bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intact Bone Vitality and Increased Accumulation of Nonmineralized Bone Matrix in Biopsy Specimens of Juvenile Osteochondritis Dissecans
Authors: Krause Matthias , Lehmann Daniel , Amling Michael , Rolvien Tim , Frosch Karl-Heinz , Püschel Klaus , Bohndorf Klaus , Meenen Norbert M. 
Published: March 2015

Background: Although commonly proposed to be the starting point of juvenile osteochondritis dissecans (JOCD), avascular osteonecrosis (AVN) has been an inconsistent finding in histological studies. Analysis of early-stage lesions is required to elucidate the origins of OCD and justify proper treatment. Purpose: To analyze histological sections of JOCD lesions with special emphasis on bone vitality. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Of 64 patients with 74 JOCD lesions (20 females, mean age, 11.4 years; 44 males, mean age, 12.7 years), 34 required surgery because of lesion instability or failed nonoperative treatment. From 9 patients, 11 histological specimens were obtained. Lesions were classified according to the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS). Two additional histological control sections were harvested from children without JOCD manifestation. Undecalcified histological sections were histomorphometrically analyzed. To analyze the skeletal health of the patients, biochemical analyses with special emphasis on bone metabolism were performed. Results: Histologically, no osteonecrosis was visible in any of the cases. Osteocyte distribution was similar among OCD lesions and controls. ICRS OCD I lesions (n = 6) showed no intralesional separation. In ICRS OCD II and III lesions (n = 5), there was a subchondral fracture concomitant with histological characteristics of active repair mechanism (increased bone formation: osteoid volume P = .008, osteoblast number P = .046; resorption: osteoclast number P = .005; and tissue fibrosis compared with controls). Instead, in ICRS OCD I lesions, subchondral osteoid volume ( P = .010) and osteoblast number ( P = .046) were significantly increased compared with controls; however, no active repair mechanisms (no increased bone resorption or fibrous tissue) were detected, suggesting a focal lack of mineralization. Fifty-seven of 64 patients (89.1%) showed a vitamin D deficiency. The median vitamin D serum level of the patients with ICRS OCD I lesions was 13.6 µg/L. Conclusion: In the present study, osteonecrosis was not found in histological specimens of JOCD. As a secondary finding, focal accumulations of nonmineralized bone matrix indicating a lack of mineralization in ICRS OCD I lesions were revealed. This finding correlated with a low level of vitamin D in the affected children.
Efficacy of action potential simulation and interferential therapy in the rehabilitation of patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Eftekharsadat Bina , Babaei-Ghazani Arash , Habibzadeh Afshin , Kolahi Babak 
Published: March 2015

Objective: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the main cause of pain, physical impairment and chronic disability in older people. Electrotherapeutic modalities such as interferential therapy (IFT) and action potential simulation (APS) are used for the treatment of knee OA. In this study, we aim to evaluate the therapeutic effects of APS and IFT on knee OA. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 67 patients (94% female and 6% male with mean age of 52.80 ± 8.16 years) with mild and moderate knee OA were randomly assigned to be treated with APS ( n = 34) or IFT ( n = 33) for 10 sessions in 4 weeks. Baseline and post-treatment Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) subscales, visual analogue scale (VAS) and timed up and go (TUG) test were measured in all patients. Results: VAS and WOMAC subscales were significantly improved after treatment in APS and IFT groups ( p < 0.001 for all). TUG was also significantly improved after treatment in APS group ( p < 0.001), but TUG changes in IFT was not significant ( p = 0.09). There was no significant difference in VAS, TUG and WOMAC subscales values before and after treatment as well as the mean improvement in VAS, TUG and WOMAC subscales during study between groups. Conclusion: Short-term treatment with both APS and IFT could significantly reduce pain and improve physical function in patients with knee OA.
On-Ice Functional Assessment of an Elite Ice Hockey Goaltender After Treatment for Femoroacetabular Impingement
Authors: Tramer Joseph S. , Deneweth Jessica M. , Whiteside David , Ross James R. , Bedi Asheesh , Goulet Grant C. 
Published: March 2015

Background: Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a major cause of performance inhibition in elite-level athletes. The condition is characterized by pain, osseous abnormalities such as an increased alpha angle, and decreased range of motion at the affected hip joint. Arthroscopic surgical decompression is useful in reshaping the joint to alleviate symptoms. Functional kinematic outcomes of sport-specific movements after surgery, however, are presently unknown. Hypothesis: The ability of an ice hockey goaltender to execute sport-specific movements would improve after arthroscopic surgery. Study Design: Clinical research. Level of Evidence: Level 5. Methods: An ice hockey goaltender was evaluated after arthroscopic correction of FAI on the symptomatic hip. Passive range of motion and radiographic parameters were assessed from a computed tomography–derived 3-dimensional model. An on-ice motion capture system was also used to determine peak femoral shock and concurrent hip joint postures during the butterfly and braking movements. Results: Maximum alpha angles were 47° in the surgical and 61° in the nonsurgical hip. Internal rotation range of motion was, on average, 23° greater in the surgically corrected hip compared with contralateral. Peak shock was lower in the surgical hip by 1.39 g and 0.86 g during butterfly and braking, respectively. At peak shock, the surgical hip demonstrated increased flexion, adduction, and internal rotation for both tasks (butterfly, 6.1°, 12.3°, and 30.8°; braking, 14.8°, 19.2°, and 41.4°). Conclusion: On-ice motion capture revealed performance differences between hips after arthroscopic surgery in a hockey goaltender. Range of motion and the patient’s subjective assessment of hip function were improved in the surgical hip. While presenting as asymptomatic, it was discovered that the contralateral hip displayed measurements consistent with FAI. Therefore, consideration of preemptive treatment in a presently painless hip may be deemed beneficial for young athletes seeking a long career in sport, and future work is needed to determine the costs and benefits of such an approach. Clinical Relevance: Surgical treatment of symptomatic FAI can achieve pain relief and improved kinematics of the hip joint with athletic activities. Additional studies are necessary to determine whether improved kinematics enhance the longevity of the native hip and alter the progression of osteoarthritic changes in those with asymptomatic FAI deformity.
Weightbearing Versus Nonweightbearing After Meniscus Repair
Authors: VanderHave Kelly L. , Perkins Crystal , Le Michael 
Published: March 2015

Context: Optimal rehabilitation after meniscal repair remains controversial. Objective: To review the current literature on weightbearing status after meniscal repairs and to provide evidence-based recommendations for postoperative rehabilitation. Data Sources: MEDLINE (January 1, 1993 to July 1, 2014) and Embase (January 1, 1993 to July 1, 2014) were queried with use of the terms meniscus OR/AND repair AND rehabilitation. Study Selection: Included studies were those with levels of evidence 1 through 4, with minimum 2 years follow-up and in an English publication. Study Design: Systematic review. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Data Extraction: Demographics and clinical and radiographic outcomes of meniscus repair at a minimum of 2 years follow-up were extracted. Results: Successful clinical outcomes ranged from 70% to 94% with conservative rehabilitation. More recent studies using an accelerated rehabilitation protocol with full weightbearing and early range of motion reported 64% to 96% good results. Conclusion: Outcomes after both conservative (restricted weightbearing) protocols and accelerated rehabilitation (immediate weightbearing) yielded similar good to excellent results; however, lack of similar objective criteria and consistency among surgical techniques and existing studies makes direct comparison difficult.
The lncRNA Firre anchors the inactive X chromosome to the nucleolus by binding CTCF and maintains H3K27me3 methylation
Authors: Yang Fan , Deng Xinxian , Ma Wenxiu , Berletch Joel B , Rabaia Natalia , Wei Gengze , Moore James M , Filippova Galina N , Xu Jun , Liu Yajuan , Noble William S , Shendure Jay , Disteche Christine M 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Background
In mammals, X chromosome genes are present in one copy in males and two in females. To balance the dosage of X-linked gene expression between the sexes, one of the X chromosomes in females is silenced. X inactivation is initiated by upregulation of the lncRNA (long non-coding RNA) Xist and recruitment of specific chromatin modifiers. The inactivated X chromosome becomes heterochromatic and visits a specific nuclear compartment adjacent to the nucleolus.

Results
Here, we show a novel role for the lncRNA Firre in anchoring the inactive mouse X chromosome and preserving one of its main epigenetic features, H3K27me3. Similar to Dxz4, Firre is X-linked and expressed from a macrosatellite repeat locus associated with a cluster of CTCF and cohesin binding sites, and is preferentially located adjacent to the nucleolus. CTCF binding present initially in both male and female mouse embryonic stem cells is lost from the active X during development. Knockdown of Firre disrupts perinucleolar targeting and H3K27me3 levels in mouse fibroblasts, demonstrating a role in maintenance of an important epigenetic feature of the inactive X chromosome. No X-linked gene reactivation is seen after Firre knockdown; however, a compensatory increase in the expression of chromatin modifier genes implicated in X silencing is observed. Further experiments in female embryonic stem cells suggest that Firre does not play a role in X inactivation onset.

Conclusions
The X-linked lncRNA Firre helps to position the inactive X chromosome near the nucleolus and to preserve one of its main epigenetic features.
Clinical outcomes of xeno-free expansion and transplantation of autologous ocular surface epithelial stem cells via contact lens delivery: a prospective case series
Authors: Bobba Samantha , Chow Sharron , Watson Stephanie , Di Girolamo Nick 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Depletion of limbal stem cells leads to a debilitating condition known as limbal stem cell deficiency, characterised by impaired corneal wound healing and poor vision. The aim of this study was to determine whether delivering progenitor cells on a contact lens is a viable and effective alternative to current transplantation techniques, which are complicated by biological and xenogeneic materials.

Methods
Sixteen eyes of 16 patients who had total (n = 14) and partial (n = 2) limbal stem cell deficiency (chemical burns, five eyes; iatrogenic causes, four eyes; aniridia, three eyes; trachoma-induced, two eyes; contact lens over-wear, one eye; and cicatrising conjunctivitis, one eye) and who had failed prior therapy were recruited prospectively into the study. Autologous limbal (n = 7) or conjunctival epithelial (n = 9) biopsies were harvested from patients and placed on the concave surface of silicone hydrogel contact lenses. Cells were expanded in culture with autologous serum and transplanted onto the ocular surface.

Results
Restoration of a transparent avascular and clinically stable corneal epithelium was attained in 10 of 16 eyes (63%) at a median follow-up time of 2.5 years (range of 0.8 to 5.8 years). Although minor complications occurred in two eyes of two patients because of contact lens insertion or removal, these were not associated with long-term sequelae.

Conclusions
This is the first and largest study to evaluate the mid-term outcomes of autologous limbal/conjunctival stem cell transplantation via a US Food and Drug Administration-approved contact lens, demonstrating that delivery of ocular progenitor cells via this procedure offers a viable, effective, and xeno-free alternative to current transplantation methodologies.

Trial registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN012607000211460. Registered 17 April 2007.
Exact solutions of unsteady Korteweg-de Vries and time regularized long wave equations
Authors: Islam S M Rayhanul , Khan Kamruzzaman , Akbar M Ali 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
In this paper, we implement the exp(−Φ(ξ))-expansion method to construct the exact traveling wave solutions for nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs). Here we consider two model equations, namely the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation and the time regularized long wave (TRLW) equation. These equations play significant role in nonlinear sciences. We obtained four types of explicit function solutions, namely hyperbolic, trigonometric, exponential and rational function solutions of the variables in the considered equations. It has shown that the applied method is quite efficient and is practically well suited for the aforementioned problems and so for the other NLEEs those arise in mathematical physics and engineering fields.

PACS numbers: 02.30.Jr, 02.70.Wz, 05.45.Yv, 94.05.Fq.
Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption onto ZIF-8 Nanocrystals
Authors: Zhao Yingjie , Pan Yichang , Liu Wei , Zhang Lixiong 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The adsorption of single heavy metal ions and competitive adsorption characteristics of binary heavy metal ions Cu2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ on Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 (ZIF-8) nanocrystals were examined in batches. Rapid and preferential adsorption of Cu2+ suggests ZIF-8 as a novel candidate for removing copper ions in aqueous solution. ZIF-8@polyacrylamide (ZIF-8@PAM) composite microspheres with sub-millimeter-scale sizes were also successfully prepared, providing an easy route for the recovery of ZIF-8 nanocrystals used in Cu2+ removing.
Effect of Counter Ionic Radius in Initiator on Particle Size in Soap-free Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene
Authors: Yamamoto Tetsuya , Yokoyama Taichi 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Soap-free emulsion polymerization of styrene was carried out to synthesize particles with the size under 100 nm. Changing the concentration of initiator, VA-044, enabled us to control the size under 100 nm in soap-free emulsion polymerization of styrene. Furthermore, making the counter ion radius in initiator smaller was effective for reducing the size of particles in the polymerization.
Diversité des théories libérales en Grèce au XIXe siècle
Authors: Argyropoulos Roxane D. 
Published: March 2015

<p>Étudier l'émergence du mouvement libéral en Grèce au XIXe siècle implique une série de difficultés d'interprétation. C'est appréhender un univers qui a été légué par la Révolution française et nous conduit à l'acquisition de principes indispensables au fonctionnement d'une société démocratique moderne. Υ travers des types de discours différents, nous essayons de suivre les traces de cette mise en œuvre du principe de la liberté de 1830 jusqu'à la veille du premier conflit mondial. On assiste après 1830, à une période de transition mais également de mise en œuvre des idées novatrices des Lumières. Les libéraux grecs ont pris fait et cause pour des combats concernant le respect de la vie humaine, la réciprocité des droits et des devoirs et sont dominés par la préoccupation de la liberté d'expression et de création, l'abolition de la peine de mort, l'idéal républicain, l'instruction publique, le défi du progrès. Depuis les années 1830 jusqu'en 1870, se réclamer du libéralisme, c'est s'inscrire dans les forces progressistes. Mais, la dernière phase de son édification fut liée à la montée du socialisme et du marxisme, qu'il allait remettre en question, et dans les années qui ont suivi la défaite de 1897, le libéralisme est confronté à des théories comme la pensée polyvalente de Nietzsche. Dans les différentes phases de l'évolution de la pensée libérale en Grèce, on observe des variations qui pour la plupart sont des étapes du processus vers la démocratie.</p><p> </p>
Les sociétés insulaires de la Mer Égée au temps de la domination ottomane. Routes communes et trajectoires séparées
Authors: Dimitropoulos Dimitris 
Published: March 2015

<p>L'objectif de ce texte est d'identifier les éléments qui ont joué un rôle unificateur et, respectivement, les facteurs qui ont différencié les îles de la mer Égée, pendant la domination ottomane. Il traite notamment du rôle qu'ont joué l'emplacement géographique, l'insularité, et la grandeur de chaque île, dans la formation de leur économie et la constitution des sociétés locales. L'argumentation se concentre surtout sur les petites îles de l'Égée et sur des sujets comme la forme et le type des bourgades, le caractère de leur fortification et son évolution, le rôle et les effets du pouvoir ottoman dans les institutions locales et l'administration communale, le caractère de l'économie insulaire et ses rapports avec la mer, les réseaux de communication entre les insulaires et l'évolution indépendante et particulière de chaque île, les déplacements des populations de et vers les îles, la migration et la mobilité des groupes professionnels à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur de la région de l'Égée, et enfin le rôle des monastères dans le développement des réseaux de communication dans l'espace insulaire.</p><p> </p>
L'helléniste français Jules David (1783-1854)
Authors: Caravolas Jean 
Published: March 2015

<p>Dans les lignes qui suivent, je présente les points saillants de la vie et de l'œuvre de Jules David, éminent helléniste et fervent philhellène français, sur lequel il n'existe, 150 ans après sa mort, aucune étude ni même un article quelque peu détaillé.</p><p> </p>
The Dark Side of the Moon: Rivalry and Riots for Shelter and OccupationBetween the Greek and Jewish Populations in Multi-ethnic Nineteenth-century Odessa
Authors: Sifneos Evridiki 
Published: March 2015

<p>This article aims to shed light on the competition between Greeks and Jews in the multi-ethnic context of Odessa, suggesting that rivalry was "the dark side of the moon", while the other side was characterised by conviviality, basically through assimilation and upper-class solidarity.</p><p> </p>
La différenciation du comportement grec vis-à-vis des Bulgares vers le milieu du XIXe siècle –Problèmes de nationalismes–
Authors: Politis Alexis 
Published: March 2015

<p>L'intelligentsia grecque découvre et codifie pour la première fois les revendications nationales du peuple bulgare assez tard, dans les années qui suivent la guerre de Crimée, à une époque où elle rêvait d'un empire national grec, et toute revendication territoriale lui paraissait hostile. Comme la nationalité grecque était la première à se manifester dans les Balkans, et comme la Guerre de l'Indépendance en 1821 avait attiré plusieurs Bulgares combattants -à cause de la religion commune et à cause du prestige de la langue et de l'éducation grecque pendant quatre siècles- les Grecs avaient de la difficulté à saisir le nationalisme de leurs voisins dans le cadre de nouvelles conditions historiques. Ils l'ont considéré comme provenant de leurs fautes: si les Grecs avaient manipulé mieux leur politique, le nationalisme bulgare n'aurait pas eu lieu. Les Grecs ont alors essayé de rappeler aux Bulgares les traits qui unissaient les deux races. En vain; car vers la fin du siècle les antagonismes nationaux devenaient encore plus durs: jamais un nationalisme n'a pu se réaliser sans donner lieu à des conflits violents avec son voisinage, jamais les adversaires n'ont limité leur champ de bataille à la théorie ou la littérature.</p><p> </p><p> </p>
Inducing Social Norms in Laboratory Allocation Choices
Authors: Schram Arthur , Charness Gary 
Published: March 2015

Social norms involve observation by others and external sanctions for violations, whereas moral norms involve introspection and internal sanctions. To study such norms and their effects, we design a laboratory experiment. We examine dictator choices, where we create a shared understanding by providing advice from peers with no financial payoff at stake. We vary whether advice is given, as well as whether choices are made public. This design allows us to explicitly separate the effects of moral and social norms. We find that choices are in fact affected by a combination of observability and shared understanding. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.2073 . This paper was accepted by Teck-Hua Ho, behavioral economics.
Gaining Access by Doing Good: The Effect of Sociopolitical Reputation on Firm Participation in Public Policy Making
Authors: Werner Timothy 
Published: March 2015

This paper examines the role of firms' sociopolitical reputations, as proxied by their perceived engagement in socially responsible practices, in public policy makers' decisions to grant access in the policy-making process. I argue that policy makers' dependencies, motivations, and decision-making processes lead them to evaluate firms by using sociopolitical reputation as a differentiating heuristic. I hypothesize that firms that construct stronger sociopolitical reputations will be granted greater access and that firms' existing political activity and policy makers' partisanship will moderate this relationship. I test these hypotheses using an 11-year panel on congressional testimony, reputation, and political and financial characteristics for the S&P 500 and find support for all three. These findings support the existence of a sociopolitical dimension to firms' reputations that affects how public policy makers evaluate firms, demonstrating that corporate social responsibility pays political benefits. This paper was accepted by Jesper Sørensen, organizations.