bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time of Day and Accurate Weights for Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Siehoff Alice M. , Ryan Catherine 
Published: October 2012

Heart failure (HF) is a significant health problem in the United States. It is estimated that 5.8 million Americans currently live with a diagnosis of HF (American Heart Association, 2010). Despite the fact that daily weight monitoring of patients with HF in the hospital has long been a standard part of monitoring effectiveness of treatment, the literature is lacking recommendations based on evidence specific to the optimal time of day for weighing inpatients. The clinical question under consideration is the following: In hospitalized patients with HF, does consistently measuring weights in the evening compared to early morning accurately reflect differences in net weight gain or loss?In this quasi-experimental, prospective cohort pilot study, 29 patients who met inclusion criteria were weighed in the morning and again in the evening. Results of this study revealed predictable differences for morning (M = 3.09, SD = 2.06) and evening weights (M = 2.47, SD = 1.80); t(28) = −2.602, p = .015. For study patients with three consecutive days of weights (N = 24), Pearson product-moment correlations revealed a statistically significant correlation between individual differences/changes in a.m. and p.m. weights, r(22) = .752, p < .001.The implication for clinical practice is that weights should be measured at a consistent time of day. This may be the morning or evening.
Effective Fracture Treatment Determination in Unconventional Reservoirs
Authors: Smith Charles H. , Ziane Lynda 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Many unknowns are still present in production techniques and completion procedures for unconventional reservoirs. The issue that seems to be the determining factor in production is surface area created by the fracture treatment technique. Data and analysis techniques used in the horizontal wells must be focused to provide the best design parameters for this fracture treatment.
Typical unconventional reservoirs have internal complexities that are not apparent in other reservoirs. As in other rock conditions, contrasts occur at bed boundaries, but other contrasts occur within the rock itself. These contrasts are commonly observed as minor fracture sets and minute horizontal bedding contrasts. Either or both of these conditions significantly affect the effectiveness of the fracture treatment and may impede the progression of the designed treatment. A technique is needed that will adequately describe these contrasts.
Dipole sonic logs can resolve rock mechanical properties in the traditional vertical direction, along with these same properties in the horizontal dimension. This vertical and horizontal resolution is acquired in a pilot hole and is used to define the landing horizon. The same data is used to establish the expected fracture treatment behavior from the initiation in a horizontal wellbore. The dipole sonic can also establish rock mechanical properties throughout the length of the horizontal section. This combined information enables the most efficient completion for the well.
This paper demonstrates the application of these techniques to establish the best landing point for the horizontal well and to design the fracture treatment to overcome potential problems. The ability of the fracture to maintain its shape and size is maximized through this process, which increases the reservoir surface area exposed by the treatment.
Root resorption diagnosed with cone beam computed tomography after 6 months and at the end of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances
Authors: Makedonas Dimitrios , Lund Henrik , Hansen Ken 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To investigate the prevalence of orthodontically induced root resorption after treatment and the correlation with resorption found after 6 months of treatment.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred fifty-six patients (11–18 years) treated with fixed appliances and extraction of four premolars were examined with cone beam computed tomography before treatment, after 6 months of treatment (n  =  97), and at the end of active treatment. The Malmgren Index was used to describe the degree of root resorption.

Results:
Severe root resorption (&gt;2 mm, score 3) was found in 25.6% of the patients at the end of treatment. Extreme root resorption was found in one patient. Root resorption was seen more frequently in the maxillary incisor region. There was no correlation between the severity of root resorption after 6 months and the amount observed at the end of treatment. Furthermore, no correlation was seen between treatment duration and the severity of root resorption.

Conclusions:
Clinically significant resorption was diagnosed in 25.6% of the patients, but no correlations, either with the resorption seen after 6 months or with the length of treatment, were found. Radiographic examination after 3 to 6 months of orthodontic treatment is too early and will not reduce the number of patients who will have teeth with severe root resorption.
Plasma Exposure to Insulin Glargine and Its Metabolites M1 and M2 After Subcutaneous Injection of Therapeutic and Supratherapeutic Doses of Glargine in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Bolli Geremia B. , Hahn Annke D. , Schmidt Ronald , Eisenblaetter Tanja , Dahmen Raphael , Heise Tim , Becker Reinhard H.A. 
Published: October 2012

OBJECTIVE
In vivo, after subcutaneous injection, insulin glargine (21A-Gly-31B-Arg-32B-Arg-human insulin) is enzymatically processed into 21A-Gly-human insulin (metabolite 1 [M1]). 21A-Gly-des-30B-Thr-human insulin (metabolite 2 [M2]) is also found. In vitro, glargine exhibits slightly higher affinity, whereas M1 and M2 exhibit lower affinity for IGF-1 receptor, as well as mitogenic properties, versus human insulin. The aim of the study was to quantitate plasma concentrations of glargine, M1, and M2 after subcutaneous injection of glargine in male type 1 diabetic subjects.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Glargine, M1, and M2 were determined in blood samples obtained from 12, 11, and 11 type 1 diabetic subjects who received single subcutaneous doses of 0.3, 0.6, or 1.2 units · kg−1 glargine in a euglycemic clamp study. Glargine, M1, and M2 were extracted using immunoaffinity columns and quantified by a specific liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay. Lower limit of quantification was 0.2 ng · mL−1 (33 pmol · L−1) per analyte.

RESULTS
Plasma M1 concentration increased with increasing dose; geometric mean (percent coefficient of variation) M1-area under the curve between time of dosing and 30 h after dosing (AUC0–30h) was 1,261 (66), 2,867 (35), and 4,693 (22) pmol · h · L−1 at doses of 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 units · kg−1, respectively, and correlated with metabolic effect assessed as pharmacodynamics-AUC0–30h of the glucose infusion rate following glargine administration (r = 0.74; P &lt; 0.01). Glargine and M2 were detectable in only one-third of subjects and at a few time points.

CONCLUSIONS
After subcutaneous injection of glargine in male subjects with type 1 diabetes, exposure to glargine is marginal, if any, even at supratherapeutic doses. Glargine is rapidly and nearly completely processed to M1 (21A-Gly-human insulin), which mediates the metabolic effect of injected glargine.
Treatment of soy bean process water using hybrid processes
Authors: Pauer Viktor , Csefalvay Edit , Mizsey Peter 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The soy bean process water that is a by-product of soy processing technology can be utilized with a hybrid separation system recommended and investigated in this work. The aims of the soy bean water processing are to i.) concentrate the valuable components of the soy process water and ii.) reuse its water content. Two hybrid separation systems are considered and investigated: ultrafiltration followed by nanofiltration and centrifugal separation followed by nanofiltration. These hybrid separation systems are new in the area of their current application. Experiments verify that centrifugal separation is a more appropriate pre-treatment method for the removal of suspended solids and for the preservation of the sucrose content of the soy bean process water than ultrafiltration. Total sucrose can be rejected by nanofiltration membrane forming a sugar-rich retentate that contains other valuable components, too. Both tested hybrid processes result in clear and reusable permeates with low chemical oxygen demand that can be recycled to the production process reducing its water consumption and improving its sustainability. The recommended new hybrid separation system, centrifugal separation followed by nanofiltration, proves to be successful in this area of the biochemical industry.
Drug screening in human plasma by cloud-point extraction and HPLC
Authors: Madej Katarzyna , Persona Karolina 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Cloud-point extraction (CPE) with RP-HPLC/DAD detection was used to develop a screen for six model basic drugs (paracetamol, promazine, amitriptyline, nortriptyline, clomipramine and chlorpromazine) in human plasma. These drugs’ varied hydrophobicities entail different affinities for the micelle-rich phase and CPE extraction efficiencies. Extraction recovery (except paracetamol) was above 80% and reproducibility (RSD%) ranged from 2.88 to 10.26 intraday and from 3.12 to 12.33 interday. The limits of detection were: 0.125 µg mL−1 (promazine and chlorpromazine), 0.25 µg mL−1 (amitriptyline and nortriptyline) and 0.5 µg mL−1 (paracetamol and clomipramine). The method was linear over the ranges: 0.125–1.0 µg mL−1 (promazine and chlorpromazine), 0.25–1.0 µg mL−1 (amitriptyline and nortriptyline), 0.5–1.0 µg mL−1 (clomipramine) and 0.5–10 µg mL−1 (paracetamol). The procedure is a good alternative to the SPE or LLE sample preparation usually used.
Octahedral CuII and NiII complexes manifesting with N′-[1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene] acetohydrazide: Structural outlooks and spectral characteristics
Authors: Datta Amitabha , Huang Jui-Hsien , Clegg Jack , Liu Pei-Hsin , Chuang Sheng-Jie 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
A tridentate hydrazone precursor, N′-[1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene]acetohydrazide (L) (1:1 refluxed product of acetichydrazide and 2-acetylpyridine), produced two octahedral CuII and NiII derivatives, [CuL2]·NO3 (1) and [NiL2]·ClO4·H2O (2). Both are subjected to X-ray diffraction system, and structural investigation shows that the central metal atom (CuII or NiII) adopts a distorted octahedral geometry with N4O2 donor sets by coordination of a pair of independent hydrazone precursors. Besides X-ray study, IR and UV-vis spectra, thermal analysis and room temperature magnetic moments are utilized for establishing significant characteristics of both complexes. It is apparent that the M-Npyridine bonds are slightly longer than the M-Nimino bonds, Cu1-N1 and Cu1-N4 [2.300(2) and 2.038(2) Å] for 1 and Ni1-N1 and Ni1-N4 [2.075(2) and 2.084(1) Å] for 2, Cu1-N2 and Cu1-N5 [2.062(1) and 1.932(1) Å] for 1 and Ni1-N2 and Ni1-N5 [2.008(2) and 1.975(2) Å] for 2, respectively. As per our observation, the effective magnetic moment value (µeff) is found to be 1.77 B.M. for 1 and 3.06 BM for 2, respectively.
Physical Activity in Students of the Medical University of Silesia in Poland
Authors: Dąbrowska-Galas Magdalena , Plinta Ryszard , Dąbrowska Jolanta , Skrzypulec-Plinta Violetta 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundMedical students and other health care professionals have substantial knowledge of the benefits of regular physical activity. Furthermore, as they have an ethical obligation to prescribe suitable exercises, they can influence their patients' attitude toward physical activity and can become role models for their patients. Physical therapists, who are primary care practitioners, have great potential for promoting physical activity; however, their role is still underestimated by patients and health care professionals.ObjectiveThe objectives of this study were to evaluate physical activity level in students of the Medical University of Silesia in Poland and to focus on the role of physical therapist students in promoting physical activity.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.MethodsThe final analysis included 300 students from the schools of physical therapy, midwifery, nursing, pharmacy, cosmetology, and medicine at the Medical University of Silesia. The short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to evaluate physical activity level.ResultsPhysical therapist students demonstrated the highest level of physical activity, with 46% demonstrating a high level of physical activity, 54% a moderate level of physical activity, and none a low level of physical activity. The largest group of students with a low level of physical activity comprised students from the school of medicine (26%).LimitationsThe number of respondents was relatively small. The main study limitations included its cross-sectional nature and the possibility of self-report biases. Further research is warranted to expand the study nationally and determine which factors influence physical activity.ConclusionsThere was a large group of medical students who, despite being aware of benefits of physical activity, did not meet the recommended level of physical activity. Physical therapist students are well trained and qualified to promote healthy habits and encourage individuals to undertake regular physical activity.
Ankle Joint Mobilization Affects Postoperative Pain Through Peripheral and Central Adenosine A1 Receptors
Authors: Martins Daniel F. , Mazzardo-Martins Leidiane , Cidral-Filho Francisco J. , Stramosk Juliana , Santos Adair R.S. 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundPhysical therapists frequently use joint mobilization therapy techniques to treat people with musculoskeletal dysfunction and pain. Several studies suggest that endogenous adenosine may act in an analgesic fashion in various pain states.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the contribution of the adenosinergic system on the antihyperalgesic effect of ankle joint mobilization (AJM).DesignThis was a experimental study.MethodsTo test the hypothesis that the adrenosinergic system is involved in the antihyperalgesic effect of AJM, mice (25–35 g) submitted to plantar incision surgery were used as a model of acute postoperative pain. The mice were subjected to AJM for 9 minutes. Withdrawal frequency to mechanical stimuli was assessed 24 hours after plantar incision surgery and 30 minutes after AJM, adenosine, clonidine, or morphine treatments. The adenosinergic system was assessed by systemic (intraperitoneal), central (intrathecal), and peripheral (intraplantar) administration of caffeine. The participation of the A1 receptor was investigated using a selective adenosine A1 receptor subtype antagonist. In addition, previous data on the involvement of the serotonergic and noradrenergic systems in the antihyperalgesic effect of AJM were confirmed.ResultsAnkle joint mobilization decreased mechanical hyperalgesia, and this effect was reversed by pretreatment of the animals with caffeine given by intraperitoneal, intraplantar, and intrathecal routes. In addition, intraplanar and intrathecal administrations of 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine (DPCPX, a selective adenosine A1 subtype receptor antagonist) or systemic administration of yohimbine or ρ-chlorophenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride (PCPA) blocked the antihyperalgesia induced by AJM.LimitationsThe results are limited to animal models and cannot be generalized to acute pain in humans.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated the involvement of the adenosinergic system in the antihyperalgesic effect of AJM in a rodent model of pain and provides a possible mechanism basis for AJM-induced relief of acute pain.
Strong differences in genetic structure across disjunct, edge, and core populations of the distylous forest herbPulmonaria officinalis(Boraginaceae)
Authors: Meeus Sofie , Honnay Olivier , Jacquemyn Hans 
Published: October 2012

•Premise of the study:Populations at the edge of a species’ distribution area are often small and have low levels of gene flow resulting in lower genetic variation and higher differentiation compared to core populations. This study examined genetic variation among populations of the distylous temperate forest herbPulmonaria officinalislocated in the core, the edge, and outside the species’ main distribution range.•Methods:We compared patterns of genetic variation for eight microsatellite loci between disjunct (Belgium), edge (western Germany), and core (eastern Germany) populations ofP. officinalis.•Key results:Disjunct populations contained only a subset of alleles found in edge and core populations and had significantly lower within‐population genetic variation. No significant differences, however, in within‐population genetic variation were found between edge and core populations, except for allelic and genotypic richness. Genetic differentiation was highest among disjunct (FST= 0.11) and lowest among core populations (FST= 0.03). Significant (P< 0.01) isolation by distance was found for disjunct and edge populations (rM= 0.29 and 0.50, respectively), but not for core populations (rM= 0.18).•Conclusions:The results are best interpreted from a “dynamic range” point of view in which the observed low levels of genetic diversity and high genetic differentiation in disjunct populations are best explained through historical processes, most likely the introduction of the species in medieval times. Lower levels of gene flow caused by the pronounced fragmentation of forests in Belgium may further have contributed to the genetic structure ofP. officinalisin these disjunct populations.
L’edizione critica delle liriche medievali: considerazioni dall’Italia
Authors: Brunetti Giuseppina 
Published: October 2012

Cet article propose une réflexion sur l’édition des textes lyriques médiévaux en Italie. Adopter une perspective « nationale » permet d’évaluer la validité des méthodes d’édition et de leurs paradigmes interprétatifs (comme par exemple la méthode « translachmannienne »). On songe notamment aux expériences critiques de Pasquali, Debenedetti et Barbi mais également à celles de Contini, Segre, Roncaglia, Varvaro ou Antonelli. La critique textuelle doit cependant dépasser ces paradigmes et adopter un point de vue philologique comparatif. La lecture d’un texte nécessitant toujours une interprétation historique, on peut affirmer qu’il possède des variantes mais pas de variance: cette soi-disant mouvance apparaît plus comme une tendance à l’« atomisation » du texte que comme un outil herméneutique réellement efficace. En conclusion de l’essai, on trouvera un exemple d’édition expérimentale d’un ancien texte italien de Giacomino Pugliese.
Manuscrit de base et variantes de tradition dans le Chevalier de la charrette
Authors: Asperti Stefano , Menichetti Caterina , Rachetta Maria Teresa 
Published: October 2012

Ces dernières décennies, les nouvelles technologies ont mis à la disposition des chercheurs une quantité considérable de ressources et de donnés. Pour le Conte de la Charrette de Chrétien de Troyes, ce progrès est dû principalement au Projet homonyme de Foulet et Uitti et à ses prolongements. Cependant, les nouveaux matériaux sont restés en marge des discussions de critique textuelle. Le débat autour du texte du roman de Chrétien s’est en effet polarisé sur la validité du texte transmis par la copie de Guiot (BNF, fr. 794) – employée pourtant comme manuscrit de base dans toutes les éditions les plus récentes. Nous proposons ici une approche différente du problème en vue de valoriser le riche patrimoine de variantes repérables dans la tradition manuscrite tout en préservant la lisibilité du roman. Nous soumettons donc à la réflexion une présentation du texte dans laquelle un commentaire de la varia lectio est relié à une « version de base ». Nous livrons cinq exemples pour lesquels nous croyons qu’une nouvelle évaluation de la varia lectio permet de mieux apprécier la richesse - en terme de lexique, de langue poétique, finalement de qualité littéraire - du texte de Chrétien.
Lipopolysaccharide and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Cooperate To Induce Inflammatory Molecules and Leukocyte Adhesion in Endothelial Cells
Authors: Fernández-Pisonero Isabel , Dueñas Ana I. , Barreiro Olga , Montero Olimpio , Sánchez-Madrid Francisco , García-Rodríguez Carmen 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Given that TLRs and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are key players in inflammation, we explored the potential interplay between TLRs and S1P in the adhesion/inflammatory pathways in primary human endothelial cells. As determined by Western blot and flow cytometry, cells treated with LPS (a TLR4 ligand) and S1P showed significantly enhanced expression of adhesion molecules such as ICAM-1 and E-selectin compared with the effect of either ligand alone. Cell-type differences on E-selectin upregulation were observed. In contrast, no cooperation effect on ICAM-1 or E-selectin was observed with a TLR2/TLR1 ligand. Consistent with an increase in adhesion molecule expression, endothelial cell treatment with LPS plus S1P significantly enhanced adhesion of PBMCs under shear stress conditions compared with the effect of either ligand alone and exhibited comparable levels of cell adhesion strength as those after TNF-α treatment. Moreover, LPS and S1P cooperated to increase the expression of proinflammatory molecules such as IL-6, cyclooxygenase-2, and prostacyclin, as determined by ELISA and Western blot. The analysis of signaling pathways revealed the synergistic phosphorylation of ERK upon LPS plus S1P treatment of HUVEC and human aortic endothelial cells and cell-type differences on p38 and NF-κB activation. Moreover, pharmacological and small interfering RNA experiments disclosed the involvement of S1P1/3 and NF-κB in the cooperation effect and that cell origin determines the S1P receptors and signaling routes involved. Sphingosine kinase activity induction upon LPS plus S1P treatment suggests S1P– Sphingosine kinase axis involvement. In summary, LPS and S1P cooperate to increase proinflammatory molecules in endothelial cells and, in turn, to augment leukocyte adhesion, thus exacerbating S1P-mediated proadhesive/proinflammatory properties.
Transient impedance changes in venous endothelial monolayers as a biological radiation dosimetry response
Authors: Young Erik F. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
In March of 2011, a magnitude 9.0 earthquake and subsequent 14 meter high tsunami caused major damage to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in Japan. The release of radiation, along with other uncontrolled releases elsewhere, revealed the necessity of a portable high throughput minimally invasive biological dosimetry modality. Immediate and early radiation effects on vasculature could be used as a dosimetry modality. To test whether non-coronary vasculature exhibited transient perturbation in barrier function, video microscopy studies and electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) technology were used to probe very subtle changes in primary human vascular endothelium. In our studies, human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) monolayers exhibited a transient, significant decrease (p = 0.017) in monolayer resistance three hours after irradiation with 5.0 Gy of γ rays. Radiation induced perturbations in HUVEC monolayer permeability are similar in magnitude and kinetics to those observed in coronary arterial endothelium. Therefore, at least two types of endothelia respond to radiation on ECIS arrays with an early transient disruption in permeability. This finding supports the use of early passage HUVECs for use in bioelectric dosimetry studies of vasculature and suggests that permeability changes in superficial vessels and sequellae could potentially serve as biological dosimetry tools.