bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical and smart properties of cement nanocomposites containing nanomaterials: A brief review
Authors: Shankar Arkalgud Nagendran , Mandal Prasanta 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We report a brief review on the recent developments on smart cement nanocomposites. Cement nanocomposites containing functional nanomaterials are important class of materials for the development of sustainable civil infrastructures. Smart properties can be achieved by adding various nanomaterials, such as, titanium oxide (TiO2), iron oxide (Fe2O3), graphene, graphene oxide (GO), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibres (CNFs), and polymers at low weight percent (wt%) to cement. However, optimization and understanding of underlying physical and chemical mechanisms are necessary for further developments. Although, there exist huge research articles, and some reviews dealing with specific aspect over the last 10–15 years, a systematic review is necessary, encompassing both the aspects of mechanical properties as well as smart properties. In the present review, we focus on the effect of addition of functional nanomaterials to achieve smart properties maintaining basic mechanical strength at the desired level. Our review shows that addition of TiO2, SiO2, Fe2O3, CNTs, or GO in the range of <5 wt% improves mechanical strength by ∼30–50% or more due to improvement in the filling of pores, bridging of gaps, and prevention of cracks. Addition of functional nanomaterials show higher photocatalytic dye degradation (∼90% dye pollutant is degraded within first 1 h), higher inhibition zone of microbial growth (due to the addition of 1 wt% (or less) TiO2, silver, copper oxide, or zinc oxide nanoparticles). Furthermore, addition of functional nanomaterials also show improvement in the impermeability, shrinkage, hydrophobicity, thermal/electrical conductivity, and piezo electricity to a significant level.
From explanations to human-AI co-evolution: charting trajectories towards future user-centric AI
Authors: Ziegler Jürgen , Donkers Tim 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the evolving landscape of User-Centric Artificial Intelligence, particularly in light of the challenges posed by systems that are powerful but not fully transparent or comprehensible to their users. Despite advances in AI, significant gaps remain in aligning system actions with user understanding, prompting a reevaluation of what “user-centric” really means. We argue that current XAI efforts are often too much focused on system developers rather than end users, and fail to address the comprehensibility of the explanations provided. Instead, we propose a broader, more dynamic conceptualization of human-AI interaction that emphasizes the need for AI not only to explain, but also to co-create and cognitively resonate with users. We examine the evolution of a communication-centric paradigm of human-AI interaction, underscoring the need for AI systems to enhance rather than mimic human interactions. We argue for a shift toward more meaningful and adaptive exchanges in which AI’s role is understood as facilitative rather than autonomous. Finally, we outline how future UCAI may leverage AI’s growing capabilities to foster a genuine co-evolution of human and machine intelligence, while ensuring that such interactions remain grounded in ethical and user-centered principles.
Optimal DGs coordination strategy for managing unbalanced and islanded distribution networks
Authors: Kaka Sanaullah , Xia Mingchao , Hussain Arif , Zulfiqar Kashif 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Distributed generators (DGs) have the potential to act as alternative power sources for balancing and restoring service in distribution system breakdowns. Nevertheless, DGs variety of characteristics and uncertain behavior pose difficulties in optimizing their operation while restoring the system. In this paper, a hierarchical structure is introduced to manage the unbalanced and islanded distribution networks with the optimal coordination strategy of DGs. The proposed approach encompasses multiple control tiers that manage DGs coordination process into three specific levels, each accountable for distinct functions involving voltage and frequency regulation, power distribution within individual islands, and overseeing power exchange between these units for minimizing imbalance and maximizing the load restoration. This research delivers a comprehensive solution for optimally coordinating DGs in unbalanced and isolated networks during restoration, thus elevating system reliability and resilience. The proposed model for distributed control restoration is validated using a modified IEEE 123-bus test setup.
Unintended Competition from Volume Controls: A Note on the Horne v. Department of Agriculture Decision
Authors: Winfree Jason 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The U.S. Supreme Court case, Horne v. Department of Agriculture, dealt with the legality of volume controls in the raisin industry. Marketing orders and volume controls in agricultural markets have a long history in the United States and have often been used to decrease price volatility. However, some have seen these volume controls as engaging in cartel behavior. Using a Cournot model, this paper shows that volume controls used by agricultural marketing orders can be profit reducing under some conditions. If producers anticipate a restriction in the production that is allowed to go into the market on a prorated basis, initial production may increase, which can lower profits. Counter intuitively, volume controls can even increase the quantity sold in the market and lower the price.
The Harmonised BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey 2006, 2012 and 2018 (H-ETB)
Authors: van Berk Beatrice , Friedrich Anett 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The BIBB/BAuA Employment Surveys 2006, 2012 and 2018 are large cross-sections of the working population on qualification and working conditions in Germany and many publications are based on them. The data covers a wide range of topics, including information on occupations, education, job tasks, working conditions, job satisfaction and health status. A new harmonised dataset now compiles these three surveys into one file. The harmonised BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey (H-ETB) simplifies the use of the surveys for analyses over time and analyses of the pooled data. The dataset includes 60,048 cases and all variables that were surveyed in each wave in a harmonised form. The paper outlines the subject and methodology of the BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey as well as the harmonisation.
The binary actions of simple groups with a single conjugacy class of involutions
Authors: Gill Nick , Guillot Pierre 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We continue our investigation of binary actions of simple groups.
In this paper, we demonstrate a connection between the graph

Γ
⁢

(
C
)

\Gamma(\mathcal{C})

based on the conjugacy class 𝒞 of the group 𝐺, which was introduced in our previous work, and the notion of a strongly embedded subgroup of 𝐺.
We exploit this connection to prove a result concerning the binary actions of finite simple groups that contain a single conjugacy class of involutions.
Standardization with zlog values improves exploratory data analysis and machine learning for laboratory data
Authors: Al-Mekhlafi Amani , Klawitter Sandra , Klawonn Frank 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
In the context of exploratory data analysis and machine learning, standardization of laboratory results is an important pre-processing step. Variable proportions of pathological results in routine datasets lead to changes of the mean (µ) and standard deviation (σ), and thus cause problems in the classical z-score transformation. Therefore, this study investigates whether the zlog transformation compensates these disadvantages and makes the results more meaningful from a medical perspective.

Methods
The results presented here were obtained with the statistical software environment R, and the underlying data set was obtained from the UC Irvine Machine Learning Repository. We compare the differences of the zlog and z-score transformation for five different dimension reduction methods, hierarchical clustering and four supervised classification methods.

Results
With the zlog transformation, we obtain better results in this study than with the z-score transformation for dimension reduction, clustering and classification methods. By compensating the disadvantages of the z-score transformation, the zlog transformation allows more meaningful medical conclusions.

Conclusions
We recommend using the zlog transformation of laboratory results for pre-processing when exploratory data analysis and machine learning techniques are applied.
Nanomaterials: Cross-disciplinary applications in ornamental plants
Authors: Zeng Zhen , Wang Yi , Wang Huanxiao , Li Yanbing , Chen Benxue , Gou Rongxin , Wang Di , Jiang Yin , Zheng Yuhong , Hamed Khalid E. , Fu Li , Zhang Guojun , Wei Zunzheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Nanomaterials (NMs) have found extensive applications in the realm of ornamental plants due to their unique properties. This article comprehensively discusses four main aspects of NM utilization in ornamental plants: 1) providing new insights into challenging problems in tissue culture, 2) exploring their regulatory effects on the growth of ornamental plants, 3) enhancing the resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors, and 4) discussing their widespread application and mechanisms in cut flower harvesting. Furthermore, potential issues and future directions are explored, providing a deeper theoretical basis for the application of novel NMs in the realm of ornamental plants.
Aero-engine direct thrust control based on nonlinear model predictive control with composite predictive model
Authors: Chen Haoyang , Li Liangliang , Zheng Qiangang , Zhang Haibo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A novel NMPC (Nonlinear Model Predictive Control) based on composite predictive model is proposed and applied to direct engine thrust control. To improve the real-time of NMPC, an adaptive composite model based on SVM (State Variable Model), KF (Kalman Filter), and CLM (Component Level Model) is proposed as predictive model. The correction theory is adopted to establish a full envelope adaptive on-board predictive dynamic model and reduce the data storage of predictive model. At each sampling time, the CLM is calculated only once in the proposed NMPC, instead of many times in the popular NMPC based on EKF (extended Kalman filler). Therefore, the proposed NMPC has better real-time performance than the popular one. The simulations that consist of the proposed NMPC, the popular NMPC based on EKF, and the traditional controller PID are conducted. The simulations demonstrate that the proposed NMPC not only has greatly better real time performance than popular NMPC, but also has faster response speed than traditional controller PID.
Fast Inhibition Slows and Desynchronizes Mouse Auditory Efferent Neuron Activity
Authors: Fischl Matthew , Pederson Alia , Voglewede Rebecca , Cheng Hui , Drew Jordan , Torres Cadenas Lester , Weisz Catherine J. C. 
Published: June 2024

The encoding of acoustic stimuli requires precise neuron timing. Auditory neurons in the cochlear nucleus (CN) and brainstem are well suited for accurate analysis of fast acoustic signals, given their physiological specializations of fast membrane time constants, fast axonal conduction, and reliable synaptic transmission. The medial olivocochlear (MOC) neurons that provide efferent inhibition of the cochlea reside in the ventral brainstem and participate in these fast neural circuits. However, their modulation of cochlear function occurs over time scales of a slower nature. This suggests the presence of mechanisms that reduce MOC inhibition of cochlear function. To determine how monaural excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs integrate to affect the timing of MOC neuron activity, we developed a novel in vitro slice preparation (“wedge-slice”). The wedge-slice maintains the ascending auditory nerve root, the entire CN and projecting axons, while preserving the ability to perform visually guided patch-clamp electrophysiology recordings from genetically identified MOC neurons. The “in vivo-like” timing of the wedge-slice demonstrates that the inhibitory pathway accelerates relative to the excitatory pathway when the ascending circuit is intact, and the CN portion of the inhibitory circuit is precise enough to compensate for reduced precision in later synapses. When combined with machine learning PSC analysis and computational modeling, we demonstrate a larger suppression of MOC neuron activity when the inhibition occurs with in vivo-like timing. This delay of MOC activity may ensure that the MOC system is only engaged by sustained background sounds, preventing a maladaptive hypersuppression of cochlear activity.
Comparison of modified-release hydrocortisone capsules versus prednisolone in the treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Authors: Rees Dafydd Aled , Merke Deborah P , Arlt Wiebke , Brac De La Perriere Aude , Hirschberg Angelica Linden , Juul Anders , Newell-Price John , Prete Alessandro , Reisch Nicole , Stikkelbroeck Nike M , Touraine Philippe A , Lewis Alex , Porter John , Coope Helen , Ross Richard J 
Published: June 2024

Background
Prednisolone and prednisone are recommended treatment options for adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH); however, there is no randomised comparison of prednis(ol)one with hydrocortisone.

Design
Six-month open-label randomised phase 3 study and interim analysis of a single-arm extension study was the design of the study.

Methods
The method of the study was hydrocortisone dose equivalent and 09:00-h 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) from 48 patients taking prednis(ol)one at baseline.

Results
At baseline, the median hydrocortisone dose equivalent was 30 mg/day and 17OHP was < 36 nmol/L (3× upper limit of normal) in 56% of patients. Patients were randomised to continue prednis(ol)one or switch to modified-release hydrocortisone capsule (MRHC) at the same hydrocortisone-equivalent dose. At 4 weeks, 94% on MRHC and 71% on prednis(ol)one had 17OHP < 36 nmol/L. At 18 months in the extension study of MRHC, the median MRHC dose was 20 mg/day and 82% had 17OHP < 36 nmol/L. The per cent of patients with 17OHP < 36 nmol/L on a hydrocortisone dose equivalent ≤ 25 mg/day was greater at 18 months in the extension study on MRHC than while on prednis(ol)one at baseline: 57% vs 27%, P = 0.04. In the randomised study, no patients had an adrenal crisis on MRHC and one on prednisolone. In the extension study (221 patient years), there were 12 adrenal crises in 5 patients (5.4/100 patient years).

Conclusion
MRHC reduces 17OHP at 09:00 h compared to prednis(ol)one and the dose of MRHC can be down-titrated over time in the majority of patients.
State Implementation of Congregate Care Reforms for Children in Foster Care
Authors: Keefe Rachael J. , Cepuran Colin J. G. , Richmond Keri , Rhodes Jennifer , Laris Zach , Anderson Clare , Heaton Leanne , Chor Ka Ho Brian 
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVES
The Family First Prevention Services Act (FFPSA) allows states to use federal Title IV-E funds to provide time-limited, clinically appropriate use of congregate care, including Qualified Residential Treatment Programs (QRTPs), for youth in foster care. October 1, 2021 marked the deadline for states to begin implementing these FFPSA congregate care reforms. From June to September 2022, we conducted a mixed-methods study to obtain a baseline understanding of implementation barriers, successes, and recommendations to inform congregate care policy and practice.

METHODS
We fielded a national survey with state child welfare agency directors and conducted focus groups with youth with QRTP experiences, child welfare agency administrators, and QRTP executive leaders. We integrated a descriptive analysis of survey data with focus group themes to summarize state implementation progress.

RESULTS
A total of 47 states (90%) responded to the survey. Most states reported ongoing congregate care reforms aligned with FFPSA, reducing the use of congregate care and increasing kinship foster care. QRTPs have become the primary congregate care setting. Top implementation barriers concerned workforce resource and capacity constraints, funding, and access to therapeutic foster care models and foster families. Focus group themes converged on the lack of tailored treatment, quality staff, coordinated aftercare, and a need for QRTP outcome evidence.

CONCLUSIONS
Early implementation lessons of FFPSA congregate care reforms call for additional funding and technical assistance, oversight of congregate care, professionalization and investment in QRTP staff, youth advisory boards to promote youth-driven treatment, and performance- and outcome-based monitoring of QRTPs.
The Janus legacy in Seville
Authors: Lombana Sánchez Alfonso 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper analyzes the Janus Pannonius collections in Seville, Biblioteca Capitular y Colombina, Ms T (7-1-15) and Ms S (56-4-57), which have enriched our knowledge of Janus Pannonius' literary heritage. The study argues that Ms T and Ms S belong to the π tradition, which could explain the collections curated nearly or almost exclusively by Janus Pannonius in Hungary during the last years of his life. The paper contributes to a deeper understanding of Janus Pannonius and, thanks to the legacy of Seville, provides insights into the broader dynamics of humanist networks, manuscript transmission and book collecting during the Renaissance.
Resilience of the judicial system in the post-Covid period: The constitutionality of virtual court hearings in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Chronowski Nóra , Szentgáli-Tóth Boldizsár , Bor Bettina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDuring the 2010s, technological development created the opportunity to hold online hearings, when the parties are physically distant from each other, when their personal appearance would entail significant threat to them, or when external circumstances would impose additional barriers for interested stakeholders to appear in the courtroom. As a consequence, amongst others, the Belgian Constitutional Court heard a case concerning the constitutionality of such trials, and rejected this new form of judicial operation due to numerous constitutional concerns. Nevertheless, the context of such controversies changed significantly during the pandemic, and in the light of the public health risks several judicial bodies decided to continue most of their operations through digital means. As a result, the holding of numerous online trials was ordered. Obviously, losing parties often submitted remedies against the incorporation of these platforms into judicial work by claiming the violation of their right to fair trial. For instance, the French Constitutional Council, the Spanish Constitutional Tribunal, as well as the Supreme Courts of Austria, Norway, Costa Rica and India assessed the constitutionality of these trials during the public health emergency, and in most of the cases, the application of online hearings was upheld. Bearing in mind this tendency in the relevant case law, one should argue that the rapidly evolving technological landscape requires the reconsideration of our attitudes towards online hearings: it should be clarified which grounds are acceptable justifications for ordering online trials during ordinary periods, and how the analysis is affected by unforeseen extra-ordinary circumstances. Online, or partly online proceedings may provide greater flexibility for both the court and the parties, and could also support the efficiency of judicial work, however, the main fair trial safeguards should be maintained. Our contribution will conceptualize this issue, and will provide a deeper understanding of the constitutional implications of remote trials.
Digital transformation and the traditional rules of civil procedure – Some remarks on the Polish example
Authors: Kaczmarek-Templin Berenika 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe have seen the tremendous development of new technologies, especially in the field of electronic communications. As they are present in our daily lives, it is expected that the new technical possibilities will be used in the courts.In Poland, the digital transformation of civil procedure began with the implementation of electronic writ proceedings. Among the electronic tools which support the trials, there is a possibility of hearing the parties and witnesses using videoconferencing, and the Electronic Case Management System, which allows authorized entities to get access to the information on the pending case.The procedural rules are fluctuating and depend on the changes taking place in the economic and social structure. It can be assumed that as circumstances change, the rules may, and even should, be reinterpreted, and the legislator should strive to change the procedural provisions so that they will be consistent with the objectives and guidelines resulting from the procedural principles.The analysis of the issues related to the digitization of civil cases, as an issue of paramount importance, allows us to assume that digitization does not entail modifying the model and its basic principles. The digital transformation of the civil trial emerges within the framework resulting from the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure, as none of the procedural principles is violated. It can even be assumed that digitalisation allows for a more complete implementation of procedural principles.In fact, this can also be an argument in favour of introducing modern technological tools to procedural regulations.
Implementation of energy flow control of underground consumers in an iron ore mine
Authors: Vlasyuk V.P. 
Published: June 2024

Purpose. To enhance the capabilities of the power flow control algorithm to minimize the level of electricity consumption in the electric power system of an iron ore mine, this includes underground consumers.
Methodology. The research was conducted using the following methods: fuzzy attribute reduction of a coarse set, attribute reduction by QuickReduct, K-means, and the Hadoop platform.
Findings. The article considers and describes the methodology for implementing an algorithm for minimizing the levels of electricity consumption for underground consumers of an iron ore mine. An algorithm implementation of the Kanopy algorithm using the fast calculation function has been developed and improved.
Classification using the K-means method and its implementation in the basic Hadoop platform was carried out. An efficiently functioning and improved algorithm for source control has been built to minimize the volume of electricity consumption in underground consumers of an iron ore mine. The key advantage of this algorithm for practical application is its flexibility in operation: it provides several solution options, unlike typical mathematical methods, where only one solution option is offered to determine the sequence of solving the tasks and problems. This algorithm will allow its use with multiple methods for calculating key energy parameters, which will help reduce the excessive amount of data for calculating volumes given the uncertainty of energy consumption by underground consumers and avoid unnecessary calculation operations in a branched data structure with several solutions with a clear systematization.
Originality. The paper improves the practical implementation of the functioning algorithm, which allows increasing the accuracy and efficiency of calculations by eliminating excessive levels of power consumption by underground consumers of an iron ore mine.
Practical value. This research should be applied to the preventive assessment and analysis of the calculated volumes for reducing power consumption levels and their systematization using methods with a branched data structure for underground consumers of an iron ore mine. Two possible ways of further development and improvement of the state of energy and power equipment at mining enterprises (especially at an iron ore mine) are outlined.