bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CCR20th Anniversary Commentary: From Regulatory T Cells to Checkpoint Monoclonal Antibodies—Immuno-oncology Advances Clinical Cancer Research
Authors: Wolf Dominik , Wolf Anna Maria 
Published: June 2015

AbstractImmune escape is a hallmark of cancer development and metastasis. Regulatory T cells (Treg) are potent inhibitors of cancer immune surveillance but also prevent inflammation-driven tumorigenesis. The study by Wolf and colleagues, which was published in the February 2003 issue of Clinical Cancer Research, showed the expansion of Treg in solid cancer patients, providing a deeper understanding of cancer immune escape mechanisms that later set the stage for the development of scientific breakthroughs in cancer immunotherapy. Clin Cancer Res; 21(12); 2657–9. ©2015 AACR.See related article by Wolf et al., Clin Cancer Res 2003;9(2) Feb 2003;606–12
“Vertical” Inhibition of HER2 Yields Horizontal Gains in the Clinic
Authors: Sledge George W. , Pegram Mark D. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
HER2-targeted therapy has moved beyond trastuzumab to include other monoclonals targeting the cell surface, receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors of HER2, and antibody–drug conjugates. Afatinib, a small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, now joins the ranks of HER2-targeting agents in combination with trastuzumab. The combination brings new opportunities and challenges. Clin Cancer Res; 21(12); 2663–5. ©2015 AACR.
See related article by Ring et al., p. 2737
Resistance exercise improves muscle strength, health status and pain intensity in fibromyalgia—a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Larsson Anette , Palstam Annie , Löfgren Monika , Ernberg Malin , Bjersing Jan , Bileviciute-Ljungar Indre , Gerdle Björn , Kosek Eva , Mannerkorpi Kaisa 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by persistent widespread pain, increased pain sensitivity and tenderness. Muscle strength in women with FM is reduced compared to healthy women. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a progressive resistance exercise program on muscle strength, health status, and current pain intensity in women with FM.

Methods
A total of 130 women with FM (age 22–64 years, symptom duration 0–35 years) were included in this assessor-blinded randomized controlled multi-center trial examining the effects of progressive resistance group exercise compared with an active control group. A person-centred model of exercise was used to support the participants’ self-confidence for management of exercise because of known risks of activity-induced pain in FM. The intervention was performed twice a week for 15 weeks and was supervised by experienced physiotherapists. Primary outcome measure was isometric knee-extension force (Steve Strong®), secondary outcome measures were health status (FIQ total score), current pain intensity (VAS), 6MWT, isometric elbow-flexion force, hand-grip force, health related quality of life, pain disability, pain acceptance, fear avoidance beliefs, and patient global impression of change (PGIC). Outcomes were assessed at baseline and immediately after the intervention. Long-term follow up comprised the self-reported questionnaires only and was conducted after 13–18 months. Between-group and within-group differences were calculated using non-parametric statistics.

Results
Significant improvements were found for isometric knee-extension force (p = 0.010), health status (p = 0.038), current pain intensity (p = 0.033), 6MWT (p = 0.003), isometric elbow flexion force (p = 0.02), pain disability (p = 0.005), and pain acceptance (p = 0.043) in the resistance exercise group (n = 56) when compared to the control group (n = 49). PGIC differed significantly (p = 0.001) in favor of the resistance exercise group at post-treatment examinations. No significant differences between the resistance exercise group and the active control group were found regarding change in self-reported questionnaires from baseline to 13–18 months.

Conclusions
Person-centered progressive resistance exercise was found to be a feasible mode of exercise for women with FM, improving muscle strength, health status, and current pain intensity when assessed immediately after the intervention.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identification number: NCT01226784, Oct 21, 2010.
Wnt and Notch signaling pathway involved in wound healing by targeting c-Myc and Hes1 separately
Authors: Shi Yan , Shu Bin , Yang Ronghua , Xu Yingbin , Xing Bangrong , Liu Jian , Chen Lei , Qi Shaohai , Liu Xusheng , Wang Peng , Tang Jinming , Xie Julin 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Wnt and Notch signaling pathways are critically involved in relative cell fate decisions within the development of cutaneous tissues. Moreover, several studies identified the above two pathways as having a significant role during wound healing. However, their biological effects during cutaneous tissues repair are unclear.

Methods
We employed a self-controlled model (Sprague–Dawley rats with full-thickness skin wounds) to observe the action and effect of Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signalings in vivo. The quality of wound repair relevant to the gain/loss-of-function Wnt/β-catenin and Notch activation was estimated by hematoxylin-and-eosin and Masson staining. Immunofluorescence analysis and Western blot analysis were used to elucidate the underlying mechanism of the regulation of Wnt and Notch signaling pathways in wound healing. Meanwhile, epidermal stem cells (ESCs) were cultured in keratinocyte serum-free medium with Jaggedl or in DAPT (N-[(3,5-difluorophenyl)acetyl]-L-alanyl-2-phenyl]glycine-1,1-dimethylethyl) to investigate whether the interruption of Notch signaling contributes to the expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

Results
The results showed that in vivo the gain-of-function Wnt/β-catenin and Notch activation extended the ability to promote wound closure. We further determined that activation or inhibition of Wnt signaling and Notch signaling can affect the proliferation of ESCs, the differentiation and migration of keratinocytes, and follicle regeneration by targeting c-Myc and Hes1, which ultimately lead to enhanced or delayed wound healing. Furthermore, Western blot analysis suggested that the two pathways might interact in vivo and in vitro.

Conclusion
These results suggest that Wnt and Notch signalings play important roles in cutaneous repair by targeting c-Myc and Hes1 separately. What’s more, interaction between the above two pathways might act as a vital role in regulation of wound healing.
The use of nasal packing post rhinoplasty: Does it increase periorbital ecchymosis? A prospective study
Authors: Al Arfaj Ahmed M. 
Published: June 2015

Background Periorbital edema and ecchymosis following rhinoplasty is disturbing for both the patients and their surgeons. The study aim was to determine whether nasal packing after lateral osteotomies in rhinoplasty surgery increases the risk of periorbital ecchymosis post-operatively. Methods This was a prospective self-controlled single-blinded study. Seventy four patients who underwent rhinoplasty with bilateral lateral osteotomies by a single surgeon were enrolled in the study. Nasal cavity packing for one side was done while the other side was left unpacked. Periorbital ecchymosis was evaluated by the operating surgeon and a separate surgeon who is unaware of the packing side separately on the first, fourth and seventh day post-operatively. A 4-grade scale was utilized to assess the ecchymosis with grade 4 being the most severe. Results Nasal packing was found to significantly increase the severity and duration of periorbital ecchymosis post rhinoplasty. While no difference was observed between the packed and unpacked sides on the first post-operative day, significant difference was noted on the 4th day (mean score 2.36 and 1.15 for the packed and unpacked sides, respectively) and on the 7th day after surgery in favor of the unpacked side (score 1.24 and 0.61 for the packed and unpacked sides, respectively). Conclusion We advise against the routine use of nasal packing in rhinoplasty unless necessary as it contributes to worsen the periorbital ecchymosis from lateral osteotomies and thereby increases the patients’ “down time” after surgery.
Completion thyroidectomy: Predicting bilateral disease
Authors: Ibrahim Badr , Forest Véronique-Isabelle , Hier Michael , Mlynarek Alex M. , Caglar Derin , Payne Richard J. 
Published: June 2015

Introduction It is not uncommon for patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules to undergo diagnostic hemithyroidectomy. When the final pathology determines that the nodule is in fact malignant, patients require counseling as to the whether a completion thyroidectomy is necessary. Objectives Determine the incidence of well differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC) in the contralateral thyroid lobe in patients undergoing completion thyroidectomy. Identify features of the malignant tumor in the initial resection that increase the likelihood of malignancy in the contralateral lobe. Methods Retrospective chart review of 97 patients who underwent hemithyroidectomy and completion thyroidectomy in a university's teaching hospital network between 2006 and 2012. Pathology reports from both surgeries as well as patient and thyroid nodule characteristics were reviewed. Results Of the 97 patients, 47 (48 %) had a malignancy in the contralateral lobe. In the contralateral lobe, 42/47 (89 %) of malignancies were papillary microcarcinomas (PMC) and 15/42 (36 %) of the PMC were multifocal. Multifocal malignancies in the initial specimen had a 60 % rate of contralateral malignancy and were found to be a predictor of bilateral disease ( p = 0.04) with OR = 2.74 (95 % CI: 1.11–6.79; p = 0.003) in WDTC and OR = 3.59 (95 % CI:1.35 9.48; p = 0.01) in papillary cancer specifically. There was no statistical significant correlation established for the following variables: presence of positive cervical nodes, extrathyroidal extension, positive resection margins, size and angio-lymphatic invasion. Moreover, there was no statistical correlation between any of the variants of papillary thyroid cancer and bilateral disease, even though most aggressive subtypes were found to be bilateral. Conclusion In this study, the rate of malignancy in the contralateral lobe was 48 %. Multifocality and presence of an aggressive subtype of papillary thyroid cancer in the initial specimen were found to be more important variables to consider in decision-making regarding completion thyroidectomy than size of the initial tumor alone.
Identification of carbon-based black pigments in four South American polychrome wooden sculptures by Raman microscopy
Authors: Tomasini Eugenia P , Gómez Blanca , Halac Emilia B , Reinoso María , Di Liscia Emiliano J , Siracusano Gabriela , Maier Marta S 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Introduction
Carbon-based pigments are a group of dark-colored materials, which are classified according to the starting material used and their manufacturing process. Raman spectroscopy is an ideal technique for the identification of carbonaceous matter. Carbon-based pigments show broad bands between 1,300 and 1,600 cm−1 but they differ in position, width and relative intensity, allowing discrimination between them. The aim of the present study was the identification of carbon-based pigments in four polychrome wooden sculptures from the Jesuit Mission La Trinidad in Paraguay.

Results
Analysis of the Raman spectral parameters of the polychrome samples and comparison with those of carbon-based pigment references allowed the identification of wood charcoal, lampblack, bistre and a black earth pigment. Complementary analysis by infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis supported the assignments.

Conclusions
In this study we have provided new evidence that Raman microscopy is a powerful technique for the discrimination of carbon-based pigments in works of art. This is the first time that bistre, lampblack and a black earth pigment are identified in colonial art. The chemical information obtained on the black pigments contributed to increase our knowledge on available resources and technology used in the manufacture of the polychrome sculptures at the Jesuit Mission. This information is relevant for our studies on Colonial art.
Effect of Amine Surface Density on CO2 Adsorption Behaviors of Amine-Functionalized Polystyrene
Authors: Jo Dong Hyun , Lee Chang Hun , Jung Hyunchul , Jeon Sunbin , Kim Sung Hyun 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Ethylenediamine was grafted onto a polystyrene surface to study the relationship between amine density and amine efficiency. Amine-tethered polystyrene was synthesized in two steps: (1) chloromethylation and (2) amination. The products were characterized by argentometry, N2 physisorption, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The amine efficiency declined drastically when the amine density was less than 1 amine molecule per nm2, because formation of ammonium carbamate is difficult under such conditions. A double-functionalization method was introduced to improve the CO2 uptake and amine efficiency of the amine-grafted sorbent by impregnating more amino groups into the porous structure. The combination of grafted and mobile amino groups led to a synergic effect, resulting in a CO2 uptake of up to 20.2 wt % at 30 °C and 1 bar CO2. It was concluded that double-functionalization with tetraethylenepentamine was advantageous for enhancing the amine efficiency, whereas double-functionalization with polyethyleneimine was advantageous for enhancing the cyclic stability of the sorbent.
A randomised study of NPWT closure versus alginate dressings in peri-vascular groin infections: quality of life, pain and cost
Authors: Monsen C. , Acosta S. , Mani K. , Wann-Hansson C. 
Published: June 2015

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the vacuum assisted wound closure (VAC) system (negative pressure wound therapy; NPWT) and alginate wound dressings in terms of quality of life (QoL), pain resource use and cost in patients with deep peri-vascular groin infection after vascular surgery. Method: Patients with deep peri-vascular groin infection (Szilagyi grade III) were included and randomised to NPWT or alginate therapy. EuroQol 5D (EQ-5D) and brief pain inventory (BPI) were used to evaluate QoL and pain, respectively. Results: Wound healing time until complete skin epithelialisation was shorter in the NPWT (n=9) compared to the alginate group (n=7), median 57 and 104 days, respectively (p=0.026). No difference was recorded in QoL and pain between the groups at study start and the second assessment. QoL analysis within groups between time points, showed that patients in NPWT groups improved in EQ-5D domains, ‘self-care’ (p= 0.034), ‘usual activities’ (p=0.046); EQ-5D index value (p=0.046) and EQ-VAS (p=0.028). Patients in the NPWT group reported significantly less pain ‘affecting their relations with other people’ and ‘sleep’ between time points. The NPWT group had significantly fewer dressing changes compared to the alginate group (p<0.001). The median frequency of wound dressing changes outside hospital was 20 (IQR 6–29) in the NPWT group (n=9), compared to 48 (IQR 42–77) in the alginate group (n=8; p=0.004). The saved personnel time for wound care in the first week for the NPWT group, compared with the alginate group, was 4.5 hours per week per nurse. The total hospitalised care cost was 83–87% of the total cost in both groups. Conclusion: NPWT therapy in patients with deep peri-vascular groin infection can be regarded as the dominant strategy due to improved clinical outcome with equal cost and quality of life measures.
Outcomes for split-thickness skin transplantation in high-risk patients using octenidine
Authors: Matiasek J. , Djedovic G. , Unger L. , Beck H. , Mattesich M. , Pierer G. , Koller R. , Rieger U.M. 
Published: June 2015

Skin transplantation is a commonly used surgical technique; however, the complication rate, including postoperative infection and delayed wound healing due to inefficient perfusion, is significantly higher in patients suffering from comorbidities. Hence, a subsequent repeat procedure is often necessary. In this report, two case studies are presented in which an octenidine-based antiseptic is used with a tie-over dressing (TOD) instead of povidone iodine (PVP-iodine), following a split-thickness skin graft. The two patients selected were deemed to be at high risk of impaired wound healing due to comorbidities. The first patient, a confirmed smoker with diabetes, presented with a nodular melanoma that was resected and covered with a split-thickness skin graft. After 5 days of negative pressure wound therapy as a TOD, in combination with PVP-iodine, the graft became necrotic. A second split-thickness skin graft was performed and an antiseptic regimen with octenidine in combination with the same TOD resulted in a completely healed transplant. The second patient, also a confirmed smoker with diabetes and receiving oral corticosteroid treatment, was diagnosed with a skin necrosis on her leg. Following the split-thickness skin graft, octenidine and TOD were applied. The patient's skin graft completely healed without any adverse events. These two case studies indicate that the combination of octenidine and TOD following split-thickness skin transplantation is safe, well-tolerated and appears to have positive benefits in the reconstruction of defects in patients with impaired wound healing.
Planejamento, condução e análise do método de avaliação de uma disciplina do curso de engenharia de produção fundamentada na aprendizagem baseada em problemas
Authors: Pinto Camila Pereira , Scheidegger Anna Paula Galvão , Gaudêncio Juliana Helena Daroz , Turrioni João Batista 
Published: June 2015

Em um mercado altamente competitivo, as empresas necessitam de recursos humanos cada vez mais qualificados, em especial no que se refere à Engenharia. As Universidades desempenham, pois, um papel importante, ao formar os futuros profissionais do país. No entanto, nesta tarefa, as Instituições deparam-se com o desafio de atrair e trabalhar com jovens da Geração Y, que apresentam anseios não mais atendidos apenas pelos métodos tradicionais de ensino. A Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP) é uma abordagem que visa estudar e desenvolver alternativas de ensino que atendam às exigências das empresas, bem como o novo perfil de estudantes. Além disso, ensinar ativamente por si só não é uma tarefa simples e torna-se mais complexa quando é preciso avaliar o conhecimento adquirido através desse método. Deste modo, este trabalho busca apresentar o planejamento, a condução e o método de avaliação adotado em uma disciplina de Engenharia de Produção na Universidade Federal de Itajubá fundamentada na ABP. Para isso, adotou-se o método de pesquisa-ação, onde os autores participaram ativamente das etapas da disciplina, atuando como facilitadores no planejamento, implementação e monitoramento desta e do método de avaliação adotado. Como resultados, destacam-se os benefícios alcançados pelos envolvidos através do ensino ativo, bem como os pontos fortes e fracos do método. Além disso, propõem-se melhorias para futuras disciplinas.
Application of aluminosilicates for mitigation of ammonia and volatile organic compound emissions from poultry manure
Authors: Opaliński Sebastian , Korczyński Mariusz , Szołtysik Marek , Dobrzański Zbigniew , Kołacz Roman 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Odor mitigation techniques are widely investigated due to the problem of odor nuisance generated by intensive livestock production. The goal of this research was to investigate the use of aluminosilicate sorbents as filter packs in the air scrubber ODOR1, which enables cleaning of air inside the livestock building. The following sorbents were examined: raw halloysite, roasted halloysite, activated halloysite, raw bentonite, roasted bentonite and expanded vermiculite. The experiment was conducted in chambers where poultry manure was placed, the time of air treatment was 24 hours. A manual SPME (solid-phase microextraction) holder with DVB/Carboxen/PDMS fiber was used for extraction of odor compounds, and analyses were carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Ammonia concentrations were determined according to Polish standards (Nessler method) using a spectrophotometer. It was found that all examined aluminosilicates had the potential for removal of ammonia as well as 24 volatile compounds emitted from poultry manure. The highest efficiency was noted for activated halloysite (81%) and roasted bentonite (84%) in the case of ammonia and odors, respectively. Despite the limitations of the study, the results showed the effectiveness of the air scrubber packed with aluminosilicates for the reduction of volatile odorous compounds in the air of livestock buildings.
“Wicked” women in contemporary pop culture: “bad” language and gender in Weeds, Nurse Jackie, and Saving Grace
Authors: Bednarek Monika 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In this article I discuss “wicked” women in contemporary pop culture, analyzing the language of the “heroines,” or protagonists, of three popular American television series: Weeds, Nurse Jackie, and Saving Grace. All feature female characters who are “flawed” in some way and can be described as “non-conforming,” since they engage in behavior that would be socially and morally condemned – they deal in drugs (Weeds), are addicted to pills (Nurse Jackie), or are alcoholics (Saving Grace). While this has attracted some comment in the mainstream media, such comments are not based on any empirical research and have tended to center on these women’s behavior. In contrast, the approach taken here focuses on their linguistic practices, in particular their use of “bad language,” including taboo words and swearing. The analyses show that all three female protagonists challenge stereotypical expectations about appropriate “feminine” behavior for white heterosexual Anglo-American women through their use of “bad language,” while the impact of such cultural representations depends on a range of factors.
INVESTIGACIÓN CURRICULAR: CONCEPTOS, ALCANCES Y PROYECCIONES EN INSTITUCIONES DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR
Authors: Rodríguez Rafael Rodríguez 
Published: June 2015

<p>La investigación curricular, como una disciplina que surge en el marco innovativo de las nuevas tendencias educativas, curriculares y pedagógicas, exige, en el entorno de la Gestión de la Investigación, un desarrollo y un análisis de los conceptos que relaciona, los componentes que articula y los procesos que lleva a cabo. Se desarrollan en el presente trabajo los momentos de contextualización, la conceptualización curricular, la relación currículo-investigación, la investigación curricular propiamente dicha, a través del porqué, el para qué, el cómo, y el<br />cuando de los fenómenos que se realizan en los procesos formativos, para nuestro caso, de manera particular en la educación superior.</p>
EVALUACIÓN DE LAS CAPACIDADES FÍSICAS CONDICIONALES EN JÓVENES BOGOTANOS APLICABLE EN ESPACIOS Y CONDICIONES LIMITADAS
Authors: Gutiérrez Fernando Guío 
Published: June 2015

<p>Esta investigación propone un modelo de evaluación de las capacidades físicas condicionales: fuerza, velocidad, resistencia, flexibilidad a jóvenes escolares de Bogotá, que se pueda aplicar en las mismas condiciones de evaluación en las diferentes instituciones educativas, teniendo en cuenta que la mayoría de protocolos y baterías de pruebas requieren de instalaciones y elementos que no siempre están disponibles en cada institución, lo cual generó la pregunta por una alternativa de valoración de las capacidades físicas con un alto criterio de fiabilidad, validez, probabilidad, utilidad y objetividad, que pudiera ser aplicada bajo las mismas condiciones en diferentes instituciones, sin importar las limitaciones de espacio, recursos y materiales. Para ello se seleccionaron cuidadosamente 7 pruebas o test de campo que fueron aplicadas a cerca de 2.000 estudiantes entre 10 y 18 años de edad. Los resultados de esta evaluación fueron la base sobre la cual se construyeron baremos que pueden ser utilizados como referencia o criterio en los diferentes procesos del campo de formación físico deportivo. </p>