bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Figment of Their Imagination
Authors: Padgett Elizabeth R. , Curwood Jen Scott 
Published: June 2015

AbstractDrawing on sociocultural perspectives, this case study investigated ways that youths write, read, and critique poetry in an online affinity space. Specifically, it used a thematic analysis of interviews, a linguistic analysis of online feedback mechanisms, and poetic analysis to gain insight into how four teens engaged with poetry on the Figment website. Findings indicate that the adolescents adopted the identity of poets, followed role models for creative inspiration, and participated in the peer review process. In addition, there was a difference between conceptualization and the reality of the constructive feedback. This study broadens scholarly understanding about adolescent online poetic literacy, with the potential to inform teaching praxis.
Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Coal Mine Land Reclaimed with Stabilized Manure
Authors: Dutta Tanushree , Dell Curtis J. , Stehouwer Richard C. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractMine‐soil treatment using stabilized manure rapidly sequesters large quantities of organic carbon and nutrients. However, the nutrient‐rich soil conditions may become highly conducive for production and emission of N2O. We examined this possibility in a Pennsylvania coal mine restored using poultry manure stabilized in two forms: composted (Comp) or mixed with paper mill sludge (Man + PMS) at C/N ratios of 14, 21, and 28 and compared those with the emissions from conventionally treated soil. The mine soil was extremely well drained with 59% coarse fragments. Soil–atmosphere exchange of N2O and CO2was determined using a sampling campaign of ten measurements between 16 June and 14 September 2009 (90 days) and 13 measurements between 28 June and 9 November 2010 (134 days) using static vented chambers at ambient and increased moisture (water added) content. Potential denitrification was determined in a laboratory incubation experiment. While non‐amended mine soil did not have a measurable potential for denitrifying activity, the manure‐based amendments introduced the potential. Soil water filled pore space was less than 60% on most sampling days in both ambient and water‐added plots. Daily N2O‐N emissions ranged between 40 and 70 g N ha−1with cumulative emissions of 2–4 kg N ha−1from non‐amended, lime and fertilizer (L + F) and Comp, and 3–10 kg N ha−1from Man + PMS treatments. The maximum emission obtained from Man + PMS represented <1% loss of applied N. Although stabilized manure‐treated soil exhibits the potential for N2O production, the emission is limited when soils are excessively well drained and reducing conditions rarely develop. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epistemologies in practice: Making scientific practices meaningful for students
Authors: Berland Leema K. , Schwarz Christina V. , Krist Christina , Kenyon Lisa , Lo Abraham S. , Reiser Brian J. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractRecent research and policy documents call for engaging students and teachers in scientific practices such that the goal of science education shifts from students knowing scientific and epistemic ideas, to students developing and using these understandings as tools to make sense of the world. This perspective pushes students to move beyond the rote performance of scientific actions or processes and engage instead in purposeful knowledge construction work. This raises parallel questions about how to go beyond characterizing student performance of scientific process to understand their engagement in scientific practices as a goal‐directed activity. To that end, this article offers a framework—the Epistemologies in Practice (EIP) framework—for characterizing how students can engage meaningfully in scientific practices. This framework emphasizes two aspects of student engagement in scientific practices: (1) the students' epistemic goals for their knowledge construction work and (2) their epistemic understandings of how to engage in that work. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 53:1082–1112, 2016
Efficient device‐to‐device discovery and access procedure for 5G cellular network
Authors: Lin Zhijian , Du Liang , Gao Zhibin , Huang Lianfen , Du Xiaojiang 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA large number of new data‐consuming applications are emerging, and many of them involve mobile users. In the next generation of wireless communication systems, device‐to‐device (D2D) communication is introduced as a new paradigm to offload the increasing traffic to the user equipment. Before the traffic transmission, D2D discovery and access procedure is the first important step which needs to be completed. In this paper, our goal is to design a device discovery and access scheme for the fifth generation cellular networks. We first present two types of device discovery and access procedures. Then we provide performance analysis based on the Markov process model. In addition, we present numerical simulation on the Vienna Matlab platform. The simulation results demonstrate the viability of the proposed scheme. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
THE CONSTITUTION OF THE SOUL: ARISTOTLE ON LACK OF DELIBERATIVE AUTHORITY
Authors: Nielsen Karen Margrethe 
Published: June 2015

My aim in this paper is to examine Aristotle's puzzling and contentious claim inPolitics1.13 that the deliberative faculty in women is ‘without authority’ (ἄκυρον):The freeman rules over the slave after another manner from that in which the male rules over the female, or the man over the child; although the parts of the soul are present in all of them, they are present in different ways. For the slave lacks the deliberative faculty (τὸ βουλευτικόν) altogether; the woman has it, but it is without authority (ἄκυρον), and the child has it, but it is immature (ἀτελές).(Pol. 1.13, 1160a10-15)
On p-adic analytic continuation with applications to generating elements
Authors: Alexandru Victor , Vâjâitu Marian , Zaharescu Alexandru 
Published: June 2015

AbstractGiven a prime number p and the Galois orbit O(T) of an integral transcendental element T of , the topological completion of the algebraic closure of the field of p-adic numbers, we study the p-adic analytic continuation around O(T) of functions defined by limits of sequences of restricted power series with p-adic integer coefficients. We also investigate applications to generating elements for or for some classes of closed subfields of .
The Homotopy Type of a Poincaré Duality Complex After Looping
Authors: Beben Piotr , Wu Jie 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe answer a weaker version of the classification problem for the homotopy types of (n — 2)-connected closed orientable (2n — 1)-manifolds. Let n ≥ 6 be an even integer and let X be an (n — 2)-connected finite orientable Poincaré (2n — 1)-complex such that Hn-1 (X;ℚ) = 0 and Hn-1 (X;ℤ2) = 0. Then its loop space homotopy type is uniquely determined by the action of higher Bockstein operations on Hn-1 (X; ℤp) for each odd prime p. A stronger result is obtained when localized at odd primes.
Diagonals of Separately Absolutely Continuous Mappings Coincide with the Sums of Absolutely Convergent Series of Continuous Functions
Authors: Karlova Olena , Mykhaylyuk Volodymyr , Sobchuk Oleksandr 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe prove that, for an interval X ⊆ ℝ and a normed space Z, diagonals of separately absolutely continuous mappings f : X2 → Z are exactly mappings g : X → Z, which are the sums of absolutely convergent series of continuous functions.
Host demographic predicts ectoparasite dynamics for a colonial host during pre-hibernation mating
Authors: WEBBER QUINN M. R. , CZENZE ZENON J. , WILLIS CRAIG K. R. 
Published: June 2015

SUMMARYParasite dynamics can be mediated by host behaviours such as sociality, and seasonal changes in aggregation may influence risk of parasite exposure. We used little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) captured during the autumn mating/swarming period to test the hypothesis that seasonal and demographic-based variation in sociality affect ectoparasitism. We predicted that ectoparasitism would: (1) be higher for adult females and young of the year (YOY) than adult males because of female coloniality; (2) increase for adult males throughout swarming because of increasing contact with females; (3) decrease for adult females and YOY throughout swarming because of reduced coloniality and transmission of individual ectoparasites to males; (4) be similar for male and female YOY because vertical transmission from adult females should be similar. Ectoparasitism was lowest for adult males and increased for males during swarming, but some effects of demographic were unexpected. Contrary to our prediction, ectoparasitism increased for adult females throughout swarming and YOY males also hosted fewer ectoparasites compared with adult and YOY females. Interestingly, females in the best body condition had the highest parasite loads. Our results suggest that host energetic constraints associated with future reproduction affect pre-hibernation parasite dynamics in bats.
Highly active oxygen reduction non-platinum group metal electrocatalyst without direct metal–nitrogen coordination
Authors: Strickland Kara , Miner Elise , Jia Qingying , Tylus Urszula , Ramaswamy Nagappan , Liang Wentao , Sougrati Moulay-Tahar , Jaouen Frédéric , Mukerjee Sanjeev 
Published: June 2015

AbstractReplacement of noble metals in catalysts for cathodic oxygen reduction reaction with transition metals mostly create active sites based on a composite of nitrogen-coordinated transition metal in close concert with non-nitrogen-coordinated carbon-embedded metal atom clusters. Here we report a non-platinum group metal electrocatalyst with an active site devoid of any direct nitrogen coordination to iron that outperforms the benchmark platinum-based catalyst in alkaline media and is comparable to its best contemporaries in acidic media. In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy in conjunction with ex situ microscopy clearly shows nitrided carbon fibres with embedded iron particles that are not directly involved in the oxygen reduction pathway. Instead, the reaction occurs primarily on the carbon–nitrogen structure in the outer skin of the nitrided carbon fibres. Implications include the potential of creating greater active site density and the potential elimination of any Fenton-type process involving exposed iron ions culminating in peroxide initiated free-radical formation.
Universal chiral-triggered magnetization switching in confined nanodots
Authors: Martinez Eduardo , Torres Luis , Perez Noel , Hernandez Maria Auxiliadora , Raposo Victor , Moretti Simone 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSpin orbit interactions are rapidly emerging as the key for enabling efficient current-controlled spintronic devices. Much work has focused on the role of spin-orbit coupling at heavy metal/ferromagnet interfaces in generating current-induced spin-orbit torques. However, the strong influence of the spin-orbit-derived Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) on spin textures in these materials is now becoming apparent. Recent reports suggest DMI-stabilized homochiral domain walls (DWs) can be driven with high efficiency by spin torque from the spin Hall effect. However, the influence of the DMI on the current-induced magnetization switching has not been explored nor is yet well-understood, due in part to the difficulty of disentangling spin torques and spin textures in nano-sized confined samples. Here we study the magnetization reversal of perpendicular magnetized ultrathin dots and show that the switching mechanism is strongly influenced by the DMI, which promotes a universal chiral non-uniform reversal, even for small samples at the nanoscale. We show that ultrafast current-induced and field-induced magnetization switching consists on local magnetization reversal with domain wall nucleation followed by its propagation along the sample. These findings, not seen in conventional materials, provide essential insights for understanding and exploiting chiral magnetism for emerging spintronics applications.
Unique Urchin-like Ca2Ge7O16 Hierarchical Hollow Microspheres as Anode Material for the Lithium Ion Battery
Authors: Li Dan , Feng Chuanqi , Liu Hua Kun , Guo Zaiping 
Published: June 2015

AbstractGermanium is an outstanding anode material in terms of electrochemical performance, especially rate capability, but its developments are hindered by its high price because it is rare in the crust of earth and its huge volume variation during the lithium insertion and extraction. Introducing other cheaper elements into the germanium-based material is an efficient way to dilute the high price, but normally sacrifice its electrochemical performance. By the combination of nanostructure design and cheap element (calcium) introduction, urchin-like Ca2Ge7O16 hierarchical hollow microspheres have been successfully developed in order to reduce the price and maintain the good electrochemical properties of germanium-based material. The electrochemical test results in different electrolytes show that ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate/diethyl carbonate (3/4/3 by volume) with 5 wt% fluoroethylene carbonate additive is the most suitable solvent for the electrolyte. From the electrochemical evaluation, the as-synthesized Ca2Ge7O16 hollow microspheres exhibit high reversible specific capacity of up to 804.6 mA h g−1 at a current density of 100 mA g−1 after 100 cycles and remarkable rate capability of 341.3 mA h g−1 at a current density of 4 A g−1. The growth mechanism is proposed based on our experimental results on the growth process.
School culture and leadership of professional learning communities
Authors: Carpenter Daniel 
Published: June 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore supportive and shared leadership structures at schools as a function of school culture policies and procedures.Design/methodology/approach– A qualitative study was conducted at three secondary schools in the Midwestern USA. Administrators and teachers were interviewed, professional learning communities observed and artifacts collected to explore school culture policies, procedures and leadership in the implementation of professional learning community practice.Findings– This study concludes that school leaders must provide supportive and shared leadership structures for teachers in order to ensure a positive school culture and effective professional learning communities that impact school improvement. Leaders in schools must work directly with teachers to create policies and procedures that provide teachers the leadership structure to directly impact school improvement through professional learning community collaborative efforts.Originality/value– This study builds on the school culture and professional learning communities literature by exploring existent policies and practices in schools as unique cases. Much of the literature calls for specific case studies to identify issues in the implementation of effective practice. This study is important to the community as specific cases that may inform educational leaders on mechanisms that may be leveraged to ensure successful implementation of policies and procedures outline in school culture and professional learning community literature.
Location of banks and their credit ratings
Authors: van Loon Eric , de Haan Jakob 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to examine whether credit ratings of banks are related to their location, i.e. inside or outside the Euro Area.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors estimate a multilevel ordered probit model for banks’ credit ratings in 2011 and control for bank-specific factors. They use the overall ratings and the external support ratings provided by Fitch as the dependent variable.

Findings
– Banks located in Euro Area member countries, on average, receive a higher credit rating from Fitch than banks located outside the Euro Area. Evidence for a “too-big-to-fail” and a “too-big-to-rescue” effect was also found.

Research limitations/implications
– The monetary union effect on banks’ credit ratings may be affected by the period under investigation. The ratings refer to August 2011, when the European sovereign debt crisis was at its height. This implies that, if anything, the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) effect is underestimated.

Practical implications
– Large banks in the Euro Area receive higher credit ratings, so they have a competitive advantage over small banks located outside the Euro Area.

Social implications
– The present evidence suggests that small European countries with an extensive banking sector will be better off if they are member of the European EMU.

Originality/value
– The relationship between location of banks and their credit ratings has hardly been researched before. The present evidence is directly related to a debate in the literature on this issue.
Potential natural vegetation and environment: a critique of Kusbach, Shaw & Long
Authors: Roberts David W. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAimsRecent work by Kusbach, Shaw & Long (2015, Applied Vegetation Science 18: 158–168) critiqued a system of potential natural vegetation classification widely employed on coniferous forests of the Rocky Mountains in the US, arguing that the lack of fit by a statistical model of vegetation type to environment suggests that these potential natural vegetation types may not represent basic ecological units of land. The aims of this paper are to (1) critically examine the model of environmental variability employed in their analysis, (2) evaluate the appropriateness of the statistical methods used in their analyses, and (3) demonstrate that despite the limitations in their approach the models actually worked well and refute the conclusions reached by Kusbach, Shaw & Long.LocationInterior western USA including Utah, SE Idaho, W Wyoming and Colorado, N Arizona, NW New Mexico and E Nevada.MethodsI examined the methods and results presented in Kusbach, Shaw & Long with respect to (1) the suitability of the model of environmental biophysics, (2) the appropriateness of the statistical methods employed, (3) the significance of the results obtained, and (4) the logical validity of the interpretations presented by the authors. I estimated the statistical significance of their predictive model results using a cumulative binomial probability based on the number of sample plots/type and the observed number of correct predictions obtained in their analyses. I estimated the probability of obtaining within‐type dispersions in PCA using a Monte Carlo randomization technique.ResultsThe models of environmental biophysics employed in Kusbach, Shaw & Long are poorly developed and inadequate in representing the primary ecological factors structuring the distribution of vegetation in the study region. The statistical model employed assumes that potential natural vegetation types are simply categorical, when in fact they are instances of a multidimensional ordinal variable. The failure to weight errors resulting from the model presents a vastly exaggerated error distribution. However, despite the shortcomings in the model of environmental biophysics and the inappropriate statistical tests, their results are in fact highly significant and argue for conclusions diametrically opposed to those presented by the authors.
Multidrug‐resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections in lung transplant patients in the cardiothoracic intensive care unit
Authors: Biderman P. , Bugaevsky Y. , Ben‐Zvi H. , Bishara J. , Goldberg E. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundMultidrug‐resistant (MDR) gram‐negative bacteria are a growing threat to solid organ transplantation (SOT) patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). We aimed to examine the mortality rates of gram‐negative MDR bacterial infection in SOT patients compared with patient population undergoing other cardiothoracic surgeries and hospitalized under similar ICU conditions.MethodsA retrospective study from a single medical center, including patients with MDRAcinetobacter baumannii and carbapenem‐resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infection, hospitalized in the cardiothoracic ICU. Data were collected from computerized databases, and data were verified using the hospitalization files. Microbiological data were provided by the microbiology laboratory.ResultsDuring the study period, 205 SOT patients and 5031 other patients were hospitalized in the cardiothoracic ICU. Active infection with gram‐negative MDR bacteria was identified in 147 patients, of which 37 underwent SOT (18% of total transplant recipients) and 110 underwent another cardiothoracic surgery (2% of total patients who are not transplant recipients). Mortality rates were high among both groups of patients, with no significant difference between them.ConclusionsInfection with resistant bacteria is more prevalent among patients following SOT compared with patients following other cardiothoracic surgeries. Mortality is high in all patients regardless of the immunocompromised condition.
A Feminist Approach to Climate Change Governance: Everyday and Intimate Politics
Authors: Bee Beth A. , Rice Jennifer , Trauger Amy 
Published: June 2015

AbstractNeoliberal climate governance, which focuses on shifting responsibility for mitigating climate change onto individuals through their consumption of techno‐scientific solutions, ignores and obscures the experience of differently situated subjects. This paper examines the consequences of both framing climate change as a problem of science and inducing individual behavior changes as a key point of climate policy. We build on climate governance literature and emerging feminist theorizing about climate change to understand how differently situated bodies become positioned as sites of capital accumulation in climate governance. We use the feminist lens of the “everyday”, which directs attention to embodiment, difference, and inequality. These insights provide points of leverage for feminist scholars of climate science and policy to use to resist and contest the production of neoliberal climate subjects. We argue that a focus on the “everyday” reveals the mundane decision making in climate governance that affect individuals in varying, embodied ways and which allows for climate governance to proceed as an ongoing process of capitalist accumulation.
Insider/Outsider Issues for Development Researchers from the Global South
Authors: Giwa Aisha 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe insider/outsider dichotomy has been debated extensively, arguing for a more nuanced way of thinking about positionality. In this review article, membership roles of those with insider status will be expanded upon to include the ethical and methodological challenges and dilemmas faced by development researchers from the global South. This article argues for more critical thinking about difference or ‘sub‐identities’ that grant the insider status. The discussion highlights experiences of researchers from the global South engaging with difference, shifting identities and expectations. This article concludes with some reflections on the limits of positionality and a need for more situated reflexivity.
TAROS Computer Simulation Software for DC and AC Traction Power Systems: Methods and Applications
Authors: Yu Jian G. 
Published: June 2015

This paper describes the computer simulation methods for dc traction power systems and ac power traction power systems that have been used to develop the computer simulator TAROS® at Gannett Fleming. The simulator has been designed and developed to support both load flow analysis and fault analysis.
The paper also presents some examples of practical applications of the simulator in engineering and design under various operational conditions that may be encountered in transit and rail systems, such as normal, abnormal and fault conditions. Examples include: electric load cycles in various system components for their rating and size selection or verification; distribution of traction return currents in return conductors and ground for electromagnetic interference assessment; touch and step voltage analysis for the design of the traction return system grounding and bonding to meet safety requirements; and fault calculations for relay protection coordination.