bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiences of Living With the Nonmotor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease: A Photovoice Study
Authors: Smith Laura J. , Callis Jerri , Bridger‐Smart Shannon , Guilfoyle Olivia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundNonmotor symptoms (NMSs) are frequently experienced by people with Parkinson's disease (PD) and are often perceived as their most bothersome symptoms. However, these remain poorly understood with suboptimal clinical management. These unmet needs are an important determinant of health‐related quality of life (QoL) in PD.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to gain insights into the experience of living with the NMS of PD in real‐time using participatory action methodology.MethodUsing the photovoice method, 14 people with PD took photographs to document their experiences of living with the NMS of PD. They composed corresponding written narratives to capture the impact of NMS on their daily activities and QoL. In total, 152 photographs and corresponding narratives were analysed using thematic analysis with an inductive approach.ResultsFour interrelated themes were identified. Emotional well‐being and sense of self encompassed a process of adjustment to living with PD. Engaging in valued activities, adopting a positive mindset and utilising coping strategies were thought to enhance confidence and self‐esteem. Social support and societal awareness highlighted the importance of supportive relationships and socialising to aid participation and avoid isolation. Barriers to social engagement included the unpredictability of NMS and nonvisible NMS being neglected or misunderstood.ConclusionFindings demonstrated the far‐reaching impact of nonmotor aspects of PD on emotional, occupational and social dimensions. These needs could be addressed through person‐centred and comprehensive approaches to care.Patient or Public ContributionThis study utilised a participatory research approach allowing participants to choose the subjects that mattered to them and how to present their results. Additionally, a group workshop was held with people with PD, their family members and healthcare professionals to guide theme development.
Reducing curing time via a shell‐less method: a comparative analysis of flavour characteristics in salted egg yolk
Authors: Gao Xuejing , Zhang Mengya , Li Junhua , Gu Luping , Chang Cuihua , Huang Zijian , Xiong Wen , Su Yujie , Yang Yanjun 
Published: June 2024

SummaryThe rapid shell‐less curing method significantly simplifies the processing cycle of salted egg yolks (SEYs). However, differences in flavour attributes between rapidly cured SEYs and traditionally cured SEYs have yet to be clearly established. Herein, a comprehensive evaluation of the volatile compounds in SEYs using HS‐SPME‐GC‐MS and HS‐GC‐IMS aims to delineate the flavour characteristics under varying preparation methods. Despite reduced oil exudation, the rapid salting process resulted in higher levels of free amino acids than the traditional approach. Hexanal, nonanal, 1‐octen‐3‐ol, 2‐pentyl‐furan, phenylacetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, 2‐octenal, and 2,5‐dimethyl‐pyrazine were identified as significant contributors to the SEY flavour profile. Conversely, salted hen egg yolks contained methional, decanal and 2‐methyl‐pyrimidine; whereas salted duck egg yolks presented with (E,E)‐2,4‐decadienal, 2,6‐diethyl‐pyrazine and nonanoic acid. Principal component analysis of the E‐nose revealed that the aroma profile of rapid curing (SHY‐R25) was more similar to that of traditional curing (SHY). The rapid preparation technology presented a viable alternative to traditional pickling, capable of partially replicating the flavour of traditional salted egg yolks within a single day. These findings contributed to a more scientific application and preparation of SEY flavouring bases, providing a theoretical basis for flavour enhancement and development.
The local indigenous food of Sarawak as potential functional food
Authors: Hui‐Yan Tan , Sarbini Shahrul Razid 
Published: June 2024

SummaryThe local people of Sarawak commonly made unique dishes out of the local distinctive resources for its health beneficial nutrients. Yet, many potentials of the local Sarawak food ingredients are less likely to be exploited. One of the main produces of Sarawak is the starch from Metroxylon sagu. Our study reviewed that sago starch is not only active in health beneficial bioactivities such as antioxidative, it also possesses positive prebiotic response. Other local indigenous fruits, vegetable and spices of Sarawak as potential functional food includes Sarawak pepper; midin, the edible fern; terung asam, the sour eggplant; dabai, the Bornean olive; engkalak, the Bornean avocado; Terap, the local ‘jackfruit’; embangan, the local wild mango; and the edible palm heart (EPH) from palm tree. Research on the edible fern (midin), edible palm hearts (umbut), spices such as turmeric and pepper from Sarawak has revealed a positive functionality in terms of prebiotic potential, antioxidative, antimicrobial and many more. Conclusively, the wide food varieties of Sarawak are potential functional food. Therefore, this work aimed to publicise the health beneficial functionalities of the local indigenous food which then value‐added the rare local food resources, and boost the local farmer's production and economic status.
The effect of yam (Dioscorea japonica) addition on aroma and properties of gluten‐free rice chiffon cake
Authors: Wang Shang‐Ta , Chen Hong‐Jhang , Fang Mingchih , Huang Ching‐Wen , Sung Wen‐Chieh 
Published: June 2024

SummaryThe aim of this study was to create gluten‐free chiffon cakes by replacing wheat flour with rice flour (100%, 90% and 70% w/w) and adding yam (0%–30%). The effect of yam's water‐soluble fibre on cake batter properties was studied, including batter density, specific volume, colour, texture, moisture content, water activity and volatile compounds. Results revealed that yam addition decreased crumb lightness value, crust brown index and batter density. Batter viscosity and cake specific volume increased with yam levels, with the optimal amount being 10%. Specific volume decreased at a yam addition of 30%. Twenty‐four compounds were identified in gluten‐free chiffon cake with 10% yam addition (10Y). 1‐Octen‐3‐ol was the primary contributor, accounting for 89.9% odour activity value (OAV) of the aroma with a fruity, buttery, and mushroom odour, attributed to its low threshold. In addition, aldehyde compounds including hexanal, 3‐methylbutanal, 2‐methylbutanal, pentanal, 2‐methylpropanal, nonanal, octanal and heptanal, accounting for 9% of OAV, had high perception thresholds.
Changes of eating quality of four types of rice with different amylose content under different storage temperatures
Authors: Chen Hong , Rao Xinyue , Zhang Guohao , Yang Guotao , Yang Guoxing , Wang Xuechun , Hu Yungao 
Published: June 2024

SummaryThe environment in which rice is stored has a big influence on rice quality. Four rice cultivars with various amylose content types were kept at low temperatures (LT, 4 °C) and room temperature (RT, 20 °C) in this study: NAC: (Low‐amylose content <2%), LAC: (low‐amylose content, about 10%), MAC: (medium‐amylose content, about 17%) and HAC: (high‐amylose content, about 25%). After storage at two temperatures and comparison to the harvest year, the amylose content of 4 types increased, and the change range of the HAC was the lowest. The gel consistency held at LT was higher than that at RT. Under LT storage, the breakdown values of MAC and HAC greatly increased (0.47%–0.65%), but NAC significantly reduced. The enthalpy of gelatinisation (▵Hg) drastically reduced (7.81%–49.10%) from the harvest year. Regeneration enthalpy increased at the grain after being sealed for a year at LT (except HAC) and reduced noticeably at RT. With the exception of ▵Hg and pasting temperature, the DSC profiles had a positive correlation with gel consistency. HPV, CPV and SBV showed a positive correlation with amylose content. As a result, the ideal storage temperature should be chosen based on the amylose type and use of the rice during storage.
Influence of hydrocolloids and flours on acoustic‐mechanical and microstructural properties of battered deep‐fat fried meat
Authors: Liberty Jacob Tizhe , Bhuiyan Md. Hafizur Rahman , Ngadi Michael 
Published: June 2024

SummaryThis study investigated the influence of hydrocolloid–flour mixtures on textural, structural, oil absorption and optical characteristics of batter‐coated fried meat. The batter coatings were formulated with corn, wheat and rice flours along with different hydrocolloids (methylcellulose, carboxyl methylcellulose, xanthan gum, locust bean gum, gum arabic). Textural and structural properties were assessed by acoustic‐mechanical and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Results showed that the addition of hydrocolloids improved crispiness and reduced oil content in fried products. Comparative performances of the hydrocolloids in improving crispiness were in decreasing order as gum arabic > locust bean > xanthan gum > carboxyl methylcellulose > methylcellulose. Textural properties of the hydrocolloids were interwoven with the flour type, where corn flour demonstrating better crispiness than wheat and rice flours. The crispiness of hydrocolloids added batter increased up to seven times than the control samples. The hydrocolloids were found to significantly influence (P ≤ 0.05) the appearance of battered meat formulated with corn and wheat flours. Hydrocolloids showed prominent effect on wheat flour‐based batter in terms of average pore area, whereas highest impact on corn flour regarding the number of pores formed.
Bone marrow necrosis: Facts, controversies, and perspective
Authors: Luan Chengxin , Zhao Hongguo , Ding Yufei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBone marrow necrosis (BMN) is a clinically and pathologically poorly‐defined and readily‐overlooked entity. The current facts and guidelines pertaining to this entity are scarce, and there exist controversies. Upon reviewing the literature, we present the facts, analyze these controversies, and discourse on future prospects.
DNA methylation machinery is involved in development and reproduction in the viviparous pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum)
Authors: Yoon Kane , Williams Stephanie , Duncan Elizabeth J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEpigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, have been proposed to mediate plastic responses in insects. The pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum), like the majority of extant aphids, displays cyclical parthenogenesis ‐ the ability of mothers to switch the reproductive mode of their offspring from reproducing parthenogenetically to sexually in response to environmental cues. The pea aphid genome encodes two paralogs of the de novo DNA methyltransferase gene, dnmt3a and dnmt3x. Here we show, using phylogenetic analysis, that this gene duplication event occurred at least 150 million years ago, likely after the divergence of the lineage leading to the Aphidomorpha (phylloxerans, adelgids and true aphids) from that leading to the scale insects (Coccomorpha) and that the two paralogs are maintained in the genomes of all aphids examined. We also show that the mRNA of both dnmt3 paralogs is maternally expressed in the viviparous aphid ovary. During development both paralogs are expressed in the germ cells of embryos beginning at stage 5 and persisting throughout development. Treatment with 5‐azactyidine, a chemical that generally inhibits the DNA methylation machinery, leads to defects of oocytes and early‐stage embryos and causes a proportion of later stage embryos to be born dead or die soon after birth. These phenotypes suggest a role for DNA methyltransferases in reproduction, consistent with that seen in other insects. Taking the vast evolutionary history of the dnmt3 paralogs, and the localisation of their mRNAs in the ovary, we suggest there is a role for dnmt3a and/or dnmt3x in early development, and a role for DNA methylation machinery in reproduction and development of the viviparous pea aphid.
Knowledge and attitudes regarding pressure injuries among assistant nurses in a clinical context
Authors: Bjurbo Charlotte , Wetzer Elisabeth , Thunborg David , Zhang Li , Hultin Lisa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate assistant nurses' knowledge of and attitudes towards pressure injuries in a clinical setting. It employed a cross‐sectional design, using two validated surveys: PUKAT 2.0 and APUP, alongside open‐ended questions. A convenience sample of 88 assistant nurses from five wards across two departments at a 600‐bed university hospital in Sweden participated. Participants answered the questionnaire and open‐ended questions, followed by a learning seminar led by the study leader covering PUKAT 2.0 knowledge questions. The seminar ended with an evaluation of this training approach. Results revealed a significant knowledge gap in pressure injury prevention among assistant nurses, with a mean PUKAT 2.0 knowledge score of 33.8 and a standard deviation of ±11.7 (a score of 60 is deemed satisfactory). Only 3.4% (n = 3) of participants achieved a satisfactory knowledge score. However, attitudes towards pressure injury prevention, assessed by the APUP tool, were generally positive among the majority of the participants. Open‐ended questions and evaluations of the seminar showed assistant nurses' desire for pressure injury prevention training and their appreciation for the seminar format. Further studies need to evaluate recurrent training procedures and departmental strategies aimed at reducing the knowledge gap among healthcare staff.
Individual‐level biotic interactions and species distribution models
Authors: Gaya Heather E. , Chandler Richard B. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimAccounting for biotic interactions in species distribution models is complicated by the fact that interactions occur at the individual‐level at unknown spatial scales. Standard approaches that ignore individual‐level interactions and focus on aggregate scales are subject to the modifiable aerial unit problem (MAUP) in which incorrect inferences may arise about the sign and magnitude of interspecific effects.LocationGlobal (simulation) and North Carolina, United States (case study).TaxonNone (simulation) and Aves (case study).MethodsWe present a hierarchical species distribution model that includes a Markov point process in which the locations of individuals of one species are modelled as a function of both abiotic variables and the locations of individuals of another species. We applied the model to spatial capture‐recapture (SCR) data on two ecologically similar songbird species—hooded warbler (Setophaga citrina) and black‐throated blue warbler (Setophaga caerulescens)—that segregate over a climate gradient in the southern Appalachian Mountains, USA.ResultsA simulation study indicated that the model can identify the effects of environmental variation and biotic interactions on co‐occurring species distributions. In the case study, there were strong and opposing effects of climate on spatial variation in population densities, but spatial competition did not influence the two species' distributions.Main ConclusionsUnlike existing species distribution models, the framework proposed here overcomes the MAUP and can be used to investigate how population‐level patterns emerge from individual‐level processes, while also allowing for inference on the spatial scale of biotic interactions. Our finding of minimal spatial competition between black‐throated blue warbler and hooded warbler adds to the growing body of literature suggesting that abiotic factors may be more important than competition at low‐latitude range margins. The model can be extended to accommodate count data and binary data in addition to SCR data.
Late‐night eating and inactivity: Links to depression and suicide risk in adolescents living in Turkey
Authors: Tuncay Suat , Sarman Abdullah 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveDepression, anxiety, and eating disorders are all common during adolescence. This study aims to investigate the potential relationship between eating at night, physical activity, and depression/suicide risk in adolescents.MethodsThis study followed a cross‐sectional descriptive design and involved collecting data from adolescents aged 13–18 years who attend four different high schools. The data collection was done through an online survey using Google Forms. Sociodemographic form, eating at night questionnaire, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (Short Form), Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale, and Suicide Probability Scale were used for data collection. The data collected were analyzed electronically using descriptive statistics and correlation tests to examine relationships between different parameters.ResultsThe study revealed significant associations between academic achievement, daily sleep duration, and daily walking distance with depression and suicide probability (p < 0.05) among the participants. Adolescents who consumed food after 10 pm exhibited higher depression and suicide probability scores than their counterparts (p < 0.05). Additionally, an analysis of physical activity levels demonstrated that highly active adolescents had lower depression and suicide probability scores.ConclusionsIn conclusion, this study suggests that there is a significant relationship between eating at night, physical activity, and depression/suicide risk in adolescents. Specifically, academic success, daily sleep duration, daily walking distance, and eating habits were found to be associated with depression and suicide probability. Encouraging physical activity and healthy eating habits, particularly avoiding eating late at night, may be beneficial in reducing the risk of depression and suicide among adolescents.
Device‐estimated sleep metrics do not mediate the relation between race and blood pressure dipping in young black and white women
Authors: D'agata Michele N. , Hoopes Elissa K. , Keiser Thomas , Patterson Freda , Szymanski Krista M. , Matias Alexs A. , Brewer Benjamin C. , Witman Melissa A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractShort, disturbed, and irregular sleep may contribute to blunted nocturnal blood pressure (BP) dipping, a predictor of cardiovascular disease. Black women (BLW) demonstrate less BP dipping and poorer sleep health than White women (WHW). However, it remains unclear whether device‐estimated sleep health metrics mediate the relation between race and BP dipping in young women. We hypothesized that the relation between race and BP dipping would be partly mediated by sleep health metrics of sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and sleep regularity. Participants (20 BLW, 17 WHW) were 18–29 years old, normotensive, nonobese, and without evidence of sleep disorders. Systolic and diastolic BP dipping were derived from 24‐h ambulatory BP monitoring. Habitual sleep duration and sleep efficiency were estimated via 14 days of wrist actigraphy. Sleep duration regularity was calculated as the standard deviation (SD) of nightly sleep duration (SDSD). Sleep timing regularity metrics were calculated as the SD of sleep onset and sleep midpoint (SMSD). Mediation analysis tested the mediating effect of each sleep metric on the relation between race and BP dipping. BLW experienced less systolic (P = .02) and diastolic (P = .01) BP dipping. Sleep duration (P = .14) was not different between groups. BLW had lower sleep efficiency (P < .01) and higher SDSD (P = .02), sleep onset SD (P < .01) and SMSD (P = .01). No sleep metrics mediated the relation between race and BP dipping (all indirect effects P > .38). In conclusion, mediation pathways of sleep health metrics do not explain racial differences in nocturnal BP dipping between young BLW and WHW.
New record of Epinephelus quoyanus (Valenciennes, 1830) predation on green sea turtle hatchlings at a turtle nesting site
Authors: Serrurier‐Arabadjieva Margot , Tolen Nicholas , Rusli Mohd Uzair , Kochzius Marc , Bachok Zainudin , Abdullah Maizah M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper presents the observations of predation by the grouper Epinephelus quoyanus on sea turtle hatchlings in Chagar Hutang bay, Redang Island, Malaysia. Two of the eight collected specimens had hatchlings in their guts, whereas the remaining specimens had empty stomachs. This field report provides an in‐depth understanding of the E. quoyanus diet and new insights into its feeding behavior.
Glyceraldehyde metabolism in mouse brain and the entry of blood‐borne glyceraldehyde into the brain
Authors: Hassel Bjørnar , Sørnes Kristian , Elsais Ahmed , Cordero Patricia Reyes , Frøland Anne Sofie , Rise Frode 
Published: June 2024

AbstractD‐Glyceraldehyde, a reactive aldehyde metabolite of fructose and glucose, is neurotoxic in vitro by forming advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with neuronal proteins. In Alzheimer's disease brains, glyceraldehyde‐containing AGEs have been detected intracellularly and in extracellular plaques. However, little information exists on how the brain handles D‐glyceraldehyde metabolically or if glyceraldehyde crosses the blood–brain barrier from the circulation into the brain. We injected [U‐13C]‐D‐glyceraldehyde intravenously into awake mice and analyzed extracts of serum and brain by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. 13C‐Labeling of brain lactate and glutamate indicated passage of D‐glyceraldehyde from blood to brain and glycolytic and oxidative D‐glyceraldehyde metabolism in brain cells. 13C‐Labeling of serum glucose and lactate through hepatic metabolism of [U‐13C]‐D‐glyceraldehyde could not explain the formation of 13C‐labeled lactate and glutamate in the brain. Cerebral glyceraldehyde dehydrogenase and reductase activities, leading to the formation of D‐glycerate and glycerol, respectively, were 0.27–0.28 nmol/mg/min; triokinase, which phosphorylates D‐glyceraldehyde to D‐glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate, has been demonstrated previously at low levels. Thus, D‐glyceraldehyde metabolism toward glycolysis could proceed both through D‐glycerate, glycerol, and D‐glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate. The aldehyde group of D‐glyceraldehyde was overwhelmingly hydrated into a diol in aqueous solution, but the diol dehydration rate greatly exceeded glyceraldehyde metabolism and did not restrict it. We conclude that (1) D‐glyceraldehyde crosses the blood–brain barrier, and so blood‐borne glyceraldehyde could contribute to AGE formation in the brain, (2) glyceraldehyde is taken up and metabolized by brain cells. Metabolism thus constitutes a detoxification mechanism for this reactive aldehyde, a mechanism that may be compromised in disease states.image