bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast: morphology, biomarkers and ’omics
Authors: Reed Amy E McCart , Kutasovic Jamie R , Lakhani Sunil R , Simpson Peter T 
Published: January 2015

AbstractInvasive lobular carcinoma of the breast is the most common ‘special’ morphological subtype of breast cancer, comprising up to 15% of all cases. Tumours are generally of a good prognostic phenotype, being low histological grade and low mitotic index, hormone receptor positive and HER2, p53 and basal marker negative, and with a generally good response to endocrine therapy. Despite this, clinicians face countless challenges in the diagnosis and long-term management of patients, as they encounter a tumour that can be difficult to detect through screening, elicits a very invasive nature, a propensity for widespread metastatic colonisation and, consequently, in some studies a worse long-term poor outcome compared with invasive carcinoma of no special type. Here we review the morphological and molecular features that underpin the disparate biological and clinical characteristics of this fascinating tumour type.
Analysis of long non-coding RNAs highlights tissue-specific expression patterns and epigenetic profiles in normal and psoriatic skin
Authors: Tsoi Lam C , Iyer Matthew K , Stuart Philip E , Swindell William R , Gudjonsson Johann E , Tejasvi Trilokraj , Sarkar Mrinal K , Li Bingshan , Ding Jun , Voorhees John J , Kang Hyun M , Nair Rajan P , Chinnaiyan Arul M , Abecasis Goncalo R , Elder James T 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Background
Although analysis pipelines have been developed to use RNA-seq to identify long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), inference of their biological and pathological relevance remains a challenge. As a result, most transcriptome studies of autoimmune disease have only assessed protein-coding transcripts.

Results
We used RNA-seq data from 99 lesional psoriatic, 27 uninvolved psoriatic, and 90 normal skin biopsies, and applied computational approaches to identify and characterize expressed lncRNAs. We detect 2,942 previously annotated and 1,080 novel lncRNAs which are expected to be skin specific. Notably, over 40% of the novel lncRNAs are differentially expressed and the proportions of differentially expressed transcripts among protein-coding mRNAs and previously-annotated lncRNAs are lower in psoriasis lesions versus uninvolved or normal skin. We find that many lncRNAs, in particular those that are differentially expressed, are co-expressed with genes involved in immune related functions, and that novel lncRNAs are enriched for localization in the epidermal differentiation complex. We also identify distinct tissue-specific expression patterns and epigenetic profiles for novel lncRNAs, some of which are shown to be regulated by cytokine treatment in cultured human keratinocytes.

Conclusions
Together, our results implicate many lncRNAs in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis, and our results provide a resource for lncRNA studies in other autoimmune diseases.
DNA methylation age of blood predicts all-cause mortality in later life
Authors: Marioni Riccardo E , Shah Sonia , McRae Allan F , Chen Brian H , Colicino Elena , Harris Sarah E , Gibson Jude , Henders Anjali K , Redmond Paul , Cox Simon R , Pattie Alison , Corley Janie , Murphy Lee , Martin Nicholas G , Montgomery Grant W , Feinberg Andrew P , Fallin M Daniele , Multhaup Michael L , Jaffe Andrew E , Joehanes Roby , Schwartz Joel , Just Allan C , Lunetta Kathryn L , Murabito Joanne M , Starr John M , Horvath Steve , Baccarelli Andrea A , Levy Daniel , Visscher Peter M , Wray Naomi R , Deary Ian J 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Background
DNA methylation levels change with age. Recent studies have identified biomarkers of chronological age based on DNA methylation levels. It is not yet known whether DNA methylation age captures aspects of biological age.

Results
Here we test whether differences between people’s chronological ages and estimated ages, DNA methylation age, predict all-cause mortality in later life. The difference between DNA methylation age and chronological age (Δage) was calculated in four longitudinal cohorts of older people. Meta-analysis of proportional hazards models from the four cohorts was used to determine the association between Δage and mortality. A 5-year higher Δage is associated with a 21% higher mortality risk, adjusting for age and sex. After further adjustments for childhood IQ, education, social class, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and APOE e4 status, there is a 16% increased mortality risk for those with a 5-year higher Δage. A pedigree-based heritability analysis of Δage was conducted in a separate cohort. The heritability of Δage was 0.43.

Conclusions
DNA methylation-derived measures of accelerated aging are heritable traits that predict mortality independently of health status, lifestyle factors, and known genetic factors.
The 21-gene recurrence score complements IBTR! Estimates in early-stage, hormone receptor-positive, HER2-normal, lymph node-negative breast cancer
Authors: Thaker Nikhil G , Hoffman Karen E , Stauder Michael C , Shaitelman Simona F , Strom Eric A , Tereffe Welela , Smith Benjamin D , Perkins George H , Huo Lei , Munsell Mark F , Pusztai Lajos , Buchholz Thomas A , Woodward Wendy A 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Clinicians have traditionally used clinicopathological (CP) factors to determine locoregional recurrence (LR) risk of breast cancer and have generated the IBTR! nomogram to predict the risk of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR). The 21-gene recurrence score (RS) assay was recently correlated with LR in retrospective studies. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between the RS and IBTR!. CP characteristics of 308 consecutive patients who underwent RS testing at our institution were examined. IBTR! was used to estimate the risk of 10-year IBTR. Descriptive statistics were used to compare the RS with the estimated IBTR!. Given a low event rate in this cohort, actual IBTR rates were not reported. Most patients had stage I/II (98%) and grade I/II (77%) disease. Median age was 54 years (range, 30–78). Median IBTR! without radiation therapy was 10% (mean, 12% [range, 4-43%]). RS was low (<18), intermediate (18–30), and high (>30) in 52% (n = 160), 40% (n = 123), and 8% (n = 25) patients. Overall, IBTR! did not correlate with RS (P = .77). We saw no correlation between RS and IBTR! in patients with less than (P = .32) or greater than (P = .48) a 10% risk of IBTR. Interestingly, Ki-67 expression correlated with both IBTR! (P = .019) and the RS (P = .002). Further study is warranted to determine if the RS can provide complementary biological information to CP factors in estimating the risk of LR. Prospective studies evaluating this association may potentially allow for individualized treatment decisions.
Study on the effect of magnetic field treatment of newly isolated Paenibacillus sp.
Authors: Li Jie , Yi Yanli , Cheng Xilei , Zhang Dageng , Irfan Muhammad 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Background
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in plants occurs in roots with the help of some bacteria which help in soil nitrogen fertility management. Isolation of significant environment friendly bacteria for nitrogen fixation is very important to enhance yield in plants.

Results
In this study effect of different magnetic field intensity and treatment time was studied on the morphology, physiology and nitrogen fixing capacity of newly isolated Paenibaccilus sp. from brown soil. The bacterium was identified by 16S rDNA sequence having highest similarity (99%) with Paenibacillus sp as revealed by BLAST. Different magnetic intensities such as 100mT, 300mT and 500mT were applied with processing time of 0, 5, 10, 20 and 30 minutes. Of all these treatment 300mT with processing time of 10 minutes was found to be most suitable treatment. Results revealed that magnetic treatment improve the growth rate with shorter generation time leading to increased enzyme activities (catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) and nitrogen fixing efficiencies. High magnetic field intensity (500mT) caused ruptured cell morphology and decreased enzyme activities which lead to less nitrogen fixation.

Conclusion
It is concluded that appropriate magnetic field intensity and treatment time play a vital role in the growth of soil bacteria which increases the nitrogen fixing ability which affects the yield of plant. These results were very helpful in future breading programs to enhance the yield of soybean.
Geomagnetic observatory monthly series, 1930 to 2010: empirical analysis and unmodeled signal estimation
Authors: Ou Jiaming , Gillet Nicolas , Du Aimin 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Ground-based magnetic observatory series are the main source of information for constructing time-dependent spherical harmonic geomagnetic field models from sub-annual to pluri-decadal time scales. Assessing the reliability of such models requires accurate estimation of the data errors. We propose an analysis of observatory monthly means over the period 1930 to 2010, where we sequentially isolate (i) a stochastic regression for the main field at every site, performed in the framework of Gaussian processes, (ii) a local fit to annual and semiannual signals, (iii) a month by month estimate of global, large length-scale external and induced fields. We then estimate the unmodeled signal level (UMSL, which refers to the instrumental noise plus extra signals not captured by the above data treatment) from the standard deviation of the residuals to the sequential analysis. This may be used to estimate data error covariances in future field modeling studies. Mainly a function of the geomagnetic latitude, the UMSL is larger towards auroral regions and carries the temporal signature of solar activity. While the UMSL shows rather similar magnitudes in all three components in recent epochs (typically a few nT), a significant decrease is found in the downward component of the field around 1960, which correlates with the introduction of proton magnetometers. We detail the geographic distribution of the periodic signals and confirm the variation of their amplitude at pluri-decadal time scales. From the spherical harmonic description of horizontal and vertical fields, we isolate the main patterns of the inducing field in Z. These are dominated by a zonal structure of degree 1 (and to a lesser extent, of degree 3) in dipole coordinates. We nevertheless isolate secondary, non-zonal sources that are most active during the 1960s and around 1990, periods of particularly large solar activity, denoting an unusual morphology of the inducing field.
A case of mucinous cystic neoplasm of the liver: a case report
Authors: Nakayama Yusuke , Kato Yuichiro , Okubo Satoshi , Takahashi Daigoro , Okada Rei , Nishida Yasunori , Kitaguchi Kazuhiko , Gotohda Naoto , Takahashi Shinichiro , Konishi Masaru 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
A 71-year-old woman was referred to our institution for further investigation of epigastric pain. The patient had been detected to have a multilocular cyst in the medial segment of the liver measuring 69 mm in diameter at another hospital 2 years ago, and the diameter of the cyst had increased to 90 mm. Although the cyst had gradually increased in size, there was no evidence of mural nodules. As we were concerned about the malignant potential of the lesion, a left hepatic segmentectomy was performed. Pathologically, the cyst was lined by columnar and cuboidal epithelium with low-grade atypia. The epithelium covered an ovarian-like stroma, and the diagnosis was mucinous cystic neoplasm of the liver (MCN-L) with low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia. MCN-L is a rare disease and its characteristics are still poorly understood. MCN-L occurs at a lower frequency as compared to the counterpart of MCN of the pancreas, further investigations are necessary to clarify the biological malignancy of MCN-L.
Neutrophil plasticity: acquisition of phenotype and functionality of antigen-presenting cell
Authors: Takashima Akira , Yao Yi 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Accumulating lines of evidence now demonstrate that neutrophils can participate in adaptive immune responses directly or indirectly. Even more striking is their potential to acquire phenotypic and functional properties that are typically reserved for professional APCs. These newly emerging concepts of neutrophil heterogeneity and plasticity now challenge the classic view of neutrophils as terminally differentiated leukocytes fully committed to phagocyte functionality. Here, we present a brief overview of our current understanding of neutrophil plasticity by focusing on the acquisition of DC-like properties in culture and at sites of inflammation. Human and murine neutrophils acquire surface expression of MHC II, costimulatory molecules, and other surface markers of DCs when cultured in the presence of selected cytokines. The resulting populations also exhibit potent APC activities to present various antigens to T cells. “Unusual” neutrophils expressing DC markers have been detected in inflammatory lesions in human patients and mouse disease models. These findings imply that acquisition of DC-like properties by neutrophils at the sites of inflammation may represent a key process for linking the innate and adaptive arms of immune responses.
γ-Irradiated cancer cells promote tumor growth by activation of Toll-like receptor 1-mediated inducible nitric oxide synthase in macrophages
Authors: Ryu Yun-Kyoung , Lee Mi-Hee , Lee Jiyoung , Lee Jae-Wook , Jang Su-Jin , Kang Joo-Hyun , Moon Eun-Yi 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
RT is commonly used to treat malignant tumors. However, tumor regrowth is a major limitation to RT as an antitumor treatment. In the present study, we investigated the tumor-promoting effects of high-dose (or ablative) RT treatments on tumor-bearing mice. We focused on the role of macrophages that interact with IR-CCs in the TME, which cause tumor regrowth. We observed that CT26(H-2d) tumor growth was enhanced by i.v. injection of IR-CT26 cells compared with NR control CT26 cells. The levels of iNOS gene expression and NO production from RAW264.7 macrophages (H-2d) in response to the interaction with IR-CT26 cells were higher than with NR-CT26 cells. When CT26 tumor-bearing mice were treated i.v. with L-NMMA, a NOS inhibitor, the reduction in in vivo tumor growth was higher in the IR-CT26-injected group compared with the NR-CT26-injected control group. In vivo CT26 tumor growth was decreased after transplanting PEM extracted from L-NMMA-treated, tumor-bearing mice. Although iNOS activity was reduced by inhibiting TLR1 expression with TLR1-siRNA, it was enhanced by TLR1 overexpression. Transcriptional activation and protein expression levels of iNOS were also decreased in the presence of TLR1-siRNA but increased as a result of TLR1 overexpression. These results demonstrate that postradiotherapeutic tumor regrowth may be caused by interaction of IR-CCs with macrophages that induce TLR1-mediated iNOS expression and NO production. Our data suggest that iNOS in macrophages could be a useful target to regulate postradiotherapeutic responses in hosts and subsequently limit tumor regrowth.
How to Estimate the Results of Supporting Professional Identification of Young Scholars?
Authors: Кондратьева  , Kondrateva O. , Блинов  , Blinov V. , Сергеев  , Sergeev Igor 
Published: January 2015

The article presents approaches to the estimation of results of supporting professional identification of students, common in contemporary Russian
practice. Authors propose a set of criteria for assessing the effectiveness of the organizational and pedagogical support of professional identification of
students in transition from school to professional educational institution (efficiency, dominance, balance, satisfaction).
Improving the System of Work with Gifted Schoolchildren of the Region via All-Russian Academic Competition Results Analysis
Authors: Абатурова  , Abaturova Valentina 
Published: January 2015

In light of the new Conduct Procedures the article analyses some of the academic competitions results (season 2013/2014) that are generalized from:
data of electronic assessment system of regional competitions, reports of subordinate entities of the Russian Federation on carrying out the All-Russian
Academic Competition for schoolchildren submitted to the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, analytical reports of the central Subject and
Instruction Boards, various academic web-communities.
Expectations as Reference Points: Field Evidence from Professional Soccer
Authors: Bartling Björn , Brandes Leif , Schunk Daniel 
Published: January 2015

We show that professional soccer players and their coaches exhibit reference-dependent behavior during matches. Controlling for the state of the match and for unobserved heterogeneity, we show on a minute-by-minute basis that players breach the rules of the game, measured by the referee’s assignment of cards, significantly more often if their teams are behind the expected match outcome, measured by preplay betting odds of large professional bookmakers. We further show that coaches implement significantly more offensive substitutions if their teams are behind expectations. Both types of behaviors impair the expected ultimate match outcome of the team, which shows that our findings do not simply reflect fully rational responses to reference-dependent incentive schemes of favorite teams to falling behind. We derive these results in a data set that contains more than 8,200 matches from 12 seasons of the German Bundesliga and 12 seasons of the English Premier League. This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.
Comparison between Different Sampling Methods on Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Pterocarpus santalinus
Authors: Xu Bin , Zhu Tao , Liu Shui , Zhang Hui 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), along with other chromatography and spectroscopy techniques, has been used to provide convenient, rapid, and accurate information for identifying wood species. However, different sampling methods are capable of affecting the final results. Therefore, two different sampling methods, namely, direct injection of liquid wood extractives (DIWE) and head space of wood powder (HSWP), of GC-MS were compared in this work when typical Hongmu Pterocarpus santalinus was selected as the material. It was found that the number of chemical compounds produced by HSWP is less than the number produced by DIWE, and the boiling points of the HSWP compounds were also lower than the counterparts of DIWE because their retaining time in GC-MS spectrum is longer. It should be mentioned that the procedure of sample preparation for HSWP is simpler and more convenient than for DIWE, which gives HSWP an advantage over DIWE when many wood samples need to be identified by GC-MS. In addition, fingerprints of GC-MS spectra in both methods have been established as a histogram according to the main peaks in the spectra.
Bending Strength of Sandwich-Type Particleboard Manufactured from Giant Reed (Arundo donax)
Authors: Nazerian Morteza , Moazami Vahid 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of treatment type of reed (Arundo donax) particles bonded with urea-formaldehyde resin in panels, press closing time, and amount of almond shell powder used as an extender in the glue line had on the modulus of rupture (MOR) of sandwich panels in dry and wet conditions. The differences between the bending strength parallel and perpendicular to the face/back veneer grain in dry (MOR||dry and MOR⊥dry) and wet (MOR||wet and MOR⊥wet) conditions were determined using the t test. According to the results, the selected variables significantly affected the bending strength. The highest dry and wet MORs were obtained by using hot-water–leached particles in the core layer, increasing the press closing time, and increasing the extender content in the glue line. According to the t test, there was a statistically significant difference between the t values of MOR||dry and MOR⊥dry and also between MOR||wet and MOR⊥wet. The maximum MOR||dry and MOR||wet (15.33 and 13.13 N/mm2, respectively) were observed to be higher than those of MOR⊥dry and MOR⊥wet (13.37 and 12.41 N/mm2, respectively).
Operational Influences Affecting Sawlog Weight and Volume Relationships in the Intermountain West
Authors: Saralecos Jarred D. , Keefe Robert F. , Tinkham Wade T. , Brooks Randall H. , Johnson Leonard R. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
As weight-based timber sales become more common in the Intermountain West, characterizing the factors affecting weight-to-volume relationships for softwood sawlogs has become more important. Several factors are thought to affect sawlog weight and volume (W:V) relationships, but the relative importance of weather, topography, species, and region in the western United States has not been quantified. Analysis was conducted to determine the factors affecting W:V relationships across the state of Idaho for commercial softwood sawlogs. Using 7,929 sorted and scaled sawlog loads sampled throughout Idaho from 2011 to 2013, we studied the relationships between log small-end diameter (SED), region, atmospheric temperature, precipitation, and elevation, to assess changes in W:V. Relationships of W:V using mixed-effects models were strong (R2 of 0.74 to 0.90, P < 0.05) when fitted individually by species, with volume modeled as a function of weight, SED, truckload piece count, percent defect, and seasonal quarter: Y (board foot volume) = β0 + β1 (Tons) + β2 (SED) + β3 (Piece Count) + β4 (Length) + β5 (Defect) + β6 (Seasonal Quarter) + β7 (1|Sale Number/Ticket) + u (Error).
Guidelines for Dementia-Related Health Advocacy for Adults With Intellectual Disability and Dementia: National Task Group on Intellectual Disabilities and Dementia Practices
Authors: Bishop Kathleen M. , Hogan Mary , Janicki Matthew P. , Keller Seth M. , Lucchino Ronald , Mughal Dawna T. , Perkins Elizabeth A. , Singh Baldev K. , Service Kathy , Wolfson Sarah ,   the Health Planning Work Group of the National Task Group on Intellectual Disabilities and Dementia Practices
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Increasing numbers of adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) are living into old age. Though this indicates the positive effects of improved health care and quality of life, the end result is that more adults with ID are and will be experiencing age-related health problems and also exhibiting symptoms of cognitive impairment and decline, some attributable to dementia. Early symptoms of dementia can be subtle and in adults with ID are often masked by their lifelong cognitive impairment, combined with the benign effects of aging. A challenge for caregivers is to recognize and communicate symptoms, as well as find appropriate practitioners familiar with the medical issues presented by aging adults with lifelong disabilities. Noting changes in behavior and function and raising suspicions with a healthcare practitioner, during routine or ad hoc visits, can help focus the examination and potentially validate that the decline is the result of the onset or progression of dementia. It can also help in ruling out reversible conditions that may have similar presentation of symptoms typical for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. To enable caregivers, whether family members or staff, to prepare for and advocate during health visits, the National Task Group on Intellectual Disabilities and Dementia Practices has developed guidelines and recommendations for dementia-related health advocacy preparation and assistance that can be undertaken by provider and advocacy organizations.