bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the vitreomacular interface in a French population‐based study (The MONTRACHET study: Maculopathy, Optic Nerve, nuTRition, neurovAsCular and HEarT diseases)
Authors: BOUCHE‐PILLON J , KOEHRER P , BINQUET C , TZOURIO C , BRON AM , CREUZOT‐GARCHER C 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To analyse prevalence and distribution of vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) in a french population over 75 years old within MONTRACHET study.Methods Three city study (3C) included 9294 subjects aged 65 years or more from three cities (Bordeaux, Dijon and Montpellier) in 1999. After a 10 year follow up, Dijon’s cohort had a complete ophthalmic examination in the MONTRACHET study. Vitreomacular interface (VMI) was analysed with a spectral‐domain OCT. VMA of each patient was classified according to the IVTS (International Vitreomacular Traction Study) criteria, defining the presence of vitreomacular adhesion (VMA), vitreomacular traction (VMT) isolated or associated with a foveal distorsion.Results One thousand one hundred fifty three subjects were included in the study, the median age was 84 [79‐99] years. Prevalence of vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) was 12.2%. VMA affected both eyes in 28.5% of cases (80 patients). The median size of the diameter of vitreous attachment to the macular surface was 1377 [50‐5639] µm. Attachment was focal (≤1500 ųm) for 52.3% of cases (147 eyes) and broad (>1500 ųm) for 47.7% of cases (134 eyes). Prevalence of isolated VMT was 0.9% (22 eyes) and was focal (<1500 µm) for all cases. Prevalence of lamellar holes was 0.6% (13 eyes) and macular pseudoholes was 0.2% (4 eyes). Prevalence of full‐thickness macular hole was 0.01% (2 eyes). ARMD (Age Related Macular Degeneration) was associated with VMA in 4 eyes (2.49%).Conclusion The analysis of vitreomacular interface (VMI) is interesting due to the emergence of enzymatic vitreolysis. These results provide new data in old population over 75.
Cystoid macular edema after epiretinal membrane surgery: Incidence, risk factors and evolution with treatments
Authors: LEROY B , CONART JB , SELTON J , HUBERT I , ANGIOI K , BERROD JP 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To report the incidence, the risk factors and the evolution after treatment of cystoid macular edema (CME) complicating epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery.Methods This study included 647 consecutive patients with ERM operated by 23‐gauge parsplana vitrectomy between January 2011 and July 2013. Combined phacoemulsification of the lens was performed in 71% of cases. Patients were considered as having a CME if they presented augmentation of central macular thickness with presence of cysts on OCT scans in the first year after surgery. Patients with history of retinal detachment, vein occlusion, uveitis, diabetic macular edema or neovascular AMD were excluded.Results The incidence of CME was 2.6% (16/605) occurring within an average time of 129 ± 101 days. Predictive factors were the presence of preoperative CME on OCT scans (p=0.04) and preoperative prostaglandin use (p=0.02). Combined phacoemulsification was not identified as a risk factor. Treatment consisted in topical applications of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) associated with dexamethasone and/or acetazolamide for a mean duration of 4 months. Intravitreal or subconjonctival corticoids injections were performed in 6 patients. A two‐line or more improvement in visual acuity was achieved respectively in 6 of 14 (43%) and 4 of 6 patients (67%). A dissipation of cysts on OCT scans was observed respectively in 4 of 14 (29%) and in 5 of 6 patients (83%).Conclusion The incidence of CME after ERM surgery was 2.6%. Preoperative prostaglandin use and preoperative CME were associated with an increased risk of postoperative CME. Treatment with NSAIDs was effective in about one third of patients, corticoids injections in 5 of 6 patients.
Brain pressure and glaucomatous and non‐glaucomatous parameters
Authors: JONAS J 
Published: August 2014

AbstractEyes with normal‐pressure glaucoma and eyes with high‐pressure glaucoma show a similar optic disc appearance with marked differences to eyes with vascular optic neuropathies. Non‐vascular, potentially barotraumatic, factors in addition to intraocular pressure (IOP) may thus play a role in glaucoma. Recent studies showed that (1) cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP), arterial blood pressure and IOP are correlated with each other; (2) higher CSFP is associated with younger age, higher blood pressure and higher body mass index; (3) some patients with normal‐(ÍOP)‐pressure glaucoma have abnormally low CSFP, and thus an abnormally high trans‐lamina cribrosa pressure difference, and a small orbital CSF‐space; (4) the orbital CSF‐space width is associated with CSFP; and (5) the estimated CSFP as compared to IOP correlated better with open‐angle glaucoma‐related parameters. The orbital CSFP as counter‐pressure against IOP may play a role in pathogenesis of glaucoma.
Ultrathin DSAEK vs. Conventional DSAEK: Results from a Dutch multicentre randomised clinical trial
Authors: NUIJTS R , DICKMAN MM , VAN DEN BIGGELAAR FJHM , BERENDSCHOT TTJM , VAN ROOIJ J , REMEIJER L , VAN DER LELIJ G , WIJDH RJH , VAN MARION FW 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe Dutch Ultra‐Thin DSAEK study is a multicenter randomized controlled study comparing the effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of precut ultra‐thin (<100 m) DSAEK with standard thickness DSAEK. Fifty‐eight adult patients with Fuchs endothelial dystrophy and no other visual limiting comorbidities were randomized to either ultra‐thin or standard DSAEK in four tertiary medical centers in The Netherlands. Preliminary (6 months follow‐up) outcomes, including: ETDRS best corrected visual acuity, refractive and topographic astigmatism, endothelial cell density, contrast sensitivity, straylight, complication profile, quality of life and vision related quality of life will be presented.
Semi‐automated quantification of the parafoveal capillary network in diabetic subjects
Authors: KAPSALA Z , PALLIKARIS A , MOSCHANDREAS J , TSILIMBARIS MK 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose The detection and quantification of the parafoveal capillary network in diabetic subjects using a novel semi‐automated computerized method.Methods Using the MatLab R2011a we developed an algorithm that detects automatically the parafoveal capillary bed in fluorescein angiography (FA) images. The detection starts after delineating manually the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in a cropped 1500μm subimage and hence excluding this area from the process. The algorithm calculates the capillary density in a 1000μm area measured from the centroid of the FAZ. The method was applied on high resolution FA images from 49 subjects (age=43±19years); 13 controls, 13 subjects with diabetes mellitus (type I or II) without diabetic retinopathy (DR) findings (no DR), 15 subjects with non‐proliferative DR (NPDR) and 8 subjects with proliferative DR (PDR). Using the statistical software SPSS (version 20) we assessed the mean capillary density for the mentioned subject groups.Results Capillary density in the mentioned area was found 0.86±0.17, 1.01±0.22, 0.67±0.25 and 0.76±0.30 degrees‐1 for the studied groups, respectively (p=0.003). The no DR group did not differ significantly from the controls and the only statistically significant differences were those between the following three groups; control‐NPDR, no DR‐NPDR and no DR‐PDR.Conclusion This semi‐automated algorithm could serve as a potential tool for detecting, classifying and monitoring automatically capillary abnormalities in this area. Our preliminary results indicate that the capillary density in the central 1000μm area varies among different DR stages. However, a larger sample is required to confirm these initial data.
FRO 2014: using targeted next‐generation sequencing to identify genes underlying keratoconus
Authors: VALGAEREN H 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis project is part of a larger PhD project which aims to unravel the molecular pathology of keratoconus (KC). During the first part of my PhD, the focus was placed on the identification of genes that underlie KC. Using whole exome sequencing of large KC families, 8 genes were identified that might be implicated in the disease pathogenicity. In this project, we will further establish the (causative) role of these genes in KC. We will develop a gene panel that will be screened in a population of approximately 750 KC patients and 750 ethnically‐matched healthy individuals using next‐generation sequencing (NGS). The comparison between both groups will allow identification of genes that are frequently mutated in KC patients. As these genes most likely play a role in the pathogenesis, identification of causative genes and their functional role in biochemical pathways will allow us to unravel the biochemical background of the disease, and form the basis for potential new forms of therapy.
Validation of a novel device to easy the preparation of endothelial graft for DMEK
Authors: MURAINE M , HE Z , TOUBEAU D , GUEUDRY J , THURET G , LEFEVRE S , GAIN P 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose The DMEK is the only technique for endothelial graft without interface. It is however difficult to perform, especially the preparation of the graft. We present in this study a new simple device facilitating the preparation of grafts for DMEK.Methods The device, named “Muraine Punch” is a circular trephine with a blade which was open in two places and a guard to 300 micronmeters deep. The blade was pressed against the endothelial surface so as to sever Descemet's membrane and cut part of stroma. The preparation of descemetic graft was then continued on an artificial anterior chamber using a 27 gauge cannula , reversed upwardly corneal endothelium. Three methods of assessing injury of endothelial cells (ECs) were then performed: 1 / conventional measurement of the endothelial cell density (ECD). 2 / laboratory measurement of the viable ECD by image analysis after staining of ECs by alizarin red, followed an counterstaining using Dioc 6 (cytoplasm) and Hoechst (nucleus). 3/ post operatory ECD of 47 patients.Results Histological analysis confirmed this “Muraine technique” offered a pure Descemet membrane grafts for DMEK. The ECD analysis showed consistent with that of the grafts for transfixant keratoplasty.Conclusion The new technique with “Muraine Punch” facilitates the preparation of grafts for DMEK and causes only a minimal cell loss.
Commercial interest
Development of new anti‐VEGF drug by SRPK1 inhibitor screening
Authors: MOROOKA S , OKUNO Y , HOSOYA T , HAGIWARA M , YOSHIMURA N 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose AMD is a major cause of blindness. Current therapy aims to suppress VEGF levels in order to prevent CNV, which causes AMD. Recently we found that SRPIN340, a specific inhibitor of SR protein kinase 1 (SRPK1) which phosphorylates Serine‐arginine‐rich (SR) proteins and regulates splicing and transcription, suppressed the expression of VEGF and CNV. Here we screened for more active SRPK1 inhibitors which suppressed CNV effectively than SRPIN340.Methods In‐silico screening; Structure‐based virtual screening (SBVS) was applied against the general chemical library, which include 71955 compounds. In vitro kinase assay; The reaction mixture was incubated at 30 °C for 15 min and detected the residual ATP was measured by Kinase Glow following the manufacturer’s instruction. VEGF ELISA; We added 10μM compounds or control to ARPE‐19 cells. The medium was collected 72 hours after the addition of the compounds. We evaluated the VEGF protein level in the culture medium by ELISA with manufacturer’s instruction. In vivo examination; The compound was intravitreally injected to laser CNV model mice immediately after laser photocoagulation. Seven days after laser injury, the mice were perfused with 1mL of 0.5% FITC‐labeled dextran. Flat mounts of RPE‐choroid complex were obtained and the area of CNV was measured by fluorescence microscopy.Results 11994 compounds were selected by SBVS, and we were able to obtain 9535 compounds among them. Next we screened by in vitro kinase assay and selected four compunds, which were named SRPIN801‐804. SRPIN(03 decreased the VEGF protein levels most effectively as measured by VEGF ELISA, and suppressed CNV growth in a dose‐dependent manner.Conclusion We obtained a new anti‐VEGF drug, which inhibits SRPK1 kinase acitivity.
Rapamycin down‐regulates REDD1 to blunt cell death: a potential way to maintain retinal ganglion cell function as in glaucoma
Authors: DEL OLMO AGUADO S , NÚÑEZ ÄLVAREZ C , OSBORNE NN 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Determine whether REDD1 is present the retina and located to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Moreover, to deduce whether siRNA silencing of REDD1 synthesis and/or rapamycin counteract insults to cells in culture.Methods Western blot, quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to show the presence and localisation of REDD1 in the rat retina and RGC‐5 cells (a cell line derived from the retina). REDD1 was down‐regulated in RGC‐5 cells by gene silencing (siRNA) methodology. RGC‐5 cells where REDD1 was silenced or not were subjected to insults of either cobalt chloride (CoCl2) or blue light, for defined times.Results REDD1 is present in the rat retina. Moreover, REDD1‐immunoreactivity is located to different retinal cell‐types but intensely concentrated to a many but not all RGCs. REDD1 is also present in the cytoplasm of RGC‐5 cells and appears not to particularly locate in mitochondria. CoCl2 or blue light insults to RGC‐5 cells resulted in cell death and an up‐regulation of REDD1. Loss of cell viability was significantly nullified in RGC‐5 cells exposed to rapamycin or where REDD1 was silenced. Moreover, rapamycin was not toxic to RGC‐5 cells even at high concentrations.Conclusion Evidence is provided to suggest that rapamycin can down regulate REDD1, part of the mTOR complex receptor mechanism. It is concluded that REDD1, present in RGCs, is activated when insulted as in glaucoma and that this process can be attenuated by use of rapamycin.
Macular Bruch's membrane defects in Hi
Authors: JONAS J , YOU Q , PENG XY , XU L , WEI WB , WANG Y , CHEN CX 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To examine prevalence and associations of macular Bruch's membrane defects (MBMDs) in a population‐based setting.Methods The Beijing Eye Study 2011 included 3468 subjects with an age of 50+ years. MBMDs were defined as an interruption of Bruch´s membrane on the OCT images in the macular region.Results MBMDs could be detected only in highly myopic eyes (≤‐6 diopters or axial length of ≥26.5 mm). Prevalence of MBMDs in the highly myopic group was 17/164 (10.4±2.4%). Mean axial length of eyes with MBMD was 29.6±0.3 mm. Best corrected visual acuity of <0.05 was found in 5 (29%) out of 17 eyes with MBMDs, and in 7 (41%) eyes, visual acuity was <0.3 and ≥0.05. In the MBMD region, RPE and choriocapillaris were completely lost, and the deep and middle layers of the retina and the choroid were almost completely absent. In the MBMD region, mean retinal thickness was 153±57μm (range 20‐234μm) and choroidal thickness was 12.7±28.1μm (range 0‐88μm). On the fundus photographs, MBMDs appeared as whitish areas with round borders and without signs of RPE and choroid except of large choroidal vessels. In multivariate regression analysis, presence of MBMD was significantly associated only with longer axial length (P=0.002; Odds ratio: 3.87; 95% confidence interval: 1.64, 9.14).Conclusion MBMDs with a prevalence of about 10% in highly myopic eyes are associated with a complete loss of RPE and choriocapillaris, an almost complete loss of photoreceptors and choroid, and marked reduction in visual acuity. Characterized by a whitish fundus lesion with round borders, MBMDs can be differentiated from a chorioretinal atrophic lesion with Bruch´s membrane present. MBMDs may be added to the panoply of features of myopic maculopathy.
Performance characteristics of multicolor versus blue light and infrared imaging in the identification of reticular pseudodrusen
Authors: AL MUHTASEB H , BADAL J , BIARNÉS M , MONÉS J 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To describe the appearance of reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) on multicolor imaging (MC) and to evaluate its diagnostic accuracy as compared with the two modalities considered the current reference standard, blue light (BL) and infrared (IR).Methods A retrospective study reviewing all multicolor images of a series of consecutive patients. Inclusion criteria involved the presence of > 1 RPD on a 30º x 30º image centered on the fovea as seen with the BL channel derived from the multicolor imaging of the Spectralis HRA+OCT ®. The diagnosis of RPD was confirmed by the identification of subretinal debris on a tracking‐assisted SD OCT Heidelberg. A 3.0 mm diameter circle divided in 4 fields (S, N, I and T) was overlaid on each image and manually centered on the foveola. Three experienced observers, masked to their own results with other imaging modalities, independently classified the number of RPD in each field in each image with each modality, according to this classification: Category 0: 0‐5 RPD ; 1: 6‐20; 2: 21‐35; 3: 36‐49; and 4: >50. Friedman and Wilcoxon tests were used for the comparison between different imaging modalities per field by the same observer. The kappa (K) coefficient was used to measure interobserver agreementResults MC and IR modalities showed higher sensitivity and interobserver agreement in RPD detection than BL. No clinically significant differences were found between multicolor and IR.Conclusion Multicolor imaging modality (the new index test) can play an important role in the identification, quantification and categorization of RPD when compared to the reference standard test (images of BL and IR), a result which is still the subject of much debate.
Prognostic factors for neovascular glaucoma after vitrectomy in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy: comparative study in the same person
Authors: LEE S , YEOM M , PARK J 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To investigate the prognostic factors for neovascularg after vitrectomy in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.Methods To evaluate intraindividual, interocular differences, eleven patients(22 eyes) who had undergone pars planavitrectomy for PDR and had only one eye neovascular glaucoma were retrospectively reviewed. They were underwent vitrectomy for PDR between March 2008 and July 2013 at Maryknol hospital.The clinical data on preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors for these patients’s eyes were compared each other. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon matched‐pairs signed‐rank (Mann–Whitney) test and Chi‐square test in order to evaluate the significance of differences within the groups of patients.Results Of the 22 eyes(11 patients), the mean age was 50.64±11.66 years(range27‐69)and the mean follow‐up period was 37±17months. The decrease of photopic b‐waves amplitude on preoperative electroretinogram was significantly correlated with the development of neovascular glaucoma after vitrectomy for PDR.Conclusion Our findings suggested that the decrease of photopic b‐waves amplitude on preoperative electroretinogram is considered an effective prognostic factorsfor the development of neovascular glaucoma after vitrectomy for PDR.
Complete retinal fluid resorption with low visual acuity in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) over the course of ranibizumab treatment: OCT analysis
Authors: PENAUD B , GIOCANTI‐AUREGAN A , LEVY O , CHAINE G , FAJNKUCHEN F 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Intravitreal ranibizumab injections in DME often leads to resorption of edema. Nevertheless, complete resorption of DME is weakly correlated with good visual acuity (VA). The purpose of our study was to investigate the anatomical OCT features of patients treated with ranibizumab for DME with low VA despite of complete dry retina.Methods We included in a retrospective fashion all patients over the course of ranibizumab treatment for DME at Avicenne Hospital (Bobigny, France) with a dry retina after treatment (central foveal thickness (CFT) ≤ 250 μm and presence of foveal pit). We analyzed the characteristics of outer retinal layers in spectral‐domain OCT (Optos OCT SLO) in case of low final VA (best‐corrected VA (BCVA) with dry retina < 5/10 after at least 3 injections).Results We included 40 patients. Complete retinal fluid resorption was achieved for 24 patients (60%). Among these patients, half of them (12 patients ie 30 % of our cohort) had low VA (group 1) and 12 patients had good VA ( group 2). Mean CFT was 713 μm in group 1 (G1) and 666μm (p = 0.64) in group 2 (G2). After treatment, mean CFT in G1 was 165 μm against 174 μm (p = 0.6) in G2. For all patients in G1, anatomical changes were noted on OCT pictures after treatment: loss or thinning of ellipsoid band (n = 6), atrophic cyst (n = 6), exudates (n = 3), epiretinal membrane (n = 2).Conclusion Insufficient improvement of BCVA after complete retinal fluid resorption happened in about 30% of patients over the course of ranibizumab treatment for DME, and was often associated in our study with alterations of outer retinal layers in SD‐OCT imaging.
Effect of a single intravitreal injection of anti‐VEGF agents on retinal arteriolar caliber in mini pig eyes
Authors: MANGIORIS G , PETROPOULOS I , MENDRINOS E , POURNARAS C 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose The aim is to investigate the short‐term effect of a single intravitreal bevacizumab, ranibizumab or pegaptanib sodium injection on the retinal arteriolar caliber in minipigs.Methods 15 eyes received an intravitreal injection: bevacizumab 1,25mg (n=5), ranibizumab 0,5mg (n=5) and pegaptanib sodium 0,3mg (n=5). The diameter of the retinal arterioles was measured in vivo with a Retinal Vessel Analyzer (RVA) every 15 minutes for 2 hours.Results After the injection of bevacizumab statistical significant vasoconstriction was reached 1h after injection (p< 0.01) and persisted until the end of the measurements (2h). Although there appears to be a trend towards vasoconstriction after ranibizumab injection, analysis of measurements indicate that statistical significance (p<0.05) is reached only 1h 30min following injection. After the injection of pegaptanib sodium injection revealed no vasomotor effect of the substance. (p>0.05)Conclusion The results suggest that intravitreal injection of anti‐VEGF that blocks all isoforms of VEGF, induces retinal vasoconstriction. Further studies with a larger number of subjects would be helpful in establishing more clearly the effect of intravitreal anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor treatment on retinal vessel diameters.