bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling Study of Variable Upwelling Circulation in the East China Sea: Response to a Coastal Promontory
Authors: Liu Zhiqiang , Gan Jianping 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
A three-dimensional, high-resolution numerical model is used to investigate processes and dynamics of an intensified upwelling that is induced by a coastal promontory over the East China Sea (ECS) shelf. The center of the intensified upwelling around the promontory has been constantly observed, but, so far, it has been dynamically unexplained. Forced by an idealized southeasterly wind stress, the model results well capture the observed upwelling at the lee of the coastal promontory. The intensified upwelling is formed by a strengthened shoreward transport downstream of the promontory as the upwelling jet veers shoreward. The jet is mainly controlled by a cross-shore geostrophic balance and is largely modulated by both centrifugal acceleration associated with nonlinear advection and by bottom stress. The strengthened shoreward transport is mainly attributed to the cross-shore geostrophic current that is induced by a countercurrent (negative) pressure gradient force (PGF) and partly attributed to the bottom Ekman transport. Based on the analyses of the momentum balance and depth-integrated vorticity dynamics, the authors provide a new explanation for the origin of negative PGF. It is found that the countercurrent PGF is generated by negative bottom stress curl and strengthened by negative vorticity advection downstream of the promontory. While the negative bottom stress curl arises from bottom shear vorticity, the source of negative advection downstream of the promontory is the negative shear vorticity on the seaside of the shoreward-bent jet. Nevertheless, cyclonic curvature vorticity at the bottom and positive vorticity advection in the water column at the promontory weakens the negative PGF. Although nonlinear advection strengthens vorticity advection, it weakens bottom stress curl and has little net effect on the countercurrent PGF.
Uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery: the lesser invasive thoracic surgery
Authors: Roubelakis Apostolos , Modi Amit , Holman Melanie , Casali Gianluca , Khan Ali Zamir 
Published: January 2014

Objectives We evaluated whether single-port video-assisted thoracic surgery is feasible without compromising outcomes, and whether the technique could be reproduced by a trainee. Methods In a 6-month period, 37 operations were performed by single-port video-assisted thoracic surgery. Of the 37 patients, 27 (73%) were male and the mean age was 45.1 ± 21 years. Twenty-three (62%) were operated on by consultants and 14 (38%) by trainees. The procedures included 19 (51.3%) operations for treatment of pneumothoraces, 8 (21.6%) metastasectomies, 7 (18.9%) lung biopsies, 2 (5.4%) empyema débridements, and 1 (2.7%) pleuropericardial window. Results Mean operative time was 51.8 ± 14.7 min. Patient-controlled analgesia infusion was used for 1.3 ± 1 days. Three (8.1%) patients needed an operative reintervention, but there was no intensive treatment unit admission or hospital mortality. Mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.3 ± 2.7 days. On follow-up, all patients had a tissue diagnosis and all lung nodules were R0 resections. Patients operated on by consultants and trainees had similar preoperative profiles and postoperative outcomes, except that those operated on by trainees used patient-controlled analgesia significantly longer (1.8 ± 1.48 vs. 1 ± 0.48 days; p = 0.03). Conclusion Single-port video-assisted thoracic surgery can be performed and reproduced well without compromising outcomes. It is considered aesthetically better and may reduce analgesic requirements, but it might not reduce hospital stay.
Distal radio-ulnar joint instability in children and adolescents after wrist trauma
Authors: Andersson J. K. , Lindau T. , Karlsson J. , Fridén J. 
Published: January 2014

This study retrospectively evaluated the medical records and radiographs of patients younger than aged 25 that were referred for a second opinion due to ulnar-sided wrist pain and persistent distal radio-ulnar (DRU) joint instability. We identified 85 patients with a major wrist trauma before the age of 18. Median age at trauma was 14 years. Median time between trauma and diagnosis of DRUJ instability was 3 years. Sixty-seven patients (79%) had sustained a fracture at the initial trauma. The two most common skeletal injuries related to the DRUJ instability were Salter–Harris type II fractures (24%) and distal radius fractures (19%). In 19 patients (22%), the secondary DRUJ instability was caused by malunion or growth arrest. Eighteen patients (21%) had no fracture; in spite of this, they presented with subsequent symptomatic DRUJ instability. Fourteen of these 18 patients had a triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) tear, confirmed by arthroscopy, open surgery, or magnetic resonance imaging. In conclusion, late DRUJ instability due to wrist fractures or isolated TFCC tears was found to be common in children and adolescents. Level of evidence: IV
A noninvasive biomechanical treatment as an additional tool in the rehabilitation of an acute anterior cruciate ligament tear: A case report
Authors: Elbaz Avi , Cohen Marc S , Debbi Eytan M , Rath Udi , Mor Amit , Morag Guy , Beer Yiftah , Segal Ganit , Debi Ronen 
Published: January 2014

Objectives: Conservative treatments for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears may have just as good an outcome as invasive treatments. These include muscle strengthening and neuromuscular proprioceptive exercises to improve joint stability and restore motion to the knee. The Purpose of the current work presents was to examine the feasibility of a novel non-invasive biomechanical treatment to improve the rehabilitation process following an ACL tear. This is a single case report that presents the effect of this therapy in a patient with a complete ACL rupture who chose not to undergo reconstructive surgery. Methods: A 29-year old female athlete with an acute indirect injury to the knee who chose not to undergo surgery was monitored. Two days after injury the patient began AposTherapy. A unique biomechanical device was specially calibrated to the patient’s feet. The therapy program was initiated, which included carrying out her daily routine while wearing the device. The subject underwent a gait analysis at baseline and follow-up gait analyses at weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 26. Results: A severe abnormal gait was seen immediately after injury, including a substantial decrease in gait velocity, step length and single limb support. In addition, limb symmetry was substantially compromised following the injury. After 4 weeks of treatment, patient had returned to normal gait values and limbs asymmetry reached the normal range. Conclusions: The results of this case report suggest that this conservative biomechanical therapy may have helped this patient in her rehabilitation process. Further research is needed in order to determine the effect of this therapy for patients post ACL injuries.
Literacy as Symbolic Strategy in Greece: Methodological Considerations of Topic and Place
Authors: Herzfeld Michael 
Published: January 2014

Against reification: what is a context?This paper provides me with an opportunity to suggest why the study of orality and literacy/literality in modern Greece has some theoretical as well as purely descriptive or local significance. For social anthropology, comparison between societies and cultures is a central task. While the study of modern Greek culture displays a remarkably persistent level of methodological introversion, its singular characteristics are very germane to the comparativist perspective. In part, this is due to the peculiar political circumstances that make the ancient forebears of the Greeks so much a part of current debates about the status of the modern culture.
Some western images of Athos in early modern times, c. 1554–1678
Authors: Martin Michael E. 
Published: January 2014

In 1554 a Franciscan friar of Angoulême, André Thevet, published at Lyons his Cosmographie de Levant. The author had recently returned from a three year journey to Constantinople and the Holy Land, and the Cosmographie was the first of a number of geographical works. Although he did not visit Athos, he saw it from near the Hellespont and included a few lines in his book:
The Greeks call [it] Agion Oros, others the Holy Mountain, I believe on account of the many beautiful and ancient monasteries of both men and women, each living in their own abode in great chastity, poverty and obedience, so the monks and religious are called Caloeres and the religious women Calogrees, which means ‘aged women’ living upright lives.
The final commission of Artemius the former dux Aegypti
Authors: Woods David 
Published: January 2014

AbstractIt is normally assumed that Artemius was dux Aegypti at the time of his martyrdom at Antioch on 20 October 362. The present paper argues that Constantius II had actually promoted him as his magister equitum per Orientem about a year beforehand, just before his own death. In accordance with his anti-Christian bias, however, Ammianus Marcellinus conceals this fact in order to create a false association between Artemius and the disreputable bishop George of Alexandria, attacking not only the cult of martyrs in general but that of Artemius at Antioch in particular.
Westernisation in the eighteenth-century Ottoman empire: how far, how fast?
Authors: Murphey Rhoads 
Published: January 2014

AbstractA long-cherished assumption in standard periodisations of Ottoman history holds that Westernisation in the Ottoman empire had its beginnings in the early eighteenth century. According to the traditional view, the effects of the European Enlightenment began to be felt in the Ottoman empire with the establishment of the Muteferrika Press in 1727, gained pace as the century progressed and achieved a kind of culmination under the rule of the would-be reformist sultan Selim III (reigned 1789-1807). This study examines the evidence for the broader reception of Western, especially secular, ideas at the community level among various of the principal population groups (both Christian and Muslim) of the empire, and attempts a reassessment of the pace of Westernisation divorced from the usual Istanbul-centric and court-centred framework of analysis.
The Cyprus Proposition: Lord Curzon and Cyprus in British Imperial Strategy, 1914 to 1919
Authors: Fisher John 
Published: January 2014

AbstractDebate about the strategic importance of Cyprus to Britain during and immediately after World War I has been overlooked by historians. During this period several key departments, politicians and officials argued strongly and in a concerted way for British retention of the island. This article investigates their reasoning and the arguments of those who championed its cession to Greece. Particular attention is given to the opinions of Lord Curzon, whose career was steeped in long-standing Anglo-Russian rivalries in Asia and the strategic doctrines which underpinned it. Reference is also made to the political, diplomatic and strategic context in which Curzon and his colleagues debated the issue.
The reception of Solomos: national poetry and the question of lyricism
Authors: Tziovas Dimitris 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThrough the reception of Solomos, this paper explores the tension between the lyric and the narrative, and the extent to which the roles of national and lyric poet are compatible. The critical reception of Solomos demonstrates that his recognition as a lyric poet was not on an equal footing with his presentation as a national one. It shows that his joint treatment as the national poet of Greece and its greatest lyric poet is problematic and not convincingly argued. It also argues that Solomos’s reception can be summarized as the conflict between the historical and the aesthetic approaches.
Byzantine policy towards Paristrion in the mid-eleventh century: another interpretation
Authors: Stephenson Paul 
Published: January 2014

AbstractArchaeological and numismatic evidence for Byzantine activity in Paristrion, the lands beside the lower Danube, are surveyed and interpreted alongside the few pertinent written sources. It is suggested that the onset of Pecheneg invasions across the lower Danube, shortly after the death of Basil II (d. 1025), provoked his successors to implement a policy which allowed the Pechenegs, and other northern peoples, controlled access to markets and merchandise. This system allowed ‘barbarians’ to acquire the goods and trappings of distinction they desired, and was generally effective in promoting trading over raiding. An attempt to Reform the system, and recoup bullion — perhaps by the introduction of a phoundax — provoked a rebellion c. 1072.
The legend of Basil the Bulgar-slayer
Authors: Stephenson Paul 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis article surveys the reputation of the emperor Basil II as the Bulgar-slayer from the twentieth to the eleventh century. Basil featured in a number of historical and literary works at the time of the ‘Macedonian Struggle’ (1904-8). In the nineteenth century Basil was considered a key historical figure by those seeking to establish hellenic continuity: he had a particular connection with both Athens and Constantinople, the two poles of hellenism. Basil was largely ignored during the Tourkokratia, but for four centuries before 1453 he was considered an exemplary ruler. Stories of Basil’s martial prowess, particularly against the Bulgarians, circulated widely after his death in 1025. However, he was not called Voulgaroktonos until Byzantine struggles with Bulgaria recommenced, more than 150 years later.
Michael Psellos’ rhetorical gender
Authors: Papaioannou Eustratios N. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe following article discusses the rhetoric of Michael Psellos in light of his construction of a rhetorical gender. Focusing on one of his letters (to Ioannes Doukas, Sathas 72) where Psellos declares that he is female, the article proceeds to identify his textual source as Synesios of Kyrene (ca. 370-413). The comparison of text and intertext shows that, while Synesios uses femininity as a rhetorical motif, Psellos elevates it to a tool of a rhetorical self-identification defined by the specific social context of the eleventh century.
Nevile Henderson in Constantinople, Cairo and Belgrade: the prototype appeaser?
Authors: Neville Peter 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis article will argue that far from being an inveterate appeaser, Henderson showed in Constantinople that he could be an advocate of tough measures. And that in Cairo, contrary to his reputation, he was a Foreign Office loyalist while his superior, George Lloyd, was critical of official policy. Nevertheless, Henderson’s early career does offer useful insights into why, once posted to Germany in 1937, he became an advocate of accommodation. In Yugoslavia, in particular, he showed a willingness to work with authoritarian leaders and a sympathy for them, which helped him to secure the Berlin appointment.
Some unknown sources of inspiration in the works of C.P. Cavafy
Authors: Fatouros Georgios 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe sources of inspiration concerning the poems of C.P. Cavafy are not known in their whole scope. In the following pages some eight poems of the Alexandrian poet are discussed, the sources of which were either completely unknown or only partly recognized. The cases in question do not exhaust this topic.
UnRavelling Seferis’ ‘Mythistorema’ 6
Authors: Gauntlett Stathis 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis article attempts to enhance the interpretation of Μυθιστόρημα 6 by exploiting more fully the wide range of verse, music and extra-textual data that can be connected with it. This entails a reassessment of several aspects of the poem, including the role of Maurice Ravel, the identity of the garden with the fountains, the connotations of the dark glass, and the significance of the rain. The poem emerges as a demonstration of the fragility of human culture which sets the contest of competing Hellenisms underlying Μυθιστόρημα in a sobering context.
Re-inventing the Homeland in the Historiography of Frankish Greece: The Fourth Crusade and the Legend of the Trojan War
Authors: Shawcross Teresa 
Published: January 2014

AbstractA close reading of Western texts belonging to the twelfth and early thirteenth centuries reveals the process by which the legend of the Trojan War came to be associated with the conquest of Constantinople. After 1204, attempts in the Morea to re-work Benoît de Sainte-Maure’s Roman de Troie attest to gradual changes in the relationship of the Frankish conquerors with their territories in the former Byzantine Empire, but also with their lands of origin. A parallel ideological transformation may be shown to have occurred within the Byzantine tradition. This evidence sheds light on the Late Medieval contexts in which were composed the Iliad of Constantine Hermoniakos, the anonymous Πόλεμος τῆς Τρωάδος, the Byzantine Iliad and Achilleid.
‘The slow fire that burned bridges’: the breaking of the political verse in Cavafy
Authors: Letsios Vassilios 
Published: January 2014

AbstractFor T.S. Eliot, ‘the ghost behind the arras’ refers to ‘some simple metre’ typographically dislocated and dimly heard if not openly seen. This paper examines in some detail the ways in which C. P. Cavafy appropriates the predominant Modern Greek verse form, the ‘political verse’ (politikos stichos), in new contexts and asks what they contribute to the understanding of the poet’s poetics. It will be argued that the most dominant ‘ghost’ is Palamas’ Ηφλογέρα του βασιλιά (1910), mirroring the poet’s attempts to communicate his response to the demise of the ‘Great Idea’ of national expansion.
‘The Sign of Some Degree’?: The Financial, Social and Sartorial Significance of Male Headwear at the Courts of Henry VIII and Edward VI
Authors: Hayward Maria 
Published: January 2014

The Monmouth cap, the saylors thrum, And that wherin the tradesman come, The physic, lawe, the cap divine, The same that crowns the muses nine, The cap that fools do countenance, The goodly cap of maintenance, And any cap, whate're it bee, Is still the sign of some degree.
A systematic review of the psychometric properties of transition readiness assessment tools in adolescents with chronic disease
Authors: Zhang Lorena F , Ho Jane SW , Kennedy Sean E 
Published: January 2014

Abstract

Background
Health care transition of adolescents with chronic conditions may be unsuccessful when patients have not acquired the necessary skills and developmental milestones. It is therefore critical for health care providers to assess the readiness for transition of their adolescent patients. This is currently hindered by the lack of a recognised, well-established transition-readiness assessment tool.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review of all transition-readiness tools for adolescents with chronic medical conditions published in peer-reviewed journals. Tools were rated by the methodological quality of the validation studies, and the psychometric measurement qualities of each tool.

Results
Ten different assessment tools were identified. Seven targeted specific diseases and 3 tools were generic. Most tools were poorly validated with only one tool, the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ) demonstrating adequate content validity, construct validity, and internal consistency.

Conclusion
The TRAQ was the best-validated transition-readiness tool, with additional benefits of disease-neutrality. Further research should focus on testing the predictive validity of this tool, and exploring correlation with transition-outcomes, in an international population.
Isolation of a novel amylase and lipase-producing Pseudomonas luteola strain: study of amylase production conditions
Authors: Khannous Lamia , Jrad Mouna , Dammak Mouna , Miladi Ramzi , Chaaben Nour , Khemakhem Bassem , Gharsallah Néji , Fendri Imen 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
An amylase and lipase producing bacterium (strain C2) was enriched and isolated from soil regularly contaminated with olive washing wastewater in Sfax, Tunisia. Cell was aerobic, mesophilic, Gram-negative, motile, non-sporulating bacterium, capable of growing optimally at pH 7 and 30°C and tolerated maximally 10% (W/V) NaCl. The predominant fatty acids were found to be C18:1ω7c (32.8%), C16:1ω7c (27.3%) and C16:0 (23.1%). Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene revealed that this strain belonging to the genus Pseudomonas. Strain C2 was found to be closely related to Pseudomonas luteola with more than 99% of similarity. Amylase optimization extraction was carried out using Box Behnken Design (BBD). Its maximal activity was found when the pH and temperature ranged from 5.5 to 6.5 and from 33 to 37°C, respectively. Under these conditions, amylase activity was found to be about 9.48 U/ml.
Absence of low back pain in the general population followed fortnightly over one year with automated text messages
Authors: Leboeuf-Yde Charlotte , Lemeunier Nadège , Wedderkopp Niels , Kjaer Per 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Background
Over one year, the majority of patients with low back pain (LBP) from the secondary care sector could not report a single week without LBP and few could report a non-episode, defined as at least one month without LBP. Presumably, non-episodes would be more common in the general population. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of this definition of ´”non-episodes”, by studying their presence over one year in the general population. Specifically, we wanted to: 1) determine the prevalence of non-episodes, 2) identify the proportion of study participants who could be classified as being in a non-episode at the end of the observation period, and 3) estimate the proportion of participants classified as having at least two separate non-episodes.

Methods
Danes, aged 49/50, who previously participated in a population-based study on LBP received fortnightly automated text (SMS) messages over one year. Each time, participants reported the number of days with LBP in the preceding fortnight. Fortnights with 0 days of LBP were defined as ‘zero-fortnights’ and two such fortnights in a row (one month) were defined as a ‘non-episode’. Estimates are reported as percentages with their 95% confidence intervals in brackets.

Results
Two hundred and ninety-three people were invited to participate. Of these, 16 declined participation and 16 were excluded because they failed to return their text message at least 20 of the 26 times, leaving 261 in the current analyses. Of these, 11% (2-22) never reported a zero-fortnight. In all, 83% (78-88) had at least one non-episode throughout the study period and the proportion of participants classified as being in a non-episode at the end of the study was 59% (53-65). The percentage of individuals with at least two non-episodes was 52% (46-58).

Conclusions
It is possible to differentiate people from the general population as having or not having episodes of LBP using the definition of absence of LBP over one month as the measure. Non-episodes were far more common in the general population than in the secondary care sector, suggesting it to be a potentially useful definition in research.