bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The OHStat guidelines for reporting observational studies and clinical trials in oral health research: manuscript checklist
Authors: Best A.M. , Lang T.A. , Greenberg B.L. , Gunsolley J.C. , Ioannidou E. ,   Task Force on Design and Analysis in Oral Health Research
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Adequate and transparent reporting is necessary for critically appraising published research, yet ample evidence suggests that the design, conduct, analysis, interpretation, and reporting of oral health research could be greatly improved. Accordingly, the Task Force on Design and Analysis in Oral Health Research, statisticians and trialists from academia and industry, identified the minimum information needed to report and evaluate observational studies and clinical trials in oral health: the OHStat guidelines. Drafts were circulated to the editors of 85 oral health journals and to Task Force members and sponsors and discussed at a December 2020 workshop attended by 49 researchers. The guidelines were subsequently revised by the Task Force writing group. The guidelines draw heavily from the Consolidated Standards for Reporting Trials (CONSORT), Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology, and CONSORT harms guidelines, and incorporate the SAMPL guidelines for reporting statistics, the CLIP principles for documenting images, and the GRADE indicating the quality of evidence. The guidelines also recommend reporting estimates in clinically meaningful units using confidence intervals, rather than relying on P values. In addition, OHStat introduces seven new guidelines that concern the text itself, such as checking the congruence between abstract and text, structuring the discussion, and listing conclusions to make them more specific. OHStat does not replace other reporting guidelines; it incorporates those most relevant to dental research into a single document. Manuscripts using the OHStat guidelines will provide more information specific to oral health research.
Rational Pharmacotherapy in Type 2 Diabetes: Danish Data From 2002 to 2020 on Mortality, Diabetes- Related Outcomes, Adverse Events, and Medication Expenses
Authors: Johansson Karl Sebastian , Jimenez-Solem Espen , Petersen Tonny Studsgaard , Christensen Mikkel Bring 
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE
Developments in pharmacotherapy and management of type 2 diabetes may have shifted the balance of treatment benefits versus harms and costs over the past decades. This study aimed to describe the trends in this balance.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We followed the Danish population with type 2 diabetes between 2002 and 2020, analyzing their medication use in relation to treatment benefits (such as mortality and diabetes-related outcomes), adverse events, and medication costs. Using multivariate analyses, we adjusted for potential confounders, including age, sex, and socioeconomic status.

RESULTS
The study included 461,805 individuals. From 2002 to 2020, the median age increased from 66 to 68 years, and the mean number of comorbidities increased from 5.2 to 8.8. The overall incidence of cardiovascular, renal, and other important adverse clinical outcomes decreased. Similarly, the rate of some adverse events, such as gastric bleeding, hypoglycemia, and falls declined, whereas the incidence of electrolyte imbalances and ketoacidosis increased. The average per-patient cost was reduced by 8%, but total medication expenses increased by 148% due to an expanding population size, lowered costs of most cardiovascular medications, and increasing costs for glucose-lowering drugs.

CONCLUSIONS
Advancements in type 2 diabetes management have led to reduced risk of both diabetes-related outcomes and treatment harms, while maintaining relatively stable per-patient medication expenses. Although these trends are multifactorial, they suggest more rational pharmacotherapy. Still, increased risk of certain adverse events, along with increasing costs for glucose-lowering medications, underscores the need for ongoing vigilance and risk-benefit analysis.
An in vitro study on the influence of laser-activated irrigation on infiltration and leakage of a dual curing-resin cement as an endodontic sealer
Authors: Marger Laurine , Abdelaziz Marwa , Bella Enrico di , Krejci Ivo , Anton y Otero Clara Isabel 
Published: July 2024

Objectives: The study aims to investigate the effects of laser-activated irrigation on infiltration and microleakage of a dual-curing resin cement applied as a root canal sealer.
Methods: Thirty-eight extracted upper molars were attributed to four experimental groups. Roots were mechanically enlarged and disinfected (NaOCl). Control samples (n = 11) were irrigated with conventional needles and three different lasers were used to activate the irrigant in the other groups (n = 9): 2.94 µm Er:YAG laser, 9,300 µm CO2 laser and 808 nm diode laser with a modified black coated laser tip. Final irrigation was performed in each group with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and sodium chloride (NaCl) activated with lasers and in the control without activation.Dentin tubules were then labeled with a red fluorophore (Rhodamine B) and the root canals were sealed with a dual-curing resin cement (Paracore). The cement fixed the dye on the sealed and infiltrated dentin parts. To remove the Rhodamine not fixed by the cement, roots were then sectioned horizontally and immersed in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The empty dentin tubules spaces were then labeled with a green fluorophore (Fluorescein) allowing the visualization of infiltration and microleakage by confocal microscopy.
Results: Percentages of infiltration were significantly higher in the middle root third of the control and Er:YAG laser-activated samples compared to CO2 or diode laser groups. Microleakage was present in all experimental groups but significantly less after CO2 laser activation.
Conclusion: Laser-activated irrigation impacted resin cement infiltration and microleakage dependent on the applied wavelength. Er:YAG laser activation led to higher values of infiltration and microleakage compared to CO2 and diode lasers.
A SIMPLIFIED SCHEME FOR DEVELOPING THE TOLERANCE FACTORS FOR SOME CRYSTAL STRUCTURES
Authors: Sidey V.I. 
Published: July 2024

The tolerance factor, developed and proposed by Goldschmidt to estimate the stability limits of the cubic perovskite ABX3 structural type for a given chemical composition, has been widely used in solid state chemistry and physics as well as in the related fields of science. Based on the idealized cubic perovskite structure and the ionic radii of the constituents r(A), r(B), and r(X), Goldschmidt derived the formula for the tolerance factor as the ratio between the sums of the ionic radii of cations and anions, {[r(A) + r(X)] / (√2 × [r(B) + r(X)])}, which is equal to 1 in the ideal perovskite structures. From the obtained value of the tolerance factor, it is possible to make reliable predictions about the possibility of the existence of a cubic perovskite phase of a given chemical composition.
The convenience of using the Goldschmidt tolerance factor in the studies of perovskite structures prompted some researchers to begin searching for similar indicators for representatives of other scientifically and technologically important structural families. However, despite the mathematical correctness of the final formulas of the alternative tolerance factors, the derivation of these formulas in a number of works seems to be unnecessarily complicated.
In the present work, a simplified approach has been proposed for developing the alternative tolerance factors from the geometric characteristics of regular coordination polyhedra – namely, from the relationships between the edges and the circumscribed sphere radii of such polyhedra. The proposed approach can be used to derive the tolerance factors formulas for any crystal structures containing regular or nearly regular coordination polyhedra of different types with the same edge lengths.
Pengembangan Multimedia Dalam Pembelajaran IPA Menggunakan Adobe Animate Pada Pokok Bahasan Tata Surya Kelas VII Mts As’adiyah No.34 Doping
Authors: S M. Fikram , Anggereni Santih , Jusman  , Ashar Hasbullahair , Dani Ali Umar 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Research and Development (R&D) yang bertujuan untuk, (1) mendeskripsikan proses pengembangan multimedia dalam pembelajaran IPA menggunakan Adobe Animate, (2) mendeskripsikan kualitas multimedia dalam pembelajaran IPA menggunakan Adobe Animate ditinjau dari kevalidan, kepratisan, keefektifan. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model DDD-E yang terdiri dari 4 langkah yaitu Decide, Desing, Develop, dan Evaluate . penelitian ini dilaksanakan di MTS As’Adiyah no.34 Doping, kecamatan Penrang, Kabupaten Wajo. Subjek panelitian terdiri dari 2 yaitu subjek utama dan subjek uji coba. Subjek utama berjumlah 2 orang yang menjadi tim validator produk. Subjek uji coba berjumlah 29 orang peserta didik kelas VII A dan D. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat validitas produk yang dikembangkan setelah melewati tahap validasi akhir berada pada kategori validitas tinggi dengan nilai validitas sebesar 0,97. Hasil analisis kepraktisan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 97% peserta didik memberikan tanggapan praktis terhadap produk yang dikembangkan, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa multimedia yang dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria praktis. Tingkat keefektifan penggunaan multimedia dilihat dari analisis tes hasil belajar diperoleh persentase tingkat ketuntasan sebesar 76 % dan berdasarkan hasil analisis tes hasil belajar thitung = 3,951 > ttabel = 2,012 sehingga multimedia dapat dikatakan efektif untuk digunakan.
Implikasi dari penelitian ini yaitu bahwa multimedia yang dikembangkan memberikan kemudahan kepada peserta didik dalam memahami materi yang disajikan dalam produk yang dikembangkan.
Improving Student Learning Outcomes Applying The Teams Games Tournament (TGT) Cooperative Learning Model in Class VIII Science Learning
Authors: Saputri Ersa , Sriwahyuni Eka , Fajriyani  
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan agar dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA kelas VIII A SMP Muhammadiyah Parepare. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Observasi, dokumentasi dan hasil tes merupakan teknik pengumpilan data yang digunakan, teknik analisis data yang dipakai adalah metode kualitatif, dengan subjek penelitian kelas VIII A SMP Muhammadiyah Parepare.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan strategi pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Game Tournament (TGT) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik . Hal tersebut dapat dibuktikan dengan hasil penelitian penerapan model pembelajaran TGT pada kondisi awal untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas VIII A SMP Muhammadiyah Parepare dengan hasil belajar peserta didik hanya sampai 25%, kemudian mencapai 55% pada siklus satu dan 85% pada siklus dua, sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa hasil belajar dapat meningkat. Pembelajaran TGT di SMP Muhammadiyah Parepare Kelas VIII A dapat mengoptimalkan hasil belajar peserta didik selama proses pembelajaran, dibuktikan dengan adanya indikator pemahaman, perhatian, keterlibatan dan kerjasama. Tingkat aktivitas peserta didik secara keseluruhan pada siklus I sebesar 54,37%, dan meningkat pada siklus II sebesar 71,87%.
BUSINESS PROCESS TRANSFORMATION AND ITS INFLUENCE ON MARKETING PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES WAJO SILK IN SOUTH SULAWESI
Authors: Awaluddin Murtiadi , Sijal Mutakallim , Sylvana Andi 
Published: July 2024

The aims of this research are to determine : (1) the influence of business process orientation on customer orientation and competitor orientation in small and medium silk businesses; (2) the influence of customer orientation and competitor orientation on innovation orientation in small and medium silk businesses; (3) the influence of innovation orientation on the marketing performance of small and medium silk enterprises; (4) the influence of business process orientation on innovation orientation through customer orientation and competitor orientation in small and medium silk enterprises; (5) the influence of business process orientation on marketing performance through customer orientation, competitor orientation and innovation orientation in small and medium silk businesses. The sampling technique used purposive sampling.Sample size plays an important role in estimating and interpreting the results of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis, with the estimation model using maximum likelihood (ML), so the number of samples determined in thisstudy was 160 respondents. The analytical method used in this research is structural equation modeling (SEM). The conclusions of this research are as follows:(1) business process orientation has a positive and significant effect on customer orientation and competitor orientation in small and medium silk businesses; (2) customer orientation and competitor orientation have a positive and significant effect on innovation orientation in small and medium silk businesses; (3) innovation orientation has a positive and significant effect on the marketing performance of small and medium silk enterprises; (4) business process orientation has a positive and significant effect on innovation orientation through customer orientation and competitor orientation in small and medium silk businesses; (5) business process orientation has a positive and significant effect on marketing performance through customer orientation, competitor orientation and innovation orientation in small and medium silk businesses.
Pengembangan E-Modul Fisika Berbasis Model Problem Based Learning Materi Getaran Harmonis Sederhana
Authors: Feziyasti Azifa , Putra Amali , Sundari Putri Dwi 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan dikembangkannya e-modul berbasis model Problem Based Learning. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan studi litarur dan studi lapangan. Adapun jenis penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Pada studi lapangan, pengumpulan data diperoleh analisis kebutuhan guru dari lembar wawancara dan analisis kebutuhan peserta didik dari instrumen angket. E-modul yang dikembangkan secara sistematis memiliki fitur gambar, animasi, video, dan kuis interaktif yang dapat digunakan secara mandiri oleh peserta didik. Pengembangan e-modul berbasis model Problem Based Learning menggunakan fitur pada aplikasi Flip PDF Proffesional. Analisis kebutuhan guru berupa wawancara dilakukan untuk memperoleh informasi berupa apakah guru menggunakan bahan ajar elektronik, jenis bahan ajar yang digunakan, dan model pembelajaran yang digunakan dikelas. Adapun analisis kebutuhan pada 36 peserta didik kelas X IPA 2 diketahui peserta didik diperbolehkan menggunakan Handphone di kelas, selain itu sekolah juga menyediakan wi-fi untuk kebutuhan belajar. Sebanyak 94,4 % peserta didik senang jika bahan ajar memiliki fitur gambar, animasi, video dan kuis interaktif, 66,7% peserta didik merasa bahan ajar yang digunakan belum mencukupi kebutuhan belajar dan peserta didik merasa materi pada getaran harmonis sederhana pada bahan ajar tersebut sulit dipahami. Selain itu, 88,9 % peserta didik memerlukan sumber belajar yang dapat dipahami secara mandiri dan 91,7 % peserta didik tertarik belajara menggunakan e-modul. Dari hasil analisis tersebut dapat disimpulkan pentingnya dikembangkannya e-modul berbasis model Problem Based Learning materi Getaran Harmonis Sederhana.
Preparation of Nano Membranes with Triethylenetetramine Dihydrochloride (TETA-DH) and Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) for Seawater Desalination
Authors: Alghamdi Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Seawater Desalination uses hydrophobic membranes. Many techniques have been developed to improve membrane hydrophobicity by depositing particles on the membrane surface. In this study, a nanocomposite membrane utilizing Triethylenetetramine (TETA) is suggested. The membrane incorporates Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) in conjunction with Triethylenetetramine Dihydrochloride (TETA-DH). In water bath, different percentages of TETA-DH films are formed. Electro-spin fabrication of MWCNTs using TETA-DH yields smooth, low-pore membranes. Membranes and their characteristics are identified by contact angle, layer thickness, and conductivity measurements. Membrane performance is examined for heat flux and salt rejection. Compared to commercial membranes, the proposed membrane exhibits superior antifouling and anti-wetting features. The membrane exhibited permeation and rejection ratio of 46 Kg m2 h−1 and 99.99% respectively which is superior as compared with other membranes. The hydrophilic Surface Modifying Macromolecules percentage (LSMM%) is evaluated because it depends on average pore size, hydrophobicity, surface porosity, and shape. The tests demonstrate the excellent performance of the proposed membrane for controlling membrane fouling.
Hydrochloric acid producing higher purity of glucosamine than sulfuric acid: a comparison study with different detection approaches
Authors: Kornrawudaphikasama Yosita , Laokua Natwikar , Rittiyan Nutnicha , Klinsalee Rachaneekorn , Tonawut Yothawut , Preechaphonkul Nathanan , Pikulthong Narongwit , Maneeruttanarungroj Cherdsak 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this study, HCl and H2SO4 were used to compare the best conditions for producing glucosamine from the dry chitin of shrimp shells. The results showed that for HCl hydrolysis, the most favored conditions were 12 M, 80 °C, 2 hours, and a chitin-to-acid volume ratio of 1:20, whereas, for H2SO4 hydrolysis, the most favored conditions were 6 M, 90 °C, 5 hours, and a chitin to acid volume ratio of 1:20. HCl produced pured glucosamine with a higher yield than H2SO4. Additionally, our findings indicated that glucosamine could be detected using a UV detector with a weak signal, whereas we recommended using an RI detector for a comparably stronger signal. Our production maximum yield of 283.9 ± 13.8 mg Gln g−1 chitin from HCl hydrolysis was comparable to that of other studies, with a comparison between using HCl and H2SO4 being highlighted.
Optimization of the biofuel production by idealized fermentation of the animal manure, chicken wastes, and sewage sludge
Authors: Afifi Mohamed M. I. , El-Shehawy Ashraf A. , Ali Fatma A. A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study aims to optimize an economic procedure to produce biogas and bio-ethanol from different organic wastes such as sewage sludge (SS) and/or cattle dung (CD) and/or poultry manure (PM). The experiment was carried out at a wastewater treatment plant in Egypt. Each waste type was mixed with the starter, CaCO3, and water then loaded in a fermenter and kept for 35 days at 35 °C under the anaerobic digestion. The evolved volume of the biogas and the content of methane CH4 were measured daily while the cellulase and protease enzymes were tested every four days. Results have indicated that the digester containing the SS has produced the greatest biogas volume (L) 27.45 Lb/D/d (liters biogas/digester/day), 0.61 Lb/D contents’ volume/d, and cumulative 606.30 Lb/D during the 16th day. Significant CH4 volume percentages produced during the 17th day were 72.07, 71.16, and 71.11% while the produced bio-ethanol alcohol was 2.47, 2.32, and 1.99% from the SS, CD, and PM, respectively. The procedure efficiency is prominent by the production of the biogases and in-situ activating enzymes all in one reactor that was periodically monitored for its reactants and product content. No need for the pre-treatment of wastes as raw materials or chemical additives and the fermented residue can be further tested for soil fertilization. These wastes can be promising for bio-energy production being economic and environment friendly.
Response surface methodology approach for optimization of biosorption process for removal of Hg(II) ions by immobilized Algal biomass Coelastrella sp.
Authors: AlSarji Ali Hussine , Al-Humairi Shurooq Talib , AlMukhtar Riyadh Sadeq , Alardhi Saja Mohsen , Sulyman Mohamed , Fattah I.M.R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Currently, adsorption stands as a viable technique for the effective removal of pollutants such as heavy metals from water. Within this research endeavor, adapted green algae (Coelastrella sp.) have been harnessed as a sustainable and environmentally conscious adsorbent, employed in the removal of Hg(II) ions from a simulated aqueous solution via employment of an Airlift bioreactor. The analysis of the attributes of adsorbent was conducted through the utilization of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The examination of residual concentrations of Hg(II) ions in the treated solution was accomplished through the utilization of atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The impact of various experimental factors, including the duration of contact (ranging from 10 to 90 minutes), initial concentrations of Hg(II) ions (ranging from 500 to 2000 μg/l), quantity of adsorbent introduced (ranging from 0.1 to 0.7 g per 250 ml), temperature variations (ranging from 20 to 40 °C), and airflow velocity (ranging from 200 to 300 ml/min), was systematically examined. For the optimization of adsorption efficiency, MINITAB 18 software was employed. The equilibrium data was subjected to analysis using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models. Employing the framework recommended by MINITAB 18, the optimal parameters for adsorption were identified as 2000 μg/l for initial concentration, 90 minutes for contact time, 40 °C for temperature, and 300 ml/min for airflow rate. The Langmuir equation yielded the highest adsorption capacity, measuring 750 μg/g at a temperature of 40 °C.
UV irradiation grafting of butyl acrylate on polyimide membrane for enhanced lubricant solvent recovery
Authors: Shi Huilong , Shi Deqing , Liu Bowen , Li Chengshuai , Chen Hongjie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
As one single membrane material could not fulfill the requests of chemical stability, mechanical strength, and resistance to pollution in practical applications. Modifications of the membrane to improve its separation performance were of great significance. In this study, UV irradiation grafting modification was employed and butyl acrylate was selected as a modification monomer for polyimide membrane to improve its lipophilicity and separation efficiency in lubricant solvent recovery. And effects of monomer concentration, irradiation distance, and grafting time on the grafting results and separation properties of modified polyimide membranes were investigated. The results exhibited that modified polyimide membranes obtained an enhanced lubricant retention rate compared with raw membranes, which increased from 66.5% to 93.1%. The industrial test for 40 days proved the great stability of modified polyimide membranes. Overall, this work confirmed the good industrial utilization potential of modified polyimide membranes and offered an effective way for lubricant solvent recovery.