bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Job Demands and Job Control as Predictors of Depressive Symptoms: Moderating Effects of Negative Childhood Socioemotional Experiences
Authors: Pulkki‐Råback Laura , Elovainio Marko , Virtanen Marianna , Kivimäki Mika , Hintsanen Mirka , Hintsa Taina , Jokela Markus , Puttonen Sampsa , Joensuu Matti , Lipsanen Jari , Raitakari Olli T. , Keltikangas‐Järvinen Liisa 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThere have been calls to know more about vulnerability factors that may predispose to adverse health outcomes at work. We examined if childhood adverse experiences would affect vulnerability to psychosocial stress factors at work. A nationally representative sample of 1546 Finnish men and women was followed up from childhood to adulthood. Childhood adverse experiences consisted of socioeconomic and emotional factors. Job demands and job control were measured 21 years later, and depressive symptoms were measured 21 and 27 years after the childhood measurements. Job demands predicted depressive symptoms over 6 years, and the association was modified by childhood emotional adversity. Participants with three or more emotional adversities in childhood had more depressive symptoms in response to high job demands compared with participants with zero or one emotional adversities in childhood (Betas = −1.40 and −2.01, ps < 0.05 and <0.01). No such moderating effect by childhood adverse experiences was found for the association between job control and depressive symptoms. Although modest in effect size, these findings provide a developmental viewpoint for understanding the role of childhood experiences in work‐related stress factors. Such knowledge can enhance understanding of individual differences in vulnerability to the demands of working life. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pak2 Regulates Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Proliferation, Survival, and Differentiation
Authors: Zeng Yi , Broxmeyer Hal E. , Staser Karl , Chitteti Brahmananda Reddy , Park Su-Jung , Hahn Seongmin , Cooper Scott , Sun Zejin , Jiang Li , Yang XianLin , Yuan Jin , Kosoff Rachelle , Sandusky George , Srour Edward F. , Chernoff Jonathan , Clapp D. Wade 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
p21-Activated kinase 2 (Pak2), a serine/threonine kinase, has been previously shown to be essential for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) engraftment. However, Pak2 modulation of long-term hematopoiesis and lineage commitment remain unreported. Using a conditional Pak2 knockout mouse model, we found that disruption of Pak2 in HSCs induced profound leukopenia and a mild macrocytic anemia. Although loss of Pak2 in HSCs leads to less efficient short- and long-term competitive hematopoiesis than wild-type cells, it does not affect HSC self-renewal per se. Pak2 disruption decreased the survival and proliferation of multicytokine stimulated immature progenitors. Loss of Pak2 skewed lineage differentiation toward granulocytopoiesis and monocytopoiesis in mice as evidenced by (a) a three- to sixfold increase in the percentage of peripheral blood granulocytes and a significant increase in the percentage of granulocyte-monocyte progenitors in mice transplanted with Pak2-disrupted bone marrow (BM); (b)Pak2-disrupted BM and c-kit+ cells yielded higher numbers of more mature subsets of granulocyte-monocyte colonies and polymorphonuclear neutrophils, respectively, when cultured in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Pak2 disruption resulted, respectively, in decreased and increased gene expression of transcription factors JunB and c-Myc, which may suggest underlying mechanisms by which Pak2 regulates granulocyte-monocyte lineage commitment. Furthermore, Pak2 disruption led to (a) higher percentage of CD4+CD8+ double positive T cells and lower percentages of CD4+CD8− or CD4−CD8+ single positive T cells in thymus and (b) decreased numbers of mature B cells and increased numbers of Pre-Pro B cells in BM, suggesting defects in lymphopoiesis. Stem Cells 2015;33:1630–1641
Automated metamorphic testing of variability analysis tools
Authors: Segura Sergio , Durán Amador , Sánchez Ana B. , Berre Daniel Le , Lonca Emmanuel , Ruiz‐Cortés Antonio 
Published: January 2015

SummaryVariability determines the capability of software applications to be configured and customized. A common need during the development of variability‐intensive systems is the automated analysis of their underlying variability models, for example, detecting contradictory configuration options. The analysis operations that are performed on variability models are often very complex, which hinders the testing of the corresponding analysis tools and makes difficult, often infeasible, to determine the correctness of their outputs, that is, the well‐known oracle problem in software testing. In this article, we present a generic approach for the automated detection of faults in variability analysis tools overcoming the oracle problem. Our work enables the generation of random variability models together with the exact set of valid configurations represented by these models. These test data are generated from scratch using stepwise transformations and assuring that certain constraints (a.k.a. metamorphic relations) hold at each step. To show the feasibility and generalizability of our approach, it has been used to automatically test several analysis tools in three variability domains: feature models, common upgradeability description format documents and Boolean formulas. Among other results, we detected 19 real bugs in 7 out of the 15 tools under test. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The efficacy of a selamectin (Stronghold®) spot on treatment in the prevention of Bartonella henselae transmission by Ctenocephalides felis in cats, using a new high-challenge model
Authors: Bouhsira Emilie , Franc Michel , Lienard Emmanuel , Bouillin Corinne , Gandoin Christelle , Geurden Thomas , Becskei Csilla , Jacquiet Philippe , Thomas Anne , Boulouis Henri Jean 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBartonella henselaeis the causative agent of cat scratch disease in humans, which is recognized as an emerging zoonotic disease.Ctenocephalides felisis the main vector, and transmission ofB. henselaeinfection between cats and humans occurs mainly through infected flea feces. Control of feline infestation with this arthropod vector therefore provides an important strategy for the prevention of infection of both humans and cats. In the present study, a new challenge model is used to evaluate the efficacy of selamectin (Stronghold®spot on) in the prevention ofB. henselaetransmission byC. felis. In this new challenge model, domestic cats were infected by direct application ofB. henselae-positive fleas. The fleas used for infestation were infected by feeding on blood that contained in vitro-culturedB. henselae. The direct application of the fleas to the animals and the use of differentB. henselaestrains ensured a high and consistent challenge. Two groups of six cats were randomly allocated on pre-treatment flea counts to either control (untreated cats) or the selamectin-treated group with one pipette per cat according to the label instruction. Stronghold (selamectin 6 % spot on solution) was administered on days 0 and 32. On days 3, 10, 19, 25, and 31, each cat was infested by direct application of 20 fleas that fed on blood inoculated withB. henselae. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on pooled fleas confirmed that the fleas were infected. Blood samples were collected from each cat on days −3 (prior to flea infestation and treatment), 9, 17, 24, 30, 37, and 44 and assayed forB. henselaeantibodies using an indirect immunofluorescence (IFA), for the presence of bacteria by bacterial culture and forB. henselaeDNA presence by PCR. Cats were also assessed on a daily basis for general health. There were no abnormal health observations during the study and none of the animals required concomitant treatment. None of the cats displayed any clinical signs of bartonellosis during the study. In the untreated group, all cats became bacteremic within 17 to 44 days. None of the selamectin-treated cats became positive during the study. It was concluded that Stronghold®spot on administered to cats was efficacious in the prevention of the transmission ofB. henselaeby fleas to cats in a high-challenge model.
Analysis of Four Recruitment Methods for Obtaining Normative Data through a Web-Based Questionnaire: A Pilot Study
Authors: Nolte Michael T. , Shauver Melissa J. , Chung Kevin C. 
Published: January 2015

Background Quality normative data requires a diverse sample of participants and plays an important role in the appropriate use of health outcomes. Using social media and other online resources for survey recruitment is a tempting prospect, but the effectiveness of these methods in collecting a diverse sample is unknown. The purpose of this study is to pilot test four methods of recruitment to determine their ability to produce a sample representative of the general US population. Methods This project is part of a larger study to gather normative data for the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (MHQ). We used flyers, e-mail, Facebook, and an institution-specific clinical research recruitment Web site to direct participants to complete an online version of the MHQ. Participants also provided comorbidity and demographic information. Results The institution-specific recruitment Web site yielded the greatest number of respondents in an age distribution that mirrored the US population. Facebook was effective for recruiting young adults, and e-mail was successful for recruiting the older adults. None of the methods was successful in reaching an ethnically diverse sample. Conclusions Obtaining normative data that is truly representative of the US population is a difficult task. The use of any one recruitment method is unlikely to result in a representative sample, but a greater understanding of these methods will empower researchers to use them to target specific populations. This pilot analysis provides support for the use of Facebook and clinical research sites in addition to traditional methods of e-mail and paper flyers.
The Influence of Dominant Limb Involvement on DASH and QuickDASH
Authors: Kachooei Amir Reza , Moradi Ali , Janssen Stein Jasper , Ring David 
Published: January 2015

Purpose The purpose of this study is to determine whether involvement of the dominant limb affects Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder and Hand (DASH) scores. Methods A convenience sample of 948 patients from 12 prospective studies that recorded hand dominance, affected side, diagnosis, and a DASH or QuickDASH score was used to assess the influence of involvement of the dominant limb on DASH scores. Diagnosis was categorized as traumatic and nontraumatic. Region was categorized as hand and wrist, elbow, and arm and shoulder. Results In bivariate analysis, involvement of the dominant limb, diagnosis, region, and sex had significant influence on DASH/QuickDASH score. In multivariable analysis, dominant hand condition, traumatic diagnosis, arm and shoulder involvement, and female sex were associated with significantly higher DASH scores (more disability), but accounted for only 10 % of the variability in scores. Conclusion Upper extremity disability as measured by the DASH is slightly, but significantly greater when the dominant limb is involved. Level of evidence: Prognostic level II
SAPHO syndrome: A review
Authors: Rukavina Iva 
Published: January 2015

Introduction Synovitis–acne–pustulosis–hyperostosis–osteitis (SAPHO) is an acronym for various osteoarticular and dermatological manifestations that can appear in the same patient. It is a rare syndrome, but since its awareness has increased, there have been more and more such reports in the literature. Aims The objectives of this review are to summarize the current state of knowledge on pediatric and adult-onset SAPHO syndrome, and to discuss treatment strategies that should be considered. Results The SAPHO syndrome can affect patients of any age, and its etiology is still not known. The syndrome has its cognizable radiological characteristics that are most important in making the diagnosis. There are several diagnostic criteria as well, but they need further validation. No standard treatment protocols are available and current treatment options are not evidenced-based due to the rarity of the syndrome. Therapy is empirical and aimed at easing pain and modifying the inflammatory process. It includes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as the first-line agents. Antibiotics, corticosteroids, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, biologicals targeting tumor necrosis factor alpha or interleukin-1, and bisphosphonates have all been used with variable success. Surgery is reserved to treat complications. Even though it is a disease with good long-term prognosis, its treatment remains a challenge and the results are known to be disappointing, especially with the skin component of the disease. Conclusion It is expected that these patients present at the time of diagnosis and the treatment should be as early, effective, and safe as possible in order to prevent osteoarticular progression and to limit the adverse events associated with pharmacological drugs.
Constructing projective varieties in weighted flag varieties II
Authors: QURESHI MUHAMMAD IMRAN 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe give the construction of weighted Lagrangian GrassmannianswLGr(3,6) and weighted partialA3flag varietywFL1,3coming from the symplectic Lie group Sp(6, ℂ) and the general linear group GL(4, ℂ) respectively. We give general formulas for their Hilbert series in terms of Lie theoretic data. We use them as key varieties (Format) to construct some families of polarized 3-folds in codimension 7 and 9. Finally, we list all the distinct weighted flag varieties in codimension (4 ⩽c⩽ 10.
Severely impaired health status of non-notified Q fever patients leads to an underestimation of the true burden of disease
Authors: VAN LOENHOUT J. A. F. , WIELDERS C. C. H. , MORROY G. , COX M. J. M. , VAN DER HOEK W. , HAUTVAST J. L. A. , PAGET W. J. , VAN DER VELDEN J. 
Published: January 2015

SUMMARYQ fever patients are often reported to experience a long-term impaired health status, including fatigue, which can persist for many years. During the large Q fever epidemic in The Netherlands, many patients with a laboratory-confirmedCoxiella burnetiiinfection were not notified as acute Q fever because they did not fulfil the clinical criteria of the acute Q fever case definition (fever, pneumonia and/or hepatitis). Our study assessed and compared the long-term health status of notified and non-notified Q fever patients at 4 years after onset of illness, using the Nijmegen Clinical Screening Instrument (NCSI). The study included 448 notified and 193 non-notified Q fever patients. The most severely affected subdomain in both patient groups was ‘Fatigue’ (50·5% of the notified and 54·6% of the non-notified patients had severe fatigue). Long-term health status did not differ significantly between the notified and non-notified patient groups, and patients scored worse on all subdomains compared to a healthy reference group. Our findings suggest that the magnitude of the 2007–2009 Q fever outbreak in The Netherlands was underestimated when only notified patients according to the European Union case definition are considered.
Identifying early pathways of risk and resilience: The codevelopment of internalizing and externalizing symptoms and the role of harsh parenting
Authors: Wiggins Jillian Lee , Mitchell Colter , Hyde Luke W. , Monk Christopher S. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractPsychological disorders co-occur often in children, but little has been done to document the types of conjoint pathways internalizing and externalizing symptoms may take from the crucial early period of toddlerhood or how harsh parenting may overlap with early symptom codevelopment. To examine symptom codevelopment trajectories, we identified latent classes of individuals based on internalizing and externalizing symptoms across ages 3–9 and found three symptom codevelopment classes: normative symptoms (low), severe-decreasing symptoms (initially high but rapidly declining), and severe symptoms (high) trajectories. Next, joint models examined how parenting trajectories overlapped with internalizing and externalizing symptom trajectories. These trajectory classes demonstrated that, normatively, harsh parenting increased after toddlerhood, but the severe symptoms class was characterized by a higher level and a steeper increase in harsh parenting and the severe-decreasing class by high, stable harsh parenting. In addition, a transactional model examined the bidirectional relationships among internalizing and externalizing symptoms and harsh parenting because they may cascade over time in this early period. Harsh parenting uniquely contributed to externalizing symptoms, controlling for internalizing symptoms, but not vice versa. In addition, internalizing symptoms appeared to be a mechanism by which externalizing symptoms increase. Results highlight the importance of accounting for both internalizing and externalizing symptoms from an early age to understand risk for developing psychopathology and the role harsh parenting plays in influencing these trajectories.
Climate variability and international migration: an empirical analysis
Authors: Coniglio Nicola D. , Pesce Giovanni 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIs international migration an adaptation strategy to sudden or gradual climatic shocks? In this paper we investigate the direct and the indirect role of climatic shocks in developing countries as a determinant of out-migration flows toward rich OECD countries in the period 1990–2001. Contrarily to the bulk of existing studies, we use a macro approach and explicitly consider the heterogeneity of climatic shocks (type, size, sign of shocks and seasonal effects). Our results show that the occurrence of adverse climatic events in origin countries has significative direct and indirect effects on out-migration from poor to rich countries.
Health-Related Quality of Life and Social Support in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Cassarino-Perez Luciana , Dell’Aglio Débora Dalbosco 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThis study investigated the correlations between health-related quality of life and social support in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Participants were 102 adolescents between 12 and 17 years old, who were patients of a healthcare program in the city of Porto Alegre, south of Brazil. Two questionnaires, the KIDSCREEN-52 and the Brazilian version of Social Support Appraisals, were used to evaluate health-related quality of life and social support. Results showed good quality of life and social support levels. Strong correlations were verified between social support and three of the KIDSCREEN-52 dimensions: psychological well-being (r = .63; p < .01); peers and social support (r = .67; p < .01) and school environment (r = .64; p < .01). Analysis of linear regression showed that gender, age and social support are variables associated with health-related quality of life, explaining 52.6% of variance. Results revealed the impact of the disease to young people, and can help to find strategies to improve care in these cases.
Engineering two-dimensional superconductivity and Rashba spin–orbit coupling in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 quantum wells by selective orbital occupancy
Authors: Herranz Gervasi , Singh Gyanendra , Bergeal Nicolas , Jouan Alexis , Lesueur Jérôme , Gázquez Jaume , Varela María , Scigaj Mateusz , Dix Nico , Sánchez Florencio , Fontcuberta Josep 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe discovery of two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) at oxide interfaces—involving electrons in narrow d-bands—has broken new ground, enabling the access to correlated states that are unreachable in conventional semiconductors based on s- and p- electrons. There is a growing consensus that emerging properties at these novel quantum wells—such as 2D superconductivity and magnetism—are intimately connected to specific orbital symmetries in the 2DEG sub-band structure. Here we show that crystal orientation allows selective orbital occupancy, disclosing unprecedented ways to tailor the 2DEG properties. By carrying out electrostatic gating experiments in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 wells of different crystal orientations, we show that the spatial extension and anisotropy of the 2D superconductivity and the Rashba spin–orbit field can be largely modulated by controlling the 2DEG sub-band filling. Such an orientational tuning expands the possibilities for electronic engineering of 2DEGs at LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces.
Geographically varying associations between personality and life satisfaction in the London metropolitan area
Authors: Jokela Markus , Bleidorn Wiebke , Lamb Michael E. , Gosling Samuel D. , Rentfrow Peter J. 
Published: January 2015

Significance
Recent studies in geographical psychology have demonstrated regional variations in personality—people with similar personality traits are more likely to be found in some regions than others. What is the psychological significance of such spatial clustering? Our study was motivated by the person–environment hypothesis, which postulates that the match between people’s personality and neighborhood characteristics is important for people’s life satisfaction. The results showed that personality traits were differently related to life satisfaction in different postal districts of London metropolitan area, and these varying associations were related to specific neighborhood characteristics, such as population density and ethnic heterogeneity. These findings demonstrate how individuals with different personality dispositions derive life satisfaction from different aspects of their social and physical environments.
Computer-based personality judgments are more accurate than those made by humans
Authors: Youyou Wu , Kosinski Michal , Stillwell David 
Published: January 2015

SignificanceThis study compares the accuracy of personality judgment—a ubiquitous and important social-cognitive activity—between computer models and humans. Using several criteria, we show that computers’ judgments of people’s personalities based on their digital footprints are more accurate and valid than judgments made by their close others or acquaintances (friends, family, spouse, colleagues, etc.). Our findings highlight that people’s personalities can be predicted automatically and without involving human social-cognitive skills.
Reduced autophagy in livers of fasted, fat-depleted, ghrelin-deficient mice: Reversal by growth hormone
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Fang Fei , Goldstein Joseph L. , Brown Michael S. , Zhao Tong-Jin 
Published: January 2015

Significance
Famine kills millions of people each year. Survival requires the maintenance of blood glucose. Famine depletes body fat, thereby removing a source of energy for hepatic glucose production. Here we used a mouse model of fat depletion to show that growth hormone (GH) maintains blood sugar by stimulating hepatic autophagy, the process by which the liver digests its organelles to provide energy and substrates for producing glucose. When fat-depleted mice are fasted, their stomachs secrete ghrelin, a GH secretagogue. The resultant elevation in GH stimulates hepatic autophagy. In mice lacking ghrelin, GH fails to rise appropriately, hepatic autophagy is reduced, and mice die from hypoglycemia. These studies demonstrate a ghrelin-GH-autophagy axis that is required for survival in famine.