bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Green and Enantioselective Synthesis via Cascade Biotransformations: From Simple Racemic Substrates to High‐Value Chiral Chemicals
Authors: Yi Jieran , Goh Nicholas Jun Jie , Li Zhi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAsymmetric synthesis of chiral chemicals in high enantiomeric excess (ee) is pivotal to the pharmaceutical industry, but classic chemistry usually requires multi‐step reactions, harsh conditions, and expensive chiral ligands, and sometimes suffers from unsatisfactory enantioselectivity. Enzymatic catalysis is a much greener and more enantioselective alternative, and cascade biotransformations with multi‐step reactions can be performed in one pot to avoid costly intermediate isolation and minimise waste generation. One of the most attractive applications of enzymatic cascade transformations is to convert easily available simple racemic substrates into valuable functionalised chiral chemicals in high yields and ee. Here, we review the three general strategies to build up such cascade biotransformations, including enantioconvergent reaction, dynamic kinetic resolution, and destruction‐and‐reinstallation of chirality. Examples of cascade transformations using racemic substrates such as racemic epoxides, alcohols, hydroxy acids, etc. to produce the chiral amino alcohols, hydroxy acids, amines, and amino acids are given. The product concentration, ee, and yield, scalability, and substrate scope of these enzymatic cascades are critically reviewed. To further improve the efficiency and practical applicability of the cascades, enzyme engineering to enhance catalytic activities of the key enzymes using the latest microfluidics‐based ultrahigh‐throughput screening and artificial intelligence‐guided directed evolution could be a useful approach.
Design, Synthesis of 3‐(Aryl)‐1‐(2‐p‐tolylthiazol‐4‐yl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐ones as Alpha(α)‐Amylase Inhibitors
Authors: Iqbal Hafsa , Haroon Muhammad , Akhtar Tashfeen , Aktaş Aydin 
Published: July 2024

Abstractα‐Amylase inhibition is vital in controlling diabetic complications. Herein, we have synthesized a hybrid scaffold based on thiazole‐chalcone to access α‐amylase inhbition. The proposed structures were verified with spectroscopic techniques (UV‐Vis., FT‐IR,1H‐,13C‐NMR, and elemental analysis). The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their α‐amylase and antioxidant potential.In vitrohemolytic assay was performed to test biocompatibility of all compounds. Among tested compounds,4 c(IC50=3.8 μM),4 g(IC50=14.5 μM), and4 f(IC50=17.1 μM) were found excellent α‐amylase inhibitors. However, none of the tested compounds exhibited significant antioxidant activity. All compounds showed less lysis than Triton X‐100, but compounds4 fand4 hhad the least lysis at all tested concentrations and were found to be safe for human erythrocytes. Molecular docking study was performed to evaluate the binding interactions of ligands with human pancreatic α‐amylase (HPA). The binding score −8.09 to −8.507 kcal/mol revealed strong binding interactions in the ligand‐protein complex. The docking results supplemented the observed α‐amylase inhibition and hence augment the scaffold to serve as leads for the antidiabetic drug development.
Calcium (Ca2+) hemostasis, mitochondria, autophagy, and mitophagy contribute to Alzheimer's disease as early moderators
Authors: Hadi Fatemeh , Mortaja Mahsa , Hadi Zahra 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis review rigorously investigates the early cerebral changes associated with Alzheimer's disease, which manifest long before clinical symptoms arise. It presents evidence that the dysregulation of calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis, along with mitochondrial dysfunction and aberrant autophagic processes, may drive the disease's progression during its asymptomatic, preclinical stage. Understanding the intricate molecular interplay that unfolds during this critical period offers a window into identifying novel therapeutic targets, thereby advancing the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. The review delves into both established and emerging insights into the molecular alterations precipitated by the disruption of Ca2+ balance, setting the stage for cognitive decline and neurodegeneration.
Recent Progress of In‐Depth Analysis Techniques for Si Anodes in Sulfide‐Based All‐Solid‐State Batteries: A Concise Overview and Future Perspective
Authors: Jayasubramaniyan S. , Kim Seokjin , Ko Minseok , Sung Jaekyung 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe utilization of Si anode in sulfide‐based all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) has gained more research attention in recent years to overcome the interface challenges associated with ASSB‐containing Li metal anode. However, the volume expansion feature of the Si, stress/strain evolution inside the electrode, and the parasitic side reaction at the Si/sulfide SE interface are the most predominant limiting factors for practical device applications. It is necessary to investigate and understand the interface challenges through in‐depth analysis in real‐time battery operation to design highly efficient ASSBs for commercial device applications. Hence, this perspective paper provides a summary of the characterization tools and the analysis results related to the Si/sulfide SE interface. Moreover, in this perspective, we emphasize the importance of further investigation of the interface through more advanced in‐depth/operando analysis tools to gain insightful information about the anodic interface, which could be useful for the researchers to design efficient research strategies for solving the challenging issues associated with the anodic interface.
Metal halide perovskites for solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion in aqueous media
Authors: Wang Chunhua , Ding Yang , Wang Yannan , Xie Zhirun , Zeng Zhiyuan , Li Xin , Ng Yun Hau 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSolar‐driven energy conversion is a promising technology for a sustainable energy future and environmental remediation, and an efficient catalyst is a key factor. Recently, metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have emerged as promising photocatalysts due to their exceptional photoelectronic properties and low‐cost solution processing, enabling successful applications in H2 evolution, CO2 reduction, organic synthesis, and pollutant degradation. Despite these successes, the practical applications of MHPs are limited by their water instability. In this review, the recently developed strategies driving MHP‐catalyzed reactions in aqueous media are outlined. We first articulate the structures and properties of MHPs, followed by elaborating on the origin of instability in MHPs. Then, we highlight the advances in solar‐driven MHP‐based catalytic systems in aqueous solutions, focusing on developing external protection strategies and intrinsically water‐stable MHP materials. With each approach offering peculiar sets of advantages and challenges, we conclude by outlining potentially promising opportunities and directions for MHP‐based photocatalysis research in aqueous conditions moving forward. We anticipate that this timely review will provide some inspiration for the design of MHP‐based photocatalysts, manifestly stimulating their applications in aqueous environments for solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion.
Conflict and communication in everyday life: An exploration of intercommunity conflict in Assam, India
Authors: Das Amiya Kumar , Ray Soumen , Choudhury Ahana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEthnic conflicts have proved to be inherently dangerous and repressive across the globe. While this signification cannot be negated, a deeper articulation of liminal existences in the conflict‐prone areas requires more attention. Using case studies with a qualitative research design, the paper emphasizes on conflict as a social force, facilitating the (re)structuration of communities entangled within it. The paper explores the mundane lived experiences of the Adivasis and the Bodos, two of the ethnic communities living in Assam, a Northeastern state of India, by making a few claims. First, ethnic conflicts reorient social relations, intercommunity interactions and economic exchanges between the Adivasis and Bodos. Second, ethnic conflicts recourse varied negotiations and emotions in their being(ness), aspirational values, and embodied meanings in mundane life‐processes. The complex realization of identities for the Adivasis and the Bodos is fostered by the exposure of fear, past loss of life, and the varied interactions between victims and perpetrators in everyday social life.
Evaluating Overhead Irrigation Sprinkler Packages in Utah
Authors: Korzekwa Kaine 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn many areas where center‐pivot irrigation methods are used, the most common sprinkler package is called mid‐elevation sprinkler application, known as MESA. Two alternative sprinkler packages designed for better water use efficiency are called low‐energy precision application, or LEPA, and mobile drip irrigation, called MDI. A recent study evaluated how MDI and LEPA—at full and reduced irrigation rates—impact alfalfa and silage corn yield and quality in trials on two farms in Utah. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Soil & Water Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning‐Center/Courses.
Metabolic requirements of CD160 expressing memory‐like NK cells in Gram‐negative bacterial infection
Authors: Preechanukul Anucha , Saiprom Natnaree , Rochaikun Kitilak , Moonmueangsan Boonthanom , Phunpang Rungnapa , Ottiwet Orawan , Kongphrai Yuphin , Wapee Soonthon , Janon Rachan , Dunachie Susanna , Kronsteiner Barbara , Chantratita Narisara 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveUnique metabolic requirements accompany the development and functional fates of immune cells. How cellular metabolism is important in natural killer (NK) cells and their memory‐like differentiation in bacterial infections remains elusive.MethodsHere, we utilise our established NK cell memory assay to investigate the metabolic requirement for memory‐like NK cell formation and function in response to the Gram‐negative intracellular bacteria Burkholderia pseudomallei (BP), the causative agent of melioidosis.ResultsWe demonstrate that CD160+ memory‐like NK cells upon BP stimulation upregulate glucose and amino acid transporters in a cohort of recovered melioidosis patients which is maintained at least 3‐month post‐hospital admission. Using an in vitro assay, human BP‐specific CD160+ memory‐like NK cells show metabolic priming including increased expression of glucose and amino acid transporters with elevated glucose uptake, increased mTOR activation and mitochondrial membrane potential upon BP re‐stimulation. Antigen‐specific and cytokine‐induced IFN‐γ production of this memory‐like NK cell subset are highly dependent on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) with some dependency on glycolysis, whereas the formation of CD160+ memory‐like NK cells in vitro is dependent on fatty acid oxidation and OXPHOS and further increased by metformin.ConclusionThis study reveals the link between metabolism and cellular function of memory‐like NK cells, which can be exploited for vaccine design and for monitoring protection against Gram‐negative bacterial infection.
Multiparameter quantitative analyses of diagnostic cells in brain tissues from tuberous sclerosis complex
Authors: Arceneaux Jerome S. , Brockman Asa A. , Khurana Rohit , Chalkley Mary‐Bronwen L. , Geben Laura C. , Krbanjevic Aleksandar , Vestal Matthew , Zafar Muhammad , Weatherspoon Sarah , Mobley Bret C. , Ess Kevin C. , Ihrie Rebecca A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe advent of high‐dimensional imaging offers new opportunities to molecularly characterize diagnostic cells in disorders that have previously relied on histopathological definitions. One example case is found in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), a developmental disorder characterized by systemic growth of benign tumors. Within resected brain tissues from patients with TSC, detection of abnormally enlarged balloon cells (BCs) is pathognomonic for this disorder. Though BCs can be identified by an expert neuropathologist, little is known about the specificity and broad applicability of protein markers for these cells, complicating classification of proposed BCs identified in experimental models of this disorder. Here, we report the development of a customized machine learning pipeline (BAlloon IDENtifier; BAIDEN) that was trained to prospectively identify BCs in tissue sections using a histological stain compatible with high‐dimensional cytometry. This approach was coupled to a custom 36‐antibody panel and imaging mass cytometry (IMC) to explore the expression of multiple previously proposed BC marker proteins and develop a descriptor of BC features conserved across multiple tissue samples from patients with TSC. Here, we present a modular workflow encompassing BAIDEN, a custom antibody panel, a control sample microarray, and analysis pipelines—both open‐source and in‐house—and apply this workflow to understand the abundance, structure, and signaling activity of BCs as an example case of how high‐dimensional imaging can be applied within human tissues.
Tangent sine search optimization enabled energy prediction and SWIPT‐based power transfer for energy‐aware communication in WSN
Authors: Masilamani Anbarasi , Krishnan Santhi , Singh Brijendra , T Chellatamilan 
Published: July 2024

SummaryWith the rapid increase in energy utilization and the tremendously growing number of connected devices in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), alternate power transfer methods have not only become significant for scholastic purposes but also the growth of WSNs and the reduction of operational costs. Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) is an emerging technology that has the potential to boost the lifespan of WSNs. This work presents an innovative approach to improving the energy efficiency of WSNs. Here, a WSN is considered, and energy‐aware communication is established in six phases, such as setup, steady state, energy prediction, SWIPT‐based power transfer, communication/route discovery, and route maintenance. Further, a hybrid approach named tangent sine search optimization (TSSO) is created to identify the ideal node as cluster head (CH). Later, the age of the neighboring nodes is forecasted utilizing the deep long short‐term memory (DLSTM), whose trainable parameters are selected using the proposed TSSO algorithm. A SWIPT‐based power transfer is also performed for harvesting the energy to avoid node failures. The proposed TSSO‐DLSTM+SWIPT is investigated given various metrics, like delay, residual energy, throughput, and trust, and the values attained are 0.784 s, 0.790 J, 0.970 Mbps, and 0.997, respectively without any attacks. The proposed TSSO‐DLSTM+SWIPT obtained performance improvement of 11.08%, 10.07%, 7.99%, and 5.83% than the Iterative algorithm in terms of delay, residual energy, throughput, and trust.
Outage and throughput performance analysis of incremental relaying‐based underlay cognitive nonorthogonal multiple access networks with maximal ratio combining
Authors: P Archana , G Griffith Faustina , V.P Harigovindan , A.V Babu 
Published: July 2024

SummaryIn this paper, we investigate the effectiveness of incremental relaying (IR)‐based underlay cognitive nonorthogonal multiple access (CNOMA) system with maximal ratio combining (MRC). Considering imperfect successive interference cancelation (i‐SIC), we derive analytical expressions for the outage probabilities experienced by the secondary users (SUs) and the system outage probability of the IR‐CNOMA system. We also derive the analytical expression for the outage probability of far SUs by considering IR‐CNOMA system with MRC. The maximum transmit power constraint of the secondary nodes and the interference threshold constraint of the primary receiver are considered in the analysis. We also evaluate the system throughput of IR‐CNOMA network. We also derive outage and throughput expression for the traditional cooperative relaying‐based CNOMA system (CR‐CNOMA) for the purpose of comparison. We derive analytical expression for the asymptotic outage probability and the asymptotic system outage probabilities of the SUs of IR‐CNOMA system. Further, we derive expressions for the optimal power allocation (OPA) factor at the secondary source that minimizes the asymptotic system outage probability of the IR‐CNOMA system. Through numerical and simulation investigations, we demonstrate that the system outage probability significantly lowers when the OPA factor is selected based on the criteria outlined in this work. It can be observed from the results that the IR‐CNOMA system outperforms the conventional CR‐CNOMA system in terms of outage probabilities and throughput. The outage probability is further reduced when IR‐CNOMA system with MRC is considered for the far SUs.
Exploring chromone‐2‐carboxamide derivatives for triple‐negative breast cancer targeting EGFR, FGFR3, and VEGF pathways: Design, synthesis, and preclinical insights
Authors: El‐Gamil Dalia S. , Zaky Mohamed Y. , Maximous Patrick M. , Sharaky Marwa , El‐Dessouki Ahmed M. , Riad Noura M. , Shaaban Saad , Abdel‐Halim Mohammad , Al‐Karmalawy Ahmed A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractChromone‐based compounds have established cytotoxic, antiproliferative, antimetastatic, and antiangiogenic effects on various cancer cell types via modulating different molecular targets. Herein, 17 novel chromone‐2‐carboxamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity against 15 human cancer cell lines. Among the tested cell lines, MDA‐MB‐231, the triple‐negative breast cancer cell line, was found to be the most sensitive, where the N‐(2‐furylmethylene) (15) and the α‐methylated N‐benzyl (17) derivatives demonstrated the highest growth inhibition with GI50 values of 14.8 and 17.1 μM, respectively. In vitro mechanistic studies confirmed the significant roles of compounds 15 and 17 in the induction of apoptosis and suppression of EGFR, FGFR3, and VEGF protein levels in MDA‐MB‐231 cancer cells. Moreover, compound 15 exerted cell cycle arrest at both the G0‐G1 and G2‐M phases. The in vivo efficacy of compound 15 as an antitumor agent was further investigated in female mice bearing Solid Ehrlich Carcinoma. Notably, administration of compound 15 resulted in a marked decrease in both tumor weight and volume, accompanied by improvements in biochemical, hematological, histological, and immunohistochemical parameters that verified the repression of both angiogenesis and inflammation as additional Anticancer mechanisms. Moreover, the binding interactions of compounds 15 and 17 within the binding sites of all three target receptors (EGFR, FGFR3, and VEGF) were clearly illustrated using molecular docking.
I Bind It That Way – Bioorthogonal Unmasking of Pro‐Fluorescent Quinone Methides
Authors: Kern Dóra , Lövei Allegra , Kele Péter , Kormos Attila 
Published: July 2024

AbstractProof‐of‐concept studies for the bioorthogonally controlled generation of pro‐fluorescent quinone‐methides are presented here. The novel concept relies on a click‐to‐release tetrazine unit that chemically cages a pro‐fluorescent quinone methide precursor. On a synthetically readily accessible model compound we demonstrate that IEDDA reaction of the tetrazine with a TCO leads to the liberation of a pro‐fluorescent quinone methide, which is readily captured by nearby nucleophiles to form a fluorescent scaffold. Unlike in previous approaches to access bioorthogonally activatable fluorogenic probes, where the tetrazine unit acted as a quencher of fluorescence, the role of the tetrazine is redefined here. Such repurposed role of tetrazines is foreseen to address the limitations of tetrazine‐quenched red/NIR excitable fluorogenic probes.
Unraveling unmet needs in ketogenic dietary services: An ERN EpiCARE survey
Authors: De Giorgis Valentina , Pasca Ludovica , Aznar‐Lain Gemma , Bibic Irena , Bibic Vedrana , Darra Francesca , Dianin Alice , Dressler Anastasia , Jonsson Henna , Komulainen‐Ebrahim Jonna , Kverneland Magnhild , Molteberg Ellen , Ragona Francesca , de Saint‐Martin Anne , Varesio Costanza , Cross J. Helen ,   ERN EpiCARE Ketogenic Dietary Therapy Special Interest Group (KDT SIG)
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe implementation and potential of ketogenic dietary therapies (KDTs) have changed over time. The organization of KDT services, the availability of multidisciplinary teams, resources and support for patients and families still vary widely around the world. This diversity is reflected by a lack of consistency in reported outcomes, optimization of using KDT and KDT compliance. To highlight the unmet needs for KDT services, the ERN EpiCARE Ketogenic Dietary Therapy Special Interest Group (KDT SIG) conducted an online survey on KDT implementation and utilization, addressing the following topics: Use and completeness of guidelines and protocols; assessment of compliance and outcome parameters, sustainability and inclusivity in daily life. Consistently reported unmet needs included the lack of psychological support and resources to measure and improve adherence to KDT, the lack of inclusion strategies, and shared guidelines and protocols adapting to specific needs. Future interventions should focus primarily on educational and informative measures together with creation of shared protocols for complex care.Plain Language SummaryThis study provides the results of a survey compiled by clinicians and patients representatives belonging to ERN Epicare, designed to unravel unmet needs from both patients' and healthcare practitioners' perspectives during ketogenic dietary therapies (KDT) provision. Importantly, results show the need to create new shared protocols and guidelines meant for KDT use in complex care situations and to develop future strategies initiatives to support patients improving their social inclusivity.
Caffeic acid treatment promotes the accumulation of flavonoids in fresh‐cut pineapple by histone lysine methylation regulation
Authors: Zeng Jing , Li Ting , Liu Mengting , Peng Jiechun , Liang Hanzhi , Zhong Ruiming , Peng Yao , Wu Mengyao , Zhang Jiangtao , Duan Xuewu , Yang Xinquan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFresh‐cut pineapple is highly popular with consumers, but it is also susceptible to quality deterioration during storage or shelf life. This study aimed to explore the effects of caffeic acid on the quality of fresh‐cut pineapple, specifically in relation to epigenetic regulation. The application of caffeic acid efficiently maintained fruit quality of pineapple slices stored at 4°C. Interestingly, caffeic acid treatment resulted in the increased accumulation of flavonoids in fresh‐cut pineapple. Moreover, the expression of several flavonoids biosynthesis‐related genes (AcPAL, AcF3’H, AcCHI, AcCHS2, Ac4CL, and AcFLS) was upregulated by caffeic acid. Furthermore, caffeic acid increased the methylation levels of H3K4me3, a gene‐activated epigenetic marker, at the loci of AcF3’H, AcCHI, AcCHS2, Ac4CL, and AcFLS. Overall, these findings suggest that the treatment with caffeic acid leads to increased levels of H3K4me3 and activates the expression of flavonoids biosynthesis‐related genes, thereby promoting the accumulation of flavonoids and maintaining the quality of pineapple slices.