bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salvianolic Acid B Accelerates Osteoporotic Fracture Healing via LncRNA-MALAT1/miR-155-5p/HIF1A Axis
Authors: Gao Zhao , Li Ying , Zhang Yage , Xu Liangliang , Sun Yuxin 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Osteoporotic fracture is a pathological fracture secondary to osteoporosis,
causing disabilities and a heavy burden to the patients. In the previous study, we found that salvianolic
acid B (SalB) promoted the osteogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs).

Objective:
This study aimed to explore the role of SalB in osteoporotic fracture healing, as well as
the potential molecular mechanism.

Methods:
Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were treated with SalB or PBS
in vitro, and an osteoporotic fracture model in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats was established successfully.
SalB or PBS was locally injected at the fracture. Eight weeks later, microCT was used to
compare the healing of osteoporotic fractures with or without SalB. The relative expressions of
mRNAs were measured by qRT-PCR. Bioinformatics analysis, RT-PCR, and dual luciferase reporter
assay were utilized to detect the interrelation of genes. Immunohistochemistry staining was
used to test expressions of proteins.

Results:
In the present study, we found that SalB significantly increased the level of lncRNA--
MALAT1 in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, silencing lncRNA-MALAT1 inhibited the
expressions of osteogenesis-related marker genes and abolished the effect of SalB on osteogenesis.
Also, we found that lncRNA-MALAT1 sponged miR-155-5p, and miR-155-5p directly targeted
HIF-1α. Using the osteoporotic fracture healing model, our result demonstrated that local administration
of SalB could promote both bone and type H vessel formation in the calluses. The mechanical
test further showed that SalB could improve the mechanical properties of fractured femurs.

Conclusion:
Taken together, our study reported that SalB could promote osteogenesis and type H
vessel formation to accelerate osteoporotic fracture healing through the lncRNA--
MALAT1/miR-155-5p/HIF-1α axis.
A Toluene-induced Infundibulo-neurohypophysitis: A New Cause of
Hypophysitis Secondary to Toxic Exposure
Authors: Costanza Flavia , Giampietro Antonella , Tartaglione Tommaso , Angelini Flavia , Gaudino Simona , De Marinis Laura , Pontecorvi Alfredo , Chiloiro Sabrina , Bianchi Antonio 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Hypophysitis is a rare inflammatory disorder of the pituitary gland.
Symptoms and signs of hypophysitis can be various, and its recognition may be challenging.
Arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D) due to exposure to a variety of drugs and toxic substances
is rare, but some cases have been reported. Only 2 cases of AVP-D following toxic exposure
to toluene, an aromatic hydrocarbon, have been reported in the literature. To our
knowledge, our case represents the first description of an infundibulo neurohypophysitis (INH),
manifested with AVP-D, secondary to inhalation of toluene.

Case Report:
A 59-year-old man with an unremarkable medical history was referred to our department
for headache, polyuria, and polydipsia after the inhalation of spray film containing
toluene. The blood tests revealed a hyperosmolar plasma hypernatremia with normal kidney
function. A desmopressin test was performed, with an improvement in water balances, blood
electrolytes, and diuresis contraction. A pituitary MRI detected the absence of a normal hyperintense
signal of the neuro-pituitary in the T1-weighted images. In consideration of the clinical
signs and radiological imaging suggestive of INH, a therapy with desmopressin and corticosteroids
was instituted, with gradual improvement of polyuria and resolution of the radiological
features of INH.

Conclusion:
The exceptional finding of INH, manifested with AVP-D, following toluene inhalation
could represent a new secondary cause of hypophysitis. The possibility that drugs or toxic
substances never reported before could induce INH should not be excluded since the study on
hypophysitis is relatively recent but emerging, predictably destined to increase exponentially in
the coming years.
Study on the Biological Drug Enterocol’s Effect on the Nile Tilapia Breeding
Authors: Moldagaliyeva Dinara Zhexenbinovna , Sarsembayeva Nurzhan , Uzakov Yasin Malikovich , Biyashev Birzhan , Salimgereyeva Bagdat Zhanabaevna , Baitilessova Dinara , Tussupova Nurzhan , Pravin Nariman , Kozhamseitova Assel 
Published: July 2024

Background
Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a promising fish species for fish farming development in the Republic of Kazakhstan. It exemplifies a balanced and fast-growing source of flesh for future food production. In this context, optimising breeding methods is crucial for a high flesh yield and a safe product. The study delves into the potential of the Enterocol drug in enhancing Nile tilapia breeding, focusing on assessing muscle state and blood parameters.

Objects
Two groups of fish were utilized, with 20 specimens in each group. One set was the control group, and the other was the experimental group. The single difference between the fish groups was the Enterocol consumption by the experimental specimens, which were given an E. coli 64G strain concentration of 108 CFU in mL and a 5% daily dose of fish body weight three times daily for two months.

Methods
Blood parameters were analysed to assess the health of the fish groups. Subsequently, classical pathological methods were employed, such as macroscopic and microscopic assessments of each group's fish material. A histological analysis was also performed to assess the condition of the muscles.

Results
Examining the experimental group's muscles revealed a significant average increase in fish mass and 6.74% total body weight growth. Moreover, the total thickness of the muscle layer decreased as villi height increased, indicating a clear fibre structure. Haematological analysis unveiled elevated levels of haemoglobin, erythrocytes, leucocytes, and total protein in the experimental fish group, indicating improved health. These findings underscore the potential of the Enterocol drug in enhancing fish health and productivity.

Conclusion
Based on the results, it can be concluded that using Enterocol in fish breeding plants can effectively enhance flesh quality and safety, providing a secure and reliable solution for the aquaculture industry.
The Efficacy of Bedside Chest Ultrasound in the Detection of Traumatic Pneumothorax
Authors: Ahmed Saja Ali , Abdul-Qader Shaymaa Khalid , Shakir Nabaa Aswad 
Published: July 2024

Background
Chest X-rays have long been used to diagnose pneumothorax. In trauma patients, chest ultrasonography combined with chest CT may be a safer, faster, and more accurate approach. This could lead to better and quicker management of traumatic pneumothorax, as well as enhanced patient safety and clinical results.

Aim
The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and utility of bedside US chest in identifying traumatic pneumothorax and also its capacity to estimate the extent of the lesion in comparison to the gold standard modality chest computed tomography.

Methods
This was an observational cross-sectional study of 160 patients with traumatic pneumothorax. This sample was collected from all chest trauma patients admitted to Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital in Baghdad-Iraq between November 2021 and September 2022. Such patients were to have a bedside chest US and chest CT scan performed by a skilled radiologist to detect lung point signs and lung sliding, which would be used to determine the patient's pneumothorax status.

Results
According to the study's findings, about 77.5% of the patients evaluated were men. Furthermore, 40.6% of patients experienced blunt trauma. Chest ultrasound revealed positive pneumothorax in 50 cases (31.2%), while positive pneumothorax was confirmed by computed tomography in 53 cases (33.1%) with no significance in the detection of pneumothorax between the two imaging modalities p-value(0.719). Comparably, there was no significant difference in estimating the size of a pneumothorax between the two modalities (p-value = 0.547). Chest ultrasound diagnostic accuracy showed a sensitivity of approximately 92.45%, specificity of 99.07%, and diagnostic accuracy of 96.88%.

Conclusion
Our findings indicated that chest ultrasound might be a valuable rapid diagnostic tool for traumatic pneumothorax in the emergency department in addition to diagnosis. It eliminates the need to transport patients for a CT chest scan.
Classifying Ground Rippability and Weathering Grades in a Sedimentary Rock Geological Environment Using Seismic Refraction Survey
Authors: Rosli Najmiah , Rahman Nazrin , Tonnizam Edy , Saad Rosli , Rosli Athirah , Dahisam Muhammad Ammar Ahmad , Hasbollah Dayang Zulaika Abang , Slamat Fazleen , Suparmanto Eka Kusmawati , Legiman Mariatul Kiftiah Ahmad 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
An in-depth understanding of the ground subsurface is crucial for foundation design and excavation works and for avoiding potential hazards during land development. In this regard, the ground rippability and weathering grades are some of the ground information needed. While geotechnical works are preferred, their limited horizontal coverage and high cost are often constraints that limit their use.

Aims
To counter this, a geophysical survey is employed for its wider area coverage and cost-efficiency. Therefore, this study used the seismic refraction method to assess the rippability and weathering grades in a sedimentary rock geological setting (interbedded sandstone, siltstone, and shale) as a preliminary ground assessment.

Methods
A seismic refraction survey was carried out using Aktiebolaget Elektrisk Malmletning (ABEM) Terraloc Pro 2, where the survey line was 115m long. Rippability was obtained by correlating seismic values with the Caterpillar D10R rippability table. Meanwhile, the weathering grades of the ground were determined by correlating the study area with another study area of a similar geological setting.

Results
Within the 39m penetration depth, three layers can be classified from the ground’s P-wave velocity values and D10R Caterpillar rippability chart, which include rippable, marginal, and non-rippable layers. A break in the continuous ground layers could be seen, causing lower velocity values to be sandwiched between high velocities, which signified the presence of fracture. The weathering grades were also successfully classified from the seismic velocity values.

Conclusion
Using seismic refraction method, this study successfully employed seismic velocity values in determining the rippability and weathering grades of interbedded sedimentary rock without borehole record.
Optimizing Structural Steel Spur Gear Design for Reduced Stress
Concentrations in Industry 4.0 Using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Agrawal Anant Prakash , Ali Shahazad , Tripathi Naveen Mani , Kumar Rajeev , Srivastava Pulkit 
Published: July 2024

Abstract:
The advent of Industry 4.0 has highlighted the importance of spur gears in power transmission across the automotive, aerospace, and marine industries. However, these gears are susceptible to failure due to bending and contact stresses from fatigue. Designing an involute gear profile
presents challenges, particularly in managing tooth root stresses and avoiding interference. This
study tackles these issues through comprehensive stress analysis, using modeling and FEM assessment. The focus is on evaluating bending stresses at critical locations and identifying strategies to
reduce stress concentrations at the gear tooth root. By enhancing gear robustness, this research
could contribute to potential patents in gear technology.

Background:
Spur gears are crucial for power transmission but often fail due to fatigue-induced
stresses and design challenges at the tooth root.

Objective:
This study aims to address spur gear design challenges through comprehensive stress
analysis, using modeling and FEM to assess bending stresses and explore strategies to reduce stress
concentrations at the tooth root.

Methods:
The research uses SolidWorks and ANSYS for FEM analysis, focusing on bending
stresses and exploring modifications in gear design using various materials for optimization.

Results:
The analysis shows strategic modifications to the gear's fillet radius and addendum can reduce stress at the tooth root by 38.26%, with stainless steel being the optimal material for enhanced
gear strength.

Conclusion:
The study emphasizes strategic adjustments in fillet radius and addendum to reduce
stress in spur gears, highlighting stainless steel's superior performance for optimized design and enhanced strength.
A Comparative Study to Assess Post-COVID Fatigue and its Functional
Limitations
Authors: M. Ali Maria , Arman Asma , Zuberi Sahar , Aqeel Shahameen , Shahjabeen  
Published: July 2024

Objectives:
This work aimed to study the difference in the level of fatigue perception between
cases and controls, who did not have COVID-19. This study sought to establish the impact of
severity of infection with fatigue scores on the quality of life.

Methods:
This observational case-control study, recruiting 165 participants, both males and females,
from Fazaia Ruth Pfau Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan, started from August 2022 to October
2023 after obtaining their consent. A total of 65 COVID-positive with 21.5% hospitalized and 78.5%
non-hospitalized subjects were included. Post-COVID fatigue among the participants was compared
using the validated Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFQ-11), and WHOQOL
scale.

Results:
Participants in all groups reported fatigue on the Fatigue Severity Scale with Covid-positive
(38.25 ±12.15) and Covid-negative (33.75±11.28) rate, with a significant p-value (0.031). According
to CFQ, no significant difference (p=0.91) was found between fatigue scores of Covid positive and
negative. However, a significant (p=0. 016) difference was observed between Covid-positive hospitalized
(4.37±0.33) and non-hospitalized (1.98 ±0.22) subjects. QOL scores in different domains,
including QOL General Health (7.18±1.54), physical (20.38±3.51), psychological (46.33±7.05), and
social (9.98±1.94), were all significant (p=0.00) when compared between Covid positives and negatives.

Conclusion:
The study revealed that post-covid survivors experienced fatigue, which imposed limitations
on different aspects of life, which was different from the fatigue of non-affected individuals.
Correlates of Self-Reported Executive Function Impairment Among Medicaid Beneficiaries With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Von Nordheim David , Herrick Cynthia , Verdecias Niko , Garg Rachel , Kreuter Matthew W. , McQueen Amy 
Published: July 2024

Aims
Executive function (EF) impairment is associated with poorer outcomes for individuals with type 2 diabetes. Previous research has identified risk factors for EF impairment, but many of these are also associated with type 2 diabetes. To address this issue, this study identified relevant variables from the literature and compared their association with EF in a sample of people with type 2 diabetes.

Methods
Adult members of a Medicaid health plan diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in a social needs intervention trial. Using baseline data from the trial, bivariate and multivariable regression analyses examined associations between EF and demographic, health, and psychosocial factors.

Results
When controlling for other factors, we identified six significant correlates of EF impairment: age (β = 0.10), education (college vs. no college; β = −0.38), depression symptoms (β = 0.18), comorbidity burden (β = 0.21), diabetes-related distress (β = 0.14), and future time orientation (β = −0.13).

Conclusion
Our analysis identified several factors associated with greater EF impairment, which may interfere with diabetes self-management. Providers should consider these factors when prescribing treatments and determine whether additional resources or accommodations are warranted.
Child physical abuse: changes over ten years in the perceptions of Finnish dental professionals
Authors: Alapulli Heikki , Blomqvist My , Koskinen Sari , Tupola Sarimari , Valkama Elisa , Nikkola Eeva 
Published: July 2024

Objective: This study aimed to assess perceptions and actions taken by Finnish dental professionals in suspected cases of child physical abuse (CPA) and to describe changes over 10 years.
Material and methods: Data collected from two child abuse and neglect (CAN) surveys among Finnish dental professionals, working in public health care, covering suspicions of CPA and actions taken as well as training on CPA issues, were compared. The chi-squared (χ2) test was used to analyze associations.
Results: In total, 625 (2008) and 1,025 (2019) questionnaires were completed. Respondents reported that they suspected CPA more frequently in 2008 than in 2019 (21.0% vs. 8.7%, p < 0.001). Out of all respondents, 1.1% had reported their concern to the police in 2019. Worries about the report’s negative consequences to the child at home (44.5% vs. 56.4%, p < 0.001) and to the informer (30.2% vs. 36.3%, p = 0.016) increased between the surveys. The proportion of respondents with previous training on CPA issues increased between the surveys (5.9% vs. 36.4%, p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Recognition of CPA was low and decreased over the years. Furthermore, mandatory reporting to the police was low. Additional education on issues related to CPA is needed.
ANALISIS ALUR KUMPULAN CERPEN “PEREMPUAN” KARYA M. LUBIS SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR KELAS XI
Authors: Mahendra Arbian Dwi , Nurhayatin Titin 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini membahas unsur alur pada kumpulan cerpen “Perempuan” karya M. Lubis dan mengimplementasikan pembelajaran unsur alur sebagai unsur pembangun cerpen pada mata pelajaran bahasa Indonesia di kelas XI SMA. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat bahan ajar yang mampu mempermudah peserta didik dalam pembelajaran cerpen, berdasarkan tuntutan Kurikulum 2013. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif karena menjelaskan tentang alur pada kumpulan cerpen “Perempuan” karya M. Lubis. Data dalam kajian ini diperoleh melalui telaah pustaka, dokumentasi dan analisis. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan 1) Terdapat 18 cerpen yang memiliki unsur alur yang lengkap dan 1 cerpen yang tidak memiliki unsur alur yang lengkap, dengan rincian unsur orientasi dengan persentase 100%, unsur komplikasi dengan persentase 100%, dan unsur resolusi dengan persentase 67%. 2) Hasil analisis alur pada kumpulan cerpen “Perempuan” karya M. Lubis telah memenuhi bahan ajar di kelas XI SMA dan tuntutan Kurikulum 2013 karena sesuai dengan KD 3.9 yaitu: “Menganalisis unsur-unsur pembangun cerita pendek dalam buku kumpulan cerita pendek”, sesuai dengan aspek materi, aspek bahasa, dan aspek perkembangan psikologi peserta didik. 3) Bahan ajar berupa modul yang berjudul “Alur sebagai Unsur Pembangun Cerita Pendek” telah divalidasi oleh dosen meliputi aspek isi bernilai rata-rata nilai 92, aspek kebahasaan rata-rata nilai 93, aspek penyajian rata-rata nilai 100, dan aspek kegrafika rata-rata nilai 97. Validasi guru Bahasa Indonesia meliputi aspek isi rata-rata nilai 95, aspek kebahasaan rata-rata nilai 93, aspek penyajian rata-rata nilai 95, dan aspek kegrafika rata-rata nilai 88. Hasil validasi dari validator menunjukkan nilai rata-rata nilai 94 sehingga termasuk ke dalam kriteria baik dan dinyatakan memenuhi syarat sebagai bahan ajar cerita pendek di kelas XI SMA.
په‌ره‌پێدانه‌ ناوخۆییەکان وکاریگەرییان لەسەر سەقامگیری تەناهی لە ئاسیای ناوەڕاست دوای ساڵی 2001
Authors: Salih Alan H.S. 
Published: July 2024

ئه‌م توێژینه‌وه‌یه‌ تیشك دەخاتە سەر گرنگى پەرەپێدانە ناوخۆییەکان و گرنگیان لە ناوچەیەکی جوگرافی گرنگی جیهان ، ئه‌ویش ئاسیاى ناوه‌راستە ، وێراى ئه‌وه‌ى كه‌ ناوچه‌یه‌كى په‌نگخواردووى جوگرافییه‌ له‌ دیدگاى جوگرافیناسانه‌وه‌ به‌وه‌ى كه‌ ناكه‌وێته‌ سه‌ر هیچ ده‌ریایه‌كى كراوه‌و و خاوه‌ن ده‌رچه‌ى ئاوى كراوه‌نییه‌ به‌لام ناوچه‌یه‌كى گرنگى جیۆ سیاسیی و ستراتییژیی گرنگه‌ له‌و روانگه‌یه‌ى ده‌كه‌وێته‌ چه‌قى دڵى جیهانه‌وه‌ و هاوسنووره‌ له‌گه‌ڵ چه‌ندان ده‌وڵه‌تى خاوه‌ن هه‌ژموون وكاریگه‌ریی ناو سیسته‌مى نێوده‌وڵه‌تی . وێستگه‌یه‌كى گرنگى پێكه‌وه‌به‌ستنى ئاسیا و ئه‌وروپایه‌ ، به‌ بارێكى دیكه‌دا وێستگه‌یه‌كى گرنگى په‌یوه‌ندى رۆژهه‌لاتى ناوه‌راسته‌ به‌ ئه‌وروپاوه‌. ئاسیاى ناوه‌ڕاست جیا له‌ باره‌ جیۆپۆلۆتیكیه‌كه‌ى ناوچه‌یه‌كى گرنگى جیۆ ئیكۆنۆمییه‌ ، ده‌وله‌مه‌نده‌ به‌سامانى سروشتى و جۆره‌ها كانزا ، له‌گه‌ڵ ئه‌و ده‌وڵه‌ته‌كانى ئه‌م ناوچه‌ جوگرافییه‌ ده‌وڵه‌تى تازه‌ له‌دایك بوون ، ته‌مه‌نى سه‌ربه‌خۆبوونیان له‌ سێ ده‌یه‌ تێپه‌رناكات ، به‌ واتایه‌كى دیكه‌ هه‌ڵگرى گرفتى بونیادین له‌وه‌ى كۆمه‌ڵگه‌ى نایه‌كانگیرى كۆمه‌لایه‌تین و خاوه‌ن سیسته‌مێكى سیاسی جێگیر نیین ، ئابوورى و كایه‌ى سیاسیی ئه‌م ناوچه‌یه‌ له‌ دۆخێكى شلۆق دایه‌ ، ته‌واوى ده‌وله‌ته‌كانى ، ویراى جیاوازى ئاستیان ، به‌قۆناغى راگوزه‌ر دا گوزه‌رده‌كه‌ن.
Countering Islamophobia to Live in a Harmony in America After the 9/11 Attacks : A Religious Moderation Reflected in the Novel Yusuf Azeem is not a Hero (2021)
Authors: Dahlan Dahlan 
Published: July 2024

This study discussed the portrayal of Islamophobia and how to encounter it to live in a harmony in America after the 9/11 Attacks in the novel Yusuf Azeem Is Not a Hero by Saadia Faruqi. This research aimed at examining how to encounter islamophobia in the aftermath of the 9/11 Attacks portrayed in the novel. This study applied the qualitative descriptive method to analyse the data and note-taking as the research instrument. This study is represented through the point of view of genetic structuralism of how the author as a Moslem delivers her experiences that takes place in the life of the author in facing the Islamophobia into a novel. This study finds how the main characters struggle to fight against the islamophobia and this study figures out the efforts of countering it until the Moslem are accepted in social community: showing exemplary moral attitudes and actions, Having a courage in facing challenging situations as an attempt to explain the real Islam, showing tolerance (religion moderation) and Love and the author voices these ways to approve to the public about the true face of Islam through a literary work.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini membahas tentang gambaran Islamofobia dan cara menghadapinya untuk hidup harmonis di Amerika pasca Serangan 9/11 dalam novel Yusuf Azeem Is Not a Hero karya Saadia Faruqi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bagaimana menghadapi Islamofobia pasca Serangan 9/11 yang digambarkan dalam novel. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk menganalisis data dan note taking sebagai instrumen penelitian. Penelitian ini direpresentasikan melalui sudut pandang teori strukturalisme genetik tentang bagaimana pengarang sebagai seorang muslim menyampaikan pengalamannya yang terjadi dalam kehidupan pengarang dalam menghadapi islamophobia, penelitian ini menemukan bagaimana tokoh utama berjuang melawan islamophobia dan menggambarkan upaya penanggulangannya hingga diterimanya umat Islam dalam masyarakat social, seperti: menunjukkan sikap dan tindakan moral yang patut diteladani, Memiliki keberanian dalam menghadapi situasi yang menantang sebagai upaya untuk menjelaskan Islam yang sebenarnya, menunjukkan toleransi (moderasi beragama) dan Cinta dan Kasih. Penulis menyuarakan cara-cara tersebut untuk menegaskan kepada masyarakat tentang wajah Islam yang sebenarnya melalui sebuah karya sastra.