bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Copper‐Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Halides with Aqueous Ammonia under Mild Conditions
Authors: Quan Zhengjun , Xia Haidong , Zhang Zhang , Da Yuxia , Wang Xicun 
Published: April 2013

AbstractA Cu(I) generated in situ from CuSO4·5H2O/sodium ascorbate catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction of aryl halides with aqueous ammonia for the synthesis of primary aromatic amines has been developed. Key to the success included the application of aqueous ammonia under a homogeneous condition.
Copper Hydride‐Catalyzed Conjugate Reduction‐Aldol Addition Domino Reaction of α,β‐Unsaturated Carboxylates with Ketones
Authors: Li Zengchang , Jiang Lan , Li Zhengning , Chen Huiying 
Published: April 2013

AbstractCopper hydride‐catalyzed conjugate reduction‐intermolecular aldol addition domino reactions were realized using α,β‐unsaturated carboxylates as hydride acceptors and a silane as the reducing reagent. High diastereoselectivities were achieved with 4,5‐bis(diphenylphosphino)‐9,9‐dimethylxanthene as the ligand and tert‐butyl acrylate as the hydride acceptor.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Dual Inhibitors of Secretory Phospholipase A2 and Sphingomyelin Synthase
Authors: Gao Xing , Gong Haojun , Men Peng , Zhou Lu , Ye Deyong 
Published: April 2013

AbstractA novel series of eight SMS and sPLA2 dual inhibitors containing indole and α‐amino cyanide fragments of different length and substitution position was synthesized and evaluated by three different in vitro assays. Biological evaluation showed that all compounds provided inhibitory effects against SMS (about 50% inhibition at 100 µmol/L) and sPLA2 (14–32 µmol/L). All the compounds had the SMS activity better than the positive control compound D609 in SMS2 homogenate, with compounds 5b and 5e ideal for liver homogenate and SMS2 high expression cell homogenate, respectively.
A parallel scheme for accelerating parameter sweep applications on a GPU
Authors: Ino Fumihiko , Shigeoka Kentaro , Okuyama Tomohiro , Motokubota Masaya , Hagihara Kenichi 
Published: April 2013

SUMMARYThis paper proposes a parallel scheme for accelerating parameter sweep applications on a graphics processing unit. By using hundreds of cores on the graphics processing unit, we found that our scheme simultaneously processes multiple parameters rather than a single parameter. The simultaneous sweeps exploit the similarity of computing behaviors shared by different parameters, thus allowing memory accesses to be coalesced into a single access if similar irregularities appear among the parameters’ computational tasks. In addition, our scheme reduces the amount of off‐chip memory access by unifying the data that are commonly referenced by multiple parameters and by placing the unified data in the fast on‐chip memory. In several experiments, we applied our scheme to practical applications and found that our scheme can perform up to 8.5 times faster than a naive scheme that processes a single parameter at a time. We also include a discussion on application characteristics that are required for our scheme to outperform the naive scheme. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Heterobimetallic Rare Earth–Lithium Complexes with Fewer Than Three Binaphtholates
Authors: Sircoglou Marie , Yang Jing , Guillot Régis , Bezzenine‐Lafollée Sophie , Gandon Vincent 
Published: April 2013

AbstractHeterobimetallic rare earth–alkali metal binaphtholates (REMBs) are exquisite catalysts for asymmetric synthesis (Shibasaki catalysts). All solid‐state structures reported so far correspond to the general formula M3RE[(S)‐binolate]3 (RE/M/B = 1:3:3 stoichiometry). We have synthesized and characterized crystallographically new complexes of this category, namely Li3RE[(S)‐binolate]3·xTHF [RE = Sc (2), Sm (3)] and Li3Nd[(S)‐binolate]3·6THF·LiCl (4). The latter is the first reported adduct between a REMB and LiCl. We have also crystallized a rare type of REMB of 1:2:2.5 stoichiometry: Li4Sm2[(S)‐binolate]5·6THF·2H2O (5). Such a complex has only one precedent in the literature. The use of (S)‐3,3′‐dimesityl‐1,1′‐binaphthyl‐2,2′‐diol (6) as ligand precursor allowed us to obtain the first X‐ray structures of unprecedented REMBs of 1:1:1 and 1:1:2 stoichiometries: {[(S)‐6]RECl2(THF)2}[Li(THF)2] [RE = Y (7), Sm (8)] and LiY[(S)‐6]2·2THF (9).
A Mild and Efficient Three–Component Synthesis of Secondary and Tertiary Homoallylic Hydrazides
Authors: Lee Bum Seok , Jang Doo Ok 
Published: April 2013

AbstractA three‐component reaction that involved a carbonyl compound, benzoylhydrazine, allyl bromide, and indium in the presence of readily available Zn(ClO4)2·6H2O was developed for the syntheses of secondary and tertiary homoallylic hydrazides. Excellent chemoselectivities and diastereoselectivies were observed. Aldehydes as well as acyclic and cyclic ketones were well‐suited to the reaction conditions and provided secondary and tertiary homoallylic hydrazides in excellent yields.
A simplified methodology for estimating solar spectral influence on photovoltaic energy yield using average photon energy
Authors: Ishii Tetsuyuki , Otani Kenji , Itagaki Akihiko , Utsunomiya Kenji 
Published: April 2013

AbstractNowadays, investors, customers, and even suppliers focus on the bankability of photovoltaic (PV) technologies. However, few studies have investigated the annual net effect of solar spectrum. In this study, we estimate the net effect of the solar spectrum on the annual energy yield of c‐Si and a‐Si modules by two parameters. One parameter is a direct calculation from spectral factor (SF). The other parameter uses average photon energy (APE) and a regression line or curve. The estimations by the two parameters are quite consistent, whereas there is 1.2% difference between the estimations at most. Therefore, APE would be a useful index to quantify the effect of the solar spectrum.
Rational Design of Double‐Check Mercury Ion Chemosensors Based on Photochromic Compounds
Authors: Jin Jiayu , Li Xin , Zhang Junji , Zhao Ping , Tian He 
Published: April 2013

AbstractA new photochromic compound, S1, containing a trans‐cis photoisomerizable unit and a mercury detecting chemosensor unit, has been designed and synthesized. S1 displayed dramatic selectivity for mercury ions over other ions, through fluorescence intensity measurement. In addition, in the photostationary state, a colorimetric response to mercury ions was also achieved. The fluorescence turn‐off of S1 by mercury ions was defined as the first check, while mercury‐induced colorimetric variation in the photostationary state was set as the second check. Thus, a double‐check mercury chemosensor can be achieved.
Impact of hospitalist communication‐skills training on patient‐satisfaction scores
Authors: O'Leary Kevin J. , Darling Tiffani A. , Rauworth Jennifer , Williams Mark V. 
Published: April 2013

BACKGROUNDHospital patient‐satisfaction scores now affect hospital payment, but little research addresses how hospitals or clinicians might improve performance.OBJECTIVETo assess the impact of a communication‐skills training program on patient satisfaction with doctor communication and overall hospital care.DESIGNPreintervention vs postintervention comparison of patient‐satisfaction scores. We designed a communication‐skills training program for hospitalists consisting of three 90‐minute sessions, based on a popular framework.SETTINGNonteaching hospitalist service in an urban academic hospital.MEASUREMENTSDoctor‐communication items from the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) and Press Ganey surveys, and HCAHPS overall hospital rating.RESULTSOverall, 61 (97%) of 63 hospitalists completed the first session, 44 (70%) completed the second session, and 25 (40%) completed the third session of the program. Patient‐satisfaction data was available for 278 patients during the preintervention period and 186 patients during the postintervention period. Two of the 3 HCAHPS and all 5 of the Press Ganey doctor‐communication items were rated higher during the postintervention period, but no result was statistically significant. Similarly, the overall hospital rating was higher during the postintervention period, but the result was not significant. Analyses based on level of hospitalist participation did not show significant differences.CONCLUSIONSPatient satisfaction did not significantly improve after a communication‐skills training program for hospitalists. Because of the small sample size, larger studies are needed to assess whether such a program might truly improve patient satisfaction. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2013;8:315–320. © 2013 Society of Hospital Medicine
Immersed stress method for fluid–structure interaction using anisotropic mesh adaptation
Authors: Hachem E. , Feghali S. , Codina R. , Coupez T. 
Published: April 2013

SUMMARYThis paper presents advancements toward a monolithic solution procedure and anisotropic mesh adaptation for the numerical solution of fluid–structure interaction with complex geometry. First, a new stabilized three‐field stress, velocity, and pressure finite element formulation is presented for modeling the interaction between the fluid (laminar or turbulent) and the rigid body. The presence of the structure will be taken into account by means of an extra stress in the Navier–Stokes equations. The system is solved using a finite element variational multiscale method. We combine this method with anisotropic mesh adaptation to ensure an accurate capturing of the discontinuities at the fluid–solid interface. We assess the behavior and accuracy of the proposed formulation in the simulation of 2D and 3D time‐dependent numerical examples such as the flow past a circular cylinder and turbulent flows behind an immersed helicopter in a forward flight. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A second‐order finite difference approximation for a mathematical model of erythropoiesis
Authors: Ackleh Azmy S. , Thibodeaux Jeremy J. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWe present a second‐order finite difference scheme for approximating solutions of a mathematical model of erythropoiesis, which consists of two nonlinear partial differential equations and one nonlinear ordinary differential equation. We show that the scheme achieves second‐order accuracy for smooth solutions. We compare this scheme to a previously developed first‐order method and show that the first order method requires significantly more computational time to provide solutions with similar accuracy. We also compare this numerical scheme with other well‐known second‐order methods and show that it has better capability in approximating discontinuous solutions. Finally, we present an application to recovery after blood loss. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2013
Trisomies 18 and 13: trends in prevalence and prenatal diagnosis – population based study
Authors: Tonks A. M. , Gornall A. S. , Larkins S. A. , Gardosi J. O. 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine trends in prenatal detection and current estimates of prevalence for trisomies 18 (T18) and 13 (T13) and their implications for screening policy.MethodsWe conducted a cohort study from a population‐based regional anomaly register covering 995 003 births (1995–2009).ResultsThere were 786 affected cases. Total prevalence of T18 increased from 3.95 in 1995–1999 to 6.94 per 10 000 births in 2005–2009 (annual trend χ2 = 25.99, p < 0.001) and live birth prevalence, when adjusted for in utero attrition, increased from 1.47 to 2.30 per 10 000 births over the same time (annual trend χ2 = 6.36, p = 0.01). For T18 and T13 combined, the proportion of cases diagnosed by prenatal karyotype or suspected by ultrasound increased from 85.1% (165/194) in 1995–1999 to 95.2% (299/314) in 2005–2009 (p < 0.001). In 2005–2009, 50.3% of prenatal cytogenetic diagnoses for T18 and 38.5% of T13 were made after the discovery of first trimester ultrasound anomalies, and the majority, 56.4% (185/328), of affected pregnancies were karyotyped or had ended before 18 weeks.ConclusionT18 is increasing in prevalence because of maternal age and earlier surveillance. Prenatal diagnosis occurs mostly in the first trimester, without the intrinsic structures of a formal screening programme. These findings support the extension of first trimester combined screening to include T18 and T13. © 2013 Crown copyright.
A Poisson Regression Model to Examine Spatial Patterns in Antenatal Care Utilisation in Nigeria
Authors: Gayawan Ezra 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTDespite the benefits of antenat]al care to the mother and the child, it is available less often in sub‐Saharan Africa than in other regions. Coverage of at least four visits is lower, with a slower rate of increase, than in other regions of the world. Using data from 2008 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey, we applied a Poisson regression model with geo‐additive predictors to analyse individual‐level and community‐level determinants of antenatal care utilisation and quantify district specific spatial effect. The spatial structure was modelled using conditional autoregressive prior, whereas the metrical covariates were assumed to be non‐linear. Findings reveal substantial spatial variation with a distinct north–south divide in antenatal care utilisation in Nigeria. The effects of mother's age at birth, partner's age, and marital duration were non‐linear, and utilisation was found to differ significantly between never‐married and ever‐married women respondents. Results further show that older women, particularly those above 35 years old, utilise antenatal care services during pregnancy more than the younger ones. Policymakers and public health providers need to put in more efforts to address these differentials as a minimum of four visits for antenatal care during pregnancy is required by all women in all parts of the country. Allocations for antenatal care services should also take into account the differentials so that those states lagging behind can be brought up, at least to scale with others. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reduced graphene oxide micropatterns as an interface for adherent cells
Authors: Delle Lotta E. , Lanche Ruben , Law Jessica Ka‐Yan , Weil Maryam , Vu Xuan Thang , Wagner Patrick , Ingebrandt Sven 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIn the present study, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is used as a biointerface for the investigation of cell adhesion of human embryonic kidney (HEK 293) cells. A fast, straightforward, and substrate‐independent soft lithography approach known as “Micromolding In Capillaries” (MIMIC) was utilized to pattern graphene oxide (GO) arrays. Large‐scale GO patterns with widths and distances in the micrometer range were obtained and were subsequently reduced to rGO via an environmentally‐friendly procedure using L‐ascorbic acid. Physical characterization of rGO patterns and cells was performed by optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Impedance spectroscopy was used for the electrochemical characterization of GO before and after reduction. Cell adhesion and alignment was strong on the rGO micropatterns. In future assays, the rGO could combine two functions: cellular patterning and electrical interfacing of cells. HEK 293 cells aligning on rGO micro patterns (SEM image)
Nanostructures and thin films of transparent conductive oxides studied by perturbed angular correlations
Authors: Barbosa M. B. , Gonçalves J. N. , Redondo‐Cubero A. , Miranda S. M. C. , Simon R. , Kessler P. , Brandt M. , Henneberger F. , Nogales E. , Méndez B. , Johnston K. , Alves E. , Vianden R. , Araújo J. P. , Lorenz K. , Correia J. G. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe versatility of perturbed angular correlations (PAC) in the study of nanostructures and thin films is demonstrated, namely for the specific cases of ZnO/CdxZn1−xO thin films and Ga2O3 powder pellets and nanowires, examples of transparent conductive oxides. PAC measurements as a function of annealing temperature were performed after implantation of 111mCd/111Cd (T1/2 = 48 min) and later compared to density functional theory simulations. For ZnO, the substitution of Cd probes at Zn sites was observed, as well as the formation of a probe‐defect complex. The ternary CdxZn1−xO (x = 0.16) showed good macroscopic crystal quality but revealed some clustering of local defects around the probe Cd atoms, which could not be annealed. In the Ga2O3 samples, the substitution of the Cd probes in the octahedral Ga‐site was observed, demonstrating the potential of ion‐implantation for the doping of nanowires.
Neue Konzepte im Leichtbau – Innovativer Teleskopausleger eines Mobilkrans
Authors: Hamme Ulrich , Henkel Joachim 
Published: April 2013

AbstractMobilkrane sind unersetzliche Helfer für die Bauwirtschaft und Industrie. Sie haben gegenüber anderen Krangruppen den Vorteil mobil zu sein und können somit sehr flexibel für unterschiedlichste Hubarbeiten eingesetzt werden. In der Regel beschränkt der Gesetzgeber die maximal zulässigen Achslasten eines Mobilkrans auf 12 t. Die Entwicklungsabteilung eines Mobilkranherstellers muss sich der Herausforderung stellen.Ein Mobilkran soll bei geringstem Eigengewicht möglichst schnell eine große Last in eine große Höhe heben. Um diesem Anspruch gerecht zu werden, finden insbesondere im Teleskopausleger Feinkornbaustähle bis zu einer Streckgrenze von 1100 MPa Verwendung. Die hohe Festigkeit dieser schweißbaren Feinkornbaustähle ermöglicht es dem Kranbauer, sehr dünnwandige und leichte Auslegerstrukturen zu entwickeln. Die magische Grenze von 100 m Gesamtlänge bei einem komplett ausgefahrenen Teleskopausleger wurde durch den Einsatz dieser Stähle erreicht. Die dünnwandige Stahlstruktur eines Teleskopauslegers stellt wegen der Stabilitätsgefahr jedoch besondere Anforderungen an die Berechnung und Fertigung.New concepts in lightweigth structures – Innovative telescopic boom of a mobile crane. Mobile cranes are irreplaceable instruments for the building sector and industry. Compared to other crane groups, they have the advantage to be mobile and therefore to be used very flexibly for various lifting works. Normally, legislation limits allowable axle loads of a mobile crane to a maximum of 12 tons. Each development department of a mobile crane manufacturer has to meet the following challenge.A mobile crane with minimum dead load must be able to lift heavy loads to considerable heights as quickly and safely as possible. In order to meet this demand, fine grained steels up to a yield point of 1100 Mpa are used in particular for telescopic booms.The high structural strength of these weldable fine grained steels allows the crane manufacturer to develop very thin and lightweight boom structures. The use of these steels enables a magic limit of 100m in total length for a fully extended telescopic boom. Due to structural stability risk, however, a thin‐walled steel structure of a telescopic boom sets particular demands on calculation and production.
n-3 andn-6 Fatty acids are independently associated with lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Steffen Brian T. , Steffen Lyn M. , Liang Shuang , Tracy Russell , Jenny Nancy Swords , Tsai Michael Y. 
Published: April 2013

Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2(Lp-PLA2) is an independent risk factor for CVD and has been proposed as a marker of vascular inflammation. Polyunsaturatedn-3 fatty acids (FA) and severaln-6 FA are known to suppress inflammation and may influence Lp-PLA2mass and activity. The associations ofn-3 andn-6 plasma FA with Lp-PLA2mass and activity were analysed using linear regression analysis in 2246 participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; statistical adjustments were made to control for body mass, inflammation, lipids, diabetes, and additional clinical and demographic factors. Lp-PLA2mass and activity were significantly lower in participants with the highern-3 FA EPA (β = − 4·72,P< 0·001; β = − 1·53;P= 0·023) and DHA levels (β = − 4·47, β = − 1·87; bothP< 0·001). Those in the highest quintiles of plasma EPA and DHA showed 12·71 and 19·15 ng/ml lower Lp-PLA2mass and 5·7 and 8·90 nmol/min per ml lower Lp-PLA2activity than those in the first quintiles, respectively. In addition, lower Lp-PLA2mass and activity were associated with higher levels ofn-6 arachidonic acid (β = − 1·63, β = − 1·30; bothP< 0·001), while γ-linolenic acid was negatively associated with activity (β = − 27·7,P= 0·027). Lp-PLA2mass was significantly higher in participants with greater plasma levels ofn-6 linoleic (β = 0·828,P= 0·011) and dihomo-γ-linolenic acids (β = 4·17,P= 0·002). Based on their independent associations with Lp-PLA2mass and activity, certainn-3 andn-6 FA may have additional influences on CVD risk. Intervention studies are warranted to assess whether these macronutrients may directly influence Lp-PLA2expression or activity.
Improvement of the metabolic syndrome profile by soluble fibre – guar gum – in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Dall'Alba Valesca , Silva Flávia Moraes , Antonio Juliana Peçanha , Steemburgo Thais , Royer Caroline Persh , Almeida Jussara Carnevale , Gross Jorge Luiz , Azevedo Mirela Jobim 
Published: April 2013

A diet rich in fibre seems to protect against the metabolic syndrome (MetS), but there is scarce information about the role of fibre intake in patients with the MetS and diabetes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of soluble fibre from partially hydrolysed guar gum (PHGG) on the MetS and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. In the present randomised controlled clinical trial, forty-four patients with type 2 diabetes (males 38·6 %, age 62 (sd9) years, diabetes duration 14·2 (sd9·6) years) and the MetS underwent clinical, laboratory and dietary evaluations at baseline, 4 and 6 weeks. All patients followed their usual diet and the intervention group (n23) received an additional 10 g/d of PHGG. In the intervention group, waist circumference (WC), glycated Hb (HbA1c), 24 h urinary albumin excretion (UAE) and serumtrans-fatty acids (FA) were reduced in comparison with baseline after 4 and 6 weeks: WC 103·5 (sd9·5) to 102·1 (sd10) to 102·3 (sd9·7) cm; HbA1c 6·88 (sd0·99) to 6·64 (sd0·94) to 6·57 (sd0·84) %; 24 h UAE 6·8 (interquartile range 3·0–17·5) to 4·5 (interquartile range 3·0–10·5) to 6·2 (interquartile range 3·0–9·5) mg;trans-FA 71 (interquartile range 46–137) to 67 (interquartile range 48–98) to 57 (interquartile range 30–110) mg/l (P< 0·05 for all). The only change in the control group was weight reduction: 77·0 (sd13·5) to 76·2 (sd13·3) to 76·1 (sd13·4) kg (P= 0·005). Other MetS components (blood pressure, TAG, HDL-cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose), total and LDL-cholesterol, C-reactive protein and endothelin-1 did not change in either group. In patients with type 2 diabetes and the MetS, the addition of PHGG to the usual diet improved cardiovascular and metabolic profiles by reducing WC, HbA1c, UAE andtrans-FA.