bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variants of NAV3, a neuronal morphogenesis protein, cause intellectual disability, developmental delay, and microcephaly
Authors: Ghaffar Amama , Akhter Tehmeena , Strømme Petter , Misceo Doriana , Khan Amjad , Frengen Eirik , Umair Muhammad , Isidor Bertrand , Cogné Benjamin , Khan Asma A. , Bruel Ange-Line , Sorlin Arthur , Kuentz Paul , Chiaverini Christine , Innes A. Micheil , Zech Michael , Baláž Marek , Havrankova Petra , Jech Robert , Ahmed Zubair M. , Riazuddin Sheikh , Riazuddin Saima 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMicrotubule associated proteins (MAPs) are widely expressed in the central nervous system, and have established roles in cell proliferation, myelination, neurite formation, axon specification, outgrowth, dendrite, and synapse formation. We report eleven individuals from seven families harboring predicted pathogenic biallelic, de novo, and heterozygous variants in the NAV3 gene, which encodes the microtubule positive tip protein neuron navigator 3 (NAV3). All affected individuals have intellectual disability (ID), microcephaly, skeletal deformities, ocular anomalies, and behavioral issues. In mouse brain, Nav3 is expressed throughout the nervous system, with more prominent signatures in postmitotic, excitatory, inhibiting, and sensory neurons. When overexpressed in HEK293T and COS7 cells, pathogenic variants impaired NAV3 ability to stabilize microtubules. Further, knocking-down nav3 in zebrafish led to severe morphological defects, microcephaly, impaired neuronal growth, and behavioral impairment, which were rescued with co-injection of WT NAV3 mRNA and not by transcripts encoding the pathogenic variants. Our findings establish the role of NAV3 in neurodevelopmental disorders, and reveal its involvement in neuronal morphogenesis, and neuromuscular responses.
Climate change education in Indonesia’s formal education: a policy analysis
Authors: Tang Kelvin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article conducts a comprehensive analysis of climate change education within the framework of climate change policy and education policy in Indonesia. Employing thematic analysis on twenty climate change policy texts, twelve K-12 education policy texts, and seventeen expert interview transcripts, our study explores the congruency of climate change education in both policy domains. Despite the critical need for coordinated policies to optimise the design and implementation of climate change education, the analysis reveals a significant discrepancy between Indonesia’s climate change policy and education policy regarding this crucial aspect. Four key themes emerged: the marginalisation of climate change education, the lack of synergies between relevant policies and stakeholders, the predominant economic values, and the optimistic future outlook. The study also assesses the alignment between Indonesia’s approach and global trends in climate change education. The findings shed light on critical areas for improvement and development in the integration of climate change education within the Indonesian policy landscape.
Economic growth and income inequality increase the carbon intensity of human well-being for Canada’s provinces
Authors: Jorgenson Andrew , Goh Taekyeong , Thombs Ryan , Koop-Monteiro Yasmin , Shakespear Mark , Viens Nicolas , Gletsu Grace 
Published: July 2024

AbstractReducing the carbon intensity of human well-being (CIWB) is a potential form of climate action. We conduct a preliminary analysis of the effects of economic growth and income inequality on the CIWB of Canada’s provinces, and find that both increase CIWB in this sub-national context. We also find that their effects are symmetrical, meaning that positive and negative changes in economic growth and income inequality result in the same proportional changes in CIWB. Therefore, and while incredibly difficult to do, it is possible that efforts to reduce income inequality and economic growth are potential pathways to reducing CIWB.
The caspase-activated DNase promotes cellular senescence
Authors: Haimovici Aladin , Rupp Valentin , Amer Tarek , Moeed Abdul , Weber Arnim , Häcker Georg 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCellular senescence is a response to many stressful insults. DNA damage is a consistent feature of senescent cells, but in many cases its source remains unknown. Here, we identify the cellular endonuclease caspase-activated DNase (CAD) as a critical factor in the initiation of senescence. During apoptosis, CAD is activated by caspases and cleaves the genomic DNA of the dying cell. The CAD DNase is also activated by sub-lethal signals in the apoptotic pathway, causing DNA damage in the absence of cell death. We show that sub-lethal signals in the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway induce CAD-dependent senescence. Inducers of cellular senescence, such as oncogenic RAS, type-I interferon, and doxorubicin treatment, also depend on CAD presence for senescence induction. By directly activating CAD experimentally, we demonstrate that its activity is sufficient to induce senescence in human cells. We further investigate the contribution of CAD to senescence in vivo and find substantially reduced signs of senescence in organs of ageing CAD-deficient mice. Our results show that CAD-induced DNA damage in response to various stimuli is an essential contributor to cellular senescence.
Distributed adaptive iterative learning control for 2D multi agent systems
Authors: Xu Qingyuan , Mai Qingquan , Wang Boxian , Wan Kai , Wei Yunshan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis letter addresses the output consensus problem for a class of two‐dimensional (2D) multi agent systems (MASs) described by Fornasini–Marchesini model. By transforming the 2D agent into a compact form, an adaptive variable, which adjusted by the tracking errors of itself and the neighbour agents, is designed to approximate the unknown varying coefficient. Then, based on the approximated coefficient and the iteration‐varying reference surfaces, the distributed adaptive iterative learning control strategy is obtained. The output consensus of the 2D multi agent is proved. Simulations are included to verify the effectiveness of the investigated distributed adaptive ILC for 2D MASs with random variations on initial condition and reference surface.
The Relationship Between Intramural Fat Accumulation and Sarcopenia on MR Enterography Exams in Patients with Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Algin Oktay , Güneş Yasin Celal , Cankurtaran Rasim Eren , Corabay Seniha , Yurekli Oyku Tayfur 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResearch on magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) and sarcopenia for assessing Crohn’s disease (CD) is growing. Our study examined the connections between the presence of sarcopenia, intramural fat accumulation (IFA), and clinical, laboratory, and MRE findings.This retrospective study was conducted on 112 patients with suspected or diagnosed CD who underwent 3-tesla MRE. The study examined the correlation between sarcopenia-related parameters and MRE findings. Results of MRE exams and clinical and laboratory results were statistically analyzed. The Kruskal-Wallis, Pearson chi-square, and Fisher-Freeman-Halton tests were used for comparison.It was determined that patients with active inflammation on a chronic basis had more IFA than the others (p<0.001). There were positive relationships between IFA and intramural edema (p<0.001). There were positive correlations between IFA and high b-values and negative correlations with apparent diffusion coefficient values (p<0.05). Positively significant relationships were found between IFA and wall thickness, affected segment length, disease duration, and sedimentation values (p<0.05). Strong correlations were found between sarcopenia and the CD activity index as well as wall thickness (p<0.001/p=0.003). There was no significant relationship between steroid usage and other variables.The presence of IFA is associated with chronic inflammation. There was no clear relationship between steroid use and IFA. Our findings support the idea that sarcopenia is related to the activity of CD. Further comprehensive research is required on these subjects.
Performance evaluation of endoscopic ultrasonography needles: Experimental study
Authors: Yamashita Yasunobu , ASHIDA REIKO , Gon Chimyon , Kuroki Hidehiro , Yamazaki Hirofumi , Nakahata Akiya , Tamura Takashi , Hatamaru Keiichi , Itonaga Masahiro , Kitano Masayuki 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims The relative procedural performance of needles for endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration/biopsy (EUS-FNA/B) is unclear. The present study therefore compared six types of 22-gauge FNA/B needles using a bench simulator.
Methods Resistance forces during needle puncture and removal, needle tip damage before and after procedure, leakage after puncture of mucinous cyst models, the shape of the puncture surface at the puncture site, amounts of samples extracted, ranges of needle deflection angles, and needle deformation after multiple procedures were compared using six types of needles.
Results Maximum resistance forces during puncture and removal were highest for ProCore needles and lowest for Expect needles. None of the needles had damage after puncturing. SharkCore needles showed the highest amount of leakage, whereas FNA needles showed no leakage. The puncture tracts of FNA needles remained in the form of a flap at the puncture site, whereas FNB needles broke off the target material creating a hole. The target material removed was supplemented within the puncture needle. TopGain needles produced significantly larger samples than ProCore, EZShot3 Plus, and Expect needles. FNB needles produced larger and more core samples than FNA needles. EZShot3 Plus needles had the highest range of needle deflection angle using an elevator device and the lowest needle deformation after 20 punctures at full endoscopic angle and a full elevator.
Conclusions The performance of the six needles differed in various ways. Understanding the characteristics of each needle may allow for selection of the appropriate needle for each situation.
Photo- and Electrochemical Organic Transformations Involving Radical Pathway: A Retrospection of Our Green-Chemistry-Inspired Synthetic Endeavours
Authors: Brahmachari Goutam 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis account summarises our recent efforts (2020 to mid-2024) in designing and developing a handful of promising organic transformations for accessing several diversely functionalized biologically relevant organic scaffolds by following the green-chemistry principles with a particular focus on the application of low-energy visible light and electrochemistry. Mechanistic studies of each of these reactions established the involvement of a radical pathway.1	Introduction2	Green-Inspired Organic Transformations2.1	Visible-Light-Driven Organic Synthesis2.1.1	Synthesis of Functionalized Dihydrofuro[3,2-c]chromenones2.1.2	Synthesis of Functionalized 2-(Aryl/alkylamino)-3-(aryl/alkylselanyl)naphthalene-1,4-diones and 2-(Arylamino)-3-(arylthio)naphthalene-1,4-diones2.1.3	Synthesis of Functionalized 6-(Arylthio/arylseleno)benzo[a]phenazin-5-ols2.1.4	Synthesis of Functionalized 3-(Alkyl/benzylthio)-4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-ones2.1.5	Synthesis of Functionalized 2-Hydroxy-3-oxo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-carboxamides and 2-Hydroxy-3-oxo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-carboxylates2.1.6	Synthesis of Functionalized 2-Hydroxyphenylated α-Ketoamides2.2	Electrochemical Organic Synthesis2.2.1	Synthesis of 3-Selenylated/Sulfenylated Derivatives of 2-Amino-1,4-naphthoquinones2.2.2	Synthesis of Functionalized 6-(Arylthio/Arylseleno)benzo[a]phenazin-5-ols2.2.3	Synthesis of Functionalized Alkyl 2-Hydroxy-3-oxo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-carboxylates3	Conclusions
Antibacterial Efficacy of Graphene Nanoparticles against Enterococcus faecalis: In Vitro Study
Authors: Sultan Omer Sheriff , Sidhu Preena , Rehman Kiran , Madheswaran Thiagrajan , Davamani Amalraj Fabian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective(s) This study compared the antimicrobial efficacy of nanographene (NG) particles with chlorhexidine (CHX) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) against Enterococcus faecalis.
Materials and Methods Forty extracted human mandibular premolar teeth were cleaned using a scaler, and the middle-third of the root (6 mm) was decoronated using a rotary diamond disk. The inner diameter of the teeth was made consistent using Gates Glidden Drills #3, treated with ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid and sodium hypochlorite before sterilization. The samples were then contaminated with E. faecalis grown in Tryptic soy broth for 21 days. Tooth samples were then randomly divided into four groups: Group I (Control), untreated saline; Group II, Ca(OH)2; Group III, CHX; and Group IV, NG. The assessment of bacterial growth was carried out by harvesting dentin chips at the end of 1, 3, and 7 days. The colonies were physically counted and tabulated after 24 hours from seeding. Statistical analysis of the collected data was performed with analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test using SPSS Version 20.0.
Results The contaminated dentine blocks irrigated with NG (0.5 µg) and CHX (0 ± 0; p < 0.001) had no growth of E. faecalis colonies compared to blocks of Ca(OH)2 (10 ± 21) and saline (927 ± 455). All concentrations of NG (0.5 and 1.0 µg) showed effectiveness higher (p < 0.001) than 2% CHX when measured by the zone of inhibition against E. faecalis.

Conclusion It may be concluded that NG is effective against growth of E. faecalis and may be used as a promising antimicrobial agent during root canal treatment. However, further studies should be done to investigate the effect of NG against other dental pathogens.
Estimation of the Likelihood Ratio of Different Symptoms for Six Homeopathic Medicines: Prognostic Factor Research
Authors: Mohanta Aditi , Sardar Nipa , Chakraborty Koli , Sarkar Malabika , Saha Tamoghna , Deb Anuruddha , Hossain Md Sakhawat , Basu Arpita , Samim Saima , Bhattacharyya Soumya , Saha Sangita , Basu Biswajit , Sen Anindya , Giri Mohan , Debnath Pintu , Saha Subhranil , Koley Munmun , Mukherjee Shyamal Kumar , Rutten Lex 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background Arsenicum album, Causticum, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla nigricans, Rhus toxicodendron and Sulphur are frequently prescribed homeopathic medicines; however, their symptoms, as mentioned in different homeopathic literature works, have rarely been investigated systematically. Likelihood ratio (LR), based on Bayesian statistics, may reflect a better estimation of the strengths of symptoms than the existing entries in the homeopathic literature.
Methods A prospective, longitudinal, analytical patient outcome study was conducted in the outpatient departments of D. N. De Homeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, on 1,954 patients over 21 months. The outcomes were recorded at each follow-up using the Outcome Related to Impact on Daily Living (ORIDL) +4 to −4 scale. The average period of treatment for each participant was 3 months. The LRs of four symptoms for each of the six selected medicines were calculated.
Results One hundred and two different remedies were prescribed. The prevalence, LR + , and LR − , with respective 95% confidence intervals, of different symptoms were reported. The study found that the following symptoms had particularly high LR+ scores: “intense sympathy for the suffering of others” (Causticum, LR+ = 12.0); “dyspepsia from business anxiety” (Nux vomica, LR+ = 27.4); “burning pain relieved by heat” (Arsenicum album, LR+ = 29.6); “envy” (Pulsatilla nigricans, LR+ = 13.2); “desire for milk” (Rhus toxicodendron, LR+ = 7.5); “very selfish, no regard for others” (Sulphur, LR+ = 20.6). The findings corroborated well with the presentation of the symptoms in different homeopathic materia medica and repertories. ORIDL scores of +2 or greater were identified most prominently for Pulsatilla nigricans (n = 138) and Sulphur (n = 119).
Conclusion There was adequate evidence to attribute all the assessed symptoms to the medicines investigated. Further studies with a larger population are warranted to tackle the possible confirmation bias.
Reduced Volume and Faster Infusion Rate of Activated Prothrombin Complex Concentrate: A Phase 3b/4 Trial in Adults with Hemophilia A with Inhibitors
Authors: Zülfikar Bülent , Mahlangu Johnny , Nekkal Salim Mohamed , Ross Cecil , Uaprasert Noppacharn , Windyga Jerzy , Ettingshausen Carmen Escuriola , Ploder Bettina , Lelli Aurelia , Gazda Hanna T. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background Activated prothrombin complex concentrate (aPCC) is indicated for bleed treatment and prevention in patients with hemophilia with inhibitors. The safety and tolerability of intravenous aPCC at a reduced volume and faster infusion rates were evaluated.
Methods This multicenter, open-label trial (NCT02764489) enrolled adults with hemophilia A with inhibitors. In part 1, patients were randomized to receive three infusions of aPCC (85 ± 15 U/kg) at 2 U/kg/min (the approved standard rate at the time of the study), in a regular or 50% reduced volume, and were then crossed over to receive three infusions in the alternative volume. In part 2, patients received three sequential infusions of aPCC in a 50% reduced volume at 4 U/kg/min and then at 10 U/kg/min. Primary outcome measures included the incidence of adverse events (AEs), allergic-type hypersensitivity reactions (AHRs), infusion-site reactions (ISRs), and thromboembolic events.
Results Of the 45 patients enrolled, 33 received aPCC in part 1 and 30 in part 2. In part 1, 24.2 and 23.3% of patients with regular and reduced volumes experienced AEs, respectively; 11 AEs in eight patients were treatment related. AHRs and ISRs occurred in four (12.1%) and two (6.1%) patients, respectively. In part 2, 3.3 and 14.3% of patients with infusion rates of 4 and 10 U/kg/min experienced AEs, respectively; only one AE in one patient was treatment related; no AHRs or ISRs were reported. Most AEs were mild/moderate in severity. Overall, no thromboembolic events were reported.
Conclusions aPCC was well tolerated at a reduced volume and faster infusion rates, with safety profiles comparable to the approved regimen.
Informative Subtyping of Patients with Sepsis
Authors: Cafferkey John , Shankar-Hari Manu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSepsis pathobiology is complex. Heterogeneity refers to the clinical and biological variation within sepsis cohorts. Sepsis subtypes refer to subpopulations within sepsis cohorts derived based on these observable variations and latent features. The overarching goal of such endeavors is to enable precision immunomodulation. However, we are yet to identify immune endotypes of sepsis to achieve this goal. The sepsis subtyping field is just starting to take shape. The current subtypes in the literature do not have a core set of shared features between studies. Thus, in this narrative review, we reason that there is a need to a priori state the purpose of sepsis subtyping and minimum set of features that would be required to achieve the goal of precision immunomodulation for future sepsis.
New-Onset Status Epilepticus in an 11-year-old Patient with Thyroid Autoimmune Dysfunction: A Case Report of Pediatric Hashimoto Encephalopathy
Authors: Costa Aldo F. , Fernández-Ramos Joaquín A. , Cazorla Cristina , López-Laso Eduardo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHashimoto encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome associated with positive thyroid antibodies (Ab). Its pathophysiology is still in debate and pediatric cases are considered rare. We present a case of an 11-year-old girl with new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) who presented a good initial response to corticosteroids but then required a second line of treatment with mycophenolate. In children presenting with NORSE of suspected autoimmune origin and no identification of autoimmune encephalitis traditional Ab, HE must be considered.
Applications of Augmented Reality in Neuro-Oncology: A Case Series
Authors: Dellaretti Marcos , Figueiredo Hian P.G. , Soares André G. , Froes Luiz E.V. , Gomes Fernando Cotrim , Faraj Franklin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAugmented reality (AR) is a technological tool that superimposes two-dimensional virtual images onto three-dimensional real-world scenarios through the integration of neuronavigation and a surgical microscope. The aim of this study was to demonstrate our initial experience with AR and to assess its application in oncological neurosurgery. This is a case series with 31 patients who underwent surgery at Santa Casa BH for the treatment of intracranial tumors in the period from March 4, 2022, to July 14, 2023. The application of AR was evaluated in each case through three parameters: whether the virtual images auxiliated in the incision and craniotomy and whether the virtual images aided in intraoperative microsurgery decisions. Of the 31 patients, 5 patients developed new neurological deficits postoperatively. One patient died, with a mortality rate of 3.0%. Complete tumor resection was achieved in 22 patients, and partial resection was achieved in 6 patients. In all patients, AR was used to guide the incision and craniotomy in each case, leading to improved and precise surgical approaches. As intraoperative microsurgery guidance, it proved to be useful in 29 cases. The application of AR seems to enhance surgical safety for both the patient and the surgeon. It allows a more refined immediate operative planning, from head positioning to skin incision and craniotomy. Additionally, it helps decision-making in the intraoperative microsurgery phase with a potentially positive impact on surgical outcomes.
The Silent Threat: Unraveling the Rare Catastrophic Complication after Elective Cranioplasty
Authors: KR Arvind , Varghese Joy , M. Senthilnath 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlthough cranioplasty seems to be a simple procedure, fatal complication of development of diffuse severe cerebral edema following cranioplasty although unusual have been reported in a few cases. The mechanism for this occurrence is still speculative. A 38-year-old male patient presented with a history of having undergone left decompressive hemicraniectomy following a road traffic accident with traumatic left intracranial internal carotid artery dissection leading to anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery territory infarct and endovascular embolization of traumatic type 1 left caroticocavernous fistula. The preoperative computed tomography scan of the brain revealed left frontotemperoparietal craniectomy defect with sunken flap and diffuse encephalomalacia with gliosis of the entire left cerebral hemisphere. Immediately following an uneventful cranioplasty surgery with titanium mesh, the patient developed severe hypotension and dilated fixed pupils. Postoperative imaging revealed diffuse severe cerebral edema in bilateral hemispheres with a significant midline shift toward the ipsilateral (left) side, that is, toward the side of cranioplasty. The patient immediately underwent removal of the titanium mesh, and despite all efforts, the patient had a fatal outcome on postoperative day 5. Although this type of fatal complication of diffuse severe cerebral edema is rare in postcranioplasty patients, neurosurgeons must be aware of this complication and close monitoring postprocedure is important, especially in patients with a large craniectomy defect and sunken skin flap.