bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Love Thy Neighbor? Relationships between Religion and Racial Intolerance in Europe
Authors: Doebler Stefanie 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis article examines relationships between religion and racial intolerance across 47 countries by applying multilevel modeling to European survey data and is the first in-depth analysis of moderation of these relationships by European national contexts. The analysis distinguishes a believing, belonging, and practice dimension of religiosity. The results yield little evidence of a link between denominational belonging, religious practice, and racial intolerance. The religiosity dimension that matters most for racial intolerance in Europe is believing: believers in a traditional God and believers in a Spirit/Life Force are decidedly less likely, and fundamentalists are more likely than non-believers to be racially intolerant. National contexts also matter greatly: individuals living in Europe's most religious countries, countries with legacies of ethnic-religious conflict and countries with low GDP are significantly more likely to be racially intolerant than those living in wealthier, secular and politically stable countries. This is especially the case for the religiously devout.
Sustainable Development and Its Discontents
Authors: Dernbach John C. , Cheever Federico 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSustainable development (or sustainability) is a decision-making framework for maintaining and achieving human well-being, both in the present and into the future. The framework requires both consideration and the achievement of environmental protection, social justice and economic development. In that framework, environmental protection must be integrated into decisions about social and economic development, and social justice and economic viability must be integrated into decisions about environmental quality.As sustainable development has grown in prominence, its critics have become more numerous and more vocal. Three major lines of criticism are that the term is ‘too boring’ to command public attention, ‘too vague’ to provide guidance, and ‘too late’ to address the world’s problems. Critics suggest goals such as abundance, environmental integrity, and resilience. Beginning with the international agreements that have shaped the concept of sustainable development, this article provides a functional and historical analysis of the meaning of sustainable development. It then analyzes and responds to each of the above criticisms. It argues that the critics, understood constructively, suggest ways of strengthening this framework, but do not provide a compelling alternative. The challenge for lawyers, lawmakers, and others is to use and improve the sustainability framework to make better decisions.
Gene expression of INPP5F as an independent prognostic marker in fludarabine-based therapy of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Palermo G , Maisel D , Barrett M , Smith H , Duchateau-Nguyen G , Nguyen T , Yeh R-F , Dufour A , Robak T , Dornan D , Weisser M ,   on behalf of the REACH investigators
Published: October 2015

AbstractChronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a heterogeneous disease. Various disease-related and patient-related factors have been shown to influence the course of the disease. The aim of this study was to identify novel biomarkers of significant clinical relevance. Pretreatment CD19-separated lymphocytes (n=237; discovery set) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (n=92; validation set) from the REACH trial, a randomized phase III trial in relapsed CLL comparing rituximab plus fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide with fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide alone, underwent gene expression profiling. By using Cox regression survival analysis on the discovery set, we identified inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase F (INPP5F) as a prognostic factor for progression-free survival (P<0.001; hazard ratio (HR), 1.63; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.35–1.98) and overall survival (P<0.001; HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.18–1.84), regardless of adjusting for known prognostic factors. These findings were confirmed on the validation set, suggesting that INPP5F may serve as a novel, easy-to-assess future prognostic biomarker for fludarabine-based therapy in CLL.
Using Virtual Technology to Promote Functional Communication in Aphasia: Preliminary Evidence From Interactive Dialogues With Human and Virtual Clinicians
Authors: Kalinyak-Fliszar Michelene , Martin Nadine , Keshner Emily , Rudnicky Alex , Shi Justin , Teodoro Gregory 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
We investigated the feasibility of using a virtual clinician (VC) to promote functional communication abilities of persons with aphasia (PWAs). We aimed to determine whether the quantity and quality of verbal output in dialogues with a VC would be the same or greater than those with a human clinician (HC).

Method
Four PWAs practiced dialogues for 2 sessions each with a HC and VC. Dialogues from before and after practice were transcribed and analyzed for content. We compared measures taken before and after practice in the VC and HC conditions.

Results
Results were mixed. Participants either produced more verbal output with the VC or showed no difference on this measure between the VC and HC conditions. Participants also showed some improvement in postpractice narratives.

Conclusion
Results provide support for the feasibility and applicability of virtual technology to real-life communication contexts to improve functional communication in PWAs.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6170252
Responses to Intensity-Shifted Auditory Feedback During Running Speech
Authors: Patel Rupal , Reilly Kevin J. , Archibald Erin , Cai Shanqing , Guenther Frank H. 
Published: October 2015

PurposeResponses to intensity perturbation during running speech were measured to understand whether prosodic features are controlled in an independent or integrated manner.MethodNineteen English-speaking healthy adults (age range = 21–41 years) produced 480 sentences in which emphatic stress was placed on either the 1st or 2nd word. One participant group received an upward intensity perturbation during stressed word production, and the other group received a downward intensity perturbation. Compensations for perturbation were evaluated by comparing differences in participants' stressed and unstressed peak fundamental frequency (F0), peak intensity, and word duration during perturbed versus baseline trials.ResultsSignificant increases in stressed–unstressed peak intensities were observed during the ramp and perturbation phases of the experiment in the downward group only. Compensations for F0 and duration did not reach significance for either group.ConclusionsConsistent with previous work, speakers appear sensitive to auditory perturbations that affect a desired linguistic goal. In contrast to previous work on F0 perturbation that supported an integrated-channel model of prosodic control, the current work only found evidence for intensity-specific compensation. This discrepancy may suggest different F0 and intensity control mechanisms, threshold-dependent prosodic modulation, or a combined control scheme.
Commercial vehicle classification from spectrum parted linked image test‐attributed synthetic aperture radar imagery
Authors: Saville Michael A. , Saini Dalvir K. , Smith Jared 
Published: October 2015

The primitive type attribute as recently reported in the spectrum parted linked image test algorithm is used for the first time in a 10‐vehicle classification experiment. Attributed scattering centres (ASCs) from wideband polarimetric synthetic aperture radar imagery are surveyed and two highly complementary sets of attributes are compared in a nearest neighbour classifier. The classifier performance for each set of attributes is shown to be over 90% with 10° sub‐apertures and 10 dB additive white Gaussian noise which had not been considered in earlier works. Using a common image formation and ASC extraction method to ensure that only the pixel attributes differed, two different sets of complementary attributes are compared under precisely the same conditions. In addition, the query sets of attributed images are formed from azimuth and elevation angles that are not in the set of training angles. The results show that the classifier performance degrades gracefully as the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) decreases below 10 dB and that the sensitivity to aspect angle is nearly the same for all vehicle classes as the SNR approaches 10 dB and above. The primary limitation of the approach is the use of wide‐band, wide‐aperture, and polarimetric radar data.
Control of cerebellar granule cell output by sensory-evoked Golgi cell inhibition
Authors: Duguid Ian , Branco Tiago , Chadderton Paul , Arlt Charlotte , Powell Kate , Häusser Michael 
Published: October 2015

Significance
Understanding how synaptic inhibition regulates sensory responses is a fundamental question in neuroscience. In cerebellar granule cells, sensory stimulation is thought to evoke an excitation–inhibition sequence driven by direct input from mossy fibers and followed by classical disynaptic feed-forward inhibition from nearby Golgi cells. We made, to our knowledge, the first voltage-clamp recordings of sensory-evoked inhibition in granule cells in vivo and show that, surprisingly, sensory-evoked inhibition often precedes mossy fiber excitation activated by the same stimulus. We demonstrate how such “preceding” inhibition can shape granule cell responses to sensory stimulation. Our findings challenge the existing view that classical feed-forward inhibition is the dominant mode of inhibition, suggesting that parallel inhibitory networks regulate sensory information transmission through the granular layer.
Endothelial Bmx tyrosine kinase activity is essential for myocardial hypertrophy and remodeling
Authors: Holopainen Tanja , Räsänen Markus , Anisimov Andrey , Tuomainen Tomi , Zheng Wei , Tvorogov Denis , Hulmi Juha J. , Andersson Leif C. , Cenni Bruno , Tavi Pasi , Mervaala Eero , Kivelä Riikka , Alitalo Kari 
Published: October 2015

Significance
During the last decades, heart failure has developed into a major burden in the western world, increasingly affecting millions. Cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive response to myocardial infarction or increased blood pressure, and it often leads to heart failure. Understanding the underlying regulatory processes in the development of pathological hypertrophy is needed for the development of effective therapies. Our results show that the kinase activity of the endothelial bone marrow kinase in chromosome X (Bmx) protein is necessary for the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. This finding could provide significant therapeutic applications when specific Bmx kinase inhibitors become available in the clinics.
A goose-type lysozyme from ostrich (Struthio camelus) egg white: multiple roles of His101 in its enzymatic reaction
Authors: Somboonpatarakun Chalermchai , Shinya Shoko , Kawaguchi Yuya , Araki Tomohiro , Fukamizo Tamo , Klaynongsruang Sompong 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
A goose-type lysozyme from ostrich egg white (OEL) was produced by Escherichia coli expression system, and the role of His101 of OEL in the enzymatic reaction was investigated by NMR spectroscopy, thermal unfolding, and theoretical modeling of the enzymatic hydrolysis of hexa-N-acetylchitohexaose, (GlcNAc)6. Although the binding of tri-N-acetylchitotriose, (GlcNAc)3, to OEL perturbed several backbone resonances in the 1H–15N HSQC spectrum, the chemical shift of the backbone resonance of His101 was not significantly affected. However, apparent pKa values of His101 and Lys102 determined from the pH titration curves of the backbone chemical shifts were markedly shifted by (GlcNAc)3 binding. Thermal unfolding experiments and modeling study of (GlcNAc)6 hydrolysis using a His101-mutated OEL (H101A-OEL) revealed that the His101 mutation affected not only sugar residue affinities at subsites −3 and −2 but also the rate constant for bond cleavage. His101 appears to play multiple roles in the substrate binding and the catalytic reaction.
cl-dash: rapid configuration and deployment of Hadoop clusters for bioinformatics research in the cloud
Authors: Hodor Paul , Chawla Amandeep , Clark Andrew , Neal Lauren 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Summary: One of the solutions proposed for addressing the challenge of the overwhelming abundance of genomic sequence and other biological data is the use of the Hadoop computing framework. Appropriate tools are needed to set up computational environments that facilitate research of novel bioinformatics methodology using Hadoop. Here, we present cl-dash, a complete starter kit for setting up such an environment. Configuring and deploying new Hadoop clusters can be done in minutes. Use of Amazon Web Services ensures no initial investment and minimal operation costs. Two sample bioinformatics applications help the researcher understand and learn the principles of implementing an algorithm using the MapReduce programming pattern.
Availability and implementation: Source code is available at https://bitbucket.org/booz-allen-sci-comp-team/cl-dash.git.
Contact: hodor_paul@bah.com
The reactivation of main-belt Comet 324P/La Sagra (P/2010 R2)
Authors: Hsieh H. H. , Sheppard S. S. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
We present observations using the Baade Magellan and Canada–France–Hawaii telescopes showing that main-belt comet 324P/La Sagra, formerly known as P/2010 R2, has become active again for the first time since originally observed to be active in 2010–2011. The object appears point-source-like in 2015 March and April as it approached perihelion (true anomaly of ν ∼ 300°), but was ∼1 mag brighter than expected if inactive, suggesting the presence of unresolved dust emission. Activity was confirmed by observations of a cometary dust tail in 2015 May and June. We find an apparent net dust production rate of ${\dot{M}_{\rm d}}\lesssim 0.1$ kg s−1 during these observations. 324P is now the fourth main-belt comet confirmed to be recurrently active, a strong indication that its activity is driven by sublimation. It now has the largest confirmed active range of all likely main-belt comets, and also the most distant confirmed inbound activation point at R  ∼  2.8 au. Further observations during the current active period will allow direct comparisons of activity strength with 324P's 2010 activity.
Exploring prehospital C2-work during a mass gathering event
Authors: Prytz Erik G. , Rybing Jonas , Carlström Eric , Khorram-Manesh Amir , Jonson Carl-Oscar 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the workload and shared workload awareness in a staff performing command and control (C2) work during a planned major incident (MI) empirical case in Sweden.Design/methodology/approach– Data on workload and shared awareness were collected during live C2-work using qualitative observations and in-situ interviews mixed with quantitative questionnaires.Findings– A content analysis of the qualitative data revealed categories of workload sources. Quantified workload estimates showed changes in workload levels over time and staff roles, which were also contextualized using the results of the qualitative data. Data on shared awareness indicated that team workload awareness shifted over time according to common patterns. This study demonstrates a promising methodology to study C2-related factors during live EMS work.Research limitations/implications– The observed variations in workload imply that research that relies only on post-task measurements of workload may be inaccurate. Future research could use this method to investigate the connection between workload and performance during different types of MIs.Originality/value– The results can be used to inform future Göteborgsvarvet C2-teams in terms of when, why, and for whom task load changes, which would support predictive allocation of resources.
Motivation, sensation seeking, and the recruitment of volunteer firefighters
Authors: Perrott Stephen B. , Blenkarn Brandon D. 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine similarities and differences in motivational-type and sensation seeking tendencies in male and female firefighters and to determine how a growing focus on extrinsically focused reasons to volunteer relates to traditional, intrinsically focused rationales.Design/methodology/approach– In total, 160 volunteer firefighters (29 women, 131 men) were compared to 210 undergraduate controls (171 women, 39 men) across a spectrum of motivation and sensation seeking types in a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based, approach.Findings– Female volunteers showed a distinct pattern of motivations for volunteering and though similar to their male counterparts in Thrill and Adventure Seeking were lower in impulsive sensation seeking. Greater levels of career-focused motivation did not come at the cost of intrinsically focused motivation or to the number of years one projected volunteering.Research limitations/implications– The approach did not provide the means to check if reported intentions translate to behavioural outcomes and the small number of female firefighters sampled compromised power.Practical implications– Findings of how female volunteers differ from male counterparts and university women might be considered when developing recruitment drives and formulating policy to modify what is rewarded in firefighting. Findings further suggest that the potential of gaining paid employment is unlikely to compromise traditional reasons for volunteering.Social implications– Evidence that female volunteers possess a distinct and desirable pattern of motivations and sensation seeking relative to their male counterparts seemingly provides a rationale to target women in recruitment drives that extends beyond bolstering numbers. However, that they were also distinct from university females raises questions about their representativeness and, in turn, about the size of the potential pool from which fire services may draw. Hypothesized concern about the negative impact that volunteering as a means to obtain paid work has on more traditional, intrinsically focused motivations appears to be unfounded.Originality/value– Moves beyond anecdote to provide empirical evidence of the motivations and sensation seeking tendencies of volunteer firefighters, especially women, and contributes to a nascent area of inquiry about how intrinsic and extrinsic motivation can co-exist in this group.
From applicant to designated European Capital of Culture
Authors: Hansen Louise Ejgod , Laursen Markus 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the management challenges related to the transition from the application phase to the delivery phase of the project of being a European Capital of Culture (ECoC).Design/methodology/approach– Case study based on qualitative research interviews with the management team, combined with existing research on ECoC and documents on the Aarhus 2017 project.Findings– The first main finding is that the challenges are caused by the way in which the transition from applicant to designated ECoC includes a change in management, shifting from a project to a programme structure and change in organisation. The second main finding is that stakeholder management in relation to politicians and cultural agents is challenged by a high level of ownership and expectation.Research limitations/implications– The study focuses on just one case and one phase of the project.Practical implications– Consequences for the way ECoC are managed and the programme organised could be drawn from this.Originality/value– The originality of the work is in that it studies this very critical phase in the project’s life-cycle in great detail, and focuses specifically on the management of ECoC.
Journey towards best practices in acting on early warning signs in complex projects within a Russian context
Authors: Sharaborova Gulnara , Walker Derek H.T. , Gilbert Guinevere 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to provide a summary report and reflect on a recently passed PhD thesis (Sharaborova, 2014b) related to project management topics.Design/methodology/approach– This paper focussed on narrative reflection upon the completed doctoral journey.Findings– This paper presents the thesis findings, the research models, the guide in dealing with the early warning signs that developed as a result of this research and the contribution made to theory and practice.Research limitations/implications– Limitations of the research and the perspectives of the further diffusion of the research findings are considered.Originality/value– This TRN is a PhD candidate’s point of view as well as the opinions of the scientific research supervisors about the doctoral study and its outcome. The paper could be useful for novice researchers who wish to conduct their research and did not yet make a decision.
Organizing cultural projects through legitimising as cultural entrepreneurship
Authors: Lindkvist Lars , Hjorth Daniel 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– This paper is a study of creating organization in the case of cultural projects; cultural entrepreneurship. This includes taking advantage of opportunities and using ones social capital through networks. It is a case study of Vandalorum which is an Swedish international art and design centre with a strong regional connection. They want to offer close collaborations between artists, designers and the creative industry. It is located in Värnamo in the south of Sweden and was inaugurated in April 2011 after an establishment process running over 15 years. Renzo Piano has created the architectural concept of Vandalorum, inspired by traditional Swedish materials and building techniques. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Through interviews with significant actors over many years and secondary analysis of data collected by others the authors describe and analyze the establishment process of Vandalorum Art and Design Centre.

Findings
– The case of Vandalorum shows that organizing a cultural project like Vandalorum is characterized by no well-defined starting and stopping point, but – quite typically for entrepreneurship as an organization-creation process – builds momentum and legitimacy narratively.

Originality/value
– The originality lies in answering the question that the authors chose to focus on, which is embedded in the opening story of Vandalorum: how can such a cultural project become legitimized in a place like that, outside and rather far from any large city? In a changed cultural landscape with reduced public contributions, the claim is that it is crucial to legitimize the idea and project in relation to the main/key stakeholders. Such legitimization is a key entrepreneurial achievement.