bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of primary and delayed wound closure of dog-bite wounds
Authors: Xiaowei H. , Yunbei X. , Zhenhua L. , Yeqing Y. , Jiaqi Y. , Xiaowei Z. , Wei L. , Chuanlin W. 
Published: March 2013

SummaryBackground: Primary bite wound suturing in the emergency department remains controversial in some cases.Objective: We conducted a study to investigate the infection rate and cosmetic appearance between primary wound closure and delayed wound closure in dog bite wounds in humans.Methods: All patients with bite wounds were treated with oral antibiotic medications. We adopted a randomized cohort study, dividing the patients who needed wound closure into two groups: 60 patients for primary closure, and 60 patients for delayed closure, and compared the infection rate and wound cosmetic appearance scores.Results: In the primary closure group, four people (6.7%) developed a wound infection without systemic infection. In the delayed closure group, three people (5%) developed a wound infection (p = 0.093), but there were not any patients that developed a systemic infection. Thirty-three patients (55%) in the primary closure group had optimal cosmetic scores, whereas 20 patients (33.3%) in the delayed closure group had optimal cosmetic scores (p = 0.012).Conclusion: Although primary wound closure for dog bites may be associated with a higher infection rate, the cosmetic appearance after primary closure was still acceptable.
A Survey of Nurses’ Perceived Competence and Educational Needs in Performing Resuscitation
Authors: Roh Young Sook , Issenberg S. Barry , Chung Hyun Soo , Kim So Sun , Lim Tae Ho 
Published: March 2013

Background:
Effective training is needed for high-quality performance of staff nurses, who are often the first responders in initiating resuscitation. There is insufficient evidence to identify specific educational strategies that improve outcomes, including early recognition and rescue of the critical patient. This study was conducted to identify perceived competence and educational needs as well as to examine factors influencing perceived competence in resuscitation among staff nurses to build a resuscitation training curriculum.

Methods:
A convenience sample of 502 staff nurses was recruited from 11 hospitals in a single city. Staff nurses were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire.

Results:

On a five-point scale, chest compression was the lowest-rated technical skill (
M
= 3.33,
SD
= 0.80), whereas staying calm and focusing on required tasks was the lowest-rated non-technical skill (
M
= 3.30,
SD
= 0.80). Work duration, the usefulness of simulation, recent code experience, and recent simulation-based training were significant factors in perceived competence,
F
(4, 496) = 45.94,
p
< .001. Simulation-based resuscitation training was the most preferred training modality, and cardiac arrest was the most preferred training topic.

Conclusion:
Based on this needs assessment, a simulation-based resuscitation training curriculum with cardiac arrest scenarios is suggested to improve the resuscitation skills of staff nurses.

J Contin Educ Nurs
2013;44(5):230–236.
L’alternative écologique
Authors: Pruvost Geneviève 
Published: March 2013

Cet article se fonde sur une soixantaine de récits de vie ayant pour thème « vivre et travailler autrement », autrement dit les « alternatives écologiques au quotidien ». Les entretiens révèlent qu’emprunter les chemins de traverse permettant de vivre de telles alternatives en zone rurale relève de tâtonnements et d’une conquête perpétuelle, très réfléchie, que l’on soit ou non issu d’une famille déjà engagée dans cette démarche ou vivant à la campagne. À rebours de l’utopie communautaire des années 1970, on fait par ailleurs le constat d’un mode de vie en réseau organisé à partir d’une vie de couple dans des maisons individuelles. La conversion du travail en art de vivre et en action collective visant le « bien vivre ensemble » constitue la trame de témoignages qui se présentent comme des expériences à portée de main, à partir du moment où saute l’obstacle (présenté comme idéologique, non seulement matériel) de l’accès à l’autoproduction. Cet article entend mettre en évidence le continuum entre travail domestique, labeur, oeuvre, activité professionnelle et militance, qui caractérise ces formes d’engagement écologique contemporaines.
« Il y a un autre monde, mais il est dans celui-ci. »
Authors: Collins Peter 
Published: March 2013

L’écologie, l’idée que nous devons protéger l’environnement contre nous-mêmes, n’est certes pas un mouvement récent. Cet article montre que les membres de la Société religieuse des Amis (ou quakers) de Grande- Bretagne font preuve depuis le milieu du xviie siècle, dans leurs croyances et leurs pratiques, d’une écologie avant la lettre. La première génération de quakers est une secte protestante très unie qui croit en un Dieu intérieur. Très critique à l’égard de la « mondanité » de l’Église et de l’État, elle instaure certaines pratiques qui privilégient et exemplifient un mode de vie simple. En adoptant cette façon de vivre, les quakers ont développé une foi et une pratique religieuses qui les a toujours obligés à prendre sérieusement en considération les tenants et aboutissants de la consommation, pensée comme une menace contre le monde naturel. Depuis quelques décennies, cette tendance s’intègre de plus en plus à une approche ouvertement politique des questions écologiques.
Utopies universalistes
Authors: Houdart Sophie 
Published: March 2013

Comment donne-t-on corps à une utopie ? La préparation de l’Exposition universelle qui s’est tenue au Japon, dans la banlieue de Nagoya, en 2005, est l’occasion de suivre le lent travail, à la fois conceptuel et matériel, au moyen duquel émerge une forme inédite de relations entre l’homme et la nature. Donnant la « redécouverte de la sagesse de la nature » comme nouveau métronome universel, les concepteurs de l’Expo 2005 et les architectes appelés à œuvrer au projet devaient entre autres sortir leur proposition de l’étau local dans lequel elle avait vu le jour, pour la porter à une autre échelle en la transformant en véritable alternative de développement pour les sociétés technicisées. C’est cet épineux parcours qui est suivi dans cet article, qui se concentre plus particulièrement sur les propositions architecturales destinées à faire de cette Expo 2005 la première Exposition universelle non moderne.
Parasite-Derived Arginase Influences Secondary Anti-LeishmaniaImmunity by Regulating Programmed Cell Death-1–Mediated CD4+ T Cell Exhaustion
Authors: Mou Zhirong , Muleme Helen M. , Liu Dong , Jia Ping , Okwor Ifeoma B. , Kuriakose Shiby M. , Beverley Stephen M. , Uzonna Jude E. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe breakdown of L-arginine to ornithine and urea by host arginase supports Leishmania proliferation in macrophages. Studies using arginase-null mutants show that Leishmania-derived arginase plays an important role in disease pathogenesis. We investigated the role of parasite-derived arginase in secondary (memory) anti-Leishmania immunity in the resistant C57BL/6 mice. We found that C57BL/6 mice infected with arginase-deficient (arg−) L. major failed to completely resolve their lesion and maintained chronic pathology after 16 wk, a time when the lesion induced by wild-type L. major is completely resolved. This chronic disease was associated with impaired Ag-specific proliferation and IFN-γ production, a concomitant increase in programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) expression on CD4+ T cells, and failure to induce protection against secondary L. major challenge. Treatment with anti–PD-1 mAb restored T cell proliferation and IFN-γ production in vitro and led to complete resolution of chronic lesion in arg− L. major–infected mice. These results show that infection with arg− L. major results in chronic disease due in part to PD-1–mediated clonal exhaustion of T cells, suggesting that parasite-derived arginase contributes to the overall quality of the host immune response and subsequent disease outcome in L. major–infected mice. They also indicate that persistent parasites alone do not regulate the quality of secondary anti-Leishmania immunity in mice and that the quality of the primary immune response may be playing a hitherto unrecognized dominant role in this process.
Peyer’s Patch Inducer Cells Play a Leading Role in the Formation of B and T Cell Zone Architecture
Authors: Nakagawa Reiko , Togawa Atsushi , Nagasawa Takashi , Nishikawa Shin-ichi 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Peripheral lymphoid tissues, such as lymph nodes and Peyer’s patches (PPs), are organs required for mounting highly efficient immune responses to small quantities of Ag. The compartmentalization of the cellular components involved in the immune response into distinct zones supports the function of these tissues; however, little is known about how this compartmentalization is achieved. In this study, we analyzed neonatal PP development and present evidence that the CD3−IL-7Rα+ PP inducer cells that initially play a pivotal role in the formation of the PP anlagen are involved in the formation of B and T cell zones in neonatal mice. PP inducer cells migrate between these zones by undergoing chemokine receptor switching.
The Context of Gene Expression Defines the Immunodominance Hierarchy of Cytomegalovirus Antigens
Authors: Dekhtiarenko Iryna , Jarvis Michael A. , Ruzsics Zsolt , Čičin-Šain Luka 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Natural immunity to CMV dominates the CD4 and CD8 memory compartments of the CMV-seropositive host. This property has been recently exploited for experimental CMV-based vaccine vector strategies, and it has shown promise in animal models of AIDS and Ebola disease. Although it is generally agreed that CMV-based vaccine vectors may induce highly protective and persistent memory T cells, the influence of the gene expression context on Ag-specific T cell memory responses and immune protection induced by CMV vectors is not known. Using murine CMV (MCMV) recombinants expressing a single CD8 T cell epitope from HSV-1 fused to different MCMV genes, we show that magnitude and kinetics of T cell responses induced by CMV are dependent on the gene expression of CMV Ags. Interestingly, the kinetics of the immune response to the HSV-1 epitope was paralleled by a reciprocal depression of immune responses to endogenous MCMV Ags. Infection with a recombinant MCMV inducing a vigorous initial immune response to the recombinant peptide resulted in a depressed early response to endogenous MCMV Ag. Another recombinant virus, which induced a slowly developing “inflationary” T cell response to the HSV-1 peptide, induced weaker long-term responses to endogenous CMV Ags. Importantly, both mutants were able to protect mice from a challenge with HSV-1, mediating strong sterilizing immunity. Our data suggest that the context of gene expression markedly influences the T cell immunodominance hierarchy of CMV Ags, but the immune protection against HSV-1 does not require inflationary CD8 responses against the recombinant CMV-expressed epitope.
3-torsion in the Homology of Complexes of Graphs of Bounded Degree
Authors: Jonsson Jakob 
Published: March 2013

AbstractFor δ ≥ 1 and n ≥ 1, consider the simplicial complex of graphs on n vertices in which each vertex has degree at most δ; we identify a given graph with its edge set and admit one loop at each vertex. This complex is of some importance in the theory of semigroup algebras. When δ = 1, we obtain the matching complex, for which it is known that there is 3-torsion in degree d of the homology whenever (n − 4)/3 ≤ d ≤ (n − 6)/2. This paper establishes similar bounds for δ ≥ 2. Specifically, there is 3-torsion in degree d wheneverThe procedure for detecting torsion is to construct an explicit cycle z that is easily seen to have the property that 3zis a boundary. Defining a homomorphism that sends z to a non-boundary element in the chain complex of a certain matching complex, we obtain that z itself is a non-boundary. In particular, the homology class of z has order 3.
Effectiveness of Premedication with Analgesics vs Placebo for Success of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block in Irreversible Pulpitis
Authors: Wali Aisha , Siddiqui Talha Mufeed , Qamar Nauman , Khan Rabia , Jawaid Nausheen 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACT
Pain is considered to be the major cause for seeking emergency endodontic treatment. Pain management is of vital importance in endodontics with no exception. Local anesthesia is considered to be the primary method to control pain. An effective local anesthesia cannot be obtained if pulp is inflamed. Clinician prescribes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as premedication on a routine basis for mild to moderate pain to reduce pulpal inflammation before injecting anesthesia. These drugs are beneficial in providing relief from pain and inflammation in irreversible pulpitis and helps in providing effectiveness of inferior alveolar nerve block. Moreover, they have a short half life, which would make them ideal for a single dosage prior to the management of severe pain.

Aim
To conduct a randomized-placebo controlled clinical trial to compare the effectiveness of premedication with analgesics vs placebo for success of inferior alveolar nerve block in irreversible pulpitis.

Materials and methods
The study consisted of 80 adult patients attending operative Outpatient Department in Baqai Dental College. Informed Consent was obtained from each participant. Subjects were randomly divided in four groups comprising of 20 subjects in each group. Group A received piroxicam (Feldene 20 mg, Pfizer), group B received diclofenac potassium (Fastaid Plus, 50 mg platinum pharmaceutic), group C received naproxen sodium (Synflex 550 mg, ICI), and group D received a placebo drug becefol (Abbott). Medication was given 1 hour before initiating endodontic treatment. After 1 hour of oral administration of tablets, inferior alveolar nerve block using 1.8 ml of 2% lidocaine containing 1: 200,000 epinephrine was given. After 15 minutes, access cavity preparation was initiated and patients were asked to inform if they experienced pain. Patients were excluded from the study if they experienced pain but if the patient did not feel pain endodontic treatment was continued. p-value was set at 0.05. Data was analyzed by using Chi-square test (SPSS 19).

Results
The result showed that out of 80 patients who participated in the study, success rate for piroxicam came out to 90% (10 male and 8 female patients), followed by diclofenac potassium with 75% success rate (9 male and 6 female patients), naproxen sodium with 35% success rate (3 male and 4 female patients) and placebo with 10% success (1 male and 1 female patient).

Conclusion
The current study concludes that premedication given 1 hour before injecting anesthesia is helpful in reducing pain intensity and thus causing inferior alveolar nerve block to be effective.

How to cite this article
Wali A, Siddiqui TM, Qamar N, Khan R, Jawaid N. Effectiveness of Premedication with Analgesics vs Placebo for Success of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block in Irreversible Pulpitis. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2012;2(1):5-9.
Evaluation of Microleakage in Class V Composite Restoration using Different Techniques of Polymerization
Authors: Chandurkar Anshu Milind , Metgud Sandeep S , Yakub Shaikh S , Kalburge Vaishali J 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACT

Aims
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of light intensity and curing cycle of quartz tungsten halogen (QTH) and plasma arc curing (PAC) lights on the microleakage of class V composite restorations.

Materials and methods
A total of 60 freshly extracted human maxillary premolars were used for this study. Standardized class V cavities were prepared and restored with microhybrid resin composite. According to the curing protocol, the teeth were then divided into three groups (n = 20): QTH curing (standard and soft start mode) and PAC high intensity irradiation.
The microleakage was evaluated by immersion of the samples in 50% silver nitrate solution. The samples were then sectioned, evaluated under a stereomicroscope and scored for microleakage.

Statistical analysis used
Dye leakage scores were obtained, and analysis was done using Student's t-test.

Results
Light curing with QTH light in the soft start mode, showed the least leakage in the composite restoration, which was highly significant when compared with the other groups (p < 0.01). Light curing with QTH light in the standard mode, showed moderate microleakage, which was statistically significant (p < 0.05), when compared with the PAC high intensity curing. Curing with PAC light in high intensity mode resulted in severe microleakage along the cavity margins.

Conclusion
Within the limitations of the study, it may be concluded that:
1. The high intensity PAC light resulted in maximum leakage, when compared to the other groups in the study.
2. The soft start polymerization mode offers a distinctive advantage over the standard curing protocol, in terms of microleakage, for the QTH curing lights.

Clinical significance
In the clinical scenario, soft start curing regimen offers a distinctive advantage over the conventional mode of the QTH curing and the high intensity rapid curing offered by the PAC light.

How to cite this article
Chandurkar AM, Metgud SS, Yakub SS, Kalburge VJ. Evaluation of Microleakage in Class V Composite Restoration using Different Techniques of Polymerization. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2012;2(1): 10-15.
A Systematic Approach to Restore Grossly Decayed Multirooted Teeth: Split Cast Post and Core
Authors: Yadav Akanksha , Kumar Lakshya , Gupta Ridhima 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACT
Endodontically treated molars with almost total coronal destruction may be salvageable by using multiple posts in divergent canals. The fabrication of dowel and core for multirooted teeth can be a vexing problem, especially when there is minimal coronal dentin. A number of methods have been suggested for making a cast dowel and core using two or more of the canals to increase retention of the prosthesis. This article presents a clinical report on fabrication of split cast post and core by a direct technique that is efficient and enables the dentist to use the maximum length available in each canal, despite the degree of divergence in multirooted teeth.

How to cite this article
Kumar L, Gupta R, Yadav A. A Systematic Approach to Restore Grossly Decayed Multirooted Teeth: Split Cast Post and Core. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2012;2(1):16-18.
Orbital Prosthesis: A Novel Treatment Approach
Authors: Avinash CK Anulekha , Nadiger Ramesh , Guttal Sathyabodh S , Lekha K 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACT
The disfigurement associated with loss of eye can cause significant physical and emotional disturbance. Rehabilitation of facial defects is a complex task, requiring an individualized design of the technique for each patient and also a technique sensitive procedure, visual assessment alone may not be accurate. We report a case of 23-year-old male patient with rhabdomyosarcoma of the eye, which was treated with chemotherapy and surgical enucleation, and was rehabilitated with silicon orbital prosthesis by constructing a custom ocular prosthesis to achieve ideal fit and esthetics.

How to cite this article
Avinash CKA, Nadiger R, Guttal SS, Lekha K. Orbital Prosthesis: A Novel Treatment Approach. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2012;2(1):19-23.
Tooth Wear, Etiology, Diagnosis and Its Management in Elderly: A Literature Review
Authors: Nadiger Ramesh , Lekha K , Meshramkar Roseline 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACT
The aim of the review was to present the importance of tooth wear, etiology and its management in elderly patients. The success of rehabilitation of tooth wear in elderly depends up on finding the etiology, correct diagnosis, prevention method and its management. Recognition of the early signs of tooth wear could bring about timely prevention and improve the life span of teeth in elderly.

How to cite this article
Meshramkar R, Lekha K, Nadiger R. Tooth Wear, Etiology, Diagnosis and Its Management in Elderly: A Literature Review. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2012;2(1): 38-41.
Preoperative Factors Associated with Improvement in Visual Acuity after Globe Rupture Treatment
Authors: Nishide Tadayuki , Hayakawa Natsuki , Nakanishi Misako , Ishii Mai , Kimura Ikuko , Shibuya Etsuko , Nomura Eiichi , Mizuki Nobuhisa 
Published: March 2013

Purpose Globe rupture is a serious condition. Despite advancements in vitrectomy, the postoperative prognosis for visual acuity remains poor in many cases. We conducted multiple regression analysis to identify preoperative factors associated with postoperative visual acuity. Methods Subjects comprised 24 patients with globe rupture in one eye who had 5 consecutive years of consultation and were followed up for 12 months or longer. Subjects comprised 13 males and 11 females with a mean age of 67.8 ± 17.4 years. Our methods involved performing multiple regression analysis with age, preoperative visual acuity, scope of injury, number of surgeries, hyphema, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment, and subchoroidal hemorrhage as explanatory variables, and postoperative visual acuity as the response variable. Results Preoperative visual acuity and scope of retinal detachment were explanatory factors found to correlate significantly with postoperative visual acuity after globe rupture. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that postoperative visual acuity can be predicted to some degree by preoperative visual acuity and the scope of retinal detachment.
Experimental Application of Tissue Adhesives in Corneal Traumas
Authors: Papadopoulou Domniki N. , Sionga Antonia , Karayannopoulou Georgia , Natsis Konstantinos , Komnenou Anastasia , Mangioris Georgios , Kalpatsanidis Antonios , Manthos Anastasios , Georgiadis Nikolaos , Karampatakis Vasileios 
Published: March 2013

Purpose To evaluate intraoperative difficulties of the use of glues for corneal trauma. Methods Partial or full-thickness perpendicular corneal incisions (3–4 mm straight cuts) near the limbus (perpendicular or parallel to it) were made in 8 albino rabbits and were then sealed with fibrin or cyanoacrylate glue. Follow-up examinations were performed under the surgical microscope. Tissue specimens were also taken for light microscopic evaluation. Results The cyanoacrylate glue polymerized almost immediately after application on the tissue, limiting the ability of the surgeon to oppose the corneal incisions appropriately. The fibrin glue polymerized more gradually, giving enough time for manipulations to reconstruct the wound properly and for removal of excessive glue, especially when the 2 components were applied separately. Excessive glue and crust formation on the eye surface induced irritation. Conclusions Fibrin glue for the reconstruction of corneal wounds was easier to use than cyanoacrylate glue and caused less glue crust formation on the corneal surface. The speed of polymerization is an important factor. Excessive glue on the cornea was irritating.
Negative Patterning and Biconditional Discriminations in Human Causal Reasoning: A Second Look
Authors: Whitlow J.W. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Harris and Livesey (2008) reported that patterning discriminations were easier to learn than biconditional discriminations in a human causal reasoning task, consistent with the predictions of the attentional buffer model of Harris (2006) and inconsistent with the predictions of configural cue models. However, their evaluation of patterning and biconditional tasks also failed to find a positive patterning advantage, which has been a hallmark prediction of many configural cue theories. This failure raises the question of whether Harris and Livesey’s method was appropriate for a general evaluation of the role of configural cues in learning complex discriminations. Using a design that does produce a positive patterning advantage, the study reported here shows negative patterning discriminations to be at least as difficult to learn as biconditional discriminations, consistent with configural cue models.