bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupational Stress Among Australian Podiatric Physicians in General and Geriatric Practice
Authors: Tinley Paul 
Published: March 2015

Background
High levels of occupational stress have been reported in podiatric physicians practicing in Australia. One possible stressor is the predominance of the treatment of aged patients with chronic disease in podiatric medical practice.

Methods
Forty podiatric physicians attending a regional podiatric medical conference were invited to participate in the research using a convenience sampling method. Podiatric physicians were asked to complete a survey examining occupational stress in general and specifically in relation to practice with older adults (defined as those older than 65 years).

Results
The survey of sources of occupational stress among podiatrists identified patient demands and expectations as the most significant stressor in general and geriatric practice for the podiatric physician. The perceived limited clinical gains and chronic nature of the conditions in older patients was also ranked highly as a stressor.

Conclusions
Working with the elderly is a substantial part of podiatric medical practice and, as such, needs to be seen with a more positive attitude by many practitioners. The development of geriatric practice as a speciality within the profession may help raise the value of working with the elderly. This has implications for preparing podiatric physicians for practice with the geriatric population along with the need for strategies to avoid or minimize these work stressors.
Recent Advances in Laser Manufacturing: Multifunctional Integrative Sensing Systems for Human Health and Gas Monitoring
Authors: Huang Yangyi , Yang Rongliang , Li Mitch Guijun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSince its first application in the 1950s, the laser has become an indispensable tool in scientific research and manufacturing. Laser manufacturing includes traditional methods such as cutting and engraving and emerging methods such as laser‐induced surface modification, laser‐induced materials transfer, and laser ablation synthesis. Laser manufacturing is widely applied in the fabrication of multifunctional sensing systems. Compared with other manufacturing methods such as lithography, vacuum deposition, and etching processes, laser manufacturing technology has several advantages, including maskless patterning, high precision, non‐contact processing, minimum heat affected zone, high throughput, ability to work with multiple materials, and ease of automation and integration. Here, this review aims to present a comprehensive analysis of the applications of laser manufacturing in various components of health and gas monitoring systems. Emphasis is placed on the application of laser manufacturing in various components of biosensors, including microchannels, sensing circuits, and working electrodes. Subsequently, laser manufacturing of physical and gas sensors is introduced. Meanwhile, traditional laser manufacturing methods, laser surface modification, laser‐induced material transfer, and laser ablation synthesis are introduced. Finally, the challenges and prospects of laser manufacturing in sensing systems are discussed.
Phonon Coherence in Bismuth‐Halide Perovskite Cs3Bi2Br9 With Ultralow Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Li Yongheng , Li Xiang , Wei Bin , Liu Juanjuan , Pan Feihao , Wang Hongliang , Cheng Peng , Zhang Hongxia , Xu Daye , Bao Wei , Wang Jinchen , Hao Lijie , Deng Guochu , Zhang Guodong , Hong Jiawang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHalide perovskites emerge as promising candidates for thermoelectrics due to their ultralow thermal conductivity. The conventional theory based on the phonon gas model, which treats thermal transport as particle‐like behavior, shows limitations to describe the unusual thermal transport property in some halide perovskites with strong anharmonicity. Here, the significance of phonon coherence effect on thermal transport of bismuth‐halide perovskite Cs3Bi2Br9 is reported by inelastic neutron scattering and simulations including density functional theory and machine‐learning potential based molecular dynamics. This study shows that the restrictive low‐energy acoustic phonons lead to the limited particle‐like thermal conductivity, which seriously underestimates the lattice thermal conductivity of Cs3Bi2Br9. The significant contribution of wave‐like optical phonon modes, driven by the coherence effect, accounts for an additional ≈50% wave‐like thermal conductivity. Besides, the experimental weak temperature dependence of thermal conductivity along z direction (κ ≈T−0.35) is well reproduced by calculation (κ ≈T−0.37) when including phonon coherence. This work highlights the critical role of phonon coherence in Cs3Bi2Br9 and enhances understanding on the unusual thermal transport properties in halide perovskites and other related materials with strong anharmonicity.
Design and Optimization of SiOx/AZO Transparent Passivating Contacts for High‐Efficiency Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Authors: Cai Haihuai , Zhong Zhuotong , Nong Qingxian , Gao Pingqi , He Jian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA highly transparent passivating contact (TPC) used for high‐efficiency crystalline silicon (c‐Si) solar cells should meet several key criteria: high optical transparency, excellent c‐Si surface passivation, low contact resistivity, and a low‐temperature fabrication process suitable for device integration. Here, a simple TPC is developed structure consisting of a silicon oxide (SiOx) tunneling passivating layer and an aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO) electron‐selective transporting layer (SiOx/AZO). This TPC demonstrated remarkable passivation quality with a low contact recombination current density of below 2.2 fA cm−2, an implied open‐circuit voltage of close to 740 mV and a contact resistivity below 20 mΩ·cm2 when contact with lightly doped n‐type c‐Si. This excellent passivation performance can be attributed to improved interfacial hydrogen chemical passivation and the field‐effect passivation induced by the highly Al‐doped ZnO film. Demonstrated n‐type c‐Si solar cells using full‐area SiOx/AZO rear contacts achieved a significant efficiency of 23.17%. Further power loss analysis based on numerical simulations outlines the pathway to achieving efficiencies exceeding 26%.
Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Elastomer Coatings with Brilliant Structural Colors and Mechanochromic Response Fabricated by Spray Deposition
Authors: Li Xiaohan , Chen Yuanhao , Du Changxiang , Liao Xiaojian , Yang Yanzhao , Feng Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractStructural color coatings with brilliant color is important in practical applications, such as aesthetic decoration, bionic skins, colorimetric sensors, and other color‐related fields. However, the intrinsic conflict between fast self‐assembly and bright structural color hinders their widespread applications. Here, cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer (CLCE) coatings with brilliant color and mechanochromic response are developed by spraying the cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) paints followed by evaporation‐induced self‐assembly (EISA) and photocuring. The Marangoni flow within the paints, which drives the orientation of liquid crystal molecules along the flow track in the EISA process, is found to be crucial for achieving both rapid self‐assembly time (60 s) and high reflectivity structural color (42%). The as‐prepared CLCE coatings present uniform structural colors, circularly polarized reflection, and mechanochromic response. Several proof­of­concept applications are also demonstrated, including patterned CLCE coatings on flat substrates, fully covered CLCE coatings on 3D objects, and non‐spectral colors via additive mixing method. The research disclosed herein provides unprecedented levels of efficiency and reliability for preparing structural color coatings.
Water‐Enhancing Gels Exhibiting Heat‐Activated Formation of Silica Aerogels for Protection of Critical Infrastructure During Catastrophic Wildfire
Authors: Dong Changxin , d'Aquino Andrea I. , Sen Samya , Hall Ian A. , Yu Anthony C. , Crane Gabriel B. , Acosta Jesse D. , Appel Eric A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA promising strategy to address the pressing challenges with wildfire, particularly in the wildland‐urban interface (WUI), involves developing new approaches for preventing and controlling wildfire within wildlands. Among sprayable fire‐retardant materials, water‐enhancing gels have emerged as exceptionally effective for protecting civil infrastructure. They possess favorable wetting and viscoelastic properties that reduce the likelihood of ignition, maintaining strong adherence to a wide array of surfaces after application. Although current water‐enhancing hydrogels effectively maintain surface wetness by creating a barricade, they rapidly desiccate and lose efficacy under high heat and wind typical of wildfire conditions. To address this limitation, unique biomimetic hydrogel materials from sustainable cellulosic polymers crosslinked by colloidal silica particles are developed that exhibit ideal viscoelastic properties and facile manufacturing. Under heat activation, the hydrogel transitions into a highly porous and thermally insulative silica aerogel coating in situ, providing a robust protective layer against ignition of substrates, even when the hydrogel fire suppressant becomes completely desiccated. By confirming the mechanical properties, substrate adherence, and enhanced substrate protection against fire, these heat‐activatable biomimetic hydrogels emerge as promising candidates for next‐generation water‐enhancing fire suppressants. These advancements have the potential to dramatically improve the ability to protect homes and critical infrastructure during wildfire.
Affinity‐Controlled Partitioning of Biomolecules at Aqueous Interfaces and Their Bioanalytic Applications
Authors: Cao Yang , Chao Youchuang , Shum Ho Cheung 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAll‐aqueous phase separation systems play essential roles in bioanalytical and biochemical applications. Compared to conventional oil and organic solvent‐based systems, these systems are characterized by their rich bulk and interfacial properties, offering superior biocompatibility. In particular, phase separation in all‐aqueous systems facilitates the creation of compartments with specific physicochemical properties, and therefore largely enhances the accessibility of the systems. In addition, the all‐aqueous compartments have diverse affinities, with an important property known as partitioning, which can concentrate (bio)molecules toward distinct immiscible phases. This partitioning affinity imparts all‐aqueous interfaces with selective permeability, enabling the controlled enrichment of target (bio)molecules. This review introduces the basic principles and applications of partitioning‐induced interfacial phenomena in a typical all‐aqueous system, namely aqueous two‐phase systems (ATPSs); these applications include interfacial chemical reactions, bioprinting, and assembly, as well as bio‐sensing and detection. The primary challenges associated with designing all‐aqueous phase separation systems and several future directions are also discussed, such as the stabilization of aqueous interfaces, the handling of low‐volume samples, and exploration of suitable ATPSs compositions with the efficient protocol.
An Active‐Matrix Synaptic Phototransistor Array for In‐Sensor Spectral Processing
Authors: Li Dingwei , Chen Yitong , Ren Huihui , Tang Yingjie , Zhang Siyu , Wang Yan , Xing Lixiang , Huang Qi , Meng Lei , Zhu Bowen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe human retina perceives and preprocesses the spectral information of incident light, enabling fast image recognition and efficient chromatic adaptation. In comparison, it is reluctant to implement parallel spectral preprocessing and temporal information fusion in current complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors, requiring intricate circuitry, frequent data transmission, and color filters. Herein, an active‐matrix synaptic phototransistor array (AMSPA) is developed based on organic/inorganic semiconductor heterostructures. The AMSPA provides wavelength‐dependent, bidirectional photoresponses, enabling dynamic imaging and in‐sensor spectral preprocessing functions. Specifically, near‐infrared light induces inhibitory photoresponse while UV light results in exhibitory photoresponse. With rational structural design of the organic/inorganic hybrid heterostructures, the current dynamic range of phototransistor is improved to over 90 dB. Finally, a 32 × 64 AMSPA (128 pixels per inch) is demonstrated with one‐switch‐transistor and one‐synaptic phototransistor (1‐T‐1‐PT) structure, achieving spatial chromatic enhancement and temporal trajectory imaging. These results reveal the feasibility of AMSPA for constructing artificial vision systems.
Advances and Challenges of Porous Structure on Solid–Liquid Interfaces in Polyanionic Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhao Wenxi , Dong Hanghang , Xing Zhao , Zhou Limin , Chen Shuangqiang , Liu Hua‐Kun , Dou Shi‐Xue , Zhao Zhengwei , Xia Hui , Chou Shulei , Chen Mingzhe 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are expected to be the substitute for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) because of their low cost, high abundance, and similar working mechanism. Among them, polyanion‐type electrodes show great application prospects due to their superior ion diffusion channels and structural stability. However, there are still many scientific issues that need to be thoroughly investigated, especially the formation mechanism, structural stability, and interface impedance of solid–liquid interfaces. Therefore, it is of great significance to systematically study the mechanism of interface reaction and the electrochemical behavior, to promote the further practical application of SIBs. Fortunately, the polyanionic electrodes can effectively improve the transport dynamics and the interfacial stability of the solid–liquid interfaces through constructing the porous structure, surface modification, and electrolyte strategies, thus improving the cycle and rate performance. This review discusses the characteristics and formation mechanisms of electrode/electrolyte interface (EEI), as well as their electrochemical behavior in porous structures with different dimensions. Furthermore, this review covers the application of porous materials in improving transport kinetics and EEI. In particular, it highlights the various strategies employed to comprehend the interplay among structure, chemistry, preparation methods, and the mechanisms of porous electrodes that ultimately affect the electrochemical properties of SIBs.
Tuning FeO covalency boosts catalytic ozonation over spinel oxide for chemical industrial wastewater decontamination
Authors: Cao Xu , Wang Zhao‐Hua , Guo Zhi‐Yan , Yang Si‐Yu , Wu Gang , Hu Jun , Li Wen‐Wei , Liu Xian‐Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHeterogeneous catalytic ozonation (HCO) emerges as a promising chemical industrial wastewater treatment solution, offering enhanced ozone utilization and reduced secondary pollutants. However, challenges in scaling HCO arise from a limited understanding of the catalytic mechanisms of metal oxides, particularly in generating active ozone sites. Here, we demonstrated the improvement of catalytic ozonation efficiency by enhancing the covalent bonding between FeO in Fe/Co spinel oxides. This alteration exploits the stronger electron‐donating capacity of Fe (II), enhancing FeOM bonds and electron enrichment at iron sites, leading to a significant reduction in the activation energy for ozone. Pilot experiments demonstrated a 75.3% COD removal efficiency and a threefold increase in ozone utilization efficiency compared to pure ozone system for chemical industrial wastewater treatment. This study not only advances our understanding of spinel oxides in ozone catalysis but also opens new avenues for practical HCO applications in water treatment.
Inbreeding in Chinese fir: Insights into the adaptive growth traits of selfed progeny from mRNA, miRNA, and copy number variation
Authors: Deng Houyin , Huang Rong , Wei Ruping , Wang Runhui , Yan Shu , El‐Kassaby Yousry A. , Sun Yuhan , Li Yun , Zheng Huiquan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPremiseThe impact of inbreeding on biological processes is well documented in individuals with severe inbreeding depression. However, the biological processes influencing the adaptive growth of normal selfed individuals are unknown. Here, we aimed to investigate how inbreeding affects gene expression for adaptive growth of normal selfed seedlings from a self‐fertilizing parent in Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata).MethodsUsing RNA‐seq data from above‐ and underground tissues of abnormal and normal selfed seedlings, we analyzed GO biological processes network. We also sequenced small RNAs in the aboveground tissues and measured the copy number variations (CNV) of the hub genes.ResultsPhenotypic fitness analysis revealed that the normal seedlings were better adapted than their abnormal counterparts. Upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were associated with development processes, and downregulated DEGs were mainly enriched in fundamental metabolism and stress response. Results of mRNA‐miRNA parallel sequencing revealed that upregulated target genes were predominantly associated with development, highlighting their crucial role in phosphorylation in signal transduction networks. We also discovered a moderate correlation (0.1328 < R2 < 0.6257) between CNV and gene expression levels for three hub genes (TMKL1, GT2, and RHY1A).ConclusionsWe uncovered the key biological processes underpinning the growth of normal selfed seedlings and established the relationship between CNV and the expression levels of hub genes in selfed seedlings. Understanding the candidate genes involved in the growth of selfed seedlings will help us comprehend the genetic mechanisms behind inbreeding depression in the evolutionary biology of plants.
Doubling down on polyploid discoveries: Global advances in genomics and ecological impacts of polyploidy
Authors: Barker Michael S. , Jiao Yuannian , Glennon Kelsey L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAll flowering plants are now recognized as diploidized paleopolyploids (Jiao et al., 2011; One Thousand Plant Transcriptomes Initiative, 2019), and polyploid species comprise approximately 30% of contemporary plant species (Wood et al., 2009; Barker et al., 2016a). A major implication of these discoveries is that, to appreciate the evolution of plant diversity, we need to understand the fundamental biology of polyploids and diploidization. This need is broadly recognized by our community as there is a continued, growing interest in polyploidy as a research topic. Over the past 25 years, the sequencing and analysis of plant genomes has revolutionized our understanding of the importance of polyploid speciation to the evolution of land plants.
Synthesis, Anticancer Evaluation, in‐silico ADMET and Molecular Docking Studies for Tailored Pyrazolo‐Benzothiazole Hybrids
Authors: Bains Omkar , Kumar Ashish , Kamal Raj , Kour Rasdeep , Kaur Simrandeep , Kaur Satwinderjeet , Jangra Raman , Sharma Purshotam , Kumar Ravinder 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe present article demonstrates the regioselective synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation of eighteen novel pyrazolo‐benzothiazole hybrid molecules 5a–5r. We have utilized β,β‐ditosyloxy ketone protocol to synthesize these hybrid molecules. The synthesized compounds were tested for their in‐vitro antiproliferative activities using MTT assay against breast cancer (MCF‐7), cervical cancer (HeLa), and Lung cancer (A549) cell lines. Hybrid molecules 5a, 5m, 5n, and 5o with IC50 values of 0.359 mM, 0.051 mM, 0.079 mM, and 0.259 mM respectively exhibited admirable growth inhibitory properties against MCF‐7 cancer cells which are even better than reference carboplatin drug having IC50 (0.439 mM). Compound 5k with IC50 value of 0.765 mM was found to be the most potent antiproliferative agent for the HeLa cancer cells. Moreover, hybrid molecule 5f with IC50 value of 0.706 mM exhibited better inhibitory activity against A549 cancer cells in comparison to the reference carboplatin drug having IC50 (0.805 mM). The mechanism of cellular toxicity was studied using the Annexin V‐FITC/PI double staining method and cell cycle assay. Molecular docking studies for all the synthesized compounds have also been performed in the binding pocket of VEGFR2 sites (PDB code: 4ASD). Finally, the ADMET profile of the potent molecules was investigated to predict their drug‐likeness behaviour.
Higher Validity, Lower Radiation: A New Ictal Single‐Photon Emission Computed Tomography Framework
Authors: Bitzer Felix , Walger Lennart , Bauer Tobias , Schulte Freya , Gaertner Florian C. , Schmitz Matthias , Schidlowski Martin , von Wrede Randi , Rácz Attila , Baumgartner Tobias , Gnatkovsky Vadym , Paech Daniel , Borger Valeri , Vatter Hartmut , Weber Bernd , Michels Dominik L. , Stöcker Tony , Essler Markus , Sander Josemir W. , Radbruch Alexander , Surges Rainer , Rüber Theodor 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveTo assess whether arterial spin labeling perfusion images of healthy controls can enhance ictal single‐photon emission computed tomography analysis and whether the acquisition of the interictal image can be omitted.MethodsWe developed 2 pipelines: The first uses ictal and interictal images and compares these to single‐photon emission computed tomography and arterial spin labeling of healthy controls. The second pipeline uses only the ictal image and the analogous healthy controls. Both pipelines were compared to the gold standard analysis and evaluated on data of individuals with epilepsy who underwent ictal single‐photon emission computed tomography imaging during presurgical evaluation between 2010 and 2022. Fifty healthy controls prospectively underwent arterial spin labeling imaging. The correspondence between the detected hyperperfusion and the postoperative resection cavity or the presumably affected lobe was assessed using Dice score and mean Euclidean distance. Additionally, the outcomes of the pipelines were automatically assigned to 1 of 5 concordance categories.ResultsInclusion criteria were met by 43 individuals who underwent epilepsy surgery and by 73 non‐surgical individuals with epilepsy. Compared to the gold standard analysis, both pipelines resulted in significantly higher Dice scores and lower mean distances (p < 0.05). The combination of both provided localizing results in 85/116 cases, compared to 54/116 generated by the current gold standard analysis and the ictal image alone produced localizing results in 60/116 (52%) cases.InterpretationWe propose a new ictal single‐photon emission computed tomography protocol; it finds relevantly more ictal hyperperfusion, and halves the radiation dose in about half of the individuals. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:1160–1173