bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How enoxaparin underdosing and sex contribute to achieving therapeutic anti-Xa levels
Authors: Tinchon Alexander , Brait Joana , Klee Sascha , Graichen Uwe , Baumgartner Christian , Friedrich Oliver , Freydl Elisabeth , Oberndorfer Stefan , Struhal Walter , Hain Barbara , Waiß Christoph , Stoiber Dagmar 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionAnti-Xa serves as a clinical surrogate for assessing the efficacy and bleeding risk in patients treated with enoxaparin for thromboembolic events. Evidence from the literature and empirical observations suggest that patients are underdosed in clinical practice to avoid bleeding complications. This study aimed to investigate such underdosing of enoxaparin and its potential impact on achieving therapeutic anti-Xa levels.MethodsThis multicentric, retrospective, observational study included patients with acute ischemic stroke due to atrial fibrillation. All patients received enoxaparin in the therapeutic setting with subsequent anti-Xa measurements. The one-sample, one-tailed Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to identify a significant difference between the doses administered and the recommended daily dose. Logistic regression model analysis was performed to identify additional predictors affecting achievement of the therapeutic anti-Xa target range. Stepwise forward-backward selection with Akaike’s information criterion as metric was applied to refine the logistic regression model.ResultsA total of 145 patients from the university hospitals of St. Pölten and Tulln in Lower Austria were included. The median daily enoxaparin dose administered was 1.23 mg/kg, resulting in an overall target range achievement rate of 66%. As compared to recommended therapeutic doses, significant underdosing of enoxaparin was evident in both participating centers (p &lt; 0.001). The calculated threshold dose to achieve the therapeutic target range with a 90% probability was 1.5 mg/kg enoxaparin daily. Female sex was found to be a strong independent predictor of achieving a therapeutic target range (OR 9.44; 95% CI 3.40–30.05, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionDespite the underdosing observed in both centers, therapeutic anti-Xa levels were achieved with lower than recommended doses of enoxaparin, and women required even lower doses than men. These findings warrant further confirmation by prospective studies.
Short-chain fatty acids regulate erastin-induced cardiomyocyte ferroptosis and ferroptosis-related genes
Authors: He Xiaojun , Long Qiang , Zhong Yiming , Zhang Yecen , Qian Bei , Huang Shixing , Chang Lan , Qi Zhaoxi , Li Lihui , Wang Xinming , Yang Xiaomei , Dong Gao Wei , Ye Xiaofeng , Zhao Qiang 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundFerroptosis has been proven to contribute to the progression of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and can be inhibited or promoted by ATF3. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have shown benefits in various cardiovascular diseases with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, the impact of SCFAs on ferroptosis in ischemic-stimulated cardiomyocytes remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of SCFAs on cardiomyocyte ferroptosis, the expression of ATF3, and its potential upstream regulators.Methods and resultsThe expression of ATF3, ferroptosis pathway geneset (FPG), and geneset of potential regulators for ATF3 (GPRA, predicted by the PROMO database) was explored in the public human myocardial infarction single-cell RNA-seq (sma) dataset. Cardiomyocyte data was extracted from the dataset and re-clustered to explore the FPG, ATF3, and GPRA expression patterns in cardiomyocyte subclusters. A dose-dependent toxic experiment was run to detect the suitable dose for SCFA treatment. The erastin-induced ferroptosis model and hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) model (10 h of hypoxia followed by 6 h of reoxygenation) were adopted to assess the effect of SCFAs via the CCK8 assay. Gene expression was examined via RT-PCR and western blot. Ferroptosis markers, including lipid peroxides and Fe2+, were detected using the liperfluo and ferroOrange probes, respectively. In the sma dataset, upregulated ferroptosis pathway genes were mainly found in the infarction-stimulated cardiac cells (border zone and fibrotic zone), particularly the cardiomyocytes and adipocytes. The ATF3 and some of its potential transcription factors (VDR, EGR3, PAX5, and SP1) can be regulated by SCFA. SCFA can attenuate erastin-induced lipid peroxidation in cardiomyocytes. SCFA treatment can also reverse erastin-induced Fe2+ increase but may strengthen the Fe2+ in the H/R model. We also precisely defined a ferroptosis subcluster of cardiomyocytes (CM09) that highly expressed FPG, ATF3, and GPRA.ConclusionThe ATF3 and the ferroptosis pathway are elevated in cardiomyocytes of injury-related cardiac regions (border zone, ischemic zone, and fibrotic zone). SCFA can attenuate cardiomyocyte ferroptosis and regulate the expression of ATF3. Our study offers novel insights into the potential targets of SCFAs in the cardiovascular system.
Feasibility of probing the NEEC process using storage rings
Authors: Yang Yi , Wang Yumiao , Ma Zhiguo , Fu Changbo , He Wanbing , Ma Yugang 
Published: July 2024

One of the fundamental processes in nuclear physics is nuclear excitation by electron capture (NEEC). Having been proposed theoretically for almost 50 years, the experimental confirmation of NEEC is still missing, making it imperative to validate this process. In this paper, we propose a new experimental method based on the anti-coincidence principle to search for the long-anticipated NEEC phenomenon, which involve heavy-ion storage rings. Our calculations indicate that the proposed experimental setup, storage ring, have the potential to surmount background noise, particularly Radiative Recombination (RR) and Coulomb Excitation (CE), and offer a high likelihood of discovering the long-awaited NEEC process.
Sex-specific associations of muscular fitness with overall academic performance and specific school subjects in adolescents: the EHDLA study
Authors: Manzano-Sánchez David , Gutiérrez-Espinoza Héctor , López-Gil José Francisco 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionOveralll, muscular fitness and academic performance are two variables widely studied in the literature. However, evidence on the relationship between muscular fitness and specific school subjects (e.g., physical education), as well as their differences by sex, is scarce.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the associations between muscular fitness and overall academic performance and between muscular fitness and specific subjects (i.e., language, math, foreign language, and physical education) in a sample of secondary Spanish school students.MethodsFor the present study, a sample of 766 students (45% boys, aged 12-17 years). From the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) study was used. The Assessing the Levels of Physical Activity and Fitness (ALPHA-FIT) battery was used to determine handgrip strength and lower body muscular strength. The performance of the different school subjects was provided by the school centers.ResultsOverall, for both boys and girls, higher muscular fitness was associated with greater academic results, with the greatest differences in physical education. However, only significant differences were identified for girls.Discussion and conclusionGlobal muscular fitness is important for contributing to cognitive development, both in physical education and in the rest of the subjects of the educational curriculum for adolescents. At the same time, although the association appears to follow the same trend for both sexes, the results seem more evident for girls.
Indicators of verbal creative thinking: results of a Delphi panel
Authors: López Martínez Olivia , Lorca Garrido Antonio José , de Vicente-Yagüe Jara María Isabel 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionCreativity is a fundamental competence that manifests itself in various domains of knowledge, including verbal creativity. The main aim of this study was to identify indicators of verbal creativity for the assessment of three writing tasks.MethodsSixteen multidisciplinary and international creativity experts participated in a two-stage Delphi panel. The administered questionnaire asked about the measurement or non-measurement of eight indicators of verbal creative thinking in three tasks: problem posing, creative idea generation, and idea improvement. Originality is the most important indicator of creativity. The indicators identified in the first task were fluency, flexibility, originality, elaboration, and sensitivity to problems. The second task measures flexibility, originality, elaboration, opacity, and dynamic integration. In the third task, fluency, flexibility, originality, elaboration, dynamic integration, and refinement of ideas are considered.ResultsThe results of this study are key to progress in the field of measuring verbal creative thinking.DiscussionThe identification of indicators of the construct called verbal creativity allows the determination of its components in order to be able to estimate the creative potential in this specific domain.
Clinical and treatment profiles of arterial hypertension in Mexico during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey endorsed by the “Collaborative Group on Arterial Hypertension”
Authors: Palomo-Piñón Silvia , Antonio-Villa Neftali Eduardo , Rangel-Zertuche Ricardo Alfonso , Berumen-Lechuga María Guadalupe , Medina-Serrano Julio Manuel , García-Cortés Luis Rey , Mejia-Rodríguez Oliva , León-Vázquez María de la Luz , González-Dzib Roxana del Socorro , González-Coronado Vidal José , Álvarez-Aguilar Cleto , Paniagua-Sierra José Ramón , Alcocer Luis ,   the Collaborative Group on Arterial Hypertension from the Mexican Institute of Social Security
Published: July 2024

BackgroundArterial hypertension is highly prevalent in Mexico; nevertheless, there are limited insights regarding its management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we estimate the prevalence of clinical and treatment profiles of arterial hypertension and explore associated factors for undiagnosed and uncontrolled hypertension using a cross-sectional survey endorsed by the Collaborative Group on Arterial Hypertension from the Mexican Institute of Social Security.MethodsOur survey was conducted from May to November 2021 using the May-Measurement Month 2021 protocols of the International Society of Hypertension. Arterial hypertension (defined as: blood pressure [BP] ≥140/90 mmHg, previous diagnosis, or taking antihypertensives) and its clinical and treatment profiles were classified according to the World Hypertension League Expert Committee. Mixed-effects logistic regression models were used to explore associated factors for undiagnosed and uncontrolled hypertension.ResultsAmong 77,145 screened participants (women: 62.4%; median age: 46 [IQR: 32–59] years), the prevalence of arterial hypertension was 35.7% (95% CI: 35.3–36.0, n = 27,540). Among participants with arterial hypertension, 30.9% (95% CI: 30.4–31.5, n = 8,533) were undiagnosed, 6.6% (95% CI: 6.3%−6.9%, n = 1,806) were diagnosed but untreated, 43.4% (95% CI: 42.9–44.0, n = 11,965) had uncontrolled hypertension, and only 19% (95% CI: 18.6%−19.5%, n = 5,236) achieved hypertension control (BP &lt; 130/80 mmHg). Explored associated factors for undiagnosed and uncontrolled hypertension include being men, living in the central and southern regions, lower educational attainments, higher use of pharmacological agents, and previous COVID-19 infection.ConclusionOur findings suggest that adverse arterial hypertension profiles, mainly undiagnosed and uncontrolled hypertension, were highly prevalent during the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico.
Equity analysis of older adult resource allocation in China
Authors: Yu Qianqian , Zhang Tiantian , Jiang Luyi , Jia Yun , Dong Yuxing , Luo Li 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate the current status and equity of older adult resource allocation in the 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) of mainland China, and to offer recommendations for the optimization of these allocations.MethodsFour key indicators, namely, the number of older adult institutions, employees, professionals, and beds in mainland China in the year 2020, were used and analyzed using various methods and tools, including agglomeration analysis, the Gini coefficient, and the Lorenz Curve. These methods were applied to evaluate the equity of older adult resource allocation across the different provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and regions of China, using two dimensions, namely, the geographical area and the older adult population.ResultsOverall, the number of older adult resource allocations was found to be increasing in China, while the number of employees with educational levels of junior college or above was relatively low and the population structure was aging. In terms of the equity of older adult resource allocation, the results showed that this was good according to the dimensions of the older adult population but was on the low side based on the dimension of geographical area, and the Gini coefficient of the western region, in particular, was in an alarming state. Different provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) were found to have an uneven allocation of resources for older adults, with large differences, with some areas having a serious under-allocation of resources, while others showed resource over-allocation.ConclusionWhile China’s allocation of older adult resources is relatively equitable, there is nevertheless a need to take into account recent changes in the older adult population and strengthen the construction of a reasonably structured, high-quality team of professionals and technicians, as well as consider factors such as geographical area and the older adult population, and rationally allocate older adult resources in the eastern, middle, and western regions, to achieve a balanced allocation in terms of equity and efficiency and enhance social capital, to better satisfy the demands for older adult services in older adults at multiple levels.
Biological properties of a novel solution based on silver nanoclusters for arresting dentin caries
Authors: Molina Gustavo Fabián , Cabalén María Belén , Aranguren Juan Pablo , Pino Gustavo Ariel , Burrow Michael Francis 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesTo test the biological properties of a novel non-restorative treatment method for arresting dentin caries based on silver nanoclusters (AgNCls) synthesized in polymethacrylic acid (PMAA).MethodsSynthesis of AgNCls was performed by photoreduction of AgNO3 in PMAA with 355 nm/wavelength light. AgNCls/PMAA was characterized by absorption/fluorescence spectroscopy and optical and atomic force microscopy. The stability of the clusters in an aerated PMAA solution was evaluated by means of fluorescence spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay and antibacterial effect was determined for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and colony forming (CFU) of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus). 38% Silver Diammine Fluoride (SDF) was used for the control groups.ResultsChemical and structural identity of the clusters did not change within 9 months; Cell viability of 92%–89% was found after 24–48 h respectively. MIC and MBC were determined from 1:16 and 1:8 dilutions, respectively. Log CFU counts of S. mutans, and L. acidophilus treated with AgNCls/PMAA (3.4 ppm of silver) were significantly lower than in the control groups and even lower than when the same bacterial strains were treated with SDF (15,525 ppm of silver).ConclusionsAgNCls/PMAA presented chemical stability, acceptable cytotoxicity, and a potential antibacterial effect for strains associated with caries lesions at very low concentrations of silver.
Differences in left and right lower limb control strategies in coping with visual tracking tasks during bipedal standing
Authors: Minamisawa Tadayoshi , Chiba Noboru , Suzuki Eizaburo 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionDifferences in motor control between the lower limbs may influence the risk of sports injury and recovery from rehabilitation. In this study, differences in the visual feedback ability of the left and right lower limbs were assessed using visual target tracking tasks.MethodsThirty-four healthy young subjects (aged 20.4 ± 1.2 years) were asked to move their bodies back and forth while tracking a visual target displayed on a monitor in front of them for 30 s. The two target motions were sinusoidal (i.e., predictable patterns) and more complex (random) patterns. To assess the ability of the lower limbs to follow visual target tracking, antero-posterior CoP (right limb, CoPap–r; left limb, CoPap–l) and medio-lateral CoP (right limb, CoPml–r; left limb, CoPml–l) data were measured using a stabilometer. Tracking ability by visual feedback ability was calculated as the difference in displacement between the target signal and the trajectories of the right and left pressure centers as trapezoidal areas, and a smaller sum of area (SoA) over the entire measurement time was defined as a greater tracking ability.ResultsRegarding the SoA in the anterior-posterior CoP, the mean SoA in the sinusoidal and random tasks was significantly lower in the CoP-r data than in the CoP-l data, indicating that the right lower limb had a more remarkable ability to follow visual target tracking. Regarding the SoA in the medial-lateral direction (CoP), the mean SoA in the sinusoidal and random tasks did not significantly differ between the two legs.DiscussionThe right lower limb may have a tracking function activated by the target signal when responding to visual stimuli. Identifying the motor strategies of each lower limb in response to visual stimuli will not only help identify potential differences between each lower limb but also suggest the possibility of enhancing the role of each lower limb in balance control.
The efficacy outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with PD axis inhibitor agents - a population-based study of the Vojvodina region
Authors: Lalić Nensi , Bojović Marko , Bursać Daliborka , Bokan Darijo , Čeriman Krstić Vesna , Kuhajda Ivan , Parapid Biljana , Tomić Sanja , Šipka Aleksandar 
Published: July 2024

Background: By 2021, the FDA approved the use of the drugs pembrolizumab and atezolizumab in the first-line treatment of patients with high positivity of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in locally advanced and metastatic non-small-cell-lung cancer (NSCLC). This approval was the result of statistically significant evidence from international, multicentric clinical studies that all reported increasing progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in these patients.Methods: In our study, we reported the demographic and clinical characteristics of 79 patients diagnosed with NSCLC with expression of PD-L1 ≥50% from January 2019 to December 2022 at the Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, who received pembrolizumab therapy as the first-line treatment. Patients were divided according to the histological type of lung cancer as adenocarcinoma (ADC) or squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung. In 52 of the 79 patients, PFS and in 32 of them overall survival (censored OS) was shown according to the histological type of tumor, the tumor proportion score (TPS) of PDL-1 expression, and the metastatic status within the Tumor Nodes Metastasis (TNM) disease classification. Independent factors of death outcome were shown by multivariable proportional hazard regression analysis.Results: The study included 79 patients diagnosed with NSCLC with an expression of PD-L1 ≥50%, 50 (63.3%) patients with ADC, and 29 (36.7%) patients with SCC, whose 55 (69.6%) PDL-1 expression was obtained from broncho biopsy (BB). The majority of patients, 49 (62%), had a TPS PD-L1 score of 51%–79%. Median, PFS for adenocarcinoma was 22 months and censored OS was 27 months, while for squamous cell carcinoma, median PFS was 12 months, and censored OS was 21 months. M1b disease stage, which was the most common in patients, had a PFS of 16 months and a censored OS of 18 months.Conclusion: Pembrolizumab monotherapy in patients with NSCLC in the fourth stage of the disease and with the positivity of the immune checkpoint protein TPS PD-L1 above 50% represents a safe therapy that allows a satisfactory period without disease progression and overall survival with acceptable treatment complications.
Evaluación de la escala alfabetización financiera sobre decisiones financieras clave para América Latina
Authors: Décaro Santiago Laura Angélica , Soriano Hernández María Guadalupe , Castiblanco Fabián , Messina Scolaro María del Carmena , Benítez Guadarrama Juan Pedro 
Published: July 2024

La medición del constructo de la alfabetización financiera es un tema de gran interés tanto para académicos como para diseñadores de políticas públicas. A pesar de ello, pocos investigadores latinoamericanos han emprendido trabajos que propongan escalas con las cualidades metodológicas necesarias. En este contexto, este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la escala de Alfabetización Financiera sobre Decisiones Financieras Clave (FLKD, por sus siglas en inglés) en tres muestras de tres países latinoamericanos, con la finalidad de identificar si el instrumento es apto para ser utilizado como herramienta que calibra de manera válida y confiable entre jóvenes adultos.
Para esto se lleva a cabo el análisis de confiabilidad, de correlaciones y factorial confirmatorio, utilizando además el Modelado de Sistema de Ecuaciones Estructurales (SEM). Se destaca que este proceso es confirmatorio, es decir, no semi confirmatorio.
Los resultados indican que el ajuste del modelo en cada muestra se aproxima a lo esperado, obteniendo mejores resultados en la muestra global, aunque por debajo de los parámetros de corte más estrictos. A pesar de este hecho, los resultados respaldan la afirmación de que la escala FLKD constituye un adecuado punto de partida para ser afinado y aplicado en jóvenes universitarios de países latinoamericanos.
Además, los hallazgos sugieren que existe la posibilidad de explorar nuevas relaciones y análisis que amplíen la comprensión de cómo la variable de comportamiento financiero se relaciona. Este enfoque holístico puede enriquecer la comprensión de la alfabetización financiera y su impacto en el bienestar financiero de los individuos en la región.