bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiomic analysis reveals diverse prognostic and molecular insights into the response of breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a multicohort study
Authors: Fan Ming , Wang Kailang , Pan Da , Cao Xuan , Li Zhihao , He Songlin , Xie Sangma , You Chao , Gu Yajia , Li Lihua 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer patients exhibit various response patterns to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). However, it is uncertain whether diverse tumor response patterns to NAC in breast cancer patients can predict survival outcomes. We aimed to develop and validate radiomic signatures indicative of tumor shrinkage and therapeutic response for improved survival analysis.

Methods
This retrospective, multicohort study included three datasets. The development dataset, consisting of preoperative and early NAC DCE-MRI data from 255 patients, was used to create an imaging signature-based multitask model for predicting tumor shrinkage patterns and pathological complete response (pCR). Patients were categorized as pCR, nonpCR with concentric shrinkage (CS), or nonpCR with non-CS, with prediction performance measured by the area under the curve (AUC). The prognostic validation dataset (n = 174) was used to assess the prognostic value of the imaging signatures for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) using a multivariate Cox model. The gene expression data (genomic validation dataset, n = 112) were analyzed to determine the biological basis of the response patterns.

Results
The multitask learning model, utilizing 17 radiomic signatures, achieved AUCs of 0.886 for predicting tumor shrinkage and 0.760 for predicting pCR. Patients who achieved pCR had the best survival outcomes, while nonpCR patients with a CS pattern had better survival than non-CS patients did, with significant differences in OS and RFS (p = 0.00012 and p = 0.00063, respectively). Gene expression analysis highlighted the involvement of the IL-17 and estrogen signaling pathways in response variability.

Conclusions
Radiomic signatures effectively predict NAC response patterns in breast cancer patients and are associated with specific survival outcomes. The CS pattern in nonpCR patients indicates better survival.
Psychometric validation of the Chinese Version of the stimulant relapse risk scale (SRRS) in patients with methamphetamine use disorder
Authors: Lin Jing-Shu , Ogai Yasukazu , Lin Chun , Chang Hu-Ming , Wu Yi-Chia , Huang Ming-Chyi , Fang Su-Chen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Evaluating the risk of relapse is a pivotal step in the treatment of patients with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD). The 30-item Stimulant Relapse Risk Scale (SRRS) was originally developed in Japan to meet the demand. This study examined the reliability, validity, and factor structure of the Chinese version of the SRRS for patients with MUD.

Methods
247 patients with MUD self-rated the Chinese version of the SRRS. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients and inter-item correlation analysis were used to assess the internal consistency reliability. Construct validity was determined through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and concurrent validity was examined using the visual analogue scale (VAS) for drug craving and the severity of dependence scale (SDS). We followed the participants for 1 year and assessed the predictive validity based on the correlation of the scores of the Chinese version of the SRRS with the relapse rate within 3, 6, and 12 months of follow-up.

Results
CFA revealed satisfactory model fit estimates for the 22-item Chinese version of the SRRS that consisted of four subscales. The four-factored 22-item Chinese version of the SRRS had adequate internal consistency with Cronbach’s alphas ranging from 0.76 to 0.92. The 22-item Chinese version of the SRRS scores were significantly correlated with the VAS and SDS scores as well as the relapse rate within 3, 6, and 12 months, indicating good concurrent and predictive validity of this scale. The receiver operating characteristic curve revealed a cutoff score of 40 could discriminate between participants with (SDS score ≥ 4) and without (SDS score < 4) methamphetamine dependence (area under the curve = 0.71, p < 0.01).

Conclusions
The 22-item Chinese version of the SRRS that consists of four subscales is a valid and reliable instrument to assess the relapse risk in patients with MUD.
Early adversity and prosocial behavior in adolescents from Bogotá: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Cardozo Alarcón Andrés Camilo , Moreno Arenas Nathaly , Verjel Ávila Kharen Alessandra , Trujillo Maza Elena María , Greniez Rodríguez Charlotte , Vargas Riaño Olga Lucía , Suárez Acevedo Daniel Enrique 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe association between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), prosocial behavior, and depression (like other negative mental health outcomes) has not been thoroughly understood. This study aimed at evaluating their simultaneous association while controlling for key confounding variables.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried-out with 2918 secondary school students from seven charter schools located in low-resourced neighborhoods in Bogota (Colombia), 54.12% were female, and mean age was 13.81 years. The self-report instrument included demographic variables, well-being, mental health, risk behaviors and symptoms of psychopathology. Assessment of ACEs was done by a series of yes/no questions, prosocial behavior was evaluated with the corresponding subscale in the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and depression was assessed with the Self-Reporting Questionnaire. Associations were tested using the Spearman correlation coefficient, Z tests and Chi-square tests, and all primary outcome analyses were adjusted for potential confounding variables through multivariate logistic regression using depression as outcome.ResultsMean exposure to ACEs was 3.15 events; those exposed to four or more obtained lower scores in well-being, satisfaction with life and family functioning, and higher scores in symptoms of psychopathology. For the prosocial behavior scores, 64.35% were classified as close to the average, 17.51% as slightly lowered, 11.91% as low, and 6.23% as very low; participants with higher levels of prosocial behavior showed lower scores in symptoms of psychopathology. While ACEs had a positive association with depressive symptoms (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.67–2.94), prosocial behavior did not have a significant association with either ACEs or depressive symptoms in multivariate regression models.ConclusionsNovel studies should further elucidate the developmental pathways involving positive and negative mental health constructs to better understand the actual effectiveness of interventions that use these constructs in their design.
Hypothyroidism after hemithyroidectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cooper Dominic , Kaur Rajneesh , Ayeni Femi E. , Eslick Guy D. , Edirimanne Senarath 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The incidence of hypothyroidism following hemithyroidectomy and risk factors associated with its occurrence are not completely understood. This systematic review investigated the incidence and risk factors for hypothyroidism, thyroxine supplementation following hemithyroidectomy as well as the course of post-operative hypothyroidism, including the time to hypothyroidism and incidence of transient hypothyroidism.

Methods
Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane library for studies reporting the incidence of hypothyroidism or thyroxine supplementation following hemithyroidectomy.

Results
Sixty-six studies were eligible for inclusion: 36 reported risk factors, and 27 reported post-operative course of hypothyroidism. Median follow-up was 25.2 months. The pooled incidence of hypothyroidism was 29% (95% CI, 25-34%; P<0.001). Transient hypothyroidism occurred in 34% of patients (95% CI, 21-47%; P<0.001). The pooled incidence of thyroxine supplementation was 23% (95% CI, 19-27%; P<0.001), overt hypothyroidism 4% (95% CI, 2-6%, P<0.001). Risk factors for development of hypothyroidism included pre-operative thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (WMD, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.75-0.98; P<0.001), TSH ≥ 2 mIU/L (RR, 2.87; 95% CI, 2.43-3.40; P<0.001), female sex (RR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.08-1.32; P=0.007), age (WMD, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.20-3.38; P<0.001), right sided hemithyroidectomy (RR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.10-1.65, P=0.003), the presence of autoantibodies anti-TPO (RR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.49-2.48; P<0.001), anti-Tg (RR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.40-1.88; P<0.001), and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (RR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.57-2.68; P=0.001).

Conclusion
A significant number of patients will develop hypothyroidism or require thyroxine following hemithyroidectomy. An awareness of patient risk factors and postoperative thyroid function course will assist in counselling patients on their risk profile and guiding management.
Mature B, T and NK-cell, plasma cell and histiocytic/dendritic cell neoplasms: classification according to the World Health Organization and International Consensus Classification
Authors: Ferry Judith A. , Hill Brian , Hsi Eric D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn 2022, two updated classification systems for lymphoid neoplasms were published by the World Health Organization (WHO Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours, 5th edition, referred to hereafter as WHO-HAEM5) and the International Consensus Conference (ICC) (Alaggio et al. in Leukemia 36(7):1720–1748, 2022; Campo et al. in Blood 140(11):1229–1253, 2022). Both classifications were conceived by both pathologists and clinicians with expertise in the field. The reasons for this have been reviewed previously (Arber et al. in Virchows Arch 482(1):1–9, 2023; Cree in Leukemia 36(7):1701–1702, 2022, Leukemia 36(11):2750, 2022). Given that both groups were using data-driven processes and consensus and used the revised 4th edition of the WHO Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours (WHO-HAEM4R) as a starting point, it is not entirely surprising that the resulting classifications are quite similar. However, they are not identical and reflect preferences or approaches for certain unsettled areas as well as preferred terminology. In this review, we will compare nomenclature of the WHO-HAEM5 and ICC classifications, focusing on lymphoid neoplasms and lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs).
Diagnostic accuracy of lung ultrasound in diagnosis of ARDS and identification of focal or non-focal ARDS subphenotypes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Boumans Maud M. A. , Aerts William , Pisani Luigi , Bos Lieuwe D. J. , Smit Marry R. , Tuinman Pieter R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening respiratory condition with high mortality rates, accounting for 10% of all intensive care unit admissions. Lung ultrasound (LUS) as diagnostic tool for acute respiratory failure has garnered widespread recognition and was recently incorporated into the updated definitions of ARDS. This raised the hypothesis that LUS is a reliable method for diagnosing ARDS.

Objectives
We aimed to establish the accuracy of LUS for ARDS diagnosis and classification of focal versus non-focal ARDS subphenotypes.

Methods
This systematic review and meta-analysis used a systematic search strategy, which was applied to PubMed, EMBASE and cochrane databases. Studies investigating the diagnostic accuracy of LUS compared to thoracic CT or chest radiography (CXR) in ARDS diagnosis or focal versus non-focal subphenotypes in adult patients were included. Quality of studies was evaluated using the QUADAS-2 tool. Statistical analyses were performed using “Mada” in Rstudio, version 4.0.3. Sensitivity and specificity with 95% confidence interval of each separate study were summarized in a Forest plot.

Results
The search resulted in 2648 unique records. After selection, 11 reports were included, involving 2075 patients and 598 ARDS cases (29%). Nine studies reported on ARDS diagnosis and two reported on focal versus non-focal ARDS subphenotypes classification. Meta-analysis showed a pooled sensitivity of 0.631 (95% CI 0.450–0.782) and pooled specificity of 0.942 (95% CI 0.856–0.978) of LUS for ARDS diagnosis. In two studies, LUS could accurately differentiate between focal versus non-focal ARDS subphenotypes. Insufficient data was available to perform a meta-analysis.

Conclusion
This review confirms the hypothesis that LUS is a reliable method for diagnosing ARDS in adult patients. For the classification of focal or non-focal subphenotypes, LUS showed promising results, but more research is needed.
Stromal lymphocytes are associated with upgrade of B3 breast lesions
Authors: Kader Tanjina , Provenzano Elena , Jayawardana Madawa W. , Hendry Shona , Pang Jia-Min , Elder Kenneth , Byrne David J. , Tjoeka Lauren , Frazer Helen ML. , House Eloise , Jayasinghe Sureshni I. , Keane Holly , Murugasu Anand , Rajan Neeha , Miligy Islam M. , Toss Michael , Green Andrew R. , Rakha Emad A. , Fox Stephen B. , Mann G. Bruce , Campbell Ian G. , Gorringe Kylie L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractVarious histopathological, clinical and imaging parameters have been evaluated to identify a subset of women diagnosed with lesions with uncertain malignant potential (B3 or BIRADS 3/4A lesions) who could safely be observed rather than being treated with surgical excision, with little impact on clinical practice. The primary reason for surgery is to rule out an upgrade to either ductal carcinoma in situ or invasive breast cancer, which occurs in up to 30% of patients. We hypothesised that the stromal immune microenvironment could indicate the presence of carcinoma associated with a ductal B3 lesion and that this could be detected in biopsies by counting lymphocytes as a predictive biomarker for upgrade. A higher number of lymphocytes in the surrounding specialised stroma was observed in upgraded ductal and papillary B3 lesions than non-upgraded (p < 0.01, negative binomial model, n = 307). We developed a model using lymphocytes combined with age and the type of lesion, which was predictive of upgrade with an area under the curve of 0.82 [95% confidence interval 0.77–0.87]. The model can identify some patients at risk of upgrade with high sensitivity, but with limited specificity. Assessing the tumour microenvironment including stromal lymphocytes may contribute to reducing unnecessary surgeries in the clinic, but additional predictive features are needed.
The contribution of silencer variants to human diseases
Authors: Huang Di , Ovcharenko Ivan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Although disease-causal genetic variants have been found within silencer sequences, we still lack a comprehensive analysis of the association of silencers with diseases. Here, we profiled GWAS variants in 2.8 million candidate silencers across 97 human samples derived from a diverse panel of tissues and developmental time points, using deep learning models.

Results
We show that candidate silencers exhibit strong enrichment in disease-associated variants, and several diseases display a much stronger association with silencer variants than enhancer variants. Close to 52% of candidate silencers cluster, forming silencer-rich loci, and, in the loci of Parkinson’s-disease-hallmark genes TRIM31 and MAL, the associated SNPs densely populate clustered candidate silencers rather than enhancers displaying an overall twofold enrichment in silencers versus enhancers. The disruption of apoptosis in neuronal cells is associated with both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and can largely be attributed to variants within candidate silencers. Our model permits a mechanistic explanation of causative SNP effects by identifying altered binding of tissue-specific repressors and activators, validated with a 70% of directional concordance using SNP-SELEX. Narrowing the focus of the analysis to individual silencer variants, experimental data confirms the role of the rs62055708 SNP in Parkinson’s disease, rs2535629 in schizophrenia, and rs6207121 in type 1 diabetes.

Conclusions
In summary, our results indicate that advances in deep learning models for the discovery of disease-causal variants within candidate silencers effectively “double” the number of functionally characterized GWAS variants. This provides a basis for explaining mechanisms of action and designing novel diagnostics and therapeutics.
General skin and nasal decolonization with octenisan® set before and after elective orthopedic surgery in selected patients at elevated risk for revision surgery and surgical site infections—a single-center, unblinded, superiority, randomized controlled trial (BALGDEC trial)
Authors: Unterfrauner Ines , Bragatto-Hess Nadja , Studhalter Thorsten , Farshad Mazda , Uçkay Ilker 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The preoperative body surface and nasal decolonization may reduce the risk of surgical site infections (SSI) but yields conflicting results in the current orthopedic literature.

Methods
We perform a single-center, randomized-controlled, superiority trial in favor of the preoperative decolonization using a commercial product (octenidine® set). We will randomize a total number of 1000 adult elective orthopedic patients with a high risk for SSI and/or wound complications (age ≥ 80 years, chronic immune-suppression, American Society of Anesthesiologists score 3–4 points) between a decolonization (octenisan® wash lotion 1 × per day and octenisan® md nasal gel 2–3 × per day; during 5 days) and no decolonization. Decolonized patients will additionally fill a questionnaire regarding the practical difficulties, the completeness, and the adverse events of decolonization. The primary outcomes are SSI and revision surgeries for postoperative wound problems until 6 weeks postoperatively (or 1 year for surgeries with implants or bone). Secondary outcomes are unplanned revision surgeries for non-infectious problems and all adverse events. With 95% event-free surgeries in the decolonization arm versus 90% in the control arm, we formally need 2 × 474 elective orthopedic surgeries included during 2 years.

Discussion
In selected adult orthopedic patients with a high risk for SSI, the presurgical decolonization may reduce postoperative wound problems, including SSI.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrial.gov NCT05647252. Registered on 9 December 2022.
Protocol version: 2 (5 December 2022).
Corrosion resistance of aluminum against acid activation in 1.0 M HCl by symmetrical ball − type zinc phthalocyanine
Authors: Alrasheedi Najah F. H. , Abdulazeez Ismail , Haladu Shamsuddeen A. , Gondal Mohammed A. , AlAqad Khaled M. , Kamal Salwa J. , Alharthi Salha N. , Elsharif Asma M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe inhibition effect of symmetrical Ball − type Zinc Phthalocyanine on Aluminum in 1mol/L hydrochloric acid was analyzed by electrochemical techniques. A novel ball-type zinc phthalocyanine (Zn-Pc) inhibitor has been synthesized and verified utilizing FTIR, nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR and 13C NMR), MALDI-TOF MS, and absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis). In addition, laser-induced breakdown and photoluminescence spectroscopy were employed for additional study. Weight loss technique was employed to investigate the corrosion inhibition effectiveness of the synthesized Zn-Pc on Aluminum in 1mol/L hydrochloric acid at the range of variation temperatures (293–333 K). The inhibition efficiency of Zn-Pc increased with higher concentrations of Zn-Pc and decreased as the temperature increased. Furthermore, Zn-Pc demonstrated outstanding outcomes, achieving 72.9% at a very low inhibitor concentration (0.4 mmol/L) at 298 K. The experimental data for Zn-Pc Aluminum in 1mol/L hydrochloric acid obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Moreover, the corrosion system’s thermodynamic parameters and activation energy were determined. Quantum chemical calculations applying the (DFT) Density Functional Theory method was conducted and applied in this study. These calculations played a pivotal role in elucidating molecular structures and reactivity patterns. Through DFT, numerous reactivity indicators were computed, providing valuable insights into the chemical behavior of the studied compounds. These indicators, such as frontier molecular orbitals, electron density, and molecular electrostatic potential, were subsequently correlated with experimental data.
The Relationship between the complement system and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Hernández-Díaz Marta , Rodríguez-González Dara , Heras-Recuero Elena , Gómez-Bernal Fuensanta , Quevedo-Abeledo Juan Carlos , González-Rivero Agustín F. , González-López Elena , Ocejo-Vinyals J. Gonzalo , Jimenez-Sosa Alejandro , González-Gay Miguel Ángel , Ferraz-Amaro Iván 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events and CV mortality. Subclinical carotid atherosclerosis is independently associated with rates of incident CV events among patients with RA. The complement system has been related to both the etiopathogenesis of RA and CV disease. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between a comprehensive assessment of the complement system and carotid intima media thickness and carotid plaque in patients with RA.

Methods
430 patients with RA were recruited. Functional assays of the three pathways of the complement system, utilizing new-generation techniques, were assessed. Additionally, serum levels of individual components of the complement system belonging to the three pathways were measured: C1q (classical), lectin (lectin), C2, C4, and C4b (classical and lectin), factor D and properdin (alternative), C3 and C3a (common), C5, C5a, and C9 (terminal), as well as regulators factor I and C1-inhibitor. Subclinical carotid atherosclerosis was evaluated by ultrasonography. Multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to investigate the association between the complement system and carotid intima media thickness and carotid plaque.

Results
After multivariable adjustment, which included traditional CV risk factors and disease-related data, C3a and C5a exhibited significant positive correlations with carotid intima media thickness. Additionally, higher values of C1-inhibitor, properdin, C3, C5, and C5a were independently associated with the presence of carotid plaque.

Conclusion
The complement system and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis are linked in patients with RA.