bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization and application of a newly synthesized 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase
Authors: You Zhong-Yu , Liu Zhi-Qiang , Zheng Yu-Guo , Shen Yin-Chu 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
A codon-optimized 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase (DERA) gene was newly synthesized and expressed in Escherichia coli to investigate its biochemical properties and applications in synthesis of statin intermediates. The expressed DERA was purified and characterized using 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate as the substrate. The specific activity of recombinant DERA was 1.8 U/mg. The optimum pH and temperature for DERA activity were pH 7.0 and 35 °C, respectively. The recombinant DERA was stable at pH 4.0–7.0 and at temperatures below 50 °C. The enzyme activity was inhibited by 1 mM of Ni2+, Ba2+ and Fe2+. The apparent K m and V max values of purified enzyme for 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate were 0.038 mM and 2.9 μmol min−1 mg−1, for 2-deoxyribose were 0.033 mM and 2.59 μmol min−1 mg−1, respectively, which revealed that the enzyme had similar catalytic efficiency towards phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated substrates. To synthesize statin intermediates, the bioconversion process for production of (3R, 5S)-6-chloro-2,4,6-trideoxyhexose from chloroacetaldehyde and acetaldehyde by the recombinant DERA was developed and a conversion of 94.4 % was achieved. This recombinant DERA could be a potential candidate for application in production of (3R, 5S)-6-chloro-2,4,6-trideoxyhexose.
Characterization of three new carboxylic ester hydrolases isolated by functional screening of a forest soil metagenomic library
Authors: Biver Sophie , Vandenbol Micheline 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Three new lipolytic genes were isolated from a forest soil metagenomic library by functional screening on tributyrin agar plates. The genes SBLip1, SBLip2 and SBLip5.1 respectively encode polypeptides of 445, 346 and 316 amino acids. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that SBLip2 and SBLip5.1 belong to bacterial esterase/lipase family IV, whereas SBLip1 shows similarity to class C β-lactamases and is thus related to esterase family VIII. The corresponding genes were overexpressed and their products purified by affinity chromatography for characterization. Analyses of substrate specificity with different p-nitrophenyl esters showed that all three enzymes have a preference for short-acyl-chain p-nitrophenyl esters, a feature of carboxylesterases as opposed to lipases. The β-lactamase activity of SBLip1, measured with the chromogenic substrate nitrocefin, was very low. The three esterases have the same optimal pH (pH 10) and remain active across a relatively broad pH range, displaying more than 60 % activity between pH 6 and 10. The temperature optima determined were 35 °C for SBLip1, 45 °C for SBLip2 and 50 °C for SBLip5.1. The three esterases displayed different levels of tolerance to salts, solvents and detergents, SBLip2 being overall more tolerant to high concentrations of solvent and SBLip5.1 less affected by detergents.
Altitudinal patterns of plant species richness on the Baekdudaegan Mountains, South Korea: mid‐domain effect, area, climate, and Rapoport's rule
Authors: Lee Chang‐Bae , Chun Jung‐Hwa , Song Ho‐Kyung , Cho Hyun‐Je 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe studied the altitudinal patterns of plant species richness and examined the effects of geometric constraints, area, and climatic factors on the observed richness patterns along the ridge of the Baekdudaegan Mountains, South Korea. Rapoport's altitudinal rule was evaluated by examining the relationship between altitudinal range size and midpoint. We also examined the latitudinal effect on species richness. Plant data were collected from 1,100 plots along a 200–1,900 m altitudinal gradient along the ridge of the Baekdudaegan. A total of 802 plant species from 97 families and 342 genera were found. The altitudinal patterns of plant species richness along the ridge of the Baekdudaegan depicted distinctly hump‐shaped patterns, although the absolute altitudes of the richness peaks vary somewhat among plant groups. While the mid‐domain effect (MDE) was the most powerful explanatory variable in simple regression models, species richness was also associated with climatic factors, especially mean annual precipitation (MAP) and temperature (MAT) in multiple regression models. The relative importance of the MDE and climatic factors were different among plant groups. The MDE was more important for woody plants and for large‐ranged species, whereas climatic factors were better predictors for total and herbaceous plants and for small‐ranged species. Rapoport's altitudinal rule and a latitudinal effect on species richness were not supported. Our study suggests that a combined interaction of the MDE and climatic factors influences species richness patterns along the altitudinal gradient of the Baekdudaegan Mountains, South Korea.
Determination of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate in Toothpastes by a PVC Matrix Membrane Sensor
Authors: Devi Sunaina , Chattopadhyaya Mahesh C. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe construction and characteristic performance of a new potentiometric PVC membrane sensor responsive for sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) are described. The sensor is based on the use of cetyltrimethylammonium‐tetraphenylborate (CTA‐TPB) ion‐pair complex as electroactive material in PVC matrix in presence of dioctyl phthalate as a solvent mediator. The sensor exhibits a rapid, stable and near‐Nernstian response for SDS over the concentration range of 5 × 10−3–5 × 10−6 mol dm−3 at 25 ± 2 °C and the pH range 4–8.5 with slope of 59.6 mV/decade change in SDS concentration. The lower detection limit is 5 × 10−6 mol dm−3 and the response time is 45 s. The determination of selectivity coefficients for different anions shows there is no interference except that of dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBS−) ion which has a strong interference. The results obtained in the determination of SDS in toothpastes, using this sensor as an indicator electrode, were compared with those obtained from the spectrophotometric method using methylene blue as the reagent.
Extraction and Characterization of Seed Oil from Naturally Grown Chinese Tallow Trees
Authors: Yang Xiao‐Qin , Pan Hui , Zeng Tao , Shupe Todd F. , Hse Chung‐Yun 
Published: November 2012

AbstractSeeds were collected from locally and naturally grown Chinese tallow trees (CTT) and characterized for general physical and chemical properties and fatty acid composition of the lipids. The effects of four different solvents (petroleum ether, hexane, diethyl ether, and 95 % ethanol) and two extraction methods (supercritical carbon dioxide (SC‐CO2) and conventional Soxhlet) on the properties of the CTT seed oil, including Chinese vegetable tallow (CVT) and stillingia oil (SO), were also investigated. In general, the yields of CVT and SO did not vary based on solvent for Soxhlet extraction and solvent‐free SC‐CO2 extraction, except that the yield of CVT from SC‐CO2 extraction was substantially lower. Nevertheless, the CTT seed oil, extracted by SC‐CO2 displayed better quality than those extracted by Soxhlet extraction in terms of color, residual precipitation, and acid value of the oils. The pretreatment of CTT seed by 3 % aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution likely promoted the hydrolysis of triglyceride and caused the high acid value in the CVT samples. The iodine value at around 180 indicated that the SO is a highly unsaturated drying oil. Palmitic (76 %) and oleic (23 %) are two dominant fatty acids in CVT while linolenic (43 %), linoleic (31 %), and oleic (13 %) are the dominant fatty acids in SO.
Estimation of Covariate Effects With Current Status Data and Differential Mortality
Authors: Palloni Alberto , Thomas Jason R. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe assessment of the impact that socioeconomic determinants have on the prevalence of certain chronic conditions reported by respondents in population surveys must confront two problems. First, the self-reports could be in error (false positives and false negatives). Second, those reporting are a selected sample of those who ever experience the problem, and this selection is heavily influenced by excess mortality attributable to the condition being reported. In this article, we use a combination of empirical data and microsimulation to (a) assess the magnitude of the bias attributable to the selection problem, and (b) suggest an adjustment procedure that corrects for this bias. We find that the proposed adjustment procedure considerably reduces the bias arising from differential mortality.
Nontraditional Families and Childhood Progress Through School: A Comment on Rosenfeld
Authors: Allen Douglas W. , Pakaluk Catherine , Price Joseph 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
We reexamine Rosenfeld’s (2010) study on the association between child outcomes and same-sex family structure. Using the same data set, we replicate and generalize Rosenfeld’s findings and show that the implications of his study are different when using either alternative comparison groups or alternative sample restrictions. Compared with traditional married households, we find that children being raised by same-sex couples are 35 % less likely to make normal progress through school; this difference is statistically significant at the 1 % level.
Reply to Allen et al.
Authors: Rosenfeld Michael J. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Allen et al.’s results depend on their inclusion of children whose family at the time of their grade retention is unknown, plus adopted and foster children whose selection process into families is unknown. Children whose family has been through upheavals or transitions are less likely to make good progress in school than children from stable families. Children raised by stable same-sex couples do remarkably well in school.
Sex, risk and the newsvendor
Authors: de Véricourt Francis , Jain Kriti , Bearden J. Neil , Filipowicz Allan 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe present results from two experiments that reveal significant gender differences in ordering behavior in the newsvendor problem. In high margin settings, males tend to order more than females, and they also tend to achieve higher profits. There are no gender differences in low margin settings. We show that the observed gender differences are partially driven by (or mediated by) gender differences in risk appetite. Males tend to prefer taking greater risk than women, and this leads them to order more in the newsvendor problem (in high margin settings). We show that the risk‐ordering relationship is related to financial risk attitudes but not to social risk attitudes, and also that the effect is not driven by gender differences in affect, a likely alternative explanation for the results.
Substitution of TAG oil with diacylglycerol oil in food items improves the predicted 10 years cardiovascular risk score in healthy, overweight subjects
Authors: Telle-Hansen Vibeke H. , Narverud Ingunn , Retterstøl Kjetil , Wesseltoft-Rao Nima , Mosdøl Annhild , Granlund Linda , Christiansen Kirsti Forstrøm , Lamglait Amandine , Halvorsen Bente , Holven Kirsten B. , Ulven Stine M. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractDietary fat is normally in TAG form, but diacylglycerol (DAG) is a natural component of edible oils. Studies have shown that consumption of DAG results in metabolic characteristics that are distinct from those of TAG, which may be beneficial in preventing and managing obesity. The objective of the present study was to investigate if food items in which part of the TAG oil is replaced with DAG oil combined with high α-linolenic acid (ALA) content would influence metabolic markers. A 12-week double-blinded randomised controlled parallel-design study was conducted. The participants (n23) were healthy, overweight men and women, aged 37–67 years, BMI 27–35 kg/m2, with waist circumference >94 cm (men) and >88 cm (women). The two groups received 20 g margarine, 11 g mayonnaise and 12 g oil per d, containing either high ALA andsn-1,3-DAG or high ALA and TAG. Substitution of TAG oil with DAG oil in food items for 12 weeks led to an improvement of the predicted 10 years cardiovascular risk score in overweight subjects by non-significantly improving markers of health such as total body fat percentage, trunk fat mass, alanine aminotransferase, systolic blood pressure, γ-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase and total fat-free mass. This may suggest that replacing TAG oil with DAG oil in healthy, overweight individuals may have beneficial metabolic effects.
How are affective word ratings related to lexicosemantic properties? Evidence from the Sussex Affective Word List
Authors: CITRON FRANCESCA M. M. , WEEKES BRENDAN S. , FERSTL EVELYN C. 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTEmotional content of verbal material affects the speed of visual word recognition in various cognitive tasks, independently of lexicosemantic variables. However, little is known about how the dimensions of emotional arousal and valence interact with the lexicosemantic properties of words such as age of acquisition, familiarity, and imageability, that determine word recognition performance. This study aimed to examine these relationships using English ratings for affective and lexicosemantic features. Eighty-two native English speakers rated 300 words for emotional valence, arousal, familiarity, age of acquisition, and imageability. Although both dimensions of emotion were correlated with lexicosemantic variables, a unique emotion cluster produced the strongest quadratic relationship. This finding suggests that emotion should be included in models of word recognition as it is likely to make an independent contribution.
Incidence and clinical features ofClostridium difficileinfection in Korea: a nationwide study
Authors: KIM Y. S. , HAN D. S. , KIM Y. H. , KIM W. H. , KIM J. S. , KIM H. S. , KIM H. S. , PARK Y. S. , SONG H. J. , SHIN S. J. , YANG S. K. , YE B. D. , EUN C. S. , LEE K. M. , LEE S. H. , JANG B. I. , JUNG S. A. , CHEON J. H. , CHOI C. H. , HUH K. C. 
Published: November 2012

SUMMARYThe incidence and severity ofClostridium difficileinfections (CDI) have increased in Western countries. However, there are limited data regarding the epidemiology of CDI in Eastern countries. This nationwide study was conducted in 17 hospitals to determine temporal trends in CDI incidence (from 2004 to 2008) in South Korea. The total incidence of CDI in Korea was 1·7 cases/1000 adult admissions in 2004, and 2·7/1000 cases in 2008 (P = 0·028). When analysing the clinical features of 1367 CDI patients diagnosed in 2008, oral metronidazole was effective as a first-line treatment for CDI (61·9%). Relapse rate was 8·9% and complicated CDI was only observed in 3·6%. The incidence of CDI increased significantly in Korea from 2004 to 2008. Although the clinical features were milder than in Western countries, the increasing burden of CDI needs ongoing surveillance systems.
Diet and physical activity in pre-school children: a pilot project for surveillance in three regions of Italy
Authors: Carletti Claudia , Macaluso Anna , Pani Paola , Caroli Margherita , Giacchi Mariano , Montico Marcella , Cattaneo Adriano 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo test a surveillance system on diet and physical activity based on data gathered at well-child visits.DesignCross-sectional data collection on growth, diet, physical activity and sociodemographic variables.SettingOffices of 179 paediatricians in three Italian regions.Subjects26 898 children for a total of 32 915 well-child visits at 1, 3, 5–6, 8–9, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 60–72 months of age.ResultsThe BMI Z-score was lower than the WHO standard at 1 and 3 months but higher from 8–9 months onwards. The rates of breast-feeding at 1, 3, 5–6, 8–9 and 12 months were 88 %, 75 %, 64 %, 52 % and 32 %, respectively, with 5 % and 3 % continuing up to 24 and 36 months. Exclusive breast-feeding was 64 %, 54 % and 20 % at 1, 3 and 5–6 months, respectively; 57 % at 5 months and 85 % at 6 months were given complementary foods. Only 8 % and 10 % of children were taking five portions of fruit and vegetables daily, while 47 % and 51 % were consuming sugar-sweetened beverages at 36 and 60–72 months, respectively. At 60–72 months, less than 10 % reported at least 1 h of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on 5–7 d/week, and 32 % watched television or played videogames for more than 2 h/d, every day. The majority of paediatricians rated the surveillance system as reliable and feasible.ConclusionsSurveillance for diet and physical activity in pre-school children, with data gathered during well-child visits, is feasible and potentially useful to plan and evaluate activities for the prevention of obesity.
Delivering adaptive radiotherapy to the bladder during radical treatment
Authors: Arthur Claire , Livsey Jac , Choudhury Ananya 
Published: November 2012

AbstractRadical radiotherapy to the bladder for muscle-invasive bladder cancer is a challenging treatment to plan and deliver because of organ mobility and its varying volume. The dynamic target volume can be tracked with imaging during the treatment course, enabling an adaptive response and adjustment of the patient’s individual treatment plan. This article summarises the difficulties encountered when treating the bladder, different approaches to patient imaging and adaptive radiotherapy techniques. Ultimately these technological advances support the delivery of a personalised treatment plan to ensure optimal dose delivery to the tumour and simultaneous sparing of adjacent normal tissue.
A randomized add-on trial of high-dose d-cycloserine for treatment-resistant depression
Authors: Heresco-Levy Uriel , Gelfin Genia , Bloch Boaz , Levin Raz , Edelman Shani , Javitt Daniel C , Kremer Ilana 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Antagonism of N-methyl-d-aspartate glutamatergic receptors (NMDAR) may represent an effective antidepressant mechanism. d-cycloserine (DCS) is a partial agonist at the NMDAR-associated glycine modulatory site that at high doses acts as a functional NMDAR antagonist. Twenty-six treatment-resistant major depressive disorder patients participated in a double blind, placebo-controlled, 6-wk parallel group trial with a gradually titrated high dose (1000 mg/d) of DCS added to their antidepressant medication. DCS treatment was well tolerated, had no psychotomimetic effects and led to improvement in depression symptoms as measured by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD; p = 0.005) and Beck Depression Inventory (p = 0.046). Of the 13 subjects treated with DCS, 54% had a ⩾50% HAMD score reduction vs. 15% of the 13 patients randomized to placebo (p = 0.039). A significant (p = 0.043) treatment× pre-treatment glycine serum levels interaction was registered. These findings indicate that NMDAR glycine site antagonism may be a cost-effective target for development of mechanistically novel antidepressants. Larger-sized DCS trials are warranted.
Search for Electromagnetic Counterparts to LIGO-Virgo Candidates: Expanded Very Large Array Observations – CORRIGENDUM
Authors: Lazio Joseph , Keating Katie , Jenet F. A. , Kassim N. E. 
Published: November 2012

In the article by Joseph Lazio, Katie Keating, F. A. Jenet and N. E. Kassim published in Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 285 there was an error in the listing of authors. The correct authorship is:Joseph Lazio, Katie Keating, F. A. Jenet, and N. E. Kassim, the LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration
Strong diffusion limit in the realistic magnetosphere: Dependence on geomagnetic condition and spatial location
Authors: Zhou Chen , Yang Guobin , Ni Binbin , Zhao Zhengyu , Hu Ze‐jun , Shi Run 
Published: November 2012

AbstractAs an essential concept of resonant wave‐particle interactions, the strong diffusion limit DSD is an important variable to explore the efficiency of wave‐induced pitch angle scattering for particle precipitation loss to the atmosphere. Determined by the size of equatorial loss cone on a given field line and the bounce period at a given energy, the value of DSD sets a lower limit to the precipitation timescale for loss cone filling, regardless of the strength of wave‐particle interactions. However, no efforts have ever been made to evaluate DSD in the realistic magnetosphere considering the impact of various geomagnetic activities. To perform a systematic exploration of the dependence of DSD on geomagnetic condition, spatial location, and global magnetic field model, we have numerically computed DSD using the dipolar and non‐dipolar Tsyganenko magnetic field models under three representative (quiet, moderate, and active) geomagnetic conditions. Use of more realistic Tsyganenko magnetic field models introduces non‐negligible or considerable differences in DSD magnitude from that obtained using a dipolar field. The difference can be over an order of magnitude at the field lines with equatorial crossings ≥6 Re during geomagnetically disturbed times. We also report that in the realistic magnetosphere both DSD magnitude and its variations have a strong dependence on the spatial location. Computed DSD shows the maximum tending to occur on the dayside (MLT = 12 and 16) and the minimum DSD more likely to occur at MLT = 00. Compared to the dipolar results, largest deviation in DSD occurs for MLT = 00, 04, and 20, while DSD variations on the dayside are relatively small. Our results demonstrate that accurate evaluation of DSD besides scattering rates in the realistic magnetosphere, especially at high spatial locations and under geomagnetically disturbed conditions for which a dipolar approximation fails, can make an important contribution to quantifying the wave effect on particle resonant diffusion, which should be incorporated into future modeling efforts for comprehending the role of resonant wave‐particle interactions and the dynamics of magnetospheric electrons under a variety of geomagnetic conditions.
The response of the Red Sea to a strong wind jet near the Tokar Gap in summer
Authors: Zhai Ping , Bower Amy 
Published: November 2012

AbstractRemote sensing and in situ observations are used to investigate the ocean response to the Tokar Wind Jet in the Red Sea. The wind jet blows down the atmospheric pressure gradient through the Tokar Gap on the Sudanese coast, at about 19°N, during the summer monsoon season. It disturbs the prevailing along‐sea (southeastward) winds with strong cross‐sea (northeastward) winds that can last from days to weeks and reach amplitudes of 20–25 m/s. By comparing scatterometer winds with along‐track and gridded sea level anomaly observations, it is observed that an intense dipolar eddy spins up in response to the wind jet. The eddy pair has a horizontal scale of 140 km. Maximum ocean surface velocities can reach 1 m/s and eddy currents extend more than 100 m into the water column. The eddy currents appear to cover the width of the sea, providing a pathway for rapid transport of marine organisms and other drifting material from one coast to the other. Interannual variability in the strength of the dipole is closely matched with variability in the strength of the wind jet. The dipole is observed to be quasi‐stationary, although there is some evidence for slow eastward propagation in an idealized numerical model. Simulation of the dipole in an idealized high‐resolution numerical model suggests that this is the result of self‐advection.