bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tolerance and toxicity of primary radiation therapy in the management of seropositive HIV patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Mourad Waleed F. , Hu Kenneth S. , Ishihara Dan , Shourbaji Rania A. , Lin Wilson , Kumar Mahesh , Jacobson Adam S. , Tran Theresa , Manolidis Spiros , Urken Mark , Persky Mark , Harrison Louis 
Published: March 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo report tolerance and toxicity of radiotherapy (RT) with or without chemotherapy in HIV seropositive patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN).MethodsThis is a single institution retrospective study of 73 HIV seropositive patients with SCCHN treated from January 1997 through 2010. Stages I, II, III, and IV were 8%, 10%, 24%, and 58%, respectively. The median age at RT, HIV diagnosis. and the duration of HIV seropositive were 51 (32–72), 34 (25–50), and 11 (6–20) years, respectively. Patients were treated definitively with RT alone (35%) or concurrent chemo‐RT (65%). Median dose of 70 Gy (66–70) was delivered to the gross disease. Median duration of treatment was 52 (49–64) days. Fifty patients (70%) were on HAART.ResultsRT± chemotherapy induced acute toxicity was: median weight loss 20 pounds (6–40), 100% developed dysgeusia and xerostomia (grades 1–3). Acute mucositis and dysphagia/odynophagia grades ≤2 and 3 were 83% and 17%, respectively. Treatment breaks in excess of 10, 7, and 3 days were found in 5%, 13%, and 15% of patients, respectively. With a median follow‐up of 4 years (2–12) the RT ±chemotherapy induced late dysphagia and xerostomia grades >2 were 26% and 23% of patients, respectively.ConclusionOur data show that primary RT ±chemotherapy for HIV seropositive SCCHN is less tolerated compared to the historical data for SCCHN without HIV.Level of Evidence2b.
Radiation therapy for benign lymphoepithelial cysts of parotid glands in HIV patients
Authors: Mourad Waleed F. , Hu Kenneth S. , Shourbaji Rania A. , Lin Wilson , Harrison Louis B. 
Published: March 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo report the long‐term outcomes of radiation therapy (RT), and the impact of fractionation size and RT duration on HIV patients with Benign Lymphoepithelial Cysts (BLEC) of the parotid glands.MethodsFrom January 2000 to 2011, 30 patients were eligible for our single institution retrospective study. Both parotids were treated with 24Gy via RT. The median age at RT, HIV diagnosis, and duration of HIV seropositive was 45 years (28–64), 38 years (23–53), and 11 years (6–35), respectively. Patients were stratified into two groups. Group A and B received 2Gyx12 and 1.5Gyx16, respectively.ResultsAfter a median follow‐up of 66 months (12–141), the overall response (OvR) was 93% of the patients. Specifically, complete response (CR) and partial response (PR) were 80% and 13%, respectively. In group A, 100% had CR. Treatment failure was 7% and all were in group B, which was mainly due to poor compliance. A Chi‐square test showed significant relationship between OvR and RT duration (P <0.001), and a positive trend between CR and fraction size of 2Gy (P = 0.053). All acute toxicities were grade ≤2, specifically mucositis (48%), xerostomia (45%), skin erythema (41%), and altered taste (14%). Two patients (6.7%) experienced long‐term grade 1 xerostomia.ConclusionRT provides a sustained long‐term cosmetic control for BLEC of the parotid glands in HIV patients. Failures are uncommon, and the late side effects have been negligible.
Characterization of Aphanizomenon ovalisporum amidinotransferase involved in cylindrospermopsin synthesis
Authors: Barón‐Sola Ángel , Gutiérrez‐Villanueva Miguel A. , del Campo Francisca F. , Sanz‐Alférez Soledad 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAn increasing abundance of Aphanizomenon ovalisporum in water bodies from diverse world regions has been reported in the last few years, with the majority of the isolated strains producing the toxin cylindrospermopsin (CYN), leading to a rise in ecological and health risks. The understanding of CYN synthesis is crucial in the control of CYN production. An amidinotransferase (AMDT) seems to be the first enzyme involved in the synthesis of CYN. In this study, we have cloned and overexpressed the aoaA gene from the constitutive CYN producer A. ovalisporum UAM‐MAO. The recombinant purified AoaA was characterized, confirming that it is an l‐arginine:glycine AMDT. It shows an optimal activity between 32 and 37°C, at pH from 8 to 9. The activity exhibits a mixed (ping‐pong/sequential) kinetic mechanism, and is inhibited by the reaction product guanidine acetate (GAA) in a noncompetitive manner. Mg2+ stimulates AoaA activity while Co2+ and Mn2+ inhibit it. AoaA conserves the critical residues of the catalytic site and substrate specificity of AMDTs, as the previously reported AMDT from Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii Cyr. Both proteins can be included in a new group of prokaryotic AMDTs involved in CYN production.
Gonad differentiation and puberty onset in the zebrafish: Evidence for the dependence of puberty onset on body growth but not age in females
Authors: Chen Weiting , Ge Wei 
Published: March 2013

SUMMARYPuberty is the period in the vertebrate life cycle that marks the transition from sexual immaturity to maturity, enabling an animal to acquire adult reproductive functions. Puberty, an important point in vertebrate reproductive life, has been under extensive study in the past decades. It has been known for a long time that the initiation of puberty in mammals is closely associated with body growth and metabolism; however, there has been no equivalent report in small model teleosts such as the zebrafish. Using morphological and histological analysis, this study was undertaken to examine the timing of gonad differentiation and female maturation (puberty) in the zebrafish, with particular emphasis on the potential impact of body growth on the onset of puberty. Our data showed that gonad differentiation in the zebrafish completed around 35 days post‐fertilization (dpf) in females and 45 dpf in males. Puberty in females is initiated at around 45 dpf. Our experiments provided clear evidence that the initiation of puberty in female zebrafish was strongly correlated with body size but not age, supporting the importance of the growth axis in the onset of puberty. This study provides essential information on basic characteristics of growth and reproduction in zebrafish. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 80: 384–392, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Feasibility of a nurse‐led in‐home cognitive behavioral program to manage concerns about falls in frail older people: A process evaluation
Authors: Dorresteijn Tanja A.C. , Rixt Zijlstra G.A. , Van Haastregt Jolanda C.M. , Vlaeyen Johan W.S. , Kempen Gertrudis I.J.M. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractConcerns about falls and related avoidance of activities are common problems among older people living in the community. In this study we examined the feasibility and acceptability of AMB‐Home (the Dutch in‐home version of A Matter of Balance), a nurse‐led in‐home cognitive behavioral program developed for frail community‐living older people with concerns about falls and related activity avoidance. The multicomponent program consisted of seven individual sessions, including three home visits and four telephone contacts. Data were collected from eight nurses and 194 participants. Generally, the program was considered acceptable and feasible by both the nurses and the participants. When AMB‐Home turns out to be effective, the implementation of a fine‐tuned version of this in‐home program in regular health care, would be a natural next step. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 36:257–270, 2013
Synthesis and photovoltaic performance of donor–acceptor polymers containing benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene with thienyl substituents
Authors: Sista Prakash , Kularatne Ruvini S. , Mulholland Michael E. , Wilson Mitchell , Holmes Natalie , Zhou Xiaojing , Dastoor Paul C. , Belcher Warwick , Rasmussen Seth C. , Biewer Michael C. , Stefan Mihaela C. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTThree alternating donor–acceptor copolymers have been synthesized by Stille coupling polymerization of 2,6‐(trimethyltin)−4,8‐bis(5‐dodecylthiophene‐2‐yl)benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene with 1,3‐dibromo‐5‐hexylthieno[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐4,6‐dione, 4,7‐dibromo‐1,3‐benzothiadiazole, and 5,7‐dibromo‐2,3‐didodecylthieno[3,4‐b]pyrazine, respectively. The synthesized polymers were tested in bulk heterojunction solar cells as blends with the acceptor [6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). The thienopyrroledione copolymer displayed a power conversion efficiency of 3.00% which was increased to 3.86% by application of the additive 1,8‐diiodooctane (DIO). Tapping mode atomic force microscopy analysis indicated that there was an increase in the phase separation between polymer and PCBM, leading to an improvement in the performance upon the addition of DIO. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 2622–2630
Cyclotrimerization of diisocyanates toward high‐performance networked polymers with rigid isocyanurate structure: Combination of aromatic and aliphatic diisocyanates for tunable flexibility
Authors: Moritsugu Masaki , Sudo Atsushi , Endo Takeshi 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTA series of networked polymers bearing isocyanurate moiety was synthesized by cyclotrimerization of diisocyanates, with employing methylenediphenyl 4,4′‐diisocyanate and 1,6‐hexamethylenediisocyanate (HMDI) in several feed ratios. In spite of the large difference in intrinsic reactivity between these two diisocyanates, their coannulation proceeded efficiently by using sodium p‐toluenesulfinate (pTolSO2Na) and 1,3‐dimethyl‐2‐imidazolidinone as a catalyst and a solvent, respectively. The resulting networked polymers were transparent and exhibited excellent thermal stability. In addition, HMDI‐rich feed ratios allowed for the formation of networked polymers with increased flexibility. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 2631–2637
Synthesis and photoproperties of Eu(III)‐bearing star polymers as luminescent materials
Authors: Kusumaatmaja Ahmad , Ando Tsuyoshi , Terada Kayo , Hirohara Shiho , Nakashima Takuya , Kawai Tsuyoshi , Terashima Takaya , Tanihara Masao 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTWater‐soluble luminescent material was developed by introducing europium (Eu(III)) ions into the core of a star polymer. Living radical polymerization was used to obtain the star polymer. The strategy to introduce Eu(III) ions into the star polymer was studied using poly(methyl methacrylate) as an arm. The best Eu(III) ion introduction was obtained by simultaneous introduction, resulting in about 30 µmol/g‐polymer, which needed only one step for synthesis. The utilization of a hydrophilic polymer such as poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) as an arm produced a water‐soluble star polymer. The Eu(III)‐bearing PEO star polymer obtained in this study was water soluble and showed fluorescence. In addition, it was stable in water after 1 month. The Eu(III)‐bearing star polymer exhibited luminescent properties under UV light irradiation with relatively high quantum yields of 60% in organic solution and 19% in aqueous solution. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 2527–2535
Political Inequality and State Policy Adoption: Predatory Lending, Children's Health Care, and Minimum Wage
Authors: Franko William W. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis article argues that considering the economic status of various politically active groups in society is an important and often overlooked aspect of representation. Economic status is linked closely with economic need, which is especially important for the disadvantaged. Income affects the types of government programs people are influenced by and rely on; for example, government health care and public housing policies are more likely to directly influence the poor while those with higher economic status may never have an experience with these programs. This suggests that different levels of political activity by various groups in society can have an influence on lawmakers' decisions regarding how to address certain issues. Using a relative index of economic inequalities in participation for each of the 50 states over time, I examine whether housing, health care, and wage equity policies are more beneficial to the disadvantaged when levels of participation inequality are low. Time‐series cross‐sectional (TSCS) analyses are used to understand the relationship between state participation bias and the favorability of policy outcomes for the poor. The results of this study have important implications for how political power can be used to control the policy process.
Androgen deprivation and androgen receptor competition by bicalutamide induce autophagy of hormone‐resistant prostate cancer cells and confer resistance to apoptosis
Authors: Boutin Benoît , Tajeddine Nicolas , Vandersmissen Patrick , Zanou Nadège , Van Schoor Monique , Mondin Ludivine , Courtoy Pierre J. , Tombal Bertrand , Gailly Philippe 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDTreatment of advanced prostate cancer (PCa) relies on pharmacological or surgical androgen deprivation. However, it is only temporarily efficient. After a few months or years, the tumor relapses despite the absence of androgenic stimulation: a state referred to as hormone‐refractory prostate cancer (HRPCa). Although autophagy confers chemoresistance in some cancers, its role in the development of HRPCa remains unknown.METHODSAutophagic flux was assayed by GFP‐LC3 clustering, by LC3‐I to LC3‐II conversion and transmission electron microscopy. Cell death was detected by sub‐G1 quantification and concomitant measurement of transmembrane mitochondrial potential and plasma membrane permeabilization. Inhibition of autophagy was achieved by siRNAs and pharmacological inhibitors.RESULTSAndrogen deprivation or treatment with the anti‐androgen bicalutamide promoted autophagy in HRPCa‐derived LNCaP cells. This effect was dramatically reduced after depletion of Atg5 and Beclin‐1, two canonical autophagy genes, and was associated with an inhibition of the androgen‐induced mTOR pathway. The depletion of Atg5 and Beclin‐1 significantly increased the level of cell death induced by androgen deprivation or bicalutamide. Finally, the safe anti‐malarial drug chloroquine, an inhibitor of autophagy, dramatically increased cell death after androgen deprivation or bicalutamide treatment.CONCLUSIONTaken together, our data suggest that autophagy is a protective mechanism against androgen deprivation in HRPCa cells and that chloroquine could restore hormone dependence. This set of data could lead to the development of new therapeutic strategy against HRPCa. Prostate 73: 1090–1102, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Obesity‐induced diabetes and lower urinary tract fibrosis promote urinary voiding dysfunction in a mouse model
Authors: Gharaee‐Kermani Mehrnaz , Rodriguez‐Nieves Jose A. , Mehra Rohit , Vezina Chad A. , Sarma Aruna V. , Macoska Jill A. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDProgressive aging‐ and inflammation‐associated fibrosis effectively remodels the extracellular matrix (ECM) to increase prostate tissue stiffness and reduce urethral flexibility, resulting in urinary flow obstruction and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). In the current study, we sought to test whether senescence‐accelerated mouse prone (SAMP)6 mice, which were reported to develop prostatic fibrosis, would also develop LUTS, and whether these symptoms would be exacerbated by diet‐induced obesity and concurrent Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).METHODSTo accomplish this, SAMP6 and AKR/J background strain mice were fed regular mouse chow, low fat diet chow, or high fat diet chow for 8 months, then subjected to glucose tolerance tests, assessed for plasma insulin levels, evaluated for urinary voiding function, and assessed for lower urinary tract fibrosis.RESULTSThe results of these studies show that SAMP6 mice and AKR/J background strain mice develop diet‐induced obesity and T2DM concurrent with urinary voiding dysfunction. Moreover, urinary voiding dysfunction was more severe in SAMP6 than AKR/J mice and was associated with pronounced prostatic and urethral tissue fibrosis.CONCLUSIONSTaken together, these studies suggest that obesity, T2DM, lower urinary tract fibrosis, and urinary voiding dysfunction are inextricably and biologically linked. Prostate 73: 1123–1133, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High‐pressure synthesis of crystalline boron in B–H system
Authors: Ekimov E. A. , Lebed J. B. , Sidorov V. A. , Lyapin S. G. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAn experimental P–T‐phase diagram was proposed for boron produced by pyrolysis of decaborane B10H14 in the temperature range 1000–2100 K and pressure range 2–8 GPa. It was found that decaborane decomposes at temperatures above 1100–1400 K with a formation of either β‐rhombohedral boron at pressures of 2–3 GPa or α‐tetragonal boron at higher pressures. The electrical resistivity of α‐tetragonal boron was measured as a function of temperature under pressures up to 5 GPa and in the temperature range 300–600 K. The energy gap between the valence and the conduction bands of α‐tetragonal boron was found to be 1.52 eV. The gap decreases slightly under pressure.
Lateral boundary conditions for limited area models
Authors: Davies Terry 
Published: March 2013

AbstractLimited area models (LAMs) are widely used in numerical weather prediction and regional climate modelling to obtain high‐resolution results that would be too expensive computationally to be obtained with a global model. To run LAMs requires lateral boundary conditions (LBCs) which are normally obtained from a global model or another (lower‐resolution) LAM containing the domain of the smaller LAM. It is widely thought that the LBCs are a source of significant errors in LAMs but in the Meteorological Office Unified Model (UM) LBC errors are shown to be a tiny part of the overall error. The source of LBC errors is explained and the LBC procedure employed in the UM is described. The UM LBC procedure is effectively transparent for a nested LAM with the same resolution and grid points as a LAM providing its LBCs.
Tumorigenic Potential of miR-18A* in Glioma Initiating Cells Requires NOTCH-1 Signaling
Authors: Turchi Laurent , Debruyne David N. , Almairac Fabien , Virolle Virginie , Fareh Mohamed , Neirijnck Yasmine , Burel-Vandenbos Fanny , Paquis Philippe , Junier Marie-Pierre , Van Obberghen-Schilling Ellen , Chneiweiss Hervé , Virolle Thierry 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Stem cell-like properties of glioma initiating cells (GiCs) fuel glioblastoma (GBM) development by providing the different cell types that comprise the tumor. It is therefore likely that the molecular circuitries that regulate their decision to self-renew or commit to a more differentiated state may offer targets for future innovative therapies. In previous micro-RNA profiling studies to search for regulators of stem cell plasticity, we identified miR-18a* as a potential candidate and its expression correlated with the stemness state. Here, using human GiCs we found that miR-18a* expression promotes clonal proliferation in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo. Mechanistically, ERK-dependent induction of miR-18a* directly represses expression of DLL3, an autocrine inhibitor of NOTCH, thus enhancing the level of activated NOTCH-1. Activated NOTCH-1 in turn is required for sustained ERK activation. This feed-forward loop, driven by miR-18a*, is required to turn on the SHH-GLI-NANOG network, essential for GiC self-renewal. Hence, by tightly regulating expression of DLL3, miR-18a* constitutes an important signaling mediator for fine tuning the level of GiC self-renewal.
Native Adipose Stromal Cells Egress from Adipose Tissue In Vivo: Evidence During Lymph Node Activation
Authors: Gil-Ortega Marta , Garidou Lucile , Barreau Corinne , Maumus Marie , Breasson Ludovic , Tavernier Geneviève , García-Prieto Concha F. , Bouloumié Anne , Casteilla Louis , Sengenès Coralie 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAdipose tissue (AT) has become accepted as a source of multipotent progenitor cells, the adipose stromal cells (ASCs). In this regard, considerable work has been performed to harvest and characterize this cell population as well as to investigate the mechanisms by which transplanted ASCs mediate tissue regeneration. In contrast the endogenous release of native ASCs by AT has been poorly investigated. In this work, we show that native ASCs egress from murine AT. Indeed, we demonstrated that the release of native ASCs from AT can be evidenced both using an ex vivo perfusion model that we set up and in vivo. Such a mobilization process is controlled by CXCR4 chemokine receptor. In addition, once mobilized from AT, circulating ASCs were found to navigate through lymph fluid and to home into lymph nodes (LN). Therefore, we demonstrated that, during the LN activation, the fat depot encapsulating the activated LN releases native ASCs, which in turn invade the activated LN. Moreover, the ASCs invading the LN were visualized in close physical interaction with podoplanin and ER-TR7 positive structures corresponding to the stromal network composing the LN. This dynamic was impaired with CXCR4 neutralizing antibody. Taken together, these data provide robust evidences that native ASCs can traffic in vivo and that AT might provide stromal cells to activated LNs.
Promotion of Osteoblast Differentiation in Mesenchymal Cells Through Cbl-Mediated Control of STAT5 Activity
Authors: Dieudonne François-Xavier , Sévère Nicolas , Biosse-Duplan Martin , Weng Jing-Jie , Su Yeu , Marie Pierre J. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe identification of the molecular mechanisms controlling the degradation of regulatory proteins in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) may provide clues to promote MSC osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration. Ubiquitin ligase-dependent degradation of proteins is an important process governing cell fate. In this study, we investigated the role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase c-Cbl in MSC osteoblast differentiation and identified the mechanisms involved in this effect. Using distinct shRNA targeting c-Cbl, we showed that c-Cbl silencing promotes osteoblast differentiation in murine and human MSC, as demonstrated by increased alkaline phosphatase activity, expression of phenotypic osteoblast marker genes (RUNX2, ALP, type 1 collagen), and matrix mineralization in vitro. Coimmunoprecipitation analyses showed that c-Cbl interacts with the transcription factor STAT5, and that STAT5 forms a complex with RUNX2, a master transcription factor controlling osteoblastogenesis. Silencing c-Cbl decreased c-Cbl-mediated STAT5 ubiquitination, increased STAT5 protein level and phosphorylation, and enhanced STAT5 and RUNX2 transcriptional activity. The expression of insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), a target gene of STAT5, was increased by c-Cbl silencing in MSC and in bone marrow stromal cells isolated from c-Cbl deficient mice, suggesting that IGF-1 contributes to osteoblast differentiation induced by c-Cbl silencing in MSC. Consistent with these findings, pharmacological inhibition of STAT5 activity, or neutralization of IGF-1 activity, abrogated the positive effect of c-Cbl knockdown on MSC osteogenic differentiation. Taken together, the data provide a novel functional mechanism by which the ubiquitin ligase c-Cbl regulates the osteoblastic differentiation program in mesenchymal cells by controlling Cbl-mediated STAT5 degradation and activity.
Analysis of changing pan evaporation in the arid region of Northwest China
Authors: Li Zhi , Chen Yaning , Shen Yanjun , Liu Yongbo , Zhang Shuhua 
Published: March 2013

Key Points
Ep decreased from 1958 to 1993 but increased since then
Ep mostly due to changes in the aerodynamic component
WS and VPD are both primary factors of the reversion of Ep