bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of tumor-suppressor genes interferon regulatory factor 1 and death-associated protein kinase in primitive acute myelogenous leukemia cells
Authors: Guzman Monica L. , Upchurch Donna , Grimes Barry , Howard Dianna S. , Rizzieri David A. , Luger Selina M. , Phillips Gordon L. , Jordan Craig T. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractPrevious studies indicate that human acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) arises from a rare population of leukemic stem cells. Cells of this nature can initiate and maintain leukemic cell growth in both long-term cultures and nonobese diabetic/severe combined immune-deficient mice. To characterize the biology of primitive AML cells, gene expression screens were performed with 7 primary AML and 3 normal specimens. For each sample, stem cell populations (CD34+/CD38−) were isolated and used to synthesize radiolabeled complementary DNA (cDNA). AML vs normal probes were then hybridized to cDNA arrays containing genes related to cancer and apoptosis. Of approximately 1400 genes analyzed, 2 tumor-suppressor genes were identified that were overexpressed in all 7 of the AML CD34+/CD38−cell populations: death-associated protein kinase and interferon regulatory factor 1. Expression of each gene was confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot analysis. It is proposed that tumor-suppressor proteins play a role in the biology of primitive AML cells.
The combination of chemotherapy and systemic immunotherapy with soluble B7–immunoglobulin G leads to cure of murine leukemia and lymphoma and demonstration of tumor-specific memory responses
Authors: Runyon Kathlene , Lee Kwang , Zuberek Krystyna , Collins Mary , Leonard John P. , Dunussi-Joannopoulos Kyriaki 
Published: July 2002

AbstractMajor mechanisms underlying poor immune responses to autologous tumor-associated antigens are overwhelming tumor kinetics and the absence of effective T-cell costimulation by antigen-presenting cells. To address these issues, leukemia and lymphoma mice were treated with the combination of chemotherapy and systemic immunotherapy with recombinant soluble murine B7–immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecules. In this report, 3 murine models were used, a radiation-induced SJL acute myeloid leukemia, a transplantable spontaneous SJL lymphoma, and the C57BL/6 EL-4 thymic lymphoma. Various treatment modalities were evaluated: single treatments with either B7-IgG or chemotherapy as well as combination therapies. The results demonstrate the following: (1) in all tumor models, the combination of chemotherapy and soluble B7-IgGs is more potent than either therapy alone, leading to cure of tumor-bearing animals; (2) the therapeutic responses are T-cell–dependent, because combined therapy is not efficacious in severe combined immunodeficient mice; (3) the rejection of tumor cells leads to the development of tumor-specific immunity, because cured mice are immune to the rejected tumor but not to a different syngeneic tumor; and (4) 51Cr release assays show that rejection of tumor cells leads to the development of very potent tumor-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity. On the basis of these results, it is proposed that chemotherapy-mediated tumor reduction, together with consequent augmented tumor-antigen presentation to activated T cells, are primary mechanisms leading to curative responses. The safety profile of the B7-IgG fusion proteins and their synergy with chemotherapy strongly suggest that the combination regimen is a promising strategy in cancer treatment.
Response to hypoxia involves transforming growth factor-β2 and Smad proteins in human endothelial cells
Authors: Akman Hasan O. , Zhang Hong , Siddiqui M. A. Q. , Solomon William , Smith Eric L. P. , Batuman Olcay A. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractOxygen deprivation (hypoxia) is a consistent component of ischemia that induces an inflammatory and prothrombotic response in the endothelium. In this report, it is demonstrated that exposure of endothelial cells to hypoxia (1% O2) increases messenger RNA and protein levels of transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2), a cytokine with potent regulatory effects on vascular inflammatory responses. Messenger RNA levels of the TGF-β2 type II membrane receptor, which is a serine threonine kinase, also increased. The stimulatory effect of hypoxia was found to occur at the level of transcription of the TGF-β2 gene and involves Smad proteins, a class of intracellular signaling proteins that mediates the downstream effects of TGF-β receptors. Transient transfection studies showed that the region spanning −77 and −40 base pairs within the TGF-β2 promoter (harboring a Smad-binding “CAGA box”) is activated in hypoxic cells compared with nonhypoxic controls (P &lt; .01). Hypoxia also stimulated transcription from another promoter, 3TP-Lux, a reporter construct responsive to Smads and TGF-β. In addition, specific binding to a Smad-binding oligonucleotide was observed with nuclear extracts from hypoxic endothelial cells but not from nonhypoxic cells. It is concluded that Smad proteins, which can regulate endothelial responses to mechanical and inflammatory stress, also may play an important role in vascular responses to hypoxia and ischemia.
The impaired polymerization of fibrinogen Longmont (Bβ166Arg→Cys) is not improved by removal of disulfide-linked dimers from a mixture of dimers and cysteine-linked monomers
Authors: Lounes Karim C. , Lefkowitz Jerry B. , Henschen-Edman Agnes H. , Coates Andrew I. , Hantgan Roy R. , Lord Susan T. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThis study identified a new substitution in the Bβ chain of an abnormal fibrinogen, denoted Longmont, where the residue Arg166 was changed to Cys. The variant was discovered in a young woman with an episode of severe hemorrhage at childbirth and a subsequent mild bleeding disorder. The neo-Cys residues were always found to be disulfide-bridged to either an isolated Cys amino acid or to the corresponding Cys residue of another abnormal fibrinogen molecule, forming dimers. Removing the dimeric molecules using gel filtration did not correct the fibrin polymerization defect. Fibrinogen Longmont had normal fibrinopeptide A and B release and a functional polymerization site “a.” Thus, the sites “A” and “a” can interact to form protofibrils, as evidenced by dynamic light-scattering measurements. These protofibrils, however, were unable to associate in the normal manner of lateral aggregation, leading to abnormal clot formation, as shown by an impaired increase in turbidity. Therefore, it is concluded that the substitution of Arg166→Cys-Cys alters fibrinogen Longmont polymerization by disrupting interactions that are critical for normal lateral association of protofibrils.
Stromal cell–derived factor 1/CXCR4 signaling is critical for early human T-cell development
Authors: Hernández-López Carmen , Varas Alberto , Sacedón Rosa , Jiménez Eva , Muñoz Juan José , Zapata Agustı́n G. , Vicente Angeles 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe present study investigated the potential role of stromal cell–derived factor 1 (SDF-1) in human intrathymic T-cell differentiation. Results show that SDF-1 is produced by human thymic epithelial cells from the subcapsular and medullary areas, and its receptor, CXCR4, is up-regulated on CD34+ precursor cells committed to the T-cell lineage. Chimeric human-mouse fetal thymus organ culture (FTOC) seeded with purified CD34+thymic progenitors and treated with neutralizing antibodies against SDF-1 or CXCR4 showed a significant reduction of the number of human thymocytes and an arrested thymocyte differentiation in the transition between CD34+ precursor cells and CD4+ immature thymocytes. SDF-1–treated FTOC showed an increase of human thymocyte numbers, mainly affecting the most immature subpopulations. Moreover, these results suggest that CXCR4/SDF-1 signaling is not critical for the CD34+ cell precursor recruitment to the thymus. On the other hand, SDF-1 significantly increased the viability of CD34+ T-cell precursors modulating the expression ofBCL-2 and BAX genes, and stimulated the proliferation of CD34+ thymic precursor cells, particularly in synergy with interleukin 7 (IL-7), but not with other cytokines, such as stem cell factor or flt3-ligand. Accordingly, only IL-7 was able to up-regulate CXCR4 expression on CD34+ thymic progenitors. In addition, deprivation of SDF-1 partially inhibited human thymocyte expansion induced by IL-7 in human-mouse FTOC. This study indicates that SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling is required for the survival, expansion, and subsequent differentiation of human early thymocytes and identifies a new mechanism by which IL-7 mediates its effects on human thymopoiesis.
Molecular dissection of the signaling and costimulatory functions of CD150 (SLAM): CD150/SAP binding and CD150-mediated costimulation
Authors: Howie Duncan , Simarro Marı́a , Sayos Joan , Guirado Maria , Sancho Jaime , Terhorst Cox 
Published: July 2002

AbstractCD150 signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM), a T/B/dendritic cell surface glycoprotein, is a costimulatory receptor involved in T-cell activation and is also a receptor for measles virus. CD150-induced signal transduction is controlled bySAP/SH2D1A, the gene that is aberrant in X-linked lymphoproliferative disease and familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. This report shows that CD150 colocalizes with the T-cell receptor (TCR) following CD3 triggering in human peripheral blood T cells and is rapidly and reversibly tyrosine phosphorylated on TCR cross-linking. The Src-like kinases Lck and Fyn phosphorylate tyrosine residues in the cytoplasmic tail of CD150. The results demonstrate that the SAP protein has 2 modes of binding to CD150. Binding to the motif Thr-Ile-Tyr281Ala-Gln-Val occurs in a phosphotyrosine-independent fashion and to the motif Thr-Val-Tyr327Ala-Ser-Val in a phosphotyrosine-dependent manner. Within both SAP binding motifs the threonine residue at position −2 to tyrosine is essential to stabilize the interaction irrespective of tyrosine phosphorylation, a feature unique to the SAP SH2 domain. A leucine residue, Leu278, further stabilizes nonphospho binding of SAP to Tyr281 of CD150. SAP blocking of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 occurs primarily on Tyr281 of CD150 because SHP-2 requires both Tyr281 and Tyr327 for binding to CD150, and SAP binds to nonphosphorylated Tyr281. CD150 exhibits lateral mobility, segregating into intercellular contacts. The lateral mobility and homophilic clustering of CD150 between neighboring cells is not dependent on SAP/CD150 interaction.
Controlling Water for Enhanced Homogeneities in Perovskite Solar Cells with Remarkable Reproducibility
Authors: Wang Chenyue , He Bingchen , Hui Wei , Su Zhenhuang , Chen Li , Du Weizhi , Zhang Liujiang , Zhang Junhan , Fu Meirong , Wang Hao , Sun Bo , Wen Wen , Wang Sisheng , Lou Liyu , Hou Chen , Zheng Guanhaojie , Song Lin , Chen Yonghua , Gao Xingyu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTwo‐step sequential deposition of perovskite films is proven efficient and compatible with large‐scale production. Nevertheless, its critically regulated environmental humidity often remains a burden, hindering its applications in reproducible fabrication of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, by introducing a water ethyl acetate (W‐EA) solution treatment before annealing, improved perovskite crystallinity and homogeneity in FA0.95‐xMAxCs0.05PbI3 films without additional composition regulation is achieved. In situ Grazing‐incidence Wide‐angle X‐ray Scattering experiments highlighted accelerated crystallization kinetics in W‐EA‐treated films, leading to high‐quality perovskite formation. PSCs based on this method reached an optimal power conversion efficiency of 25.01% and demonstrated enhanced moisture resistance, retaining 88% efficiency after 1000 h in ambient conditions. This W‐EA treatment simplifies the fabrication process, greatly reducing the need for controlled humidity, and offers insights into the role of water in perovskite film crystallization, with significant implications to produce high‐performance PSCs.
Pushing Trap‐Controlled Persistent Luminescence Materials toward Multi‐Responsive Smart Platforms: Recent Advances, Mechanism, and Frontier Applications
Authors: Du Jiaren , Wang Xiaomeng , Sun Shan , Wu Yongjian , Jiang Kai , Li Si , Lin Hengwei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSmart stimuli‐responsive persistent luminescence materials, combining the various advantages and frontier applications prospects, have gained booming progress in recent years. The trap‐controlled property and energy storage capability to respond to external multi‐stimulations through diverse luminescence pathways make them attractive in emerging multi‐responsive smart platforms. This review aims at the recent advances in trap‐controlled luminescence materials for advanced multi‐stimuli‐responsive smart platforms. The design principles, luminescence mechanisms, and representative stimulations, i.e., thermo‐, photo‐, mechano‐, and X‐rays responsiveness, are comprehensively summarized. Various emerging multi‐responsive hybrid systems containing trap‐controlled luminescence materials are highlighted. Specifically, temperature dependent trapping and de‐trapping performance is discussed, from extreme‐low temperature to ultra‐high temperature conditions. Emerging applications and future perspectives are briefly presented. It is hoped that this review would provide new insights and guidelines for the rational design and performance manipulation of multi‐responsive materials for advanced smart platforms.
Far‐Red Aggregation‐Induced Emission Hydrogel‐Reinforced Tissue Clearing for 3D Vasculature Imaging of Whole Lung and Whole Tumor
Authors: Gong Xiao‐Ting , Zhuang Jiahao , Chong Kok Chan , Xu Qun , Ling Xia , Cao Lei , Wu Min , Yang Jing , Liu Bin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the vascular formation and distribution in metastatic lung tumors is a significant challenge due to autofluorescence, antibody/dye diffusion in dense tumor, and fluorophore stability when exposed to solvent‐based clearing agents. Here, an approach is presented that redefines 3D vasculature imaging within metastatic tumor, peritumoral lung tissue, and normal lung. Specifically, a far‐red aggregation‐induced emission nanoparticle with surface amino groups (termed as TSCN nanoparticle, TSCNNP) is designed for in situ formation of hydrogel (TSCNNP@Gel) inside vasculatures to provide structural support and enhance the fluorescence in solvent‐based tissue clearing method. Using this TSCNNP@Gel‐reinforced tissue clearing imaging approach, the critical challenges are successfully overcome and comprehensive visualization of the whole pulmonary vasculature up to 2 µm resolution is enabled, including its detailed examination in metastatic tumors. Importantly, features of tumor‐associated vasculature in 3D panoramic views are unveiled, providing the potential to determine tumor stages, predict tumor progression, and facilitate the histopathological diagnosis of various tumor types.
Volume‐Metallization 3D‐Printed Polymer Composites
Authors: Yu Dehai , Chi Guidong , Mao Xu , Li Maolin , Wang Zhonghao , Xing Chunxiao , Hu Daiwei , Zhou Quan , Li Zhen , Li Chunwei , Deng Zhongshan , Chen Du , Song Zhenghe , He Zhizhu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract3D printing polymer or metal can achieve complicated structures while lacking multifunctional performance. Combined printing of polymer and metal is desirable and challenging due to their insurmountable mismatch in melting‐point temperatures. Here, a novel volume‐metallization 3D‐printed polymer composite (VMPC) with bicontinuous phases for enabling coupled structure and function, which are prepared by infilling low‐melting‐point metal (LM) to controllable porous configuration is reported. Based on vacuum‐assisted low‐pressure conditions, LM is guided by atmospheric pressure action and overcomes surface tension to spread along the printed polymer pore channel, enabling the complete filling saturation of porous structures for enhanced tensile strength (up to 35.41 MPa), thermal (up to 25.29 Wm−1K−1) and electrical (>106 S m−1) conductivities. The designed 3D‐printed microstructure‐oriented can achieve synergistic anisotropy in mechanics (1.67), thermal (27.2), and electrical (>1012) conductivities. VMPC multifunction is demonstrated, including customized 3D electronics with elevated strength, electromagnetic wave‐guided transport and signal amplification, heat dissipation device for chip temperature control, and storage components for thermoelectric generator energy conversion with light‐heat‐electricity.
Rational Design of Highly Comprehensive Liquid‐Like Coatings with Enhanced Transparency, Concerted Multi‐Function, and Excellent Durability: A Ternary Cooperative Strategy
Authors: Su Yang , He Junhui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDurable repellent surfaces of high transparency find key applications in daily life and industry. Nevertheless, developing anti‐reflective coatings with omni‐repellency, concerted multi‐function, and desirable durability remains a daunting challenge. Here, a highly comprehensive coating is designed based on the combination of structural design and molecular design. The resulting silica hybrid coating not only manifests enhanced transparency and exceptional omniphobicity, but also achieves integration of multi‐function (e.g., anti‐smudge, anti‐icing, and anti‐corrosion). The unprecedented durability of the coating is evidenced by maintaining slipperiness after rigorous treatments, such as 2.5 × 105‐cycle mechanical abrasion with a high loading pressure of 100 kPa, 1000‐cycle adhesion/peeling and soaking in extreme pH solutions, etc. This work provides a design blueprint for manufacturing versatile and durable coatings for wide‐ranging applications.
Achieving Almost 100% Selectivity in Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction to Methane via In‐Situ Atmosphere Regulation Strategy
Authors: Zhang Wanyi , Deng Chaoyuan , Wang Wei , Sheng Hua , Zhao Jincai 
Published: July 2024

AbstractArtificial photosynthesis, harnessing solar energy to convert CO2 into hydrocarbons, presents a promising solution for climate change and energy scarcity. However, photocatalytic CO2 reduction often terminates at the CO stage due to limited electron transfer capacity, hindering the formation of higher‐energy hydrocarbons such as CH4. This study introduces, for the first time, an in‐situ atmosphere regulation strategy, refined from molecular imprinting methodologies, using dynamically reacting molecules to precisely engineer photocatalytic surface sites for selective *CO adsorption and hydrogenation in CO2‐to‐CH4 conversion. Specifically, the single‐atom Cu catalyst (Cu‐SA‐CO) is prepared by anchoring single‐atom Cu onto defective TiO2 substrates (Cu‐SA‐CO) under a CO reduction atmosphere. Under illumination, the catalyst exhibited outstanding CH4 selectivity (almost 100%) and productivity (58.5 µmol g−1 h−1). Mechanistic investigations reveal that the coordination environment of the Cu single atoms is significantly affected by dynamically reacting molecules (CO and *CHxO) during synthesis, leading to a Ti‐Cu‐O structure. The structure, with the synergistic interaction between Cu single atoms and oxygen defects, significantly enhances *CO adsorption and hydrogenation, thereby promoting the formation of methane. This work pioneers the use of dynamically reactive molecules as imprinted templates to tune photocatalytic CO2 reduction selectivity, providing a novel avenue for designing efficient photocatalysts.
Monolithic DNApatite: An Elastic Apatite with Sub‐Nanometer Scale Organo–Inorganic Structures
Authors: Lee Jin Woong , Lee Byoungsang , Park Cheol Hyun , Heo Jun Hyuk , Lee Tae Yoon , Lee Dongtak , Bae Jina , Sundharbaabu Priyannth Ramasami , Yeom Won Kyun , Chae Sudong , Lim Jae‐Hyuk , Lee Seok‐Won , Choi Jin‐Seok , Bae Hyung‐Bin , Choi Jae‐Young , Lee Eun‐Ho , Yoon Dae Sung , Yeom Geun Young , Shin Hyunjung , Lee Jung Heon 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHydroxyapatite (HA) exhibits outstanding biocompatibility, bioactivity, osteoconductivity, and natural anti‐inflammatory properties. Pure HA, ion‐doped HA, and HA‐polymer composites are investigated, but critical limitations such as brittleness remain; numerous efforts are being made to address them. Herein, the novel self‐crystallization of a polymeric single‐stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ssDNA) without additional phosphate ions for synthesizing deoxyribonucleic apatite (DNApatite) is presented. The synthesized DNApatite, DNA1Ca2.2(PO4)1.3OH2.1, has a repetitive dual phase of inorganic HA crystals and amorphous organic ssDNA at the sub‐nm scale, forming nanorods. Its mechanical properties, including toughness and elasticity, are significantly enhanced compared with those of HA nanorod, with a Young's modulus similar to that of natural bone.
A High‐Performance Organic Photovoltaic System with Versatile Solution Processability
Authors: Shao Yiming , Gao Yuan , Sun Rui , Yang Xinrong , Zhang Meimei , Liu Shanshan , Min Jie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecently developed organic photovoltaic (OPV) materials have simultaneously closed the gaps in efficiency, stability, and cost for single‐junction devices. Nonetheless, the developed OPV materials still pose big challenges in meeting the requirements for practical applications, especially regarding the prevalent issues of solution processability. Herein, a highly efficient polymer donor, named DP3, incorporating an electron‐rich benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene unit as well as two similar and simple acceptor units is presented. Its primary objective is to enhance the interchain and/or intrachain interactions and ultimately fine‐tune bulk‐heterojunction microstructure. The DP3:L8‐BO system demonstrates the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.12%. This system also exhibits high‐performance devices with over 18% efficiencies for five batches with various molecular weights (23.6–80.8 KDa), six different blend thicknesses (95–308 nm), differenced coating speeds (3.0–29.1 m min−1), with promising PCEs of 18.65% and 15.53% for toluene‐processed small‐area (0.029 cm2) cells and large‐area (15.40 cm2) modules, thereby demonstrating versatile solution processability of the designed DP3:L8‐BO system that is a strong candidate for commercial applications.
A New Adaptive Sliding Mode Reaching Law: Theoretical Design and Simulation Analysis
Authors: Liu Shuangxi , Lin Zehuai , Huang Wei , Yan Binbin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the study (Wang et al. 2014), an adaptive reaching law is developed for sliding mode control (SMC). However, a potential issue arises when the sliding mode surface slides at the neighborhood of the origin, causing the adaptive gain in the mentioned scheme to chatter repeatedly. This results in input command chattering and has a negative impact on the stability of the system. In order to address this problem caused by the adaptive gain and switching function in SMC, and to further improve convergence performance, a new adaptive reaching law is proposed. This proposed reaching law improves upon the previous adaptive gain and ensures stable operation as the new adaptive gain converges to a small neighborhood of the origin. This improvement prevents chattering and guarantees that the tracking error of the system converges within a finite time. Finally, comparative simulation experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed reaching law.