bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the flame retardancy of polycarbonate through the synergistic effect of 1,3‐Benzenedisulfonate acid dipotassium salt and phenyl polysiloxanes
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Zhang Yulu , Qiao Liang , Qin Zhaolu , Zhou Hailian , Zhang Wenchao , He Jiyu , Yang Rongjie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs the application of polycarbonate (PC) in various fields continues to expand, the requirements for its flame retardancy are becoming increasingly stringent. To enhance the flame retardancy of PC, employing multi‐element synergistic effects and developing novel flame retardants are considered as vital strategies. This work introduces a blend of 1,3‐Benzenedisulfonic acid dipotassium salt (KSP) and three types of phenyl polysiloxanes, namely Octaphenylcyclotetrasiloxane (P4), Octaphenylsilsesquioxane (OPS), and ladder‐like Polyphenylsesquioxane (L‐PPSQ), into PC to create composites. The thermal stability and combustion properties of these composites were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL‐94 vertical burning, and cone calorimetry tests. Composites with phenyl polysiloxanes achieved a UL‐94 V‐0 flame retardant rating for 1.6 mm thickness sample and reduced the peak heat release rate by 30%–45%. PC composites with 3% OPS and 0.03% KSP achieved optimal performance, howing a LOI of 34.5%, a 45.4% reduction in peak heat release, and a 40.5% reduction in total smoke release. The flame‐retardant mechanism was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and pyrolysis‐gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (Py‐GC‐MS).
Performance tuning of surface modified ceria based mixed matrix membrane for effective CO2 separation
Authors: Ishaq Manzar , Saeed Usman , Belousov Artem S. , Qamar Sabih , Shafique Sumeer , Afzal Zobila Muhammad , Arshad Ifra , Shafiq Iqrash 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMixed matrix membranes (MMMs) with enhanced selectivity and permeability are investigated by incorporating deep eutectic solvents (DES) functionalized CeO2 as fillers. DES is well known owing to the intrinsic benefits of low cost, environmentally friendly, biodegradable, and CO2 philic nature. Characterization confirms the collaboration of polymer and functional CeO2 fillers. Experiments of gas separation show that the introduction of DES‐modified CeO2 fillers (2%–15%) significantly improves CO2 penetrability from 27 to 48 Barrer. The ideal separation factor of CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 also increases from 46 to 62 and 60 to 86, respectively, with increasing filler percentage. MMMs correspond to the superior gas separation performance compared with DES liquid membranes. The collaboration between DES‐treated CeO2 and CO2 contributes to the improved results. The fabricated MMM films are tested under operating parameters, confirming the potential of ceria modified fillers for CO2 capture applications. This research reveals the advancements achieved by incorporating DES‐functionalized CeO2 fillers in MMMs, enhancing selectivity and permeability for CO2 capture. These findings correspond to the development of effective and viable membrane technologies for various industrial applications.
Path Integral Spin Dynamics for Quantum Paramagnets
Authors: Nussle Thomas , Thibaudeau Pascal , Nicolis Stam 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA path integral method, combined with atomistic spin dynamics simulations, is developed to calculate thermal quantum expectation values using a classical approach. In this study, it is shown how to treat Hamiltonians with non‐linear terms, that are relevant for describing uniaxial anisotropies and mechanical constraints. These interactions can be expressed solely through quadratic terms of the spin operator along one axis, that can be identified with the quantization axis.
Freshwater fish sanctuaries provide benefits for riparian wildlife
Authors: Dusevic Michael R. , Etherington Brooke S. , Twardek William M. , Lepine Tara , Zolderdo Aaron J. , Gallagher Austin J. , Peiman Kathryn , Cooke Steven J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBenefits to wildlife communities stemming from the protection of a single species have been documented in terrestrial and marine systems but remain understudied within the context of freshwater‐protected areas (FPAs). We used five long‐standing (>80 years) FPAs in three lakes in eastern Ontario, Canada, which were initially established to protect native black bass (Micropterus spp.) from angling exploitation, to assess whether this protection affected wildlife communities found in the riparian areas of these FPAs. From May to July 2021, we used baited remote camera traps and visual surveys to assess species diversity within and outside of FPAs. We recorded 61 species spanning mammalian, avian and herpetofauna taxa, with the two assessment methods identifying unique sets of species (23% overlap). Camera traps showed that animals were more active in riparian areas during the day (62% of detections) than at night. FPAs had a variable but overall positive influence on riparian wildlife biodiversity, hosting more bird, mammal, amphibian and reptile species than non‐protected areas and having higher species richness. FPAs differed from other sites in the lakes by having higher habitat complexity, less human infrastructure and less human use, which potentially contributed to these differences. This study raises awareness that even small FPAs can have legacy, umbrella‐type benefits that extend beyond fishes to the wildlife that use the adjacent riparian areas.
Immunological function of Bombyx Toll9‐2 in the silkworm (Bombyx mori) larval midgut: Activation by Escherichia coli/lipopolysaccharide and regulation of growth
Authors: Liu Jisheng , Yang Weifeng , Liao Wenli , Huang Yanling , Chen Weijian , Bu Xiaoling , Huang Shiyi , Jiang Wanyi , Swevers Luc 
Published: August 2024

AbstractToll receptors are important regulators of insects' innate immune system which, upon binding of pathogen molecules, activate a conserved signal transduction cascade known as the Toll pathway. RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful tool to study the function of genes via reverse genetics. However, due to the reported refractory of RNAi efficiency in lepidopteran insects, successful reports of silencing of Toll receptors in the silkworm Bombyx mori have not been reported yet. In this study, a Toll receptor of the silkworm Bombyx Toll9‐2 (BmToll9‐2) was cloned and its expression and function were analyzed. The results showed that BmToll9‐2 contains an ectodomain (ECD) with a signal peptide and nine leucine‐rich repeats, a transmembrane helix, and a cytoplasmic region with a Toll/interleukin‐1 domain. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that BmToll9‐2 clusters with other insect Toll9 receptors and mammalian Toll‐like receptor 4. Oral infection of exogenous pathogens showed that the Gram‐negative bacterium Escherichia coli and its main cell wall component lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as well as the Gram‐positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and its main cell wall component peptidoglycan, significantly induce BmToll9‐2 expression in vivo. LPS also induced the expression of BmToll9‐2 in BmN4 cells in vitro. These observations indicate its role as a sensor in the innate immunity to exogenous pathogens and as a pathogen‐associated receptor that is responsive to LPS. RNAi of BmToll9‐2 was effective in the midgut and epidermis. RNAi‐mediated knock‐down of BmToll9‐2 reduced the weight and growth of the silkworm. Bacterial challenge following RNAi upregulated the expression of BmToll9‐2 and rescued the weight differences of the silkworm, which may be related to its participation in the immune response and the regulation of the microbiota in the midgut lumen of the silkworm larvae.
Synthesis of 3‐Methyleneisoindolin‐1‐ones via Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed C−H/N−H Activation and Annulation of N‐Methoxybenzamides with Potassium Vinyltrifluoroborate
Authors: Kumar Vikash , Gandeepan Parthasarathy 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIsoindolinones are vital heterocyclic compounds in medicinal chemistry, notable for their diverse bioactivities. Significant attention has been devoted to their preparation; however, existing methods are unsuitable for constructing unsubstituted 3‐methyleneisoindolin‐1‐ones. Herein, we present a rhodium(III)‐catalyzed method for synthesizing unsubstituted 3‐methyleneisoindolin‐1‐ones via C−H/N−H activation and annulation of N‐methoxybenzamides with potassium (ethenyl)trifluoroborate. This approach offers mild reaction conditions, high regioselectivity, and efficient yields. Interestingly, sterically demanding or heterocyclic N‐methoxyaromaticamides resulted in the formation of 2‐vinyl(hetero)aromatic amides instead of 3‐methyleneisoindolin‐1‐ones. Mechanistic insights suggest a rhodacycle intermediate pathway, highlighting the method's potential for developing new bioactive isoindolinone derivatives.
Higher or lower? Interpersonal behavioral and neural synchronization of movement imitation in autistic children
Authors: Du Bang , Zhang Wenjun , Chen Liu , Deng Xiaorui , Li Kaiyun , Lin Fengxun , Jia Fanlu , Su Shuhua , Tang Wanzhi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHow well autistic children can imitate movements and how their brain activity synchronizes with the person they are imitating have been understudied. The current study adopted functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) hyperscanning and employed a task involving real interactions involving meaningful and meaningless movement imitation to explore the fundamental nature of imitation as a dynamic and interactive process. Experiment 1 explored meaningful and meaningless gesture imitation. The results revealed that autistic children exhibited lower imitation accuracy and behavioral synchrony than non‐autistic children when imitating both meaningful and meaningless gestures. Specifically, compared to non‐autistic children, autistic children displayed significantly higher interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) in the right inferior parietal lobule (r‐IPL) (channel 12) when imitating meaningful gestures but lower INS when imitating meaningless gestures. Experiment 2 further investigated the imitation of four types of meaningless movements (orofacial movements, transitive movements, limb movements, and gestures). The results revealed that across all four movement types, autistic children exhibited significantly lower imitation accuracy, behavioral synchrony, and INS in the r‐IPL (channel 12) than non‐autistic children. This study is the first to identify INS as a biomarker of movement imitation difficulties in autistic individuals. Furthermore, an intra‐ and interindividual imitation mechanism model was proposed to explain the underlying causes of movement imitation difficulties in autistic individuals.
Choice Bolstering Changes Attribute Importance and Affects Future Choices
Authors: Zemborain Martin R. , Johar Gita Venkataramani , Roggeveen Anne L. , Ansari Asim 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTPrior research has established that decision‐makers engage in a bolstering process by magnifying the value of a previously made choice in order to justify their choices. The current research examines the impact of bolstering on attribute importance weights and future choices. Experiments 1 and 2 demonstrate that after making a choice between a priori comparable options, consumers prefer attributes (e.g., sunlight in an apartment) that they associate with positive features of their chosen option (lot of sunlight) more than attributes they associate (a) with negative features of their chosen option or (b) with positive features of their nonchosen option. These postchoice associations and altered attribute importance weights drive subsequent preferences. In an incentive‐compatible study, Experiment 3 demonstrates that bolstering goes beyond choice justification and impacts subsequent choice. After an initial choice, participants choose new products that have positive features consistent with their original chosen option rather than products with positive features consistent with their original nonchosen option. This research contributes to the literature on preference construction by examining the impact of justification for one's previous choices on constructed attribute preferences and subsequent choices.
The QAA's subject benchmarks and critical pedagogy: The example of ‘gateway to King's’
Authors: Armstrong John 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe UK's Quality Assurance Association for Higher Education (QAA) recommend that all undergraduate courses at UK universities include in their curricula elements of Equality, Diversity and Inclusion; Enterprise and Entrepreneurship Education; and Education for Sustainable Development. This paper examines the detail of the QAA's recommendations and finds that they are significantly influenced by critical pedagogy. While the potential benefits of the QAA's recommendations are readily apparent, the paper identifies a number of potential risks, including opportunity costs for students, dumbing down and political bias. Alongside this theoretical analysis, this paper presents a case study which examines in detail the course materials of a cross‐curricular module piloted at King's College London called the ‘King's First Year: Gateway to King's’ which covered essentially the same themes. It appears that many of the risks identified with the QAA's approach would have been realised had this module been introduced as a compulsory module for all undergraduates at King's College London as was originally planned. As student take‐up was low, it was abandoned after the pilot, and so ultimately the risks were not realised. When introducing significant curriculum changes such as those proposed by the QAA, it is important to be certain that the benefits outweigh the risks. For this reason, a case study of an unsuccessful educational intervention is valuable and may correct for the possibility of publication bias in the literature if institutions choose not to publicise their less successful projects.
Navigating firm financial distress in turbulent times: The impact of the institutional context
Authors: Zouaghi Ferdaous , Garcia‐Marco Teresa , Martinez Marian Garcia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the impact of environmental practices on firm financial distress during the COVID‐19 pandemic in both emerging and developed countries. Analysing a sample of 12,181 firm observations from 2016 to 2021, our results indicate that adopting of environmental practices leads to reduced financial distress and more crisis‐resilient economies. The mitigating effect of environmental practices is more pronounced in developed countries. This study provides crucial implications for governments and policymakers, emphasizing the importance of encouraging firms to adopt environmental practices to reduce the likelihood of default.
Noralashinols D−F, New Norlignans from Syringa pinnatifolia and its Anti‐Inflammation in BV2 Cells
Authors: Liang Yana , Wuken Shana , Chen Panlong , Huang Zhiqiang , Liu Changxin , Wang Jiatong , Chen Hongying , Zhang Ye , Chai Xingyun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFour new norlignans, noralashinols D−F (1a/b–3), and two known analogues (4 and 5) were isolated from the peeled stems of Syringa pinnatifolia Hemsl. The structures were elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data, such as IR, HR‐ESI‐MS, 1D and 2D NMR, and ECD. All compounds were evaluated for anti‐inflammatory activities against NO production induced by LPS in BV2 microglia cells. Compounds 1b and 2 exhibited moderate activities with IC50 values of 32.39±9.1 and 47.83±10.44 μM, respectively, compared with positive control indomethacin (IC50=21.62 μM). It is worth to note that 1, 3, and 4 have a distinctive woody fragrance.
Microfluidic device: A versatile biosensor platform to multiplex aptamer‐based detection of malaria biomarkers
Authors: Ogunmolasuyi Adewoyin M. , Adewoyin Mary A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPlasmodium falciparum malaria remains a dominant infectious disease that affects Africa than the rest of the world, considering its associated cases and death rates. It's a febrile illness that produces several reliable biomarkers, for example, P. falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH), P. falciparum Plasmodium glutamate dehydrogenase (PfGDH), and P. falciparum histidine‐rich proteins (HRP‐II) in blood circulatory system that can easily be employed as targets in rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). In recent times, several DNA aptamers have been developed via SELEX technology to detect some specific malaria biomarkers (PfLDH, PvLDH, HRP‐II, PfGDH) in a biosensor mode with good binding affinity properties to overcome the trend of cross‐reactivity, limited sensitivity and stability problems that have been observed with immunodiagnostics. In this review, we summarized existing diagnostic methods and relevant biomarkers to suggest promising approaches to develop sensitive and species‐specific multiplexed diagnostic devices enabling effective detection of malaria in complex biological matrices and surveillance in the endemic region.
Case of idiopathic left ventricular summit premature ventricular contractions successfully treated by catheter ablation
Authors: Tian Na , Ma Like , Ma Yinjiao , Yang Zhen 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageCA of LVS premature beats complexes is difficult due to anatomical limitations. We report a patient with PVCs originating from the LVS region who was successfully ablated by ablation.AbstractCatheter ablation (CA) of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) arising from the left ventricular summit (LVS) presents technical challenges due to the regional anatomy and frequently intramural site of origin. Herein, we demonstrated a case of a successful CA, originating from the LVS region. We further discussed the detailed anatomical background and clinical feasibility of CA as an alternative ablation route for PVCs originating from the LVS.
Flexible Trilinearity Alignment (FTA) and Shift Invariant Transformation (SIT) Constraints in Three‐Way Multivariate Curve Resolution Data Analysis
Authors: Zhang Xin , Tauler Romà 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIn this work, two alternative ways of analyzing three‐way data with multivariate curve resolution alternating least squares (MCR‐ALS) using the trilinearity constraint are described and compared. Different synthetic datasets and experimental three‐way datasets covering different scenarios are analyzed, and the results obtained are compared. The two new different ways of applying the trilinearity constraint are named flexible trilinearity alignment (FTA) and shift invariant transformation (SIT). The effects of noise in the application of both types of constraints are investigated in detail. Results show that both approaches are particularly adequate for those cases like in gas chromatography and especially in liquid chromatography where the elution profiles of the same chemical component in different chromatographic runs are not totally reproducible because they are time shifted, although they preserve their shape. When strong time shifts and co‐elution occur, then the “standard” trilinear model does not work, and alternative approaches should be used, such as the MCR extended bilinear model to multiset (multirun) data, or the proposed relaxation of the trilinearity constraint in the FTA and SIT methods to capture the time drift changes produced in the elution profiles of the resolved components.
H‐Bond Donor‐Directed Switch of Diastereoselectivity in the Enantioselective Intramolecular Aza‐Henry Reaction of Ketimines
Authors: Tian Jun‐Song , Yi‐Gong  , Wu Zhong‐Wei , Yu Jin‐Sheng , Zhou Jian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe report an H‐bond donor controlled diastereoselective switchable intramolecular aza‐Henry reaction of ketimines derived from α‐ketoesters and 2‐(2‐nitroethyl)anilines, allowing facile access to chiral tetrahydroquinolines bearing an aza‐quaternary carbon stereocenter, which are privileged scaffold for medicinal researches. While newly developed cinchona alkaloid derived phosphoramide‐bearing quaternary ammonium salt C2 selectively give cis‐adducts in up to 20 : 1 dr and 99 % ee, the corresponding urea‐bearing analogue C8 preferentially give trans‐adducts in up to 20 : 1 dr and 99 % ee.
Metal‐Decorated Porous Organic Polymers: Bridged the Gap between Organic and Inorganic Scaffolds†
Authors: Gao Zhu , Liu Yufei , Wu Shaofei , Tang Juntao , Yuan Kuanyu , Pan Chunyue , Yu Guipeng 
Published: August 2024

Comprehensive SummaryAdvanced functionalization‐decorated porous organic polymers (POPs) are emerging as a prominent research focus, spanning from their construction to applications in gas storage and separation, catalysis, energy storage, electrochemistry, and other areas. Furthermore, the inherent organic nature, tailored pore structures, and adjustable chemical components of POPs offer a versatile platform for the incorporation of various metal active sites. Meticulously designed molecular building blocks can serve as organic ligands uniformly distributed throughout POPs, leading to the effective isolation of inorganic metal active sites at the molecular level. In this manner, POPs containing active metal centers bridge the gap between organic and inorganic scaffolds. This review aims to provide an overview of recent research progress on metal‐decorated POPs, focusing on strategies for incorporating metal active sites into POPs and their applications in adsorption, separation, catalysis, and photoelectrochemistry. Finally, current challenges and future prospects are discussed for further research.
Key ScientistsAdvanced functionalized porous organic polymers have become a new research hotspot, ranging from their construction to their use in gas storage and separation, catalysis, energy storage, electrochemistry, and other applications. In 2002, the McKeown group was the first to report phthalocyanine‐based MPOPs with permanent porosity and a moderate surface area. In 2010, the Yu group prepared nanoporous polyporphyrin materials P(Fe‐TTPP) from the metallated porphyrin with functionalized thiophenyl groups by the FeCl3 catalyzed oxidation couple reaction showing the surface area of 1522 m2·g–1. Subsequently, in 2013, the Deng group was the first to use metalated salens as the original building blocks for preparing MPOPs. The Morin group was the first to produce a series of ferrocene‐based nanoporous frameworks via radical polymerization, with surface areas ranging from 385 to 899 m2·g–1. In 2016, the Han group synthesized two N‐pyridinylphenylcarbazole (PPC) ligands to produce a series of metalized polycarbazole networks. Recently, the Tan group reported a solvent‐knitting hyper‐cross‐linking reaction to produce HUST‐1, which contains a porphyrin unit. The porphyrin moiety provides a centered square‐planar metal post‐coordination site, resulting in the metalated HUST‐1‐Co, which exhibits high efficiency in the catalytic conversion of CO2. Additionally, the Kegnæs group combined the decomposition of the palladium complex with an in situ catalyzed polymerization reaction, enabling the confinement of nascent Pd particles in the developing polymer network. This review focuses on recent research progress in metal‐decorated POPs, emphasizing strategies for incorporating metal active sites into POPs and their applications.