bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
C-reactive protein/albumin ratio of immune-inflammation index is associated with prognosis of colorectal cancer in older patients (≥ 65 years)
Authors: Yoshida Naohiro , Yonemori Haruki , Miyamoto Yoshiki , Nishihira Ai , Shigaki Takahiro , Fujiyoshi Kenji , Koushi Kenichi , Yoshida Takefumi , Isobe Taro , Mori Naoki , Sudo Tomoya , Sakai Hisamune , Hisaka Toru , Ishibashi Nobuya , Fujita Fumihiko 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
We investigated the characteristics of colorectal cancer (CRC) in older patients (≥ 65 years) and the immune-inflammation indexes that are useful for predicting postoperative prognosis.
Methods
This study included 153 patients aged ≥ 65 years with Stage I-Ⅲ colorectal cancer, who underwent radical surgery (R0 resection) in our hospital from 2016 to 2018. Four immune-inflammation indexes (C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)) were calculated. We analyzed the association between immune-inflammation indexes and clinicopathological features or prognosis.
Results
Lymph node metastasis and venous invasion were independent prognostic factors for recurrence-free survival (RFS) in multivariate analysis (p = 0.04, hazard ratio [HR] 2.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.028–4.999 and p = 0.03, HR 2.85, 95% CI 1.124–7.224, respectively). Lymph node metastasis and CAR were independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) in multivariate analysis (p = 0.04, HR 2.33, 95% CI 1.046–5.178 and p = 0.04, HR 2.45, 95% CI 1.054–5.672, respectively). Lymphatic invasion, venous invasion, and CAR were independent prognostic factors for cancer specific survival (CSS) in the multivariate analysis (p = 0.04, HR 3.04, 95% CI 1.028–8.988; p = 0.03, HR 10.46, 95% CI 1.339–81.72; and p = 0.02, HR 3.78, 95% CI 1.278–11.152, respectively).
Conclusion
CAR is a useful immune-inflammation index for predicting the prognosis after radical resection for CRC in older patients.
Enhancing Thymol and Carvacrol Biosynthesis in Thymus vulgaris L. using Laurencia caspica Seaweed Extract: Biostimulant Potential and Gene Expression Insights
Authors: Rasuli Nasim , Riahi Hossein , Shariatmadari Zeinab , Nohooji Majid Ghorbani , MehrabanJoubani Pooyan , Dehestani Ali 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the biostimulant potential ofLaurencia caspicaseaweed liquid extract (SLE) onThymus vulgarisL., focusing on its impact on various biological parameters and the biosynthesis pathway of thymol and carvacrol. Results demonstrate significant enhancements in vegetative and reproductive traits, including leaf area, root and shoot length, and biomass, with inoculated plants showing notable increases in fresh and dry weights compared to controls. Moreover, SLE application led to elevated levels of total phenolic and flavonoid content, as well as increased activity of key enzymes such as phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and cell wall peroxidase (POD), along with enhanced lignin accumulation in leaves. Gene expression analysis revealed upregulation ofDXRandTPS2genes, resulting in higher accumulation of thymol and carvacrol in plant tissues compared to controls. This pioneering study underscores the practical utility ofL. caspicaseaweed as a biostimulant in agriculture, offering insights for further advancements in harnessingLaurenciaspecies for sustainable agricultural practices.
Adverse event analysis and signal detection of calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibitors using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database
Authors: Lee Nai , Ok Jihoon , Lee Jonghyun , Rhee Su-Jin , Kim Yun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) inhibitors have been FDA-approved for migraine prophylaxis and relief. However, their safety profile remains uncertain. This study analyzes adverse events (AEs) and signals of disproportionate reporting (SDRs) using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).
Methods
We examined AEs reported to FAERS from the approval date to August 2023, standardizing data using preferred terms and system organ classes (SOCs). Disproportionality analyses, including reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR) and information component (IC), were used to quantify SDRs. Inclusion in FDA prescribing information was also checked.
Results
Potential safety signals for monoclonal antibodies, not listed in FDA prescribing information, included psychiatric disorders (e.g., depression - erenumab: ROR 1.97; 95% CI 1.78–2.17) and vascular disorders (e.g., hypertension - erenumab: ROR 1.44; 1.29–1.62). Epitinezumab was associated with throat irritation (ROR 36.94; 30.66–44.52). Commonly reported SOCs included general disorders and administration site conditions (27,578 events; 43.68%), injury, poisoning and procedural complications (26,201 events; 41.5%), and nervous system disorders (15,788 events; 25.01%).
Conclusion
This study highlights CGRP inhibitor-associated AEs, underscoring the need for clinical monitoring and risk identification. Early detection of AEs and SDRs can inform protective measures to enhance patient safety.
Longitudinal relationship between atherosclerosis and progression of periodontitis in community-dwelling people: Nagasaki Islands study
Authors: Tamaki Naofumi , Fukui Makoto , Kitamura Masayasu , Fukuda Hideki , Furugen Reiko , Yamanashi Hirotomo , Miyata Jun , Saito Toshiyuki , Maeda Takahiro 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Few epidemiological studies have explored the longitudinal relationship between atherosclerosis and periodontitis. This 3-year cohort study aimed to investigate the longitudinal relationship between atherosclerosis and the progression of periodontitis in community-dwelling individuals in Japan. Progression of periodontitis was defined as the presence of two or more teeth demonstrating a longitudinal loss of proximal attachment ≥ 3 mm during the study period, among the included participants. Oral examinations and subclinical atherosclerosis assessments were performed in Goto City, Japan. The surrogate markers of early-stage atherosclerosis used in this study were increased carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), low ankle-brachial index (ABI), and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). The study included 222 Japanese adults. While CAVI increased significantly in both groups, the prevalence of CAVI ≥ 8 was significantly increased in only the progression group during the study period. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the progression of periodontitis was significantly associated with cIMT. Additionally, CAVI positively correlated with changes in probing pocket depth, while ABI negatively correlated with changes in clinical attachment loss. These results suggest that subclinical markers of early-stage atherosclerosis are significantly associated with a greater risk of periodontitis progression in community-dwelling Japanese participants.
Refined Integration of Multilayer DEM-GTP-TEN for Three-Dimensional Quaternary Geological Modeling: A Case Study in Nantong City, China
Authors: Hou Manqing , Ye Yabin , He Liang , Han Baoji , Yang Liwen , Luo Amin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Refined three-dimensional (3D) Quaternary geological modeling can reveal the spatial and geological structures of strata from a 3D perspective, an essential subject in the current research in Quaternary geology and 3D GIS. The primary challenge in Quaternary geological modeling lies in the substantial discontinuity and heterogeneity of Quaternary strata, which have undergone multiple depositional events, resulting in complex and variable stratigraphic structures that are difficult to accurately model and analyze. Consequently, we have developed the MD-GTP-TEN hybrid modeling method, which integrates multi-layer DEM (MD), generalized prism (GTP), and tetrahedral mesh (TEN) elements to achieve refined 3-D modeling of the spatial structure and geological architecture of Quaternary strata. This study validated the accuracy of the model using geological parameters specific to Nantong City, a coastal region in eastern China. The research validation demonstrated an average error of 3.05m for strata burial depth and 2.42m for layer thickness, indicating that the model effectively reflects the spatial structure and geological architecture of Quaternary strata in the area. This confirms the reliability and accuracy of the model in a 3-D environment. Therefore, the MD-GTP-TEN hybrid modeling method can accurately simulate Quaternary strata, providing theoretical and technical support for the study of geological hazards such as landslides, debris flows, and ground subsidence.
A qualitative exploration of Chinese rural family doctors’ expectations regarding telehealth management for the elderly in Henan province
Authors: DU Cancan , Du Yuqing , Tian Yutong , Zhang Yan , Wang Zhixia , Wang Jiaqi , Wen Yajuan , Liu Kaili , Yan Yuping 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to understand rural family doctors’ expectations for elderly telehealth management, provide a reference for constructing a suitable remote health management model for the rural elderly in China, and improve the quality of rural elderly home care.
Methods
Objective sampling was used to conduct semi-structured interviews with 13 rural family doctors in Henan province, and the themes were summarized using Colaizzi analysis.
Results
Four themes and nine subthemes were extracted. Rural family doctors (a) had limited knowledge of telehealth management; (b) exhibited a strong willingness to apply remote health management; (c) had specific expectations for the content of remote care (daily life care guidance; remote chronic disease health management; remote home safety guidance; remote home exercise instruction; and remote psychological support); and (d) expected remote health management implementation support (setting up a multidisciplinary team and using the “village doctor” as a link for offline follow-up).
Conclusion
As some rural family doctors know little about telehealth management, the publicity of telehealth management should be strengthened. Furthermore, the content of remote health management for the rural elderly should reflect the characteristics of comprehensiveness and practicality, establish a multidisciplinary team as a guarantee, and adopt the mode of “online consultation plus offline follow-up” with rural family doctors as the intermediary, so as to ensure the quality of remote care and promote the improvement of the quality of life of the rural elderly as soon as possible.
Regional Disparities in Embracing Work-from-Home: A Focus on the EU
Authors: Woźniak-Jęchorek Beata , Kuźmar Sławomir 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of remote work in the labour market has sparked investigations into its effects on regional development. Critical factors such as job suitability for telecommuting, individual and household characteristics, and technological limitations are pivotal in implementing remote work arrangements. These opportunities are necessary for decreasing the digital divide in Europe, particularly from a regional standpoint. The main goal of this paper is to investigate the changes in the EU regional scale of Work-from-Home (WFH) in 2021–2022 with respect to the pre-existing inequalities in access to ICTs, differences in the economic structure, demographics, and education. More specifically, this explanatory study aims to indicate which factors influencing the adoption of WFH setups in the EU regions drove the deepening digital divide in 2021–2022. Our methodology entails a two-pronged approach, combining theoretical analysis with empirical investigation. Our findings indicate that regions with higher initial work-from-home (WFH) rates in 2021 experienced more pronounced declines in remote work throughout 2022. This inverse relationship suggests that regions heavily reliant on WFH in 2021 faced increased pressures or incentives to revert to in-person work arrangements as pandemic circumstances evolved or policies changed. Furthermore, the income level and employment share in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) emerged as the most significant and robust predictors of the increase in the scale of work from home in 2022.
JEL codes: D31, E24, O33
rPagSP02+rPagSP06 recombinant salivary antigen is a reliable biomarker for evaluating exposure to Phlebotomus argentipes in Sri Lanka
Authors: Piyasiri Sachee Bhanu , Senanayake Sanath , Samaranayake Nilakshi , Doh Serena , Iniguez Eva , Kamhawi Shaden , Karunaweera Nadira Darshani 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Phlebotomus argentipes is the established vector of leishmaniasis in the Indian sub-continent. Antibodies to sand fly salivary antigens are biomarkers for vector-host exposure in leishmaniasis-endemic regions. Ph. argentipes transmits Leishmania donovani in Sri Lanka, primarily causing cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Our study compared the performance of salivary gland homogenate (SGH) from a lab-reared local strain of Ph. argentipes females to a composite recombinant salivary biomarker (rPagSP02 + rPagSP06) in a CL-endemic population. Sera from 546 healthy individuals, 30 CL patients, and 15 non-endemic individuals were collected. Western blot analysis of Ph. argentipes SGH identified immunogenic bands between 15 kDa and 67 kDa, with bands of predicted molecular weight ∼of 15 kDa (SP02) and ∼28–30 kDa (SP06) as the major antibody targets. Indirect ELISAs using SGH or rPagSP02 + rPagSP06 antigens showed high sensitivity (96.7%) and specificity (100%), detecting comparable seropositivity in endemic populations. rPagSP02 + rPagSP06 exhibited enhanced discriminatory ability, supported by a strong positive correlation (r = 0.869) with SGH. Our findings indicate that the composite rPagSP02 + rPagSP06 salivary biomarker effectively identifies Ph. argentipes exposure in individuals living in Sri Lanka, showing promising potential for use in surveillance. These findings should be further validated to confirm the epidemiological applications in leishmaniasis-endemic regions.
Childbearing Attitude and Factors Affecting Permanence of Single Childbearing in women with only One Child of Reproductive Age Referred to Comprehensive Health Centers
Authors: Lotfizadeh Masoud , Fatahian Fatemeh 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: In recent years, the prevalence of single-child families has increased. Considering the social, psychological, and health implications associated with single childbearing, it is essential to explore why families have shifted from having multiple children to having only one child. This study aims to investigate childbearing attitudes and identify factors influencing the permanence of single childbearing among women with only one child of reproductive age.
Materials and Methods: This study used a descriptive-correlation type. A total of 368 individuals were included in this study using a multistage cluster classification sampling method. The questionnaire used included demographic characteristics, childbearing attitude and factors affecting permanence single childbearing that included 5 sections: employment, previous experiences of pregnancy and childbirth, religious beliefs about having children, the status of couples' relationships, and women's empowerment. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24 for descriptive statistics, linear regression, Pearson correlation coefficient, independent sample t-test, and ANOVA.
Results: Women’s employment status, previous experiences of fertility and childbirth, and religious beliefs about having children significantly influenced their childbearing attitude (p<0.05). Employment status had a stronger association with childbearing attitude. women's field of study, income, housing status and type of residence also had a significant relationship with childbearing attitude (p<0.05).
Discussion: Population policymakers and health planners should develop effective strategies to encourage informed decision-making regarding single-child families. Understanding the factors influencing childbearing attitudes can guide interventions aimed at promoting family well-being and reproductive health.
Lightweight mechanical equipment fault diagnosis framework based on GCGAN-MDSCNN-ICA Model
Authors: Liu Longyi , Zhao Yanqing , Hu Yi , Ma Yongze , Zhang Xiyang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In response to the challenges posed by imbalanced failure diagnosis samples, limited labeled data, and significant computational costs in actual industrial production settings, this paper introduces a high-precision, low-resource, end-to-end fault diagnosis framework. On one hand, we propose a data augmentation method based on GCGAN, which combines CNN and GRU to construct core network structures for the generator and discriminator. We integrate a novel Smoothed Hinge-Cross-Entropy loss function to facilitate the training process, effectively mitigating mode collapse and vanishing gradient issues. On the other hand, we design a lightweight fault diagnosis model based on MDSCNN-ICA-BiGRU. By substituting standard convolutions with depthwise separable convolutions on deeper channels, the model complexity is significantly reduced, facilitating effective extraction of multiscale spatial features. The improved Coordinate Attention (CA) mechanism filters out noise and enhances the extraction of high-frequency characteristics. Combined with BiGRU, the model captures global temporal associations, achieving a fusion of spatiotemporal features. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach performs well on both publicly available simulation datasets and private laboratory datasets. Compared to other benchmark methods, the GCGAN module significantly enhances data augmentation, improving classification accuracy on CNNs by 10%. When compared with classic convolutional networks such as DRSN and WDCNN, our MDSCNN-ICA-BiGRU shows faster and more stable convergence rates, with near-100% accuracy on test sets and an average computation cost reduction of approximately 70%. Even in noisy environments, our method maintains high accuracy with a slow rate of precision decay, indicating robustness and generalization capabilities.
Impact of contrast-enhanced CT in the dosimetry of SBRT for liver metastases treated with MR-Linac
Authors: Liu Min , Liu Mingzhe , Yang Feng , Liu Yanhua , Wang Shoulong , Chen Yazhen , Li Ji , Wang Xianliang , Orlandini Lucia Clara 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: To investigate the impact of using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CHCT) in the dosimetry of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for liver metastases treated with MR-Linac.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 21 liver cancer patients treated with SBRT (50Gy in 5 fractions) using a 1.5 Tesla Unity MR-Linac. The clinical treatment plans optimised on plain computed tomography (pCT) were used as reference. The electronic density (ED) of regions of interest (ROIs) including the liver, duodenum, esophagus, spinal cord, heart, ribs, and lungs, from pCT and CHCT, was analysed. The average ED of each ROI from CHCT was used to generate synthetic CT (sCT) images by assigning the average ED value from the CHCT to the pCT. Clinical plans were recalculated on sCT images. Dosimetric comparisons between the original treatment plan (TPpCT) and the sCT plan (TPsCT) were performed using dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters, and gamma analysis.
Results: Significant ED differences (p<0.05) were observed in the liver, great vessels, heart, lungs, and spinal cord between CHCT and pCT, with the lungs showing the largest differences (average deviation of 11.73% and 12.15 % for the left and right lung, respectively). The target volume covered by the prescribed dose (VDpre), and the dose received by 2% and 98% of the volume (D2%, and D98%,respectively) showed statistical differences (p < 0.05), while the gradient index (GI) and the conformity index (CI) did not. Average deviations in target volume dosimetric parameters were below 1.02%, with a maximum deviation of 5.57% for Dmin. For the organs at risk (OARs), significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed for D_0.35cc and D1.2cc of the spinal cord, D_10cc for the stomach, D0.5cc for the heart, and D30% for the liver-GTV, with mean deviations lower than 1.83% for all the above OARs. Gamma analysis using 2%-2mm criteria yielded a median value of 95.64 % (range 82.22% to 99.65%) for the target volume and 99.40 % (range 58% to 100%) for the OARs.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that using CHCT in the SBRT workflow for liver metastases may result in minor target volume overdosage. This potential discrepancy suggests that CHCT should not be adopted as a standard practice in clinical settings.
Oral Cancer-derived miR-762 Suppresses T Cell Infiltration and Activation by Horizontally Inhibition of CXCR3 Expression
Authors: Peng Hsuan-Yu , Chang Chia-Wei , Wu Ping-Hsiu , Li Li-Jie , Lin Yu-Lung , Lee Hsin-Lun , Hsiao Michael , Chang Jang-Yang , Chang Peter Mu-Hsin , Chang Wei-Min 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Oral cancer is an immune cold tumor characterized by an immunosuppressive microenvironment with low cytotoxic activity to eliminate tumor cells. Tumor escape is one of the initial steps in cancer development. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of cancer escape can help researchers develop new treatment strategies. In this study, we found that the oral oncogenic miR-762 can suppress T-cell recruitment and cytotoxic activation in the tumor microenvironment through horizontal transmission from oral cancer cells to adaptive immune T-cells. This horizontal transmission of miR-762 directly suppresses CXCR3 expression in T-cells, inhibiting CXCR3-induced T-cell migration and downstream T-cell cytotoxic activity by disrupting AKT activation. Additionally, miR-762 transmission suppressed T-cell activation marker expression, T-cell proliferation, IL-12 secretion, and T-cell cytotoxicity. In conclusion, our findings reveal a novel miR-762/CXCR3 axis that regulates the immunosuppressive microenvironment in oral cancer and may be a potential RNA-targeted therapeutic approach to restore the anti-tumor immune response in oral cancer immunotherapy.
The acute effects of exercise-induced energy restriction on physical activity energy expenditure in men and women with overweight and obesity
Authors: Arcon Matevz , Cameron Andrea 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Exercise-induced energy expenditure (ExEE) is commonly adopted as a mean to volitional body mass loss. ExEE can also modulate physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and potentially hinder rate of body mass loss. The detrimental effect of ExEE on PAEE may be more prevalent in women than in men.
Aims
This study was to investigate the sex differences in regulation of PAEE and body mass change following an acute exercise-induced perturbation in energy balance.
Methods
In this 3-week study, 4 men and 6 women with body mass index (BMI) of 28.8 ± 2.3 kg/m2 were required to exercise on a leg ergometer, expending 15% of their total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) in each exercise session of week two (Exercise week). Participants had to complete three exercise sessions within the same week and on non-consecutive days. PAEE was assessed via wrist-worn accelerometers over the entire study period. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) and body composition were measured at the beginning of the study.
Results
Men had significantly greater stature (p = 0.021), body mass (p = 0.035) and resting metabolic rate (RMR) (p = 0.01) than women. Whereas women body fat % was significantly greater than men (p = 0.004). At the end of the study, there was no significant difference body mass % change (p = 0.409) and ExEE (p = 0.91) between men and women. There was no significant main effect of time for PAEE (p = 0.613), or between sex (p = 0.470).
Conclusion
Three bouts of ExEE performed within the same week did not alter PAEE in men and women with overweight and obesity.