bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient brain lesion segmentation using multi‐modality tissue‐based feature selection and support vector machines
Authors: Fiot Jean‐Baptiste , Cohen Laurent D. , Raniga Parnesh , Fripp Jurgen 
Published: January 2013

SUMMARYSupport vector machines (SVM) are machine learning techniques that have been used for segmentation and classification of medical images, including segmentation of white matter hyper‐intensities (WMH). Current approaches using SVM for WMH segmentation extract features from the brain and classify these followed by complex post‐processing steps to remove false positives. The method presented in this paper combines advanced pre‐processing, tissue‐based feature selection and SVM classification to obtain efficient and accurate WMH segmentation. Features from 125 patients, generated from up to four MR modalities [T1‐w, T2‐w, proton‐density and fluid attenuated inversion recovery(FLAIR)], differing neighbourhood sizes and the use of multi‐scale features were compared. We found that although using all four modalities gave the best overall classification (average Dice scores of 0.54  ±  0.12, 0.72  ±  0.06 and 0.82  ±  0.06 respectively for small, moderate and severe lesion loads); this was not significantly different (p = 0.50) from using just T1‐w and FLAIR sequences (Dice scores of 0.52  ±  0.13, 0.71  ±  0.08 and 0.81  ±  0.07). Furthermore, there was a negligible difference between using 5 × 5 × 5 and 3 × 3 × 3 features (p = 0.93). Finally, we show that careful consideration of features and pre‐processing techniques not only saves storage space and computation time but also leads to more efficient classification, which outperforms the one based on all features with post‐processing. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Low‐Temperature Sol‐Gel Synthesis of Nanostructured Polymer/Titania Hybrid Films based on Custom‐Made Poly(3‐Alkoxy Thiophene)
Authors: Niedermeier Martin A. , Rawolle Monika , Lellig Philipp , Körstgens Volker , Herzig Eva M. , Buffet Adeline , Roth Stephan V. , Gutmann Jochen S. , Fröschl Thomas , Hüsing Nicola , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA low‐temperature route to directly obtain polymer/titania hybrid films is presented. For this, a custom‐made poly(3‐alkoxy thiophene) was synthesized and used in a sol‐gel process together with an ethylene‐glycol‐modified titanate (EGMT) as a suitable titania precursor. The poly(3‐alkoxy thiophene) was designed to act as the structure‐directing agent for titanium dioxide through selective incorporation of the titania precursor. The nanostructured titania network, embedded in the polymer matrix, is examined with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements. By means of the scattering technique grazing incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS), a high degree of crystallinity of the polymer as well as successful transformation of the precursor into the rutile phase of titania is verified. UV/Vis measurements reveal an absorption behavior around 500 nm which is similar to poly(3‐hexyl thiophene), a commonly used polymer for photoelectronic applications, and in addition, the typical UV absorption behavior of rutile titania is observed.
Photophysics of Silicon Phthalocyanines in Aqueous Media
Authors: Doane Tennyson L. , Chuang Chi‐Hung , Chomas Andrew , Burda Clemens 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPhthalocyanines have been used as photodynamic therapy (PDT) agents because of their uniquely favorable optical properties and high photostability. They have been shown to be highly successful for the treatment of cancer through efficient singlet‐oxygen (1O2) production. However, due to their hydrophobic properties, the considerations of solubility and cellular location have made understanding their photophysics in vitro and in vivo difficult. Indeed, many quantitative assessments of PDT reagents are undertaken in purely organic solvents, presenting challenges for interpreting observations during practical application in vivo. With steady‐state and time‐resolved laser spectroscopy, we show that for axial ligated silicon phthalocyanines in aqueous media, both the water:lipophile ratio and the pH have drastic effects on their photophysics, and ultimately dictate their functionality as PDT drugs. We suggest that considering the presented photophysics for PDT drugs in aqueous solutions leads to guidelines for a next generation of even more potent PDT agents.
Understanding Electronic Ligand Perturbation over Successive Metal‐Based Redox Potentials in Mononuclear Ruthenium–Aqua Complexes
Authors: Vaquer Lydia , Miró Pere , Sala Xavier , Bozoglian Fernando , Masllorens Ester , Benet‐Buchholz Jordi , Fontrodona Xavier , Parella Teodor , Romero Isabel , Roglans Anna , Rodríguez Montserrat , Bo Carles , Llobet Antoni 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA family of new ruthenium complexes containing a combination of polypyridyl and carbene ligands has been prepared and characterized from structural, spectroscopic, and redox viewpoints both experimentally and computationally. Interestingly, a correlation between ΔE1/2, defined as the difference between E1/2(RuIV/III) and E1/2(RuIII/II), and the activity and selectivity of some catalytic oxidation processes has been clearly established. A density functional theory study on the synthesized species has been carried out revealing a correlation between the number of carbene ligands and ΔE1/2, and consequently with the RuIII disproportionation. The reactivity of these complexes has been tested with regard to the electrocatalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol.
Comparison of the clinical effectiveness of different off‐loading devices for the treatment of neuropathic foot ulcers in patients with diabetes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Morona Judy K. , Buckley Elizabeth S. , Jones Sara , Reddin Edith A. , Merlin Tracy L. 
Published: January 2013

SummaryEffective off‐loading is considered to be an important part of the successful clinical management of diabetic foot ulcers. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the safety and effectiveness of different off‐loading devices for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. The medical literature was extensively searched from January 1966 to May 2012. Systematic reviews and controlled studies that compared the use of different off‐loading devices formed the evidence base. Studies were critically appraised to determine their risk of methodological bias, and data were extracted. Results were pooled using random effects meta‐analysis and tested for heterogeneity. When compared with removable devices, non‐removable off‐loading devices were found, on average, to be more effective at promoting the healing of diabetic foot ulcers (RRp = 1.43; 95% CI 1.11, 1.84;I2 = 66.9%;p = 0.001;k = 10). Analysis, stratified by type of removable device, did not detect a statistically significant difference between non‐removable off‐loading devices and removable cast walkers; however, on average non‐removable off‐loading devices performed better than therapeutic shoes at promoting the healing of diabetic foot ulcers (RRp = 1.68; 95% CI 1.09, 2.58;I2 = 71.5%;p = 0.004;k = 6). The two types of non‐removable off‐loading devices i.e. total contact casts and instant total contact casts (removable cast walker rendered irremovable by securing with bandage or lace), were found to be equally effective (RRp = 1.06; 95% CI 0.88, 1.27;I2 = 3.3%;p = 0.31;k = 2). In conclusion, non‐removable off‐loading devices regardless of type, are more likely to result in ulcer healing than removable off‐loading devices, presumably because patient compliance with off‐loading is facilitated. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solvent‐Controlled Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Uniform Eu:YVO4 Nanophosphors with Different Morphologies
Authors: Nuñez Nuria , Sabek Jad , García‐Sevillano Jorge , Cantelar Eugenio , Escudero Alberto , Ocaña Manuel 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA facile solvothermal route has been developed for the preparation of tetragonal europium‐doped yttrium orthovanadate nanoparticles (Eu:YVO4) and is based on a homogeneous precipitation reaction at 120 °C from solutions of rare earth precursors (yttrium acetylacetonate and europium nitrate) and sodium orthovanadate in ethylene glycol or ethylene glycol/water mixtures. The nature of the solvent has a dramatic effect on the morphology and crystallinity of the resulting nanoparticles. Polycrystalline nanoellipsoids (130 × 60 nm) were obtained in pure ethylene glycol, whereas quasispherical nanoparticles (100 nm) with monocrystalline character precipitated in ethylene glycol/water (7:3 by volume) mixtures. To explain these different morphological and structural features, the mechanism of particles formation was investigated. The effects of the doping level on the luminescence properties (emission spectra and luminescence lifetime) were also evaluated to find the optimum nanophosphors. Finally, it is shown that the luminescent efficiency of the quasispherical nanoparticles was higher than that of the nanoellipsoids; this can be related to differences in crystallinity and in impurity content.
From Magnetic to Nonlinear Optical Switches in Spin‐Crossover Complexes
Authors: Lacroix Pascal G. , Malfant Isabelle , Real Jose‐Antonio , Rodriguez Vincent 
Published: January 2013

AbstractVarious attempts to combine magnetic and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties in a molecule are reviewed, with a special focus on the possibility of interplay between the magnetic component and the quadratic ([prop] E2) NLO response. This multidisciplinary research leads to the idea of spin‐crossover‐induced (SCO‐induced) NLO switching and is evaluated at the synthetic level, with insights provided by computational chemistry. The need for nontraditional experimental setups to record NLO properties in the solid state is discussed.
N‐Methyl‐4,4′‐bipyridinium and N‐Methyl‐N′‐oxide‐4,4′‐bipyridinium Bismuth Complexes – Photochromism and Photoluminescence in the Solid State
Authors: Toma Oksana , Mercier Nicolas , Botta Chiara 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThree bismuth complexes based on N‐methyl‐4,4′‐bipyridinium (hMV+), (hMV)[Bi(hMV)Cl5] (1), and N‐methyl‐N′‐oxide‐4,4′‐bipyridinium (MVO+), [Bi(MVO)X4(dmso)]·dmso [X = Cl (2), Br (3)], are reported. All three compounds show luminescence in the solid state with maxima at 545 nm (yellow for 1) and 560 nm (orange for 2 and 3) with quantum yields up to 10 %. Upon UV irradiation, 1 undergoes a color change from white to blue accompanied by a reduction of the photoluminescence intensity. The analysis of the crystal structure of the three complexes points to a photoinduced charge‐transfer (PICT) process at the origin of the photochromism in 1.
The Effects of Ring Expansion and N‐Methylation on the Complexation Behaviour of Macrodinucleating Hexaaza‐Dithiophenolate Macrocycles: Destabilization of the CoIII Oxidation Level and Lowering of the Coordination Number
Authors: Lehmann Ulrike , Lach Jochen , Schleife Frederik , Jeremies Alexander , Kersting Berthold 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe preparation and characterization of 30‐membered hexaza‐dithiophenolate macrocycles H2L4–H2L6 with different degrees and patterns of N‐alkylation and their complexation properties towards cobalt are reported. Three dinuclear {[CoIII2(L4)(µ‐OH)]3+ (3), [CoIIICoII(L5)(µ‐OH)]2+ (4), [CoII2H2(L6)Cl2]2+ (5)} and one mononuclear complex {[CoII(L6)]2+ (6)} were obtained, isolated as ClO4– or BPh4– salts, and characterized by CHN analysis, ESI mass spetrometry, IR, UV/Vis, and NMR spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, magnetic susceptibility measurements (for 4–6), and X‐ray crystallography (3–6). In contrast to parent N6S2 macrocycles with diethylenetriamine linkers, which support only face‐sharing bioctahedral [Co2L(L′)]n+ complexes (L′ = bridging coligand), the new macrocycles show greater structural diversity enabling the formation of triply bridged complexes with octahedral CoIII,IIN3S2O (3, 4), non‐bridged dinuclear complexes with tetrahedral CoIIN2SCl (5), and mononuclear complexes with square‐pyramidal CoIIN3S2 (6) coordination environments. The increasing stability of the CoII oxidation level across this series of complexes is a consequence of the increasing degree of N‐alkylation coupled with a decreasing ligand‐field strength of the tertiary amine functions, as demonstrated by significant anodic shifts in the cyclic voltammograms of 3 and 4. The effective magnetic moments of the CoII ions in 4, 5, and 6 (4.67–5.23 µB) are significantly higher than the expected spin‐only value of 3.87 µB, indicative of an orbital contribution to the magnetic moment.
A Concise and Efficient Synthesis of Spiroketals – Application to the Synthesis of SPIKET‐P and a Spiroketal from Bactrocera Species
Authors: Tomas Loic , Bourdon Benjamin , Caille Jean Claude , Gueyrard David , Goekjian Peter G. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWe report the synthesis of spiroketals by sequence of enol ether synthesis and cyclization. The enol ethers were prepared from lactones by a Julia olefination reaction, and the starting chiral lactone was prepared from an industrial intermediate. This route is a concise and efficient way to synthesize naturally occurring and biologically interesting spiroketals. We used this sequence for the preparation of SPIKET‐P and a spiroketal from Bactrocera species.
Study of Bare and Mercury‐Coated Vibrated Carbon, Gold and Silver Microwire Electrodes for the Determination of Lead and Cadmium in Seawater by Anodic Stripping Voltammetry
Authors: Bi Zhaoshun , Salaün Pascal , van den Berg Constant M. G. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractCarbon, gold and silver microwires are revisited under vibrated conditions for detection of trace lead and cadmium in seawater. The Pb and Cd peaks fully overlapped on the bare gold and carbon electrodes and partially on the silver electrode. The sensitivity of all three was insufficient for detection in uncontaminated waters. Peak separation was obtained after coating with mercury (Hg). Only the Hg‐coated silver electrode is suitable when preplated. Limits of detection for Pb using the Hg/C and Hg/Ag electrodes (20–40 pM), and Cd (70 pM), are sufficiently low for Pb and Cd detection in seawater.
Voltammetric Determination of Boric Acid Using the Ternary Complexation System with Salicylaldehyde and H‐Acid
Authors: Takehara Kô , Fujimori Takao , Inagi Kei , Kajiwara Mari , Harata Yoshikazu , Yoshimura Kazuhisa 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA square‐wave voltammetric method for the determination of boric acid in water has been described based on the new understanding of the electrochemical behavior of boric acid‐Azomethine H complexation. Salicylaldehyde and H‐acid were used as the starting materials of boric acid‐Azomethine H complex and their concentrations were optimized for boric acid determination in water. A glassy carbon electrode, instead of a conventional mercury electrode, was used in the measurement. The detection limit of the proposed method was 0.10 mg B dm−3. The proposed method was successfully used for boric acid determination in the water from a seawater desalination RO plant.
Certificate‐based verifiably encrypted RSA signatures
Authors: Shao Zuhua , Gao Yipeng 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe RSA signature scheme is one of the most popular signature schemes to date. This paper proposes a certificate‐based verifiably encrypted RSA signature scheme that is the first to accomplish optimistic fair exchange of the standard RSA signatures. The main characteristic of this scheme is that the signer can unilaterally choose a certificate authority as his/her adjudicator in fair exchange. Then a certificate, or generally, a signature, acts not only as the binding of the public key and its holder but also as the certificate authority's guarantee against partiality in adjudication. We introduce a strong security model, in which there are three types of inside adversaries with more power than outside adversaries in previous verifiably encrypted RSA signature schemes. We then show that the proposed scheme is existentially unforgeable under the Discrete Logarithm (DL) assumption, the Computational Diffile‐Dellman (CDH) assumption, and the RSA assumption in the random oracle model. Because the proposed scheme can be directly used in the current Public‐Key Infrastructure (PKI) environment, it is more practical and trustworthy than the previous schemes in the real world. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of temperature on type approval testing of ballast water treatment systems
Authors: Drillet Guillaume , Schmoker Claire , Trottet Aurore , Mahjoub Mohamed-Sofiane , Duchemin Matthieu , Andersen Martin 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
To limit the risk associated with invasion of habitats by exogenous species, the International Convention for the Control and Management of the Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments was adopted in February 2004 and may soon enter into force. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has produced guidelines to assess the efficacy and reliability of Ballast Water Treatment Systems (BWTS), but no guidance on how to take temperature into account during test cycles has been provided yet. Temperature is one of the main factors influencing the distribution and ecology of organisms along latitudes. Its increase results in higher grazing, growth, and reproduction rates of zooplankton. Under dark conditions, phytoplankton loss is also increased due to faster natural decay as well as enhanced top down control from zooplankton. Increased temperatures also improve the efficacy of chemical treatment, whereas the decay rates of disinfectants and their byproducts are potentially accelerated. The IMO guidelines for the type approval of BWTS should be amended to include recommendations on how to take temperature into account. Failing to ensure comparability and reliability between tests may pose a threat to the environment and may create problems for those attempting to apply BWTS. We propose to use a fixed Q10 value and a temperature of reference to adjust the retention time in ballast water tanks during testing. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2013; 9: 192–195. © 2013 SETAC
Effects of the Early Prevention Program “Keiner FÄllt Durchs Netz” (“Nobody Slips Through the Net”) on Child, Mother, and Their Relationship: A Controlled Study
Authors: Sidor Anna , Kunz Elisabeth , Eickhorst Andreas , Cierpka Manfred 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe study investigated the effects of a German family‐supporting prevention program “Keiner fällt durchs Netz” (KfdN; “Nobody Slips Through the Net”) after the child's first year in the sample of 152 psychosocially stressed mothers and children who took part in this program and 150 mothers and children from comparison‐group families. The improved level of development posited in the children after intervention as compared to children from the comparison group was confirmed in the social development area (d = .35). In addition, mothers in the KfdN group judged their 1‐year‐old children to be less “difficult” compared to the assessments of the mothers in the comparison group (d = .24). Due to the intervention, the dysfunctionality of the mother–child interaction was reduced (mothers’ self‐assessment, d = .27). No intervention effects were found in for degree of maternal stress. The expected intervention effects in maternal sensitivity were not empirically confirmed. The results suggest that the KfdN intervention exerted a direct positive influence on childhood traits such as social development and temperamental “difficulty” and also positively influenced the mothers’ perceptions or attitudes toward their children's conduct.
Sleep and Attachment in Preterm Infants
Authors: Schwichtenberg A.J. , Shah Prachi E. , Poehlmann Julie 
Published: January 2013

AbstractInfants born preterm are at elevated risk for socioemotional difficulties; however, factors contributing to this risk are largely understudied. Within the present study, we explored infant sleep as a biosocial factor that may play a role in infant socioemotional development. Within a prospective longitudinal design, we examined parent‐reported sleep patterns and observed parenting quality as predictors of infant–mother attachment in 171 infants born preterm. Using structural equation modeling, we examined main effect and moderator models linking infant sleep patterns and parenting with attachment security. Sleep patterns characterized by more daytime sleep and positive/responsive parenting predicted infant attachment security. Parent‐reported nighttime sleep patterns were unrelated to attachment in this sample of infants born preterm. These results indicate that daytime sleep and parenting quality may be important for emerging attachment relationships in infants born preterm.
Satisfaction and Stressors in a Religious Minority: A National Study of Orthodox Jewish Marriage
Authors: Schnall Eliezer , Pelcovitz David , Fox Debbie 
Published: January 2013

The paucity of mental health studies with Orthodox Jews makes culturally competent counseling care unlikely. In this large‐scale investigation of marriage among Orthodox Jews, most respondents reported satisfaction with marriage and spouse, although satisfaction was highest among recently married couples. The most significant stressors were finances, communication, physical intimacy/sexuality, time pressures, and in‐law conflicts. Counseling interventions are discussed.La escasez de estudios sobre salud mental en poblaciones de judíos ortodoxos limita la posibilidad de ofrecer un cuidado de consejería culturalmente competente. En esta investigación a gran escala sobre el matrimonio entre judíos ortodoxos, la mayoría de los participantes indicaron satisfacción con su matrimonio y esposo/a, aunque la satisfacción fue mayor entre las parejas recién casadas. Los elementos estresantes más significativos fueron las finanzas, la comunicación, el contacto íntimo/sexualidad, la falta de tiempo, y los conflictos con la familia política. Se discuten intervenciones para la consejería.
Feasibility of capillary velocity assessment by statistical means using dual‐beam spectral‐domain Optical Coherence Tomography: a preliminary study
Authors: Daly Susan M. , Silien Christophe , Leahy Martin J. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe assessment of vascular dynamics has been shown to yield both qualitative and quantitative metrics and thus play a pivotal role in the diagnosis and prognosis of various diseases, which may manifest as microcirculatory irregularities. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an established imaging modality which utilises the principle of optical interferometry to distinguish between spatial changes in refractive index and thus formulate a multi‐dimensional representation of a specimen in vivo. Nonetheless, difficulties remain in obtaining accurate data (morphological and/or transient) in an environment which is subject to such large biological variability. In an effort to address the issue of angular dependence as with Doppler based analysis, a dual‐beam Spectral‐domain OCT system for quasi‐simultaneous specimen scanning is described. A statistical based method of phase correlation is outlined which is capable of quantifying velocity values in addition to the ability to discern bidirectionality, without the necessity of angular computation. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)