bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterotopic pancreas in excluded stomach diagnosed after gastric bypass surgery
Authors: Guimarães Marta , Rodrigues Pedro , Gonçalves Gil , Nora Mário , Monteiro Mariana P 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Heterotopic pancreas is defined as finding of pancreatic tissue without anatomic and vascular continuity with the normal pancreas. Heterotopic pancreas is a rare condition difficult to diagnose and with controversial clinical management.

Case presentation
We describe a 43 year old female patient previously submitted to laparoscopic gastric bypass for primary treatment of morbid obesity; 5 years later, the patient was discovered to have a mass in the antrum of the excluded stomach that was found to be heterotopic pancreatic tissue. Before gastric bypass surgery, the presence of the pancreatic mass in the gastric wall was unnoticed in the imagiologic records.

Conclusion
This is the first reported case of pancreatic heterotopy diagnosed in the excluded stomach after gastric bypass. A putative role of incretin hormones in mediating pancreatic cell hyperplasia of heterotopic pancreatic remnants should be considered an additional hypothesis that requires further research.
MiR-181a contributes to bufalin-induced apoptosis in PC-3 prostate cancer cells
Authors: Zhai Xiao-feng , Fang Fan-fu , Liu Qun , Meng Yong-bin , Guo Yu-yu , Chen Zhe 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Bufalin is a major active compound of cinobufacini, which comes from dried toad venom and has been used for treatments of various cancers in China for many years. A number of studies have demonstrated that bufalin can induce apoptosis in some cancers. However, effects and mechanism of bufalin on prostate cancer cells remain unknown.

Methods
Apoptosis assay was measured by the annexin-V/PI flow cytometric assay. Western blot was used to measure Caspase-3 and Bcl-2. qRT-PCR was used to measure the relative expression of miR-181a.

Results
Bufalin was found to induce the expression of miR-181a, a small non-coding RNA believed to induce apoptosis by repressing its target gene, BCL-2. In prostate cancer PC-3cell line, bufalin-induced apoptosis can be largely attenuated by a miR-181a inhibitor, which blocked bufalin-induced Bcl-2 reduction and caspase-3 activation.

Conclusions
Our dataindicatedthat miR-181a mediates bufalin-induced apoptosis in PC-3 cells. Thus, we presented here a new pharmacological mechanism for bufalin in anti-tumor therapy.
Methanol extract of Melastoma malabathricum leaves exerted antioxidant and liver protective activity in rats
Authors: Mamat Siti Syariah , Kamarolzaman Mohamad Fauzi Fahmi , Yahya Farhana , Mahmood Nur Diyana , Shahril Muhammad Syahmi , Jakius Krystal Feredoline , Mohtarrudin Norhafizah , Ching Siew Mooi , Susanti Deny , Taher Muhammad , Zakaria Zainul Amiruddin 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundMelastoma malabathricumL. (Melastomaceae) is a small shrub with various medicinal uses. The present study was carried out to determine the hepatoprotective activity of methanol extract ofM. malabathricumleaves (MEMM) against the paracetamol-induced liver toxicity in rats model.MethodsThe respective chemicals and herbal solutions (10% DMSO, 200 mg/kg silymarin or MEMM (50, 250 and 500 mg/kg)) were administered orally to rats once everyday for 7 days followed by the hepatotoxicity assay. The blood samples and livers were collected and subjected to biochemical and microscopical analysis. Prior to the hepatoprotective study, MEMM was subjected to determination of the total phenolic content (TPC) and the antioxidant properties using several standard assays (e.g. 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl- and superoxide anion- radical scavenging assay, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay).ResultsMEMM exerted significant (p < 0.05) and high antioxidant activity in which high TPC was recorded; while in the hepatotoxicity study, the extract exhibited significant hepatoprotective effects against the paracetamol-induced hepatotoxic model. The results observed for serum liver enzymes (ALT, ALP and AST) as well as the microscopic observations and microscopic scoring supported the hepatoprotective potential of MEMM. The phytochemical and HPLC analysis of MEMM demonstrated the presence of flavonoids as its major constituents.ConclusionsThe MEMM-induced hepatoprotective activity could be allied partly to its antioxidant activity and the presence of flavonoids.
Pilot study of blood perfusion coherence along the meridian in forearm
Authors: Wang Guangjun , Tian Yuying , Jia Shuyong , Zhou Wenting , Zhang Weibo 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Many studies have explored the relationship between skin microcirculation and meridian activation. However, few studies have examined blood perfusion coherence along the meridians, and other studies have suggested that the skin vasodilator response relates to age. This study investigated blood perfusion coherence characteristics along the meridian of the forearm in healthy volunteers.

Methods
A total of 15 young subjects (25.53 ± 2.20) and 15 middle-aged subjects (50.07 ± 3.37) were recruited for this study. Before experiments, each subject was placed in a temperature-controlled room for 60 min. Skin blood perfusion from five points was recorded simultaneously using a full-field laser perfusion imager before and after inflatable occlusion. The five points comprised three points located on the pericardium meridian, and two points from different locations. Coherence analysis between these points was performed at different frequency intervals from 0.0095 to 2 Hz.

Results
In young subjects, the coherence value was unchanged before and after occlusion, and there was no significant difference in coherence value between meridian-meridian points (M-M) and meridian-parameridian points (M-P). In middle-aged subjects, the coherence value increased significantly in both M-M and M-P at frequency intervals of 0.14-0.4 Hz, 0.4-1.6 Hz, and 1.6-2 Hz. However, there was no significant difference in coherence values between M-M and M-P.

Conclusions
Inflatable occlusion can increase middle-aged subjects’ blood perfusion coherence value of the forearm. However, there is no specificity in meridian location.
PinX1 suppresses bladder urothelial carcinoma cell proliferation via the inhibition of telomerase activity and p16/cyclin D1 pathway
Authors: Liu Jian-Ye , Qian Dong , He Li-Ru , Li Yong-Hong , Liao Yi-Ji , Mai Shi-Juan , Tian Xiao-Peng , Liu Yan-Hui , Zhang Jia-Xing , Kung Hsiang-Fu , Zeng Yi-Xin , Zhou Fang-Jian , Xie Dan 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
PIN2/TRF1-interacting telomerase inhibitor1 (PinX1) was recently suggested as a putative tumor suppressor in several types of human cancer, based on its binding to and inhibition of telomerase. Moreover, loss of PinX1 has been detected in many human malignancies. However, the possible involvement of PinX1 and its clinical/prognostic significance in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) are unclear.

Methods
The PinX1 expression profile was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blotting, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in UCB tissues and adjacent normal urothelial bladder epithelial tissues. PinX1 was overexpressed and silenced in UCB cell lines to determine its role in tumorigenesis, development of UCB, and the possible mechanism.

Results
PinX1 expression in UCB was significantly down-regulated at both mRNA and protein level as compared with that in normal urothelial bladder epithelial tissues. PinX1 levels were inversely correlated with tumor multiplicity, advanced N classification, high proliferation index (Ki-67), and poor survival (P < 0.05). Moreover, overexpression of PinX1 in UCB cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, whereas silencing PinX1 dramatically enhanced cell proliferation. Overexpression of PinX1 resulted in G1/S phase arrest and cell growth/proliferation inhibition, while silencing PinX1 led to acceleration of G1/S transition, and cell growth/proliferation promotion by inhibiting/enhancing telomerase activity and via the p16/cyclin D1 pathway.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that down-regulation of PinX1 play an important role in the tumorigenesis and development of UCB and that the expression of PinX1 as detected by IHC is an independent molecular marker in patients with UCB.
Urea immunoliposome inhibits human vascular endothelial cell proliferation for hemangioma treatment
Authors: Wang Zhiliang , Li Jie , Xu Xin , Duan Xianglong , Cao Gang 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Urea injection has been used in hemangioma treatment as sclerotherapy. It shrinks vascular endothelial cells and induces degeneration, necrosis, and fibrosis. However, this treatment still has disadvantages, such as lacking targeting and difficulty in controlling the urea dosage. Thus, we designed a urea immunoliposome to improve the efficiency of treatment.

Methods
The urea liposome was prepared by reverse phase evaporation. Furthermore, the urea immunoliposome was generated by coupling the urea liposome with a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) monoclonal antibody using the glutaraldehyde cross-linking method. The influence of the urea immunoliposome on cultured human hemangioma vascular endothelial cells was observed preliminarily.

Results
Urea immunoliposomes showed typical liposome morphology under a transmission electron microscope, with an encapsulation percentage of 54.4% and a coupling rate of 36.84% for anti-VEGFR. Treatment with the urea immunoliposome significantly inhibited the proliferation of hemangioma vascular endothelial cells (HVECs) in a time- and dose-dependent manner.

Conclusions
The urea immunoliposome that we developed distinctly and persistently inhibited the proliferation of HVECs and is expected to be used in clinical hemangioma treatment.
Infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) in Chilean Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) aquaculture: emergence of low pathogenic ISAV-HPR0 and re-emergence of virulent ISAV-HPR∆: HPR3 and HPR14
Authors: Godoy Marcos G , Kibenge Molly JT , Suarez Rudy , Lazo Eduardo , Heisinger Alejandro , Aguinaga Javier , Bravo Diego , Mendoza Julio , Llegues Katerina O , Avendaño-Herrera Rubén , Vera Cristian , Mardones Fernando , Kibenge Frederick SB 
Published: November 2013

Abstact
Infectious salmon anaemia (ISA) is a serious disease of marine-farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) caused by ISA virus (ISAV), which belongs to the genus Isavirus, family Orthomyxoviridae. ISA is caused by virulent ISAV strains with deletions in a highly polymorphic region (HPR) of the hemagglutinin-esterase (HE) protein (designated virulent ISAV-HPR∆). This study shows the historic dynamics of ISAV-HPR∆ and ISAV-HPR0 in Chile, the genetic relationship among ISAV-HPR0 reported worldwide and between ISAV-HPR0 and ISAV-HPR∆ in Chile, and reports the 2013 ISA outbreak in Chile. The first ISA outbreak in Chile occurred from mid-June 2007 to 2010 and involved the virulent ISAV-HPR7b, which was then replaced by a low pathogenic ISAV-HPR0 variant. We analyzed this variant in 66 laboratory-confirmed ISAV-HPR0 cases in Chile in comparison to virulent ISAV-HPR∆ that caused two new ISA outbreaks in April 2013. Multiple alignment and phylogenetic analysis of HE sequences from all ISAV-HPR0 viruses allowed us to identify three genomic clusters, which correlated with three residue patterns of ISAV-HPR0 (360PST362, 360PAN362 and 360PAT362) in HPR. The virus responsible for the 2013 ISAV-HPR∆ cases in Chile belonged to ISAV-HPR3 and ISAV-HPR14, and in phylogenetic analyses, both clustered with the ISAV-HPR0 found in Chile. The ISAV-HPR14 had the ISAV-HPR0 residue pattern 360PAT362, which is the only type of ISAV-HPR0 variant found in Chile. This suggested to us that the 2013 ISAV-HPR∆ re-emerged from ISAV-HPR0 that is enzootic in Chilean salmon aquaculture and were not new introductions of virulent ISAV-HPR∆ to Chile. The clinical presentations and diagnostic evidence of the 2013 ISA cases indicated a mixed infection of ISAV with the ectoparasite Caligus rogercresseyi and the bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis, which underscores the need for active ISAV surveillance in areas where ISAV-HPR0 is enzootic, to ensure early detection and control of new ISA outbreaks, as it is considered a risk factor. This is the first report of ISA linked directly to the presence of ISAV-HPR0, and provides strong evidence supporting the contention that ISAV-HPR0 shows a strong relationship to virulent ISAV-HPR∆ viruses and the possibility that it could mutate to virulent ISAV-HPR∆.
Arthroscopic treatment of chronically painful calcific tendinitis of the rectus femoris
Authors: Peng Xu , Feng Yong , Chen Guangxing , Yang Liu 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Relatively large calcific tendinitis with persistent symptoms after extended periods of conservative treatment is an indication for operative therapy. Arthroscopy, as a treatment for calcific tendinitis of the hip abductors and calcinosis circumscripta, has been described previously; however, to our knowledge, the clinical and radiological response to arthroscopic removal of calcific tendinitis of the rectus femoris tendon has not.

Methods
We present arthroscopic treatment of unusual calcific tendonitis of the origin of the rectus femoris and associated intra-articular lesions in 3 patients with chronic coxa pain.

Results
Our cases show that hip arthroscopy is an effective therapeutic modality for calcific tendinitis of the hip joint with satisfactory short-term outcomes.

Conclusions
Calcific tendinitis, although an uncommon clinical entity, should be a part of the differential diagnosis of acute or chronic hip pain.
Preventively enteral application of immunoglobulin enriched colostrums milk can modulate postoperative inflammatory response
Authors: Orth Klaus , Knoefel Wolfram Trudo , van Griensven Martijn , Matuschek Christiane , Peiper Matthias , Schrumpf Holger , Gerber Peter Arne , Budach Wilfried , Bölke Edwin , Buhren Bettina Alexandra , Schauer Matthias 
Published: November 2013

AbstractSeveral studies demonstrated acute inflammatory response following traumatic injury. Inflammatory response during surgical interventions was verified by a significant increase of endotoxin plasma levels and a decrease of the endotoxin neutralizing capacity (ENC). However, the incidence of elevated endotoxin levels was significantly higher (89%) than detected bacterial translocation (35%). Thus parts or products of Gram-negative bacteria seem to translocate more easily into the blood circulation than whole bacteria. Along with the bacterial translocation, the inflammatory response correlated directly with the severity of the surgical intervention. In comparison after major and minor surgery Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) was also significantly different. Similar effects in mediator release were shown during endovascular stent graft placement and open surgery in infrarenal aortic aneurysm. Open surgery demonstrated a significant stronger endotoxin translocation and a decrease of ENC. Strategies to prevent translocation seem to be sensible. Colostrum is the first milk produced by the mammary glands within the first days after birth. It contains a complex system of immune factors and has a long history of use in traditional medicine. Placebo-controlled studies verified that prophylactic oral application of immunoglobulin-enriched colostrum milk preparation diminishes perioperative endotoxemia, prevents reduction of ENC and reduces postoperative CRP-levels, suggesting a stabilization of the gut barrier. This effect may be caused by immunoglobulin transportation by the neonatal receptor FcRn of the mucosal epithelium.In conclusion, there is an association of perioperative endotoxemia and the subsequent increase in mediators of the acute phase reaction in surgical patients. A prophylactic oral application of colostrum milk is likely to stabilize the gut barrier i.e. reduces the influx of lipopolysaccharides arising from Gram-negative bacterial pathogens and inhibits enterogenic endotoxemia. This appears to be a major mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect in patients at risk for Gram-negative septic shock.
Flat-pressed wood plastic composites from sawdust and recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET): physical and mechanical properties
Authors: Rahman Khandkar Siddikur , Islam Md Nazrul , Rahman Md Mushfiqur , Hannan Md Obaidullah , Dungani Rudi , Khalil HPS Abdul 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
This study deals with the fabrication of composite matrix from saw dust (SD) and recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) at different ratio (w/w) by flat-pressed method. The wood plastic composites (WPCs) were made with a thickness of 6 mm after mixing the saw dust and PET in a rotary type blender followed by flat press process. Physical i.e., density, moisture content (MC), water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS), and mechanical properties i.e., Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) and Modulus of Rupture (MOR) were assessed as a function of mixing ratios according to the ASTM D-1037 standard. WA and TS were measured after 24 hours of immersion in water at 25, 50 and 75°C temperature. It was found that density decreased 18.3% when SD content increased from 40% to 70% into the matix. WA and TS increased when the PET content decreased in the matrix and the testing water temperature increased. MOE and MOR were reached to maximum for the fabricated composites (2008.34 and 27.08 N/mm2, respectively) when the SD content were only 40%. The results indicated that the fabrication of WPCs from sawdust and PET would technically feasible; however, the use of additives like coupling agents could further enhance the properties of WPCs.
Chemical speciation of environmentally significant metals with inorganic ligands. Part 5: The Zn2+ + OH-, Cl-, CO3
2-, SO4
2-, and PO4
3- systems (IUPAC Technical Report)
Authors: Powell Kipton J. , Brown Paul L. , Byrne Robert H. , Gajda Tamás , Hefter Glenn , Leuz Ann-Kathrin , Sjöberg Staffan , Wanner Hans 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The numerical modeling of ZnII speciation amongst the environmental inorganic ligands Cl&ndash;, OH&ndash;, CO3
2&ndash;, SO4
2&ndash;, and PO4
3&ndash; requires reliable values for the relevant stability (formation) constants. This paper compiles and provides a critical review of these constants and related thermodynamic data. It recommends values of log10
&beta;

p,q,r
&deg; valid at I

m
= 0 mol&middot;kg&ndash;1 and 25 &deg;C (298.15 K), and reports the empirical reaction ion interaction coefficients, ∆&epsilon;, required to calculate log10
&beta;

p,q,r
values at higher ionic strengths using the Br&oslash;nsted&ndash;Guggenheim&ndash;Scatchard specific ion interaction theory (SIT). Values for the corresponding reaction enthalpies, ∆r
H, are reported where available. There is scope for additional high-quality measurements for the Zn2+ + H+ + CO3
2&ndash; system and for the Zn2+ + OH&ndash; and Zn2+ + SO4
2&ndash; systems at I &gt; 0. In acidic and weakly alkaline fresh water systems (pH &lt; 8), in the absence of organic ligands (e.g., humic substances), ZnII speciation is dominated by Zn2+(aq). In this respect, ZnII contrasts with CuII and PbII (the subjects of earlier reviews in this series) for which carbonato- and hydroxido- complex formation become important at pH &gt; 7. The speciation of ZnII is dominated by ZnCO3(aq) only at pH &gt; 8.4. In seawater systems, the speciation at pH = 8.2 is dominated by Zn2+(aq) with ZnCl+, Zn(Cl)2(aq), ZnCO3(aq), and ZnSO4(aq) as minor species. This behaviour contrasts with that for CuII and PbII for which at the pH of seawater in equilibrium with the atmosphere at 25 &deg;C (log10 {[H+]/c&deg;} &asymp; 8.2) the MCO3(aq) complex dominates over the MCl
n

(2&ndash;n)+ species. The lower stability of the different complexes of ZnII compared with those of CuII, PbII, and CdII is also illustrated by the percentage of uncomplexed M2+ in seawater, which is ca. 55, 3, 2, and 3.3 % of [MII]T, respectively.
Rapid Electrokinetic Isolation of Cancer-Related Circulating Cell-Free DNA Directly from Blood
Authors: Sonnenberg Avery , Marciniak Jennifer Y , Rassenti Laura , Ghia Emanuela M , Skowronski Elaine A , Manouchehri Sareh , McCanna James , Widhopf George F , Kipps Thomas J , Heller Michael J 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDCirculating cell-free DNA (ccf-DNA) is becoming an important biomarker for cancer diagnostics and therapy monitoring. The isolation of ccf-DNA from plasma as a “liquid biopsy” may begin to replace more invasive tissue biopsies for the detection and analysis of cancer-related mutations. Conventional methods for the isolation of ccf-DNA from plasma are costly, time-consuming, and complex, preventing the use of ccf-DNA biomarkers for point-of-care diagnostics and limiting other biomedical research applications.METHODSWe used an AC electrokinetic device to rapidly isolate ccf-DNA from 25 μL unprocessed blood. ccf-DNA from 15 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients and 3 healthy individuals was separated into dielectrophoretic (DEP) high-field regions, after which other blood components were removed by a fluidic wash. Concentrated ccf-DNA was detected by fluorescence and eluted for quantification, PCR, and DNA sequencing. The complete process, blood to PCR, required &lt;10 min. ccf-DNA was amplified by PCR with immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IGHV)-specific primers to identify the unique IGHV gene expressed by the leukemic B-cell clone, and then sequenced.RESULTSPCR and DNA sequencing results obtained by DEP from 25 μL CLL blood matched results obtained by use of conventional methods for ccf-DNA isolation from 1 mL plasma and for genomic DNA isolation from CLL patient leukemic B cells isolated from 15–20 mL blood.CONCLUSIONSRapid isolation of ccf-DNA directly from a drop of blood will advance disease-related biomarker research, accelerate the transition from tissue to liquid biopsies, and enable point-of-care diagnostic systems for patient monitoring.
Comparison of Methods for the Measurement of the Angle of Repose of Granular Materials
Authors: Rousé Pascale C. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The angle of repose—the maximum angle that allows a heap of soil to remain stable without failing—is an important property of soils and affects the safety and costs of projects such as slopes or retaining walls. But several methods have been proposed to measure it, which might produce confusion in practice and research. The angles of repose obtained using six different methods for six different sands are compared here in order to quantify and explain the differences and determine some of the factors that influence the angle’s value. The results show that the highest values are obtained with the ASTM International and Cornforth methods, followed by scoop deposition (6 % smaller), the Santamarina and Cho dry method (12 % smaller), and the cone lifting method (35 % smaller). Both the cone lifting method and the Santamarina and Cho wet method produce segregation of the finer particles for sands having a specific gravity greater than 2.7 and a difference of extreme void ratios larger than 0.3.