bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Struma ovarii with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Tan Huayun , Zhang Tingting 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundStruma ovarii, a rare ovarian neoplasm originating from germ cells within mature teratomas, typically manifests benign characteristics. However, instances of malignant transformation have been documented.Case descriptionThis report discusses a 25-year-old woman who had surgery in May 2020 to remove teratomas from both ovaries. In 2023, an ultrasound showed a complex mass in her pelvis. Further imaging tests, including CT, MRI, and F-18 FDG PET/CT scans, along with high levels of the CA 125 protein, suggested a mass in her left ovary, initially thought to be ovarian cancer. However, a closer examination after surgery found thyroid tissue and several types of cell growth but no cancer, confirming the diagnosis of struma ovarii. The pathology of hypermetabolic thyroid nodules on F-18 FDG PET/CT confirmed Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.ConclusionThis case underscores the importance of considering struma ovarii in the differential diagnosis of ovarian masses, especially in patients with a history of teratomas. It highlights the challenges in distinguishing struma ovarii from ovarian cancer due to similar clinical signs and imaging. Struma ovarii can be associated with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
The parasympathetic and sensory innervation of the proximal and distal colon in male mice
Authors: Wang Lixin , Taché Yvette 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThe distributions of extrinsic neurons innervating the colon show differences in experimental animals from humans, including the vagal and spinal parasympathetic innervation to the distal colon. The neuroanatomical tracing to the mouse proximal colon has not been studied in details. This study aimed to trace the locations of extrinsic neurons projecting to the mouse proximal colon compared to the distal colon using dual retrograde tracing.MethodsThe parasympathetic and sensory neurons projecting to colon were assessed using Cholera Toxin subunit B conjugated to Alexa-Fluor 488 or 555 injected in the proximal and distal colon of the same mice.ResultsRetrograde tracing from the proximal and distal colon labeled neurons in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) and the nodose ganglia, while the tracing from the distal colon did not label the parasympathetic neurons in the lumbosacral spinal cord at L6-S1. Neurons in the pelvic ganglia which were cholinergic projected to the distal colon. There were more neurons in the DMV and nodose ganglia projecting to the proximal than distal colon. The right nodose ganglion had a higher number of neurons than the left ganglion innervating the proximal colon. In the dorsal root ganglia (DRG), the highest number of neurons traced from the distal colon were at L6, and those from the proximal colon at T12. DRG neurons projected closely to the cholinergic neurons in the intermediolateral column of L6 spinal cord. Small percentages of neurons with dual projections to both the proximal and distal colon existed in the DMV, nodose ganglia and DRG. We also observed long projecting neurons traced from the caudal distal colon to the transverse and proximal colon, some of which were calbindin immunoreactive, while there were no retrogradely labeled neurons traced from the proximal to distal colon.DiscussionThese data demonstrated that the vagal motor and motor and sensory neurons innervate both the proximal and distal colon in mice, and the autonomic neurons in the intermediate zone of the lumbosacral spinal cord do not project directly to the mouse colon, which differs from that in humans.
The effect of intraoperative intermittent pneumatic compression on deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis in patients undergoing elective craniotomy
Authors: Qi Xiang , Wang Mengrui , Feng Kang , Ma Yu , Zhang Dan , Guo Yidi , Fan Yujie , Jiao Yubing , Zhang Xiaoyu , Wang Baoguo , Shi Zhonghua , Sun Yongxing 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivePostoperative deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is commonly observed in patients undergoing craniotomy and is associated with a high incidence of pulmonary embolism and poor clinical outcomes. Herein, we investigated the prophylactic effect of DVT of intraoperative intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) in patients undergoing craniotomy.MethodsA total of 516 patients who underwent elective craniotomy between December 2021 and December 2022 were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly assigned to the intervention group (received intraoperative IPC) or control group (without IPC). Lower extremity ultrasound was performed on both legs before and after surgery (1 h, 24 h, and 7 days post-intervention). DVT was defined as the visualization of a thrombus within the vein lumen of the leg. Coagulation and platelet function were measured at the start and end of the craniotomy.ResultsA total of 504 patients (251 in the intervention group and 253 in the control group) completed the study. Among these patients, 20.4% (103/504) developed postoperative DVT within the first week after surgery, with 16.7% occurring within 24 h. The incidence of postoperative DVT in the intervention group (9.6%, 24/251) was significantly lower than that in the control group (22.9%, 58/253, p &lt; 0.001). Intraoperative IPC reduced the risk of DVT by 64.6% (0.354, 95% CI, 0.223–0.564, p &lt; 0.001). There was no significant difference in coagulation and platelet function between the two groups (all p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionDVT may develop within 24 h after the craniotomy. Intraoperative application of IPC reduces the incidence of postoperative DVT.
Quality of life and work productivity and activity impairment among online survey respondents with migraine across a range of headache frequency
Authors: Ishii Ryotaro , Sakai Fumihiko , Sano Hiromi , Nakai Masami , Koga Nobuyuki , Matsukawa Miyuki 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe the migraine burden and healthcare utilization in the context of headache frequency using nationwide claims data linked to online survey data previously collected in Japan.BackgroundIt has been shown that increase in headache frequency can impose greater impact on individuals’ daily and social functioning, but migraine burden in those with low-frequency headaches remains largely unknown in Japan.MethodsThis post-hoc, observational study reported on 674 respondents who were working individuals and their family members aged 19–74 years, responded to an online questionnaire (response rate: 14.1% [21,704 responded/153,545 kencomⓇ registrants]), and were previously classified as having migraine. Disease burden in terms of Migraine-Specific Quality of Life (MSQ) and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) was compared across 0–3, 4–7, 8–14, and ≥ 15 monthly headache days (MHD).ResultsAmong 674 respondents, 419 (62.2%), 148 (22.0%), 61 (9.1%), and 46 (6.8%) had 0–3, 4–7, 8–14, and ≥ 15 MHD, respectively. Of those, 55 (13.1%), 31 (20.9%), 19 (31.1%), and 20 (43.5%) respondents consulted physicians for headaches. Moderate-to-severe impairments in daily activities were reported by 298 (71.1%), 110 (74.3%), 46 (75.4%), and 38 (82.6%) respondents. The proportion of the respondents with WPAI &gt;0% generally increased with increasing headache frequency (presenteeism: 41.7 and 67.5% in respondents with 0–3 and ≥ 15 MHD, respectively; overall work impairment: 44.8 and 72.5%, respectively; and activity impairment: 44.9 and 73.9%, respectively), except for absenteeism (12.4 and 22.5%, respectively). The mean MSQ score declined with increasing MHD (Role function-restrictive: 75.1 and 59.5 in those with 0–3 and ≥ 15 MHD, respectively; Role function-preventive: 85.8 and 75.0, respectively; and Emotional function: 81.9 and 63.6, respectively).ConclusionBased on the Japanese nationwide claims data, quality of life and work productivity decreased with increasing numbers of headache days. Substantial disease burden paired with low levels of healthcare utilization highlights the need for medical or non-medical intervention.
Association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and risk of colorectal cancer or colorectal adenoma: an updated meta-analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Zhao Jian-Feng , Zhou Ben-Gang , Lv Yang , Teng Qiu-Ping , Wang Xi-Mei , Li Xiao-Yi , Ding Yi 
Published: July 2024

Background and aimsIn recent years, the relationship between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) or colorectal adenoma (CRA) has gained widespread attention. Previous meta-analyses on this subject either incorporated numerous cross-sectional studies, which were susceptible to bias, or concentrated solely on a restricted number of cohort studies. Moreover, with the release of a substantial number of high-quality cohort studies on this subject in the past two years, the findings continue to be debated and contradictory. Therefore, we conducted an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies to quantitatively evaluate the magnitude of the association between them.MethodsComprehensive searches of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were conducted without language restrictions from the time of their creation up to December, 2023. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CIs) were calculated by the generic inverse variance based on the random-effects model. Moreover, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed.ResultsA total of 15 cohort studies were analyzed in this meta-analysis, which included 9,958,412 participants. The meta-analysis of 13 cohort studies showed that MASLD was linked to a higher risk of CRC (HR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.15-1.36, P &lt; 0.00001). Additionally, further subgroup analysis indicated that the combined HR remained consistent regardless of the study location, nomenclature of fatty liver disease (FLD), confirmation methods for FLD, sample size, follow-up time, and study quality. Furthermore, the meta-analysis of four cohort studies demonstrated that MASLD was correlated with an increased risk of CRA (HR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.17-1.64, P = 0.0002). The sensitivity analysis results further validated the robustness of the aboved findings.ConclusionThe results of our meta-analysis indicated that MASLD was associated with an increased risk of incident CRC/CRA. In the future, it is necessary to conduct more prospective cohort studies to thoroughly assess potential confounding factors, particularly in individuals from Europe and North America. Furthermore, related mechanism studies should be conducted to enhance our understanding of the link between MASLD and CRC/CRA.Systematic review registrationOpen Science Framework registries (https://osf.io/m3p9k).
Case report: Pyrotinib in the treatment of advanced scrotal EMPD combined with sweat gland carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Liquan , Wang Haoqiang , Cheng Donghai , Wang Wei , Lei Yue , Yang Ning , Peng Lijun , Liu Peng , Zhou Juan , Xie Bo 
Published: July 2024

Extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) is a rare cutaneous intraepithelial adenocarcinoma, which is mostly distributed in areas with sweat gland cells and mainly occurs in the anogenital skin of women. The male genital tract involvement is extremely rare and often occurs with other malignant tumors. Paget’s disease in the scrotum with sweat gland carcinoma is even rarer. In the first report of scrotal endocrine sweat gland carcinoma associated with Paget disease by Saidi et al. in 1997, no more than 50 cases have been reported in the relevant research worldwide. Early EMPD combined with sweat gland carcinoma is mainly surgical treatment, and there is no standard treatment plan for advanced EMPD with sweat gland carcinoma. Previous article has reported that chemotherapy such as paclitaxel, fluorouracil, platinum, and vinblastine and molecular targeted therapy based on the genetic test results of patients have certain efficacy. Here, we report a 79-year-old male case diagnosed with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) overexpression, which was effectively controlled by chemotherapy and anti–HER-2 treatment such as pyrotinib.
Safety and efficacy of a modified endoscopic full-thickness resection technique for gastric submucosal tumors: a case series
Authors: Zhou Yingsheng , Huang Yan , Cheng Wen , Wang Jiamin , Liu Xiaoqiang , Peng Huan , Zhang Juan , Feng Qiaoqun 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesEndoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) has proven effective and economical for patients with gastric submucosal tumors (SMTs). However, the poor operative field of view, the risk of massive hemorrhage, and the difficulties in defect closure have limited its widespread application. Herein, we described a modified EFTR technique developed to simplify the dissection and defect closure procedures using common and economical endoscopic accessories.MethodsForty-two patients who underwent the modified EFTR for gastric SMTs in the Shenzhen Guangming District People’s Hospital were enrolled in the case series. Following a cross incision to expose the intraluminal surface the tumors were captured by suction through a transparent cap and the roots were ligated using a loop. The tumors and part of the suction tissue were removed along the ligated root. A tension-relieving closure was performed by clipping the raised plica in four quadrants outside the ligated root. Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and therapeutic outcomes were evaluated retrospectively.ResultsAll tumors had an R0 resection. The median procedure time was 51.8 min (IQR 34.25 min). No severe perioperative adverse events occurred. No residual lesion or recurrence was reported during the follow-up period of 9.84 months (IQR 5.0 months).ConclusionThe safety and practicability of Modified-EFTR could allow for wide clinical application in patients with micro-gastric SMTs.
Retinal vascular reactivity in carriers of X-linked inherited retinal disease – a study using optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Gocuk Sena Ayse , Hadoux Xavier , Catipon Charmaine , Cichello Elise , Kumar Himeesh , Jolly Jasleen Kaur , van Wijngaarden Peter , Llewelyn Edwards Thomas , Ayton Lauren Nicole , Sousa David Cordeiro 
Published: July 2024

PurposeFemale carriers of X-linked inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) can show highly variable phenotypes and disease progression. Vascular reactivity, a potential disease biomarker, has not been investigated in female IRD carriers. In this study, functional optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) was used to dynamically assess the retinal microvasculature of X-linked IRD carriers.MethodsGenetically confirmed female carriers of IRDs (choroideremia or X-linked retinitis pigmentosa), and healthy women were recruited. Macular angiograms (3x3mm, Zeiss Plex Elite 9000) were obtained in 36 eyes of 15 X-linked IRD female carriers and 21 age-matched control women. Two tests were applied to test vascular reactivity: (i) mild hypoxia and (ii) handgrip test, to induce a vasodilatory or vasoconstrictive response, respectively. Changes to vessel density (VD) and vessel length density (VLD) were independently evaluated during each of the tests for both the superficial and deep capillary plexuses.ResultsIn the control group, the superficial and deep VD decreased during the handgrip test (p&lt;0.001 and p=0.037, respectively). Mean superficial VLD also decreased during the handgrip test (p=0.025), while the deep plexus did not change significantly (p=0.108). During hypoxia, VD and VLD increased in the deep plexus (p=0.027 and p=0.052, respectively) but not in the superficial plexus. In carriers, the physiologic vascular responses seen in controls were not observed in either plexus during either test, with no difference in VD or VLD noted (all p&gt;0.05).ConclusionsFunctional OCT-A is a useful tool to assess dynamic retinal microvascular changes. Subclinical impairment of the physiological vascular responses seen in carriers of X-linked IRDs may serve as a valuable clinical biomarker.
Pilose antler extracts promotes hair growth in androgenetic alopecia mice by activating hair follicle stem cells via the AKT and Wnt pathways
Authors: Wang Fenglong , He Gaiying , Liu Menghua , Sun Yanan , Ma Shuhua , Sun Zhenxiao , Wang Yi 
Published: July 2024

Background: Angrogenetic alopecia (AGA) is one of the most prevalent hair loss disorders worldwide. The hair follicle stem cell (HFSC) is closely related to the formation of hair follicle (HF) structure and HF self-renewal. The activation of HFSC in AGA is critical for hair growth. Pilose antler has been reported to have hair growth-promoting activity, but the mechanism of action on AGA and HFSC has not been reported.Methods: We previously extracted an active component from the pilose antler known as PAEs. In this study, we conducted experiments using AGA mice and HFSC. The effects of PAEs on hair growth in AGA mice were firstly detected, and then the mechanisms of PAEs for AGA were predicted by integrating network pharmacology and de novo transcriptomics data of pilose antler. Finally, biological experiments were used to validate the molecular mechanism of PAEs in treating AGA both in vivo and in vitro.Results: It was found that PAEs promoted hair regrowth by accelerating the activation of anagen, delaying the anagen-catagen transition. It also alleviated the morphological changes, such as hair shortening, thinning, miniaturization, and HF number reduction, and regulated the hair regeneration process of four subtypes of hair. We further found that PAEs could promote the proliferation of HFSC, outer root sheath (ORS) cells, and hair bulb cells in AGA mice. We then integrated network pharmacology and pilose antler transcriptomics data to predict that the mechanism of PAEs treatment in AGA mice is closely related to the PI3K-AKT/Wnt-β-Catenin pathways. Subsequently, it was also verified that PAEs could activate both pathways in the skin of AGA mice. In addition, we found that PAEs perhaps increased the number of blood vessels around dermal papilla (DP) in experiments in vivo. Meanwhile, the PAEs stimulated the HFSC proliferation in vitro and activated the AKT and Wnt pathways. However, the proliferative activity of HFSC was inhibited after blocking the Wnt pathway and AKT activity.Conclusion: This study suggests that the hair growth-promoting effect of PAEs in AGA mice may be closely related to the stimulation of the AKT and Wnt pathways, which in turn activates the proliferation of HFSC.
Hormonal differences in perpetrators of intimate partner violence
Authors: Cantos Arthur L. , Ontiveros Gabriela , Dearth Robert K. , O’Leary K. Daniel 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveIn order to gain a better understanding of the individual and joint impact of testosterone and cortisol on behavior, the present study was developed to test the differences in each hormone alone and conjointly between perpetrators of IPV and non-violent controls.MethodPerpetrators of IPV on probation were compared to a control group of non-aggressive males from Hidalgo County in the Rio Grande Valley on baseline testosterone and cortisol, as well as several relevant questionnaires measuring aggression and trait anger. Differences in cortisol following exposure to a stressful event were also examined. Procedures included two laboratory visits consisting of questionnaires, a number of salivary testosterone and cortisol collections, and exposure to a stressor.ResultsPerpetrators had higher basal testosterone and post stressor cortisol levels than non- violent controls as well as a higher T/C ratio. In addition, trait anger moderated the relationship between both testosterone alone, and the testosterone/cortisol ratio and perpetration of IPV.ConclusionResults are consistent with the hypothesis that testosterone leads to antisocial behavior, including perpetration of violence. The results are also consistent with the dual hormone hypothesis, i.e., that testosterone and cortisol work together to jointly regulate social dominance and aggression. Both the increased freestanding testosterone and the increased cortisol following exposure to stress places these men at risk for perpetrating violence. Clinical implications are discussed.
Effects of gender and age on sleep EEG functional connectivity differences in subjects with mild difficulty falling asleep
Authors: Luo Xiaodong , Zhou Bin , Shi Jilong , Li Gang , Zhu Yixia 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionDifficulty falling asleep place an increasing burden on society. EEG-based sleep staging is fundamental to the diagnosis of sleep disorder, and the selection of features for each sleep stage is a key step in the sleep analysis. However, the differences of sleep EEG features in gender and age are not clear enough.MethodsThis study aimed to investigate the effects of age and gender on sleep EEG functional connectivity through statistical analysis of brain functional connectivity and machine learning validation. The two-overnight sleep EEG data of 78 subjects with mild difficulty falling asleep were categorized into five sleep stages using markers and segments from the "sleep-EDF" public database. First, the 78 subjects were finely grouped, and the mutual information of the six sleep EEG rhythms of δ, θ, α, β, spindle, and sawtooth wave was extracted as a functional connectivity measure. Then, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to extract significant differences in functional connectivity of sleep rhythm waves across sleep stages with respect to age and gender. Finally, machine learning algorithms were used to investigate the effects of fine grouping of age and gender on sleep staging. Results and discussionThe results showed that: (1) The functional connectivity of each sleep rhythm wave differed significantly across sleep stages, with delta and beta functional connectivity differing significantly across sleep stages. (2) Significant differences in functional connections among young and middle-aged groups, and among young and elderly groups, but no significant difference between middle-aged and elderly groups. (3) Female functional connectivity strength is generally higher than male at the high-frequency band of EEG, but no significant difference in the low-frequency. (4) Finer group divisions based on gender and age can indeed improve the accuracy of sleep staging, with an increase of about 3.58% by using the random forest algorithm. Our results further reveal the electrophysiological neural mechanisms of each sleep stage, and find that sleep functional connectivity differs significantly in both gender and age, providing valuable theoretical guidance for the establishment of automated sleep stage models.