bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving Job Safety Analysis (JSA) Quality through Leadership Coaching & Feedback
Authors: Ford Jodi L. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
In 2008, Chevron Upstream and Gas implemented a procedure called "Leadership Behaviors to support the Managing Safe Work (MSW) Process". The implementation of this procedure has shown that regular leadership engagement with field-based workforce has led to an increased use of Chevron's Stop Work Authority policy. We are also beginning to see a reduction in personal safety related incidents.
Annually, Chevron conducts a major incident study to identify incident root cause analysis trends across the corporation. The last several studies have identified, "inadequate Job Safety Analysis (JSA)/hazard analysis" as one of the top five most frequently cited root causes in the incident investigation reports that were reviewed. These circumstances led the Managing Safe Work community in Chevron Upstream and Gas to take the leadership engagement program one step further. We developed a JSA focused leadership engagement which incorporates a JSA review and feedback session with workers. The aim of the JSA focused engagement is to proactively improve the quality of JSAs through immediate, specific feedback and coaching. The JSA focused engagement was piloted in October 2011 through December 2011. This paper discusses the learnings from the pilot and the improvements the team has made to the focused engagements that we believe are a key to driving improved quality and effectiveness of JSAs in our operations.
Goals for Life - An Innovative Workplace Wellness Program
Authors: Canning Joel 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
With Australians spending approximately one third of their life at work, the workplace plays an important role in the physical, mental, economic and social wellbeing of workers and in turn, their families (1). The workplace has subsequently been recognized as a priority setting for health promotion by the World Health Organisation and Australian governments (2,3).
Changes to the way we work are contributing to inactive lifestyles and unhealthy living. Our workplaces have become increasingly inactive and it has now been shown that sedentary behavior is a risk factor for Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes independent of physical activity (exercise) levels (4).
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) continues to be the leading cause of mortality in Australia being responsible for 30% of all deaths (5)
Care and Concern for People We’ll Never Meet – Process Safety in the Design of the Wheatstone Platform
Authors: Stevenson Kevin 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
The design team for the Wheatstone offshore platform successfully deployed an ‘Inherently Safe Design’ (ISD) approach to engineering the gas processing complex. Through a program of initiatives focused on ISD, a substantial improvement in the safe design of the platform has been delivered.
Major accident events: Deepwater Horizon rig loss with Macondo well blowout: 11 people died and 17 seriously injured.Montarra well blow-out and loss of West Atlas rig: in Australian waters – resulting in one of the worst oil spills in Australia's history.Texas City Refinery explosion: 15 people died and almost 200 injured.
The Texas City incident in 2005 initiated the most detailed and far reaching investigation ever undertaken by the US Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB) at the time. The CSB report included a recommendation that BP form an independent panel to conduct a review of the company's corporate safety culture, safety management systems, and corporate safety oversight at its U.S. refineries. This independent review was conducted and a separate report known as the Baker Report was developed, with the key conclusion being that the process safety culture was deficient.
Effective Management of Endangered Species in Oil and Gas Operations
Authors: Fancony Preciosa , Abel Alan 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
During its recovery from war and the development of infrastructures, Angola has relied on the income from the oil industry to support the increasing demands for the reconstruction of its infrastructure and economy. The rapid growth of the oil industry in Angola was accompanied by a greater interest in environmental protection, specifically in areas of oil exploration and production operations. The Cabinda Gulf Oil Company—Chevron (CABGOC)—has implemented a successful environmental program to protect three endangered sea turtle species in its Angolan operational areas. The objective of the Malongo Sea Turtle Protection Program to mitigate the influence of the Malongo camp operations on the sea turtle nesting habitat of the olive ridley turtle (Lepidochelys olivácea), leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriácea), and green turtle (Chelonia mydas). The Health, Environment and Safety (HES) environmental team and a team of four surveyors (former Cabinda fishermen) used nest monitoring techniques and high-quality geographic information system (GIS) mapping capability to monitor the sea turtle nests in the 4 kilometers Malongo camp beach. Turtle monitoring included night patrols over a seven month period (September to April), counting nests, GIS mapping of all nests, relocating nests from areas of possible human disturbance, tagging and measuring sea turtles, monitoring hatching success, and releasing sea turtle hatchlings. Since its start in 2002, the program has registered over 1,000 nests, tagged and measured over 40 sea turtles, and released over 29,000 hatchlings to the sea. Additionally, a recent study of the Cabinda coast indicates that the Malongo program is currently the most successful sea turtle protection program in Cabinda in terms of nest hatching success, poaching protection, and documenting nesting patterns. This program has helped build partnerships with the community, oil industry partners, and the Environmental Ministry of Angola as well as increased public awareness on sea turtle protection.
ICS SYSTEM - Blowout Response
Authors: de Azevedo Maia Frederico , de Paula Lima Heitor Rodrigues 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
The Incident response of the oil industry is an activity that may represent a reduction of millions of dollars in loss, if an Incident happens, and an effective management system is of top importance to survive in this kind of business.
One of the most important emergency scenarios in this branch of industry is the loss of well control - blowout - in the drilling phase. The lack of effective well control during well drilling operations has the highest potential risk in the oil industry. This paper presents the methodology used for Incident Management in the well drilling phase, with focus on blowout. The methodology is based on the fact that Incident response has two important phases: initial and continued response. For the initial phase, where about 95% of incidents are resolved, a thourowly rehursed and sedimented First Response plans for the identified emergency scenarios, trained teams on this predefined response actions and the deployment of the associated resources are curxial.
For the continued response, when the actions pre-established for the First phase require adjustment, considering new dynamic variables present on the incident it will be necessary run a management system with capabilities to deal with this new complex enviroment.
For this second phase, the use of such management model for the Incident becomes a priority factor. The fact of the variables that are ocurring in the incident are difficult to predict, requires a management model to manage based on the information available, and should generate efective response actions.
Proactive Resilience Based Indicators: The Case of the Deepwater Horizon Accident
Authors: Øien Knut , Nielsen Liv 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
The opening of the Barents Sea for oil and gas exploration and development has been a controversial topic of social debate in Norway, particularly due to environmental and fisheries interests. A zero tolerance regime for oil spills has been introduced in this Northern Region, which means that every effort should be made to avoid oil spills. Eni Norge is presently developing the Goliat oil field in the Barents Sea and production is planned to start in 2013. The Goliat field is the very first production oil field in the Barents Sea.
SINTEF has developed a method for establishing proactive safety indicators for monitoring of risk of oil spills at the Goliat field. As all possible accident scenarios cannot be foreseen in advance, particularly with new challenges such as oil production in Arctic areas, Eni Norge needs to prepare for the unexpected. This is why a resilience perspective (i.e. capability of recognizing, adapting to, and coping with the unexpected) has been pursued in developing the safety indicators. The potential benefit of the proposed method has been demonstrated using the Deepwater Horizon accident as an evaluation case. The main difference from other similar work is the focus on coping with the unexpected – building on the research on resilience.
The information provided in this paper is applicable to any development and use of proactive safety indicators in the oil and gas industry. The first application – also used during the development of the method – is the Goliat oil field in the Barents Sea. The paper presents the conclusions from the evaluation of the safety indicator method using the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) accident as case. The evaluation shows the relevance of this resilience based method, in particular the general resilience issues being a central part of the method. It shows that indicators for the proposed general issues could have provided early warnings for the Deepwater Horizon accident. The significance of the work is the provision of (resilience based) proactive safety indicators to prevent accidents in the future.
Developing a Partnership between a Major Oil Company and the Scientific Community through the Involvement of a Corporate Foundation Dedicated to Biodiversity
Authors: Fournier Laure , Najib Muhammad , Miné Jacques , Colin Géraldine 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
1992 – The Earth Summit at Rio has ended. The call to action has sounded for an industrial Group with a large international scope. TOTAL makes the project a reality by creating, the same year, a corporate Foundation dedicated to the environment and specifically to marine biodiversity.
The aim of such a Corporate Foundation is to allow participation in activities that promote public and scientific interest, both outside the industrial and commercial areas of the Company.
The Foundation for Biodiversity of the Sea has continued its commitment in this area for nearly twenty years. In supporting programs to understand and preserve marine biodiversity, it has relied on three linchpins – biodiversity knowledge, protection of threatened species and ecosystems and public awareness, as well as a worldwide network of scientists.
Partnering to develop biodiversity scientific projects is of mutual interest to science and industry. Some examples of partnership or financial support to scientific projects linked to the inventory/protection of biodiversity are presented to illustrate the commitment and philosophy of TOTAL. These different initiatives will be described from the initial selection by a board of experts, the assessment of the initiative in progress and the establishment of scientific conclusions following the total completion of the initiative.
In 2008, alongside the Foundation has continued its strong commitment dedicated to marine biodiversity, it was decided to extend its philanthropic actions in other areas as health, community support and culture.
Solving an Acute Problem and Developing a Long-Term Sustainable Solution for an Operational Facility Supporting the Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Large Alex , Serra Jordi , Letlow Myna , Marczak Janette 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
An oilfield service company has been operating a site in Knowsley, Liverpool, UK for more than 20 years. The site was first developed during WWII as a Royal Ordnance Factory, and since that time has been used almost continually for the manufacture of specialty chemicals (including organic chemicals, organotin compounds, and lead-based compounds) by various companies.
Historical use and disposal practices have resulted in significant subsurface impacts including the presence of free-phase hydrocarbons (LNAPL) and mobile organotins within a complex geological and hydrogeological setting. Despite a number of efforts over the years to characterize and address site contaminants, issues remained and required clarification to resolve the regulatory roadblock that was preventing successful closure of the on-site remediation.
This case study presents the results of the recent successful efforts to develop a robust and defensible conceptual site model, highlighting the key lessons learned in terms of data assessment, integration and visualization. Two important areas of focus include: Engaging with the regulators on a pragmatic, risk-based approach to managing LNAPL remediation. This included developing a remedial strategy focused on understanding whether there are actual risks rather than the mere presence of LNAPL.Understanding the relationship and interaction of tributyl-tin (TBT) with LNAPL, where the LNAPL was acting as a preferential solvent, enhancing the mobility of the TBT. As such, the risks and any subsequent remedial solution could not be considered as two separate problems and an integrated strategy was developed.
The use of risk-based approaches, robust conceptual models and a detailed understanding of contaminant distribution are critical to the development of long term sustainable solutions to remediate contaminated sites.
An Innovative Approach for the Beneficial Reuse of Contaminated Sands and Cuttings from E&P Operations
Authors: Gioia G. , Cislaghi R. , Mastrapasqua A. , Mariani M. , Sandri S. , Germiniani E. , Battaglia A. , Dotelli G. , Zampori L. , Stampino P. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
This work is focused on identifying a scenario for the reuse of drilling cuttings and contaminated sands coming from Block 403A, in Algeria (ROM and ZEA fields operated by GSA), which are typical oil exploration and production wastes (e&p waste). The selected treatment was the Solidification/Stabilization (S/S) process using Ordinary Portland Cement as binder matrix and addressed the stabilization of Petroleum Hydrocarbon contaminants. The leaching of organic contaminants from stabilized waste product treated with Portland cement has been reported in some publications. Leaching test results have shown relatively high release of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon [1] and methanol 2-chloroaniline [2] and [3].
The mix design consisted in different concrete monoliths prepared to simulate the forms for the future waste reuse made of different ratios of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), waste -drilling cuttings (DC) or contaminated sands (CS), superplasticizer (SP) and fly ash (FA). A testing framework was applied to assess the mineralogical composition, microstructural features, leaching behavior as well as the mechanical and physical properties of the stabilized waste.
A mineralogical characterization of the cement pastes highlighted the presence of typical hydration products, along with the phase of anhydrous Portland Cement, which are probably related to the detrimental effects on the hydration process caused by contaminants. Microscopic observations suggested that the addition of fly ash should not result in performance improvement and that the cement pastes prepared using a lesser amount of water due to the addition of a superplasticizer exhibited the lowest porosity which strongly influence concrete performance. Organic contaminants are immobilized through a physical entrapment within the binder matrix and sorption onto the surface of binder hydration products given that no contaminants were measured into the eluates. Compressive strength grades measured on pastes prepared with superplasticizer are higher than the ones prepared without the water reducing admixture. Additional criteria to select the best recipe are related to the working applicability, sustainability and optimization of the production process at full scale.
Building Energy Efficiency into the Design and Retrofit of Facilities
Authors: Rowbottom Ronald , Kuykendall Dina 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Energy efficiency in building design is an ongoing and continuously evolving process as state-of-the-art technology and standards develop over time. To maintain best-in-class facilities, energy efficiency must be incorporated into the design of new construction, and based on the principle of continuous improvement for building standards and specifications. In addition to design principles for new construction, companies need to routinely review existing facilities to incorporate retrofits based on criteria such as return on investment, energy costs and reliability, life cycle replacement of existing equipment and structures, and greenhouse gas emissions along with other environmental impacts.
This paper describes the integration of sustainable building specifications and energy efficiency programs into both new construction standards and guidelines for facility retrofits. Critical aspects include: Developing sustainable building specifications to meet internal company requirements for new construction.Identifying energy improvement opportunities through energy audits and use of best management practices for facility retrofits.Conducting equipment life cycle analysis to calculate return on investment (ROIs) based on amortized annual cash flow projections.
The process is based on internationally recognized standards such as the ASTM International E60 standard "Specification for Minimum Environmental, Social and Economic requirements for Building and Promoting Sustainability".
Case studies are presented to illustrate how a company's energy reduction program began and evolved during a two-year period. An additional case study will highlight the application of retrofits at 67 facilities reducing annual energy consumption by 9.5 million kilowatt hours (KWh), eliminating 6,534 metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions, and reducing annual energy costs by USD $817,000.
The use of measurement and tracking tools is critical for determining energy reduction results and effects on carbon footprints. This paper also describes the company's tracking system and how the data is used for internal and external sustainability reporting.
Numerical Modeling of Thermal Plume and Residual Chlorine Fate in Coastal Waters of the Arabian Gulf
Authors: Febbo Eric , Kolluru Venkat , Prakash Shwet , Adenekan Adeyinka 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
A 3-dimensional hydrodynamic model was developed to simulate thermal mixing zones and predict the fate of residual chlorine and chlorination by-products (CBPs) from industrial cooling water discharged to a shallow coastal environment influenced by strong tides and winds (the Arabian Gulf). This model is novel since the individual and cumulative effects of cooling water discharges from several outfalls are estimated in a single simulation instead of requiring separate model runs for each outfall. For thermal discharge, size and configuration of the thermal plume emerging from cooling water outfalls was modeled using the concept of probability plume analysis. For CBP formation, comparatively little is known about their characteristics in saline waters. A comprehensive study was devised that included laboratory experiments to quantify the kinetics of residual chlorine loss and subsequent formation of CBPs in seawater as well as extensive field data collection and testing of Arabian Gulf seawater samples for chlorine and CBPs in the vicinity of the discharges. Equations to describe site-specific chlorine reactions were developed to replicate observations. This empirical approach takes into account the complexity of the reactions between organic precursors and chlorine, which usually involve several parallel pathways leading to a great variety of CBP formation products. Analysis of lab and field data obtained in this study has enabled calibration of a site-specific numerical modeling tool that can be used to study transport and fate of various constituents in the coastal area.
Challenges In Choosing And Setting Up An Environmental Accounting System
Authors: Husdal Knut , Hille Øivind 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Increasing reporting demands, audit trail requirements combined with a continuous focus on the environmental impact of operations are key drivers for operators to implement an environmental management and accounting system.
A variety of environmental data will have to be captured depending on geographical area, sensitivity, regulatory requirements and type of operations. This often becomes more detailed and complicated than first envisioned.
These are just a few of several challenges to be aware of when choosing and implementing an EMS and errors are often done.
This is a short walkthrough of the challenges in choosing and setting up an environmental accounting system together with the authors’ recommendations and alerts for potential pit falls. We have observed several expensive real world mistakes and we hope this paper can help operators avoid some of these mistakes in the future. It is based on the authors’ extensive experience in designing, setting up and implementing environmental accounting systems for 25 operating oil and gas companies in the North Sea.
Creating a Sustainable Supply Chain E & P Model
Authors: Overton Cindy 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Supply chain issues represent one of the largest potential risks to E&P businesses. There is no discrimination based on size, or which segment of the industry your business occupies.
Supply chain management is not new – to varying degrees it's the tool used to ensure critical production needs are met, costs are managed and processes are streamlined. With few exceptions, this is still largely managed as a procurement and cost control issue in the E&P sector. Consideration of SR issues widens the court, and demands a new approach.
Best practice models for supply chain management reside in retailing and certain elements of that model translate to our business. Globally, E&P companies must deal with social investment, capacity building and technology transfer, and security impacting supply and quality. Domestically the issues have a more traditional bent. Because the geographic impacts are so diverse, it's important to design a process that addresses the issues faced by your organization.
This paper evaluates how E&P businesses currently integrate SR into supply chain management and compares that with best practice. A second, and perhaps more important part of this paper looks at how a company gets from its current traditional supply chain approach to one that has integrated the organization's sustainability goals into its practices, ensuring the broader needs of the organization are met.
The models laid out in this paper can be applied to any organization interested in integrating supply chain issues into the SR process.
Companies that integrate SR issues into traditional supply chain management organizations will have better clarity with respect to risk potential and will be in a better position to manage or mitigate those potential risks.
This paper provides a roadmap for companies who want to raise the level of performance in their supply chain organizations by integrating SR into the content and frame the effort around best practice methodology.