bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PEDAGOGICAL MONITORING SYSTEM TO ASSESS HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS STUDENTS� READINESS TO CONTINUOUS PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
Authors: �������  , Lezhneva Nina 
Published: November 2013

The author shares her own practical ideas of how to set up monitoring
system to assess and correct the students� readiness for continuous professional
education. Theoretical basics of such monitoring system and details of its establishment
in higher educational institutions are defined. Among the main features
of monitoring system are highlighted: the object, the subject, goals, main requirements and informational framework. Conceptually monitoring is based on
the model of higher educational institution graduate, where the graduate continues
his professional education. It is accepted that the model has value-motivational,
cognitive, reflexive and activity components, which serve as initial metrics for the
monitoring system designing. Various functions of monitoring system are revealed,
including constructive and indicative, information and analytical, integration, research
and strategic planning.
In addition to a set of principles, traditional for monitoring systems designing and
implementing, the author provides the rationale for the humanization principle,
which makes it possible to treat monitoring system as a means to support students�
professional and personality self-development, professional self-determination and
self-fulfillment. Peculiarities of monitoring at different stages of students� readiness
to continuous education (adaptive-and diagnostic, prospective-and-developmental,
reflexive-and-regulatory) are described.
Femoral taperosis
Authors: Wassef A. J. , Schmalzried T. P. 
Published: November 2013

A modular femoral head–neck junction has practical advantages in total hip replacement. Taper fretting and corrosion have so far been an infrequent cause of revision. The role of design and manufacturing variables continues to be debated. Over the past decade several changes in technology and clinical practice might result in an increase in clinically significant taper fretting and corrosion. Those factors include an increased usage of large diameter (36 mm) heads, reduced femoral neck and taper dimensions, greater variability in taper assembly with smaller incision surgery, and higher taper stresses due to increased patient weight and/or physical activity. Additional studies are needed to determine the role of taper assembly compared with design, manufacturing and other implant variables.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B, Supple A:3–6.
Dislocation following total hip replacement
Authors: Brooks P. J. 
Published: November 2013

Dislocation is one of the most common causes of patient and surgeon dissatisfaction following hip replacement and to treat it, the causes must first be understood. Patient factors include age greater than 70 years, medical comorbidities, female gender, ligamentous laxity, revision surgery, issues with the abductors, and patient education. Surgeon factors include the annual quantity of procedures and experience, the surgical approach, adequate restoration of femoral offset and leg length, component position, and soft-tissue or bony impingement. Implant factors include the design of the head and neck region, and so-called skirts on longer neck lengths. There should be offset choices available in order to restore soft-tissue tension. Lipped liners aid in gaining stability, yet if improperly placed may result in impingement and dislocation. Late dislocation may result from polyethylene wear, soft-tissue destruction, trochanteric or abductor disruption and weakness, or infection. Understanding the causes of hip dislocation facilitates prevention in a majority of instances. Proper pre-operative planning includes the identification of patients with a high offset in whom inadequate restoration of offset will reduce soft-tissue tension and abductor efficiency. Component position must be accurate to achieve stability without impingement. Finally, patient education cannot be over-emphasised, as most dislocations occur early, and are preventable with proper instructions. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B, Supple A:67–9.
One-stage exchange
Authors: Gehrke T. , Zahar A. , Kendoff D. 
Published: November 2013

Based on the first implementation of mixing antibiotics into bone cement in the 1970s, the Endo-Klinik has used one stage exchange for prosthetic joint infection (PJI) in over 85% of cases. Looking carefully at current literature and guidelines for PJI treatment, there is no clear evidence that a two stage procedure has a higher success rate than a one-stage approach. A cemented one-stage exchange potentially offers certain advantages, mainly based on the need for only one operative procedure, reduced antibiotics and hospitalisation time. In order to fulfill a one-stage approach, there are obligatory pre-, peri- and post-operative details that need to be meticulously respected, and are described in detail. Essential pre-operative diagnostic testing is based on the joint aspiration with an exact identification of any bacteria. The presence of a positive bacterial culture and respective antibiogram are essential, to specify the antibiotics to be loaded to the bone cement, which allows a high local antibiotic elution directly at the surgical side. A specific antibiotic treatment plan is generated by a microbiologist. The surgical success relies on the complete removal of all pre-existing hardware, including cement and restrictors and an aggressive and complete debridement of any infected soft tissues and bone material. Post-operative systemic antibiotic administration is usually completed after only ten to 14 days. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B, Supple A:77–83.
Which total knee replacement implant should I pick?
Authors: Berend K. R. , Lombardi Jr A. V. , Adams J. B. 
Published: November 2013

Debate has raged over whether a cruciate retaining (CR) or a posterior stabilised (PS) total knee replacement (TKR) provides a better range of movement (ROM) for patients. Various sub-sets of CR design are frequently lumped together when comparing outcomes. Additionally, multiple factors have been proven to influence the rate of manipulation under anaesthetic (MUA) following TKR. The purpose of this study was to determine whether different CR bearing insert designs provide better ROM or different MUA rates. All primary TKRs performed by two surgeons between March 2006 and March 2009 were reviewed and 2449 CR-TKRs were identified. The same CR femoral component, instrumentation, and tibial base plate were consistently used. In 1334 TKRs a CR tibial insert with 3° posterior slope and no posterior lip was used (CR-S). In 803 there was an insert with no slope and a small posterior lip (CR-L) and in 312 knees the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) was either resected or lax and a deep-dish, anterior stabilised insert was used (CR-AS). More CR-AS inserts were used in patients with less pre-operative ROM and greater pre-operative tibiofemoral deformity and flexion contracture (p < 0.05). The mean improvement in ROM was highest for the CR-AS inserts (5.9° (-40° to 55°) vs CR-S 3.1° (-45° to 70°) vs CR-L 3.0° (-45° to 65°); p = 0.004). There was a significantly higher MUA rate with the CR-S and CR-L inserts than CR-AS (Pearson rank 6.51; p = 0.04). Despite sacrificing or not substituting for the PCL, ROM improvement was highest, and the MUA rate was lowest in TKRs with a deep-dish, anterior-stabilised insert. Substitution for the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) in the form of a PS design may not be necessary even when the PCL is deficient. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B, Supple A:129–32.
Acetabular fractures
Authors: Sierra R. J. , Mabry T. M. , Sems S. A. , Berry D. J. 
Published: November 2013

Total hip replacement (THR) after acetabular fracture presents unique challenges to the orthopaedic surgeon. The majority of patients can be treated with a standard THR, resulting in a very reasonable outcome. Technical challenges however include infection, residual pelvic deformity, acetabular bone loss with ununited fractures, osteonecrosis of bone fragments, retained metalwork, heterotopic ossification, dealing with the sciatic nerve, and the difficulties of obtaining long-term acetabular component fixation. Indications for an acute THR include young patients with both femoral head and acetabular involvement with severe comminution that cannot be reconstructed, and the elderly, with severe bony comminution. The outcomes of THR for established post-traumatic arthritis include excellent pain relief and functional improvements. The use of modern implants and alternative bearing surfaces should improve outcomes further. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B, Supple A:11–16.
Acetabular protrusio
Authors: Mullaji A. B. , Shetty G. M. 
Published: November 2013

There are few reports describing the technique of managing acetabular protrusio in primary total hip replacement. Most are small series with different methods of addressing the challenges of significant medial and proximal migration of the joint centre, deficient medial bone and reduced peripheral bony support to the acetabular component. We describe our technique and the clinical and radiological outcome of using impacted morsellised autograft with a porous-coated cementless cup in 30 primary THRs with mild (n = 8), moderate (n = 10) and severe (n = 12) grades of acetabular protrusio. The mean Harris hip score had improved from 52 pre-operatively to 85 at a mean follow-up of 4.2 years (2 to 10). At final follow-up, 27 hips (90%) had a good or excellent result, two (7%) had a fair result and one (3%) had a poor result. All bone grafts had united by the sixth post-operative month and none of the hips showed any radiological evidence of recurrence of protrusio, osteolysis or loosening. By using impacted morsellised autograft and cementless acetabular components it was possible to achieve restoration of hip mechanics, provide a biological solution to bone deficiency and ensure long-term fixation without recurrence in arthritic hips with protrusio undergoing THR. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B, Supple A:37–40.
Total knee replacement with the use of a tourniquet
Authors: Parvizi J. , Diaz-Ledezma C. 
Published: November 2013

Total knee replacement (TKR) is an operation that can be performed with or without the use of a tourniquet. Meta-analyses of the available Level-1 studies have demonstrated that the use of a tourniquet leads to a significant reduction in blood loss. The opponents for use of a tourniquet cite development of complications such as skin bruising, neurovascular injury, and metabolic disturbance as drawbacks. Although there may certainly be reason for concern in arteriopathic patients, there is little evidence that routine use of a tourniquet during TKR results in any of the above complications. The use of a tourniquet, on the other hand, provides a bloodless field that allows the surgeon to perform the procedure with expediency and optimal visualisation. Blood conservation has gained great importance in recent years due to increased understanding of the problems associated with blood transfusion, such as increased surgical site infection (due to immunomodulation effect), increased length of hospital stay and increased cost. Based on the authors’ understanding of the available evidence, the routine use of a tourniquet during TKR is justified as good surgical practice. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B, Supple A:133–4.
Cementless femoral fixation
Authors: Su E. P. , Barrack R. L. 
Published: November 2013

Cementless femoral stems are currently preferred for total hip replacement (THR) in the United States. Improvements in stem design, instrumentation and surgical technique have made this technology highly successful, reproducible, and applicable to the vast majority of patients requiring a THR. However, there are ongoing developments in some aspects of stem design that influence clinical results, the incidence of complications and their inherent adaptability in accommodating the needs of individual patients. Here we examine some of these design features.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B, Supple A:53–6.
Conversion of hip fusion to total hip replacement
Authors: Whitehouse M. R. , Duncan C. P. 
Published: November 2013

Hip arthrodesis remains a viable surgical technique in well selected patients, typically the young manual labourer with isolated unilateral hip disease. Despite this, its popularity with patients and surgeons has decreased due to the evolution of hip replacement, and is seldom chosen by young adult patients today. The surgeon is more likely to encounter a patient who requests conversion to total hip replacement (THR). The most common indications are a painful pseudarthrosis, back pain, ipsilateral knee pain or contralateral hip pain. Occasionally the patient will request conversion because of difficulty with activities of daily living, body image and perceived cosmesis. The technique of conversion and a discussion of the results are presented.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B, Supple A:114–19.
The short stem
Authors: Stulberg S. D. , Patel R. M. 
Published: November 2013

Conventional uncemented femoral implants provide dependable long-term fixation in patients with a wide range of functional requirements. Yet challenges associated with proximal–distal femoral dimensional mismatch, preservation of bone stock, and minimally invasive approaches have led to exploration into alternative implant designs. Short stem designs focusing on a stable metaphyseal fit have emerged to address these issues in total hip replacement (THR). Uncemented metaphyseal-engaging short stem implants are stable and are associated with proximal bone remodeling closer to the metaphysis when compared with conventional stems and they also have comparable clinical performances. Short stem metaphyseal-engaging implants can meet the goals of a successful THR, including tolerating a high level of patient function, as well as durable fixation.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B, Supple A:57–62.
Large ceramic femoral heads
Authors: Rodriguez J. A. , Cooper H. J. 
Published: November 2013

Large ceramic femoral heads offer several advantages that are potentially advantageous to patients undergoing both primary and revision total hip replacement. Many high-quality studies have demonstrated the benefit of large femoral heads in reducing post-operative instability. Ceramic femoral heads may also offer an advantage in reducing polyethylene wear that has been reported in vitro and is starting to become clinically apparent in mid-term clinical outcome studies. Additionally, the risk of taper corrosion at a ceramic femoral head–neck junction is clearly lower than when using a metal femoral head. With improvements in the material properties of both modern ceramic femoral heads and polyethylene acetabular liners that have reduced the risk of mechanical complications, large ceramic heads have gained popularity in recent years.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B, Supple A:63–6.
Teaching journalistic research skills in the digital age: Between traditional routines and advanced tools
Authors: Diekerhof Els 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The content of most journalism courses at journalism schools has been affected by the fast digital and interactive developments in the field. The changing digital organization of information and sources necessitates constant changes in news-gathering and research techniques and affects education in research skills. How can educators cope with the new demands concerning information gathering and selecting? Journalism students need to know how to use the newest research tools, how to find quick and reliable information and data on the Internet and how to best utilize social media for their journalistic research. Which research skills need to be taught to journalism students in this digital age? This article attempts to map the salient issues concerning changes in the syllabi of research skills courses by analysing scholarly literature, blogs and books by professional journalists and experiences at the – author’s – School of Journalism in Utrecht (the Netherlands) with the implementation of newly designed research courses. It is argued that digital developments have caused a shift from the information-gathering stage to the selecting stage of the research process in journalism. This implies more emphasis on evaluating and selecting skills in journalism education. New digital tools also require different research skills such as more language skills for more efficient search strategies. New digital sources, such as open data and the public on social media, call for more analytical skills and specific social skills to be added to the customary research skills.
Perceiving professional threats: Journalism’s discursive reaction to the rise of new media entities
Authors: Eldridge II Scott 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Researching what Silvio Waisbord (2013) calls the ambiguities of the profession of journalism requires confronting changes and challenges to journalism, addressing the self-proclaimed assertions of those who see themselves as journalists, and doing so with an eye to changing landscapes. To understand journalism’s professional identity in a digital era requires an equally agile approach, one that assesses professional adherence and identifies ways these aspects of identity translate and transpire in traditional understandings and forms, and how they relate to digitally native forms of mediated communication. Steeped in reflexive approaches born out of critical enquiry, this article advocates textual analysis and a discourse analysis methodology for analysing this identity, and posits that evaluating discourses of professional identity in texts serves as a gauge of journalism’s ‘threat perception’ towards new entities in the digital era. Pairing this approach with an engaged discussion of concepts of journalism allows for a broader understanding of how journalism’s professional identity is performed. First, this method better utilizes the way identity serves as a point around which tenets of ‘being’ journalism can be explored and, second, it engenders a more nuanced understanding of perceived threats to journalism’s primacy in the digital era. For educators, exploring how ‘different answers to journalistic problems are emerging in the online environment’ (Singer 2005: 180), reflexive analysis assuages disputes over journalism’s ambiguous professionalism, and moves towards a view of digital possibilities that discounts threats, and advances understandings towards a more reflexive space that better addresses the nexus between traditional concepts of journalism and new media opportunities.
Educating Max Headrooms: The Emergence of the Multimedia Journalist as the Future Journalist
Authors: Cummings Dean 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
It was once thought a multimedia journalist or MMJ was fantasy, as seen in the television series Max Headroom. The hero of the show was a journalist who videotaped his own stories, reported live from anywhere but was also seen as a stalwart of the fourth estate, a ‘hero’ of society. Today, it is possible for a journalist to technologically assert themselves as a Max Headroom reporter, yet what are missing from the fictional television series are the economical and social considerations put in place to make such a character viable. This article critically reviews the significance of the MMJ.
Schools of journalism facing participative Web 2.0
Authors: Amey Patrick , Lazar Mirela , Pélissier Nicolas , Pignard-Cheynel Nathalie 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
This article looks at how students and teachers at four schools of journalism from Grenoble and Marseille (France), Bucharest (Romania) and Geneva (Switzerland), represent and make use of amateur online publishing practices. It analyses the current conflict between the values associated with Web 2.0 and the normative model underpinning journalism, which is historically rooted in opposing the figure of the amateur. Combined research methods were used in the study, such as a questionnaire carried out on a group of 85 first-year master’s students in journalism, semi-structured interviews with second-year students and teachers, and focus groups conducted among volunteer students. The survey’s results highlight the role played by training establishments in legitimizing and internalizing the standards of journalistic professionalism.
The digital publishing communications circuit
Authors: Murray Padmini Ray , Squires Claire 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The publishing value chain has remained relatively consistent since the invention of the printing press. Robert Darnton’s influential model of the communications circuit of the book, which tracks how intellectual property circulated in eighteenth-century France, has been a largely accurate representation of the publishing industry until the late twentieth century. This article examines changes to the publishing industry, particularly as a result of the disruptions and disintermediations of the digital age, and proposes a re-drawing of the communications circuit for the twenty-first century. The research in this article was supported by the Arts and Humanities Research Council grant number AH/J01317X/1The Book Unbound: Disruption and Disintermediation in the Digital Age.
División dialectal de Costa Rica según sus hablantes
Authors: Quesada Pacheco Miguel Ángel 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The present article deals with the results of a field work within perceptual Dialectology in Costa Rica, with the aim of finding out to which extent the informants conceive the dialectological constellation of their country, and which dialectological, sociolinguistic or stylistic factors are responsible for this constellation. Furthermore, it will be analysed what concept of dialect as a part of a language (in this case, Spanish) the informants have; what kind of role the capital San José has had in the identification of the regional speech forms and what kind of influence this city has had in the constitution of an idea of normed Spanish
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells and autoimmune inflammation
Authors: Galicia Georgina , Gommerman Jennifer L. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are a sub-population of dendritic cells (DC) that produce large amounts of type I interferon (IFN) in response to nucleic acids that bind and activate toll-like-receptor (TLR)9 and TLR7. Type I IFN can regulate the function of B, T, DC, and natural killer (NK) cells and can also alter the residence time of leukocytes within lymph nodes. Activated pDC can also function as antigen presenting cells (APC) and have the potential to prime and differentiate T cells into regulatory or inflammatory effector cells, depending on the context. In this review we discuss pDC ontogeny, function, trafficking, and activation. We will also examine how pDC can potentially be involved in regulating immune responses in the periphery as well as within the central nervous system (CNS) during multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).