bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nocturnal loss of NOx during the 2010 CalNex‐LA study in the Los Angeles Basin
Authors: Tsai Catalina , Wong Clare , Hurlock Steve , Pikelnaya Olga , Mielke Levi H. , Osthoff Hans D. , Flynn James H. , Haman Christine , Lefer Barry , Gilman Jessica , de Gouw Joost , Stutz Jochen 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe chemical removal of NOx at night in urban areas remains poorly constrained due to uncertainties in the contribution of various loss pathways and the impact of the suppressed nocturnal vertical mixing. Here we present long‐path differential optical absorption spectroscopy observations of nocturnal vertical concentration profiles of O3, NO2, and NO3 in the lower atmosphere (33–556 m above ground level) measured during the CalNex‐LA 2010 study. Positive nocturnal vertical gradients of O3 and NO3 and negative gradients of NO2 were observed during the night. Relatively short lifetime of nocturnal NO3 (less than 1000 s) and high nighttime steady state N2O5 mixing ratios (up to 2 ppb) indicated active nocturnal chemistry during CalNex. Comparison of modeled and observed altitude‐resolved NO3 loss frequencies shows that hydrolysis of N2O5 on aerosols was the dominant loss pathway of NO3 and NOx. Based on this argument, the nocturnal loss rates of NOx, L(NOx), at different altitudes and averaged over the lowest 550 m of the atmosphere were calculated. The nocturnally averaged L(NOx) ranged between 0.8 and 1.3 ppb h−1 for the lower atmosphere with the L(NOx) for the first 8 days at about 1 ppb h−1. This number is close to the one previously determined in Houston in 2009 of ~0.9 ppb h−1. Comparisons between daytime NOx loss due to the OH + NO2 reaction and nighttime L(NOx) show that during CalNex, nocturnal chemistry contributed an average of 60% to the removal of NOx in a 24 h period in the lower atmosphere.
Observations of rock spectral classes by the Opportunity rover's Pancam on northern Cape York and on Matijevic Hill, Endeavour Crater, Mars
Authors: Farrand W. H. , Bell J. F. , Johnson J. R. , Rice M. S. , Jolliff B. L. , Arvidson R. E. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe Opportunity rover's exploration of the portion of the rim of Endeavour crater known as Cape York included examination of the sulfate‐bearing Grasberg formation and the Matijevic Hill region. Multispectral visible and near‐infrared (VNIR) Pancam observations were used to characterize reflectance properties of rock units. Using spectral end‐member detection and classification approaches including a principal components/n‐dimensional visualization, automatic sequential maximum angle convex cone method, and classification through hierarchical clustering, six main spectral classes of rock surfaces were identified: light‐toned veins, Grasberg fm., the smectite‐bearing Matijevic formation, the hematitic “blueberry” spherules, resistant spherules within the Matijevic fm. dubbed “newberries,” and the Shoemaker formation impact breccia. Some of these could be divided into spectral subclasses. There were three types of veins: veins in the bench unit of Cape York, thinner veins in the Matijevic fm., and boxwork pattern‐forming veins. The bench unit veins had higher 535 nm band depths than the other two vein subclasses and a steeper 934 to 1009 nm slope. The Grasberg fm. has VNIR spectral features that are interpreted to indicate higher fractions of red hematite than in the sulfate‐bearing Burns Fm. The Matijevic fm. includes both light‐toned, fine‐grained matrix, and dark‐toned veneers. The latter has a weak near‐infrared absorption band centered near 950 nm consistent with nontronite. Observations of Rock Abrasion Tool brushed and ground newberries indicated that cuttings from the RAT grind had a longer wavelength reflectance maximum and deeper 535 nm band depth, consistent with more oxidized materials. Greater oxidation of cementing materials in the newberries is consistent with a diagenetic concretion origin.
Simultaneous measurement of unfrozen water content and ice content in frozen soil using gamma ray attenuation and TDR
Authors: Zhou Xiaohai , Zhou Jian , Kinzelbach Wolfgang , Stauffer Fritz 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe freezing temperature of water in soil is not constant but varies over a range determined by soil texture. Consequently, the amounts of unfrozen water and ice change with temperature in frozen soil, which in turn affects hydraulic, thermal, and mechanical properties of frozen soil. In this paper, an Am‐241 gamma ray source and time‐domain reflectometry (TDR) were combined to measure unfrozen water content and ice content in frozen soil simultaneously. The gamma ray attenuation was used to determine total water content. The TDR was used to determine the dielectric constant of the frozen soil. Based on a four‐phase mixing model, the amount of unfrozen water content in the frozen soil could be determined. The ice content was inferred by the difference between total water content and unfrozen water content. The gamma ray attenuation and the TDR were both calibrated by a gravimetric method. Water contents measured by gamma ray attenuation and TDR in an unfrozen silt column under infiltration were compared and showed that the two methods have the same accuracy and response to changes of water content. Unidirectional column freezing experiments were performed to apply the combined method of gamma ray attenuation and TDR for measuring unfrozen water content and ice content. The measurement error of the gamma ray attenuation and TDR was around 0.02 and 0.01 m3/m3, respectively. The overestimation of unfrozen water in frozen soil by TDR alone was quantified and found to depend on the amount of ice content. The higher the ice content, the larger the overestimation. The study confirmed that the combined method could accurately determine unfrozen water content and ice content in frozen soil. The results of soil column freezing experiments indicate that total water content distribution is affected by available pore space and the freezing front advance rate. It was found that there is similarity between the soil water characteristic and the soil freezing characteristic of variably saturated soil. Unfrozen water content is independent of total water content and affected only by temperature when the freezing point is reached.
Bifunctional Squaramide Catalysts with the Same Absolute Chirality for the Diastereodivergent Access to Densely Functionalised Cyclohexanes through Enantioselective Domino Reactions. Synthesis and Mechanistic Studies
Authors: Martínez Jose I. , Villar Laura , Uria Uxue , Carrillo Luisa , Reyes Efraím , Vicario Jose L. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe have developed a procedure for the stereoselective and diastereodivergent synthesis of densely functionalised cyclohexanes containing four stereocentres through an asymmetric Michael‐initiated ring closure (MIRC) cascade reaction employing hydrogen‐bond catalysis, which is able to prepare adducts with different absolute configurations starting from the same starting materials. The overall process involves a highly diastereo‐ and enantioselective Michael/Henry cascade reaction between a wide range of nitroalkenes and α‐nitro‐δ‐oxo esters, allowing access to different diastereoisomers of the final adduct by introducing subtle changes in the general (R,R)‐configured bifunctional tertiary amine/squaramide catalyst structure. Moreover, this methodology is also amenable to a three‐component one‐pot procedure, leading to the formation of the same adducts with very good results directly from commercially available reagents, on a multigram scale, and employing a very low catalyst loading. Furthermore, a detailed experimental and computational study is described which shows the origin of the diastereodivergent behaviour of these structurally similar catalysts and the nature of the substrate–catalyst interaction.magnified image
Formation of a Dimer of Trinuclear Helicates which Encapsulates an Array of Six Hydrogen‐Bonded Anions
Authors: Faulkner Robert A. , Harding Lindsay P. , Higginson Joshua , Rice Craig R. , Slater Christopher 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe amine‐containing ligand L, composed of two bidentate pyridyl‐thiazole moieties linked by a 1,3‐diaminophenylene unit, reacts with copper(II) ions to form a dinuclear double helicate [Cu2L2]4+. Reaction of [Cu2L2]4+ with dihydrogen phosphate (0.5 equivalents) gives the unsaturated dinuclear double helicate [Cu2L2(OPO3H2)]3+. [Cu2L2(OPO3H2)]3+ further reacts with another 0.5 equivalents of dihydrogen phosphate to give a trinuclear circular helicate which then self‐assembles into a hexameric cluster [{Cu3L3(OPO3H2)3}]26+.
Synthesis of 2‐Aminoquinoline‐3‐carboamides and Pyrimido[4,5‐b]quinolin‐4‐ones through Copper‐Catalyzed One‐pot Multicomponent Reactions
Authors: Zhang Xin‐Ying , Guo Xiao‐Jie , Fan Xue‐Sen 
Published: October 2014

AbstractPyrimido[4,5‐b]quinolinones have attracted considerable interest from both chemical and medicinal scientists as these compounds display remarkable antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, antitumor, antiallergy, analgesic, and antioxidant activities. The importance of pyrimido[4,5‐b]quinolinones has stimulated enormous efforts to develop efficient methodologies for their synthesis. Herein, we disclose a novel synthetic protocol toward pyrimido[4,5‐b]quinolin‐4‐ones through Cu(OAc)2‐catalyzed one‐pot four‐component reactions of 2‐bromobenzaldehydes, aqueous ammonia, cyanoacetamides and aldehydes. The synthetic procedure combines amination/condensation/cyclization/dehydrogenation reactions in one pot, allowing synthesis of complex compounds in a simple and practical manner. Compared with literature procedures, the synthetic strategies developed herein showed advantages such as readily available and economically sustainable starting materials, structural diversity of products, good functional group tolerance, and a remarkably simple operation process.
Genetic basis of delay discounting in frequent gamblers: examination of a priori candidates and exploration of a panel of dopamine‐related loci
Authors: Gray Joshua C. , MacKillop James 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIntroductionDelay discounting is a behavioral economic index of impulsivity that reflects preferences for small immediate rewards relative to larger delayed rewards. It has been consistently linked to pathological gambling and other forms of addictive behavior, and has been proposed to be a behavioral characteristic that may link genetic variation and risk of developing addictive disorders (i.e., an endophenotype). Studies to date have revealed significant associations with polymorphisms associated with dopamine neurotransmission. The current study examined associations between delay discounting and both previously linked variants and a novel panel of dopamine‐related variants in a sample of frequent gamblers.MethodsParticipants were 175 weekly gamblers of European ancestry who completed the Monetary Choice Questionnaire to assess delay discounting preferences and provided a DNA via saliva.ResultsIn a priori tests, two loci previously associated with delayed reward discounting (rs1800497 and rs4680) were not replicated, however, the long form of DRD4 VNTR was significantly associated with lower discounting of delayed rewards. Exploratory analysis of the dopamine‐related panel revealed 11 additional significant associations in genes associated with dopamine synthesis, breakdown, reuptake, and receptor function (DRD3, SLC6A3, DDC, DBH, and SLC18A2). An aggregate genetic risk score from the nominally significant loci accounted for 17% of the variance in discounting. Mediational analyses largely supported the presence of indirect effects between the associated loci, delay discounting, and pathological gambling severity.ConclusionsThese findings do not replicate previously reported associations but identify several novel candidates and provide preliminary support for a systems biology approach to understand the genetic basis of delay discounting.
Chondrogenic differentiation of ChM‐I gene transfected rat bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells on 3‐dimensional poly (L‐lactic acid) scaffold for cartilage engineering
Authors: Xing Shuang‐Chun , Liu Yang , Feng Y. , Jiang Chen , Hu Yu‐Qiang , Sun Wei , Wang Xin‐Hui , Wei Zhi‐Yong , Qi Min , Liu Jing , Zhai Li‐Jie , Wang Zhi‐Qiang 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe have explored the role of Chondromodulin‐I (ChM‐I) in chondrogenesis of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in 3‐dimensional (3D) scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. BMSCs of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were cultured on poly‐(L‐lactic acid) [PLLA] scaffolds with different pore sizes (80–200 μm, 200–450 μm) with or without surface modification by chitosan. Cell viability, proliferation, and morphology were measured using confocal microscope and the CCK‐8 method. Untransfected BMSCs, BMSCs expressing pcDNA3.1(+), BMSCs expressing plasmid pcDNA3.1 (+)/ChM‐I were cultured on 3D scaffolds in standard growth medium or transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) supplemented chondrogenic induction mediumin vitrofor 3 weeks and the expression of collagen type II was determined. Cell‐scaffolds constructs were implanted subcutaneously for 3 monthsin vivo. BMSCs had a higher viability and proliferation in PLLA scaffolds of pore size 200–450 μm than that of 80–200 μm, and surface modification with chitosan did not enhance cell attachment. The ChM‐I gene enhanced chondrogenesis and increased collagen type II synthesis. Immunohistochemistry fromin vivostudy showed enhanced cartilage regeneration in BMSCs expressing pcDNA3.1 (+)/ChM‐I on 3D PLLA scaffolds. It also demonstrated that TGF‐β1 might promote chondrogenesis of rat BMSCs by synergizing with the ChM‐I gene. ChM‐I could be beneficial to future applications in cartilage repair.
Geniposide protects pancreatic INS‐1E β cells from hIAPP‐induced cell damage: Potential involvement of insulin degrading‐enzyme
Authors: Zhang Yonglan , Yin Fei , Liu Jianhui , Wang Yanwen 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIslet amyloid deposition is increasingly seen as a pathogenic feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with the deposits containing the unique amyloidogenic peptide islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP, also known as amylin). The fibril precursors of IAPP contribute to its cytotoxicity on pancreatic β cells and be important in causing β‐cell dysfunction in T2DM. However, the development of effective this study, inhibitors against the toxicity of IAPP has been extremely challenging. We have found that pre‐incubation with geniposide dose‐dependently prevented human IAPP (hIAPP)‐induced cell damage in INS‐1E cells, and bacitracin, an inhibitor of IDE activity, prevented significantly the protective effects of geniposide in pancreatic INS‐1E cells significantly. Geniposide induced the expression of insulin‐degrading enzyme (IDE), a key degrading protein of hIAPP, but had no significant effect on the aggregation of hIAPP. These findings indicate that geniposide prevents hIAPP‐induced cytotoxicity in INS‐1E cells involving upregulation of IDE expression.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of Alluaudite‐Type Na4Co(MoO4)3.
Authors: Nasri Rawia , Bourguiba Noura Fakhar , Zid Mohamed Faouzi , Driss Ahmed 
Published: October 2014

AbstractNa4Co(MoO4)3 is prepared by solid state reaction of Na2CO3, Co(NO3)2, and (NH4)2MoO4 in air (Na:Co:Mo = 3:1:3; porcelain crucible, 673 K, 1 d).
ChemInform Abstract: On the Crystal Structure and Physical Properties of the UFeSb2 Compound.
Authors: Goncalves A. P. , Henriques M. S. , Waerenborgh J. C. , Curlik I. , Il'kovic S. , Reiffers M. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe title compound is synthesized by arc‐melting of the elements followed by annealing at 750 °C (7 d) and characterized by powder XRD, Moessbauer spectroscopy, electrical resistivity, magnetization, and specific heat measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Ba3GeS5 and Ba3InS4Cl: Interesting Size Effects Originated from the Tetrahedral Anions.
Authors: Pan Ming‐Yan , Xia Sheng‐Qing , Liu Xiao‐Cun , Tao Xu‐Tang 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe new compounds Ba3GeS5 (I) and Ba3InS4Cl (II) are prepared by solid state reactions of BaCl2, BaS, and GeS or In2S3 with a small excess of BaCl2 as the flux (graphite crucible in evacuated silica tube, 1000 °C, 30 h).
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Dimensional Molybdenum Thiochlorides and Their Use in High Surface Area MoSx Chalcogels.
Authors: Islam Saiful M. , Subrahmanyam Kota S. , Malliakas Christos D. , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe new compounds α‐ and β‐MoSCl3 and MoSeCl3 are prepared by chemical vapor transport reaction of MoCl3 and elemental S or Se (sealed silica tubes, 48 h, 400 → 200 °C for α‐MoSCl3 and MoSeCl3 and 400 → 140 °C for β‐MoSCl3).
ChemInform Abstract: Structural, Magnetic and Transport Properties of 2D Structured Perovskite Oxychalcogenides.
Authors: Berthebaud David , Lebedev Oleg I. , Pelloquin Denis , Maignan Antoine 
Published: October 2014

AbstractCa2CuFeO3S, Sr2CuFeO3S, and the new compound Sr2CuFeO3Se are synthesized by solid state reactions using SrSe or SrS, SrO2, Cu, FeO, CaO, and S as starting materials (850 °C, 10 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Reduction of Prochiral Ketones with NaBH4/Me2SO4/(S)‐Me‐CBS.
Authors: Zhou Yuhan , Gao Guchao , Song Yuming , Qu Jingping 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBorane, generated in situ via reaction of NaBH4 with DMSO, is successfully applied to reduce prochiral ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselectivity of Intramolecular Rhodium‐Catalyzed C—H Insertion Reactions of α‐Aryl‐α‐diazocarboxylates: Influence of the Aryl Substituent.
Authors: Wamser Maximilian , Bach Thorsten 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWhile phenyl‐substituted substrates (I) yield cis‐configured γ‐lactones under the presented reaction conditions, ortho‐bromo‐phenyl‐substituted substrates (IV) yield trans‐configured β‐lactones instead.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild and Chemoselective Lactone Ring‐Opening with (TMS)ONa. Mechanistic Studies and Application to Sweroside Derivatives.
Authors: Lemoine Hugues , Markovic Dean , Deguin Brigitte 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe lactone ring opening allows a straightforward access to various hydroxy carboxylic acids including polyfunctionalized secoiridoid derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterogeneous Platinum Catalytic Aerobic Oxidation of Cyclopentane‐1,2‐diols to Cyclopentane‐1,2‐diones.
Authors: Reile Indrek , Kalle Sigrid , Werner Franz , Jaerving Ivar , Kudrjashova Marina , Paju Anne , Lopp Margus 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe aerobic oxidation of cyclopentane‐1,2‐diols is conducted under air.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Acceptorless Dehydrogenations: Ru‐Macho Catalyzed Construction of Amides and Imines.
Authors: Oldenhuis Nathan J. , Dong Vy M. , Guan Zhibin 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA ruthenium(II) PNP type pincer catalyst promotes formation of amides and imines from alcohols and amines via an acceptorless dehydrogenation pathway.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Hydrogenation Reactions with Rh and Ru Complexes Bearing Phosphine—Phosphites with an Oxymethylene Backbone.
Authors: Kleman Patryk , Vaquero Monica , Arribas Inmaculada , Suarez Andres , Alvarez Eleuterio , Pizzano Antonio 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe title ligands show good activity in Rh‐catalyzed hydrogenation reactions of olefinic substrates giving the corresponding products with enantioselectivities up to 96% enantiomeric excess.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation with Aminophosphines and Analysis of Electrical Characteristics of Rhodium(I) Complex/n‐Si Heterojunctions.
Authors: Aydemir Murat , Ocak Yusuf Selim , Rafikova Khadichakhan , Kystaubayeva Nurzhamal , Kayan Cezmi , Zazybin Alexey , Ok Fatih , Baysal Akin , Temel Hamdi 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe shown catalyst gives excellent conversions and shows the highest turnover frequencies.
ChemInform Abstract: NHC—Copper Hydrides as Chemoselective Reducing Agents: Catalytic Reduction of Alkynes, Alkyl Triflates, and Alkyl Halides.
Authors: Cox Nick , Dang Hester , Whittaker Aaron M. , Lalic Gojko 
Published: October 2014

AbstractHighly chemoselective NHC—copper‐catalyzed reductions of unactivated terminal and internal alkynes, as well as of primary alkyl triflates and primary and secondary alkyl halides are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Electrophilic Amination of Heteroarenes and Arenes by C—H Zincation.
Authors: McDonald Stacey L. , Hendrick Charles E. , Wang Qiu 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA broader substrate scope for direct heteroarene amination is achieved by C—H zincation and subsequent Cu‐catalyzed electrophilic amination.
ChemInform Abstract: TBAOH Mediated: An Efficient and Simple Procedure for Alkylation of Alcohols, Phenols and Thiols under Neat Aqueous Conditions.
Authors: Soleiman‐Beigi Mohammad , Kazemi Mosstafa , Aryan Reza , Shiri Lotfi 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBu4NOH is used as strong base, reaction medium, and phase transfer reagent.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Chiral Bidentate P,N‐Containing Ligands and Ruthenium(II) Complex. The Application in Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones.
Authors: Zeng Li , Wu Fang , Li Yan‐Yun , Dong Zhen‐Rong , Gao Jing‐Xing 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe applied catalyst is prepared in four steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Three in the Spotlight: Photoinduced Stereoselective Synthesis of (Z)‐Acyloxyacrylamides Through a Multicomponent Approach.
Authors: Garbarino Silvia , Banfi Luca , Riva Renata , Basso Andrea 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe synthesis of the title compounds in an operational simple reaction from a variety of diazoketones, isocyanides and carboxylic acids is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Intermolecular C—S Bond Formation: Efficient Synthesis of α‐Substituted Vinyl Sulfones.
Authors: Xi Yumeng , Dong Boliang , McClain Edward J. , Wang Qiaoyi , Gregg Tesia L. , Akhmedov Novruz G. , Petersen Jeffrey L. , Shi Xiaodong 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe first gold‐catalyzed Markovnikov addition of sulfinic acids to terminal alkynes is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Aryl Fluorides and Organozinc Reagents.
Authors: Zhu Feng , Wang Zhong‐Xia 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIt is found that NiCl2(PCy3)2 efficiently promotes the reaction of aromatic fluorides with organozinc reagents generated from ZnCl2 and alkyl‐ or aryllithium.
ChemInform Abstract: Single‐Step Oxidative Homocoupling of Aryl Grignard Reagents via Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) Complexes under Air.
Authors: Bhat Aparna P. I. , Bhat Badekai Ramachandra 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAmong the three tested title complexes, the Ni(II) complex (NIC) shows the highest catalytic activity and gives the best yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(II)‐N‐heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Application.
Authors: Cekirdek Suzan , Yasar Sedat , Oezdemir Ismail 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA wide range of different NHC ligands and Pd‐NHC complexes are synthesized and investigated for the Suzuki cross coupling reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Oxidative Ipso‐Carboacylation of Alkynes: Synthesis of 3‐Acylspiro[4,5]trienones from N‐Arylpropiolamides and Aldehydes.
Authors: Ouyang Xuan‐Hui , Song Ren‐Jie , Li Yang , Liu Bang , Li Jin‐Heng 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe general and radical unprecedented oxidative ipso‐carboacylation offers a new method to difunctionalize alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Catalyst‐Free One‐Pot Three‐Component Synthesis of Novel Spirooxindole Derivatives, and Their Cytotoxic Activities.
Authors: Han Chao , Zhang Tao , Zhang Anqi , Wang Dandan , Shi Weimin , Tao Jingchao 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA facile synthesis of spirooxindoles is presented and their cytotoxic activities are investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of β‐Allylbutenolides via One‐Pot Copper‐Catalyzed Hydroallylation/Cyclization of γ‐Hydroxybutynoate Derivatives.
Authors: Yamamoto Yoshihiko , Shibano Shinya , Kurohara Takashi , Shibuya Masatoshi 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe efficiency of the hydroallylation step depends on the environment around the (protected) alcohol moiety.