bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lipoprotein Subfraction Profile and HDL‐Associated Enzymes in Sickle Cell Disease Patients
Authors: Ozturk Oktay H. , Can Yesim , Yonden Zafer , Motor Sedat , Oktay Gonul , Kaya Hasan , Aslan Mutay 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAlthough hypocholesterolemia is a reported finding in sickle cell disease (SCD), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL)/high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions and HDL‐associated enzymes have not been determined in SCD patients. Blood was collected from 38 hemoglobin (Hb)A volunteers and 45 homozygous HbSS patients who had not received blood transfusions in the last 3 months. Serum lipids were measured by automated analyzer while LDL and HDL subfraction analysis was done by continuous disc polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Serum levels of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), lecithin‐cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), apolipoprotein B (apoB) and apolipoprotein A‐1 (apoA‐I) were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) levels were significantly decreased, while TG levels were significantly increased in SCD patients compared to controls. A significant decrease in intermediate‐density lipoprotein (IDL)‐C, IDL‐B, IDL‐A and LDL‐1 fractions were seen in SCD patients, while no significant difference was observed in small dense LDL particles. A significant decrease was seen in HDL‐large, HDL‐intermediate and HDL‐small fractions in SCD patients versus controls. Levels of LCAT and ApoA‐1 protein measured in SCD patients were significantly lower while no significant difference was observed in CETP and ApoB protein levels compared to controls. The reduction observed in LDL‐ and HDL‐C in SCD patients was reflected as significantly decreased IDL, LDL‐1 and HDL‐subfractions. Decreased HDL subfractions may possibly lead to the reduced ApoA‐1 and LCAT protein levels observed in SCD patients.
Physicochemical Properties of Interesterified Blends of Fully Hydrogenated Crambe abyssinica Oil and Soybean Oil
Authors: Guedes Andréa Madalena Maciel , Ming Chiu Chih , Ribeiro Ana Paula Badan , da Silva Roberta Claro , Gioielli Luiz Antonio , Gonçalves Lireny Aparecida Guaraldo 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe chemical interesterification of blends of soybean (SO) and fully hydrogenated crambe oil (FHCO) in the ratios of 80:20, 75:25, 70:30, 65:35, and 60:40 (w/w), respectively, was investigated. FHCO is a source of behenic acid. The blends and the interesterified fats were analyzed for fatty acid and triacylglycerol composition, regiospecific distribution, slip melting point, solid profile, and consistency. The regiospecific analysis of the TAG indicated random insertion of saturated fatty acids at sn‐2 of the glycerol of the interesterified blends with more significant alterations at sn‐2 than at sn‐1 and sn‐3. The gradual addition of FHCO increased the solid fat content and the slip melting point. The chemical interesterification formed new TAG facilitating the miscibility between SO and FHCO. The 70:30 interesterified blend was suitable for general use, 60:40 for use as a base stock. At 35 °C, the 65:35 interesterified blend showed suitable plasticity for use in products with fat contents below 80 %. FHCO, rich in behenic acid, is not associated with increased total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, and it can be used as a low trans fat. FHCO is not associated with increased total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, and it can be used as a low trans fat alternative.
High‐throughput screens identify microRNAs essential for HER2 positive breast cancer cell growth
Authors: Leivonen Suvi-Katri , Sahlberg Kristine Kleivi , Mäkelä Rami , Due Eldri Undlien , Kallioniemi Olli , Børresen-Dale Anne-Lise , Perälä Merja 
Published: October 2013

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non‐coding RNAs regulating gene expression post‐transcriptionally. We have characterized the role of miRNAs in regulating the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‐pathway in breast cancer. We performed miRNA gain‐of‐function assays by screening two HER2 amplified cell lines (KPL‐4 and JIMT‐1) with a miRNA mimic library consisting of 810 human miRNAs. The levels of HER2, phospho‐AKT, phospho‐ERK1/2, cell proliferation (Ki67) and apoptosis (cPARP) were analyzed with reverse‐phase protein arrays. Rank product analyses identified 38 miRNAs (q < 0.05) as inhibitors of HER2 signaling and cell growth, the most effective being miR‐491‐5p, miR‐634, miR‐637 and miR‐342‐5p. We also characterized miRNAs directly targeting HER2 and identified seven novel miRNAs (miR‐552, miR‐541, miR‐193a‐5p, miR‐453, miR‐134, miR‐498, and miR‐331‐3p) as direct regulators of the HER2 3′UTR. We demonstrated the clinical relevance of the miRNAs and identified miR‐342‐5p and miR‐744* as significantly down‐regulated in HER2‐positive breast tumors as compared to HER2‐negative tumors from two cohorts of breast cancer patients (101 and 1302 cases). miR‐342‐5p specifically inhibited HER2‐positive cell growth, as it had no effect on the growth of HER2‐negative control cells in vitro. Furthermore, higher expression of miR‐342‐5p was associated with better survival in both breast cancer patient cohorts. In conclusion, we have identified miRNAs which are efficient negative regulators of the HER2 pathway that may play a role in vivo during breast cancer progression. These results give mechanistic insights in HER2 regulation which may open potential new strategies towards prevention and therapeutic inhibition of HER2‐positive breast cancer.
Consequences of viscous anisotropy in a deforming, two-phase aggregate. Part 2. Numerical solutions of the full equations
Authors: Katz Richard F. , Takei Yasuko 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn partially molten regions of Earth, rock and magma coexist as a two-phase aggregate in which the solid grains of rock form a viscously deformable framework or matrix. Liquid magma resides within the permeable network of pores between grains. Deviatoric stress causes the distribution of contact area between solid grains to become anisotropic; this, in turn, causes anisotropy of the matrix viscosity at the continuum scale. In the second of a two-paper set, we use numerical methods to solve the full, nonlinear, time-dependent equations governing this system. We consider porosity evolution in simple shear, Poiseuille and torsional flow. Under viscous anisotropy, there are two modes of porosity evolution: base-state segregation, which modifies the domain-scale porosity distribution, and growth of porosity perturbations into melt-rich bands. Simulation results with fixed anisotropy confirm and extend the linearized analysis of Part 1 (Takei & Katz, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 734, 2013, pp. 424–455). Most importantly, numerical solutions capture the interaction of the two modes: under Poiseuille flow, base-state segregation enhances band formation; under torsional flow, bands are suppressed. Simulations also show that low band angle is maintained by nonlinear processes such as reconnection of high-porosity segments and by back-rotation of the compacted regions between bands. Simulations with dynamic anisotropy modify these results, further lowering the average band angle. The effective viscosity of each flow is controlled by base-state segregation; it does not evolve under simple shear, decreases in Poiseuille flow and increases in torsion. We propose a reinterpretation of experimental results in terms of the consequences of viscous anisotropy.
The Bamboula Hill at Larnaca
Authors: Myres John L. 
Published: October 2013

The Bamboula Hill lies in open ground between Scala and Old Larnaca, about 100 yards north-west of the Roman Catholic Convent, and about 30 yards east of the road which runs past the front of the Convent into Old Larnaca. Another track, which diverged in 1913 from this road at the Convent, and led to the village of Livadhia, separated the Bamboula Hill site from the Bamboula Marsh, which extended nearly as far east as the carriage road from Scala to Famagusta.The Bamboula Hill was once of much greater extent than now, and was described by old residents as having had a steep slope towards the marsh. It was on or in the Bamboula that the inscribed conquest-stele of Sargon was found in 1845, which is in the Berlin Museum.
§ 3. Hellenic Pottery from the Temple Site at Palaikastro
Authors: Hutchinson R. W. 
Published: October 2013

The pottery from the Post-Minoan strata on the ‘Temple Field’ (area χ) falls into three principal groups, (i) Geometric, (ii) Archaic, and (iii) Hellenistic. For the plan of the site, see BSA VIII, pl. xv.Three geometric cups are reported from Ξ 14, and Professor Bosanquet records fragments of no fewer than forty lamps and twelve torch-holders scattered over different parts of the ‘Temple Field.’ One geometric cup (BSA X, 320, fig. 20), discovered in the road E, was associated with a group of seven jugs in a fine fabric, but with a poor dark grey slip (Plate 16, No. 2: CM 4615). The early date assigned to these cups, because of their position, I believe to be erroneous, and I do not think they are earlier than the Hellenistic period.
Excavations in Ithaca, V The Geometric and Later Finds from Aetos
Authors: Heurtley W. A. , Robertson Martin 
Published: October 2013

The circumstances of the discovery of the vases and objects described below by Mr. Robertson were, briefly, as follows:—1931. In trial pits dug in 1931 (Figs. 2, 4, 6) the foundations of a rough wall (6) resting on virgin soil were found, to the north of which sub-Mycenaean and Protogeometric sherds associated with stones and calcined earth appeared. South of this wall appeared two layers of dark earth, of which the lower (8a) rested on virgin soil and was about 0·5 m. thick. The upper (8b) was only a few cm. thick, and was separated from the lower by a kind of stone platform, above which was a layer of more or less sterile earth (Fig. 6). Both the upper and the lower dark-earth layers were thickly packed with sherds, all post-Protogeometric. The lower layer continued below a wall (7) the foundations of which rested in it, and below a second wall (11) the foundations of which were sunk in the upper dark-earth layer.
Studies in Turkish History and Folk-Legend
Authors: Hasluck F. W. 
Published: October 2013

The Karaosmanoglou dynasty, which during the eighteenth century and part of the nineteenth ruled the province of Saroukhan (Magnesia) in Asia Minor, stands almost alone in Turkish history as an example of a family which not only won and retained a wide local supremacy, but was conspicuous for family solidarity and wise administration throughout its tenure of power. Of the numerous pretenders to independence who disputed the Sultans' sway during the centuries in question few were able to make their claims hereditary and none could justly boast as could the Karaosmanoglou that their administration had raised their dominions from poverty and disorder to a degree of prosperity unknown probably since the Roman empire.The history, real and mythical, of this great Turkish family affords an interesting illustration of the growth of folk-tradition and its relation to historical fact, since we have here the rare advantage of being able to compare and contrast fact and fiction, and even to trace the growth of the myth. Less than a hundred and fifty years from the rise of the family, which is not extinct at the present day, its real origin is completely obscured; its actual history is supplanted by a purely legendary set of incidents and associations by which the family gains in prestige no less than in antiquity.
A Lament
Authors: Heath Roger M. 
Published: October 2013

O let me find a mountain height,A hill that stands alone !That I may tell my sorrow thereAnd it may tell its own.You see how smoke and smouldering fireAcross that mountain creeps ?Ah! there is one whose love is lost,Who sits alone and weeps.'ROGER M. HEATH.In the spring of 1914 a party of students belonging to the School went up to Euboia, and at one of the villages where they stayed an old man recited the little Greek poem. Roger Heath, on the spur of the moment, made the translation, at once musical and literal, which was taken down by another member of the party. The Greek words were written out by a Greek lady.—[Ed.]
Two Sepulchral Inscriptions from Suvla Bay
Authors: Hutton C. A. 
Published: October 2013

These inscriptions were copied by Captain G. A. Auden, R.A.M.C., near the Salt Lake, Suvla Bay, in 1915, and the transcripts handed over by him to Commander D. G. Hogarth, R.N.V.R., with the notes which are printed between inverted commas. Captain Auden writes ‘They (the inscriptions) have a good deal of persqnal interest to me, for the wells, by which they were placed, came in for a good deal of daily shelling, and it was only safe to linger over them in the early morning or after sunset.’No. 1. ‘On a sarcophagus used as a trough near the Salt Lake. The inscription is a good deal weathered.’ The inscription is engraved on a panel flanked on either side by a rough volute or vine-tendril.No. 2. ‘On a marble slab unearthed near the well at the foot of Lala Baba, on the edge of the Salt Lake. The slab was broken at the bottom. There were mortice holes at each end behind filled with lead, and the slab had a deep square-cut groove running the whole length behind. The inscription is very sharply cut without sign of weathering.’ Owing to the fracture only the tops of a few letters are visible in l. 4.
Some Note-Books of Sir William Gell, Part II
Authors: Woodward A. M. 
Published: October 2013

This article, continuing the account of Gell's note-books of which the first portion was published in the last volume (B.S.A. xxvii. pp. 67 ff.), deals only with note-book (2) in so far as it relates to his journey to Asia Minor and the adjacent islands. The numerous architectural drawings, plans, etc., of ancient sites made during this expedition by Gell and his assistants, Bedford and Gandy, are published in various volumes of the Antiquities of Ionia published by the Dilettanti Society, and do not concern us here. A summary of the activities of the mission and a full list of the drawings appear in Vol. V. of this work (pp. 4 f. and 7 ff.).The relation of this short diary to a fuller one in two volumes with illustrative sketches, now in the possession of the said Society, is not clear, and could only be established by careful collation; but it is not impossible that Gell either wrote up the latter at intervals from the rougher notes in the smaller book, or, when the smaller book was full, copied its contents into the larger one before continuing in it the narrative of his journey from the time of his arrival at Rhodes.
Excavations at Thermi
Authors: Lamb W. , Brock J. K. 
Published: October 2013

Since the first account of Thermi was written for Vol. XXX, a large area has been excavated, completing, more or less, the Early Bronze Age settlement, and defining, as far as is possible, a settlement belonging to the Late Bronze Age.As space is not unlimited, I have here omitted questions dealt with in Vol. XXX, and, when discussing new aspects of the site, have published less detailed evidence than I could wish. In short, this report must be supplemented, not only by the earlier one, but by a separate and complete publication. In the meantime, I have done my best to give a general outline of the new developments.The staff consisted of Miss Six, Mr. Hutchinson, Mr. Brock, Miss Mitchell (who was responsible for the maps during one season), myself and, for a shorter period, Mr. Cuttle of Downing College and Miss Horner of Newnham College.
Studies in Attic Inscriptions of the Fifth Century B.C.
Authors: Wade-Gery H. T. , McGregor Malcolm F. 
Published: October 2013

The inscriptions here published or discussed have, some of them, historic interest; which I hope I have not entirely neglected to point out. But this is chiefly a report of my work in the Museum: the reconstruction of stelai, the recognising and distinguishing of hands. In the third section, A Distinctive Attic Hand, my argument for date is cumulative, and weak as cumulative arguments are: I have no single certain proof that any of the group, still less the whole of it, belongs to the 'thirties. I record it as my cumulative impression; but my main concern has been to distinguish the hand, and to try to formulate a method whereby hands can be, securely, distinguished.Acknowledgments: first and warmest to M. Kourouniotis, Director of the Epigraphic Museum at Athens and of the excavations at Eleusis. His generosity in placing unpublished stones at my disposal, and his constant encouragement, have been delightful to remember. Next, to Hiller von Gaertringen, whose I.G. I has seldom, during this work, been far from my hand: all students of fifth-century Attic inscriptions will know what I owe him. I have had much help from Dow and Oliver of the American school: Dow indeed taught me to distinguish hands. Meritt's constant and exciting letters, while I was working on the Quota Lists, have made that the most useful section of my paper: I had much help also from West's pupil McGregor of Cincinnati University, who was working on the same subject (see below, p. 110).
A Roof at Delphi
Authors: Hodge A. Trevor 
Published: October 2013

Because of its dating on the borderline of archaic and classical, and its excellent state of preservation, the Treasury of the Athenians at Delphi has for long been a monument of great interest to scholars working in many fields of ancient art and architecture. It is my belief that it offers valuable and surprising evidence in the perplexing problem of how the ancients roofed their buildings; and to set forth the grounds for that belief is the aim of this paper.The roof over the pronaos was substantially different from the roof over the cella. Among other things, the pronaos had a stone instead of a wooden ceiling, which was, moreover, at a higher level. We are here concerned with the roof over the cella, for which alone there seems to be reliable evidence (mostly on the inside face of the west pediment). The French publication, otherwise extremely full, says little more than that the rather slender ridge beam and purlins were supported by props from the five massive crossbeams spanning the building, and that these carried a ceiling of boards fixed to their underside (FdD II 48). An examination of the stonework seems to suggest different conclusions.
A Hellenic Fortification Tower on the Kefala Ridge at Knossos
Authors: Hood Sinclair , Boardman John 
Published: October 2013

In the course of a search for tombs in the Knossos area during the spring of 1951 I noticed some large blocks of limestone masonry with curved edges that had just been removed from a newly planted vineyard, the property of Georgios Kargatzes, near the top of the hill forming the southern end of the long ridge on the northern tip of which stands the Isopata Royal Tomb. The site is about 250 metres north-west of the Zafer Papoura cemetery of Late Minoan tombs dug by Evans in 1904, and at the bottom of the slope to the west is a high bank with important Geometric tombs (Knossos Survey 15), explored by Hogarth during the first year of the excavations at Knossos in 1900.The curving blocks, together with the situation on the top of a hill less than half a kilometre south of the Kefala tholos tomb (Knossos Survey 8), excavated by Mr. R. W. Hutchinson in 1939, immediately raised hopes that another tholos tomb might await discovery here; and the fragments of Minoan pottery everywhere on and below the surface encouraged this belief. Dr. N. Platon, Ephor of Antiquities for Crete, visited the site and granted permission for the School to make trials to discover from what the blocks came. The Director of the School, Mr. J. M. Cook, gave his sanction for the work and asked me to undertake it. The plans were drawn by Mr. Piet de Jong, then the School's Curator at Knossos; the drawings of the vases are by Miss Susan Wood.
Identifying a Mycenaean State
Authors: Simpson R. Hope 
Published: October 2013

Ancient tradition, as recorded by Strabo and Pausanias, placed the Seven Cities offered by Agamemnon to Achilles in the area of the shores of the Messenian Gulf, between Kardamyle on the south-east and Methone on the south-west. The phrase πᾶσαι δ᾿ ἐγγὺς ἁλός roughly confines them to the coastal area, but it need not exclude identifications with sites farther inland, provided that these are not too far distant from the sea, and are connected with it by easy routes. For example, Kambos (?Ἐνόπη) and the site of the classical Thouria (?Ἄνθεια or Αἴπεια) lie 5 kilometres and 6 kilometres inland respectively, but their territory may have extended towards the coast, and the distance from the sea is not great. I have assumed as a working hypothesis that the Seven Cities actually existed in the Late Mycenaean Period, although possibly with slightly different names, and although they are not mentioned in the Achaean Catalogue of Ships in the Iliad; and I have taken the position of Mycenaean sites in the area to be the most relevant factor to the problem of locating the Seven Cities.I have carried out surface exploration in south Messenia over a period of five to six weeks with the purpose of finding out the pattern of the Mycenaean and earlier occupation of the district on the shores of the Messenian Gulf, and I shall give an account of the results obtained at each site, together with a discussion of previous work carried out by others, and then compare the facts with the testimony of the ancient writers, in particular Strabo and Pausanias, before stating my conclusions as to the locations of the Seven Cities, and attempting to reconstruct their history. The relevant sites will be discussed in geographical order from south-east to south-west. (See the map of the area, Fig. 1.)
On Some Inscriptions of the Milesian Islands
Authors: Cook J. M. 
Published: October 2013

The above text is published by G. Manganaro in his valuable and well-illustrated corpus of the inscriptions of the Milesian islands. The stone on which it is inscribed was dug up in a garden on the island of Lipsous (ancient Lepsia) in 1956 and studied by Manganaro on his visit there in 1962. The inscription, of late date, is cut at the foot of a grave stele, of whose sculptured relief surface the lesser portion survives with the lower part of a standing woman and seated man facing one another. The lettering is poor and shallow; and, to judge by the photograph in fig. 22, the text leaves a good deal of room for conjecture.Manganaro's restoration is full of interest. In explanation he says: ‘The dead woman was buried by her father, who perhaps killed her, notwithstanding her many lamentations (συμβο(ά)-σασαν πολλά), in a ravine or valley into which he had thrown her. The reason? Her desertion of her husband Apollodorus, toward whom the lady must have cherished an aversion (ἐκ δυσμενυίας) At the age of forty, in the splendour of her youthful prime, she, the sacrificer (θύτρια), found her tomb (βωμόσ).’
Roof drains and parapets in the southern Aegean
Authors: Shaw Joseph W. 
Published: October 2013

Excavations at Akrotiri on Thera, where some house roofs remain intact, have shown that U-shaped terracotta drains, set projecting out beyond the outside walls, drained roof terraces. These terraces were often surrounded by built parapets.What then of contemporary Neopalatial buildings on Crete, where construction and style are similar but much less is preserved? Evidence for the appearance and use of roofs and parapets there consists of drains that seem to have fallen, as now reported at various recently excavated sites (Kommos, Mochlos, Palaikastro); also staircases that probably led to the roof; and architectural depictions (a model, plaques).