bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of hashtags as a political branding strategy / El uso de los hashtags como una estrategia de marca política
Authors: Mas Manchón Lluís , Guerrero-Solé Frederic 
Published: August 2024

Abstract Political brands are using Twitter intensively during campaigns. The objective of this study is twofold: to build a theoretical framework to pose that the use of hashtags can be a brand strategy; and to analyze how political brands are effectively using hashtags. First, drawing on the social identity approach, this article argues that brands are becoming social identities enacted through horizontal user-to-user relationships. Second, a sample of a million tweets from the last two Spanish elections in 2015 and 2016 is collected to analyze the type of hashtags posted by politicians and the networks of interaction. Results show that political brands mainly used three types of hashtags: party, candidate and branded hashtags; and mainly interacted with their own hashtags. This can be considered as a traditional brand identity strategy. However, a brand community strategy would be more aligned with the horizontal and top-down nature of social networking sites as well as with today’s all-encompassing political debate. Political brands should foster a co-creative brand identity process to build more effectively the organization’s meaningful values. Keywords: political brands, hashtags, brand community, social identity, Spanish elections Resumen Las marcas políticas están usando Twitter intensivamente durante las campañas. El objetivo de este estudio es doble: diseñar un marco teórico para plantear que el uso de hashtags puede responder a una estrategia de marca; y analizar cómo las marcas políticas están utilizando efectivamente los hashtags. En primer lugar, basándose en el enfoque de identidad social, este artículo sostiene que las marcas se están convirtiendo en identidades sociales promulgadas a través de las relaciones horizontales usuario-usuario. En segundo lugar, se recoge una muestra de un millón de tweets de las últimas dos elecciones españolas en 2015 y 2016 para analizar el tipo de hashtags publicados por los políticos y las redes sociales. Los resultados muestran que las marcas políticas utilizaron principalmente tres tipos de hashtags: hashtags del partido, de candidato y de la marca; y principalmente, interactuaron con sus propios hashtags. Esto puede ser considerado como una estrategia tradicional de identidad de marca. Sin embargo, una estrategia de comunidad de marca estaría más alineada con la naturaleza horizontal y descendente de las redes sociales, así como con el debate político que hoy en día lo abarca todo. Las marcas políticas deben fomentar un proceso de identidad de marca co-creativa para construir eficazmente los valores más significativos de la organización. Palabras clave: marcas políticas, hashtags, comunidad de marca, identidad social, elecciones españolas.
PREVALENCE OF SELF MEDICATION AMONG MBBS STUDENTS OF SHEIKH ZAYED MEDICAL COLLEGE, RAHIM YAR KHAN
Authors: Hafiz Umer Farooq  , Iqbal Ghazala Yasmeen , Yasmeen Nabeela , Rehman Cheema Rafay Ur , Sultan Shazia , Hussain Tariq 
Published: August 2024

Background:
The prevalence of self-medication among medical students due to the virtue of their studying medicine is a significant issue. It can lead to various challenges including inappropriate symptom management and developing resistance to certain pharmaceutical drugs.
Objective:
The objective of this research was to determine the frequency of selfmedication among MBBS students of Sheikh Zayed Medical College Rahim Yar Khan.
Methodology:
The study design for this research was Cross-sectional study. The study was conducted at Sheikh Zayed Medical College, Rahim Yar Khan. Study subjects were five batches of MBBS within the age group of 19-25 and the duration was between August 15, 2023 to September 15, 2023. A sample size of 130 students were included in the study. Before the study, consent was taken from all subjects. The questionnaire was shared via WhatsApp groups to collect information with complete anonymity. The variables included age, gender, locality and questions were: involvement in self medication practice, frequency in the past one year, reasons, source of advice, illness, complaints for medication, adverse effects, and if they had stopped it and consulted a doctor. This data was entered on SPSS and results were obtained in textural, graphical and tabular form.
Results:
The study showed that among 130 medical students, 107 (82.3%) had self-medicated. 65.4% did it because it was convenient. The mean age was 21.29. The most common reason was headache (63.6%) and second most prevalent reason was sore throat (59.8%). Most students (69.2%) selected the medicine based on their own experience and 58.9% did on the basis of a previous prescription. Over half of the subjects (57%) stopped using the medication once the symptoms were alleviated. Most students (72%) never had any adverse effects from self-medication.
Conclusion:
The prevalence of self-medication in students at Sheikh Zayed Medical College, Rahim Yar Khan is high as 82.3% of students have self-medicated. The common reasons for self-medication are headache and sore throat. Almost one-half of students stopped using the medication with alleviation of symptoms.
Most students never had any adverse effects from self-medication
Penerapan Metode Discovery Learning Untuk Menunjang Kedisiplinan dan Berpikir Kritis pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Kelas XII IPS 2
Authors: Katrisna Wulan , Ariatmi Siti Zuhriah , Rusydi M Arif 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilakukan atas dasar masi rendahnya kedisiplinan sekaigus cara berpikir kritis pada peserta didik. Tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan penerapan pembelajaran dalam menggunakan model Discovery Learning dan menguraikan kegiatan pembelajaran menggunakan Discovery Learning yang dapat meningkatkan Kedisiplinan swa dan berpikir kritis siswa.Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilakukan di SMA 3 Muhammadiyah Surakarta dengan Subjek peserta didi kelas XII IPS dengan pelaksanaan 2 siklus. Menggunakan metode kualitatif PTK dengan teknik observasi dan angket. Dari hasil pembahasan diambil kesimpulan bahwa terjadi peningkatan kedisiplinan dan berpikir kritis peserta didik dengan menggunakan metode discovery learning yaitu sebagai berikut pada Siklus 1 Peserta didik yang termasuk katagori kurang disiplin 6 anak, katagori cukup 9 anak, katagori baik 5 anak, dan katagori sudah baik 1 anak dan Peserta didik yang termasuk penilaian berpikir kritis katagori kurang 9 anak, katagori cukup 11 anak, katagori baik 5 anak, dan katagori sudah baik 0 anak. Pada Siklus 2 peserta didik dengan katagori kurang disiplin 0 anak, katagori cukup disiplin 2 anak, katagori sudah baik kedisiplinanya 10 anak, dan katagori sangat baik 9 anak. Peserta didik dengan penilaian kemampuan peserta didik siklus 2 menunjukan katagori kurang 0 anak, katagori cukup 3 anak, katagori baik 13 anak, dan katagori sangat baik 5 anak.
Motif Penggunaan Twitter @Ohmybeautybank Terhadap Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Informasi Kecantikan
Authors: Tuffahati Thifal Prameswari , Purwanti Silviana , Agustian Jaka Farih , Dwivayani Kadek Dristiana 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami motif penggunaan Twitter @ohmybeautybank terhadap pemenuhan kebutuhan informasi kecantikan dengan menggunakan analisis teori Uses and Gratification yang diperkenalkan oleh Herbert Blumer dan Elihu Katz pada tahun 1974. Teori ini berpusat pada khalayak karena khalayaklah yang aktif mencari dan menentukan media mana yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan mereka. Adapun kebutuhan individual yang dipuaskan media menurut Katz, Gurevitch, dan Haas yaitu kebutuhan kognitif, afektif, integrasi personal, integrasi sosial, dan pelepasan ketegangan. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah remaja akhir berusia 18-22 tahun mahasiswa Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Mulawarman. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi pada tiga narasumber yang merupakan followers dari akun Twitter @ohmybeautybank. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motif menggunakan akun @ohmybeautybank didorong oleh kebutuhan kognitif, afektif, integrasi personal, dan pelepasan ketegangan. Sedangkan kebutuhan integrasi sosial tidak menjadi salah satu motif utama pengguna memperkuat hubungan dengan orang lain dalam menjalankan peran sebagai makhluk sosial.
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Loyalitas Karyawan Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur di Bekasi
Authors: Oktaviani Erika , Utomo Fajar Cahyo , Setiorini Amanda 
Published: August 2024

The This research was to determine the effect of leadership style and work environment on employee loyalty. This research uses descriptive quantitative research methods through data collection and quantitative analysis using SPSS. The population in this study are 103 company employees and all employees are used as research samples with saturated sample techniques, because the population is relatively small. Data analysis techniques using the classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, f test, t test and determination efficiency. The results showed that leadership style partially influenced employee loyalty. Similarly, work environment partially influence employee loyalty. Simultaneously, that leadership style and work environment affect employee loyalty. The magnitude of the coefficient of determination of 57,3% and the remaining 42,7% is explained by other variables or factors. The conclusion states that partially and simultaneously, leadership style and work environment affect the loyalty of employees
Inserção do Dispositivo Intrauterino (DIU) por enfermeiros na atenção primária à saúde: uma revisão de literatura.
Authors: REIS DA SILVA ERLI MARTA , De Sousa Troppel Nara Núbia , Ferreira de Jesus Ana Dirce , Viana dos Santos Greice Nívea , Diniz dos Santos Giselle , Nogueira de Sousa Eucileida , Oliveira Malheiros Mara Mariane , De Sousa Medeiros Maria Dailsa , Da Silva Ribeiro Rubiane , Nascimento Ribeiro Emily Daniele , Almeida dos Santos Luana 
Published: August 2024

Este estudo objetivou discutir a inserção do dispositivo intrauterino por enfermeiros na atenção primária a saúde. Material e métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão da literatura. Utilizou-se as bases eletrônicas LILACS (Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde), BDENF (Bases de Dados em Enfermagem) e Scielo - Scientific Electronic Library Online. Dos descritores associados resultaram em um total de 14 artigos, no recorte temporal de 07 anos (2016 a 2023). Resultados: A partir de uma amostra composta por quatorze (14) estudos, emergiram 3 eixos temáticos, sendo o Primeiro Eixo: O Enfermeiro frente a inserção do DIU, Segundo Eixo: Barreiras Organizacionais e individuais, Terceiro Eixo: Planejamento familiar e seu benefício. Considerações Finais: Há necessidade de investimento na capacitação de enfermeiros para ampliar o acesso e direito à atenção à vida sexual das mulheres no país. A atuação do Enfermeiro se constitui em uma via para consolidar o direito à atenção à vida sexual e reprodutiva das mulheres
Legal and Historical Perspective of Plant Breeders Rights Act of Pakistan
Authors: Zainab Maqbool  , Arusa Aftab  , Zubaida Yousaf  , Muhammad Zia-Ul-Haq  
Published: August 2024

Pakistan is an agricultural country and numerous plant varieties have been developed indigenously by local scientists. There was a long felt need to introduce any sort of protection mechanism for these novel plant varieties to protect the research and development (R&D). Being a World Trade Organization (WTO) member, Pakistan acceded to the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) agreement in 1995, and since then, legislation was due to protect the rights of breeders of new plant varieties. In 2016, the Government of Pakistan passed the Plant Breeder’s Rights Act (PBRA), in alignment with the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants Convention of 1991 (UPOV), balancing the interests of biotechnology companies and traditional plant breeders. The current study highlights Pakistan's strengths and areas that still require improvement to meet the nation's demands for plant variety protection.
Analogia Entis. Stein - Dionisio - Tomás
Authors: Redmond Walter 
Published: August 2024

La analogía del ser es un tema clave en la filosofía y espiritualidad de Edith Stein, Santa Teresa Benedicta de la Cruz. El mismo título de su obra principal, Ser finito, ser eterno/ Ensayo de un ascenso al sentido del ser, revela cómo comprende la analogía. Refiere “finito” a un algo limitado en su ser y en su tiempo y “eterno” a un todo, repleto de ser y sentido atemporal. La analogia entis es el “golfo infinito” entre los dos: una “subida” al sentido de este todo desde el algo, la cual evoca La subida del Monte Carmelo de su compañero Carmelita san Juan de la Cruz. Quiero sugerir cómo Stein interpretó la analogía del ser desde la fenomenología en el marco de una “teología pre” de san Dionisio el Areopagita y santo Tomás de Aquino. Me referiré a esta obra principal de Stein así como a su monografía “Caminos al conocimiento de Dios/ La ‘teología simbólica’ de Dionisio el Areopagita y sus presuposiciones objetivas”
Constitutional Design and Australian Exceptionalism in the Adoption of National Bills of Rights
Authors: Stone Bruce , Barry Nicholas 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWhy has Australia not followed Canada, New Zealand and the United Kingdom in adopting a formal bill of rights at the national level? We argue that the Australian Constitution has made the difference. The Constitution has underpinned a comparatively strong parliamentary check on the executive, weakening the rationale for a bill of rights and impeding legislative initiatives towards this end; thwarted the drive for a constitutional bill of rights; and helped delegitimize statutory approaches to a bill of rights in general and the “dialogue model” in particular. The article ultimately questions the notion that a common approach to rights protection can apply across Westminster democracies.
MODEL STRUCTURES ON TRIANGULATED CATEGORIES
Authors: YANG XIAOYAN 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe define model structures on a triangulated category with respect to some proper classes of triangles and give a general study of triangulated model structures. We look at the relationship between these model structures and cotorsion pairs with respect to a proper class of triangles on the triangulated category. In particular, we get Hovey's one-to-one correspondence between triangulated model structures and complete cotorsion pairs with respect to a proper class of triangles. Some applications are given.
VANISHING OF COHOMOLOGY OVER COMPLETE INTERSECTION RINGS
Authors: SADEGHI ARASH 
Published: December 2014

AbstractLet R be a complete intersection ring, and let M and N be R-modules. It is shown that the vanishing of ExtiR(M, N) for a certain number of consecutive values of i starting at n forces the complete intersection dimension of M to be at most n–1. We also estimate the complete intersection dimension of M*, the dual of M, in terms of vanishing of cohomology modules, ExtiR(M,N).
SYMMETRY AND EXISTENCE OF SOLUTIONS OF SEMI-LINEAR ELLIPTIC SYSTEMS IN HYPERBOLIC SPACE
Authors: HE HAIYANG 
Published: December 2014

Abstract(0.1)
\begin{equation}\label{eq:0.1}
\left\{
\begin{array}{ll}
\displaystyle
-\Delta_{\mathbb{H}^{N}}u=|v|^{p-1}v x, \\
\displaystyle
-\Delta_{\mathbb{H}^{N}}v=|u|^{q-1}u, \\
\end{array}
\right.
\end{equation}

in the whole Hyperbolic space ℍN. We establish decay estimates and symmetry properties of positive solutions. Unlike the corresponding problem in Euclidean space ℝN, we prove that there is a positive solution pair (u, v) ∈ H1(ℍN) × H1(ℍN) of problem (0.1), moreover a ground state solution is obtained. Furthermore, we also prove that the above problem has a radial positive solution.
GK DIMENSION AND LOCALLY NILPOTENT SKEW DERIVATIONS
Authors: BERGEN JEFFREY , GRZESZCZUK PIOTR 
Published: December 2014

AbstractLet A be a domain over an algebraically closed field with Gelfand–Kirillov dimension in the interval [2,3). We prove that if A has two locally nilpotent skew derivations satisfying some natural conditions, then A must be one of five algebras. All five algebras are Noetherian, finitely generated, and have Gelfand–Kirillov dimension equal to 2. We also obtain some results comparing the Gelfand–Kirillov dimension of an algebra to its subring of invariants under a locally nilpotent skew derivation.
Co-occurring cryptic species pose challenges for conservation: a case study of the African dwarf crocodile (Osteolaemusspp.) in Cameroon
Authors: Smolensky Nicole L. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe conservation status of threatened taxa may be obfuscated by the detection of cryptic species complexes, in both vertebrate and invertebrate species. African dwarf crocodiles (Osteolaemusspp.) are hunted throughout their range but their conservation status is unknown. Few population assessments have been carried out and there has been a taxonomic revision of the number of species in the genus. The similar morphologies ofOsteolaemus tetraspisandOsteolaemus osbornipose a challenge for conservation in Cameroon, where they are still managed as a single species. Nocturnal spotlight surveys were conducted in three regions during August–November 2010 and December 2011–February 2012 to provide population assessments ofO. tetraspisandO. osborniand raise awareness of the two species in Cameroon. The mean encounter rates ofO. tetraspisandO. osborniwere 1.02 ± SD 1.34 (65 individuals in 39 surveys) and 0.61 ± SD 0.38 (three in four surveys) crocodiles per km, respectively. TheO. tetraspispopulation comprised juveniles predominantly and had a male-biased sex ratio. The fewO. osbornidetected comprised both adults and juveniles. Both species are threatened in Cameroon, based on low encounter rates, young population structures and the threats of habitat loss and hunting pressure. This study provides distribution maps and serves as a baseline to quantify population trends and inform conservation strategies.
Philosophy In the Inter-War Period: A Memoir
Authors: Reid Louis Arnaud 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe following extracts come from a memoir of philosophical life between the wars and after, written in the 1970s by the Anglo-Scottish philosopher Louis Arnaud Reid (1895–1986).2 Today Reid is best known for his writings on aesthetics, and as the holder of the foundation chair in the philosophy of education at the University of London. Reid will also be familiar to those who have read A.J. Ayer's account of Ayer's appointment to the chair of philosophy at London, for Reid was the candidate strongly preferred by the philosophers on the selection committee.3 Reid regretted the rise of logical positivism in the later 1930s because it introduced a break with the earlier world of humane philosophical discourse.In these extracts, edited by his grandson, Reid begins by giving a sense of the breadth of topics covered in philosophical conferences in the 1920s, before sketching some of the characters involved. He mentions of course a number of figures still familiar to us, from Moore to Russell to Wittgenstein, but tries more generally to give an impression of a philosophical world which is now largely lost. These are themes he continues elsewhere in the book, where he discusses the people he knew at Edinburgh, Aberystwyth, Liverpool, Newcastle and London.
Prevalence of Leptospira antibodies in wild boars (Sus scrofa) from Northern Portugal: risk factor analysis
Authors: VALE-GONÇALVES H. M. , CABRAL J. A. , FARIA M. C. , NUNES-PEREIRA M. , FARIA A. S. , VELOSO O. , VIEIRA M. L. , PAIVA-CARDOSO Md. N. 
Published: December 2014

SUMMARYLeptospirosis is a zoonosis of worldwide distribution, caused by infection with pathogenic spirochaetes of the genus Leptospira. The wild boar (Sus scrofa), an important hunting species in Europe, seems to play a significant role in the epidemiological cycle of leptospirosis. A total of 101 serum samples from wild boar hunted in Northern Portugal were analysed for leptospiral antibodies detection by microscopic agglutination test. Sera were collected during hunting seasons (2011–2013) and tested with 17 different pathogenic serovars of Leptospira. Antibodies against nine serovars were detected in 66 (65·4%) of these sera. Serovars Tarassovi and Altodouro exhibited the highest seroreactivity rates (23·8% and 16·8%, respectively), followed by Autumnalis (7·9%) and Bratislava (6·9%). Age and district of origin were found to be risk factors for the presence of leptospiral antibodies in contrast to gender. From a One Health perspective, this study revealed that wild boar should be considered as a potential source of leptospirosis dissemination for humans and animal species (domestic and wild) in shared environments, particularly in the Trás-os-Montes region.
Previously diagnosed influenza infections and the risk of developing epilepsy
Authors: WILSON J. C. , TOOVEY S. , JICK S. S. , MEIER C. R. 
Published: December 2014

SUMMARYSeveral epidemiological studies suggest a possible involvement of viral infection in the development of epilepsy. While recent research from in vitro studies increasingly supports the role of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, little is known about the role of other viral infections such as influenza. Using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), we conducted a matched case-control analysis to assess the association between GP-diagnosed influenza infections and the risk of developing an incident diagnosis of epilepsy. During the study period 11 244 incident epilepsy cases and 44 976 matched control patients were identified. Prior exposure to influenza was reported in 7·5% of epilepsy cases and 6·7% of controls [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1·12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·03–1·22]. Prior history of ‘complicated influenza’, i.e. influenza associated with a possible super-infection, was associated with a slightly increased epilepsy risk (aOR 1·64, 95% CI 1·10–2·46), particularly if recorded within the 2 months preceding the epilepsy diagnosis (aOR 6·03, 95% CI 1·10–33·2). Our findings suggest that prior influenza exposure does not appear to materially alter the risk of developing epilepsy. By contrast, influenza episodes accompanied by complications were associated with a slightly increased epilepsy risk.