bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation and management of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Zhu Siyi , Qu Wenchun , He Chengqi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractKnee osteoarthritis (KOA) significantly contributes to the global disability burden, with its incidence expected to escalate by 74.9% by 2050. The urgency to comprehend and tackle this condition is critical, necessitating an updated and thorough review of KOA. A systematic review up to February 26, 2024, has elucidated the principal aspects of KOA's pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical manifestations, and contemporary management paradigms. The origins of KOA are intricately linked to mechanical, inflammatory, and metabolic disturbances that impair joint function. Notable risk factors include age, obesity, and previous knee injuries. Diagnosis predominantly relies on clinical assessment, with radiographic evaluation reserved conditionally. The significance of rehabilitation assessments, informed by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health framework, is highlighted. Treatment strategies are diverse, prioritizing nonpharmacological measures such as patient education, exercise, and weight management, with pharmacological interventions considered adjuncts. Intra‐articular injections and surgical options are contemplated for instances where conventional management is inadequate. KOA stands as a predominant disability cause globally, characterized by a complex etiology and profound effects on individuals’ quality of life. Early, proactive management focusing on nonpharmacological interventions forms the cornerstone of treatment, aiming to alleviate symptoms and enhance joint function. This comprehensive review underscores the need for early diagnosis, individualized treatment plans, and the integration of rehabilitation assessments to optimize patient outcomes. Further research is needed to refine prevention strategies and improve management outcomes for KOA patients.
Review of Pseudoloma neurophilia (Microsporidia): A common neural parasite of laboratory zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Schuster Corbin J. , Murray Katrina N. , Sanders Justin L. , Couch Claire E. , Kent Michael L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractZebrafish (Danio rerio) is now the second most used animal model in biomedical research. As with other vertebrate models, underlying diseases and infections often impact research. Beyond mortality and morbidity, these conditions can compromise research end points by producing nonprotocol induced variation within experiments. Pseudoloma neurophilia, a microsporidium that targets the central nervous system, is the most frequently diagnosed pathogen in zebrafish facilities. The parasite undergoes direct, horizontal transmission within populations, and is also maternally transmitted with spores in ovarian fluid and occasionally within eggs. This transmission explains the wide distribution among research laboratories as new lines are generally introduced as embryos. The infection is chronic, and fish apparently never recover following the initial infection. However, most fish do not exhibit outward clinical signs. Histologically, the parasite occurs as aggregates of spores throughout the midbrain and spinal cord and extends to nerve roots. It often elicits meninxitis, myositis, and myodegeneration when it infects the muscle. There are currently no described therapies for the parasite, thus the infection is best avoided by screening with PCR‐based tests and removal of infected fish from a facility. Examples of research impacts include reduced fecundity, behavioral changes, transcriptome alterations, and autofluorescent lesions.
Gas5 regulates early‐life stress‐induced anxiety and spatial memory
Authors: Banerjee Dipanjana , Sultana Sania , Banerjee Sourav 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEarly‐life stress (ES) induced by maternal separation (MS) remains a proven causality of anxiety and memory deficits at later stages of life. Emerging studies have shown that MS‐induced gene expression in the hippocampus is operated at the level of transcription. However, the extent of involvement of non‐coding RNAs in MS‐induced behavioural deficits remains unexplored. Here, we have investigated the role of synapse‐enriched long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in anxiety and memory upon MS. We observed that MS led to an enhancement of expression of the lncRNA growth arrest specific 5 (Gas5) in the hippocampus; accompanied by increased levels of anxiety and deficits in spatial memory. Gas5 knockdown in early life was able to reduce anxiety and partially rescue the spatial memory deficits of maternally separated adult mice. However, the reversal of MS‐induced anxiety and memory deficits is not attributed to Gas5 activity during neuronal development as Gas5 RNAi did not influence spine development. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that Gas5 exerts its function by regulating RNA metabolism and translation. Our study highlights the importance of MS‐regulated lncRNA in anxiety and spatial memory.image
Computational modeling of social evaluative decision‐making elucidates individual differences in adolescent anxiety
Authors: Castagna Peter J. , Edgar Elizabeth V. , Delpech Raphaëlle , Topel Selin , Kortink Elise D. , van der Molen Melle J. W. , Crowley Michael J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAdolescents experience significant developmental changes during a time of heightened sensitivity to social cues, particularly rejection by peers, which can be especially overwhelming for those with elevated levels of social anxiety. Social evaluative decision‐making tasks have been useful in uncovering the neural correlates of information processing biases; however, linking youths' task‐based performance to individual differences in psychopathology (e.g., anxiety symptoms) has proven more elusive. Here, we address this weakness with drift diffusion modeling to decompose youths' performance on the social judgment paradigm (SJP) to determine if this approach is useful in discovering individual differences in anxiety symptoms, as well as puberty, age, and sex. A sample of 103 adolescents (55 males, Mage = 14.49, SD = 1.69) completed the SJP and self‐report measures of anxiety, as well as self‐ and parent‐reported measures of puberty. The decision threshold parameter, reflecting the amount of evidence needed to make a social evaluative decision, predicted youth self‐reported anxiety, above and beyond typical metrics of SJP performance. Our results highlight the potential advantage of parsing task performance according to the underlying cognitive processes. Future research would likely benefit from applying computational modeling approaches to social judgment tasks when attempting to uncover performance‐based individual differences in psychopathology.
Selective Classes and Early Health Inequalities in Comprehensive Schools in Finland
Authors: Kesanto‐Jokipolvi Heidi , Seppänen Piia , Koivuhovi Satu , Siipola Mari , Autio Reija , Rimpelä Arja 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe origin of inequalities in health outcomes has been explained by health selection and social causation models. Health selection processes operate particularly at school age. We study, if student allocation to teaching groups with aptitude tests (selective vs general class) differentiates adolescents by health behaviors and mental health.METHODSFinnish schoolchildren 12‐13 years from 12 selective classes, n = 248; 41 general classes, n = 703 answered a questionnaire on addictive products (tobacco, snus, alcohol, and energy drinks), digital media use, and mental health (health complaints, anxiety, and depression). Structural equation modeling was conducted to identify structures between outcomes, SEP (socioeconomic position), class type, and academic performance.RESULTSStudents in the selective classes reported less addictive digital media and addictive products use than students in the general classes. Differences in academic performance or SEP between the class types did not solely explain these differences. Mental health was not related to the class type. SEP was indirectly associated with health behaviors via the class type and academic performance.CONCLUSIONSSelecting students to permanent teaching groups with aptitude tests differentiates students according to risky health behaviors. The impact of education policies using student grouping should also be evaluated in terms of students' health.
Early progression during or after cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy indicates poor outcome with rescue protocols in dogs with multicentric lymphoma
Authors: Parker Ashley S. , Burton Jenna H. , Curran Kaitlin M. , Wolf‐Ringwall Amber , Thamm Douglas H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundDogs with lymphoma that fail cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy (CHOP) before completion of their protocol are commonly thought to have poor long‐term outcome, but no previous studies have evaluated the effect of early relapse on progression‐free interval (PFI) or overall survival time (OST) for patients undergoing rescue chemotherapy.ObjectiveCorrelate rescue treatment outcomes in dogs with multicentric lymphoma with outcomes after 1st‐line CHOP chemotherapy.MethodsData were collected from 6 previous retrospective or prospective studies in 187 dogs with multicentric lymphoma that received 1st‐line CHOP chemotherapy and then received either lomustine (CCNU), L‐asparaginase and prednisone (LAP), or rabacfosadine (RAB, Tanovea), with or without prednisone or L‐asparaginase.ResultsThe PFI after initiation of CHOP chemotherapy was significantly associated with response rate postprogression, PFI, and postrescue survival time (ST) for both rescue protocols. Immunophenotype (B‐ vs T‐cell) was not significantly associated with response, PFI or OST for LAP but was significantly associated with response and PFI for RAB.ConclusionDogs that experience short PFI during or after 1st‐line CHOP chemotherapy had lower response rates to rescue treatment, with shorter PFI and ST. Immunophenotype did not significantly affect outcome with LAP but was associated with PFI for RAB.
Marital strain and emotional intimacy in midlife couples: The moderating role of empathy
Authors: Carasso Ella , Segel‐Karpas Dikla 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEmotional intimacy is considered a fundamental factor contributing to the quality of marital relationships. However, marital strain can often limit intimacy. Thus, our first objective was to explore the intricate interplay between spouses' sense of intimacy and the levels of marital strain experienced by both themselves and their partners. In addition, the way partners respond to the challenges posed by marital strain can be pivotal in shaping the overall dynamics. Therefore, our second objective was to investigate whether and how the empathy exhibited by partners can protect the couple from the potential adverse effects of marital strain on emotional intimacy within the relationship. 96 midlife and older heterosexual couples reported on their sense of marital strain, emotional intimacy, and their level of empathy. We used Actor‐Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) to analyze the results. Negative associations were found between marital strain and emotional intimacy for both men and women. Men's empathy moderated the relationship between women's strain and intimacy, but women's empathy did not moderate the association between men's strain and intimacy. Assessing both spouses' strain is essential for understanding marital intimacy. Men's empathy can have a meaningful role in mitigating the experienced strain on marital outcomes.
Measuring positive LGBTQ+ identity: Psychometric properties of the Turkish Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Positive Identity Measure
Authors: Barburoğlu Yusuf , Çürükvelioğlu‐Köksal Eda , Özgülük Üçok S. Burcu , Gandhi Yuvamathi , Lannutti Pamela J. , Randall Ashley K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPrevious research with lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and various sexually and gender diverse (LGBTQ+) people has largely highlighted how experiences of discrimination and marginalization, and mental health outcomes are related. However, it is important that researchers operate from a strength‐based approach to identify how aspects of one's identity may foster resilience. It is crucial that people working with LGBTQ+ individuals have empirically supported and culturally verified measures to assess such constructs. In this regard, the Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Positive Identity Measure (LGB‐PIM) developed by Riggle et al. (2014) was aimed to be translated into Turkish, examining its psychometric properties and validity using a sample of 450 LGBTQ+ people from Turkey. Participants' mean age was 22.44 (SD = 4.61; range = 18–47) and most of them were educated. The five‐factor structure of the LGB‐PIM and its five subscales (authenticity, community, intimacy, self‐awareness, and social justice) was validated by the findings of confirmatory factor analyses. Future researchers may wish to use LGB‐PIM in studies that are designed to understand positive aspects among LGBTQ+ individuals such as resilience and coping and their associations with any type of close relationships (i.e., romantic relationships, friendships, family relations).
The functions of laccase gene GhLAC15 in fiber colouration and development in brown‐colored cotton
Authors: Jiao Junye , Zheng Hongli , Zhou Xinping , Huang Yinshuai , Niu Qingqing , Ke Liping , Tang Shouwu , Liu Haifeng , Sun Yuqiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe monotonicity of color type in naturally colored cottons (NCCs) has become the main limiting factor to their widespread use, simultaneously coexisting with poor fiber quality. The synchronous improvement of fiber quality and color become more urgent and crucial as the demand for sustainable development increases. The homologous gene of wild cotton Gossypium stocksii LAC15 in G. hirsutum, GhLAC15, was also dominantly expressed in the developing fibers of brown cotton XC20 from 5 DPA (day post anthesis) to 25 DPA, especially at the secondary cell wall thickening stage (20 DPA and 25 DPA). In XC20 plants with downregulated GhLAC15 (GhLAC15i), a remarkable reduction in proanthocyanidins (PAs) and lignin contents was observed. Some of the key genes in the phenylpropane and flavonoid biosynthesis pathway were down‐regulated in GhLAC15i plants. Notably, the fiber length of GhLAC15i plants showed an obvious increase and the fiber color was lightened. Moreover, we found that the thickness of cotton fiber cell wall was decreased in GhLAC15i plants and the fiber surface became smoother compared to that of WT. Taken together, this study revealed that GhLAC15 played an important role in PAs and lignin biosynthesis in naturally colored cotton fibers. It might mediate fiber color and fiber quality by catalyzing PAs oxidation and lignin polymerization, ultimately regulating fiber colouration and development.
Garden of forking paths in ERP research – Effects of varying pre‐processing and analysis steps in an N400 experiment
Authors: Šoškić Anđela , Styles Suzy J. , Kappenman Emily S. , Ković Vanja 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study tackles the Garden of Forking Paths, as a challenge for replicability and reproducibility of ERP studies. Here, we applied a multiverse analysis to a sample ERP N400 dataset, donated by an independent research team. We analyzed this dataset using 14 pipelines selected to showcase the full range of methodological variability found in the N400 literature using systematic review approach. The selected pipelines were compared in depth by looking into statistical test outcomes, descriptive statistics, effect size, data quality, and statistical power. In this way we provide a worked example of how analytic flexibility can impact results in research fields with high dimensionality such as ERP, when analyzed using standard null‐hypothesis significance testing. Out of the methodological decisions that were varied, high‐pass filter cut‐off, artifact removal method, baseline duration, reference, measurement latency and locations, and amplitude measure (peak vs. mean) were all shown to affect at least some of the study outcome measures. Low‐pass filtering was the only step which did not notably influence any of these measures. This study shows that even some of the seemingly minor procedural deviations can influence the conclusions of an ERP study. We demonstrate the power of multiverse analysis in both identifying the most reliable effects in a given study, and for providing insights into consequences of methodological decisions.
Estimation of win, loss probabilities, and win ratio based on right‐censored event data
Authors: Parner Erik T. , Overgaard Morten 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe win ratio has in the recent decade gained popularity for analyzing prioritized multiple event data in clinical cohort studies, in particular within cardiovascular research. The literature on estimation of the win ratio using censored event data is however sparse. The methods that have been suggested have either an insufficient adjustment of the censoring or by assuming the the win and loss probabilities are proportional over time. The assumption of proportional win and loss probabilities will often in practice not be satisfied. In this paper, we present estimates for the win ratio, and win and loss probabilities, under independent right‐censoring and derive the asymptotic distribution of the estimates. The proposed win ratio estimate does not require the assumption of proportional win and loss probabilities. The small sample properties of the proposed method are studied in a simulation study showing that the variance formula is accurate even for small samples. The method is applied on two data sets.
Age‐related changes in cheek skin movement: A case study of Japanese women
Authors: Kurosumi Motonori , Yabuzaki Jiro , Kuribayashi Mari , Mizukoshi Koji 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe majority of conventional studies on skin aging have focused on static conditions. However, in daily life, the facial skin we encounter is constantly in motion due to conversational expressions and changes in facial expressions, causing the skin to alter its position and shape, resulting in a dynamic state. Consequently, it is hypothesized that characteristics of aging not apparent in static conditions may be present in the dynamic state of the skin. Therefore, this study investigates age‐related changes in dynamic skin characteristics associated with facial expression alterations.MethodsA motion capture system measured the dynamic characteristics (delay and stretchiness of skin movement associated with expression) of the cheek skin in response to facial expressions among 86 Japanese women aged between 20 and 69 years.ResultsThe findings revealed an increase in the delay of cheek skin response to facial expressions (r = 0.24, p < 0.05) and a decrease in the stretchiness of the lower cheek area with age (r = 0.60, p < 0.01). An increasing variance in delay and stretchiness within the same age group was also observed with aging.ConclusionThe findings of this study revealed that skin aging encompasses both static characteristics, such as spots, wrinkles, and sagging, traditionally studied in aging research, and dynamic aging characteristics of the skin that emerge in response to facial expression changes. These dynamic aging characteristics could pave the way for the development of new methodologies in skin aging analysis and potentially improve our understanding and treatment of aging impressions that are visually perceptible in daily life but remain unexplored.
Transition from Super-Alfvénic to Sub-Alfvénic Stellar Wind Flow Passing by an Exoplanet, Using the Example of HD 209458b
Authors: Belenkaya E. S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Depending on the distance of the exoplanet from the central star and the properties of this star, different regimes of stellar wind flow around it arise. If the exoplanet is located at a distance up to the Alfvén radius, where the wind speed is equal to the Alfvén speed, or the Alfvén Mach number $${{M}_{{\text{A}}}} = 1$$, the exoplanet generates Alfvén wings. If it is situated beyond the Alfvén radius, a comet-like magnetosphere appears, similar to that of the planets of the Solar System. The paper examines how the transition from one flow regime to another can be described on the base of a paraboloid model of the magnetospheric magnetic field using the example of exoplanet HD 209458b.
Efficacy of refrigerated gel packs for therapeutic hypothermia in neonatal retrieval: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Morris Rachel , Harris Alex , Stewart Michael , Boland Rosemarie , Sett Arun 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of refrigerated gel packs in achieving and maintaining target temperature in neonates receiving therapeutic hypothermia (TH) for hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy during neonatal retrieval.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingPaediatric Infant Perinatal Emergency Retrieval, Victoria, Australia.Patients200 neonates treated with TH during retrieval between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2020.InterventionsActive cooling with refrigerated gel packs or passive cooling.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcomes were the proportion of neonates who achieved therapeutic cooling rectal temperature (33–34°C) within 6 hours of birth and maintained target temperature range once TH was achieved. Secondary outcomes included need for respiratory support, inotropes, anticonvulsant therapy, sedation and survival at 7 days of life.Results200 neonates received TH. Median gestational age was 39 weeks and median birth weight 3300 g. 120 (60%) were actively cooled with refrigerated gel packs and the remainder passively cooled. 121 neonates (61%) reached target temperature within 6 hours and 14 (7%) after 6 hours of birth. Of those who achieved target temperature, 38% were maintained in therapeutic cooling range for the remainder of the retrieval.ConclusionsAchieving and maintaining TH during neonatal retrieval with gel packs is challenging. Target temperature was not maintained in most neonates in this study. These findings support existing evidence favouring the use of servo-controlled cooling devices to optimise TH in the retrieval setting.