bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Oxford Shoulder Scores with computerized adaptive testing reduces redundancy while maintaining precision
Authors: Barakat Ahmed , Evans Jonathan , Gibbons Christopher , Singh Harvinder P. 
Published: August 2024

AimsThe Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) is a 12-item measure commonly used for the assessment of shoulder surgeries. This study explores whether computerized adaptive testing (CAT) provides a shortened, individually tailored questionnaire while maintaining test accuracy.MethodsA total of 16,238 preoperative OSS were available in the National Joint Registry (NJR) for England, Wales, Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man, and the States of Guernsey dataset (April 2012 to April 2022). Prior to CAT, the foundational item response theory (IRT) assumptions of unidimensionality, monotonicity, and local independence were established. CAT compared sequential item selection with stopping criteria set at standard error (SE) < 0.32 and SE < 0.45 (equivalent to reliability coefficients of 0.90 and 0.80) to full-length patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) precision.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for unidimensionality exhibited satisfactory fit with root mean square standardized residual (RSMSR) of 0.06 (cut-off ≤ 0.08) but not with comparative fit index (CFI) of 0.85 or Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) of 0.82 (cut-off > 0.90). Monotonicity, measured by H value, yielded 0.482, signifying good monotonic trends. Local independence was generally met, with Yen’s Q3 statistic > 0.2 for most items. The median item count for completing the CAT simulation with a SE of 0.32 was 3 (IQR 3 to 12), while for a SE of 0.45 it was 2 (IQR 2 to 6). This constituted only 25% and 16%, respectively, when compared to the 12-item full-length questionnaire.ConclusionCalibrating IRT for the OSS has resulted in the development of an efficient and shortened CAT while maintaining accuracy and reliability. Through the reduction of redundant items and implementation of a standardized measurement scale, our study highlights a promising approach to alleviate time burden and potentially enhance compliance with these widely used outcome measures.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(8):392–400.
Dual-window polarization filtering characteristics of rectangular photonic crystal fibers
Authors: Gao Zhijun , Ge Huan , Si Guangyuan , Ying Yu 
Published: August 2024

This paper presents a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) polarization filter with a square array arrangement of gold film fillings, allowing for filtering at dual wavelengths. The paper analyzes the dispersion characteristics and loss properties of this structure and optimizes the structural parameters through adjustments to achieve the best performance. At 1310 nm, the confinement losses of x and y polarization fundamental modes are 903.54 dB/cm and 30.51 dB/cm, respectively; at 1640 nm, the confinement losses of y and x polarization fundamental modes are 479.02 dB/cm and 88.72 dB/cm, respectively. The corresponding filtering bandwidths are 390 and 350 nm, while the full width half maximum (FWHM) is 59.56 nm, indicating excellent selectivity and resolution of the filter. The performance metrics, such as confinement loss, extinction ratios, and bandwidth, are compared in the paper with those reported for other filters. Additionally, the study also analyzed the filter’s performance under varying manufacturing tolerances of gold film thickness and air hole diameter by 5%, revealing that the filter’s performance remains stable and feasible even in the presence of errors.
Human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis—A systematic review and analysis of the literature
Authors: Schudel Sophie , Gygax Larissa , Kositz Christian , Kuenzli Esther , Neumayr Andreas 
Published: August 2024

Human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis (HGA) is a zoonotic tick-borne bacterial infection caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum. While most cases are reported from North America, HGA has been recognized as an emerging disease in several regions of the world in recent decades. Most available data comes from case reports, case series and retrospective studies, while prospective studies and clinical trials are largely lacking. To obtain a clearer picture of the currently known epidemiologic distribution, clinical and paraclinical presentation, diagnostic aspects, complications, therapeutic aspects, and outcomes of HGA, we systematically reviewed the literature and analyzed and summarized the data.
Cases of HGA are reported from all continents except from Antarctica. HGA primarily presents as an unspecific febrile illness (88.5% of the cases) often accompanied by thrombocytopenia (71.8% of the cases), abnormal liver injury tests (66.7% of the cases), and leukopenia (49.8% of the cases). Although we found complications reported in a total of 40.5% of the reviewed cases and severe and even life-threatening complications are not infrequent (e.g. acute renal failure 9.8%, multi organ failure 7.5%, ARDS 6.3%, a.o.), sequelae are rare (2.1% of the cases) and lethality is low (3.0% of the cases). Treatment with doxycycline shows a rapid response, with the fever subsiding in the majority of patients within one day of starting treatment. Unlike in human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis (HME), reports of opportunistic infections complicating HGA are rare. HGA during pregnancy does not appear to be associated with unfavorable outcomes. In addition, our analysis provides some evidence that HGA may differ in clinical aspects and laboratory characteristics in different regions of the world. Overall, the data analyzed indicates a non-negligible bias in reporting/publication, so a certain degree of caution is required when generalizing the data.
Valvular Endocarditis and Biventricular Heart Failure in the Setting of Tropheryma whipplei Disease
Authors: Ergi Defne Gunes , Fadel Hind J. , Michelena Hector I. , Lin Grace , Greason Kevin L. , Arghami Arman 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Whipple disease is a rare systemic illness associated with weight loss, diarrhea, and arthralgia. Asymptomatic carriage is common, but the disease can be complicated by cardiac involvement and may result in culture-negative endocarditis. Cardiac manifestations of the disease can lead to death. This report presents the case of a 66-year-old man with Whipple disease and biventricular heart failure with cardiogenic shock. Medical therapy followed by successful replacement of the aortic and mitral valves resulted in substantial improvement.
ANALISIS PENGUKURAN KAPASITOR BANK DENGAN TUNED REACTOR PADA GEDUNG ATRIA RESIDENCES GADING SERPONG
Authors: Nadeak David Ryanto , Lisapaly Leonard , Sinambela Rismen , Manik Martua 
Published: August 2024

Penggunaan beban nonlinier terus meningkat dalam jaringan sistem kelistrikan pada suatu gedung yang telah menarik perhatian untuk memahami sifat harmonik dan teknik mitigasinya. Kapasitor dengan tuned reactor digunakan untuk membantu menjaga faktor daya yang dipasang di lingkungan yang kaya akan harmonik. Oleh karena itu, untuk mengurangi dampak buruk harmonisa dan memastikan bahwa mesin beroperasi dan dipelihara dengan benar, perlu dilakukan penelitian. Alat ukur Hioki 3198 digunakan untuk mengukur arus, tegangan, faktor daya, harmonisa (THD), dan ukuran lain seperti kandungan harmonisa arus dan tegangan. Selanjutnya, data yang diperoleh dianalisa menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai mendekati batas standar pada fasa T dan melewati standar pada fasa S dimana dari perhitungan standar didapat range yang diperbolehkan adalah sebesar 15% sedangkan hasil yang didapat dari pengukuran sudah mendekati standar. Untuk faktor daya, batas standar yang diperbolehkan yaitu ≥ 85% sedangkan yang terukur yaitu kisaran -0,6% hingga -0,9%.
The Tomb of the Rings and the Tomb of the Linen. New Data for a Late Etruscan Community in the Middle Valley of the Ombrone River (Civitella Paganico – Italy)
Authors: Sebastiani Alessandro , De Pari Marta , Vanni Edoardo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The paper describes the discovery of two late Etruscan burials at Podere Cannicci (Civitella Paganico, GR) and their significance within the broader territory of this part of Etruria.
Quasi-triangular, factorizable Leibniz bialgebras and relative Rota–Baxter operators
Authors: Bai Chengming , Liu Guilai , Sheng Yunhe , Tang Rong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We introduce the notion of quasi-triangular Leibniz bialgebras, which can be constructed from solutions of the classical Leibniz Yang–Baxter equation (CLYBE) whose skew-symmetric parts are invariant.
In addition to triangular Leibniz bialgebras, quasi-triangular Leibniz bialgebras contain factorizable Leibniz bialgebras as another subclass, which lead to a factorization of the underlying Leibniz algebras.
Relative Rota–Baxter operators with weights on Leibniz algebras are used to characterize solutions of the CLYBE whose skew-symmetric parts are invariant.
On skew-symmetric quadratic Leibniz algebras, such operators correspond to Rota–Baxter type operators.
Consequently, we introduce the notion of skew-symmetric quadratic Rota–Baxter Leibniz algebras, such that they give rise to triangular Leibniz bialgebras in the case of weight 0, while they are in one-to-one correspondence with factorizable Leibniz bialgebras in the case of nonzero weights.
Neyman meets causal machine learning: Experimental evaluation of individualized treatment rules
Authors: Li Michael Lingzhi , Imai Kosuke 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A century ago, Neyman showed how to evaluate the efficacy of treatment using a randomized experiment under a minimal set of assumptions. This classical repeated sampling framework serves as a basis of routine experimental analyses conducted by today’s scientists across disciplines. In this article, we demonstrate that Neyman’s methodology can also be used to experimentally evaluate the efficacy of individualized treatment rules (ITRs), which are derived by modern causal machine learning (ML) algorithms. In particular, we show how to account for additional uncertainty resulting from a training process based on cross-fitting. The primary advantage of Neyman’s approach is that it can be applied to any ITR regardless of the properties of ML algorithms that are used to derive the ITR. We also show, somewhat surprisingly, that for certain metrics, it is more efficient to conduct this ex-post experimental evaluation of an ITR than to conduct an ex-ante experimental evaluation that randomly assigns some units to the ITR. Our analysis demonstrates that Neyman’s repeated sampling framework is as relevant for causal inference today as it has been since its inception.
On Gluck’s conjecture for wreath product type groups
Authors: Meng Hangyang , Guo Xiuyun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A well-known conjecture of Gluck claims that

|
G
:
F

(
G
)

|

≤
b

(
G
)

2

\lvert G:\mathbf{F}(G)\rvert\leq b(G)^{2}

for all finite solvable groups 𝐺, where

F
⁢

(
G
)

\mathbf{F}(G)

is the Fitting subgroup and

b
⁢

(
G
)

b(G)

is the largest degree of a complex irreducible character of 𝐺.
In this paper, we prove that Gluck’s conjecture holds for all wreath product type groups of the form

G
≀

H
1

≀

H
2

≀
⋯
≀

H
r

G\wr H_{1}\wr H_{2}\wr\cdots\wr H_{r}

, where 𝐺 is a finite solvable group acting primitively on

F
⁢

(
G
)

/
Φ

⁢

(
G
)

\mathbf{F}(G)/\Phi(G)

, and each

H
i

H_{i}

is a solvable primitive permutation group of finite degree.
Organizing Integration of Refugees: Translation and Hybridization
Authors: Diedrich Andreas , Czarniawska Barbara 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
How is integration organized in practice, and what role do hybrids play in such practices? Based on fieldwork on two integration support initiatives for recent refugees in one of Sweden’s largest cities, this paper critically engages these questions, focusing in particular on integration as a multi-directional, ambiguous process that is shaped by the intervention of a great many agents. In line with previous research, we conclude that practices of integration require collaboration between many humans and non-humans, while at the same time we question many of the assumptions about who should collaborate with whom and who should receive support if the integration is to succeed. We also discovered that “integration” is a kind of boundary word, which is translated differently by different actors, but nevertheless facilitates various forms of collaboration and coordination. Some see it as a step toward assimilation, others as a step toward hybridization. If, as is claimed by many scholars, hybridization is an unavoidable result of modernization, it will most likely prevail.
Hybrid solar drying of sludge from kraft pulp mills
Authors: Gonçalves Lindomar Matias , Mendoza-Martinez Clara , Nuncira Jesús , Rocha Elém Patrícia Alves , de Paula Eduardo Coutinho , Cardoso Marcelo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Sludge generated from kraft pulp mill wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is typically non-inert solid waste and is commonly disposed of in landfills. In this study, a novel approach for repurposing WWTP sludge from a kraft pulp mill in Brazil for energy generation was assessed. With the global cellulose market projected to reach $ 61 billion by 2033, there is a growing need for sustainable energy solutions and disposal of associated industrial byproducts. This study investigated the performance of a hybrid active solar dryer for reducing the moisture content of sludge to enhance the feasibility of sludge burning in a biomass boiler. Through rigorous experimentation and design of experiments (DOE) planning, optimal parameters for the hybrid dryer were determined, specifically, a volumetric airflow rate of 1.1 m/s and an entrance temperature of approximately 51 °C. This innovative approach not only addresses the environmental concerns associated with sludge disposal, but also contributes to the broader goal of advancing sustainable technologies in the midst of global energy challenges.
Carbon-based nanomaterials: synthesis, types and fuel applications: a mini-review
Authors: Sajid Muhammad , Iram Ghazala , Nawaz Aqsa , Qayyum Wajeeha , Farhan Ahmad , Qamar Muhammad Azam , Nawaz Haq , Shahid Asma 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Carbon is one of the most abundant minerals in the universe. The world’s energy needs are being unmet due to the exponential rise in population. Since its inception 20 years ago, carbon and its allotropes, including fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, have been marketed as potential energy storage and generation materials. By solving important issues like accumulation and inadequate thermodynamic compatibility, carbon fiber, expanded graphite, and carbon nanotubes are promising functional materials that can be used to improve the performance of bipolar plates further. There are several potential uses for carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNMs) in the energy area. This mini-review provides an overview of the synthetic routes employed for producing CBNMs, categorizing them based on their types, elucidating their diverse applications in fuel energy systems, and emphasising the uses of CBNMs in energy. The advantages and disadvantages of several synthetic processes have been examined and compared. The types of CBNMs, like carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon dots, and fullerenes, are explored in terms of their unique structural properties and fabrication methods. Furthermore, the utilization of CBNMs in fuel energy systems, such as fuel cells, energy storage devices, and catalysis, is comprehensively reviewed.
Laser Speckle Photometry for Inline Defect Detection in Solder Connections of Power Electronics
Authors: Surner Lennard , Chen Lili , Bendjus Beatrice , Gerlach Gerald , Schuh Jannis 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung
Bei der Herstellung von Leistungselektronik ist die Qualität und Zuverlässigkeit ein wichtiger Faktor. Vor allem die Verbindungsschicht zwischen dem Chip und dem keramischen Substrat weist häufig Defekte auf, die die Wärmeableitung in diesen Bereichen verringern können. Dies kann zu einer Überhitzung führen und die Lebensdauer des Bauteils verringern. Im schlimmsten Fall können solche Fehler große Auswirkungen auf sicherheitsrelevante Systeme haben. Daher ist eine Qualitätskontrolle innerhalb der Produktionslinie bzw. vor der Verpackung der Bauteile sehr wichtig. Die Laser-Speckle- Photometrie (LSP) bietet eine vielversprechende Lösung für dieses Problem. Speckle-Muster werden durch interferierende Lichtwellen erzeugt, die von der beleuchteten Oberfläche reflektiert werden. Das Verhalten dieser Muster ist eng mit dem Oberflächenzustand der untersuchten Proben verbunden. In diesem Beitrag wird ein auf der LSP basierendes Qualitätskontrollkonzept für den Produktionsprozess von Leistungselektronik-Chips für die Automobilindustrie vorgestellt. Ziel ist es, die Hohlräume in der Lötverbindung zu finden und zu bewerten und darüber hinaus die Porosität in gesinterten Verbindungen zu bestimmen. Insbesondere die Größe und Lage dieser Hohlräume sind von großem Interesse. Erste Untersuchungen haben vielversprechende Ergebnisse gezeigt und Defekte mit einer Größe von weniger als 15 % (v/v) der eigentlichen Verbindungsschicht gefunden. Dies beweist, dass die LSP ein vielversprechender Ansatz zur Überprüfung der Verbindungsqualität von Chips bei der Herstellung von Leistungselektronik ist.
Task-specific scan trajectory modification for dimensional X-ray computed Tomography with high throughput
Authors: Butzhammer Lorenz , Hausotte Tino 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung
Eine Erweiterung der Scantrajektorie für die industrielle Röntgen-Computertomographie von einer kreisförmigen Form (entsprechend einer 360°-Rotation des Messobjekts) hin zu frei wählbaren Aufnahmeposen hat das Potenzial, durch eine geeignete Trajektorienanpassung Messabweichungen zu reduzieren. In diesem Beitrag wird eine solche Trajektorienanpassung durch einen Hexapoden als Messobjektmanipulator und eine güteparameterbasierte Methodik zur Wahl einzelner Trajektorienpunkte erreicht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich vor allem für eine geringe Projektionszahl signifikante Vorteile ergeben, was vor allem im Hinblick auf Inline-CT mit hohem Durchsatz von Relevanz ist.
Die Bestimmung viskoelastischer Materialparameter von Polymeren mittels eines Puls-Echo-Messverfahrens
Authors: Dreiling Dmitrij , Itner Dominik , Gravenkamp Hauke , Birk Carolin , Henning Bernd 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung
Im Folgenden wird ein wellenleiterbasierter Ansatz zur Bestimmung von viskoelastischen Materialparametern für eine numerische Simulation der Schallausbreitung in transversal isotropen Polymeren vorgestellt. Ein hierfür entwickeltes Puls-Echo-Messverfahren liefert Messsignale, welche anschließend zur Schätzung der Materialparameter von absorbierenden, zylindrischen Polymerproben genutzt werden. Darüber hinaus kommen in dem Messaufbau Schallwandler zum Einsatz, die eine segmentierte ringförmige Anregung der Probe verursachen und die Sensitivität gegenüber Scherbewegungen erhöhen. Mithilfe einer ersten strahlentheoretischen Startwertschätzung werden eine multimodale, semianalytische Simulation der Schallausbreitung im Wellenleiter realisiert und schließlich die Materialparameter im inversen Ansatz geschätzt.
Grid-based spatially-resolved strain measurement in highly stretchable conductive elastomers
Authors: Mersch Johannes , Da Silva Marco 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung
Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit einem gitterbasierten Ansatz zur ortsaufgelösten Dehnungsmessung mit einem Faser-Elastomer-Verbundwerkstoff. Bei der gitterbasierten Methode wird ein Netzwerk aus leitfähigen Textilelektroden verwendet, die in eine weiche Elastomermatrix eingebettet sind, um die Dehnung durch Änderungen des elektrischen Widerstands zu erfassen. Im Gegensatz zur elektrischen Impedanztomographie, deren Einsatz bei großen Verformungen und damit beweglichen Elektroden eine Herausforderung darstellt, sind gitterbasierte Verfahren resistenter gegenüber sich ändernden Randbedingungen. Allerdings ist gegenseitige Beeinflussung der Elektroden nachteilig. Daher wird ein anwendungsspezifisches elektronisches System implementiert, das auf der Zero-Potential-Circuit (ZPC)-Methode basiert. Dadurch werden diese Störeinflüsse drastisch reduziert, während gleichzeitig kurze Erfassungszeiten möglich sind. Die einfache Elektrodenkonfiguration und die direkte Widerstandsmessung des gitterbasierten Systems bieten eine unkomplizierte und dennoch effektive Möglichkeit zur Erfassung von Dehnungen oder Druck und eignen sich daher besonders für Anwendungen, die eine räumliche Auflösung und Robustheit unter verschiedenen mechanischen Bedingungen erfordern. Das umgesetzte Messsystem kann anschließend während einer Zugprüfung mit hohen Dehnungsniveaus von Faser-Elastomer-Verbundwerkstoffen mit unterschiedlichen Leitfähigkeitsgraden oder Sensorgeometrien angewandt werden.
A iluminação artificial como instrumento da expografia das cidades e dos museus
Authors: Junqueira Mariana Garcia , Yunes Gilberto Sarkis 
Published: August 2024

O presente ensaio consiste em apresentar uma aproximação possível entre cidades e museus, criando uma sobreposição entre as interpretações da cidade contemporânea e as funções museológicas atuais. Tem como objetivo fazer a leitura do espaço urbano como um arquivo passível de investigações e revelações, o que o aproximaria do museu, em princípio, pela finalidade. Além disso, são consideradas elemento fundamental desse rebatimento, as funções da iluminação artificial – urbana e de interiores – uma vez que se propõe que o modo de iluminar contemporâneo pode seguir semelhantes critérios ou diretrizes em ambos os espaços considerados nesta proposição: o espaço urbano e o espaço museológico interno, uma vez que eles contêm informações que devem ser evidenciadas e informadas através de uma expografia proposta.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms as a Function of Arousal and Executive Vigilance: Testing Halperin and Schulz’s Neurodevelopmental Model in a Sample of Community Adults
Authors: Coll-Martín Tao , Carretero-Dios Hugo , Lupiáñez Juan 
Published: August 2024

Halperin and Schulz’s neurodevelopmental model postulates that the onset of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in childhood is due to subcortical alterations, whereas the disorder’s trajectory into adulthood depends on the development of executive functions. Based on a dimensional framework of ADHD, Coll-Martín et al. (2021) found support for the model in an adult community sample assessed on arousal and executive vigilance. The present study is a preregistered (https://osf.io/tkdq7) close replication of Coll-Martín et al. expressly aimed to test the two predictions of the model. A sample of college students (N = 292 valid; 49% women; 18–30 years, M = 21.7) from a Spanish university completed self-reports of ADHD symptoms in childhood (retrospectively) and adulthood and performed the online version of an attentional task (the ANTI-Vea). Our preregistered hypotheses achieved an acceptable statistical power for the effects of interest, even after accounting for random measurement error. Despite this, none of them replicated the findings of the original study: Only the unexpected negative correlation between executive vigilance and symptoms in childhood was significant, thereby not supporting the theoretical predictions. The lack of support for the dissociation pattern hypothesized by the neurodevelopmental model was robust to multiverse and exploratory analyses. At least in terms of vigilance, ADHD symptoms seem to share altered neurocognitive pathways across the lifespan, regardless of their time of onset. This challenges the notion of late-onset ADHD as a condition neuropsychologically distinct from child-onset ADHD. Future studies need to include complementary assessment methods and clinical groups.