bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abundance and Richness of Cryptic Species of theWillistoniGroup ofDrosophila(Diptera: Drosophilidae) in the Biomes Caatinga and Atlantic Forest, Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Garcia Ana Cristina Lauer , Silva Diva Maria Izabel De Oliveira , Monteiro Amanda Gabriela Felix , Oliveira Geórgia Fernanda , Montes Martín Alejandro , Rohde Cláudia 
Published: August 2014

AbstractCryptic species meet the biological definition of species, but are morphologically identical or quite similar. Several ecological studies underestimate richness and neglect important information on cryptic species, as they are rather difficult to identify. Among insects, drosophilids of the willistoni subgroup, which includes Drosophila willistoni Sturtevant, Drosophila paulistorum Dobzhansky & Pavan, Drosophila equinoxialis Dobzhansky, Drosophila tropicalis Burla & da Cunha, Drosophila insularis Dobzhansky, and Drosophila pavlovskiana Kastritsis & Dobzhansky, are good examples of cryptic species. Although several studies have shown that this subgroup is one of the most abundant in the Neotropical region, no identification to species level has been reported for areas where these individuals live in sympatry. This study evaluates the seasonal oscillations in abundance of this subgroup in biomes with contrasting vegetation and rainfall regimes: the Caatinga and the Atlantic Forest, in northeastern Brazil. Approximately 39,000 drosophilids were captured in 24 collections, of which 18,000 belonged to the willistoni subgroup. The most abundant were D. willistoni, D. paulistorum, and D. equinoxialis, in this order. D. equinoxialis was recorded in only one of the environments surveyed, represented by few individuals. In all environments, individuals of the willistoni subgroup were more abundant in the rainy season, when richness often was higher. The results underline the importance of humidity and of temperature for the subgroup willistoni and indicate the ecological versatility of some of its species.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation as a Bridge to Chemotherapy in an Orthodox Jewish Patient
Authors: Meltzer Ellen C. , Ivascu Natalia S. , Acres Cathleen A. , Stark Meredith , Furman Richard R. , Fins Joseph J. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractObjective.Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) for cardiopulmonary support offers survival possibilities to patients who otherwise would succumb to cardiac failure. Often referred to as “a bridge to recovery,” involving a ventricular assist device or cardiac transplantation, this technology only affords temporary cardiopulmonary support. Physicians may have concerns about initiating VA-ECMO in patients who, in the absence of recovery or transfer to longer-term therapies, might assert religious or cultural objections to the terminal discontinuation of life-sustaining therapy (LST). We present a novel case of VA-ECMO use in an Orthodox Jewish woman with potentially curable lymphoma encasing her heart to demonstrate the value of anticipating and preemptively resolving foreseeable disputes.Patient.A 40-year-old Hasidic Orthodox Jewish woman with lymphoma encasing her right and left ventricles decompensated from heart failure before chemotherapy induction. The medical team, at an academic medical center in New York City, proposed VA-ECMO as a means for providing cardiopulmonary support to enable receipt of chemotherapy. Owing to the patient's religious tradition, which customarily prohibits terminal discontinuation of LST, clinical staff asked for an ethics consultation to plan for initiation and discontinuation of VA-ECMO.Interventions.Meetings were held with the treating clinicians, clinical ethics consultants, family, religious leaders, and cultural liaisons. Through a deliberative process, VA-ECMO was reconceptualized as a bridge to treatment and not as an LST, a designation assigned to the chemotherapy on this occasion, given the mortal threat posed by the encasing tumor.Conclusion.Traditional religious objections to the terminal discontinuation of LST need not preclude initiation of VA-ECMO. The potential for disputes should be anticipated and steps taken to preemptively address such conflicts. The reconceptualization of VA-ECMO as a bridge to treatment, rather than as an LST, can allow patients with objections to the terminal discontinuation of LST to receive interventions, such as chemotherapy, that might otherwise be precluded by critical physiology.
Feasibility and Effectiveness of a Community-Based Smoking Cessation Intervention in a Racially Diverse, Urban Smoker Cohort
Authors: Asvat Yasmin , Cao Dingcai , Africk Joel J. , Matthews Alicia , King Andrea 
Published: August 2014

Objectives. We evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness, in addition to the effects of a psychoeducation-based orientation on smoking cessation knowledge for Courage to Quit (CTQ), an evidence-based smoking cessation intervention disseminated to racially diverse, urban community sites in Chicago, Illinois.Methods. Smokers (n = 1494; 55% African American) enrolled in 6-session full (n = 945) or 3-session short (n = 549) versions of CTQ in 2008 to 2012.Results. Orientation improved knowledge of efficacious and nonefficacious treatments. Acceptability was outstanding: more than 90% of participants would recommend CTQ. Feasibility was good: completion rates were 53% in the full and 75% in the short programs. Intent-to-treat quit rates were 19% in the full and 17% in the short programs (completer quit rates were 36% and 22%, respectively). Among completers, smoking cessation medication use was associated with higher quit rates. There were no racial disparities: African Americans and Whites showed similar completion and quit rates. Predictors of successful quitting were higher readiness to quit and smoking cessation medication use.Conclusions. CTQ is moderately successful in the short term as delivered in community-based settings for urban-dwelling, largely minority smokers. Further evaluation of longer-term outcomes and cost effectiveness is warranted.
Asian American and Pacific Islander Military Veterans in the United States: Health Service Use and Perceived Barriers to Mental Health Services
Authors: Tsai Jack , Whealin Julia M. , Pietrzak Robert H. 
Published: August 2014

Objectives. We (1) compared use of various health services nationally between Asian American and Pacific Islander (AA/PI) veterans and veterans of other racial/ethnic groups and (2) specifically compared perceived barriers and stigma related to mental health services. Methods. Using bivariate and multivariable statistics, we analyzed a population-weighted sample of 8315 veterans from the 2010 National Survey of Veterans and a random sample of 567 recent veterans from Hawaii. Results. A total of 1.5% of veterans were AA/PI compared with 0.4% a decade ago. Compared with other veterans, AA/PI veterans reported higher socioeconomic status and better mental health, although these findings may be specific to AA veterans. Adjusting for sociodemographic and health differences, we found no differences in health service use or perceived barriers or stigma related to mental health services. Conclusions. AA/PIs are a small but fast-growing racial/ethnic group within the veteran population that deserves attention. Although veteran status may be protective against some barriers to mental health care found in the general AA/PI population, efforts to reduce barriers to health care among veterans should be continued.
Providing Culturally Competent Services for American Indian and Alaska Native Veterans to Reduce Health Care Disparities
Authors: Noe Timothy D. , Kaufman Carol E. , Kaufmann L. Jeanne , Brooks Elizabeth , Shore Jay H. 
Published: August 2014

Objectives. We conducted an exploratory study to determine what organizational characteristics predict the provision of culturally competent services for American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) veterans in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health facilities. Methods. In 2011 to 2012, we adapted the Organizational Readiness to Change Assessment (ORCA) for a survey of 27 VA facilities in the Western Region to assess organizational readiness and capacity to adopt and implement native-specific services and to profile the availability of AI/AN veteran programs and interest in and resources for such programs. Results. Several ORCA subscales (Program Needs, Leader’s Practices, and Communication) statistically significantly predicted whether VA staff perceived that their facilities were meeting the needs of AI/AN veterans. However, none predicted greater implementation of native-specific services. Conclusions. Our findings may aid in developing strategies for adopting and implementing promising native-specific programs and services for AI/AN veterans, and may be generalizable for other veteran groups.
Seizing of Gas Turbine Vane Fixing Bolts Made of X22CrMoV12–1
Authors: Riesenbeck S. , Neidel A. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
It is known from field experience that gas turbine vane fixing bolts, made from high-alloy chromium steel, got stuck in their mating bores and often caused problems upon disassembly. Many of them had to be drilled out rather than removed normally. Several metallurgical in­vestigations determined excessive surface oxidation to be the physical cause for the seizing of the bolts. It was recom­mended to change the bolt material from high-alloy steel to a nickel base superalloy with significantly higher oxidation resistance than steel in order to prevent surface scaling and seizure.
Characterization of the Crack Initiation and Crack Propagation Behavior of Welded Steels by Means of the Replica Technique
Authors: Panzenböck M. , Horn A. , Posch G. , Clemens H. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The replica technique was applied to evaluate crack initiation and crack propagation behavior of welded joints on high strength structural steel with a minimum yield strength of 690MPa. Wöhler tests (cyclic loading tests) on these high strength welded joints, supported by the replica technique, show, that at a given particular stress amplitude, crack initiation occurs in several areas of the heat affected zone. At high stress amplitudes, the failure occurs in the intercritical zone, whereas stress amplitudes near the endurance limit lead to a failure within the coarse grained zone. This can be attributed to the crack initiation and propagation behavior within these individual zones. Evidence for this can very well be provided by means of the microstructure replica technique described in this article.
Characterization of Oxidation Protection Coatings for High Temperature Applications by Means of Nanoindentation and Scanning Electron Microscopy Methods
Authors: Webler R. , Neumeier S. , Göken M. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractOxidation protection coatings are required for thermally highly stressed components such as turbine blades in aircraft engines. Cyclic oxidation experiments were performed on a NiCoCrAlY protective coating of a nickel-based superalloy and hardness and modulus of elasticity (mechanical properties) were determined by nanoindentation before and after the experiments. Microstructure and chemical composition were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy. Here, the focus is on the phase identification by combining electron backscatter diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Findings indicate that the chemical composition strongly influences the mechanical properties.
CA 15.3 measurements for separating FDG PET/CT positive from negative findings in breast carcinoma recurrence
Authors: Kruse V. , Van de Wiele C. , Borms M. , Maes A. , Pottel H. , Sathekge M. , Cocquyt V. 
Published: August 2014

SummaryIn breast cancer CA 15.3 is considered the tumour marker of choice. CA 15.3 is directly related to the disease extent and to hormone status (estrogen receptor ER+/ ER-, progesterone receptor PR+/PR-). This study was designed to assess the impact of disease extent, hormone receptor and HER2-status, and circulating blood volume on the area-under the ROC-curve of CA 15.3 to separate FDG PET positive from negative findings. Patients, methods: We retrospectively evaluated 379 FDG PET/CT examinations performed in 80 patients with breast cancer. Blood volumes were derived using the formulas by Nadler and multiplied by their corresponding CA 15.3 measurement. Results: ROC-curve analysis revealed an AUC of 0.695 (p = 0.0001) for CA 15.3 to separate FDG PET positive from negative findings. AUC measurements to separate normal scan find-ings from loco-regional disease and meta- static disease were 0.527 (p = 0.587) and 0.732 (p = 0.0001), respectively. AUC measurements for CA 15.3 to separate positive from negative FDG PET findings, in ER+ and ER- patients, were respectively 0.772 (p = 0.0001) and 0.596 (p = 0.143). AUC measurements for CA 15.3 to separate positive from negative FDG PET findings, in PR+ and PR- patients, were respectively 0.675 (p = 0.0001) and 0.694 (p = 0.0001). In HER2-positive and -negative patients, the AUC measurements were respectively 0.594 (p = 0.178) and 0.701 (p = 0.0001) to separate positive from negative FDG PET findings. Conclusion: The AUC for CA 15.3 measurements to separate FDG PET positive from negative findings in breast cancer patients with suspected recurrence proved to be directly related to the extent of the recurrent disease and hormone receptor status and inversely related to HER2-status. Correcting CA 15.3 measurements for blood volumes did not impact the AUC.
Le Centre universitaire méditerranéen de Nice et les stratégies d'influence de l'Italie fasciste. Entre légitimations croisées et suspicions mutuelles
Authors: Dubois Jérémie 
Published: August 2014

Le Centre universitaire méditerranéen de Nice (CUM), créé en 1933 sous l’égide de l’université d’Aix-Marseille a entretenu des liens ambivalents avec l’Italie fasciste. Son administrateur, l’écrivain Paul Valéry, et son directeur, Maurice Mignon, n’ont cessé de solliciter de Rome l’envoi de spécialistes de la langue et de la culture italiennes. Le ministère des Affaires étrangères italien a d’abord préféré charger le comité niçois de la Société Dante Alighieri de représenter l’Italie et l’italien au CUM. Mais alors que les relations franco-italiennes se détériorent, la « chaire d’italien » longtemps réclamée devint stratégique pour l’Italie. Rome accepte de financer à partir de 1938 un « lecteur d’italien » au CUM, moins dans un but universitaire que dans une stratégie d’irrédentisme.
Les communications aériennes entre l'Espagne et Cuba à l'épreuve de la crise des missiles (octobre 1962-février 1963)
Authors: Moralès Étienne 
Published: August 2014

Cet article vise à expliquer la suspension des vols d’ Iberia à La Havane entre octobre 1962 et février 1963 et à décrire les effets de l’absence de transports entre l’Espagne et Cuba sur les relations entre ces deux pays. Nous montrons que si le gouvernement cubain ferma l’aéroport de La Havane puis le rouvrit dans le contexte de la crise des missiles, la décision fondamentale de suspension a été prise par Franco, pour satisfaire à une réclamation du Département d’État des États-Unis après le vol du 17 novembre 1962 à La Havane. La suspension de cette connexion aérienne entrava la sortie de la valise diplomatique espagnole de Cuba et restreignit le commerce hispano-cubain à l’époque de Noël, tandis que la reprise des vols entraîna une reconfiguration des réseaux d’émigration de Cuba : Madrid devint alors en une voie importante pour gagner les États-Unis.
La « fabrique de l'ennemi » en système totalitaire. Le cas syrien (1946-2014)
Authors: Cimino Matthieu 
Published: August 2014

À travers l’étude de deux moments révolutionnaires de l’histoire syrienne (1979-1982 et 2011-2014), cet article propose une analyse comparative des processus de « construction de l’ennemi » en milieu autoritaire. Le « système Assad », depuis la prise de pouvoir par Hafez en 1970, fonde sa stratégie de survie sur l’invention et l’entretien systématiques d’une altérité concurrente, à combattre. Cette figure de l’ennemi, protéiforme et évolutive, constitue l’un des déterminants majeurs de la politique étrangère syrienne, et demeure aujourd’hui au cœur de la répression contre-révolutionnaire engagée en mars 2011. En s’appuyant sur un corpus d’entretiens semi-directifs et sur la compilation systématique des archives des journaux Al Baath et Tishrin , cet article s’intéresse tout particulièrement aux exemples comparés des représentations syriennes de l’État d’Israël et des mouvements salafis-jihadis type Al-Qaïda .
Ankle Dorsiflexion Among Healthy Men With Different Qualities of Lower Extremity Movement
Authors: Rabin Alon , Kozol Zvi , Spitzer Elad , Finestone Aharon 
Published: August 2014

Context:
Lower extremity movement patterns have been implicated as a risk factor for various knee disorders. Ankle-dorsiflexion (DF) range of motion (ROM) has previously been associated with a faulty movement pattern among healthy female participants.

Objective:
To determine the association between ankle DF ROM and the quality of lower extremity movement during the lateral step-down test among healthy male participants.

Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Setting:
Training facility of the Israel Defense Forces.

Patients or Other Participants:
Fifty-five healthy male Israeli military recruits (age = 19.7 ± 1.1 years, height = 175.4 ± 6.4 cm, mass = 72.0 ± 7.6 kg).

Intervention(s):
Dorsiflexion ROM was measured in weight-bearing and non–weight-bearing conditions using a fluid-filled inclinometer and a universal goniometer, respectively. Lower extremity movement pattern was assessed visually using the lateral step-down test and classified categorically as good or moderate. All measurements were performed bilaterally.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Weight-bearing and non–weight-bearing DF ROM were more limited among participants with moderate quality of movement than in those with good quality of movement on the dominant side (P = .01 and P = .02 for weight-bearing and non–weight-bearing DF, respectively). Non–weight-bearing DF demonstrated a trend toward a decreased range among participants with moderate compared with participants with good quality of movement on the nondominant side (P = .03 [adjusted P = .025]). Weight-bearing DF was not different between participants with good and moderate movement patterns on the nondominant side (P = .10). Weight-bearing and non–weight-bearing ankle DF ROM correlated significantly with the quality of movement on both sides (P &lt; .01 and P &lt; .05 on the dominant and nondominant side, respectively).

Conclusions:
Ankle DF ROM was associated with quality of movement among healthy male participants. The association seemed weaker in males than in females.
Head-Impact Mechanisms in Men's and Women's Collegiate Ice Hockey
Authors: Wilcox Bethany J. , Machan Jason T. , Beckwith Jonathan G. , Greenwald Richard M. , Burmeister Emily , Crisco Joseph J. 
Published: August 2014

Context:
Concussion injury rates in men's and women's ice hockey are reported to be among the highest of all collegiate sports. Quantification of the frequency of head impacts and the magnitude of head acceleration as a function of the different impact mechanisms (eg, head contact with the ice) that occur in ice hockey could provide a better understanding of this high injury rate.

Objective:
To quantify and compare the per-game frequency and magnitude of head impacts associated with various impact mechanisms in men's and women's collegiate ice hockey players.

Design:
Cohort study.

Setting:
Collegiate ice hockey rink.

Patients or Other Participants:
Twenty-three men and 31 women from 2 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I ice hockey teams.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
We analyzed magnitude and frequency (per game) of head impacts per player among impact mechanisms and between sexes using generalized mixed linear models and generalized estimating equations to account for repeated measures within players.

Intervention(s):
Participants wore helmets instrumented with accelerometers to allow us to collect biomechanical measures of head impacts sustained during play. Video footage from 53 games was synchronized with the biomechanical data. Head impacts were classified into 8 categories: contact with another player; the ice, boards or glass, stick, puck, or goal; indirect contact; and contact from celebrating.

Results:
For men and women, contact with another player was the most frequent impact mechanism, and contact with the ice generated the greatest-magnitude head accelerations. The men had higher per-game frequencies of head impacts from contact with another player and contact with the boards than did the women (P &lt; .001), and these impacts were greater in peak rotational acceleration (P = .027).

Conclusions:
Identifying the impact mechanisms in collegiate ice hockey that result in frequent and high-magnitude head impacts will provide us with data that may improve our understanding of the high rate of concussion in the sport and inform injury-prevention strategies.
On the Bound of the C* Exponential Length
Authors: Pan Qingfei , Wang Kun 
Published: August 2014

AbstractLet X be a compact Hausdorff space. In this paper, we give an example to show that there is u ∊⊗ C(X) Mn with det(u(x)) = 1 for all x ∊ X and u ~h 1 such that the C* exponential length of u (denoted by ~h cel(u)) cannot be controlled by π. Moreover, in simple inductive limit C*-algebras, similar examples also exist.
Vers une Médecine de l’Information
Authors: Courty Daniel 
Published: August 2014

D’un regard épistémologique porté sur les pratiques médicales issues des travaux de Paul Nogier, il ressort une grande valeur novatrice desservie par le manque partiel d’un langage de référence en accord avec la physique moderne. L’analyse identifie des traits structuraux qui déterminent l’auriculomédecine, comme méthode d’évaluation des champs biophysiques. Sous cet angle qui montre l’importance des propriétés de « l’espace périsomatique », s’ouvre un avenir potentiel aux investigations déjà riches d’observations faites jusqu’à ce jour, de sorte que la « médecine de l’Information » devient réalité.