bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Efficient Coupling of Nanolight Emitters to a Ultra-Wide Tunable Nanofibre Cavity
Authors: Schell Andreas W. , Takashima Hideaki , Kamioka Shunya , Oe Yasuko , Fujiwara Masazumi , Benson Oliver , Takeuchi Shigeki 
Published: May 2015

AbstractSolid-state microcavities combining ultra-small mode volume, wide-range resonance frequency tuning, as well as lossless coupling to a single mode fibre are integral tools for nanophotonics and quantum networks. We developed an integrated system providing all of these three indispensable properties. It consists of a nanofibre Bragg cavity (NFBC) with the mode volume of under 1 μm3 and repeatable tuning capability over more than 20 nm at visible wavelengths. In order to demonstrate quantum light-matter interaction, we establish coupling of quantum dots to our tunable NFBC and achieve an emission enhancement by a factor of 2.7.
Differential immune mechanism to HIV-1 Tat variants and its regulation by AEA
Authors: Krishnan Gopinath , Chatterjee Nivedita 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn the retina, Müller glia is a dominant player of immune response. The HIV-1 transactivator viral protein (Tat) induces production of several neurotoxic cytokines in retinal cells. We show that HIV-1 clades Tat B and C act differentially on Müller glia, which is reflected in apoptosis, activation of cell death pathway components and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The harsher immune-mediated pathology of Tat B, as opposed to milder effects of Tat C, manifests at several signal transduction pathways, notably, MAPK, STAT, SOCS, the NFκB signalosome and TTP. In activated cells, anandamide (AEA), acting as an immune-modulator, suppresses Tat B effect through MKP-1 but Tat C action via MEK-1. AEA lowers nuclear NF-κB and TAB2 for both variants while elevating IRAK1BP1 in activated Müller glia. Müller glia exposed to Tat shows enhanced PBMC attachment. Tat-induced increase in leukocyte adhesion to Müller cells can be mitigated by AEA, involving both CB receptors. This study identifies multiple signalling components that drive immune-mediated pathology and contribute to disease severity in HIV clades. We show that the protective effects of AEA occur at various stages in cytokine generation and are clade-dependant.
The proportion of genes in a functional category is linked to mass-specific metabolic rate and lifespan
Authors: Takemoto Kazuhiro , Kawakami Yuko 
Published: May 2015

AbstractMetabolic rate and lifespan are important biological parameters that are studied in a wide range of research fields. They are known to correlate with body mass, but their association with gene (protein) functions is poorly understood. In this study, we collected data on the metabolic rate and lifespan of various organisms and investigated the relationship of these parameters with their genomes. We showed that the proportion of genes in a functional category, but not genome size, was correlated with mass-specific metabolic rate and maximal lifespan. In particular, the proportion of genes in oxic reactions (which occur in the presence of oxygen) was significantly associated with these two biological parameters. Additionally, we found that temperature, taxonomy and mode-of-life traits had little effect on the observed associations. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering the biological functions of genes when investigating the relationships between genome, metabolic rate and lifespan. Moreover, this provides further insights into these relationships and may be useful for estimating metabolic rate and lifespan in individuals and the ecosystem using a combination of body mass measurements and genomic data.
Chemically Induced Fluorescence Switching of Carbon-Dots and Its Multiple Logic Gate Implementation
Authors: Dhenadhayalan Namasivayam , Lin King-Chuen 
Published: May 2015

AbstractInvestigations were carried out on the carbon-dots (C-dots) based fluorescent off - on (Fe3 + - S2O32−) and on - off (Zn2 + - PO43−) sensors for the detection of metal ions and anions. The sensor system exhibits excellent selectivity and sensitivity towards the detection of biologically important Fe3 + , Zn2 +  metal ions and S2O32−, PO43− anions. It was found that the functional group on the C-dots surface plays crucial role in metal ions and anions detection. Inspired by the sensing results, we demonstrate C-dots based molecular logic gates operation using metal ions and anions as the chemical input. Herein, YES, NOT, OR, XOR and IMPLICATION (IMP) logic gates were constructed based on the selection of metal ions and anions as inputs. This carbon-dots sensor can be utilized as various logic gates at the molecular level and it will show better applicability for the next generation of molecular logic gates. Their promising properties of C-dots may open up a new paradigm for establishing the chemical logic gates via fluorescent chemosensors.
Salicylate activates AMPK and synergizes with metformin to reduce the survival of prostate and lung cancer cells ex vivo through inhibition of de novo lipogenesis
Authors: O’Brien Andrew J. , Villani Linda A. , Broadfield Lindsay A. , Houde Vanessa P. , Galic Sandra , Blandino Giovanni , Kemp Bruce E. , Tsakiridis Theodoros , Muti Paola , Steinberg Gregory R. 
Published: May 2015

Aspirin, the pro-drug of salicylate, is associated with reduced incidence of death from cancers of the colon, lung and prostate and is commonly prescribed in combination with metformin in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Salicylate activates the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by binding at the A-769662 drug binding site on the AMPK β1-subunit, a mechanism that is distinct from metformin which disrupts the adenylate charge of the cell. A hallmark of many cancers is high rates of fatty acid synthesis and AMPK inhibits this pathway through phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). It is currently unknown whether targeting the AMPK–ACC-lipogenic pathway using salicylate and/or metformin may be effective for inhibiting cancer cell survival. Salicylate suppresses clonogenic survival of prostate and lung cancer cells at therapeutic concentrations achievable following the ingestion of aspirin (&lt;1.0 mM); effects not observed in prostate (PNT1A) and lung (MRC-5) epithelial cell lines. Salicylate concentrations of 1 mM increased the phosphorylation of ACC and suppressed de novo lipogenesis and these effects were enhanced with the addition of clinical concentrations of metformin (100 μM) and eliminated in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) deficient in AMPK β1. Supplementation of media with fatty acids and/or cholesterol reverses the suppressive effects of salicylate and metformin on cell survival indicating the inhibition of de novo lipogenesis is probably important. Pre-clinical studies evaluating the use of salicylate based drugs alone and in combination with metformin to inhibit de novo lipogenesis and the survival of prostate and lung cancers are warranted.
Rosuvastatin improves hepatopulmonary syndrome through inhibition of inflammatory angiogenesis of lung
Authors: Chang Ching-Chih , Wang Sun-Sang , Hsieh Hsian-Guey , Lee Wen-Shin , Chuang Chiao-Lin , Lin Han-Chieh , Lee Fa-Yauh , Lee Shou-Dong , Huang Hui-Chun 
Published: May 2015

The hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is characterized by hypoxia and increased intrapulmonary shunts in cirrhotic patients. Emerging evidence showed promising results of treating HPS by abolishment of intrapulmonary inflammation and angiogenesis. Rosuvastatin is a kind of 3-hydroxy-methyl-3-glutamyl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. In addition to lipid-lowering effects, it has anti-inflammation and anti-angiogenesis properties. We postulated that rosuvastatin treatment can ameliorate HPS. Common bile duct ligation (CBDL) was applied in an experimental HPS animal model. CBDL rats received 2-week rosuvastatin (20 mg/kg/day) treatments from the fifteenth day after operation. The haemodynamic data, blood gas analysis, liver biochemistries, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were examined after rosuvastatin treatment. The liver and lung tissues were dissected for histopathological studies and protein analyses. In the parallel groups, intrapulmonary shunts were determined. The haemodynamic and liver biochemistries were not changed after rosuvastatin treatment in CBDL rats, but the alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure gradient was significantly decreased, implying that HPS-induced hypoxia was reversed after rosuvastatin treatment. In addition, rosuvastatin treatment reduced intrapulmonary shunts and plasma levels of VEGF and TNF-α. Besides, the intrapulmonary protein expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-1,2 and Rho-associated A kinase were significantly down-regulated and the intrapulmonary angiogenesis was ameliorated. We concluded that rosuvastatin alleviates experimental HPS through blockade of pulmonary inflammatory angiogenesis via TNF-α/NF-κB and VEGF/Rho-associated A kinase pathways down-regulation.
Design and measurement of class EF2 power oscillator
Authors: Madureira H. , Deltimple N. , Kerherve E. , Dematos M. , Haddad S. 
Published: May 2015

A class EF2 power oscillator designed in standard 130 nm CMOS at 2.5 GHz frequency is presented. The oscillator relies on a direct path based on a power amplifier and a feedback path based on passive elements and an MOS varactor. Class EF2 is used to reduce voltage stress across the switch, enabling a higher output power for modern transistors with low breakdown voltage. The measurement on a class EF2 power oscillator at radio frequency (RF) is presented for the first time. The circuit achieves 17.65 dBm output power from a 2.5 V supply voltage with 27.1% DC‐RF efficiency and presents a 150 MHz tuning range. The measured phase noise is −101.6 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. The circuit was implemented in standard 130 nm CMOS technology and consumed a total area of 1.95 mm2. To the authors' knowledge this class EF2 power circuit has never been presented either at RF frequencies or in an integrated technology.
Modified Wilkinson power divider using coupled microstrip lines and shunt open‐ended stubs
Authors: Ahmed U.T. , Abbosh A.M. 
Published: May 2015

The design of a modified Wilkinson power divider for wideband applications is presented. Instead of using a T‐junction at the input port of the traditional design, the proposed divider uses broadside‐coupled microstrip to slotline configuration to extend the impedance matching bandwidth at the input port. Moreover, a coupled structure with two isolation resistors and two open‐ended stubs is used to enhance isolation and matching of the output ports across a wide band. The device has an overall dimension of 40 × 70 mm using the substrate Rogers RO4003 (dielectric constant = 3.38 and thickness = 0.508 mm). The simulated and experimental results show more than 100% fractional bandwidth assuming 16 dB of isolation and 10 dB of return loss as the reference. The device has equal power division between the two output ports with <0.2 dB amplitude imbalance and <2° phase imbalance across the band 1–3 GHz.
Optimised phase disposition pulse‐width modulation strategy for hybrid‐clamped multilevel inverters using switching state sequences
Authors: Ma Mingyao , He Xiangning , Cao Wenping , Song Xueguan , Ji Bing 
Published: May 2015

This study describes an optimised modulation strategy based on switching state sequences for the hybrid‐clamped multilevel converter. Two key control variables defined as ‘phase shift angle’ and ‘switching state change’ for a five‐level hybrid‐clamped inverter are proposed to improve all switches’ operation, and by changing their values, different control methods can be obtained for modulation optimisation purposes. Two example methods can solve the voltage imbalance problem of the dc‐link capacitors and furthermore avoid two switches’ simultaneous switching transitions and improve the inverter's performance as compared with the traditional phase disposition pulse‐width modulation strategy. A 6 kW prototype inverter is developed and a range of simulation and experiments are carried out for validation. It is found that simulation and experimental results are in a good agreement and the proposed modulation strategy is verified in terms of low‐order harmonic reduction.
Dynamics of appetite-mediated gene expression in daidzein-fed female rats in the meal-feeding method
Authors: Fujitani Mina , Mizushige Takafumi , Bhattarai Keshab , Iwahara Asami , Aida Ryojiro , Segawa Tomomi , Kishida Taro 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
We previously found that daidzein decreased food intake in female rats. The present study aimed to elucidate the relationship between dynamics of appetite-mediated neuropeptides and the anorectic effect of daidzein. We examined appetite-mediated gene expression in the hypothalamus and small intestine during the 3 meals per day feeding method. Daidzein had an anorectic effect specifically at the second feeding. Neuropeptide-Y (NPY) and galanin mRNA levels in the hypothalamus were significantly higher after feeding in the control but not in the daidzein group, suggesting that daidzein attenuated the postprandial increase in NPY and galanin expression. The daidzein group had higher corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) mRNA levels in the hypothalamus after feeding, and increased cholelcystokinin (CCK) mRNA levels in the small intestine, suggesting that CCK is involved in the hypothalamic regulation of this　anorectic effect. Therefore, daidzein may induce anorexia by suppressing expression of NPY and galanin and increasing expression of CRH in the hypothalamus.
IonGAP: integrative bacterial genome analysis for Ion Torrent sequence data
Authors: Baez-Ortega Adrian , Lorenzo-Diaz Fabian , Hernandez Mariano , Gonzalez-Vila Carlos Ignacio , Roda-Garcia Jose Luis , Colebrook Marcos , Flores Carlos 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Summary: We introduce IonGAP, a publicly available Web platform designed for the analysis of whole bacterial genomes using Ion Torrent sequence data. Besides assembly, it integrates a variety of comparative genomics, annotation and bacterial classification routines, based on the widely used FASTQ, BAM and SRA file formats. Benchmarking with different datasets evidenced that IonGAP is a fast, powerful and simple-to-use bioinformatics tool. By releasing this platform, we aim to translate low-cost bacterial genome analysis for microbiological prevention and control in healthcare, agroalimentary and pharmaceutical industry applications.
Availability and implementation: IonGAP is hosted by the ITER’s Teide-HPC supercomputer and is freely available on the Web for non-commercial use at http://iongap.hpc.iter.es.
Contact: mcolesan@ull.edu.es or cflores@ull.edu.es
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Treatment Options for Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infections
Authors: Morrill Haley J. , Pogue Jason M. , Kaye Keith S. , LaPlante Kerry L. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This article provides a comprehensive review of currently available treatment options for infections due to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). Antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative bacteria is an emerging and serious global public health threat. Carbapenems have been used as the “last-line” treatment for infections caused by resistant Enterobacteriaceae, including those producing extended spectrum ß-lactamases. However, Enterobacteriaceae that produce carbapenemases, which are enzymes that deactivate carbapenems and most other ß-lactam antibiotics, have emerged and are increasingly being reported worldwide. Despite this increasing burden, the most optimal treatment for CRE infections is largely unknown. For the few remaining available treatment options, there are limited efficacy data to support their role in therapy. Nevertheless, current treatment options include the use of older agents, such as polymyxins, fosfomycin, and aminoglycosides, which have been rarely used due to efficacy and/or toxicity concerns. Optimization of dosing regimens and combination therapy are additional treatment strategies being explored. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections are associated with poor outcomes and high mortality. Continued research is critically needed to determine the most appropriate treatment.
Sequencing of 15,622 gene-bearing BACs reveals new features of the barley genome
Authors: Muñoz-Amatriaín María , Lonardi S , Luo MC , Madishetty K , Svensson JT , Moscou MJ , Wanamaker S , Jiang T , Kleinhofs A , Muehlbauer GJ , Wise RP , Stein N , Ma Y , Rodriguez E , Kudrna D , Bhat PR , Chao S , Condamine P , Heinen S , Resnik J , Wing R , Witt HN , Alpert M , Beccuti M , Bozdag S , Cordero F , Mirebrahim H , Ounit R , Wu Y , You F , Zheng J , Šimková H , Doležel J , Grimwood J , Schmutz J , Duma D , Altschmied L , Blake T , Bregitzer P , Cooper L , Dilbirligi M , Falk A , Feiz L , Graner A , Gustafson P , Hayes PM , Lemaux P , Mammadov J , Close TJ 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBarley (Hordeum vulgareL.) possesses a large and highly repetitive genome of 5.1 Gb that has hindered the development of a complete sequence. In 2012, the International Barley Sequencing Consortium released a resource integrating whole-genome shotgun sequences with a physical and genetic framework. However, since only 6,278 BACs in the physical map were sequenced, detailed fine structure was limited. To gain access to the gene-containing portion of the barley genome at high resolution, we identified and sequenced 15,622 BACs representing the minimal tiling path of 72,052 physical mapped gene-bearing BACs. This generated about 1.7 Gb of genomic sequence containing 17,386 annotated barley genes. Exploration of the sequenced BACs revealed that although distal ends of chromosomes contain most of the gene-enriched BACs and are characterized by high rates of recombination, there are also gene-dense regions with suppressed recombination. Knowledge of these deviant regions is relevant to trait introgression, genome-wide association studies, genomic selection model development and map-based cloning strategies. Sequences and their gene and SNP annotations can be accessed and exported viahttp://harvest-web.org/hweb/utilmenu.wcor through the software HarvEST:Barley (download from harvest.ucr.edu). In the latter, we have implemented a synteny viewer between barley andAegilops tauschiito aid in comparative genome analysis.
Is there a demand for multi-year crop insurance?
Authors: Osipenko Maria , Shen Zhiwei , Odening Martin 
Published: May 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the aggregate demand for single- and multi-year crop insurance contracts and to discuss market potential for multi-year crop insurances.

Design/methodology/approach
– In this paper the authors develop a dynamic discrete choice model of insurance alternatives, in which single- and multi-year insurance contracts are offered to heterogeneous risk averse farmers. The farmers determine their insurances choices based on inter-temporal utilities.

Findings
– The results show that in a competitive insurance market with heterogeneous risk averse farmers, there is simultaneous demand for both insurance contracts. Moreover, the introduction of multi-year contracts enhances the market penetration of insurance products.

Research limitations/implications
– The effect of introducing multi-year crop insurance is moderate when applying the model to US corn production. In practice, however, the increase of insurance demand could be more pronounced because we did not consider marketing and administrative costs and thus ignore this cost reduction potential of multi-year insurance.

Originality/value
– This study adds to the literature analyzing the feasibility of multi-year crop insurance and also shows that there is market potential for multi-year crop insurance.
Modeling of ballistic-failure mechanisms in gas metal arc welds of mil a46100 armor-grade steel
Authors: Grujicic Mica , Ramaswami Subrahmanian , Snipes Jennifer , Galgalikar Rohan , Yavari Ramin , Yen Chian-Fong , Cheeseman Bryan , Montgomery Jonathan 
Published: May 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to discuss the recently developed multi-physics computational model for the conventional Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) joining process that has been upgraded with respect to its predictive capabilities regarding the spatial distribution of the mechanical properties controlling the ballistic limit (i.e. penetration resistance) of the weld.

Design/methodology/approach
– The original model consists of five modules, each dedicated to handling a specific aspect of the GMAW process, i.e.: electro-dynamics of the welding-gun; radiation-/convection-controlled heat transfer from the electric arc to the workpiece and mass transfer from the filler-metal consumable electrode to the weld; prediction of the temporal evolution and the spatial distribution of thermal and mechanical fields within the weld region during the GMAW joining process; the resulting temporal evolution and spatial distribution of the material microstructure throughout the weld region; and spatial distribution of the as-welded material mechanical properties. The model is upgraded through the introduction of the sixth module in the present work in recognition of the fact that in thick steel GMAW weldments, the overall ballistic performance of the armor may become controlled by the (often inferior) ballistic limits of its weld (fusion and heat-affected) zones.

Findings
– The upgraded GMAW process model is next applied to the case of butt-welding of MIL A46100 (a prototypical high-hardness armor-grade martensitic steel) workpieces using filler-metal electrodes made of the same material. The predictions of the upgraded GMAW process model pertaining to the spatial distribution of the material microstructure and ballistic-limit-controlling mechanical properties within the MIL A46100 butt-weld are found to be consistent with general expectations and prior observations.

Originality/value
– To the authors’ knowledge, the present work is the first reported attempt to establish, using computational modeling, functional relationships between the GMAW process parameters and the mechanical properties controlling the ballistic limit of the resulting weld.
A four-node membrane element model with bending modification for one-step algorithm for bus rollover impact
Authors: Na Jingxin , Wang Tong , Wu Changfeng , Yan Yakun 
Published: May 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to propose a new four-node membrane element model with bending modification based on the equilibrium principle of element nodal internal forces and bending moments for the application of the one-step algorithm for bus rollover collision. And it can be concluded whether the proposed four-node membrane element model has practical value in engineering application or not.

Design/methodology/approach
– Based on the equilibrium principle of element nodal internal forces and bending moments, the paper puts forward a four-node membrane element model with bending modification. A case study on the rollover of a typical bus body section is carried out by using the one-step algorithm for bus rollover collision to verify the effectiveness of the proposed element model.

Findings
– For the simulation of bus rollover collision, the computational accuracy can be guaranteed, meanwhile, the calculated amount is much smaller than the shell element, and computational efficiency is improved significantly.

Originality/value
– The proposed four-node membrane element model is used for the simulation of bus rollover collision for the first time. It holds the advantage of high computational efficiency of membrane element, and the computational accuracy is improved as well. In conclusion, it has some practical value in engineering application.