bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex and age differences in brain‐derived neurotrophic factor and vimentin in the zebra finch song system: Relationships to newly generated cells
Authors: Tang Yu Ping , Wade Juli 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTThe neural song circuit is enhanced in male compared with female zebra finches due to differential rates of incorporation and survival of cells between the sexes. Two double‐label immunohistochemical experiments were conducted to increase the understanding of relationships between newly generated cells (marked with bromodeoxyuridine [BrdU]) and those expressing brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vimentin, a marker for radial glia. The song systems of males and females were investigated at posthatching day 25 during a heightened period of sexual differentiation (following BrdU injections on days 6–10) and in adulthood (following a parallel injection paradigm). In both HVC (proper name) and the robust nucleus of the arcopallium (RA), about half of the BrdU‐positive cells expressed BDNF across sexes and ages. Less than 10% of the BDNF‐positive cells expressed BrdU, but this percentage was greater in juveniles than adults. Across both brain regions, more BDNF‐positive cells were detected in males compared with females. In RA, the number of these cells was also greater in juveniles than adults. In HVC, the average cross‐sectional area covered by the vimentin labeling was greater in males than females and in juveniles compared with adults. In RA, more vimentin was detected in juveniles than adults, and within adults it was greater in females. In juveniles only, BrdU‐positive cells appeared in contact with vimentin‐labeled fibers in HVC, RA, and Area X. Collectively, the results are consistent with roles of BDNF‐ and vimentin‐labeled cells influencing sexually differentiated plasticity of the song circuit. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:1081–1096, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Microwave‐Assisted Syntheses in Recyclable Ionic Liquids: Photoresists Based on Renewable Resources
Authors: Petit Charlotte , Luef Klaus P. , Edler Matthias , Griesser Thomas , Kremsner Jennifer M. , Stadler Alexander , Grassl Bruno , Reynaud Stéphanie , Wiesbrock Frank 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe copoly(2‐oxazoline) pNonOx80‐stat‐pDc=Ox20 can be synthesized from the cationic ring‐opening copolymerization of 2‐nonyl‐2‐oxazoline NonOx and 2‐dec‐9′‐enyl‐2‐oxazoline Dc=Ox in the ionic liquid n‐hexyl methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate under microwave irradiation in 250 g/batch quantities. The polymer precipitates upon cooling, enabling easy recovery of the polymer and the ionic liquid. Both monomers can be obtained from fatty acids from renewable resources. pNonOx80‐stat‐pDc=Ox20 can be used as polymer in a photoresist (resolution of 1 μm) based on UV‐induced thiol–ene reactions.
Status of basal‐supported oral therapy in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients with inadequate glycemic control on oral anti‐diabetic drugs
Authors: Xu Wen , Qiu Liling , Luo Sihui , Li Ming , Weng Jianping , Guo Xiaohui , Ji Linong 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundTimely initiation and titration of basal insulin added on to oral anti‐diabetic drugs contribute to better glycemic control. However, implementation of basal‐supported oral therapy in China is not yet clear. This nationwide, prospective, 12‐week observational study was designed to explore the current status of basal‐supported oral therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes in China.MethodsType 2 diabetic patients with inadequate glycemic control on anti‐diabetic drugs who were to start basal‐supported oral therapy with insulin glargine at outpatient clinics were enrolled from 134 hospitals in China. Both the decision to initiate basal insulin and insulin dose adjustment were at the physician's discretion. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and haemoglobin A1c were measured, and the starting dose of insulin were recorded at baseline. Self‐monitored fasting capillary blood glucose and the adjusting dose of insulin were collected during the study.ResultsA total of 11 192 out of 13 259 enrolled patients finished the 12‐week study. FPG and haemoglobin A1c at basal‐supported oral therapy initiation were 11.2 mmol/L and 9.4%, respectively, with insulin glargine started at 0.190 IU/kg/day. Insulin dose was increased 1.8 IU in average within 12 weeks. Fifty‐nine percent of the patients achieved fasting capillary blood glucose ≤ 7.0 mmol/L. More patients achieved the glucose target in the group with lower baseline FPG level. Notable geographical differences of physicians' treatment habits in the current management of basal‐supported oral therapy were also observed.ConclusionsA great gap between everyday clinical practice and guidelines exists in China, reflected by the delayed initiation, slow dose titration and geographical differences of basal‐supported oral therapy management. A concrete guideline of basal‐supported oral therapy management is needed in the clinical application. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sensory modulation disorder symptoms in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: A pilot study
Authors: Brand‐Gothelf Ayelet , Parush Shula , Eitan Yehudith , Admoni Shai , Gur Eitan , Stein Daniel 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTObjectiveIndividuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) may exhibit reduced ability to modulate sensory, physiological, and affective responses. The aim of the present study is to assess sensory modulation disorder (SMD) symptoms in patients with AN and BN.MethodWe assessed female adolescent and young adult inpatients with restrictive type anorexia nervosa (AN‐R; n = 20) and BN (n = 20) evaluated in the acute stage of their illness, and 27 female controls. Another group of 20 inpatients with AN‐R was assessed on admission and discharge, upon achieving their required weight. Participants completed standardized questionnaires assessing the severity of their eating disorder (ED) and the sensory responsiveness questionnaire (SRQ).ResultsInpatients with AN‐R demonstrated elevated overall sensory over‐responsiveness as well as elevated scores on the taste/gustatory, vestibular/kinesthetic and somatosensory/tactile SRQ modalities compared with patients with BN and controls. Significant correlations between the severity of sensory over‐responsiveness and ED‐related symptomatology were found in acutely‐ill patients with AN‐R and to a lesser extent, following weight restoration. Elevated sensory over‐responsiveness was retained in weight‐restored inpatients with AN‐R. Inpatients with BN demonstrated greater sensory under‐responsiveness in the intensity subscale of the SRQ, but not in the frequency and combined SRQ dimensions.DiscussionFemale inpatients with AN‐R exhibited sensory over‐responsiveness both in the acute stage of their illness and following weight restoration, suggesting that sensory over‐responsiveness may represent a trait related to the illness itself above and beyond the influence of malnutrition. The finding for sensory under‐responsiveness in BN is less consistent. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:59–68).
Genetic and environmental effects on the morphological asymmetry in the scale‐eating cichlid fish, Perissodus microlepis
Authors: Lee Hyuk Je , Heim Valentin , Meyer Axel 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe scale‐eating cichlid fish, Perissodus microlepis, from Lake Tanganyika are a well‐known example of an asymmetry dimorphism because the mouth/head is either left‐bending or right‐bending. However, how strongly its pronounced morphological laterality is affected by genetic and environmental factors remains unclear. Using quantitative assessments of mouth asymmetry, we investigated its origin by estimating narrow‐sense heritability (h2) using midparent–offspring regression. The heritability estimates [field estimate: h2 = 0.22 ± 0.06, P = 0.013; laboratory estimate: h2 = 0.18 ± 0.05, P = 0.004] suggest that although variation in laterality has some additive genetic component, it is strongly environmentally influenced. Family‐level association analyses of a putative microsatellite marker that was claimed to be linked to gene(s) for laterality revealed no association of this locus with laterality. Moreover, the observed phenotype frequencies in offspring from parents of different phenotype combinations were not consistent with a previously suggested single‐locus two‐allele model, but they neither were able to reject with confidence a random asymmetry model. These results reconcile the disputed mechanisms for this textbook case of mouth asymmetry where both genetic and environmental factors contribute to this remarkable case of morphological asymmetry.
Increased water use in dry season in eight dipterocarp species in a common plantation in the northern boundary of Asian tropics
Authors: Siddiq Zafar , Cao Kun‐Fang 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe seasonal water use and stand‐level transpiration of the important tropical timber tree family, Dipterocarpaceae, have not been well investigated. Here, we characterized the seasonal water use and stand‐level transpiration of eight, evergreen, dipterocarps in tropical Southwest China in the 2013 wet and dry seasons: six species grown in monoculture and two species in mixture. We estimated stand‐level transpiration using a power model, combining data from 22 trees of all species measured in the two seasons. Despite significant decreases in soil volumetric water content within 1‐m depth, predawn leaf water potentials (> −0.5 MPa) of all trees indicated access of roots to water. Daily sap flux density (SFDd) of all species closely responded to vapour pressure deficit (VPD). Dry season VPD increased by 29%, compared to in wet season, resulting 27–52% increased SFDd in six of the eight species. Whole tree daily water use was scaled with diameter at 1.3 m height for the 22 trees (r2 = 0.91 and 0.93 in the wet and dry seasons, respectively). Daily mean stand‐level transpiration ranged from 0.63 to 2.23 mm d−1 (mean = 1.05) and from 1.18 to 2.29 mm d−1 (mean = 1.63) in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. Our results reveal conservative water use of dipterocarps and increased transpiration in dry season when a stable soil water source is available. In comparison with introduced fast‐growing timber species, such as Eucalyptus and Acacia mangium, dipterocarp trees and forests consume much less water, making them more suitable as plantation timber crops for the region. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sources of dissolved silica to the fjords of northern Patagonia (44–48°S): the importance of volcanic ash soil distribution and weathering
Authors: Vandekerkhove Elke , Bertrand Sébastien , Reid Brian , Bartels Astrid , Charlier Bernard 
Published: September 2015

AbstractDissolved silica (DSi) plays an important biogeochemical role in the fjords of northern Chilean Patagonia (44–48°S), where it drives high biogenic productivity and promotes carbon burial. It is generally believed that the DSi riverine input to lakes and coastal environments is controlled by a combination of factors including lithology, climate, topography, vegetation, and meltwater input. In northern Chilean Patagonia several authors have proposed that the postglacial volcanic ash soils (andosols) may play a significant role in the high supply of DSi to the regional fjords. To assess the influence of andosols on DSi concentrations in north Patagonian rivers, we mapped andosol thickness and compared our results with river chemistry. The mineralogical and geochemical composition of three representative andosol profiles was also examined to evaluate the efficiency of weathering processes. The andosol thickness map clearly demonstrates that volcanic ash was predominantly deposited on the eastern side of the regional volcanoes, reflecting the influence of the prevailing westerly winds on the distribution of pyroclastic material. Mineralogical and geochemical results show that the andosol parent material has the typical andesitic basaltic signature of the regional volcanoes, i.e. high amounts of amorphous material, plagioclase, K‐feldspar, and pyroxene. Down‐profile variations in soil mineralogy and geochemistry indicate increased leaching of silica with depth, resulting from weathering of the volcanic parent material. For the five studied watersheds, a highly positive correlation (R2=0.98) was found between average andosol thickness and DSi concentrations, suggesting that andosol thickness is the main parameter affecting DSi concentrations in north Patagonian river systems. On seasonal timescales, increased precipitation (winter) and glacial meltwater (summer) input can significantly reduce DSi concentrations. We argue that the weathering of andosols constitutes the most important source of DSi to the lakes and fjords of northern Chilean Patagonia, explaining the particularly high regional rates of biogenic silica production. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of psychosocial interventions on self‐efficacy of dementia caregivers: a literature review
Authors: Tang Wai Kit , Chan Chung Yan Joanne 
Published: September 2015

IntroductionSelf‐efficacy plays an important role in mediating stressors and physical and psychological outcomes in dementia caregiving.ObjectivesThis literature review aims to identify, summarize, and critically appraise current evidence on the psychosocial interventions used for enhancing the self‐efficacy of caregivers of patients with dementia (PWD).MethodsA database search from two major web gateways was conducted to identify relevant research articles with an intervention for caregivers of patients with any type of dementia that included self‐efficacy as an outcome measure.ResultsA total of 14 studies met the criteria. The key findings and characteristics of the interventions were summarized and analyzed. The results showed that caregivers' self‐efficacy and other aspects could be improved by psychosocial interventions.ConclusionThe efficacy of the interventions for self‐efficacy and other outcomes for caregivers and PWD were explored. Recommendations on the effects and significance of various psychosocial interventions for caregivers of PWD in enhancing self‐efficacy were discussed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Secular trends in Acinetobacter baumannii resistance in respiratory and blood stream specimens in the United States, 2003 to 2012: A survey study
Authors: Zilberberg Marya D. , Kollef Marin H. , Shorr Andrew F. 
Published: September 2015

BACKGROUNDAcinetobacter baumannii (AB) has evolved a variety of resistance mechanisms and exhibits unpredictable susceptibility patterns, making it difficult to select empiric therapy.OBJECTIVETo examine US secular trends in the resistance of AB in respiratory infections and blood stream infections (BSI) to antimicrobial agents whose effectiveness is supported in the literatureDESIGNSurvey.METHODSWe analyzed 3 time periods (2003–2005, 2006–2008, 2009–2012) in Eurofins' The Surveillance Network for resistance of AB to the following antimicrobials: carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem, doripenem), aminoglycosides (tobramycin, amikacin), tetracyclines (minocycline, doxycycline), polymyxins (colistin, polymyxin B), ampicillin‐sulbactam, and trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole. Resistance to ≥3 drug classes defined multidrug resistance (MDR).RESULTSWe identified 39,320 AB specimens (81.1% respiratory, 18.9% BSI). The highest prevalence of resistance was to doripenem (90.3%) followed by trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole (55.3%), and the lowest to colistin (5.3%). Resistance to carbapenems (21.0% in 2003–2005 and 47.9% in 2009–2012) and colistin (2.8% in 2006–2008 to 6.9% in 2009–2012) more than doubled. Prevalence of MDR AB rose from 21.4% in 2003 to 2005 to 33.7% in 2006 to 2008, and remained stable at 35.2% in 2009 to 2012. In contrast, resistance to minocycline diminished from 56.5% (2003–2005) to 30.5% (2009–2012). MDR organisms were most frequent in nursing homes (46.5%), followed by general ward (29.2%), intensive care unit (28.7%), and outpatient setting (26.2%).CONCLUSIONSResistance rates among AB to such last‐resort antimicrobials as carbapenems and colistin are on the rise, whereas that to minocycline has declined. Nursing homes are a reservoir of resistant AB. These trends should inform not only empiric treatment of serious infections, but also approaches to infection control. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2016;11:21–26. © 2015 Society of Hospital Medicine.
A multi‐institutional analysis of 429 patients undergoing major hepatectomy for colorectal cancer liver metastases: The impact of concomitant bile duct resection on survival
Authors: Postlewait Lauren M. , Squires Malcolm H. , Kooby David A. , Weber Sharon M. , Scoggins Charles R. , Cardona Kenneth , Cho Clifford S. , Martin Robert C.G. , Winslow Emily R. , Maithel Shishir K. 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundData are lacking on long‐term outcomes of patients undergoing major hepatectomy requiring bile duct resection (BDR) for the treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastases.MethodsPatients who underwent major hepatectomy (≥3 segments) for metastatic colorectal cancer from 2000–2010 at three US academic institutions were included. The primary outcome was disease‐specific survival (DSS).ResultsOf 429 patients, nine (2.1%) underwent BDR, which was associated with pre‐operative portal vein embolization (25.0% vs. 4.3%; P = 0.049). There were no significant differences in age, ASA class, margin status, number of lesions, tumor size, cirrhosis, perineural invasion, or lymphovascular invasion. BDR was independently associated with increased postoperative major complications (OR: 6.22; 95%CI:1.44–26.97; P = 0.015). There were no differences in length of stay, reoperation, readmission, or 30‐day mortality. Patients who underwent BDR had markedly decreased DSS (9.3 vs. 39.9 mo; P = 0.002). When accounting for differences between the two groups, the need for BDR was independently associated with reduced DSS (HR: 3.06; 95%CI:1.12–8.34; P = 0.029).ConclusionMajor hepatectomy with concomitant bile duct resection is seldom performed in patients undergoing resection of colorectal cancer liver metastases and is associated with higher major morbidity and reduced disease‐specific survival compared to major hepatectomy alone. Stringent selection criteria should be applied when patients may need bile duct resection during hepatectomy for colorectal cancer liver metastases. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015; 112:524–528. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ultrasonographic diaphragm thickness correlates with compound muscle action potential amplitude and forced vital capacity
Authors: Noda Yoshikatsu , Sekiguchi Kenji , Kohara Nobuo , Kanda Fumio , Toda Tatsushi 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Noninvasive evaluation of respiratory function in patients with various neuromuscular disorders is important for predicting life expectancy. Methods: We performed B‐mode ultrasonography (USG) and nerve conduction studies in 37 patients (16 had amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; 11, myopathy; and 10, neuropathy) and 10 controls. USG of the diaphragm was performed in the supine position using a linear probe over the intercostal space at the anterior axillary line. Diaphragm muscle thickness was measured at end‐expiration. The amplitude of diaphragm compound muscle action potentials (CMAP) was obtained by phrenic nerve stimulation with a surface electrode. Respiratory function was measured with standard pulmonary function tests including forced vital capacity (FVC). Results: Diaphragm thickness was significantly correlated with FVC (r = 0.74) and CMAP amplitude (r = 0.53). Conclusions: Diaphragm USG is useful for objective evaluation of pulmonary function in neuromuscular disorders without requiring undue patient effort or cooperation. Muscle Nerve 53: 522–527, 2016
Predictors for a positive outcome of adapted clinical dry bed training in adolescents and adults with enuresis
Authors: Hofmeester Ilse , Kollen Boudewijn J. , Steffens Martijn G. , van Capelle Jan Willem , Mulder Zwaan , Feitz Wouter F. J. , Blanker Marco H. 
Published: September 2015

AimsAdapted Dry Bed Training (Adapted DBT) has been shown to be effective in therapy‐resistant adolescents and adults with enuresis. Given the substantial impact of enuresis and the time‐consuming nature of Adapted DBT, we investigated which patients benefited most from Adapted DBT. Therefore, we identified predictors for a successful treatment response to Adapted DBT in this population.MethodsRetrospective cohort study in 907 consecutive patients, aged 11–42 years, subjected to in‐hospital Adapted DBT in our Dry Bed Center between January 2003 and July 2013. Outcome was defined as treatment success after six months (primary outcome) and six weeks. Results of logistic regression analyses are presented in odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.ResultsPredictors for a successful treatment response to Adapted DBT in adolescents and adults with enuresis after six months are: gender (female), initial degree of enuresis (mild: 0–3 nights/week), current diaper use, never used anticholinergics in the past, and degree of enuresis six weeks after training. Predictors for successful treatment response after six weeks are: gender and initial degree of enuresis only.LimitationThe low explained variance of our model, showing that many other factors, not included in our study, could be of interest in the prediction of success.ConclusionsSeveral factors that predicted a successful treatment response of Adapted DBT after six weeks and six months were identified. However, the low explained variance of our model suggests that other non‐identified factors are also important in predicting outcome. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:1006–1010, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Major depressive disorder, personality disorders, and coping strategies are independent risk factors for lower quality of life in non‐metastatic breast cancer patients
Authors: Brunault Paul , Champagne Anne‐Laure , Huguet Grégoire , Suzanne Isabelle , Senon Jean‐Louis , Body Gilles , Rusch Emmanuel , Magnin Guillaume , Voyer Mélanie , Réveillère Christian , Camus Vincent 
Published: September 2015

AbstractObjectiveOur aim was to identify risk factors for lower quality of life (QOL) in non‐metastatic breast cancer patients.MethodsOur study included 120 patients from the University Hospital Centers of Tours and Poitiers. This cross‐sectional study was conducted 7 months after patients' breast cancer diagnosis and assessed QOL (Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 = QLQ‐C30), socio‐demographic characteristics, coping strategies (Brief‐COPE), physiological and biological variables (e.g., initial tumor severity and types of treatment received), the existence of major depressive disorder (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview), and pain severity (Questionnaire de Douleur Saint Antoine). We assessed personality disorders 3 months after diagnosis (Vragenlijst voor Kenmerken van de Persoonlijkheid questionnaire). We used multiple linear regression models to determine which factors were associated with physical, emotional, and global QOL.ResultsLower physical QOL was associated with major depressive disorder, younger age, a more severe initial tumor stage, and the use of the behavioral disengagement coping. Lower emotional QOL was associated with major depressive disorder, the existence of a personality disorder, a more severe pain level, higher use of self‐blame, and lower use of acceptance coping strategies. Lower global QOL was associated with major depressive disorder, the existence of a personality disorder, a more severe pain level, higher use of self‐blame, lower use of positive reframing coping strategies, and an absence of hormone therapy.ConclusionsLower QOL scores were more strongly associated with variables related to the individual's premorbid psychological characteristics and the manner in which this individual copes with the cancer (e.g., depression, personality, and coping) than to cancer‐related variables (e.g., treatment types and cancer severity). Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.