bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers of delivering oral health care to older people experienced by dentists: a systematic literature review
Authors: Bots‐VantSpijker Pieternella C. , Vanobbergen Jacques N.O. , Schols Jos M.G.A. , Schaub Rob M.H. , Bots Casper P. , de Baat Cees 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo identify barriers of delivering oral health care to older people experienced by dentists.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was carried out for studies published in the period January 1990–December 2011, using free text and MESH term search strategies for PubMed (Medline), EMBASE and CINAHL.ResultsThe initial search identified 236 potentially relevant publications: PubMed (Medline; n = 127), EMBASE (n = 108) and CINAHL (n = 1). After screening of titles and abstracts, 14 publications were revealed as relevant for further review. Seven articles, focusing on dentists delivering oral health care to older people in care homes, were suitable for this review, and seven articles did not meet the previously determined quality criteria. One of these articles also focused on barriers experienced by dentists working in their own practice and delivering oral health care to community‐dwelling older people.ConclusionsThe most common barriers of delivering oral health care to older people were identified respectively as: the lack of adequate equipment in a care home and no area for treatment available (n = 4) and the lack of adequate reimbursement for working in a care home (n = 5). In addition, the inadequate training and experience in delivering oral health care to older care home residents (n = 2) were mentioned. Four publications indicated the loss of time from private practice as a barrier to deliver oral health care in a care home. We suggest that additional research should be initiated to investigate more in detail the barriers dentists experience in delivering oral health care to older people in their own dental practices.
“The Cake and Custard is Good!” A Qualitative Study of Teenage Childrens' Experience of being in Prison
Authors: Holligan Chris 
Published: October 2013

This qualitative study aims to uncover how young people, sentenced for violent offences, experience prison, something about which we know very little. It reports life history data from qualitative interviews with young male inmates aged 16–18 years convicted of violent assault. The findings indicate that the intrusive and inescapable challenges of incarceration are filtered through the boys' interpretations of previous critical incidents in their lives, in a way that can, it is argued, cause them additional harm. Respecting and attempting to understand the complex experiences of the participants, listening to the voices of these children, may help us to understand why a prison sentence seems to have limited impact on recidivism.
Alveolar Ridge and Maxillary Sinus Augmentation Using rhBMP‐2: A Systematic Review
Authors: de Freitas Rubens Moreno , Spin‐Neto Rubens , Junior Elcio Marcantonio , Pereira Luís Antônio Violin Dias , Wikesjö Ulf ME , Susin Cristiano 
Published: October 2013

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this systematic review was to evaluate clinical and safety data for recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (rhBMP‐2) in an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) carrier when used for alveolar ridge/maxillary sinus augmentation in humans.Materials and MethodsClinical studies/case series published 1980 through June 2012 using rhBMP‐2/ACS were searched. Studies meeting the following criteria were considered eligible for inclusion: >10 subjects at baseline and maxillary sinus or alveolar ridge augmentation not concomitant with implant placement.ResultsSeven of 69 publications were eligible for review. rhBMP‐2/ACS yielded clinically meaningful bone formation for maxillary sinus augmentation that would allow placement of regular dental implants without consistent differences between rhBMP‐2 concentrations. Nevertheless, the statistical analysis showed that sinus augmentation following autogenous bone graft was significantly greater (mean bone height: 1.6 mm, 95% CI: 0.5–2.7 mm) than for rhBMP‐2/ACS (rhBMP‐2 at 1.5 mg/mL). In extraction sockets, rhBMP‐2/ACS maintained alveolar ridge height while enhancing alveolar ridge width. Safety reports did not represent concerns for the proposed indications.ConclusionsrhBMP‐2/ACS appears a promising alternative to autogenous bone grafts for alveolar ridge/maxillary sinus augmentation; dose and carrier optimization may expand its efficacy, use, and clinical application.
Prognostic significance of extramural vascular invasion in T4 rectal cancer
Authors: Bhangu A. , Fitzgerald J. E. F. , Slesser A. , Northover J. M. , Faiz O. , Tekkis P. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAimExtramural vascular invasion (EMVI) has been proposed as an adverse prognostic indicator in colorectal cancer, although its use remains both variable and controversial. This study aimed to determine the survival effect of EMVI in T4 rectal cancer.MethodPatients undergoing surgery with curative intent for primary T4 rectal cancer between 1971 and 2011 were included from two prospectively collected rectal cancer databases. The main end‐point was 3‐year survival.ResultsFrom 1142 patients undergoing resection of rectal cancer during the study period, 126 (11.0%) had T4 rectal cancer and were included in the study group. Sphincter preservation was performed in 61 (48%) and a pathologically negative resection margin (R0) was achieved in 104 patients (82.5%). EMVI was present in 51 patients (40.5%) and was an independent predictor of positive lymph node status (adjusted odds ratio 2.66, P = 0.013). Considering all patients, EMVI was associated with reduced overall survival (P = 0.007) and disease‐free survival (P = 0.002), but not local recurrence‐free survival (P = 0.198). In only those undergoing R0 resection, EMVI predicted reduced disease‐free survival with positive nodal status (P = 0.021); it did not predict survival with negative nodal status.ConclusionOverall, EMVI was a strong prognostic marker of survival. However, after complete surgical resection in patients with node‐negative disease, EMVI did not predict local recurrence.
Correlation between myocardial fibrosis and restrictive cardiac physiology in patients undergoing retransplantation
Authors: Kobashigawa Jon A. , Itagaki Brandon K. , Razi Rabia R. , Patel Jignesh K. , Chai Wanxing , Kawano Matthew A. , Goldstein Zachary , Kittleson Michelle M. , Fishbein Michael C. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAfter cardiac transplant, there is often development of restrictive cardiac physiology. Little is known about the factors that contribute to this physiology and its correlation with pathology. Heart retransplantation provides a valuable opportunity to further understand this relationship. In this study, we investigated the correlation of myocardial fibrosis and restrictive physiology, and possible risk factors utilizing data from all retransplants at our center. A retrospective review of the 30 patients who underwent retransplantation at our institution between 1994 and 2004 was performed. Hemodynamic and imaging data were reviewed for the presence of restrictive physiology. Pathology reports were reviewed for the presence of myocardial fibrosis in the explanted hearts. The cohort with restrictive physiology preceding redo heart transplant had significantly more patients exhibiting myocardial fibrosis compared with the non‐restrictive physiology group (94.1% vs. 15.4%, p < 0.001). We found no difference in the immunosuppressive regimen, history of rejection, and reason for transplant. In our study, we observed that myocardial fibrosis is an important contributor to the development of restrictive physiology. Further work needs to be done for risk stratification and the mechanism of fibrosis development.
Parallel development of ERP and behavioural measurements of visual segmentation
Authors: van den Boomen Carlijn , Lamme Victor A.F. , Kemner Chantal 
Published: October 2013

AbstractVisual segmentation, a process in which elements are integrated into a form and segregated from the background, is known to differ from adults at infancy. The further developmental trajectory of this process, and of the underlying brain mechanisms, during childhood and adolescence is unknown. The aim of the study was to investigate the developmental trajectory of ERP reflections of visual segmentation, and to relate this to behavioural performance. One hundred and eleven typically developing children from 7 to 18 years of age were divided into six age groups. Each child performed two visual tasks. In a texture segmentation task, the difference in event‐related potential (ERP) response to homogeneous (no visual segmentation) and checkered stimuli (visual segmentation) was investigated. In addition, behavioural performance on integration of elements into contours was measured. Both behavioural and ERP measurements of visual segmentation differed from adults in 7–12 year‐old children. Behaviourally, young children were less able to integrate elements into a contour than older children. In addition, a developmental change was present in the ERP pattern evoked by homogeneous versus checkered stimuli. The largest differences in behaviour and ERPs were found between 7–8‐ and 9–10‐, and between 11–12‐ and 13–14‐year‐old children, indicating the strongest development between those age groups. Behavioural as well as ERP measurements at 13–14 years of age showed similar results to those of adults. These results reveal that visual segmentation continues to develop until early puberty. Only by 13–14 years of age, children do integrate and segregate visual information as adults do. These results can be interpreted in terms of functional connectivity within the visual cortex.
Positivity for islet cell autoantibodies in patients with monogenic diabetes is associated with later diabetes onset and higher HbA1c level
Authors: Urbanová J. , Rypáčková B. , Procházková Z. , Kučera P. , Černá M. , Anděl M. , Heneberg P. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAimsIslet cell autoantibodies are associated with autoimmune insulitis and belong to the diagnostic criteria of Type 1 diabetes mellitus. However, growing evidence suggests that autoantibodies are present in other types of diabetes. Here, we focus on the autoantibody incidence in Czech patients with maturity‐onset diabetes of the young and analyse their functional relevance in terms of diabetes onset and control.MethodsAutoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65 and protein tyrosine phosphatase islet antigen 2 (IA‐2) were measured in a cohort of 28 Czech patients with maturity‐onset diabetes of the young, all confirmed by genetic testing. Selected clinical data were correlated to the status and kinetics of autoantibodies.ResultsOne quarter of patients with maturity‐onset diabetes of the young examined (7/28; 25%) was positive for GAD or IA‐2 autoantibodies. GAD autoantibodies were more prevalent (7/7) than IA‐2 autoantibodies (1/7). The incidence of autoantibodies did not correlate with human leukocyte antigen status. The patients who were positive for the autoantibodies developed diabetes later than those who were autoantibody‐negative, but had worse glycaemic control (increased HbA1c). Expression of autoantibodies decreased with any improvement of diabetes compensation. Only one patient did not correspond to the above and displayed signs of combined signs of maturity‐onset diabetes of the young and Type 1 diabetes.ConclusionsThe data suggest transient but highly prevalent islet cell autoantibody expression in Czech patients with maturity‐onset diabetes of the young. The autoantibodies were found in patients with delayed diabetes onset, and in times of insufficient diabetes control. As improvement of glycaemic control was associated with a decrease in levels of autoantibodies, their presence may reflect the kinetics of β‐cell destruction induced by causes other than autoimmune ones.
Thyroid autoimmunity in Type 1 diabetes: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Shun C. B. , Donaghue K. C. , Phelan H. , Twigg S. M. , Craig M. E. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAimsTo review the incidence and evidence for screening for thyroid autoimmunity and thyroid dysfunction in Type 1 diabetes.MethodsSystematic review and meta‐analysis. Inclusion criteria were prospective cohort studies screening for thyroid autoimmunity and/or dysfunction (defined as an abnormal thyroid‐stimulating hormone level) in Type 1 diabetes. Exclusion criteria included pregnancy and thyroid dysfunction before diabetes onset. Outcomes examined were: incidence of thyroid autoimmunity and/or dysfunction; association between thyroid autoimmunity and dysfunction; and cost‐effectiveness. Data sources wereMEDLINE,EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, manual searching and contact with authors, with limitations to English language and human studies. Meta‐analysis was performed using random effects models.ResultsWe identified 14 eligible studies, involving 2972 young people and 789 adults with Type 1 diabetes. Follow‐up ranged from 1–18 years. None of the studies were of good methodological quality (Newcastle Ottowa Scale score > 7). The incidence of thyroid dysfunction (11 studies) ranged from 27 (95% CI15–45) to 246 (95% CI118–453) per 10 000 patient‐years and thyroid autoimmunity (four studies) from 13 (95% CI0.3–71) to 326 (95% CI194–510). The risk of thyroid dysfunction was higher in those with thyroid autoimmunity: summary risk ratio 25 (95% CI9–71) and was higher in children (49, 95% CI16–150) compared with adults (7, 95% CI3–13). No studies examined cost‐effectiveness of screening.ConclusionsThere is a markedly increased risk of thyroid dysfunction in people with Type 1 diabetes and thyroid autoimmunity. The optimal method or frequency of screening could not be determined from available data. Future studies should examine whether screening improves clinical outcomes in this population.
The Impact of Segmental Volumetric Changes on Functional Mitral Regurgitation: A Study Using Three‐Dimensional Regional Time‐Volume Analysis Combined with Low‐Dose Dobutamine
Authors: Chen Xiaofeng , Hsiung Ming‐Chon , Mu Yuming 
Published: October 2013

PurposeUsing transthoracic three‐dimensional (3D) echo regional volume analysis combined with low‐dose dobutamine to investigate the effects on regional volume, mitral configuration and functional mitral regurgitation (FMR).MethodsFifty‐six patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) were included in this study. The effective regurgitant orifice area (EROA) of FMR secondary to ICM with depressed left ventricular ejection fraction was compared with mitral tenting area and coaptation height (CH) before and after low‐dose dobutamine (10 μg/kg per min). Using 3‐DQ software we measured and calculated regional stroke‐volumes (rSV), the ratio of the rSV to the whole left ventricular stroke volume (rgSVratio) in all 17 segments and the average rgSVratio of 4 anterior‐PM attached segments (rgSVratio‐aver anter‐PM), 4 posterior‐PM attached segments (rgSVratio‐aver post‐PM), 8 PMs attached segments (rgSVratio‐aver PMs) and all 17 segments before and after dobutamine.ResultsCompared with the resting condition, the SVr and rgSVratio on the basal and mid segments of anterior, lateral, inferior, and posterior walls were increased after dobutamine infusion (P < 0.05). EROA at rest was associated with tenting area, CH and rgSVratio‐aver of PMs and the reduction in EROA caused by dobutamine was associated with reductions in tenting area, CH and increases in rgSVratio‐aver of PMs. Tenting area was associated with rgSVratio‐aver of PMs and reduction caused by dobutamine was associated with increases in rgSVratio‐aver of PMs.ConclusionsThe FMR decreasing during low‐dose dobutamine is quantitatively associated with the regional LV volume change of attached PMs. Real time transthoracic three‐dimensional echocardiography may provide a simple and noninvasive approach to assess regional LV time‐volume characteristic during FMR.
Right Ventricular Wall‐Motion Changes after Infant Open Heart Surgery—A Tissue Doppler Study
Authors: Pauliks Linda B. , Valdes‐Cruz Lilliam M. , Perryman Richard , Scholl Frank G. 
Published: October 2013

BackgroundRight ventricular (RV) dysfunction is a well‐recognized complication of cardiopulmonary bypass surgery (CPB) in adults. Infants and neonates may also be at high risk for this due to immature myocardium. Conventional assessment of RV function is just qualitative, but novel tissue Doppler echocardiographic (TDI) markers including peak systolic strain rate (SR) and isovolumic contraction acceleration (IVA) permit noninvasive quantitation of RV function. This study assessed myocardial velocities, IVA and SR in infants and neonates undergoing open heart surgery using TDI to study regional myocardial function perioperatively.MethodsTransthoracic TDI data were obtained in the OR before and 24 hours post‐CPB on 53 consecutive infants (age 0.39 ± 0.23 years). They were followed with TDI through hospital discharge.ResultsMean CPB time was 87 ± 49 min (cross‐clamp 52 ± 26 min). Peak systolic (STDI) and diastolic myocardial velocities (ETDI, ATDI), IVA, and peak SR were recorded in RV and LV from standard views for offline analysis. Postoperatively, LV systolic function and diastolic longitudinal function were unchanged or improved from baseline. LV radial velocities were increased postoperatively indicating adequate support. In contrast, RV longitudinal systolic and diastolic function was significantly diminished after CPB. RV changes persisted through hospital discharge.ConclusionsIn infants and neonates, perioperative measurements of systolic and diastolic tissue Doppler parameters are feasible and revealed significant RV systolic and diastolic dysfunction post‐CPB with preserved LV function. As such, TDI provides a sensitive tool to monitor the infant heart after CPB and may potentially be useful to assess different myocardial protection strategies.
Proposed score for survival of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Sperr Wolfgang R. , Kundi Michael , Wimazal Friedrich , Nösslinger Thomas , Schönmetzler‐Makrai Anabel , Stauder Reinhard , Krieger Otto , Neukirchen Judith , Germing Ulrich , Pfeilstöcker Michael , Valent Peter 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundPatient selection for various therapies in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is based on prognostic factors, scoring systems and the individual life expectancy. However, most established risk scores include mainly disease‐related parameters and thus focus on leukaemia‐transformation rather than survival.Patients and MethodsTo establish a risk score optimized for prediction of survival, we analysed international prognostic scoring system (IPSS)‐related and IPSS‐independent variables in 400 patients with primary MDS (median age: 71 years; range 18–91) of the Austrian MDS platform. Patients were randomly split into a learning sample (60%) and validation sample (40%). External validation was performed on 93 patients from the Heinrich Heine University (Duesseldorf/Germany).ResultsBy multivariate analysis, IPSS, ferritin, age and comorbidities were found to be independent predictive variables concerning survival. Based on weighing these prognostic parameters against each other, we established a novel survival score employing IPSS, ferritin (< 900 ng/mL = 0; ≥ 900 ng/mL = 1), age (< 70 years = 0; 70–79 years = 1; ≥ 80 years = 1·5) and HCT‐CI comorbidity (low/intermediate = 0; high = 0·5). Using this score, four prognostic risk groups could be discriminated in the validation sample, with highly significant differences in life expectancy [median survival: LowS (score 0), not reached; Int‐1S (score 0·5–1·0), 3·84 years; Int‐2S (score 1·5–2·0): 2·72 years; and HighS (score > 2·0): 0·80 years; P < 0·0001].ConclusionsOur newly proposed score may be a useful tool for survival prediction in MDS and helpful in patient selection for various therapies in daily practice and clinical trials.
Flexural impact force absorption of mouthguard materials using film sensor system
Authors: Reza Fazal , Churei Hiroshi , Takahashi Hidekazu , Iwasaki Naohiko , Ueno Toshiaki 
Published: October 2013

AbstractPurposeSeveral methods have been used to measure the impact force absorption capacities of mouthguard materials; however, the relationships among these measurement systems have not been clearly determined. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the impact force‐absorbing capability of materials using a drop‐ball system with film sensors and load cells to clarify the relationship between these two sensor systems.Materials and methodsDisk‐shaped specimens (1, 2, and 3 mm thick) were prepared using three commercial thermoplastic mouthguard materials (Bioplast, Impact Guard, MG 21) and one experimental mouthguard material [mixture of Poly (ethyl methacrylate)]. Impact force was applied by letting a stainless steel ball drop free‐fall onto the specimens and then measuring the impact load under each specimen using a film sensor system and a load cell sensor system.ResultsThe total load measured with the film sensor system decreased with an increase in mouthguard thickness, while almost none of the transmitted impact forces measured with the load cell system were statistically different.ConclusionsThe film sensor system was considered to be superior to the load cell system because the maximum stress and stress area could be determined.
The impact of age on the diagnosis and therapy of myelodysplastic syndromes: results from a retrospective multicenter analysis in Germany
Authors: Gattermann Norbert , Kündgen Andrea , Kellermann Lenka , Zeffel Matti , Paessens Bernadette , Germing Ulrich 
Published: October 2013

AbstractMyelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is a disease of predominantly elderly patients with a median age of >70 yrs. However, data on the management of these patients outside of clinical trials are scarce. To assess patterns of MDS management in routine patient care with regard to the impact of age, we conducted a multicenter, representative survey of MDS health services in Germany. Data of 269 patients treated at 57 institutions were collected from preplanned chart reviews and were analyzed retrospectively. At diagnosis, median age was 70 yrs, 50% of patients had a Karnofsky index (KI) of 90%, and 12% had a comorbidity index ≥ 3 according to Sorror et al. (J Clin Oncol, 25, 2007, 4246). Cytogenetic analysis and International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) risk assessment were performed significantly less frequently in patients >75 yrs than in patients ≤75 yrs (P < 0.001 and P = 0.019). In bivariate analysis, potential predictors for performing IPSS risk assessment were age ≤75 yrs (y/n, P = 0.019), diagnosis at a university hospital (y/n, P = 0.001), WHO subtypes RCUD (y/n, P = 0.028), RARS (y/n, P = 0.002), or RAEB II (y/n, P = 0.037). Patients ≤75 yrs were more likely to receive active therapies (i.e., chemotherapy, immunomodulatory therapy, or epigenetic therapy) than patients >75 yrs (51% vs. 37%, P = 0.007). In bivariate analysis age ≤75 yrs (y/n, P = 0.007) was a significant predictor for active treatment with no correlation with the other predictors [IPSS risk score int‐2 or high (y/n, P = 0.005), WHO subtypes RCUD (y/n, P < 0.001), RCMD (y/n, P = 0.003), RAEB II (y/n, P < 0.001), or CMML I (y/n, P = 0.020)]. This survey confirms the impact of age on the thoroughness of MDS diagnosis and the decision for active treatment. As cytogenetic analysis and risk assessment are essential for the choice of appropriate therapy, elderly patients in particular may not be receiving adequate treatment.