bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative CT Measurements and Computer-assisted Design in Auricular Reconstruction for Microtia
Authors: Qian Jin , He Bei , Lu Peng , Liu Tun 
Published: August 2024

Objective:
To evaluate the utility of 3-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) reconstruction in rib cartilages harvest and auricular reconstruction.

Methods:
This was a retrospective study of 105 patients with microtia who underwent auricular reconstruction in our department, including 53 controls. All patients underwent chest CT scans and 52 patients in the CT group underwent rib cartilage reconstruction simultaneously. All patients’ sex, age, height, and body weight were reviewed. Preoperative CT measurements included the length and width of the sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth rib cartilages. Operative measurements included the number, amount, length and width of the costal cartilages harvested, operation time, and the amount of bleeding.

Results:
There was no significant difference in the preoperative and operative measurements of the seventh rib. The mean age, height, and weight of the 3D CT group were significantly less than the control group. Compared with the control group, the costicartilage taken in the 3D CT group was significantly shorter in length, but there was no significant difference in the number of ribs taken. The operation time of the 3D CT group was less than the control group.

Conclusions:
Reconstructive 3D CT provides vivid and accurate data of costochondral volume, and is valuable for surgical timing and cartilage sculpting. With the aid of the 3D CT measurements, surgeons can make an individualized surgical planning. Unnecessary harvest of rib cartilage and surgical time are avoided by having a throughout plan before operation.
Efficacy and Safety of Minimally Invasive Neuroendoscopic Surgery in the Therapy of Supratentorial Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ren Wenbo , Wang Wei , Wang Liang , Liu Xiaozhi , Zhao Yujun 
Published: August 2024

Objective:
To systematically investigate the therapeutic effects of neuroendoscopic (NE) surgery in supratentorial hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH), including key indicators such as hematoma evacuation rate, complications, and neurological prognosis, thus comprehensively understanding the superiority of NE surgery in supratentorial HICH therapy, and to provide scientific basis and decision-making support for clinical practice.

Methods:
The PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Google, and CNKI databases were searched for relevant literature related to NE surgery for supratentorial HICH published before October 2023. Summary analyses of hematoma evacuation rate, mortality, clinical treatment, good functional outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale, Glasgow Coma Scale, and modified Rankin Scale), and postoperative complications in the NE group were performed, and Revman 5.3 was used to conduct the meta-analysis.

Results:
Fourteen trials with 1266 patients were enrolled in this meta-analysis, with an overall moderate risk of bias. Compared with craniotomy, NE-treated patients had a higher rate of cerebral hematoma evacuation, and their operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and hospital stay were markedly reduced. Moreover, NE surgery could better restore patients’ neurological function and autonomy, presenting a higher Glasgow Outcome Scale, Glasgow Coma Scale, and a lower modified Rankin Scale. Moreover, NE surgery effectively reduced the incidence of mortality and postoperative complications, especially rebleeding and lung infection.

Conclusion:
Neuroendoscopic surgery not only better removes intracranial hematomas and improves neurological function and autonomy in supratentorial HICH patients, but also effectively reduces mortality and postoperative complications.
Using a Zipper Device to Minimize Scarring After Excision of Facial Nevi in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Huang Chong , Liu Ou-Gen 
Published: August 2024

Background:
This study aims to investigate the safety and effectiveness of using a zipper device to minimize scarring after facial nevi excision in pediatric patients.

Methods:
A total of 48 patients were included, with 23 in the control group and 25 in the zipper group. The zipper device was used immediately to equalize skin tension after facial nevi excision. The primary outcome was the scar width measured at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. The Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) was used to assess patients’ scars at postoperative 12 months as a secondary outcome.

Results:
Two patients in the zipper group withdrew from the trial due to skin irritation. The symptom disappeared within a week after the zipper device was removed. The scar width in the zipper group was smaller than that in the control group at postoperative 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. In addition, the VSS scores for scarring also showed that patients in the zipper group had significantly better scar scores than those in the control group. At postoperative 6 months, scar morphology was essentially similar to that at post 12 months in both groups, and there was a significant positive correlation between scar morphology at the 2 time points,

Conclusion:
It is safe and effective to use this zipper device to minimize scarring after excision of facial nevi in pediatric patients, and we think it be a complementary therapeutic measure in pediatric patients after facial nevus excision.

Level of Evidence:
II.
Interruption reduction during oral medication rounds among nurses in hematology-oncology wards: a best practice implementation project
Authors: Siah Jia Wen , Cheng Crystal Kai Tian , Choy Chloe Leyi , Tho Poh Chi , Lang Siew Ping 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
The aim of the project was to reduce interruptions during oral medication rounds among nurses working in hematology-oncology wards by improving compliance with best practices by 20%.

Introduction:
Medication errors can adversely affect patient safety. Hence, understanding the underlying contributors to medication errors is necessary. Nurses are the ones who administer medications to patients; however, in clinical areas, interruptions are prevalent and could contribute to medication errors. It is therefore recommended that interventions be implemented to minimize interruptions.

Methods:
This project was conducted in two hematology-oncology wards from March 2022 to March 2023. Target participants were nurses who served medications in the morning. The project followed an evidence-based audit and feedback methodology using the seven-phase JBI Evidence Implementation Framework. JBI's Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System (PACES) was used to support the audit and feedback process. An interruption reduction bundle consisting of three best practices was implemented.

Results:
At baseline, only 24% of medications administered occurred without interruption. One month after implementation, there was a 51% improvement in compliance. Six months after implementation, compliance increased to 58%. Nine months post-implementation, the compliance rate remained at 59%. Absolute interruption counts decreased from 47 (baseline), to 27 (1 month post-implementation), to 24 (6 months post-implementation), to 16 (9 months post-implementation). All types of interruptions decreased when comparing the baseline with the latest post-implementation result.

Conclusions:
The project used evidence-based interventions in a bundle, effectively reducing interruptions during oral medication rounds, and sustaining positive results.

Spanish abstract:

http://links.lww.com/IJEBH/A256
An autosomal dominant cardiac arrhythmia syndrome, ST Depression Syndrome, is caused by thede novocreation of a cardiomyocyte enhancer
Authors: de Villiers Carin P. , Downes Damien J. , Goel Anuj , Pagnamenta Alistair T. , Ormondroyd Elizabeth , Sparrow Alexander J. , Nornes Svanhild , Giacopuzzi Edoardo , Rath Phalguni , Davies Ben , Schwessinger Ron , Gosden Matthew E. , Beagrie Robert A. , Parkes Duncan , Hastings Rob , Lise Stefano , Salatino Silvia , Roberts Hannah , Lopopolo Maria , Weldon Carika , Trebes Amy ,   The WGS500 consortium, Buck David , Taylor Jenny C. , Redwood Charles , Rowland Edward , Tharmaratnam Dushen , Stuart Graham , Lambiase Pier D. , De Val Sarah , Hughes Jim R. , Watkins Hugh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA substantial proportion of mutations underlying rare Mendelian diseases remain unknown, potentially because they lie in the non-coding genome. Here, we report the mapping of the causal mutation of an autosomal dominant cardiac arrhythmia syndrome, ST Depression Syndrome, which is associated with widespread ST-depression on the electrocardiogram together with risk of sudden death and heart failure, to the non-coding region of theKCNB1locus. Using genetic linkage analysis, we narrowed the associated region to 1cM of the genome and then with a genome editing approach, we show that the mutation, a small complex insertion-deletion, generates ade novogain-of-function enhancer that drives higher expression ofKCNB1in cardiomyocytes. This is the first report of a gain ofde novoenhancer function causing Mendelian disease. Critically, the tissue-specific gain-of-function regulatory change could be predicted using a deep neural network. Application of a similar framework will enable identification of causal non-coding mutations and affected genes in other rare diseases.
Prevalence of Body-focused repetitive behaviours among undergraduate medical students at public sector university karachi
Authors: Tunio Marium Munir , Eshika  , Devi Vandna , JaiRam  , Kirshna  , Sandesh  , Kumari Vandna , Jamshaid  
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundBody-focused repetitive behaviors (BFRBs) is a catch-all term for a group of obsessive behaviors, including skin picking (dermatillomania), hair pulling (trichotillomania), nail-biting (onychophagia), and nose picking (rhinotillexomania), which have a negative impact on both physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of BFRBs among medical students aged 18 to 25 attending Jinnah Sindh Medical University Karachi.MethodologyA cross-sectional study was conducted on 295 medical students of Jinnah Sindh Medical University Karachi. Data was collected through an online questionnaire which consisted of socio-demographic characteristics, engagement in BFRBs and distress due to it.ResultsMajority of participants (61.2%) were in their clinical years (3rd, 4th and 5th). Among those exhibiting BFRBs, 69.9% were female. Through this study we found that the most common BFRB among the medical students of Jinnah Sindh Medical University is Nail biting which is 22.8% followed by Skin picking disorder which is 19.1%,Hair pulling 17.1%,Cheek biting 13.8% followed by Nose picking 7.7%ConclusionIn our research, it has been noticed that participants were engaged in BFRBs. But it was not significantly common in adults. Majority of respondents reported never engaging in these behaviors (skin picking, hair pulling, nail-biting, nose picking and cheek biting). While a significant percentage of respondents engaged occasionally or frequently in these behaviors.
Single-cell RNA Sequencing of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Patients with Single Ventricle/Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Authors: Qu Hui-Qi , Ostberg Kayleigh , Slater Diana J , Wang Fengxiang , Snyder James , Hou Cuiping , Connolly John J , March Michael , Glessner Joseph T , Kao Charlly , Hakonarson Hakon 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundSingle ventricle and hypoplastic left heart syndrome (SV/HLHS) patients require lifelong medical monitoring and management to address potential complications and optimize their health. The consequence of SV/HLHS had detrimental effects on multiple organ systems, including on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and can weaken the immune system, exacerbating the risk of infection and various cardiovascular complications.MethodsUsing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we studied PBMCs from 33 pediatric patients (10 females and 23 males) with SV/HLHS. By a pair-wide study design, the SV/HLHS patients were compared to 33 controls without heart diseases.ResultsFour cell types account for the top 62% cumulative importance of disease effects on gene expression in different cell types, i.e., [T cells, CD4+, Th1/17], [T cells, CD4+, TFH], [NK cells], and [T cells, CD4+, Th2]. Significant sex differences were observed in [T cells, CD4+, TFH], with less prominent effects in female patients. A total of 6659 genes in different cell types were significantly differentially expressed (DE). Hierarchical clustering by WGCNA analysis of the DE genes revealed that DE genes in NK cells are most closely related to those in SV/HLHS. A total of 822 genes showed cell specific DE with opposite directions in different cell types, highlighting overrepresented MYC and IFN-γ activity in T cell and NK cell populations, as well as underrepresentation in monocytes and Treg cells.ConclusionThis study elucidates the complex transcriptome landscape in PBMCs in patients with SV/HLHS, emphasizing the differential impacts on various cell types. New insights are gained into the precise modulation of MYC and IFN-γ activity in SV/HLHS, which may help balance immune responses and reduce harmful inflammation, and promote effective tissue repair and infection control.
Detection of protein-protein interactions by bio-orthogonal fluorogenic proximity probes
Authors: Torell Andreas , Larsson N. Alfred , Phillipson Storm , Odell Luke R. , Fürth Daniel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDetecting protein-protein interactions within cells is challenging. Transgenic approaches risk altering protein function via fluorescent tagging, whilein situmethods lackin vivocompatibility. Here, we introduce fluorogenic probes with dual-tetrazine pegylated branched arms linked to xanthene dye. Activation requires both tetrazine arms to interact simultaneously with target proteins, enabling dual-substrate recognition. We applied our method to detect protein-protein interactions in both fixed and living cells, utilizing antibody conjugation for fixed cells and genetic code expansion for real-time detection in living cells. Our strategy ensures versatile applicability and seamless transition between fixed and living systems.
Re-programming of GM-CSF-dependent alveolar macrophages through GSK3 activity modulation
Authors: Ríos Israel , Herrero Cristina , Torres-Torresano Mónica , López-Navarro Baltasar , Schiaffino María Teresa , Díaz-Crespo Francisco , Nieto-Valle Alicia , Samaniego Rafael , Sierra-Palomares Yolanda , Oliver Eduardo , Revuelta-Salgado Fernando , García-Luján Ricardo , Sánchez-Mateos Paloma , Delgado Rafael , Puig-Kröger Amaya , Corbí Ángel L. 
Published: August 2024

SUMMARYMonocyte-derived macrophages recruited into inflamed tissues can acquire an array of functional states depending on the extracellular environment. Since the anti-inflammatory/pro-fibrotic macrophage profile is determined by MAFB, whose activity/protein levels are regulated by GSK3, we addressed the macrophage re-programming potential of GSK3 modulation. GM-CSF-dependent (GM-MØ) and M-CSF-dependent monocyte-derived macrophages (M-MØ) exhibited distinct levels of inactive GSK3, and inhibiting GSK3 in GM-MØ led to acquisition of transcriptional, phenotypic and functional properties characteristic of M-MØ (enhanced expression of IL-10 and monocyte-recruiting factors, and higher efferocytosis). These re-programming effects were also observed upon GSK3α/β knockdown, and through GSK3 inhibition inex vivoisolated human alveolar macrophages (AMØ). Notably, GSK3 downmodulation potentiated the transcriptional signature of Interstitial Macrophages (IMØ) while suppressed the AMØ-specific gene profile. Indeed, heightened levels of inactive GSK3 and MAFB-dependent proteins were observed in severe COVID-19 patients lung macrophages, highlighting the GSK3-MAFB axis as a therapeutic target for macrophage re-programming.
TRACKING CLONAL AND PLASMID TRANSMISSION IN COLISTIN AND CARBAPENEM RESISTANTKLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE
Authors: Akintayo Ifeoluwa , Siroglavic Marko , Frolova Daria , Silva Mabel Budia , Grundmann Hajo , Iqbal Zamin , Budimir Ana , Reuter Sandra 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe surveillance of mobile genetic elements facilitating the spread of antimicrobial resistance genes has been challenging. Here, we tracked both clonal and plasmid transmission in colistin- and carbapenem-resistantK. pneumoniaeusing short and long read sequencing technologies. We observed three clonal transmissions, all containing IncL plasmids andblaNDM−1, although not co-located on the same plasmid. One IncL-blaNDM−1plasmid had been transferred between ST392 and ST15, and the promiscuous IncL-blaOXA−48plasmid was likely shared between a singleton and a clonal transmission of ST392. Plasmids within clonal outbreaks and between clusters and STs had 0-2 SNP differences, showing high stability upon transfer to same or different STs. The simplest explanation of a single common IncL-blaNDM−1plasmid spreading was in fact false, and we foundblaNDM−1in the context of five different plasmids, emphasizing the need to investigate plasmid-mediated transmission for effective containment of outbreaks.IMPORTANCEAntimicrobial resistance occupies a central stage in global public health emergencies. Recently, efforts to track the genetic elements that facilitate the spread of resistance genes to determine so-called plasmid outbreaks have been described, however, such short read sequencing hinders full knowledge about plasmid structure and makes this approach very challenging to implement. In this study we used both short and long read sequencing in clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae from University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Croatia which were resistant to both last resort antibiotics colistin and carbapenem. Our results show complex transmission networks and sharing of plasmids, emphasizing multiple transmissions of plasmids harbouring carbapenem and/or colistin resistance genes between and within K. pneumoniae clones. Only full length sequencing plus a novel way of determining plasmid clusters resulted in the full picture, showing how future active monitoring of plasmids as a vital tool for infection prevention and control could be implemented.
Genomic sequence analysis of the first mpox virus detected in Kenya
Authors: Langat Solomon K. , Limbaso Konongoi , Khamadi Samoel , Nyunja Albert , Pilarowski Genay , Okunga Emmanuel , Ofula Victor , Oluniyi Paul , Koka Hellen , Koskei Edith , Owaka Samuel , Chelangat Betty , Mulwa Francis , Mutisya James , Chepkorir Edith , Lutomiah Joel , Langat Daniel , Amoth Patrick , Songok Elijah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMpox is a zoonotic disease caused by the Monkeypox virus (MPXV) in the family: Poxviridae, genus: Orthopoxvirus. Historically, the disease was restricted mostly to Africa with cases being reported in Central Africa (mostly caused by clade I) and in West Africa (caused by clade II). However, there has been a recent shift in the virus range with outbreaks being reported in Europe and America, and in countries where the virus was initially not endemic. This multi-country outbreak was driven mostly by clade IIb lineage of MPXV. Since December 2023, there has been an ongoing mpox outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), driven by a new clade I lineage of the virus, designated clade Ib. The DRC outbreak has persisted, with an increase in cases being reported over the past few months. Spillover of these outbreak-related cases to the neighbouring countries have also been reported in multiple countries including Uganda and Rwanda. Here, we report the rapid application of unbiased metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) to reconstruct the genome sequence of the first reported case of MPXV in Kenya. Our findings show that the Kenyan case clusters together with clade Ib MPXV strains, associated with the sustained outbreak in the DRC. Clade Ib lineage has been associated with continuing geographical expansion of the virus to previously unaffected areas, high incidence of the disease as well as high case fatality (CFR 4.9-6.7%). Similar to other clade Ib strains, the Kenyan strain carries predominant APOBEC3-type mutations which is characteristic feature of human-to-human transmission, highlighting the need for surveillance to curtail any potential expansion of this MPXV strain. The lack of information on genomes associated with cases reported in different East African countries, is a gap that urgently needs to be addressed to aid in the monitoring of this MPXV strain. This case investigation, therefore, underscores the need for sequencing efforts to be enhanced across the continent to help improve our understanding of the geographical range and diversity of the MPXV strains, especially those belonging to clade I which is currently under-represented.
Replicating the Association of Variants inBSNandAPBA1with Obesity in Diverse Populations
Authors: Robinson Jamie R. , Denny Joshua C. , Zeng Chenjie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn a recent study by Zhao et al., rare protein-truncating variants (PTVs) in the BSN and APBA1 genes showed effects on obesity that exceeded those of well-known genes such as MC4R in a UK cohort. In this study, we leveraged the All of Us Research Program, to investigate the association of predicted LoF (pLoF) PTVs in BSN and APBA1 with body mass index (BMI) across a population of diverse ancestry. Our analysis revealed that the impact of pLoF variants in BSN and APBA1 on BMI was notably greater in this cohort, especially among individuals of European ancestry. Additionally, a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) using the extensive phenotypic data available in the All of Us Research Program uncovered novel associations ofBSNandAPBA1heterozygous pLoF carriers with various phenotypes. Specifically, BSN pLoF variants were associated with pulmonary hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and anticoagulant use, while APBA1 pLoF variants were linked to disorders of the temporomandibular joint. These findings underscore the potential of large-scale biobanks in advancing genetic discovery.
Application of the J-CTO Score to Intraplaque Guidewire Tracking-Based Recanalization for In-Stent Chronic Total Occlusions
Authors: Chen Chieh-Yu , Huang Chi-Hung , Cheng Jen-Fang , Lee Chien-Lin , Chiang Jiun-Yang , Liu Shih-Chi , Chang Chi-Jen , Lin Chia-Pin , Tsai Cheng-Ting , Liou Jun-Ting , Tsai Chia-Ti , Wang Yi-Chih , Hwang Juey-Jen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe application of the J-CTO score for in-stent chronic total occlusion (CTO) recanalization remains unclear. We aimed to compare the role of J-CTO score in in-stent and de novo CTO interventions using intraplaque guidewire tracking techniques.MethodsThe application of the J-CTO score to assess procedural feasibility and guidewire crossing time for in-stent (N=74, 14.6%) and de novo CTO (N=434, 85.4%) interventions was evaluated in consecutive 508 patients (64.1±11.6 years, 446 men). Failed intraplaque tracking (N=3) or guidewires crossing (N=35) was considered procedural failures (38/508=7.5%).ResultsThe procedural success rate for de novo CTOs significantly declined when the J-CTO score was >2 (85 vs. ≤2: 97%, p<0.001), but was comparable for in-stent CTOs (>2: 96 vs. ≤2: 100%, p=0.400). Among 470 patients with successful recanalization, the guidewire crossing time ≥30 minutes was required less for in-stent than for de novo CTOs (OR=0.40, 95% CI=0.18-0.86) with J-CTO score ≥2 in multivariate analysis. For those with successful antegrade-only wiring, the guidewire crossing time shown by Kaplan–Meier curves was significantly related to the J-CTO score for either in-stent (N=72) or de novo (N=370) CTOs (both p<0.001 by log-rank test). However, only blunt stump (15.0±5.6 min) and occlusion ≥20mm (16.2±5.6 min) were independent time-determining factors of guidewire crossing (both p<0.01) for in-stent CTOs.ConclusionWith the intraplaque tracking strategy, the effects of the J-CTO score on procedural feasibility and guidewire crossing time differ for in-stent and de novo CTOs. Therefore, the J-CTO score should be cautiously interpreted during in-stent CTO interventions.