bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La agroindustria: una visión desde la auditoría ambiental
Authors: Gama Diaz Luis E. , Guarnizo Cuellar Fabio , Mogollón Pita Gerardo 
Published: October 2015

<p>El concepto de auditoría ambiental (aa) sirve para medir y evaluar las consecuencias e impactos que tiene el desarrollo de una actividad empresarial, bien sea agrícola, industrial o de servicios, sobre el entorno; de la misma manera,identifica, prevé e interpreta los efectos que origina sobre los recursos naturales el desarrollo de dicha actividad.<br />Debido a que la agroindustria hace uso de recursos entregados por la agricultura, la actividad forestal y la pesca,transformándolos mediante el uso de métodos industriales, con base en procesos tecnológicos, que en muchas ocasiones llegan a impactar de manera negativa el entorno medioambiental, una aa se hace necesaria para medir y evaluar si las organizaciones cuentan con un adecuado sistema de gestión ambiental, de tal manera que cumpla con la normatividad sobre el medio ambiente; con el fin de buscar e implantar controles y correctivos adecuados, que mitiguen y eviten incurrir en pasivos ambientales.<br />El objetivo general fue crear un sistema de información para el modelo de aa aplicado a la agroindustria, y el tipo de investigación es documental por cuanto recopila, analiza y apropia información sobre la normatividad contable, de<br />auditoría y de ética, que se relaciona con el quehacer de un auditor ambiental; para esto, el Grupo creó una herramienta que le permite sistematizar cada una de las fases que debe abarcar una auditoría de este tipo; dicha herramienta,<br />además, almacena y procesa la información obtenida, emitiendo informes sobre hallazgos por el no cumplimiento de la norma.<br />Palabras clave: agroindustria, auditoría ambiental, impacto ambiental, medio ambiente.</p>
Epidurals: Do They or Don’t They Increase Cesareans?
Authors: Goer Henci 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThe controversy over whether epidurals increase the risk of cesarean has raged since the 1970s. This article provides a history of of the early observational research designed to answer this question and an in-depth analysis of the most recent randomized control trials. Based on the research, the author concludes that we cannot assure women that epidurals do not increase the risk of cesarean.
The Roadmap to Breastfeeding Success: Teaching Child Development to Extend Breastfeeding Duration
Authors: Tedder Jan 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTAlthough medical literature establishes the benefits of, recommendations for, and variables impacting breastfeeding duration, the belief that her baby is not satisfied causes many women to abandon breastfeeding. Infant behaviors commonly misinterpreted as breastfeeding problems include increased crying, hard to calm, difficult to wake up, “restless” sleeping, frequent awakenings at night, or seemingly inattentive to or uninterested in his or her mother.The Roadmap to Breastfeeding Successis an evidence-based, clinical project that integrates best practices in lactation support with child development theory. Using family-friendly concepts and language,The Roadmapto Breastfeeding Successgives childbirth, lactation, and early parenting professionals background information and innovative resources to help mothers meet their breastfeeding goals, thus promoting the health and well-being of mothers, babies, families, and communities.
Technology Evolution Brings a New Step in Efficiency, Unlocks New Opportunities for Drilling Extended Laterals in the Samburgskoye Field
Authors: Kretsul V. , Dymov S. , Dobrokhleb P. , Milenkiy A. , Tarasov O. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Drilling optimization and drilling time reduction is a challenging and crucial task for many operators and service providers.
This paper describes how multidiscipline team of drilling contractor and service provider have maximized drilling performance and significantly reduced drilling time in the Valanginian horizontal wells at the Samburgskoye field in the northern part of Western Siberia by adopting a new technology and employing engineered drilling system (EDS) approach.
Commercial hydrocarbon production in the Samburgskoye field started in April 2012 by putting two gas treatment trains into operation. A launch of the third train was rescheduled from 2015 to the 2014 to accelerate field production. Updated drilling plan required to drill long sidetrack horizontals on oilfield from small rigs with limited capabilities where use of a conventional rotary steerable technology was restrained. New generation of rotary steerable technology and drill bits that specially designed for the specific technology and application were used to achieve objectives for drilling campaign. Drilling fluid properties were optimized to fit the desired equivalent circulation density and for formation damage control.
The latest development of a motorized push-the-bit rotary steerable system (RSS) enabled the drilling contractor to achieve more than 1300 m of meterage drilled in a 50-hour period on a sidetrack well – longest horizontal sidetrack on the oilfield. Use of the custom-designed engineered drilling system based on the recently developed RSS increased efficiency and resulted in significant monetary savings by reducing well construction time by an average of 25 days. Results for daily meterage showed increase by 300% and mechanical speed by 400% comparing to average results achieved previously on oilfield with conventional bottom hole assemblies. Implementation of the EDS approach led to unique results enabling use of new technologies on variety of rigs where it was not possible to explore the benefits of RSS technology before and drill to planned total depth in harsh drilling environment with high levels of downhole torsional vibrations.
This paper will describe how multidisciplinary well design and construction team addressed challenges in drilling of Valaginian horizontal wells in the Samburg field, North of Western Siberia. Achieved results of new approach for complex technical projects will be presented and other distinctive features of recently developed RSS systems will be described.
Drillbit Optimization System: Real-Time Approach to Enhance Rate of Penetration and Bit Wear Monitoring
Authors: Valisevich Alexey , Ruzhnikov Alexey , Bebeshko Ivan , Moreno Ricardo , Zhentichka Maxim , Bits Smith 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
While performing extended-reach drilling (ERD) offshore in the northern Caspian Sea, an operator required a new methodology to increase operating efficiency and reduce cost. With all modern downhole tools in place, it was necessary to use a system that allowed managing drilling parameters that directly affect rock failure at the bottom of a wellbore as well as bit performance. As a solution, a real-time drillbit optimization system was utilized to enhance the rate of penetration (ROP), decrease the bit wear while drilling, and ensure maximum length of runs.
The main objective for implementing the drillbit optimization system was minimizing the human factor related to choosing operating parameters. The process started with offset well analysis, which helped identify weight on bit (WOB), revolutions per minute (RPM), flow rate, bit wear, and rock properties in relation to ROP. Based on performed analysis, the artificial neural network (ANN) was built for specific bits for every section of the well for the purpose of optimal WOB and RPM determination. Then, the recommended parameters were transmitted to the rig during execution, allowing the driller to make necessary changes on the fly to achieve optimized ROP. As a final step, based on post well analysis, the adjustment of the incoming parameters in the neural network was done for future improvement. The drillbit optimization system recommendations helped to increase ROP minimum by 6%.
Digital Information Systems Creation for Optimization of Complex Geotechnical Jobs Programs Formation Process for JSC Gazprom Neft Oilfields
Authors: Sitnikov Aleksandr , Pustovskikh Alexey , Asmandiyarov Rustam , Gilmanov Rustem , Sheremeev Aleksandr , Zulkarniev Rustem 
Published: October 2015

Summary
JSC Gazprom Neft ("the Company") launched an IT project in 2014 aimed at the optimization of comprehensive Well Intervention (WI) programs. Once created, those digital systems will bring the process to a new level of quality delivering the following results: Regulatory and procedural documents for the selection of candidate wells for WI, i.e., – HFC, ST, HST with MSHFC, and CUH have been updated for best practices, e.g., potential well conditions and WI application criteria/risks have been identified, and algorithms developed, for the calculation of flow rate potential, and WI candidate rating system has been set up. WI Program Development Standard has been updated.A web-based digital "WI Selection" system has been developed which uses cross-field databases to promptly select WI candidates based on the developed process document and to obtain well rating for WI across fields.A web-based "WI Agreement" system has been developed, which uses updated standard processes as the basis to have the WI's calculated in "WI Selection" agreed among specialists in charge, and to maintain the databases of approved WI's. The contemporary evaluation of the potential regarding WI quantity and efficiency with a field-by-field breakdown allows one to optimize the development of WI programs and focus on the most successful candidates, and thus, ensure target performance against WI Program keeping the costs down, as well as to develop an additional WI Program if relevant reserves are available.
Methods of Research for the Development of Spontaneous Growth of Induced Fractures During Flooding in Low Permeability Reservoirs
Authors: Davletbaev A. , Asalkhuzina G. , Ivaschenko D. , Fedorov A. , Fursov G. , Nazargalin E. , Slabetsky A. , Sergeychev A. , Yamalov I. , Valeeva E. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Development of low-permeability reservoirs leads to intensive flooding at high pressure injection. The induced fracture length extends when the injection pressure exceeds the formation fracturing pressure. In a number of cases, the length of induced fracture can reach 1000 m and even more. This results in high water-cut in adjacent producers. Moreover, during sidetracking, repeated fracturing, drilling a new hydraulically fractured directional or horizontal well, etc., a high pressure in the producer and a high water-cut can arise. It can be due to the spontaneous fracturing from neighboring wells as well as from injectors of adjacent elements of field development system. Thus, the number of injectors, which could potentially lead to the high water-cut / the high pressure in the well, is quite large.
In order to find such injector, interference tests, dynamic data analysis (correlation of injection rate, production rate, and water-cut) should be carried out as well as data analysis during the steady-state injection tests in the adjacent injectors. The advantages and disadvantages of the methods, as well as the matrix of the step-by-step application of methods are discussed in the paper. Furthermore, the trajectory of spontaneous fracturing is simulated using the geomechanical simulator, which is implemented in the geomechanical module ("RN-KIN"). It can be useful for interference tests when it is necessary to identify the most likely candidate wells for the rating, and find the optimal set of priority active injectors. This helps one to reduce the number of wells in the research program that leads to the reduction of losses in the injection/production. Thus, the proposed approach can significantly reduce the cost and losses in the injection/production during the interference-tests.
Autonomous ICD Well Performance Completed With Intelligent Inflow Tracer Technology in the Yuri Korchagin Field in Russia
Authors: Semikin Dmitry , Senkov Alexander , Surmaev Albert , Prusakov Alexey , Leung Edmund 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The first extended reach horizontal well installed with autonomous ICD (AICD) technology has been deployed by Lukoil in a heterogeneous thin oil rim reservoir with a large gas cap located in the North region of the Caspian sea. The Yuri Korchagin field development has been challenging for geosteering to remain in the thin net pay, for the completion engineers to get planned tallies to TD, for reservoir engineers to minimize risk of rapid increase in GOR after several days of production. To address the later challenge, passive ICD's (PICD) have been trialled with limited success to mitigate gas production from the overlying gas cap and therefore an AICD lower completion was specifically chosen to delay and mitigate gas coning. The gas sensitive completion component reacts to viscosity differences between fluids, essentially choking the more mobile gas autonomously by reducing the flow area due to higher gas production in the local vicinity of where gas breakthrough is occurring. AICDs have been run by other operators and the success criteria has seen a reduction in GOR relative to other wells installed with PICDs but knowing where the gas breakthrough is occurring and is being choked back could not be identified. Traditional permanent monitoring technology and production logs were considered too risky and costly. Distributed temperature sensing may have been ideal to identify gas breakthrough location but was considered prohibitive due to the need to rotate the completion string to reach TD. Running coil tubing conveyed PLTs periodically required medium term planning to schedule the intervention due to active drilling activity on the platform. Moreover, the need for tractors, often failed to reach the toe of the well where it is most critical to verify flow contributions in typically 7000 mMD extended reach wells. A relatively new monitoring technology was identified, that overcame the mentioned installation and intervention challenges by installing intelligent downhole chemical sensors in the drainage area of the sand screens during the manufacturing phase. The sensors can be placed in discrete locations from heel to toe to meeting the Lukoil monitoring objectives of providing flow profiles, identifying the location of gas breakthrough and if the AICD actually chokes gas over time. By obtaining surface samples, analyzing for unique chemical tracers and interpreting their corresponding tracer signals created by well transients and during steady state production. This paper will discuss the first well installation of its kind in Russia and in the world, to be equipped with integrated autonomous inflow control and monitoring technology with no cables to control flow, nor power to operate the devices.
Proactive Block-Factor Analysis of Oil Field Development
Authors: Sitnikov A. N. , Pustovskikh A. A. , Margarit A. S. , Akhmetov A. V. , Naugolnov M. V. , Kozhevnikov E. A. , Savelev O. Yu. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This paper concentrates on integrated approach to perform block-factor analysis of oil field development. Particularly a simple and effective method of monitoring of oil field development is proposed. This method permits not only to detect the reasons of production decline and find out problematic wells, but also to forecast the development parameters of oil field, its sections, blocks and cells (elements of waterflooding system).
The commonly used method of block-factor analysis is taken as a basis. This approach is strongly worked over, revised and automatized by the development of an integrated program module in VBA programming package. In this paper principles of dividing the oil field into blocks are substantiated, an approach to forecast the liquid production and reservoir pressure is developed, a method of evaluation of the recovery factor, recoverable reserves and oil production forecast using the adjusted displacement water-into-oil curve model is proved. The mathematic base of program module consists of physical processes of oil field development, particularly, models of material balance, filtration equations and PVT-correlations. The realization of this approach come down to sequential performance of following actions: adaptation of material balance model, including the adaptation of PVT-parameters and the definition of timeout value of production response to injection, adaptation of modificated El-Khatib model using real displacement characteristic, forecast and retro-forecast of main parameters of oil field development. The forecast of reservoir pressure permits to calculate the target injection (compensation) level to maintain the required reservoir condition. A block rating approach is developed in order to define the most problematic sections of oil field that require operations to improve the development system effectiveness.
A special attention is paid to factor analysis performance. Influence of well stock change, operating factor variation, variation of watercut, liquid rate, reservoir and bottom-hole pressure, well productivity (skin factor) are considered. Factor analysis combining with adjusted displacement curve provides an opportunity to divide oil rate loss by reasons of natural and forward watercut growth.
Using of improved approach for oil field development monitoring permits not only to reduce the labor inputs, that are essential for analysis, but to improve the quality of work, to connect the aspects of exploitation of different field areas with geological conditions. It also assists to organize justified and well-timed recommendations to perform workover program, waterflooding system control and to achieve project oil production levels overall.
Comparative Study of Hulled (Einkorn, Emmer, and Spelt) and Naked Wheats (Durum and Bread Wheat): Agronomic Performance and Quality Traits
Authors: Longin C. F. H. , Ziegler J. , Schweiggert R. , Koehler P. , Carle R. , Würschum T. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTEinkorn (Triticum monococcum L.), emmer (T. dicoccum L.), and spelt (T. spelta L.) are old‐world hulled wheat crops currently receiving renewed interest of consumers, bakers, millers, and farmers. Our objectives were to (i) compare einkorn, emmer, and spelt with bread (T. aestivum L.) and durum wheat (T. durum L.) regarding their main agronomic and quality traits, (ii) elaborate the heritability and correlation among these traits across the wheat species, and (iii) draw conclusions about optimized farming and processing practices for einkorn, emmer, and spelt. For this purpose, field trials were conducted at four diverse German locations, where 15 recent varieties were grown for each wheat species. Mean grain yields of spelt, emmer, and einkorn were 37, 55, and 62% lower than that of bread wheat. Furthermore, einkorn, emmer, and spelt plants were 30 cm taller than bread and durum wheat. Consequently, to avoid lodging, farmers should aim at reducing the plant height of hulled wheats. Despite their high protein content, the protein quality of hulled wheat determined as sedimentation volume was low from a classical bread wheat point of view. However, adapting classical baking procedures enables the production of high quality breads from einkorn, emmer, and spelt in addition to the development of alternative products like breakfast cereals or excellent specialty breads.
Pain control in orthodontics using a micropulse vibration device: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Lobre Wendy D. , Callegari Brent J. , Gardner Gary , Marsh Curtis M. , Bush Anneke C. , Dunn William J. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To investigate the relationship between a micropulse vibration device and pain perception during orthodontic treatment.

Materials and Methods:
This study was a parallel group, randomized clinical trial. A total of 58 patients meeting eligibility criteria were assigned using block allocation to one of two groups: an experimental group using the vibration device or a control group (n  =  29 for each group). Patients used the device for 20 minutes daily. Patients rated pain intensity on a visual analog scale at appropriate intervals during the weeks after the separator or archwire appointment. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance at α  =  .05.

Results:
During the 4-month test period, significant differences between the micropulse vibration device group and the control group for overall pain (P  =  .002) and biting pain (P  =  .003) were identified. The authors observed that perceived pain was highest at the beginning of the month, following archwire adjustment.

Conclusion:
The micropulse vibration device significantly lowered the pain scores for overall pain and biting pain during the 4-month study period.
Spinal intraarterial chemotherapy: interim results of a Phase I clinical trial
Authors: Patsalides Athos , Yamada Yoshiya , Bilsky Mark , Lis Eric , Laufer Ilya , Gobin Yves Pierre 
Published: October 2015

OBJECT
Despite advances in therapies using radiation oncology and spinal oncological surgery, there is a subgroup of patients with spinal metastases who suffer from progressive or recurrent epidural disease and remain at risk for neurological compromise. In this paper the authors describe their initial experience with a novel therapeutic approach that consists of intraarterial (IA) infusion of chemotherapy to treat progressive spinal metastatic disease.

METHODS
The main inclusion criterion was the presence of progressive, metastatic epidural disease to the spine causing spinal canal compromise in patients who were not candidates for the standard treatments of radiation therapy and/or surgery. All tumor histological types were eligible for this trial. Using the transfemoral arterial approach and standard neurointerventional techniques, all patients were treated with IA infusion of melphalan in the arteries supplying the epidural tumor. The protocol allowed for up to 3 procedures repeated at 3- to 6-week intervals. Outcome measures included physiological measures: 1) periprocedural complications according to the National Cancer Institute’s Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events; and 2) MRI to assess for tumor response.

RESULTS
Nine patients with progressive spinal metastatic disease and cord compression were enrolled in a Phase I clinical trial of selective IA chemotherapy. All patients had metastatic disease from solid organs and were not candidates for further radiation therapy or surgery. A total of 19 spinal intraarterial chemotherapy (SIAC) procedures were performed, and the follow-up period ranged from 1 to 7 months (median 3 months). There was 1 serious adverse event (febrile neutropenia). Local tumor control was seen in 8 of 9 patients, whereas tumor progression at the treated level was seen in 1 patient.

CONCLUSIONS
These preliminary results support the hypothesis that SIAC is feasible and safe.
Professor Maliyasena Dhammadasa Dassanayake: A Felicitation to an Illustrious Teacher and Botanist of Our Time
Authors: Gunatilleke Savitri , Jayasuriya Magdon , Gunatilleke Nimal 
Published: October 2015

No abstract available Ceylon Journal of Science (Bio. Sci.) 44 (1) : i-iv, 2015
Sublimation and the Übermensch
Authors: Phillips Luke 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT
The demand for sublimation of one's primitive and “evil” instincts plays a crucial role in Nietzsche's ethics. But prominent misreadings of Nietzsche's concept of sublimation have led to errors in interpreting his view of the highest type of man. I argue that Nietzsche's view of sublimation is that it is the elevation of the objects of a drive through reinterpretation or reimagining them in such a way that the attainment of these new objects achieves a greater potency of expression for the drive while retaining its intrinsic aims. I also clarify the function of sublimation in his ethics.