bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical image registration‐based retrieval using distance metrics
Authors: Ayyachamy Swarnambiga , Manivannan Vasuki S. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTIn this article, registration and retrieval are carried out separately for medical images and then registration‐based retrieval is performed. It is aimed to provide a more thorough insight on the use of registration, retrieval, and registration‐based retrieval algorithm for medical images. The purpose of this work is to deal these techniques with anatomical imaging modalities for clinical diagnosis, treatment, intervention, and surgical planning in a more effective manner. Two steps are implemented. In the first step, the affine transformation‐based registration for medical image is processed. The second step is the retrieval of medical images processed by using seven distance metrics such as euclidean, manhattan, mahalanobis, canberra, bray‐curtis, squared chord, chi‐squared, and also by using the features like mean, standard deviation, skewness, energy, and entropy. Now images registered by affine transformation are applied for retrieval. In this work, both registration and retrieval techniques in medical domain share some common image processing steps and required to be integrated in a larger system to complement each other. Experimental results, it is evident that euclidean and manhattan produces 100% precision and 35% recall found to have higher performance in retrieval. From the four anatomical modalities considered (brain, chest, liver, and limbs) brain image has better registration. It is also found that though the registration of images changes the orientation, for better performance of images in clinical evaluation it does not widely affect the retrieval performance. In the medical domain the ultimate aim of this work is to provide diagnostic support to physicians and radiologists by displaying relevant past cases, along with proven pathologies as ground truth from experimental results. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 23, 360–371, 2013
Design of a low cross‐talk micro‐coil array for micro‐scale MRI
Authors: Dehkhoda Fahimeh , Mohammadzadeh Mohammad , Frounchi Javad 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTDesign of magnetic resonance micro‐coil arrays with low cross‐talk among the coils can be the main challenge to improve the effectiveness of magnetic resonance micro‐imaging because the electrical cross‐talk which is mainly due to the inductive coupling perturbs the sensitivity profile of the array and causes image artifacts. In this work, a capacitive decoupling network with N(M − 1) + (N − 1)(M − 2) capacitors is proposed to reduce the inductive coupling in an N × M array. A 3 × 3 array of optimized micro‐coils is designed using the finite element simulations and all the needed elements for the array equivalent circuit are extracted in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed decoupling method by assessing the reduction of the coupled signals after employing the capacitive network on the circuit. The achieved results for the designed array show that the high cross‐talk level is reduced by the factor of 2.2–3.4 after employing the capacitive network. By employing this method of decoupling, the adjacent coils in each row and inner columns can be decoupled properly while the minimum decoupling belongs to the outer columns because of the lack of all necessary decoupling capacitances for these columns. The main advantages of the proposed decoupling method are its efficiency and design easiness which facilitates the design of dense arrays with the properly decoupled coils, especially the inner coils which are more coupled due to their neighbors. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 23, 353–359, 2013
Segmentation of scanning electron microscopy images from natural rubber samples with gold nanoparticles using starlet wavelets
Authors: de Siqueira Alexandre Fioravante , Cabrera Flávio Camargo , Pagamisse Aylton , Job Aldo Eloizo 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTElectronic microscopy has been used for morphology evaluation of different materials structures. However, microscopy results may be affected by several factors. Image processing methods can be used to correct and improve the quality of these results. In this article, we propose an algorithm based on starlets to perform the segmentation of scanning electron microscopy images. An application is presented in order to locate gold nanoparticles in natural rubber membranes. In this application, our method showed accuracy greater than 85% for all test images. Results given by this method will be used in future studies, to computationally estimate the density distribution of gold nanoparticles in natural rubber samples and to predict reduction kinetics of gold nanoparticles at different time periods. Microsc. Res. Tech. 77:71–78, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ultrastructural and three‐dimensional study of post‐LASIK ectasia cornea
Authors: Akhtar Saeed , Alkatan Hind , Kirat Omar , Almubrad Turki 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Post‐laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) corneal ectasia is a serious late postoperative complication. Here, we report the ultrastructural features of the post‐LASIK cornea of two patients. METHODS: Two normal corneas (age 24 and 37 years old) and two post‐LASIK ectaic corneas from two patients (A and B) were studied. The “patient A” (age 27 years) underwent penetrating keratoplasty and “patient B” (age 31 years) underwent deep‐anterior lamellar keratoplasty. The excised corneas were processed for light and electron microscopy. A total of 120 images for three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction were taken by using the software “Recorder” and using a bottom mounted camera “Quemesa” attached to a JOEL 1400 transmission electron microscope. The 3D images were constructed using “Visual Kai” software. RESULTS: In the post‐LASIK cornea, the hemidesmosomes, the basement membrane, and Bowman”s layer were abnormal. The stromal lamellae were thin and disorganized. The collagen fibrils (CFs) diameter and interfibrillar spacing had decreased. Aggregated microfibrils were present in the Bowman's layer and all parts of the stroma. A large number of microfilaments were present at the detachment end of the flap and residual stroma. The 3D images showed the presence of collagen microfibrils and proteoglycans (PGs) within the CF of the normal and post‐LASIK cornea. The collagen microfibrils and PGs within the CFs had degenerated in the post‐LASIK cornea. CONCLUSION: Collagen microfibrils and PGs within the CFs were degenerated, leading to the degeneration of CFs, followed by the disorganization of lamellae in post‐LASIK cornea. The CFs diameter and interfibrillar spacing decreased. Microsc. Res. Tech. 77:91–98, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ultrashort Echo Time (UTE) imaging of receptor targeted magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in mouse tumor models
Authors: Wang Liya , Zhong Xiaodong , Qian Weiping , Huang Jing , Cao Zehong , Yu Qiqi , Lipowska Malgorzata , Lin Run , Wang Andrew , Yang Lily , Mao Hui 
Published: November 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate an ultrashort echo time (UTE) imaging approach for improving the detection of receptor targeted magnetic nanoparticles in cancer xenograft models using positive contrast.Materials and MethodsIron oxide nanoparticle (IONP) conjugated with tumor targeting ligands were prepared. A 3D UTE gradient echo sequence with the shortest TE of 0.07 msec was evaluated on a 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner using IONP solution, cancer cells bound with targeted IONPs and orthotopic human pancreatic, and breast cancer mouse models administered tumor targeting IONPs. A simulation was performed to analyze contrast‐to‐noise ratios (CNR) of UTE images and subtraction of the images obtained UTE and longer TE (SubUTE). T2‐weighted imaging and T2 relaxometry mapping were applied for comparison and validation.ResultsUTE and SubUTE images showed positive contrast in pancreatic tumors accumulated with EGFR targeted ScFvEGFR‐IONPs and mammary tumors accumulated with uPAR targeted ATF‐IONPs. The positive contrast observed in UTE images was consistent with the negative contrast observed in the T2‐weighted images. A flip angle of 10° and a maximal possible TE for the second echo are suitable for SubUTE imaging.ConclusionUTE imaging is capable of detecting tumor targeted IONPs in vivo with positive contrast in molecular MRI applications. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;40:1071–1081. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Informed consent when prescribing medication: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Glicksman Jordan T. , Sherman Irvin , Rotenberg Brian W. 
Published: November 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo determine patient recall of specific risks associated with medication prescription and whether or not handouts are an effective tool to augment the informed consent process.Study DesignDouble‐blinded, randomized, controlled trial.MethodsInformed consent for prednisone prescriptions was studied by comparing the effect of a verbal discussion (describing 10 specific adverse drug reactions) in conjunction with a handout going over same, to a verbal discussion alone. Blinded assessments occurred by telephone interview 2 to 4 weeks following the intervention. Outcomes assessed were the number of risks of prednisone that patients could list and the number of risks they recalled having discussed with their physician. Other demographic details were also collected.ResultsTwenty‐five participants were randomly allocated to each group. Without prompting, the median number of risks spontaneously recalled by the handout group was not significantly different than the control group, and both groups had very low recall (two vs. one, P = .24). When provided a list of potential side effects, it was observed that the handout group recalled a higher median number of risks having been discussed with their physician compared to patients in the control group (eight vs. five, P = .003). The groups' demographics were otherwise identical.ConclusionsPatients in general did not remember discussing adverse prednisone risks with their physician even a short time after the discussion took place. Although the patient handout resulted in improved recall of risks following the prescription of prednisone, its importance in the informed medication consent process remains an open question.Level of Evidence1b Laryngoscope, 124:1296–1300, 2014
Balloon laryngoplasty for pediatric laryngeal stenosis: Case series and systematic review
Authors: Wentzel Jennifer L. , Ahmad Sidrah M. , Discolo Christopher M. , Gillespie M. Boyd , Dobbie Allison M. , White David R. 
Published: November 2013

Objectives/HypothesisThe aim of this study was to systematically review available literature on the outcomes of children treated with balloon laryngoplasty (BLP) as a primary or adjuvant treatment for subglottic or laryngeal stenosis, as well as briefly report on a new series of 60 children treated at the Medical University of South Carolina from 2007 to 2013.Study DesignReview of published case series and retrospective chart review.MethodsA literature search was performed in PubMed and MEDLINE to identify trials that reported clinical outcomes of BLP in human patients under the age of 18 with subglottic or laryngeal stenosis. Single case reports and series studying the dilation of tracheal or bronchial stenosis alone were excluded. Hospital billing codes were used to identify appropriate patients for retrospective chart review. A successful outcome for chart review was determined to be decannulation of previous tracheostomy or avoidance of open laryngotracheoplasty or tracheostomy.ResultsSeven studies published between 1991 and 2012 met inclusion criteria and reported outcomes with success defined through improvement of symptoms, decrease in Myer‐Cotton level of stenosis, decannulation, or avoidance of reconstructive procedures. Including 60 children from our institution, 202 patients between 1 day and 22 years of age (average 35 months) underwent 457 dilations, with an average of 2.26 dilations per patient (2.25 in our population). The overall success rate was 64% (77% in our population). No complications were reported with subglottic or laryngeal dilations.ConclusionsBLP is a highly effective, low‐risk alternative or adjunct to traditional reconstructive procedures in children with subglottic or laryngeal stenosis.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 124:1707–1712, 2014
Broadband Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy of Functionalized Biobased Castor Oil Copolymer Thermosets
Authors: Madbouly Samy A. , Xia Ying , Kessler Michael R. 
Published: November 2013

Novel biorenewable copolymer thermosets are successfully synthesized by the ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of norbornenyl‐functionalized castor oil (NCO) and norbornenyl‐functionalized castor oil alcohol (NCA) with controlled amounts of 0.8 and 1.8 norbornene rings per fatty acid chain, respectively. The NCO and NCA monomers are mixed in different concentrations and simultaneously polymerized via ROMP using Grubbs catalyst. Broadband dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (BDRS) is used to investigate the molecular dynamics of the fully cured copolymer thermosets over a wide range of frequencies (5 × 10−2 to 0.5 × 107 Hz) at different constant temperatures (−70 to 125 °C). Four phenomena, namely α‐, β‐, and γ‐relaxation processes and ionic conductivity are observed for all the measured samples.
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Genomewide association study in cervical dystonia demonstrates possible association with sodium leak channel
Authors: Mok Kin Y. , Schneider Susanne A. , Trabzuni Daniah , Stamelou Maria , Edwards Mark , Kasperaviciute Dalia , Pickering‐Brown Stuart , Silverdale Monty , Hardy John , Bhatia Kailash P. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTDystonia is a common movement disorder. A number of monogenic causes have been identified. However, the majority of dystonia cases are not explained by single gene defects. Cervical dystonia is one of the commonest forms without genetic causes identified. This pilot study aimed to identify large effect‐size risk loci in cervical dystonia. A genomewide association study (GWAS) was performed. British resident cervical dystonia patients of European descent were genotyped using the Illumina‐610‐Quad. Comparison was made with controls of European descent from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium using logistic regression algorithm from PLINK. SNPs not genotyped by the array were imputed with 1000 Genomes Project data using the MaCH algorithm and minimac. Postimputation analysis was done with the mach2dat algorithm using a logistic regression model. After quality control measures, 212 cases were compared with 5173 controls. No single SNP passed the genomewide significant level of 5 × 10−8 in the analysis of genotyped SNP in PLINK. Postimputation, there were 5 clusters of SNPs that had P value <5 × 10−6, and the best cluster of SNPs was found near exon 1 of NALCN, (sodium leak channel) with P = 9.76 × 10−7. Several potential regions were found in the GWAS and imputation analysis. The lowest P value was found in NALCN. Dysfunction of this ion channel is a plausible cause for dystonia. Further replication in another cohort is needed to confirm this finding. We make this data publicly available to encourage further analyses of this disorder. © 2013 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Taphonomic Study of Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) Bone Modification Resulting from the Burial and Feeding Behavior of the American Burying Beetle (Nicrophorus americanus)
Authors: Dirrigl F. J. , Perrotti L. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTActualistic and observational studies of bird bone disarticulation, wear, and damage contribute to understanding the development of fossil assemblages and distinguishing non‐cultural from cultural deposition. The American burying beetle (Nicrophorus americanus) is known for seeking small bird carcasses to lay eggs and provide food for its brooding larvae. In this study, we examine the resulting body parts of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) carcasses to investigate the taphonomy resulting from the burial and feeding behavior of the beetles. Evidence of breakage, cracking, embedding, flaking, furrowing, pitting, polishing, and staining was observed on the bones of carcasses balled and brooded by the beetles. Based on the results, the implication of potential bird carcass intrusion in archaeological sites, where the beetle is found, is discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Birds in Subsistence and Culture at Viking Age Sites in Denmark
Authors: Gotfredsen A. B. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper reviews the evidence for consumption and use of birds at Danish Viking Age sites. The presence and diversity of wild and domestic bird species were studied on the basis of the avian material retrieved from sites representing a wide range of different habitats covering a period from the Late Germanic Iron Age to early medieval times (ca 5th–12th centuries ad). A large diversity of at least 20 avian families with more than 60 taxa in addition to domestic fowl was documented. Although variation in species diversity and abundance in the assemblages were influenced by recovery methods, some genuine differences emerged regarding site type as well as topographical and geographic variation. Marked differences among avian species within certain bird families were revealed; herons (Ardeidae), birds of prey (Accipitridae), cranes (Gruidae), tetraonids (Tetraonidae) and waders (Scolopacidae) occurred more commonly at certain categories of sites such as high‐status manorial and early urban sites. The usage of eagle feathers was evidenced by cut marks on eagle wing bones and falconry was documented at a few high‐status sites. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PERSONAL AND SCHOOL CULTURAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PERCEPTIONS OF TEACHERS’ EFFICACY IN HANDLING STUDENT MISBEHAVIOR
Authors: Tsouloupas Costas N. , Carson Russell L. , Matthews Russell A. 
Published: November 2013

One approach for understanding teachers’ behavioral responses to classroom student misbehavior is through the perceptions of efficacy in handling this stressor. The present study investigated the relationship and predictive ability of personal and school cultural factors as they relate to perceptions of teachers’ efficacy in handling student misbehavior (TEHSM). Participants were 344 primary (n = 189) and secondary (n = 155), full‐time, public school teachers from a southeastern state in the USA. Teachers completed online self‐report measures of TEHSM and all personal and school cultural factors. Student socioeconomic status (SES) information was provided by the school districts. Structure equation modeling (SEM) results indicated the final empirical model to account for 66% of the variance in TESHM, with professional development and student SES having the strongest association with TEHSM. This study provides a vital step towards understanding factors that drive teachers’ perceptions of their efficacy in handling misbehaving students.
Damage characteristics of n‐GaN thin film surfaces etched by N2 plasmas
Authors: Kawakami Retsuo , Niibe Masahito , Nakano Yoshitaka , Shirahama Tatsuo , Yamada Tetsuya , Aoki Kazuma , Takabatake Mari , Tominaga Kikuo , Mukai Takashi 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDamage characteristics of n‐GaN surfaces etched by capacitively‐coupled radio frequency N2 plasma, generated with a high applied voltage of 400 V, was studied in terms of synergistic effect between ion bombardment and ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. The result was compared with that obtained with a low applied voltage of 200 V. Morphology of the surface etched at a low gas pressure of 10 mTorr is similar to that of the as‐grown surface even with increasing etching time, whereas N/Ga ratio at the surface decreases. The result can be explained in terms of the physical etching, though the surface is irradiated with the UV light emitted from the plasma. The result obtained at the low gas pressure is independent of the applied voltage. In contrast, the characteristic at the surface etched at a high gas pressure of 50‐100 mTorr depends on the applied voltage. A morphological change in the surface etched with the high applied voltage occurs, whereas the N/Ga ratio increases The increase in the N/Ga ratio is not reproduced by the simulation, which implies the contribution of the UV light irradiation. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Band structures of Si/InGaP heterojunctions by using surface‐activated bonding
Authors: Liang Jianbo , Morimoto Masashi , Nishida Shota , Shigekawa Naoteru 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe band structure of p‐Si/n‐InGaP heterojunctions fabricated by using surface‐activated bonding (SAB) was investigated by measuring their current‐voltage (I‐V) and capacitance‐voltage (C‐V) characteristics. The I‐V characteristics of p‐Si/n‐InGaP junctions showed rectifying properties similarly to p‐Si/n‐GaAs junctions. The conduction band discontinuity of the p‐Si/n‐InGaP junctions was determined to be 0.41 eV from C‐V measurements, which indicated that the Si/InGaP junctions revealed the type‐I band line‐up in contrast to the Si/GaAs junctions. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Ion beam analysis of quaternary Heusler alloy Co2(Mn1–xFex)Si(111) epitaxially grown on Ge(111)
Authors: Kawakubo Yuki , Noguchi Yuuya , Hirata Tomoaki , Narumi Kazumasa , Sakai Seiji , Yamada Shinya , Hamaya Kohei , Miyao Masanobu , Maeda Yoshihito 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe have investigated crystal quality of Co2(Mn1–xFex)Si (CMFS) epitaxially grown on Ge(111) by using Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and axial ion channeling technique. It was found that the CMFS/Ge and Co2FeSi (CMFS with x = 1)/Ge have larger static atomic displacement than Fe based ternary Heusler alloy Fe2MnSi and Fe2CoSi/Ge(111). Quaternary alloys may be affected by increase of mixing entropy. Significant disordering at the interface of 0.75CMFS was found, and discussed on basis of thermodynamics. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Growth kinetics and interface structure of copper silicides studied by atom probe tomography
Authors: Ibrahim M. , Parditka B. , Fuhrich A. , Balogh Z. , Stender P. , Erdélyi Z. , Schmitz G. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractLaser‐assisted atom probe shows a unique potential in the analysis of embedded Si/metal interfaces, owing to its ability to deliver 3D information with atomic resolution. The interface structures in tri‐layer specimens Cu/amorphous Si/Cu are investigated by this technique. For amorphous Si (a‐Si) deposited on Cu, a sharp transition occurred with an interface width of 2.4 nm. On the contrary, a much broader mixed zone, 5.3 nm wide, is formed when Cu is deposited on top of a‐Si. Only in the latter case, brief annealing leads to immediate nucleation of the Cu3Si. Secondary neutral mass spectrometry confirmed independently the existence of this asymmetry in phase formation and demonstrates linear growth kinetics of the silicide. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)