bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence‐based recommendations on the role of dermatologists in the diagnosis and management of psoriatic arthritis: systematic review and expert opinion
Authors: Richard M.‐A. , Barnetche T. , Rouzaud M. , Sevrain M. , Villani A.P. , Aractingi S. , Aubin F. , Beylot‐Barry M. , Joly P. , Jullien D. , Le Maître M. , Misery L. , Ortonne J.‐P. , Cantagrel A. , Paul C. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundPsoriatic arthritis (PsA) can develop at any time during the course of psoriasis.AimsThe aims of these practical recommendations are to help dermatologists identify patients at risk of PsA, to diagnose PsA in collaboration with rheumatologists and to gain a better understanding of initial PsA management.Materials and methodsA scientific committee consisting of 10 dermatologists and a rheumatologist selected clinically relevant questions to be addressed by evidence‐based recommendations using the DELPHI method. For each question, a systematic literature review was performed in Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library databases. The levels of evidence of all selected and reviewed articles were appraised according to the Oxford levels of evidence.ResultsAn expert board of 30 dermatologists reviewed and analysed the evidence and developed recommendations for the selected questions. Agreement among participants was assessed on a 10‐point scale, and the potential impact of the recommendations on clinical practice was evaluated. Among the 6960 references identified, 190 relevant articles were included in the reviews. Three recommendations regarding risk factors for PsA and one regarding PsA prevalence were issued. The mean agreement score between participants varied from 7.8 to 9.6. Three recommendations on PsA screening tools that can be used by dermatologists were issued. The mean agreement score between participants varied from 7.7 to 9.4. Initial PsA treatment options according to published guidelines were critically appraised for axial and peripheral involvement and enthesitis/dactylitis. Three recommendations were issued. The mean agreement score between participants varied from 7.6 to 8.7.DiscussionThe systematic literature research and meta‐analyses did not provide high‐quality evidence to support recommendations regarding PsA screening. Conversely, PsA treatment options were supported by strong evidence.ConclusionCooperation between dermatologists and rheumatologists should be emphasized to better identify and manage PsA patients.
Is there a psoriasis skin phenotype associated with psoriatic arthritis? Systematic literature review
Authors: Rouzaud M. , Sevrain M. , Villani A.P. , Barnetche T. , Paul C. , Richard M.‐A. , Jullien D. , Misery L. , Le Maître M. , Aractingi S. , Aubin F. , Joly P. , Cantagrel A. , Ortonne J.‐P. , Beylot‐Barry M. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPsoriatic arthritis (PsA) is associated with psoriasis with a prevalence varying from 5.94% to 23.9%. The aim of this study was to assess if some psoriatic skin features are associated with a higher risk of PsA. A systematic literature search was carried out from 1980 to January 2013, in the Embase and Pubmed databases, using a combination of keywords including (Psoriasis) AND (PsA). Of the 2746 articles retrieved, 25 references were selected. Meta‐analysis was performed when possible. Mean age at psoriasis onset appeared to be similar among patients with skin disease alone and in those with PsA. There was no clinical type of psoriasis specifically associated with PsA, including pustular psoriasis of palms and soles. Nonetheless specific psoriasis localizations were significantly associated with an increased risk of developing PsA in one cohort study: scalp lesions [Hazard Ratio (HR) 3.89 (95% confidence interval (CI):2.18–6.94)] and intergluteal/perianal lesions [HR 2.35 (95%CI:1.32–4.19)]. A similar association was found in two cross‐sectional studies. Nail involvement was significantly associated with PsA in the meta‐analysis [Odds Ratio (OR) 2.92 (95% CI 2.34–3.64)], particularly onycholysis [OR 2.38 (95% CI 1.74–3.26)]. Moreover, nail psoriasis was also associated with distal interphalangeal joint arthritis. The extent of psoriasis appeared to be associated with PsA in one cohort study [≥3 sites: HR 2.24 (95% CI 1.23–4.08)], one case–control study [body surface area >75%: OR 2.52 (95% CI 1.33–4.75)] and three cross‐sectional studies. The meta‐analysis suggested a trend for an association between high PASI and PsA risk [mean difference 3.39 (95% CI 0.94–5.83)]. Therefore, psoriasis patients with such clinical features may require a particular attention for early and close detection of PsA during the course of the cutaneous disease.
Accelerated Aging Effects on Color and Translucency of Flowable Composites
Authors: Korkmaz Ceyhan Yonca , Ontiveros Joe C. , Powers John M. , Paravina Rade D. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of accelerated aging on color and translucency parameter of composites.Materials and MethodsFiltek Supreme Ultra Flowable, shades A1, A3, White, Tetric EvoFlow, shades A1, A3, Bleach, and Filtek Z250 shades A1, A3, B1 were evaluated. Color and translucency were recorded using a spectrophotometer after 24‐hour storage (baseline) and after accelerated aging. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance.ResultsFisher's PLSD intervals for comparisons among products and shades were 0.4, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.4 for ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*, and ΔE*, respectively. The data showed significant ΔE* and ΔL* main effects for composite product and shades (p < 0.001) and their interactions (p = 0.008 and p = 0.03), respectively. Tetric EvoFlow displayed the smallest aging‐dependent color shift followed by Filtek Z250 and Filtek Supreme Ultra Flowable. Accelerated aging did not significantly affected the composites for translucency (p > 0.05).ConclusionThe effects of aging on color of resin composites were composite and shade dependent. Translucency was not affected by accelerated aging.Clinical SignificanceThe effects of aging on color of resin composites were composite and shade dependent.
A putative plant organelle RNA recognition protein gene is essential for maize kernel development
Authors: Chettoor Antony M. , Yi Gibum , Gomez Elisa , Hueros Gregorio , Meeley Robert B. , Becraft Philip W. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBasal endosperm transfer layer (BETL) cells are responsible for transferring apoplastic solutes from the maternal pedicel into the endosperm, supplying the grain with compounds required for embryo development and storage reserve accumulation. Here, we analyze the maize (Zea mays L.) empty pericarp6 (emp6) mutant, which causes early arrest in grain development. The Emp6+gene function is required independently in both the embryo and endosperm. The emp6 mutant causes a notable effect on the differentiation of BETL cells; the extensive cell wall ingrowths that distinguish BETL cells are diminished and BETL marker gene expression is compromised in mutant kernels. Transposon tagging identified the emp6 locus as encoding a putative plant organelle RNA recognition (PORR) protein, 1 of 15 PORR family members in maize. The emp6 transcript is widely detected in plant tissues with highest levels in embryos and developing kernels. EMP6‐green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion proteins transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves were targeted specifically to mitochondria. These results suggest that BETL cell differentiation might be particularly energy intensive, or alternatively, that mitochondria might confer a developmental function.
Inpatient Children and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS): outcomes of young people with and without intellectual disability
Authors: Chaplin R. , Roach S. , Johnson H. , Thompson P. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the effectiveness of inpatient care for young people with co‐morbid mental illness and intellectual disability (ID). This study aims to compare the demographics and outcome of young people with mental illness with or without ID admitted to psychiatric hospital. A secondary aim is to look into the outcome of those with ID admitted to general mental health young people's units.MethodData were collected on the outcome of young people's admissions to specialist ID and general adolescent mental health units as part of a larger quality improvement project run by the College Centre for Quality Improvement. Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents (HoNOSCA) scores were completed by local clinical staff at admission and discharge on 38 young people with and 113 people without ID from 14 units.ResultsYoung people with mental disorders significantly improved clinically over the admission whether or not they had ID. There were no differences between the groups in age or use of the Mental Health Act but people admitted with ID were more likely to be male and had longer lengths of stay. Admission to a general adolescent unit was associated with clinical improvement for people with ID.ConclusionsThis study needs replication because of the small sample and incomplete data but it suggests that young people with ID and mental disorders significantly improve clinically when admitted to hospital as do their non‐disabled peers.
The relationship between area deprivation and contact with community intellectual disability psychiatry
Authors: Nicholson L. , Hotchin H. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundPeople with intellectual disabilities (ID) have high rates of psychiatric illness and are known to live in more deprived areas than the general population. This study investigated the relationship between area deprivation and contact with ID psychiatry.MethodPsychiatric case notes and electronic records were used to identify all patients who had face‐to‐face contact with community ID psychiatric services over 1 year in the North East Community Health Partnership of Greater Glasgow and Clyde (estimated population 177 867). The Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) were determined for the patient sample and for the general population living in the same area.ResultsBetween 1 June 2012 and 1 June 2013, 184 patients were seen by ID psychiatry over a total of 553 contacts, with valid SIMD data for 179 patients and 543 contacts. Fifty‐two per cent of patients (n = 93) lived in the most deprived SIMD decile, and 90.5% (n = 152) in the lowest 5 deciles. Compared with the general population, there were significantly more patients than expected living in the most deprived decile (Fisher's Exact test, P = 0.009) and in the most deprived 5 deciles (Fisher's Exact test, P = 0.001). The median number of contacts was 2 (interquartile range = 1–3). There was no significant association between the number of contacts and SIMD decile. Forty‐eight point one per cent (n = 261) of all contacts were with patients living in the most deprived decile and 88.6% (n = 481) in the most deprived 5 deciles. This was significantly more than expected compared with general population data (Fisher's Exact test, P = 0.008 and Fisher's Exact test, P ≤ 0.001).ConclusionsIn the area under study, contact with ID psychiatry was greater in more deprived areas. Given the high psychiatric morbidity of people with ID, if services do not adjust for deprivation, this may lead to further discrimination in an already disadvantaged population.
Beyond the floor effect on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – 4th Ed. (WISC‐IV): calculating IQ and Indexes of subjects presenting a floored pattern of results
Authors: Orsini A. , Pezzuti L. , Hulbert S. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundIt is now widely known that children with severe intellectual disability show a ‘floor effect’ on the Wechsler scales. This effect emerges because the practice of transforming raw scores into scaled scores eliminates any variability present in participants with low intellectual ability and because intelligence quotient (IQ) scores are limited insofar as they do not measure scores lower than 40.MethodFollowing Hessl et al.'s results, the present authors propose a method for the computation of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – 4th Ed. (WISC‐IV)'s IQ and Indexes in intellectually disabled participants affected by a floored pattern of results. The Italian standardization sample (n = 2200) for the WISC‐IV was used. The method presented in this study highlights the limits of the ‘floor effect’ of the WISC‐IV in children with serious intellectual disability who present a profile with weighted scores of 1 in all the subtests despite some variability in the raw scores.ResultsSuch method eliminates the floor effect of the scale and therefore makes it possible to analyse the strengths and weaknesses of the WISC‐IV's Indexes in these participants.ConclusionsThe Authors reflect on clinical utility of this method and on the meaning of raw score of 0 on subtest.
Stone Replicas: The Iteration and Itinerancy of Mexican Patrimonio
Authors: Rozental Sandra 
Published: July 2014

ResumenEn el 2007, los habitantes de Coatlinchan consagraron una estatua hecha de concreto al darle los poderes meteorológicos de una deidad del agua antigua. La figura es una réplica exacta de un monolito prehispánico de 167 toneladas que fue notoriamente trasladado de Coatlinchan al Museo Nacional de Antropología en la Ciudad de México en 1964. Sin embargo, esta no es la primera vez que una réplica de la piedra tallada ha sido transformada en un ente capaz de producir agua: en los años 60, el estado mexicano construyó réplicas de la efigie en sus proyectos de infraestructura hidráulica. En este artículo, sostengo que las reproducciones del monolito van de la mano con su transformación como parte de un complejo más amplio de cosas patrimoniales en México. Mediante estos casos de reproducción, muestro de qué manera una formación supuestamente diseñada para convertir deidades antiguas en objetos de patrimonio únicos en realidad revitaliza la capacidad de estos objetos de funcionar como vínculos que anclan y producen localidad y colectividad en México.
Retrieval Technique for Full‐Arch Implant‐Supported Fixed Prosthesis: A Clinical Report
Authors: Simamoto‐Júnior Paulo César , Fernandes‐Neto Alfredo Júlio , Neves Flávio Domingues , Dantas Talita Souza , Naves Lucas Zago 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn the event of the loss of an implant and to take advantage of the preexisting structures, a rescue procedure that allows continuous use of the original fixed restoration during the restoration of the tripod support at the implant level can be used. When nonphysiological occlusion forces are avoided, the success rate of this rescue procedure is very similar to any other rehabilitation made following a conventional protocol. Furthermore, the fact that the patient has already adapted to the prosthesis position and its vertical dimension results in easier functional adaptation in the postoperative period and, consequently, greater comfort.
Identification of Clt‐1‐Regulated Proteins Associated with the Production of Non‐Host‐Specific Toxin and Pathogenicity in Cochliobolus lunatus
Authors: Gao Jin‐Xin , Jing Jing , Liu Tong , Chen Jie 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe Curvularia leaf spot is caused by Curvularia lunata (telemorph: Cochliobolus lunatus), which produces a non‐host‐specific toxin known as methyl 5‐(hydroxymethyl) furan‐2‐carboxylate (M5HF2C). The Clt‐1 gene, which is from a pathogen closely associated with M5HF2C production and pathogenicity, was successfully cloned. However, the proteins related to toxin production or pathogenicity were not identified. In this study, a proteomic approach based on two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis (2‐DE) and mass spectrometry (MS) techniques was used to identify the specific proteins associated with Clt‐1 expression in C. lunatus wild‐type CX‐3 and Clt‐1 deletion mutant ΔClt‐1. Five upregulated and two downregulated proteins were identified in ΔClt‐1. Succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein subunit (Sdh1p) functions as a coenzyme of dehydrogenase in the anabolism of toxin. Eukaryotic elongation factor 3 (EF‐3) facilitates the synthesis of important proteins required for the production of toxins in C. lunatus. Melanin synthesis‐related protein scytalone dehydratase (SCD) and stress tolerance‐related proteins (HSP30 and HSP70) contribute to the pathogenicity of C. lunatus. Real‐time quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR) analysis showed that the Scd gene exhibited similar expression pattern at the transcriptional level, corresponding to the protein detected by 2‐DE. Bioinformatics analysis showed that Scd encodes a scytalone dehydratase subunit of 188 amino acids, which is clustered into one branch with dothideomycete SCD homologs in a phylogenetic tree. Further study on the exact role of the Scd gene is underway.
Trading Effects of the FIFA World Cup
Authors: Avsar Veysel , Unal Umut 
Published: July 2014

SummaryThis study analyzes the trading effects of FIFA World Cup in two dimensions. First, we show that participating in the World Cup significantly increases exports from the participant countries to the host countries, relative to a control group of non‐participants. Second, we demonstrate that trade is reasonably higher for host‐participant pairs compared to other country pairs. We also provide dynamic estimates for both cases and offer plausible arguments and important channels for our findings.
National Identity and Religious Diversity
Authors: Harttgen Kenneth , Opfinger Matthias 
Published: July 2014

SummaryPeople are attracted to the idea of nationalism and a national identity. Existing literature proposes that social heterogeneity has a detrimental effect on national identity. We contribute to this literature by proposing that religious diversity, as another form of social heterogeneity, can better explain the formation of a national identity. We construct an index for national identity using information from the World Values Survey on peoples' affection for their nation. We then analyze the relationship between national identity and religious diversity. The results suggest that religious diversity is significantly and negatively related to national identity. We also find support for the previous finding that ethnic diversity does not seem to be related to national identity. Democratic institutions and mobility throughout the country are positively related to national identity if religious diversity is sufficiently high. Democratic institutions can overcome the negative effect of religious diversity on national identity.
Winners and Losers in Transition: Preferences for Redistribution and Nostalgia for Communism in Eastern Europe
Authors: Okulicz‐Kozaryn Adam 
Published: July 2014

SummaryI study the preferences for redistribution in Eastern Europe. After the collapse of communism c. 1990, preferences for redistribution did not decrease by 2000, and if anything, they increased. One explanation is the so‐called “public values effect”: individual beliefs shape preferences for redistribution. East Europeans continue to believe that it is the responsibility of the state to provide for the poor, and hence, they prefer redistribution. Income and expected income also affect preferences for redistribution but to a lesser degree than relative income and income history. The ‘winners’ of the transition, i.e., those who are better off after the collapse of communism, prefer less redistribution.
Marco Polo: Factotum, Auditor. Language and Political Culture in the Mongol World Empire
Authors: Wolfe Alexander C. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractFrom its earliest reception, Marco Polo's “Description of the World” has been read as the record of a Venetian traveler's adventure in Asia, despite its author's claim to have spent two decades as an official of the Mongol state. This article provides a fresh assessment of Marco's narrative by placing his assertions in the context of recent scholarship on the political and cultural structures of the Mongol world empire. Where once the Mongols were only appreciated as military actors, who destroyed or crudely manipulated civil societies, a new picture has emerged of a polyglot, multiethnic system run in considerable part by outsiders like Marco. Viewing his work as part of a project of Mongol governance, we see better how cultural diversity and the exchange of information and skilled individuals was a major strength of the Mongol world system.
Globalizing Imperium: Thirteenth‐Century Perspectives on the Mongols
Authors: Kim Margaret 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis paper investigates thirteenth‐century perspectives on Mongol imperium from different parts of the world, by comparing Franciscan John of Plano Carpini's *History of the Mongols* and the anonymous *Secret History of the Mongols*, considered the authoritative history of the empire by an anonymous Mongol author close to the imperial family. In the thirteenth century, Mongol ascendency in the East facilitated direct farreaching trade, communication, and exchange between various parts of the world unparalleled before in human history. While globalization did not exist then in the same way that it does today, I term the reach of the Mongol imperium “global” in the sense that it enabled, on an unprecedented scale, the amazing circulation of people and exchange of ideas between different regions, cultures, and communities in the East and West. Yet at the same time that they made world order and transformed history, contemporary observers of the nomads from different civilizations characterized them as the Other. My paper investigates the characterization of the Mongols as the paradoxical embodiment of savagery and absolute power from perspectives in both the East and West in this global context. It suggests that the Mongols offered a model of absolute rule and imperial dominance that resonated with non‐nomadic observers and permutated from East to West in the global thirteenth century.
New Voices for Expressive Pragmatism: Bridging the Divide between Pragmatism and Perfectionism
Authors: Frega Roberto 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis article explores the theme of moral rationality by examining two distinct philosophical approaches, those of perfectionism and pragmatism broadly construed. It does this by comparing Cora Diamond's reading of J. M. Coetzee's novel The Lives of Animals with an imaginary reading of the same novel tuned to a moral sensibility closer to Deweyan pragmatism. By comparing a real account with an imaginary one, the article intends to press Diamond's perfectionist understanding of problematic moral experience into confrontation with a pragmatist account of the same phenomenon. This reading becomes the starting point for a broader confrontation between two larger philosophical conceptions: perfectionism and pragmatism. By this comparison, the article means to extend a dialogue begun more than a century ago, showing in particular that integrating both perspectives within a common moral epistemology provides new insights into our understanding of moral experience. The general claim is that their differences notwithstanding, perfectionism and pragmatism share a common moral sensibility, although they part ways on some decisive issues that the article makes explicit.