bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ensuring advanced therapy treatments for ocular surface patients
Authors: PONZIN D 
Published: August 2014

AbstractEnsuring Advanced Therapy treatments for ocular surface patients. Diego Ponzin Recent advances in the fields of eye banking, ophthalmology and regenerative medicine are challenging the traditional activities of eye banks. Autologous serum eye‐drops and amniotic membrane transplantation are being offered as complementary or alternative remedies for ocular surface disorders. While penetrating keratoplasty remains the most common procedure for cornea transplantation, advances in corneal surgery have led to the development of lamellar keratoplasty (LK) as a way to replace only the anterior stroma or the posterior stromal/endothelial layers. Progress in femtosecond lasers and microkeratome‐based techniques in creating precut endothelial donor tissues are at the basis of the success of lamellar procedures, most of which are performed with tissues pre‐cut, pre‐stripped or pre‐bubbled in the eye banks. Autologous cultured limbal stem cells have been used to restore damaged corneal surfaces in hundreds of patients with limbal stem cell deficiency. Strategies aimed at the regeneration of conjunctival epithelium and corneal endothelium through cell therapy and genetic engineering of c
Treatment of neovascular glaucoma by Anti VEGF injections and laser
Authors: MASCHI C 
Published: August 2014

AbstractSince the 90s, most of the choroidal melanomas have been treated by radiotherapy either with brachytherapy or external beam.Unfortunately, post radiation complications may occur and neovascular glaucoma (GNV) is one the most feared. GNV happens in almost 23% of the cases at 5 years after irradiation, mostly for large melanomas but also for small ones. It complicates radiation retinopathy and toxic tumoral syndrome. As for diabetic retinopathy, laser photocoagulation can prevent the iris neovascularisation and glaucoma. If high pressure and secondary corneal edema are present, several authors have shown that intra‐vitreal or intra cameral injections of anti‐VEGF make iris neovessels regress and help the control of intra ocular pressure. In case of toxic tumoral syndrome, laser is ineffective and enucleation has often been necessary for intolerable pain. There is no recognized treatment for toxic tumoral syndrome: anti VEGF agents have shown good results for some patients but recent publications suggest that corticoid injections and surgical treatments may more efficient. GNV is a frequent and feared complication of ocular irradiation and its management requires several tools including laser and anti VEGF agents.
Revisiting infectious triggers of chronic intraocular immunity
Authors: BODAGHI B 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe pathogenesis of intraocular inflammation has been extensively revisited on the basis of different sophisticated experimental models but also new molecular tools applied to ocular fluids or tissues. Experimental ocular inflammation may not be induced in germ‐free animal facilities. Moreover, an infectious agent has been identified in patients presenting with different uveitis entities, previously considered as autoimmune and therefore treated with corticosteroids and aggressive immunosuppressive agents. Molecular mimicry or expression of foreign antigens may trigger an inflammatory reaction, masquerading as an autoimmune uveitis. Fuchs cyclitis, Posner‐Schlossman syndrome, serpiginous choroiditis, nonnecrotizing herpetic retinopathies have been recently characterized, expanding the spectrum of infectious uveitis. Microbiological identification remains the first step prior to initiation of a specific therapy, reducing the risk of relapse and achieving a better visual outcome in challenging situations.
Photodynamic therapy outcomes in myopic CNV
Authors: XIROU T 
Published: August 2014

AbstractChoroidal Neovascularization (CNV) is a vision threatening complication of pathological myopia. Treatment modalities include thermal laser photocoagulation, surgical management, photodynamic therapy with verteporfin (vPDT) and Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors. The Verteporfin in Photodynamic Therapy (VIP) Study Group recommended verteporfin therapy for subfoveal CNV resulting from pathologic myopia based on 2‐year results of this randomized clinical trial, although the primary outcome was not statistically significantly in favor of verteporfin therapy at 2 years follow‐up. Since anti –VEGFs became available they have been used successfully in the treatment of CNV and promising results on their short‐term efficacy have been reported. Furthermore clinical trials comparing anti‐VEGFs with verteporfin therapy demonstrated superior efficacy of anti‐VEGFs. The reason to concern an anti‐VEGFs treatment is arising over their long‐term safety and efficacy. Recent reports on long‐Term inhibitory effects of PDT on myopic CNV arising at the edge of chorioretinal atrophy, in eyes with juxtafoveal neovascular membranes show that PDT remains to play a role in the management of myopic CNV.
Russian KPro – UV crosslinked cornea complex implanation: Techniques and clinical results
Authors: MOROZ Z , KOVSHUN E , GOLOVIN A 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPenetrating keratoprosthetics of thin irregular corneal leukomas requires several preliminary surgical procedures. To reduce the period of visual rehabilitation and number of operations for this group of patients a new type of surgical treatment, combining keratoplasty and keratoprosthetics, was developed in 1996. This technique was named “K‐Pro – cornea” complex transplantation. Methods: At first collagen‐crosslinking procedure was performed for allogeneic preserved donor cornea according to the Zurich protocol with the use of UV‐X‐1000 (IROC Innocross, Switzerland) and 1% riboflavin solution (Dextralink). Further Fedorov‐Zuev keratoprothesis was implanted into the modified cornea. Resulting complex was cut out of the corneal‐scleral rim with 9,0 mm trephination blade. Recipients corneal disk of the same diameter was removed and all procedures, necessary for the lens and anterior chamber, were performed before placing “K‐Pro – cornea” complex into the bed and fixing it with interrupted sutures. All in all 64 patients with vascularized leukomas were treated with the use of this technique. Observation period was up to 10 years. Results: Best spectacle‐corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) rose from pr. l. certae before surgery to 0,01‐1,0 after. Following complications were met in the postoperative period: retroprothesis membrane (99,9%), aseptic necrosis (39,6%), K‐Pro protrusion (11%). Conclusions: Developed technique of transplantation of “K‐Pro – cornea” complex enabled to reduce the number of main and preliminary surgical procedures and the period of patients visual rehabilitation. Key words: K‐Pro, keratoplasty, collagen‐crosslinking.
BAP1 germline mutations in Finnish uveal melanoma patients
Authors: TURUNEN J , MARKKINEN S , WILSKA R , MUONA M , RAIVIO V , TÄLL M , LINDH S , LEHESJOKI AE , KIVELÄ T 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To estimate the frequency of germline mutations in the BRCA‐1 associated protein‐1 (BAP1) gene that predisposes to a range of cancer types, including uveal melanoma.Methods In Finland, all uveal melanoma patients are referred to the Ocular Oncology Service, Helsinki University Central Hospital. We collected clinical data and genomic DNA from 146 patients treated between 2011 and 2013. In addition, we identified 12 families each with two uveal melanoma patients. We were able to collect genomic DNA from 14 members of uveal melanoma families. All 17 exons of the BAP1 gene were sequenced in a total of 160 patients.Results We found two possible dominant mutations: a sporadic mutation in a highly conserved donor splice site after exon 2 and a frameshift insertion mutation in exon 14 in three patients. The latter mutation was found in a mother and son both diagnosed with uveal melanoma. The third patient, who shared the same mutation, is potentially a distant relative of this family. These mutations were not present in 3,325 Finnish controls from the Sisu project (www.sisuproject.fi).Conclusion BAP1 germline mutations in Finland contribute to uveal melanoma in only 1.4% of patients (2 mutations, 147 patients; 95% CI 0.2 ‐ 4.8) based on our non‐selected sample, excluding second cases in families. The BAP1 syndrome exists but does not seem to be particularly prevalent in Finland in spite that Northern Europe is a high risk region for this cancer.
NRAS, BRAF and KIT expression/mutational status, miRNA related profile and clinico‐pathologic parameters in pigmented lesions of the conjunctiva
Authors: PARROZZANI R , FRIZZIERO L , PERRINI P , ALESSANDRINI L , BLANDAMURA S , MIDENA E 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To investigate NRAS and BRAF mutations and BRAF immunohistochemical expression in a group of melanocytic conjunctival tumors previously tested for KIT status, and to verify the correlation between KIT/BRAF mutational statuses with miRNAs involved in the RAS‐RAF‐MAPK pathway.Methods 85 non‐consecutive cases of conjunctival melanocytic proliferation whit no remarkable KIT gene mutations were included. BRAF was analyzed for the V600E mutation, whereas NRAS molecular analysis was conduced for exons 1 and 2. Expression profiling of mature miRNAs was performed with the NCode miRNA qRT‐PCR method.Results The nucleic acids amount was suitable for the analyses in 25 cases (29%). Of these, two melanomas (15%) presented a NRAS point mutation (Q61K) and other two melanomas (15%) and one nevus (10%) resulted V600E BRAF‐mutated. The sensitivity and specificity of VE1 antibody in detecting BRAF V600E mutation were, respectively, 100% and 82%. Expression levels of miR‐15b and miR‐16 detected in BRAF mutated cases were higher than in wild type cases (p=0.05). MiR‐222 was associated with tumor thickness (p=0.01) and tumor stage (p=0.02) whereas miR‐15b was related to tumor stage (p=0.04). Let‐7a, miR‐15a/b and miR‐16 were significantly down‐regulated in melanomas and PAMs compared with nevi.Conclusion VE1 immunohistochemical staining is an accurate, rapid, and cost‐effective method in selecting cases that should undergo molecular testing. Specific miRNAs have been identified as a potential diagnostic tool to differentiate between benign and malignant melanocytic lesions of the conjunctiva, and as prognostic markers among malignant ones.
Refractive error changes in cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular cataracts
Authors: ELLIOTT D 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn addition to the well known myopic shift in nuclear cataracts, astigmatic shifts have been reported in cortical cataracts, although posterior subcapsular cataracts typically show no significant refractive error change. These refractive shifts are thought to be due to changes in refractive index that are either diffuse (nuclear) or in isolated sections (cortical). Correction of these refractive changes can be troublesome for the patient as updated spectacles provide magnification changes as well as improved vision and older patients can find it difficult to adapt. Both spherical and astigmatic spectacle magnification changes can have significant effects on the vestibulo‐ocular reflex gain and can lead to potentially unsafe adaptive gait on steps and stairs in older patients. Indeed, fully correcting large refractive changes in older, frail patients has been shown to increase the likelihood of falls and a conservative approach to correcting these refractive changes is recommended.
Is it possible to see through a cataractous lens?
Authors: ARTAL P 
Published: August 2014

AbstractCataract increases light scatter in the lens and reduces the contrast in the retinal images severely degrading vision. The current solution is to perform surgery to remove the natural lens that is substituted by an intraocular lens. This is a successful procedure restoring good quality of vision in most patients. However, in many situations it would be incredible advantageous to actually “see” through a cataractous eye. I would address several options based in the use of spatial and temporal photonics techniques for imaging through the turbid media of the cataractous eye. There are two possible applications: a fundus camera to register images of the retina in patients affected by cataracts and opto‐electronics spectacles to restore some vision in cataract patients.
Assessment and novel classification of vitreoretinal interface disorders
Authors: GUALINO V 
Published: August 2014

AbstractOptical coherence tomography has nowdays become essential investigation device in patient evaluation. It has changed our understanding of vitreomacular interface disorders. Principal pathologies include epiretinal membrane, vitreomacular traction syndrome, macular holes, and less commonly myopic foveoschisis. They characteristics will be detailled. Recently, new international classification of vitreomacular adhesion, traction, and macular hole has been proposed considering anatomical oct considerations. According to panel consensus definitions, this classification may help clinician in predicting therapeutical outcomes.
What's new for the surgical management of vitreoretinal interface disorders?
Authors: POURNARAS JA 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe main vitreomacular interface disorders include epiretinal membranes, macular holes, vitreomacular traction syndrome, and less commonly myopic foveoschisis. They are characterized by abnormal mechanical and biochemical interactions between the posterior hyaloid and retinal surface. Based on patient visual impairment and on OCT findings, surgical approach may be considered. Depending on pathophyisiological process, ILM peeling may be discussed. Latest developments of surgical technology for the management of vitreomacular interface disorders will be detailled based on most recent data.
Anti‐glaucoma drugs and their additives, testing the influence of excipients on the corneal healing process in the EX‐Vivo Eye Irritation Test (EVEIT) system
Authors: DUTESCU M , PINHEIRO R , PANFIL C , SCHRAGE N 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose This study examined the impact of anti‐glaucoma medications and their additives on the corneal healing process and corneal toxicity.Methods BAK‐free PG analogues (Lumigan UD, Monoprost, Taflotan Sine), soft preserved Travatan BAK free, as well as polyquaternium‐1 (0.001%) and Macrogolglycerolhydroxystearate 40 (5%) were tested regarding corneal irritability and effect on corneal healing against HYLO COMOD (1 mg/mL sodium hyaluronate) as positive and 0.02% benzalkonium chloride (BAK) as negative control. Formulas were applied over three days, six times daily on rabbit corneas cultured on an artificial anterior chamber the Ex Vivo Eye Irritation Test (EVEIT) system. Initially, four corneal abrasions (2.5–4.5 mm2) were induced. All defects were monitored by fluorescein stains and photographs.Results For BAK, the corneal erosion size increased from 14.16 mm² to 88.89 mm². A delay of corneal healing is evident for Monoprost (14.84 mm² to 9.45 mm²) and Macrogolglycerolhydroxystearate 40 (11.58 mm² to 1.56 mm²) in comparison to a complete healing for HYLO COMOD, Lumigan, Taflotan Sine, Travatan and polyquaternium‐1®. For both Monoprost and macrogolglycerolhydroxystearate 40, a bright opaque halo around the remaining erosion area could be noticed. Histology revealed severe alterations of the superficia stroma. Cornea tested without erosions show no corneal toxicity of macrogol 4000.Conclusion Macrogolglycerolhydroxystearate 40, an additive found in Monoprost® shows corneal toxicity solely in case of corneal erosions. This excipient is a known skin irritant. Therefore, the use of Monoprost® in patients with epithelial defects should be questioned.
Commercial interest
Singapore results for OOKP and superfunctional OOKP implants
Authors: MEHTA J , TAN X , TAN D 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose: To describe the outcome of OOKP in Singapore and improvements in outcomes Method: Retrospective Case Review and comparison to the literature Results: We have performed 40 cases over the last decade. The median visual acuity postop was 6/18. The most common complications postop were glaucoma, mucosal ulceration and bone resorption. Titanium is a possible replacement for the tooth in OOKP. Functionalisation of the surface with antimicrobial peptide has been shown to reduce infective rates both in vitro and in vivo Conclusion: Our OOKP program has promising results, however, development of an artificial haptic instead of a tooth that can be functionalized may improve outcome even further.
Challenges to globalizing keratoprothesis surgery
Authors: CHODOSH J 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis presentation will address the current status of keratoprosthesis globalization, world‐wide, with special attention to use in less economically developed countries. The author will review the existing literature, and discuss obstacles and opportunities encountered in implementation of keratoprosthesis surgery in blind, indigent patients, world‐wide. Implantation of keratoprostheses, including the modified osteo‐odonto keratoprosthesis and the Boston keratoprosthesis, is increasing internationally, and in particular, in less economically developed nations with large proportions of indigent, corneal blind patients. Based on the published literature, specific complications, such as device extrusion and infectious endophthalmitis, may be more common in these settings. Increased implantation of keratoprosthesis use in less economically developed countries will bring new challenges. We can expect increased reports of severe complications after keratoprosthesis implantation, particularly in the poorest patients. New designs and approaches are needed before keratoprosthesis implantation can be fully globalized.
Tumour regression pattern according to tumour shape after brachyther‐apy for 330 uveal melanomas
Authors: MAMUNUR R , KIVELÄ T 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To describe regression patterns and their relationship with tumour shape of uveal melanoma by thickness and cross‐sectional area.Methods A retrospective study of 330 consecutive ciliochoroidal melanomas treated with I or Ru plaques in 2000‐2008 and imaged with Innovative Imaging I3‐ultrasound. Tumours were measured with Olympus DP‐Soft from original digital images. The COMS shape groups were partially collapsed: group 1: flat and crescent; group 2: oval and dome; group 3: mushroom; group 4: lobulated; and group 5: other or undetermined. Regression patterns were adapted from Abramson et al. (1990) into 4 main types: D (net decrease), S (stable), I (net increase), and M (for miscellaneous). We further subdivided M into 5 subtypes: DI (D>I), DS (D>S), ID (I>D), SD (S>D), and Z (zigzag; no trend).Results The regression pattern D was always the most common (31‐63% of tumors by thickness and 33‐72% by cross‐sectional area, for shape groups 1‐4); and the DS pattern was the second most common one (22‐24% and 16‐26%, respectively), except for group 2. Of the DI and Z patterns with later tumor increase, the former was fairly evenly spread across groups (5‐6% and 8‐10%, respectively) whereas the latter was observed mainly in shape groups 1 and 2 (15% and 17‐22%, respectively). The SD and ID patterns later tumor decrease were most common in shape groups 1 and 2, respectively, and most tumors representing the S pattern were shape group 1.Conclusion Heterogeneity in regression patterns and tumour shapes must be taken into account when using regression as a statistical variable in outcome analysis. Until now, all tumours have been pooled together despite significant differences in regression patterns, except in the study by Abramson et al. (1990).
Reasons for secondary enucleation after eye preventing treatment of uveal melanoma
Authors: SAAKYAN S , AMIRYAN A , MIRONOVA I 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To determine the reasons for secondary enucleation after eye preventing treatment of uveal melanoma (UM).Methods A retrospective analysis of cases of enucleation after previously treated UM. During 2007 65 patients underwent secondary enucleation ‐ 39 (60%) women and 26 (40%) men, mean age before enucleation was 54 years (range, 25‐75). The period of time between UM local treatment and enucleation planning composed 32 ± 26,7 months (range, 2‐108).Results Tumor thickness prior the enucleation was 4,36±3,5 mm and base diameter ‐ 9,8 ± 5,6 mm, before local therapy‐5,2±2,7 mm and 11,7 ± 4,3 mm, respectively. UM was localized in the choroid (43 patients, 66.1%), ciliochoroidal localization was observed in 12 (18.5%), in the iris ‐ 1 (1.5%), iridociliary ‐ 5 (7,8%), iridociliochoroidal ‐ 4 (6.1%) patients. In most cases, the patients had previously been undergone brachytherapy (45 patients, 69.2%), much less ‐ other methods: combined treatment ‐ 6 (9.2%), laser treatment ‐ 4 (6.2%), local excision ‐ 8 (12.3%), proton irradiation ‐2 (3.1%) patients. The reasons for enucleation were: continued growth ‐ 41 patients (63.1%), secondary incurable hypertension ‐ 23 (35.4%), vitreos body hemorrhage ‐ 13 (20%), extraocular extension ‐ 19 (29.2%), sclera necrosis ‐ 8 (12.3%), the residual tumor ‐ 23 (35.4%). Histologically, spindle cell tumor type was confirmed in 17 patients (26.1%), epitelioid cell UM ‐ 15 (23.1%), mixed cell UM ‐ 19 (29.2%) patients and total tumor necrosis‐ 14 (21.6%).Conclusion The most frequent causes of enucleation after previously local treatment were tumor continued growth and the presence of incompletely tumor tissue resorption. UM any location and with different cell types can be the cause of secondary enucleation.
Aneurysmal bone cyst: an exceptional entity in the orbit
Authors: LEMAITRE S , ZMUDA M , JACOMET PV , BERGES O , GALATOIRE O 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Aneurysmal bone cyst is a rare benign bone neoplasm. The most common affected anatomical sites are vertebral column and long bones. We report two uncommon cases of orbital aneurysmal bone cyst.Methods Two patients presented with a sudden left proptosis and ocular motility restriction. Case 1 is a 74‐year‐old female whose visual acuity is perception of light in the left eye due to severe papilledema. Imaging studies of the orbit reveal a large cystic frontal bone tumor associated with a subperiosteal hematoma causing eyeball and optic nerve compression. A preoperative arteriography shows a moderate vascular blush. Drainage of the haematoma is performed. A local recurrence with hematoma formation occurred two years after the first surgery. Case 2 is a 45‐year‐old female. Imaging studies reveal a smaller cystic frontal bone tumour associated with a subperiosteal hematoma. The patient achieved full visual recovery after the drainage of the hematoma with no recurrence after treatment.Results In both cases the aneurysmal bone cyst was revealed by an acute orbital compartment syndrome due to a subperiosteal hemorrhage. A biopsy of the tumor within the frontal bone was performed during surgery and submitted to pathology for examination. Aneurysmal bone cyst secondary to another primary bone lesion was therefore excluded.Conclusion Aneurysmal bone cysts are tumors of unknown cause which occur more often in the first 2 decades of life. Complete surgical resection is not always possible and the local recurrence rate is 20%.