bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen‐Bond‐Driven Controlled Molecular Marriage in Covalent Cages
Authors: Acharyya Koushik , Mukherjee Partha Sarathi 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA supramolecular approach that uses hydrogen‐bonding interaction as a driving force to accomplish exceptional self‐sorting in the formation of imine‐based covalent organic cages is discussed. Utilizing the dynamic covalent chemistry approach from three geometrically similar dialdehydes (A, B, and D) and the flexible triamine tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine (X), three new [3+2] self‐assembled nanoscopic organic cages have been synthesized and fully characterized by various techniques. When a complex mixture of the dialdehydes and triamine X was subjected to reaction, it was found that only dialdehyde B (which has OH groups for H‐bonding) reacted to form the corresponding cage B3X2 selectively. Surprisingly, the same reaction in the absence of aldehyde B yielded a mixture of products. Theoretical and experimental investigations are in complete agreement that the presence of the hydroxyl moiety adjacent to the aldehyde functionality in B is responsible for the selective formation of cage B3X2 from a complex reaction mixture. This spectacular selection was further analyzed by transforming a nonpreferred (non‐hydroxy) cage into a preferred (hydroxy) cage B3X2 by treating the former with aldehyde B. The role of the H‐bond in partner selection in a mixture of two dialdehydes and two amines has also been established. Moreover, an example of unconventional imine bond metathesis in organic cage‐to‐cage transformation is reported.
Triple Helicates with Golden Strands: Self‐Assembly of M2Au6 Complexes from Gold(I) Metallaligands and Iron(II), Cobalt(II) or Zinc(II) Cations
Authors: Cámara Verónica , Masciocchi Norberto , Gil‐Rubio Juan , Vicente José 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAlkynyl gold(I) metallaligands [(AuC≡Cbpyl)2(μ‐diphosphine)] (bpyl=2,2′‐bipyridin‐5‐yl; diphosphine=Ph2P(CH2)nPPh2, [n=3 (LPr), 4 (LBu), 5 (LPent), 6 (LHex)], dppf (LFc), Binap (LBinap) and Diop (LDiop)) react with MX2 (M=Fe, Zn, X=ClO4; M=Co, X=BF4) to give triple helicates [M2(LR)3]X4. These complexes, except those containing the semirigid LBinap metallaligand, present similar hydrodynamic radii (determined by diffusion NMR spectroscopy measurements) and a similar pattern in the aromatic region of their 1H NMR spectra, which suggests that in solution they adopt a compact structure where the long and flexible organometallic strands are folded. The diastereoselectivity of the self‐assembly process was studied by using chiral metallaligands, and the absolute configuration of the iron(II) complexes with LBinap and LDiop was determined by circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD). Thus, (R)‐LBinap or (S)‐LBinap specifically induce the formation of (Δ,Δ)‐[Fe2((R)‐LBinap)3](ClO4)4 or (Λ,Λ)‐[Fe2((S)‐LBinap)3](ClO4)4, respectively, whereas (R,R)‐ or (S,S)‐LDiop give mixtures of the ΔΔ‐ and ΛΛ‐diastereomers. The ΔΔ helicate diastereomer is dominant in the reaction of FeII with (R,R)‐LDiop, whereas the ΛΛ isomer predominates in the analogous reaction with (S,S)‐LDiop. The photophysical properties of the new dinuclear alkynyl complexes and the helicates have been studied. The new metallaligands and the [Zn2(LR)3]4+ helicates present luminescence from [π→π*] excited states mainly located in the C≡Cbpyl units.
Anaplastic rhabdomyosarcoma in TP53 germline mutation carriers
Authors: Hettmer Simone , Archer Natasha M. , Somers Gino R. , Novokmet Ana , Wagers Amy J. , Diller Lisa , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos , Teot Lisa A. , Malkin David 
Published: December 2013

BACKGROUNDRhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) represents a diverse category of myogenic malignancies with marked differences in molecular alterations and histology. This study examines the question if RMS predisposition due to germline TP53 mutations correlates with certain RMS histologies.METHODSThe histology of RMS tumors diagnosed in 8 consecutive children with TP53 germline mutations was reviewed retrospectively. In addition, germline TP53 mutation analysis was performed in 7 children with anaplastic RMS (anRMS) and previously unknown TP53 status.RESULTSRMS tumors diagnosed in 11 TP53 germline mutation carriers all exhibited nonalveolar, anaplastic histology as evidenced by the presence of enlarged hyperchromatic nuclei with or without atypical mitotic figures. Anaplastic RMS was the first malignant diagnosis for all TP53 germline mutation carriers in this cohort, and median age at diagnosis was 40 months (mean, 40 months ± 15 months; range, 19‐67 months). The overall frequency of TP53 germline mutations was 73% (11 of 15 children) in pediatric patients with anRMS. The frequency of TP53 germline mutations in children with anRMS was 100% (5 of 5 children) for those with a family cancer history consistent with Li‐Fraumeni syndrome (LFS), and 80% (4 of 5 children) for those without an LFS cancer phenotype.CONCLUSIONSIndividuals harboring germline TP53 mutations are predisposed to develop anRMS at a young age. If future studies in larger anRMS cohorts confirm the findings of this study, the current Chompret criteria for LFS should be extended to include children with anRMS irrespective of family history. Cancer 2014;120:1068–1075. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Clinical activity and tolerability of enzalutamide (MDV3100) in patients with metastatic, castration‐resistant prostate cancer who progress after docetaxel and abiraterone treatment
Authors: Badrising Sushil , van der Noort Vincent , van Oort Inge M. , van den Berg H. Pieter , Los Maartje , Hamberg Paul , Coenen Jules L. , van den Eertwegh Alfons J. M. , de Jong Igle J. , Kerver Emile D. , van Tinteren Harm , Bergman Andries M. 
Published: December 2013

BACKGROUNDEnzalutamide (Enz) and abiraterone acetate (AA) are hormone treatments that have a proven survival advantage in patients with metastatic, castration‐resistant prostate cancer who previously received docetaxel (Doc). Recently, limited activity of AA after Enz and of Enz after AA was demonstrated in small cohort studies. Here, the authors present the activity and tolerability of Enz in patients who previously received AA and Doc in the largest cohort to date.METHODSThe efficacy and tolerability of Enz were investigated in men with progressive, metastatic, castrate‐resistant prostate cancer who previously received Doc and AA. Toxicity, progression‐free survival, time to prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) progression, and overall survival were retrospectively evaluated.RESULTSSixty‐one patients were included in the analysis. The median age was 69 years (interquartile range [IQR], 64‐74 years), 57 patients (93%) had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status from 0 to 2, 48 patients (79%) had bone metastases, 33 patients (54%) had lymph node metastases, and 13 patients (21%) had visceral metastases. The median duration of Enz treatment was 14.9 weeks (IQR, 11.1‐20.0 weeks), and 13 patients (21%) had a maximum PSA decline ≥50%. The median progression‐free survival was 12.0 weeks (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.1‐16.0 weeks), the median time to PSA progression was 17.4 weeks (95% CI, >16.0 weeks), and the median overall survival was 31.6 weeks (95% CI, >28.7 weeks). Enz was well tolerated, and fatigue and musculoskeletal pain were the most frequent grade ≥2 adverse events. The PSA response to Doc and AA did not predict the PSA response to Enz.CONCLUSIONSEnz has modest clinical activity in patients with metastatic, castrate‐resistant prostate cancer who previously received Doc and AA.PSA response to Doc and AA does not predict for PSA response to ENz. Cancer 2014;120:968–975. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Loss of BAP1 protein expression is an independent marker of poor prognosis in patients with low‐risk clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Joseph Richard W. , Kapur Payal , Serie Daniel J. , Eckel‐Passow Jeanette E. , Parasramka Mansi , Ho Thai , Cheville John C. , Frenkel Eugene , Rakheja Dinesh , Brugarolas James , Parker Alexander 
Published: December 2013

BACKGROUNDThe majority of patients diagnosed with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) have low‐risk disease with a < 10% chance of ccRCC‐specific death. DNA sequencing revealed that mutations in BAP1 (BRCA1 associated protein‐1) occur in 5% to 15% of ccRCC cases and are associated with poor outcomes. The vast majority of BAP1 mutations abolish protein expression. In this study, we used a highly sensitive and specific immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay to test whether BAP1 expression is an independent marker of ccRCC‐specific survival, particularly in patients with low‐risk disease.METHODSBAP1 expression was assessed, using IHC, in 1479 patients who underwent nephrectomy to treat clinically localized ccRCC. A centralized pathologist dichotomized patients as either BAP1‐positive or BAP1‐negative. The authors employed Kaplan‐Meier and Cox regression models to associate BAP1 expression with cancer‐specific survival.RESULTSA total of 10.5% of tumors were BAP1‐negative, 84.8% of tumors were BAP1‐positive, and 4.6% of tumors had ambiguous staining for BAP1. Patients with BAP1‐negative tumors have an increased risk of ccRCC‐related death (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.06; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.28‐4.10; P = 6.77 × 10−14). BAP1 expression remained an independent marker of prognosis after adjusting for the UCLA integrated staging system (UISS) (HR = 1.67; 95% CI = 1.24‐2.25; P < .001). Finally, BAP1 was an independent prognostic marker in low‐risk patients with a Mayo Clinic stage, size, grade, and necrosis (SSIGN) score of ≤ 3 (HR = 3.24; 95% CI = 1.26‐8.33; P = .015).CONCLUSIONSThis study used a large patient cohort to demonstrate that BAP1 expression is an independent marker of prognosis in patients with low‐risk (SSIGN≤ 3) ccRCC. Cancer 2014;1059–1067. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Distribution and trends of hematology and oncology research in Latin America: A decade of uncertainty
Authors: Acevedo Andrés M. , Gómez Alexandra , Becerra Henry A. , Ríos Ana P. , Zambrano Paula C. , Obando Evelyn P. , Martí‐Carvajal Arturo J. , Carranza Hernán , Vargas Carlos A. , Otero Jorge M. , Reveiz Ludovic , Cardona Andrés F. 
Published: December 2013

BACKGROUNDAlthough hematology and oncology research is a highly relevant and evolving field, research contributions by Latin American countries, apart from Brazil, remain unclear.METHODSThe authors performed a bibliometric analysis through a methodical search of the Latin American abstracts presented at 4 main hematology and oncology annual scientific meetings from 2000 to 2010. Latin American regional and national productivity was described through distribution and trend analyses; the subsequent percentage of full‐text publications was also determined.RESULTSIn total, 2871 abstracts were identified, of which 1972 abstracts (68.7%) were determined to be original Latin American research and were included in the analysis. Brazil produced by far the most abstracts, with 51.1% of the total, followed by Argentina, Mexico, Peru, Chile, and Uruguay. Together, these 6 countries accounted for 95.2% of the abstracts. Latin America had a positive trend, registering an average increase of 21.5 abstracts per year (P < .001). Significant positive growth trends were observed for Brazil, Mexico, Peru, and Uruguay. Argentina and Uruguay were the most productive countries when considering the rate of abstract presentation per population. The full‐text publication rate was 17.9%, and the median time to publication after presentation was 1 year. Brazil prevailed as the leading publishing country (60%), followed by Mexico, Argentina, Peru, Chile, and Cuba, all of which together published 96% of the full‐text articles.CONCLUSIONSHematology and oncology research is increasing in Latin America, but this contribution remains limited to a few countries. There is also a low rate of full‐text articles derived from annual scientific meetings. More extensive research is recommended. Cancer 2014;120:1237–1245. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Evidence for nonallopatric speciation among closely related sympatric Heliotropium species in the Atacama Desert
Authors: Luebert Federico , Jacobs Pit , Hilger Hartmut H. , Muller Ludo A. H. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe genetic structure of populations of closely related, sympatric species may hold the signature of the geographical mode of the speciation process. In fully allopatric speciation, it is expected that genetic differentiation between species is homogeneously distributed across the genome. In nonallopatric speciation, the genomes may remain undifferentiated to a large extent. In this article, we analyzed the genetic structure of five sympatric species from the plant genus Heliotropium in the Atacama Desert. We used amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) to characterize the genetic structure of these species and evaluate their genetic differentiation as well as the number of loci subject to positive selection using divergence outlier analysis (DOA). The five species form distinguishable groups in the genetic space, with zones of overlap, indicating that they are possibly not completely isolated. Among‐species differentiation accounts for 35% of the total genetic differentiation (FST = 0.35), and FST between species pairs is positively correlated with phylogenetic distance. DOA suggests that few loci are subject to positive selection, which is in line with a scenario of nonallopatric speciation. These results support the idea that sympatric species of Heliotropium sect. Cochranea are under an ongoing speciation process, characterized by a fluctuation of population ranges in response to pulses of arid and humid periods during Quaternary times.
Analysis of the Exploitation of EV Fast Charging to Prevent Extensive Grid Investments in Suburban Areas
Authors: Dallmer‐Zerbe Kilian , Stillahn Thies , Erge Thomas , Wille‐Haussmann Bernhard , Wittwer Christof 
Published: December 2013

AbstractFast charging of electric vehicles (EV) is assumed to affect the operation of electricity grids. In order to decrease the need for conventional grid reinforcement, energy legislators are increasingly motivated to design load‐management incentives. Using the example of Germany, we investigate the extent to which voltage‐control strategies decrease critical voltage levels in suburban low‐voltage grids compared to uncontrolled charging. Voltage violations are identified by load flow simulation. Results showed that, for uncontrolled charging of 22 kW, each scenario except for EVs at the beginning of the line violated the voltage operation limit. Under these circumstances, the grid was operated within the voltage limits for 99.2 % of the year. Violations no longer occurred if active power limitation was performed. With reactive power control, full prevention of voltage‐limit violation could not be achieved but the frequency of violations was reduced. A combination of both active power‐limitation and reactive power reduced the volume and frequency of power limitation. In most cases, a power limitation of 2 kW satisfied the voltage boundaries. Thus, voltage control decreases the need for conventional grid reinforcement if grid operators gain more real‐time information about the state of their distribution grids.
A Novel Test for Testing the Optimally Weighted Combination of Rare and Common Variants Based on Data of Parents and Affected Children
Authors: Sha Qiuying , Zhang Shuanglin 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTWith the development of sequencing technologies, the direct testing of rare variant associations has become possible. Many statistical methods for detecting associations between rare variants and complex diseases have recently been developed, most of which are population‐based methods for unrelated individuals. A limitation of population‐based methods is that spurious associations can occur when there is a population structure. For rare variants, this problem can be more serious, because the spectrum of rare variation can be very different in diverse populations, as well as the current nonexistence of methods to control for population stratification in population‐based rare variant associations. A solution to the problem of population stratification is to use family‐based association tests, which use family members to control for population stratification. In this article, we propose a novel test for Testing the Optimally Weighted combination of variants based on data of Parents and Affected Children (TOW‐PAC). TOW‐PAC is a family‐based association test that tests the combined effect of rare and common variants in a genomic region, and is robust to the directions of the effects of causal variants. Simulation studies confirm that, for rare variant associations, family‐based association tests are robust to population stratification although population‐based association tests can be seriously confounded by population stratification. The results of power comparisons show that the power of TOW‐PAC increases with an increase of the number of affected children in each family and TOW‐PAC based on multiple affected children per family is more powerful than TOW based on unrelated individuals.
Genetic associations between intelligence and cortical thickness emerge at the start of puberty
Authors: Brouwer Rachel M. , van Soelen Inge L.C. , Swagerman Suzanne C. , Schnack Hugo G. , Ehli Erik A. , Kahn René S. , Hulshoff Pol Hilleke E. , Boomsma Dorret I. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractCognitive abilities are related to (changes in) brain structure during adolescence and adulthood. Previous studies suggest that associations between cortical thickness and intelligence may be different at different ages. As both intelligence and cortical thickness are heritable traits, the question arises whether the association between cortical thickness development and intelligence is due to genes influencing both traits. We study this association in a longitudinal sample of young twins. Intelligence was assessed by standard IQ tests at age 9 in 224 twins, 190 of whom also underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Three years later at age 12, 177/125 twins returned for a follow‐up measurement of intelligence/MRI scanning, respectively. We investigated whether cortical thickness was associated with intelligence and if so, whether this association was driven by genes. At age 9, there were no associations between cortical thickness and intelligence. At age 12, a negative relationship emerged. This association was mainly driven by verbal intelligence, and manifested itself most prominently in the left hemisphere. Cortical thickness and intelligence were explained by the same genes. As a post hoc analysis, we tested whether a specific allele (rs6265; Val66Met in the BDNF gene) contributed to this association. Met carriers showed lower intelligence and a thicker cortex, but only the association between the BDNF genotype and cortical thickness in the left superior parietal gyrus reached significance. In conclusion, it seems that brain areas contributing to (verbal) intellectual performance are specializing under the influence of genes around the onset of puberty.Hum Brain Mapp 35:3760–3773, 2014. ©2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gray matter alterations in early aging: A diffusion magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Rathi Y. , Pasternak O. , Savadjiev P. , Michailovich O. , Bouix S. , Kubicki M. , Westin C.‐F. , Makris N. , Shenton M.E. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractMany studies have observed altered neurofunctional and structural organization in the aging brain. These observations from functional neuroimaging studies show a shift in brain activity from the posterior to the anterior regions with aging (PASA model), as well as a decrease in cortical thickness, which is more pronounced in the frontal lobe followed by the parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes (retrogenesis model). However, very little work has been done using diffusion MRI (dMRI) with respect to examining the structural tissue alterations underlying these neurofunctional changes in the gray matter. Thus, for the first time, we propose to examine gray matter changes using diffusion MRI in the context of aging. In this work, we propose a novel dMRI based measure of gray matter “heterogeneity” that elucidates these functional and structural models (PASA and retrogenesis) of aging from the viewpoint of diffusion MRI. In a cohort of 85 subjects (all males, ages 15–55 years), we show very high correlation between age and “heterogeneity” (a measure of structural layout of tissue in a region‐of‐interest) in specific brain regions. We examine gray matter alterations by grouping brain regions into anatomical lobes as well as functional zones. Our findings from dMRI data connects the functional and structural domains and confirms the “retrogenesis” hypothesis of gray matter alterations while lending support to the neurofunctional PASA model of aging in addition to showing the preservation of paralimbic areas during healthy aging. Hum Brain Mapp 35:3841–3856, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gender Roles and Organizational HR Practices: The Case of Women's Careers in Accountancy and Consultancy Firms in China
Authors: Lee Cooke Fang , Xiao Yuchun 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe Chinese finance industry has experienced significant expansion both within the state sector and into the private sector. Professional consultancy firms have also emerged as a result of the rising interest in the outsourcing of accounting and management services. However, the study of women's careers in the accountancy profession in contemporary China remains largely an uncharted territory. Drawing on data from 69 interviews with auditors in five firms, this article investigates the nature of work of external auditors in China and how women auditors view their work‐life choices and constraints. We explore the likely differences between male and female auditors in their career aspirations and the extent to which these self‐perceived differences are informed by social conventions of gender role, organizational practices, and personal preferences. The study has strong implications for human resource management in professional service firms in China, with particular reference to job design, work organization, career support, and work‐life balance initiatives. The study contributes to the debate on gender, employment, and career development in the accountancy profession in different parts of the world. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Shared Understanding as a Gateway for Treatment Engagement: A Preliminary Study Examining the Effectiveness of the Culturally Enhanced Video Feedback Engagement Intervention
Authors: Yasui Miwa , Henry David B. 
Published: December 2013

ObjectiveFor ethnic minority families, the bridging of clinician–client differences is essential to their engagement in treatment. The Culturally Enhanced Video Feedback Engagement (CEVE) intervention aims to enhance client engagement through fostering clinician–client shared cultural understanding. The present study tested the effectiveness of the CEVE on client‐rated clinician cultural competence and therapeutic alliance.MethodNineteen ethnic minority families with children aged 3–6 years were randomized to the CEVE (n = 9) or treatment as usual (n = 10) at an outpatient clinic.ResultsResults from linear mixed effects regression models indicated a significant effect of the CEVE on intercept, suggesting that clinician cultural competence and therapeutic alliance were significantly higher in the CEVE condition. No effect was found for clinician growth in skills.ConclusionsThe results indicate that the CEVE enhances client treatment engagement via clinician cultural competence and clinician–client alliance, suggesting its promise as a clinical engagement tool, particularly for treatments serving ethnic minority families.