bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of coated calcium feeding on growth performance, carcass traits, immunity, blood biochemicals and tibial bone morphometry in commercial broiler chicken
Authors: Dongare Balaji Sanjayrao , Kulkarni Ram Chandrakant , Vasanthi Balan , Awandkar Sudhakar Pralhad , Gaikwad Nandkumar Zatingrao , Gadegaonkar Ganesh Mahadeo , Raziuddin Mohammad , More Akash 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The bone abnormalities pose great concern in heavy, rapidly growing broilers, resulting in significant economic loss, and health issues in birds. To address these problems and prevent unnecessary mineral excretion into environment, it is crucial to optimise the inclusion level of dietary calcium in broiler’s diet. The calcium utilisation by the bird is also affected by its source, particle size, bioavailability etc. Hence this study aimed to study the effect of partially replacing conventional dietary calcium source with coated calcium on growth performance, immune response, carcass traits, blood calcium and phosphorus, and mineral retention in broilers. About 416 broilers were randomly distributed into four treatments, each with eight replicates of 13 birds and fed with iso-calcium, isocaloric, and isonitrogenous diet for 6 weeks. The T0 (control) was a basal diet while the T1, T2, and T3, were treatment diets in which conventional calcium source (limestone) was partially replaced with coated calcium by 10, 20, and 30% respectively. The growth performance, immunity, carcass traits, tibial morphometry, calcium and phosphorus content in serum, bone and excreta were studied. The birds of T3 group showed significantly higher body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, carcass yields compared to T0, T1, and T2 diet fed birds. Further the treatment groups exhibited significantly (P<0.001) higher cell-mediated and humoral immune responses and immune organ weights compared to control. The tibial bone weight, length and average diameter was highest in T3. Moreover, the T3 diet fed group also showed higher calcium and phosphorus content in serum and bone and lowest content of these minerals in the excreta compared to T2, T1 and control. Therefore, the dietary replacement of 30% conventional calcium source with coated calcium enhanced the growth performance, immunity, carcass traits and mineral retention in broilers.
Thermoneutral Environment Improves Mouse Metabolism and Reduces Stress in Metabolic Cages
Authors: Seebeck Petra , Villiger Philipp , Calvet Charlotte , Pastor-Arroyo Eva , Wagner Carsten 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Metabolic cages [MCs] are frequently used to collect feces and urine samples. However, MC housing is stressful for mice and thereby potentially influences parameters of interest.
We compared a standard protocol for MC housing (4 days at 23°C, including 3 days of permanent acclimatisation and 24h sampling) with a) short-term intermittent acclimatisation (3 days for 3h plus 24h MC housing), b) providing a nest (4 days at 23°C) and c) MC housing at thermoneutrality (4 days at 30°C). C57BL6/N mice were implanted with telemetric transmitters acquiring ECG, blood pressure, body core temperature, and activity.
Body core temperature decreased, and heart and respiratory rates increased during MC housing at 23°C. Mice housed in MCs with a nest or at 30°C showed strongly reduced heart/respiratory rates and a higher body core temperature compared to the group housed at 23°C. Mice ate more and lost more weight when housed in MCs at 23°C in combination with a much higher brown fat activity. Torpor-like episodes were observed in male mice housed at 23°C. In addition, they had higher corticosterone levels.
Our study demonstrates that MC housing at 23°C strongly influences mouse physiology and metabolism due to a substantial cold stress. Female mice seem to be less affected compared to male mice. MC housing at thermoneutrality offers a simple solution to improve animal wellbeing during MC housing. Moreover, one short-term acclimatization presumably has the same acclimatisation effect as repeated exposure to the MCs.
Ethnobotany, Total Polyphenol Content, and Cytotoxicity of African olive (Canarium schweinfurthii Engl.) Fruit Pulp
Authors: Tabula Arthur , Nakyinsige Khadijah , Bamuwamye Michael , Komujuni Praise , Hoeglinger Otmar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Neither indigenous knowledge nor cytotoxicity of Canarium schweinfurthii Engl. have been documented, which may limit its utilization. Henceforth, this study aimed at conducting an ethnobotanical survey and determining total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and cytotoxicity of C. schweinfurthii fruit pulp.
Methods
The ethnobotanical survey was conducted in Kamuli, Luwero, and Mayuge districts, Uganda using validated questionnaires following purposive and snowball sampling. Following cold and hot water extraction of the fruit pulp extract, Total Polyphenol Content (TPC) was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method while the antioxidant capacity on human colon (Caco-2) cell lines was determined using the oxidative stress and 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate staining model. Cytotoxicity at 1:2, 1:5, 1:10, 1:25, 1:50, 1:100, 1:200 and 1:1000 concentrations was determined using the human colon (Caco-2) cell lines and resazurin assay.
Results
The study revealed that various parts of C. schweinfurthii are used in the management of various health complications whereas the fruit is utilized as food. The TPC obtained for C.schweinfurthii fruit pulp was 2.48 ± 0.10 and 2.88 ± 0.02 mg GAE/g dry weight for cold and hot extracts, respectively. There was no significant antioxidant activity observed after treatment of human colon (Caco-2) cell lines with the different fruit pulp extract concentrations. Zero to very low cytotoxicity was observed in cell lines treated with 1:10, 1:25, 1:50, 1:100, 1:200 and 1:1000 fruit pulp extract.
Conclusion
The findings of this study suggest that in addition to its utilization as a food, C.schweinfurthii fruit pulp is a potential therapeutic agent.
LINC01197 inhibits Influenza A Virus replication by serving as a PABPC1 decoy
Authors: Wang Yihe , Shi Ning , Zhang Hansi , Luo Jinna , Yan Hongjian , Hou Huiyan , Guan Zhenhong , Zhao Lili , Duan Ming 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are known to impose a significant impact on both animal and human health due to its zoonotic potential. A growing body of evidence indicates that host long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating host-virus interactions during IAV infection. However, numerous lncRNAs associated with IAV infection have not been well-characterized. Here, we identified the LINC01197 as an antiviral host factor. LINC01197 was significantly upregulated after IAV infection which is controlled by NF-κB pathway. Functional analysis demonstrated that overexpression of LINC01197 inhibited IAV replication and virus production while knockdown of LINC01197 facilitated IAV replication. Mechanistically, LINC01197 directly interacted with poly(A) binding protein cytoplasmic 1 (PABPC1), which in turn sequesters and restricts its functions. This work demonstrates that LINC01197 functions as a protein decoy to suppress IAV replication, indicating a novel function of LINC01197 in controlling IAV replication.
The effect of chocolate with high inulin, erythritol, and stevia instead of sugar on diabetic patients, a protocol of the randomized clinical trial
Authors: Shafiei Gita , Karimpour Farzad , Sabbaghi Hassan , Jamei Sara , Khodabandeh Simin , Panahande Seyed Bahman 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study will aim to investigate how dietary chocolate affects the sugar and lipid profile of individuals with type 2 diabetes. The study will be conducted as a clinical trial, with 60 participants who have been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. These participants will be randomly assigned to two groups, one receiving 30 grams of diet chocolate containing inulin, erythritol, and stevia, while the other group will receive basic chocolate. Blood samples will be taken from all participants at the beginning and end of a 60-day intervention period to assess their HbA1c and lipid profile. Many people are searching for solutions in the food industry to manage their weight and maintain their health to prevent dangerous diseases. The outcomes of this study can have a positive impact on individuals with diabetes and pave the way for future dietary interventions.
Spectroscopic Evaluation of Colour Grading of Type Ia Diamonds†.
Authors: Ardalkar Rajendra , Mane Sandesh , Goswami Anik , Gaonkar Mahesh , Joshi Bhavik , Bagla Hemlata , Reddy A. V.R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Colour grading of diamonds is determined routinely by experienced graders, and grades range from D to Z, with D being pure white and valuable. Efforts by researchers are focused to develop an instrumental method for bias-free grading. Presence of nitrogen in type Ia diamonds results in yellow tint and its intensity increases with increase in nitrogen content (grades from D to Z). In the present work electronic and vibrational spectra of diamond standards of Gemological Institute of America (GIA) were measured to develop and standardize the methodology by utilizing nitrogen based vacancies. Data on platelet peak position and its width were analysed for a possible correlation with the colour grade. Platelet peak position data obtained from IR spectra gave a good correlation with colour grade upto grade L. For the grades E to M, data fitted well to both quadratic (R2 = 0.92 ± 0.02) and linear equations (R2 = 0.91 ± 0.01). Using peak position fit, colour grades of 336 diamonds were evaluated and compared with visual grades that were determined by the graders of Gemmological Institute of India (GII) and results are discussed. Absorbance of N3 Peak (415 nm) in the visible region also gave a good correlation with colour grading. Colour grades of diamonds referred as test samples were determined using UV data and the results are encouraging. Therefore, it appears feasible to develop an instrumental methodology for colour grading of type-Ia diamonds based on only absorption measurements in the visible region.
Temperature-dependent photoluminescence from nanostructured silicon: role of quantum confined band states and interfacial defects
Authors: Basu Shayari , Ghanta Ujjwal , Khan Saddam , Pramanik Manotosh , Rajalingam Thangavel , Pal Bipul , Syed Minhaz Hossain 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

There are long-standing conflicting reports concerning the origin of strong visible photoluminescence (PL) observed in surface-oxidized nanostructured silicon. Though different competitive radiative recombination pathways involving intrinsic band states and oxide-related interfacial defects/traps mutually contribute to efficient PL emission, their individual role is still not well conceived. Temperature-dependent (\(5-350 K\)) PL measurements on nanostructured silicon with different crystallite size enable us to assign three distinct recombination channels comprising band-to-band, band-to-trap and trap-to-trap transitions to multiple emission bands appearing in the convoluted broad PL spectrum. At lower temperatures \((⪅ 225 K)\), the peaks originated from band-assisted transitions exhibit a nearly linear blue spectral shift following redshift at higher temperatures while the peak energy solely associated to trap involved transitions, increases monotonically almost at a constant rate throughout the experimental range of temperature. The temperature coefficients \(\alpha\) of the peak energy for the blue shifting region of the band-assisted transitions are found to show strong power law dependence \(\left( \alpha ={\alpha }_{0}+\frac{B}{{a}^{n}} \right)\) on the effective crystallite size \(\left(a\right)\)characterized by distinct values of the exponents\(\left(n\right)\). We have also presented a general analytical model for finite systems with separable pseudo-potential for obtaining carrier recombination dynamics within all possible recombination channels to assess their relative contribution in PL. The theoretical findings agree well with the experimentally obtained values of the power-law exponents\(\left(n\right)\). This study provides a novel approach to qualitatively differentiate between the radiative recombination channels involving quantum confined band-edge states and size independent defect states in nanostructured silicon.
Study on Phenotypic Variation and Diversity of Natural Polyspora Populations at Different Environmental Gradient, China
Authors: Gong Maiyu , Fan Zhifeng , Ma Changle , Yang Jianxin , Wang Lijuan , Den Lilan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Polyspora pertains to Theaceae. It is a perennially green tree or shrub, flowering in winter. It served as an exceptional species of garden, mountain afforestation, and timber tree. It is primarily distributed in the tropical regions of Southeast Asian Islands and Indo-China Peninsula; eight varieties are spread across China, which is the northern periphery of the genus's distribution area, chiefly dispersed in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests. The phenotypic variability of Polyspora in China was relatively extensive, with leaf traits of Polyspora longicarpa exhibiting the most substantial variation, with an average coefficient of variation of 28.46%, flower characteristics of Polyspora chrysandra demonstrating a higher variation (16.26%), and capsule and seed traits of Polyspora displaying the most significant variation (20.15%); the phenotypic differentiation primarily originated from intergroups, and that of Polyspora chrysandra was slightly lower than that of intragroups, and that of Polyspora speciosa was not significantly distinguished between and within groups. The phenotypic differentiation between and within groups was not evident, and the phenotypic differentiation of Polyspora longicarpa and Polyspora hainanensis primarily originated from within groups; leaf length, leaf perimeter, leaf area, capsule length, and seed quality were the pivotal indicators of the phenotypic disparities of the species; leaf phenotypic variation of Polyspora was influenced by its own genetic factors and geographic environment, and the two roles were comparable; among the environmental factors, the bioclimatic factors and UV radiation had a more profound impact on the leaf phenotypes.
Geochemical Distribution Characteristics of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Elements in Soils, and a Soil-Fertility Evaluation for Chuxiong Prefecture, Central Yunnan
Authors: ba yong , yang minglong , chen weizhi , zhang ya , zhu zhiping , li zihui , hou zheng , wang haoyu , wen fangping , qian kun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

To identify spatial characteristics of soil fertility in Chuxiong Prefecture, central Yunnan, soil contents of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) are reported in a systematic geochemical investigation. Average concentrations of these elements throughout this region are 1.16 g/kg (N), 0.597 g/kg (P), and 17.853 g/kg (K). A comparison of element concentrations from the surface to deeper soils, and in rocks, suggests that N and P in surface soils mainly emigrate into them, and K mainly immigrates from them. Soils throughout Chuxiong Prefecture are mostly medium-fertile; only one-third of the area has rich soil. These findings provide a scientific basis on which nutrients, fertilization, and agricultural cultivation in Chuxiong Prefecture, and to highland agriculture in general, can be more rationally utilized or planned for development.
Modular Integrated Construction Detection Algorithm for Optimized YOLOv8
Authors: Liu Xinqi , Liao Longlong , Zhou Weifeng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Detecting module components at the factory is crucial for safety monitoring, quality control, and productivity enhancement. However, traditional detection methods are not cost-effective and also lack real-time performance. To address these challenges, this study proposes an improved YOLOv8 modular integrated construction detection algorithm, introducing the construction of a small object-YOLO that optimizes the YOLOv8 model by replacing the basic module with a new cross-stage partial network fusion module. In contrast, this module uses deformable convolution Networks v2 to handle geometric variations of objects and focus on relevant image regions. Additionally, the Wise-IoU strategy reduces the competitiveness of high-quality anchor boxes and harmful gradients generated by low-quality examples. The Multi-Head self-attention further improves detection accuracy by capturing the relationship between the image and important objects, making it more suitable for the modular integrated construction dataset. As construction images are often taken from a top or bird's-eye view, small objects can be difficult to detect. Therefore, this algorithm introduces a small object algorithm to enhance the model's ability to detect small objects. Experimental results demonstrate that the improved YOLOv8 model that effectively identifies moving objects. Compared to the original YOLOv8 model, the improved model achieves a 4.4% increase in mAP and a 4.3% increase in F1 score while reducing parameters by 54.05% and GFLOPs by 55.39%. The proposed algorithm will be a reference for automatic detection methods of modular integrated construction at the factory.
Dynamic Residual Bandwidth Distribution Based on Adaptive Chaotic Q-Learning for Low-Latency Communications in IoT Gateways
Authors: Chakour Imane , akraoui Bouchra El , Daoui Cherki , Baslam Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Efficiently managing networks is crucial for handling the increasing data flow in IoT devices. IoT gateways act as intermediaries between devices and cloud servers, managing data transfer. Effective bandwidth management is key to ensuring smooth data movement through these gateways. However, current methods struggle to adapt to different needs, especially during peak usage periods. To address these challenges, our article introduces a new method that combines smart bandwidth management with a reinforcement learning algorithm. Our idea is to utilize unused bandwidth to enhance network performance without incurring extra costs. We propose specific strategies for allocating bandwidth to different types of connections. Additionally, our proposed Chaotic Q-learning algorithm integrates the-Chaotic Greedy Selection Strategy to dynamically optimize band-width allocation. Experimental analysis demonstrates the superior performance of our proposed algorithm. The-Chaos-Greedy strategy requires fewer iterations (15 vs. 25 for-Greedy) and achieves higher rewards. Moreover, Chaotic Q-learning (CQL) achieves higher throughput (80 Mbps vs. 70 Mbps for Q-learning) with reduced packet loss (2.5% vs. 5.5%), lower latency (35 ms vs. 45 ms), and higher fairness (0.90 vs. 0.78 fairness index). Furthermore, the bifurcation diagram generated by CQL sheds light on network resource allocation dynamics and aids in studying system stability, crucial for optimizing performance.
Assessment of Willingness to Receive COVID-19 Vaccine and Associated Factors among Teachers in Dambi Dollo Town, Qellem Wallaga Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia: Institution-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Shiferaw Desalegn , Melaku Chara , Assefa Lamessa , Kinati Tadele 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
COVID-19 devastated the routine life of all humankind since its discovery in Wuhan, China in 2019 and is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) infections. Vaccination is an effective means for controlling the communicability of the disease and every effort has to be made to increase the proportion of vaccinated people against COVID-19.
Objective
The main objective of this study was to assess the willingness of teachers to receive the COVID-19 vaccine and its associated factors in Dambi Dollo town, in 2022.
Methods
School-based cross-sectional study design was applied. The data were collected self-administered questionnaire and analysed by SPSS version 23.0. Variables that showed association with the dependent variable in the bivariate analyses at 0.25 were entered into multiple stepwise logistic regression model. P- Value 0.05 was considered statistically significant in this study. Adjusted Odds ratios together with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were used to interpret the findings.
Results
About 92% of the teachers in Dambi Dollo town have heard covid-19 vaccine and 67.2% of them know that the vaccine can prevent the COVID-19 disease. On the other hand, 51%( 95%CI: 44.8, 57.2) of the respondents had good knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccine. From the total 247 participants who have responded to our inquiry on their willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, 68.4% (95%CI: 62.5, 74.3) of them were willing to receive the vaccine immediately while the remaining were either not willing or not ready at the time of data collection. Those participants having good knowledge of the vaccine were about six times more willing to get vaccinated, (AOR = 5.85, 95%CI: 2.74, 12.47) in comparison with those having poor knowledge of the vaccine.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the level of willingness to receive the COVID-19 Vaccine was 68.4% relatively low in the current study population and participants’ religion and knowledge status are the two variables significantly associated with willingness to receive the vaccine.
Can Wheel Polishers Improve Surface Properties and Color Stability of Monochromatic Resin Composites?
Authors: Turkun Lezize Sebnem , Canevi Cankut , Degirmenci Alperen , Boyacioglu Hayal 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
To investigate the surface roughness, gloss, and color change of monochromatic resin composites polished with wheel systems after being immersed in coffee.
Materials and Methods
Omnichroma, Zenchroma, Essentia Universal, Charisma Diamond One and NeoSpectra ST were used to obtain 24-disc samples/group. Only one side of the sample was polished with Twist Dia (TWD) or Nova Twist (NOV). The samples were examined for surface roughness, gloss, and color (ΔE and ΔE00) before and after 7 days of immersion in coffee and subsequent repolishing. The discs were examined via SEM. ANOVA, Tukey’s test, Pearson’s correlation test, T-tests, and Dunnett’s post-hoc test were used to analyze the data.
Results
For TWD groups, the smoothest material was Omnichroma (p < 0.05), while for NOV groups, the smoothest material was Omnichroma and Zenchroma. Omnichroma was the glossiest, while Charisma Diamond One was the least glossy. Similarly, in the TWD groups, Charisma Diamond One and Essentia Universal were the most discolored, while Zenchroma and Omnichroma were the least discoloured. Similarly, for the NOV groups, Essentia Universal and Charisma Diamond One were the most discolored, while NeoSpectra ST, Omnichroma and Zenchroma were the least discoloured. After repolishing, Charisma Diamond One did not reach the level of ΔE < 2, while the other groups showed values below. Color evaluation with the CIELab and CIEDE2000 systems revealed similar results for the TWD groups after post-staining.
Conclusions
Smooth and glossy surfaces could be achieved with the wheel system regardless of the composite resin. Repolishing after discoloration ensures that the color recovery is below the acceptable limit. Color evaluations with CIELab and CIEDE2000 yielded similar results.