bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a gefitinib resistance-associated signature for predicting prognosis and therapeutic response in lung adenocarcinoma via integrated multi-omics analysis and machine learning
Authors: Zhou Dong , Zheng Zhi , Li Yan-Qi , Liu Quan-Xing , Deng Xu-Feng , Chen Liang , Li Man-Yuan , Zhang Jiao , Lu Xiao , Zheng Hong , Dai Ji-Gang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Gefitinib resistance (GR) is widespread; therefore, alternative treatments for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are needed. The study of gefitinib-resistance gene sets may lead to a better understanding of the mechanism underlying GR, methods for predicting and preventing GR, and alternative therapies. GR gene sets, single-cell data, and transcriptome data were obtained from public databases. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses and machine learning techniques were used to screen genes and construct a signature, respectively. Survival analysis and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess signature performance in internal and external data sets. Enrichment and tumor immune-microenvironment analyses were used to explore the mechanism of the signature genes in GR. Novel immunological and non-immunological therapies were explored. A signature consisting of 22 genes was successfully constructed in LUAD cohort, which performed well in both internal and external validation. The signature was closely related to chromosomal processes, DNA replication, important immune-cell infiltration, and multiple immune scores in enrichment and tumor microenvironment analyses. Further, the signature predicted immunotherapy efficacy in patients with LUAD to a certain extent, and we identified various agents other than gefitinib that may have better treatment effects in high-risk and low-risk groups, providing treatment guidance for gefitinib-resistant patients. The 22-gene signature can predict the prognosis of gefitinib-resistant patients with LUAD and immunotherapy efficacy, and provides new guidance for non-immunotherapy.
Electronic data capture in resource-limited settings using the lightweight clinical data acquisition and recording system for clinical studies – LCARS-C
Authors: Vielhauer Jakob , Mahajan Ujjwal Mukund , Adorjan Kristina , Benesch Christopher , Oehrle Bettina , Beyer Georg , Sirtl Simon , Johlke Anna-Lena , Allgeier Julian , Pernpruner Anna , Erber Johanna , Shamsrizi Parichehr , Schulz Christian , Albashiti Fady , Hinske Ludwig Christian , Mayerle Julia , Stubbe Hans Christian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Our prototype system designed for clinical data acquisition and recording of studies is a novel electronic data capture (EDC) software for simple and lightweight data capture in clinical research. Existing software tools are either costly or suffer from very limited features. To overcome these shortcomings, we designed an EDC software together with a mobile client. We aimed at making it easy to set-up, modifiable, scalable and thereby facilitating research. We wrote the software in R using a modular approach and implemented existing data standards along with a metadata driven interface and database structure. The prototype is an adaptable open-source software, which can be installed locally or in the cloud without advanced IT-knowledge. A mobile web interface and progressive web app for mobile use and desktop computers is added. We show the software’s capability, by demonstrating four clinical studies with over 1600 participants and 679 variables per participant. We delineate a simple deployment approach for a server-installation and indicate further use-cases. The software is available under the MIT open-source license. Conclusively the software is versatile, easily deployable, highly modifiable, and extremely scalable for clinical studies. As an open-source R-software it is accessible, open to community-driven development and improvement in the future.
Heparin therapy improved outcomes in elderly critically ill patients with sepsis: A marginal structural model analysis from the MIMIC-IV database
Authors: ren zongfang , Huang Jia-jia , Yang Zhen-jia , Xin Kai , Li Da-zheng , Chen Yu-hua , Guan Yu-Hong , Liu Zhi-feng , Yao Yong-ming , Wu Ming 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Heparin, a multitarget agent that protects against sepsis, has been extensively studied. The efficacy of heparin therapy to provide a survival advantage for elderly, critically ill patients with sepsis remains inconclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of heparin therapy in elderly, critically ill patients with sepsis.
Methods
We identified elderly septic patients (aged ≥ 65 years) from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-IV) database. We employed propensity score matching (PSM), marginal structural Cox models (MSCMs), and E-value analyses to account for confounding factors. Heparin was administered within 48 h of ICU admission. The primary endpoint was ICU mortality, while secondary outcomes included 28-day, 90-day, and in-hospital mortality, along with haemorrhage occurrence.
Results
A total of 3866 elderly patients with sepsis were enrolled in the study, with 1434 patients receiving heparin and 2432 patients without heparin therapy. Early heparin therapy significantly reduced ICU mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.48–0.81) and haemorrhage occurrence (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.33–0.56) across the overall population with PSM. However, early heparin therapy did not significantly improve 28-day, 90-day, or in-hospital mortality. MSCMs further confirmed that heparin administration reduced ICU mortality (HR 0.58, 95% CI: 0.44–0.75) in the general population. Stratification analysis using MSCMs indicated that heparin administration was associated with a reduced ICU mortality rate among patients on ventilation (HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.41–0.74) and with AKI (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.45–0.78) (P < 0.001).
Conclusions
Heparin administration to elderly patients at the early stages of sepsis is effective in reducing ICU mortality without increasing the risk of bleeding. Prospective studies are needed to verify this findings.
Educational Research on Medical Residency Programs in Chile: A Scoping Review and Analysis of the Impact of the New Accreditation Policy
Authors: Donato Katherine Marín , Armijo-Rivera Soledad , Pérez René Cantariño , Vicencio-Clarke Scarlett , Ramírez-Delgado Paulina , Bonifay Ximena Triviño , Díaz-Guío Diego Andrés , Mujica Carolina Acuña 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Accrediting medical specialties programs are expected to influence and standardize training program quality, align curriculum with population needs, and improve learning environments. Despite global agreement on its necessity, methods vary widely. In the Chilean context, a recent new accreditation criteria includes research productivity in relation to educational research on resident programs, so we aimed to define it. What is the profile of publications in educational research produced by Chilean medical specialty residency programs in the last five years? Based on these results, we intend to analyze the potential impact of the new accreditation policy on medical specialty programs in Chile.
Methods
We performed a preliminary bibliometric search to identify the use of the term “resident” in literature. After that, we conducted a literature search, using a six-step approach to scoping reviews, including the appraisal of the methodological quality of the articles.
Results
Between 2019 and 2023, an average of 6.2 articles were published yearly (19%). The bibliometric analysis revealed that the dominant thematic area of the journals was clinical, accounting for 78.1%. Most articles focused on residents (84.38%), with only two articles including graduates as participants. One university was responsible for 62.50% of the articles and participated in all multicenter studies (9.38%). Surgical specialties produced 15 research articles focused on procedural training using simulation. Psychiatry was the second most productive specialty, with 5 articles (15.63%) covering standardized patients, well-being, and mental health assessment. The most frequent research focus within residency programs over the five-year period was teaching and learning methodologies, with 19 articles representing almost 60% of the total analyzed.
Conclusions
Considering the low number of programs with publications in educational research compared to the number of programs reported by the official site of the Ministry of Education, and considering that the articles found only address a few areas of resident training, we can conclude that the new accreditation policies could negatively affect the accreditation of these programs. To mitigate this impact, it is crucial that universities implement strategies to increase productivity in these areas.
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Evaluation of SnO 2 Nanostructures: Structural, Optical, and Thermal Characterization
Authors: RAJESH N. , SOBANA P. NAGARANI 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Semiconducting tin oxide (SnO2) nanostructures were successfully synthesized using a simple, rapid, and energy-saving microwave-assisted technique. The prepared SnO2 samples were characterized by XRD, TEM, EDX, UV–DRS, photoluminescence, and TGA/DTA, demonstrating good crystal quality. The structure and surface morphology of the samples were investigated as a function of microwave irradiation using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Structural studies by XRD revealed that the samples exhibit a tetragonal cassiterite structure, with a crystallite size observed to vary from 2 to 23 nm according to TEM measurements. UV-VIS diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) indicated that the direct and indirect band gap energies of SnO2 are 3.86 and 1.56 eV, respectively. To highlight the optical properties of the SnO2 nanostructures, the variation of photon energy concerning microwave radiation was investigated through absorption and extinction coefficient studies, refractive index, dielectric constant, and optical conductivity studies. The SnO2 nanoparticles exhibited emission peaks at 428, 484, 525, and 632 nm in the photoluminescence spectrum. The major weight loss observed in thermo gravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA) corresponds to the formation of tin oxide.
EGGPT：an extensible and growing genomic prediction technology
Authors: Wu Jianhui , Wang Yuze , Yu Rui , Long Linsiwan , Zhao Jiwen , Yuan Meng , Zhang Chuanliang , Chen Tiantian , Dong Haitao , Li Chunlian , Zheng Wei-Jun , kang zhensheng , Zeng Qingdong , Han Dejun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Genomic selection (GS) is an effective way to aid breeders in enhancing the precision and efficiency of plant and animal breeding through the use of genomic prediction (GP) methods. However, most of GP methods based on a single algorithm are poor robustness and lags behind the development of algorithms in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). To address these limitations, we present an extensible and growing genomic prediction technology (EGGPT). EGGPT is designed on engineering principles, that abstracts the GP process into a five-layer structure including data collection, processing, encoding, base and meta model construction. Using the ensemble learning, EGGPT overcomes the poor robustness. And the highly decoupled modular architecture enables rapid integration with new methods to achieve the best performance for all datasets. These datasets involve 84 various traits across 7 plant and 1 animal species, suggesting that EGGPT could emerge as a new paradigm in GP.
Development and Validation of a Predictive Model for In-Hospital Mortality from Perioperative Bacteremia in Gastrointestinal Surgery
Authors: Taki Yusuke , Sato Shinsuke , Watanabe Masaya , Ohata Ko , Kanemoto Hideyuki , Oba Noriyuki 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Prognostic scores require fluctuating values, such as respiratory rate, which are unsuitable for retrospective auditing. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for in-hospital mortality associated with gastrointestinal surgery for retrospective auditing.
Methods
Data from patients with bacteremia related to gastrointestinal surgery performed at Shizuoka General Hospital between July 2006 and December 2021 were extracted from a prospectively maintained database. Patients suspected of having a positive blood culture with contaminating bacteria or missing laboratory data were excluded. Remaining patients were divided into deviation (July 2006–November 2016) and validation cohorts (December 2016–December 2021) at a 2:1 ratio. A logistic regression model estimated the odds ratios (ORs) and created a predictive model for in-hospital mortality. The model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration plots.
Results
Of 20,637 gastrointestinal surgeries, 398 resulted in bacteremia. The median age of patients with bacteremia was 72 years, and 66.1% were male. The most common pathogens were Staphylococcus (13.9%), followed by Bacteroides (12.4%) and Escherichia (11.4%). Multivariable logistic regression showed that creatinine abnormality (P < 0.001, OR = 3.23), decreased prognostic nutritional index (P < 0.001, OR = 0.91/unit), and age ≥ 75 years (P = 0.016, OR = 2.16) were independent prognostic factors for in-hospital mortality. The area under the ROC curve of the predictive model was 0.775 in the validation cohort. The calibration plot revealed that the model overestimated mortality in the validation cohort.
Conclusions
Using age, creatinine level, albumin level, and lymphocyte count, the model accurately predicted in-hospital mortality after bacteremia infection related to gastrointestinal surgery, demonstrating its suitability for retrospective audits.
Navigating Barriers and Embracing Facilitators of Connection: Insights from Peer Recovery Specialists Working with Individuals with Substance Use Disorder and Criminal Justice Involvement: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Sutter-Barrett Rebecca , Spencer Nancy , Elnahas Nora , Hurd Rebecca , Delaney Margaret , Bivens Aman 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Substance use disorder affects over half of incarcerated individuals, with 23% experiencing opioid use disorder specifically. Addressing opioid use disorder in jails is crucial due to its association with increased recidivism and overdose. This study investigates the experiences of peer recovery specialists working with individuals with opioid use disorder and criminal justice involvement, focusing on barriers and facilitators to client connections. Qualitative interviews were conducted with five peer recovery specialists across three sites in Virginia between August 2022 to December 2023.
Results
This analysis categorized findings into two main domains: barriers to connection and facilitators of connection. Within the barriers to connection, six themes emerged: jail specific restrictions, client in withdrawal, social determinants of health insecurities, lack of client engagement, disconnection, and adverse peer recovery experience. Jail-specific restrictions was the most common barrier to connection with 91.3% of transcripts referencing at least one code for jail-specific restrictions; 73.91% of all transcripts indicated social determinants of health insecurities; 56.52% of all peer recovery specialist transcripts experienced clients in withdrawal; 52.17% of all transcripts identified lack of client engagement; 43.48% of all transcripts identified disconnection as a barrier; and 34.78% of all transcripts indicated adverse peer recovery specialist experiences. Three themes were identified as facilitators of connection: communication skills, connection to services, and positive peer recovery specialist experience. Communication skills were by far the most prominent, with 100% of all transcripts indicating a code related to communication skills; 60.87% of all transcripts indicated positive peer recovery specialist experience; and 56.52% of all transcripts identified connection to services as a facilitator. Notable discrepancies in code frequency were observed across different sites, suggesting site specific challenges.
Conclusion
This study offers valuable insights into enhancing peer-based support programs within the justice system for individuals with opioid use disorder. Barriers such as jail specific restrictions, client withdrawal, and social determinants of health insecurities pose significant challenges, while effective communication emerges as a critical facilitator. Findings emphasize the need for collaborative efforts between justice and recovery partners to optimize the impact of peer-based support services.
Assessing the Environmental and Economic Benefits of Solar Energy Integration in Nigerian Construction
Authors: Unegbu H. C. O. , Yawas D. S. , Dan-asabe B. , Alabi A. A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the environmental and economic benefits of integrating solar energy into the Nigerian construction sector, alongside the challenges and barriers hindering its adoption. Utilizing a mixed methods approach, the research combines quantitative data from surveys and qualitative insights from interviews and case studies. The findings demonstrate substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, highlighting the positive impact of solar energy on air and water quality. Economically, the analysis reveals high Net Present Values (NPV) and Internal Rates of Return (IRR), indicating that solar energy investments are financially viable with significant long-term savings. However, the study identifies key challenges, including financial constraints, technological limitations, regulatory hurdles, and social and cultural barriers. Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) provides a nuanced understanding of the multi-level factors influencing solar energy adoption, emphasizing the importance of individual awareness and organizational policy support. The study contributes to the existing literature on sustainable construction by providing empirical evidence and practical insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders. Recommendations include the development of supportive regulatory frameworks, financial incentives, public awareness campaigns, and community engagement strategies to overcome the identified barriers. Despite its limitations, this study underscores the critical role of solar energy in promoting environmental sustainability and economic development in Nigeria, calling for coordinated efforts to accelerate the transition to renewable energy solutions.
Adenoviral Fiber-Knob Based Vaccination Elicits Efficient Neutralizing Antibodies and CD4+ T cell Responses Against Adenovirus Infection
Authors: Orabi Ahmed , Shameli Kamyar , Protzer Ulrike , Moeini Hassan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) frequently cause common respiratory or gastrointestinal infections among children, adults, individuals with immune deficiencies and other vulnerable populations with varying degree of symptoms, ranging from mild to server, and in some cases, even fatalities. Despite the significant clinical impact of HAdVs, there is currently no approved vaccine available.
Methods: This study explores the potential of the adenovirus type 5 fiber knob (Ad5-FK) to stimulate the production of Ad-specific neutralizing antibodies and T-cell responses in mice. Based in structure predictions, we firstly expressed Ad5-FK in E. coli and confirmed the assembly of FK into trimerc form. After testing the binding capability of the trimeric FK to susceptible cells, the immunogenicity of the protein, in combination with the c-di-AMP adjuvant was assessed in BALB/c mice.
Results: The purified Ad5-FK exhibited self-trimerization and maintained correct conformation akin to the authentic FK structure. This facilitated effective binding to susceptible HEK293 cells. Notably, the protein demonstrated significant inhibition of HEK293 cells infection by rAd5-GFP. Immunization of BALB/c mice with Ad5-FK or Ad5-FK mixed with c-di-AMP yielded FK-specific antibodies with potent neutralization capacity. Significantly, Ad5-FK was found to elicit a vigorous CD4+ T-cell response in the immunized mice..
Conclusion: Our findings underscore the efficacy of FK-based vaccine in eliciting anti-Ad humoral immune response and CD4 T-cell immune reactions essential for protection against viral infections.
Characteristics and association of trigger thumb with congenital malformation and developmental milestones in children: Nationwide analyses of a birth cohort
Authors: Kim So Young , Lee Hyun Il , Yoo Ha-Na , Han Bo Eun , Han Man Yong , Lee Soonchul 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Despite extensive research on pediatric trigger thumb, nationwide data on patient characteristics, coexisting birth defects, and development remain limited. This cohort study, using Korean National Health Insurance data, analyzed 1.9 million births (2009–2012) followed to age 6. We identified 10,167 trigger thumb cases and matched them 1:10 by sex and birth year with controls. Baseline features, congenital malformations (ICD-10, Q00-Q89), and development at ages 4–6 (Korean Developmental Screening Test) were compared. Logistic regression assessed comorbidity risk, expressed as odds ratio (OR), while generalized estimating equations evaluated the association between trigger thumb and developmental outcomes. The trigger thumb group (average diagnosis age: 31.3 months, 46.6% male) had 32.6% of surgery rate at an average age of 43 months. Trigger thumb group had significantly higher rates of musculoskeletal (OR 5.80, 95% CI 5.38–6.26), lens (OR 2.76, 95% CI 1.19–6.42), and circulatory system malformations (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.09–1.49) compared to controls. However, assessment using the Korean Developmental Screening Test revealed no significant delays in development, including gross and fine motor skills. Pediatric trigger thumb is linked to increased congenital malformations but doesn't seem to hinder development. Screening for coexisting conditions and reassuring parents about development are crucial.
Umbilical double-port laparoscopy combined with extraperitoneal water injection for the treatment of giant inguinal hernias in infants and young children
Authors: Xiao Zhixiang , Wu Lijing , Li Jun , He Shaohua , Kang Yingquan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective Exploration of the efficacy of treating large indirect inguinal hernias in infants and young children using umbilical double-port laparoscopy combined with extraperitoneal water injection.
Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 165 cases of primary unilateral large indirect inguinal hernias in infants and young children treated at our hospital from May 2018 to May 2023. Among them, 90 cases underwent umbilical double-port laparoscopic surgery combined with extraperitoneal water injection and high ligation of the hernia sac (Double-Port Group), and another 75 cases underwent conventional three-port laparoscopic high ligation of the hernia sac (Three-Port Group). The two groups were compared in terms of operation time, postoperative pain scores at 24 hours, hospital stay, incision complications, and recurrence within one year after surgery.
Results Both groups successfully completed the surgery without any intraoperative complications. The pain score at 24 hours postoperatively was lower in the Double-Port Group compared to the Three-Port Group, and there was no statistically significant difference in operation time, hospital stay, and incision complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). Both groups were followed up for one year postoperatively; the Three-Port Group had one recurrence that was cured after further treatment, while there were no recurrences in the Double-Port Group.
Conclusion Umbilical double-port laparoscopy combined with extraperitoneal water injection for the treatment of large indirect inguinal hernias in infants and young children has the advantages of being safe and reliable, with concealed and aesthetic incisions, and rapid recovery.