bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of Coping Skills Predicts Depressive Symptom Reactivity Over Repeated Stressors
Authors: Adler Abby D. , Conklin Laren R. , Strunk Daniel R. 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine the quality of coping skills as a predictor of change in depressive symptoms surrounding a series of naturally occurring stressors.MethodA total of 213 undergraduate students completed study measures surrounding 3 stressors (involving 6 assessments per participant). Primary analyses focused on occasions of disappointing exam performance.ResultsConsistent with expectations, coping skill quality was predictive of more adaptive responses (i.e., less depressive symptom reactivity), with this relation being particularly strong among participants with high initial levels of depressive symptoms and on occasions when participants had a marked worsening of mood. The quality of skills used in coping with specific stressors continued to predict depressive symptom reactivity after controlling for a one‐time measure of coping skill quality.ConclusionsOur results support the importance of both stressor‐specific coping skill quality and consideration of key contextual factors in understanding depressive symptom reactivity surrounding stressors.
The Organization of Irrational Beliefs in Posttraumatic Stress Symptomology: Testing the Predictions of REBT Theory Using Structural Equation Modelling
Authors: Hyland Philip , Shevlin Mark , Adamson Gary , Boduszek Daniel 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveThis study directly tests a central prediction of rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT) that has received little empirical attention regarding the core and intermediate beliefs in the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms.MethodA theoretically consistent REBT model of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was examined using structural equation modelling techniques among a sample of 313 trauma‐exposed military and law enforcement personnel.ResultsThe REBT model of PTSD provided a good fit of the data, χ2= 599.173, df = 356, p < .001; standardized root mean square residual = .05 (confidence interval = .04–.05); standardized root mean square residual = .04; comparative fit index = .95; Tucker Lewis index = .95. Results demonstrated that demandingness beliefs indirectly affected the various symptom groups of PTSD through a set of secondary irrational beliefs that include catastrophizing, low frustration tolerance, and depreciation beliefs.ConclusionsResults were consistent with the predictions of REBT theory and provides strong empirical support that the cognitive variables described by REBT theory are critical cognitive constructs in the prediction of PTSD symptomology.
Effects of Ketoconazole on the Pharmacokinetics of Ponatinib in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Narasimhan Narayana I. , Dorer David J. , Niland Katie , Haluska Frank , Sonnichsen Daryl 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPonatinib is a BCR‐ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) approved for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia and Philadelphia chromosome–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia in patients resistant or intolerant to prior TKIs. In vitro studies suggested that metabolism of ponatinib is partially mediated by CYP3A4. The effects of CYP3A4 inhibition on the pharmacokinetics of ponatinib and its CYP3A4‐mediated metabolite, AP24567, were evaluated in a single‐center, randomized, two‐period, two‐sequence crossover study in healthy volunteers. Subjects (N = 22) received two single doses (orally) of ponatinib 15 mg, once given alone and once coadministered with daily (5 days) ketoconazole 400 mg, a CYP3A4 inhibitor. Ponatinib plus ketoconazole increased ponatinib maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) compared with ponatinib alone. The estimated mean ratios for AUC0–∞, AUC0–t, and Cmax indicated increased exposures to ponatinib of 78%, 70%, and 47%, respectively; exposure to AP24567 decreased by 71%. Exposure to AP24567 was marginal after ponatinib alone (no more than 4% of the exposure to ponatinib). These results suggest that caution should be exercised with the concurrent use of ponatinib and strong CYP3A4 inhibitors and that a ponatinib dose decrease to 30 mg daily, from the 45 mg daily starting dose, could be considered.
Along‐arc variation in water distribution in the uppermost mantle beneath Kyushu, Japan, as derived from receiver function analyses
Authors: Abe Yuki , Ohkura Takahiro , Hirahara Kazuro , Shibutani Takuo 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe investigated the seismic velocity discontinuities in the uppermost mantle of Kyushu, a subduction zone in Japan, using receiver function analyses developed especially for discontinuities with high dipping angles. We elucidated the regional variation of discontinuities, as being the continental Moho, oceanic Moho, and upper boundary of the Philippine Sea slab. From the geometry of these discontinuities and contrast in S wave velocities, we discovered that the oceanic crust of the Philippine Sea slab has a low velocity and is possibly hydrated down to 70 km beneath south Kyushu, 80–90 km beneath central Kyushu, and less than 50 km beneath north Kyushu. The fore‐arc mantle wedge beneath central Kyushu has a low‐velocity zone and possibly contains hydrated materials and free fluid but such a low‐velocity zone does not exist in the fore‐arc mantle wedge beneath north Kyushu and south Kyushu. Beneath south Kyushu, water dehydrated from the slab could move to the back‐arc side and cause arc volcanism. Beneath central Kyushu, water dehydrated from the slab could move to the fore‐arc side and cause a gap in volcanism and hydration of fore‐arc mantle materials. Beneath north Kyushu, the oceanic crust does not appear to convey water abundantly in the mantle wedge. The low‐velocity hydrated fore‐arc mantle extends landward beneath the northern part of central Kyushu and could produce volcanic rocks partially contaminated by slab‐derived fluid.
Elastic anisotropy modeling of Kimmeridge shale
Authors: Vasin Roman N. , Wenk Hans‐Rudolf , Kanitpanyacharoen Waruntorn , Matthies Siegfried , Wirth Richard 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAnisotropy of elastic properties in clay‐rich sedimentary rocks has been of long‐standing interest. These rocks are cap rocks of oil and gas reservoirs, as well as seals for carbon sequestration. Elasticity of shales has been approached by direct velocity measurements and by models based on microstructures. Here we are revisiting the classical Kimmeridge shale studied by Hornby (1998) by first quantifying microstructural features such as phase volume fractions, grain shapes and grain orientations, and pore distributions with advanced analytical methods and then using this information in different models to explain bulk elastic properties. It is shown that by application of a self‐consistent algorithm based on Eshelby's (1957) model of inclusions in a homogeneous medium, it is possible to explain most experimental elastic constants, though some discrepancies remain which may be due to the interpretation of experimental data. Using a differential effective medium approach, an almost perfect agreement with experimental stiffness coefficients can be obtained, though the physical basis of this method may be questionable. The influence of single crystal elastic properties, grain shapes, preferred orientation, and volume and shapes of pores on elastic properties of shale is explored.
Importance of thermochemical pressurization in the dynamic weakening of the Longmenshan Fault during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake: Inferences from experiments and modeling
Authors: Chen Jianye , Yang Xiaosong , Duan Qingbao , Shimamoto Toshi , Spiers Christopher J. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe determined the internal structure and mineral composition of the Yingxiu‐Beichuan fault zone at the Zhaojiagou exposure and measured frictional and transport properties of the fault rocks collected to gain a better understanding of dynamic weakening mechanisms during seismic fault motion. This fault is a major fault in the Longmenshan fault system that caused the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. The exposure studied is located midway along the surface rupture, close to where the largest coseismic displacement occurred. High‐velocity friction experiments reveal exponential slip weakening from a peak friction toward a steady state value. Slip weakening is more pronounced for water‐dampened gouge than dry gouge, suggesting thermal pressurization. The fault gouge has a very low permeability (< 10−21 m2 at 165 MPa effective pressure) and is surrounded by fault breccia with a permeability of 10−19 to 10−17 m2, grading into less permeable, fractured country rocks. The fault zone thus exhibits a “conduit/barrier” structure, allowing fluid flow only in the breccia zone. We numerically modeled coseismic slip weakening including thermal pressurization and mineral dehydration/decarbonation, basing our calculation on measured frictional and transport properties and on the slip history inferred for the Wenchuan earthquake. The results indicate that (1) thermochemical pressurization played an important role in causing dynamic slip weakening, (2) the slip‐weakening distance is similar to the seismologically determined values, and (3) pore pressures might have exceeded the normal stress, thus maintaining temperatures below 600°C. Interestingly, enough heat was generated to fully remove and thermally pressurize the interlayer water from smectite, contributing an excess pore pressure of ~ 6 MPa. In addition, we found that the incorporation of state‐dependent fluid properties predicts much more efficient fluid pressurization than using constant properties. The dramatic weakening predicted probably offers a compelling explanation for the large coseismic displacement and slip acceleration observed near Beichuan city.
Comprehensive assessment of tibial plateau morphology in total knee arthroplasty: Influence of shape and size on anthropometric variability
Authors: Dai Yifei , Bischoff Jeffrey E. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBetter understanding of proximal tibia morphology can lead to improvements in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) through development of tibial tray families that adequately reflect the diversity of global anatomy using an appropriate number of components. We quantified variations in proximal tibial morphology at the TKA level and characterized differences attributable to gender and ethnicity. Virtual TKA was performed on digital models of 347 tibiae, spanning both genders and multiple ethnicities. The geometry of the resection profile was quantified using both a comprehensive set of morphological measurements (reflecting size and shape) and principal component analysis (PCA). The dominant statistical modes of variation were associated primarily with size (plateau dimensions, radii, and area), with lesser contributions associated with asymmetry and aspect ratios. Medial and lateral AP dimensions were strongly correlated with plateau ML width, with minimal differences in correlations due to gender or ethnicity. In conclusion, clinically relevant differences in proximal tibia morphology at the level of TKA resections across genders and multiple ethnicities can be attributed largely to variations in overall proximal tibial size, not gender‐ or ethnic‐specific shape variations. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31:1643–1652, 2013
Optimized extraction and characterization of antimicrobial phenolic compounds from mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) cultivation and processing waste
Authors: Palakawong Choothaweep , Sophanodora Pairat , Toivonen Peter , Delaquis Pascal 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDApplications for antimicrobials derived from the mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) plant are presently restricted by high production costs. Extraction from cultivation or processing waste streams using a solvent‐free approach could lessen to permit commercial applications in food processing and preservation.RESULTSPhenolics were extracted from mangosteen bark, leaf and fruit pericarp in methanol and in water using response surface methodology to optimize recovery. Initial examination of antimicrobial effects revealed a lack of antimicrobial activity against fungi and weak activity against the Gram‐negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. In contrast, extracts prepared from bark or fruit pericarp exhibited strong pH‐dependent bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects against Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. Activity was slightly weaker in aqueous extracts due to lower concentrations of tartaric acid esters and flavonols than in methanolic extracts. Measurement of propidium iodide uptake and ATP leakage indicated that the extracts induced damage to the membrane of Gram‐positive bacteria.CONCLUSIONExtracts of mangosteen bark and fruit pericarp contain mixtures of phenolic compounds with activity against Gram‐positive bacteria, notably Listeria monocytogenes. Extraction of phenolics from mangosteen waste could yield fractions for potential applications in the formulation of low‐cost processing aids or sanitizers for the food industry. © 2013 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada, Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Movement disorders in GLUT1 deficiency syndrome respond to the modified Atkins diet
Authors: Leen Wilhelmina G. , Mewasingh Leena , Verbeek Marcel M. , Kamsteeg Erik‐Jan , van de Warrenburg Bart P. , Willemsen Michel A. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundMovement disorders are a prominent feature of glucose transporter‐1 (GLUT1) deficiency syndrome (GLUT1DS). First‐choice treatment is a ketogenic diet, but compliance is poor. We have investigated the effect of the modified Atkins diet as an alternative treatment for movement disorders in GLUT1DS.MethodsFour patients with GLUT1DS ages 15 to 30 years who had movement disorders as the most prominent feature were prospectively evaluated after initiation of the modified Atkins diet. Movement disorders included dystonia, ataxia, myoclonus, and spasticity, either continuous or paroxysmal, triggered by action or exercise. Duration of treatment ranged from 3 months to 16 months.ResultsAll patients reached mild to moderate ketosis and experienced remarkable improvement in the frequency and severity of paroxysmal movement disorders. Cognitive function also improved subjectively.ConclusionsThe modified Atkins diet is an effective and feasible alternative to the ketogenic diet for the treatment of GLUT1DS‐related paroxysmal movement disorders in adolescence and adulthood. © 2013 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Optimizing contrast agent concentration and spoiled gradient echo pulse sequence parameters for catheter visualization in MR‐guided interventional procedures: An analytic solution
Authors: Sussman Marshall S. , Lindner Uri , Haider Masoom , Kucharczyk Walter , Hlasny Eugen , Trachtenberg John 
Published: June 2013

PurposeA critical requirement of MR‐guided interventions is the visualization of an instrument (e.g., catheter, needle) during the procedure. One approach is to fill the instrument with a contrast agent. Previously, the optimization of contrast agent visualization was performed only empirically. In the present study, an analytic optimization of contrast agent SNR efficiency was performed for a spoiled gradient echo pulse sequence.MethodsOptimal flip angle, repetition time, echo time, and contrast agent concentration were derived analytically. The solution is valid for any contrast agent, provided the relationship between T1, T2, and doping concentration is known.ResultsPhantom experiments validated the analytic optimization for Gd‐ and MnCl2‐based contrast agents. Results showed excellent agreement between experimentally predicted and theoretically observed magnetization behavior. In vivo experiments demonstrated optimized contrast agent visualization in brain, heart, and prostate applications. The results demonstrated the large SNR that can be achieved with analytic optimization. As a practical guideline, an 11% dilution of 500 mMol/L Gd‐DTPA solution, repetition time ≈ 4 ms, echo time ≈ 1 ms, and θ ≈ 65° was found to provide a large SNR.ConclusionThis study derived and validated a method for analytically optimizing contrast agent SNR efficiency. This information may be useful for visualizing instruments during MR‐guided interventions. Magn Reson Med 70:333–340, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stability and Oxidation Products of Hydrolysable Tannins in Basic Conditions Detected by HPLC/DAD–ESI/QTOF/MS
Authors: Tuominen Anu , Sundman Terhi 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTIntroductionHydrolysable tannins occur in plants that are used for food or medicine by humans or herbivores. Basic conditions can alter the structures of tannins, that is, the oxidation of phenolic groups can lead to the formation of toxic quinones. Previously, these labile quinones and other oxidation products have been studied with colorimetric or electron paramagnetic resonance methods, which give limited information about products.ObjectiveTo study the stability and oxidation products of hydrolysable tannins in basic conditions using HPLC with a diode‐array detector (DAD) combined with electrospray ionisation (ESI) and quadrupole time‐of‐flight (QTOF) MS.MethodsThree galloyl glucoses, four galloyl derivatives with different polyols and three ellagitannins were purified from plants. The incubation reactions of tannins were monitored by HPLC/DAD at five pH values and in reduced oxygen conditions. Reaction products were identified based on UV spectra and mass spectral fragmentation obtained with the high‐resolution HPLC/DAD–ESI/QTOF/MS. The use of a base‐resistant HPLC column enabled injections without the sample pre‐treatment and thus detection of short‐lived products.ResultsHydrolysable tannins were unstable in basic conditions and half‐lives were mostly less than 10 min at pH 10. Degradation rates were faster at pH 11 but slower at milder pH. The HPLC analyses revealed that various products were formed and identified to be the result of hydrolysis, deprotonation and oxidation. Interestingly, the main hydrolysis product was ellagic acid; it was also formed from galloyl glucoses that do not contain oxidatively coupled galloyl groups in their initial structures.ConclusionHPLD/DAD–ESI/QTOF/MS was an efficient method for the identification of polyphenol oxidation products and showed how different pH conditions determine the fate of hydrolysable tannins. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Photoinduced reverse atom transfer radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate using camphorquinone/benzhydrol system
Authors: Taskin Omer Suat , Yilmaz Gorkem , Tasdelen Mehmet Atilla , Yagci Yusuf 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA versatile initiating system composed of camphorquinone/benzhydrol and CuIIBr2/N,N,N′,N″,N″‐pentamethyldiethylenetriamine for photoinduced reverse atom transfer radical polymerization has been developed. The control experiments, where each component is eliminated in the reaction, serve as a direct verification of the mechanism. There is poor or no control over the polymerization of methyl methacrylate in the absence of either camphorquinone or benzhydrol. The experimental molecular weights are considerably higher than theoretical values and the obtained polymers show slightly broad molecular weight distributions ranging from 1.13 to 1.51 in the process. Although at relatively lower polymerization rates, the addition of an alkyl halide to the system leads to a better control of the polymerization as reflected by the improved molecular weight distribution and chain‐end functionality. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Blue fluorescent conductive poly(9,10‐di(1‐naphthalenyl)‐2‐vinylanthracene) homopolymer and its highly soluble copolymers with styrene or 9‐vinylcarbazole
Authors: Wang Jianli , Leung Louis M , SO Shu‐Kong , Chan Cyrus YH 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA new blue fluorescent monomer, 9,10‐di(1‐naphthalenyl)‐2‐vinylanthracene, was designed and synthesized in good yield. Its homopolymer poly(9,10‐di(1‐naphthalenyl)‐2‐vinylanthracene) (P(ADN)) and soluble conductive vinyl copolymers poly[(9,10‐di(1‐naphthalenyl)‐2‐vinylanthracene)‐co‐styrene] (P(ADN‐co‐S)) and poly[(9,10‐di(1‐naphthalenyl)‐2‐vinylanthracene)‐co‐(9‐vinylcarbazole)] (P(ADN‐co‐VK)) were synthesized using free radical solution polymerization. All the polymers showed high glass transition mid‐point temperatures (203 to 237 °C) and good thermal stabilities. The photoluminescence emission of the copolymers was similar to that of P(ADN) (with two maxima at 423 and 442 nm). The lifetimes of P(ADN‐co‐S) (6.82 to 7.91 ns) were all slightly less than that of P(ADN) (8.40 ns). The lifetime of P(ADN‐co‐VK) increased from 7.8 to 8.8 ns with an increase in VK content. The fluorescence quantum yields of P(ADN‐co‐S) showed an overall increasing tendency from 0.42 to 0.58. The quantum efficiencies of P(ADN‐co‐VK) decreased from 0.36 to 0.19 with an increase of VK fraction. With increasing S/VK content, the highest occupied molecular orbital of P(ADN‐co‐S)/P(ADN‐co‐VK) ranged from −5.58 to −5.73 eV, which was similar to that of P(ADN) (−5.71 eV). The band gaps of P(ADN‐co‐S) and P(ADN‐co‐VK) were about 2.97 eV, which were equal to that of P(ADN), and smaller than that of 2‐methyl‐9,10‐di(1‐naphthalenyl)anthracene (MADN) (3.04 eV) and poly(9‐vinylcarbazole) (3.54 eV). Preliminary electroluminescence results were obtained for a homojunction device with the configuration ITO/MoO3 (20 nm)/P(ADN)/LiF (1 nm)/Al (100 nm), which achieved only 30–50 cd m−2, due to P(ADN) having a low mobility of 4.7 × 10−8 cm2 V−1 s−1 compared to that of its model compound MADN of 6.5 × 10−4 cm2 V−1 s−1. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Enhanced dielectric permittivity of fluorine polyimide matrix with embedded graphene
Authors: Liu Jingni , Song Jingda , Qi Shengli , Tian Guofeng , Wu Dezhen 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA polymer nanohybrid material with enhanced dielectric permittivity was prepared using the fluorine‐containing polyimide (PI) 4,4′‐(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride/4,4′‐oxydianiline (6FDA/ODA) as matrix and graphene as conductive filler in our present work. Studies on the dielectric properties of the 6FDA/ODA–graphene nanohybrid films show that the dielectric permittivity (ε) can be significantly enhanced by the layer‐by‐layer structure of graphene and the presence of fluorine also has an important influence on the improvement of ε. The percolation theory and microcapacitor model are used to explain the change of dielectric properties and a percolation threshold fc = 0.0152 (2.45 wt%) was obtained by a linear‐fit calculation.magnified image(© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Hole mobility and remote scattering in strained InGaSb quantum well MOSFET channels with Al2O3 oxide
Authors: Kumar Madisetti Shailesh , Chidambaram Thenappan , Nagaiah Padmaja , Tokranov Vadim , Yakimov Michael , Oktyabrsky Serge 
Published: June 2013

AbstractHall mobility and major scattering mechanisms in surface and buried MBE grown strained InGaSb quantum well (QW) MOSFET channels with in‐situ grown Al2O3 gate oxide are analyzed as a function of sheet hole density, top‐barrier thickness and temperature. Mobility dependence on Al0.8Ga0.2Sb top‐barrier thickness shows that the relative contribution of interface‐related scattering is as low as ∼30% in the surface QW channel. An InAs top capping layer reduces the interface scattering even further; the sample with 3 nm total top‐barrier thickness demonstrates mobility of 980 cm2/Vs giving sheet resistance of 4.3 kΩ/sq, very close to the minimum QW resistance in the bulk. The mobility–temperature dependences indicate that the interface‐related scattering is dominated by remote Coulomb scattering at hole densities <1 × 1012 cm–2. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)