bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Valtrate Suppresses TNFSF14-Mediated Arrhythmia After Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion by Inducing N-linked Glycosylation of LTβR to Regulate MGA/MAX/c-Myc/Cx43
Authors: Zhang Jing , Xiong Xiaoqi , Li Jun , Luo Changjun , Su Qiang , Hao Xin , Wu Qiang , Huang Wanzhong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract:
Myocardial ischemia–reperfusion (MIR)-induced arrhythmia remains a major cause of death in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The reduction of Cx43 has been known as a major inducer of arrhythmias after MIR, but the reason for the reduction of Cx43 remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to find the key mechanism underlying the reduction of Cx43 after MIR and to screen out an herbal extract to attenuate arrhythmia after MIR. The differentially expressed genes in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMCs) after MIR were analyzed using the data from several gene expression omnibus data sets, followed by the identification in PBMCs and the serum of patients with myocardial infarction. Tumor necrosis factor superfamily protein 14 (TNFSF14) was increased in PBMCs and the serum of patients, which might be associated with the injury after MIR. The toxic effects of TNFSF14 on cardiomyocytes were investigated in vitro. Valtrate was screened out from several herbal extracts. Its protection against TNFSF14-induced injury was evaluated in cardiomyocytes and animal models with MIR. Recombinant TNFSF14 protein not only suppressed the viability of cardiomyocytes but also decreased Cx43 by stimulating the receptor LTβR. LTβR induces the competitive binding of MAX to MGA rather than the transcriptional factor c-Myc, thereby suppressing c-Myc–mediated transcription of Cx43. Valtrate promoted the N-linked glycosylation modification of LTβR, which reversed TNFSF14-induced reduction of Cx43 and attenuated arrhythmia after MIR. In all, valtrate suppresses TNFSF14-induced reduction of Cx43, thereby attenuating arrhythmia after MIR.
Dynamic Changes in Segmented Neutrophil-to-Monocyte Ratio in Trauma Patients with Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Huang Ching-Ya , Hsu Shiun-Yuan , Tsai Ching-Hua , Su Wei-Ti , Lin Ko-Chien , Hsieh Ching-Hua 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Stress-induced hyperglycemia (SIH) is commonly observed in patients with trauma and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The segmented neutrophil-to-monocyte ratio (SeMo) serves as a biomarker of inflammation and potentially reflects the severity of the stress response to trauma. This study investigated the relationships between SIH, dynamic changes in SeMo, and patient outcomes in a trauma intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted using data from adult patients with trauma admitted to a Level I trauma center in Southern Taiwan over 13 years. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of SIH or non-diabetic normoglycemia (NDN). The dynamic SeMo was calculated as the difference in the SeMo from admission to 48-72 hours after admission. Outcomes were compared using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and Student's t-tests.

Results
Of the 1,030 included patients, those with SIH had a significantly higher SeMo (20.3 vs. 15.2, P = 0.001) and a greater change in dynamic SeMo (1.2 vs. -4.0, P = 0.017) than those with NDN. Among patients with SIH, the deceased group had a higher SeMo (26.4 vs. 18.4, P = 0.022), but there was no difference in dynamic SeMo among the survivors. In the overall cohort and the NDN subgroups, dynamic SeMo was not associated with mortality. However, factors such as older age, lower Glasgow Coma Scale score, higher Injury Severity Score, and presence of end-stage renal disease were more strongly associated with increased mortality.

Conclusion
In patients with trauma in ICU, SIH was linked to an increased SeMo and greater changes in dynamic SeMo; however, these changes did not directly predict mortality. It is important to note that an elevated SeMo may be observed in patients with SIH, but not in patients with NDN. This finding should be considered to avoid unnecessary therapies.
Aesthetic and Functional Reconstruction of Periorbital Region Using Radial Forearm Free Flap
Authors: Chaiyasate Kongkrit , Abdul-hamed Senan , Lohasammakul Suphalerk 
Published: July 2024

Background:
This study describes the utilization of the radial forearm free flap (RFFF) for the restoration of severe soft tissue deficiency involving the upper and lower eyelids in three patients.

Methods:
This study is a retrospective review of the senior authors’ clinical records for patients who presented with periorbital defect and underwent reconstruction with RFFF between 2018 and 2022.

Results:
As a part of a comprehensive reconstructive surgery, we used the RFFF to deliver an ample amount of well-vascularized soft tissue. The flap’s vessels were anastomosed to the ipsilateral facial vessels in all cases. Patients showed significant functional improvement, with complete eyelid closure achieved. No immediate postoperative complications were noted.

Conclusions:
RFFF demonstrated optimal outcomes in upper eyelid reconstruction.
TSG-6 Is Involved in Fibrous Structural Remodeling after the Injection of Adipose-derived Stem Cells
Authors: Kiuchi Satomi , Lopes Tiago J.S. , Oishi Takaya , Cho Yuki , Ochiai Hiroko , Gomi Takamasa 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Although aesthetic treatments can rejuvenate the skin, they often cause specific forms of tissue damage. Unlike wounding, which typically results in fibrotic scar tissue, damage from aesthetic treatments induces a distinct histological rejuvenation. The mechanisms that drive this rejuvenation are not yet fully understood. Here, we were interested in cellular responses following aesthetic treatments injecting adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) subcutaneously. Through investigation with an ex vivo experimental model, a key gene was identified that orchestrates fibrous structural changes and tissue remodeling.

Methods:
Using fresh human subcutaneous adipose tissue co-cultured with ASCs, the changes in the fibrous architecture of the tissue were sequentially mapped. The key regulatory genes involved in remodeling were identified using gene expression and computational analyses.

Results:
We identified the regulatory elements that are crucial for tissue remodeling. Among those, we found that tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6) is a paracrine mediator essential for the collagen activity. It not only alleviates tissue inflammation but also promotes collagen replacement ex vivo. This is primarily achieved by inhibiting the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps, which are known to promote fibrosis.

Conclusions:
TSG-6 is a key factor modulating tissue inflammation. As our results demonstrate, after ASCs treatment, this factor directs skin healing away from fibrosis by reducing neutrophil extracellular trap formation in subcutaneous adipose tissue and promotes fibrous rejuvenation.
Does Soaking Fresh Frozen Costal Cartilage in an Antibiotic Solution Reduce Postoperative Infection in Rhinoplasty?
Authors: Datta Shaishav , Mattos David , Hanna Steven A. , Reish Richard G. 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Fresh frozen costal cartilage (FFCC), from the Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation (MTF), has recently gained popularity for use in revision rhinoplasty or primary rhinoplasty when there is a paucity of autologous cartilage. However, there are currently no guidelines related to the use of intraoperative antibiotic soaking to reduce postoperative infection rates when using MTF FFCC. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intraoperative antibiotic soaks in reducing surgical site infection rate when using MTF FFCC grafts in rhinoplasty.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review of patients who underwent rhinoplasty with the use of MTF FFCC in the senior author’s practice was conducted between May 2017 and June 2022. The inclusion criteria were rhinoplasty cases using MTF FFCC with minimum of 12 months of follow-up. Fisher exact test was conducted to determine significance in rates of postoperative infection for patients who underwent rhinoplasty with the use of MTF FFCC with (1) intraoperative antibiotic solution soak versus (2) no antibiotic solution soak.

Results:
A total of 310 patients were included and separated into two cohorts, MTF FFCC intraoperative antibiotic solution soak (n = 200) and no antibiotic solution soak (n = 110). There were a total of four (1.3%) cases of infection, all in the antibiotic soak group. There was no statistically significant difference between the rate of infection in the two cohorts (P = 0.301).

Conclusion:
Our retrospective cohort study demonstrates that soaking MTF FFCC in an antibiotic solution intraoperatively does not reduce postoperative infection rates in rhinoplasty.
Updates to the Physiologic Mechanism, Anatomical Sites, and Diagnostic Utility of the Scratch Collapse Test: A Systematic Review
Authors: Faszholz Alicia M , Cheng Jonathan 
Published: July 2024

Background:
The scratch collapse test (SCT) has gained popularity as a physical examination technique for diagnosing compression neuropathy. This systematic review aims to assess the reliability of the SCT as a diagnostic tool for compression neuropathy, as well as to propose the underlying physiological mechanisms involved. Specific criteria was developed to broaden the potential anatomical applications of the SCT.

Methods:
A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Eleven articles meeting predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria were selected for numerical analysis, which yielded sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy values.

Results:
In total, 890 patients with carpal tunnel syndrome were reported in 10 studies. The mean (±SD) sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy were 0.442 ± 0.272, 0.788 ± 0.163, 0.834 ± 0.143, 0.433 ± 0.297, and 48.8% (range, 31%–82%), respectively. Of the studies that provided interrater reliability (κ), the mean was 0.544 ± 0.441, indicating moderate agreement. A total of 121 patients with cubital tunnel syndrome were reported in three studies, with a mean (±SD) sensitivity and specificity of 0.635 ± 0.367 and 0.945 ± 0.06, respectively. Twenty-four patients with peroneal nerve compression, reported in one study, had sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of 0.77, 0.99, 0.95, 0.92, and 93%, respectively.

Conclusions:
Current literature indicates that the SCT can serve as a provocative test to assist in diagnosing compression neuropathy. Nevertheless, the heterogeneity of reported values underscores the necessity for further investigation aimed at enhancing the objectivity of SCT, thus improving interrater reliability and minimizing potential bias.
EXPLORING THE CHALLENGES OF DISTINGUISHING PUNCTATE INNER CHOROIDOPATHY FROM MULTIFOCAL CHOROIDITIS AND PANUVEITIS
Authors: Park Hyo Song , Kang Hyun Goo , Kim Yong Joon , Choi Eun Young , Lee Junwon , Byeon Suk Ho , Kim Sung Soo , Lee Christopher Seungkyu 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
This retrospective case series aimed to assess the concordance between clinical diagnoses of punctate inner choroidopathy and multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis (MCP) using the 2021 Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature Working Group criteria.

Methods:
Using the medical records of the patients, the authors reevaluated 100 eyes of 75 patients with idiopathic multifocal chorioretinal inflammatory lesions based on Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature criteria and compared the result with the clinical diagnosis.

Results:
Of 100 eyes, 29 eyes (29%) were diagnosed as punctate inner choroidopathy and 15 eyes (15%) were diagnosed as MCP using Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature criteria, and 56 (56%) eyes could not be diagnosed as either. Clinically diagnosed punctate inner choroidopathy eyes were significantly more myopic than the clinically diagnosed MCP eyes (mean spherical equivalent −6.65 ± 4.63 vs. −3.85 ± 2.31, P = 0.01). Sixteen eyes with vitreous inflammation were all clinically diagnosed as MCP, but four (25%) could not be diagnosed as MCP using Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature criteria.

Conclusion:
The existing diagnostic criteria showed limitations in capturing all clinical cases of punctate inner choroidopathy or MCP, and adding or revising criteria on features such as vitreous inflammation or myopia could be considered to enhance diagnostic accuracy.
Bilateral Central serous chorioretinopathy in a case of surgically treated Optic Disc Pit maculopathy
Authors: Kala Urvashi , Sen Ahana , Majumdar Bristi , Shambhawi Pragya , Juneja Aarzoo , Divya N Sai , Chowdhury Ruchira , Saurabh Kumar , Roy Rupak 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
To report occurrence of central serous chorioretinopathy(CSCR) which mimicked recurrence of ODP maculopathy in a young adult in whom surgery for the same had been done.

Methods:
Clinical fundus examination and multimodal imaging which included optical coherence tomography(OCT) and fundus autofluorescence(FFA) was done

Results:
Patient had undergone surgery for ODP maculopathy. At 1 year follow up, there was recurrence of subretinal fluid at the macula. Fundus fluorescein angiography was done and the presence of ink blot pattern leakage clinched the diagnosis of CSCR, ruling out ODP maculopathy.

Conclusion:
CSCR is a great masquerade and correct diagnosis is very important to prevent permanent visual impairment. Subretinal fluid(SRF) associated with ODP must be examined carefully to rule out other pathologies like CSCR. Serous macular detachment after surgery for ODP maculopathy has been done, does not necessarily mean recurrence of the maculopathy. Other pathologies like CSCR should be ruled out. This case highlights the importance of multimodal imaging along with clinical signs in correct diagnosis and treatment of conditions with overlapping features like CSCR and ODP maculopathy.
The effect of intrathecal pethidine on post-spinal anesthesia shivering after cesarean section: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Afzal Muhammad , Lee Amber , Asad Muhammad , Ali Alya , Farrukh Ameer Mustafa , Semakieh Bader , Levin-Carrion Yaxel , Shah Shah Rukh , Khan Qaisar Ali 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Spinal anesthesia is the most preferred method for cesarean section (C-section). This meta-analysis was performed to determine the effect of low and high intrathecal doses of pethidine on the maternal outcomes after C-section.

Methods:
A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar was performed. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed to derive odds ratios (ORs) from dichotomous data.

Results:
Seventeen randomized controlled trials with 1304 C-section patients were included. Patients who had received intrathecal pethidine experienced decreased shivering and intensity of shivering (OR 0.13; P<0.001) and (OR 0.21; P<0.001), respectively. Moreover, vomiting (OR 2.47; P=0.002) and pruritus (OR 5.92; P<0.001) were significantly higher in the pethidine group. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of nausea (OR 2.55; P=0.06) and hypotension (OR 0.91; P=0.67).

Conclusions:
Intrathecal pethidine can effectively decrease shivering, although it increases the risk of vomiting and pruritus. No significant difference was found both in the maternal hypotension and nausea.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Rehabilitation for Chronic Stroke: Characterizing Responders
Authors: Beovich Alexa , Boose Jessica , Patel Rachana , Wolf Steven L. 
Published: July 2024

Background and purpose:
Implantable vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) paired with volitional upper extremity rehabilitation can improve impairment and function among moderately to severely impaired, chronic stroke survivors. This study is a retrospective analysis of the in-clinic rehabilitation phase of the blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized pivotal VNS-REHAB trial to determine whether dosing parameters during in-clinic paired VNS therapy were associated with responder status and whether covariates might impact that determination.

Methods:
Data were limited to 53 participants in the active VNS group who had received VNS implants prior to undergoing 6 weeks of in-clinic rehabilitation paired with VNS. Tasks were standardized across all participants. Dosing parameters included number of stimulations and task time. The primary outcome was the Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity Assessment (FMA-UE), evaluated at the end of 6 weeks (Post-1). Participants were classified a priori as responders based on an improvement of ≥6 points on the FMA-UE from baseline to Post-1.

Results:
Dosing parameters were not associated with FMA-UE responder status at the end of 6 weeks. Covariates including age, gender, paretic hand, baseline severity, and chronicity of stroke were also not significant associations of response.

Discussion and Conclusions:
While responders to VNS could be defined, therapy dosing and participant attributes did not provide greater specification for association of responder status. Limitations of this study include small sample size and non-linearity of the FMA-UE. Future studies will include reassessing responder categorization using more linear scales and examining stroke lesion characteristics to determine whether these measures are more sensitive to dosing parameters.

Video Abstract available
for more insights from the authors (see the Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink).
Risk Factors of Lymph Node Metastasis and Prognosis in 891 Chinese Patients With Submucosal Early Gastric Carcinoma, Emphasizing Differences Between Gastric Cardiac and Noncardiac Origins
Authors: Cheng Yuqing , Du Mingzhan , Wang Yaohui , Li Ting , He Chongfang , Zhou Xiaoli , Lin Min , Huang Qin 
Published: July 2024

Differences in risk factors (RF) of lymph node metastasis (LNM) and prognosis between submucosal early gastric cardiac (SEGCC) and noncardiac (SEGNCC) carcinomas remain unclear. In this study, we investigated and compared RF of LNM and prognosis in 891 patients with radical gastrectomy for SEGCC (n=217) or SEGNCC (n=674). Compared with SEGNCC, SEGCC displayed significantly higher proportion of elderly patients (70 y or above), the elevated macroscopic type, well/moderately differentiated tubular and low-grade papillary adenocarcinomas, as well as low-grade tumor budding, but lower prevalence of the depressed macroscopic type, poorly differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, mixed adenocarcinoma, poorly cohesive carcinoma, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), perineural invasion, and high-grade tumor budding. By univariate analysis, significant RF for LNM of the cohort included female sex, poor differentiation, SM2 invasion, LVI, intermediate-grade and high-grade tumor budding, whereas tumor size, histology type, and perineural invasion were the significant RF for LNM in SEGNCC. By multivariate analysis, significant independent RF for LNM included female sex and LVI in SEGCC but were female sex, mixed adenocarcinoma, LVI, and high-grade tumor budding in SEGNCC. The 5-year overall survival was significantly worse in SEGCC than in SEGNCC for patients with LNM, but not for those without. For overall survival, LNM was the only significant independent RF in SEGCC, whereas age 70 years or above and LNM were independent RF in SEGNCC. The results of our study provided the clinicopathologic evidence for individualized clinical management strategies for these 2 groups of patients and suggested different pathogenesis mechanisms between SEGCC and SEGNCC.
The Optimal Effective Dose of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes in Wound Healing
Authors: Kemaloğlu Cemal Alper , Dursun Ece Nur , Yay Arzu Hanım , Gökdemir Nur Seda , Mat Özge Cengiz , Gönen Zeynep Burçin 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Although the effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (ADSC-exos) on wound healing with different doses are shown in various studies, efficient and sufficient doses of ADSC-exos are still unknown. The study aimed to determine the optimal dose of ADSC-exos in wound healing.

Methods
The 45 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups, with seven animals in each. After dorsal circular defects were created, each wound was injected as follows: group 1: saline, group 2: 10 μg/mL of ADSC-exos, group 3: 100 μg/mL of ADSC-exos, group 4: 200 μg/mL of ADSC-exos, and group 5: 400 μg/mL of ADSC-exos. The effects of ADSC-exos on epithelization, angiogenesis, and collagen formation were analyzed macroscopically, histopathologically, and immunohistochemically on day 14.

Results
A total of 200 μg/mL and 400 μg/mL ADSC-exos groups had higher epithelial tongue length, epithelial tongue area, and angiogenesis scores than the other groups. Although there was no statistical difference in fibrosis scores among groups, collagen fibers were becoming well-organized as the ADSC-exos doses increased. While the wound area was clinically smaller in the 200 μg/mL ADSC-exos group, there was no statistically significant difference among groups on day 14.

Conclusions
A total of 200 μg/mL of ADSC-exos was found to be the adequate and effective dose for re-epithelialization and angiogenesis in cutaneous wound healing. Moreover, the collagen density increased with a more regular pattern in the 200 μg/mL group, which can be important in scar regulation.
Stochastic Modeling of Intra- and Inter-Hospital Transmission in Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Outbreak
Authors: Ko Youngsuk , Lee Jacob , Jung Eunok 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMiddle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is an endemic disease that presents a significant global health challenge characterized by a high risk of transmission within healthcare settings. Understanding both intra- and inter-hospital spread of MERS is crucial for effective disease control and prevention. This study utilized stochastic modeling simulations to capture inherent randomness and unpredictability in disease transmission. This approach provides a comprehensive understanding of potential future MERS outbreaks under various scenarios in Korea.Our simulation results revealed a broad distribution of case number, with a mean of 70 and a credible interval of [0, 315]. Additionally, we assessed the risks associated with delayed outbreak detection and investigated the preventive impact of mask mandates within hospitals. Our findings emphasized the critical role of early detection and the implementation of preventive measures in curbing the spread of infectious diseases. Specifically, even under the worst-case scenario of late detection, if mask mandates achieve a reduction effect exceeding 55%, the peak number of isolated cases would remain below 50.The findings derived from this study offer valuable guidance for policy decisions and healthcare practices, ultimately contributing to the mitigation of future outbreaks. Our research underscores the critical role of mathematical modeling in comprehending and predicting disease dynamics, thereby enhancing ongoing efforts to prepare for and respond to MERS or other comparable infectious diseases.Author summaryIn our study, we used stochastic modeling simulations to understand the potential future outbreaks of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in Korea. Our simulations revealed a wide range of possible case numbers, emphasizing the unpredictable nature of disease transmission. We found that early detection of an outbreak and the implementation of preventive measures, such as mask mandates in hospitals, play a critical role in controlling the spread of infectious diseases. Even in the worst-case scenario of late detection, if masks are mandated and achieve a reduction effect exceeding 55%, the peak number of isolated cases would remain below 50. Our research highlights the importance of mathematical modeling in understanding and predicting disease dynamics, providing valuable insights for policy decisions and healthcare practices. This work contributes to the ongoing efforts to prepare for and respond to MERS or other similar infectious diseases.