bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Retrospective Comparative Study of Traction Therapy vs. No Traction Following Tunica Albuginea Plication or Partial Excision and Grafting for Peyronie’s Disease: Measured Lengths and Patient Perceptions
Authors: Rybak James , Papagiannopoulos Dimitri , Levine Laurence 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Loss of penile length is a recognized and common consequence of Peyronie’s disease (PD). Traction therapy (TT+) has been reported to decrease post-op length loss as well as increase stretched penile length (SPL) prior to surgery.

Aim
The aim of this study was to study patient outcomes with penile length change and patient satisfaction after surgery following tunica albuginea plication (TAP) and partial plaque excision and grafting (PEG) with or without postoperative TT.

Methods
Retrospective analysis was performed from our cohort of Peyronie’s reconstructive surgery between 2007 and 2010. SPL was measured dorsally from pubis to corona and recorded at the initial office visit and then compared to most recent postoperative visit. Patients were then stratified by procedure and whether TT was used (TT+ and TT−; TAP N = 52 [27 TT+ and 25 TT−] and PEG N = 59 [36 TT+ and 23 TT−). Traction therapy was initiated for &gt;2 hours a day for 3 months typically starting 3–4 weeks postoperatively. A non-validated mailed questionnaire assessed patient perceptions.

Results
Mean length change seen in TAP (TT+) was 0.85 cm (0.25–1.75) vs. −0.53 cm (−1.75 to 0.5) in TAP (TT−) (P &lt; 0.001). The mean length change seen in PEG (TT+) was 1.48 cm (0–6) vs. PEG (TT−) 0.24 cm (−1 to 2.5 cm) (P &lt; 0.001). Sixty-one percent of surveys were returned; 85% lost length prior to the initial office evaluation, with an average of −2.5 cm lost. Importantly, in those who used traction, there was no perceived length loss, 58% reported a mean erect length gain of 1.1 cm. However, only 54% of all patients were satisfied with their current erect length.

Conclusions
Loss of length in men with PD remains a serious concern. It appears that postoperative TT can result in length preservation, and in many, a measured and perceived length gain following correction of the curvature.
Effects of Time and Temperature of Annealing on Rheological and Thermal Properties of Rice Starch Suspensions during Gelatinization
Authors: Tsutsui Kazumi , Katsuta Keiko , Matoba Teruyoshi , Takemasa Makoto , Funami Takahiro , Sato Emiko , Nishinari Katsuyoshi 
Published: August 2012

AbstractEffects of annealing time, t
a, and annealing temperature on the rheological and thermal properties of rice starch suspensions during the gelatinization were studied by dynamic viscoelasticity, steady shear viscosity, η, and differential scanning calorimetry measurements. When t
a increased, for the sample which was annealed at almost the same temperature as the gelatinization temperature (= T
gel; 62C), 58 or 62C, the onset temperatures at which the storage and loss moduli, G′ and G″, started to increase shifted to higher temperatures, and G′ and G″ decreased in the temperature range from 65 to about 75C. Further, G′ and G″ of the sample annealed at higher T than T
gel, 65C, increased in the temperature range from 50 to 75C. The amorphous and thermally unstable portion in the starch decreased with increasing t
a. Effects of annealing on the temperature dependence of η were found to be almost the same as those of G′ and G″. The annealing tended to prevent starch sample from shear thinning.Practical ApplicationsThis article shows the effects of annealing time, t
a, and annealing temperature on the rheological and thermal properties of rice starch suspensions. When t
a increased, the storage and loss moduli, G′ and G″, of rice starch decreased in the temperature range from 65 to about 75C and the gelatinization temperature increased due to the increase of the amount of leached‐out amylose. For the sample annealed at 62C for 15 min, it was observed that the annealing tended to prevent starch sample from shear thinning. These findings are helpful to control rheological and thermal properties during cooking of starch‐based foods.
Characterization of Myosin Subfragment‐1 of Summer and Winter Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) Muscle
Authors: Zheng Liang , Yu Kefeng , Yuan Chunhong , Wang Xichang , Chen Shunsheng , Kimura Ikuo , Konno Kunihiko 
Published: August 2012

Abstract:  Myosin subfragment‐1 (S1) was prepared from myofibrils of summer and winter silver carp by chymotryptic digestion in the presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Two S1 heavy chain isoforms with different molecular sizes of 91 kDa and 95 kDa were detected in the fast skeletal muscle from summer and winter silver carp, respectively. ATPase inactivation assay indicated that winter S1 was about 20‐fold unstable comparing to summer S1. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS) further confirmed that summer and winter myosin S1 heavy chain isoforms were homologous to myosin high‐temperature type and myosin low‐temperature type S1 heavy chain, respectively. Moreover, both types of myosin S1 heavy chain isoforms were identified at the intermediate stage. The results indicated that myosin was expressed in a season‐specific manner; different types of myosin isomer expressed in different seasons, showing different thermostabilities.Practical Application:  Silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, is one of the most abundant freshwater fish species in China. The structure thermal stability of myosin rod from silver carp was affected by season change. The gel‐forming abilities of surimi prepared in different seasons were different. This study investigated the seasonal differences in structure thermal stability of myosin S1 which is vital for gel formation of myosin. The results of this study will aid understanding of the relationship between the structure and function of myosin, and effective production of surimi from freshwater fish species in different seasons.
Selenium Bioaccumulation in Shiitake Mushrooms: A Nutritional Alternative Source of this Element
Authors: Nunes Regiane Gonçalves Feitosa Leal , Luz Jose Maria R. da , Freitas Rodrigo de B. , Higuchi Angela , Kasuya Maria Catarina M. , Vanetti Maria Cristina D. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract:  Mushrooms have effective mechanisms to absorb and accumulate trace elements from substrates and, therefore could be used as a strategy to produce mineral‐enriched food and nutritional supplements. This study aimed to enrich shiitake mushrooms with selenium (Se), an important dietary element in human health. Strains of Lentinula edodes (Berk.) were grown on artificial logs composed of eucalyptus sawdust, and were subjected to cold shock in water containing sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) at concentrations of up to 1.28 mM. The content of Se in the mushrooms increased linearly with increasing amounts of Na2SeO3 added to the cold water although above 0.96 mM, mushroom formation was inhibited. Concentrations greater than 17 mg Se 100/g of dried mushrooms were observed after treatment with 0.64 mM Na2SeO3. Shiitake mushroom had a demonstrate potential to offer an effective and economical way to produce Se‐enriched products and, the strategy of adding selenite in cold water, used in this study, showed promising once it does not interfere with mycelial growth.Practical Application:  Selenium is an essential trace element for both human and animals and is required for the 21st amino acid, selenocysteine, which is used for the synthesis of about a dozen selenoenzymes. In this study, it is demonstrated that shiitake mushroom is a good Se accumulator and only one step during fructification was necessary to obtained enriched mushroom. Se enriched shiitake mushroom can be considered to be an excellent source of this element and used to consumption in different ways.
Identification of Geometrical Isomers and Comparison of Different Isomeric Samples of Astaxanthin
Authors: Qiu Dan , Wu Yue‐Chan , Zhu Wen‐Li , Yin Hong , Yi Long‐Tao 
Published: August 2012

Abstract:  A high‐performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis system for isomeric astaxanthin was developed. The separation system consisted of a C30 column and an elution system of methanol/MTBE/water/dichloromethane (77 : 13 : 8 : 2, v/v/v/v). Using the combination of HPLC diode array detector and HPLC atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry, 11 geometrical isomers and 4 epoxides of astaxanthin were successfully identified. Referred to crystal, only isomerization with different degrees was found for solvent dissolving and iodine catalysis, while melting of astaxanthin caused isomerization, slight oxidation, and more noticeable polymerization confirmed by gel permeation chromatography. Chemical changes in isomeric samples all caused a decrease in UV content. The vibrational spectra (infrared and Raman) showed that epoxide was the only new functional group generated for melting. Changes of several key bands and formations of new bands were found in iodine catalysis and melting samples because of isomerization.Practical Application:  Eleven geometrical isomers and 4 epoxides, which were normally generated for solvent dissolving, iodine catalysis, and melting of astaxanthin, have been identified by C30‐HPLC‐MS technology. Furthermore, different samples were measured by gel permeation chromatography, UV, infrared, and Raman, based on the analysis of messages, the effect of each processing was well understood.
Predicting Guar Seed Splitting by Compression between Two Plates Using Hertz Theory of Contact Stresses
Authors: Vishwakarma R. K. , Shivhare U. S. , Nanda S. K. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract:  Hertz's theory of contact stresses was applied to predict the splitting of guar seeds during uni‐axial compressive loading between 2 rigid parallel plates. The apparent modulus of elasticity of guar seeds varied between 296.18 and 116.19 MPa when force was applied normal to hilum joint (horizontal position), whereas it varied between 171.86 and 54.18 MPa when force was applied in the direction of hilum joint (vertical position) with in moisture content range of 5.16% to 15.28% (d.b.). At higher moisture contents, the seeds yielded after considerable deformation, thus showing ductile nature. Distribution of stresses below the point of contact were plotted to predict the location of critical point, which was found at 0.44 to 0.64 mm and 0.37 to 0.53 mm below the contact point in vertical and horizontal loading, respectively, depending upon moisture content. The separation of cotyledons from each other initiated before yielding of cotyledons and thus splitting of seed took place. The relationships between apparent modulus of elasticity, principal stresses with moisture content were described using second‐order polynomial equations and validated experimentally.Practical Application:  Manufacture of guar gum powder requires dehulling and splitting of guar seeds. This article describes splitting behavior of guar seeds under compressive loading. Results of this study may be used for design of dehulling and splitting systems of guar seeds.
Optimization of Ultrasonic‐Assisted Extraction of Total Saponins from Eclipta prostrasta L. Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Hu Ting , Guo Yan‐Yun , Zhou Qin‐Fan , Zhong Xian‐Ke , Zhu Liang , Piao Jin‐Hua , Chen Jian , Jiang Jian‐Guo 
Published: August 2012

Abstract:  Eclipta prostrasta L. is a traditional Chinese medicine herb, which is rich in saponins and has strong antiviral and antitumor activities. An ultrasonic‐assisted extraction (UAE) technique was developed for the fast extraction of saponins from E. prostrasta. The content of total saponins in E. prostrasta was determined using UV/vis spectrophotometric methods. Several influential parameters like ethanol concentration, extraction time, temperature, and liquid/solid ratio were investigated for the optimization of the extraction using single factor and Box‐Behnken experimental designs. Extraction conditions were optimized for maximum yield of total saponins in E. prostrasta using response surface methodology (RSM) with 4 independent variables at 3 levels of each variable. Results showed that the optimization conditions for saponins extraction were: ethanol concentration 70%, extraction time 3 h, temperature 70 °C, and liquid/solid ratio 14:1. Corresponding saponins content was 2.096%. The mathematical model developed was found to fit well with the experimental data.Practical Application:  Although there are wider applications of Eclipta prostrasta L. as a functional food or traditional medicine due to its various bioactivities, these properties are limited by its crude extracts. Total saponins are the main active ingredient of E. prostrasta. This research has optimized the extraction conditions of total saponins from E. prostrasta, which will provide useful reference information for further studies, and offer related industries with helpful guidance in practice.
Development of a Hull‐Less Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) Seed Oil Press‐Cake Spread
Authors: Radočaj Olga , Dimić Etelka , Vujasinović Vesna 
Published: August 2012

Abstract:  A stable, oil‐based spread rich in the omega‐3 (ω‐3) and omega‐6 (ω‐6) fatty acids was developed using a hull‐less pumpkin seed (Cucurbita pepo L.) oil press‐cake, a by‐product of the pumpkin oil pressing process, along with cold‐pressed hemp oil. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to investigate the effects of two factors, as the formulation's compositional variables: a commercial stabilizer (X1) and cold‐pressed hemp oil (X2) added to the pumpkin seed oil press‐cake in the spread formulations. A central composite, 2‐factorial experimental design on 5 levels was used to optimize the spreads where model responses were ω‐3 fatty acids content, spreadability (hardness), oil separation, and sensory evaluation. The selected responses were significantly affected by both variables (P < 0.05). The spreads resembled commercial peanut butter, both in appearance, texture and spreadability; were a source of ω‐3 fatty acids and with no visual oil separation after 1 mo of storage. An optimum spread was produced using 1.25% (w/w) of stabilizer and 80% of hemp oil (w/w, of the total added oil) which had 0.97 g of ω‐3 fatty acids per serving size; penetration depth of 68.4 mm; oil separation of 9.2% after 3 mo of storage; and a sensory score of 17.5.Practical Application:  A use of by‐products generated from different food processing technologies, where the edible waste is successfully incorporated as a value‐added ingredient, has become a very important area of research to support global sustainability efforts. This study contributes to the knowledge of a product design process for oil‐based spread development, where oil press‐cake, a by‐product of the oil pressing process of the naked pumpkin seeds, was used and where results have demonstrated that a new product can be successfully developed and potentially manufactured as a functional food.
A new β0‐thalassemia frameshift mutation [β 48 (‐T)] in a Uruguayan family
Authors: Da Luz J. , López P. , Kimura E. M. , Albuquerque D. M. , Costa F. F. , Sans M. , Sonati M. F. 
Published: August 2012

SummaryWe describe here a new frameshift mutation of β‐thalassemia in a Uruguayan family with Italian ancestry [β48 (‐T); HBB:c.146delT]. This frameshift results in formation of premature stop codon (TGA) 40 bp downstream and in a short unstable product that is degraded in the cell.
Compromises between international habitat conservation guidelines and small‐scale fisheries in Pacific island countries
Authors: Hamel Mélanie A. , Andréfouët Serge , Pressey Robert L. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWallis, Alofi, and Futuna are three small islands in the central Pacific Ocean, characterized by different reef geomorphologies. Following a request from the local Environment Service, we developed an indicative conservation plan for each island with two objectives: (1) representing 20% of the extent of each coral reef habitat within no‐take areas while (2) keeping all subsistence fishing grounds open for extraction. The first objective was more ambitious than the current Convention on Biological Diversity (Aichi) targets. We found that both objectives could not be achieved simultaneously and that large compromises are needed. Due to the small size of these islands, and the dependence of local communities on coral reef resources, the fishery objective significantly limited the extent of most habitats available for conservation. The problem is exacerbated if the conservation plan uses larger conservation units and more complex habitat typologies. Our results indicate that international conservation guidelines should be carefully adapted to small Pacific islands and that incentives to make feasible the necessary reductions in available fishing grounds will probably be needed.
Treatment Abandonment in Feline Sporotrichosis – Study of 147 Cases
Authors: Chaves A. R. , de Campos M. P. , Barros M. B. L. , do Carmo C. N. , Gremião I. D. F. , Pereira S. A. , Schubach T. M. P. 
Published: August 2012

SummaryThis study describes the epidemiological, clinical and mycological aspects of feline sporotrichosis cases attending the Laboratory of Clinical Research on Dermatozoonosis in Domestic Animals – Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute (LAPCLIN‐DERMZOO/IPEC/FIOCRUZ), from 1998 to 2005. It was possible to get in contact with 147 (19.2%) cat owners. One hundred and thirteen (76.9%) cats were male, 117 (79.6%) had no defined race and 87 (59.2%) were sexually intact. The age ranged from 72 to 216 months (median = 108 months). Nineteen cats were reassessed: eleven (57.8%) were male, thirteen (36.8%) were breed and fifteen (47.3%) castrated. Fourteen (52.6%) animals lived at home and did not roamed the streets. Seven (36.8%) had normal clinical findings and negative mycological examination. Twelve (63.1%) cats had skin lesions compatible with sporotrichosis. Thirty‐one (21%, n = 147) cats disappeared after abandoning treatment, 36 (24.5%, n = 147) were alive and 80 (54.4%, n = 147) had died. Causes of death informed by the owners were: sporotrichosis in 35 (43.7%, n = 80), accidental death in 27 (33.7%, n = 80) and other diseases in 18 (22.5%, n = 80). Withdrawal of treatment occurred mainly at the time of clinical improvement and may represent a serious obstacle to the control of sporotrichosis.
Nursing Interventions for Adult Intensive Care Patients With Risk for Corneal Injury: A Systematic Review
Authors: Werli‐Alvarenga Andreza , Ercole Flávia Falci , Herdman T. Heather , Chianca Tânia Couto Machado 
Published: August 2012

PURPOSE:  Sedated patients in induced comas may experience ineffective eyelid closure, presenting higher risk for corneal ulcer. The objective was to identify evidence‐based practice for corneal ulcer prevention within the intensive care unit.METHODS:  A systematic literature review of nine articles was performed.CONCLUSIONS:  Questions remain about which care practice is most effective, although most studies consider a humidity chamber with polyethylene film to be the best practice.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE:  A proposed NANDA‐I nursing diagnosis, risk for corneal injury, reflects this human response that demands nursing assessment and intervention. This study provides evidence toward developing nursing interventions and practice guidelines for the care of these patients.
Prevalence of obesity among Portuguese children (6–8 years old) using three definition criteria: COSI Portugal, 2008
Authors: Rito A. , Wijnhoven T. M. A. , Rutter H. , Carvalho M. A. , Paixão E. , Ramos C. , Claudio D. , Espanca R. , Sancho T. , Cerqueira Z. , Carvalho R. , Faria C. , Feliciano E. , Breda J. 
Published: August 2012

Summary
What is already known about this subject?
Obesity is at epidemic levels and presents a serious global public health challenge.
Portugal is one of the European countries with the highest prevalence of childhood obesity.
Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) is a robust monitoring system covering similar age groups, using standardized methods that allows comparability with other WHO European Region Member States.

What this study adds?
In Portugal, one in every three of 6‐ to 8‐year‐old children are overweight.
Compared with other COSI national surveys, a similar trend was observed in other southern European countries, particularly Italy.
The reference method used to define overweight and obesity is important as it provides different estimates.
IntroductionPrevious studies place Portugal among the five countries with the highest prevalence of childhood obesity in Europe. This paper describes the prevalence of thinness, overweight and obesity in Portuguese children of 6–8 years of age, based on the first data collection from Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative Portugal, which took place during the 2007/2008 school year.MethodsThis study uses a semi‐longitudinal design with repeated cross‐sectional national representative samples. Specific prevalence of overweight (including obesity) and obesity was determined using three different diagnostic criteria. Across the seven geographic regions, 3765 children were enrolled from 181 schools; 50.3% of participants were males.ResultsUsing the International Obesity Task Force reference, the prevalence of thinness, overweight and obesity were 4.8%, 28.1% and 8.9%, respectively; using the Center for Disease Control and Prevention reference they were 2.1%, 32.2% and 14.6%, respectively; and according to the World Health Organization reference, they were 1.0%, 37.9% and 15.3%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed a higher risk of obesity in older children, in boys and in the Azores region. The islands of Madeira and the Azores were the regions with the highest prevalence of overweight at 39.4% and 46.6%, respectively, and Algarve was the one with the lowest (21.4%).ConclusionThese findings demonstrate the need for urgent action in Portugal and provide policy‐makers with comprehensive and detailed information to assist with this.
Exergy, Economic, and Environmental Analysis of a PEM Fuel Cell Power System to Meet Electrical and Thermal Energy Needs of Residential Buildings
Authors: Ashari G. R. , Ehyaei M. A. , Mozafari A. , Atabi F. , Hajidavalloo E. , Shalbaf S. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
In this paper, a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cell power system including burner, steam reformer, heat exchanger, and water heater has been considered. A PEM fuel cell system is designed to meet the electrical, domestic hot water, heating, and cooling loads of a residential building located in Tehran. Operating conditions of the system with consideration of the electricity cost has been studied. The cost includes social cost of the environmental pollutants (e.g. CO2, CO and NO). The results show that the maximum energy needs of the building can be met by 12 fuel cell stacks with nominal capacity of 8.5 kW. Annual average electricity cost of thissystem is equal to 0.39 US$/kWh and entropy generation of this system through a year is equal to 1004.54 GJ/K1. It is also concluded that increase in ambient temperature from 1 °C to 40 °C increases the entropy generation by 5.73%, carbon monoxide by 14.56%, and nitrogen monoxide by 8.9%, but decreases carbon dioxide by 0.47%.