bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Duobinary pulse position modulation – a novel coding scheme for the dispersive optical channel
Authors: Mostafa Kamrunnasim , Sibley Martin J.N. , Mather Peter J. 
Published: September 2014

Pulse position modulation (PPM) coding schemes have been proposed and investigated widely as a technique of utilising the very high bandwidth available in optical fibres, achieving a significant improvement in sensitivity of 5–11 dB compared with an equivalent non‐return‐to‐zero on–off keying scheme. However, this improvement has some tradeoffs. When using eight‐level digital PPM, the final data rate can be as high as 32 times that of the original data, thus implementation becomes extremely difficult to the point where commercial viability becomes doubtful. In this study, the authors describe a novel coding scheme that combines the duobinary scheme with PPM to form DuoPPM. It is shown that DuoPPM gives a sensitivity greater than digital PPM while operating at two times the original data rate. Original results presented in this study predict that a high fibre bandwidth DuoPPM system can give a sensitivity of −42.2 dBm when operating with 1 Gbit/s on‐off keying (OOK) data and a fibre bandwidth of 100 GHz. In addition, it is shown that DuoPPM outperforms optimised digital PPM at low fibre bandwidths (1 GHz) by 8.7 dB.
Vitamin B1 deficiency inhibits the increased conversion of tryptophan to nicotinamide in severe food-restricted rats
Authors: Shibata Katsumi , Kobayashi Ryoko , Fukuwatari Tsutomu 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The conversion of tryptophan (Trp) → nicotinamide (Nam) is an important pathway for supplying vitamin niacin. We reported the following two phenomena: (1) severe food restriction led to an increase in the Trp → Nam conversion compared with free-access control group; (2) the conversion of Trp → Nam is also increased by vitamin B1 deficiency compared with free-access control group. The present study was done to clarify whether or not a true reason about an increase in the Trp → Nam conversion is a vitamin B1 deficiency or severe food restriction. The present results showed that vitamin B1 deficiency suppressed the increased conversion of Trp → Nam induced by severe food restriction, probably by suppressing 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid 3,4-dioxygenase protein synthesis in liver.
A Rhetoric of Epistemic Privilege: Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Harriot Stanton Blatch, and the Educated Vote
Authors: Stillion Southard Belinda A. 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACT
Recently, scholars have explored the empowering potential of epistemic privilege, a concept that refers to knowledge acquired through oppression as a privilege. Advancing these conversations, this article considers epistemic privilege as a rhetorical strategy. To explore the strategy’s potential and limits, this article turns to public letters exchanged between suffragists Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Harriot Stanton Blatch, in which the mother–daughter pair deliberated over the voting rights of the immigrant and working classes. Through this case study, this article finds that a rhetoric of epistemic privilege can work to empower multiple oppressed groups and yet reify power relationships.
Data and scholarly publishing: the transforming landscape
Authors: MURPHY Fiona 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTThis article sets the scene for the special issue on research data and publishing. Research data – that material commonly accepted by the scholarly community as required evidence for hypotheses and insights, for verification and/or reproducibility of experiments – has become an increasingly critical issue for publishers given recent developments in funders' mandates, technological advances, policymakers' interests, and so forth. I outline some of the recent initiatives that are responding to policy directives, particularly Project ODE, and consider how publishers are working with data and integrating their practices with other collaborative efforts. A summary of the new policies, products, and partnerships demonstrates that the onus is now with scholarly publishers to gain an understanding of these developments and how they are affecting fellow key stakeholders within the research communications ecosystem.
Logistics service characteristics and supply chain priorities for freight management
Authors: Durán Encalada Jorge Alberto , Duhamel François Bernard 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine how the type of logistics services required by firms is related to the freight characteristics, and to the cost and other dimensions of the services in Mexico.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted an exploratory study using Anova analysis and correlations, on the basis of a sample of 266 freight movements in Mexico, in order to test two main hypotheses.

Findings
The authors found an association between some logistics services, according to their level of customization, with the freight characteristics, and a positive relation of those customized services with security and reliability, on the one hand, and a negative relation with cost of the services, on the other hand.

Research limitations/implications
Size of the sample and some subjective measures of logistics services performance.

Practical implications
For shipping companies to be aware of existing limitations of Mexican logistics service providers in relation to customizing their services and the attributes associated with these services. This knowledge will contribute to firms' better planning of their freight movements.

Originality/value
Authors extend the supply chain analysis considering logistics variables variables such as freight characteristics, logistics services requirements, and the firms’ priorities for contracting these services, such as cost and other attributes.
Entrepreneurial intention: perceived advantages and disadvantages
Authors: Sampedro Inés Rueda , Fernández‐Laviada Ana , Herrero Crespo Angel 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour, the purpose of this paper is to analyse the influence of the advantages and disadvantages of entrepreneurship surrounding the entrepreneurial intention on a university context.

Design/methodology/approach
To test the hypothesis it is used a quantitative research. With a structural equations approach, it is explored the psychological mechanisms that could affect to the entrepreneurial intentions of university students.

Findings
The results obtained show that the advantages related to entrepreneurship, in particular personal rewards, influence positively on the entrepreneurial attitude. However, the disadvantages, in particular economic aspects, have a negative effect. Additionally, the authors test that the gender and the academic training have a moderate effect on the variables which influence on the entrepreneurial intention.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the literature on entrepreneurship in two important aspects. First, it goes into detail about the influence that perceived advantages and disadvantages of starting a new business has on entrepreneurial intentions. Second, the authors examine relevant and special collective, university students that try to decide their professional future and, hence, it is a critical period to decide the startup of a new business.
CSR influence on hotel brand image and loyalty
Authors: Martínez Patricia , Pérez Andrea , del Bosque Ignacio Rodríguez 
Published: September 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on brand image and loyalty in the hotel industry.Design/methodology/approachA reflective structural equations model was developed to test the research hypothesis. The study was tested using data collected from a sample of Spanish consumers who assessed the top ten Spanish hotel chains operating in the Latin American context.FindingsThe role of CSR as a tool to generate both functional and affective brand image, and loyalty was confirmed. CSR has a greater influence on the affective dimension of brand image, whereas functional image has a greater influence on brand loyalty. Furthermore, CSR can be seen as having a direct positive effect on brand loyalty.Research limitations/implicationsIt is necessary to extend this study to other subsectors in the tourism industry and to other Latin American countries. Future research should measure CSR as a formative construct to provide a greater consensus regarding the measurement of this topic. Moreover, the inclusion of new variables in the model would increase its explanatory power.Originality/valueThe principal contribution of this paper is that it provides important insights into the development of efficient strategies to enhance brand image and loyalty through CSR. Findings from this study may be of importance for hotel managers and directors when developing more effective branding strategies.
We are all monsters now!
Authors: Bloom Peter 
Published: September 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate how Marxist accounts of capitalism and capitalists as “vampiric” and “cannibalistic” can challenge the exploitation underlying “monstrosity” of the diverse “liberal organization”.Design/methodology/approach– To bear out this argument, it will critically turn to Marx's original description of capitalism as “vampire” like. It will do so by examining a range of theoretical and existing empirical research related themes of contemporary diversity.Findings– The paper argues that in order to avoid becoming capitalist monsters it is imperative to adopt an explicitly anti-capitalist Marxist perspective centring on themes of a “monstrous” capitalism. Capitalist organizations, not only “suck the blood of workers” but turns them into exploiting vampires, feeding on others for own profit and promotion. Yet it also expands on such readings by emphasizing the liberating possibilities that a more contemporary view of “monsters” stressing radical diversity and difference can make to this Marxist critique.Originality/value– To this end, it illuminates how a perspective uniting these ideals, termed here as a “revolutionary monstrous humanism”, can effectively challenge the dehumanization of managerial control and market ideologies while also fighting for the right of individuals to express their heterogeneous and always evolving unique cultural identities.
Always different?: exploring the monstrous-feminine and maternal embodiment in organisation
Authors: Vachhani Sheena J 
Published: September 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to problematise the notion of woman-as-monster and draws together a conceptual analysis of the monstrous-feminine and its relation to maternal and monstrous bodies including its implications for equality and inclusion in the workplace.Design/methodology/approach– Whilst exploring how female monsters are inextricably tied to their sexual difference, the author draws on social and psychoanalytic perspectives to suggest how such monstrosity is expressed through ambivalence to the maternal. The author analyses two “faces” of the monstrous-feminine in particular: the archaic mother and the monstrous womb (Creed, 1993) and develop this discussion in relation to the potential for a feminist monstrous politics of organisation.Findings– First, the author exposes the basis on which the monstrous-feminine articulates and disarticulates femininity, that is to say, how a feminist analysis of monsters may enable but also foreclose a positive articulation of disruption, disorder and disorganisation central to the conceptualisation of monsters. This is done through a reading of the maternal-feminine and literature on motherhood in organisation studies. Second, the author locates the monstrous-feminine in the body and explores how maternal bodies are constructed and experienced as monstrous as they disrupt the self/other relationship. This analysis suggests that embodying the monster comes with risks and that different configurations of the monstrous maternal are necessary for equality and inclusion in the workplace.Originality/value– The paper identifies and contributes to growing research on the ambivalence of monsters and expands a neglected area of the feminine and maternal aspects of these relationships and what this means for workplace relations.
Monstrous motherhood versus magical maternity? An exploration of conflicting attitudes to maternity within health discourses and organizational settings
Authors: Gatrell Caroline J 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to compare public health discourses on the importance of motherhood with organizational attitudes towards childbearing. It shows how pregnancy and the nurturing of infant children are valorized within public health discourses, which treat pregnancy and new maternity as a miraculous “project”, encouraging mothers to position maternity as central to their lives. By contrast, the paper shows how employers treat pregnancy and new motherhood as inconvenient and messy: as monstrous, at work.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper draws upon a database of qualitative netnographic (or internet-based) research. It analyses netnographic interactions between pregnant and newly maternal women. These virtual data are afforded the same validity as face-to-face research.

Findings
– The paper demonstrates how maternal responsibilities for nurturing pregnancy and infant children, and the bio-medical properties of the maternal body, are central to public health discourses. By contrast, the maternal body is treated within organizations as alien, or monstrous.

Originality/value
– The paper compares and contrasts public health valorizations of motherhood, with organizational tendencies to treat pregnancy/newly maternal bodies as monstrous. It highlights dichotomies faced by employed mothers. A continuing chasm between the social organization of maternity, and the attitudes of employers towards children and maternal bodies, is identified.
Apple was sweeter when Steve Jobs held sway
Authors: Kaliannan Maniam , Ponnusamy Vanitha 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– This paper observes that Apple illustrates the right and wrong ways to bring about organizational change, and emphasizes the key role of personalities in the process.

Design/methodology/approach
– Compares and contrasts the performance of Apple under the leadership of Steve Jobs and John Sculley.

Findings
– Advances the view that Steve Jobs was more successful because he focused on innovation, while John Sculley paid more attention to current products and profitability.

Practical implications
– Describes how the Steve Jobs era saw the introduction of such iconic Apple products as the iPod, iPhone and iPad, which helped the company to gain pre-eminence in its field.

Social implications
– Argues that, in today’s globalized business environment, organizational change is a must. Demonstrates how to achieve this successfully.

Originality/value
– Describes two sides of the Apple story and draws the lessons for other businesses involved in organizational change.
Step by step to better performance
Authors: Mayfield Jacqueline , Mayfield Milton 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to discuss how to foster organizational–citizenship behavior (OCB), which offers benefits including improved competitive advantage and employee welfare.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper defines OCB, discusses its benefits and limitations and offers advice on interventions.

Findings
– It is argued that enhanced OCB can significantly improve organizational performance and employee well-being.

Practical implications
– A framework that could help companies to implement OCB, while recognizing that the circumstances of every business are different has been set out.

Social implications
– This paper reveals why OCB is less common among the millennial generation.

Originality/value
– OCB as a tool to boost employee motivation and to breach the gap created by the disappearing traditional employer–employee psychological contract has been presented.
Surviving downsizing and innovative behaviors: a matter of organizational commitment
Authors: Marques Tânia , Galende Jesús , Cruz Pedro , Portugal Ferreira Manuel 
Published: September 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to analyse the simultaneous effects of perceived job insecurity and organizational commitment on the innovative behavior of workers in an announced downsizing environment.Design/methodology/approach– The authors suggest and empirically test a model using the case of a firm, an innovative high technology firm, in a downsizing process.Findings– The results show an indirect effect of job insecurity on innovative behavior, through organizational commitment.Research limitations/implications– First, the paper only examined one firm. Although the firm is a large multinational firm it may have a specific organizational culture and a track record that generates some idiosyncratic feelings in face of downsizing. Second, the context of knowledge-intensive firms limits the scope of the study, although it is reasonable to suggest that these firms are more dependent on employees’ innovative efforts for competitive advantage.Practical implications– This study is a contribution to the HRM practitioners in a tense and delicate worldwide restructuring situation. The outcomes experienced by those who remain – the survivors – are important for the future competitive capabilities of firms post-downsizing.Social implications– Thus, it seems that organizational commitment directly and positively determines workers’ innovative behavior and that organizational commitment is impacted by job insecurity in an announced downsizing environment. It is, essentially, an affective commitment and job insecurity is more affected by a perceived threat to one’s total job.Originality/value– A downsizing strategy warrants that the full impact on firms’ ability to innovate be assessed.
Enhancing organizational performance of Malaysian SMEs
Authors: Wan Hooi Lai , Sing Ngui Kwang 
Published: September 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine organizational learning (OL) capability as a mediator of the relationship between human resource management (HRM) and performance of Malaysian small and medium enterprises (SMEs).Design/methodology/approach– A cross-sectional design was adopted, where data were collected from a sample of 286 manufacturing and service SMEs, utilizing a survey questionnaire. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling.Findings– Results from a two-stage structural equation modeling analysis suggest that the use of human-capital enhancing HR practices strengthen SMEs’ learning capability. Furthermore, SMEs’ learning capability mediates the effect of the HR practices on firm performance.Research limitations/implications– It uses a cross-sectional design which has prevented the examination of cause and effect relationship between two constructs. It also did not include large organizations in the sample population. It also did not consider other SME contextual variables which may otherwise exert significant impact on OL capability, or moderate the relationship between the constructs under study.Practical implications– A profound understanding of HR practices’ holistic effect on performances would assist organizations to implement strategies to sustain competitive advantage. Company capabilities embedded in employee behavior are less likely to be inimitable and organizations could effectively nurture the needed employee capabilities to achieve the desired performance outcomes.Originality/value– The study advances knowledge on HRM among SMEs by proposing that decisions on selection of HR practices can be guided by the objective of developing the OL capability of the firm.
A composite index for measuring performance in higher education institutions
Authors: Asif Muhammad , Searcy Cory 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– Governments and funders are increasingly linking the funding of higher education institutions (HEIs) to their performance. Performance indicators (PIs) provide a means to measure and track performance of HEIs. The purpose of this paper is to provide a structured framework for mapping out key PIs and developing a composite index for measuring performance in HEIs.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper makes use of the analytic hierarchy process to develop the framework. The application of the framework is demonstrated through a case study.

Findings
– A structured approach to determining key PIs and developing a composite index in HEIs is elaborated. The framework developed in this paper is consensus-based, knowledge-intensive, and allows input to and ownership of the decision process and its output.

Practical implications
– While there are numerous PIs; organizational resources and capabilities to manage these PIs are usually limited. HEIs must manage and improve their performance within their unique contexts. This paper provides a methodology to do so.

Originality/value
– The process of mapping out key PIs and developing composite indices for integrated performance measurement are not adequately understood and need further research. The framework discussed in this paper has not been elaborated on in previous publications.
Selection of single sampling plans by attributes under the conditions of zero-inflated Poisson distribution
Authors: Appaia Loganathan , Kandaswamy Shalini 
Published: September 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to determine single sampling plans (SSPs) by attributes when the number of nonconformities is distributed according to a zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) distribution.Design/methodology/approach– Manufacturing processes have now-a-days been aligned properly and are monitored well, so that the occurrence of nonconformities would be a rare phenomenon. The information related to number of nonconformities per product will have more number of zeros. Under such circumstances, the appropriate probability distribution of the number of nonconformities is a ZIP distribution. The operating characteristic function of the sampling plan is derived.Findings– Parameters of the sampling plans are obtained for some sets of values of (p1,α,p2,β). Numerical examples are given to illustrate the selection of SSPs under ZIP distribution and to study its advantages over Poisson SSP.Originality/value– Results obtained in this paper are original and has been done for the first time in this regard. Parameters of the sampling plans are essential to make decisions either to accept or reject the lots based on the inspection of the samples.