bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global Libraries impact planning and assessment progress
Authors: Al Umut , Andrade Blanco Pablo , Chiranov Marcel , Cruz Silva Lina Maria , Devetakova Luba Nikolaeva , Dewata Yulianto , Dryžaite Ieva , Farquharson Fiona , Kochanowicz Maciej , Liubyva Tetiana , López Naranjo Andrea , Phan Quynh Truc , Ralebipi-Simela Rocky , Soydal Irem , Streatfield David , Taolo Resego , Trần Tâm Thị Thanh , Tkachuk Yuliya 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to report on performance measurement and impact assessment progress made in 14 countries as part of the Global Libraries initiative, starting with the early country grants in Mexico and Chile. For the mature grants in Bulgaria, Botswana, Poland, Romania, Ukraine and Viet Nam which were recently completed or are approaching completion, the nature of the country program is outlined, before the impact assessment work is described and some recent results and conclusions are reported. A similar approach is adopted with pilot and new grants in Colombia, Indonesia, South Africa, Turkey and Lithuania.

Design/methodology/approach
– The country reports are presented as a series of case studies, in some cases supplementing those in an earlier special issue of this journal.

Findings
– Where appropriate, recent country-specific survey findings are reported.

Practical implications
– This paper shares Global Libraries IPA learning at country level with people in other countries who may be contemplating public library evaluation at regional, national or local level or who are interested in performance measurement and impact evaluation.

Originality/value
– These cases studies reflect concentrated impact assessment and performance measurement work at country level across a range of countries over more than 12 years.
Fewer new species colonize at low frequency N addition in a temperate grassland
Authors: Zhang Yunhai , Stevens Carly J. , Lü Xiaotao , He Nianpeng , Huang Jianhui , Han Xingguo 
Published: October 2015

Summary

Biologically reactive nitrogen (Nr) enrichment threatens biodiversity in diverse ecosystems. Previous controlled N addition experiments may overestimate the effects of atmospheric Nr deposition on the rate of species loss, as it has been found that low frequency Nr additions, as used in traditional studies, lead to more rapid biodiversity loss. It remains unclear, however, whether the colonization of new species (gain) or extinction of old species (loss) is the cause of this difference.

By independently manipulating the frequency (twice vs. monthly additions year−1) and the rate (from 0 to 50 g N m−2 year−1) of NH4NO3 inputs for six years in a temperate grassland of northern China, we aimed to examine the contribution of gain and loss of species to the reduction in species richness under different regimes of Nr inputs.

Results showed that the gain of new species was higher at a high frequency of N addition than that at a low addition frequency, while loss of existing species was similar between the two frequencies of N addition. The number of new species gained decreased and old species lost increased with the increasing rate of Nr addition at both annual and five‐year intervals. Cumulative gain of new species was negatively correlated with soil acidification, ammonium concentration and community biomass accumulation, whereas cumulative loss of old species was positively correlated with these variables.

Our results revealed lower new species colonization results in lower species richness at low frequency of Nr addition. Findings from this study highlight the important role of N addition frequency in regulating the effects of Nr addition on community dynamics. To assess the effects of atmospheric Nr deposition on ecosystem structure and functioning, it is necessary to assess not only the dose but also the frequency of N addition.
Least‐squares reverse‐time migration in a matrix‐based formulation
Authors: Yao Gang , Jakubowicz Helmut 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThis paper describes least‐squares reverse‐time migration. The method provides the exact adjoint operator pair for solving the linear inverse problem, thereby enhancing the convergence of gradient‐based iterative linear inversion methods. In this formulation, modified source wavelets are used to correct the source signature imprint in the predicted data. Moreover, a roughness constraint is applied to stabilise the inversion and reduce high‐wavenumber artefacts. It is also shown that least‐squares migration implicitly applies a deconvolution imaging condition. Three numerical experiments illustrate that this method is able to produce seismic reflectivity images with higher resolution, more accurate amplitudes, and fewer artefacts than conventional reverse‐time migration. The methodology is currently feasible in 2‐D and can naturally be extended to 3‐D when computational resources become more powerful.
The role of relationships and families in healing from trauma
Authors: López‐Zerón Gabriela , Blow Adrian 
Published: October 2015

The effects of trauma and its treatment have a central role in health discussions in that trauma exposure is associated with an array of mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, and substance abuse. Treatment approaches are varied, but most empirically based protocols are individually focused, targeting intrapersonal difficulties. Although these protocols are critical, they do not directly address the relationship difficulties that may arise for survivors. In addition, limited empirical evidence supports using systemic approaches in trauma treatment. This article addresses this issue by summarizing the most salient individual and relational evidence‐based trauma protocols and by providing a description of common factors among these approaches, while also challenging the field to generate more research that emphasizes systemic interventions as a core consideration in treatment. A case study is included to illustrate the global relevance and benefit of systemic trauma approaches.Practitioner points

Trauma should be treated as an event that affects everyone in the family and is nested in societal and cultural contexts.
Close relationships can maintain or exacerbate problems, but they can also be a powerful source of healing.
Systemic protocols that not only address intrapersonal difficulties, but also focus on survivors’ relationships are critical for healing in the aftermath of trauma.
Miscibility of Quillaja Saponins with other Co‐surfactants under Different pH Values
Authors: Reichert Corina L. , Salminen Hanna , Leuenberger Bruno H. , Hinrichs Jörg , Weiss Jochen 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe miscibility behavior of mixed surfactant systems and the influence of extrinsic parameters are crucial for their application as emulsifiers. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the miscibility behavior of mixed systems composed of commercial Quillaja saponin and a co‐surfactant, namely sodium caseinate, pea protein, rapeseed lecithin, or egg lecithin. These mixtures were evaluated macro‐ and microscopically at different concentration ratios (maximum concentration 5% w/v) at pH 3, 5, and 7 at 25 °C. The individual ingredients were also assessed for their charge properties and surface hydrophobicity. The results showed that Quillaja saponin–caseinate mixtures were miscible only at pH 7, and showed aggregation and precipitation at lower pH due to increasing electrostatic attraction forces. Rheological measurements showed that Quillaja saponin‐pea protein mixtures formed gelled structures at all tested pH values mainly via association of hydrophobic patches. Quillaja saponins mixed with rapeseed lecithin were miscible at all tested pH values due to electrostatic repulsion. Quillaja saponin–egg lecithin mixtures aggregated independent of pH and concentration ratio. The microscopic analysis revealed that the lower the pH and the higher the Quillaja saponin ratio, the denser were the formed Quillaja saponin–egg lecithin aggregates. The results are summarized in ternary phase diagrams that provide a useful tool in selecting a surfactant system for food applications.
Is Impaired Comfort a Nursing Diagnosis?
Authors: Pinto Sara Maria Oliveira , Caldeira Berenguer Sílvia Maria Alves , Martins José Carlos Amado 
Published: October 2015

ObjectiveDiscussion of the “Impaired Comfort” nursing diagnosis.MethodsDiscussion paper based on the authors' ongoing PhD research about the development of comfort as a complex intervention.FindingsWhen the patient has impaired comfort, the nursing intervention should be specific to the etiological factor. Some arguments are raised about impaired comfort as a nursing diagnosis and the discussion is led about the possibility of the referred diagnosis being considered a syndrome.ConclusionsNew proposals are presented for the nursing classification based on theoretical knowledge development and current scientific evidence.Implications for NursingThe results can contribute to better decision‐making and clinical reasoning, namely in terms of the nursing process, and contribute to safer, rational, efficient, and effective nursing care.
Proteomic profiling of eggs from a hybrid abalone and its parental lines: Haliotis discus hannai Ino and Haliotis gigantea
Authors: Di Guilan , Luo Xuan , Huang Miaoqin , Chen Jun , Kong Xianghui , Miao Xiulian , Ke Caihuan 
Published: October 2015

SummaryProteomic analysis was performed on the eggs of hybrid abalone and their corresponding parental lines. A total of 915 ± 19 stained protein spots were detected from Haliotis discus hannai♀ × H. discus hannai♂ (DD), 935 ± 16 from H. gigantea♀ × H. gigantea♂ (GG) and 923 ± 13 from H. gigantea♀ × H. discus hannai♂ (GD). The spots from DD and GD were clustered together. The distance between DD and GG was maximal by hierarchical cluster analysis. A total of 112 protein gel spots were identified; of these, 59 were abalone proteins. The proteins were involved in major biological processes including energy metabolism, proliferation, apoptosis, signal transduction, immunity, lipid metabolism, electron carrier proteins, protein biosynthesis and decomposition, and cytoskeletal structure. Three of 20 differential expression protein spots involved in energy metabolism exhibited as upregulated in GD, 13 spots exhibited additivity, and four spots exhibited as downregulated in the offspring. Eleven protein spots were expressed at the highest level in DD. The proteins involved in stress responses included superoxide dismutase, peroxiredoxin 6, thioredoxin peroxidase and glutathione‐S‐transferase. Two of seven differential expression protein spots involved in response to stress exhibited as upregulated in GD, three exhibited additivity, and two exhibited as downregulated. These results might suggest that proteomic approaches are suitable for the analysis of hybrids and the functional prediction of abalone hybridization.
An exploration of the priority remote health personnel give to the development of the Indigenous Health Worker oral health role and why: Unexpected findings
Authors: Walker David , Tennant Marc , Short Stephanie D. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectiveThis research was undertaken to explore the priority given by remote area health personnel to the development of the oral health role of Indigenous Health Workers and the rationale for this prioritisation.DesignSemistructured individual interviews and focus group interviews were undertaken with remote area health personnel working alongside Indigenous Health Workers.SettingThree Indigenous community clinics and two regional centres of remote northern Australia.ParticipantsInterviews were conducted with 32 remote health personnel (11 dental, 14 nursing, 5 medical and 2 allied health personnel).ResultsThe findings highlight the strong support found among remote health personnel for the development of the Indigenous Health Worker oral health role emphasising not only the perceived high impact of oral disease on the health of community members and community health resources, but also on the clinical practice of remote health personnel.ConclusionIn identifying the high priority given to the development of this role, the study has also highlighted the impact of oral disease on the practice of remote health personnel and the need to develop training for remote health personnel to respond to oral disease.
Is the National Registration website (Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency) effective in tracking Australian medical graduates’ rural work?
Authors: Playford Denese , Power Phoebe , Boothroyd Alarna , Manickavasagar Usha , Ng Wen Qi , Riley Geoff 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectiveThis study compared rural location identified through the National Registration (AHPRA) registry with location obtained through labour‐intensive personal contact.DesignLongitudinal cohort study with two methods to identify the work locations of medical graduates from The Rural Clinical School of Western Australia (RCSWA).ParticipantsConsenting alumni from the University of Western Australia and the University of Notre Dame Fremantle participating in RCSWA between 2002 and 2009 inclusive and available to contact in 2011.Main outcome measurePercentage location matches between two contact methods.ResultsThere was 80% agreement for principal suburb, 92% agreement for principal city and 94% agreement for principal state between RCSWA personal contact and the AHPRA registry. AHPRA identified nearly two times as many graduate locations. However, there was only 31% agreement for a rural placement location (of any length). In more detail, for year‐long rural placement, personal contact was 88% concordant with AHPRA; work six months or more were less concordant (44% agreement); work less than six months were not concordant (4% agreement).ConclusionsAHPRA data matched RCSWA alumni data only for graduates in full‐time rural work. Since medical alumni spend up to 10 years in pre‐vocational and vocational training, which includes many rural options, personal contact was able to pick up the myriad of rural choices, whereas the AHPRA database was not sensitive enough to identify them. Until graduates have stably finished training, the optimal method to identify rural work is through personal contact but statistical correction for missing data needs to be considered.
Asthenozoospermia and membrane remodeling enzymes: a new role for phospholipase A2
Authors: Anfuso C. D. , Olivieri M. , Bellanca S. , Salmeri M. , Motta C. , Scalia M. , Satriano C. , La Vignera S. , Burrello N. , Caporarello N. , Lupo G. , Calogero A. E. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryPhosholipase A2 (PLA2) activity in the seminal plasma and in sperm heads is closely related to sperm motility and male fertility. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the possible involvement of different isoforms of phospholipase in asthenozoospermia. To accomplish this, cPLA2, phospho‐cPLA2, iPLA2, and sPLA2 were evaluated by immunofluorescence and immunoblot analyses in spermatozoa obtained from 22 normozoospermic men and 28 asthenozoospermic patients. We found significant differences in cPLA2 and its phosphorylated/activated form, iPLA2, and sPLA2 content and distribution in normal and asthenozoospermic patients. cPLA2 was localized in heads, midpieces, and tails of all spermatozoa as constitutive enzyme, less expressed in the tail of spermatozoa with low progressive motility. While active phospho‐cPLA2 distribution was homogeneous throughout the cell body of control‐donor spermatozoa, lower levels were detected in the tails of asthenozoospermic patients, as opposed to its strong presence in heads. Low immunofluorescence signal for iPLA2 was found in astenozoospermic patients, whereas sPLA2 was significantly lower in the heads of asthenozoospermic patients. Spermatozoa with low progressive motility showed differences both in terms of total specific activity and of intracellular distribution. cPLA2, iPLA2, and sPLA2 specific activities correlated positively and in a significantly manner with sperm progressive motility both in normozoospermic men and asthenozoospermic patients. In conclusion, PLA2s are expressed in different areas of human spermatozoa. Spermatozoa with low motility showed differences in total specific activity and enzyme distributions. We speculated that PLA2 expression and/or different distribution could be potential biomarkers of asthenozoospermia, one of the major causes of male factor infertility.
Erectile dysfunction as a predictor of advanced vascular age
Authors: Djordjevic D. , Vukovic I. , Milenkovic Petronic D. , Radovanovic G. , Seferovic J. , Micic S. , Kisic Tepavcevic D. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryVascular age (VA) represents chronological age (CA) adjusted for individual's atherosclerotic burden. The presence of erectile dysfunction (ED) has been considered as a clinical sentinel of premature atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to explore the predictive value of ED in assessing the discrepancy between VA and CA. In the period from 1 January 2014 to 1 January 2015, all consecutive men referring to the outpatient departments of the Clinics of Urology and Cardiology in Belgrade (Serbia) were considered for enrolment in this cross‐sectional study. General exclusion criteria were: age below 18, heart failure, history of myocardial infarction, impaired renal and liver function, acute infection, history of endocrine disease other than type 2 diabetes, pelvic surgery or trauma, and acute coronary syndrome within the last 6 months. According to the presence of ED, hypertension, type 2 diabetes and history of coronary artery disease participants were assigned into five study groups. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to identify the predictive value of ED in detection of advanced VA. The mean age of males enrolled in the study was 52.9 ± 7.7 years. The predominance of VA over CA was statistically significantly higher in the group of participants with coexistence of ED and hypertension compared to the group of patients with ED and type 2 diabetes (p = 0.027) and the group of patients with ED (p = 0.014) and control group (p < 0.01). Regression analysis highlighted that ED represented a highly important marker (p < 0.01) of advanced VA, which independently accounted for 6.1% of the variance in the discrepancy between VA and CA. Our study suggests that assessment of ED could be a part of a more comprehensive prediction of patients’ advanced VA. Screening among such a highly selected population may help identify those that would most benefit from drug treatments and life style changes.
The impact of high‐dose acetylcholine on bovine corneal epithelium
Authors: Ringvold Amund , Reubsaet J. Leon E. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPurposeIon channels are formed when acetylcholine (ACh) combines with specific receptors on the postsynaptic membrane. We are testing whether this occurs in vitro in corneal epithelial cells when exposed to ACh, using intracellular ascorbic acid (AA) as a tracer.MethodsThe corneal epithelium was separated from Bowman's membrane as an intact sheet with thermolysin (TL). These cells were incubated in a medium containing phospholine iodide (Phi) to block acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and then, five different groups of specimens were examined: the basic level of ACh and AA in the cells was tested in groups I and II, respectively. In groups III‐V, the culture medium was supplemented with AA, ACh and ACh+AA, respectively, and following 2 hr of incubation the cells were tested for AA. AA was determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection, and ACh by LC‐MS/MS.ResultsThe ACh concentration in the corneal epithelial cells was 23.7 ng/mg wet weight. AA values were as follows: preexposure 0.17 mg/g. After exposure to AA, ACh and ACh+AA, the values were 0.30, 0.12 and 0.21 mg/g, respectively. The AA concentration mechanism of the corneal epithelium was intact despite exposure to Phi and ACh.ConclusionThe main observation is that the AA content of the corneal epithelium drops in response to ACh exposure. Various explanations are discussed, in particular the possibility that ACh exposure may cause cell membrane leakage through pores (nicotinic receptors). This would be similar to the moderate membrane leakage (depolarization) in neural synapses in response to ACh release. Interesting in vivo consequences may occur when considering that AChE is extremely UV sensitive, as this substance could be a target at which actinic radiation may influence the ACh‐AChE complex in this epithelium.
Five‐Year Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Patients Rehabilitated with Immediately Loaded Maxillary Cross‐Arch Fixed Dental Prosthesis Supported by Four or Six Implants Placed Using Guided Surgery
Authors: Tallarico Marco , Meloni Silvio Mario , Canullo Luigi , Caneva Martina , Polizzi Giovanni 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPurposeTo compare the 5‐year clinical and radiological outcomes of patients rehabilitated with four or six implants placed using guided surgery and immediate function concept.Materials and MethodsForty patients randomly received four (All‐on‐4) or six (All‐on‐6) immediately loaded implants, placed using guided surgery, to support a cross‐arch fixed dental prosthesis. Outcome measures were survival rates of implants and prostheses, complications, peri‐implant marginal bone loss, and periodontal parameters.ResultsNo drop‐out occurred. Seven implants failed at the 5‐year follow‐up examination: six in the All‐on‐6 group (5%) and one in the All‐on‐4 group (1.25%), with no statistically significant differences (p = .246). No prosthetic failure occurred. Both group experienced some technical and biologic complications with no statistically significant differences between groups (p = .501). All‐on‐4 treatment concept demonstrated a trend of more complications during the entire follow‐up period. A trend of more implant failure was experienced for the All‐on‐6 treatment concept. Marginal bone loss (MBL) from baseline to the 5‐year follow‐up was not statistically different between All‐on‐4 (1.71 ± 0.42 mm) and All‐on‐6 (1.51 ± 0.36 mm) groups (p = .12). For periodontal parameters, there were no differences between groups (p > .05).ConclusionBoth approaches may represent a predictable treatment option for the rehabilitation of complete edentulous patients in the medium term. Longer randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm these results.