bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gestione Delle Lesioni Iatrogene Ginecologiche di Pertinenza Urologica. Cause e Prevenzione Delle Complicanze: Il Parere del Ginecologo
Authors: Jasonni Valerio.M. , Matonti Giuseppe 
Published: January 2013

Objective To detect and prevent urinary tract injuries in gynecological surgery. Methods A brief review of the literature about recognition and prevention of ureteral and bladder injuries. Results It is well known that factors as intra-operative bleeding, pelvic adhesions and infections, pelvic masses, endometriosis and obesity can make surgery difficult. For these reasons the study of the urinary tract and the use of ureteral catheters may be helpful when alterations of the urinary tract anatomy is suspected. However the surgeon should always operate under direct vision of the ureters with a judicious use of diathermy and taking care when separating bladder from the uterus where the blunt dissection is blind and dangerous. When there are some doubts about the integrity of ureters, the control with i.v. infusion of indigo-carmine or with ureteral catheters should be performed. The same applies for the bladder: the cystoscopy should be in the armamentarium of gynecological surgeons to control the ureteral efflux and the bladder integrity. To fill the bladder with methylene blue at the end of the surgery is also helpful in revealing, under the pressure, even very small lesions as well as partial thickness of the bladder that can cause a delayed fistula. Conclusions Surgeons' training is the most important factor in avoiding and detecting urinary tract injuries. This is important not only for the technique but also in the selection of patients, and then in planning the more appropriate pre-operative study and in recognizing the presence of injuries during surgery.
Discrete Choice Model of Agricultural Shipper's Mode Choice
Authors: Mitra Subhro 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
This article presents disaggregate mode choice model for shippers of agricultural freight. We have used disaggregated revealed preference (RP) data of grain movement from elevators to develop the model. The utility function includes attributes of the modes, attributes of the shippers, and interaction between the two. We initially estimate the mode choice probability assuming the random component of the utility function to have logit distribution. Price agreement between shippers and carriers, variation of railcars availability, and variation of equipment ownership annul the assumptions of the logit model. To overcome this problem we introduced heteroscedastic extreme value model, probit model and mixed-logit model. Based on estimated McFadden's likelihood ratio, it is observed that probit model is the best fit. We estimated demand elasticity to assess the sensitivity of mode choice probability to changes in cost of shipment, elevator capacity and quantity of shipment. To validate the model's prediction accuracy we estimated hit ratio of the forecast mode choice for individual shipment; the result was satisfactory.
Evaluating Capacity Utilization Options for US West Coast Container Ports
Authors: Maloni Michael , Paul Jomon Aliyas 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAs global trade continues to recover from the recent economic recession, US container port congestion experienced in the last decade will likely re-emerge. Yet there is limited research that examines network-wide port capacity in support of solutions for minimizing such congestion. To address this gap, we simulate the US West Coast container port network, quantifying the costs and benefits of different options to better utilize current port capacity across the entire network. We specifically assess both efficiency improvement and operational coordination options on historical and future container volumes. The results demonstrate the strength of efficiency as a means to alleviate future port congestion. However, the results also portray inequitable savings across different stakeholders as well as difficulty among these stakeholders in perceiving actual benefits. We discuss the impacts of these challenges on implementation of the capacity utilization options.
Risk Management in Global Sourcing:
Authors: Manuj Ila 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to compare academic research with industry practice in the area of global sourcing risk management and suggest directions for future research to help bridge the gap between the theory and the practice of global sourcing risk management. An extensive review of literature is employed to understand the current state of theory. Reports from supply chain audits of ten leading US companies are analyzed to document the current state of practice. Prominent themes from the two streams are compared to identify specific gaps. Several avenues for further research are identified based upon the areas of disconnect between theory and practice. Major findings and relationships identified contribute to building an integrated theory of global sourcing risk management.
Is Your Supply Chain Business Operation a Good Fit for Online Reverse Auctions?
Authors: Kumar Sameer 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
This industry note explores the benefits of online reverse auctions for both buyers and suppliers in contrast to the negative implications for procurement process. Information was gathered from numerous sources to create a comprehensive analysis of benefits and shortcomings of online reverse auctions. The argument presented shows a strong temptation for buyers to participate in online reverse auctions: price reductions. However, buyers should approach online reverse auctions with caution as total cost savings can be misleading and participation may result in damaged relationships with suppliers. Buyers' determination to use online reverse auctions relies on product specifications, supplier relationships, the current supply and demand environment, indirect costs, and several other factors that will vary for each product and for each buyer. Therefore, an all-encompassing decision model cannot be presented to accommodate each scenario. However, a generic framework is proposed for managers determining if participation in online reverse auctions is appropriate for their business. In practice, additional company specific information can be applied to the decision making model.
It may be noted, the research reported in professional literature on online reverse auctions does not offer a process for managers to follow when evaluating whether to implement online reverse auctions. This note includes a generic decision framework specifically for buyers as well as an abbreviated decision model for suppliers.
Pulmonary embolism hotline 2012
Authors: Lankeit M. , Konstantinides S. 
Published: January 2013

SummaryManagement of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) has advanced considerably in the past year, and progress is expected to continue in 2013. To help determine the optimal management strategy for normotensive patients with intermediate-risk PE, the Pulmonary Embolism Thrombolysis (PEITHO) study completed enrolment of 1006 patients with evidence of right ventricular dysfunction (by echocardiography or computed tomography) plus a positive troponin test. Patients have been randomised to thrombolytic treatment with tenecteplase versus placebo, and the effects on clinical end points (death or haemodynamic collapse) assessed at 7 and 30 days. The results are expected in spring 2013; long-term follow-up is also being performed. The results of a randomised trial on ultrasound- enhanced low-dose catheter-delivered thrombolysis will also become available soon. While optimisation of treatment with vitamin K antagonists incorporating pharmacogenetic testing is still being pursued, new oral anticoagulants are entering the field of PE treatment and secondary prophylaxis. Following the successful use of rivaroxaban as single oral drug therapy in the EINSTEIN-PE trial, the approval of this drug has recently been extended to cover, apart from deep vein thrombosis, PE as well. The apixaban (AMPLIFY) and edoxaban (HOKUSAI) trials have finished recruitment of PE patients, and their results will become available shortly. In the meantime, the AMPLIFY-EXT trial showed that both the therapeutic (5 mg twice daily) and the prophylactic dose (2.5 mg twice daily) of apixaban are effective and safe for longterm secondary prophylaxis after PE. For the extended prophylaxis (after the reommended initial anticoagulation period) of the (few) patients who are unable to tolerate any form of anticoagulation, low-dose asprin may be a safe albeit moderately efficacious option, as indicated by two recent investigator-initiated trials with a total of 1224 patients.
Human Acellular Dermis versus Submuscular Tissue Expander Breast Reconstruction: A Multivariate Analysis of Short-Term Complications
Authors: Davila Armando A. , Seth Akhil K. , Wang Edward , Hanwright Philip , Bilimoria Karl , Fine Neil , Kim John YS 
Published: January 2013

Background Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) allografts and their putative benefits have been increasingly described in prosthesis based breast reconstruction. There have been a myriad of analyses outlining ADM complication profiles, but few large-scale, multi-institutional studies exploring these outcomes. In this study, complication rates of acellular dermis-assisted tissue expander breast reconstruction were compared with traditional submuscular methods by evaluation of the American College of Surgeon's National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) registry.
Methods Patients who underwent immediate tissue expander breast reconstruction from 2006-2010 were identified using surgical procedure codes. Two hundred forty tracked variables from over 250 participating sites were extracted for patients undergoing acellular dermis-assisted versus submuscular tissue expander reconstruction. Thirty-day postoperative outcomes and captured risk factors for complications were compared between the two groups.
Results A total of 9,159 patients underwent tissue expander breast reconstruction; 1,717 using acellular dermis and 7,442 with submuscular expander placement. Total complications and reconstruction related complications were similar in both cohorts (5.5% vs. 5.3%, P=0.68 and 4.7% vs. 4.3%, P=0.39, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression revealed body mass index and smoking as independent risk factors for reconstructive complications in both cohorts (P<0.01).
Conclusions The NSQIP database provides large-scale, multi-institutional, independent outcomes for acellular dermis and submuscular breast reconstruction. Both thirty-day complication profiles and risk factors for post operative morbidity are similar between these two reconstructive approaches.
Indications, Outcomes, and Complications of Pedicled Propeller Perforator Flaps for Upper Body Defects: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lazzeri Davide , Huemer Georg M. , Nicoli Fabio , Larcher Lorenz , Dashti Talal , Grassetti Luca , Li Qingfeng , Zhang Yixin , Spinelli Giuseppe , Agostini Tommaso 
Published: January 2013

Background The aim of this investigation was to systematically review the current literature to provide the best data for indications, outcomes, survival, and complication rates of pedicled propeller perforator flaps for upper body defects.
Methods A comprehensive literature review for articles published from January 1991 to December 2011 was performed using the PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane Databases. Articles without available full-text, single case reports or papers with excessive missing data were excluded. Papers reporting pedicle-perforator (propeller) flaps used for lower extremity reconstruction were excluded from meta-analysis.
Results From the initial 1,736 studies our search yielded, 343 studies qualified for the second stage of selection. Of 117 full-text reports screened, 41 studies, met the definitive inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of the selected 41 articles, 26 were case series, original papers or retrospective reviews and were included, whereas 15 were case report papers and therefore were excluded. Two hundred ninety-five propeller flaps were reported to have been used in a total of 283 patients. Indications include repair of trauma-induced injuries, post-trauma revision surgery, cancer resection, chronic infection, pressure sores, and chronic ulcers with a major complication rate (3.3%) comparable to that of free flaps. No specific exclusion criteria for the procedure were presented in the studies reviewed.
Conclusions Pedicled propeller flaps are a versatile and safe reconstructive option that are easy and quick to raise and that provide unlimited clinical solutions because of the theoretical possibility of harvesting them based on any perforator chosen among those classified in the body.
Normative Measurements of Grip and Pinch Strengths of 21st Century Korean Population
Authors: Shim Jin Hee , Roh Si Young , Kim Jin Soo , Lee Dong Chul , Ki Sae Hwi , Yang Jae Won , Jeon Man Kyung , Lee Sang Myung 
Published: January 2013

Background Measuring grip and pinch strength is an important part of hand injury evaluation. Currently, there are no standardized values of normal grip and pinch strength among the Korean population, and lack of such data prevents objective evaluation of post-surgical recovery in strength. This study was designed to establish the normal values of grip and pinch strength among the healthy Korean population and to identify any dependent variables affecting grip and pinch strength.
Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out. The inclusion criterion was being a healthy Korean person without a previous history of hand trauma. The grip strength was measured using a Jamar dynamometer. Pulp and key pinch strength were measured with a hydraulic pinch gauge. Intra-individual and inter-individual variations in these variables were analyzed in a standardized statistical manner.
Results There were a total of 336 healthy participants between 13 and 77 years of age. As would be expected in any given population, the mean grip and pinch strength was greater in the right hand than the left. Male participants (137) showed mean strengths greater than female participants (199) when adjusted for age. Among the male participants, anthropometric variables correlated positively with grip strength, but no such correlations were identifiable in female participants in a statistically significant way.
Conclusions Objective measurements of hand strength are an important component of hand injury evaluation, and population-specific normative data are essential for clinical and research purposes. This study reports updated normative hand strengths of the South Korean population in the 21st century.
Origins of Low Quantum Efficiencies in Quantum Dot LEDs
Authors: Bozyigit Deniz , Yarema Olesya , Wood Vanessa 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe promise for next generation light‐emitting device (LED) technologies is a major driver for research on nanocrystal quantum dots (QDs). The low efficiencies of current QD‐LEDs are often attributed to luminescence quenching of charged QDs through Auger‐processes. Although new QD chemistries successfully suppress Auger recombination, high performance QD‐LEDs with these materials have yet to be demonstrated. Here, QD‐LED performance is shown to be significantly limited by the electric field. Experimental field‐dependent photoluminescence decay studies and tight‐binding simulations are used to show that independent of charging, the electric field can strongly quench the luminescence of QD solids by reducing the electron and hole wavefunction overlap, thereby lowering the radiative recombination rate. Quantifying this effect for a series of CdSe/CdS QD solids reveals a strong dependence on the QD band structure, which enables the outline of clear design strategies for QD materials and device architectures to improve QD‐LED performance.
Morphology and Efficiency: The Case of Polymer/ZnO Solar Cells
Authors: Koster L. J. A. , Stenzel Ole , Oosterhout Stefan D. , Wienk Martijn M. , Schmidt Volker , Janssen René A. J. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe performance of polymer solar cells critically depends on the morphology of the interface between the donor‐ and acceptor materials that are used to create and transport charge carriers. Solar cells based on poly(3‐hexylthiophene) and ZnO were fully characterized in terms of their efficiency and three‐dimensional (3D) morphology on the nanoscale. Here, we establish a quantitative link between efficiency and morphology by using the experimental 3D morphology as direct input for a 3D optoelectronic device model. This model includes the effects of exciton diffusion and quenching; space‐charge; recombination, generation, drift and diffusion of charge carriers; and the injection/extraction of carriers at the contacts. The observed trend in internal quantum efficiency as a function of layer thickness is reproduced with a single set of parameters. Several morphological aspects that determine the internal quantum efficiency are discussed and compared to other organic solar cells. This first direct use of morphological data in an optoelectronic device model highlights the importance of morphology in solar cells.
Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism and early life adversity affect hippocampal volume
Authors: Carballedo Angela , Morris Derek , Zill Peter , Fahey Ciara , Reinhold Elena , Meisenzahl Eva , Bondy Brigitta , Gill Michael , Möller Hans‐Jürgen , Frodl Thomas 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe interaction between adverse life events during childhood and genetic factors is associated with a higher risk to develop major depressive disorder (MDD). One of the polymorphisms found to be associated with MDD is the Val66MET polymorphism of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The aim of our two‐center study was to determine how the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and childhood adversity affect the volumetric measures of the hippocampus in healthy individuals and people with MDD. In this two‐center study, 62 adult patients with MDD and 71 healthy matched controls underwent high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging. We used manual tracing of the bilateral hippocampal structure with help of the software BRAINS2, assessed childhood adversity using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and genotyped Val66Met BDNF SNP (rs6265). MDD patients had smaller hippocampal volumes, both in the left and right hemispheres (F = 5.4, P = 0.022). We also found a significant interaction between BDNF allele and history of childhood adversity (F = 6.1, P = 0.015): Met allele carriers in our samples showed significantly smaller hippocampal volumes when they did have a history of childhood adversity, both in patients and controls. Our results highlight how relevant stress–gene interactions are for hippocampal volume reductions. Subjects exposed to early life adversity developed smaller hippocampal volumes when they carry the Met‐allele of the BDNF polymorphism. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Demographic expansions in South America: Enlightening a complex scenario with genetic and linguistic data
Authors: Ramallo Virginia , Bisso‐Machado Rafael , Bravi Claudio , Coble Michael D. , Salzano Francisco M. , Hünemeier Tábita , Bortolini Maria Cátira 
Published: January 2013

AbstractNative Americans are characterized by specific and unique patterns of genetic and cultural/linguistic diversities, and this information has been used to understand patterns of geographic dispersion, and the relationship between these peoples. Particularly interesting are the Tupi and Je speaker dispersions. At present, a large number of individuals speak languages of these two stocks; for instance, Tupi‐Guarani is one of the official languages in Paraguay, Bolivia, and the Mercosul economic block. Although the Tupi expansion can be compared in importance to the Bantu migration in Africa, little is known about this event relative to others. Equal and even deeper gaps exist concerning the Je‐speakers' expansion. This study aims to elucidate some aspects of these successful expansions. To meet this purpose, we analyzed Native American mtDNA complete control region from nine different populations and included HVS‐I sequences available in the literature, resulting in a total of 1,176 samples investigated. Evolutionary relationships were explored through median‐joining networks and genetic/geographic/linguistic correlations with Mantel tests and spatial autocorrelation analyses. Both Tupi and Je showed general traces of ancient or more recent fission–fusion processes, but a very different pattern of demographic expansion. Tupi populations displayed a classical isolation‐by‐distance pattern, while Je groups presented an intricate and nonlinear mode of dispersion. We suggest that the collective memory and other cultural processes could be important factors influencing the fission–fusion events, which likely contributed to the genetic structure, evolution, and dispersion of Native American populations. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis and characterization of coaxial silver/silica/polypyrrole nanocables
Authors: Wang Wenqin , Lu Linchao , Cai Wujin , Chen Zhong‐Ren 
Published: January 2013

AbstractDouble‐shelled coaxial nanocables of silver nanocables with SiO2 and polypyrrole (PPy; Ag/SiO2/PPy) were synthesized by a simple method. The thickness of the outer PPy shell could be controlled by the amount of pyrrole monomer. The silver nanocables encapsulated in the interior of the hollow PPy nanotubes were obtained by the removal of the midlayer SiO2. By the silver‐mirror reaction, flowerlike Ag nanostructures could be formed on the surface of the Ag/SiO2/PPy multilayer nanocable. The application of the as‐prepared Ag/SiO2/PPy–Ag composites in surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was studied with Rhodamine B (Rh B) as a probe molecule. We found that the composites could be used as SERS substrates and that they exhibited excellent enhancement ability. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Investigation on 1O2 generation ability of di‐sulfonic phthalocyanine zinc isomers using an HPLC–CL system
Authors: Jiang Zhou , Chen Meili , Hu Yanli , Wang Jian , Chen Guonan 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTAn HPLC system combining a chemiluminescence detector was applied to estimate the singlet oxygen (1O2) generation ability of di‐sulfonic phthalocyanine zinc (ZnPcS2) isomers. As photosensitizers, ZnPcS2 produces 1O2 in air‐saturated solutions under photoirradiation. The latter reacts with methyl Cypridina luciferin analogue (MCLA) to initiate chemiluminescence. This photoinduced chemiluminescence (PCL) of MCLA provides an easy method for evaluating the isomers' 1O2 generation ability during a simultaneous HPLC separation procedure. The cis‐isomers and trans‐isomers of ZnPcS2 show different 1O2 generation abilities, which are in accordance with differences in their absorption spectra. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.