bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building a flexible, voluntary donation panel: an exploration of donor willingness
Authors: Bagot Kathleen L. , Masser Barbara M. , Starfelt Louise C. , White Katherine M. 
Published: September 2015

BACKGROUNDAs blood collection agencies (BCAs) face recurrent shortages of varying blood products, developing a panel comprising donors who are flexible in the product they donate based on same‐time inventory demand could be an efficient, cost‐effective inventory management strategy. Accounting for prior whole blood (WB) and plasmapheresis donation experience, this article explores current donors’ willingness to change their donation product and identifies the type of information required for such donation flexibility.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSTelephone interviews (mean, 34 min; SD, 11 min) were conducted with 60 donors recruited via stratified purposive sampling representing six donor groups: no plasma, new to both WB and plasma, new to plasma, plasma, flexible (i.e., alternating between WB and plasma), and maximum (i.e., high frequency alternating between WB and plasma) donors. Participants responded to hypothetical scenarios and open‐ended questions relating to their and other donors’ willingness to be flexible. Responses were transcribed and content was analyzed.RESULTSThe most frequently endorsed categories varied between donor groups with more prominent differences emerging between the information and support that donors desired for themselves versus that for others. Most donors were willing to change donations but sought improved donation logistics and information regarding inventory levels to encourage flexibility. The factors perceived to facilitate the flexibility of other donors included providing donor‐specific information and information regarding different donation types.CONCLUSIONRegardless of donation history, donors are willing to be flexible with their donations. To foster a flexible donor panel, BCAs should continue to streamline the donation process and provide information relevant to donors’ experience.
Discussing State‐of‐the‐Art Spatial Visualization Techniques Applicable for the Epidemiological Surveillance Data on the Example of Campylobacter spp. in Raw Chicken Meat
Authors: Plaza‐Rodríguez C. , Appel B. , Kaesbohrer A. , Filter M. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryWithin the European activities for the ‘Monitoring and Collection of Information on Zoonoses’, annually EFSA publishes a European report, including information related to the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in Germany. Spatial epidemiology becomes here a fundamental tool for the generation of these reports, including the representation of prevalence as an essential element. Until now, choropleth maps are the default visualization technique applied in epidemiological monitoring and surveillance reports made by EFSA and German authorities. However, due to its limitations, it seems to be reasonable to explore alternative chart type. Four maps including choropleth, cartogram, graduated symbols and dot‐density maps were created to visualize real‐world sample data on the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in raw chicken meat samples in Germany in 2011. In addition, adjacent and coincident maps were created to visualize also the associated uncertainty. As an outcome, we found that there is not a single data visualization technique that encompasses all the necessary features to visualize prevalence data alone or prevalence data together with their associated uncertainty. All the visualization techniques contemplated in this study demonstrated to have both advantages and disadvantages. To determine which visualization technique should be used for future reports, we recommend to create a dialogue between end‐users and epidemiologists on the basis of sample data and charts. The final decision should also consider the knowledge and experience of end‐users as well as the specific objective to be achieved with the charts.
Use of a physiological profile to document motor impairment in ageing and in clinical groups
Authors: Lord S. R. , Delbaere K. , Gandevia S. C. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAgeing decreases exercise performance and is frequently accompanied by reductions in cognitive performance. Deterioration in the physiological capacity to stand, locomote and exercise can manifest itself as falling over and represents a significant deterioration in sensorimotor control. In the elderly, falling leads to serious morbidity and mortality with major societal costs. Measurement of a suite of physiological capacities that are required for successful motor performance (including vision, muscle strength, proprioception and balance) has been used to produce a physiological profile assessment (PPA) which has been tracked over the age spectrum and in different diseases (e.g. multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease). As well as measures of specific physiological capacities, the PPA generates an overall ‘score’ which quantitatively measures an individual's cumulative risk of falling. The present review collates data from the PPA (and the physiological capacities it measures) as well as its use in strategies to reduce falls in the elderly and those with different diseases. We emphasise that (i) motor impairment arises via reductions in a wide range of sensorimotor abilities; (ii) the PPA approach not only gives a snapshot of the physiological capacity of an individual, but it also gives insight into the deficits among groups of individuals with particular diseases; and (iii) deficits in seemingly restricted and disparate physiological domains (e.g. vision, strength, cognition) are funnelled into impairments in tasks requiring upright balance. Motor impairments become more prevalent with ageing but careful physiological measurement and appropriate interventions offer a way to maximise health across the lifespan.
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Investigation on the Effect of Carbon Nanotubes Concentration on the Electrical and Rheological Properties of PP/MWCNTs Composites
Authors: Stan Felicia , Sandu Laurentiu , Fetecau Catalin 
Published: September 2015

The objective of this paper was to investigate the electrical and rheological behaviors of polypropylene (PP) filled with 1.0, 3.0 and 5.0 wt.-% multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The flow behavior was analyzed in terms of the melt flow index measured at temperatures relevant for the injection molding process and the flow activation energy was calculated using an Arrhenius type equation. The electrical behavior of PP/MWCNTs composites was examined by DC resistance measurements on injection molded samples.
The experimental results have shown that the incorporation of MWCNTs effectively enhances the electrical conductivity of the injection molded PP/MWCNTs composites. The composites under analysis can be classified as semi-conductors with the conducting network arranged in 4 dimensions, i.e. the critical exponent of the power-law dependence of the conductivity on the wt.-% MWCNTs is 2.37. The increased conductivity is explained by the orientation of the MWCNTs along the melt flow and the increased nanotubes-to-nanotubes contact after the formation of the percolation network.
In Vitro
Culture of Previously Uncultured Oral Bacterial Phylotypes
Authors: Thompson Hayley , Rybalka Alexandra , Moazzez Rebecca , Dewhirst Floyd E. , Wade William G. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT

Around a third of oral bacteria cannot be grown using conventional bacteriological culture media. Community profiling targeting 16S rRNA and shotgun metagenomics methods have proved valuable in revealing the complexity of the oral bacterial community. Studies investigating the role of oral bacteria in health and disease require phenotypic characterizations that are possible only with live cultures. The aim of this study was to develop novel culture media and use an
in vitro
biofilm model to culture previously uncultured oral bacteria. Subgingival plaque samples collected from subjects with periodontitis were cultured on complex mucin-containing agar plates supplemented with proteose peptone (PPA), beef extract (BEA), or Gelysate (GA) as well as on fastidious anaerobe agar plus 5% horse blood (FAA).
In vitro
biofilms inoculated with the subgingival plaque samples and proteose peptone broth (PPB) as the growth medium were established using the Calgary biofilm device. Specific PCR primers were designed and validated for the previously uncultivated oral taxa
Bacteroidetes
bacteria HOT 365 and HOT 281,
Lachnospiraceae
bacteria HOT 100 and HOT 500, and
Clostridiales
bacterium HOT 093. All agar media were able to support the growth of 10 reference strains of oral bacteria. One previously uncultivated phylotype,
Actinomyces
sp. HOT 525, was cultivated on FAA. Of 93 previously uncultivated phylotypes found in the inocula, 26 were detected in
in vitro
-cultivated biofilms.
Lachnospiraceae
bacterium HOT 500 was successfully cultured from biofilm material harvested from PPA plates in coculture with
Parvimonas micra
or
Veillonella dispar
/
parvula
after colony hybridization-directed enrichment. The establishment of
in vitro
biofilms from oral inocula enables the cultivation of previously uncultured oral bacteria and provides source material for isolation in coculture.
The ABCs of Candida albicans Multidrug Transporter Cdr1
Authors: Prasad Rajendra , Banerjee Atanu , Khandelwal Nitesh Kumar , Dhamgaye Sanjiveeni 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT

In the light of multidrug resistance (MDR) among pathogenic microbes and cancer cells, membrane transporters have gained profound clinical significance. Chemotherapeutic failure, by far, has been attributed mainly to the robust and diverse array of these proteins, which are omnipresent in every stratum of the living world.
Candida albicans
, one of the major fungal pathogens affecting immunocompromised patients, also develops MDR during the course of chemotherapy. The pivotal membrane transporters that
C. albicans
has exploited as one of the strategies to develop MDR belongs to either the ATP binding cassette (ABC) or the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) class of proteins. The ABC transporter
Candida
drug resistance 1 protein (Cdr1p) is a major player among these transporters that enables the pathogen to outplay the battery of antifungals encountered by it. The promiscuous Cdr1 protein fulfills the quintessential need of a model to study molecular mechanisms of multidrug transporter regulation and structure-function analyses of asymmetric ABC transporters. In this review, we cover the highlights of two decades of research on Cdr1p that has provided a platform to study its structure-function relationships and regulatory circuitry for a better understanding of MDR not only in yeast but also in other organisms.
Complete Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Phage vB_PaeM_CEB_DP1
Authors: Pires Diana P. , Sillankorva Sanna , Kropinski Andrew M. , Lu Timothy K. , Azeredo Joana 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT

vB_PaeM_CEB_DP1 is a
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
bacteriophage (phage) belonging to the
Pbunalikevirus
genus of the
Myoviridae
family of phages. It was isolated from hospital sewage. vB_PaeM_CEB_DP1 is a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) phage, with a genome of 66,158 bp, containing 89 predicted open reading frames.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Bacillus
sp. FJAT-27238 for Setting up Phylogenomic Analysis of Genomic Taxonomy of
Bacillus
-Like Bacteria
Authors: Liu Guo-hong , Liu Bo , Wang Jie-ping , Che Jian-Mei , Chen Qian-Qian , Zhu Yu-Jing 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT

Bacillus
sp. FJAT-27238 is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, and aerobic bacterium. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Bacillus
sp. FJAT-27238, with 6,134,829 bp, which will provide useful information for setting up phylogenomic analysis of the genomic taxonomy of
Bacillus
-like bacteria as well as for the functional gene mining and application of strain FJAT-27238. The genomic DNA G+C content was 47.37%.
Draft Genome Sequence and Gene Annotation ofStemphylium lycopersiciStrain CIDEFI-216
Authors: Franco Mario E. E. , López Silvina , Medina Rocio , Saparrat Mario C. N. , Balatti Pedro 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTStemphylium lycopersiciis a plant-pathogenic fungus that is widely distributed throughout the world. In tomatoes, it is one of the etiological agents of gray leaf spot disease. Here, we report the first draft genome sequence ofS. lycopersici, including its gene structure and functional annotation.
Draft Genome Sequence of Acetobacterium bakii DSM 8239, a Potential Psychrophilic Chemical Producer through Syngas Fermentation
Authors: Hwang Soonkyu , Song Yoseb , Cho Byung-Kwan 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT

Acetobacterium bakii
DSM 8239 is an anaerobic, psychrophilic, and chemolithoautotrophic bacterium that is a potential platform for producing commodity chemicals from syngas fermentation. We report here the draft genome sequence of
A. bakii
DSM 8239 (4.14 Mb) to elucidate its physiological and metabolic properties related to syngas fermentation.
The association between maternal perceptions of own weight status and weight status of her child: results from a national cohort study
Authors: Dowd Kieran P , Kirwan Robert P , Hannigan Ailish , Purtill Helen , O'Gorman Clodagh S 
Published: September 2015

ObjectivesTo examine the relationship between maternal self-reported and measured height and weight, maternal perceived weight status and measured body mass index (BMI), and maternal perceived child weight status and measured child BMI.Setting and designPopulation-representative National Longitudinal Study of Children Growing Up in Ireland.MethodsHeight and weight of 7655 mothers and their 9-year-old children were objectively measured using standard measurement techniques. Mothers’ perceptions of their own weight status and the weight status of their child were reported. The association between accurate perceptions of the mother for herself and her child was tested.ResultsMothers overestimated their height by a mean of 0.5 cm (SD=2.9), underestimated their weight by a mean of 1.4 kg (SD=3.8), consequently underestimating their BMI by a mean of 0.6 kg/m2(SD=1.7). The majority (60%) of obese mothers correctly categorised their own weight status. Only 17% of mothers of obese children correctly categorised the weight status of their child. Overweight/obese mothers who correctly categorised their own weight status were more likely to correctly categorise their overweight/obese child compared with those who incorrectly categorised their own weight status (44% vs 23%, 95% CI for difference 13% to 28%, p<0.001 for girls; 37% vs 27%, 95% CI 2% to 18%, p=0.02 for boys; significantly greater difference for girls compared with boys, p=0.04).ConclusionsMaternal perceptions of their own weight status tend to be more accurate than maternal perceptions of their overweight or obese child. Overweight/obese mothers who correctly categorised their own weight status were more likely to correctly categorise their overweight/obese child.
Bridging gaps to promote networked care between teams and groups in health delivery systems: a systematic review of non-health literature
Authors: Braithwaite Jeffrey 
Published: September 2015

ObjectivesTo assess non-health literature, identify key strategies in promoting more networked teams and groups, apply external ideas to healthcare, and build a model based on these strategies.DesignA systematic review of the literature outside of healthcare.MethodSearches guided by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) of ABI/INFORM Global, CINAHL, IBSS, MEDLINE and Psychinfo databases following a mind-mapping exercise generating key terms centred on the core construct of gaps across organisational social structures that uncovered 842 empirical articles of which 116 met the inclusion criteria. Data extraction and content analysis via data mining techniques were performed on these articles.ResultsThe research involved subjects in 40 countries, with 32 studies enrolling participants in multiple countries. There were 40 studies conducted wholly or partly in the USA, 46 wholly or partly in continental Europe, 29 wholly or partly in Asia and 12 wholly or partly in Russia or Russian federated countries. Methods employed included 30 mixed or triangulated social science study designs, 39 qualitative studies, 13 experimental studies and 34 questionnaire-based studies, where the latter was mostly to gather data for social network analyses. Four recurring factors underpin a model for promoting networked behaviours and fortifying cross-group cooperation: appreciating the characteristics andnature of gapsbetween groups; using the leverage ofboundary-spannersto bridge two or more groups; applying various mechanisms to stimulateinteractive relationships; and mobilising those who can exert positiveexternal influencesto promote connections while minimising the impact of those who exacerbate divides.ConclusionsThe literature assessed is rich and varied. An evidence-oriented model and strategies for promoting more networked systems are now available for application to healthcare. While caution needs to be exercised in translating outside ideas and studies, drawing on non-health ideas is useful in providing insights into other sectors.
Preadmission glucocorticoid use and anastomotic leakage after colon and rectal cancer resections: a Danish cohort study
Authors: Ostenfeld Eva Bjerre , Erichsen Rune , Baron John A , Thorlacius-Ussing Ole , Iversen Lene Hjerrild , Riis Anders H , Sørensen Henrik Toft 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveTo examine whether preadmission glucocorticoid use increases the risk of anastomotic leakage after colon and rectal cancer resections.DesignA population-based cohort study.SettingDenmark (2001–2011).ParticipantsWe identified patients who had undergone a primary anastomosis after a colorectal cancer resection by linking medical registries. Participants who filled their most recent glucocorticoid prescription ≤90, 91–365 and >365 days before their surgery date were categorised as current, recent and former users, respectively.Main outcome measuresWe calculated 30-day absolute risk of anastomotic leakage and computed ORs using logistic regression models with adjustment for potential confounders.ResultsOf the 18 190 patients with colon cancer, anastomotic leakage occurred in 1184 (6.5%). Glucocorticoid use overall was not associated with an increased risk of leakage (6.4% vs 6.9% among never-users; OR 1.05; 95% CI 0.89 to 1.23). Categories of oral, inhaled or intestinal-acting glucocorticoids did not greatly affect risk of leakage. Anastomotic leakage occurred in 695 (13.2%) of 5284 patients with rectal cancer. Glucocorticoid use overall slightly increased risk of leakage (14.6% vs 12.8% among never-users; OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.72). Results did not differ significantly within glucocorticoid categories.ConclusionsPreadmission glucocorticoids modestly increased the risk of anastomotic leakage mainly after rectal cancer resection. However, absolute risk differences were small and the clinical impact of glucocorticoid use may therefore be limited.
Global, regional and national consumption of major food groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis including 266 country-specific nutrition surveys worldwide
Authors: Micha Renata , Khatibzadeh Shahab , Shi Peilin , Andrews Kathryn G , Engell Rebecca E , Mozaffarian Dariush 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveTo quantify global intakes of key foods related to non-communicable diseases in adults by region (n=21), country (n=187), age and sex, in 1990 and 2010.DesignWe searched and obtained individual-level intake data in 16 age/sex groups worldwide from 266 surveys across 113 countries. We combined these data with food balance sheets available in all nations and years. A hierarchical Bayesian model estimated mean food intake and associated uncertainty for each age-sex-country-year stratum, accounting for differences in intakes versus availability, survey methods and representativeness, and sampling and modelling uncertainty.Setting/populationGlobal adult population, by age, sex, country and time.ResultsIn 2010, global fruit intake was 81.3 g/day (95% uncertainty interval 78.9–83.7), with country-specific intakes ranging from 19.2–325.1 g/day; in only 2 countries (representing 0.4% of the world's population), mean intakes met recommended targets of ≥300 g/day. Country-specific vegetable intake ranged from 34.6–493.1 g/day (global mean=208.8 g/day); corresponding values for nuts/seeds were 0.2–152.7 g/day (8.9 g/day); for whole grains, 1.3–334.3 g/day (38.4 g/day); for seafood, 6.0–87.6 g/day (27.9 g/day); for red meats, 3.0–124.2 g/day (41.8 g/day); and for processed meats, 2.5–66.1 g/day (13.7 g/day). Mean national intakes met recommended targets in countries representing 0.4% of the global population for vegetables (≥400 g/day); 9.6% for nuts/seeds (≥4 (28.35 g) servings/week); 7.6% for whole grains (≥2.5 (50 g) servings/day); 4.4% for seafood (≥3.5 (100 g) servings/week); 20.3% for red meats (≤1 (100 g) serving/week); and 38.5% for processed meats (≤1 (50 g) serving/week). Intakes of healthful foods were generally higher and of less healthful foods generally lower at older ages. Intakes were generally similar by sex. Vegetable, seafood and processed meat intakes were stable over time; fruits, nuts/seeds and red meat, increased; and whole grains, decreased.ConclusionsThese global dietary data by nation, age and sex identify key challenges and opportunities for optimising diets, informing policies and priorities for improving global health.
Comparison of health outcomes between hospitalised and non-hospitalised persons with minor injuries sustained in a road traffic crash in Australia: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Gopinath Bamini , Jagnoor Jagnoor , Harris Ian A , Nicholas Michael , Maher Christopher G , Casey Petrina , Blyth Fiona , Sindhusake Doungkamol , Cameron Ian D 
Published: September 2015

ObjectivesThis prospective cohort study aimed to investigate whether there are differences in health outcomes among persons with mild or moderate injuries who were hospitalised compared with those not hospitalised following a road traffic crash.SettingSydney Metropolitan, New South Wales, Australia.ParticipantsPersons aged ≥18 years involved in a motor vehicle crash were surveyed at baseline (n=364), and at 12 (n=284) and 24 months (n=252). A telephone-administered questionnaire obtained information on a range of socioeconomic, and preinjury and postinjury psychological and heath characteristics of all participants.Primary outcome measureParticipants who reported admission to hospital for 24 h or more (but less than 7 days) after the crash were classified as being hospitalised; those admitted for less than 24 h were classified as non-hospitalised.ResultsAround 1 in 5 participants (19.0%) were hospitalised for ≥24 h after the crash. After adjusting for age and sex, hospitalised participants compared with those not hospitalised had approximately 2.6 units (p=0.01) lower Short Form-12 Physical Component Summary (SF-12 PCS) scores (poorer physical well-being) and approximately 4.9 units lower European Quality of Life visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) scores (p=0.05), 12 months later. After further adjusting for education level, whiplash, fracture and injury severity score, participants who were hospitalised had approximately 3.3 units lower SF-12 PCS (p=0.04), 12 months later. The association with EQ-VAS did not persist after multivariable adjustment. No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups in health outcomes at 24-month follow-up.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that long-term health status is unlikely to be influenced by hospitalisation status after sustaining a mild/moderate injury in a vehicle-related crash.