bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Native multipotential stromal cell colonization and graft expander potential of a bovine natural bone scaffold
Authors: Kouroupis Dimitrios , Baboolal Thomas G. , Jones Elena , Giannoudis Peter V. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTGraft expanders are bone scaffolds used, in combination with autografts, to fill large bone defects in trauma surgery. This study investigates the graft expander potential of a natural bone substitute Orthoss® by studying its ability to support attachment, growth and osteogenic differentiation of neighboring multipotential stromal cells (MSCs). Material consisting of bone marrow (BM) aspirate and reamer‐irrigator‐aspirator (RIA)‐harvested autograft bone was co‐cultured with commercially available Orthoss® granules. Native MSCs attached to Orthoss® were expanded and phenotypically characterized. MSCs egress from neighboring cancelous bone was assessed in 3D Matrigel co‐cultures. MSC differentiation was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity per cell. CD45+ hematopoietic lineage cells and highly proliferative CD90+CD73+CD105+ MSCs preferentially colonized Orthoss® granules, over RIA bone chips. MSC colonization was followed by their intrinsic osteogenic differentiation, assessed as mineral deposition and gradual rise in ALP activity, even in the absence of osteogenic stimuli. When in contact with mixed cell populations and RIA chips, Orthoss® granules support the attachment, growth and osteogenic differentiation of neighboring MSCs. Therefore, natural bone substitutes similar to Orthoss® can be used as void fillers and graft expanders for repairing large bone defects in conjunction with autologous BM aspirates and autografts. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31:1950–1958, 2013
Ripple phenomenon of displays with nematic liquid crystal
Authors: Lee Yu‐Jung , Liu Tzong‐Shi , Lee Yu‐Ching 
Published: July 2013

AbstractLiquid crystal displays will show ripple if the display surface or display bracket is subjected to tactile forces. In this paper, the ripple of liquid crystal displays is investigated by dealing with elastic wave propagation in a liquid crystal layer. The model proposed for a visco‐elastic medium like liquid crystals (LCs) is generalized by combining the properties of a crystalline solid and an anisotropic fluid. The governing equation is derived by using visco‐elastic and wave equations. In the experiments, a linear motor is used to touch the display panel for producing ripple. Displays of three different amounts of LCs are compared. Experimental results also show that each display panel has its own wave propagation velocity that is not changed by different motor touch speeds. In addition, both theoretical analysis and experimental results depict that displays with a larger amount of LCs lead to slower ripple speed.
Management and prognosis of primary tracheal cancer: A national analysis
Authors: Nouraei S. Mahmoud , Middleton Steve E. , Reza Nouraei S. A. , Virk Jagdeep S. , George P. Jeremy , Hayward Martin , Sandhu Guri S. 
Published: July 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo perform a national review of the incidence and treatment of primary tracheal cancer and to identify gaps in service provision and factors associated with survival.Study DesignRetrospective analysis of Hospital Episode Statistics data for England between 1996 and 2011.MethodsInformation about age, sex, morbidity, provider trust, diagnostic delay, nature of hospital admission and treatment, and palliation‐free survival were recorded. The relationship between variables and survival was explored with Cox regression.ResultsThere were 874 patients, giving an incidence of 0.9 per million. Mean age at diagnosis was 66 ± 13, and there were 456 (52%) males. Mean presentation to diagnosis latency was 2.5 ± 8 months, and 40% of patients presented as emergency admissions. There were 19 cases of oesophageal involvement and 241 cases of bronchopulmonary involvement; and 188 patients developed distant metastases. There were 60 curative resections (6.9%), which was the most significant predictor of palliation‐free survival (hazard ratio: 0.23; 95% confidence interval 0.13–0.38). Other prognostic variables included age, sex, emergency admission, interventional bronchoscopy, chemotherapy, oesophageal involvement, and distant metastases. Ten‐year palliation‐free survival was 60.8% with curative resection and 19.5% overall. Eighty‐six percent of patients were treated in units that treated fewer than one patient per year.ConclusionTracheal cancer is under‐recognized and under‐treated. Early diagnosis, access to interventional bronchoscopy, and surgical treatment in specialist units may improve the survival of patients with this condition.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 124:145–150, 2014
Optical formation and manipulation of particle and cell patterns using a tapered optical fiber
Authors: Xin Hongbao , Xu Rui , Li Baojun 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA method for optical formation and controllable manipulation of particle and cell patterns using a tapered optical fiber is demonstrated. With a laser beam at 980‐nm wavelength launched into the fiber, different sized silica particles were formed into particle patterns (both one‐dimensional chains and two‐dimensional arrays) with different particle numbers by optical binding. The formed particle patterns can be controllably manipulated in three dimensions. Using yeast cells as an example, it was demonstrated that the method is applicable for the formation of biological cell patterns, without damage to the yeast cell viability. This method provides a new facile way for biophotonic and biological researches with particles and cells in a highly organized manner.
Synthesis and Thermal Properties of Comb‐Like Maleimide Copolymers Containing Polymethylene and Poly(Ethylene Oxide) Side Chains as the N‐Substituents
Authors: Takeda Kyota , Omayu Akitoshi , Matsumoto Akikazu 
Published: July 2013

The radical copolymerization of N‐substituted maleimides containing polymethylene and poly(ethylene oxide) side chains as the N‐substituent groups with isobutene, styrene, and α‐methylstyrene as the electron‐donating monomers is carried out in order to investigate the structure and thermal properties of the resulting comb‐like copolymers. The obtained copolymers show excellent thermal stability and their glass transition temperatures vary depending on the chain length of the introduced N‐substituents. The main‐ and side‐chain motions of the copolymers are investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis at various frequencies over the temperature range of −150 to 100 °C.
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Novel Poly(Benzonorbornadiene) Derivatives Prepared by a Three‐Dimensional Geometry Bimetallic Nickel Catalyst with Good Processability for Electrospinning
Authors: Huo Ping , Liu Wanyun , He Xiaohui , Chen Yiwang 
Published: July 2013

AbstractTwo novel benzonorbornadiene derivatives (OAc)2BenzoNBD and (OCH2PhBr)2BenzoNBD monomers are synthesized and applied to copolymerize with 2‐butoxymethylene norbornene (BN) by the catalytic system of three‐dimensional geometry bimetallic nickel complex/B(C6F5)3. The (OCH2PhBr)2BenzoNBD or (OAc)2BenzoNBD content in the copolymers can be controlled 9.1–26.7% or 9.7–30.4% by varying the comonomer feed ratios (OCH2PhBr)2BenzoNBD or (OAc)2BenzoNBD from 10 to 50%, respectively. Both of the poly(BN‐co‐(OCH2PhBr)2BenzoNBD)s and poly(BN‐co‐(OAc)2BenzoNBD)s exhibit high thermal stability and high glass transition temperature, as well as excellent optical transparency. Copolymers are processed into films and fibers by solution casting method and electrospinning, respectively. The films show good transparency in the visible region while the fibers are uniform with smooth surface and diameters ranging from 700 to 1 200 nm.
Prediction for Rational Synthesis Based on Weighted Feature Selection Method
Authors: Qi Miao , Li Jinsong , Wang Jianzhong , Lu Yinghua , Kong Jun 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn this paper, a novel integrated feature selection model is proposed to analyze the relationship between the synthesis factors and the specific resulting structure on the database of AlPO synthesis. Concretely, the proposed model can select the most significant synthesis factors affecting the formation of a (6,12)‐ring‐containing structure by combining multiple feature selection methods. Firstly, eight feature selection methods are employed to prerank the synthesis factors based on the predictive performance of support vector machine. Then, a weighted fusion mechanism is presented to rerank the results. Finally, sequential forward floating search method is utilized to select the most significant synthesis factors in view of the highest predictive performance. A large number of experimental results show that the proposed model is efficient and feasible. The predictive accuracy can reach 86.47 % with the selected 10 factors among 21 synthesis factors. The selection and ranking results also give a rational understanding for AlPO synthesis. More specifically, a proportional relationship among gel composition parameters is recommended based on the result of feature selection, which has important guiding significance for the rational design and synthesis.
Diaphragm depth in normal subjects
Authors: Shahgholi Leili , Baria Michael R. , Sorenson Eric J. , Harper Caitlin J. , Watson James C. , Strommen Jeffrey A. , Boon Andrea J. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Needle electromyography (EMG) of the diaphragm carries the potential risk of pneumothorax. Knowing the approximate depth of the diaphragm should increase the test's safety and accuracy. Methods: Distances from the skin to the diaphragm and from the outer surface of the rib to the diaphragm were measured using B mode ultrasound in 150 normal subjects. Results: When measured at the lower intercostal spaces, diaphragm depth varied between 0.78 and 4.91 cm beneath the skin surface and between 0.25 and 1.48 cm below the outer surface of the rib. Using linear regression modeling, body mass index (BMI) could be used to predict diaphragm depth from the skin to within an average of 1.15 mm. Conclusions: Diaphragm depth from the skin can vary by more than 4 cm. When image guidance is not available to enhance accuracy and safety of diaphragm EMG, it is possible to reliably predict the depth of the diaphragm based on BMI. Muscle Nerve 49: 666–668, 2014
Enhanced balancing Neumann–Neumann preconditioning in computational fluid and solid mechanics
Authors: Badia Santiago , Martín Alberto F. , Príncipe Javier 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYIn this work, we propose an enhanced implementation of balancing Neumann–Neumann (BNN) preconditioning together with a detailed numerical comparison against the balancing domain decomposition by constraints (BDDC) preconditioner. As model problems, we consider the Poisson and linear elasticity problems. On one hand, we propose a novel way to deal with singular matrices and pseudo‐inverses appearing in local solvers. It is based on a kernel identification strategy that allows us to efficiently compute the action of the pseudo‐inverse via local indefinite solvers. We further show how, identifying a minimum set of degrees of freedom to be fixed, an equivalent definite system can be solved instead, even in the elastic case. On the other hand, we propose a simple implementation of the algorithm that reduces the number of Dirichlet solvers to only one per iteration, leading to similar computational cost as additive methods. After these improvements of the BNN preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm, we compare its performance against that of the BDDC preconditioners on a pair of large‐scale distributed‐memory platforms. The enhanced BNN method is a competitive preconditioner for three‐dimensional Poisson and elasticity problems and outperforms the BDDC method in many cases. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sparse Partial‐least‐squares Discriminant Analysis for Different Geographical Origins ofSalvia miltiorrhizaby1H‐NMR‐based Metabolomics
Authors: Jiang Miaomiao , Wang Chunhua , Zhang Yu , Feng Yifan , Wang Yuefei , Zhu Yan 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTIntroduction1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has clear advantages in respect of detecting various primary and secondary metabolites in plants simultaneously, non‐targeted and non‐destructively.ObjectiveTo establish a method for detecting both primary and secondary metabolites inSalvia miltiorrhizaand screening potential geographical biomarkers effectively.MethodsPrimary and secondary metabolites ofS.militiorrhizawere detected and identified by1H‐NMR fingerprint. Sparse partial‐least‐squares discriminant analysis (sPLS‐DA) was undertaken for classification and variable selection in a one‐step procedure and the classification error rates were implemented to estimate the cluster validation of sPLS‐DA. Potential candidate metabolites by characterised different geographical origins ofS.miltiorrhizawere identified according to the sparse loading vectors. The levels of these metabolites were quantified and evaluated by Kruskal–Wallis tests and also showed significant difference.ResultsTwenty‐six primary and secondary metabolites were identified in samples from different regions. The results suggest that malonate and succinate can be possibly recognised as the key markers for discriminating the geographical origin ofS.miltiorrhizabased on the regulation and influence on the root respiratory rates of plants.Conclusion1H‐NMR metabolic profiling combination with PLS‐DA provided a very efficient and visualised representation of similarities and dissimilarities betweenS.miltiorrhizasamples. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multidisciplinary perinatal management of the compromised airway on placental support: lessons learned
Authors: Osborn Alexander J. , Baud David , Macarthur Alison J. , Propst Evan J. , Forte Vito , Blaser Susan M. , Windrim Rory , Seaward Gareth , Keunen Johannes , Shah Prakesh , Ryan Greg , Campisi Paolo 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe aims of this study were to review fetal and maternal outcomes after management of the compromised perinatal airway via operation on placental support or ex utero intrapartum treatment and to discuss implications for future management of these complex and rare cases.MethodsWe have presented a retrospective case series of 12 neonates requiring airway management on placental support at a single tertiary care, academic center.ResultsOne mother experienced significant blood loss. Operative recovery times were unremarkable. Eight neonates required airway management due to mass obstruction, two for removal of an endotracheal balloon for fetoscopic treatment of congenital diaphragmatic hernia, one for laryngeal atresia, and one for severe retrognathia. One of our series is an unusual case of management on placental support after vaginal delivery. Another child would have ideally been managed on placental support, but an extremely short umbilical cord prevented this. Even though the airway was secured in all 12 cases, five neonates died in the perinatal period.ConclusionsThese procedures have a risk for substantial maternal blood loss. Despite excellent rates of success securing the neonatal airway, children who require management on placental support still have high mortality. A formalized multidisciplinary approach at our institution has enhanced preparedness for these cases. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Association GSTT1, GSTM1 and GSTP1 (Ile105Val) genetic polymorphisms in mothers with risk of congenital malformations in their children in Western Siberia: a case‐control study
Authors: Gordeeva Lyudmila A. , Voronina Elena N. , Sokolova Ekaterina A. , Ermolenko Natalia A. , Gareeva Julia V. , Sutulina Irina M. , Simonova Tatiana A. , Filipenko Maxim L. , Glushkov Andrej N. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTObjectivePolymorphisms of glutathione S‐transferase (GST) genes in mothers may be involved in teratogenesis in their offspring. This study aims to investigate the association of GST genes (T1, M1 and P1) with the risk of having children with congenital malformations (CMs) in residents of the West Siberian region of Russia.MethodWe studied 235 women with offspring's with CMs, and 273 women with one or more healthy children. Null genotypes of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were identified through multiplex real‐time polymerase chain reaction, and GSTP1 gene (Ile105Val) polymorphism was determined through TaqMan‐real‐time polymerase chain reaction.ResultsThe study showed that the maternal genotype GSTT1 «0/0» is associated with CMs in the offspring (odd ratio (OR) = 3.63, P = 5.18 × 10‐9). A significant association of the maternal genotype GSTT1 «0/0» with CMs of the cardiovascular system (OR = 5.03, P = 2.93 × 10‐7), urinary system (OR = 4.20, P = 3.51 × 10‐6) and central nervous system (OR = 4.40, P = 6.69 × 10‐5) was found in the child. No association of maternal GSTM1 (del) and GSTP1 (Ile105Val) genetic polymorphisms with CMs of the child was identified.ConclusionHomozygous deletion of the GSTT1 gene in women of the West Siberian region is a risk factor for birth defects in the child. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pharmacological treatments for ADHD
Authors: Parker Caroline 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn the second of this series of updated reviews on the major psychiatric drug groups, in association with the College of Mental Health Pharmacy (CMHP; www.cmhp.org.uk), Caroline Parker discusses the use of drug treatments in the management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), including their indications, efficacy, adverse effects and recommended dosing regimens.
Appearance concerns among women with neurofibromatosis: examining sexual/bodily and social self‐consciousness
Authors: Smith Kelly B. , Wang Daphne L. , Plotkin Scott R. , Park Elyse R. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractObjectiveNeurofibromatosis (NF) 1 and 2 have distinct appearance effects, yet little research has examined patients' appearance concerns. We assessed appearance concerns and self‐consciousness, self‐esteem, and loneliness among women with NF.MethodsWomen with NF1 (n = 79) and NF2 (n = 48) completed the Derriford Appearance Scale to assess appearance concerns and sexual/bodily and social self‐consciousness, Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale, and UCLA Loneliness Scale. Women's appearance concerns were coded to determine whether they were NF‐related and whether psychosocial factors contributed to the concerns.ResultsA total of 85% of women reported appearance concerns, many of which were NF‐related and attributed to psychosocial factors. Women with NF1 reported significantly more sexual/bodily self‐consciousness but similar levels of social self‐consciousness compared with women with NF2. Significantly higher sexual/bodily self‐consciousness was found among married/cohabiting women regardless of NF group. Compared with general population norms and breast cancer survivors (BCS), women with NF1 reported significantly greater sexual/bodily and social self‐consciousness. Women with NF2 reported less sexual/bodily self‐consciousness compared with population norms, yet tended to report greater sexual/bodily self‐consciousness than BCS. Women with NF2 reported significantly greater social self‐consciousness compared with population norms and BCS. For both NF1 and NF2, higher levels of sexual/bodily and social self‐consciousness were related to lower self‐esteem and higher levels of social self‐consciousness to more loneliness.ConclusionsAppearance concerns are prevalent, and social self‐consciousness is high, among women with NF1 and NF2. Women with NF1 compared with NF2 experience more sexual/bodily self‐consciousness. Providers should assess the impact of NF on women's self‐perceptions and address sexual, body image, and social concerns. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Remarkable alkaline stability of an engineered protein A as immunoglobulin affinity ligand: C domain having only one amino acid substitution
Authors: Minakuchi Kazunobu , Murata Dai , Okubo Yuji , Nakano Yoshiyuki , Yoshida Shinichi 
Published: July 2013

AbstractProtein A affinity chromatography is the standard purification process for the capture of therapeutic antibodies. The individual IgG‐binding domains of protein A (E, D, A, B, C) have highly homologous amino acid sequences. From a previous report, it has been assumed that the C domain has superior resistance to alkaline conditions compared to the other domains. We investigated several properties of the C domain as an IgG‐Fc capture ligand. Based on cleavage site analysis of a recombinant protein A using a protein sequencer, the C domain was found to be the only domain to have neither of the potential alkaline cleavage sites. Circular dichroism (CD) analysis also indicated that the C domain has good physicochemical stability. Additionally, we evaluated the amino acid substitutions at the Gly‐29 position of the C domain, as the Z domain (an artificial B domain) acquired alkaline resistance through a G29A mutation. The G29A mutation proved to increase the alkaline resistance of the C domain, based on BIACORE analysis, although the improvement was significantly smaller than that observed for the B domain. Interestingly, a number of other amino acid mutations at the same position increased alkaline resistance more than did the G29A mutation. This result supports the notion that even a single mutation on the originally alkali‐stable C domain would improve its alkaline stability. An engineered protein A based on this C domain is expected to show remarkable performance as an affinity ligand for immunoglobulin.
The dimeric form of the unphosphorylated response regulator BaeR
Authors: Choudhury Hassanul G. , Beis Konstantinos 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBacterial response regulators (RRs) can regulate the expression of genes that confer antibiotic resistance; they contain a receiver and an effector domain and their ability to bind DNA is based on the dimerization state. This is triggered by phosphorylation of the receiver domain by a kinase. However, even in the absence of phosphorylation RRs can exist in equilibrium between monomers and dimers with phosphorylation shifting the equilibrium toward the dimer form. We have determined the crystal structure of the unphosphorylated dimeric BaeR from Escherichia coli. The dimer interface is formed by a domain swap at the receiver domain. In comparison with the unphosphorylated dimeric PhoP from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, BaeR displays an asymmetry of the effector domains.
Solution structure of the N‐terminal domain of a replication restart primosome factor, PriC, in Escherichia coli
Authors: Aramaki Takahiko , Abe Yoshito , Katayama Tsutomu , Ueda Tadashi 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn eubacterial organisms, the oriC‐independent primosome plays an essential role in replication restart after the dissociation of the replication DNA‐protein complex by DNA damage. PriC is a key protein component in the replication restart primosome. Our recent study suggested that PriC is divided into two domains: an N‐terminal and a C‐terminal domain. In the present study, we determined the solution structure of the N‐terminal domain, whose structure and function have remained unknown until now. The revealed structure was composed of three helices and one extended loop. We also observed chemical shift changes in the heteronuclear NMR spectrum and oligomerization in the presence of ssDNA. These abilities may contribute to the PriC‐ssDNA complex, which is important for the replication restart primosome.