bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction of Music Therapy for Stuporous Patient Attached to a Mechanical Ventilator at Bethany Hospital in Tacloban City, Philippines
Authors: Almazan Joseph Uy , Patosa Florabelle , Argota Elnora 
Published: October 2013

Altered levels of consciousness (ALC) are among the most common problems in general medicine which intensive care unit is included. One of its deepest levels is stupor. Meanwhile, it has shown that the use of music therapy improved levels of consciousness in a patient that has altered levels of consciousness and is ventilated. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of music therapy after a series of listening classic CD songs attached to a built-in CD drive of the mechanical ventilator for stuporous patient using earphones in both ears. Quasi –experimental design was adopted utilizing the both primary data and secondary data. There were 24 stuporous patients invited to participate as respondents with an age range of 23-92 years old. Four parameters were evaluated: vital signs of patients when attached to a mechanical ventilator with music therapy; duration of the health status; health status as evidenced by a change in level of consciousness based on doctor’s order and nurses notes. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 19.The researchers found out the use of music therapy (attached to the mechanical ventilator) was effective in improving the level of consciousness; this has been useful in implementation in the Intensive Care Unit.
Prevalence of leprosy Cases in Eastern Visayas, Philippines
Authors: Almazan Joseph Uy 
Published: October 2013

Leprosy is an important global health problem. Moreover, important for its potential to cause progressive and permanent physical disability. However, there is limited study conducted pertaining to the prevalence of leprosy in Eastern Visayas region, as well as to the association of its treatment, population, poverty rate, and gender. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of leprosy in terms of population growth, poverty rate, its treatment, and to determine association between provinces and the type of leprosy treatment for both completed and continuing treatment, between newly diagnosed (2010) and population in its provinces, between average per capita (2001-2009) and continuing treatment of leprosy (2001-2009) between the completed treatment (2001-2009) and population (2001-2009), leprosy cases (2010) between sexes among provinces. It employed descriptive inferential design, and utilizing chi-square test with the used of SPSS version 19. Findings revealed that there were no significant association between provinces and the type of leprosy treatment for both completed and continuing treatment, between newly diagnosed (2010) and provinces, between average per capita (2001-2009) and continuing treatment of leprosy(2001-2009) between the completed treatment (2001-2009) and population (2001-2009), leprosy cases (2010) between sexes among provinces. Finding of this investigation suggests everyone is prone to leprosy, whether or not it’s male or female, and rich or poor. Furthermore, studies identifying other factors like literacy rate, present health status could also be investigated.
Are anatomical landmark measurements accurate for predicting endotracheal tube depth?
Authors: Mangar Devanand , Sprenker Collin Jurgen , Karlnoski Rachel Anne , McDonough John P , Dodson Robert K , Brashears Bill H , Downes Katheryne L , Camporesi Enrico M 
Published: October 2013

Background: A traditional method for depth of intubation in adult patients is taping the endotracheal tube (ETT) at the upper incisors a distance of 21 or 23 cm for women and men respectively (21/23 method). A novel “topographical” measurement for estimating proper intubation depth has been suggested as a better depth predictor compared to the 21/23 method. Objectives: To compare the 21/23 method to topographical measurements. Methods: 100 ASA physical status I-II patients scheduled for elective surgery were enrolled. The 21/23 method was initially utilized for intubation and the ETT tip to carina distance was then fiberoptically measured. Anatomical (topographical) measurements were then obtained from each patient by adding the distance from the corner of the mouth to the mandibular angle to the distance from the mandibular angle to the center of the sternal notch and were recorded as the topographical intubation depth. Both measurements were assessed for percentage of ETTs that fell outside of our desired tip to carina range of 2-4 cm. Results: After the 21/23 method, 29% of ETTs fell outside our desired tip to carina range compared to 47% of ETTs with the topographical method (p=0.010). No correlation was found between the topographical measurements and airway length (upper incisors to vocal cords) (r=0.248). Conclusions: Topographical measurements were not re-confirmed as an accurate intubation method and were found to be less reliable than the 21/23 method. We maintain that regardless of ETT insertion method utilized, the gold standard to ensure accurate ETT placement is fiberoptic inspection.
Ricocheted Rifle and Shotgun Projectiles: A Ballistic Evaluation
Authors: Kunz S. N. , Kirchhoff S. , Eggersmann R. , Stiefel D. , Gessinger M. , Manthei A. , Eichner S. , Graw M. , Peschel O. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Hunting firearm injuries and fatalities from ricocheted bullets play a minor, but still important, role in forensic medicine and shooting reconstruction. Especially in the area of critical ricochet angles a ballistic analysis is essential to be able to reconstruct hunting accidents. The aim of this study is to analyze ricocheted rifle projectiles (.30-06 Bionic Black and .30-06 Oryx) and shotgun slugs (cal. 12 Brenneke original) from frozen and non-frozen concrete, as well as their ballistic injury potential at a simulated shooting distance of 100 m (rifle projectiles) and 20 m (slugs). Each projectile had a v100 velocity between 370 m/s (shotgun ammunition) and 740 m/s (rifle ammunition) and was shot at an incident angle between 2–20° (rifle ammunition) and 5–35° (shotgun ammunition). To record the angle of ricochet and target energy of each ricocheted projectile, a polycarbonate wall with a reference scale, as well as ballistic soap were used as a final target. At a shooting distance of 100 m, non-ricochet shots are only possible from high seats, but not from deer stands. The critical shooting angle showed a rather high variation for both rifle and shotgun ammunition and was noted between 1.25 times (shotgun ammunition) and 2.5 times (rifle ammunition) higher for frozen concrete compared to non-frozen concrete. All tested ammunition showed remarkable high variations in the ricochet’s angular deviation. Upon the impact of a ricochet, energy levels of over 1000 J were realized with significant injury potential to underlying organs.
A Study on the Multiaxial Fatigue Failure Criterion with Small Defects
Authors: Yanase K. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This paper reexamines a multiaxial fatigue failure criterion in the presence of small defects. The criterion is based on the assumption that a Mode-I crack on a specified plane, termed a critical plane, plays a dominant role in the determination of fatigue strength. The present study extends previous research to propose a modified failure criterion in conjunction with a systematic computational scheme, and to conduct a detailed analysis of its predictive capability. Using the proposed computational scheme, the applied stress level for the multiaxial fatigue failure can be efficiently predicted for both in-phase and out-of-phase loadings. Additionally, a series of parametric studies was conducted to examine the material's sensitivity to the biaxial stress state with respect to the fatigue strength.
Synthesis of 1-(pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl)-1H-azoles and their piperidine-derived homologues
Authors: Zhersh Sergey , Karpenko Oleksandr , Ripenko Vasyl , Tolmachev Andrey , Grygorenko Oleksandr 
Published: October 2013

AbstractA convenient preparation of 1-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazoles, -imidazoles, and -1H-1,2,4-triazoles, 1-(piperidin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazoles and -1H-1,2,4-triazoles, and 1-(piperidin-3-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazoles by alkylation of azoles (viz. pyrazoles, imidazoles, and triazoles) with N-Cbz-prolinol mesylate or its analogues and subsequent deprotection is reported. The two-step method allows for synthesis of the title compounds in 16–65% yields. The utility of the procedure has been demonstrated by multigram preparation of a 15-member building block mini-library for the lead-oriented synthesis of compound libraries. These building blocks perfectly fit the definition of low-molecular-weight hydrophilic three-dimensional templates, which leave much room for the lead-oriented synthesis of the compound libraries.
Stability prediction of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ N-salicylidene-aminoacidato complexes by models based on connectivity index 3 χ v
Authors: Miličević Ante , Raos Nenad 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThis paper presents models for the estimation of stability constants (K 1 and β 2) of nickel(II), copper(II) and zinc(II) mono- and bis-complexes with 5 Schiff bases (salicylideneglycine, salicylidenealanine, salicylideneserine, salicylidenephenylalanine, and salicylidenetyrosine). The models were based on the molecular-graph theory and valence molecular connectivity index of the 3rd order, 3χv , derived from it. Univariate linear models were developed for each metal separately, while in the common models for two and three metals, the indicator variable, In, was introduced. The standard error of models for the log K 1 constant was less than 0.12, while for log β 2 models, the S.E. did not exceed 0.14.
Spectroscopic analysis of pindolol irradiated in the solid state
Authors: Ogrodowczyk Magdalena , Marciniec Barbara , Kachlicki Piotr 
Published: October 2013

AbstractPindolol ((2RS)-(1-(1H-indol-4-iloxy)-3- [(1-metyloetylo)amino]-2-propanol) in substantia was exposed to ionising radiation emitted by high energy electrons from an accelerator, in the standard sterilisation dose of 25 kGy and in higher doses from the range 50–400 kGy. The effects of irradiation were checked by spectrometric methods (UV, MS, FT-IR, EPR) and hyphenated methods (HPLC-MS) and the results were referred to those obtained for non-irradiated sample. EPR results indicated the presence of free radicals in irradiated samples, in the amount of 1.36 × 1016 spin g−1 for 25 kGy and 3.70×1016 spin g−1 for 400 kGy. The loss of pindolol content determined by HPLC was 1.34% after irradiation with 400 kGy, while the radiolytic yield of the total radiolysis for this dose of irradiation was 2.69×107 mol J−1. By means of HPLC-MS it was possible to separate and identify one product of radiolytic decomposition, which probably is 2-((R)-3-(1H-indol-4-yloxy)-2-hydroxypropylamino)propan-1-ol formed upon oxidation. In the range of sterilisation doses (25–50 kGy), pindolol was found to show high radiochemical stability and would probably be safely sterilised by the standard dose of 25 kGy.
Microspectroscopic infrared specular reflection chemical imaging of multi-component urinary stones: MIR vs. FIR
Authors: Pucetaite Milda , Tamosaityte Sandra , Engdahl Anders , Ceponkus Justinas , Sablinskas Valdas , Uvdal Per 
Published: October 2013

AbstractSpecular reflection infrared microspectroscopy was used for chemical imaging of cross-sectioned urinary stones to determine their chemical composition and morphology simultaneously. Absorption spectral bands were recovered from reflection spectra by Kramers-Kronig transform. FUse of far-infrared radiation provides high-contrast images and allows more precise constituent distribution determinations than mid-infrared because band asymmetry after the transform caused by diffuse reflection is less in the far-infrared.
Hydrogen bonding-based 3D supramolecular architecture of [Cu(CHA)2][TCM]·11H2O
Authors: Vlassa Mihaela , Borodi Gheorghe , Silvestru Cristian , Vlassa Mircea 
Published: October 2013

AbstractReaction of Na4TCM (1) (H4TCM = tetra[4-(carboxyphenyl)oxamethyl]methane) with [Cu(CHA)](ClO4)2 (2)(CHA = 1,3,6,8,11,14-hexaaz atricyclo[12.2.1.1.8,11] octadecane) in a DMF-water mixture yields [Cu(CHA)]2[TCM] (3). Structural analysis of [Cu(CHA)]2[TCM]·11H2O (3·11H2O) by single crystal X-ray diffraction reveals strong copper-oxygen bonds between two complex cations and the tetraanion leading to a 3D coordination network (zwitterionic structure), consolidated through additional NH...O=C hydrogen bonding within the cation/anion association. The resulting coordination geometry around a copper atom is a distorted square pyramidal with an oxygen atom of the anionic ligand in the apical position. A 3D supramolecular network is developed in the crystal based only on NH...OC hydrogen bonds between the macrocyclic metallic tecton and the carboxylate groups of neighboring 3D coordinated (zwitterionic) moieties. The pseudotetrahedral TCM4− tetraanionic ligand induces a diamondoid architecture formed of large distorted adamantanoid cages.
Novel ion-binding C3 symmetric tripodal triazoles: synthesis and characterization
Authors: Neumajer Gábor , Tóth Gergő , Béni Szabolcs , Noszál Béla 
Published: October 2013

AbstractNovel C3 symmetric tripodal molecules were synthesized from cyclohexane 1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid. Utilizing click and Sonogashira reactions, ion-binding triazole and pyridazin-3(2H)-one units were incorporated to form polydentate ligands for ion complexation. The structures of the novel C3 symmetric derivatives were extensively characterized by 1H, 13C and 2D NMR techniques along with HRMS and IR. The copper(I)-binding potentials of these ligands were investigated by using them as additives in model copper(I)-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions. The copper(I) complexation ability of our compound was also proved by different spectroscopic methods, such as mass spectrometry, UV and NMR spectroscopy. Based on the mass spectrometric data all of the C3 symmetric ligands formed 1:1 complex with copper(I) ion. The specific role of C3 symmetric polydentate form in the complexation process was also discussed
Investigations of ternary complexes of Co(II) and Ni(II) with oxydiacetate anion and 1,10-phenanthroline or 2,2′-bipyridine in solutions
Authors: Wyrzykowski Dariusz , Pranczk Joanna , Jacewicz Dagmara , Tesmar Aleksandra , Pilarski Bogusław , Chmurzyński Lech 
Published: October 2013

AbstractPotentiometric (PT) and conductometric (CT) titration methods have been used to determine the stoichiometry and formation constants in water for a series of ternary complexes of Co(II) and Ni(II) involving the oxydiacetate anion (ODA) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) or 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy) ligands, namely [Co(ODA)(phen)(H2O)], [Co(ODA)(bpy)(H2O)], [Ni(ODA)(phen)(H2O)] and [Ni(ODA)(bpy)(H2O)]. The ternary complex formation process was found to take place in a stepwise manner in which the oxydiacetate ligand acts as a primary ligand and the phen or bipy ligands act as auxiliary ones. The stability of the ternary complexes formed is discussed in the relation to the corresponding binary ones. Furthermore, the kinetics of the substitution reactions of the aqua ligands in the coordination sphere of the Ni-ODA and Co-ODA complexes to phen or bipy were studied by the stopped-flow method. The kinetic measurements were performed in the 288–303 K temperature range, at a constant concentration of phen or bipy and at seven different concentrations of the binary complexes (4–7 mM). The influence of experimental conditions and the kind of the auxiliary ligands (phen/bipy) on the substitution rate was discussed.
Photonic crystals obtained by soap-free emulsion terpolymerization
Authors: Rusen Edina , Diacon Aurel , Mocanu Alexandra 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThis paper presents the use of soap-free emulsion terpolymerization to obtainphotonic crystals (PCs). Monodisperse latexes resulted from the polymerization of styrene (ST) with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and acrylic acid (AA) at different compositions defined as system A, B and C respectively. The water solubility of the macroradicals determined different nucleation mechanisms in all three cases. The micellar nucleation mechanism was more predominant for generating system A, whereas the homogeneous nucleation was specific for system C. For system B, both nucleation mechanisms werepossible with the same probability. The latexes and the resulted PCs were characterized by optical microscopy (OM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and UV-VIS spectroscopy.
Influence of point defects on the structural and electronic properties of SiC nanotubes
Authors: Chigo Anota E. , Cocoletzi Gregorio 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWe have performed studies of the structural and electronic properties of functionalized single wall silicon carbide nanotubes (SW-SiCNTs) with chirality (5,5). Our first principles studies are done using density functional theory. The exchange-correlation energies are modeled according to the Hamprecht-Cohen-Tozer-Handy functional in the generalized gradient approximation (HCTH-GGA) and the DNP basis function with double polarization is applied. To determine the most stable geometry, we have applied the minimum energy criterion considering several initial configurations of the hydroxyl (OH) functional group interacting with the single wall SiCNT. In particular, we tested different orientations of the OH adsorbed on the nanotube surface (oriented towards the Si or C atoms) and at the end of the nanotube. Results indicate that the most favorable geometry corresponds to OH adsorption (chemisorption) at the end of the nanotube. The polarity increases yielding better conditions for solubility and dispersion. The work function of the SW-SiCNT-OH is reduced, which in turn favors conditions for field emission properties (FEPs). Finally, the presence of silicon or carbon mono-vacancies in the functionalized nanotubes suggests this may be a good structure to fabricate semiconductor devices
Fullerenes patched by flowers with octagonal core
Authors: Pop Raluca , Medeleanu Mihai , Diudea Mircea , Szefler Beata , Cioslowski Jerzy 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe aromatic character of three different flowers of general formula [n:(p i,p j)n/2], namely [8:(5,7)4], [8:(6,6)4] and [8:(5,6)4], has been evaluated by means of geometric (HOMA index), energetic (heats of formation) and magnetic criteria (NICS index, exaltation of magnetic susceptibility). Also, the reactivity descriptors within the DFT approach -absolute hardness, electrophilicity, Fukui functions — have been computed. All the different methods used for estimating the aromaticity led to a unitary conclusion. Two fullerene structures, patched by the most stable 8-Sumanene flower, have been designed and evaluated by means of ab initio computations
Synthesis and spectroscopic properties of LiIn(WO4)2 nanopowders and single crystals doped with chromium(III) ions
Authors: Skibiński Tomasz , Fuks Hubert , Kaczmarek Sławomir , Bodziony Tomasz , Hermanowicz Krzysztof , Maczka Mirosław , Ptak Maciej , Hanuza Jerzy 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
LiIn(WO4)2 single crystals and nanopowders doped with chromium(III) ions were synthesized and investigated, including their EPR spectra and magnetic properties. The EPR spectra have shown low and high field lines attributed to isolated chromium ions with an electron spin S=3/2 and complex chromium centers with higher spin value, respectively. Magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed an almost linear dependence on the magnetic field. The electron resonance and magnetic properties have been related to the structural and spectroscopic data of the studied material.
Adaptive phenotypic plasticity of gypsy moth digestive enzymes
Authors: Mrdaković Marija , Stojković Biljana , Perić-Mataruga Vesna , Ilijin Larisa , Vlahović Milena , Lazarević Jelica 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The adaptiveness of plasticity of digestive enzyme responses to allelochemical stress was tested on 32 full-sib families of gypsy moth larvae from an oak forest population (the Quercus population) and 26 families from a locust-tree forest (the Robinia population), reared either on control diet, or on tannin-supplemented diet. Using the duration of larval development as an indirect measure of fitness, phenotypic selection analyses revealed that lower specific activities of total proteases and trypsin, and higher specific activity of leucine aminopeptidase were adaptive for both populations in the control environment. Plasticity was only shown to be costly for total proteases and trypsin activity in Quercus larvae. In a stressful environment, the most apparent adaptive response was a significant increase in lipase activity. There was no plasticity cost for lipase activity. The two populations differed in the direction of selection acting on α-glucosidase activity, which favoured decreased activity in Quercus larvae and increased activity in Robinia larvae in the control environment. α-glucosidase activity in Quercus larvae is characterized by cost of homeostasis, while cost of plasticity was shown for Robinia larvae. The results obtained on the plasticity of digestive enzyme activity indicate how this generalist species copes with variation in plant allelochemicals.
Cloning and characterization of a cold inducible Pal promoter from Fagopyrum tataricum
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Wei , Li Chenglei , Jiang Qian-Tao , Wei Yuming , Yao Huipeng , Chen Hui , Wu Qi 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) catalyzes the first reaction in biosynthesis pathway of flavonoids and plays an important role in plant stress resistance. In this study, the 5’ flanking region of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene was isolated from Fagopyrum tataricum by thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR method, named PFtPal (GenBank: KF463139). To investigate the functional properties of PFtPal, we constructed a series of plant expression vectors that contained different promoter fragments resulting from nest deletions and had successfully transformed them into tobacco leaves by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Histochemical assay of GUS suggested that PFtPal could drive GUS gene expression in leaves and roots, while GUS activity was not detected in the stem. In addition, the region of −274 bp to −1 bp was enough to drive normal expression of GUS gene. Low temperature treatment of transgenic tobacco plants demonstrated that PFtPal conferred cold-induced expression. Taken together, our study will help to better understand the Pal promoter, and provides a candidate promoter for molecular breeding in Fagopyrum plants.
Carbon nanotube-layered double hydroxide nanocomposites
Authors: Tóth Viktor , Sipiczki Mónika , Bugris Valéria , Kukovecz Ákos , Kónya Zoltán , Sipos Pál , Pálinkó István 
Published: October 2013

AbstractPreparation of multiwalled carbon nanotube-layered double hydroxide (MWCNT-LDH) nano-composites by (i) the co-precipitation of LDH components and pristine or surface-treated MWCNT or (ii) the delamination of LDH and application of the layer-by-layer technique has been attempted. For MWCNT, two types of surface treatment were used, either the surface was hydroxylated and deprotonated or wrapped in a tenside (dodecylbenzenesulfonate, DBS). LDH was delaminated by N,N-dimethylformamide. The obtained materials were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and by scanning and transmission electron microscopies (SEM and TEM). Element distribution was mapped with help of the X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (XEDS) available as an extension of the scanning electron microscope. MWCNT could not be sandwiched between the layers of LDH by any of the methods employed; however, tenside-treated bundles of MWCNT could be wrapped in LDH thus forming a nanocomposite.