bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sodium salt of dodecyl benzene sulphonic acid as an effective corrosion inhibition for different heat-treated steel in sulphuric acid medium
Authors: Prabhu P R , Jomy Jilna , Prabhu Deepa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this work is to use electrochemical and gravimetric techniques to investigate the inhibition of DBSS on the corrosion of heat-treated dual-phase AISI 1040 steel in a 0.5 M sulphuric acid solution at 35 °C. The corrosion studies are performed by potentiodynamic polarization study (PDP), electrochemical impedance study (EIS), and gravimetric method. To confirm the inhibition surface characterization like x-ray diffraction technique (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and EDS analysis are performed. Depending on the phase change of metals due to heat treatment, the corrosion inhibition of the heat-treated metal increased when it was exposed to 0.5 M H2SO4 at 35 °C in the presence of dodecyl benzene sulphonic acid sodium salt (DBSS) inhibitor. The highest inhibition efficiency of 63%, 82%, 87%, 43%, and 63% was obtained for AISI 1040 steel at heat treatment conditions of Normalized, Quenched at 700 °C, Quenched at 750 °C, Quenched at 790 °C and Quenched at 900 °C respectively. In the gravimetric and electrochemical study, the IE increases with the increase with the concentration of DBSS unto 75% from gravimetric analysis and 87% from PDP analysis for Quenched at 750 °C and 790 °C respectively. The metal protection is achieved by heat treatment process as well as by using DBSS as inhibitor. Corrosion inhibition on the metal’s surface was confirmed by SEM and XRD. In addition, the adsorption of DBSS on the anodic and cathodic sites of the metal surface was well explained.
Microstructure and mechanical characteristics of Al1050/B2O3+Cu hybrid surface nanocomposite fabricated using friction stir processing
Authors: Pedrammehr Siamak , Sajed Moosa , Pakzad Sajjad , Zare Jond Ahad , Ettefagh Mir Mohammad , Tutunchilar Saman 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the realm of advanced materials engineering, the development of hybrid nanocomposites has garnered significant attention due to their superior mechanical properties and potential applications. The primary aim of this research is to develop a surface hybrid nanocomposite using Al1050 aluminium alloy (5 mm thickness) as the base material through friction stir processing. B2O3 nano-powder, averaging 100 nm in size, and Cu micro-powder, averaging 5 μm in size, were incorporated into the aluminium surface in various volume ratios using the Friction Stir Processing (FSP). The processing parameters included a tool rotational speed of 1250 rpm, a feed rate of 50 mm min−1, and a tilt angle of 3°. The number of passes was set at two levels: 1 and 3 passes. The influence of the volume ratio of constituents and the number of passes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the resulting composite was thoroughly explored. The samples underwent tensile tests, microhardness tests, and metallographic examinations using both Optical Microscopy (OM) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM). The composite with 25%-B2O3-75%-Cu composition exhibited the highest stress and hardness values, measuring 139 MPa and 58.14 HV, respectively. The enhanced strength of this sample is attributed to the presence of additives and the resultant grain size.
Teleportation of a qubit using quasi-Bell states
Authors: Aremua Isiaka , Gouba Laure 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we study the exotic Landau problem at the classical level where two conserved quantities are derived. At the quantum level, the corresponding quantum operators of the conserved quantities provide two oscillator representations from which we derive two Boson Fock spaces. Using the normalized coherent states which are the minimum uncertainty states on noncommutative configuration space isomorphic to each of the boson Fock space, we form entangled coherent states which are Bell- like states labeled quasi-Bell states. The effect of non-maximality of a quasi-Bell state based quantum channel is investigated in the context of a teleportation of a qubit.
Performance enhancement of PV array using successive ring adder algorithm based reconfiguration techniques
Authors: Kumar Arjun , Agarwal Ruchi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The photovoltaic array’s output is decreased due to increase of mismatch losses (ML) under partial shading condition. Different row currents begin to flow from the PV modules as a result. Therefore, the panels must be reconfigured to minimize the row current differential in order to get the most power possible from the PV panel. This paper suggests Successive Ring Adder Algorithms (SRAA) to minimize the difference of row current. Under various shading patterns, the proposed scheme’s superiority is evaluated and contrasted with series-parallel (SP) and Total-Cross-Tied (TCT) configurations. The numerical outcomes demonstrate the superiority of the suggested algorithm. Additionally, unlike the recently reported reconfiguration techniques, it may be used with both square (9 × 9) and non-square (9 × 6) PV arrays. In comparison to SP and TCT configuration system, the maximum power generation has improved by 4.04% and 9.25%, respectively. In comparison to TCT (30.96%) and SP (37.52%), the ML was obtained with the lowest value i.e. 25.87%. The efficiency for a 9 × 9 PV array is measured at 13.18%, the highest among TCT (12.67%) and SP (12.07%) configurations. For non-squared (9 × 6) PV array arrangement, similar types of enhanced outcomes are produced.
Assessment of process parameters on modified 316L SS surfaces prepared via hybrid powders mixed EDM
Authors: Gul Iqtidar Ahmed , Abdul Rani Ahmad Majdi , Abdul Munir Fudhail Bin , Al-Amin Md 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study aims to assess the influence of hybrid powders (hydroxyapatite, manganese, copper, and carbon nanotube) mixed electric discharge machining (EDM) and coating process on 316L stainless steel (SS). An efficiently machined, hydrophilic, thin, and microporous surface is produced using variable discharge energies and powders weighted percentage suspended in the dielectric medium. The research outcome indicates that the hybrid powders mixed-EDM process synthesised a coating that substitutes the base elements with foreign elements of calcium (Ca), phosphorous (P), copper (Cu), carbon (C), oxygen (O), and manganese (Mn). The surface wettability response of the coating displays a hydrophilic nature with a contact angle of 51.5° and surface energy of 52.9 mJ m−2. The coated surface exhibited a roughness value of 3.201 μm, which is expected to promote osseointegration, and the material removal rate has been enhanced to an optimal value of 100.32 mg/min. The Taguchi design demonstrated that the powder mixing ratio, current intensity, and spark time are the most influential factors in the hybrid powders mixed EDM process. This study determines a novel multiple additives-assisted EDM method to synthesise a coating on 316L SS with potential benefits for biomedical applications.
Design of two-loop FOPID-FOPI controller for inverted cart-pendulum system
Authors: Mondal Arindam , Chakraborty Susmit 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The inverted cart-pendulum system (ICPS) consists in having a pendulum mounted on a sliding cart, with the pivot point fixed. This real time experiment indeed looks like a rocket and its functionality is akin to a rocket. These are the launchers and the missile guidance and control as well as construction anti-seismic measures also. The control aim in these systems is to maintain the inverted pendulum vertically stable. The system is causal but unstable and, therefore, has no minimum phase. Therefore, the right half plane pole and zero are close to each other. Therefore, the stability of the system can be considered as problematic at some points. Unfortunately, linear time- invariant (LTI) classical controllers are incapable of offering suffient loop robustness for such systems. This paper aims to project a two-loop fractional order controller (2-LFOC) design to stabilize a higher-order nonlinear inverted cart-pendulum system (ICPS). The modeling, linearization, and control of ICPS are demonstrated in this work. The control target is adjusted so that the inverted pendulum stabilizes in its upright state when the cart reaches the required point. To fulfill the control objective, two-loop FOPID-FOPI controllers are proposed, and the Levenberg Marquardt algorithm (LMA) is utilized to tune the controllers. A novel nonlinear integral of time-associated absolute-error (ITAE) based fitness formula considering the settling time and rise time is used to fit the controller parameters for 2-LFOC. A performance comparison with the PID controller in terms of different time domain parameters such as rise_time (T

R
), peak_time (T

P
), settling_time (T

S
), maximum overshoot (OS

M
), maximum undershoot (US

M
) and steady-state error (E

SS
) are investigated. Stability analysis using Riemann surface observation of the system compensated with the proposed controller is presented in this work. The robust behavior of the two-loop FOPID-FOPI controller is verified by the application of disturbances in the system and the Reimann surface observation.
Gestational and postnatal exposure to wildfire smoke and prolonged use of respiratory medications in early life
Authors: Jardel Hanna , Rappazzo Kristen M , Luben Thomas J , Keeler Corinna , Staley Brooke S , Ward-Caviness Cavin K , O’Lenick Cassandra R , Rebuli Meghan E , Xi Yuzhi , Hernandez Michelle , Chelminski Ann , Jaspers Ilona , Rappold Ana G , Dhingra Radhika 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
As wildfire frequency and severity increases, smoke exposures will cause increasingly more adverse respiratory effects. While acute respiratory effects of smoke exposure have been documented in children, longer term sequelae are largely unstudied. Our objective here was to examine the association between gestational and postnatal exposure to wildfire smoke and prolonged use of prescription medication for respiratory conditions in early childhood. Using Merative MarketScan claims data, we created cohorts of term children born in western states between 1 January 2010–31 December 2014 followed for at least three years. Using NOAA Hazard Mapping System data, we determined the average number of days a week that >25% of the population in a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) was covered by smoke within each exposure period. The exposure periods were defined by trimester and two 12 week postnatal periods. Medication use was based on respiratory indication (upper respiratory, lower respiratory, or any respiratory condition) and categorized into outcomes of prolonged use (⩾30 d use) (PU) and multiple prolonged uses (at least two prolonged uses) (MPU). We used logistic regression models with random intercepts for MSAs adjusted for child sex, birth season, and birth year. Associations differed by exposure period and respiratory outcome, with elevated risk of MPU of lower respiratory medications following exposure in the third trimester and the first 12 postnatal weeks (RR 1.15, 95% CI 0.98, 1.35; RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.05, 1.40, respectively). Exposure in the third trimester was associated with an increase in MPU of any respiratory among males infants only (male RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.00, 1.50; female RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.66, 1.31). Through novel use of prescription claims data, this work identifies critical developmental windows in the 3rd trimester and first 12 postnatal weeks during which environmental inhalational disaster events may impact longer-term respiratory health.
The Prime Ministerial Court
Authors: Rhodes R. A. W. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Court politics is about who in British Government did what to whom, when, how, why, and with what consequences. The book provides a thorough depiction of the court politics of the Conservative governments of the twenty-first century. It analyses the everyday practice of the dark arts by the British political and administrative elite. It shows that court politics matter because there are personal, electoral, and governmental consequences. It concludes that British government has a new Establishment skilled in knavery. The heart of the book is its account of the courts of David Cameron, Theresa May, and Boris Johnson. For each court, there is a description of its knavery; of the ways in which each practices the black arts. The specific topics include the courtiers; the Prime Minister’s craft; narratives, reshuffles, resignations, and leadership challenges, the political games of barons and parliament, cabinet and executive networks, and the feuds in the court between ministers, advisers, and civil servants. Knavery is everywhere. There is much evidence of betrayal, revenge, lying, scandals, and bullying with such machinations oiled by gossip, humour, alcohol, and leavened with harassment in its several guises. Each chapter has a short case study of the court in action; namely, the education wars, the 2018 election, and the Covid-19 crisis. Each case illustrates the personal, electoral, and governmental consequences of court politics. There are fewer and fewer ‘good chaps’ in government. There are more and more knaves. Decency is in decline. British Government needs ‘rules for rulers’. The book identifies several. Above all, it cautions citizens—beware, here be dragons.
The Possibility of Moral Community
Authors: Lenman James 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This book defends the claim that there could be a moral community, a community of rational creatures somewhat like ourselves living together in ways informed and regulated by shared normative standards and understandings. These creatures aim to live together in this way and expect each other to conform to that shared aim. Those who fail to do so are deemed to have acted wrongly and held responsible for doing so. This possibility is not dependant on the truth of such large metaphysical claims as robust normative realism and libertarian free will. And even if these large metaphysical claims are false, as it us here supposed they are, moral community remains possible without those who compose it needing to commit any errors, believe any fictions, live any lies, or be subject to any illusions. There is nothing they need to make-believe or to pretend. This possibility is vindicated by developing and defending the view that our normative thought and talk expresses who we are. Or more exactly who we are when we are, by our own lights, at our best. This is something shaped by our history, our nature and the passions in our souls. It is something contingent, certainly, but it is idle to be troubled by that if it is also something we are able to take ownership of and agree to inhabit together as a space of mutual normative expectation and responsibility.
Our Normative Judgements Are All Wrong
Authors: Lenman James 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Bart Streumer defends a global normative error theory which says all normative judgements are false. He professes not to believe this theory and urges it cannot be believed but thinks honesty demands we should come as close to believing it as we can. But if the theory is true neither honesty nor anything else can demands that we do anything. And if it is false then it is false that we should come as close as we can to believing it. Streumer is at pains to respect what he takes to be central thoughts about the normative but philosophical understanding of a concept may legitimately put some strain our prior beliefs about it. The key thing is whether we can make good sense of our practice with the concept. When we can do so, tolerating a little such strain is a far better theoretical option than taking something as wild as global normative error theory seriously. Streumer’s arguments for rejecting the alternatives to the error theory, and in particular non-reductive naturalism and expressivism, are considered and found nowhere near as telling as they would need to be to warrant his resort to an endorsement of radical normative scepticism, even when that endorsement takes the strangely ambivalent form of Streumer’s professedly non-doxastic dalliance.
Responsibility
Authors: Lenman James 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A creature sharing with its wider community a stable, confidently held normative outlook and adequately endowed with the capacity for rational self-governance is the sort of creature that it is fair and appropriate to hold responsible for its actions at least most of the time. Such a creature can take ownership of their values and the actions that flow from them, accepting the social contract by which they are to be held accountable for these. This involves a measure of risk but it is a risk it makes sense to accept given a sufficent measure of self-trust. Such a creature can legitimately be considered a responsible agent but it does not have, because nothing could have, the kind of ultimate responsibility some writers imagine we need. It cannot create itself from nothing. But we need do no such thing to be responsible agents. Our actions flow from the contingencies of who we are, normatively speaking. And that in turn flows from load of other stuff that happened long ago. But if we are nonetheless willing to take ownership of who we are then that is not such a big deal. The chapter also addresses the issue of how we can be justified in punishing those who fail to comply with our moral expectations of them and to recognize the reasons we think they have for doing so.
Eleventh Century
Authors: Howard-Johnston James 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
There was a marked revival in cultural activity in the eleventh century, manifest especially in new building and the variegated writings of the intelligentsia. There is clear evidence (numismatic, archaeological, and literary) of demographic and economic growth in town and country. Despite a steady consolidation of aristocratic power (notably the formation of hybrid nexuses of civil and military families), the peasant village proved resilient and peasant smallholdings remained widespread—they are designated the dark matter of the Byzantine countryside, the existence of which explains the fragmented character of large and not so large estates. Defeat and loss of territory in the second half of the century is attributed not to cut-backs on defence expenditure but to the strengths of Normans and Turks, compounded by internal dissension at key moments.
Financial Analysis of Publicly Funded Investment Projects
Authors: Zareena Begum I 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A critical component of project appraisal is the financial analysis of a project that receives public funding. It aids in figuring out whether the project can support the nation’s economic expansion and is both financially and sustainably viable. This chapter focuses on the requirements for assessing a project’s technical, financial, and economic viability. It also discusses how crucial financial analysis is to comprehending the project’s financial viability. A project’s financial analysis ought to be conducted using an integrated approach that incorporates a comprehensive assessment of each project’s stakeholder, risk, physical, and economic aspects within a single, unified framework or model.
Different concepts of neighborhood safety and child internalizing and externalizing behaviors
Authors: Beyer Logan , Enthoven Clair A , Groeniger Joost Oude , van Lenthe Frank J , Delaney Scott , Slopen Natalie , Tiemeier Henning 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Neighborhood safety is defined inconsistently across epidemiologic studies – a conceptual problem that results in incomparable measurements, hampering the design of health interventions. Using child behavior problems (measured via the Child Behavior Checklist) as the outcome of interest, this study directly compared four measures of neighborhood safety: two of experienced safety and two of perceived safety, with each one measured at family and community levels. These included children’s direct experience of harm, parental perceptions, community crime statistics, and community perceptions. In a sample of 3291 ten-year-olds from the Generation R cohort (living in municipal Rotterdam, Netherlands, 2013), all four measures were correlated (χ2 ≥ 9.2, P &lt; 0.002 in pairwise chi-square comparisons), but ultimately identified different levels of risk for behavioral health. Direct experiences of harm, parental perceptions, and community crime statistics were all associated with increased child internalizing behaviors (β = 3.12, β = 2.10, and β = 1.77, respectively), while only experiences of harm and parental perceptions were associated with increased externalizing behaviors (β = 2.75 and β = 1.31, respectively). These results provide novel evidence that the conceptual distinctions underlying different measures of neighborhood safety are meaningful for child mental health and should be considered in intervention design.
Effective and inclusive mentorship in the field of epidemiology
Authors: Charlton Brittany M , Wright Davene R , Driver-Linn Erin , Fox Matthew P , Wise Lauren A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Quality mentoring improves outcomes across career stages, including a sense of belonging, persistence, and productivity. However, the status quo in mentorship culture—including in epidemiology—is an ad hoc approach. This pervasive culture adversely affects individual mentees and the entire scientific research enterprise. Public health disciplines such as epidemiology bear a distinct responsibility to foster an inclusive mentorship culture, ensuring the next generation is equipped not only with methodological expertise but also with a commitment to diversity, equity, inclusion, and the principles of public health. In this commentary, we outline the primary attributes of effective mentors, core competencies, and the evidence base underlying how mentors can improve their skills with comprehensive training. We call on mentors, as well as institutional leaders, to make personal and structural changes, such as requiring mentor training, implementing evidence-based tools (e.g., individual development plans), and regularly evaluating mentorship quality. Institutional leaders can remove barriers (e.g., costs to enroll in mentor training) and facilitate mentorship in non-monetary ways, for example, by making it a formal part of the promotion process. Mentors and leaders must champion these changes, fortifying not only individual career trajectories but also advancing scientific integrity, inclusivity, and justice within the epidemiologic community.