bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Respiratory syncytial virus protects against the subsequent development of ovalbumin‐induced allergic responses by inhibiting Th2‐type γδ T cells
Authors: Zhang Leiying , Liu Jing , Wang Enhua , Wang Bing , Zeng Sheng , Wu Jianqi , Kimura Yoshinobu , Liu Beixing 
Published: November 2012

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection has been hypothesized to be a risk factor for the development of allergy and asthma, but epidemiologic studies in humans still remain inconclusive. The association between RSV infection and allergic diseases may be dependent on an atopic background and previous history of RSV infection. It has been reported that RSV infection before sensitization to an allergen decreased the production of Th2‐like cytokines in the lung and the levels of allergen‐specific Th2‐type antibodies in the serum. However, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. In the present study, the role of pulmonary γδ T cells in RSV‐affected, allergen‐induced airway inflammation was investigated. BALB/c mice were sensitized to or challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) and infected with RSV either before or after the sensitization period. It became clear that sensitization and challenge of mice with OVA induced a large influx of γδ T cells to the lungs. However, prior RSV infection inhibited the infiltration of γδ T cells as well as activated γδ T cells, characterized by expression of CD40L or CD69 molecular in the cell surface. Moreover, prior RSV infection elevated the type 1 cytokine gene expression but suppressed type 2 cytokine expression in the lung γδ T cells. Adoptive transfer of γδ T cells from OVA‐sensitized and challenged mice increased airway inflammation, suggesting that γδ T cells may play a proinflammatory role in allergic responses. These results described here support the idea of an unknown γδ T cell‐dependent mechanism in the regulation of RSV‐affected, allergen‐induced allergic airway responses. J. Med. Virol. 85:149–156, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Molecular characterization of serotype G9 rotaviruses circulating in South Korea between 2005 and 2010
Authors: Than Van Thai , Kang Hyeonji , Lim Inseok , Kim Wonyong 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA total of 18 rotavirus G9 strains in South Korea were collected during five rotavirus seasons between 2005 and 2010. The relationship between these strains was examined by analyzing the genetic variation of two major structural genes, VP7 and VP4. All the rotavirus isolates were of the G9P[8] genotype. The VP7 phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that all of the G9 rotaviruses circulating in South Korea belonged to lineage IIId and were within three single clusters. The amino acid comparison of the antigenic regions of the VP7 gene suggests possible common progenitors of these strains. Phylogenetic analysis of P[8] VP4 genotypes indicated three lineages, P[8]‐2, P[8]‐3, and P[8]‐4, with P[8]‐3 being the most common. The results of this study provide information on the genetic relatedness of rotavirus G9 strains circulating in South Korea over recent years and can be utilized for the development of effective vaccines and the identification of reference strains for future efficacy studies. J. Med. Virol. 85:171–178, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Genotyping of human papillomavirus in paraffin embedded cervical tissue samples from women in ethiopia and the Sudan
Authors: Abate Ebba , Aseffa Abraham , El‐Tayeb Muntasir , El‐Hassan Ibrahim , Yamuah Lawrence , Mihret Wude , Bekele Liku , Ashenafi Senait , El‐Dawi Nadia , Belayneh Meseret , El‐Hassan Ahmed , Engers Howard 
Published: November 2012

AbstractCervical cancer is the most frequent female malignancy in most developing countries. Previous studies have demonstrated a strong association of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection with dysplasia and carcinoma of the uterine cervix. The objective of this study was to identify the prevailing HPV genotypes responsible for the development of cervical cancer among women in Ethiopia and the Sudan. A molecular characterization of HPV was done on 245 paraffin embedded cervical biopsy samples collected from the two countries. Amplification of HPV and subsequent genotyping was done using SPF10 primers and Line probe assay. Of samples collected from Ethiopian patients, 93% (149/160) and 13% (21/160) had high risk and low risk HPV genotypes, respectively. Among samples collected from the Sudan, 94% (80/85) harbored high risk and 11.7% (10/85) low risk HPV genotypes. Human papillomavirus 16 was the most frequent genotype identified in samples from Ethiopia (91%, 136/149) and the Sudan (82.5%, 66/80). HPV 52, 58, and 18 were the second, third and fourth common genotypes identified in Ethiopia, whereas HPV 18, 45, and 52 were the second, third, and fourth genotypes identified in samples collected from the Sudan. Thus, individuals living in different geographical localities should receive vaccines based on the specific genotypes circulating in the area and a vaccine targeting HPV 16, 18, 45, 52, and 58 may be optimal for the control of cervical cancer in the two countries. J. Med. Virol. 85:282–287, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical impact of A/H1/N1/09 influenza in patients with cirrhosis: Experience from a nosocomial cluster of infection
Authors: Marzano Alfredo , Marengo Andrea , Ruggiero Tina , Allice Tiziano , Sanna Claudia , Alessandria Carlo , Morgando Anna , Sciandrello Maria Clotilde , Franzin Anna Maria , Rizzetto Mario , Ghisetti Valeria 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA/H1N1/09 influenza is associated with a high risk of complications in patients with chronic diseases, but data on morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis are limited. A cluster of A/H1N1/09 infection in 48 patients admitted to a Gastro‐Hepatology Unit is reported. Nosocomial spread, clinical outcome, and viral characteristics of A/H1N1/09 strains from a study group of 48 inpatients (21 and 27 with and without cirrhosis, respectively) were compared with those from a control group of 44 outpatients with mild influenza‐like illness and without cirrhosis. A/H1N1/09 infection was confirmed in 8/48 (17%) inpatients. A/H1N1/09 infection rate did not differ in patients with and without cirrhosis (4/21, 19%; 4/27, 15%), but three patients with cirrhosis died of pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome, with fungal or bacterial superinfection in two cases, despite antiviral treatment. None of patients without cirrhosis died. Viral sequences showed the presence of hemagglutinin mutation D222G in two out of three fatal cases and S183P in seven out of eight infected patients. These mutants were not detected in the outpatients group. Even if A/H1N1/09 infection rate in hospitalized patients with and without cirrhosis was not significantly different, cirrhosis and D222G/S183P substitutions were significantly associated with severe disease and poor outcome, also suggesting fungal or bacterial superinfection and portal hypertension as risk factors for A/H1N1/09 disease severity in patients with cirrhosis. Vaccination, preventive and early treatment and a strict control of nosocomial spread should be activated carefully in patients with cirrhosis during epidemics influenza. J. Med. Virol. 85:1–7, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Add‐on therapy of pitavastatin and eicosapentaenoic acid improves outcome of peginterferon plus ribavirin treatment for chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Kohjima Motoyuki , Enjoji Munechika , Yoshimoto Tsuyoshi , Yada Ryoko , Fujino Tatsuya , Aoyagi Yoko , Fukushima Nobuyoshi , Fukuizumi Kunitaka , Harada Naohiko , Yada Masayoshi , Kato Masaki , Kotoh Kazuhiro , Nakashima Manabu , Sakamoto Naoya , Tanaka Yasuhito , Nakamuta Makoto 
Published: November 2012

AbstractDespite the use of pegylated‐interferon (peg‐IFN) plus ribavirin combination therapy, many patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐1b remain HCV‐positive. To determine whether addition of pitavastatin and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is beneficial, the “add‐on” therapy option (add‐on group) was compared retrospectively with unmodified peg‐IFN/ribavirin therapy (standard group). Association of host‐ or virus‐related factors with sustained virological response was assessed. In HCV replicon cells, the effects of pitavastatin and/or EPA on HCV replication and expression of innate‐immunity‐ and lipid‐metabolism‐associated genes were investigated. In patients infected with HCV‐1b, sustained virological response rates were significantly higher in the add‐on than standard group. In both groups, sustained virological response rates were significantly higher in patients with genotype TT of IL‐28B (rs8099917) than in those with non‐TT genotype. Among the patients with non‐TT genotype, sustained virological response rates were markedly higher in the add‐on than standard group. By multivariate analysis, genome variation of IL28B but not add‐on therapy remained as a predictive factor of sustained virological response. In replicon cells, pitavastatin and EPA suppressed HCV replication. Activation of innate immunity was obvious in pitavastatin‐treated cells and EPA suppressed the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein‐1c and low‐density lipoprotein receptor. Addition of pitavastatin and EPA to peg‐IFN/ribavirin treatment improved sustained virological response in patients infected with HCV‐1b. Genotype variation of IL‐28B is a strong predictive factor in add‐on therapy. J. Med. Virol. 85:250–260, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Has the beneficial effect of fish oil on cardiovascular disease disappeared?
Authors: Stanley John 
Published: November 2012

AbstractMeta‐analyses of prospective cohort studies or meta‐analyses of randomised controlled trials completed before the year 2002 suggest that the very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC n‐3 PUFA) characteristic of fish oil significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, randomised controlled trials and meta‐analyses of these trials published in the last decade suggest that VLC n‐3 PUFA have no effect on the risk of cardiovascular disease. While some of the more recently completed trials can be criticised as they were either uncontrolled or did not have sufficient statistical power a more important factor may be at work. By contrast with the earlier trials, the cardiovascular disease patients recruited for trials carried out in the last decade tend to be treated with statins. Demonstrating additional benefit of VLC n‐3 PUFA on cardiovascular disease over and above that conferred by statins is clearly proving problematic.
Glycidyl 4‐Functionalized‐1,2,3‐Triazole Polymers
Authors: Liu Dian , Zheng Yijun , Steffen Werner , Wagner Manfred , Butt Hans‐Jürgen , Ikeda Taichi 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA series of novel polymers, glycidyl 4‐functionalized 1,2,3‐triazole polymers (functionalized GTP) were synthesized by click functionalization of glycidyl azide polymer (GAP). Quantitative functionalization of the glycidyl polymer side groups was achieved due to the high reactivity of the azide–alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition under mild conditions. The polymers were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, GPC, DLS, DSC, and TGA. We confirmed that the solubility, glass transition temperature, and decomposition temperature were controllable by changing the functional group attached at 4‐position of 1,2,3‐triazole group. Functionalized GTP expands not only the application field of GAP toward non‐explosive materials, but also the variety of poly(ethylene glycol) derivatives with different side groups.
In vivo measurement of transverse relaxation time in the mouse brain at 17.6 T
Authors: Kara Firat , Chen Fu , Ronen Itamar , de Groot Huub J. M. , Matysik Jörg , Alia A 
Published: November 2012

Purpose: To establish regional T1 and T2 values of the healthy mouse brain at ultra‐high magnetic field strength of 17.6 T and to follow regional brain T1 and T2 changes with age.Methods: In vivo T1 and T2 values in the C57BL/6J mouse brain were followed with age using multislice‐multiecho sequence and multiple spin echo saturation recovery with variable repetition time sequence, respectively, at 9.4 and 17.6 T. Gadolinium‐tetra‐azacyclo‐dodecane‐tetra‐acetic acid phantoms were used to validate in vivo T2 measurements. Student's t‐test was used to compare mean relaxation values.Results: A field‐dependent decrease in T2 is shown and validated with phantom measurements. T2 values at 17.6 T typically increased with age in multiple brain regions except in the hypothalamus and the caudate‐putamen, where a slight decrease was observed. Furthermore, T1 values in various brain regions of young and old mice are presented at 17.6 T. A large gain in signal‐to‐noise ratio was observed at 17.6 T.Conclusions: This study establishes for the first time the normative T1 and T2 values at 17.6 T over different mouse brain regions with age. The estimates of in vivo T1 and T2 will be useful to optimize pulse sequences for optimal image contrast at 17.6 T and will serve as baseline values against which disease‐related relaxation changes can be assessed in mice. Magn Reson Med, 70:985–993, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Emulsifier‐free, organotellurium‐mediated living radical emulsion polymerization (emulsion TERP): Effect of monomer hydrophilicity
Authors: Kitayama Yukiya , Kishida Kazuya , Okubo Masayoshi 
Published: November 2012

AbstractEmulsifier‐free, organotellurium‐mediated living radical emulsion polymerizations (emulsion TERPs) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and n‐butyl methacrylate (BMA) with dimethyl ditelluride were carried out at two different stirring rates (220 rpm and 1000 rpm). In the emulsion TERP of MMA as a hydrophilic monomer, the molecular weight distribution (MWD) controls with both stirring rates were good with high polymerization rate (100% conversion at 1.5 h). On the other hand, in the emulsion TERP of BMA as a hydrophobic monomer, at 220 rpm the polymerization rate was much slow (∼50% conversion at 22 h) and the MWD control was bad, but at 1000 rpm the polymerization was completed within 7 h and MWD control was good. These results suggest that monomer transportation from droplets to polymerizing particles via aqueous medium is important for good MWD control and steady polymerization in the emulsion TERP. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013
Microglia Response and In Vivo Therapeutic Potential of Methylprednisolone‐Loaded Dendrimer Nanoparticles in Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Cerqueira Susana R. , Oliveira Joaquim M. , Silva Nuno A. , Leite‐Almeida Hugo , Ribeiro‐Samy Silvina , Almeida Armando , Mano João F. , Sousa Nuno , Salgado António J. , Reis Rui L. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe control and manipulation of cells that trigger secondary mechanisms following spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the first opportunities to minimize its highly detrimental outcomes. Herein, the ability of surface‐engineered carboxymethylchitosan/polyamidoamine (CMCht/PAMAM) dendrimer nanoparticles to intracellularly deliver methylprednisolone (MP) to glial cells, allowing a controlled and sustained release of this corticosteroid in the injury site, is investigated. The negatively charged MP‐loaded CMCht/PAMAM dendrimer nanoparticles with sizes of 109 nm enable a MP sustained release, which is detected for a period of 14 days by HPLC. In vitro studies in glial primary cultures show that incubation with 200 μg mL−1 nanoparticles do not affect the cells' viability or proliferation, while allowing the entire population to internalize the nanoparticles. At higher concentrations, microglial cell viability is proven to be affected in response to the MP amount released. Following lateral hemisection lesions in rats, nanoparticle uptake by the spinal tissue is observed 3 h after administration. Moreover, significant differences in the locomotor output between the controls and the MP‐loaded nanoparticle‐treated animals one month after the lesion are observed. Therefore, MP‐loaded CMCht/PAMAM dendrimer nanoparticles may prove to be useful in the reduction of the secondary injury following SCI.
Modulation of Lumen Formation by Microgeometrical Bioactive Cues and Migration Mode of Actin Machinery
Authors: Lei Yifeng , Zouani Omar F. , Rami Lila , Chanseau Christel , Durrieu Marie‐Christine 
Published: November 2012

AbstractHow endothelial cells (ECs) express the particular filopodial or lamellipodial form of the actin machinery is critical to understanding EC functions such as angiogenesis and sprouting. It is not known how these mechanisms coordinately promote lumen formation of ECs. Here, adhesion molecules (RGD peptides) and inductor molecules (BMP‐2 mimetic peptides) are micropatterned onto polymer surfaces by a photolithographic technique to induce filopodial and lamellipodial migration modes. Firstly, the effects of peptide microgeometrical distribution on EC adhesion, orientation and morphogenesis are evaluated. Large micropatterns (100 μm) promote EC orientation without lumen formation, whereas small micropatterns (10–50 μm) elicit a collective cell organization and induce EC lumen formation, in the case of RGD peptides. Secondly, the correlation between EC actin machinery expression and EC self‐assembly into lumen formation is addressed. Only the filopodial migration mode (mimicked by RGD) but not lamellipodial migration mode (mimicked by BMP‐2) promotes EC lumen formation. This work gives a new concept for the design of biomaterials for tissue engineering and may provide new insight for angiogenesis inhibition on tumors.
Lead Selenide Nanostructured Aerogels and Xerogels
Authors: Kalebaila Kennedy K. , Brock Stephanie L. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractAbstract. The synthesis of PbSe nanostructured gels via a sol‐gel nanoparticle assembly method, followed by CO2‐supercritical drying to make aerogels, is reported. Effective thiolate‐capping of PbSe nanoparticles and the eventual controlled removal of the thiolates led to formation of a gel as opposed to a colloidal precipitate. Spherical PbSe nanoparticles were prepared by a precapping method, while cube‐shaped nanoparticles were made by a post‐capping procedure. Morphologically, spherical nanoparticles assembled into a colloidal (pearl‐necklace) gel network, whereas cube‐shaped nanoparticles formed a hierarchical gel network. Band‐gap measurements show that both spherical and cube‐shaped PbSe gels are blue shifted with respect to bulk PbSe, consistent with quantum confinement. Aerogels exhibit higher surface areas than xerogels indicating the higher degree of porosity and lower density of the former, and this is reflected in a greater extent of quantum confinement in aerogels relative to xerogels.
Valgus extension femoral osteotomy to treat “hinge abduction” in Perthes’ disease
Authors: Farsetti Pasquale , Benedetti-Valentini Matteo , Potenza Vito , Ippolito Ernesto 
Published: November 2012

Purpose “Hinge abduction” is a complication of Perthes’ disease caused by impingement of the extruded superolateral portion of the femoral head against the lateral lip of the acetabulum. Catterall first described femoral valgus extension osteotomy (VGEO) to treat this condition. We report the results of this operation in 16 cases of Perthes’ disease with “hinge abduction”. Methods Sixteen hips in 16 patients affected by Perthes’ disease and “hinge abduction” were operated on at a mean age of 10.1 years and followed up an average of 6.5 years later. Before surgery, the mean Iowa hip score was 44.4 points. Preoperative radiographs were taken with the affected hip in maximum adduction in order to calculate the amount of valgus correction. The osteotomy was performed between the greater and the lesser trochanter, and it was fixed with a hip plate. Results All the osteotomies healed uneventfully. At follow-up, no patient complained of pain and hip abduction ranged from 20° to 45°. Four out of the 16 patients had a moderate limp, and 12 had an improvement in gait pattern compared to preoperatively. At follow-up, the Iowa hip score totaled a mean of 83.6 points, with a statistically significant improvement in comparison to the preoperative evaluation. At follow-up, two hips were classified as Stulberg II–III, ten hips as Stulberg III, and four as Stulberg IV. Conclusions In our hands, VGEO was an effective procedure to treat “hinge abduction” in severe Perthes’ disease with satisfactory results. The main limitation of our study is its short follow-up.
Behavior, design, and modeling of structural walls and coupling beams — Lessons from recent laboratory tests and earthquakes
Authors: Wallace John W. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Observed wall damage in recent earthquakes in Chile and New Zealand, where modern building codes exist, exceeded expectations. In these earthquakes, structural wall damage included boundary crushing, reinforcement fracture, and global wall buckling. Recent laboratory tests also have demonstrated inadequate performance in some cases, indicating a need to review code provisions, identify shortcomings and make necessary revisions. Current modeling approaches used for slender structural walls adequately capture nonlinear flexural behavior; however, strength loss due to buckling of reinforcement and nonlinear and shear-flexure interaction are not adequately captured. Additional research is needed to address these issues. Recent tests of reinforced concrete coupling beams indicate that diagonally-reinforced beams detailed according to ACI 318-111 can sustain plastic rotations of about 6% prior to significant strength loss and that relatively simple modeling approaches in commercially available computer programs are capable of capturing the observed responses. Tests of conventionally-reinforced beams indicate less energy dissipation capacity and strength loss at approximately 4% rotation.
Development and applications of the intrinsic model for formwork pressure of self-consolidating concrete
Authors: Kwon Seung Hee , Kim Jae Hong , Shah Surendra P. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Self-consolidating concrete (SCC) is a recently developed innovative construction material. SCC fills in a formwork without any vibrating consolidation, which allows us to eventually achieve robust casting. However, high formwork lateral pressure exerted by SCC is a critical issue regarding its application as cast-in-place concrete. In order to control the risk caused by high formwork pressure, a comprehensive prediction model for the pressure was previously proposed, investigated, and validated with various SCC mixtures. The model was originally designed to simulate the intrinsic pressure response of SCC mixtures while excluding other extrinsic influencing factors such as friction and flexibility of the formwork. The model was then extended to consider extrinsic factors such as friction between SCC mixtures and formwork. In addition, other interesting topics for peak formwork pressure and mineral admixture effects were summarized in the paper.
Ethnic and racial socialization and self‐esteem of Asian adoptees: The mediating role of multiple identities
Authors: Mohanty Jayashree 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTPositive identity development during adolescence in general is a complex process and may pose additional challenges for adolescents adopted from a different culture. Using a web‐based survey design with a sample of 100 internationally adopted Asian adolescent and young adults, the present study examined the mediating role of multiple identities (i.e., ethnic, adoptive and interpersonal ego identities) in explaining the relationship between ethnic and racial socializations, ethnic neighborhood, and self‐esteem. The results showed that (a) adoptive identity mediated the influence of racial socialization on psychological well‐being, and (b) ethnic affirmation mediated the influence of ethnic socialization on adoptees' well‐being. This study illustrates the importance of providing supportive counseling services for adoptees who are exploring their adoptive identity.