bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Curcumin improves hypoxia induced dysfunctions in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes by protecting mitochondria and down regulating inflammation
Authors: Priyanka Ariyapalli , Anusree Sasidharan Suseela , Nisha Vijayakumar Marykutty , Raghu Kozhiparambil Gopalan 
Published: August 2014

AbstractObesity induced metabolic syndrome is increasing worldwide at an alarming rate. It is characterized by excessive expansion of white adipose tissue which leads to hypoxia and impairs normal metabolism. Recent studies reveal that hypoxia could be one of the factors for inflammation, insulin resistance and other obesity related complications. There is a high demand for anti‐obese phytoceuticals to control and manage the complications resulting from obesity. In this study, we investigated how hypoxia affect the physiological functions of 3T3‐L1 adipocytes emphasizing on oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial functions. We also evaluated the protective role of various doses of curcumin, a well‐known dietary antioxidant, on hypoxia induced alterations. The results revealed that hypoxia significantly altered the vital parameters of adipocyte biology like HIF 1α expression (103.47% ↑), lactate, and glycerol release (184.34% and 69.1% ↑, respectively), reactive oxygen species production (432.53% ↑), lipid and protein oxidation (376.6% and 566.6% ↑, respectively), reduction in antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) status, secretion of inflammatory markers (TNF α, IL 6, IL 1β, and IFN γ), and mitochondrial functions (mitochondrial mass, membrane potential, permeability transition pore integrity, and superoxide generation). Curcumin substantially protected adipocytes from toxic effects of hypoxia in a dose dependent manner by protecting mitochondria and down regulating inflammation. Acriflavine is used as a positive control. A detailed investigation is required for the development of curcumin as an effective nutraceutical against obesity. © 2014 BioFactors, 40(5):513–523, 2014
Bioactive nanoparticles stimulate bone tissue formation in bioprinted three‐dimensional scaffold and human mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Gao Guifang , Schilling Arndt F. , Yonezawa Tomo , Wang Jiang , Dai Guohao , Cui Xiaofeng 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBioprinting based on thermal inkjet printing is a promising but unexplored approach in bone tissue engineering. Appropriate cell types and suitable biomaterial scaffolds are two critical factors to generate successful bioprinted tissue. This study was undertaken in order to evaluate bioactive ceramic nanoparticles in stimulating osteogenesis of printed bone marrow‐derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) scaffold. hMSCs suspended in PEGDMA were co‐printed with nanoparticles of bioactive glass (BG) and hydroxyapatite (HA) under simultaneous polymerization so the printed substrates were delivered with highly accurate placement in three‐dimensional (3D) locations. hMSCs interacted with HA showed the highest cell viability (86.62 ± 6.02%) and increased compressive modulus (358.91 ± 48.05 kPa) after 21 days in culture among all groups. Biochemical analysis showed the most collagen production and highest alkaline phosphatase activity in PEG‐HA group, which is consistent with gene expression determined by quantitative PCR. Masson's trichrome staining also showed the most collagen deposition in PEG‐HA scaffold. Therefore, HA is more effective comparing to BG for hMSCs osteogenesis in bioprinted bone constructs. Combining with our previous experience in vasculature, cartilage, and muscle bioprinting, this technology demonstrates the capacity for both soft and hard tissue engineering with biomimetic structures.
Solid support membrane‐aerated catalytic biofilm reactor for the continuous synthesis of (S)‐styrene oxide at gram scale
Authors: Halan Babu , Letzel Thomas , Schmid Andreas , Buehler Katja 
Published: August 2014

AbstractCatalytic biofilms minimize reactant toxicity and maximize biocatalyst stability in selective transformations of chemicals to value‐added products in continuous processes. The scaling up of such catalytic biofilm processes is challenging, due to fluidic and biological parameters affording a special reactor design affecting process performance. A solid support membrane‐aerated biofilm reactor was optimized and scaled‐up to yield gram amounts of (S)‐styrene oxide, a toxic and instable high value chemical synthon. A sintered stainless steel membrane unit was identified as an optimal choice as biofilm substratum and for high oxygen mass transfer. A stable expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane was best suited for in situ substrate delivery and product extraction. For the verification of scalability, catalytic biofilms of Pseudomonas sp. strain VLB120ΔC produced (S)‐styrene oxide to an average concentration of 390 mM in the organic phase per day (equivalent to 24.4 g Laq–1 day–1). This productivity was gained by efficiently using the catalyst with an excellent product yield on biomass of 13.6 gproduct gbiomass–1. This product yield on biomass is in the order of magnitude reported for other continuous systems based on artificially immobilized biocatalysts and is fulfilling the minimum requirements for industrial biocatalytic processes. Overall, 46 g of (S)‐styrene oxide were produced and isolated (purity: 99%; enantiomeric excess [ee]: >99.8%. yield: 30%). The productivity is in a similar range as in comparable small‐scale biofilm reactors highlighting the large potential of this methodology for continuous bioprocessing of bulk chemicals and biofuels.
The validity and clinical utility of the Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument – version 2 (MAYSI‐2) in the UK
Authors: Lennox Charlotte , O'Malley Kate , Bell Vicky , Shaw Jenny , Dolan Mairead 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument – version 2 (MAYSI‐2) is designed to assist in identifying the mental health needs of young people admitted to secure establishments. To date, very few studies have assessed the MAYSI‐2 outside the USA.AimsThis study aimed to assess the validity and clinical utility of the MAYSI‐2 in England.MethodsBoys newly admitted into one large young offenders' institution, were consecutively interviewed individually and completed the MAYSI‐2, the Youth Self Report (YSR), which capture similar syndrome scales – and the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K‐SADS), which allows for making psychiatric diagnoses.ResultsTwo hundred and six boys, of average age 16.5 years, completed all assessments. According to the K‐SADS, co‐morbidity of psychiatric disorders was high (80% of the sample). The MAYSI‐2 showed good convergent validity but poorer discriminant validity with the YSR. The MAYSI‐2 and YSR corresponded with both conceptually and non‐conceptually relevant diagnostic domains.ConclusionsThe poor ability of the MAYSI‐2 and YSR to discriminate and specify disorders is likely to reflect the high rates of co‐morbidity. The fact that 90% of the participants reached the caution cut‐off for any scale on the MAYSI‐2, while suggesting its limited use as a screening tool for this sample, is probably best reflective of the high levels of psychopathology of incarcerated young people in England and Wales since particular efforts to divert as many as possible from custody. A more holistic and comprehensive approach to assessing health needs on admission into custody may be necessary for such a population. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Ratio of High‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol to Apolipoprotein A‐I Predicts Myocardial Injury Following Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Li Xiao‐Lin , Li Jian‐Jun , Guo Yuan‐Lin , Zhu Cheng‐Gang , Qing Ping , Wu Na‐Qiong , Xu Bo , Gao Run‐Lin 
Published: August 2014

BackgroundHigh‐density lipoprotein (HDL) has cardioprotective properties. Each HDL particle has a few molecules of apolipoprotein A‐I (apoA‐I) and carries various amounts of cholesterol. The ratio of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) to apoA‐I may reflect mean HDL particle size.HypothesisHDL‐C/apoA‐I ratio may provide more information than HDL‐C and apoA‐I in predicting myocardial injury following elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 2529 consecutive patients who underwent elective PCI and assessed the relationships of preprocedural HDL‐C, apoA‐I, and their ratio with peak cardiac troponin I (cTnI) within 24 hours after PCI.ResultsNeither HDL‐C nor apoA‐I levels showed significant association with postprocedural cTnI elevation, whereas HDL‐C/apoA‐I ratio was associated with postprocedural cTnI elevation above 3 up to 30 × upper limit of normal (ULN), with the lowest risk in the middle quintile (all P values for quadratic term were <0.05). Adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of postprocedural cTnI >3 × ULN for quintile 1 to 5 of HDL‐C/apoA‐I ratio were: 1 (reference), 0.81 (0.62‐1.07), 0.57 (0.43‐0.75), 0.65 (0.49‐0.85), and 0.76 (0.58–1.01), respectively, and the adjusted odds ratios of postprocedural cTnI >30 × ULN for quintile 1 to 5 of HDL‐C/apoA‐I ratio were: 1 (reference), 0.81 (0.49‐1.361), 0.42 (0.23‐0.77), 0.66 (0.38‐1.14), and 0.82 (0.49‐1.38), respectively.ConclusionsThere was a U‐shaped association between HDL‐C/apoA‐I ratio and myocardial injury following PCI.
Total Serum Transforming Growth Factor‐β1 Is Elevated in the Entire Spectrum of Genetic Aortic Syndromes
Authors: Hillebrand Mathias , Millot Nathalie , Sheikhzadeh Sara , Rybczynski Meike , Gerth Sabine , Kölbel Tilo , Keyser Britta , Kutsche Kerstin , Robinson Peter N. , Berger Jürgen , Mir Thomas S. , Zeller Tanja , Blankenberg Stefan , von Kodolitsch Yskert , Goldmann Britta 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTBackgroundTotal serum transforming growth factor‐beta 1 (tsTGF‐β1) is increased in patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS), but it has not been assessed in thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD), Loeys‐Dietz syndrome (LDS), and bicuspid aortic valve disease (BAVD).HypothesistsTGF‐β1 is increased in genetic aortic syndromes including TAAD, LDS, MFS, and BAVD.MethodsWe measured tsTGF‐β1 and performed sequencing of the genes FBN1, TGFBR1, and TGFBR2 in 317 consecutive patients with suspected or known genetic aortic syndrome (167 men, 150 women; mean age 43 ± 14 years). TAAD was diagnosed in 20, LDS in 20, MFS in 128, and BAVD in 30 patients, and genetic aortic syndrome was excluded in 119 patients.ResultsElevated tsTGF‐β1 levels were associated with causative gene mutations (P = 0.008), genetic aortic syndrome (P = 0.009), and sporadic occurrence of genetic aortic syndrome (P = 0.048), whereas only genetic aortic syndrome qualified as an independent predictor of tsTGF‐β1 (P = 0.001). The tsTGF‐β1 levels were elevated in FBN1 and NOTCH1 mutations vs patients without mutations (both P = 0.004), and in NOTCH1 mutations vs ACTA2/MYH11 mutations (P = 0.015). Similarly, tsTGF‐β1 levels were elevated in MFS (P = 0.003) and in BAVD (P = 0.006) vs patients without genetic aortic syndrome. In contrast to specific clinical features of MFS, FBN1 in‐frame mutations (P = 0.019) were associated with increased tsTGF‐β1 levels.ConclusionstsTGF‐β1 is elevated in the entire spectrum of genetic aortic syndromes. However, gradual differences in the increases of tsTGF‐β1 levels may mirror different degrees of alteration of tsTGF‐β1 signaling in different genetic aortic syndromes.
US lung cancer trends by histologic type
Authors: Lewis Denise Riedel , Check David P. , Caporaso Neil E. , Travis William D. , Devesa Susan S. 
Published: August 2014

BACKGROUNDLung cancer incidence rates overall are declining in the United States. This study investigated the trends by histologic type and demographic characteristics.METHODSSurveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program rates of microscopically confirmed lung cancer overall and squamous cell, small cell, adenocarcinoma, large cell, other, and unspecified carcinomas among US whites and blacks diagnosed from 1977 to 2010 and white non‐Hispanics, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and white Hispanics diagnosed from 1992 to 2010 were analyzed by sex and age.RESULTSSquamous and small cell carcinoma rates declined since the 1990s, although less rapidly among females than males. Adenocarcinoma rates decreased among males and only through 2005, after which they then rose during 2006 to 2010 among every racial/ethnic/sex group; rates for unspecified type declined. Male/female rate ratios declined among whites and blacks more than among other groups. Recent rates among young females were higher than among males for adenocarcinoma among all racial/ethnic groups and for other specified carcinomas among whites.CONCLUSIONSUS lung cancer trends vary by sex, histologic type, racial/ethnic group, and age, reflecting historical cigarette smoking rates, duration, cessation, cigarette composition, and exposure to other carcinogens. Substantial excesses among males have diminished and higher rates of adenocarcinoma among young females have emerged as rates among males declined more rapidly. The recognition of EGFR mutation and ALK rearrangements that occur primarily in adenocarcinomas are the primary basis for the molecular revolution that has transformed lung cancer diagnosis and treatment over the past decade, and these changes have affected recent type‐specific trends. Cancer 2014;120:2883–2892. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Triphenylamine‐Substituted Metalloporphyrins for Solution‐Processed Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells: The Effect of the Central Metal Ion on Device Performance
Authors: Zhang Yunan , Zhang Shitong , Yao Liang , Qin Leiqiang , Nian Li , Xie Zengqi , Yang Bing , Liu Linlin , Ma Yuguang 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA series of metal(II)‐substituted 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis[4‐(diphenylamino)phenyl]porphyrins (P) were designed and synthesized. Incorporation of the flexible and strong electron‐donating triphenylamine substituent endowed the porphyrins with enhanced solubility and intermolecular interactions. The distinct properties arising from different central metal ions were investigated by studying the absorption spectra, electrochemistry behavior, charge transport properties, thermal stability, and morphology characterization of the porphyrins. The PdII 5,10,15,20‐tetra(4‐diphenylaminophenyl)porphyrins (PPd) were found to have more matching energy levels with methyl [6,6]‐phenyl‐C‐61‐butyrate (PC61BM), higher hole mobility and longer triplet exciton lifetime. Bulk heterojunction solar cells based on porphyrins and PC61BM have been fabricated, with PPd‐based solar cells exhibiting greatly enhanced photovoltaic performance originating from a combination of elements. These results will help guide the future molecular design of porphyrins for application in organic small molecule bulk heterojunction solar cells.
Facile One‐Pot Transformation of Phenols into o‐Cyanophenols
Authors: Nakai Yuhta , Moriyama Katsuhiko , Togo Hideo 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe treatment of phenols with paraformaldehyde in the presence of MgCl2 and Et3N in THF at 80 °C, followed by reaction with molecular iodine and aq. ammonia at room temperature provided the corresponding o‐cyanophenols in moderate to good yields. The present reaction is a one‐pot transformation of phenols into o‐cyanophenols using much less expensive reagents than are typically used; the reaction is free of both transition‐metals and cyanide. The utility of this reaction was highlighted during our preparation of Febuxostat from p‐bromophenol.
Maternal mood and concordant maternal and infant salivary cortisol during heel lance while in kangaroo care
Authors: Castral T.C. , Warnock F. , dos Santos C.B. , Daré M.F. , Moreira A.C. , Antonini S.R.R. , Scochi C.G.S. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBackgroundMaternal kangaroo care (MKC) is a naturalistic intervention that alleviates neonatal pain, and mothers are assumed to play a stress regulatory role in MKC. Yet, no MKC infant pain study has examined relationship between maternal and infant stress reactivity concurrently, or whether post‐partum depression and/or anxiety (PPDA) alters maternal and neonatal stress response and the regulatory effects of MKC.ObjectivesTo examine the concordance of salivary cortisol reactivity between 42 mothers and their stable preterm infants during routine infant heel lance (HL) while in MKC and to compare salivary cortisol between groups of mothers with and without PPDA and their infants.MethodsMaternal and infant salivary cortisol samples were collected pre‐HL and 20 min post‐HL with two additional maternal samples at night and in the morning. Mothers and infants were allocated to with PPDA versus without PPDA study groups on the basis of maternal post‐natal mental health assessment scores.ResultsHigher mothers' cortisol pre‐HL was weakly associated with higher infants' salivary cortisol in response to the HL procedure. Maternal depression and/or anxiety were not associated with infants' cortisol. During HL, both groups of mothers and infants showed no change in salivary cortisol.ConclusionsConcordance between mother and infant salivary cortisol supports the maternal stress regulatory role in MKC. MKC may have stress regulatory benefits for mothers and their preterm infants during HL independent of PPDA. Future MKC studies that target mothers with altered mood will help to build on these findings.
Combined effects of the cyanobacterial toxin microcystin-LR and environmental factors on life-history traits of indigenous cladoceran Moina macrocopa
Authors: Kim Jungkon , Seo Jung-Kwan , Yoon Hyojung , Kim Pil-Je , Choi Kyunghee 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

Environmental factors are important in that they might interact with toxicants and could affect the concentration–response relationship of the toxicants in the water environment. Microcystins (MCs) produced by algal blooming are natural toxins that exert severe impacts on aquatic organisms. Despite the possibility of interaction effects between environmental factors and MCs, very few studies have been carried out to date. In the present study, the authors evaluated the effect of 3 environmental factors on chronic toxicity of MC-leucine-arginine (MC-LR; 0 µg/L, 0.8 µg/L, 4 µg/L, 20 µg/L, 100 µg/L, 500 µg/L) to the freshwater invertebrate Moina macrocopa. Three environmental factors were determined to reflect the reasonable worst conditions of the water body in South Korea: high water temperature (25 °C), the highest concentration of nutrients (ammonia-nitrogen [NH3-N] = 3.8 mg/L; nitrate-nitrogen [NO3-N] = 8.5 mg/L) during the occurrence of algal bloom, and 2 pH conditions of 7.0 and 9.0, which satisfy the test acceptance criteria for the Daphnia test. Among the various environmental factors being tested, high water temperature and NO3-N elevated chronic toxicity of MC-LR, whereas NH3-N reduced toxicity. Water pH did not influence chronic toxicity of MC-LR to M. macrocopa. This observation suggests that those environmental factors are responsible for changing the trend of MC-LR toxicity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2560–2565. © 2014 SETAC
Local and Global Ancestry Inference and Applications to Genetic Association Analysis for Admixed Populations
Authors: Thornton Timothy A. , Bermejo Justo Lorenzo 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTGenetic association studies in recently admixed populations offer exciting opportunities to identify novel variants underlying phenotypic diversity. At the same time, genetic heterogeneity resulting from population admixture has to be accounted for to ensure validity of association tests. The whole‐genome sequence data and the genome‐wide single‐nucleotide polymorphism chip data for Mexican American individuals provided by Genetic Analysis Workshop 18 (GAW18) presents a unique opportunity to evaluate and compare methods for the statistical analysis of admixed genetic data. We summarize here the five contributions from the GAW18 working group on admixture mapping and adjusting for admixture. Although group members considered a variety of research topics, the general theme was inference and consideration of ancestry admixture in genetic analyses. The topics considered can be grouped into three categories: (1) global and local ancestry inference and estimation, (2) association and admixture mapping, and (3) genotype imputation in admixed samples. We describe the approaches that were used and the most relevant findings from each contribution. We also provide insight into the strengths and limitations of the state‐of‐the‐art methods considered for genetic analyses in admixed populations.
Testing Genetic Association With Rare and Common Variants in Family Data
Authors: Chen Han , Malzahn Dörthe , Balliu Brunilda , Li Cong , Bailey Julia N. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTWith the advance of next‐generation sequencing technologies in recent years, rare genetic variant data have now become available for genetic epidemiology studies. For family samples, however, only a few statistical methods for association analysis of rare genetic variants have been developed. Rare variant approaches are of great interest, particularly for family data, because samples enriched for trait‐relevant variants can be ascertained and rare variants are putatively enriched through segregation. To facilitate the evaluation of existing and new rare variant testing approaches for analyzing family data, Genetic Analysis Workshop 18 (GAW18) provided genotype and next‐generation sequencing data and longitudinal blood pressure traits from extended pedigrees of Mexican American families from the San Antonio Family Study. Our GAW18 group members analyzed real and simulated phenotype data from GAW18 by using generalized linear mixed‐effects models or principal components to adjust for familial correlation or by testing binary traits using a correction factor for familial effects. With one exception, approaches dealt with the extended pedigrees in their original state using information based on the kinship matrix or alternative genetic similarity measures. For simulated data our group demonstrated that the family‐based kernel machine score test is superior in power to family‐based single‐marker or burden tests, except in a few specific scenarios. For real data three contributions identified significant associations. They substantially reduced the number of tests before performing the association analysis. We conclude from our real data analyses that further development of strategies for targeted testing or more focused screening of genetic variants is strongly desirable.