bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate change enhances primary production in the western Antarctic Peninsula
Authors: Moreau Sébastien , Mostajir Behzad , Bélanger Simon , Schloss Irene R. , Vancoppenolle Martin , Demers Serge , Ferreyra Gustavo A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIntense regional warming was observed in the western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) over the last 50 years. Here, we investigate the impact of climate change on primary production (PP) in this highly productive region. This study is based on temporal data series of ozone thickness (1972–2010), sea ice concentration (1978–2010), sea‐surface temperature (1990–2010), incident irradiance (1988–2010) and satellite‐derived chlorophyll a concentration (Chl‐a, 1997–2010) for the coastal WAP. In addition, we apply a photosynthesis/photoinhibition spectral model to satellite‐derived data (1997–2010) to compute PP and examine the separate impacts of environmental forcings. Since 1978, sea ice retreat has been occurring earlier in the season (in March in 1978 and in late October during the 2000s) while the ozone hole is present in early spring (i.e. August to November) since the early 1990s, increasing the intensity of ultraviolet‐B radiation (UVBR, 280–320 nm). The WAP waters have also warmed over 1990–2010. The modelled PP rates are in the lower range of previously reported PP rates in the WAP. The annual open water PP in the study area increased from 1997 to 2010 (from 0.73 to 1.03 Tg C yr−1) concomitantly with the increase in the production season length. The coincidence between the earlier sea ice retreat and the presence of the ozone hole increased the exposure to incoming radiation (UVBR, UVAR and PAR) and, thus, increased photoinhibition during austral spring (September to November) in the study area (from 0.014 to 0.025 Tg C yr−1). This increase in photoinhibition was minor compared to the overall increase in PP, however. Climate change hence had an overall positive impact on PP in the WAP waters.
Assemblage Thinking and Participatory Development: Potentiality, Ethics, Biopolitics
Authors: Grove Kevin , Pugh Jonathan 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe politics and ethics of participatory development have been a topic of vibrant debate since the 1990s. While proponents assert that participation emancipates and empowers marginalized people, critics assert that it enacts new forms of control and regulation. This paper reads these debates through the analytical lens offered by assemblage thinking. Assemblage allows us to foreground affective relations between people and things, and the diagrams of power, or ideal sets of force relations, that attempt to direct these affective relations. On this basis, we characterize different participatory approaches in terms of their relation to the constitutive power of affective relations: modernist participation enacts a will to truth that attempts to objectify and control constitutive power through categories such as social capital and vulnerability; performative participation recognizes that participatory activities, while still entangled in power relations, may develop in ways that might challenge existing power relations, and the designs of the project organizer. This characterization helps us identify a politics of life enacted through participatory activities: on one hand, a negative biopolitics that problematizes constitutive power; on the other, an affirmative biopolitics that creates new possibilities for individual and collective life. Assemblage thinking can thus reconfigure participation around an affirmative biopolitics that positions the researcher as one resource among others marginalized people might use in their struggles against insecurity and suffering.
Development of a rapid method for the determination of frying oil quality based on capillary penetration
Authors: Kalogianni Eleni P. , Karastogiannidou Calliope 
Published: January 2015

SummaryA novel rapid method and apparatus for the determination of frying oil quality based on capillary penetration is presented. The method measures the rate (or time vs. distance) of penetration of the oil in a substrate. Several porous media made of different materials (glass, cellulose, polyethylene) having different pore sizes were examined as potential substrates. A polyethylene substrate was selected as the most appropriate. This substrate was used for measurements with olive and sunflower oil at different levels of degradation (at 170 °C for up to 32 h). The fresh and degraded oil polymer and polar compounds were measured using HPSEC. The results of the method were linearly related to the oil degradation time (R2 = 0.95) and the concentration of polymer (R2 = 0.95) and polar (R2 = 0.91) compounds. The results of this work suggest that the capillary penetration method is a promising novel method that merits further investigation and development.
Standards of practice for the adult mental health workforce: Meeting the needs of families where a parent has a mental illness
Authors: Goodyear Melinda , Hill Terri‐Lee , Allchin Becca , McCormick Francis , Hine Rochelle , Cuff Rose , O'Hanlon Brendan 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThis article outlines the development of practice standards for the adult mental health workforce for addressing the needs of families where a parent has a mental illness (FaPMI). The practice standards recommended here were formulated using a modified cooperative inquiry process with a group of senior clinical leaders in adult mental health services in Australia, following consultation with the available literature and policy documents. The aim of the project was to generate, align, and operationalize family‐inclusive practice standards within the core activities of the adult mental health workforce and integrate into the continuum of care and recovery for service users who are parents of dependent children. As part of a modified Delphi method, the standards were also ranked by the senior clinical leaders to determine what they believe to be essential and recommended practices for the adult mental health workforce they manage. We argue that developing practice standards that provide practical and realistic expectations of the adult mental health service workforce enable services and workers to better adapt practice to respond to FaPMI.
The parachute function of the hull in eggs of Mopalia kennerleyi (Chitonida: Mopaliidae), and swimming of its larvae through ontogeny
Authors: Rebolledo Adriana P. , Emlet Richard B. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractFree‐spawning species of chitons produce eggs enclosed in a coating known as the hull. In Chitonida, several studies have shown that the hull helps to direct sperm to specific areas of the egg surface, facilitating fertilization. One study has found evidence that this structure also serves to reduce the sinking rates of the eggs. To clarify how the presence of the hull modifies sinking rates in chiton eggs, here we compare sinking speeds and densities of eggs of Mopalia kennerleyi with and without the hull. Sinking rates of eggs with the hull were approximately one‐third of those without it. This structure acts as a flotation device because it has a density very close to that of seawater, and it increases the effective diameter and therefore the drag on the negatively buoyant egg. Since there is limited knowledge about morphology and behavior of chiton larvae, we also analyzed changes during ontogeny in behavior, swimming speeds, and body shape of larvae of M. kennerleyi. Over time, the larvae decreased their upward swimming tendency and preferred to stay near the bottom, and their bodies became elongated and dorso‐ventrally compressed. These changes may be related to preparation for settlement and metamorphosis. Further studies of these subjects are required in chitons, since movement of early stages, as eggs/embryos sinking or larvae swimming in the water column, may affect their survival.
Are baths desirable in atopic dermatitis?
Authors: Sarre M.‐E. , Martin L. , Moote W. , Mazza J.A. , Annweiler C. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBackgroundBathing is a therapeutic measure commonly advised in atopic dermatitis (AD). Whether baths improve skin condition remains yet unclear. Our objectives were to appreciate the effect of 1‐month tap water bathing on the submerged skin of AD patients, and to evaluate the proportion of AD patients in favour of baths.MethodsA Medline search of the last 30 years was performed in November 2012 using the Medical Subject Heading terms ‘Atopic Dermatitis’ OR ‘Eczema’ combined with ‘Baths’ OR ‘Bath’ OR ‘Hydrotherapy’ OR ‘Cleansing’ OR ‘Soak’. Interventional studies measuring skin changes after tap water bathing were selected for the first analysis. Observational studies reporting the proportion of AD patients favourable to baths were selected for the second analysis. Important details regarding methods and results were independently extracted by two authors. Random‐effects models were used to combine data on outcomes and conduct meta‐analyses.ResultsOf the 271 abstracts initially identified, seven studies met the selection criteria. All were of good quality. The number of patients with AD ranged from 89 to 260 (41.4–66.3% female). The pooled effect size of skin changes after baths was −0.10 (95% confidence interval: −0.47 to 0.28) in random‐effects meta‐analysis. The meta‐analytical pooled proportion of AD patients in favour of baths was 29.1% (18.5–42.7).ConclusionsWe found no evidence of an effect of 1‐month tap water bathing on skin changes in AD. Only 29 percent of AD patients were favourable to baths. Use of baths in AD should be decided together with the patient.
Practical approach to the use of daylight photodynamic therapy with topical methyl aminolevulinate for actinic keratosis: a European consensus
Authors: Morton C.A. , Wulf H.C. , Szeimies R.M. , Gilaberte Y. , Basset‐Seguin N. , Sotiriou E. , Piaserico S. , Hunger R.E. , Baharlou S. , Sidoroff A. , Braathen L. R. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIntroductionDaylight‐mediated photodynamic therapy has been shown to be an effective therapy for actinic keratoses (AKs) and a simple and tolerable treatment procedure in three randomized Scandinavian studies and two recent Phase III randomized controlled studies in Australia and Europe.ObjectivesTo establish consensus recommendations for the use of daylight photodynamic therapy (DL‐PDT) using topical methyl aminolaevulinate (MAL) in European patients with AKs.MethodsThe DL‐PDT consensus recommendations were developed on behalf of the European Society for Photodynamic Therapy in Dermatology and comprised of 10 dermatologists from different European countries with experience in how to treat AK patients with PDT. Consensus was developed based on literature review and experience of the experts in the treatment of AK using DL‐PDT.ResultsThe recommendations arising from this panel of experts provide general guidance on the use of DL‐PDT as a dermatological procedure with specific guidance regarding patient selection, therapeutic indications, when to treat, pre‐treatment skin preparation, MAL application and daylight exposure for patients with AK in different countries of Europe.ConclusionsThis consensus recommendation provides a framework for physicians to perform DL‐PDT with MAL cream while ensuring efficiency and safety in the treatment of patients with AK in different European countries.
Dermoscopic variability of basal cell carcinoma according to clinical type and anatomic location
Authors: Suppa M. , Micantonio T. , Di Stefani A. , Soyer H.P. , Chimenti S. , Fargnoli M.C. , Peris K. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBackgroundCorrectly diagnosing basal cell carcinoma (BCC) clinical type is crucial for the therapeutic management. A systematic description of the variability of all reported BCC dermoscopic features according to clinical type and anatomic location is lacking.ObjectivesTo describe the dermoscopic variability of BCC according to clinical type and anatomic location and to test the hypothesis of a clinical/dermoscopic continuum across superficial BCCs (sBCCs) with increasing palpability.MethodsClinical/dermoscopic images of nodular BCCs (nBCCs) and sBCCs with different degrees of palpability were retrospectively evaluated for the presence of dermoscopic criteria including degree of pigmentation, BCC‐associated patterns, diverse vascular patterns, melanocytic patterns and polarized light patterns.ResultsWe examined 501 histopathologically proven BCCs (66.9% sBCCs; 33.1% nBCCs), mainly located on trunk (46.7%; mostly sBCCs) and face (30.5%; mostly nBCCs). Short fine telangiectasias, leaf‐like areas, spoke‐wheel areas, small erosions and concentric structures were significantly associated with sBCC, whereas arborizing telangiectasias, blue‐white veil‐like structures, white shiny areas and rainbow pattern with nBCCs. Short fine telangiectasia, spoke‐wheel areas and small erosions were independently associated with trunk location, whereas arborizing telangiectasias with facial location. Scalp BCCs had significantly more pigmentation and melanocytic criteria than BCCs located elsewhere. Multiple clinical/dermoscopic parameters displayed a significant linear trend across increasingly palpable sBCCs.ConclusionsParticular dermoscopic criteria are independently associated with clinical type and anatomic location of BCC. Heavily pigmented, scalp BCCs are the most challenging to diagnose. A clinical/dermoscopic continuum across increasingly palpable sBCCs was detected and could be potentially important for the non‐surgical management of the disease.
Internalized Other Interviewing in Relational Therapy: Three Discursive Approaches to Understanding its Use and Outcomes
Authors: Mudry Tanya E. , Strong Tom , Sametband Inés , Rogers‐de Jong Marnie , Gaete Joaquín , Merritt Samantha , Doyle Emily M. , Ross Karen H. 
Published: January 2015

For over 20 years, family therapist Karl Tomm has been engaging families and couples with a therapeutic intervention he calls Internalized Other Interviewing (IOI). The IOI (cf. Emmerson‐Whyte, 2010; Hurley, 2006) entails interviewing clients, from the personal experiences of partners and family members as an internalized other. The IOI is based on the idea that through dialogues over time, one can internalize a sense of one's conversational partner responsiveness in reliably anticipated ways. Anyone who has thought in a conversation with a family member or partner, “Oh there s/he goes again,” or anticipates next words before they leave the other's mouth, has a sense of what we are calling an internalized other. For Tomm, the internalized anticipations partners and family members may have offers entry points into new dialogues with therapeutic potential—particularly, when their actual dialogues get stuck in dispreferred patterns.
The effect of injection using narrow-bore needles on mammalian cells: administration and formulation considerations for cell therapies
Authors: Amer Mahetab H , White Lisa J , Shakesheff Kevin M 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Objectives
This study focuses on the effect of the injection administration process on a range of cell characteristics.

Methods
Effects of different ejection rates, needle sizes and cell suspension densities were assessed in terms of viability, membrane integrity, apoptosis and senescence of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. For ratiometric measurements, a multiplex assay was used to verify cell viability, cytotoxicity and apoptosis independent of cell number. Co-delivery with alginate hydrogels and viscosity-modifying excipients was also assessed.

Key findings
Ejections at 150 μl/min resulted in the highest percentage of dose being delivered as viable cells among ejection rates tested. The difference in proportions of apoptotic cells became apparent 48 h after ejection, with proportions being higher in samples ejected at slower rates. Co-delivery with alginate hydrogels demonstrated a protective action on the cell payload.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates the importance of careful consideration of administration protocols required for successful delivery of cell suspensions, according to their nature and cellular responses post-ejection.
Clinician assessments of health status predict mortality in patients with end‐stage liver disease awaiting liver transplantation
Authors: Lai Jennifer C. , Covinsky Kenneth E. , Hayssen Hilary , Lizaola Blanca , Dodge Jennifer L. , Roberts John P. , Terrault Norah A. , Feng Sandy 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBackground & AimsThe US liver allocation system effectively prioritizes most liver transplant candidates by disease severity as assessed by the Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score. Yet, one in five dies on the wait‐list. We aimed to determine whether clinician assessments of health status could identify this subgroup of patients at higher risk for wait‐list mortality.MethodsFrom 2012–2013, clinicians of all adult liver transplant candidates with laboratory MELD≥12 were asked at the clinic visit: ‘How would you rate your patient's overall health today (0 = excellent, 5 = very poor)?' The odds of death/delisting for being too sick for the transplant by clinician‐assessment score ≥3 vs. <3 were assessed by logistic regression.ResultsThree hundred and forty‐seven liver transplant candidates (36% female) had a mean follow‐up of 13 months. Men differed from women by disease aetiology (<0.01) but were similar in age and markers of liver disease severity (P > 0.05). Mean clinician assessment differed between men and women (2.3 vs. 2.6; P = 0.02). The association between clinician‐assessment and MELD was ρ = 0.28 (P < 0.01). 53/347 (15%) died/were delisted. In univariable analysis, a clinician‐assessment score ≥ 3 was associated with increased odds of death/delisting (2.57; 95% CI 1.42–4.66). After adjustment for MELD and age, a clinician‐assessment score ≥ 3 was associated with 2.25 (95% CI 1.22–4.15) times the odds of death/delisting compared to a clinician‐assessment score < 3.ConclusionsA standardized clinician assessment of health status can identify liver transplant candidates at high risk for wait‐list mortality independent of MELD score. Objectifying this ‘eyeball test’ may inform interventions targeted at this vulnerable subgroup to optimize wait‐list outcomes.
The ß‐importin KAP8 (Pse1/Kap121) is required for nuclear import of the cellulase transcriptional regulator XYR1, asexual sporulation and stress resistance in Trichoderma reesei
Authors: Ghassemi Sara , Lichius Alexander , Bidard Fréderique , Lemoine Sophie , Rossignol Marie‐Noëlle , Herold Silvia , Seidl‐Seiboth Verena , Seiboth Bernhard , Espeso Eduardo A. , Margeot Antoine , Kubicek Christian P. 
Published: January 2015

SummaryThe ascomycete Trichoderma reesei is an industrial producer of cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes, and serves as a prime model for their genetic regulation. Most of its (hemi‐)cellulolytic enzymes are obligatorily dependent on the transcriptional activator XYR1. Here, we investigated the nucleo‐cytoplasmic shuttling mechanism that transports XYR1 across the nuclear pore complex. We identified 14 karyopherins in T. reesei, of which eight were predicted to be involved in nuclear import, and produced single gene‐deletion mutants of all. We found KAP8, an ortholog of Aspergillus nidulans KapI, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Kap121/Pse1, to be essential for nuclear recruitment of GFP‐XYR1 and cellulase gene expression. Transformation with the native gene rescued this effect. Transcriptomic analyses of Δkap8 revealed that under cellulase‐inducing conditions 42 CAZymes, including all cellulases and hemicellulases known to be under XYR1 control, were significantly down‐regulated. Δkap8 strains were capable of forming fertile fruiting bodies but exhibited strongly reduced conidiation both in light and darkness, and showed enhanced sensitivity towards abiotic stress, including high osmotic pressure, low pH and high temperature. Together, these data underscore the significance of nuclear import of XYR1 in cellulase and hemicellulase gene regulation in T. reesei, and identify KAP8 as the major karyopherin required for this process.
Effect of low‐level laser therapy on dental root cementum remodeling in rats
Authors: Alsulaimani M. , Doschak M. , Dederich D. , Flores‐Mir C. 
Published: January 2015

Structured AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the amount of the cementum layer formed over the rat's dental root surfaces by daily application of low‐level laser therapy (LLLT) for 2 weeks.MethodsTwelve female Sprague‐Dawley (SD) rats were divided into two groups: six rats received daily LLLT (Ga‐Al‐As, 830 nm), and six rats received no treatment (control). The treatment lasted 2 weeks. In vivo Micro‐CT imaging analyzed the root's hard tissue volumetric changes. The cementum thickness was evaluated histologically.ResultsTotal cementum thicknesses in the LLLT group increased significantly (p = 0.015) compared to the control group. This significant increase in the cementum thickness, verified histologically, was not detectable during in vivo Micro‐CT imaging, which showed no significant difference between the groups regarding the root hard tissues volumetric changes over the 2‐week evaluation period.ConclusionTwo weeks of daily application of LLLT significantly increased rat's dental root cementum thickness as determined histologically. However, in vivo Micro‐CT imaging failed to accurately reveal this cementum growth as it was not possible to differentiate dentinal changes.
Electrocardiographic Comparison of Ventricular Premature Complexes during Exercise Test in Patients with CPVT and Healthy Subjects
Authors: BLICH MIRY , MARAI IBRAHIM , SULEIMAN MAHMOUD , LORBER AVRAHAM , GEPSTEIN LIOR , BOULOUS MONTHER , KHOURY ASAAD 
Published: January 2015

BackgroundCatecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a rare but highly malignant inherited arrhythmic disorder. Although a standardized exercise stress test (ST) is the most reliable way to diagnose CPVT, in 30% only single ventricular premature beats (VPCs) were recorded.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether electrocardiographic characteristics of VPCs during ST distinguish patients with CPVT from healthy subjects.MethodsElectrocardiographic characteristics of VPCs during ST in 16 calsequestrin‐2 (CASQ2) mutation carriers CPVT patients were compared with that in 36 healthy subjects.ResultsCPVT patients had more VPCs (31 ± 14 vs 3 ± 4, P < 0.0001), longer QRS duration (139 ± 18 ms vs 121 ± 21, P = 0.004), and coupling interval (CI; 476 ± 58 ms vs 355 ± 61 ms, P < 0.0001). The most sensitive characteristics for CPVT were >10 VPCs/test (100% sensitivity, 100% negative predictive value [NPV]), left bundle branch block (LBBB) pattern with inferior axis (88% sensitivity, 94% NPV), and CI longer than 400 ms (88% sensitivity, 94% NPV). Bigeminy or trigeminy or LBBB pattern with inferior axis was most specific for CPVT at 100% (100% positive predictive value PPV, 92% NPV). First VPC during the recovery period and VPC recording more than 1 minute during the recovery period were most specific for healthy subjects (100% specificity, 100% PPV). In multivariate analysis, QRS duration >120 ms (odds ratio 4.2, 95% confidence interval 1–17.6, P = 0.04) and first VPC at ≥10 mets (odds ratio 9.1, 95% confidence interval 2.01–41.1, P = 0.004) each predicted the presence of CPVT.ConclusionsSeveral electrocardiographic criteria can help distinguish VPCs originating from CPVT compared with healthy subjects.