bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric Phase Transitions Observed at the Interface of a Field‐Effect Transistor Based on an Organic Mott Insulator
Authors: Yamamoto Hiroshi M. , Kawasugi Yoshitaka , Cui Hengbo , Nakano Masaki , Iwasa Yoshihiro , Kato Reizo 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA high‐quality field‐effect transistor (FET) with an organic Mott insulating channel was fabricated, and its low‐temperature transport properties were measured at various gate voltages (VG). The resistance of the FET showed a clear ambipolar field effect as well as a sudden drop in both the p‐type and n‐type regions, the areas of which merged into one at lower temperatures. These drops in the resistance were attributed to Mott transitions that were induced by electrostatic doping into the FET interface. The n‐type transition started to appear at higher temperatures but showed a relatively narrow VG range relative to that of the p‐type transition. These results are suggestive of electron–hole asymmetry of the Mott‐insulator‐to‐metal or Mott‐insulator‐to‐superconductor transitions in the doped organic correlated materials. A strain on the device was also evaluated by X‐ray diffraction.
Facile Conversion of Cyclopropanols into Linear Conjugate Enones
Authors: Han Wei‐Bo , Li Shao‐Gang , Lu Xiao‐Wei , Wu Yikang 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA practical method for the conversion of 1,2‐disubstituted cyclopropanols derived from Kulinkovich cyclopropanation into linear enones was developed. The approach features regioselective cleavage of the cyclopropane rings in EtOH at ambient temperature with inexpensive and readily available Co(acac)2 as the catalyst and air as the reagent. The crude intermediate peroxides were directly reduced with Ph3P to afford the corresponding β‐hydroxy ketones, which, on mesylation and β‐elimination performed in a one‐pot manner, furnished the end products in good to excellent yields after only one chromatography step at the end of the whole sequence.
New Bisbenzimidazolin‐2‐Ylidene Salts as N‐Heterocyclic Dicarbene Precursors: Synthesis, Characterization, and Involvement in Palladium‐Catalyzed Suzuki Reactions
Authors: Yaşar Sedat , Çekirdek Suzan , Özdemir İsmail 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTA new series of bis‐N‐heterocyclic carbene precursors, LHX (3a–d), have been synthesized and characterized by appropriate spectroscopic techniques and microanalyses. In situ prepared Pd(OAc)2/bis‐N‐heterocyclic carbene precursors catalysts have catalyzed unactivated aryl chlorides on the Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction under mild reaction conditions in aqueous media.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Different Murine Tissues Have Differential Capacity to Metabolize Extracellular Nucleotides
Authors: Iser Isabele C. , Bracco Paula A. , Gonçalves Carlos E.I. , Zanin Rafael F. , Nardi Nance B. , Lenz Guido , Battastini Ana Maria O. , Wink Márcia R. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown a great potential for cell‐based therapy and many different therapeutic purposes. Despite the recent advances in the knowledge of MSCs biology, their biochemical and molecular properties are still poorly defined. Ecto‐nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (E‐NTPDases) and ecto‐5′‐nucleotidase (eNT/CD73) are widely expressed enzymes that hydrolyze extracellular nucleotides, generating an important cellular signaling cascade. Currently, studies have evidenced the relationship between the purinergic system and the development, maintenance, and differentiation of stem cells. The objective of this study is to identify the NTPDases and eNT/CD73 and compare the levels of nucleotide hydrolysis on MSCs isolated from different murine tissues (bone marrow, lung, vena cava, kidney, pancreas, spleen, skin, and adipose tissue). MSCs from all tissues investigated expressed the ectoenzymes at different levels. In MSCs from pancreas and adipose tissue, the hydrolysis of triphosphonucleosides was significantly higher when compared to the other cells. The diphosphonucleosides were hydrolyzed at a higher rate by MSC from pancreas when compared to MSC from other tissues. The differential nucleotide hydrolysis activity and enzyme expression in these cells suggests that MSCs play different roles in regulating the purinergic system in these tissues. Overall MSCs are an attractive adult‐derived cell population for therapies, however, the fact that ecto‐nucleotide metabolism can affect the microenvironment, modulating important events, such as immune response, makes the assessment of this metabolism an important part of the characterization of MSCs to be applied therapeutically. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 1673–1682, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MicroRNA Expression Profile of Dexamethasone‐Induced Human Bone Marrow‐Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells During Osteogenic Differentiation
Authors: Li Tao , Li Hongling , Li Tangping , Fan Junfen , Zhao Robert Chunhua , Weng Xisheng 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTMiRNAs have been identified in various plants and animals where they function in post‐transcriptional regulation. Although studies revealed that dexamethasone play a pivotal role in the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), the identification of specific miRNAs and their regulatory roles in this process remain poorly defined. In this study, microarrays were used to analyze the miRNA expression profile of dexamethasone‐induced hBMSCs derived from three donors, and RT‐PCRs were used to confirm the microarray results. Nine upregulated miRNAs and seven downregulated miRNAs were identified. The putative target genes of these miRNAs were predicted using bioinformatics analysis. Subsequently, we focused our attention on the functional analysis of an upregulated miRNA, miR‐23a. Overexpression of miR‐23a inhibited osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs at the cellular, mRNA, and protein levels. The results of our study provide an experimental basis for further research on miRNAs functions during osteogenic differentiation of dexamethasone‐induced hBMSCs. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 1683–1691, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A New Scenario for Green & Sustainable Chemical Production
Authors: Perathoner Siglinda , Centi Gabriele 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis perspective paper introduces the changing landscape for green & sustainable chemical production, by discussing three key aspects, in relation especially to the possible routes in using biomass and CO2 as new raw materials: i) introduction of renewable energy in the chemical production chain, ii) from biorefineries to bio‐factories, and iii) moving to a new landscape for raw materials. It is remarked how they are challenging, but at the same time open chemical industry to innovation and competiveness. This is a critical element particularly in the transitions to new economies.
Soluble Lectin‐Like Oxidized LDL Receptor 1 as a Possible Mediator of Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Civelek S. , Kutnu M. , Uzun H. , Erdenen F. , Altunoglu E. , Andican G. , Seven A. , Sahin A. O. , Burcak G. 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) defines a well‐known cluster of metabolic disturbances associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of soluble lectin‐like oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor‐1 (sLOX‐1) levels in patients with MetS, possible association of sLOX‐1 with oxidized LDL (oxLDL), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), nitric oxide (NOx), endothelin‐1 (ET‐1), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), and arylesterase (ARE) activities, and these parameters compared with healthy controls.MethodsA total of 55 patients (37 women, 18 men) with MetS and 29 healthy controls (19 women, 10 men) with a body mass index (BMI) less than 25 kg/m2 were enrolled in the study.ResultssLOX‐1, oxLDL, and ET‐1 levels were significantly higher in patients with MetS than in control subjects (P = 0.023 P < 0.001, and P < 0.001, respectively). MetS patients have significantly lower eNOS and NOx levels, and PON1 and ARE activities than control subjects (P = 0.017, P < 0.004, P < 0.001, and P = 0.010, respectively). A positive correlation was observed between the sLOX‐1 levels and the oxLDL, ET‐1, BMI, glucose levels. ET‐1 levels also exhibited significant negative correlation with ARE activity.ConclusionsLOX‐1 levels are associated with cardiovascular risk factors, such as increased oxLDL, obesity, and diabetes, in patients with MetS. An increased concentration of sLOX‐1 could be an early predictor of endothelial damage in MetS. In addition, it appears that oxLDL, ET‐1, eNOS, NOx, PON1, and ARE activities may accurately reflect the levels of endothelial dysfunction in MetS patients.
Platelet Antibody Analysis by Three Different Tests
Authors: Sareban Nazanin , Macher Susanne , Drexler Camilla , Posch Ursula , Lanzer Gerhard , Schallmoser Katharina 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundPlatelet‐reactive antibodies lead to thrombocytopenia and bleeding disorders, and diverse assays are used for their detection. In this retrospective analysis, the applicability of three different test systems was compared and antibody specificities were assessed.MethodsSera of 1,234 patients were tested with an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Lifecodes PAKPLUS® or PAK 12®, Gen‐Probe) and a solid‐phase assay (Capture‐P Ready Screen®, Immucor Inc.). In cases of suspected anti‐HLA class I antibodies, a specific lymphocytotoxicity test (LCT, Bio‐Rad®) was performed.ResultsPlatelet antibodies were detected in 366 of 1,234 samples (29.7%). In 70.3% concordant negative but only in 8.4% concordant positive results were obtained with both the methods; 185 of 1,053 in the solid‐phase assay negative samples were positive in the ELISA (15.0%). In samples positive in both methods, most antibodies reacted against HLA class I antigens. Glycoprotein (GP) specific platelet antibodies, mainly against GPIIb/IIIa and GPIa/IIa, were more frequently detectable in the ELISA than in the solid‐phase assay, whereas weakly positive results have to be interpreted cautiously.ConclusionELISA, solid‐phase assay, and LCT showed highly divergent results. Due to several limitations, the additional analysis by the “monoclonal antibody‐specific immobilization of platelet antigen” (MAIPA)—assay is highly recommended.
Reference Intervals of Serum Sodium, Potassium, and Chlorine in Chinese Han Population and Comparison of Two ISE Methods
Authors: Jia Keke , Zhang Chuanbao , Huang Xianzhang , Wang Lanlan , Hao Xiaoke , Mu Runqing , Pan Baishen , Zhang Jie , Chen Wenxiang , Xu Ning , Li Guixing , Ma Yueyun , Ma Ming , Guo Wei , Shang Hong 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundCurrently there are no reference intervals (RIs) of sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chlorine (Cl) on Chinese population. Two kinds of ion‐selective electrode (ISE) methods were commonly used to determine K, Na, and Cl levels in China, the difference between these two methods needs to be evaluated.MethodsA total of 4,524 healthy participants (1,916 males and 2,608 females) between 20–79 years old from six cities in China were selected by strict criteria. Serum K, Na, and CL were tested on Roche Modular analyzers in six assigned laboratories. According to EP‐9A2, using Roche Modular analyzer (indirect ISE) as comparative method, Olympus AU 5400 analyzer (indirect ISE) and Johnson&Johnson Fusion 5.1 analyzer (direct ISE) were evaluated.ResultsIn Chinese population, the RIs for K, Na, and CL are 3.6–5.2, 136–146, and 99–110 mmol/l, respectively. Compared to the Roche indirect ISE method, Johnson direct ISE method showed a positive bias; and Olympus indirect ISE method just showed a very slight bias.ConclusionThe RIs of K, Na, and Cl of Han Chinese healthy adult population were found to be smaller than those provided by the manufacturer. By a criteria of biological variations for CV, the differences of Na and K between Roche analyzer and Johnson analyzer were not acceptable for clinical application, while the differences of Na, K, and Cl between Roche and Olympus analyzers were acceptable for clinical application.
Sensitivity of arterial spin labeling perfusion MRI to pharmacologically induced perfusion changes in rat kidneys
Authors: Tan Huan , Thacker Jon , Franklin Tammy , Prasad Pottumarthi V. 
Published: May 2014

PurposeTo investigate whether arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI is sensitive to changes by pharmacologically induced vasodilation and vasoconstriction in rat kidneys.Materials and MethodsChanges in renal cortical blood flow in seven rats were induced by adenosine infusion (vasodilation) and L‐NAME injection (vasoconstriction). All imaging studies were performed on a 3 Tesla scanner using a FAIR‐TrueFISP sequence for the ASL implementation. The acquisition time for each ASL scan was 6 min. Cortical perfusion rates were calculated using regions of interest analysis, and the differences in perfusion rates during baseline, vasodilation, and vasoconstriction were compared and assessed for statistical significance.ResultsCompared with the baseline, an average of 94 mL/100 g/min increase and 157 mL/100 g/min decrease in cortical perfusion was observed following adenosine infusion and L‐NAME administration, respectively. The changes in cortical perfusion were significant between baseline and vasodilation (P < 0.05), baseline and vasoconstriction (P < 0.01), and vasodilation and vasoconstriction (P < 0.01).ConclusionASL is sensitive to pharmacologically induced perfusion changes in rat kidneys at doses comparable to current use. The preliminary results suggest the feasibility of ASL for investigating renal blood flow in a variety of rodent models. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:1124–1128. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A photogrammetric method for calculating soil bulk density§
Authors: Bauer Thomas , Strauss Peter , Murer Erwin 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSoil bulk density is an important parameter in many research fields. Unfortunately, no single method exists for measuring bulk density for a wide range of soil conditions. We have carried out tests and compared the results of a photogrammetric method for bulk density estimation as a supplement to widely‐used methods (core method, excavation method).The differences between the methods indicate the potential for using photogrammetry as a supplementary application for estimating soil bulk density.
A framework for optimization‐based design of motion encoding in magnetic resonance elastography
Authors: Nir Guy , Sahebjavaher Ramin S. , Sinkus Ralph , Salcudean Septimiu E. 
Published: May 2014

PurposeIn conventional three‐dimensional magnetic resonance elastography, motion encoding gradients (MEGs) synchronized to a mechanical excitation are applied separately in each direction to encode tissue displacement generated by the corresponding waves. This requires long acquisition times that introduce errors due to patient motion and may hinder clinical deployment of magnetic resonance elastography. In this article, a framework for MEGs sequence design is proposed to reduce scanning time and increase signal‐to‐noise ratio.Theory and MethodsThe approach is based on applying MEGs in all three directions simultaneously with varying parameters, and formulation of the problem as a linear estimation of the wave properties. Multidirectional MEGs sequences are derived by setting the problem in an experimental design framework. Such designs are implemented and evaluated on simulation and phantom data.ResultsEstimation error of the displacement using the proposed MEGs designs is reduced up to a factor of two in comparison with a unidirectional design with a same number of acquisitions. Alternatively, for the same error, scanning time is reduced up to a factor of three using the multidirectional designs.ConclusionThe proposed framework generalizes acquisition of magnetic resonance elastography, and allows quantification of design performance, and optimization‐based derivation of designs. Magn Reson Med 73:1514–1525, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Location, location, location! The reality of life for an intestinal stem cell in the crypt
Authors: Walther Viola , Graham Trevor A 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe intestinal crypt has become the archetypal system to understand stem cell behaviour in vivo. Advances in lineage‐tracing technology have identified rapidly cycling stem cells at the crypt base with prominent expression of 'marker' genes such as Lgr5. Elegant quantitative analysis of lineage‐tracing data has shown that each stem cell within the crypt is in continual neutral competition with the others in order to retain its place in the niche and so prevent differentiation into a specialized lineage. Accordingly, it appears that the regulation of the stem cell pool occurs primarily at the level of the stem cell population, as a simple consequence of competition for the limited space within the niche. However, contradictory data showing that cells located away from the crypt base niche can also sometimes function as stem cells has challenged the notion that stemness is fundamentally cell‐extrinsic. Writing in Nature, Ritsma and colleagues have resolved this debate by performing in vivo live‐imaging of the crypt base. By tracking individual stem cells over time, they showed that the relative positioning of the cell within the niche stochastically regulates its fate. Stem cells located in close proximity to the crypt base were more likely to persist long‐term, but peripheral cells could sometimes move into privileged crypt‐base positions. Thus, while many cells within the crypt have stem cell potential, only cells lucky enough to reside in the 'Goldilocks zone' behave as functional stem cells in the long term. The hunt for intestinal stem cells is over: the stem cells are simply found in their niche. Copyright © 2014 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
First trimester markers of preeclampsia in twins: maternal mean arterial pressure and uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index
Authors: Svirsky R. , Yagel S. , Ben‐Ami I. , Cuckle H. , Klug E. , Maymon R. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the distribution of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index (PI) in first trimester twins with and without preeclampsia.MethodA total of 147 twins were recruited from a specialist clinic and 110 unaffected singleton pregnancies attending the same institution served as controls. MAP and Doppler PI values were expressed in multiples of the gestation‐specific median using published equations.ResultsAmong the twins, 12 had preeclampsia and two had pregnancy‐induced hypertension. Among unaffected pregnancies, there was no significant difference in MAP levels between twins and singletons (P = 0.17, Wilcoxon rank sum test, two‐tail). However, the Doppler PI levels were highly statistically significantly lower than in singletons (P < 0.0005). MAP was unrelated to chorionicity (P = 0.46), but there was a statistically significant increase in Doppler PI among monochorionic compared with dichorionic twins (P < 0.01). In twins with preeclampsia, MAP was significantly higher than in unaffected twins (P < 0.02, one‐tail), whereas Doppler PI levels were significantly reduced (P < 0.01, two‐tail).ConclusionIf first trimester screening for preeclampsia is extended to twins, a different normal median Doppler PI equation will be needed. Contrary to expectations, Doppler PI levels may not be raised in affected twins, although this needs confirmation in a larger study. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Routine depression screening and diagnosing strategy for cancer inpatients
Authors: Tu Chun‐Hsien , Hsu Mei‐Chi , Chi Shu‐Ching , Lin Hung‐Yen , Yen Yung‐Chieh 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundClinical practice guidelines frequently recommend systematic screening for depression in cancer patients to improve recognition and prompt appropriate management. We aimed to screen major depressive disorder (MDD) in cancer inpatients using a structured tool and explore its applicability.MethodsCancer inpatients were routinely screened by nurses using the Taiwanese Depression Questionnaire (TDQ), and for those screened positive, this was followed by a non‐mandated referral to a psychiatrist for clinical evaluation and diagnosis. Patients who completed this two‐stage procedure comprised the analysis sample.ResultsRoutine screening of 8800 patients in a period of 27 months yielded 1087 (26.9%) positive first‐time screens. Of them, 298 (27.4%) completed the psychiatric consultation. Depressive disorders were diagnosed in 185 patients (62.1%), mainly adjustment disorder (23.8%) and MDD (21.5%). The estimated prevalence of MDD was 21.5%. Area under the curve was 0.72, a result produced by the receiver operating characteristic curve of the TDQ scores relative to the clinical psychiatric diagnoses of MDD. A TDQ cutoff score of ≧26 provided an optimal diagnostic accuracy for MDD.ConclusionsThis two‐stage depression screening and diagnosing strategy is practical for improving recognition of MDD and other depressive disorders in cancer patients and could be routinely applied, rather than selectively, in a comprehensive cancer care system. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
NFI-C Regulates Osteoblast Differentiation via Control of Osterix Expression
Authors: Lee Dong-Seol , Choung Han-Wool , Kim Heung-Joong , Gronostajski Richard M. , Yang Young-Il , Ryoo Hyun-Mo , Lee Zang Hee , Kim Hong-Hee , Cho Eui-Sic , Park Joo-Cheol 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
In bone marrow, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) have the capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes. Age-related osteoporosis is associated with a reciprocal decrease of osteogenesis and an increase of adipogenesis in bone marrow. In this study, we demonstrate that disruption of nuclear factor I-C (NFI-C) impairs osteoblast differentiation and bone formation, and increases bone marrow adipocytes. Interestingly, NFI-C controls postnatal bone formation but does not influence prenatal bone development. We also found decreased NFI-C expression in osteogenic cells from human osteoporotic patients. Notably, transplantation of Nfic-overexpressing BMSCs stimulates osteoblast differentiation and new bone formation, but inhibits adipocyte differentiation by suppressing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma expression in Nfic−/− mice showing an age-related osteoporosis-like phenotype. Finally, NFI-C directly regulates Osterix expression but acts downstream of the bone morphogenetic protein-2-Runx2 pathway. These results suggest that NFI-C acts as a transcriptional switch in cell fate determination between osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation in BMSCs. Therefore, regulation of NFI-C expression in BMSCs could be a novel therapeutic approach for treating age-related osteoporosis. Stem Cells 2014;32:2467–2479