bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Private Tutoring as a Relief or Burden? Changes in Parental Beliefs About Young Children's English Learning in China
Authors: Zeng Chun , Yung Kevin Wai‐Ho 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe increasing trend of early English education has promoted the rapid growth of English private tutoring (EPT) for children, which garners attention in research as a global educational phenomenon. In China, EPT for children experienced a fervent expansion under neoliberalism. However, a recent policy (Double‐Reduction Policy) has banned EPT for preschoolers (age 3–6), creating a unique context where state‐led neoliberalism prevails. This study employs narrative inquiry to investigate the changes in beliefs about young children's English learning among three Chinese parents who enrolled their children in EPT. Data were gleaned through interviews, observations, informal conversations, and collection of parent‐recorded videos and artifacts over a year of fieldwork. The findings reveal that parents hold contradictory beliefs at different times, and the belief changes were interacted inextricably with the tensions experienced by these parents, including pressure from EPT and challenges from the policy. EPT was initially perceived as relief but eventually became burdensome. This study sheds light on the dynamic and intricate nature of parental beliefs, as well as the tensions arising from the interplay between neoliberalism and policy shifts in China. The findings have implications for parents, TESOL practitioners, and policymakers who involved in English education decisions for young children.
The injection of maternal B complex vitamin during the transition period: The impact on performance, thyroid hormones levels and immunological parameters in the Sannen goats and their kids, as well as the faeces status of newborn kids
Authors: Asadi Mohammad , Hatami Maryam , Fard Homa Mohammadi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundIt is proven that B vitamins through promote a wide range of metabolic pathways in animals as cofactors improve animal performance.ObjectivesThis study was conducted to investigate the impacts of maternal B complex vitamin injection on performance and plasma parameters in goats and their offspring, as well as the faeces status of newborn kids.MethodsIn this research, the pregnant goats (3 years old) were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (without B complex vitamin injection) and the B complex vitamin group (5 mL B complex vitamin injection per animal). The animals were injected with 5 mL B complex vitamin twice during the transition period (5 weeks pre‐ and 5 weeks post‐kidding). The goats during the transition period and kids on days 10, 20 and 30 were weighed. Feed intake by goats and consumption of milk and starter in kids were recorded daily. The dry matter digestibility by kids was tested by collecting samples of faeces and feed for 5 days in the last week. Chemical analysis was determined using the AOAC method. The kids’ faeces were prepared daily during the study. The blood samples of goats and newborn kids were taken 7 days after kidding. Then, levels of B group vitamin, as well as concentrations of liver enzymes, thyroid hormones and immunological parameters, were determined in plasma of goat and their offspring. In addition, concentrations of glucose and insulin were measured in goat plasma (Asadi et al., 2024).ResultsAccording to results, the performances of goats and their offspring, as well as kids’ faeces status, were improved by maternal B complex vitamin injection (p < 0.0001). The levels of cobalamin, pyridoxine, thiamine, folic acid, nicotinic, pantothenic and unconjugated pteridine increased in the plasma of goats and their kids in the B complex vitamin group compared with the control group during the transition period (p < 0.0001). Injection of maternal B complex vitamin raised the plasma levels of triiodothyronine and tetraiodothyronine, immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M in goats and their offspring (p < 0.0001). Higher levels of glucose and lower levels of insulin were determined in the goats injected with B complex vitamin (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsThese results suggest that maternal B complex vitamin injection is required for the improvement of performance, health status and the blood plasma parameters in pregnant goats and their kids.
A new flow path: eDNA connecting hydrology and biology
Authors: URycki Dawn R. , Kirtane Anish A. , Aronoff Rachel , Avila Colton C. , Blackman Rosetta C. , Carraro Luca , Evrard Olivier , Good Stephen P. , Hoyos J. Diana C. , López‐Rodríguez Nieves , Mora Demetrio , Schadewell Yvonne , Schilling Oliver S. , Ceperley Natalie C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) has revolutionized ecological research, particularly for biodiversity assessment in various environments, most notably aquatic media. Environmental DNA analysis allows for non‐invasive and rapid species detection across multiple taxonomic groups within a single sample, making it especially useful for identifying rare or invasive species. Due to dynamic hydrological processes, eDNA samples from running waters may represent biodiversity from broad contributing areas, which is convenient from a biomonitoring perspective but also challenging, as hydrological knowledge is required for meaningful biological interpretation. Hydrologists could also benefit from eDNA to address unsolved questions, particularly concerning water movement through catchments. While naturally occurring abiotic tracers have advanced our understanding of water age distribution in catchments, for example, current geochemical tracers cannot fully elucidate the timing and flow paths of water through landscapes. Conversely, biological tracers, owing to their immense diversity and interactions with the environment, could offer more detailed information on the sources and flow paths of water to the stream. The informational capacity of eDNA as a tracer, however, is determined by the ability to interpret the complex biological heterogeneity at a study site, which arguably requires both biological and hydrological expertise. As eDNA data has become increasingly available as part of biomonitoring campaigns, we argue that accompanying eDNA surveys with hydrological observations could enhance our understanding of both biological and hydrological processes; we identify opportunities, challenges, and needs for further interdisciplinary collaboration; and we highlight eDNA's potential as a bridge between hydrology and biology, which could foster both domains.This article is categorized under:
Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
Science of Water > Methods
Water and Life > Nature of Freshwater Ecosystems
Introducing Business Model Innovation and the Game Changers of Tomorrow
Authors: Aagaard Annabeth 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis chapter delves into the transformative influence of game changers on business model innovation, emphasizing the critical role of the business model as a strategic management tool for generating customer value and competitive advantage. Grounded in the seminal perspectives and contributions of key authors in the BMI field, it explores the multifaceted nature of business models as architectures of value creation, delivery, and capture. The chapter critically reviews the existing literature, highlighting the diverse interpretations and the lack of consensus on a definitive business model definition. It underscores the business model’s responsiveness to external environmental factors, technological advancements, demands for sustainability and circularity, demographic shifts, and grand challenges, illustrating its pivotal role in strategic agility and business model innovation. This discussion sets the stage for a deeper exploration in the following chapters of how the individual game changers are reshaping business models, urging businesses to adapt and innovate continuously in an ever-evolving landscape.
Study on Mechanical Performance Evolution Law of the Friction Pendulum Bearing Under the Influence of Friction Characteristics of Sliding Interface
Authors: Dong Zhenhua , Chen Li , Li Yi , Wang Zuohu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAt present, it is difficult to acquire the internal state of sliding friction bearing, so the assessment indexes and quantitative evaluation standard for service state of friction pendulum bearing (FPB) is lack. In order to propose the relationship between service state and mechanical performance, the key components of FPB affecting the seismic response is as the research subject. The 3D solid refinement finite element numerical model of FPB is established, and its rationality of and simulated results reliability is verified by experimental results. Combined the mechanical performance theory calculation models of FPB and friction characteristics of sliding interface, the simulated results of mechanical performance including effective stiffness, total energy consumption, effective period, effective damping ratio of FPB under the influence of sensitive parameters is analyzed. The results show that the compressive stress is the most sensitive factor. With the increase of compressive stress, the equivalent stiffness increases exponentially, but the equivalent period increases and the equivalent damping ratio decreases, which obviously deteriorates the seismic performance of the seismic isolation bridge. When the compressive stress is constant, the cumulative sliding distance and sliding velocity can obviously affect the mechanical performance of the bearing, but the variation range of the equivalent damping ratio is less than 10%. In addition, when the friction characteristics of the upper and lower sliding interfaces of the FPB are not consistent, the condition of the lower sliding interface has a significant impact on the mechanical properties of the FPB. The research results provide data and method support for further quantitative evaluation of the seismic performance for the serviced FPB and seismic isolation bridges.
The role of Pim-1 kinases in inflammatory signaling pathways
Authors: Baek Hye Suk , Kim Nacksung , Park Jong Wook , Kwon Taeg Kyu , Kim Shin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective and design
This observational study investigated the regulatory mechanism of Pim-1 in inflammatory signaling pathways.

Materials
THP-1, RAW 264.7, BV2, and Jurkat human T cell lines were used.

Treatment
None.

Methods
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce inflammation, followed by PIM1 knockdown. Western blot, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and RT-PCR assays were used to assess the effect of PIM1 knockdown on LPS-induced inflammation.

Results
PIM1 knockdown in macrophage-like THP-1 cells suppressed LPS-induced upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, phosphorylated Janus kinase, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, p38, and nuclear factor kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65). It also suppressed upregulation of inhibitor of NF-κB kinase α/β and enhanced the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. Moreover, it inhibited the upregulation of Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) and cleavage of caspase-1 induced by co-treatment of LPS with adenosine triphosphate. Additionally, p-transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) interacted with Pim-1. All three members of Pim kinases (Pim-1, Pim-2, and Pim-3) were required for LPS-mediated inflammation in macrophages; however, unlike Pim-1 and Pim-3, Pim-2 functioned as a negative regulator of T cell activity.

Conclusions
Pim-1 interacts with TAK1 in LPS-induced inflammatory responses and is involved in MAPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathways. Additionally, considering the negative regulatory role of Pim-2 in T cells, further in-depth studies on their respective functions are needed.
TMEM9 activates Rab9-dependent alternative autophagy through interaction with Beclin1
Authors: Baek Sohyeon , Chang Jae-Woong , Yoo Seung-Min , Choo JeongRim , Jung Sunmin , Nah Jihoon , Jung Yong-Keun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTransmembrane protein 9 (TMEM9) is a transmembrane protein that regulates lysosomal acidification by interacting with the v-type ATPase complex. However, the role of TMEM9 in the lysosome-dependent autophagy machinery has yet to be identified. In this study, we demonstrate that the lysosomal protein TMEM9, which is involved in vesicle acidification, regulates Rab9-dependent alternative autophagy through its interaction with Beclin1. The cytosolic domain of TMEM9 interacts with Beclin1 via its Bcl-2-binding domain. This interaction between TMEM9 and Beclin1 dissociates Bcl-2, an autophagy-inhibiting partner, from Beclin1, thereby activating LC3-independent and Rab9-dependent alternative autophagy. Late endosomal and lysosomal TMEM9 apparently colocalizes with Rab9 but not with LC3. Furthermore, we show that multiple glycosylation of TMEM9, essential for lysosomal localization, is essential for its interaction with Beclin1 and the activation of Rab9-dependent alternative autophagy. These findings reveal that TMEM9 recruits and activates the Beclin1 complex at the site of Rab9-dependent autophagosome to induce alternative autophagy.
Clara cell 10 (CC10) protein attenuates allergic airway inflammation by modulating lung dendritic cell functions
Authors: Xu Yu-Dong , Cheng Mi , Mao Jun-Xia , Zhang Xue , Shang Pan-Pan , Long Jie , Chen Yan-Jiao , Wang Yu , Yin Lei-Miao , Yang Yong-Qing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAllergic asthma is a complex inflammatory disorder predominantly orchestrated by T helper 2 (Th2) lymphocytes. The anti-inflammatory protein Clara Cell 10-kDa (CC10), also known as secretoglobin family 1A member 1 (SCGB1A1), shows promise in modulating respiratory diseases. However, its precise role in asthma remains unclear. This study examines the potential of CC10 to suppress allergic asthma inflammation, specifically assessing its regulatory effects on Th2 cell responses and dendritic cells (DCs). Lower CC10 levels in asthma were observed and correlated with increased IgE and lymphocytes. Cc10−/− mice exhibited exacerbated allergic airway inflammation marked by increased inflammatory cell infiltration, Th2 cytokines, serum antigen-specific IgE levels, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in house dust mite (HDM)-induced models. Conversely, recombinant CC10 significantly attenuated these inflammatory responses. Intriguingly, CC10 did not directly inhibit Th cell activation but significantly downregulated the population of CD11b+CD103− DCs subsets in lungs of asthmatic mice and modulated the immune activation functions of DCs through NF-κB signaling pathway. The mixed lymphocyte response assay revealed that DCs mediated the suppressive effect of CC10 on Th2 cell responses. Collectively, CC10 profoundly mitigates Th2-type allergic inflammation in asthma by modulating lung DC phenotype and functions, highlighting its therapeutic potential for inflammatory airway conditions and other related immunological disorders.
Variations in definitions used for describing restrictive care practices (seclusion and restraint) in adult mental health inpatient units: a systematic review and content analysis
Authors: Muluneh Zelalem Belayneh , Chavulak Jacinta , Lee Den-Ching A. , Petrakis Melissa , Haines Terry P. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The main purpose of this review was to (1) identify thematic elements within definitions used by recently published literature to describe the constructs of physical/mechanical restraint, seclusion and chemical restraint in adult mental health inpatient units.

Methods
We conducted a comprehensive literature search of six databases (Scopus, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase, and CINAHL-Plus). In this review, we conducted content analysis to synthesize evidence to understand and compare the commonalities and discrepancies in conceptual elements that were incorporated within the definitions of different forms of restrictive care practices.

Results
A total of 95 studies that provided definitions for different forms of restrictive care practices [physical/mechanical restraint (n = 72), seclusion (n = 65) and chemical restraint (n = 19)] were included in this review. Significant variations existed in the conceptual domains presented within the applied definitions of physical/mechanical restraint, seclusion, and chemical restraint. Conceptual themes identified in this review were methods of restrictive care practice, reasons and desired outcomes, the extent of patient restriction during restrictive care practice episodes, timing (duration, frequency, and time of the day), the level of patient autonomy, and the personnel implementing these practices.

Conclusions
Inconsistencies in the terminologies and conceptual boundaries used to describe the constructs of different forms of restrictive care practices underscore the need to move forward in endorsing consensus definitions that reflect the diverse perspectives, ensuring clarity and consistency in practice and research. This will assist in validly measuring and comparing the actual trends of restrictive care practice use across different healthcare institutions and jurisdictions.
Saccadic “inhibition” unveils the late influence of image content on oculomotor programming
Authors: Taylor Rebecca , Buonocore Antimo , Fracasso Alessio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractImage content is prioritized in the visual system. Faces are a paradigmatic example, receiving preferential processing along the visual pathway compared to other visual stimuli. Moreover, face prioritization manifests also in behavior. People tend to look at faces more frequently and for longer periods, and saccadic reaction times can be faster when targeting a face as opposed to a phase-scrambled control. However, it is currently not clear at which stage image content affects oculomotor planning and execution. It can be hypothesized that image content directly influences oculomotor signal generation. Alternatively, the image content could exert its influence on oculomotor planning and execution at a later stage, after the image has been processed. Here we aim to disentangle these two alternative hypotheses by measuring the frequency of saccades toward a visual target when the latter is followed by a visual transient in the central visual field. Behaviorally, this paradigm leads to a reduction in saccade frequency that happens about 90 ms after any visual transient event, also known as saccadic “inhibition”. In two experiments, we measured occurrence of saccades in visually guided saccades as well as microsaccades during fixation, using face and noise-matched visual stimuli. We observed that while the reduction in saccade occurrence was similar for both stimulus types, face stimuli lead to a prolonged reduction in eye movements. Moreover, saccade kinematics were altered by both stimulus types, showing an amplitude reduction without change in peak velocity for the earliest saccades. Taken together, our experiments imply that face stimuli primarily affect the later stages of the behavioral phenomenon of saccadic “inhibition”. We propose that while some stimulus features are processed at an early stage and can quickly influence eye movements, a delayed signal conveying image content information is necessary to further inhibit/delay activity in the oculomotor system to trigger eye movements.
Case-by-case combination of the prostate imaging reporting and data system version 2.1 with the Likert score to reduce the false-positives of prostate MRI: a proof-of-concept study
Authors: Girometti Rossano , Peruzzi Valeria , Polizzi Paolo , De Martino Maria , Cereser Lorenzo , Casarotto Letizia , Pizzolitto Stefano , Isola Miriam , Crestani Alessandro , Giannarini Gianluca , Zuiani Chiara 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To retrospectively investigate whether a case-by-case combination of the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2.1 (PI-RADS) with the Likert score improves the diagnostic performance of mpMRI for clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa), especially by reducing false-positives.

Methods
One hundred men received mpMRI between January 2020 and April 2021, followed by prostate biopsy. Reader 1 (R1) and reader 2 (R2) (experience of > 3000 and < 200 mpMRI readings) independently reviewed mpMRIs with the PI-RADS version 2.1. After unveiling clinical information, they were free to add (or not) a Likert score to upgrade or downgrade or reinforce the level of suspicion of the PI-RADS category attributed to the index lesion or, rather, identify a new index lesion. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of R1/R2 in detecting csPCa when biopsying PI-RADS ≥ 3 index-lesions (strategy 1) versus PI-RADS ≥ 3 or Likert ≥ 3 index-lesions (strategy 2), with decision curve analysis to assess the net benefit. In strategy 2, the Likert score was considered dominant in determining biopsy decisions.

Results
csPCa prevalence was 38%. R1/R2 used combined PI-RADS and Likert categorization in 28%/18% of examinations relying mainly on clinical features such as prostate specific antigen level and digital rectal examination than imaging findings. The specificity/positive predictive values were 66.1/63.1% for R1 (95%CI 52.9–77.6/54.5–70.9) and 50.0/51.6% (95%CI 37.0-63.0/35.5-72.4%) for R2 in the case of PI-RADS-based readings, and 74.2/69.2% for R1 (95%CI 61.5–84.5/59.4–77.5%) and 56.6/54.2% (95%CI 43.3-69.0/37.1-76.6%) for R2 in the case of combined PI-RADS/Likert readings. Sensitivity/negative predictive values were unaffected. Strategy 2 achieved greater net benefit as a trigger of biopsy for R1 only.

Conclusion
Case-by-case combination of the PI-RADS version 2.1 with Likert score translated into a mild but measurable impact in reducing the false-positives of PI-RADS categorization, though greater net benefit in reducing unnecessary biopsies was found in the experienced reader only.

Graphical Abstract
Monitoring the Spatial Distribution of Cover Crops and Tillage Practices Using Machine Learning and Environmental Drivers across Eastern South Dakota
Authors: Jain Khushboo , John Ranjeet , Torbick Nathan , Kolluru Venkatesh , Saraf Sakshi , Chandel Abhinav , Henebry Geoffrey M. , Jarchow Meghann 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe adoption of conservation agriculture methods, such as conservation tillage and cover cropping, is a viable alternative to conventional farming practices for improving soil health and reducing soil carbon losses. Despite their significance in mitigating climate change, there are very few studies that have assessed the overall spatial distribution of cover crops and tillage practices based on the farm’s pedoclimatic and topographic characteristics. Hence, the primary objective of this study was to use multiple satellite-derived indices and environmental drivers to infer the level of tillage intensity and identify the presence of cover crops in eastern South Dakota (SD). We used a machine learning classifier trained with in situ field samples and environmental drivers acquired from different remote sensing datasets for 2022 and 2023 to map the conservation agriculture practices. Our classification accuracies (>80%) indicate that the employed satellite spectral indices and environmental variables could successfully detect the presence of cover crops and the tillage intensity in the study region. Our analysis revealed that 4% of the corn (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) fields in eastern SD had a cover crop during either the fall of 2022 or the spring of 2023. We also found that environmental factors, specifically seasonal precipitation, growing degree days, and surface texture, significantly impacted the use of conservation practices. The methods developed through this research may provide a viable means for tracking and documenting farmers’ agricultural management techniques. Our study contributes to developing a measurement, reporting, and verification (MRV) solution that could help used to monitor various climate-smart agricultural practices.