bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dose and plasma concentration of galantamine in Alzheimer's disease - clinical application
Authors: Wattmo Carina , Jedenius Erik , Blennow Kaj , Wallin Åsa K 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Introduction
Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are currently treated with cholinesterase inhibitors, such as galantamine, without actual knowledge of its concentration in plasma. Our objective was to analyse potential relationships between galantamine concentration, galantamine dose, socio-demographic characteristics, body weight, body mass index (BMI), and treatment response.

Methods
Eighty-four patients with AD recruited from the Memory Clinic, Malmö, Sweden, and treated with galantamine were included in the study. Efficacy measures, including cognition (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale - cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog)) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), were evaluated at baseline, 2 months after treatment initiation (MMSE only) and semi-annually over 3 years. At these assessments, blood samples were obtained for the analysis of the galantamine concentration, and body weight, BMI, drug dose and time from drug intake were recorded.

Results
All patients had a measurable concentration of galantamine at all assessments. The mean plasma concentration of the drug exhibited a positive linear association with dose (r = 0.513, P < 0.001). The dose did not differ between sexes. Negative linear associations between the galantamine plasma concentration and BMI (r = -0.454, P = 0.001) or body weight (r = -0.310, P = 0.034) were found exclusively in the male group. When mixed-effects models were used, the dose of galantamine (P < 0.001), time from drug intake (P < 0.001), and BMI (P = 0.021) or weight (P = 0.002) were factors that predicted the concentration, whereas sex, age, and cognitive and functional changes were not.

Conclusions
High compliance to galantamine treatment was found among all patients in this naturalistic AD study. The impact of BMI or body weight on the plasma concentration of galantamine was important only among males. No relationship was observed between concentration and short-term treatment response or progression rate in terms of cognitive and functional abilities.
Transfers and transitions between child and adult mental health services
Authors: Paul Moli , Ford Tamsin , Kramer Tami , Islam Zoebia , Harley Kath , Singh Swaran P. 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundTransfer of care from one healthcare provider to another is often understood as a suboptimal version of the process of transition.AimsTo separate and evaluate concepts of transfer and transition between child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) and adult mental health services (AMHS).MethodIn a retrospective case-note survey of young people reaching the upper age boundary at six English CAMHS, optimal transition was evaluated using four criteria: continuity of care, parallel care, a transition planning meeting and information transfer.ResultsOf 154 cases, 76 transferred to AMHS. Failure to transfer resulted mainly from non-referral by CAMHS (n = 12) and refusal by service users (n = 12) rather than refusal by AMHS (n = 7). Four cases met all criteria for optimal transition, 13 met none; continuity of care in(n = 63) was met most often.ConclusionsTransfer was common but good transition rare. Reasons for failure to transfer differ from barriers to transition. Transfer should be investigated alongside transition in research and service development.
Electronic Prompt to Improve Outpatient Code Status Documentation for Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer
Authors: Temel Jennifer S. , Greer Joseph A. , Gallagher Emily R. , Jackson Vicki A. , Lennes Inga T. , Muzikansky Alona , Park Elyse R. , Pirl William F. 
Published: January 2013

Purpose Rates of documentation of end-of-life care preferences in the medical record remain low, even among patients with incurable malignancies. We therefore conducted a two-phase study to develop and assess the effect of electronic prompts to encourage oncology clinicians to document code status in the outpatient electronic health record (EHR) of patients with advanced lung cancers. Patients and Methods To determine the optimal delivery, content, and timing of the electronic prompt, we first facilitated focus groups with oncology clinicians at an affiliated medical center. Given this feedback, we developed e-mail reminders timed to the start of each new chemotherapy regimen. Between July 2009 and January 2011, 102 eligible patients with incurable lung cancer were approached, and 100 agreed to participate. We compared e-mail prompt participants (EPPs) with a cohort of 100 consecutive historical controls who began therapy for incurable lung cancer at least 1 year before the start of this study. The primary outcome measure was clinician documentation of code status in the EHR. Results EPPs were similar to historical controls, with no significant differences in demographic or clinical characteristics. At 1-year follow-up, 33.7% (n = 33/98) of EPPs had a code status documented in the outpatient EHR compared with 14.5% (n = 12/83) of historical controls (P = .003). Mean time to code status documentation was significantly shorter in EPPs (8.6 months [95% CI, 7.6 to 9.5]) compared with controls (10.5 months [95% CI, 9.8 to 11.3]; P = .004). Conclusion e-mail prompts may improve the rate and timing of code status documentation in the EHR and warrant further investigation.
Isolation of differentially expressed genes in wheat caryopses with contrasting starch granule size
Authors: Armonienė Rita , Jonavičienė Kristina , Ruzgas Vytautas , Brazauskas Gintaras 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn order to identify genes responsible for starch granule initiation during early development of wheat caryopsis, nine winter wheat breeding lines were studied. Two breeding lines, which are the most diverse in A-type granule size (26.85 µm versus 23.65 µm) were chosen for further differential gene expression analysis in developing caryopses at 10 and 15 days post-anthesis (DPA). cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (cDNA-AFLP) analysis resulted in 384 transcript-derived fragments, out of which 18 were identified as being differentially expressed. Six differentially expressed genes, together with the six well-known starch biosynthesis genes, were chosen for semi-quantitative gene expression analysis in developing wheat caryopses at 10 and 15 DPA. This study provides genomic information on 18 genes differentially expressed at early stages of wheat caryopses development and reports on the identification of genes putatively involved in the production of large A-type granules. These genes are targets for further validation on their role in starch granule synthesis control and provide the basis for the development of DNA marker tools in winter wheat breeding for enhanced starch quality.
Natural compounds with important medical potential found in Helleborus sp.
Authors: Maior Maria , Dobrotă Cristina 
Published: January 2013

AbstractHelleborus (family Ranunculaceae) are well-known as ornamental plants, but less known for their therapeutic benefits. Over the past few years, Helleborus sp. has become a subject of interest for phytochemistry, pharmacology and other medical research areas. On the basis of their usefulness in traditional medicine, it was assumed that their biochemical profile could be a source of metabolites with the potential to overcome critical medical issues. There are studies involving natural extracts from these species which demonstrate that Helleborus plants are a valuable source of chemical compounds with great medical potential. Some phytochemicals produced by these species have been separated and identified a few decades ago: hellebrin, deglucohellebrin, 20-hydroxyecdysone and protoanemonin. Lately, many other active compounds have been reported and considered as promising remedies for severe diseases such as cancer, ulcer, diabetes and also for common medical problems such as toothache, eczema, low immunity and arthritis. This paper is an overview of the Helleborus genus focusing on some recentlydiscovered compounds and their potential for finding new drugs and useful biochemicals derived from these species.
Role of HLA-G and other immune mechanisms in pregnancy
Authors: Durmanova Vladimira , Homolova Monika , Drobny Juraj , Shawkatova Ivana , Buc Milan 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPregnancy loss (abortion) and pre-eclampsia represent the most common disorders in pregnant women. Besides infection, there are anatomical, endocrinological, genetic and immunological factors that can induce pregnancy disorders. Because the exact mechanisms of physiological pregnancy maintenance are still not clearly understood, the search for genes and proteins fulfilling this role is still in progress. One of the immune molecules that plays a beneficial role in pregnancy is the nonclassical HLA-G molecule. The molecule is mainly expressed on trophoblast cells in the foetal placenta and induces the immune tolerance of the foetus via its interaction with inhibitory receptors on maternal NK cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes. In relation to pregnancy disorders, associations between HLA-G polymorphism, HLA-G level and HLA-G function were described. Thus, the HLA-G molecule can be used as a new diagnostic marker and, potentially, for the future therapy of pregnancy disorders.
Performance of multi camera views’ detection using MPEG-7 visual signature tools
Authors: Wnukowicz K. , Galiński G. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe paper presents experimental results for the detection of related video streams (views) of multi camera system using MPEG-7 visual signature tools. This detection can be used for identification of video streams stored in video repositories which constitute the same multi camera recording set. Two signature tools have been investigated: Image Signature descriptor and Video Signature descriptor. The motivation for the usage of the tools designed primarily for replica detection is the fact that the video material produced by multi camera system typically consists of a few related video streams which are similar to each other and, thus, the video streams produced by multi camera system can be regarded as semi-replicas as they contain predominantly the same scenes or objects recorded at the same time. Experiments show that only in some restricted scenarios of a multi camera system setup the MPEG-7 visual signature tools can be used for reliable detection of multi camera views. These reliable scenarios include systems having cameras with perpendicular optical axes and “far” scene.
An automatic and effective tooth isolation method for dental radiographs
Authors: Lin P. , Huang P. , Cho Y. , Kuo C. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractTooth isolation is a very important step for both computer-aided dental diagnosis and automatic dental identification systems, because it will directly affect the accuracy of feature extraction and, thereby, the final results of both types of systems. This paper presents an effective and fully automatic tooth isolation method for dental X-ray images, which contains up-per-lower jaw separation, single tooth isolation, over-segmentation verification, and under-segmentation detection. The upper-lower jaw separation mechanism is based on a gray-scale integral projection to avoid possible information loss and incorporates with the angle adjustment to handle skewed images. In a single tooth isolation, an adaptive windowing scheme for locating gap valleys is proposed to improve the accuracy. In over-segmentation, an isolation-curve verification scheme is proposed to remove excessive curves; and in under-segmentation, a missing-teeth detection scheme is proposed. The experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves the accuracy rates of 95.63% and 98.71% for the upper and lower jaw images, respectively, from the test database of 60 bitewing dental radiographs, and performs better for images with severe teeth occlusion, excessive dental works, and uneven illumination than that of Nomir and Abdel-Mottaleb’s method. The method without upper-lower jaw separation step also works well for panoramic and periapical images.
Video coding and transmission standards for 3D television — a survey
Authors: Buchowicz A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe emerging 3D television systems require effective techniques for transmission and storage of data representing a 3-D scene. The 3-D scene representations based on multiple video sequences or multiple views plus depth maps are especially important since they can be processed with existing video technologies. The review of the video coding and transmission techniques is presented in this paper.
D-buffer: irregular image data storage made practical
Authors: Lipowski J. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractModern hardware accelerated graphics pipelines are designed to operate on data in a so called streaming model. To process the data in this model one needs to impose some restrictions on input and output argument’s (most frequently represented by a two-dimensional frame buffer) memory structure. The output data regularity is obvious when we consider rasterizing hardware architecture, which draws 3D polygons using depth buffer to resolve the visible surface problem. But recently the user’s needs surpass those restrictions with increasing frequency. In this work we formulate and present new methods of irregular frame buffer storage and ordering. The so called deque buffer (or D-buffer) allows us to decrease the amount of memory used for storage as well as the memory latency cost by using pixel data ordering. Our findings are confirmed by experimental results that measure the processing time, which is up to four times shorter, when compared with previous work by other authors. We also include a detailed description of algorithms used for D-buffer construction on the last three consumer-grade graphics hardware architectures, as a guide for other researchers and a development aid for practitioners. The only theoretical requirement imposed by our method is the use of memory model with linear address space.
On-line range images registration with GPGPU
Authors: Będkowski J. , Naruniec J. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis paper concerns implementation of algorithms in the two important aspects of modern 3D data processing: data registration and segmentation. Solution proposed for the first topic is based on the 3D space decomposition, while the latter on image processing and local neighbourhood search. Data processing is implemented by using NVIDIA compute unified device architecture (NIVIDIA CUDA) parallel computation. The result of the segmentation is a coloured map where different colours correspond to different objects, such as walls, floor and stairs. The research is related to the problem of collecting 3D data with a RGB-D camera mounted on a rotated head, to be used in mobile robot applications. Performance of the data registration algorithm is aimed for on-line processing. The iterative closest point (ICP) approach is chosen as a registration method. Computations are based on the parallel fast nearest neighbour search. This procedure decomposes 3D space into cubic buckets and, therefore, the time of the matching is deterministic. First technique of the data segmentation uses accele-rometers integrated with a RGB-D sensor to obtain rotation compensation and image processing method for defining pre-requisites of the known categories. The second technique uses the adapted nearest neighbour search procedure for obtaining normal vectors for each range point.
Quaternion epipolar decomposition for camera pose identification and animation
Authors: Skarbek W. , Tomaszewski M. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn the literature of computer vision, computer graphics and robotics, the use of quaternions is exclusively related to 3D rotation representation and interpolation. In this research we found how epipoles in multi-camera systems can be used to represent camera poses in the quaternion domain. The rotational quaternion is decomposed in two epipole rotational quaternions and one z axis rotational quaternion. Quadratic form of the essential matrix is also related to quaternion factors. Thus, five pose parameters are distributed into three independent rotational quaternions resulting in measurement error separation at camera pose identification and greater flexibility at virtual camera animation. The experimental results refer to the design of free viewpoint television.
Structured light camera calibration
Authors: Garbat P. , Skarbek W. , Tomaszewski M. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractStructured light camera which is being designed with the joined effort of Institute of Radioelectronics and Institute of Optoelectronics (both being large units of the Warsaw University of Technology within the Faculty of Electronics and Information Technology) combines various hardware and software contemporary technologies. In hardware it is integration of a high speed stripe projector and a stripe camera together with a standard high definition video camera. In software it is supported by sophisticated calibration techniques which enable development of advanced application such as real time 3D viewer of moving objects with the free viewpoint or 3D modeller for still objects.
Formulation and release of alaptide from cellulose-based hydrogels
Authors: Sklenář Zbyněk , Vitková Zuzana , Herdová Petra , Horáčková Kateřina , Šimunková Veronika 
Published: January 2013

The modern drug alaptide, synthetic dipeptide, shows regenerative effects and effects on the epitelisation process. A commercial product consisting of 1% alaptide hydrophilic cream is authorised for use in veterinary practice. This study focuses on the formulation of alaptide into semi-synthetic polymer-based hydrogels. The aim of the present study is to prepare hydrogels and to evaluate the liberation of alaptide from hydrogels. The hydrogels were prepared on the basis of three gel-producing substances: methylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose and hydroxypropylcellulose. To enhance the drug release from hydrogel humectants, glycerol, propylene glycol and ethanol in various concentrations were evaluated. The permeation of the alaptide from gels into the acceptor solution was evaluated with the use of the permeable membrane neprophane. The amount of drug released from prepared hydrogels was determined spectrophotometrically. Hydrogels with optimal alaptide liberation properties were subjected to the study of rheological properties in the next phase. The optimal composition of hydrogel as established in this study was 1% alaptide + 3% hydroxyethylcellulose with the addition of 10% glycerol as humectant. Due to the advantageous properties of hydrogels in wounds, alaptide could be incorporated into a hydrogel base for use in veterinary medicine.
Cross-Compatibility Between Some Cultivated Cowpea Varieties and a Wild Relative (Subsp. <i>Dekindtiana</i> Var <i>Pubescens</i>)
Authors: Nwosu D. J. , Awa E. N. 
Published: January 2013

Four cultivated cowpea (Achi shuru, Ife Brown, Kanannado and Zebra bean) were crossed to their wild relative subsp. dekindtiana var. pubescens to ascertain their cross compatibility, reproductive potential and possible heterosis in the F1 generations. Results show that the cultivated varieties hybridized relatively well with their wild relative with pod set of 40.8% to 46.7%. F1 hybrid plants also showed high heterosis in plant height and number of leaves and produced viable seeds. These results are indications of a good reproductive potential of the hybrids thus making the wild, good candidate for transfer of important gene pool into the cultivated populations.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.10761 J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 195-200 (2013)
Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of <i>Desmodium Motorium</i> Merr.
Authors: Alam M. A. , Pal T. K. , Chowdhury M. A. , Rashid M. A. , Rahaman M. S. 
Published: January 2013

The n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane soluble fractions of methanol extract of the whole plant of Desmodium motorium were subjected to antioxidant activity by indicated method, inhibition of microbial growth by disc diffusion method and cytotoxicity by brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The methanol i.e., crude extract showed highest antioxidant activity having IC50 9.5 ?g/ml as compared to 9.0 ?g/ml for standard agent BHT. The n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride and dichloromethane soluble fraction showed moderate inhibitory activity to microbial growth, while all the extractive exhibited strong cytotoxic property with the carbon tetrachloride soluble materials revealed the strongest cytotoxicity with LC50 1.54 ?g/ml.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.10955 J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 201-205 (2013)
Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Ag/PVA Nanocomposite
Authors: Saleh H. H. , El-hadedy D. E. , Meligi G. A. , Afify T. A. 
Published: January 2013

Synthesis and characterization of Ag/PVA nanocomposite and comparison of its anti-bacterial activity with bacteriocin (nisin) for some pathogenic bacteria was carried out. Applications of the bacteriocin include dental care products, pharmaceutical products such as stomach ulcers, colon infection treatment and potential birth control. Ag/PVA nanocomposite was prepared by in situ reduction method, in which silver nitrate, gamma irradiation and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) act as precursor, reductant and stabilizer, respectively. The synthesized Ag nanoparticles (Ag-Nps) have potential antibacterial activity toward both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Further studies by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have demonstrated the structure and the distribution of Ag nanoparticles caped within PVA polymer chain.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.11828 J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 151-160 (2013)
Les couples mixtes : l'adoption de deux cultures ?
Authors: Platteau Geneviève 
Published: January 2013

Résumé Le couple mixte réunit deux personnes d’origine et parfois de couleur différentes. Cette différence constitue pour elles un attrait commun. Il y a une négociation permanente entre identité et appartenance, entre loyautés visibles et invisibles. Ces couples sont confrontés à une série de questions : comment construire une « identité conjugale » faite de l’adoption des deux cultures, où chaque partenaire s’affilie à celle de l’autre ? Comment se différencier dans la différence, comment créer une homogénéité en cherchant « du même » ?
Vœux parricides et fantasmes de dévoration
Authors: Houssier Florian 
Published: January 2013

Résumé Deux conflits traversent le processus d’adolescence : le premier concerne la spécificité postpubertaire des désirs incestueux et la capacité à s’en dégager, dans le sens de l’ouverture vers la complémentarité des sexes ; le second touche la nécessaire désidéalisation du parent homosexuel préœdipien. À travers les extraits de la psychothérapie de Jean, nous explorons le lien père/fils à l’adolescence et ce qu’il mobilise comme fantasmes ambivalents partagés, dans des modalités œdipiennes et préœdipiennes incluant notamment la circulation de fantasmes de dévoration. Ces fantasmes s’intriquent avec la désidéalisation de la figure paternelle, contribuant à l’élaboration des vœux parricides (incluant les désirs matricides) adolescents.