bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2930 – Project Hinterland: The Way of the Steps and Thoughts
Authors: Papagni S.A. , De Matteis A. , Grosso A. , Puglisi R. , De Giorgi S. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Starting from the theoretical assumptions of Group Therapy, within the Department of Mental Health of Lecce, in the Center for Mental Health of Casarano it was experienced the “Project Hinterland: the way of the steps and thoughts”.Objectives:The “Project Hinterland: the way of the steps and thoughts”, through a group activity, was aimed to provide a undergoing reorganization of the gap between inner and outer world, characteristic of the mental disorder.Methods:-Conductors: psychiatrist and psychologist-Sample: 9 schizophrenic patients-Duration: 12 monthsPhases of the project:1.Exposure of the project and identification of individual interests2.Identification of journey and collection of information about it3.Excursion on the sites identified4.Sharing emotions and thoughts related with the experience of excursionRating scales:-Clinical Global Impression (CGI) at baseline and 12 months-Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36): at baseline and at 12 monthsResults:Significant reduction in mean scores in all areas of the CGI and the SF-36.Conclusions:Knowledge of the territory of belonging has reinforced the cultural and social identity of participants favoring the appropriation of their life contexts. The integration between cognitive space and motor activity has encouraged the perception of emotions related to it. The group activity has positively stimulated socialization longer valid and closer to the needs of the patient.
2931 – Community Car: Anecdotal Report and Insights for Planning
Authors: Amin-Selim Y. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:The specific content of community care is not clearly articulated and services are described as diffuse. Community psychiatric service is reported to be virtually invisible. This study describes the characteristics of a community care population with severe enduring mental illness who are subject to case management in a point of time (October 2009 to March 2010).Objectives:The objectives are to screen the main services offered to them.Aim:The aim to identify the main trends in relation gender differences in making use of the services.Method:The screening is done using a specially designed instrument covering in addition to demographics clinical correlates and profiles of services offered.Results:The patients are subject to two tiers of case mananagement namely the out reach and the traditional care. The general profile of cases demonstrates high morbidity and social disability. Gender differences are identified in relation to diagnoses, level of engagement and profile of risk. Though male subjects are more morbid and more socially disabled they make less use of services compared to females. The highest frequency of risk was self neglect.Conclusion:Special therapeutic strategies are needed to be tailored to the high morbidity of schizophrenia and high prevalence of comorbidity. Gender differences are to be considered in service designs. Regular access to guidance from tertiary services particularly in relation to addiction rehabiliation and forensic could assist to address the complex needs.
2942 – Anxiety and Depression Among Parents of Children with Mental Retardation
Authors: Dogar I.A. , Azeem M.W. , Shah S. , Cheema M.A. , Asmat A. 
Published: July 2013

Background:Studies have shown an association between parental anxiety and depression, and caretaking of children with developmental cognitive delays. There is little data in developing countries, such as Pakistan, concerning the impact of raising children with Mental Retardation, upon the quality of parent functioning and risk for psychopathology.Objective:To evaluate for anxiety and depression among parents of children with Mental Retardation (MR).Methods:This was a prospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Participants were 198 parents (99 fathers/99 mothers) of 100 children with the diagnosis of MR. The parents were assess for anxiety and depression using DSM IV criteria. Informed consent was obtained. The study was approved by the Institutional Research Committee.Results:Significantly high proportion (p-value = 0.024) of mothers (89%) had anxiety, depression or both anxiety and depression together as compared to fathers (77%). Among mothers, 35% met criteria for anxiety, 40% for depression and 13% for both anxiety and depression. Among fathers 42% had anxiety, 31% depression and 3% both anxiety and depression. There was a significant association (Pvalue = 0.027) between gender of parent and individual psychiatric diagnosis of anxiety, depression and anxiety and depression together. A significant association (pvalue = < 0.043) was also found between mother's anxiety, depression or both and degree of mental retardation of their children.Conclusions:1.Parents of children with MR are at higher risk for anxiety, depression or both, needing mental health assessment.2.There was correlation between mother's anxiety, depression or both and level of MR among children.
2956 – The who European Mental Health Action Plan
Authors: Muijen M. 
Published: July 2013

During the last few years the economic crisis has focused attention on the dual need to protect the wellbeing of the population and safeguard the care and treatment of people with mental disorders. Many countries are facing budget cuts, resulting in higher rates of unemployment, which is associated with depression and suicide. Countries are also committed to reform in mental health. This commitment is attributable to a combination of the aim to stop obsolete institutional forms of care, awareness of modern and effective forms of treatment, concerns about human rights and a stronger voice of advocacy groups. This combination of factors is raising the priority of mental health, and in response the WHO Regional Office for Europe is drafting the European Mental Health Action Plan, outlining strategic objectives to address the need for effective and efficient mental health promotion and for the prevention and treatment of mental disorders. The European Action Plan is developed in close cooperation with the Global Action Plan.The European Mental Health Action Plan puts forward actions that have the potential to improve wellbeing of populations and access and quality of services. Particular emphasis is given to the point that service structure, however excellent, is necessary but on its own insufficient. Safety, effectiveness and absence of stigma as experienced by patients and their families will determine acceptability and outcome of care.This is an important time to advocate for sustained investment in mental health care. The European Action Plan offers a platform for such consensus.
2965 – How to Assess and Study Treatment Adherence in Schizophrenia? The Influence of Clinical Trial Design on Adherence Outcome Measures
Authors: Correll C. 
Published: July 2013

The primary goals of maintenance treatment in schizophrenia are sustained symptomatic control, relapse prevention, and delaying functional and cognitive decline.1 Successful pharmacotherapy is dependent on several factors including efficacy, therapeutic alliance, availability of optimal dosages and formulations, treatment adherence, and a low side-effect burden. New long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations of atypical antipsychotics have been developed to address suboptimal therapy outcomes by enhancing drug delivery, assuring efficacy of treatment, reducing side effects, and improving compliance.2 Evidence differentiating the effectiveness of oral vs. long-acting antipsychotics is difficult to obtain in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) where adherence to both is optimized.RCTs are designed to establish clinical efficacy in an “ideal” setting in which medication adherence is controlled and highly regulated.3 However, RCTs cannot by definition assess treatment effectiveness. Conversely, naturalistic studies that mimic clinical practice are more likely to uncover real-world effectiveness differences of different treatment options. Research has demonstrated major benefits of LAIs in naturalistic studies, including large, nationwide cohort studies and mirror-image studies where patients serve as their own controls. Results from these trials are likely to be underestimated in RCTs owing to stringent inclusion criteria, frequent clinic visits and direct provision of medications.4 Therefore, data from meta-analyses can be misleading if the trial design is not considered in the interpretation of the results.5 Furthermore, naturalistic studies can more accurately assess the consequences for patients with regards to relapse and rehospitalization rates. Therefore, clinicians have to be aware of the origin of data and its impact on the results before making treatment decisions.The current presentation will critically review data from 3 meta-analyses comparing LAIs with oral antipsychotics, exploring how to interpret the data from different trial designs in the context of unmet patient needs, and how the results from differential designs may impact treatment outcomes.
2966 – Understanding the Non-adherence and how to Improve it
Authors: Llorca P.-M. 
Published: July 2013

Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder with onset of symptoms typically occurring in early adulthood, and requires lifelong treatment. Treatment goals for the long-term management of this debilitating disorder include sustained symptom remission and control, maintaining or improving patient level of functioning and quality of life, prevention of relapse, and continued monitoring for adverse events, as well as sustained adherence to medication.1 Poor adherence to medication is multifactorial and presents a major challenge in the long-term management of schizophrenia. in fact, rates of non-adherence and of partial compliance to antipsychotic medication are high and are associated with a significantly increased risk of relapse, hospitalization, and the potential for progressive functional impairment, resulting in increased morbidity and high healthcare costs.2,3 Thus, recognizing and managing non-adherence with the latest treatment advances has the potential to benefit patients as well as their families.One possible solution to the challenge of non-adherence is the availability of long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations of atypical antipsychotics. The use of LAI antipsychotics may help improve the management of adherence and enhance the therapeutic alliance through regular injection visits. in addition to pharmacotherapy, current clinical practice guidelines recommend the use of psychoeducation to improve treatment outcomes.4 Psychoeducation, along with other behavioral therapies, can facilitate the improvement of patient insight, prevention of relapse, promotion of adherence, and ultimately improve continuity of care.This presentation will provide an overview of key unmet needs in the long-term management of schizophrenia, and evaluate factors leading to non-adherence. The use of non-pharmacological and pharmacological strategies for improving adherence in routine clinical practice will be discussed in the context of a strong therapeutic alliance.
2972 – Diagnostic Imaging in Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Frangou S. 
Published: July 2013

Background:Bipolar Disorder (BD) is amongst the leading causes of disability worldwide. Patients are further disadvantaged by delays in accurate diagnosis ranging between 5–10 years. We applied Gaussian Process Classifiers (GPCs) to structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) data to evaluate the feasibility of using pattern recognition techniques for the diagnostic classification of patients with BD.Methods:GPCs were applied to gray (GM) and white matter (WM) sMRI data derived from two independent samples of patients with BD (cohort 1: n = 26; cohort 2: n = 14). Within each cohort patients were matched on age, sex and IQ to an equal number of healthy controls.Results:The diagnostic accuracy of the GPC classifier for GM was 73% in cohort 1 and 72% in cohort 2; sensitivity and specificity of the GM classification were 69% and 77% in cohort 1 and 64% and 99% in the cohort 2. The diagnostic accuracy of the GPC classifier for WM was 69% in cohort 1 and 78% in cohort 2; sensitivity and specificity of the WM classification were both 69% the cohort 1 and 71% and 86% in cohort 2. in both samples, GM and WM clusters discriminating between patients and controls were localized within cortical and subcortical structures implicated in BD.Conclusions:Our results demonstrate the predictive value of neuroanatomical data in discriminating patients with BD from healthy individuals. The overlap between discriminative networks and regions implicated in the pathophysiology of BD supports the biological plausibility of the classifiers.
2974 – Changes in DSM5: Child and Adolescent Conditions
Authors: Taylor E. 
Published: July 2013

The revision of the DSM scheme has highlighted several difficulties with classification: adapting criteria to different ages and genders; multiplicity of diagnoses in individual children (leading to a mistaken impression of ‘comorbidity’); complexity of the scheme making problems for nonspecialist clinicians; the use of unvalidated categories; and the inclusion of functional impairment as a criterion for several disorders.In this paper, DSM5's approaches to solving some of these difficulties are illustrated, with reference to specific conditions arising in childhood; although at the time of writing full criteria are not available. An overarching formulation of disorders has been introduced, and “disorders arising in childhood” no longer form a separate group in view of the extensive evidence for the early origins of many psychiatric disorders. “Pediatric bipolar disorder” has become overused, and a new category of “disruptive mood dysregulation” introduced. ADHD subtypes have not been validated and are downgraded to “presentations”; and “restrictive-inattentive” disorders have not (yet) earned their place. ADHD criteria in adult life have been relaxed a little. The “autism spectrum” has replaced subsyndromes, and proposes two dimensions for description. Callous-unemotional states in conduct disorder have received attention; as has the description of syndromes involving self-harm. The remaining challenges for clinicians and researchers will be described.
3005 – A Roadmap for Mental Health Research in Europe: From the Theory to the Practice of Research
Authors: Obradors Tarragó C. , Haro J.M. 
Published: July 2013

The European Commission funded the ROAMER project, which was launched in October 2011, to develop a roadmap to promote and integrate research on the biological, epidemiological, social and public health aspects of mental health. ROAMER has established six scientific domains (i.e. infrastructures and capacity building; biomedicine; psychological treatments and processes; social and economic aspects; public health; and wellbeing) that are being addressed in parallel. This process is developed in three different phases devoted to conducting an initial state-of-the-art analysis, enumerating gaps in current knowledge, and defining advances needed in research in each field. The project includes the participation of researchers, professionals, service users, families and other stakeholders.The project is funded by the coordination and support action under the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7). This funding instrument is oriented towards non-research initiatives which require a wide participation of European institutions.In the session, we will describe the role of coordinators and project managers in European Projects, as well as the current status of funding programs in the EC, the steps to apply to their calls, and the daily issues you should deal with when managing European projects profiting our ROAMER experience.[ROAMER has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement n° 282586]
Time trends in dietary fat intake in a sample of German children and adolescents between 2000 and 2010: not quantity, but quality is the issue
Authors: Libuda Lars , Alexy Ute , Kersting Mathilde 
Published: July 2013

Dietary fat intake in childhood may influence the risk for developing chronic diseases. The objective of the present study was to examine secular trends in the parameters of fat intake between 2000 and 2010 in a sample of German children and adolescents (n 808) participating in the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) Study. Dietary data from 4380 3 d weighed dietary records were analysed using repeated-measures regression to determine time trends in fat quantity, i.e. the intake of total fat, and in fat quality, i.e. the ratios of SFA, MUFA and PUFA. In young children (2–3 years) and in adolescents (13–18 years), total fat intake remained stable over time, but decreased by 0·08 % of total energy (%E) per year in 4–12-year-old children. In 2010, median fat intake was at the upper end of the recommendations. SFA intake decreased slightly in 2–3- and 4–12-year-old children by 0·09 and 0·05 %E per year, respectively. MUFA and PUFA intakes remained stable in all the age groups except in adolescents. Here, PUFA intake decreased initially, but increased between 2005 and 2010. In 2010, only between 3 and 18 % of the respective age groups had an intake of SFA or PUFA within the recommendations. In conclusion, fat quantity and quality did not change substantially between 2000 and 2010. Fat quality, in particular, needs to be improved, since a large percentage of our sample did not meet the recommended intakes for SFA and PUFA.
Acanthorhachis, a new genus of shark from the Carboniferous (Westphalian) of Yorkshire, England
Authors: MARTILL DAVID M. , DEL STROTHER PETER J. A. , GALLIEN FLORENCE 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAn association of diverse hollow spines and dermal denticles (ichthyoliths) from the Carboniferous (Westphalian) of Todmorden, Yorkshire, England are attributed to a new genus of enigmatic shark that may lie close toListracanthusNewberry & Worthen, 1870. Scanning electron microscopy shows that denticle morphology is highly variable, but forms a morphocline including elongate multi-spined elements as well as robust dome-like stellate denticles and recurved spinose elements. Histological analysis suggests an absence of enameloid. Continuous variation of form between elongate multi-cusped spines to boss-like circular denticles shows that all previously described Palaeozoic species ofListracanthusare probably junior synonyms of the type speciesL.hystrixNewberry & Worthen, 1870. The status ofListracanthusas a surviving ‘Lilliputian’ taxon after the Permian extinction is questioned. Although the new specimen has affinities withListracanthus, significant differences in the form of the posterior spines on elongate denticles warrants its placement in the new genusAcanthorhachisgen. nov. The family Listracanthidae is erected to accommodateListracanthusandAcanthorhachis.
Sector claims and counter-claims: Joseph Elzéar Bernier, the Canadian government, and Arctic sovereignty, 1898–1934
Authors: Cavell Janice 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTMany writers have presented Joseph Elzéar Bernier (1852–1934) as a hero whose key role in establishing Canada's sovereignty over the Arctic islands was unjustly downplayed by the government he served. According to this view, the sector claim that Bernier made on 1 July 1909 is the true foundation of Canada's title to the archipelago. This article draws on government files to assess civil servants’ attitude to his sovereignty-related activities. It also describes the role played by James White, whose more sophisticated and effective sector concept predated Bernier's and served as the basis for the official sector claim made in June 1925. The evidence indicates that government officials in the 1920s were well justified in their doubts about Bernier's pretensions. However, even though they rejected his version of the sector theory and resented the campaign of self-glorification on which he embarked after his retirement, their personal relations with him were good, and they took considerable trouble to ensure what they considered to be an appropriate degree of recognition for him. The article therefore clarifies the differences between Bernier's rhetoric and reality, particularly with regard to the sector principle.
From Nudging to Budging: Using Behavioural Economics to Inform Public Sector Policy
Authors: OLIVER ADAM 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe use of behavioural economics to inform policy has over recent years been captured by those who advocate nudge interventions. Nudge is a non-regulatory approach that attempts to motivate individual behaviour change through subtle alterations in the choice environments that people face. It is argued in this article that government interventions ought to be more overt than that traditionally advocated by nudge adherents, and that governments should principally attempt to influence behaviour if the acts of those targeted are causing harm to others. With this in mind, governments can use the findings of behavioural economics, including present bias and loss aversion, to inform where and how to regulate directly against undesirable private sector activities. This behavioural economic-informed method of regulation is hereby termedbudge, to indicate that, rather than nudging citizens, behavioural economics might be used more appropriately in the public sector to help inform regulation that budges harmful private sector activities.
Activation Workers’ Perceptions of Their Long-term Unemployed Clients’ Attitudes towards Employment
Authors: DUNN ANDREW 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe Work Programme's use of severe social security benefit sanctions reflects British coalition ministers’ belief that many people on out-of-work benefits do not want a job. While a substantial empirical literature has repeatedly demonstrated that in fact unemployed benefit claimants possess the same work values as the employed and that the vast majority want paid work, it has ignored some conservative authors’ pleas to consider the views and experiences of people who work with the unemployed. Forty employees of agencies contracted to help unemployed people into employment were interviewed in summer 2011. Respondents had spent an estimated combined total of 147,000 hours in the presence of people who have claimed Jobseeker's Allowance (JSA) for over six months. Most said that between a quarter and half of their present clients did not want employment. This finding does not contradict existing research, given that most JSA claimants re-enter employment within six months. However, all forty agreed that many others remained unemployed because they were choosy in the jobs they were willing to undertake, and, most strikingly, respondents overwhelmingly endorsed the view that a ‘dependency culture’ exists in households and neighbourhoods that have experienced joblessness for several generations.
Facilitating the task for second language processing research: A comparison of two testing paradigms
Authors: MILLER A. KATE 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThis study considers the effects of experimental task demands in research on second language sentence processing. Advanced learners and native speakers of French were presented with the same experimental sentences in two different tasks designed to probe for evidence of trace reactivation during processing: cross-modal priming (Nicol & Swinney, 1989) and probe classification during reading (Dekydtspotter, Miller, Schaefer, Chang, & Kim, 2010). Although the second language learners produced nontargetlike results on the cross-modal priming task, the probe classification during reading task revealed results suggestive of trace reactivation, which point to detailed structural representations during online sentence processing. The implications for current theories of second language sentence processing and for future research in this domain are discussed.