bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurse‐led diuretic titration via a point‐of‐care urinary sodium sensor in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (EASY‐HF): A single‐centre, randomized, open‐label study
Authors: Meekers Evelyne , Martens Pieter , Dauw Jeroen , Gruwez Henri , Dhont Sebastiaan , Nijst Petra , Verbrugge Frederik H. , Ameloot Koen , Verhaert David , Dupont Matthias , Stassen Jorien , Opdenacker Marleen , Janssens Stefan , Mullens Wilfried 
Published: August 2024

AimsEarly evaluation of the natriuretic response is recommended to guide diuretic therapy in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). However, its implementation in daily practice is hampered by implementation barriers and increased time constraints. The Readily Available Urinary Sodium Analysis in Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (EASY‐HF) study assessed the feasibility, efficacy and safety of a nurse‐led urinary sodium‐based diuretic titration protocol with the use of a point‐of‐care urinary sodium sensor.Methods and resultsThe EASY‐HF study was a single‐centre, randomized, open‐label study comparing diuretic management at the treating physician's discretion as standard of care (SOC) with a nurse‐led natriuresis‐guided protocol in patients with ADHF. The LAQUAtwin Sodium Meter (HORIBA) was used as point‐of‐care sensor to measure urine sodium concentration. The primary endpoint was natriuresis after 48 h. Secondary endpoints included safety profile and user‐friendliness of both the protocol and the point‐of‐care sensor. Sixty patients were randomized towards SOC (n = 30) versus protocolized care (n = 30). The mean age was 80 ± 8 years, 25% were women and median N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide was 4667 (2667–7709) ng/L. Natriuresis after 48 h was significantly higher in the protocolized versus SOC group (820 ± 279 vs. 657 ± 273 mmol; p = 0.027). Pre‐defined safety endpoints were similar among both groups. The sensor‐based protocol was evaluated as easy to use by the nursing staff, and preferred over urinary collections.ConclusionA nurse‐led diuretic titration protocol via a point‐of‐care urinary sodium sensor was feasible, safe and resulted in an increased natriuresis in ADHF compared to SOC.
Synthetic Approaches to and Structures of Diplatinum Polyynediyl Complexes trans,trans‐[(C6F5)(R3P)2Pt(C≡C)nPt(PR3)2(C6F5)] With Odd Numbers of Triple Bonds; Avoiding Complicating Ethynediyl Extrusions
Authors: Dey Baksi Sourajit , Weisbach Nancy , Bhuvanesh Nattamai , Gladysz John A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractReactions of trans‐(C6F5)(p‐tol3P)2Pt(C≡C)nSiEt3 (PtC2nSi; n=5, 7, 9) and excess PtCl in the presence of wet n‐Bu4N+ F− (to effect protodesilylation) under Sonogashira‐type conditions (CuCl, base, other additives) afford the title compounds PtC10Pt, PtC14Pt, and PtC18Pt in 42–32 % yields. A four‐fold substitution of the phosphine ligands in PtC10Pt by PEt3 affords Pt'C10Pt’ (78 %), and a Sonogashira reaction of Pt'C2H and Pt'Cl affords Pt'C2Pt’ (68 %). The analogous reaction with PtC2Si and PtCl is unsuccessful, presumably for steric reasons. The crystal structures of PtC10Pt, PtC14Pt, Pt'C10Pt′, and Pt'C2Pt’ exhibit a number of interesting trends and features. Certain sp chain extension reactions that lead to or employ the precursors PtC10Si, PtC12Si, PtC14Si, and PtC18Si sometimes give byproducts derived from C2 loss, and possible origins are discussed. Related phenomena have been reported by others in the course of synthesizing extended conjugated polyynes.
A user's guide for the International Classification of Cognitive Disorders in Epilepsy
Authors: Hermann Bruce , Busch Robyn M. , Reyes Anny , Arrotta Kayela , Fujikawa Mayu , Ives‐Deliperi Victoria , Dollman Aimee , Shah Urvashi , McDonald Carrie R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo present the background, rationale, details pertaining to use and essential computational steps, synopsis of findings to date, and future directions for the International Classification of Cognitive Disorders in Epilepsy (IC‐CoDE)—an initiative of the ILAE Neuropsychology Task Force. Examined are: (a) the 6 steps leading to the derivation of a cognitive phenotype from neuropsychological test data with an accompanying case example, (b) concise review of all IC‐CoDE research to date, (c) summary of identified correlates of IC‐CoDE outcomes, and (d) future research and clinical directions for the initiative. The IC‐CoDE is computationally uncomplicated with individual or group data and represents a novel approach leading to new insights in the neuropsychology of epilepsy, with applications to diverse datasets internationally informing the reliability and validity of the approach. The IC‐CoDE represents a novel approach to the analysis and interpretation of neuropsychological data in epilepsy that offers to advance a global taxonomy of cognitive disorders in epilepsy facilitating international collaboration and big data science.
Switching carbamazepine to lacosamide improves gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase levels
Authors: Kubota Yuichi , Prado Mario 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCarbamazepine (CBZ) use has been limited by multiple adverse reactions. Lacosamide (LCM) is a functional amino acid anti‐seizure medication (ASM), approved for focal seizure patients more than 4 years old. It is non‐inferior in terms of efficacy to controlled release CBZ and was proven to have better tolerability. This study examines the effect of abruptly changing CBZ to LCM in epilepsy patients with elevated gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT). Consenting adult patients aged 18 years old and above, with controlled focal seizure disorder for more than 2 years, who were consistently taking CBZ and who had elevated GGT were included in this study. Out of 1526 patients screened, only 12 satisfied the inclusion criteria. After abruptly changing CBZ to LCM, the GGT level significantly dropped from a median of 141.5 to 63.5 IU/L (z = 3.06, p = 0.0005). Moreover, there was significantly lower proportion of patients with abnormal GGT levels after the switch in medications was done (100% vs. 66.7%, McNemar χ2 = 8, p = 0.008). Moderate to high levels of GGT in patients with focal epilepsy can be decreased by changing CBZ to LCM. Moreover, abruptly changing CBZ to LCM without cross‐titration may be safe and effective in preventing seizure incidence within a 1‐month period.Plain Language SummaryAlthough carbamazepine (CBZ) is the standard drug for focal seizures, its numerous side effects, especially in the liver, limits its use in a lot of patients with epilepsy. Gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT), which is elevated in liver disease of whatever cause including intake of CBZ, is associated with increased mortality. In this study, we found that abruptly changing CBZ to Lacosamide (LCM) can significantly decrease the GGT level in 1 month without apparent increase in seizure recurrence and side effects. Therefore, we conclude that high levels of GGT may be decreased by abruptly changing CBZ to LCM.
Fragments of the past: The intersection of AI, historical imagery, and early childhood creativity
Authors: Berson Ilene R. , Berson Michael J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the intersection of early childhood education and AI, with a focus on promoting multimodal play. Drawing from implementation research in preschools, we explore the potential of an AI‐powered painting tool to foster historical imagery, creativity, and self‐expression. The findings demonstrate how technology can be used to democratize access to cultural heritage resources while enabling children's creative play centered on variation, improvisation, and human interaction. The human‐in‐the‐loop approach is crucial in aligning AI integration with early childhood pedagogy, ensuring that technology supports, rather than replaces, teachers' roles in the classroom. The paper highlights the importance of maintaining a human presence in the learning process to create educational experiences that are developmentally appropriate and transformative for young children.
Using clustering of genetic variants in Mendelian randomization to interrogate the causal pathways underlying multimorbidity from a common risk factor
Authors: Liang Xiaoran , Mounier Ninon , Apfel Nicolas , Khalid Sara , Frayling Timothy M. , Bowden Jack 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMendelian randomization (MR) is an epidemiological approach that utilizes genetic variants as instrumental variables to estimate the causal effect of an exposure on a health outcome. This paper investigates an MR scenario in which genetic variants aggregate into clusters that identify heterogeneous causal effects. Such variant clusters are likely to emerge if they affect the exposure and outcome via distinct biological pathways. In the multi‐outcome MR framework, where a shared exposure causally impacts several disease outcomes simultaneously, these variant clusters can provide insights into the common disease‐causing mechanisms underpinning the co‐occurrence of multiple long‐term conditions, a phenomenon known as multimorbidity. To identify such variant clusters, we adapt the general method of agglomerative hierarchical clustering to multi‐sample summary‐data MR setup, enabling cluster detection based on variant‐specific ratio estimates. Particularly, we tailor the method for multi‐outcome MR to aid in elucidating the causal pathways through which a common risk factor contributes to multiple morbidities. We show in simulations that our “MR‐AHC” method detects clusters with high accuracy, outperforming the existing methods. We apply the method to investigate the causal effects of high body fat percentage on type 2 diabetes and osteoarthritis, uncovering interconnected cellular processes underlying this multimorbid disease pair.
CutFEM‐based MEG forward modeling improves source separability and sensitivity to quasi‐radial sources: A somatosensory group study
Authors: Erdbrügger Tim , Höltershinken Malte , Radecke Jan‐Ole , Buschermöhle Yvonne , Wallois Fabrice , Pursiainen Sampsa , Gross Joachim , Lencer Rebekka , Engwer Christian , Wolters Carsten 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSource analysis of magnetoencephalography (MEG) data requires the computation of the magnetic fields induced by current sources in the brain. This so‐called MEG forward problem includes an accurate estimation of the volume conduction effects in the human head. Here, we introduce the Cut finite element method (CutFEM) for the MEG forward problem. CutFEM's meshing process imposes fewer restrictions on tissue anatomy than tetrahedral meshes while being able to mesh curved geometries contrary to hexahedral meshing. To evaluate the new approach, we compare CutFEM with a boundary element method (BEM) that distinguishes three tissue compartments and a 6‐compartment hexahedral FEM in an n = 19 group study of somatosensory evoked fields (SEF). The neural generators of the 20 ms post‐stimulus SEF components (M20) are reconstructed using both an unregularized and a regularized inversion approach. Changing the forward model resulted in reconstruction differences of about 1 centimeter in location and considerable differences in orientation. The tested 6‐compartment FEM approaches significantly increase the goodness of fit to the measured data compared with the 3‐compartment BEM. They also demonstrate higher quasi‐radial contributions for sources below the gyral crowns. Furthermore, CutFEM improves source separability compared with both other approaches. We conclude that head models with 6 compartments rather than 3 and the new CutFEM approach are valuable additions to MEG source reconstruction, in particular for sources that are predominantly radial.
Sarcopenia may predict recurrence in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Colback Angela A. , Arkfeld Daniel V. , Paydar Alireza , Raslan Osama , Cates Daniel J. , Abouyared Marianne 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundMalnutrition is a major consequence of head and neck cancer (HNC), often leading to decreased skeletal muscle mass and impacting survival. The goal of this study is to determine the effect of sarcopenia, as defined by skeletal muscle index (SMI), on survival in patients with HNC.MethodsThis is a retrospective review of patients with HNC treated with surgery and/or radiation at a single tertiary care institute. All had pre‐treatment imaging available for skeletal muscle index (SMI) measurements, and SMI was calculated at the level of the 3rd cervical vertebra. Sarcopenia was defined as an SMI < 41 cm2/m2 in females and as <43 cm2/m2 in underweight or healthy weight males. Sarcopenia was defined as <53 cm2/m2 in overweight or obese males. Chi‐square analysis was performed to compare recurrence and survival rates, and survival analysis was performed via Kaplan–Meir curve.ResultsHundred and twelve patients with HNC were evaluated, 84 men and 28 women with an average age of 60.9 years. Tumors were primarily located in the oral cavity (24.1%) and oropharynx (42%). The majority (69.6%) underwent surgery. Mean body mass index prior to treatment was 28. Sixty‐nine patients (61.6%) in our cohort had low SMI. Mean follow‐up was 3.9 ± 2.2 years. Recurrence rate was 26% in those with low SMI versus 2% in those without. Patients with low SMI were more likely to have a recurrence (p = 0.02). Overall survival was 72.5% in those with low SMI and 81% in those with normal SMI (p = 0.09).ConclusionsDefining sarcopenia as a low skeletal muscle index at the third cervical vertebra is clinically relevant. This study demonstrates that low SMI at this level, and thus sarcopenia, was strongly associated with higher rates of recurrence.
Management of laryngeal chondroradionecrosis: A single‐center experience
Authors: Levin Einav G. , Ritter Amit , Bachar Gideon , Mizrachi Aviram , Shoffel‐Havakuk Hagit , Kurman Noga , Popovtzer Aron , Hamzany Yaniv 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundLaryngeal chondroradionecrosis (LCRN) is a rare but severe complication of radiation therapy. The study aimed to review the management of LCRN and evaluate the clinical benefit of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed all radiation‐induced LCRN patients between 2006 and 2019 at a tertiary medical center. Diagnosis was based on signs and symptoms of Chandler's classification, imaging, and/or histopathology report. The primary outcome was improvement in Chandler's grade after HBOT.ResultsOf 678 irradiated laryngeal cancer patients, 29 (4.3%) were diagnosed with LCRN. The most common primary management was tracheostomy with intravenous steroids and antibiotics (59%). Ten patients received HBOT (34.5%), and six underwent total laryngectomy (21%). In HBOT‐treated patients, Chandler's grade significantly improved from a median of 4 (range 2–4) to 2.5 (range 1–4; p = 0.005).ConclusionsHBOT may benefit in the management of patients with persistence and unresponsive symptoms of LCRN following radiation therapy for laryngeal SCC.
The relationship between corona disease anxiety and sleep disturbances and suicidal ideation in medical staff: The mediating role of resiliency and cognitive flexibility: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Haddadi Arya , Matinnia Nasrin , Yazdi‐Ravandi Saeid 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsMedical staff have experienced anxiety, sleep disturbances, and suicide due to the COVID‐19 epidemic. Thus, this study examined the relationship between corona disease anxiety, sleep problems, and suicidal ideation in medical staff and how resiliency and cognitive flexibility mediate it.MethodsThis descriptive‐analytical cross‐sectional study examined medical staff. In 2022, participants were affiliated with Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Iran educational and treatment centers. Sampling was done at primary COVID‐19 treatment centers. Data was collected using validated instruments. Ethics were observed during data collecting.ResultsPath analysis was employed to test hypotheses. Analysis showed significant positive relationships between Corona disease anxiety and sleep disturbances (p = 0.001, β = 0.438) and suicidal ideation (p = 0.001, β = 0.310). Conversely, negative and significant associations were identified between resiliency and cognitive flexibility with sleep disturbances and suicidal ideation.ConclusionsThe study illustrates how medical staff's psychological health is linked to COVID‐19. High Corona disease anxiety causes sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. Resilience and cognitive flexibility modulated Corona disease anxiety, sleep problems, and suicidal thoughts. The comprehensive study focuses on medical staff mental health issues, suggesting targeted solutions.
Improving COVID‐19 Detection Through Cooperative Deep‐Learning Pipeline for Lung Semantic Segmentation in Medical Imaging
Authors: Mourdi Youssef , Allioui Hanane , Sadgal Mohamed 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe global impact of COVID‐19 has resulted in millions of individuals being afflicted, with a staggering mortality toll of over 16 000 over a span of 2 years. The dearth of resources and diagnostic techniques has had an impact on both emerging and wealthy nations. In response to this, researchers from the domains of engineering and medicine are using deep learning methods to create automated algorithms for detecting COVID‐19. This work included the development and comparison of a collaborative deep‐learning model for the identification of COVID‐19 using CT scan images, in comparison to previous deep learning‐based methods. The model underwent an ablation study using publicly accessible COVID‐19 CT imaging datasets, with encouraging outcomes. The suggested model might aid doctors and academics in devising tools to expedite the process of determining the optimal therapeutic approach for health professionals, hence reducing the risk of potential problems.
Rarest of the rare: People's awareness and perceptions about the woolly flying squirrel in Uttarakhand Himalaya, Northern India
Authors: Chetia Hiranmoy , Chatakonda Murali K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Western woolly flying squirrel (Eupetaurus cinereus) was rediscovered after seven decades of presumed extinction and remains one of the least studied mammalian species. This study was conducted in the Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand, India, and aimed to assess local communities' awareness of the species and their potential role in its conservation. From August 2023 to January 2024, we conducted surveys in four villages, interviewing 65 individuals from Pahadi and Nepali communities. Results revealed limited familiarity with the squirrel, highlighting the need for targeted conservation education. Despite extensive camera trap surveys, conclusive evidence of the species' presence was not found, prompting concerns about its population status in the study area. Our findings show the importance of further research and community engagement for effective conservation. This study emphasises the need to align conservation efforts with community involvement for sustainable outcomes.
Inhibition of transglutaminase 2 inhibits ionizing radiation‐induced cellular senescence in skin keratinocytes in vitro
Authors: Chen Juping , Ma Jiang , Qi Dandan , Wang Yuxuan , Sun Xiaoming , Yang Jinghui , Sun Wentao , Luan Changjiao , Shan Qing , Liu Weili , Ma Xingjie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSenescent cells are typically characterized by a stable proliferation arrested in dividing cells accompanied with a senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Skin cellular senescence is the primary cause of skin aging, whereas the lack of identified skin senescence markers limits our understanding of the mechanisms involved in skin aging. Recent studies have revealed that intracellular calcium signaling has emerged as a key player in regulating cellular senescence and aging. However, the implication and roles of calcium signaling in skin keratinocyte senescence remain only partially understood. In this study, we developed a model for skin keratinocyte senescence using ionizing radiation (I/R) stimulation and found that the calcium‐associated gene transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) was significantly induced compared with normal control. Interestingly, inhibition of TGM2 was found to delay skin keratinocyte senescence by suppressing I/R‐promoted intracellular calcium signaling, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA damage, as well as NF‐κB‐mediated SASP secretion. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that inhibition of TGM2 contributes to bypassing I/R‐induced skin keratinocyte senescence and sheds light on novel strategies against skin stresses caused by I/R.
Iron oxide quantum dots‐based fluorescence probe for rapid and selective cytosine sensing
Authors: Sudewi Sri , Ruslin  , Fatimawali  , Zulfajri Muhammad , Chen Hsuan‐Ying , Huang Genin Gary 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe application of iron oxide quantum dots (IOQDs) in this study led to the development of a straightforward, easy, and selective approach for cytosine sensing. To examine the capability of IOQDs in detecting nucleobases, attempts have been made to gain insight into the characteristics of IOQDs, including UV/Vis spectroscopic analysis, infrared spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and powder‐XRD. We introduced IOQDs with a mean particle size distribution of 5.71 ± 0.08 nm for detecting cytosine by harnessing a turn‐on fluorescence phenomenon. The fostering fluorescence response of IOQDs was triggered in the presence of cytosine. In comparison, the presence of other nucleobases did not further induce the fluorescence signal of IOQDs. It was concluded that the hydrogen bonding bridging the carboxylate and hydroxyl groups on the surface of QDs with the amine groups of cytosine results in the elevation of IOQDs fluorescence.
Phase 1 Safety and Pharmacokinetics Study of TAVO101, an Anti‐Human Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin Antibody for the Treatment of Allergic Inflammatory Conditions
Authors: Han Chao , Fung Isa , Zhang Di , Jin Ying , Chen Peng , Tam Susan , Chiu Mark L. , Fung Man‐Cheong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTAVO101 is a humanized anti‐human thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) monoclonal antibody under clinical development for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) and other allergic inflammatory conditions. The crystallizable fragment region of the antibody was engineered for half‐life extension and attenuated effector functions. This Phase 1, double‐blinded, randomized, placebo‐controlled study assessed the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity of TAVO101 in healthy adult subjects in seven ascending dose cohorts. Subjects received a single intravenous administration of TAVO101 or placebo with a 195‐day follow‐up. TAVO101 was safe and well tolerated. The incidences and severities of treatment‐emergent adverse events were mostly mild and comparable between the active and placebo groups, with no trends of dose relationship. There were no severe adverse events, deaths, or treatment‐related withdrawals. TAVO101 exhibited a linear pharmacokinetic profile, low clearance, and a median elimination half‐life of 67 days in healthy subjects. All TAVO101‐treated subjects tested negative for anti‐drug antibodies. To support development in AD, TAVO101 was studied in an oxazolone‐induced AD model in hTSLP transgenic mice and demonstrated efficacy. This long‐acting anti‐TSLP antibody has the potential for stronger and sustained allergic inflammatory disease control. The results from this study warranted further clinical development of TAVO101 in patients.