bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“A fome reinava-lhes em casa, mas a revolução reinava-lhes na cabeça”: ocupações, greves e conflitos laborais de operárias durante o PREC (1974-1975)
Authors: Cabreira Pâmela Peres 
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir e problematizar a história de milhares de mulheres operárias enquanto agentes ativas deste período, que lutaram pelo direito ao trabalho e por melhores condições de vida durante o Processo Revolucionário em Curso (PREC) em Portugal, de abril de 1974 a novembro de 1975. Metodologicamente, para esta apreciação, optamos pelo uso de fontes primárias, nomeadamente jornais, panfletos, comunicados e jornais de fábricas – não se tratando, portanto, de “fontes-oficiais”, mas sim de fontes divergentes.
Healthcare workers' readiness and training needs in server and network management for electronic medical record systems
Authors: Gamage Piyumi 
Published: February 2025

Background: Sri Lanka's health system is undergoing digital transformation, with the advent of electronic medical records (EMR). Effective server and network management is vital for sustaining EMR systems. A workshop on server and network management was tailor made to meet the training needs of participants with varying skills and readiness levels. Objective: This study aimed to assess readiness and attitudes towards handling the IT infrastructure that supports EMR systems Methods: A web-based questionnaire including multiple-choice questions, Likert scales and open-ended responses was used for this operational research activity on server and network management within the capacity building programme of the health information unit in collaboration with ICTA for hospital staff working as focal points for EMR implementation. Data was collected anonymously and analysed using descriptive statistics to identify trends. Results: Thirty-one healthcare workers from seven districts participated, including healthcare assistants (N=31,32.3%), other staff (22.6%), Development Officers (19.4%), and ICT officers (12.9%). While 96.8% had computer access and internet at work, only 48.4% felt comfortable using computers. In terms of EMR usage, 61.3% had prior experience. Key concerns were technical issues (61.3%) and lack of training (64.5%). Knowledge of server and network management was rated as moderate by 48.4% and 45.2%, respectively. Most (74.2%) requested onsite hands-on training, and 54.8% sought online resources. Overall, 61.3% rated the workshop as highly valuable. Conclusions: Participants showed willingness to adopt new systems and identified their training needs in technical support for server and network management, highlighting the importance of targeted training to enhance IT system management and support EMR implementation to sustain digital health initiatives.
Evaluating learning methods to improve pharmacy students’ retention of nonsterile compounding skills
Authors: Cordero Karina Mendez , Chau Cindy Ngoc , Brand Damianne , Ahmed Ayesha Rahman 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Compounding pharmacy is an essential component of pharmaceutical practice. With the implementation of compounding pharmacy, therapeutic needs are being met for prescriptions, including patients allergic to a specific excipient, adjusted weight-based dosing for pediatric patients, and medications for orphan drugs. This study provides students with the tools and knowledge necessary for compounding and to track the retention of compounding skills along with their performance based on their prior pharmacy experience.

Methods:
Continued exposure to compounding skills and strategies was provided as part of a compounding lab curriculum to enhance learners’ retention and compounding accuracy. The compounding lab course provided the understanding required to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills for preparing patient-individualized medications, tracking learners’ performance in assignment retention weekly, and improving the lab course’s preclass, in-class, and logistical aspects.

Results:
Team-based learning during an in-class hands-on experience was used to evaluate the impact and performance of learners in a compounding lab. The learners provided feedback and responded to a self-reflection survey that clarified their perspectives regarding pedagogy change and their confidence in preparing compounding medications and working with the assigned worksheets. Learners’ engagement, performance, and retention were analyzed using assignment competency scores and active participation. They either agreed or strongly agreed that the compounding lab was enjoyable with weekly product practice, and created a conducive learning environment, improved their perceived knowledge, communication skills, and confidence. The average attendance score was 100% in the lab-based setting.

Conclusion:
The findings will help prepare future students for the North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination and real-life applications by providing different scenarios for applying the knowledge acquired each week during the hands-on experience of the compounding lab. Additional studies should be conducted to quantify student engagement and active attendance in similar courses.
In vitro Investigation of Radiotherapy along with Gemcitabine Loaded PEG Gold Nanoparticles Against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Salarvand Ali , Shanei Ahmad , Hejazi Seyed Hossein , Abedi Iraj , Kakhki Neda Attaran 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Breast cancer is one of the major causes of cancer death in women. Usually, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are commonly used in the treatment of breast cancer, but these methods have significant side effects and low survival rates. By developing combination therapies, side effects can be reduced so that therapeutic efficacy is maintained. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy using combined gem and gold nanoparticle for the treatment of breast cancer.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, PEGylated gold nanoparticles (PEG-GNPs) were synthesized and loaded with an anticancer agent, gemcitabine (Gem-PEG-GNPs). Then, GNPs, PEG-GNPs, and Gem-PEG-GNPs were investigated using several techniques, including UV-Vis, FTIR, DLS, and TEM analysis. After that, the efficacy of the synthesized nanoparticles for chemoradiotherapy was evaluated through in vitro experiments.

Results:
The prepared Gem-PEG-GNPs act as radiosensitizers and nanocarrier, which increases the effectiveness of radio chemotherapy and reduces side effects. Combining Gem-PEG-GNPs with X-ray irradiation increased apoptosis and decreased survival rates of MCF-7 cells. When Gem-PEG-GNPs and radiation were combined, a significant synergistic effect was observed compared to the effect of radiation alone.

Conclusion:
Gem-PEG-GNPs can have the potential of an effective and radiosensitizing drug delivery agent against breast cancer therapeutics.
Predictability of Lifetime Nonsuicidal Self-injury by Symptoms of Sleep Disorders Using a Neural Network Model
Authors: Rezaei Shakiba , Chehri Azita , Hosseini Saeede Sadat , Arefi Mokhtar , Amiri Hassan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), which pertains to self-induced actions that cause harm to the body, comprises repetitive, intentional, and direct actions that do not adhere to social norms and expectations. The present study aimed to predict NSSI by sleep disorders (poor sleep quality, insomnia severity, risk of sleep apnea, and circadian rhythms) utilizing a neural network model

Methods:
Using a multi-stage cluster sampling, a group of 400 health-care personnel (70% female, aged 32.5 ± 8.8 years) from the western region of Iran was selected. The subjects completed the Inventory of Statements about Self-Injury, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Berlin Questionnaire, Insomnia Severity Index, and Munich Chronotype Questionnaire. The neural network model and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to examine the association between sleep disorders and NSSI

Results:
The use of a neural network architecture resulted in the discovery of a single hidden layer containing three hidden units. Both training and testing models predicted more than 85% of cases with NSSI correctly. The results of area under the ROC curve were completely acceptable (0.834). The findings suggest that the severity of insomnia (0.418) and poor sleep quality (0.333) serve as potent indicators associated with both subgroups, with normalized importance values ranging from 80% to 100%

Conclusion:
The neural network algorithm can be effectively employed in predicting NSSI by several sleep disorders. Future research can test the complexity of sleep disorders connected to NSSI comorbid with other psychiatric conditions.
Treatment of Vitiligo Associated Eyebrow and Eyelash Leukotrichia - A Systematic Review of Existing Information
Authors: Biswas Kaberi , Kaliyadan Feroze 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Vitiligo in hair bearing areas, especially segmental vitiligo, is frequently associated with leukotrichia. Leukotrichia, in general, is considered a predictor of unsatisfactory response to conventional treatment methods like phototherapy. This review aims to systematically review various available treatment options in patients with eyebrow and eyelash leukotrichia and assess the response to these therapeutic modalities.

Materials and Methods:
Articles were searched using the keywords “eyelid”, “eyelash”, “leukotrichia”, either singly or combined. The databases searched include Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Science Direct. The strategy was to include studies in which any therapeutic modalities were undertaken for treatment of eyelash or eyebrow leukotrichia.

Results:
After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, this review included 15 studies. There was a positive response to the surgical treatment options for eyebrow and eyelash leukotrichia. Topical tofacitinib has emerged as a promising new therapeutic option, but further studies are needed to establish its efficacy.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, there are several treatment options for eyebrow and eyelash leukotrichia. However, further studies are needed to better understand their efficacy and optimal applications.
Targeted Filaggrin Gene (FLG) Sequencing: A Pilot Study among Indian Children with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Somasundaram Arun , Chiramel Minu Jose , Chapla Aaron , Sathishkumar Dharshini , Athiyarath Rekha , Mathew Lydia , Danda Sumita 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Filaggrin deficiency causes early-onset atopic dermatitis (AD), extrinsic AD, persistent and severe disease, palmoplantar hyper linearity, keratosis pilaris, and increased risk of hand eczema. There is a paucity of data on the prevalence and types of variation in the filaggrin gene (FLG) in the Indian population.

Aim and Objectives:
To study the prevalence and characteristics of filaggrin mutations in Indian children affected with AD and to attempt a genotype-phenotype correlation.

Materials and Methods:
A pilot study was done among Indian children with AD aged 4-16 years, attending the Pediatric Dermatology outpatient department between February and September 2022 (7 months). Long-range polymerase chain reaction target enrichment and next-generation sequencing were used to sequence the complete FLG gene from peripheral blood samples. The identified variants were analyzed and categorized.

Results:
Among the 30 recruited children with AD, 28 genetic variants in exon 3 of FLG were found in 19 (63%) patients. These variants were classified as pathogenic (6, 21.4%), likely pathogenic (3, 10.7%), benign (16, 57.1%), and variant of uncertain significance (3, 10.7%). Among the 9 significant variants, 4 (45%) were novel. Although the patients with filaggrin variants had a higher prevalence of positive family history of atopy, other allergic diseases in the child, higher IgE levels, and a higher percentage of severe AD, the difference was not statistically significant.

Limitation:
Small sample size.

Conclusion:
Significant FLG null variants were identified in 23% (among which 45% were novel) of Indian children with AD. The spectrum of identified variants did not reflect the known FLG hotspots from other ethnicities, indicating the need for larger studies to determine the relevant hotspots in the Indian population.
Comparison of Safety and Efficacy of Topical Mometasone 0.1% Ointment, Calcipotriol 0.005% Ointment, and Tacrolimus 0.1% Ointment in Patients with Localized Alopecia Areata: A Triple-Arm Randomized Clinical Study
Authors: Begum Farheen , Mishra Sasmita , Jena Ajaya K. , Panda Maitreyee 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune, T-cell-mediated disorder manifesting as non-scarring alopecia. Treatment consists of corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, prostaglandin analogs, minoxidil, anthralin, vitamin D analogs, and JAK STAT inhibitors. Despite several treatment options, personal opinions regarding the safety and efficacy of a particular treatment are highly variable. This has led the management of AA to be quite challenging.

Aim:
To compare the efficacy and safety between the three molecules, namely mometasone 0.1% ointment, calcipotriol 0.005% ointment, and tacrolimus 0.1% ointment, in localized AA.

Patients and Methods:
Patients were randomized into three groups, and topical medications were dispensed for each group in unlabeled tubes. Lesional photographs, dermoscopic images, Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) scoring, hair pull test, and Dermatology Life Quality Index questionnaires were done at the baseline visit and at every follow-up visit at 4 weeks and 8 weeks from the baseline visit.

Results:
At the end of 8 weeks, both mometasone and calcipotriol groups had a significant decrease in their SALT scores (<0.001), but the tacrolimus group did not show any significant change in parameters at the end of the study.

Limitations:
The main drawback is that there was no control group and the vehicle dispensed was ointment formulation, which may have penetration issues. The lack of long-term follow-up is also a limitation of this study.

Conclusion:
Both mometasone and calcipotriol formulations were found to be effective in the treatment of localized stable AA; however, calcipotriol preparation was associated with minimal side effects.
Clinical Manifestations of Lymphatic Filariasis and Practice of Vector Control Measures after 15 Years of Mass Drug Administration: A Rapid Epidemiological Study from Odisha
Authors: Azhar S M , Devi Shyama , Patro Binod Kumar , Panigrahi Sasmita , Jose Sam , Jacob Jaison , Issac Alwin , Stephen Shine 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Lymphatic filariasis (LF), a neglected tropical disease, is one of the main cause of lifelong disability worldwide. The objective was to estimate the prevalence of clinical manifestations of LF, the rural population’s practise of vector control methods, and their compliance with mass drug administration (MDA) and its obstacles.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1226 individuals from three villages under Andharua subcenter, Odisha. The data were collected by a systematic random sampling method using a structured questionnaire, check list, physical examination, and filariasis test strip.

Results:
Of the 1226 participants, 54.2% were female and 67.6% belonged to the 15–59 age range. Fifty-seven individuals (4.7%) exhibit clinical signs of LF. Among them, leg lymphoedema (3.3%), hand lymphedema (0.7%), elephantiasis (0.7%), and hydrocele (0.6%) were noted, and two exhibited circulating filarial antigen positive. 40.4% have Grade I, and 10.5% have Grade IV lymphoedema. 46.1% of study participants had taken the medications during MDA. The disease was associated with factors such as belonging to the below poverty line group (OR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.12-3.445), working in agriculture (OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.2-4.27), and having a low vector control practise score (OR = 7.03, 95% CI = 1.09-187.7). The majority of individuals with the disease’s clinical manifestations reported experiencing social stigma at work (Relative Important Index, RII: 0.53), which was followed by issues when attending social activities (RII: 0.43).

Conclusion:
The research indicates that the disease is more common in the study locations, which calls for stricter control measures and to promote MDA programme compliance.
A Qualitative Exploration of Family and Marital Challenges Faced by the Hepatitis-B Positive Patients and Their Partners in Central India
Authors: Pal Anjali , Panigrahi Sunil Kumar , Parija Pragyan Paramita 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
More than 40 million people in India are thought to be chronically infected with hepatitis B. Though envisaged in the year 2019, the national program for control of viral hepatitis is still in very nascent stage of implementation. The management of hepatitis B after diagnosis is heterogeneous all across the country and mostly out of reach of the vulnerable rural population far from cities with low socioeconomic status. There is a need to explore the impact of disease and the challenges faced by the patients and their partners.

Methodology:
The study is a qualitative research using in-depth interviews of the married couples with one of the partners diagnosed positive for HBsAg since at least 1 year. The interviews were conducted in vernacular language and transcripted by translation and back translation. The transcription was coded and thematically analyzed before interpretation of the results. The analysis was done using Atlas Ti software (version 7.1.8).

Results:
Themes identified in the interview were related to disease diagnosis, disease management, disease awareness, and impact on social or marital life. The awareness about the disease source or complication was suboptimal but awareness about sexual transmission of the infection was high. The disease diagnosis was mostly incidental, and in the majority of cases, they were diagnosed during pre-surgical tests. Most of the patients were not educated about the disease, lifelong treatment, prevention or screening among the family members, referral, or appropriate follow-ups. The availability of the medicines is a huge problem, and hence, all of our participants were non-adherent to medication.

Conclusion:
The findings of the study are valuable in view of huge burden of the disease and unavailability of universal treatment or information about the disease. The diseased person’s experiences low discrimination or stigma as compared to other blood-borne infections, and hence, the epidemiology of disease provides an unique window of opportunity for awareness through authentic health information regarding the infection, prevention through vaccination, and screening. There is also a need for widespread provision of disease medications and standard guidelines for management.
Effect of the Community-based SPARSH Program on Control of Selected NCDs: Mixed Methods Evaluation
Authors: Chaudhari Dhara , Dongre Amol R. , Shinde Mayur K. , Deshmukh Pradeep R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
In community settings, lack of availability of care, nonadherence to medication, high cost of treatment, and poor outcomes of treatment are the core problems in noncommunicable disease (NCD) management. Is there an effect of the community-based SPARSH program on treatment adherence, treatment expenditure, and control among selected NCDs? What are the reasons for low treatment adherence to treatment from patients’ point of view?

Methodology:
It was a community-based explanatory type of mixed method evaluation design, where major quantitative (cross-sectional survey) design followed a minor qualitative (free list) component. A representative sample of 850 NCD patients were selected by two-stage cluster sampling. Structured interviews were done to collect information on history of tobacco and alcohol consumption, treatment adherence, measurement of obesity, blood sugar, and blood pressure levels among known NCD patients. A directed acyclic graph was developed, and path analysis was performed using STATA software. Free list was done with patients who were found to have low adherence to treatment. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee.

Results:
As revealed from path analysis, NCD patients enrolled in the SPARSH program had better treatment adherence, which ultimately led to control of hypertension and diabetes. Ninety percent of patients enrolled in SPARSH had high adherence to treatment, and 90% of them had control in their NCD status. Patients with low adherence to medication reported three major reasons for it: 1) forgetting to take the medicines due to a busy schedule, 2) lack of money to purchase medicines, and 3) feeling better, so felt not necessary to take medicines.

Conclusion:
The SPARSH program was found to be effective to control hypertension and diabetes among enrolled patients for its services by improving treatment adherence among them. The key strategy of the program based on home visits to patients, counseling, and doorstep delivery of prescribed medication through trained village health workers contributed to treatment adherence and control status.
Prevalence of Diarrhea Among under-5 Children and Health-Seeking Behavior of Mothers in a Resettlement Colony of Delhi, India: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sangma Risa Vernette N. , Rasania Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Diarrheal diseases have known to affect the well-being of under-5 children significantly, especially in developing countries. Mothers’ knowledge about diarrheal diseases and decision making plays an important role in limiting the occurrence of the disease and also its complications among under-5 children. To study the prevalence of diarrheal disease among under-5 children and to assess the health-seeking behavior of mothers.

Methodology:
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a resettlement colony, and a total of 553 under-5 children were studied. Data on health-seeking behavior were obtained from the mothers/care givers and were analyzed using Chi-square test.

Result:
The prevalence of diarrheal disease among under-5 children in the resettlement colony was found to be 40.7%. About 60.7% of mothers belonged to the age group of 25–34 years, 26.7% were illiterate, and 55.6% belonged to the upper-lower socioeconomic status. Breast feeding was restricted in 31.2% under-5 children, and about 40.0% preferred visiting a private practitioner for diarrheal diseases. Only 49.6% and 41.0% of the mothers whose children had diarrhea followed WaSH practices before preparing food and after cleansing the child’s excreta. About 71.0% were given either homemade oral rehydration salt (ORS) or ORS solution available in packets.

Conclusion:
Factors that influence the health-seeking behavior of mothers and understanding these factors play a vital role in addressing the issue of diarrheal diseases among under-5 children and also in application of timely prevention and intervention methods.