bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gestión integral del mantenimiento de los equipos productivos en la Empresa Pulpa Moldeada ¨PULPAMOL¨ [Integral management of the maintenance of production equipment in the Pulpa Moldeada ¨PULPAMOL¨ company]
Authors: Cevallos-Betún Segundo Ángel , Córdova-Peñafiel Diego Trajano , Guerra-Salazar Juan Luis 
Published: August 2024

La gestión del mantenimiento es un conjunto de actividades que están relacionadas directamente con los procesos productivos, que tiene como finalidad garantizar la confiabilidad y disponibilidad de los equipos, máquinas e instalaciones, mejorando así las condiciones operativas de las distintas áreas de trabajo. Debido a lo expuesto, se tiene por objetivo elaborar un plan de mantenimiento preventivo de la empresa PULMALOL S.A. Metodología descriptiva. Esta investigación permitió determinar que PULPAMOL S.A. cuenta con 65 equipos de producción distribuidos en 2 procesos, 6 subprocesos y 4 sistemas auxiliares. La creación de fichas técnicas y hojas de vida organizó de manera adecuada la información crucial sobre estos equipos. Además, la implementación de códigos de mantenimiento resultó beneficiosa, ya que facilita la identificación y localización rápida y efectiva de la maquinaria dentro del proceso productivo, permitiendo un registro preciso y correcto de las fallas.
Antibiotic Resistance: Targeting Extensively Drug Resistant (XDR)<i> Salmonella Typhi</i>
Authors: Salman Ahmad  , Ullah Kaleem , Shahbaz Sharif  , Naseer Ahmad  , Bahar Ali  
Published: August 2024

Typhoid fever is one of the most life-threatening bacterial infections and is caused by the gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi). It is a significant worldwide health hazard and an important cause of fatalities in growing nations. Salmonella is spread through consuming contaminated food and water. Once the infection occurs, its symptoms, like high fever, abdominal pain, rash, constipation, weakness, headache and poor appetite etc. Particularly seen in Pakistan is the alarming rise in the burden of typhoid due to the multi-drug-resistant (MDR) and extensive drug-resistant (XDR) Strains. In Pakistan, the current reports of extensive drug-resistant (XDR) strain outbreaks are not just a significant central issue in Pakistan but additionally affect public health across the world. The MDR S. Typhi Strains consist of the H58 (Haplotype) lineage and are associated with the IncHI1 plasmid, which also resists chloramphenicol, ampicillin, trimethoprim, and sulfamethoxazole and also shows resistance against fluoroquinolones. The XDR S. Typhi Strains carry the IncHI1 and IncY plasmids, which encode several antibiotic resistance genes. The IncY plasmid carries genes that resist the genes qnrS1 for quinolone resistance and blaCTX-M-15, an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL). The point mutation that occurred on the AcrB R717Q/L gene also showed resistance against azithromycin. Azithromycin and carbapenems are helpful medications that are generally used for typhoid treatment. The increasing fluoroquinolone non-susceptibility rates and medical shortcomings brought on by azithromycin. The XDR S. Typhi Strains also show resistance to azithromycin and carbapenems due to the irregular use of medication, which creates big problems for public health. In this review, we also observed that XDR S. Typhi strains are reported in other countries, with a history of patients traveling from Pakistan. In some areas, the XDR S. Typhi has not emerged before its exposure, we need to take some precautions, and the health authorities are responsible for controlling the XDR S. Typhi exposure. Formulating specific SOPs, raising community awareness about XDR S.Typhi, and executing prevention strategies are vital steps, especially in Pakistan because where drug resistance is common, due to self-medication and improper antibiotic practices.
REDUCIBILITY STUDIES ON PELLETS PRODUCED FROM NIGERIAN IRON ORES
Authors: Ocheri C. , Mbah C.N , Alabi O.O 
Published: August 2024

The reducibility studies on the produced pellets from Itakpe and Agbaja iron ore blends were carried out. The chemical, morphology and structural analysis of the ores were examined using Thermogravimetry (TG), Differential Thermal Analyzer (DTA), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Optical and Electron Microscopy showing the microstructure of the pellets and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS).The reducibility studies were performed using a muffle furnace. The produced pellets were taken inside stainless steel containers with diameter 60.75 mm x 59.40 mm inside diameter with mouths tightly closed by an air tight cover having an outlet for exit gas , The SEM and EDS tests were performed to study the morphology of the pellets .The reduced pellets at 800oC for 120mins gave an iron(Fe) value of 4.5 wt% , at 920oC for 120mins, iron content(Fe) value obtained was 84.5wt% and at 1000oC and 120mins the iron (Fe) content value was 6.4wt% while the selected samples of the pellets from Agbaja iron ore at the same temperatures were 800oC for 120mins, the iron(Fe) content was 40.7wt%, at 920oC for 120mins, the iron (Fe) content value was 60.2wt% and at 1000oC for 120 mins the iron (Fe) content was 56.2wt% . The Itakpe pellets exhibited better reducibility than the Agbaja pellets when subjected to the same conditions.
Antropologia/Sittlichkeit: due scienze dell’Hegel ‘maturo’ per l’unico tragitto dalla necessità naturale alla libertà spirituale
Authors: Ricci Vittorio 
Published: August 2024

The freedom is the absolute ‘keyword’ and the totalizing reality in Hegel’s thought, philosophical evolution and system. Its determination yields a continuous labor with several phases, corrections, new elaborations from the early formulations and drafts to the mature conceptions and writings. In spite of its polymorphous complexities, its fundamental and inescapable feature is the ‘ universal’ condition of spirit out of natural conditions, in the sense that spirit has to become nature to itself and in the same time its sole nature. This determination is possible only for and in the system, because the freedom is the a ‘ systematic’ process of various constitutive processes and its complete result. Sittlichkeit is the item characterizing this highly complicate path faced by Hegel and representing also his philosophical production from its beginning to its end. The intricate enchainment between the consciousness and ethical entity including multifaceted forms of spiritual life has induced to start individualizing in the Sittlichkeit the principle or ‘ Idea’ of an early, very promising ‘system’. But only after facing consciousness’ essence and function inside the whole system, it has been possible to grasp the nature of Seele and so the anthropology, that is the true fulcrum of every systematic sections and their same justification, so that the ethical in its any direction and declination has been properly clarified
Respons(H)abileté : tisser des mots de responsabilité à travers les histoires
Authors: Belanger Mariel 
Published: August 2024

Cet article est un T(ante / anti) (« AuNTIe ») essai qui appelle à de meilleures façons d’être et de faire que les pratiques du statu quo qui sont actuellement en place dans le monde universitaire. Une tantine autochtone en colère vous donne un cours en vous expliquant pourquoi les modes de connaissance autochtones ne sont pas des outils (comme le sont l’entrevue ou l’enquête) que les universitaires peuvent coloniser pour en faire un usage méthodologique libre et gratuit. Cette tantine aborde la démoralisation qui se produit lorsqu’on place l’« autre » autochtone, étudiant·e, dans la position où iel doit se faire professeur·e d’épistémologie pan-autochtone. Je discute de ma compréhension du devoir de diligence au sein de la recherche, en prenant des précautions pour prédire ce qui pourrait arriver à d’autres lorsque ce devoir est appliqué à la compréhension de la performance ethnographique dans un cours.
Assessment of inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the Luna EMG robot as a tool for assessing upper limb proprioception in patients with stroke—a prospective observational study
Authors: Leszczak Justyna , Pniak Bogumiła , Drużbicki Mariusz , Poświata Anna , Mikulski Michał , Roksela Anna , Guzik Agnieszka 
Published: August 2024

Background
The aim of the study was to assess the inter-rater and intra-rater agreement of measurements performed with the Luna EMG (electromyography) multifunctional robot, a tool for evaluation of upper limb proprioception in individuals with stroke.

Methods
The study was conducted in a group of patients with chronic stroke. A total of 126 patients participated in the study, including 78 women and 48 men, on average aged nearly 60 years (mean = 59.9). Proprioception measurements were performed using the Luna EMG diagnostic and rehabilitation robot to assess the left and right upper limbs. The examinations were conducted by two raters, twice, two weeks apart. The results were compared between the raters and the examinations.

Results
High consistency of the measurements performed for the right and the left hand was reflected by the interclass correlation coefficients (0.996–0.998 and 0.994–0.999, respectively) and by Pearson’s linear correlation which was very high (r = 1.00) in all the cases for the right and the left hand in both the inter-rater and intra-rater agreement analyses.

Conclusions
Measurements performed by the Luna EMG diagnostic and rehabilitation robot demonstrate high inter-rater and intra-rater agreement in the assessment of upper limb proprioception in patients with chronic stroke. The findings show that Luna EMG is a reliable tool enabling effective evaluation of upper limb proprioception post-stroke.
Biophysical Factors Influencing Fall Armyworm Damage in Maize: Insights from Morphological Traits and Cob Characteristics
Authors: Sugeetha G. , Adwaitha M. V. , Reddy K. S. Nikhil , Mahadevu P. 
Published: August 2024

Aims: Influence of different morphological (biophysical) parameters on the incidence of fall armyworm.
Sample: All the observations on plant morphological traits and collection of plant samples for biochemical analysis were made at two respective crop growth stages of maize i.e., five leaf stage (V5) and at tasseling stage (VT) which coincides at 30 and 60 days after sowing respectively. Whereas, cob samples were collected at reproductive stage of the crop.
Study Design: Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD).
Place and Duration of Study: Zonal Agricultural Research Station (ZARS), V. C. Farm, Mandya duringKharif2020-21.
Methodology: The plant height, leaf length and leaf width of the crop was recorded with the help of a measuring tape. The stem diameter of the crop was recorded using Vernier. The trichomes of a leaf were counted under a binocular microscope from 1 cm2 area of a leaf. The number of stomata on leaves was counted by using compound microscope from an area of 1 mm2 of a leaf. The leaf colour was recorded using 1 to 4 colour index. The length of central spike of a tassel was recorded with the help of measuring tape. The height of the cob above the soil level was recorded with the help of measuring tape up to the node position of cob at silking stage. The cob length and cob diameter were measured using measuring tape and vernier calipers respectively and then the mean was calculated.
Results: The morphological traits like plant height (0.56* & 0.10) and leaf length (0.46* & 0.04) are positively correlated, whereas, leaf width had a positive (0.63**) and negative correlation (-0.23) with leaf damage at 30 and 60 DAS, respectively. Stem girth (-0.33 & -0.67**) and trichome no. (-0.71** & -0.60**) were negatively correlated, leaf color had a negative (-0.05) and positive (0.32) correlation, no. of leaves had a positive (0.43) and negative correlation (-0.06) at 30 and 60 DAS, respectively, whereas, stomatal density on upper (-0.33) and lower (-0.32) leaves was negatively correlated with leaf damage at 30 DAS. The biophysical parameters in cob samples like tassel length (-0.144) had negative, cob length (0.561*) had positive, cob diameter (-0.47*) had positive and ear height (-0.161) had negative association with leaf damage rating.
Conclusion: Morphological traits of maize inbreds influence fall armyworm infestation. At 30 DAS, infestation positively correlated with plant height, leaf length, leaf width, but negatively with trichomes. At 60 DAS, infestation correlated negatively with trichomes and stem girth positively with leaf color.
Antimicrobial Materials for Medical Devices
Authors: Szycher Michael 
Published: September 2015

Antimicrobial materials and technologies, including antimicrobial polymers and polymeric biocides, silver, and copper antimicrobial technologies, and antimicrobial textiles exhibit antimicrobial activity: the ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, yeast, and algae. The design and application of antimicrobial materials is a rapidly growing field. There is an urgent need for infection prevention strategies that do not require the use of antibiotics, which exacerbate the rise of multidrug‐ and pan‐drug‐resistant infectious microorganisms, particularly in the medical field.The article presents antimicrobial polymeric systems, their mechanism of action, and various applications for medical and health care use: industrial, agricultural, architectural, heating, ventilation, and air‐conditioning (HVAC), and consumer goods. Related aspects of antimicrobial resistance, multidrug‐resistant organisms, and biofouling are also discussed.
Oxidative Cleavage of Furans
Authors: Merino Pedro 
Published: September 2015

AbstractOxidative ring cleavage reactions of furans constitute a group of important transformations that have found wide utility in synthetic organic chemistry. These processes have been used to prepare a variety of 1,4‐dicarbonyl compounds including 1,4‐dioxoalkenes, 4‐oxoalkenals, 4‐oxoalkenoic acids, and their derivatives such as 4‐hydroxybutenolides and 2,5‐dialkoxydihydrofurans. Oxidations of furfuryl alcohols (Achmatowicz reaction) and furfuryl amines (aza‐Achmatowicz reaction) provide access to highly functionalized heterocyclic structures that have been employed as intermediates in synthetic routes for the preparation of complex molecules including carbohydrates and alkaloids. Complete oxidative degradation of the furan ring affords carboxylic acids; thus the oxygen heterocycle has served as a masked carboxyl group in many synthetic studies. These transformations and their applications in total syntheses are covered in this chapter.
Carbozincation Reactions of Carbon–Carbon Multiple Bonds
Authors: Sklute Genia , Cavender Hannah , Marek Ilan 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis review summarizes the field of carbozincation of alkenes and alkynes. It includes uncatalysed‐, catalyzed‐, and promoted‐addition of orgnozinc derivatives across the unsaturated bond in alkenes and alkynes. For each reaction, the scope and limitations are discussed with specific emphasis on mechanism and stereochemistry. Experimental conditions and procedures are also presented.
Water consumption patterns as a basis for water demand modeling
Authors: Avni Noa , Fishbain Barak , Shamir Uri 
Published: September 2015

AbstractFuture water demand is a main consideration in water system management. Consequently, water demand models (WDMs) have evolved in past decades, identifying principal demand‐generating factors and modeling their influence on water demand. Regional water systems serve consumers of various types (e.g., municipalities, farmers, industrial regions) and consumption patterns. Thus, one of the challenges in regional water demand modeling is the heterogeneity of the consumers served by the water system. When a high‐resolution, regional WDM is desired, accounting for this heterogeneity becomes all the more important. This paper presents a novel approach to regional water demand modeling. The two‐step approach includes aggregating the data set into groups of consumers having similar consumption characteristics, and developing a WDM for each homogeneous group. The development of WDMs is widely applied in the literature and thus, the focus of this paper is to discuss the first step of data aggregation. The research hypothesis is that water consumption records in their original or transformed form can provide a basis for aggregating the data set into groups of consumers with similar consumption characteristics. This paper presents a methodology for water consumption data clustering by comparing several data representation methods (termed Feature Vectors): monthly normalized average, monthly consumption coefficient of variation, a combination of the monthly average and monthly variation, and the autocorrelation coefficients of the consumption time series. Clustering using solely normalized monthly average provided homogeneous and distinct clusters with respect to monthly consumption, which succeed in capturing different consumer characteristics (water use, geographical location) that were not specified a‐priori. Clustering using the monthly coefficient of variation provided different, yet homogeneous clusters, clustering consumers characterized by similar variation trends that were closely related to consumer water use type. The concatenation of these two Feature Vectors provided further insight into the relationship between consumption patterns and variability of consumers. An autocorrelation Feature Vector provided results that can form a basis for constructing a time‐series model that is based on a group of resembling time series. The approaches presented here are steps toward utilizing the increasing amount of available water consumption data and data analysis techniques to facilitate the modeling of water demands in larger and heterogeneous regions with sufficient resolution.
Coupling atmospheric mercury isotope ratios and meteorology to identify sources of mercury impacting a coastal urban‐industrial region near Pensacola, Florida, USA
Authors: Demers Jason D. , Sherman Laura S. , Blum Joel D. , Marsik Frank J. , Dvonch J. Timothy 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIdentifying the anthropogenic and natural sources of mercury (Hg) emissions contributing to atmospheric mercury on local, regional, and global scales continues to be a grand challenge. The relative importance of various direct anthropogenic emissions of mercury, in addition to natural geologic sources and reemission of previously released and deposited mercury, differs regionally and temporally. In this study, we used local‐scale, mesoscale, and synoptic‐scale meteorological analysis to couple the isotopic composition of ambient atmospheric mercury with potential sources of mercury contributing to a coastal urban‐industrial setting near a coal‐fired power plant in Pensacola, Florida, USA. We were able to broadly discern four influences on the isotopic composition of ambient atmospheric mercury impacting this coastal urban‐industrial region: (1) local to regional urban‐industrial anthropogenic emissions (mean δ202Hg = 0.44 ± 0.05‰, 1SD, n = 3), (2) marine‐influenced sources derived from the Gulf of Mexico (mean δ202Hg = 0.77 ± 0.15‰, 1SD, n = 4), (3) continental sources associated with north‐northwesterly flows from within the planetary boundary layer (mean δ202Hg = 0.65 ± 0.04‰, 1SD, n = 3), and (4) continental sources associated with north‐northeasterly flows at higher altitudes (i.e., 2000 m above ground level; mean δ202Hg = 1.10 ± 0.21‰, 1SD, n = 8). Overall, these data, in conjunction with previous studies, suggest that the background global atmospheric mercury pool is characterized by moderately positive δ202Hg values; that urban‐industrial emissions drive the isotopic composition of ambient atmospheric mercury toward lower δ202Hg values; and that air‐surface exchange dynamics across vegetation and soils of terrestrial ecosystems drive the isotopic composition of ambient atmospheric mercury toward higher positive δ202Hg values. The data further suggest that mass‐independent fractionation (MIF) of both even‐mass‐ and odd‐mass‐number isotopes, likely generated by photochemical reactions in the atmosphere or during reemission from terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, can be obscured by mixing with anthropogenic emissions having different MIF signatures.
Initiation of an intraseasonal oscillation in an aquaplanet general circulation model
Authors: Maloney Eric D. , Wolding Brandon O. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractMJO initiation is studied in an aquaplanet general circulation model that has strong and highly regular MJO‐like variability. About 80% of MJO events in the model are found to be successive events, immediately preceded by another strong MJO event. Hence, the dynamics of MJO initiation in the model are dominated by interactions with preceding events. Rossby gyres associated with the previous cycle of suppressed MJO convection to the east are shown to help initiate the next cycle of MJO convection in the western warm pool, consistent with the recent study of Zhao et al. (2013). Meridional and vertical moisture advection associated with the anomalous Rossby gyres help to moisten the MJO initiation region in advance of convective onset. An experiment is conducted in which circumnavigating Kelvin waves and their influence on the MJO initiation region are suppressed. While MJO activity in the model is just as regular with suppression of circumnavigation, MJO amplitude is reduced relative to the control simulation, especially in the western part of the warm pool. Possible physical mechanisms responsible for this change in MJO amplitude are discussed, including the role of low‐level moisture convergence anomalies induced by circumnavigating Kelvin waves, and interactions with mean state changes.
Symphyseal surface strain during in vitro human mandibular wishboning
Authors: Pampush James D. , Daegling David J. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis research theoretically models and empirically records symphyseal surface strain during in vitro human mandibular wishboning (lateral transverse bending) in order to test one aspect of the hypothesis that the chin is an adaptive response to masticatory stresses. From a perspective of optimality, three questions were tested: 1) Do human mandibles function as curved beams during wishboning? 2) Is the presence of a chin associated with lower than predicted curved beam effects? 3) Are there relatively low strain gradients on the lingual and labial symphyseal surfaces respectively?Materials and MethodsBased on morphometric criteria, theoretical wishboning strains were calculated for five dentate adult human mandibles. The same mandibles were fitted with strain gauges and subjected to simulated wishboning loads. From the empirically‐recorded strains, relative strains were calculated by dividing all strains by the absolute lowest strain in a given specimen. The theoretical and empirical results were compared in order to address the three related questions guiding this research.ResultsHuman mandibles behave as curved beams during wishboning (question 1). Empirical strain measures showed greater disparity both between and within the labial and lingual symphyseal surfaces than the theoretical models predictions (questions 2 and 3).DiscussionHuman symphyseal form, with its distinctive chin, is unlikely to be adapted for countering wishboning loads. Chins are associated with larger than expected strain gradients within and between symphyseal surfaces, which runs counter to the optimality criterion typically invoked in assessing trait performance for signs of adaptation. The implications are twofold: 1) wishboning may not, in fact, be a regular feature of human mastication or 2) wishboning may not pose the same structural risks in human jaws as this load does in other anthropoid primates. Am J Phys Anthropol 159:256–266, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.