bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Pteridaceae family diversity in Togo
Authors: Abotsi Komla , Radji Aboudou , Rouhan Germinal , Dubuisson Jean-Yves , Kokou Kouami 
Published: July 2015

The Pteridaceae family is the largest fern family in Togo by its specific and generic diversity. Like all other families of ferns in the country, Pteridaceae are poorly studied and has no identification key. The objective of this study is to perform a taxonomic revision and list establishment of this family of leptosporangiate ferns in the light of current available knowledge about the family. Pteridaceae was also assessed in terms of its diversity and conservation status, this was conducted through the recent field data and the existing herbaria specimens. The current study permits to confirm the presence of Pteris similis Kuhn. which brought the number of Pteridaceae to 17 in Togo.
This study provides first local scientific information about the fern flora of Togo. It confirmed the presence of Pteris similis Kuhn. in Togo and brought the Pteridaceae family diversity to 17 species. A species identification key is provided for the easy identification of the Pteridaceae of Togo.
Development of Cardiovascular Quality Indicators for Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results from an International Expert Panel Using a Novel Online Process
Authors: Barber Claire E.H. , Marshall Deborah A. , Alvarez Nanette , Mancini G.B. John , Lacaille Diane , Keeling Stephanie , Aviña-Zubieta J. Antonio , Khodyakov Dmitry , Barnabe Cheryl , Faris Peter , Smith Alexa , Noormohamed Raheem , Hazlewood Glen , Martin Liam O. , Esdaile John M. ,   the Quality Indicator International Panel
Published: July 2015

Objective.Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have a high risk of premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). We developed CVD quality indicators (QI) for screening and use in rheumatology clinics.Methods.A systematic review was conducted of the literature on CVD risk reduction in RA and the general population. Based on the best practices identified from this review, a draft set of 12 candidate QI were presented to a Canadian panel of rheumatologists and cardiologists (n = 6) from 3 academic centers to achieve consensus on the QI specifications. The resulting 11 QI were then evaluated by an online modified-Delphi panel of multidisciplinary health professionals and patients (n = 43) to determine their relevance, validity, and feasibility in 3 rounds of online voting and threaded discussion using a modified RAND/University of California, Los Angeles Appropriateness Methodology.Results.Response rates for the online panel were 86%. All 11 QI were rated as highly relevant, valid, and feasible (median rating ≥ 7 on a 1–9 scale), with no significant disagreement. The final QI set addresses the following themes: communication to primary care about increased CV risk in RA; CV risk assessment; defining smoking status and providing cessation counseling; screening and addressing hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes; exercise recommendations; body mass index screening and lifestyle counseling; minimizing corticosteroid use; and communicating to patients at high risk of CVD about the risks/benefits of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs.Conclusion.Eleven QI for CVD care in patients with RA have been developed and are rated as highly relevant, valid, and feasible by an international multidisciplinary panel.
Use of expressed sequence tag microsatellite markers for population genetic research ofHelicoverpa armigera(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from India
Authors: Venkatesan Thiruvengadam , Sridhar Vaddi , Tomason Yan R. , Jalali Sushil Kumar , Behere Gajanan T. , Shanthi Rajagopalan M. , Kumar Ravinder , Vajja Venkata Gopinath , Nimmakayala Padma , Reddy Umesh K. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractCotton bollworm,Helicoverpa armigera(Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a serious pest of several crops throughout the world, representing millions of United States of America dollars worth of damage. This pest can adapt to various cropping systems in a wide geographical range and has high migratory potential. It features high fecundity and can develop resistance to almost all insecticides used for its management. Several investigations to develop microsatellite markers forH. armigerahave not been successful because of the paucity of microsatellites in the lepidopteran genome. As well, collections ofH. armigerafrom cotton fields of southern and western India were not yet studied for molecular genetic diversity. The current study aimed to screen publicly available expressed sequence tag resources for simple sequence repeats and assess their potential as DNA markers for assessment of gene flow between collections of southern and western India. We identified 30 polymorphic microsatellites for potential use in diversity analysis ofH. armigeracollections. Genetic diversity analysis revealed that the collections were widely diverse with population differentiation index (Fst) of 0.17. Furthermore, gene flow analysis revealed a mean frequency of private alleles of 11% within the collections. The microsatellite resources we developed could be widely used for molecular diversity or population genetic research involving this important pest of cotton and food crops.
Prevalence of Dental Care to Junior High School Students
Authors: Suzuki Masaki , Toyoda Hiroki 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT

Background
For most of the junior and senior high school students, ‘dental care’ is likely to be difficult to understand. It has been reported that only half of students received treatments among the high school students who were advised to visit dental office for treatment of dental caries and gingivitis. Thus, the oral health education is critical for high school students in order to enhance the understanding of the dental caries and gingivitis.

Materials and methods
We conducted dental education classes to four junior high schools (62 students) in the Shizuoka prefecture, Japan. After the classes, we asked the students to submit the descriptions of impressions and evaluated those descriptions.

Results
We found that most of students have had the feeling that the classes were interesting and useful. The junior high school students have begun to become interested in the dental care and that their motivation for study was increased.

Conclusion
We will continue these classes to junior high school students in the future and would like to contribute to prevalence and enlightenment of dental care.

How to cite this article
Suzuki M, Toyoda H. Prevalence of Dental Care to Junior High School Students. World J Dent 2015;6(2):61-64.
Ankyloglossia and Quality of Life
Authors: Santosh R , Roopavathi KM , VenuGopal Sanjay , Pushpalatha G , Bennadi Darshana , Madhura AS 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT
Ankyloglossia (AG) commonly known as tongue-tie. This congenital anomaly characterized by an abnormal short lingual frenulum attached to floor of mouth. Though the ankyloglossia is not a serious issue, but it may cause problems, like feeding difficulties, speech disorders, and hamper quality of life through affecting their social life and confidence. Hence, management of ankyloglossia should be considered at age, which should include surgical management as well as efforts should be made to improve the quality of life of the patient. The purposes of this report to describe about ankyloglossia, its management for the better clinical approach and improve the quality of life of the patient.

How to cite this article
Roopavathi KM, VenuGopal S, Pushpalatha G, Bennadi D, Santosh R, Madhura AS. Ankyloglossia and Quality of Life. World J Dent 2015;6(2):112-115.
The richness of plants in Art Nouveau gardens
Authors: Pudelska Krystyna , Mirosław Anna 
Published: July 2015

<p>The turn of the 19th and the 20th centuries signified the appearance of a new trend in art called Art Nouveau in England, <em>Stile floreale</em> in Italy, and in Poland – <em>secesja</em>. It was an attempt to escape from the style that copied historical forms and set a new direction of development. The main inspiration for the creators of this period became nature, its asymmetry, variety of textures, subtle colors or smooth, and wavy lines. Artistic motifs were drawn from the richness of native flora and fauna. Flowering shrubs, perennials and creepers were especially inseparable decorative and compositional elements of a garden. </p><p>Secession had a significant impact on painting, sculpture, architecture, and garden design. The space surrounding people was treated comprehensively by blurring the boundaries between different arts. A multitude of shrubs – especially roses and lots of perennials such as <em>Lilium</em>, <em>Iris</em>, and <em>Phlox</em>, gave the impression of architecture immersing in the surrounding garden.</p><p>The aim of the paper was to briefly analyze the Art Nouveau style and present the diversity of species used in the gardens of that period.</p>
The effect of sugars in relation to methyl jasmonate on anthocyanin formation in the roots of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana (Poelln.)
Authors: Góraj-Koniarska Justyna , Saniewski Marian 
Published: July 2015

<p>This study investigated the effects of different sugars (sucrose, fructose, glucose) and sugar alcohols (mannitol, sorbitol) applied alone and in solution with methyl jasmonate (JA-Me) on the anthocyanin content in the roots of <em>Kalanchoe blossfeldiana</em>. None of the sugars used individually in the experiment affected anthocyanin accumulation in the roots of intact plants. The anthocyanin level was similar to that in the control. Sucrose at concentrations of 0.5% and 3.0%, and glucose at a concentration of 3.0% inhibited anthocyanin accumulation induced by JA-Me. Only fructose at a concentration of 3.0% stimulated anthocyanin accumulation induced by JA-Me. The sugar alcohols, mannitol at a concentration of 3.0% and sorbitol at 0.5% and 3.0%, inhibited anthocyanin accumulation in the roots of intact <em>K. blossfeldiana</em> plants induced by JA-Me. In excised roots, both sugars and JA-Me used individually did not affect the formation of anthocyanins. Also, the sugar alcohols (mannitol and sorbitol) applied simultaneously with JA-Me had no effect on the accumulation of anthocyanins. However, roots treated with sugars (sucrose, fructose, glucose) in solution with JA-Me promoted the induction of anthocyanins in the apical parts of the roots. </p><p>The results suggest that anthocyanin elicitation in the roots of <em>K. blossfeldiana</em> by methyl jasmonate may be dependent on the interaction of JA-Me with sugars transported from the stems (leaves) to the roots.</p>
Floristic diversity of extensively used fresh meadows (6510) in the Wielki Łęg Obrzański complex
Authors: Klarzyńska Agnieszka Anna , Kryszak Anna 
Published: July 2015

<p>One of the habitat types protected within the framework of the NATURA 2000 network due to the presence of species of European importance are fresh meadows from the <em>Arrhenatherion</em> alliance. The maintenance of their characteristic floristic composition depends on habitat conditions and extensive use, while any changes in this respect trigger succession transformations potentially threatening their nature value. </p><p>The aim of the study was to conduct nature and habitat valuation of one of the largest meadow complexes in the Wielkopolska region, i.e. Wielki Łęg Obrzański, which will make it possible to describe the preservation status of fresh meadows and their habitats. </p><p>Based on multifaceted analyses of 535 relevés made using the Braun-Blanquet method in the years 2006–2012 and representing the <em>Arrhenatherion</em> alliance, the phytosociological and botanical structure as well as constancy of species in individual variants (floristic types) were determined. Moreover, their habitat conditions were defined, i.e. soil moisture and nitrogen content using the index method according to Ellenberg, while laboratory methods were used to determine the content of organic matter, soil moisture as well as the contents of potassium, magnesium and phosphorus in soil. </p><p>Floristic composition of fresh meadows from the <em>Arrhenatherion</em> alliance differs due to high heterogeneity of habitat. The presence of fresh meadow phytocenoses both on dried organic soils (the driest forms of flood meadows) and on mineral soils (oak-hornbeam forests) contributes to differences in the floristic composition both in ryegrass meadows and grass–fescue meadows, mainly due to soil moisture and fertility as well as sward use type. This constituted the basis for the identification of lower syntaxonomic units in the internal structure of the plant associations. Five variants were distinguished in <em>Arrhenatheretum elatioris</em>, while the community of <em>Poa pratensis</em>–<em>Festuca rubra</em> was developed in as many as 8 variants.</p>
Solidaridad en la redes sociales: cuando el usuario abandona su zona de confort - el caso de Charlie Hebdo’
Authors: Herrera-Viedma Enrique , Bernabé-Moreno Juan , Porcel Gallego Carlos , Martínez Sánchez María de los Ángeles 
Published: July 2015

Las nuevas generaciones se sienten como en casa en las redes sociales. El miedo a compartir información en estas plataformas brilla por su ausencia. El comportamiento de cada uno es muy homogéneo dentro de su propia comunidad, siguiento patrones muy claros y definidos. Cuando un evento trágico sacude los corazones de los usuarios, la necesidad de romper esos patrones para comunicar sus sentimientos a una audiencia mayor se impone. En este trabajo, analizamos este fenómeno, identificando los cambios en la comunicación en el transcurso del tiempo así como nuevos patrones. Para ilustrar nuestro análisis, nos basamos en un caso real, el atentado contra la redacción de Charlie Hebdo en París.
Professional development in teacher digital competence and improving school quality from the teachers’ perspective: a case study
Authors: Gisbert Cervera Mercè , Lázaro Cantabrana José L. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Professional development in ICT for teachers, in addition to being necessary given the dynamic nature of technology, also improves the institutional quality of schools. This work, based on action research, provides evidence that the school itself is capable of organising and designing a training plan as part of a broader process to improve quality based on the incorporation of ICT. In turn, it addresses the pivotal elements of a training strategy that facilitates the transfer of that strategy to classroom activities and increases the quality of the school as an institution.
Windows of opportunity for salt marsh vegetation establishment on bare tidal flats: The importance of temporal and spatial variability in hydrodynamic forcing
Authors: Hu Zhan , van Belzen Jim , van der Wal Daphne , Balke Thorsten , Wang Zheng Bing , Stive Marcel , Bouma Tjeerd J. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanisms limiting and facilitating salt marsh vegetation initial establishment is of widespread importance due to the many valuable services salt marsh ecosystems offer. Salt marsh dynamics have been investigated by many previous studies, but the mechanisms that enable or disable salt marsh initial establishment are still understudied. Recently, the “windows of opportunity” (WoO) concept has been proposed as a framework providing an explanation for the initial establishment of biogeomorphic ecosystems and the role of physical disturbance herein. A WoO is a sufficiently long disturbance‐free period following seedling dispersal, which enables successful establishment. By quantifying the occurrence of WoO, vegetation establishment pattern can be predicted. For simplicity sake and as prove of concept, the original WoO framework considers tidal inundation as the only physical disturbance to salt marsh establishment, whereas the known disturbance from tidal currents and wind waves is ignored. In this study, we incorporate hydrodynamic forcing in the WoO framework. Its spatial and temporal variability is considered explicitly in a salt marsh establishment model. We used this model to explain the observed episodic salt marsh recruitment in the Westerschelde Estuary, Netherlands. Our results reveal that this model can significantly increase the spatial prediction accuracy of salt marsh establishment compared to a model that excludes the hydrodynamic disturbance. Using the better performing model, we further illustrate how tidal flat morphology determines salt marsh establishing elevation and width via hydrodynamic force distribution. Our model thus offers a valuable tool to understand and predict bottlenecks of salt marsh restoration and consequences of changing environmental conditions due to climate change.
Profiling planktonic foraminiferal crust formation
Authors: Steinhardt Juliane , de Nooijer Lennart L. J. , Brummer Geert‐Jan , Reichart Gert‐Jan 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPlanktonic foraminifera migrate vertically through the water column during their life, thereby growing and calcifying over a range of depth‐associated conditions. Some species form a calcite veneer, crust, or cortex at the end of their lifecycle. This additional calcite layer may vary in structure, composition, and thickness, potentially accounting for most of their total shell mass and thereby dominating the element and isotope signature of the whole shell. Here we apply laser ablation ICP‐MS depth profiling to assess variability in thickness and Mg/Ca composition of shell walls of three encrusting species derived from sediment traps. Compositionally, Mg/Ca is significantly lower in the crusts of Neogloboquadrina dutertrei and Globorotalia scitula, as well as in the cortex of Pulleniatina obliquiloculata, independent of the species‐specific Mg/Ca of their lamellar calcite shell. Wall thickness accounts for nearly half of the total thickness in both crustal species and nearly a third in cortical P. obliquiloculata, regardless of their initial shell wall thickness. Crust thickness and crustal Mg/Ca decreases toward the younger chambers in N. dutertrei and to a lesser extent, also in G. scitula. In contrast, the cortex of P. obliquiloculata shows a nearly constant thickness and uniform Mg/Ca through the complete chamber wall. Patterns in thickness and Mg/Ca of the crust indicate that temperature is not the dominant factor controlling crust formation. Instead, we present a depth‐resolved model explaining compositional differences within individuals and between successive chambers as well as compositional heterogeneity of the crust and lamellar calcite in all three species studied here.
Effects of chemical composition, water and temperature on physical properties of continental crust
Authors: Guerri Mattia , Cammarano Fabio , Connolly James A. D. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe explore the influence of major elements chemistry and H2O‐content on the density and seismic velocity of crustal rocks by computing stable and metastable crustal mineralogy and elastic properties as a function of pressure and temperature (P‐T). Proposed average compositions of continental crust result in significantly different properties, for example a difference in computed density of ∼ 4 % is obtained at a given P‐T. Phase transformations affect crustal properties at the point that crustal seismic discontinuities can be explained with mineral reactions rather than chemical stratification. H2O, even if introduced in small amount in the chemical system, has an effect on physical properties comparable to that attributed to variations in major elements composition. Thermodynamical relationships between physical properties differ significantly from commonly used empirical relationships. Density models obtained by inverting CRUST 1.0 compressional wave velocity are different from CRUST 1.0 density and translate into variations in isostatic topography and gravitational field that ranges ±600 m and ±150 mGal respectively. Inferred temperatures are higher than reference geotherms in the upper crust and in the deeper portions of thick orogenic crust, consistently with presence of metastable rocks. Our results highlight interconnections/dependencies among chemistry, pressure, temperature, seismic velocities and density that need to be addressed to better understand the crustal thermo‐chemical state.
The Manihiki Plateau—A multistage volcanic emplacement history
Authors: Pietsch Ricarda , Uenzelmann‐Neben Gabriele 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe formation history of the Manihiki Plateau, a Large Igneous Province, is poorly understood. New high‐resolution seismic reflection data across the High Plateau, the largest edifice of the Manihiki Plateau, provide evidence for multistage magmatic emplacement. Improved data quality allows for an identification of an earlier volcanic phase, the initial formation phase (>125 Ma), in addition to the previously known volcanic formation phases: the expansion phase (125–116) formerly called main‐phase, and the secondary volcanic phase (100–65 Ma). This enhances the understanding of the emplacement scenario. An intrabasement reflection band IB1 reveals the end of initial volcanic formation and forms the nucleus of the High Plateau. This feature provides indications that it continued beyond the Manihiki Scarp and thus supports the hypothesis of an extension of the Manihiki Plateau to the East during the initial formation and expansion phases. The expansion phase is characterized by massive volcanic outpourings leveling and extending the basement throughout the High Plateau and the neighboring Western Plateaus, which in contrast shows massive tectonic alteration. Extrusion centers formed within the secondary volcanic phase (ending ∼65 Ma) are mainly concentrated along the margins of the High Plateau, suggesting the magmatic sources shifted from those being related to the initial emplacement and expansion phases of the High Plateau to induced volcanism at the tectonically altered margins.
Tsunamis from the 29 March and 5 May 2015 Papua New Guinea earthquake doublet (Mw7.5) and tsunamigenic potential of the New Britain trench
Authors: Heidarzadeh Mohammad , Gusman Aditya Riadi , Harada Tomoya , Satake Kenji 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe characterized tsunamis from the 29 March and 5 May 2015 Kokopo, Papua New Guinea,Mw7.5 earthquake doublet. Teleseismic body wave inversions using various rupture velocities (Vr) showed similar source‐time functions and waveform agreements, but the spatial distributions of the slips were different. The rupture durations were ~45 and ~55 s for the March and May events, with their peaks at ~25 and at ~17 s, respectively. Tsunami simulations favored source models withVr = 1.75 and 1.50 km/s for the March and May earthquakes. The largest slip on the fault was similar (2.1 and 1.7 m), but the different depths and locations yielded maximum seafloor uplift of ~0.4 and ~0.2 m. Tsunami simulation from hypothetical great earthquakes (M8.4 and 8.5) on the New Britain trench showed that tsunami amplitudes may reach up to 10 m in Rabaul, but most tsunami energy was confined within the Solomon Sea.
The 2013 Balochistan earthquake: An extraordinary or completely ordinary event?
Authors: Zhou Yu , Elliott John R. , Parsons Barry , Walker Richard T. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe 2013 Balochistan earthquake, a predominantly strike‐slip event, occurred on the arcuate Hoshab fault in the eastern Makran linking an area of mainly left‐lateral shear in the east to one of shortening in the west. The difficulty of reconciling predominantly strike‐slip motion with this shortening has led to a wide range of unconventional kinematic and dynamic models. Here we determine the vertical component of motion on the fault using a 1 m resolution elevation model derived from postearthquake Pleiades satellite imagery. We find a constant local ratio of vertical to horizontal slip through multiple past earthquakes, suggesting the kinematic style of the Hoshab fault has remained constant throughout the late Quaternary. We also find evidence for active faulting on a series of nearby, subparallel faults, showing that failure in large, distributed and rare earthquakes is the likely method of faulting across the eastern Makran, reconciling geodetic and long‐term records of strain accumulation.