bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single‐cell transcriptome analysis deciphers the CD74‐mediated immune evasion and tumour growth in lung squamous cell carcinoma with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Wang Denian , Li Sixiang , Yang Zhi , Yu Chunyan , Wu Pengfei , Yang Ying , Zhang Rui , Li Qingyan , Yang Jian , Li Hongchun , Ji Guiyi , Wang Yan , Xie Kang , Liu Yanyan , Wang Kaige , Zhu Daxing , Zhang Wengeng , Liu Dan , Chen Bojiang , Li Weimin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) contributes to the incidence and prognosis of lung cancer. The presence of COPD significantly increases the risk of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). COPD may promote an immunosuppressive microenvironment in LSCC by regulating the expression of immune‐inhibitory factors in T cells, although the mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to decipher the tumour microenvironment signature for LSCC with COPD at a single‐cell level.MethodsWe performed single‐cell RNA sequencing on tumour tissues from LSCC with or without COPD, then investigated the features of the immune and tumour cells. We employed multiple techniques, including multispectral imaging, flow cytometry, tissue microarray analysis, survival analysis, co‐culture systems and in vitro and in vivo treatment experiments, to validate the findings obtained from single‐cell analyses.ResultsLSCC with COPD showed increased proportions of tumour‐associated macrophages (TAMs) and higher levels of CD8+ T cell exhaustion molecules, which contributed to an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Further analysis revealed a critical cluster of CD74+ tumour cells that expressed both epithelial and immune cell signatures, exhibited a stronger capacity for tumorigenesis and predicted worse overall survival. Notably, migration inhibitory factor (MIF) secreted by TAMs from LSCC with COPD may promote the activation of CD74. MIF‐CD74 may interact with CD8+ T cells and impair their anti‐tumour activity by regulating the PI3K‐STAT3‐programmed cell death‐1 ligand 1 signalling pathway, facilitating tumour proliferation and immune evasion.ConclusionsOur comprehensive picture of the tumour ecosystem in LSCC with COPD provides deeper insights into relevant immune evasion mechanisms and potential targets for immunotherapy.Highlight
Our results demonstrated higher proportions of tumour‐associated macrophages (TAMs) and higher levels of exhaustion molecules in CD8+ T cells in the microenvironment of LSCC with COPD.
CD74+tumour cells were associated with poor disease prognosis.
Migration inhibitory factor (MIF)‐CD74 may interact with CD8+ T cells and impair their anti‐tumour activity by regulating the PI3K‐STAT3‐PD‐L1 signalling pathway, facilitating immune evasion.
The IGF2BP3/Notch/Jag1 pathway: A key regulator of hepatic stellate cell ferroptosis in liver fibrosis
Authors: Li Xinmiao , Li Yifei , Zhang Weizhi , Jiang Feng , Lin Lifan , Wang Yining , Wu Lingling , Zeng Han , Zheng Jianjian 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionLiver fibrosis is primarily driven by the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which involves various epigenetic modifications.ObjectivesN6‐methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent RNA modification in eukaryotic cells, influences numerous physiological and pathological processes. Nevertheless, the role of insulin‐like growth factor 2 mRNA‐binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3), a reader gene mediating m6A modifications, in liver fibrosis remains unclear.Methods and resultsThis study demonstrated that IGF2BP3 knockout reduces liver fibrosis by promoting HSC ferroptosis (FPT) and inactivating HSCs. Multi‐omics analysis revealed that HSC‐specific IGF2BP3 knockout decreased m6A content in Jagged1 (Jag1), a key component of the Notch signalling pathway. Furthermore, IGF2BP3 deficiency significantly reduced the expression of hairy and enhancer of split‐1 (Hes1), a transcription factor in the Notch/Jag1 signalling pathway, with mRNA levels declining to 35%–62% and protein levels to 28%–35%. Additionally, it suppressed glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) (decreased to approximately 31%–38%), a negative regulator of FPT, thereby facilitating HSC FPT progression and reducing profibrotic gene expression.ConclusionThese findings uncover a novel IGF2BP3/Notch/Jag1 signalling pathway involving HSC FPT, suggesting promising targets for ameliorating liver fibrosis.Key Points/Highlights
IGF2BP3 deficiency inactivates Jag1 signalling.
IGF2BP3 deficiency‐mediated m6A modifications promote HSC ferroptosis.
IGF2BP3 inhibition facilitates ferroptosis in HSCs via the Hes1/GPX4 axis.
IGF2BP3 deficiency inactivates Jag1/Notch1/3/Hes1 signalling pathway inactivation, leading to the decrease in GPX4, which contributes to HSC ferroptosis.
Downstream decreases in water availability, tree height, canopy volume and growth rate in cottonwood forests along the Green River, southwestern USA
Authors: Thaxton Richard , Scott Michael L. , Kemper John T. , Rathburn Sara L. , Butzke Sabrina , Friedman Jonathan M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHydrologic stress is increasing in Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii) forests across the southwestern United States because of increased temperature and streamflow diversion. The spatial variability of this stress is large yet poorly understood. Along the Yampa and Green Rivers in Colorado and Utah, vapour pressure deficit and flow diversions increase downstream. To investigate effects of this gradient on cottonwoods, we measured the percent live canopy and height of randomly selected trees at three sites: Deerlodge Park on the Yampa River (DLP), Island Park on the upper Green (ILP) and Canyonlands National Park on the lower Green (CAN). From these same trees, we took increment cores to understand differences in tree growth in each forest over time. We then related tree metrics to local water availability, streamflow and climatic data. Cottonwoods at CAN were shorter and had lower percent live canopy and growth rate than similarly aged trees upstream. CAN trees that grew higher above the water surface also tended to have lower tree growth, height and live canopy percentage. Furthermore, the correlation between tree growth and maximum vapour pressure deficit showed a much stronger negative shift since 1990 at CAN than at the other sites. All of these differences suggest higher hydrologic stress at CAN, which we attribute to the combined effects of peak flow declines from Flaming Gorge Reservoir, flow diversion and the higher and increasing vapour pressure deficit at CAN. Further research on the variability of hydrologic stress on cottonwoods could help managers anticipate and mitigate the effects of drought stress in these iconic forests.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the therapy of cardiogenic shock: 1‐year outcomes of the multicentre, randomized ECMO‐CS trial
Authors: Ostadal Petr , Rokyta Richard , Karasek Jiri , Kruger Andreas , Vondrakova Dagmar , Janotka Marek , Naar Jan , Smalcova Jana , Hubatova Marketa , Hromadka Milan , Volovar Stefan , Seyfrydova Miroslava , Linhart Ales , Belohlavek Jan ,   for the ECMO‐CS Investigators
Published: August 2024

AimsAmong patients with cardiogenic shock, immediate initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) did not demonstrate any benefit at 30 days. The present study evaluated 1‐year clinical outcomes of the Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in the therapy of Cardiogenic Shock (ECMO‐CS) trial.Methods and resultsThe ECMO‐CS trial randomized 117 patients with severe or rapidly progressing cardiogenic shock to immediate initiation of ECMO or early conservative strategy. The primary endpoint for this analysis was 1‐year all‐cause mortality. Secondary endpoints included a composite of death, resuscitated cardiac arrest or implantation of another mechanical circulatory support device, duration of mechanical ventilation, and the length of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stays. In addition, an unplanned post‐hoc subgroup analysis was performed. At 1 year, all‐cause death occurred in 40 of 58 (69.0%) patients in the ECMO arm and in 40 of 59 (67.8%) in the early conservative arm (hazard ratio [HR] 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.66–1.58; p = 0.93). The composite endpoint occurred in 43 (74.1%) patients in the ECMO group and in 47 (79.7%) patients in the early conservative group (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.55–1.25; p = 0.29). The durations of mechanical ventilation, ICU stay and hospital stay were comparable between groups. Significant interaction with treatment strategy and 1‐year mortality was observed in subgroups according to baseline mean arterial pressure (MAP) indicating lower mortality in the subgroup with low baseline MAP (<63 mmHg: HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.29–1.16; pinteraction = 0.017).ConclusionsAmong patients with severe or rapidly progressing cardiogenic shock, immediate initiation of ECMO did not improve clinical outcomes at 1 year compared to the early conservative strategy. However, immediate ECMO initiation might be beneficial in patients with advanced haemodynamic compromise.
Development of a Low‐Cost and Easy‐to‐Prepare Carbon‐Based Ink for Printed Electrodes Using Pet as Support
Authors: Lombello Coelho de Souza Malena Karla , Nunes da Silva Daniela , Ferreira Lucas Franco , César Pereira Arnaldo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study presents the development of a low‐cost, easy‐to‐prepare carbon‐based ink for printed electrodes using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as the support material. The ink was composed of graphite and cellulose acetate (80 : 20%) mixed with acetone and cyclohexanone as solvents. The screen‐printing technique, a versatile and economical method that allows the printing of high‐thickness films, was used to produce the sensor. The developed sensor was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), demonstrating good electrochemical behavior with a well‐defined peak corresponding to the redox probe and a low background current. The optimization process focused on analyzing and discussing the ink manufacturing process and characterizing the materials used. The performance of the fabricated printed electrode was evaluated using a potassium ferrocyanide probe as a model redox system. The proposed sensor has the potential for use in electroanalytical determinations and can be produced at a low cost of US$ 0.897 per unit. This study aims to contribute to the development of printed sensors that can be produced on a large scale, are disposable, and can be used to determine different analytes.
The impact of the choice of intensity measure and seismic demand model on seismic risk estimates with respect to an unconditional benchmark
Authors: Rudman Archie , Tubaldi Enrico , Douglas John , Scozzese Fabrizio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMany methods for seismic risk assessment rely on the selection of a seismic intensity measure (IM) and the development of models of the seismic demand conditional on the IM. The individual importance of these two features to accurately assess seismic performance is well known. In contrast, this study aims to evaluate the impact that the combined selection of IM and the demand model has on risk estimates. Using a hypothetical seismic source model and a non‐stationary stochastic ground‐motion model, we present risk estimates for a mid‐rise steel structure for 15 different IMs and five demand models derived by cloud analysis (four based on regression and a fifth based on an empirical binning approach). The impact of these choices is investigated through a novel method of model performance evaluation using a benchmark solution obtained via the unconditional approach (i.e., directly estimating demand exceedance frequencies from simulated ground motion time histories). The obtained results are also compared against traditional IM performance metrics, for example, efficiency and sufficiency. Finally, we demonstrate how risk estimate inaccuracies are propagated by performing a damage assessment on two example components. The results show that, for the scenario under investigation, Arias intensity combined with the binned demand model provides the best risk estimates, if sufficient samples are available, whilst ground displacement and duration‐based IMs ranked worst, irrespective of the demand model. The findings highlight the importance and interconnectedness of the selection of the IM and the demand model when using cloud analysis and present a clear method of determining the most accurate combination for risk assessments.
Mixed Lagrangian formulation for modeling structures with clutched inerter devices
Authors: Zhang Yixuan , Málaga‐Chuquitaype Christian , Lavan Oren 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInerters (ID) and Clutched Inerter Devices (CID) are a novel technology with demonstrated seismic control potential. However, the inherent nonlinearity and discontinuity of the clutching phenomena in CIDs can pose significant challenges for their accurate numerical modeling. In general, conventional existing methods either oversimplify the physics involved or are sensitive to the step size and thus are inherently unstable, demanding excessive numerical resources. Most relevant studies to date have focused on small‐scale systems with a limited number of inerters and have used simplified models due to the lack of analysis tools. At the same time, the Mixed Lagrangian Formulation (MLF), has proven to be a powerful tool for simulating non‐smooth dynamics phenomena. This paper presents an alternative way of modeling the behavior of CIDs in both MLF and conventional finite element method. We put forward an original formulation of the inerter element, clutching behavior, and the inerter‐related dissipation model, as well as their associated computational scheme in MLF and the equivalent construction in FEM. The newly proposed CID element in MLF is then implemented and validated through three examples, including a single degree of freedom system, a multi 10‐storey moment resisting frame (MRF), and a 10‐storey self‐centering concentrically braced frame (SC‐CBF) with multiple rocking sections. The results are compared to those from existing models used for clutching inerter and to the proposed FE model. Finally, the advantages of using the MLF framework and salient characteristics of the structures equipped with clutched inerters are discussed. The modeling strategy proposed in this work empowers researchers to simulate structures with a larger number of degrees of freedom, equipped with a considerable amount of inerter‐based devices, with reduced effort and improved computational performance.
Morphology, timing, and drivers of post‐glacial landslides in the northern Yellowstone region
Authors: Dixon Jean L. , Nicholas Grace E. , Pierce Kenneth L. , Lageson David 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe withdrawal of glaciers in mountainous systems exposes over‐steepened slopes previously sculpted by ice. This debuttressing can directly trigger mass movements or leave slopes susceptible to them by other drivers, including seismogenic shaking and changing climate conditions. These systems may pose hazards long after deglaciation. Here, we investigate the drivers of slope failure for landslides at the northern entrance to Yellowstone National Park, a critical conduit traversed by ~1 million visitors each year. Through field mapping and analyses of LiDAR data, we quantify the spatial and temporal relationships between eight adjacent slides. Stratigraphic relationships and surface roughness analyses suggest initial emplacement 13–11.5 ka, after a significant delay from Deckard Flats glacial retreat (15.1 ± 1.2 ka). Thus, rapid glacial debuttressing was not the direct trigger of slope failure, though the resultant change in stress regime likely had a preparatory influence. We posit that the timing of failure was associated with (1) a period of enhanced moisture and seismicity in the late Pleistocene and (2) altered stress regimes associated with ice retreat. Historical archives and cross‐cutting relationships indicate portions of some ancient slides were reactivated; these areas are morphologically distinguishable from other slide surfaces, with mean topographic roughness 2 times that of non‐active slides. Stream power analysis and archival records indicate Holocene incision of the Gardner River and human disturbances are largely responsible for modern reactivations. Our findings highlight the importance of combining archival records with stratigraphic, field and remote sensing approaches to understanding landslide timing, risk, and drivers in post‐glacial environments. This study also provides a valuable baseline for geomorphic change in the Yellowstone system, where a 2022 flood incised streams, damaged infrastructure and further reactivated landslide slopes.
The coaching flipside: Factors underlying unsuccessful workplace coaching interventions and the implication for human resource development
Authors: Kruger Frederik , Terblanche Nicky H. D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWorkplace coaching is an established, proven personal development intervention relied on by human resource (HR) practitioners to improve individual growth and organizational performance. Numerous studies underscore coaching efficacy. However, in most coaching studies, there is a bias toward positive coaching experience. This points to a missed opportunity in understanding the nuances of negative coaching experiences and its effect on HR development (HRD). To address this limitation, we identified 13 instances from a sample of 357 coachees where organizational coaching was experienced as predominantly negative. Content analysis of the interviews revealed three main themes: mismatched expectations (getting off to a bad start); suboptimal relationship dynamics (lack of trust and perceived coach incompetence); and disruptive organizational influences (hidden agendas). Findings interpreted through the lens of HRD and working alliance theories reveal deep hidden dynamics of how negative coaching experiences could destroy organizational trust, amplify cultural mismatches, and affect employee career trajectories, negatively impacting several HRD objectives on both individual and organizational levels. On a theoretical level, the findings empirically underscore the need for an extend working alliance theory that includes the organization as a distinct construct in the coach–coachee dynamics, and shows the dual positive and negative leveraging effect of coaching on HRD objectives. Practically it points to the essential need for HR practitioners to be more closely and proactively involved in organizational coaching initiatives and we offer a number of practical suggestions to help HR avoid the potential detrimental long‐term negative effects of unsuccessful coaching.
Behavioral skills training produces acquisition and generalization of run‐blocking skills of high school football players
Authors: Wiley Jason C. , Miltenberger Raymond G. , Tai Sharayah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBehavioral skills training (BST) has been used to improve football players' performance in one prior study, but limited data were collected on how the skill generalized from the training environment to the natural environment. The purpose of this study was to further evaluate the effects of BST in enhancing football players' performance while also evaluating the generalization of a skill taught in a training environment (i.e., practice) to the natural environment (i.e., game‐simulated scrimmage). This study included five high school offensive line football players and recorded their run‐blocking skills in the training context and a game context in baseline and following BST. The results showed that BST improved performance in the training environment, with run‐blocking skills slightly generalizing from the training environment to game‐simulated scrimmages. When BST was conducted in the natural environment, it further improved the participants' run‐blocking skills.
The benefits of forecasting inflation with machine learning: New evidence
Authors: Naghi Andrea A. , O'Neill Eoghan , Danielova Zaharieva Martina 
Published: August 2024

SummaryMedeiros et al. (2021) (Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 39:1, 98–119) find that random forest (RF) outperforms US inflation forecasting benchmarks. We replicate the main results in Medeiros et al. (2021) and (1) considerably expand the set of machine learning methods, (2) analyse the predictive ability of both the initial and extended sets of methods on Canadian and UK data, (3) add results on coverage rates and widths of prediction intervals and (4) extend the sample from January 2016 to October 2022. Our narrow replication confirms the main findings of the original paper. However, the wider replication results suggest that other methods are competitive with RF and often more accurate. In addition, RF produces disappointing results during the coronavirus pandemic and subsequent high inflation of 2020–2022, whereas a stochastic volatility model and some gradient boosting methods produce more accurate forecasts.
Production of magnetic photocatalysts from TiO2, Fe(NO3)3 and sucrose and their application for the degradation of model organic contaminants
Authors: de Oliveira Pereira Leydiane , do Rosario Guimarães Iara , Zampiere Luana Pereira , Marques Isabela Sales , de Moura Stéfany Gonçalves , Caetano Aline Aparecida , Magalhães Fabiano 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDPhotocatalysis is an efficient method for the removal of organic contaminants in wastewater. In this study, different magnetic photocatalysts for the degradation of organic compounds were prepared.RESULTSTi/C/Fe photocatalysts were prepared by supporting TiO2 (20, 40 and 60% w/w) on a carbon/iron oxide (C/Fe) magnetic carrier. Characterization via Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray diffractometry, thermal analysis, X‐ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy/elemental mapping and magnetic property analysis by vibrating‐sample magnetometry confirmed the presence of TiO2, Fe3O4, Fe3C and char in the photocatalysts as well as their magnetic properties. The results of specific surface area analysis showed that the C/Fe support had a surface area of 183 m2 g−1 and that this area decreased with an increasing amount of supported TiO2, reaching up to 129 m2 g−1. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy characterization revealed that the bandgap values obtained for the photocatalysts (Ti/C/Fe) were lower than 3.2 eV. The prepared photocatalysts showed high efficiency in degrading the contaminants Remazol Black (RB5) (99%), paracetamol (77%) and phenol (90%). Recovery and reuse experiments using RB5 showed that after the fourth reaction, the photocatalytic efficiency was reduced by 50%, and the recovery reached up to 70%. Sedimentation kinetics showed that while only 6% of the TiO2 was deposited, up to 89% of the photocatalysts were deposited.CONCLUSIONSThese results indicate that the photocatalysts showed excellent photocatalytic efficiency for different contaminants and can be easily and quickly separated from the reaction medium by magnetic separation. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).