bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tandem one‐pot synthesis of block copolymers for anion exchange membranes
Authors: Lai Ao Nan , Wang Zhen , Lin Ren Ke , Han Xin Zhi , Zhou Shu Feng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe anion exchange membrane (AEM) suffered from poor mechanical properties and low ionic conductivity in fuel cells. Herein, a series of novel block fluorene‐contained poly(arylene ether ketone)s backbones are synthesized by a tandem one‐pot process and then grafted with alkyl chains to form comb‐shaped structure for preparing AEMs. The one‐pot synthesis of block copolymer avoids the multiple purifications of oligomers. The membranes' structure–property relationship is studied by changing the ratios of hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments. The designed comb‐shaped structures grafted on fluorene‐containing block backbones can widen the space between chains and form clear microphase separation patterns, as determined by atomic force microscope (AFM) and small angle x‐ray scattering (SAXS). Hence, resulting AEMs have a high ionic conductivity (117.4 mS cm−1, 80°C). Meanwhile, they also present low swelling rate (SR) from 12.76% to 18.51% at 30°C, 16.84% to 24.36% at 60°C, and 18.33% to 25.81% at 80°C. In addition, excellent mechanical properties, that is, an elongation at break of 29.63% and a tensile strength of 28.72 MPa, are achieved and showed the promise of as‐fabricated AEMs in fuel cell applications.
Dynamic event‐triggered fault identification for nonlinear systems via deterministic learning
Authors: Zeng Chujian , Chen Tianrui , Chen Si‐Zhe , Wu Qiuye 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a fault identification strategy for nonlinear systems is proposed by combining the deterministic learning (DL)‐based adaptive high‐gain observer (AHGO) with a dynamic event‐triggered mechanism (DETM). The DL theory is utilized to satisfy the partial persistent excitation condition, while the AHGO is employed to estimate the system states and fault functions simultaneously. Two DETMs are adopted to reduce data transmission and computational burden. The inter‐event intervals of the considered event‐triggered mechanisms are proven to be positive, thus excluding the Zeno phenomenon. The novelty of this paper lies in that, through the special design of AHGO and event‐triggered conditions, the estimation errors can converge to zero with arbitrary precision. Meanwhile, by incorporating the estimated output error into the DETM design, it is demonstrated that the number of events can be adaptively adjusted based on the fault signal. Furthermore, the relationship between the observer gain and system performance, as well as the inter‐event interval, is revealed (The event‐triggered mechanisms design method that ensures exponential convergence of the observer). Finally, the effectiveness of the developed strategy is verified through a simulation example.
Investigating the physicochemical, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of chitosan film containing zero‐valent iron nanoparticles and oregano essence
Authors: Khodaparast Farzaneh Khalil , Pirsa Sajad , Toupchi Farzad Mirab , Mohtarami Forogh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe problems caused by the pollution of the environment by petroleum polymers in recent years have caused researchers to think of replacing petroleum polymers with biodegradable and natural polymers. The aim of this research was to produce composite film of chitosan (Chit)/zero‐valent iron (Fe) nanoparticles/oregano essence (Ess) (Chit/Fe/Ess). Central composite design was used to study physical, morphological, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of films. The results showed that with the increase of iron nanoparticles and oregano essence, the thickness of the film increased. The moisture, solubility and water vapor permeability of the film decreased with the increase of iron nanoparticles and oregano essence. The results of the mechanical test showed that with the increase of iron nanoparticles and oregano essence, the tensile strength and elongation at break point decreased. Iron nanoparticles and oregano essence increased significantly the antioxidant activity of the film. The results of the antimicrobial activity of the prepared films show that the addition of iron nanoparticles and oregano essence enhanced the antimicrobial activity of the film against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. X‐ray diffraction analysis showed that iron nanoparticles were physically combined with chitosan polymer. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results confirmed the physical presence of iron nanoparticles and oregano essence in the polymer matrix. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the surface of nanocomposite films is more heterogeneous than chitosan. Iron nanoparticles and oregano essence could delay the thermal decomposition of chitosan and increase the thermal stability of chitosan film.
Intrinsic motivation and its influence in eco shopping basket
Authors: Buil Tamar , Mata Pedro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGreen, organic, ecological or sustainable are common adjectives used to characterise food that is produced and processed in harmony with natural systems and cycles. The research analysed the inherent drivers behind consumers' preference for organic food and investigated how these drivers influence the prominence of organic products within consumers' shopping baskets. The investigation also dealt with the difference between intended and effective purchase of organic products, as well as the moderating effect of intrinsic motivation on the weight of organic products in consumers' basket of goods. To achieve this, there was examined a sample of 627 respondents gathered through an online panel survey. Cross‐tabulation and one‐way analysis of variance for data analysis were used. The findings revealed that consumers are intrinsically motivated to opt for organic food, which leads to a substantial increase in the proportion of organic items within their shopping baskets and a heightened willingness to allocate more of their budget to such products. This study furnishes empirical evidence underscoring the inherent factors propelling organic food consumption and the significance of comprehending the driving forces that shape consumer behaviour. The outcomes of this study augment the existing body of knowledge pertaining to organic food consumption and provide implications for retailers, policymakers and marketing strategists vested in advancing the cause of organic food.
Cardiac arrest during deep brain stimulation: A case report
Authors: Oberholzer Julian , Fayolle Damien , Vandenbulcke Alberto , Gaudet John G. 
Published: July 2024

Key Clinical MessageWe present the case of a 54‐year‐old male with severe Parkinson's disease and chronic, non‐reversible pulmonary artery hypertension who had seizures and a cardiorespiratory arrest during surgery for deep brain stimulation, a minimally invasive procedure usually associated with a low risk of complications. This case illustrates how perioperative changes in antiparkinsonian therapy in patient with multiple comorbidities may significantly affect the risk profile.
A case report of MoCD etiology in a neonate: A novel homozygous MoCS2 variant
Authors: Sayed Jamal , Nasir Abdallah , Sayed Ahmed Gamal , Alghamdi Omar A. , Alsharif Elaf Jameel 
Published: July 2024

Key Clinical MessageMolybdenum cofactor deficiency is a rare and fatal genetic disorder. Due to recurrence in the family, the etiological diagnosis could have impacted family planning and alertness to future offspring.AbstractMolybdenum cofactor deficiency (MoCD) is a rare and fatal genetic disorder that impairs molybdenum‐dependent enzymes, resulting in conspicuous elevated urine sulfite levels and lowered serum uric acid levels. The disorder may be early‐onset, causing high fatality in neonates due to secondary complications, or late‐onset, manifesting in the first 2 years of life. Severe seizures, progressive neurological degeneration, motor abnormalities, and feeding difficulties are hallmarks of MoCD. Due to the similarity of clinical findings with those of sulfite oxidase deficiency and its neurological findings with hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy, determining the true etiology remains challenging in MoCD patients. This case report presents a neonate in the first week of life with early onset refractory seizures, motor abnormalities, hypoactivity, and poor feeding behavior. Administering anti‐epileptic drugs did not improve the patient's condition, who started decompensating further. Nevertheless, a thorough screening for metabolic disorders revealed low serum uric acid and high sulfite levels in the urine, indicating potential MoCD. A whole exome sequencing (WES) was thus consulted for confirmatory diagnosis. Unfortunately, the patient's WES results were received after his demise, revealing MoCD caused by a novel variant of the MoCS2 gene that has not yet been reported to the best of our knowledge. This case emphasizes the need to disseminate crucial information regarding MoCD and its etiologies for prompt molecular diagnosis to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Visible‐Light‐Mediated Cyclization of 1,3‐Diones and Chalcogenoalkynes: An Eco‐Friendly Protocol for the Regioselective Formation of Polysubstituted Chalcogenofurans
Authors: Dalberto Bianca Thaís , Vieira Marcelo Marques , Padilha Nathalia Batista , Stieler Rafael , Schneider Paulo Henrique 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHere, we present the synthesis of polysubstituted chalcogenofurans involving an oxidative cycloaddition between 1,3‐diones and chalcogenoalkynes. The method utilizes blue LEDs as a clean energy source, methylene blue as a photocatalyst – an inexpensive and non‐toxic dye – and ammonium persulfate as an oxidant, all conducted at room temperature. This benign protocol enables access to a wide range of chalcogenofurans with good to excellent yields and outstanding regioselectivity. Only one regioisomer was obtained, indicating strong radical stabilization by the chalcogen atom. Various functionalities in both alkynes and 1,3‐diones demonstrated amenability to the developed reaction. A mechanistic understanding, derived from control experiments and the detection of radical intermediates, suggests that a radical forms at the carbon‐2 position of the 1,3‐dione, which subsequently adds to the chalcogenoalkyne, resulting in the formation of an olefinic intermediate. Following this, an intramolecular radical addition occurs, which, upon photoredox cycle closure, leads to the formation of the desired products.
Fluiddynamik von Kolonneneinbauten unter Berücksichtigung von Fouling
Authors: Engel Volker 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDie fluiddynamische Berechnung von Kolonneneinbauten ist entscheidend für deren Auslegung. Die verschiedenen Foulingeffekte (durch Kristallisation, Partikel, chemische Reaktion) beeinflussen die Fluiddynamik von Kolonnen auf unterschiedliche Weise (Kapazität, Trennleistung). Aktuelle Berechnungsmodelle basieren jedoch auf sauberen Systemen und beziehen kein Fouling mit ein. Durch die richtige Berücksichtigung der durch Fouling veränderten geometrischen Parameter können die klassischen Modelle verwendet werden, um den Zustand von Einbauten in ihrer zeitlichen Entwicklung berechnen zu können.
TAG‐Assisted Liquid‐Phase Synthesis and Structure Activity Relationship of Macolacin‐Based Side‐to‐Tail Cyclopeptides Antibiotic
Authors: Li Haidi , Jin Yuankui , Pei Minfan , Zhang Linyan , Wang Lianjun , Yang Yuxin , Xiang Peng , Liang Taigang 
Published: July 2024

Comprehensive SummaryTAG‐assisted peptide synthesis technology enables optimal conservation of Fmoc amino acid raw materials and chemical solvents while eliminating the need for intricate chromatographic purification processes. This work presents a 4,4'‐diphenylphosphonoxy diphenylcarbinol tag‐mediated liquid‐phase synthesis approach for preparing side‐to‐tail cyclopeptides macolacin which has strong activity against gram‐negative bacteria, and its 15 analogues containing four N‐methylation modified cyclopeptides, as well as an investigation of their structure‐activity relationship (SAR). The synthesis of macolacin analogues primarily focuses on the modifications of the N‐methylation group of Ile‐7 and the tail fatty acyl chain of macolacin. The incorporation of N‐methylation for Ile‐7, along with the dihalogenated or monohalogenated benzoic acids for tail modification, exhibited remarkable antibacterial efficacy and minimal hepatocellular toxicity in vitro. The present study identified an N‐methylation‐modified antimicrobial cyclopeptide Ma14 that exhibits rapid bactericidal efficacy against A. baumanii, etc., while showing reduced hepatocellular toxicity. Molecular docking simulations were conducted to investigate the binding of cyclopeptides to the outer membrane protein BamA of A. baumannii. The findings demonstrated the stable binding interactions of the cyclopeptides with the BamA protein and then presented a novel approach to explain the bacteriostatic mechanism of macolacin‐based cyclopeptide antibiotics.
A General Electron Donor‐Acceptor Photoactivation Using Oxime Esters Enabled Divergent Thioetherifications†
Authors: Lu Maojian , Jiang Liang‐Liang , Xu Yue‐Ming , Li Sanliang , Tong Qing‐Xiao , Zhong Jian‐Ji 
Published: July 2024

Comprehensive SummaryThe EDA complex‐mediated reactions involving oxime esters have been few studied. Herein, an EDA complex formed by thiophenolate anion and oxime ester is reported for photoinduced divergent synthesis of thioethers, depending on different types of oxime esters. Operational simplicity, mild reaction conditions, and flexible options of leaving group demonstrate the generality and synthetic utility of this approach. Such an approach can also enable an interesting thiol‐catalysis for the synthesis of phenanthridines.
Metal‐Support Interaction Boosts Au Catalysts for Hydrogen Evolution‐Coupled Ethanol Electro‐Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Yin Yiquan , Gu Fangwei , Wang Yuxin , Chen Chengjin , Wang Yongsheng , Zhu Wei , Zhuang Zhongbin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractElectrochemical hydrogen and acetate cogeneration from ethanol is a promising green hydrogen production technique with low hydrogen production energy consumption and high profitability. However, the poor catalytic stability of the anodic ethanol electro‐oxidation reaction (EOR) retards the device application. We adopted a metal support interaction strategy to reinforce small‐sized Au active sites using cuprous sulfide supports. The Au−Cu2–xS/C showed a superior activity of 1055 mA mgAu−1 at 1.1 V vs. RHE and retained the high activity in the chronopotentiometric test, surpassing the Au/C catalyst. It was demonstrated that the Cu2–xS support facilitated the formation of Au−OH and prevented the gold sites from aggregation, leading to high activity and stability for EOR. Finally, an electrochemical cogeneration electrolyzer assembled with the Au−Cu2–xS/C anodic catalyst continuously ran for over 100 hours, suggesting the device‘s applicability.
Upregulation of the long noncoding RNA GJA9‐MYCBP and PVT1 is a potential diagnostic biomarker for acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Shahamiri Kamal , Alghasi Arash , Saki Najmaldin , Teimori Hossein , Kaydani Gholam Abbas , sheikhi Setare 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAcute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of blood cancer in children. Aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) may set stages for ALL development. LncRNAs are emerging as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for ALL. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the expression of lncRNA GJA9‐MYCBP and PVT1 in blood samples of ALL and healthy individuals.MethodsAs a case–control study, 40 pairs of ALL and healthy individual samples were used. The expression of MYC and each candidate lncRNA was measured using quantitative real‐time PCR. Any possible association between the expression of putative noncoding RNAs and clinicopathological characteristics was also evaluated.ResultsLncRNA GJA9‐MYCBP and PVT1 were significantly upregulated in ALL samples compared with healthy ones. Similarly, mRNA levels of MYC were increased in ALL samples than control ones. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated a satisfactory diagnostic efficacy (p‐value <.0001), suggesting that lncRNA GJA9‐MYCBP and PVT1 may serve as a diagnostic biomarker for ALL. Linear regression analysis unveiled positive correlations between the expression level of MYC and lncRNA GJA9‐MYCBP and PVT1 in ALL patients (p‐values <.01).ConclusionsIn this study, we provided approval for the clinical diagnostic significance of lncRNA GJA9‐MYCBP and PVT1that their upregulations may be a diagnostic biomarker for ALL.
Effect of Mild or Moderate Hepatic Impairment on the Pharmacokinetics of Avacopan, a Small‐Molecule Complement C5a Receptor Antagonist, for the Treatment of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Autoantibody‐Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Miao Shichang , Suso Pablo , Furst John A. , Hudson Matthew G. , Trivedi Ashit 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAvacopan is currently approved in several regions of the world as an oral treatment in combination with standard therapy, including glucocorticoids, for adult patients with severe active antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody‐associated vasculitis. In vitro and clinical studies have established that avacopan is primarily eliminated through cytochrome P450 3A4 metabolism. This Phase 1, open‐label, single‐dose study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06004934) was conducted to evaluate the effect of mild (n = 8) or moderate (n = 8) hepatic impairment compared with normal hepatic function (n = 8) on the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of a single oral dose of 30 mg of avacopan in patients without active antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody‐associated vasculitis. Relative to participants with normal hepatic function, in participants with mild or moderate hepatic impairment, the avacopan area under the plasma concentration‐time curve from time 0 to infinity geometric mean ratios (90% confidence intervals) were 1.3 (0.9‐2.0) and 1.1 (0.6‐2.0), respectively, and the avacopan maximum plasma concentration geometric mean ratios (90% CIs) were 1.0 (0.8‐1.3) and 0.8 (0.6‐1.1), respectively. The geometric mean ratios of metabolite M1 also revealed no pharmacokinetically relevant increase in the peak exposure of M1 in participants with mild or moderate hepatic impairment. Thus, no avacopan dosage adjustment is necessary for patients with mild or moderate hepatic impairment.
Synthesis of Ternary Photoactive Heterojunction B/CN@rGO for Visible Light Driven Selective Photooxidation of Benzyl Alcohol
Authors: Trivedi Komal , Yadav Bhanupriya , Shrivastav Rohit , Modi Chetan K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis work introduces a novel ternary heterostructure as a photocatalyst to selectively produce benzaldehyde from benzyl alcohol through photooxidation. We have synthesized bismuth vanadate functionalized graphitic carbon nitride decorated reduced graphene oxide B/CN@rGO ternary composite and subsequently subjected it to several characterization methodologies like XRD, FE‐SEM, HR‐TEM, XPS, FT‐IR, TGA, UV‐vis DRS, and EIS. The synthesized B/CN@rGO was effectively used in the photooxidation process to produce benzaldehyde from benzyl alcohol, employing a cost‐effective white LED light of 200 W. Remarkable selectivity (100 %) towards the benzaldehyde was attained employing green oxidant H2O2. In addition, the synthesized photocatalyst showed unique thermal stability and could be reused for over five cycles without compromising the selectivity of the resulting product. Based on our comprehensive review of the existing study, the present work introduces a unique approach for the photooxidation of benzyl alcohol, employing B/CN@rGO ternary heterostructure as the photocatalyst.
Constructing Hydrangea‐Like Iron‐Cobalt Phosphides via Boron‐Assisted Strategy as an Efficient Catalyst for Water Splitting at High Current Density
Authors: Pan Hongzhou , Hao Ruixin , Wang Luyao , Yu Yi , Yang Nan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFinding suitable bifunctional catalysts for industrial hydrogen production is the key to fully building a hydrogen energy society. In this study, we present a novel approach to modifying the surface morphology of electrodeposited cobalt phosphide (CoP). Specifically, we have developed a method to create a hydrangea‐like structure of bimetallic cobalt‐iron phosphide (B‐CoFeP@CoP) through ion‐exchange and NaBH4‐assisted strategies. This catalyst exhibited excellent bifunctional catalytic capability at high current densities, achieving a current density of 500 mA cm−2 at a small overpotential (387 mV for OER and 252 mV for HER). When assembled into an OWS electrolyzer, this catalyst showed a fairly low cell voltage (≈1.88 V) at 500 mA cm−2 current density., Furthermore, B‐CoFeP@CoP shows ceaseless durability over 120 h in both freshwater and seawater with almost no change in the cell voltage. A combined experimental and theoretical study identified that the unique hydrangea‐like structure provided a larger electrochemically active surface area and more effective active sites. Further analysis indicates that during the OER process, phosphides ensure that bimetallic active sites adsorb more OOH * intermediates and further DFT calculations showed that B‐Fe2P and B‐Co2P acted as active centers for dissociation of H2O and desorption of H2, respectively, to synergistically catalyze the HER process.
Energy‐efficient mechanisms for sustainable operations in vehicular fog networks: Challenges, state‐of‐the‐art, and future directions
Authors: Jiang Jing 
Published: July 2024

SummaryVehicular fog networks (VFNs) improve vehicular communications by incorporating fog computing into the existing vehicular infrastructure. The integration of fog computing and vehicular communication results in the development of a diverse range of novel applications and services, including intelligent transportation systems and real‐time data analytics. This paradigm has evolved as an innovative strategy that deals with the load on cloudlet nodes, improves service response time during high‐demand periods, and saves energy in battery‐powered devices. VFN is realized by offloading user workloads to vehicular devices, taking advantage of the underutilized computational power of nearby vehicles. While VFN holds great promise, its widespread adoption faces many challenges, including ineffective energy‐latency tradeoff mechanisms and optimal resource allocation strategies. This study provides a thorough analysis that explores the challenges, examines current approaches, and suggests ways to improve the tradeoffs between energy and latency, thereby optimizing network resources. The study offers constructive recommendations for enhancing the development and establishing more robust VFNs.