bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS) for the acute treatment of migraine: evaluation of outcome data for the UK post market pilot program
Authors: Bhola Ria , Kinsella Evelyn , Giffin Nicola , Lipscombe Sue , Ahmed Fayyaz , Weatherall Mark , Goadsby Peter J 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background
Single pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS) is a novel treatment for acute migraine. Previous randomised controlled data demonstrated that sTMS is effective and well tolerated in the treatment of migraine with aura. The aim of the programme reported here was to evaluate patient responses in the setting of routine clinical practice.

Methods
Migraine patients with and without aura treating with sTMS had an initial review (n = 426) and training call, and then participated in telephone surveys at week six (n = 331) and week 12 during a 3-month treatment period (n = 190).

Results
Of patients surveyed with 3 month data (n = 190; episodic, n = 59; chronic, n = 131), 62 % reported pain relief, finding the device effective at reducing or alleviating migraine pain; in addition there was relief reported of associated features: nausea- 52 %; photophobia- 55 %; and phonophobia- 53 %. At 3 months there was a reduction in monthly headache days for episodic migraine, from 12 (median, 8–13 IQ range) to 9 (4–12) and for chronic migraine, a reduction from 24 (median, 16–30 IQ range) to 16 (10–30). There were no serious or unanticipated adverse events.

Conclusion
sTMS may be a valuable addition to options for the treatment of both episodic and chronic migraine.
The Opioid Peptide Dynorphin a Induces Leukocyte Responses via Integrin Mac-1 (αMβ2, CD11b/CD18)
Authors: Podolnikova Nataly P. , Brothwell Julie A. , Ugarova Tatiana P. 
Published: June 2015

Background Opioid peptides, including dynorphin A, besides their analgesic action in the nervous system, exert a broad spectrum of effects on cells of the immune system, including leukocyte migration, degranulation and cytokine production. The mechanisms whereby opioid peptides induce leukocyte responses are poorly understood. The integrin Mac-1 (αMβ2, CD11b/CD18) is a multiligand receptor which mediates numerous reactions of neutrophils and monocyte/macrophages during the immune-inflammatory response. Our recent elucidation of the ligand recognition specificity of Mac-1 suggested that dynorphin A and dynorphin B contain Mac-1 recognition motifs and can potentially interact with this receptor. Results In this study, we have synthesized the peptide library spanning the sequence of dynorphin AB, containing dynorphin A and B, and showed that the peptides bound recombinant αMI-domain, the ligand binding region of Mac-1. In addition, immobilized dynorphins A and B supported adhesion of the Mac-1-expressing cells. In binding to dynorphins A and B, Mac-1 cooperated with cell surface proteoglycans since both anti-Mac-1 function-blocking reagents and heparin were required to block adhesion. Further focusing on dynorphin A, we showed that its interaction with the αMI-domain was activation independent as both the α7 helix-truncated (active conformation) and helix-extended (nonactive conformation) αMI-domains efficiently bound dynorphin A. Dynorphin A induced a potent migratory response of Mac-1-expressing, but not Mac-1-deficient leukocytes, and enhanced Mac-1-mediated phagocytosis of latex beads by murine IC-21 macrophages. Conclusions Together, the results identify dynorphins A and B as novel ligands for Mac-1 and suggest a role for the Dynorphin A-Mac-1 interactions in the induction of nonopiod receptor-dependent effects in leukocytes.
Patternable PEDOT nanofilms with grid electrodes for transparent electrochromic devices targeting thermal camouflage
Authors: Kim Bumsoo , Koh Jong Kwan , Park Junyong , Ahn Changui , Ahn Joonmo , Kim Jong Hak , Jeon Seokwoo 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This paper reports a new type of transmitting mode electrochromic device that uses the high-contrast electrochromism of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and operates at long-wavelength infrared (8–12 μm) . To maximize the transmittance contrast and transmittance contrast ratio of the device for thermal camouflage, we control the thickness of the thin PEDOT layer from 25 nm to 400 nm and develop a design of grid-type counter electrodes. The cyclability can be greatly improved by selective deposition of the PEDOT film on grid electrodes as an ion storage layer without any loss of overall transmittance. The device with optimized architectures shows a high transmittance contrast ratio of 83 % at a wavelength of 10 μm with a response rate under 1.4 s when alternating voltage is applied. Captured images of an LED lamp behind the device prove the possibility of active, film-type camouflage against thermal detection.
CD4+CD28null T lymphocytes resemble CD8+CD28null T lymphocytes in their responses to IL-15 and IL-21 in HIV-infected patients
Authors: Echeverría Ainara , Moro-García Marco A , Asensi Víctor , Cartón José A , López-Larrea Carlos , Alonso-Arias Rebeca 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
HIV-infected individuals suffer from accelerated immunologic aging. One of the most prominent changes during T lymphocyte aging is the accumulation of CD28null T lymphocytes, mainly CD8+ but also CD4+ T lymphocytes. Enhancing the functional properties of these cells may be important because they provide antigen-specific defense against chronic infections. The objective of this study was to compare the responses of CD4+CD28null and CD8+CD28null T lymphocytes from HIV-infected patients to the immunomodulatory effects of cytokines IL-15 and IL-21. We quantified the frequencies of CD4+CD28null and CD8+CD28null T lymphocytes in peripheral blood from 110 consecutive, HIV-infected patients and 25 healthy controls. Patients showed increased frequencies of CD4+CD28null and CD8+CD28null. Both subsets were positively correlated to each other and showed an inverse correlation with the absolute counts of CD4+ T lymphocytes. Higher frequencies of HIV-specific and CMV-specific cells were found in CD28null than in CD28+ T lymphocytes. Activation of STAT5 by IL-15 and STAT3 by IL-21 was higher in CD28null compared with CD28+ T lymphocytes. Proliferation, expression of CD69, and IFN-γ production in CD28null T lymphocytes were increased after treatment with IL-15, and IL-21 potentiated most of those effects. Nevertheless, IL-21 alone reduced IFN-γ production in response to anti-CD3 stimulation but increased CD28 expression, even counteracting the inhibitory effect of IL-15. Intracytoplasmic stores of granzyme B and perforin were increased by IL-15, whereas IL-21 and simultaneous treatment with the 2 cytokines also significantly enhanced degranulation in CD4+CD28null and CD8+CD28null T lymphocytes. IL-15 and IL-21 could have a role in enhancing the effector response of CD28null T lymphocytes against their specific chronic antigens in HIV-infected patients.
Hierarchical Bimodal Mesoporous Structure Modified with Ni Nanoparticles through One-Pot Process for Effective Carbon Dioxide Methanation
Authors: Yokoyama Kota , Matsushita Sachiko , Komatsu Takayuki , Isobe Toshihiro , Nakajima Akira 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
With the intent of preparing a catalyst support, a hierarchical bimodal mesoporous structure with two types of mesopores (2–50 nm) that would show both high mass transport and high reaction rate was fabricated through a one-pot process using organic monoliths and surfactant micelles. The selectivity and efficiency of a prototypical carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction reaction, namely, the methanation of CO2 on Ni nanoparticles, were increased by the fabricated structure. This catalytic phenomena was discussed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high-angle annular dark-field imaging scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and inductively coupled optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), to observe surface area of the structures, catalyst amount, molecular diffusion efficiency, and CO2 methanation mechanisms. The thermal stability of this hierarchical porous structure in the 823–1273 K temperature range was also examined. Although additional experiments such as the change of the pore size, pore shapes, and the ratio of the larger pores and smaller pores, are required to further discussions, there is a possibility that the hierarchical bimodal mesoporous structure can be a good catalyst support.
Understanding carbon regulation in aquatic systems - Bacteriophages as a model
Authors: Sanmukh Swapnil , Khairnar Krishna , Paunikar Waman , Lokhande Satish 
Published: June 2015

The bacteria and their phages are the most abundant constituents of the aquatic environment, and so represent an ideal model for studying carbon regulation in an aquatic system. The microbe-mediated interconversion of bioavailable organic carbon (OC) into dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by the microbial carbon pump (MCP) has been suggested to have the potential to revolutionize our view of carbon sequestration. It is estimated that DOC is the largest pool of organic matter in the ocean and, though a major component of the global carbon cycle, its source is not yet well understood. A key element of the carbon cycle is the microbial conversion of DOC into inedible forms. The primary aim of this study is to understand the phage conversion from organic to inorganic carbon during phage-host interactions.Time studies of phage-host interactions under controlled conditions reveal their impact on the total carbon content of the samples and their interconversion of organic and inorganic carbon compared to control samples. A total organic carbon (TOC) analysis showed an increase in inorganic carbon content by 15-25 percent in samples with bacteria and phage compared to samples with bacteria alone. Compared to control samples, the increase in inorganic carbon content was 60-70-fold in samples with bacteria and phage, and 50-55-fold for samples with bacteria alone. This study indicates the potential impact of phages in regulating the carbon cycle of aquatic systems.
Jak badać samogłoski metodami akustycznymi? Propozycja metody opartej na względnych częstotliwościach formantowych oraz modelu samogłosek podstawowych
Authors: Rybka Piotr 
Published: June 2015

How to study vowels using acoustic methods? A proposal of a method based on relative formant frequencies and cardinal vowels model. Part II .
The second part of the paper consists of a list of relative formant frequencies of model vowels (the method of calculation was discussed in the first part). In this part, a test of the proposed method is designed using several new devices, such as the articulatory difference between vowels (expressed both as an integer and as a percentage), and the percentage distance between the analysed vowels and the particular model. In addition, a few simple statistics such as median, mode and arithmetic mean are used. The test itself consists of recognizing new vowels as pronounced by three different phoneticians. The calculations lead to the conclusion that recognition of vowels carried out with the use of the proposed method produces very accurate results which, most importantly, do not deviate in most instances from the expected values (the difference between the recognized vowel and the vowel described by the speaker did not exceed 40%). In conclusion, this part of the paper describes the advantages and limitations of the proposed method, and suggests possible solutions which may help improve the results in the future.
Onimy marketingowe – między informacją a perswazją
Authors: Graf Magdalena 
Published: June 2015

Marketing onyms – between information and persuasion
The paper analyses selected types of marketing names representing modern chrematonymy, in a wide sense of the word. It focuses on names of jewelery, of housing estates, and – if they were utilized in advertising – of cities. The author emphasizes the fluidity of the borders between specific onomastic categories, and the different ranks and functions of names that appear in advertising.
Wielki słownik języka polskiego PAN a obecna sytuacja językoznawstwa polskiego
Authors: Żmigrodzki Piotr 
Published: June 2015

The Great Polish Academy of Sciences Dictionary of Polish and the current situation of Polish linguistics
Currently the head of the Great PAN Dictionary of Polish, the author presents his observations on past and present difficulties of lexicographical work. In his view, lexicography is an activity that both uses and publicizes the achievements of scientific linguistics, and therefore, its development is tightly bound to the current state of research on contemporary language. The progress of these studies in Poland is currently not satisfactory; training of young academics and future lexicographers is also inadequate. These issues should become the subject of a general discussion for the entire millieu of Polish linguists, so that scientific and lexicographical work on Polish can advance judiciously in the future.
Językowe dziedzictwo mitologiczne w Słowniku języka polskiego Samuela Bogumiła Lindego – leksyka
Authors: Puda-Blokesz Magdalena 
Published: June 2015

Linguistic mythological heritage in S.B. Linde’s Słownik języka polskiego ‘Polish dictionary’. Vocabulary
Linguistic mythological heritage preserved in S.B. Linde’s Słownik języka polskiego ‘Polish dictionary’, comprises mainly one-word mythologisms, i.e. mythologically-motivated lexemes. The subject of my query are those Polish mythologisms, and that are lexicographically marked in Linde’s dictionary (are entries or subentries). The paper discusses the problem of mythological sources and that of textual lexical mythologisms; it isolates groups of mythological names, and describes Linde’s lexicographical notation of the selected linguistic units (among others, their place in the macro- and microstructure of the dictionary, qualification, markings, abbreviations, information on the origin, definition and isolation of secondary meanings).
Hipotezy etymologiczne nazwy jęczmień a językowo-kulturowy obraz tego zboża w polszczyźnie ludowej
Authors: Kaczan Anna 
Published: June 2015

Etymological hypotheses for jęczmień ‘barley’ and the linguistic-cultural image of this cereal in Polish dialects
The author cites five different etymological hypotheses for the general Slavic word jęczmień ‘barley’. Three refer to the features of the ear: its boniness, its shape during the time when the seeds ripen, and its adhesiveness; the other two adduce the sound that this cereal makes during the time of ripening, and its alleged taste. The paper aims to verify the cited hypotheses using the linguistic-cultural image of barley in Polish folk culture, as has been reconstructed from rich linguistic material. The author adduces linguistic contexts from various genres in an attempt to demonstrate that the reconstruction of the linguistic image of an object can help choose between etymological hypotheses. The underlying assumption is that those features which are most strongly preserved in the linguistic world view, indicate the most probable hypothesis.
Od gwary po dyskurs
Authors: Labocha Janina 
Published: June 2015

From dialect to discourse. The Polish-Czech border in Zaolzie in linguistic research
Zaolzie, i.e. the Czech part of Cieszyn Silesia since 1920, is the place of linguistic and cultural contact between an indigenous Polish population that speaks a dialect stemming from the south-Silesian dialect of Polish, and a Czech population that speaks various dialects of Czech, or the local dialect. Genetically identical to the dialect of Cieszyn in Poland, the Zaolzie dialect has been for many years under an increasing influence of Czech, especially in the area of vocabulary. Also changing is the mentality and the sense of ethnicity of the Poles of Zaolzie; this is particularly visible in the younger generation. The goal of this paper is to show the main streams in the study of the linguistic state of Zaolzie, in the past and in the present communicative situation influenced by various psychosocial and cultural factors. The paper emphasizes that researchers in language, ethnic identity and mentality face the important task of collecting and analysing written texts of various genres, and of preserving and recording public, informal and familial oral statements, based on which it will be possible to describe how the discourse of ethnic identity in Zaolzie has been shaped from 1920 till this day.
Steuerungsentwurf für lineare Transportsysteme mit örtlich verteiltem Stelleingriff
Authors: Alt Simon , Zeitz Michael , Sawodny Oliver 
Published: June 2015

Zusammenfassung
Transportsysteme mit einem örtlich verteilt wirkenden Stelleingriff werden für den Stofftransport zwischen einzelnen Prozessstufen und
gleichzeitig für die Konditionierung des Transportguts eingesetzt. Durch den verteilten Stelleingriff ergibt sich ein komplexes
Eingangs-Ausgangs-Verhalten mit einer verteilten Totzeit. Die betrachtete Steuerungsaufgabe wird durch einen Arbeitspunktwechsel der
nachfolgenden Prozessstufe definiert. Für den Steuerungsentwurf werden zwei Ansätze untersucht, um den Ausgang des Transportsystems auf
einen vorgegebenen konstanten Wert einzustellen. Dies wird für diskret und für kontinuierlich verteilte Stelleingriffe erläutert.
Manöverbasiertes Testen in Kombination mit evolutionären Algorithmen
Authors: Sattler Kathrin , Diedrich Christian , Brandmeier Thomas 
Published: June 2015

Zusammenfassung
Die steigende Komplexität und Vernetzung in der integralen Fahrzeugsicherheit erfordert die Entwicklung neuer, effektiver
Testmethoden. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt eine Methode zur Optimierung manöverbasierter, simulativer Testfälle mithilfe des
evolutionären Algorithmus Differential Evolution zur Erstellung von Testszenarios mit gewünschten Charakteristika für den
Systemtest von integralen Fahrzeugsicherheitssystemen.
Building an audio/video-feedback system for simulation training in medical education
Authors: Mahling Moritz , Münch Alexander , Castan Christoph , Schubert Paul , Haffner Leopold , Griewatz Jan , Manger Andreas , Celebi Nora , Riessen Reimer , Conrad Verena , Herrmann-Werner Anne , Reutershan Jörg 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background: Simulation training in medical education is a valuable tool for skill acquisition. Standard audio/video-feedback systems for training surveillance and subsequent video feedback are expensive and often not available.

Methods: We investigated solutions for a low-budget audio/video-feedback system based on consumer hardware and open source software.

Results: Our results indicate that inexpensive, movable network cameras are suitable for high-quality video transmission including bidirectional audio transmission and an integrated streaming platform. In combination with a laptop, a WLAN connection, and the open source software iSpyServer, one or more cameras represent the easiest, yet fully functional audio/video-feedback system. For streaming purposes, the open source software VLC media player yields a comprehensive functionality. Using the powerful VideoLAN Media Manager, it is possible to generate a split-screen video comprising different video and audio streams. Optionally, this system can be augmented by analog audio hardware. In this paper, we present how these different modules can be set up and combined to provide an audio/video-feedback system for a simulation ambulance.

Conclusions: We conclude that open source software and consumer hardware offer the opportunity to build a low-budget, feature-rich and high-quality audio/video-feedback system that can be used in realistic medical simulations.
FDG PET/CT dataset for navigation on femoral bone: a feasibility study
Authors: Militz Matthias , Uhde Jörg , Christian Georg , Linke Rainer , Morgenstern Mario , Hungerer Sven 
Published: June 2015

AbstractFDG PET/CT has become a valuable tool in the diagnosis of the activity of chronic osteomyelitis. The surgical strategy in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis is the identification of the bone focus and radical debridement of sequesters. The aim of the current study was the registration and use of the FDG PET/CT imaging datasets on a navigation system to provide diagnostic imaging based feedback during surgical procedures. For the present study, FDG PET/CT scans were acquired from artificial bones and cadaver bones with a local focus of activity. The DICOM data sets were merged using a navigation system. The referenced regions of interest were matched with fluoroscopic pictures to register the PET/CT DICOM datasets to the bone and direct visual control. Navigated targeting led to accurate results when verified with fluoroscopic images by targeting previously inserted reference points in artificial and cadaver bone. FDG PET/CT datasets are suitable for navigation and compatible with conventional planning and navigation software. The combination of diagnostic FDG PET/CT imaging with surgical navigation techniques could be a valuable tool for the accurate treatment of chronic osteomyelitis.
Influence of various sterilization methods on hardness, grain size and corrosion rate of a Mg6Ag-alloy
Authors: Feyerabend Frank , Johannisson Martin , Liu Zhidan , Willumeit-Römer Regine 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSterilization is a necessary step for all implant materials. Different methods can influence the materials properties. Especially important for magnesium as degradable materials is the determination of the corrosion properties. In this study the influence of 70% ethanol, glutaraldehyde, autoclaving, dry heat, UV-, gamma- and electron beam-irradiation on mechanical and corrosion parameters were analyzed. As mechanical parameters hardness and grain size were determined. The corrosion rate under physiological conditions, weight of the corrosion layer and corrosion morphology was determined. It could be demonstrated that irradiation treatments and 70% ethanol are suitable methods, as they decrease the corrosion rate. Heat-introducing methods (autoclaving and dry heat) acted as incomplete ageing treatments on this alloy and therefore increased the corrosion rate. Furthermore, osmolality showed a better correlation to the actual corrosion rate than the pH. Therefore an optimum ratio between alloying system, implant and sterilization method has to be established, depending on the intended application.
Characterization of Herposiphonia pectinata (Decaisne) comb. nov. (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) from Western Australia, based on morphology and DNA barcoding
Authors: Huisman John M. , Koh Young Ho , Kim Myung Sook 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In Western Australia, six species of the red algal genus Herposiphonia are known from the low-intertidal to shallow subtidal zones in tropical to warm-temperate regions. Here, we transfer the poorly known Leveillea pectinata Decaisne to Herposiphonia based on a morphology and DNA barcoding of specimens collected from Cape Peron, south of Perth, Western Australia. Herposiphonia pectinata is characterized by a branching pattern of three determinate branches (d) between indeterminate laterals (i) (d/d/d/i), terete determinate branches arising from the same dorsal position (not deflected from side to side), 20–30 segments long with 11–13 pericentral cells per segment, and a lack of vegetative trichoblasts. Cystocarps are located medially on fertile branches and spermatangial branches with a sterile tip are secundly arranged. Morphological comparisons are made with Australian and closely related species: Herposiphonia akidoglossa, Herposiphonia monilifera, Herposiphonia pectinella, Herposiphonia rostrata, and Herposiphonia nuda. DNA barcoding of COI-5P sequences show that H. pectinata is clearly separated from specimens from the Hawaiian Islands and the Iberian Peninsula.