bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lack of Acute Agomelatine Effect in a Model of Social Anxiety in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: dos Santos Rafael G. , da Silva Dias Isabella C. , Zuardi Antonio W. , Queiroz Regina H. C. , Guimarães Francisco S. , Hallak Jaime E. C. , Crippa José Alexandre S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Agomelatine is an antidepressant drug that acts as an agonist of melatoninergic MT1/2 receptors and an antagonist of serotonergic 5-HT2C receptors. Studies suggest that agomelatine has anxiolytic properties in social anxiety, but there are no studies that assessed the effects of this compound in human experimental anxiety induced by a public speaking test. The objective of our investigation was to assess the effects of agomelatine on human experimental anxiety using the Simulation Public Speaking Test (SPST).

Methods
Agomelatine (25 mg, n = 14), citalopram (20 mg, n = 14), venlafaxine (75 mg, n = 14), or placebo (n = 14) were administered in single doses to healthy volunteers in a double-blind study. Subjective anxiety was assessed with the Visual Analogue Mood Scale. Arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and blood levels of prolactin and cortisol were also recorded, as well as plasma levels of the 3 drugs.

Results
The SPST induced significant subjective, physiological, and hormonal effects in all groups. The SPST also increased the anxiety and decreased mental sedation Visual Analogue Mood Scale factors during the anticipatory and performance phases of the test. Citalopram increased anxiety during the test in females, whereas agomelatine and venlafaxine were not different from placebo.

Conclusions
Confirming previous results, a serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor, citalopram, caused an anxiogenic effect in the SPST only in females. Acute administration of a low dose of agomelatine failed to modify the behavioral and physiological changes caused by this test. Future studies using higher doses and repeated administration should investigate if agomelatine behavioral and physiological effects could be detected in human experimental anxiety models.
Evaluating the effectiveness of cytoreductive surgery in oligometastatic prostate cancer: insights from quantitative analysis and retrospective cohort studies
Authors: Cheng Bisheng , Li Bingheng , Fu Jianhan , Wang Qiong , Luo Tianlong , Li Zean , Peng Shirong , Wu Jilin , Zhou Qianghua , Wu Peng , Huang Hai 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Oligometastatic prostate cancer (OmPCa) is characterized by a restricted number of metastatic lesions confined to a limited organ range, presenting a distinct clinical challenge. The role of cytoreductive prostatectomy (CRP) in managing this specific metastatic stage has gained attention but remains controversial. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of CRP in OmPCa by synthesizing outcomes from previous studies and analyzing data from a multicenter, retrospective cohort.

Methods:
We focused on evaluating overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and castration-resistant prostate cancer-free survival (CRPCFS) as primary outcomes. A multicenter comparative retrospective analysis was also conducted on OmPCa patients treated with CRP versus those receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) alone from January 2008 to June 2018. We gathered and analyzed data on patient demographics, tumor characteristics, surgical outcomes, and survival metrics.

Results:
The quantitative analysis included 18 studies [2 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 16 non-RCT studies], comprising a total of 1733 patients with OmPCa, and this is the largest number of samples included in the same subject research at present. The pooled analysis demonstrated that cytoreductive surgery was associated with significantly improved OS [hazard ratio (HR) 0.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.40–0.60], PFS (HR 0.39, 95% CI 0.27–0.51), CSS (HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.23–0.65), and CRPCFS (HR 0.48, 95% CI 0.36–0.59) compared to nonsurgical management. In addition, OS, PFS, and CRPCFS showed better results in the CRP group in all analyses (RCTs and non-RCTs). Additionally, in our multicenter retrospective research analysis, 64 patients with OmPCa were included, 32 underwent CRP (50%) and 32 underwent ADT alone (50%). The median follow-up time was 40.1 (18.9–51.3) months. The OS (P=0.0182), PFS (P=0.0297), and CRPCFS (P=0.0125) had statistical differences between the two matched cohorts. Moreover, we observed 8 (25%) cases of perioperative complications, with the most common being urinary incontinence (9.4%).

Conclusions:
Incorporating CRP alongside ADT in the treatment protocol for OmPCa significantly enhances patient outcomes in terms of OS, PFS, and CRPC-free survival, underscoring the potential benefit of this surgical approach in the specified patient population.
Preinjection With Ligation-Assisted Endoscopic Mucosal Resection for Barrett’s Dysplasia and Early Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Williams Thomas J. , Hlaing Phyu , Maher Adrian M. , Walker Neal , Kendall Bradley J. , Holtmann Gerald , Hourigan Luke F. 
Published: July 2024

Background and Aim:
Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is an established technique for the diagnosis and treatment of high-grade dysplasia (HGD) and early esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) in Barrett’s esophagus. Submucosal preinjection is not universally used or generally recommended when performing routine ligation-assisted EMR. Prior studies, however, have demonstrated evidence of at least superficial muscle injury on ligation-assisted EMR without submucosal injection. There are limited published data supporting any potential benefit of submucosal preinjection. Our aim was to review this technique and determine the rate of any degree of muscle injury in patients with Barrett’s HGD and EAC treated with submucosal preinjection before ligation-assisted EMR.

Methods:
Patients undergoing submucosal preinjection before ligation-assisted EMR for Barrett’s esophagus at a single institution between 2012 and 2016 were identified. Data were collected regarding patient demographics and medical history, endoscopy and histopathology findings, adverse events, and subsequent outcomes. All EMR specimens were reviewed by an expert gastrointestinal pathologist.

Results:
One hundred fifty consecutive EMR procedures were performed on 70 patients. Of 70 patients, 85.7% of patients were men, with a median age of 68 years. EAC was identified in 75 specimens (50%) and HGD in 44 specimens (29.3%). Deep resection margins were clear of adenocarcinoma in all specimens. Muscularis propria was not identified in any of the 150 specimens. There were no cases of post-EMR perforation.

Conclusions:
Preinjection before ligation-assisted EMR achieved complete excision with histologically clear margins, without histological evidence of any inadvertent muscularis propria.
The Complex Relationship Between Pain, Mental Health, and Quality-of-Life in Patients With Cirrhosis Undergoing Liver Transplant Evaluation
Authors: Wong Randi J. , Loeb Rebecca , Seal Karen H. , Barry Fawzy , Stark Kent Dorothea , Seetharaman Sri , Sharma Arjun , Lai Jennifer C. , Rubin Jessica B. 
Published: July 2024

Goals and Background:
Patients with cirrhosis undergoing liver transplant evaluation have high rates of pain and mental health comorbidities; both may significantly impair health-related quality of life (HRQL). We investigated the association between pain, anxiety/depression, and HRQL in this population.

Study:
In 62 patients with cirrhosis undergoing liver transplant evaluation, we performed 4 validated assessments to characterize: pain (Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form, BPI-SF), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-8), and liver-specific HRQL (Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire). The presence of pain was determined using the BPI-SF screening question. Linear regression was used to identify demographic or clinical factors predictive of pain severity (PS) and interference (PI) and to evaluate the association between pain, anxiety/depression, and HRQL.

Results:
Seventy-one percent of patients reported pain, 26% had clinical depression, and 24% had moderate-severe anxiety. Neither liver disease severity, nor its complications were associated with pain (PS or PI), but anxiety and depression were predictors of pain on bivariate analysis. Only depression remained a significant predictor of PS (b=0.28, P<0.05) and PI (b=0.30, P<0.05) in multivariable models. HRQL was inversely associated with PS, PI, depression, and anxiety, but only anxiety (b=−0.14, P=0.003) remained associated with HRQL in the adjusted model.

Conclusions:
Pain is present in over 70% of patients with cirrhosis undergoing liver transplant evaluation. Anxiety and depression were highly correlated with pain and appeared to be key drivers in predicting poor HRQL. Evaluating and managing mental health comorbidities should be explored as a strategy to improve HRQL in patients with cirrhosis and pain.
Bowel Perforation Caused by Biliary Stent Migration After ERCP
Authors: Wilson Natalie , Ezeani Chukwunonso , Ismail Abdellatif , Abdalla Monzer , Mohammed Shaikhoon , Abdalla Abubaker , Elawad Ayman , Beran Azizullah , Jaber Fouad , Abosheaishaa Hazem , Loon Erica , Abdallah Mohamed , Vargo John , Bilal Mohammad , Chahal Prabhleen 
Published: July 2024

Goals:This systematic review aims to evaluate the risk factors, clinical features, and outcomes of bowel perforation caused by stent migration after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).Background:Distal migration of biliary stents can occur after ERCP. Upon migration, most stents pass through the intestine without adverse events; however, bowel perforation has been reported.Study:A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases was conducted through October 2023 for articles that reported bowel perforation because of stent migration. Cases of incomplete stent migration and proximal stent migration were excluded. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines to identify full-length articles in English reporting.Results:Of 2041 articles retrieved on the initial search, 92 met the inclusion criteria. A total of 132 cases of bowel perforation occurred due to stent migration after ERCP (56.1% female; average age: 66 y). The median time from initial ERCP to perforation was 44.5 days (IQR 12.5–125.5). Most cases of perforation occurred in the small bowel (64.4%) compared with the colon (34.8%). Stents were mostly plastic (87.1%) with a median diameter of 10 Fr (IQR 8.5–10) and median length of 10.3 cm (IQR 715). Surgical management was pursued in 52.3% and endoscopic management in 42.4%. Bowel resection was required for 25.8% of patients. The overall mortality rate was 17.4%.Conclusion:In summary, this study demonstrates that bowel perforation after ERCP stent migration primarily occurs within 44.5 days and most frequently with a 10 Fr plastic biliary stent. The overall mortality rate was 17.4%. It is important for endoscopists to be mindful of this rare but serious adverse event.
Virtual Modeling in Gender-Affirming Facial Masculinization Surgery
Authors: Moghadam Shahrzad , LaGuardia Jonnby S. , Chin Madeline G. , Huang Kelly X. , Bedar Meiwand , Lee Justine C. 
Published: July 2024

Summary:
The increase in access to facial gender-affirming surgery has resulted in an increase in facial feminization procedures for transfeminine and gender nonbinary populations. However, refined execution of facial masculinization is challenged by the lack of defined measurements for facial augmentation, the lack of long-term predictability in autologous bone grafting in augmentation procedures, and the lack of precision in traditional facial augmentation procedures with generic alloplastic implants. The authors describe an innovation in facial masculinization surgery using modern reconstructive craniofacial surgical techniques with preoperative virtual modeling and the fabrication of 3-dimensionally printed, patient-specific custom implants.
Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression Provides Incremental Prognostic Value and Optimizes Risk Reclassification by Computed Tomography Angiography
Authors: Meng Qingchao , An Yunqiang , Zhao Li , Zhao Na , Yan Hankun , Wang Jingxi , Zhou Yutao , Lu Bin , Gao Yang 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
This study investigated the prognostic value and risk reclassification ability of coronary atherosclerosis progression through serial coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).

Materials and Methods:
This study enrolled patients with suspected or confirmed coronary artery disease who underwent serial CCTA. Coronary atherosclerosis progression was represented by coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and segment stenosis score (SSS) progression. The baseline and follow-up CCTA characteristics and coronary atherosclerosis progression were compared. Furthermore, the incremental prognostic value and reclassification ability of three models (model 1, baseline risk factors; model 2, model 1 + SSS; and model 3, model 2 + SSS progression) for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) were compared.

Results:
In total, 516 patients (aged 56.40 ± 9.56 y, 67.4% men) were enrolled. During a mean follow-up of 65.29 months, 114 MACE occurred. The MACE group exhibited higher CACS and SSS than the non-MACE group at baseline and follow-up CCTA (P < 0.001), and demonstrated higher coronary atherosclerosis progression than the non-MACE group (ΔSSS: 2.63 ± 2.50 vs 1.06 ± 1.78, P < 0.001; ΔCACS: 115.15 ± 186.66 vs 89.91 ± 173.08, P = 0.019). SSS progression provided additional prognostic information (C-index = 0.757 vs 0.715, P < 0.001; integrated discrimination index = 0.066, P < 0.001) and improved the reclassification ability of risk (categorical-net reclassification index = 0.149, P = 0.015) compared with model 2.

Conclusions:
Coronary atherosclerosis progression through CCTA significantly increased the prognostic value and risk stratification for MACE compared with baseline risk factor evaluation and CCTA only.
Introducing Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Orhan Adile , Justesen Tobias F. , Raskov Hans , Qvortrup Camilla , Gögenur Ismail 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
To give surgeons a review of the current and future use of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in patients with localized colorectal cancer (CRC).

Background:
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the standard of care in oncology and improved survival outcomes in several cancers. However, the applicability of immunotherapy is still an ongoing challenge. Some cancer types are less responsive to immunotherapy, and the heterogeneity in responses within cancer types is poorly understood. Clinical characteristics of the patient, the timing of immunotherapy in relation to surgery, diversities in the immune responses, clonal heterogeneity, different features of the tumor microenvironment, and genetic alterations are some factors among many that may influence the efficacy of immunotherapy.

Results:
In this narrative review, we describe the major types of immunotherapy used to treat localized CRC. Furthermore, we discuss the prediction of response to immunotherapy in relation to biomarkers and radiologic assessment. Finally, we consider the future perspectives of clinical implications and response patterns, as well as the potential and challenges of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in localized CRC.

Conclusions:
Establishing mismatch repair (MMR) status at the time of diagnosis is central to the potential use of neoadjuvant immunotherapy, in particular immune checkpoint inhibitors, in localized CRC. To date, efficacy is primarily seen in patients with deficient MMR status and polymerase epsilon mutations, although a small group of patients with proficient MMR does respond. In conclusion, neoadjuvant immunotherapy shows promising complete response rates, which may open a future avenue of an organ-sparing watch-and-wait approach for a group of patients.
On the numerical corroboration of an obstacle problem for linearly elastic flexural shells
Authors: Peng Xin , Piersanti Paolo , Shen Xiaoqin 
Published: July 2024

In this article, we study the numerical corroboration of a variational model governed by a fourth-order elliptic operator that describes the deformation of a linearly elastic flexural shell subjected not to cross a prescribed flat obstacle. The problem under consideration is modelled by means of a set of variational inequalities posed over a non-empty, closed and convex subset of a suitable Sobolev space and is known to admit a unique solution. Qualitative and quantitative numerical experiments corroborating the validity of the model and its asymptotic similarity with Koiter’s model are also presented.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Non-smooth variational problems with applications in mechanics’.
A variational approach to frame-indifferent quasistatic viscoelasticity of rate type
Authors: Şengül Yasemin 
Published: July 2024

The three-dimensional dynamical model for nonlinear viscoelasticity of strain-rate type is investigated in a quasistatic setting under the assumption of higher-order regularity of the deformation, which in the literature is referred to as the case of non-simple materials. The existence of weak solutions is proven using a time-discretization technique while respecting the condition of dynamical frame indifference. Some observations on frame indifference for strain-rate-type stresses are made, and corrections are proposed for some related work in the literature. Finally, a counterexample is given to show that the assumed higher-order regularity is necessary in order to obtain the required compactness.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Non-smooth variational problems with applications in mechanics’.
Hard interfaces with microstructure: the cases of strain gradient elasticity and micropolar elasticity
Authors: Serpilli Michele , Rizzoni Raffaella , Lebon Frédéric 
Published: July 2024

As the size of a layered structure scales down, the adhesive layer thickness correspondingly decreases from macro- to micro-scale. The influence of the material microstructure of the adhesive becomes more pronounced, and possible size effect phenomena can appear. This paper describes the mechanical behaviour of composites made of two solids, bonded together by a thin layer, in the framework of strain gradient and micropolar elasticity. The adhesive layer is assumed to have the same stiffness properties as the adherents. By means of the asymptotic methods, the contact laws are derived at order 0 and order 1. These conditions represent a formal generalization of the hard elastic interface conditions. A simple benchmark equilibrium problem (a three-layer composite micro-bar subjected to an axial load) is developed to numerically assess the asymptotic model. Size effects and non-local phenomena, owing to high strain concentrations at the edges, are highlighted. The example proves the efficiency of the proposed approach in designing micro-scale-layered devices.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Non-smooth variational problems with applications in mechanics’.
Sensing and feeling: an overview
Authors: Poerio Giulia L. , Kondo Hirohito M. , Moore Brian C. J. 
Published: July 2024

Emotional experiences are driven, in part, by the way we process and integrate information from different sensory modalities. Understanding how perceptual and emotional systems interact to give rise to subjective feelings is an important, complex and challenging issue, requiring new approaches and integrative thinking that fuses the fundamentals of low-level sensory perception with higher-level cognitive and affective processes. The Theme Issue ‘Sensing and feeling: an integrative approach to sensory processing and emotional experience’ showcases fifteen theoretical, empirical, and review articles from experts working at the intersection of perception and emotion, encompassing multiple sensory systems (visual, auditory, tactile and interoceptive), clinical and non-clinical perspectives (e.g. affective disorders and hearing loss), contextual and social perspectives, and complex emotional experiences in special populations. Articles in Part 1 emphasize recent advances across fields in sensory and emotion science and give insights into future directions. Each article in Part 2 provides more detailed and specific methodological approaches or theoretical models, and focuses on basic mechanisms linking sensation to emotional experience.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Sensing and feeling: an integrative approach to sensory processing and emotional experience’.
The role of environmental sensitivity in the experience and processing of emotions: implications for well-being
Authors: Lionetti Francesca , Pluess Michael 
Published: July 2024

Several theories suggest that people differ significantly in their environmental sensitivity, defined as the capacity to perceive and process information about the environment. More sensitive people, who make up between 25% and 30% of the population, are not only more negatively affected by adverse experiences but also benefit disproportionately from positive ones, in line with differential susceptibility theory. Heightened emotional reactivity has been identified as one of the key markers of sensitivity. However, the current understanding of the relationship between sensitivity and the experience and processing of emotions remains limited. In the current paper we propose a new conceptual framework for the multiple ways in which environmental sensitivity may impact on different aspects of the experience and processing of emotions. This includes heightened perception of emotions, increased emotional reactivity, as well as the important role of emotion regulation for the well-being of highly sensitive people. In addition, we also consider rearing experiences in shaping sensitivity and emotion regulation. The reviewed empirical studies largely support the conceptual model but more research is needed to explore the dynamics between sensitivity and emotions further. Finally, we discuss several implications for well-being before making a case for the inclusion of individual differences in environmental sensitivity in affective science.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Sensing and feeling: an integrative approach to sensory processing and emotional experience’.