bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New millimeter-wave diagnostics to locally probe internal density and magnetic field fluctuations in National Spherical Torus Experiment-Upgrade (invited)
Authors: Macwan T. , Barada K. , Kubota S. , Lantsov R. , Bradley L. , Pratt Q. , Hong R. , Michael C. A. , Hall-Chen V. , Wisniewski J. , Dong J. , Stratton B. , Crocker N. A. , Peebles W. A. , Rhodes T. L. 
Published: August 2024

A set of new millimeter-wave diagnostics will deliver unique measurement capabilities for National Spherical Torus Experiment-Upgrade to address a variety of plasma instabilities believed to be important in determining thermal and particle transport, such as micro-tearing, global Alfvén eigenmodes, kinetic ballooning, trapped electron, and electron temperature gradient modes. These diagnostics include a new integrated intermediate-k Doppler backscattering (DBS) and cross-polarization scattering (CPS) system (four channels, 82.5–87 GHz) to measure density and magnetic fluctuations, respectively. The system can access reasonably large normalized wavenumbers kθρs ranging from ≤0.5 to 15 (where ion sound gyroradius ρs = 1 cm and kθ is the binormal density turbulence wavenumber). The system addresses the challenges for making useful DBS/CPS measurements with a remote control of launch polarization (X- or O-mode), probed wavenumber, polarization match of the launch beam with the edge magnetic field pitch angle, and beam steering of the launched beam for wave-vector alignment. In addition, a low-k DBS system consisting of eight fixed frequencies (34–52 GHz) and four tunable frequencies (55–75 GHz) for low-k density turbulence and fast ion physics will be located at a nearby port location. The combined systems cover the near LCFS and pedestal regions (34–52 GHz), the pedestal or mid-radius (50–75 GHz), and core plasmas (82.5–87 GHz).
Effects of wetting and drying alternation on the shear properties of root-loess composites
Authors: Jiang Ruihan , Zhan Peng , Zhang Chaobo , Jiang Jing 
Published: August 2024

Context Plant roots can increase soil shear strength and reinforce soil. However, wetting and drying alternation (WD) could lead to soil structure destruction, soil erosion and slope instability. Aims This study tried to explore the effects of wetting and drying alternation on shear mechanical properties of loess reinforced with root system. Methods Direct shear testing was conducted on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) root system-loess composites with three soil bulk densities (1.2 g·cm−3, 1.3 g·cm−3 and 1.4 g·cm−3) under 0, 1, 2 and 3 cycles of wetting and drying alternation (WD0, WD1, WD2 and WD3). Key results The morphological integrity of the root-loess composites was obviously better than the non-rooted loess after WD. Under the three soil bulk densities, negative power-law relationships were observed between the shear strength, cohesion and internal friction angle and the cycles of WD. WD deteriorated the soil shear strength. The most obvious decrease in soil shear strength occurred under WD1, which was 13.00–22.86% for the non-rooted loess and 17.33–25.09% for the root-loess composites. The cohesion was decreased more than the internal friction angle by WD. Conclusions The most obvious damage to the soil was under WD1. The roots inhibited the deterioration effect of WD on the shear property of loess, and the inhibition by the roots decreased with the cycles of WD. Implications The results could provide new insights into the mechanical relationship between plant roots and loess under WD, and provide a scientific basis for the ecological construction in the loess areas.
Co-constructing translanguaging space to facilitate participation in a novice CFL classroom
Authors: Tian Jiaxin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In CSL/CFL classrooms, translanguaging has gained support for its ability to aid teachers in explanation and
classroom management, and enrich students’ learning by bringing their experience and knowledge to the classroom. This study,
employing Multimodal Conversation Analysis, investigates the co-construction of a translanguaging space in a novice CFL classroom
and the coordination of diverse semiotic resources to enhance student participation. The analysis reveals a fluid and dynamic
translanguaging space where students seamlessly integrate multilingual, embodied and material resources to participate actively
while the teacher utilises various semiotic resources to foster understanding and facilitate their participation. The findings
underscore the significance of establishing a translanguaging-friendly environment in CFL classrooms and also show the need for a
nuanced understanding of translanguaging practices.
FLRW cosmology in metric-affine F(R,Q) gravity*
Authors: Maurya Dinesh Chandra , Yesmakhanova K. , Myrzakulov R. , Nugmanova G. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We investigated some Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmological models in the context of metric-affine

gravity, as proposed in [arXiv: 1205.5266v6]. Here, R and Q are the curvature and nonmetricity scalars using non-special connections, respectively. We obtained the modified field equations using a flat FLRW metric. We then found a connection between the Hubble constant

, density parameter

, and other model parameters in two different situations involving scalars u and w. Next, we used new observational datasets, such as the cosmic chronometer (CC) Hubble and Pantheon SNe Ia datasets, to determine the optimal model parameter values through a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis. Using these best-fit values of the model parameters, we discussed the results and behavior of the derived models. Further, we discussed the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) for the derived models in the context of the Lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM). We found that the geometrical sector dark equation of state parameter

behaves just like a dark energy candidate. We also found that both models are transit phase models. Model-I approaches the ΛCDM model in the late-time universe, whereas Model-II approaches quintessence scenarios.
Black Hole Mass and Optical Radiation Mechanism of the Tidal Disruption Event AT 2023clx
Authors: Zhong Shiyan , Xu Xian , Chen Xinlei , Guo Helong , Fang Yuan , Du Guowang , Liu Xiangkun , Liu Xiaowei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We present the optical light curves of the tidal disruption event AT 2023clx in the declining phase, observed with Mephisto. Combining our light curve with the ASAS-SN and ATLAS data in the rising phase, and fitting the composite multi-band light curves with MOSFiT, we estimate black hole mass for AT 2023clx is between 105.67 and 105.82
M
⊙. This event may be caused by either a full disruption of a 0.1 M
⊙ star, or a partial disruption of a 0.99 M
⊙ star, depending on the data adopted for the rising phase. Based on those fit results and the non-detection of soft X-ray photons in the first 90 days, we propose that the observed optical radiation is powered by stream-stream collision. We speculate that the soft X-ray photons may gradually emerge in 100–600 days after the optical peak, when the debris is fully circularized into a compact accretion disk.
Computer-aided design of MEMS-FP based on reinforcement learning
Authors: Liu Zhenya , Wang Junchao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems Fabry-Perot (MEMS-FP) filter is a pivotal photosensitive component within optical instrumentation, serving an integral role across various optical applications, including frequency selection spectroscopy and spectral analysis. The advent of MEMS-FP technology has significantly contributed to advancements in the optical field, underscoring the necessity for precise pre-fabrication theoretical predictions of device properties through finite element analysis (FEA). Nonetheless, the complexity inherent in three-dimensional modelling of MEMS-FP structures, coupled with the intricate nature of finite element simulations, presents substantial challenges that impede progress in MEMS-FP research. To navigate these challenges, this paper introduces a novel approach employing reinforcement learning (RL) for the automated design of MEMS-FP devices. This method encompasses the development of a Deep Q-Network (DQN) algorithm, the formulation of a tailored reward function, and an innovative strategy for updating the status of MEMS-FP devices. Various designs schemes of MEMS-FP devices can be acquired using MEMS-FP state search. The disparity between the MEMS-FP device design scheme and performance index can be assessed using a reward function. The DQN algorithm is crafted to update the network responsible for predicting Q-values. The agent trained by our method can rapidly calculate the MEMS-FP device design scheme that fulfils a specified performance index when provided with the performance index of the MEMS-FP device. By amalgamating reinforcement learning with MEMS-FP device research, this approach adeptly identifies optimal design configurations that meet specified performance criteria with enhanced precision and efficiency and promote the advancement of MEMS-FP devices.
A Low-Power MEMS Micro-Hotplate for Ethanol Sensing
Authors: Han Xuefei , Zhang Yunjing , Li Lingfeng , Li Peng , He Xingli 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The MEMS-based micro-hotplate was widely used for gas sensing and has demonstrated a responsive range of 1-200 ppm for ethanol detection. In this study, a low-power micro-heater was designed and simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics. The hybrid 1D and 2D ZnO nanoparticles were utilized as the sensing layers for ethanol sensing. The sensing devices were fabricated and characterized. The electrical performance of the gas sensors was consistent with the simulation results, demonstrating low power consumption and high reliability. In gas sensing characterizations, the sensors exhibited high sensitivity, excellent repeatability, short response/recovery time, strong anti-interference capability, and high reliability.
3D printed biocompatible scaffolds combined with electrical stimulation promote wound healing in diabetic rats
Authors: Yang Xi , Zhong Yufan , Zhang Liang , Zhuo Fengling , Liu Yulu , Li Guangyang , Wang Xiaozhi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The directional movement of ions at the wound creates an endogenous electric field, which plays a crucial role in the wound healing process. However, wounds in diabetic patients are difficult to heal due to insufficient endogenous electric fields, and existing treatment methods still have limitations. Therefore, we propose a treatment regimen using 3D printed scaffolds combined with electrical stimulation to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. Through simulation studies, it is found that the number of scaffold layers is positively correlated with the electric field energy. Animal experiment results show that the regimen can promote the orderly arrangement of collagen fibers and improve the wound healing rate of diabetic rats. Further analysis based on simulation and experimental results indicate that under single-phase pulse electrical stimulation with the same parameters, the wound healing rate is higher in the scaffold group with higher electric field energy. Therefore, the combination of scaffolds with electrical stimulation can accelerate wound healing. Our research provides an effective means for healing wounds in diabetic patients.
Fabrication of a sidewall reflective optical switch by using FIB etching
Authors: He Zhen , Cao Jun , Dai Jun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
As a key device of micro-optical electromechanical system technology, silicon-based MEMS optical switches have become a frontier research hotspot in the current world of science and technology development. The mechanical analysis and structural design of sidewall reflective optical switch is straightforward. However the high roughness of the sidewall limits the application of MEMS sidewall reflective optical switches. This study proposes an effective method to process the sidewall surface by using focused ion beam (FIB) etching. The effect of FIB etching on an Si sidewall surface was experimentally investigated. The surface roughness of the sidewall mirror was improved from 126 nm to 5 nm. The improvement in FIB etching for a MEMS sidewall reflective optical switch was demonstrated. The output power of the MEMS sidewall reflective optical switch has been increased by more than 300%. We believe this work is significant for high precision processing for sidewall reflective optical switches, promoting the application in the research fields of optical engineering, microfluidics, instrumentation and so forth.
Audio-visual Fusion of Artificial Intelligence for Enhanced Human Recognition
Authors: Li Zening , Wang Jiachuang , Yue Xiawei , Zhao Fangyu , Wei Xiaoling , Tao Tiger H. , Qin Nan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In complex rescue environments, the information that can be perceived by a single vision is often limited, and it is easy to miss the best opportunity to help disaster victims. We designed an intelligent robotic system that fuses audio-visual information to solve the problems of poor lighting, heat source interference, and line-of-sight occlusion in complex rescue environments. By carrying visible optics cameras, infrared cameras, and microphone arrays, the system realizes multi-modal information sensing of vision, temperature, and hearing in complex environments. And we designed an intelligent recognition algorithm for multi-modal fusion. It searches for rescuers outside the camera’s field of view through sound source localization, and uses audio-visual fusion for human recognition, which ensures the normal operation of the rescue system in obscured or poorly lit environments. We conducted data acquisition and testing experiments in six different complex environments. The results show an accuracy of 95.17% using the audio-visual fusion algorithm. It has better performance compared to the single visual modality in all scenes.
Microfluidic Sensor for Dielectric Spectroscopy Measurement of Microliter Biological Fluids over 1-60 GHz
Authors: Wang Jianhua , Sun Wen , Wang Qinyu , Sun Lingling 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A wideband microfluidic sensor based on a microfluidic channel and a millimeter wave coplanar waveguide sensor is proposed. The sensor operates in a frequency band ranging from 1GHz to 60GHz and is used to measure the dielectric spectrum of microliter volume liquids. When the microwave signal incident on the interface of the liquid sample, transmission and reflection will occur, and the transmission and reflection coefficients are related to the dielectric constant of the liquid sample, and the dielectric constant of the sample to be measured can be deduced from the measured scattering parameters. The dielectric spectrum results measured at 150mmol/L NaCl were compared with the commercial Keysight results to verify the accuracy of the sensor. Finally, complex biological liquid samples tumor cell suspension MCF-7 and WBC were measured. The difference between NaCl solution and the working frequency band reflected the difference between different cell suspensions. The error range of the five consecutive measurements was much smaller than the difference between tumor cells. These results provide support for distinguishing different tumor cell suspensions.
The cell elastic modulus sensing based on surface acoustic wave devices
Authors: Ye Boya , Sun Lingling 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Elastic modulus is an important parameter to reflect the status of the cell. In this work, the elastic modulus of liquid and cancer cell were studied based on the delay line type surface acoustic wave (SAW) device. Firstly, the finite element method (FEM) was used to analyse and design the sensor, a cavity was etched on the propagation path. After the acoustic wave transmit through the cavity, the transmission parameter was disturbed by the material in the cavity. The phase shift of the S21
parameter of the SAW sensor was used to detect the elastic modulus of liquid or cell in the cavity.
Studies on the safe application techniques of high-pressure hydrogen gas
Authors: Suwa Yoshihide 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Hydrogen is expected to be a clean next-generation energy source. Although hydrogen technologies such as FCVs have already reached the practical stage, hydrogen energy has not yet been fully utilized. One of the reasons for this may be that many people feel that hydrogen gas is dangerous. Now the development of safe technologies such as hydrogen storage materials is progressing. However, hydrogen is still stored and used as high-pressure gas in FCVs and supply stations. Hydrogen gas is certainly highly flammable and explosive. However, it can be used as safely as any other fuel, when it is properly managed and operated. To popularize the use of hydrogen energy, it is very important to correctly recognize the properties of hydrogen gas and take appropriate safety measures. In this paper, analysis of past hydrogen gas accidents, simulations of gas flow during the leak accident, damage of structures caused by explosion tests, and effective safety measures technologies for these accidents will be shown.
Effect of rotation speed on hydrogen storage properties of Ti45Zr38Ni17 alloy ribbons produced by melt spinning
Authors: Takasaki A , Klimkowicz A , Takahashi N , Czub J , Gondek L , Zywczak A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Ti/Zr-based icosahedral (i) quasicrystals are believed to have a Bergman-type cluster with a large number of tetrahedral interstitials, making them attractive as potential hydrogen storage materials. In this study, Ti45Zr38Ni17 alloy ribbons were prepared by melt spinning at different rotation speeds, and the effect of the rotation speed on the microstructures and hydrogen storage capacities was investigated. The i-phase with a small amount of Ti2Ni phase and/or some minor crystal phase was identified after melt spinning, but the amount of amorphous phase increased and the Ti2Ni and the other crystal phases decreased with increasing rotation speed. After gaseous hydrogen loading at 573 K and a pressure of 3 MPa, a hydride phase was observed in the samples with more amorphous phase, suggesting that the amorphous phase turned into the hydride phase. The maximum gaseous hydrogen capacity (H/M), 1.31, was obtained for the sample with more i-phase. After electrochemical hydrogen loading, a slightly higher maximum discharge capacity was observed in a less-quality quasicrystal sample at the first loading, that decreased drastically after the second cycle, but gradually increased with increasing cycling up to 20 cycles. The maximum hydrogen discharge capacity obtained in sample with more i-phase, reached about 10 mAh/g, while the less-amount one 4 mAh/g, suggesting the i-phase has higher hydrogen capacity than the crystal and the amorphous phases.
CFD modelling and analysis of a radial ORC turbine with backswept rotor blades
Authors: Szemraj Dawid , Jankowski Marcin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Global electricity demand has steadily risen over the past five decades due to increased industrialization and improved accessibility worldwide. Addressing this escalating demand requires expanding electricity production, achievable through adopting renewable energy sources or enhancing production efficiency. Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) power systems offer a promising solution for efficient electricity generation by utilizing organic fluids with lower critical parameters. Unlike conventional steam power plants, ORC systems operate at lower temperatures, making them adaptable to various applications. The efficiency of ORC power systems heavily relies on the design and performance of their turbines. This study focuses on modelling and analyzing the ORC turbine using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques, specifically employing a radial-inflow design with backswept rotor blades. Geometric parameters were derived from a simplified zero-dimensional (0-D) turbine model developed in MATLAB. CFD modelling was conducted using ANSYS software, integrating the BladeGen module for turbine geometry generation and the TurboGrid toolbox for mesh creation. Comparative analysis with the 0-D design method validated the accuracy of the CFD turbine modelling and the achievement of desired operational parameters. This research underscores the potential of CFD techniques in optimizing ORC turbine design thus allowing to achieve efficient electricity generation, contributing to the advancement of sustainable energy technologies.
Polygeneration System for Hydrogen-Containing Synthetic Fuel Production: A Techno-Economic and Environmental Assessment
Authors: Sochański P , Gładysz P , Hasegawa H 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The growing demand for sustainable and energy-ef6icient solutions has led to the development of polygeneration systems, which can generate various energy forms from a single source. This study focuses on assessing a polygeneration system based on the integrated gasi6ication combined cycle (IGCC), aimed to simultaneously produce electricity, hot water for district heating system, and syngas with 30% hydrogen content. Utilizing Ebsilon Professional, a comprehensive model for the IGCC system is developed and the system is assessed in terms of its techno-economic and environmental performance. The technical evaluation focuses on determining the system’s energy ef6iciency, while economic feasibility is determined through a thorough analysis of factors such as internal rate of return, and simple payback time. Environmental assessment provides insights on how the system contributes to reducing CO2 emissions compared to separate production methods. The analyses provide valuable insights into this polygeneration plant’s performance, empowering stakeholders, including plant operators, energy managers, and policymakers, to make informed decisions on resource allocation and operational strategies. Serving as a signi6icant reference, this study contributes to future advancements in sustainable energy systems, fostering the ongoing transition toward environmentally conscious energy practices.
Application of the electrospinning technique in the preparation of selected electrode materials for solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Prajsner M , Winiarz P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The electrospinning technique was applied to prepare cathode materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The research aimed to determine the influence of the Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) content in the solution of a Sm0.5Ba0.25Sr0.25Co0.5Cu0.5O3-d perovskite oxide on the properties of the spun material, and consequently, on the performance of the fuel cell. The chosen material, commonly used as a cathode material for SOFCs, has been altered by the replacement of toxic barium and cobalt with less harmful strontium in the A-site and copper in the B-site. A single-phase perovskite structure was obtained after annealing at 900°C for two hours. The research included a process of preparing the precursor solution and obtaining samples by the electrospinning technique, followed by a series of studies to determine the morphology and phase composition, electrode and cell fabrication, and characterization of their electrochemical properties. The results indicated that material derived from a precursor with the addition of 15 wt.% PVP had the lowest polarization resistance values (e.g. 0,865 Ω cm−2 at 800 °C) between 600°C - 900°C temperature range. This material was then screen-printed on a commercial anode-supported fuel cell as a cathode layer, which allowed to achieve a promising power density value close to 300 mW cm−2 at 800 °C.