bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Full-Genome Sequence of Chicken Anemia Virus Strain GXC060821, Isolated from a Guangxi Sanhuang Chicken
Authors: Xie Zhixun , Deng Xianwen , Xie Liji , Liu Jiabo , Pang Yaoshan , Xie Zhiqin , Fan Qing , Luo Sisi 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
We report here the complete genomic sequence of a novel chicken anemia virus strain GXC060821, isolated from a Sanhuang chicken in Guangxi Province of southern China. The complete genome of GXC060821 was sequenced. The full-length of GXC060821 is 2,292 bp and contains three overlapping open reading frames (ORFs). A comparison of the complete sequences and the deduced amino acid sequences of GXC060821 with 31 other published chicken anemia virus sequences showed that the homologies of the nucleotides are 96.1% to 98.5% and the homologies of the deduced amino acid sequences are 89.8% to 94.2%. Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that GXC060821 is closely related to the two Chinese strains, TJBD40 (accession no. AY843527) and LF4 (accession no. AY839944), and it has a distant relationship with the American isolate 98D06073 (accession no. AF311900). This report will help to understand the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of chicken anemia virus in a Guangxi Sanhuang chicken.
Draft Genome Sequence of Clostridium straminisolvens Strain JCM 21531
T
, Isolated from a Cellulose-Degrading Bacterial Community
Authors: Yuki Masahiro , Oshima Kenshiro , Suda Wataru , Sakamoto Mitsuo , Kitamura Keiko , Iida Toshiya , Hattori Masahira , Ohkuma Moriya 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of a fibrolytic bacterium,
Clostridium straminisolvens
JCM 21531
T
, isolated from a cellulose-degrading bacterial community. The genome information of this strain will be useful for studies on the degradation enzymes and functional interactions with other members in the community.
Health, drugs and service use among deprived single men: comparing (subgroups) of single male welfare recipients against employed single men in Amsterdam
Authors: Kamann Tjerk C , de Wit Matty A S , Cremer Stephan , Beekman Aartjan T F 
Published: February 2014

ObjectivesTo aid public health policy in preventing severe social exclusion (like homelessness) and promoting social inclusion (like labour market participation), we aimed to quantify (unmet) health needs of an expectedly vulnerable population on which little was known about: single male welfare recipients (SIM-welfare). One of the main policy questions was: is there need to promote access to healthcare for this specific group?DesignA cross-sectional study incorporating peer-to-peer methodology to approach and survey SIM-welfare. Sociodemographics, prevalence of ill health, harmful drug use and healthcare utilisation for subgroups of SIM-welfare assessed with a different distance to the labour market and exposed to different reintegration policy were described and compared against single employed men (SIM-work).SettingMen between the age of 23 and 64, living in single person households in Amsterdam.ParticipantsA random and representative sample of 472 SIM-welfare was surveyed during 2009–2010. A reference sample of 212 SIM-work was taken from the 2008 Amsterdam Health Survey.Outcome measuresStandardised instruments were used to assess self-reported ill somatic and mental health, harmful drug use and service use.ResultsSIM-welfare are mostly long-term jobless, low educated, older men; 70% are excluded from re-employment policy due to multiple personal barriers. Health: 50% anxiety and depression; 47% harmful drug use; 41% multiple somatic illnesses. Health differences compared with SIM-work: (1) controlled for background characteristics, SIM-welfare report more mental (OR 4.0; 95% CI 2.1 to 4.7) and somatic illnesses (OR 3.1; 95% CI 2.7 to 6.0); (2) SIM-welfare assessed with the largest distance to the labour market report most combined health problems. Controlled for ill health, SIM-welfare are more likely to have service contacts than SIM-work.ConclusionsSIM-welfare form a selection of men with disadvantaged human capital and health. Findings do not support a need to improve access to healthcare. The stratification of welfare clients distinguishes between health needs.
Medication use in pregnancy: a cross-sectional, multinational web-based study
Authors: Lupattelli A , Spigset O , Twigg M J , Zagorodnikova K , Mårdby A C , Moretti M E , Drozd M , Panchaud A , Hämeen-Anttila K , Rieutord A , Gjergja Juraski R , Odalovic M , Kennedy D , Rudolf G , Juch H , Passier A , Björnsdóttir I , Nordeng H 
Published: February 2014

ObjectivesIntercountry comparability between studies on medication use in pregnancy is difficult due to dissimilarities in study design and methodology. This study aimed to examine patterns and factors associated with medications use in pregnancy from a multinational perspective, with emphasis on type of medication utilised and indication for use.DesignCross-sectional, web-based study performed within the period from 1 October 2011 to 29 February 2012. Uniform collection of drug utilisation data was performed via an anonymous online questionnaire.SettingMultinational study in Europe (Western, Northern and Eastern), North and South America and Australia.ParticipantsPregnant women and new mothers with children less than 1 year of age.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrevalence of and factors associated with medication use for acute/short-term illnesses, chronic/long-term disorders and over-the-counter (OTC) medication use.ResultsThe study population included 9459 women, of which 81.2% reported use of at least one medication (prescribed or OTC) during pregnancy. Overall, OTC medication use occurred in 66.9% of the pregnancies, whereas 68.4% and 17% of women reported use of at least one medication for treatment of acute/short-term illnesses and chronic/long-term disorders, respectively. The extent of self-reported medicated illnesses and types of medication used by indication varied across regions, especially in relation to urinary tract infections, depression or OTC nasal sprays. Women with higher age or lower educational level, housewives or women with an unplanned pregnancy were those most often reporting use of medication for chronic/long-term disorders. Immigrant women in Western (adjusted OR (aOR): 0.55, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.87) and Northern Europe (aOR: 0.50, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.83) were less likely to report use of medication for chronic/long-term disorders during pregnancy than non-immigrants.ConclusionsIn this study, the majority of women in Europe, North America, South America and Australia used at least one medication during pregnancy. There was a substantial inter-region variability in the types of medication used.
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase-2 Is a Host Factor Required for Effective Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy
Authors: Zhu Hongming , Sun Aijun , Zhu Hong , Li Zheng , Huang Zheyong , Zhang Shuning , Ma Xin , Zou Yunzeng , Hu Kai , Ge Junbo 
Published: February 2014

Objective—
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is a promising treatment for ischemic injury. However, the environmental regulatory mechanism is essentially unclear and thus greatly limits its application in clinical setting. Accumulating evidence suggests a vital role of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) in microenvironment homeostasis after ischemia. About 540 million people or 8% of population worldwide carry a loss-of-function allele of ALDH2. It is unknown whether ALDH2 functions as a host factor regulating the therapeutic potential of donor MSCs. Therefore, this study was designed to determine whether and how host ALDH2 regulates MSC retention and therapeutic efficacy after transplantation into ischemic tissues.

Approach and Results—

Mice limb ischemia was performed by femoral artery ligation. A total of 10
6
MSCs were injected into the ischemic thigh muscles. One, 2, and 4 weeks after transplantation, MSC retention, blood perfusion recovery, limb necrosis, and fibrosis were analyzed. Compared with wild-type tissue, ALDH2 deficiency tissue significantly limited MSC retention and its perfusion recovery and limb salvage effects after ischemia. Importantly, local overexpression of ALDH2 optimized tissue microenvironment and significantly magnified all these MSC-induced improvement. Further study indicated that host ALDH2 regulated transplanted MSC survival and therapy as a microenvironment homeostasis mediator via local capillary density, energy supply, and oxidative stress regulating after ischemia.

Conclusions—
Our study establishes ALDH2 as a key mediator of host stem cell niche for optimal MSC therapy and suggests that ALDH2 deficiency present in the general population is a limiting host factor to be considered for MSC therapy.
Percutaneous Left Ventricular Assist Devices in Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation
Authors: Reddy Yeruva Madhu , Chinitz Larry , Mansour Moussa , Bunch T. Jared , Mahapatra Srijoy , Swarup Vijay , Di Biase Luigi , Bommana Sudharani , Atkins Donita , Tung Roderick , Shivkumar Kalyanam , Burkhardt J. David , Ruskin Jeremy , Natale Andrea , Lakkireddy Dhanunjaya 
Published: February 2014

Background—
Data on relative safety, efficacy, and role of different percutaneous left ventricular assist devices for hemodynamic support during the ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation procedure are limited.

Methods and Results—

We performed a multicenter, observational study from a prospective registry including all consecutive patients (N=66) undergoing VT ablation with a percutaneous left ventricular assist devices in 6 centers in the United States. Patients with intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP group; N=22) were compared with patients with either an Impella or a TandemHeart device (non-IABP group; N=44). There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics between both the groups. In non-IABP group (1) more patients could undergo entrainment/activation mapping (82% versus 59%;
P
=0.046), (2) more number of unstable VTs could be mapped and ablated per patient (1.05±0.78 versus 0.32±0.48;
P
<0.001), (3) more number of VTs could be terminated by ablation (1.59±1.0 versus 0.91±0.81;
P
=0.007), and (4) fewer VTs were terminated with rescue shocks (1.9±2.2 versus 3.0±1.5;
P
=0.049) when compared with IABP group. Complications of the procedure trended to be more in the non-IABP group when compared with those in the IABP group (32% versus 14%;
P
=0.143). Intermediate term outcomes (mortality and VT recurrence) during 12±5-month follow-up were not different between both groups. Left ventricular ejection fraction ≤15% was a strong and independent predictor of in-hospital mortality (53% versus 4%;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions—
Impella and TandemHeart use in VT ablation facilitates extensive activation mapping of several unstable VTs and requires fewer rescue shocks during the procedure when compared with using IABP.
DES daughters in France: experts' points of view on the various genital, uterine and obstetric pathologies, and in utero DES exposure
Authors: Clement R , Guilbaud E , Barrios L , Rougé-Maillart C , Jousset N , Rodat O 
Published: February 2014

Background Compensation of diethylstilbestrol exposure depends on the judicial system. In France, girls having been exposed to diethylstilbestrol are currently being compensated, and each exposure victim is being evaluated. Fifty-nine expert evaluations were studied to determine the causal relation between exposure to diethylstilbestrol and the pathologies attributable to diethylstilbestrol. Methods The following were taken into consideration: age at the first signs of the pathology; age of the sufferer at the time of evaluation; the pathologies grouped into five categories: fertility disorders – cancers – mishaps during pregnancy – psychosomatic complaints – pathologies of “3rd generation DES victims”; submission of proof of DES exposure; the degree of causality determined (direct, indirect, ruled out). Results 61% of the cases related to fertility disorders, 28.8% to cancer pathologies (clear-cell adenocarcinoma), 18.6% to mishaps during pregnancy, 8.5% to disorders resulting from preterm delivery, and 3.4% to psychosomatic disorders. Some cases involved a combination of two types of complaints. Indirect causality was determined in 47.1% of the cases involving primary sterility, in 66.7% involving secondary sterility, and in 5 out of 6 cases of total sterility. There is direct causality between in utero diethylstilbestrol exposure and vaginal or cervical clear cell adenocarcinoma. Causality is indirect in the case of disorders linked to prematurity in third generation victims. Conclusion Causality was determined by the experts on the basis of scientific criteria which attribute the presenting pathologies to diethylstilbestrol exposure. When other risk factors come into play, or when exposure is indirect (third generation), this causality is diminished.
Nonresponse Bias in Randomized Controlled Experiments in Criminology
Authors: Antrobus Emma , Elffers Henk , White Gentry , Mazerolle Lorraine 
Published: February 2014

Objectives: The goal of this article is to examine whether or not the results of the Queensland Community Engagement Trial (QCET)—a randomized controlled trial that tested the impact of procedural justice policing on citizen attitudes toward police—were affected by different types of nonresponse bias. Method: We use two methods (Cochrane and Elffers methods) to explore nonresponse bias: First, we assess the impact of the low response rate by examining the effects of nonresponse group differences between the experimental and control conditions and pooled variance under different scenarios. Second, we assess the degree to which item response rates are influenced by the control and experimental conditions. Results: Our analysis of the QCET data suggests that our substantive findings are not influenced by the low response rate in the trial. The results are robust even under extreme conditions, and statistical significance of the results would only be compromised in cases where the pooled variance was much larger for the nonresponse group and the difference between experimental and control conditions was greatly diminished. We also find that there were no biases in the item response rates across the experimental and control conditions. Conclusion: RCTs that involve field survey responses—like QCET—are potentially compromised by low response rates and how item response rates might be influenced by the control or experimental conditions. Our results show that the QCET results were not sensitive to the overall low response rate across the experimental and control conditions and the item response rates were not significantly different across the experimental and control groups. Overall, our analysis suggests that the results of QCET are robust and any biases in the survey responses do not significantly influence the main experimental findings.
Association of extended interleukin-10 promoter haplotypes with disease susceptibility and manifestations in German patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Schotte H , Willeke P , Becker H , Poggemeyer J , Gaubitz M , Schmidt H , Schlüter B 
Published: February 2014

Objectives Associations of interleukin-10 (IL-10) promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their haplotypes with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are unclear. We extended the analysis of established proximal IL-10 promoter haplotypes to a more distal SNP with functional capacity. Methods Two hundred and ten German caucasian SLE patients fulfilling the ACR criteria and 160 ethnically, age and sex matched controls were genotyped for IL-10 −2849 G > A, −1082 A > G, −819 T > C and −592 C > A. Haplotypes were reconstructed via a mathematical model, then allele and haplotype distributions were compared between patients and controls and patients with different disease manifestations. Results We detected at −2849, −1082, −819 and −592 the four predominant haplotypes GGCC (22% in patients vs. 29% in controls), AGCC (24% vs. 21%), GACC (30% vs. 25%) and GATA (24% vs. 24%). GGCC was underrepresented in SLE patients, suggesting a protective effect (odds ratio (OR) 0.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.48–0.94). AGCC was found significantly more frequently in patients with pathognomonic anti-dsDNA antibodies (26% vs. 15%; OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.04–3.75). As compared to patients with glomerulonephritis type V (WHO classification), the presumptive IL-10 high producer allele −2849 G was found significantly more often in patients with GN type III/IV (93% vs. 60%; OR 8.7, 95% CI 1.59–47.15). Conclusion Our data confirm that the complexity of the IL-10 promoter evokes the need for a meticulous analysis of its haplotypic structure in order to specify disease associations, particularly under functional aspects, thereby shedding light on the pathophysiology of SLE.
Inconsistent measurement of acute coronary syndrome patients’ pre-hospital delay in research: A review of the literature
Authors: Mackay Martha H , Ratner Pamela A , Nguyen Michelle , Percy Myra , Galdas Paul , Grunau Gilat 
Published: February 2014

Background:Patients’ treatment-seeking delay remains a significant barrier to timely initiation of reperfusion therapy. Measurement of treatment-seeking delay is central to the large body of research that has focused on pre-hospital delay (PHD), which is primarily patient-related. This research has aimed to quantify PHD and its effects on morbidity and mortality, identify contributing factors, and evaluate interventions to reduce such delay. A definite time of symptom onset in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is essential for determining delay, but difficult to establish. This literature review aimed to explore the variety of operational definitions of both PHD and symptom onset in published research.Methods and results:We reviewed the English-language literature from 1998–2013 for operational definitions of PHD and symptom onset. Of 626 papers of possible interest, 175 were deemed relevant. Ninety-seven percent reported a delay time and 84% provided an operational definition of PHD. Three definitions predominated: (a) symptom onset to decision to seek help (18%); (b) symptom onset to hospital arrival (67%), (c) total delay, incorporating two or more intervals (11%). Of those that measured delay, 8% provided a definition of which symptoms triggered the start of timing.Conclusion:We found few and variable operational definitions of PHD, despite American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association recommendations to report specific intervals. Worryingly, definitions of symptom onset, the most elusive component of PHD to establish, are uncommon. We recommend that researchers (a) report two PHD delay intervals (onset to decision to seek care, and decision to seek care to hospital arrival), and (b) develop, validate and use a definition of symptom onset. This will increase clarity and confidence in the conclusions from, and comparisons within and between studies.
Electroablation: a method for neurectomy and localized tissue injury
Authors: Moya-Díaz José , Peña Oscar A , Sánchez Mario , Ureta Daniela A , Reynaert Nicole G , Anguita-Salinas Consuelo , Marín Gonzalo , Allende Miguel L 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

Background
Tissue injury has been employed to study diverse biological processes such as regeneration and inflammation. In addition to physical or surgical based methods for tissue injury, current protocols for localized tissue damage include laser and two-photon wounding, which allow a high degree of accuracy, but are expensive and difficult to apply. In contrast, electrical injury is a simple and inexpensive technique, which allows reproducible and localized cell or tissue damage in a variety of contexts.

Results
We describe a novel technique that combines the advantages of zebrafish for in vivo visualization of cells with those of electrical injury methods in a simple and versatile protocol which allows the study of regeneration and inflammation. The source of the electrical pulse is a microelectrode that can be placed with precision adjacent to specific cells expressing fluorescent proteins. We demonstrate the use of this technique in zebrafish larvae by damaging different cell types and structures. Neurectomy can be carried out in peripheral nerves or in the spinal cord allowing the study of degeneration and regeneration of nerve fibers. We also apply this method for the ablation of single lateral line mechanosensory neuromasts, showing the utility of this approach as a tool for the study of organ regeneration. In addition, we show that electrical injury induces immune cell recruitment to damaged tissues, allowing in vivo studies of leukocyte dynamics during inflammation within a confined and localized injury. Finally, we show that it is possible to apply electroablation as a method of tissue injury and inflammation induction in adult fish.

Conclusions
Electrical injury using a fine microelectrode can be used for axotomy of neurons, as a general tissue ablation tool and as a method to induce a powerful inflammatory response. We demonstrate its utility to studies in both larvae and in adult zebrafish but we expect that this technique can be readily applied to other organisms as well. We have called this method of electrical based tissue ablation, electroablation.
Continuous retinoic acid induces the differentiation of mature regulatory monocytes but fails to induce regulatory dendritic cells
Authors: VanGundy Zachary C , Guerau-de-Arellano Mireia , Baker Julie D , Strange Heather R , Olivo-Marston Susan , Muth Dillon C , Papenfuss Tracey L 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBackgroundMyeloid cells (MC) have potent immunoregulatory abilities that can be therapeutically useful to treat inflammatory disease. However, the factors which promote regulatory myeloid cell differentiation remain poorly understood. We have previously shown that estriol (E3) induces mature regulatory dendritic cellsin vivo. To determine whether additional steroid hormones could induce mature regulatory myeloid cells, we investigated the effects of retinoic acid (RA) on MCs. Retinoic acid is a steroid hormone important in regulating mucosal immunity in the gut and promoting myeloid differentiation. We hypothesized that the presence of RA during differentiation would promote the formation of mature regulatory myeloid cells (MCregs).MethodsTo determine RA’s ability to induce regulatory myeloid cells, we differentiated bone marrow progenitor cells with granulocytic-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) under the influence of RA. We found that day 7 MCs differentiated in the presence of RA had an increase in the percent positive and relative expression levels of both maturation (CD80, CD86, and MHCII) and inhibitory (PD-L1 and PD-L2) markers compared to control cells. Functionally, these day 7 RA MCs expressed increased intracellular IL-10, induced regulatory T cellsin vitrocompared to controls and suppressed the proliferation of responder immune cells even after inflammatory challenge with LPS.ConclusionRA induced mature regulatory myeloid cells that were suppressive and had a CD11b+ CD11c-Ly6Clow/intermediatemonocyte phenotype. Surprisingly, RA CD11c+dendritic cells were not suppressive and could contribute to enhanced proliferation. These results suggest that continuous RA has unique effects on different myeloid populations during monopoeisis and dendropoiesis and promotes a population of regulatory monocytes.