bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance-Based Outcomes After Nonoperative Treatment, Discectomy, and/or Fusion for a Lumbar Disc Herniation in National Hockey League Athletes
Authors: Schroeder Gregory D. , McCarthy Kathryn J. , Micev Alan J. , Terry Michael A. , Hsu Wellington K. 
Published: August 2013

Background: Ice hockey players have a high incidence of lumbar spine disorders; however, there is no evidence in the literature to guide the treatment of an ice hockey player with a herniated lumbar disc. Purpose: To determine the performance-based outcomes in professional National Hockey League (NHL) athletes with a lumbar disc herniation after either nonsurgical or surgical treatment. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods: Athletes in the NHL with a lumbar disc herniation were identified through team injury reports and archives on public record. The return-to-play rate, games played per season, points per game, and performance score for each player were determined before and after the diagnosis of a lumbar disc herniation. Statistical analysis was used to compare preinjury and postinjury performance measures for players treated with either nonsurgical or surgical treatment. Results: A total of 87 NHL players met the inclusion criteria; 31 underwent nonoperative care, 48 underwent a discectomy, and 8 underwent a single-level fusion. The return-to-play rate for all players was 85%. There was a significant decrease in performance in all players after a lumbar disc herniation in games played per season, points scored per game, and performance score. A comparison of the posttreatment results for the nonsurgical and surgical patient groups revealed no significant difference in performance measures. Notably, the lumbar fusion group did not show a decrease in games played per season or performance score after surgery, likely secondary to a small sample size. Conclusion: National Hockey League players with a lumbar disc herniation have a high return-to-play rate regardless of the type of treatment; however, performance-based outcomes may decrease compared with preinjury levels. The study data suggest that a lumbar fusion is compatible with a return to play in the NHL, which is in contrast to other professional sports.
The relationship between environmental exposure to cadmium and lead and blood selenium concentration in randomly selected population of children inhabiting industrial regions of Silesian Voivodship (Poland)
Authors: Gać P , Pawlas N , Poręba R , Poręba M , Pawlas K 
Published: August 2013

This study aimed at determining the relationship between environmental exposure to lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) and blood selenium (Se) concentration in randomly selected population of children inhabiting the industrial regions of Silesian Voivodship, Poland. The study was conducted on a group of consecutive randomly selected 349 children aged below 15 years and inhabiting the industrial regions in Upper Silesia. The examined variables included whole blood Cd concentration (Cd-B), whole blood Pb concentration (Pb-B) and whole blood Se concentration (Se-B). The concentration of Cd-B, Pb-B and Se-B in the studied group of children amounted to 0.26 ± 0.14, 37.62 ± 25.30 and 78.31 ± 12.82 μg/L, respectively. In the entire examined group a statistically significant negative linear relationship was noted between Pb-B and Se-B ( r = −0.12, p < 0.05). Also, a statistically insignificant negative correlation was detected between Cd-B and Se-B ( r = −0.02, p > 0.05) and a statistically insignificant positive correlation between Pb-B and Cd-B ( r = 0.08, p > 0.05). A multivariate backward stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that in the studied group of children higher Pb-B and a more advanced age-represented independent risk factors for a decreased Se-B. Environmental exposure to Pb may represent an independent risk factor for Se deficit in blood of the studied population of children. In children, the lowered Se-B may create one of the mechanisms in which Pb unfavourably affects human body.
Treatment of osteoporosis in men with bisphosphonates: rationale and latest evidence
Authors: Sim Ie-Wen , Ebeling Peter R. 
Published: August 2013

Osteoporosis in men contributes to significant morbidity and mortality. Hip fractures in men are associated with greater mortality compared with women, with a mortality rate of up to 37.5% within a year following the fracture. Its timely diagnosis and treatment are therefore essential. However, despite one-third of all hip fractures worldwide occurring in men, osteoporosis in men remains an immensely under-recognized and undertreated public health problem. Bisphosphonates are well studied first-line treatments for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and have been shown to reduce fragility fractures at all clinically important sites (vertebral, nonvertebral, hip and wrist). However, the majority of studies of oral or intravenous bisphosphonate therapy in men with osteoporosis report effects on surrogate markers, including bone mineral density (BMD) and biochemical bone turnover markers, rather than on fragility fractures. Oral or intravenous bisphosphonate therapy increases spinal, total hip and femoral neck BMD compared with placebo in men with osteoporosis. Both bone resorption and bone formation markers are decreased following bisphosphonate therapy, with the onset of the decrease in bone formation markers being delayed. In a study of intravenous zoledronic acid given to older men and women following a hip fracture, any clinical vertebral and nonvertebral fractures were all reduced compared with placebo infusions. In addition, mortality was reduced in patients who received zoledronic acid. Recent studies in men with osteoporosis have increasingly reported reductions in incident vertebral fractures with oral or intravenous bisphosphonate therapy, although all studies have been underpowered to detect effects on nonvertebral and hip fracture outcomes. Bisphosphonates have a role as monotherapy, as consolidative therapy after a course of teriparatide therapy, or in combination with testosterone replacement in men with hypogonadism and osteoporosis. Bisphosphonate therapy is validated and important in the treatment of osteoporosis in men.
Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma in the USA, 2000–2010: A detailed report on frequency, treatment and outcome based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database
Authors: Eggert Tobias , McGlynn Katherine A , Duffy Austin , Manns Michael P , Greten Tim F , Altekruse Sean F 
Published: August 2013

ObjectiveEpidemiological and clinical information on fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (fHCC) is scarce. We performed a Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database analysis with the aim of collecting information to better understand the biology and clinical aspects of this rare disease.DesignIncidence trends, race‐ and age‐specific rates, tumor size, first course surgery and five‐year relative survival of 191 US cases (SEER) diagnosed with fHCC during 2000–2010 were compared to cases with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), HCC‐not otherwise specified (HCC‐NOS) and other HCC‐types.ResultsWhile HCC‐NOS incidence rates increased by 5.2% annually from 2000–2008 (p  < 0.05) before leveling, the 1.3% change in fHCC incidence was not statistically significant. The rates of fHCC were similar across ethnic groups while HCC‐NOS incidence rates were higher among non‐whites. Although 16% of fHCC patients had primary tumors ≤5 cm compared to 37% of HCC‐NOS cases five‐year survival was better among fHCC (34%) than HCC‐NOS cases (16%). Fibrolamellar HCC cases of 0–39 years of age were more likely to receive radiofrequency ablation, transplant or resection than HCC‐NOS cases of that age. Survival was similar among fibrolamellar and HCC‐NOS cases receiving surgery.ConclusionIn this largest case series, fibrolamellar and HCC‐NOS age‐ and race‐specific incidence rates and time trends differed. Despite larger tumor size than HCC‐NOS cases fibrolamellar cases received surgery more often and had better survival rates. Differences in co‐morbidity may influence treatment. Studies of fHCC biology, including by age, are recommended.
Symptom pattern following a meal challenge test in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and healthy controls
Authors: Posserud Iris , Strid Hans , Störsrud Stine , Törnblom Hans , Svensson Ulla , Tack Jan , Van Oudenhove Lukas , Simrén Magnus 
Published: August 2013

Background:Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) often complain of worsening of symptoms after meal intake. Meal challenge tests have previously been used to study symptoms and pathophysiology in functional dyspepsia.Objective:The objective of this article is to evaluate differences in gastrointestinal (GI) symptom response to a standardized meal test in IBS compared to healthy controls.Methods:We included 67 patients with IBS and 16 healthy controls. After an overnight fast the subjects were served breakfast (540 kcal; 36% fat, 15% proteins, 49% carbohydrates; 8.9 g fiber). They completed visual analog scales assessing severity of six GI symptoms (abdominal pain, bloating, discomfort, nausea, gas, fullness) before breakfast and every 30 minutes up to 240 minutes after breakfast. The patients also completed a questionnaire (IBS‐SSS) to assess IBS symptom severity during the preceding week. The course of symptom scores over time was analyzed using mixed models.Results:The meal was well tolerated and all subjects completed the test period. In patients, significant effects of time (initial increase to a maximum, followed by a return to baseline) were found for fullness, bloating, nausea and discomfort (all p values < 0.01 for linear, quadratic and third‐order effect of time). In IBS patients, an independent significant association between IBS‐SSS scores and all postprandial symptoms, except for nausea, was found (all p  < 0.01). In controls, a significant linear, quadratic and third‐order effect of time (all p  < 0.0001) was found for fullness only. The difference in time course for bloating and discomfort between IBS patients and controls was confirmed when comparing the groups directly (significant time‐by‐group interaction effects, all p  < 0.05), but not for nausea. On average, IBS patients scored significantly higher than controls on all symptoms, except for nausea (significant main effects of group, all p  < 0.05).Conclusions:A standardized meal test seems to be a promising tool to study the symptom pattern in IBS and potentially to follow the effect of interventions.
The societal gain of medical development and innovation in gastroenterology
Authors: den Hoed Caroline M , Isendoorn Kees , Klinkhamer Wouter , Gupta Anshu , Kuipers Ernst J 
Published: August 2013

BackgroundGastroenterology has over the past 30 years evolved very rapidly. The societal benefits to which this has led are incompletely determined, yet form a mandate to determine the need for future innovations and further development of the field. A more thorough understanding of societal benefits may help to determine future goals and improve decision making.AimsThe objective of this article is to determine the societal gains of medical innovations in the field of gastroenterology in the past and future, using peptic ulcer disease as an example of past innovation and the implementation of colorectal cancer screening as an illustration of future gains.MethodsLiterature searches were performed for data on peptic ulcer and colorectal cancer epidemiology, treatment outcomes, and costs. National and governmental databases in the Netherlands were searched to obtain the input for calculations of quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs), health‐adjusted life expectancy (HALE), and the corresponding societal benefit.ResultsSince 1980 the improvements in peptic ulcer treatment have had a limited impact on life expectancy, rising from 83.6 years to 83.7 years, but have led to a yearly gain of 46,000 QALYs, caused by improved quality of life. These developments in the field of peptic ulcer translated into a yearly gain of 1.8 billion to 7.8 billion euros in 2008 compared with the 1980s.Mortality due to colorectal cancer is high, with 21.6 deaths per 100,000 per year in the Netherlands (European Standardized Rate (ESR)). The future implementation of a nationwide call‐recall colorectal cancer screening by means of biennial fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) is expected to result in a 50%–80% mortality reduction and thus a gain of an estimated 35,000 life years per year, corresponding to 26,000 QALYs per year. The effects of the implementation of FIT screening can be translated to a future societal gain of 1.0 billion to 4.4 billion euro.ConclusionsThe innovations and developments in the field of gastroenterology have led to significant societal gains in the past three decades. This process will continue in the near future as a result of further developments. These calculations provide a template for calculations on the need for specialist training as well as research and implementation of new developments in our field.
Identification in CLL of circulating intraclonal subgroups with varying B-cell receptor expression and function
Authors: Coelho Vânia , Krysov Sergey , Steele Andrew , Sanchez Hidalgo Marina , Johnson Peter W. , Chana Prabhjoat S. , Packham Graham , Stevenson Freda K. , Forconi Francesco 
Published: August 2013

Key Points
The study reveals that circulating CLL cells contain intraclonal subgroups that differ in the level of signal-responsive surface IgM. Subgroups with higher surface IgM express more CXCR4, potentially predicting a dangerous ability to migrate to tissue and engage antigen.
Ovariectomy expands murine short-term hemopoietic stem cell function through T cell expressed CD40L and Wnt10B
Authors: Li Jau-Yi , Adams Jonathan , Calvi Laura M. , Lane Timothy F. , Weitzmann M. Neale , Pacifici Roberto 
Published: August 2013

Key Points
Ovariectomy expands short-term hemopoietic stem and progenitor cells and improves engraftment and host survival after bone marrow transplantation. T cells are required for ovariectomy to expand hemopoietic stem and progenitor cells.
Pomalidomide, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: a multicenter phase 1/2 open-label study
Authors: Larocca Alessandra , Montefusco Vittorio , Bringhen Sara , Rossi Davide , Crippa Claudia , Mina Roberto , Galli Monica , Marcatti Magda , La Verde Giacinto , Giuliani Nicola , Magarotto Valeria , Guglielmelli Tommasina , Rota-Scalabrini Delia , Omedé Paola , Santagostino Alberto , Baldi Ileana , Carella Angelo Michele , Boccadoro Mario , Corradini Paolo , Palumbo Antonio 
Published: August 2013

Key Points
Pomalidomide-cyclophosphamide-prednisone is an active combination in multiple myeloma patients who are relapsed/refractory to lenalidomide.
Anti-β2GPI antibodies stimulate endothelial cell microparticle release via a nonmuscle myosin II motor protein-dependent pathway
Authors: Betapudi Venkaiah , Lominadze George , Hsi Linda , Willard Belinda , Wu Meifang , McCrae Keith R. 
Published: August 2013

Key PointsActivation of endothelial cells by anti-β2GPI antibodies causes myosin RLC phosphorylation, leading to actin-myosin association. In response to anti-β2GPI antibodies, release of endothelial microparticles, but not E-selectin expression, requires actomyosin assembly.
Mutant IDH1 promotes leukemogenesis in vivo and can be specifically targeted in human AML
Authors: Chaturvedi Anuhar , Araujo Cruz Michelle Maria , Jyotsana Nidhi , Sharma Amit , Yun Haiyang , Görlich Kerstin , Wichmann Martin , Schwarzer Adrian , Preller Matthias , Thol Felicitas , Meyer Johann , Haemmerle Reinhard , Struys Eduard A. , Jansen Erwin E. , Modlich Ute , Li Zhixiong , Sly Laura M. , Geffers Robert , Lindner Robert , Manstein Dietmar J. , Lehmann Ulrich , Krauter Jürgen , Ganser Arnold , Heuser Michael 
Published: August 2013

Key Points
IDH1 promotes leukemogenesis in vivo in cooperation with HoxA9. Pharmacologic inhibition of mutant IDH1 efficiently inhibits AML cells of IDH1-mutated patients but not of normal CD34+ bone marrow cells.
The biology and clinical impact of genetic lesions in myeloid malignancies
Authors: Lindsley R. Coleman , Ebert Benjamin L. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
A longstanding endeavor to define the genetic lesions that drive myeloid malignances has stimulated a period of remarkable discovery. Enabled by technological advances that have sharply decreased the cost of DNA sequencing, the full compendium of common, recurrent somatic mutations in the coding genome of myeloid malignancies is nearly complete. As the focus of genetic discovery shifts to the noncoding genome, renewed attention is being applied to the clinical and biological implications of recent genomic advances. Although the potential for this newfound knowledge to influence the care of patients has not yet been realized, broad genetic surveys of patient samples are now being used to improve the accuracy of disease diagnosis, define a molecular taxonomy of myeloid malignancies, refine prognostic and predictive models, and identify novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we will review recent advances in the genetics of myeloid malignancies and discuss their potential impact on clinical practice.
Estimates for operators on weighted Morrey spaces and their applications to nondivergence elliptic equations
Authors: Shi Shaoguang , Fu Zunwei , Zhao Fayou 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
In this paper, we study the norm inequalities for sublinear operators and their commutators on weighted Morrey spaces. As application, the regularity in the weighted Morrey spaces of strong solutions to nondivergence elliptic equations with

V
M
O

coefficients is considered.

MSC:42B20, 35J25.
The sea lamprey has a primordial accessory olfactory system
Authors: Chang Steven , Chung-Davidson Yu-Wen , Libants Scot V , Nanlohy Kaben G , Kiupel Matti , Brown C Titus , Li Weiming 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Background
A dual olfactory system, represented by two anatomically distinct but spatially proximate chemosensory epithelia that project to separate areas of the forebrain, is known in several classes of tetrapods. Lungfish are the earliest evolving vertebrates known to have this dual system, comprising a main olfactory and a vomeronasal system (VNO). Lampreys, a group of jawless vertebrates, have a single nasal capsule containing two anatomically distinct epithelia, the main (MOE) and the accessory olfactory epithelia (AOE). We speculated that lamprey AOE projects to specific telencephalic regions as a precursor to the tetrapod vomeronasal system.

Results
To test this hypothesis, we characterized the neural circuits and molecular profiles of the accessory olfactory epithelium in the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus). Neural tract-tracing revealed direct and reciprocal connections with the dorsomedial telencephalic neuropil (DTN) which in turn projects directly to the dorsal pallium and the rostral hypothalamus. High-throughput sequencing demonstrated that the main and the accessory olfactory epithelia have virtually identical profiles of expressed genes. Real time quantitative PCR confirmed expression of representatives of all 3 chemoreceptor gene families identified in the sea lamprey genome.

Conclusion
Anatomical and molecular evidence shows that the sea lamprey has a primordial accessory olfactory system that may serve a chemosensory function.
Longitudinal transcriptomic dysregulation in the peripheral blood of transgenic Huntington’s disease monkeys
Authors: Kocerha Jannet , Liu Yuhong , Willoughby David , Chidamparam Kumaravel , Benito Joseph , Nelson Kate , Xu Yan , Chi Tim , Engelhardt Heidi , Moran Sean , Yang Shang-Hsun , Li Shi-Hua , Li Xiao-Jiang , Larkin Katherine , Neumann Adam , Banta Heather , Yang Jin Jing , Chan Anthony WS 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Background
Huntington’s Disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expansion in the polyglutamine (polyQ) region of the Huntingtin (HTT) gene. The clinical features of HD are characterized by cognitive, psychological, and motor deficits. Molecular instability, a core component in neurological disease progression, can be comprehensively evaluated through longitudinal transcriptomic profiling. Development of animal models amenable to longitudinal examination enables distinct disease-associated mechanisms to be identified.

Results
Here we report the first longitudinal study of transgenic monkeys with genomic integration of various lengths of the human HTT gene and a range of polyQ repeats. With this unique group of transgenic HD nonhuman primates (HD monkeys), we profiled over 47,000 transcripts from peripheral blood collected over a 2 year timespan from HD monkeys and age-matched wild-type control monkeys.

Conclusions
Messenger RNAs with expression patterns which diverged with disease progression in the HD monkeys considerably facilitated our search for transcripts with diagnostic or therapeutic potential in the blood of human HD patients, opening up a new avenue for clinical investigation.
Transurethral marking incision of the bladder neck: a helpful technique in robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy involving post-transurethral resection of the prostate and cancers protruding into the bladder neck
Authors: Kurokawa Satoshi , Tozawa Keiichi , Umemoto Yukihiro , Yasui Takahiro , Mizuno Kentaro , Okada Atsushi , Kawai Noriyasu , Hayashi Yutaro , Kohri Kenjiro 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Background
Bladder neck transection is one of the most difficult procedures for robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP), particularly in patients who have undergone previous transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P), and in those with large median lobes or prostate cancer protruding into the bladder neck. To ensure negative surgical margins and safely preserve the ureteral orifices during bladder neck transection, we propose the use of the transurethral resectoscope for making the incision in the bladder neck before initiating RALP. Thus, we developed a technique for bladder neck transection to facilitate this operation in such patients.

Case presentation
Two Japanese men, aged 61 and 63 years, who were diagnosed with prostate cancer, received a transurethral marking incision of the bladder neck before starting RALP; prostate cancer developed in one patient after TUR-P and the other patient had cancer protruding into the bladder neck. A transurethral resectoscope was used to closely observe the ureteral orifices and bladder necks; the bladder necks were marked to indicate the depth from the mucosa to the muscular layer. During the RALP, the bladder necks were dissected to indicate the depth of the marking incision. The surgical margins were negative and perioperative complications did not occur. The Foley catheters were removed on postoperative day 6, according to the usual protocol. No urinary leakage from the anastomosis sites was observed.

Conclusion
This technique, involving the use of an ordinary transurethral resectoscope, may be an easy procedure to ensure negative surgical margins, safely preserve the ureteral orifices, avoid increasing the bladder neck diameter, and achieve a good quality vesicourethral anastomosis that prevents the risk of suture-related tissue tears.