bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross-sectional Survey and Retrospective Analysis of a Large Cohort of Adults With Type 1 Diabetes With Long-Term Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Treatment
Authors: Joubert Michael , Morera Julia , Vicente Angel , Rod Anne , Parienti Jean-Jacques , Reznik Yves 
Published: May 2014

Background: Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) is an established modality for intensive insulin treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D), but long-term data concerning satisfaction, CSII function use, safety, and efficacy in real-life conditions are scarce. Methods: We analyzed a cohort of adult patients with T1D treated with CSII for more than 1 year in a single diabetes center. We performed a cross-sectional survey in 2010 (tolerance/satisfaction and behavior forms) and a retrospective analysis of medical records (including HbA1c level, hospitalization, and catheter infections). The primary objective was to assess long-term tolerance/satisfaction, and secondary objectives were safety and efficacy. Results: There were 295 patients analyzed. After a median duration of CSII use of 5 years, overall satisfaction was high for about 90% of patients. Mean CSII-related discomfort scores were low for work, recreation, and sleep and moderate for sport and sexual activity (2.5 ± 1.9, 2.6 ± 1.8, 2.6 ± 2.1, 3.4 ± 2.3, and 4.0 ± 2.9 of 10, respectively). Despite a high level of diabetes education, only one third of patients were using advanced CSII functions. During long-term follow-up, the safety of CSII treatment was good; the hospitalization rate was 0.18 patients/year, and catheter infections were scarce. The HbA1c level dropped about −0.5% independently from CSII duration ( P < .05). Conclusions: In this adult cohort, satisfaction and tolerance, together with safety, of CSII were maintained at long-term follow up. The sole basic functions of CSII were currently used by patients. A 0.5% decrease in the HbA1c level was maintained during the study period.
HLA-haploidentical stem cell transplantation after removal of αβ+ T and B cells in children with nonmalignant disorders
Authors: Bertaina Alice , Merli Pietro , Rutella Sergio , Pagliara Daria , Bernardo Maria Ester , Masetti Riccardo , Pende Daniela , Falco Michela , Handgretinger Rupert , Moretta Francesca , Lucarelli Barbarella , Brescia Letizia P. , Li Pira Giuseppina , Testi Manuela , Cancrini Caterina , Kabbara Nabil , Carsetti Rita , Finocchi Andrea , Moretta Alessandro , Moretta Lorenzo , Locatelli Franco 
Published: May 2014

Key Points
Removal of αβ+ T and CD19+ B cells is an effective strategy for successful HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The high probability of disease-free survival renders this transplant option attractive for any child with a nonmalignant disorder.
New insights into the spatiotemporal localization of prothrombinase in vivo
Authors: Ivanciu Lacramioara , Krishnaswamy Sriram , Camire Rodney M. 
Published: May 2014

Key PointsProthrombinase bound in the vicinity of vascular damage is distributed away from platelets and is largely found on activated endothelium. The activated endothelium plays an unexpectedly important role in supporting prothrombinase assembly and function at the site of damage.
Upregulation of the tight junction protein occludin: effects on ventilation-induced lung injury and mechanisms of action
Authors: Liu Mengjie , Gu Changping , Wang Yuelan 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

Background
Occludin, a tight junction protein, plays an important role in maintaining the integrity of the lung epithelial barrier; however, its role in ventilation-induced lung injury has not been explored. Here, we measured the expression of occludin with different tidal volumes. Our study indicated that the level of occludin was significantly decreased and alveolar permeability was increased owing to acute lung injury.

Methods
Thirty healthy Wistar rats (15 female, 15 male) weighing 250–300 g, were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 6 in each group): a control group (group C), a low tidal volume group (group L), a low tidal volume + protein kinase C(PKC) inhibitor group (group L + P), a high tidal volume group (group H) and a high tidal volume + PKC inhibitor group (group H + P). Tracheas of rats in the control group underwent incision without any special treatment. The other four groups were mechanically ventilated for 4 h. The rats in groups L + P and H + P were treated with a PKC inhibitor (bisindolylmaleimide I, 0.12 mg/kg) by intramuscular injection 1 h before anesthesia. Rats were sacrificed after mechanical ventilation. Specimens of lung tissues were harvested. Lung pathological changes were observed using an optical microscope, and lung wet/dry weight ratio was measured. The occludin protein level was assayed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.

Results
HE staining and immunohistochemistry results showed that occludin was mainly located in alveolar epithelial cells and some alveolar endothelial cells. The lung injury and alveolar edema were more serious in high tidal volume groups than in low tidal volume groups. Occludin expression was reduced and PKC activation was increased in rats in the high tidal volume groups compared with rats in the low tidal volume groups. Rats that were pretreated with the PKC inhibitor had less pulmonary edema induced by the high tidal volume ventilation.

Conclusion
Mechanical ventilation can activate the PKC signaling pathway and tight junction proteins participate in this pathway. Up-regulation of occludin can reduce ventilation-induced lung injury.
Hydrothermal epitaxy and resultant properties of EuTiO3 films on SrTiO3(001) substrate
Authors: Lv Fengzhen , Zhang Jing , Gao Cunxu , Ma Li , Gao Daqiang , Zhou Shiming , Xue Desheng 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
We report a novel epitaxial growth of EuTiO3 films on SrTiO3(001) substrate by hydrothermal method. The morphological, structural, chemical, and magnetic properties of these epitaxial EuTiO3 films were examined by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution X-ray diffractometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry, respectively. As-grown EuTiO3 films with a perovskite structure were found to show an out-of-plane lattice shrinkage and room-temperature ferromagnetism, possibly resulting from an existence of Eu3+. Postannealing at 1,000°C could reduce the amount of Eu3+, relax the out-of-plane lattice shrinkage, and impact the magnetic properties of the films.

PACS

81.10.Aj; 81.15.-z; 61.05.-a
Performance evaluation of a cooperative reputation system for vehicular delay-tolerant networks
Authors: Dias João AFF , Rodrigues Joel JPC , Shu Lei , Ullah Sana 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
In the last decade, both scientific community and automotive industry enabled communications among vehicles in different kinds of scenarios proposing different vehicular architectures. Vehicular delay-tolerant networks (VDTNs) were proposed as a solution to overcome some of the issues found in other vehicular architectures, namely, in dispersed regions and emergency scenarios. Most of these issues arise from the unique characteristics of vehicular networks. Contrary to delay-tolerant networks (DTNs), VDTNs place the bundle layer under the network layer in order to simplify the layered architecture and enable communications in sparse regions characterized by long propagation delays, high error rates, and short contact durations. However, such characteristics turn contacts very important in order to exchange as much information as possible between nodes at every contact opportunity. One way to accomplish this goal is to enforce cooperation between network nodes. To promote cooperation among nodes, it is important that nodes share their own resources to deliver messages from others. This can be a very difficult task, if selfish nodes affect the performance of cooperative nodes. This paper studies the performance of a cooperative reputation system that detects, identify, and avoid communications with selfish nodes. Two scenarios were considered across all the experiments enforcing three different routing protocols (First Contact, Spray and Wait, and GeoSpray). For both scenarios, it was shown that reputation mechanisms that punish aggressively selfish nodes contribute to increase the overall network performance.
Incentives and Organ Donation: What's (Really) Legal in Canada?
Authors: Caulfield Timothy , Nelson Erin , Goldfeldt Brice , Klarenbach Scott 
Published: May 2014

Purpose of review: To date, there has been little analysis of the degree to which emerging incentive initiatives are permissible under Canadian law. The purpose of this review is to examine the relevant law – including legislation and case law – in order to clarify the legality of existing proposed incentive schemes. Sources of information: Legislation and case law. Findings: Organ donation is governed by provincial legislation that, in general, bans the exchange of any “benefit” or any form of “valuable consideration” in return for an organ. As such, these laws are tremendously restrictive and could have significant implications for emerging and proposed procurement policy. Implications: Given the need for innovative, ethically appropriate policies to increase donation rates, we suggest that the time is right to rethink the potentially restrictive nature of Canada's organ donation laws.
C-X-C motif chemokine 12/C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 signaling regulates breast cancer growth and metastasis by modulating the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Wani Nissar Ahmad , Nasser Mohd W , Ahirwar Dinesh K , Zhao Helong , Miao Zhenhua , Shilo Konstantin , Ganju Ramesh K 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Although C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12) has been shown to bind to C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR7), the exact molecular mechanism regulations by CXCL12/CXCR7 axis in breast tumor growth and metastasis are not well understood. CXCR7 expression has been shown to be upregulated during pathological processes such as inflammation and cancer.

Methods
Breast cancer cell lines were genetically silenced or pharmacologically inhibited for CXCR7 and/or its downstream target signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). 4T1 or 4T1 downregulated for CXCR7 and 4T1.2 breast cancer cell lines were injected in mammary gland of BALB/c mice to form tumors, and the molecular pathways regulating tumor growth and metastasis were assessed.

Results
In this study, we observed that CXCL12 enhances CXCR7-mediated breast cancer migration. Furthermore, genetic silencing or pharmacologic inhibition of CXCR7 reduced breast tumor growth and metastasis. Further elucidation of mechanisms revealed that CXCR7 mediates tumor growth and metastasis by activating proinflammatory STAT3 signaling and angiogenic markers. Furthermore, enhanced breast tumorigenicity and invasiveness were associated with macrophage infiltration. CXCR7 recruits tumor-promoting macrophages (M2) to the tumor site through regulation of the macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)/macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (MCSF-R) signaling pathway. In addition, CXCR7 regulated breast cancer metastasis by enhancing expression of metalloproteinases (MMP-9, MMP-2) and vascular cell-adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). We also observed that CXCR7 is highly expressed in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and metastatic breast tissue in human patient samples. In addition, high CXCR7 expression in tumors correlates with worse prognosis for both overall survival and lung metastasis-free survival in IDC patients.

Conclusion
These observations reveal that CXCR7 enhances breast cancer growth and metastasis via a novel pathway by modulating the tumor microenvironment. These findings identify CXCR7-mediated STAT3 activation and modulation of the tumor microenvironment as novel regulation of breast cancer growth and metastasis. These studies indicate that new strategies using CXCR7 inhibitors could be developed for antimetastatic therapy.
Serum cystatin C predicts vancomycin trough levels better than serum creatinine in hospitalized patients: a cohort study
Authors: Frazee Erin N , Rule Andrew D , Herrmann Sandra M , Kashani Kianoush B , Leung Nelson , Virk Abinash , Voskoboev Nikolay , Lieske John C 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Serum cystatin C can improve glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation over creatinine alone, but whether this translates into clinically relevant improvements in drug dosing is unclear.

Methods
This prospective cohort study enrolled adults receiving scheduled intravenous vancomycin while hospitalized at the Mayo Clinic in 2012. Vancomycin dosing was based on weight, serum creatinine with the Cockcroft-Gault equation, and clinical judgment. Cystatin C was later assayed from the stored serum used for the creatinine-based dosing. Vancomycin trough prediction models were developed by using factors available at therapy initiation. Residuals from each model were used to predict the proportion of patients who would have achieved the target trough with the model compared with that observed with usual care.

Results
Of 173 patients enrolled, only 35 (20%) had a trough vancomycin level within their target range (10 to 15 mg/L or 15 to 20 mg/L). Cystatin C-inclusive models better predicted vancomycin troughs than models based upon serum creatinine alone, although both were an improvement over usual care. The optimal model used estimated GFR by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaborative (CKD-EPI) creatinine-cystatin C equation (R
2
= 0.580). This model is expected to yield 54% (95% confidence interval 45% to 61%) target trough attainment (P <0.001 compared with the 20% with usual care).

Conclusions
Vancomycin dosing based on standard care with Cockcroft-Gault creatinine clearance yielded poor trough achievement. The developed dosing model with estimated GFR from CKD-EPIcreatinine-cystatin C could yield a 2.5-fold increase in target trough achievement compared with current clinical practice. Although this study is promising, prospective validation of this or similar cystatin C-inclusive dosing models is warranted.
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with [177Lu-DOTA0,Tyr3]octreotate in combination with RAD001 treatment: further investigations on tumor metastasis and response in the rat pancreatic CA20948 tumor model
Authors: Bison Sander M , Pool Stefan E , Koelewijn Stuart J , van der Graaf Linda M , Groen Harald C , Melis Marleen , de Jong Marion 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundPreviously, we reported on the unexpected development of distant metastases in the subcutaneous rat pancreas CA20948 tumor model after 4.5 weeks of treatment with RAD001-only or in combination with [177Lu-DOTA0,Tyr3]octreotate (177Lu-DOTATATE) (Cancer Res. 73:12-8, 2013). Moreover, the combination therapy was less effective compared to177Lu-DOTATATE-only. In the current study, we address the following questions: (1) Why was the combination therapy less effective? Is177Lu-DOTATATE tumor uptake affected by pretreatment with RAD001? (2) Could sudden cessation of RAD001 therapy cause the development of distant metastases? (3) Is177Lu-DOTATATE an effective treatment option for these metastases?MethodsLewis rats (HanHsd or SsNHsd substrain with a slight difference in immune response) bearing subcutaneous CA20948 tumors were treated with either 125 or 275 MBq177Lu-DOTATATE, RAD001, or their combination. RAD001 was given twice a week for 4.5 or 12 weeks, whereas177Lu-DOTATATE was given as a single injection. When combined, RAD001 was started either 3 days prior to or 3 days post administration of177Lu-DOTATATE. SPECT/CT was performed to quantify177Lu-DOTATATE tumor uptake. Where indicated, primary tumors were surgically removed when tumor size is >6,000 mm3to enable monitoring for possible metastasis. If metastases were suspected, an111In-DTPA-octreotide SPECT/CT scan was performed. Seven rats with metastases were treated with 400 MBq177Lu-DOTATATE.ResultsLu-DOTATATE tumor uptake was not significantly affected by RAD001 pretreatment. The occurrence of metastases after RAD001 treatment was not dose dependent in the dose range tested, nor was it related to the duration of RAD001 treatment. In the experiment in which the LEW/SsNsd substrain was used, only 12.5% of RAD001-treated rats showed complete response (CR), compared to 50% tumor regression in the control group. Re-treatment with a high dose of177Lu-DOTATATE resulted in CR in only two out of seven animals.ConclusionLess effective anti-tumor effects after the combination of RAD001 + 177Lu-DOTATATE could not be explained by reduced177Lu-DOTATATE tumor uptake after RAD001. Our current data support RAD001-induced immune suppression as the reason for this observation. No evidence was found that cessation of RAD001 treatment caused development of metastases. Metastases appeared to be less sensitive to177Lu-DOTATATE treatment than primary tumors.
Study of inter- and intra-observer reproducibility in the interpretation of [18F]choline PET/CT examinations in patients suffering from biochemically recurrent prostate cancer following curative treatment
Authors: Pegard Clothilde , Gallazzini-Crépin Céline , Giai Joris , Dubreuil Julien , Caoduro Cécile , Desruet Marie-Dominique , Roux Julie , Calizzano Alex , Fagret Daniel , Lamesa Chloé , Boulahdour Hatem , Vuillez Jean-Philippe 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the reproducibility of intra- and inter-observer interpretation of [18F]choline positron emission tomography/computed tomography examinations in patients suffering from biochemically recurrent prostate cancer following curative treatment.

Methods
A total of 60 patients with biochemical recurrence after curative treatment were included in this bicentric study. The interpretations were based on a systematic analysis of several anatomic regions and all the four nuclear medicine physicians used identical result consoles. The examinations were interpreted with no knowledge of the patients' clinical context. Two months later, a second interpretation of all these examinations was performed using the same method, in random order.

Results
To evaluate local recurrences, when the prostate is in place, the results showed moderate inter- and intra-observer reproducibility: concordance of all 4 physicians has a Fleiss' kappa coefficient of 0.553 with a confidence interval of (0.425 to 0.693). For patients who had had a prostatectomy, there was excellent concordance for the negative examinations. For the lymphatic basin, inter- and intra-observer reproducibility was excellent with a Fleiss' kappa coefficient of 0.892 with a confidence interval of (0.788 to 0.975). The lymphatic sub-group analysis was also good. For the lymphatic groups in the right or left hemi-pelves, all Fleiss' kappa and Cohen's kappa coefficients are varying from 0.760 to 1 with narrow confidence intervals from (0.536 to 0.984) to (1 to 1) in favour of good/excellent inter-observer reproducibility. To evaluate bone metastasis, inter-observer reproducibility was good with a Fleiss' kappa coefficient of 0.703 and a confidence interval of (0.407 to 0.881).

Conclusion
Our study is at time the only one on the reproducibility of interpretation of [18F]choline positron emission tomography/computed tomography examinations, which is a key examination for the treatment of patients suffering biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. Interpretation of the [18F]choline positron emission tomography/computed tomography examination is not so useful at prostate level in patients not previously treated with prostatectomy but has a great interest on patients treated by prostatectomy. It showed good concordance in the interpretation of sub-diaphragmatic lymphatic recurrences as well as in bone metastasis.
Comparison of mechanical properties of beta-titanium wires between leveled and unleveled brackets: an in vitro study
Authors: Insabralde Natalia Martins , Poletti Thaís , Conti Ana Cláudia , Oltramari-Navarro Paula Vanessa , Lopes Murilo B , Flores-Mir Carlos , de Almeida Marcio Rodrigues 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

Background
The objective of this study is to evaluate the force-deflection behavior of beta-titanium alloy wires between two leveled and unleveled bracket alignment scenarios using a three-point bending test.

Methods
Six groups of ten beta-titanium alloy wire segments (0.017 × 0.025-in. diameter) of different manufacturers (Orthometric, Ortho Organizers, GAC, Morelli, and Ormco) were used. Both brackets were bonded to an acrylic jig with a 10-mm interbracket distance. A 1-mm deflection test in two hypothetical conditions (with aligned brackets and by simulating a 2-mm horizontal displacement of the brackets) was explored. Forces of activation and deactivation of the wires during both tests were compared by an analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests followed by a Tukey test.

Results
A statistically significant difference was found in the force-deflection behavior between some of the wires in both simulated in vitro conditions. For the leveled-type alignment scenario, the differences between wires were up to 70 g (range 110 to 179 g). For the unleveled-type alignment scenario, these differences were up to 65 g (range 111 to 175 g).

Conclusions
The study showed some significant differences in forces generated during activation and deactivation among the five types of beta-titanium wires tested. In comparing leveled and unleveled brackets during activation, only Orthometric Beta Flexy and Ormco Beta-titanium were different between them.
Study of Side-chain Effects on the Properties of Anion-exchange Membrane with In Situ Photoswitch
Authors: Li Cunpu , Zhang Shiman , Wang Shubo , Xie Xiaofeng , Deng Changsheng , Ramani Vijay K 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
A crosslinked anion-exchange membrane (AEM) with an in situ photoswitch was synthesized. The side-chain effects on the properties of the AEM were studied using the same membrane sample in different status. The variances between the different samples were eliminated. The hydroxide conductivity of AEM could be increased by reducing the distance between the cations.
Improvement in the Caking Property of Lignite by Hydromodification in a CO–Subcritical Water System
Authors: Dong Dongliu , Zhang Yongfa , Zhao Yuqiong , Wang Qi 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The modification of noncaking lignite to coking coal was carried out using a CO–subcritical water reaction system, and the surface structure of the modified coal was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that the caking index (G) of the modified coals increases from 24 to 92 during the progress of catalytic hydromodification. Some oxygen-containing functional groups were removed, decreasing the concentration of C–O, C=O, and COO−.
Acenaphtho[1,2-j]fluoranthene-4,5-dicarboxyimides: A New Monoimide Showing Self-aggregation in Chloroform
Authors: Ozoe Hiroaki , Kitamura Chitoshi , Kurata Hiroyuki , Nishida Jun-ich , Kawase Takeshi 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The title imides possessing a planar acenaphthofluoranthene moiety were prepared by the Diels–Alder reaction of diacenaphtho[1,2-b:1′,2′-d]thiophene and maleic anhydride and subsequent treatment with amines. The reaction with maleimide afforded the corresponding 1:2 adduct displaying intense blue fluorescence in solution. Although the imides crystallize yellow needles, their amorphous solids are red. Concentration-dependent 1H NMR spectra of a N-octyl derivative reveal self-aggregation behavior in CDCl3.