bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced bone healing around nanohydroxyapatite-coated polyetheretherketone implants: An experimental study in rabbit bone
Authors: Barkarmo S , Andersson M , Currie F , Kjellin P , Jimbo R , Johansson CB , Stenport V 
Published: July 2014

Objective To investigate the bone response to threaded polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implants coated with nanohydroxyapatite. Materials and methods A total of 39 PEEK implants were coated with nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and 39 uncoated implants were used as controls. The implant surface was characterized by optical interferometry and scanning electron microscope. The implants were inserted in the tibia and femur of 13 rabbits. After 6 weeks of healing, quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed. Results The test implants showed significantly higher removal torque test values compared with the control group. Histomorphometric evaluation demonstrated higher bone-to-implant contact for the test implants; however, there were no differences in bone area between the groups. Qualitative histological analyses demonstrated inflammatory cellular reactions in close vicinity of both implant surfaces. A two-cell layer of foreign body giant cells was observed irrespective of sample type. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that implants with a threaded design render good stability to PEEK in both coated and uncoated implants. Nanohydroxyapatite-coated PEEK implants demonstrated improved bone formation compared with uncoated controls.
Direct and Indirect Assessments of Activities of Daily Living in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia and Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Lima-Silva Thais Bento , Bahia Valéria Santoro , Carvalho Viviane Amaral , Guimarães Henrique Cerqueira , Caramelli Paulo , Balthazar Márcio Luiz Figueredo , Damasceno Benito , Bottino Cássio Machado de Campos , Brucki Sônia Maria Dozzi , Nitrini Ricardo , Yassuda Mônica Sanches 
Published: July 2014

Background: There is limited information about the functional profile of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). Objective: To compare direct and indirect assessments of activities of daily living (ADLs) in bvFTD and Alzheimer disease (AD) and their relationship with cognitive performance. Methods: In all, 20 patients with bvFTD, 30 patients with AD, and 34 normal controls (NCs), matched for age, education, and severity of dementia, completed the Direct Assessment of Functional Performance (DAFS-BR) and usual cognitive measures. The Disability Assessment for Dementia (DAD) was completed by caregivers. Results: In DAFS-BR, patients with bvFTD and AD had similar performance but lower than NCs. In DAD, there were no significant differences for effective performance, but patients with bvFTD had lower scores for initiation and planning/organization. Patients with bvFTD were less impaired than AD in cognition. Conclusion: Functional changes in bvFTD seem to be better documented by indirect measures.
Outcomes Following Microfracture in Grade 3 and 4 Articular Cartilage Lesions of the Ankle
Authors: Clanton Thomas O. , Johnson Nicholas S. , Matheny Lauren M. 
Published: July 2014

Background: The purpose of this study was to document outcomes following microfracture of articular cartilage lesions of the ankle. Our hypothesis was that patients who underwent ankle microfracture would have good to excellent outcomes. Methods: This study was institutional review board approved. Patients older than 18 years who underwent ankle microfracture surgery for Outerbridge grade 3 or 4 articular cartilage lesions, by a single surgeon, were included. Detailed intraoperative findings were documented at surgery. Patients completed a questionnaire with Foot and Ankle Disability Index (FADI), Lysholm, Tegner, and patient satisfaction with outcome. All data were collected prospectively and stored in a data registry and retrospectively reviewed. Forty patients (21 males, 19 females, mean age = 42 years [range, 19-65 years]) were included in this study. Thirteen (33%) had previous ankle surgery. Follow-up was obtained for 94% of patients (n = 34). Mean follow-up time was 26 months (range, 12-48 months). Results: Mean talar defect size was 70 mm2 (range, 4-300 mm2). Mean tibia defect size was 31 mm2 (range, 8-54 mm2). Four patients (10.5%) required subsequent surgery following microfracture surgery. Mean time to second surgery was 17 months (range, 4-32 months). Mean Lysholm score was 74 (range, 31-96). Mean FADI Activities of Daily Living (ADL) was 81 (range, 33-99), FADI Sport was 62 (range, 13-100), and FADI total score was 77 (range, 28-98). Median Tegner was 4 (range, 0-10). Median patient satisfaction was 8 (range, 3-10). Patients who had previous ankle surgery had significantly lower outcome scores versus patients who did not have previous ankle surgery for FADI ADL (70 vs 81, P = .029) and FADI Total (51 vs 77, P = .028). Days from injury to surgery were correlated with age at surgery ( r = .323, P = .042) and negatively correlated with FADI ADL ( r = −.431, P = .014), FADI Sport ( r = −.490, P = .004), FADI Total ( r = −.429, P = .014), and Tegner ( r = −.402, P = .023). Conclusion: Patients who underwent microfracture for grade 3 or 4 ankle articular cartilage lesions had high patient satisfaction. Patients who had previous ankle surgery had lower postoperative ankle function; however, patient satisfaction remained high. This study supports microfracture for treatment of grade 3 and 4 ankle articular cartilage lesions. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.
Subtalar Joint Configuration on Weightbearing CT Scan
Authors: Colin Fabrice , Horn Lang Tamara , Zwicky Lukas , Hintermann Beat , Knupp Markus 
Published: July 2014

Background: Standard values that describe the morphology of the subtalar (ST) joint have previously been obtained from cadaveric studies or by using conventional unloaded radiographs. It is known that these parameters differ significantly from those measured in vivo and in loaded images, limiting the diagnostic value of the previously published morphological parameters in the literature. However, the morphology of the ST joint clearly affects its function. The objective of this study was to determine the morphology of the posterior facet of the ST joint using loaded computed tomography (CT) images and to describe the different configurations found in asymptomatic patients. Methods: A weightbearing CT scan was performed on 59 patients without any history of hindfoot and ankle pathology. The shape of the posterior facet and the subtalar vertical angle (SVA) were measured in 3 different coronal planes of the ST joint. Results: The posterior facet was concave in 88% and flat in 12%. The posterior facet was oriented in valgus in 90% and varus in 10% when measured in the middle coronal plane. However, the SVA changed depending on which coronal plane it was measured in. Conclusion: We believe it is important to get a better insight into the morphological parameters of the ST joint. Clinical Relevance: Knowledge of subtalar joint morphology could help clarify why certain failures have occurred in reconstructive hindfoot surgery and thus might help plan the surgical procedure to reduce these failures in the future.
Comparison of the Self-Reported Foot and Ankle Score (SEFAS) and the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Score (AOFAS)
Authors: Cöster Maria C. , Rosengren Björn E. , Bremander Ann , Brudin Lars , Karlsson Magnus K. 
Published: July 2014

Background: The Self-reported Foot and Ankle Score (SEFAS) is a patient-reported outcome measure, while the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Score (AOFAS) is a clinician-based score, both used for evaluation of foot and ankle disorders. The purpose of this study was to compare the psychometric properties of these 2 scoring systems. Methods: A total of 95 patients with great toe disorders and 111 patients with ankle or hindfoot disorders completed the 2 scores before and after surgery. We evaluated time to complete the scores in seconds, correlations between scores with Spearman’s correlation coefficient ( rs), floor and ceiling effects by proportion of individuals who reached the minimum or maximum values, test–retest reliability and interobserver reliability by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), internal consistency by Cronbach’s coefficient alpha (CA), and responsiveness by effect size (ES). Data are provided as correlation coefficients, means, and standard deviations. Results: SEFAS was completed 3 times faster than AOFAS. The scores correlated with an rs of .49 for great toe disorders and .67 for ankle/hindfoot disorders (both P < .001). None of the scores had any floor or ceiling effect. SEFAS test–retest ICC values measured 1 week apart were .89 for great toe and .92 for ankle/hindfoot disorders, while the corresponding ICC values for AOFAS were .57 and .75. AOFAS interobserver reliability ICC values were .70 for great toe and .81 for ankle/hindfoot disorders. SEFAS CA values were .85 for great toe and .86 for ankle/hindfoot disorders, while the corresponding CA values for AOFAS were .15 and .42. SEFAS ES values were 1.15 for great toe and 1.39 for ankle/hindfoot disorders, while the corresponding ES values for AOFAS were 1.05 and 1.73. Conclusion: As SEFAS showed similar or better outcome in our tests and was completed 3 times faster than AOFAS, we recommend SEFAS for evaluation of patients with foot and ankle disorders. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective comparative study.
Late and very late drug-eluting stent thrombosis in the immediate postoperative period after antiplatelet withdrawal: a retrospective study
Authors: Omar Hesham R. , Sprenker Collin , Karlnoski Rachel , Camporesi Enrico M. , Mangar Devanand 
Published: July 2014

Background: Late (31–360 days after deployment) and very late (>360 days after deployment) stent thrombosis is a feared complication after drug-eluting stent (DES) deployment. The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines recommend dual antiplatelet therapy for 12 months due to the lack of protection beyond this period in randomized trials. The perioperative period is a unique state of generalized hypercoagulability which can predispose people to DES thrombosis when combined with the rebound hypercoagulable effect of antiplatelet withdrawal. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed to detect incidences of late and very late postoperative DES thrombosis after elective noncardiac surgery. Only definite and probable cases of stent thrombosis were included. All cases were analyzed for patient demographics, comorbidities, type of surgery, intervention history, preoperative antiplatelets management, postoperative course and outcome. Results: A total of six patients with prior DES deployment (10–42 months earlier, average 30 months) developed DES thrombosis (five very late and one late) in the immediate postoperative period. All patients had stable coronary artery disease and were cleared for surgery (intermediate cardiac risk surgery) by their cardiologist. In all patients, antiplatelets were discontinued 4–7 days (average 5.6 days) prior to surgery to minimize operative bleeding. Five of six patients developed ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Half of the patients had simultaneous two-vessel DES thrombosis and two cases had single vessel thrombosis. Three patients developed ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest. One-third of the patients died during the index hospitalization. Coronary thrombectomy and angioplasty was successful in the remaining four cases. The incidence of postoperative late and very late DES thrombosis among all patients undergoing noncardiac surgery who were older than 40 years was 0.006%. Conclusion: Caution should be exercised when attempting to withdraw antiplatelets preoperatively in patients with DES even when the recommended 12-month period of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) has elapsed. The significant morbidity and mortality of this complication warrants further research to study the ideal perioperative management of antiplatelets in patients with prior DES deployment over 1 year who are still receiving DAPT.
A qualitative study of the attitudes of patients in an early intervention service towards antipsychotic long-acting injections
Authors: Das Amlan K. , Malik Abid , Haddad Peter M. 
Published: July 2014

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate attitudinal themes to antipsychotic long-acting injections (LAIs) in patients in an early intervention team (EIT). Methods: Interviews were carried out with outpatients purposively sampled from an EIT to represent patients currently prescribed antipsychotic LAIs, oral antipsychotics and those not prescribed antipsychotic medication. Interviews were conducted and analysed according to grounded theory. Recruitment stopped when saturation of themes was reached. Results: Interviews from 11 patients were analysed (median age 24 years). Attitudes to LAIs were condensed into three key categories: therapeutic alliance and the psychiatrists’ recommendation of antipsychotic medication; patients’ knowledge and beliefs about LAIs; and patients’ views regarding the appropriateness of LAIs. Participants valued their psychiatrist’s recommendation as to the most appropriate antipsychotic. Attitudes to LAIs varied but were most positive among those currently receiving a LAI. Among those not prescribed LAIs, some were open to considering a LAI if their clinician recommended it but others were opposed to such treatment and preferred tables. There was a lack of awareness of LAIs as a treatment option among those not prescribed a LAI. Delay in being offered a LAI was reported in the group currently prescribed a LAI. Several participants associated oral antipsychotics, LAIs and mental illness with stigma. Some not prescribed a LAI had misperceptions about the nature of this treatment. Participants regarded the advantages of LAIs as convenience and avoiding forgetting to take tablets, while disadvantages included injection pain, fear of needles and coercion. Conclusion: Lack of knowledge, misperceptions and stigma related to LAIs and other treatment options should be addressed by providing patients with accurate information. This will facilitate patients being involved in choices about treatment, and should they decide to accept medication, which drug and formulation is most appropriate for their needs. Clinicians should avoid making assumptions about patients’ attitudes to LAIs; attitudes vary but some early intervention patients not prescribed LAIs are open to considering this treatment. Antipsychotic prescribing should result from a shared decision-making process in which clinicians and patients openly discuss the pros and cons of different formulations and drugs. The themes identified in this qualitative study require further exploration using quantitative methodology.
Should a 31/62-day target be applicable to urinary stone patients with indwelling stents?
Authors: Smith T , Gruber M , Simoes A , Krishnan R , Shrotri N 
Published: July 2014

Objective: Patients with urinary stone disease languish on waiting lists. They are often young and suffer morbidity and unemployment. Stone disease leads to sepsis, loss of renal units and even death. We aimed to assess the readmission rates and associated morbidity for patients with ureteric stents in situ secondary to stone disease. Patients and methods: Over 12 months 692 patients totalling 1114 admissions were admitted to our unit with a coded diagnosis of renal colic. Of the 692 individuals, 378 first presented as an emergency. The rest had elective first admissions. Results: Of the 378 emergency presentations, 78 were admitted between two and eight times. The total number of admissions for this group of 78 patients was 248. The average time interval was calculated from first emergency presentation to date of first elective treatment (52.3 days (range 2–281)) and from date of first emergency presentation to date of last treatment (63.6 days (range 2–281)). A total of 401 working days were lost. Conclusion: The management of patients with urinary stone disease needs serious reconsideration. We propose that patients with indwelling stents have a 31/62-day target similar to cancer patients due to the increased morbidity associated with loss of working days and the increased cost of readmissions to an overburdened health service.
Effect of Posterior Horn Medial Meniscus Root Tear on In Vivo Knee Kinematics
Authors: Marsh Chelsea A. , Martin Daniel E. , Harner Christopher D. , Tashman Scott 
Published: July 2014

Background: Medial meniscus root tear (MMRT) is a recently recognized yet frequently missed meniscal tear pattern that biomechanically creates an environment approaching meniscal deficiency. Hypothesis/Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of MMRT on tibiofemoral kinematics and arthrokinematics during daily activities by comparing the injured knees of subjects with isolated MMRT to their uninjured contralateral knees. The hypothesis was that the injured knee will demonstrate significantly more lateral tibial translation and adduction than the uninjured knee, and that the medial compartment will exhibit significantly different arthrokinematics than the lateral compartment in the affected limb. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Seven subjects with isolated MMRT were recruited and volumetric, density-based 3-dimensional models of their distal femurs and proximal tibia were created from computed tomography scans. High-speed, biplane radiographs were obtained of both their affected and unaffected knees. Moving 3-dimensional models of tibiofemoral kinematics were calculated using model-based tracking to assess overall kinematic variables and specific measures of tibiofemoral joint contact. The affected knees of the subjects were then compared to their unaffected contralateral knees. Results: Affected knees demonstrated significantly more lateral tibial translation than the uninjured contralateral limb in all dynamic activities. Additionally, the medial compartment displayed greater amounts of mobility than the lateral compartment in the injured limbs. Conclusion: This study suggests that MMRT causes significant changes in in vivo knee kinematics and arthrokinematics and that the magnitude of these changes is influenced by dynamic task difficulty. Clinical Relevance: Medial meniscus root tears lead to significant changes in joint arthrokinematics, with increased lateral tibial translation and greater medial compartment excursion. With complete root tears, essentially 100% of circumferential fibers are lost. This study will further our knowledge of meniscal deficiency and osteoarthritis and provide a baseline for more common forms of medial meniscal injuries (vertical, horizontal, radial), with various degrees of circumferential fiber function remaining.
Phase 2 study of imexon, a prooxidant molecule, in relapsed and refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Barr Paul M. , Miller Thomas P. , Friedberg Jonathan W. , Peterson Derick R. , Baran Andrea M. , Herr Megan , Spier Catherine M. , Cui Haiyan , Roe Denise J. , Persky Daniel O. , Casulo Carla , Littleton Jamie , Schwartz Mark , Puvvada Soham , Landowski Terry H. , Rimsza Lisa M. , Dorr Robert T. , Fisher Richard I. , Bernstein Steven H. , Briehl Margaret M. 
Published: July 2014

Key PointsClinical responsiveness to imexon represents the first demonstration of efficacy with modulating cellular redox in B-cell NHL. Antioxidant-related gene expression predicted for response to imexon.
Association between hospital case volume and mortality in non-elderly pneumonia patients stratified by severity: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kumamaru Hiraku , Tsugawa Yusuke , Horiguchi Hiromasa , Kumamaru Kanako Kunishima , Hashimoto Hideki , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe characteristics and aetiology of pneumonia in the non-elderly population is distinct from that in the elderly population. While a few studies have reported an inverse association between hospital case volume and clinical outcome in elderly pneumonia patients, the evidence is lacking in a younger population. In addition, the relationship between volume and outcome may be different in severe pneumonia cases than in mild cases. In this context, we tested two hypotheses: 1) non-elderly pneumonia patients treated at hospitals with larger case volume have better clinical outcome compared with those treated at lower case volume hospitals; 2) the volume-outcome relationship differs by the severity of the pneumonia.MethodsWe conducted the study using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database. Patients aged 18–64 years discharged from the participating hospitals between July to December 2010 were included. The hospitals were categorized into four groups (very-low, low, medium, high) based on volume quartiles. The association between hospital case volume and in-hospital mortality was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression with generalized estimating equations adjusting for pneumonia severity, patient demographics and comorbidity score, and hospital academic status. We further analyzed the relationship by modified A-DROP pneumonia severity score calculated using the four severity indices: dehydration, low oxygen saturation, orientation disturbance, and decreased systolic blood pressure.ResultsWe identified 8,293 cases of pneumonia at 896 hospitals across Japan, with 273 in-hospital deaths (3.3%). In the overall population, no significant association between hospital volume and in-hospital mortality was observed. However, when stratified by pneumonia severity score, higher hospital volume was associated with lower in-hospital mortality at the intermediate severity level (modified A-DROP score = 2) (odds ratio (OR) of very low vs. high: 2.70; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12–6.55, OR of low vs. high: 2.40; 95% CI:0.99–5.83). No significant association was observed for other severity strata.ConclusionsHospital case volume was inversely associated with in-hospital mortality in non-elderly pneumonia patients with intermediate pneumonia severity. Our result suggests room for potential improvement in the quality of care in hospitals with lower volume, to improve treatment outcomes particularly in patients admitted with intermediate pneumonia severity.
Design of double codebook based on 3D dual-polarized channel for multiuser MIMO system
Authors: Han Yu , Jin Shi , Li Xiao , Huang Yongming , Jiang Lei , Wang Gang 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
This paper proposes a precoding method based on double codebook for multiuser three-dimensional multiple-input multiple-output (3D MIMO) system deployed with dual-polarized antenna array. Considering the block diagonal feature of the transmit correlation matrix of 3D dual-polarized channel, we adopt the double codebook structure, where the precoding matrix is composed of an inner long-term matrix and an outer short-term matrix. Then, we introduce a set of 3D beams which possess good discrimination in horizontal and vertical domains to be the basic beam set and adopt a topology describing the 3D beam set to illustrate the angle information in an intuitive way. For the purpose of multiuser transmission, we also propose a corresponding limited channel information feedback scheme and a user scheduling criteria based on this double codebook structure. Simulation results demonstrate that the precoding method based on double codebook for the dual-polarized 3D MIMO system effectively improves system throughput compared with 2D transmission scheme.