bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bridging the gaps: evolution and development of perianth fusion
Authors: Zhong Jinshun , Preston Jill C. 
Published: June 2015

SummaryOne of the most striking innovations in flower development is the congenital or postgenital union of petals (sympetaly) which has enabled dramatic specialization in flower structure and possibly accelerated speciation rates. Sympetalous flowers exhibit extraordinary variation in development, including the degree and timing of fusion, and fusion with other floral organs. Different axes of corolla tube complexity can be disentangled at the developmental level, with most variation being explained by differences in coordinated growth between interconnected and lobed regions of neighboring petal primordia, and between lower and upper portions of the corolla tube, defined by the stamen insertion boundary. Genetically, inter‐ and intra‐specific variation in the degree of petal fusion is controlled by various inputs from genes that affect organ boundary and lateral growth, signaling between different cell types, and production of the cuticle. It is thus hypothesized that the evolution and diversification of fused petals, at least within the megadiverse Asteridae clade of core eudicots, have occurred through the modification of a conserved genetic pathway previously involved in free petal development.

Contents

Summary
330

I.
To fuse or not to fuse: convergent origins of perianth fusion and separation
330

II.
Distinct developmental mechanisms of asterid sympetaly
331

III.
Rewiring of organ boundary/lateral expansion pathways in the origins of sympetaly
332

IV.
Conclusions and perspectives
333

Acknowledgements
334

References
334
The paradox of obesity cardiomyopathy and the potential for weight loss as a therapy
Authors: Rayner J. J. , Neubauer S. , Rider O. J. 
Published: June 2015

SummaryObesity is an independent risk factor for developing heart failure and the combination of the two disease states will prove to be a significant health burden over the coming years. Obesity is likely to contribute to the development of heart failure through a variety of mechanisms, including structural and functional changes, lipotoxicity and steatosis and altered substrate selection. However, once heart failure has developed, it seems that obesity confers a beneficial influence on prognosis in what has been termed the ‘obesity paradox’. This may be a statistical phenomenon, but it should be considered that there is truly a protective state in the physiology of obesity. There is little evidence regarding the impact of weight loss in obese heart failure and whether or not this is beneficial. There have been small studies regarding the cardiovascular effects of both dietary weight loss and bariatric surgery, but few in heart failure. This is an important and increasingly relevant clinical question which must be addressed.
On the dynamics of Indian GDP, crude oil production and imports
Authors: Tiwari Aviral Kumar 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis study investigates the static and dynamic causal relationship among income, crude oil production and imports for the Indian economy. The static‐short‐run Granger causality shows that income and crude oil imports Granger‐cause domestic crude oil production. This implies that gross domestic product (GDP) and oil imports contain important information in predicting the production of crude oil not the vice versa. The error correction value −0.415 implies that disequilibrium in GDP will get corrected in the long run by the speed of adjustment of 41.5 per cent in a year. The dynamic analysis reveals that the most exogenous variable is crude oil production as it is mostly dependent on itself, and relatively less is accounted by other two variables; GDP is a relatively less exogenous variable, and crude oil exports fairly good proportion of forecast error. Further, we found that the most endogenous variable is crude oil imports which is mostly dependent on crude oil production.
Performance of the SA‐VA Difference to Differentiate Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia from Orthodromic Reentrant Tachycardia in a Large Cohort of Consecutive Patients
Authors: AKERSTRÖM FINN , PACHÓN MARTA , GARCÍA‐FERNÁNDEZ FRANCISCO JAVIER , PUCHOL ALBERTO , SALGADO RICARDO , RODRÍGUEZ‐PADIAL LUIS , ARIAS MIGUEL A. 
Published: June 2015

BackgroundThe stimulus‐atrial (SA) interval minus ventriculoatrial (VA) interval (SA‐VA) difference represents a simple diagnostic maneuver to distinguish between atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) and orthodromic reentrant tachycardia (ORT) during electrophysiology study. However, its usefulness has largely been studied in selected patient subgroups. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of the SA‐VA difference against commonly used diagnostic maneuvers in a large cohort of consecutive patients.MethodsConsecutive patients with inducible supraventricular tachycardia and successful entrainment through pacing trains from right ventricular apex during an electrophysiological study were included. Atrial tachycardias were excluded. The following intervals were calculated for each patient: SA‐VA difference, His potential, and atrial electrogram during entrainment minus His potential and atrial electrogram during tachycardia, and the corrected return cycle.ResultsA total of 456 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria, of which electrophysiological study revealed 265 typical AVNRT, 38 atypical AVNRT, and 54 and 108 ORT through a septal and free‐wall accessory pathway, respectively. An SA‐VA difference >99 ms identified AVNRT in all patients with sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 97.7%, 96.9%, 98.3%, and 95.7%, respectively.ConclusionsThis study confirms the high ability to distinguish AVNRT from ORT using the SA‐VA difference, not only in selected patient subgroups, but as whole when a cut‐off of >99 ms is used.
Rice seed for delivery of vaccines to gut mucosal immune tissues
Authors: Takaiwa Fumio , Wakasa Yuhya , Takagi Hidenori , Hiroi Takachika 
Published: June 2015

SummaryGut‐associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is the biggest lymphoid organ in the body. It plays a role in robust immune responses against invading pathogens while maintaining immune tolerance against nonpathogenic antigens such as foods. Oral vaccination can induce mucosal and systemic antigen‐specific immune reactions and has several advantages including ease of administration, no requirement for purification and ease of scale‐up of antigen. Thus far, taking advantage of these properties, various plant‐based oral vaccines have been developed. Seeds provide a superior production platform over other plant tissues for oral vaccines; they offer a suitable delivery vehicle to GALT due to their high stability at room temperature, ample and stable deposition space, high expression level, and protection from digestive enzymes in gut. A rice seed production system for oral vaccines was established by combining stable deposition in protein bodies or protein storage vacuoles and enhanced endosperm‐specific expression. Various types of rice‐based oral vaccines for infectious and allergic diseases were generated. Efficacy of these rice‐based vaccines was evaluated in animal models.
Treatment of pediatric lymphoma in Japan: Current status and plans for the future
Authors: Kobayashi Ryoji , Sunami Shosuke , Mitsui Tetsuo , Nakazawa Atsuko , Koga Yuhki , Mori Takeshi , Tanaka Fumiko , Ueyama Jun‐ichi , Osumi Tomoo , Fukano Reiji , Ohki Kentaro , Sekimizu Masahiro , Mori Tetsuya ,   Lymphoma Committee,   Japanese Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group
Published: June 2015

AbstractResults of pediatric lymphoma treatment have improved markedly over the past 30 years. In Hodgkin's lymphoma, the 5 year event‐free survival (EFS) was 81.5% in a retrospective study. In the ALB‐NHL03 study, the 5 year EFS according to clinical stage in patients with lymphoblastic T‐cell lymphoma (T‐LBL) was 70.6% for stage III and 88.9% for stage IV. In mature B‐cell lymphoma, the B‐NHL03 study indicated that the 4 year EFS according to treatment group was 94% for group 1, 98% for group 2, 84% for group 3, and 78% for group 4. Moreover, the 2 year EFS rate was 81% in Japanese advanced stage patients based on the international ALCL99 study. Thus, EFS >80% was achieved in any subtype of pediatric lymphoma. With regard to refractory or recurrent lymphoma, however, treatment methods for improvement of the survival rate in these patients still need to be developed. Also the difference between child, and adolescent and young adult patients still needs to be clarified, and treatment protocols developed. Although lymphoma treatment does not greatly change according to country, it does differ between other countries and Japan for some subtypes of lymphoma. In particular, the results of treatment of stage III T‐LBL in Japan are worse than those in the USA and Europe. The priority in future studies will be to collect data on these differences, and the reasons for these differences.
Role of thrombophilia factors in acute systemic–pulmonary shunt obstruction
Authors: Ergul Yakup , Kiplapinar Neslihan , Tanidir Ibrahim Cansaran , Ozturk Erkut , Guzeltas Alper , Haydin Sertac , Akcay Arzu , Erek Ersin , Yeniterzi Mehmet , Odemis Ender , Bakir Ihsan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundSystemic–pulmonary shunts are widely used in initial palliation in cyanotic congenital heart disease. The incidence and the relationship between acute shunt obstruction and thrombophilia are not precisely defined. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of shunt obstruction in the early postoperative period, and to define the frequency and presence of thrombophilia factors in patients treated for acute shunt thrombosis.MethodsBetween October 2010 and October 2012, 77 patients who had systemic–pulmonary shunt operation were included in this prospective study. Patients who developed shunt obstruction were examined in terms of inherited and acquired thrombophilia factors.ResultsMedian patient age was 61 days and median weight was 4.3 kg. Thirty‐three patients were neonates. Diameter of the Gore‐Tex grafts used for the shunt ranged from 3 mm to 5 mm. Acute shunt occlusion rate was 10% (8/77), and all of these occurred in the first 24 h. Thrombophilia was found in three of eight patients who underwent intervention (surgical and/or transcatheter) due to shunt thrombosis (presence of anti‐phospholipid antibodies, n = 1; protein C deficiency, n = 1; and factor V Leiden mutation, n = 1) and only one patient died.ConclusionsAcute shunt obstruction developed in 10% of patients who underwent systemic–pulmonary shunt, and emergency surgery or transcatheter intervention can be life saving in this context. Acute shunt obstruction can occur due to mechanical and hemodynamic problems, but clinicians should also consider and evaluate thrombophilia factors.
QT dynamics evaluated on fully automated QT measurement in children
Authors: Takahashi Kazuhiro , Nabeshima Taisuke , Sashinami Arata , Nakayashiro Mami , Ganaha Hitoshi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe association between QT interval and heart rate (HR), QT dynamics, has been reported to vary greatly between individuals. We investigated QT dynamics using fully automated QT interval measurement with a commercially available multifunctional electrocardiogram (ECG) recorder.MethodsThe study group included 17 otherwise healthy subjects (mean age, 12.7 years; 11 girls, 6 boys), who were undergoing exercise test for arrhythmia evaluation. The subjects had single premature ventricular contraction.ResultsMean corrected QT interval (Fridericia) at rest was 412 ± 19 ms (male, 408 ± 20 ms; female, 414 ± 19 ms), manually measured with a digitizer, using the tangent method. We assessed QT interval/HR slope during the whole exercise test, the exercise phase, and the recovery from exercise phase; the slopes were calculated offline after excluding wide QRS complex and were −1.15 ± 0.26 (r2 = 0.65), −1.18 ± 0.30 (r2 = 0.62), and −1.11 ± 0.25 (r2 = 0.70), respectively. Estimated QT interval at HR 60 beats/min (QT60) was calculated using the regression line formula and was 383 ± 24 ms, 387 ± 28 ms, and 375 ± 21 ms, respectively. QT60 of the total exercise test correlated with the corrected QT interval at rest (P = 0.04, r2 = 0.25).ConclusionsAssessment of QT dynamics is feasible on fully automated QT interval measurement with this ECG recorder. Further studies are required in larger populations to confirm the accuracy and precision of QT measurement and QT dynamics using this new multifunctional ECG.
Serum bacterial DNA detection in patients with cholangitis after Kasai procedure
Authors: Luo Qianfu , Hao Fabao , Zhang Mingman , Guo Chunbao 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the detectability of bacterial DNA (bactDNA) and associated clinical factors in patients with cholangitis after the Kasai procedure through the identification of bactDNA in blood.MethodsA cross‐sectional study of 110 patients who had undergone the Kasai procedure was carried out. A total of 77 patients had cholangitis and 33 did not. Blood samples were obtained on admission or on follow up at the outpatient visit. bactDNA was analyzed using a polymerase chain reaction‐based method, DNA nucleotide sequencing, for identification of bacterial species.ResultsRate of bactDNA positivity was higher using the 16SrDNA method than the culture method (58.4% vs 14.3%, P < 0.0001), and more patients with cholangitis were positive for bactDNA compared with the patients without cholangitis (58.4% vs 39.4%, P = 0.095). Bacteria identified on blood 16SrDNA primarily consisted of opportunistic pathogens derived from the gut, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella fexneri, and Enterobacteriaceae bacterium. Treatment with probiotics or antibiotics showed a trend toward reduced prevalence of bactDNA. Pediatric end‐stage liver disease score, procalcitonin, C‐reactive protein, and heart rate were all significantly associated with the presence of bactDNA.ConclusionbactDNA is frequently detected in patients with cholangitis after the Kasai procedure compared with those without cholangitis (and controls), and the bacteria are similar to those in the gut, suggesting that it is useful as an early diagnostic tool for cholangitis and other infections (registration number in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR‐ECC‐13003759).
Health‐related quality of life and sleep among Chinese children after living donor liver transplantation
Authors: He Kang , Shen Conghuan , Chen Xiaosong , Han Longzhi , Xi Zhifeng , Zhou Tao , Zhang Jianjun , Xia Qiang 
Published: June 2015

AbstractLDLT is a well‐established treatment for most terminal liver diseases in children. Survival rates have improved, yet few studies have considered HRQoL or sleep problems in LDLT recipients. In this cross‐sectional study, we enrolled 51 children who had undergone LDLT in Renji Hospital. PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scales, PedsQL™ 3.0 Transplant Module, and Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire were used to assess outcomes. Of all participants, 11.8% (6/51) reported low total HRQoL scores. Participants’ scores on most HRQoL subscales were comparable to the scores of healthy children. However, compared with solid organ transplant recipients, LDLT recipients scored significantly lower in About My Medicines II (t = 3.092, p = 0.002) and Worry (t = 2.760, p = 0.006). Sleep problems (41.2%) were common among participants. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that SRBD accounted for significant variance in HRQoL on total generic HRQoL (R2 = 0.446, p < 0.001), psychosocial health (R2 = 0.372, p = 0.001), physical health (R2 = 0.345, p = 0.003), total transplant‐specific HRQoL (R2 = 0.514, p < 0.001), About My Medicines I (R2 = 0.365, p = 0.013), My Transplant and Others (R2 = 0.334, p = 0.005), Pain and Hurt (R2 = 0.544, p < 0.001), Worry (R2 = 0.401, p = 0.001), Treatment Anxiety (R2 = 0.526, p < 0.001), How I Look (R2 = 0.221, p = 0.040), and Communication (R2 = 0.343, p = 0.012). In conclusion, sleep problems are non‐negligible in children after LDLT and predicted significant variance on HRQoL.
Mycophenolate mofetil for treatment of steroid‐refractory acute graft‐versus‐host disease after pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Inagaki Jiro , Kodama Yuichi , Fukano Reiji , Noguchi Maiko , Okamura Jun 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA standard treatment is yet to be established for steroid‐refractory acute aGVHD following HSCT. The effects of MMF have not been well studied in children with aGVHD. We evaluated the effectiveness of oral MMF in 14 children with steroid‐refractory aGVHD (grade II in one patient, grade III to IV in 13 patients). The median initial dose of MMF was 40 mg/kg/day (range, 30–74) and was increased by 1.5–2 times if manifestations of GVHD did not improve. Within four wk of treatment, seven patients (50%) achieved CR, and four (29%) had a PR. Within eight wk, 11 patients (79%) achieved CR without using additional agents. Overall, 12 patients are alive and in remission with a median follow‐up of 35 months (range, 14–86). The median maximum dose of MMF was 60 mg/kg/day (range, 34–107). No fatal toxicity was observed, including MMF‐related infections. MMF appears to be highly effective for steroid‐refractory aGVHD when used at a higher dose than has been described previously. Larger studies and pharmacokinetic analysis are required to evaluate its efficacy and toxicity and find the optimal dose of MMF in children.
Successful use of reduced‐intensity conditioning and matched‐unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplant in a child with Diamond‐Blackfan anemia and cirrhosis
Authors: Asquith Justin M. , Copacia Jessica , Mogul Mark J. , Bajwa Rajinder P. S. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractFor patients with DBA who are transfusion dependent, HSCT is the only cure. Chronic transfusions can lead to cirrhosis secondary to iron overload, making them poor candidates for myeloablative HSCT. RIC regimens are associated with lower morbidity and mortality compared to myeloablative regimens, but use of RIC in DBA has been limited. Here we present a 14‐yr‐old girl with DBA and multiple comorbidities including liver cirrhosis, who underwent MUD HSCT utilizing a RIC regimen that is novel to this condition. She tolerated the regimen well, and at 21 months, she remains transfusion independent with chimerisms at 99%.
Acquired right diaphragmatic hernia following pediatric living donor orthotopic liver transplantation
Authors: Dökümcü Zafer , Divarcı Emre , Erdener Ata , Sözbilen Murat , Ergün Orkan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractADH following OLT is a rare entity. Herein, we report a case of Alagille syndrome who developed ADH secondary to OLT, and possible etiological causes are discussed in light of the literature.
‘Un étrange moyen de séduction’: Anne de Graville's Chaldean Histories and her role in literary culture at the French court in the early sixteenth century
Authors: L'Estrange Elizabeth 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis article considers a little‐known manuscript – the Chaldean Histories – that was offered to Anne de Graville, author, bibliophile, and lady‐in‐waiting to Claude of France, by her husband Pierre de Balsac around 1507–10. The manuscript contains a partial translation into French of Annius of Viterbo's Antiquities, first published in Rome in 1498 and purporting to be ancient texts relating the history of the world around the time of the Flood. Although previous scholars have noted the close reliance on the Antiquities by Jean Lemaire des Belges in his Illustrations de Gaule et singularités de Troyes (1511–13), the translation offered to Anne is unknown. Here I argue that Anne's personalized manuscript and translation predates Lemaire des Belges’ work, indicating that she and Pierre were early players in an emerging courtly interest in translated works relating to antiquity. In addition, I suggest that the choice of text and the manuscript's frontispiece by a leading court artist showing Anne receiving the book meant that it was designed to appeal to, and likely shaped, Anne's interests in literature and translation which are later evident in her own library and writings for the French queen, Claude.
Objective Bayesian Estimation of the Probability of Default
Authors: Kazianka Hannes 
Published: June 2015

SummaryReliable estimation of the probability of default (PD) of a customer is one of the most important tasks in credit risk modelling for banks applying the internal ratings-based approach under the Basel II–III framework. Motivated by the desire to analyse reliably a low default portfolio of non-profit housing companies, we consider PD estimation within a Bayesian framework and develop objective priors for the parameter θ representing the PD in the Gaussian and the Student t single-factor models. A marginal reference prior and limiting versions of it are presented and their posterior propriety is studied. The priors are shown to be direct generalizations of the Jeffreys prior in the binomial model. We use Markov chain Monte Carlo strategies to sample efficiently from the posterior distributions and compare the developed priors on the grounds of the frequentist properties of the resulting Bayesian inferences with subjective priors previously proposed in the literature. Finally, the analysis of the non-profit housing companies portfolio highlights the ultility of the methodological developments.
A Localized Masculine Crisis: Local Men's Subordination within theMarcellusShale Region's Masculine Structure
Authors: Filteau Matthew R. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractRural economic decline in theUnitedStates has contributed to new situational conditions under which men construct masculinity. Under these conditions, men define jobs and activities that were feminized during periods of economic stability as masculine. One exception to rural economic decline for men is economic growth associated with oil and natural gas development in geographical hot spots throughout theUnitedStates and around the world. Employment opportunities in the oil and gas industry largely favor men; however, it is unclear what effect this development has on local men because itinerant extralocal male workers complete most of the labor. This article conceptualizes masculinity as a social structure, and uses economic reports and theoretically distinct literatures on natural‐resource‐based masculinities and energy boomtowns to illuminate how multinational energy companies and a predominantly extralocal, male itinerant workforce in Pennsylvania'sMarcellusShale region cause adverse situational conditions for local men's constructions of masculinity. Within the new masculine structure, extralocal men's constructions of hegemonic masculinity become more important for defining the local socially dominant masculinity, which subordinates local men's constructions of nonhegemonic masculinities in their own communities. The article concludes with a discussion of how the oil and gas industry's hegemonic masculinity impedes sustainable economic development and community well‐being.
A Closer Examination of Sexual Trauma During Deployment: Not all Sexual Traumas are Associated with Suicidal Ideation
Authors: Monteith Lindsey L. , Menefee Deleene S. , Forster Jeri E. , Bahraini Nazanin H. 
Published: June 2015

Military personnel can be exposed to a wide range of sexual trauma while deployed, including sexual harassment and sexual assault. We examined whether different types of sexual trauma during deployment associated with recent suicidal ideation among previously deployed OEF/OIF/OND veterans admitted to trauma‐focused treatment (n = 199). More severe forms of sexual trauma (e.g., sexual assault) were significantly and positively associated with suicidal ideation. In contrast, sexual trauma involving verbal remarks (e.g., sexual harassment) was not associated with suicidal ideation. Our findings suggest that sexual harassment and sexual assault during deployment may be differentially associated with suicidal ideation.