bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of a primary brain tumor diagnosis on caregivers: Insights from the patients’ perspective
Authors: Willis Kelcie D. , Reid Morgan P. , Fox Amber , Kleva Christopher S. , Sherwood Paula , Loughan Ashlee R. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The diagnosis of a primary brain tumor (PBT) causes significant distress for the caregiver-patient dyad, warranting increased supportive care intervention. Although researchers have previously assessed caregivers’ perceptions of their own supportive care needs, no study to date has identified how patients perceive the caregiving experience and/or patients’ recommendations for integrating supportive care of caregivers in neuro-oncology. This qualitative study examined caregiver distress as well as caregiver supportive care needs from the patients’ perspective to inform future intervention development.

Methods
Adults with PBT (N = 15; Mage = 45; 53% female; 93% White) were divided into four, 90-min focus groups moderated by a clinical neuropsychologist. Patients responded to semi-structured interview questions regarding various supportive care needs throughout the course of disease. Each discussion was transcribed and coded using thematic content analysis and NVivo software. Inter-rater reliability was excellent (MKappa = 0.92, range = 0.85–0.93).

Results
Seven distinct codes related to PBT caregivers emerged and were classified into two broader themes: Caregiver Impact (47% of coded content) and Caregiver Support (53% of coded content). Caregiver Impact refers to patients’ perspective of the practical and emotional demands of caregiving. Under Caregiver Support, patients cited a strong need for increased support of caregivers, including bereavement care, individual psychotherapy, and joint caregiver-patient dyad sessions.

Conclusion
Patients with PBT expressed profound concerns regarding the demands of caregiving and its impact on the well-being of their loved ones. Findings emphasize the need for comprehensive dyadic support in neuro-oncology throughout the disease trajectory to enhance the overall quality-of-life for both patients and their caregivers.
From Revisions to Insights: Converting Radiology Report Revisions into Actionable Educational Feedback Using Generative AI Models
Authors: Lyo Shawn , Mohan Suyash , Hassankhani Alvand , Noor Abass , Dako Farouk , Cook Tessa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractExpert feedback on trainees’ preliminary reports is crucial for radiologic training, but real-time feedback can be challenging due to non-contemporaneous, remote reading and increasing imaging volumes. Trainee report revisions contain valuable educational feedback, but synthesizing data from raw revisions is challenging. Generative AI models can potentially analyze these revisions and provide structured, actionable feedback. This study used the OpenAI GPT-4 Turbo API to analyze paired synthesized and open-source analogs of preliminary and finalized reports, identify discrepancies, categorize their severity and type, and suggest review topics. Expert radiologists reviewed the output by grading discrepancies, evaluating the severity and category accuracy, and suggested review topic relevance. The reproducibility of discrepancy detection and maximal discrepancy severity was also examined. The model exhibited high sensitivity, detecting significantly more discrepancies than radiologists (W = 19.0, p < 0.001) with a strong positive correlation (r = 0.778, p < 0.001). Interrater reliability for severity and type were fair (Fleiss’ kappa = 0.346 and 0.340, respectively; weighted kappa = 0.622 for severity). The LLM achieved a weighted F1 score of 0.66 for severity and 0.64 for type. Generated teaching points were considered relevant in ~ 85% of cases, and relevance correlated with the maximal discrepancy severity (Spearman ρ = 0.76, p < 0.001). The reproducibility was moderate to good (ICC (2,1) = 0.690) for the number of discrepancies and substantial for maximal discrepancy severity (Fleiss’ kappa = 0.718; weighted kappa = 0.94). Generative AI models can effectively identify discrepancies in report revisions and generate relevant educational feedback, offering promise for enhancing radiology training.
Mutations of CYP1B1 and FOXC1 genes for childhood glaucoma in Japanese individuals
Authors: Fuse Nobuo , Kimura Masae , Shimizu Ai , Koshiba Seizo , Hamanaka Teruhiko , Nakamura Makoto , Ishida Nobuo , Sakai Hiroshi , Ikeda Yoko , Mori Kazuhiko , Endo Atsushi , Nagasaki Masao , Katsuoka Fumiki , Yasuda Jun , Matsubara Yoichi , Nakazawa Toru , Yamamoto Masayuki 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To explore the frequency and positions of genetic mutations in CYP1B1 and FOXC1 in a Japanese population.

Study design
Molecular genetic analysis.

Methods
Genomic DNA was extracted from 31 Japanese patients with childhood glaucoma (CG) from 29 families. We examined the CYP1B, FOXC1, and MYOC genes using Sanger sequencing and whole-exome sequencing (WES).

Results
For CYP1B1, we identified 9 families that harbored novel mutations, p.A202T, p.D274E, p.Q340*, and p.V420G; the remaining mutations had been previously reported. When mapped to the CYP1B1 protein structure, all mutations appeared to influence the enzymatic activity of CYP1B1 by provoking structural deformity. Five patients were homozygotes or compound heterozygotes, supporting the recessive inheritance of the CYP1B1 mutations in CG. In contrast, four patients were heterozygous for the CYP1B1 mutation, suggesting the presence of regulatory region mutations or strong modifiers. For the FOXC1 gene, we identified 3 novel mutations, p.Q23fs, p.Q70R, and p.E163*, all of which were identified in a heterozygous state. No mutation was found in the MYOC gene in these CG patients. All individuals with CYP1B1 and FOXC1 mutations were severely affected by early-onset CG. In the CYP1B1-, FOXC1-, and MYOC-negative families, we also searched for variants in the other candidate genes reported for CG through WES, but could not find any mutations in these genes.

Conclusions
Our analyses of 29 CG families revealed 9 families with point mutations in the CYP1B1 gene, and four of those patients appeared to be heterozygotes, suggesting the presence of complex pathogenic mechanisms. FOXC1 appears to be another major causal gene of CG, indicating that panel sequencing of CYP1B1 and FOXC1 will be useful for diagnosis of CG in Japanese individuals.
Outcome research on esophagectomy analyzed using nationwide databases in Japan: evidences generated from real-world data
Authors: Kakeji Yoshihiro , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Watanabe Masayuki , Kono Koji , Ueno Hideki , Doki Yuichiro , Kitagawa Yuko , Takeuchi Hiroya , Shirabe Ken , Seto Yasuyuki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEsophagectomy for esophageal cancer is a highly invasive gastrointestinal surgical procedure. The National Clinical Database (NCD) of Japan, initiated in 2011, has compiled real-world data on esophagectomy, one of nine major gastroenterological surgeries. This review examines outcomes after esophagectomy analyzed using the Japanese big databases. Certification systems by the Japanese Society of Gastroenterological Surgery (JSGS) and the Japan Esophageal Society (JES) have shown that institutional certification has a greater impact on short-term surgical outcomes than surgeon certification. Minimally invasive esophagectomy has emerged as a viable alternative to open esophagectomy, although careful patient selection is crucial, especially for elderly patients with advanced tumors. The NCD has significantly contributed to the assessment and enhancement of surgical quality and short-term outcomes, while studies based on Comprehensive Registry of Esophageal Cancer in Japan (CRECJ) have provided data on patient characteristics, treatments, and long-term outcomes. The JES has conducted various questionnaire-based retrospective clinical reviews in collaboration with authorized institutions certified by JES. The Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) database provides administrative claims data including itemized prices for surgical, pharmaceutical, laboratory, and other inpatient services. Analyzing these nationwide databases can offer precise insights into surgical quality for esophageal cancer, potentially leading to improved treatment outcomes.
Lighting up aggregate emission of perylene diimide by leveraging polymerization-mediated through-space charge transfer and π-π stacking
Authors: Ye Suiying , Füglistaller Désirée , Tian Tian , Manian Anjay , Kumar Sudhir , Nardo Celine , Christofferson Andrew J. , Russo Salvy P. , Shih Chih-Jen , Leroux Jean-Christophe , Bao Yinyin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe molecular engineering of fluorescent organic/polymeric materials, specifically those emitting in the deep red to near-infrared spectrum, is vital for advancements in optoelectronics and biomedicine. Perylene diimide (PDI), a well-known fluorescent scaffold, offers high thermal and photophysical stability but suffers from fluorescence quenching in solid or aggregate states due to intense π-π interactions. To mitigate this, simple and versatile methods for strong PDI aggregate emission without extensive synthetic demands are highly desirable but still lacking. Here, we report a straightforward strategy to enhance the solid-state emission of PDI by introducing certain degree of through-space charge transfer (TSCT) via controlled radical polymerization, which can efficiently distort the typical face-to-face PDI stacking, enabling greatly enhanced deep red emission. This is achieved by growing electron-donating star-shape styrenic (co)polymers from a multidirectional electron-accepting PDI initiator. The incorporation of polycyclic aromatic monomers further shifted the emission into the near-infrared region, albeit with a reduced intensity. Overall, the emission of the PDI-based TSCT polymers can be systematically manipulated by leveraging the balance between PDI stacking and the TSCT degree, as confirmed by both experimental study and theoretical calculations. Our approach circumvents complex synthetic procedures, offering highly emissive materials with large Stokes shifts and showing broad potential for optoelectronic technology.
Peronospora species on Myosotis – a showcase for the uncharted diversity of a highly diverse and specialised downy mildew genus
Authors: Mu Man , Choi Young-Joon , Thines Marco 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPeronospora is the largest genus of obligate biotrophic oomycetes, causing downy mildew disease on various cultivated and ornamental plants worldwide. Despite the known high host specificity in Peronospora, many host–pathogen combinations have not been thoroughly investigated with respect to their phylogenetic relationships. This is especially the case for groups in which only one species has been described on a host genus. In this study, we highlight the fact that Peronospora is still vastly underexplored by investigating 48 specimens of Peronospora parasitic on the ornamental plant genus Myosotis (Boraginaceae). Morphology and multigene phylogenetic relationships revealed six new Peronospora species parasitic on Myosotis, with one species parasitising the widely cultivated species Myosotis sylvatica, providing further evidence that Peronospora species are generally highly host-specific. As a consequence, Peronospora occurrences on the several hundred plant species that are not type host species for a described Peronospora species should be re-examined, as they might represent species overlooked in previous studies.
Auswirkungen staatlicher Parteienfinanzierung und parlamentarischer Repräsentanz bei Landtagswahlen: Eine Regressions-Diskontinuitäts-Analyse
Authors: Baumert Jona-Frederik 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag werden die Auswirkungen der staatlichen Parteienfinanzierung und parlamentarischen Repräsentanz auf den politischen Wettbewerb bei deutschen Landtagswahlen untersucht. Hierfür wird eine Regressions-Diskontinuitäts-Analyse auf bayesianischer Grundlage durchgeführt. Überschreitet eine Partei die Schwelle von einem Prozent der gültigen Stimmen, ab welcher sie Anspruch auf staatliche Gelder hat, steigt die Wahrscheinlichkeit eines erneuten Antretens bei der nächsten Wahl von 60 % auf 82 %. Parteien, welche die Fünf-Prozent-Hürde knapp überwinden und dadurch parlamentarische Repräsentanz erlangen, haben gegenüber knapp an der Hürde gescheiterten Parteien eine um 14 Prozentpunkte erhöhte Chance, bei der nächsten Wahl (erneut) im Parlament vertreten zu sein. Bei Durchführung von Robustheitstests reduziert sich dieser Effekt auf ca. 6 Prozentpunkte. Zwar sind die beiden Effekte nicht unmittelbar miteinander vergleichbar, da sie nur in der Nähe der jeweiligen Schwelle Gültigkeit besitzen und unterschiedliche abhängige Variablen betrachtet werden. Dennoch deuten die Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass der Einfluss der staatlichen Parteienfinanzierung bei Landtagswahlen bedeutender ist als derjenige der Fünf-Prozent-Hürde. Im Gegensatz zu der Wiederantritts- und Wiedereinzugswahrscheinlichkeit lässt sich weder an der Ein-Prozent-Schwelle noch der Fünf-Prozent-Schwelle ein signifikanter Effekt auf den Stimmenanteil bei der nächsten Wahl feststellen.
High-Temperature Steam Oxidation Behavior of VDM Alloy 699 XA Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Dudziak T. , Chandran P. , Nowak B. , Verma B. , Roth J.-P. , Rząd E. , Chat-Wilk K. , Polkowska A. , Samy V. Narayana , Reich S. , Jahns K. , Krupp U. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVDM alloy (AM) 699 XA (AM-XA) produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) was subjected to steam oxidation at different high temperatures. Initial studies on mass gain of AM-XA at 650 °C after 500 hours revealed insignificant changes. Typical to high temperatures, a wide range of oxides were obtained at 750 and 950 °C associated with mass gain. To fully understand AM-XA material behavior at high temperatures, hot-rolled 699 XA (HR-XA) was also fabricated and tested under similar conditions. At 750 °C, HR-XA showed a higher mass gain in comparison with AM-XA, whereas at 950 °C mass gain of AM-XA overtook HR-XA. This anomalous behavior was related mostly to carbide formation. In-depth anomalous behavior of AM-XA is explained by investigating the microstructure and phase composition of the oxidation products formed.
Retrospective Radiology Research: Do We Need Informed Patient Consent?
Authors: Ongena Yfke , Kwee Thomas C. , Yakar Derya , Haan Marieke 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWhile knowledge of the population’s view on the need for informed consent for retrospective radiology research may provide valuable insight into how an optimal balance can be achieved between patient rights versus an expedited advancement of radiology science, this is a topic that has been ignored in the literature so far. To investigate the view of the general population, survey data were collected from 2407 people representative of the Dutch population. The results indicate that for non-commercial institutions, especially hospitals (97.4 per cent), respondents agree with the retrospective use of imaging data, although they generally indicate that their explicit consent is required. However, most respondents (63.5 per cent) would never allow commercial firms to retrospectively use their imaging data. When including only respondents who completed the minimally required reading time of 12.3 s to understand the description about retrospective radiology research given in the survey (n = 770), almost all (98.9 per cent) mentioned to have no objections for their imaging data to be used by hospitals for retrospective research, with 57.9 per cent indicating their consent to be required and 41.0 per cent indicating that explicit patient consent to be unnecessary. We conclude that the general population permits retrospective radiology research by hospitals, and a substantial proportion indicates explicit patient consent to be unnecessary when understanding what retrospective radiology research entails. However, the general population’s support for the unrestricted retrospective use of imaging data for research purposes without patient consent decreases for universities not linked to hospitals, other non-commercial institutions, government agencies, and particularly commercial firms.
This (AI)n’t fair? Employee reactions to artificial intelligence (AI) in career development systems
Authors: Köchling Alina , Wehner Marius Claus , Ruhle Sascha Alexander 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOrganizations increasingly implement AI for career development to enhance efficiency. However, there are concerns about employees’ acceptance of AI and the literature on employee acceptance of AI is still in its infancy. To address this research gap, integrating justice theory, we investigate the effects of the deciding entity (human, human and AI, and AI) and the impact of the data source (internal data, external data), on employees’ reactions. Using a scenario-based between-subject design, displaying a common situation in organizations (N = 280) and an additional causal-chain-approach (N = 157), we examined whether a decrease of human involvement in decision making diminishes employees’ perceived fairness and satisfaction with the career development process and increases their perceived privacy intrusion. Although we also considered other data sources to moderate the proposed relationships, we found no support for interaction effects. Finally, fairness and privacy intrusion mediated the influence of the deciding entity and data source on turnover intention and employer attractiveness, while satisfaction with the process did not. By addressing how the employees react to AI in career development–showing the negative reactions, our study holds considerable relevance for research and practice.
Metric Mean Dimension and Mean Hausdorff Dimension Varying the Metric
Authors: Muentes J. , Becker A. J. , Baraviera A. T. , Scopel É. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLet $$f:\mathbb {M}\rightarrow \mathbb {M}$$

f
:
M
→
M

be a continuous map on a compact metric space $$\mathbb {M}$$
M
equipped with a fixed metric d, and let $$\tau $$
τ
be the topology on $$\mathbb {M}$$
M
induced by d. We denote by $$\mathbb {M}(\tau )$$

M
(
τ
)

the set consisting of all metrics on $$\mathbb {M}$$
M
that are equivalent to d. Let $$ \text {mdim}_{\text {M}}(\mathbb {M},d, f)$$

mdim
M

(
M
,
d
,
f
)

and $$ \text {mdim}_{\text {H}} (\mathbb {M},d, f)$$

mdim
H

(
M
,
d
,
f
)

be, respectively, the metric mean dimension and mean Hausdorff dimension of f. First, we will establish some fundamental properties of the mean Hausdorff dimension. Furthermore, it is important to note that $$ \text {mdim}_{\text {M}}(\mathbb {M},d, f)$$

mdim
M

(
M
,
d
,
f
)

and $$ \text {mdim}_{\text {H}} (\mathbb {M},d, f)$$

mdim
H

(
M
,
d
,
f
)

depend on the metric d chosen for $$\mathbb {M}$$
M
. In this work, we will prove that, for a fixed dynamical system $$f:\mathbb {M}\rightarrow \mathbb {M}$$

f
:
M
→
M

, the functions $$\text {mdim}_{\text {M}} (\mathbb {M}, f):\mathbb {M}(\tau )\rightarrow \mathbb {R}\cup \{\infty \}$$

mdim
M

(
M
,
f
)

:
M

(
τ
)

→
R
∪

{
∞
}

and $$ \text {mdim}_{\text {H}}(\mathbb {M}, f): \mathbb {M}(\tau )\rightarrow \mathbb {R}\cup \{\infty \}$$

mdim
H

(
M
,
f
)

:
M

(
τ
)

→
R
∪

{
∞
}

are not continuous, where $$ \text {mdim}_{\text {M}}(\mathbb {M}, f) (\rho )= \text {mdim}_{\text {M}} (\mathbb {M},\rho , f)$$

mdim
M

(
M
,
f
)

(
ρ
)

=

mdim
M

(
M
,
ρ
,
f
)

and $$ \text {mdim}_{\text {H}}(\mathbb {M}, f) (\rho )= \text {mdim}_{\text {H}} (\mathbb {M},\rho , f)$$

mdim
H

(
M
,
f
)

(
ρ
)

=

mdim
H

(
M
,
ρ
,
f
)

for any $$\rho \in \mathbb {M}(\tau )$$

ρ
∈
M
(
τ
)

. Furthermore, we will present examples of certain classes of metrics for which the metric mean dimension is a continuous function.
Deciphering the needs of patients with hereditary breast and ovarian Cancer in the Process of Genetic Counseling to Inform the Development of a Mobile Support App: a qualitative study in Germany
Authors: Ammon Nils , Reichert Chiara , Kupka Thomas , Oeltze-Jafra Steffen , Bergmann Anke Katharina , Schlegelberger Brigitte , Wolff Dominik , Vajen Beate 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPatients with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) are not only concerned about their own health but also about that of their children, grandchildren, and other relatives. Therefore, they have specific needs for information and support. During genetic counseling guidance is provided to HBOC patients and other individuals who may be at risk for familial cancer. The purpose of the study was to identify the needs of HBOC patients during the genetic counseling process that could be addressed by digital solutions. Nine semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted. Overall, the patients appreciated the personal contact with human geneticists as an especially positive factor in the genetic counseling process. However, patients noted the following needs (1) support in the time following genetic counseling, (2) support before genetic counseling by collecting own and familial medical information, (3) Need for contact options to support services, (4) Need for patient-friendly medical information, (5) Wish for administration-related components in a support app. The results will inform the development of a patient-centered mobile support app.
A method for identifying exceedances of permissible NOX air pollutants by car traffic in a polish city
Authors: Kwiecień J. , Olenkowicz-Trempała P. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Urban traffic causes air pollution in the city, contributing to respiratory diseases. For this reason, the article aimed to identify places in the street network where nitrogen oxide (NOX) pollution exceeds the permissible value, i.e., 30 µg/m3, by Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament. The research was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic during the period of the most significant restrictions in 2020, with most restrictions lifted in 2021. The article presents a method for identifying points with concentrations of air pollutants exceeding the standards in the example of a large Polish city. The research results allowed for precisely identifying places in the city’s street network with the worst air quality parameters. Hence, the article aimed to identify areas with the worst air quality parameters in terms of NOX emissions, which will enable actions that may reduce the pollutants examined. The research used the ADMS atmospheric dispersion modeling program, a road traffic database obtained from the Sydney Cooperative Adaptive Traffic System, and Geographic Information System programs. The number of identified points with NOX pollution exceeding the permissible EU standard in 2020 (during the Covid-19 pandemic) was in the range of 30.00–79.42 µg/m3 was 771, while after the pandemic it ranged from 30.06 to 97, 91 µg/m3 428. The proposed method for precise point identification of NOX pollutants caused by road traffic is a universal tool for detecting and analyzing pollutants in urban agglomerations.