bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Making Copyright Management Agile: Challenges and Opportunities in Audiovisual Translation and Media Accessibility for a New Digital Era
Authors: Oncins Estella , Serrat-Roozen Iris 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDigital interactive accessibility services must enable human interaction with the media content beyond consumption, ensuring that people can perceive, understand, navigate, and interact with the content and contribute to it. All these new types of interactions are also a field of study in audiovisual translation (AVT) and media accessibility (MA), as translation is a form of human–computer interaction (HCI) (O’Brien, Translation Spaces 1:101–122, 2012). Therefore, the role of technology in AVT/MA is a key aspect not only in the process of creation, but also for distribution, delivery, and consumption. This tendency is expected to grow in the coming years as “technology is also the basis of tools to translate or adapt content and tools to consume content” (Matamala in Accessibilitat i traducció audiovisual, 2019). The progressive transition from Web 2.0 to Web 3.0, with the irruption of recent technologies such as blockchain and artificial intelligence (AI), is opening up innovative forms of communication and interaction for users in the digital world. Yet, challenges in relation to intellectual property rights (IPR) management in AVT/MA remain a major concern (Orero et al., 2023; Serrat-Roozen & Oncins, 2023). The following chapter presents the results of a series of focus groups held with professionals and researchers from the different fields of the AVT and MA in the frame of the European project MediaVerse. This three-year project was aimed at designing and testing a framework to allow professionals and laymen to publish multimedia content that may be easily shared. Results presented highlight user’s needs and expectations from AVT/MA professionals in relation to copyright management, through the use of blockchain technology to protect and recognise IPR for professionals in these fields.
SLC30A9: an evolutionarily conserved mitochondrial zinc transporter essential for mammalian early embryonic development
Authors: Ge Jing , Li Huihui , Liang Xin , Zhou Bing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSLC30A9 (ZnT9) is a mitochondria-resident zinc transporter. Mutations in SLC30A9 have been reported in human patients with a novel cerebro-renal syndrome. Here, we show that ZnT9 is an evolutionarily highly conserved protein, with many regions extremely preserved among evolutionarily distant organisms. In Drosophila melanogaster (the fly), ZnT9 (ZnT49B) knockdown results in acutely impaired movement and drastic mitochondrial deformation. Severe Drosophila ZnT9 (dZnT9) reduction and ZnT9-null mutant flies are pupal lethal. The phenotype of dZnT9 knockdown can be partially rescued by mouse ZnT9 expression or zinc chelator TPEN, indicating the defect of dZnT9 loss is indeed a result of zinc dyshomeostasis. Interestingly, in the mouse, germline loss of Znt9 produces even more extreme phenotypes: the mutant embryos exhibit midgestational lethality with severe development abnormalities. Targeted mutagenesis of Znt9 in the mouse brain leads to serious dwarfism and physical incapacitation, followed by death shortly. Strikingly, the GH/IGF-1 signals are almost non-existent in these tissue-specific knockout mice, consistent with the medical finding in some human patients with severe mitochondrial deficiecny. ZnT9 mutations cause mitochondrial zinc dyshomeostasis, and we demonstrate mechanistically that mitochondrial zinc elevation quickly and potently inhibits the activities of respiration complexes. These results reveal the critical role of ZnT9 and mitochondrial zinc homeostasis in mammalian development. Based on our functional analyses, we finally discussed the possible nature of the so far identified human SLC30A9 mutations.
PI3K couples long-term synaptic potentiation with cofilin recruitment and actin polymerization in dendritic spines via its regulatory subunit p85α
Authors: López-García Sergio , López-Merino Esperanza , Fernández-Rodrigo Alba , Zamorano-González Pablo , Gutiérrez-Eisman Silvia , Jiménez-Sánchez Raquel , Esteban José A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLong-term synaptic plasticity is typically associated with morphological changes in synaptic connections. However, the molecular mechanisms coupling functional and structural aspects of synaptic plasticity are still poorly defined. The catalytic activity of type I phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) is required for specific forms of synaptic plasticity, such as NMDA receptor-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) and mGluR-dependent long-term depression (LTD). On the other hand, PI3K signaling has been linked to neuronal growth and synapse formation. Consequently, PI3Ks are promising candidates to coordinate changes in synaptic strength with structural remodeling of synapses. To investigate this issue, we targeted individual regulatory subunits of type I PI3Ks in hippocampal neurons and employed a combination of electrophysiological, biochemical and imaging techniques to assess their role in synaptic plasticity. We found that a particular regulatory isoform, p85α, is selectively required for LTP. This specificity is based on its BH domain, which engages the small GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42, critical regulators of the actin cytoskeleton. Moreover, cofilin, a key regulator of actin dynamics that accumulates in dendritic spines after LTP induction, failed to do so in the absence of p85α or when its BH domain was overexpressed as a dominant negative construct. Finally, in agreement with this convergence on actin regulatory mechanisms, the presence of p85α in the PI3K complex determined the extent of actin polymerization in dendritic spines during LTP. Therefore, this study reveals a molecular mechanism linking structural and functional synaptic plasticity through the coordinate action of PI3K catalytic activity and a specific isoform of the regulatory subunits.
An invitation to resolvent analysis
Authors: Rolandi Laura Victoria , Ribeiro Jean Hélder Marques , Yeh Chi-An , Taira Kunihiko 
Published: August 2024

AbstractResolvent analysis is a powerful tool that can reveal the linear amplification mechanisms between the forcing inputs and the response outputs about a base flow. These mechanisms can be revealed in terms of a pair of forcing and response modes and the associated energy gains (amplification magnitude) at a given frequency. The linear relationship that ties the forcing and the response is represented through the resolvent operator (transfer function), which is constructed through spatially discretizing the linearized Navier–Stokes operator. One of the unique strengths of resolvent analysis is its ability to analyze statistically stationary turbulent flows. In light of the increasing interest in using resolvent analysis to study a variety of flows, we offer this guide in hopes of removing the hurdle for students and researchers to initiate the development of a resolvent analysis code and its applications to their problems of interest. To achieve this goal, we discuss various aspects of resolvent analysis and its role in identifying dominant flow structures about the base flow. The discussion in this paper revolves around the compressible Navier–Stokes equations in the most general manner. We cover essential considerations ranging from selecting the base flow and appropriate energy norms to the intricacies of constructing the linear operator and performing eigenvalue and singular value decompositions. Throughout the paper, we offer details and know-how that may not be available to readers in a collective manner elsewhere. Towards the end of this paper, examples are offered to demonstrate the practical applicability of resolvent analysis, aiming to guide readers through its implementation and inspire further extensions. We invite readers to consider resolvent analysis as a companion for their research endeavors.
Price dispersion in dynamic competition
Authors: Guthmann Rafael R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn product markets, substantial price dispersion exists for transactions of physically identical goods. Moreover, in these markets, incumbent firms sell at higher prices than entrants. This paper presents a theory of price formation under dynamic competition that explains these facts by assuming both that consumers have imperfect access to firms and that their degree of access depends on each firm’s sales history. The model has a unique equilibrium that features randomized pricing strategies, with incumbents always posting higher prices than entrants. For a fixed underlying environment, the equilibrium converges to a stationary equilibrium over time. As firms’ entry and exit rates approach zero, this stationary equilibrium converges to perfect competition.
How contaminated is flatfish living near World Wars’ munition dumping sites with energetic compounds?
Authors: Maser Edmund , Buenning Tobias H. , Strehse Jennifer S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSeas worldwide are threatened by an emerging source of pollution as millions of tons of warfare materials were dumped after the World Wars. As their metal shells are progressively corroding, energetic compounds (EC) leak out and distribute in the marine environment. EC are taken up by aquatic organisms and pose a threat to both the marine ecosphere and the human seafood consumer because of their toxicity and potential carcinogenicity. Here, sediment samples and fish from different locations in the German North Sea of Lower Saxony were examined to determine whether EC transfer to fish living close to munition dumping areas. EC were found in sediments with a maximum concentration of 1.5 ng/kg. All analyzed fish muscle tissues/fillets and bile samples were positive for EC detection. In bile, the max. EC concentrations ranged between 0.25 and 1.25 ng/mL. Interestingly, while detected TNT metabolites in the muscle tissues were in concentrations of max. 1 ng/g (dry weight), TNT itself was found in concentrations of up to 4 ng/g (dry weight). As we found considerable higher amounts of non-metabolized TNT in the fish muscle, rather than TNT metabolites, we conclude an additional absorption route of EC into fish other than per diet. This is the first study to detect EC in the edible parts of fish caught randomly in the North Sea.
Empagliflozin-activated AMPK elicits neuroprotective properties in reserpine-induced depression via regulating dynamics of hippocampal autophagy/inflammation and PKCζ-mediated neurogenesis
Authors: Muhammad Radwa N. , Albahairy Mohammed A. , Abd El Fattah Mai A. , Ibrahim Weam W. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Rationale
Major depression has been an area of extensive research during the last decades, for it represents a leading cause of disability and suicide. The stark rise of depression rates influenced by life stressors, economic threats, pandemic era, and resistance to classical treatments, has made the disorder rather challenging. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis and plasticity are particularly sensitive to the dynamic interplay between autophagy and inflammation. In fact, the intricate balance between the two processes contributes to neuronal homeostasis and survival.

Objectives
Having demonstrated promising potentials in AMPK activation, a major metabolic sensor and autophagy regulator, empagliflozin (Empa) was investigated for possible antidepressant properties in the reserpine rat model of depression.

Results
While the reserpine protocol elicited behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes relevant to depression, Empa outstandingly hindered these pathological perturbations. Importantly, hippocampal autophagic response markedly declined with reserpine which disrupted the AMPK/mTOR/Beclin1/LC3B machinery and, conversely, neuro-inflammation prevailed under the influence of the NLRP3 inflammasome together with oxidative/nitrative stress. Consequently, AMPK-mediated neurotrophins secretion obviously deteriorated through PKCζ/NF-κB/BDNF/CREB signal restriction. Empa restored hippocampal monoamines and autophagy/inflammation balance, driven by AMPK activation. By promoting the atypical PKCζ phosphorylation (Thr403) which subsequently phosphorylates NF-κB at Ser311, AMPK successfully reinforced BDNF/CREB signal and hippocampal neuroplasticity. The latter finding was supported by hippocampal CA3 toluidine blue staining to reveal intact neurons.

Conclusion
The current study highlights an interesting role for Empa as a regulator of autophagic and inflammatory responses in the pathology of depression. The study also pinpoints an unusual contribution for NF-κB in neurotrophins secretion via AMPK/PKCζ/NF-κB/BDNF/CREB signal transduction. Accordingly, Empa can have special benefits in diabetic patients with depressive symptoms.

Limitations
The influence of p-NF-κB (Ser311) on NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and activation has not been investigated, which can represent an interesting point for further research.

Graphical abstract
Development, validation and application of an LC–MS/MS method quantifying free forms of the micronutrients queuine and queuosine in human plasma using a surrogate matrix approach
Authors: Pan Xiaobei , Chandrasekaran Swathine , Woodside Jayne V. , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. , Scherer Martin , Wagner Michael , Ramirez Alfredo , Green Brian D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractQueuosine (Q) is a hypermodified 7-deaza-guanosine nucleoside exclusively synthesized by bacteria. This micronutrient and its respective nucleobase form queuine (q) are salvaged by humans either from gut microflora or digested food. Depletion of Q-tRNA in human or mouse cells causes protein misfolding that triggers endoplasmic reticular stress and the activation of the unfolded protein responses. In vivo, this reduces the neuronal architecture of the mouse brain affecting learning and memory. Herein, a sensitive method for quantifying free q and Q in human blood was developed, optimised and validated. After evaluating q/Q extraction efficiency in several different solid-phase sorbents, Bond Elut PBA (phenylboronic acid) cartridges were found to have the highest extraction recovery for q (82%) and Q (71%) from pooled human plasma. PBS with 4% BSA was used as surrogate matrix for method development and validation. An LC–MS/MS method was validated across the concentration range of 0.0003–1 µM for both q and Q, showing excellent linearity (r2 = 0.997 (q) and r2 = 0.998 (Q)), limit of quantification (0.0003 µM), accuracy (100.39–125.71%) and precision (CV% < 15.68%). In a sampling of healthy volunteers (n = 44), there was no significant difference in q levels between male (n = 14; mean = 0.0068 µM) and female (n = 30; mean = 0.0080 µM) participants (p = 0.50). Q was not detected in human plasma. This validated method can now be used to further substantiate the role of q/Q in nutrition, physiology and pathology.
Graphical Abstract
Serious gaming as potential training tool for recognition of adverse drug reactions: side-effect exposure—medical education (SeeMe)
Authors: Bergs Ingmar , Bell Laura , Fedrowitz Sebastian , Krüger Tim , Lemos Martin , Stingl Julia C. , Just Katja S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The recognition of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is an important part of daily clinical work. However, medical education in this field is mostly drug-based and does not address adequately the complexity of this field regarding individual risk factors and polypharmacy. This study investigates the potential of the web-based serious game SeeMe (side-effect exposure—medical education) in pharmacological education of medical students to improve the recognition of relevant ADRs.

Methods
One hundred fifty-seven medical students were recruited to evaluate the serious game SeeMe. SeeMe was developed to improve knowledge and recognition of ADRs in clinical practice. Players take on the role of a physician trying to understand fictional patients with ADRs. Before and after an 8-week playing period, an evaluation was carried out through a pre- and post-questionnaire and a pre- and post- knowledge test.

Results
The students achieved significantly better results in the knowledge test, as almost twice as many exam-relevant questions were answered correctly (p < 0.001). The serious game had a positive effect on the students’ perception of the importance of ADRs.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates the potential of web- and case-based fictional serious games in medical education. The improved recognition of side effects represents a crucial step for education and training in clinical pharmacology. Future versions of the serious game may take this further and focus on training in the treatment of ADRs and their relevance in various healthcare professions.
In situ predator exposure creates some persistent anti-predator behaviours: insights from a common environment experiment
Authors: Moseby Katherine E. , Blumstein Daniel T. , Letnic Mike , Trenwith Baillie , Van der Weyde Leanne K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPrey naiveté has been implicated in the global decline and reintroduction failure of many threatened species. A number of tools have been developed to combat prey naiveté including in situ predator exposure using live predators. However, determining the effectiveness and persistence of these interventions can be difficult, and requires comparisons of individual responses from predator-naïve and predator-trained populations. Even when this occurs, interpreting behavioural responses can be challenging because of the constraints of experimental design in large scale population manipulations. We used a common environment experiment and placed burrowing bettongs (Bettongia lesueur) from predator-free and predator-exposed populations together in an 8 ha fenced paddock. The predator-exposed population had been previously exposed to feral cats (Felis catus) under controlled wild conditions for up to six years and initial work suggested this exposure had led to physical and behavioural changes. Within our common environment experiment we compared a range of anti-predator behaviours including trap and feeding behaviour and response to predator scent and models. We found evidence for persistent trait changes up to 7 months, the latest time behaviours were tested, after bettongs were moved to the predator-free common environment and isolated from predators. These behaviours include reduced alarm rates, preference for open areas, and responses to predator scent and model stimuli. Additionally, high risk predator cues were more likely to elicit anti-predator responses than passive measures of anti-predator behaviour. Our design shows that predator exposure leads to persistent shifts in some, but not all, anti-predator behaviours. Identifying the proximate basis of anti-predator traits is important to develop successful tools to combat prey naiveté.
An Enhanced Method for Studying Wheat Stomata Physiology
Authors: Guo Ce , Tao Rongrong , Zhu Min , Zhou Meixue , Zhao Chenchen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHigh sensitivity and rapid closure of wheat stomata to environmental stimuli make it difficult and inconvenient when investigating stomatal physiology and morphology using epidermal peels. This is due to inevitable mechanical stress to stomatal guard cells when separating epidermis from mesophyll cells, which induced a vast majority of stomatal closure in wheat. Stomata are more open and active in detached leaves than in epidermal peels. Based on these observations, we proposed a simple method, which promotes stomatal opening using detached leaves rather than epidermis for physiological observations. Stomatal response to stimuli was significantly increased when using intact leaf segment. The method was used to investigate stomatal behaviours of two wheat genotypes with contrasting salt tolerance to salinity stress. The effects of salt stress and exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) treatment on stomatal behaviours were also assessed. The salt-tolerant genotype, H-135, demonstrated a greater stomatal closure rate than the salt-sensitive genotype, H-093, in response to exogenous ABA under salt stress, highlighting the potential of stomatal responsiveness as an indicator for breeding salt-resistant crops. This method not only facilitates the effective initiation of stomatal opening but also ensures the continued responsiveness of stomata to subsequent treatments in wheat.
Steady-state versus burst lasing techniques for thulium fiber laser
Authors: Sierra Alba , Solano Catalina , Corrales Mariela , Ventimiglia Eugenio , Panthier Frederic , Kwok Jia-Lun , Chicaud Marie , Keller Etienne Xavier , Traxer Olivier 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the stone ablation rate and direct thermal damage from thulium fiber laser (TFL) lithotripsy using continuous (C) and burst (B) lasing techniques on an in vitro ureteral model.

Methods
The TFL Drive (Coloplast, Humlebaek, Denmark) was used in an in vitro saline-submerged ureteral model. Ten participants, including five junior and five experienced urologists, conducted the experimental setup with 7 different settings comparing two lasing techniques: steady-state lasing (0.5 J/10 Hz = 5W for 300 s and 0.5 J/20 Hz = 10W for 150 s) and burst, intermittent 5 s on/off lasing (0.5 J/20 Hz, 0.5 J/30 Hz, 0.5 J/60 Hz, 0.1 J/200 Hz, and 0.05 J/400 Hz) with a target cumulative energy of 1500 J using cubic 125 mm3 phantom BegoStonesTM. Ureteral damage was graded 1–3 based on the severity of burns and holes observed on the surface of the ureteral model.

Results
The were no significant differences in stone ablation mass neither between C and B lasing techniques, nor between expertise levels. At C lasing technique had only mild ureteral lesions with no significant differences between expertise levels (p: 0.97) or laser settings (p: 0.71). At B lasing technique, different types of thermal lesions were found with no expertise (p: 0.11) or setting (p: 0.83) differences. However, B laser setting had higher grade direct thermal lesions than C (p: 0.048).

Conclusion
Regarding efficacy, C and B lasing techniques achieve comparable stone ablation rates. Safety-wise, B lasing mode showed higher grade of direct thermal lesions. These results should be further investigated to verify which of the lasing mode is the safest in vivo. Until then and unless proven otherwise, a C mode with low frequency should be recommended to avoid ureteral wall lesions.
Effect of emergent nephrostomy on long-term total and split renal function in patients with upper urinary tract obstruction due to pelvic malignant tumors
Authors: Nishimura Katsuhiro , Takenouchi Ayako , Komatsu Shugo , Kawaguchi Yunosuke , Kudo Wataru , Takiguchi Shota , Hishiki Tomoro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the impact of nephrostomies on the outcome of total renal function (TRF) and split renal function (SRF) in patients with malignant pelvic tumors associated with upper urinary tract obstruction (UUTO).

Methods
Patients with pelvic tumors suffering severe unilateral hydronephrosis treated at our hospital from 2000 to 2022 were included. Data for nephrostomy placement, short- and long-term renal function, and radiological and nuclear imaging studies were collected. The TRF and SRF of patients who underwent nephrostomy were compared to those who did not.

Results
Seven patients were included (rhabdomyosarcoma: 5, ovarian germ cell tumor: 1, malignant rhabdoid tumor: 1). Nephrostomies were placed in four, which were successfully managed without severe infections. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was significantly improved at the end of treatment in patients with nephrostomy. In contrast, eGFR in patients who did not undergo nephrostomy was not improved. Nuclear imaging studies (renograms or renal scintigrams) revealed impaired SRF of the affected kidney compared to the contralateral kidney, even in patients whose eGFR was within normal levels. Notably, SRF showed a trend to improve over time in one patient treated with nephrostomy.

Conclusion
Nephrostomy for UUTO caused by pelvic tumors may improve renal outcome.