bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary duodenal Burkitt lymphoma presenting as sessile, button‐like bleeding polyps
Authors: Hu Ching‐Chih , Lin Chih‐Lang , Chien Hui‐Ping , Yeh Kun‐Yun , Chien Rong‐Nan 
Published: December 2014

SummaryPrimary gastrointestinal (GI) lymphoma accounts for 30–50% of all extranodal non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas, making the GI tract the most common site of extranodal non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas. Most GI lymphomas belong to the B cell lineage. Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a highly aggressive mature B cell neoplasm that occurs in three forms: endemic, sporadic, and immunodeficiency‐associated. Sporadic BL accounts for 1–2% of all adult lymphomas and usually presents as an abdominal manifestation of extranodal disease involving the distal ileum or cecum. Primary BL of the duodenum is rare. However, this report emphasizes the importance of awareness of the malignancy potential of duodenal polyps. We report the case of a 70‐year‐old woman admitted to our ward with upper GI bleeding due to duodenal polyps. An upper GI endoscopic examination showed button‐like polyps with central depression, and an immunohistochemical study of the polyps revealed a high‐grade B cell malignancy (BL). Consequently, the patient was treated with aggressive chemotherapy. The tumors regressed after chemotherapy. Although primary duodenal Burkitt lymphoma is very rare, the possibility of malignancy should be considered if a patient presents with duodenal button‐like polyps with a central depressed surface.
Toward a more nuanced understanding of the statistical properties of a median split
Authors: Iacobucci Dawn , Posavac Steven S. , Kardes Frank R. , Schneider Matthew J. , Popovich Deidre L. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractSome behavioral researchers occasionally wish to conduct a median split on a continuous variable and use the result in subsequent modeling to facilitate analytic ease and communication clarity. Traditionally, this practice of dichotomization has been criticized for the resulting loss of information and reduction in power. More recently, this practice has been criticized for sometimes producing Type I errors for effects regarding other terms in a model, resulting in a recommendation of the unconditional avoidance of median splits. In this paper, we use simulation studies to demonstrate more thoroughly than has been shown in the literature to date when median splits should not be used, and conversely, to provide nuance and balance to the extant literature regarding when median splits may be used with complete analytical integrity. For the scenario we explicate, the use of a median split is as good as a continuous variable. Accordingly, there is no reason to outright reject median splits, and oftentimes the median split may be preferred as more parsimonious.
Radiology Diagnostic Devices Under Emergency Electric Power at Disaster Base Hospitals During the Acute Phase of the Great East Japan Earthquake: Results of a Survey of All Disaster Base Hospitals in Miyagi Prefecture
Authors: Maezawa Shota , Kudo Daisuke , Furukawa Hajime , Nakagawa Atsuhiro , Yamanouchi Satoshi , Matsumura Takashi , Egawa Shinichi , Tominaga Teiji , Kushimoto Shigeki 
Published: December 2014

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to clarify the management of emergency electric power and the operation of radiology diagnostic devices after the Great East Japan Earthquake.MethodsTiming of electricity restoration, actual emergency electric power generation, and whether radiology diagnostic devices were operational and the reason if not were investigated through a questionnaire submitted to all 14 disaster base hospitals in Miyagi Prefecture in February and March 2013.ResultsCommercial electricity supply resumed within 3 days after the earthquake at 13 of 14 hospitals. Actual emergency electric power generation was lower than pre-disaster estimates at most of the hospitals. Only 4 of 11 hospitals were able to generate 60% of the power normally consumed. Under emergency electric power, conventional X-ray and computed tomography (CT) scanners worked in 9 of 14 (64%) and 8 of 14 (57%) hospitals, respectively. The main reason conventional X-ray and CT scanners did not operate was that hospitals had not planned to use these devices under emergency electric power. Only 2 of the 14 hospitals had a pre-disaster plan to allocate emergency electric power, and all devices operated at these 2 hospitals.ConclusionsPre-disaster plans to allocate emergency electric power are required for disaster base hospitals to effectively operate radiology diagnostic devices after a disaster. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2014;8:548-552)
Non-isothermal bubble rise: non-monotonic dependence of surface tension on temperature
Authors: Tripathi M. K. , Sahu K. C. , Karapetsas G. , Sefiane K. , Matar O. K. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe study the motion of a bubble driven by buoyancy and thermocapillarity in a tube with a non-uniformly heated walls, containing a so-called ‘self-rewetting fluid’; the surface tension of the latter exhibits a parabolic dependence on temperature, with a well-defined minimum. In the Stokes flow limit, we derive the conditions under which a spherical bubble can come to rest in a self-rewetting fluid whose temperature varies linearly in the vertical direction, and demonstrate that this is possible for both positive and negative temperature gradients. This is in contrast to the case of simple fluids whose surface tension decreases linearly with temperature, for which bubble motion is arrested only for negative temperature gradients. In the case of self-rewetting fluids, we propose an analytical expression for the position of bubble arrestment as a function of other dimensionless numbers. We also perform direct numerical simulation of axisymmetric bubble motion in a fluid whose temperature increases linearly with vertical distance from the bottom of the tube; this is done for a range of Bond and Galileo numbers, as well as for various parameters that govern the functional dependence of surface tension on temperature. We demonstrate that bubble motion can be reversed and then arrested only in self-rewetting fluids, and not in linear fluids, for sufficiently small Bond numbers. We also demonstrate that considerable bubble elongation is possible under significant wall confinement, and for strongly self-rewetting fluids and large Bond numbers. The mechanisms underlying the phenomena observed are elucidated by considering how the surface tension dependence on temperature affects the thermocapillary stresses in the flow.
Classification of Bott Manifolds up to Dimension 8
Authors: Choi Suyoung 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe show that three- and four-stage Bott manifolds are classified up to diffeomorphism by their integral cohomology rings. In addition, any cohomology ring isomorphism between two three-stage Bott manifolds can be realized by a diffeomorphism between the Bott manifolds.
Developmental Planning in ‘Retreat’: Ideas, instruments, and contestations of planning in India, 1967–1971
Authors: KUDAISYA MEDHA 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis article concerns the history of economic planning in India in the late 1960s, when a vigorous debate took place on the institutions, instruments, and ‘personnel’ of developmental planning. Examining the years from 1967 to 1971, this article shows how dramatic attempts were made by warring politicians with the help of technocrats to decentralize economic planning, grant states more fiscal autonomy, and drastically reduce the powers of the Planning Commission. This article examines how these critical economic initiatives unfolded but were ultimately overshadowed by political power struggles in which the planning process and the Planning Commission became important tools in attempts for centralization.
Diagnostics of warm dense matter by high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy of hollow ions
Authors: Faenov A. Ya. , Skobelev I. Yu. , Pikuz T. A. , Pikuz S. A. , Kodama R. , Fortov V. E. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe short review on the possible applications of the hollow ion spectra for the diagnostics of the high-temperature plasma created by intensive laser and particle beams is presented. Because of the hollow ion spectra features are defined mainly by the mechanisms of their excitation, we consider the various types of the high-temperature plasma where different excitation processes are important. It is shown that like ordinary spectral lines, spectra of the hollow ions offer considerable diagnostic opportunities. At the present time, hollow ion spectra are used mainly to investigate plasma heated by X-ray radiation, but the hollow ions must be generated when plasma is heated by fast heavy ion beams too. In this case, the resultant substance state will be also characterized by solid-state density, and some spatial regions of targets will have relatively low temperatures, i.e., will be a nonideal plasma. It is emphasized that hollow ion spectra are promising diagnostic tool for both nonideal plasma and warm dense matter.
Ultra-trace analysis of Hg in alkaline lavas and regolith from James Ross Island
Authors: Coufalík Pavel , Zvěřina Ondřej , Krmíček Lukáš , Pokorný Richard , Komárek Josef 
Published: December 2014

AbstractPolar regions represent a unique environment for the study of mercury cycling in the global ecosystem. Our research was focused on the assessment of the origin and mobility of mercury in the geochemical cycle in Maritime Antarctic (James Ross Island) by means of atomic absorption spectrometry. Mercury content in a set of extrusive (subaerial, subaqueous) and intrusive (dyke) alkaline basalts ranged between 1.6 µg kg-1 (for samples without xenoliths) and 8 µg kg-1 (for samples containing crustal xenoliths). The mercury content in alkaline basalts indicates a very low concentration of mercury in peridotitic mantle sources. Samples of regolith from James Ross Island were subjected to a comprehensive analytical procedure proposed for ultra-trace mercury concentrations involving fractionation and thermal analysis. Total mercury contents in regolith (2.7–11.3 µg kg-1) did not deviate from the natural background in this part of Antarctica. Additionally, the obtained results are about two orders of magnitude smaller than values formerly assumed for primary mercury contents in basaltic lavas. Our results from Antarctica were compared with mercury contents in basaltic rocks from Greenland and the findings were confirmed. It seems that the input of mercury of geological origin into the polar ecosystem is apparently lower than expected.
Free and Easy: a Guide for Occasional Users to the Irish Legal System and Resources
Authors: Furlong John 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe purpose of this article, written by John Furlong, is to provide a comparative overview of the Irish legal system with that of the jurisdictions of the United Kingdom and will cover the range of free-to-use resources that are available in respect of Irish case law, legislation and commentaries. The content is aimed at librarians and legal information professionals who are required from time to time, to understand and source Irish law. The article is based on a paper presented at BIALL's 45th Annual Conference, which was held in Harrogate in 2014.
Oncogenic Kit signals on endolysosomes and endoplasmic reticulum are essential for neoplastic mast cell proliferation
Authors: Obata Yuuki , Toyoshima Shota , Wakamatsu Ei , Suzuki Shunichi , Ogawa Shuhei , Esumi Hiroyasu , Abe Ryo 
Published: December 2014

AbstractKit is a receptor-type tyrosine kinase found on the plasma membrane. It can transform mast cells through activating mutations. Here, we show that a mutant Kit from neoplastic mast cells from mice, Kit(D814Y), is permanently active and allows cells to proliferate autonomously. It does so by activating two signalling pathways from different intracellular compartments. Mutant Kit from the cell surface accumulates on endolysosomes through clathrin-mediated endocytosis, which requires Kit’s kinase activity. Kit(D814Y) is constitutively associated with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, but the complex activates Akt only on the cytoplasmic surface of endolysosomes. It resists destruction because it is under-ubiquitinated. Kit(D814Y) also appears in the endoplasmic reticulum soon after biosynthesis, and there, can activate STAT5 aberrantly. These mechanisms of oncogenic signalling are also seen in rat and human mast cell leukemia cells. Thus, oncogenic Kit signalling occurs from different intracellular compartments, and the mutation acts by altering Kit trafficking as well as activation.
Transcriptome analysis reveals dysregulation of innate immune response genes and neuronal activity-dependent genes in autism
Authors: Gupta Simone , Ellis Shannon E. , Ashar Foram N. , Moes Anna , Bader Joel S. , Zhan Jianan , West Andrew B. , Arking Dan E. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractRecent studies of genomic variation associated with autism have suggested the existence of extreme heterogeneity. Large-scale transcriptomics should complement these results to identify core molecular pathways underlying autism. Here we report results from a large-scale RNA sequencing effort, utilizing region-matched autism and control brains to identify neuronal and microglial genes robustly dysregulated in autism cortical brain. Remarkably, we note that a gene expression module corresponding to M2-activation states in microglia is negatively correlated with a differentially expressed neuronal module, implicating dysregulated microglial responses in concert with altered neuronal activity-dependent genes in autism brains. These observations provide pathways and candidate genes that highlight the interplay between innate immunity and neuronal activity in the aetiology of autism.
Enhancing the bit error rate of indoor visible light communication systems using adaptive channel estimation algorithm
Authors: Zhang Tian , Guo Shuxu , Chen Haipeng , Zhong Fei , Ma Chunyang 
Published: December 2014

In this study, the authors propose an adaptive channel estimation algorithm for asymmetrically clipped optical orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing visible light communication (VLC) systems and analyse its optimal signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) threshold through the simulation experiments. The novel estimation scheme combines the advantages of orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm and least‐square discrete Fourier transform algorithm. It is robust to the changes in channel distribution and SNR range. The performance for a VLC system using 16‐quadrature amplitude modulation is presented in terms of mean square error (MSE) and uncoded bit error rate. In the high SNR range, the proposed scheme improves the MSE up to more than 10 dB.
Characteristics of wrong‐way driving on motorways in Japan
Authors: Xing Jian 
Published: December 2014

Characteristics of wrong‐way incidents and crashes that occurred on the entire motorway network in Japan are analysed in this study with an emphasis on wrong‐way crashes. Nearly 40% of vehicles in wrong‐way crashes took U‐turns on the main carriageway, followed by 20% entering the wrong way at interchanges after passing the tollgate, 18% before passing the tollgate and 12% at rest areas. Wrong entries and suspected dementia were the two main contributing factors for wrong‐way crashes, each accounting for nearly 30% of the total number of wrong‐way crashes, followed by each 8–10% for confusion with ordinary road, taking U‐turns on the main carriageway and driving under the influence of alcohol. Most wrong‐way crashes because of wrong entries were caused by older drivers over the age of 60 (61%) and young drivers (22%) and most of those because of confusion with ordinary road were also caused by older drivers (86%). All the wrong‐way crashes caused by suspected dementia were by older drivers over the age of 65 and occurred between 4–10 p.m. Finally some applications of recent ITS technologies to prevent wrong‐way driving that have been implemented recently on motorways in Japan are briefly introduced.
Changes in Relative Abundance of Several Minnesota Fishes from 1970 to 2013
Authors: Bethke Bethany J. , Staples David F. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractLarge‐scale ecological stressors such as climate change, habitat degradation, and invasive species increasingly affect fisheries across watershed or political boundaries within which they are typically managed. Though broad‐scale analyses of trends in fish populations and changes in aquatic communities can be useful for detecting the effects of these stressors, they are rarely possible due to a lack of long‐term data sets. The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources has used gill nets and trap nets to monitor fish communities in lakes since 1940, and the techniques have been standardized since 1970. We applied a random‐coefficient mixed‐effects model to mean CPUE data to describe statewide and local population trends of eight key fish species (Black Crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus, Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus, Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides, Northern Pike Esox lucius, Smallmouth Bass M. dolomieu, Walleye Sander vitreus, White Sucker Catostomus commersonii, and Yellow Perch Perca flavescens) sampled from 1970 to 2013 in 119–1,499 lakes. We found increasing statewide trends in gill‐net CPUE of Black Crappie, Bluegill, Largemouth Bass, Smallmouth Bass, Northern Pike, and Walleye and decreasing trends for Yellow Perch and White Sucker. Statewide trends in average trap‐net CPUE were positive for Bluegill, negative for Black Crappie, Walleye, White Sucker, and Yellow Perch, and stable for Largemouth Bass, Northern Pike, and Smallmouth Bass. We compared the CPUE trends across lake types developed for Minnesota lakes and found some differences, especially in medium and large mesotrophic lakes, suggesting that some species display changes in abundance more in those lakes types than in others. This study quantifies temporal changes in Minnesota's fish community structure and can help managers focus future research and management activities in the state and in similar waters across central North America.Received May 14, 2014; accepted September 9, 2014
Smoking is Associated with Increased Risk of Binge Drinking in a Young Adult Hispanic Population at the Us-Mexico Border
Authors: Woolard Robert , Liu Jiayang , Parsa Michael , Merriman Garrett , Tarwater Patrick , Alba Israel , Villalobos Susana , Ramos Rebecca , Bernstein Judith , Bernstein Edward , Bond Jason , Cherpitel Cheryl J. 
Published: December 2014

Background This study examines factors related to general health and health behavior, including smoking, that may be associated with binge drinking, drinking “at risk,” and potential for alcohol use disorder among young adults of Mexican ancestry. Methods A total of 2191 young adult emergency department (ED) patients (18–30 years) of Mexican ancestry in a public hospital proximate to the US-Mexico border completed health surveys while they were waiting to be treated, including questions on general health, drinking, smoking, and drug use. Results Thirty-seven percent of the study participants reported binge drinking, 38% were “at-risk” alcohol users (above National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism guidelines), and 22% were Rapid Alcohol Problem Screen (RAPS) positive (indicating potential for alcohol use disorder). Smoking was reported by 31%, marijuana use by 16%, and other drug use by 9%. Multiple variable models revealed that smoking was the strongest factor associated with binge drinking. Those who smoked were 3.1 ( P < .0001) times more likely to binge drink. Other factors independently associated with binge drinking were age 22–25 years (odds ratio [OR] = 1.5, P = .003), male gender (OR = 1.5, P = .0001), and ED visit for injury (OR = 1.4, P = .007). Conclusions There is a strong association of smoking and binge drinking. Study findings suggest that brief interventions designed to reduce preventable health risks for young Hispanics should include discussion of both binge drinking and smoking behaviors.
SPECTRAL CALIBRATION IN THE MID-INFRARED: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS
Authors: Sloan G. C. , Herter T. L. , Charmandaris V. , Sheth K. , Burgdorf M. , Houck J. R. 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACT
We present spectra obtained with the Infrared Spectrograph on the Spitzer Space Telescope of 33 K giants and 20 A dwarfs to assess their suitability as spectrophotometric standard stars. The K giants confirm previous findings that the strength of the SiO absorption band at 8 μm increases for both later optical spectral classes and redder (B–V)0 colors, but with considerable scatter. For K giants, the synthetic spectra underpredict the strengths of the molecular bands from SiO and OH. For these reasons, the assumed true spectra for K giants should be based on the assumption that molecular band strengths in the infrared can be predicted accurately from neither optical spectral class or color nor synthetric spectra. The OH bands in K giants grow stronger with cooler stellar temperatures, and they are stronger than predicted by synthetic spectra. As a group, A dwarfs are better behaved and more predictable than the K giants, but they are more likely to show red excesses from debris disks. No suitable A dwarfs were located in parts of the sky continuously observable from Spitzer, and with previous means of estimating the true spectra of K giants ruled out, it was necessary to use models of A dwarfs to calibrate spectra of K giants from observed spectral ratios of the two groups and then use the calibrated K giants as standards for the full database of infrared spectra from Spitzer. We also describe a lingering artifact that affects the spectra of faint blue sources at 24 μm.
REVEALING A UNIVERSAL PLANET–METALLICITY CORRELATION FOR PLANETS OF DIFFERENT SIZES AROUND SOLAR-TYPE STARS
Authors: Wang Ji , Fischer Debra A. 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACT
The metallicity of exoplanet systems serves as a critical diagnostic of planet formation mechanisms. Previous studies have demonstrated the planet–metallicity correlation for large planets (

); however, a correlation has not been found for smaller planets. With a sample of 406 Kepler objects of interest whose stellar properties are determined spectroscopically, we reveal a universal planet–metallicity correlation: not only gas-giant planets (

) but also gas-dwarf (

) and terrestrial planets (

) occur more frequently in metal-rich stars. The planet occurrence rates of gas-giant planets, gas-dwarf planets, and terrestrial planets are

,

, and

times higher for metal-rich stars than for metal-poor stars, respectively.
Equivalence classes of subquotients of pseudodifferential operator modules
Authors: Conley Charles , Larsen Jeannette 
Published: December 2014

Consider the spaces of pseudodifferential operators between tensor density modules over the line as modules of the Lie algebra of vector fields on the line. We compute the equivalence classes of various subquotients of these modules. There is a 2-parameter family of subquotients with any given Jordan-Hölder composition series. In the critical case of subquotients of length 5, the equivalence classes within each non-resonant 2-parameter family are specified by the intersections of a pencil of conics with a pencil of cubics. In the case of resonant subquotients of length 4 with self-dual composition series, as well as in those of lacunary subquotients of lengths 3 and 4, equivalence is specified by a single pencil of conics. Non-resonant subquotients of length exceeding 7 admit no non-obvious equivalences. The cases of lengths 6 and 7 are unresolved.