bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Design of a Sustainability Assessment Standard Using Life Cycle Information
Authors: Lu Di , Realff Matthew J. 
Published: December 2012

SummarySustainability assessment standards are currently being developed for a range of building products. This activity has been stimulated through the considerable success of the U.S. Green Building Council's (USGBC) LEED™ standard. Transparent life cycle–based standards can guide manufacturers to design products that have reduced environmental impact. The use of a sustainability standard can certify performance and avoid green washing. In this article we present a logical framework for designing a sustainability assessment standard through the creation of tables that award points in the standard to be consistent with life cycle information. Certain minimum principles of consistency are articulated. In the case that the life cycle impact assessment method maps the life cycle inventory to impact through a linear weighting, two design approaches—impact category and activity substitution—are constructed to be consistent with these principles. The approach is illustrated in a case study of a partial redesign of a carpet sustainability assessment standard (NSF/ANSI‐140).
Traces of the New Zealand psychiatric hospital: Unpacking the place of stigma
Authors: Kearns Robin , Joseph Alun E. , Moon Graham 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWe survey the status of former public psychiatric hospitals, asking what has happened to the land and buildings. Drawing on Anderson's notion of traces, we argue for the transcendent role of stigma in closure processes and in subsequent reuse. We examine the extent to which evidence of mental health care remains at former hospital sites and developed a fivefold classification of end uses – retained health care; trans‐institutionalisation (to new institutional uses); residential; commercial; and dereliction. We conclude that while stigma is pervasive in shaping traces of the psychiatric hospital, its effects are filtered by locality‐specific factors including commercial potential.
Comparative policy analysis: Neoliberalising New Zealand
Authors: Peet J. Richard 
Published: December 2012

AbstractComparative policy analysis involves systematically examining the long‐term formation of public policies across a number of societies. It focuses particularly on the sequence of policy regimes: liberalism – Keynesianism/social democracy – neoliberalism. Since 1980, neoliberalism has been widely adopted as the guiding ideological structure for economic policy making. But neoliberalism encounters resistances that vary with national contexts. New Zealand is a particularly interesting case because of its reputation as a social democratic, welfare state that went neoliberal with a vengeance (Rogernomics).
Reliability of Height and Weight Measurements Collected by Physical Education Teachers for a School‐Based Body Mass Index Surveillance and Screening System
Authors: Berkson Stephanie S. , Espinola Janice , Corso Katherine A. , Cabral Howard , McGowan Robert , Chomitz Virginia R. 
Published: December 2012

BACKGROUND: To address the obesity epidemic among children and youth, school‐based body mass index (BMI) screening and surveillance is proposed or mandated in 30 states. In Cambridge, MA, physical education (PE) teachers are responsible for these measurements. This research reports the reliability of height and weight measures collected by these PE teachers.METHODS: Using Bland‐Altman plots, mean absolute differences, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), we estimated intra‐ and inter‐rater reliability among PE teachers in a controlled setting and PE teacher‐vs‐expert inter‐rater reliability in a natural classroom setting. We also qualitatively assessed barriers to reliability.RESULTS: For the controlled setting, of 150 measurements, 3 height (2.0%) and 2 weight (1.33%) measurement outliers were detected; intra‐rater mean absolute differences for height/weight were 0.52 inches (SD 1.61) and 0.8 lbs (SD 3.2); intra‐ and inter‐rater height/weight ICCs were ≥0.96. For the natural setting, of 105 measurements, 1 weight measurement outlier (0.9%) was detected; PE teacher‐vs‐expert‐rater mean absolute differences for height/weight were 0.22 inches (SD 0.21) and 0.7 lbs (SD 0.8), and ICCs were both 0.99. Equipment deficiencies, data recording issues, and lack of students' preparation were identified as challenges to collecting reliable measurements.CONCLUSION: According to ICC criteria, reliability of PE teachers' measurements was “excellent.” However, the criteria for mean absolute differences were not consistently met. Results highlight the importance of staff training and data cleaning.
Ready‐to‐Eat Cereal Consumption and the School Breakfast Program: Relationship to Nutrient Intake and Weight
Authors: Affenito Sandra G. , Thompson Douglas , Dorazio Ali , Albertson Ann M. , Loew Amy , Holschuh Norton M. 
Published: December 2012

BACKGROUND: Children in the United States exhibit high rates of nutrient inadequacy and overweight/obesity; other international studies report similar associations. The School Breakfast Program (SBP) may help alleviate these conditions for youth in the United States. This research examined the association of ready‐to‐eat (RTE) breakfast cereal consumption with students' (SBP participants and nonparticipants) dietary nutrient intake and weight status.METHODS: Data were from the third School Nutrition Dietary Assessment Study (SNDA‐III), conducted in 2004‐2005. Analyses included all 2298 SNDA‐III participants (ages 5‐18 years), who completed a dietary recall and whose parents completed an interview. Students were categorized as skipping versus eating breakfast; students eating breakfast were categorized by SBP participation (SBP participant vs nonparticipant) and breakfast type (with vs without RTE cereal). Analyses estimated the association of these categorizations with total daily nutrient intake and weight‐related measures, after adjusting for covariates.RESULTS: RTE cereal breakfast consumers (regardless of SBP participation) had greater intake of vitamin A, iron, and whole grain, compared with noncereal breakfast eaters. Breakfast consumers (regardless of SBP participation and type) had greater intake of vitamins A and C, calcium, iron, dietary fiber, and whole grain, relative to breakfast skippers.CONCLUSIONS: The SBP increases opportunity for improved nutrient intake and healthier body weight through breakfast consumption, especially whole grain RTE cereals, as recommended by the Dietary Guidelines 2010.
Sexual Behaviors of Middle School Students: 2009 Youth Risk Behavior Survey Results From 16 Locations
Authors: Moore Michele J. , Barr Elissa M. , Johnson Tammie M. 
Published: December 2012

BACKGROUND: The potential negative consequences of engaging in sexual risk behaviors at a young age are well documented. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of information about the prevalence of sexual behaviors among middle school students. This article provides an overview of the sexual risk behaviors of middle school students from 16 districts and states throughout the country, and examines these risks by demographic variables.METHODS: In 2009, 10 states and 6 districts administered the Youth Risk Behavior Survey‐Middle School and included sexual behavior questions. Data were examined using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Youth Online database. Frequencies were run for 4 sexual behaviors and an HIV/AIDS education question for each location. A series of t‐tests were calculated for these 5 items by gender, age, and race for each location.RESULTS: Data show that 5–20% of sixth graders and 14–42% of eighth graders have engaged in sexual intercourse. A concerning percentage of students have also engaged in other sexual risk behaviors and many are not receiving HIV/AIDS education. Additionally, there were significant differences by gender, race, and age.CONCLUSION: Consistent with previous studies, males, minorities, and older students are more likely to engage in sexual risk behaviors. There is also variation in the percentage of students engaging in sexual behaviors across locations. Sexual risk reduction education is important for middle school youth, particularly for minorities, males and those from southern and/or larger, urban cities as those are the populations with generally higher sexual risk behaviors.
The Design of Re‐usable Carius Tubes for the Determination of Rhenium, Osmium and Platinum‐Group Elements in Geological Samples
Authors: Qi Liang , Gao Jian‐Feng , Zhou Mei‐Fu , Hu Jing 
Published: December 2012

The traditional Carius tube technique is cumbersome and requires skilful work to seal the Carius tube, which can be used only once. We describe a modification to the technique that does not require the use of a high‐temperature welding torch to melt the Carius tube to seal it. The newly designed Carius tube consists of a main body with a 3 mm‐thick glass wall, a neck and head with walls 4 mm in thickness, and an efficient screw‐thread stopper. These new features allowed the tube to be used repeatedly. We demonstrate relatively low procedural blanks derived for Re and Os, and platinum‐group elements (PGEs), using the redesigned tube. A temperature of 220 °C could be reached for about 5 ml of HNO3 for a 47 ml tube and for 32 ml of inverse aqua regia for a 200 ml tube. This digestion technique can be used for routine analysis of Re and PGEs in geological samples.
‘A Man Obscurely Situated’: Samuel Richardson, Autobiography and ‘The History of Mrs Beaumont’
Authors: CURRAN LOUISE 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis article considers Samuel Richardson's final fictional work, ‘The History of Mrs Beaumont’, a story removed from his last published novel, Sir Charles Grandison (1753‐4), that now survives in manuscript form (following partial publication in 1804). It explores Richardson's interest in different forms of life‐writing, draws attention to the quasi‐autobiographical nature of this work and argues that ‘Mrs Beaumont’ demonstrates a new interest in the way personal history could be used in fictional practice. The article concludes that, though fragmentary and neglected by critics to date, the work is a significant part of the novelist's literary oeuvre.
Treat me Right, Treat me Equal: Using National Policy and Legislation to Create Positive Changes in Local Health Services for People with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Roberts Amanda , Townsend Samantha , Morris Jennifer , Rushbrooke Elizabeth , Greenhill Beth , Whitehead Richard , Matthews Tim , Golding Laura 
Published: December 2012

BackgroundCreative use of legislation can produce positive change in the lives of people with intellectual disabilities. This may be ‘bottom‐up’ or ‘top‐down’ or at multiple levels and with multiple stakeholders.MethodUsing a human rights–based approach (HRBA), four initiatives to improve services for people with intellectual disabilities in theUKare described.ResultsThe first example explains the process of co‐producing aDVDand board game to enable people with intellectual disabilities to understand their human rights. The second example considers the impact of organizational culture in the process of embedding a pilot evaluation of practical, human rights–based risk assessment and management tools. A third pilot project examines how the guiding principles of Mental Health Act (MHA) (2007) for England and Wales can be operationalized using anHRBA. Finally, improving equitable access to health care through a ‘top‐down’ process of change involving the Green Light Toolkit is reported.ConclusionThe authors consider how to approach the process and where to focus in the system, to realize meaningful change.
Cognitive Behavioural Treatment for Anger in Adults with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Nicoll Matthew , Beail Nigel , Saxon David 
Published: December 2012

BackgroundThe cognitive behavioural treatment for anger in adults with intellectual disabilities has received increasing interest. The current study aims to review the current literature and provide a meta‐analysis.MethodA literature search found 12 studies eligible for the quality appraisal. The studies examined cognitive behavioural treatment for anger in adults with intellectual disabilities published since 1999. Nine studies were eligible to be included in the meta‐analysis.ResultsThe meta‐analysis revealed large uncontrolled effect sizes for the treatment for anger in adults with intellectual disabilities, but is viewed with caution due to low sample sizes. The narrative review showed improved methodological quality of the literature.ConclusionsThe emerging literature is encouraging. However, it is limited through concatenated data, a lack of comparative control groups and small study samples.
A Case with Occurrence of Antidromic Tachycardia After Ablation of Idiopathic Left Fascicular Tachycardia: Mechanism of Left Upper Septal Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: NISHIUCHI SUGURU , NOGAMI AKIHIKO , NAITO SHIGETO 
Published: December 2012

Antidromic Tachycardia After Ablation of Idiopathic Left Fascicular TachycardiaA 36‐year‐old male presented with verapamil‐sensitive narrow QRS tachycardia. The patient underwent the catheter ablation of common idiopathic left fascicular ventricular tachycardia (ILVT) 2 years ago. During narrow QRS tachycardia, the diastolic and presystolic potentials (P1 and P2) were recorded at the left septum. Activation sequences of P1 and P2 were opposite from those in common ILVT. Entrainment of P1 at the upper septum exhibited concealed fusion and S‐QRS equal to P1‐QRS. Radiofrequency current to P1 suppressed VT. Idiopathic left upper septal VT might be the antidromic macroreentry of the common form of ILVT.
Noninvasive Panoramic Mapping of Human Atrial Fibrillation Mechanisms: A Feasibility Report
Authors: HAISSAGUERRE MICHEL , HOCINI MELEZE , SHAH ASHOK J. , DERVAL NICOLAS , SACHER FREDERIC , JAIS PIERRE , DUBOIS REMI 
Published: December 2012

Noninvasive Panoramic Mapping of Human Atrial Fibrillation MechanismsIntroductionRecent developments in body surface mapping and computer processing have allowed noninvasive mapping of atrial activation responsible for various cardiac arrhythmias with increasingly greater resolution. We developed specific algorithms to identify localized sources and atrial propagation occurring simultaneously during ongoing atrial fibrillation (AF).Methods and ResultsWe report the feasibility of noninvasive panoramic mapping of human AF mechanisms and its validation by successful ablation. We used a commercially available mapping system using an array of 252 body surface electrodes and noncontrast thoracic CT scan to obtain high‐resolution images of the biatrial geometry and the relative electrode positions. On the surface unipolar electrograms acquired during AF we developed specific signal‐analysis process combining filtering, wavelet transform, and phase mapping. At least 5 windows with spontaneous, long ventricular pauses were selected for mapping. The incidence, location and characteristics of localized sources (foci and rotors) were assessed on the cumulative duration of all recorded windows.In a patient with paroxysmal AF, noninvasive maps showed multiple single or repetitive discharges from 3 pulmonary veins (PVs), a rotor meandering along the right venous ostia, and their mutual interplay. All areas outside the left posterior wall were passively activated. AF terminated during isolation of right PV.In a patient with persistent AF for 7 months, a rotor was identified recurrently, drifting in the left atrial inferior and posterior wall and in the roof. It was not stationary for more than 2 rotations. The right atrial free wall was activated over the Bachman's bundle by a passive wavefront propagating in a counterclockwise pattern. Ablation at the rotor locations abruptly converted AF into atrial tachycardia after 10 minutes of radiofrequency application. Further mapping and ablation confirmed a counterclockwise cavotricuspid isthmus—dependent flutter.ConclusionsThis report demonstrates the feasibility of noninvasive panoramic mapping of AF in identifying active sources, which include unstable rotors and PV foci, and its validation by ablation results.
Dispersal ability of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae): edge effect in area‐wide treatments
Authors: Navarro‐Llopis V. , Vacas S. , Zarzo M. , Primo J. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBait stations are widely used to control Ceratitis capitata, even though the effect of intrusion from untreated areas decreases the efficacy of the technique. In this work, the edge effect of outer fruit fly populations from untreated areas and backyard orchards has been studied. For this purpose, a field trial was carried out during four years in a wide area of 10 000 ha located in Valencia (Spain). The main growing species were Prunus persica, Prunus domestica, Citrus sinensis, Citrus reticulata and Diospyros kaki. An area of 3,600 ha was treated with chemosterilant bait stations. Fruit fly populations were monitored during the 4 years of study inside and outside the treated area using Tephri‐traps baited with trimedlure. A grid of 180 traps was placed in the field with an intertrap distance of 450 m. Multiple linear regression was applied to model population levels as a function of distance to untreated areas and backyards. The distance at which outer medfly populations influenced the treated wide‐area population was about 1.3 km. This value reflects the distance at which a given fruit fly population is influenced by outer populations and suggests that C. capitata is able to move more than 1 km seeking for hosts. Thus, buffer areas in area‐wide integrated pest management of Mediterranean fruit fly should be at least 1.3 km wide.
Is Geriatric Care Associated with Less Emergency Department Use?
Authors: D'Arcy Laura P. , Stearns Sally C. , Domino Marisa E. , Hanson Laura C. , Weinberger Morris 
Published: December 2012

ObjectivesTo determine whether community‐dwelling individuals and nursing home (NH) residents treated by a geriatrician were less likely to use the emergency department (ED) than individuals treated by other physicians.DesignRetrospective cohort study using data from a national sample of older adults with a history of cardiovascular disease.SettingAmbulatory care or NH.ParticipantsFee‐for‐service Medicare beneficiaries aged 66 and older diagnosed with one or more geriatric conditions from 2004 to 2007 and followed for up to 3 years.MeasurementsEmergency department use was measured in Medicare inpatient and outpatient claims; geriatric care was measured as geriatrician visits in ambulatory or NH settings coded in physician claims.ResultsMultivariable analyses controlled for observed and unobserved subject characteristics that were constant during the study period. For community‐dwelling participants, one or more nonhospital geriatrician visits in a 6‐month period were associated with 11.3% lower ED use the following month (95% confidence interval (CI) = 7.5–15.0, N = 287,259). Participants who received primary care from geriatricians were less likely to have ED use than those who had traditional primary care. Results for participants who received consultative care from geriatricians were similar to those for participants who received primary care from geriatricians. Results for NH residents (N = 66,551) were similar to those for community‐dwelling participants.ConclusionGeriatric care was associated with an estimated 108 fewer ED visits per 1,000 community‐dwelling residents and 133 fewer ED visits per 1,000 NH residents per year. Geriatric consultative care in collaboration with primary care providers may be as effective in reducing ED use as geriatric primary care. Increased provision of collaborative care could allow the existing supply of geriatricians to reach a larger number of individuals.
Substrate determinants in the C99 juxtamembrane domains differentially affect γ–secretase cleavage specificity and modulator pharmacology
Authors: Ousson Solenne , Saric Arman , Baguet Aurelie , Losberger Christophe , Genoud Stephane , Vilbois Francis , Permanne Bruno , Hussain Ishrut , Beher Dirk 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe molecular mechanisms governing γ‐secretase cleavage specificity are not fully understood. Herein, we demonstrate that extending the transmembrane domain of the amyloid precursor protein‐derived C99 substrate in proximity to the cytosolic face strongly influences γ–secretase cleavage specificity. Sequential insertion of leucines or replacement of membrane‐anchoring lysines by leucines elevated the production of Aβ42, whilst lowering production of Aβ40. A single insertion or replacement was sufficient to produce this phenotype, suggesting that the helical length distal to the ε–site is a critical determinant of γ‐secretase cleavage specificity. Replacing the lysine at the luminal membrane border (K28) with glutamic acid (K28E) increased Aβ37 and reduced Aβ42 production. Maintaining a positive charge with an arginine replacement, however, did not alter cleavage specificity. Using two potent and structurally distinct γ–secretase modulators (GSMs), we elucidated the contribution of K28 to the modulatory mechanism. Surprisingly, whilst lowering the potency of the non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug‐type GSM, the K28E mutation converted a heteroaryl‐type GSM to an inverse GSM. This result implies the proximal lysine is critical for the GSM mechanism and pharmacology. This region is likely a major determinant for substrate binding and we speculate that modulation of substrate binding is the fundamental mechanism by which GSMs exert their action.
Autobiographical memory and episodic future thinking after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: Rasmussen Katrine W. , Berntsen Dorthe 
Published: December 2012

Converging evidence suggests that autobiographical memory and episodic future thinking share a common neurocognitive basis. Although previous research has shown that traumatic brain injury (TBI) can impair the ability to remember the personal past, episodic future thinking has not previously been systematically examined within this population. In this study, we examined the ability to remember events in the personal past and the ability to imagine possible events in the personal future in a sample of moderate‐to‐severeTBIpatients. We present data on nine patients and nine healthy controls, who were asked to report a series of events that had happened to them in the past and a series of events that might happen to them in the future. Transcriptions were scored according to a reliable system for categorizing internal (episodic) and external (semantic) information. For each event described, participants also completed two modified Autobiographical Memory Questionnaire items to assess self‐reported phenomenal qualities associated with remembering and imagining. In addition,TBIpatients underwent neuropsychological assessment. Results revealed thatTBIpatients recalled/imagined proportionally fewer episodic event‐specific details for both past and future events compared to healthy controls (η2p = 0.78). In contrast, there were no group differences in ratings of phenomenal characteristics. These results are discussed in relation to theories suggesting that remembering and imagining the future are the expression of the same underlying neurocognitive system.