bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Clinical Nurse Leader in the Perioperative Setting: A Preceptor Experience
Authors: Wesolowski Michael S. , Casey Gwendolyn L. , Berry Shirley J. , Gannon Jane 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe US Veterans Administration (VA) has implemented the clinical nurse leader (CNL) role nationwide. Nursing leaders at the Malcolm Randall VA Medical Center in Gainesville, Florida, implemented the development of the CNL role in the perioperative setting during the summer of 2012. The perioperative department developed the position in partnership with the University of Florida College of Nursing, Gainesville, Florida. The team developed a description of the roles and experiences of the preceptors, the clinical nurse leader resident, and the University of Florida faculty member. The clinical nurse leader resident's successes and the positive outcomes, such as improved patient outcomes, experienced by the perioperative department demonstrated the importance of the CNL role.
Back to Basics: Environmental Cleaning
Authors: Spruce Lisa , Wood Amber 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe need for a clean perioperative environment is a basic principle for all perioperative team members. Recent evidence suggests that the environment plays a role in the occurrence of health care–associated infections (HAIs), including surgical site infections. Frequently cleaning high‐touch surfaces helps prevent the spread of infections, and routinely cleaning and disinfecting the patient's environment can reduce the level and frequency of contamination and the risk of HAIs. Perioperative personnel should use a bundled approach to perform a standardized cleaning routine and implement a successful monitoring program.
Clinical Issues‐July 2014
Authors: Van Wicklin Sharon A. 
Published: June 2014

This MonthDisposition of surgical specimensKey words: disposition, specimens, microscopic examination, histologic examination, gross examination.Determining which surgical specimens should be submitted for pathology examinationKey words: disposition, specimens, microscopic examination, histologic examination, gross examination.Checking instrument wrappers and rigid sterilization container filters for moisture and integrity when opening sterile suppliesKey words: instrument wrappers, rigid sterilization containers, event‐related sterility, filters.Using adherent transparent wound dressings to cover holes in surgical drapesKey words: adherent transparent wound dressings, holes, surgical drapes, breaks in sterile technique.
Novel ways of improving communication with members of health professional associations
Authors: Chaudhary Pushpa , Tuladhar Heera 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) supported the Nepal Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (NESOG) to help influence national health policy and practice through FIGO's Leadership in Obstetrics and Gynecology for Impact and Change (LOGIC) Initiative in Maternal and Newborn Health. An Organizational Capacity Improvement Framework, developed by the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (SOGC), was used to evaluate NESOG's initial baseline organizational capacity in 2010. Communication among NESOG members was rated as moderate (39%). Several initiatives, such as the use of high‐speed internet access, group SMS texts and emails for information sharing, member profile updates, use of social media, and regular updates to the NESOG website were examples of interventions that resulted in improved participation of members in NESOG's activities. Members were impressively active in reciprocating via Facebook, and via participation in online voting in the NESOG elections (84%).
The impact of signing a memorandum of understanding on reproductive health with the Ministry of Public Health in Cameroon
Authors: Leke Robert J.I. , Njotang Nana P. , Shearon Azong B. , Wankah Charlotte A. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractHealth statistics relating to Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5 are poor for most low‐resource countries. Professional societies can assist governments to improve these health indicators. For an effective collaboration, the Society of Gynaecologists and Obstetricians Cameroon (SOGOC) and the Ministry of Public Health signed a memorandum of understanding on reproductive health. A major consequence of this collaboration was the ease of transfer of competence associated with SOGOC adopting a monitoring and evaluation role, which has improved quality of care. The impact of this collaboration for the Society has been significant; SOGOC is recognized as a partner and has an opportunity to play a leadership role in issues concerning reproductive health.
TORC1 and class I HDAC inhibitors synergize to suppress mature B cell neoplasms
Authors: Simmons John K. , Patel Jyoti , Michalowski Aleksandra , Zhang Shuling , Wei Bih-Rong , Sullivan Patrick , Gamache Ben , Felsenstein Kenneth , Kuehl W. Michael , Simpson R. Mark , Zingone Adriana , Landgren Ola , Mock Beverly A. 
Published: June 2014

Enhanced proliferative signaling and loss of cell cycle regulation are essential for cancer progression. Increased mitogenic signaling through activation of the mTOR pathway, coupled with deregulation of the Cyclin D/retinoblastoma (Rb) pathway is a common feature of lymphoid malignancies, including plasmacytoma (PCT), multiple myeloma (MM), Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Here we evaluate the synergy of pharmacologically affecting both of these critical pathways using the mTOR inhibitor sirolimus and the histone deacetylase inhibitor entinostat. A dose‐matrix screening approach found this combination to be highly active and synergistic in a panel of genetically diverse human MM cell lines. Synergy and activity was observed in mouse PCT and human BL and MCL cell lines tested in vitro, as well as in freshly isolated primary MM patient samples tested ex vivo. This combination had minimal effects on healthy donor cells and retained activity when tested in a co‐culture system simulating the protective interaction of cancer cells with the tumor microenvironment. Combining sirolimus with entinostat enhanced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. At the molecular level, entinostat increased the expression of cell cycle negative regulators including CDKN1A (p21) and CDKN2A (p16), while the combination decreased critical growth and survival effectors including Cyclin D, BCL‐XL, BIRC5, and activated MAPK.
Relationship between pain and Quality of Life—Findings from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care—Blekinge study
Authors: Wranker Lena Sandin , Rennemark Mikael , Berglund Johan , Elmståhl Sölve 
Published: June 2014

Abstract

Background and aims
The influence of pain as well as Quality of Life (QoL) varies in accordance with biological, social, psychological and existential factors. This study investigates the influence of such factors on the relationship between pain and QoL among older adults from a gender perspective.

Methods
The Swedish National Study on Aging and Care (SNAC-Blekinge) baseline sample comprised 1402 individuals aged 60–96 years, of whom 769 (55%) reported pain. The participants were invited by a letter to take part in the study, which was carried out by research staff in two sessions of three hour each. Participants gave informed consent and completed a questionnaire between the two sessions. The reason for non-participation was registered among subjects who declined the invitation. Pain and insomnia were self-reported. Data on age, gender and if living alone or not were collected from the questionnaire. Co-morbidity was obtained from electronic patients records for a period of up to two years prior to participating in the SNAC study. SoC was measured by a translated short form from the original twenty-nine question instrument. QoL, was estimated using the HRQL Medical Outcome Study-Short Form (SF 12). In a model, pain, age, sex, insomnia, co-morbidity, living alone, sense of coherence (SOC), household economy, education and QoL were calculated through multivariate logistic regression.

Results
Among women, pain was found to have the highest OR (odds ratio) for low QoL [OR 2.27 (CI 1.36–3.78)], followed by low economic status [OR 1.75 (CI 1.08–2.84)], co-morbidity [OR 1.24 (CI 1.05–1.46)], low SOC [OR 1.08 (CI 1.06–1.10)] and lower age [OR 1.05 (CI 1.02–1.08)]. In men, insomnia was found to be the main contributor to low QoL [OR 1.86 (CI 1.04–3.33)], followed by low SOC [OR 1.08 (CI 1.05–1.11)] and lower age [OR 1.04 (CI 1.01–1.07)].

Conclusions
Pain has a strong relationship with low QoL among elderly women. Insomnia is associated with low QoL among men who suffer less from pain. Thus the main result is a striking gender difference: Elderly women suffer from pain, elderly men suffer from insomnia.

Implications
It is importanttotake accountof sex, age, sleep problems, co-morbidity, SOC and economic status in order to understand the relationship between pain and QoL among older adults.
CHOW GROUPS, CHOW COHOMOLOGY, AND LINEAR VARIETIES
Authors: TOTARO BURT 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe compute the Chow groups and the Fulton–MacPherson operational Chow cohomology ring for a class of singular rational varieties including toric varieties. The computation is closely related to the weight filtration on the ordinary cohomology of these varieties. We use the computation to answer one of the open problems about operational Chow cohomology: it does not have a natural map to ordinary cohomology.
Stability transitions and turbulence in horizontal convection
Authors: Gayen Bishakhdatta , Griffiths Ross W. , Hughes Graham O. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractRecent results have shown that convection forced by a temperature gradient along one horizontal boundary of a rectangular domain at a large Rayleigh number can be turbulent in parts of the flow field. However, the conditions for onset of turbulence, the dependence of flow and heat transport on Rayleigh number, and the roles of large and small scales in the flow, have not been established. We use three-dimensional direct numerical simulation (DNS) and large-eddy simulation (LES) over a wide range of Rayleigh numbers,$\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}Ra\sim 10^8\mbox{--}10^{15}$, for Prandtl number$Pr=5$and a small aspect ratio, and show that a sequence of several stability transitions at$Ra \sim 10^{10}\mbox{--} 10^{11}$defines a change from laminar to turbulent flow. The Prandtl number dependence too is examined at$Ra = 5.86 \times 10^{11}$. At the smallest$Ra$considered the thermal boundary layer is characterized by a balance of viscous stress and buoyancy, whereas inertia and buoyancy dominate in the large-$Ra$regime. The change in the momentum balance is accompanied by turbulent enhancement of the overall heat transfer, although both laminar and turbulent regimes give$Nu\sim Ra^{1/5}$. The results support both viscous and inviscid theoretical scaling models from previous work. The mechanical energy budget for an intermediate range of Rayleigh numbers above onset of instability ($10^{10}<Ra<10^{13}$) reveals that the small scales of motion are produced predominantly by thermal convection, whereas at$Ra \ge 10^{14}$shear instability of the large-scale flow begins to play a dominant role in sustaining the small-scale turbulence. Extrapolation to ocean conditions requires knowledge of the inertial regime identified here, but the simulations show that the corresponding asymptotic balance has not been fully realized by$Ra \sim 10^{15}$.
THE TREE PROPERTY UP TO אω+1
Authors: NEEMAN ITAY 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAssuming ω supercompact cardinals we force to obtain a model where the tree property holds both at אω+1, and at אn for all 2 ≤ n < ω. A model with the former was obtained by Magidor–Shelah from a large cardinal assumption above a huge cardinal, and recently by Sinapova from ω supercompact cardinals. A model with the latter was obtained by Cummings–Foreman from ω supercompact cardinals. Our model, where the two hold simultaneously, is another step toward the goal of obtaining the tree property on increasingly large intervals of successor cardinals.
COMPLEXITY OF COMPLEXITY AND STRINGS WITH MAXIMAL PLAIN AND PREFIX
KOLMOGOROV COMPLEXITY
Authors: BAUWENS B. , SHEN A. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractPéter Gács showed (Gács 1974) that for every
n there exists a bit string x of length
n whose plain complexity
C(x) has almost maximal conditional complexity
relative to x, i.e., $C\left( {C\left( x \right)|x} \right) \ge {\rm{log}}n - {\rm{log}}^{\left( 2 \right)} n - O\left( 1 \right)$ (Here ${\rm{log}}^{\left( 2 \right)} i = {\rm{loglog}}i$.) Following Elena Kalinina (Kalinina 2011), we provide a simple
game-based proof of this result; modifying her argument, we get a better (and
tight) bound ${\rm{log}}n - O\left( 1 \right)$ We also show the same bound for prefix-free complexity.Robert Solovay showed (Solovay 1975) that infinitely many strings
x have maximal plain complexity but not maximal prefix
complexity (among the strings of the same length): for some c
there exist infinitely many x such that $|x| - C\left( x \right) \le c$ and $|x| + K\left( {|x|} \right) - K\left( x \right) \ge {\rm{log}}^{\left( 2 \right)} |x| - c{\rm{log}}^{\left( 3 \right)} |x|$ In fact, the results of Solovay and Gács are closely
related. Using the result above, we provide a short proof for
Solovay’s result. We also generalize it by showing that for some
c and for all n there are strings
x of length n with $n - C\left( x \right) \le c$ and $n + K\left( n \right) - K\left( x \right) \ge K\left( {K\left( n \right)|n} \right) - 3K\left( {K\left( {K\left( n \right)|n} \right)|n} \right) - c.$ We also prove a close upper bound $K\left( {K\left( n \right)|n} \right) + O\left( 1 \right)$Finally, we provide a direct game proof for Joseph Miller’s
generalization (Miller 2006) of the same Solovay’s theorem: if a
co-enumerable set (a set with c.e. complement) contains for every length a
string of this length, then it contains infinitely many strings
x such that$|x| + K\left( {|x|} \right) - K\left( x \right) \ge {\rm{log}}^{\left( 2 \right)} |x| - O\left( {{\rm{log}}^{\left( 3 \right)} |x|} \right).$
Identification ofHelicobacter pyloriinfection in symptomatic patients in Surabaya, Indonesia, using five diagnostic tests
Authors: MIFTAHUSSURUR M. , SHIOTA S. , SUZUKI R. , MATSUDA M. , UCHIDA T. , KIDO Y. , KAWAMOTO F. , MAIMUNAH U. , ADI P. , REZKITHA Y. , NASRONUDIN  , NUSI I. , YAMAOKA Y. 
Published: June 2014

SUMMARYThe prevalence ofHelicobacter pyloriinfection in Indonesia is controversial. We examined theH. pyloriinfection rate in 78 patients in a hospital in Surabaya using five different tests, including culture, histology, immunohistochemistry, rapid urease test, and urine antibody test. Furthermore, we analysed virulence factors inH. pyloristrains from Indonesia. TheH. pyloriinfection rate was only 11·5% in all patients studied, and 2·3% of Javanese patients and 18·0% of Chinese patients were infected (P = 0·01). Although severe gastritis was not observed, activity and inflammation were significantly higher in patients positive forH. pylorithan in patients negative forH. pylori. Among genotypes identified from five isolated strains,cagAwas found in four; two werevacAs1m1. AllcagA-positive strains wereoipA‘on’ andiceA1positive. We confirmed both a lowH. pyloriinfection rate and a low prevalence of precancerous lesions in dyspeptic patients in a Surabaya hospital, which may contribute to the low incidence of gastric cancer in Indonesia.
The influence of diurnal temperature range on the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus in Japan
Authors: ONOZUKA D. 
Published: June 2014

SUMMARYThe incidence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has been reported to exhibit seasonal variation. However, the impact of diurnal temperature range (DTR) on RSV has not been investigated. After acquiring data related to cases of RSV and weather parameters of DTR in Fukuoka, Japan, between 2006 and 2012, we used negative binomial generalized linear models and distributed lag nonlinear models to assess the possible relationship between DTR and RSV cases, adjusting for confounding factors. Our analysis revealed that the weekly number of RSV cases increased with a relative risk of 3·30 (95% confidence interval 1·65–6·60) for every 1°C increase in DTR. Our study provides quantitative evidence that the number of RSV cases increased significantly with increasing DTR. We suggest that preventive measures for limiting the spread of RSV should be considered during extended periods of high DTR.
Role of arachidonic acid cascade in Rhinella arenarum oocyte maturation
Authors: Ortiz Maria Eugenia , Arias-Torres Ana Josefina , Zelarayán Liliana Isabel 
Published: June 2014

SummaryThere are no studies that document the production of prostaglandins (PGs) or their role in Rhinella arenarum oocyte maturation. In this study, we analysed the effect of arachidonic acid (AA) and prostaglandins (PGs) on maturation, activation and pronuclear formation in R. arenarum oocytes. Our results demonstrated that AA was capable of inducing maturation in time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. Arachidonic acid-induced maturation was inhibited by indomethacin. PGs from AA hydrolysis, such as prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and, to a lesser extent, PGE2, induced meiosis resumption. Oocyte maturation in response to PGF2α was similar to that produced by progesterone (P4). Oocyte response to PGE1 was scarce. Rhinella arenarum oocyte PGF2α-induced maturation showed seasonal variation. From February to June, oocytes presented low sensitivity to PGF2α. In following periods, this response increased until a maximum was reached during October to January, a close temporal correlation with oocyte response to P4 being observed. The effect of PGF2α on maturation was verified by analysing the capacity of oocytes to activate and form pronuclei after being injected with homologous sperm. The cytological analysis of activated oocytes demonstrated the absence of cortical granules in oocytes, suggesting that PGF2α induces germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and meiosis resumption up to metaphase II. In turn, oocytes matured by the action of PGF2α were able to form pronuclei after fertilization in a similar way to oocyte maturated by P4. In microinjection of mature cytoplasm experiments, the transformation of pre-maturation promoting factor (pre-MPF) to MPF was observed when oocytes were treated with PGF2α. In summary, our results illustrated the participation of the AA cascade and its metabolites in maturation, activation and pronuclei formation in R. arenarum.
Associations between low consumption of fruits and vegetables and nutritional deficiencies in Brazilian schoolchildren
Authors: Augusto Rosangela Aparecida , Cobayashi Fernanda , Cardoso Marly Augusto 
Published: June 2014

AbstractObjectiveWe examined associations between the frequency of fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption and nutritional deficiencies among Brazilian schoolchildren.DesignA cross-sectional, population-based study was performed. A short FFQ was used to assess consumption of fruits and vegetables (F&V) over the past month. The prevalence ratios (PR) and 95 % confidence intervals for stunting, obesity, anaemia, vitamin A and folate deficiencies, vitamin E and vitamin D insufficiencies were estimated for low F&V consumption frequency (vegetables ≤3 times/month and fruits ≤3 times/week) and compared with children with usual F&V consumption frequency (vegetables ≥1 time/week and fruits ≥4 times/week).SettingAcrelândia, Western Brazilian Amazon.SubjectsA total of 702 children aged 4–10 years.ResultsOnly 5 % of children consumed F&V ≥5 times/d. Prevalence of deficiency was 31 %, 15 %, 9 % and 2 % for vitamins D, A, E and folate, respectively. Overall, 6·3 % of children were anaemic, 3·3 % were stunted, 2·7 % were obese and 33 % had multiple nutritional deficiencies. Low frequency of F&V consumption was associated with lower plasma concentrations of carotenoids and vitamin E. Nutritional deficiencies were higher among non-consumers of F&V when compared with usual consumers: anaemia (PR=1·9; 95 % CI 1·0, 3·7), vitamin E insufficiency (PR=2·5; 95 % CI 1·5, 4·2), vitamin D insufficiency (PR=1·5; 95 % CI 1·1, 1·9) and stunting (PR=2·6; 95 % CI 1·1, 6·1).ConclusionsIn our study, the occurrence of nutritional deficiencies in children with low F&V consumption was twice as high as in children with usual F&V consumption, reinforcing the importance of effective actions to promote the consumption of F&V.
Evaluation of 4β‐Hydroxycholesterol as a Clinical Biomarker of CYP3A4 Drug Interactions Using a Bayesian Mechanism–Based Pharmacometric Model
Authors: Leil TA , Kasichayanula S , Boulton DW , LaCreta F 
Published: June 2014

A Bayesian mechanism–based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) activity was developed based on a clinical study of the effects of ketoconazole and rifampin on midazolam exposure and plasma 4β‐hydroxycholesterol (4βHC) concentrations. Simulations from the model demonstrated that the dynamic range of 4βHC as a biomarker of CYP3A4 induction or inhibition was narrower than that of midazolam; an inhibitor that increases midazolam area under the curve by 20‐fold may only result in a 20% decrease in 4βHC after 14 days of dosing. Likewise, an inducer that elevates CYP3A4 activity by 1.2‐fold would reduce the area under the curve of midazolam by 50% but would only increase 4βHC levels by 20% after 14 days of dosing. Elevation in 4βHC could be reliably detected with a twofold induction in CYP3A4 activity with study sample sizes (N ~ 6–20) typically used in early clinical development. Only a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor (e.g., ketoconazole) could be detected with similar sample sizes.CPT Pharmacometrics Syst. Pharmacol. (2014) 3, e120; doi:10.1038/psp.2014.18; published online 25 June 2014
Single and double bosonic stimulation of THz emission in polaritonic systems
Authors: Kaliteevski M. A. , Ivanov K. A. , Pozina G. , Gallant A. J. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe influence of the surrounding cavity on the efficiency of different types of polaritonic emitters of THz radiation has been analysed. It is demonstrated that THz lasing threshold in realistic structures cannot be achieved without a THz cavity, due to destruction of polaritons via excitonic Mott transition. Even modest values of cavity quality factor (not exceeding 50) provide significant quantum efficiency.