bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells alleviate early‐stage pulmonary fibrosis in a uPAR‐dependent manner
Authors: Efimenko Anastasia Yu , Shmakova Anna A. , Popov Vladimir S. , Basalova Natalia A. , Vigovskiy Maxim A. , Grigorieva Olga A. , Sysoeva Veronika Yu , Klimovich Polina S. , Khabibullin Nikita R. , Tkachuk Vsevolod A. , Rubina Kseniya A. , Semina Ekaterina V. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPulmonary fibrosis, a debilitating lung disorder characterised by excessive fibrous tissue accumulation in lung parenchyma, compromises respiratory function leading to a life‐threatening respiratory failure. While its origins are multifaceted and poorly understood, the urokinase system, including urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR), plays a significant role in regulating fibrotic response, extracellular matrix remodelling, and tissue repair. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) hold promise in regenerative medicine for treating pulmonary fibrosis. Our study aimed to investigate the potential of MSCs to inhibit pulmonary fibrosis as well as the contribution of uPAR expression to this effect. We found that intravenous MSC administration significantly reduced lung fibrosis in the bleomycin‐induced pulmonary fibrosis model in mice as revealed by MRI and histological evaluations. Notably, administering the MSCs isolated from adipose tissue of uPAR knockout mice (Plaur‐/‐ MSCs) attenuated lung fibrosis to a lesser extent as compared to WT MSCs. Collagen deposition, a hallmark of fibrosis, was markedly reduced in lungs treated with WT MSCs versus Plaur‐/‐ MSCs. Along with that, endogenous uPA levels were affected differently; after Plaur‐/‐ MSCs were administered, the uPA content was specifically decreased within the blood vessels. Our findings support the potential of MSC treatment in attenuating pulmonary fibrosis. We provide evidence that the observed anti‐fibrotic effect depends on uPAR expression in MSCs, suggesting that uPAR might counteract the uPA accumulation in lungs.
Alkyne Hydroamination Inhibited by Vinylidene Deactivation
Authors: Beardall Anne Marie M. , Chapple Devon E. , Henao Ruiz Nicolas , Boyle Paul D. , Blacquiere Johanna M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe synthesis and isolation of [Ru(Cp)(PCy2NPh2)(=C=CHPh]PF6 and [Ru(Cp*)(PCy2NCy2)(=C=CHPh)]PF6 was successfully accomplished. Use of these ruthenium vinylidene complexes for stoichiometric reactions with a variety of amines was performed. Upon reaction with alkyl amines, deprotonation of the Cβ hydrogen resulted in formation of acetylide complex [Ru(Cp*)(PCy2NPh2)(−C≡CPh)], and the species was confirmed through independent synthesis. In contrast, reaction of the less basic aryl amine aniline with [Ru(Cp)(PCy2NCy2)(=C=CHPh)]PF6 resulted in outer sphere addition to give a Fischer carbene product.
Intelligent Process Monitoring of Smart Polymer Composites Using Large Area Graphene Coated Fabric Sensor
Authors: Mazumder Md Rahinul Hasan , Govindaraj Premika , Mehedi Hasan Muhammad , Antiohos Dennis , Salim Nisa , Konstantin Fuss Franz , Hameed Nishar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe location of defect formed in the final composite is identified using sensor data. Herein, we report the development of an online process monitoring system for vacuum‐assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process using large area graphene coated in‐situ fabric sensor. Besides imparting excellent mechanical properties to the final composites, these sensors provide critical information during the composite processing including detecting defects and evaluating processing parameters. The obtained information can be used to create a digital passport of the manufacturing phase to develop a cost‐effective production technique and fabricate high‐quality composites. The fabric sensor was produced using a scalable dip‐coating process by coating 1‐, 3‐ or 5‐layers of thermally reduced graphene oxide (rGO) onto glass fabric surface according to the number of dips of the fabrics into GO solution. 5 electrode pairs were placed in the horizontal and vertical directions on the area of each coated fabric sensor before placing it inside the VARTM setup. The electrical resistances from all electrode pairs were simultaneously and continuously recorded during distinct stages of the VARTM process to determine the relative conductance. During the vacuum cycle, the range of relative conductance increased with the number of coated rGO layers, with the 5‐layer rGO‐coated sensor showing the highest conductance range of 16.9 %. Additionally, it was observed that the 5‐layer coated sensor showed a consistent decrease in conductance during the infusion phase due to the fluid flow pressure dominating the resin electrical conductivity. Most importantly, physical parameters such as infusion time, flow front location, race‐tracking and dry spots were monitored in‐situ.
Performance analysis of fractional‐order modified SRF PLL under grid abnormalities
Authors: Devi Oinam Lotika , Singh Alka 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article proposes two different structures of fractional‐order modified synchronous reference frame phase‐locked loop (MSRF PLL) and discusses their performance under different grid abnormalities. Phase‐locked loop (PLL) is a type of closed‐loop feedback control system that ensures phase and frequency coherence between its input and output signals. The basic synchronous reference frame phase‐locked loop (SRF‐PLL) is a conventional synchronization technique that is frequently employed in grid‐connected systems for power electronic converters. The SRF‐PLL offers rapid and precise phase/frequency detection under ideal grid environments. However, its performance is severely hampered under unbalanced and distorted grid environments. This paper discusses two new configurations of fractional‐order (FO) modified SRF (MSRF), one with fractional order only in additional low‐pass filter of first order (FO‐LP) and another fractional order in both first‐order low‐pass filter and PI (FO‐LPFO‐PI) of MSRF. These controllers are assembled using FOs “a” and “b” with limits as 0 < a < 2 and 0 < b < 2. The performance analysis of proposed FO MSRFs is done under grid abnormalities like voltage sag and swell, polluted grid supply, frequency change, phase change, and variables for dc offset. The outcomes of simulation are acquired using FO modeling and control (FOMCON) toolbox for MATLAB/SIMULINK, and the experimental results are validated with simulation results. A fair comparison among the MSRF‐PLL, FO‐LP MSRF‐PLL, and FO‐LPFO‐PI MSRF‐PLL is also depicted during grid abnormalities.
METTL14 promotes lipid metabolism reprogramming and sustains nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression via enhancing m6A modification of ANKRD22 mRNA
Authors: Li Lvyuan , Tang Qiling , Ge Junshang , Wang Dan , Mo Yongzhen , Zhang Yijie , Wang Yumin , Xiong Fang , Yan Qijia , Liao Qianjin , Guo Can , Wang Fuyan , Zhou Ming , Xiang Bo , Zeng Zhaoyang , Shi Lei , Chen Pan , Xiong Wei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification is essential for modulating RNA processing as well as expression, particularly in the context of malignant tumour progression. However, the exploration of m6A modification in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains very limited.MethodsRNA m6A levels were analysed in NPC using m6A dot blot assay. The expression level of methyltransferase‐like 14 (METTL14) within NPC tissues was analysed from public databases as well as RT‐qPCR and immunohistochemistry. The influences on METTL14 expression on NPC proliferation and metastasis were explored via in vitro as well as in vivo functional assays. Targeted genes of METTL14 were screened using the m6A and gene expression profiling microarray data. Actinomycin D treatment and polysome analysis were used to detect the half‐life and translational efficiency of ANKRD22. Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation were used to validate the role of ANKRD22 on lipid metabolism in NPC cells. ChIP‐qPCR analysis of H3K27AC signalling near the promoters of METTL14, GINS3, POLE2, PLEK2 and FERMT1 genes.ResultsWe revealed METTL14, in NPC, correlating with poor patient prognosis. In vitro and in vivo assays indicated METTL14 actively promoted NPC cells proliferation and metastasis. METTL14 catalysed m6A modification on ANKRD22 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), recognized by the reader IGF2BP2, leading to increased mRNA stability and higher translational efficiency. Moreover, ANKRD22, a metabolism‐related protein on mitochondria, interacted with SLC25A1 to enhance citrate transport, elevating intracellular acetyl‐CoA content. This dual impact of ANKRD22 promoted lipid metabolism reprogramming and cellular lipid synthesis while upregulating the expression of genes associated with the cell cycle (GINS3 and POLE2) and the cytoskeleton (PLEK2 and FERMT1) through heightened epigenetic histone acetylation levels in the nucleus. Intriguingly, our findings highlighted elevated ANKRD22‐mediated histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27AC) signals near the METTL14 promoter, which contributes to a positive feedback loop perpetuating malignant progression in NPC.ConclusionsThe identified METTL14‐ANKRD22‐SLC25A1 axis emerges as a promising therapeutic target for NPC, and also these molecules may serve as novel diagnostic biomarkers.
Chloroplast genome‐based genetic resources via genome skimming for the subalpine forests of Japan and adjacent regions
Authors: Worth James R. P. , Kikuchi Satoshi , Kanetani Seiichi , Takahashi Daiki , Aizawa Mineaki , Marchuk Elena A. , Choi Hyeok Jae , Polezhaeva Maria A. , Sheiko Viktor V. , Ueno Saneyoshi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Japanese subalpine zone is dominated by an ecologically important forest biome, subalpine coniferous forest, constituting a distinct assemblage of cold‐tolerant angiosperm and conifer species. While being relatively intact compared to other forest biomes in Japan, subalpine coniferous forests are under significant threat from deer browsing, global warming and small population size effects. However, there is a severe lack of genetic resources available for this biome's major constituent plant species. This study aimed to develop chloroplast genome‐based genetic resources for 12 widespread subalpine tree and shrub species (7 angiosperms and 5 conifers) via genome skimming of whole‐genomic DNA using short reads (100–150 bp in length). For 10 species, whole chloroplast genomes were assembled via de novo‐based methods from 4 to 10 individuals per species sampled from across their ranges in Japan and, for non‐Japanese endemic species, elsewhere in northeast Asia. A total of 566 single nucleotide polymorphisms for Japanese samples and 768 for all samples (varying from 2 to 202 per species) were identified which were distributed in geographically restricted lineages in most species. In addition, between 9 and 58 polymorphic simple sequence repeat regions were identified per species. For two Ericaceae species (Rhododendron brachycarpum and Vaccinium vitis‐idaea) characterised by large chloroplast genomes, de novo assembly failed, but single nucleotide polymorphisms could be identified using reference mapping. These data will be useful for genetic studies of species taxonomic relationships, investigating phylogeographic patterns within species, developing chloroplast‐based markers for conservation genetic studies and has potential application for studies of environmental and ancient DNA.
A shortfin mako shark circling a finless porpoise with damaged caudal fin
Authors: Okamura Taro , Tokunaga Soma , Ogawa Takaya , Yoda Ken 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResearch on predator–prey interactions between sharks and cetaceans remain limited. Here, we report on a video of a shortfin mako shark circling a finless porpoise with a damaged caudal fin in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. The finless porpoise was neither emaciated nor inactive, but unable to swim effectively due to the complete lack of a caudal fin. Some circumstantial evidence, including a bite mark on the porpoise's head, strongly suggests that the mako shark attacked it. Furthermore, the possible time difference between the two injuries the porpoise sustained may reflect the shark's hunting tactics. While mako sharks primarily feed on small fish and cephalopods, this observation suggests they also may prey on live cetaceans more often than previously thought.
Effects of 16 weeks of plyometric training on knee biomechanics during the landing phase in athletes
Authors: Bocheng Chen , Ziyan Ye , Jiaxin Wu , Wang Guoxiang , Tiancheng Yu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of plyometric training on lower‐limb muscle strength and knee biomechanical characteristics during the landing phase. Twenty‐four male subjects were recruited for this study with a randomised controlled design. They were randomly divided into a plyometric training group and a traditional training group and underwent training for 16 weeks. Each subject was evaluated every 8 weeks for knee and hip isokinetic muscle strength as well as knee kinematics and kinetics during landing. The results indicated significant group and time interaction effects for knee extension strength (F = 74.942 and p = 0.001), hip extension strength (F = 99.763 and p = 0.000) and hip flexion strength (F = 182.922 and p = 0.000). For landing kinematics, there were significant group main effects for knee flexion angle range (F = 4.429 and p = 0.047), significant time main effects for valgus angle (F = 6.502 and p = 0.011) and significant group and time interaction effects for internal rotation angle range (F = 5.475 and p = 0.008). The group main effect for maximum knee flexion angle was significant (F = 7.534 and p = 0.012), and the group and time interaction effect for maximum internal rotation angle was significant (F = 15.737 and p = 0.001). For landing kinetics, the group main effect of the loading rate was significant (F = 4.576 and p = 0.044). Significant group and time interaction effects were observed for knee extension moment at the moment of maximum vertical ground reaction force (F = 5.095 and p = 0.010) and for abduction moment (F = 8.250 and p = 0.001). These findings suggest that plyometric training leads to greater improvements in hip and knee muscle strength and beneficial changes in knee biomechanics during landing compared to traditional training.
Antigen/adjuvant‐free liposome induces adjuvant effects for enhancing cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Guo Qianqian , Xu Xiaoxuan , Lai Xiaojiang , Duan Jialin , Yan Dan , Wang Dangge 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCancer vaccines are promising to treat malignancy by delivering antigens and adjuvants to elicit host immunity. Beyond aluminum adjuvants, liposomes show efficient adjuvant effects through regulating the accumulation, internalization and release of payloads. However, it remains unknown that whether the liposome will perform intrinsic adjuvant effects in the absence of antigens and adjuvants. Herein, a library of antigen/adjuvant‐free liposomes with variable surface charges has been developed and it has been found that highly anionic liposomes show promising adjuvant effects for boosting immune responses. The anionic liposome mobilizes the MyD88 pathways of dendritic cells (DCs) to activate T helper cells and CD8+ T cells. The anionic liposomes enhance host immunity by regulating the population of Th1, Th2 and regulatory T cells (Tregs), and boost adaptive CD8+ T cells in lymphoid organs with good biosafety. It shows the most efficient protection against MC38 colorectal cancer in mice after a parallel injection of antigens and anionic liposomes. Overall, this study reveals that the surface charge of liposome affects its adjuvant efficiency and provides an anionic nanosized adjuvant formulation for enhancing immunization.
Direct synthesis of high quantum yield lead‐free CsCu2I3 powder in water and its application in yellow LED
Authors: Guo Heng , Shi Linlin , Shi Zengliang , He Yue , Zhu Yizhi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractYellow light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) with a wavelength of 570–590 nm can reduce the excitability of peripheral nerves and the sensitivity of the skin, stimulate collagen synthesis, and tighten the skin, which plays an important role in skin rejuvenation. In general, commercial LEDs are made of phosphor excited by ultraviolet chips. It is very important for the development of yellow light emitters with high luminous efficiency, good stability, and environmental protection. For the first time, a simple organic structural unit (2‐methylimidazole, 2‐MIM) was used to collect a mixture of two metal precursors (CsI and CuI) and successfully synthesized an all‐inorganic lead‐free yellow light CsCu2I3 powder in water. The prepared CsCu2I3 powder exhibited excellent optical properties and considerable stability. Finally, a phosphor‐converted LED (pc‐LED) device was fabricated via the CsCu2I3 phosphor coated on a 310 nm ultraviolet chip. The pc‐LED device's electroluminescence spectra may be a good fit for the blood's absorption regions. Therefore, this work provides a facile method for the synthesis of novel lead‐free metal halide CsCu2I3 powder in eco‐friendly solvents. In addition, the stable and efficient CsCu2I3 powder shows promising exciting potential applications in photoluminescence and phototherapy fields.
The role of testosterone and cortisol levels in nonsuicidal selfinjury in adolescents
Authors: Calvete Esther , Prieto‐Fildalgo Angel , Faura‐García Juan , Orue Izaskun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionNonsuicidal selfinjury (NSSI) is an important problem in adolescence, which is thought to serve several reinforcement functions (positive vs. negative, automatic vs. social). While the psychological mechanisms involved in NSSI are relatively well known, there is an important gap in the knowledge regarding the underlying biological mechanisms. This study examined the role of testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) in the frequency and reinforcement functions of NSSI.MethodsA total of 423 adolescents (age range = 13–17; 54.4% girls) from Basque Country (Spain) provided saliva samples to determine T and C levels and completed measures of NSSI 6 months later in 2017–2018.ResultsThe results showed that T but not C was significantly associated with higher NSSI frequency and the four types of NSSI functions. In addition, C moderated the predictive association between T and NSSI for automatic negative reinforcement, such that this association was significant only when C was high. Participant sex did not moderate any association between hormones and NSSI.ConclusionsThese preliminary results suggest that testosterone levels can affect NSSI behaviors in adolescence, thus helping to explain the increase in NSSI during this stage. Moreover, in situations in which NSSI serves to alleviate negative internal states, high levels of cortisol can be involved.
Apicolateral bulge: A potential mimic of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in a professional athlete—A case report and literature review
Authors: Allwood Richard P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSoccer is the most popular sport in the world, with over 265 million active players and approximately 0.05% professional players worldwide. The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) has made preparticipation screening recommendations which involve electrocardiography and echocardiography being performed prior to international competition. The aim of preparticipation cardiovascular screening in young athletes is to detect asymptomatic individuals with cardiovascular disease at risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). The incidence of SCD in young athletes (age≤ 35 years) is 0.6–3.6 in 100,000 persons/year, with most deaths due to cardiovascular causes. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is one of the leading causes of SCD in young athletes. It is a genetic disease characterized by progressive fibrofatty replacement of the myocardium with variable phenotypic expression. Exercise‐induced cardiac remodeling in conjunction with extensive T‐wave inversion raises concern for ARVC. This case report and literature review explores a potential mimic for ARVC, the role of cardiovascular screening in sport, and the use of a multimodality approach for risk stratification and management.
Client experiences with “Dynamic Choice Prevention,” a model for flexible patient‐centred HIV prevention delivery in rural Eastern Africa
Authors: Camlin Carol S. , Arunga Titus , Johnson‐Peretz Jason , Akatukwasa Cecilia , Atwine Fredrick , Onyango Angeline , Owino Lawrence , Kamya Moses R. , Petersen Maya L. , Chamie Gabriel , Kakande Elijah , Kabami Jane , Balzer Laura B. , Havlir Diane V. , Ayieko James 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionIdentifying the optimal approaches to offering HIV prevention to meet the needs of those at risk is a high priority, particularly given the expanding toolkit of biomedical HIV prevention options. An ongoing study in rural East African communities evaluated the uptake of choices in product, testing mode and location of care delivery through a structured patient‐centred HIV prevention delivery model. In this qualitative study, we sought to understand clients’ experiences of this “dynamic choice prevention model” (DCP) and highlight pathways of action to inform HIV prevention delivery models.MethodsIn‐depth semi‐structured interviews were conducted from November 2021 through March 2022 with a purposively selected sample of n = 56 participants in DCP trials (across outpatient departments, antenatal clinics and community settings), and n = 21 healthcare providers (total n = 77). A seven‐person multi‐regional team translated and inductively coded transcript data. We used a framework analysis approach to identify emergent themes.ResultsIndividuals taking up HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) reported feelings of relief, liberation from fears of acquiring HIV and satisfaction with being able to take action despite partners’ behaviours. Couples used a range of approaches afforded by the study to persuade partners to get tested and opt for PrEP. Post‐exposure prophylaxis (PEP) use was less common, although women welcomed it in the event of sexual coercion or assault. Participants discussed switching from PEP to PrEP after familiarizing themselves with usage and ascertaining ongoing risk. Participants felt respected by providers, trusted them and appreciated being able to contact them directly for telephone support. Prevention uptake was hindered by stigma, limited experience with and knowledge of prevention methods, gendered and generational power dynamics within intimate partnerships and families, and negative perceptions of methods due to the products themselves. Participants anticipated long‐acting injectable PrEP could solve their challenges regarding pill size, daily pill burden and the likelihood of unwanted disclosure.ConclusionsDiverse preferences and barriers to uptake of prevention require a choice of HIV prevention options, locations and delivery modalities—but in addition, flexible, competent and friendly care provision is crucial to promote uptake. Helping clients feel valued, and addressing their unique needs and challenges, enables their agency to prioritize their health.