bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cabozantinib and nivolumab with or without live bacterial supplementation in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a randomized phase 1 trial
Authors: Ebrahimi Hedyeh , Dizman Nazli , Meza Luis , Malhotra Jasnoor , Li Xiaochen , Dorff Tanya , Frankel Paul , Llamas-Quitiquit Marian , Hsu Joann , Zengin Zeynep B. , Alcantara Marice , Castro Daniela , Mercier Benjamin , Chawla Neal , Chehrazi-Raffle Alex , Barragan-Carrillo Regina , Jaime-Casas Salvador , Govindarajan Ameish , Gillece John , Trent Jeffrey , Lee Peter P. , Parks Thomas P. , Takahashi Motomichi , Hayashi Atsushi , Kortylewski Marcin , Caporaso J. Gregory , Lee Keehoon , Tripathi Abhishek , Pal Sumanta K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSupplementation with CBM588, a bifidogenic live bacterial product, has been associated with improved clinical outcomes in persons with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) receiving nivolumab and ipilimumab. However, its effect on those receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitor-based combinations is unknown. In this open-label, randomized, investigator-initiated, phase 1 study, 30 participants with locally advanced or mRCC with histological confirmation of clear cell, papillary or sarcomatoid component were randomized in a 2:1 fashion to receive cabozantinib (an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, MET and AXL) and nivolumab (anti-programmed cell death protein 1) with or without CBM588 as first-line treatment. Metagenomic sequencing was performed on stool samples to characterize their gut microbiome at baseline and 13 weeks into treatment. The primary endpoint was a change in the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium spp.; secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) and toxicity profile. The primary endpoint of the study was not met and the addition of CBM588 to cabozantinib and nivolumab did not result in a difference in the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium spp. or alpha diversity (as measured by the Shannon index). However, ORR was significantly higher in participants treated with CBM588 compared to those in the control arm (14 of 19, 74% versus 2 of 10, 20%; P = 0.01). PFS at 6 months was 84% (16 of 19) and 60% (6 of 10) in the experimental and control arms, respectively. No significant difference in toxicity profile was seen between the study arms. Our results provide a preliminary signal of improved clinical activity with CBM588 in treatment-naive participants with mRCC receiving cabozantinib and nivolumab. Further investigation is needed to confirm these findings and better characterize the underlying mechanism driving this effect.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05122546
A dataset of riverine nitrogen yield across watersheds in the Conterminous United States
Authors: Wang Yiming , Zhang Xuesong , Zhao Kaiguang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRiverine nitrogen is a pivotal determinant influencing water quality in inland and coastal waters. Despite the recognized utility, no spatially-explicit data on riverine nitrogen yield is available for large parts of the world, thus hindering our ability to identify the contributors to riverine nitrogen and understand aquatic nitrogen cycling. To fill the data gap for the United States, here we (1) compiled 294,996 total nitrogen (TN), 225,827 nitrate (NO3−), 204,015 ammonium (NH4+), and 158,837 total organic nitrogen (TON) concentrations, with concurrent streamflow data, across the Conterminous United States (CONUS), (2) estimated riverine nitrogen loads for over 1,800 hydrological stations, (3) derived the spatial distribution of annual riverine nitrogen yield by leveraging river and catchment connectivity information contained in the National Hydrography Dataset plus (NHDPlus), and (4) characterized nonpoint-source TN loads by excluding point-source loads. This new spatial dataset quantifies spatial sources of nitrogen yield from point and non-point sources (e.g., up to 36% from point sources across the U.S.) and serves as ground-truthing to validate water quality models.
Study on compaction characteristics and mechanical model of dry crushing filling material under lateral confinement condition
Authors: Xu Youlin , Wu Shaokang , Chen Zhisong , Wu Xukun , Zhang Jitao , Xiao Bing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The compaction characteristics and bearing capacity of dry filling materials in goaf have a significant influence on stope control and surface stability. Through acoustic emission monitoring and mechanical model analysis, a series of confined compression tests were conducted on crushed waste with varying particle sizes and Talbot coefficients. The deformation, fragmentation, and acoustic emission characteristics under corresponding working conditions were determined. The results indicate that the stress–strain curves of crushed stone with different particle sizes and Talbot coefficients exhibit similar nonlinear behavior during confined compression. However, the strain response varies with changing stress levels. By analyzing the slope change rate of the stress–strain curve, the lateral uniaxial compression process of waste rock can be divided into three deformation stages: rapid compression, stable crushing, and slow compaction. The compressive deformation characteristics of gravel differ based on particle size and Talbot coefficient. Specimens with a higher Talbot coefficient demonstrate stronger compressive resistance and weaker deformation resistance during initial compaction loading. Notably, the internal pressure structure strength is influenced by factors such as maximum particle size D, grading coefficient n, and particle size distribution continuity, rather than solely by the proportion of large particles. The evolution of acoustic emission signals and energy-time curve during waste rock confined axial compression synchronizes with the compaction process. Overall, compaction plays a critical role in maintaining the stability of goaf in dry crushed waste filling.
Pollen foraging preferences in honey bees and the nutrient profiles of the pollen
Authors: Yokota Seiji C. , Broeckling Corey , H.S. Arathi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHoney bees are important insect pollinators that provide critical pollination services to fruit and nut crops in the US. They face challenges likely due to pressures associated with agricultural intensification related habitat loss. To better understand this, pollen preferences of foraging bees and the nutritional profile of pollen brought into hives by foraging bees in crop fields and nut orchards can provide valuable information. We trained bees to forage on bee-collected pollen from hives placed for pollination services in almond orchards, sunflower fields, or mixed species from inter-row plantings. Using bees trained to a certain kind of hive pollen, we applied a binary scoring system, to test preferences of these preconditioned foragers. We also performed metabolomic analyses of the hive pollen used for training and testing to elucidate their nutritional content. Irrespective of preconditioning, bees collected all the available choice pollen types, predominantly choosing hive-collected mixed species pollen (MSP), followed by almond orchard pollen. The hive-collected MSP was chemically diverse, richest in cholesterol, vitamins, and phytochemicals quercetin, kaempferol, coumarin, and quinine, but was not consistently high for essential amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Although diversity in chemical profiles may not directly relate to plant species diversity, our results suggest that foragers collect a variety of pollen types when available reiterating the importance of diverse floral resources.
Self-assembled monolayers of reduced graphene oxide for robust 3D-printed supercapacitors
Authors: Scarpa Davide , Iuliano Mariagrazia , Cirillo Claudia , Iovane Pierpaolo , Borriello Carmela , Portofino Sabrina , Ponticorvo Eleonora , Galvagno Sergio , Sarno Maria 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHerein, additive manufacturing, which is extremely promising in different sectors, has been adopted in the electrical energy storage field to fabricate efficient materials for supercapacitor applications. In particular, Al2O3-, steel-, and Cu-based microparticles have been used for the realization of 3D self-assembling materials covered with reduced graphene oxide to be processed through additive manufacturing. Functionalization of the particles with amino groups and a subsequent "self-assembly" step with graphene oxide, which was contextually partially reduced to rGO, was carried out. To further improve the electrical conductivity and AM processability, the composites were coated with a polyaniline-dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid complex and further blended with PLA. Afterward, they were extruded in the form of filaments, printed through the fused deposition modeling technique, and assembled into symmetrical solid-state devices. Electrochemical tests showed a maximum mass capacitance of 163 F/g, a maximum energy density of 15 Wh/Kg at 10 A/g, as well as good durability (85% capacitance retention within 5000 cycles) proving the effectiveness of the preparation and the efficiency of the as-manufactured composites.
Exposure to Gulf war illness-related chemicals exacerbates alcohol-induced liver damage in rodents
Authors: Petrescu Anca D. , Venter Juliet , Danilenko Daria D. , Medina Daniela , Grant Stephanie , An Su Yeon , Williams Elaina , Mireles Patrick , Rhodes Kathryn , Tjahja Matthew , DeMorrow Sharon 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGulf War Illness (GWI) describes a series of symptoms suffered by veterans of the Gulf war, consisting of cognitive, neurological and gastrointestinal dysfunctions. Two chemicals associated with GWI are the insecticide permethrin (PER) and the nerve gas prophylactic pyridostigmine-bromide (PB). In this study we assessed the effects of PER and PB exposure on the pathology and subsequent alcohol (EtOH)-induced liver injury, and the influence of a macrophage depletor, PLX3397, on EtOH-induced liver damage in PER/PB-treated mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were injected daily with vehicle or PER/PB for 10 days, followed by 4 months recovery, then treatment with PLX3397 and a chronic-plus-single-binge EtOH challenge for 10 days. PER/PB exposure resulted in the protracted increase in liver transaminases in the serum and induced chronic low-level microvesicular steatosis and inflammation in GWI vs Naïve mice up to 4 months after cessation of exposure. Furthermore, prior exposure to PER/PB also resulted in exacerbated response to EtOH-induced liver injury, with enhanced steatosis, ductular reaction and fibrosis. The enhanced EtOH-induced liver damage in GWI-mice was attenuated by strategies designed to deplete macrophages in the liver. Taken together, these data suggest that exposure to GWI-related chemicals may alter the liver’s response to subsequent ethanol exposure.
Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics study of nicotine exposure in THP-1 monocytes
Authors: Uhlig Silvio , Olderbø Bergitte Pearl , Samuelsen Jan Tore , Uvsløkk Solveig , Ivanova Lada , Vanderstraeten Camille , Grutle Lene Aiko , Rangel-Huerta Oscar Daniel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe tobacco alkaloid nicotine is known for its activation of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Nicotine is consumed in different ways such as through conventional smoking, e-cigarettes, snuff or nicotine pouches. The use of snuff has been associated with several adverse health effects, such as inflammatory reactions of the oral mucosa and oral cavity cancer. We performed a metabolomic analysis of nicotine-exposed THP-1 human monocytes. Cells were exposed to 5 mM of the alkaloid for up to 4 h, and cell extracts and medium subjected to untargeted liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry. Raw data processing revealed 17 nicotine biotransformation products. Among these, cotinine and nornicotine were identified as the two major cellular biotransformation products. The application of multi- and univariate statistical analyses resulted in the annotation, up to a certain level of identification, of 12 compounds in the cell extracts and 13 compounds in the medium that were altered by nicotine exposure. Of these, four were verified as methylthioadenosine, cytosine, uric acid, and l-glutamate. Methylthioadenosine levels were affected in both cells and the medium, while cytosine, uric acid, and l-glutamate levels were affected in the medium only. The effects of smoking on the pathways involving these metabolites have been previously demonstrated in humans. Most of the other discriminating compounds, which were merely tentatively or not fully identified, were amino acids or amino acid derivatives. In conclusion, our preliminary data suggest that some of the potentially adverse effects related to smoking may also be expected when nicotine is consumed via snuff or nicotine pouches.
Atmospheric pressure microwave (915 MHz) plasma for hydrogen production from steam reforming of ethanol
Authors: Miotk Robert , Hrycak Bartosz , Czylkowski Dariusz , Jasiński Mariusz , Dors Mirosław , Mizeraczyk Jerzy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis work presents experimental results on the energy efficiency in hydrogen production using atmospheric microwave plasma (915 MHz) through steam reforming of ethanol. Ethanol was chosen as a liquid hydrogen carrier due to its high hydrogen atom content, low cost, and wide availability. The experimental work began with the maximization of an energy efficiency of the used microwave plasma source. The process of maximization involved determining a position of a movable plunger that ensures the most efficient transfer of microwave energy from a microwave source to the generated plasma in the microwave plasma source. The aim of the investigations was to test the following working conditions of the microwave plasma source: absorbed microwave power PA by the generated plasma (up to 5.4 kW), the carrier gas volumetric flow rate (up to 3900 Nl/h), and the amount of the introduced ethanol vapours on the efficiency of hydrogen production (up to 2.4 kg/h). In the range of tested working conditions, the highest energy yield for hydrogen production achieved a rate of 26.9 g(H2)/kWh, while the highest hydrogen production was 99.3 g(H2)/h.
Do engagement and behavioural mechanisms underpin the effectiveness of the Drink Less app?
Authors: Garnett Claire , Dinu Larisa-Maria , Oldham Melissa , Perski Olga , Loebenberg Gemma , Beard Emma , Angus Colin , Burton Robyn , Field Matt , Greaves Felix , Hickman Matthew , Kaner Eileen , Michie Susan , Munafò Marcus , Pizzo Elena , Brown Jamie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis is a process evaluation of a large UK-based randomised controlled trial (RCT) (n = 5602) evaluating the effectiveness of recommending an alcohol reduction app, Drink Less, compared with usual digital care in reducing alcohol consumption in increasing and higher risk drinkers. The aim was to understand whether participants’ engagement (‘self-reported adherence’) and behavioural characteristics were mechanisms of action underpinning the effectiveness of Drink Less. Self-reported adherence with both digital tools was over 70% (Drink Less: 78.0%, 95% CI = 77.6–78.4; usual digital care: 71.5%, 95% CI = 71.0–71.9). Self-reported adherence to the intervention (average causal mediation effect [ACME] = −0.250, 95% CI = −0.42, −0.11) and self-monitoring behaviour (ACME = −0.235, 95% CI = −0.44, −0.03) both partially mediated the effect of the intervention (versus comparator) on alcohol reduction. Following the recommendation (self-reported adherence) and the tracking (self-monitoring behaviour) feature of the Drink Less app appear to be important mechanisms of action for alcohol reduction among increasing and higher risk drinkers.
Recommendations to advance digital health equity: a systematic review of qualitative studies
Authors: Wilson Sarah , Tolley Clare , Mc Ardle Ríona , Lawson Lauren , Beswick Emily , Hassan Nehal , Slight Robert , Slight Sarah 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe World Health Organisation advocates Digital Health Technologies (DHTs) for advancing population health, yet concerns about inequitable outcomes persist. Differences in access and use of DHTs across different demographic groups can contribute to inequities. Academics and policy makers have acknowledged this issue and called for inclusive digital health strategies. This systematic review synthesizes literature on these strategies and assesses facilitators and barriers to their implementation. We searched four large databases for qualitative studies using terms relevant to digital technology, health inequities, and socio-demographic factors associated with digital exclusion summarised by the CLEARS framework (Culture, Limiting conditions, Education, Age, Residence, Socioeconomic status). Following the PRISMA guidelines, 10,401 articles were screened independently by two reviewers, with ten articles meeting our inclusion criteria. Strategies were grouped into either outreach programmes or co-design approaches. Narrative synthesis of these strategies highlighted three key themes: firstly, using user-friendly designs, which included software and website interfaces that were easy to navigate and compatible with existing devices, culturally appropriate content, and engaging features. Secondly, providing supportive infrastructure to users, which included devices, free connectivity, and non-digital options to help access healthcare. Thirdly, providing educational support from family, friends, or professionals to help individuals develop their digital literacy skills to support the use of DHTs. Recommendations for advancing digital health equity include adopting a collaborative working approach to meet users’ needs, and using effective advertising to raise awareness of the available support. Further research is needed to assess the feasibility and impact of these recommendations in practice.
A single-cell sequence analysis of mouse subcutaneous white adipose tissue reveals dynamic changes during weaning
Authors: Qian Shuwen , Zhang Chenyang , Tang Yan , Dai Mengyuan , He Zhihui , Ma Hong , Wang Linyuan , Yang Qiqi , Liu Yang , Xu Wei , Zhang Zhao , Tang Qi-qun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAdipose tissue development begins in the fetal period, and continues to expand after birth. Dysregulation of adipose tissue during weaning may predispose individuals to lifelong metabolic disorders. However, the developmental remodeling of adipose tissue during weaning remains largely unexplored. Here we comprehensively compare the changes in mouse subcutaneous white adipose tissue from 7 days after birth to 7 days after weaning using single-cell RNA sequencing along with other molecular and histologic assays. We characterize the developmental trajectory of preadipocytes and indicate the commitment of preadipocytes with beige potential during weaning. Meanwhile, we find immune cells unique to weaning period, whose expression of extracellular matrix proteins implies potential regulation on preadipocyte. Finally, the strongest cell-cell interaction during weaning determined by the TGFβ ligand-receptor pairs is between preadipocytes and endotheliocytes. Our results provide a detailed and unbiased cellular landscape and offer insights into the potential regulation of adipose tissue remodeling during weaning.
Molecular organization of fibroin heavy chain and mechanism of fibre formation in Bombyx mori
Authors: Moreno-Tortolero Rafael O. , Luo Yijie , Parmeggiani Fabio , Skaer Nick , Walker Robert , Serpell Louise C. , Holland Chris , Davis Sean A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFibroins’ transition from liquid to solid is fundamental to spinning and underpins the impressive native properties of silk. Herein, we establish a fibroin heavy chain fold for the Silk-I polymorph, which could be relevant for other similar proteins, and explains mechanistically the liquid-to-solid transition of this silk, driven by pH reduction and flow stress. Combining spectroscopy and modelling we propose that the liquid Silk-I fibroin heavy chain (FibH) from the silkworm, Bombyx mori, adopts a newly reported β-solenoid structure. Similarly, using rheology we propose that FibH N-terminal domain (NTD) templates reversible higher-order oligomerization driven by pH reduction. Our integrated approach bridges the gap in understanding FibH structure and provides insight into the spatial and temporal hierarchical self-assembly across length scales. Our findings elucidate the complex rheological behaviour of Silk-I, solutions and gels, and the observed liquid crystalline textures within the silk gland. We also find that the NTD undergoes hydrolysis during standard regeneration, explaining key differences between native and regenerated silk feedstocks. In general, in this study we emphasize the unique characteristics of native and native-like silks, offering a fresh perspective on our fundamental understanding of silk-fibre production and applications.
Life-history stage influences immune investment and oxidative stress in response to environmental heterogeneity in Antarctic fur seals
Authors: Nagel Rebecca , Pohle Katja , Jordán Lilla , Tuponja Iva , Stainfield Claire , Toscani Camille , Fox‑Clarke Cameron , Costantini David , Czirják Gábor Á. , Forcada Jaume , Hoffman Joseph I. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractImmune defenses are crucial for survival but costly to develop and maintain. Increased immune investment is therefore hypothesized to trade-off with other life-history traits. Here, we examined innate and adaptive immune responses to environmental heterogeneity in wild Antarctic fur seals. In a fully crossed, repeated measures design, we sampled 100 pups and their mothers from colonies of contrasting density during seasons of contrasting food availability. Biometric and cortisol data as well as blood for the analysis of 13 immune and oxidative status markers were collected at two key life-history stages. We show that immune responses of pups are more responsive than adults to variation in food availability, but not population density, and are modulated by cortisol and condition. Immune investment is associated with different oxidative status markers in pups and mothers. Our results suggest that early life stages show greater sensitivity to extrinsic and intrinsic effectors, and that immunity may be a strong target for natural selection even in low-pathogen environments such as Antarctica.
Implementing EU energy and climate governance: Germany and Sweden as frontrunners?
Authors: Lindberg Marie Byskov , Wettestad Jørgen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA core element in the EU’s Governance regulation (Regulation 2018/1999) is the regular production of National Energy and Climate Plans (NECPs). The process involves a dialog with the European Commission intended to lead to changed and improved plans. This new policy mechanism has been characterised as ‘harder soft governance’. Although member states are not obliged to specify binding targets for renewables and energy efficiency, they must report their contribution to fulfilling the overall European target. Furthermore, they must develop a plan for how to reach these contributions (the NECP). In this article we discuss NECP implementation in the first round of establishing NECPs in two traditional climate-policy frontrunners in the EU: Germany and Sweden. A key finding is that both countries did not perceive the NECP process as particularly important for national policy-making. Central targets and measures were mainly based on policies developed independently of the Governance Regulation. However, interaction with the Commission was more important for ‘reluctant’ Sweden than ‘Governance supporter’ Germany. Our study shows that both countries eventually produced the required contributions and plans, lending support to the argument that this new regulation has some ‘harder soft governance’ elements that will influence member states.