bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Results on Quantum Materials with an X-ray Free Electron Laser
Authors: Turner Joshua J. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTWe describe recent results in quantum materials through the use of a new tool: the x-ray free electron laser. We briefly describe the instrument and x-ray source capabilities and then discuss how this tool can bring new insights into materials with strong-electron correlations by ultrafast x-ray scattering from electronic structure.
Learning the naive Bayes classifier with optimization models
Authors: Taheri Sona , Mammadov Musa 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Naive Bayes is among the simplest probabilistic classifiers. It often performs surprisingly well in many real world applications, despite the strong assumption that all features are conditionally independent given the class. In the learning process of this classifier with the known structure, class probabilities and conditional probabilities are calculated using training data, and then values of these probabilities are used to classify new observations. In this paper, we introduce three novel optimization models for the naive Bayes classifier where both class probabilities and conditional probabilities are considered as variables. The values of these variables are found by solving the corresponding optimization problems. Numerical experiments are conducted on several real world binary classification data sets, where continuous features are discretized by applying three different methods. The performances of these models are compared with the naive Bayes classifier, tree augmented naive Bayes, the SVM, C4.5 and the nearest neighbor classifier. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed models can significantly improve the performance of the naive Bayes classifier, yet at the same time maintain its simple structure.
Evolutionary algorithms and fuzzy sets for discovering temporal rules
Authors: Matthews Stephen G. , Gongora Mario A. , Hopgood Adrian A. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
A novel method is presented for mining fuzzy association rules that have a temporal pattern. Our proposed method contributes towards discovering temporal patterns that could otherwise be lost from defining the membership functions before the mining process. The novelty of this research lies in exploring the composition of fuzzy and temporal association rules, and using a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm combined with iterative rule learning to mine many rules. Temporal patterns are augmented into a dataset to analyse the method’s ability in a controlled experiment. It is shown that the method is capable of discovering temporal patterns, and the effect of Boolean itemset support on the efficacy of discovering temporal fuzzy association rules is presented.
THE INFLUENCE OF SOUS-VIDE TREATMENT ON THE FORM OF MOISTURE IN LARGE-VEGETABLE MEAT SYSTEMS
Authors: Rodionova Natalia Sergeevna , Popov Evgeniy Sergeevich , Birca Adriana , Gaceо Liviu 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The current development of the catering industry is due to the improvement of the processes of heat cooking of raw materials. One such area is the use of low-temperature hydrothermal cooking food, pre-vacuum-packed in heat-resistant polymer film. In cooking, spread a combination of rice, chicken and vegetable ingredients: onions and carrots, which allows you to get a dish with high consumer properties. During the study, it was determined the amount of moisture needed to reach the desired consistency of the mixture components to increase the yield of finished products, while providing maximum storage periods. The results show that the addition of water in amounts exceeding 3.0% of the total weight of food leads to an increase in the mass fraction of free moisture
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF AUTOMATIC MILKING ON THE SELECTED PARAMETERS OF DAIRY COWS WELFARE
Authors: Šoch Miloslav , Fiala Otakar , Šťastná Jana , Brouček Jan , Tejml Petr , Smutný Luboš , Smutná Šárka , Čermák Bohuslav , Zábranský Luboš , Šimková Anna , Švejdová Kateřina , Raabová Marcela , Pálka Václav 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
the aim of study was to find out the influence of milking by automatic milking system (AMS) on the physiological needs of dairy cows within 30 minutes after milking. Ethological study covered the needs of feed intake, water intake and need of lying down. The need of feed intake in 30 minutes after milking was found at 75.51 % of dairy cows in the barn with AMS. The need of water intake was found at 41.79 % of dairy cows. The percentage of cows, which needed to lie down after milking, was 3.7 %.
THE INFLUENCE OF PARASITIC INFECTION ON THE BLOOD COUNT OF THE EXTENSIVELY REARED SHEEP
Authors: Šimák-Líbalová Kristýna , Šoch Miloslav , Šimková Anna , Švejdová Kateřina , Pálka Václav , Zábranský Luboš , Čermák Bohuslav 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The article view on the effect of the extensive breeding conditions on health state of sheep in foothill areas of the South Bohemian region. Very negatively affects the health of sheep presence of parasitic infection in the herd. Among the factors indicative of the normal process of physiological functions and thus the health of sheep include haematologic and biochemical parameters of blood. Samples of blood and excrements were collected and divided by breeds of sheep and sampling time. It was done Faeces examination of excrements and was determined number of erythrocytes and leukocytes, haematocrit, haemoglobin, content of zinc and copper in blood and differential leucocytes count. Haematological and biochemical parameters were observed for all samples in the physiological range, despite the simultaneous parasitic contagions of examined animals.
Polygonal Numbers
Authors: Grabowski Adam 
Published: January 2014

Summary
In the article the formal characterization of triangular numbers (famous from [15] and words “EYPHKA! num = Δ+Δ+Δ”) [17] is given. Our primary aim was to formalize one of the items (#42) from Wiedijk’s Top 100 Mathematical Theorems list [33], namely that the sequence of sums of reciprocals of triangular numbers converges to 2. This Mizar representation was written in 2007. As the Mizar language evolved and attributes with arguments were implemented, we decided to extend these lines and we characterized polygonal numbers. We formalized centered polygonal numbers, the connection between triangular and square numbers, and also some equalities involving Mersenne primes and perfect numbers. We gave also explicit formula to obtain from the polygonal number its ordinal index. Also selected congruences modulo 10 were enumerated. Our work basically covers the Wikipedia item for triangular numbers and the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences (http://oeis.org/A000217). An interesting related result [16] could be the proof of Lagrange’s four-square theorem or Fermat’s polygonal number theorem [32].
Morphmetric analysis of apis cerana populations in Huangshan, China
Authors: Yu Linsheng , Liu Fang , Huang Sisi , Bi Shoudong , Zong Chao , Wang Tianshu 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Honey bees (Apis cerana Fabricius) were collected from 195 colonies at seven different localities spanning the main beekeeping areas in Huangshan. Morphometric methods were used to measure seven standard morphometric characters, and these bees were compared to samples from the Henan, Shandong, and Yunnan provinces. Principal component analysis of the total Huangshan database yielded two clusters: bees from Jinxian and Jixixian, and those from other localities. Within the latter cluster, discriminant and hierarchical cluster analyses revealed overlapping regional sub-clusters: bees from Huangshanqu, Qimenxian, Huizhouqu, and Shexian, and those from Yixian. Significant differences between the means of the three clusters were demonstrated using Wilks’ lambda statistic. Morphocluster separation was related to altitude differences. Moreover, we noted some regions with high intercolonial variance, suggesting introgression among these defined honeybee populations.
FIRST NOTICE OF PHYTOPHTHORA CROWN AND ROOT ROT OF EUPHORBIA PULCHERRIMA IN POLISH GREENHOUSES
Authors: Orlikowski Leszek B. , Ptaszek Magdalena 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The plant pathogen, Phytophthora cryptogea, was recovered from 4/5 of the 75 poinsettias collected from two greenhouse farms. The poinsettias showed stunting and wilting as well as stem base and root rot symptoms. Representative isolates of the species from two poinsettia cultivars, colonized stem parts, leaf petioles, leaf blades and root parts. Stem parts of 6 cultivars were colonized at a slower rate than other poinsettia organs. Isolate from Euphorbia pulcherrima also colonized stem parts and leaf blades of E. amygdaloides, E. cyparissias, and E. polychroma. Isolates of P. cryptogea from the other 6 plant hosts, colonized the overground parts of poinsettia cv. Allegro. This is the first report describing symptoms and colonization of poinsettia cultivars by P. cryptogea in Poland.
PRACTICAL AND ECONOMIC EFFICACY OF AMBROSIA ARTEMISIIFOLIA L. SURVEILLANCE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
Authors: Podberezko Iryna M. , Pylypenko Liliya A. , Mar’uschkina Valentyna Ya. , Borzykh Oleksandr I. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Ambrosia artemisiifolia distribution in the Ukraine for the 1973-2013 period was analyzed. The infested areas were consequently grouped into 6 categories. Intense infestation in the region was the reason for the analysis and the categorization. A practical approach to the A. artemisiifolia surveillance system which complied with the International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures concerning “a pest free area”, “pest free places of production”, “pest free production sites” and “an area of low pest prevalence” was recommended. This action should drive the policy-making process to underpin national legislation regarding invasive species. The opportunity also presents itself for improved communications with growers and stakeholders because of the more transparent and cost effective system of A. artemisiifolia surveillance offered. There would be a chance to slow down the A. artemisiifolia invasion even though this invasive species has already occupied 3.6 million hectares.
ANALYSIS OF THE INTERACTION BETWEEN TOMATO TORRADO VIRUS PROTEINS USING THE YEAST TWO-HYBRID SYSTEM
Authors: Budziszewska Marta , Obrępalska-Stęplowska Aleksandra 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Ten years ago for the first time the new picorna-like virus species - Tomato torrado virus (ToTV) - was found and described on tomato plants. The isolates of this pathogen were reported in Europe, America, and Oceania including Australia. Because of its unique biological and molecular features, ToTV was classified to the new genus Torradovirus, in the Secoviridae family. In Poland, three isolates: Wal’03, Kra, and Ros ToTV were identified on greenhouse tomato cultivars. At present, the biology and the genome structure of this virus are characterised. But there is no data extending beyond the bioinformatics analyses about the function of viral proteins, polyproteins, and non-coding sequences, as well as possible interactions between viral, host and vector factors that may be important for the infection process, encapsidation, transport in plants, and transmission. In this study, we have undertaken a search for the possible protein-protein interaction of ToTV encoded proteins using the yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) system. The viral genome fragments covering full sequences for nine known proteins of ToTV were amplified using specific primers with characteristic recombination sites. This process enabled the construction of basic entry clones for each protein that further facilitated manipulations with prepared constructs using Gateway technology. Two-hybrid assays were performed in the yeast strain and tested interactions of ToTV proteins were analysed in several combinations using auxotrophy markers. Our analyses did not reveal the presence of interactions between ToTV domains. Surprisingly, no interactions were found in the case of various CP subunits as well as between CP subunits and 3A protein, that in some virus families are known to play a role in viral life cycle. This role includes virion assembly or cell-to-cell transport. The lack of interactions may be a result of the limitation of this experimental system, or suggest that these proteins may interact indirectly, or require the presence of genomic RNAs or some host factors.
MULTILINGUALISM AT THE COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS
Authors: Łachacz Olga , Mańko Rafał 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The paper analyses and evaluates the linguistic policy of the Court of Justice of the European Union against the background of other multilingual courts and in the light of theories of legal interpretation. Multilingualism has a direct impact upon legal interpretation at the Court, displacing traditional approaches (intentionalism, textualism) with a hermeneutic paradigm. It also creates challenges to the acceptance of the Court’s case-law in the Member States, which seem to have been adequately tackled by the Court’s idiosyncratic translation policy.
Analysis of radwaste management alternatives during dismantling of Ignalina NPP systems with low level contamination
Authors: Poskas G. , Poskas P. , Simonis A. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Ignalina NPP was operating two RBMK-1500 reactors which are under decommissioning now. In this paper, analysis on radwaste management alternatives during the dismantling of systems with low level contamination and different types of components in buildings 117/1 and V1 are presented. After situation analysis and collection of the primary information related to components' physical and radiological characteristics, location and other data, two alternatives for radwaste management during the dismantling were formulated and evaluated: the first one (A1) when the decontamination of the dismantled components is performed (if it is reasonable), and the second one (A2) when no decontamination of the dismantled components is performed and after the dismantling, the components are routed to appropriate waste storage or disposal sites. To select the preferable alternative, MCDA method – AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) is applied. Hierarchical lists of decision criteria, necessary for assessment of alternatives performance, are formulated. Quantitative decision criteria values for these alternatives are calculated using software DECRAD, which was developed by Lithuanian Energy Institute Nuclear Engineering Laboratory. Qualitative decision criteria are evaluated using expert judgment. Analysis results show that alternative A1 has a preference against alternative A2.
Determination of folates by HPLC‐chemiluminescence using a ruthenium(II)–cerium(IV) system, and its application to pharmaceutical preparations and supplements
Authors: Ikeda Rie , Ichiyama Kosuke , Tabuchi Naoto , Wada Mitsuhiro , Kuroda Naotaka , Nakashima Kenichiro 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTA chemiluminescence (CL) reaction of folic acid (FA) with ruthenium (II) and cerium (IV) was applied to quantify FA‐related compounds such as FA, dihydrofolic acid, tetrahydrofolic acid, 5‐methyltetrahydrofolic acid, 5‐formyltetrahydrofolic acid and methotrexate (MTX). Among the FAs, 5‐methyltetrahydrofolic acid provided the highest CL intensity. HPLC‐CL detection of FA was applied to quantify FA in pharmaceutical preparations and supplements. Analytical samples were separated on a semi‐micro ODS column with a mixture of 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 5.7) and acetonitrile (94 : 6, v/v %). The separated samples were mixed with a post‐column CL reagent consisting of 1.5 mM Ru(bipy)32+and 1.0 mM Ce(SO4)2, then the generated CL was monitored. The calibration range for FA was 10–100 μM and the limit of detection was 1.34 μM (signal‐to‐noise ratio of 3). Repeatabilities were 4.2, 4.6 and 5.0 RSD% (10, 25, 50 μM), and the recoveries for FA supplement, vitamin B complex supplement and FA‐containing medication (tablet) were 102.4 ± 10.5, 103.3 ± 13.3 and 100.3 ± 8.5%, respectively. The described method is robust against changes in the chromatographic parameters of ± 3.3 or ± 1.5%. The measured FA content corresponded well to the labeled content of FA‐containing products (100.6–104.9%), demonstrating the precision and accuracy of this method for the evaluation of FA pharmaceutical preparations. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effective endovascular treatment of calcified femoropopliteal disease with directional atherectomy and distal embolic protection: Final results of the DEFINITIVE Ca++ trial
Authors: Roberts David , Niazi Khusrow , Miller William , Krishnan Prakash , Gammon Roger , Schreiber Theodore , Shammas Nicolas W. , Clair Daniel ,   on behalf of the DEFINITIVE Ca Investigators
Published: January 2014

ObjectivesThe purpose of the DEFINITIVE Ca++ study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of directional atherectomy and distal embolic protection, used together to treat moderate to severely calcified femoropopliteal lesions.BackgroundDespite advances in endovascular treatment modalities, treatment of calcified lesions remains a challenge.MethodsA total of 133 subjects with 168 moderate to severely calcified lesions were enrolled. Lesions were treated with directional atherectomy devices, coupled with distal embolic protection.ResultsThe 30‐day freedom from MAE rate was 93.1%. Per angiographic core laboratory assessment, the primary effectiveness endpoint (≤50% residual diameter stenosis) was achieved in 92.0% (lower confidence bound of 87.6%) of lesions. By core lab analysis, these results did not achieve the success criteria (90%) for the primary effectiveness objective. Per site assessment, the objective was met with the endpoint being achieved in 97.0% (lower confidence bound 93.8%). A mean residual diameter stenosis of 33.3% was achieved with the directional atherectomy device. This was further decreased to 24.1% with the use of adjunctive therapy. The proportion of asymptomatic subjects [Rutherford Clinical Category (RCC) = 0] increased from 0% at baseline to 52.3% at the 30‐day follow‐up visit. In total, 88.5% of subjects experienced an improvement of one or more Rutherford categories.ConclusionsThe results of the DEFINITIVE Ca++ study demonstrate that the SilverHawk™ and TurboHawk™ atherectomy devices are safe and effective in the endovascular treatment of moderate to severely calcified lesions in the superficial femoral and/or popliteal arteries when used with the SpiderFX™ distal embolic protection device. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Integration of MDCT and fluoroscopy using C‐arm computed tomography to guide structural cardiac interventions in the cardiac catheterization laboratory
Authors: Krishnaswamy Amar , Tuzcu E. Murat , Kapadia Samir R. 
Published: January 2014

ObjectivesOur study was aimed at evaluation of three‐dimensional (3D)‐CT overlay onto the catheterization laboratory fluoroscopy to guide structural cardiac interventions. Background: Current imaging for structural cardiac interventions (fluoroscopy, echocardiography) may not provide adequate guidance. The ability to integrate intracardiac 3D‐CT imaging data in the cardiac catheterization laboratory may be beneficial, but has not yet been systematically studied.MethodsThirty‐two patients undergoing various catheterization laboratory procedures (transcatheter aortic valve replacement, paravalvular leak (PVL) closure, pulmonary vein (PV) stenting, etc.) were prospectively enrolled. The goal was to evaluate the feasibility and benefit of overlaying pre‐procedural CT data onto the real‐time procedural fluoroscopic image using the Syngo DynaCT Cardiac C‐arm CT system (Siemens Healthcare, Forcheim, Germany).ResultsThe overlay was considered most helpful for patients undergoing PVL closure and PV stenting. The additional radiation exposure of the C‐arm CT was a fraction of the total procedural dose (3.5% of total skin dose and 9.1% of total DAP).ConclusionsOverlay of 3D‐CT data onto the real‐time procedural fluoroscopy in the cardiac catheterization laboratory is feasible to aide procedural guidance. The overlay was considered most helpful for patients undergoing PVL closure and PV stenting. The additional radiation dose is a small fraction of the total dose. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Humidity Measurements in Organic Solvents Using Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Burrichter Bernd , Pasel Christoph , Luckas Michael , Bathen Dieter 
Published: January 2014

AbstractEine kontinuierliche Überwachung des Wassergehalts in einer Vielzahl polarer, organischer Lösungsmittel kann aktuell von keiner am Markt verfügbaren Messtechnik geleistet werden. Aus diesem Grund wird die Machbarkeit von Feuchtemessungen in verdampften Kohlenwasserstoffen mittels tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy erforscht, um Online‐Messungen im Spurenfeuchtebereich auch in Flüssigkeiten zu realisieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass reproduzierbare Messungen in unpolaren Lösungsmitteln durchgeführt werden können, wohingegen bei der Messung des Wassergehaltes in polaren Alkoholen erhebliche Probleme auftreten.
THE IMPACT OF IRRIGATION TECHNOLOGY ON THE FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF SMALLHOLDER IRRIGATION IN ZIMBABWE
Authors: Mupaso Norman , Manzungu Emmanuel , Mutambara Jackqueline , Hanyani‐Mlambo Benjamin 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTThe study assessed the impact of irrigation technology on the financial and economic performance of smallholder irrigation in Zimbabwe. The study was conducted in 2011 in the Hamamavhaire and Mhende irrigation schemes in Chirumanzu District (south‐central Zimbabwe). A questionnaire survey was administered to 79 respondents drawn from farmers using sprinkler (n = 32), flood (n = 39) and drip (n = 8) systems. Gross margin analysis, in conjunction with cost–benefit analysis, was used to evaluate the financial and economic performance of farmers. Farmers using the sprinkler system obtained the highest total gross margin per hectare (US$2762), followed by the flood system with returns that were 21% lower (US$2191), while the drip system recorded 50% lower returns (US$1387). Economic analysis indicated the superiority of the flood system (NPV = US$36 699; IRR = 42% and BCR = 4) compared to sprinkler irrigation (NPV = US$27 813; IRR = 38%; BCR = 2) and the drip system (NPV = US$25 393; IRR = 23%; BCR = 2). While the flood system was the most desirable from the financial and economic points of view, because of low operational costs, this could be offset by negative environmental impacts. The study concluded that the choice of one particular irrigation technology over another is a fine balance between efficiencies that can be achieved and the development and operational costs. Irrigation technology alone does not determine financial and economic viability. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.