bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of primitive erythroid cell proliferation and enucleation using a cyan fluorescent reporter in transgenic mice
Authors: Vacaru Andrei M. , Isern Joan , Fraser Stuart T. , Baron Margaret H. 
Published: August 2013

SummaryPrimitive erythropoiesis is a vital process for mammalian embryonic development. Here we report the generation and characterization of a new transgenic mouse line that expresses a histone H2B‐CFP fusion protein in the nuclei of primitive erythroid cells. We demonstrate the potential of this ε‐globin‐histone H2B‐CFP line for multicolor imaging and flow cytometry analysis. The ε‐globin‐H2B‐CFP line was used to analyze the cell cycle distribution and proliferation of CFP‐expressing primitive erythroblasts from E8.5‐E13.5. We also evaluated phagocytosis of extruded CFP‐positive nuclei by macrophages in fetal liver and placenta. The ε‐globin‐H2B‐CFP transgenic mouse line adds to the available tools for studying the development of the primitive erythroid lineage. genesis 51:751–762. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tetrafluorobromates for Urban Mining of Noble Metals: A Case Study on Iridium Metal
Authors: Ivlev Sergey , Woidy Patrick , Kraus Florian , Gerin Ivan , Ostvald Roman 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIridium is used as a hardening agent in several alloys and as a new‐generation catalyst. Therefore, its recycling is a high‐priority challenge. The reactions of various tetrafluorobromates MBrF4 (M = K, Rb, Cs) and M′(BrF4)2 (M′ = Ba) with Ir metal were investigated in order to transform the latter to an easily soluble form to facilitate the further recovery of the noble metal. The compositions of the obtained products were determined, corresponding reaction schemes are suggested, and proper conditions for the reactions were established.
Reactions of a [1],[1]Disilamolybdenocenophane with Unsaturated Compounds
Authors: Arnold Thomas , Braunschweig Holger , Hupp Florian , Radacki Krzysztof , Sen Sakya S. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe reactivity of a [1],[1]disilamolybdenocenophane (1) towards several unsaturated substrates has been studied. Treatment of 1 with N‐heterocyclic carbene afforded an ansa‐metallocene carbene complex. The cleavage of the P=S bond of a phosphane sulfide was observed, resulting in the incorporation of sulfur into the disila‐bridging unit and coordination of the phosphane moiety to Mo. Reactions of 1 with carbodiimide and phosphaalkyne led to side‐on coordinated products. All products were fully characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies.
Numerical simulation of incompressible two‐phase flows with a Boussinesq–Scriven interface stress tensor
Authors: Reusken Arnold , Zhang Yuanjun 
Published: August 2013

SUMMARYWe consider the numerical simulation of a three‐dimensional two‐phase incompressible flow with a viscous interface. The simulation is based on a sharp interface Navier–Stokes model and the Boussinesq–Scriven constitutive law for the interface viscous stress tensor. In the recent paper [Soft Matter 7, 7797–7804, 2011], a model problem with a spherical droplet in a Stokes Poiseuille flow with a Boussinesq–Scriven law for the surface viscosity has been analyzed. In that paper, relations for the droplet migration velocity are derived. We relate the results obtained with our numerical solver for the two‐phase Navier–Stokes model to these theoretical relations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Canagliflozin: SGLT2 inhibitor for treating type 2 diabetes
Authors: Donnelly Richard 
Published: August 2013

AbstractCanagliflozin is a sodium‐glucose transporter protein inhibitor under development for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus; it reduces circulatory glucose by facilitating its urinary excretion. In this Drug profile, Richard Donnelly discusses the need for drugs with a mode of action independent of insulin and considers the efficacy and tolerability of canagliflozin in clinical trials, to date, as well as its potential place in management. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Role and cost effectiveness of bariatric surgery in T2DM
Authors: Pinkney Jon 
Published: August 2013

AbstractInterest in bariatric surgery has gathered pace with wider awareness of its benefits for weight loss and for important weightrelated diseases, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). BS enables many patients with T2DM to achieve normal blood glucose levels and discontinue medication. This has generated lively debate about the role and cost‐effectiveness of BS in treating T2DM and whether BS should be offered more widely. Paradoxically, however, these discussions seldom examine the health service perspective. This article summarises recent evidence and asks whether BS could replace conventional treatment for some people with T2DM. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A deep outer‐rise reverse‐fault earthquake immediately triggered a shallow normal‐fault earthquake: The 7 December 2012 off‐Sanriku earthquake (MW 7.3)
Authors: Harada Tomoya , Murotani Satoko , Satake Kenji 
Published: August 2013

AbstractTeleseismic body wave analysis revealed that the 7 December 2012 off‐Sanriku earthquake (MW 7.3) at the outer rise of Japan Trench consisted of two successive subevents. The first subevent with reverse‐fault mechanism (Event 1, MW 7.1) at 56 km depth was followed by, approximately 20 s later, the second subevent with normal‐fault mechanism (Event 2, MW 7.2) at 6 km depth. Finite‐fault slip models show that the slip of Event 1 was concentrated around the initial rupture point with the maximum of 2.7 m and that Event 2 had two asperities with the maximum of 4.5 m at both sides of the initial rupture point. The static Coulomb Failure Function analyses suggested that Event 1 triggered Event 2 and that both subevents were promoted by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake (MW 9.1).
Are you listening? Brain activation associated with sustained nonspatial auditory attention in the presence and absence of stimulation
Authors: Seydell‐Greenwald Anna , Greenberg Adam S. , Rauschecker Josef P. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractNeuroimaging studies investigating the voluntary (top‐down) control of attention largely agree that this process recruits several frontal and parietal brain regions. Since most studies used attention tasks requiring several higher‐order cognitive functions (e.g. working memory, semantic processing, temporal integration, spatial orienting) as well as different attentional mechanisms (attention shifting, distractor filtering), it is unclear what exactly the observed frontoparietal activations reflect. The present functional magnetic resonance imaging study investigated, within the same participants, signal changes in (1) a “Simple Attention” task in which participants attended to a single melody, (2) a “Selective Attention” task in which they simultaneously ignored another melody, and (3) a “Beep Monitoring” task in which participants listened in silence for a faint beep. Compared to resting conditions with identical stimulation, all tasks produced robust activation increases in auditory cortex, cross‐modal inhibition in visual and somatosensory cortex, and decreases in the default mode network, indicating that participants were indeed focusing their attention on the auditory domain. However, signal increases in frontal and parietal brain areas were only observed for tasks 1 and 2, but completely absent for task 3. These results lead to the following conclusions: under most conditions, frontoparietal activations are crucial for attention since they subserve higher‐order cognitive functions inherently related to attention. However, under circumstances that minimize other demands, nonspatial auditory attention in the absence of stimulation can be maintained without concurrent frontal or parietal activations. Hum Brain Mapp 35:2233–2252, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
DNA fragmentation induced by all‐trans retinoic acid and its steroidal analogue EA‐4 in C2C12 mouse and HL‐60 human leukemic cells in vitro
Authors: Alakhras Raghda S. , Stephanou Georgia , Demopoulos Nikos A. , Grintzalis Konstantinos , Georgiou Christos D. , Nikolaropoulos Sotirios S. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTWe have recently shown that retinoic acid induces micronucleation mainly via chromosome breakage (Alakhras et al. Cancer Lett 2011; 306: 15–26). To further study retinoic acid clastogenicity and evaluate DNA damaging potential we investigated the ability of (a) all‐trans retinoic acid and its steroidal analogue EA‐4 to induce DNA fragmentation by using Comet assay under alkaline unwinding and neutral condition electrophoresis, and (b) the retinoids under study to induce small (0–1 kb) DNA fragments. Two cell lines, C2C12 mouse cells and HL‐60 human leukemic cells were used in this study. We found that all‐trans retinoic acid and its steroidal analogue EA‐4 (a) provoke DNA migration due to DNA fragmentation as it is shown by the increased values of Comet parameters, and (b) induce significantly small‐size fragmented genomic DNA as indicated by the quantification of necrotic/apoptotic small DNA segments in both cell systems. A different response between the two cell lines was observed in relation to retinoid ability to increase the percentage of DNA in the tail as well as break DNA in to small fragments. Our findings confirm the ability of retinoic acid to provoke micronucleation by disrupting DNA into fragments, among which small pieces of double‐stranded DNA up to 1 kb are identified. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Acceleration of robust “biotube” vascular graft fabrication by in‐body tissue architecture technology using a novel eosin Y‐releasing mold
Authors: Nakayama Yasuhide , Tsujinaka Takahiro 
Published: August 2013

AbstractA novel eosin Y‐releasing mold was designed to accelerate the fabrication ofin vivotissue engineered autologous vascular prosthetic tissues, called the “biotubes.” The mold was prepared by addition of an aqueous solution of eosin Y (1∼6 w/v%) to the agar gel (0.3%), which was attached to the luminal surface of the microporous acrylate tube (diameter, 5 mm; length, 28 mm; pore size, 0.5 mmϕ). The eosin Y release period was controlled by the number of pores (3∼160). On embedding the molds into dorsal, subcutaneous pouches of rats for 1 week, completely encapsulated biotubes, mainly consisting of collagen, with thick walls (418.2 ± 173.4 μm) and robust mechanical properties (elastic modulus, 956.2 ± 196.5 kPa; burst pressure 5850 ± 2383 mmHg) were formed. These values were, respectively, more than 4.3, 3.8, and 5.6 times greater than the corresponding controls (acrylate rods). The high elastic modulus of the biotubes was obtained even with a small number of micropores (3), and a low concentration of eosin Y (1%) within a very short embedding period (5 days), irrespective of rat weights. This innovative method for rapid production of vascular grafts with thick walls and robust mechanical properties may be adaptable for the sub‐emergency clinical use of biotubes in regenerative medicine. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 102B: 231–238, 2014.
A Novel FGFR2 Mutation in Tyrosine Kinase II Domain, L617F, in Crouzon Syndrome
Authors: Suh Ye‐Jin , Bae Han‐Sol , Choi Jin‐Young , Lee Jong‐Ho , Kim Myung‐Jin , Kim Sukwha , Ryoo Hyun‐Mo , Baek Seung‐Hak 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTThe purposes of this study were to find a novel mutation of FGFR2 in Korean Crouzon syndrome patients and to identify the functional consequences of this mutation. The samples consisted of 16 Crouzon patients. Peripheral venous blood was collected from the patients. FGFR2 mutation screening was performed by direct PCR sequencing of all exons and part of the introns. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was performed to confirm the novel mutation. For functional studies, we performed luciferase assay for Runx2 transcriptional activity, real‐time PCR for the bone markers (osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase), and Western blot for phosphorylated FGFR2 and ERK1/2‐MAPK protein. Among 16 patients, 10 showed FGFR2 mutations that had already been reported elsewhere. A novel FGFR2 mutation associated with tyrosine kinase II (TK‐II) domain, L617F, was found in one Crouzon syndrome patient by direct PCR sequencing. Presence of this mutation was confirmed using RFLP analysis. Runx2 transcriptional activity and expression of osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase significantly increased in L617F‐transfected cells compared to wild‐type cells. FGFR2 autophosphorylation in L617F‐transfected cells increased in 1% serum, but ERK1/2‐MAPK protein was not activated. The FGFR2‐L617F mutation associated with the TK domain is potentially related to premature suture closure in Crouzon syndrome patient. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 102–110, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
New Infinite Families of 2‐Edge‐Balanced Graphs
Authors: Caliskan Cafer , Chee Yeow Meng 
Published: August 2013

AbstractA graph G of order n is called t‐edge‐balanced if G satisfies the property that there exists a positive λ for which every graph of order n and size t is contained in exactly λ distinct subgraphs of isomorphic to G. We call λ the index of G. In this article, we obtain new infinite families of 2‐edge‐balanced graphs.
Integration of biostatistics and pharmacometrics computing platforms for efficient and reproducible PK/PD analysis: A case study
Authors: Ou Ying C. , Lo Arthur , Lee Brian , Liu Phillip , Kimura Karen , Eary Charisse , Hopkins Alan 
Published: August 2013

AbstractResults of pharmacometric analyses influence high‐level decisions such as clinical trial design, drug approval, and labeling. Key challenges for timely delivery of pharmacometric analyses are the data assembly process and tracking and documenting the modeling process and results. Since clinical efficacy and safety data typically reside in the biostatistics computing area, an integrated computing platform for pharmacometric and biostatistical analyses would be ideal. A case study is presented integrating a pharmacometric modeling platform into an existing statistical computing environment (SCE). The feasibility and specific configurations of running common PK/PD programs such as NONMEM and R inside of the SCE are provided. The case study provides an example of an integrated repository that facilitates efficient data assembly for pharmacometrics analyses. The proposed platform encourages a good pharmacometrics working practice to maintain transparency, traceability, and reproducibility of PK/PD models and associated data in supporting drug development and regulatory decisions.
Enhanced nitrobenzene biotransformation by graphene‐anaerobic sludge composite
Authors: Wang Jing , Wang Di , Liu Guangfei , Jin Ruofei , Lu Hong 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDTraditional anaerobic bioprocesses have failed to achieve the efficient biotransformation of nitrobenzene. Thus, graphene‐anaerobic sludge composite as a novel biocatalyst was proposed for the enhancement of nitrobenzene biotransformation.RESULTSReduced graphene oxide/anaerobic sludge (RGO/AS) composite presented good settling performance when graphene oxide (GO) was added into an AS system for 24 h cultivation. The presence of RGO resulted in enhanced nitrobenzene biotransformation by AS, and the highest removal efficiency of nitrobenzene was observed with initial GO (3–5 µm) vs sludge ratio of 0.075 (w/w). Dehydrogenase activity in the RGO/AS system increased approximately 2‐fold over that in the AS system and redox active species appeared in supernatant from the RGO/AS system. The ratio of acetate to propionate increased in the RGO/AS system during glucose fermentation, and nitrobenzene biotransformation by both AS and RGO/AS systems was independent of methanogenesis, but dependent on acetogenesis. Moreover, bound and free extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from RGO/AS composite were involved in direct biotransformation of nitrobenzene, and bound EPS might interact with secreted redox active species to accelerate nitrobenzene biotransformation by extracellular electron transfer.CONCLUSIONRGO/AS composite was efficient for the treatment of nitrobenzene wastewater. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
The usefulness of gestational sac and placental sonographic morphology in differentiating between second‐trimester tubal and abdominal pregnancy: Case report and a review of literature
Authors: Liu Joseph , Khan Ambereen , Johnson Samuel , Grigorian Cheryl , Li Tao 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTSecond‐trimester tubal pregnancy is rarely encountered and published cases are limited. There are no established sonographic criteria to differentiate it from abdominal pregnancy; however, differences in their medical management make this distinction important. We report a case of a 14‐week 5‐day tubal pregnancy that presented near rupture. Sonography demonstrated many overlapping features with abdominal pregnancy. In addition, the extrauterine gestational sac was rounded and well defined and the placenta was crescent‐shaped. We propose that these sonographic features represent a second‐trimester tubal pregnancy rather than an abdominal pregnancy. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 42:162–168, 2014
Investment choices in post‐embryonic development: Quantifying interactions among growth, regeneration, and asexual reproduction in the annelid Pristina leidyi
Authors: Zattara Eduardo E. , Bely Alexandra E. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTAnimals capable of multiple forms of post‐embryonic development, such as growth, regeneration, and asexual reproduction, must make choices about which processes to invest in. What strategies guide post‐embryonic resource allocation investments? We investigated this question in the annelid Pristina leidyi, which can grow continuously, regenerates well, and reproduces asexually by fission. We found that in this species growth is concentrated in three zones: a subterminal posterior zone (forming new segments), a mid‐body zone (forming fission zones), and a previously undescribed subterminal anterior zone at the base of the prostomium (which we suggest continually builds the prostomium through a “conveyor‐belt” like process). Body‐wide counts of proliferating cells are greater under high food than low food conditions but proliferation patterns themselves are independent of feeding level. Proliferation patterns are strongly affected by amputation, however, with proliferation rapidly shutting‐down throughout the body, except at the wound site, following injury. Relative investment to fission and regeneration is highly context‐dependent, being sensitive to the position of the cut and the stage of fission. Outcomes range from fission acceleration and regeneration stalling (high fission:regeneration investment) to resorption of fission zones and progression of regeneration (low fission:regeneration investment). Our findings reveal strong interactions between growth, regeneration, and fission and demonstrate a particularly important effect of injury on resource allocation patterns. Patterns of resource investment in P. leidyi show similarities to those described in two other groups that evolved fission independently (naidine annelids and catenulid flatworms), suggesting that similar developmental and physiological contexts may drive convergent evolution of resource allocation strategies. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 320B: 471–488, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Variations of electric field and electric resistivity of air caused by dust motion
Authors: Seran E. , Godefroy M. , Renno N. , Elliott H. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWe report results of a field campaign conducted in the Nevada desert with a suite of electric field instruments consisting of a field mill (FM) and a short dipole antenna (SDA). Furthermore, we show that a combination of the measurements of these two instruments allows the estimation of the electric resistivity of air, an important quantity that is extremely difficult to measure near the Earth's surface. The electric resistivity of air is found to vary between 1.5 · 1013 and 6 · 1013 Ω m and to correlate with changes in electric field. Vertical DC electric fields with amplitudes up to 6 kV m−1 were observed to correspond to clouds of dust blowing through the measurement site. Enhanced DC and AC electric fields are measured during periods when horizontal wind speed exceeds 7 m s−1, or around twice the background value. We suggest that low‐frequency emissions, below ~200 Hz, are generated by the motion of electrically charged particles in the vicinity of the SDA electrode and propose a simple model to reproduce the observed spectra. According to this model, the spectral response is controlled by three parameters, (i) the speed of the charged particles, (ii) the charge concentration, and (iii) the minimum distance between the particle and the electrode. In order to explain the electric fields measured with the FM sensors at different heights, we developed a multilayer model that relates the electric field to the charge distribution. For example, a nonlinear variation of the electric field observed by the FM sensors below 50 cm is simulated by a near‐surface layer of tens of centimeters that is filled with electrically charged particles that carry a predominantly negative charge in the vicinity of the soil. The charge concentration inside this layer is estimated to vary between 1012 and 5 · 1013 electrons m−3.
Effects of receive‐only inserts on specific absorption rate, B1+ field, and Tx coil performance
Authors: Krishnamurthy Narayanan , Zhao Tiejun , Ibrahim Tamer S. 
Published: August 2013

PurposeTo evaluate the effect of different cylindrical and close‐conforming receive‐only array designs on spin excitation and specific absorption rate (SAR) of a 7 T transmit‐only head coil.Materials and MethodsWe developed finite difference time domain (FDTD) models of different receive‐only array geometries. Cylindrical and close‐fitting helmet arrays with varying copper trace widths, a TEM Tx coil model, and two head models were used in numerical simulations. Tx coil coupling was experimentally measured and validated with FDTD modeling.ResultsChanging copper trace width of loops in array models caused subtle changes in radiofrequency (RF) absorption (<5%). Changes in SAR distribution were observed in the head models with Rx‐only inserts. Peak SAR increased (−1 to +15%) in different tissues for a mean B1+ in the brain of 2 μT. Total absorption in the head models for 1 W forward power increased (5%–21%) in the heads with Rx‐only inserts. Changes in RF absorption with different Rx inserts indicate a change in RF radiation of the Tx coil even when changes in B1+ and coupling between ports of Tx coil were minimal.ConclusionChanges in local/global SAR and subtle changes in B1+ field distributions were observed in the presence of Rx‐only inserts. Thus, incorporation of the receive‐only array effects are needed when evaluating SAR and designing RF transmit pulse waveform parameters for shimming and/or Tx‐SENSE for 7 T MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;39:475–484. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.