bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing the Effects of Mindfulness-Based and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Based Stress Reduction in Medical Students
Authors: Yay Pençe A. , Çöldür M. , Atalay Z. , Aslan S. , Beba B. , Coşkun Sayın C. , Ekmekçi Ertek I. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionMedical students face an enormous amount of stress (Dyrbye LN et al. Ann Intern Med 2008; 149: 334-41). They suffer from higher rates of depression, anxiety, and suicide compared to the general population. Despite experiencing more mental health problems, there is a lack of research exploring ways to improve their mental health. Although there are a few small sample studies investigating the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on medical students, there is no study comparing its effectiveness against an active intervention group in the literature (van Dijk I et al. Acad Med 2017; 92: 1012-1021)ObjectivesWe aimed to compare the effects of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and the Cognitive Behavioural Based Stress Reduction (CBSR) group interventions on depressive and anxious symptoms and perceived stress of medical students.Methods323 medical students applied to participate in one of the group interventions and were assessed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Of these, 253 (77% female, mean age=21.9 ± 2.9 years) were allocated into online MBSR (n=127) and online CBSR (n=126) groups after randomization. Their anxiety and depressive symptoms and perceived stress levels were assessed at baseline and after 8 weeks of interventions. 33,2% of participants (MBSR: n=39; CBSR: n=45) completed the protocol by attending five or more sessions. Both intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis and per-protocol (PP) analysis were used to assess outcomes. In the ITT analysis, we used multiple imputation to address missing values. All assessments and group interventions were done online.ResultsIn the ITT analysis, both MBSR and CBSR were found to be slight to moderately effective in reducing symptoms of depression (MBSR: d=.50; CBSR: d=.40), anxiety (MBSR:d=.73; CBSR: d=.52), and perceived stress (MBSR: d=.48; CBSR: d=.42), but they were no superior to each other. In the PP analysis, both interventions moderately to strongly improved the symptoms of depression (MBSR: d=1.03; CBSR: d=.74), anxiety (MBSR: r=-.74; CBSR: r=-.72), and perceived stress (MBSR: r=-.80; CBSR: r=-.68). While there was no statistically significant difference between them in reducing depressive symptoms and perceived stress, MBSR was found to be significantly more effective than CBSR in reducing anxiety symptoms (u=469, z=-2.756, p=0.006).ConclusionsBoth MBSR and CBSR improve symptoms of depression and anxiety in medical students after 8 weeks of interventions. Completing the protocol or attending more sessions may increase the effectiveness of the interventions. While the interventions did not show superiority to each other in terms of effectiveness in reducing depressive symptoms and perceived stress, MBSR appears to be more effective in reducing anxiety symptoms compared to CBSR in the group that completed the protocol.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Self-harm among Brazilian teenagers: scoping review
Authors: Da Silva J. L. , sobrinho J. E. D. L. , Heimer M. V. , Oliveira L. D. A. , Malheiros L. S. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionNon-suicidal self-injury among adolescents has grown in recent years, becoming a significant public health issue. The high social and psychological impacts related to it are often characterized by substance abuse and the development of anxiety and depression. Furthermore, emotional dysregulation and heightened reactivity are associated psychological characteristics.ObjectivesThe aim of this paper was to do a scoping review, mapping the existing literature on self-harming behaviors among Brazilian adolescents, considering their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.MethodsWe followed the adapted PRISMA checklist for scoping reviews. We searched eight databases: APA PsycNet, LILACS, MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, and Scopus. The selection of studies was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, where three independent researchers examined all titles and abstracts, applying the eligibility criteria. Accordingly, six studies were selected for descriptive analysis due to the variety of study types.ResultsA total of 2,032 youngsters were studied in the age range of 10 to 19 years-old, among over 15,000 reported cases of self-harming behaviors. Females accounted for 51.3% of the cases and had higher scores of impulsivity and loneliness to self-harming behavior (P ≤ 0.05). Alcohol use was evident across both genders but showed higher measures for males in both age groups (10 to 14 and 15 to 19 years, p < 0.001).Image:Image 2:Image 3:Conclusions
The study pointed to a diversity of clinical and sociodemographic characteristics; however further research is needed on this topic on Brazilian adolescents. In addition, a broader standardization of data is necessary for more specific statistical analyses.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Anxiety and depression among patients with chronic sciatica
Authors: Feki A. , Sellami I. , Bejaoui H. , Abbes A. , Gassara Z. , Ben jemaa S. , Ezzeddine M. , Kallel M. H. , Fourati H. , Akrout R. , Baklouti S. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSpinal radicular syndromes are currently a significant healthcare concern in society. A common manifestation of these syndromes is sciatic pain, characterized by severe pain radiating along the course of the sciatic nerve. In many patients, chronic pain can lead to psychological problems.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the frequency of anxiety and depression disorders in patients with sciatica and their impact on functional capacity.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study, including patients suffering from documented common sciatic pain evolving for more than 3 months. The study was conducted in a rheumatology department over a period of 3 years. We used the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire, supplemented with information about the study group, pain location, and patients’ occupations. Additionally, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were applied.Results
The study included 104 patients (71 women and 33 men, with a male-to-female sex ratio of 0.46). The mean age of our patients ranged from 23 to 74 years. The most frequent etiology of sciatic pain was a herniated disc, followed by lumbar spinal stenosis and spondylolisthesis. The root path was L5 in 74 cases and S1 in 30 cases. The average duration of sciatic pain was 6.4 months. The mean Oswestry score was 25 (ranging from 15 to 38). The mean VAS score was 7.4 (ranging from 4 to 9). The mean Work Ability Index (WAI) was 25.2 (ranging from 15 to 38).
Depression was noted in 53 patients (50.9%) with a mean HADS depression score of 10.8 (ranging from 4 to 16). Anxiety was noted in 8 patients (7.6%) with a mean HADS anxiety score of 6.40 (ranging from 3 to 16). In univariate analysis, anxiety was associated with the low educational level of patients and with the duration of sciatic pain (p < 0.05). There was a significant association between depression and anxiety (p = 0.000). However, there was no relationship between these psychiatric disorders and functional status (p > 0.05).Conclusions
Among patients with sciatic pain, there is a high prevalence of psychiatric disorders, including anxiety and depression. Regular screening for these disorders should be conducted by healthcare providers.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The association between depressive symptoms and medication adherence among polypharmacy older adults
Authors: Alhashem G. , Alyasery R. , Al-Hassan S. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAmong many polypharmacy term definitions, the most common definition refers to the concurrent use of five or more medications. Multiple medication administration is highly prevalent in older populations with multimorbidity. Apart from polypharmacy impacts on physical health, it might be detrimental to mental health.ObjectivesThe present study aims to evaluate the association between depression and poor adherence in multimorbidity Iraqi older population using five or more medications.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in Iraq during July and August 2023, involving a sample of 196 older adults recruited from private clinics and hospital clinical medicine wards, all of whom had polypharmacy regimens. The questionnaire includes age, gender, medication regimen adherence and Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) using a cutoff score of 10. Chi-square and binary logistic regression were performed to determine the association between poor adherence and the presence of depressive symptoms.ResultsA total of 196 respondents, mean age = (61±11.4), 49 (25%) male and 147 (75%) female, 178 (90.8%) good adherence and 18 (9.2%) poor compliance, 81 (41.3%) participants have PHQ-8 score was equal or less than ten while 115 (58.7%) have PHQ-8 score was more than 10. Depressive symptoms and patient adherence showed a significant association (p = 0.02). Moreover, poor adherence polypharmacy participants were more likely to have depression odd ratio (OR) = 3.9, 95% confidence interval (CI = 1.09 – 13.9; p = 0.036).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that depressive symptoms are associated with poor adherence polypharmacy older adults and, highlighting the importance of addressing medication management and mental health in this population.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Psychosomatic relationships between the state of mental health and the level of vital threat of dermatological disease
Authors: Markova M. , Abdriakhimova T. , Skrebtsova H. , Chemerys M. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
According to the literature, 25-60% of dermatological patients have mental disorders. In the case of oncodermatological disease, the patient is under the influence of two stressogenic factors – existential experiences and social discomfort from the manifestations of the disease, which imprints on the patient’s mental health and promotes the development of mental maladaptation (MM).ObjectivesTo study the features of mental state in patients with dermatological diseases with different levels of vital threat.Methods
The examination included the use of clinical-psychological, psychodiagnostic and psychometric research methods.Results120 dermatological patients were examined: 60 patients with non-vital dermatological diseases (L82, A63.0, D18.0, L80), and 60 patients with dermatological diseases posing a vital threat (C43, C44, D04).The identification of clinical signs of MM proved their presence in 70 (58.4%) people in the total sample. Among patients with non-vital diseases, the signs of MM were established in 33 (55.0%), among the patients with vital diseases – in 37 (61.7%). So, among patients with dermatological diseases, there are both psychologically adapted and maladapted individuals, regardless of the vitality/non-vitality of the pathological process.In dermatological patients with signs of MM, the clinical picture is dominated by anxious (mainly in patients with non-vital diseases) and depressive (mainly in patients with vital diseases) radicals. Auxiliary psychopathological constructs are represented by manifestations of somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, and phobic anxiety. Affective symptoms are most pronounced in patients with MM and vital diseases, it is less pronounced in patients with non-vital pathology.The presence and intensity of maladaptive pathopsychological-affective reactions in patients with dermatological pathology are not clearly associated with the vitality of the dermatological process, but are based on mechanisms of the mutual influence of biological predisposition and psychological and psychosocial factors, the mosaic combination of which determines the individual’s resource capabilities for constructive acceptance the fact of the presence of a dermatological disease and the development of an adequate strategy for its mastery, regardless of the severity of the disease.ConclusionsThese patterns should be considered when developing treatment measures and rehabilitation for patients with dermatological pathology.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Short-term memory depends on the level of emotional burnout
Authors: Tukaiev S. , Zyma I. , Makarchuk M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionEmotional burnout refers to a syndrome caused by chronic stress. The formation of emotional burnout may lead to persistent changes in cognitive activity and particularly in memory and attention.ObjectivesAs the power of human EEG-spectrum components varies significantly under cognitive testing, the aim of our study was to investigate the dynamics of changes of EEG parameters under a memory task depending on the severity of burnout.Methods42 healthy volunteers (students aged 18 to 24 years) participated in this study. EEG was registered over a period of 3 minutes during the rest state and 10 minutes during a verbal memory task. The spectral power density (SPD) of all frequencies from 0.2 to 35 Hz was estimated. The Mann-Witney criterion was carried out for the comparison of the independent data samples. The correlations were estimated using the Spearmen’s coefficient correlation. In order to determine the stages of burnout we used the test “Syndrome of emotional burnout” (by Boyko), adapted for students.ResultsWe observed variations in parameters of EEG during memorizing and retention phases depending on the intensity of the burnout. The intensity of the Exhaustion stage varied inversely with SPD in alpha3 (parietal and temporal regions), beta1 (parietal regions) and beta2 (parietal, right occipital and temporal regions) during the memorizing phase. The formation of the Exhaustion stage of burnout was accompanied by a decrease in alpha3 (parietal, left occipital and right temporal regions), beta1 (parietal, occipital and left temporal regions) and beta2 (parietal regions) during the retention phase.ConclusionsOur data indicate that short-term memory depends on the emotional state of subjects.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Temperamental and Neurocognitive predictors in Korean basketball league draft selection
Authors: Nam B. W. , Han D. H. , Kim S. M. , Hong J. , Hwang H. , Min K. J. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
The Korean Basketball League(KBL) holds an annual draft to allow teams to select new players, mostly graduates from the elite college basketball teams even though some are from high school teams. In sports games, many factors might influence the success of an athlete. In addition to possessing excellent physical and technical factors, success in a sports game is also influenced by remarkable psychological factors. Several studies reported that elite sports players can control their anxiety during competition, which may lead to better performance. In particular, the temperament and characteristics of players have been regarded as crucial determinants of the player’s performance and goal. In this regard, numerous studies suggest that personality is considered to be an important predictor of long-term success in professional sportsObjectivesBased on previous reports and studies, we hypothesized that physical status, temperament and characteristics, and neurocognitive functions of basketball players could predict the result of KBL draft selection. Especially, temperament and characteristics were associated with the result of KBL selection. The basketball performances including average scores and average rebound were associated with emotional perception and mental rotation.MethodsWe recruited the number of 44 college elite basketball players(KBL selection, n=17; Non-KBL selection, n=27), and the number of 35 age-matched healthy comparison subjects who major in sports education in college. All participants were assessed with the Temperament and Character Inventory(TCI), Sports Anxiety Scales(SAS), Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Trail Making Test(TMT), and Computerized Neuro-cognitive Test(CNT) for Emotional Perception and Mental Rotation.ResultsCurrent results showed that physical status, temperament and characteristics, and Neurocognitive functions of college basketball players could predict the KBL draft selection. Among temperament and characteristics, novelty seeking and reward dependence were associated with KBL draft selection. The basketball performances including average scores and average rebound were associated with emotional perception and mental rotation.ConclusionsIn order to be a good basketball player for a long time, it was confirmed that temperamental factors and Neurocognitive factors were very closely related. Furthermore, it is also judged that these results can be used as basic data to predict potential professional basketball players.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Revisiting the approaches of psychotherapy in Ayurveda with Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework: a review
Authors: Upadhyaya W. , Iyer A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionRecently there have been increased acceptance of complementary and alternative medicine (including traditional medicines) not only among laypersons but also various medical specialities. Ayurveda is one such, that originated at least in 3000 BC in the Indian subcontinent. Ayurveda aims at not only treating diseases but also maintaining optimum health. Psychiatry branch of Ayurveda recommends the use of both medicines and psychotherapy. Past papers on Ayurvedic psychotherapy have limitations in terms of semantics, conveying relevance and practical implementation. To tide over such limitations, we review concepts of psychotherapy in the Ayurveda texts Charaka Samhita (CS), Sushruta Samhita (SS), Ashtanga Hridaya (AH) and their commentaries from the original Sanskrit texts, in light of RDoC framework. The approaches derived can be used not just for therapy but also as mental health promotion.Objectives1.To delineate approaches to psychotherapy from Ayurveda classics and their commentaries, which are useful for both mental health promotion and therapy.2.To view the components of Ayurvedic psychotherapy approaches in terms of RDoC constructs/subconstructs.
MethodsRelevant chapters were scanned in the texts CS, SS, AH and their commentaries for descriptions of psychotherapy. Consequently, its components were compared with the definitions of constructs and subconstructs of RDoC to identify similarities.ResultsOnly CS and AH had descriptions on psychotherapy, among which, one out of the four described in CS and the only one in AH was suitable for our purpose. The components of these models with relevant counterparts (single or combined) are tabulated in Table 1.Table 1CS psychotherapy modelRDoC construct/ subconstruct1) Spiritual awareness (Jnana)Declarative memory (semantic)2) Specialised knowledge (Vijnana)Declarative memory (semantic)3) Self-control & equanimity (Dhairya)Cognitive control4) Memory (Smriti)Declarative memory (episodic)5) Meditative focus (Samadhi)Attention, working memoryAH psychotherapy modelRDoC construct/ subconstruct1) Intellect (Dhi)Declarative memory.2) Self-control (Dhairya)Cognitive control3) Knowledge of self and surrounding (Atmadi jnana)Perception and understanding of selfConclusionsThus, CS and AH provide a 5-dimensional and a 3-dimensional approach to psychotherapy respectively (with its components having correlates with few RDoC constructs or subconstructs) which can be explored clinically and evaluated, for therapy and mental health promotion purposes.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Reducing treatment delays of first episode psychosis through policy in Canada: a mixed methods analysis of service provider perspectives
Authors: Poukhovski-Sheremetyev F. , Pelling Y. , Denny J. , Abdel-Baki A. , Iyer S. , Noel V. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionYoung people with a first episode of psychosis can achieve full remission with prompt treatment. Throughout Canada, early psychosis intervention programs are implementing policies to ensure timely delivery of services. One of Canada’s first early intervention services, the Prevention and Early Intervention for Psychosis program, set the guideline that all youth referred should receive an appointment within 72 hours. The availability of early intervention programs has increased significantly but the standards these programs have adopted to ensure timely delivery of services remains unknown.ObjectivesThis project aims to identify the policies and practices in early intervention programs that ensure timely delivery of services. Secondly, the project aims to understand the level of awareness of the 72-hour recommendation and the level of adoption of this recommendation. Thirdly, the project aims to identify the factors that facilitate and hinder a program’s ability to reach and maintain their benchmarks for timely delivery of services.MethodsParticipants included 17 service delivery providers from four early intervention programs located in socio-culturally distinct regions in Canada. Participants completed a survey about their program’s service delivery policies and practices. We led individual semi-structured interviews with seven service providers to identify the barriers and facilitators to delivering timely care. We conducted frequency analyses of the survey data and thematic analysis of the interviews to identify emerging themes.ResultsForty-one percent of survey respondents indicated that their program implemented formal policies to minimize the delay to the first appointment, with benchmarks ranging from 72 hours to 12 weeks. The majority of program managers interviewed were aware of the 72-hour benchmark, voiced satisfaction with standards, and felt that establishing standards was helpful to delivering quality services. Average time between referral and first appointment ranged from 10 days to 12 weeks; however, more than half of survey respondents were unaware of the average delay in their program. Notable barriers to implementation included patient non-responsiveness, insufficient staffing, and missing patient contact information from referrals. The service providers reported engaged staff, flexible schedules, and team-based care as facilitators to meeting service delivery benchmarks.ConclusionsBenchmarks such as the 72-hour recommendation are an excellent step in improving timeliness of delivery of early intervention services. Common barriers to meeting benchmarks, such as patient adherence and staff resources may be difficult to overcome; however, implementing standardized referral forms and processes, increasing staff engagement, providing flexible schedules, and encouraging team-based care could improve timely delivery of services.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared