bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of Approximation of Stress and Displacement Fields in Cracked Body for Estimation of Failure Zone Extent / Přesnost Aproximace Polí Napětí A Posunů V Tělese S Trhlinou Pro Odhad Rozsahu Zóny Porušení
Authors: Sobek Jakub , Veselý Václav , Šestáková Lucie 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe paper deals with an analysis of the stress and displacement fields in a cracked body. The intention of the authors is to determine the sufficient number of terms of the Williams power series for an accurate approximation of the near-crack-tip fields which can be subsequently usede.g. for estimation of the extent of the fracture process zone in quasi-brittle materials. Values of coefficients of these terms are determined via regression from results of numerical simulations; the coefficients are expressed as functions of the relative crack length. The analysis is conducted on a 2D numerical model of the wedge-splitting test on a modified standard cube-shaped specimen used commonly for testing of cementitious composites; ANSYS FE computational system is employed.
Laboratory Measurement of Deformations of Bidirectionally / Prestressed Masonry Laboratorní Měření Deformací Obousměrně Předpjatého Zdiva
Authors: Stará Marie , Čajka Radim , Matečková Pavlína , Buchta Vojtěch 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This paper deals with laboratory measurements of deformations in the place exposed to local load caused by pre-stressing. The measurements are made at the masonry corner built in the laboratory equipment. The laboratory equipment was designed at Faculty of Civil Engineering VSB-TU Ostrava for measurement tri-axial stress-strain conditions in masonry. In this masonry corner two pre-stressing bars are placed. These bars are in different height and are anchored to the anchor plates, which transfer pre-stressing forces to the masonry. The masonry was pre-stressed in the both directions. The specimen for laboratory testing is performed in the proportion to the reality of 1:1.
Assessment of the Model Uncertainty in Shear Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Beams without Shear Reinforcement / Hodnocení Modelové Nejistoty Pro Smykovou Odolnost Železobetonových Nosníků Bez Smykové Výztuže
Authors: Sýkora Miroslav , Holický Milan 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The paper is focused on the model uncertainty related to shear resistance of reinforced concrete beams without special shear reinforcement considering available test results. Variation of the model uncertainty with basic variables is analysed and significant variables are identified for the section-oriented formula provided in EN 1992-1-1. Proposed probabilistic description of the model uncertainty consists of the lognormal distribution having the coefficient of variation of 0.15 and the mean value varying from 0.9 to 1.05 for beams with light to heavy longitudinal reinforcement.
Creative Impact Measure of Cros – Cultural Managerial Apects
Authors: Janáková Hana , Magdolen Ľuboš 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The world today is characterized by intercultural diversity. More and more communication takes place between people with different linguistic as well as cultural backgrounds. This happens because of contacts within the areas of business, science, education etc. but also because of immigration brought about by labour shortage or unstable political situation. The globalisation of the economy with increased appreciation by companies that managing cultural differences properly can be a key factor in getting things done effectively across borders. With increased contact of personnel and customers from diverse cultural background, there is a growing demand for businesses to understand and manage the diverse values, perceptions, business worldviews and behaviour of corporations, staff, and its customer. Intercultural communication and management is an interdisciplinary human resources field concerned with faciliting communication, management and effective interaction of personnel and customers across borders. The starting point for understanding consumer behaviour is really important. Marketing and environmental stimuls enter the consumer’s conscioussnes, and set of psychological processes combine with certain consumer characteristics to resault in decision processes and purchase decision. The marketer’s task is to understand what happened in the consumer’s consciousness between the arrival of the outside marketing stimuli and the ultimate purchasedecision. Four psychological processes are motivation, perception, learning and also memroy, fundamentaly influence consumer responses. Understanding consumer behaviour may often be complicated since many different factors influence the behaviour and sicnce many different forms of behaviour exist. Paper describe fuzzy concept for evaluation of some cros-cultural impact and compare it with other type of measurements presented in literature.
Picture This: A Photovoice Study Of International Students’ Food Experience in Canada
Authors: Amos Stephanie , Lordly Daphne 
Published: May 2014

Purpose: International student enrolment in Canadian universities is increasing. As international university students acculturate, they experience a culture shock in which food plays a major role. International university students’ Canadian food experiences therefore were explored. Methods: A Photovoice methodology was used with 15 international undergraduate and graduate university students, who were recruited to take pictures of their food experiences. They also participated in two focus group discussions that included an analysis of their photos. Results: Seven themes related to the significance of food in acculturation were revealed: the paradox of Canadian convenience, the equation of traditional foods with health, traditional food quality and accessibility, support networks, food consumption for comfort, ethnic restaurants, and the exploration of non-traditional foods. Maintaining cultural identity with traditional foods was an overarching theme related to acculturation. Conclusions: International students acculturating to Canada have emotional and physical needs, which can be met through food. Opportunities exist to improve their acculturation experiences. Canadian universities can incorporate food acculturation strategies into campus events and menus. Nutrition professionals on campus can facilitate a positive food environment and nurture culture identity formation.
The Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP) And Reduction of Chronic Disease Risk Factors in Canada
Authors: Morton Darren , Rankin Paul , Kent Lillian , Sokolies Rex , Dysinger Wayne , Gobble John , Diehl Hans 
Published: May 2014

Purpose: The short-term effectiveness of the nutrition-centred Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP) lifestyle intervention for improving selected chronic disease risk factors was examined in the Canadian setting. Methods: A total of 1003 people (aged 56.3 ± 12.1 years, 68% female) were self-selected to participate in one of 27 CHIP interventions hosted in community settings by Seventh-day Adventist churches throughout Canada, between 2005 and 2011. The program centred on the promotion of a whole-food, plant-based eating pattern, and daily physical activity was also encouraged. Biometric measures, including body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), blood lipid profile, and fasting blood sugar (FBS), were determined at program entry and 30 days into the intervention. Results: Over 30 days, significant overall reductions (P<0.001) were recorded in the participants’ BMI (-3.1%), systolic BP (-7.3%), diastolic BP (-4.3%), total cholesterol ([TC] -11.3%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ([LDL-C] -12.9%), triglycerides ([TG] -8.2%), and FBS (-7.0%). Participants with the highest classifications of TC, LDL-C, TG, and FBS at program entry experienced approximately 20% reductions in these measures in 30 days. Conclusions: The CHIP intervention, which centres on a whole-food, plant-based eating pattern, can lead to rapid and meaningful reductions in chronic disease risk factors in the Canadian context.
Registered Dietitians’ Roles in Decision-making Processes For PEG Placement in the Elderly
Authors: Szeto Maria O.P. , Maillet Julie O'sullivan , Brody Rebecca A. , Parrott J. Scott 
Published: May 2014

Purpose: The role of registered dietitians (RDs) in decisionmaking for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) placement was explored. The ethical climate in their workplace and the relationship between decision-making and the ethical climate were examined. Methods: The survey included 67 RDs in complex continuing care and long-term care settings in Ontario. Descriptive statistics were used to describe roles, ethical climate, and professional characteristics. Pearson's and nonparametric correlations were used to examine relationships between roles, ethical climate, and professional characteristics. Results: Among the respondents, 97% thought RDs had a role in decision-making processes. The majority of RDs were usually or always involved in two roles: identifying relevant nutrition issues (91.2%) and discussing feeding options and alternatives (80.7%). Dietitians’ roles in decision-making processes were more extensive when their relationship with physicians was positive (r=0.321, P=0.016), they had adequate knowledge (r=0.465, P<0.001) and adequate skills (r=0.520, P<0.001), and they were more satisfied with their role (r=0.554, P<0.001). Conclusions: Registered dietitians performed a variety of roles in decision-making processes concerning PEG placement in the elderly. A positive working relationship with physicians, knowledge, skills, and role satisfaction significantly increase RDs’ involvement with patients and families.
Nutritional Risk in Community-dwelling Older Men: The Manitoba Follow-up Study
Authors: Lengyel Christina O. , Tate Robert B. , Bayomi Dennis J. 
Published: May 2014

Purpose: The role of nutrition in older men’s health and successful aging has been inadequately studied. We examined the relationships among nutritional risk, self-rated health, and successful aging in community-dwelling Canadian older men. Methods: The surviving cohort of the Manitoba Follow-up Study (n=690, mean age = 86.8 years) were sent a selfadministered nutrition survey in December 2007. The survey consisted of the Seniors in the Community: Risk Evaluation for Eating and Nutrition, version II (SCREEN II), a validated tool for assessing nutritional risk of cognitively intact community-living older adults, and questions about successful aging and health. Results: Of the 553 surveys returned (80% response), 522 with complete SCREEN II data were included in the analysis. Forty-four percent of respondents were at high nutritional risk, 24% were at moderate risk, and 32% were at low risk. Significant relationships were found between nutritional risk and self-rated health (P<0.0001) and successful aging (P=0.008), with greater nutritional risk associated with lower self-ratings of health and successful aging. Higher use of prescription medication was related to greater nutritional risk (P=0.004). Conclusions: Nutritional screening programs for communitydwelling older men are warranted as two-thirds of the study participants were at nutritional risk. Identifying older men at nutritional risk is a critical step in the process of nutritional assessment, and subsequent nutrition interventions and followup are required to prevent further health decline.
Crafting Meaning: Arts-informed Dietetics Education
Authors: Lordly Daphne 
Published: May 2014

Purpose: University nutrition students’ experiences of participation in an arts module as part of a senior nutrition course were explored to gain an understanding of the relationship of art to dietetics practice. Methods: The module comprised discussions, readings, and presentations from dietitian artists, along with three assignments: the production of art, an artist statement, and a reflection paper. The art production depicting an aspect of body image was presented to the class and optionally at a body image conference. An exploratory, qualitative methodology informed by Schön’s reflective practice framework was employed. Three surveys administered at various times during the arts module were used to collect students’ reflections and were thematically analyzed. Results: Three themes emerged: hesitance to acceptance, emotion and connection, and relationship with dietetics. The education process facilitated a transformation among students, noted as changes in knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes over the course of the module. Conclusions: The arts provide an alternative platform for an exploration of self and others, for improving practice, and for an examination of novel ways for doing so. Reflection as an education component enables students to contemplate relationships, knowledge, emotions, and practice as interrelated and evolving entities.
Le Tâlech et les Tâlech : ethnie et région dans le Nord-Ouest de l'Iran
Authors: Bazin Marcel 
Published: May 2014

Abstract. - The Tâlesh region and the Tâlesh people in north-western Iran :
The Tâlesh range, between the Caspian coastal plains and the plateaus of Azerbaijan, holds its name from the inhabitants of the eastern side, the Tâlesh. These Highlanders have adapted themselves to their mountainous and woody environment by intricate pastoral migrations. Thus, this group is quite original with regard to its neighbours, the Gilak sedentary rice-growers of the Gilân plain, and the Azeri Turks of the Ardabil and Khalkhâl regions. But beyond this originality of the whole people, a great diversity can be observed between the different valleys, due to relief partition, political anarchy, and recent Turkish penetration in northern Tâlesh.
The Volitional Rule, Personality Disorders and the Insanity Defense
Authors: Rachlin Stephen , Halpern Abraham L , Portnow Stanley L 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
Recently, both the American Psychiatric Association and the American Bar Association have adopted position statements on the insanity defense, recommending the abandonment of the volitional aspect of the legal standard. The authors believe that this reform is long overdue. Defendants whose diagnosis, based largely on inadequate behavior controls, is personality disorder may best be considered as having "non-exculpatory mental conditions." The problems created when such individuals enter the interface between psychiatry and the law is illustrated by reviewing the vicissitudes of thought relative to the antisocial personality. With the introduction of DSM-III, disorders of impulse control, and particularly pathological gambling, have been advanced in support of a plea of not guilty by reason of insanity. Acts simply not resisted may in fact be distinguishable from those which the authors consider truly irresistible, utilizing a framework presented here. Finally, it is concluded that legislation should be enacted specifically to eliminate conditions classified on the basis of disturbances of volition and/or behavior from the umbrella of exculpatory mental disorders.
Clinical Manifestations and Treatment of Retinoblastoma in Kobe Children’s Hospital for 16 Years
Authors: Okimoto Satoshi , Nomura Koji 
Published: May 2014

Purpose:To report the clinical manifestations and therapeutic outcomes of retinoblastoma during 16 years.Methods:Forty-three eyes of 34 patients with retinoblastoma from 1996 to 2011 were retrospectively examined for eye preservation rates based on the disease stage, and the treatment outcomes between monocular and binocular cases were compared. In addition, the relationship between age at initial examination and disease stage and the difference of age at enucleation with or without preservation therapy were examined.Results:Twenty-five patients had monocular retinoblastoma and 9 patients had binocular retinoblastoma. Three patients had a family history of retinoblastoma. The mean observation period was 106.6 ± 53.0 months. Median age at initial examination was 13.5 months. There was no correlation between age at initial examination and disease stage. Preservation therapy was performed for 24 eyes. Nineteen eyes were enucleated without performing preservation therapy. There was a significant difference in age at enucleation between the preservation therapy group (finally enucleated 13 eyes, median = 30.0 months) and the non-preservation therapy group (19 eyes, median = 13.0 months). Eye preservation rates according to the International Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB) were as follows: 100% for group B, 100% for group C, 33% for group D, and 0% for group E. In eyes with ICRB group D, the ratio of induction with preservation therapy was 50% of monocular cases and 75% of binocular cases.Conclusions:Preservation therapy was able to significantly delay enucleation. Eye preservation therapy was performed for a higher proportion of advanced cases among binocular cases than among monocular cases.[J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2014;51(4):222–229.]
Effects of trap height, location, and spacing on pheromone-baited trap catch efficacy for oriental fruit moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in a peach orchard
Authors: Kong W.N. , Hu R.S. , Zhao Z.G. , Li J. , Zhang Z.W. , Li S.C. , Ma R.Y. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe establishment of standardised methods for monitoring the oriental fruit moth Grapholitha molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) requires the identification of factors that significantly affect trap catch efficacy. We examined the effects of trap height, trap location, and inter-trap spacing on trap catches in a conventional peach orchard. Traps were placed at heights of up to 3.0 m above the ground and sets of nine traps were positioned in grids with inter-trap distances of 10–50 m to determine the optimum trap height, location, and spacing. Traps were checked daily over 10 days for males during four periods corresponding to peak moth flight. Moth catches were higher when traps were placed toward the tops (2.5 m) and outside the canopy (3.0 m). Moth catches in traps located upwind and outside tended to be higher than in the central trap for all inter-trap distances. When inter-trap distances were shorter than 30 m, interference between traps occurred. Our results provide an efficient trap distribution for monitoring G. molesta in peach orchards.
Interação social e metodologias de ensino: o caso do laboratório de troca de afetos - lata sob as narrativas de seus participantes através do mapa conceitual
Authors: Bernardino Maria Cleide Rodrigues , Souza Irma Gracielle Carvalho de Oliveira , Souza Alexandre Pereira de , Santos Francisca Pereira dos 
Published: May 2014

Aborda as metodologias baseadas nas trocas de experiências ilustradas pelo projeto LATA - Laboratório de Troca de Afetos, do Curso de Biblioteconomia da Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus Cariri. O projeto foi pensado e é executado dentro dos parâmetros das possibilidades de aprendizagem através da troca de experiências, tendo como norte a interação social do aluno com a sociedade, seja em sala de aula ou fora dela. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, cuja coleta de dados se fez por meio de entrevista narrativa intermediada por questionário no google docs, e o tratamento dos resultados pela análise de conteúdo. O ambiente da investigação se deu no âmbito acadêmico, com 40 alunos que participaram da disciplina Cultura e Mídia, onde o projeto é executado e contemplou três questionamentos: você considera que o aprendizado por meio da troca de experiências tem sido significativo do ponto de vista profissional? O que você sente ao ver outras pessoas contando suas histórias e notar que algumas são comuns às suas experiências? Entre o método convencional, leituras, resenhas, provas escritas, seminários, o que mais tem lhe ajudado a desenvolver um senso crítico e proporcionado maior desenvoltura? As reflexões oriundas da análise dos dados, além de funcionar como feedback da aceitação da metodologia por parte dos alunos, também contribui para uma avaliação do projeto a fim de corrigir possíveis falhas e contribuir efetivamente para a construção do conhecimento.
Effects of the Diabetic Condition on Grafted Fat Survival: An Experimental Study Using Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Jung Jae A , Kim Yang Woo , Cheon Young Woo , Kang So Ra 
Published: May 2014

Background Autologous fat grafts have been widely used for cosmetic purposes and for soft tissue contour reconstruction. Because diabetes mellitus is one of the major chronic diseases in nearly every country, the requirement for fat grafts in diabetes patients is expected to increase continuously. However, the circulation complications of diabetes are serious and have been shown to involve microvascular problems, impairing ischemia-driven neovascularization in particular. After injection, revascularization is vital to the survival of the grafted fat. In this study, the authors attempted to determine whether the diabetic condition inhibits the survival of injected fat due to impaired neovascularization.Methods The rat scalp was used for testing fat graft survival. Forty-four seven-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated to a diabetic group or a control group. 1.0 mL of processed fat was injected subcutaneously into the scalp of each rat. The effect of diabetes was evaluated by calculating the volume and the weight of the grafted fat and by histologically analyzing the fat sections.Results The surviving fat graft volume and weight were considerably smaller in the diabetic group than in the control group (P<0.05), and histological evaluations showed less vascularity, and more cysts, vacuoles, and fibrosis in the diabetic group (P<0.05). Cellular integrity and inflammation were not considerably different in the two groups.Conclusions As the final outcome, we found that the presence of diabetes might impair the survival and the quality of fat grafts, as evidenced by lower fat graft weights and volumes and poor histologic graft quality.
Risk Factors for Complications after Reconstructive Surgery for Sternal Wound Infection
Authors: Hashimoto Ichiro , Takaku Mitsuru , Matsuo Shinji , Abe Yoshiro , Harada Hiroshi , Nagae Hiroaki , Fujioka Yusuke , Anraku Kuniaki , Inagawa Kiichi , Nakanishi Hideki 
Published: May 2014

Background Although the utility of flaps for the treatment of sternal wound infections following median sternotomy has been reported for 30 years, there have been few reports on the risk factors for complications after reconstruction. The objective of this investigation was to identify factors related to complications after the reconstruction of sternal wound infections.
Methods A retrospective analysis of 74 patients with reconstructive surgery after sternal wound infection over a 5-year period was performed. Clinical data including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, bacterial culture, previous cardiac surgery, wound depth, mortality rate, type of reconstructive procedure, and complication rate were collected.
Results The patients' BMI ranged from 15.2 to 33.6 kg/m2 (mean, 23.1±3.74 kg/m2). Wound closure complications after reconstructive surgery were observed in 36.5% of the cases. The mortality rate was 2.7%. Diabetes mellitus significantly affected the rate of wound closure complications (P=0.041). A significant difference in the number of complications was seen between Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and coagulase-negative Staphylococci (P=0.011). There was a correlation between harvesting of the internal thoracic artery and postoperative complications (P=0.048). The complication rates of the pectoralis major flap, rectus abdominis flap, omentum flap, a combination of pectoralis major flap and rectus abdominis flap, and direct closure were 23.3%, 33.3%, 100%, 37.5%, and 35.7%, respectively.
Conclusions Diabetes mellitus, S. aureus, harvesting of the internal thoracic artery, and omentum flap were significant factors for complications after reconstruction. The omentum flap volume may be related to the complications associated with the omentum flap transfer in the present study.