bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of overweight and obesity among medical students and their knowledge, attitude and practices about obesity
Authors: Deotale Manjusha Kashinath , Ranganathan U. , Akarte S. V. 
Published: June 2015

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Overweight and obesity are recognized as an “escalating epidemic” affecting both developed and developing countries. Obesity is associated with a large number of debilitating and life- threatening disorders such as cardiovascular, metabolic and other non-communicable diseases. The childhood roots of adult obesity are widely recognized which calls for health promotion targeted at youth. Objectives: 1) To study the prevalence of obesity among medical students 2) To assess their knowledge, attitude and practices about obesity. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross sectional study was conducted among 300 medical students from all batches of MBBS course i.e. Ist, IInd, IIIrd and final MBBS in Feb 2009 to March 2009 in Grant medical college Mumbai. A predesigned and pretested questionnaire was used as data collection tool and height and weight were measured and BMI was calculated.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Majority (52%) were in the age group of 18-20. 61% were males and 39% were female. 25% (75) were day scholars and 75% were hostellers. When assessed about knowledge about obesity, 100% students scored 50% and above. Majority of them had positive attitude but lack of appropriate behaviour and practices. Prevalence of overweight and obesity according to WHO classification was 14.7% and 3% respectively and according to<strong> </strong>Asia-Pacific guidelines it was 9.3% and 18.4% respectively.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Promotion of daily physical activity in the form of outdoor games, Yoga, walking are recommended. Nutritional education on dietary practices and life style change should be built in as supporting educational activity during student years. </p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Obesity, Knowledge, Attitude, Practices, Medical students</p>
Diagnosis and management of congenital epulis of new-born: a rare case report and literature review
Authors: Ottoman Bacem A. E. 
Published: June 2015

<p class="abstract">The congenital epulis of new-born is a rare disease of idiopathic etiology and lineage. The literature recorded spontaneous regression of some cases. This finding rendered skeptical questions about its neoplastic nature and posed some speculations about hormonal influences, towards the end of pregnancy, on the growth of the lesion. No malignant potential has been ever reported. Surgery is indicated if the lesion grossly interferes with breast feeding. This paper reports an established diagnosis of congenital epulis of new-born, which was excised surgically with no evidence of recurrence hitherto. </p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Congenital epulis, Neonatal lesions, Mucosal swellings, Pediatric oncology</p>
An unreported variant of fracture neck femur: a case report
Authors: Dharmshaktu Ganesh Singh 
Published: June 2015

<p class="abstract">Fracture neck femur is common but ‘unsolved’ injury. Despite many classifications certain fractures do not fit into well recognized patterns or classifications. We report an unreported variation of the intraoperatively detected fracture. The fracture consisted of a subcapital fracture with a long intramedullary spike along the neck of femur attached to proximal segment. The patient was managed accordingly with good functional outcome. </p><p class="keywords"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Keywords: </span></strong>Fracture neck femur, Classification, Management, Hip trauma<strong></strong></p>
A composição social importa para os efeitos das escolas no ensino fundamental?
Authors: Xavier Flavia Pereira , Alves Maria Teresa Gonzaga 
Published: June 2015

O artigo analisa o efeito das escolas públicas brasileiras de ensino fundamental para o aprendizado de seus alunos, considerando o contexto socioeconômico e a composição do alunado por gênero e raça. Os alunos foram distribuídos em três níveis de proficiência: insuficiente, básico e adequado. Os que estão no nível insuficiente são considerados excluídos, uma vez que o seu direito à educação não é atendido. Utilizaram-se os dados de 2007, 2009 e 2011 da Prova Brasil. Os principais resultados indicam que os efeitos das escolas para a retirada dos alunos da exclusão e para sua promoção ao nível adequado de aprendizagem estão associados às características de composição social dessas escolas em termos de raça e gênero, independentemente do nível socioeconômico médio da escola. Tal composição também afeta as chances individuais de os alunos serem retirados da exclusão e promovidos ao nível de adequação.
Potential impacts of uv exposure on lichen communities: a pilot study of
nothofagus dombeyi
trunks in southernmost chile
Authors: Trest Marie T. , Will-wolf Susan , Keuler Rachel , Shay Nathaniel , Hill Karen , Studer Alyssa , Muench Andy , Alexander Zachary , Adams Axel , Dittberner Leah , Feehan Martin , Lee Hannah , Galleguillos-katz Nicholas , Zedler Joy B. , Graham Linda , Arancibia-avila Patricia 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

High‐latitude terrestrial ecosystems face the triple threats of climate warming, increased exposure to UV arising from polar ozone depletion, and deforestation. Lichen communities of southernmost Chile are recognized for their high diversity, which includes nitrogen‐fixing cyanolichens. Such lichens are common on forest trees, contribute nitrogen to forests, and are sensitive to exposure following deforestation (widespread in this region). In a pilot study of exposure effects on tree lichens, using nondestructive imaging methods, we compared lichen communities on trunks of isolated vs. forest tree trunks of southern Chilean beech (
Nothofagus dombeyi
, Nothofagaceae). We chose trees of similar diameter and trunk lean angle in conserved forest and nearby logged meadow on Navarino Island, XII Region Magallanes and Chilean Antarctica, Chile, within the annual southern ozone hole. Ninety‐five percent of cyanolichen records, including
Nephroma antarcticum
, and 66% of records for other foliose lichens were from the forest, whereas pendulous usneoid lichens dominated
N. dombeyi
bark at the meadow site. Limitation of cyanolichen growth on isolated trees could affect ecosystem function in this poorly studied habitat. Possible factors contributing to strong community differences were increased light intensity, UV radiation, and wind stress, plus limited ability of lichens to colonize isolated trees in the logged meadow. UV radiation was likely an important stressor for some lichen species but not others. We recommend more extensive monitoring to pinpoint causes of differing lichen communities, and we encourage better protection of bark‐dwelling lichens in southern hemisphere regions facing multiple threats.
Branding “the Bay/la Baie”: Corporate Identity, the Hudson's Bay Company, and the Burden of History in the 1960s
Authors: Opp James 
Published: June 2015

Abstract: In 1965, the Hudson's Bay Company (hbc) unveiled “the Bay/la Baie” as the primary corporate identifier for its urban retail stores in Canada. At the same time, the company was also preparing to celebrate its 300th anniversary in 1970. Rather than viewing the “modern” Bay in opposition to the historical name, this article argues that competing regional historical sensibilities were central to the redesign of the company's corporate image. Following the company's merger with the Montreal-based Morgan's department stores in 1960, the hbc found itself navigating the historical attachments of its western base, the nationalist aspirations of Quebec, and the indifference of metropolitan Ontario. By drawing together corporate discussions around design, typeface, marketing, historical displays, and a commemorative film produced by Christopher Chapman, this article explores the image worlds assembled by the hbc to bridge multiple identities. It also analyzes how historical consciousness itself became an object of study for the company in trying to understand and predict consumer behaviour. The tensions and debates around corporate identity and the 1970 tercentenary point to the significance of visual aesthetics in the evocation and erasure of particular histories in the 1960s.
Onontio Gives Birth: How the French in Canada Became Fathers to Their Indigenous Allies, 1645–73
Authors: Cook Peter 
Published: June 2015

Abstract: As recent scholarship has recognized, kinship is at the heart of Indigenous visions of law and alliance. This article explores an important shift in the kin metaphors used in intercultural alliances and treaty making in seventeenth-century eastern Canada. At the beginning of this period, Indigenous peoples and French colonizers described their relationship as an alliance of brothers. By the end of the century, the governor in Quebec was ritually addressed as a father by First Nations allied to the French. This new metaphor would outlive the French regime and endure for another two centuries as a key symbol in British–Indigenous relations. Scholars have generally attributed the paternal status of French (and, later, British) royal representatives in the alliance to the insistence of patriarchally minded Europeans, but, in fact, the notion of French fatherhood originated with Mohawk and Onondaga leaders as early as the 1640s as a corollary of their efforts to establish an alliance with the French. Only later was the new kin metaphor embraced by King Louis XIV's colonial representatives as an expression of absolutist power, subject to the approval of Indigenous nations who held their own opinions about the obligations of fathers toward their children.
Defenders of Empire or Agents of Ruin? Hebridean Scot Colonies In British Columbia in the 1920s
Authors: Forest Timothy S. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract: In 1924, the government of British Columbia submitted to the British authorities a proposal that aimed to resettle what it hoped would be thousands of Scottish crofters from the Outer Hebrides of Scotland to work in its fisheries, taking advantage of funding made available by the recently passed Empire Settlement Act (ESA) of 1922. Ostensibly, the province endeavoured to provide a better life for a loyal, yet long-suffering, “British” population, to improve the filial imperial ties that were starting to fray following the First World War, to provide the fishing industry with “white” “British” workers to displace its largely Asian workforce, and to introduce a “martial race” to defend its shores. Yet, this scheme was abandoned in late 1925. In private, officials in Canada doubted that the Hebrideans could ever be rehabilitated, as the scheme and the ESA envisioned. Employers saw the Hebrideans as effete and lazy rather than as ready-made militiamen and continued to employ the Asians who they saw as superior workers. Labourers feared that the Hebrideans would undercut their wages and lower their elevated status as “white” and “British,” one that they and the province had carefully cultivated since its foundation. Lastly, the liminal status of the Hebridean Scots reflected and was part of the broader ambivalence of Canada's place in the evolving British Empire/Commonwealth of the 1920s, one that embraced the imperial tie yet also oftentimes sought greater autonomy from it.
Twists, Turning Points, and Tall Shoulders: Studying Canada and Feminist Family Histories
Authors: Bradbury Bettina 
Published: June 2015

Abstract: In this article, Bettina Bradbury reflects on how she became a feminist family historian in Canada. She relates the historical twists that led her to leave New Zealand with a Bachelor of Arts in English and sociology, undertake a Master of Arts in history at Simon Fraser, and then complete a Doctor of Philosophy in history at Concordia University. She attributes her contributions to history and women's studies to the importance of feminist mentors and pioneers and links her changing interests as a historian to the epistemological shifts of the last three decades and to turning points in her own life.
Subacute intestinal obstruction by a giant ileal lipoma treated by endoscopic removal
Authors: Amey Sonavane , Pravin Rathi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWith the advancement in endoscopic procedures, lipomas of the terminal ileum can be treated with techniques such as snare polypectomy, endoscopic unroofing, and endoscopic submucosal dissection. A case of successful removal of an ileal lipoma causing repetitive ileocolic intussusceptions through the ileocecal valve using endoscopic snare polypectomy by cap-assisted colonoscopy was recently reported. We report a case of successful colonoscopic polypectomy of a giant (3.0 cm × 3.0 cm × 1.0 cm) ileal lipoma causing recurrent subacute intestinal obstruction. After careful review of literature, this was the first case where polypectomy of a lipoma of this size was successfully attempted.
Omental infarction following colonoscopy
Authors: Gangemi Antonio , Durrani Aqsa , Boulay Brian R. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractDiagnosis of omental infarction, while rare, has become increasingly common likely due to improvements in diagnostic imaging. Reported incidence of omental infarction varies; however, omental infarction has not yet been described in association with colonoscopy. Common complications of colonoscopy include complications of sedation, complications of bowel preparation, and bleeding following polypectomy, and rarely, perforation or infection. We describe herein a case of a 63-year-old female who developed acute right lower quadrant abdominal pain following a colonoscopy. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan revealed omental infarction in the right lower quadrant. Conservative management was employed, and the patient was observed for resolution of symptoms. Repeat abdominal CT scan 2 weeks following initial presentation showed resolution of inflammatory changes associated with omental infarction. The patient also improved clinically. Omental infarction should be considered in patients presenting with acute abdominal pain following colonoscopy.
Survey of cytopathologists and cytotechnologists for the clinical impact of the use of atypia or follicular lesion of undetermined significance
Authors: Nassar Aziza , Reynolds Jordan P. , Kerr Sarah E. , Jenkins Sarah M. , Lackore Kandace A. , Bernet Victor 
Published: June 2015

Background:The cytologic diagnosis of atypia of undetermined significance or follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) is controversial because of variation in how it is applied in practice, as well as uncertainty about patient management. We aimed to assess the percentage of thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs) with AUS/FLUS diagnoses in different North American and European practice settings (e.g. community, academic, etc.), assess whether patients were managed according to current guidelines, and determine patient outcomes.Materials and Methods:A detailed questionnaire survey was posted in secure websites used separately by cytopathologists and cytotechnologists. The questionnaire was posted from August 1 through December 31, 2013.Results:Endocrinologists and cytopathologists performed 51.7% and 37.1% of thyroid FNABs, respectively. The Bethesda reporting system for thyroid FNAB was used in 90% of practices. The rate of AUS/FLUS varied widely among institutions, with 46.1% of represented institutions reporting AUS/FLUS rates of 3–10%. The median follow-up rate of patients with an initial AUS/FLUS diagnosis was 70% (range, 10–100%). For the majority of represented institutions (86.4%), patients with initial AUS/FLUS diagnosis had follow-up with endocrinologists. Of repeat AUS/FLUS thyroid FNABs, a median of 52% was considered benign, and 18% were suspicious of or positive for malignancy (median, 10% and 7.5%, respectively).Conclusions:Reporting of the AUS/FLUS category varied widely among different institutions. The median follow-up rate was lower than published guidelines. The most common follow-up diagnosis was benign thyroid nodule. Improved standardization of cytologic criteria should be adopted to reduce such variation.
On the Continued Fraction Expansion of Fixed Period in Finite Fields
Authors: Benamar Hela , Chandoul Amara , Mkaouar M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe Chowla conjecture states that if t is any given positive integer, there are infinitely many prime positive integers N such that Per() = t, where Per() is the period length of the continued fraction expansion for . C. Friesen proved that, for any k ∈ ℕ, there are infinitely many square-free integers N, where the continued fraction expansion of has a fixed period. In this paper, we describe all polynomials for which the continued fraction expansion of has a fixed period. We also give a lower bound of the number of monic, non-squares polynomials Q such that deg Q = 2d and Per =t.
Overheidsstichting of gesubsidieerde stichting?
Authors: Sybesma Jeff 
Published: June 2015

Overheidsstichting of gesubsidieerde stichting?
De Curaçaose overheid kent zogenaamde overheidsinstellingen. Dit zijn instellingen die op afstand zijn gezet van het bestuur doch waar, simpel gezegd, de overheid nog wel (gedeeltelijk) zeggenschap in en over heeft. Overheidsinstellingen kunnen worden onderscheiden in overheids-nv’s en overheidsstichtingen. Ten aanzien van de eerste groep, de overheids-nv’s, is al veel geschreven mede in de context van de Verordening corporate governance en in hoeverre de overheidsinvloed botst met de doelstellingen van de naamloze vennootschap. Over overheidsstichtingen is daarentegen nauwelijks geschreven. De overheid heeft echter recentelijk alle in haar ogen als overheidsstichting aan te merken stichtingen aangeschreven met de opdracht dat zij hun statuten in lijn dienen te brengen met de door de overheid opgestelde modelstatuten. Dit artikel gaat dieper in op deze materie, waarbij tevens aan bod komt de overheidsstichting in relatie tot de overheid en hoe dit zich verhoudt met gesubsidieerde stichtingen.
10 jaar nieuw erfrecht en de legitieme portie
Authors: Mellema-Kranenburg T.J. 
Published: June 2015

10 jaar nieuw erfrecht en de legitieme portie
Na tien jaar erfrechtrecht is het de vraag of de regeling van de legitieme portie niet aan heroverweging toe is. Argumenten daarvoor zouden kunnen zijn de maatschappelijke veranderingen, maar ook de gecompliceerdheid van bepaalde onderdelen uit de regelingen. In deze bijdrage wordt een inventarisatie hiervan gemaakt.
10 jaar nieuw erfrecht en de fiscaliteit
Authors: Schols B.M.E.M. 
Published: June 2015

10 jaar erfrecht en de fiscaliteit. ‘Niet meer inhoudelijk overeenkomen met?’
In deze bijdrage beschrijft de auteur de fiscale perikelen die het Nederlandse keuzetestament, in het bijzonder de quasi-wettelijke verdeling, de afgelopen tien jaar heeft doorgemaakt, alsmede de huidige stand van zaken. De rode draad van het verhaal is de vraag in hoeverre het keuzetestament nog ‘inhoudelijk moet overeenkomen met’ de wettelijke verdeling. Dit was het geval voor defiscalisatie in de inkomstenbelasting en voor de ventieltechniek in de Successiewet. Fiscaal is dit thans echter geen must meer, maar dat neemt niet weg dat de praktijk om praktische redenen inhoudelijk zal blijven overeenkomen met de wettelijke verdeling. De auteur geeft ook aan dat art. 10 SW 1956 in beginsel niet van toepassing is op de langstlevendentestamenten. Ook komt de fiscale hype rond het Radartestament aan bod. De auteur geeft aan dat de reden dat er zo veel fiscaal creatieve testamenten worden gemaakt, is gelegen in het afnemen van de kracht van de legitieme portie onder nieuw erfrecht. Hierdoor heeft bijvoorbeeld het fiscale fenomeen ‘afvullegaat’ zich kunnen ontwikkelen.
Marcel Dupré's “Dark Years”: Unveiling His Occupation-Period Concertizing
Authors: Cavanagh Lynn 
Published: June 2015

Examination of organist Marcel Dupré’s collected concert programs reveals that, of 137 he performed during the German occupation, 14 bear signs of funding by the German Embassy or the military government’s Propaganda Department. Dupré, though, would have participated in good conscience out of personal pride in France’s musical past. Post-Liberation punishments of French musicians who “collaborated with the enemy” were applied so inconsistently as to explain why he thereafter suppressed the extent and nature of his Occupation-period concertizing. This fuller picture of his activities potentially sheds light on his Second World War–period compositions, particularlyÉvocation,op. 37.
Seletividade de herbicidas residuais e da mistura com glyphosate aplicados após a poda da mandioca ‘Fécula Branca’
Authors: Costa Neumarcio Vilanova da , Arrúa Milciades Melgarejo , Sontag Daniel Adriano , Andrade Devair Carlos de , Duarte Junior José Barbosa 
Published: June 2015

As variedades de mandioca (Manihot esculenta L. Crantz) destinadas para a indústria de fecularia geralmente são podadas no período de repouso fisiológico das plantas, sendo necessária a adoção de práticas de manejo das plantas daninhas para evitar a competição no segundo ciclo de desenvolvimento da cultura. Diante do exposto, o objetivo foi avaliar a seletividade de herbicidas pré-emergentes e da mistura destes com glyphosate em aplicações após a poda da mandioca 'Fécula Branca'. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos avaliados foram: glyphosate (720 g ha-1), carfentrazone (25 g ha-1), chlorimuron-ethyl (10 g ha-1), clomazone (1.080 g ha-1), flumioxazin (83 g ha-1), metribuzin (480 g ha-1) metsulfuron-methyl (2,4 g ha-1), glyphosate + carfentrazone (720 + 25 g ha-1), glyphosate + chlorimuron-ethyl (720 + 10 g ha-1), glyphosate + clomazone (720 + 1.080 g ha-1), glyphosate + flumioxazin (720 + 83 g ha-1), glyphosate + metribuzin (720 + 480 g ha-1), glyphosate + metsulfuron-methyl (720 + 2,4 g ha-1), além de uma testemunha sem aplicação. Avaliou-se a porcentagem de fitointoxicação, altura de planta, produtividade de raízes e o teor de fécula da mandioca. Os herbicidas aplicados isolados e em mistura não causaram sintomas de fitointoxicação nas plantas de mandioca após a aplicação. Os herbicidas aplicados isolados e em mistura não reduziram a altura de planta, produtividade de raízes e o teor de fécula da mandioca em relação à testemunha sem aplicação. Conclui-se que a aplicação isolada dos herbicidas residuais e da mistura com glyphosate apresentaram-se seletivos, quando aplicados após a poda das plantas de mandioca 'Fécula Branca'.
Sharp mantle transition from cratons to Cordillera in southwestern Canada
Authors: Gu Yu Jeffrey , Zhang Yuanyin , Sacchi Mauricio D. , Chen Yunfeng , Contenti Sean 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe Western Canada Sedimentary Basin marks the transition from the old North American continental lithosphere to young accreted terranes. Earlier studies in this region have suggested a large number of intricate basement domains as well as major seismic velocity gradients in the mantle. To investigate the effect of the accretion and subduction on the mantle structure beneath the western margin of the North American Craton, we analyze P‐to‐S converted waves from upper mantle discontinuities from the Canadian Rockies and Alberta Network, a regional broadband seismic array based in Alberta, Canada. The depths of the 410 and 660 km seismic discontinuities are correlated and, on average, are 9 km and 7 km greater than their respective global estimates. The largest depression is observed beneath the Rocky Mountain foreland belt in southern Alberta, which highlights a steep southward/westward structural gradient from the cratons to Cordillera at lithospheric mantle depths. The severity of the depressions, especially in the southernmost Alberta, may be triggered by diffuse partial melt or increased water content above the 410 km discontinuity. This result is corroborated by locally increased impedance contrast across the 410 km discontinuity and a strongly depressed 660 km discontinuity. A relic Mesozoic slab fragment may be partially responsible for the deep olivine phase boundary at the base of the upper mantle.