bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Macular Lesions in Leprosy: A Clinical, Bacteriological and Histopathological Study
Authors: Sarkar Rashmi , Kaur Inderjeet , Das Ashim , Sharma Vinod K. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAmong 150 untreated patients of leprosy, 19 had only macular lesions; three were of the indeterminate type, and eight each were of the tuberculoid and the borderline types, according to the Indian Association of Leprologists (IAL, 1981) classification. The clinical, bacteriological, and histopathological parameters of these 19 patients were studied both before and after six months of WHO Multi Drug Therapy (MDT/1982). A single macule was present in seven (36.84%) patients. In twelve (63.16%), two or more were seen. In eighteen (94.74%), one or more peripheral nerves were enlarged. The size of the macules varied from 5 to 15 cm, and there were no changes seen even after treatment. In most (94.74%) of the patients, the macules were hypopigmented. The surfaces were rough and dry in seven (36.84%) but smooth in the other twelve (63.16%). The margins were well defined in the seven (36.84%) patients with single macules but ill defined in the other twelve (63.16%). After six months of antileprosy treatment, the single macules showed some resolution. Slit skin smear examination was negative in all cases before and after treatment. Clinico‐histopathological correlations were seen in only six (31.58%) patients; the clinical diagnoses were indeterminate and tuberculoid leprosy in three (15.79%) patients each. In the indeterminate group, the clinico‐histopathological correlation was 100%; it was 37.50% in the tuberculoid group. There were no correlations between the clinical and histopathological parameters in thirteen (68.42%) cases. After six months of treatment, the histopathology became nonspecific in all patients. The lepromin test was positive in six (31.58%) patients; four were of the tuberculoid group and one each from the indeterminate and borderline leprosy groups. Hence, although macular lesions can be seen throughout the leprosy spectrum, it is difficult to correlate their clinical, bacteriological and histopathological parameters.
Metastatic Cutaneous Plasmacytoma: A Case Report Associated with IgA λ Multiple Myeloma and a Review of the Literature of Metastatic Cutaneous Plasmacytomas Associated with Multiple Myeloma and Primary Cutaneous Plasmacytomas
Authors: Kato Naoko , Kimura Kumiko , Yasukawa Kana , Aikawa Keiko 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe present the case of a 67‐year‐old Japanese woman with immunoglobulin A lambda (IgA λ) multiple myeloma (MM). She had firm nodular cutaneous lesions on the trunk and scalp without adjacent bone involvement. The patient was diagnosed as having IgA λ MM of stage IIIA with 52% plasmacytosis in the bone marrow six months before the appearance of the cutaneous lesions. The abnormal plasma cells showed moderate to marked dysplasia in both the bone marrow and skin lesions. The abnormal plasma cells in the bone marrow exhibited abnormal karyotypes: 41, XX, der (1) t (1p; 1q), −4, −10, −14, −16, −17, 17p+, that differed from the “unfavorable” karyotype reported previously.We reviewed the cases of metastatic cutaneous plasmacytoma in MM and cases of primary cutaneous plasmacytoma that have been reported in English or Japanese and identified the Ig class. Among the 83 cases of metastatic cutaneous plasmacytomas in MM, IgG, IgA, IgD, and Bence‐Jones protein were found in 52%, 23%, 16%, and 6%, respectively. A disproportionately high frequency of IgD λ MM was found to have spread to the skin, compared with the frequency of IgD MM itself, which was present in only around 2% of the MM cases. Among the 18 primary cutaneous plasmacytomas, IgG, IgA, and Bence‐Jones protein were found in 56%, 11%, and 17%, respectively, but no IgD was found.
Idiopathic Acquired Anhidrosis: Reversible Generalized Anhidrosis after Sunstroke
Authors: Chung Tae‐Suk , Lee Seung Hun 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIdiopathic acquired generalized anhidrosis is a very rare condition in which the pathogenesis is still unknown. Although varied findings have been reported, no consistent abnormal findings in sweat glands have been established by histological study or electronmicroscopic study. An 18‐year‐old Korean boy suffered from generalized anhidrosis after sunstroke. Physical and neurologic examination could not reveal any abnormal findings. There were no specific changes in the sweat glands, but amorphous vacuole‐like structures were seen in the cytoplasm of secretary cells. We reviewed the previous reports about this rare condition and compared them with our patient.
Eosinophil Activation and In situ Interleukin‐5 Production by Mononuclear Cells in Skin Lesions of Patients with Drug Hypersensitivity
Authors: Mikami Chikage , Ochiai Kenichi , Umemiya Keiko , Matsumura Ryutarou , Kagami Masaru , Tomioka Hisao , Sato Yuichi , Tanabe Emiko 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn order to determine the inflammatory mechanisms of skin lesions in patients with drug hypersentivity, we examined eosinophil activation and interleukin‐5 (IL‐5) production in infiltrating lymphocytes. First, we showed that the number of peripheral eosinophils and the level of serum IL‐5 at the eruption‐active stage were both significantly higher than those in healed skin eruptions. Histological and immunohistological examination revealed that CD4+ T cells and eosinophils significantly more densely infiltrated drug eruptions than control skin lesions. The infiltrating eosinophils were also shown to be activated by immunostaining using anti‐secreted formed eosinophilic cationic protein monoclonal antibody. The expression of mRNA for IL‐5 in the infiltrating mononuclear cells at drug eruptions was shown by in situ hybridization. These results suggest that infiltrating CD4+ T cells might regulate both peripheral and tissue eosinophils and facilitate allergic inflammation at drug eruptions by means of IL‐5 production.
A Case of Sarcoidosis Involving the Tongue
Authors: Nagata Yoshiko , Kanekura Takuro , Kawabata Hisashi , Shimomai Kouji , Higashi Yuko , Setoyama Mitsuru , Kanzaki Tamotsu 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disorder which commonly affects the skin. Involvement of the tongue is rare; a review of the previous literature over the last 30 years revealed only six cases of sarcoidosis affecting the tongue. We studied a case of sarcoidosis involving the tongue in a 32‐year‐old Japanese woman with characteristic clinical and pathological findings. She visited our department with a complaint of a tongue lesion of which she had been aware for a month. A diagnosis of sarcoidosis was made for the lesion by clinical and pathological examinations. Oral involvement by sarcoidosis is rare, however this disorder should be considered as a possible cause of intraoral granulomatous lesions.
A Novel Genodermatosis Caused by Mutations in Plakophilin 1, A Structural Component of Desmosomes
Authors: McGrath John A. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractDesmosomes are adhesive intercellular junctions that link adjacent cells and provide anchoring points for the keratin filament cytoskeleton. The mechanical integrity of desmosomes depends on a complex network of transmembranous and cytoplasmic proteins and glycoproteins each encoded by distinct genes. Recently, naturally occurring human mutations in one of these desmosomal structural components, plakophilin 1, have been described. The clinical features of the affected individuals, who have total ablation of plakophilin 1, comprise a combination of skin fragility and ectodermal dysplasia with loss of hair, reduced sweating and nail dystrophy. Desmosomes in the skin are small and poorly formed and there is widening of intercellular spaces between keratinocytes as well as detachment of the keratin filament network from the cell membrane. These clinicopathological observations demonstrate the relevance of plakophilin 1 to keratinocyte adhesion and epidermal morphogenesis. This new form of genodermatosis represents the first example of human desmosome gene mutations and its clinical and ultrastructural characteristics are highlighted in this article.
Characterization of Infiltrating T Cells in Human Scalp Explants from Alopecia Areata to SCID Nude Mice: Possible Role of the Disappearance of CD8+ T Lymphocytes in the Process of Hair Regrowth
Authors: Tsuboi Hiromi , Tanei Ryoji , Fujimura Takao , Ohta Yukinori , Katsuoka Kensei 
Published: April 2015

AbstractT cells may play a role in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata (AA). We attempted to elucidate the linkage between infiltrating T cells and hair regrowth processes by grafting scalp skin from the affected region of patients with AA onto severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) nude mice.When the AA scalp was grafted onto the mice, the grafts were accepted, and normal hair regrowth was observed. Before grafting, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells had infiltrated into the peribulb area. After grafting, the telogen hair shifted to anagen hair, and the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell infiltrates in the bulb area decreased in all cases. CD8+ T cells had almost disappeared from all portions of the follicles. It has been suggested that CD8+ T cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AA. The absence of CD8+ T lymphocytes that responded to follicular autoantigens may induce hair regrowth in the grafted skin.In addition, the CD4+ human T cells that had infiltrated or still remained in the upper‐middle portions including the bulge area accompanied the HLA‐DR expression after grafting. Infiltrating or surviving T cell phenotypes and locations changed during the hair cycle in the grafts. These results indicate that the location of infiltrated T cells and their phenotypes may participate not only in hair loss but also in regrowth of hair in AA.
Livedo Vasculitis Associated with Regional Cytophagic Histiocytoses
Authors: Kuno Yoshinori , Numata Tokio , Tsuji Takuo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe report a 70‐year‐old woman who developed recurrent multiple ulcers and residual atrophic scars on her legs and feet. The histology showed fibrinoid material in the dermal vessel walls causing partial to complete occlusion of the lumina. Capillary tufting and dilatation were also noted in the dermis. There was no vasculitis or panniculitis. Extravasated red blood cells were seen throughout the dermis; these were engulfed by benign‐appearing histiocytes around the dermal‐fat junction. As she was generally well and there was no evidence of the presence of cytophagic cells in her extracutaneous organs, she was diagnosed with regional phagocytic histiocytoses supposedly triggered by extravasated red blood cells.
A Case of Generalized Morphea with a High Titer of Anti‐Borrelia burgdorferi Antibodies
Authors: Nakashima Tomoko , Maeda Manabu , Hayashi Takao , Kitamura Ken 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA 69‐year‐old male had noticed pruritus on the back for the previous 3–4 years and cutaneous sclerosis with swelling of the dorsum of the neck had developed in the last one and a half years. However, he had never complained of Raynaud's phenomenon of the fingers, dry mouth, or dry eyes. At this first visit to our hospital, he complained of erythematous cutaneous sclerosis with swelling of the dorsum of the neck. Histopathological findings biopsed from the neck showed epidermal hyperplasia with elongation of rete ridges and homogeneous and fibromatous changes of the dermis with dense perivascular cell infiltration consisting of mononuclear cells or lymphocytes with several nests of incontinentia pigmenti. However, there were no sclerotic changes in blood vessels in the upper dermis biopsied from the forearm skin, although slightly homogeneous and fibromatous changes of the dermis were seen. In the clinical course, the cutaneous sclerotic change enlarged to extend to the bottom of the cheek, forearm, and lower legs. These clinical features and histopathological findings led to the diagnosis of generalized morphea. Hematologic examination showed positive anti‐Borrelia burgdorferi IgM antibodies, although there were no positive anti‐Borrelia burgdorferi IgG antibodies. These results revealed that there can be a close association of localized scleroderma with Borrelia burgdorferi and that generalized morphea may also represent a Borrelia infection.
Cutaneous Mucormycosis
Authors: Mizutari Kumiko , Nishimoto Katsutaro , Ono Tomomichi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe patient, a 59‐year‐old male, had been diagnosed as having alcoholic hepatopathy 20 years previously. He noticed localized swelling on his left leg after fishing in a river. The patient was diagnosed as having cutaneous mucormycosis upon histological and mycological examination of the skin. Gradual improvement of the symptoms was noted four weeks after administration of itraconazole and fruconazole; these were discontinued after five months.
Solitary Cellular Schwannoma (Neurilemmoma) Showing Malignant Changes: Evaluation through Magnetic Resonance Imaging (M.R.I.), Surgical Intervention, and Histopathology
Authors: Sehgal Virendra N. , Gupta Ram L. , Bhatia Arti , Kumar Sunil , Jain Sanjeev , Kapoor Vibhu 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSchwannoma (neurilemmoma) are common benign tumors arising from the peripheral nerve sheath. Malignant transformation is uncommon. A unique case showing such a transformation is reported highlighting the roles of magnetic resonance imaging, surgical intervention, and histopathology. The case was thoroughly investigated by learning the details of the sequence of events leading to the current status. The evaluation was made through magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, computed tomography and conventional radiography were used to locate any foci of calcification. Subsequently, the tumor's gross and microscopic morphology was defined by surgical intervention and histopathology. Malignant schwannoma of the left leg occupying the entire calf is extremely uncommon. Only ten cases have been reported thus far, including the current one from the Indian subcontinent. Malignant transformation in a schwannoma differs significantly from malignant nerve sheath tumors (erroneously called malignant schwannomas). An endeavour has been made to differentiate malignant transformation in schwannoma from other malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. An innovation in this direction is magnetic resonance imaging. This investigative procedure is imperative in such situations, along with surgery and histopathology, which may also help in classifying the condition.
The SAPASI Is Valid and Responsive to Psoriasis Disease Severity Changes in a Multi‐Center Clinical Trial
Authors: Fleischer Alan B. , Feldman Steven R. , Dekle Catherine L. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe developed a structured Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI)‐like instrument, the Self‐administered PASI (SAPASI), that allows subjects to assess accurately the severity of their psoriasis. The major limitation of our previous SAPASI validity studies is that all were performed in a single academic center, raising questions about the generalizability of the instrument. We administered the SAPASI to 182 subjects in a 12‐week, multicenter, double‐blind clinical trial of topical tazarotene for psoriasis. On the same day, investigators blind to the SAPASI rating determined the degree of erythema, induration, scale, body surface area (BSA) affected, and overall lesion severity of the subjects' psoriasis. Using these data, we calculated an investigator PASI‐Equivalent. Correlation analysis shows that for both initial and final assessments of psoriasis severity, the SAPASI score reflects the PASI‐Equivalent score in a significant way (p=.000l), although the correlation is a modest one (r=0.3 to 0.5). Significant (p=.0001), modest correlations were found between the subjects' reported BSAs and the investigators' reported BSAs. To assess responsiveness, the proportional changes of the SAPASI and PASI‐Equivalent were found to be modestly signficantly correlated (r=0.2, p=.QA). The results of this study support the general validity of the SAPASI and demonstrate that the SAPASI can detect changes in disease severity in a clinical trial. Significant correlations were also observed between SAPASI components and their investigator‐reported counterparts in this multicenter trial. To the best of our knowledge, the current study represents the first multicenter validity study performed on a psoriasis severity instrument, and clearly demonstrates the value of this instrument in assessing the psoriasis severity in a population.
Pityriasis Rosea in a Patient with Behçet's Disease Treated with Interferon Alpha 2A
Authors: Durusoy Çiçek , Alpsoy Erkan , Yilmaz Ertan 
Published: April 2015

AbstractInterferons have been used for the treatment of many diseases because of their immunomodulatory, antiviral, antitumoral, and antiproliferative effects. Systemic interferon alpha 2a (IFN‐α2a) is also efficacious in the management of Behçet's disease (BD). Many adverse cutaneous reactions related to IFN‐α have been reported. In the light of the current literature, we report here the first case of Pityriasis rosea (PR) that developed while receiving IFN‐α2a for BD. However, since this is the first report on this association, further observations are needed to determine their clinical relevance.
Cutaneous Mucinous Nodules Associated with Proliferating Synovitis of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Nihei Yoshimichi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is occasionally associated with specific or non‐specific cutaneous conditions. In this report, we describe unusual cutaneous nodules arising on the skin overlying the inflamed joints of two patients with RA. The nodules were histopatho‐logically characterized by mucinous granulation tissue associated with neutrophilic infiltration and proliferation of starry‐shaped mesenchymal cells. The affected joints of both cases showed synovitis with synovial tissue hyperplasia due to RA. Because hyaluronic mucin, which is the major component of synovial fluids, was deposited in the nodules, intradermal inoculation of synovial cells seemed to be responsible for the nodular development. The nodules of one patient spontaneously resolved in several months. We are unaware of any report describing similar cases. Such nodules should be included as a cutaneous complication of RA, distinct from neoplasias.
Successful Treatment of Adolescent Pemphigus Vulgaris by Immunoadsorption Method
Authors: Ogata Kimiko , Yasuda Kayo , Matsushita Mitsuji , Kodama Hajime 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA 15‐year‐old girl with pemphigus vulgaris did not respond to oral administration of prednisolone at 45 mg/day. The skin and oral mucous membrane lesions recurred after effective treatments with methylprednisolone pulse therapy and combination therapy with prednisolone and cyclosporine. The finally successful treatment involved eleven cycles of immunoadsorption using a tryptophan column and administration of a moderate dose of prednisolone. Serum γ‐globulin level and anti‐intercellular antibody titer decreased from 1.08 g/dl to 0.5 g/dl and 1:320 to 1:20, respectively. She has been well controlled with 21.5 mg/day prednisolone for 8 months after the final adsorption. Considering the physical, mental and social situation of adolescent student patients, immunoadsorption is a highly preferable choice among a variety of treatment modalities for pemphigus vulgaris because it makes the term of hospitalization shorter and avoids undesirable side effects from initial high dose corticosteroids.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Renal Transplant Recipient with Linear Porokeratosis
Authors: Anzai Saburo , Takeo Naoko , Yamaguchi Tomiko , Sato Toshihiro , Takasaki Syuji , Terashi Hiroto , Takayasu Susumu , Takahashi Shinichi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA 40‐year‐old man developed squamous cell carcinoma on a perianal lesion of linear porokeratosis after renal transplantation. The tumor metastasized to the left inguinal lymph node 25 months after the primary tumor was excised. p53 overexpression was observed in the tumor cells, but not in the porokeratotic lesion. Interestingly, continuous subcutaneous infusion of peplomycin for the lymph node metastasis significantly improved the warty lesions of porokeratosis. In this patient, immunosuppressive agents might have accelerated the development of carcinoma on a skin area with malignant potential.
Paget's Disease Arising Near a Male Areola without an Underlying Carcinoma
Authors: Takeuchi Tsunemichi , Komatsuzaki Makoto , Minesaki Yoshinori , Yokoi Kiyoshi , Kamide Ryoichi , Niimura Michihito , Yamada Tsunemasa 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe report a 56‐year‐old man with Paget's disease occurring near the left areola without any underlying breast carcinoma. Histologically, there was no evidence suggesting continuity with a lactiferous duct, accessory breast, or microscopic gynecomastia. We review previous case reports of Paget's disease occurring in unusual sites and discuss their nomenclature from the histogenetic point of view.
The Correlation of the Metastatic Ability with Keratin Expression in Cultured Murine Melanoma Cell Lines, B16‐F1 and‐F10
Authors: Kawaguchi Masakazu , Katagata Yohtaro , Kondo Shigeo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractKeratin is an intermediate filament that is a major structural protein of epithelial cells. Until now, the expression of keratin in melanoma cells has not been well understood. Recently, it has been reported that keratin expression is correlated with invasive and metastatic behavior in a variety of cell types.We report keratin expression in cultured murine melanoma cell lines B16‐F1 (low incidence of lung colonization) and F10 (high incidence of lung colonization) using an aqueous solution (10 mM Tris‐HCl (pH 7.4)/10 mM EDTA/phenylmethyl sulphonyl fluoride (PMSF, 10 µg/ml). By comparing these two cell lines, we investigated whether differences in keratin expression can influence the metastatic ability of tumor cell lines in vitro. However, no remarkable differences in keratin expression were found in these cell lines.
An Assessment of the Role of Candida albicans Antigen in Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Morita Eishin , Hide Michihiro , Yoneya Yasuko , Kannbe Masayuki , Tanaka Akira , Yamamoto Shoso 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAn immediate hypersensitivity reaction to Candida albicans (C. albicans) antigen has been observed in patients with atopic dermatitis. Recent data from a comparative study of the immune response to C. albicans antigen in patients with atopic dermatitis and non‐atopics suggest a shift form type 1 helper T cells to type 2 helper T cells in the immune response to C. albicans antigen in atopic dermatitis. To delineate the role of C. albicans in the pathogenesis in atopic dermatitis, we evaluated skin reaction of C. albicans antigen, as well as the serum IgE antibody level against C. albicans in patients with atopic dermatitis, patients with nasal allergy, and non‐atopics. In addition, the clinical effect of antifungal drugs was evaluated in the patients with atopic dermatitis. As a result, we found that immediate hypersensitivity to C. albicans antigen is strongly correlated with the patients with atopic dermatitis. On the other hand, the delayed‐type hypersensitivity to this antigen, which is highly prevalent in atopics without dermatitis as well as non‐atopics, was reduced in most of these patients. Antifungal drugs markedly improved the skin manifestations in patients with atopic dermatitis that have IgE antibodies against C. albicans, and the serum IgE levels also decreased. These results suggest that C. albicans antigen is a potent intrinsic factor in inducing skin lesions in atopic dermatitis because of IgE‐mediated hypersensitivity of C. albicans antigen.