bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of the Nucleosome-Binding Protein HMGN1 Affects the Rate of N-Nitrosodiethylamine-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis in Mice
Authors: Postnikov Yuri V. , Furusawa Takashi , Haines Diana C. , Factor Valentina M. , Bustin Michael 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
We report that HMGN1, a nucleosome-binding protein that affects chromatin structure and function, affects the growth of N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN)-induced liver tumors. Following a single DEN injection at 2 weeks of age, Hmgn1tm1/tm1 mice, lacking the nucleosome-binding domain of HMGN1, had earlier signs of liver tumorigenesis than their Hmgn1+/+ littermates. Detailed gene expression profiling revealed significant differences between DEN-injected and control saline–injected mice, but only minor differences between the injected Hmgn1tm1/tm1 mice and their Hmgn1+/+ littermates. Pathway analysis revealed that the most significant process affected by loss of HMGN1 involves the lipid/sterol metabolic pathway. Our study indicates that in mice, loss of HMGN1 leads to transcription changes that accelerate the progression of DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, without affecting the type of tumors or the final total tumor burden of these mice.
Implications: Loss of HMGN1 leads to accelerated progression of DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in mice. Mol Cancer Res; 12(1); 82–90. ©2013 AACR.
Inhibition of PP2A Activity Confers a TRAIL-Sensitive Phenotype during Malignant Transformation
Authors: Yang Hongmei , Chen Xuanyu , Wang Xuegang , Li Yansheng , Chen Shaoyong , Qian Xiaohui , Wang Rong , Chen Li , Han Weiwei , Ruan Anming , Du Quansheng , Olumi Aria F. , Zhang Xiaoping 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
TRAIL is a promising anticancer agent because it induces apoptosis in the majority of human cancer cells but spares the normal cells. To determine the mechanistic nature of how normal cells acquire a TRAIL-sensitive phenotype during the process of malignant transformation, an experimental cell system was developed by sequential introduction of human telomerase reverse transcriptase and SV40 T antigens (large and small) into normal human prostatic epithelial cells (PrEC). This model system demonstrated that inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), either by SV40 small T antigen, okadaic acid, Calyculin A, or PP2A catalytic subunit siRNA, sensitized normal human PrEC and immortalized cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Moreover, sensitization occurred during the premalignant period of tumorigenesis and PP2A exerted its antiapoptotic activity by negatively regulating c-Fos/AP-1. In addition, low-dose okadaic acid treatment sensitized TRAIL-resistant cancer cells to TRAIL, suggesting that PP2A inhibitors could be used as an enhancer of apoptosis induced by TRAIL or TRAIL-like agents. These data indicate that downregulation of PP2A activity is a critical step for normal cells to acquire a TRAIL-sensitive phenotype during tumorigenesis and that the level of PP2A activity may foretell cellular sensitivity to TRAIL-induced apoptosis.
Implications: Inhibition of PP2A is a key determinant in acquiring TRAIL sensitivity during tumorigenesis, with c-Fos/AP-1 as an essential mediator. Mol Cancer Res; 12(2); 217–27. ©2013 AACR.
Neojilinga, a replacement name for Jilinga Eitschberger, Danner &amp; Surholt, 1998 (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)
Authors: ZHANG YU-BO 
Published: December 2013

Eitschberger, Danner & Surholt (1998: 127) described the subgenus Jilinga in Hemaris Dalman, 1816 (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae: Macroglossinae: Dilophonotini) with Hemaris staudingeri Leech, 1890 as its type species. The name Jilinga is preoccupied by Ghauri (1974: 51), who described a leafhopper genus Jilinga with type species Deltocephalus darjilingensis Distant, 1918, in the subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). Therefore, Jilinga Eitschberger, Danner & Surholt, 1998 is a junior homonym of Jilinga Ghauri, 1974, per the ICZN (1999), and I hereby propose Neojilinga nom. nov. as the replacement name for Jilinga Eitschberger, Danner & Surholt, 1998. The new combination for the included species is Hemaris (Neojilinga) staudingeri (Leech, 1890).
Multivariate Probability Density Functions with Dynamics in the GFDL Atmospheric General Circulation Model: Global Tests
Authors: Guo Huan , Golaz Jean-Christophe , Donner Leo J. , Ginoux Paul , Hemler Richard S. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA unified turbulence and cloud parameterization based on multivariate probability density functions (PDFs) has been incorporated into the GFDL atmospheric general circulation model (AM3). This PDF-based parameterization not only predicts subgrid variations in vertical velocity, temperature, and total water, which bridge subgrid-scale processes (e.g., aerosol activation and cloud microphysics) and grid-scale dynamic and thermodynamic fields, but also unifies the treatment of planetary boundary layer (PBL), shallow convection, and cloud macrophysics. This parameterization is called the Cloud Layers Unified by Binormals (CLUBB) parameterization. With the incorporation of CLUBB in AM3, coupled with a two-moment cloud microphysical scheme, AM3–CLUBB allows for a more physically based and self-consistent treatment of aerosol activation, cloud micro- and macrophysics, PBL, and shallow convection.The configuration and performance of AM3–CLUBB are described. Cloud and radiation fields, as well as most basic climate features, are modeled realistically. Relative to AM3, AM3–CLUBB improves the simulation of coastal stratocumulus, a longstanding deficiency in GFDL models, and their seasonal cycle, especially at higher horizontal resolution, but global skill scores deteriorate slightly. Through sensitivity experiments, it is shown that 1) the two-moment cloud microphysics helps relieve the deficiency of coastal stratocumulus, 2) using the CLUBB subgrid cloud water variability in the cloud microphysics has a considerable positive impact on global cloudiness, and 3) the impact of adjusting CLUBB parameters is to improve the overall agreement between model and observations.
Incidence of Acute Postoperative Infections Requiring Reoperation After Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery
Authors: Yeranosian Michael G. , Arshi Armin , Terrell Rodney D. , Wang Jeffrey C. , McAllister David R. , Petrigliano Frank A. 
Published: December 2013

Background: An acute infection after arthroscopic shoulder surgery is a rare but serious complication. Previous studies estimating the incidence of infections after arthroscopic surgery have been conducted, but the majority of these had either relatively small study groups or were not specific to shoulder arthroscopic surgery. Purpose: To investigate the incidence of acute infections after arthroscopic shoulder surgery and compare infection rates by age group, sex, geographic region, and specific procedures. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A retrospective review of a large insurance company database was performed for all shoulder arthroscopic surgeries performed in the United States between 2004 and 2009 that required additional surgery for infections within 30 days. The data were stratified by sex, age group, and region. Data were also stratified for specific procedures (capsulorrhaphy, treatment for superior labrum anterior-posterior tears, claviculectomy, decompression, and rotator cuff repair) and used to assess the variation in the incidence of infections across different arthroscopic shoulder procedures. Linear regression was used to determine the significance of differences in the data from year to year. χ2 analysis was used to assess the statistical significance of variations among all groups. Poisson regression analysis with exposure was used to determine significant differences in a pairwise comparison between 2 groups. Results: The total number of arthroscopic shoulder surgeries performed was 165,820, and the number of infections requiring additional surgery was 450, resulting in an overall infection rate of 0.27%. The incidence of infections varied significantly across age groups ( P < .001); the infection rate was highest in the ≥60-year age group (0.36%) and lowest in the 10- to 39-year age group (0.18%). The incidence of infections also varied by region ( P < .001); the incidence was highest in the South (0.37%) and lowest in the Midwest (0.11%). The incidence of infection treatments was also significantly different between different arthroscopic procedures ( P < .01) and was highest for rotator cuff repair (0.29%) and lowest for capsulorrhaphy (0.16%). The incidence did not significantly vary by year or sex. Conclusion: The overall infection rate for all arthroscopic shoulder procedures was 0.27%. The incidence was highest in elderly patients, in the South, and for rotator cuff repair. The incidence was lowest in young patients, in the Midwest, and for capsulorrhaphy. In general, shoulder arthroscopic surgery in this study population had a low rate of reoperation in the acute period.
The Mature Athlete’s Shoulder
Authors: Tokish John M. 
Published: December 2013

Context: The mature athlete’s shoulder remains a challenging clinical condition to manage. A normal natural history of the shoulder includes stiffness, rotator cuff tears, and osteoarthritis, all of which can become increasingly more symptomatic as an athlete ages. Evidence Acquisition: PubMed (1978-2013). Study Design: Clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 3-4. Results: Rotator cuff pathology increases with age and activity level. Partial tears rarely heal, and debridement of significant partial tears results in poorer outcomes than those of repair. Repair of partial-thickness tears can be accomplished with completion and subsequent repair or in situ repair. The most successful result for treatment of osteoarthritis in the shoulder remains total shoulder arthroplasty, with more than 80% survival at 20 years and high rates of return to sport. Caution should be taken in patients younger than 60 years, as they show much worse results with this treatment. Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder can be successfully treated with nonoperative management in 90% of cases. Conclusion: Mature athletes tend to have rotator cuff pathology, osteoarthritis, and stiffness, which may limit their participation in athletic events. Age is a significant consideration, even within the “mature athlete” population, as patients younger than 50 years should be approached differently than those older than 65 years with regard to treatment regimens and postoperative restriction.
“Crevasse” Lesions
Authors: Philippon Marc J. , Goljan Peter , Devitt Brian M. , Peixoto Lourenço P. 
Published: December 2013

Objective: The purpose of this article is to report on a distinctive pattern of linear femoral head chondral lesions that were observed in 7 patients who underwent hip arthroscopy for the treatment of mixed-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Design: Between 2010 and 2012, 702 patients were treated with hip arthroscopy at our institution for symptomatic FAI. Among those patients, 7 were found to have a unique vertical chondral fissure located on the posterior femoral head. A retrospective review of the preoperative history, physical examination, and radiographic findings in addition to the intraoperative findings and surgical procedures performed was carried out for each patient. Results: All patients were diagnosed with mixed-type FAI by dynamic examination intraoperatively. The femoral head cartilage lesions were noted to be both linear and deep and resembled the appearance of a crevasse. Three of the 7 patients in whom these lesions were identified reported an acute event preceding their pain. Of the other 4 patients, 3 were involved in sports that involved vigorous rotational hip movements: golf, tennis, and wrestling. Notably, none of these lesions were identifiable on preoperative 3-T MRI scans. Conclusions: This series reports on a previously undefined femoral head cartilage lesion. It is hypothesized that increased pathologic translational movements and perching of the femoral head on the posterior rim of the acetabulum create this pattern of chondral damage. Recognition of this pattern of damage on the femoral head is important in the setting of mixed-type FAI.
Knowledge, skills and attitude of evidence-based medicine among obstetrics and gynaecology trainees: a questionnaire survey
Authors: Jeve Yadava Bapurao , Doshani Angi , Singhal Tanu , Konje Justin 
Published: December 2013

Objectives To determine current evidence-based medicine skills and practice among trainees. Design Questionnaire study. Setting Electronic survey was sent to all obstetrics and gynaecology trainees in East Midlands South Deanery, and responses collected were anonymous. Participants All obstetrics and gynaecology trainees in East Midland South Deanery. Main outcome measures Self-reported attitude, skills and knowledge in various components of evidence-based medicine. Results 69 trainees were included in the study of which 35 responded. Among all respondents, almost 72% of trainees use non-evidence-based methods to find answers for their clinical questions, whereas only 18% use appropriate evidence-based medicine practice for such queries. Just 35% of trainees have minimum skills of literature searching. Most of the trainees struggle to understand various components of evidence-based medicine. Nearly 80% of trainees do not have formal education or training with regard to evidence-based medicine. Conclusions This study highlights the inadequacy of evidence-based medicine skills among trainees and urges that evidence-based medicine be incorporated in formal training along with specialty study modules.
A systematic analysis of global anemia burden from 1990 to 2010
Authors: Kassebaum Nicholas J. , Jasrasaria Rashmi , Naghavi Mohsen , Wulf Sarah K. , Johns Nicole , Lozano Rafael , Regan Mathilda , Weatherall David , Chou David P. , Eisele Thomas P. , Flaxman Seth R. , Pullan Rachel L. , Brooker Simon J. , Murray Christopher J. L. 
Published: December 2013

Key Points
Anemia accounted for 8.8% of the total disability from all conditions in 2010. Children <5 years and women still have the highest burden. Although iron-deficiency anemia is the most common etiology globally, other leading causes of anemia vary widely by geography, age, and sex.
Suboptimal dosing of rituximab in male and female patients with DLBCL
Authors: Pfreundschuh Michael , Müller Carsten , Zeynalova Samira , Kuhnt Evelyn , Wiesen Martin H. J. , Held Gerhard , Rixecker Tanja , Poeschel Viola , Zwick Carsten , Reiser Marcel , Schmitz Norbert , Murawski Niels 
Published: December 2013

Key PointsElderly females have a better outcome than elderly males and a more favorable rituximab pharmacokinetics than all other patients with DLBCL. Prospective trials aiming at optimizing rituximab dose and schedule are warranted in all DLBCL patients.
Image-level and group-level models for Drosophilagene expression pattern annotation
Authors: Sun Qian , Muckatira Sherin , Yuan Lei , Ji Shuiwang , Newfeld Stuart , Kumar Sudhir , Ye Jieping 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundDrosophila melanogasterhas been established as a model organism for investigating the developmental gene interactions. The spatio-temporal gene expression patterns ofDrosophila melanogastercan be visualized byin situhybridization and documented as digital images. Automated and efficient tools for analyzing these expression images will provide biological insights into the gene functions, interactions, and networks. To facilitate pattern recognition and comparison, many web-based resources have been created to conduct comparative analysis based on the body part keywords and the associated images. With the fast accumulation of images from high-throughput techniques, manual inspection of images will impose a serious impediment on the pace of biological discovery. It is thus imperative to design an automated system for efficient image annotation and comparison.ResultsWe present a computational framework to perform anatomical keywords annotation forDrosophilagene expression images. The spatial sparse coding approach is used to represent local patches of images in comparison with the well-known bag-of-words (BoW) method. Three pooling functions including max pooling, average pooling and Sqrt (square root of mean squared statistics) pooling are employed to transform the sparse codes to image features. Based on the constructed features, we develop both an image-level scheme and a group-level scheme to tackle the key challenges in annotatingDrosophilagene expression pattern images automatically. To deal with the imbalanced data distribution inherent in image annotation tasks, the undersampling method is applied together with majority vote. Results onDrosophilaembryonic expression pattern images verify the efficacy of our approach.ConclusionIn our experiment, the three pooling functions perform comparably well in feature dimension reduction. The undersampling with majority vote is shown to be effective in tackling the problem of imbalanced data. Moreover, combining sparse coding and image-level scheme leads to consistent performance improvement in keywords annotation.
On a generalized diffusion equation arising in petroleum engineering
Authors: Al-Homidan Suliman , Ghanam Ryad A , Tatar Nasser-eddine 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
In this work we investigate a model which describes diffusion in petroleum engineering. The original model, which already generalizes the standard one (usual diffusion equation) to a non-local model taking into account the memory effects, is here further extended to cope with many other different possible situations. Namely, we consider the Hilfer fractional derivative which by its nature interpolates the Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative and the Caputo fractional derivative (the one that has been studied previously). At the same time, this kind of derivative provides us with a whole range of other types of fractional derivatives. We treat both the Neumann boundary conditions case and the Dirichlet boundary conditions case and find explicit solutions. In addition to that, we also discuss the case of an infinite reservoir.
Integrated molecular portrait of non-small cell lung cancers
Authors: Lazar Vladimir , Suo Chen , Orear Cedric , van den Oord Joost , Balogh Zsofia , Guegan Justine , Job Bastien , Meurice Guillaume , Ripoche Hugues , Calza Stefano , Hasmats Johanna , Lundeberg Joakim , Lacroix Ludovic , Vielh Philippe , Dufour Fabienne , Lehtiö Janne , Napieralski Rudolf , Eggermont Alexander , Schmitt Manfred , Cadranel Jacques , Besse Benjamin , Girard Philippe , Blackhall Fiona , Validire Pierre , Soria Jean-Charles , Dessen Philippe , Hansson Johan , Pawitan Yudi 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a leading cause of cancer deaths, represents a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, mostly comprising squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), adenocarcinoma (AC) and large-cell carcinoma (LCC). The objectives of this study were to utilize integrated genomic data including copy-number alteration, mRNA, microRNA expression and candidate-gene full sequencing data to characterize the molecular distinctions between AC and SCC.MethodsComparative genomic hybridization followed by mutational analysis, gene expression and miRNA microarray profiling were performed on 123 paired tumor and non-tumor tissue samples from patients with NSCLC.ResultsAt DNA, mRNA and miRNA levels we could identify molecular markers that discriminated significantly between the various histopathological entities of NSCLC. We identified 34 genomic clusters using aCGH data; several genes exhibited a different profile of aberrations between AC and SCC, including PIK3CA, SOX2, THPO, TP63, PDGFB genes. Gene expression profiling analysis identified SPP1, CTHRC1and GREM1 as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of the cancer, and SPINK1 and BMP7 to distinguish between AC and SCC in small biopsies or in blood samples. Using integrated genomics approach we found in recurrently altered regions a list of three potential driver genes, MRPS22, NDRG1 and RNF7, which were consistently over-expressed in amplified regions, had wide-spread correlation with an average of ~800 genes throughout the genome and highly associated with histological types. Using a network enrichment analysis, the targets of these potential drivers were seen to be involved in DNA replication, cell cycle, mismatch repair, p53 signalling pathway and other lung cancer related signalling pathways, and many immunological pathways. Furthermore, we also identified one potential driver miRNA hsa-miR-944.ConclusionsIntegrated molecular characterization of AC and SCC helped identify clinically relevant markers and potential drivers, which are recurrent and stable changes at DNA level that have functional implications at RNA level and have strong association with histological subtypes.
Concha bullosa mucocele with orbital invasion and secondary frontal sinusitis: a case report
Authors: Lee Jung-Hoon , Hong Sung-Lyong , Roh Hwan-Jung , Cho Kyu-Sup 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background
Although concha bullosa (CB) is the most common variants of the middle turbinate, mucocele of CB is uncommon. Furthermore, CB mucocele with orbital invasion and secondary frontal sinusitis has not been reported previously.

Case presentation
A 42-year-old Korean male presented with gradually progressive proptosis of right eye and right-sided frontal headache. He had previously undergone endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) 15 and 9 years ago. The endoscopic examination showed an expansive, large middle turbinate with normal mucosa filled the majority of right nasal cavity and displaced the septum to the left. A computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a well demarcated cystic huge mass at right nasal cavity extending to ethmoid sinus and orbit. The mass caused a bony defect on the lamina papyracea and displaced medial rectus muscle and orbit laterally. Moreover, the right frontal and ethmoid sinus was totally opacified. This article reports orbital invasion and frontal sinusitis complicating a CB mucocele, which was successfully treated by endoscopic resection of the lateral wall of CB and frontal sinusotomy.

Conclusions
This case illustrates that CB mucocele could develop to such a massive extent that it leads to orbital complication and secondary frontal sinusitis. Therefore, we consider this entity in the differential diagnosis of orbital complications and secondary sinusitis caused by intranasal mass.