bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Uncontrolled Trial of a Present‐Focused Cognitive‐Behavioral Conjoint Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Pukay‐Martin Nicole D. , Torbit Lindsey , Landy Meredith S. H. , Wanklyn Sonya G. , Shnaider Philippe , Lane Jeanine E. M. , Monson Candice M. 
Published: February 2015

ObjectiveThe efficacy of a present‐focused version of cognitive‐behavioral conjoint therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (CBCT for PTSD) was examined in a community sample.MethodSeven couples completed pretreatment assessments, including measures of clinician‐, self‐ and partner‐rated PTSD symptoms and relationship satisfaction. Six couples completed present‐focused CBCT for PTSD and all posttreatment assessments. A seventh couple terminated their relationship prior to completing treatment; therefore, they completed posttreatment symptom measures, but not ratings of relationship satisfaction.ResultsResults revealed significant decreases in PTSD symptoms that were associated with medium‐to‐large effect sizes. Medium effect sizes for changes in relationship satisfaction were found, though were only significant for partners.ConclusionResults from this pilot study suggest that present‐focused CBCT for PTSD may be a promising alternative for individuals who are unwilling to engage in a trauma‐focused treatment.
Contrasting models of parity‐mode evolution in squamate reptiles
Authors: Pyron R. Alexander , Burbrink Frank T. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractRecent analyses using large‐scale phylogenies suggest a radically different history for the evolution of live birth and egg laying in squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes) than traditionally understood. What is the ancestral condition for lizards and snakes? How frequently does live bearing evolve in egg‐laying lineages? Can the eggshell ever re‐evolve in live‐bearing lineages? Answering these fundamental questions about the evolution of key physiological processes will require additional data from genomic, developmental, and fossil data. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 324B: 467–472, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reduction of inappropriate exit prescriptions for proton pump inhibitors: A before‐after study using education paired with a web‐based quality‐improvement tool
Authors: McDonald Emily G. , Jones Janelle , Green Laurence , Jayaraman Dev , Lee Todd C. 
Published: February 2015

BACKGROUNDProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are overprescribed despite concerns regarding associated adverse drug events.OBJECTIVETo reduce inappropriate PPI prescriptions using hospitalization as the point of contact to effect meaningful change.DESIGNBefore‐after study design.SETTINGForty‐six–bed medical clinical teaching unit in a 417‐bed university teaching hospital in Montreal, Canada.PATIENTSFour hundred sixty‐four consecutively admitted patients in the preintervention control group, and 640 consecutively admitted patients in the intervention group.INTERVENTIONA monthly educational intervention paired with a Web‐based quality improvement tool.MEASUREMENTSWe determined the proportion of patients admitted on PPIs, their indications, and appropriateness of use. We then compared the proportion of patients whose PPIs were discontinued at discharge before and after our intervention.RESULTSForty‐four percent of patients were already using a PPI prior to their hospitalization. In evaluated patients, only 54% of these patients had an evidence‐based indication for ongoing use. The proportion of PPIs discontinued at hospital discharge increased from 7.7% per month in the 6 months prior to intervention, to 18.5% per month postintervention (P = 0.03).CONCLUSIONSStrategies to combat PPI overuse are needed to improve the overall quality of patient care. We significantly reduced discharge prescriptions for PPIs through the implementation of an educational initiative paired with a Web‐based quality improvement tool. An active interventional strategy is likely required considering the increasingly recognized and preventable adverse events associated with PPI misuse. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2015;10:281–286. © 2015 Society of Hospital Medicine
Fast imaging strategies for mouse kidney perfusion measurement with pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) at ultra high magnetic field (11.75 tesla)
Authors: Prevost Valentin H. , Girard Olivier M. , Callot Virginie , Cozzone Patrick J. , Duhamel Guillaume 
Published: February 2015

BackgroundTo derive an adapted protocol at ultra high magnetic field for mouse kidney perfusion measurements using pCASL in combination with three widely available fast imaging readouts: segmented SE EPI (sSE EPI), RARE, and TrueFISP.MethodspCASL sSE EPI, pCASL RARE, and pCASL TrueFISP were used for the acquisition of mouse kidney perfusion images in the axial and coronal planes at 11.75T. Results were compared in terms of perfusion sensitivity, signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), blood flow values, intrasession and intersession repeatability, and image quality (subjectively classified into three grades: good, satisfactory, and unacceptable).ResultsRenal cortex perfusion measurements were performed within 2 min with pCASL RARE/pCASL TrueFISP and 4 min with pCASL sSE EPI. In an axial direction, SNR values of 6.6/5.6/2.8, perfusion sensitivity values of 16.1 ± 3.7/13.6 ± 2.4/13.4 ± 1.0 %, blood flow values of 679 ± 149/466 ± 111/572 ± 46 mL/100 g/min and in‐ROI variations values of 192/161/181 mL/100 g/min were obtained with pCASL sSE EPI/pCASL RARE/pCASL TrueFISP. Highest SNR per unit of time (1.8) and highest intra/intersession reliability (92.9% and 95.1%) were obtained with pCASL RARE, which additionally presented highly reproducible satisfactory image quality. In coronal plane, significantly lower SNR, perfusion sensitivity and perfusion values were obtained for all techniques compared with that in the axial plane (P < 0.05) due to magnetization saturation effects.ConclusionpCASL RARE demonstrated more advantages for longitudinal preclinical kidney perfusion studies at ultra high magnetic field. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;42:999–1008.
Longshore wind, waves and currents: climate and climate projections at Ninety Mile Beach, southeastern Australia
Authors: O'Grady Julian G. , McInnes Kathleen L. , Colberg Frank , Hemer Mark A. , Babanin Alexander V. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTIt is shown that Lakes Entrance, a township located at the northern end of Ninety Mile Beach in southeastern Australia, is situated in a region that may experience noticeable changes in longshore wind, wave and ocean currents compared to present day climate variability as a consequence of the southward shifting subtropical ridge (STR) predicted in global climate change models. These changes could modify sediment transport in the littoral zone and impact the coastline position. Thirty‐year hindcasts of winds, coastal currents and waves are shown to agree well with available observations and provide a long‐term dataset of the climate variability. Hindcasts of coastal ocean currents and waves indicate that while the annual net mean wave and current transport are in opposing directions, their seasonal adjusted monthly anomalies are positively correlated. Furthermore they are also correlated with the position of the STR location index. On seasonal to annual time scales a weak connection between the transport variables and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) is found. It appears that during multiple years of positive (negative) SOI conditions the STR is located north (south) of its mean monthly position, resulting in anomalous eastward (westward) transport. The four climate models used in this study indicate a southward shift in the STR for most months under a high emission future. In summer months the shift in the STR results in both increased summer westward wind‐driven currents and westward wave forcing. Changes in winter months are less related to the STR location and it is discussed that the contraction and increased intensity of the westerly storm belt linked to Southern Annular Mode could possibly influence the transport. The analysis is presented at the coastal scale to provide insights into how these changes may affect net transport across the littoral zone in more detailed numerical nearshore sediment transport modelling.
Recent changes in summer precipitation in Northeast China and the background circulation
Authors: Han Tingting , Chen Huopo , Wang Huijun 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTThis study documents recent changes in the characteristics of summer (July–August–September) precipitation in Northeast China (NEC). A significant shift to less precipitation occurred in 1999–2012 as compared with that in 1984–1998. The reduced precipitation in the later period is closely associated with the large‐scale anomalous high pressure over East Asia and anomalous descending motion over NEC. Furthermore, the significant reductions in the total cloud cover and moisture content also contribute to the reduced precipitation over NEC. To investigate the possible mechanism for the decadal shift of summer precipitation, a northeast Asian summer monsoon (NEASM) index is defined to describe the monsoon circulation over NEC. The results indicate that the NEASM has weakened since 1999 and is concurrent with the shift of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) to the negative phase. Warming sea surface temperature (SST) in the North Pacific can zonally reduce the land‐sea thermal contrast and lead to a weak NEASM. Further investigation indicates that the negative phase of the PDO has significant impacts on the atmospheric circulation associated with the NEASM. Additionally, changes in synchronous Arctic sea ice cover (SIC) also likely induce an anomalous sinking movement and weaken water vapour transport; thus, the summer precipitation over NEC decreases.
A hybrid procedure for classifying synoptic weather types for Louisiana, USA
Authors: Lewis Amanda B. , Keim Barry D. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTA hybrid synoptic classification procedure for classifying Louisiana weather types based on the manual Muller system is presented. This procedure produces a synoptic classification system for Louisiana that harnesses the strengths of both manual and automated classifications, while eliminating the weaknesses. The Muller weather types archive from 1981 to 2001 is used in conjunction with the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR)/National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Reanalysis dataset to develop sea level pressure composites for each Muller weather type. The composites are used as seeds in an automated correlation‐based algorithm to generate weather types from 1981 to 2001. Results of the automated procedure are compared to the Muller weather type catalog. Despite systematic differences between the two classifications, including the inability of the hybrid procedure to identify frontal placement, the hybrid classification correctly matched the Muller weather type for 52% of the seed days. In addition, the automated catalog captured the seasonal distribution and interannual variability of the Muller types remarkably well. The hybrid synoptic weather classification system applied to weather properties at Shreveport and New Orleans showed significant differences between weather types. The automated procedure does not replicate the Muller weather type classification exactly; however, it is homogenous within itself and has value for describing the variability of surface weather in Louisiana. In fact, it is arguably advantageous for some applications, owing to its objectivity, speed, and reproducibility.
The effect of nitrification inhibitors on the nitrous oxide (N2O) release from agricultural soils—a review
Authors: Ruser Reiner , Schulz Rudolf 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe use of nitrification inhibitors (NI) is a technique which is able to improve N fertilizer use efficiency, to reduce nitrate leaching and to decrease the emission of the climate‐relevant gas N2O simultaneously, particularly in moderately fertilized agricultural systems adapted to plant N demand. The ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) is the first enzyme which is involved in the oxidation of NH$ _4^+ $ to NO$ _3^ - $ in soils. The inhibition of the AMO by NIs directly decreases the nitrification rate and it reduces the NO$ _3^- $ concentration which serves as substrate for denitrification. Hence, the two main pathways of N2O production in soils are blocked or their source strength is at least decreased. Although it has been shown that archaea are also able to oxidize NH3, results from literature suggest that the enzymatic activity of NH3 oxidizing bacteria is the most important target for NIs because it was much stronger affected. The application of NIs to reduce N2O emissions is most effective under conditions in which the NI remains close to the N ‐ fertilizer. This is the case when the NI was sprayed on mineral ‐ N fertilizer granules or thoroughly mixed with liquid fertilizers. Most serious problems of spatial separation of NI and substrate emerge on pasture soils, where N2O hotspots occur under urine and to a lesser extent under manure patches. From the few studies on the effect of different NI quantities it seems that the amount of NI necessary to reduce N2O emissions is below the recommendations for NI amounts in practice.NIs can improve the fertilizer value of liquid manure. For instance, the addition of NIs to slurry can increase N uptake and yield of crops when NO$ _3^ - $ ‐ N leaching losses are reduced. It has clearly been demonstrated that NIs added to cattle slurry are very effective in reducing N2O as well as NO emissions after surface application and injection of slurry into grassland soils. In flooded rice systems NIs can reduce CH4 emission significantly, whereas the effect on CO2 emission is varying. On the other hand, as an effect of the delay of nitrification by NIs, NH3 emission might increase when N fertilizers are not incorporated into the soil. As compared to other measures NIs have a high potential to reduce N2O emissions from agricultural soils. Further, no other measure has so consistently been proofed according its efficiency to reduce N2O emissions. From the published data [Akiyama et al. (2010) and more recent data from the years 2010–2013; 140 data sets in total] a reduction potential of approx. 35% seems realistic; however, further measurements in different management systems, particularly in regions with intense frost/thaw cycles seem necessary to confirm this reduction potential. These measurements generally should cover a whole annual cycle.
“The Constant State of Becoming”: Power, Identity, and Discomfort on the Anti‐Oppressive Learning Journey
Authors: Hart Andrew , Montague Jane 
Published: February 2015

The development of a clear personal and professional identity—“knowing oneself”—is frequently cited as a key factor in supporting anti‐oppressive practice. In the field of health and social care, work placements are a major vehicle for equipping students to become anti‐oppressive practitioners committed to making effective diversity interventions in a range of organizational settings. This article highlights some of the tensions inherent in the formation of such an identity and pays particular attention to issues such as discomfort, power inequalities, the discursive production of the self, and ways in which educational and workplace organizational settings can simultaneously promote and inhibit such identity development. The article concludes that the discomfort experienced by students as part of this learning process is not only inevitable but necessary to becoming an anti‐oppressive practitioner and that the narrative process offers ways of empowering both students and service users to challenge oppression.
Does Tourism Really Lead to Peace? A Global View
Authors: Pratt Stephen , Liu Anyu 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThere has been much rhetoric about tourism's role in promoting world peace. This research takes a global perspective examining the relationship between peace and tourism across 111 different countries using a panel data model using two indicators, international tourist arrivals and the Institute for Economics and Peace's Global Peace Index. The results indicate that tourism is the beneficiary of peace rather than grounds for peace. Peace is most important to tourism in medium income destinations but still important for high income nations. No relationship exists between peace and tourism arrivals for low income nations. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Incorporation of Consumer Experience into the Branding Process: An Investigation of Name‐Brand Hotels
Authors: Manthiou Aikaterini , Kang Juhee , Sumarjan Norzuwana , Tang Liang (Rebecca) 
Published: February 2015

AbstractGiven the growing number of hotel brands, improving consumer experience has become an increasingly important area of interest to industry practitioners. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between hotel guests' brand experience, knowledge and loyalty to name‐brand hotels. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling with the incorporation of a second‐order factor analysis were employed to achieve the research goals. The findings indicate that brand experience was represented as a holistic concept with sensory, affective, behavioral and intellectual aspects. While brand experience influences brand loyalty, its impact is partially mediated by brand knowledge. This is a pioneer study that combines consumer experience with branding in the hospitality industry and offers practical suggestions to facilitate hotel managers in their development of effective branding strategies. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modulation of cellular glucose metabolism in human HepG2 cells by combinations of structurally related flavonoids
Authors: Kerimi Asimina , Jailani Fadhilah , Williamson Gary 
Published: February 2015

ScopeInsulin‐regulated glucose metabolism in cells is critical for proper metabolic functioning, and insulin resistance leads to type 2 diabetes. We performed a human study to assess the availability of structurally related dietary flavonols and tested their ability to affect cellular glucose uptake, metabolism, and glucose transporter gene expression in a liver HepG2 cell model.Methods and resultsEight healthy volunteers consumed a meal containing galangin, kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin. In plasma, myricetin was absent, but the others were present, mostly as conjugates. In HepG2 cells, a combination of galangin, kaempferol, and quercetin (5 μM each) for 12 h increased the acute uptake of [U‐14C]‐glucose and 2‐[U‐14C]‐deoxyglucose by almost 100 and ∼10%, respectively. All of the combinations increased glucose metabolism, but the effect on transport was less pronounced and mixed. A mixture of all flavonols significantly increased mRNA expression of the main glucose transporter Glut1 in HepG2 cells.ConclusionThese results for the first time show the presence of galangin conjugates in human plasma, and allow direct comparison between absorption of flavonols. A combination of flavonols has the potential to modulate sugar metabolism, both uptake into cells as evident from effects on deoxyglucose, and also further cellular glucose metabolism.
Quercetin ameliorates dysregulation of lipid metabolism genes via the PI3K/AKT pathway in a diet‐induced mouse model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Pisonero‐Vaquero Sandra , Martínez‐Ferreras Ángel , García‐Mediavilla María Victoria , Martínez‐Flórez Susana , Fernández Anna , Benet Marta , Olcoz José Luis , Jover Ramiro , González‐Gallego Javier , Sánchez‐Campos Sonia 
Published: February 2015

ScopeFlavonoids and related compounds seem to have favorable effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression, although the exact mechanisms implicated are poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of the flanovol quercetin on gene expression deregulation involved in the development of NAFLD, as well as the possible implication of phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway modulation.Methods and resultsWe used an in vivo model based on methionine‐ and choline‐deficient (MCD) diet‐fed mice and an in vitro model consisting of Huh7 cells incubated with MCD medium. MCD‐fed mice showed classical pathophysiological characteristics of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, associated with altered transcriptional regulation of fatty acid uptake‐ and trafficking‐related gene expression, with increased lipoperoxidation. PI3K/AKT pathway was activated by MCD and triggered gene deregulation causing either activation or inhibition of all studied genes as demonstrated through cell incubation with the PI3K‐inhibitor LY294002. Treatment with quercetin reduced AKT phosphorylation, and oxidative/nitrosative stress, inflammation and lipid metabolism‐related genes displayed a tendency to normalize in both in vivo and in vitro models.ConclusionThese results place quercetin as a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing NAFLD progression by attenuating gene expression deregulation, at least in part through PI3K/AKT pathway inactivation.
Temperature dependence on RF avalanche breakdown of RF mosfets in the impact ionization region
Authors: Lee Chie‐In , Lin Wei‐Cheng , Lin Yan‐Ting 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTIn this article, temperature dependence on radio‐frequency (RF) avalanche effects of metal–oxide–semiconductor field‐effect transistors (MOSFETs) in the impact ionization region is investigated using RF measurements for the first time. Equivalent circuit parameters of MOSFETs including the inductive breakdown network are extracted from low to high temperatures to characterize device performance and its temperature dependency in the breakdown regime. At elevated temperatures, inductive behavior resulting from a RF avalanche mechanism becomes evident due to the pronounced inductive network with increasing temperature. When the RF avalanche mechanism is not considered, a deviation of the extracted channel resistance increases with raising temperature. The effect of inductive breakdown on output voltage standing wave ratio performance when designing an output matching network for the MOSFETs is also analyzed at different temperatures. The presented analysis of temperature dependence on device performance can be beneficial to RF power amplifier design in the breakdown region for high‐altitude applications at different temperatures. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:817–820, 2015
A tunable ultrawideband digital impulse generator in 0.18 μm CMOS
Authors: Yoo Hyun Jin , Park Myung Cheol , Kwon Ickjin , Eo Yun Seong 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTAll digitally reconfigurable ultrawideband (UWB) pulse generator is presented. To achieve independent tuning of the frequency and bandwidth, the variable time delay cell and combining amplifiers for the pulse width control are implemented. In addition, to meet the strict regulation of UWB spectrum mask, the pulse shaper based on weighted summing amplifiers is adopted. The experimental results cover the 3–5.5 GHz, with 500–2000 MHz bandwidth while meeting the −41.3 dBm/MHz power spectral density restriction. The current consumption is only 4 mA at 4 GHz and the chip size is 0.42 mm2 in 0.18 μm CMOS process. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:865–868, 2015