bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Method for retrieving Endodontic or Atypical Nonendodontic separated Instruments from the Root Canal: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: de Toledo Leonardo Renato , Kuga Milton Carlos , Keine Katia Cristina , Dantas Andrea Abi Rached , Faria Gisele , Monteiro Jardel Camilo do Carmo , Jordão-Basso Keren Cristina Fagundes , Ruchaya Prashant Jay 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Aim
This clinical report presents a new method for retrieving separated instruments from the root canal with minimally invasive procedures.

Background
The presence of separated instrument in root canal may interfere in the endodontic treatment prognosis. There are several recommended methods to retrieve separated instruments, but some are difficult in clinically practice.

Case report
This study describes two cases of separated instrument removal from the root canal using a stainless-steel prepared needle associated with a K-file. Case 1 presented a fractured gutta-percha condenser within the mandibular second premolar, it was separated during incorrect intracanal medication calcium hydroxide placement. Case 2 had a fractured sewing needle within the upper central incisor that the patient used to remove food debris from the root canal. After cervical preparation, the fractured instruments were fitted inside a prepared needle and then an endodontic instrument (#25 K-file) was adapted with clockwise turning motion between the needle inner wall and the fragment.

Conclusion
The endodontic or atypical nonendodontic separated instrument may be easily pull on of the root canal using a single and low cost device.

Clinical significance
The methods for retrieving separated instruments from root canal are difficult and destructive procedures. The present case describes a simple method to solve this problem.

How to cite this article
do Carmo Monteiro JC, Kuga MC, Dantas AAR, Jordão-Basso KCF, Keine KC, Ruchaya PJ, Faria G, de Toledo Leonardo R. A Method for retrieving Endodontic or Atypical Nonendodontic separated Instruments from the Root Canal: A Report of Two Cases. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(6):770-774.
Calcium Phosphate Barrier for Augmentation of Bone in noncontained Periodontal Osseous Defects: A Novel Approach
Authors: Chopra Aditi , Sivaraman Karthik , Awataramaney Tarun K 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Aim
The aim of this technique is to augment bone in noncontained osseous deformities using a unique self-sustaining calcium phosphate barrier.

Introduction
Bone has the inherent ability to regenerate completely if it is provided with a fracture space or an undisturbed enclosed scaffold. A secluded environment is essential as it provides a secured, sterile and stable wound system that regenerates lost bone by a process of osteopromotion. Reconstructive techniques using bone grafts and barrier membranes utilize this principle for augmentation of deficient bony sites by providing a closed environment that promotes clot stability, graft retention, and facilitates correct cell repopulation. However, in noncontained bone defects like one walled infrabony periodontal defect or sites with horizontal bone loss, regeneration of bone still remains an unrealistic situation since osseous topography at such sites does not favor membrane stability or bone grafts retention. This case report presents a promising technique to augment bone in areas with horizontal loss.

Technique
Augmentation of bone in the interdental area with horizontal bone loss was accomplished by building a contained defect using a unique self sustaining calcium phosphate cement formulation. The calcium phosphate barrier stimulates the lost cortical plates and promotes graft retention and clot stability. At 6 months, there was a significant bone fill and trabecular formation in the interdental area and reduction in tooth mobility.

Conclusion
This promising technique could prove to be a good alternative to the conventional approaches for treating osseous deformities.

Clinical significance
Calcium phosphate is a promising barrier graft for repair of noncontained periodontal osseous defect. This technique cues both the clinicians and manufacturers to develop moldable tissue engineered constructs for osseous repair.

How to cite this article
Chopra A, Sivaraman K, Awataramaney TK. Calcium Phosphate Barrier for Augmentation of Bone in noncontained Periodontal Osseous Defects: A Novel Approach. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(6):779-783.
Early and Immediate Loading Protocols for Overdentures in Completely Edentulous Maxillas: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Trials
Authors: Alfadda Sara Abdulaziz 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
A comprehensive review was conducted to answer the question ‘Does the immediate loading of dental implants with an overdenture in the maxilla provide predictable clinical and psychological outcomes?’ Detailed search strategies were used to identify pertinent articles in English that were published between 1975 and August 2013 and indexed in PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and a personal library; in addition, relevant journals were manually searched. Only randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs), controlled clinical trials (CCTs), and prospective studies with a follow-up period of at least one year, all involving 10 or more adult participants, were considered. Six prospective studies reporting on outcomes of up to 2 years were included, five of which employed a bar-retained overdenture, and one of which used a ball attachment as a retention mechanism. Short term reports demonstrate that immediate/early loading of dental implants with a maxillary overdenture is a predictable treatment approach and results in favorable implant/prosthesis survival, soft tissue health, and patient satisfaction outcomes. However, for a definitive conclusion, well-designed long-term trials are required to establish a consensus on treatment planning, longevity, longterm complications and maintenance, cost-effectiveness, and patients-mediated outcomes.

How to cite this article
Alfadda SA. Early and Immediate Loading Protocols for Overdentures in Completely Edentulous Maxillas: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Trials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(6):797-805.
Halitosis: A Review of the Etiologic Factors and Association with Systemic Conditions and its Management
Authors: Ahmad Zeeshan H 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
Halitosis is a general term defined as an unpleasant or offensive odor emanating from the breath, arising from either oral or nonoral sources. Extraoral factors, such as ear-nosethroat conditions or gastrointestinal, respiratory, and systemic diseases, may also contribute to oral malodor. Although, halitosis has a multifactorial etiology, local factors play an important role in the majority of cases. Halitosis may lead to significant personal discomfort and social embarrassment. Assessment of halitosis can be performed using organoleptic measurements, sulfide monitoring, gas chromatography, microbial testing and chemical test strips. Management approaches are based on masking oral malodor, reducing the levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), and mechanical and/or chemical treatment. This review aims to identify the etiology of oral halitosis, describe the methods available for assessment and differential diagnosis and introduce a variety of management strategies. The importance of a multidisciplinary approach for the improvement of overall health and for the management and prevention of halitosis is highlighted.

How to cite this article
Mokeem SA. Halitosis: A Review of the Etiologic Factors and Association with Systemic Conditions and its Management. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(6):806-811.
Evaluation of Medicinal Interventions for the Management of Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Awan Kamran Habib , Habib Syed Rashid , Pejcic Ana , Zain Rosnah Binti 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
Oral submucous fibrosis is a chronic, progressive scarring disease associated with both significant morbidity including pain and limited mouth opening and an increased risk for malignancy. This systematic review evaluated the different medicinal (i.e. nonsurgical) interventions available for the management of oral submucous fibrosis.
An automated literature searches of online databases from January 1960 to December 2013 were performed and only studies with high level of evidence based on the guidelines of the Oxford Centre for evidence-based medicine were selected. Thirteen studies (3 randomized controlled trials and 10 clinical trials/controlled clinical trials) were included and drugs like steroids, hyaluronidase, human placenta extracts, chymotrypsin and collagenase, pentoxifylline, nylidrin hydrochloride, iron and multivitamin supplements including lycopene were used. There is a clear lack of evidence on the available drug treatment for oral submucous fibrosis and further high quality randomized controlled trials are needed to evaluate the different therapeutic agents.

How to cite this article
Awan KH, Patil S, Habib SR, Pejcic A, Zain RB. Evaluation of Medicinal Interventions for the Management of Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Systematic Review of the Literature. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(6):812-817.
Événement, idéologie et utopie
Authors: AMALRIC Jean-Luc 
Published: March 2015

RESUMEL’hypothèse que tente d’esquisser cet article est que l’idée ricœurienne d’une médiatisation dynamique des contradictions de l’imaginaire social présuppose une corrélation originaire de l’idéologie et de l’utopie qui ne peut elle-même être comprise qu’à partir de l’événement de l’institution d’un imaginaire social constituant. Dans un premier temps, l’article s’efforce de cerner ce qui fait la spécificité de la théorie ricœurienne de l’idéologie et de l’utopie comme « pratiques imaginatives », en soulignant à ce titre l’influence déterminante des thèses de Jacques Ellul sur l’idéologie. Puis, dans un second temps, il s’engage dans une analyse régressive qui conduit de la réappropriation ricœurienne de la conception dialectique de l’idéologie et de l’utopie exposée par Mannheim à l’idée d’un fondement événementiel de ces deux formes opposées de l’imaginaire social.Mots-Clés : Evénement, idéologie, utopie, Ellul, Mannheim. ABSTRACTThis paper attempts to sketch out the hypothesis that the Ricœurian conception of a dynamic mediatization of the contradictions of the social imaginary presupposes an original correlation between ideology and utopia, which can itself be understood only from the event that institutes a constitutive social imaginary. The first part of the paper marks out the specificity of the Ricœurian theory of ideology and utopia in terms of “imaginative practices”, underlining the determining influence of Jacques Ellul’s theses on ideology. The second part tries to develop a regressive argument, starting from the Ricœurian re-appropriation of Mannheim’s dialectical conception of ideology and utopia, and leading back to the idea of an event foundation for these two opposed forms of the social imaginary.Keywords : Event, Ideology, Utopia, Ellul, Mannheim
Hemodialysis Reliable Outflow Device Impingement in the Subclavian Position: A Case Report
Authors: Yerxa John , Gage Shawn M. , Lawson Jeffrey H. 
Published: March 2015

Purpose The purpose of this study is to report a case of Hemodialysis Reliable Outflow (HeRO) device malfunction in the subclavian position secondary to costoclavicular impingement. Methods and Results The electronic medical record was reviewed for the patient in question and pertinent imaging was collected and photographs were taken with the patient's consent. The patient presented with signs of outflow obstruction after a period of HeRO venous outflow component function. The outflow component was found to be crushed between the first rib and the clavicle at the costoclavicular junction. Conclusions This case suggests that costoclavicular impingement should be considered as a mode of outflow failure with the HeRO outflow component in the subclavian position. Other central venous access points should be considered first, and the central veins accessed through the lower extremities are possible alternatives if this failure mode was to arise. First rib resection would also be a viable strategy to relieve impingement at this site.
The Relationship between CSE1L Expression and Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Breast Cancer
Authors: Yuksel Ulvi Murat , Dilek Gulay , Dogan Lutfi , Gulcelik Mehmet Ali , Berberoglu Ugur 
Published: March 2015

Aim CSE1L is the human homologue to the yeast gene CSE1 and CSE1L is a gene related to cancer progression. Thus, CSE1L may regulate the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer. The aim of this study is to show the relationship between CSE1L and axillary lymph node metastasis. Methods Sixty-six breast cancer patients were evaluated according to patient and tumor characteristics. Immunohistochemistry was carried out on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival breast tumor tissues. The results of CSE1L staining were analyzed according to the percentage of immunoreactive cells. Results There were 29 patients without axillary lymph node metastasis and 37 patients with nodal metastasis. The mean age of the patients was 50.6 ± 11.3 years. Age, tumor size, nuclear grade and hormone receptor status were similar in the axillary lymph node positive and negative groups. There was a statistically significant relationship between cytoplasmic CSE1L expression and axillary lymph node metastasis. However, nuclear CSE1L expression did not have any effect on axillary lymph node metastasis. Conclusions Cytoplasmic CSE1L overexpression may be a valuable tool for prognosis of breast cancer in future.
L’« humanisme évangélique » de Joseph Moingt : un tournant théologique de l’humanisme chrétien
Authors: Gallez Jean-Pol 
Published: March 2015

L’humanisme chrétien bénéficie d’une longue tradition de pensée incarnée par de nombreuses figures. Au xxe siècle, il a fait l’objet de travaux essentiellement historiques. Mais cette tradition n’a pas vraiment été visitée par la théologie fondamentale. L’humanisme chrétien se trouve donc en manque de conceptualisation théologique. À travers l’importance accordée au concept d’« humanisme évangélique » dans Dieu qui vient à l’homme, J. Moingt ouvre incontestablement une voie théologique en cette direction et établit, à notre sens, un lien tangible et précieux entre l’histoire de la révélation trinitaire et l’humanisme chrétien. Sans oublier le cas de l’humanisme séculier, le présent article entend éclaircir ce rapport dans la théologie de l’auteur et situer quelques enjeux qu’il soulève à l’horizon du monde sécularisé.
La génération des Idées dans la Paraphrase de Sem (NH VII, 1)
Authors: Roberge Michel 
Published: March 2015

Le mythe cosmogonique de la Paraphrase de Sem utilise le schéma médio-platonicien de deux Intellects : l’Intellect paternel et l’Intellect démiurge. Il situe cependant l’Intellect paternel à l’origine dans le chaos précosmique, recouvert d’un feu agité et soumis au principe mauvais, l’Obscur. De plus, la succession des Intellects procède selon le mode biologique de l’engendrement. Selon ce modèle la production des Idées ou Formes s’accomplit en deux étapes : 1) lorsque le Pneuma, principe intermédiaire entre l’Obscur et la Lumière, agissant à la façon d’un principe actif stoïcien, chute dans le chaos, l’Intellect qui était inerte reçoit l’impulsion qui le rend actif et produit, avec l’aide du feu, les Idées qui illuminent alors le chaos (2,19-3,29). 2) Lorsque le Sauveur, venu à la rescousse de la lumière du Pneuma, provoque la formation de la Matrice cosmique, l’Obscur s’unit à elle et éjacule son Intellect comme une semence. Il engendre alors le second Intellect en même temps qu’il transfère dans la Matrice les Idées que la Nature utilisera comme des « raisons séminales » pour fabriquer le monde matériel (3,30-6,30a). Traduire et interpréter ces pages exige de tenir compte du contexte philosophique et du vocabulaire technique de l’embryologie de l’époque.
Présentation
Authors: Smith Michael R. 
Published: March 2015

Réfléchir à la situation des anglophones au Québec conduit souvent à l’une des trois caractérisations suivantes : ils ont été des oppresseurs en occupant les positions dominantes dans l’économie de la province; ils ont été et restent (métaphoriquement parlant) une cinquième colonne augmentant la force d’attraction de l’anglais, auprès des immigrants; ou encore, ils sont devenus des victimes par les politiques gouvernementales (qui limitent leur accès) aux institutions anglophones et par leur absence marquée parmi les employés de la fonction publique. Quels que soient les éléments qui alimentent ces caractérisations, chacune comporte un risque de caricature. Aussi, plutôt que de se concentrer sur des enjeux de type général, comme le sont ces caractérisations les articles de ce numéro offrent une analyse de la manière dont les anglophones vivent au quotidien avec leur lot de réussites et d’échecs. Ils pourront ainsi servir de contrepoids à la tendance à généraliser qu’on trouve dans les écrits sur cette population.
Les disparités d’accès aux soins de santé parmi la minorité de langue officielle au Québec
Authors: Falconer James , Quesnel-Vallée Amélie 
Published: March 2015

Cette étude examine l’effet de l’aptitude en français sur la santé et sur les besoins de soins de santé non satisfaits au Québec, en utilisant un modèle multiple de régression logistique. Nos résultats indiquent que les anglophones unilingues du Québec sont 26 % plus susceptibles que les anglophones bilingues à se déclarer en mauvaise santé. Théoriquement, ce mauvais état de santé devrait mener à une utilisation accrue des soins de santé. Cependant, malgré leur mauvais état de santé, les anglophones unilingues sont 52 % plus susceptibles de déclarer des besoins en soins de santé non satisfaits. Ces disparités dans l’état de santé ainsi que dans l’accès aux soins de santé s’expliquent par l’aptitude à s’exprimer en français. Par ailleurs, ces effets ne sont pas modifiés par l’inclusion de variables potentiellement confondantes telles que les caractéristiques sociodémographiques et socioéconomiques. Les résultats suggèrent que ce sont les politiques visant à réduire les obstacles à l’accès aux soins de santé des populations minoritaires qui pourraient améliorer l’accès aux soins, et, éventuellement, la santé des anglophones unilingues du Québec.
A Novel Sonographic Scoring System for Antenatal Risk Assessment of Obstetric Complications in Suspected Morbidly Adherent Placenta
Authors: Gilboa Yinon , Spira Maya , Mazaki-Tovi Shali , Schiff Eyal , Sivan Eyal , Achiron Reuven 
Published: March 2015

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate a novel sonographic scoring system for risk assessment of complications in patients suspected of having morbidly adherent placenta.MethodsThis retrospective study evaluated the association between maternal complications and a grayscale sonographic scoring system for adherent placenta before surgery. Criteria for adherent placenta included uteroplacental and uterobladder demarcation lines and the presence of lacunae. Placentas were classified into 4 stages: stage 0, normal placentation; stage 1, low probability of adherence; stage 2, moderate possibility of adherence; and stage 3, high suspicion of adherence. Placental adherence as assessed by a surgical team, estimated blood loss, and postoperative hospitalization days were determined for each group, as well as the rates of the need for packed blood cells, cryoprecipitate units, and hysterectomy.ResultsOne hundred nine women were included in the study. Twenty‐six (23.8%) women were given a score of stage 0, 22 (20.2%) stage 1, 28 (25.7%) stage 2, and 33 (30.3%) stage 3. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that the sonographic staging was the only variable significantly associated with the number of packed cells or cryoprecipitate units transfused (P< .001) and a clinical diagnosis of adherent placenta (P< .001). In addition, both sonographic staging and a history of cesarean delivery were significantly associated with hysterectomy (P = .01; P = .03, respectively), treatment with any blood products (P< .001; P= .01), and the duration of postoperative hospitalization (P< .001; P = .006).ConclusionsA scoring system based on simple grayscale parameters may be effective for antenatal risk assessment of maternal complications in cases of suspected morbidly adherent placenta.
Prenatal Detection of Congenital Heart Defects at the 11‐ to 13‐Week Scan Using a Simple Color Doppler Protocol Including the 4‐Chamber and 3‐Vessel and Trachea Views
Authors: Wiechec Marcin , Knafel Anna , Nocun Agnieszka 
Published: March 2015

ObjectivesThe first goal of this study was to analyze the diagnostic performance of the 4‐chamber view, 3‐vessel and trachea view, and their combination in color mapping during early cardiac evaluations for selecting cases suspicious of congenital heart defects. The second goal was to describe the most common abnormal flow patterns at the levels of the 4‐chamber and 3‐vessel and trachea views in the late first trimester.MethodsWe conducted a prospective observational study in which a simple cardiac sonographic protocol was applied in fetuses at gestational ages of 11 weeks to 13 weeks 6 days.ResultsA total of 1084 patients with known postnatal or autopsy findings were included in the study. The median maternal age was 32.3 years (range, 27–40 years). The median crown‐rump length was 62.2 mm (range, 45–84 mm). Overall, there were 35 cases with a confirmed congenital heart defect (3.22%), including 16 accompanied by aneuploidy. We found that our simple first‐trimester cardiac protocol was an effective screening method for congenital heart defects. The most effective approach of the 3 evaluated by us was the combined application of the 4‐chamber and 3‐vessel and trachea views in color mapping compared to the 4‐chamber and 3‐vessel and trachea views alone. We defined the most common ventricular inflow patterns and the V sign. The technique we used was simple and easy to reproduce.ConclusionsWe confirmed that evaluation by two basic cardiac views allows for selection of most cases with a univentricular heart, atrioventricular septal defects, coarctation of the aorta, pulmonary stenosis, pulmonary atresia, and conotruncal defects.