bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Code of Ethics in a Multicultural Company and its Legal Context
Authors: Odlerová Eva , Ďurišová Jaroslava , Šramel Bystrík 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The entry of foreign investors and simultaneous expansion of different national cultures, religions, rules, moral and ethical standards is bringing up problems of cooperation and coexistence of different nationalities, ethnicities and cultures. Working in an international environment therefore requires adaptation to a variety of economic, political, legal, technical, social, cultural and historical conditions. One possible solution is to define a code of ethics, guidelines which find enough common moral principles, which can become the basis for the adoption of general ethical standards, while respecting national, cultural differences and practices. In this article, the authors pay attention not only to the analysis of the common ethical rules in a multicultural company, but also to the legal aspects of codes of ethics. Each code of ethics is a set of standards, which, like the legal norms, regulate the behaviour of individuals. These standards, however, must simultaneously meet certain statutory criteria that define the boundaries of regulation of employee’s behaviour.
Information Security Management (ISM)
Authors: Šalgovičová Jarmila , Prajová Vanessa 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Currently, all organizations have to tackle the issue of information security. The paper deals with various aspects of Information Security Management (ISM), including procedures, processes, organizational structures, policies and control processes. Introduction of Information Security Management should be a strategic decision. The concept and implementation of Information Security Management in an organization are determined by the corporate needs and objectives, security requirements, the processes deployed as well as the size and structure of the organization. The implementation of ISM should be carried out to the extent consistent with the needs of the organization.
Modes of Learning Utilized by Coaches to Increase Knowledge and Understanding
Authors: Vickers Brad , Wax Ben 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Houle (1980) provided “three major and overlapping modes of learning” (p. 31) as the basis for individual enhancement of professional knowledge. These modes of learning include instruction (acquisition of fact-based knowledge), inquiry (discussion and synthesis of information into a usable form), and performance (implementation of ideas to determine effectiveness). The purpose of this study was to determine the utilization of different modes of learning by novice, intermediate and expert football coaches in their development. The novice and intermediate football coaches were high school level coaches while the expert coaches included Bobby Bowden formerly of Florida State University and Tommy Bowden formerly of Clemson University. The data were collected through interviews and observations of the coaches revealing that coaches’ progression of expertise (from novice to expert) lead to a lessened dependence on instruction as a mode of learning and more utilization of inquiry and performance. With little experience and high dependence on the head coach, novice coaches primarily relied on fact-based information (instruction) disseminated by head coaches to increase their knowledge and understanding of football and coaching. The intermediate and expert football coaches were similar in their dependence on inquiry and performance to increase knowledge and understanding, but differed slightly in their dependence on each mode of learning. The intermediate coaches placed more emphasis on discovering additional information about their ideas and strategies (inquiry), while the expert coaches emphasized the implementation of ideas into daily practices and games (performance) to discern what aspects were beneficial and what should be revised or discarded.
Effectiveness of Classification Measures in Predicting Achievement in the Israel Defence Forces - Fitness Instruction Trainers Courses as a Case Study
Authors: Galily Yair , Kayam Orly , Bar-Eli Michael 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Human resources are the most crucial element in the selection of suitable fitness instruction trainers (FIT) and the results of the screening process impact greatly on the entire physical training system in the Israeli army, both in the short-term and the long-term (potential officers, young officers and developing and veteran officers). The aim of the current study is to examine the effectiveness, validity and reliability of the screening process for acceptance to the female fitness instructors training course in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). The screening process aims to identify those that are most suitable from a large pool of candidates, in order to ensure the highest possible level of candidates and the lowest possible drop-out rate from the training course and subsequent army service. The paper examines the reliability of the classification exam currently administered in the course and its validity in predicting those candidates who will succeed in the course and in their assignments afterwards. The sample is based on a data analysis of nine screening dates over three years (three each year). The evaluation of validity is based on the relationship between the course entrance exam grades (administered a year before enlistment), exam grades at the beginning of the course and additional data relating to success in the field.
Visualisation of contrast-filled stab wounds in various tissue types with computed tomography
Authors: Leth Peter Mygind , Stolborg Uffe 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
Background: Stab wounds are common in homicide cases. Post-mortem multislice computed tomography (PMCT) has proved to be
a useful tool in forensic examinations of victims of sharp force trauma, but due the limited resolution of soft tissues, the radiological
depiction of a stab channel is difficult. In this study, we have tried to obtain information about the shape of a knife blade by CT
scanning contrast-filled experimentally inflicted stab wounds in various types of pig tissue.
Methodology: The tissue samples were mounted on floral foam (oasis) with wooden sticks. Two contrast media were used: one was
unmodified and easy flowing, and one was made more viscous with polyethylene glycol. Stab channels in ballistic soap were used for
comparison. India ink-filled stab channels were investigated histologically to determine the pattern of leakage.
Principal findings: We found that the shape of the stab wounds on the CT images from lung and muscle tissue did not correspond
well to the shape of the inflicting knife. There was a better correspondence in the images obtained from liver, spleen and kidney.
The viscous contrast medium was less likely than the thin (easy flowing) contrast medium to spill into to structures outside the stab
channel, but some spillage was observed for both types of contrast medium. Air bubbles were only observed in the viscous contrast
medium.
Conclusion: Radiological evaluation of a contrast-filled stab wound in isolated tissue blocks did not permit the positive identification
of the inflicting weapon, but it was, in tissue blocks from liver, spleen and kidney, possible to obtain a rough idea of the shape of the
inflicting knife and to differentiate a knife from a screwdriver.
Embedded Inversion Worldwide
Authors: Kolbe Daniela , Sand Andrea 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe inversion of (auxiliary) verb and subject in subordinate interrogative clauses (embedded inversion, or EI) is a feature that occurs in many non-standard varieties of English, especially in varieties that have developed in language contact situations, such as Irish English, East African English or Indian English. Various sources of origin have been proposed in previous research, among them substrate influence or transfer errors of learners in language contact situation. This paper introduces the phenomenon in question and provides an overview of previous research. Drawing on data of the International Corpus of English (ICE), it then presents the results of probabilistic statistic analyses (logistic regression) in order to identify which external and internal factors are strongest in elciting the inverted word order.
Irish English Habitual Do Be Revisited
Authors: Ronan Patricia 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article examines the category of present habitual in Irish English, Irish and Scots Gaelic. The latter two are frequently claimed to have had an influence on the development of the tense and aspect systems of their respective contact varieties of English. It is argued that Scots Gaelic, in contrast to Irish Gaelic, has no separately marked habitual present system, and therefore there may have been less pressure to introduce distinct habitual-present aspect into Scottish English, an assessment which is in line with research in contact linguistics.
Gertrude Stein’s Autobiographical Poses: From Identity to Entity
Authors: Chiper Sorina 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe dominant pattern in the Western hermeneutics has been to view autobiography as an occasion for the celebration of the individual. This article tackles the dialectics between identity and entity, between self and other, and between genius and “everybody” in two of Gertrude Stein’s autobiographies: The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas and Everybody’s Autobiography. Drawing on associations between autobiography and photography, I highlight the performativity of Stein’s autobiographical self, suggest posing as a metaphor for the autobiographical act, and discuss Gertrude Stein’s move from the question of identity to the question of genius as entity
Theatre in the Combat Zone: The Military Theatricals at Philadelphia, 1778
Authors: Worrall David 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis paper will consider the connections between different types of theatre and theatricality under conditions of war in Philadelphia in 1778 during the British occupation. The ethical cleansing of the title refers to the Mischianza, the giant medieval tournament and naval regatta on the Delaware organized by the British on the eve of their departure in May 1778. Staged theatre, improvised by the personnel of both sides with army and navy soldiers performing texts from the regular British 18th-century dramatic repertoire, was also a feature common both to the winter encampment in Valley Forge and to the British in their conventional theatre in Philadelphia. The Mischianza was an extension of these types of theatricals. What I will be arguing is that a study of the connections between theatre, performance and theatricality allows us to model the disparate forces at work in a society experiencing the irreversible social and political changes of war. The kinds of theatrical modelling I am suggesting will attempt to describe a distributed, dialogic, set of performance inscriptions out of which Philadelphia emerged as an urban space in the post-colonial phase. In short, both the theatricals on both sides, the Mischianza included, were attempts at territorializing space, inscribing ownership, allegiance and cultural value through the repetition of performance. The most promising theoretical model for analyzing these complex cultural interactions arises from the synthesizing the work of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari in Manuel DeLanda in A New Philosophy of Society: Assemblage Theory and Social Complexity.
Use of Iron Sucrose Complex in Treatment of Anemia in Pregnancy
Authors: Akther Rabeya , Afroj Hasina 
Published: February 2013

Objective: To demonstrate the value of iron sucrose complex in the treatment of anemia in pregnancy.Methods: It is a prospective clinical study, of 35 consecutive pregnant women suffering from anemia in pregnancy. The study was conducted over a period of twelve months. Hemoglobin concentration was measured three times during pregnancy. All women consumed timed release iron from 17 weeks onward up to birth of the baby. If hemoglobin level is (8.5 - 9) gm/dl, parentral Iron sucrose complex 2 doses (400gm of iron) were given intravenously and hemoglobin level was checked after 15 days.Results: There were 35 women who completed the treatment and data was available for analysis. Their mean age was 27.5(range21-35) years. Fifty six percent were 2nd gravid. Twenty eight (28%) percent women in 1st half of pregnancy, 53% in 2nd trimester and 16% in 3rd trimester suffering from moderate anemia and treated with iron sucrose complex (ISC). The average Hemoglobin concentration before treatment was 8.47gm/dl and after treatment was 9.67gm/dl. There was a statistically significant improvement in hemoglobin concentration. Three women developed side effects and did not get 2nd dose.Conclusion: Intravenous iron therapy is safe, convenient and effective in treatment of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy. The intravenous iron therapy can replace blood transfusion in antenatal period in many patients. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v25i1.13728 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2010; Vol. 25(1) : 20-23
Management of Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy- An Update
Authors: Nahar K , Laila TR , Akhter N , Shamsunnahar PA , Khatun K , Chowdhury SB 
Published: February 2013

Hypertensive disorder is the most common medical problem encountered in pregnancy with a high perinatal and maternal mortality & morbidity. According to the onset of hypertension in relation to pregnancy and its duration and the development of proteinuria & convulsion it is categorized into several types. The prognosis depends on duration and severity of hypertension and multi-system involvement. Aim of management is to achieve a gradual and sustained lowering of BP to prevent maternal complications and to allow prolongation of pregnancy for fetal benefit. For management purpose, according to recent NICE clinical guideline gestational hypertension has been classified into mild, moderate and severe hypertension. Till now there is controversy regarding the use of antihypertensives in mild to moderate hypertension. Labetalol, hydralazine & methyldopa are used as first line drugs according to severity of hypertension. Magnesium sulphate is the anticonvulsant of choice and nimodipine is the newer alternative. Obstetric management in all the types of hypertensive disorders is almost same .Expectant management can be considered for women at <34 weeks gestation only in well equipped centers capable of caring very pre-term babies. Antenatal corticosteroid is recommended for enhancing fetal lung maturity. There is a common consensus that the hypertensive patients should be delivered at e37 weeks as there is no benefit in continuing the pregnancy. For women with any type of hypertensive disorders, vaginal delivery should be considered unless cesarean section is required for the usual obstetric indication. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v25i1.13729 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2010; Vol. 25(1) : 24-32
Pregnancy in Potts Disease: A Case Report and Review
Authors: Yusuf N , Ali MA , Ahmad Q , Rahman L , Nigar T 
Published: February 2013

Spinal tuberculosis (Potts disease) during pregnancy reported to be rare & can be associated with destruction of the intervertebral disc & adjacent vertebrae that can lead to cord compression & thereby paraplegia or quadriplegia. Delay in diagnosis is common & most cases are diagnosed when paraplegia has already been occurred. This serious complication requires special attention during pregnancy & delivery. Here we reported a case of term pregnancy with Potts paraplegia. As the patient had complete motor & sensory loss from D7 level, (above the level of umbilicus to the lower limbs) LUCS was done without anesthesia & a healthy female baby was delivered. She did not require any analgesia post operatively DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v25i1.13731 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2010; Vol. 25(1) : 37-40
Clinical Presentation and Management of Hydatidiform Mole in a Peripheral Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Khan Jaglul Haider , Ferdous Jannatul , Alam Samiya 
Published: February 2013

This study was conducted in Faridpur Medical College Hospital, Faridpur, from January 2008 to December 2008 among fifty patients, diagnosed as a case of molar pregnancy. Incidenc of molar pregnancy was 8.27 per thousand pregnancy. Sixty percent of the patients were multiparous and eighty percent of low socio economic status . B positive blood group was prevalent (36%) in this study.Sixty percent( 60%) of the patients presented with amenorrhoea and abnormal vaginal bleeding.. Most of the patients (72%) were treated with suction evacuation and curettage. Of them hemorrhage was the most common immediate complication (80%). Complication like shock and perforation during evacuation was 14% and 4% respectively. Three patient (6%) developed Persistent Gestational Trophoblastic Disease(GTD) and one (2%) patient developed choriocarcinoma with lung metastasis and died. Thirty two (64%) patients attended for regular follow up but ten patients (20%) had attended irregularly and eight patients (16%) had dropped out .This study shows that follow up for molar pregnancy cases is not satisfactory in a district medical college hospital.Further improvement can be done by increasing awareness of the patients. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v25i2.13741 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2010; Vol. 25(2) : 59-64
A Lower Dose of Magnesium Sulphate for Control of Convulsion in Eclamptic Women of Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana N , Begum K , Begum A , Akhter U 
Published: February 2013

Eclampsia, a life threatening complication of pregnancy. It is one of the important cause of maternal mortality of Bangladesh. Eclamptic seizure can effectively controlled by use of magnesium sulphate. A prospective randomized case control study was conducted at eclampsia ward of Dhaka Medical College Hospital for one year from June 2007 to May 2008.Objective: To find out whether only 8gm of magnesium sulphate heptahydrate (Nalepsin) as a single loading dose is sufficient to control eclamptic convulsion and also to compare the efficacy between 8gm & 10gm of MgSo4 used to control convulsion.Methodology: A random selection was done by lottery of those antepartum and intrapartum cases who fulfill the selection criteria. Hundred patient were selected and grouped them into case & control. 8gm Nalepsion (Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate) as a single I.V dose was selected for case and 10gm MgSo4 (4gm I.V + 3gm I.M in each buttock) was for control group. Different variables were compaired and results were analyzed by unpaired t test and chi-square test (X2) by SPSS programme. Result: Statistically there was no significant difference of any finding between two groups after comparing all variables individually.Conclusion: 8gm Nalepsin intravenously as a single loading dose is sufficient to control eclamptic convulsion and prevention of its recurrence.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v25i2.13743 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2010; Vol. 25(2) : 71-76
Successful Outcome of Pregnancy with Large Fibroid Uterus- A Case Report
Authors: Akhtar Nahreen , Sultana Sayeeda , Zabin Fahmida 
Published: February 2013

Background: Fibroid is the most common of all pelvic tumours, being present in 20 percent of women in the reproductive age group and increases with age.Obstetric cesarean hysterectomy is mostly done for indications deemed to be serious and life threatening to the patient and not amenable to conservative management.Case: A 27 years old lady was admitted in BSMMU with 3rd gravida 35 wks pregnancy with less fetal movement with fibroid uterus. Fibroid was diagnosed at her 21 weeks pregnancy by ultrasonogram. Caesarean section was done at 35+ weeks of pregnancy because of nonreactive CTG. After delivery of the baby and placenta, severe bleeding started. Caesarean hysterectomy was done. The mother and baby were healthy at the time of discharge.Conclusion: Very few patients needed cesarean hysterectomy in case of fibroids in pregnancy. However there is no question that cesarean hysterectomy save lives especially in case of bleeding that cannot be controlled by simpler measures. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v25i2.13746 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2010; Vol. 25(2) : 87-89
The Requirement of Linker for Activation of T Cells in the Primary and Memory Responses of CD8 T Cells
Authors: Ou-Yang Chih-wen , Zhu Minghua , Sullivan Sarah A. , Fuller Deirdre M. , Zhang Weiguo 
Published: February 2013

AbstractLinker for activation of T cells (LAT) is a transmembrane adaptor protein that links TCR engagement to downstream signaling events. Although it is clear that LAT is essential in thymocyte development and initiation of T cell activation, its function during T cell expansion, contraction, and memory formation remains unknown. To study the role of TCR-mediated signaling in CD8 T cells during the course of pathogen infection, we used an inducible mouse model to delete LAT in Ag-specific CD8 T cells at different stages of Listeria infection and analyzed the effect of deletion on T cell responses. Our data showed that LAT is important for maintaining CD8 T cell expansion during the priming phase; however, it is not required for CD8 T cell contraction and memory maintenance. Moreover, LAT deficiency accelerates memory differentiation during the effector-to-memory transition, leading to a higher frequency of KLRG1lowIL-7RhighCD62Lhigh memory T cells. Nonetheless, these LAT-deficient memory T cells were unable to proliferate or produce cytokines upon secondary infection. Our data demonstrated that, although TCR-mediated signaling is dispensable for contraction and memory maintenance, it regulates CD8 T cell memory differentiation and is essential for the memory response against pathogens.
¡Hazlo Bien! A Participatory Needs Assessment and Recommendations for Health Promotion in Growing Latino Communities
Authors: Valenzuela Jessica M. , McDowell Tiffany , Cencula Lindsey , Hoyt Lupe , Mitchell Monica J. 
Published: February 2013

Purpose. To investigate the health needs of a rapidly growing Latino community and understand priorities for developing culturally sensitive health promotion strategies. Approach. A participatory research approach was selected to understand health challenges and opportunities for health engagement in the community. Setting. Norwood, Ohio, a small community in southwest Ohio. Participants. Latino adults living, working, or accessing services in Norwood. Method. Trained community researchers collected survey data from 198 participants at multiple community “points of contact” and door-to-door in more isolated neighborhoods. Survey data were aggregated using descriptive statistics. Two focus groups were conducted with 25 community members, transcribed, and analyzed using principles of thematic analysis. Participants' health concerns, health behaviors, and access to/experiences with health care were assessed. Results. Findings indicated significant health concerns, including overweight (43.2%) and obesity (28.6%), mental health challenges (anxiety 15.7%; depression 15.0%), and oral health concerns (23.0%). In addition, community members described barriers to accessing health care and strategies for preventing health problems and promoting positive health. Participants also discussed perceived discrimination and the need to address isolation within their community. Conclusion. Methods and findings from the ¡Hazlo Bien! participatory needs assessment are likely to be useful to those designing health promotion programs in quickly growing Latino communities where there are limited health services and few existing social support networks.