bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric symptoms in children prior to epilepsy surgery differ according to suspected seizure focus
Authors: Salpekar Jay A. , Berl Madison M. , Havens Kathryn , Cushner‐Weinstein Sandra , Conry Joan A. , Pearl Phillip L. , Yaun Amanda L. , Gaillard William D. 
Published: May 2013

SummaryPurposeChildren and adolescents with epilepsy have an overrepresentation of psychiatric illness. However, few studies in pediatrics have characterized specific psychiatric conditions associated with seizure localization. In addition, degree to which psychiatric illness may be more prominent in children refractory to standard medical treatment for epilepsy is not known. The aim of this study was to assess psychiatric symptoms in children with medically refractory epilepsy and ascertain whether symptoms were associated with specific localization.MethodsCase records were reviewed for 40 children with medically refractory epilepsy at the time of their referral for presurgical evaluation. Patients received a clinical psychiatric evaluation and parents completed the Child Behavioral Checklist (CBCL). Seizure localization was verified by pediatric epileptologists, and suitability for surgical procedures was verified by neurosurgical specialists. Groups were compared based on localization of seizure foci, either in the temporal lobe or predominantly extratemporal.Key FindingsThe majority of the sample had psychiatric diagnoses and behavior problems, well beyond the level reported in chronic epilepsy populations. In addition, children with temporal lobe seizure foci had more CBCL behavioral problem categories rated in the clinically significant range, and also were more likely to have clinical diagnoses of depression.SignificanceRoutine psychiatric evaluation prior to epilepsy surgery may be important for pediatric patients with medically refractory epilepsy. Psychiatric illness, particularly depression, may be especially prominent for those with temporal lobe seizure foci.
Efficacy and safety of adjunctive perampanel for the treatment of refractory partial seizures: A pooled analysis of three phase III studies
Authors: Steinhoff Bernhard J. , Ben‐Menachem Elinor , Ryvlin Philippe , Shorvon Simon , Kramer Lynn , Satlin Andrew , Squillacote David , Yang Haichen , Zhu Jin , Laurenza Antonio 
Published: May 2013

SummaryPurposeThree phase III studies (304 [ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00699972], 305 [NCT00699582], 306 [NCT00700310]) evaluated perampanel, an α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonist, as adjunctive therapy for refractory partial seizures. We report post hoc analyses of pooled study data by randomized dose.MethodsPatients with partial seizures despite receiving 1–3 antiepileptic drugs were randomized to once‐daily placebo, perampanel 8 or 12 mg (studies 304, 305), or placebo, perampanel 2, 4, or 8 mg (study 306). Studies included a 6‐week baseline period and double‐blind treatment phase (6‐week titration; 13‐week maintenance). Primary end points were median change in partial seizure frequency (baseline vs. double‐blind phase) and percentage of patients achieving ≥50% reduction in seizure frequency (baseline vs. maintenance). Here, these end points, together with secondary, exploratory, and safety end points, were assessed using pooled study data.Key FindingsThe pooled intent‐to‐treat analysis set (randomized, treated patients with any seizure data) included 1,478 patients. Median changes in partial seizure frequency were greater with perampanel than placebo (perampanel 4 mg, −23.3%; 8 mg, −28.8%; 12 mg, −27.2%; placebo, −12.8%; p < 0.01, each dose vs. placebo), as were 50% responder rates (perampanel 4 mg, 28.5%; 8 mg, 35.3%; 12 mg, 35.0%; placebo, 19.3%; p < 0.05, each dose vs. placebo). In addition, median changes in complex partial plus secondary generalized seizure frequency were also greater with perampanel than placebo (perampanel 4 mg, −31.2%; 8 mg, −35.6%; 12 mg, −28.6%; placebo, −13.9%). Perampanel was generally well tolerated. The most frequent treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were dizziness, somnolence, and headache. Most TEAEs were mild/moderate; relatively few patients experienced severe TEAEs (placebo, 5.4%; perampanel, 8.9%) or serious TEAEs (placebo, 5.0%; perampanel, 5.5%). There were no deaths and no clinically important mean changes in laboratory values, electrocardiography (ECG) findings, or vital signs.SignificancePerampanel reduced partial seizure frequency and improved responder rates compared with placebo, with an acceptable tolerability profile.
Visual field defects after radiosurgery for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Hensley‐Judge Holly , Quigg Mark , Barbaro Nicholas M. , Newman Steven A. , Ward Mariann M. , Chang Edward F. , Broshek Donna K. , Lamborn Kathleen R. , Laxer Kenneth D. , Garcia Paul , Heck Christianne N. , Kondziolka Douglas , Beach Robert , Salanova Vicenta , Goodman Robert 
Published: May 2013

SummaryPurposeGamma knife radiosurgery (RS) may be an alternative to open surgery for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE), but morbidities and the anticonvulsant mechanisms of RS are unclear. Examination of visual field defects (VFDs) after RS may provide evidence of the extent of a postoperative fixed lesion. VFDs occur in 52–100% of patients following open surgery for MTLE.MethodsThis multicenter prospective trial of RS enrolled patients with unilateral hippocampal sclerosis and concordant video–electroencephalography (EEG) findings. Patients were randomized to low (20 Gy) or high (24 Gy) doses delivered to the amygdala, hippocampal head, and parahippocampal gyrus. Postoperative perimetry were obtained at 24 months after RS. Visual field defect ratios (VFDRs) were calculated to quantify the degree of VFDs. Results were contrasted with age, RS dose and 50% isodose volume, peak volume of radiation‐induced change at the surgical target, quality of life measurements, and seizure remission.Key FindingsNo patients reported visual changes and no patients had abnormal bedside visual field examinations. Fifteen (62.5%) of 24 patients had postoperative VFDs, all homonymous superior quadrantanopsias. None of the VFDs were consistent with injury to the optic nerve or chiasm. Clinical diagnosis of VFDs correlated significantly with VFDRs (p = 0.0005). Patients with seizure remission had smaller (more severe) VFDRs (p = 0.04). No other variables had significant correlations.SignificanceVFDs appeared after RS in proportions similar to historical comparisons from open surgery for MTLE. The nature of VFDs was consistent with lesions of the optic radiations. The findings support the hypothesis that the mechanism of RS involves some degree of tissue damage and is not confined entirely to functional changes in neuromodulation.
Structural characterization of human histidine triad nucleotide‐binding protein 2, a member of the histidine triad superfamily
Authors: Maize Kimberly M. , Wagner Carston R. , Finzel Barry C. 
Published: May 2013

The histidine triad proteins (HITs) constitute a large and ubiquitous superfamily of nucleotide hydrolases. The human histidine triad nucleotide‐binding proteins (hHints) are a distinct class of HITs noted for their acyl‐AMP hydrolase and phosphoramidase activity. The first high‐resolution crystal structures of hHint2 with and without bound AMP are described. The differences between hHint2 and previously known HIT family protein structures are discussed. HIT family enzymes have historically been divided into five classes based on their catalytic specificity: Hint, fragile HIT protein, galactose‐1‐phosphate uridylyltransferase, DcpS and aprataxin. However, although several structures exist for the enzymes in these classes, the endogenous substrates of many of these enzymes have not been identified or biochemically characterized. To better understand the structural relationships of the HIT enzymes, a structure‐based phylogeny was constructed that resulted in the identification of several new putative HIT clades with potential acyl‐AMP hydrolase and phosphoramidase activity.DatabaseAtomic coordinates have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank under accession numbers 4INC and 4INIStructured digital abstracthHint2 and hHint2 bind by x-ray crystallography (View interaction)
Combined administration of FVIII and rFVIIa improves haemostasis in haemophilia A patients with high‐responding inhibitors – a thrombin generation‐guided pilot study
Authors: Livnat T. , Martinowitz U. , Azar‐Avivi S. , Zivelin A. , Brutman‐Barazani T. , Lubetsky A. , Kenet G. 
Published: May 2013

SummaryTreatment of haemophilia A patients with inhibitors is challenging, and may require individually tailored regimens. Whereas low titre inhibitor patients may respond to high doses of factor VIII (FVIII), high‐responding inhibitor patients render replacement therapy ineffective and often require application of bypassing agents. Thrombin generation (TG) assays may be used to monitor haemostasis and/or predict patients' response to bypass agents. In this study we defined by TG, the potential contribution of FVIII to recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa)‐induced haemostasis in inhibitor plasma. Based upon results, prospectively designed individual regimens of coadministration of rFVIIa and FVIII were applied. Plasma samples from 14 haemophilia patients with inhibitors (including high titre inhibitors) were tested. The response to increasing concentrations of FVIII, rFVIIa or both was assayed by TG. Eight patients, chosen following consent and at physician's discretion, comprised the combined FVIII–rFVIIa therapy clinical study cohort. Combined spiking with FVIII/rFVIIa improved TG induced by rFVIIa alone in all inhibitor plasmas. Combined rFVIIa and FVIII therapy was applied during bleeding or immune tolerance to eight patients, for a total of 393 episodes. Following a single combined dose, 90% haemostasis was documented and neither thrombosis nor any complications evolved. During study period decline of inhibitor levels and bleeding frequency were noted. Pre‐analytical studies enabled us to prospectively tailor individual therapy regimens. We confirmed for the first time that the in vitro advantage of combining FVIII and rFVIIa, indeed accounts for improved haemostasis and may safely be applied to inhibitor patients.
Obesity in haemophilia patients: effect on bleeding frequency, clotting factor concentrate usage, and haemostatic and fibrinolytic parameters
Authors: Tuinenburg A. , Biere‐Rafi S. , Peters M. , Verhamme P. , Peerlinck K. , Kruip M. J. H. A. , Laros‐Van Gorkom B. A. P. , Roest M. , Meijers J. C. M. , Kamphuisen P. W. , Schutgens R. E. G. 
Published: May 2013

SummaryThe prevalence of obesity in patients with haemophilia (PWH) is increasing. We investigated the effect of obesity on bleeding frequency and clotting factor concentrate (CFC) usage in PWH and assessed whether prothrombotic changes observed in obesity differ between controls and PWH. Number of bleeds and CFC usage were compared between obese (N = 51) and non‐obese (N = 46) haemophilia A patients. Markers of haemostasis and fibrinolysis were compared between PWH, and gender‐, age‐ and body mass index (BMI)‐matched non‐haemophilic controls (N = 91). Median number of bleeds/patient‐month was comparable between obese and non‐obese patients with severe haemophilia (P = 0.791). Obese patients with severe haemophilia used 1.4 times more CFC/patient‐month than non‐obese patients (P = 0.036). When adjusting for weight this difference disappeared (P = 0.451). von Willebrand factor plasma concentration (VWF:Ag), factor VIII activity and endogenous thrombin potential were higher in obese than in non‐obese controls. Obesity did not influence these markers in PWH. Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 levels were higher in obese vs. non‐obese PWH (P < 0.001), whereas levels were comparable between PWH and controls (P = 0.912). Plasmin‐α2‐antiplasmin complex (PAP) levels appeared to be lower in obese vs. non‐obese subjects, both within controls (P = 0.011) and PWH (P = 0.008). However, in PWH, PAP levels were higher than in controls (P < 0.001). Obesity is associated with an increase in net CFC usage in PWH, but has no effect on bleeding frequency. In addition, obesity attenuates hyperfibrinolysis in PWH. Future research investigating whether obese PWH need CFC treatment dosed on weight or whether a lower dosage would suffice to prevent and treat bleedings is needed.
Desisting from Domestic Abuse: Influences, Patterns and Processes in the Lives of Formerly Abusive Men
Authors: Morran David 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis article argues that domestic violence perpetrator programmes in the UK have paid insufficient attention to how perpetrators actually desist from abusive behaviour in the long term. It draws on evidence from a 2010 study which investigated how a sample of men accomplished desistance from abusive behaviour. It reveals that even men committed to desistance may require programmes to support them over a period of several years, and confirms that desistance is best understood as a process and not an outcome. The article concludes that these men's experiences underline the need for interventions to be substantially more desistance‐focused than they are at present.
Synthesis of CoFe2O4 Nanoparticles by a Low Temperature Microwave‐Assisted Ball‐Milling Technique
Authors: Chen Ding , Yi Xiang , Chen Zhenhua , Zhang Yingzhe , Chen Biyu , Kang Zhitao 
Published: May 2013

Well‐crystallized Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles with mean size of 20 nm and high saturation magnetization (82.9 emu/g) were synthesized at a low temperature (≤100°C) by microwave‐assisted solid–liquid reaction ball‐milling technique without subsequent calcination. CoC2O4·4H2O and Fe powder were used as raw materials and stainless steel or pure iron milling balls with diameter of 1.5 mm were used. As a contrast, solid–liquid reaction ball milling without microwave assistance was also investigated. The results showed that this is a simple, environmentally friendly, and energy‐saving technique for ferrite nanocrystal synthesis.
Homogeneous Precipitation Synthesis and Low‐Voltage Cathodoluminescence of SnO2:Eu3+ Phosphors for Field Emission Displays
Authors: Huang Tongwen , Wang Xiaojun , Zhu Pingping , Li Huili , Feng Tao , Sun Zhuo 
Published: May 2013

A reddish‐orange‐emitting SnO2:Eu3+ phosphor for field emission displays (FEDs) was successfully synthesized via a homogeneous precipitation route using urea as a precipitant. The influences of the dopant concentration of Eu3+ and calcination temperature on optical properties were investigated. The low‐voltage field emission properties of the FED device prepared using the synthesized SnO2:Eu3+ phosphors were reported. Under the UV light, SnO2:Eu3+ phosphors display the strong orange–red emission peaked at 587, 591, and 597 nm due to the 5D0→7F1 magnetic dipole transition of Eu3+. The phosphor doped with 1.0 mol% Eu3+ possesses the highest photoluminescent (PL) intensity. Under the low‐voltage excitation of 300 V, the fabricated FED device exhibits the bright orange–red emission, high‐voltage brightness saturation, and high color purity, which has a potential application in low‐voltage full color FEDs.
Finger taps and constipation are closely related to symptoms of overactive bladder in male patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Tsujimura Akira , Yamamoto Yoichi , Sakoda Saburo , Okuda Hidenobu , Yamamoto Keisuke , Fukuhara Shinichiro , Yoshioka Iwao , Kiuchi Hiroshi , Takao Tetsuya , Miyagawa Yasushi , Nonomura Norio 
Published: May 2013

ObjectivesTo assess which motor and non‐motor symptoms are closely related to overactive bladder severity in male patients with Parkinson's disease.MethodsA total of 160 male patients (mean age 71.4 ± 8.2 years) diagnosed with Parkinson's disease were included in the present study at Osaka University and affiliated hospitals. The severity of Parkinson's disease was classified as stage 3, 4 or 5 based on the Hoehn and Yahr staging system. Disease duration was 8.9 ± 5.1 years. Age, seven items from the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor section part III and three non‐motor symptoms were assessed by multivariate analysis for their impact on the overactive bladder symptom score, a specific questionnaire for overactive bladder.ResultsOveractive bladder symptom score was significantly higher in the group with severe motor symptoms related to finger taps and gait than in the group with mild motor symptoms related to these two factors. Furthermore, overactive bladder symptom score of patients with erectile dysfunction and constipation was significantly higher than that in patients without these symptoms. Multivariate analysis identified only finger taps and constipation as factors independently associated with overactive bladder symptom score.ConclusionsAlthough a study on a larger scale is required to further assess the association of Parkinson's disease symptoms with overactive bladder symptom score, information on finger taps and severity of constipation should be obtained when assessing urological patients with Parkinson's disease.
Natural killer cell‐mediated contact sensitivity develops rapidly and depends on interferon‐α, interferon‐γ and interleukin‐12
Authors: Majewska‐Szczepanik Monika , Paust Silke , von Andrian Ulrich H. , Askenase Philip W. , Szczepanik Marian 
Published: May 2013

SummaryNatural killer (NK) cell‐mediated contact sensitivity was recently described in mice. Here, we confirm NK cell‐mediated contact sensitivity (CS) in SCID and RAG1−/− mice but not in SCIDbeige mice, which have non‐functional NK cells that lack NK cell granules. NK cell‐mediated CS was transferred by liver mononuclear cells and the DX5+ fraction of liver cells, confirming that NK cells mediate CS in the absence of T and B cells. Participation of NKT cells and B‐1 cells was ruled out using Jα18−/− and JH−/− mice, respectively. Remarkably, NK cell‐mediated CS was observed just 1 hr after immunization and was detectable as early as 30 min after challenge. Further, we examined cytokine requirements for NK cell‐mediated CS, and found that liver mononuclear cells from interleukin‐12−/−, interferon‐γ−/− and interferon‐α receptor−/− donors fail to transfer NK cell‐mediated CS to naive hosts. Our studies clearly show that dinitrofluorobenzene sensitized NK cells mediate very rapid, antigen‐specific cell‐mediated immunity, with features of both innate and acquired immune responses.
Is climate a stronger driver of tree growth than disturbance? A comment on Toledoet al.(2011)
Authors: Ferry Bruno , Bontemps Jean‐Daniel , Blanc Lilian , Baraloto Christopher 
Published: May 2013

Summary1. A recent article published byToledoet al.(2011b)investigates the effects of spatial variations in climate and soil, and of logging disturbance, on tree and forest growth in Bolivia. It concludes that climate is the strongest driver of tree and forest growth and that climate change may therefore have large consequences for forest productivity and carbon sequestration. However, serious methodological and conceptual discrepancies have been found that challenge these conclusions.2. Because of an errant coding of ‘time after logging’ in the regression analysis, and because floristic changes induced by logging could not be incorporated into the analysis, the effect of logging on the average diameter growth is likely to have been strongly underestimated.3. Basal area growth was improperly calculated as basal area change, and it displayed surprisingly high values, even among unlogged plots. We hypothesize that either these plots may be actually located in secondary forests recovering from past logging, or measurement biases may have hampered the data set.4. Regardless of climate–growth relationships established across these plots, any inference concerning the potential effects of climate change on forest growth would require a specific quantitative assessment.5. Synthesis. It is critical to re‐assess the relative weight of climate and logging disturbance as driving factors of tree and forest growth, and to find an explanation for the very high basal area increment reported among the unlogged plots. We provide specific recommendations for further analyses of this and similar data sets.
Biological Flora of the British Isles: Dryopteris carthusiana, D. dilatata and D. expansa
Authors: Rünk Kai , Zobel Martin , Zobel Kristjan 
Published: May 2013

Summary1. This account presents information on all aspects of the biology of Dryopteris carthusiana (Vill.) H. P. Fuchs, D. dilatata (Hoffm.) A. Gray, and D. expansa (C. Presl) Fraser‐Jenk. & Jermy that are relevant to an understanding of their ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, reproductive characteristics, herbivores, history, and conservation.2. All three species are native deciduous ferns that are morphologically similar and genetically interrelated. Dryopteris dilatata, one of the commonest ferns in the British Isles, is found in many different habitats, but is above all a woodland species. Dryopteris carthusiana is less widely distributed, being mostly a species of wetlands and wet woodlands. Dryopteris expansa is the least common, mostly found in mountains, but also in wet woodlands at lower altitudes.3. Dryopteris dilatata is mainly a species of semi‐shade, and in the British Isles is considered to be the most shade‐tolerant of the three. Dryopteris carthusiana occurs in a wide range of habitats, from exposed, well‐illuminated to moderately shaded ones. Dryopteris expansa mainly grows in better illuminated habitats, often in the shade of sparse canopies or rocks. D. expansa is thus the most light‐demanding species of the three.4. The response to competition from neighbouring herbs has been shown to differ among the three species; D. expansa is clearly more vulnerable to competition than D. carthusiana and D. dilatata.5. Dryopteris dilatata and D. carthusiana are both tetraploid, whereas D. expansa is diploid. Natural hybrids among all three species in the British Isles, as well as hybrids of D. carthusiana with D. filix‐mas and D. cristata. The hybrid D. carthusiana × D. dilatata = D. × deweveri is the most common. The hybrids D. carthusiana × D. expansa = D. × sarvelae and D. cristata ×D. carthusiana = D. × uliginosa are extremely rare and at high risk of extinction.6. Although not currently threatened, the distribution of all three species may be susceptible to continued habitat loss arising from changes in land use, management for control of Bracken and predicted climate change.