bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stochastic modeling error reduction using Bayesian approach coupled with an adaptive Kriging-based model
Authors: Abou-Elyazied Abdallh Ahmed , Dupré Luc 
Published: May 2014

Purpose– Magnetic material properties of an electromagnetic device (EMD) can be recovered by solving a coupled experimental numerical inverse problem. In order to ensure the highest possible accuracy of the inverse problem solution, all physics of the EMD need to be perfectly modeled using a complex numerical model. However, these fine models demand a high computational time. Alternatively, less accurate coarse models can be used with a demerit of the high expected recovery errors. The purpose of this paper is to present an efficient methodology to reduce the effect of stochastic modeling errors in the inverse problem solution.Design/methodology/approach– The recovery error in the electromagnetic inverse problem solution is reduced using the Bayesian approximation error approach coupled with an adaptive Kriging-based model. The accuracy of the forward model is assessed and adapted a priori using the cross-validation technique.Findings– The adaptive Kriging-based model seems to be an efficient technique for modeling EMDs used in inverse problems. Moreover, using the proposed methodology, the recovery error in the electromagnetic inverse problem solution is largely reduced in a relatively small computational time and memory storage.Originality/value– The proposed methodology is capable of not only improving the accuracy of the inverse problem solution, but also reducing the computational time as well as the memory storage. Furthermore, to the best of the authors knowledge, it is the first time to combine the adaptive Kriging-based model with the Bayesian approximation error approach for the stochastic modeling error reduction.
Approximate periodic solution for nonlinear jerk equation as a third-order nonlinear equation via modified differential transform method
Authors: Mirzabeigy Alborz , Yildirim Ahmet 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– The nonlinear jerk equation is a third-order nonlinear equation that describes some physical phenomena and in general form is given by: x = J (x, x, x). The purpose of this paper is to employ the modified (MDTM) differential transform method (DTM) to obtain approximate periodic solutions of two cases of nonlinear jerk equation.

Design/methodology/approach
– The approach is based on MDTM that is developed by combining DTM, Laplace transform and Padé approximant.

Findings
– Comparison of results obtained by MDTM with those obtained by numerical solutions indicates the excellent accuracy of solution.

Originality/value
– The MDTM is extended to determining approximate periodic solution of third-order nonlinear differential equations.
Adhesive properties of S.S to PU and PVC leathers
Authors: Jiang Shouxiang , Miao Dagang , Zhao Diandong 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the interfacial nanostructures and the adhesions of the stainless steel (S.S) coating to the polyurethane (PU) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) leathers.

Design/methodology/approach
– PU leather and PVC leather deposit S.S nano-films on the surface of PU and PVC leathers in this study. The interfacial nanostructures were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The experimental results revealed that the surface roughness of the substrates had extremely important influence on the morphology of nano-films. The adhesions of the S.S coating to the PU and PVC leathers were investigated by the peel-off test.

Findings
– The results showed that the adhesive performance of the S.S nano-films coating on PVC leather was better than that on the substrate of PU leather. Moreover, a weight loss of per peeling force calculating formulation is proposed to determine the bonding strength between the S.S films and the substrates.

Originality/value
– In this paper, influence of different substrates on surface morphology of S.S coating was studied by SEM and AFM. Moreover, the weight loss of per peeling force calculating formulation was used to discuss the bonding strength between the S.S coating and the substrates. The research methods presented in this paper are of innovation significance to a certain extent.
Car makers and upgrading: Renault in Romania
Authors: van Tuijl Erwin 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– Illustrated with the case of Renault-Dacia in Romania we aim to give insights in how and why foreign car makers contribute to upgrading. In addition, we analyse the spatial implications of this process for different parts of the value chain.

Design/methodology/approach
– We divide the investments of Renault in Romania in different stages. In each stage we analyse in which functions the car maker invests, in which place, why, and which implications this has for upgrading. The empirical data stems from in-depth interviews with Renault managers, engineers and designers in Romania and in France and from further corporate information, including annual reports, press releases and web sites.

Findings
– We show that Renault contributes to all types of upgrading, starting with product and process upgrading in the first stages, while in later stages it also invests in functional upgrading. It does not only upgrade its own subsidiary, but also suppliers and knowledge institutes. Concerning the value chain, we see that Renault keeps the basic research and control functions in the home base, while it performs all other functions in Romania as well.

Practical implications
– Via the concept of upgrading analysed in various investments stages we provide managers insights in which parts of the value chain they should invest when entering a new market.

Originality/value
– Although the case Renault-Dacia is relatively well known as an example of a low cost strategy, this article analyses the investment strategy in different stages in time and takes into account various parts of the value chain and upgrading.
The more, the better?
Authors: Emma Christine Thylefors Ingela , Persson Olle 
Published: May 2014

Purpose– This paper seeks to explore vertical and horizontal leadership and the relationship of the form of leadership to effectiveness in Swedish cross-professional health care teams.Design/methodology/approach– Questionnaire data were collected from a sample of 47 teams and observation data from a sub-sample of 38 teams. Data on leadership were condensed to indices: directive and participative leadership (vertical leadership) and functional influence and self-regulation (horizontal leadership). Effectiveness was estimated using five measures: team climate, self-assessed effectiveness, teamwork organisation, assessments of results from a simulated case conference (case quality) and manager-rated effectiveness.Findings– Positive relationships were found between leadership and effectiveness with one exception: case quality was negatively associated with vertical leadership though positively to functional influence. When controlled for team climate the correlations between self-assessed effectiveness and leadership disappeared. However, it remained between vertical leadership and the assessment of teamwork organisation. The results suggest that hierarchical and horizontal/shared leadership are complementary forms.Research limitations/implications– The small number of teams together with the problem of causality in this cross-sectional study are the main limitations.Practical implications– One implication for practice is the need for clarification of how leadership and influence should be distributed from a contingency perspective.Originality/value– This study takes both horizontal and vertical leadership into account compared with previous studies often focusing on one facet. In addition, cross-professional health care teams with their special characteristics are underrepresented within research on team leadership.
Authentic leadership and psychological ownership: investigation of interrelations
Authors: Alok Kumar 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– Authentic leadership and psychological ownership appear to be at somewhat similar stage of construct evolution. In the present study, the author asks two research questions: first, how authentic leadership relates to psychological ownership and second, how dyadic duration influences this relationship. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using correlational research design, the author collected cross-sectional data from 182 Indian professionals working in various organizations in India. The author used structural equation modeling to test the study hypotheses.

Findings
– The results showed that authentic leadership positively influenced organization-based promotive psychological ownership; however, it shared no relationship with preventive psychological ownership or territoriality. Relational transparency and self-awareness factorials of authentic leadership influenced belongingness and self-efficacy factorials of psychological ownership beyond what authentic leadership as the second-order factor could account for. Leader self-awareness negatively related to follower self-efficacy. Authentic leadership completely accounted for the effects of moral perspective and balanced processing factorials on psychological ownership. Dyadic duration was not found to have significant moderation effect.

Research limitations/implications
– Overall, the findings imply that authentic leadership may make followers dependent and allow less relational substitutability. Moral perspective may be more central to authentic leadership construct than self-awareness. Moreover, it may not be appropriate to consider territoriality as a part of psychological ownership construct.

Originality/value
– The author believes that it is the first study to investigate the factorial-level interrelations between authentic leadership and psychological ownership. It can help in advancing authentic leadership theory and refining psychological ownership construct.
Snack market on the playground: an ethnography of trade patterns of snacks among French children
Authors: Comoretto Géraldine 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– This study investigates a particular food practice which takes place in the playground at school: the afternoon snack. During this special moment, children are free to share and swap their snacks, according to their affinities. The study aims to demonstrate how this food consumption is part of the process of children's socialization.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper relies on an ethnographic study of children's behaviour during snack time. Two primary schools representing two different social backgrounds are compared. Pupils are aged from six to ten years. The systematic review of children's snacks during a three-month observation period in each school allowed the author to transform the qualitative observations into quantitative data.

Findings
– The trading of snacks between children gives rise to entire networks, strategies of exchange and sometimes even snacks theft. The food exchanges act as an indicator of social relationships between the kids. In this regard, snack time teaches us even more about children's behavior and socialization. There are two reasons for that, the first one is that the products consumed are chosen, either by the parents or the children themselves and has nothing to do with the lunch served by the school. The second one is that it is a particularly pleasant moment for them, as it is a time for sweet food shared with their peers.

Research limitations/implications
– This is a limited monograph of the snacking behaviour of 20 children with the highest attendance to afterschool study.

Originality/value
– The originality of that study is to focus on a space-time and a school food practice that are not often investigated by researchers.
Robustness of habitat‐based surrogates of animal diversity: a multitaxa comparison over time
Authors: Barton Philip S. , Westgate Martin J. , Lane Peter W. , MacGregor Christopher , Lindenmayer David B. 
Published: May 2014

Summary

Many animal taxa respond strongly to spatial and temporal variation in vegetation structure and floristic composition, suggesting that changes in vegetation could be a cheap and readily observable surrogate for changes in animal assemblages. Yet there is considerable uncertainty about how different taxa respond to vegetation over time, potentially limiting the application of habitat‐based surrogates to many areas of applied ecology.

We examined the strength and temporal consistency of habitat‐based surrogates of three different vertebrate taxa in a landscape with multiple vegetation types. We used regression models to quantify the relationships between six vegetation attributes (species richness and percentage cover of overstorey, midstorey and understorey) and three measures of bird, mammal and reptile assemblages (abundance, species richness and composition).

We found that overstorey richness and cover had both consistent and strong positive effects on bird assemblages. Vegetation effects were generally weaker and more variable for mammals and reptiles compared with birds. Each taxon displayed different temporal dynamics following fire, with negative effects on birds and mammals, but positive short‐term effects on reptiles. Surprisingly, fire increased vegetation effects on birds, but did not consistently alter vegetation effects on mammals or reptiles, indicating a lack of concordant responses among taxa.

Synthesis and applications. Empirical testing of habitat‐based surrogates of multiple animal taxa is needed to identify reliable and consistent management proxies. Our study suggests that habitat‐based surrogates could be useful metrics for quantifying changes in bird assemblages through time and after fire, but that the same metrics could not be applied to mammal and reptile assemblages. The absence of both strong and consistent effects of vegetation attributes across the three groups of vertebrates suggests that taxon‐specific habitat surrogates may be required to detect changes over time and after disturbance within heterogeneous landscapes.
Infrequent chemoradiation‐induced acute esophagitis in the Asian population: A meta‐analysis of published clinical trials for unresectable stage III non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Komiya Takefumi , Palla Shana L. , Wang Feng , Perez Raymond P. , Huang Chao H. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSevere (grade 3 or higher) esophagitis is one of the major toxicities for chemoradiation in the treatment of stage III non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The difference among ethnic groups has never been investigated in detail. Prospective trials with concurrent platinum‐containing chemoradiation in unresectable disease were investigated, and a total of 116 treatment arms with 7520 patients were identified. Univariate analysis demonstrated that treatment arms conducted in Asia had significantly lower incidence of severe esophagitis (170/2534, 6.7%, odds ratio 0.289) than in other nations (1025/4986, 20.6%). In the multivariable model, Asian/non‐Asian ethnicity, multi‐/single‐agent, and split are jointly significant predictors after adjusting for all possible factors. This study suggests that severe esophagitis occurs less frequently in the Asian population compared to the non‐Asian population.
EAACI position paper: irritant‐induced asthma
Authors: Vandenplas O. , Wiszniewska M. , Raulf M. , de Blay F. , Gerth van Wijk R. , Moscato G. , Nemery B. , Pala G. , Quirce S. , Sastre J. , Schlünssen V. , Sigsgaard T. , Siracusa A. , Tarlo S. M. , van Kampen V. , Zock J.‐P. , Walusiak‐Skorupa J. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe term irritant‐induced (occupational) asthma (IIA) has been used to denote various clinical forms of asthma related to irritant exposure at work. The causal relationship between irritant exposure(s) and the development of asthma can be substantiated by the temporal association between the onset of asthma symptoms and a single or multiple high‐level exposure(s) to irritants, whereas this relationship can only be inferred from epidemiological data for workers chronically exposed to moderate levels of irritants. Accordingly, the following clinical phenotypes should be distinguished within the wide spectrum of irritant‐related asthma: (i) definite IIA, that is acute‐onset IIA characterized by the rapid onset of asthma within a few hours after a single exposure to very high levels of irritant substances; (ii) probable IIA, that is asthma that develops in workers with multiple symptomatic high‐level exposures to irritants; and (iii) possible IIA, that is asthma occurring with a delayed‐onset after chronic exposure to moderate levels of irritants. This document prepared by a panel of experts summarizes our current knowledge on the diagnostic approach, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of the various phenotypes of IIA.
Hypersensitivity associated with sugammadex administration: a systematic review
Authors: Tsur A. , Kalansky A. 
Published: May 2014

SummarySugammadex is a drug used to reverse neuromuscular blockade induced by rocuronium or vecuronium. It has not yet been approved by the Food and Drug Administration in the USA due to concerns regarding hypersensitivity. The objective of this review was to identify similarities in the presentation of hypersensitivity reactions to sugammadex. A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science for cases reporting hypersensitivity reactions to sugammadex. In addition, we contacted regulatory agencies and the company marketing the drug for unpublished reports. Reports were included if they were in English, primary investigations, lacked an alternative probable explanation for the reaction and included a comprehensive description of the hypersensitivity. We identified 15 cases of hypersensitivity following sugammadex administration. All cases that reported exact timing (14/15) occurred in 4 min or less. Most of the patients (11/15; 73%) met World Anaphylaxis Organization criteria for anaphylaxis. Awareness must be raised for the possibility of drug‐induced hypersensitivity during the critical 5‐min period immediately following sugammadex administration.
Functional hyposplenism is an important and underdiagnosed immunodeficiency condition in children
Authors: Scheuerman O. , Bar‐Sever Z. , Hoffer V. , Gilad O. , Marcus N. , Garty B.Z. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAimFew studies have focused on paediatric hyposplenism/asplenism, in which splenic phagocytic activity is diminished or absent in an anatomically present spleen. This study aimed to evaluate clinical findings, laboratory tests and prognosis of children with functional hyposplenism/asplenism.MethodsThe study group comprised 74 children who had liver/spleen technetium‐99m sulphur colloid scintigraphy from 2002 to 2008. Information collected included demographic features, background diseases, blood smear findings, indications for scintigraphy and outcome. Children with functional hyposplenism were followed until 2012.ResultsWe found that 34 patients had functional hyposplenism/asplenism. The main indications for scintigraphy in the hyposplenic patients were persistent thrombocytosis and recurrent infections. Associated conditions included immunodeficiencies, autoimmune diseases, malignancies and genetic disorders. Main infections were sinopulmonary infections, bacteraemia and sepsis. The major pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenza group A. There was no correlation between the presence of Howell‐Jolly bodies in blood smear with clinical disease severity or scintigraphic findings. Repeated scintigraphy showed spontaneous normalisation in 40% of patients.ConclusionFunctional hyposplenism is an important and underdiagnosed immunodeficiency condition in children, associated with various clinical conditions including prolonged unexplained thrombocytosis, immune deficiency and autoimmunity. Technetium‐99m sulphur colloid scintigraphy is the method of choice for evaluating splenic function.
Comparison of four near‐infrared spectroscopy devices shows that they are only suitable for monitoring cerebral oxygenation trends in preterm infants
Authors: Schneider Anna , Minnich Bernd , Hofstätter Edda , Weisser Christof , Hattinger‐Jürgenssen Erna , Wald Martin 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAimMeasuring cerebral oxygenation using near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has taken on an increasingly important role in the field of neonatology. Several companies have already developed commercial devices, and more publications are reporting absolute boundary values or percentiles for neonates. We compared four commercially used devices to discover whether they provided consistent results in the same patients.MethodsWe recruited nine preterm infants and tested them for 2 h, using sensors from two different devices. The measurements were carried out six times on each child, so that all four devices were compared with each other. A total of 54 measurements were conducted. The following devices were compared: the NIRO 200 (Hamamatsu Photonics K.K), the INVOS 5100c (Somanetics), the Fore‐Sight (CAS Med.) and the SenSmart X‐100 (NONIN).ResultsThe cerebral tissue oxygenation data yielded by the individual devices differed significantly from each other, ranging from a minimum difference of 2.93% to a maximum difference of 12.66%.ConclusionThe commercially available NIRS devices showed highly significant differences in local cerebral tissue oxygenation levels, to the extent that the industry cannot agree on uniform and reproducible standards. Therefore, NIRS should only be used for trend measurements in preterm infants.
Higher levels of antibodies to the tumour-associated antigen cyclin B1 in cancer-free individuals than in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Pandey J P , Kistner-Griffin E , Namboodiri A M , Iwasaki M , Kasuga Y , Hamada G S , Tsugane S 
Published: May 2014

Summary
Cyclin B1 is a checkpoint protein that regulates cell division from G2 to the M phase. Studies in mice have shown that cyclin B1 vaccine-induced immunity significantly delayed or prevented the spontaneous cancer development later in life. We hypothesized that if these results showing a protective effect of anti-cyclin B1 antibodies could be extrapolated to the human condition, cancer-free individuals should have higher levels of endogenous antibodies than patients with cancers characterized by the over-expression of this tumour-associated antigen. To test this hypothesis, we characterized a large (1739 subjects) number of multi-ethnic patients with breast cancer (which over-expresses cyclin B1) and matched controls for anti-cyclin B1 immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies. Multivariate analyses, after adjusting for the covariates, showed that cancer-free individuals had significantly higher levels of naturally occurring IgG antibodies to cyclin B1 than patients with breast cancer (mean ± standard deviation: 148·0 ± 73·6 versus 126·1 ± 67·8 arbitrary units per ml; P &lt; 0·0001). These findings may have important implications for cyclin B1-based immunotherapy against breast cancer and many other cyclin B1-over-expressing malignancies.