bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative Cetuximab, Irinotecan, Cisplatin, and Radiation Therapy for Patients With Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Lee Michael S. , Mamon Harvey J. , Hong Theodore S. , Choi Noah C. , Fidias Panagiotis M. , Kwak Eunice L. , Meyerhardt Jeffrey A. , Ryan David P. , Bueno Raphael , Donahue Dean M. , Jaklitsch Michael T. , Lanuti Michael , Rattner David W. , Fuchs Charles S. , Enzinger Peter C. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Purpose.
To determine the efficacy and toxicity of weekly neoadjuvant cetuximab combined with irinotecan, cisplatin, and radiation therapy in patients with locally advanced esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer.

Methods and Materials.
Patients with stage IIA–IVA esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer were enrolled in a Simon's two-stage phase II study. Patients received weekly cetuximab on weeks 0–8 and irinotecan and cisplatin on weeks 1, 2, 4, and 5, with concurrent radiotherapy (50.4 Gy on weeks 1–6), followed by surgical resection.

Results.
In the first stage, 17 patients were enrolled, 16 of whom had adenocarcinoma. Because of a low pathologic complete response (pCR) rate in this cohort, the trial was discontinued for patients with adenocarcinoma but squamous cell carcinoma patients continued to be enrolled; two additional patients were enrolled before the study was closed as a result of poor accrual. Of the 19 patients enrolled, 18 patients proceeded to surgery, and 16 patients underwent an R0 resection. Three patients (16%) had a pCR. The median progression-free survival interval was 10 months, and the median overall survival duration was 31 months. Severe neutropenia occurred in 47% of patients, and severe diarrhea occurred in 47% of patients. One patient died preoperatively from sepsis, and one patient died prior to hospital discharge following surgical resection.

Conclusions.
This schedule of cetuximab in combination with irinotecan, cisplatin, and radiation therapy was toxic and did not achieve a sufficient pCR rate in patients with localized esophageal adenocarcinoma to undergo further evaluation.
Breast Implant–Associated ALCL: A Unique Entity in the Spectrum of CD30+ Lymphoproliferative Disorders
Authors: Story Sara K. , Schowalter Michael K. , Geskin Larisa J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractLearning ObjectivesDescribe the spectrum of diseases, represented by CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs), that can give rise to a reactive process. Discuss the favorable prognoses of reactive CD30+ LPDs and how they do not therefore require aggressive therapy. Explain how implant-associated ALCL (iALCL) follows Hanahan and Weinberg's principles and acquires the ability to metastasize with new mutations.CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders represent a spectrum of diseases with distinct clinical phenotypes ranging from reactive conditions to aggressive systemic anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)− anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). In January 2011, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced a possible association between breast implants and ALCL, which was likened to systemic ALCL and treated accordingly. We analyzed existing data to see if implant-associated ALCL (iALCL) may represent a distinct entity, different from aggressive ALCL. We conducted a systematic review of publications regarding ALCL and breast implantation for 1990–2012 and contacted corresponding authors to obtain long-term follow-up where available. We identified 44 unique cases of iALCL, the majority of which were associated with seroma, had an ALK− phenotype (97%), and had a good prognosis, different from the expected 40% 5-year survival rate of patients with ALK− nodal ALCL (one case remitted spontaneously following implant removal; only two deaths have been reported to the FDA or in the scientific literature since 1990). The majority of these patients received cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone with or without radiation, but radiation alone also resulted in complete clinical responses. It appears that iALCL demonstrates a strong association with breast implants, a waxing and waning course, and an overall good prognosis, with morphology, cytokine profile, and biological behavior similar to those of primary cutaneous ALCL. Taken together, these data are suggestive that iALCL may start as a reactive process with the potential to progress and acquire an aggressive phenotype typical of its systemic counterpart. A larger analysis and prospective evaluation and follow-up of iALCL patients are necessary to definitively resolve the issue of the natural course of the disease and best therapeutic approaches for these patients.
Mathematical Cognition in Metaphors Expressed Through Photography / Matematyczne Poznanie Poprzez Metafory Wyrażone Fotografią
Authors: Makiewicz Małgorzata 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The paper signals the foundations of the new method of teaching mathematics that is currently emerging from the concept of human cognition and the constructivist paradigm. The presented examples of the hermeneutic research conducted for 17 years are concerned with an analysis of the formulated mathematical problems in the language of photographic metaphors. Thoughts expressed through the photographic image and text consisting of the caption and the description (dual coding) reveal the structure of cognitive networks of authors of photographs, which has a special significance in creation of the new didactics that will fulfil the needs of the contemporary photosociety. Mathematical photoeducation free transition between art and mathematics lies on the student’s artistic sensitivity and on enlivening the student’s cognitive expression in a space distant from the classroom (at a lake, in the playground, on the skating ring or during a field excursion to a mineral museum). It utilizes the student’s natural interest in observable natural phenomena and in man-made objects. This kind of creativity, which relies on independent uncovering or constructing of knowledge with the help of a photographic camera, opens the gates to an entirely new space of mathematical didactics, as it brings to students’ awareness specific ways of association leading to accomplishment cognitive processes in relation to abstract mathematical objects.
Affix Acquisition Order in Serbian EFL Learners
Authors: Danilović Jelena , Savić Jovana Dimitrijević , Dimitrijević Marta 
Published: February 2013

AbstractGiven that affix knowledge plays a vital role in the development of L1/L2 knowledge, the aim of this paper is to explore Mochizuki and Aizawa’s (2000) notion about the order of affix acquisition in the Serbian EFL context. We will attempt to analyze correlations between the EFL learners’ vocabulary size and their affix knowledge and postulate the order of affix acquisition.
Internalization and Production of Metaphorical Expressions with EFL Students
Authors: Radić-Bojanić Biljana 
Published: February 2013

Abstract The paper presents the results of qualitative research with 20 EFL students, who were exposed to structured metaphorical input for one academic year. It will be demonstrated how metaphorical expressions covered in classes are used spontaneously by students in writing tasks some time after they had been introduced and practiced, which is clear evidence of internalization that surfaces during production.
Queenship, Power, and Elizabethan Mentalities in Shakespeare’s Histories
Authors: Percec Dana 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The paper looks at the way in which the notion of queenship - in connection or in contrast with that of kingship and royalty in general - is reflected in Shakespeare’s historical tetralogies and in Henry VIII. It is argued that all royal figures, male and female, featured in these plays, are presented by Shakespeare in accordance not only with Tudor historiography, but also with Elizabeth I’s own strategies of self-representation. Thus, the major notions to be looked into are virtue, legitimacy, agency, as well as, more generally, early modern religious and political issues concerning gender relations
Analysis of sediment particle velocity in wave motion based on wave flume experiments
Authors: Krupiński Adam 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The experiment described was one of the elements of research into sediment transport conducted by the Division of Geotechnics of West-Pomeranian University of Technology. The experimental analyses were performed within the framework of the project “Building a knowledge transfer network on the directions and perspectives of developing wave laboratory and in situ research using innovative research equipment” launched by the Institute of Hydroengineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Gdańsk. The objective of the experiment was to determine relations between sediment transport and wave motion parameters and then use the obtained results to modify formulas defining sediment transport in rivers, like Ackers-White formula, by introducing basic parameters of wave motion as the force generating bed material transport. The article presents selected results of the experiment concerning sediment velocity field analysis conducted for different parameters of wave motion. The velocity vectors of particles suspended in water were measured with a Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) apparatus registering suspended particles in a measurement flume by producing a series of laser pulses and analysing their displacement with a high-sensitivity camera connected to a computer. The article presents velocity fields of suspended bed material particles measured in the longitudinal section of the wave flume and their comparison with water velocity profiles calculated for the definite wave parameters. The results presented will be used in further research for relating parameters essential for the description of monochromatic wave motion to basic sediment transport parameters and „transforming” mean velocity and dynamic velocity in steady motion to mean wave front velocity and dynamic velocity in wave motion for a single wave.
Wind Influence on the Formation of Nearshore Currents in the Southern Baltic: Numerical Modelling Results
Authors: Sokolov Andrei , Chubarenko Boris 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
A two-dimensional numerical model was used for a simulation of vertical average longshore currents generated by both wind friction and wind-wave action in the nearshore zone. The modelling domain includes the southern part of the Baltic Proper (all boundaries were closed). Wind, uniform in space and varying in time, was the only forcing in the model. The correlation coefficient higher than 0.8 was obtained by model calibration versus the field measurements of currents conducted at the Lubiatowo field station (southern Baltic) during about 1.5 months in 2006. Comparative simulations of total currents including both wind-induced drift and wave components, and of total currents including only a wind-induced drift component, showed that the input of the drift component into currents in the nearshore zone is greater than commonly believed.Wind-induced drift strongly dominates outside the zone of wave transformation, and its input into the total resulting currents remains noticeable even in a zone between the shoreline and the depth of the first wave breaking. Thus, wind-induced drift constitutes up to 50% of the resulting longshore currents for longshore winds and no less than 20% of the longshore component of currents for winds at 45 degrees to the longshore direction.
Assessment of L-Arginine as an Effect of Exogenous Nitric Oxide (No) on Expression of Markers of Cellular Stress in Rats’ Hepatocytes
Authors: Pedrycz Agnieszka , Boratyński Zbigniew , Orłowski Marcin , Siermontowski Piotr 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The aim of this study was immunohistochemical evaluation of heat shock protein (Hsp70) and p-53 proteins in the Larginine- induced cellular stress in hepatocytes of rats. Sixteen white Wistar female rats were divided into two equal groups. The rats from the experimental group received per os 40 mg/kg b.w. of L-arginine every day for 2 weeks and were decapitated after 3 weeks of the experiment. The rats from the control group received in the same manner 2 ml of distilled water and were decapitated after 3 weeks of the experiment. After decapitation specimens from the liver were collected, fixed in 10% formalin, and then embedded in paraffin blocks. Proteins Hsp70 and p-53 were detected on slides using the standard three step immunohistochemical method. The quantitative evaluation of Hsp70 and p-53 expression showed that the area of positive staining in the liver of the experimental rats (Hsp70 305,763.00 μm² +/-58,289.66, p-53 9,551.42 μm² +/-1,078.86) was comparable to that in the control groups (Hsp70 291,636.80 μm² +/-34,492.31, p-53 14,104.67 μm² +/-3,571.35). Our experiment showed, that L-arginine as a precursor of exogenous nitric oxide given to rats in dose similar to that used in pregnant women treated for hypertension did not exhibit an influence on hepatocytes.
Influence of 8-Hour Road Transportation on Selected Physiological Parameters in Horses
Authors: Niedźwiedź Artur , Zawadzki Marcin , Filipowski Henryk , Nicpoń Józef 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the physiological responses in mature healthy horses prior to an 8 h transport, as well as immediately and 24 h after transportation in a horse truck, under autumn conditions typical for central Poland. The study was conducted on a group of 60 horses of different breed. Horses ranged from 4 to 10 years of age. Venous blood was taken 3 times: I - directly before loading the horses to the trailer, II - directly after unloading the horses from the trailer, III - after period of 24 h resting. There was no change in the concentrations of urea, cholesterol, creatinine, and magnesium and in the activity of alkaline phosphatase during the three subsequent samplings. Albumin, total protein, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, creatine kinase, and triglycerides were mostly influenced by the transport. The obtained results indicate that the transportation of horses alters concentrations of physiological variables of their metabolism.
Effect of PRNP Gene Polymorphism on Reproductive Performance of Mother Sheep and their Offspring Growth
Authors: Gruszecki Tomasz M. , Greguła-Kania Monika , Niżnikowski Roman , Pięta Mirosław , Kostro Krzysztof , Szymanowska Anna , Miduch Anna , Strzelec Ewa 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The polymorphism of prion protein (PrP) amino acids in codons 136 (A/V), 154 (R/H); and 171 (Q/R/H) was established. Reproductive performance of mother sheep was evaluated analysing the fertility coefficient and litter size, i.e. the number of born and reared lambs. The studies included mothers of synthetic lines BCP - 111 sheep and SCP - 104 sheep born in 2001-2007. In the examined ovine PRNP gene, the following four alleles were identified: ARR, AHQ, ARQ, and VRQ, with the absence of the ARH allele. The highest frequency was determined for the ARR (49.8%) and ARQ (45.8%) alleles. In the studied sheep population, the occurrence of seven different genotypes was reported. It was found that 71.6% of the animals had the genotypes ARR/ARR, ARR/ARQ, and ARR/AHQ, which are regarded as the most resistant to scrapie, while 7.9% of the population had ARR/VRQ-bearing genotypes (low resistance) or ARQ/VRQ ones (high susceptibility to scrapie). The analysis of the obtained results indicates that the PRNP genotype does not affect reproduction efficiency of mothers, or their offspring growth. It was concluded that flock elimination of ewes of genotypes with high and very high susceptibility to scrapie will not reduce the reproduction parameters of ewes or growth of their lambs.
Determination of Chlorotetracycline and Doxycycline in Medicated Feedingstuffs by Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Patyra Ewelina , Kowalczyk Ewelina , Kwiatek Krzysztof 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
High performance liquid chromatography method with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) was developed and optimised for the determination of tetracyclines (TCs) in medicated feedingstuffs. The extraction of the analyte from feedingstuffs was performed with Na2EDTA-McIlvaine buffer (pH 2.5 and pH 4). The extracts were cleaned up by solid phase extraction using octadecyl cartridges (C18). The samples were dried up and redissolved in the mixture of oxalic acid and methanol. Separation was performed on reserved phase column (Phenomenex C18, 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μm) by multistep gradient elution, which provided better chromatographic separation. The analysis was performed at a wavelength of 390 nm. Validation study of the method revealed that all obtained calibration curves showed good linearity R= 0.9985 for doxycycline (DC) and R= 0.9981 for chlorotetracycline (CTC) over the range of 25-2,000 mg/kg. The analytical procedure was successfully adapted for quantitative determination of DC and CTC in medicated feedingstuff samples. Validation included determination of specificity, linearity, and repeatability. Mean recovery for spiked samples was 93.1% for CTC and 93.2% for DC. The results of validation of the analytical procedure proved that presented method is efficient, precise and useful for quantification of DC and CTC in medicated feedingstuffs.
Efficacy of Intestinal Scraping Technique in the Detection of Echinococcus Multilocularis - Estimation of the Limit of the Detection and Comparison with Sedimentation and Counting Technique
Authors: Karamon Jacek , Sroka Jacek , Cencek Tomasz , Kochanowski Maciej , Dąbrowska Joanna 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The aim of the study was to estimate the effectiveness of intestinal scraping technique (IST) in the detection of Echinococcus multilocularis. The experimental assessment of the limit of detection and comparison with “gold standard” (sedimentation and counting technique - SCT) was also performed. Samples of fox small intestines experimentally enriched with known numbers of E. multilocularis tapeworms, were used. Twenty four samples containing 10, 30, 60, and 90 E. multilocularis tapeworms were prepared. Moreover, in order to compare IST with SCT, 127 intestines of foxes were examined using both methods. The limit of detection was estimated at 30 E. multilocularis tapeworms per sample of the intestine. Moreover, mean number of Echinococcus found by IST were several dozen times lower than the real content of these tapeworms in the samples (on average only 2 to 3.2% of worms were recovered). Among 127 intestinal samples examined with the use of two methods, eight samples (8.2%) were positive by SCT and only two (1.6%) when IST was used. A relatively high limit of detection estimated experimentally in the first part of the study, as well as, the results obtained in field investigations showed clearly that IST method could significantly decrease the reliability of the results of investigations, especially carried out in regions where a very low prevalence of E.
multilocularis occurs or in countries, which want to demonstrate that they are free from this parasite.
The Roman Catholic parish in Poland as the local community
Authors: Mariański Janusz 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
In the Roman Catholic Church a parish is the smallest legal unit and it is the milieu for religious, social, and cultural activities for a group of people joined together in a geographical area. The purpose of this article is a sociological study examining the Catholic parish in Poland as a local community. Today a parish along with its community is exposed to social change and to myriad forces characteristic of the postmodern culture. In Poland two opposite forces characterize the life of a parish community: on the one side, secularization and individualization, and on the other side, socialization and evangelization. The subjective dimension of a local community, which is related to identification of people with a local parish, along with social bonds with the parish as a local community, are discussed in the first two sections of the article. In subsequent sections some issues related to common activities, membership in movements, religious communities, and Catholic associations within the parish will be presented. While the agency of people in the parish community is theoretically acknowledged, it is still not fully implemented. The discussion is based on the data obtained from major public opinion institutes in Poland.
Topical Treatment of Infantile Hemangiomas – Where Are We Now? / Topikalni tretman infantilnih hemangioma – gde smo danas?
Authors: Semkova Kristina , Marina Sonya , Kazandjieva Jana 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Infantile hemangiomas are the most common, benign vascular tumors of infancy. Their main feature is spontaneous involution over months to years after an initial phase of rapid proliferation. Small, superficial lesions usually resolve without sequel, but scarring and disfigurement are still possible, while the cosmetic outcome is unpredictable. Thus, inflantile hemangiomas benefit from non-aggressive topical treatment, because it is safe and with an overall outcome comparable to spontaneous involution. The available topical agents reported in the literature to satisfy these requirements are topical beta-blockers, imiquimod and topical corticosteroids. However, none of these have been assessed in randomized controlled trials, and standardized treatment recommendations about precise dosing and patient selection are not available yet.
Atypical presentations of primary genital syphilis in HIV-negative homosexually active men: a case series
Authors: Bjekić Milan D. , Marković Milica D. , Šipetić Sandra B. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
We report four cases of primary syphilis of the penis in HIV-negative men having unprotected insertive oral sexual intercourse with men. Patients presented with atypical penile lesions mimicking genital herpes, balanitis, lichen planus and fi xed drug eruption. Syphilis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of other genital diseases, both sexually or non-sexually transmitted. Considering the increasing incidence of atypical manifestations of syphilis, serological tests for syphilis should also be performed more often.
Nasjonal Identitet, Det Overnaturlige, Og Oversettelsesstrategier
Authors: Lange Tadeusz Wojciech 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
The article discusses translation strategies used by the author when dealing with culture-specific references/concepts in the rendition in Polish of the Norwegian fantasy trilogy The Sign of the
Elves by Sigbjørn Mostue. The challenge here lay in that the novels feature a number of characters inspired by Norwegian folklore. Of the following translation strategies that in the author’s opinion are possible, but not as yet fully listed anywhere, i.e. 1) direct borrowing 2) literal translation 3) direct borrowing + footnote 4) literal translation + footnote 5) direct borrowing + descriptive explanation 6) literal translation + descriptive explanation 7) substitution with another reference from source culture 8) substitution with another reference from target culture 9) substitution with another reference from universal/global culture 10) substitution with translator’s own coinage 11) evasion by simplification 12) evasion by omission, strategies 1, 2, 5, 8, 9, 10 and 11 were used in the translation in question. In his choice of the (mostly functional) equivalents in the target language, the translator drew upon two main sources: Slavic demonology and role-playing games (RPGs).