bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐Cyanochromones in [3 + 2] Cycloadditions with an Azomethine Ylide Derived from Sarcosine and Formaldehyde. A Short Synthesis of 1‐Benzopyrano[2,3‐c:3,4‐c′]dipyrrolidines.
Authors: Sosnovskikh Vyacheslav Ya. , Kornev Mikhail Yu. , Moshkin Vladimir S. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract3‐Substituted chromones undergo [3 + 2] cycloaddition with an azomethine ylide to produce benzopyranopyrrolidine derivatives (IV, isolated as hydrochlorides) in a diastereoselective manner.
ChemInform Abstract: 6‐Aroylated Phenanthridines via Base Promoted Homolytic Aromatic Substitution (BHAS).
Authors: Leifert Dirk , Daniliuc Constantin Gabriel , Studer Armido 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe novel method for the synthesis of 6‐aroylated phenanthridines involves the addition of acyl radicals to the isonitrile functionality of 2‐isocyanobiphenyls and subsequent intramolecular base promoted homolytic aromatic substitution.
ChemInform Abstract: Conversion of Pyridine to Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines by Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic Dehydrogenative Cyclization with Oxime Esters.
Authors: Huang Huawen , Ji Xiaochen , Tang Xiaodong , Zhang Min , Li Xianwei , Jiang Huanfeng 
Published: May 2014

AbstractNotable features of the title method are high efficiency, inexpensive catalyst, the use of air as an environmentally friendly oxidant, and acetic acid and water as green byproducts.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted, One‐Pot Reaction of 7‐Azaindoles and Aldehydes: A Facile Route to Novel Di‐7‐azaindolylmethanes.
Authors: Uddin Md. Imam , Buck Jason R. , Schulte Michael L. , Tang Dewei , Saleh Samir A. , Cheung Yiu‐Yin , Harp Joel , Manning H. Charles 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA novel and highly efficient microwave promoted reaction of 7‐azaindoles with aldehydes to give di‐7‐azaindolylmethanes (III) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: A DMAP‐Catalyzed Mild and Efficient Synthesis of 1,2‐Dihydroquinazolines via a One‐Pot Three‐Component Protocol.
Authors: Derabli Chamseddine , Boulcina Raouf , Kirsch Gilbert , Carboni Bertrand , Debache Abdelmadjid 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAn efficient and simple DMAP‐catalyzed reaction of 2‐aminobenzophenone with aromatic aldehydes and NH4OAc is developed to give 1,2‐dihydroquinazoline derivatives under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermolysis of 3‐Azido‐N‐phenylthieno[2,3‐b]pyridine‐2‐carboxamides.
Authors: Kanishcheva E. A. , Vasilin V. K. , Stroganova T. A. , Krapivin G. D. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThermal decomposition of the title azides (II) is accompanied by an intramolecular cyclization furnishing novel fused benzodiazepinone derivatives (III).
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of Benzanellated Diazacycloalkanes by Reductive Cleavage of 1,2‐Polymethylenebenzimidazoles.
Authors: Shvidenko Tatyana , Nazarenko Kostiantyn , Shvidenko Konstantin , Kostyuk Aleksandr 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIt is demonstrated that reductive cleavage of the anellated benzimidazole derivatives (I) and (IV) with DIBAL‐H leads to ring‐enlarged products (II) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: A trans‐Selective Hydroboration of Internal Alkynes.
Authors: Sundararaju Basker , Fuerstner Alois 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe use of a cationic Ru‐complex as catalyst and pinacolborane as reagent allows the hydroboration of different functionalized alkynes including macrocyclic alkynes with high to excellent E‐selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Dibenzoxaborininols from Diaryl Ethers and Their Application to Dibenzofuran Synthesis.
Authors: Niu Liting , Yang Haijun , Jiang Yuyang , Fu Hua 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe sequential three‐step process involves lithiation, borylation, and hydrolysis allowing the conversion of diaryl ethers into dibenzoxaborininols.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of β‐Hydroxy‐α‐haloesters Through Super Silyl Ester Directed syn‐Selective Aldol Reaction.
Authors: Oda Susumu , Yamamoto Hisashi 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe title synthesis proceeds with high syn‐diastereoselectivity and realized installation of halogen atoms (Br, Cl, F) into the α‐position of carbonyl compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: A [2 + 2 + 2] Cyclization Strategy for the Synthesis of Phosphorus Embedding [6]Helicene‐Like Structures.
Authors: Aillard Paul , Retailleau Pascal , Voituriez Arnaud , Marinetti Angela 
Published: May 2014

AbstractStarting from the at the phosphorus atom (S)‐configured molecule (III), the product ratio of the helical stereoisomers (IV) is 33:67 (P:M).
ChemInform Abstract: Ohmyungsamycins A (Ia) and B (Ib): Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Cyclic Peptides Produced by Streptomyces sp. from a Volcanic Island
Authors: Um Soohyun , Choi Tae Joon , Kim Heegyu , Kim Byung Yong , Kim Seong‐Hwan , Lee Sang Kook , Oh Ki‐Bong , Shin Jongheon , Oh Dong‐Chan 
Published: May 2014

Abstractisolation and structure elucidation
ChemInform Abstract: Controllable Regioselective Acylation of Flavonoids Catalyzed by Lipase in Microreactors.
Authors: Luo Xi‐Ping , Du Li‐Hua , He Feng , Zhou Chun‐Hui 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe described method allows the regioselective acylation of the flavanoids naringin (Ia) and naringin dihydrochalcone (Ib) in high yields within 30 min.
ChemInform Abstract: Voacalgines A—E, New Indole Alkaloids from Voacanga grandifolia.
Authors: Hirasawa Yusuke , Arai Hiroko , Rahman Abdul , Kusumawati Idha , Zaini Noor Cholies , Shirota Osamu , Morita Hiroshi 
Published: May 2014

AbstractCompound (I) exhibits moderate cell growth inhibitory activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structural Characterization of an Antiinflammatory Principle Purified from Lindera aggregata.
Authors: Kuo Ping‐Chung , Li Yue‐Chiun , Hwang Tsong‐Long , Ma Guo‐Hao , Yang Mei‐Lin , Lee E‐Jian , Wu Tian‐Shung 
Published: May 2014

AbstractLinderaggrine A (I) exhibits significant inhibitory effects against the superoxide anion generation.
ChemInform Abstract: Chromone Derivatives from the Leaves of Nicotiana tabacum and Their anti‐Tobacco Mosaic Virus Activities.
Authors: Chen Yongkuan , Yang Guangyu , Zhao Wei , Zhang Tao , Duan Yuanxing , Liu Zhihua , Miao Mingming 
Published: May 2014

AbstractNew chromone derivatives (I) are isolated from the title plant along with five known chromone derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemical Reactivity of Naphthols and Their Derivatives Toward α‐Cyanocinnamonitriles and Ethyl α‐Cyanocinnamates: A Review of Synthesis, Reactions and Applications of Naphthopyran Derivatives
Authors: Abd El‐Wahab Ashraf Hassan Fekry , Mohamed Hany Mostafa , El‐Agrody Ahmed Mohamed , Bedair Ahmed Hammam 
Published: May 2014

AbstractReview: 77 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Advancements in Oxazolidinone Synthesis Utilizing Carbon Dioxide as a C1 Source
Authors: Pulla Sharon , Felton Charlette M. , Ramidi Punnamchandar , Gartia Yashraj , Ali Nawab , Nasini Udaya B. , Ghosh Anindya 
Published: May 2014

AbstractReview: 52 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐(3‐(2‐Amino‐6,6‐difluoro‐4,4a,5,6,7,7a‐hexahydrocyclopenta[e] [1,3]oxazin‐ 4‐Yl)phenyl) Amides as BACE1 Inhibitors: A Patent Evaluation of WO2013041499
Authors: Dessolin Jean 
Published: May 2014

AbstractReview: 18 refs.
Selective Comminution for Fluorite/Barite Enrichment in the Processing of Mining Dumps
Authors: Hesse Max , Lieberwirth Holger 
Published: May 2014

AbstractFür die Aufbereitung von Erzen wird eine Vielzahl von Sortierverfahren eingesetzt, um Vorkonzentrate und Konzentrate herzustellen. Hier werden die Zusammenhänge ausgewählter stofflicher und maschineller Einflussgrößen auf die Anreicherung von Fluorit/Baryt‐Haldenmaterial mittels selektiver Zerkleinerung untersucht. Die quantitative Bewertung der Einzelpartikelprallzerkleinerungsversuche erfolgt über den Erztrennungsgrad. Bei den Untersuchungen werden Qualitätsmerkmale der Vorkonzentrate erzielt, wie sie auch im industriellen Maßstab bei anderen Technologien anzutreffen sind.
Using expert knowledge and modeling to define mangrove composition, functioning, and threats and estimate time frame for recovery
Authors: Mukherjee Nibedita , Sutherland William J. , Khan Md Nabiul I. , Berger Uta , Schmitz Nele , Dahdouh‐Guebas Farid , Koedam Nico 
Published: May 2014

AbstractMangroves are threatened worldwide, and their loss or degradation could impact functioning of the ecosystem. Our aim was to investigate three aspects of mangroves at a global scale: (1) their constituents (2) their indispensable ecological functions, and (3) the maintenance of their constituents and functions in degraded mangroves. We focused on answering two questions: “What is a mangrove ecosystem” and “How vulnerable are mangrove ecosystems to different impacts”? We invited 106 mangrove experts globally to participate in a survey based on the Delphi technique and provide inputs on the three aspects. The outputs from the Delphi technique for the third aspect, i.e. maintenance of constituents and functions were incorporated in a modeling approach to simulate the time frame for recovery. Presented here for the first time are the consensus definition of the mangrove ecosystem and the list of mangrove plant species. In this study, experts considered even monospecific (tree) stands to be a mangrove ecosystem as long as there was adequate tidal exchange, propagule dispersal, and faunal interactions. We provide a ranking of the important ecological functions, faunal groups, and impacts on mangroves. Degradation due to development was identified as having the largest impact on mangroves globally in terms of spatial scale, intensity, and time needed for restoration. The results indicate that mangroves are ecologically unique even though they may be species poor (from the vegetation perspective). The consensus list of mangrove species and the ranking of the mangrove ecological functions could be a useful tool for restoration and management of mangroves. While there is ample literature on the destruction of mangroves due to aquaculture in the past decade, this study clearly shows that more attention must go to avoiding and mitigating mangrove loss due to coastal development (such as building of roads, ports, or harbors).
Extremely low nucleotide polymorphism inPinus krempfiiLecomte, a unique flat needle pine endemic to Vietnam
Authors: Wang Baosheng , Khalili Mahani Marjan , Ng Wei Lun , Kusumi Junko , Phi Hai Hong , Inomata Nobuyuki , Wang Xiao‐Ru , Szmidt Alfred E. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractPinus krempfiiLecomte is a morphologically and ecologically unique pine, endemic to Vietnam. It is regarded as vulnerable species with distribution limited to just two provinces: Khanh Hoa and Lam Dong. Although a few phylogenetic studies have included this species, almost nothing is known about its genetic features. In particular, there are no studies addressing the levels and patterns of genetic variation in natural populations ofP. krempfii. In this study, we sampled 57 individuals from six natural populations ofP. krempfiiand analyzed their sequence variation in ten nuclear gene regions (approximately 9 kb) and 14 mitochondrial (mt)DNAregions (approximately 10 kb). We also analyzed variation at seven chloroplast (cp) microsatellite (SSR) loci. We found very low haplotype and nucleotide diversity at nuclear loci compared with other pine species. Furthermore, all investigated populations were monomorphic across all mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) regions included in our study, which are polymorphic in other pine species. Population differentiation at nuclear loci was low (5.2%) but significant. However, structure analysis of nuclear loci did not detect genetically differentiated groups of populations. Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) using nuclear sequence data and mismatch distribution analysis forcpSSRloci suggested recent expansion of the species. The implications of these findings for the management and conservation ofP. krempfiigenetic resources were discussed.
Egg color variation, but not egg rejection behavior, changes in a cuckoo host breeding in the absence of brood parasitism
Authors: Yang Canchao , Liu Yang , Zeng Lijin , Liang Wei 
Published: May 2014

AbstractInteractions between parasitic cuckoos and their songbird hosts form a classical reciprocal “arms race,” and are an excellent model for understanding the process of coevolution. Changes in host egg coloration via the evolution of interclutch variation in egg color or intraclutch consistency in egg color are hypothesized counter adaptations that facilitate egg recognition and thus limit brood parasitism. Whether these antiparasitism strategies are maintained when the selective pressure of parasitism is relaxed remains debated. However, introduced species provide unique opportunities for testing the direction and extent of natural selection on phenotypic trait maintenance and variation. Here, we investigated egg rejection behavior and egg color polymorphism in the red‐billed leiothrix (Leiothrix lutea), a common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) host, in a population introduced to Hawaii 100 years ago (breeding without cuckoos) and a native population in China (breeding with cuckoos). We found that egg rejection ability was equally strong in both the native and the introduced populations, but levels of interclutch variation and intraclutch consistency in egg color in the native population were higher than in the introduced population. This suggests that egg rejection behavior in hosts can be maintained in the absence of brood parasitism and that egg appearance is maintained by natural selection as a counter adaptation to brood parasitism. This study provides rare evidence that host antiparasitism strategies can change under parasite‐relaxed conditions and reduced selection pressure.
Detection of Terahertz Pulsed Radiation by Using Heterodyne Electro‐Optic Sampling Scheme
Authors: Tani Masahiko , Bakunov Michael I. , Yamamoto Kohji , Horita Kazuki , Kinoshita Tetsuya , Nagase Tomohiro 
Published: May 2014

SUMMARYA new electro‐optic (EO) sampling scheme, which we refer to as “heterodyne EO sampling,” for the detection of pulsed terahertz (THz) waves is proposed and demonstrated. In this heterodyne EO sampling scheme, the intensity change in the sampling optical pulse induced by a THz field in a nonlinear crystal is measured without using any polarization optics. Applied in conjunction with the noncollinear Cherenkov phase matching technique, this method allows efficient and easy detection of pulsed THz wave using a simpler optical setup than in the conventional EO sampling method.
Distinction of Wet Road Surface Condition at Night Using Texture Features
Authors: Shibata Keiji , Furukane Tatsuya , Kawai Shohei , Horita Yuukou 
Published: May 2014

SUMMARYThe necessity of distinguishing the road surface condition at night time is increasing because most of the previously proposed methods correspond only to daytime. In this paper, we propose a method of distinguishing road surface condition using only video information acquired from a visible surveillance video camera. The feature of this method is that it simply uses automobile headlights as the light source. Thus it becomes possible to distinguish between road surface conditions, such as dry and wet, with high accuracy using this method.
A Selective Synthesis of Fluorinated Cispentacin Derivatives
Authors: Kiss Loránd , Nonn Melinda , Forró Enikő , Sillanpää Reijo , Fustero Santos , Fülöp Ferenc 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA facile selective method has been developed for the synthesis of new fluorine‐containing cispentacin stereoisomers. Mono‐ and difluorinated cispentacin derivatives were synthetized from a bicyclic β‐lactam in five or six steps involving a regio‐ and stereoselective hydroxylation through iodooxazoline formation, followed by deoxygenation by fluorination. Starting from an enantiomerically pure bicyclic β‐lactam obtained by enzymatic resolution of the racemic compound, an enantiodivergent procedure allowed the preparation of both dextro‐ and levorotatory difluorinated cispentacins.
An Approach to the Bicyclic C‐5–C‐17/C‐19–C‐20 (BC) Portion of Neoclerodane Diterpenes by Intramolecular Diels–Alder Reaction
Authors: Wang Yuzhou , Rogachev Victor , Wolter Martin , Gruner Margit , Jäger Anne , Metz Peter 
Published: May 2014

AbstractUsing a highly diastereoselective intramolecular acrylate [4+2] cycloaddition as the key step, a short route from 3‐furaldehyde to a bicyclic building block for the synthesis of neoclerodane diterpenes was developed. A first attempt featuring a conjugate methylation of a dienyl lactone failed, but a streamlined sequence using an all‐encompassing intramolecular Diels–Alder reaction of a sterically congested 1,3‐diene was successful.
Chiral Synthetic Equivalents of 2‐Cyanoethyl Tetraisopropylphosphorodiamidite: Application to the Synthesis and Resolution of Chiral Phosphoric Acids
Authors: Isaac Kévin , Stemper Jérémie , Retailleau Pascal , Betzer Jean‐François , Marinetti Angela 
Published: May 2014

AbstractFour synthetic equivalents of (iPr2N)2P‐OCH2CH2CN (1) have been prepared from readily available enantiomerically pure β‐hydroxynitriles as well as from chiral β‐hydroxy esters. To demonstrate their possible use as phosphinating/resolving agents, these phosphorodiamidites have been used in the synthesis of known phosphoric acids. The method allows enantiomerically pure acids to be obtained through separation of the diastereomeric phosphates. The method should favorably compete with other resolution procedures, e.g. fractional crystallization or chiral HPLC, for the small‐scale synthesis of new phosphoric acids for screening purposes. As synthetic equivalents of 1, these auxiliaries might find applications also in other areas, for the synthesis of biologically relevant compounds.
Development and pilot test of a new set of good practice indicators for chronic cancer pain management
Authors: Saturno P.J. , Martinez‐Nicolas I. , Robles‐Garcia I.S. , López‐Soriano F. , Angel‐García D. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundPain is among the most important symptoms in terms of prevalence and cause of distress for cancer patients and their families. However, there is a lack of clearly defined measures of quality pain management to identify problems and monitor changes in improvement initiatives.MethodsWe built a comprehensive set of evidence‐based indicators following a four‐step model: (1) review and systematization of existing guidelines to list evidence‐based recommendations; (2) review and systematization of existing indicators matching the recommendations; (3) development of new indicators to complete a set of measures for the identified recommendations; and (4) pilot test (in hospital and primary care settings) for feasibility, reliability (kappa), and usefulness for the identification of quality problems using the lot quality acceptance sampling (LQAS) method and estimates of compliance.ResultsTwenty‐two indicators were eventually pilot tested. Seventeen were feasible in hospitals and 12 in all settings. Feasibility barriers included difficulties in identifying target patients, deficient clinical records and low prevalence of cases for some indicators. Reliability was mostly very good or excellent (k > 0.8). Four indicators, all of them related to medication and prevention of side effects, had acceptable compliance at 75%/40% LQAS level. Other important medication‐related indicators (i.e., adjustment to pain intensity, prescription for breakthrough pain) and indicators concerning patient‐centred care (i.e., attention to psychological distress and educational needs) had very low compliance, highlighting specific quality gaps.ConclusionsA set of good practice indicators has been built and pilot tested as a feasible, reliable and useful quality monitoring tool, and underscoring particular and important areas for improvement.
Method for the determination of natural ester‐type gum bases used as food additives via direct analysis of their constituent wax esters using high‐temperature GC/MS
Authors: Tada Atsuko , Ishizuki Kyoko , Yamazaki Takeshi , Sugimoto Naoki , Akiyama Hiroshi 
Published: May 2014

AbstractNatural ester‐type gum bases, which are used worldwide as food additives, mainly consist of wax esters composed of long‐chain fatty acids and long‐chain fatty alcohols. There are many varieties of ester‐type gum bases, and thus a useful method for their discrimination is needed in order to establish official specifications and manage their quality control. Herein is reported a rapid and simple method for the analysis of different ester‐type gum bases used as food additives by high‐temperature gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). With this method, the constituent wax esters in ester‐type gum bases can be detected without hydrolysis and derivatization. The method was applied to the determination of 10 types of gum bases, including beeswax, carnauba wax, lanolin, and jojoba wax, and it was demonstrated that the gum bases derived from identical origins have specific and characteristic total ion chromatogram (TIC) patterns and ester compositions. Food additive gum bases were thus distinguished from one another based on their TIC patterns and then more clearly discriminated using simultaneous monitoring of the fragment ions corresponding to the fatty acid moieties of the individual molecular species of the wax esters. This direct high‐temperature GC/MS method was shown to be very useful for the rapid and simple discrimination of varieties of ester‐type gum bases used as food additives.
Stable Underlying Equations for Constrained Hamiltonian Systems
Authors: Seiler Werner M. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractConstrained Hamiltonian systems represent a special class of differential algebraic equations appearing in many mechanical problems. We survey some possibilities for exploiting their rich geometric structures in the numerical integration of the systems. Our main theme is the construction of underlying equations for which the constraint manifold possesses good stability properties. As an application we compare position and momentum projections for systems with externally imposed holonomic constraints. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Symplectic Time‐Stepping for Particle Methods
Authors: Dixon Matthew , Reich Sebastian 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis paper surveys some of the fundamental properties of symplectic integration schemes for classical mechanics and particle methods in particular. The widely used Störmer‐Verlet method is discussed in detail and implications of conservation of symplecticity on long term simulations are outlined. The second part of the paper describes the application of a Lagrangian particle method and the Störmer‐Verlet time integrator to numerical weather prediction (NWP). A simple vertical slice model and non‐hydrostatic flow over orography are discussed in detail. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The three‐field formulation for elasticity problems
Authors: Brezzi Franco , Marini Luisa Donatella 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe three‐field decomposition method is particularly suited for decompositions with non matching grids. It corresponds to introduce an additional grid (usually uniform, or “easy”) at the interface. The unknown is then represented independently in each subdomain and on the interface. The matching between its value in each subdomain and on the interface is provided by suitable Lagrange multipliers. Here we discuss the main features of the method for a linear three‐dimensional elasticity problem, in the simplest case of two subdomains. An easy numerical test to check whether the inf‐sup conditions (necessary for the stability) are satisfied is also presented. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)