bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lichens of Sokółka (Podlasie, NE Poland) as indicators of the state of air pollution / Porosty Sokółki (Podlasie, Polska NE) jako wskaźniki zanieczyszczenia powietrza
Authors: Matwiejuk Anna , Kałuska Agnieszka 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Monitoring of lichens as bioindicators of air pollution has been conducted in Sokółka. On the basis of the occurrence of indicator epiphytic and epilithic lichen species, the scale of lichen sensitivity for the city has been developed and lichen zones have been designated. The zone pattern was not of insular character, and as a result there was no “total lichen desert”. The distribution of lichen zones reflects the intensity of anthropogenic pressure within the town. The least favourable conditions for lichen growth have been recorded in the town centre, while the green areas have shown the most beneficial impact on the lichen test sites
Biofortifcation of Wheat Grain with Copper Through Soil Fertilization
Authors: Korzeniowska Jolanta , Kantek Katarzyna 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In recent years, in the literature, there have been frequent reports of insuffcient amounts of copper in the diet of various groups of the inhabitants of our country. This is disturbing as the adequate input of copper is signifcant from the point of view of prevention of cardiovascular diseases. At the same time, grain of wheat cultivated in Poland is characterized by low content of this element. Considering that the main source of Cu is bread and cereal preparations, the important issue is to increase the content of Cu in the grain of wheat. If the defciency in the diet is accompanied by the defciencies in the soil, biofortifcation through fertilization is a favourable solution. Pot experiments have shown the pos-sibility to signifcantly increase Cu content in the grain of wheat as a result of soil fertilization with copper. It was also found that a small difference between the defciency and surplus of Cu in the grain may lead to some copper excess content, especially on the soils with low organic matter content. For this reason, biofortifcation of wheat with copper requires a precise determination of soil fertilization doses under the conditions of feld experiments.
Comparison of Total Content of Zinc and Arsenic in Soils of Średzka Upland and Wrocław Ice-Marginal Valley
Authors: Kaszubkiewicz Jarosław , Pora Ewa , Kawałko Dorota , Jezierski Paweł , Gałka Bernard 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The aim of this study was to demonstrate that alluvial sediments of Wrocław ice-marginal Valley are characterized by higher con-centrations of metallic elements in relation to the adjacent areas of different soil cover genesis.
Studies of zinc and arsenic content in soils were carried out in six municipalities of Średzki district. A total of 117 soil samples from arable land was collected: 80 from Średzka Upland and 37 from Wrocław ice-marginal Valley
The process of accumulation of heavy metals in alluvial sediments in the Wocław ice-marginal Valley is so effective that, despite the heavier grain size composition of the soil cover immediately adjacent to Średzka Upland, zinc and arsenic concentrations are higher in the alluvial soils.
Influence of Cultivar and UGmax on Antioxidative Properties of Carrot Roots (Daucus Carota L.) and their Stability During Freezing Process
Authors: Keutgen Anna J. , Wszelaczyńska Elżbieta , Pobereżny Jarosław 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In the present experiment, the significance of cultivar (convention-al and coloured) and of the application of the soil fertility enhancer UGmax on health-promoting properties of carrot roots subjected to the freezing process of carrot cubes after water blanching was investigated. The selection of cultivar turned out to be highly signif-icant with respect to the development of health-promoting properties of carrot roots. The highest antioxidant properties were found in the purple cultivar ‘Deep Purple’. Its mean antioxidant capacity accounted for 5.31 mmol Fe+2 · kg–1 f.m. Essential for health-promoting properties were the contents of anthocyanins (R2 = 0.83), chlorogenic acid (R2 = 0.81) and total polyphenolics (R2 = 0.71). The application of the biological agent UGmax improved the qual-ity of carrot significantly, increasing the content of total carotenoids and reducing the losses of ascorbic acid during processing. The freezing process negatively influenced the antioxidative properties of carrot irrespective of cultivar and applied agro-technique (use of UGmax), especially in the case of water-soluble antioxidants such as anthocyanins and ascorbic acid.
“A Very Remarkable Piece of Iron”: Towards a Theory of Material Imagination in Virginia Woolf’s “Solid Objects”
Authors: Štefl Martin 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This article examines the supposed lack of “humanity” in Woolf’s short stories and novels by identifying its source in the sphere of “solid objects” and in the way these “objects” destabilize the coherence of what the western philosophical tradition typically refers to as “subject” (in the Cartesian sense). Referring to Moore’s direct realism as well as James’s and Mach’s radical empiricism, the discussion focuses on specific states of heightened perceptive intensity in which the perceiving subject stumbles on the verge of collapse and “mixes” itself with what it perceives. By considering these limit cases, this paper tries to demonstrate the way in which Woolf’s fiction might in fact be understood as illustrative of the process of de-humanizing de-centralization and dispersion of the already fluid consciousness and its blending with the impersonal material objects, resulting in a complete loss of one idea of “the human” (an idea based on the intellectual autonomy and sovereignty of a unified subject) and pointing towards a post-human and post-modern condition in which human becomes defined by the ever-widening circle of its own outside
Gender, Humour and Transgression in Canadian Women’s Theatre
Authors: Meisner Natalie , Mounsef Donia 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Are humour and laughter gender-specific? The simple answer, like most everything that is ideological, is “yes”. Many feminists in recent years have grappled with the question of humour and how it is often the site of much contestation when it comes to women using it as a tool of transgression. This paper probes the seemingly timeless antipathy between humour and representations of femininity through recourse to performance and theories of the body. This article holds the term “woman” up to scrutiny while simultaneously examining the persistence of both critical and philosophical recalcitrance and the way humour continues to function in both gendered and violent ways. How does gender “do” or “undo” humour? Laughter is no simple matter for women, due to the legacy of profoundly polarized and hyper-sexualized historical ambivalence between femininity and laughter. Acknowledging the problematic nature of the category “woman”, and after clearing some terminological distinctions (comedy, humour, irony, satire, and parody), this article investigates humour’s complicated and volatile relationship to gender and the way the laughing body of women on stage presents a fascinating double helix of sexual aggression and power
The Concept of the Relative Adjective
Authors: Vinogradova Svetlana 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This article aims to give a cognitive linguistic account of the dual nature of the concept of relative adjectives, and the specific character of their semantic processes. After a brief discussion of the adjectival character of the relative subclass, it will be argued that denominal relative adjectives belong to the class of predicate words (i.e., words denoting property and hence forming a predicate concept), while retaining, on the other hand, the substantive nature of the basic noun’s concept. Further, two subclasses of relative adjectives are contrasted in view of their cognitive processes: substancepredicate, denoting a certain substance of which an object is made, and argumentpredicate, denoting an object the relation to which becomes a property of another object. The substance-predicate group of relative adjectives will be analyzed as having the properties of qualitative adjectives, as they clarify their meanings in discourse due to the operation of profiling the landmark properties on the base of the trajector of the described object. On the other hand, the conceptual entity of argument-predicate relative adjectives can be described by means of the theory of conceptual integration. Argument-predicate adjectives in discourse form a new conceptual blend that is the result of mapping the mental spaces of the predicate concept and the concept of the described noun. The relation between the two objects that appears in the blend forms the context meaning of the adjective
Derivational Versus Phrasal Adverbials of Manner
Authors: Protopopescu Daria 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This paper compares the usage of derivational and phrasal adverbial expressions of manner in English and Romanian. It also points to possible translational and learning problems due to selection peculiarities in the two languages. Both English as well as some of the Romance languages (among others French, Italian, Spanish), use both simple adverbs of manner (e.g. well) and derivational adverbs formed by adding a suffix to an adjective (e.g. poorly vs -mente adverbs in Romance).
From West to East: Romeo Must Die but Shakespeare is the Sun
Authors: Frenţiu Luminiţa , Goşa Codruţa 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The paper presents a mini survey of the hallmark English language motion pictures which are explicitly based on William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. The selection of the six films under investigation takes into account various criteria such as aspects of chronology, culture, impact or novelty of approach. The analysis is based on four categories: genre, auteurism (authorship), reception and verisimilitude.
What has changed in France in coastal flood risk management after Xynthia storm
Authors: Cunge Jean , Erlich Marc 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
What has changed in France in coastal flood risk management after Xynthia storm. One year after the Xynthia storm surge, which struck the Vendée and the Charente-Maritime counties of the French Atlantic Coast in the night of 27/28 February 2010, French authorities implemented a national plan for mitigation and management of the fl ash submersions (MEDDTL 2011). In this paper authors analyse partial results of this plan after almost three years of its effectiveness in the perspective of Xynthia catastrophic event, but also taking into account other dramatic coastal submersions, which occured during winter 2014 in the same region.
Prediction of yellow lupin yield (Lupinus luteus L.) for northern Poland using weather-crop model
Authors: Grabowska Krystyna , Kuchar Leszek , Dymerska Aneta 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Prediction of yellow lupin yield (Lupinus luteus L.) for northern Poland using weather- -crop model. The paper presents an analysis of the impact of meteorological factors (solar radiation, maximum, minimum and mean temperature, precipitation) on the development and yield of yellow lupin Parys cultivar in the northern Poland in the years 1987-2008. Using multiple regression methods (linear and quadratic function) created regression equations that were estimated using the coefficients of determination (R2, R2 adj and R2 pred - using the Cross Validation procedure). Selected regression equation used to estimate the yield of yellow lupin, using generated - by means of model WGENK - daily values of global radiation, maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, and climate change scenario GISS Model E for Central Europe. Examined dependencies weather-yield of lupine seeds (cultivar Parys) allowed the application of the chosen model to forecast yields from the time when the values are independent variables in the model by the end of the growing season. The comparison of distributions of actual and simulated yields shows that real yields are slightly (by 0.06 t·ha-1) higher than those generated for 2 × CO2 conditions.
Spatiotemporal variations of tropospheric ozone concentrations in the Warsaw Agglomeration (Poland)
Authors: Rozbicka Katarzyna , Rozbicki Tomasz 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Spatiotemporal variations of tropospheric ozone concentrations in the Warsaw Agglomeration (Poland). The study uses ozone concentrations from stations in Warsaw Agglomeration and its vicinity. Diversity of localizations of considered station, in terms of type of emissivity, allows on comparison of air pollution conditions by ozone in Warsaw area. Concentration of ozone in summer and spring were above twice greater than the concentration in autumn and winter. The greatest differences between weekend days concentration and work days concentration occur during autumn and winter, but in the same time the differences during the day are the least, especially in urban site stations. Statistics analysis shows strong relationship between ozone concentration and nitrogen dioxide concentration and meteorological elements especially for days with high level of ozone concentration. For these days regression equations were statistically significant (α = 1%) and correlation coefficients were greater than 0.81. Polynomial of IV power is the best fitted function of one-hourly values of ozone concentration course in particular seasons.
DOES COGNITIVE TRAINING MAKE NUTRITION AND EXERCISE PROGRAMS FOR WEIGHT REDUCTION MORE SUCCESSFUL?
Authors: Paasch Rene 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
By carrying out an intervention study including a two-month period of executing measures and an observation period of another two months, the hypothesis stating that cognitive training makes weight reduction programs more successful is to be confirmed. The measures are introduced in a fitness facility. This study involved a cooperation with Mrs. Sporty. The target group are overweight women from the age of 30 onwards. From this target group of overweight women from the age of 30 onwards, three groups of 25 participants each are randomized. Two groups of 25 participants each are assembled from various Mrs. Sporty facilities in Flensburg, Schleswig, Rendsburg, and Husum. A third group of overweight non-athletes is generated over the press, flyers, and posters. All groups equally take part in one or, if required, two introductory individual interviews at the beginning in which initial data is gathered by way of a questionnaire that was developed for the study and first measurements are taken regarding BMI, waist size, and body fat content. Moreover, the participants’ individual situation and their specific problems are discussed and the intervention is adjusted accordingly. For participants that also receive cognitive training, mental measures that are in accordance with the concept developed and presented for the study are additionally integrated in the interviews as well as in the questionnaire and conducted theoretically and practically throughout the entire procedure.
Historical Consciousness in the Focus of Sociological Enquiry
Authors: Šubrt Jiří 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Historical Consciousness in the Focus of Sociological Enquiry. This article attempts to elaborate a theory of historical consciousness which could apply to the area of empirical sociological enquiry. Its essential idea is that it is possible to view historical consciousness as an "entity" shaped by the interplay of four components: a) lived historical experience (lived personally, eventually transmitted through interpersonal contact), b) ideology, particularly state ideology and ideology of political parties, c) knowledge produced by historiography and historical science, d) collective memory
Zhodnotenie zdravotného stavu lesov v inundačnej oblasti Dunaja v úseku Dobrohošt – Sap z leteckých multispektrálnych snímok z roku 2011
Authors: Bucha Tomáš , Slávik Martin , Hatala Norbert , Bartko Martin 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the forest health condition in the area of Hydropower plant Gabčikovo using the digital multispectral aerial images from 2011 in the section Dobrohošt - Sap. We proposed a new innovative procedure of creating the forest mask in the image processing. It concerns a process of defining tree crowns, where we combined subject and raster oriented approach of the image classification. We evaluated forest health condition on a selected forest mask using the method of twophased sampling with regression. The indicators of health condition were tree defoliation and presence of heavily damaged trees and snags in the stands. Defoliation was used to compare the current forest health condition in the concerned area with the data from 2008. Presence of the snags as the result of severe damage is interpreted in terms of stand types related to site conditions. Field survey proved presence of invasive and non-native tree species and plants. Based on the result, we have formulated recommendations for further forest monitoring in the Danube River inundation
Above-ground net primary productivity in young stands of beech and spruce
Authors: Pajtík Jozef , Konôpka Bohdan , Marušák Róbert 
Published: May 2015

AbstractOne of the expected consequences of climate change and its inherent phenomena to forest ecosystems is the gradual modification of their tree species composition (i.e. expansion of resistant species instead of less resistant ones). Climate change accompanied with increasing temperatures and a lack of precipitations may present a threat especially to spruce stands in the European part of the temperate zone. European beech is one of the possible forest tree species which might replace the potentially endangered spruce. In this paper, we observed, by using a combination of continual measurements and destructive whole-tree sampling, standing stocks of above-ground biomass (i.e. stem, branches, and foliage) and its annual net primary productivity (NPP) in naturally regenerated young stands of beech and spruce. We intentionally selected a site where the changing climate conditions are better suited to the ecological demands of beech rather than spruce (the species is dominant in the observed area). We recorded only small differences in the standing stock of stems of the beech, if based on tons per ha. However, this is in favor of spruce if based on cubic meters per ha. The largest difference between the species was found for the standing stock of foliage, spruce retained three times the biomass of beech. Also, beech allocated more carbohydrates to stem than spruce. On the other hand, we estimated nearly the same production of foliages and branches in both stands.
Fine root standing stock and production in young beech and spruce stands
Authors: Konôpka Bohdan , Pajtík Jozef , Maľová Miriam 
Published: May 2015

AbstractFine roots (defined by a maximum diameter of 2 mm) and assimilatory organs are the compartments which rotate carbon much faster than any other tree part. We focused on quantification of fine roots in young European beech and Norway spruce trees growing under the same ecological conditions. Standing stock of fine roots was estimated by soil coring during 2009 - 2012. Fine root production was established by the in-growth bag method. Standing stock and productions of fine roots were comparable in both tree species. The quantity of fine root biomass (at a soil depth of 0 -50 cm) varied inter-annually between 6.08 and 7.41 t per ha in the beech and from 5.10 to 6.49 t per ha in the spruce stand. Annual production of fine roots (soil depth of 0 - 30 cm) was between 1.11 and 1.63 t ha-1 in beech and between 0.95 and 1.54 t.ha-1 in spruce. We found that fine root standing stock at the beginning of each growing season was related to climatic conditions in the previous year. Annual fine root production was influenced by the climatic situation of the current year. In general, a maximum standing stock of fine roots as well as a relatively slow fine root turnover is expected in young forest stands. Whereas production of fine roots prevailed over mortality in a favorable year (sufficiency of precipitations and slightly above-average temperatures in 2010), there was a reverse situation in an unfavorable year (drought episodes in 2011). We concluded that although both forest types represented contrasting turnovers of assimilatory organs (once a year and once in 5 years in beech and spruce respectively), fine root turnover rates were very similar (approx. once per four years).
Modelling effects of weather condition on seasonal dynamics of the stem circumference increment in a mixed stand of Norway spruce and European beech
Authors: Bošeľa Michal , Pajtík Jozef , Konôpka Bohdan , Šebeň Vladimír , Vida Tomáš 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis study was aimed at modelling seasonal variation of stem circumference increments in a mixed stand composed of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). Moreover, we focused on the quantification of the main climatic factors governing the increments. The measurements were performed at a site established at about 970 m a.s.l. from the locality of Vrchslatina (Central Slovakia). Data was collected from 20 European beech trees and 20 Norway spruce trees, from 2009 to 2012. The increments (measured at 130 cm above ground level) were recorded circa biweekly using manual band dendrometers. Lognormal function was used for the modelling of the seasonal trend of the increments. Hourly-based records of climatic variables such as air temperature, precipitation, and derived vapour pressure deficit were used for the modelling. The effect of climatic parameters on the seasonal variations of the increments was tested by including them directly into the lognormal function. The results suggest that while the sum of precipitation was a better predicting factor for spruce, the mean temperature was the better predictor for beech. In addition, both temperature and vapour pressure deficits also had an effect on the increments of spruce, but these parameters did not contribute to the explanation of the variability of increments for beech. Overall, the variability clarified by the final model was 72% for spruce and 78% for beech. At the same time, climatic parameters as a part of the model helped to explain 10% of the variability for the spruce (precipitations) and 3% of the variability for the beech (temperature). We also found lower variability in the increments of beech compared to spruce. This suggests that for the specific site conditions spruce are more sensitive to environmental conditions than beech
Preliminary results of soil respiration in beech, spruce and grassy stands
Authors: Priwitzer Tibor , Capuliak Jozef , Bošela Michal , Schwarz Matej 
Published: May 2015

AbstractSoil respiration constitutes the second largest flux of carbon between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. This study provides the preliminary results of soil respiration (Rs) observations in three different stands, including two types of young forest stands (beech and spruce) and grassy clearings. The average values of Rs ranged from 0.92 to 15.20 μmol CO