bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of total cholesterol/apoB100 with lipid and protein oxidation products in stable angina patients treated with statins
Authors: Burchardt Pawel , Tabaczewski Piotr , Synowiec Tomasz , Murawa Dawid , Żurawski Jakub , Szczepanik Adam , Banaszak Agnieszka , Pałasz Anna , Wysocki Henryk 
Published: September 2012

AbstractOxidative modification of lipids contained in lipoproteins may contribute to initiation of local inflammation in the vascular endothelium and ultimately to the atherosclerotic plaque formation. Therefore, in patients with high cardiovascular risk in primary as well as in secondary prevention, it is recommended that the serum low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol be reduced. However, the management of patients with LDL level at goal is still a matter of debate. Various parameters have been proposed for predicting increased cardiovascular risk. It was found that among known indicators of lipid metabolism deregulation the ratio of total cholesterol/apoB100 associates with the severity of coronary arteriosclerosis in population of individuals with LDL levels < 100 mg/dL. There are several possible hypotheses for this phenomenon (impaired reduction of apoB100 expression by statins or increased triglyceride content of apoB100 containing lipoproteins compatible with oxidized LDL phenotype in subjects with high cardiovascular burden). In this paper, we discuss the increased susceptibility of plasma lipoproteins to oxidation. To verify this hypothesis, we undertook to determine, in the susceptible population described previously, whether there is a relation of total cholesterol (TC) ratio to apoB100 with known oxidative stress exponents such as protein and lipid oxidation products (LPP). TC/apoB100 was found to have a significant association with the level of LPPs in most examined subgroups (except subjects on statins with LDL > 100 mg/dL).See commentary by Grabowski http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.201200295
Cross‐metathesis versus palladium‐catalyzed CH activation: Acetoxy ester functionalization of unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters
Authors: von Czapiewski Marc , Kreye Oliver , Mutlu Hatice , Meier Michael A. R. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractTwo synthetic approaches to functionalize plant oil derived platform chemicals were investigated. For this purpose, methyl 10‐undecenoate, which can be obtained by pyrolysis of castor oil, was used in olefin cross‐metathesis under neat conditions forming an unsaturated α,ω‐acetoxy ester. A catalyst screening with 11 different ruthenium‐based metathesis catalysts was performed, revealing that well‐suited catalysts allow for full conversion and very good cross‐metathesis selectivity at a loading of only 0.5 mol%. An alternative possibility to the aforementioned synthetic method is a palladium‐catalyzed reaction of methyl 10‐undecenoate with acetic acid in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide. Here, the formation of linear and branched unsaturated acetoxy esters as well as a ketone was observed. The conversion as well as the selectivity of this procedure was studied under different reaction conditions and compared to the cross‐metathesis results. Based on the successful functionalization of methyl 10‐undecenoate, methyl oleate was investigated in this palladium‐catalyzed CH activation reaction. Due to the lower reactivity of the internal double bond the desired acetoxy ester was only obtained in moderate conversion in this case. In summary, this study clearly shows that palladium‐catalyzed functionalization of unsaturated fatty compounds via CH activation is an attractive alternative to the well‐established olefin cross‐metathesis procedure.
Synthesis of new polyester polyols from epoxidized vegetable oils and biobased acids
Authors: Caillol Sylvain , Desroches Myriam , Boutevin Gilles , Loubat Cédric , Auvergne Rémi , Boutevin Bernard 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBiobased polyols were synthesized from reaction between epoxidized soybean oil and lactic, glycolic, or acetic acids. Polyols were characterized by NMR, alcohol and acid titration, and SEC. These analyses allowed to determine an average hydroxyl functionality between 4 and 5, with an oligomer content close to 50 wt%. Synthesized polyols were formulated with isocyanate to yield polyurethanes (PUs). Thermal and mechanical properties of obtained materials showed that synthesized polyols lead to rigid and brittle material with Young moduli higher than 900 N/mm2 at RT and with Tg values around 50°C.Practical application: The products of the chemistry described in this contribution, i.e.: polyol from vegetable oils and lactic, glycolic, or acetic acids, provide biobased building blocks for further PUs syntheses by reaction with diisocyanates. The obtained PUs are partially biobased and may be applied as binders and coatings.
Stabilization of meat suspensions by organogelation: A rheological approach
Authors: Lupi Francesca R. , Gabriele Domenico , Baldino Noemi , Seta Lucia , de Cindio Bruno , De Rose Carlo 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe stabilization of suspensions is a relevant issue in several industrial applications and particularly in the food area. Water‐based systems are widely studied and they are commonly stabilized by the addition of hydrocolloids (such as polysaccharides or proteins) whereas for oil‐based products less information is available. In this paper, oil‐based meat suspensions are investigated, and the addition of organogelators is proposed as a potential solution to the stability problems currently observed in some practical applications. Investigated suspensions are obtained by grinding a meat phase with vegetable oil blends, thus yielding products typically used in the traditional southern Italian diet as spreadable spicy sauces or as oil‐based dressings for pizzas. The effects of proposed additives were investigated by destabilizing the modified suspensions (by centrifugation) and comparing their rheological characteristics and oil loss to those of the unmodified systems (i.e., without addition of stabilizers). It was observed that both additives exert a stabilizing action, even if one of them (monoglycerides of fatty acids) is more effective than the other, even at a very low concentration. The adopted rheological approach has proved very useful to determine the type and amount of the proper organogelator to be used as an oil suspension stabilizer.
Epoxidation with hydrogen peroxide of unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters over Nb(V)‐silica catalysts
Authors: Tiozzo Cristina , Bisio Chiara , Carniato Fabio , Marchese Leonardo , Gallo Alessandro , Ravasio Nicoletta , Psaro Rinaldo , Guidotti Matteo 
Published: September 2012

AbstractNiobium(V)‐containing silica catalysts were prepared by deposition of niobocene dichloride onto the surface of high‐surface area silica supports following a dry impregnation or a liquid‐phase grafting approach. These materials were used as heterogeneous catalysts for the selective epoxidation, in the presence of aqueous hydrogen peroxide, of a representative set of unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), namely methyl oleate, methyl linoleate, and methyl ricinoleate. They all proved to be water‐tolerant, recyclable, resistant to metal leaching, active and selective in the production of the related epoxidised FAME.
Zinc Oxide Modified Au Electrode as Sensor for an Efficient Detection of Hydrazine
Authors: Sultana Wajeeha , Ghosh Somnath , Eraiah B. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) prepared by microwave heating technique are used to modify a gold electrode (ZnO/Au) for the hydrazine detection study. The synthesized product is well characterized by various techniques. Detailed electrochemical investigation of the oxidation of hydrazine on the ZnO/Au electrode in 0.02 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) of pH 7.4 was carried out. A very low detection limit of 66 nM (S/N=4) and a wide linearity in current for a concentration range from 66.0×10−3 to 415 µM was achieved by amperometry. The electrode was found to be stable for over a month when preserved in PBS.
Modeling of a Tubular‐SOFC: The Effect of the Thermal Radiation of Fuel Components and CO Participating in the Electrochemical Process
Authors: Hajimolana S. A. , Hussain M. A. , Soroush M. , Wan Daud W. M. A. , Chakrabarti M. H. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractA mathematical model based on first principles is developed to study the effect of heat and electrochemical phenomena on a tubul solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The model accounts fordiffusion, inherent impedance, transport (momentum, heat and mass transfer) processes, internal reforming/shifting reaction, electrochemical processes, and potential losses (activation, concentration, and ohmic losses). Thermal radiation of fuel gaseous components is considered in detail in this work in contrast to other reported work in the literature. The effect of thermal radiation on SOFC performance is shown by comparing with a model without this factor. Simulation results indicate that at higher inlet fuel flow pressures and also larger SOFC lengths the effect of thermal radiation on SOFC temperature becomes more significant. In this study, the H2 and CO oxidation is also studied and the effect of CO oxidation on SOFC performance is reported. The results show that the model which accounts for the electrochemical reaction ofCO results in better SOFC performance than other reported models. This work also reveals that at low inlet fuel flow pressures the CO and H2 electrochemical reactions are competitive and significantly dependent on the CO/H2 ratio inside the triple phase boundary.
Charakterisierung der ingenieurgeologischen Vortriebsdokumentation von Hydroschildvortrieben am Beispiel der Baulose H3‐4 und H8 im Unterinntal
Authors: Wendl Katharina , Scholz Marcus , Thuro Kurosch 
Published: September 2012

AbstractDie geologische Vortriebsdokumentation bei Hydroschildvortrieben ist aufgrund der im Regelbetrieb unzugänglichen Ortsbrust im Vergleich zu konventionellen Vortrieben erschwert und wurde daher in der Vergangenheit häufig vernachlässigt. Die Erfahrung aus zwei Vortrieben im Unterinntal/Tirol zeigt jedoch, dass trotz dieser erschwerten Bedingungen eine Vortriebsdokumentation möglich und zielführend ist. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt die ingenieurgeologische Vortriebsdokumentation bei Hydroschildvortrieben, die sich aus einer indirekten und einer direkten Dokumentationsweise zusammensetzt. Als indirekte Dokumentation wird dabei die Erfassung der Eigenschaften des Ausbruchsmaterials im Regelvortrieb bezeichnet. Im Gegensatz dazu wird bei der direkten Dokumentation das Gestein während eines Drucklufteinstiegs an der Ortsbrust begutachtet. Aus der Kombination beider Dokumentationsweisen und der Einbeziehung weiterer Informationen aus dem Vortriebsgeschehen ergibt sich ein gutes Abbild der aufgefahrenen geologischen Verhältnisse. Des Weiteren ist die Kenntnis der geologischen Gegebenheiten eine Voraussetzung für die Analyse der Wechselwirkungen zwischen Baugrund und Maschine.Characterisation of engineering geological documentation of slurry shield drives – practical experience from construction lots H3‐4 und H8 in the Lower Inn Valley. The engineering geological documentation of slurry shield drives is limited due to adverse accessibility of the tunnel face during a slurry shield drive. Due to this reason, an extensive geological documentation was rather an exception than default in the past. A detailed engineering geological documentation has been established during two slurry shield drives in Tyrol/Austria, which showed that geological documentation is possible and contributes well to supporting the site management. The documentation comprises two parts: the indirect documentation of the excavated material and the direct documentation of the tunnel face under hyperbaric air support during maintenance interruptions. Combining the results of indirect and direct documentation leads to a complete and detailed picture of the geological conditions. Therefore it will become possible to compare the prognosis to the encountered condition. Furthermore profound consideration of geological aspects leads to a better understanding of interactions between building ground and slurry shield drive.
Überwachung und Modellierung der geologischen CO2‐Speicherung – Erfahrungen vom Pilotstandort Ketzin, Brandenburg (Deutschland)
Authors: Liebscher Axel , Martens Sonja , Möller Fabian , Lüth Stefan , Schmidt‐Hattenberger Cornelia , Kempka Thomas , Szizybalski Alexandra , Kühn Michael 
Published: September 2012

AbstractDer Pilotstandort Ketzin in Brandenburg ist das erste und bisher einzige aktive CO2‐Speicherprojekt in Deutschland. Seit Beginn der Einspeicherung von Kohlenstoffdioxid (CO2) im Juni 2008 wurden bis Dezember 2011 mehr als 56.000 t CO2 erfolgreich in Sandsteinhorizonte in einer Tiefe von 630 bis 650 m injiziert. Die Injektion von CO2 wird von einem der weltweit umfangreichsten wissenschaftlichen Forschungs‐ und Entwicklungsprogramme begleitet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass (i) die geologische Speicherung von CO2 am Pilotstandort Ketzin sicher, verlässlich und ohne Gefährdung von Mensch und Umwelt verläuft, (ii) eine sinnvoll eingesetzte Kombination verschiedener geochemischer und geophysikalischer Überwachungsmethoden in der Lage ist, bereits geringe Mengen CO2 zu detektieren und ihre räumliche Ausdehnung abzubilden, (iii) die durch das injizierte CO2 induzierten Wechselwirkungen zwischen Fluid und Gestein am Standort Ketzin keine signifikanten Auswirkungen haben und die Integrität der Speicher‐ und Deckgesteine nicht beeinflussen, und (iv) numerische Simulationen das zeitliche und räumliche Verhalten des injizierten CO2 wiedergeben können.Monitoring and modelling of geological storage of CO2 – Experiences gained at the Ketzin pilot site, Brandenburg (Germany). The Ketzin pilot site in Brandenburg was the first and is still the only active CO2 storage project in Germany. Since start of injection of carbon dioxide (CO2) in June 2008, more than 56,000 t CO2 have been successfully injected into sandstone horizons at depths of 630 to 650 m until December 2011. The injection of CO2 is accompanied by one of the most comprehensive scientific research and development programmes. The results show that i) the geological storage of CO2 at the Ketzin test site runs safely, reliably and without any risks for people and environment, ii) a meaningful combination of different geochemical and geophysical monitoring techniques is able to detect even small amounts of CO2 and to mirror its spatial distribution, iii) fluid‐rock interactions induced by the injected CO2 have no significant effects at the Ketzin test site and do not affect the reservoir and cap rocks' integrity, and iv) numerical simulations are able to quantify the timely and spatial behaviour of the injected CO2.
Neuregelung des Nachweises der vertikalen Tragfähigkeit von Spundwänden in der EAU
Authors: Schallück Christoph , Pichler Torben , Henke Sascha 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAnhand einer statistischen Auswertung dynamischer Pfahlprobebelastungen und zugehöriger Drucksondierungen wird ein neues Nachweisverfahren der vertikalen Tragfähigkeit für Spundwände vorgestellt, das in die 11. Auflage der EAU eingehen wird. Es wird gezeigt, dass die mittels Pfahlprobebelastungen ermittelte Gesamttragfähigkeit in nahezu allen Fällen die rechnerische Tragfähigkeit übersteigt. Das Nachweisverfahren wird hiermit der Fachwelt vorgestellt und diese wird aufgefordert, den Autoren Daten aus dynamischen Pfahlprobebelastungen und zugehörigen Drucksondierungen zur weiteren Validierung des Nachweisverfahrens zur Verfügung zu stellen.Revision of the verification procedure for vertically loaded sheet piles of the EAU. On the basis of statistical evaluations of dynamic pile tests and corresponding cone penetration tests, a new verification procedure for vertically loaded sheet piles is introduced. It is shown, that the real bearing capacity of nearly all tested sheet piles is higher than the calculated bearing capacity. By this paper, the new verification procedure is presented to the concerned professional's public. The authors encourage professionals to provide data of dynamic pile tests and corresponding cone penetration tests for further validation of this new approach.
Regulating the regulators: Serine/arginine‐rich proteins under scrutiny
Authors: Risso Guillermo , Pelisch Federico , Quaglino Ana , Pozzi Berta , Srebrow Anabella 
Published: September 2012

AbstractSerine/arginine‐rich (SR) proteins are among the most studied splicing regulators. They constitute a family of evolutionarily conserved proteins that, apart from their initially identified and deeply studied role in splicing regulation, have been implicated in genome stability, chromatin binding, transcription elongation, mRNA stability, mRNA export and mRNA translation. Remarkably, this list of SR protein activities seems far from complete, as unexpected functions keep being unraveled. An intriguing aspect that awaits further investigation is how the multiple tasks of SR proteins are concertedly regulated within mammalian cells. In this article, we first discuss recent findings regarding the regulation of SR protein expression, activity and accessibility. We dive into recent studies describing SR protein auto‐regulatory feedback loops involving different molecular mechanisms such asunproductive splicing, microRNA‐mediated regulation and translational repression. In addition, we take into account another step of regulation of SR proteins, presenting new findings about a variety of post‐translational modifications by proteomics approaches and how some of these modifications can regulate SR protein sub‐cellular localization or stability. Towards the end, we focus in two recently revealed functions of SR proteins beyond mRNA biogenesis and metabolism, the regulation of micro‐RNA processing and the regulation of small ubiquitin‐like modifier (SUMO) conjugation. © 2012 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 64(10): 809–816, 2012
Cleavage of the BRCT tandem domains of nibrin by the 657del5 mutation affects the DNA damage response less than the Arg215Trp mutation
Authors: Mendez Gina , Cilli Domenica , Berardinelli Francesco , Viganotti Mara , Ascenzi Paolo , Tanzarella Caterina , Antoccia Antonio , di Masi Alessandra 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in NBN gene and characterized by chromosomal instability and hypersensitivity to ionizing radiations (IR). The N‐terminus of nibrin (NBN) contains a tandem breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) carboxy‐terminal (BRCT) domain that represents one of the major mediators of phosphorylation‐dependent protein‐protein interactions in processes related to cell cycle checkpoint and DNA repair functions. Patients with NBS compound heterozygous for the 657del5 hypomorphic mutation and for the Arg215Trp missense mutation (corresponding to the 643C>T gene mutation) display a clinical phenotype more severe than that of patients homozygous for the 657del5 mutation. Here, we show that both the 657del5 and Arg215Trp mutations, occurring within the tandem BRCT domains of NBN, although not altering the assembly of the MRE11/RAD50/NBN (MRN) complex, affect the MRE11 IR‐induced nuclear foci (IRIF) formation and the DNA double‐strand break (DSB) signaling via the phosphorylation of both ataxia‐telangiectasia‐mutated (ATM) kinase and ATM downstream targets (e.g., SMC1 and p53). Remarkably, data obtained indicate that the cleavage of the BRCT tandem domains of NBN by the 657del5 mutation affects the DNA damage response less than the Arg215Trp mutation. Indeed, the 70‐kDa NBN fragment, arising from the 657del5 mutation, maintains the capability to interact with MRE11 and γ‐H2AX and to form IRIF. Altogether, the role of the tandem BRCT domains of NBN in the localization of the MRN complex at the DNA DSB and in the activation of the damage response is highlighted. © 2012 IUBMB, IUBMB Life, 64(10):853–861, 2012
TAK1, more than just innate immunity
Authors: Dai Liang , Aye Thu Chan , Liu Xin‐Yu , Xi Jiajia , Cheung Peter C. F. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractTransforming growth factor β‐activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is a key regulator of the innate immunity and the proinflammatory signaling pathway. In response to interleukin‐1, tumor necrosis factor‐α, and toll‐like receptor agonists, it mediates the activation of the nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB), c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 pathways. In addition, TAK1 plays a central role in adaptive immunity, in which it mediates signaling from T‐ and B‐cell receptors. This review will focus on recent developments and also examine the regulation of TAK1 in response to a diverse range of other stimuli including DNA damage, transforming growth factor‐β, Wnt, osmotic stress, and hypoxia. © 2012 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 2012, 64(10):825–834, 2012
Enemy or partner: Relationship between intronic micrornas and their host genes
Authors: Gao Xu , Qiao Yu , Han Dong , Zhang Yanfen , Ma Ning 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIn the past several years, microRNAs have been identified as a class of important regulators of gene expression. One hot topic in the microRNA field is the location of microRNA genes. Most microRNAs are called intronic microRNAs, which are encoded in the introns of coding or non‐coding genes. Some research studies have shown that intronic miRNAs coexpress and act similarly to their host genes; however, other research studies have suggested that their level of expression and function are opposite to that of their host genes. Intronic microRNAs have been reported to play an antagonistic or synergetic role as an enemy or a partner of their host genes. Elucidation of the relationship between intronic microRNAs and their host genes will facilitate a deeper understanding of gene expression and the function of introns. This mini review will discuss recent research addressing intronic microRNAs and their host genes. © 2012 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 64(10): 835–840, 2012
Comparing normal modes across different models and scales: Hessian reduction versus coarse‐graining
Authors: Ghysels An , Miller Benjamin T. , Pickard Frank C. , Brooks Bernard R. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractDimension reduction is often necessary when attempting to reach longer length and time scales in molecular simulations. It is realized by constraining degrees of freedom or by coarse‐graining the system. When evaluating the accuracy of a dimensional reduction, there is a practical challenge: the models yield vectors with different lengths, making a comparison by calculating their dot product impossible. This article investigates mapping procedures for normal mode analysis. We first review a horizontal mapping procedure for the reduced Hessian techniques, which projects out degrees of freedom. We then design a vertical mapping procedure for the “implosion” of the all‐atom (AA) Hessian to a coarse‐grained scale that is based upon vibrational subsystem analysis. This latter method derives both effective force constants and an effective kinetic tensor. Next, a series of metrics is presented for comparison across different scales, where special attention is given to proper mass‐weighting. The dimension‐dependent metrics, which require prior mapping for proper evaluation, are frequencies, overlap of normal mode vectors, probability similarity, Hessian similarity, collectivity of modes, and thermal fluctuations. The dimension‐independent metrics are shape derivatives, elastic modulus, vibrational free energy differences, heat capacity, and projection on a predefined basis set. The power of these metrics to distinguish between reasonable and unreasonable models is tested on a toy alpha helix system and a globular protein; both are represented at several scales: the AA scale, a Gō‐like model, a canonical elastic network model, and a network model with intentionally unphysical force constants. Published 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.