bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
End‐Users: Apps Present Better Customer Communications for Utilities
Authors:   iFactor Consulting
Published: July 2014

AbstractExposure to leading‐edge communication technology tends to create a sense that this technology is widely used, even normal. Communication technology is definitely becoming more common and has become nearly universal among some groups (at least in the United States). However, a deeper look at technology adoption rates reminds us that the situation is more complex than the averages indicate.
Energy and the Environment: EPA's New Carbon Rule: Lots of Heat, Little Light
Authors: Lesser Jonathan A. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractShakespeare seems to describe appropriately the Environmental Protection Agency's proposed new Clean Power Act rule, a 645‐page monstrosity that will, supposedly, reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from electric‐generating plants by 30 percent from 2005 levels by 2030. Although power plant emissions have already decreased significantly since 2005, thanks to the wonders of hydraulic fracturing and low‐cost natural gas, the EPA's rule nevertheless is supposed to save the world from the multitudinous horrors that will be wrought by global warming—climate change, climate volatility, or whatever today's favorite moniker happens to be.
Electric Regulation: Both Wind and Solar Threaten Financial Feasibility of Base‐Load Generation
Authors: Bowden Nicholas S. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe interconnection of and production from larger quantities of renewable generation on the nation's power system has altered the traditional operational paradigm. The intermittency of two renewable generation sources, wind and solar, also known as variable energy resources, that constitute the most substantial investment introduces new challenges for power system operators.
THRESHOLD EFFECTS IN NONLINEAR MODELS WITH AN APPLICATION TO THE SOCIAL CAPITAL‐RETIREMENT‐HEALTH RELATIONSHIP
Authors: Gannon Brenda , Harris David , Harris Mark 
Published: July 2014

SUMMARYThis paper considers the relationship between social capital and health in the years before, at and after retirement. This adds to the current literature that only investigates this relationship in either the population as a whole or two subpopulations, pre‐retirement and post‐retirement. We now investigate if there are further additional subpopulations in the years to and from retirement. We take an information criteria approach to select the optimal model of subpopulations from a full range of potential models. This approach is similar to that proposed for linear models. Our contribution is to show how this may also be applied to nonlinear models and without the need for estimating subsequent subpopulations conditional on previous fixed subpopulations. Our main finding is that the association of social capital with health diminishes at retirement, and this decreases further 10 years after retirement. We find a strong positive significant association of social capital with health, although this turns negative after 20 years, indicating potential unobserved heterogeneity. The types of social capital may differ in later years (e.g. less volunteering) and hence overall social capital may have less of an influence on health in later years. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chlorambucil–rituximab as first‐line therapy in patients affected by follicular non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma: a retrospective single‐centre study
Authors: Martinelli Giovanni , Montoro Juan , Vanazzi Anna , Andreola Giovanna , Liptrott Sarah , Radice Davide , Negri Mara , Preda Lorenzo , Pruneri Giancarlo , Laszlo Daniele 
Published: July 2014

AbstractRituximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, has been shown to be active in newly diagnosed and relapsed patients with follicular lymphoma (FL), both as monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy. Many studies suggest that the prognosis of patients with FL may improve when it is used in combination with chemotherapy. Despite these advances, the disease remains essentially incurable with standard therapy, and novel approaches to treatment are needed because optimal therapy is not defined. The combination of chlorambucil–rituximab is one of several standard treatment options for FL. Here, we considered data arising from 75 patients with newly diagnosed FL at the European Institute of Oncology treated with the combination of rituximab plus chlorambucil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of chlorambucil and rituximab, delivered 6 mg/m2/day orally for 6 weeks and 375 mg/m2 in a standard 4‐weekly schedule, respectively. Patients responding to the induction therapy received a prolonged therapy with four additional cycles of chlorambucil plus rituximab. Seventy‐one patients (94.6%) completed the treatment; four patients discontinued treatment because of grade 3–4 hematological toxicity. The overall response rate was 97.3% including 74.7% of complete responses. Only two patients had a stable disease at revaluation after treatment. With a median follow‐up of 57 months, 72 patients (96%) are alive. Median event‐free survival (EFS) and median overall survival (OS) were not reached; 5‐year OS rate was 98.4%. The 5‐year EFS was 71.3%. By univariate and multivariate analyses, elevated beta‐2 microglobulin levels and partial responses to therapy were correlated with worse EFS. These results suggest that the combination of chlorambucil and rituximab is an active and safe regimen in patients with newly diagnosed FL, principally in those with low tumour burden and favourable prognostic factors. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Beyond cancer treatment – a review of total lymphoid irradiation for heart and lung transplant recipients
Authors: McKay Clare , Knight Kellie A. , Wright Caroline 
Published: July 2014

AbstractImmunosuppressive drugs used in the management of heart and lung transplants have a large monetary and quality of life cost due to their side effects. Total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) is one method of minimising the need for or replacing post‐operative immunosuppressive drugs. A literature review was conducted on electronic databases using defined search terms. The aim was to establish the indications for the use ofTLI, its advantages and disadvantages and the weaknesses associated with the methods used in related research. Eight articles were located that focused onTLIusage in combating organ rejection. These studies identified that the use ofTLIresulted in a reduction in early rejection. One study reported a drop in rejection episodes from 0.46 to 0.14 episodes per patient per month once theTLIwas complete. While the short‐term prognosis is excellent, the long‐term outlook is less positive with an increased risk of organ rejection and myelodysplasia 3.5 years post‐TLI. This review reminds us that radiation therapy (RT) is not exclusively indicated for cancer treatment. WhileTLIcannot replace immunosuppressive drug therapy, it can offer a treatment option for people that cannot tolerate immunosuppressive drugs, or when conventional anti‐rejection treatment is no longer viable. Reported long‐term complications suggest thatTLIshould be used with caution. However, this modality should not be overlooked in cases of chronic rejection. Further research is required to establish the efficacy of RT in the treatment of transplant patients who are unsuitable for drug‐based anti‐rejection therapies.
Involvement of CsNRT1.7 in nitrate recycling during senescence in cucumber
Authors: Wu Tao , Qin Zhiwei , Fan Lianxue , Xue Cunbao , Zhou Xiuyan , Xin Ming , Du Yalin 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA senescence‐induced gene named CsNRT1.7 was cloned from a cucumber cultivar with high capacity for low‐N tolerance using a homologous cloning technique based on bioinformatics analysis and cucumber genome information. The full‐length cDNA of CsNRT1.7 was 1803 bp with an open reading frame encoding 601 amino acids. Homology analysis showed that CsNRT1.7 had high homology (74%) to the Arabidopsis nitrate transporter gene NRT1.7. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that CsNRT1.7 had a close relationship with NRT1.7 among different nitrate transporters in Arabidopsis. Quantitative RT‐PCR and CsNRT1.7pro:GUS reporter analysis showed that CsNRT1.7 was a senescence‐induced gene, whose transcription was much stronger in old leaf, followed by mature leaf and young leaf of cucumber plants. CsNRT1.7 could also be induced by low‐nitrogen treatment. The transient expression of CsNRT1.7:EGFP in onion epidermal cells indicated that CsNRT1.7 was localized in the plasma membrane. Further functional analysis revealed that 35S:CsNRT1.7/nrt1.7‐2 transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed lower nitrate content and larger leaf size than nrt1.7‐2 T‐DNA insertion Arabidopsis plants. These results provide new clues to further understand the function of CsNRT1.7 regarding senescence‐regulated low‐nitrogen tolerance in cucumber.
Reconfigurable independent multiband CPW‐fed printed F‐antenna for USB applications
Authors: Soliman Ahmed M. , Elsheakh Dalia M. , Abdallah Esmat A. , El‐Hennawy Hadia 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTA low‐profile compact printed pentaband inverted F‐antenna (IFA) for wireless universal serial bus is presented in this article. The proposed antenna consists of four printed arms capacitive loaded IFA in one side and one parasitic ring slot with open end on the other side. The capacitive plate is added at end of each arm for size reduction. The proposed antenna is designed to operate at long term evaluation band 8, GSM 1800 MHz; Bluetooth 2.4 GHz, WI‐MAX 3.5 GHz, and WLAN 5.2 GHz. PIN diodes are used to reconfigure the operating frequencies by switching ON/OFF modes. The proposed antennas are studied using high frequency structure simulator version 13. The components interaction including housing case, laptop, desk, and chair are studied. The proposed antennas with and without PIN diodes are fabricated. The results show good agreement between simulated and measured results. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2237–2245, 2014
Dual frequency and dual circular polarization slot antenna for BeiDou navigation satellite system applications
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Yi , Yang Guo‐Min 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTA new design of a dual frequency and dual circular polarization slot ring antenna for BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) applications is presented in this article. The dual frequency is achieved by two slot rings and the dual circular polarization is obtained by asymmetry slots adjacent to the rings. An antenna used for BDS applications with optimized parameters is designed, fabricated, and measured. Measured results show that the proposed antenna has good circular polarization for both right‐hand circular polarization and left‐hand circular polarization. The −10 dB return loss relative bandwidths for the lower and higher bands are about 4.4 and 12.0 %, respectively. The 3 dB axial ratio bandwidths are both about 5% with respect to the center frequencies of 1615.68 and 2491.75 MHz, respectively. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2222–2225, 2014
Miniaturized dual broadband printed slot antenna with parasitic slot and patch
Authors: Baudha Sudeep , Kumar V. Dinesh 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTIn this article, a miniaturized dual broadband printed slot antenna with parasitic slot and patch is presented. Antenna is excited by a 50‐Ω microstrip line from the bottom. A wide slot antenna with a parasitic patch is taken as reference antenna. By the use of parasitic slot and patch an additional band is excited. Simulated results show that the impedance bandwidth, defined by 10‐dB return loss can operate from 2.4 to 6.1 GHz and 9.4 to 13.8 GHz, showing dual band nature. Experimental result shows agreement with the simulated results. Also, gain enhancement of 2 dB in second band has been observed. The proposed antenna is miniaturized to 60% in comparison to the reference antenna. The antenna is useful for 2.4/5.2/5.8‐GHz WLAN bands, 2.5/3.5/5.5‐GHz WiMAX bands and other wireless communication services. Proposed antenna details are described and experimental results are elaborated. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2260–2265, 2014
Ultra‐wideband antenna using Minkowski‐like fractal geometry
Authors: Tripathi Shrivishal , Mohan Akhilesh , Yadav Sandeep 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTIn this letter, a Minkowski‐like fractal geometry‐based ultra‐wideband (UWB) monopole antenna is proposed and investigated. The radiator of the antenna is designed using similar segments of the Minkowski‐like structure. The multiple resonance phenomena of fractal geometry are utilized in the proposed structure to obtain the wideband operability by repetition of similar segments in the radiator structure of the antenna. The self‐similar nature of this geometry provides higher effective antenna length and wide operating bandwidth. The multiple slots are introduced in the ground plane to improve the reflection coefficient over the entire UWB frequency range. The proposed antenna has an optimized dimension of 23.5 × 26.5 mm2 and shows the operating bandwidth from 1.4 to 10.4 GHz. The proposed design is fabricated, and its measured result shows good agreement with the simulated one. The proposed antenna exhibits nearly omnidirectional radiation pattern, proper impedance matching over the entire UWB frequency range. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2273–2279, 2014
Frequency selective surfaces design for a dual‐channel quasi‐optical system
Authors: Liu Xiaoming , Xu Liang , Yu Junsheng , Chen Xiaodong , Yao Yuan , Liu Hairui 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTWith the renewed applications of millimeter wave technologies in remote sensing, radio astronomy, and quasi‐optical (QO) systems have been widely used in various radiometer systems. Frequency selective surface (FSS) is one of the key components in a QO system, functioning as frequency separation. For a practical FSS component, small insertion loss and narrow transition band from pass band to stop band are preferred to maintain signal level and reject out‐of‐band noise, respectively. In addition, the bandwidth is also a concerned parameter. In this article, perforated array is used for the design and fabrication of FSS for a dual‐channel QO system. The agreement between measurement and simulation is satisfactory. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2365–2369, 2014
Monopole antenna loaded by stacked annular ring dielectric resonators for ultrawide bandwidth
Authors: Ozzaim Cengiz 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTTwo cylindrical ring dielectric resonators each having a step in its outer diameter are stacked and excited by an axi‐symmetric coaxial monopole. The bandwidth is improved by an additional resonance, where the monopole is about a full wavelength long. Numerical and measured data are compared to validate the results. The proposed hybrid antenna offers a fractional impedance bandwidth up to 140% with monopole type radiation. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2395–2398, 2014
Improved modeling of parallel‐coupled three‐line for wideband filters
Authors: Chen Chun‐Ping , Imashiro Wataru , Anada Tetsuo , Ma Zhewang 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTAn improved equivalent circuit of a parallel‐coupled three‐line section is derived for the design of wideband filter. Compared with the conventional model, the cross‐coupling between nonadjacent lines is taken into consideration and shows a better accuracy. A wideband filter composed of three‐line sections is then synthesized using the new equivalent circuit. The simulation and measurement results agree well with the theoretical ones, which validates the new model as well as the synthesis method. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2392–2395, 2014
Pattern reconfigurable patch array for 2.4 GHz WLAN systems
Authors: Nemati Mohammad Hossein , Kazemi Reza , Tekin Ibrahim 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTIn this project, a pattern reconfigurable simple two patch array antenna has been designed and implemented to operate at a fixed frequency of 2.4 GHz for beam scanning purpose. Proposed antenna operates at three different modes in which the radiation pattern steers 0°, ±30° with respect to the antenna broadside. In this article, a different approach has been taken to implement the reconfigurable antenna which is very simple and cost effective compared to previous works. For this, a SP3 RF switch is used to steer the radiation pattern by applying phase difference between the two antenna elements. A reconfigurable patch array is designed on a Rogers 5880 RT/DUROID substrate in which antenna element is fed in inset configuration. Measured and simulated results are well matched but with some minor deviations. Designed antenna array has a gain of 9 dBi in broadside and the gain drops to 7.5 dB when the beam is rotated by either ±30°. Pattern reconfigurable antenna can be used in wireless communication systems, where antenna pattern needs to be aligned with strongest signal sources or when the antenna needs to be kept away from noisy environments or interfering signals. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2377–2381, 2014
Remote sensing enhancement of objects using horizontal polarization of beam wave incidence in random media
Authors: El‐Ocla Hosam 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTWe aim to enhance the capability of remote sensing process through calculating the accuracy of the laser radar cross section (LRCS) in different levels of fluctuated media. In this regard, we present a study on the effects of turbulence on LRCS of conducting objects such as aircraft with different sizes. Consequently, sensed or measured LRCS can be adjusted. We pursue this through the calculation of the backscattering enhancement factor. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2406–2411, 2014
Broadband monopole antenna with split ring resonator loaded substrate for good impedance matching
Authors: Pandeeswari Ramasamy , Raghavan Singaravelu 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTA coplanar waveguide‐fed monopole antenna with split ring resonator (SRR) loaded substrate is introduced to obtain good impedance matching over a wide band of frequency. SRR is loaded on the backside of the substrate used to obtain a wideband covering from 3.87 to 7.63 GHz, which covers the 5 GHz WLAN and 5.8 GHz RFID applications. The size of the antenna is 31 × 24.57 × 1.6 mm3. A prototype of the proposed antenna has been fabricated and measured. The radiation pattern measured at resonance is omnidirectional in the H‐plane and bidirectional in the E‐plane. Details of the proposed antenna design and measured results are presented and discussed. The measured peak antenna gain is 2.51 dBi. SRR characteristics are also discussed to validate the results and parametric study of SRR is also done. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2388–2392, 2014
An AlGaAs/GaAs‐based planar Gunn diode oscillator with a fundamental frequency operation of 120 GHz
Authors: Maricar Mohamed Ismaeel , Glover James , Khalid Ata , Li Chong , Evans Gwynne , Cumming David S. R. , Oxley Christopher H. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTThis letter reports the highest fundamental oscillator operating frequency of 120 GHz for gallium arsenide (GaAs)‐based Gunn diode. The letter describes the design, fabrication, and test of the aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs)/(GaAs) planar Gunn diode with an anode to cathode separation of 1 μm and channel width of 120 μm. The planar Gunn diode was designed with an integrated series inductor in coplanar waveguide format. The experimental results showed that the planar Gunn diode oscillated at a fundamental frequency of 120.47 GHz with an RF output power −9.14 dBm. This is highest fundamental frequency and power recorded for a GaAs‐based Gunn diode. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2449–2451, 2014
A high gain and high linearity current‐reused CMOS LNA using modified derivative superposition technique with bulk‐bias control
Authors: Dai Ruofan , Zheng Yunlong , Zhu Hongwei , Kong Weiran , Zou Shichang 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTThis article presents the design of a 2.4 GHz low power high gain and high linearity current‐reused CMOS low noise amplifier (LNA) using modified derivative superposition (MDS) technique with bulk‐bias control. The MDS technique with bulk‐bias control is used to extend the auxiliary transistor's bias control range and enhance the linearity performance. The current‐reused topology is utilized to fulfill the low power consumption and high gain, simultaneously. The proposed LNA is fabricated in a 0.18‐μm 1P6M SiGe BiCMOS process and consumes a 6.53 mA quiescent current from a 1 V voltage supply. The measurement results show that the proposed LNA achieves a 24.1 dB power gain, 1.7 dB NF, −18 dB input P1dB, 8.75 dBm IIP3, 13.9 and 19.5 dB input and output return loss, respectively. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2444–2446, 2014
A down‐conversion mixer using 90‐nm CMOS process for 60‐Ghz applications
Authors: Huang Chia‐Yang , Chang Yu‐Hsin , Chiang Yen‐Chung 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTThis article proposes a double‐balanced 60‐ to 12‐GHz down‐conversion mixer fabricated in the 90‐nm CMOS process. The proposed mixer has a 5.825 dB measured conversion gain and 13–16 dB noise figure. The input P1dB of the mixer is −4.4 dBm and the measured LO‐IF, LO‐RF, and RF‐IF isolations are above 42, 44, and 41.5 dB, respectively. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2456–2458, 2014
Rotation of curl‐conforming elements with decomposition into loop‐star subspaces applied to the surface integral equation
Authors: Gil José Ma 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTAn useful method to develop div‐conforming elements for the surface integral equation is presented. The elements are obtained by rotating curl‐conforming bases used in the finite elements method. The procedure, throughout the theorem of trace, transforms the Helmholtz decomposition for electromagnetic fields into Hodge decomposition for surface currents. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2458–2462, 2014
A new design of focused antenna arrays
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Yi , Yang Guo‐Min , Geyi Wen 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTFocused antenna arrays may be designed to realize the desired near field patterns by optimizing the power transmission efficiency between the focused antenna array and a testing antenna introduced at the focal plane. The optimization theory takes the mutual coupling effects into the design consideration and can control the focal distance more precisely. In this article, a 4 × 4 focused microstrip antenna array with feeding network on the backside has been designed with the optimization theory. The target focal distance is chosen 10 cm away from the focused antenna array, and the maximum field intensity occurs 8 cm away from the array, which is about 80% of the focal distance. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2464–2468, 2014