bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological and Pedagogical Aspects of Implementing Competence-Based Approach in the Context of Transition to the Federal State Educational Standard
Authors: Новикова  , Novikova Svetlana , Красношлыкова  , Krasnoshlykova Olga 
Published: March 2014

Aspects of psychological and pedagogical follow-up in the course of competence-based approach implementing are considered given the necessity
to transfer to the second-generation Federal state educational standards. The issue of core competences diagnostics among the school learners is also
concerned. The authors have elaborated criteria, measures and diagnostic-test toolkit for monitoring the learners’ core competences.
Celebrating UNAM-Oshakati Campus health day/world health day: a community service: professional and personal life experiences
Authors: Pinehas Lusia N. Ndahambelela , Shifiona NN. , Shikongo KKI. 
Published: March 2014

Background: The University of Namibia-Oshakati Campus has a tradition to celebrate UNAM Health Day which coincided with the World Health Day annually. The day had always been celebrated within the Oshakati Campus premises. Nurse lecturers from the School of Nursing and Public Health always decide on the activities of the day and they volunteered themselves to take part in the event. The activities conducted were such as blood pressure monitoring, taking of weigh and giving general health education on different topics. In that case activities only catered for the University’s staff members, some students and few distance students and individuals who might find them visiting the campus during that day. This year (2013), lecturers celebrated UNAM/World day on the 04th April and they decided to move out of the campus to the nearby “open market” community to sell their service and to raise awareness about the reality of diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity under the theme: “High blood pressure” (WHO’s theme of the year). The “open market” is a place in Oshakati (Oshana region) in the northern Namibia where many self-employed local small- and medium business people, males and females gather to sell local food and some “okapana” (takeaways) to passerby. Aim: The aim is to take the service to the community around Oshakati to sell their service and to raise awareness about the reality of diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity under the theme: “High blood pressure”. Method: No actual research was done. The service was carried out in April 2013. Results: No actual data analysis was done. The analysis of the findings was based on the users of the services. Many people who used the services were found to have high blood pressure up to 229/124mmHg, many of the women who sell “okapana” are overweight and seem to have lack the knowledge about balanced diet because they could not understand why they are overweight compared to their Body Mass Index (BMI). They prefer to keep their “fatness” because if they lose weight they will be laughed at and said to have AIDS. Many people were found to have high blood glucose levels (33.3mmol/L). Conclusion: The results indicate the need for health care providers to strengthen the community services and outreach to improve the knowledge and understanding of community members on the need for undergoing regular screening. Keywords: Blood Glucose Level, Health Education, High Blood Pressure, Body Mass Index, Obesity.
Subglacial hydrological connectivity within the Byrd Glacier catchment, East Antarctica
Authors: Wright A.P. , Young D.A. , Bamber J.L. , Dowdeswell J.A. , Payne A.J. , Blankenship D.D. , Siegert M.J. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractIce, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) repeat-track laser altimetry has identified 17 sites within the Byrd Glacier catchment, East Antarctica, where rapid ice-surface height changes have occurred, which have been interpreted as evidence for ‘active’ subglacial lakes. Here we present evidence from a new radio-echo sounding (RES) survey at 11 of these locations to understand the bed conditions associated with the proposed hydrological activity. At none of the sites examined did we find evidence in support of substantial pooled basal water. In the majority of cases, along-track RES bed reflection amplitudes either side of the locations of surface height change are indistinguishable from those within the features. These results indicate that, in most cases, hypothesized ‘active’ lakes are not discrete radar targets and are therefore much smaller than the areas of surface height change. In addition, we have identified three new relatively large subglacial lakes upstream of the region where most ‘active’ subglacial lakes are found, in an area where the hydraulic gradient is significantly lower. Our results suggest that substantial and long-lasting basal water storage in the Byrd Glacier catchment occurs only under low hydraulic gradients, while coast-proximal sites of hydraulic activity likely involve small or temporary accumulations of basal water.
Near-surface internal melting: a substantial mass loss on Antarctic Dry Valley glaciers
Authors: Hoffman Matthew J. , Fountain Andrew G. , Liston Glen E. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe McMurdo Dry Valleys, southern Victoria Land, East Antarctica, are a polar desert, and melt from glacial ice is the primary source of water to streams, lakes and associated ecosystems. Previous work found that to adequately model glacier ablation and subsurface ice temperatures with a surface energy-balance model required including the transmission of solar radiation into the ice. Here we investigate the contribution of subsurface melt to the mass balance of (and runoff from) Dry Valley glaciers by including a drainage process in the model and applying the model to three glacier sites using 13 years of hourly meteorological data. Model results for the smooth glacier surfaces common to many glaciers in the Dry Valleys showed that sublimation was typically the largest component of surface lowering, with rare episodes of surface melting, consistent with anecdotal field observations. Results also showed extensive internal melting 5–15 cm below the ice surface, the drainage of which accounted for ~50% of summer ablation. This is consistent with field observations of subsurface streams and formation of a weathering crust. We identify an annual cycle of weathering crust formation in summer and its removal during the 10 months of winter sublimation.
On the ℱϕ-Hypercentre of Finite Groups
Authors: Tang Juping , Miao Long 
Published: March 2014

AbstractLet G be a finite group and let ℱ be a class of groups. Then Zℱϕ(G) is the ℱϕ-hypercentre of G, which is the product of all normal subgroups of G whose non-Frattini G-chief factors are ℱ-central in G. A subgroup H is called ℳ-supplemented in a finite group G if there exists a subgroup B of G such that G = HB and H1B is a proper subgroup of G for any maximal subgroup H1 of H. The main purpose of this paper is to prove the following: Let E be a normal subgroup of a group G. Suppose that every noncyclic Sylow subgroup P of F*(E) has a subgroup D such that 1 < |D| < |P| and every subgroup H of P with order |H| = |D| is 𝓜-supplemented in G, then E ≤ Zuϕ(G).
« L’auditeur doit monter à bord de ma musique ! » : entretien avec Denis Gougeon
Authors: Davoine Françoise 
Published: March 2014

Dans un entretien réalisé par l’animatrice Françoise Davoine, Denis Gougeon évoque son enfance, les rencontres qui l’ont marqué, son métier de compositeur et ses diverses sources d’inspiration. Il se prête à un exercice original : à partir de 12 de ses oeuvres soigneusement sélectionnées, il revit avec le lecteur 30 ans de création musicale.
Denis Gougeon : entre affect et narrativité
Authors: Leclair François-Hugues 
Published: March 2014

La perspective privilégiée dans ce cahier d’analyse cherche à faire ressortir l’importance de ces deux dimensions (affect et narrativité) dans le travail du compositeur Denis Gougeon. Pour ce faire, un territoire particulier de sa création sera ciblé, soit ses oeuvres tissant des passerelles entre des musiques d’origines historiquement et/ou géographiquement éloignées. C’est sur l’oeuvre Toy (Music Box), composée en 2009-2010 pour deux flûtes de bambou (dizis) et orchestre symphonique – qui a gagné le premier prix du Concours international de composition de Shanghai (2010) – que portera la majeure partie de cette analyse. En guise d’introduction à cette approche, trois autres pièces seront brièvement commentées : Voix-Vénus (1990), pour soprano (ou ténor) et piano, sur un texte de Goethe ; Un fleuve, une île, une ville (1991-1992), pour orchestre symphonique ; Chants du coeur (2011-2012), pour violon et piano.
One step forward: contrasting the effects of Toe clipping and PIT tagging on frog survival and recapture probability
Authors: Guimarães Murilo , Corrêa Décio T. , Filho Sérgio S. , Oliveira Thiago A. L. , Doherty Paul F. , Sawaya Ricardo J. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractAmphibians have been declining worldwide and the comprehension of the threats that they face could be improved by using mark–recapture models to estimate vital rates of natural populations. Recently, the consequences of marking amphibians have been under discussion and the effects of toe clipping on survival are debatable, although it is still the most common technique for individually identifying amphibians. The passive integrated transponder (PIT tag) is an alternative technique, but comparisons among marking techniques in free‐ranging populations are still lacking. We compared these two marking techniques using mark–recapture models to estimate apparent survival and recapture probability of a neotropical population of the blacksmith tree frog, Hypsiboas faber. We tested the effects of marking technique and number of toe pads removed while controlling for sex. Survival was similar among groups, although slightly decreased from individuals with one toe pad removed, to individuals with two and three toe pads removed, and finally to PIT‐tagged individuals. No sex differences were detected. Recapture probability slightly increased with the number of toe pads removed and was the lowest for PIT‐tagged individuals. Sex was an important predictor for recapture probability, with males being nearly five times more likely to be recaptured. Potential negative effects of both techniques may include reduced locomotion and high stress levels. We recommend the use of covariates in models to better understand the effects of marking techniques on frogs. Accounting for the effect of the technique on the results should be considered, because most techniques may reduce survival. Based on our results, but also on logistical and cost issues associated with PIT tagging, we suggest the use of toe clipping with anurans like the blacksmith tree frog.
Heterologous expression and characterization of human cellular glutathione peroxidase mutants
Authors: Guo Xiao , Yu Yang , Liu Xixi , Zhang Yinlong , Guan Tuchen , Xie Guiqiu , Wei Jingyan 
Published: March 2014

AbstractCellular glutathione peroxidase (GPx1; EC1.11.1.9) is a major intracellular antioxidant selenoenzyme in mammals. However, the complicated expression mechanism of selenocysteine (Sec)‐containing protein increases the difficulty of expressing human GPx1 (hGPx1) in Escherichia coli (E. coli). In this study, hGPx1 gene was cloned from a cDNA library of the human hepatoma cell line HepG2. The codon UGA encoding Sec49 of hGPx1 was first mutated to UGC encoding cysteine (Cys) and then biosynthetically converted to Sec during expression in an E. coli BL21(DE3)cys auxotrophic system. Seleno‐GPx1Sec displayed a low GPx activity of 522 U/μmol. To improve the activity, the other five Cys residues (C2, C78, C115, C156, C202) were mutated to serine (Ser) in one hGPx1 molecule. The mutant seleno‐hGPx1Ser showed a high activity of 5278 U/μmol, which was more than 10‐fold enhanced as compared with seleno‐GPx1Sec. The activity was the highest among all of those seleno‐proteins obtained by this method so far. Kinetic analysis of seleno‐hGPx1Ser showed a typical ping‐pong mechanism, which was similar to those of natural GPxs. This research will be of value in overcoming the problem of limited sources of natural GPx and substantially promotes the research of the characterization of GPx. © 2014 IUBMB Life, 66(3):212–219, 2014
Facile cell sheet manipulation and transplantation by using in situ gelation method
Authors: Akimoto Jun , Arauchi Ayumi , Nakayama Masamichi , Kanaya Ryo , Iwase Yuko , Takagi Soichi , Yamato Masayuki , Okano Teruo 
Published: March 2014

AbstractCell sheets harvested from temperature‐responsive cell culture dishes (TRDs) has attracted considerable attention as effective tools for reconstructing the lost functions of tissues and organs in the regenerative medicine field. However, because of their thinness, handling problems sometimes arise when transferring cell sheets from a TRD to a target surface. In this study, we developed a facile cell transfer method referred to as in situ gelation by using both gelatin hydrogel and a support membrane. Gelation and low‐temperature processes were simultaneously performed on TRD. Confluent cultured cells were efficiently harvested from TRD in less than 5 min by decreasing the incubation temperature to 20°C. Harvested cells were found to maintain their cell viability, extracellular matrix, and original shape, thus allowing transfer of the cells to another surface with a short incubation time at 37°C. This method is applicable for various cell types regardless of the formation of tight cell‐cell junctions. In addition, because of the high flexibility of the gelatin‐coated membrane, cells were efficiently transferred to the surface of a mouse subcutis and liver. When compared with conventional cell sheet manipulation methods, the interaction between the cell surface and membrane was reinforced by the uniformly formed gelatin gel layer without using a special device. Therefore, the in situ gelation method is a promising technique for cell sheet‐based tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 102B: 1659–1668, 2014.
Enhanced AlN nanostructures for pyroelectric sensors
Authors: Crisman E. , Drehman A. , Miller R. , Osinsky A. , Volovik D. , Vasilyev V. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractMeasurements of the pyroelectric coefficient and pyroelectric voltage response of polycrystalline AlN films are presented. The results were used to calculate pyroelectric detectivity figures of merit in order to compare potential AlN pyroelectric sensor performance to other pyroelectric materials such as epitaxial AlN, PbSc0.5Ta0.5O3, and Ba0.65Sr0.35TiO3 films. We observed substantial enhancement (∼5x) of pyroelectric coefficient and pyroelectric figure of merit in polycrystalline multi‐oriented AlN films when compared to epitaxial monocrystalline AlN films. A mechanism of such augmentation in polycrystalline AlN films is proposed and discussed. Despite the relatively small absolute value of pyroelectric coefficient, AlN presents pyroelectric detectivity figure of merit near the same magnitude as commonly used pyroelectric materials because of its relatively low dielectric constant. The low dielectric constant enables high speed sensor operation >MHz. The results of these studies are suggesting even higher pyroelectric response might be obtainable for the polycrystalline thin film AlN structures. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
MBE growth and characterization of ZnTe epilayers on m‐plane sapphire substrates
Authors: Nakasu Taizo , Sun Wei‐Che , Yamashita Sotaro , Aiba Takayuki , Taguri Kosuke , Kobayashi Masakazu , Asahi Toshiaki , Togo Hiroyoshi 
Published: March 2014

AbstractZnTe epilayers were grown on transparent (10‐10) oriented (m ‐plane) sapphire substrates by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Pole figure imaging was used to study the domain distribution within the layer. (211)‐oriented ZnTe domains were formed on m ‐plane sapphire. The presence of only one kind of (211) ZnTe domain formed on the 2°‐tilted m ‐plane sapphire substrates was confirmed. Thus, single domain (211) ZnTe epilayers can be grown on the m ‐plane sapphire using MBE. Although differences in the crystal structure and lattice mismatch are large, precise control of the substrate surface lattice arrangement result in the formation of high‐quality epitaxial layers. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Genetic Counseling Practice in Next Generation Sequencing Research: Implications for the Ethical Oversight of the Informed Consent Process
Authors: Egalite Nathalie , Groisman Iris Jaitovich , Godard Beatrice 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe potential for next generation sequencing research (NGS) to generate individual genetic results could have implications for the informed consent process and the provision of genetic counseling. We undertook a content analysis of informed consent templates and guidelines produced by Canadian institutional review boards, purposively sampling documents used by researchers to obtain consent from participants in genetics studies. Our goal was to examine the extent to which the informed consent documents addressed genetic counseling and the return of individual genetic results. Our analysis reveals that the majority of informed consent documents did not mention genetic counseling while several did not mention the return of results. We found differences in the ways in which documents addressed availability of counseling, eligibility criteria for referral to a genetic counselor, genetic counselor involvement, provision of services to family members of participants and incidental findings. From an ethical standpoint, consent documents should provide appropriate information so that participants may make an informed decision about their participation in research. The need to ensure adequate counseling for study populations in an NGS research context will necessarily involve adapting values that underlie care in genetic counseling practice. If the interests of research participants are to be truly promoted, the drafting and review of informed consent documents should give proper due to genetic counseling.
Metabolic Conversion of C20 Polymethylene‐Interrupted Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids to Essential Fatty Acids
Authors: Tanaka Tamotsu , Uozumi Sachika , Morito Katsuya , Osumi Takashi , Tokumura Akira 
Published: March 2014

AbstractPolymethylene‐interrupted (PMI)‐polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are fatty acids present largely in gymnosperm. Sciadonic acid (SciA, 20:3 Δ‐5,11,14) and juniperonic acid (JA, 20:4 Δ‐5,11,14,17) are typical C20 PMI‐PUFA with an isolated double bond at Δ5. Previously, we found that SciA and JA are converted to linoleic acid (LNA) and α‐linolenic acid (ΑLA), respectively. The conversion process includes chain‐shortening step by peroxisomal β‐oxidation for elimination a double bond at Δ5, and subsequent chain‐elongation step in microsomes. In this study, we examined the substrate specificity of this metabolism in rodent and human cells. Supplementation of SciA, eicosadienoic acid (EDA, 20:2 Δ‐11,14) or JA to CHO‐K1 cells (wild type) induced an accumulation of LNA, LNA or ALA, respectively, in cellular lipids. These changes were not observed in the peroxisomes‐deficient CHO cells, indicating involvement of peroxisomes in the metabolism. Two types of human cells (MKN74 and HepG2) also converted the C20 PMI‐PUFA and EDA to the respective essential fatty acids. In contrast, no chain‐shortened metabolite of pinolenic acid (18:3 Δ‐5,9,12) was detected in any cell lines tested. From these results, C20 PMI‐PUFA and EDA, but not C18 PMI‐PUFA, are suggested as being effectively converted to essential fatty acids by the fatty acid remodeling system in rodent and human cells.
Measurement of the bystander intervention model for bullying and sexual harassment
Authors: Nickerson Amanda B. , Aloe Ariel M. , Livingston Jennifer A. , Feeley Thomas Hugh 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTAlthough peer bystanders can exacerbate or prevent bullying and sexual harassment, research has been hindered by the absence of a validated assessment tool to measure the process and sequential steps of the bystander intervention model. A measure was developed based on the five steps of Latané and Darley’s (1970) bystander intervention model applied to bullying and sexual harassment. Confirmatory factor analysis with a sample of 562 secondary school students confirmed the five‐factor structure of the measure. Structural equation modeling revealed that all the steps were influenced by the previous step in the model, as the theory proposed. In addition, the bystander intervention measure was positively correlated with empathy, attitudes toward bullying and sexual harassment, and awareness of bullying and sexual harassment facts. This measure can be used for future research and to inform intervention efforts related to the process of bystander intervention for bullying and sexual harassment.
Multi‐marker analysis of circulating cell‐free DNA toward personalized medicine for colorectal cancer
Authors: Mouliere Florent , El Messaoudi Safia , Pang Dalong , Dritschilo Anatoly , Thierry Alain R. 
Published: March 2014

Development of a Q‐PCR‐based assay for the high‐performance analysis of circulating cell‐free DNA (ccfDNA) requires good knowledge of its structure and size.In this work, we present the first visual determination of ccfDNA by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) on plasma samples from colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and healthy donors. In addition to the examination of fragment size distribution profile as performed by Q‐PCR, this analysis confirms that ccfDNA is highly fragmented and that more than 80% of ccfDNA fragments in CRC plasma are below 145 bp. We adapted an Allele‐Specific Blocker (ASB) Q‐PCR to small ccfDNA fragments to determine simultaneously the total ccfDNA concentration, the presence of point mutation, the proportion of mutated allele, and a ccfDNA integrity index. The data validated analytically these four parameters in 124 CRC clinical samples and 71 healthy individuals. The multi‐marker method, termed Intplex, enables sensitive and specific non‐invasive analysis of tumor ccfDNA, which has great potential in terms of cost, quality control, and easy implementation in every clinical center laboratory.
Violent expiratory events: on coughing and sneezing
Authors: Bourouiba Lydia , Dehandschoewercker Eline , Bush John W. M. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractViolent respiratory events such as coughs and sneezes play a key role in transferring respiratory diseases between infectious and susceptible individuals. We present the results of a combined experimental and theoretical investigation of the fluid dynamics of such violent expiratory events. Direct observation of sneezing and coughing events reveals that such flows are multiphase turbulent buoyant clouds with suspended droplets of various sizes. Our observations guide the development of an accompanying theoretical model of pathogen-bearing droplets interacting with a turbulent buoyant momentum puff. We develop in turn discrete and continuous models of droplet fallout from the cloud in order to predict the range of pathogens. According to the discrete fallout model droplets remain suspended in the cloud until their settling speed matches that of the decelerating cloud. A continuous fallout model is developed by adapting models of sedimentation from turbulent fluids. The predictions of our theoretical models are tested against data gathered from a series of analogue experiments in which a particle-laden cloud is ejected into a relatively dense ambient. Our study highlights the importance of the multiphase nature of respiratory clouds, specifically the suspension of the smallest drops by circulation within the cloud, in extending the range of respiratory pathogens.