bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards experimental quantum-field tomography with ultracold atoms
Authors: Steffens A. , Friesdorf M. , Langen T. , Rauer B. , Schweigler T. , Hübener R. , Schmiedmayer J. , Riofrío C.A. , Eisert J. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe experimental realization of large-scale many-body systems in atomic-optical architectures has seen immense progress in recent years, rendering full tomography tools for state identification inefficient, especially for continuous systems. To work with these emerging physical platforms, new technologies for state identification are required. Here we present first steps towards efficient experimental quantum-field tomography. Our procedure is based on the continuous analogues of matrix-product states, ubiquitous in condensed-matter theory. These states naturally incorporate the locality present in realistic physical settings and are thus prime candidates for describing the physics of locally interacting quantum fields. To experimentally demonstrate the power of our procedure, we quench a one-dimensional Bose gas by a transversal split and use our method for a partial quantum-field reconstruction of the far-from-equilibrium states of this system. We expect our technique to play an important role in future studies of continuous quantum many-body systems.
Ultrathin inorganic molecular nanowire based on polyoxometalates
Authors: Zhang Zhenxin , Murayama Toru , Sadakane Masahiro , Ariga Hiroko , Yasuda Nobuhiro , Sakaguchi Norihito , Asakura Kiyotaka , Ueda Wataru 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe development of metal oxide-based molecular wires is important for fundamental research and potential practical applications. However, examples of these materials are rare. Here we report an all-inorganic transition metal oxide molecular wire prepared by disassembly of larger crystals. The wires are comprised of molybdenum(VI) with either tellurium(IV) or selenium(IV): {(NH4)2[XMo6O21]}n (X=tellurium(IV) or selenium(IV)). The ultrathin molecular nanowires with widths of 1.2 nm grow to micrometre-scale crystals and are characterized by single-crystal X-ray analysis, Rietveld analysis, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, thermal analysis and elemental analysis. The crystals can be disassembled into individual molecular wires through cation exchange and subsequent ultrasound treatment, as visualized by atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The ultrathin molecular wire-based material exhibits high activity as an acid catalyst, and the band gap of the molecular wire-based crystal is tunable by heat treatment.
Low-molecular-mass secretome profiling identifies HMGA2 and MIF as prognostic biomarkers for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chang Kai-Ping , Lin Shih-Jie , Liu Shiau-Chin , Yi Jui-Shan , Chien Kun-Yi , Chi Lang-Ming , Kao Huang-Kai , Liang Ying , Lin Yu-Tsun , Chang Yu-Sun , Yu Jau-Song 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe profiling of cancer cell secretomes is considered to be a good strategy for identifying cancer-related biomarkers, but few studies have focused on identifying low-molecular-mass (LMr) proteins (<15 kDa) in cancer cell secretomes. Here, we used tricine–SDS-gel-assisted fractionation and LC–MS/MS to systemically identify LMr proteins in the secretomes of five oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines. Cross-matching of these results with nine OSCC tissue transcriptome datasets allowed us to identify 33 LMr genes/proteins that were highly upregulated in OSCC tissues and secreted/released from OSCC cells. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR were used to verify the overexpression of two candidates, HMGA2 and MIF, in OSCC tissues. The overexpressions of both proteins were associated with cervical metastasis, perineural invasion, deeper tumor invasion, higher overall stage and a poorer prognosis for post-treatment survival. Functional assays further revealed that both proteins promoted the migration and invasion of OSCC cell lines in vitro. Collectively, our data indicate that the tricine–SDS-gel/LC–MS/MS approach can be used to efficiently identify LMr proteins from OSCC cell secretomes and suggest that HMGA2 and MIF could be potential tissue biomarkers for OSCC.
QiShenYiQi Pills, a compound in Chinese medicine, protects against pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy through a multi-component and multi-target mode
Authors: Chen Yuan-Yuan , Li Quan , Pan Chun-Shui , Yan Li , Fan Jing-Yu , He Ke , Sun Kai , Liu Yu-Ying , Chen Qing-Fang , Bai Yan , Wang Chuan-She , He Bing , Lv Ai-Ping , Han Jing-Yan 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe present study aimed to explore the holistic mechanism for the antihypertrophic effect of a compound in Chinese medicine, QiShenYiQi Pills (QSYQ) and the contributions of its components to the effect in rats with cardiac hypertrophy (CH). After induction of CH by ascending aortic stenosis, rats were treated with QSYQ, each identified active ingredient (astragaloside IV, 3, 4-dihydroxy-phenyl lactic acid or notoginsenoside R1) from its 3 major herb components or dalbergia odorifera, either alone or combinations, for 1 month. QSYQ markedly attenuated CH, as evidenced by echocardiography, morphology and biochemistry. Proteomic analysis and western blot showed that the majority of differentially expressed proteins in the heart of QSYQ-treated rats were associated with energy metabolism or oxidative stress. Each ingredient alone or their combinations exhibited similar effects as QSYQ but to a lesser extent and differently with astragaloside IV and notoginsenoside R1 being more effective for enhancing energy metabolism, 3, 4-dihydroxy-phenyl lactic acid more effective for counteracting oxidative stress while dalbergia odorifera having little effect on the variables evaluated. In conclusion, QSYQ exerts a more potent antihypertrophic effect than any of its ingredients or their combinations, due to the interaction of its active components through a multi-component and multi-target mode.
Deterministic Domain Wall Motion Orthogonal To Current Flow Due To Spin Orbit Torque
Authors: Bhowmik Debanjan , Nowakowski Mark E. , You Long , Lee OukJae , Keating David , Wong Mark , Bokor Jeffrey , Salahuddin Sayeef 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSpin-polarized electrons can move a ferromagnetic domain wall through the transfer of spin angular momentum when current flows in a magnetic nanowire. Such current induced control of a domain wall is of significant interest due to its potential application for low power ultra high-density data storage. In previous reports, it has been observed that the motion of the domain wall always happens parallel to the current flow – either in the same or opposite direction depending on the specific nature of the interaction. In contrast, here we demonstrate deterministic control of a ferromagnetic domain wall orthogonal to current flow by exploiting the spin orbit torque in a perpendicularly polarized Ta/CoFeB/MgO heterostructure in presence of an in-plane magnetic field. Reversing the polarity of either the current flow or the in-plane field is found to reverse the direction of the domain wall motion. Notably, such orthogonal motion with respect to current flow is not possible from traditional spin transfer torque driven domain wall propagation even in presence of an external magnetic field. Therefore the domain wall motion happens purely due to spin orbit torque. These results represent a completely new degree of freedom in current induced control of a ferromagnetic domain wall.
High-resolution quantitative determination of dielectric function by using scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy
Authors: Tranca D. E. , Stanciu S. G. , Hristu R. , Stoichita C. , Tofail S. A. M. , Stanciu G. A. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractA new method for high-resolution quantitative measurement of the dielectric function by using scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) is presented. The method is based on a calibration procedure that uses the s-SNOM oscillating dipole model of the probe-sample interaction and quantitative s-SNOM measurements. The nanoscale capabilities of the method have the potential to enable novel applications in various fields such as nano-electronics, nano-photonics, biology or medicine.
Temporal Genetic Dynamics of an Invasive Species, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), in an Early Phase of Establishment
Authors: Yang Xian-Ming , Lou Heng , Sun Jing-Tao , Zhu Yi-Ming , Xue Xiao-Feng , Hong Xiao-Yue 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMany species can successfully colonize new areas despite their propagules having low genetic variation. We assessed whether the decreased genetic diversity could result in temporal fluctuations of genetic parameters of the new populations of an invasive species, western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, using mitochondrial and microsatellite markers. This study was conducted in eight localities from four climate regions in China, where F. occidentalis was introduced in the year 2000 and had lower genetic diversity than its native populations. We also tested the level of genetic differentiation in these introduced populations. The genetic diversity of the samples at different years in the same locality was not significantly different from each other in most localities. FST and STRUCTURE analysis also showed that most temporal population comparisons from the same sites were not significantly differentiated. Our results showed that the invasive populations of F. occidentalis in China can maintain temporal stability in genetic composition at an early phase of establishment despite having lower genetic diversity than in their native range.
Enhancement of electroluminescence from embedded Si quantum dots/SiO2multilayers film by localized-surface-plasmon and surface roughening
Authors: Li Wei , Wang Shaolei , Hu Mingyue , He Sufeng , Ge Pengpeng , Wang Jing , Guo Yan Yan , Zhaowei Liu 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we prepared a novel structure to enhance the electroluminescence intensity from Si quantum dots/SiO2multilayers. An amorphous Si/SiO2 multilayer film was fabricated by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition on a Pt nanoparticle (NP)-coated Si nanopillar array substrate. By thermal annealing, an embedded Si quantum dot (QDs)/SiO2 multilayer film was obtained. The result shows that electroluminescence intensity was significantly enhanced. And, the turn-on voltage of the luminescent device was reduced to 3 V. The enhancement of the light emission is due to the resonance coupling between the localized-surface-plasmon (LSP) of Pt NPs and the band-gap emission of Si QDs/SiO2 multilayers. The other factors were the improved absorption of excitation light and the increase of light extraction ratio by surface roughening structures. These excellent characteristics are promising for silicon-based light-emitting applications.
Brain size as a driver of avian escape strategy
Authors: Samia Diogo S. M. , Pape Møller Anders , Blumstein Daniel T. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAfter detecting an approaching predator, animals make a decision when to flee. Prey will initiate flight soon after detecting a predator so as to minimize attentional costs related to on-going monitoring of the whereabouts of the predator. Such costs may compete with foraging and other maintenance activities and hence be larger than the costs of immediate flight. The drivers of interspecific variation in escape strategy are poorly known. Here we investigated the morphological, life history and natural history traits that correlate with variation in avian escape strategy across a sample of 96 species of birds. Brain mass, body size, habitat structure and group size were the main predictors of escape strategy. The direction of the effect of these traits was consistent with selection for a reduction of monitoring costs. Therefore, attentional costs depend on relative brain size, which determines the ability to monitor the whereabouts of potential predators and the difficulty of this task as reflected by habitat and social complexity. Thus brain size and the cognitive functions associated with it, constitute a general framework for explaining the effects of body size, habitat structure and sociality identified as determinants of avian escape strategy.
Multilevel PRC‐LCC resonant converter for X‐ray generation
Authors: Martín‐Ramos J.A. , Pardo‐Vaquero Ó. , Villegas P.J. , Martínez J.A. , Pernía A.M. 
Published: July 2015

X‐ray power supplies must operate under a wide variety of conditions. In fluoroscopy mode, they must transfer from 20 W to 1.2 kW, while in radiography mode they reach up to 100 kW. Input voltage range is also wide: from 400 to 750 V. Designers must achieve full power with lower input voltage, accepting important drops in efficiency under other circumstances. A two‐inverter multilevel resonant topology is proposed to address these problems. Adapting the resonant elements, the resulting power stage is versatile enough to minimise the resonant current for both radiography and fluoroscopy. Input voltage fluctuations are compensated by the inverter operations.
Low‐phase‐noise wideband VCO with optimised sub‐nH inductor
Authors: Hu Ang , Ren Zhixiong , Zhang Kefeng , Liu Lanqi , Chen Xiaofei , Liu Dongsheng , Zou Xuecheng 
Published: July 2015

A wideband voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO) covering 2.24–4.95 GHz for multi‐standard wireless applications is presented. Realised in TSMC 180 nm RFCMOS process, the VCO provides a phase noise <–124.2 dBc/Hz at a 1 MHz offset in the whole frequency range, while drawing 10 and 18 mA at 4.95and 2.24 GHz from a 1.8 V supply, respectively. The achieved tuning range is 75% and the core chip area is 0.51 mm².
Sensory and metabolic profiles of “Fuji” apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) grown without synthetic agrochemicals: the role of ethylene production
Authors: Tanaka Fukuyo , Miyazawa Toshio , Okazaki Keiki , Tatsuki Miho , Ito Tsutae 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Flavors of “Fuji” apple cultivated with or without synthetic agrochemicals were compared using quantitative descriptive analyses (QDA) and metabolite profiling for 3 seasons. Experimental plots included conventional crops (with agrochemicals) and organic crops (without agrochemicals) at our institute and organic and conventional farms. Additionally, mass market samples were analyzed. Organic apples were weak in sweetness and floral characteristics and had enhanced green and sour flavors. Most esters and sugars were present in lower concentrations in organic than in conventional apples. Close relation of principal component 1 of QDA and metabolite profiles, to ethylene production suggested that ethylene is considerably involved in flavor synthesis. Reduced ethylene associated with immaturity accounted for insufficient flavor synthesis and weak aroma and flavor attributes of organic apples. Furthermore, organic apples from the farm were more flavorsome than those from the institute in 2012, suggesting possible recovery of ethylene production after a long organic cultivation period.
A multivariate Bernoulli model to predict DNaseI hypersensitivity status from haplotype data
Authors: Shi Huwenbo , Pasaniuc Bogdan , Lange Kenneth L. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Motivation: Haplotype models enjoy a wide range of applications in population inference and disease gene discovery. The hidden Markov models traditionally used for haplotypes are hindered by the dubious assumption that dependencies occur only between consecutive pairs of variants. In this article, we apply the multivariate Bernoulli (MVB) distribution to model haplotype data. The MVB distribution relies on interactions among all sets of variants, thus allowing for the detection and exploitation of long-range and higher-order interactions. We discuss penalized estimation and present an efficient algorithm for fitting sparse versions of the MVB distribution to haplotype data. Finally, we showcase the benefits of the MVB model in predicting DNaseI hypersensitivity (DH) status—an epigenetic mark describing chromatin accessibility—from population-scale haplotype data.
Results: We fit the MVB model to real data from 59 individuals on whom both haplotypes and DH status in lymphoblastoid cell lines are publicly available. The model allows prediction of DH status from genetic data (prediction R2=0.12 in cross-validations). Comparisons of prediction under the MVB model with prediction under linear regression (best linear unbiased prediction) and logistic regression demonstrate that the MVB model achieves about 10% higher prediction R2 than the two competing methods in empirical data.
Availability and implementation: Software implementing the method described can be downloaded at http://bogdan.bioinformatics.ucla.edu/software/.
Contact: shihuwenbo@ucla.edu or pasaniuc@ucla.edu
The Efficacy of Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring Using Transcranial Electrically Stimulated Muscle-evoked Potentials (TcE-MsEPs) for Predicting Postoperative Segmental Upper Extremity Motor Paresis After Cervical Laminoplasty
Authors: Fujiwara Yasushi , Manabe Hideki , Izumi Bunichiro , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Kawai Kazumi , Tanaka Nobuhiro 
Published: July 2015

Study Design:
Prospective study.

Objective:
To investigate the efficacy of transcranial electrically stimulated muscle-evoked potentials (TcE-MsEPs) for predicting postoperative segmental upper extremity palsy following cervical laminoplasty.

Summary of Background Data:
Postoperative segmental upper extremity palsy, especially in the deltoid and biceps (so-called C5 palsy), is the most common complication following cervical laminoplasty. Some papers have reported that postoperative C5 palsy cannot be predicted by TcE-MsEPs, although others have reported that it can be predicted.

Methods:
This study included 160 consecutive cases that underwent open-door laminoplasty, and TcE-MsEP monitoring was performed in the biceps brachii, triceps brachii, abductor digiti minimi, tibialis anterior, and abductor hallucis. A >50% decrease in the wave amplitude was defined as an alarm point. According to the monitoring alarm, interventions were performed, which include steroid administration, foraminotomies, etc.

Results:
Postoperative deltoid and biceps palsy occurred in 5 cases. Among the 155 cases without segmental upper extremity palsy, there were no monitoring alarms. Among the 5 deltoid and biceps palsy cases, 3 had significant wave amplitude decreases in the biceps during surgery, and palsy occurred when the patients awoke from anesthesia (acute type). In the other 2 cases in which the palsy occurred 2 days after the operation (delayed type), there were no significant wave decreases. In all of the cases, the palsy was completely resolved within 6 months.

Discussion:
The majority of C5 palsies have been reported to occur several days after surgery, but some of them have been reported to occur immediately after surgery. Our results demonstrated that TcE-MsEPs can predict the acute type, whereas the delayed type cannot be predicted.

Conclusions:
A >50% wave amplitude decrease in the biceps is useful to predict acute-type segmental upper extremity palsy. Further examination about the interventions for monitoring alarm will be essential for preventing palsy.
Biological Impact of Recent Guidelines on Parenteral Nutrition in Preterm Infants
Authors: Guellec Isabelle , Gascoin Géraldine , Beuchee Alain , Boubred Farid , Tourneux Pierre , Ramful Duksha , Zana‐Taieb Elodie , Baud Olivier 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTObjectives:Recent guidelines for preterm neonates recommend early initiation of parenteral nutrition (PN) with high protein and relatively high caloric intake. This review considers whether these changes could influence homeostasis in very preterm infants during the first few postnatal weeks.Methods:This systematic review of relevant literature from searches of PubMed and recent guidelines was reviewed by investigators from several perinatal centers in France.Results:New recommendations for PN could be associated with metabolic acidosis via the increase in the amino acid ion gap, hyperchloremic acidosis, and ammonia acidosis. The introduction of high‐intake amino acids soon after birth could induce hypophosphatemia and hypercalcemia, simulating a “repeat feeding–like syndrome” and could be prevented by the early intake of phosphorus, especially in preterm infants born after fetal growth restriction. Early high‐dose amino acid infusions are relatively well tolerated in the preterm infant with regard to renal function. Additional studies, however, are warranted to determine markers of protein intolerance and to specify the optimal composition and amount of amino acid solutions.Conclusions:Optimal PN following new guidelines in very preterm infants, despite their demonstrated benefits on growth, may induce adverse effects on ionic homeostasis. Clinicians should implement appropriate monitoring to prevent and/or correct them.
Hatchet Flap
Authors: Ceran Candemir , Tekin Fatih , Demirseren Duriye D. , Tezcan Soner , Aksam Ersin , Demirseren Mustafa E. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Hatchet rotation-advancement flap is a well-known flap design, which is a worthwhile option in the reconstruction of lateral nasal region skin defects. In this study, the author's experience with 3 different designs of hatchet flaps, for the reconstruction of the defects in 3 different parts of the lateral nasal region, has been presented. All flaps in 31 clinical cases were planned from the cheek and nasolabial region. For the defects in the upper 1/3 part, flaps were planned in advancement type, for the middle 1/3 part, flaps were planned in rotation-advancement type, and for the lower 1/3 part, flaps were planned in rotation type. Satisfactory results were achieved in all patients except in patients having defects in the lower 1/3 part.
In reconstruction of lateral nasal region defects, hatchet flap has different advantages such as versatility, better tissue match, and short final scar in the nasolabial fold. When planned in rotation type, for the lower 1/3 part, the ratio of complications increases significantly, which necessitates considering other flap options as the first-line choice of reconstruction for this region.
Why clinical trials are terminated
Authors: Pak Theodore R. , Rodriguez Maria D. , Roth Frederick P. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackground:Evidence-based clinical practice relies on unbiased reporting of negative results. Meta-analysis of drug safety and efficacy across many clinical trials is difficult given the unconstrained nature of reasons that are provided to ClinicalTrials.gov to explain clinical trial terminations.Methods and Findings:We scanned all trials in ClinicalTrials.gov marked with the “terminated” status (N=3122), meaning the trial had been stopped before the scheduled end date. Under the current reporting framework, any number of reasons may be given for termination, and these need not conform to a controlled vocabulary. Here we develop a controlled vocabulary for trial termination, and map each terminated trial to as many as three vocabulary terms. Mapping to this “ontology of termination” allows further analysis and conclusions. First, we identify the subset of terminated trials that ended citing safety concerns (6.2%) or failure to establish efficacy (10.8%), and were further able to stratify these rates across trials of different phases. Second, we examine termination reasons where a stricter data model could have preserved more evidentiary value, either because the data model was misused (7.6%) or because the given reason left unclear whether the decision to terminate was based on analysis of the data (74.9%, with 20.4% mentioning a decision-maker that may have had access to the data). Third, we show that imposing a controlled vocabulary of reasons for termination would avoid ambiguity and improve the evidentiary value of clinical trials.Conclusions:We encourage wider use of an “ontology of termination” and propose four questions that should be posed on trial termination. These simple steps would promote transparency and enable ready access to negative trial results for meta-analysis.