bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective analysis of pathological changes in the maxillary sinus with CBCT
Authors: Dogan Mehmet Emin , Uluısık Nurbanu , Yuvarlakbaş Semahat Doğru 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study is to examine the frequency of maxillary sinus pathologies and their relationship with each other using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to make a new grade according to the number of affected walls. 1000 maxillary sinuses of 500 patients with CBCT images were included in the study. Anatomical variations and pathological formations of the maxillary sinuses were examined. Images were evaluated for the presence of flat, polypoidal, partial and generalized mucosal thickening, partial and total opacification, polyps and mucous retention cysts. Maxillary sinus pathologies were graded according to the number of walls affected. In the examined CBCT images, no pathology was found in 54.2% of the maxillary sinuses, while pathology was observed in 45.8%. The most common sinus pathologies were mucous retention cyst (12.3%) and polypoidal thickening (12.2%). While pneumatization, ostium obstruction, and the presence of sinus-related roots were associated with sinus pathology, no relationship was found with nasal septum deviation and the presence of septa. Before dental implant and sinus surgery applications, the presence of sinus pathologies and their relationship with anatomical variations can be evaluated with CBCT, a three-dimensional technique, and complications such as sinus membrane perforation, infection, failure to break the bone window due to the presence of antral septa, graft loss and oroantral fistula formation can be reduced.
Exploring the potential of predicted miRNAs on the genes involved in the expansion of hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Elahimanesh Mohammad , Shokri Nafiseh , Shabani Ronak , Rahimi Maryam , Najafi Mohammad 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA major challenge in therapeutic approaches applying hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is the cell quantity. The primary objective of this study was to predict the miRNAs and anti-miRNAs using bioinformatics tools and investigate their effects on the expression levels of key genes predicted in the improvement of proliferation, and the inhibition of differentiation in HSCs isolated from Human umbilical cord blood (HUCB). A network including genes related to the differentiation and proliferation stages of HSCs was constructed by enriching data of text (PubMed) and StemChecker server with KEGG signaling pathways, and was improved using GEO datasets. Bioinformatics tools predicted a profile from miRNAs containing miR-20a-5p, miR-423-5p, and chimeric anti-miRNA constructed from 5′-miR-340/3′-miR-524 for the high-score genes (RB1, SMAD4, STAT1, CALML4, GNG13, and CDKN1A/CDKN1B genes) in the network. The miRNAs and anti-miRNA were transferred into HSCs using polyethylenimine (PEI). The gene expression levels were estimated using the RT-qPCR technique in the PEI + (miRNA/anti-miRNA)-contained cell groups (n = 6). Furthermore, CD markers (90, 16, and 45) were evaluated using flow cytometry. Strong relationships were found between the high-score genes, miRNAs, and chimeric anti-miRNA. The RB1, SMAD4, and STAT1 gene expression levels were decreased by miR-20a-5p (P < 0.05). Additionally, the anti-miRNA increased the gene expression level of GNG13 (P < 0.05), whereas the miR-423-5p decreased the CDKN1A gene expression level (P < 0.01). The cellular count also increased significantly (P < 0.05) but the CD45 differentiation marker did not change in the cell groups. The study revealed the predicted miRNA/anti-miRNA profile expands HSCs isolated from HUCB. While miR-20a-5p suppressed the RB1, SMAD4, and STAT1 genes involved in cellular differentiation, the anti-miRNA promoted the GNG13 gene related to the proliferation process. Notably, the mixed miRNA/anti-miRNA group exhibited the highest cellular expansion. This approach could hold promise for enhancing the cell quantity in HSC therapy.
Comparison of four rheological models for estimating viscosity and rheological parameters of microwave treated Basil seed gum
Authors: Salehi Fakhreddin , Tashakori Maryam , Samary Kimia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDispersion of Basil seed gum has high viscosity and exhibits shear-thinning behavior. This study aimed to analyze the influence of microwave treatment (MT) at various time intervals (0, 1, 2, and 3 min) on the viscosity and rheological behavior of Basil seed gum dispersion (0.5%, w/v). The finding of this study revealed that the apparent viscosity of Basil seed gum dispersion (non-treated dispersion) reduced from 0.330 Pa.s to 0.068 Pa.s as the shear rate (SR) increased from 12.2 s−1 to 171.2 s−1. Additionally, the apparent viscosity of the Basil seed gum dispersion reduced from 0.173 Pa.s to 0.100 Pa.s as the MT time increased from 0 to 3 min (SR = 61 s−1). The rheological properties of gum dispersion were successfully modeled using Power law (PL), Bingham, Herschel–Bulkley (HB), and Casson models, and the PL model was the best one for describing the behavior of Basil seed gum dispersion. The PL model showed an excellent performance with the maximum r-value (mean r-value = 0.942) and the minimum sum of squared error (SSE) values (mean SSE value = 5.265) and root mean square error (RMSE) values (mean RMSE value = 0.624) for all gum dispersion. MT had a considerable effect on the changes in the consistency coefficient (k-value) and flow behavior index (n-value) of Basil seed gum dispersion (p < 0.05). The k-value of Basil seed gum dispersion decreased significantly from 3.149 Pa.sn to 1.153 Pa.sn (p < 0.05) with increasing MT time from 0 to 3 min. The n-value of Basil seed gum dispersion increased significantly from 0.25 to 0.42 (p < 0.05) as the MT time increased. The Bingham plastic viscosity of Basil seed gum dispersion increased significantly from 0.029 Pa.s to 0.039 Pa.s (p < 0.05) while the duration of MT increased. The Casson yield stress of Basil seed gum dispersion notably reduced from 5.010 Pa to 2.165 Pa (p < 0.05) with increasing MT time from 0 to 3 min.
Functional analysis of a panel of molecular markers for diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus in rats
Authors: Azzam May A. , Fahim Sally A. , ElMonier Asmaa A. , Maurice Nadine W. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a diverse autoimmune disease that arises from a combination of complex genetic factors and environmental influences. While circRNAs and miRNAs have recently been identified as promising biomarkers for disease diagnosis, their specific expression patterns, and clinical implications in SLE are not yet fully understood.
Aim of the work: The aim of the present study was to determine the role of a panel of noncoding-RNAs specifically circRNAs (circ-TubD1, circ-CDC27, and circ-Med14), along with miRNA (rno-miR-146a-5p) and mRNA (TRAF6), as novel minimally invasive diagnostic biomarkers for experimentally induced SLE. Additionally, the study involved an insilico bioinformatics analysis to explore potential pathways involved in the pathogenesis of SLE, aiming to enhance our understanding of the disease, enable early diagnosis, and facilitate improved treatment strategies.
Materials and methods: SLE was induced in rats using single IP injection of incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (IFA). The Induction was confirmed by assessing the ANA and anti-ds DNA levels using ELSA technique. qPCR analysis was conducted to assess the expression of selected RNAs in sera collected from a group of 10 rats with induced SLE and a control group of 10 rats. In addition, bioinformatics and functional analysis were used to construct a circRNA–miRNA–mRNA network and to determine the potential function of these differentially expressed circRNAs.
Results: SLE rats demonstrated significantly higher expression levels of circ-CDC27, circ-Med14, and rno-miR-146a-5p as well as TRAF6, with lower expression level of circ-TubD1 in sera of SLE rats relative to controls. ROC curve analysis indicated that all the selected non-coding RNAs could serve as potential early diagnostic markers for SLE. In addition, the expression level of circ-TubD1 was negatively correlated with rno-miR-146a-5p, however, rno-miR-146a-5p was positively correlated with TRAF6. Bioinformatic analysis revealed the incorporation of the circRNAs targeted genes in various immune system and neurodegeneration pathways.
Conclusions: Therefore, circRNAs; circ-TubD1, circ-CDC27, and circ-Med14, in addition to the miRNA (rno-miR-146a-5p) and mRNA (TRAF6) may be involved in the development of SLE and may have promising roles for future diagnosis and targeted therapy.
The impact of improved estimates of radio star astrometric models on the alignment of the Gaia bright reference frame to ICRF3
Authors: Lunz Susanne , Anderson James M. , Xu Ming H. , Heinkelmann Robert , Titov Oleg , Lestrade Jean-François , Johnson Megan C. , Shu Fengchun , Chen Wen , Melnikov Alexey , Mikhailov Andrei , McCallum Jamie , Lopez Yulia , de Vicente Abad Pablo , Schuh Harald 
Published: July 2024

Aims. We investigated the residual orientation offset and spin between the bright (G ≤ 13 mag) frame of the Gaia Early Data Release 3 (Gaia EDR3) and the third realization of the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF3). For this purpose, six rotation parameters (orientation offset and its time derivative, the spin), as well as corrections to the Gaia astrometric model for each star involved, are fitted to the differences in the astrometric models derived from very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) and Gaia. This study aims to find reliable estimates for the rotation parameters between the two frames.
Methods. We reprocessed our previous analyses while taking into account the effect of Galactocentric acceleration on the VLBI observations. Furthermore, we replaced VLBI data for 12 stars by improved estimates of models of stellar motion from combining historical data with the new positions, rather than including the new observations directly as single-epoch positions in the analysis of the rotation parameters. Additionally, we replaced the model positions by positions obtained without correcting the calibrator data for source structure whenever possible to better reference the star position to ICRF3. In the same fashion, the VLBI proper motion and parallax were included for two of the stars for the first time, and data for five new stars were added.
Results. The iterative solutions for the spin parameters show less scatter in the X component when the new models of stellar motion from VLBI are applied. The mean formal errors of the spin parameters decrease by about 15%, whereas those of the orientation offsets increase by about 15%. Small additional improvements in the mean formal error were achieved by including new VLBI data and by excluding stars that produce offsets in the iterative rotation parameter estimates from the beginning. The orientation offset [ϵX(T),ϵY(T),ϵZ(T)] and the spin [ωX,ωY,ωZ] of the final baseline solution of this work were found to be (+0.322, +0.228, +0.163)±(0.203, 0.251, 0.155) mas and (+0.034, +0.072, −0.026)±(0.023, 0.025, 0.023) mas yr−1. As a consequence, no significant orientation offset of Gaia EDR3 toward ICRF3 is detected; however, the spin ωY is statistically significant at the 3σ level. The rotation parameters between the Gaia and VLBI frames in the Y direction remain the least well determined in terms of formal errors. The impact of Galactocentric acceleration on the rotation parameter analysis was found to be negligible with the currently available VLBI data. As a result, it was found that the uncorrected bright Gaia frame exhibits a closer alignment with ICRF3 compared to the corrected frame.
Testing the existence of event horizons against rotating reflecting surfaces
Authors: de Kleuver Joost , Bronzwaer Thomas , Falcke Heino , Narayan Ramesh , Mizuno Yosuke , Porth Oliver , Olivares Hector 
Published: July 2024

Context. Recently the Event Horizon Telescope observed black holes at event horizon scales for the first time, enabling us to now test the existence of event horizons.
Aims. Although event horizons have by definition no observable features, one can look for their non-existence. In that case, it is likely that there is some kind of surface, which like any other surface could absorb (and thermally emit) and/or reflect radiation. In this paper, we study the potential observable features of such rotating reflecting surfaces.
Methods. We construct a general description of reflecting surfaces in arbitrary spacetimes. This is used to define specific models for static and rotating reflecting surfaces, of which we study the corresponding light paths and synthetic images. This is done by numerical integration of the geodesic equation and by the use of the general relativistic radiative transfer code RAPTOR.
Results. The reflecting surface creates an infinite set of ring-like features in synthetic images inside the photon ring. There is a central ring in the middle and higher order rings subsequently lie exterior to each other converging to the photon ring. The shape and size of the ring features change only slightly with the radius of the surface R, spin a and inclination i, resulting in all cases in features inside the ‘shadow region’.
Conclusions. We conclude that rotating reflecting surfaces have clear observable features and that the Event Horizon Telescope might be able to observe the difference between reflecting surfaces and an event horizon for high reflectivities. Such reflecting surface models seem unlikely, which would strengthen the case that the black hole shadow indeed indicates the existence of an event horizon.
Extragalactic globular cluster near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Dahmer-Hahn L. G. , Chies-Santos A. L. , Eftekhari E. , Zanatta E. , Riffel R. , Vazdekis A. , Villaume A. , Beasley M. A. , Lassen A. E. 
Published: July 2024

Context. One way to constrain the evolutionary histories of galaxies is to analyse their stellar populations. In the local Universe, our understanding of the stellar population properties of galaxies has traditionally relied on the study of optical absorption and emission-line features.
Aims. In order to overcome limitations intrinsic to this wavelength range, such as the age-metallicity degeneracy and the high sensitivity to dust reddening, we must use wavelength ranges beyond the optical. The near-infrared (NIR) offers a possibility to extract information on spectral signatures that are not as obvious in traditional optical bands. Moreover, with the current and forthcoming generation of instrumentation focusing on the NIR, it is mandatory to explore possibilities within this wavelength range for nearby-Universe galaxies. However, although the NIR shows great potential, we are only beginning to understand it. Widely used techniques such as a full spectral fitting and line strength indices need to be tested on systems that are as close to simple stellar populations as possible, and the result from the techniques need to be compared to the yields from a traditional optical analysis.
Methods. We present a NIR spectral survey of extragalactic globular clusters (GCs). The set was composed of 21 GCs from the Centaurus A galaxy that were obtained with SOAR/TripleSpec4, which covered the ∼1.0–2.4 μm range with a spectral resolution (R = λ/Δλ) of 3500. These spectra cover Hβ equivalent widths between 0.98 Å and 4.32 Å, and [MgFe]′ between 0.24 Å and 3.76 Å.
Results. This set was ideal for performing absorption band measurements and a full spectral fitting, and it can be used for kinematic studies and age and abundance measurements. With this library, we expect to be able to probe the capabilities of NIR models, as well as to further improve stellar population estimates for the GCs around the Centaurus A galaxy.
Remdesivir-Related Cardiac Adverse Effects in COVID-19 Patients: A
Case-Control Study
Authors: Abedipour Fatemah , Mirzaei Hossein Hadavand , Ansari Hossein , Ehsanzadeh Neda , Rashki Amin , Vahedi Mohammad Mahdi , Rashki Asma 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background There have been reports of serious side effects of Remdesivir,
including cardiovascular complications. The present study aimed to determine the
adverse cardiovascular effects of Remdesivir and the factors affecting them in
COVID-19 patients.
Methods The patients were classified into two groups: those receiving
Remdesivir without cardiac complications and those receiving Remdesivir with
cardiovascular complications. After reviewing the patientʼs medical records, the
relationship of some factors with the incidence of adverse cardiovascular
effects was measured.
Results Chi-square test showed that the distribution of complications in
men was significantly higher than in women (P=0.001). The independent t-test
revealed that the mean age in the group with complications was significantly
higher than the group without complications (P=0.013). Fisherʼs exact test
demonstrated a significant relationship between smoking and cardiovascular
complications (P=0.05). According to the Mann-Whitney test, a significant
difference was found in the mean changes of Bilirubin (P=0.02) and ALKP (P=0.01)
before and after treatment in the groups with and without heart
complications.
Conclusion Our findings indicated that most of the COVID-19 patients
suffered from sinus bradycardia, and the distribution of complications was more
pronounced in men than in women. The mean age in the group with complications
was higher than the group without complications. Smoking was found to be
associated with the occurrence of cardiovascular complications and the mean
changes of Bilirubin and ALKP before and after treatment were significantly
different in the groups with and without cardiovascular complications.
Labyrinthectomy Improves Dizziness in Patients with Vestibular Schwannoma
Authors: Traylor Jeffrey I. , Venkatesh Pooja , Fabiano Alexander S. , Plitt Aaron R. , Patel Ankur , Isaacson Brandon , Mickey Bruce E. , Barnett Samuel L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjective Dizziness is one of the most prevalent and debilitating symptoms associated with vestibular schwannoma (VS), and there are little data on contributing or alleviating factors in the perioperative setting. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether vestibular nerve sectioning or labyrinthectomy concomitant with surgical resection would improve dizziness in the postoperative period.Methods This is a retrospective study of a consecutive series of VS patients who underwent resection at a large tertiary care center between 2009 and 2023. Dizziness at 6 months was the primary endpoint, whereas facial nerve and hearing outcomes were secondary endpoints. Fisher's exact test was used to identify significant differences between categorical variables, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of dizziness as well as facial nerve and hearing outcomes.Results A total of 333 patients underwent resection of VS at our institution. There was no significant difference in binary reported dizziness based on surgical approach (p = 0.14). However, patients reported significantly less dizziness at discharge (p < 0.01) as well as 6-month (p = 0.02) and 1-year (p < 0.01) follow-up in the translabyrinthine group. On the other hand, patients who underwent labyrinth-sparing approaches reported a significant increase in dizziness that remained up to 1 year from the time of surgery.Conclusions Our data suggest that labyrinthectomy may improve dizziness symptoms in patients with VS. Selective VN sectioning does not appear to affect dizziness or hearing outcomes. Finally, surgical approach does not affect facial nerve outcomes.
Impact of Marijuana Use on Lung Health
Authors: Bando Joanne M. , Tashkin Donald P. , Barjaktarevic Igor Z. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe widespread use of marijuana in the context of increasing legalization has both short- and long-term health implications. Although various modes of marijuana use—smoked, vaped, or ingested—may lead to a wide scope of potential systemic effects, we focus here on inhalational use of marijuana as the most common mode with the lung as the organ that is most directly exposed to its effects. Smoked marijuana has been associated with symptoms of chronic bronchitis and histopathologic changes in airway epithelium, but without consistent evidence of long-term decline in pulmonary function. Its role in immunomodulation, both for risk of infection and protection against a hyperinflammatory host response to infection, has been suggested in animal models and in vitro without conclusive extrapolation to humans. Marijuana smoke contains carcinogens like those found in tobacco, raising concern about its role in lung cancer, but evidence is mixed and made challenging by concurrent tobacco use. Vaping may offer a potential degree of harm reduction when compared with smoking marijuana with reduction of exposure to several toxins, including carbon monoxide, and reduction in chronic respiratory symptoms. However, these potential benefits are counterbalanced by risks including vaping-associated lung injury, potentially more intense drug exposure, and other yet not well-understood toxicities. As more states legalize marijuana and the federal government considers changing this from a Schedule I to a Schedule III controlled substance, we anticipate an increase in prospective medical studies concerning the risks related to marijuana use. This review is based on currently available data concerning the impact of inhaled marijuana on lung health.
Accuracy of Diagnosis of Benign Vocal Fold Lesions among Ear, Nose, and Throat Residents
Authors: Alessa Mohamed Mesfer , Obaid Sultan Bin , Aldayel Faisal , Almetary Rakan , Alhussinan Khaled , Assiri Hassan , Farahat Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction Benign vocal fold lesions (BVFLs) disrupt the superficial lamina propria, impacting vocal fold pliability. Investigating the diagnostic competency of ear, nose, and throat (ENT) residents in identifying BVFLs, we hypothesize that factors such as residency year, subspecialty focus, and training center influence diagnostic accuracy.
Objectives To assess the accuracy of diagnosis of BVFLs among ENT residents and to correlate diagnostic accuracy with the year of residency.
Methods An observational cross-sectional study included all ENT residents in Saudi Arabia. It was performed in August and September 2021 using a self-administered online questionnaire that assessed demographic variables and included three images with open-ended questions on diagnosing vocal fold lesions.
Results A total of 61 ENT residents (62.3% male) were included in this study. The images of vocal fold cyst, vocal fold polyp, and vocal fold nodule were correctly diagnosed by 60.7%, 88.5%, and 91.8% of residents, respectively. There was a correlation between the year of residency and the accuracy of diagnosing a vocal fold cyst (p = 0.029). Residents interested in laryngology correctly diagnosed all three lesions more frequently than other residents.
Conclusion The ability of residents to diagnose vocal fold cysts was moderate. In particular, the senior residents were able to diagnose polyps and nodules with excellent accuracy.