bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Equatorward breaking Rossby waves over the North Atlantic and Mediterranean region in the ECMWF operational Ensemble Prediction System
Authors: Wiegand L. , Knippertz P. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe equatorward breaking of Rossby waves is a frequent feature of the synoptic‐scale circulation over the North Atlantic. It often creates upper‐level disturbances at low latitudes which can cause heavy precipitation in the Mediterranean region and Saharan dust outbreaks. The present study is the first to systematically explore the enormous dynamical information content of 12 years of data from the operational Ensemble Prediction System (EPS) of the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts for this particular atmospheric feature. Dynamical precursors, forecast quality and predictability are investigated using a range of verification and analysis tools based on potential vorticity (PV). The main conclusions from this work are: (i) the EPS shows an underdispersive behaviour in the subtropics during PV streamer events; (ii) there is a tendency for too weak Rossby wave breaking and therefore a northward shift of the streamers in the forecast; (iii) strong PV streamers in the medium‐range forecasts are preceded by an active wave train in the Subtropics, strongly positive PV anomalies in the Extratropics, and latent heating upstream of the PV streamer. There are no clear indications that blocking downstream is an important factor, in contrast to other studies. Analysis tools developed specifically for EPS data in this study such as ensemble correlation techniques could be applied to other atmospheric phenomena in the future.
Coupled initialization in an ocean–atmosphere tropical cyclone prediction system
Authors: Sandery Paul A. , O'Kane Terence J. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractA coupled ocean–atmosphere dynamical ensemble prediction system is used to study coupled initialization and bred cyclic modes in the case of Tropical Cyclone (TC) Yasi. Ocean initial perturbations are constructed to identify the fastest‐growing nonlinear modes in the ocean response to the TC. The ensemble provides a characterization of how initial and evolving dynamical ocean perturbations influence the coupled system through surface fluxes under extreme conditions. Results show how sea‐surface temperature perturbations project into atmospheric perturbations of pressure and moisture content within the storm environment. By calculating the local bred vector dimension for ocean‐surface velocity, we show that a low‐dimensional subspace forms along the track of TC Yasi. The iterative approach to coupled initialization used in this study generates cyclic modes that are embedded on to the dynamics of regions critical to the coupled ocean–atmosphere TC dynamics. The ensemble mean forecasted sea‐surface temperature and sea‐surface height associated with the ocean response is in better agreement with observations, despite the biases the coupled model inherits from its component models. Both model and observations reveal a twin cold core structure in the ocean wake of TC Yasi.
Robotic right colectomy using the Da Vinci Single‐Site® platform: case report
Authors: Morelli Luca , Guadagni Simone , Caprili Giovanni , Candio Giulio Di , Boggi Ugo , Mosca Franco 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundWhile single‐port laparoscopy for abdominal surgery is technically challenging, the Da Vinci Single‐Site® robotic surgery platform may help to overcome some of the difficulties of this rapidly evolving technique. The authors of this article present a case of single‐incision, robotic right colectomy using this device.MethodsA 74‐year‐old female with malignant polyp of caecum was operated on with a single‐site approach using the Da Vinci Single‐Site® robotic surgery device. Resection and anastomosis were performed extra‐corporeally after undocking the robot.ResultsThe procedure was successfully completed in 200 min. No surgical complications occurred during the intervention and the post‐operative stay and no conversion to laparotomy or additional trocars were required.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of right colectomy using the Da Vinci Single‐Site® robotic surgery platform to be reported. The procedure is feasible and safe and its main advantages are restoration of triangulation and reduced instrument clashes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Physical layer security in wireless smart grid
Authors: Wang Xin , Liang Qilian , Mu Jiasong , Wang Wei , Zhang Baoju 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe smart grid system is composed of the power infrastructure and communication infrastructure and thus is characterized by the flow of electric power and information, respectively. Although there is no doubt that the wireless communication architecture will play a significant role in smart grid, the wireless network introduces additional vulnerabilities, given the scale of potential threats. Therefore, the physical layer security issue is of first priority in the study of smart grid and has already attracted substantial attention in the industry and academia. In this paper, we aimed to present a general overview of the physical layer security in wireless smart grid and cover the effective countermeasures proposed in the literature of smart grid to date. We first investigate the security challenges from malicious attacks. Specifically, two typical forms of malicious attack in smart grid, namely, jamming and bad data injecting, are studied. In addition, the related countermeasures against these malicious attacks are illustrated. Further, we analyze the state of the art of the privacy issues in smart grid. The private information and privacy concerns are introduced, and then the effective solutions to privacy security are provided. Finally, voltage regulation, a security topic that has been hardly studied in the wireless smart grid domain, is presented. We expect that the work presented here will advance the research on smart grid security. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chirality‐Dependent Reactivity of Individual Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Liu Bilu , Jiang Hua , Krasheninnikov Arkady V. , Nasibulin Albert G. , Ren Wencai , Liu Chang , Kauppinen Esko I. , Cheng Hui‐Ming 
Published: March 2013

AbstractElectronic characteristics of a single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) strongly depend on minor variations in its atomic arrangement, specifically chirality. Therefore, precise control over nanotube chirality is highly desired for their application. Theoretically, SWCNTs with different structures have different chemical reactivities, which can be further used for their chirality selection. Here, an approach is developed to examine the relationship between the chirality of SWCNTs and their intrinsic chemical reactivity. By oxidizing individual, high‐quality, suspended SWCNTs and using the nanobeam electron diffraction technique, it is shown that the reactivity of SWCNTs to O2 is intricately related to their diameters, metallicity, and chiral angles. In particular, even minor differences in chiral angles lead to big differences in their reactivity, which concords with first‐principles calculations. Based on the experimental observations, a chirality‐dependent reactivity sequence is constructed for SWCNTs. These findings shed light on effective chiral separation of SWCNTs for their practical application in many fields.
Clarifying the Differences between Training, Development, and Enrichment: The Role of Institutional Belief Constructs in Creating the Purpose of Faculty Learning Initiatives
Authors: Stabile Christopher , Ritchie William F. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractMany training issues arise as a matter of course at colleges and universities that are intended to bring greater efficiencies and compliance with preestablished operational guidelines. While vital, these issues are distinctively different from the issues surrounding professional development of the faculty. This chapter addresses those differences.
First trimester two‐ and four‐dimensional cardiac scan: intra‐ and interobserver agreement, comparison between methods and benefits of color Doppler technique
Authors: Tudorache S. , Cara M. , Iliescu D. G. , Novac L. , Cernea N. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate intra‐ and interobserver agreement for first‐trimester fetal cardiac structural assessment, using two‐dimensional (2D) ultrasound (2D‐US) and 4D‐US (4D spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) technology), to compare the methods and to assess the advantages of adding color Doppler to each technique.MethodsDigital videoclips (B‐mode and color Doppler) and 4D‐STIC volumes (gray‐scale and color Doppler) from 632 pregnancies with normal fetal hearts were acquired and stored at the time of detailed first‐trimester ultrasound examination. Later analysis on a randomized sample of 100 cases was performed, targeting 11 cardiac structures and features. We compared visualization of fetal heart parameters using 2D‐US vs 4D‐US and gray‐scale vs color Doppler imaging.ResultsSTIC volumes were considered satisfactory (adequate visualization of at least 8/11 parameters) in 78% of cases and 2D‐US acquisitions in 89% of cases. The intra‐ and interobserver agreement was good for both 2D and 4D methods (kappa > 0.6), and the percentage overall agreement was very high using both methods (95%). 2D‐ and 4D‐US identification of the fetal cardiac parameters did not differ significantly. The differences between gray‐scale and color Doppler imaging were statistically significant in identifying similar key cardiac parameters, for both 2D‐ and 4D‐US (P < 0.05).ConclusionBoth 2D and 4D methods for assessing first‐trimester heart parameters are feasible and repeatable within and between observers. Color Doppler adds valuable information to both methods. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Partitioning a regional groundwater flow system into shallow local and deep regional flow compartments
Authors: Goderniaux Pascal , Davy Philippe , Bresciani Etienne , de Dreuzy Jean‐Raynald , Le Borgne Tanguy 
Published: March 2013

Key Points
This work studies the groundwater flow structure as a function of recharge in 3D
A two‐compartment model quantifies local and regional transfers
Partitioning of recharge and volumes associated to both compartments are studied
Cs3UP2S8, a Coordination Polymer Containing the Unprecedented [U=S]2+ Sulfidouranium(2+) Moiety
Authors: Neuhausen Christine , Panthöfer Martin , Tremel Wolfgang 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAlthough terminal chalcogeno ligands are well known for the group 5 and 6 transition metals, they are highly unusual for the oxophilic group 4 metals and unknown so far for the lanthanides or actinides. Cs3UP2S8, is the first actinide compound containing a terminal M=S group. It was synthesized by reacting uranium metal, Cs2S, S, and P2S5 in a 4:1:8:3 ratio at 700 °C in an eutectic LiCl/CsCl mixture. The crystal structure was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction techniques. Cs3UP2S8 crystallizes in the rhombohedral space group R$\bar{3}$ [a = 15.5217(8) Å; c = 35.132(2) Å, V = 8305.0(8) Å3, Z = 18]. The crystal structure is based on a tetrahedral network type, wherein the uranium atoms are coordinated by a unusual sulfido moiety and thiophosphate groups in a pseudo‐tetrahedral fashion. The U=S distance of 2.635(3) Å observed in the sulfide moiety is approx. 0.2 Å shorter than the average U–S single bond length, indicating a double‐bond type character.
Shear and Rapeseed Oil Addition Affect the Crystal Polymorphic Behavior of Milk Fat
Authors: Kaufmann Niels , Kirkensgaard Jacob J. K. , Andersen Ulf , Wiking Lars 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe effect of shear on the crystallization kinetics of anhydrous milk fat (AMF) and blends with 20 and 30 % w/w added rapeseed oil (RO) was studied. Pulse 1H NMR was used to follow the α to β′ polymorphic transition. The NMR method was confirmed and supported by SAXS/WAXS experiments. Samples were crystallized at 5 °C and shear of 0, 74 or 444 s−1 was applied during early crystallization, in the NMR tube. High shear rates decreased the amount of α polymorph formed and accelerated the polymorphic transition; however, shear did not affect the final solid fat content (SFC). The α to β′ transition occurred faster in the presence of RO allowing more room for the conformational changes to occur. Final SFC decreased with increasing RO content. Shear applied in 20 and 30 % blends caused the destruction of β′‐related 3L structure leaving only 2L packing. In AMF and statically crystallized samples, both 3L and 2L packing existed. Shear did not affect the amount of β crystals formed. The study shows that both shear and RO affect the polymorphic behavior of milk fat, and that 1H NMR is able to detect polymorphic transition in blends with up to 30 % w/w RO.
Characteristics of responders and non-responders to risperidone monotherapy or placebo in co-occurring bipolar disorder and anxiety disorder
Authors: Seo J.S. , Jamieson K. , Cosgrove V. , Gwizdowski I.S. , Yang H. , Sheehan D.V. , McElroy S.L. , Suppes T. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractClinical characteristics predicting response and remission to psychopharmacological treatment of bipolar disorder (BD) and co-occurring anxiety disorders have been understudied. We hypothesized that non-response to risperidone or placebo in individuals with co-occurring BD and anxiety symptoms would be associated with a more severe clinical course of BD, and certain demographic variables. This study was a secondary analysis of a randomized, double-blind, parallel, 8-week study comparing risperidone monotherapy and placebo in individuals with BD plus current panic disorder, current generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), or lifetime panic disorder (n= 111) [31]. We compared clinical characteristics of responders (50% improvement on the Hamilton Anxiety Scale [HAM-A]) and non-responders as well as remitters (HAM-A < 7) and non-remitters in risperidone treatment (n= 54) and placebo (n= 57) groups. For non-responders in the risperidone group, co-occurring lifetime panic disorder was significantly more common than for non-responders in the placebo group. Apart from this, no significant differences in course of illness or demographics were found either between or across groups for patients with BD and co-occurring anxiety symptoms receiving risperidone or placebo in this acute phase study.
The self‐rated Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology for screening prenatal depression
Authors: Brunoni André R. , Benute Gláucia R.G. , Fráguas Renério , Santos Niraldo O. , Francisco Rossana P.V. , de Lucia Mara C.S. , Zugaib Marcelo 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo examine whether the self‐reported version of the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (IDS‐SR), which is used for major depression, is a reliable tool for screening and assessment of prenatal depression.MethodsBetween June 2006 and July 2008, pregnant women attending a teaching hospital in São Paulo, Brazil, completed the Portuguese version of the IDS‐SR. Trained psychologists diagnosed depression via the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders questionnaire, which is based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV.ResultsOf 543 participants, 60 (11%) were diagnosed with depression. The Cronbach α of the IDS‐SR was 0.89, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.8. The IDS‐SR cutoff score at 30 gave a sensitivity and specificity of 78% and 76%, respectively, for diagnosis of prenatal depression. Exploratory and confirmatory analyses revealed a 2‐factor structure for the IDS‐SR, characterized by symptoms of “mood/cognition” and “irritability/anxiety/pain”.ConclusionThe IDS‐SR gave satisfactory internal consistency and accuracy for diagnosing prenatal depression, showing that it can improve early diagnosis and treatment of this condition, thereby minimizing the burden. In addition, a 2‐factor model was found to account for depressive symptomatology during pregnancy, which will be useful for developing further depression subscales specific to prenatal depression.
Reliability of manual and semi‐automated measurements of nuchal translucency by experienced operators
Authors: Pruksanusak Ninlapa , Pranpanus Savitree , Suwanrath Chitkasaem , Kor‐anantakul Ounjai , Suntharasaj Thitima , Hanprasertpong Tharangrut , Liabsuetrakul Tippawan 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo compare intra‐/inter‐operator reliability of manual and semi‐automated NT measurement by experienced operators.MethodsImages of 103 fetuses at 11 to 13 + 6 weeks were selected. Two operators performed NT measurement independently 3 times each using both manual and semi‐automated methods. Intraoperator reliability of the methods was evaluated using ICCs; interoperator reliability was assessed via correlation between the means of the 3 measurements of each operator. Agreement between the 2 methods was evaluated via Bland–Altman plot.ResultsICCs for the manual method were 0.80 (95% CI, 0.73–0.85) for operator 1 and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.76–0.87) for operator 2; ICCs for the semi‐automated method were 0.80 (95% CI, 0.74–0.85) for operator 1 and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.76–0.86) for operator 2. Interoperator reliability for both methods was high: correlation coefficients 0.91 (95% CI, 0.87–0.94) and 0.96 (95% CI, 0.94–0.97) for manual and semi‐automated methods, respectively. Mean NT measured by manual and semi‐automated methods was 1.15 mm and 1.28 mm, respectively (P < 0.001). Agreement between the methods was good.ConclusionThe reliability of semi‐automated NT measurements was comparable to that of the manual method. The new method was reproducible and may be used instead of the manual method in the normal range of NT.
Strengthening Information Capture in Rehabilitation Discharge Summaries: An Application of the Siebens Domain Management Model
Authors: Kim Woojae , Charchian Beny , Chang Eric Y. , Liang Li‐Jung , Dumas Armen J. , Perez Mario , Siebens Hilary C. , Kim Hyung S. 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveTo increase relevant information capture in inpatient rehabilitation discharge summaries.DesignIn July 2008, the Siebens Domain Management Model (SDMM) was incorporated into discharge summaries. This model organizes patients' health‐related issues into 4 domains: I. Medical/Surgical Issues, II. Mental Status/Emotions/Coping, III. Physical Function, and IV. Living Environment (© Hilary C. Siebens MD 2005). Discharge summary content was measured through retrospective chart review.SettingAn inpatient rehabilitation unit affiliated with a physical medicine and rehabilitation residency program.ParticipantsForty cases with discharge summaries: 20 traditional reports (historic controls) and 20 SDMM reports after model introduction randomly chosen from residents' final inpatient rotation week.MethodsA documentation review form included 36 items that covered the 4 SDMM domains and assessed item presence in reports. The Global score and 4 Domain scores per each patient report were calculated to reflect the percentage of items present in the entire report and each domain, respectively. Descriptive statistics for these scores were generated and compared between traditional and SDMM reports by using a 2‐group t‐test.Main Outcome MeasurementsGlobal scores and Domain scores.ResultsGlobal scores increased from 34% to 53% of items present in traditional versus SDMM reports respectively (P < .001); Domain Scores also increased in domains I (81% to 92%, P = .047), II (9% to 47%, P < .001), III (25% to 34%, P = .062), and IV (11% to 33%, P < .001).ConclusionTraditional rehabilitation discharge summaries lacked information relevant to rehabilitation care. Information capture and total relevant report content increased significantly after SDMM integration into reports.
Activity stages and tectonic division in the Kuznetsk Basin, Southern Siberia
Authors: Novikov I.S. , Cherkas O.V. , Mamedov G.M. , Simonov Yu.G. , Simonova T.Yu. , Nastavko V.G. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The fault system reflected in the topography and structure of Cenozoic cover sediments in the Kuznetsk Basin is mostly recent. The positions of recent faults match those of Paleozoic and Mesozoic disjunctive dislocations only at the Kuznetsk Alatau and the Salair Range boundaries. These marginal features are associated with the greatest amplitudes of vertical movements in recent time: 80–100 m; less frequently, up to 250 m in the north and within 600 m in the south. The recent disjunctive dislocations are generally fractured zones from 300 to 2000 m in width, which were occupied by watercourses during the formation of the erosion valley system. Except for marginal recent tectonic bodies, vertical movements along the majority of recent faults do not exceed 5–10 m, reaching 30–70 m at the boundaries of recent tectonic regions and subregions. There is no reliable evidence of notable horizontal movements. For particular bodies, it is conjectured to be within 300–700 m by analogy with other regions of the Altai–Sayan folded area.
The recent fault pattern can be interpreted as a result of crushing by submeridional compression with a slight right slip. The types of recent tectonic activity are different in different areas of the depression. The smallest uplift is recorded in the north of the basin, where the elevations of the Late Cretaceous peneplain are within 300 m, being within 230–250 m in the near-Salair subregion. This points to an insignificant downwarping in this area. Vertical movements along recent faults within the region are small, and the most intense movements are at its boundary. The central region is slightly elevated with reference to the northern one, and the elevation of its planation surface is within 300–380 m. It is characterized by differentiated movements along block boundaries with amplitudes reaching 60–70 m. The maximum activity occurred in the southern region. The elevations of its Late Cretaceous peneplain vary from 400 to 600 m. This region is characterized by notable vertical movements along block boundaries in the form of straight tectonic scarps and valleys. The northern and central regions constitute the present-day Kuznetsk intermontane depression, whereas the southern region belongs to the periphery of the mountainous framing of the Kuznetsk Depression.
An experimental study of photoresist material etching by an atmospheric-pressure plasma jet with Ar/air mixed gas
Authors: WANG LIJUN , NING WENJUN , FU MINGZHENG , WU CHEN , JIA SHENLI 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIn this paper, electrical and optical emission spectrometer (OES) characteristics of an Ar/air atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (APPJ) based on the plasma needle and plasma pencil systems were investigated and analyzed. Electrical measurement results showed that the breakdown and working voltage of the jet increased with the increase of the ratio of air/Ar, and the emission intensity of Ar* significantly decreased. For the plasma needle, when the ratio of air/Ar reached 1, the OES characteristics of Ar/air were similar to those of air plasma, and the main excited species was N2*. For the plasma pencil, when a little air impurity was added in Ar, the emission intensities of N2* species will be significantly increased. Based on these two APPJ systems, photoresist materials were etched, etched results showed that the etched surface was easier to be oxidized with the addition of air into Ar. The etched surface was cleaner with pure Ar plasma with scanning substrate methods than that with the Ar/air mixture. Etched results of higher ratios of air/Ar plasma were similar to those of air plasma.