bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trabecular bone loss in collagen antibody-induced arthritis
Authors: Grahnemo Louise , Andersson Annica , Nurkkala-Karlsson Merja , Stubelius Alexandra , Lagerquist Marie K. , Svensson Mattias N. D. , Ohlsson Claes , Carlsten Hans , Islander Ulrika 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have increased risk of developing osteoporosis due to chronic inflammation and estrogen deprivation. Collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA), an experimental polyarthritis model representing the effector phase of arthritis, is mainly mediated by the innate immune system. Compared to the widely used collagen-induced arthritis model, CAIA is conveniently short and can be used in C57BL/6 mice, enabling studies with knock-out mice. However, the impact on bone of the CAIA model in C57BL/6 mice has not previously been studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if CAIA can be used to study postmenopausal arthritis-induced osteoporosis.

Methods
CAIA was induced by administration of collagen-type II antibodies and lipopolysaccharide to ovariectomized female C57BL/6J mice. Control mice received lipopolysaccharide, but no antibodies. Nine days later, femurs were collected for high-resolution micro-CT and histomorphometry. Serum was used to assess cartilage breakdown and levels of complement. Frequencies of immune cell subsets from bone marrow and lymph nodes were analyzed by flow cytometery.

Results
Trabecular bone mass was decreased and associated with increased number of osteoclasts per bone surface in the CAIA model. Also, the frequency of interleukin-17+ cells in lymph nodes was increased in CAIA.

Conclusion
The present study show that CAIA, a short reproducible arthritis model that is compatible with C57BL/6 mice, is associated with increased number of osteoclasts and trabecular bone loss.
Blind image quality assessment via semi-supervised learning and fuzzy inference
Authors: Lu Wen , Mei Ning , Gao Fei , He Lihuo , Gao Xinbo 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBlind image quality assessment(BIQA) is a challenging task due to the difficulties in extracting quality-aware features and modeling the relationship between the image features and the visual quality. Until now, most BIQA metrics available try to extract statistical features based on thenatural scene statistics(NSS) and build mapping from the features to the quality score using the supervised machine learning technique based on a large amount of labeled images. Although several promising metrics have been proposed based on the above methodology, there are two drawbacks of these algorithms. First, only the labeled images are adopted for machine learning. However, it has been proved that using unlabeled data in the training stage can improve the learning performance. In addition, these metrics try to learn a direct mapping from the features to the quality score. However, subjective quality evaluation would be rather a fuzzy process than a distinctive one. Equally, human beings tend to evaluate the quality of a given image by first judging the extents it belongs to “excellent,” “good,” “fair,” “bad,” and “poor,” and estimating the quality score subsequently, rather than directly giving an exact subjective quality score. To overcome the aforementioned problems, we propose a semi-supervised and fuzzy framework for blind image quality assessment, S2F2, in this paper. In the proposed framework, (1) we formulate the fuzzy process of subjective quality assessment by using fuzzy inference. Specially, we model the membership relation between the subjective quality score and the truth values it belongs to “excellent,” “good,” “fair,” “bad,” and “poor” using a Gaussian function, respectively; and (2) we introduce thesemi-supervised local linear embedding(SS-LLE) to learn the mapping function from the image features to the truth values using both the labeled and unlabeled images. In addition, we extract image features based on NSS since it has led to promising performances for image quality assessment. Experimental results on two benchmarking databases, i.e., the LIVE database II and the TID2008 database, demonstrate the effectiveness and promising performance of the proposed S2F2algorithm for BIQA.
Endotoxin tolerance in monocytes can be mitigated by α2-interferon
Authors: Shi Lihua , Song Li , Maurer Kelly , Sharp James , Zhang Zhe , Sullivan Kathleen E 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Endotoxin tolerance is characterized by diminished expression of inflammatory cytokines after sequential exposure to Toll-like receptor stimuli. Many mechanisms contribute to tolerance; however, chromatin remodeling appears to be the most significant regulator. The type II interferon, IFN-γ, has been recognized as being able to reverse or abrogate the establishment of tolerance. Type I interferons have not been investigated previously, and they bind a distinct receptor. We found that α2-interferon was able to abrogate or diminish tolerance by endotoxin, as defined by measuring mRNA levels at recognized tolerance targets. We also found that α2-interferon treatment during tolerization was associated with increased H3K4me3 and H3K4me2 levels at promoters of tolerance targets in THP1 cells. These marks were normalized after exposure of the cells to α2-interferon. Interferon regulatory factor 1 is a transcription factor activated and induced by types I and II interferons. We found recruitment of this transcription factor paralleled tolerance and inhibition of tolerance at target genes. Therefore, there are at least 2 distinct pathways by which endotoxin tolerance may be mitigated. A type I interferon, in spite of binding to a different receptor, was just as able to inhibit tolerance as the type II interferon and also appeared to act by modifying chromatin at tolerance target genes.
Intrinsic Charge Carrier Mobilities at Insulator–Semiconductor Interfaces Probed by Microwave-based Techniques: Studies with Liquid Crystalline Organic Semiconductors
Authors: Sakurai Tsuneaki , Tsutsui Yusuke , Choi Wookjin , Seki Shu 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The intrinsic, local-scale hole and electron mobilities at the interface between perylenediimide (PDI)-based liquid crystalline organic semiconductors and insulating polymers were evaluated by field-induced time-resolved microwave conductivity (FI-TRMC). The PDI liquid crystals having alkyl and semifluoroalkyl tails showed ambipolar hole and electron mobilities of 0.2 and 0.3 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively. In contrast, the PDI having triethylene glycol and semifluoroalkyl tails showed no significant conductivity, suggesting an important role of side chain structures on the charge transport properties. The FI-TRMC technique demonstrated here serves as a powerful tool to screen out the interfacial structure of liquid crystalline semiconductor materials.
Do Controle Interno ao Controle Social: A Múltipla Atuação da CGU na Democracia Brasileira
Authors: Loureiro Maria Rita , Abrucio Fernando Luiz , Olivieri Cecília , Teixeira Marco Antonio Carvalho 
Published: July 2015

O trabalho visa analisar a múltipla atuação da Controladoria Geral da União (CGU) dentro de nosso sistema político. Inicialmente centralizando o controle interno da administração pública federal, recentemente este órgão, além da defesa da legalidade pelo controle dos procedimentos, ampliou seu escopo para outras funções como o combate à corrupção, o monitoramento das políticas públicas, a promoção da transparência e, como aspecto mais inovador, tem desempenhado papel importante na mobilização da sociedade civil, capacitando-a para o exercício da função de controle social dos governantes. Assim, o texto argumenta que a atuação desse órgão representa mais uma experiência na história política do país em que aparatos burocráticos do Estado atuam com grande protagonismo. Mas cabe frisar sua novidade, advinda do novo contexto democrático, que é exatamente a combinação da indução estatal com uma forte articulação com a sociedade. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: controle interno; controle social; democracia participativa; transparência; accountability.ABSTRACTThe study aims to examine the multiple actions of the Controladoria Geral da União (CGU) within our political system. Initially centralizing the internal control of the Federal Government, recently this body, in addition to defending the legality of the procedures for control, expanded its scope to other functions such as combating corruption, the monitoring of public policies, the promotion of transparency and, as an aspect more innovative, have played an important role in mobilizing civil society, enabling it to exercise the function of social control of the rulers. Thus, the text argues that the role of this organ is more experience in the political history of the country in which the bureaucratic apparatus of the state act with great leadership. But we should emphasize its novelty, arising out of the new democratic context, which is exactly the combination of induction state with a strong connection with society.KEYWORDS: Auditing, social control, participatory democracy, transparency, accountability.
Intracellular Dynamics of the Ubiquitin-Proteasome-System
Authors: Chowdhury Maisha , Enenkel Cordula 
Published: July 2015

The ubiquitin-proteasome system is the major degradation pathway for short-lived proteins in eukaryotic cells. Targets of the ubiquitin-proteasome-system are proteins regulating a broad range of cellular processes including cell cycle progression, gene expression, the quality control of proteostasis and the response to geno- and proteotoxic stress. Prior to degradation, the proteasomal substrate is marked with a poly-ubiquitin chain. The key protease of the ubiquitin system is the proteasome. In dividing cells, proteasomes exist as holo-enzymes composed of regulatory and core particles. The regulatory complex confers ubiquitin-recognition and ATP dependence on proteasomal protein degradation. The catalytic sites are located in the proteasome core particle. Proteasome holo-enzymes are predominantly nuclear suggesting a major requirement for proteasomal proteolysis in the nucleus. In cell cycle arrested mammalian or quiescent yeast cells, proteasomes deplete from the nucleus and accumulate in granules at the nuclear envelope (NE) / endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes. In prolonged quiescence, proteasome granules drop off the NE / ER membranes and migrate as stable organelles throughout the cytoplasm, as thoroughly investigated in yeast. When quiescence yeast cells are allowed to resume growth, proteasome granules clear and proteasomes are rapidly imported into the nucleus.Here, we summarize our knowledge about the enigmatic structure of proteasome storage granules and the trafficking of proteasomes and their substrates between the cyto- and nucleoplasm.Most of our current knowledge is based on studies in yeast. Their translation to mammalian cells promises to provide keen insight into protein degradation in non-dividing cells which comprise the majority of our body’s cells.
WEB-BASED SYSTEM FOR ASSESSING RISK FACTORS FOR FALLS IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING ELDERLY PEOPLE USING THE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS
Authors: Pecchia Leandro , Bath Peter A. , Pendleton Neil , Bracale Marcelo 
Published: July 2015

<p>Falls occur frequently among older people and represent the most common cause of injury-related morbidity and mortality in later life. Preventing falls is an important way to reduce injuries, hospitalizations, and injury-related morbidity and mortality among older people. The research literature has identified hundreds of risk factors for falls among elderly people. Prioritizing risk factors for falls is useful for designing effective and efficacious prevention programs. The aim of this study was to use the Analytic Hierarchy Process to develop a hierarchy of risk factors for falls based on the knowledge and experience of experts working in this field. We designed and developed a web portal for participants to submit responses to electronic questionnaires in order to reach the highest number of respondents quickly and to reduce errors in responding. We contacted the person responsible for the Falls sections of four scientific societies. Finally, we propose a correction method to modify respondents’ relative importance on based on the coherence of their responses, in order not to exclude experts who had submitted the questionnaire twice.</p><p>http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/ijahp.v2i2.61</p>
Case Study and Failure Analysis of a total hip Stem Fracture
Authors: Mierzejewska Ż. A. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
A total hip replacement is a procedure that requires removal of the affected joint lesions and replacing it with artificial elements. Nevertheless, like any invasive surgery, it is associated with the risk of complications, including joint infection, fracture of the bone during and after surgery, scarring and limitation of motion of the hip, and loosening of the prosthesis. In this work we present and describe the results of its investigations. In order to determine the mechanism of failure, a broken stem components were analyzed by means of macroscopic and microscopic observations and hardness measurements. The hardness, microstructure and chemical composition of the broken part of the hip stem were analyzed. Microscopic examination revealed numerous defects in material. Among them are pores and emptiness, located on the outskirts of the tested samples and a plurality of micro-cracking, debonding and delamination of the material due to the overloading of a fatigue character. There were no changes caused by intergranular corrosion or pitting, which may indicate for an even distribution of the major alloying components such as chromium and nickel. Observations of the material by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), clearly proved that the destruction was caused by material fatigue. The investigation showed that the crack had originated due to a high stress concentration on the lateral corner section of the stem. Large surface of the fatigue crack zone area indicated for small stresses and small crack propagation velocities. There was a clear correlation between the grain size of the steel hardness. The results of hardness test revealed a significant increase hardness of stem in relation to the normative values. In addition, the measured average grain size is less than the standard accepted. Using Solid Works simulation and FEM a model of the stem was created and analyzed in terms of strength and rated the distribution of the generated stress. The finite-element analysis confirmed that there is the highest stress concentration in the middle of the stem
The Kinetics of Scale Growth on Ti-25Al-12.5Nb Alloy During High Temperature Oxidation In 9%O2+0.2%HCl+0.08%SO2+N2 Atmosphere
Authors: Małecka J. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The paper presents research results of isothermal oxidation of Ti-25Al-12.5Nb alloy. Oxidation was carried out in 9%O2+0,2%HCl+0,08%SO2+N2 atmosphere at the temperature of 700 and 750 ºC.
Impact Behaviour of Glass Fribre /Epoxy Composites with Nano-Enhanced Resin after Water Exposure
Authors: Landowski M. , Imielińska K. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Impact behaviour of glass fibre /epoxy composites with nano- SiO2 modified resin was studied in terms of low velocity impact after water exposure. Nanocomposites with 1%, 2%, 3% 5% 7% nano-SiO2 (Nanopox- Evonic) were investigated. Peak impact load and impact damage area as a function of nanoparticle contents were compared for dry specimens and for samples exposed to water (0.7 %wt. 1.7% water absorbed) at 1J, 2J 3J impact energies. For unmodified composite peak force was higher than for 3% modified specimens and higher for dry specimens than those exposed to water. Impact damage areas were plotted as a function of water contents for modified and unmodified samples. Failure modes were illustrated using SEM micrographs. Numeropus matrix cracks were the dominating failure mode in dry speciemens both unmodified and the modified. Fibre fracture was observed at 3J impact energy in all dry unmodified samples, however water exposure prevented early fibre fracture in nanocomposites. The proposed energy absorption mechanism is nanoparticles debonding.
Checklist of the marine macroalgae of Iran
Authors: Kokabi Maryam , Yousefzadi Morteza 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
In this study, a revised checklist of macroalgae of Iran with an updated nomenclature and taxonomy has been compiled based on published records. Using currently accepted names, 309 species and infraspecific taxa of macroalgae have been identified to date, including 78 Chlorophyta (within 15 families), 70 Ochrophyta (Phaeophyceae; within 7 families) and 161 Rhodophyta (within 30 families). The brown alga Sargassum with 25 taxa was the most diverse genus, and the Rhodomelaceae (Rhodophyta) with 36 taxa was the most species-rich family. The Cheney ratio of 3.4 and the species composition of brown seaweeds suggest that the Iranian marine algal flora is warm-temperate. Sørensen similarity indices were used to compare the marine algal flora of Iran with that of Saudi Arabia within the Persian Gulf and the Sultanate of Oman within the Gulf of Oman. The algal diversity of the Iranian coast within the Gulf of Oman is less than that within the Persian Gulf, and this difference is attributed to undercollecting. Given that this is the first inclusive checklist of macroalgae of Iran, covering the coast lying within the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, it could serve as a foundation for future phycological and biogeographical studies of the taxa in the country and the region.
Use of NMR spectroscopy in the analysis of carnosine and free amino acids in fermented sausages during ripening
Authors: Mati Marcel , Staruch Ladislav , Šoral Michal 
Published: July 2015

AbstractQuantitative changes of carnosine and free amino acids in high-fat (43-50 mass %) fermented sausages during ripening were analysed using a 600 MHz VNMRS NMR spectrometer. Seven free amino acids were identified in the samples and a relatively high content of carnosine was observed in the final stage of ripening. The NMR method for the determination of free amino acids and carnosine content applied in this work has been used for the first time and it has proven to be suitable for the analysis of fermented sausages.
Inhibition of CEA release from epithelial cells by lipid A of Gram-negative bacteria
Authors: Naghibalhossaini Fakhraddin , Sayadi Khatere , Jaberie Hajar , Bazargani Abdollah , Eftekhar Ebrahim , Hosseinzadeh Massood 
Published: July 2015

AbstractA number of bacterial species, both pathogenic and non-pathogenic, use the human CEACAM family members as receptors for internalization into epithelial cells. The GPI-linked CEA and CEACAM6 might play a role in the innate immune defense, protecting the colon from microbial invasion. Previous studies showed that CEA is released from epithelial cells by an endogenous GPI-PLD enzyme. GPI-PLD activity was reported to be inhibited by several synthetic and natural forms of lipid A. We hypothesized that CEA engagement by Gram-negative bacteria might attenuate CEA release from epithelial cells and that this might facilitate bacterial colonization. We tested the hypothesis by examining the effect of Escherichia coli on CEA release from colorectal cancer cells in a co-culture experiment. A subconfluent monolayer culture of colorectal cancer cells (LS-180, Caco-2 and HT29/219) was incubated with E. coli. While there was a significant reduction in CEA secretion from LS-180 and HT29/219 cells, we found only a small reduction of CEA shedding from Caco-2 cells compared to the level from the untreated control cells. Furthermore, lipid A treatment of LS-180 cells inhibited CEA release from the cells in a dosedependent manner. Western blot analysis of total lysates showed that CEA expression levels in cells co-cultured with bacteria did not differ from those in untreated control cells. These results suggest that lipid A of Gram-negative bacteria might play a role in preventing the release of CEA from mucosal surfaces and promote mucosal colonization by bacteria.
Sphingosine-1-phosphate induces the migration and angiogenesis of EPCs through the Akt signaling pathway via sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3/platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β
Authors: Wang Hang , Cai Ke-Yin , Li Wei , Huang Hao 
Published: July 2015

AbstractEndothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a fundamental role in neoangiogenesis and tumor angiogenesis. Through the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 (S1PR3), sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) can stimulate the functional capacity of EPCs. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta (PDGFR-β) contributes to the migration and angiogenesis of EPCs. This study aimed to investigate whether S1P induces the migration and angiogenesis of EPCs through the S1PR3/PDGFR-β/Akt signaling pathway. We used the Transwell system and the Chemicon In Vitro Angiogenesis Assay Kit with CAY10444 (an S1PR3 antagonist), AG1295 (a PDGFR kinase inhibitor) and sc-221226 (an Akt inhibitor) to examine the role of the S1PR3/PDGFR-β/Akt pathway in the S1Pinduced migration and angiogenesis of EPCs.
Bioinformatics-based molecular classification of Arthrobacter plasmids
Authors: Mihăşan Marius 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe omnipresence of Arthrobacter species in polluted and toxic soils indicates their great potential in environmental biotechnologies, but practical applications of these bacteria are scarce mainly due to the availability of useful genetic engineering tools. Although many fully sequenced Arthrobacter genomes have been deposited in GenBank, little is known about the biology of their plasmids, especially the core functions: replication and partition. In this study the available Arthrobacter plasmid sequences were analyzed in order to identify their putative replication origin. At least the oris from the cryptic plasmids pXZ10142, pCG1, and pBL1 appear to work in this genus. Based on ParA homolog sequences, the Arthrobacter specific plasmids were classified into 4 clades. Iteron-like sequences were identified on most of the plasmids, indicating the position of the putative Arthrobacter specific oris. Although attempts were made to identify the core gene set required for plasmid replication in this genus, it was not possible. The plasmid proteomes showed a rather low similarity.
Micro-nanoparticle gels obtained from bark for their use alone and with chitosan and Na-CMC in paper coatings
Authors: Laka Marianna , Treimanis Arnis , Chernyavskaya Svetlana , Skute Marite , Rozenberga Linda , Vikele Laura 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The effect of coatings on paper sheets has been studied. For this purpose gels were prepared from unextracted and extracted bark. The gels represented dispersions of micro- and nanoparticles. The coatings were also prepared from mixtures of gels with chitosan solutions in 1% acetic acid and aqueous Na-carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) solutions. The properties – Gurley air resistance, water vapour sorption, and mechanical properties of paper sheets – were tested. For obtaining the gels, the bark was destructed by a thermocatalytic method and then dispersed in water in a ball mill. The gels contained mainly nanoparticles with an average size of about 300 nm. Paper sheets produced by the Ligatne Paper Mill (Latvia) were coated on both sides. Gurley air resistance increases with increasing thickness of the coatings and with increasing gel concentration. At a gel concentration of 10% and a coating thickness of 35 μm, air resistance increases by 57% (gel from unextracted bark) and 72% (gel from extracted bark) compared to uncoated paper sheets. The coatings from bark gels in combination with Na-CMC and chitosan solutions increase further the air resistance. The coatings at gel concentrations up to 6% elevate the burst strength and tensile strength in a dry state. The coatings from mixtures of bark gel and chitosan and Na-CMC heighten further the mechanical properties and elevate the water vapour sorption of paper sheets.