bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A data repository and analysis framework for spontaneous neural activity recordings in developing retina
Authors: Eglen Stephen John , Weeks Michael , Jessop Mark , Simonotto Jennifer , Jackson Tom , Sernagor Evelyne 
Published: March 2014

Abstract

Background:
During early development, neural circuits fire spontaneously, generating activity episodes with complex spatiotemporal patterns. Recordings of spontaneous activity have been made in many parts of the nervous system over the last 25 years, reporting developmental changes in activity patterns and the effects of various genetic perturbations.

Results:
We present a curated repository of multielectrode array recordings of spontaneous activity in developing mouse and ferret retina. The data have been annotated with minimal metadata and converted into HDF5. This paper describes the structure of the data, along with examples of reproducible research using these data files. We also demonstrate how these data can be analysed in the CARMEN workflow system. This article is written as a literate programming document; all programs and data described here are freely available.

Conclusions:
1. We hope this repository will lead to novel analysis of spontaneous activity recorded in different laboratories. 2. We encourage published data to be added to the repository. 3. This repository serves as an example of how multielectrode array recordings can be stored for long-term reuse.
Prevalence, predictors and outcome of hypofibrinogenaemia in trauma: a multicentre observational study
Authors: Hagemo Jostein S , Stanworth Simon , Juffermans Nicole P , Brohi Karim , Cohen Mitchell Jay , Johansson Pär I , Røislien Jo , Eken Torsten , Næss Paal A , Gaarder Christine 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Exsanguination due to trauma-induced coagulopathy is a continuing challenge in emergency trauma care. Fibrinogen is a crucial factor for haemostatic competence, and may be the factor that reaches critically low levels first. Early fibrinogen substitution is advocated by a number of authors. Little evidence exists regarding the indications for fibrinogen supplementation in the acute phase. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of hypofibrinogenaemia in a multi-center trauma population, and to explore how initial fibrinogen concentration relates to outcome. Also, factors contributing to low fibrinogen levels are identified.

Methods
Patients arriving in hospital less than 180 minutes post-injury requiring full trauma team activation in four different centers were included in the study. Time from injury, patient demographics, injury severity scores (ISS) and 28 days outcome status were recorded. Initial blood samples for coagulation and blood gas were analyzed. Generalized additive regression, piecewise linear regression, and multiple linear regression models were used for data analyses.

Results
Out of 1,133 patients we identified a fibrinogen concentration ≤1.5g/L in 8.2%, and <2 g/L in 19.2%. A non-linear relationship between fibrinogen concentration and mortality was detected in the generalized additive and piecewise linear regression models. In the piecewise linear regression model we identified a breakpoint for optimal fibrinogen concentration at 2.29 g/L (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.93 to 2.64). Below this value the odds of death by 28 days was reduced by a factor of 0.08 (95% CI: 0.03 to 0.20) for every unit increase in fibrinogen concentration. Low age, male gender, lengthened time from injury, low base excess and high ISS were unique contributors to low fibrinogen concentrations on arrival.

Conclusions
Hypofibrinogenaemia is common in trauma and strongly associated with poor outcome. Below an estimated critical fibrinogen concentration value of 2.29 g/L a dramatic increase in mortality was detected. This finding indicates that the negative impact of low fibrinogen concentrations may have been previously underestimated. A number of clinically identifiable factors are associated with hypofibrinogenaemia. They should be considered in the management of massively bleeding patients. Interventional trials with fibrinogen substitution in high-risk patients need to be undertaken.
Decreased cardiac excitability secondary to reduction of sodium current may be a significant contributor to reduced contractility in a rat model of sepsis
Authors: Koesters Andrew , Engisch Kathrin L , Rich Mark M 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Multisystem organ failure remains a poorly understood complication of sepsis. During sepsis, reduced excitability contributes to organ failure of skeletal muscle, nerves and the spinal cord. The goal of this study was to determine whether reduced excitability might also contribute to cardiac failure during sepsis.

Methods
Wistar rats were made septic by cecal ligation and puncture. One day later, action potentials were recorded from beating left ventricular papillary muscle ex vivo by impaling myocytes with sharp microelectrodes.

Results
In cardiac papillary muscle from septic rats, action potential amplitude and rate of rise were reduced, while threshold was elevated. These changes in action potential properties suggest sepsis selectively reduces sodium current. To determine the effects of selective reduction in sodium current, we applied tetrodotoxin to papillary muscle from healthy rats and found reduction in action potential amplitude and rate of rise, as well as elevation of threshold. The changes were similar to those triggered by sepsis. Blocking calcium current using nifedipine did not mimic action potential changes induced by sepsis. Contractility of healthy papillary muscle was reduced to 40% of normal following partial block of sodium current by tetrodotoxin, close to the low contractility of septic papillary muscle, which was 30% of normal.

Conclusions
Our data suggest cardiac excitability is reduced during sepsis in rats. The reduction in excitability appears to be primarily due to reduction of sodium current. The reduction in sodium current may be sufficient to explain most of the reduction in cardiac contractility during sepsis.
Circulating Vitamin D, Supplement Use, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: The MrOS Sleep Study
Authors: Bajaj Archna , Stone Katie L. , Peters Katherine , Parimi Neeta , Barrett-Connor Elizabeth , Bauer Doug , Cawthon Peggy M. , Ensrud Kristine E. , Hoffman Andrew R. , Orwoll Eric , Schernhammer Eva S. 
Published: March 2014

Context:
Evidence suggests an inverse association between circulating 25(OH) vitamin D and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Objective:
To determine the association between serum 25(OH) vitamin D and risk for CVD events.

Setting and Design:
From March 2000 to April 2002, participants were recruited for the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study. Between December 2003 and March 2005, members of the MrOS cohort were invited to participate in the MrOS Sleep Study. Participants were recruited from 6 clinical centers across the United States and followed for a mean of 5.9 years. Three-thousand-one-hundred-thirty-five men ages 65 and older were included from the MrOS cohort, of whom 116 were excluded for missing vitamin D or CVD data. Participants were divided into two groups based on serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels, &lt;20 ng/mL and ≥20 ng/mL. Participants were followed for CVD endpoints including coronary heart disease (CHD) and cerebrovascular events. Age- and multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios were calculated and stratified by use of vitamin D containing supplements.

Results:
We observed no significant association between circulating 25(OH) vitamin D and risk of CVD event (HR, 0.91; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.73–1.13) and CHD event (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.61–1.07). For cerebrovascular events, men with vitamin D deficiency exhibited a higher risk (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.00–2.08) using the minimally adjusted model and after excluding supplement users (HR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.02–2.83).

Conclusions:
25(OH) vitamin D was not associated with risk of CVD and CHD events. However, vitamin D deficiency may be associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular events.
Compensation and Peer Effects in Competing Sales Teams
Authors: Chan Tat Y. , Li Jia , Pierce Lamar 
Published: March 2014

This paper examines how compensation systems impact peer effects and competition in collocated sales teams. We use department store sales data to show that compensation systems influence worker incentives to help and compete with peers within the same firm, which in turn changes the capability of the firm to compete with rivals. Compensation also affects how salespeople impact peers at collocated competing firms, thereby impacting market competition. Moreover, compensation influences how salespeople strategically discount prices in response to peers. Our results suggest that heterogeneity in worker ability enhances firm performance under team-based compensation while hurting individual-based firms and that peer interactions are critical considerations in designing sales force incentive plans and broader firm strategy. This paper was accepted by Bruno Cassiman, business strategy.
Differences in Trading and Pricing Between Stock and Index Options
Authors: Lemmon Michael , Ni Sophie Xiaoyan 
Published: March 2014

We find that the demand for stock options that increases exposure to the underlying is positively related to the individual investor sentiments and past market returns, whereas the demand for index options is invariant to these factors. These differences in trading patterns are also reflected in the differences in the composition of traders with different types of options—options on stocks are actively traded by individual investors, whereas trades in index options are more often motivated by the hedging demand of sophisticated investors. Consistent with a demand-based view of option pricing, the individual investor sentiments and past market returns are related to time-series variations in the slope of the implied volatility smile of stock options, but they have little impact on the prices of index options. The pricing impact is more pronounced in options with a higher concentration of unsophisticated investors and those with higher delta hedging costs. Our results provide evidence that factors not related to fundamentals also impact security prices. This paper was accepted by Brad Barber, finance.
An Embodied Approach to the Study of Media Forms: Introducing a Social Scientific Component to Medium Theory
Authors: Holbert R. Lance 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
This article develops a social scientific approach for the empirical testing of media as environment form effects. The theoretical origins of this work merges McLuhan’s thoughts on micro-level media form influence and recent advances in the study of embodied cognition. A social scientific assessment of medium theory is provided, followed by an overview of an embodied approach to the study of media forms. The major concepts of the theory are defined, and the processes by which the physical environments created by media help to shape form-based cognitive schemata are detailed. Eight axioms are presented that form a basis for an embodied approach to the study of media forms, and an outline is provided for how media scholars can begin a more systematic empirical examination of media as environment form effects at the individual level of analysis.
Desire and the ‘Deconstructionist’: Adaptation as writerly praxis
Authors: Messier Vartan 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Directed by Spike Jonze and written by Charlie Kaufmann, Adaptation is a semi-fictitious narrative of Kaufman’s effort to adapt Susan Orlean’s The Orchid Thief (1998) for the screen. Interrelating Barthes critiques of authorship/authority and the readerly/writerly with adaptation theory, this article demonstrates how the film performs an immanent critique of the process of adaptation by laying bare its practical, theoretical, and political implications. I argue that whereas the screenwriter is a traditionally absent figure in adaptation criticism, his self-reflexive presence in the film hijacks both interpretation and critique by deconstructing the filmic adaptation process through writerly praxis. The critical exploration of the binaries of text and adaptation, reader and writer, fact and fiction, work and theory is made possible by the figuration of Kaufmann who, as a Barthesian reader in the throes of the reading and writing processes, writes himself into the story and projects his desires onto the screen, thereby undermining all authoritative claims on the original text and its interpretation.
Dynamics Model and Control of High-Speed Supercavitating Vehicles Incorporated with Time-Delay
Authors: Li Daijin , Luo Kai , Huang Chuang , Dang Jianjun , Zhang Yuwen 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
High-Speed Supercavitating Vehicles (HSSVs) are characterized by substantially reduced hydrodynamic drag from the fully wetted underwater vehicles. Drag is localized at the nose, where a cavitator generates a cavity that completely envelops the body. In this paper, a vertical plane model incorporated with time-delay effect (memory effect of cavity-vehicle interaction) is developed. Unlike previous models, the authors focus on the immersion angle between supercavity and vehicle used to determine the planing force. Stability analyses are carried out with the delay-dependent pitch-plane model. And a key problem is shown that this time-delay leads to destabilization of limit-cycle motion. A new PID control-algorithm with up-and-down rudder mode is designed, demonstrated by both numerical and experimental studies. The research may be useful for developing the trajectory control system of HSSVs.
The methanol-soluble fraction of Millettia macrophylla (Fabaceae) stem bark endowed with estrogenic properties has adverse effects on the male reproductive system of Wistar rats
Authors: Zingue Stéphane , Nde Chantal Beatrice Magne , Njamen Dieudonné 
Published: March 2014

Abstract

Background: The use of traditional medicinal plants to treat various diseases is common in Sub-Saharan African countries, including Cameroon. Millettia macrophylla, one of such plants, was previously found to exhibit estrogenic properties in female Wistar rats. However, its effects on the male reproductive system are unknown. Based on literature evidence that phytoestrogens impair male sexual behavior, we aimed at assessing the effect of the extracts of M. macrophylla stem bark on the male reproductive system of Wistar rats.

Materials and methods: We evaluated the effects of the dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH) soluble fractions of M. macrophylla stem bark on male rat sexual behavior, as well as androgen-dependent parameters for 60 days.

Results: Data showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the wiring-touch frequency, mount frequency, intromission frequency, ejaculatory frequency, penile-licking frequency, and computed indices of sexual behavior, throughout the experimental period, as well as a significant increase (p<0.001) in mount, intromission, and ejaculatory latencies as well as post-ejaculatory interval. Moreover, we observed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the androgen-dependent sexual parameters evaluated. The DCM extract did not induce significant effects on the assessed parameters.

Conclusions: These results suggest that long-term exposure to the estrogenic MeOH fraction of M. macrophylla stem bark negatively alters sexual behavior and spermatogenesis.
A classification of right-angled Coxeter groups with no 3-flats and locally connected boundary
Authors: Camp Wes , Mihalik Michael 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
If (W,S) is a right-angled Coxeter system and W has no ℤ3 subgroups, then it is shown that the absence of an elementary separation property in the presentation diagram for (W,S) implies all CAT(0) spaces acted on geometrically by W have locally connected CAT(0) boundary. It was previously known that if the presentation diagram of a general right-angled Coxeter system satisfied the separation property, then all CAT(0) spaces acted on geometrically by W have non-locally connected boundary. In particular, this gives a complete classification of the right-angled Coxeter groups with no 3-flats and with locally connected boundary.
Crystal structure of bis((dimethylphosphoryl)methanaminium) hexachloridoiridate( IV), C6H22Cl6IrN2O2P2
Authors: Kessler Denise , Reiss Guido J. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract C6H22Cl6IrN2O2P2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 7.1388(3) Å, b = 13.7576(5) Å, c = 10.0474(4) Å, β = 104.972(4)°, V = 953.3 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0150, wRref(F2) = 0.0384, T = 295 K.
Crystal structure of iron(II)-benzenedisulfonate-triaqua-bis(Nmethylpyrrolidone), Fe(BDS)(H2O)3(NMP)2, C16H28FeN2O11S2
Authors: Zitzer Christina , Muesmann Thomas W. T. , Christoffers Jens , Wickleder Mathias S. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract C16H28FeN2O11S2, monoclinic, Pc (no. 7), a = 14.6849(5) Å, b = 7.7856(2) Å, c = 20.1174(7) Å, β = 98.020(2)°, V = 2277.6 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0346, wRref(F2) = 0.0675, T = 120 K.
Crystal structure of trans-[1,3-bis(9-benzyl-9H-fluoren-9-yl) benzimidazol-2-ylidene] pyridine palladium(II) dichloride, C52H39Cl2N3Pd
Authors: Teci Matthieu , Brenner Eric , Matt Dominique , Toupet Loïc 
Published: March 2014

Abstract C52H39Cl2N3Pd, tetragonal, I41/a (no. 88), a = 40.0310(3) Å, c = 10.4211(1) Å, V = 16699.6 Å3, Z = 16, Rgt(F) = 0.0292, wRref(F2) = 0.0709, T = 120 K.
Silk sericin/poly (NIPAM/LMSH) nanocomposite hydrogels: Rapid thermo-responsibility and good carrier for cell proliferation
Authors: Zhang Qingsong , Xue Rui , Li Xuewei , Wang Zheng , Zhou Zhiyi , Chen Li 
Published: March 2014

AbstractTo overcome the fragility of chemical cross-linked hydrogel and improve the cell compatibility of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel, physical cross-linker lithium magnesium silicate hydrate (LMSH) and silk sericin (SS) created by Bombyx mori (silkworms) were adopted as physical cross-linker and biocompatible monomer to prepare SS/poly(NIPAM/LMSH) nanocomposite hydrogels. The temperature sensitivity and cytocompatibility like mouse ﬁbroblasts (L929) cell proliferation and desorption were investigated. Depending on SS content, the resultant nanocomposite hydrogels present bigger volume and rapid thermo-responsibility. The volume-phase transmittance temperature (VPTT) of SS/poly(NIPAM/LMSH) nanocomposite hydrogels increases from 32.12 to 33.34 °C with the introduction of SS content. Compared to pure poly(NIPAM/LMSH) nanocomposite hydrogel, MTT and SEM graphs have proved that the incorporation of SS could accelerate cell adhesion, spreading and detachment of L929 cells on the surface of SS/poly(NIPAM/LMSH) nanocomposite hydrogels. On culturing 5d, L929 cells have covered the whole surface of SS/poly(NIPAM/LMSH) nanocomposite hydrogels. By reducing temperature from 37 to 15 °C, L929 cells on the surface of SS/poly(NIPAM/LMSH) nanocomposite hydrogels detach spontaneously and harvested L929 cells still keep better cell activity than that via enzymatic digestion.
Consolidation Analysis by the Modified Slope Method
Authors: Al-Zoubi Mohammed Shukri 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The slope method (Al-Zoubi, 2008, Geotech. Test. J., Vol. 31, No. 6, pp. 526–530) in which the coefficient of consolidation cv was expressed as function of the EOP settlement δp and slope m of the initial linear portion of the observed δt − √t curve is modified for improving the procedure used for estimating the EOP δp. The slope method EOP δp values were estimated using the point at which δt − √t curve starts to deviate from the initial linear portion. In this note, the EOP δp is determined based on a unique relationship between the ratio of the secant slope of δt − √t curve at 50 % consolidation to the secant slope at any time arbitrarily selected beyond the initial linear portion of the δt − √t curve (theoretically, at U ≥ 52.6%) and average degree of consolidation U. The modified slope method requires a minimum of four compression-time data points for better cv estimates. Two types of EOP settlement are identified; local EOP settlement δpi is obtained at a specific Ui value as is the case in the Taylor method and global EOP settlement δp is determined independently of any U value. The modified slope method yields δp and cv values quite similar to those of the Casagrande method.
Experimental Study of Soil Water Migration in Freezing Process
Authors: Mao Xuesong , Miller Carol , Hou Zhongjie , Khandker Abdul , Xiao Xuan 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Soil water migration is a significant factor in the development of subgrade ice layers in permafrost areas. The prediction of moisture inflow to the freezing zone is an important element in the design and analysis of robust highway subgrade in permafrost regions. In order to better understand moisture inflow to the freezing zone, we designed an experimental investigation to monitor the variation of water content and temperature in freezing soil. Identical experiments were conducted using three different soil types: clay, silt, and fine sand. Moisture was supplied from the sample base while the column was maintained at a constant nonfreezing temperature and moisture equilibration was achieved. A temperature gradient was then applied to the sample via the application of a subfreezing temperature at the column surface. The changes in the temperature and water content of the sample were measured at regular time intervals. Based on the freezing rate, the freezing process can be classified into three stages: the quick frost stage, the transition frost stage, and the stable frost stage. During the freezing process, the inflow rates increased as the thickness of the ice lens increased. When the maximum rate was reached, the final (maximum) thickness of the ice lens was attained. Subsequently, the water inflow rates decreased. All of the water supplied from the bottom of the sample flowed into the frost section during the freezing process, with the moisture contents in the lower portion remaining relatively unchanged. The segregation potential changed with the freezing rate and soil type. This paper proposes the concept of “generalized segregation potential” to extend the traditional segregation potential concept. The use of this new concept with an existing moisture inflow prediction model provided excellent correspondence to measured inflow rates for all three study soils in the early and late stages of the test but overpredicted the inflow rates in the mid-range of the test.
A Novel Method to Determine Material Properties and Residual Stresses Simultaneously Using Spherical Indentation
Authors: Mahmoudi A. H. , Ghanbari-Matloob M. , Nourbakhsh S. H. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Spherical indentation is one of the non-destructive techniques that has gained great interest among researchers in recent years. Spherical indentation is inexpensive and quick and can provide a fairly accurate estimation of in-plane residual stresses. This method has typically been used to characterize material properties. However, the application of the technique to measure residual stresses has also been practiced. In this paper, the parameters of Hollomon’s equation and residual stresses were determined using the load–penetration (P–h) curve technique obtained from a single loading-unloading spherical indentation test. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) were employed to achieve the best results from the data. Neural networks are trained using the data from a series of finite element analyses. An exponential equation is then fitted to the loading curve. Having the fitted equation and the trained neural networks, the residual stresses and the material characteristics were found simultaneously. An important benefit of this method was that it could be used with no requirement for a reference stress-free sample.