bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
[NaCl][Cu(HSeO3)2], NaCl-intercalated Cu(HSeO3)2: synthesis, crystal structure and comparison with related compounds
Authors: Kovrugin Vadim M. , Krivovichev Sergey V. , Mentré Olivier , Colmont Marie 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Single crystals of [NaCl][Cu(HSeO3)2] have been prepared by the chemical vapor transport reactions. Its crystal structure (monoclinic, C2/c, a = 13.9874(7), b = 7.2594(4), c = 9.0421(5) Å, β = 127.046(2)°, V = 732.81(7) Å3) is based upon electroneutral [Cu(HSeO3)2] sheets formed by corner sharing between the [CuO4] squares and (HSeO3) groups that are parallel to the (100) plane. Each (SeO2OH)– group forms the Oh1...O2 hydrogen bond to an adjacent hydroselenite group to constitute a [(SeO2OH)2]2– dimer that provides additional stabilization of the copper diselenite sheet. The [Cu(HSeO3)2] sheets alternate with the sheets consisting of zigzag–Na–Cl–Na–Cl–chains formed by Cl atoms and disordered Na sites. The chains are parallel to the c axis. The linkage between the alternating electroneutral [Cu(HSeO3)2] and [NaCl] sheets is provided by the Cu–Cl and Na–O bonds. The coordination of Na is fivefold and consists of three O and two Cl atoms. [NaCl][Cu(HSeO3)2] is a new member of the group of compounds based upon the M(HSeO3)2 layers (M2+ = Cu, Co, Cd). The prototype structure for this group is [Cu(HSeO3)2] that does not have any chemical species separating the copper hydroselenite layers. In other compounds, the interlayer space between the [Cu(HSeO3)2]0 layers is occupied by structural units of different complexity. [NaCl][Cu(HSeO3)2] can be considered as [Cu(HSeO3)2] intercalated with the NaCl layers consisting of one-dimensional–Na–Cl–Na–Cl–chains.
A Note on Kirchhoff’s Junction Rule for Power-Law Fluids
Authors: Marušić-Paloka Eduard , Pažanin Igor 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
We study a multiple pipe system filled with non-Newtonian fluid being in stationary regime and obeying the power law. Introducing the small parameter ε, being the ratio between the cross-section area and the length of the pipes, we find the effective flow via singular perturbation as ε tends to zero. The flow in each pipe of the system remains in the power-law Poiseuille form governed by the pressure drop between pipe’s end and the junction. Kirchhoff’s law providing the value of pressure at the junction point is derived, and its solvability is discussed. In the vicinity of junction, an interior layer appears, so we correct the asymptotic solution by introducing a non-Newtonian Leray’s problem. The error analysis is also provided.
Activation of nano-Ca2MnO4 for electrochemical lithium intercalation
Authors: Surace Yuri , Simões Mário , Karvonen Lassi , Battaglia Corsin , Pokrant Simone , Weidenkaff Anke 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTCa2MnO4 nanoparticles were prepared by the Pechini method and acid treated to extract Ca2+ ions. Structural, morphological and spectroscopic analyses by XRD, SEM/EDX, TEM/EDS and Raman revealed the formation of an amorphous outer layer at the particles surface with a preserved inner crystalline bulk. Thanks to the outer layer, which is electrochemically active, the acid-treated compounds showed capacity up to 150 Ah/kg. The crystalline bulk improved cycling stability, allowing reaching capacity retention up to 70% after 30 cycles.
POTENCIAL HÍDRICO-NUTRICIONAL DA ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA DE SUINOCULTURA NA IRRIGAÇÃO DO ALGODOEIRO CULTIVADO EM CONDIÇÕES SEMIÁRIDAS
Authors: Medeiros Salomão De Sousa , Perez-Marin Aldrin Martin , Santos Júnior José Amilton , Reis Cláudia Fancini , Gheyi Hans Raj 
Published: August 2015

Dada a importância social e econômica da suinocultura no Brasil, a mitigação dos impactos ambientais gerados por esta atividade é urgente e possui grande relevo ambiental. Neste sentido, o objetivo da execução deste trabalho foi avaliar a viabilidade do aproveitamento da água residuária proveniente da suinocultura sobre a produção de massa seca, absorção, acúmulo e recuperação aparente dos macronutrientes na cultura do algodoeiro. O estudo foi realizado em dois ciclos (período seco e chuvoso), na área experimental da CODEVASF, Bom Jesus da Lapa, BA, em 2007 e 2008. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições, totalizando 20 unidades experimentais; testou-se a aplicação de quatro proporções de diluições de água residuária tratada em água fluvial (AR100, AR75:25, AR50:50 e AR25:75) e um tratamento testemunha (T) - irrigado com água fluvial + adubação mineral. Concluiu-se que o aproveitamento da água residuária oriunda da suinocultura é viável como fonte de nutrientes e na ampliação da oferta de água para irrigação em regiões semiáridas, já que proporcionou o aumento da produtividade do algodoeiro, além de proporcionar efeito residual na melhoria da fertilidade do solo.
APLICAÇÃO DE REGULADORES VEGETAIS E DE FOSFITO DE POTÁSSIO EM MUDAS DE EUCALIPTO SUBMETIDAS À DEFICIÊNCIA HÍDRICA
Authors: Gonçalves Karoline Santos , Sousa Antônio De Pádua , Velini Edivaldo Domingues 
Published: August 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de reguladores vegetais e de fosfito de potássio em mudas de híbrido de Eucalyptus grandis vs. Eucalyptus urophylla submetidas à deficiência hídrica. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualisado com nove tratamentos e quatro repetições, em casa de vegetação no Núcleo de Pesquisas Avançadas em Matologia, pertencente ao Departamento de Produção e Melhoramento Vegetal da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP, localizada no município de Botucatu (SP). Cada parcela experimental foi composta por um vaso contendo 5 L de solo, no qual foi transplantada uma muda no estádio de 3 a 4 pares de folhas. Os tratamentos foram aplicados quando as plantas estavam uniformes e bem aclimatadas, via pulverização foliar, utilizando 50 mL de solução com a dose específica de cada regulador vegetal e do fosfito de potássio. A irrigação foi suspensa sete dias após a aplicação dos tratamentos. Cada tratamento constituiu-se de: 200 g ha-1 de ácido salicílico (AS), 200 g ha-1 de metil salicilato (MeS), 1000 g ha-1 de ácido jasmônico (AJ), 1000 g ha-1 de metil jasmonato (MeJ), 1000 g ha-1 de ácido dihidro jasmônico (DHJ), 1000 g ha-1 de metil dihidro jasmonato (MeDHJ), 5 L p.c. de fosfito de potássio e dois tratamentos testemunhas, sem aplicação de compostos, sendo um deles submetido à deficiência hídrica e o outro irrigado. As variáveis avaliadas foram: taxa de transpiração, taxa de transporte de elétrons (ETR) e teor de lipoperóxidos nas folhas. Os resultados obtidos mostram que o estresse por deficiência hídrica elevou os teores de lipoperóxidos e reduziu o ETR nas folhas de eucalipto, contudo a aplicação dos reguladores vegetais e do fosfito de potássio atenuaram os efeitos do estresse hídrico nas plantas, sobretudo nos tratamentos com o ácido salicílico e o fosfito de potássio. Palavras-chave: Eucalyptus, ácido salicílico, ácido jasmônico.
One Future Only. The Soviet Union in the Age of the Scientific-Technical Revolution
Authors: Guth Stefan 
Published: August 2015

One Future Only. The Soviet Union in the Age of the Scientific-Technical Revolution The present article focuses on the «Scientific-Technical Revolution» (STR), tracing the Soviet leadership's bid for the future throughout the post-Stalinist period and examining how it came to be challenged by the scientific-technical and literary intelligentsias of the country. I argue that what was claimed to be the main strength of official Soviet thought on the future – its holistic character – was also its most serious limiting factor. Unlike Western futures studies, which assumed a plurality of possible futures and stressed the need to strategically choose between them on the basis of preferences and values, orthodox Soviet theoreticians framed the prospective development of mankind in terms of a single future that demanded an all-encompassing vision. The resulting Soviet future discourse was unwieldy and restrictive, and left the Soviet Union ill-prepared to deal with the onslaught of «reflexive modernity» that reached the country in the 1970s.
Stateless Revolutionaries and the Aftermath of the Ottoman Great War
Authors: Provence Michael 
Published: August 2015

Stateless Revolutionaries and the Aftermath of the Ottoman Great War Commonplace European and American impressions of the Middle East focus on disorder and violence. But the Ottoman nineteenth century was less violent than in much of Europe or America. People everywhere experienced the emergence of the modern state and its claims on their resources, bodies, and consciousness. The story was similar in most of the eventual Great War belligerents: mass conscription, citizenship, education and indoctrination into the state, and its collective narratives characterised the long nineteenth century. After 1918 Britain and France partitioned the Ottoman State into more than a dozen new colonial and quasicolonial states. This event is the origin point of Middle Eastern disorder of the past century. Former citizens of the defeated Ottoman Empire did not accept partition and colonialism. The post-war Middle Eastern settlement was everywhere greeted with revolts and revolutions. But lost in the details of both colonial and postcolonial nationalist historiography of these movements, is the legacy of nineteenthcentury Ottoman modernity that both bound them together and facilitated their emergence.
Sensitivity and specificity of the treatment methods included in the standards of health resort treatment
Authors: Agasiyev A R 
Published: August 2015

Aim. To estimate the sensitivity and specificity of the treatment methods of health resort treatment according to standards of the Russian Federation.
Methods. A fourfold table was created using the data of standards and sensitivity, specificity and predictive value parameters of health resort treatments were determined. 10 groups of diseases: arterial hypertension, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, autonomic disorders, polyneuropathy, radiculopathy and plexopathy, urolithiasis, glomerular disease, liver diseases, gallbladder diseases, diseases of biliary tract and pancreas, diabetes mellitus, joint diseases. Comparison of therapeutic effects of recommended methods for the diseases was performed. The comparison was performed by the fourfold table scheme.
Results. Treatment methods were allocated to the following groups: (1) methods used in all patients irrespective of the main disease; (2) methods used at the majority groups of diseases with different frequency; (3) methods which were selectively administered in certain groups of diseases. It was shown that the existing treatment methods in a set of standards differ by sensitivity, specificity and predictive value, which is associated with insufficient differentiation of indications for their use.
Conclusion. While providing the health resort treatment, a choice of treatment methods by a doctor in charge considering the main and concomitant conditions plays the major role.
Mediation and moderation effect of the big five personality traits on the relationship between self-perceived malocclusion and psychosocial impact of dental esthetics
Authors: Spalj Stjepan , Novsak Alenka , Bilobrk Philipp , Katic Visnja , Zrinski Magda Trinajstic , Pavlic Andrej 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To explore the mediation and moderation effects of personality traits on the relationship between self-perceived malocclusion and the psychosocial impact of dental esthetics.

Materials and Methods:
The sample included 252 subjects (62% female) aged 12–39 years. Self-perceived malocclusion was estimated using the 10-point scale Aesthetic Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire was used to assess the psychological impact and the Big Five Inventory for personality traits. Moderation and mediation effects were evaluated with Pearson correlations and stepwise regression analysis, respectively.

Results:
Self-perceived malocclusion ranged from 1 to 8 and was the most significant predictor of psychosocial impact of dental esthetics, whose unique contribution accounted for 11%–36.4% of variability, while age and sex accounted for 1.2%–2.5%. Personality traits had no mediating effect on this relationship. The moderating effect of agreeableness was present in the relationship between self-perceived degree of malocclusion and Social Impact (SI), Psychological Impact (PI), and Aesthetic Concern (AC) (ΔR2  =  0.035, 0.020, and 0.013, respectively; P &lt; .001), while conscientiousness affected the relationship between perception of malocclusion and SI and PI (ΔR2  =  0.018 and 0.016, respectively; P &lt; .05). In people with lower agreeableness and conscientiousness, increasing the severity of self-perceived malocclusion leads to less increase in SI and PI. In people with lower agreeableness, the increase influences AC in a similar manner. Extraversion, neuroticism, and openness do not have a moderating effect.

Conclusions:
The relationship between self-perceived malocclusion and the psychosocial impact of dental esthetics appears to be moderated and not mediated by personality traits. Adolescents and young adults with lower agreeableness and conscientiousness seem to be less affected by the increased severity of self-perceived malocclusion, as demonstrated in reporting some psychosocial impacts.
Effects of Metformin on Metabolite Profiles and LDL Cholesterol in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Xu Tao , Brandmaier Stefan , Messias Ana C. , Herder Christian , Draisma Harmen H.M. , Demirkan Ayse , Yu Zhonghao , Ried Janina S. , Haller Toomas , Heier Margit , Campillos Monica , Fobo Gisela , Stark Renee , Holzapfel Christina , Adam Jonathan , Chi Shen , Rotter Markus , Panni Tommaso , Quante Anne S. , He Ying , Prehn Cornelia , Roemisch-Margl Werner , Kastenmüller Gabi , Willemsen Gonneke , Pool René , Kasa Katarina , van Dijk Ko Willems , Hankemeier Thomas , Meisinger Christa , Thorand Barbara , Ruepp Andreas , Hrabé de Angelis Martin , Li Yixue , Wichmann H.-Erich , Stratmann Bernd , Strauch Konstantin , Metspalu Andres , Gieger Christian , Suhre Karsten , Adamski Jerzy , Illig Thomas , Rathmann Wolfgang , Roden Michael , Peters Annette , van Duijn Cornelia M. , Boomsma Dorret I. , Meitinger Thomas , Wang-Sattler Rui 
Published: August 2015

OBJECTIVE
Metformin is used as a first-line oral treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Here, we aimed to comprehensively investigate the pleiotropic effects of metformin.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We analyzed both metabolomic and genomic data of the population-based KORA cohort. To evaluate the effect of metformin treatment on metabolite concentrations, we quantified 131 metabolites in fasting serum samples and used multivariable linear regression models in three independent cross-sectional studies (n = 151 patients with T2D treated with metformin [mt-T2D]). Additionally, we used linear mixed-effect models to study the longitudinal KORA samples (n = 912) and performed mediation analyses to investigate the effects of metformin intake on blood lipid profiles. We combined genotyping data with the identified metformin-associated metabolites in KORA individuals (n = 1,809) and explored the underlying pathways.

RESULTS
We found significantly lower (P &lt; 5.0E-06) concentrations of three metabolites (acyl-alkyl phosphatidylcholines [PCs]) when comparing mt-T2D with four control groups who were not using glucose-lowering oral medication. These findings were controlled for conventional risk factors of T2D and replicated in two independent studies. Furthermore, we observed that the levels of these metabolites decreased significantly in patients after they started metformin treatment during 7 years’ follow-up. The reduction of these metabolites was also associated with a lowered blood level of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C). Variations of these three metabolites were significantly associated with 17 genes (including FADS1 and FADS2) and controlled by AMPK, a metformin target.

CONCLUSIONS
Our results indicate that metformin intake activates AMPK and consequently suppresses FADS, which leads to reduced levels of the three acyl-alkyl PCs and LDL-C. Our findings suggest potential beneficial effects of metformin in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Evaluating innovation. Part 2: Development in neurosurgery
Authors: Schnurman Zane , Kondziolka Douglas 
Published: August 2015

OBJECT
Patients, practitioners, payers, and regulators are advocating for reform in how medical advances are evaluated. Because surgery does not adhere to a standardized developmental pathway, how the medical community accepts a procedure remains unclear. The authors developed a new model, using publication data and patterns, that quantifies this process. Using this technique, the authors identified common archetypes and influences on neurosurgical progress from idea inception to acceptance.

METHODS
Seven neurosurgical procedures developed in the past 15–25 years were used as developmental case studies (endovascular coil, deep brain stimulation, vagus nerve stimulation, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-l-nitrosourea wafer, and 3 radiosurgery procedures), and the literature on each topic was evaluated. A new metric the authors termed “progressive scholarly acceptance” (PSA) was used as an end point for community acceptance. PSA was reached when the number of investigations that refine or improve a procedure eclipsed the total number of reports assessing initial efficacy. Report characteristics, including the number of patients studied, study design, and number of authoring groups from the first report to the point of PSA, were assessed.

RESULTS
Publication data implicated factors that had an outsized influence on acceptance. First, procedural accessibility to investigators was found to influence the number of reports, number of patients studied, and number of authoring groups contributing. Barriers to accessibility included target disease rarity, regulatory restrictions, and cost. Second, the ease or difficulty in applying a randomized controlled trial had an impact on study design. Based on these 2 factors, 3 developmental archetypes were characterized to generally describe the development of surgery.

CONCLUSIONS
Common surgical development archetypes can be described based on factors that impact investigative methods, data accumulation, and ultimate acceptance by society. The approach and proposed terminologies in this report could inform future procedural development as well as any attempts to regulate surgical innovation.
Publication of pediatric residency research theses from Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
Authors: Jaruratanasirikul Somchit , Khotchasing Wassana 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Background
The Royal College of Pediatricians of Thailand requires that all its residents complete a full thesis before their final Thai Pediatric Board Examination. The Department of Pediatrics of the Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University (PSU) has been certified for pediatric residency training since 1985.

Objectives
To determine the number of articles published in medical journals that are based on the theses of residents during 25 years of pediatric resident training, and how long after finishing their residency training the articles were published.

Methods
Medical journal databases were searched for the names of former pediatric residents. The faculty staff who had supervised them during their training were asked to confirm whether the residents had published their work.

Results
During the 25 years (1988–2012), we found records of 34 articles based on the theses of 130 residents published in a medical journal (26%). In the early phase (1988–2002), 15 articles from 67 theses (22%) were published: 10 (67%) in Thai or regional English language journals, and 5 (33%) in international peer-reviewed journals. In the second phase (2003–2012), 19 articles from 63 theses (30%) were published: 6 (32%) in regional English language journals, and 13 (68%) in peer-reviewed international journals.

Conclusions
The publication rate of PSU pediatric residency research theses during the 25 years was 26%. We recommend that our faculty devote more time to ensuring supervision of the thesis writing component of the residency training to increase the publication rate of research theses by our residents.
RNASeq in C. elegans Following Manganese Exposure
Authors: Parmalee Nancy L. , Maqbool Shahina B. , Ye Bin , Calder Brent , Bowman Aaron B. , Aschner Michael 
Published: August 2015

AbstractManganese is a metal that is required for optimal biological functioning of organisms. Absorption, cellular import and export, and excretion of manganese are all tightly regulated. While some genes involved in regulation, such as DMT‐1 and ferroportin, are known, it is presumed that many more are involved and as yet unknown. Excessive exposure to manganese, usually in industrial settings such as mining or welding, can lead to neurotoxicity and a condition known as manganism that closely resembles Parkinson's disease. Elucidating transcriptional changes following manganese exposure could lead to the development of biomarkers for exposure. This unit presents a protocol for RNA sequencing in the worm Caenorhabditis elegans to assay for transcriptional changes following exposure to manganese. This protocol is adaptable to any environmental exposure in C. elegans. The protocol results in counts of gene transcripts in control versus exposed conditions and a ranked list of differentially expressed genes for further study. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Methane emission bursts from permafrost environments during autumn freeze‐in: New insights from ground‐penetrating radar
Authors: Pirk Norbert , Santos Telmo , Gustafson Carl , Johansson Anders J. , Tufvesson Fredrik , Parmentier Frans‐Jan W. , Mastepanov Mikhail , Christensen Torben R. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractLarge amounts of methane (CH4) are known to be emitted from permafrost environments during the autumn freeze‐in, but the specific soil conditions leading up to these bursts are unclear. Therefore, we used an ultrawide band ground‐penetrating radar in Northeast Greenland in autumn 2009 to estimate the volumetric composition inside the soil through dielectric characterization from 200 to 3200 MHz. Our results suggest a compression of the gas reservoir during the phase transition of soil water, which is accompanied by a peak in surface CH4 emissions. About 1 week thereafter, there seems to be a decompression event, consistent with ground cracking which allows the gas reservoir to expand again. This coincides with the largest CH4 emission, exceeding the summer maximum by a factor of 4. We argue that these complementary measurement techniques are needed to come to an understanding of tundra CH4 bursts connected to soil freezing.