bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Smart Hyperthermia Nanofiber with Switchable Drug Release for Inducing Cancer Apoptosis
Authors: Kim Young‐Jin , Ebara Mitsuhiro , Aoyagi Takao 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA smart hyperthermia nanofiber is described with simultaneous heat generation and drug release in response to ‘on‐off’ switching of alternating magnetic field (AMF) for induction of skin cancer apoptosis. The nanofiber is composed of a chemically‐crosslinkable temperature‐responsive polymer with an anticancer drug (doxorubicin; DOX) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), which serve as a trigger of drug release and a source of heat, respectively. By chemical crosslinking, the nanofiber mesh shows switchable changes in the swelling ratio in response to alternating ‘on‐off’ switches of AMF because the self‐generated heat from the incorporated MNPs induces the deswelling of polymer networks in the nanofiber. Correspondingly, the ‘on‐off’ release of DOX from the nanofibers is observed in response to AMF. The 70% of human melanoma cells died in only 5 min application of AMF in the presence of the MNPs and DOX incorporated nanofibers by double effects of heat and drug. Taken together these advantages on both the nano‐ and macroscopic scale of nanofibers demonstrate that the dynamically and reversibly tunable structures have the potential to be utilized as a manipulative hyperthermia material as well as a switchable drug release platform by simple switching an AMF ‘on’ and ‘off’.
Superhydrophobic Carbon Nanotube Electrode Produces a Near‐Symmetrical Alternating Current from Photosynthetic Protein‐Based Photoelectrochemical Cells
Authors: Tan Swee Ching , Yan Feng , Crouch Lucy I. , Robertson John , Jones Michael R. , Welland Mark E. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe construction of protein‐based photoelectrochemical cells that produce a variety of alternating currents in response to discontinuous illumination is reported. The photovoltaic component is a protein complex from the purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides which catalyses photochemical charge separation with a high quantum yield. Photoelectrochemical cells formed from this protein, a mobile redox mediator and a counter electrode formed from cobalt disilicide, titanium nitride, platinum, or multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) generate a direct current during continuous illumination and an alternating current with different characteristics during discontinuous illumination. In particular, the use of superhydrophobic MWCNT as the back electrode results in a near symmetrical forward and reverse current upon light on and light off, respectively. The symmetry of the AC output of these cells is correlated with the wettability of the counter electrode. Potential applications of a hybrid biological/synthetic solar cell capable of generating an approximately symmetrical alternating current are discussed.
Modification of Theoretical models to predict mechanical behavior of PVC/NBR/organoclay nanocomposites
Authors: Esmizadeh E. , Naderi G. , Ghoreishy Mir Hamid Reza 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTOrgano‐modified nanoclay (Cloisite 30B) was added via direct melt mixing to the acrylonitrile butadiene rubber/poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC/NBR) to fabricate polymer blend/clay nanocomposites. The states of nano‐fillers dispersion were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). From the morphological study of nanocomposites, it is concluded that exfoliated morphology is obtainable by introduction of 2.5 vol % of nanoclay. The effect of nano‐filler volume content on the mechanical properties of PVC/NBR matrix reinforced by Cloisite 30B was investigated by tensile test. Experimental results show that the Young's modulus and tensile strength of composites can significantly improved with a small amount of nanofiller. Moreover, to investigate the stress–strain behavior of NBR/PVC nanocomposites, seven constitutive models such as Arruda–Boyce, Mooney–Rivilen, Marlow, second order of polynomial, Van der Waals, and third order Odgen were studied and compared with experimental data. Results showed that Malow and second order polynomial model can be used for nanoclay‐filled compound whereas the other models show more deviation from experimental data. Three micromechanical models named liner rule of mixtures (LROM) and the inverse rule of mixtures (IROM). Halpin–Tsai theory was applied to evaluate the dependence of Young modulus of nanocomposites on volume fraction of nanofiller. Two modifying factors were proposed to evaluate the Young's modulus of nanocomposites which could greatly improve the theoretical prediction obtained from inverse rule of mixtures (IROM) and Halpin–Tsai equation. The modifying factors were introduced by adopting an exponential, power‐law and linear factors in the equation. In order to verify the suitability of the modified models, the ensuing theoretical predictions are compared to the other experimental data available in the literature. Good predictability of the modified models is demonstrated in the results. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 3229–3239, 2013
Peptide‐based communication system enables Escherichia coli to Bacillus megaterium interspecies signaling
Authors: Marchand Nicholas , Collins Cynthia H. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTThe use of mixtures of microorganisms, or microbial consortia, has the potential to improve the productivity and efficiency of increasingly complex bioprocesses. However, the use of microbial consortia has been limited by our ability to control and coordinate the behaviors of microorganisms in synthetic communities. Synthetic biologists have previously engineered cell–cell communication systems that employ machinery from bacterial quorum‐sensing (QS) networks to enable population‐level control of gene expression. However, additional communication systems, such as those that enable communication between different species of bacteria, are needed to enable the use of diverse species in microbial consortia for bioprocessing. Here, we use the agr QS system from Staphylococcus aureus to generate an orthogonal synthetic communication system between Gram‐negative Escherichia coli and Gram‐positive Bacillus megaterium that is based on the production and recognition of autoinducing peptides (AIPs). We describe the construction and characterization of two types of B. megaterium “receiver” cells, capable of AIP‐dependent gene expression in response to AIPs that differ by a single amino acid. Further, we observed interspecies communication when these receiver cells were co‐cultured with AIP‐producing E. coli. We show that the two AIP‐based systems exhibit differences in sensitivity and specificity that may be advantageous in tuning communication‐dependent networks in synthetic consortia. These peptide‐based communication systems will enable the coordination of gene expression, metabolic pathways and growth between diverse microbial species, and represent a key step towards the use of microbial consortia in bioprocessing and biomanufacturing. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013;110: 3003–3012. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Simple, effective and safe vascular access site closure with the double‐ProGlide preclose technique in 162 patients receiving transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Griese Daniel P. , Reents Wilko , Diegeler Anno , Kerber Sebastian , Babin‐Ebell Jörg 
Published: June 2013

ObjectivesAim of this study was to analyze feasibility, efficacy, and safety of a double‐ProGlide preclose technique for access site closure after transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).BackgroundAn effective and safe transcutaneous closure device is advantageous in transfemoral TAVI to avoid surgical cut down of the large caliber sheath insertion site. The use of two ProGlide sutures has not been described in this context in a large patient cohort.MethodsProGlide closure was used between 2010 and 2012 in 162 patients. ProGlide sutures were deployed in a preclose technique prior to insertion of the large caliber sheath. Success of the closure technique was defined as effective hemostasis and no further access site‐related vascular or bleeding complications during the index hospitalization.ResultsPatients were 82 ± 5 years old with a logistic EuroSCORE of 16.7 ± 12.5. Edwards SAPIEN valves were used in 81.5% and Medtronic CoreValves in 18.5%. The overall success rate of the double‐ProGlide technique was 93.9%. Success rate was only 40.0% under circumstances of prolonged high‐dose heparinization. Success rate was 96.8% among the patients on dual‐antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). All 10 ProGlide failures could effectively be managed by either percutaneous angioplasty or surgical reconstruction. The rate of VARC major vascular complications was 4.3%. Thirty‐day mortality was 5.6%.ConclusionThe double‐ProGlide preclose technique offers a simple, highly effective, and safe method for closure of the arterial access site after transfemoral TAVI. The double‐ProGlide strategy results in low rates of major vascular complications and translates into favorable early outcome. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sequestration of Carbon Dioxide with Simultaneous Formation of Fine Calcium Carbonate Particles in Liposomes
Authors: Yoshimoto M. , Koyama T. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract1‐Palmitoyl‐2‐oleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (POPC) liposomes containing CaCl2 were prepared in Tris solution. The optimal initial pH and temperature were determined based on the kinetics of bulk crystallization of CaCO3 and to depress the leakage of Ca2+ from liposomes. The CaCO3 particles were formed by mixing the liposome suspension and CO2‐saturated water, as analyzed with the scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The liposomal reaction system can be utilized for the formation of fine CaCO3 particles through sequestration of CO2.
Phase 2 trial of afatinib, an ErbB family blocker, in solid tumors genetically screened for target activation
Authors: Kwak Eunice L. , Shapiro Geoffrey I. , Cohen Seth M. , Becerra Carlos R. , Lenz Heinz‐Josef , Cheng Wen‐Fang , Su Wu-Chou , Robohn Meghan , Le Maulf Florence , Lobmeyer Maximilian T. , Chand Vikram K. , Iafrate A. John 
Published: June 2013

BACKGROUNDThe efficacy of afatinib, an irreversible ErbB Family Blocker, was evaluated in patients who had 1 of 4 categories of solid tumors with epidermal growth factor receptor/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR/HER2) gene amplification or EGFR‐activating mutations.METHODSPatients with previously treated but ErbB inhibitor‐naive esophagogastric, biliary tract, urothelial tract, or gynecologic cancers (lung cancers were excluded) harboring EGFR/HER2 gene amplification or high polysomy were identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Tumors were also screened for EGFR mutations. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate; secondary endpoints included the clinical benefit rate, pharmacokinetics, and safety.RESULTSOf 385 prescreened patients, 38 had FISH‐positive tumors (10 with EGFR amplification and 29 with HER2 amplification or high polysomy [1 tumor had EGFR/HER2 high polysomy]; none had EGFR‐activating mutations), and 20 patients received treatment with afatinib 50 mg daily. The objective response rate was 5% (1 of 20 patients), and the best objective response included 1 complete response. Eight patients experienced stable disease. The most frequently reported adverse events were diarrhea, rash, and decreased appetite. The trial closed early because of slow recruitment.CONCLUSIONSSingle‐agent afatinib activity was limited, yet encouraging, in selected tumors that were screened prospectively for target activation. The implementation of a biomarker‐driven approach using a low‐frequency biomarker for patient selection across multiple tumor types can be challenging. Cancer 2013;119:3043—3051. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
CD3−NK1.1+ cells aid in the early induction of a Th1 response to an attaching and effacing enteric pathogen
Authors: Reid‐Yu Sarah A. , Small Cherrie‐Lee N. , Coombes Brian K. 
Published: June 2013

Extracellular attaching and effacing (A/E) pathogens including pathogenic Escherichia coli colonize the host gut causing diarrhea and inflammation. Although much is known regarding the pathogenesis of A/E bacteria, there remains an incomplete understanding of host immune responses to these microbes. NK cells are an important source of IFN‐γ and are essential for early innate responses to viral pathogens; however, their role during extracellular bacterial infections is still largely unexplored. We studied the host response to the murine A/E pathogen Citrobacter rodentium to investigate NK‐cell function during infection. NK1.1+ cell depletions and analysis of colonic intestinal inflammation following Citrobacter infection demonstrated that CD3−NK1.1+ cells play an important role in the initial clearance of C. rodentium, as evidenced by higher bacterial load, intestinal pathology, and crypt hyperplasia at the peak of inflammation in depleted mice. Loss of CD3−NK1.1+ cells resulted in lower colonic IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, and IL‐12, and a delay in homing of IFN‐γ+CD4+ T cells to the gut. Loss of this response resulted in lower anti‐C. rodentium IgG in NK1.1‐depleted mice. These data establish that CD3−NK1.1+ cells are critical for inducing an early Th1 response involved in clearance of a pathogen that is restricted to the gastrointestinal tract.
The influence of dilution on downstream channel sedimentation in large rivers: the Yellow River, China
Authors: Xu Jiongxin 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTDue to the temporal decoupling of water and sediment sources in a large river basin, a flood from a sediment source area with high suspended sediment concentration (SSC) may be diluted by flow from a major runoff source area with low SSC. In this paper, this dilution effect is considered for 145 flood events from the Yellow River, China. Two indices (β1 and β2) describing the dilution effect are proposed, based on water and sediment from the clear water source area and the coarse sediment producing area. Regression equations between channel sedimentation (Sdep) and β1 and β2 are established based on flood events and annual data, respectively. The results show that dilution reduces channel sedimentation in the lower reaches by 34∙1% and that this is related to a reduced frequency of hyperconcentrated flows in the lower reaches. The Longyangxia Reservoir for hydro‐electric generation has stored huge quantities of clear runoff from the upper Yellow River during high‐flow season since 1985, greatly reducing the dilution of the hyperconcentrated floods and therefore enhancing sedimentation in the lower reaches. For the purpose of reducing sedimentation, changing the operational mode of the Longyangxia Reservoir to restore the dilution effect is suggested. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx: Analysis of 145 cases with comparison to conventional squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Fritsch Valerie A. , Lentsch Eric J. 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundBasaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare subtype squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) that frequently occurs in the larynx. BSCC is generally considered an aggressive SCC variant; however, because of its rarity, most studies are underpowered to detect statistical differences in disease‐specific survival (DSS).MethodsUsing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, we compared clinicopathologic data and DSS between patients with laryngeal BSCC and SCC.ResultsPatients with relative SCC, those with laryngeal BSCC, presented with more advanced local, regional, and distant disease (p < .001). Patients with BSCC had worse DSS, regardless of stage, tumor location within the larynx (glottis/supraglottis; p < .001), or treatment received (p ≤ .052).ConclusionAnalysis of the largest laryngeal BSCC series to date (n = 145) demonstrates that BSCC carries a worse prognosis than conventional SCC of the larynx. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 164–170, 2014
Impact through time of different sized titanium dioxide particles on biochemical and histopathological parameters
Authors: Bruno Marcos E. , Tasat Deborah R. , Ramos Emilio , Paparella María L. , Evelson Pablo , Rebagliati Raúl Jiménez , Cabrini Rómulo L. , Guglielmotti María B. , Olmedo Daniel G. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractDue to corrosion, a titanium implant surface can be a potential source for the release of micro (MPs) and nano‐sized particles (NPs) into the biological environment. This work sought to evaluate the biokinetics of different sized titanium dioxide particles (TiO2) and their potential to cause cell damage. Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with 150 nm, 10 nm, or 5nm TiO2 particles. The presence of TiO2 particles was evaluated in histologic sections of the liver, lung, and kidney and in blood cells at 3 and 12 months. Ultrastructural analysis of liver and lung tissue was performed by TEM, deposit concentration in tissues was determined spectroscopically, and oxidative metabolism was assessed by determining oxidative membrane damage, generation of superoxide anion (O2‐), and enzymatic and non‐enzymatic antioxidants. TiO2 particles were observed inside mononuclear blood cells and in organ parenchyma at 3 and 12 months. TiO2 deposits were consistently larger in liver than in lung tissue. Alveolar macrophage O2‐ generation and average particle size correlated negatively (p < 0.05). NPs were more reactive and biopersistent in lung tissue than MPs. Antioxidant activity, particularly in the case of 5 nm particles, failed to compensate for membrane damage in liver cells; the damage was consistent with histological evidence of necrosis. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 1439–1448, 2014.
Jagged1 immobilization to an osteoconductive polymer activates the Notch signaling pathway and induces osteogenesis
Authors: Dishowitz Michael I. , Zhu Fengchang , Sundararaghavan Harini G. , Ifkovits Jamie L. , Burdick Jason A. , Hankenson Kurt D. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractTreatment of nonunion fractures is a significant problem. Common therapeutics, including autologous bone grafts and bone morphogenetic proteins, show well‐established limitations. Therefore, a need persists for the identification of novel clinical therapies to promote healing. The Notch signaling pathway regulates bone development. Clinically, loss‐of‐function mutations to the Notch ligand Jagged1 decrease bone mass and increase fracture risk. Jagged1 is also the most highly upregulated ligand during fracture repair, identifying it as a potential target to promote bone formation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a clinically translatable construct comprised of Jagged1 and an osteoconductive scaffold, and characterize its activity in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC). We first evaluated the effects of Jagged1 directly immobilized to a novel poly(β‐amino ester) relative to indirect coupling via antibody. Direct was more effective at activating hMSC Notch target gene expression and osteogenic activity. We then found that directly immobilized Jagged1 constructs induced osteoblast differentiation. This is the first study to demonstrate that Jagged1 delivery transiently activates Notch signaling and increases osteogenesis. A positive correlation was found between Jagged1‐induced Notch and osteogenic expression. Collectively, these results indicate that Jagged1 coupled to an osteogenic biomaterial could promote bone tissue formation during fracture healing. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 1558–1567, 2014.
Biventricular Tako‐Tsubo cardiomyopathy: Usefulness of 2D speckle tracking strain echocardiography
Authors: Vizzardi Enrico , Bonadei Ivano , Piovanelli Barbara , Bugatti Silvia , D'Aloia Antonio 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTTako‐Tsubo cardiomyopathy is a transient left ventricular apical ballooning syndrome also known as stress‐induced cardiomyopathy. This reversible cardiomyopathy without epicardial coronary artery disease mimics acute myocardial infarction. Right ventricular involvement, which has been infrequently reported, is present in about a quarter of cases of Tako‐Tsubo cardiomyopathy and is associated with a more severe clinical outcome. We report the case of a 55‐year‐old postmenopausal woman with transient biventricular apical ballooning. She recently had acute exacerbation of multiple sclerosis. Regional and global function of both ventricles was estimated using two‐dimensional speckle tracking strain echocardiography. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 42:121–124, 2014
Dentin erosion by whitening mouthwash associated to toothbrushing abrasion: A focus variation 3D scanning microscopy study
Authors: Lima Juliana P.M. , Melo Mary A.S. , Passos Vanara F. , Braga CÍcero L.N. , Rodrigues Lidiany K.A. , Santiago SÉrgio L. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to determine the erosive potential of hydrogen peroxide (HP) containing mouthwash on dentin assessed by Focus variation three‐dimensional (3D) microscopy. Twenty dentin slabs were selected and randomly allocated into two groups (n = 10): DW—Distilled water (pH = 7.27) and HP—1.5% (pH = 3.78). Each specimen was cyclically demineralized (4 × 60 s/day, 10 days) with HP or DW and brushed 3×/day (200 g, 150 strokes—toothpaste with 1,450 ppmF as NaF). Between the challenges, the specimens were exposed to artificial saliva. Afterward, dentin loss was analyzed using focus variation 3D microscopy, and the data were submitted to unpaired t‐test (α = 0.05). Statistically significant difference was found between the mean wear rate (μm, ±SD) of HP (1.98 ± 0.51) and DW (1.45 ± 0.39). The results suggest that the use of HP‐containing mouthwash associated to brushing may increase the risk of tissue loss and focus variation 3D microscopy may be used as a technique for quantifying dental wear. Microsc. Res. Tech. 76:904–908, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Correlation between transgen expression and plasmid DNA loss in mouse liver
Authors: Togashi Ryohei , Harashima Hideyoshi , Kamiya Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundTransgene expression from plasmid DNA is dependent on the expression efficiency per plasmid and the amount of intranuclear plasmid. In the present study, intranuclear dispositions of two types of plasmid DNAs (i.e. the pCpGfree and pLIVE plasmids) that maintain transgene expression in mouse liver were analyzed. In addition, the relationship between transgene expression and plasmid stability in the nucleus was examined.MethodsFirst, the pCpGfree and pLIVE plasmid DNAs, bearing the mouse secreted alkaline phosphatase (Seap) gene, were administered into mouse liver by the hydrodynamics‐based method. Next, various Seap‐plasmid DNAs containing different promoters, upstream and downstream sequences, and backbones were injected into mice, and both SEAP expression and plasmid DNA amounts were monitored for 28 days.ResultsAt the 14‐ and 28‐day time points, the amount of the pCpGfree plasmid DNA was one order of magnitude less than that of the pLIVE plasmid. Meanwhile, the expression efficiency per plasmid was one order of magnitude more efficient for the pCpGfree plasmid DNA. Moreover, the administration of various Seap‐plasmid DNAs revealed that negative correlations exist between plasmid stability and SEAP expression level.ConclusionsThe results obtained suggest that the pCpGfree plasmid is unstable from the viewpoint of quantity and maintains transgene expression by its high expression efficiency and also that transgene expression negatively affects the stability of plasmid DNA. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.