Abstract P5-02-02: Factors influencing time to seeking medical advice and start of treatment in breast cancer (BC) patients – an International survey
Authors: Jassem J , Ozmen V , Bacanu F , Drobniene M , Eglitis J , Kahan Z , Lakshmaiah K , Mardiak J , Pienkowski T , Semiglazova T , Stamatovic L , Timcheva C , Vasovics S , Vrbanec D , Zaborek P 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Background. We earlier reported patient-related factors influencing the delay in first medical advice for signs of BC in selected countries (J Clin Oncol 2012;30[15S]:578s). The present analysis, which includes additional countries, addresses the factors influencing time from first symptoms of BC to initiation of treatment (Total Delay Time; TDT).
Methods. A total of 6,588 female BC patients from 11 countries were surveyed using a uniform questionnaire translated into local languages. TDT was determined using 8 individual scales, including one pertaining to patient delay and 7 related to subsequent steps in a typical diagnostic process. Regression models were constructed using 18 variables concerning diverse contextual and personal patient characteristics. Due to expected differences in the relevant sets of predictors, time between first symptoms and first medical visit (Patient Delay Time; PDT) and time between first medical visit and start of therapy (System Delay Time; SDT) were modeled separately, with multilevel regression.
Results. Mean TDT varied in individual countries from 11.5 to 29.4 weeks (grand mean of 14.3 weeks; see table), with 43% of cases with a delay of &gt;12 weeks. Multilevel regression equation indicated that factors significantly correlated with longer PDT were distrust in the medical system and ignoring disease. Patients with fear of the disease, stronger self-examination habits, at least secondary education, being employed, reporting more support from friends and family, and living in cities of &gt;100,000 inhabitants had shorter PDT. Predictors of shorter SDT included being diagnosed by an oncologist vs. other physician, having at least secondary education, being older than 60 years, having a history of cancer in female relatives and having breast lump vs. other BC symptoms. Indicators of longer SDT were PDT &gt;4 weeks, more than one BC symptom detected by patient, distrust in the medical system, disregard of BC signs, less support from friends and family, and having first medical examination in a public vs. private medical center. Individual countries differed significantly with regard to intercept of the multilevel models and slopes of regression coefficients for selected psychological and behavioral attributes.
Conclusions. An extensive set of variables potentially impacting delay times, mainly related to psychological and behavioral patient attributes, was examined. Several of them strongly determined both PDT and SDT, but their strength differed between individual countries. Both models (for PDT and SDT), although statistically significant, accounted for approximately 20% of variance in time; therefore other variables, e.g. related to the differences in national healthcare systems (not addressed in this study) might have a stronger impact on delays in the initiation of BC therapy and warrant further analyses.

Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-02-02.