bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repeated High-Intensity-Effort Activity in Relation to Tries Scored and Conceded During Rugby League Match Play
Authors: Gabbett Tim J. , Gahan Caleb W. 
Published: September 2015

Purpose:To examine the nature and frequency of rugby league repeated high-intensity-effort (RHIE) activity in relation to tries scored and conceded in successful and unsuccessful teams.Participants:185 semiprofessional rugby league players (mean ± SD age 23.7 ± 3.2 y) from 11 teams.Methods:Global positioning system (GPS) data were collected during 21 matches and analyzed for the total number of RHIE bouts, efforts per bout, duration of efforts, and recovery between efforts. Using notational analysis, a RHIE-bout frequency distribution, representing 0–60 s, 61–120 s, 121–180 s, 181–240 s, and 241–300 s before scoring and conceding a try, was established.Results:Over 50% of RHIE bouts occurred within 5 min of a try. Bottom-4 teams performed a greater proportion of bouts within 5 min of a try than top-4 teams (61.5% vs 48.2%, effect size, ES = 0.69 ± 0.28, P = .0001). Top-4 teams performed a greater number of RHIE bouts per conceded try (3.0 ± 2.1 vs 1.6 ± 0.7, ES = 0.74 ± 0.51, P < .05), while bottom-4 teams performed a greater number of RHIE bouts per try scored (3.6 ± 2.5 vs 2.1 ± 1.7, ES = 0.70 ± 0.71, P = .10).Conclusion:The majority of rugby league RHIE bouts occur at critical periods during match play. Successful rugby league teams perform more RHIE bouts before conceding tries, while unsuccessful teams perform more bouts before scoring tries. These findings demonstrate that unsuccessful teams are required to work harder to score tries while successful teams work harder to prevent tries.
Wrist Septic Arthritis: An 11 Year Review
Authors: Yap Robert Tze Jin , Tay Shian Chao 
Published: September 2015

Background: This report utilizes 11 years (2003-2013) of clinical records of patients for a retrospective evaluation of the effectiveness of various combinations of diagnostic methods, treatment options and surgical procedures to try to determine the optimal combinations to improve the rate of success for the treatment of septic wrist arthritis.Methods: Analysis of records of 40 patients treated for septic wrist arthritis in our hospital involving records of physical examination, full blood analysis, biochemical, microbial profiles, type of surgical intervention, length of stay, number of surgical interventions to resolution and the rate of morbidity and mortality. The patients were subdivided into 2 groups, consisting of 6 (mortality) in one group and 34 (non-mortality) in the other. The various parameters as listed above were compared for differences. The patient records included those from immunocompromised elderly patients, with other existing medical complications such as gout, pseudogout, cellulitis and arthritic flare that made accurate diagnosis of septic wrist arthritis challenging.Results: There is a trend showing better success in the treatment of septic wrist arthritis among patients without co-morbid medical problems. Due to the unavoidable delays in microbial identification, it was noted that escalation of antibiotics should be adopted especially for the immunocompromised patients.Conclusions: Staphylococcus aureus, the most common microbial pathogen in our findings, point to the need to adopt a lower threshold for escalation of antibiotics for immunocompromised patients with slow reversal of infection in order to reduce morbidity, mortality, number of surgeries and length of post-operative stay.
DIAS, Maria Odila da Silva Leite. A interiorização da metrópole e outros estudos. 2ª ed. São Paulo: Alameda, 2009.
Authors: Aguiar Márlio 
Published: September 2015

Resenha da obra de DIAS, Maria Odila Leite da Silva. <em>A interiorização da metrópole e outros estudos</em>. 2ª ed. São Paulo: Alameda, 2009.
The Rainfall Sensitivity of Tropical Net Primary Production in CMIP5 Twentieth- and Twenty-First-Century Simulations*
Authors: Negrón-Juárez Robinson I. , Riley William J. , Koven Charles D. , Knox Ryan G. , Taylor Philip G. , Chambers Jeffrey Q. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
In this study, the authors used the relationship between mean annual rainfall (MAR) and net primary production (NPP) (MAR–NPP) observed in tropical forests to evaluate the performance (twentieth century) and predictions (twenty-first century) of tropical NPP from 10 earth system models (ESMs) from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). Over the tropical forest domain most of the CMIP5 models showed a positive correlation between NPP and MAR similar to observations. The GFDL, CESM1, CCSM4, and Beijing Normal University (BNU) models better represented the observed MAR–NPP relationship. Compared with observations, the models were able to reproduce the seasonality of rainfall over areas with long dry seasons, but NPP seasonality was difficult to evaluate given the limited observations. From 2006 to 2100, for representative concentration pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) (and most RCP4.5 simulations) all models projected increases in NPP, but these increases occurred at different rates. By the end of the twenty-first century the models with better performance against observed NPP–MAR projected increases in NPP between ~2% (RCP4.5) and ~19% (RCP8.5) relative to contemporary observations, representing increases of ~9% and ~25% relative to their historical simulations. When climate and CO2 fertilization are considered as separate controls on plant physiology, the current climate yields maximum productivity. However, as future climate changes become detrimental to productivity, CO2 fertilization becomes the dominant response, resulting in an overall increase in NPP toward the end of the twenty-first century. Thus, the way in which models represent CO2 fertilization affects their performance. Further studies addressing the individual and simultaneous effect of other climate variables on NPP are needed.
The Implementation of the Food Safety Modernization Act and the Strength of the Sustainable Agriculture Movement
Authors: Wiseman Samuel R. 
Published: September 2015

In the wake of growing public concerns over salmonella outbreaks and other highly publicized food safety issues, Congress passed the FDA Food Safety Modernization Act in 2011, which placed more stringent standards on food growing and packaging operations. In negotiations preceding the Act's passage, farmers of local, sustainable food argued that these rules would unduly burden local agricultural operations or, at the extreme, drive them out of business by creating overly burdensome rules. These objections culminated in the addition of the Tester-Hagan Amendment to the Food Safety Modernization Act, which created certain exemptions for small farms. Proposed Food and Drug Administration (FDA) rules to implement the Act threatened to weaken this victory for small farm groups, however, prompting a loud response from small farmers and local food proponents.The FDA's second set of proposed rules, issued in September 2014 in response to these and other complaints, were, perhaps surprisingly, responsive to small farmers' concerns. Using comments submitted to the FDA, this article explores the responses of the agriculture industry and public health organizations, as well as small farm groups, consumers of local food, and sustainable agriculture interests (which, for simplicity, I alternately describe as comprising the “sustainable agriculture” or “small farm” movement), to three aspects of the FDA's proposed rules—involving manure application, on-farm packing activities, and exemptions for very small farms—to assess the strength of the sustainable agriculture movement. The rules involving manure application and on-farm packing, it turns out, reveal little about the independent political strength of the local food movement, as large industry groups also objected to these provisions. But for the third issue discussed here—exemptions for very small farms—the interests of sustainable agriculture groups were directly opposed to both industry and public health organizations, and yet prevailed. This suggests that the high salience of locavore and “slow food” issues might have allowed relatively small, dispersed interests to overcome traditional obstacles to political organization, and that the sustainable agriculture movement has indeed become an effective political force.
What's in Store: A Vision for Healthier Retail Environments through Better Collaboration
Authors: Fry Christine , McLaughlin Ian , Etow Alexis , Holaday Rio 
Published: September 2015

Thousands of small dealers who are barely able to make a living … would be cut off from supplying their customers with milk, butter, [etc.], which they need for use on Sundays, causing them a very serious loss and great inconvenience to thousands of people…L.J. Callanan, grocer in New York City, March 16, 1903
THE INFLUENCE OF SUPPORT AND INFORMATION SYSTEM TOWARD THE USE OF WORK INFORMATION IN BUDGETING WITH DEVELOPMENT FACTOR AS INTERVENING VARIABLE
Authors: Diptyana Pepie , Basuki Hardo 
Published: September 2015

This research is dealt with political factors using internal and external organization supports as proxy. Besides that, it also uses information system as variables that influence work performance measurement development as well as the utilization of performance information in budgeting. This research attempts to test and confirm whether such factors are consistently influential toward work performance measurement development and utilization of performance information in budgeting as conducted by the previous studies. It uses random sampling system,consisting of 316 executives with the echelon ranks of 2, 3, and 4 at the regional government offices, Jogjakarta, Indonesia. This research reveals that political factor influence utilization of performance information in budgeting, both directly and indirectly through performance measurement development. In addition, information system capability, incapabilityof explaining and assessing performance metrics (as technical factors) do not influence either directly or indirectly both work performance measurement development and utilization of performance information in budgeting. Yet, another technical factor, which is technical knowledge, has significant influence toward work performance measurement development in budgeting. These findings imply that the change into performance measurement-based budgeting is influenced by the regional government’s internal and external support, external participations such as society for escorting the regional government officials in facing the budgeting system change.
STUDY OF THE TAXPAYERS’ COMPLIANCE IN BANKING INDUSTRIES IN SURABAYA
Authors: Salman Kautzar Riza , Farid Mochammad 
Published: September 2015

This research provides an empirical evidence of the influence of tax payers’ environment toward their compliance. In this research, the tax payers’ environment covers tax regulation, tax policy, tax administration, and tax services. It is a survey research by using questionnaire as the instrument. The samples used in this research include 40 regional offices or main branches of the banks associated within Perbanas (The Association of Commercial Banks) in Surabaya. They are the heads of the banks in regional offices, the heads of main branch offices, managers,supervisors or sub divisions dealing with the companies’ tax. All the respondents are by proxy on the behalf of the offices where they work. The findings are as follows: (1) tax regulation does not influence significantly toward the tax payers’ compliance; (1) the tax policy influences significantly the tax payers’ compliance; (3) the tax administration does not influence significantly toward the tax payers’ compliance; (4) the tax services does not influence significantly the tax payers’ compliance. Based on the results above, it can be concluded that the constructs of tax policy have significant influence on the tax payers’ compliance. In addition, it also shows that the constructs of tax regulation, tax administration, and tax services do not have significant influence on the tax payers’ compliance.
THE INFLUENCE OF INDIVIDUAL RANK AND WORKING EXPERIENCE ON PROFESSIONALISM OF INTERNAL AUDITOR (Study on Internal Auditors of Public Corporation at Manufacturing Sector Listed in The Jakarta Stock Exchange)
Authors: Gunarianto Gunarianto 
Published: September 2015

One of the causes of economic crisis and failure experienced by a number of Indonesian companies is the corporate governance. If the internal audit can be properly implemented, it will contribute to improving the process of corporate governance, risk management, and management control. This research attempts to obtain empirical evidence and better understanding concerning: (1) ) the correlation between individual rank with working experience in manufacturing sector listed at the JSX; (2) the influence of individual rank and working experience on the internal auditors’ professionalism of public companies in manufacturing sector listed at the JSX either partially and simultaneously. The type of research employed in this study is causal relationship by using the census method for 120 internal auditors of public companies in manufacturing sector at the JSX. The data this study consist of both primary and secondary data. Reliability and validity tests were conducted to examine the questionnaires. SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) is used to examine the correlation as well as the effect of the variable. It was found that (1) there is correlation between individual rank and internal auditors’ working experience and between internal auditors’ working experience (R2 =0.52); (2) individual rank and working experience partially influence the internal auditors’ professionalism for with the levels of influence are 6%, and 20% respectively, whilst their simultaneous effect is 30%.
THE INFLUENCE OF SATISFACTION TOWARD LOYALTY AND BUSINESS BUILDING OF MULTILEVEL MARKETING SALESPERSON IN ORIFLAME SURABAYA
Authors: Retno A Mei 
Published: September 2015

It is a fact that any product categorized as a daily need and therefore, it is considered the first product in the customer’s hand. The key to such a condition is by increasing the custom- ers’ loyalty to the product. To do so, multi-level-marketing (MLM) can be implemented in a business. This research attempts to see the influence of the variables such as communication satisfaction, marginal satisfaction, and product satisfaction, Loyalty to salesperson, Product Loyalty, and Business Builder toward the customers’ loyalty to the product. The author uses semantic scale differential as variable scale. The respondents as the subjects studied are the active members of Oriflame multilevel marketing company which have joined the company for at least 1 (one) year. There are 112 members taken as the sample and it uses Sstructural Equa- tion Mmodeling (SEM) to analyze the data. It was found that the product satisfaction factor have positive influence toward the loyalty to product, the loyalty to product has also positive influence toward the loyalty to salesman and the business builders. Next hypothesis say they marginal satisfaction has positive influence toward the loyalty to product, marginal satisfac- tion has positive influence toward the loyalty to salesman, and communication satisfaction factor has positive influence toward the loyalty to salesman all are not accepted. Key words: Communication Satisfaction, Marginal Satisfaction, Product Satisfaction, Loy- alty to Salesperson, Product Loyalty, Business Builders.
Influence of Musical Experience of Blind and Visually Impaired Young Persons on Performance in Selected Auditory Tasks
Authors: Bogusz-Witczak Edyta , Skrodzka Ewa , Turkowska Hanna 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe impact of musical experience on results concerning sound perception in selected auditory tasks, such as pitch discrimination, pitch-timbre categorization and pitch memorization for blind and visually impaired children and teenagers is discussed. Subjects were divided into three groups: of those with no experience of music, with small musical experience and with substantial musical experience. The blind and visually impaired subjects were investigated, while sighted persons formed reference groups. To date no study has described impact of musical experience on results of such experiments for blind and visually impaired children and teenagers. Our results suggest that blind persons with musical experience may be more sensitive to frequency differences and differences in timbre between two signals as well as may have better short-term auditory memory than blind people with no musical experience. Musical experience of visually impaired persons does not necessary lead to better performance in all conducted auditory tasks.
Evaluation of Guitars and Violins Made using Alternative Woods through Mobility Measurements
Authors: Torres Jesús Alejandro , Torres-Martínez Reydezel 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe feasibility of substituting the types of wood usually employed in the making of guitars and violins was analyzed, but without comparing the properties of involved materials as it is often reported; in this work, the vibrational behavior of twelve guitars and three violins built with alternative types of woods was compared to data of classical instruments available in the literature. In the guitars here measured, the back plate and ribs were not made from traditional woods; while in the violins, only the top plate was made from an alternative type of wood. The results showed that changing the wood of back plate and ribs does not radically affect the typical mobility of a guitar; however, the expected mobility for a violin was not clearly obtained substituting the wood of the top plate. Thus it seems feasible to substitute the wood of back plate and ribs in guitars without causing dramatic changes in their performance; in contrast, a change of the wood type for top plate in violins seems inadvisable unless the design of the top plate is modified to compensate the differences between the woods.
The Effect of Voice over IP Transmission Degradations on MAP-EM-GMM Speaker Verification Performance
Authors: Maciejko Waldemar 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Despite the growing importance of packet switching systems, there is still a shortage of thorough analyses of VoIP transmission effect on speech and speaker recognition performance. Voice over IP transmission systems use packet switching. There is no guarantee of delivery. The main disadvantage of VoIP is a packet loss which has a major impact on the performance experienced by the users of the network. There are several techniques to mask the effects of a packet loss, referred to as packet loss concealment.
In this study, the effect of voice transmission over IP on automatic speaker verification system performance was investigated. The analyzed system was based on MAP-EM-GMM modelling methods. Four various speech codecs of H.323 standard were investigated with special emphasis placed on the packet loss phenomenon and various packet loss concealment techniques.
Genetic Relationships Among Linear Type Traits and Milk Production Traits of Holstein Dairy Cattle
Authors: Bohlouli Mehdi , Alijani Sadegh , Varposhti Mehran Rahimi 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate genetic relationships among milk production and linear type traits of Holstein dairy cattle from seven herds in Isfahan province of Iran. Phenotypic data was collected from 2004 to 2012 and included milk yield (MY), fat yield (FY) and protein yield (PY) for first three lactations, six body traits (stature, ST; chest width, CW; body depth, BD; angularity, AN; rump angle, RA; rump width, RW), three feet and legs traits (rear legs side view, RLSV; rear legs rear view, RLRV; foot angle, FA) and eight udder traits (fore udder attachment, FUA; rear udder height, RUH; rear udder width, RUW; central ligament, CL; udder depth, UD; fore teat placement, FTP; rear teat placement, RTP; teat length, TL). The number of animals for each linear type trait was 3505. Multi-trait animal models were used to estimate the (co)variance components based on restricted maximum likelihood method (REML) using WOMBAT software. Heritability estimates of first, second and third lactations for MY were 0.28, 0.41 and 0.36; for FY were 0.22, 0.23 and 0.36 and for PY were 0.31, 0.33 and 0.25, respectively. The heritability estimates ranged from 0.17±0.04 to 0.24±0.04 for body traits, 0.06±0.03 to 0.15±0.04 for feet and leg traits and from 0.12±0.04 to 0.25±0.05 for udder traits. Genetic correlations among the recorded type traits ranged from -0.76±0.01 (between AN and RLRV) to 0.65±0.02 (between AN and RW). The low to moderate positive genetic correlations between AN and FUA with milk production traits indicate that cows with high AN and good FUA have higher milk, fat and protein yields. The results of this study indicated that considerable genetic variation exists for different type traits within this sample of the Iranian Holstein population and additive genetic variability of type traits can provide moderate genetic gains through selection.
A comparative analysis of literary depictions of social violence in two important 16th Century autobiographies, from the perspective of the fencing manuals of the Renaissance.
Authors: Chandler Jean 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
In the late 16th century two interesting individuals made substantial contributions to the relatively new genre of the autobiography. In 1595 Bartholomäus Sastrow (1520–1603), a north German burgher, notary, diplomat, and eventually burgomeister of the Hanseatic City of Stralsund, penned his life story. Benvenuto Cellini (1500–1571), goldsmith, soldier, musician and famous Renaissance artist from Florence, wrote his memoir between 1558 and 1563. Though they were born twenty years apart, both men had similar backgrounds. Both were from the lower-middle strata of society but rose to high status, both were widely traveled and directly acquainted with the most powerful individuals of their time (as well as some of the most lowly) and both experienced firsthand some of the most dramatic and important political and military events of the mid-16th century.
Amidst a backdrop of war and severe religious conflict, Sastrow, a German and a Lutheran, traveled to Italy, and Cellini, an Italian Catholic, travelled through Germany to France. This allows us to see each region from both a native and an outsider’s perspective. Both men participated in or were witness to numerous incidents of social violence and warfare during their lifetimes, as described in detail in their memoirs. These accounts give us an opportunity to examine the depiction of incidents of social violence by people who witnessed or participated in them first-hand, allowing us to contrast these episodes with the principles of self-defense as portrayed in the fightbooks. We can also compare these personal anecdotes with documented written and unwritten rules governing dueling, fighting, and the carrying of arms. This will help grant us further insight into the reality of personal armed conflict in the era of the fightbooks, and improve our understanding of their context and meaning.
Birational Mori fiber structures of ℚ-Fano 3-fold weighted complete intersections, II
Authors: Okada Takuzo 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
In [T. Okada,
Birational Mori fiber structures of

ℚ

\mathbb{Q}

-Fano 3-fold weighted complete intersection,
Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. (3) 109 2014, 6, 1549–1600],
we proved that, among 85 families of

ℚ

\mathbb{Q}

-Fano threefold weighted complete intersections of codimension two, 19 families consist of birationally rigid varieties and the remaining families consists of birationally non-rigid varieties.
The aim of this paper is to study systematically the remaining families and prove that every quasismooth member of 14 families is birational to another

ℚ

\mathbb{Q}

-Fano threefold but not birational to any other Mori fiber space.