bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to rule out (g − 2)μ in $$ \textrm{U}{(1)}_{L_{\mu }-{L}_{\tau }} $$ with white dwarf cooling
Authors: Foldenauer Patrick , Zink Jaime Hoefken 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In recent years, the gauge group $$ \textrm{U}{(1)}_{L_{\mu }-{L}_{\tau }} $$
U

1

L
μ

−

L
τ

has received a lot of attention since it can, in principle, account for the observed excess in the anomalous muon magnetic moment (g − 2)μ, as well as the Hubble tension. Due to unavoidable, loop-induced kinetic mixing with the SM photon and Z, the $$ \textrm{U}{(1)}_{L_{\mu }-{L}_{\tau }} $$
U

1

L
μ

−

L
τ

gauge boson A′ can contribute to stellar cooling via decays into neutrinos. In this work, we perform for the first time an ab initio computation of the neutrino emissivities of white dwarf stars due to plasmon decay in a model of gauged $$ \textrm{U}{(1)}_{L_{\mu }-{L}_{\tau }} $$
U

1

L
μ

−

L
τ

. A key result is that current observations of the early-stage white dwarf neutrino luminosity at the 30% level exclude previously allowed regions of the parameter space favoured by a simultaneous explanation of the (g – 2)μ and H0 anomalies. In this work, we present the relevant white dwarf cooling limits over the entire A′ mass range. In particular, we have performed a rigorous computation of the luminosities in the resonant regime, where the A′ mass is comparable to the white dwarf plasma frequencies.
Geometric BV for twisted Courant sigma models and the BRST power finesse
Authors: Chatzistavrakidis Athanasios , Ikeda Noriaki , Jonke Larisa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We study twisted Courant sigma models, a class of topological field theories arising from the coupling of 3D 0-/2-form BF theory and Chern-Simons theory and containing a 4-form Wess-Zumino term. They are examples of theories featuring a nonlinearly open gauge algebra, where products of field equations appear in the commutator of gauge transformations, and they are reducible gauge systems. We determine the solution to the master equation using a technique, the BRST power finesse, that combines aspects of the AKSZ construction (which applies to the untwisted model) and the general BV-BRST formalism. This allows for a geometric interpretation of the BV coefficients in the interaction terms of the master action in terms of an induced generalised connection on a 4-form twisted (pre-)Courant algebroid, its Gualtieri torsion and the basic curvature tensor. It also produces a frame independent formulation of the model. We show, moreover, that the gauge fixed action is the sum of the classical one and a BRST commutator, as expected from a Schwarz type topological field theory.
Weight Decompositions on Algebraic Models for Mapping Spaces and Homotopy Automorphisms
Authors: Cirici Joana , Saleh Bashar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe obtain restrictions on the rational homotopy types of mapping spaces and of classifying spaces of homotopy automorphisms by means of the theory of positive weight decompositions. The theory applies, in particular, to connected components of holomorphic maps between compact Kähler manifolds as well as homotopy automorphisms of Kähler manifolds.
CD74 is a functional MIF receptor on activated CD4+ T cells
Authors: Zhang Lin , Woltering Iris , Holzner Mathias , Brandhofer Markus , Schaefer Carl-Christian , Bushati Genta , Ebert Simon , Yang Bishan , Muenchhoff Maximilian , Hellmuth Johannes C. , Scherer Clemens , Wichmann Christian , Effinger David , Hübner Max , El Bounkari Omar , Scheiermann Patrick , Bernhagen Jürgen , Hoffmann Adrian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNext to its classical role in MHC II-mediated antigen presentation, CD74 was identified as a high-affinity receptor for macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a pleiotropic cytokine and major determinant of various acute and chronic inflammatory conditions, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Recent evidence suggests that CD74 is expressed in T cells, but the functional relevance of this observation is poorly understood. Here, we characterized the regulation of CD74 expression and that of the MIF chemokine receptors during activation of human CD4+ T cells and studied links to MIF-induced T-cell migration, function, and COVID-19 disease stage. MIF receptor profiling of resting primary human CD4+ T cells via flow cytometry revealed high surface expression of CXCR4, while CD74, CXCR2 and ACKR3/CXCR7 were not measurably expressed. However, CD4+ T cells constitutively expressed CD74 intracellularly, which upon T-cell activation was significantly upregulated, post-translationally modified by chondroitin sulfate and could be detected on the cell surface, as determined by flow cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and re-analysis of available RNA-sequencing and proteomic data sets. Applying 3D-matrix-based live cell-imaging and receptor pathway-specific inhibitors, we determined a causal involvement of CD74 and CXCR4 in MIF-induced CD4+ T-cell migration. Mechanistically, proximity ligation assay visualized CD74/CXCR4 heterocomplexes on activated CD4+ T cells, which were significantly diminished after MIF treatment, pointing towards a MIF-mediated internalization process. Lastly, in a cohort of 30 COVID-19 patients, CD74 surface expression was found to be significantly upregulated on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in patients with severe compared to patients with only mild disease course. Together, our study characterizes the MIF receptor network in the course of T-cell activation and reveals CD74 as a novel functional MIF receptor and MHC II-independent activation marker of primary human CD4+ T cells.
Lactate modulates zygotic genome activation through H3K18 lactylation rather than H3K27 acetylation
Authors: Zhao Yanhua , Zhang Meiting , Huang Xingwei , Liu Jiqiang , Sun Yuchen , Zhang Fan , Zhang Na , Lei Lei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn spite of its essential role in culture media, the precise influence of lactate on early mouse embryonic development remains elusive. Previous studies have implicated lactate accumulation in medium affecting histone acetylation. Recent research has underscored lactate-derived histone lactylation as a novel epigenetic modification in diverse cellular processes and diseases. Our investigation demonstrated that the absence of sodium lactate in the medium resulted in a pronounced 2-cell arrest at the late G2 phase in embryos. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the absence of sodium lactate significantly impaired the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT), particularly in zygotic gene activation (ZGA). Investigations were conducted employing Cut&Tag assays targeting the well-studied histone acetylation and lactylation sites, H3K18la and H3K27ac, respectively. The findings revealed a noticeable reduction in H3K18la modification under lactate deficiency, and this alteration showed a significant correlation with changes in gene expression. In contrast, H3K27ac exhibited minimal correlation. These results suggest that lactate may preferentially influence early embryonic development through H3K18la rather than H3K27ac modifications.
Cardiac disease-induced trauma and stress-related disorders
Authors: Princip Mary , Ledermann Katharina , Altwegg Rahel , von Känel Roland 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective
This review aims to present an updated overview of cardiac disease-induced trauma and stress-related disorders such as acute stress disorder (ASD), adjustment disorder (AjD), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). First, the prevalence of these disorders, their diagnostic criteria, and their differences from other trauma-related disorders are described. Special challenges in diagnosis and treatment are identified, with various screening tools being evaluated for symptom assessment. Additionally, the risk factors studied so far for the development of symptoms of cardiac-induced posttraumatic stress disorder and the bidirectional relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder and cardiovascular diseases are summarized. Various therapeutic interventions, including pharmacological approaches, are also discussed. Finally, various areas for future research are outlined.

Background
Experiencing a cardiovascular disease, particularly a life-threatening cardiac event, can potentially lead to stress-related disorders such as ASD, AjD, and cardiac disease-induced PTSD (CDI-PTSD). If left untreated, these disorders are associated with a worsening cardiac prognosis and higher mortality rates. Approaching treatment through a trauma-focused lens may be beneficial for managing CDI-PTSD and stress-related disorders.

Conclusion
Future research should explore treatment options for both the patients and the caregivers as well as investigate the long-term effects of trauma-focused interventions on physical and mental health outcomes.
Key performance indicators in pre-hospital response to disasters and mass casualty incidents: a scoping review
Authors: Markou-Pappas Nikolaos , Lamine Hamdi , Ragazzoni Luca , Caviglia Marta 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The objective of this study was to offer a comprehensive synthesis of the existing Key performance indicators (KPIs) used in the evaluation of the pre-Hospital response to disasters and mass casualty incidents (MCIs).

Methods
At the end of December 2022 a scoping review has been performed on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Medline to identify articles describing the use of KPIs to assess the performance of first responders during the prehospital phase of an MCI (real or simulated). Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, fourteen articles were included in the analysis.

Results
Eleven articles applied indicators in exercises and/or simulations. Two articles proposed new KPIs, and one used KPIs for developing a model for benchmarking pre-Hospital response. All articles analyzed quantitative indicators of time, whereas two studied indicators of structure, of process, and of outcome as well.

Conclusion
The findings from this review emphasize the need for employing common terminology and using uniformed data collection tools, if obtaining standardized evaluation method is the goal to be achieved.
Compatibility between resin tapping management of Pinus pinaster during the last three years and its uses as solid wood
Authors: González-Prieto Óscar , Alegre Rosa , Picos Juan , Martínez Chamorro Enrique 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnlike the conventional resin tapping processes throughout long periods of time or the complete life of the trees, in which the cellular and physical–mechanical characteristics of the whole wood could be modified, the resin tapping system, only in the last years before the ideal-timber cutting shift, shows no significant influence on some physical–mechanical timber properties. Samples of one-face and two-face resin-tapped trees were compared with samples of untapped tress. Using wood density as a reference property in solid wood and after checking the normality of the samples, no significant differences were observed. Therefore, according to the results of this work, the tapping process in the last three years combined with timber logging should not affect or limit its use as solid wood. For a better adjustment in the study, untapped wood and wood from resin tapping logs of the furthest (upper) and closest (lower) part from the tapping area were compared. The wood density mean values were, respectively for the upper and lower areas: 557 kg/m3 and 570 kg/m3 for one-face resin-tapped wood; 567 kg/m3 and 564 kg/m3 for two-face resin-tapped wood; and 556 kg/m3 and 560 kg/m3 for untapped wood. The tapping techniques used in the study are identified as common extract methods, and, according to the results, adequate added value with multifunctional forest use without a potential depreciation in the mechanical properties was found.
Virtual home staging and relighting from a single panorama under natural illumination
Authors: Ji Guanzhou , Sawyer Azadeh O. , Narasimhan Srinivasa G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractVirtual staging technique can digitally showcase a variety of real-world scenes. However, relighting indoor scenes from a single image is challenging due to unknown scene geometry, material properties, and outdoor spatially-varying lighting. In this study, we use the High Dynamic Range (HDR) technique to capture an indoor panorama and its paired outdoor hemispherical photograph, and we develop a novel inverse rendering approach for scene relighting and editing. Our method consists of four key components: (1) panoramic furniture detection and removal, (2) automatic floor layout design, (3) global rendering with scene geometry, new furniture objects, and the real-time outdoor photograph, and (4) virtual staging with new camera position, outdoor illumination, scene texture, and electrical light. The results demonstrate that a single indoor panorama can be used to generate high-quality virtual scenes under new environmental conditions. Additionally, we contribute a new calibrated HDR (Cali-HDR) dataset that consists of 137 paired indoor and outdoor photographs. The animation for virtual rendered scenes is availablehere.
CT radiomics combined with clinical and radiological factors predict hematoma expansion in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Yu Fei , Yang Mingguang , He Cheng , Yang Yanli , Peng Ying , Yang Hua , Lu Hong , Liu Heng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to establish a hematoma expansion (HE) prediction model for hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) patients by combining CT radiomics, clinical information, and conventional imaging signs.

Methods
A retrospective continuous collection of HICH patients from three medical centers was divided into a training set (n = 555), a validation set (n = 239), and a test set (n = 77). Extract radiomics features from baseline CT plain scan images and combine them with clinical information and conventional imaging signs to construct radiomics models, clinical imaging sign models, and hybrid models, respectively. The models will be evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC), clinical decision curve analysis (DCA), net reclassification index (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).

Results
In the training, validation, and testing sets, the radiomics model predicts an AUC of HE of 0.885, 0.827, and 0.894, respectively, while the clinical imaging sign model predicts an AUC of HE of 0.759, 0.725, and 0.765, respectively. Glasgow coma scale score at admission, first CT hematoma volume, irregular hematoma shape, and radiomics score were used to construct a hybrid model, with AUCs of 0.901, 0.838, and 0.917, respectively. The DCA shows that the hybrid model had the highest net profit rate. Compared with the radiomics model and the clinical imaging sign model, the hybrid model showed an increase in NRI and IDI.

Conclusion
The hybrid model based on CT radiomics combined with clinical and radiological factors can effectively individualize the evaluation of the risk of HE in patients with HICH.

Clinical relevance statement
CT radiomics combined with clinical information and conventional imaging signs can identify HICH patients with a high risk of HE and provide a basis for clinical-targeted treatment.

Key Points

HE is an important prognostic factor in patients with HICH.

The hybrid model predicted HE with training, validation, and test AUCs of 0.901, 0.838, and 0.917, respectively.

This model provides a tool for a personalized clinical assessment of early HE risk.
A visual marker for early atrophy of the supraspinatus muscle on conventional MRI: introduction of the blackbird sign
Authors: Feuerriegel Georg C. , Marcus Roy P. , Goller Sophia S. , Marth Adrian A. , Wieser Karl , Bouaicha Samy , Sutter Reto 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to introduce the blackbird sign as a fast, qualitative measure of early supraspinatus (SSP) muscle atrophy and to correlate the sign with quantitatively assessed muscle volume and intramuscular fat fraction (FF) in patients with full-thickness SSP tears.

Materials and methods
The blackbird sign describes the asymmetric pattern of early SSP atrophy: on sagittal MR images, the supero–posterior contour of the muscle becomes concave, resembling the shape of a blackbird. MRIs of patients with full-thickness SSP tears were retrospectively reviewed for the presence of the blackbird and tangent signs. Patients were then divided into group 1: negative tangent sign and negative blackbird sign (n = 67), group 2: negative tangent sign and positive blackbird sign (n = 31), and group 3: positive tangent sign (n = 32). A 2-point Dixon sequence was acquired in all patients from which quantitative FF and muscle volumes were calculated.

Results
In total 130 patients (mean age 67 ± 11 years) were included. Mean SSP volume was significantly smaller in group 3 (15.8 ± 8.1 cm3) compared to group 2 (23.9 ± 7.0 cm3, p = 0.01) and group 1 (29.7 ± 9.1 cm3, p < 0.01). Significantly lower muscle volumes were also found in group 2 compared to group 1 (p = 0.02), confirming that the blackbird sign is able to identify early SSP atrophy. Mean FF in the SSP was significantly higher in group 3 (18.5 ± 4.4%) compared to group 2 (10.9 ± 4.7%, p < 0.01) and group 1 (6.1 ± 2.6%, p < 0.01).

Conclusion
Visual assessment of early muscle atrophy of the SSP is feasible and reproducible using the blackbird sign, allowing the diagnosis of early SSP atrophy.

Clinical relevance statement
In routine clinical practice, the blackbird sign may be a useful tool for assessing early muscle degeneration before the risk of postoperative rotator cuff re-tears increases with progressive muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration.

Key Points

Quantitative measurements of rotator cuff injuries require time, limiting clinical practicality.

The proposed blackbird sign is able to identify early SSP atrophy.

Reader agreement for the blackbird sign was substantial, demonstrating reproducibility and ease of implementation in the clinical routine.
Reconstruction of mechanical leg axis using non-modular cemented hinged prosthesis in complex primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Jacob Benjamin , Jacob Nadja , Röhner Eric , Wassilew Georgi , Matziolis Georg , Heinecke Markus 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Modular cementless knee arthroplasty systems are capable of precise reconstruction of the mechanical axis. However, they are considered more susceptible to complications. In contrast, non-modular cemented systems are said to be more forgiving and show good long-term results. The aim of this study was to investigate the resulting leg axis after implantation of a non-modular cemented rotating hinged knee prosthesis. Furthermore, potential risk factors for the occurrence of malalignment and complications should be identified.

Methods
Between 2005 and 2015, 115 patients could be included in this monocentric retrospective cohort study. All patients underwent primary hinged non-modular cemented total knee arthroplasty. Preoperative and postoperative standardized long radiographs were analysed to determine resulting leg axis. Furthermore, epidemiological and intraoperative data as well as perioperative complications were surveyed.

Results
Average leg axis was 5.8° varus preoperatively and 0.6° valgus postoperatively. Considering an axis deviation of 3° as the target corridor, 27% of all cases examined were outside the desired range. 21% cases showed a femoral deviation from the target corridor and 15% showed a tibial deviation. There was a significant relationship between the preoperative mLDFA and the mechanical alignment of the femoral component (R = 0.396, p < 0.001) as well as between the preoperative mMPTA and the mechanical alignment of the tibial component (R = 0.187, p = 0.045). The mean operative duration was 96 min. No periprosthetic fractures were observed within the study cohort.

Conclusion
The main result of the present work is that a non-modular cemented rotating hinged knee arthroplasty system can reconstruct the mechanical leg axis precisely and comparable to modular cementless and unconstrained total knee prostheses. Component malalignment is primarily dependent upon extraarticular deformity preoperatively. Periprosthetic fracture rates and duration of surgery were lower compared with current literature.

Level of evidence
Level III: Retrospective cohort study.
The influence of the vaginal ecosystem on vaginitis, bacterial vaginosis, and sexually transmitted diseases: an epidemiological study and literature review
Authors: Occhipinti Sara , Incognito Giosuè Giordano , Palumbo Marco 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to demonstrate the correlation between altered balance of the vaginal ecosystem and increased risk of vaginitis, bacterial vaginosis, and sexually transmitted diseases and the association between specific alterations found in fresh bacterioscopic examinations (FBE) and the risk of certain infections.

Methods
A retrospective, monocentric study was conducted from January 2013 to December 2023. Patients who underwent FBE and vaginal swabs following reported symptoms or suspected syndromic pictures of vulvovaginal infections were included.

Results
Two thousand one hundred ten patients were included and divided into a control group (n = 811, 38.4%) and a pathological group (n = 1299 patients, 61.6%), based on the presence of alterations at the FBE. In the pathological group, 1185 women (91% of positive FBE) had vaginal infections detected through vaginal swabs. The presence of lactobacilli and typical inflammatory cells was detected in 111 (8%) women with pathological FBE and correlated with higher rates of positive swabs for common germs (n = 104, 94%), often leading to co-infections (n = 30, 29%). Conversely, Döderlein’s cytolysis (n = 56, 4.3% of positive FBE) indicated a predominance of positive human papillomavirus (HPV) swabs (n = 33, 59%). The presence of fungal elements (n = 208, 16% of positive FBE) suggested a higher prevalence of co-infections (n = 62, 30%). Similarly, mixed bacterial flora (n = 470, 36% of positive FBE) and Trichomonas vaginalis (n = 11, 0.8% of positive FBE) correlated with positive swabs for other pathogens, except for Mycoplasma (n = 0). Bacterial vaginosis (n = 443, 34% of positive FBE) was linked to co-infections (n = 142, 32%) and HPV (n = 123, 28%).

Conclusion
The importance of conducting FBE in patients with vulvovaginal symptoms is emphasized. This approach aids in determining the need for further diagnostic tests like vaginal swabs, guided by microscopic findings. A strong correlation emerges between the presence of specific alterations in the FBE and an increased prevalence of certain infections.