bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lived Experiences of Pancreatic Cancer Patients Undergone Whipple Procedure: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Chauhan Priyanka , Kaur Sukhpal , Singh Neena Vir , Kaur Maninderdeep , Gupta Rajesh 
Published: February 2025

Objectives:
Pancreatic cancer is a devastating illness with significant impacts on patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The Whipple procedure, a common surgical intervention for pancreatic cancer, presents numerous challenges for recovery and adaptation. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the lived experiences of patients’ post-Whipple surgery. The objective of the study is to explore the lived experiences of patients having cancer of the pancreas undergone Whipple’s procedures.

Materials and Methods:
A qualitative phenomenological approach was employed to delve into the experiences of patients who underwent the Whipple procedure. Twenty-seven patients attending the surgical gastroenterology outpatient department of a tertiary care institution for follow-up were enrolled in the study. The patients were enrolled consecutively till the saturation of data. An interview guide was used to collect the data. The data were analysed using Colaizzi’s method to identify the key themes.

Results:
The participants, with a mean age of 51.61 ± 10.89 years, were predominantly male (61.7%) and Hindu (70%) by religion. Most participants had tumours of the head of the pancreas and were hospitalised for 16–30 days at the time of surgery. Thematic analysis revealed eleven themes, i.e. post-diagnosis reaction, burden of the disease, physical problems, socioeconomic burden, psychological issues, impact on social life, financial support, disturbed body image, spirituality, communication with healthcare professionals and hospital experiences.

Conclusion:
This study underscores the multifaceted challenges faced by pancreatic cancer patients post-Whipple procedure, highlighting the importance of addressing physical, emotional and socioeconomic aspects to improve their HRQoL. The findings can inform healthcare professionals in developing holistic care strategies tailored to these patients’ unique needs.
Inter-modality correlation across invasive and noninvasive angiography in the three-dimensional assessment of cerebral aneurysms
Authors: Johnson Mark D. , Street Seth , Prestigiacomo Charles J. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Non-invasive and invasive methods of cerebral angiography, including computed tomography angiography (CTA), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), and digital subtraction angiography (DSA), are commonly used to characterize and follow cerebral aneurysms. Prior work has validated two-dimensional size measurements across these modalities. Our study aims to compare the reliability of three-dimensional (3D) shape measurements across CTA, MRA, and DSA.

Methods:
A subset of cerebral aneurysms in which more than one form of angiography was performed was selected. Aneurysms were included if they did not change in size or shape between angiographic studies. Aneurysm domes were segmented, and morphometric features were measured consistent with prior reports. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for each morphometric measure were calculated using a two-way mixed effect model.

Results:
A total of 65 individual aneurysms from 55 patients were included in the study. The majority of aneurysms were imaged with DSA and CTA (43%) or MRA and CTA (40%), with 14% having DSA, MRA, and CTA available for review. The majority of aneurysms were located in the anterior circulation (77%), with an average size was 5 (4–8) mm. ICC ranged from 0.66 to 0.99 for 3D morphometric features, corresponding to “moderate” to “excellent” correlation. Sphericity and non-sphericity index showed the lowest ICC values. With the exception of these two variables, 3D morphometrics showed “good” or “excellent” reliability. No significant difference in mean absolute difference was noted across imaging modalities for each morphometric feature.

Conclusion:
The majority of 3D morphometric measures show “good” to “excellent” reliability across CTA, MRA, and DSA, allowing for comparison across imaging modalities.
Cost outcomes of pituitary adenoma resection: The use of a hybrid microscopic/endoscopic surgery
Authors: Cole Kyril L. , Rennert Robert C. , Rawanduzy Cameron A. , Brandel Michael G. , Findlay Matthew C. , Azab Mohammed A. , Karsy Michael , Couldwell William T. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
The pathogenesis, surgical techniques, and outcomes of pituitary adenomas (PAs) remain variable. We compared our surgical techniques and perioperative/long-term PA outcomes to highlight the hybrid microscopic/endoscopic technique used to optimize efficiency, cost savings, and outcomes in PA surgery.

Methods:
Consecutive PA cases performed from January 2017 through February 2020 were evaluated retrospectively. A cost analysis by surgical approach was performed combining this primarily microscopic series, with endoscopic visual assist, and a separate cohort of consecutive intra-institutional endoscopic-only PA resections.

Results:
Among 160 patients included in the main cohort analysis (mean age 51.5 ± 16.2; 89 females [55.6%]), a microscope was used in 81.9% of cases, with endoscopic assistance (hybrid) or the endoscope alone used in the remaining cases. Surgical complications occurred in 5 cases (3.1%): postoperative diabetes insipidus in 3 (1.9%), electrolyte imbalances requiring additional drug treatment in 3 (1.9%), and syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone release in 2 (1.2%). Thirty-three additional patients were included in the cost analysis (193 total). Patients treated with a microscopic-only approach had the lowest operating time (mean normalized operating room costs 1.00 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95, 1.04], P < 0.001; mean normalized total direct costs 5.00 [95%CI 4.69, 5.31], P = 0.008), with hybrid and endoscopic-only approaches having higher comparable operating times and costs.

Conclusion:
PA surgery using a primarily microscopic approach (with endoscopic assistance for complex cases) remains a safe, efficient, and cost-effective strategy and results in shorter anesthesia time to reduce patient complications while maintaining excellent endocrinologic outcomes.

Keywords:
Endoscope, Hybrid approach, Microscope, Pituitary adenoma, Transnasal surgery, Transsphenoidal surgery
Dry needling for mechanical neck pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Aleid Abdulsalam M. , Aljabr Abdulmajeed Abdulaziz , Aldanyowi Saud Nayef , AlAidarous Hasan Ali , Aleid Zainab Mohammed , Alharthi Abdulaziz S. , Alsubaie Mutlaq Naheitan , AlOraini Lama Ibrahim , Almoslem Abdulrahman Rashed , Al Mutair Abbas 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Dry needling (DN) has emerged as a potential treatment for mechanical neck pain, but the evidence remains inconclusive. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of DN in improving pain and functionality in patients with chronic mechanical neck pain.

Methods:
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar, were searched from December 2013 to January 2024. Studies involving adult participants with chronic mechanical neck pain treated with DN were included in the study. The primary outcomes were pain pressure threshold (PPT), Neck Disability Index (NDI), and cervical range of motion. Statistical analysis used a random-effect model.

Results:
Nine RCTs with a total of 540 participants were included in the study. DN significantly improved the PPT with an MD of 0.52 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39–0.65; P < 0.001). NDI also showed a significant improvement, with an MD of −0.68 (95% CI, −1.32–−0.05; P = 0.04). In terms of cervical range of motion, DN improved flexion (MD 4.07, 95% CI, 0.39–7.75; P = 0.03) and right rotation (MD 8.20, 95% CI, 3.05–13.35; P = 0.002), but no significant differences were observed in extension, left rotation, or lateral flexions (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
DN appears effective in short-term pain relief and functional outcomes for patients with mechanical neck pain but shows limited impact on the cervical range of motion.
Измерение и реконструкция диаграммы направленности антенны при направленном облучении с близкого расстояния
Authors: Абухадма Л.К. , Чони Ю.И. 
Published: February 2025

Обсуждается на первый взгляд неожиданный эффект, который проявляется в том, что с увеличением апертуры вспомогательной антенны, облучающей испытуемую антенну с относительно узкой диаграммой направленности (ДН), угловая зависимость принимаемого сигнала (кажущаяся ДН) сужается вместо того, чтобы расширяться из-за снижения интенсивности облучающего поля на краях антенны. Результаты моделирования показывают, что это вызвано тем, что фазовый фронт облучающего поля спрямляется , и таким образом, уменьшение фазовых искажений оказывается фактором более существенным, чем снижение амплитуды поля на краях испытуемой антенны. При этом результат реконструкции ДН практически не зависит от амплитудной неравномерности облучающего поля, что вполне объяснимо использованием его предварительным зондированием.
Introduction. Currently, measuring devices called vector analyzers of circuits and signals have become available and allow to carry out automatic measurements of amplitudes and phases. It forces the interest in the practical application of methods that allow retrieving the true radiation pattern by irradiating the tested antenna at a close distance. This is topical for measurements performed in compact anechoic chambers. The use of directed radiation in this case, on the one hand, reduces reflections from the chamber walls, and on the other hand, increases the inhomogeneity of the irradiating field. The aim of the research was to elucidate the influence of the directional property of the auxiliary antenna, that produces the irradiating field, on the measurement process and the accuracy of the radiation pattern retrieval, under the framework of the methodology of a converging cluster of plane waves. To achieve the goal, simulating of measurement and data processing processes was carried out when the size of the auxiliary antenna varied. The simulation findings proved that the retrieval accuracy does not depend on the nature of the irradiating field. This can be explained by the fact that at first the sounding of the irradiating field is performed and the converging cluster of plane waves corresponding to the characteristics of the irradiating field is synthesized. As for the initial measurements of the antenna radiation pattern, calculations showed that even with the moderate lengthening the auxiliary antenna, the measured radiation pattern approaches the true radiation pattern, despite the fact that the inhomogeneity of the amplitude relief of the irradiating field increases. It was found that this tendency is caused by the effect of straightening the phase front of the irradiating field. Conclusions. The simulation findings proved the efficiency of the retrieval of the radiation pattern within the framework of the methodology of a converging cluster of plane waves, in a practically significant case when measurements are performed in compact chambers with the use of a directional auxiliary antenna.
ОЦЕНКА ЁМКОСТИ ПЛОСКОГО КОНДЕНСАТОРА С УЧЁТОМ ШЕРОХОВАТОСТИ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ ЭЛЕКТРОДОВ
Authors: Евдокимов Ю.К. , Фадеева Л.Ю. , Сагдиев Р.К. , Валеев Б.М. 
Published: February 2025

Рассмотрено влияние шероховатости электродов на величину ёмкости плоского конденсатора. Роль шероховатости существенно возрастает с уменьшением межэлектродного расстояния, соизмеримого с масштабом неоднородностей поверхности. Предложено соотношение для количественной оценки ёмкости с учётом шероховатости. Приведены результаты экспериментальных измерений ёмкости конденсатора с шероховатыми пластинами при различных уровнях чистоты обработки поверхности.
Introduction. The rapid development of micro- and nano-technologies poses the topical problems of roughness of various surfaces, heterogeneities of surface edges and their influence on the electrophysical and electrical characteristics of radio electronics elements and various sensors. State-of-the-art technologies and processing methods allow to obtain fairly accurate and smooth bounds and surfaces of elements. However, for submicron and nanoscale devices, the scale of the length, width, height of the elements and the distances between the elements become comparable with the scale of heterogeneities and the level of processing. Additionally, this results in the occurence of new electrical, electrophysical, and physicochemical properties of such structures obtained both artificially and naturally (for example, crystalline and various ordered systems, etc.). Furthermore, there is posed a problem of quantitative description of the dependence of electrical and other properties on the heterogeneity and roughness of the elements and materials. The aim of the research was to theoretically estimate capacitance of a flat capacitor with rough surface electrodes and its experimental validation. Method and findings. In the experiment, we proposed a method for evaluating the validity of the equation describing a fractal model of a capacitor. The principle of the method is to measure the electric capacitance by a high-precision device for electrodes identical in geometry but with different roughness and at different interelectrode distances. Conclusions. Research finding showed that the proposed improved equation for calculating the capacitance, considering the fractal dimension of the roughness and heterogeneity of the electrode surface, significantly corrects the classically calculated capacitance. The surface roughness results in an increase in the surface area S of the capacitor plates. The derived equation also allows to predict the electrical properties of such electrode systems, linking them with the quality and technology of the surface treatment.
МЕТОДИКА АУДИТА ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ПРИЧИННО-СЛЕДСТВЕННОЙ ДИАГРАММЫ
Authors: Чекулаева Е.Н. , Кубашева Е.С. 
Published: February 2025

Представлена методика проведения внутренней аудиторской проверки, основанная на анализе причинно-следственных связей в системе информационной безопасности предприятия. Рассмотрена структура проведения аудита информационной безопасности предприятия и предложены основные направления деятельности в области аудита безопасности информации.
Introduction. A significant part of the audit provides a detailed pattern of data security and company security, that allows to identify the problem and ensure the correct reliable audit structure. On time audit of information security (IS) allows to quickly and reliably estimate the current state of the company data and take the right decision to ensure information security. One of the reasons for these criteria lies in the lack of real tools and tasks to plan, evaluate and control the management of the results of the company. The aim of the research is to increase the efficiency of estimating the characteristics of a company information security audit by using the cause-and-effect diagrams of threats and vulnerabilities to information security. Paper presents a methodology for analyzing the characteristics of a company information security audit by using a cause-and-effect diagram. A piece of the life cycle of an IS audit gives an estimate of the company security in order to determine which resources and from which threats should be protected, and also how different resources should be protected. The structure of the IS audit provides a qualitative and quantitative verification of the entire audit process in the company. The approach to carrying out an internal audit and self-assessment of information security is based on the method of analysis of cause-and-effect diagram of threats and vulnerabilities in the company information security system. It will optimize the process of obtaining qualitative and quantitative estimates of the current state of the company information security, reveal current threats, and block if necessary leakage of confidential information. Conclusion. The developed methodology for carrying out an internal audit developed by the authors, based on the method of estimating cause-and-effect diagram allows to identify the most vulnerable parts in the company information security system. Being universal, the method can be employed at the any company, allowing one to draw up own unique schemes (cause-and-effect diagrams) adapted to the specific conditions of the company. Based on the diagrams one can produce reports of internal audits and make changes to the information and data security system.
СИСТЕМА КОНТРОЛЯ СКОРОСТИ СНАРЯДА НА ВЫХОДЕ СТВОЛА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ МНОГОАДРЕСНЫХВОЛОКОННЫХ БРЭГГОВСКИХ РЕШЁТОК
Authors: Сахабутдинов А.Ж. , Мисбахов Р.Ш. , Куликов Е.В. , Морозов Г.А. , Колесников В.Ю. , Липатников К.А. , Сарварова Л.М. 
Published: February 2025

Представлена волоконно-оптическая система на основе трёх пар многоадресных волоконных брэгговских структур (МАВБС) отражательного типа (3l-ВБР), записанных в одном оптическом волокне. Система предназначена для контроля скорости снаряда на выходе ствола (ССВС) в реальном времени. Основной функцией системы является контроль ССВС через измерение в процессе выстрела времени прохождения волной кольцевой деформации ствола каждой из пар датчиков, закреплённых на поверхности ствола с различным базовым расстоянием. Волокно при этом установлено так, что каждая пара датчиков расположена вдоль своей направляющей ствола, угол между которыми с его осью составляет 120°, и подключена через циркулятор к зондирующему лазеру и интеррогатору. В отличие от других данная волоконно-оптическая система является радиофотонной, не требует использования сложных и дорогих вибрационно-неустойчивых оптико-электронных интеррогаторов для опроса датчиков и позволяет дополнительно контролировать параметры волны деформации ствола в шести точках на его выходе. Измеренная ССВС может быть использована для повышения точности прицеливания, индикации характеристик живучести ствола и установки сроков его эксплуатации по фактическому состоянию износа.
Introduction. Currently, a wide range of systems and devices has been developed for monitoring the projectile velocity at the barrel exit (PVBE) under the full-scale and laboratory conditions. The most common systems of monitoring PVBE are built on the basis of various types of sensors, mounted near the barrel exit at a certain base distance between them, and a unit for measuring projectile velocity. During the shot, a wave of ring strain, caused by the movement of the projectile, propagates along the barrel and induces a pulse-type response in the sensors at different time moments, depending on the PVBE. The PVBE measuring unit determines the velocity of the projectile in the barrel as a value directly proportional to the base distance and inversely proportional to the time difference between the responses of the two sensors.
ИСКАЖЕНИЯ ШИРОКОПОЛОСНЫХ ЛЧМ-ИМПУЛЬСОВ В СЛУЧАЕ НОРМАЛЬНОЙ И АНОМАЛЬНОЙ ДИСПЕРСИИ КВ-КАНАЛА
Authors: Рябова М.И. 
Published: February 2025

Представлена методика синтеза ионограмм наклонного зондирования с применением многослойной квазипараболической сегментации. Проведены вычислительные эксперименты по исследованию дисперсионных характеристик преобладающих мод для радиолиний протяжённостью от 1 000 до 7 000 км. Установлены характеристики нормальной и аномальной дисперсии. Проведены оценки скорости чирпирования импульсной характеристики в широкополосных ионосферных КВ-каналах в зависимости от протяжённости трассы, времени суток и относительной частоты канала. Получены данные о дисперсионных искажениях огибающей импульсной характеристики канала с полосой пропускания 1 МГц и различной средней частотой, отражающие влияние чирпирования.
Introduction. It is acknowledged that in radar and wireless communication systems signals, typically, are wave packets consisting of harmonic oscillations and are finite in both the time and frequency domains. Due to the dispersion of the medium, the phase relations of the components of such packets are broken and they are distorted. In cases when a packet can be characterized by an envelope and a carrier, the concepts of phase velocity and group velocity are introduced. In dispersive media, the phase and group velocities are not equal, and therefore, in the coordinate system associated with the envelope, the carrier will move relative to it. Media with normal and anomalous dispersion are different. For inhomogeneous media, the problem of the type of dispersion is still poorly studied.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25686/2306-2819.2021.2.38 ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЕ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИОННЫХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ТЕЛЕКОММУНИКАЦИОННЫХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: Шерстнева А.А. 
Published: February 2025

Разработаны математические модели функционирования телекоммуникационного объекта. Параметрами моделей являются эксплуатационные показатели и показатели надёжности системы контроля и диагностики. Приведены аналитические выражения для их вычисления. На основе методов теории фильтрации и модели авторегрессионного процесса предложен вариант решения задач прогнозирования статистических данных и вероятностей отдельных событий.
Introduction. Estimation of the quality of performance of telecommunication systems depends on the reliability of partial technical devices and their components. Reliability estimation is based on the calculation of operational and design reliability indicators. The performance values are calculated according to the statistical data of the monitoring and control system. To derive analytical expressions for determining the calculated indicators, there were developed mathematical models which reflect the technological process of functioning. The mathematical models are presented in the form of a diagram of states that a technical object keeps during operation. The diagram also includes states under the condition of imperfect reliability of the monitoring and diagnosing system. Its imperfect is caused by the presence of control errors of the first, the second and the third kind. The aim of the study is to identify mathematical models by solving empirical equations and forecasting the performance indicators of the reliability of a telecommunication system, as well as a monitoring and diagnosing system. There were used two types of mathematical models. The first model is based on theoretical assumptions. The second one includes only the states observed during system operation. Findings.There were derived analytical expressions for calculating reliability indicators. By comparing and analyzing the outcomes, there were derived equation systems that allows to calculate the availability ratio, the average limitation time for traffic transmission and the probability of control errors. On the basis of the set-theoretic analysis of the outcomes, there is proposed a solution for the problems of forecasting statistical data and the probabilities of particular events. The solution is based on the use of filtration theory methods and an autoregressive process model. Estimated values of parameters of autoregressive models were obtained by three different methods.