bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Normative data for female adolescents with eating disorders on the Children's depression inventory
Authors: Watson Hunna J. , Egan Sarah J. , Limburg Karina , Hoiles Kimberley J. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractObjectiveGiven the importance of assessing depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in adolescents with eating disorders (EDs), the aim was to provide normative data on the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) for female adolescents presenting for treatment of an ED.MethodThe data source was the Helping to Outline Paediatric Eating Disorders (HOPE) Project registry (N = 1000), a prospective, ongoing registry study comprising consecutive pediatric tertiary ED referrals. Females (N = 256; 12–17 years) with DSM‐5 EDs completed the CDI at intake.ResultsResults on the CDI revealed a pattern of increasing depressive scores with age and higher scores among patients with anorexic spectrum disorders. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was high and had the same pattern as CDI scores. The mean score on the CDI in the sample was higher than community samples and clinical samples of adolescents with post‐traumatic stress disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, and other clinical disorders.DiscussionFemales adolescents with EDs are at high‐risk of depression and suicidal ideation. These data provide information about variation in CDI scores to guide clinicians in interpretation of scores. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2014; 47:666–670)
Differences in evolutionary history translate into differences in invasion success of alien mammals in South Africa
Authors: Yessoufou Kowiyou , Gere Jephris , Daru Barnabas H. , van der Bank Michelle 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAttempts to investigate the drivers of invasion success are generally limited to the biological and evolutionary traits distinguishing native from introduced species. Although alien species introduced to the same recipient environment differ in their invasion intensity – for example, some are “strong invaders”; others are “weak invaders” – the factors underlying the variation in invasion success within alien communities are little explored. In this study, we ask what drives the variation in invasion success of alien mammals in South Africa. First, we tested for taxonomic and phylogenetic signal in invasion intensity. Second, we reconstructed predictive models of the variation in invasion intensity among alien mammals using the generalized linear mixed‐effects models. We found that the family Bovidae and the order Artiodactyla contained more “strong invaders” than expected by chance, and that such taxonomic signal did not translate into phylogenetic selectivity. In addition, our study indicates that latitude, gestation length, social group size, and human population density are only marginal determinant of the variation in invasion success. However, we found that evolutionary distinctiveness – a parameter characterising the uniqueness of each alien species – is the most important predictive variable. Our results indicate that the invasive behavior of alien mammals may have been “fingerprinted” in their evolutionary past, and that evolutionary history might capture beyond ecological, biological and life‐history traits usually prioritized in predictive modeling of invasion success. These findings have applicability to the management of alien mammals in South Africa.
Tandem Nucleophilic Addition/Oxa‐Michael Reaction for the Synthesis of cis‐2,6‐Disubstituted Tetrahydropyrans
Authors: Gharpure Santosh J. , Prasad J. V. K. , Bera Kalisankar 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA Lewis acid catalyzed tandem nucleophilic addition/oxa‐Michael reaction was developed for the synthesis of cis‐2,6‐disubstituted tetrahydropyran (THP) derivatives in good yields with excellent diastereoselectivities. The strategy was successfully used in the construction of THP derivatives with three stereocenters in a highly stereoselective fashion.
A 2D reconstruction for the transverse coupling of shallow water models
Authors: Goutal Nicole , Parisot Martin , Zaoui Fabrice 
Published: May 2014

SUMMARYThis work is dedicated to the modeling of exchanges between a river and its surrounding floodplains during floods overflowing its bed. Modeling flows in each subdomain, that of the river and that of the floodplain, has been the subject of numerous works for over 50 years and is now well understood. A coupling strategy is considered in order to preserve the advantages of 1D and 2D models in their respective subdomains. In comparison with other transverse coupling strategies already presented in the literature, we introduce a direct method, without overlapping the models or introducing numerical parameters. This strategy is based on the resolution of the Riemann 2D problem at the coupling interface (the bank) and requires the estimation of the transverse velocity close to the interface. We propose a model of transverse velocity using successive resolutions of Riemann problems. Then, we present a numerical resolution of the coupling system, based on a finite volume method for any Riemann solvers. Particular attention was given to the essential properties of the model (conservation of mass, positivity of water depth, and well‐balanced scheme). Lastly, the precision and efficiency of the method are illustrated using examples of simulations. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Initial investigation of dietitian perception of plant‐based protein quality
Authors: Hughes Glenna J. , Kress Kathleen S. , Armbrecht Eric S. , Mukherjea Ratna , Mattfeldt‐Beman Mildred 
Published: April 2014

AbstractInterest in plant‐based diets is increasing, evidenced by scientific and regulatory recommendations, including Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Dietitians provide guidance in dietary protein selection but little is known about how familiar dietitians are with the quality of plant versus animal proteins or methods for measuring protein quality. Likewise, there is a need to explore their beliefs related to dietary recommendations. The aim of this study was to assess dietitians' perceptions of plant‐based protein quality and to determine if these are affected by demographic factors such as age and dietary practice group (DPG) membership. This was a cross‐sectional design using an online survey. The survey was sent to all members of the Missouri Dietetic Association. All completed surveys (136) were analyzed. The main outcome measures were responses to belief and knowledge questions about the protein quality of plant‐based diets, along with demographic information including age and DPG membership. Descriptive statistics and frequencies were determined, and chi‐square analysis was used to determine the associations between belief and knowledge responses and demographic characteristics. Responses to belief statements suggested a high level of support for plant‐based diets. No associations were found between any of the belief questions and demographic factors. A majority of respondents were not familiar with protein quality determination methods that are currently recognized by global regulatory and advisory agencies. Potential barriers identified in shifting to a more plant‐based diet were lack of interest and perceived difficulty. Knowledge among dietitians of plant‐based protein quality in general, and methods of protein quality measurement more specifically, needs to be addressed to enhance their knowledge base for making dietary protein recommendations. Two potential avenues for training are university curricula and continuing education opportunities provided to practitioners who provide dietary advice.
VEGF promotes osteogenic differentiation of ASCs on ordered fluorapatite surfaces
Authors: Clark D. , Wang X. , Chang S. , Czajka‐Jakubowska A. , Clarkson B. H. , Liu J. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractVascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been reported to mediate both osteogenesis and angiogenesis in bone regeneration. We previously found an upregulation of VEGF in adipose‐derived stem cells (ASCs) when obvious mineralization occurred on a novel fluorapatite (FA)‐coated surfaces. This study investigated the effect of FA and VEGF on the growth, differentiation and mineralization of (ASC) grown on ordered FA surfaces. Cells grown on FA and treated with VEGF demonstrated osteogenic differentiation as measured with ALP staining, and obvious mineralization as measured by Alizarin red staining. A combined stimulating effect of FA and VEGF was seen using both indicators. VEGF signaling pathway perturbation using a specific VEGF receptor inhibitor showed the lowest levels of ALP and Alizarin red staining, which was partially rescued when the cells were grown on FA and/or treated with the addition of VEGF. The osteogenic differentiation of ASCs stimulated by these FA surfaces as well as VEGF has been shown to be mediated through, but probably not only, the VEGF signaling pathway. The enhancement of osteogenic differentiation and mineralization supports the potential use of therapeutic VEGF and FA coatings in bone regeneration. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 639–645, 2015.
Cell proliferation dynamics in regeneration of the operculum head appendage in the annelid Pomatoceros lamarckii
Authors: Szabó Réka , Ferrier David Ellard Keith 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTRegeneration of lost or damaged appendages is a widespread and ecologically important ability in the animal kingdom, and also of great significance to developing regenerative medicine. The operculum of serpulid polychaetes is one among the many diverse appendages found in the lophotrochozoan superphylum, a clade hitherto understudied with respect to the mechanisms of appendage regeneration. In this study, we establish the normal time course of opercular regeneration in the serpulid Pomatoceros lamarckii and describe cell proliferation patterns in the regenerating opercular filament. The P. lamarckii operculum regenerates through a rapid and consistent series of morphogenetic events. Based on 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling and anti‐phosphohistone H3 immunohistochemistry, opercular regeneration appears to be a mixture of an early morphallactic stage, and a later phase characterized by widespread proliferative activity within the opercular filament. Tracking residual pigmentation suggests that the distal part of the stump gives rise to the most distal structures of the operculum via morphallactic remodeling, whereas more proximal structures are derived from the proximal stump. Our work underscores the diversity of regenerative strategies employed by animals and introduces P. lamarckii as an emerging model of appendage regeneration. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 322B: 257–268, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Influence of antioxidant compounds, total sugars and genetic background on the chilling injury susceptibility of a non‐melting peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) progeny
Authors: Abidi Walid , Cantín Celia M , Jiménez Sergio , Giménez Rosa , Moreno María Ángeles , Gogorcena Yolanda 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo identify genotypes with good organoleptic properties, antioxidant‐rich content and low susceptibility to chilling injury (CI), fruits from 130 peach cultivars were studied over three consecutive years. Pomological traits, l‐ascorbic acid, flavonoids, total phenolics, relative antioxidant capacity (RAC) and sugars were determined. Major symptoms of CI developed at 5 °C, such as leatheriness, flesh browning, bleeding and loss of flavor, were evaluated.RESULTSThe population exhibited wide phenotypic variation in agronomic and biochemical traits. Six genotypes with high total phenolics, RAC, flavonoids and total sugars were selected. The progeny also showed variability for all evaluated CI symptoms, and 16 genotypes showed considerably lower susceptibility to CI. After 2 weeks of cold storage, leatheriness and bleeding were the main CI symptoms observed, whereas flesh browning was predominant after 4 weeks.CONCLUSIONIt was possible to find varieties with high phenolic concentration and relatively low or intermediate CI susceptibility (22, 33, 68, 80, 81, 96 and 120). However, the correlations observed between CI and phenolic contents highlight their potential influence on susceptibility to internal browning. This relationship should be considered in the current breeding programs to select cultivars with high bioactive compound contents, health‐enhancing properties and good postharvest performance. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Numerical analysis of spiral oil wedge sleeve bearing including cavitation and wall slip effects
Authors: Wang Li‐li , Lu Chang‐hou 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe modified Reynolds equation is established on the basis of critical shear stress model, in which the circumferential and axial wall slip of sleeve and journal surface is considered. Cavitation is treated using modified Elrod algorithm that simplifies the solution of modified Reynolds equation in the full‐film region. The modified Reynolds equations considering wall slip and cavitation effect for two‐dimensional sleeve bearing are established. The results show that wall slip decreases oil film pressure, carrying capacity, friction drag and temperature rise but increases end leakage and cavitation region. The obtained results using the mass‐conserving boundary condition are compared with the Reynolds boundary condition. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biased Agonism at G Protein‐Coupled Receptors: The Promise and the Challenges—A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective
Authors: Shonberg Jeremy , Lopez Laura , Scammells Peter J. , Christopoulos Arthur , Capuano Ben , Lane J. Robert 
Published: May 2014

AbstractHistorically, determination of G protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR) ligand efficacy has often been restricted to identifying the ligand as an agonist or antagonist at a given signaling pathway. This classification was deemed sufficient to predict compound efficacy at all signaling endpoints, including the therapeutically relevant one(s). However, it is now apparent that ligands acting at the same GPCR can stabilize multiple, distinct, receptor conformations linked to different functional outcomes. This phenomenon, known as biased agonism, stimulus bias, or functional selectivity offers the opportunity to separate on‐target therapeutic effects from side effects through the design of drugs that show pathway selectivity. However, the medicinal chemist faces numerous challenges to develop biased ligands, including the detection and quantification of biased agonism. This review summarizes the current state of the field of research into biased agonism at GPCRs, with a particular focus on efforts to relate biased agonism to ligand structure.
Water–fat separation from a single spatiotemporally encoded echo based on nominal k‐space peaking and joint regularized estimation
Authors: Chen Ying , Cai Congbo , Zhong Jianhui , Chen Zhong 
Published: May 2014

PurposeTo present a new high‐resolution single‐point water–fat separation algorithm based on the spatiotemporally encoded chemical shift imaging technique.TheoryIdentifying water and fat peaks on the ensemble of the nominal k‐space profiles of all spatiotemporally encoded lines enables evaluation of the mean off‐resonance frequencies of the two components. With utilization of the spatial smoothness and filtering regularizations, the water/fat profiles can be discriminated with twice joint linear least squares estimations line‐by‐line.MethodsThe effectiveness of the proposed algorithm was assessed by experiments on oil‐water phantoms and in vivo in rats at 7T using a spatiotemporally encoded variant of the multishot spin‐echo sequence. The results were compared with those obtained from previously proposed 1‐point Dixon, 2‐point Dixon, and 3‐point IDEAL methods.ResultsThe results demonstrate that the new technique can achieve high‐quality water–fat separations, comparable in signal‐to‐noise ratio and contrast to the multipoint methods and is more robust in cases when large areas of low signals or motion artifacts jeopardize the results from the 1‐point Dixon method.ConclusionsThe proposed technique is potentially a new viable alternative for single‐point water–fat separation. Magn Reson Med 73:1441–1449, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gemeinsam gewinnen
Authors: Kühne Andreas , Servatius Hans‐Gerd , Volkmann Tim 
Published: May 2014

AbstractEin neues Produkt, eine Innovation, entsteht, wenn das Wissen um einen Bedarf mit den Lösungen für dessen Erfüllung verknüpft wird. Arbeitet ein Unternehmen offen mit seinen Kunden und deren Kunden zusammen, erhöht dies die Zahl der Verknüpfungen und führt so zu einem besseren Produkt.
Motivation for alumni donations: a social identity perspective on the role of branding in higher education
Authors: Stephenson Amber L. , Bell Nikki 
Published: May 2014

As a result of decreasing government funds and increasing competition, institutions of higher education have propelled themselves into business practices such as branding. Despite the growing literature on branding in higher education, there is little research on the relationship between alumni donor motivations and the university brand. This study explores donor motivations from social identity and self‐congruity theoretical perspectives. The authors used zero‐inflated negative binomial regression to assess the relationship between identification and count of donations. The results showed that if the level of identification with the university increased, the expected number of donations would also increase. The study further assessing the “zeros” (non‐donors), the results suggested that if an alumnus were to identify with the university, he would be 43% less likely to be “certain zero” (definitive non‐donor) and would find a way to give money. Additionally, the authors analyzed responses about why alumni donate and why they choose not to donate. The authors offered observations on the basis of respondent commentary and also raised the question of what happens when university branding efforts conflict with the perceptions of a large stakeholder group such as alumni. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High dose alkylator therapy for extracranial malignant rhabdoid tumors in children
Authors: Venkatramani Rajkumar , Shoureshi Poone , Malvar Jemily , Zhou Shengmei , Mascarenhas Leo 
Published: April 2014

BackgroundExtracranial malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) is a rare pediatric cancer with a poor prognosis. The kidney is the most common site. Isolated reports have shown improvements in patient survival, but no specific treatment regimen has shown efficacy over others.ProcedureRetrospective review of patients diagnosed with extracranial MRT at Children's Hospital Los Angeles between 1983 and 2012.ResultsThe median age at presentation for the 21 patients was 13 months (range, 0–108 months). Ten patients had renal primary tumors. The median time to progression was 4 months (range, 0.4–7 months). The 5‐year event free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) of the entire cohort was 38 ± 10.6%. After 2002, patients diagnosed with extracranial MRT were administered a chemotherapy regimen of vincristine, doxorubicin and high dose cyclophosphamide (VDC). The OS for the patients diagnosed before and after 2002 were 20 ± 12% and 54 ± 15%, respectively. Of the 13 patients who received VDC containing regimen, eight patients achieved a complete radiological remission; five of these patients are long‐term survivors. Four patients who received autologous bone marrow transplantation were alive at last follow‐up. All patients with unresectable primary tumors died. Patients who had disease progression or relapse did not survive.ConclusionsPatients with extracranial MRT have a poor prognosis. Treatment with high dose alkylator therapy followed by consolidation with high dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplant for those patients in radiographic complete remission appears to have a beneficial effect on survival. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014; 61:1357–1361. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Risk and predictors of attempted and completed suicide in patients with hematological malignancies
Authors: Mohammadi Mohammad , Moradi Tahereh , Bottai Matteo , Reutfors Johan , Cao Yang , Smedby Karin E. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBackgroundHematological malignancies can cause high levels of distress, but few studies have assessed risk of suicidal behavior among these patients.MethodsWe evaluated risk of attempted and completed suicide in a cohort of 46,309 patients diagnosed with malignant lymphoma, myeloma and leukemia in Sweden 1992 to 2009 and 107,736 cancer‐free subjects, using Poisson regression.ResultsIn all, 146 suicide attempts and 63 completed suicides occurred during a median follow up of 3.1 years (maximum 19 years). The risk of completed suicide was 3.5‐fold increased among patients with myeloma [incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 3.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.05−6.03] and 1.9‐fold increased among patients with lymphoma (IRR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.31−2.67) but not significantly increased among patients with leukemia. Risk of attempted suicide was increased among patients with myeloma (IRR = 2.13, CI = 1.39−3.26) and lymphoma (IRR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.07−1.69). Both male and female patients were at increased risk of attempted as well as completed suicide. A pre‐malignant history of mental disorders conferred 15‐fold to 30‐fold increased risks, but elevated risks were also observed among patients without such history.ConclusionsSuicidal actions in patients with hematological malignancies have high suicidal intent, and that subgroups of patients should be monitored for suicidal ideation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Black holes, the van der Waals gas, compressibility and the speed of sound
Authors: Dolan B.P. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe review some recent developments in black hole thermodynamics for asymptotically anti‐de Sitter black holes. Viewing the cosmological constant as a thermodynamic pressure allows a thermodynamic volume to be defined, the thermodynamically conjugate variable to the pressure. The properties of the equation of state can then be studied and a compressibility and a speed of sound is defined for such black holes.
\documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \mathcal{N} = 2$\end{document} string amplitudes and the Omega background
Authors: Florakis I. , Zein Assi A. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe review recent work [1,2] on obtaining a realisation of the Ω‐background in terms of a special series of higher‐derivative generalised F‐terms in the effective \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \mathcal{N} = 2$\end{document} supergravity action. We discuss the motivation behind the identification of these couplings, their relation to the Nekrasov partition function and connect them to a worldsheet approach towards the refined topological string.