bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ripening and rot: How ripening processes influence disease susceptibility in fleshy fruits
Authors: Li Shan , Zhao Yu , Wu Pan , Grierson Donald , Gao Lei 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTFleshy fruits become more susceptible to pathogen infection when they ripen; for example, changes in cell wall properties related to softening make it easier for pathogens to infect fruits. The need for high‐quality fruit has driven extensive research on improving pathogen resistance in important fruit crops such as tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). In this review, we summarize current progress in understanding how changes in fruit properties during ripening affect infection by pathogens. These changes affect physical barriers that limit pathogen entry, such as the fruit epidermis and its cuticle, along with other defenses that limit pathogen growth, such as preformed and induced defense compounds. The plant immune system also protects ripening fruit by recognizing pathogens and initiating defense responses involving reactive oxygen species production, mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling cascades, and jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, ethylene, and abscisic acid signaling. These phytohormones regulate an intricate web of transcription factors (TFs) that activate resistance mechanisms, including the expression of pathogenesis‐related genes. In tomato, ripening regulators, such as RIPENING INHIBITOR and NON_RIPENING, not only regulate ripening but also influence fruit defenses against pathogens. Moreover, members of the ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (ERF) family play pivotal and distinct roles in ripening and defense, with different members being regulated by different phytohormones. We also discuss the interaction of ripening‐related and defense‐related TFs with the Mediator transcription complex. As the ripening processes in climacteric and non‐climacteric fruits share many similarities, these processes have broad applications across fruiting crops. Further research on the individual contributions of ERFs and other TFs will inform efforts to diminish disease susceptibility in ripe fruit, satisfy the growing demand for high‐quality fruit and decrease food waste and related economic losses.
What Drives Inventory Accumulation? News on Rates of Return and Marginal Costs
Authors: GÖRTZ CHRISTOPH , GUNN CHRISTOPHER , LUBIK THOMAS A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe study the determinants of inventory accumulation in a structural vector autoregression (VAR) framework with news shocks. Specifically, we investigate how news shocks affect two key determinants of inventory movements, namely, rates of return and marginal costs. We establish that inventories react strongly and positively to news about future increases in total factor productivity. We provide evidence that changes in external and internal rates of return are central to the transmission for such news shocks. We do not find evidence for a dominant role of marginal costs.
Organelle phenotyping and multi‐dimensional microscopy identify C1q as a novel regulator of microglial function
Authors: Sakthivel Pooja S. , Scipioni Lorenzo , Karam Josh , Keulen Zahara , Blurton‐Jones Mathew , Gratton Enrico , Anderson Aileen J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMicroglia, the immune cells of the central nervous system, are dynamic and heterogenous cells. While single cell RNA sequencing has become the conventional methodology for evaluating microglial state, transcriptomics do not provide insight into functional changes, identifying a critical gap in the field. Here, we propose a novel organelle phenotyping approach in which we treat live human induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived microglia (iMGL) with organelle dyes staining mitochondria, lipids, lysosomes and acquire data by live‐cell spectral microscopy. Dimensionality reduction techniques and unbiased cluster identification allow for recognition of microglial subpopulations with single‐cell resolution based on organelle function. We validated this methodology using lipopolysaccharide and IL‐10 treatment to polarize iMGL to an “inflammatory” and “anti‐inflammatory” state, respectively, and then applied it to identify a novel regulator of iMGL function, complement protein C1q. While C1q is traditionally known as the initiator of the complement cascade, here we use organelle phenotyping to identify a role for C1q in regulating iMGL polarization via fatty acid storage and mitochondria membrane potential. Follow up evaluation of microglia using traditional read outs of activation state confirm that C1q drives an increase in microglia pro‐inflammatory gene production and migration, while suppressing microglial proliferation. These data together validate the use of a novel organelle phenotyping approach and enable better mechanistic investigation of molecular regulators of microglial state.image
Negative urgency as a state‐level process
Authors: King Kevin M. , Feil Madison C. , Gomez Juarez Nancy , Moss Diego , Halvorson Max A. , Dora Jonas , Upton Natalie F. , Bryson Morgan A. , Seldin Katherine , Shoda Yuichi , Lee Christine M. , Smith Gregory T. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTest whether global self‐reports of urgency moderated the within‐person associations of affect and impulsive behaviors.BackgroundNegative urgency is a personality trait that is a risk factor for a range of psychopathology. Although it is assumed that global self‐reports of urgency measure individual tendencies to act more impulsively in the face of negative emotions, evidence from ecological momentary assessment studies is mixed.MethodIn this Registered Report, we used ecological momentary assessment data from a large sample of young adults (n = 496, age 18–22, 5 surveys per day for 40 days).ResultsAll forms of momentary impulsivity were impaired in moments when people reported more intense negative emotions, but global self‐reports of urgency did not explain individual differences in this association. Moreover, averaged affective states, rather than specific dimensions, affective circumplex, or appraisals, best predicted impulsive states.ConclusionsResults suggest that face‐valid interpretations of global self‐report of urgency are inaccurate, and it may be important to understand how some people come to understand themselves as high on urgency rather than assuming that people's self‐reports of their motivations are accurate. Momentary experiences of emotions globally impact multiple weakly to moderately associated impulsive behaviors, and future research should seek to understand both when and for whom these associations are strongest.
Paediatric idiopathic intracranial hypertension: Epidemiology, clinical features and treatment outcomes in a tertiary care centre in Western Australia
Authors: Shah Snehal , Khan Aleksandra , Khan Mohd , Lakshmanan Rahul 
Published: July 2024

AimThis retrospective study aims to analyse the epidemiology, clinical and neuroimaging features, treatment modalities, and outcomes of paediatric idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) in a tertiary care centre in Australia.MethodsUsing the International Classification of Diseases Diagnostic Criteria for IIH, we identified and analysed a cohort of children diagnosed with IIH over a 5‐year period (2017–2022). Data on patient demographics, symptomatology, examination findings, investigative results, treatments and outcomes were collected from medical records and electronic health records.ResultsA total of 45 cases were analysed. The pre‐pubertal group saw a male predominance and the post‐pubertal a female one. Increased body mass index was an associated comorbidity in majority of patients. Headaches (89%) and visual symptoms (56%) were the most common symptoms, with tinnitus also seen in 20% of patients. Papilledema was detected in 91% of the cases examined. The commonest neuroimaging features were optic nerve sheath distention (78%) and empty sella (49%). Acetazolamide was the primary treatment, with most patients responding well. Only a minority required surgical intervention. Long‐term resolution of headaches was achieved in 89% of patients.ConclusionsThe incidence of paediatric IIH in the West Australian population appears relatively high. It presents with subtle symptoms, emphasising the need for increased awareness among health‐care providers. Younger children may represent a distinct subgroup with unique clinical features. Timely diagnosis and aggressive medical management lead to favourable outcomes. However, weight loss interventions showed limited effectiveness. This study underscores the importance of early recognition and management of paediatric IIH to optimise patient outcomes.
A multimodal approach to diagnosis of neuromuscular neosporosis in dogs
Authors: Alf Vanessa , Tirrito Federica , Fischer Andrea , Cappello Rodolfo , Kiviranta Anna‐Mariam , Steinberg Tanja A. , Poli Federica , Stotz Felix , Del Vecchio Omar V. , Dörfelt Stefanie , Falzone Cristian , Knittel André , Loderstedt Shenja , Mercuriali Edy , Tabanez Joana , Zagarella Paolo , Matiasek Kaspar , Rosati Marco 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundEarly diagnosis of neosporosis in dogs is challenging.ObjectivesTo evaluate the feasibility of a compound multimodal testing approach for diagnosing in dogs neuromuscular and combined forms of neosporosis.AnimalsA total of 16 dogs diagnosed with solely neuromuscular neosporosis or with a combination of neuromuscular and central nervous system neosporosis.MethodsRetrospective review of clinical signs, laboratory findings, treatment, and outcome with focus on the diagnostic utility of different tests. Development of a chromogenic in situ hybridization (ISH) assay for the identification of Neospora caninum in paraffin‐embedded muscle samples.Results13/16 dogs had only neuromuscular signs of neosporosis, 3/16 had disease signs with concomitant central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Serology was performed in 15/16, with 10/15 showing titers >1 : 160 at admission. PCR on muscle samples detected N. caninum DNA in 11/16. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) detected N. caninum in 9/16 and ISH in 9/16. Histopathology revealed inflammatory myopathy in 10/16, necrotizing myopathy in 5/16, borderline changes in 1/16 and tachyzoites in 9/16. In 4 cases, N. caninum infection was confirmed with all 5 diagnostic methods, 3 cases with 4, 2 with 3, 6 with 2, and 1 animal with 1.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceDiagnosis of N. caninum infection should rely on a multimodal diagnostic approach and negativity of 1 single test should not allow for exclusion. Serology in combination with direct parasite identification via histopathology, DNA via PCR, or both modalities, appears a reliable diagnostic approach.
Treatment of moderate acute malnutrition through community health volunteers is a cost‐effective intervention: Evidence from a resource‐limited setting
Authors: Ilboudo Patrick G. , Donfouet Hermann Pythagore Pierre , Wilunda Calistus , Cichon Bernardette , Tewoldeberhan Daniel , Njiru James , Keane Emily , Mwangi Bonventure , Mwaniki Elizabeth , Zerfu Taddese Alemu , Schofield Lilly , Maina Lucy , Kutondo Edward , Agutu Olivia , Okoth Peter , Raburu Judith , Kavoo Daniel , Karimurio Lydia , Matanda Charles , Mutua Alex , Gichohi Grace , Kimani‐Murage Elizabeth 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTreatment outcomes for acute malnutrition can be improved by integrating treatment into community case management (iCCM). However, little is known about the cost‐effectiveness of this integrated nutrition intervention. The present study investigates the cost‐effectiveness of treating moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) through community health volunteer (CHV) and integrating it with routine iCCM. A cost‐effectiveness model compared the costs and effects of CHV sites plus health facility‐based treatment (intervention) with the routine health facility‐based treatment strategy alone (control). The costing assessments combined both provider and patient costs. The cost per DALY averted was the primary metric for the comparison, on which sensitivity analysis was performed. Additionally, the integrated strategy's relative value for money was evaluated using the most recent country‐specific gross domestic product threshold metrics. The intervention dominated the health facility‐based strategy alone on all computed cost‐effectiveness outcomes. MAM treatment by CHVs plus health facilities was estimated to yield a cost per death and DALY averted of US$ 8743 and US$ 397, respectively, as opposed to US$ 13,846 and US$ 637 in the control group. The findings also showed that the intervention group spent less per child treated and recovered than the control group: US$ 214 versus US$ 270 and US$ 306 versus US$ 485, respectively. Compared with facility‐based treatment, treating MAM by CHVs and health facilities was a cost‐effective intervention. Additional gains could be achieved if more children with MAM are enrolled and treated.
Animal‐assisted interventions in adult hospital rehabilitation settings: A scoping review
Authors: O'Loughlin Mary , Edwards Rachael , Bould Em , Devine Sue , Downing Sandra 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAnimal‐assisted interventions (AAIs) have the potential to enhance people's well‐being and function and are increasingly being implemented across a range of settings. This scoping review explored how AAIs have been used in adult hospital rehabilitative care. Using JBI and PRISMA‐ScR guidelines, a systematic search of four databases was undertaken. Inclusion criteria involved adults, aged >18 years, who had received AAIs in the hospital rehabilitation setting. Twenty‐two articles met the inclusion criteria. Results identified two intervention types: visitation activities (n = 8 studies) and structured therapeutic interventions (n = 14 studies). Dogs were the most common animal species. Improvements in social and emotional well‐being were reported across both types of interventions, with improvements in ambulation, motor skills, and verbal communication reported by those engaged in structured therapeutic interventions. Implementation challenges included a dependency on volunteer dog‐handlers; the need for better recording of interventions in medical records to enable evaluation; and cost, safety, infection control, and animal welfare considerations. Strengthening the planning of AAIs is fundamental for the realization of potential outcomes from human–animal interactions in hospital rehabilitative care.
Registered nurses' perceptions of nursing student preceptorship: Content analysis of open‐ended survey questions
Authors: Regaira‐Martínez E. , Ferraz‐Torres M. , Mateo‐Cervera A. M. , Vázquez‐Calatayud M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNursing preceptors play a crucial role in supporting and educating clinical students. Understanding the perceptions and needs of nurse preceptors is essential to enhance their role as preceptors and to improve their teaching practices. This study aimed to explore preceptorship in diverse settings and specific contexts. Content analysis was performed to analyze open‐ended responses from a questionnaire based on nurses' perceptions of preceptorship with undergraduate nursing students. Data were collected from two university hospitals, with different healthcare provision levels. Of the 370 responses, 295 (96%) were those of women, and 34.5% were in the age group of 41‐50 years. Three main themes were identified: (1) the role of preceptorship as a key component in learning, (2) challenges in student preceptorship, and (3) personal recognition and compensation for teaching work. This study highlights the positive experiences and provides valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities faced by nurse preceptors in their teaching roles, and emphasizes the need for institutional support and educational programs to enhance their teaching responsibilities. Improving communication and collaboration among stakeholders is crucial for improving learning outcomes and satisfaction.
Overactive bladder symptoms experiences of diabetic women in Türkiye: A qualitative study
Authors: Erkoc Arzu , Polat Dunya Cansu , Yucesoy Medine , Adas Mine 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn diabetic patients, poor management of hyperglycemia and prolonged disease duration may lead to neuropathy‐related overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms. To effectively manage OAB symptoms in women with type 2 diabetes, it is essential to know how patients perceive these problems, their lives, and strategies. This study aimed to understand the experience of OAB symptoms in Turkish women with type 2 diabetes from their point of view. A qualitative descriptive design was adopted with individual, semi‐structured interviews. Participants were selected by purposive sampling. The data were evaluated by using Van Manen's thematic analysis method. The symptom management theory formed the conceptual framework of this study. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist was used. A total of 18 patients were recruited and individually interviewed. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted from May to August 2023. The three main themes emerged: (i) the meaning of OAB symptoms; (ii) difficulties caused by OAB symptoms; and (iii) coping with OAB symptoms. The subthemes included the negative effects of OAB symptoms on daily life, difficulties in physical, psychological, and sexual life, and positive and negative behavior in coping with OAB symptoms. OAB symptoms affect the physical, psychosocial, and sexual lives of women with type 2 diabetes. Women with type 2 diabetes try to cope in different ways but often do not receive the support they need from families. Therefore, nurses should integrate the urinary problems of women with type 2 diabetes into routine clinical assessments and provide counseling to women.
A transcriptional repressor HVA regulates vascular bundle formation through auxin transport in Arabidopsis stem
Authors: Du Qian , Yuan Bingjian , Thapa Chhetri Gaurav , Wang Tong , Qi Liying , Wang Huanzhong 
Published: July 2024

Summary

Vascular bundles transport water and photosynthate to all organs, and increased bundle number contributes to crop lodging resistance. However, the regulation of vascular bundle formation is poorly understood in the Arabidopsis stem.

We report a novel semi‐dominant mutant with high vascular activity, hva‐d, showing increased vascular bundle number and enhanced cambium proliferation in the stem. The activation of a C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor, AT5G27880/HVA, is responsible for the hva‐d phenotype. Genetic, biochemical, and fluorescent microscopic analyses were used to dissect the functions of HVA.

HVA functions as a repressor and interacts with TOPLESS via the conserved Ethylene‐responsive element binding factor‐associated Amphiphilic Repression motif. In contrast to the HVA activation line, knockout of HVA function with a CRISPR‐Cas9 approach or expression of HVA fused with an activation domain VP16 (HVA‐VP16) resulted in fewer vascular bundles. Further, HVA directly regulates the expression of the auxin transport efflux facilitator PIN1, as a result affecting auxin accumulation. Genetics analysis demonstrated that PIN1 is epistatic to HVA in controlling bundle number.

This research identifies HVA as a positive regulator of vascular initiation through negatively modulating auxin transport and sheds new light on the mechanism of bundle formation in the stem.
Chronic clinical performance of a novel subxiphoidal pacemaker system: Early feasibility study design
Authors: Libbus Imad , Tholakanahalli Venkatakrishna , Roukoz Henri , Verma Varun , Isac Divya , Manicka Yatheendhar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundExtravascular and leadless pacemakers are a new class of cardiac devices that may reduce the rate of complications common to traditional cardiac pacemakers with intracardiac leads. These devices also have the potential of expanding access to cardiac pacing therapy by simplifying the complexity and cost of implantation. The objective of this study is to evaluate the implantation, chronic safety, and performance of a novel subxiphoidal pacemaker.MethodsThis study is an open‐label, non‐randomized, early feasibility study. Ten patients indicated for implantation of a single‐chamber ventricular pacemaker will be enrolled and implanted with the investigational device. The pacemaker will be inserted underneath the ribcage and clipped to the xiphoid process, with stimulation electrodes positioned on the cardiac pericardium. Patients will be programmed to chronic pacing; pacing capture threshold, sensing amplitude, and lead impedance will be measured at implant and regularly scheduled follow‐up visits. 24‐h Holter ECG and cardiac troponin will also be periodically measured. Adverse events will be recorded throughout the study period.ConclusionThis study is designed to assess the feasibility, safety, and chronic performance of a novel extravascular pacemaker, and will provide valuable data on whether this device has the potential to be a viable alternative to conventional pacemakers.
When saying sorry is not enough: The paradox of a political apology offered to Irish mother and baby home survivors
Authors: Foran Aoife‐Marie , O'Donnell Aisling T. , Moroney Dearbhla , Muldoon Orla T. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhile political apologies cannot undo what has been done, they are often perceived as highly relevant for healing and reconciliation. However, these apologies are often mired in controversy and highly political. While research on political apologies has focused on the role of intergroup relations, limited research has explored the intragroup dynamics involved. The present article explores how the paradoxical features of a political apology to ingroup members have their source in partisanship. The analysis used methods derived from discursive psychology. Using data from six parliamentary statements that were given in response to the political apology offered to Irish mother and baby home survivors, we demonstrated how these speakers constructed and understood the apology and how these constructions relate to their own political positions. Specifically, the apology to mothers and babies is used for political purpose, allowing majority members of government to position the wrongdoings experienced by mothers and babies in the past and to encourage the national collective to move on. Others seeking progressive social change—a parliamentary minority—use the apology to shape a political narrative that demands national collective action. Our work highlights the important role that identity‐based power relations play in confronting historical injustice, and how this may result in a dual schism with people within a nation becoming divided over both the apology and the appropriate response.