bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of CYP2C9–VKORC1 interaction on warfarin stable dosage and its predictive algorithm
Authors: Li Xi , Liu Rong , Yan Han , Tang Jie , Yin Ji‐Ye , Mao Xiao‐Yuan , Yang Fang , Luo Zhi‐Yin , Tan Sheng‐Lan , He Hui , Chen Xiao‐Ping , Liu Zhao‐Qian , Li Zhi , Zhou Hong‐Hao , Zhang Wei 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThis study aimed to identify the effect of CYP2C9–VKORC1 interaction on warfarin dosage requirement and its predictive algorithm by investigating four populations. Generalized linear model was used to evaluate the relationship between the interaction and warfarin stable dosage (WSD), whereas multiple linear regression analysis was applied to construct the WSD predictive algorithm. To evaluate the effect of CYP2C9–VKORC1 interaction on the predictive algorithms, we compared the algorithms with and without the interaction. The interaction was significantly associated with WSD in the Chinese and White cohorts (P values < 0.05). In the algorithms that considered the interaction, the predictive success rates improved by only 0.12% in the Chinese patients and by a maximum of 0.02% in the White patients under four different CYP2C9 classifications. Thus, VKORC1–CYP2C9 interaction can affect WSD. However, the discrepancy between the predictive results obtained using the predictive algorithm with and without CYP2C9–VKORC1 interaction was negligible and can therefore be disregarded.
New food from a potato somatic hybrid: nutritional equivalence and safety assessment by a feeding study on rats
Authors: Nouri‐Ellouz Oumèma , Zeghal Najiba , Makni Saloua , Makni‐Ayadi Fatma , Trigui Mouhanad , Ellouz‐Ghorbel Raoudha , Drira Noureddine , Sellami‐Boudawara Tahya , Gargouri‐Bouzid Radhia 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDPotato tubers from the STBd somatic hybrid line that exhibited improved tolerance to salinity and resistance to fungal and PVY infections were characterised. They were compared for their chemical composition to the Spunta variety produced by conventional agronomic practices. This study aimed to compare nutritional value and safety by feeding rats with STBd or commercial tubers added to the standard diet (20/80 w/w).RESULTSThe analysis of soluble sugar, fat, fibre and ash content of tubers did not reveal any significant differences between the hybrid line and the control Spunta variety. Small differences were observed in dry matter, starch and protein content of hybrid potatoes in comparison to controls. However, all values were within normal ranges reported in the literature. The feeding study on rats showed that overall health, weight gain, food consumption, morphological aspects and weights of organs were comparable between rat groups fed the STBd hybrid and the Spunta variety.CONCLUSIONTaken together, 28 days of consumption of STBd hybrid potato did not exert any adverse effect on rats compared with commercial Spunta potato. The STBd potato line was therefore considered to be as safe for food utilisation as the commercial variety. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Different types of upper extremity exercise training in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Effects on functional performance, strength, endurance, and ambulation
Authors: Alemdaroğlu Ipek , Karaduman Ayşe , Yilmaz Öznur Tunca , Topaloğlu Haluk 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTIntroductionWe investigated and compared the effects of 2 different types of upper extremity exercise training on upper extremity function, strength, endurance, and ambulation in patients with early‐stage Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).MethodsThe study group (n = 12) exercised with an arm ergometer under the supervision of a physiotherapist, whereas the control group (n = 12) underwent a strengthening range‐of‐motion (ROM) exercise program under the supervision of their families at home for 8 weeks. Upper extremity functional performance, strength, endurance, and ambulatory status were assessed before and after the training.ResultsAmbulation scores, endurance, and arm functions, as well as proximal muscle strength, were improved after the training in the study group (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that upper extremity training with an arm ergometer is more effective in preserving and improving the functional level of early‐stage DMD patients compared to ROM exercises alone. Muscle Nerve 51:697–705, 2015
The Thermochemistry of London Dispersion‐Driven Transition Metal Reactions: Getting the ‘Right Answer for the Right Reason’
Authors: Hansen Andreas , Bannwarth Christoph , Grimme Stefan , Petrović Predrag , Werlé Christophe , Djukic Jean-Pierre 
Published: September 2014

AbstractReliable thermochemical measurements and theoretical predictions for reactions involving large transition metal complexes in which long‐range intramolecular London dispersion interactions contribute significantly to their stabilization are still a challenge, particularly for reactions in solution. As an illustrative and chemically important example, two reactions are investigated where a large dipalladium complex is quenched by bulky phosphane ligands (triphenylphosphane and tricyclohexylphosphane). Reaction enthalpies and Gibbs free energies were measured by isotherm titration calorimetry (ITC) and theoretically ‘back‐corrected’ to yield 0 K gas‐phase reaction energies (ΔE). It is shown that the Gibbs free solvation energy calculated with continuum models represents the largest source of error in theoretical thermochemistry protocols. The (‘back‐corrected’) experimental reaction energies were used to benchmark (dispersion‐corrected) density functional and wave function theory methods. Particularly, we investigated whether the atom‐pairwise D3 dispersion correction is also accurate for transition metal chemistry, and how accurately recently developed local coupled‐cluster methods describe the important long‐range electron correlation contributions. Both, modern dispersion‐corrected density functions (e.g., PW6B95‐D3(BJ) or B3LYP‐NL), as well as the now possible DLPNO‐CCSD(T) calculations, are within the ‘experimental’ gas phase reference value. The remaining uncertainties of 2–3 kcal mol−1 can be essentially attributed to the solvation models. Hence, the future for accurate theoretical thermochemistry of large transition metal reactions in solution is very promising.
Anion Binding Properties of Alkynylplatinum(II) Complexes with Amide‐Functionalized Terpyridine: Host–Guest Interactions and Fluoride Ion‐Induced Deprotonation
Authors: Yeung Margaret Ching-Lam , Chu Ben Wai-Kin , Yam Vivian Wing-Wah 
Published: September 2014

AbstractMolecular sensors able to detect ions are of interest due to their potential application in areas such as pollutant sequestration. Alkynylplatinum(II) terpyridine complexes with an amide‐based receptor moiety have been synthesized and characterized. Their anion binding properties based on host–guest interactions have been examined with the use of UV‐vis absorption and emission spectral titration studies. Spectral changes were observed for both complexes upon the addition of spherical and nonspherical anions. Their titration profiles were shown to be in good agreement with theoretical results predicting a 1:1 binding model, and the binding constants were determined from the experimental data. Drastic color changes from yellow to orange–red were observed for one of the complexes upon titration with fluoride (F−) ion in acetone. These changes were ascribed to the deprotonation of the amide functionalities induced by F− ion, and this was confirmed by the restoration of spectral changes upon addition of trifluoroacetic acid to the F− ion–complex mixture as well as by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) data.
Tuning silicon quantum dot luminescence via surface groups
Authors: Dasog Mita , Veinot Jonathan G. C. 
Published: September 2014

This article describes the synthesis of silicon nanocrystals (Si‐NCs) and their functionalization with three different surface groups. We also report the effects of various surface groups on the optical properties of Si‐NCs with similar particle size distribution. The Si‐NCs were characterized using various methods such as XRD, FT‐IR, transmission electron microscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy.Butylamine (blue), trioctylphosphine oxide (yellow), and dodecyl (red) functionalized Si‐NCs dispersed in toluene under UV‐illumination.
Bayesian Information for Sensors
Authors: Eves Christopher , Wang Xue , Walker Stephen G. 
Published: September 2014

An engineering company manufacturing high‐precision sensors had accumulated huge historical databases of information on a type of sensors, which had been tested. The aim of the company was not to use this historical data to improve estimation of future individual sensor parameters, but rather to use it to reduce the number of measurements needed per sensor, guaranteeing a required level of accuracy. In the paper, we show how this can be performed, using Bayesian ideas, and introduce the novel theory for linear regression models, which determines how the reduction in individual sensor measurements can be achieved.Specifically, for estimating parameters of closely related sensors, an estimate can be thought of as comprising a global component, that is, the mean of all the sensors, and a local component, which is a shift from the mean. The historical data can, in a Bayesian framework, provide the global component and hence all that is needed from an individual sensor is the local component. In non‐Bayesian estimation methods, both components are required, and hence, many measurements are needed. On the other hand, with Bayesian methods, only the local fit is needed, and hence, fewer measurements per sensor are required. We provide the supporting theory and demonstrate on a real‐life application with real data. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Actuator fault estimation based adaptive polytopic observer for a class of LPV descriptor systems
Authors: Rodrigues M. , Hamdi H. , Theilliol D. , Mechmeche C. , BenHadj Braiek N. 
Published: September 2014

SummaryThis paper presents an Adaptive Polytopic Observer (APO) design in order to develop an actuator fault estimation method dedicated to polytopic Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) descriptor systems. This paper extends a fault diagnosis method developed for regular LTI systems to polytopic LPV descriptor systems. Here, time‐varying actuator faults are also considered, whereas in many papers, actuator faults are generally assumed to be constant. The design and convergence conditions of this APO are provided. The design is formulated through LMI techniques under equality constraints. The performances of the proposed actuator fault estimation scheme are illustrated using an electrical circuit. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Changes in shear wave speed pre‐ and post‐induction of labor: a feasibility study
Authors: Carlson L. C. , Romero S. T. , Palmeri M. L. , Muñoz del Rio A. , Esplin S. M. , Rotemberg V. M. , Hall T. J. , Feltovich H. 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo explore the feasibility of using shear wave speed (SWS) estimates to detect differences in cervical softening pre‐ and post‐ripening in women undergoing induction of labor.MethodsSubjects at 37–41 weeks' gestation undergoing cervical ripening before induction of labor were recruited (n = 20). Examinations, performed prior to administration of misoprostol and 4 h later included Bishop score, transvaginal ultrasound measurement of cervical length, and 10 replicate SWS measurements using an ultrasound system equipped with a prototype transducer (128 element, 3 mm diameter, 14 mm aperture) attached to the clinician's hand. Subjects were divided into two groups, ‘not‐in‐labor’ and ‘marked‐progression’, based on cervical evaluation at the second examination. Measurements were compared via individual paired hypotheses tests and using a linear mixed model, with the latter also used to compare groups. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to compare SWS with Bishop score. The linear mixed model can take into account clustered data and accommodate multiple predictors simultaneously.ResultsThe Wilcoxon signed‐rank paired test established a significant difference in pre‐ and post‐ripening SWS, with mean SWS estimates of 2.53 ± 0.75 and 1.54 ± 0.31 m/s, respectively (P < 0.001) in the not‐in‐labor group (decrease in stiffness) and 1.58 ± 0.33 and 2.35 ± 0.65 m/s for the marked‐progression group (increase in stiffness). The linear mixed model corroborated significant differences in pre‐ and post‐ripening measurements in individual subjects (P < 0.001) as well as between groups (P < 0.0001). SWS estimates were significantly correlated with digitally‐assessed cervical softness and marginally correlated with Bishop score as assessed by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.ConclusionsIn‐vivo SWS estimates detected stiffness differences before and after misoprostol‐induced softening in term pregnancies. This ultrasonic shear elasticity imaging technique shows promise for assessing cervical softness. Copyright © 2014 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Gesundheitsbedingte Leistungseinbußen bei der Arbeit durch Präsentismus
Authors: Wilke Christiane , Elis Tobias , Biallas Bianca , Froböse Ingo 
Published: September 2014

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Das Verhalten, trotz Krankheit zur Arbeit zu gehen erzeugt für Arbeitgeber hohe Kosten und beeinträchtigt die Gesundheit der Mitarbeiter. Maßnahmen des Betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagements (BGM) erhalten und fördern diesbezüglich die Gesundheit der Beschäftigten.

Methode
An der Befragung nahmen 277 Mitarbeiter/-innen aus Produktion (56,9 %) und Verwaltung (43,1 %) teil. Das Durchschnittsalter betrug 41,2 Jahre, der männliche Anteil 80,5 %. Erfasst wurden Produktivitätsverluste und bestehende Schwierigkeiten spezieller Arbeitsanforderungen (Zeitmanagement, Leistungs-, körperliche sowie mental-interpersonelle Anforderungen).

Ergebnisse
Die Produktivitätsverluste durch Präsentismus sind gering (4,1 %). Männer und Mitarbeiter der Produktion erzeugen höhere Produktionsverluste (p < 0,01; p < 0,001) und weisen mehr Probleme hinsichtlich Zeitmanagement (p < 0,01) und körperliche Anforderungen (p < 0,001) auf. Ältere haben mehr Probleme im Bereich der körperlichen Anforderungen (p < 0,001).

Schlussfolgerung
Präsentismus wird zukünftig zentral für die „Gesundheit am Arbeitsplatz“ sein. Das BGM kann durch unterschiedliche Messinstrumente Ursachen und Folgen von Präsentismus erfassen.
Body Size, Skills, and Income: Evidence From 150,000 Teenage Siblings
Authors: Lundborg Petter , Nystedt Paul , Rooth Dan-Olof 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
We provide new evidence on the long-run labor market penalty of teenage overweight and obesity using unique and large-scale data on 150,000 male siblings from the Swedish military enlistment. Our empirical analysis provides four important results. First, we provide the first evidence of a large adult male labor market penalty for being overweight or obese as a teenager. Second, we replicate this result using data from the United States and the United Kingdom. Third, we note a strikingly strong within-family relationship between body size and cognitive skills/noncognitive skills. Fourth, a large part of the estimated body-size penalty reflects lower skill acquisition among overweight and obese teenagers. Taken together, these results reinforce the importance of policy combating early-life obesity in order to reduce healthcare expenditures as well as poverty and inequalities later in life.
Hyperalgesia and allodynia to superficial and deep-tissue mechanical stimulation within and outside of the UVB irradiated area in human skin
Authors: Vecchio Silvia Lo , Petersen Lars J. , Finocchietti Sara , Gazerani Parisa , Arendt-Nielsen Lars , Graven-Nielsen Thomas 
Published: September 2014

Abstract

Background and aims
The ultraviolet-B (UVB) inflammatory model is a well-established model of inflammatory pain. This study investigated whether UVB-induced cutaneous inflammation would enhance pain responses from the underlying deep somatic areas.

Methods
Skin inflammation was induced, in 24 healthy volunteers, by UVB irradiation (three times of the individual minimal erythema UVB dose) in square-shaped areas on the forearm and lower back. Assessments of cutaneous blood flow, pin-prick thresholds, pressure pain thresholds and tolerance, stimulus–response functions relating graded pressure stimulations and pain intensity (visual analogue scale, VAS) were performed within and outside the irradiated area.

Results
Twenty-four hours after UVB irradiation, a significant increase in superficial blood flow in the irradiated skin area was demonstrated compared with baseline (P < 0.01) indicating that inflammation was induced. Compared with baseline, UVB irradiation significantly reduced the pin-prick thresholds, pressure pain thresholds and tolerance within and outside of the irradiated area (P < 0.05). The stimulus–response function was left-shifted compared with baseline both within and outside the irradiated area (P < 0.05) with a more pronounced left-shift within the irradiated area (P < 0.01). Application of topical anaesthesia 24h after irradiation in 5 subjects, both within and outside the irradiated area, could only increase the pin-prick thresholds outside the irradiated area.

Conclusion
The UVB irradiation of the skin not only provokes cutaneous primary and secondary hyper-algesia but also causes hyperalgesia to blunt pressure stimulations 24h after the UVB exposure.

Implications
The presented UVB model can be used as a translational model from animals into healthy subjects. This model can potentially be used to screen drug candidates with anti-inflammatory properties in early stages of drug development.
Psychiatric and psycho-social characteristics of suicide completers: a comprehensive evaluation of psychiatric case records and postmortem findings
Authors: Kielty J. , van Laar A. , Davoren M. , Conlon L. , Hillick A. , McDonald C. , Hallahan B. 
Published: September 2014

ObjectivesTo explore the demographic, psychosocial and clinical characteristics of individuals known to the mental health services, who died by probable suicide in the West of Ireland.MethodsPostmortem reports between January 2006 and May 2012 detailed 153 individuals who died by probable suicide, 58 of whom attended the mental health services. Relevant socio-demographic and clinical data was extracted from individuals’ lifetime case notes.ResultsRecurrent depressive disorder (44%) was the most common diagnosis and hanging the most common method of death (58%). Of individuals who died by hanging, 79% previously attempted suicide by the same method. For individuals with a documented history of depression, only 32% had antidepressants detected in their toxicology reports. Similarly, only one individual (20%) with schizophrenia had antipsychotics detected in their toxicology report.ConclusionsIndividuals who died by probable suicide, most commonly died by hanging and drowning; with previous attempts of hanging particularly prevalent in the group who subsequently died by hanging. At the time of death, less than one-third of individuals according to toxicology reports were taking the medication that was last prescribed to them by the mental health services suggesting a high rate of treatment non-concordance in individuals who died by probable suicide.
Force acting on a square cylinder fixed in a free-surface channel flow
Authors: Qi Z. X. , Eames I. , Johnson E. R. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractWe describe an experimental study of the forces acting on a square cylinder (of width $\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}b$) which occupies 10–40 % of a channel (of width $w$), fixed in a free-surface channel flow. The force experienced by the obstacle depends critically on the Froude number upstream of the obstacle, ${\mathit{Fr}}_1$ (depth $h_1$), which sets the downstream Froude number, ${\mathit{Fr}}_2$ (depth $h_2$). When ${\mathit{Fr}}_1<{\mathit{Fr}}_{1c}$, where ${\mathit{Fr}}_{1c}$ is a critical Froude number, the flow is subcritical upstream and downstream of the obstacle. The drag effect tends to decrease or increase the water depth downstream or upstream of the obstacle, respectively. The force is form drag caused by an attached wake and scales as $\overline{F_{D}}\simeq C_D \rho b u_1^2 h_1/2$, where $C_D$ is a drag coefficient and $u_1$ is the upstream flow speed. The empirically determined drag coefficient is strongly influenced by blocking, and its variation follows the trend $C_D=C_{D0}(1+C_{D0}b/2w)^2$, where $C_{D0}=1.9$ corresponds to the drag coefficient of a square cylinder in an unblocked turbulent flow. The r.m.s. lift force is approximately 10–40 % of the mean drag force and is generated by vortex shedding from the obstacle. When ${\mathit{Fr}}_1={\mathit{Fr}}_{1c}\, (<1)$, the flow is choked and adjusts by generating a hydraulic jump downstream of the obstacle. The drag force scales as $\overline{F}_D\simeq C_K \rho b g (h_1^2-h_2^2)/2$, where experimentally we find $C_K\simeq 1$. The r.m.s. lift force is significantly smaller than the mean drag force. A consistent model is developed to explain the transitional behaviour by using a semi-empirical form of the drag force that combines form and hydrostatic components. The mean drag force scales as $\overline{F_{D}}\simeq \lambda \rho b g^{1/3} u_1^{4/3} h_1^{4/3}$, where $\lambda $ is a function of $b/w$ and ${\mathit{Fr}}_1$. For a choked flow, $\lambda =\lambda _c$ is a function of blocking ($b/w$). For small blocking fractions, $\lambda _c= C_{D0}/2$. In the choked flow regime, the largest contribution to the total drag force comes from the form-drag component.
Vortex force decomposition in the tip region of impulsively-started flat plates
Authors: Kriegseis Jochen , Rival David E. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAn investigation into the influence of seemingly analogous kinematics (plunge versus tow) for rapidly accelerating, low-aspect-ratio plates has been performed. The instantaneous forces and velocity fields were obtained simultaneously using a six-component force/moment sensor together with a three-dimensional particle tracking velocimetry (3D-PTV) system. Despite identical effective shear-layer velocities and effective angles of attack, the force histories are found to vary between the two aforementioned cases (plunge versus tow) once the impulsive motion is complete, as originally reported on by Kriegseis et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 736, 2013, pp. 91–106). In order to uncover the cause for this curious discrepancy between the two analogous cases a vortex force decomposition is implemented. It is shown that the interplay between growth and orientation of the vortical structures significantly affects vortical hydrodynamic impulse and vortex force, and thus the net lift on the body.