bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discrimination of pop‐up conditions according to PC usage situation for dissemination of business information
Authors: Matsumoto Toshiko , Onoyama Takashi , Akiyoshi Masanori 
Published: September 2012

AbstractRecently, the use of digital documents in companies has been increasing rapidly in number and must be assured. Pop‐up of business information according to the PC usage situation can achieve this goal. Two functions are required for it: One is to correctly discriminate the pop‐up conditions from the content of business‐use applications, and the other is to select suppression keywords from incorrect pop‐up documents. The suppression keywords should improve the true negative rate without a drop in recall. Based on observation of typical phrases and increases of the frequencies of characteristic phrases in the content of business‐use applications, we select suppression keywords according to their frequency in positive and negative cases and their occurrence in feedback documents. Our evaluation using three kinds of business information shows that the proposed method can achieve both a high true negative rate and a high recall, and can correctly discriminate pop‐up conditions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 95(10): 17–26, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.11401
Comparison of partial discharge resistance of several nanocomposites
Authors: Iizuka Tomonori , Tanaka Toshikatsu 
Published: September 2012

AbstractPartial discharge (PD) resistance was evaluated for several kinds of nanocomposites. The following experimental results were obtained. Epoxy is stronger in PD resistance than is polypropylene. But the enhancement of PD resistance by nanofiller addition is higher for polypropylene than for epoxy. Silica and alumina nanofillers exhibit stronger PD resistance than does layered silicate when they are added to epoxy resins. Coupling agents or modifiers will help increase PD resistance. A similar level of this effect can be obtained for either epoxy with 5 wt% added nanofiller or epoxy loaded with 65 wt% microfiller. Nano–micro composites are the strongest of all tested specimens as regards PD resistance. Both of these experimental facts can be understood based on the concept that shortening of the interparticle distance is effective for reducing PD erosion. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 182(1): 1–9, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21291
Optimal placement of SVRs considering multiple loads
Authors: Shiino Terukuni , Aoki Hidenori 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis paper presents a new approach to the optimal placement of a step voltage regulator (SVR) taking into consideration the installation of distributed generators (DG) based on a genetic algorithm (GA). In this case, it is necessary to solve problems such as the upper and lower limits for the voltage at each node and line capacity. In addition, given that the load and output of a distributed generator change, it is important to solve more than one of these problems. In order to solve these problems, the conventional genetic algorithm was improved and the proposed method was applied to the complex operating conditions of a distribution power system. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 182(1): 39–47, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21297
Development of a whole‐body haptic sensor with multiple supporting points and its application to a manipulator
Authors: Hanyu Ryosuke , Tsuji Toshiaki 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis paper proposes a whole‐body haptic sensing system that has multiple supporting points between the body frame and the end‐effector. The system consists of an end‐effector and multiple force sensors. Using this mechanism, the position of a contact force on the surface can be calculated without any sensor array. A haptic sensing system with a single supporting point structure has previously been developed by the present authors. However, the system has drawbacks such as low stiffness and low strength. Therefore, in this study, a mechanism with multiple supporting points was proposed and its performance was verified. In this paper, the basic concept of the mechanism is first introduced. Next, an evaluation of the proposed method, performed by conducting some experiments, is presented. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 182(1): 48‐56, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.22310
Effect of flame heat flux on thermal response and fire properties of char‐forming composite materials
Authors: Yu Ziqing , Zhou Aixi 
Published: September 2012

SUMMARYThis study evaluates the effect of flame heat flux on the prediction of thermal response and fire properties of a char‐forming composite material. A simplified two‐layer flame model was developed and incorporated into a heat transfer thermal model to predict the thermal response and fire reaction characteristics of a burning material. A typical char‐forming material, E‐glass reinforced polyester composite, was used in the study. A cone calorimeter was used to measure the fire reaction characteristics of the composite. The flame heat flux in a cone calorimeter test setup was estimated using the simplified flame model. Thermal response and fire property predictions with and without the effect of flame heat flux were compared with experimental data obtained from the cone calorimeter tests. Results showed that the average flame heat flux of the composite in a cone calorimeter was 19.1 ± 6 kW/m² from model predictions. The flame had a significant effect on the thermal response and fire properties of the composite around the first heat release peak but the effect decreased rapidly afterwards. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A review of the most economically important poisonous plants to the livestock industry on temperate grasslands of China
Authors: Zhao Mengli , Gao Xinlei , Wang Jing , He Xiaolei , Han Bing 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTThe majority of the literature on poisonous plant species in China is published in Chinese and not available to the majority of interested researchers and grassland managers in other countries. Therefore, a review of the Chinese literature was conducted to summarize the occurrence of poisonous plant species on temperate grasslands in China. We reviewed the literature to obtain general information on poisonous species but focus on locoweeds (Astragalus and Oxytropis spp.), drunken horse grass [Achnatherum inebrians (Hance) Keng ex Tzvelev] and langdu (Stellera chamaejasme L.) for information on their toxins, distribution and ecology, control methods and alternate uses. Of the almost 1300 poisonous species found on grasslands in China, these species are responsible for an estimated 80% of all livestock losses. This includes loss of performance as well as mortality. The locoweeds are a complex made up of Oxytropis and Astragalus species. The toxic principle in this complex, as well as in drunken horse grass, is the result of an endophyte fungus whereas in langdu it is produced by the plant. All these species are native to the grasslands, which suggest they have been a problem ever since herding began. Over that period of at least several millennia, herders would have learned and adapted to the presence of poisonous species. Strategies were developed and therapies employed to allow the animals to cope before and after poisoning. Nevertheless, grazing management could still be refined that would allow the use of the toxic legumes, while preventing poisonous symptoms, as has been tested elsewhere. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Low dose of carbon monoxide intraperitoneal injection provides potent protection against GalN/LPS‐induced acute liver injury in mice
Authors: Wen Zongmei , Liu Yan , Li Feng , Wen Tao 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTCarbon monoxide (CO) is an important effector‐signaling molecule involved in various pathophysiological processes. Here we investigated the protective effects of exogenous CO in a murine model of acute liver damage induced by d‐galactosamine (GalN) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Exogenous CO gas was administered to mice via intraperitoneal injection (first at a dose of 15 ml kg−1 and then, 6 h later, 8 ml kg−1), which caused a significant elevation of blood carboxyhemoglobin levels of up to 12–14% for more than 12 h. GalN/LPS were given to induce acute liver damage in mice 30 min prior to CO exposure. This showed that GalN/LPS induced severe liver injury in mice, whereas CO injection remarkably improved the survival rate of mice and led to attenuated hepatocellular damage. CO exhibited anti‐oxidative capabilities by inhibiting hepatic malondialdehyde contents and restoring superoxide dismutase and glutathione, as well as by reducing inducible NOS/NO production. The anti‐apoptotic and anti‐inflammatory effects of CO were substantial, characterized by a notable inhibition of hepatocyte apoptosis and a reduction of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in mice. Our findings thus supported the hypothesis that exogenous CO provides protective effects against acute liver damage in mice, mainly dependent on its anti‐oxidative, anti‐inflammatory and anti‐apoptotic properties. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Understanding small biomolecule‐biomaterial interactions: A review of fundamental theoretical and experimental approaches for biomolecule interactions with inorganic surfaces
Authors: Costa Dominique , Garrain Pierre‐Alain , Baaden Marc 
Published: September 2012

AbstractInteractions between biomolecules and inorganic surfaces play an important role in natural environments and in industry, including a wide variety of conditions: marine environment, ship hulls (fouling), water treatment, heat exchange, membrane separation, soils, mineral particles at the earth's surface, hospitals (hygiene), art and buildings (degradation and biocorrosion), paper industry (fouling) and more. To better control the first steps leading to adsorption of a biomolecule on an inorganic surface, it is mandatory to understand the adsorption mechanisms of biomolecules of several sizes at the atomic scale, that is, the nature of the chemical interaction between the biomolecule and the surface and the resulting biomolecule conformations once adsorbed at the surface. This remains a challenging and unsolved problem. Here, we review the state of art in experimental and theoretical approaches. We focus on metallic biomaterial surfaces such as TiO2 and stainless steel, mentioning some remarkable results on hydroxyapatite. Experimental techniques include atomic force microscopy, surface plasmon resonance, quartz crystal microbalance, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy, sum frequency generation and time of flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy. Theoretical models range from detailed quantum mechanical representations to classical forcefield‐based approaches. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2013.
Development of silver nanoparticle loaded antibacterial polymer mesh using plasma polymerization process
Authors: Kumar Virendra , Jolivalt Claude , Pulpytel Jerome , Jafari Reza , Arefi‐Khonsari Farzaneh 
Published: September 2012

AbstractPlasma polymerized polyacrylic acid (PPAA) was deposited on a polymer substrate, namely polyethylene terephthalate (PET) mesh, for entrapment of silver nanoparticle (Ag‐NP) in order to achieve antibacterial property to the material. Carboxylic groups of PPAA act as anchor as well as capping and stabilizing agents for Ag‐NPs synthesized by chemical reduction method using NaBH4 as a reducing agent. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and water contact angle analysis were used to characterize the PPAA coatings. The Ag‐NPs loaded polymer samples were characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray, and XPS techniques. XPS analysis showed ∼1.0 at.% loading of Ag‐NPs on to the PPAA‐PET‐mesh, which was composed of 79% zero‐valent (Ag°) and 21% oxidized nano‐Ag (Ag+). The plasma processed PET meshes samples were tested for antibacterial activity against two bacterial strains, namely Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram negative). Qualitative and quantitative tests showed that silver containing PPAA‐PET meshes exhibit excellent antibacterial property against the tested bacteria with percent reduction of bacterial concentration >99%, compared to the untreated PET mesh. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2013.
Relations frequency hypermatrices in mutual, conditional, and joint entropy‐based information indices
Authors: Barigye Stephen J. , Marrero‐Ponce Yovani , Martínez‐López Yoan , Torrens Francisco , Artiles‐Martínez Luis Manuel , Pino‐Urias Ricardo W. , Martínez‐Santiago Oscar 
Published: September 2012

AbstractGraph‐theoretic matrix representations constitute the most popular and significant source of topological molecular descriptors (MDs). Recently, we have introduced a novel matrix representation, named the duplex relations frequency matrix, F, derived from the generalization of an incidence matrix whose row entries are connected subgraphs of a given molecular graph G. Using this matrix, a series of information indices (IFIs) were proposed. In this report, an extension of F is presented, introducing for the first time the concept of a hypermatrix in graph‐theoretic chemistry. The hypermatrix representation explores the n‐tuple participation frequencies of vertices in a set of connected subgraphs of G. In this study we, however, focus on triple and quadruple participation frequencies, generating triple and quadruple relations frequency matrices, respectively. The introduction of hypermatrices allows us to redefine the recently proposed MDs, that is, the mutual, conditional, and joint entropy‐based IFIs, in a generalized way. These IFIs are implemented in GT‐STAF (acronym for Graph Theoretical Thermodynamic STAte Functions), a new module of the TOMOCOMD‐CARDD program. Information theoretic‐based variability analysis of the proposed IFIs suggests that the use of hypermatrices enhances the entropy and, hence, the variability of the previously proposed IFIs, especially the conditional and mutual entropy based IFIs. The predictive capacity of the proposed IFIs was evaluated by the analysis of the regression models, obtained for physico‐chemical properties the partition coefficient (Log P) and the specific rate constant (Log K) of 34 derivatives of 2‐furylethylene. The statistical parameters, for the best models obtained for these properties, were compared to those reported in the literature depicting better performance. This result suggests that the use of the hypermatrix‐based approach, in the redefinition of the previously proposed IFIs, avails yet other valuable tools beneficial in QSPR studies and diversity analysis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Exploring the energy landscapes of flexible molecular loops using higher‐dimensional continuation
Authors: Porta Josep M. , Jaillet Léonard 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe conformational space of a flexible molecular loop includes the set of conformations fulfilling the geometric loop‐closure constraints and its energy landscape can be seen as a scalar field defined on this implicit set. Higher‐dimensional continuation tools, recently developed in dynamical systems and also applied to robotics, provide efficient algorithms to trace out implicitly defined sets. This article describes these tools and applies them to obtain full descriptions of the energy landscapes of short molecular loops that, otherwise, can only be partially explored, mainly via sampling. Moreover, to deal with larger loops, this article exploits the higher‐dimensional continuation tools to find local minima and minimum energy transition paths between them, without deviating from the loop‐closure constraints. The proposed techniques are applied to previously studied molecules revealing the intricate structure of their energy landscapes. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electric field assisted oxygen removal from the basal plane of the graphitic material
Authors: Liu Hongguang , Lee Jin Yong 
Published: September 2012

AbstractWe provide a novel strategy to eliminate the epoxy group from the basal plane of graphene platelets. Given that the current reduction methods are unsatisfactory to clean the epoxides or sometimes cause undesirable structure deformations, the proposed strategy restores the original hexagonal carbon network without creating other new defects. To the best of our knowledge, the electric field mediated graphene oxide (GO) reduction has not yet been systematically investigated. The capability would permit the improvement of existing GO reduction methods and assist in the fabrication of high‐quality graphitic materials. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enzymatic hydrolysis from carbohydrates of barley straw pretreated by ionic liquids
Authors: Sáez F. , Ballesteros M. , Ballesteros I. , Manzanares P. , Oliva J. M. , Negro M. J. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Lignocellulosic biomass offers many potential advantages in comparison with the traditionally used sugars or starchy biomass since it is very widely available and does not compete with food and feed production. The abundance and high carbohydrates content of barley straw make it a good candidate for bioethanol production in Europe. Since biomass must be pretreated before enzymatic hydrolysis to improve the digestibility of both the cellulose and the hemicellulose biomass, the use of ionic liquids (IL) has been proposed as an environment‐friendly pretreatment of biomass.RESULTS: Different pretreatment conditions were investigated to determine the effects of the experimental conditions (temperature and time) on the enzymatic digestibility of pretreated material. The pretreatment of barley straw with 1‐ethyl‐3‐methyl imidazolium acetate treatment resulted in up to a 9‐fold increase in the cellulose conversion and a 13‐fold increase in the xylan conversion when compared with the untreated barley straw.CONCLUSION: Ionic liquid pretreatment of barley straw at 110°C for 30 min, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis, leads to a sugar yield of 53.5 g per 100 g raw material. It is then ready available for conversion into ethanol and is equivalent to more than 86% from potential sugars. The increase in saccharification was possible due to rupture of the lignin–hemicellulose linkages by treatment with 1‐ethyl‐3‐methyl imidazolium acetate. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Application of occupational therapy in the treatment of depression
Authors: Salo‐Chydenius Sisko 
Published: September 2012

AbstractDepression as a major social and public health problem is a challenge for clinicians and occupational therapists throughout the world. This theoretical paper is based on a literature review and the author's experience as an occupational therapist in mental health in Finland, working with severely long‐term depressed patients. The basic concepts of a cognitive–behavioural model are introduced and evaluated. The relationship of depression, mourning and suicide is discussed and a model for occupational therapy intervention acting.
A survey of Israeli occupational therapists' definitions of the profession
Authors: Sachs Dalia , Jarus Tal 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe broad definition of occupational therapy, its holistic basis and its unifying characteristics enable occupational therapists to treat their clients as whole human beings. Yet, the holistic basis of occupational therapy and the divergence of its specialty areas seem to be polarised. This study explores Israeli occupational therapists' perceptions of their professional role and boundaries, and how it is affected by professional background; 265 Israeli occupational therapists participated in the study. A two‐part questionnaire was constructed: (1) an attitudinal questionnaire including statements on issues that concern occupational therapists regarding the definition of the profession and its role; (2) nine items representing the main unifying characteristics of occupational therapy. Results indicate seven factors underlying the main issues concerning occupational therapists in Israel. From the seven factors two main sources of tension were revealed: strong sense of self‐value as compared to lack of recognition by others and the advantages and the pitfalls of the holistic definition of occupational therapy. The most unifying characteristic of occupational therapy was the holistic definition, and the least important was the use of arts and crafts. In addition, occupational therapists from developmental disabilities area of specialty were distinct from others in their perceptions of the profession.
The importance of inner transformation in the activity process
Authors: Piergrossi Julie Cunningham , Gibertoni Carolina 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe importance of the inner world of the patients in occupational therapy has not been studied in recent occupational therapy literature. The activity process in this paper is seen as a complex mixture of internal and external transformations which occur as part of the patient's relationship with the therapist. Pertinent psychoanalytic theories are reviewed and their usefulness to occupational therapy is described. Specific sequences of therapy sessions in two case examples are presented to illustrate the dynamics of the relationship of patient, therapist and activity, and to start to identify inner transformations during activity participation. The authors consider basic research on the meaning of activity as a fundamental part of the profession.
International development through educational linkages. I: A guide to a successful outcome
Authors: Brintnell E.S.G. , Madill H.M. , Tjandrakasuma H. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractEducational linkages are an important source of foreign aid to Asian countries. In this first of two articles, the authors' experiences with such a project form the background for a discussion of the factors that contributed to the outcome of the project: partner selection, strategic planning, balancing flexibility and accountability, and coping with differences in culture and values. Key concepts of ‘international development’ and ‘sustainability’ are introduced. In the second article, the focus is on curriculum development and implementing educational standards of the World Federation of Occupational Therapy (WFOT). The information and experiences shared in these articles may be useful to those embarking on similar projects.
International development through educational linkages. II: Implementing WFOT educational standards
Authors: Madill H.M. , Brintnell E.S.G. , Nelson C.L.A. , Tjandrakasuma H. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractEducational linkages are an important source of foreign aid to Asian countries. In the second of these two articles, the focus is on curriculum development and implementing educational standards of the World Federation of Occupational Therapy (WFOT). The information and experiences shared in these articles may be useful to those embarking on similar projects.