bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental confirmation and bioinformatics reveal biomarkers of immune system infiltration and hypertrophy ligamentum flavum
Authors: Liu Fei , Zhong Min , Yang Lei , Song Chao , Chen Chaoqi , Xu Zhiwei , Zhang Chi , Li Zhifa , Wu Xiaofei , Jiang Chen , Chen Feng , Yan Qian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundHypertrophy ligamentum flavum is a prevalent chronic spinal condition that affects middle‐aged and older adults. However, the molecular pathways behind this disease are not well comprehended.ObjectiveThe objective of this work is to implement bioinformatics techniques in order to identify crucial biological markers and immune infiltration that are linked to hypertrophy ligamentum flavum. Further, the study aims to experimentally confirm the molecular mechanisms that underlie the hypertrophy ligamentum flavum.MethodsThe corresponding gene expression profiles (GSE113212) were selected from a comprehensive gene expression database. The gene dataset for hypertrophy ligamentum flavum was acquired from GeneCards. A network of interactions between proteins was created, and an analysis of functional enrichment was conducted using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) databases. An study of hub genes was performed to evaluate the infiltration of immune cells in patient samples compared to tissues from the control group. Finally, samples of the ligamentum flavum were taken with the purpose of validating the expression of important genes in a clinical setting.ResultsOverall, 27 hub genes that were differently expressed were found through molecular biology. The hub genes were found to be enriched in immune response, chemokine‐mediated signaling pathways, inflammation, ossification, and fibrosis processes, as demonstrated by GO and KEGG studies. The main signaling pathways involved include the TNF signaling pathway, cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, and TGF‐β signaling pathway. An examination of immunocell infiltration showed notable disparities in B cells (naïve and memory) and activated T cells (CD4 memory) between patients with hypertrophic ligamentum flavum and the control group of healthy individuals. The in vitro validation revealed markedly elevated levels of ossification and fibrosis‐related components in the hypertrophy ligamentum flavum group, as compared to the normal group.ConclusionThe TGF‐β signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and related hub genes play crucial roles in the progression of ligamentum flavum hypertrophic. Our study may guide future research on fibrosis of the ligamentum flavum.
Facet deflection and strain are dependent on axial compression and distraction in C5–C7 spinal segments under constrained flexion
Authors: Foroutan Parham , Quarrington Ryan D. , Russo Michael Pyrros , Ding Boyin , Cripton Peter A. , Costi John J. , Jones Claire F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundFacet fractures are frequently associated with clinically observed cervical facet dislocations (CFDs); however, to date there has only been one experimental study, using functional spinal units (FSUs), which has systematically produced CFD with concomitant facet fracture. The role of axial compression and distraction on the mechanical response of the cervical facets under intervertebral motions associated with CFD in FSUs has previously been shown. The same has not been demonstrated in multi‐segment lower cervical spine specimens under flexion loading (postulated to be the local injury vector associated with CFD).MethodsThis study investigated the mechanical response of the bilateral inferior C6 facets of thirteen C5‐C7 specimens (67±13 yr, 6 male) during non‐destructive constrained flexion, superimposed with each of five axial conditions: (1) 50 N compression (simulating weight of the head); (2‐4) 300, 500, and 1000 N compression (simulating the spectrum of intervertebral compression resulting from neck muscle bracing prior to head‐first impact and/or externally applied compressive forces); and, (5) 2 mm of C6/C7 distraction (simulating the intervertebral distraction present during inertial loading of the cervical spine by the weight of the head). Linear mixed‐effects models (α = 0.05) assessed the effect of axial condition.ResultsIncreasing amounts of intervertebral compression superimposed on flexion rotations, resulted in increased facet surface strains (range of estimated mean difference relative to Neutral: maximum principal = 77 to 110 με, minimum principal = 126 to 293 με, maximum shear = 203 to 375 με) and angular deflection of the bilateral inferior C6 facets relative to the C6 vertebral body (range of estimated mean difference relative to Neutral = 0.59° to 1.47°).ConclusionsThese findings suggest increased facet engagement and higher load transfer through the facet joint, and potentially a higher likelihood of facet fracture under the compressed axial conditions.
Attitude towards service robots in tourism and hospitality services settings — The effect of multidimensional anthropomorphism and technology readiness
Authors: Baltaci Furkan , Başer Miraç Yücel , Çelik Mazlum 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe use of technology in tourism is increasing day by day. Service robots are now on the agenda. The success of developments that envisage a new experience for consumer tourists depends on the accurate prediction of tourists' possible attitudes and behaviors and the influencing antecedents. This study examined consumer tourists' attitudes and usage intentions towards service robots on the multidimensional basis of anthropomorphism and technological readiness (TR). A survey was conducted with 1018 tourists in Türkiye face‐to‐face and using QR codes. Findings showed that attitude towards service robots (AR) mediated the relationship between anthropomorphism, technological readiness and intention to use (IS). Participating tourists anthropomorphically focused on the physical appearance of the robots rather than their functions and internal structures. Service robot experience is still limited in the tourism industry. Therefore, the empirical results obtained are guiding theory and practice in terms of academic studies and tourism service providers.
Validation and cross‐cultural adaptation of the Arabic version of the Ear Outcome Survey‐16 (EOS‐16)
Authors: Azar Adel , Mohsen Samer 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Ear Outcome Survey‐16 (EOS‐16) has been validated according to the health‐related quality of life (HRQol) survey guidelines. It has important compatible aspects in evaluating patients with chronic otitis media (COM) suitable for consultation. This study aimed to develop and standardize the Arabic version of the EOS‐16 to be used by clinicians in the Arab world while maintaining the conceptual equivalence.MethodsA prospective cross‐sectional study was conducted in Damascus between July 2023 and November 2023 to develop an Arabic version of the EOS‐16. The translation was produced according to the cross‐cultural adaptation guidelines. Both experts' and participants' opinions as regards face validity were obtained in this study. Internal consistency was evaluated by the Cronbach alpha coefficient. Test–retest reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Pearson correlation.ResultsA total of 81 patients enrolled in the study, with an average age of 34.75 years and a standard deviation of 11.84 years with a sex ratio of 0.62 for females. All had inactive mucosal COM (dry perforation). The overall score of the EOS‐16 survey was 31.72 with a standard deviation of 13.42 suggesting bothering and influencing symptoms in COM patient's daily life. Excellent internal consistency was noted (Cronbach α = .89). Robust correlation was found between test–retest overall scores (r = .90). Reallocation of the items of the EOS‐16 improved the internal consistency of the subdivisions in COM patients.ConclusionThe Arabic version of the EOS‐16 is a simple, clear, reliable, reproducible, and valid HRQoL survey. It is a useful and important instrument that helps physicians in making decisions regarding the patient's treatment and follow‐up.
Determination of Propagation Rate Coefficients of 2‐Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Li Yuxiao , Liu Wentao , Liu Kan , Wang Qingyue , Li Xiaohui , Mastan Erlita , Wu Yuanfeng , Liu Pingwei , Peng Bo , Lim Khak Ho , Wang Wen‐Jun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMechanistic understanding of free radical polymerization (FRP) in aqueous solution is hindered by the lack of kinetic coefficient data. Here, we investigated the propagation rate coefficient (kp) for FRP of HEMA in aqueous solution. The kp at 80 °C increased by 6 times as the monomer weight fraction in aqueous system decreases from 100 wt.% to 6 wt.%, that is., from 6.0 × 103 to 3.3 × 104 L·moL−1·s−1. This increase in kp is associated with the increase in pre‐exponential factor (A), which suggests an increase in entropy with increasing water molecules in the polymerization system. To investigate the effect of solvent on kp, pulse‐laser polymerization in solvents of different hydrogen bonding affinity, that is, 50 wt.% butyl propionate (BP) and dimethyl formamide (DMF), are conducted. The kp obtained are in order of kp,bulk∼kp,BP > kp,DMF, suggesting that the intermolecular hydrogen bonding at carbonyl moieties critically affects the geometry of transition state quasi‐equilibrium in propagation. We underpinned this observation by analyzing the carbonyl and alkene moieties of HEMA in different solvents using infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The mechanistic analyses and insights relating to hydrogen bonding and functional moieties can be relevant for future studies involving non‐aqueous solvents promoting hydrogen bonds.
Sustainable Silica‐Carbon Nanofiber Hybrid Composite Anodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Beaucamp Anne , Calvo Amaia Moreno , Bowman Deaglán , Techouyeres Clotilde , Nulty David Mc , Lizundia Erlantz , Collins Maurice N. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlternative anode materials with increased theoretical specific capacities are under scrutinity as a replacement to graphite in lithium‐ion batteries (LiBs). Silicon oxides offer increased capacities compared to graphite and do not suffer the same level of material expansion as pure Si. Consequently, they are an intermediate commercial anode material, on the pathway toward pure Si anodes. In this study, stable Silica/carbon (SiO2/C) nanofibers are successfully developed from tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) using poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP). The fibers show excellent stability after calcination, with silica evenly dispersed within the fibers exhibiting a surface area of 327 m2 g−1. This study demonstrates that the electrochemical performance of SiO2/C composite anodes is significantly influenced by the silica content. SiO2/C composites with ≈68 at% SiO2 achieve reversible capacities of 315.6 and 300.9 mAh g−1, after the 2nd, and 800th cycles, respectively, at a specific current of 100 mA g−1, with a remarkable capacity retention of 95.3%. In a second stage, lignin is added as a potential nanostructuring agent. The addition of lignin to the sample reduces the amount of silica without significantly impacting its performance and stability. Tailoring the composition of SiO2/C composite anodes enables stable capacity retention over the course of hundreds of cycles.
A Short Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Quality of Life Scale
Authors: Wilkens Ida , Stiel Stephanie , Bebermeier Sarah , Schrag Anette , Greten Stephan , Doll‐Lee Johanna , Wegner Florian , Ye Lan , Heine Johanne , Krey Lea , Höllerhage Matthias , Süß Patrick , Winkler Jürgen , Berg Daniela , Paschen Steffen , Tönges Lars , Gruber Doreen , Gandor Florin , Jost Wolfgang H. , Kühn Andrea A. , Claus Inga , Warnecke Tobias , Pedrosa David J. , Eggers Carsten , Trenkwalder Claudia , Classen Joseph , Schwarz Johannes , Pötter‐Nerger Monika , Kassubek Jan , Schnitzler Alfons , Höglinger Günter U. , Klietz Martin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe Progressive Supranuclear Palsy quality of life scale (PSP‐QoL) has been shown to be a useful tool for capturing health‐related quality of life of patients in “everyday life” and in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) research. However, at 45 items in length, the questionnaire can take a long time, exhausting PSP patients, in particular if cognitive impaired, which can have a negative impact on the assessment. The aim of this study was to establish a condensed version of the PSP‐QoL for research and routine clinical care.MethodsIn this retrospective study, data originating from a German cohort of PSP patients was analyzed. Data from 245 PSP patients were included in this study. The short PSP‐QoL questionnaire was created using a two‐factor solution and item‐total and inter‐item correlations for mental and physical aspects of daily living of the PSP‐QoL followed by confirmatory factor analysis.ResultsThe final scale included 12 items representing mental (five items) and physical symptoms (seven items). The specified two‐factor model displayed an excellent fit in the confirmatory factor analysis. The short Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Quality of Life scale (PSP‐ShoQoL) correlated moderately with the PSP Rating Scale (r [243] = 0.514, P < 0.001) and Geriatric depression scale (r [231] = 0.548, P < 0.001). Sensitivity to change confirmed a significant decrease in QoL after 12 months.DiscussionIn this study, we created a 12‐item PSP‐ShoQoL designed to “facilitate” daily clinical work that correlated strongly with the PSP‐QoL and was sensitive to change. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Parent–provider communication dynamics during the pediatric oncology diagnostic process in Guatemala: A qualitative study
Authors: Williams Anneliese H. , Welcome Bria , Rivas Silvia , Fuentes Lucia , Cáceres‐Serrano Ana , Ferrara Gia , Reeves Tegan , Antillon‐Klussmann Federico , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos , Mack Jennifer W. , Graetz Dylan E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundEffective communication is founded on bidirectional participation from families and healthcare providers. In adult medicine, bidirectional communication promotes treatment adherence and builds the family–provider relationship. However, the relationship between communication styles in pediatrics remains poorly understood, particularly in culturally diverse settings. This study aims to investigate parent–provider communication dynamics and parental involvement during diagnostic cancer communication in Guatemala.ProcedureThis qualitative study included 20 families of children with cancer and 10 providers at Unidad Nacional de Oncología Pediátrica in Guatemala. Psychoeducation and diagnostic conversations between parents, psychologists, and oncologists were recorded and thematically analyzed using a priori and novel codes exploring communication behaviors, parental engagement, and interpersonal dynamics.ResultsParticipating parents had children with various diagnoses. Only 15% of fathers and 5% of mothers reported education beyond primary school. Providers spoke 68% of words during psychoeducation and 85% of words during diagnosis conversations. Providers used supportive communication behaviors providing explanations, demonstrating verbal attentiveness, and soliciting questions and non‐supportive behaviors including paternalistic talk. Parental participation was considered active when they asked questions, expressed hopes or concerns, or asserted their opinions, and non‐active when participation was limited to brief responses to closed‐ended questions. Supportive provider communication often encouraged active participation; non‐supportive communication did not. Furthermore, active parental participation prompted supportive communication from providers, while non‐active participation did not.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the bidirectional nature of effective communication, establishing that provider communication styles both influence and are influenced by parental participation, and emphasizing the importance of supportive provider communication for patient‐centered care.
Penetration, expansion and corrosion behavior of fiber reinforced pipe in fluid containing supercritical CO2
Authors: Wang Guanhui , Qiu Jiajun , Jia Jin , Han Runlin , Li Xiaodan , Liu Xuanyong , Xiao Lin , Zhang Dongxing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSupercritical CO2 (sc‐CO2) was widely used in CO2 flooding projects to enhance the recovery efficiency recently owing to its amazing dissolving capability and permeability. Fiber reinforced pipe (FRP) has exceptional properties that may be widely used in the petrochemical sector for transportation of corrosive fluid in CO2 flooding projects. In this research, a system was designed to simulate the transport behavior of fluids containing CO2 which can reaches the supercritical state by the adjustment of pressure and temperature. The fluid penetrates into the resin interior through the pores and gathers in the cavities at 65°C and 8 MPa. When the temperature and pressure are below the critical point, the CO2 volume expands dramatically, causing inter‐layered micro‐crack. When the environmental conditions repeatedly change above and below the critical point, these cracks will continue to propagate along the fiber arrangement direction, resulting in the fracture progressively grow into the delamination. At the same time, the fluid corrodes the resin in some areas of the surface, generating pitting and a 0.66% loss in resin content. The composition of elements and groups altered after corrosion revealed that a chemical interaction occurred between fluid and epoxy resin. Finally, due to physical and chemical processes produced by penetration, expansion, and dissolution, the stiffness of FRP fell by 3.53% during treatment.Highlights
In the present work, a reactor coated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was built to model the corrosion of FRP in delivery fluids containing sc‐CO2. The corrosion mechanism was shown as a combination action by chemical react and physical behavior comprising penetration, expansion and dissolution.
The physical corrosion mechanism of fluid containing sc‐CO2 was investigated. The fluid containing sc‐CO2 penetrated the FRP via pores and accumulated in cavities. The quick expansion of sc‐CO2 causes delamination while the ambient circumstances remain below the critical threshold. The pitting and resin loss can be linked to the epoxy resin solution in supercritical CO2.
The chemical process, known as hydrolysis, took place on the interior surface of epoxy resin and a fluid containing supercritical CO2. This finally resulted in molecular structural modification.
Combination of taking neuropsychiatric medications and psychological distress in pregnant women, with behavioral problems in children at 2 years of age: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three‐Generation Cohort Study
Authors: Takahashi Ippei , Obara Taku , Kikuchi Saya , Kobayashi Natsuko , Obara Ryo , Noda Aoi , Ohsawa Minoru , Ishikawa Tomofumi , Mano Nariyasu , Nishigori Hidekazu , Ueno Fumihiko , Shinoda Genki , Murakami Keiko , Orui Masatsugu , Ishikuro Mami , Tomita Hiroaki , Kuriyama Shinichi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo examine the association of the combination of taking neuropsychiatric medications from the onset of pregnancy to mid‐pregnancy and maternal psychological distress at mid‐pregnancy, with children's behavioral problems.MethodsNeuropsychiatric medication use from the onset of pregnancy to mid‐pregnancy was defined by the self‐reported name of the neuropsychiatric medication in the questionnaire in early and mid‐pregnancy. Maternal psychological distress was defined by the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) ≥13 on the questionnaire in mid‐pregnancy. We classified the participants into four categories based on the combination of taking neuropsychiatric medications and psychological distress: “None,” “Medications only,” “K6 ≥ 13 only,” and “Both.” Children's behavioral problems were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1½–5 (CBCL) at 2 years of age. The clinical ranges of the internalizing and externalizing scales of the CBCL were defined as behavioral problems. We conducted a multivariable logistic regression analysis to examine the associations between the four categories of maternal exposure and children's behavioral problems.ResultsCompared with the “None” category (n = 9873), the “K6 ≥ 13 only” category (n = 308) was statistically significantly associated with internalizing and externalizing problems. In contrast, the “Medications only” (n = 93) and “Both” (n = 22) categories were not statistically significantly associated with internalizing and externalizing problems, although the point estimates of the odds ratio in the “Both” category were relatively high (1.58 for the internalizing problem and 2.50 for the externalizing problem).ConclusionThe category of mothers taking neuropsychiatric medications and having no psychological distress during pregnancy was not associated with children's behavioral problems in the present population.
Software reliability prediction: A machine learning and approximation Bayesian inference approach
Authors: Oveisi Shahrzad , Moeini Ali , Mirzaei Sayeh , Farsi Mohammad Ali 
Published: July 2024

AbstractReliability growth models are commonly categorized into two primary groups: parametric and non‐parametric models. Parametric models, known as Software Reliability Growth Models (SRGM) rely on a set of hypotheses that can potentially affect the accuracy of model predictions, while non‐parametric models (such as neural networks) can predict the model solely based on training data without any assumptions regarding the model itself. In this paper, we propose several methods to enhance prediction accuracy in software reliability context. More specifically, we, on one hand, introduce two gradient‐based techniques for estimating parameters of classical SRGMs. On the other, we propose methods involving LSTM Encoder–Decoder and Bayesian approximation within Langevin Gradient and Variational inference neural networks. To evaluate our proposed models' performance, we compare them with various neural network‐based software reliability models using three real‐world software failure datasets and utilizing the Mean Square Error (MSE) as a model comparison criterion. The experimental results indicate that our proposed non‐parametric models outperform most classical parametric and non‐parametric models.
Adaptive fuzzy event‐triggered fault‐tolerant control for time‐varying delay switched nonlinear systems with actuator and sensor failures
Authors: Wang Fang , Li Shi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article addresses the problem of adaptive fault‐tolerant event‐triggered control (ETC) for time‐varying delay switched nonlinear systems (SNSs) with actuator and sensor failures. First, in order to address the unknown actuator failures, a fault compensation coefficient is introduced. Then, a mode‐dependent state observer is established to estimate the unknown states. The unknown nonlinear function is approximated by the usage of fuzzy logic systems (FLS). In addition, the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functions are utilized to discuss the influence of time‐varying delays. Then, an adaptive fuzzy fault‐tolerant ETC and a novel event‐triggering mechanism (ETM) are derived. It is proved that the proposed fault‐tolerant controller can ensure that all states of the closed‐loop system (CLS) are semi‐globally uniformly ultimately bounded (SGUUB) by average dwell time (ADT) constraints and the Zeno phenomenon can be excluded. Results of two simulation examples verify that the proposed control method is effective.