bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sovereign uncertainty
Authors: Silgado-Gómez Edgar 
Published: July 2024

This paper investigates the impact and the transmission of uncertainty regarding the future path of government finances on economic activity. I first employ a data-rich approach to extract a novel proxy that captures uncertainty surrounding public finances, which I refer to as sovereign uncertainty, and demonstrate that the estimated measure exhibits distinct fluctuations from macro-financial and economic policy uncertainty indices. Next, I analyse the behaviour of sovereign uncertainty shocks and detect the presence of significant and long-lasting negative effects in the financial and macroeconomic sectors using state-of-the-art identification strategies, within the context of a Bayesian vector autoregression framework. I show that a shock to sovereign uncertainty differs from a macro-financial uncertainty shock originating from disturbances in the private sector
—while the former persistently dampens the economy in the medium run, the latter displays a short-lived response in real activity. Lastly, I study the role of sovereign uncertainty in a New Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model augmented with recursive preferences and financial intermediaries. I find that a sovereign uncertainty shock in the model is able to capture the empirical slowdowns in economic aggregates if monetary policy decisions are directly influenced by the shock. The model also emphasizes the importance of financial frictions in transmitting the effects of sovereign uncertainty shocks and highlights the minor role played by nominal rigidities.
Quantifying the Criteria Used to Identify Zircons from Ore-Bearing and Barren Systems in Porphyry Copper Exploration
Authors: Carrasco-Godoy Carlos , Campbell Ian H. , Cajal Yamila 
Published: July 2024

AbstractZircon is a common mineral in igneous rocks, which is resistant to both chemical weathering and physical abrasion. Its chemistry can potentially be used to distinguish ore-forming porphyry magmas from barren magma systems. This study compiles &gt;23,000 zircon analyses from &gt;30 porphyry deposits, barren intrusions, and rivers to determine the principal geochemical characteristics of fertile zircons using predictive modeling, and compares them with traditional geochemical thresholds. The results show that the Eu/Eu* and Dy/Yb ratios, P content, and the curvature at the end of rare earth element (REE) patterns (λ3) are the most diagnostic characteristics of fertile zircons. The use of geochemical thresholds, as Boolean conditions, reach their maximum performance for Eu/Eu* and Dy/Yb (sensitivity [sens] = 0.73, specificity [spec] = 0.90), but it is outperformed by the random forest model (sens = 0.91, spec = 0.93) in the testing set. Explanatory analysis of the models shows that the fertility signal in zircons becomes stronger as the porphyry system evolves and is accompanied by an overall decrease in the middle to light REE and P content, characteristics that are absent in barren zircons. We attribute the observed difference in λ3 to the cocrystallization of other accessory phases, suggesting that the changes in the zircon Ce anomaly is controlled by the depletion of light and middle REE. The low P content in fertile zircons is caused by extensive crystallization of apatite. Fertile zircons have an excess of (REE + Y)3+, which we attribute to charge-balance by H+ in hydrous magmas. Simple machine learning algorithms outperform the traditional geochemical discriminators in their predictions and provide insights into characteristics that have not previously been considered for evaluating porphyry copper fertility using zircon geochemistry. We propose simplified methods that can be easily incorporated into exploration workflows.
Dynamics of soil fertility and productivity of flax rotation based on the results of long-term experiment
Authors: Кузьменко Н.Н. 
Published: July 2024

В длительных исследованиях (1948-2018 гг.) проведена количественная оценка и изучена динамика плодородия дерново-подзолистой почвы и продуктивности льняного севооборота под влиянием систем удобрений с разной насыщенностью навозом и минеральными удобрениями. Внесение на 1 га севооборотной площади удобрений в дозе 67,5 и 135 кг д.в. не обеспечило сохранение исходного уровня плодородия почвы. Наибольшее снижение запасов гумуса (до 34%) и продуктивности севооборота (на 16%) отмечали при минеральной системе удобрения. Применение органической системы удобрения улучшило качественный состав гумуса и повысило продуктивность севооборота на 11%. Снижение запасов гумуса было наименьшим – 24%. Органоминеральная система удобрения обеспечила более высокое содержание элементов питания в почве, наибольший агрономический эффект – до 39,3 ц зерновых единиц/га, при росте продуктивности в сравнении с исходным уровнем на 16%. Снижение запасов гумуса составило 31%. Для сохранения плодородия дерново-подзолистой почвы с высоким и очень высоким содержанием подвижного фосфора и высоким калия достаточно вносить 230 и 280 кг д.в. на 1 га севооборотной площади (навоз 10 т + NPK 100 и навоз 10 т + NPK 150 кг д.в.), что позволит получить положительный баланс NPK +21 и +30 кг/га, баланс гумуса в размере +0,45 и +0,30 т/га в год и продуктивность севооборота 33,7 и 35,7 ц зерновых единиц/га.
In long-term studies (1948-2018), a quantitative assessment was carried out and studied the change in the level of fertility of sod-podzolic soil and the productivity of flax crop rotation under the influence of fertilizer systems with different saturations of manure and mineral fertilizers. The application of fertilizers at a dose of 67.5 and 135 kg of active substance to 1 hectare of crop rotation area did not ensure the preservation of the initial level of soil fertility. The greatest decrease in humus stocks (up to 34%) and crop rotation productivity (by 16%) was noted with the mineral fertilizer system. The use of an organic fertilizer system improved the qualitative composition of humus and increased crop rotation productivity by 11%.The decrease in humus stocks was the smallest - 24%. The organo-mineral fertilization system provided a higher content of nutrients in the soil, the greatest agronomic effect - up to 39.3 centners of grain units/ha, with an increase in productivity compared to the initial level by 16%. The decrease in humus stocks was 31%. To preserve the fertility of sod-podzolic soil with a high and very high content of mobile phosphorus and high potassium, it is enough to apply 230 and 280 kg of active substance per 1 hectare of crop rotation area (manure 10 t + NPK 100 and manure 10 t + NPK 150 kg of active substance), which will allow to obtain a positive balance of NPK +21 and +30 kg/ha, humus balance of +0.45 and +0.30 t/ha per year and crop rotation productivity of 33.7 and 35.7 kg of grain units/ha.
Prospects for using hemp and flax seeds as a source of food protein
Authors: Яковлева А.А. 
Published: July 2024

Современное питание населения всего мира характеризуется низкой пищевой ценностью, высокой калорийностью, дефицитом микронутриентов и пищевых волокон, а также избыточным содержанием насыщенных жирных кислот, добавленного сахара и недостаточным содержанием белка. По данным ВОЗ, население планеты живет в условиях белкового голода, поэтому проблема его дефицита в продуктах питания является актуальной. Одним из инновационных направлений в области пищевых технологий является открытие новых источников белка. В настоящее время в качестве такого источника становятся все более популярными семена технической конопли и льна. Семена этих культур характеризуются высоким содержанием белка: конопля – 20-30%, лен – 18-30%. Анализ литературных данных позволил установить, что белковые комплексы семян конопли и льна содержат все незаменимые аминокислоты, они особенно богаты фенилаланином (с тирозином) и метионином (с цистеином). Первой лимитирующей аминокислотой как для белка семян конопли, так и льна, является лизин, аминокислотный скор составил 68% и 81% соответственно. С учетом усвояемости белка показатель PDCAAS для белкового комплекса семян конопли составил 60%. Для семян льна расчет DIAAS по лизину составил 63%; DIAAS по метионину (с цистеином) в белке семян льна на 146% больше, чем в соевом белке. Комбинирование белка семян технической конопли и льна с другими белками, богатыми ароматическими и серосодержащими аминокислотами, является перспективным направлением для создания продуктов питания со сбалансированным аминокислотным профилем.
The modern diet of the world’s population is characterized by low nutritional value, high calorie content, a deficiency of micronutrients and dietary fiber, as well as an excessive content of saturated fatty acids, added sugar and insufficient protein content. According to WHO, the world’s population lives in conditions of protein starvation, so the problem of its deficiency in food is urgent. One of the innovative areas in the field of food technology is the discovery of new sources of protein. Currently, industrial hemp and flax seeds are becoming increasingly popular as such a source. The seeds of these crops are characterized by a high protein content: hemp - 20-30%, flax – 18-30%. An analysis of the literature data made it possible to establish that the protein complexes of hemp and flax seeds contain all the essential amino acids; they are especially rich in phenylalanine (with tyrosine) and methionine (with cysteine). The first limiting amino acid for both hemp and flax seed protein is lysine; the amino acid score was 68% and 81%, respectively. Based on protein digestibility, the PDCAAS score for hemp seed protein complex was 60%. For flax seeds, the DIAAS calculation for lysine was 63%; The DIAAS for methionine (with cysteine) in flax seed protein is 146% higher than that of soy protein. Combining industrial hemp and flax seed protein with other proteins rich in aromatic and sulfur-containing amino acids is a promising direction for creating food products with a balanced amino acid profile.
Association of Clinical Factors with the Development of GDM in the Hoosier Mom’s Cohort
Authors: Faysal Hani , Connelly Kay , Hayes Alexander , Kotarski Aric , Saha Chandan , Grecu Mitchell , Flannery Kathleen , Schmidt Haley , Haas David 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) develops during pregnancy, raising the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. The objective of this study was to investigate potential therapeutic targets for prepregnancy and early pregnancy interventions to decrease the impact of GDM on health during and after pregnancy. Methods: The Hoosier Mom’s Cohort was a prospective pregnancy cohort designed to assess for predictors of GDM. Inclusion criteria were gestational age <20 weeks, a singleton pregnancy, and being at least 18 years old. Individuals with a pregestational diabetes diagnosis, HbA1c at screening of ≥6.5, or abnormal 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test before 20 weeks of gestation were excluded. Study visits with survey completion and biospecimen collection occurred, one at enrollment, and one in the early third trimester. All participants were given a Garmin activity tracker to collect objective physical activity and sleep data. Sociodemographic, medical, behavioral, and psychosocial characteristics were obtained, and obstetric outcomes were abstracted after delivery by certified chart abstractors. The primary outcome was development of GDM. Associations between categorical variables and GDM were made with Chi-square testing, and those between continuous variables and GDM were done with t-test. Results: Of 411 participants recruited into the Hoosier Moms Cohort, complete data was available for 391 (95.1%). Participants had a mean age of 30 years, a BMI of 28, and 17% were of Hispanic ethnicity. Study participants self-identified mostly as White (71%) or Black (16%). 66% of participants were nulliparous. Additionally, 54% reported a family history of diabetes, with 4% of patients also reporting a prior history of GDM. A total of 39 participants (10.0%) developed GDM. Participants who developed GDM had significantly higher BMI at study entry (31.6 ±8.5 vs 27.2 ±6.5, p=0.003), lower probability of being nulliparous (15.38% vs 33.61%, p=0.02), higher baseline HbA1c values (5.24 ±0.3 vs 5.07 ±0.3, p<0.001), higher triglycerides levels (156.85 ±62 vs 134.16 ±54.5, p=0.022), and higher blood glucose values (85.90 ±14.4 vs 79.96 ±17.7, p=0.025) at first study visit. Additionally, 28% of participants who developed GDM had a prior history of GDM, compared to 2% of participants who did not (p<0.0001). Those who developed GDM had higher rates of chronic hypertension (12.82% vs 1.96%, p=0.0034) and higher insomnia scores (9.62 ±5.1 vs 7.80 ±4.7, p=0.028). Conclusion/ Implications: Multiple clinical factors were found to be statistically associated with the development of GDM. These characteristics will be utilized in a comprehensive predictive model using machine learning methodologies to guide clinical decisions early in pregnancy.
Quality Improvement Initiative to Optimize Management of Pregnancy of Unknown Location
Authors: McNitt-Johnson Megan , Shafique Mayra , Leestma Erine , Vilkins Annmarie 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Gynecology often gets consulted for patients with pregnancy of unknown location (PUL). Management is often delayed until a definitive diagnosis is made, despite the life-threatening nature of a missed or delayed diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. A patient may undergo multiple blood draws and ultrasounds and wait days prior to diagnosis and treatment. In collaboration with the emergency department, a protocol was created to standardize the management of patients with PUL. The goal was to decrease the time to final diagnosis of pregnancy location, the time to resolution of management, and the total healthcare costs. Methods: This was an IRB approved (#15137) QI initiative that involved retrospective analysis of patients prior to and after implementation of the protocol. The protocol centered around offering management options after trending 3 β-HCG values. Provider education was implemented via presentation at Grand Rounds and periodic emails. Chi-square, Wilcoxon rank sum, and Kaplan Meier estimation tests were used for analysis. Results: Compared to preimplementation there was a decrease in the number of days to diagnosis from 9 days to 6 days (p=0.008). The distribution of ultrasounds (as presented from 25th to 75th percentile) performed prior to resolution changed from [1,3] preimplementation to [1,2] postimplementation (p=0.044). There was no significant difference in days to resolution (p=0.984) or number of blood draws performed prior to diagnosis and resolution (p= 0.150 and p=0.711). Conclusion: The implementation of a protocol standardizing management of PUL resulted in decreased time to final diagnosis and the number of ultrasounds patients required prior to diagnosis. This protocol highlights the benefits of cost-conscious patient-centered care in a common area of gynecologic practice.
Investigating the Rates of Cesarean and Vaginal Deliveries Across Different Races and Ethnicities at Ascension St. Vincent Indianapolis
Authors: Wampfler Mary , Foster Todd , Milos Adrian , Moore Cara , Starke Courtney , Wittman Emma , Xu Guang , Ionescu Adina 
Published: July 2024

Background: Cesarean section remains one of the most common surgical procedures for women in the United States. Previous studies have shown higher rates in African-American and Asian women and lower rates among White and Hispanic women. The objective of this study is to investigate the rates of cesarean and vaginal deliveries across different races and ethnicities as well as languages spoken at our institution. Methods: A retrospective chart review was completed of nulliparous women with term, singleton, and vertex deliveries between 2015-2020. Factors increasing risk for cesarean or contraindications for vaginal delivery were excluded. Binomial logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate mode and delivery indications among racial and ethnic groups as well as among primary languages spoken. Results: White was the largest race reported (66.4%), followed by Black or African American (27.6%), then Asian (3.6%). “Other” or rather, “Non-Hispanic”, was the largest ethnicity reported (85.2%). Cross-tabulating race and ethnicities, the largest group was non-Hispanic White (54%), followed by Non-Hispanic Black or African American (26.5%), then Hispanic or Latino (10.8%). Primary languages were English (91.0%), followed by Spanish (5.7%), then Other (3.3%). Preliminary results showed statistically significant differences in age, BMI, insufficient prenatal care, and specific labor dystocia indications among different races and ethnicities. There were also differences among English vs Spanish vs “Other” languages but not in rates of vaginal and cesarean deliveries. The binomial logistic regression analysis showed that BMI and most labor dystocia positively correlated with cesarean delivery, whereas race/ethnicity, language, age, insufficient prenatal care, and induction status did not change the outcome. Conclusions: Racial and ethnic differences in mode of delivery have been previously documented in previous studies; although we did not find this at our institution. Our findings, however, show a positive relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and cesarean delivery, as has previously been documented.
Salud mental y pensamiento crítico en estudiantes universitarios: dos problemáticas abordadas desde la complejidad
Authors: Hernández de la Cruz Ana Lilia 
Published: July 2024

Este trabajo efectúa un análisis sobre dos desafíos presentes en los estudiantes universitarios, la salud mental y el pensamiento crítico, en seis estudios realizados en Latinoamérica que abonan información precisa. Se han generado aproximaciones desde la teoría de la complejidad del filósofo Edgar Morín que permiten reflexionar sobre el rol docente y su función guiadora en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Para ello, se consideran dos teorías educativas que dan cuenta de su utilidad en la enseñanza. Se concluye: la etapa universitaria se caracteriza por ser vulnerable, por lo cual, el acompañamiento del profesor, desde una perspectiva integral, es irremplazable.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Video terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas IV pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika di SDN Undaan Kidul 3 Demak
Authors: Maulida Lia Khusna , Nabila Putri Zidni , Arrodli Muhammad Asro , Amaliyah Fitriyah 
Published: July 2024

Mathematics is a science that is obtained through thinking and reasoning. However, Very often, elementary school students have difficulty understanding math lessons. Thus, Teachers must use creativity and imagination while using a range of instructional resources and media. Video learning is one example. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the effects of using video-based learning resources on the mathematical learning outcomes of students at SDN Undaan Kidul 3 Demak. Quantitative Pre-Experimental was used with the design of one pre-test and post-test group, and was carried out on grade IV students at SDN Undaan Kidul 3 Demak, with a sample consisting of 15 students, which included 5 female students and 10 male students. The data instruments used include tests (pretest and postest), questionnaires, interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of this study show that the use of video-based learning media improves students' learning ability, this is characterized by an increase in pretest and posttest to a higher level from the average score of 66 to 76.67. Therefore, Using video-based learning resources is crucial for raising elementary school pupils' mathematics proficiency
Reformasi Hukum Pidana Dalam Pertanggungjawaban Tindak Pidana Korporasi Membayar Upah Minimum Menggunakan Perhitungan Take Home Pay
Authors: Kabes Irianto , Widjajanti Ermania , Anggraini Anna Maria Tri 
Published: July 2024

Perusahaan di Kudus membayar gaji karyawan di bawah UMR yang dimana terdapat lima perseroan terbatas membayar gaji tidak sesuai dengan standar Kota tahun 2023, bentuk penerapan sanksi terhadap perusahaan tersebut adalah pembinaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perhitungan gaji yang mengelabui UMK dengan perhitungan take home pay dan melihat subjek hukum pertanggungjawaban korporasi dengan adanya reformasi hukum pidana. Penelitian dilaksanakan melalui metode penelitian hukum normatif dan naratif, memanfaatkan data sekunder buat menganalisis secara kualitatif, dan menyimpulkan yang akan terjadi dengan menggunakan akal deduktif. Hasil penelitian menujukan bahwa pembayaran upah minimum tidak sejalan dengan regulasi merupakan perbuatan pidana. Namun dalam implementasinya masih ada korporasi yang mengelabui aturan melalui perhitungan upah take home pay yang memasukan komponen upah pokok, tunjangan bersifat tetap dan tunjangan tidak bersifat tetap dalam upah minimum hal tersebut sudah dipastikan merupakan perbuatan tindak pidana. Pencegahan tindak pidana korporasi dapat dilakukan oleh pengawas ketenagakerjaan melalui preventif edukatif, represif non yustisial, represif yustisial, membayar upah di bawah standar minimum adalah pelanggaran hukum korporasi yang semula hanya di atur di luar KUHP. Dengan adanya reformasi aturan pidana yang memasukkan pertanggungjawaban korporasi menjadi subjek aturan yang pertanggungjawabannya dilakukan terhadap perusahaan, direktur atau pengurus yang menduduki jabatan fungsional, memberi petunjuk, pemegang kendali, dan/atau pemilik korporasi, melalui reformasi hukum pidana terdapat perubahan pidana dari paradigma absolut menjadi paradigma relatif. Di mana fokus pemidanaan bergeser dari pidana balas dendam menjadi pidana yang memperbaiki kerugian dengan dimasukan ketentuan tentang pembayaran ganti rugi.
Alterações oftalmológicas em recém-nascidos com sífilis congênita
Authors: Fischer Emelie Otilia 
Published: July 2024

A sífilis é uma doença sexualmente transmissível e pode ser transmitida ao feto por via vertical, por mães não tratadas ou inadequadamente tratadas durante a gestação. Na última década, o Brasil vem vivenciando um aumento progressivo na incidência de sífilis em gestantes e de sífilis congênita. Apesar dos investimentos realizados pelo Ministério da Saúde as taxas de diagnóstico se mantêm elevadas. Em aproximadamente 40% desses recém-nascidos são percebidas lesões pela formação de gomas sifilíticas em diversos: lesões faciais, auditivas, orofaciais, cutâneas, neurológicas, esqueléticas e oftalmológicas. As alterações oftalmológicas incluem ceratite intersticial, coriorretinite, vasculite retiniana, glaucoma secundário, cicatriz córnea e atrofia óptica. O presente estudo trata-se de uma análise retrospectiva dos pacientes que obtiveram diagnóstico de sífilis congênita e realizaram exame de fundoscopia entre os meses de janeiro de 2022 a março de 2023, durante a permanência no setor alojamento conjunto do Hospital Universitário Maria Aparecida Pedrossian (UFMS). Foi determinada uma amostra de 69 pacientes, dentre os quais 8 apresentaram laudo de lesão ocular decorrente de sífilis congênita e necessitaram de tratamento e acompanhamento das lesões.