bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative intramuscular adipose tissue content is a novel prognostic predictor after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hamaguchi Yuhei , Kaido Toshimi , Okumura Shinya , Ito Takashi , Fujimoto Yasuhiro , Ogawa Kohei , Mori Akira , Hammad Ahmed , Hatano Etsuro , Uemoto Shinji 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundSarcopenia has been shown to be an independent predictor of lower disease‐free and overall survival in various kinds of diseases. The quality of skeletal muscle has recently attracted much attention as a new parameter of sarcopenia.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of 477 patients undergoing hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) between April 2005 and August 2014. The quality of skeletal muscle was evaluated by intramuscular adipose tissue content (IMAC) using preoperative computed tomography (CT) imaging. The impact of IMAC on outcomes after hepatectomy for HCC was analyzed.ResultsPatients with high IMAC showed older age, higher body mass index, higher indocyanine green retention test at 15 min, and more operative blood loss. The overall and recurrence‐free survival rates were significantly lower in patients with high IMAC than in patients with normal IMAC (P < 0.0001, P = 0.0012, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that high IMAC was the significant risk factor for death (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.942; P < 0.0001) and for HCC recurrence (HR = 1.529; P = 0.0007) after hepatectomy.ConclusionsPreoperative quality of skeletal muscle was closely correlated with postoperative mortality and HCC recurrence. IMAC could be incorporated into new selection criteria for hepatectomy for HCC.
We need to talk: Primary care provider communication at discharge in the era of a shared electronic medical record
Authors: Sheu Leslie , Fung Kelly , Mourad Michelle , Ranji Sumant , Wu Ethel 
Published: March 2015

BACKGROUNDPoor communication between hospitalists and outpatient physicians can contribute to adverse events after discharge. Electronic medical records (EMRs) shared by inpatient and outpatient clinicians offer primary care providers (PCPs) better access to information surrounding a patient's hospitalization. However, the PCP experience and subsequent expectations for discharge communication within a shared EMR are unknown.METHODSWe surveyed PCPs 1 year after a shared EMR was implemented at our institution to assess PCP satisfaction with current discharge communication practices and identify areas for improvement.RESULTSSeventy‐five of 124 (60%) clinicians completed the survey. Although most PCPs reported receiving automated discharge notifications (71%), only 39% felt that notifications plus discharge summaries were adequate for safe transitions of care. PCPs expressed that complex hospitalizations necessitated additional communication via e‐mail or telephone; only 31% reported receiving such communication. The content most important in additional communication included medication changes, follow‐up actions, and active medical issues.CONCLUSIONSDespite optimized access to information provided by a shared EMR, only 52% of PCPs were satisfied with current discharge communication. PCPs express a continued need for high‐touch communication for safe transitions of care. Further standardization of discharge communication practices is necessary. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2015;10:307–310. © 2015 Society of Hospital Medicine
Perceived core competency achievements of fellowship and non‐fellowship‐trained early career pediatric hospitalists
Authors: Librizzi Jamie , Winer Jeffrey C , Banach Laurie , Davis Aisha 
Published: March 2015

BACKGROUNDThe pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) core competencies were established in 2010 to identify the specific knowledge base and skill set needed to provide the highest quality of care for hospitalized children. The objectives of this study were to examine the perceived core competency achievements of fellowship‐trained and non‐fellowship‐trained early career pediatric hospitalists and identify perceived gaps in our current training models.METHODSAn anonymous Web‐based survey was distributed in November 2013. Hospitalists within 5 years of their residency graduation reported their perceived competency in select PHM core competencies. χ2 and multiprobit regression analyses were utilized.RESULTSOne hundred ninety‐seven hospitalists completed the survey and were included; 147 were non‐fellowship‐trained and 50 were PHM fellowship graduates or current PHM fellows. Both groups reported feeling less than competent in sedation and aspects of business practice. Non‐fellowship‐trained hospitalists also reported mean scores in the less than competent range in intravenous access/phlebotomy, technology‐dependent emergencies, performing Plan‐Do‐Study‐Act process and root cause analysis, defining basic statistical terms, and identifying research resources. Non‐fellowship‐trained hospitalists reported mean competency scores greater than fellowship‐trained hospitalists in pain management, newborn care, and transitions in care.CONCLUSIONSEarly career pediatric hospitalists report deficits in several of the PHM core competencies, which should be considered when designing PHM‐specific training in the future. Fellowship‐trained hospitalists report higher levels of perceived competency in many core areas. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2015;10:373–379. © 2015 Society of Hospital Medicine
The psychological contracts of violation victims: A post‐violation model
Authors: Tomprou Maria , Rousseau Denise M. , Hansen Samantha D. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryOrganizations may fail to keep their commitments to their employees, at times leading to psychological contract violation. Although many victims of violation remain with their employer despite such adverse experiences, little research exists on their responses in the aftermath of violation. This paper develops a post‐violation model to explain systematically how violation victims respond to and cope with violation and the effects this process has on their subsequent psychological contract. Central to post‐violation are the victims' beliefs regarding the likelihood of violation resolution and the factors affecting it. The model specifies how the victim engages in a self‐regulation process that results in an array of potential psychological contract outcomes. Possible outcomes include reactivation of the original pre‐violation contract, the formation of a new contract that may be more or less attractive than the original, or a state of dissolution wherein the victim fails to form a functional psychological contract with the employer. The research and practical implications of this model are discussed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Double emulsions to improve frankfurter lipid content: impact of perilla oil and pork backfat
Authors: Freire María , Bou Ricard , Cofrades Susana , Solas María Teresa , Jiménez‐Colmenero Francisco 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe technology involving the use of water‐in‐oil‐in‐water double emulsions (DEs) offers an interesting approach to improve the fat content of foods. With this aim, the effect on frankfurter properties of replacing pork backfat with two different DEs prepared using perilla oil and pork backfat as lipid phases was assessed. This strategy was compared with straightforward addition of the lipid source and addition by means of an oil‐in‐water (O/W) emulsion.RESULTSAs compared with all‐pork‐fat frankfurters, the ones with perilla oil had a higher proportion of n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Reduced‐fat frankfurters had similar water‐ and fat‐binding properties irrespective of the lipid source or the technological strategy used to incorporate it. Moreover, the oil source but not its mode of incorporation determined the oxidation levels of frankfurters. In reduced‐fat samples, except in the case of frankfurters formulated with a perilla oil‐in‐water emulsion, hardness was unaffected either by the type of fat or by its mode of incorporation. The replacement of pork backfat by perilla oil reduced the overall acceptability of products when perilla oil was added by means of the O/W emulsion and DE approaches.CONCLUSIONThis technology is suitable for labelling meat products with specific nutritional and health claims. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Impact of increasing operative time on the incidence of early failure and complications following free tissue transfer? A risk factor analysis of 2,008 patients from the ACS‐NSQIP database
Authors: Offodile Anaeze C. , Aherrera Andrew , Wenger Julia , Rajab Taufiek K. , Guo Lifei 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundThere is a scarcity of externally valid data that investigate the utility of operative time, a common clinical parameter, as a predictor of free flap failures. Our aim was to assess whether prolonged operative time correlates with early flap failure following free tissue transfer in the acute care setting using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database.MethodsThe 2005–2011 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program databases were reviewed for encounters that entailed a free tissue transfer via a CPT algorithm. Patients identified as having a flap loss were compared with people who did not with regards to operative time and patient comorbidities. Patients were subdivided into the following cohort groups with regards to operative time: <6 hours, 6–12 hours, and >12 hours. Secondary outcome was association between increasing operative time and postoperative complications.ResultsOf the 2,008 patients identified, 62 (3.1%) had early flap failure. After multivariable analysis, it was found that progressive operative time was associated with an increased risk of flap failure; 6–12 hours odds ratio was 4.64 and >12 hours odds ratio was 5.65 (P = 0.0140). Higher American Society of Anesthesiologists class (P = 0.0042) was also shown to be significantly associated with flap failure. On secondary analysis, increasing operative time was correlated with the following complications: pneumonia, blood transfusions, prolonged ventilation, wound dehiscence, and wound complications.ConclusionOur results, one of the largest series in the literature, revealed that prolonged operative time was associated with a stepwise increase in the likelihood of early flap failure as well certain postoperative complications. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 37:12–20, 2017.
Feasibility of the internal mammary lymph node flap as a vascularized lymph node transfer: A cadaveric dissection study
Authors: Pannucci Christopher J. , Gerety Patrick A. , Wang Amber R. , Zhang Paul , Mies Carolyn , Kanchwala Suhail K. 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundWe performed cadaveric dissections to examine the feasibility of an internal mammary‐based lymph node flap as a donor site for vascularized lymph node transfer. Methods: Internal mammary vessels and adjacent nodes were dissected in ten fresh cadaver specimens. Surgeon inspection and palpation identified the number of nodes in the specimen. Specimens were examined macro‐ and microscopically by a pathologist for correlation of lymph node counts. Kappa statistic correlated surgeon‐ and pathologist‐reported node counts. Results: Surgeon‐ and pathologist‐reported node counts were moderately correlated (kappa 0.57). Inspection and palpation correctly predicted node presence or absence in 80% of specimens. Sixty percent of flaps contained between 1 and 3 nodes, with a mean of 2.0 nodes when nodes were present. Conclusions: Inspection and palpation predicts the presence or absence of nodes in 80% of flaps. Nodes were present in 60% of internal mammary‐based flaps, and one to three nodes can be transferred. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 36:485–490, 2016.
Diffusion‐weighted stimulated echo acquisition mode (DW‐STEAM) MR spectroscopy to measure fat unsaturation in regions with low proton‐density fat fraction
Authors: Ruschke Stefan , Kienberger Hermine , Baum Thomas , Kooijman Hendrik , Settles Marcus , Haase Axel , Rychlik Michael , Rummeny Ernst J. , Karampinos Dimitrios C. 
Published: March 2015

PurposeTo propose and optimize diffusion‐weighted stimulated echo acquisition mode (DW‐STEAM) for measuring fat unsaturation in the presence of a strong water signal by suppressing the water signal based on a shorter T2 and higher diffusivity of water relative to fat.MethodsA parameter study for point‐resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) and STEAM using oil phantoms was performed and correlated with gas chromatography (GC). Simulations of muscle tissue signal behavior using DW‐STEAM and long–echo time (TE) PRESS and a parameter optimization for DW‐STEAM were conducted. DW‐STEAM and long‐TE PRESS were applied in the gastrocnemius muscles of nine healthy subjects.ResultsSTEAM with TE and mixing time (TM) up to 45 ms exhibited R2 correlations above 0.98 with GC and little T2‐weighting and J‐modulation for the quantified olefinic/methylene peak ratio. The optimal parameters for muscle tissue using DW‐STEAM were b‐value = 1800 s/mm2, TE = 33 ms, TM = 30 ms, and repetition time = 2300 ms. In vivo measured mean olefinic signal‐to‐noise ratios were 72 and 40, mean apparent olefinic water fractions were 0.19 and 0.11 for DW‐STEAM and long‐TE PRESS, respectively.ConclusionOptimized DW‐STEAM MR spectroscopy is superior to long‐TE PRESS for measuring fat unsaturation, if a strong water peak prevents the olefinic fat signal's quantification at shorter TEs and water's tissue specific ADC is substantially higher than fat. Magn Reson Med 75:32–41, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Radiofrequency energy deposition and radiofrequency power requirements in parallel transmission with increasing distance from the coil to the sample
Authors: Deniz Cem M. , Vaidya Manushka V. , Sodickson Daniel K. , Lattanzi Riccardo 
Published: March 2015

PurposeWe investigated global specific absorption rate (SAR) and radiofrequency (RF) power requirements in parallel transmission as the distance between the transmit coils and the sample was increased.MethodsWe calculated ultimate intrinsic SAR (UISAR), which depends on object geometry and electrical properties but not on coil design, and we used it as the reference to compare the performance of various transmit arrays. We investigated the case of fixing coil size and increasing the number of coils while moving the array away from the sample, as well as the case of fixing coil number and scaling coil dimensions. We also investigated RF power requirements as a function of lift‐off, and tracked local SAR distributions associated with global SAR optima.ResultsIn all cases, the target excitation profile was achieved and global SAR (as well as associated maximum local SAR) decreased with lift‐off, approaching UISAR, which was constant for all lift‐offs. We observed a lift‐off value that optimizes the balance between global SAR and power losses in coil conductors. We showed that, using parallel transmission, global SAR can decrease at ultra high fields for finite arrays with a sufficient number of transmit elements.ConclusionFor parallel transmission, the distance between coils and object can be optimized to reduce SAR and minimize RF power requirements associated with homogeneous excitation. Magn Reson Med 75:423–432, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Polyunsaturated fatty acid regulation of adipocyte FADS1 and FADS2 expression and function
Authors: Ralston Jessica C. , Matravadia Sarthak , Gaudio Nicholas , Holloway Graham P. , Mutch David M. 
Published: March 2015

ObjectivePolyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) regulate fatty acid desaturase (FADS1, FADS2) expression in the liver; however, it is unknown whether PUFAs regulate FADS in adipocytes. This is important to study considering reports that link altered desaturase activity with adipose tissue PUFA profiles, body weight, and whole‐body glucose homeostasis. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the direct effects of PUFAs on FADS expression in differentiated 3T3‐L1 adipocytes.MethodsDifferentiated 3T3‐L1 adipocytes were treated with either α‐linolenic (ALA), linoleic (LA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA), or arachidonic acid (AA). Gene expression, protein abundance, and cellular PUFA content were analyzed by real‐time RT‐PCR, Western blotting, and gas chromatography, respectively.ResultsFads1 and Fads2 gene expression was reduced by EPA and AA, but not ALA or LA. Reductions in gene expression were reflected in FADS2 protein levels, but not FADS1. Treating cells with ALA and LA led to significant increases in the cellular content of downstream PUFAs. Neither ALA nor EPA changed docosahexaenoic acid content.ConclusionsDifferentiated 3T3‐L1 adipocytes have a functional FADS pathway that can be regulated by PUFA. Therefore, this common adipocyte model is suitable to study dietary regulation of the FADS pathway.
Imino(phenoxide) compounds of magnesium: Synthesis, structural characterization, and polymerization studies
Authors: Ghosh Swarup , Chakraborty Debashis , Ramkumar Venkatachalam 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTA plethora of magnesium compounds containing imino(phenoxide) (1–4) and bis(imino)phenoxide (5–10) ligand backbone have been synthesized via the reaction of diethyl magnesium with two equivalent of the corresponding ligand. These compounds were completely characterized by different spectroscopic techniques and elemental analyses. The monomeric nature of the magnesium complexes 3, 5, 6, 9, and 10 were further confirmed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. The magnesium centers posses distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry. The controlled hydrolysis compound Mg7O8 (C22H28NO2)6 (11) was adequately characterized using 1H, 13C NMR, ESI‐MS, and the biscubane structure was further confirmed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. The Mg7O8 core is deeply embedded with the ligand periphery. These compounds (1–10) were found to be active towards the bulk ring opening polymerization (ROP) of lactides, yielding polymers with high number average molecular weight (Mn) and controlled molecular weight distributions (MWDs). In addition, these compounds have been shown to be highly active toward the copolymerization of carbon dioxide with cyclohexene oxide and styrene oxide. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015, 53, 1474–1491
Novel pendent thiophene side‐chained benzodithiophene for polymer solar cells
Authors: Sheng Ruiying , Liu Qian , Xiao Manjun , Gu Chunyang , Hu Tong , Ren Junzhen , Sun Mingliang , Yang Renqiang 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTIn this article, pendent thiophene (2‐butyl‐5‐octylthiophene) side chain is used to modify the backbone of the polymers containing benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene (BDT) and thieno[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐4,6‐dione (TPD). Compared with the dodecyloxy side‐chained polymer (P1), pendent thiophene‐based polymers (P2 and P3) show similar number‐average molecular weight (Mn), polydispersity index, thermal stability (Td ∼ 334–337 °C), and optical band gaps (
) (∼1.8 eV). Polymer (P2)‐based BDT with pendent thiophene and ethylhexyl‐modified TPD shows relatively low‐lying HOMO energy level (−5.52 eV) and nearly 1 V high open circuit voltage (VOC). The polymer solar cell devices based on three copolymers show power conversion efficiencies from 2.01% to 4.13%. The hole mobility of these polymers tested by space charge limited current method range from 3.4 × 10−4 to 9.2 × 10−4 cm2V−1s−1. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015, 53, 1558–1566
Whispering gallery modes in intrinsic TiO2 microspheres coupling to the defect‐related photoluminescence after visible excitation
Authors: Paunoiu Andreea , Moirangthem Rakesh Singh , Erbe Andreas 
Published: March 2015

Defect‐caused visible photoluminescence after visible excitation in anatase TiO2 microresonators couples to whispering gallery modes (WGMs). Spherical anatase TiO2 of a radius between 1.5 µm and 4 µm have been prepared by a sol–gel technique based on hydrolysis of titanium tetrabutoxide. The observation of WGMs in intrinsic anatase TiO2 without additional dopant offers new perspectives for the localisation of light at TiO2 surfaces for the design of photocatalysts.
WGMs show up as narrow peaks in the photoluminescence spectra of TiO2 microparticles after visible excitation.magnified imageWGMs show up as narrow peaks in the photoluminescence spectra of TiO2 microparticles after visible excitation.(© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Human papillomavirus molecular biology and disease association
Authors: Doorbar John , Egawa Nagayasu , Griffin Heather , Kranjec Christian , Murakami Isao 
Published: March 2015

SummaryHuman papillomaviruses (HPVs) have evolved over millions of years to propagate themselves in a range of different animal species including humans. Viruses that have co‐evolved slowly in this way typically cause chronic inapparent infections, with virion production in the absence of apparent disease. This is the case for many Beta and Gamma HPV types. The Alpha papillomavirus types have however evolved immunoevasion strategies that allow them to cause persistent visible papillomas. These viruses activate the cell cycle as the infected epithelial cell differentiates in order to create a replication competent environment that allows viral genome amplification and packaging into infectious particles. This is mediated by the viral E6, E7, and E5 proteins. High‐risk E6 and E7 proteins differ from their low‐risk counterparts however in being able to drive cell cycle entry in the upper epithelial layers and also to stimulate cell proliferation in the basal and parabasal layers. Deregulated expression of these cell cycle regulators underlies neoplasia and the eventual progression to cancer in individuals who cannot resolve high‐risk HPV infection. Most work to date has focused on the study of high‐risk HPV types such as HPV 16 and 18, which has led to an understanding of the molecular pathways subverted by these viruses. Such approaches will lead to the development of better strategies for disease treatment, including targeted antivirals and immunotherapeutics. Priorities are now focused toward understanding HPV neoplasias at sites other than the cervix (e.g. tonsils, other transformation zones) and toward understanding the mechanisms by which low‐risk HPV types can sometimes give rise to papillomatosis and under certain situations even cancers. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The content of a training package in diagnostic ultrasound for physiotherapists
Authors: McKiernan Sharmaine , Chiarelli Pauline , Warren‐Forward Helen 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIntroductionIn recent years, the use of diagnostic ultrasound has expanded into the physiotherapy profession; however, training in the use of the modality is limited. It is widely accepted that ultrasound imaging is a user‐dependent modality, so without training, physiotherapists are likely to struggle with its use within their profession. The purpose of this study is to report on the content of a training package for physiotherapists in diagnostic ultrasound.MethodPhysiotherapists training needs were previously explored using focus groups and a national survey. Insight gained was then used to develop a training package to cover the basic theory of ultrasound and scanning of the abdominal muscles, multifidus and pelvic floor. A combination of lectures, practical scanning sessions and image interpretation was used to deliver the curriculum.ResultsThe training package was developed to be delivered flexibly using two methods: workshop and DVD. The same content was covered in both formats with recorded lectures, video footage and cine clips used on the DVD to replace the live content of the workshop.DiscussionA training package in diagnostic ultrasound for physiotherapists was developed, and from participant feedback, the content can be said to have improved participant knowledge and confidence when using diagnostic ultrasound. © 2015 Australasian Sonographers Association