bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lectura Dantis: Inferno XVII
Authors: Meier Franziska 
Published: August 2014

Riassunto
Questa Lectura Dantis dedicata al XVII canto dell’Inferno parte dall’interpretazione poetologica del mostro Gerione che Zygmunt Barański ne ha dato. A differenza di Barański, tuttavia, la lectura mette l’accento sul fatto, alquanto sorprendente, che Dante insista sulla verità del suo poema proprio nel momento in cui si avvicina al mondo della frode, rappresentato e sorvegliato da Gerione. In un primo momento, l’analisi mette a fuoco le diverse strategie per descrivere il carattere contradditorio del mostro e la confusione che suscita nel protagonista. In un secondo momento viene focalizzata la presenza di colori chiari e risplendenti, sia su una parte del corpo di Gerione, che sugli stemmi degli usurai, inusuali nel regno infernale, contraddistinto dalla mancanza di luce; luce considerata all’epoca imprescindibile per il manifestarsi dei colori. La lectura definisce l’uso dei colori come metafora con cui Dante cerca di rendere palpabile la superbia e l’abuso della ragione umana - il dono più importante di Dio - da parte della frode. Inoltre, la metafora permette una riflessione sull’impiego dei mezzi estetici, cioè dei colori pittorici e retorici. I colori che risplendono senza luce rappresentano il rischio di una autonomia dei mezzi poetici che mette a repentaglio l’impegno dantesco di trasmettere in una lingua secolare la verità e la volontà divina. Il fatto che Dante abbia svolto questa riflessione poetica riguardo ai colori, non è solo frutto della metafisica della luce che pervade il pensiero del Duecento ma, soprattutto, del rinnovamento della pittura italiana che potrebbe averlo spinto a ripensare l’ardua sfida del suo poema sacro.
Eine Enzyklopädie zwischen Wissen und Weisheit: Brunetto Latinis Tresor (1260)
Authors: Neumeister Sebastian 
Published: August 2014

Riassunto
Nel canto XV dell’Inferno il poeta incontra il suo maestro di studi Brunetto Latini. Brunetto gli profetizza l’esilio e gli raccomanda il suo Tesoro. Più che il Tesoretto il Tesoro, poema allegorico di tremila versi, fa di Brunetto Latini una figura importante del pensiero occidentale. Se il Tesoretto dipende ancora dai modelli cosmografici medievali, il Tesoro promulga principi politici e morali più moderni basati sull’etica aristotelica e la retorica ciceroniana. Nel secondo e terzo libro del Tesoro la vita civile e il governo delle città sono oggetti molto più importanti di quanto non lo sia la descrizione scientifica del mondo nel primo libro. Il fatto che il Tesoro sia un testo scritto in prosa francese prova meno che Brunetto Latini si rivolga ai cittadini dei comuni della Francia settentrionale, dove si conservano ancora più di cinquanta manoscritti del Tesoro, ma piuttosto come pensi a Charles d’Anjou, il nuovo podestà di Firenze dopo la conquista della città nel 1267, avvenimento che permetterà a Brunetto Latini di ritornare in patria e di diventare maestro di Dante.
Welche Vorstellung hatte Johan Huizinga von Dante?
Authors: Krumm Christian 
Published: August 2014

Riassunto
Per Johan Huizinga, lʼopera di Dante rappresentava un culmine della cultura medievale. Lo storico olandese non compì mai ricerche pertinenti su Dante - eppure questa convinzione esercitò unʼinfluenza decisiva sul suo studio della cultura tardomedievale e rinascimentale. Il rapporto particolare che legò Huizinga allʼopera dantesca si spiega grazie alla sua ammirazione per il patriotismo appassionato di Dante ed alla sua rappresentazione dellʼamor cortese, in cui Huizinga stesso vide la forma più sublime dellʼamore.
Zwischen Sinnsubversion und -konstitution: Echenoz’ (post)moderne Version der Divina Commedia
Authors: Frings Susanna 
Published: August 2014

Riassunto
Il contributo mette in luce il modo complesso in cui lʼautore francese Jean Echenoz integra, nel suo romanzo Au piano, un intertesto proveniente dalla Divina Commedia. Tuttavia il romanzo vieta o sovverte ironicamente qualsiasi tentativo di stabilire un significato motivato da tale intertestualità. Secondo lʼinterpretazione qui proposta, lʼautore riflette in tal modo non solo sulla perdita della possibilità, da parte della letteratura, di affrontare i grandi temi dellʼesistenza umana, ma anche sul modo in cui il presente postmoderno si ripercuote sul sentire etico e metafisico del soggetto.
Voltage-dependent anion channels: the wizard of the mitochondrial outer membrane
Authors: Mertins Barbara , Psakis Georgios , Essen Lars-Oliver 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Voltage dependent anion channels (VDACs) are the most abundant proteins in the outer mitochondrial membrane. Although they are essential in metabolite exchange, cell defense and apoptosis, the molecular mechanism of these VDAC-mediated processes remains elusive. Here we review recent progress in terms of VDACs’ structure and regulation, with a special focus on the molecular aspects of gating and the interaction with effector proteins.
A Comparison of Movement Imagery Ability Self-Report and Imagery Use in a Motor Task: A Preliminary Investigation
Authors: Gabbard Carl P. , Lee Jihye 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The present study used the Movement Imagery Questionnaire (MIQ-3) to determine the relationship between self-report movement imagery ability and performance on a motor task requiring use of visual and kinesthetic imagery. Young adults were asked to view a number sequence of 4- and 5 digits, maintain the information over a 6 s delay (blank screen) using visual imagery maintenance, and complete the sequence by finger-tapping complementary numbers using motor (kinesthetic) imagery and actually executing movements. We predicted higher movement imagery ability scores would be associated with faster movement times, and imagery ability would be significantly related to the motor tasks. Correlation results indicated no significant differences between self-report and finger-tapping scores, suggesting that in the context of the motor tasks used here, performance was independent of movement imagery ability. Discussion of this preliminary study focuses on the role of visual working memory in the motor task used here and its lack of assessment using the MIQ-3 and other current self-reports.
Empirically Investigating a Hybrid Lean-Agile Design Paradigm for Mobile Robots
Authors: Elmoselhy Salah A.M. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractLean design and agile design paradigms have been proposed for designing robots; yet, none of them could strike a balance between cost-effectiveness and short duration of the design process without compromising the quality of performance. The present article identifies the key determinants of the mobile robots development process. It also identifies empirically the mobile robot design activities and strategies with the most influence on mobile robot performance. The study identified statistically the mobile robot design activities and strategies most positively correlated with mobile robot performance. The results showed that 65% of typical mobile robot design activities and strategies are affiliated with the lean design paradigm, while the remaining 35% are affiliated with the agile design paradigm. In addition, it was found that 22% of the lean mobile robot design activities and strategies and 25% of the agile mobile robot design activities and strategies, significantly with 99% confidence, are among the design activities and strategies most positively correlated with improving mobile robot performance. A hybrid lean-agile design paradigm is thus proposed.
Anti-Mullerian hormone levels in American girls by age and race/ethnicity
Authors: Elchuri Swati V. , Patterson Briana C. , Brown Milton R. , Buchanan Iris , Mertens Ann C. , Meacham Lillian R. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

Background: Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH), a proposed indicator of ovarian follicle reserve in adults, has not been characterized in pediatric and adolescent females by race and/or ethnicity.

Objectives: To describe AMH levels in healthy American girls and determine the influence of age and race/ethnicity on AMH.

Subjects: Subjects aged 10–21 years were recruited from primary care settings and emergency departments. Race/ethnicity was characterized as White, Black or Hispanic.

Methods: Serum for AMH levels (ng/mL) was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results: Thirty-one White, 60 Black and 24 Hispanic subjects were recruited. Mean AMH levels were 3.19 ng/mL (22.8 pmol/L) (SD 2.12) for Whites, 3.25 ng/mL (23.2 pmol/L) (SD 2.23) for Blacks and 2.97 ng/mL (21.2 pmol/L) (SD 1.75) for Hispanics. ANCOVA showed no difference in AMH levels among race/ethnicities, controlling for age (p=0.91). Age was significantly associated with AMH (p<0.001, R2=0.12).

Conclusion: AMH levels do not vary by race/ethnicity, and AMH levels increase with age.
Investigation on wear properties of AZ31-MWCNT nanocomposites fabricated through mechanical alloying and powder metallurgy
Authors: Jayaraman Jayakumar , Kuppusamy Raghunath , Rao Hanumantha 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The wear properties of Mg alloy AZ31 (Al 3%, Zn 1%, rest Mg) nanocomposites reinforced with multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were studied by conducting experiments on pin-on-disc wear test apparatus. The composites were fabricated by powder metallurgy technique by homogeneously reinforcing variable percentages of MWCNTs (0.33 wt%, 0.66 wt%, and 1.0 wt%) into Mg alloy AZ31 matrix through mechanical alloying. The effect of varying percentages of MWCNTs on the wear properties of AZ31-MWCNT nanocomposites and the mechanism behind that were investigated through scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscope analysis. The microstructure investigation revealed that an increase in reinforcement of MWCNTs in AZ31 alloy increased the hardness and reduced the wear rate of the composites with 0.33 wt% and 0.66 wt% due to homogeneous distribution and high interfacial strength between AZ31 and MWCNTs. However, with the addition of 1.0 wt% MWCNTs to AZ31 alloy led to high agglomeration of MWCNTs, resulting in poor interfacial strength and weak bonding between AZ31 and conglomerated MWCNTs, subsequently increasing the wear rate.
Direct Heteroarylation Polymerization of Low Bandgap Thiophene-Based Conjugated Polymers
Authors: Yoon Jiyeon , Jang Se Hyun , Kim Sang Yong , Kwon Sun Jae , Guo Jing , Kwon Yong Ku 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTDirect heteroarylation polymerization was employed to synthesize a novel low bandgap polymer, used as a p-type material of polymer photovoltaic cells. To achieve low bandgap of conjugated polymers, electron donor-acceptor (D-A) alternating strategy was used. The electron-donating 3-alkylthiophene and electron-withdrawing cyanothiophene were coupled to be polymerized via direct heteroarylation polymerization. The cyano moiety of the polymer backbone allowed a strong intermolecular interaction between neighboring chains and improved the structural perfection of the crystal structure on the substrate. The solar cell devices of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT:PCBM/LiF/Al were fabricated on ITO-coated glass substrate.
Preparation and Characterization of Alginate Electrospun Nanofibers
Authors: Oh Tae H. , Seo Young H. , Cha Jin W. , Im Young M. , Hwang Jun S. , Nathanael Joseph A. , Kim Ssang S. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTTo modify the rigid structure of alginate, polyvinyl alcohol was mixed. Rheological properties and viscoelastic properties of the polymer blend solution were investigated. Complex and shear viscosity and tangent delta of the solution were obtained to find optimum condition of spinning dope. Effect of blend ratio on morphology and property change was investigated.
The Effect of Multiple Interfaces on the Electrical Properties of MgO/Al2O3 Multilayer Gate Stacks on Si Grown by MBE
Authors: Su Chen-Yi , Menghini Mariela , Seo Jin Won , Locquet Jean-Pierre 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTHigh-κ and metal gate structures have been used to improve the performance of CMOS devices. By changing the materials and structures of the gate dielectric stacks, the flatband voltage (VFB) and the leakage can be changed. We used bilayers and multilayer structures composed of MgO and Al2O3 to verify their influence on the overall electrical properties. Films with an MgO bottom layer generally are found with less flatband voltage shift and lower leakage than with an Al2O3 bottom layer. Also, the frequency dispersion and the interface state density (Dit) are higher for those with MgO bottom layers. MgO films thicker than 0.5 nm effectively shields the positive charges present in the Al2O3.
Magnetic and optical properties of Mn-doped SnO2 films
Authors: Lekshmy S.Sujatha , Anitha V.S , Joy K. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTMagnetic nanoparticles have drawn much attention due to their potential in magnetic recording as well as many biological and medical applications such as magnetic separation, hyperthermia treatment, magnetic resonance contrast enhancement and drug delivery. The magnetic fields generated by these nanoparticles can be used for diagnostics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) etc. Manganese doped tin dioxide (SnO2:Mn) possess interesting physical and chemical properties. The physical and chemical properties of the particles themselves like the size, shape, crystallinity and composition, will control the magnetic properties and response of the particles to magnetic fields. Our work is rooted to control the properties of the particles as well as tailor their magnetic properties for specific applications. In this study, SnO2: Mn films with different Mn doping concentrations (0-3 mol%) were deposited on the glass substrates by sol-gel dip coating technique. XRD patterns shows tetragonal structure for all the SnO2:Mn films and crystallite size decreased as Mn doping concentration increased from 0 - 3 mol%. The magnetic property shows that pure SnO2 film is diamagnetic and 1- 3 mol% SnO2:Mn films posses room temperature ferromagnetism. The optical properties of the films revealed that transmittance of the films decreased with increase in Mn doping concentration. The optical energy band gap values (3.55 eV-3.71 eV) increased with the increase in Mn doping concentrations. Such SnO2:Mn films with structural, optical and magnetic properties can be used as dilute magnetic semiconductors.
Characterization and Functional Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes in Bgt‐inoculated Wheat Near‐Isogenic Lines by cDNA‐AFLP and VIGS
Authors: Li Chen , Liu Xiaoying , Fan Baoli , Wang Zhenying , Peng Yongkang , Dang Chen , Xie Chaojie , Liu Zhiyong 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTDifferential gene expression after Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) infection was compared in near‐isogenic lines (NILs) differing in powdery mildew resistance. RNA from Bgt‐inoculated and Bgt‐uninoculated (control) NILs was used for cDNA‐AFLP analysis. A total of 6644 highly reproducible fragments in the Bgt‐inoculated NIL and 6255 fragments in the control were generated with 60 primer pairs. Forty‐two differential expression fragments (DEFs) produced reliable sequences. Sequence comparison using the National Center for Biotechnology Information database with the basic local alignment search tool (BLASTn) showed that 31 DEFs shared significant similarities with genes known to be involved in disease/defense, energy metabolism, transcription, secondary metabolism, or signal transduction. DEF38 and DEF3 were selected based on their sequence similarity to genes with known functions, and their transcriptional levels were assayed using semi‐quantitative RT‐PCR for the resistant NIL and the susceptible Jing 411 (control) sampled from the same treatment. The expression levels of DEF38 in the NIL were 1.5‐, 2.8‐, and 3.1‐ fold higher after inoculation at 8, 12, and 24 h, respectively, than those in Jing 411. DEF3 was also induced, and a significant expression change was observed in the NIL after Bgt infection. DEF38 contained a serine threonine protein kinase (STPK) domain, and was highly homologous to a stem rust‐resistant gene (Rpg5) in barley. A virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) system was used to evaluate the function of DEF38. The result indicated that the decreased expression of DEF38 in BSMV:STPK‐DEF38‐treated seedlings compromised NIL resistance to Bgt. Multiple genes were involved in the response to Bgt infection, and disease resistance genes might play a key role in NILs.
Musa spp. Germplasm Management: Microsatellite Fingerprinting of USDA–ARS National Plant Germplasm System Collection
Authors: Irish Brian M. , Cuevas Hugo E. , Simpson Sheron A. , Scheffler Brian E. , Sardos Julie , Ploetz Randy , Goenaga Ricardo 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThe USDA–ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station (TARS) is responsible for conserving germplasm of a number of important agricultural crop species. Its banana (Musa spp.) collection is comprised of diploid, triploid, and tetraploid accessions of cultivated, ornamental, wild, and synthetic hybrid accessions. To estimate genetic diversity, identify gaps, determine integrity, and generate clonal reference multilocus DNA profiles for a total of 175 accessions in the collection, a set of 22 microsatellite markers developed in the framework of the Generation Challenge Program (www.generationcp.org/, accessed 30 June 2014) by Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement and recommended by the Global Musa Genomics Consortium were screened with an additional 15 reference DNA samples. Twenty‐one of the 22 microsatellite markers amplified well and generated a total of 302 alleles with an average number of 14.4 alleles per locus. In general, profiles were reproducible and consistent for the 21 loci when clonal field and tissue culture plants were compared with reference samples. The average number of alleles and gene diversity estimates demonstrated substantial genetic diversity in the collection. Principal coordinate and cluster analyses grouped accessions in the collection according to their ploidy level and genomic compositions. Markers that were used in the study distinguished accessions to the subgroup level and identified mislabeled accessions, notably in the tissue culture collection where phenotypic differences are difficult to observe. The accessions and fingerprint profiles for the TARS collection are available through the USDA National Plant Germplasm System, Germplasm Resource Information Network (GRIN‐Global) database www.ars‐grin.gov/ (accessed 30 June 2014).
New Loci Including Pse‐6 Conferring Resistance to Halo Bacterial Blight on Chromosome Pv04 in Common Bean
Authors: Miklas Phillip N. , Fourie Deidré , Trapp Jennifer , Davis Joel , Myers James R. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTHalo bacterial blight caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola (Psp) is a serious seed‐borne disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The disease can be controlled by major resistance (R) genes effective against specific races of the pathogen. Our objective was to characterize the R gene(s) conferring resistance to Psp Races 1, 5, 7, and 9 in the great northern dry bean germplasm release BelNeb‐RR‐1. A recombinant inbred population consisting of 76 F9–derived lines (RILs) from the cross BelNeb‐RR‐1/A55 was inoculated with Races 1, 5, 7, and 9 and genotyped with 5398 single nucleotide polymorphism markers. Resistance to Races 1, 5, 7, and 9 cosegregated with each other and mapped to the proximal end of Pv04 in a known region of R genes that condition resistance to bean anthracnose and bean rust. Location on Pv04, combined with F2 allelism tests, confirmed the presence of a new gene, Pse‐6, for halo blight resistance. We mapped other unnamed R genes to proximal end of Pv04 that were segregating in Minuette/OSU5630 and Raven/I9365‐31 RIL populations and that conditioned resistance to Psp Race 7 and Race 1, respectively. A second R gene, Pse‐4, conditioning resistance solely to Race 5, was detected in BelNeb‐RR‐1 and tentatively positioned on chromosome Pv10. A sequence‐characterized amplified region marker SB10.550 tightly linked (1.4 cM) with Pse‐6 was generated for potential use in marker‐assisted selection for resistance to halo bacterial blight.
Increased Serum Calcium Levels and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Individuals at High Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Becerra-Tomás Nerea , Estruch Ramón , Bulló Mònica , Casas Rosa , Díaz-López Andrés , Basora Josep , Fitó Montserrat , Serra-Majem Lluis , Salas-Salvadó Jordi 
Published: August 2014

OBJECTIVE
Insulin resistance and secretion depend on calcium homeostasis. Cross-sectional studies have associated elevated serum calcium levels with markers of impaired glucose metabolism. However, only one prospective cohort study has demonstrated an increased risk of diabetes in individuals with increased serum calcium concentrations. The aim of the current study was to prospectively investigate the association between albumin-adjusted serum calcium concentrations and type 2 diabetes in subjects at high cardiovascular risk.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Prospective assessment of participants from two Spanish PREDIMED study centers where serum calcium levels were measured at baseline and yearly during follow-up. Multivariate-adjusted Cox regression models were fitted to assess associations between baseline and changes during follow-up in serum calcium levels and relative risk of diabetes incidence.

RESULTS
After a median follow-up of 4.78 years, 77 new cases of type 2 diabetes occurred. An increase in serum calcium levels during follow-up was related to an increased risk of diabetes. In comparison with individuals in the lowest tertile (−0.78 ± 0.29 mg/dL), the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI for diabetes incidence in individuals in the higher tertile of change (0.52 ± 0.13 mg/dL) during follow-up was 3.48 (95% CI 1.48–8.17; P for trend = 0.01). When albumin-adjusted serum calcium was analyzed as a continuous variable, per 1 mg/dL increase, the HR of diabetes incidence was 2.87 (95% CI 1.18–6.96; P value = 0.02). These associations remained significant after individuals taking calcium supplements or having calcium levels out of normal range had been excluded.

CONCLUSIONS
An increase in serum calcium concentrations is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in individuals at high cardiovascular risk.
Long-Term Measurments of Atmospheric Mercury Species (TGM, TPM) and Hg Deposition in the Silesian Region, Poland – Concept of the Mercury Deposition Coefficient
Authors: Nowak Bartosz , Korszun-Kłak Katarzyna , Zielonka Urszula 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The aim of this work was to identify concentration levels of different chemical forms of mercury (TGM, TPM) in the ambient air in selected areas of the Silesian Region, characterized by low and high mercury emission. Based on the obtained data TGM and TPM concentration levels were determined. The project also focused on determination of dry and wet deposition of mercury compounds. Data concerning TGM and TPM flux rates in the ambient air and data on mercury deposition were used to determine a deposition coefficient. The coefficient was calculated as a share of mercury deposition on the land surface (dry and wet) to the amount of this contaminant transported with loads of air in the form of TGM and TPM in a given measurement station. At both monitoring stations the deposition coefficient did not exceed 0.2 %. The idea of calculating the deposition coefficient based on the analysis of TGM and TPM flux rate is a new solution. The proposed deposition coefficient allows to quantify information on a selected contaminant concentration and its potential impact resulting from deposition. Further studies on the deposition coefficient may contribute to the development of methods for estimating the impact of contaminants contained in the ambient air on other environmental components based on the analyses of the contaminant flux rate.