bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of finger millet extracts and evaluation of their nematicidal efficacy and plant growth promotion potential
Authors: Chrisantus Khaoya Martine , Sarah Chepkwony , Dorcas Lusweti , Ramkat Rose Chepchirchir , Oduori Chrispus O. A. , Pili Njira Njira 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPlant‐parasitic nematodes pose a significant threat to finger millet crops, potentially causing yield reduction of up to 70%. Extracts derived from finger millet varieties contain potent bioactive compounds that can mitigate nematode damage and promote plant growth. This study aimed at isolating and characterizing bioactive compounds from the finger millet varieties Ikhulule, Okhale‐1, and U‐15; evaluating the impact of Ikhulule and U‐15 extracts on the mortality of the root lesion nematode Pratylenchus vandenbergae; assessing the growth promotion effects of Ikhulule and U‐15 extracts on the finger millet variety Okhale‐1; and determining the efficacy of these extracts in managing plant‐parasitic nematodes under greenhouse conditions. Extracts were obtained from both leaves and roots and tested in vitro for nematode mortality and in vivo for growth promotion and nematode control. The results showed that finger millet extracts exhibited strong nematicidal properties in vitro, achieving a mortality rate of up to 98% against P. vandenbergae nematodes. Applying these extracts to finger millet shoots significantly reduced nematode populations in both soil and roots and decreased the reproductive factor to below one (1), indicating an effective nematode control. The study attributes the enhanced nematicidal effects of finger millet extracts to their bioactive compounds, particularly dodecanoic acid, phytol, 1,1,4a‐trimethyl‐6‐decahydro naphthalene, 2,3‐dihydro‐benzofuran, 2‐methoxy‐4‐vinylphenol and ethyl ester, and hexadecanoic acid. These findings suggest that finger millet‐derived extracts offer a natural solution for nematode management and broader agronomic benefits, ultimately contributing to overall plant health and productivity.
Rheological investigation on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) filled with hollow glass beads
Authors: Liao Hua‐yong , Chen Hong‐lu , Tao Guo‐liang , Liu Chun‐lin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA composite of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and hollow glass beads (HGB) with two different HGB sizes was prepared and investigated rheologically. When the HGB content reaches approximately 30 wt%, the PET/HGB composite changes from a Newtonian fluid to a pseudoplastic one within the measured frequency range. If the HGB content is below the critical value, the viscosity of the composite may be lower than that of the neat PET melt. This is because scrolling or sliding of the HGB in the PET melt increases the apparent shear rate and reduces the torque measured by the rheometer rotor. Meanwhile, the size of the HGB affects the viscosity of the composite. The 40 μm HGB has a more pronounced effect, resulting in higher viscosity than 50 μm HGB. Furthermore, the composite containing 40 μm HGB has a lower density than the one containing 50 μm HGB. This is because the 40 μm HGB has a lower breaking rate and higher volume fraction compared to the 50 μm HGB at the same mass fraction. The peak relaxation time of the PET/HGB composite increases with the HGB content, and higher temperatures correspond to shorter relaxation times. DSC analysis showed that the addition of HGB filler decreased the melting temperature and increased the crystallization temperature of the PET material. Since the PET/HGB composite has a longer relaxation time than pure PET, the corresponding aggregates made of PET chains and HGBs are expected to have larger characteristic sizes compared to PET and HGB. These sizes can be determined approximately using a grid drawing method. The coupling agent CS‐101 enhances the bonding between PET and HGB. This is evidenced by comparing the viscosity curves of the composite with and without the coupling agent.Highlights
The polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/hollow glass beads (HGB) composites with low levels of HGB might exhibit unusual viscosity.
Abnormal viscosity in molten PET occurs due to the rolling or sliding of HGB.
The composites with high HGB levels may exhibit a solid‐like modulus plateau.
The proposed aggregate consists of PET, HGB, and broken glass shards.
L1CAM mediates neuroendocrine phenotype acquisition in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Hsieh Chia‐Ling , Do Anh Duy , Hsueh Chia‐Yen , Raboshakga Mafewu Olga , Thanh Tran Ngoc , Tai Tran Tien , Kung Hsing‐Jien , Sung Shian‐Ying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundA specific type of prostate cancer (PC) that exhibits neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation is known as NEPC. NEPC has little to no response to androgen deprivation therapy and is associated with the development of metastatic castration‐resistant PC (CRPC), which has an extremely poor prognosis. Our understanding of genetic drivers and activated pathways in NEPC is limited, which hinders precision medicine approaches. L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) is known to play an oncogenic role in metastatic cancers, including CRPC. However, the impact of L1CAM on NEPC progression remains elusive.MethodsL1CAM expression level was investigated using public gene expression databases of PC cohorts and patient‐derived xenograft models. L1CAM knockdown was performed in different PC cells to study in vitro cell functions. A subline of CRPC cell line CWR22Rv1 was established after long‐term exposure to abiraterone to induce NE differentiation. The androgen receptor‐negative cell line PC3 was cultured under the tumor sphere‐forming condition to enrich cancer stemness features. Several oxidative stress inducers were tested on PC cells to observe L1CAM‐mediated gene expression and cell death.ResultsL1CAM expression was remarkably high in NEPC compared to CRPC or adenocarcinoma tumors. L1CAM was also correlated with NE marker expressions and associated with the adenocarcinoma‐to‐NEPC progression in gene expression databases and CRPC cells with NE differentiation. L1CAM also promoted cancer stemness and NE phenotypes in PC3 cells under cancer stemness enrichment. L1CAM was also identified as a reactive oxygen species‐induced gene, by which L1CAM counteracted CRPC cell death triggered by ionizing radiation.ConclusionsOur results unveiled a new role of L1CAM in the acquisition of the NE phenotype in PC, contributing to the NE differentiation‐related therapeutic resistance of CRPC.
Nanoparticle‐Based Therapies for Neurotropic Viral Infections: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Future Prospects
Authors: Yang Min , Ding Chuanbo , Zhao Ting , Song Ge , Liu Tingting , Li Zeqi , Zhang Ying 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTNeurotropic viral infections pose a significant challenge due to their ability to target the central nervous system and cause severe neurological complications. Traditional antiviral therapies face limitations in effectively treating these infections, primarily due to the blood‐brain barrier, which restricts the delivery of therapeutic agents to the central nervous system. Nanoparticle‐based therapies have emerged as a promising approach to overcome these challenges. Nanoparticles offer unique properties that facilitate drug delivery across biological barriers, such as the blood‐brain barrier, and can be engineered to possess antiviral activities.
Adaptive Nussbaum design using composite triggering condition for stochastic nonlinear systems with multiple unknown control directions
Authors: Liu Guilong , Yang Yongliang , Ding Da‐Wei , Li Qing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe traditional Nussbaum‐type functions encounter challenges when extended to systems with multiple unknown control directions, as the coupling between the Nussbaum‐type function and Nussbaum‐type gain may lead to mutual elimination. To address this issue, a novel Nussbaum‐type function is introduced to handle multiple unknown control directions for stochastic systems. The stability of the proposed Nussbaum‐based design can be guaranteed using the Lyapunov analysis. To conserve computational resources, a static composite event‐triggered mechanism is integrated with intermittent feedback in the Nussbaum‐based design. In contrast to conventional event‐triggering mechanisms that depend solely on control signals, the presented design incorporates tracking errors into the event‐triggering conditions. Moreover, to further alleviate computational burdens, we further develop a dynamic composite event‐triggered mechanism. With the overall design scheme, bounded tracking errors and reduced computational burden can be ensured. Simulation examples validate the efficacy of the proposed adaptive Nussbaum composite event‐based robust control design.
Urbanized stream restoration as designed adaptation: Planning using synthetic digital rivers and form variation assessment
Authors: Dawson Corey , Ashmore Peter 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRestoring urbanized streams is challenging because of the absence of natural reference reaches and major changes in discharge and sediment supply as a consequence of catchment urbanization. In many cases the risk to urban infrastructure leads to form‐based restoration with less opportunity for process‐based approaches. Restoration involves designed adaptation to the new catchment state, rather than true restoration, but more‐natural designs are still feasible based in principles of fluvial geomorphology. An important element of this designed adaptation is planform design which is a part of urban channel restoration that is often simplified and which, in turn, simplifies the in‐stream morphology and habitats. More variable in‐stream morphology develops in irregular planforms which are also more common in nature. Tools and methods for designing complex planforms and associated bed morphology have developed, but further innovation is needed to meet interdisciplinary objectives in the planning phase of design. Here, we present a flexible approach for assessing surface‐form complexity of planform and in‐channel morphology as part of a move to geomorphically‐based urban riverscape design to accommodate urbanized channel changes within the overall interdisciplinary framework and to increase overall riverscape amenity. Our approach uses River Builder software for deriving 3D rivers based on hydro‐morphodynamics and applies the Geomorphic Form Variation (GFV) approach as a measure of geomorphic complexity for collaborative urbanized stream planning. Assessment of planform variable inputs showed a strong control on in‐channel morphology, and GFV showed that form complexity increases with higher width variability, stream bank roughness, and meander bend frequencies and curvatures.
Linking biodiversity and biotic interactions to ecosystem functioning
Authors: Jayaramaiah Ramesha H. , Egidi Eleonora , Macdonald Catriona A. , Singh Brajesh K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBiodiversity is an essential component for ecosystem functioning and stability, with numerous biotic interactions and complementarity playing important roles. The complexity of these relationships can be seen in both above‐ and belowground ecosystems and understanding these intricate relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF) is critical to ecological research, especially in the context of rapidly changing global environments. This review synthesizes contemporary research and fundamental insights into BEF linkages, with a particular emphasis on the function of plant‐microbial biotic interactions in shaping aboveground biodiversity and their cascading effects on ecosystem processes. One of the most significant developments is the discovery that microbial communities responsible for a variety of soil functions are inextricably linked to plant communities and ecosystem processes. However, BEF studies rarely explore the relationships between above‐ and belowground biodiversity components, as well as how global change affects them. In light of this, we propose emerging paths for future study, emphasizing the necessity of global‐scale networks and collaborative efforts to address difficult ecological challenges. Addressing these crucial knowledge gaps might help to improve our understanding of the interplay between biodiversity, biotic interactions and ecosystem functions, thereby improving primary productivity as well as ecosystem resilience and sustainability in the face of projected global change.
Nature versus nurture: Quantifying the effects of management, region, and hillslope position on soil health indicators in an on‐farm survey in Minnesota
Authors: Blair Hava K. , Gutknecht Jessica L. , Jelinski Nicolas Adam , Lewandowski Ann Marcelle , Fisher Beth A. , Cates Anna M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA major challenge to implementing effective soil health assessments is how to distinguish the effects of management from underlying soil variability driven by inherent soil properties. This challenge has important consequences for the use of soil health indicators as tools for monitoring and assessment because soil‐forming factors constrain the range of indicator values and the magnitude of management‐induced changes. Here, we present results from a statewide survey of 15 soil health indicators measured on 30 fields on commercial farms across four major land resource areas in Minnesota. Fields included in the study differed in tillage, cover crop implementation, and crop rotation. Within each field, we collected samples from upper and lower hillslope positions to quantify the effect of topography. We consistently detected differences in soil health indicators between regions (13/15 indicators) and hillslope positions (8/15 indicators). However, only wet aggregate stability was sensitive to management across regions and years, highlighting the importance of physical indicators of soil health. This result was surprising in light of existing literature supporting the sensitivity of many soil health indicators to management, but it is consistent with other studies conducted in high organic matter soils in the Upper US Midwest. Our results highlight the need for regionally representative datasets to guide the development of interpretations and benchmarks for soil health indicators. This is particularly important when soil health indicators are applied outside traditional research contexts (such as in commercial soil health testing), where interpretation must take place without the benefit of historical baseline data.
A Nanoconfinement Strategy to Construct Co@CNTs for Lightweight and Ultra‐Broadband Microwave Absorption
Authors: Wang Xiangyu , Wang Baolei , Zhu Hongsong , Cao Boyuan , Liu Tong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe construction of stable and efficient nanocomposites with low addition and light weight has always been the goal pursued in the field of electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption. In this study, the Co@CNTs nanocomposites with Co nanoparticles (13 nm) nanoconfined in the carbon nanotube (CNT) are successfully synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method and phenolic assisted pyrolysis method. The degree of graphitization of CNTs and the microstructure of Co nanoparticles can be effectively regulated by controlling the calcination temperature. The sample calcined at 700 °C can obtain excellent absorption performance at a low filling capacity of 10 wt.%: the minimum reflection loss (RL) is −41.2 dB and the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) reaches a maximum width of 14.2 GHz. When the sample thickness is only 2.2 mm, the EAB of <−20 dB reaches 8.3 GHz, which is the maximum EAB of most current Co‐based absorbers. In particular, the polarization and ferromagnetic coupling behaviors are elucidated in depth with the aid of electromagnetic field simulations using the High‐Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). This work provides a new nanoconfinement strategy for constructing the Co@CNTs nanocomposites as lightweight and ultra‐broadband absorbing materials for EMW protection and EMW pollution control.
Z‐Scheme Heterojunction of Hierarchical Cu2S/CdIn2S4 Hollow Cubes to Boost Photoelectrochemical Performance
Authors: Zhang Si , Sun Jiahui , Ju Huangxian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe exaltation of light‐harvesting efficiency and the inhibition of fast charge recombination are pivotal to the improvement of photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance. Herein, a direct Z‐scheme heterojunction is designed of Cu2S/CdIn2S4 by in situ growth of CdIn2S4 nanosheets on the surface of hollow CuS cubes and then annealing at 400 °C. The constructed Z‐scheme heterojunction is demonstrated with electron paramagnetic resonance and redox couple (p‐nitrophenol/p‐aminophenol) measurements. Under illumination, it shows the photocurrent 6 times larger than that of hollow Cu2S cubes, and affords outstanding PEC performance over the known Cu2S and CdIn2S4‐based photocatalysts. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory results demonstrate a strong internal electric field formed in Cu2S/CdIn2S4 Z‐scheme heterojunction, which accelerates the Z‐scheme charge migration, thereby promoting electron–hole separation and enhancing their utilization efficiency. Moreover, the hollow structure of Cu2S is conducive to shortening the charge transport distance and improving light‐harvesting capability. In proof‐of‐concept PEC application, a PEC detection method for miRNA‐141 based on the sensitivity of benzo‐4‐chloro‐hexadienone to light absorption on Cu2S/CdIn2S4 modified electrode is developed with good selectivity and a limit of detection of 32 aM. This work provides a simple approach for designing photoactive materials with highly efficient PEC performance.
Fostering the transition to viable supply chains under risk/disaster events: A hierarchical analysis framework
Authors: Katsoras Efthymios , Georgiadis Patroklos 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study examines the state of the art in research on risk/disaster operations management in supply chains (SCs) and closed loop SCs (CLSCs) from a viability perspective. In addition, it integrates key research elements that could act as enablers of more efficient evolution paths in SC/CLSC management. To this end, the existing literature is categorized according to the nature of the disruptive event (risk or disaster), the event formulation, the structure of SC network (SC/CLSC), the source of the disruptive event, the decision‐making level (strategic, tactical or operational), the aim of risk/disaster management (viability–sustainability) and the relevant treatment methods. The target of this literature taxonomy process is threefold: (a) literature analysis with respect to risk and disaster management in SCs; (b) the formulation of a framework for selecting the most suitable treatment policies to manage risk/disaster events at strategic, tactical and operational levels, with the aim of achieving transition to viable SC networks; and (c) the codification of a methodological approach when developing models for achieving viability. The latter is introduced by proposing a dynamic model as an exemplary model to explain the state evolution of an SC network governed by dynamics subjected to viability constraints and, also, to reveal regulatory feedback mechanisms to achieve desired states.
Ubiquitous Role of Phosphine‐Based Water‐Soluble Ligand in Promoting Catalytic Reactions in Water
Authors: Patel Manisha A. , Kapdi Anant R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCatalysis has been at the forefront of the developments that has revolutionised synthesis and provided the impetus in the discovery of platform technologies for efficient C−C or C−X bond formation. Current environmental situation however, demands a change in strategy with catalysis being promoted more in solvents that are benign (Water) and for that the development of hydrophilic ligands (especially phosphines) is a necessity which could promote catalytic reactions in water, allow recyclability of the catalytic solutions and make it possible to isolate products using column‐free techniques that involve lesser usage of hazardous organic solvents. In this review, we therefore critically analyse such catalytic processes providing examples that do follow the above‐mentioned parameter.
Accurate prediction and intelligent control of COD and other parameters removal from pharmaceutical wastewater using electrocoagulation coupled with catalytic ozonation process
Authors: Li Yujie , Li Chen , Jia Yunhan , Wang Zhenbei , Liu Yatao , Zhang Zitan , DuanChen Xingyu , Ikhlaq Amir , Kumirska Jolanta , Siedlecka Ewa Maria , Ismailova Oksana , Qi Fei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, we employed the response surface method (RSM) and the long short‐term memory (LSTM) model to optimize operational parameters and predict chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal in the electrocoagulation‐catalytic ozonation process (ECOP) for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. Through RSM simulation, we quantified the effects of reaction time, ozone dose, current density, and catalyst packed rate on COD removal. Then, the optimal conditions for achieving a COD removal efficiency exceeding 50% were identified. After evaluating ECOP performance under optimized conditions, LSTM predicted COD removal (56.4%), close to real results (54.6%) with a 0.2% error. LSTM outperformed RSM in predictive capacity for COD removal. In response to the initial COD concentration and effluent discharge standards, intelligent adjustment of operating parameters becomes feasible, facilitating precise control of the ECOP performance based on this LSTM model. This intelligent control strategy holds promise for enhancing the efficiency of ECOP in real pharmaceutical wastewater treatment scenarios.Practitioner Points
This study utilized the response surface method (RSM) and the long short‐term memory (LSTM) model for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment optimization.
LSTM predicted COD removal (56.4%) closely matched experimental results (54.6%), with a minimal error of 0.2%.
LSTM demonstrated superior predictive capacity, enabling intelligent parameter adjustments for enhanced process control.
Intelligent control strategy based on LSTM holds promise for improving electrocoagulation‐catalytic ozonation process efficiency in pharmaceutical wastewater treatment.
Chromium (VI) removal by magnetite nanoparticles immobilized with extracellular polymeric substances extracted from Lysinibacillus sp. WH
Authors: Jungcharoen Phoomipat , Mekhin Phawida , Seelaphat Jiratchaya , Thongbai Prasit , Ekprasert Jindarat 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMagnetite nanoparticles (nano‐Fe3O4) and nano‐Fe3O4 immobilized with bacterial extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) extracted from Lysinibacillus sp. WH (Fe3O4/bact) were comparatively studied for the removal of Cr (VI) ions from aqueous solution in batch study. The objectives were to explore the removal of Cr (VI) efficiency by nano‐Fe3O4 and Fe3O4/bact under varying bacterial concentrations at a range of acidic pH. Results indicated that 150 ppm Cr (VI) could be effectively removed by 5 g/L of nano‐Fe3O4 at pH 4, with the efficiency of 89.2 ± 12%. The equilibrium time, determined by a pseudo‐second‐order model (R2 = 0.9983), was after 5 h, indicating chemical adsorption. The Cr (VI) removal by the nano‐Fe3O4 immobilized with bacterial EPS was effective and steady under a wide range of acidic conditions although bacterial EPS has an alkaline nature. Here, we are the first to demonstrate that Cr (VI) removal efficiency by different concentrations of EPS was not significantly different, suggesting EPS concentration is possibly not the most crucial factor to be optimized for Cr (VI) removal in the future. This study shows the potential application of nano‐Fe3O4 immobilized with bacterial EPS for wastewater treatment.Practitioner points
The equilibrium time for magnetite nanoparticles to remove Cr (VI) is 5 h, suggesting chemical adsorption.
The Cr (VI) removal efficiency of either magnetite nanoparticles or bacterial EPS is stable under a wide range of acidic conditions.
Magnetite nanoparticles immobilized with bacterial EPS extracted from Lysinibacillus sp. WH has a potential application for Cr (VI) removal in wastewater.