bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fate of patients with extracorporeal lung assist as a bridge to lung transplantation versus patients without – a single-center experience
Authors: Lehmann S , Uhlemann M , Leontyev S , Meyer A , Garbade J , Seeburger J , Laflamme M , Bittner HB , Mohr FW 
Published: July 2014

Objectives: Mechanical lung assist (MLA; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or extracorporeal lung assist (ECLA)) is increasingly used as a temporary bridge to lung transplantation (LTx). This study was designed to evaluate the impact of preoperative MLA on the operative outcome, including longer-term survival, in comparison to patients undergoing LTx without preoperative MLA. Methods: A total of 143 patients underwent LTx at our institution from 2002 to 2011. Forty-three percent (n=62) of patients presented with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and 71% (n=102) presented with severely elevated pulmonary artery pressure. Results: Thirteen patients (9.1%) required pre-LTx MLA support (age 44 ±13 years, double LTx 73.3%, female gender 53%) whereas 130 patients did not (age 52 ±11 years, double LTx 41.5%, female gender 36.9%). In one patient, MLA was successfully weaned and the patient underwent subsequent LTx. All patients in the MLA group were intraoperatively supported with continuous ECMO. One patient had to be supported with MLA after LTx for a period of 8 days. The short-term and mid-term postoperative survival of the MLA patient group was not significantly different from the non-MLA group (LogRank p=0.28). The 30-day, 90-day and 1-year survivals were 95%, 90% and 71%, respectively, in the patients without MLA compared to 85%, 77% and 68% in the MLA group. Conclusions: MLA has no impact on long-term survival rate in LTx patients, but has an influence in postoperative survival. MLA support is a valuable tool to bridge unstable patients to LTx.
Associations between serum interleukin-23 levels and clinical characteristics in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Du Juan , Li Zongshu , Shi Jingwei , Bi Liqi 
Published: July 2014

Objective To analyse the association between serum interleukin (IL)-23 mRNA levels and clinical characteristics in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Serum IL-23 and IL-17 mRNA levels were quantified using real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction in patients with SLE and healthy controls. Disease activity was assessed using the SLE Disease Activity Index-2k. Results A total of 108 patients with SLE and 60 control subjects were recruited. IL-23 mRNA levels were significantly higher in patients with SLE compared with healthy controls, and in patients with SLE and renal involvement compared with SLE alone. IL-23 mRNA levels were not different between patients with active or inactive SLE, but the IL-17/IL-23 ratio was significantly higher in patients with active disease. IL-17 and IL-23 mRNA levels were strongly correlated. Conclusions Serum IL-23 mRNA was elevated in patients with SLE and renal disease, and the IL-17/IL-23 ratio was higher in patients with active SLE. These findings suggest that IL-23 may play an important role in SLE pathogenesis, and that the IL-17/IL-23 ratio may be useful biomarker for active disease.
High Injury Incidence in Adolescent Female Soccer
Authors: Clausen Mikkel Bek , Zebis Mette Kreutzfeldt , Møller Merete , Krustrup Peter , Hölmich Per , Wedderkopp Niels , Andersen Lars Louis , Christensen Karl Bang , Thorborg Kristian 
Published: July 2014

Background: Previous studies report varying rates of time-loss injuries in adolescent female soccer, ranging from 2.4 to 5.3 per 1000 athlete-exposures or 2.5 to 3.7 per 1000 hours of exposure. However, these studies collected data using traditional injury reports from coaches or medical staff, with methods that significantly underestimate injury rates compared with players’ self-reports. Purpose: The primary aim was to investigate the injury incidence in adolescent female soccer using self-reports via mobile telephone text messaging. The secondary aim was to explore the association between soccer exposure, playing level, and injury risk. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study and cohort study; Level of evidence, 2 and 3. Methods: During a full adolescent female soccer season in Denmark (February-June 2012), a population-based sample of 498 girls aged 15 to 18 years was included in the prospective registration of injuries. All players were enrolled on a team participating in Danish Football Association series. Soccer injuries and exposure were reported weekly by answers to standardized text message questions, followed by individual injury interviews. Soccer exposure and playing levels were chosen a priori as the only independent variables of interest in the risk factor analyses. Injury rates and relative risks were estimated using Poisson regression. Generalized estimation equations were used to take into account that players were clustered within teams. Results: There were 498 players who sustained a total of 424 soccer injuries. The incidence of injuries was 15.3 (95% CI, 13.1-17.8), the incidence of time-loss injuries was 9.7 (95% CI, 8.2-11.4), and the incidence of severe injuries was 1.1 (95% CI, 0.7-1.6) per 1000 hours of soccer exposure. Higher average exposure in injury-free weeks was associated with a lower injury risk ( P value for trend <.001), and players with low exposure (≤1 h/wk) were 3 to 10 times more likely to sustain a time-loss injury compared with other players ( P < .01). Playing level was not associated with the risk of time-loss injuries ( P = .18). Conclusion: The injury incidence in adolescent female soccer is high, and this includes many severe injuries. Players with low soccer participation (≤1 h/wk) have a significantly higher injury risk compared with players participating more frequently.
Incidence of Mechanical Complications of Central Venous Catheterization Using Landmark Technique
Authors: Calvache Jose-Andres , Rodríguez Maria-Virginia , Trochez Adolfo , Klimek Markus , Stolker Robert-Jan , Lesaffre Emmanuel 
Published: July 2014

Purpose: Central venous catheterization is a standard procedure in intensive care therapy. In developing countries, this intervention is frequently performed by physicians in training and without the availability of ultrasound guidance. Purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and potential risk factors for mechanical complications during central venous catheterization in an intensive care setting performed by a mixed group of practitioners without the use of adjunct ultrasound. Methods: Prospective observational cohort study in a university teaching hospital. Three hundred critically ill patients requiring their first central venous catheter insertion were enrolled. All patients were observed for 24 hours for mechanical complications (pneumothorax, hemothorax, arterial puncture, incorrect tip position, cardiac dysrhythmia, and/or subcutaneous hematoma). Potential associations with mechanical complications were adjusted using multivariable analysis. Main outcome was the cumulative incidence of mechanical complications. Results: The incidence of mechanical complications was 17% (n = 51). After covariate adjustment, the number of punctures was significantly related to mechanical complications. Compared with 1 puncture, 3 or more attempts were significantly associated with mechanical complications (odds ratio 3.62 [95% confidence interval 1.34-9.8]; P = .011). Experience of the operator was not associated with mechanical complications. Conclusions: The incidence of mechanical complications is affected by the number of punctures performed. After adjustment, the risk increases substantially with more than 3 attempts. Limiting the number of attempts, appropriate supervision and the use of ultrasound guidance when available are recommended for the further reduction in mechanical complications of central venous catheterization.
Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody as a marker of erosive arthritis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Budhram A , Chu R , Rusta-Sallehy S , Ioannidis G , Denburg JA , Adachi JD , Haaland DA 
Published: July 2014

Objective Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody is an established marker in the diagnosis and prognostication of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Infrequently, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients also develop a deforming erosive arthritis, similar to that of RA. Our objective was to determine whether anti-CCP antibody is a useful marker of erosive disease in SLE patients presenting with arthritis. Methods Electronic databases EMBASE, MEDLINE and non-indexed MEDLINE citations were searched through April 11, 2014, using the outlined key terms. Studies meeting predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were reviewed. Two reviewers independently assessed the quality of included articles using previously described criteria. The DerSimonian-Laird random effects model was used to calculate pooled sensitivity and specificity of anti-CCP antibody for erosive arthritis in SLE. Results Seven articles met inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 609 SLE patients with arthritis were identified, 70 of whom had erosive disease. Pooled sensitivity and specificity of anti-CCP antibody for erosive arthritis was 47.8% (95% CI, 26.2%–70.2%) and 91.8% (95% CI, 78.4%–97.2%), respectively. Conclusion Our findings suggest that anti-CCP antibody is a highly specific marker for erosive arthritis in SLE. Longitudinal prospective studies are needed to determine if anti-CCP antibody can be used as a predictor of erosive disease.
An Icelandic Version of McMasters Family Assessment Device (FAD)
Authors: Juliusdottir Gudlaug M. , Olafsdottir Hrefna 
Published: July 2014

Purpose: An analysis of the psychometric properties of an Icelandic version of McMasters Family Assessment Device (FAD) was conducted in this study. Method: Two groups, clinical and nonclinical, comprising of 529 parents answered the FAD. The study examined the internal reliability and discriminant validity of the instrument in addition to examining construct validity using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Results: The theoretically based original FAD is reliable where the total scale had high α, .95. The factors found for the Icelandic FAD were not as reliable as the original FAD. The discriminant validity showed that the clinical group scored higher (more dysfunctional) than the nonclinical group in most dimensions of both original FAD and the Icelandic FAD. The eight factors extracted in an EFA were different from the original factors. Discussion: The Icelandic FAD possesses good psychometric properties, although its factor structure differs from the original FAD. The results are promising and merit continued application.
Measuring Therapeutic Alliance With Children in Residential Treatment and Therapeutic Day Care
Authors: Roest Jesse , van der Helm Peer , Strijbosch Eefje , van Brandenburg Mariëtte , Stams Geert Jan 
Published: July 2014

Purpose: This study examined the construct validity and reliability of a therapeutic alliance measure (Children’s Alliance Questionnaire [CAQ]) for children with psychosocial and/or behavioral problems, receiving therapeutic residential care or day care in the Netherlands. Methods: Confirmatory factor analysis of a one-factor model “therapeutic alliance” was conducted on two samples of 115 and 116 children, aged 4–14 years. Reliability analysis and concurrent validity were examined. Results: Results showed a good fit to the data, indicating construct validity of the measures. Cronbach’s α reliability coefficients were good for both alliance measures. Concurrent validity was supported by significant relations between the alliance scale and positive group climate (Group Climate Instrument for Children [GCIC]) and treatment motivation (Adolescent Treatment Motivation Questionnaire). No correlations with negative group climate (GCIC) were found. Discussion: The CAQ can be used as an assessment tool for therapeutic alliance within both residential treatment and therapeutic day care settings for children.
Efficacy and safety of delayed-release dimethyl fumarate in patients newly diagnosed with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS)
Authors: Gold Ralf , Giovannoni Gavin , Phillips J Theodore , Fox Robert J , Zhang Annie , Meltzer Leslie , Kurukulasuriya Nuwan C 
Published: July 2014

Background: Delayed-release dimethyl fumarate (DMF) demonstrated efficacy and safety in the Phase 3 DEFINE and CONFIRM trials. Objective: To evaluate delayed-release DMF in newly diagnosed relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients, in a post-hoc analysis of integrated data from DEFINE and CONFIRM. Methods: Patients included in the analysis were diagnosed with RRMS within 1 year prior to study entry and naive to MS disease-modifying therapy. Results: The newly diagnosed population comprised 678 patients treated with placebo ( n = 223) or delayed-release DMF 240 mg BID ( n = 221) or TID ( n = 234). At 2 years, delayed-release DMF BID and TID reduced the annualized relapse rate by 56% and 60% (both p < 0.0001), risk of relapse by 54% and 57% (both p < 0.0001), and risk of 12-week confirmed disability progression by 71% ( p < 0.0001) and 47% ( p = 0.0085) versus placebo. In a subset of patients (MRI cohort), delayed-release DMF BID and TID reduced the mean number of new or enlarging T2-hyperintense lesions by 80% and 81%, gadolinium-enhancing lesion activity by 92% and 92%, and mean number of new non-enhancing T1-hypointense lesions by 68% and 70% (all p < 0.0001 versus placebo). Flushing and gastrointestinal events were associated with delayed-release DMF. Conclusion: Delayed-release DMF improved clinical and neuroradiological outcomes relative to placebo in newly diagnosed RRMS patients.
Analysis of Low-Field MRI Scanners for Evaluation of Shoulder Pathology Based on Arthroscopy
Authors: Lee Christopher S. , Davis Shane M. , McGroder Claire , Kouk Shalen , Sung Ryan M. , Stetson William B. , Powell Scott E. 
Published: July 2014

Background: Many studies have compared the diagnostic capabilities of low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners to high-field MRI scanners; however, few have evaluated the low-field MRI diagnoses compared with intraoperative findings. Purpose: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of low-field MRI scanners in diagnosing lesions of the rotator cuff and glenoid labrum. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Over a 2-year period, MRI examinations without intra-articular contrast were performed on 79 patients for shoulder pathologies using an in-office 0.2-T extremity scanner. The MRI examinations were read by board-certified, musculoskeletal fellowship–trained radiologists. All patients underwent shoulder arthroscopy performed by a single sports fellowship–trained orthopaedic surgeon within a mean time of 56 days (range, 8-188 days) after the MRI examination. The mean patient age was 54 years (range, 18-81 years). Operative notes from the shoulder arthroscopies were then retrospectively reviewed by a single blinded observer, and the intraoperative findings were compared with the MRI reports. Results: For partial-thickness rotator cuff tears, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 85%, 89%, 79%, and 92%, respectively. For full-thickness rotator cuff tears, the respective values were 97%, 100%, 100%, and 98%. For anterior labral lesions, the values were 86%, 99%, 86%, and 99%, and for superior labral anterior-posterior (SLAP) lesions, the values were 20%, 100%, 100%, and 79%, respectively. Conclusion: Low-field MRI is an accurate tool for evaluation of partial- and full-thickness rotator cuff tears; however, it is not effective in diagnosing SLAP lesions. More information is needed to properly assess its ability to diagnose anterior and posterior labral lesions.
miR-142-3p acts as an essential modulator of neutrophil development in zebrafish
Authors: Fan Hong-Bo , Liu Yi-Jie , Wang Lei , Du Ting-Ting , Dong Mei , Gao Li , Meng Zhao-Zheng , Jin Yi , Chen Yi , Deng Min , Yang Huang-Tian , Jing Qing , Gu Ai-Hua , Liu Ting-Xi , Zhou Yong 
Published: July 2014

Key PointsThe miR-142-3p double mutant zebrafish displayed aberrant neutrophil hypermaturation and homeostasis in myelopoiesis. Abnormal activation of IFN-γ signaling mediated the impaired neutrophil development in miR-142-3p–deficient zebrafish.
Lenalidomide inhibits the proliferation of CLL cells via a cereblon/p21WAF1/Cip1-dependent mechanism independent of functional p53
Authors: Fecteau Jessie-F. , Corral Laura G. , Ghia Emanuela M. , Gaidarova Svetlana , Futalan Diahnn , Bharati Ila Sri , Cathers Brian , Schwaederlé Maria , Cui Bing , Lopez-Girona Antonia , Messmer Davorka , Kipps Thomas J. 
Published: July 2014

Key PointsLenalidomide inhibits CLL proliferation in a cereblon/p21-dependent manner. Treatment with lenalidomide induces p21 in CLL independent of p53.
A multidisciplinary materials characterization of a Joannes Marcus viol (16thcentury)
Authors: Bonizzoni Letizia , Canevari Claudio , Galli Anna , Gargano Marco , Ludwig Nicola , Malagodi Marco , Rovetta Tommaso 
Published: July 2014

Abstract

Background
Several musical instruments in the past centuries were decorated with engravings, inlays, or paintings. This paper focuses on an integrated approach to detect and characterize the kind of dyes when used for the decorations. The multi analytical campaign was performed on a viol made by Joannes Marcus in the second half of the 16th century. The instrument has been shattered during World War II, and the fragments are now held in Conservatorio Giuseppe Verdi in Milan; they still conserve the original black and white purflings and the painted decorations. The study is of critical importance since Joannes Marcus worked in the sixteenth century and, in this very period, some executive features were introduced in musical instrument making, which are now veritable standards for this kind of instruments.

Results
At first, UV fluorescence examination and reflectographic analysis have been performed on the different fragments in order to characterize, respectively, the distribution of varnishes and glues on the surface and to select the areas treated with metal-gall inks that result transparent by long wave IR reflectographic technique. The materials were therefore characterized with X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) microanalyses and Micro-Infrared Spectroscopy (μFT-IR) techniques. In particular, the metallic elements present in the dyes where revealed through XRF and SEM-EDX, while μFT-IR gave details about organic binders. Elemental compositions obtained for the black decorations allowed to distinguish original parts of the fragments from those restored or remade.

Conclusions
The characterization of materials performed by our multi analytical approach, allowed us to get a deep knowledge of the technology of this ancient viol maker.
In particular, the varnishes are probably composed by a diterpenic and/or triterpenic resin. In the same way, in a few traces of glue the presence of proteinaceous substances have been individuated. As for the brush-decorated area, they present a preparation layer rich in feldspars on which a black layer of carbon black particles is applied. On the other hand the purfling areas are colored by an iron-gall dye. In particular the usage of a different ink allowed to identify restored areas.
Alzheimer’s disease drug-development pipeline: few candidates, frequent failures
Authors: Cummings Jeffrey L , Morstorf Travis , Zhong Kate 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is increasing in frequency as the global population ages. Five drugs are approved for treatment of AD, including four cholinesterase inhibitors and an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor antagonist. We have an urgent need to find new therapies for AD.

Methods
We examined Clinicaltrials.gov, a public website that records ongoing clinical trials. We examined the decade of 2002 to 2012, to better understand AD-drug development. We reviewed trials by sponsor, sites, drug mechanism of action, duration, number of patients required, and rate of success in terms of advancement from one phase to the next. We also reviewed the current AD therapy pipeline.

Results
During the 2002 to 2012 observation period, 413 AD trials were performed: 124 Phase 1 trials, 206 Phase 2 trials, and 83 Phase 3 trials. Seventy-eight percent were sponsored by pharmaceutical companies. The United States of America (U.S.) remains the single world region with the greatest number of trials; cumulatively, more non-U.S. than U.S. trials are performed. The largest number of registered trials addressed symptomatic agents aimed at improving cognition (36.6%), followed by trials of disease-modifying small molecules (35.1%) and trials of disease-modifying immunotherapies (18%). The mean length of trials increases from Phase 2 to Phase 3, and the number of participants in trials increases between Phase 2 and Phase 3. Trials of disease-modifying agents are larger and longer than those for symptomatic agents. A very high attrition rate was found, with an overall success rate during the 2002 to 2012 period of 0.4% (99.6% failure).

Conclusions
The Clinicaltrials.gov database demonstrates that relatively few clinical trials are undertaken for AD therapeutics, considering the magnitude of the problem. The success rate for advancing from one phase to another is low, and the number of compounds progressing to regulatory review is among the lowest found in any therapeutic area. The AD drug-development ecosystem requires support.
Amphiphilic Organosilane-directed Synthesis of Mesoporous ZSM-5 Zeolite Crystals with a Chain-like Morphology
Authors: He Daoping , Liu Dongliang 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Mesoporous zeolites with a chain-like morphology were synthesized by adding a rationally designed carbamate-linked organosilane to conventional alkaline zeolite synthesis mixtures. The structure was confirmed by a complementary combination of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and nitrogen adsorption–desorption measurements. The XRD patterns and SEM images of the samples acquired at different crystallization time clearly showed the change of crystallinity and the forming process of the morphology.
Switching between Solid and Liquid Phases of Spiropyran by Photochromic Reaction
Authors: Uchida Emi , Azumi Reiko , Norikane Yasuo 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The colorless liquid spiropyran possessing long alkyl chains (SP1822) is transformed to the colored merocyanine state upon UV irradiation. Then, two different solids (J- and H-aggregates) are formed selectively depending on the temperature. These aggregates are converted independently to the initial liquid thermally and photochemically.