bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obesity and iron deficiency: a quantitative meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhao L. , Zhang X. , Shen Y. , Fang X. , Wang Y. , Wang F. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryHypoferraemia (i.e. iron deficiency) was initially reported among obese individuals several decades ago; however, whether obesity and iron deficiency are correlated remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the putative association between obesity and iron deficiency by assessing the concentration of haematological iron markers and the risks associated with iron deficiency in both obese (including overweight) subjects and non‐overweight participants. We performed a systematic search in the databases PubMed and Embase for relevant research articles published through December 2014. A total of 26 cross‐sectional and case–control studies were analysed, comprising 13,393 overweight/obese individuals and 26,621 non‐overweight participants. Weighted or standardized mean differences of blood iron markers and odds ratio (OR) of iron deficiency were compared between the overweight/obese participants and the non‐overweight participants using a random‐effects model. Compared with the non‐overweight participants, the overweight/obese participants had lower serum iron concentrations (weighted mean difference [WMD]: −8.37 μg dL−1; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −11.38 to −5.36 μg dL−1) and lower transferrin saturation percentages (WMD: 2.34%, 95% CI: −3.29% to −1.40%). Consistent with this finding, the overweight/obese participants had a significantly increased risk of iron deficiency (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.01–1.68). Moreover, subgroup analyses revealed that the method used to diagnose iron deficiency can have a critical effect on the results of the association test; specifically, we found a significant correlation between iron deficiency and obesity in studies without a ferritin‐based diagnosis, but not in studies that used a ferritin‐based diagnosis. Based upon these findings, we concluded that obesity is significantly associated with iron deficiency, and we recommend early monitoring and treatment of iron deficiency in overweight and obese individuals. Future longitudinal studies will help to test whether causal relationship exists between obesity and iron deficiency.
Contingency Anxiety and the Epistemology of Disagreement
Authors: Mogensen Andreas L. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractUpon discovering that certain beliefs we hold are contingent on arbitrary features of our background, we often feel uneasy. I defend the proposal that if such cases ofcontingency anxietyinvolve defeaters, this is because of the epistemic significance of disagreement. I note two hurdles to our accepting thisDisagreement Hypothesis. Firstly, some cases of contingency anxiety apparently involve no disagreement. Secondly, the proposal may seem to make our awareness of the influence of arbitrary background factors irrelevant in determining whether to revise our beliefs. I show that each of these problems can be successfully accommodated by theDisagreement Hypothesis.
Efficacy and tolerability of budesonide/formoterol added to tiotropium compared with tiotropium alone in patients with severe or very severe COPD: A randomized, multicentre study in East Asia
Authors: Lee Sang‐Do , Xie Can‐mao , Yunus Faisal , Itoh Yohji , Ling Xia , Yu Wai‐cho , Kiatboonsri Sumalee 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackground and objectiveTriple combination therapy with tiotropium plus budesonide/formoterol has improved lung function and reduced exacerbation risk in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Western countries, but no such data exist for East Asian patients. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of adding budesonide/formoterol to tiotropium compared with tiotropium alone in East Asian patients with severe/very severe COPD.MethodsThis 12‐week, randomized, parallel‐group, multicentre, open‐label study was conducted in East Asia. After a 14‐day run‐in period during which patients received tiotropium 18 μg once daily, patients were randomized to tiotropium (18 μg once daily) + budesonide/formoterol (160/4.5 μg 2 inhalations twice daily) or tiotropium alone (18 μg once daily). The primary endpoint was change from baseline in pre‐dose forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) to the mean of values measured at Weeks 1, 6 and 12.ResultsPre‐dose FEV1 significantly increased from baseline with tiotropium plus budesonide/formoterol (n = 287) versus tiotropium alone (n = 291) (5.0% vs 0.6%; treatment difference: 4.4% (95% CI: 1.9–6.9), P = 0.0004). Triple therapy also reduced the COPD exacerbation rate by 40.7% (P = 0.0032) and prolonged time to first exacerbation (38.6% risk reduction, P = 0.0167) versus tiotropium alone and markedly improved health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), measured using the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire. Incidence of adverse events was 26% for both groups.ConclusionsIn East Asian patients with severe/very severe COPD, adding budesonide/formoterol to tiotropium was associated with significant improvements in FEV1 and HRQoL and lower COPD exacerbation rates. Treatment was generally well tolerated.Clinical trial registration: NCT01397890 at Clinicaltrials.gov
A Comparative Analysis of Financial Professionals’ Perception of the Level of Graduating Business Student Retirement Planning Familiarity, Motivation, and Preparedness
Authors: Power Mark , Hobbs Jonathan M. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAcademic, government, employer, and individual interest in personal financial literacy have mushroomed as financial decision making has become more complex, costly, and less paternalistic. Financial illiteracy in America manifests in many ways, including low levels of personal saving, high levels of personal debt, negative financial wealth, a decline in standard of living, and increased demand on social safety networks. For college students, of particular concern is the high level of public and private debt accrued while working toward a degree. It is important to understand how prepared households are for retirement planning decisions and which factors can improve their preparedness. We show that financial education is impactful in reducing financial illiteracy, and provides evidence that taking a personal risk management and insurance course helps to prepare college students to make retirement decisions. Second, we provide evidence that life stage explains differences (similarities) in how professionals self‐rate the importance, familiarity, and motivation to plan and save for retirement versus their opinion on how vital the questions should be to students. Finally, additional evidence is provided showing that demographic characteristics explain differences in the importance and motivation to plan and save for retirement and in the familiarity that respondents have with retirement planning and saving products.
Outcomes of Spoke-Retained Telestroke Patients Versus Hub-Treated Patients After Intravenous Thrombolysis
Authors: Heffner Danielle L. , Thirumala Parthasarathy D. , Pokharna Pooja , Chang Yue-Fang , Wechsler Lawrence 
Published: September 2015

Background and Purpose—
The outcomes of patients remaining at a community spoke hospital after tissue-type plasminogen activator treatment via telemedicine are unclear. Our aim was to compare medical outcomes between these patients and those treated at a hub stroke center.

Methods—
We retrospectively examined patient medical records from 2006 to 2014 of 272 consecutive patients treated with intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator at University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Presbyterian Hospital, a telestroke hub, and 134 consecutive patients treated after telemedicine consultation at 5 UPMC spoke hospitals, who then remained at these hospitals (drip-and-stay). Complications included mortality, length of stay, and common poststroke medical complications. We performed multivariate analysis to identify complications that are independently increased or decreased in the drip-and-stay population. We also performed a Cox proportional hazards regression to compare long-term survival.

Results—

The drip-and-stay patients had less severe strokes (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, 9.5±5.9 versus 12.7±7.1;
P
<0.001) and fewer large vessel occlusions (11.9% versus 36%;
P
<0.001). After controlling for all variables with multivariate analysis, we found that the drip-and-stay patients had an increased risk of adjusted in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio 11.046; 95% confidence interval, 2.785–43.810) and having a length of stay >6 days (adjusted odds ratio, 4.696, 95% confidence interval, 2.428–9.083). Furthermore, the drip-and-stay patients had significantly decreased long-term survival compared with the hub patients (
P
<0.001).

Conclusions—
Despite having less severe strokes, the drip-and-stay patients had an increased adjusted risk of in-hospital mortality, longer length of stay, and lower long-term survival than hub hospital patients. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings and address differences in post-tissue-type plasminogen activator medical care.
Electrocardiographic Left Atrial Abnormality and Risk of Stroke
Authors: Kamel Hooman , Hunter Madeleine , Moon Yeseon P. , Yaghi Shadi , Cheung Ken , Di Tullio Marco R. , Okin Peter M. , Sacco Ralph L. , Soliman Elsayed Z. , Elkind Mitchell S.V. 
Published: September 2015

Background and Purpose—
Electrocardiographic left atrial abnormality has been associated with stroke independently of atrial fibrillation (AF), suggesting that atrial thromboembolism may occur in the absence of AF. If true, we would expect an association with cryptogenic or cardioembolic stroke rather than noncardioembolic stroke.

Methods—

We conducted a case-cohort analysis in the Northern Manhattan Study, a prospective cohort study of stroke risk factors. P-wave terminal force in lead V
1
was manually measured from baseline ECGs of participants in sinus rhythm who subsequently had ischemic stroke (n=241) and a randomly selected subcohort without stroke (n=798). Weighted Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association between P-wave terminal force in lead V
1
and stroke etiologic subtypes while adjusting for baseline demographic characteristics, history of AF, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, tobacco use, and lipid levels.

Results—

Mean P-wave terminal force in lead V
1
was 4452 (±3368) μV*ms among stroke cases and 3934 (±2541) μV*ms in the subcohort. P-wave terminal force in lead V
1
was associated with ischemic stroke (adjusted hazard ratio per SD, 1.20; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.39) and the composite of cryptogenic or cardioembolic stroke (adjusted hazard ratio per SD, 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–1.58). There was no definite association with noncardioembolic stroke subtypes (adjusted hazard ratio per SD, 1.14; 95% confidence interval, 0.92–1.40). Results were similar after excluding participants with a history of AF at baseline or new AF during follow-up.

Conclusions—
ECG-defined left atrial abnormality was associated with incident cryptogenic or cardioembolic stroke independently of the presence of AF, suggesting atrial thromboembolism may occur without recognized AF.
Ground-Based Temperature and Humidity Profiling Using Spectral Infrared and Microwave Observations. Part II: Actual Retrieval Performance in Clear-Sky and Cloudy Conditions
Authors: Blumberg W. G. , Turner D. D. , Löhnert U. , Castleberry S. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAlthough current upper-air observing systems provide an impressive array of observations, many are deficient in observing the temporal evolution of the boundary layer thermodynamic profile. Ground-based remote sensing instruments such as the multichannel microwave radiometer (MWR) and Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) are able to provide profiles of temperature and water vapor through the boundary layer at 5-min resolution or better. Previous work compared these instruments through optimal-estimation retrievals on simulated clear-sky spectra to evaluate the retrieval accuracy and information content of each instrument. In this study, this method is duplicated using real observations from collocated MWR and AERI instruments from a field campaign in southwestern Germany. When compared with radiosondes, this study confirms the previous results that AERI retrievals are more accurate than MWR retrievals in clear-sky and below-cloud-base profiling. These results demonstrate that the AERI has nearly 2 times as much information as the MWR.
The Contribution of Reservoirs to Global Land Surface Water Storage Variations*
Authors: Zhou Tian , Nijssen Bart , Gao Huilin , Lettenmaier Dennis P. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Man-made reservoirs play a key role in the terrestrial water system. They alter water fluxes at the land surface and impact surface water storage through water management regulations for diverse purposes such as irrigation, municipal water supply, hydropower generation, and flood control. Although most developed countries have established sophisticated observing systems for many variables in the land surface water cycle, long-term and consistent records of reservoir storage are much more limited and not always shared. Furthermore, most land surface hydrological models do not represent the effects of water management activities. Here, the contribution of reservoirs to seasonal water storage variations is investigated using a large-scale water management model to simulate the effects of reservoir management at basin and continental scales. The model was run from 1948 to 2010 at a spatial resolution of 0.25° latitude–longitude. A total of 166 of the largest reservoirs in the world with a total capacity of about 3900 km3 (nearly 60% of the globally integrated reservoir capacity) were simulated. The global reservoir storage time series reflects the massive expansion of global reservoir capacity; over 30 000 reservoirs have been constructed during the past half century, with a mean absolute interannual storage variation of 89 km3. The results indicate that the average reservoir-induced seasonal storage variation is nearly 700 km3 or about 10% of the global reservoir storage. For some river basins, such as the Yellow River, seasonal reservoir storage variations can be as large as 72% of combined snow water equivalent and soil moisture storage.
Arthroscopic Debridement After Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Devos Bevernage Bernhard , Deleu Paul-André , Birch Ivan , Gombault Vincent , Maldague Pierre , Leemrijse Thibaut 
Published: September 2015

Background: Residual pain due to impingement after ankle arthroplasty can be addressed with arthroscopic debridement. Literature focusing on the effectiveness of arthroscopic debridement after total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) is scarce. The authors report a case series of 12 patients complaining of anterior or posterior impingement pain, 11 of which were in the absence of malalignment which were treated by arthroscopy. Methods: Of the 106 TAAs performed between 2003 and 2012, a total of 12 subjects reported postoperative pain resulting from anterior or anteromedial impingement, medial and/or lateral gutter impingement, posterior impingement, and/or ankylosis. All patients were reviewed on a regular basis through chart review, clinical examination, and radiologic evaluation. The average time to final follow-up was 58.8 months. The average period from the original TAA to the arthroscopic debridement was 38.2 months. Results: The median AOFAS hindfoot score was significantly ( P < .05) improved from 64.6 preoperatively to 73.5 postoperatively. Eight subjects reported good pain relief after the arthroscopic debridement, and partial pain relief was reported by 4 subjects. Three patients with painful ankylosis had no improvement in the total range of motion of the TAA implant after the arthroscopic debridement. Conclusion: The results suggest that arthroscopic debridement in patients with residual pain due to impingement syndromes after TAA was effective in 8 of the 12 cases at 2 years’ follow-up. However, the results suggest that arthroscopic debridement in the presence of painful ankylosis associated with or without impingement syndromes results only in partial pain relief and does not improve the range of motion. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.
Monitoring of ground surface and subsurface deformations at oil sands using radar interferometry
Authors: Baek Jin , Kim Sang-Wan , Kim Jeong Woo 
Published: September 2015

Conventional monitoring methods, such as surveying and tiltmeter, require labor-intensive and time-consuming fieldwork, and they are limited to specific locations, either survey stations or an array of tiltmeters. Furthermore, none of the studies about the geomechanical inversion of cumulative surface deformations for the inference of subsurface volumetric changes in Canadian oil sands has yet been published. Radar interferometry has been widely used for monitoring surface deformations over a large area in all weather conditions with high accuracy. We have developed a method to detect surface deformations by radar interferometry techniques and to estimate subsurface volumetric changes by geomechanical inversion of surface deformation measurements. Differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar was implemented using first advanced land observation satellite phased array type L-band synthetic aperture radar data; the resulting interferograms indicated the vertical surface deformations between July 2007 and March 2011. An additional investigation into the detected surface deformations was performed to retrieve time-series maps of cumulative surface deformations, which accounted for the temporal evolution of the changes in surface elevation. The temporal analysis confirmed that the ground surface experienced nonlinear time-varying vertical deformations, reaching up to [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for a 3.7 year time period starting in July 2007. The surface deformations were interpreted using cubic polynomial regression with historical information on fluid injection and withdrawal. The positive curvilinear relationships between the fluid volume changes, which were caused by steam injection and bitumen/water production, and the surface deformations, were found with an [Formula: see text] of greater than 0.73. The fractional volumetric changes in the reservoir were examined by applying geomechanical inversion to surface deformation measurements. The fractional volumetric changes ranged from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] with respect to the initial reservoir volume for the 3.7 year period. A positive linear relationship between fluid volume changes and subsurface volumetric changes was determined with [Formula: see text] ranging from 0.515 to 0.992.
Representações de Vinculação e Qualidade do brincar interativo em Crianças em Idade Pré-Escolar
Authors: Figueiredo Mafalda , Gatinho Ana , Torres Nuno , Pinto Alexandra , Santos António J. , Veríssimo Manuela 
Published: September 2015

Durante o período pré-escolar as relações que a criança estabelece com os principais cuidadores e com os pares são de importância fundamental para o seu desenvolvimento socioemocional. Contudo, são poucos os estudos acerca da relação entre a vinculação das crianças aos pais e a forma como brincam com os pares. Pretende-se com este estudo investigar a associação entre as representações de vinculação de crianças pré-escolares e diferentes dimensões do jogo interativo das mesmas. Participaram 66 crianças, entre os 4 e os 5 anos de idade, e respetivos educadores, de duas escolas distintas. A qualidade das representações de vinculação foi acedida através do Attachment Story Completion Task (ASCT), cujas histórias foram codificadas por três investigadores “cegos”. Obteve-se um acordo interjuízes entre 0.81 e 0.85. Os comportamentos de jogo interativo em contexto pré-escolar foram reportados pelos educadores através da Penn Interactive Peer Play Scale (PIPPS). Obtiveram-se resultados psicométricos satisfatórios nesta escala e as análises revelaram três dimensões fiáveis: Interação Positiva com os Pares, Disrupção, e Desconexão. Detetou-se uma associação positiva estatisticamente significativa entre a Segurança das representações de vinculação e a Interação Positiva com os Pares (r = 0.28; p < 0.05), e associações significativas negativas entre a Segurança e a Disrupção (r = -0.32; p < 0.05) e a Segurança e a Desconexão (r = -0.43; p = 0.001). Os nossos resultados evidenciam a associação entre relações seguras de vinculação e o modo como as crianças interagem ludicamente com os pares e, portanto, na sua competência social
Demosthenes, De Corona §§ 169–170 in P.CtYBR inv. 4671
Authors: Kreij Mark de 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA scrap of papyrus from the Beinecke library, dating to the late first century BCE or early first century CE, has yielded a passage from Demosthenes’ De Corona. The text is good, and in one place offers further support for Demosthenes’ avoidance of hiatus.
Il definitivo assetto di P.Berol. 21312 + P.Schubart 27 (LDAB 4984): Antologia gnomica
Authors: Savorelli Gabriella Messeri 
Published: September 2015

AbstractP.Berol. 21312 and P.Schubart 27 (P.Berol. 16086), as pointed out by Odette Bouquiaux-Simon in 1992, are part of the same sheet containing a Gnomic Anthology dating to the II/III century A.D. (LDAB 4984). This paper shows that the four fragments of P.Berol. 21312 actually join with P.Schubart 27 and it also supplies a new transcription of the text, combined with the papyrological apparatus.
P.Tebt. II 496 descr.: A Sublease of Crown Land under koinȇ diamisthôsis
Authors: Elmaghrabi Mohamed Gaber 
Published: September 2015

AbstractEdition of P.Tebt. II 496, which is an offer to lease one aroura of crown land in the marshes of Tebtunis, similar to P.Tebt. II 376, and discussion of the terms κοινὴ διαμίσθωσις, ἐπιμερισμός and ἐπίξενον.
Homology of SL2 over function fields I: Parabolic subcomplexes
Authors: Wendt Matthias 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The present paper studies the group homology of the groups

SL
2

⁡

(

k
⁢

[
C
]

)

{\operatorname{SL}_{2}(k[C])}

and

PGL
2

⁡

(

k
⁢

[
C
]

)

{\operatorname{PGL}_{2}(k[C])}

, where

C
=

C
¯

∖

{

P
1

,
…
,

P
s

}

{C=\overline{C}\setminus\{P_{1},\dots,P_{s}\}}

is a smooth affine curve over an algebraically closed field k. It is well known that these groups act on a product of trees and the quotients can be described in terms of certain equivalence classes of rank two vector bundles on the curve

C
¯

{\overline{C}}

. There is a natural subcomplex consisting of cells with suitably non-trivial isotropy group. The paper provides explicit formulas for the equivariant homology of this “parabolic subcomplex”. These formulas also describe group homology of

SL
2

⁡

(

k
⁢

[
C
]

)

{\operatorname{SL}_{2}(k[C])}

above degree s, generalizing a result of Suslin in the case

s
=
1

{s=1}

.
An Uncertainty Model Of Approximating The Analytical Solution To The Real Case In The Field Of Stress Prediction
Authors: Gutiérrez Ramón , Ramírez María , Olmeda Ester , Díaz Vicente 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Deterministic mechanics has been extensively used by engineers as they needed models that could predict the behavior of designed structures and components. However, modern engineering is now shifting to a new approach where the uncertainty analysis of the model inputs enables to obtain more accurate results. This paper presents an application of this new approach in the field of the stress analysis. In this case, a two-dimensional stress elasticity model is compared with the experimental stress results of five different size tubes measured with resistive strain gages. Theoretical and experimental uncertainties have been calculated by means of the Monte Carlo method and a weighted least square algorithm, respectively. The paper proposes that the analytical engineering models have to integrate an uncertainty component considering the uncertainties of the input data and phenomena observed during the test, that are difficult to adapt in the analytical model. The prediction will be thus improved, the theoretical result being much closer to the real case.