bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using quantile mapping and random forest for bias‐correction of high‐resolution reanalysis precipitation data and CMIP6 climate projections over Iran
Authors: Raeesi Maryam , Zolfaghari Ali Asghar , Kaboli Seyed Hasan , Rahimi Mohammad , de Vente Joris , Eekhout Joris P. C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractClimate change is expected to cause important changes in precipitation patterns in Iran until the end of 21st century. This study aims at evaluating projections of climate change over Iran by using five climate model outputs (including ACCESS‐ESM1‐5, BCC‐CSM2‐MR, CanESM5, CMCC‐ESM2 and MRI‐ESM2‐0) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6), and performing bias‐correction using a novel combination of quantile mapping (QM) and random forest (RF) between the years 2015 and 2100 under three shared socioeconomics pathways (SSP2‐4.5, SSP3‐7.0 and SSP5‐8.5). First, bias‐correction was performed on ERA5‐Land reanalysis data as reference period (1990–2020) using the QM method, then the corrected ERA5‐Land reanalysis data was considered as measured data. Based on the corrected ERA5‐Land reanalysis data (1990–2020) and historical simulations (1990–2014), the future projections (2015–2100) were also bias‐corrected utilizing the QM method. Next, the accuracy of the QM method was validated by comparing the corrected ERA5‐Land reanalysis data with model outputs for overlapping years between 2015 and 2020. This comparison revealed persistent biases; hence, a combination of QM‐RF method was applied to rectify future climate projections until the end of the 21st century. Based on the QM result, CMCC‐ESM2 revealed the highest RMSE in both SSP2‐4.5 and SSP3‐7.0 amounting to 331.74 and 201.84 mm·year−1, respectively. Particularly, the exclusive use of the QM method displayed substantial errors in projecting annual precipitation based on SSP5‐8.5, notably in the case of ACCESS‐ESM1‐5 (RMSE = 431.39 mm·year−1), while the RMSE reduced after using QM‐RF method (197.75 mm·year−1). Obviously, a significant enhancement in results was observed upon implementing the QM‐RF combination method in CMCC‐ESM2 under both SSP2‐4.5 (RMSE = 139.30 mm·year−1) and SSP3‐7.0 (RMSE = 151.43 mm·year−1) showcasing approximately reduction in RMSE values by 192.43 and 50.41 mm·year−1, respectively. Although each bias‐corrected model output was evaluated individually, multi‐model ensemble (MME) was also created to project the annual future precipitation pattern in Iran. By considering that combination of QM‐RF method revealed the lower errors in correcting model outputs, we used the QM‐RF technique to create the MME. Based on SSP2‐4.5, the MME climate projections highlight imminent precipitation reductions (>10%) across large regions of Iran, conversely projecting increases ranging from 10% to over 20% in southern areas under SSP3‐7.0. Moreover, MME projected dramatic declines under SSP5‐8.5, especially impacting central, eastern, and northwest Iran. Notably, the most pronounced possibly decline patterns are projected for arid regions (central plateau) and eastern areas under SSP2‐4.5, SSP3‐7.0 and SSP5‐8.5.
Clinical presentation and factors associated with gluten exposure in children with celiac disease
Authors: Krueger Andrew , Fahey Lisa , Sun Qin , Regis Stephanie , Khavari Nasim , Jericho Hilary , Badalyan Vahe , Absah Imad , Verma Ritu , Leonard Maureen M. , Weisbrod Vanessa , Hajjat Temara , Lee Dale , Shull Mary , Silvester Jocelyn A. , Mallon Daniel ,   RAISE‐CD
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe prevalence of celiac disease (CeD) is increasing, yet it is still underdiagnosed, in part because of its heterogeneous presentation. Diagnostic criteria are evolving and management with strict adherence to a gluten‐free diet is challenging for many. We aimed to characterize the clinical presentation of CeD among a large multicenter cohort of pediatric patients and to identify factors associated with gluten‐free diet adherence.MethodsPatients with CeD aged 0–18 years were recruited from 11 United States health centers. Parents completed surveys about gluten‐free diet adherence and patient electronic health records were reviewed. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with gluten exposure.ResultsCharts were reviewed for 460 children with a median age of 6.4 years. Abdominal pain was reported in 57% of the cohort, but diverse symptoms were identified. Parent surveys were completed for 455 participants. Sixty‐five (14%) participants were at high risk for gluten exposure based on parental reports of weekly or daily gluten exposure or eating gluten by choice in the past year. Participants under the age of 5 years had a lower risk of gluten exposure, while participants without repeat serology testing 18 months after initial diagnosis were at higher risk of gluten exposure.ConclusionsIn a large, multicenter cohort of pediatric CeD patients, clinical presentation is highly variable, necessitating a high index of suspicion to make a diagnosis. Parent surveys indicate that 14% of patients are at high risk of gluten exposure, with patient age and lack of close follow‐up associated with gluten‐free diet adherence.
Posttransplantation course after allogeneic stem cell transplantation in a patient with advanced mycosis fungoides—Balancing relapse and rejection
Authors: Hansen‐Abeck Inga , Blomen Chiara L. , Abeck Finn , Torster Leopold , Schneider Stefan W. , Booken Nina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTreatment of advanced cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL) can be challenging. To date, the only potentially curative treatment option for advanced CTCL is allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We report on a patient with mycosis fungoides who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation due to rapid progression of the disease. Eight months after transplantation, relapse as well as chronic graft‐versus‐host disease occurred. Therefore, we initiated different treatment modalities, including bexarotene, extracorporeal photopheresis, topical treatment as well as the Janus‐kinase‐inhibitor Ruxolitinib. Even though the patient experienced high morbidity due to the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, 3 years after he is still alive and reports good health‐related quality of life. With this case, we aim to demonstrate that the posttransplant course can be difficult, balancing between relapse and graft‐versus‐host disease. Nevertheless, patients can benefit in terms of survival and their health‐related quality of life. Therefore, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation should be considered as a treatment option, especially for patients with advanced CTCL and poor prognosis.
Unveiling the influence of seawater intrusion and vegetation type on coastal arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in China
Authors: Ma Shilin , Li Tao , Zhang Bo , Zhai Lu , Liu Xin , Zhang Jinchi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractContinuously rising sea levels pose severe threats to the diversity and stability of coastal ecosystems. However, the responses of endospheric and rhizospheric arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities to accelerated seawater intrusion and changing vegetation types unfortunately remains unknown. Such insights will assist in revealing the structure of AM fungi across different tidal zones, enabling the development of effective measures to conserve biodiversity. Here, we investigated changes in endospheric and rhizospheric AM fungal communities associated with four types of coastal vegetation in Dafeng City, Jiangsu Province, China, in response to sea level variations by analyzing their characteristics and connections to selected environmental factors. It was found that the AM fungal communities of coastal vegetation differed significantly in their compositions, diversity, and stability (the resilience or resistance of a community). Despite the responses of endospheric and rhizospheric AM fungi to soil environmental factors, the soil electrical conductivity, cation exchange content, and inorganic carbon were identified as core elements that influenced the characteristics of AM fungal communities between different coastal vegetation species. Lastly, the major endospheric and rhizospheric species of AM fungi were important predictors that explained much of the variation in the soil environment. Consequently, the dynamics of AM fungal communities were correlated with the plant–soil system under different conditions. Apart from the coastal vegetation species, the characteristics of AM fungal communities can also be driven by high salinity and the inorganic carbon content induced by the intrusion of seawater.
Simultaneous onboard analysis of seawater dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentration and stable isotope ratio (δ13C‐DIC)
Authors: Sun Zhentao , Li Xinyu , Ouyang Zhangxian , Featherstone Charles , Atekwana Eliot A. , Hussain Najid , Cai Wei‐Jun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and its stable carbon isotope (δ13C‐DIC) are valuable parameters for studying the aquatic carbon cycle and quantifying ocean anthropogenic carbon accumulation rates. However, the potential of this coupled pair is underexploited as only 15% or less of cruise samples have been analyzed for δ13C‐DIC because the traditional isotope analysis is labor‐intensive and restricted to onshore laboratories. Here, we improved the analytical precision and reported the protocol of an automated, efficient, and high‐precision method for ship‐based DIC and δ13C‐DIC analysis based on cavity ring‐down spectroscopy (CRDS). We also introduced a set of stable in‐house standards to ensure accurate and consistent DIC and δ13C‐DIC measurements, especially on prolonged cruises. With this method, we analyzed over 1600 discrete seawater samples over a 40‐d cruise along the North American eastern ocean margin in summer 2022, representing the first effort to collect a large dataset of δ13C‐DIC onboard of any oceanographic expedition. We evaluated the method's uncertainty, which was 1.2 μmol kg−1 for the DIC concentration and 0.03‰ for the δ13C‐DIC value (1σ). An interlaboratory comparison of onboard DIC concentration analysis revealed an average offset of 2.0 ± 3.8 μmol kg−1 between CRDS and the coulometry‐based results. The cross‐validation of δ13C‐DIC in the deep‐ocean data exhibited a mean difference of only −0.03‰ ± 0.07‰, emphasizing the consistency with historical data. Potential applications in aquatic biogeochemistry are discussed.
Designed Semiconductor Network Random Lasers
Authors: Saxena Dhruv , Fischer Anna , Dranczewski Jakub , Ng Wai Kit , Trivino Noelia Vico , Schmid Heinz , Raziman T. V. , Arnaudon Alexis , Barahona Mauricio , Hess Ortwin , Moselund Kirsten , Sapienza Riccardo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractConventional lasers typically support a well‐defined comb of modes. Coupling many resonators together to form larger complex cavities enables the design of the spatial and spectral distribution of modes, for sensitive and controllable on‐chip light sources. Network lasers, formed from a mesh of dye‐doped polymer interconnecting waveguides, have shown great potential for random lasing with a highly sensitive and customizable lasing spectrum albeit suffering from gain bleaching. Here on‐chip semiconductor network lasers are introduced, and fabricated by etching an InP epilayer bonded onto a wafer, as a reproducible, stable and designable random laser with a rich multimodal spectrum and low room temperature lasing threshold. Thresholds are observed as low as 60 for InP networks with an optimum link width of 450 nm and thickness of 120 nm. It is further shown, both experimentally and numerically, that the network density directly affects the mode spatial distribution, and lasing modes are spatially localized over only 10–20 connected links in large dense networks. The InP network lasers are also stable to pump illumination and sensitive to small variations in the pump pattern. These studies lay the ground for the future design of random lasers tailored to the application in robust semiconductor platforms with impact for sensing, signal processing, cryptography and machine learning.
Microscopic Aggregation and Film‐Forming Characteristics of Lubricant Additives on Oil–Water Interface: MD Simulation and Experiments on Water Separability
Authors: Shen Xinhuiyu , Lyu Ya , Gong Yingying 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe anti‐emulsification property of lubricating oil is an important index to measure the quality of oil. In this paper, the behaviour of surfactants such as lubricating oil additives at the oil–water interface and the influence of the position of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO) in the block polyether demulsifier on the demulsification effect were investigated by molecular simulation and experimental verification. The properties of seven lubricating oil additives with different functions and two pairs of isomers were investigated by molecular simulation, and their demulsification effects were verified by experiments. Some simulation results such as interface thickness and density distribution can accurately predict the experimental demulsification effect. Moreover, it was found that the position isomerism of surfactants affected the demulsification performance by changing the lipophilic balance and interface properties. The demulsification performance of sequenced copolymers is generally better than that of anti‐sequenced copolymers. The accurate prediction of molecular dynamics simulation makes the selection of lubricating oil demulsifier more extensive and has practical application value.
Nanophase Segregation Drives Heterogeneous Dynamics in Amphiphilic PLMA‐b‐POEGMA Block‐Copolymers with Densely Grafted Architecture
Authors: Pipertzis Achilleas , Skandalis Athanasios , Pispas Stergios , Floudas George 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe self‐assembly and dynamics of amphiphilic diblock copolymers composed of densely grafted poly(oligo ethylene glycol methacrylate) (POEGMA) and poly(lauryl methacrylate) (PLMA) by means of calorimetry, small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), and dielectric spectroscopy are investigated. It is reported that the inherent immiscibility between the parent homopolymers, combined with the increased molar mass, results in strong segregation, maintained up to elevated temperatures (i.e., T = 423 K). SAXS reveals that well‐separated POEGMA and PLMA domains self‐assemble into spheres with bicontinuous cubic packing and in lamellar nanostructure in copolymers with respective compositions of 16 and 52 wt.% PLMA. This strong segregation enables the weak crystallization/melting of the short ethylene glycol chains. Additionally, molecular dynamics are investigated through isothermal dielectric and calorimetry measurements. The segmental dynamics (i.e., Tg‐related) of POEGMA and PLMA closely resemble that found in respective homopolymers, implying heterogeneous dynamics. In the glassy state, the local motions of the POEGMA side chains predominantly govern the observed secondary processes in the copolymers. The results on the heterogeneous dynamics in the current amphiphilic diblock copolymers with the densely grafted architecture are compared and contrasted with copolymers having a bottle–brush architecture lacking the amphiphilic nature.
STAMBPL1, transcriptionally regulated by SREBP1, promotes malignant behaviors of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Jin Junyi , Wang Yihui , Hu Yaoyuan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer‐related death worldwide. STAM binding protein‐like 1 (STAMBPL1), a key member of the COP9 signalosome subunit 5/serine protease 27/proteasome 26S subunit non‐ATPase 7 (JAMM) family, is closely associated with tumor development. In this work, data from GSE101728 and GSE84402 chips were analyzed, and STAMBPL1 was selected as the target factor. This study aimed to reveal the potential function of STAMBPL1 in HCC. Clinical results showed that STAMBPL1 was significantly increased in tumor tissues of HCC patients, and its expression was strongly associated with tumor size and TNM stage. Furthermore, STAMBPL1‐overexpressed Hep3B2.1‐7 cell line or STAMBPL1‐silenced SNU‐182 cell line were established using lentivirus carrying cDNA encoding STAMBPL1 mRNA or shRNA targeting STAMBPL1, respectively. STAMBPL1‐overexpressed cells exhibited a pronounced enhancement of proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Exogenous expression of STAMBPL1 increased the percentage of cells in the S phase and upregulated the expressions of CyclinD1 and Survivin. As expected, STAMBPL1 knockdown exhibited completely opposite effects, resulting in impaired tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, STAMBPL1 activated Wnt/β‐catenin pathway and increased the expression of downstream cancer‐promoting genes. Interestingly, we found that STAMBPL1 was transcriptionally regulated by sterol regulatory element‐binding protein 1 (SREBP1), a modulator of lipid metabolism, as evidenced by luciferase reporter and chromatin‐immunoprecipitation (Ch‐IP) assays. Notably, STAMBPL1 overexpression increased lipid accumulation in HCC cells and xenograft tumors. Totally our findings suggest that STAMBPL1 plays a vital role in the tumorigenicity of HCC cells. Modulation of Wnt/β‐catenin and lipid metabolism may contribute to its pro‐cancer effects. STAMBPL1 may serve as a therapeutic target of HCC.
Pricing of medical services and channel selection strategies for pharmaceutical supply chain under the zero‐markup drug policy
Authors: Li Shiyang , Li Yantao , Kong Qianqian , Feng Xiaoyu , Long Yuanxue , Zhou Nan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper studies the channel strategies of drug suppliers in the drug supply chain under the zero‐plus drug pricing policy. With the popularity of e‐commerce and online shopping, supply chain firms have begun considering expanding their business to online channels. In this paper, we construct a game model to explore the impact of the pharmaceutical supply chain's development of online channels on supply chain members. We conclude that under the zero profits policy, increasing the public hospital's public welfare level will increase the price of drugs, decrease the price of medical services, and reduce the overall cost of patients. In addition, the greater the sensitivity of medical services, the lower the likelihood that a drug supplier will open an online pharmacy, and the lower the level of public good, the greater the likelihood that a drug supplier will open an online pharmacy. In addition, under certain conditions, patients can receive a higher level of medical service and spend less on healthcare under a dual‐channel strategy. Finally, under a dual‐channel strategy, an appropriate profit‐sharing mechanism can eliminate instability in the pharmaceutical supply chain.
Social identity in trusting artificial intelligence agents: Evidence from lab and online experiments
Authors: Sun Yanqi , Xu Cheng , Xu Hao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper explores human trust in artificial intelligence (AI), focusing on the effects of social categorization (ingroup vs. outgroup) and AI human‐likeness through two pre‐registered studies involving 160 participants each. The first study, a lab experiment in China, and the second, an online experiment representative of the United States, both utilized a trust game to assess trust across four conditions: ingroup‐humanoid AI, ingroup‐non‐humanoid AI, outgroup‐humanoid AI, and outgroup‐non‐humanoid AI. Results indicated higher trust for ingroup and humanoid AIs, with statistical significance. Mixed‐design ANOVA was used to analyze the data, revealing significant main effects and interactions. The second study also identified an emotional connection as a mediator in trust, suggesting significant design implications for AI in trust‐critical sectors like healthcare and autonomous transportation.
Identification of Genetic Variants in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy in Southeast Asia
Authors: Ng Adeline Su Lyn , Tan Ai Huey , Tan Yi Jayne , Lim Jia Lun , Lian Michelle Mulan , Dy Closas Alfand Marl , Ahmad‐Annuar Azlina , Viswanathan Shanthi , Chia Yuen Kang , Foo Jia Nee , Lim Weng Khong , Tan Eng‐King , Lim Shen‐Yang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundProgressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is largely a sporadic disease with few reported familial cases. Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) in sporadic PSP in Caucasian populations have identified MAPT as the most commonly associated genetic risk locus with the strongest effect size. At present there are limited data on genetic factors associated with PSP in Asian populations.ObjectivesOur goal was to investigate the genetic factors associated with PSP in Southeast Asian PSP patients.MethodsNext‐generation sequencing (whole‐exome, whole‐genome and targeted sequencing) was performed in two Asian cohorts, comprising 177 PSP patients.ResultsWe identified 17 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in 16 PSP patients (9%), eight of which were novel. The most common relevant genetic variants identified were in MAPT, GBA1, OPTN, SYNJ1, and SQSTM1. Other variants detected were in TBK1, PRNP, and ABCA7—genes that have been implicated in other neurodegenerative diseases. Eighteen patients had a positive family history, of whom two carried pathogenic MAPT variants, and one carried a likely pathogenic GBA1 variant. None of the patients had expanded repeats in C9orf72. Furthermore, we found 16 different variants of uncertain significance in 21 PSP patients in PSEN2, ABCA7, SMPD1, MAPT, ATP13A2, OPTN, SQSTM1, CYLD, and BSN.ConclusionsThe genetic findings in our PSP cohorts appear to be somewhat distinct from those in Western populations, and also suggest an overlap of the genetic architecture between PSP and other neurodegenerative diseases. Further functional studies and validation in independent Asian cohorts will be useful for improving our understanding of PSP genetics and guiding genetic screening strategies in these populations. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
MH groups, retailer partners to support youth with MH issues
Authors: Canady Valerie A. 
Published: August 2024

Observing a mission to support organizations that provide young people who have mental health needs with tools and resources to impact their well‐being, Macy's, Inc. continues to move forward with its partnership with the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) and The Jed Foundation. Commencing in 2022, this collaboration has raised $3.3 million to date to support young people with mental health resources.
Tailoring Polyaniline for Improved Acetaldehyde Detection
Authors: Mavani Bhoomi Het , Penlidis Alexander 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study investigates polyaniline (PANI) for its sensing characteristics for detecting acetaldehyde. Pristine PANI is further modified in two ways to improve its sensing capabilities: 1) addition of a side chain (i.e., two methyl groups) to form poly (2,5‐dimethylaniline), 2) addition of small amounts of metal oxide dopant (In2O3 in this case) to PANI. All the materials are evaluated for their sensing characteristics with respect to both sensitivity and selectivity. The sensitivity of PANI toward acetaldehyde is found to improve with both types of modification (i.e., poly (2,5‐dimethylaniline) and PANI doped with different wt.% of In2O3). However, upon evaluating selectivity toward acetaldehyde using binary and ternary gas mixtures, pristine PANI exhibited higher selectivity compared to its modified counterparts.