bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CARACTERIZAÇÃO FLORÍSTICA E ESTRUTURAL DE UMA FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA DENSA ALTOMONTANA DO MORRO DO ANHANGAVA, QUATRO BARRAS – PR
Authors: Portes Maria Carolina Guarinelo de Oliveira , Galvão Franklin , Koehler Alexandre 
Published: August 2014

Com o propósito de caracterizar a vegetação arbórea do alto das montanhas, realizou-se um levantamento florístico e fitossociológico de uma Floresta Ombrófila Densa Altomontana situada na face sudoeste do morro do Anhangava (25º23’S e 49º00’W), município de Quatro Barras – PR, entre as altitudes de 1.250 a 1.350 m s.n.m.. A amostragem foi feita utilizando-se dois transectos, constituídos de 10 parcelas de 5x10 m cada, totalizando 1.000 m2 de área amostral, onde mediu-se e identificou-se todos os indivíduos com perímetro à altura do peito igual ou superior a 10 cm. A floresta estudada apresentou baixa diversidade de espécies, H´=2,279 nats/ind., alta densidade, 4.830 ind./ha, baixo porte, com altura média de 4,6 m, fustes finos e tortuosos, com diâmetro médio de 9 cm, compondo apenas um estrato arbóreo, com 8 m de altura, no máximo. Encontrou-se no total 24 espécies arbóreas, onde pelo menos 3 delas são endêmicas, e 13 famílias. Com 7 espécies, Myrtaceae foi a família mais representativa, seguida por Lauraceae, no entanto, foi uma Aquifoliaceae, Ilex microdonta Reisssek, quem destacou-se, com 26% da densidade e 46% da dominância.
A FLORESTA AMAZÔNICA E A ÁGUA DA CHUVA
Authors: Higuchi Niro , Santos Joaquim dos , Lima Adriano José Nogueira , Higuchi Francisco Gasparetto , Chambers Jeffrey Quintin 
Published: August 2014

O artigo “A floresta amazônica e a água da chuva” apresenta que a precipitação média anual é a principal variável meteorológica para o setor florestal da Amazônia. A temperatura média anual varia pouco dentro da Amazônia Legal - apenas 8%. A precipitação média anual apresenta uma variação maior, quase 100%. O crescimento e incremento das árvores amazônicas apresentam correlações significativas com a precipitação. A precipitação interanual apresenta sinais mais fortes que a intra-anual, para explicar essas correlações. Apenas o crescimento e incremento não são suficientes para determinar se a floresta está sequestrando ou emitindo carbono. As taxas de mortalidade e recrutamento desempenham papel importante para estimar esse balanço. Elas apresentam relações intrínsecas com a precipitação. A falta ou excesso de chuvas influencia, principalmente, nas taxas de mortalidade. Na escala regional, a falta de chuvas tem contribuído com o aumento da mortalidade das árvores amazônicas; na escala de comunidades, é o excesso de chuvas que mais contribui para o aumento da mortalidade. São apresentados os resultados das ocorrências de dois fenômenos meteorológicos no mesmo ano, que atingiu a região amazônica. Numa escala de comunidade utilizando três parcelas permanentes (1 ha), os resultados são analisados para dimensionar os efeitos dos dois fenômenos na floresta.Palavras-chave: Taxa de mortalidade; seca; downburst; dinâmica. AbstractThe Amazon Forest and the rain. The article "The Amazon Forest and the rain" shows that the average annual rainfall is the main weather variable for the forestry sector in the Amazon. The average annual temperature has little variation in the Amazon; only 8%. The average annual rainfall has a greater variation, almost 100%. The growth and increment of Amazonian trees show significant correlations with precipitation. The interannual precipitation presents stronger signals than the intra-annual one to explain these correlations. Only the growth and increment of trees are not enought to determine whether the forest is sequestering or emitting carbon. Mortality and recruitment rates play an important role to estimate this balance. These rates have intrinsic relationships with rainfall. The lack or excess of rain influence, mainly, mortality rates. On a regional scale, the lack of rain has contributed to the increased mortality of tropical rainforest trees; in the range of communities is the heavy rainfall that contributes to increased mortality. This article presents the results of two occurrences of weather phenomena in the same year, which reached the Amazon region. In community scale, using three permanent plots (1 ha), results are analyzed to gauge the effects of both phenomena in the forest.Keywords: Mortality rate; drought; downburst; dynamics.
FLORÍSTICA, VOLUME E BIOMASSA LENHOSA DE UM FRAGMENTO DE MATA ATLÂNTICA NO MUNICÍPIO DE SANTA MARIA DE JETIBÁ, ESPÍRITO SANTO
Authors: Imaña-Encinas José , Paula José Elias de , Conceição Cláudio De Almeida 
Published: August 2014

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a florística, volume e biomassa em duas áreas de Mata Atlântica. Essas áreas estão localizadas na Reserva Biológica Sítio Palmares, no município de Santa Maria de Jetibá, Espírito Santo. Foram avaliadas 6 (seis) parcelas de áreas preservadas (mata primária) e 6 (seis) parcelas em uma área de regeneração natural com 33 anos de idade (mata secundária). Foram medidas todas as árvores com diâmetro a 1,30 m do solo (DAP) igual ou superior a 5 cm. Na área de mata primária foram encontradas 341 árvores distribuídas em 70 espécies e 32 famílias, que apresentaram DAP médio aritmético de 14,82 cm e área basal igual a 43,60 m2.ha-1, contabilizando 518 m3.ha-1 de fustes e galhos e 397.674 kg.ha-1 de biomassa lenhosa. A área de mata secundária apresentou 195 árvores classificadas em 17 espécies e 14 famílias, com DAP médio de 12,4 cm. Ainda, foram apresentados 12,5 m2.ha-1 de área basal, 93 m3.ha-1 de volume de madeira e 54.631 kg.ha-1 de biomassa lenhosa.
COMPOSIÇÃO DO BANCO DE SEMENTES NO SOLO EM ÁREAS DE PRESERVAÇÃO PERMANENTE SOB DIFERENTES TIPOS DE COBERTURA
Authors: Schorn Lauri Amandio , Fenilli Tatiele Anete Bergamo , Krieger Andres , Pellens Gabriel Corso , Budag Juliana Jaqueline , Nadolny Marmonn Canestraro 
Published: August 2014

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a composição e similaridade do banco de sementes no solo em três áreas com diferentes históricos de cobertura do solo: I - floresta nativa remanescente; II - extração recente de Pinus; III - reflorestamento de Pinus. Foram coletadas 10 amostras de solo aleatoriamente, para cada uma das três áreas. As amostras de solo foram colocadas em bandejas de 60 x 40 x 10 cm e dispostas em canteiros a céu aberto no laboratório de silvicultura da FURB, em Blumenau, SC, para análise da germinação, entre junho de 2008 e maio de 2009. As plântulas germinadas foram classificadas em grupos: arbóreas, arbustivas, cipós, herbáceas, gramíneas, pteridófitas e arbóreas exóticas. Foram identificados 2223 indivíduos, pertencentes a 37 espécies e 22 famílias. As espécies com maior quantidade de sementes germinadas nos três ambientes foram Eupatorium compressum e Braquiaria subquadripara. A densidade de indivíduos/m2 foi de 2.846 (ambiente I), 4.292 (ambiente II) e 2.125 (ambiente III). O número de espécies, diversidade e equabilidade foram decrescentes do ambiente I para o ambiente III. Concluiu-se que o tipo de uso e cobertura da área tem relação com a densidade dos grupos de plantas presentes no banco de sementes no solo.Palavras-chave: Regeneração; Floresta Ombrófila Mista; recuperação de área.AbstractComposition of soil seed bank in areas of permanent preservation under different types of coverage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the composition of soil seed bank in three types of use of permanent preservation area: I - remaining native Forest; II - recent extraction of Pinus; III - reforestation of Pinus. 10 soil samples were collected in randomly points distributed in each one of the three areas. The soil samples were individually placed in plastic trays with 60 x 40 x 10cm and arranged in open plots in the Silviculture Laboratory of FURB in Blumenau - SC, for analysis of germination, from June 2008 to May 2009. The seedlings were classified into groups: trees, shrubs, vines, herbs, grasses, ferns and pine. 2223 individuals were identified; they belonged to 37 species and 22 families. The species with the largest number of germinated seeds within the three environments were Eupatorium compressum and Braquiaria subquadripara. The density was 2846 indivíduals.m2 (environment I), 4292 (environment II) and 2125 (environment III). The number of species and diversity values decreased from environment with native remaining forest to the environment area with Pinus. Results point to the fact that the type of use and coverage of the area is related to density of plant groups present in the soil seed bank. Keywords: Regeneration; Mixed Forest; reclamation area.
COMPARAÇÃO DA EFICÁCIA DE TÉCNICAS DE NUCLEAÇÃO PARA RESTAURAÇÃO DE ÁREA DEGRADADA NO SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Marcuzzo Suzane Bevilacqua , Ganade Gislene , Araújo Maristela Machado , Muniz Marlove Fátima Brião 
Published: August 2014

O desenvolvimento de grandes centros urbanos em áreas naturais resultou na supressão e degradação de florestas. A fim de obter ferramentas para implantação de programas de restauração nessas áreas, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de diferentes técnicas nucleadoras sobre os fatores bióticos e abióticos que limitam a regeneração natural, em uma área degradada em remanescente de floresta, no perímetro rural-urbano de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos inteiramente casualizados, em esquema fatorial, composto pelos seguintes tratamentos: Controle (C), Transposição de Solo (TS), Resíduos da Arborização Urbana Triturados (RT), Transposição de Solo misturado aos Resíduos da Arborização Urbana Triturado (TS+RT) e Poleiros Artificiais. Durante 12 meses, foi avaliada a abundância e riqueza de plântulas estabelecidas, e por sete meses, a chuva de sementes em coletores. Os resultados indicam que a transposição de solo foi o método mais eficiente para restauração da área degradada em estudo. Adicionalmente, a utilização de poleiros artificiais se mostrou eficiente, indicando tendência de aumento da riqueza florística e de sementes dispersas. No entanto, a vegetação exótica da área urbana apresentou forte influência na composição florística, cuja sucessão terá trajetória diferente da vegetação original.Palavras-chave: Nucleação; poleiros artificiais; arborização urbana; transposição de solo.AbstractComparison of nucleation techniques effectiveness for degraded area restoring in Southern Brazil. The development of large urban centers in natural areas resulted in abolition and degradation of forests. In order to obtain tools for restoring programs development in such areas, this study aimed to evaluate efficiency of different nucleus techniques in relation to biotic and abiotic factors which limit natural regeneration in a depressed area of remnant forest in rural-urban perimeter of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks, in factorial disposition, composed of the following treatments: Control (C), Transposition of Soil (TS), crushed waste of urban afforestation (RT), Transposition of soil mixed to crushed waste of urban afforestation (TS+RT), and artificial perches. During 12 months, abundance and richness of seedlings laid down were evaluated and for seven months the seed rain in sinks. Results point that the soil transposition was the most efficient method for restoration of the degraded area. Additionally, artificial perches using proved to be efficient, pointing to wealth increase trend and floristic wealth of dispersed seeds. However, the exotic vegetation of the urban area has strong influences on floristic composition, whose succession will have different trajectory of original vegetation.Keywords: Artificial perches; nucleation; urban afforestation; soil transposition.
L’« horloge biologique » des femmes : un modèle naturaliste en question. Les normes et pratiques françaises face à la croissance de l’infertilité liée à l’âge
Authors: Vialle Manon 
Published: August 2014

La croissance de l’infertilité liée à l’âge dans les sociétés industrielles avancées suscite un accroissement de demandes en matière d’assistance médicale à la procréation (AMP) et amène ainsi chaque société à s’interroger sur ses normes et pratiques. En France, cette question est un révélateur de la spécificité du modèle bioéthique qui encadre les techniques d’AMP ainsi que de ses tensions et contradictions croissantes. La particularité de ce modèle est de se présenter comme strictement « thérapeutique » et de reposer sur la notion d’« infertilité pathologique ». Or c’est justement la simplicité apparente de cette distinction entre pathologie et convenance que met en question l’infertilité liée à l’âge : elle ouvre vers une approche plus complexe de l’infertilité comme phénomène liant à la fois le somatique et le social. À partir d’une enquête auprès de professionnels qui font face à l’infertilité, nous montrerons la prégnance de ce modèle thérapeutique dans leur pratique. Mais nous verrons également que le contexte sociodémographique contemporain amène à une évolution de la notion même d’infertilité et interroge ce modèle de référence. De plus, l’apparition de nouvelles techniques telles que la congélation ovocytaire renforce la mise en question du modèle bioéthique et amène à penser autrement l’opposition pathologie/convenance sur laquelle il est construit. La question est de savoir si ce modèle saura évoluer vers une vision plus complexe et moins idéologique de l’infertilité, ce qui s’avère être un enjeu important pour la société française dans les années à venir et qui va bien au-delà de l’accès aux techniques favorisant ce dépassement.
Repenser l’alliance matrimoniale avec l’assistance médicale à la procréation en situation migratoire
Authors: Duchesne Véronique 
Published: August 2014

Cet article examine le lien entre « faire un enfant » et « faire une famille » à partir d’une enquête ethnographique menée auprès de migrantes et de migrants nés en Afrique subsaharienne ayant recours à l’assistance médicale à la procréation (AMP) en Île-de-France. Quels que soient leur nationalité, leur niveau de scolarité, leur secteur d’emploi, leur classe socioéconomique, les circonstances et les raisons de leur migration, toutes et tous ont fait un lien entre leur quête d’un enfant et le fait d’être mariés ou d’avoir le projet de se marier. En situation migratoire, faire un enfant n’est pas seulement l’affaire d’un homme et d’une femme, les ascendants et les collatéraux de chacun des membres du couple infertile interviennent de façon différente. Cet article propose finalement de réinterroger l’alliance matrimoniale, d’un point de vue théorique, à partir de l’analyse des prestations matrimoniales dans le contexte de l’AMP.
Foley Catheter vs Prostaglandin as Ripening Agent in Pregnant Women With Premature Rupture of Membranes
Authors: Mackeen A. Dhanya , Walker LaToya , Ruhstaller Kelly , Schuster Meike , Sciscione Anthony 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

Context: Although studies support the efficacy of the Foley catheter (FC) as a cervical ripening agent in pregnant women at term with intact membranes, its efficacy has not been well studied in women with premature rupture of membranes (PROM).

Objective: To compare the interval to delivery in women with PROM who underwent induction of labor and cervical ripening with mechanical (FC) vs nonmechanical (prostaglandin [PG]) cervical ripening agents.

Design: Retrospective medical record review at 2 hospitals of pregnant women who delivered between January 2009 and April 2011.

Setting: Thomas Jefferson University Hospital in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Christiana Care Health System in Newark, Delaware.

Patients: Pregnant women with singleton gestations 36 weeks or greater who presented with PROM.

Interventions: Cervical ripening with FC or PG.

Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome was time from induction until delivery. Secondary outcomes included epidural use, maximum temperature during labor, number of vaginal examinations, occurrence of tachysystole, oxytocin dose, delivery mode, chorioamnionitis, and neonatal Apgar score.

Results: Of 155 medical records of patients who met the inclusion criteria, 33 women underwent cervical ripening with PG (ie, misoprostol) and 122 with FC. The interval to delivery was almost halved in women who underwent cervical ripening with FC compared with misoprostol (736 vs 1354 minutes; P<.01). Compared with the women in the misoprostol group, those in the FC group received a statistically significant higher dose of oxytocin (P<.01). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups with respect to the remaining secondary outcomes. Of note, all of the women who received FC were from Christiana Care Health System, and all women who received misoprostol were from Thomas Jefferson University Hospital.

Conclusion: Foley catheters may help shorten the interval to delivery in women who are candidates for cervical ripening after PROM at or near term. There does not appear to be an increased risk for cesarean delivery or chorioamnionitis in those treated with FC.
Impact of the MJO on the boreal winter extratropical circulation
Authors: Garfinkel Chaim I. , Benedict James J. , Maloney Eric D. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe effect of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) on the Northern Hemisphere wintertime stratospheric polar vortex is evaluated using a meteorological reanalysis data set and a modern atmospheric general circulation model. The MJO influences the tropospheric North Pacific; and in particular, it modulates the heat flux that is in phase with the climatological planetary waves in both the troposphere and stratosphere. The phase of the MJO in which convection is propagating into the tropical central Pacific leads to a weakened vortex, while suppressed MJO convection in this region is associated with a stronger vortex. Subsequently, the MJO modulates the phase of the tropospheric North Atlantic Oscillation (also known as the Arctic Oscillation or the Northern Annular Mode). While the responses in the model and in the reanalysis data differ in some respects, they both indicate that the MJO can remotely impact the extratropical tropospheric circulation via the stratosphere.
Evidence of viscoelastic deformation following the 2011 Tohoku‐Oki earthquake revealed from seafloor geodetic observation
Authors: Watanabe Shun‐ichi , Sato Mariko , Fujita Masayuki , Ishikawa Tadashi , Yokota Yusuke , Ujihara Naoto , Asada Akira 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe GPS/acoustic seafloor positioning has detected significant postseismic movements after the 2011 Tohoku‐Oki earthquake (M9.0), just above the source region off the Pacific coast of eastern Japan. In contrast to the coastal Global Navigation Satellite Systems sites where trenchward‐upward movements were reported, the offshore sites above the main rupture zone in the northern part of the source region exhibit landward displacements of tens of centimeters with significant subsidence from almost 3 years of repeated observations. At the sites above around the edge of the main rupture zone, smaller amount of trench‐normal movements was found. Although the terrestrial movements were reasonably interpreted by afterslip beneath the coastal area, these offshore results are rather consistent with effects predicted from viscoelastic relaxation in the upper mantle, providing definitive evidence of its occurrence. On the other hand, the results in the southern part of the source region imply superposition of effects from viscoelastic relaxation and afterslip.
Fluid seepage velocities through marine sediments constrained by a global compilation of interstitial water SO42−, Mg2+, and Ca2+ profiles
Authors: Anderson B. W. , Coogan L. A. , Gillis K. M. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe depth dependence of the SO42−, Mg2+, and Ca2+ contents of interstitial waters extracted from sediments in 140 Deep Sea Drilling Project/Ocean Drilling Program/Integrated Ocean Drilling Program drill holes on oceanic crust has been fit using a model of transport (advection and diffusion) and reaction. These drill holes come from a range of crustal ages, sediment types, sediment thicknesses, and sediment accumulation rates. The best fitting specific discharge through the sediment at these locations is estimated to be generally <500 m Myr−1 (0.05 cm yr−1), where sediments are thicker than 100 m, although an order of magnitude faster seepage is estimated for some locations with sediment tens of meters thick. Assuming that the drill holes are globally representative, then seepage of fluids through marine sediments at specific discharges of a few hundred m Myr−1 is estimated to be only a few percent of the total ridge flank hydrothermal fluid flux. This is consistent with the previous suggestion that hydrothermal fluid exchange between the ocean and the crustal aquifer primarily occurs through basement outcrops. Chemical fluxes of SO42−, Mg2+, and Ca2+ across the sediment‐water interface globally (excluding continental margins) are estimated to be less than 10% of the riverine input to the ocean.
Strain‐induced outgassing of three‐phase magmas during simple shear
Authors: Shields J. K. , Mader H. M. , Pistone M. , Caricchi L. , Floess D. , Putlitz B. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA major factor determining the explosivity of silicic eruptions is the removal of volatiles from magma through permeability‐controlled outgassing. We studied the microstructural development of permeability during deformation of highly viscous magma by performing simple shear experiments on bubble (0.12–0.36 volume fraction) and crystal‐bearing (0–0.42 volume fraction) silicate melts. Experiments were performed under torsion, at high temperature and pressure (723–873 K and 150–200 MPa) in a Paterson deformation apparatus at bulk shear strains between 0 and 10. The experimental setup allows for gas escape if bubble connectivity is reached on the sample periphery. Three‐dimensional imaging and analysis of deformed bubbles was performed using X‐ray tomography. The development of localized deformation in all samples, enhanced by crystal content, leads to brittle fracture at bulk strains > 2 and sample‐wide fracturing in samples deformed to strains >5. A decrease in both bubble fraction and dissolved volatile content with increasing strain, along with strain‐hardening rheological behavior, suggests significant shear‐induced outgassing through the fracture networks, applicable to shallow conduit degassing in magmas containing crystal fractions of 0–0.42. This study contributes to our understanding of highly viscous magma outgassing and processes governing the effusive‐explosive transition.