bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective study of anxiety, depression, and behavioral changes in the first year after a diagnosis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Myers Regina M. , Balsamo Lyn , Lu Xiaomin , Devidas Meenakshi , Hunger Stephen P. , Carroll William L. , Winick Naomi J. , Maloney Kelly W. , Kadan‐Lottick Nina S. 
Published: January 2014

BACKGROUNDThe authors prospectively assessed anxiety, depression, and behavior in children with standard‐risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (SR‐ALL) during the first year of therapy and identified associated risk factors.METHODSA cohort study was performed of 159 children (aged 2 years‐9.99 years) with SR‐ALL who were enrolled on Children's Oncology Group protocol AALL0331 at 31 sites. Parents completed the Behavior Assessment System for Children, the General Functioning Scale of the Family Assessment Device, and the Coping Health Inventory for Parents at approximately 1, 6, and 12 months after diagnosis.RESULTSOverall, mean scores for anxiety, depression, aggression, and hyperactivity were similar to population norms. However, more children scored in the at‐risk/clinical range for depression than the expected 15% at 1 month (21.7%; P = .022), 6 months (28.6%; P < .001), and 12 months (21.1%; P = .032). For anxiety, more children scored in the at‐risk/clinical range at 1 month (25.2% vs 15%; P = .001), but then reverted to expected levels. On adjusted analysis, unhealthy family functioning was found to be predictive of anxiety (odds ratio [OR], 2.24; P = .033) and depression (OR, 2.40; P = .008). Hispanic ethnicity was associated with anxiety (OR, 3.35; P = .009). Worse physical functioning (P = .049), unmarried parents (P = .017), and less reliance on social support (P = .004) were found to be associated with depression. Emotional distress at 1 month predicted anxiety (OR, 7.11; P = .002) and depression (OR, 3.31; P = .023) at 12 months.CONCLUSIONSAnxiety is a significant problem in a subpopulation of patients with SR‐ALL immediately after diagnosis, whereas depression remains a significant problem for at least 1 year. Children of Hispanic ethnicity or those with unhealthy family functioning may be particularly vulnerable. These data suggest that clinicians should screen for anxiety and depression throughout the first year of therapy. Cancer 2014;120:1417–1425. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Differing impact of a major biogeographic barrier on genetic structure in two large kangaroos from the monsoon tropics of Northern Australia
Authors: Eldridge Mark D. B. , Potter Sally , Johnson Christopher N. , Ritchie Euan G. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractTropical savannas cover 20–30% of the world's land surface and exhibit high levels of regional endemism, but the evolutionary histories of their biota remain poorly studied. The most extensive and unmodified tropical savannas occur in Northern Australia, and recent studies suggest this region supports high levels of previously undetected genetic diversity. To examine the importance of barriers to gene flow and the environmental history of Northern Australia in influencing patterns of diversity, we investigated the phylogeography of two closely related, large, vagile macropodid marsupials, the antilopine wallaroo (Macropus antilopinus; n = 78), and the common wallaroo (Macropus robustus; n = 21). Both species are widespread across the tropical savannas of Australia except across the Carpentarian Barrier (CB) where there is a break in the distribution of M. antilopinus. We determined sequence variation in the hypervariable Domain I of the mitochondrial DNA control region and genotyped individuals at 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci to assess the historical and contemporary influence of the CB on these species. Surprisingly, we detected only limited differentiation between the disjunct Northern Territory and Queensland M. antilopinus populations. In contrast, the continuously distributed M. robustus was highly divergent across the CB. Although unexpected, these contrasting responses appear related to minor differences in species biology. Our results suggest that vicariance may not explain well the phylogeographic patterns in Australia's dynamic monsoonal environments. This is because Quaternary environmental changes in this region have been complex, and diverse individual species’ biologies have resulted in less predictable and idiosyncratic responses.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Biological Study of PtII Complexes with 4‐Acyl‐5‐pyrazolones
Authors: De Pascali Sandra A. , Migoni Danilo , Monari Magda , Pettinari Claudio , Marchetti Fabio , Muscella Antonella , Fanizzi Francesco P. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe syntheses of new PtII complexes with 4‐acyl‐5‐pyrazolones [HQPh = 1‐phenyl‐3‐methyl‐4‐benzoylpyrazol‐5‐one, a; HQpy,CF3 = 1‐(2‐pyridyl)‐3‐methyl‐trifluoroacetylpyrazol‐5‐one, b] are reported: trans‐[PtCl2(DMSO)(HQPh)] (1a), cis‐[PtCl2(DMSO)(HQPh)] (2a), [PtCl(DMSO)(Qpy,CF3)] (1b), and [PtCl2(KQpy,CF3)] (2b). All complexes were characterized by multinuclear (1H, 13C, 19F, and 195Pt), multidimensional NMR spectroscopy and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses. The isomer trans‐[PtCl2(DMSO)(HQPh)] (1a) crystallizes in two polymorphic forms, which correspond to two different conformers. In the trans–syn conformer (1aM) (monoclinic, space group P21/c), the H atom of the enol group [O(1)H(1)] establishes an intramolecular hydrogen bond with the ketone oxygen (O2), whereas in the trans–anti conformer (1aO) (orthorhombic, space group Pca21), the same groups are involved in an analogous intermolecular H bond. Interestingly, the cis isomer (2a) showed in solution and at room temperature slow rotation around both the Pt–N1 and the Pt–S bonds, which restrained both the acylpyrazolone and DMSO ligand motion. Moreover, the water solubility of the complexes trans‐ and cis‐[PtCl2(DMSO)(HQPh)] (1a and 2a) and [PtCl2(KQpy,CF3)] (2b) allowed to perform in vitro biological assays on platinum‐sensitive human endometrium (HeLa) and platinum‐resistant human breast (MCF‐7) cancer cell lines. It was also possible to compare their cytotoxicity to cisplatin. Interestingly, trans isomer 1a showed higher cytotoxicity on HeLa cells compared to the cis isomer 2a.
Total Synthesis of the Proposed Structure of Heronamide C
Authors: Sakanishi Kohei , Itoh Shunya , Sugiyama Ryosuke , Nishimura Shinichi , Kakeya Hideaki , Iwabuchi Yoshiharu , Kanoh Naoki 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe total synthesis of the proposed structure of heronamide C was accomplished through a Sato–Micalizio reductive alkyne–alkyne coupling strategy and remote‐amine controlled stannylcupration. However, the physical data for the synthetic and natural samples differ from each other, which suggests that the proposed structure should be reinvestigated.
Short‐Step Anodic Access to Emissive RNA Homonucleosides
Authors: Okada Yohei , Shimada Kouhei , Kitano Yoshikazu , Chiba Kazuhiro 
Published: January 2014

AbstractEmissive RNA homonucleosides were added to the growing library of synthetic probes. The emissive nucleobases were constructed in one step from the methallyl C‐glycoside of D‐ribofuranose, which was prepared stereoselectively. The homonucleosides displayed various emission colors by using a single excitation wavelength that could be fine‐tuned merely by changing the carbonyl substituent on the methoxyphenol.
Convenient Synthesis of Arylboronates through a Synergistic Pd/Cu‐Catalyzed Miyaura Borylation Reaction under Atmospheric Conditions
Authors: Ratniyom Jadsada , Dechnarong Nattanee , Yotphan Sirilata , Kiatisevi Supavadee 
Published: January 2014

AbstractA highly efficient and practical borylation reaction of aryl iodides with bis(pinacolato)diboron has been established. By using Pd(OAc)2, CuI, and PPh3 as a ligand at room temperature under air in the presence of Cs2CO3, the protocol proved to be general. Various functionalized arylboronates were obtained in moderate to excellent yields. In addition, a possible reaction mechanism was proposed.
Cross‐Conjugation vs. Linear Conjugation in Donor–Bridge–Acceptor Nitrophenol Chromophores
Authors: Christensen Mikkel Andreas , Della Pia Eduardo Antonio , Houmøller Jørgen , Thomsen Sean , Wanko Marius , Bond Andrew D. , Rubio Angel , Brøndsted Nielsen Steen , Brøndsted Nielsen Mogens 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe influence of cross‐conjugation vs. linear conjugation on the electronic communication between donor and acceptor groups in phenol(ate)–bridge–nitrobenzene chromophores was investigated by solution and gas‐phase absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and quantum chemical calculations. The compounds studied include, among others, geminally and trans‐substituted diethynylethenes prepared by stepwise Sonogashira cross‐coupling reactions, and the cross‐conjugated analogue of stilbene. A butadiyne‐bridged donor–acceptor chromophore was prepared by an unsymmetrical Pd‐catalysed coupling between a chloroalkyne and a terminal alkyne. While the linearly conjugated chromophores showed a strong and redshifted charge‐transfer (CT) absorption maximum upon deprotonation in solution, a new redshifted absorption was either absent or present as a weak shoulder for the cross‐conjugated derivatives. Calculations on the nonplanar 1,1‐diaryl‐substituted ethylene derivative revealed that the S0–S1 absorption has a very low oscillator strength due to insignificant coupling between the donor and acceptor ends. The energy of this CT absorption for a nonsolvated molecule is smaller than that of the linearly conjugated stilbene analogue by 0.4 eV. This result cannot directly be inferred from the solution studies. A gas‐phase absorption spectrum of this chromophore was measured by action spectroscopy, which only revealed a higher‐energy absorption band. Based on calculations, this band was assigned to a higher‐lying π–π* transition. For the planar diethynylethene chromophores, cross‐conjugation leads to a decrease of 0.3 eV in the excitation energy, according to the calculations. Finally, in contrast to the linearly conjugated chromophores, the cross‐conjugated ones did not show any fluorescence, which may be due to deexcitation via the low‐lying CT “dark” state.
Progress in Asymmetric Organocatalytic Synthesis of β‐Lactams
Authors: Magriotis Plato A. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe success of the application of transition‐metal catalysts in asymmetric synthesis was recognized in the form of the 2001 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, but since then the field of asymmetric organic synthesis has been dominated by organocatalysts, due to their ability to catalyze a variety of fundamentally important transformations. One example is the Staudinger synthesis of β‐lactams, which continue to provide unique opportunities for the design and synthesis of new derivatives with unprecedented biological profiles. During the last two decades, medicinal chemists have convincingly demonstrated that structural modification of monocyclic β‐lactams (monobactams) is an effective procedure for the discovery of new pharmacological properties other than antibacterial activity. This microreview covers the progress in asymmetric organocatalytic synthesis of β‐lactams since 2001, including the initial work on processes based on chirally modified transition‐metal catalysts, because these have led the way to the more significant advances presented here.
Perfectionism and Eating Psychopathology Among Dancers: The Role of High Standards and Self‐criticism
Authors: Goodwin Huw , Arcelus Jon , Geach Nicole , Meyer Caroline 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis study examined the associations between conscientious perfectionism (high standards), self‐evaluative perfectionism (self‐criticism) and eating psychopathology among dancers. A sample of 244 female dancers, with a mean age of 20.11 years (standard deviation = 1.97) completed the Perfectionism Inventory and Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire. Self‐evaluative perfectionism predicted eating psychopathology (eating restraint, eating concern, weight concern and shape concern). This relationship was not moderated by conscientious perfectionism. The mediation analyses showed that although conscientious perfectionism predicted eating psychopathology, this relationship was fully mediated by self‐evaluative perfectionism. These findings demonstrate the greater influence of self‐evaluative perfectionism, rather than conscientious perfectionism, on eating psychopathology in dancers. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
A two‐step monolithic method for the efficient simulation of incompressible flows
Authors: Ryzhakov P. , Cotela J. , Rossi R. , Oñate E. 
Published: January 2014

SUMMARYWe propose a simple technique for improving computationally the efficiency of monolithic velocity–pressure solvers for incompressible flow problems. The idea consists in solving the discrete nonlinear system of governing equations in two steps: introducing ‘artificial’ compressibility first and afterwards correcting the solution by solving the original incompressible system. The speed‐up is obtained because of a better conditioning of the modified discrete system solved at the prediction step. The formulation can be easily implemented into existing monolithic codes requiring minor modification only. The paper concludes with two examples validating the formulation and facilitating the estimation of the obtained speed‐up. For the tests chosen, an average speed‐up is approximately double, suggesting that the method is a feasible approach for incompressible flows' simulation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Piceatannol exhibits selective toxicity to multiple myeloma cells and influences the Wnt/ beta‐catenin pathway
Authors: Schmeel Frederic Carsten , Schmeel Leonard Christopher , Kim Young , Schmidt‐Wolf Ingo G. H. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractAberrant activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling promotes development and progression of various malignant neoplasms. Recent studies observed that the Wnt pathway is constitutively active in myeloma cells and promotes an exaggerated proliferation. Thus, the Wnt signaling pathway might be an attractive therapeutic target for multiple myeloma. In this study, we identified piceatannol as an inhibitor of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway and as a potent inducer of apoptosis in myeloma cells. Interestingly, healthy cells remained mainly unaffected. These results reveal a significant selective induction of apoptosis by piceatannol and suggest a significant in vivo effect against multiple myeloma. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Deriving site-specific clean-up criteria to protect ecological receptors (plants and soil invertebrates) exposed to metal or metalloid soil contaminants via the direct contact exposure pathway
Authors: Checkai Ron , Van Genderen Eric , Sousa José Paulo , Stephenson Gladys , Smolders Erik 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Soil contaminant concentration limits for the protection of terrestrial plants and soil invertebrates are commonly based on thresholds derived using data from laboratory ecotoxicity tests. A comprehensive assessment has been made for the derivation of ecological soil screening levels (Eco-SSL) in the United States; however, these limits are conservative because of their focus on high bioavailability scenarios. Here, we explain and evaluate approaches to soil limit derivation taken by 4 jurisdictions, 2 of which allow for correction of data for factors affecting bioavailability among soils, and between spiked and field-contaminated soils (Registration Evaluation Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals [REACH] Regulation, European Union [EU], and the National Environment Protection Council [NEPC], Australia). Scientifically advanced features from these methods have been integrated into a newly developed method for deriving soil clean-up values (SCVs) within the context of site-specific baseline ecological risk assessment. Resulting site-specific SCVs that account for bioavailability may permit a greater residual concentration in soil when compared to generic screening limit concentrations (e.g., Eco-SSL), while still affording acceptable protection. Two choices for selecting the level of protection are compared (i.e., allowing higher effect levels per species, or allowing a higher percentile of species that are potentially unprotected). Implementation of this new method is presented for the jurisdiction of the United States, with a focus on metal and metalloid contaminants; however, the new method can be used in any jurisdiction. A case study for molybdate shows the large effect of bioavailability corrections and smaller effects of protection level choices when deriving SCVs. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2014;10:346–357. © 2014 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
Key Points
Scientifically advanced features have been integrated into a newly developed method for deriving soil clean-up values (SCVs) for metals and metalloids within the context of site-specific baseline ecological risk assessment. This new SCV method was developed specifically for protection of terrestrial plants and soil invertebrates, however it can include protection of soil microbial processes when appropriate microbial data are available for inclusion along with plant and invertebrate data.
Unraveling the Relationship Between Presidential Approval and the Economy: A Multidimensional Semiparametric Approach
Authors: Berlemann Michael , Enkelmann Sören , Kuhlenkasper Torben 
Published: January 2014

SummaryEmpirical studies analyzing the determinants of US presidential popularity have delivered quite inconclusive results concerning the role of economic variables by assuming linear relationships. We employ penalized spline smoothing in the context of semiparametric additive mixed models and allow for flexible functional forms and thus possible nonlinear effects for the economic determinants. By controlling for the well‐known politically motivated covariables, we find strong evidence for nonlinear and negative effects of unemployment, inflation and government consumption on presidential approval. Additionally, we present new results in favor of nonparametric trivariate interaction effects between the macroeconomic covariables. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Time‐lapse microscopy using smartphone with augmented reality markers
Authors: Baek Dongyoub , Cho Sungmin , Yun Kyungwon , Youn Keehong , Bang Hyunwoo 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTA prototype system that replaces the conventional time‐lapse imaging in microscopic inspection for use with smartphones is presented. Existing time‐lapse imaging requires a video data feed between a microscope and a computer that varies depending on the type of image grabber. Even with proper hardware setups, a series of tedious and repetitive tasks is still required to relocate to the region‐of‐interest (ROI) of the specimens. In order to simplify the system and improve the efficiency of time‐lapse imaging tasks, a smartphone‐based platform utilizing microscopic augmented reality (μ‐AR) markers is proposed. To evaluate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed system, a user test was designed and performed, measuring the elapse time for a trial of the task starting from the execution of the application software to the completion of restoring and imaging of an ROI saved in advance. The results of the user test showed that the average elapse time was 65.3 ± 15.2 s with 6.86 ± 3.61 μm of position error and 0.08 ± 0.40 degrees of angle error. This indicates that the time‐lapse imaging task was accomplished rapidly with a high level of accuracy. Thus, simplification of both the system and the task was achieved via our proposed system. Microsc. Res. Tech. 77:243–249, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ultrastructural and cytochemical aspects of the germarium and the vitellarium in Syndesmis patagonica (Platyhelminthes, Rhabdocoela, Umagillidae)
Authors: Falleni Alessandra , Lucchesi Paolo , Ghezzani Claudio , Brogger Martín I. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTThe cytoarchitecture of the female gonad of the endosymbiont umagillid Syndesmis patagonica has been investigated using electron microscopy and cytochemical techniques. The female gonad consists of paired germaria and vitellaria located behind the pharynx in the mid‐posterior region of the body. Both the germaria and the vitellaria are enveloped by an outer extracellular lamina and an inner sheath of accessory cells which contribute to the extracellular lamina. Oocyte maturation occurs completely during the prophase of the first meiotic division. Oocyte differentiation is characterized by the appearance of chromatoid bodies and the development of endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complexes. These organelles appear to be involved in the production of round granules, about 2–2.5 μm in diameter, with a homogeneous electron‐dense core surrounded by a granular component and a translucent halo delimited by a membrane. These egg granules migrate to the periphery of mature oocytes, are positive to the cytochemical test for polyphenol detection, are unaffected by protease and have been interpreted as eggshell granules. The mature oocytes also contain a small number of yolk granules, lipid droplets, and glycogen particles scattered throughout the ooplasm. The vitellaria are branched organs composed of vitelline follicles with vitellocytes at different stages of maturation. Developing vitellocytes contain well‐developed rough endoplasmic reticulum and small Golgi complexes involved in the production of eggshell and yolk globules. Eggshell globules are round, measure 4–5 μm in diameter, and have a mosaic‐like patterned content which contains polyphenols. The yolk globules, 2–3 μm in diameter, show a homogeneous protein content of medium electron density, devoid of polyphenols, and completely digested by protease. The mature vitellocytes also contain glycogen as further reserve material. The presence of polyphenolic eggshell granules in the oocytes and of polyphenolic eggshell globules with a mosaic‐like pattern in the vitellocytes have been considered apomorphic features of the Rhabdocoela + Prolecithophora. J. Morphol. 275:703–719, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Switched‐beam antenna array with broadside beam fed by modified butler matrix for radar receiver application
Authors: Kaminski Piotr , Wincza Krzysztof , Gruszczynski Slawomir 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTA novel approach to the design of switched‐beam antennas with broadside beam has been presented. The presented antenna utilizes a modified Butler matrix as a feeding network. The proposed feeding network consists of only two 3‐dB/0/180 directional couplers, a 3‐dB/90° directional coupler and a 180° phase shifter. Moreover, an innovative arrangement of the network has been proposed, which allows for avoiding any crossings in the network, and allows for achieving fully planar realization of a complete antenna. Measurement results of the designed three‐beam antenna are shown, and also the application of the presented concept in a simple Doppler radar receiver is proposed, in which fixed phase shifters are eliminated. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:732–735, 2014