bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term survival in patients with metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal cancer treated with surgery
Authors: Badgwell Brian , Roy‐Chowdhuri Sinchita , Chiang Yi‐Ju , Matamoros Aurelio , Blum Mariela , Fournier Keith , Mansfield Paul , Ajani Jaffer 
Published: April 2015

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine the survival of patients with metastatic gastric cancer treated with surgery.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of 7,404 patients with gastric or gastroesophageal cancer seen from January 1995 to August 2012 at MD Anderson Cancer Center and identified patients with stage IV disease treated with surgery. Kaplan–Meier curves were created to compare overall survival (OS) between groups.ResultsOf the 82 patients who met inclusion criteria, sites of metastatic disease included peritoneum (N = 34, 42%), positive cytology only (N = 17, 21%), distant lymph nodes (N = 12, 15%), and distant organs (N = 19, 23%). The median time from initial cancer diagnosis to surgery for metastatic disease was 10 months (range, 0–70). Surgery included exploratory surgery only (N = 16, 20%), primary tumor resection with or without resection of distant disease (N = 50, 61%), and distant disease resection only (N = 16, 20%). Median follow‐up for living patients was 3 years (range, 0.1–14). Median survival for all patients was 1.5 years (range, 0.1–14). Five year OS for patients with peritoneal metastases, positive cytology only, distant lymph nodes, and distant organ involvement was 13, 42, 20, and 34%, respectively.ConclusionsSurgery in the setting of metastatic disease is an uncommon clinical scenario and has a considerable risk of exploration without resection, although long‐term survival is possible. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:875–881. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparing high‐resolution microscopy techniques for potential intraoperative use in guiding low‐grade glioma resections
Authors: Meza Daphne , Wang Danni , Wang Yu , Borwege Sabine , Sanai Nader , Liu Jonathan T. C. 
Published: April 2015

Background and ObjectivesFluorescence image‐guided surgery (FIGS), with contrast provided by 5‐ALA‐induced PpIX, has been shown to enable a higher extent of resection of high‐grade gliomas. However, conventional FIGS with low‐power microscopy lacks the sensitivity to aid in low‐grade glioma (LGG) resection because PpIX signal is weak and sparse in such tissues. Intraoperative high‐resolution microscopy of PpIX fluorescence has been proposed as a method to guide LGG resection, where sub‐cellular resolution allows for the visualization of sparse and punctate mitochondrial PpIX production in tumor cells. Here, we assess the performance of three potentially portable high‐resolution microscopy techniques that may be used for the intraoperative imaging of human LGG tissue samples with PpIX contrast: high‐resolution fiber‐optic microscopy (HRFM), high‐resolution wide‐field microscopy (WFM), and dual‐axis confocal (DAC) microscopy.Materials and MethodsThick unsectioned human LGG tissue samples (n = 7) with 5‐ALA‐induced PpIX contrast were imaged using three imaging techniques (HRFM, WFM, DAC). The average signal‐to‐background ratio (SBR) was then calculated for each imaging modality (5 images per tissue, per modality).ResultsHRFM provides the ease of use and portability of a flexible fiber bundle, and is simple and inexpensive to build. However, in most cases (6/7), HRFM is not capable of detecting PpIX signal from LGGs due to high autofluorescence, generated by the fiber bundle under laser illumination at 405 nm, which overwhelms the PpIX signal and impedes its visualization. WFM is a camera‐based method possessing high lateral resolution but poor axial resolution, resulting in sub‐optimal image contrast.ConclusionsConsistent successful detection of PpIX signal throughout our human LGG tissue samples (n = 7), with an acceptable image contrast (SBR >2), was only achieved using DAC microscopy, which offers superior image resolution and contrast that is comparable to histology, but requires a laser‐scanning mechanism to achieve optical sectioning. Lasers Surg. Med. 47:289–295, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Overactive bladder in adults with sickle cell disease
Authors: Anele Uzoma A. , Morrison Belinda F. , Reid Marvin E. , Madden Wendy , Foster Shara , Burnett Arthur L. 
Published: April 2015

AimsTo characterize the prevalence and impact of nocturnal enuresis and overactive bladder (OAB) symptomatology in the adult sickle‐cell disease (SCD) population.MethodsWe performed a single‐center, cross‐sectional study of adult SCD patients from October 2012 to February 2014, using the validated Pfizer OAB short form questionnaire and brief voiding history surveys. Patient responses and scores were compared to that of controls having normal or sickle cell trait hemoglobin genotypes.ResultsA group of 239 SCD patients (116 males, 123 females) were compared with 104 normal and 57 sickle cell trait patients. Seven of 239 (2.9%) SCD patients compared to none of the 161 patients without SCD (P = 0.04) reported current nocturnal enuresis. The median age of nocturnal enuresis cessation was higher in SCD patients (12.0, IQR 9.0–15.0 years) compared to that of both normal (7.5, IQR 6.0–9.8 years) and sickle cell trait (7.5, IQR 6.0–8.8 years) groups (P < 0.0001). Ninety‐three of 239 (38.9%) SCD patients compared to 17 of 104 (16.3%) normal and 11 of 57 (19.3%) sickle cell trait had scores indicating OAB symptomatology (P < 0.0001). Patients with SCD had higher OAB symptom severity and lower health‐related quality of life (HRQL) scores compared to the normal and sickle cell trait groups (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001, respectively).ConclusionsWe demonstrate an elevated rate of nocturnal enuresis and OAB symptoms in the adult SCD population. An OAB phenotype may be an under‐recognized complication of SCD irrespective of age. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:642–646, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Identification of elastoplastic microscopic material parameters within a homogenization scheme
Authors: Schmidt U. , Mergheim J. , Steinmann P. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryA two‐scale parameter identification approach is investigated. The microscopic material parameters of a two‐scale model are identified by comparing macroscopic simulation data with macroscopic full‐field measurements of the micro‐structured specimen. Gradient‐based solution strategies are employed for the optimization problem of the two‐scale parameter identification. In particular, two approaches for the gradient calculation are investigated: the finite difference method is compared with a newly introduced semi‐analytical scheme. The focus lies on the identification of microscopic elastoplastic material parameters. The presented identification example with artificial data confirms a reduced computational effort and advantageous convergence for the semi‐analytical approach within the two‐scale parameter identification. A drawback is the increase in memory requirement. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structure/reactivity/photoinitiation ability relationships in novel benzo pyrazolo (or imidazo) isoquinolinone derivatives upon visible light LEDs
Authors: Xiao Pu , Dumur Frédéric , Zhang Jing , Bouzrati‐Zerelli Mariem , Graff Bernadette , Gigmes Didier , Fouassier Jean Pierre , Lalevée Jacques 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTIsoquinolinone derivatives bearing amino‐ or nitro‐ substituent (IQNs) have been synthesized as photoinitiators and combined with various additives (i.e., iodonium salt, N‐vinylcarbazole, amine or 2,4,6‐tris(trichloromethyl)−1,3,5‐triazine) to initiate ring‐opening cationic polymerizations (CP) or free radical polymerizations under exposure to visible LEDs (e.g., LEDs at 405 nm or 455 nm, or cold white LED) or a halogen lamp. Compared to the well‐known camphorquinone‐based systems, the novel IQNs‐based combinations employed here demonstrate higher efficiencies for the CP of epoxides. The photochemically generated reactive species (i.e., cations and radicals) from the IQNs‐based systems have been investigated by steady state photolysis, cyclic voltammetry, fluorescence, laser flash photolysis, and electron spin resonance spin trapping techniques. The structure/reactivity/photoinitiating ability relationships of IQNs‐based combinations are also discussed; the crucial role of the excited state lifetimes of the photoinitiators to ensure efficient quenching by additives is clearly underlined. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015, 53, 1806–1815
Modulation of optical and electronic properties of quinoxailine‐based conjugated polymers for organic photovoltaic cells
Authors: Kim Ji‐Hoon , Song Chang Eun , Shin Won Suk , Kim BongSoo , Kang In‐Nam , Hwang Do‐Hoon 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTThe synthesis of donor–acceptor type semiconducting copolymers is described. Quinoxaline (QX) or difluorinated quinoxaline (DFQX) derivatives serve as electron acceptors, while thiophene (T) or selenophene (Se) serve as electron donors. Alternating polymers are synthesized through Stille cross‐coupling, and their thermal stability, optical and electrochemical properties, field‐effect carrier mobilities, film crystallinities, and photovoltaic performances are investigated. The intramolecular charge transfer between the electron‐donating and electron‐accepting units in the backbone induces absorption from 450 to 750 nm. The optical band‐gap energies of the polymers are between 1.65 and 1.73 eV, and depend on the polymer structure. Organic photovoltaic cells fabricated using a polymer composed of DFQX and selenophene (PSe‐DFQX) exhibit a power conversion efficiency of 5.14% with an open‐circuit voltage of 0.78 V, a short‐circuit current density of 11.71 mA/cm2, and fill factor of 0.57 under AM 1.5 G irradiation (100 mW cm−2). © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015, 53, 1904–1914
Deposition of PETN Following the Detonation of Seismoplast Plastic Explosive
Authors: Thiboutot Sonia , Brousseau Patrick , Ampleman Guy 
Published: April 2015

AbstractMany nation’s armed forces are undertaking efforts to minimize the environmental impacts of live‐fire military training. Based on this, the Canadian Department of National Defence has undertaken a project to examine potential alternatives to the use of Composition C4, an RDX‐based plastic explosive. Plastic explosives are widely used by all armed forces for both military engineering tasks and explosive ordnance disposal and their use may lead to the deposition of explosives in the environment, namely RDX, in the case of C4. RDX is very stable in the environment, water soluble, and moves relatively rapidly towards surface and groundwater bodies. One option identified as a potential RDX‐free formulation is a pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) based plastic explosive, commercially available in Germany and referred to as Seismoplast. In order to measure the environmental impacts of this formulation, a deposition rate study was conducted. These tests consist of evaluating the detonation efficiencies of munitions during detonation scenarios representative of military training. Data generated from these tests are the deposition masses of the energetic components in the explosive filler, which in this case is PETN. To achieve this objective, seven blocks of Seismoplast were open detonated over a surface of pristine snow, and post‐detonation surface samples were collected to measure residual PETN. The trial demonstrated that less than 1×10−7 % of PETN is deposited upon detonation of Seismoplast. The energetic material deposition rates obtained in this trial are much lower than rates obtained for the RDX‐based C4 currently in‐service within Canada. Switching from a RDX‐based plastic explosive to one based on PETN may be an interesting option through which the Department of National Defence can reduce the environmental impact of its activities.
Blue phosphor synthesized with Eu‐containing strontium aluminate by reaction on single crystalline magnesia
Authors: Komatsu Keiji , Nakamura Atsushi , Kato Ariyuki , Ohshio Shigeo , Saitoh Hidetoshi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe luminescence properties of strontium aluminate (Sr‐Al‐O) phosphors change strongly depending on the starting metal composition ratio of strontium oxide (SrO) and alumina (Al2O3). In this study, the starting metal composition effect on blue Sr‐Al‐O:Eu2+ phosphor synthesized on single crystalline magnesia (MgO) was investigated. The crystal structure and the emission property of the obtained Sr‐Al‐O:Eu2+ blue phosphors, were independent of the Al2O3/SrO ratio in the raw material. In addition, the obtained emission phases were not contained Al atom. These results indicated the correct starting metal composition for the blue phosphor synthesized on MgO is SrO:Eu. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Semiconducting asphaltene thin films: preparation and characterization
Authors: Nassar Ibrahim M. , Mamiyev Zamin , Khalilova Khuraman , Mammadov Eldar , Aliyeva Yegana , Alekperov Oktay , Bayramov Ayaz , Mamedov Nazim 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAsphaltene thin films of 100‐500 nm thicknesses were deposited on soda lime glass substrates from toluene solution by spray pyrolysis method. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), photoluminescence (PL), spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) methods were used for characterization of the films. The obtained films were found to be broad band semiconducting material with band gap energy ∼ 3.1 eV and exhibited n‐type conductivity with resistivity ρ ∼ 8·102Ω·cm. Concentration of free radicals and g‐factor were about of ∼ 1018 spin/g and 2.00307, respec­tively. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Insights from the everyday: implications of reframing the governance of water supply and demand from ‘people’ to ‘practice’
Authors: Browne Alison L. 
Published: April 2015

While the emerging shift to ‘people‐oriented’ water management could be applauded, existing conceptual and methodological approaches limit understandings of consumer behavior and linked social, cultural, and infrastructural changes. Using the example of water demand throughout, ‘people oriented’ approaches are shown to deny complexity and homogenize ideas of the consumer and supply systems. The way in which this is enacted in current, dominant forms of water management and water demand is discussed. New and more responsive conceptual and methodological approaches are needed to address the existing and future uncertainties facing water sectors worldwide. ‘Practice‐oriented’ approaches are explored and shown to open up understandings of current diversities and complexities of demand and the patterns of these demands across populations. Such a conceptual and methodological reorientation reflects a need—potentially counter intuitively for those in the water industry—to let go of the focus on water and to instead focus on the services such resources provide in everyday lives and how these services could be more sustainably provisioned. Such an approach will assist in understanding current demand profiles, potentially improve the forecasting of future trajectories of change, and open up new routes for intervention to both water demand and water supply systems at various scales. Through the example of water demand, the implications of moving to a practice‐oriented approach for the governance of water systems more generally are considered. WIREs Water 2015, 2:415–424. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1084This article is categorized under:

Engineering Water > Planning Water
Human Water > Water Governance
Hydrological drought explained
Authors: Van Loon Anne F. 
Published: April 2015

Drought is a complex natural hazard that impacts ecosystems and society in many ways. Many of these impacts are associated with hydrological drought (drought in rivers, lakes, and groundwater). It is, therefore, crucial to understand the development and recovery of hydrological drought. In this review an overview is given of the current state of scientific knowledge of definitions, processes, and quantification of hydrological drought. Special attention is given to the influence of climate and terrestrial properties (geology, land use) on hydrological drought characteristics and the role of storage. Furthermore, the current debate about the use and usefulness of different drought indicators is highlighted and recent advances in drought monitoring and prediction are mentioned. Research on projections of hydrological drought for the future is summarized. This review also briefly touches upon the link of hydrological drought characteristics with impacts and the issues related to drought management. Finally, four challenges for future research on hydrological drought are defined that relate international initiatives such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the ‘Panta Rhei’ decade of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS).WIREs Water2015, 2:359–392. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1085This article is categorized under:Science of Water > Hydrological ProcessesScience of Water > Water and Environmental ChangeScience of Water > Water Extremes
Double Cationic‐Anionic Ordering in Ba‐Based Oxygen‐­Deficient Perovskites
Authors: Raveau Bernard , Caignaert Vincent , Kundu Asish K. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractComplex cationic‐anionic ordering in barium‐based oxygen deficient perovskites is reviewed. Considering the parent ABO3 structure, the ordering between barium and a rare earth cation in the A site generates three classes of oxides, called double, triple and nanoscale ordered quintuple perovskites. From the ordering between a transition element (Fe, Co) and a larger cation on the B site two structural families are obtained, containing calcium and yttrium respectively. These oxides offer a vast playground for the investigation of magnetic and transport properties.
Synergistic Geometrical and Electronic Features in the Intermetallic Phases Ca2AgM2, Ca2MgM2, and Ca2GaM2 (M = Pd, Pt)
Authors: Ponou Siméon , Miller Gordon J. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSix new analogous phases, Ca2AgM2, Ca2MgM2, and Ca2M2Ga (M = Pd, Pt), were rationally prepared by direct combination of the respective elements at high temperature, allowing us to clarify the factors controlling the structural selection between the orthorhombic W2CoB2‐type structure (Immm) and its distorted monoclinic Gd2AlGe2‐type derivative (C2/c), as well as to investigate the mechanism and the extent of the electronic flexibility of the W2CoB2‐type structure. All crystal structures were refined from single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction data. Two pairs of compounds Ca2AgM2 (5 ve/f.u) and Ca2MgM2 (6 ve/f.u) adopt the orthorhombic W2CoB2 type, whereas the pair of Ga analogues Ca2M2Ga (7 ve/fu) crystallize in the monoclinic Gd2AlGe2‐ or Ca2Ir2Si‐type structure, confirming the valence electron count (vec) as the dominant factor controlling the structural selection in this series. The stability factors and chemical bonding features behind the similarities and differences of these closely related structures were theoretically investigated using first‐principles density functional calculations. They provide additional evidences of the decisive influence of the vec as well as the electronegativity differences between constituent elements, on the structural trends. In addition, the cooperative roles of the geometrical and electronic flexibility associated with the inherent anisotropy of the orthorhombic symmetry of the W2CoB2 type are emphasized.
Sr2P7X (X = Cl, Br, and I): Synthesis, Crystal and Electronic Structures of Double Zintl Salts Containing Heptaphosphanortricyclane, P73–
Authors: Dolyniuk Juli‐Anna , Tran Nhon , Lee Kathleen , Kovnir Kirill 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThree new strontium phosphide‐halides, Sr2P7X (X = Cl, Br, and I) were synthesized and structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. In the crystal structure of all three compounds, strontium cations and halogen anions are present together with heptaphosphanortricyclane, P73–, clusters. Sr2P7Br and Sr2P7I are isostructural and crystallize in a new structure type in the chiral cubic space group P213 (No. 198). Sr2P7Cl crystallizes in a new structure type in the centrosymmetric monoclinic space group C2/c (No. 15). According to the Zintl concept, quantum‐mechanical calculations, and UV/Vis spectroscopy, Sr2P7X compounds are all electron‐balanced wide‐bandgap semiconductors. The bonding in the P73– clusters was analyzed by means of electron localization function.
The phenotypic spectrum of organic acidurias and urea cycle disorders. Part 1: the initial presentation
Authors: Kölker Stefan , Cazorla Angeles Garcia , Valayannopoulos Vassili , Lund Allan M. , Burlina Alberto B. , Sykut‐Cegielska Jolanta , Wijburg Frits A. , Teles Elisa Leão , Zeman Jiri , Dionisi‐Vici Carlo , Barić Ivo , Karall Daniela , Augoustides‐Savvopoulou Persephone , Aksglaede Lise , Arnoux Jean‐Baptiste , Avram Paula , Baumgartner Matthias R. , Blasco‐Alonso Javier , Chabrol Brigitte , Chakrapani Anupam , Chapman Kimberly , i Saladelafont Elisenda Cortès , Couce Maria L. , de Meirleir Linda , Dobbelaere Dries , Dvorakova Veronika , Furlan Francesca , Gleich Florian , Gradowska Wanda , Grünewald Stephanie , Jalan Anil , Häberle Johannes , Haege Gisela , Lachmann Robin , Laemmle Alexander , Langereis Eveline , de Lonlay Pascale , Martinelli Diego , Matsumoto Shirou , Mühlhausen Chris , de Baulny Hélène Ogier , Ortez Carlos , Peña‐Quintana Luis , Ramadža Danijela Petković , Rodrigues Esmeralda , Scholl‐Bürgi Sabine , Sokal Etienne , Staufner Christian , Summar Marshall L. , Thompson Nicholas , Vara Roshni , Pinera Inmaculada Vives , Walter John H. , Williams Monique , Burgard Peter 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical presentation of patients with organic acidurias (OAD) and urea cycle disorders (UCD) is variable; symptoms are often non‐specific.Aims/methodsTo improve the knowledge about OAD and UCD the E‐IMD consortium established a web‐based patient registry.ResultsWe registered 795 patients with OAD (n = 452) and UCD (n = 343), with ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency (n = 196), glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1; n = 150) and methylmalonic aciduria (MMA; n = 149) being the most frequent diseases. Overall, 548 patients (69 %) were symptomatic. The majority of them (n = 463) presented with acute metabolic crisis during (n = 220) or after the newborn period (n = 243) frequently demonstrating impaired consciousness, vomiting and/or muscular hypotonia. Neonatal onset of symptoms was most frequent in argininosuccinic synthetase and lyase deficiency and carbamylphosphate 1 synthetase deficiency, unexpectedly low in male OTC deficiency, and least frequently in GA1 and female OTC deficiency. For patients with MMA, propionic aciduria (PA) and OTC deficiency (male and female), hyperammonemia was more severe in metabolic crises during than after the newborn period, whereas metabolic acidosis tended to be more severe in MMA and PA patients with late onset of symptoms. Symptomatic patients without metabolic crises (n = 94) often presented with a movement disorder, mental retardation, epilepsy and psychiatric disorders (the latter in UCD only).ConclusionsThe initial presentation varies widely in OAD and UCD patients. This is a challenge for rapid diagnosis and early start of treatment. Patients with a sepsis‐like neonatal crisis and those with late‐onset of symptoms are both at risk of delayed or missed diagnosis.