bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in nutritional requirements of adult codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), from field and laboratory populations
Authors: Mátray Silvia , Herz Annette 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe codling moth Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is one of the most important pests in apple production. The provision of sugar resources improved adult fitness of this species in laboratory studies and could also be enhanced in the field, for example, by naturally occurring carbohydrate sources in the orchard environment. In addition, the effects of sugar resources on field populations may differ from those of laboratory strains due to altered nutritional requirements. The survival of moths from overwintered field populations was compared with that of a non‐diapausing laboratory strain in feeding experiments with water, two sugar solutions or buckwheat flowers. The effect of these diets was similar for all populations, yet moths from one field‐collected strain lived shorter than those reared in the laboratory. In general, males lived about 3–5 days longer than females. The provision of glucose resulted in the highest survival of both sexes in all populations (24 days). Buckwheat nectar tended to slightly prolong the moths' lifespan compared to the water control (+3 days). Female fecundity was highly variable and was affected by adult diet. Similar to the results obtained under laboratory conditions, the provision of glucose and buckwheat nectar prolonged adult survival in associated field exposure experiments. In general, the nutritional requirements of adult codling moths did not vary according to their origin, even when reared continuously in the laboratory for many generations.
Zaprionus tuberculatus (Diptera, Drosophilidae): A generalist species that deserves attention
Authors: Viana José Pedro Cavalcante , Ribeiro Laís Barbosa , Cavalcanti Fábio André Gomes Silva , Tidon Rosana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Drosophilid family comprises over 4000 species, with several species posing potential threats to agriculture, as identified by the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation (EPPO). Among these species, Drosophila suzukii, Zaprionus tuberculatus and Z. indianus have received attention due to their geographic expansion and potential risks to crops. This research aims to consolidate global data on Z. tuberculatus hosts, with a specific focus on this species' presence in Brazil's Federal District, its first reported location in the Americas. Reviewing existing literature and conducting fieldwork, we identified 61 plant species from 25 botanical families as potential hosts for Z. tuberculatus worldwide, from which 23 species are new hosts. It was noted that Z. tuberculatus had a high density on certain fruits, raising concerns about its potential as a pest. The presence of Z. tuberculatus alongside other pest species, such as Z. indianus and Drosophila suzukii, highlights the complexity of invasive species' interactions and their ecological impacts. These findings emphasize the need for standardized methodologies to evaluate invasive drosophilids' ecological and economic implications, enabling informed management strategies to mitigate their adverse effects on agriculture and ecosystems.
Pain sensitisation in patients with sickle cell disease: A preliminary study
Authors: Garcia‐Hernandez Ailyn , de la Coba Pablo , Martinez‐Triana Raúl J. , Reyes del Paso Gustavo A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundResponses to experimental pain have suggested central and peripheral sensitisation in adult patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Recent studies have proposed an algometry‐derived dynamic measure of pain sensitisation, slowly repeated evoked pain (SREP), which is useful in the discrimination of painful conditions related to central sensitisation. Pain and fatigue are two symptoms that affect the general functioning of patients with SCD most significantly, however, research about experimental dynamic pain measures and their relation to the main symptoms of SCD (pain and fatigue) is still scarce.ObjectiveThis preliminary study aimed to test the utility of the SREP protocol for detecting pain sensitisation in patients with SCD, and to evaluate the associations of pain sensitisation, pain threshold, and pain tolerance with the main clinical symptoms of SCD, pain and fatigue.MethodsTwenty‐two female outpatients with SCD and 20 healthy women participated. Pain threshold, pain tolerance, and pain sensitisation were assessed by algometry in the fingernail. Clinical pain, fatigue, anxiety, depression and pain catastrophizing were evaluated.ResultsNo group differences were found in pain threshold and tolerance. However, using the SREP protocol, pain sensitisation was greater in patients than in healthy participants, even after controlling for psychological variables and body mass index. Pain threshold and tolerance were inversely associated with fatigue levels in the SCD group, with pain tolerance being the main predictor.ConclusionsPain threshold and tolerance did not discriminate between patients and healthy individuals, but were useful for predicting fatigue severity in SCD. The SREP protocol provides a useful dynamic measure of pain for the discrimination and detection of enhanced pain sensitisation in patients with SCD, which could contribute to more personalised pain evaluations and treatment for these patients.
Comparative life‐history strategies in three Lebiasinidae (Characiformes) in a Rio Negro tributary, Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Althoff Bruno B. , Lazzarotto Henrique , Soares Bruno E. , Caramaschi Érica P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractReproductive traits co‐evolve and form successful life‐history strategies adapted to the biology and environment of a particular taxon, maximizing offspring and species survival chances, therefore studies investigating differences in adaptive traits across different environments can enhance our understanding of the natural selection process and evolution. Herein, we address whether the reproductive strategies of phylogenetically closely related fishes are influenced by habitat predictability, using three species of the Lebiasinidae family as models. The predominance of larger and mature individuals during the flood season, with high waters characterized by smaller immature individuals, suggests a seasonal reproductive strategy for Nannostomus trifasciatus. Copella callolepis, which inhabits both habitats, also showed a single reproductive peak. However, compared to N. trifasciatus, this species displayed late spawning, restricted to the flood season, as indicated by the higher abundance of larger and mature individuals during this period and the presence of smaller (juveniles) and spawned individuals in the following season. The reproductive tactics observed in N. marginatus differed significantly from the single reproductive peak of the other species, as two reproductive peaks were observed: one during the flood season and another during the low water season. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the environment strongly influences reproductive strategies for lebiasinids. N. marginatus, restricted to small water bodies, exhibited an opportunistic reproductive strategy, whereas the species inhabiting main rivers, N. trifasciatus and C. callolepis, exhibited a more seasonal strategy.
The reciprocal relationship between amyloid precursor protein and mitochondrial function
Authors: Strope Taylor A. , Wilkins Heather M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAmyloid precursor protein (APP), secretase enzymes, and amyloid beta (Aβ) have been extensively studied in the context of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite this, the function of these proteins and their metabolism is not understood. APP, secretase enzymes, and APP processing products (Aβ and C‐terminal fragments) localize to endosomes, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and mitochondrial/ER contact sites. Studies implicate significant relationships between APP, secretase enzyme function, APP metabolism, and mitochondrial function. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key pathological hallmark of AD and is intricately linked to proteostasis. Here, we review studies examining potential functions of APP, secretase enzymes, and APP metabolites in the context of mitochondrial function and bioenergetics. We discuss implications and limitations of studies and highlight knowledge gaps that remain in the field.image
Treatment approaches, outcomes and prognostic indicators in patients with tinnitus and temporomandibular disorders evaluated with DC/TMD: A systematic review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Fabrizia d’ Apuzzo , Giuseppe Minervini , Martina Cerbone , Patricia Rotolo Rossana , Vincenzo Grassia , Ludovica Nucci 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis systematic review summarised the results reported in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) aimed at evaluating the different treatment approaches in patients with tinnitus associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) evaluated with the diagnostic criteria of temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD), and the possible predictive factors influencing treatment outcomes.MethodsThe electronic databases Medline, Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACs) were searched systematically up to March 2023. Only RCTs with full texts were included in this study. The eligibility of the RCTs selected was based on the PICO model (participants, intervention, comparators, outcomes), and subjects of any age, sex or ethnicity, were included when showing both tinnitus and TMD, diagnosed through DC/TMD criteria.ResultsFrom a total of 635 articles, only five RCTs were included and the data from a total of 329 participants were examined. Two RCTs focused on the efficacy of the multidisciplinary approach among people with tinnitus who have TMD; two RCTs examined prognostic indicators predicting a positive outcome after multidisciplinary orofacial treatment; one RCT analysed low‐level laser therapy's effectiveness with Nd:YAG laser.ConclusionA multidisciplinary non‐invasive approach is the most efficacious treatment for tinnitus in patients diagnosed with TMD. Baseline tinnitus severity, gender, quality of life, age, and tinnitus duration were considered predictive factors of clinical outcomes in patients diagnosed with DMTs and referring tinnitus.
Treatment options used in the management of people with temporomandibular disorders by Australian dentists and physiotherapists
Authors: Haddad Danielle , Millican Emma , Maxwell Lyndal , Wirianski Alexander 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundStudies documenting the treatments used by dentists in the management of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) have been undertaken in some countries; however, no such research has been conducted in Australia. No similar studies have been documented for physiotherapists.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to determine the treatment options and referral patterns used by Australian dentists and physiotherapists in managing people with TMDs.MethodsProspective nationwide online questionnaires targeting Australian dentists and physiotherapists were created for Australian dentists and physiotherapists.ResultsSeventy‐eight respondents (27 dentists; 51 physiotherapists) completed all questions in the questionnaires. Sixty respondents reported actively treating people with TMDs. The treatment options used most frequently by dentists included advice and education, oral appliances, physical agents such as moist heat and medications. The treatment options most frequently used by physiotherapists included manual therapy, exercises, electrophysical agents and advice and education. Referrals were most frequently made to dentists and physiotherapists with experience and/or expertise in managing people with TMDs and to general dentists.ConclusionsCommonly used treatment options were mostly conservative, reversible and evidence‐based. More responses are required to draw conclusions representative of Australian dentists and physiotherapists in the management of people with TMDs.
Effectiveness of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint disorders: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zaman Mahmud Uz , Alam Mohammad Khursheed , Alqhtani Nasser Raqe , Alqahtani Mana , Alsaadi Mohammed J. , Ronsivalle Vincenzo , Cicciù Marco , Minervini Giuseppe 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundTemporomandibular disorders (TMDs) pose diagnostic challenges, and selecting appropriate imaging modalities is crucial for accurate assessment. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy and efficacy of ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in identifying TMDs.MethodsA comprehensive meta‐analysis was conducted, including studies that compared US and MRI for TMJ disorder assessments. Fixed‐effects models were utilized to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) and relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed using the chi‐squared test and I2 statistic. Newcastle–Ottawa scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies included.ResultsSix studies were included, involving a total of 281 participants. The meta‐analysis demonstrated that MRI was statistically somewhat better than US in identifying TMJ disorders. The summary OR was 0.64 (95% CI: 0.46–0.90), and the summary RR was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.68–0.95). Heterogeneity among the studies was low (χ2 = 2.73, df = 5, p = .74; I2 = 0%). Demographic variables revealed variations in sample size, gender ratio and mean age across the studies.ConclusionThis meta‐analysis provides evidence that MRI may be more effective than US in diagnosing TMDs. However, the study is limited by the small number of included studies and variations in demographic variables and study designs. Future research with larger samples and standardised protocols is essential to confirm and strengthen these findings. Understanding the diagnostic accuracy of MRI and US for TMJ disorders will aid clinicians in making informed decisions for effective TMJ disorder assessments and patient management.
Mortality risk factors in children with influenza‐associated encephalopathy admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit between 2009 and 2021
Authors: Bi Jiajia , Wu Xiaoxin , Deng Jikui 
Published: July 2024

AimThe purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for death in children with influenza‐associated encephalopathy (IAE) in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU).MethodsForty‐six paediatric patients with IAE admitted to the PICU at shenzhen Children's Hospital between December 2009 and December 2021 were evaluated. Their clinical characteristics were retrospectively analysed.ResultsA total of 46 patients were diagnosed with influenza A virus infection and encephalopathy. The cases were concentrated in children <5 years of age (27/46, 58.7%). Twenty‐nine patients (63.0%) survived and 17 patients (37.0%) died, of which 70.6% (12/17) of the patients died within 1 week of hospitalisation. Thirty‐two patients (69.6%) developed neurological symptoms within 1–2 days of fever onset. Common symptoms included fever (45/46, 97.8%), loss of consciousness (39/46, 84.8%), seizures (31/46, 67.4%), cough (19/46, 41.3%), and vomiting (16/46, 34.8%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that vomiting (odds ratio [OR], 11.005), loss of consciousness (AVPU score: P; OR, 15.871), lymphopenia (OR, 8.964), alanine aminotransferase (>80 IU/L; OR, 32.060) and serum sodium concentration (>145 mmol/L or <135 mmol/L; OR, 16.264) were related to mortality.ConclusionsThe mortality in this study population was 37.0%. Children with IAE who have corresponding clinical manifestations and abnormal examination results in PICU should be warned of the high mortality rate.
Economic policy uncertainty and local government debt: Evidence from China
Authors: Gao Han , Lan Minming , Li Jie , Zhou Tianhang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the effects of economic policy uncertainty on local government debt issuance in China and identifies a transmission channel through the cost of capital. Our findings demonstrate that economic policy uncertainty raises the cost of external financing for local governments, leading to decreased levels of debt issuance. Specifically, a 1% increase in uncertainty related to economic policy variations leads to a reduction in government debt issuance of 0.0478%. In addition, our analysis reveals that local governments located in regions experiencing lower fiscal pressure, lower economic catch‐up pressure, and higher sensitivity to uncertainty are more responsive to economic policy uncertainty changes.
A female‐biased gene expression signature of dominance in cooperatively breeding meerkats
Authors: Campbell C. Ryan , Manser Marta , Shiratori Mari , Williams Kelly , Barreiro Luis , Clutton‐Brock Tim , Tung Jenny 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDominance is a primary determinant of social dynamics and resource access in social animals. Recent studies show that dominance is also reflected in the gene regulatory profiles of peripheral immune cells. However, the strength and direction of this relationship differs across the species and sex combinations investigated, potentially due to variation in the predictors and energetic consequences of dominance status. Here, we investigated the association between social status and gene expression in the blood of wild meerkats (Suricata suricatta; n = 113 individuals), including in response to lipopolysaccharide, Gardiquimod (an agonist of TLR7, which detects single‐stranded RNA in vivo) and glucocorticoid stimulation. Meerkats are cooperatively breeding social carnivores in which breeding females physically outcompete other females to suppress reproduction, resulting in high reproductive skew. They therefore present an opportunity to disentangle the effects of social dominance from those of sex per se. We identify a sex‐specific signature of dominance, including 1045 differentially expressed genes in females but none in males. Dominant females exhibit elevated activity in innate immune pathways and a larger fold‐change response to LPS challenge. Based on these results and a preliminary comparison to other mammals, we speculate that the gene regulatory signature of social status in the immune system depends on the determinants and energetic costs of social dominance, such that it is most pronounced in hierarchies where physical competition is important and reproductive skew is large. Such a pattern has the potential to mediate life history trade‐offs between investment in reproduction versus somatic maintenance.
Low dose glucocorticoids, mycophenolate mofetil and hydroxychloroquine in IgA nephropathy, an update of current clinical trials
Authors: Chen Pei , Lv Jicheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis mini‐review explores glucocorticoids, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). It discusses conflicting findings from pivotal trials like TESTING and STOP‐IgAN regarding glucocorticoid efficacy, emphasizing reduced‐dose protocols as potentially safer options. MMF's effectiveness varies among populations, demonstrating promise in Chinese cohorts but yielding inconclusive results elsewhere. HCQ shows potential in reducing proteinuria, with ongoing trials investigating its long‐term benefits.
Ectopic enhancer–enhancer interactions as causal forces driving RNA‐directed DNA methylation in gene regulatory regions
Authors: Yang Yazhou , Liu Jia , Singer Stacy D. , Yan Guohua , Bennet Dennis R. , Liu Yue , Hily Jean‐Michel , Xu Weirong , Yang Yingzhen , Wang Xiping , Zhong Gan‐Yuan , Liu Zhongchi , Charles An Yong‐Qiang , Liu Huawei , Liu Zongrang 
Published: July 2024

SummaryCis‐regulatory elements (CREs) are integral to the spatiotemporal and quantitative expression dynamics of target genes, thus directly influencing phenotypic variation and evolution. However, many of these CREs become highly susceptible to transcriptional silencing when in a transgenic state, particularly when organised as tandem repeats. We investigated the mechanism of this phenomenon and found that three of the six selected flower‐specific CREs were prone to transcriptional silencing when in a transgenic context. We determined that this silencing was caused by the ectopic expression of non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which were processed into 24‐nt small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that drove RNA‐directed DNA methylation (RdDM). Detailed analyses revealed that aberrant ncRNA transcription within the AGAMOUS enhancer (AGe) in a transgenic context was significantly enhanced by an adjacent CaMV35S enhancer (35Se). This particular enhancer is known to mis‐activate the regulatory activities of various CREs, including the AGe. Furthermore, an insertion of 35Se approximately 3.5 kb upstream of the AGe in its genomic locus also resulted in the ectopic induction of ncRNA/siRNA production and de novo methylation specifically in the AGe, but not other regions, as well as the production of mutant flowers. This confirmed that interactions between the 35Se and AGe can induce RdDM activity in both genomic and transgenic states. These findings highlight a novel epigenetic role for CRE–CRE interactions in plants, shedding light on the underlying forces driving hypermethylation in transgenes, duplicate genes/enhancers, and repetitive transposons, in which interactions between CREs are inevitable.
Polyamines: pleiotropic molecules regulating plant development and enhancing crop yield and quality
Authors: Yang Haishan , Fang Yinyin , Liang Zhiman , Qin Tian , Liu Ji‐Hong , Liu Taibo 
Published: July 2024

SummaryPolyamines (PAs) are pleiotropic bioorganic molecules. Cellular PA contents are determined by a balance between PA synthesis and degradation. PAs have been extensively demonstrated to play vital roles in the modulation of plant developmental processes and adaptation to various environmental stresses. In this review, the latest advances on the diverse roles of PAs in a range of developmental processes, such as morphogenesis, organogenesis, growth and development, and fruit ripening, are summarized and discussed. Besides, the crosstalk between PAs and phytohormones or other signalling molecules, including H2O2 and NO, involved in these processes is dwelled on. In addition, the attempts made to improve the yield and quality of grain and vegetable crops through altering the PA catabolism are enumerated. Finally, several other vital questions that remain unanswered are proposed and discussed. These include the mechanisms underlying the cooperative regulation of developmental processes by PAs and their interplaying partners like phytohormones, H2O2 and NO; PA transport for maintaining homeostasis; and utilization of PA anabolism/catabolism for generating high‐yield and good‐quality crops. This review aims to gain new insights into the pleiotropic role of PAs in the modulation of plant growth and development, which provides an alternative approach for manipulating and engineering valuable crop varieties that can be used in the future.