bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finite variation sensitivity analysis in the design of isotropic metamaterials through discrete topology optimization
Authors: Cunha Daniel Candeloro , Pavanello Renato 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article extends recently developed finite variation sensitivity analysis (FVSA) approaches to an inverse homogenization problem. The design of metamaterials with prescribed mechanical properties is stated as a discrete density‐based topology optimization problem, in which the design variables define the microstructure of the periodic base cell. The FVSA consists in estimating the finite variations of the objective and constraint functions after independently switching the state of each variable. It is used to properly linearize the functions of binary variables so the optimization problem can be solved through sequential integer linear programming. Novel sensitivity expressions were developed and it was shown that they are more accurate than the ones conventionally used in literature. Referred to as the conjugate gradient sensitivity (CGS) approach, the proposed strategy was quantitatively evaluated through numerical examples. In these examples, metamaterials with prescribed homogenized Poisson's ratios and minimal homogenized Young's moduli were obtained. A hexagonal base cell with dihedral symmetry was used to produce only metamaterials with isotropic properties. It was shown that, by using the CGS approach instead of the conventional sensitivity analysis, the sensitivity error was substantially reduced for the considered problem. The proposed developments effectively improved the stability and robustness of the discrete optimization procedures. In all the considered examples, when more accurate sensitivity analyses were performed, the parameters of the topology optimization method could be tuned more easily, yielding effective solutions even if the settings were not ideal.
Understanding the treatment experiences of adults diagnosed with early‐onset colorectal cancer: A qualitative study
Authors: Russell Ashleigh C. , Reid Helen , Coleman Helen G. , Santin Olinda 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveEarly‐onset colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence in adults aged under 50 is increasing. There is a critical lack of knowledge regarding the challenges faced by early‐onset CRC patients and their experiences of treatment. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences of individuals receiving treatment for early‐onset CRC, and the resulting impact on their lives.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews of patients with early‐onset CRC in the UK (n = 21) were conducted from August 2021 to March 2022. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsResults identified four key themes: (1) early‐onset CRC treatment results in sudden physical, psychological and social impacts in all aspects of life; (2) early‐onset CRC patients have unique supportive care needs which are not recognised in current practice; (3) there is a need for tailored information; (4) a lack of support was identified in the areas of mental health, sexual health and fertility.ConclusionsOur study highlights numerous unique issues experienced by the early‐onset CRC patient group during treatment. There is a need for change in clinical practice, along with the development of international guidelines and tailored resources for both patients and healthcare professionals, in order to improve care.
Dielectric barrier discharge plasma: A green and novel method to change the structure of taro peel starch and improve the physicochemical properties of taro peel starch films
Authors: Gupta Rakesh Kumar , Guha Proshanta , Srivastav Prem Prakash 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe present study examined the impact of dielectric barrier discharge cold plasma treatment on the physicochemical characteristics of taro peel starch (TPS) and its films. This work reports for the first time on using native and modified TPS in the casting procedure to develop packaging films. The results showed that, as plasma exposure voltage and treatment time prolonged, the pH, 955 cm−1/1022 cm−1, % crystallinity, and turbidity of TPS significantly decreased, while amylose content, solubility, and 1047 cm−1/1022 cm−1 of TPS increased considerably. Despite this, modified TPS‐based films have comparatively smooth and homogeneous surfaces. Moreover, the modified starch‐based film exhibited the lowest water vapor permeability, elongation at break, and solubility, while highest opacity and tensile strength.
A 2D Metal‐Free Inorganic Covalent Framework: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence
Authors: Dong Qiang , Ye Guigui , Zhang Lei , Chen Cailing , Xue Miaomiao , Lee Chun‐Sing , Han Yu , Li Zhen , Zhang Qichun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe synthesis, crystal structure and room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of a 2D metal‐free inorganic covalent framework ((H2en) [B5O8(OH)], named as CityU‐12, and en represents for ethylenediamine) are reported. The precise structure information of CityU‐12 has been disclosed through both single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SCXRD) analysis and low‐dose high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (LD‐HRTEM) study. The SCXRD results show that CityU‐12 composes of 2D anionic B─O‐based covalent inorganic frameworks with protonated ethylenediamine locating in the pore sites of 2D B─O layers while LD‐HRTEM suggests that CityU‐12 has an interplanar distance of 0.60 nm for (00) crystal plane and 0.60 nm for (10) crystal plane. The optical studies show that CityU‐12 is an excellent nonconventional RTP material with the emission peak at 530 nm and a lifetime of 1.5 s. The quantum yield is 84.6% and the afterglow time is as long as 2.5 s. This work demonstrates that metal‐free B─O frameworks can be promising nonconventional phosphors for RTP.
Impact of hook choice, fish size, and water temperature on hooking depth, injury, and postcapture physiology in Channel Catfish
Authors: Hintz Kyle J. , Qualich Jason M. , Brunais Baileeanne E. , Louison Michael J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective
Catch-and-release angling is an oft-practiced conservation tool involving the release of captured game fish either due to harvest regulations or conservation ethic on the part of the angler. Central to this practice is the assumption that released fish survive; however, a large body of work has shown that postrelease mortality can occur, especially if fish are injured during the capture process. In this study, we examined hooking location, bleeding, injury rates, and postcapture physiology in Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus, a popular game fish species.

Methods
A total of 83 Channel Catfish were angled from a lake in southern Illinois using conventional rod-and-reel techniques with one of four hook types (J-hook, shiner, circle, and octopus). Captured fish were then assessed for hooking depth, bleeding, and injury. Subsequently, a subset of 40 fish were additionally held for 4 h in submerged totes before being tested for reflex responsiveness and undergoing a blood biopsy for glucose and lactate levels.

Result
Circle and octopus hooks reduced hooking depth in Channel Catfish compared with J-hooks and tended to reduce postcapture bleeding as well. Postholding physiological results showed no effect of hook type on blood lactate or glucose levels, and reflex impairment was very rare (only a single fish was impaired for any reflexes 4 h postcapture).

Conclusion
Overall, the results of this study suggest that the use of circle hooks reduce the likelihood of deep hooking and injury in Channel Catfish, though Channel Catfish, at least in the short term, were physiologically resilient to the effects of capture.
Photoacoustic imaging in brain disorders: Current progress and clinical applications
Authors: Liu Xiuyun , Li Haodong , Pang Meijun , Liu Jinzhen , Song Xizi , He Runnan , He Mengqi , Jian Xiqi , Ma Cheng , Deng Handi , Wu Yixuan , Ming Dong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOver the past few decades, the number of patients with neurological diseases has increased significantly, posing huge challenges and opportunities for the development of brain imaging technology. As a hybrid imaging method combining optical excitation and acoustic detection techniques, photoacoustic tomography (PAT), has experienced rapid development, due to high optical contrast and spatial resolution at depth inside tissues. With the development of lasers, ultrasonic detectors, and data computations, PAT has been widely applied for the diagnosis of oncology, dermatosis, etc. However, the energy of light and ultrasound would be greatly attenuated while penetrating the skull, due to the reflection, absorption, and scattering effects, resulting in limited application of PAT in brain imaging. In this review, we summarized the achievements of PAT and its application in the detection of brain diseases including glioma, stroke, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, and Parkinson's disease. Moreover, various PAT systems and multi‐modality photoacoustic imaging are introduced for potential clinical applications. Finally, the challenges and current limitations of PAT for further brain imaging are also discussed.
In Search of Intermediating Capacities: The Interplay of Civic Engagement and Institutionalised Politics
Authors: Evers Adalbert , von Essen Johan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIt’s time to question the capability of the liberal-democratic political system in contemporary societies to handle urgent crises and represent the political will of the citizens. The current erosion and retrieval of intermediate capabilities and procedures in society affects the interplay of civic engagement and institutionalised politics, undermining the vitality of the political system and the legitimacy of democracy. The aim of this book is to contribute to the discussion and understanding of these changes in European countries. The first part of this introduction defines roughly what we mean by institutionalised politics and civic engagement respectively and how we understand intermediation: as a special dimension of their interplay that is not a given but a kind of always contentious and endangered quality. The second part discusses three different strands of (re)thinking the intermediary capacities of democratic systems—political and democratic theory, the civil society/civic engagement and the recent governance debate. They make up for plurality of the respective chapters, their specific limits, merits and innovative potentials. As the book is looking to unfold the mechanisms for democratic repair beyond a ‘bipolar’ antagonism between civic engagement and institutionalised politics, they can altogether be seen as complementary.
Tolerance Analysis Method of Aircraft Door Sealing Structure Based on Linear Simplified Model
Authors: Ke Jinlin , Lv Xiongfei , Jiang Cuncun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs a moving component of the aircraft, the sealing state of the door will directly affect the aircraft's pressurization level and aerodynamic performance. The existing analysis methods of sealing structures mainly consider the compression deformation and contact stress of the seals. However, in practical engineering applications, it has been found that the sealing performance of cabin door depends on the interaction between the sealing structure and the seal. On the one hand, the tolerance fluctuation and elastic deformation of the sealing structure will cause the deviation between the actual compression ratio of the seal from the theoretical value; On the other hand, the deformation caused by the resilience of the seal will change the tolerance distribution of the sealing structure. In this paper, based on the local linear simplification of loading curve of the seal, the calculation efficiency of the large-size sealing structure’s deformation is improved, so that the compression ratio fluctuation of the seal is converted into the deformation tolerance which is included in the tolerance simulation of the sealing structures to obtain the distribution characteristics of step difference value on the aerodynamic surface as well as the different compression states of the seal. The validity of this analysis method is confirmed by comparing with the commercial software calculation and the practical measured data of the aircraft door.
The Influence of Longitudinal Oil Tank Bodies on the Vehicle’s Rollover Mechanics
Authors: Zuo Yonggang , Chen Fuze , Huang Jiansheng , Zhang Yuliang , Wu Meichun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn order to determine the influence of longitudinal oil tank bodies with different cross-sectional shapes on the vehicle's center of gravity position and the lateral overturning moment generated during cornering and braking, this paper conducts oscillation simulation calculations and analysis on longitudinal oil tanks with three different cross-sectional shapes. The optimal cross-section of the longitudinal tank is ultimately determined, providing a basis for the stability calculation of oil tankers.
Parametric Design Method of Hydraulic Buffer System for Low-Speed Heavy-Load Trailer
Authors: Min Guanyu , Zhang Qing , Xu Liwei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo address the problem of high-pressure low-frequency hydraulic impact on the hydraulic buffer system mounted on self-propelled hydraulic trailer, a parametric simulation and design framework is provided for the widespread use of integrated accumulator systems in the low-speed heavy-load vehicle. A mathematical model of the accumulator was established for theoretical analysis, and numerical simulation were conducted on corresponding parameters using AMESim. Finally, a routine method was proposed to achieve feasible arrangement of accumulators. In this study, for the problem of high-pressure impact conditions caused by severe fluctuations, the system performance could be increased by arranging different combinations of accumulators with different parameter configurations. Taking a commercial model of heavy trailer as an actual case, a reasonable parameterized design was carried out for its comprehensive accumulator buffer system, and verification was conducted.
Design and CFD Simulation of Heat Transfer in Circular Pipes
Authors: Ali Furman , Abbas Munawwar Ali , Sun Bo , Chen Li , Hussain Shahid 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA major issue for human growth is the energy crisis. In the current study, circular pipes are considered an energy-efficient technology viable in all seasons. It uses non-constant soil temperature and water flow in coldest regions. This model reports the thermal performance of pipes with different results in hot and cold climates. To degree thermal performance, pipe version changed into advanced and simulated with ANSYS 18.1 Fluid Flow (Fluent). Data was collected from two modelled summer and winter seasons. Continuity, momentum, and energy equation have been used for the simulation. Comparison analysis is also being carried out about the obtained results with previously published articles. The effects of summer and winter temperature and speed on performance were also evaluated. Further, the graphical interpretation is also carried for velocity and pressure distribution. The study highlights a drastic drop in temperature and velocity near the inlet and outlet region while Pressure is inversely proportional to velocity in these regions. It is also obtained from the simulation that the temperature pressure and velocity remain uniform in the fully develop region.
Thermal Robustness Redesign of Electromagnet Under Multi-Physical Field Coupling
Authors: Liu Chenyu , Wang Anlin , Li Xiaotian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAiming at the durability problem of the proportional electromagnet used in the proportional valve of engineering machinery, in order to improve its thermal failure resistance under random load conditions, a parametric redesign model of the proportional electromagnet was proposed based on the multi-physics coupling theory and robust optimization theory. This article takes the proportional electromagnet with a basin-type suction structure as the research object. The parameter model was verified through steady-state proportional electromagnet tests and temperature distribution tests. On the premise of ensuring the accuracy of electromagnetic calculation force, the conductivity and heat transfer parameters with fuzzy magnitude in the system were calibrated. Taking the key structural parameters of the proportional electromagnet and coil as the control factors, and the enameled wire diameter of the coil caused by the uncertainty of the production process conditions as the noise factor, an orthogonal experiment was designed based on the Taguchi method, and the thermal robustness redesign evaluation function of the proportional electromagnet was defined. Multi-factor weighted form. The thermal load of the proportional electromagnet obtained from the excavator field test was used as the response to calculate the heat source. Under the constraint of allowable temperature rise that can not cause coil insulation failure, a redesign method for key structural parameters that minimizes changes in system response under noise interference is given. Studies have shown that coil length and number of turns are the main factors affecting the thermal robustness of proportional electromagnets. The window shape of the coil is determined by the winding process and determines the magnetic properties and heat transfer capabilities of the system. The thermal robustness redesign method of proportional electromagnets proposed in this article has engineering reference value for the customized design of electromechanical products under magnetothermal coupling conditions.
Simulation Study on Driving Dynamic Characteristics of a Light Rocket Launcher
Authors: Ma Qingtian , Yu Cungui , Li Guanglei , Zhou Cheng , Liu Shuang , Ma Junyi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTaking a light rocket launcher as the research object, based on random road excitation and applying the theory of multi-rigid-body system dynamics, the multi-body dynamics model of a light rocket launcher is established, and its driving dynamic characteristics are studied. Considering the load-bearing characteristics of leaf spring and the use of tires, the driving dynamics simulation of light rocket launcher on C-class virtual road is carried out. Considering the vibration impact of the road surface on the rocket launcher, the vibration characteristic results of the rocket launcher are analyzed, and the ride comfort index is used to evaluate the driving reliability of the rocket launcher.
Study on Multiple Hydraulic Cylinders Synchronous Control Under Impact Load
Authors: Wang Jianjun , Hao Sulan , Li Wenlei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn engineering, it is often necessary to use multiple hydraulic cylinders to drive the load at the same time. Under the impact load, because of the compressibility and leakage of hydraulic oil is inevitable, it is difficult to accurately control the speed of the actuator. Firstly, the compression and leakage of the hydraulic oil under the impact load are analyzed theoretically, and the main factors affecting the speed stability of the hydraulic cylinder are obtained. A multiple hydraulic cylinders synchronous control experimental circuit with electro-hydraulic proportional PID control is designed, which is composed of pump station, oil cylinders, displacement detection sensors and computer control system. The master–slave control strategy, electro-hydraulic proportional closed-loop control and fuzzy PID weighted control algorithm are adopted, and the simulation results show that this method can realize the stable control of hydraulic cylinder speed, and improve the synchronous control accuracy of multiple hydraulic cylinders, and the synchronous accuracy is within 0.5 mm. Finally, the experimental platform is built for practical verification, and through data acquisition and displacement monitoring of the system, it can be proved this method can realize the accurate synchronization of displacement driven by four hydraulic cylinders. The results show that the system is easy to control and has high synchronization accuracy, which can provide a reference for the design of multiple actuators synchronization control.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Critical Speed of Multi-span Rotor System Coupled with Diaphragm Coupling
Authors: Wu Zhihua , Li Zhanwei , Shi Mengfan , Zhang Qing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTaking the multi-span rotor system composed of two double diaphragm couplings coupled with three rotors as the object, the finite element model of the high-speed multi-span rotor system is established, and the critical speed of the rotor system is solved using ANSYS Workbench software. The effects of the radial stiffness of the diaphragm coupling and the bearing support stiffness on the critical speed of the rotor system in the first three orders are analyzed. The results show that, for the model established in this paper, within a certain range, the radial stiffness of the diaphragm coupling has a greater influence on the third-order critical speed of the multi-span rotor system, and the increase of the radial stiffness of the diaphragm coupling and the increase of the bearing support stiffness will increase the critical speed of the multi-span rotor system.
A Research of Different Energy Management Strategies of Lithium-ion Battery-Ultracapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System
Authors: Zhang Dongjie , Hu Lin , Tian Qingtao , Zou Changfu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGiven the exacerbating effect of fossil fuel use in conventional vehicles on the greenhouse effect, the imperative development of electric vehicle technology becomes evident. To address the high energy and power density demands of electric vehicles, a lithium-ion battery-ultracapacitor hybrid energy storage system proves effective. This study, utilizing ADVISOR and Matlab/Simulink, employs an electric vehicle prototype for modeling and simulating both logic threshold and fuzzy logic control strategies. It aims to analyze the average output power and state of charge (SOC) of the lithium-ion battery, as well as the SOC of the ultracapacitor, within hybrid energy storage systems governed by these differing strategies. The findings indicate that the fuzzy logic control strategy results in a reduction of 2.73 kW in the average output power of the lithium-ion battery and a 20% increase in the SOC drop rate of the ultracapacitor compared to the logic threshold control strategy. Under the logic threshold control strategy, lithium-ion batteries demonstrate superior output stability, albeit within a broader amplitude range. Conversely, the fuzzy logic control strategy maximizes the utilization of ultracapacitors but leads to frequent fluctuations in the output power of lithium-ion batteries, thereby exhibiting reduced stability. These results underscore the inherent trade-offs between stability and utilization efficiency in hybrid energy storage systems for electric vehicles under different control strategies. The selection of a control strategy should be contingent upon specific performance priorities and objectives within the context of electric vehicle design and operation.