bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three‐octave band in‐phase power divider using loosely coupled microstrip lines and microstrip to slotline transitions
Authors: Ahmed U.T. , Abbosh A.M. 
Published: October 2015

A planar microwave in‐phase power divider operating over three‐octave frequency band is presented. The proposed device is composed of two main parts. The first one is a pair of microstrip–slotline–microstrip transitions introduced to match the impedances at the input port. The second one is a pair of loosely coupled microstrip lines with two isolation resistors to provide improved isolation performance at the output ports over a wide range of frequency band. The device has a compact area of 40 × 40 mm using the substrate RO4003C (dielectric constant of 3.38 and thickness of 0.406 mm). The simulated and experimental results of the developed device show three‐octave bandwidths (155% fractional bandwidth) with isolation >15 dB across the investigated band from 1 to 8 GHz. In addition, the device provides a <±2° differential phase between the in‐phase output ports across the whole frequency band.
Diversity of sharp-wave–ripple LFP signatures reveals differentiated brain-wide dynamical events
Authors: Ramirez-Villegas Juan F. , Logothetis Nikos K. , Besserve Michel 
Published: November 2015

Significance
Sharp-wave–ripple (SPW-R) episodes observed in the electrical activity of mammalian hippocampus are traditionally associated to memory consolidation during sleep but have been recently observed during active behavior. Their involvement in various cognitive functions suggests the existence of SPW-R subtypes engaged in distinct neuronal activity patterns at multiple scales. We use concurrent electrophysiological and functional MRI (fMRI) recordings in macaque monkeys to investigate this hypothesis. We discover several subtypes of SPW-R with distinct electrophysiological properties. Importantly, fMRI recordings reveal differences between the large-scale signatures of SPW-R subtypes, indicating differentiated interactions with neocortex, and contributions of neuromodulatory pathways to the SPW-R phenomenon. Understanding the detailed properties of hippocampal SPW-Rs at multiple scales will provide new insights on the function of memory systems.
The “Savvy Interpreter”: Performance and Interpretation in Pindar’s Victory Odes
Authors: Felson Nancy , Parmentier Richard J. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPindar’s epinikia challenge their original audiences to play the role of the “savvy interpreters” of these complex choral praise poems. Their interpretive skillfulness enables them to overcome obstacles purposively set by the poet. The ideal interpretation, an “entextualized” and overarching “metapragmatic interpretant,” is not static since these odes invite their hearers to vicariously travel alongside the deictically calibrated narrative ego and, equipped with insight drawn from interwoven exemplary myths and gnomic maxims, to insure that momentary praise for victors leads to their widespread if not immortal “glory” (kleos). The central argument of the article is that the odes develop an extended analogy between athletic prowess/victory and poetic excellence/performance that links the generation of kleos with the potential for recontextualized reperformances. This semiotically mediated “pragmatic” process is originally modelled by the poetic ego and then sequentially constructed and enacted/performed by savvy interpreters, including later readers.
Bayesian inference with historical data-based informative priors improves detection of differentially expressed genes
Authors: Li Ben , Sun Zhaonan , He Qing , Zhu Yu , Qin Zhaohui S. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMotivation: Modern high-throughput biotechnologies such as microarray are capable of producing a massive amount of information for each sample. However, in a typical high-throughput experiment, only limited number of samples were assayed, thus the classical ‘large p, small n’ problem. On the other hand, rapid propagation of these high-throughput technologies has resulted in a substantial collection of data, often carried out on the same platform and using the same protocol. It is highly desirable to utilize the existing data when performing analysis and inference on a new dataset.Results: Utilizing existing data can be carried out in a straightforward fashion under the Bayesian framework in which the repository of historical data can be exploited to build informative priors and used in new data analysis. In this work, using microarray data, we investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of deriving informative priors from historical data and using them in the problem of detecting differentially expressed genes. Through simulation and real data analysis, we show that the proposed strategy significantly outperforms existing methods including the popular and state-of-the-art Bayesian hierarchical model-based approaches. Our work illustrates the feasibility and benefits of exploiting the increasingly available genomics big data in statistical inference and presents a promising practical strategy for dealing with the ‘large p, small n’ problem.Availability and implementation: Our method is implemented in R package IPBT, which is freely available from https://github.com/benliemory/IPBT.Contact: yuzhu@purdue.edu; zhaohui.qin@emory.eduSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Probing cosmology with weak lensing selected clusters. II. Dark energy and f(R) gravity models
Authors: Shirasaki Masato , Hamana Takashi , Yoshida Naoki 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Ongoing and future wide-field galaxy surveys can be used to locate a number of clusters of galaxies with cosmic shear measurement alone. We study constraints on cosmological models using statistics of weak lensing selected galaxy clusters. We extend our previous theoretical framework to model the statistical properties of clusters in variants of cosmological models as well as in the standard ΛCDM model. Weak lensing selection of clusters does not rely on conventional assumptions such as the relation between luminosity and mass and/or hydrostatic equilibrium, but a number of observational effects compromise robust identification. We use a large set of realistic mock weak lensing catalogs as well as analytic models to perform a Fisher analysis and make a forecast for constraining two competing cosmological models, the wCDM model and f(R) model proposed by Hu and Sawicki (2007, Phys. Rev. D, 76, 064004), with our lensing statistics. We show that weak lensing selected clusters are excellent probes of cosmology when combined with cosmic shear power spectrum even in the presence of galaxy shape noise and masked regions. With the information from weak lensing selected clusters, the precision of cosmological parameter estimates can be improved by a factor of ∼1.6 and ∼8 for the wCDM model and f(R) model, respectively. The Hyper Suprime-Cam survey with sky coverage of 1250 degrees squared can constrain the equation of state of dark energy w0 with a level of Δw0 ∼ 0.1. It can also constrain the additional scalar degree of freedom in the f(R) model with a level of |fR0| ∼ 5 × 10−6, when constraints from cosmic microwave background measurements are incorporated. Future weak lensing surveys with sky coverage of 20000 degrees squared will place tighter constraints on w0 and |fR0| even without cosmic microwave background measurements.
What’s New in the Orthopaedic Treatment of Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Aversano Michael W. , Sheikh Taha Abdel M. , Mundluru Surya , Otsuka Norman Y. 
Published: October 2015

Background:
The orthopaedic treatment of the patient with cerebral palsy (CP) is complex and must take into account the heterogeneity and natural history of the condition. Although the goals of management are for the most part universal, the specific interventions and outcome measures used to reach these goals are wide ranging. This update serves to summarize some of the recent publications in the field of pediatric orthopaedics that have made important contributions to our understanding and care of the patient with CP.

Methods:
We searched the PubMed database using the following terms: “cerebral palsy” AND “orthopedic.” The results were then filtered to include only review papers or clinical trials published in English from 2010 to 2014. The obtained list of references was then reviewed for publications in the fields of lower extremity muscle imbalance, foot and ankle deformities, hip and acetabular dysplasia, and advances in orthopaedic-related technology.

Results:
Updates in the field of pediatric orthopaedics are constant and the current level of evidence for the effectiveness of specific treatment modalities in patients with CP was reviewed. The search method yielded 153 publications, of which 31 papers were identified as having contributed important new findings.

Conclusions:
Our understanding of orthopaedic treatments for children with CP continues to grow and expand. The studies reviewed illustrate just some of the strides we have taken in utilizing evidence-based surgical decision making in practice. Nevertheless, there remains a paucity of randomized controlled trials and higher evidence research, which may contribute to the variability in current practices among providers. By elucidating these gaps we can more purposefully delegate our time and resources into targeted areas of research.

Level of Evidence:
Level 4—literature review.
Utility of the AAOS Appropriate Use Criteria (AUC) for Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures in Clinical Practice
Authors: Ibrahim Talal , Hegazy Abdelsalam , Abulhail Safa I.S. , Ghomrawi Hassan M.K. 
Published: October 2015

Background:
The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) recently developed an Appropriate Use Criteria (AUC) for pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures (PSHF). The AUC is intended to improve quality of care by informing surgeon decision making. The aim of our study was to cross-reference the management of operatively treated PSHF with the AAOS-published AUC.

Methods:
The AUC for PSHF include 220 patient scenarios, based on different combinations of 6 factors. For each patient scenario, 8 treatment options are evaluated as “appropriate,” “maybe appropriate,” and “rarely appropriate.” We retrospectively reviewed the medical charts and radiographs of all operatively treated PSHF at our hospital from January 2013 to December 2014 and determined the appropriateness of the treatment.

Results:
Over the study period, 94 children (mean age: 5.2 y; 51 male, 43 female) were admitted with PSHF and underwent a surgical procedure (type IIA: 7, type IIB: 14, type III: 70, flexion type: 3). Only 8 of the 220 scenarios were observed in our patient cohort. The most frequent scenario was represented by a type III fracture, palpable distal pulse, no nerve injury, closed soft-tissue envelope, no radius/ulna fracture, and typical swelling. Of the 94 fractures, the AUC was “appropriate” for 84 cases and “maybe appropriate” for 9 cases. There was only 1 case of “rarely appropriate” management. Closed reduction with lateral pinning and immobilization was the most prevalent treatment option (58.5%). The rate of appropriateness was not affected by the operating surgeon. However, the definition of a case as emergent had a significant impact on the rate of appropriateness.

Conclusions:
Application of the AUC to actual clinical data was relatively simple. The majority of operatively treated PSHF (89.4%) were managed appropriately. With the introduction of electronic medical charts, an AUC application becomes attractive and easy for orthopaedic surgeons to utilize in clinical practice. However, validity studies of the AUC in different clinical settings are still required.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.
Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Gastrointestinal Malignancies Participating in Phase I Clinical Trials
Authors: Denson Aaron , Burke Nancy , Wapinsky Georgine , Bertels Barbara , Juan Tzu-Hua , Lee Jae , Springett Gregory M. , Strosberg Jonathan R. , Kim Richard D. , Sullivan Dan M. , Mahipal Amit 
Published: October 2015

Objectives:
Early-phase clinical trials play a pivotal role in drug development. However, limited data are available on outcomes of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients enrolled in phase I clinical trials. Here, we evaluated the characteristics associated with survival in GI cancer patients participating in phase I clinical trials and attempted to validate previously established prognostic models.

Materials and Methods:
All consecutive patients with advanced GI tumors who participated in phase I clinical trials at our institution from January 2007 to December 2013 and received at least 1 dose of the study drug were included. Cox regression models were used to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval.

Results:
In 243 study patients (median age, 62 y [range, 26 to 82 y]; 55% male), treatment included chemotherapy only (14%), targeted therapy (41%), chemotherapy+targeted therapy (42%), and others (2%) for the following disease types: pancreatic (42%), colorectal (34%), gastroesophageal (10%), hepatobiliary (13%), and others (2%). Response rate was 4%, with 38% achieving stable disease and 42% having progressive disease. Median survival was 5.8 months (range, 0.2 to 52.4 mo). Our multivariable Cox regression analyses included the following as predictors of survival: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score ≥1 (HR=1.76), prior systemic therapies ≥2 (HR=1.63), lactate dehydrogenase >618 IU/L (HR=1.85), sodium >135 mmol/L (HR=0.46), and white blood count >6×109/L (HR=1.5). Our data set was consistent with previous prognostic scores.

Conclusions:
This is the largest study to assess clinical outcomes in this patient population. Phase I trials provide clinical benefit to patients with advanced GI malignancies and should be recommended as a treatment option in appropriate patients.
Predictors of the Health-Promoting Behaviors of Nepalese Migrant Workers
Authors: Bhandari Pratibha , Kim MiYoung 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Background:
Health-promoting behaviors assist individuals to prevent disease, promote health, increase longevity, and enjoy a better quality of life. A number of interpersonal, social, and environmental factors have been shown to influence health-promoting behaviors. Little empirical evidence exists about the predictors of health-promoting behaviors among migrant workers.

Purpose:
This study uses Pender’s health promotion model to describe and identify the predictors of health-promoting behaviors in Nepalese migrant workers in Korea.

Methods:
A cross-sectional research design was used. Nepalese migrants who had been working in South Korea (n = 169) for over 6 months were surveyed between July and December 2012. Self-efficacy was measured using the Perceived Health Competence Scale, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II was used to measure health-promoting lifestyle behaviors, and perceived health status was measured using a single-item question. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze data.

Results:
Spiritual activity was the highest reported health-promoting behavior, whereas physical activity was the least practiced behavior. Self-efficacy was the only significant predictor of health-promoting behavior.

Conclusions:
The results of this study suggest that future health-promoting interventions should enhance the self-efficacy of target populations for individual health behaviors. Factors such as working conditions, culture, and economic background that may affect the health-promoting behaviors of migrant workers must be considered when planning nursing interventions. Multicultural nursing structures and policies are needed to reach out proactively to all adult migrant groups.
Celiac Disease and Double-Balloon Enteroscopy
Authors: Tomba Carolina , Sidhu Reena , Sanders David S. , Mooney Peter D. , Branchi Federica , Locatelli Martina , Roncoroni Leda , Conte Dario , Bardella Maria T. , Elli Luca 
Published: October 2015

Background:
Indications to double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) are not standardized in celiac disease (CD).

Goals:
To evaluate the clinical usefulness of DBE in complicated CD.

Study:
DBE findings in celiac patients with suspected small bowel (SB) complications were retrospectively evaluated in 2 tertiary referral centers (Milan and Sheffield). Demographic data of the studied cohort were compared with a database of 1000 noncomplicated CD patients.

Results:
Twenty-four CD cases (12 males, P=0.01 vs. controls) were reviewed. Mean age at CD diagnosis (y±SD) was 37±20 versus 27±18 and at SB evaluation 47±15 versus 38±13 (P<0.01 compared with controls). Indications for DBE were refractory CD (#9), gastrointestinal symptoms (#6), severe iron-deficiency anemia (#6), and long standing poor dietary adherence (#3). Two jejunal adenocarcinomas and an ileal neuroendocrine tumor were detected in presence of iron-deficiency anemia. Three type I and 3 type II refractory CD patients showed jejunal ulcerations; 2 of type II presented small white raised patches. Patchy atrophy was observed in nonadherent patients and in 2 on a gluten-free diet for a short time. Therapy was planned in 33% of patients after DBE. No adverse events were detected at follow-up [21 mo (range, 0 to 60 mo)].

Conclusions:
This is the largest international study on the outcomes of DBE in CD demonstrating its usefulness to exclude/confirm malignant or premalignant conditions, associated with even minor lesions. Studies are needed to understand the clinical relevance of the SB endoscopic features and to optimize DBE indications.
Crop diversity increases disease suppressive capacity of soil microbiomes
Authors: Peralta Ariane L. , Sun Yanmei , McDaniel Marshall D. , Lennon Jay T. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractMicrobiomes can aid in the protection of hosts from infection and disease, but the mechanisms underpinning these functions in complex environmental systems remain unresolved. Soils contain microbiomes that influence plant performance, including their susceptibility to disease. For example, some soil microorganisms produce antimicrobial compounds that suppress the growth of plant pathogens, which can provide benefits for sustainable agricultural management. Evidence shows that crop rotations increase soil fertility and tend to promote microbial diversity, and it has been hypothesized that crop rotations can enhance disease suppressive capacity, either through the influence of plant diversity impacting soil bacterial composition or through the increased abundance of disease suppressive microorganisms. In this study, we used a long-term field experiment to test the effects of crop diversity through time (i.e., rotations) on soil microbial diversity and disease suppressive capacity. We sampled soil from seven treatments along a crop diversity gradient (from monoculture to five crop species rotation) and a spring fallow (non-crop) treatment to examine crop diversity influence on soil microbiomes including bacteria that are capable of producing antifungal compounds. Crop diversity significantly influenced bacterial community composition, where the most diverse cropping systems with cover crops and fallow differed from bacterial communities in the 1-3 crop species diversity treatments. While soil bacterial diversity was about 4% lower in the most diverse crop rotation (corn-soy-wheat + 2 cover crops) compared to monoculture corn, crop diversity increased disease suppressive functional groupprnDgene abundance in the more diverse rotation by about 9% compared to monocultures. Identifying patterns in microbial diversity and ecosystem function relationships can provide insight into microbiome management, which will require manipulating soil nutrients and resources mediated through plant diversity.
The role of arXiv, RePEc, SSRN and PMC in formal scholarly communication
Authors: Li Xuemei , Thelwall Mike , Kousha Kayvan 
Published: November 2015

Purpose– The four major Subject Repositories (SRs), arXiv, Research Papers in Economics (RePEc), Social Science Research Network (SSRN) and PubMed Central (PMC), are all important within their disciplines but no previous study has systematically compared how often they are cited in academic publications. In response, the purpose of this paper is to report an analysis of citations to SRs from Scopus publications, 2000-2013.Design/methodology/approach– Scopus searches were used to count the number of documents citing the four SRs in each year. A random sample of 384 documents citing the four SRs was then visited to investigate the nature of the citations.Findings– Each SR was most cited within its own subject area but attracted substantial citations from other subject areas, suggesting that they are open to interdisciplinary uses. The proportion of documents citing each SR is continuing to increase rapidly, and the SRs all seem to attract substantial numbers of citations from more than one discipline.Research limitations/implications– Scopus does not cover all publications, and most citations to documents found in the four SRs presumably cite the published version, when one exists, rather than the repository version.Practical implications– SRs are continuing to grow and do not seem to be threatened by institutional repositories and so research managers should encourage their continued use within their core disciplines, including for research that aims at an audience in other disciplines.Originality/value– This is the first simultaneous analysis of Scopus citations to the four most popular SRs.
The effect of magnetic field on generalized thermoelastic medium with two temperature under three phase lag model
Authors: Othman Mohamed I. , Hasona W. M. , Mansour Nehal T. 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to introduce the Lord-Shulman (L-S), Green-Naghdi of type III (G-N III) and three phase lag (3PHL) theories to study the effect of a magnetic field on generalized thermoelastic medium with two temperature.

Design/methodology/approach
– The problem has been solved numerically by using the normal mode analysis.

Findings
– The problem is used to obtain the analytical expressions of the displacement components, force stress, thermodynamic temperature and conductive temperature. The numerical results are given and presented graphically thermal force is applied. Comparisons are made with the results predicted by 3PHL, G-N III and L-S in the presence and absence of magnetic field as well as two temperature.

Originality/value
– Generalized thermoelastic medium.