bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CRISP: Catheterization RISk score for pediatrics: A Report from the Congenital Cardiac Interventional Study Consortium (CCISC)
Authors: Nykanen David G. , Forbes Thomas J. , Du Wei , Divekar Abhay A. , Reeves Jaxk H. , Hagler Donald J. , Fagan Thomas E. , Pedra Carlos AC , Fleming Gregory A. , Khan Danyal M. , Javois Alexander J. , Gruenstein Daniel H. , Qureshi Shakeel A. , Moore Phillip M. , Wax David H. ,   For the Congenital Cardiac Interventional Study Consortium (CCISC)
Published: November 2015

ObjectivesWe sought to develop a scoring system that predicts the risk of serious adverse events (SAE's) for individual pediatric patients undergoing cardiac catheterization procedures.BackgroundSystematic assessment of risk of SAE in pediatric catheterization can be challenging in view of a wide variation in procedure and patient complexity as well as rapidly evolving technology.MethodsA 10 component scoring system was originally developed based on expert consensus and review of the existing literature. Data from an international multi‐institutional catheterization registry (CCISC) between 2008 and 2013 were used to validate this scoring system. In addition we used multivariate methods to further refine the original risk score to improve its predictive power of SAE's. Results: Univariate analysis confirmed the strong correlation of each of the 10 components of the original risk score with SAE attributed to a pediatric cardiac catheterization (P < 0.001 for all variables). Multivariate analysis resulted in a modified risk score (CRISP) that corresponds to an increase in value of area under a receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) from 0.715 to 0.741.ConclusionThe CRISP score predicts risk of occurrence of an SAE for individual patients undergoing pediatric cardiac catheterization procedures. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Complete Versus Culprit‐Only Revascularization for Patients With Multi‐Vessel Disease Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: An Updated Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Trials
Authors: Elgendy Islam Y. , Wen Xuerong , Mahmoud Ahmed , Bavry Anthony A. 
Published: November 2015

ObjectivesTo perform an updated meta‐analysis to determine whether complete revascularization of significant coronary lesions at the time of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) would be associated with better outcomes compared with culprit‐only revascularization.BackgroundIndividual trials have demonstrated conflicting evidence regarding the optimum revascularization strategy at the time of primary PCI.MethodsClinical trials that randomized ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with multi‐vessel disease to a complete versus culprit‐only revascularization strategy were included. Random effects summary risk ratios (RR) were constructed using a DerSimonian–Laird model. The primary outcome of interest was mortality or myocardial infarction (MI).ResultsA total of seven trials with 1,939 patients were included in the analysis. Compared with culprit‐only revascularization, complete revascularization was associated with a non‐significant reduction in the risk of mortality or MI (RR 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42–1.12, P = 0.14). Complete revascularization was associated with a reduced risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (RR 0.61, 95% CI 0.45–0.81, P < 0.001), due to a significant reduction in urgent revascularization (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.29–0.70, P < 0.001). The risk of major bleeding and contrast‐induced nephropathy was similar with both approaches (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.41–1.71, P = 0.62, and RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.42–2.12, P = 0.82).ConclusionsComplete revascularization of all significant coronary lesions at the time of primary PCI was associated with a reduction in the risk of MACE due to reduction in the risk of urgent revascularization. This approach appears to be safe, with no excess major bleeding, or contrast‐induced nephropathy. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fate of fenestration in children treated with fontan operation
Authors: Pihkala Jaana I. , Järvelä Merit , Boldt Talvikki , Jokinen Eero , Liikanen Ilkka , Mattila Ilkka , Eerola Anneli 
Published: November 2015

ObjectiveTo review the operative history and clinical and catheterization data on patients treated with total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) with baffle fenestration and to study whether it is possible to predict the fate of fenestration.BackgroundA baffle fenestration may improve postoperative outcomes after Fontan operation but is later associated with cyanosis and thromboembolic risk. Fenestration may close spontaneously or it can be closed percutaneously in patients with favorable hemodynamics.MethodsPatients were divided into three groups: those with spontaneous closure of fenestration (group S, n = 34) and those with patent fenestration and favorable (group F, n = 36) or unfavorable (group U, n = 20) response to fenestration test occlusion. Clinical records were reviewed for demographic and anatomical characteristics, previous surgeries, and catheterizations.ResultsPredominant ventricular morphology was right ventricle (RV)/left ventricle (LV)/undeterminate in 19/14/1 patients in group S, 14/22/0 in group F, and 14/6/0 in group U. No differences were detected between groups in pre‐TCPC catheterization data. Type of baffle fenestration was window/tube in 20/14 in group S, 28/8 in group F, and 20/0 in group U. All tube fenestrations either closed spontaneously or could be closed percutaneously. Twenty‐nine percent of patients with window‐type fenestrations failed the test occlusion.ConclusionsSpontaneous closure and favorable result in test occlusion are more common in tube than in window fenestrations. Since most preoperative anatomic and hemodynamic factors were similar in all patient groups, we find it difficult to predict the fate of a window‐type fenestration and the result of test occlusion. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Facile Synthesis of Nitrogen/Sulfur Co‐Doped Graphene for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Pan Fuping , Duan Youxin , Zhang Xinkai , Zhang Junyan 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe design and fabrication of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts with high performance at low cost remains a big challenge but is crucial for the commercialization of fuel cells. Here, we report a simple and economical method for the direct mass production of nitrogen/sulfur co‐doped graphene (NS‐G) by using cysteine as single precursor and self‐assembled NaCl as a structure‐directing template through the solid‐phase pyrolysis method. The resultant NS‐G possesses a high specific surface area of 435.13 m2 g−1, effective N (1.85 at %) and S (0.99 at %) dual doping and enhanced conductivity, which contribute largely to the exposure of highly active sites and to the promotion of electron transport in the ORR process. Accordingly, the NS‐G exhibits excellent ORR performance with a positive half‐wave potential of 0.768 V (versus reversible hydrogen electrode), four‐electron pathway, low Tafel slope of 60 mV dec−1, and high stability in alkaline medium. These merits make NS‐G a promising alternative to costly Pt for ORR.
Dual Pathway for the Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of α‐Ketoimides to Chiral α‐Hydroxy Imides or Chiral α‐Hydroxy Esters
Authors: Zhao Qiankun , Zhao Yuxi , Liao Hang , Cheng Tanyu , Liu Guohua 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn an enantioselective reaction, we expect to obtain two types of chiral products through a controllable strategy in asymmetric catalysis. Herein, we develop Ru‐catalysed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of α‐ketoimides to realise an enantioselective construction of chiral α‐hydroxy imides or chiral α‐hydroxy esters. The transformation of α‐ketoimides catalysed by (S,S)‐[RuCl(η6‐mesitylene)diamine] can afford various chiral α‐hydroxy imides with high yields and enantioselectivities, whereas that catalysed by (S,S)‐[RuCl(η6‐hexamethylbenzene)diamine] gives the desirable chiral α‐hydroxy esters through a slight adjustment of the reaction conditions. The method described here is a controllable organic transformation with sodium formate as a hydrogen source under mild reaction conditions, and the benefit of this transformation is that various chiral α‐hydroxy imides or α‐hydroxy esters can be obtained selectively from α‐ketoimides.
Dual Catalytic Decarboxylative Allylations of α‐Amino Acids and Their Divergent Mechanisms
Authors: Lang Simon B. , O'Nele Kathryn M. , Douglas Justin T. , Tunge Jon A. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe room temperature radical decarboxylative allylation of N‐protected α‐amino acids and esters has been accomplished via a combination of palladium and photoredox catalysis to provide homoallylic amines. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the stability of the α‐amino radical, which is formed by decarboxylation, dictates the predominant reaction pathway between competing mechanisms.
Preparation of Poly(ionic liquid)s‐Supported Recyclable Organocatalysts for the Asymmetric Nitroaldol (Henry) Reaction
Authors: Großeheilmann Julia , Bandomir Jenny , Kragl Udo 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA novel strategy for the embedding of quinine‐based organocatalysts in polymerized ionic liquids‐based hydrogels is presented. With this technique, the encapsulated organocatalyst was successfully recovered and reused for four cycles without any loss of enantioselectivity (up to 91 % ee) for the asymmetric nitroaldol (Henry) reaction. In this study, high catalyst leaching was significantly reduced (<0.01 %) by controlling the water content. After catalyst removal, evaporation of the solvent affords the product in 98 % purity without any further purification.
Direct Photoredox‐Catalyzed Reductive Difluoromethylation of Electron‐Deficient Alkenes
Authors: Tang Xiao‐Jun , Zhang Zuxiao , Dolbier William R. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPhotoredox‐catalyzed reductive difluoromethylation of electron‐deficient alkenes was achieved in one step under tin‐free, mild and neutral conditions. This protocol affords a facile method to introduce RCF2 (R=H, Ph, Me, and CH2N3) groups at sites β to electron‐withdrawing groups. It was found that TTMS (tris(trimethylsilyl)silane) served nicely as both the H‐atom donor and the electron donor in the catalytic cycle. Experimental and DFT computational results provided evidence that RCF2 (R=H, Ph, Me) radicals are nucleophilic in nature.
Use of internal controlT‐cell populations in the flow cytometric evaluation forT‐cell neoplasms
Authors: Hunt Alicia M. , Shallenberger Wendy , Ten Eyck Stephen P. , Craig Fiona E. 
Published: November 2015

ObjectivesFlow cytometry is an important tool for identification of neoplastic T‐cells, but immunophenotypic abnormalities are often subtle and must be distinguished from nonneoplastic subsets. Use of internal control (IC) T‐cells in the evaluation for T‐cell neoplasms was explored, both as a quality measure and as a reference for evaluating abnormal antigen expression.MethodsAll peripheral blood specimens (3‐month period), or those containing abnormal T‐cells (29‐month period), stained with CD45 V500, CD2 V450, CD3 PE‐Cy7, CD7 PE, CD4 Per‐CP‐Cy5.5, CD8 APC‐H7, CD56 APC, CD16&57 FITC, were evaluated. IC T‐cells were identified (DIVA, BD Biosciences) and median fluorescence intensity (MFI) recorded. Selected files were merged and reference templates generated (Infinicyt, Cytognos).ResultsIC T‐cells were present in all specimens, including those with abnormal T‐cells, but subsets were less well‐represented. IC T‐cell CD3 MFI differed between instruments (p = 0.0007) and subsets (p < 0.001), but not specimen categories, and served as a longitudinal process control. Merged files highlighted small unusual IC‐T subsets: CD2+(dim) (0.25% total), CD2− (0.03% total). An IC reference template highlighted neoplastic T‐cells, but was limited by staining variability (IC CD3 MFI reference samples different from test (p = 0.003)).ConclusionsIC T‐cells present in the majority of specimens can serve as positive and longitudinal process controls. Use of IC T‐cells as an internal reference is limited by variable representation of subsets. Analysis of merged IC T‐cells from previously analyzed patient samples can alert the interpreter to less‐well‐recognized non‐neoplastic subsets. However, application of a merged file IC reference template was limited by staining variability. © 2016 Clinical Cytometry Society
Silyl–Thioether Multidentate Ligands – Synthesis of RhIII Complexes via RhI/RhIII Mixed‐Valent and Cyclooctenyl Intermediates
Authors: Azpeitia Susan , Fernández Belén , Garralda María A. , Huertos Miguel A. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe preparation and characterization of a dimeric RhIII complex containing two SSi ligands on each rhodium fragment is reported. {Rh[SiMe2(o‐C6H4SMe)]2Cl}2 (1) was obtained by reaction of thioether–silane SiMe2H(o‐C6H4SMe) (L1) with [Rh(cod)Cl]2. Mixed‐valent RhI/RhIII complex {(cod)Rh(μ‐Cl)2Rh[SiMe2(o‐C6H4SMe)]2} (2), which is an intermediate in the formation of 1, was isolated. Furthermore, 1H NMR spectroscopic monitoring revealed the formation of cyclooctenyl intermediates. The tridentate pincer proligand, SiMeH(o‐C6H4SMe)2 (L2), reacts with [Rh(cod)Cl]2 to yield a robust cyclooctenyl RhIII complex, {Rh(η3‐cyclooctenyl)[SiMe(o‐C6H4SMe)2]Cl} (3). Complexes 1–3 were characterized by X‐ray crystallography.
On the Role of Chalcogen Donor Atoms in Diimine‐Dichalcogenolate PtII SONLO Chromophores: Is It Worth Replacing Sulfur with Selenium?
Authors: Pintus Anna , Aragoni M. Carla , Isaia Francesco , Lippolis Vito , Lorcy Dominique , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Woollins J. Derek , Arca Massimiliano 
Published: November 2015

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are Massimiliano Arca, M. Carla Aragoni, Francesco Isaia, Vito Lippolis, and Anna Pintus from the University of Cagliari (Italy), Dominique Lorcy from the University of Rennes 1 (France), and J. Derek Woollins and Alexandra M. Z. Slawin from the University of St. Andrews (UK). The cover image shows a view of the molecular orbitals involved in the solvatochromic transition peculiar to the complex [Pt(bipy)(Me‐dmet)] over a typical landscape of the city of Cagliari, where this research was coordinated.
Synthesis and Properties of Energetic 1,2,4‐Oxadiazoles
Authors: Wang Zuoquan , Zhang Hong , Jabeen Farukh , Gopinathan‐Pillai Girinath , Arami Justin A. , Killian Benjamin J. , Stiegler Kelcie D. , Yudewitz Dalia S. , Thiemann Pauline L. , Turk Jessica D. , Zhou Wenfeng , Steel Peter J. , Hall C. Dennis , Katritzky Alan R. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of a series of 3,5‐di‐aryl‐1,2,4‐oxadiazoles are reported and the effects of nitro groups in the aromatic rings on the experimental heats of decomposition (ΔHd) and heats of combustion (ΔHc) are evaluated. Heats of formation (ΔHf) and densities (ρ) were calculated and correlations between ΔHd and ΔHf were assessed for these compounds. Experimental determination of ρ (by gas pycnometry) on a selection of the compounds led to the calculation of detonation velocity (VD), detonation pressure (PD) and specific impulse (ISP) parameters by the Explo 5 program. An X‐ray analysis of compound (4i) confirmed the structure and showed a crystal density (at 120 K) close to that determined by gas pycnometry.
Reactivity of α‐Bromosulfones Obtained from gem‐Dibromides
Authors: Münster Niels , Werel Laura , Rennar Georg Alexander , Harms Klaus , Koert Ulrich 
Published: November 2015

Abstractα‐Bromosulfones have been synthesized diastereoselectively by reaction of β‐hydroxy gem‐dibromides with aromatic sulfinates. More steric demanding groups in the β‐position led to increased stereoselectivity in these SN2 reactions. Lithiated α‐bromosulfones react diastereoselectively with alkylating agents, aldehydes, and ketones. No configurational stability of the lithiated α‐bromosulfones was observed except fast equilibration towards a chelate‐stabilized intermediate. Treatment of the α‐bromosulfone with methylcuprate resulted in substitution of the bromine by a methyl group.
RhIII‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Coupling of Quinoline N‐Oxides with Alkenes: N‐Oxide as Traceless Directing Group for Remote C–H Activation
Authors: Sharma Ritika , Kumar Rakesh , Kumar Inder , Sharma Upendra 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA RhIII‐catalyzed dehydrogenative coupling reaction of quinoline N‐oxides with alkenes has been developed that provides C‐8 olefinated quinoline derivatives by employing a remote C–H activation strategy. Main features of this catalytic method include the use of N‐oxide as a traceless directing group, the high selectivity of the reaction for the C‐8 position, and the broad scope of possible substrates. Mechanistic studies have also been performed. A five‐membered rhodacycle of quinoline N‐oxide, a possible key reaction intermediate, was synthesized and characterized for the first time.
Comprehensive review of several surfactants in marine environments: Fate and ecotoxicity
Authors: Jackson Mathew , Eadsforth Charles , Schowanek Diederik , Delfosse Thomas , Riddle Andrew , Budgen Nigel 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Surfactants are a commercially important group of chemicals widely used on a global scale. Despite high removal efficiencies during wastewater treatment, their high consumption volumes mean that a certain fraction will always enter aquatic ecosystems, with marine environments being the ultimate sites of deposition. Consequently, surfactants have been detected within marine waters and sediments. However, aquatic environmental studies have mostly focused on the freshwater environment, and marine studies are considerably underrepresented by comparison. The present review aims to provide a summary of current marine environmental fate (monitoring, biodegradation, and bioconcentration) and effects data of 5 key surfactant groups: linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, alcohol ethoxysulfates, alkyl sulfates, alcohol ethoxylates, and ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride. Monitoring data are currently limited, especially for alcohol ethoxysulfates and alkyl sulfates. Biodegradation was shown to be considerably slower under marine conditions, whereas ecotoxicity studies suggest that marine species are approximately equally as sensitive to these surfactants as freshwater species. Marine bioconcentration studies are almost nonexistent. Current gaps within the literature are presented, thereby highlighting research areas where additional marine studies should focus. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1077–1086. © 2015 SETAC
Quantitatively assessing the effect of exposure time and cooling time of fabric assemblies representative of those used in firefighter clothing on the thermal protection
Authors: He Jiazhen , Li Jun 
Published: November 2015

SummaryIn addition to direct thermal energy from a heat source, a large amount of thermal energy stored in clothing will continuously transfer to skin during the cooling of fabric assemblies. In real situations, the durations of thermal exposure and cooling in protective clothing vary. Eight exposure times ranging from 6 to 27 s and a maximum duration of 80 s cooling time were used. To quantitatively investigate the levels of thermal protection, a new index was applied. The effects of exposure and cooling times on the grade of thermal protection were discussed. The effective cooling time was found to be 9–40 s for the selected fabric systems. In addition, a safety time region was identified and proposed as an indicator to evaluate the thermal protective insulation of fabric assemblies. The data analyses clearly showed that in addition to the inherent properties of the fabric materials, the levels of protection were not only related to exposure time but also depended upon the cooling time. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gray matter structural compromise is equally distributed in left and right temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Liu Min , Bernhardt Boris C. , Bernasconi Andrea , Bernasconi Neda 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn drug‐resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), MRI studies have shown consistent mesiotemporal and neocortical structural alterations when comparing patients to healthy controls. It remains, however, relatively unclear whether the side of seizure focus differentially impacts the degree of structural damage. This work performed a comprehensive surface‐based analysis of mesiotemporal and neocortical morphology on preoperative 1.5 T MRI in 25/35 LTLE/RTLE patients that achieved seizure freedom after surgery (i.e., Engel‐I outcome; 7 ± 2 years follow‐up), an imaging‐independent confirmation of focus lateralization. Compared to 46 age‐ and sex‐matched controls, both TLE groups displayed marked ipsilateral atrophy in mesiotemporal regions, while cortical thinning was bilateral. Direct contrasts between LTLE and RTLE did not reveal significant differences. Bootstrap simulations indicated low reproducibility of observing a between‐cohort difference; power analysis revealed that more than 110 patients would be necessary to detect subtle differences. No difference between LTLE and RTLE was confirmed when using voxel‐based morphometry, an independent proxy of gray matter volume. Similar results were obtained analyzing a separate 3 T dataset (15/15 LTLE/RTLE patients; Engel‐I after 4 ± 2 years follow‐up; 42 controls). Our results strongly support equivalent gray matter compromise in left and right TLE. The morphological profile of seizure‐free patients, presenting with ipsilateral mesiotemporal and bilateral cortical atrophy, motivates the development of neuromarkers of outcome that consider both mesiotemporal and neocortical structures. Hum Brain Mapp 37:515–524, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ERK Plays a Role in Chromosome Alignment and Participates in M‐Phase Progression
Authors: Iwamoto Erika , Ueta Natsumi , Matsui Yuki , Kamijo Keiju , Kuga Takahisa , Saito Youhei , Yamaguchi Naoto , Nakayama Yuji 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTCell division, a prerequisite for cell proliferation, is a process in which each daughter cell inherits one complete set of chromosomes. The mitotic spindle is a dedicated apparatus for the alignment and segregation of chromosomes. Extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 plays crucial roles in cell cycle progression, particularly during M‐phase. Although, association with the mitotic spindle has been reported, the precise roles played by ERK in the dynamics of the mitotic spindle and in M‐phase progression remain to be elucidated. In this study, we used MEK inhibitors U0126 and GSK1120212 to dissect the roles of ERK in M‐phase progression and chromosome alignment. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that ERK is localized to the spindle microtubules in a manner independent of Src kinase, which is one of the kinases upstream of ERK at mitotic entry. ERK inhibition induces an increase in the number of prophase cells and a decrease in the number of anaphase cells. Time‐lapse imaging revealed that ERK inhibition perturbs chromosome alignment, thereby preventing cells from entering anaphase. These results suggest that ERK plays a role in M‐phase progression by regulating chromosome alignment and demonstrate one of the mechanisms by which the aberration of ERK signaling may produce cancer cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1340–1351, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.