bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in Learning Outcomes of Students Participating in Problem-Based Learning for the First Time: A Case Study of a Financial Management Course
Authors: Lee Yung-Chuan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore how first-time problem-based learning (PBL) participants can improve their learning outcomes. Empirical results showed that students with higher academic performance and attendance rates significantly enhanced their critical thinking and problem-solving skills through PBL compared to traditional lecture-based methods. However, PBL was less effective for students with lower academic performance or attendance rates compared to traditional lectures, highlighting the impact of student characteristics on PBL outcomes. Tutors should focus on students with lower academic or attendance rates, encouraging their active participation to improve overall learning outcomes. Results of path model analysis revealed that tutor performance significantly influences both the learning process and the development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Self-directed learning greatly influences critical thinking, while the functionality of tutorial groups significantly affects problem-solving skills. These findings emphasized the importance of tutor performance in enhancing the learning outcomes of students new to PBL. Therefore, educational institutions should invest in PBL teaching seminars to boost tutor performance and ultimately improve student learning outcomes.
Three old problems from the Polish school of mathematics
Authors: Montejano Luis 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis note deals with three problems posed in the 1930s by two prominent members of the Polish school of mathematics. The first problem is known as the isometric Banach conjecture and deals with the simplest characterization of Hilbert spaces among Banach spaces. It was stated in 1932 by Stephan Banach in his book Théorie des opérations linéaires, 1987. The second is Problem 68 in the Scottish Book, 2015, posed by Stanislaw Ulam in 1936, and the third is the well known floating body problem stated by Stanislaw Ulam in 1935 and which is also known as Problem 19 of the Scottish Book.
Intuitionistic fuzzy pattern recognition model in assessment of the social empowerment index for Azerbaijan
Authors: Imanov G. , Aliyev A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this work, an intuitionistic fuzzy pattern recognition model is developed to evaluate the social empowerment index (SEI) for Azerbaijan. The global social and economic indices are usually computed with classical methods, in which the data uncertainty and fuzziness are not taken into account. The main advantageous points of the current research are to take into account the fuzziness of input data and incurring fuzziness along the computation process which also are the main reasons for the application of fuzzy logic extension-based tools. The presented work integrates the following operations: normalization of negative and positive affecting indicators, fuzzification of normalized data, intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation-based weight computation, checking the consistency of intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation matrices, intuitionistic fuzzy aggregation of indicators and sub-indices, and intuitionistic fuzzy pattern recognition based on similarity measures. The set-up algorithm in the proposed paper makes it a comprehensive approach in the computation of socio-economic indices, compared to the existing multiple criteria decision-making methods. The obtained results exhibit SEI level in Azerbaijan, and the proposed approach can be applied in the analysis and estimation of other socio-economic phenomena.
Intra-migrant workplace conflict: impediment to improving migrants’ workforce integration
Authors: Chatrath Puja , Hack-Polay Dieu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study examines the tensions between newcomer migrants and established immigrants in the workforce in the United Kingdom. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 participants in a food-manufacturing company to investigate how solidarity and conflict among groups of migrants impact their ability to integrate into the workplace. The research found that heightened levels of conflict occur between new and long-term immigrants. This engenders segregation as well as discrimination within the immigrant groups, which then hampers their career growth opportunities. The results have important consequences for diversity and inclusion in the workforce. The study shows that diversity needs a greater and wider focus than the current emphasis on the local population vs. immigrant paradigm. More attention should be devoted to tackling tensions between groups of immigrants.
A comprehensive dataset for dynamic analysis of ocean front
Authors: Yang Yuting , Gao Ying , Sun Xin , Ju Yakun , Zhang Cong , Lam Kin-Man 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes an ocean front database and a method for its construction tailored for studying the dynamic evolution of ocean fronts. Ocean fronts play a crucial role in the interactions between the ocean and atmosphere, affecting the transfer of heat and matter in the ocean. In recent years, research on ocean fronts has emerged as a significant and rapidly evolving area within oceanography. With the development of ocean remote sensing technology, the amount of available ocean remote sensing data has been increasing. However, the potential of this expanding volume of ocean front data remains largely untapped. The lag in data processing technology has hindered research progress in understanding ocean fronts despite the growing amount of data available. To bridge this gap, this paper proposes an ocean front dynamic evolution database along with a method for its construction to further promote research into the variations and interactions of ocean fronts. This is especially relevant for studies utilizing deep learning to explore the dynamic evolution of ocean fronts. Specifically, the proposed database is designed to capture the variation processes of ocean front enhancement and attenuation, as well as the interactions during ocean front splitting and merging. The proposed database construction method allows for the segmentation and extraction of specific ocean fronts of interest from ocean front images. The proposed method is beneficial for analyzing the dynamic evolution between multiple ocean fronts on the same timeline.
Acute myeloid leukemia first presentation with central nervous system (CNS) involvement: a case report
Authors: Shateri Amiri Bahareh , Aliabadi Fatemeh , Ghalamkari Marziyeh , Omidali Mehrnia , Babaheidarian Pegah , Ayoubpour Mohamadreza , Hejrati Alireza , Bubur Jan Bozorgi Negar , Rekabi Vahab 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) typically presents with bone marrow myeloblast replacement, which can interfere with normal hematopoiesis. In rare cases, extramedullary involvement of myeloblasts can occur and affect various organs. When AML affects the central nervous system at the time of diagnosis, it is considered to be an unusual occurrence, with less than 5% of incidence.

Case presentation
A 19-year-old girl presented with progressively worsening frontal tension headache and blurred vision over a month. She also experienced sudden onset right eye strabismus and diplopia 25 days prior to her visit. Additionally, her complete blood count revealed pancytopenia.
Following a thorough evaluation, including cytology and flow cytometry, of cerebrospinal fluid and bone marrow biopsy, she was diagnosed as AML with meningeal involvement.

Conclusion
Physicians should consider underlying malignancy in patients with meningeal symptoms, cranial nerve involvement, and/or resistance to conventional therapies.
A Machine Learning‐Based Approach to Quantify ENSO Sources of Predictability
Authors: Colfescu Ioana , Christensen Hannah , Gagne David John 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA machine learning method is used to identify sources of long‐term ENSO predictability in the ocean (sea surface temperature (SST) and heat content) and the atmosphere (near‐surface zonal wind (U10)). Tropical SST represents the primary source of predictability skill. While U10 does not increase the skill when associated with SST, our analysis suggests U10 alone has apredictive skill comparable to that of SST between 11 and 21 months in advance, from late fall up to late spring. The long‐lead signal originates from coupled wind‐SST interactions across the Indian Ocean (IO) and propagates across the Pacific via an atmospheric bridge mechanism. A linear correlation analysis supports this mechanism, suggesting a precursor link between anomalies in SST in the western and wind in the eastern IO. Our results have important implications for ENSO predictions beyond 1 year ahead and identify the key role of U10 over the IO.
Molecular Composition Evolution of Dissolved Organic Matter With Water Depth in Prydz Bay of East Antarctic: Carbon Export Implications
Authors: Jiang Bin , Zhao Jun , Li Dong , Zhan Liyang , Gao Zhongyong , Sun Heng , Zhou Yuping , Pan Jianming , Sun Yongge 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study analyzes the molecular composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in Prydz Bay by Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance mass spectrometry to probe the carbon sequestration capacity in the continental shelf system. Concentrations of particulate organic carbon (POC), particulate nitrogen and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) with water depth show that POC could be mainly decomposed into DOC and/or microbially degraded. Highly labile DOC is further degraded and remineralized by microorganisms within the upper 200 m, as evidenced by a downward enrichment of 13CPOC and increases in the average molecular weight, oxygen atom number (O) and double bond equivalents of DOM molecules, indicating that biodegradation is the main driver for particulate organic matter and DOM evolution with water depth. Semi‐quantitative calculation demonstrates that ∼83% of POC was transformed to DOC as well as dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and ∼30% of DOC further to DIC via microbial degradation within the upper 200 m in summer, resulting in a relatively low total organic carbon content in sediments of Prydz Bay. The newly transformed DIC and residue DOC can be preserved in the deep layer due to the formation of well stratified and stable water body in summer of Prydz Bay, ultimately entering the regional circulation system instead of being released back into the atmosphere. This could be one of the most important processes determining the atmosphere CO2 uptake in the continental shelf system of Southern Ocean.
Climate Change Can Intensify the Effects of Local Interventions: A Morphological Modeling Study of a Highly Engineered Estuary
Authors: Siemes Rutger W. A. , Duong Trang Minh , Borsje Bas W. , Hulscher Suzanne J. M. H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEstuaries worldwide are susceptible and adapting to climate change (CC) impacts from both the river and coastal boundaries. Furthermore, engineering efforts are undertaken to improve flood safety, to claim land for human use or for port operations, which change estuary morphology. This paper aims to gain an understanding of the combined effects of CC and human interventions on the estuarine‐wide morphological response by analyzing the sediment infilling of highly engineered estuaries. A schematized process‐based morphodynamic model is used (Delft3D‐FM, in 2DH), resembling a highly engineered estuary in the Rhine‐Meuse Delta, The Netherlands. Three types of changes were implemented, both in isolation and in combination: (a) local interventions (changing channel depth or wetland area), (b) upstream human interventions (changing fluvial sediment supply) and (c) extreme CC scenarios (with projections for the future forcings and bathymetry). Results show that a CC scenario can elicit both positive and negative changes in the estuary's sediment budget. The direction and magnitude of the change depend on the local intervention and can align with the effect of the local intervention, intensifying its impact. The combined effects can even reverse the sign of the sediment budget. This stresses the need of analyzing CC impacts in combination with human interventions. Additionally, a relationship was identified which quantifies how a change in peak flow velocity due to both local interventions and sea‐level rise affects the annual sediment budget. These findings can help determine how local interventions affect morphodynamics of engineered estuaries in present and future climates.
A High‐Performance Coupled Human And Natural Systems (CHANS) Model for Flood Risk Assessment and Reduction
Authors: Qin Haoyang , Liang Qiuhua , Chen Huili , De Silva Varuna 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn recent years, flood risk in urban areas has been rapidly increasing due to unsustainable urban development, changes of hydrological processes and frequent occurrence of extreme weather events. Flood risk assessment should realistically take into account the complex interactions between human and natural systems to better inform risk management and improve resilience. In this study, we propose a novel Coupled Human And Natural Systems (CHANS) modeling framework to capture the intricate interactive human behaviors and flooding process at a high spatial resolution. The new CHANS modeling framework integrates a high‐performance hydrodynamic model with an agent‐based model to simulate the complex responses of individual households to the evolving flood conditions, leveraging the computing power of graphics processing units (GPUs) to achieve real‐time simulation. The framework is applied to reproduce the 2015 Desmond flood in the 2,500 km2 Eden Catchment in England, demonstrating its ability to predict interactive flood‐human dynamics and assess flood impact at the household‐level. The study also further explores the effectiveness of different flood risk management strategies, including the provision of early warning and distribution of sandbags, in mitigating flood impact. The new CHANS model potentially provides a useful tool for understanding short‐term human behaviors and their impact on flood risk during a flood event, which is important for the development of effective disaster risk management plans.
Original Insights Into Rock Slope Damage Processes Until Collapse From Passive Seismic Monitoring
Authors: Bottelin P. , Baillet L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe performed a passive seismic monitoring of the La Praz ∼14,000 m3 unstable slope (French Alps) spanning over 10 years. During the last 6 months prior to collapse, we detected a clear 24% decrease in the slope's fundamental resonance frequency, f0, caused by a reduction in overall rock mass stiffness. The combined study of f0 and slope deformation suggested the alternating importance of sudden brittle failure processes versus more ductile phases with possible sliding. Seismic monitoring revealed slope damage that remained ambiguous or undetected with ground surface deformation monitoring, and highlighted critical periods with intense damage. Only some of these critical damage periods could be related to clear external forcing factors such as intense rainfall episodes. These new insights into rock slope's structural condition at depth represent an asset for future monitoring systems. Surface deformation and passive seismic stiffness tracking combined could reveal active slopes with ongoing damage processes.
Cyclone‐Like Features Within the Stratospheric Polar‐Night Vortex
Authors: Davies Huw C. , Sprenger Michael 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDistinctive synoptic‐scale (∼1,500 km) flow features are identified within the core of the stratospheric polar‐night vortex at stratopause altitudes (∼50 km). Typically they comprise a train or a complex pattern of transient vortices, each characterized by enhanced values of potential vorticity (PV) and relative vorticity but with a weaker thermal signal. In the MERRA‐2 (and two other) reanalysis fields these cyclone‐like features persist for several days, occur episodically, and form essentially within the core of the polar‐night vortex itself. Their origin is plausibly linked to a form of barotropic instability associated with a radiatively‐induced annular ring of enhanced PV. Moreover, their ubiquity and dynamics carries possible implications for: ‐ the structure of the larger‐scale polar vortex and its preconditioning ahead of a Sudden Stratospheric Warming event; the distribution of trace‐constituents within the core; and the features representation in extended range/seasonal prediction and climate models.
Not So Fast: A New Catalog of Meteor Persistent Trains
Authors: Cordonnier L. E. , Obenberger K. S. , Holmes J. M. , Taylor G. B. , Vida D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper presents the results of a nearly 2‐year long campaign to detect and analyze meteor persistent trains (PTs)—self‐emitting phenomena which can linger up to an hour after their parent meteor. The modern understanding of PTs has been primarily developed from the Leonid storms at the turn of the century; our goal was to assess the validity of these conclusions using a diverse sample of meteors with a wide range of velocities and magnitudes. To this end, year‐round observations were recorded by the Widefield Persistent Train camera, 2nd edition (WiPT2) and were passed through a pipeline to filter out airplanes and flag potential meteors. These were classified by visual inspection based on the presence and duration of trains. Observed meteors were cross‐referenced with the Global Meteor Network (GMN) database, which independently detects and calculates meteor parameters, enabling statistical analysis of PT‐leaving meteors. There were 4,726 meteors codetected by the GMN, with 636 of these leaving trains. Among these were a large population of slow, dim meteors that left PTs; these slower meteors had a greater train production rate relative to their faster counterparts. Unlike prior research, we did not find a clear magnitude cutoff or a strong association with fast meteor showers. Additionally, we note several interesting trends not previously reported, which include PT eligibility being primarily determined by a meteor's terminal height and an apparent dynamical origin dependence that likely reflects physical meteoroid properties.
Rearrangements involving 11q23.3/KMT2A in adult AML: mutational landscape and prognostic implications – a HARMONY study
Authors: Hernández-Sánchez Alberto , González Teresa , Sobas Marta , Sträng Eric , Castellani Gastone , Abáigar María , Valk Peter J. M. , Villaverde Ramiro Ángela , Benner Axel , Metzeler Klaus H. , Azibeiro Raúl , Tettero Jesse M. , Martínez-López Joaquín , Pratcorona Marta , Martínez Elicegui Javier , Mills Ken I. , Thiede Christian , Sanz Guillermo , Döhner Konstanze , Heuser Michael , Haferlach Torsten , Turki Amin T. , Reinhardt Dirk , Schulze-Rath Renate , Barbus Martje , Hernández-Rivas Jesús María , Huntly Brian , Ossenkoppele Gert , Döhner Hartmut , Bullinger Lars 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBalanced rearrangements involving the KMT2A gene (KMT2Ar) are recurrent genetic abnormalities in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but there is lack of consensus regarding the prognostic impact of different fusion partners. Moreover, prognostic implications of gene mutations co-occurring with KMT2Ar are not established. From the HARMONY AML database 205 KMT2Ar adult patients were selected, 185 of whom had mutational information by a panel-based next-generation sequencing analysis. Overall survival (OS) was similar across the different translocations, including t(9;11)(p21.3;q23.3)/KMT2A::MLLT3 (p = 0.756). However, independent prognostic factors for OS in intensively treated patients were age >60 years (HR 2.1, p = 0.001), secondary AML (HR 2.2, p = 0.043), DNMT3A-mut (HR 2.1, p = 0.047) and KRAS-mut (HR 2.0, p = 0.005). In the subset of patients with de novo AML < 60 years, KRAS and TP53 were the prognostically most relevant mutated genes, as patients with a mutation of any of those two genes had a lower complete remission rate (50% vs 86%, p < 0.001) and inferior OS (median 7 vs 30 months, p < 0.001). Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in first complete remission was able to improve OS (p = 0.003). Our study highlights the importance of the mutational patterns in adult KMT2Ar AML and provides new insights into more accurate prognostic stratification of these patients.
Neuroimaging and natural language processing-based classification of suicidal thoughts in major depressive disorder
Authors: Lee Dong Yun , Byeon Gihwan , Kim Narae , Son Sang Joon , Park Rae Woong , Park Bumhee 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSuicide is a growing public health problem around the world. The most important risk factor for suicide is underlying psychiatric illness, especially depression. Detailed classification of suicide in patients with depression can greatly enhance personalized suicide control efforts. This study used unstructured psychiatric charts and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) records from a psychiatric outpatient clinic to develop a machine learning-based suicidal thought classification model. The study included 152 patients with new depressive episodes for development and 58 patients from a geographically different hospital for validation. We developed an eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)-based classification models according to the combined types of data: independent components-map weightings from brain T1-weighted MRI and topic probabilities from clinical notes. Specifically, we used 5 psychiatric symptom topics and 5 brain networks for models. Anxiety and somatic symptoms topics were significantly more common in the suicidal group, and there were group differences in the default mode and cortical midline networks. The clinical symptoms plus structural brain patterns model had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.794) versus the clinical notes only and brain MRI only models (0.748 and 0.738, respectively). The results were consistent across performance metrics and external validation. Our findings suggest that focusing on personalized neuroimaging and natural language processing variables improves evaluation of suicidal thoughts.