bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Double CaromH Activation Associated with Etheral Oxygen Insertion to Phenazine Architecture in Oxidisable Ruthenium(III) Complexes: A Mechanistic Insight
Authors: Roy Suman K , Samanta Subhas , Chowdhury Nabanita Saha , Mondal Tapan K. , Goswami Sreebrata 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThree examples of unusual double aromatic CH bond activation associated with insertion of etheral oxygen atom to phenazine architecture in RuIII complexes are reported. The chemical transformations have led to the formation of new RuIV complexes with angular pentacyclo heterocyclic ligands. A mechanistic investigation indicates that the overall process is a combination of successive steps involving air (O2) and H2O.
A Direct, Modular, and Efficient Construction of the PCP Structural Motif through Coupling of Manganese Carbyne Complexes with Phosphines
Authors: Valyaev Dmitry A. , Bastin Stéphanie , Utegenov Kamil I. , Lugan Noël , Lavigne Guy , Ustynyuk Nikolai A. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractEasily available carbyne complexes of manganese were used as a source of carbyne fragments in an unconventional synthesis of backbone‐substituted diphosphinomethanes and cyclic P‐ylides upon coupling with secondary or tertiary phosphines, respectively, followed by demetalation under mild conditions.
A Silver Bite: Crystalline Heterometallic Architectures Based on Ag–π Interactions with a Bis‐Dipyrrin Zinc Helicate
Authors: Ruffin Hervé , Baudron Stéphane A. , Salazar‐Mendoza Domingo , Hosseini Mir Wais 
Published: January 2014

AbstractAn unprecedented mode of assembly of helical motives and AgI ions in the crystalline state is described. The combination of a ZnII helicate based on a 2,2′‐bisdpm bearing peripheral benzonitrile moieties with AgX salts, leads to the formation of a tetranuclear core containing Ag–π interactions. Depending on the coordinating ability of the X− anion and the solvents used, the tetranuclear complex self‐assembles into coordination polymers of varying dimensionality. From the sequence of coordination events (Ag–π or Ag–peripheral site), one may envisage two possible construction scenarios. However, the Ag–π as primary event seems reasonable owing to the rather weak binding propensity of the nitrile group and the chelating nature of the π‐clefts.
Nanoscale View of a Particle‐Wall Contact – Comparison between Simulation and Experiment
Authors: Haarmann Alexander , Mader‐Arndt Katja , Tomas Jürgen , Schmidt Eberhard 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBei der Simulation realer Phänomene, wie der Haftung eines Partikels auf einer glatten Wand in gasförmiger Umgebung, müssen vorhandene Unregelmäßigkeiten realer Körper beachtet werden. Gerade auf atomarer Skala haben Fehler im Atomgitter oder nanoskalige Oberflächenrauheiten signifikanten Einfluss auf die Haftkraft und davon abhängige Größen. Dies muss in der Simulation berücksichtigt werden um den realen Zustand ausreichend genau abzubilden. Die Ergebnisse aus Simulation und Experiment der Haftkraft beim Partikel/Wand‐Kontakt in gasförmiger Umgebung werden verglichen und das Haftmoment eines abgelagerten Partikels berechnet.
Clinical Features, Use of Evidence‐Based Therapies, and Cardiovascular Outcomes Among Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Following Non–ST‐Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Rhee June‐Wha , Wiviott Stephen D. , Scirica Benjamin M. , Gibson C. Michael , Murphy Sabina A. , Bonaca Marc P. , Morrow David A. , Mega Jessica L. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTBackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events following acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The underlying pathobiology and optimal treatments for this population continue to be evaluated.HypothesisPatients with CKD will receive fewer evidence‐based therapies and experience high rates of adverse cardiovascular events in both the short‐ and long term.MethodsThe MERLIN‐TIMI 36 (Metabolic Efficiency With Ranolazine for Less Ischemia in Non–ST‐Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes‐Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 36) trial randomized non–ST‐elevation ACS patients to ranolazine or placebo, with no exclusion for renal dysfunction (except dialysis). We conducted a prespecified analysis among 6543 patients based on the degree of CKD.ResultsPatients with worse renal function were older with more comorbidities (P < 0.0001 for each). They were less likely to receive evidence‐based cardiovascular medicines (P < 0.04 for each). Rates of an early invasive management strategy varied based on renal function; however, among patients with the highest TIMI risk scores, the rates of an early invasive management strategy were similar regardless of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (Pinteraction = 0.005). Lower GFR was associated with increased rates of cardiovascular disease or myocardial infarction in the short and long term, even after adjustment (GFR <30 vs ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2; hazard ratio [HR]: 3.24 [95% confidence interval {CI}: 1.26‐8.38] through 7 days and HR: 2.12 [95% CI: 1.33‐3.39] through 1 year). The effect of ranolazine vs placebo on clinical outcomes was similar among those with and without CKD (Pinteraction = not significant).ConclusionsFollowing ACS, patients with renal dysfunction had more cardiovascular risk factors but were less likely to receive evidence‐based medical therapies. A strong graded, independent relationship between the degree of CKD and poor clinical outcomes was observed over time. Continued efforts to optimize ACS treatment strategies in patients with CKD are warranted.
A randomized phase 2 trial of erlotinib versus pemetrexed as second‐line therapy in the treatment of patients with advanced EGFR wild‐type and EGFR FISH‐positive lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Ning , Ou Wei , Yang Hua , Liu Qian‐Wen , Zhang Song‐Liang , Wang Bao‐Xiao , Wang Si‐Yu 
Published: January 2014

BACKGROUNDThe current study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy and safety of erlotinib versus pemetrexed as second‐line therapy for patients with advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) wild‐type and EGFR fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)‐positive lung adenocarcinoma.METHODSIn this open‐label, randomized, phase 2 study, patients with EGFR wild‐type and EGFR FISH‐positive adenocarcinoma who had developed disease progression after 1 prior platinum‐based chemotherapy were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive erlotinib or pemetrexed until the time of disease progression or death, unacceptable toxicity, or a request for discontinuation by the patient. The primary endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS).RESULTSA total of 123 patients were enrolled (61 in the erlotinib arm and 62 in the pemetrexed arm). The median PFS was 4.1 months (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.6 months‐6.6 months) in the erlotinib group versus 3.9 months (95% CI, 2.7 months‐5.1 months) in the pemetrexed group. The difference in PFS between the 2 treatment groups was not significant (hazard ratio, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.62‐1.37 [P = .683]). The objective response rate appeared to be higher among patients receiving erlotinib compared with those receiving pemetrexed (19.7% vs 8.1%; P = .062). The 3 most commonly recorded adverse events were rash (54.1%), fatigue (19.7%), and diarrhea (16.4%) in the erlotinib group and fatigue (25.8%), nausea (24.2%), and anorexia (14.5%) in the pemetrexed group.CONCLUSIONSThere were no significant differences noted with regard to efficacy between erlotinib and pemetrexed in the second‐line setting for patients with advanced EGFR wild‐type and EGFR FISH‐positive lung adenocarcinoma. Both regimens appear to be effective treatment options for these patients. Cancer 2014;120:1379–1386. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Maximizing availability for task scheduling in computational grid using genetic algorithm
Authors: Prakash Shiv , Vidyarthi Deo Prakash 
Published: January 2014

SUMMARYComputational grid provides a wide distributed platform for high‐end compute intensive applications. Grid scheduling is often carried out to schedule the submitted jobs on the nodes of the grid so that some characteristic parameter is optimized. Availability of the computational nodes is one of the important characteristic parameters and measures the probability of the node availability for job execution. This paper addresses the availability of the grid computational nodes for the job execution and proposes a model to maximize it. As such, the task scheduling problem in grid is nondeterministic polynomial‐time hard, and often, metaheuristics techniques are applied to solve it. Genetic algorithm, a metaheuristic technique based on evolutionary computation, has been used to solve such complex optimization problem. This work proposes a technique for the grid scheduling problem using genetic algorithm with the objective to maximize availability. Simulation experiment, to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, is conducted, and results reveal the effectiveness of the model. A comparative study has also been performed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Formulation, antibacterial activity, and cytotoxicity of 1‐monoacylglycerol microemulsions
Authors: Petra Ševčíková , Věra Kašpárková , Iva Hauerlandová , Petr Humpolíček , Zdeňka Kuceková , Leona Buňková 
Published: January 2014

Antibacterial activity of stable 1‐monoacylglycerol (1‐MAG) microemulsions (MEs) of capric (C10:0), undecanoic (C11:0), lauric (C12:0), and myristic (C14:0) acids against the growth of gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria was tested and their inhibition effect was compared to that of neat 1‐MAG. To reveal their behavior with respect to eukaryotic cells, the cytotoxicity on mouse fibroblasts was also determined. The MEs were studied via pseudo‐ternary phase diagrams in order to find out the miscibility areas of all components used. The results indicated that at 1‐MAG concentrations of 1000–1900 mg/L, an inhibition of gram‐negative strains was improved compared to neat 1‐MAG and depended on the fatty acid type; however, at lower 1‐MAG concentrations, both systems showed comparable effect. The opposite trend was detected on gram‐positive bacteria, where 1‐MAGs showed better performance compared to corresponding MEs. The best antibacterial activity against both bacterial types was observed in 1‐MAG C12:0 MEs. MTT assay revealed significant cytotoxicity of all MEs. The threshold of 10 mg/L was determined as the limit for moderate toxicity, which represents 40–60% cell survival. All prepared MEs were transparent, stable during the storage period of 6 months and their particle sizes were between 15 and 20 nm.Practical applications: 1‐MAGs belong to safe and efficient antimicrobial agents and their application may be a convenient alternative to usage of synthetic antimicrobials; however, one of their limitations for certain applications is their insolubility in aqueous systems. This drawback can be reduced by encapsulation of 1‐MAGs in suitable ME system. The presented study has confirmed that 1‐MAG MEs possess suitable inhibitory activity against both gram‐negative and gram‐positive bacteria. Efficacy of MEs against gram‐negative strains was enhanced compared to 1‐MAG alone. Although the growth of gram‐positive bacteria was less affected by MEs when compared to neat 1‐MAG, the results can be closely related to potential industrial applications of the MEs as effective agents for cosmetics, dermatology, food industry, paint or coatings where water‐based systems are frequently used and desired. The application of studied systems might be to some extent limited due to the potential health risk caused by the observed cytotoxicity.
Arachidonic acid synthesis from biodiesel‐derived waste by Mortierella alpina
Authors: Dedyukhina Emiliya G. , Chistyakova Tatyana I. , Mironov Aleksei A. , Kamzolova Svetlana V. , Morgunov Igor G. , Vainshtein Mikhail B. 
Published: January 2014

The synthesis of arachidonic acid (15–20% of lipid) from biodiesel‐derived waste by Mortierella alpina strains was demonstrated. An inverse correlation between lipid and arachidonic acid production was revealed in media with different concentrations of carbon substrate. A method of increasing the arachidonic acid content of M. alpina lipid based on the additional incubation of harvested mycelium was developed. The effect of mycelium age, time of incubation, and temperature on the fatty acid composition of lipid was studied. Under optimal conditions (incubation of a harvested 7‐day mycelium at RT for 4–7 days), the arachidonic acid content of lipid in M. alpina strains NRRL‐A‐10995 and LPM‐301 grown on biodiesel‐derived waste and in the pure‐glycerol grown strain LPM‐301 increased by 162–199% of initial level (from 14.6 to 29.0%, from 19.8 to 36.5%, and from 35.0 to 56.8%, respectively).Practical applications: Arachidonic acid (AA) has found wide applications in medicine, pharmacology, diet, and infant nutrition as a precursor of several key eicosanoid hormones and pharmacologically active metabolites, as well as in agriculture as an elicitor of plant resistance to phytopathogens. Microbiological processes for AA production usually use carbohydrate substrates. Results of this study indicate that AA can be produced by Mortierella alpina strains from biodiesel‐derived waste, inexpensive and renewable carbon substrate.
Are integrative or distributive outcomes more satisfactory? The effects of interest‐based versus value‐based issues on negotiator satisfaction
Authors: Stöckli Peter Lucas , Tanner Carmen 
Published: January 2014

AbstractNegotiation research usually distinguishes between integrative and distributive outcomes. Integrative outcomes satisfy the negotiation parties' most important interests (by trading off less important for more important issues). In contrast, distributive outcomes require negotiators to give up their most important interests (as they make concessions on both less and more important issues). Integrative outcomes are more beneficial, but do they offer greater satisfaction? In this research, we hypothesized that satisfaction with integrative versus distributive outcomes depends on whether people negotiate interest‐based or value‐based issues. Three experiments consistently revealed that people in interest‐based negotiations were more satisfied with integrative outcomes, whereas those in value‐based negotiations tended to be more satisfied with distributive outcomes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electrochemical Attributes of Electrochemistry in Tandem with Electrospray Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Looi Donq Wen , Iftikhar Imran , Brajter‐Toth Anna 
Published: January 2014

AbstractElectrolytic efficiency of battery‐operated flow‐through thin‐layer electrochemical (EC; echem) cell used in EC/ESI‐MS was investigated. Two stainless steel capillaries joined by PTFE tubing formed the thin‐layer EC cell. Echem reaction efficiency of ferrocyanide, dopamine and hydroquinone oxidation in the EC cell was low and decreased with increasing MeOH volume fraction in the MeOH/H2O carrier solutions with low conductivity. Water oxidation dominated the cell current and migration of ferrocyanide was observed. Flow rate of 50–200 µL/h had a very small effect on EC cell current. Dopamine oxidation current in the EC cell and dopamine ion intensity in EC/ESI‐MS showed a direct correlation.
Fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas Rafinesque) exposure to three novel brominated flame retardants in outdoor mesocosms: bioaccumulation and biotransformation
Authors: de Jourdan Benjamin P. , Hanson Mark L. , Muir Derek C.G. , Solomon Keith R. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract

The phaseout of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) has prompted the search for appropriate substitutes. These substitutes, referred to as novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs), are poorly characterized in terms of their persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. The authors assessed the bioaccumulation potential of 3 non-PBDE brominated flame retardants: 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE), tetrabromobisphenol A bis(2,3-dibromopropylether) (TBBPA-BDBPE), and BZ-54, a mixture of bis(2-ethylhexyl)tetrabromophthalate) (BEH-TEBP) and 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (EH-TBB). Replicate outdoor aquatic mesocosms were treated individually at concentrations designed to give a maximum load of 500 ng/g of flame retardant in the upper 5 cm of the sediment. Caged fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas, 24 fish per replicate) were introduced to each mesocosm and acclimated for 10 d prior to exposure. The exposure period was 42 d, followed by 28 d of depuration after transfer to a control mesocosm, during which physical, reproductive, and biochemical end points were examined. Tissue samples were taken to measure the accumulation, depuration, and biotransformation of NBFRs. Fathead minnows were observed to accumulate, after growth adjustment, BTBPE (16–4203 ng/g lipid) and TBBPA-BDBPE (&gt;1000 ng/g lipid) but with a lack of consistent accumulation observed for EH-TBB and BEH-TEBP. However, limited biologically meaningful or consistent responses were observed in the monitored physical, reproductive, and biochemical parameters. Fathead minnows from each treatment exhibited several brominated transformation products. The authors conclude that these NBFRs have the potential to be bioaccumulative and persistent in vivo and, therefore, warrant further study of physiological effects linked to chronic, sublethal responses. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:1148–1155. © 2014 SETAC
Shape optimization approaches to free‐surface problems
Authors: Kasumba H. 
Published: January 2014

SUMMARYThree different reformulations of a free‐surface problem as shape optimization problems are considered. These give rise to three different cost functionals that apparently have not been exploited in literature. The shape derivatives of the cost functionals are explicitly determined. The gradient information is combined with the boundary variation method in a preconditioned steepest descent algorithm to solve the shape optimization problems. Numerical results that compare the performance of the proposed cost functionals are presented. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A radial basis function (RBF) finite difference method for the simulation of reaction–diffusion equations on stationary platelets within the augmented forcing method
Authors: Shankar Varun , Wright Grady B. , Fogelson Aaron L. , Kirby Robert M. 
Published: January 2014

SUMMARYWe present a computational method for solving the coupled problem of chemical transport in a fluid (blood) with binding/unbinding of the chemical to/from cellular (platelet) surfaces in contact with the fluid, and with transport of the chemical on the cellular surfaces. The overall framework is the augmented forcing point method (AFM) (L. Yao and A.L. Fogelson, Simulations of chemical transport and reaction in a suspension of cells I: An augmented forcing point method for the stationary case, IJNMF (2012) 69, 1736–52.) for solving fluid‐phase transport in a region outside of a collection of cells suspended in the fluid. We introduce a novel radial basis function–finite difference (RBF‐FD) method to solve reaction–diffusion equations on the surface of each of a collection of 2D stationary platelets suspended in blood. Parametric RBFs are used to represent the geometry of the platelets and give accurate geometric information needed for the RBF‐FD method. Symmetric Hermite‐RBF interpolants are used for enforcing the boundary conditions on the fluid‐phase chemical concentration, and their use removes a significant limitation of the original AFM. The efficacy of the new methods is shown through a series of numerical experiments; in particular, second‐order convergence for the coupled problem is demonstrated. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cyclostationary empirical orthogonal function sea‐level reconstruction
Authors: Hamlington B. D. , Leben R. R. , Strassburg M. W. , Kim K.‐Y. 
Published: January 2014

Since 1993, satellite altimetry has provided accurate measurements of sea surface height with near‐global coverage. These measurements led to the first definitive estimates of global mean sea‐level (GMSL) rise and have improved understanding of how sea levels are changing regionally at decadal time scales. These relatively short records, however, provide no information about the state of the ocean prior to 1993, and with the modern altimetry record spanning only 20 years, the lower frequency signals that are known to be present in the ocean are difficult or impossible to resolve. Tide gauges, on the other hand, have measured sea level over the last 200 years, with some records extending back to 1807. While providing longer records, the spatial resolution of tide gauge sampling is poor, making studies of the large‐scale patterns of ocean variability and estimates of GMSL difficult. Combining the satellite altimetry with the tide gauges using a technique known as sea‐level reconstruction results in a dataset with the record length of the tide gauges and the near‐global coverage of satellite altimetry. Cyclostationary empirical orthogonal functions (CSEOFs), derived from satellite altimetry, are combined with historical sea‐level measurements from tide gauges to create the Reconstructed Sea Level dataset spanning from 1950 to 2009. Previous sea‐level reconstructions have utilized empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) as basis functions, but by using CSEOFs and by addressing other aspects of the reconstruction procedure, an alternative sea‐level reconstruction can be computed. The resulting reconstructed sea‐level dataset has weekly temporal resolution and half‐degree spatial resolution.
Feasibility of Central Meditation and Imagery Therapy for dementia caregivers
Authors: Jain Felipe A. , Nazarian Nora , Lavretsky Helen 
Published: January 2014

ObjectivesFamily dementia caregivers are at high risk of depression and burnout. We assessed the feasibility of Central Meditation and Imagery Therapy for Caregivers (CMIT‐C), a novel 8‐week group meditation and guided imagery group therapy program, for dementia caregivers reporting stress because of caregiving responsibilities.MethodsTwelve family dementia caregivers enrolled in CMIT‐C. Primary outcomes included depression and anxiety, and secondary outcomes included insomnia, quality of life, and mindfulness. Changes over the study and 3 month follow‐up were analyzed with non‐parametric related samples tests. Correlations of feeling state changes from meditation diaries at 1 week were made with symptom changes post meditation training.ResultsTen participants completed the study. Completers came to an average of 7 ± 1 sessions out of a possible 8 sessions, and turned in home practice logs of 90 ± 10% of the time. Anxiety, depression, and insomnia symptoms decreased, and mindfulness ratings improved with large effects (all p < 0.05 and Cohen's d ≥ 0.7). Gains were stable at 3 months. Early response during the first week of meditation practice was associated with subsequent home meditation practice, anxiety change at 8 weeks, and endpoint satisfaction with CMIT‐C.ConclusionsCentral Meditation and Imagery Therapy for Caregivers is a feasible intervention for dementia caregivers. Results suggest that this therapeutic technique can reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, and insomnia, and increase levels of mindfulness. Early response to meditation practice predicted those with the greatest short‐term benefits, and this may inform future studies of meditation. Larger controlled efficacy studies of CMIT‐C for dementia caregivers are warranted. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Boric Acid as Highly Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Phenols from Arylboronic Acids
Authors: Gogoi Kongkona , Dewan Anindita , Gogoi Ankur , Borah Geetika , Bora Utpal 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTA simple, efficient, and environmentally benign boric acid catalyzed methodology for the ipso‐hydroxylation of arylboronic acid to phenol has been developed using aqueous hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent and ethanol as the solvent. The versatility of this protocol is that the reactions were performed at room temperature in short reaction time under metal‐, ligand‐, and base‐free conditions.