bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immune signaling pathways in Rhodnius prolixus in the context of Trypanosoma rangeli infection: cellular and humoral immune responses and microbiota modulation
Authors: Pereira Suelen Bastos , Mattos Débora Passos de , Gonzalez Marcelo Salabert , Mello Cicero Brasileiro , Azambuja Patrícia , Castro Daniele Pereira de , Vieira Cecília Stahl 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionRhodnius prolixus is a hematophagous insect and one of the main vectors for Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli parasites in Latin America. Gut microbiota and insect immune responses affect T. cruzi and T. rangeli infection within triatomines. Particularly the Toll and IMD signaling pathways activations and how they orchestrate the antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) expressions in R. prolixus, especially when infected by T. rangeli.ObjectivesExamine how T. rangeli infection modulates R. prolixus cellular and humoral immunity and its impacts on insect microbiota.MethodsR. prolixus was fed on blood containing epimastigotes of T. rangeli, and infection was quantified in insect tissues. The gene expression of dorsal, cactus, relish, PGRP, and AMPs was examined in the midgut, fat body, and salivary glands by quantitative real-time PCR. Microbiota composition was analyzed using RT-q PCR targeting specific bacterial species. Hemocyte numbers and phenoloxidase activity were quantified to assess cellular immune responses.ResultsT. rangeli infection modulated triatomine immunity in midgut and hemocoel, activating the expression of the NF-kB gene dorsal, associated with the Toll pathway; increasing expression of the gene encoding PGRP receptor, a component involved in the IMD pathway, both in the intestine and fat body; repressing the expression of the relish transcription factor, mainly in salivary glands. Among the R. prolixus AMPs studied, T. rangeli infection repressed all AMP gene expression, other than defensin C which increased mRNA levels. The PO activity was enhanced in the hemolymph of infected insects. T. rangeli infection did not induce hemocyte number alterations compared to control insects. However, an increase in hemocyte microaggregation was detected in infected insects.DiscussionR. prolixus recognizes T. rangeli infection and triggers humoral and cellular immune responses involving Toll pathway activation, defensin C synthesis, increased phenoloxidase activity, and enhanced hemocyte aggregation. On the other hand, T. rangeli infection suppressed some IMD pathway components, suggesting that, in R. prolixus, this pathway is involved in defensins A and B gene regulation. Importantly, these immune responses altered the bacterial microbiota composition, potentially favoring T. rangeli establishment in the insect vector.
Shotgun proteomics profiling of chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) reveals genotypic differential responses to viability loss
Authors: Rodríguez María Emilia , Poza-Viejo Laura , Maestro-Gaitán Isaac , Schneider-Teixeira Aline , Deladino Lorena , Ixtaina Vanesa , Reguera Maria 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionExposure to elevated temperatures and relative humidity expedites the seed aging process, finally leading to seed viability loss. In this context, certain proteins play a pivotal role in safeguarding the longevity of seeds. However, the seedproteomic response to loss viability in Salvia hispanica L., commonly known as chia, remains incompletely understood. MethodsThis work explores the application of proteomics as a potent tool for uncovering molecular responses to viability loss caused by artificial aging in two chia genotypes, WN and MN. ResultsBy using a quantitative label-free proteomics analysis (LC-MS/MS), 1787 proteins wereidentified in chia seeds at a 95% confidence level, including storage proteins, heat shock proteins (HSPs), late embryogenesis abundant proteins (LEA),oleosins, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related enzymes, and ribosomal proteins. A relatively low percentage of exclusive proteins were identified in viable and non-viable seeds. However, proteins exhibiting differential abundancebetween samples indicated variations in the genotype and physiological status. Specifically, the WN genotype showed 130 proteins with differential abundancecomparing viable and non-viable seeds, while MN displayed changes in the abundance of 174 proteins. While both showed a significant decrease in keyproteins responsible for maintaining seed functionality, longevity, and vigor withhigh-temperature and humidity conditions, such as LEA proteins or HSPs, ROS, and oleosins, distinct responses between genotypes were noted, particularly in ribosomal proteins that were accumulated in MN and diminished in WN seeds.DiscussionOverall, the results emphasize the importance of evaluating changes in proteins of viable and non-viable seeds as they offer valuable insights into the underlying biological mechanisms responsible for the maintenance of chia seed integrity throughout high-temperature and humidity exposure.
Multichannel tDCS with advanced targeting for major depressive disorder: a tele-supervised at-home pilot study
Authors: Ruffini Giulio , Salvador Ricardo , Castaldo Francesca , Baleeiro Thais , Camprodon Joan A. , Chopra Mohit , Cappon Davide , Pascual-Leone Alvaro 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionProof-of-principle human studies suggest that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) may improve depression severity. This open-label multicenter study tested remotely supervised multichannel tDCS delivered at home in patients (N=35) with major depressive disorder (MDD). The primary aim was to assess the feasibility and safety of our protocol. As an exploratory aim, we evaluated therapeutic efficacy: the primary efficacy measure was the median percent change from baseline to the end of the 4-week post-treatment follow-up period in the observer-rated Montgomery-Asberg Depression Mood Rating Scale (MADRS).MethodsParticipants received 37 at-home stimulation sessions (30 minutes each) of specifically designed multichannel tDCS targeting the left DLPFC administered over eight weeks (4 weeks of daily treatments plus 4 weeks of taper), with a follow-up period of 4 weeks following the final stimulation session. The stimulation montage (electrode positions and currents) was optimized by employing computational models of the electric field generated by multichannel tDCS using available structural data from a similar population (group optimization). Conducted entirely remotely, the study employed the MADRS for assessment at baseline, at weeks 4 and 8 during treatment, and at 4-week follow-up visits.Results34 patients (85.3% women) with a mean age of 59 years, a diagnosis of MDD according to DSM-5 criteria, and a MADRS score ≥20 at the time of study enrolment completed all study visits. At baseline, the mean time since MDD diagnosis was 24.0 (SD 19.1) months. Concerning compliance, 85% of the participants (n=29) completed the complete course of 37 stimulation sessions at home, while 97% completed at least 36 sessions. No detrimental effects were observed, including suicidal ideation and/or behavior. The study observed a median MADRS score reduction of 64.5% (48.6, 72.4) 4 weeks post-treatment (Hedge’s g = -3.1). We observed a response rate (≥ 50% improvement in MADRS scores) of 72.7% (n=24) from baseline to the last visit 4 weeks post-treatment. Secondary measures reflected similar improvements.ConclusionsThese results suggest that remotely supervised and supported multichannel home-based tDCS is safe and feasible, and antidepressant efficacy motivates further appropriately controlled clinical studies.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05205915?tab=results, identifier NCT05205915.
Dysregulated zinc homeostasis and microadenomas in the anterior pituitary: pathological insights into suicide risk
Authors: Tendilla-Beltrán Hiram , Aguilar-Alonso Patricia , Hernández-González Carlos Alejandro , Baltazar-Gaytán Eduardo , Orduña Ana A. , Nicolini Humberto , García-Dolores Fernando , Flores Gonzalo 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundSuicide is a significant public health problem influenced by various risk factors, including dysregulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Zinc (Zn), essential for pituitary function in hormone synthesis and release, has been linked to suicide, with studies noting reduced serum levels and altered brain transport mechanisms. Despite Zn’s crucial role in pituitary function and its involvement in suicidal behavior, information on pituitary Zn in suicide is scarce. Tumor cells modify Zn dynamics in tissues, and a previous report suggests microadenomas in the anterior pituitary as a risk factor for suicide.MethodsHistopathological analysis with hematoxylin-eosin stain and histochemical techniques to assess Zn homeostasis were carried out on anterior pituitary postmortem samples from 14 suicide completers and 9 non-suicidal cases.ResultsPituitary microadenomas were identified in 35% of suicide cases and none in the non-suicidal cases. Furthermore, compartmentalized Zn (detected via dithizone reactivity), but not free Zn levels (detected via zinquin reactivity), was lower in the suicide cases compared to the non-suicidal group.ConclusionThis is the first report of a potential association between disrupted Zn homeostasis and microadenomas in the anterior pituitary as a feature in suicide and provides critical insights for future neuroendocrine Zn-related research.
Examining media’s coverage of COVID-19 vaccines and social media sentiments on vaccine manufacturers’ stock prices
Authors: Bai Shun Yao , Lee Edmund W. J. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic caused a widespread public health and financial crisis. The rapid vaccine development generated extensive discussions in both mainstream and social media, sparking optimism in the global financial markets. This study aims to explore the key themes from mainstream media’s coverage of COVID-19 vaccines on Facebook and examine how public interactions and responses on Facebook to mainstream media’s posts are associated with daily stock prices and trade volume of major vaccine manufacturers.MethodsWe obtained mainstream media’s coverage of COVID-19 vaccines and major vaccine manufacturers on Facebook from CrowdTangle, a public insights tool owned and operated by Facebook, as well as the corresponding trade volume and daily closing prices from January 2020 to December 2021. Structural topic modelling was used to analyze social media posts while regression analysis was conducted to determine the impact of Facebook reactions on stock prices and trade volume.Results10 diverse topics ranging from vaccine trials and their politicization (note: check that we use American spelling throughout), to stock market discussions were found to evolve over the pandemic. Although Facebook reactions were not consistently associated with vaccine manufacturers’ stock prices, ‘Haha’ and ‘Angry’ reactions showed the strongest association with stock price fluctuations. In comparison, social media reactions had little observable impact on trading volume.DiscussionTopics generated reflect both actual events during vaccine development as well as its political and economic impact. The topics generated in this study reflect both the actual events surrounding vaccine development and its broader political and economic impact. While we anticipated a stronger correlation, our findings suggest a limited relationship between emotional reactions on Facebook and vaccine manufacturers’ stock prices and trading volume. We also discussed potential technical enhancements for future studies, including the integration of large language models.
Unsupervised clustering reveals acoustic diversity and niche differentiation in pulsed calls from a coral reef ecosystem
Authors: Noble Allison E. , Jensen Frants H. , Jarriel Sierra D. , Aoki Nadege , Ferguson Sophie R. , Hyer Matthew D. , Apprill Amy , Mooney T. Aran 
Published: August 2024

Coral reefs are biodiverse marine ecosystems that are undergoing rapid changes, making monitoring vital as we seek to manage and mitigate stressors. Healthy reef soundscapes are rich with sounds, enabling passive acoustic recording and soundscape analyses to emerge as cost-effective, long-term methods for monitoring reef communities. Yet most biological reef sounds have not been identified or described, limiting the effectiveness of acoustic monitoring for diversity assessments. Machine learning offers a solution to scale such analyses but has yet to be successfully applied to characterize the diversity of reef fish sounds. Here we sought to characterize and categorize coral reef fish sounds using unsupervised machine learning methods. Pulsed fish and invertebrate sounds from 480 min of data sampled across 10 days over a 2-month period on a US Virgin Islands reef were manually identified and extracted, then grouped into acoustically similar clusters using unsupervised clustering based on acoustic features. The defining characteristics of these clusters were described and compared to determine the extent of acoustic diversity detected on these reefs. Approximately 55 distinct calls were identified, ranging in centroid frequency from 50 Hz to 1,300 Hz. Within this range, two main sub-bands containing multiple signal types were identified from 100 Hz to 400 Hz and 300 Hz–700 Hz, with a variety of signals outside these two main bands. These methods may be used to seek out acoustic diversity across additional marine habitats. The signals described here, though taken from a limited dataset, speak to the diversity of sounds produced on coral reefs and suggest that there might be more acoustic niche differentiation within soniferous fish communities than has been previously recognized.
YOLO Recognition Method for Tea Shoots Based on Polariser Filtering and LFAnet
Authors: Peng Jinyi , Zhang Yongnian , Xian Jieyu , Wang Xiaochan , Shi Yinyan 
Published: August 2024

This study proposes a YOLOv5 inspection model based on polariser filtering (PF) to improve the recognition accuracy of the machine vision inspection model for tea leaf shoots when operating under intense outdoor light. To study the influence of the polariser parameters on the quality of the tea shoot image datasets, we improved the YOLOv5 algorithm module, inputted the results obtained from the spatial pyramid pooling structure in the backbone module into the neck module, set the up-sampling link of the neck module as a low-level feature alignment (LFA) structure, and used a bounding box similarity comparison metric based on the minimum point distance (mpdiou) to improve the accuracy of the YOLOv5 detection model. The mpdiou loss function is used to replace the original loss function. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively address the impact of intense outdoor light on tea identification, effectively solving the problem of poor detection accuracy of tea buds in the top view state. In the same identification environment, the model mAP50 value increased by 3.3% compared to that of the existing best mainstream detection model, and the mAP50-90 increased by 3.1%. Under an environment of light intensity greater than 5×104 Lux, the proposed YOLOv5s+LFA+mpdiou+PF model reduced the leakage detection rate by 35% and false detection rate by 10% compared to that with YOLOv5s alone.
Evaluación de coberteras y herbicidas orgánicos para el manejo de maleza en el valle del Yaqui, Sonora, México
Authors: Morales José Ángel Marroquín , Esquer Luis Miguel Tamayo , Ayala Jesús Antonio Cantua , Cota Fannie Isela Parra , Gracia Alberto Borbón 
Published: August 2024

La presencia de maleza es uno de los principales factores que afecta el rendimiento, puede llegar a producir pérdidas de hasta 80% en el rendimiento de un cultivo, además de incrementar los costos de producción y disminuir la calidad de productos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la eficacia de herbicidas orgánicos y coberteras sobre el control de maleza en presiembra de cultivos anuales con el propósito de contribuir al medio ambiente para reducir la dependencia únicamente de herbicidas químicos. El experimento se realizó en el ciclo otoño-invierno en terrenos del CENEB del INIFAP ubicado en el block 910 del Valle del Yaqui, Sonora. Se evaluaron los herbicidas comerciales orgánicos Sec Natural® (BH1), Herbitech® (BH2), Sec Bios® (BH3), Blue Weed® (BH4) y el testigo regional (TR) (Sal isopropilamina de N-(fosfonometil)-glicina). Se evaluó el control a los 7, 14 y 21 días después de la aplicación (DDA), en el caso de las coberteras se evaluó a los 15, 30, 45 y 60 DDA el experimento se realizó mediante un diseño experimental de bloques al azar con tres repeticiones, el análisis de la información se efectuó mediante FAUANL y la técnica de comparación de medias por el método de la diferencia mínima significativa (DMS). Los resultados muestran que la eficacia de los herbicidas orgánicos sobre maleza se manifiesta de manera rápida en dosis altas, ya que desde los 7 días (DDA) a 21 DDA, las dosis 2.0, 4.0 y 6.0 L ha-1 expresaron un control del complejo de maleza arriba del 95 %, esto se considera un buen control en la práctica. Por otra parte, las coberteras de película plástica y de paja de trigo registraron valores del 100 % de eficacia por lo que si se presentó diferencia mínima significativa comparado con el resto de los tratamentos (DMS).
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ АНТИОКСИДАНТОВ ПРИ ГАСТРОДУОДЕНАЛЬНЫХ КРОВОТЕЧЕНИЯХ ЯЗВЕННОЙ ЭТИОЛОГИИ С ВЫСОКИМ РИСКОМ РЕЦИДИВА
Authors: Rəhimli Ş.İ. 
Published: August 2024

Məqalədə yüksək residiv riskinə malik xora mənşəli qastroduodenal qanaxmalar zamanı qlutationun təkrar qanaxma tezliyinə təsirinin araşdırılmasına dair tədqiqatın nəticələri təqdim edilmişdir. Rockall şkalası vasitəsilə yüksək residiv riskinə malik 55 xəstə seçilərək iki qrupa ayrılmışdır. Kontrol qrupunda (20 nəfər) yalnız protokollara uyğun standart terapiya aparılmış, əsas qrupda (35 nəfər) isə standart terapiyaya əlavə olaraq antioksidant preparat – qlutation tətbiq edilmişdir. Müalicədən sonrakı dövrdə xəstələrdə qanaxmanın residivi, stasionar müalicə günlərinin sayı, qan preparatlarının transfuziyasına ehtiyac və letallıq səviyyəsi qiymətləndirilmişdir. Tədqiqat nəticəsində aşkar edilmişdir ki, əsas qrupda eritrositar kütlənin transfuziyasına ehtiyac 32,48% (p<0,001), qanaxma residivi isə 20,46 % (p<0,05) az olmuşdur. Digər göstəricilər arasında statistik etibarlı fərq aşkar edilməmişdir.
В статье представлены результаты исследования, проведенного с целью изучения влияния антиоксиданта глутатиона на частоту повторных кровотечений при язвенных кровотечениях с высоким риском рецидива. По шкале Rockall были отобраны больные с высоким риском повторного кровотечения, которые были разделены на две группы. В контрольной группе (20 человек) применяли только стандартную терапию согласно протоколам лечения, а в основной группе (35 человек) дополнительно к стандартной терапии применяли антиоксидантный препарат глутатион. В послелечебном периоде оценивали рецидив кровотечения, количество коечных дней, потребность в переливании препаратов крови и уровень летальности. В результате исследования установлено, что в основной группе потребность в переливании эритроцитарной массы была на 32,48% (р<0,001), а рецидивы кровотечений были на 20,46% (р<0,05) меньше. Статистически значимой разницы между другими показателями обнаружено не было.
The article presents the results of a study aimed at investigating the effect of antioxidant glutathione on the frequency of recurrent peptic ulcer bleeding in high-risk patients. The Rockall scale was utilized to determine the risk of rebleeding. A total of 55 participants were enrolled and divided into two groups: the control group (n = 20) received standard treatment according to the protocols, while the main group (n = 35) received both standard therapy and glutathione therapy. After the treatment rebleeding rate, the length of hospital stay, the need for transfusion of blood products and the mortality rate were assessed. The study's results indicate that there was a statistically significant decrease in the need for erythrocyte mass transfusion by 32.48% (p<0.001) and a 20.46% decrease (p<0.05) in the incidence of rebleeding in the main group compared to the control group. No statistically significant difference was found between other criteria.
KREYTSFELD-YAKOB XƏSTƏLİYİNİN DİAQNOSTİKASININ ÇƏTİNLİKLƏRİ (PRAKTİK MÜŞAHİDƏ)
Authors: Коленко О.И. , Потапов А.А. , Юрченко А.В. , Куц Л.В. , Орловский А.В. , Демихова Н.В. 
Published: August 2024

Болезнь Крейтцфельдта-Якоба (БКЯ) или трансмиссивная губчатая энцефалопатия – заболевание нервной системы из группы редких прионовых нейродегенеративных заболеваний. Накопление патологической формы специфического белка PrPSc приводит к гибели нервных клеток. Эти факты, а также особенности эпидемиологии, отсутствие специфических клинических признаков обуславливают ряд сложностей прижизненной диагностики этой болезни. В данной статье приведен случай вероятной БКЯ у пациентки неврологического отделения для больных с нарушениями мозгового кровообращения. Рассмотрен один из возможных ее фенотипических вариантов. Уделено внимание трудностям постановки диагноза.
Kleytsfeld-Yakob xəstəliyi (KYX) və ya transmissiv süngərşəkilli ensefalopatiya sinir sisteminin prion tipli zülalların təsirindən törənən nadir degenerativ xəstəliyidir. Xəstəlik zamanı PrPSe qrupundan olan spesifik formalı züllaların toplanması nəticəsində sinir hüceyrələrinin ölümü baş verir. Bu fakt, xəstəliyin epidemiologiyasının xüsusiyyətləri və spesifik klinik əlamətlərinin olmaması adı çəkilən xəstəliyin diaqnostikasında müxtəlif çətinliklərin mövcudluğuna əsas verir. Təqdim edilən məqalədə nevroloji şöbədə beyin qan dövranının pozulmasına görə müalicə alan xəstədə KYX olduğuna şübhə yaranan xəstə haqqında məlumat verilmişdir; xəstəliyin fenotipik variantlarından biri nəzərdən keçirilmiş və diaqnostikanın çətinliyinə diqqət cəlb edilmişdir.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) or transmissible spongiform encephalopathy is a nervous system disease from the group of rare prion neurodegenerative diseases. Accumulation of the pathological form of the specific PrPSc protein leads to the death of nerve cells. These facts, as well as the peculiarities of epidemiology, the absence of specific clinical signs, cause a number of difficulties in the life-time diagnosis of this disease. This article presents a case of probable CJD in a patient of the neurological department for patients with cerebrovascular accidents. One of its possible phenotypic variants is considered. Attention is paid to the difficulties of making a diagnosis.