bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cervical cancer screening by cytology and human papillomavirus testing during pregnancy in french women with poor adhesion to regular cervical screening
Authors: Brun‐Micaleff Elisabeth , Coffy Amandine , Rey Valérie , Didelot Marie‐Noëlle , Combecal Jacques , Doutre Sylviane , Daurès Jean‐Pierre , Segondy Michel , Boulle Nathalie 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn France, cervical screening is opportunistic and approximately 40% of women do not attend regular screening programs. The aim of this study was (1) to assess the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) cervical infection and of cytological abnormalities in a population of young pregnant women with poor adherence to cervical cancer screening and (2) to evaluate the adherence to a screening strategy combining HPV testing and cytology during pregnancy. For this purpose, pregnant women benefited from a cervical smear associated with HPV DNA detection. High‐risk HPV types were detected and identified using the HC2 assay and the INNO‐LiPA HPV genotyping Extra assay. Two hundred forty‐seven women (mean age 26.6 ± 5.1 years) were enrolled. Among them, 76.8% did not attend regular cervical cancer screening programs. High‐risk HPV types were detected in 50 (20.2%) samples, HPV 16 being the most frequent (N = 12; 14.5%), with multiple HPV infection in 17 samples (27%). Nine (3.6%) abnormal cervical smears were diagnosed. Follow‐up of women with abnormal cytology and/or infection with high‐risk HPV was obtained in 29 cases (55.8%), showing 12 persistent high‐risk HPV infections. Nine women had colposcopy with a final diagnosis of four normal cervixes, three cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 and two cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2. Overall, women adherence to the free post‐partum follow‐up visit was 53.5%. This study suggests that a screening program combining HPV testing with cervical cytology during pregnancy may be one option to target young women with poor adhesion to regular cervical cancer screening. J. Med. Virol. 86:536–545, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hip fracture aggravates systemic inflammation and lung injury in aged chronic cigarette smoke exposed rats
Authors: Hao Zhang , Tiansheng Sun , Zhi Liu , Jianzheng Zhang , Xiaowei Wang , Jia Liu 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTThe aim of this investigation was to examine the influence of hip fracture on systemic inflammation and lung injury in aged chronic cigarette smoke exposed rats. Male Sprague Dawley (SD) aged rats (22–25 months old, 460–570 g) were used. Animals were subjected to either chronic cigarette smoke (CS) or air exposure for 12 weeks. These animals then underwent a sham procedure or hip fracture. Endpoint was 24 h. Systemic inflammation was assessed by TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐10 levels. Pulmonary function, inflammatory cell counts and protein concentrations in BAL, pulmonary pathological changes and scores were obtained to assess lung injury. And TLR4 mRNA expression in lung tissue was determined. The indices mentioned above were unchanged in air‐exposed rats after hip fracture. However, CS‐exposed animals were found to have increased serum levels of TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐10, impaired pulmonary function, increased inflammatory cell counts and protein concentrations in BAL, and intensified pathologic changes and scores. In addition, lung tissue harvested following CS‐exposure demonstrated increased TLR4 mRNA expression. Our results indicate that systemic inflammation and lung injury in aged CS‐exposed animals were further aggravated by hip fracture. The overexpression of TLR4 mRNA induced by CS exposure may, at least in part, involve in this process. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:24–30, 2014.
Altered inhibitory modulation of somatosensory cortices in paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia
Authors: Hsu Wan‐Yu , Kwan Shang‐Yeong , Liao Kwong‐Kum , Chen Rou‐Shayn , Lin Yung‐Yang 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe objective of this study was to clarify the excitability profiles of the somatosensory cortices in patients with paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia.MethodsWhole‐head magnetoencephalography was used to record the somatosensory evoked fields elicited by paired‐pulse electric stimulation of the median nerve in 15 patients with paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia and in a control group of 18 age‐matched, healthy volunteers. Twelve of the patients were studied in both the drug‐off and drug‐on state.ResultsThe paired‐pulse inhibition ratios of the primary somatosensory cortical P35m responses and the secondary somatosensory cortical responses were significantly greater in drug‐off patients with paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia compared with either the drug‐on patients or the control group. No significant difference in paired‐pulse inhibition ratio was observed between the drug‐on patients with paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia and the control group.ConclusionsIn patients with paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia, intracortical inhibition of the primary and secondary somatosensory cortical areas is impaired, and the associated hyperexcitable phenomenon is modulatable by antiepileptic drugs. © 2013 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
The impact of germline mutations on targeted therapy
Authors: Smith Simon A , French Tim , Hollingsworth Simon J 
Published: October 2013

AbstractTargeted therapies provide clinical benefit and improved therapeutic index. They have a growing prominence in patient management and focus in drug development. Their development is fuelled by our deepening knowledge of complex disease phenotypes and the need for improvement in new therapeutic efficacy. Extrapolation of the biological discovery through to new therapy targeting the causal biological variants to drive clinical gain is challenging. Here, we review the impact of germline mutations on targeted therapies. Historically, germline changes have contributed most to our understanding of disease mechanisms, drug metabolism and exposure, the latter of which has enabled safer positioning of therapies, such as clopidogrel and irinotecan. Similarly, prescreening for germline variants can avoid potentially fatal hypersensitivity reactions with abacavir. However, germline mutations continue to emerge as a central player in targeting therapeutics; ivacaftor drives partial restoration of mucus secretion in cystic fibrosis patients harbouring specific mutations, and treatment with olaparib exploits germline mutations in BRCA genes to drive synthetic lethality as an anti‐cancer mechanism. Central is definition of the causal link, association or contribution to the biological variance – and that we believe it is drugable for therapeutic gain. The demand for better therapies to treat modern diseases provides the appetite for continued investigation of the biological variance associated with germline mutations, inevitably leading to increased impact on the development of targeted therapeutics. Copyright © 2013 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Treatment of multiply relapsed wilms tumor with vincristine, irinotecan, temozolomide and bevacizumab
Authors: Venkatramani Rajkumar , Malogolowkin Marcio H. , Mascarenhas Leo 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAs most active chemotherapy agents against Wilms tumor are incorporated into upfront therapy, particularly for those patients with high risk for recurrence, novel regimens are needed to treat children with relapsed Wilms tumor. We describe four consecutive patients with multiply relapsed Wilms tumor who were treated with a combination of vincristine, irinotecan, temozolomide, and bevacizumab. Two had a complete response, and two had a partial response to treatment. Hematological toxicity and diarrhea were the main side effects. This regimen has activity in patients with multiply relapsed Wilms tumor without excessive toxicity, and should be evaluated further in this setting. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:756–759. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Acetaminophen receipt among HIV‐infected patients with advanced hepatic fibrosis
Authors: Edelman E. Jennifer , Gordon Kirsha S. , Re Vincent Lo , Skanderson Melissa , Fiellin David A. , Justice Amy C. ,   for the VACS Project Team
Published: October 2013

AbstractPurposeHIV‐infected patients may be at particular risk for acetaminophen‐induced hepatotoxicity, but acetaminophen use in the context of liver injury has been incompletely examined among HIV‐infected patients. Among a sample of HIV‐infected patients, we aimed to determine acetaminophen exposure, assess the cross‐sectional association between acetaminophen exposure and advanced hepatic fibrosis, and determine whether factors associated with acetaminophen exposure varied by HCV status.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional analysis of the Veterans Aging Cohort Study. Advanced hepatic fibrosis was defined as a FIB‐4 > 3.25, a composite score calculated based on age, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and platelet count. Multivariable ordered polytomous logistic regression was used to determine the association between FIB‐4 status and acetaminophen exposure stratified by HCV status.ResultsAmong HIV‐infected patients (n = 14 885), 31% received at least one acetaminophen prescription. Among those receiving acetaminophen, acetaminophen overuse was common among both HIV‐monoinfected and HIV/HCV‐coinfected patients (846 [31%] vs 596[32%], p = 0.79). After stratifying by HCV status, those with evidence of advanced liver fibrosis were equally likely to be exposed to acetaminophen. Furthermore, HIV‐monoinfected patients with an alcohol use disorder were more likely to have acetaminophen overuse (OR [95%CI] = 1.56 [1.21–2.02]).ConclusionsStrategies to minimize acetaminophen exposure, especially for HIV‐monoinfected patients, are warranted. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Supramolecular nanostructures from self‐assembly of T‐shaped rod building block oligomers
Authors: Wang Zhuoshi , Cui Junjie , Liang Yongri , Chen Tie , Lee Myongsoo , Yin Bingzhu , Jin Long Yi 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTT‐shaped coil–rod–coil oligomers, consisting of a dibenzo[a,c]phenazine unit and phenyl groups linked together with acetylenyl bonds at the 2,7‐position of dibenzo[a,c]phenazine as a rigid segment have been synthesized. The coil segments of these new molecules composed of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)–poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) incorporating lateral methyl groups between the rod and coil segment and two flexible alkyl groups connecting with the rigid segment at the 4,6‐position of dibenzo[a,c]phenazine, respectively. The experimental results reveal that the length of the flexible PEO coil chain influence construction of various supra‐nanostructures from lamellar structure to rectangular columnar structure. It is also shown that introduction of different length of alkyl side chain groups in the backbone of the T‐shaped molecules affect the self‐organization behavior to form hexagonal perforate layer or oblique columnar structures. In addition, lateral methyl groups attached to the surface of rod and coil segments, dramatically influence the self‐assembling behavior in the crystalline phase. T‐shaped molecules containing a lateral methyl group at the surface of rod and PEO coil segments, self‐assemble into 3D body‐centered tetragonal structures in the crystalline phase, while molecules without a lateral methyl group based on PEO coil chain self‐organize into 2D oblique columnar crystalline structures. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 5021–5028
Dendronized polystyrene via orthogonal double‐click reactions
Authors: Tonga Murat , Yesilbag Tonga Gulen , Seber Gonca , Gok Ozgul , Sanyal Amitav 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTDendronized copolymers bearing two different dendrons as side chains have been synthesized using a modular orthogonal “double‐click” reaction based strategy. The orthogonality of the Huisgen‐type azide‐alkyne cycloaddition and the Diels–Alder reaction was utilized to attach different dendrons to the polymer backbone via the “graft‐to” strategy. First through third generations of polyaryl ether dendrons appended with an alkyne group and polyester dendrons possessing a furan‐protected maleimide group at their focal point were reacted with a styrene based copolymer containing azide and anthracene moieties as side chains. The efficiency and selectivity of the orthogonal dendronization of the copolymers were examined via various analytical methods such as 1H NMR spectroscopy, FTIR and gel permeation chromatography. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 5029–5037
Parametrized diabatic processes in numerical simulations of an extratropical cyclone
Authors: Martínez‐Alvarado O. , Plant R. S. 
Published: October 2013

The parametrization of diabatic processes in numerical models is critical for the accuracy of weather forecasts and for climate projections. A novel approach to the evaluation of these processes in models is introduced in this contribution. The approach combines a suite of on‐line tracer diagnostics with off‐line trajectory calculations. Each tracer tracks accumulative changes in potential temperature associated with a particular parametrized diabatic process in the model. A comparison of tracers therefore allows the identification of the most active diabatic processes and their downstream impacts. The tracers are combined with trajectories computed using model‐resolved winds, allowing the various diabatic contributions to be tracked back to their time and location of occurrence.We have used this approach to investigate diabatic processes within a simulated extratropical cyclone. We focus on the warm conveyor belt, in which the dominant diabatic contributions come from large‐scale latent heating and parametrized convection. By contrasting two simulations, one with standard convection parametrization settings and another with reduced parametrized convection, the effects of parametrized convection on the structure of the cyclone have been determined. Under reduced parametrized convection conditions, the large‐scale latent heating is forced to release convective instability which would otherwise have been released by the convection parametrization. Although the spatial distribution of precipitation depends on the details of the split between parametrized convection and large‐scale latent heating, the total precipitation amount associated with the cyclone remains largely unchanged. For reduced parametrized convection, a more rapid and stronger latent heating episode takes place as air ascends within the warm conveyor belt.
Disclosure Pattern and Follow‐Up After the Molecular Diagnosis of BRCA/CHEK2 Mutations
Authors: Kegelaers D. , Merckx W. , Odeurs P. , van den Ende J. , Blaumeiser B. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractFive to 10 % of all breast cancer cases are due to mutations of high penetrance susceptibility genes, especially BRCA1 and BRCA2. In families with known BRCA mutations, disclosure of genetic test results could induce relatives to undergo genetic testing themselves and adopt cancer risk management strategies, if necessary. This study examines disclosure patterns of individuals tested for mutations in the BRCA1, BRCA2 and CHEK2 genes to first‐degree relatives with emphasis on a possible gender difference. It also assesses which management strategy is preferred by mutation‐positive women in Belgium and the influence of psychological characteristics on communication and choice of management strategy. Ninety‐nine adults from BRCA/CHEK2 families, selected from the Centre of Medical Genetics of Antwerp, were included in the study. They were provided with medical and psychological questionnaires, the latter being the Self‐Assessment Questionnaire, which is the Dutch version of the Spielberger State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Dutch version of the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS‐NL). The survey focused on disclosure, coping and management strategies with special attention on possible gender differences. The influence of socio‐demographic and medical data on disclosure and cancer risk management as well as the influence of psychological features were examined by means of various statistical analyses. Ninety‐nine patients were included, of whom 25 (25 %) were male. Eighty‐seven percent of the participants informed all of their adult first‐degree relatives about their mutation status without any gender discrimination. Seventy‐eight percent of highly‐educated participants informed all of their adult first‐degree relatives, compared to 98 % of less formally‐educated participants (p = 0.006). The majority of mutation‐positive women preferred prophylactic surgery to surveillance. Psychological differences appeared to have little influence on disclosure patterns and management strategies. The gender difference seems to be less pronounced than previously assumed. A striking observation, however, is the fact that significantly more participants who were less formally‐educated informed all of their adult first‐degree relatives, compared to participants who were highly‐educated. In our study population, most female mutation carriers opted for prophylactic surgery. Since the study population is small, further studies are needed to enhance the generalizability of these results.
Postpartum Weight Retention is Associated with Elevated Ratio of Oxidized LDL Lipids to HDL‐Cholesterol
Authors: Puhkala Jatta , Luoto Riitta , Ahotupa Markku , Raitanen Jani , Vasankari Tommi 
Published: October 2013

AbstractOxidized LDL lipids (ox‐LDL) are associated with lifestyle diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. The present study investigated how postpartum weight retention effects on ox‐LDL and serum lipids. The study is a nested comparative research of a cluster‐randomized controlled trial, NELLI (lifestyle and counselling during pregnancy). During early pregnancy (8–12 weeks) and 1 year postpartum, 141 women participated in measurements for determining of plasma lipids: total cholesterol (T‐C), LDL‐cholesterol (LDL‐C), HDL‐cholesterol (HDL‐C), triacylglycerols (TAG) and ox‐LDL. Subjects were stratified into tertiles (weight loss, unaltered weight and weight gain groups) based on their weight change from baseline to follow‐up. Ox‐LDL was determined by baseline level of conjugated dienes in LDL lipids. Among the group of weight gainers, concentration of TAG reduced less (−0.14 vs. −0.33,p= 0.002), HDL‐C reduced more (−0.31 vs. −0.16,p= 0.003) and ox‐LDL/HDL‐C ratio increased (3.0 vs. −0.2,p= 0.003) when compared to group of weight loss. Both T‐C and LDL‐C elevated more (0.14 vs. −0.21,p= 0.008; 0.31 vs. 0.07,p= 0.015) and TAG and ox‐LDL reduced less (−0.33 vs. 0.20,p= 0.033; −3.33 vs. −0.68,p= 0.026) in unaltered weight group compared to weight loss group. The women who gained weight developed higher TAG and ox‐LDL/HDL‐C ratio as compared to those who lost weight. Postpartum weight retention of 3.4 kg or more is associated with atherogenic lipid profile.
A Study of Process Optimization of Extraction of Oil from Fish Waste for Use as A Low‐Grade Fuel
Authors: Jayasinghe Punyama , Adeoti Ibraheem , Hawboldt Kelly 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWaste oils are potentially advantageous over petroleum and virgin vegetable oil based fuels due to waste utilization, and an overall lowering of gases and most other emissions over the life cycle of fuel production, use, and disposal. Waste generated from fish processing plants varies from 10–50 wt% of landed fish depending on the type of fish, product and processing techniques. A portion of this waste contains fish oil and varies significantly depending on the species. The oil recovery process must maximize extraction of oil and at the same time be able to integrate into the existing infrastructure at fish plants. In this study, we have optimized the recovery process developed in our lab (based on a fishmeal processing) and tested with the waste of a variety of fish species. The oil had low impurities (<0.5 wt% moisture) and degradation products, and physical properties suitable for substitution of No. 6 fuel oils and marine distillate/residual fuels. Based on this, pilot scale experiments were performed to determine scale‐up challenges and design specifications for eventual costs analysis (e.g. size, residence time, etc.), energy required and waste emissions.
Self‐concept in adolescence: A longitudinal study on reciprocal effects of self‐perceptions in academic and social domains
Authors: Preckel Franzis , Niepel Christoph , Schneider Marian , Brunner Martin 
Published: October 2013

AbstractFostering social and academic self‐concepts are central educational goals. During mid‐adolescence academic engagement and success seem to be devalued by peers and to be negatively associated with students' social standing. For this age group, is the development of a positive academic self‐concept compatible with the development of a positive social self‐concept? We investigated relations among academic self‐concept, social self‐concept, and academic achievement. 1282 students (47.60% female) participated in three‐waves of measurement in Grade 5, 6, and 8. Earlier social self‐concept of acceptance negatively predicted changes in academic self‐concept over time while earlier social self‐concept of assertion positively predicted changes in academic self‐concept. There were no significant relations between social self‐concepts and achievement but positive reciprocal relations between academic self‐concept and achievement. Results indicate that fostering adolescents self‐concept in social and academic domains are compatible goals. However, some students need support in managing the challenge to coordinate social and academic goals.
Examining Roles Pharmacists Assume in Disasters: A Content Analytic Approach
Authors: Ford Heath , Dallas Cham E. , Harris Curt 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObjectiveNumerous practice reports recommend roles pharmacists may adopt during disasters. This study examines the peer-reviewed literature for factors that explain the roles pharmacists assume in disasters and the differences in roles and disasters when stratified by time.MethodsQuantitative content analysis was used to gather data consisting of words and phrases from peer-reviewed pharmacy literature regarding pharmacists’ roles in disasters. Negative binomial regression and Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric models were applied to the data.ResultsPharmacists’ roles in disasters have not changed significantly since the 1960s. Pharmaceutical supply remains their preferred role, while patient management and response integration roles decrease in context of common, geographically widespread disasters. Policy coordination roles, however, significantly increase in nuclear terrorism planning.ConclusionsPharmacists’ adoption of nonpharmaceutical supply roles may represent a problem of accepting a paradigm shift in nontraditional roles. Possible shortages of personnel in future disasters may change the pharmacists’ approach to disaster management. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2013;7:563–572)