bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adhesive Behavior of Magnetizable Particles in Magnetic Fields – Simulation and Verification
Authors: Knoll Johannes , Nirschl Hermann , Haarmann Alexander , Schmidt Eberhard 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe adhesion behavior of small particles has been studied. A new C++‐based simulation for calculation of van der Waals forces was developed. Particle sizes ranged from few nanometers to several micrometers. Different flattening factors of the particles were considered. Various types and numbers of roughnesses are possible to simulate the surface structure of a particle. Since the simulation is built modularly, it can be easily extended or adjusted. Validation measurements were carried out with the centrifuge method. Magnetic particle systems were used for the experiments, so particle flattening could be induced by an additional magnetic force. A good agreement of the experimental results and simulations could be achieved.
Improving the survivability of RESTful Web applications via declarative fault tolerance
Authors: Edstrom John , Tilevich Eli 
Published: January 2014

SummaryThe popular Representational State Transfer (REST) architectural style for constructing web applications offers simplicity and scalability advantages. However, to improve the survivability of a RESTful application, programmers commonly find themselves writing vast amounts of nontrivial, ad hoc fault tolerance code. Network volatility, HTTP server errors, service outages—all require custom fault handling code, whose effective implementation requires considerable programming expertise and effort. These implementation impediments hinder the survivability of RESTful applications—without proper fault tolerance functionality, these applications are likely to crash when experiencing faults. To provide a systematic and principled approach to handling faults in RESTful applications, this article presents FT‐REST—an architectural framework for specifying fault tolerance functionality declaratively and then translating these specifications into platform‐specific code. FT‐REST encapsulates fault tolerance strategies in XML‐based specifications and compiles them to modules that reify the requisite fault tolerance. To validate our approach, we have applied FT‐REST to enhance several realistic RESTful applications to withstand the faults described in their FT‐REST specifications. As REST is said to apply verbs (HTTP commands) to nouns (URIs), FT‐REST enhances this conceptual model with adverbs that render REST reliable via reusable and extensible fault tolerance. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ant‐inspired level‐based congestion control for wireless mesh networks
Authors: Reddy Ch. Pradeep , Venkata Krishna P. 
Published: January 2014

SummaryThe ever increasing presence of services over wireless networks utilizing large bandwidth necessitates the constant quest for developing efficient and dependable services, capable of providing support to a wide and variety of applications. Wireless mesh networks can provide such reliable and scalable solutions addressing the requirements of the services utilizing large bandwidth. The current focus is on the interesting and challenging issue of channel access for different services with assured bandwidth guarantees. The problem of bandwidth, constantly encountered by the wireless mesh networks, is studied in this paper with due thrust on the issues pertaining to congestion control mechanisms. A novel ant colony‐based approach called ant‐inspired level‐based congestion control (AILCC) is developed in order to effectively manage the issues of bandwidth. The versatility of the AILCC includes its capacity for service differentiation in addressing a range of requests, such as applications of real‐time and nonreal‐time. The primary focus of AILCC is on providing an efficient congestion control mechanism that can meet numerous bandwidth demands of various applications. The performance of AILCC in terms of the ratio of packet delivery and end‐to‐end delay is evaluated through relevant simulations. The results obtained demonstrate greater levels of performance of AILCC over the other methods in existence. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study on causes of the fires in rubble piles produced after the Great East Japan Earthquake, 2011
Authors: Murasawa Naoharu , Koseki Hiroshi , Iwata Yusaku , Sakamoto Takabumi 
Published: January 2014

SUMMARYThis paper seeks to determine the trigger of faint heat generation, which was one of the causes of fires in the piles of rubble produced after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. The rubble piles consist of various combustible materials, such as wood, paper and plastics, as well as non‐combustible materials from destroyed buildings. Multiple rubble outdoor storage areas were temporarily set up in the disaster areas to dispose of rubble after it was piled up and separated. However, fires have been occurring in these storage areas since the summer of 2011. One cause of such fires is thought to be the heat generated by fermentation of microorganisms that easily proliferates within the piled up rubble, ultimately resulting in spontaneous ignition. In this study, we collected samples from rubble outdoor storage areas where fires have occurred. We then conducted thermal analyses to obtain basic data, and finally, we developed safety measures to prevent the recurrence of fire. The results revealed that the heat generated during fermentation of rotten tatami and wood chips most likely acts as a trigger causing the fires, given the adiabatic conditions are good. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Night and Day in the VA: Associations Between Night Shift Staffing, Nurse Workforce Characteristics, and Length of Stay
Authors: de Cordova Pamela B. , Phibbs Ciaran S. , Schmitt Susan K. , Stone Patricia W. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractIn hospitals, nurses provide patient care around the clock, but the impact of night staff characteristics on patient outcomes is not well understood. The aim of this study was to examine the association between night nurse staffing and workforce characteristics and the length of stay (LOS) in 138 veterans affairs (VA) hospitals using panel data from 2002 through 2006. Staffing in hours per patient day was higher during the day than at night. The day nurse workforce had more educational preparation than the night workforce. Nurses' years of experience at the unit, facility, and VA level were greater at night. In multivariable analyses controlling for confounding variables, higher night staffing and a higher skill mix were associated with reduced LOS. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
On semiclassical four‐point correlators in AdS5 × S5
Authors: Arnaudov D. , Rashkov R.C. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractFollowing the recent advances in the holographic calculation of n‐point correlation functions with two “heavy” (with large quantum numbers) states at strong coupling, we extend these findings by computing specific contributions to four‐point correlators of four heavy BMN operators in &#55349;&#56489; = 4 supersymmetric Yang–Mills theory.
All‐atom and coarse‐grained simulations of the forced unfolding pathways of the SNARE complex
Authors: Zheng Wenjun 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTThe SNARE complex, consisting of three proteins (VAMP2, syntaxin, and SNAP‐25), is thought to drive membrane fusion by assembling into a four‐helix bundle through a zippering process. In support of the above zippering model, a recent single‐molecule optical tweezers experiment by Gao et al. revealed a sequential unzipping of SNARE along VAMP2 in the order of the linker domain → the C‐terminal domain → the N‐terminal domain. To offer detailed structural insights to this unzipping process, we have performed all‐atom and coarse‐grained steered molecular dynamics (sMD) simulations of the forced unfolding pathways of SNARE using different models and force fields. Our findings are summarized as follows: First, the sMD simulations based on either an all‐atom force field (with an implicit solvent model) or a coarse‐grained Go model were unable to capture the forced unfolding pathway of SNARE as observed by Gao et al., which may be attributed to insufficient simulation time and inaccurate force fields. Second, the sMD simulations based on a reparameterized coarse‐grained model (i.e., modified elastic network model) were able to predict a sequential unzipping of SNARE in good agreement with the findings by Gao et al. The key to this success is to reparameterize the intrahelix and interhelix nonbonded force constants against the pair‐wise residue–residue distance fluctuations collected from all‐atom MD simulations of SNARE. Therefore, our finding supports the importance of accurately describing the inherent dynamics/flexibility of SNARE (in the absence of force), in order to correctly simulate its unfolding behaviors under force. This study has established a useful computational framework for future studies of the zippering function of SNARE and its perturbations by point mutations with amino‐acid level of details, and more generally the forced unfolding pathways of other helix bundle proteins. Proteins 2014; 82:1376–1386. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Ditopic Catechol Phosphane as Building Block for Selective Construction of Heterometallic Complexes with Early and Late Transition Metal Centers
Authors: Bauer Gernot , Förster Daniela , Nieger Martin , Gudat Dietrich 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBase‐assisted reaction of catechol phosphane 2 (H2L) with [M′Cl2(cod)] (cod = 1, 5‐cyclooctadiene, M′ = Pd, Pt) yielded chelate complexes [M′(HL)2] (7a, b). Spectroscopic and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies revealed that both complexes feature cis‐configuration of the P‐ and O‐donor atoms in solution and in the solid state. Reaction of 7a, b with acetylacetonato or alkoxide complexes [MO2(acac)2] (M = Mo, W), [VO(acac)2], [{Ti(μ‐O)(acac)2}2], or Ti(OiPr)4 gave good to excellent yields of early‐late heterometallic complexes [MOn(μ‐L)2M′] (MOn = MoO2, WO2, VO; 8a, b–10a, b) or [Ti(RO‐1κO)2(μ‐L‐1κ2O, O'‐2κ2P, O)2Pd] (R = Me, iPr; 11a, b), which were inaccessible via other synthetic routes. Spectroscopic and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies revealed that the early metal centres in 8a, b, 9b and in 11b feature distorted octahedral coordination spheres with rigid transoid alignment of the catechol ring planes. Vanadium complexes 10a, b exhibit a square‐pyramidal coordination sphere with cisoid alignment of the catechol ring planes and evidence for intermolecular pairing via weak VO···Pd contacts in the solid state; complexes 8, 9 do not undergo conformational inversion on the NMR time‐scale. The molecular structure of Ti complex 11a is characterized by a different orientation of the catechol moieties, which can be envisaged to picture an intermediate state during a configuration inversion process, and a strong hydrogen bridge between a terminally coordinated catecholato‐oxygen atom and a solvent molecule (MeOH). Solution NMR studies indicate that the (MeO)2Ti(μ‐L)2M' framework is in this case conformationally labile and that the MeO ligands undergo intermolecular dynamic exchange with the solvent.
Heteroacanthella ellipsospora sp. nov., the first lichenicolous basidiomycete with acanthoid basidia
Authors: ZAMORA Juan Carlos , PÉREZ-ORTEGA Sergio , RICO Víctor J. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractHeteroacanthella ellipsospora is described as new to science. It is the only known lichenicolous Heteroacanthella, always found parasitizing apothecia and the surrounding thallus of the crustose epiphytic lichen Lecanora carpinea. The new parasite has so far only been found in two Spanish provinces, Jaén and Madrid. The shape and size of its basidiospores, the basidia with acanthoid ornamentation, acanthohyphidia, as well as its parasitic lichenicolous habitat, with a replacement of host tissues by the parasite hymenium, are useful diagnostic characters.
The essential echocardiographic features of tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Silverman Norman H. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis presentation will demonstrate the essential features of tetralogy of Fallot in the infant and child before surgery, as well as some noteworthy features in the foetus. The four features, namely, subpulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic override, and right ventricular hypertrophy, can all be easily demonstrated by echocardiography. In addition, morphology of the pulmonary valve and the main and branch pulmonary arteries can be seen. The position of the coronary arteries and the major variants of proximal coronary anatomy can be defined. The arch anatomy and the presence of associated major aortopulmonary collateral arteries can be defined. All these features can be demonstrated in the foetus as well, after the first trimester, and the presence of major aortopulmonary collateral arteries can be seen more clearly because the lungs, being fluid filled, aid in ultrasound and do not provide the barrier that the air-filled lung presents after birth.
The Seventh World Congress of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey, June 19–24, 2017: “Bridge together”
Authors: Çiçek Sertaç 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe Seventh World Congress of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery will held in Istanbul, the only city in the world that is located on two continents, June 19–24, 2017. This World Congress promises academic excellence in a culturally stimulating environment. All those interested in the care of patients with pediatric and congenital cardiac disease should attend this meeting, which represents “The Olympics of our Profession”.
Regional heritability advanced complex trait analysis for GPU and traditional parallel architectures
Authors: Cebamanos L. , Gray A. , Stewart I. , Tenesa A. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Motivation: Quantification of the contribution of genetic variation to phenotypic variation for complex traits becomes increasingly computationally demanding with increasing numbers of single-nucleotide polymorphisms and individuals. To meet the challenges in making feasible large-scale studies, we present the REgional heritability advanced complex trait analysis software. Adapted from advanced complex trait analysis (and, in turn, genome-wide complex trait analysis), it is tailored to exploit the parallelism present in modern traditional and graphics processing unit (GPU)-accelerated machines, from workstations to supercomputers.
Results: We adapt the genetic relationship matrix estimation algorithm to remove limitations on memory, allowing the analysis of large datasets. We build on this to develop a version of the code able to efficiently exploit GPU-accelerated systems for both the genetic relationship matrix and REstricted maximum likelihood (REML) parts of the analysis, offering substantial speedup over the traditional central processing unit version. We develop the ability to analyze multiple small regions of the genome across multiple compute nodes in parallel, following the ‘regional heritability’ approach. We demonstrate the new software using 1024 GPUs in parallel on one of the world’s fastest supercomputers.
Availability: The code is freely available at http://www.epcc.ed.ac.uk/software-products
Contact: a.gray@ed.ac.uk
Unintentional Wildlife Poisoning and Proposals for Sustainable Management of Rodents
Authors: COEURDASSIER MICHAEL , RIOLS ROMAIN , DECORS ANOUK , MIONNET AYMERIC , DAVID FABIENNE , QUINTAINE THOMAS , TRUCHETET DENIS , SCHEIFLER RENAUD , GIRAUDOUX PATRICK 
Published: January 2014

AbstractIn Europe, bromadiolone, an anticoagulant rodenticide authorized for plant protection, may be applied intensively in fields to control rodents. The high level of poisoning of wildlife that follows such treatments over large areas has been frequently reported. In France, bromadiolone has been used to control water voles (Arvicola terrestris) since the 1980s. Both regulation and practices of rodent control have evolved during the last 15 years to restrict the quantity of poisoned bait used by farmers. This has led to a drastic reduction of the number of cases of poisoned wildlife reported by the French surveillance network SAGIR. During the autumn and winter 2011, favorable weather conditions and high vole densities led to the staging of several hundreds of Red Kites (Milvus milvus) in the Puy‐de‐Dôme department (central France). At the same time, intensive treatments with bromadiolone were performed in this area. Although no misuse has been mentioned by the authorities following controls, 28 Red Kites and 16 Common Buzzards (Buteo buteo) were found dead during surveys in November and December 2011. For all these birds, poisoning by bromadiolone as the main cause of death was either confirmed or highly suspected. Other observations suggest a possible impact of bromadiolone on the breeding population of Red Kites in this area during the spring 2011. French regulation of vole control for plant protection is currently under revision, and we believe this event calls for more sustainable management of rodent outbreaks. Based on large‐scale experiments undertaken in eastern France, we propose that direct control of voles at low density (with trapping or limited chemical treatments) and mechanical destruction of vole tunnels, mole control, landscape management, and predator fostering be included in future regulation because such practices could help resolve conservation and agricultural issues.Envenenamiento No Intencional de Fauna Silvestre y Propuestas para un Manejo Sustentable de Roedores.
Shaming and Sanitation in Indonesia: A Return to Colonial Public Health Practices?
Authors: Engel Susan , Susilo Anggun 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTAdequate sanitation is vital to human health, yet progress on the Millennium Development Goal for sanitation has been slow and the target is likely to be missed by one billion people. Indonesia has the third highest number of people of any country in the world without access to sanitation and, like most developing countries, it is devoting insufficient resources to the issue. In rural areas, rather than providing additional funding, the government — with support of the World Bank — has promoted the Community‐Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) approach, which uses social mobilization to encourage people to construct their own latrines. In Indonesia as elsewhere, CLTS involves more than just education and encouragement; it uses social shaming and punishments. The authors argue that this is not only an inadequate approach but one which echoes coercive, race‐based colonial public health practices. This article thus integrates extant historiography on Indonesian colonial medicine with contemporary scholarly literature and field research on CLTS using case studies of a 1920s hookworm‐eradication programme funded by the Rockefeller Foundation, and the current World Bank Water and Sanitation Programme, both in Java.
Effect of genotype on pulmonary hypertension risk in patients with thalassemia
Authors: Teawtrakul Nattiya , Ungprasert Phuangpaka , Pussadhamma Burabha , Prayalaw Patcharawadee , Fucharoen Supan , Jetsrisuparb Arunee , Pongudom Saranya , Sirijerachai Chittima , Chansung Kanchana , Wanitpongpun Chinadol , Chuncharunee Suporn 
Published: January 2014

AbstractIntroductionPulmonary hypertension is one of the major complications in patients with non‐transfusion‐dependent thalassemia (NTDT). Patients with NTDT have distinct genetic subgroups. Therefore, the effects of different genotype groups on pulmonary hypertension risk in patients with NTDT were assessed.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted in patients with NTDT aged ≥ 10 yr old at Srinagarind University Hospital and Udonthani Hospital, Thailand. Pulmonary hypertension risk was defined as peak tricuspid regurgitation velocity > 2.9 m/s by trans‐thoracic echocardiography. Clinical characteristics and laboratory data that literature has indicated as risk factors for pulmonary hypertension were collected. The effect of genotype group on pulmonary hypertension risk was evaluated by using multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsOf 219 patients, pulmonary hypertension risk was found in 24 patients (10.96%). All patients were categorized into two groups according to genetic data that included: (i) β‐thalassemia (139, 63.5%), (ii) α‐thalassemia and combined α and β‐thalassemia (80, 36.5%). Genotype groups were statistically and significantly associated with pulmonary hypertension risk based on the adjusted odds ratios after adjustment for other factors. Patients with β‐thalassemia had a statistically significant higher risk for pulmonary hypertension risk (odds ratio = 9.47, P = 0.036) compared to patients with α‐thalassemia and patients with combined α and β‐thalassemia.ConclusionThe genotype group is an independent risk factor for pulmonary hypertension in patients with NTDT. Echocardiography should be routinely recommended for all patients with β‐thalassemia. Routine screening in patients with α‐thalassemia and combined α and β‐thalassemia, however, may not be necessary or should focus on the older population.
A visual or tactile signal makes auditory speech detection more efficient by reducing uncertainty
Authors: Tjan Bosco S. , Chao Ewen , Bernstein Lynne E. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractAcoustic speech is easier to detect in noise when the talker can be seen. This finding could be explained by integration of multisensory inputs or refinement of auditory processing from visual guidance. In two experiments, we studied two‐interval forced‐choice detection of an auditory ‘ba’ in acoustic noise, paired with various visual and tactile stimuli that were identically presented in the two observation intervals. Detection thresholds were reduced under the multisensory conditions vs. the auditory‐only condition, even though the visual and/or tactile stimuli alone could not inform the correct response. Results were analysed relative to an ideal observer for which intrinsic (internal) noise and efficiency were independent contributors to detection sensitivity. Across experiments, intrinsic noise was unaffected by the multisensory stimuli, arguing against the merging (integrating) of multisensory inputs into a unitary speech signal, but sampling efficiency was increased to varying degrees, supporting refinement of knowledge about the auditory stimulus. The steepness of the psychometric functions decreased with increasing sampling efficiency, suggesting that the ‘task‐irrelevant’ visual and tactile stimuli reduced uncertainty about the acoustic signal. Visible speech was not superior for enhancing auditory speech detection. Our results reject multisensory neuronal integration and speech‐specific neural processing as explanations for the enhanced auditory speech detection under noisy conditions. Instead, they support a more rudimentary form of multisensory interaction: the otherwise task‐irrelevant sensory systems inform the auditory system about when to listen.