bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High probability of healing without amputation of plantar forefoot ulcers in patients with diabetes
Authors: Örneholm Hedvig , Apelqvist Jan , Larsson Jan , Eneroth Magnus 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTDiabetic foot ulcer is an important entity which in many cases is the first serious complication in diabetes. Although a plantar forefoot location is common, there are few studies on larger cohorts and in such studies there is often a combination of various types of ulcer and ulcer locations. The purpose of this study is to discern the outcome of plantar forefoot ulcers and their specific characteristics in a large cohort. All patients (n = 770), presenting with a plantar forefoot ulcer at a multidisciplinary diabetes foot clinic from January 1, 1983 to December 31, 2012 were considered for the study. Seven hundred one patients (median age 67 [22–95]) fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were followed according to a preset protocol until final outcome (healing or death). Severe peripheral vascular disease was present in 26% of the patients and 14% had evidence of deep infection upon arrival at the foot clinic. Fifty‐five percent (385/701) of the patients healed without foot surgery, 25% (173/701) healed after major debridement, 9% (60/701) healed after minor or major amputation and 12% (83/701) died unhealed. Median healing time was 17 weeks. An ulcer classified as Wagner grade 1 or 2 at inclusion and independent living were factors associated with a higher healing rate. Seventy‐nine percent of 701 patients with diabetes and a plantar forefoot ulcer treated at a multidisciplinary diabetes foot clinic healed without amputation. For one third some form of foot surgery was needed to achieve healing.
Active Transportation in Kingston, Ontario: An Analysis of Mode, Destination, Duration, and Season among Walkers and Cyclists
Authors: Collins Patricia A. , Mayer Daphne 
Published: June 2015

Background:Individuals that engage in active transportation (AT) have healthier weights and fitness levels. Most AT research has focused on work- or school-based destinations. Meanwhile, little is known about the differences between individuals that engage in the most common forms of AT—walking and cycling—and how these AT patterns vary by destination, duration, and season.Methods:We recruited 1400 randomly sampled adults (350 per season) in Kingston, Ontario, Canada to complete a cross-sectional telephone survey. The survey captured the prevalence, destinations, and duration of AT, and we examined the observed differences by mode.Results:The majority (72%) of respondents were AT-users; walking constituted 93% of overall mode share. Cyclists were more likely to be male, younger, and employed than walkers. Walkers tended to access neighborhood-based destinations, while cyclists were more likely to use AT to get to work. AT duration was comparable by mode, ranging from approximately 8 to 20 minutes. Overall rates of AT were lowest in the winter, but walking rates were reasonably high year-round.Conclusions:Beyond commuting to work and school, policy-makers and planners should consider the breadth of destinations accessed by different modes when aiming to increase physical activity through AT in their communities.
Participation in Types of Physical Activities among US Adults—National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2006
Authors: Dai Shifan , Carroll Dianna D. , Watson Kathleen B. , Paul Prabasaj , Carlson Susan A. , Fulton Janet E. 
Published: June 2015

Background:Information on specific types of physical activities in which US adults participate is important for community and program development to promote physical activity.Methods:Prevalence of participation and average time spent for 33 leisuretime aerobic activities and 10 activity categories were calculated using self-reported data from 22,545 participants aged ≥ 18 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2006.Results:Overall, 38% of US adults reported no leisure-time physical activities, and 43% reported 1 or 2 activities in the past 30 days. Walking was the most frequently reported activity for both men (29%) and women (38%). Among walkers, the average time spent walking was 198 minutes/week for men and 152 minutes/week for women. The most reported activities for men after walking were bicycling and yard work, and for women were aerobics and dance. For most activity categories, participation was lower among adults aged ≥ 65 years than among younger adults, and among Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic blacks than among non-Hispanic whites. Participation in most categories increased with increasing educational attainment.Conclusions:Participation in physical activity differs by types of activities and demographic characteristics. Physical activity promotion programs should take these differences into account when developing intervention strategies.
Survival of the fittest: retrospective cohort study of the longevity of Olympic medallists in the modern era
Authors: Clarke Philip M , Walter Simon J , Hayen Andrew , Mallon William J , Heijmans Jeroen , Studdert David M 
Published: June 2015

ObjectiveTo determine whether Olympic medallists live longer than the general population.DesignRetrospective cohort study, with passive follow-up and conditional survival analysis to account for unidentified loss to follow-up.Setting and participants15 174 Olympic athletes from nine country groups (United States, Germany, Nordic countries, Russia, United Kingdom, France, Italy, Canada, and Australia and New Zealand) who won medals in the Olympic Games held in 1896–2010. Medallists were compared with matched cohorts in the general population (by country, age, sex, and year of birth).Main outcome measuresRelative conditional survival.ResultsMore medallists than matched controls in the general population were alive 30 years after winning (relative conditional survival 1.08,95% confidence interval 1.07 to1.10). Medallists lived an average of2.8 years longer than controls. Medallists in eight of the nine country groups had a significant survival advantage compared with controls. Gold, silver, and bronze medallists each enjoyed similar sized survival advantages. Medallists in endurance sports and mixed sports had a larger survival advantage over controls at 30 years (1.13, 1.09 to 1.17; 1.11,1.09 to 1.13) than that of medallists in power sports (1.05,1.01 to 1.08).ConclusionsOlympic medallists live longer than the general population, irrespective of country, medal, or sport. This study was not designed to explain this effect, but possible explanations include genetic factors, physical activity, healthy lifestyle, and the wealth and status that come with international sporting glory.
Meeting Report: Inaugural Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Symposium, Santa Barbara, CA, February 2015
Authors: Smith Jennifer A. , Benbow Sarah J. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is a common, dose-limiting side effect of cancer treatment. This conference was the first of its kind to bring together a wide range of clinicians, researchers, and industry professionals to address the potential causes, preventions, and treatments for this drug toxicity. Intraepidermal nerve fiber loss, axonal degeneration, immune cell infiltration, alterations in tubulin protein expression and microtubule stability, axonal transport, and mitochondrial dysfunction were addressed as possible mechanisms. Problems with animal models of the disease were discussed, as well as the potential of patient-derived induced sensory neurons to serve as a novel in vitro model. Cancer Res; 75(18); 3696–8. ©2015 AACR.
Genome Analysis of Latin American Cervical Cancer: Frequent Activation of the PIK3CA Pathway
Authors: Lou Hong , Villagran Guillermo , Boland Joseph F. , Im Kate M. , Polo Sarita , Zhou Weiyin , Odey Ushie , Juárez-Torres Eligia , Medina-Martínez Ingrid , Roman-Basaure Edgar , Mitchell Jason , Roberson David , Sawitzke Julie , Garland Lisa , Rodríguez-Herrera Maria , Wells David , Troyer Jennifer , Pinto Francisco Castillo , Bass Sara , Zhang Xijun , Castillo Miriam , Gold Bert , Morales Hesler , Yeager Meredith , Berumen Jaime , Alvirez Enrique , Gharzouzi Eduardo , Dean Michael 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Purpose: Cervical cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer mortality for women living in poverty, causing more than 28,000 deaths annually in Latin America and 266,000 worldwide. To better understand the molecular basis of the disease, we ascertained blood and tumor samples from Guatemala and Venezuela and performed genomic characterization.
Experimental Design: We performed human papillomavirus (HPV) typing and identified somatically mutated genes using exome and ultra-deep targeted sequencing with confirmation in samples from Mexico. Copy number changes were also assessed in the exome sequence.
Results: Cervical cancer cases in Guatemala and Venezuela have an average age of diagnosis of 50 years and 5.6 children. Analysis of 675 tumors revealed activation of PIK3CA and other PI3K/AKT pathway genes in 31% of squamous carcinomas and 24% of adeno- and adenosquamous tumors, predominantly at two sites (E542K, E545K) in the helical domain of the PIK3CA gene. This distribution of PIK3CA mutations is distinct from most other cancer types and does not result in the in vitro phosphorylation of AKT. Somatic mutations were more frequent in squamous carcinomas diagnosed after the age of 50 years. Frequent gain of chromosome 3q was found, and low PIK3CA mutation fractions in many tumors suggest that PI3K mutation can be a late event in tumor progression.
Conclusions: PI3K pathway mutation is important to cervical carcinogenesis in Latin America. Therapeutic agents that directly target PI3K could play a role in the therapy of this common malignancy. Clin Cancer Res; 21(23); 5360–70. ©2015 AACR.
miR-195 Inhibits Tumor Progression by Targeting RPS6KB1 in Human Prostate Cancer
Authors: Cai Chao , Chen Qing-Biao , Han Zhao-Dong , Zhang Yan-Qiong , He Hui-Chan , Chen Jia-Hong , Chen Yan-Ru , Yang Sheng-Bang , Wu Yong-Ding , Zeng Yan-Ru , Qin Guo-Qiang , Liang Yu-Xiang , Dai Qi-Shan , Jiang Fu-Neng , Wu Shu-lin , Zeng Guo-Hua , Zhong Wei-De , Wu Chin-Lee 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the involvement of hsa-miRNA-195-5p (miR-195) in progression and prognosis of human prostate cancer.
Experimental Design: qRT-PCR was performed to detect miR-195 expression in both prostate cancer cell lines and clinical tissue samples. Its clinical significance was statistically analyzed. The roles of miR-195 and its candidate target gene, ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70 kDa, polypeptide 1 (RPS6KB1) in prostate cancer progression were confirmed on the basis of both in vitro and in vivo systems.
Results: miR-195 downregulation in prostate cancer tissues was significantly associated with high Gleason score (P = 0.001), positive metastasis failure (P &lt; 0.001), and biochemical recurrence (BCR, P &lt; 0.001). Survival analysis identified miR-195 as an independent prognostic factor for BCR-free survival of prostate cancer patients (P = 0.022). Then, we confirmed the tumor suppressive role of miR-195 through prostate cancer cell invasion, migration, and apoptosis assays in vitro, along with tumor xenograft growth, angiogenesis, and invasion in vivo according to both gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments. In addition, RPS6KB1 was identified as a novel direct target of miR-195 through proteomic expression profiling combined with bioinformatic target prediction and luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, the reexpression and knockdown of RPS6KB1 could respectively rescue and imitate the effects induced by miR-195. Importantly, RPS6KB1 expression was closely correlated with aggressive progression and poor prognosis in prostate cancer patients as opposed to miR-195. Furthermore, we identified MMP-9, VEGF, BAD, and E-cadherin as the downstream effectors of miR-195–RPS6KB1 axis.
Conclusion: The newly identified miR-195–RPS6KB1 axis partially illustrates the molecular mechanism of prostate cancer progression and represents a novel potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer treatment. Clin Cancer Res; 21(21); 4922–34. ©2015 AACR.
Epithelial PD-L2 Expression Marks Barrett's Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Derks Sarah , Nason Katie S. , Liao Xiaoyun , Stachler Matthew D. , Liu Kevin X. , Liu Jie Bin , Sicinska Ewa , Goldberg Michael S. , Freeman Gordon J. , Rodig Scott J. , Davison Jon M. , Bass Adam J. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma is an increasingly common disease with a dismal 5-year survival rate of 10% to 15%. In the first systematic evaluation of the PD-1 pathway in esophageal adenocarcinoma, we identify expression of PD-L2 in cancer cells in 51.7% of esophageal adenocarcinomas. Epithelial PD-L1 was expressed on only 2% of cases, although PD-L1+ immune cells were observed in 18% of esophageal adenocarcinomas. We also evaluated expression in the precursor lesion of esophageal adenocarcinoma, Barrett's esophagus, which emerges following gastric reflux–induced esophageal inflammation, and found PD-L2 expression in Barrett's esophagus but not in non–Barrett's esophagus esophagitis. Because the progression from squamous esophagitis to Barrett's esophagus is accompanied by a transition from a TH1 to TH2 immune response, we hypothesized that the TH2 cytokines IL4/IL13 could contribute to PD-L2 induction. We confirmed that these cytokines can augment PD-L2 expression in esophageal adenocarcinoma cell lines. These results suggest that the inflammatory environment in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma may contribute to the expression of PD-L2. Furthermore, the potential for PD-1 receptor blockade to be effective in esophageal adenocarcinomas with epithelial PD-L2 or immune cell PD-L1 expression should be evaluated in clinical trials. Cancer Immunol Res; 3(10); 1123–9. ©2015 AACR.
The Phonetic Realization of Devoiced Vowels in the Southern Ute Language
Authors: Oberly Stacey , Kharlamov Viktor 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In this article, we analyze the phonetic realizations of devoiced vowels from 8 fluent speakers of Southern Ute, a severely endangered Southern Numic Uto-Aztecan language spoken in Southwestern Colorado. Devoiced vowels are considered to be an important aspect of the phonology of Southern Ute, yet very little is known about the pronunciation of such segments. Our findings indicate that devoiced vowels are realized phonetically in three ways: (i) fully voiceless, (ii) partially devoiced, and (iii) fully reduced with concurrent lengthening, lower intensity and greater voicelessness of the preceding consonant. Such variable and noncategorical devoicing is seen for both high and nonhigh vowels and all consonants regardless of their manner of articulation.
ДО 75-РІЧЧЯ ВИДАТНОГО НАУКОВЦЯ
Authors: фармацевтичного університету колектив і студенти Національного 
Published: June 2015

<div><table width="313" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" height="176"><p class="1">Науково-педагогічна й академічна гро­мадськість, колектив і студенти Національного фармацевтичного університету, колеги, друзі, учні від щирого серця вітають відомого вчено­го, талановитого педагога, видатного організа­тора та реформатора вищої фармацевтичної освіти, невтомного ентузіаста і патріота фармації, який є яскравим прикладом відданого служін­ня інтересам освіти, науки, здоров’я людей, інте­ресам нашої славної України. </p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><br clear="ALL" /><br clear="ALL" />
Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients Without Severe Septal Hypertrophy
Authors: Patel Parag , Dhillon Ashwat , Popovic Zoran B. , Smedira Nicholas G. , Rizzo Jessica , Thamilarasan Maran , Agler Deborah , Lytle Bruce W. , Lever Harry M. , Desai Milind Y. 
Published: June 2015

Background—
In patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction, but without basal septal hypertrophy, we sought to identify mitral valve (MV) and papillary muscle (PM) abnormalities that predisposed to LVOT obstruction, using echo and cardiac magnetic resonance.

Methods and Results—

We studied 121 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (age, 49±17 years; 60% men; 57% on β-blockers) with a basal septal thickness of ≤1.8 cm who underwent echocardiography (rest+stress) and cine cardiac magnetic resonance. Echo measurements included maximal LVOT gradient (rest/provocable), MV leaflet length (parasternal long, 4 and 3-chamber views), and abnormal chordal attachment to mid/base of anterior MV. Cine cardiac magnetic resonance measurements included basal septal thickness, number/area of PM heads, and bifid PM mobility (in systole and diastole). Mean basal septal thickness, LVOT gradient, and LV ejection fraction were 1.5±0.3 cm, 72±54 mm Hg, and 61±6%, respectively. The number of anterolateral and posteromedial PM heads was 2.7±0.7 and 2.6±0.7, respectively. Anterolateral and posteromedial PM areas were 19.9±7 cm
2
and 17.1±6 cm
2
, respectively. PM mobility was 11±6°. On multivariable analysis, predictors of maximal LVOT gradient were basal septal thickness, bifid PM mobility, anterior mitral leaflet length, and abnormal chordal attachment to base of anterior mitral leaflet. Forty-five patients underwent surgery to relieve LVOT obstruction, of which 52% needed an additional nonmyectomy (MV repair/replacement or PM reorientation) approach.

Conclusions—
In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients without significant LV hypertrophy, in addition to basal septal thickness, anterior MV length, abnormal chordal attachment, and bifid PM mobility are associated with LVOT obstruction. In such patients, additional procedures on MV and PM (±myectomy) could be considered.
Dynamic Evolution of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Lesions in Patients With Minor Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Kate Mahesh P. , Riaz Parnian , Gioia Laura , Sivakumar Leka , Jeerakathil Thomas , Buck Brian , Beaulieu Christian , Butcher Kenneth 
Published: June 2015

Background and Purpose—
Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) lesion volume on magnetic resonance imaging is increasingly being used as a surrogate outcome measure in clinical trials. We aimed to characterize the evolution of DWI lesion volumes within 30 days of symptom onset after minor stroke.

Methods—
Minor stroke patients with DWI lesions on magnetic resonance imaging within 48 hours of symptom onset were prospectively followed with magnetic resonance imaging brain scan at 7 and 30 days. Change in the lesion volume was defined as the difference between day 30 Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery and baseline DWI lesion volumes.

Results—

Three patterns of infarct evolution were observed: reduction (72 [63%]), no change (26 [23%]), and growth (16 [14%]). Patients with infarct reduction at 30 days had larger baseline DWI lesion volumes (2.5 [0.9–8.5] mL) than those with stable infarcts (0.5 [0.3–0.9] mL;
P
=0.01). Complete DWI reversal at day 30, was seen in only 6 (5.3%) patients.

Conclusions—
The most common pattern of infarct evolution in patients with minor stroke is a reduction in volume, but complete resolution is uncommon.
Six-Year Experience With Endoscopic Thyroidectomy
Authors: Duke William S. , White Jennifer R. , Waller Jennifer L. , Terris David J. 
Published: June 2015

Background: Though minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy (MIVAT) offers many advantages over traditional thyroid surgery, its adoption in North America has been limited. This study analyzes the largest series of MIVAT in North America to explore its safety. Methods: A prospectively maintained database of all patients undergoing thyroid surgery by a single surgeon from 2003 to 2011 at an academic tertiary care medical center was evaluated. Demographic information, surgical and pathologic data, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. Results: Beginning in 2005, a total of 260 MIVATs were performed during the study period. Outpatient surgery was accomplished in 234 MIVATs (90%). MIVAT patients were predominantly young (46.8 ± 14.8 years vs 52.4 ± 14.6 years for conventional thyroidectomy) and female (88.5% vs 75.5% for conventional thyroidectomy). There were no cases of permanent hypoparathyroidism or permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve dysfunction. Observed complications included transient recurrent laryngeal nerve dysfunction (n = 10; 3.8%), cellulitis (n = 1; 0.4%), and temporary hypocalcemia (n = 6; 2.3%). The overall complication rate for MIVAT (6.5%) was lower than the overall complication rate in conventional thyroidectomy (18.5%, P < .0001). Conclusion: MIVAT can be performed safely with a low complication profile in a high-volume practice. The safety of MIVAT represented by this experience supports broader adoption across surgical practices.
Preoperative transarterial embolization using gelatin sponge for hypervascular bone and soft tissue tumors in the pelvis or extremities
Authors: Shimohira Masashi , Nagai Keiichi , Hashizume Takuya , Nakagawa Motoo , Ozawa Yoshiyuki , Sakurai Keita , Matsushita Yasushi , Yamada Satoshi , Otsuka Takanobu , Shibamoto Yuta 
Published: June 2015

Background Preoperative transcatheter arterial embolization for hypervascular bone and soft tissue tumors plays an important role in reducing intraoperative blood loss (IBL). Purpose To evaluate the use of a gelatin sponge in preoperative transcatheter arterial embolization for hypervascular bone and soft tissue tumors in the pelvis or extremities. Material and Methods Thirty-seven patients (21 men, 16 women; median age, 61 years; age range, 23–79 years) underwent preoperative transcatheter arterial embolization between April 2004 and January 2015. Medical records and images were reviewed, and the technical success rate, clinical success rate, and complications were evaluated. Technical success was defined as a devascularization rate of 75% or higher, and clinical success was defined as intraoperative blood loss (IBL) <1500 mL in cases undergoing surgery within 3 days of transarterial embolization and <3000 mL in cases operated 4 or more days later. Results Tumor sizes were in the range of 2.0–13.0 cm (median, 5.0 cm). The devascularization rate was decreased by >75% at follow-up angiography in all cases, and the technical success rate was 100 % (37/37). The median IBL was 491 mL (range, 30–3800 mL), and the clinical success rate was 89% (33/37). The minor complication of local pain was observed in 13 out of 37 cases (35%) during or after embolization, but was controllable by an analgesic. Conclusion Preoperative transarterial embolization using a gelatin sponge appears to be feasible and safe, and may contribute to decreasing IBL.
Impact of hydroxychloroquine on preterm delivery and intrauterine growth restriction in pregnant women with systemic lupus erythematosus: a descriptive cohort study
Authors: Leroux M , Desveaux C , Parcevaux M , Julliac B , Gouyon J-B , Dallay D , Pellegrin J-L , Boukerrou M , Blanco P , Lazaro E 
Published: June 2015

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) on fetal preterm delivery and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in a cohort of pregnant women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Over an 11-year period (January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2011), all women with SLE and admitted to deliver after 22 weeks of gestation to Bordeaux University Hospital (France), were retrospectively enrolled in the present study. The population was then split into two groups based on the treatment they received: HCQ exposed (HCQ+) versus HCQ non-exposed (HCQ−) group. Results 118 pregnancies were included, 41 in the HCQ+ group and 77 in the HCQ− group. The rate of adverse fetal outcome was significantly lower in the HCQ+ group ( p = 0.001), particularly in terms of preterm delivery, 15.8 % versus 44.2 % ( p = 0.006), and IUGR, 10.5 % versus 28.6 % ( p = 0.03). No adverse outcomes were reported in the HCQ+ group. Conclusion HCQ reduces neonatal morbidity in women with SLE by significantly decreasing the rate of prematurity and intrauterine growth restriction.