bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative Pain after Major Abdominal Surgery: Is It Gender Related? An Observational Prospective Study
Authors: Theodoraki Kassiani , Staikou Chryssoula , Fassoulaki Argyro 
Published: September 2013

AbstractObjectivesGender may be associated with postoperative pain. This study aimed to assess pain intensity and postoperative analgesic requirements in female and male patients scheduled for major abdominal surgery.MethodsSixty‐five patients, 31 men and 34 women, scheduled for major abdominal surgery were recruited. Anesthesia and intraoperative analgesics were standardized in all patients. Postoperatively, all patients had access to a 60 mL PCA pump containing 1 mg/mL morphine and 50 μg/mL droperidol. Morphine consumption and VAS scores at rest and after cough were recorded 2, 4, 8, 24, and 48 hours postoperatively.ResultsOf the 65 patients recruited for the study, 30 women and 30 men aged 65 ± 8.9 and 66 ± 9.0 years, respectively, were included in the analysis. Morphine consumption was examined 2, 4, 8, 24, and 48 hours after surgery and did not differ in women vs. men (mean ± standard deviation, 4.4 ± 3.2 vs. 5 ± 4.8, 7.2 ± 4.8 vs. 8.7 ± 6.9, 10.4 ± 7.1, vs. 12.5 ± 8.5, 22.9 ± 11.6 vs. 25.6 ± 14.5, and 36.2 ± 15.7 vs. 39.7 ± 21.7 mg, P = 0.384). Cumulative morphine consumption was not significantly different in women vs. men when normalized for body mass index (mean ± standard deviation, 0.17 ± 0.13, 0.28 ± 0.20, 0.40 ± 0.30, 0.88 ± 0.46, and 1.38 ± 0.59 mg/kg/m2 in women and 0.18 ± 0.18, 0.31 ± 0.25, 0.46 ± 0.32, 0.95 ± 0.54, and 1.47 ± 0.81 mg/kg/m2 in men at 2, 4, 8, 24, and 48 hours postoperatively (P = 0.567). Both genders exhibited similar VAS pain scores (mm) at rest and after cough (P = 0.476, P = 0.378, respectively).ConclusionsPostoperative morphine requirements did not differ between female and male patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Pain intensity reported at rest and after cough did not differ between the 2 groups.
Temporal Accuracy in Urban Growth Forecasting: A Study Using the SLEUTH Model
Authors: Chaudhuri Gargi , Clarke Keith C. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThis study attempts to establish multi‐temporal accuracy of the predicted maps produced by a land use change simulation model over time. Validation of the forecasted results is an essential part of predictive modeling and it becomes even more important when the models are used for decision making purposes. The present study uses a popular land use change model called SLEUTH to investigate the temporal trend of accuracy of the predicted maps. The study first investigates the trend of accuracy of the predicted maps from the immediate future to the distant future. Secondly, it investigates the impact of the prediction date range on the accuracy of the predicted maps. The objectives are tested for the city of Gorizia (Italy) using three sets of map comparison techniques, Kappa coefficients, Kappa Simulation and quantity disagreement and allocation disagreement. Results show that, in addition to the model's performance, the decrease in the accuracy of the predicted maps is dependent on factors such as urban history, uncertainty of input data and accuracy of reference maps.
Geocoding Large Population‐level Administrative Datasets at Highly Resolved Spatial Scales
Authors: Edwards Sharon E. , Strauss Benjamin , Miranda Marie Lynn 
Published: September 2013

AbstractUsing geographic information systems to link administrative databases with demographic, social, and environmental data allows researchers to use spatial approaches to explore relationships between exposures and health. Traditionally, spatial analysis in public health has focused on the county, ZIP code, or tract level because of limitations to geocoding at highly resolved scales. Using 2005 birth and death data from North Carolina, we examine our ability to geocode population‐level datasets at three spatial resolutions – zip code, street, and parcel. We achieve high geocoding rates at all three resolutions, with statewide street geocoding rates of 88.0% for births and 93.2% for deaths. We observe differences in geocoding rates across demographics and health outcomes, with lower geocoding rates in disadvantaged populations and the most dramatic differences occurring across the urban‐rural spectrum. Our results suggest that highly resolved spatial data architectures for population‐level datasets are viable through geocoding individual street addresses. We recommend routinely geocoding administrative datasets to the highest spatial resolution feasible, allowing public health researchers to choose the spatial resolution used in analysis based on an understanding of the spatial dimensions of the health outcomes and exposures being investigated. Such research, however, must acknowledge how disparate geocoding success across subpopulations may affect findings.
Neuropharmacological lesion localization in idiopathic Horner's syndrome in Golden Retrievers and dogs of other breeds
Authors: Simpson Katherine M. , Williams David L. , Cherubini Giunio B. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether idiopathic Horner's syndrome (HS) in Golden Retrievers is an exclusively preganglionic disorder based on denervation hypersensitivity pharmacological testing with phenylephrine.Animals StudiedMedical records of dogs presented with HS between 2000 and 2012. Dogs presented with additional ocular or systemic signs were excluded.ProceduresClinical data examined included age, sex, duration of clinical signs, ancillary diagnostic test results, and time to mydriasis on topical ocular application of 1% phenylephrine. Lesions were diagnosed as postganglionic (mydriasis within 20 min) or preganglionic (mydriasis between 20 and 45 min).ResultsMedical records of 21 dogs of nine different breeds were included. An etiopathogenesis for Horner's syndrome was determined in five dogs, none of which were Golden Retrievers. All diagnoses correlated with pharmacological lesion localization. Ten Golden Retrievers were included (eight male and two female) with a mean age of 8.5 years (range: 4–13). Lesion localization was diagnosed as postganglionic in eight (mean: 10 min [range: 6–18]) and preganglionic in two Golden Retrievers (20 and 24 min). All cases were unilateral and had completely resolved within 15 weeks (range: 11–20). Recurrence was not reported in any of the patients.ConclusionsIdiopathic postganglionic HS was diagnosed in eight of 10 Golden Retrievers contradicting previous reports of a purely preganglionic localization. Etiopathogenesis of canine idiopathic HS remains to be determined; nevertheless, a vascular etiology cannot be excluded. Future studies using magnetic resonance angiography may aid in clarifying the pathogenesis.
Integration of microwave tomography with magnetic resonance for improved breast imaging
Authors: Meaney Paul M. , Golnabi Amir H. , Epstein Neil R. , Geimer Shireen D. , Fanning Margaret W. , Weaver John B. , Paulsen Keith D. 
Published: September 2013

Purpose:Breast magnetic resonance imaging is highly sensitive but not very specific for the detection of breast cancer. Opportunities exist to supplement the image acquisition with a more specific modality provided the technical challenges of meeting space limitations inside the bore, restricted breast access, and electromagnetic compatibility requirements can be overcome. Magnetic resonance (MR) and microwave tomography (MT) are complementary and synergistic because the high resolution of MR is used to encode spatial priors on breast geometry and internal parenchymal features that have distinct electrical properties (i.e., fat vs fibroglandular tissue) for microwave tomography.Methods:The authors have overcome integration challenges associated with combining MT with MR to produce a new coregistered, multimodality breast imaging platform—magnetic resonance microwave tomography, including: substantial illumination tank size reduction specific to the confined MR bore diameter, minimization of metal content and composition, reduction of metal artifacts in the MR images, and suppression of unwanted MT multipath signals.Results:MR SNR exceeding 40 dB can be obtained. Proper filtering of MR signals reduces MT data degradation allowing MT SNR of 20 dB to be obtained, which is sufficient for image reconstruction. When MR spatial priors are incorporated into the recovery of MT property estimates, the errors between the recovered versus actual dielectric properties approach 5%.Conclusions:The phantom and human subject exams presented here are the first demonstration of combining MT with MR to improve the accuracy of the reconstructed MT images.
Investigating the feasibility of photon‐counting K‐edge imaging at high x‐ray fluxes using nonlinearity corrections
Authors: Rink Kristian , Oelfke Uwe , Fiederle Michael , Zuber Marcus , Koenig Thomas 
Published: September 2013

Purpose:Pulse pileup occurring at high x‐ray fluxes can severely degrade the energy resolution provided by a photon counting detector, which can represent a problem in spectroscopic CT when performing quantitative material discrimination tasks. As the effects of pileup can be most easily seen as a degradation of a detectorˈs count rate linearity at high fluxes, it has been proposed previously to quantify and correct these nonlinearities. While this strategy has been applied successfully to materials without K‐edges, it is currently unknown if this still prevails when using medical contrast agents. The purpose of this study is to close this gap.Methods:A Medipix2MXR Hexa detector was employed, featuring a pixel pitch of 165µm and a 1 mm thick CdTe sensor. A phantom containing various concentrations of iodine and gadolinium contrast agents was subject to energy selective CT acquisitions, using a pulsable x‐ray source operated at 70 kVp. These acquisitions were obtained at low and high photon fluxes of 1.0 × 106 and 1.3 × 107 mm−2 s−1, respectively. Nonlinearity corrections were applied to the high‐flux projections and for each pixel separately. The results were compared to the results at low photon fluxes.Results:At high fluxes, a general reduction of the reconstructed attenuation coefficients was observed, which could be partially recovered using the correction strategy applied. The spectroscopic separation of iodine from the phantom material, however, degraded with increasing x‐ray flux. In contrast to this, gadolinium could still be discriminated almost as well as in the low flux case.Conclusions:Nonlinearity corrections applied to high flux measurements can help to recover attenuation coefficients normally obtained at low fluxes for low‐Z materials, which do not exhibit an absorption edge in the relevant energy range. However, as a result of a significant change of the x‐ray spectrum, the spectroscopic contrast normally observed for iodine was found to vanish with increasing x‐ray flux. In other words, the authorsˈ results indicate that nonlinearity corrections may be feasible only when the K‐edge of interest is sufficiently high compared to the mean photon energy, and that spectroscopic CT at high x‐ray fluxes may suffer from less limitations when using high‐Z materials as contrast agents. A future study should aim to confirm these findings under clinical conditions.
Piliation of Invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates in the Era before Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Introduction in Malawi
Authors: Kulohoma Benard W. , Gray Katherine , Kamng'ona Arox , Cornick Jennifer , Bentley Stephen D. , Heyderman Robert S. , Everett Dean B. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

The pneumococcal pilus has been shown to be an important determinant of adhesion and virulence in mouse models of colonization, pneumonia, and bacteremia. A pilus is capable of inducing protective immunity, supporting its inclusion in next-generation pneumococcal protein vaccine formulations. Whether this vaccine target is common among pneumococci in sub-Saharan Africa is uncertain. To define the prevalence and genetic diversity of type I and II pili among invasive pneumococci in Malawi prior to the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) into routine childhood immunization, we examined 188
Streptococcus pneumoniae
isolates collected between 2002 and 2008 (17% serotype 1). In this region of high disease burden, we found a low frequency of invasive piliated pneumococci (14%) and pilus gene sequence diversity similar to that seen previously in multiple global pneumococcal lineages. All common serotypes with pilus were covered by PCV13 and so we predict that pilus prevalence will be reduced in the Malawian pneumococcal population after PCV13 introduction.
Exercise and Sleep Deprivation Do Not Change Cytokine Expression Levels in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Authors: Nakamura Toru , Schwander Stephan , Donnelly Robert , Cook Dane B. , Ortega Felix , Togo Fumiharu , Yamamoto Yoshiharu , Cherniack Neil S. , Klapholz Marc , Rapoport David , Natelson Benjamin H. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT
A major hypothesis regarding the cause of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is immune dysregulation, thought to be reflected in upregulated proinflammatory cytokines leading to the symptoms that are characteristic of this illness. Because the symptoms worsen with physical exertion or sleep loss, we hypothesized that we could use these stressors to magnify the underlying potential pathogenic abnormalities in the cytokine systems of people with CFS. We conducted repeat blood sampling for cytokine levels from healthy subjects and CFS patients during both postexercise and total sleep deprivation nights and assayed for protein levels in the blood samples, mRNA activity in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs), and function in resting and stimulated PBLs. We found that these environmental manipulations did not produce clinically significant upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines. These data do not support an important role of immune dysregulation in the genesis of stress-induced worsening of CFS.
High Similarity of Novel Orthoreovirus Detected in a Child Hospitalized with Acute Gastroenteritis to Mammalian Orthoreoviruses Found in Bats in Europe
Authors: Steyer Andrej , Gutiérrez-Aguire Ion , Kolenc Marko , Koren Simon , Kutnjak Denis , Pokorn Marko , Poljšak-Prijatelj Mateja , Rački Nejc , Ravnikar Maja , Sagadin Martin , Fratnik Steyer Adela , Toplak Nataša 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT
Mammalian orthoreoviruses (MRVs) are known to cause mild enteric and respiratory infections in humans. They are widespread and infect a broad spectrum of mammals. We report here the first case of an MRV detected in a child with acute gastroenteritis, which showed the highest similarity to an MRV reported recently in European bats. An examination of a stool sample from the child was negative for most common viral and bacterial pathogens. Reovirus particles were identified by electron microscopic examination of both the stool suspension and cell culture supernatant. The whole-genome sequence was obtained with the Ion Torrent next-generation sequencing platform. Prior to sequencing, the stool sample suspension and cell culture supernatant were pretreated with nucleases and/or the convective interaction medium (CIM) monolithic chromatographic method to purify and concentrate the target viral nucleic acid. Whole-genome sequence analysis revealed that the Slovenian SI-MRV01 isolate was most similar to an MRV found in a bat in Germany. High similarity was shared in all genome segments, with nucleotide and amino acid identities between 93.8 to 99.0% and 98.4 to 99.7%, respectively. It was shown that CIM monolithic chromatography alone is an efficient method for enriching the sample in viral particles before nucleic acid isolation and next-generation sequencing application.
Splenic Abscess Caused by Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus as Presentation of a Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Su Yanli , Miao Bin , Wang Hong , Wang Chao , Zhang Shuwen 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

Splenic abscesses caused by
Streptococcus bovis
are rarely reported in the literature and are mainly seen in patients with endocarditis and associated colonic neoplasia/carcinoma. We report the first case of splenic abscess caused by
Streptococcus gallolyticus
subsp.
pasteurianus
(
Streptococcus bovis
biotype II/2) as presentation of a pancreatic cancer.
Conjunctivitis Caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolates with Reduced Cephalosporin Susceptibility and Multidrug Resistance
Authors: Suzuki Takashi , Kitagawa Yutaka , Maruyama Yosuke , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Sakane Yuri , Miyamoto Hitoshi , Ohashi Yuichi 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

We report two cases of conjunctivitis caused by
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
with reduced cephalosporin susceptibility. Patients showed no response to cefmenoxime eye drops and intravenous ceftriaxone administration. The patients' condition improved after the addition of oral minocycline. The isolates contained the mosaic
penA
for reduction of β-lactam susceptibility.
Publisher's Expression of Concern: Geographical Differences Associated with SNPs in Nine Gene Targets among Resistant Clinical Isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors:   The American Society for Microbiology
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

The American Society for Microbiology (ASM) and the
Journal of Clinical Microbiology
(JCM) are issuing this Expression of Concern to alert readers to questions about the ownership of the data in the following publication:

IMPORTANCE
M. Hoshide, L. Qian, C. Rodrigues, R. Warren, T. Victor, H. B. Evasco II, T. Tupasi, V. Crudu, and J. T. Douglas. Geographic Differences Associated with SNPs in Nine Gene Targets among Resistant Clinical Isolates of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
. J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:
10.1128/JCM.00857-13
.

IMPORTANCE
JCM has been notified that substantial portions of the data presented in the manuscript were derived from results of a multicenter study centered at the University of California in San Diego (UCSD) and funded by the National Institutes of Health, and that the manuscript by Hoshide et al. was submitted for publication without prior approval of the UCSD study center. This matter is now under discussion by the University of Hawaii, Dr. Douglas's institution, and UCSD. Pending resolution of the questions raised regarding the right of the authors to publish these data, JCM has placed publication of the final version of the manuscript on hold. It should be noted that, according to ASM policies prohibiting duplicate publication, while the Hoshide et al. manuscript remains published, JCM cannot consider papers from other participants in the multicenter study if they include essentially the same data.
Nucleolin Interacts with the Dengue Virus Capsid Protein and Plays a Role in Formation of Infectious Virus Particles
Authors: Balinsky Corey A. , Schmeisser Hana , Ganesan Sundar , Singh Kavita , Pierson Theodore C. , Zoon Kathryn C. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT
Dengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-transmitted flavivirus that can cause severe disease in humans and is considered a reemerging pathogen of significant importance to public health. The DENV capsid (C) protein functions as a structural component of the infectious virion; however, it may have additional functions in the virus replicative cycle. Here, we show that the DENV C protein interacts and colocalizes with the multifunctional host protein nucleolin (NCL). Furthermore, we demonstrate that this interaction can be disrupted by the addition of an NCL binding aptamer (AS1411). Knockdown of NCL with small interfering RNA (siRNA) or treatment of cells with AS1411 results in a significant reduction of viral titers after DENV infection. Western blotting and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed no differences in viral RNA or protein levels at early time points postinfection, suggesting a role for NCL in viral morphogenesis. We support this hypothesis by showing that treatment with AS1411 alters the migration characteristics of the viral capsid, as visualized by native electrophoresis. Here, we identify a critical interaction between DENV C protein and NCL that represents a potential new target for the development of antiviral therapeutics.
Differing Epidemiological Dynamics of Influenza B Virus Lineages in Guangzhou, Southern China, 2009-2010
Authors: Tan Yi , Guan Wenda , Lam Tommy Tsan-Yuk , Pan Sihua , Wu Shiguan , Zhan Yangqing , Viboud Cecile , Holmes Edward C. , Yang Zifeng 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT
The epidemiological and evolutionary dynamics of the two cocirculating lineages of influenza B virus, Victoria and Yamagata, are poorly understood, especially in tropical or subtropical areas of Southeast Asia. We performed a phylogenetic analysis of the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) sequences of influenza B viruses isolated in Guangzhou, a southern Chinese city, during 2009 to 2010 and compared the demographic and clinical features of infected patients. We identified multiple viral introductions of Victoria strains from both Chinese and international sources, which formed two phylogenetically and antigenically distinct clades (Victoria 1 and 2), some of which persisted between seasons. We identified one dominant Yamagata introduction from outside China during 2009. Our phylogenetic analysis reveals the occurrence of reassortment events among the Victoria and Yamagata lineages and also within the Victoria lineage. We found no significant difference in clinical severity by influenza B lineage, with the exceptions that (i) the Yamagata lineage infected older people than either Victoria lineage and (ii) fewer upper respiratory tract infections were caused by the Victoria 2 than the Victoria 1 clade. Overall, our study reveals the complex epidemiological dynamics of different influenza B lineages within a single geographic locality and has implications for vaccination policy in southern China.
White Spot Syndrome Virus IE1 and WSV056 Modulate the G
1
/S Transition by Binding to the Host Retinoblastoma Protein
Authors: Ran Xiaozhuo , Bian Xiaofang , Ji Yongchang , Yan Xiumin , Yang Feng , Li Fang 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

DNA viruses often target cellular proteins to modulate host cell cycles and facilitate viral genome replication. However, whether proliferation of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) requires regulation of the host cell cycle remains unclear. In the present study, we show that two WSSV paralogs, IE1 and WSV056, can interact with
Litopenaeus vannamei
retinoblastoma (Rb)-like protein (lv-RBL) through the conserved LxCxE motif. Further investigation revealed that IE1 and WSV056 could also bind to
Drosophila
retinoblastoma family protein 1 (RBF1) in a manner similar to how they bind to lv-RBL. Using the
Drosophila
RBF-E2F pathway as a model system, we demonstrated that both IE1 and WSV056 could sequester RBF1 from
Drosophila
E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) and subsequently activate E2F1 to stimulate the G
1
/S transition. Our findings provide the first evidence that WSSV may regulate cell cycle progression by targeting the Rb-E2F pathway.