bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PEMETAAN KABUPATEN/KOTA DI PROVINSI PAPUA DAN PAPUA BARAT BERDASARKAN INDIKATOR TERJADINYA BALITA STUNTING
Authors: Sri Mumpuni Retnaningsih  , Nur Hidayatul Nihla  , Mike Prastuti  
Published: August 2024

Stunting adalah gangguan perkembangan fisik dan pola pikir anak karena kurangnya asupan gizi selama kehamilan sampai anak usia dua tahun, yang disebabkan oleh banyak indikator, dan berdampak serius pada perkembangan fisik, mental, emosional anak-anak serta prestasi belajar anak usia sekolah. Angka balita stunting di Provinsi Papua pada tahun 2021 masih tergolong tinggi, yaitu sebesar 29,5%, sedangkan di Papua Barat sebesar 26,2%, bahkan jika dibanding tahun 2019 mengalami kenaikan sebesar 0,1% dan 1,6%. Penyebab balita stunting diantaranya adalah penerapan kebijakan tanpa memperhatikan karakteristik indikator terjadinya balita stunting di setiap kabupaten/kota, oleh karena itu diperlukan analisis pemetaan kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Papua dan Papua Barat berdasarkan indikator terjadinya balita stunting dengan menggunakan analisis cluster hierarki pendekatan agglomeratif. Metode terbaik yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian ini adalah complete linkage dengan 3 kelompok. Kelompok 1 terdiri dari 25 kabupaten, dengan Indikator yang perlu diperhatikan adalah Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD), sumber air minum layak, dan kehamilan pada usia dini. Kelompok 2 terdiri dari 8 kabupaten, indikator yang harus diperhatikan adalah imunisasi lengkap, penggunaan alat KB, akses layanan sanitasi layak, sumber air minum layak, dan penduduk miskin. Kelompok 3 terdiri dari 9 kabupaten, dimana hanya sumber air minum layak yang sangat baik tetapi indikator lainnya masih lebih buruk dibanding kelompok 1 dan 2, sehingga indikator terjadinya balita stunting pada kelompok 3 harus diperhatikan secara lebih khusus
LITERASI DIGITAL MASYARAKAT KABUPATEN JENEPONTO DI ERA MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: Ramsiah Tasruddin  , Irnawati  
Published: August 2024

Kemudahan mengakses dan memproduksi informasi di dunia maya ini harus sejalan dengan kecakapan literasi digital. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana masyarakat di Kabupaten Jeneponto menggunakan internet untuk mengakses informasi di media sosial dan melakukan interaksi di media sosial. Tehnik Pengumpulan Data dan Instrumen Penelitian Adapun tehnik pengumpulan data adalah Observasi, Wawancara dan Dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah masyarakat di kabupaten jeneponto telah banyak melakukan interaksi di media sosial hanya saja belum bijak terhadap penggunaan tekonologi informasi dan komunikasi yang tersedia tersebut. Teknologi media, khususnya media sosial di era digital mampu mengubah cara masyarakakt di jenepoto untuk belajar, bermain dan bermasyarakat di dunia nyata
Acute type A aortic dissection in patients with non-prior cardiac surgery vs. prior cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ahmed Muhammad , Alim Ur Rahman Hafsah , Fahim Muhammad Ahmed Ali , Hussain Zahabia Altaf , Ahmed Nisar , Asghar Muhammad Sohaib 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundPatients with prior cardiac surgery undergoing acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) are thought to have worse clinical outcomes as compared to the patients without prior cardiac surgery.AimTo compare the safety and efficacy of ATAAD in patients with prior cardiac surgery.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar from database inception until April 2024. We included nine studies which consisted of a population of 524 in the prior surgery group and 5,249 in the non-prior surgery group. Our primary outcome was mortality. Secondary outcomes included reoperation for bleeding, myocardial infarction, stroke, renal failure, sternal wound infection, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time, cross-clamp time, hospital stay, and ICU stay.ResultsOur pooled estimate shows a significantly lower rate of mortality in the non-prior cardiac surgery group compared to the prior cardiac surgery group (RR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.48–0.74). Among the secondary outcomes, the rate of reoperation for bleeding was significantly lower in the non-prior cardiac surgery group (RR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.50–0.88). Additionally, the non-prior cardiac surgery group had significantly shorter CPB time (MD = −31.06, 95% CI = −52.20 to −9.93) and cross-clamp time (MD = −21.95, 95% CI = −42.65 to −1.24). All other secondary outcomes were statistically insignificant.ConclusionPatients with prior cardiac surgery have a higher mortality rate as compared to patients who have not undergone cardiac surgery previously. Patients with prior cardiac surgery have higher mortality and longer CPB and cross-clamp times. Tailored strategies are needed to improve outcomes in this high-risk group.
Association of COVID-19 infection and the risk of new incident diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Jingye , Wang Yuzhu , Xu Ruolan 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundAs the world population recovers from the COVID-19 infection, a series of acute sequelae emerge including new incident diabetes. However, the association between COVID-19 infection and new incident diabetes is not fully understood. We purpose to determine the risk of new incident diabetes after COVID-19 infection.MethodsPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were used as databases to search for cohort studies published from database inception to February 4, 2024. Two reviewers independently conducted the study screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. A random-effects model was adopted to pool the hazard ratio (HR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Subgroup analysis was conducted to explore the potential influencing factors.ResultsA total of 20 cohort studies with over 60 million individuals were included. The pooling analysis illustrates the association between COVID-19 infection and an increased risk of new incident diabetes (HR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.38-1.55). In subgroup analysis, the risk of type 1 diabetes was HR=1.44 (95% CI: 1.13-1.82), and type 2 diabetes was HR=1.47 (95% CI: 1.36-1.59). A slightly higher risk of diabetes was found in males (HR=1.37; 95% CI: 1.30-1.45) than in females (HR=1.29; 95% CI: 1.22-1.365). The risk of incident diabetes is associated with hospitalization: non-hospitalized patients have an HR of 1.16 (95% CI: 1.07-1.26), normal hospitalized patients have an HR of 2.15 (95% CI: 1.33-3.49), and patients receiving intensive care have the highest HR of 2.88 (95% CI: 1.73-4.79).ConclusionsCOVID-19 infection is associated with an elevated risk of new incident diabetes. Patients ever infected with COVID-19 should be recognized as a high-risk population with diabetes.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42024522050.
Elevated ALT/AST ratio as a marker for NAFLD risk and severity: insights from a cross-sectional analysis in the United States
Authors: Xuan Yanyan , Wu Dingting , Zhang Qin , Yu Zhiqiang , Yu Jingbo , Zhou Dongdong 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe prevalence and incidence of Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are increasing worldwide, and NAFLD has emerged as a prominent global health concern. The link between serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) to aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ratio and NAFLD remains unclear. This study investigated the association between the ALT/AST ratio and NAFLD prevalence, including liver steatosis and fibrosis levels in the population.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2018, including 4753 participants. Subgroup analyses, stratified by age, gender, and body mass index (BMI), were performed, along with adjusted multivariable logistic regression analyses to evaluate the relationship between ALT/AST levels and the likelihood of NAFLD, liver steatosis, and hepatic fibrosis stage. A generalized additive model examined the non-linear relationship between ALT/AST and the probability of developing NAFLD.ResultsAmong 4753 participants, 1508 (31.73%) were diagnosed with NAFLD. Significant positive correlations between ALT/AST and NAFLD risk were found across all models. In addition, the subgroup analysis by gender, age, and BMI suggested that ALT/AST showed a positive correlation with NAFLD. The ALT/AST ratio was positively correlated with the degree of liver steatosis and liver fibrosis. The correlation between ALT/AST and the incidence of NAFLD showed a non-linear pattern. In women, the non-linear trend is particularly evident, showing an inverted U-shaped curve with an inflection point of 1.302. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the predictive value of ALT/AST for NAFLD was better than that of traditional liver enzyme parameters.ConclusionA higher ALT/AST ratio was independently associated with a significantly higher risk of NAFLD and liver fibrosis within American cohorts. This link is robust among females, children, and adolescents. ALT/AST ratio can be used as a simple and effective noninvasive biomarker to identify individuals with high risk of NAFLD.
Industrial equipment optimization for combustion performance enhancement: a real-world case study
Authors: Lin Tianqin , Cao Qi , Huang Song , Zhang Wei , Liao Hebin , Andriukaitis Darius , Li Zhixiong 
Published: August 2024

To address the issue of high NOx emission from the combustion chamber, this work optimized the industrial machine structure to enhance the combustion performance. The analysis results indicated that the flue gas recirculation (FGR) could effectively reduce the combustion temperature and the distribution of high-temperature regions in the machine chamber, thereby suppressing NOx formation without affecting the gas velocity inside the chamber. Based on the simulation analysis, the FGR technology was applied to modifying the machine structure and evaluated the modification effect in real-world application. It is found that after adding FGR, the oxygen content at the furnace outlet decreased from 13.8% to 10.5%, the NOx emission from the furnace decreased from 80 mg/m3 to 18 mg/m3, and the natural gas consumption decreased by more than 17%. These results demonstrate a significant impact on energy saving and emission reduction after optimizing the machine structure, which can provide a reference basis for subsequent researchers in this field.
Gypsum and organic materials improved soil quality and crop production in saline-alkali on the loess plateau of China
Authors: Tian Ye , Jiang Wenting , Chen Guoliang , Wang Xiukang , Li Tingting 
Published: August 2024

Arable soil and crop productivity are severely affected by salinization. Therefore, soil amendments are an important measure for improving saline-alkali soil for agricultural development. Desulfurized gypsum is a common soil amendment that has been used repeatedly alongside organic materials to improve the biological, physical, and chemical properties of saline soil. This study takes the typical saline-alkali farmland soil in Yulin as the research object, and five treatments were established: a blank treatment (CK), a single application 2.5 t ha−1 of desulfurized gypsum (T), 2.5 t ha−1 of desulfurized gypsum and 1.5 t ha−1 of green manure (TL), application 2.5 t ha−1 of desulfurized gypsum and 1.5 t ha−1 of straw (TS), and 2.5 t ha−1 of desulfurized gypsum and 1.5 t ha−1 of organic fertilizer (TV). The results show that the TV treatment achieved a significant improvement in soil nutrients, organic carbon, enzyme activity, and maize yield. In 2022 (2023), the compared of organic matter, TN, TP, TK, AP, and AK increased significantly compared with the CK treatment when the TV treatment was applied. Soil phosphatase activity (SPA), soil urease activity (SUA) and soil sucrase activity (SSA) significantly higher in the TV treatment compared with the other treatments and increased significantly over the two-year period. Furthermore, soil organic carbon (SOC), easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) also significantly increased with the 2022 and 2023 TV treatments. Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between maize yield and soil nutrients, organic carbon, and enzyme activity (P &lt; 0.05). Thus, the TV treatment was determined to be the optimal treatment for soil improvement. This conclusion was supported by analyses performed using membership function analysis, gray correlation analysis, and entropy TOPSIS model evaluation. Therefore, this method increases soil quality, improves soil fertility, achieves high maize yields, and provides a scientific basis for enhancing and utilizing saline-alkali soil in the Loess Plateau.
Characterization of carbon dioxide emissions from late stage windrow composting
Authors: Pennell Travis , Comeau Louis-Pierre , MacKinley Kyle , Hann Sheldon , Heung Brandon , Kiely Bob 
Published: August 2024

As organic waste is converted to usable amendments via composting, there are large CO2 emissions associated with the decomposition of organic matter via microorganisms. While the active composting phase produces the largest emissions over a short duration, compost can often be stored during and after the maturation phase for much longer periods of time, increasing cumulative emissions. As such, the objectives of this study were to examine the spatial and temporal variability associated with in situ emissions sampling while identifying the environmental and chemical controls on emissions in windrow composting facilities during and after the maturation phase. A total of 665 flux measurements were taken from four windrows representing different ages and compositions between June and November 2020. Factorial analysis of covariance (ANOVA) was used to determine the variability between sampling locations, while multiple linear regression was used to identify those parameters which had the most influence on CO2 flux. Emissions showed significant variability over time that were attributed to ambient temperatures. During the summer, each windrow reached peak emissions between 5.0 and 32.3 g CO2 m-2 hr-1. As temperatures cooled, the windrows saw a 62%–86% decline in emissions, generally falling below 2 g CO2 m-2 hr-1. Significant differences occurred between the top-most sampling location and all others on the windrow, emitting between 33%–100% more CO2. The environmental controls of surface temperature, moisture content, and internal temperature showed the highest influence on emissions (R2 = 0.62). Chemical properties including organic nitrogen, carbon, pH, magnesium, and nitrate also showed significant influence (R2 = 0.43). This research has shown that environmental factors including temperature and moisture show the strongest influence over emission rates in mature compost. A significant negative effect of organic nitrogen on CO2 flux was found, indicating that increased presence of organic nitrogen would aid in the retention of carbon after the maturation phase, acting to lower total emissions.
Assisted migration outcomes for oak species and seed sources in southern Ontario, Canada
Authors: Pedlar John H. , McKenney Daniel W. , Sandvall Kristen , Zurbrigg Heather , McLaven Kerry 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionForest assisted migration has been proposed as a means to align tree populations with shifting climate habitats under climate change. Here we report on the growth and survival of oak species and seed sources at five assisted migration trials in southern Ontario – an important transition zone between boreal and temperate ecosystems.MethodsEach trial featured one or more oak species – including red oak (Quercus rubra), white oak (Q. alba), burr oak (Q. macrocarpa), and swamp white oak (Q. bicolor) – and seed sources from Ontario, Pennsylvania, and/or Tennessee. The trials were measured for survival and height at between 7 and 13 years after planting.ResultsFor several trials and species, southern seed sources performed nearly as well as local sources. However, southern seed sources of burr oak performed significantly worse than local sources at 2 trials in eastern Ontario. These outcomes may have been influenced by reduced quality of southern seed source planting stock at these trials.DiscussionOur findings generally support previous work that suggests northward movements of seed sources of several hundred kilometers may be safe for assisted migration efforts involving broadleaf tree species. Notably, the trial sites were located at the northern range limits of two oak species in this study (Q. alba and Q. bicolor), suggesting the potential for modest range expansions in this boreal-temperate transition zone. These findings help forest managers to better understand potential assisted migration outcomes under climate change.
Primary immunodeficiency-related genes and varicella-zoster virus reactivation syndrome: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Hao , Chen Guanglei , Gong Qian , Wu Jing , Chen Peng 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundCurrently, evidence regarding the causal relationship between primary immunodeficiency-related genes and varicella-zoster virus reactivation syndrome is limited and inconsistent. Therefore, this study employs Mendelian randomization (MR) methodology to investigate the causal relationship between the two.MethodsThis study selected 110 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of primary immunodeficiency-related genes as instrumental variables (IVs). Genetic associations of primary immunodeficiency-related genes were derived from recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data on human plasma protein levels and circulating immune cells. Data on genes associated with varicella-zoster virus reactivation syndrome were obtained from the GWAS Catalog and FINNGEN database, primarily analyzed using inverse variance weighting (IVW) and sensitivity analysis.ResultsThrough MR analysis, we identified 9 primary immunodeficiency-related genes causally associated with herpes zoster and its subsequent neuralgia; determined causal associations of 20 primary immunodeficiency-related genes with three vascular lesions (stroke, cerebral aneurysm, giant cell arteritis); revealed causal associations of 10 primary immunodeficiency-related genes with two ocular diseases (retinopathy, keratitis); additionally, three primary immunodeficiency-related genes each were associated with encephalitis, cranial nerve palsy, and gastrointestinal infections.ConclusionsThis study discovers a certain association between primary immunodeficiency-related genes and varicella-zoster virus reactivation syndrome, yet further investigations are warranted to explore the specific mechanisms underlying these connections.
Chemical and genetic characterization of lipopeptides from Bacillus velezensis and Paenibacillus ottowii with activity against Fusarium verticillioides
Authors: Diniz Gisele de Fátima Dias , Figueiredo José Edson Fontes , Canuto Kirley Marques , Cota Luciano Viana , Souza Ana Sheila de Queiroz , Simeone Maria Lúcia Ferreira , Tinoco Sylvia Morais de Sousa , Ribeiro Paulo Riceli Vasconcelos , Ferreira Lourenço Vitor Silva , Marins Mikaely Sousa , Oliveira-Paiva Christiane Abreu de , dos Santos Vera Lúcia 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe fungus Fusarium verticillioides significantly threatens maize crops in tropical soils. In light of this, biological control has emerged as a promising strategy to reduce fungicide costs and environmental risks. In this study, we aimed to test the antifungal activity of cell-free supernatant (CFS) from three Bacillus velezensis (CT02, IM14, and LIS05) and one Paenibacillus ottowii (LIS04) against F. verticillioides, thereby contributing to the development of effective biocontrol measures.MethodsThe research employed a comprehensive approach. The antifungal activity of the bacterial strains was tested using cell-free supernatant (CFS) from three Bacillus velezensis (CT02, IM14, and LIS05) and one Paenibacillus ottowii (LIS04). The UPLC-MS evaluated the CFS to identify the main bioactive molecules involved in the inhibitory effect on F. verticillioides. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess the impact of CFS on spores and hyphae, and genome sequencing was conducted to identify the genes involved in biological control. These robust methodologies ensure the reliability and validate our findings.ResultsThe CFS of the four strains demonstrated significant inhibition of fungal growth. The UPLC-MS analysis revealed the presence of lipopeptides with antifungal activity, including surfactin and fengycins A and B expressed by the three strains of Bacillus velezensis and iturin A expressed by strains LIS05 and IM14. For Paenibacillus ottowii, fusaricidins, ABCDE, and five previously unreported lipopeptides were detected. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that treatments with CFS led to significant distortion and breakage of the F. verticillioides hyphae, in addition to the formation of cavities in the membrane. Genome mining confirmed the presence of genes coding for the lipopeptides identified by UPLC-MS, including the gene for iturin in CTO2. Genomic sequencing revealed that CT02, IM14, and LIS05 belong to different strains of Bacillus velezensis, and LIS04 belongs to Paenibacillus ottowii, a species recently described.DiscussionThe four bacterial strains, including three novel strains identified as Bacillus velezensis and one as the recently described species Paenibacillus ottowii, demonstrate significant potential as biocontrol agents for managing fungal disease. This finding underscores the novelty and potential impact of our research.
Brain state-dependent repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for motor stroke rehabilitation: a proof of concept randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mahmoud Wala , Baur David , Zrenner Brigitte , Brancaccio Arianna , Belardinelli Paolo , Ramos-Murguialday Ander , Zrenner Christoph , Ziemann Ulf 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundIn healthy subjects, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeting the primary motor cortex (M1) demonstrated plasticity effects contingent on electroencephalography (EEG)-derived excitability states, defined by the phase of the ongoing sensorimotor μ-oscillation. The therapeutic potential of brain state-dependent rTMS in the rehabilitation of upper limb motor impairment post-stroke remains unexplored.ObjectiveProof-of-concept trial to assess the efficacy of rTMS, synchronized to the sensorimotor μ-oscillation, in improving motor impairment and reducing upper-limb spasticity in stroke patients.MethodsWe conducted a parallel group, randomized double-blind controlled trial in 30 chronic stroke patients (clinical trial registration number: NCT05005780). The experimental intervention group received EEG-triggered rTMS of the ipsilesional M1 [1,200 pulses; 0.33 Hz; 100% of the resting motor threshold (RMT)], while the control group received low-frequency rTMS of the contralesional motor cortex (1,200 pulses; 1 Hz, 115% RMT), i.e., an established treatment protocol. Both groups received 12 rTMS sessions (20 min, 3× per week, 4 weeks) followed by 50 min of physiotherapy. The primary outcome measure was the change in upper-extremity Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA-UE) scores between baseline, immediately post-treatment and 3 months’ follow-up.ResultsBoth groups showed significant improvement in the primary outcome measure (FMA-UE) and the secondary outcome measures. This included the reduction in spasticity, measured objectively using the hand-held dynamometer, and enhanced motor function as measured by the Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT). There were no significant differences between the groups in any of the outcome measures.ConclusionThe application of brain state-dependent rTMS for rehabilitation in chronic stroke patients is feasible. This pilot study demonstrated that the brain oscillation-synchronized rTMS protocol produced beneficial effects on motor impairment, motor function and spasticity that were comparable to those observed with an established therapeutic rTMS protocol.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier [NCT05005780].