bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Training kindergarten children on learning from their mistakes
Authors: Ger Ebru , Roebers Claudia M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study investigated whether feedback on their errors and speed improves kindergarten children's performance in an executive function (EF) task. Children from Switzerland (N = 213, 49% female, Mage = 6.4 years) were tested in the Hearts and Flowers task pre‐ and post‐training and trained either on a variant of this task with (n = 71) or without feedback (n = 72), or on a control learning task (n = 70). The feedback group performed more efficiently than the no‐feedback group during the intervention and partially also in the post‐test. Both EF training groups performed more efficiently than the control group in the post‐test. These results suggest that kindergarten children detect and monitor their errors and even get better at it given the opportunity to practice. Moreover, they benefit additionally from external feedback. Integrating feedback into computerized cognitive training (and learning apps) could be a potential avenue for interventions in school settings.
Body‐wide chimerism and mosaicism are predominant causes of naturally occurring ABO discrepancies
Authors: Dauber Eva‐Maria , Haas Oskar A. , Nebral Karin , Gassner Christoph , Haslinger Sabrina , Geyeregger René , Hustinx Hein , Lejon Crottet Sofia , Scharberg Erwin A. , Müller‐Steinhardt Michael , Schönbacher Marlies , Mayr Wolfgang R. , Körmöczi Günther F. 
Published: July 2024

SummaryRoutine ABO blood group typing of apparently healthy individuals sporadically uncovers unexplained mixed‐field reactions. Such blood group discrepancies can either result from a haematopoiesis‐confined or body‐wide dispersed chimerism or mosaicism. Taking the distinct clinical consequences of these four different possibilities into account, we explored the responsible cause in nine affected individuals. Genotype analyses revealed that more than three‐quarters were chimaeras (two same‐sex females, four same‐sex males, one sex‐mismatched male), while two were mosaics. Short tandem repeat analyses of buccal swab, hair root and nail DNA suggested a body‐wide involvement in all instances. Moreover, genome‐wide array analyses unveiled that in both mosaic cases the causative genetic defect was a unique copy‐neutral loss of heterozygosity encompassing the entire long arm of chromosome 9. The practical transfusion‐ or transplantation‐associated consequences of such incidental discoveries are well known and therefore easily manageable. Far less appreciated is the fact that such findings also call attention to potential problems that directly ensue from their specific genetic make‐up. In case of chimerism, these are the appearance of seemingly implausible family relationships and pitfalls in forensic testing. In case of mosaicism, they concern with the necessity to delineate innocuous pre‐existent or age‐related from disease‐predisposing and disease‐indicating cell clones.
Using applied social science disciplines to implement creative outdoor cat management solutions and avoid the trap of one‐size‐fits‐all policies
Authors: Leong Kirsten Mya , Gramza Ashley Rochelle , Duberstein Jennifer N. , Bryson Chelsey , Amlin Angela 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the United States, policy conflicts have prevented successful population‐level management of outdoor cats for decades. Wildlife conservation professionals have sought widespread use of humane dispatch (i.e., lethal culling applied humanely), whereas cat welfare professionals have promoted trap–neuter–return (TNR) (cats are trapped, neutered, and returned to the outdoors). These conflicts represent a policy panacea trap, which we argue drives many conservation conflicts. In these situations, the focus on defending a one‐size‐fits‐all policy fails to account for the value differences that shape the different understandings of the problem and desired outcomes associated with each policy, as well as complexities in the social–ecological system. Over the past 5 years, a group of wildlife conservation and cat welfare professionals codeveloped a set of products that have started to be used to help organizations break out of the policy panacea trap. We used a case study to illustrate how efforts grounded in applied social science disciplines, such as science communication, social–ecological systems, and conservation marketing, can help identify a more robust set of policy options tailored to local management and cultural contexts for successful implementation. Shifting the focus to embrace a shared understanding of the broader system helped us identify areas for collaboration, broaden the policy toolbox, and allow space for policy tools originally framed as opposing panaceas. This work helped prepare all parties to have difficult but productive discussions and address shared policy needs. We suggest that many value‐based conservation conflicts would benefit from similar efforts that use applied social science to transform how conflict is addressed, moving beyond policy panaceas that end in stalemate to develop shared understandings of context‐specific policies, and to identify opportunities for creative cooperation that yield real conservation progress.
Components of Residential Neighborhood Deprivation and Their Impact on the Likelihood of Live‐Donor and Preemptive Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Li Yiting , Menon Gayathri , Kim Byoungjun , Clark‐Cutaia Maya N. , Long Jane J. , Metoyer Garyn T. , Mohottige Dinushika , Strauss Alexandra T. , Ghildayal Nidhi , Quint Evelien E. , Wu Wenbo , Segev Dorry L. , McAdams‐DeMarco Mara A. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionAdults residing in deprived neighborhoods face various socioeconomic stressors, hindering their likelihood of receiving live‐donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) and preemptive kidney transplantation (KT). We quantified the association between residential neighborhood deprivation index (NDI) and the likelihood of LDKT/preemptive KT, testing for a differential impact by race and ethnicity.MethodsWe studied 403 937 adults (age ≥ 18) KT candidates (national transplant registry; 2006–2021). NDI and its 10 components were averaged at the ZIP‐code level. Cause‐specific hazards models were used to quantify the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of LDKT and preemptive KT across tertiles of NDI and its 10 components.ResultsCandidates residing in high‐deprivation neighborhoods were more likely to be female (40.1% vs. 36.2%) and Black (41.9% vs. 17.7%), and were less likely to receive both LDKT (aHR = 0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.64–0.67) and preemptive KT (aHR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.59–0.62) than those in low‐deprivation neighborhoods. These associations differedby race and ethnicity (Black: aHRLDKT = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.55–0.62; aHRpreemptive KT = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.63–0.73; Pinteractions: LDKT < 0.001; Preemptive KT = 0.002). All deprivation components were associated with the likelihood of both LDKT and preemptive KT (except median home value): for example, higher median household income (LDKT: aHR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.07–1.09; Preemptive KT: aHR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.08–1.11) and educational attainments (≥high school [LDKT: aHR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.15–1.18; Preemptive KT: aHR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.21–1.25]).ConclusionResidence in socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods is associated with a lower likelihood of LDKT and preemptive KT, differentially impacting minority candidates. Identifying and understanding which neighborhood‐level socioeconomic status contributes to these racial disparities can be instrumental in tailoring interventions to achieve health equity in LDKT and preemptive KT.
Temporal trends in Finnish agricultural soils: A comparative analysis of national and LUCAS soil monitoring datasets
Authors: Heikkinen Jaakko , Kostensalo Joel , Keskinen Riikka , Soinne Helena , Nuutinen Visa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFinnish agricultural soil conditions are regularly monitored both through national and European Union (EU)‐wide LUCAS Soil sampling. In this study, we compare temporal trends and variability in organic carbon content (OC), pH, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in 2009–2018 across the two datasets. The national monitoring programme encompasses more monitoring plots (620 vs. 134 in 2018), while LUCAS sampling is repeated more frequently and in addition to 2009 and 2018, it also includes data from 2015. The temporal variability in all examined indicators was substantially higher in the LUCAS dataset compared to the national monitoring data. In mineral soils, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between element contents measured in 2009 and 2018 ranged between 0.82 and 0.94 in the national dataset, and between 0.52 and 0.67 in the LUCAS dataset. The results for organic soils mirrored those of mineral soils. The higher variability in the LUCAS dataset may be attributed to less precise geolocation of sampling plots and/or variations in the sampling protocol such as greater sampling depth and the use of a spade instead of a core auger. The greater temporal variability, coupled with a smaller number of sampling plots in the LUCAS dataset, resulted in lower statistical power making the detection of trends with a realistic magnitude more challenging. Further, in LUCAS data, the confidence intervals of trends were of the same magnitude, regardless of whether the data from the year 2015 was included or not. The national dataset was found to be sufficient for detecting nationwide trends in element contents. Our results indicate that refining sampling protocols and improving the location accuracy of sampling plots are more cost‐effective approaches to enhance the precision of temporal trend estimation than increasing the number of sampling plots.
Adoption of satellite behavior by small male green treefrogs, Dryophytes cinereus, is not associated with age: Implications for the maintenance of alternative behavioral phenotypes
Authors: Leary Christopher J. , Crocker‐Buta Sarah P. , Kennedy Joseph G. C. , Bohenek Jason R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBody size is often a critical determinant of competitive ability and reproductive behavior. For example, small males characteristically lose contests with larger males and may be metabolically constrained from sustaining energetically demanding reproductive behaviors. Small males thus often utilize alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) to maximize their reproductive success. How variation in body size among behavioral phenotypes arises can provide important insight into the maintenance of ARTs. For instance, smaller body sizes for males adopting ARTs may simply be a function of age, suggesting that the tactic is maintained by the periodic recruitment of young males into the population. Alternatively, body size differences among behavioral phenotypes that are unrelated to age suggest disparate growth rates that potentially arise as a consequence of variation in environmental conditions during development or genotypic differences between the phenotypes. Here we examine these alternative scenarios in the green treefrog, Dryophytes cinereus, using skeletochronological analysis combined with body size measures. As with many other anuran amphibians, male green treefrogs conditionally adopt a noncalling satellite mating tactic and attempt to intercept females attracted to the vocalizations of calling “host” males. We show that males adopting satellite behavior in natural choruses are smaller than calling males but do not represent a class of younger individuals, indicating that satellite males have lower growth rates than calling males. We also show that satellite males are in poorer condition than larger calling males, implicating energetic constraints in size‐related variation in mating tactic expression. Our work suggests that environmental conditions during development, genetic differences between phenotypes, or both, give rise to size discrepancies in behavioral phenotypes, neither of which have been previously explored in anurans. We discuss body size and condition differences between behavioral phenotypes in the context of energetic constraints and endocrine mediation of tactic expression in this species.
Youth Perspectives on ‘Highly Personalised and Measurement‐Based Care’: Qualitative Co‐Design of Education Materials
Authors: McKenna Sarah , Hutcheon Alexis , Gorban Carla , Song Yun , Scott Elizabeth , Hickie Ian 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesDespite high levels of mental ill‐health amongst young people (aged 15–30), this group demonstrates low help‐seeking and high drop‐out from mental health services (MHS). Whilst shared decision‐making can assist people in receiving appropriate and effective health care, young people frequently report that they do not feel involved in treatment decisions. The current study focused on co‐design of a clinical education and participant information programme for the Brain and Mind Centre Youth Model of Care. This model, which articulates a youth‐focused form of highly personalised and measurement‐based care, is designed to promote shared decision‐making between young people and clinical service providers.MethodsWe conducted workshops with 24 young people (16–31; MAge = 21.5) who had accessed mental health services. Participants were asked what advice they would give to young people entering services, before giving advice on existing materials. Workshops were conducted and transcripts were coded using thematic analysis by two lived experience researchers and a clinical researcher.ResultsYoung people found it empowering to be educated on transdiagnostic models of mental illness, namely clinical staging, which gives them a better understanding of why certain treatments may be inappropriate and ineffective, and thus reduce self‐blame. Similarly, young people had limited knowledge of links between mental health and other life domains and found it helpful to be educated on multidisciplinary treatment options. Measurement‐based care was seen as an important method of improving shared decision‐making between young people and health professionals; however, to facilitate shared decision‐making, young people also wanted better information on their rights in care and more support to share their expertise in their own needs, values and treatment preferences.ConclusionsThese findings will inform the delivery of the further development and implementation of a youth‐specific clinical education and participant information programme for the BMC Youth Model.Patient or Public ContributionWorkshops were facilitated by researchers with lived expertise in mental ill‐health (A.H. and/or C.G.) and a clinical researcher (who has expertise as an academic and a clinical psychologist). A.H. and C.G. were also involved in conceptualisation, analysis, interpretation, review and editing of this paper.
Impact of thermal, high‐pressure and ultra‐shear pasteurisation technologies on beetroot juice metabolites using untargeted nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Guduru Sai Sasidhar , Balasubramaniam V.M. , Hatzakis Emmanuel 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThe impact of three food pasteurisation technologies, namely thermal, high‐pressure and ultra‐shear processing, on the metabolites of beetroot juice was evaluated using a processomics approach with nuclear mass resonance (NMR) as an analytical technique. Two batches of beetroots acquired from different local grocery stores were used for this study. Beetroot juice obtained from these batches was subjected to high‐pressure processing (HPP) at 600 MPa and 25 °C for 5 min, ultra‐shear technology processing (UST) at 400 MPa and 30 °C and thermal processing (TP) at 96 °C for 12 min. Principal component analysis (PCA) for the two batches indicated that both extrinsic factors such as processing parameters (temperature, pressure, shear and holding time) and intrinsic factors such as the origin of the beetroot influenced the PCA plot. When the influence of intrinsic parameters was minimised by studying a single batch processed by TP, HPP and UST, distinct clusters for different processing methods were formed, indicating that processing influenced the metabolites. While processing is not the main factor determining the final composition, as indicated by PCA with different batches, supervised techniques like orthogonal partial least‐squares discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA) and random forest (RF) demonstrated that processing does impact the beetroot juice metabolome. Seven metabolites (leucine, alanine, valine, glutamine, gamma‐aminobutyric acid, fructose and glucose) were identified as potential process‐induced biomarkers.
Unlocking the potential of plant‐based foods in sub‐Saharan Africa: a review of the opportunities and challenges
Authors: Ogutu Fredrick O. , Okiko Gertrude , Wanjala George , Luvitaa Susan , Obong'o Boniface O. , Vriesekoop Frank , Munialo Claire D. 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThe continued increase in the global population comes with an increase in the demand for nutritious food. In particular, there is a concurrent increase in the demand for protein‐rich foods as protein is needed for human growth and development. Animal proteins have in the past has been used both in food processing and in the diets due to the exceptional functional properties that range from gelation, emulsification to foaming and water‐holding capacity among others. However, the use of proteins from animal sources has come under heavy criticism due to the impact of animal husbandry on the climate that includes global warming due to increased greenhouse gas emissions. Some of the most affected countries when it comes to global warming are mainly in sub‐Saharan Africa where climate changes have resulted either in prolonged seasons of drought, or flooding and consequently agriculture is severely disrupted. In order to continue feeding the growing population, there has been the use and adoption of alternative proteins such as those of plant origin and the adoption of plant‐based foods in the human diet. These proteins are often viewed to be more sustainable compared to the animal counterparts. Therefore, this review looks at the landscape of plant‐based foods in sub‐Saharan Africa. Additionally, the review looks at the challenges and opportunities that face the plant‐based foods adoption in the sub‐Saharan market.
Consumers' sensory perception and emotional response towards animal and plant‐based soups (familiar food items) with the addition of shio‐koji (an unfamiliar ingredient)
Authors: Dolan Emily , Baxter Laura , Moss Rachael , McSweeney Matthew B. 
Published: July 2024

SummaryGlobally, consumers continue to seek out novel foods and ingredients from different cultures and regions. Shio‐koji is a fermented seasoning that is usually made by fermenting rice with koji (Aspergillus oryzae). It has been proposed that shio‐koji can be used as a flavour enhancer of foods. This study investigated consumers' (n = 96; generally unfamiliar with koji) liking (hedonic scales), emotional response (using the EsSense25 profile in check‐all‐that‐apply format), as well as their sensory perception (generalised Labelled Magnitude Scales and free comment) of shio‐koji additions to food items. Participants evaluated three different soups (chicken, vegetable and tomato), a familiar food product, with and without the addition of shio‐koji. The shio‐koji increased the consumers' liking of the vegetable soup and increased their perception of saltiness in the vegetable and tomato soups. The bitterness and sourness intensity of the chicken soup decreased with the addition of shio‐koji, while the sweetness increased. However, the umami taste of all soups was not impacted. The soups with shio‐koji were also associated with positive emotions. During the free comment task, shio‐koji led to an increased mention of meaty attributes to describe the vegetable soup, but the inverse occurred when the participants evaluated the chicken soup. The results indicate that shio‐koji impacted consumer perceptions of both animal‐ and plant‐based soups. Future studies should continue to investigate the use of shio‐koji to enhance the flavour of different food products.
Comparative analysis of sensory, textural, microstructural, amino acids and protein digestibility properties of animal and alternative meat products in the Asian market
Authors: Ng Grace Cui Fang , Choy Michelle Jie Ying , Tan Vicki Wei Kee , Theng Alicia Hui Peng , Ng Felicia Siew Kay , Ong Dayna Shu Min , Ong Kian Siang , Lim Pei Ying , Madathummal Mufeeda , Chong Pik Han , Chiang Jie Hong 
Published: July 2024

SummaryFor alternative meat products to gain more traction, it is crucial to determine the differences in sensory and nutritional properties between animal and alternative meat food products currently available in the market. The present work compared 27 food products from poultry, pork, and seafood (i.e. three main categories with nine sub‐groups consisting of one animal‐based and two alternative meat products). Results from both the sensory evaluation and instrumental texture analysis indicate that there were distinct differences between the animal meat and their alternative meat counterparts. The alternative meat products tested in this study were divided into five clusters using agglomerative hierarchical clustering, with various clusters associated with different sensory attributes. Differences in the denseness of structure, ingredient interactions, and moisture content contributed to the varied textural properties. The lysine and methionine content in at least one of the alternative meat products was lower than that of their animal meat counterpart for all meat and seafood categories, except for prawn. Alternative meat products containing higher levels of carbohydrates, fibres, and fats resulted in poorer protein digestibility. These findings provide information on the sensorial (both taste and texture) and nutritional gaps that need to be overcome when developing next‐generation alternative meat products.
Effect of cultures of synthetic starters on the flavour and ethyl carbamate content of rice wine
Authors: Tian Shufang , Li Yanbin , Du Guocheng , Liu Qingtao 
Published: July 2024

SummaryEthyl carbamate (EC) concentration is an important indicator of the safety of rice wine. In this study, the effects of replacing traditional starters with synthetic starters on the quality of rice wine were studied to provide a basis for the application of laboratory strains to explore the metabolic basis of EC formation in rice wine fermentation systems. The effects of synthetic starters on the physicochemical indices, free amino acids, flavour compounds, urea and EC of rice wine were studied. The results showed that the microorganism species and inoculation fermentation method strongly influenced the physicochemical and flavour properties of the rice wine, among which continuous co‐fermentation improved the mellowness and flavour of the rice wine. The concentrations of urea and EC in rice wine fermented with synthetic starters decreased significantly compared with those in the control group, in which the urea content decreased by up to 97.4% and the EC content decreased by up to 90.9%. In addition, the flavour compound data showed that the differences in the aromas of rice wine fermented with different starters were mainly due to the differences in the contents of alcohols and esters. These findings suggest that EC can be regulated by changes in starters and provide guidance for the optimal configuration of mixed fermentation systems.