bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac Dysfunction in HIV‐1 Transgenic Mouse: Role of Stress and BAG3
Authors: Cheung Joseph Y. , Gordon Jennifer , Wang JuFang , Song Jianliang , Zhang Xue‐Qian , Tilley Douglas G. , Gao Erhe , Koch Walter J. , Rabinowitz Joseph , Klotman Paul E. , Khalili Kamel , Feldman Arthur M. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSince highly active antiretroviral therapy improved long‐term survival of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, AIDS cardiomyopathy has become an increasingly relevant clinical problem. We used human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐1 transgenic (Tg26) mouse to explore molecular mechanisms of AIDS cardiomyopathy. Tg26 mice had significantly lower left ventricular (LV) mass and smaller end‐diastolic and end‐systolic LV volumes. Under basal conditions, cardiac contractility and relaxation and single myocyte contraction dynamics were not different between wild‐type (WT) and Tg26 mice. Ten days after open heart surgery, contractility and relaxation remained significantly depressed in Tg26 hearts, suggesting that Tg26 mice did not tolerate surgical stress well. To simulate heart failure in which expression of Bcl2‐associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) is reduced, we down‐regulated BAG3 by small hairpin ribonucleic acid in WT and Tg26 hearts. BAG3 down‐regulation significantly reduced contractility in Tg26 hearts. BAG3 overexpression rescued contractile abnormalities in myocytes expressing the HIV‐1 protein Tat. We conclude: (i) Tg26 mice exhibit normal contractile function at baseline; (ii) Tg26 mice do not tolerate surgical stress well; (iii) BAG3 down‐regulation exacerbated cardiac dysfunction in Tg26 mice; (iv) BAG3 overexpression rescued contractile abnormalities in myocytes expressing HIV‐1 protein Tat; and (v) BAG3 may occupy a role in pathogenesis of AIDS cardiomyopathy.
An Examination of How Supervisors Influence Their Subordinates to Engage in Environmental Behaviors
Authors: Cantor David E. , Morrow Paula C. , Blackhurst Jennifer 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTEmployee engagement in environmental behaviors is an important topic in operations management. Drawing upon stakeholder, commitment, and organizational support theories, this study creates and tests an empirical model of how store managers (i.e., supervisors) influence their direct reports (i.e., subordinates) to become engaged in environmental behaviors. Based on a dataset derived from supervisors and their subordinates who are employed at the same grocery store location across a large retail grocery chain, we test our study's nomological model and find support for the linkages proposed. Key research and managerial implications are discussed.
Bridging the Healthcare Access Divide: A Strategic Planning Model for Rural Telemedicine Network
Authors: Ishfaq Rafay , Raja Uzma 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTBalancing access to healthcare and sustaining operational efficiency is a major issue in strategic planning of rural healthcare delivery systems. In this regard, telemedicine is being adopted as a versatile and low cost mechanism for delivering rural healthcare. This article presents a strategic planning model that incorporates different operational and service elements of the rural telemedicine healthcare network. Real‐world data from the rural Black‐belt region in the United States are used in a case study. A novel statistical approach based on decision trees and logistic regression is used to estimate demand of healthcare at the county level. Key issues such as the location of telemedicine health centers, coverage of health services, configuration of medical equipment, and patient travel policies are explored in light of patient demographics, scale of health coverage, and disease prevalence patterns. Results indicate that telemedicine networks can effectively improve healthcare services in rural areas with requisite operational efficiency.
How pervasive is biotic homogenization in human‐modified tropical forest landscapes?
Authors: Solar Ricardo Ribeiro de Castro , Barlow Jos , Ferreira Joice , Berenguer Erika , Lees Alexander C. , Thomson James R. , Louzada Júlio , Maués Márcia , Moura Nárgila G. , Oliveira Victor H. F. , Chaul Júlio C. M. , Schoereder José Henrique , Vieira Ima Célia Guimarães , Mac Nally Ralph , Gardner Toby A. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractLand‐cover change and ecosystem degradation may lead to biotic homogenization, yet our understanding of this phenomenon over large spatial scales and different biotic groups remains weak. We used a multi‐taxa dataset from 335 sites and 36 heterogeneous landscapes in the Brazilian Amazon to examine the potential for landscape‐scale processes to modulate the cumulative effects of local disturbances. Biotic homogenization was high in production areas but much less in disturbed and regenerating forests, where high levels of among‐site and among‐landscape β‐diversity appeared to attenuate species loss at larger scales. We found consistently high levels of β‐diversity among landscapes for all land cover classes, providing support for landscape‐scale divergence in species composition. Our findings support concerns that β‐diversity has been underestimated as a driver of biodiversity change and underscore the importance of maintaining a distributed network of reserves, including remaining areas of undisturbed primary forest, but also disturbed and regenerating forests, to conserve regional biota.
Memantine elicits spinal blockades of motor function, proprioception, and nociception in rats
Authors: Chen Yu‐Wen , Chiu Chong‐Chi , Liu Kuo‐Sheng , Hung Ching‐Hsia , Wang Jhi‐Joung 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAlthough memantine blocks sodium currents and produces local skin anesthesia, spinal anesthesia with memantine is unknown. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the local anesthetic effect of memantine in spinal anesthesia and its comparison with a widely used local anesthetic lidocaine. After intrathecally injecting the rats with five doses of each drug, the dose—response curves of memantine and lidocaine were constructed. The potencies of the drugs and durations of spinal anesthetic effects on motor function, proprioception, and nociception were compared with those of lidocaine. We showed that memantine produced dose‐dependent spinal blockades in motor function, proprioception, and nociception. On a 50% effective dose (ED50) basis, the rank of potency was lidocaine greater than memantine (P < 0.05 for the differences). At the equipotent doses (ED25, ED50, ED75), the block duration produced by memantine was longer than that produced by lidocaine (P < 0.05 for the differences). Memantine, but not lidocaine, displayed more sensory/nociceptive block than motor block. The preclinical data demonstrated that memantine is less potent than lidocaine, whereas memantine produces longer duration of spinal anesthesia than lidocaine. Memantine shows a more sensory‐selective action over motor blockade.
Very high cycle fatigue crack initiation mechanism according to a 3D model of persistent slip bands formation in α‐ferrite
Authors: Wang C. , Wagner D. , Wang Q. , Huang Z. , Bathias C. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractMany studies on the behaviour of very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) showed that there appear some distinguishable features compared with the low and high cycle fatigue. The understanding of mechanism of fatigue crack initiation in VHCF is very important. In the present work, 1 mm thin sheet specimens on commercial pure iron were employed to perform tests under tension–compression cyclic loading at 20 kHz ultrasonic frequency. In situ observation was carried out with thermal and optical imaging. Local deformation marks on the specimen and the fracture surface near the crack initiation were investigated by scanning electron microscope. A micron abreast pipes 3D model has been constructed to illuminate the damage accumulation of irreversible deformation. It was found that the micron abreast pipes develop during previous cyclic loadings and remain unaffected at the fracture surface. A mechanism was established to explain the relationship between micron abreast pipes and fatigue crack initiation.
Decadally cycling soil carbon is more sensitive to warming than faster‐cycling soil carbon
Authors: Lin Junjie , Zhu Biao , Cheng Weixin 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe response of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools to globally rising surface temperature crucially determines the feedback between climate change and the global carbon cycle. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the temperature sensitivity of decomposition for decadally cycling SOC which is the main component of total soil carbon stock and the most relevant to global change. We tackled this issue using two decadally 13C‐labeled soils and a much improved measuring system in a long‐term incubation experiment. Results indicated that the temperature sensitivity of decomposition for decadally cycling SOC (>23 years in one soil and >55 years in the other soil) was significantly greater than that for faster‐cycling SOC (<23 or 55 years) or for the entire SOC stock. Moreover, decadally cycling SOC contributed substantially (35–59%) to the total CO2 loss during the 360‐day incubation. Overall, these results indicate that the decomposition of decadally cycling SOC is highly sensitive to temperature change, which will likely make this large SOC stock vulnerable to loss by global warming in the 21st century and beyond.
Nitrogen rate and landscape impacts on life cycle energy use and emissions from switchgrass‐derived ethanol
Authors: Mbonimpa Eric G. , Kumar Sandeep , Owens Vance N. , Chintala Rajesh , Sieverding Heidi L. , Stone James J. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSwitchgrass‐derived ethanol has been proposed as an alternative to fossil fuels to improve sustainability of the US energy sector. In this study, life cycle analysis (LCA) was used to estimate the environmental benefits of this fuel. To better define the LCA environmental impacts associated with fertilization rates and farm‐landscape topography, results from a controlled experiment were analyzed. Data from switchgrass plots planted in 2008, consistently managed with three nitrogen rates (0, 56, and 112 kg N ha−1), two landscape positions (shoulder and footslope), and harvested annually (starting in 2009, the year after planting) through 2014 were used as input into the Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions and Energy use in transportation (GREET) model. Simulations determined nitrogen (N) rate and landscape impacts on the life cycle energy and emissions from switchgrass ethanol used in a passenger car as ethanol–gasoline blends (10% ethanol:E10, 85% ethanol:E85s). Results indicated that E85s may lead to lower fossil fuels use (58 to 77%), greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (33 to 82%), and particulate matter (PM2.5) emissions (15 to 54%) in comparison with gasoline. However, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other criteria pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM10), and sulfur dioxides (SOx) were higher for E85s than those from gasoline. Nitrogen rate above 56 kg N ha−1 yielded no increased biomass production benefits; but did increase (up to twofold) GHG, VOCs, and criteria pollutants. Lower blend (E10) results were closely similar to those from gasoline. The landscape topography also influenced life cycle impacts. Biomass grown at the footslope of fertilized plots led to higher switchgrass biomass yield, lower GHG, VOCs, and criteria pollutants in comparison with those at the shoulder position. Results also showed that replacing switchgrass before maximum stand life (10–20 years.) can further reduce the energy and emissions reduction benefits.
Simulation of greenhouse gases following land‐use change to bioenergy crops using the ECOSSE model: a comparison between site measurements and model predictions
Authors: Dondini Marta , Richards Mark I. A. , Pogson Mark , McCalmont Jon , Drewer Julia , Marshall Rachel , Morrison Ross , Yamulki Sirwan , Harris Zoe M. , Alberti Giorgio , Siebicke Lukas , Taylor Gail , Perks Mike , Finch Jon , McNamara Niall P. , Smith Joanne U. , Smith Pete 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis article evaluates the suitability of the ECOSSE model to estimate soil greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from short rotation coppice willow (SRC‐Willow), short rotation forestry (SRF‐Scots Pine) and Miscanthus after land‐use change from conventional systems (grassland and arable). We simulate heterotrophic respiration (Rh), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) fluxes at four paired sites in the UK and compare them to estimates of Rh derived from the ecosystem respiration estimated from eddy covariance (EC) and Rh estimated from chamber (IRGA) measurements, as well as direct measurements of N2O and CH4 fluxes. Significant association between modelled and EC‐derived Rh was found under Miscanthus, with correlation coefficient (r) ranging between 0.54 and 0.70. Association between IRGA‐derived Rh and modelled outputs was statistically significant at the Aberystwyth site (r = 0.64), but not significant at the Lincolnshire site (r = 0.29). At all SRC‐Willow sites, significant association was found between modelled and measurement‐derived Rh (0.44 ≤ r ≤ 0.77); significant error was found only for the EC‐derived Rh at the Lincolnshire site. Significant association and no significant error were also found for SRF‐Scots Pine and perennial grass. For the arable fields, the modelled CO2 correlated well just with the IRGA‐derived Rh at one site (r = 0.75). No bias in the model was found at any site, regardless of the measurement type used for the model evaluation. Across all land uses, fluxes of CH4 and N2O were shown to represent a small proportion of the total GHG balance; these fluxes have been modelled adequately on a monthly time‐step. This study provides confidence in using ECOSSE for predicting the impacts of future land use on GHG balance, at site level as well as at national level.
Compositions and antioxidant properties of protein hydrolysates from the skins of four carp species
Authors: Wu Xiaosa , Cai Luyun , Zhang Yuhao , Mi Hongbo , Cheng Xuanru , Li Jianrong 
Published: August 2015

SummaryCompositions and antioxidant properties of protein hydrolysates prepared from four carp skins: black carp, grass carp, silver carp and bighead carp, using pepsin, with a degree of hydrolysis (DH) of 6–15%, were investigated. The yield of freeze‐dried hydrolysates was in the range of 54–62 g/100 g (dry skin). The content of protein and ash in four freeze‐dried hydrolysates was 72–81% and 8–17%, respectively. All hydrolysates contained high amount of hydrophobic amino acid residues (389–480 residues/1000 residues). Meanwhile, their antioxidant properties were evaluated by in vitro assays. The results revealed that all hydrolysates possessed potent antioxidant activities and showed dose dependency as the activity increased with sample concentration, capable of scavenging 72–88% of DPPH and 61–69% of hydroxyl radicals, respectively, at the highest tested concentration. The hydrolysates exhibited high reducing power and β‐carotene–linoleic acid oxidation inhibition. Among the four hydrolysates, the hydrolysate derived from bighead carp skin was superior to others in terms of yield, DH and antioxidant activities.
Long‐term quality of life outcomes and retreatment rates after robotic sacrocolpopexy
Authors: Linder Brian J , Chow George K , Elliott Daniel S 
Published: August 2015

ObjectiveTo evaluate the long‐term outcomes and potential predictors of treatment failure after robotic sacrocolpopexy.MethodsWe identified 70 consecutive patients from 2002 to 2012 with symptomatic post‐hysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse that underwent robotic sacrocolpopexy. Multiple clinical and surgical variables were evaluated for potential association with treatment failure, which was defined as any repeat operation for recurrent prolapse or mesh‐related complications.ResultsThe median age at surgery was 67 years (interquartile range 59–74 years) and median follow up was 72 months (interquartile range 39–114 months). Overall, six out of 70 patients (8.6%) underwent a total of six secondary surgeries, including four for recurrent prolapse (two anterior repairs, one posterior repair, one apical) and two mesh complications. No patient‐related factors were associated with the risk of repeat surgery: age (P = 0.45), diabetes mellitus (P = 0.24), tobacco use (P = 0.61) or prior prolapse surgery (P = 0.1) on univariate analysis. Freedom from repeat prolapse surgery or surgery for mesh complication was 98% at 1 year, 95% at 3 years and 90% at 6 years. At last follow up, 80% of patients reported that they would or probably would recommend robotic sacrocolpopexy to a family member or friend.ConclusionsRobotic sacrocolpopexy is associated with excellent long‐term outcomes. Recognition of long‐term success is important for preoperative patient counseling.
Chrono‐immunology: progress and challenges in understanding links between the circadian and immune systems
Authors: Geiger Sarah S. , Fagundes Caio T. , Siegel Richard M. 
Published: August 2015

SummaryDevelopment of inflammatory diseases, such as metabolic syndrome and cancer, is prevalent in individuals that encounter continuous disruption of their internal clock. Further, daily oscillations in susceptibility to infection as well as a multitude of other immunological processes have been described. Much progress has been made and various mechanisms have been proposed to explain circadian variations in immunity; yet much is still unknown. Understanding the crosstalk between the circadian and the immune systems will allow us to manipulate clock outputs to prevent and treat inflammatory diseases in individuals at risk. This review briefly summarizes current knowledge about circadian rhythms and their role in the immune system and highlights progress and challenges in chrono‐immunological research.
Raiders of the Lost Art: A review of published evaluations of inpatient mental health care experiences emanating from the United Kingdom, Portugal, Canada, Switzerland, Germany and Australia
Authors: Cutcliffe John R. , Santos Jose Carlos , Kozel Bernd , Taylor Petrea , Lees David 
Published: August 2015

AbstractForming interpersonal therapeutic relationships with mental health Service Users remains a key aspect of the practice of Psychiatric/Mental Health nurses. Given the omnipresence of the concept within the relevant literature the reader could be forgiven for asking: why would Psychiatric/Mental Health nurses opine about something so basic, so ubiquitous and so central to the theory and practice of our discipline? While the authors could locate no substantive argument that refutes the role or value of such relationships, a sizable, growing and reasonably consistent body of work has emerged, which appears to indicate that this centrality and value is not necessarily reflected in many clinical practice settings. Accordingly, we draw on the published evaluations of mental health care emanating from the United Kingdom, Portugal, Canada, Switzerland, Germany and Australia, compare these findings and highlight similarities or/and congruence and discuss a range of issues arising out of the findings. Alas, the findings seem to depict a mental health care inpatient experience that is often devoid of warm therapeutic relationships, respectful interactions, information or choice about treatment and any kind of formal/informal ‘talk therapy’. Instead such care experiences are personified by: coercion, disinterest, inhumane practices, custodial and controlling practitioners and a gross over use of pharmacological ‘treatments’.
Molybdenum Mass Fractions and Isotopic Compositions of International Geological Reference Materials
Authors: Zhao Pei‐Pei , Li Jie , Zhang Le , Wang Zhi‐Bing , Kong De‐Xin , Ma Jin‐Long , Wei Gang‐Jian , Xu Ji‐Feng 
Published: August 2015

The double‐spike method with multi‐collector inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry was used to measure the Mo mass fractions and isotopic compositions of a set of geological reference materials including the mineral molybdenite, seawater, coral, as well as igneous and sedimentary rocks. The long‐term reproducibility of the Mo isotopic measurements, based on two‐year analyses of NIST SRM 3134 reference solutions and seawater samples, was ≤ 0.07‰ (two standard deviations, 2s, n = 167) for δ98/95Mo. Accuracy was evaluated by analyses of Atlantic seawater, which yielded a mean δ98/95Mo of 2.03 ± 0.06‰ (2s, n = 30, relative to NIST SRM 3134 = 0‰) and mass fraction of 0.0104 ± 0.0006 μg g−1 (2s, n = 30), which is indistinguishable from seawater samples taken world‐wide and measured in other laboratories. The comprehensive data set presented in this study serves as a reference for quality assurance and interlaboratory comparison of high‐precision Mo mass fractions and isotopic compositions.
Red Sea fishes in the Mediterranean Sea: a preliminary investigation of a biological invasion using DNA barcoding
Authors: Bariche Michel , Torres Martha , Smith Colin , Sayar Nancy , Azzurro Ernesto , Baker Ryan , Bernardi Giacomo 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAimMore than 90 marine fish species in the Mediterranean have been determined to be alien species of Red Sea origin to date and therefore it is important to prioritize research into cataloguing their distribution and impacts. The aims of this study were to establish a barcode library for alien Mediterranean fishes of probable Red Sea origin and to initiate analyses of their invasion dynamics.LocationMediterranean Sea.MethodsSpecimens of exotic fishes were collected directly from the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Lebanon or obtained from fish markets in Lebanon. Samples were first identified morphologically and later barcoded using the universal cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) mitochondrial marker. Barcodes were compared with GenBank and BOLD database entries and analysed using genetic similarity indexes and neighbour‐joining distance trees.ResultsIn total, 156 specimens were collected, corresponding to 43 species. The sequence similarity between these sequences and their closest GenBank and BOLD matches ranged between 100% and 83.5%. The 2% genetic distance criterion, often used as a threshold for assigning positive species identification, was met for 31 of 43 (72%) alien species. Sequences from the remaining species (28%) matched species in the databases that were either in the same genus (congeneric) or in the same family (confamilial). In two cases, namely Plotosus lineatus and Sargocentron rubrum, barcoding revealed a possible species complex (P. lineatus) and multiple unrecognized species existing in the Mediterranean Sea (S. rubrum).Main conclusionsOur study presents a preliminary DNA barcode library, useful for identifying correctly alien fish species of Red Sea origin in the Mediterranean Sea. The results show that most species could be identified, yet the data also uncovered some taxa with unresolved taxonomy and possible cases of unrecognized or cryptic species invasions.