bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meccan Fatwas from the End of the Nineteenth Century on Indonesian Affairs
Authors: Kaptein Nico 
Published: June 2014

Centuries of Indonesian Muslims turned into Arabic to obtain fatwas they need on various religious issues that arise in the homeland. Among the books that contain these fatwas are Muhimmat al-bayan fi nafa'is as'ilat al-Hadith. This is a fatwa issued by the mufti-mufti of Mecca, especially at the end of the nineteenth century at the request of the Muslims in the archipelago.In the book contained a fatwa related to the attitude to be taken over the archipelago Muslims who reject the Dutch colonial government. In the fatwa colonial government itself was not challenged, and the colonial government implicitly recognized that infidels should. This fatwa is quite different from the views circulating in Aceh, where local clerics called for jihad against the infidel invaders. Saudi Fatwa of Mufti is expected to come to relieve the situation in Aceh.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v2i4.824
Theological Responses to the Concepts of Democracy and Human Rights: The Case of Contemporary Indonesian Muslim Intellectuals
Authors: Abdillah Masykuri 
Published: June 2014

Almost all governments in the world, including authoritarian, claiming that their political system is democratic. However, not all governments in the Muslim world accept this system. Among the 'ulama and Muslim intellectuals themselves there are differences of opinion about the system and the concept of democracy. In general, the modernist Muslim groups accept this system, because he was judged to be compatible with Islam, while Muslim groups "fundamentalist" and mostly conservative Muslims reject this system, because it supposedly excludes the sovereignty of God.The problem that often arises is how to implement human rights in Islamic societies. Then in 1990 the Muslim countries which are members of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) issued a "Cairo Declaration of Human Rights in Islam" , after over 13 years of discussing this issue among its members. Thus, there are two declarations for the people of Islam, namely: Cairo Declaration on the top and the "Universal Declaration of Human Rights".DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v3i1.812
Islam and the Struggle for Religious Pluralism in Indonesia: A Political Reading of the Religious Thought of Mukti Ali
Authors: Munhanif Ali 
Published: June 2014

Problems of inter-religious dialogue is one of the important discourse in the development of religious thought in modern Indonesia. One of the leading Muslim intellectuals seoran put a great interest in the discourse of religious thought is Prof. HA Mukti Ali, former Minister of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia, which has served as Rector of IAIN Yogyakarta.In the view of many people, known as Mukti Ali Muslim leaders who have diverse Islamic thought. He, set in the traditional students and the cast of revivalist organization, Muhammadiyah is the pioneer of Comparative Studies of Religion in Indonesia. He is also known as the man who chose the problem of inter-religious dialogue in Indonesia as 'immortal work' throughout his life. Equally important, Mukti Ali is an Indonesian Religious Affairs Minister re-orientation is important in the political-religious wisdom in the New Order.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v3i1.814
‘Alāqat Ḥarakat Nashr al-Islām wa al-Tarbīyah al-Islāmiyyah fī Ṣultanah Aceh
Authors: Rosatria Eri 
Published: June 2014

The emergence of such great 'ulama' in the Sultanate of Aceh, north of Sumatra, as Hamzah Fansuri (Hamzah al-Fansuri), Syamsuddin Sumatrani (Shams al-Din al-Sumatrani), Nuruddin Arraniri (Nur al-Din al-Raniri) and Abdurrauf Singkel ('Abd al-Rauf al-Sinkili) could lead one to pose an important questions. Why they emerged in the Sultanate of Aceh and not in other part of Nusantara. This study argues that that their emergence had closely to do with the fact that activity of Islamic learning was strongly supported by the Acehnese sultans.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v3i1.815
Changing the Image of Islam and Muslim World: Indonesian Exercise
Authors: Taher Tarmizi 
Published: June 2014

This paper was originally a public lecture text of former Minister of Religious Affairs. H. Tarmizi Taher, MD, at the Center for the Study of World Religions, Harvard University, USA., On 8 November 1995, discussed the Indonesian Muslim religious discourse in relation to inter-religious relations.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v3i2.805
The Khittah of 1926 Reexamined: Views of the NU in Post-Cipasung Congress
Authors: Munhanif Ali 
Published: June 2014

When established in 1926 in Surabaya, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) is meant as an organization of scholars engaged in the field of socio-religious. Concentration struggles and activities of the organization was shaped in the development of the Indonesian Muslim community in the socio-cultural field such as education, teaching, health care, and economic development of the people. In this framework, then, the scholars and leaders of this organization to formulate a vision NU known as Khittah 1926. After a long period gait for NU deviate from Khittah as outlined, to enter the world of practical politics - join Masjumi, became NU party, the PPP fuse - at Muktamarnya 27th in Situbondo, 1984, KH duet. And KH Abdurrahman Wahid. Ahmad Siddiq managed to bring NU back to Khittah 1926. Decision was meant to remove themselves from the bondage of practical politics and prioritize the development of the Indonesian Muslim community culturally.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v3i2.808
Islam di “Negeri Bawah Angin” dalam Masa Perdagangan
Authors: Azra Azyumardi 
Published: June 2014

This article is a review of the book Anthony Reid, Southeast Asia in the Age of Commerce 1450-1680, Volume One: The Lands below the Winds, New Haven & London: Yale University Press, 1988; Southeast Asia in the Age of Commerce 1450-1680, Volume Two: Expansion and Crisis, New Haven & London, Yale University Press, 1993.Studies of 'The Lands Below the Winds' - a medical Middle Eastern term reffering to Southeast Asia - especially those related to Islam, remain incomplete. Numerous problems, subject and topics are still hotly debated among schoolars of Southeast Asia. Also, there are many issues which need more adequate and serious research.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v3i2.811
Measurement of flow diverter hydraulic resistance to model flow modification in and around intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Ugron Ádám , Szikora István , Paál György 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Flow diverters (FDs) have been successfully applied in the recent decade to the treatment of intracranial aneurysms by impairing the communication between the flows in the parent artery and the aneurysm and, thus, the blood within the aneurysm sac. It would be desirable to have a simple and accurate computational method to follow the changes in the peri- and intraaneurysmal flow caused by the presence of FDs. The detailed flow simulation around the intricate wire structure of the FDs has three disadvantages: need for high amount of computational resources and highly skilled professionals to prepare the computational grid, and also the lack of validation that makes the invested effort questionable. In this paper, we propose a porous layer method to model the hydraulic resistance (HR) of one or several layers of the FDs. The basis of this proposal is twofold: first, from an application point of view, the only interesting parameter regarding the function of the FD is its HR; second, we have developed a method to measure the HR with a simple apparatus. We present the results of these measurements and demonstrate their utility in numerical simulations of patient-specific aneurysm simulations.
Silicon Carbide Junction Transistors and Schottky Rectifiers optimized for 250°C operation
Authors: Sundaresan Siddarth , Grummel Brian , Singh Ranbir 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTElectrical performance and reliability of SiC Junction Transistors (SJTs) and Schottky rectifiers are presented. The 650 V/50 A-rated SiC SJTs feature current gains (β) up to 110 at room-temperature, 70 at 250°C, and stable breakdown characteristics. Single current pulse measurements indicate an almost invariant β up to 800 A/cm2 at 175°C – a measure of the SOA boundary for pulsed current SJT operation. Lower than 5 mA/cm2 leakage currents are measured on the SJTs at the rated blocking voltage and at 250°C. 1200 V Schottky rectifiers designed for high-temperature operation display < 3 mA/cm2 leakage currents up to 250°C. A 10x reduction in leakage current and 23% reduction in junction capacitance are observed when compared to the nearest competitor. The high-temperature Schottky rectifiers and SJTs display stable breakdown voltages and on-state characteristics after long-term HTRB stressing. A significant improvement in current gain stability is achieved by fine-tuning the fabrication process.
Fabrication of Transparent Electrodes with Silver Nanowires and PPT Gel for Organic Optoelectronic Devices
Authors: Tsai Ming-Chih , Chen Yu-Hsuan , Ho Yu-Hsuan , Yang Shang-Jung , Wei Pei-Kuen 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTWe have developed a low cost and convenient approach to fabricate ITO-comparable transparent electrodes by using solution process of silver nanowires mixed with poly peroxotitanic acid (PPT) gel. The PPT gel is applied to connect the dispersed silver nanowires to preserve its high conductivity while remaining transparency and reducing surface roughness of the transparent electrode. The silver nanowires were synthesized via a modified polyol method, and the PPT gels were prepared by sol-gel method in appropriate concentrations. After applying the PPT gels, the sheet resistance of the transparent electrodes was improved from 192 Ω/□ to 44.7 Ω/□ with a transmittance of 81 %. And the roughness (RMS) was decreased from 106.3 nm to 48.1 nm. The PPT gel also improved the reliability of the proposed electrodes, which the conductivity was remained after general atmospheric storage of 6 months. We also demonstrate an Alq3 based OLED with the proposed transparent electrodes.
Degradation Mechanisms in Ferroelectric and High-Permittivity Perovskites
Authors: Warren William L. , Dimos Duane , Waser Rainer M. 
Published: June 2014

Due to the importance of ferroelectric and high-permittivity perovskite thin films for a wide range of applications, there has been extensive research devoted to understanding the mechanisms responsible for the degradation observed with time, temperature, and/or external field stress. The three most important degradation phenomena for ferroelectric materials such as Pb(Zr, Ti)O3 (PZT) and BaTiO3 are ferroelectric fatigue, ferro-electric aging, and resistance degradation. Ferroelectric fatigue is the loss of switchable polarization by repeated polarization reversals. Ferroelectric aging is characterized by a spontaneous change with time in the polarization-voltage (P-V) response. Resistance degradation is a deterioration of the insulating properties of a dielectric under direct-current (dc) bias and elevated temperature.These degradation processes ultimately limit the lifetime and reliability of devices that use ferroelectric and high-permittivity perovskite dielectrics. Fatigue and aging lead to reliability concerns for electronic (nonvolatile memories), piezo-electric, electro-optic, and pyroelectric applications. Likewise resistance degradation typically limits the lifetime of ceramic capacitors and high-dielectric constant thin films such as (Ba, Sr)TiO3, which is the principal candidate material for very high-density dynamic random-access memories (DRAMs).Because of the importance of these degradation processes, it is critical to understand them and to develop methods of eliminating or mitigating their effects. By combining results from studies on thin films with ones on ceramics and single crystals, a consistent picture of the mechanisms involved in these degradation processes is emerging. In this article, we discuss these degradation mechanisms with particular emphasis on the interaction between ferroelectric domains and charge trapping and the role of oxygen vacancies and associated defect dipoles.
Seizure Prognosis in Brain Tumors: New Insights and Evidence-Based Management
Authors: Vecht Charles J. , Kerkhof Melissa , Duran-Pena Alberto 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBrain tumor-related epilepsy (BTE) is common in low- and high-grade gliomas. The risk of seizures varies between 60% and 100% among low-grade gliomas and between 40% and 60% in glioblastomas. The presence of seizures in patients with brain tumors implies favorable and unfavorable factors. New-onset seizures represent an early warning sign for the presence of a brain tumor and count as a good prognostic factor for survival. Recurrence or worsening of seizures during the course of disease may signal tumor progression. Each of the modalities for tumor control (i.e., surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy) contributes to seizure control. Nevertheless, one third of BTE shows pharmacoresistance to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and may severely impair the burden of living with a brain tumor. For symptomatic therapy of BTE, seizure type and individual patient factors determine the appropriate AED. Randomized controlled trials in partial epilepsy in adults to which type BTE belongs and additional studies in gliomas indicate that levetiracetam is the agent of choice, followed by valproic acid (VPA). In the case of recurring seizures, combining these two drugs (polytherapy) seems effective and possibly synergistic. If either one is not effective or not well tolerated, lacosamide, lamotrigine, or zonisamide are additional options. A new and exciting insight is the potential contribution of VPA to prolonged survival, particularly in glioblastomas. A practice guideline on symptomatic medical management including dose schedules of AEDs is supplied.
Intelligent Distributed Acoustic Sensing for In-well Monitoring
Authors: Xiao J. J. , Farhadiroushan M. , Clarke A. , Abdalmohsen R. A. , Alyan E. , Parker T. R. , Shawash J. , Milne H. C. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Interval Control Valves ICVs and Inflow Control Devices ICDs can enable optimization of the production and injection profile along the wellbore. The ICV devices are operated to increase the hydrocarbon recovery and prevent unwanted fluid production. The ICDs are selected and positioned to optimize the water flood profile. Although the operations of devices are well understood, the optimization of these devices in-situ is complex. The real-time monitoring of fluid flow along the wellbore can provide valuable information to set the position of the inflow devices and optimize the fluid flow in multilateral zones.
The intelligent Distributed Acoustic Sensor (iDAS) uniquely allows the simultaneous recording of acoustic energy along many kilometers of optical fiber deployed along the wellbore. The system uses a novel digital optoelectronics detection technique that captures the amplitude and phase of the acoustic waves generated and propagated along the wellbore over a wide frequency (1mHz – 100kHz) range with a high dynamic range (&gt;120dB). A number of signal processing techniques have been developed for processing a large array of acoustic data that can be recorded along the wellbore for monitoring the inflow at different zones. The iDAS system can be used with single-mode as well as multimode optical fibers.
The iDAS system was retrofitted to existing optical fibers that were already installed along several wells in Saudi Arabia. The acoustic noise energy generated across the inflow devices and propagating along the wellbore tubing was recorded. The acoustic noise spectrum can be used to monitor the fluid flow through the inflow devices. Using array processing, the speed of sound can be determined over several sections of the tubing to identify the fluid composition.
This paper reports on the results of the field trial carried in 2012 in several wells equipped with inflow devices.
Application of Neural Network to Predict Gas Well Performance During Two-Phase Flow in Gas Condensate Reservoirs
Authors: Al-Dhamen Mohammed A. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
In this study, field data from Saudi Arabian gas condensate reservoirs were used to develop Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model to estimate gas rate from wells having Condensate to Gas Ratio (CGR) ranging from 10 to 400 STB/MMSCF. This model can predict gas rates for both critical and subcritical flow regimes. This paper will discuss the advantages of this new model as well as the limitations of utilizing this model in predicting the gas rate.
Most of the choke correlations estimate gas rates with high accuracy in dry gas environment or in reservoirs with low CGR. There are some correlations built to estimate the rates for multiphase flow; however, there is no unique correlation that works for wide range of CGR values with acceptable accuracy. Also, there are two sets of correlations were built for critical flow regime and for subcritical flow.
The ANN model was developed based on analyzing more than 6,000 data points collected from separator tests. These data were used as follows: 70% for training, 15% for validation, and 15% for testing. The data covers wide range of flow rates, choke sizes, and CGR values. The models were built as function of choke sizes, upstream & downstream pressures, and CGR. Graphical and statistical tools have been used to evaluate and validate the ANN models.
In conclusion, the new ANN model applies novel techniques and wide range of field data and predicts the gas rate for high CGR wells with an average absolute error of 10.2 %. These models will be used to forecast and evaluate performances of gas reservoirs and will minimize utilizing the costly separator tests normally required high CGR wells.
Anisotropy Effect in Geosteering: Anisotropy and D2B Estimate from Directional Resistivity Tool
Authors: Hagiwara Teruhiko , Anguiano-Rojas Pedro 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
We examined the tool response of coaxial tool in a layered isotropic earth model, and provide methods to determine the distance to bed and the resistivity of the bed beyond the boundary from a set of tool responses. We also examined the tool response of a directional resistivity tool with tilted transmitter/receiver antenna(s) in a layered isotropic earth model. The difference between the downward receiver response and upward receiver response can be used as interface indicators. We provide methods using the interface indicators to simultaneously determine the distance to bed and the resistivity of the bed beyond the boundary.
We examined the effect of layer anisotropy in the distance to the boundary (D2B) and resistivity determination by modeling responses of a coaxial tool and a directional resistivity tool in layered anisotropic earth models.
When the tool is in an anisotropic layer such as shale, the anisotropy of the layer significantly affects the tool response and the D2B estimate has to be corrected for the anisotropy. When the tool is in an isotropic layer, the anisotropy of an adjacent layer will affect the tool response less. However, the anisotropy effect gets larger when the adjacent anisotropic layer is less resistive. The effect of anisotropy has to be corrected only at the short distance from the boundary. Based on the modeling results, we propose a method to account for the anisotropy effect and correctly estimate the D2B and resistivity beyond the boundary.
Integrated Modeling for Better Reservoir Management: A Case Study from a Large Carbonate Middle East Reservoir
Authors: Shammari B. A. , Putra S. A. , Nooruddin H. A. , Bellaci I. J. , Shammari A. T. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This paper presents a workflow developed to integrate subsurface and surface network models for a huge carbonate oil reservoir overlain by a large gas-cap located in the Middle East region. The integrated model consists of separate standalone models connected through commercial software. The reservoir simulation model is compositional with nine-components and over 60 million-very-refined grid-cells. The reservoir simulation model runs on a state-of-the-art in-house simulator; GigaPOWERS. The surface production network model consists of five production networks in addition to a gas injection network, with detailed network and elevation profiles, to model the desert terrain found in the field. The surface network model implements compositional components — as in the reservoir simulation model to capture compositional variations — to evaluate the NGL recovery processes and lean gas injection options. The detailed elevation profiles of the desert terrain in the surface network model allow for an accurate evaluation of the fluid velocities in the pipelines. It also provides a back pressure profile for each and every well in the network. The integration of the reservoir simulation and surface network models helped in assessing the reservoir and well production strategies and their impact on the production facilities, such as the early detection of low velocity in the pipelines that could eventually reduce the potential of corrosion due to this factor, and avoiding producing at high GOR levels to prevent reaching or exceeding erosional velocity limits. The integrated modeling therefore allows for simultaneous reservoir management and surface production facility planning.
Sweet Spot Identification and Optimum Well Planning: An Integrated Workflow to Improve the Sweep in a Sector of Giant Carbonate Mature Oil Reservoir
Authors: Al-Sada Abdullah I. , Bouaouaja Mohammed T. , Al-Hhuthali Ahmed H. , Al-Safi Abdullah A. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This study illustrates a comprehensive-integrated approach to identify the potential locations for future development in a sector area of a giant carbonate mature oil reservoir. The approach uses various data from several sources including reservoir surveillance, production performance, geological interpretation and numerical simulation and cohesively combines them to yield an informed decision to assess field development and management. The study area is under peripheral waterflood for more than fifty years and dominated by heterogeneity related to fracture corridors, high permeable zone, and reservoir zonation. These features leads to a preferential and uneven propagation of water flow which results in un-swept oil bearing spots using the existing wells lay-out and configuration.
The reservoir management team has developed an integrated workflow to address these challenges by using several reservoir engineering methods and models including Water Encroachment, Reservoir Opportunity index, Fractional Flow Calculation, Remaining Volumetric and Water Flow Paths. The designed workflow consists of creating derived attributes that describe these models and filter the sector area to define the sweet spots. The selection and prioritization of the defined sweet spots are supported by available reservoir surveillance and production data. However, the scarcity of reservoir surveillance and production data in some areas of the sector, motivated reservoir management team to stretch the limits by capitalizing on gas wells penetrating the shallower oil reservoirs. The open-hole logs of these wells recorded thicker oil column than the preestimated column using the existing surveillance data.
As a result of these efforts, a development plan was designed in order to ensure reserves depletion in the identified sweet spots by drilling new wells or sidetracking the existing wells. Despite the level of maturity, simulation forecasts indicate that the area of interest has lot of potential to sustain a high production rate.