bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proposed shorter duration protocols for measuring resting energy expenditure utilizing whole room indirect calorimetry.
Authors: Rising Russell , Kittrell Hannah , Albu Jeanine 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Sixty-minutes is currently the shortest testing duration for 24-hour resting energy expenditure (24-h REE) utilizing whole room indirect calorimetry.
Objective
Show that recalculated 30-minute extrapolated 24-h REE from previously published 60-minute metabolic data are valid.
Methods
Propane consumption linearity was determined through an eight-hour combustion test. Thereafter, metabolic data for 24-h extrapolated ventilation rates of oxygen (VO2; l/d), carbon dioxide (VCO2; l/d), respiratory quotient (RQ; VCO2/VO2) and REE (MJ/d) from ten 60-minute propane combustion tests were recalculated to reflect a 30-minute testing duration. A similar analysis was performed utilizing data from 60-minute subject metabolic measurements within a whole room indirect calorimeter (4,597 liters) specific for measuring resting energy expenditure (REE). Statistical (p < 0.05) comparisons between recalculated and original 60-minute metabolic data were determined by SPSS (version 27).
Results
Propane consumption during a combustion test was found to be linear for up to eight-hours. Furthermore, no differences existed between propane stoichiometry and combustion for any of the extrapolated 24-h metabolic parameters when recalculated from 60-minute propane combustion data to reflect a 30-minute duration. Finally, similar results were obtained for all recalculated subject metabolic data.
Conclusions
Recalculated extrapolated 24-h metabolic data derived from a 30-minute testing duration appear to be valid. This suggests that whole room indirect calorimetry could be an adjunct for various weight loss or other programs where accurate metabolic measurements are required.
Analysing Elemental Compositions and Origins of Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) in Faridabad, Haryana (India)
Authors: Yadav Neha , Bajar Somvir , Yadav Kavita , Gupta Sakshi , Vijayan Narayanasamy , Sharma Sudhir Kumar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In the present investigation, elemental concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were examined in Faridabad, a heavily polluted city of, Haryana, India from July 2022 to July 2023 at 2 representative sampling sites. The mean mass concentration (± standard deviation) of PM2.5 over the period of the investigation was calculated to be 108 ± 16 µg m− 3 at site 1 and 154 ± 11 µg m− 3 at site 2. PM2.5 mass concentrations of both the sites surpassing the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) limit (for 24 h: 60 µg m− 3 and for annual :40 µg m− 3) during the study. Throughout the study period, 41 elements at Site 1 (designated as institutional) and 43 elements at Site 2 (designated as residential) in PM2.5 were extracted using a Wavelength-dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (WD-XRF). The annual mean concentrations of elements composition of PM2.5 accounted for 14.9% at site 1 and 16.9% at site 2. The seasonal mass concentrations of PM2.5 for both the study sites exhibited at the order of post-monsoon (site 1: 197 ± 29 µg m− 3; site 2: 236 ± 12 µg m− 3) > winter (167 ± 11 µg m− 3; site 2: 236 ± 9 µg m− 3) > summer (87 ± 8µg m− 3; site 2: 104 ± 4 µg m− 3) > monsoon (48 ± 2 µg m− 3; site 2: 86 ± 5 µg m− 3). Cl, K, Fe, S, and Si are the major elements observed at site 1, and Si, K, Fe, S, Cl, Ca, and Al are at site 2, followed by elevated levels of other minor elements at both sites. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) determined five primary sources [crustal dust (site 1: 22%; site 2: 23%), combustion (site 1: 18%; site 2: 18%), biomass burning (site 1: 19%; site 2: 15%), industrial emissions (site 1: 22%; site 2: 29%), and mixed source (site 1: 19%; site 2: 15%)] of PM2.5 from both the sites in Faridabad, Haryana.
A multi-center study on bundles of catheter-associated urinary tract infections in intensive care units
Authors: Huang Huiping , Huang Lei , Yan Sihan , Wang Chuanpeng , Wu Tingting , Chen Deqin , Chen Tingting , Chen Hongbing , Huang Weimin , Xue Alin , Yang Jianzhou , Chen Houzhi , Zhuang Guihua 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are the most common type of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Current studies mainly focused on the risk factors, but the method to control is unresolved. We aimed to give an overview of the epidemiology of CAUTIs and to explore the bundles intervention effect in intensive care unit (ICU) inpatients.
Methods
A multi-center, double blind, prospective study was conducted in eight Xiamen’s medical centers during six months, We recruited ICU inpatients who had indwelling urinary catheters > = 48h. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square and student's t-test.
Results
With bundle interventions, the CAUTIs rate in ICUs was decreased from 3.84 to 1.31 per 1000 urinary catheter days. The urinary catheter utilization was significantly decreased after bundles (71.29–62.70%), the average duration of indwelling urinary catheters was significantly decreased as well (7,035 days vs 6,884 days). CAUTIs in patients over 60 years old were found a significantly reduction after bundles. There were 45 causative organisms detected from 36 cases of CAUTIs, including 12 multidrug-resistant bacteria.
Conclusions
Bundles have been shown to reduce the risk of CAUTIs in patients with indwelling catheters in the ICU, especially in the elderly. It also significantly reduces the use of Carbapenem. Therefore, CAUTI bundles are recommended to clinicians.
Exploring the crosstalk mechanism and immune relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and IgA nephropathy based on comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and machine learning
Authors: Gong Zhaoyuan , Che Qianzi , Hu Mingzhi , Zhang Haili , Liang Ning , Li Huizhen , Song Tian , Chen Lin , Liu Bin , Guo Jing , Shi Nannan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 is a disease caused by SARS CoV-2 infection and has caused a global pandemic. Currently, it remains a threat to global human health. IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the main pathological type of renal injury in patients with COVID-19, and leads to poor prognosis. However, the correlation and pathogenesis between COVID-19 and IgAN are not completely clear. The purpose of this study is to identify the crosstalk gene between COVID-19 and IgAN, and to preliminarily explore its clinical value and molecular mechanism.
Methods: We obtained the COVID-19 and IgAN expression profile datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis was applied to identify the crosstalk DEGs (CDEGs). Two machine learning methods (LASSO regression and SVM-RFE) were used to further screen for common diagnostic biomarkers of these two diseases from CDEGs. Furthermore, we conducted GO and KEGG pathway analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, hub gene identification, immune microenvironment analysis, and candidate traditional Chinese medicine herbs and ingredients prediction on CDEGs.
Result: A total of 61 CDEGs were identified by the intersection of DEGs between COVID-19 and IgAN cohorts. CDEGs were mainly involved in many infectious disease pathways and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathways. Functional enrichment showed that IL-1B involved six pathways, which may be a key gene in the common mechanism of COVID-19 and IgAN. After screening through machine learning, we found that TOP2A was the best shared diagnostic biomarker for COVID-19 and IgAN. Hub genes, as well as immune-related genes, and transcription factors of hub genes, were screened out. The results of immune infiltration showed that CDEGs are highly correlated with multiple infiltrating immune cells. Based on the CDEGs, cluster analysis was used to respectively regroup COVID-19 and IgAN samples into two clusters. 10 potential traditional Chinese medicine herbs and ingredients for treating COVID-19 related IgAN were proposed.
Conclusion: In our study, we reveal the molecular network and signal pathway connecting COVID-19 and IgAN. Furthermore, we have screened the optimal diagnostic biomarkers for COVID-19 and IgAN. Our findings reveal a close relationship between CDEGs and the immune microenvironment of diseases. This provides clues for further exploring the common mechanism and interaction of these two diseases, and may provide new targets and drugs for intervention of COVID-19 related IgAN.
Exploring Arterial Anatomy of the Internal Capsule: an Analysis of the Deep Vascular Structures and Related White Matter Pathways
Authors: Ülkü Göktuğ , Demirtaş Oğuz Kağan , Lawton Michael T , Pamir M Necmettin , Güngör Abuzer 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The internal capsule is supplied by perforators originating from the internal carotid artery, middle cerebral artery, anterior choroidal artery and anterior cerebral artery. To gain three-dimensional understanding of the region's blood supply and anatomy, we need to grasp how the vascular structures interact with surrounding anatomical features and white matter pathways.
Methods: Twenty injected hemispheres prepared according to the Klingler method were dissected. Dissections were photographed at each stage. The findings obtained from the dissections were illustrated to make them more understandable.
Results: The insular cortex and the branches of the middle cerebral artery on the insula and operculum were observed. Following decortication of the insular cortex, the extreme capsule, claustrum, external capsule, putamen and globus pallidus structures were exposed. The internal capsule is shown together with the lenticulostriate arteries running on the anterior, genu and posterior limbs. Perforators supplying the internal capsule originated from the middle cerebral artery, anterior cerebral artery, internal carotid artery and anterior choroidal artery. Additionally, the origins of the arteries involved in the vascularization of the internal capsule, their distances to bifurcations, and variations in supplying territories have been thoroughly examined.
Conclusion: This study provides three-dimensional understanding of the arterial supply to the internal capsule by combining white matter dissection. The three-dimensional perspective provided by the study can help surgeons plan and execute procedures including oncological, psychosurgical, and vascular more accurately and safely. The illustrations derived from the dissections serve as valuable educational material for young neurosurgeons and other medical professionals.
Clinical profile in relation to age and gender of patients with temporomandibular disorders
Authors: Qin Han , Guo Shaoxiong , Chen Xiaohua , Liu Yifan , Lu Lei , Zhang Mian , Zhang Hongyun , Zhang Jing , Yu Shibin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: The present study is to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD).
Methods:A total of 3362 TMD patients were included. Each participant had complete medical records according to the diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD). The clinical characteristics including symptoms and signs in relation to age and gender were analyzed.
Results: The mean age of the patients seeking care was 29.89±13.73Y, and 68.6% of patients were aged 16-35 years. The female-to-male ratio of patients was 2.2: 1, and the average age of males was significantly lower than that of females. The prevalence of clicking symptoms decreased with age, while the prevalence of pain symptoms and limitations in jaw movement increased with age. Females were more likely to have limitations in jaw movement than males. Among the patients with pain, the average visual analogue scale (VAS) was 2.96±1.23. The average VAS score of acute TMD patients (≤3 months) was significantly higher than that of chronic TMD patients (>3 months).
Conclusions: The majority of TMD patients seeking care were young people. The number and average age of female patients was higher than the males. Female patients were more likely to have limitations in jaw movement than males.
3,3’-Diindolylmethane disrupts the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope in fission yeast
Authors: Ueno Masaru , Wang Kaiyu , Seol Hyekyung , Emami Parvaneh Parvaneh , Nagai Hideto 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

3,3’-Diindolylmethane is used as an anti-cancer agent for its bioactivity in various pathways. However, the mechanism of 3,3’-Diindolylmethane still needs to be further elucidated. It is reported that 3,3’-Diindolylmethane disturbed the localization of Cut11, a kind of subunit of the nuclear pore complex in Schizosaccharomyces Pombe. In this study, we find that in Schizosaccharomyces Pombe, 3,3’-Diindolylmethane also could disturb the localization of inner nuclear membrane protein Bqt4, nuclear envelope lumen protein Ish1 and leads to the leakage of GFP-NLS, making it evident that 3,3’-Diindolylmethane disrupts the nuclear envelope. Moreover, 3,3’-Diindolylmethane disturbs the localization of GFP-ADEL and Ost4, which are endoplasmic reticulum lumen proteins and membrane proteins respectively, suggesting the function of 3,3’-Diindolylmethane on endoplasmic reticulum disturbance. The nuclear envelope repairment, normal nuclear envelope physical properties, and lipid metabolism homeostasis were indispensable for cells’ survival in the presence of 3,3’-Diindolylmethane. This study provides new insights into the understanding and development of 3,3’-Diindolylmethane as an anti-cancer agent.
Τhe importance of parents' communication and social environment in childhood cancer
Authors: Nizamis Kleanthis , Kalliakmanis Vassilios , Koutsoupias Nikos , Polychronopoulou Sophia , Baka Margarita , Papakonstantinou Evgenia , Hatzipantelis Emmanouil 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Parents facing child’s life-threatening diseases like cancer encounter a myriad of emotional challenges, often exacerbated by communication barriers. This study designed to explore the significance of effective communication and emotions’ management in improving the well-being and quality of life of these parents. The research was conducted on a sample of 133 families of children with cancer and the results were displayed after statistical processing and data analysis with R statistical software. The results of the study confirm with statistically significant data, the importance of the communication and emotions’ management of the parents during the disease of their children, as well as, the need of a multidisciplinary approach involving healthcare providers, psychologists, social workers and support groups. Thus, 74,5% of the respondents stating that they receive help from their partners during the period of childhood cancer and 76.7% could also communicate and receive help from the other family members. The key findings are characterized by high specificity as it is a part of a unique study that reveals particular aspects of the Greek parent's behavior, communication and psychosocial problems during the period of their child's illness.
“Matthew Effect” in Global Major Cities Over Decades: In the context of the spatiotemporal 3D urban expansion
Authors: Xiao Wu , Tingting He , Wang Kechao , Hu Yihua , Yang Runjia , Zhang Maoxin , Chen Yuwei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Urbanization has surged
over the past decades. Global major cities’ land urbanization and
population urbanization have intensifying pressures on urban
climate, public health, and energy consumption. A favorable vision
for assessing urban habitats’ living conditions necessitates
recognizing the evolution and current status of major global
cities’ three-dimensional structure and spatiotemporal
trajectories. However, a lack of high-resolution, long-term data
hinders obtaining metrics reflecting living conditions. This study
addresses this gap by generating a 30-meter resolution
spatiotemporal three-dimensional urban expansion dataset for 2071
global major cities (1990–2020). Integrated with socioeconomic
data, it reveals adherence to Zipf's Law, reflecting pronounced
unequal development and a global-scale Matthew effect. Most cities
fell within the 0–1 km³ volume range, with 12 cities and 41 cities’
volume > 9 km³ in 1990 and 2020, respectively. About two-thirds
of major cities experienced building expansion rates exceeding
population growth rates between 2000 and 2020. Per capita building
volume correlates with the GDP. Africa is the only continent to
witness a decline in per capita building volume over the past 20
years, indicating a further decline in the living conditions of
urban residents. Focusing on internal building structures, an
inequality index characterizes height diversity within cities.
Asian cities exhibit the highest global inequality index, marked by
supertall building additions. This study not only compares major
cities' overall size and growth patterns in three dimensions but
also analyzes the distribution of building heights within each city
in detail. The findings contribute to identifying and addressing
urbanization challenges, supporting habitat environmental
assessments, and measuring progress toward sustainable goals.
Role of Scaffold Proteins in the Heterogeneity of Glioblastoma
Authors: Iyer Varun J. , Donahue John , Osman Mahasin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GB) is a highly heterogeneous type of incurable brain cancer with a low survival rate. Intensive ongoing research has identified several potential targets; however, GB is marred by the activation of multiple pathways, and thus common targets are highly sought after. The signal regulatory scaffold IQGAP1 is an oncoprotein implicated in GB. IQGAP1 nucleates a myriad of pathways in a contextual manner and modulates many of the targets altered in GB like MAPK, NF-κB, and mTOR/PI3K/Akt1, thus positioning it as a plausible common therapeutic target. Here, we review the targets that are subjects of GB treatment clinical trials and the commonly used animal models that facilitate target identification. We propose a model in which the dysfunction of various IQGAP1 pathways can explain to a larger extent some of the GB heterogeneity and offer a platform for personalized medicine.
Characterization of a type of Venezuelan sweet pepper (Capsicum chinense)
Authors: Jiménez Rosa , Laurentin Hernán 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Translation of sweet pepper into Spanish does not have the same meaning in English, in Spanish sweet pepper literal translation refers to non-pungent chilli, different to Capsicum annuum. In Venezuela the term sweet pepper is referred to the species Capsicum chinense, very important vegetable in Venezuelan gastronomy, to the point that it defines the cuisine of this country. In spite of agricultural and cultural importance of Capsicum chinense in Venezuela, there is little knowledge about this species under agricultural perspective, the knowledge is restricted to the gastronomy, one of the consequences of this little knowledge is minimum afford to get genetic improvement and obtaining of new cultivar. For this reason, the objective of this study was to characterize morphologically a collection of Capsicum chinense, composed by accessions collected in Venezuelan home gardens, supermarkets, wholesale markets, familiar retail markets, enterprises and agricultural research institutions. Seeds from 25 accessions collected from 7 out of 23 states in Venezuela were planted in field under a random complete blocks design with four replications, and 22 morphological traits proposed by IPGRI descriptor were evaluated on a total of 20 plants per accessions. The most discriminant traits were related to the fruit, especially weight, color, shape of the apex, width, and shape. Principal components and phenogram were able to group similarly the 25 accessions based on the 22 morphological traits. No relationship between the statistical grouping and the geographical collection site was found. Broad diversity found allows to assume future successful Capsicum chinense breeding programs in Venezuela.
Landslide risk assessment using digital photogrammetry and Gis multi criteria evaluation IN Matmata region (SE Tunisia)
Authors: Bensalem Hassen , Besser Houda , Amamria Soulef , Bensalem Mohamed Sadok , Meisina Claudia , Hamdi Noureddine 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Identifying the prone sites and recognizing the influencing factors of rock failure remains a major challenge, especially for the regions lacking a historical database of the chronological evolution of the different potential factors influencing the frequency and the amplitude of this hazard in the mountain zones. In this context, the present study aims to delineate the movement of the rocky masses after the frequent torrential rainfall and to assess the main driving factors of the landslide hazards in the Matmata region (SE Tunisia). The used approach relies on field observations, remotely sensed data, digital photogrammetry, and GIS-multi criteria assessment. The analysis of the kinematics of the rock cliffs triggering in the region between 2016 and 2023 highlights a relative movement of about 39 m of the carbonate rock masses related to the impacts of geological factors, weathering, land use changes, hydrogeology, and human activities on slope stability and rockfall occurrences. The hierarchical influence of these factors illustrates relevant spatio-temporal variability of susceptibility indices. The southern part of the region is characterized by the highest degree of vulnerability due to many factors such as slope, rainfall and lithology. The spatial distribution of the final susceptibility index indicates varying degrees of susceptibility across the study area amplified during the last years given the frequency of the extreme events. The susceptibility map is validated by landslide inventory. The findings highlight the relevance of the rockfall hazard and the relative amplitude in the region explained by a high index of urban expansion and infrastructure development in hilly areas. The obtained results present a valuable tool for decision-making for land use management and landslide mitigation measures.
Proposed Reliable Peak Component Factors for Ductile Light NSCs Subjected to Horizontal Ground Motions
Authors: Mehrjoo Majid , Assi Rola 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This paper aims to propose reliable factors that accurately capture the effect of target ductility of non-structural components (NSCs) on floor acceleration, velocity, and displacement demands at both the ground level and the upper building floors. A linear time history analysis (THA) was performed on four moment-resisting archetype buildings using historical and synthetic ground motions matched to the Montreal Site Class C uniform hazard spectrum (UHS) through frequency domain matching. The NSCs’ seismic demands and ductility-based modification factors were determined using the uncoupled analysis approach, in which the equations of motion were solved using the Iterative Newmark Integration approach implemented in MATLAB. The seismic floor acceleration, displacement, and velocity demand amplitudes were reduced with increased NSC ductility, especially inside the resonance period range. The effect of ductility on the seismic acceleration demands was found to be significant near the resonance condition for the first three primary periods of the supporting structure. Conversely, the displacement and velocity demand were predominantly affected by the first primary mode. Specifically, for NSCs with moderate to high ductility levels, a 40%-60% decrease in demand was observed as compared to NSCs exhibiting elastic behavior in the resonance condition. On the other hand, the effect of ductility was minimal for out-of-resonance conditions. Also, it was found that the ductility had a minor impact on ground-level seismic demands. It is concluded that while ductility minimizes the impact of the resonance condition on NSCs, a trade-off between the benefits of ductility and an acceptable damage level must be considered.