bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does environmental regulation matter for healthcare utilisation in China? An interrupted time series study
Authors: He Wen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn recent years, China has implemented a series of environmental regulation policies to improve air quality, but the health effects of these policy changes need to be accurately clarified and quantified. The objective of this study was to empirically examine the effects of levying construction dust pollution fees on healthcare utilisation in a southern city of China. The study used a unique administrative insurance claim dataset from the city's Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance scheme between 2013 and 2015. The sample included 69,961 enrolees. An interrupted time series design was employed to investigate whether and how the healthcare utilisation of enrolees changed after the policy change. The results showed that this environmental regulation policy did not affect the inpatient utilisation of enrolees but did negatively impact outpatient utilisation. In addition, outpatient utilisation of chronic disease coverage decreased for patients with chronic diseases, including diabetes and hypertension. This study provides evidence that enhancing environmental regulations helps reduce medical costs, which can benefit China and other developing countries to improve environmental quality and promote public health.
A randomized controlled trial of povidone‐iodine application after skin closure for prevention of surgical site infection in emergency cesarean section
Authors: Thaisriwong Chantakarn , Chaithongwongwatthana Surasith 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the effectiveness of povidone‐iodine application after skin closure to prevent surgical site infection after an emergency cesarean section and to assess risk factors associated with surgical site infection.MethodsA randomized controlled trial enrolled 352 pregnant women who required emergency cesarean delivery at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, from August 2018 to March 2019. Participants were randomly assigned to receive the povidone‐iodine application at the incision after skin closure (n = 176) or without application (n = 176). Thirty‐day surveillance of complications and adverse effects was performed. The primary outcome was the incidence of surgical site infection, which was compared between groups using the chi‐squared test. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of the factors associated with surgical site infection were determined by logistic regression analysis.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the incidence of surgical site infection and adverse effects between the povidone‐iodine and control groups (9.5% vs 7.1%, P = 0.430). The significant factor associated with surgical site infection was a long interval (≥60 min) from the administration of prophylactic antibiotics to the incision (adjusted OR 4.06, 95% CI 1.49–11.03).ConclusionThe application of povidone‐iodine after skin closure in an emergency cesarean section did not have the advantage of reducing the incidence of surgical site infection.Clinical Trial RegistrationThis study was registered in TCTR registry on March 10, 2018 with trial identification number: TCTR20180310002 (https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR20180310002). The first participant was recruited on August 2, 2018.
Locality‐based social media: The impact of content consumption and creation on perceived neighborhood crime, safety, and offline crime prevention
Authors: Zahnow Renee , Smith Naomi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLocality‐based social media (LBSM) allow members of the community to exchange news, connect with local people, and raise awareness of problems such as crime. This study aims to better understand the influence of LBSM on perceptions of community crime, safety, and crime prevention. Drawing on survey data from 1000 Australians, we assess the extent to which frequency of exposure to crime on LBSM and intensity of engagement on LBSM influence perceptions of crime, safety, and offline crime prevention behaviors. LBSM content creators perceive less crime and feel safer compared to individuals who only consume content on LBSM. Creators of content are also more likely than consumers to engage in offline crime prevention action. Our findings highlight the need to encourage more balanced engagement across all members of community social media. Smaller groups that contain only local residents may be best suited to achieve this outcome.
Photoactivated rose bengal‐doped TiO2 nanoparticles modified fifth‐generation adhesive on the survival rate of Streptococcus mutants and mechanical properties of tooth‐colored restorative material to carious dentin
Authors: Alanazi Amer M. , Khan Azmat Ali , Siddiqui Yusra Tus Saleha , Leemani Manisha Jagdesh , Shabbir Tooba , Ali Sadia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAssessment of the antimicrobial, micro tensile bond strength (μTBS), and degree of conversion (DC) of fifth‐generation adhesive modified using photoactivated 0.5% rose bengal (RB) and photoactivated RB‐doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) in different concentrations (2% and 5%) as compared with the unmodified adhesive bonded to the carious affected dentin (CAD). Forty mandibular molars with caries progression up to the middle third of the dentin, as per the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) score of 4 and 5 were included. Specimens were divided into four groups based on etch and rinse adhesive (ERA) modification group 1: unmodified ERA, group 2: photoactivated 0.5% RB photosensitizer (PS) modified ERA, group 3: photoactivated RB‐doped 2 wt% TiO2NPs adhesive, group 4: photoactivated RB‐doped 5 wt% TiO2NPs adhesive. Followed by adhesive and composite restoration on the CAD surface. All the specimens were thermocycled and an assessment of μTBS and failure pattern analysis was performed. The antibacterial potency of RB and RB‐doped TiO2NPs (2% and 5%) followed by their activation using visible light against Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans) were tested. The survival rate of S.mutans was assessed using the Kruskal–Wallis test. The analysis of μTBS involved the use of ANOVA, followed by a post‐hoc Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) multiple comparisons test. Group 1 (Unmodified ERA) (0.52 ± 0.31 CFU/mL) treated samples unveiled the highest means of bacterial survival and lowest μTBS (11.32 ± 0.63 MPa). Nevertheless, group 4: photoactivated RB‐doped 5 wt% TiO2NPs adhesive displayed the lowest outcomes of S.mutans survival (0.11 ± 0.02 CFU/mL) and highest bond strength (18.76 ± 1.45 MPa). The photoactivated RB‐doped 2 wt% TiO2NPs in adhesive demonstrated promising enhancements in both μTBS and antibacterial efficacy against S.mutans. However, it is noteworthy that this modification led to a decrease in the DC of the adhesive.Research Highlights
Unmodified ERA‐treated samples unveiled the highest bacterial survival and the lowest μTBS.
Photoactivated RB‐doped 5 wt% TiO2NPs adhesive displayed the lowest S.mutans survival rate and highest bond strength.
DC decreased with an increase in concentration of TiO2.
Clinical impact of pancreatic invasion in T1‐stage distal bile duct cancer and prognostic factors associated with long‐term survival: A multicenter study
Authors: Jeon Ye Won , Kang Chang Moo , Yoon Yoo‐Seok , Kwon Wooil , Han Sung‐Sik , Park Yejong , Kwak Bong Jun , Lee Woohyung , Song Ki Byung , Lee Jae Hoon , Kim Song Cheol , Shin Sang Hyun , Hwang Dae Wook 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground/PurposeThe eighth edition of the AJCC staging system introduced a shift in the staging of distal bile duct cancer (DBC), emphasizing the depth of invasion over adjacent organ invasion. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical impact of pancreatic invasion in pT1‐stage DBC and identify prognostic factors for long‐term survival.MethodsThis multicenter retrospective analysis encompassed DBC patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy between 2009 and 2019 in six Korean tertiary centers, specifically those with final pathology confirming AJCC eighth edition T1 stage and intrapancreatic bile duct tumor origin. Primary endpoints were five‐year recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Secondary objectives included the identification of prognostic determinants.ResultsThis study involved 287 patients, comprising 190 without and 97 with pancreatic invasion. Pancreatic invasion did not significantly influence five‐year OS and RFS rates (OS: without pancreatic invasion 69.9% vs. with pancreatic invasion 54.1%, p = .25; RFS: 56.3% vs. 55.4%, p = .97). Multivariate analysis highlighted male gender, age, lymphovascular invasion, and N stage as significant OS determinants. Notably, male gender, ampulla of Vater invasion, lymphovascular invasion, and N1 stage were also associated with RFS.ConclusionsIn pT1 DBC, pancreatic invasion demonstrates no substantial impact on long‐term prognosis, in accordance with the depth‐based paradigm of the eighth edition AJCC staging system. The prognostic factors influencing OS were identified as male gender, age, lymphovascular invasion, and nodal metastasis.
Professional opportunities, gender obstacles, and narrowed progression: The case of the first Social Science Research Council female fellows (1925–1934)
Authors: Linos Marie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBetween the years 1925 and 1934, the Social Science Research Council (SSRC) awarded 198 postdoctoral research fellowships to early‐career social scientists, among which 29 were awarded to women. This article, which is based on the SSRC directory and Rockefeller institutions' records, examines the professional paths of these female fellows to shed light on the presence of women in the social sciences and to probe the peculiarities of their professional trajectories. The SSRC fellowships represented a significant professional prospect for brilliant young female graduates who were often denied similar opportunities in other fields. Nonetheless, they did not eradicate all gender discrimination that remained prevalent, not only in the vertical sense by preventing women from progressing in the academic hierarchy, but also in the horizontal sense by retaining them in designated spaces (specific disciplines or institutions) that were underrecognized. Ultimately, the analysis of women's professional paths underscores the importance of examining the private or intimate lives of scientists to gain a more in‐depth understanding of the social structure of science and its impact on its protagonists.
Manipulating the masses? Right‐wing populist messages, political ideology, and public support for multilateral development aid in Germany, the United States, and the United Kingdom
Authors: Bayram A. Burcu , Schneider Sebastian H. , Faust Jörg , Thomson Catarina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHow does right‐wing populism affect public preferences for foreign development aid spending across the liberal/conservative ideological spectrum? This research examines the complex interplay between exposure to right‐wing populist messages targeting aid and political ideology at the mass level in Germany, the United States (U.S.), and the United Kingdom (UK) with data from original survey experiments. First, the experiments indicate that populist rhetoric reduces public support for foreign aid across all countries albeit to varying degrees. Second, the moderating role of political ideology is variable and complex across the different countries. In Germany, populist anti‐aid messages reduce support among voters on the center of the ideological spectrum and among those without clear ideological preferences. In the U.S., anti‐aid messages affect those on the left. In the UK, the effect of populist anti‐aid rhetoric surprisingly does not vary cross ideological groups. Our results have implications for the prospects of public support for development cooperation in the shadow of populism.
Development of a unit conversion tool for five quantitative anti‐spike assays and agreement analysis of three qualitative anti‐nucleocapsid assays for SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Ouoba Serge , Sugiyama Aya , Ko Ko , Mirzaev Ulugbek Khudayberdievich , Abe Kanon , E Bunthen , Phyo Zayar , Khalilov Kobiljon Khusniddin , Kurisu Akemi , Akita Tomoyuki , Takahashi Kazuaki , Sasaki Hiroshi , Yamamoto Tadashi , Tanaka Junko 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCommercially available assays for measuring severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) anti‐spike (S) or anti‐nucleocapsid (N) antibodies differ in units, making results comparisons challenging. This study aimed to develop conversion equations between five quantitative anti‐S antibody tests and to assess the agreement over time between three qualitative anti‐N antibody tests. Blood samples from 24 216 vaccinated healthcare workers in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan, were analyzed for anti‐S antibodies using five quantitative tests (Abbott, Fujirebio, Ortho, Sysmex, Roche) and for anti‐N antibodies using three qualitative tests (Abbott, Sysmex, Roche). Geometric mean regression was performed to establish equations for converting measured values between the five quantitative tests. Fleiss κ statistic was used to assess the agreement between the three qualitative tests. A strong correlation (Pearson's coefficient r > 0.9) was found for each pair of the five quantitative tests measuring anti‐S antibodies, enabling the development of equations to convert values between each pair. Using these equations, which are based on the original output unit of each test, values obtained from one test can be transformed to be equivalent to the corresponding values in another test. For the three tests for anti‐N antibodies, the agreement was substantial in the total sample (Fleiss' κ, 0.74) and moderate among those with self‐reported past coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infection (Fleiss' κ, 0.39). The agreement decreased with time after infection. Reduced agreement between anti‐N antibodies tests over time suggests caution in comparing seroepidemiological studies of COVID‐19 exposure based on anti‐N antibodies measurement. The findings could help improve antibody measurement systems and inform public health decision‐makers.
Molecular epidemiology and characterization of enteroviruses detected in cerebrospinal fluid and respiratory samples in Slovenia, 2014–2023
Authors: Berginc Nataša , Lunar Maja M. , Šramel Nina , Poljak Mario 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEnterovirus (EV) infections have various symptoms and severe complications, including death. To determine EV prevalence and EV types in Slovenia, data on over 25 000 EV RNA tests for diagnostics and surveillance from 2014 to 2023 were analyzed. Altogether, 3733 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and 21 297 respiratory (sentinel and clinical) samples were tested for EV RNA. EV typing was performed on all residual EV‐positive CSF samples and on subset of respiratory specimens. Altogether, 1238 samples tested positive for EV RNA: 238 (6.4%) CSF and 1000 (4.7%) respiratory samples. EV‐positive patients were predominantly male (p < 0.001). Many EV‐positive CSF samples were from infants under 3 months (33.1%), whereas most EV‐positive respiratory samples were from children 1 to 2 years old (49.2%). Echovirus 30 (E‐30) was most frequent in CSF (33.0%), followed by CV‐B5 (13.8%) and E‐6 (13.8%). CV‐A6 was most frequent in respiratory samples (16.0%), followed by EV‐D68 (7.6%) and CV‐A5 (7.4%). EV types in CSF and respiratory samples show diverse dynamics, with some outbreaks indicated. A significant difference was found in the EV detection rate between CSF and respiratory samples by age. Various EV types were characterized, showing that some EV types are more neurotropic or cause more severe infections.
A shield against ageism: Self‐affirmation mitigates the negative effects of workplace age discrimination on well‐being and performance
Authors: Spoelma Trevor M. , Marchiondo Lisa A. 
Published: July 2024

SummaryAlthough an increasingly age‐diverse workforce offers many potential advantages for organizations, it also presents unique challenges. Namely, bringing together people of different ages produces an environment ripe for age‐based discrimination. In this study, we integrate the transactional model of stress with self‐affirmation theory to propose the effectiveness of a brief personal values affirmation for shaping the effect of age discrimination on stress appraisals. In turn, we expect this intervention to weaken the indirect effects of age discrimination on somatic complaints, emotional exhaustion, and task performance. We test our model using four multi‐wave field experiments among full‐time employees (total N = 629). We find robust support for the utility of the intervention for mitigating the effects of age discrimination on outcomes via threat appraisal. Our findings have implications for managing experiences of ageism in organizations and complement existing techniques to reduce the adverse effects of this pernicious form of mistreatment.
Soil warming by electrical underground transmission lines impacts temporal dynamics of soil temperature and moisture
Authors: Emmerling Christoph , Hoffmann Celine , Herzog Maren , Schieber Benjamin , Stöckhert Ferdinand , Koschel Sebastian , Kurtenacker Michael , Trüby Peter 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe current transformation of the entire energy system leads to a large‐scale expansion of extra‐high‐voltage underground transmission lines (UTL). Knowledge of the impact on soil temperature and soil moisture dynamics is fundamental for environmental evaluation.AimsWe investigated the impact of an existing 320 kV underground cable in continuous operation on soil temperature and moisture dynamics.MethodsA soil‐monitoring programme was established at four study sites in Western Germany. Data were continuously recorded in soil up to 120 cm depth using soil sensors over a period of 1 year.ResultsSoil warming was in a range of 0.6 K in the topsoil, approx. 1–1.3 K in the rooting zone and 1.7 K in the subsoil at 120 cm depth and was restricted mainly to the immediate vicinity of the cable route. Likewise, the impact on soil moisture dynamics was on average in a range of −1.00 wt.‐% in 0–60 cm depth and −2.45 wt. 2‐% in the subsoil relative to control. Although at a calculated maximum load capacity of 100% in regular operation, soil warming might remain moderate, with 1.5 K in the topsoil, 2.3–3.1 K in the rooting zone and 4.1 K in the subsoil.ConclusionsIt is assumed that the reasons for the low‐to‐moderate influence of the UTL are to be found in the operational cable load (on average 65%), heat loss of cables (approx. 12 W m−1 per cable) and the quality of the imbedding material for the cables.
Feeding practices and weight status of children with congenital Zika syndrome: A longitudinal study in Brazil
Authors: Frawley Hannah E. , Andrews Sara M. , Wheeler Anne C. , Nobrega Lucélia L. , Firmino Raine C. B. , da Silva Claudia M. , Bezerra Pollyanna , Ventura Camila V. , Cavalcanti Andre , Williams Jason , Flax Valerie L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to describe feeding practices and weight status in a cohort of children with congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) in northeastern Brazil.MethodsThis longitudinal study of children with CZS (N = 156) included data collection on child feeding practices and weight status at five timepoints between 2018 and 2022. The average age of the children was 32.1 months at enrollment and 76.6 months at the fifth assessment. Multilevel models, with repeated observations nested within children, were used to estimate time‐related differences in each outcome.ResultsUse of enteral feeding, such as gastrostomy, increased from 19.2% to 33.3% over 4 years (p < .001). Among children who did not exclusively use an enteral feeding method, the percentage experiencing at least one dysphagia‐associated behavior, such as coughing or gagging, increased from 73.9% to 85.3% (p = .030) while consuming liquids and from 36.2% to 73.5% (p = .001) while consuming solids. Based on weight‐for‐age z‐scores, the percentage of children who were moderately or severely underweight increased from 42.5% to 46.1% over the 4 years but was not statistically significant. Children exclusively using an enteral feeding method had significantly decreased odds of being underweight at assessments 3, 4, and 5.ConclusionsThese data highlight the ongoing and increasing challenges of feeding young children with CZS. Our findings elucidate the physiological reasons children with CZS may be underweight and point to intervention targets, such as enteral feeding, to improve their feeding practices.
Cleantech incubators within the sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystem: Fundraising sources, income generation strategies, and the role of public support
Authors: Pierrakis Yannis , Ivanova Anna , Chawdhary Rahul 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the different financial viability strategies adopted by cleantech incubators (CTIs) located in both high‐income and medium‐ and low‐income countries. More specifically, we focus on three interrelated research questions: (i) What are the most common funding sources for CTIs, and how do they differ between high‐income and medium‐ and low‐income countries? (ii) What income generation strategies do they employ to achieve financial viability? (iii) What appears to be the main influence on whether or not a CTI adapts suitable strategies to achieve financial viability? The study uses data from 71 CTIs and interviews with 11 cleantech incubator managers. Although the vast majority of the examined CTIs rely on public funding, our results suggest that high levels of fundraising and income diversification strategies are requirements for securing financial viability. In addition, higher levels of government involvement appear to correlate with fewer income diversification strategies, whereas lower levels of government involvement increase the likelihood of the incubator's proclivity to pursue different fundraising and income generation revenues.
Structural and sensory characteristics of ultrasonic assisted wet‐heating Maillard reaction products of Giant salamander protein hydrolysates
Authors: He Fan‐Yu , Zhu Xing‐Tong , Liu Hui , Chong Yun‐Qing , Wu Zhi‐Ping , Ye Lu‐Jun , Chen Yue‐Wen , Fu Jing‐Jing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDChinese giant salamander protein hydrolysates (CGSPH) are beneficial to human health as a result of their high content of amino acids and peptides. However, the formation of bitter peptides in protein hydrolysates (PHs) would hinder their application in food industry. The ultrasound assisted wet‐heating Maillard reaction (MR) is an effective way to improve the flavor of PHs. Thus, the effect of ultrasonic assisted wet‐heating MR on the structure and flavor of CGSPH was investigated in the present study.RESULTSThe results indicated that the ultrasound assisted wet‐heating MR products (MRPs) exhibited a higher degree of graft and more significant changes in the secondary and tertiary structures of CGSPH compared to traditional wet‐heating MRPs. Moreover, ultrasound assisted wet‐heating MR could significantly increase the content of small molecule peptides and reduce the content of free amino acids of CGSPH, which resulted in more significant changes in flavor characteristics. The changed in flavor properties after MR (especially ultrasound assisted wet‐heating MRPs) were mainly manifested by a significant reduction in bitterness, as well as a significant increase in the content of aromatic aldehyde ester compounds such as furan‐2‐carbaldehyde, butanal, benzaldehyde, furfural, etc.CONCLUSIONSUltrasound assisted wet‐heating MR between CGSPH and xylose could be a promising way to improve the sensory characteristics of CGSPH. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.