bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breathing Pores on Command: Redox‐Responsive Spongy Membranes from Poly(ferrocenylsilane)s
Authors: Zhang Kaihuan , Feng Xueling , Sui Xiaofeng , Hempenius Mark A. , Vancso G. Julius 
Published: October 2014

AbstractRedox‐responsive porous membranes can be readily formed by electrostatic complexation between redox active poly(ferrocenylsilane) PFS‐based poly(ionic liquid)s and organic acids. Redox‐induced changes on this membrane demonstrated reversible switching between more open and more closed porous structures. By taking advantage of the structure changes in the oxidized and reduced states, the porous membrane exhibits reversible permeability control and shows great potential in gated filtration, catalysis, and controlled release.
Combining Topology and Sequence Design for the Discovery of Potent Antimicrobial Peptide Dendrimers against Multidrug‐Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Stach Michaela , Siriwardena Thissa N. , Köhler Thilo , van Delden Christian , Darbre Tamis , Reymond Jean‐Louis 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMultidrug‐resistant opportunistic bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, represent a major public health threat. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and related peptidomimetic systems offer an attractive opportunity to control these pathogens. AMP dendrimers (AMPDs) with high activity against multidrug‐resistant clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were now identified by a systematic survey of the peptide sequences within the branches of a distinct type of third‐generation peptide dendrimers. Combined topology and peptide sequence design as illustrated here represents a new and general strategy to discover new antimicrobial agents to fight multidrug‐resistant bacterial pathogens.
Intramolecular Anion Effect in Polyoxometalate‐Based Organocatalysts: Reactivity Enhancement and Chirality Transfer by a Metal Oxide–Organic Cation Interaction
Authors: Brazel Christian , Dupré Nathalie , Malacria Max , Hasenknopf Bernold , Lacôte Emmanuel , Thorimbert Serge 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAn α1‐Dawson polyanion bearing a lateral side chain with a 4‐aminopyridine end group was synthesized. This organopolyoxometalate catalyzes the addition of indenyl allyl silanes to cinnamoyl fluorides. The polyanionic framework influences the organocatalyst activity and selectivity. A moderate but nonzero chirality transfer from the chiral inorganic framework to the organic substrate was observed.
Experimental and Computational Studies of a Multi‐Electron Donor–Acceptor Ligand Containing the Thiazolo[5,4‐d]thiazole Core and its Incorporation into a Metal–Organic Framework
Authors: Rizzuto Felix J. , Faust Thomas B. , Chan Bun , Hua Carol , D'Alessandro Deanna M. , Kepert Cameron J. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA ligand containing the thiazolo[5,4‐d]thiazole (TzTz) core (acceptor) with terminal triarylamine moieties (donors), N,N′‐(thiazolo[5,4‐d]thiazole‐2,5‐diylbis(4,1‐phenylene))bis(N‐(pyridine‐4‐yl)pyridin‐4‐amine (1), was designed as a donor–acceptor system for incorporation into electronically active metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). The capacity for the ligand to undergo multiple sequential oxidation and reduction processes was examined using UV/Vis‐near‐infrared spectroelectrochemistry (UV/Vis‐NIR SEC) in combination with DFT calculations. The delocalized nature of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) was found to inhibit charge‐transfer interactions between the terminal triarylamine moieties upon oxidation, whereas radical species localized on the TzTz core were formed upon reduction. Conversion of 1 to diamagnetic 2+ and 4+ species resulted in marked changes in the emission spectra. Incorporation of this highly delocalized multi‐electron donor–acceptor ligand into a new two‐dimensional MOF, [Zn(NO3)2(1)] (2), resulted in an inhibition of the oxidation processes, but retention of the reduction capability of 1. Changes in the electrochemistry of 1 upon integration into 2 are broadly consistent with the geometric and electronic constraints enforced by ligation.
Facile Synthesis of Copper‐Based Metal Oxide Nanoparticles with Exceptional Catalytic Activity for the Selective Oxidation of Styrenes into Benzaldehydes
Authors: Ge Danhua , Wang Jiaqing , Geng Hongbo , Lu Shuanglong , Wang Dongtao , Li Xinming , Zhao Xianli , Cao Xueqin , Gu Hongwei 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe development of highly efficient catalysts for the selective oxidation of styrene to benzaldehyde has attracted great attention in recent years because of its significance in synthetic chemistry. In this study, two different kinds of copper‐based metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), namely, CuO and CuO/Co3O4 NPs, were synthesized by a simple and scalable method, and these nanoparticles demonstrated efficient catalytic abilities for the selective oxidation of styrene and its derivatives to the corresponding aldehydes in the presence of tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) under mild reaction conditions in excellent yields. Importantly, both of the heterogeneous catalysts can be recycled up to five runs while still maintaining their high catalytic activity.
A new internet of things group search optimizer
Authors: Feng Xiang , Liu Xiaoting , Yu Huiqun 
Published: October 2014

SummaryThe development of the Internet of Things brings new opportunities and challenges for sensor networks. The scale of sensor networks tends to be larger. And the fusion rules need to be intelligent. In this paper, we propose a new Internet of Things group search optimizer (ITGSO) to solve intelligent information fusion problems in the high‐dimensional multi‐sensor networks. ITGSO is inspired by the latest research achievement about leader decision in Nature and works about social coordination, which mainly consists of three parts: basic group search optimizer, binary group search optimizer, and social decision model. With ITGSO, we need less time to obtain minimum Bayes cost than particle swarm optimization. And information of uncertain social intelligent problems can be fused. In this paper, we give the theoretical basic of ITGSO and proved its validity via mathematical analysis and simulation results. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Production and Anticipatory Hedging under Time‐Inconsistent Preferences
Authors: Lien Donald , Yu Chia‐Feng (Jeffrey) 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis paper analyzes the production and hedging decisions of a competitive firm under price uncertainty and time‐inconsistent preferences. We show that the firm would over‐hedge and the output choice would be affected by the firm's preferences and the price distribution, thereby identifying a novel circumstance under which the full‐hedge theorem and the separation theorem may fail. Furthermore, when the firm can hedge at the same time as production or ahead of production, ex ante firm value is higher in the former case, suggesting that planning ahead for price risk may backfire in the presence of time‐inconsistent preferences. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 35:961–985, 2015
Bioactives in cactus (Opuntia ficus‐indica) stems possess potent antioxidant and pro‐apoptotic activities through COX‐2 involvement
Authors: Kim Jinhee , Soh Soon Yil , Shin Juha , Cho Chi‐Woung , Choi Young Hee , Nam Sang‐Yong 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDBioactives extracted from cactus (Opuntia ficus‐indica) stems were investigated for their chemopreventive activities using human cancer cells in vitro. The bioactives present in crude extracts were detected and quantified using high‐performance liquid chromatography.RESULTSAmong all the extracts, such as hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), acetone, methanol (MeOH), and MeOH:water (80:20), the MeOH extract had the highest amount of polyphenolic compounds and the acetone extract exhibited the most potent effect at scavenging the 2,2,‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′‐azino‐di‐(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline)‐6‐sulfonic acid (ABTS•+) radical. In addition, most of the extracts, with the exception of hexane, exhibited significant cytotoxicity in human SW480 colon and MCF7 breast cancer cells. Overall, the SW480 cells were more sensitive than the MCF7 cells to the cytotoxic effect of the O. ficus‐indica extracts (OFEs). Cell death by OFE treatment caused significant inhibition of cyclooxygenase‐2 and increased the Bax/Bcl2 ratio in both SW480 and MCF7 cell lines. However, degradation of poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase was significantly increased by OFE only in the MCF7 cells, thereby inducing apoptosis.CONCLUSIONThese findings demonstrate the health‐benefit roles, including anti‐oxidative and anti‐proliferative activities as well as pro‐apoptotic effects, of bioactive compounds in OFEs, suggesting a chemopreventive role in human cancer cells. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Relation of mean platelet volume and red blood cell distribution width with epistaxis
Authors: Kemal Ozgur , Müderris Togay , Sevil Ergün , Kutlar Gökhan 
Published: October 2014

Objectives/HypothesisMean platelet volume is the measurement of the average size of platelets in the blood, and red blood cell distribution width is the variability of the size of red blood cells in circulation. This study aimed to investigate if there was any relationship between mean platelet volume, red blood cell distribution, and epistaxis.Study DesignProspective controlled trial.MethodsThe study included 90 patients admitted to Ankara Atatürk Hospital and Samsun Medicana Hospital with complaints of recurrent epistaxis, and a control group of 90 healthy subjects. Blood samples were taken from all patients and control group subjects. Mean platelet volume and red blood cell distribution parameters were examined and compared between the two groups.ResultsThe mean platelet volume levels were determined as 8.86 ± 0.1 in the control group and 8.36 ± 0.1 in the patient group. The difference between the two groups with respect to mean platelet volume was statistically significant (P < .05). The mean red blood cell distribution levels were determined as 12.68 ± 0.32 in the control group and 11.90 ± 0.16 in the patient group. The difference between the two groups with respect to red blood cell distribution was also statistically significant (P < .05).ConclusionsThe results of this study showed a clinical finding of lower mean platelet volume and red blood cell distribution levels in epistaxis. These findings could be beneficial in new investigations into epistaxis mechanisms.Level of Evidence3b. Laryngoscope, 125:788–790, 2015
Patient knowledge and perception of computed tomography scan in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis symptoms
Authors: Daramola Opeyemi O. , Lidder Alcina K. , Ramli Ramiza , Chandra Rakesh K. , Shintani‐Smith Stephanie , Conley David B. , Kern Robert C. , Tan Bruce K. 
Published: October 2014

Objectives/HypothesisThe objective of this study was to report patients' knowledge and comfort level with computed tomography (CT) imaging for sinus disease and evaluate patient willingness to undergo empiric medical therapy (EMT) versus CT‐directed therapy (CTDT).Study DesignProspective survey study.MethodsA 22‐item survey was administered to patients with nasal/sinus symptoms in a tertiary care rhinology clinic. Questions elicited patient demographics, imaging history, and knowledge/comfort regarding imaging‐related radiation exposure. Patients were presented with the theoretical choice of EMT versus CTDT, given the expected positive predictive value, in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) management.ResultsTwo hundred patients (52% female, age range 18–83 years) participated. Of these, 85% had symptoms for over 3 months. Only 91 patients (45.5%) were aware that CT imaging involved radiation exposure. Prior CT experience and past sinus surgery (P < .05), but not sex or education level, were associated with increased comfort with CT imaging. Most patients (78%) preferred CTDT over EMT. If a CT sinus was recommended, 77 patients (38.5%) had concerns, of which 26% identified radiation exposure as the leading concern. The majority (70%) were unsure about the relative radiation dose of a conventional CT.ConclusionsPatients with CRS symptoms prefer CTDT over EMT if a diagnosis cannot be established definitively using exam findings. Although most patients deferred to the physician regarding the decision to utilize CT imaging, there is low awareness of CT‐related radiation exposure, and a significant minority of patients have radiation‐related concerns with regard to medical imaging for nasal and sinus symptoms.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 125:791–795, 2015
Multifunctional polyacrylonitrile‐ZnO/Ag electrospun nanofiber membranes with various ZnO morphologies for photocatalytic, UV‐shielding, and antibacterial applications
Authors: Chen Yen‐Yu , Kuo Chi‐Ching , Chen Bo‐Yu , Chiu Pei‐Chi , Tsai Ping‐Chun 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTNew multifunctional polyacrylonitrile (PAN)‐ZnO/Ag composite electrospun nanofiber membranes consisting of pineal‐type, flower‐type, and sea‐urchin‐type ZnO morphologies were prepared using a single‐capillary electrospinning technique, hydrothermal ZnO synthesis, and Ag reduction. The various ZnO architectures exhibited differences in photocatalytic activity and UV‐shielding efficiency, and were ranked as follows: sea‐urchin type > flower type > pineal type. Sea‐urchin‐type ZnO features a higher surface‐to‐volume ratio than other ZnO architectures do because of its distinctive structure, thus yielding higher performance. The present study demonstrated that self‐standing PAN‐ZnO/Ag composite fiber membranes, especially those with the sea‐urchin‐type ZnO structure, can be applied in multifunctional textiles such as water purification filters and antibacterial and UV‐shielding clothes. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2015, 53, 262–269
Facile and fast combustion synthesis and characterization of novel carbon nanostructures
Authors: Huczko Andrzej , Dąbrowska Agnieszka , Łabędź Olga , Soszyński Michał , Bystrzejewski Michał , Baranowski Piotr , Bhatta Rita , Pokhrel Balram , Kafle Bhim Prasad , Stelmakh Swietlana , Gierlotka Stanisław , Dyjak Sławomir 
Published: October 2014

We present the exploratory results on fast combustion synthesis (CS) of carbon‐related nanomaterials including the exfoliated graphite. We found earlier that different solid compositions containing strong reducers and carbon‐bearing oxidizers could yield carbon vapors that may instantly condense toward 1D and 2D nanocarbons. Here, such a combustion route is extended toward the processing of the mixtures of a strong reducer (Mg, Si, AlH3, CaH2, or BH3NH3) and a strong oxidizer (C2.78F2, TEFLON® PTFE (CF2)n or PVC (C2H3Cl)n) in a heterogeneous, efficient, autothermic, high‐pressure, and high‐temperature reaction. The combustions were carried out both under neutral (Ar) and active atmosphere (CO2) at the starting pressure equal to 10 atm. The solid products (layered graphite and nanocarbides) were chemically purified and characterized using XRD, SEM, TEM, and Raman spectroscopy. Combustion synthesis reaction chambers.
Intermittency and synchronized motion of red blood cell dynamics in shear flow
Authors: Cordasco Daniel , Bagchi Prosenjit 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe present the first full-scale computational evidence of intermittent and synchronized dynamics of red blood cells in shear flow. These dynamics are characterized by the coexistence of a tumbling motion in which the cell behaves like a rigid body and a tank-treading motion in which the cell behaves like a liquid drop. In the intermittent dynamics, we observe sequences of tumbling interrupted by swinging, as well as sequences of swinging interrupted by tumbling. In the synchronized dynamics, the tumbling and membrane rotation are observed to occur simultaneously with integer ratios of the rotational frequencies. These dynamics are shown to be dependent on the stress-free state of the cytoskeleton, and are explained based on the cell membrane energy landscape.
An exploratory study of the associations between maternal iron status in pregnancy and childhood wheeze and atopy
Authors: Nwaru Bright I. , Hayes Helen , Gambling Lorraine , Craig Leone C. A. , Allan Keith , Prabhu Nanda , Turner Steven W. , McNeill Geraldine , Erkkola Maijaliisa , Seaton Anthony , McArdle Harry J. , Devereux Graham 
Published: October 2014

Maternal nutritional status during pregnancy has been reported to be associated with childhood asthma and atopic disease. The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children has reported associations between reduced umbilical cord Fe status and childhood wheeze and eczema; however, follow-up was short and lung function was not measured. In the present study, the associations between maternal Fe status during pregnancy and childhood outcomes in the first 10 years of life were investigated in a subgroup of 157 mother–child pairs from a birth cohort with complete maternal, fetal ultrasound, blood and child follow-up data. Maternal Fe intake was assessed using FFQ at 32 weeks of gestation and Hb concentrations and serum Fe status (ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor and TfR-F (transferrin receptor:ferritin) index) were measured at 11 weeks of gestation and at delivery. Maternal Fe intake, Hb concentrations and serum Fe status were found to be not associated with fetal or birth measurements. Unit increases in first-trimester maternal serum TfR concentrations (OR 1·44, 95 % CI 1·05, 1·99) and TfR-F index (OR 1·42, 95 % CI 1·10, 1·82) (i.e. decreasing Fe status) were found to be associated with an increased risk of wheeze, while unit increases in serum ferritin concentrations (i.e. increasing Fe status) were found to be associated with increases in standardised mean peak expiratory flow (PEF) (β 0·25, 95 % CI 0·09, 0·42) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) (β 0·20, 95 % CI 0·08, 0·32) up to 10 years of age. Increasing maternal serum TfR-F index at delivery was found to be associated with an increased risk of atopic sensitisation (OR 1·35, 95 % CI 1·02, 1·79). The results of the present study suggest that reduced maternal Fe status during pregnancy is adversely associated with childhood wheeze, lung function and atopic sensitisation, justifying further studies on maternal Fe status and childhood asthma and atopic disease.
Direct interaction of Plk4 with STIL ensures formation of a single procentriole per parental centriole
Authors: Ohta Midori , Ashikawa Tomoko , Nozaki Yuka , Kozuka-Hata Hiroko , Goto Hidemasa , Inagaki Masaki , Oyama Masaaki , Kitagawa Daiju 
Published: October 2014

AbstractFormation of one procentriole next to each pre-existing centriole is essential for centrosome duplication, robust bipolar spindle assembly and maintenance of genome integrity. However, the mechanisms maintaining strict control over centriole copy number are incompletely understood. Here we show that Plk4 and STIL, the key regulators of centriole formation, form a protein complex that provides a scaffold for recruiting HsSAS-6, a major component of the centriolar cartwheel, at the onset of procentriole formation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that phosphorylation of STIL by Plk4 facilitates the STIL/HsSAS-6 interaction and centriolar loading of HsSAS-6. We also provide evidence that negative feedback by centriolar STIL regulates bimodal centriolar distribution of Plk4 and seemingly restricts occurrence of procentriole formation to one site on each parental centriole. Overall, these findings suggest a mechanism whereby coordinated action of three critical factors ensures formation of a single procentriole per parental centriole.
Interleukin 1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) mutation is a common, essential driver for Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus lymphoma
Authors: Yang Dongmei , Chen Wuguo , Xiong Jie , Sherrod Carly J. , Henry David H. , Dittmer Dirk P. 
Published: October 2014

Significance
Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is an AIDS-defining cancer. It is associated with Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. To date, no sequencing studies have been conducted for this cancer. We used X chromosome-targeted next-generation sequencing to identify 33 genes with coding region mutations in 100% of cases, including in interleukin 1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1). IRAK1 kinase modulates toll-like receptor signaling-mediated immune signaling. It binds to MyD88 adapter protein, which is mutated in a subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. IRAK1, however, had not been linked to cancer. This IRAK1 mutant is constitutively active and essential for PEL survival. This highlights the importance of innate immunity signaling as drivers for cancer, particularly those caused by viruses. It also suggests IRAK1 kinase may be a potential target for therapy.
The Trumanite Network
Authors: Glennon Michael J. 
Published: October 2014

This chapter describes the origins, operation, and characteristics of the Trumanite network that defines and manages U.S. security policy. The network emerged during the Truman administration, with the support of liberal democrats in Congress and over the opposition of conservative Republicans, who expressed concern about creating a “Gestapo” or “garrison state” run by “power-grabbing bureaucrats.” The tightly knit network consists today of the several hundred officials who run the nation’s vast military, intelligence, law enforcement, and diplomatic apparatus, which is largely removed from public view. They are expert, efficient, hard-working, secretive, nonideological, and process-oriented, inclined to stick with existing policy, define security in military terms, exaggerate security threats, eschew dissent, and resist accountability. The gravitational pull leads to groupthink, excessive path dependence, and security programs that are “sticky down.”
BBGKY Hierarchy, Kinetic Theories and the Boltzmann Equation
Authors: Campa A. , Dauxois T. , Fanelli D. , Ruffo S. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis chapter introduces to the study of the dynamics of many-body systems. The reduced distribution functions and their dynamics, determined by the equations of the BBGKY hierarchy, are presented. It is explained how kinetic theories are based on plausible approximations of the first equations of the hierarchy; this leads to a truncation of the hierarchy and to a closed equation for the one-particle distribution function. The derivation of the Boltzmann equation, suitable for diluted short-range systems, is then offered in detail. Through the study of the important H-theorem, it is shown that the macroscopic irreversibility is built upon in the kinetic equations. The apparent contradiction with the reversibility of the microscopic equations of motion is resolved by the appropriate interpretation of the physical meaning of the collisional term of the kinetic equations.
Out-of-Equilibrium Dynamics and Slow Relaxation
Authors: Campa A. , Dauxois T. , Fanelli D. , Ruffo S. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn this Chapter the peculiar out-of-equilibrium behaviour of systems subject to long-range coupling is discussed. The existence of the so called quasi stationary states (QSS) is numerically demonstrated using the Hamiltonian Mean Field model as a reference case study. The process of relaxation of a test particle in contact with a thermal reservoir is studied and shown to yield a Fokker Planck equation at the leading order of a system size expansion. The emergence of QSS is then analyzed in terms of attractive Vlasov equilibria. The statistical maximum entropy theory pioneered by Lynden-Bell allows one to explicitly calculate the equilibrium solution of the Vlasov equation and quantitatively explain the QSS features. The method is successfully applied to the HMF model and shown to predict out-of-equilibrium phase transitions from magnetized to homogeneous phases. The core halo solution, an alternative approach to the QSS, is finally reviewed.