bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors for Anastomotic Leakage after Rectal Surgery in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Authors: Teerawiwatchai Chusaeng , Thongin Assanai , Prasitvaraku Kamales 
Published: August 2024

Objective: To identify the risk factors for anastomosis leakage (AL) after rectal resection for locally advanced rectal cancers (LARCs) treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT). Material and Methods: A retrospective risk factor study was conducted in LARC patients who received nCRT in Hatyai Hospital from September 2014 to September 2023. The patients were classified into two groups, AL and no anastomotic leak (No-AL) groups. The variables analyzed included age, gender, body mass index (BMI), American Society of Anesthesiologists classification score (ASA), history of significant weight loss, tumor level, time interval between nCRT and surgery, the number of staples, surgical approach, estimated blood loss (EBL), packed red cell (PRC) transfusions, operative time, diverting ostomy, and type of surgery. These predictive factors were analyzed by univariable and multivariable logistic regression. Results: One hundred and seventeen patients were included in the study. The AL rate was 8.5% and the 30-day mortality rate was zero. The study found that BMI, time interval, EBL, and PRC transfusions were associated with a significantly increased AL risk under univariable analysis. In the multivariable analysis, four factors were identified as independent risk factors for AL: BMI less than 18 kg/m2, time interval more than 11 weeks, needing packed red cells blood transfusion, and operative time more than 400 minutes. Conclusion: Diverting stoma can reduce AL consequences but does not reduce its incidence. Diverting stoma should be considered in locally advanced rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation patients with the risk factors noted above-BMI less than 18 kg/m2, time interval longer than 11 weeks, needing PRC transfusion, or operative time more than 400 minutes.
Analisis Pengaruh Radiasi Matahari Terhadap Perubahan Suhu di Sumbersari Jember
Authors: Ainiyah Ummi Zahrotul , Sudarti Sudarti , Yushardi Yushardi 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian mengenai Radiasi Matahari dan Suhu Lingkungan di Desa Sumbersari Kecamatan Sumbersari yang berjudul Analisis Pengaruh Radiasi Matahari Terhadap Perubahan Suhu di Sumbersari Jember. Kegiatan penelitian ini dilakukan guna untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari radiasi terhadap perubahan suhu lingkungan. Dengan adanya kegiatan penelitian atau survey ini untuk mengetahui permasalahan-permasalahan yang ada. Pada penilitian yang dilakukan akan membahas mengenai pengaruh radiasi terhadap suhu yang ada di lingkungan Desa Sumbersari. Kegiatan penilitian dilakukan pada tanggal 7-9 Oktober 2023 yaitu pada hari Sabtu hingga hari Senin. Metode yang dilakukan yaitu penelitian menggunakan bantuan berupa aplikasi di smartphone yang dapat digunakan untuk melihat perubahan suhu disetiap jamnya, aplikasi yang digunakan yaitu berupa aplikasi BMKG. Setelah penelitian dilakukan, maka didapatkan hasil yang dapat menjawab permasalahan yang ada. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan radiasi matahari mempengaruhi perubahan suhu pada lingkungan. Faktanya perbedaan suhu pada setiap jam dapat dipengaruhi oleh radiasi matahari. Ketika hari semakin siang, maka yang akan terjadi yaitu suhu temperatur akan mencapai titik tertinggi. Kemudian pada saat pagi hari ataupun malam hari suhu yang terjadi mulai menurun.
Integrating word embedding and topic modeling for sentiment analysis: A case study on the social mood on economy
Authors: Bruno Mauro , Catanese Elena , De Cubellis Massimo 
Published: August 2024

In recent years, textual analysis and embedding spaces have become essential and complementary tools for sentiment analysis in National Statistics Institutes’ research, owing to their ability to summarize discussed topics effectively. Istat has developed an innovative tool, wordembox, which allows external users to explore the outputs of popular word embedding algorithms, such as Word2Vec and FastText. This tool enriches the analysis with a novel graph functionality, enabling users to discover clusters of words and facilitating implicit topic modeling. This article focuses on Social Mood on Economy (SME) posts over a period in which the index recorded a strong downward trend: the first month of the Russia-Ukraine conflict at the beginning of 2022. We compare findings from wordembox with standard topic modeling techniques, including Bayesian Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), Top2Vec, and BERTopic, recent methods that extract clusters from word embedding spaces. These techniques show coherent results, and their combined use in textual analysis may create a synergy that enhances the informative content of synthetic indexes such as ‘Social Mood on Economy Index (SMEI)’.
National standards of optical density units: principles of optical scheme design, constructive and metrological characteristics
Authors: MARCHENKO S. N. 
Published: August 2024

The current state of metrological support for precision optical density measurements is described. In order to analyze the principles of building optical schemes, structural, constructive and functional features of the blocks included in the standards, and metrological characteristics of national standards of optical density units, high-precision optical density measuring instruments developed by national metrological institutes of Russia, Germany, China, and the USA are considered. The equations of optical density measurements are presented, which are a mathematical model of the process of measuring the optical transmittance density of materials. The principles of operation of optical transmittance density unit standards based on light fl fi ration are described. The data of studies of geometric and spectral characteristics of fi national standards of optical density units of four countries are presented, as well as optical schemes and characteristics of standards in the following areas are analyzed: compliance with international standards; features of optical schemes; methods of fi the luminous fl and creating scattered radiation; features of object positioning; type of radiation receiver; metrological characteristics. Information is provided on the participation of national standards in international comparisons. The metrological characteristics of these national standards are summarized in a table. Taking into account and using the considered features of optical schemes, design solutions in conjunction with the metrological characteristics of the described devices contributes to an increase in the level of development while improving the State primary standard of the unit of optical density GET 206-2016.
Dahlia spp. Dahlia
Authors: Gilman Edward , Howe Teresa 
Published: August 2024

This document provides comprehensive information on the cultivation and care of dahlias. It covers the ideal soil conditions, planting times, and maintenance practices to ensure healthy growth and vibrant blooms. The text also details the various pests and diseases that can affect dahlias, along with methods for propagation and overwintering. Additionally, it highlights the plant’s characteristics, including its height, spread, and flower colors, making it a valuable resource for gardeners and horticulturists. Original publication date October 1999.
Dizygotheca elegantissima False Aralia
Authors: Gilman Edward 
Published: August 2024

This document provides a detailed overview of the false aralia (Dizygotheca elegantissima), a versatile plant known for its distinctive foliage and adaptability. It describes the plant’s physical characteristics, including its juvenile and mature leaves, growth habits, and preferred growing conditions. The document also highlights the plant’s uses in various settings, such as indoor houseplants or outdoor accents, and discusses its propagation methods and potential pest issues. Overall, the false aralia is presented as a unique and attractive option for gardeners and plant enthusiasts. Original publication date October 1999.
Karakterisasi Bioplastik Berbahan Kombinasi Pati Jagung dan Tepung Jagung dengan Perekat Poli Vinil Alkohol (PVA) dan Pemlastis Gliserol
Authors: Sutanti Sri , Pratiwi Mumpuni Asih , Pratiwi Mumpuni Asih , Hermawati Lucia , Rahayu Lucia Hermawati , Ramadhan Handika Gilang 
Published: August 2024

The much-needed packaging materials are still dominated by synthetic plastics which are difficult to decompose and produce dioxin gas, thus polluting the environment and dangerous for humans. The solution is to use bioplastics. The study aims to determine the characteristics of bioplastics in the ratio (%) of corn starch to corn flour: 100:0; 80:20; 60:40; 40:60; 20:80; and 0:100. The study used RAL, and descriptive analysis. Starch suspension with a ratio of 1:20 as much as 100g/run was heated at a temperature of 70-80oC for 30 minutes while stirring added with 10% PVA solution and 1 mL of glycerol heated and stirred for 10 minutes, degassed for 10 minutes, molded and dried at 50-60oC for 24 hours. The resulted bioplastics were then characterized for their water resistance, film thickness, degradation, tensile strength, elongation at break, and morphology. The results showed that the addition of corn flour increased water resistance, film thickness, degradation time, tensile strength, and elongation at break. The best results in this study were obtained at a ratio of 0:100.
Overcoming treatment resistance in cholangiocarcinoma: current strategies, challenges, and prospects
Authors: Wang Jiayi , Liu Siyan , Cao Yi , Chen Yong 
Published: August 2024

Significant advancements in our understanding and clinical treatment of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) have been achieved over the past 5 years. Groundbreaking studies have illuminated the immune landscape and pathological characteristics of the tumor microenvironment in CCA. The development of immune- and metabolism-based classification systems has enabled a nuanced exploration of the tumor microenvironment and the origins of CCA, facilitating a detailed understanding of tumor progression modulation. Despite these insights, targeted therapies have not yet yielded satisfactory clinical results, highlighting the urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies. This review delineates the complexity and heterogeneity of CCA, examines the current landscape of therapeutic strategies and clinical trials, and delves into the resistance mechanisms underlying targeted therapies. Finally, from a single-cell and spatial transcriptomic perspective, we address the challenge of therapy resistance, discussing emerging mechanisms and potential strategies to overcome this barrier and enhance treatment efficacy.
Three-dimensional cell culture conditions promoted the Mesenchymal-Amoeboid Transition in the Triple-Negative Breast Cancer cell line MDA-MB-231
Authors: Rodríguez-Cruz Daniela , Boquet-Pujadas Aleix , López-Muñoz Eunice , Rincón-Heredia Ruth , Paredes-Díaz Rodolfo , Flores-Fortis Mauricio , Olivo-Marin Jean-Christophe , Guillén Nancy , Aguilar-Rojas Arturo 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionBreast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of death among women, primarily due to its potential for metastasis. As BC progresses, the extracellular matrix (ECM) produces more type-I collagen, resulting in increased stiffness. This alteration influences cellular behaviors such as migration, invasion, and metastasis. Specifically, cancer cells undergo changes in gene expression that initially promote an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and subsequently, a transition from a mesenchymal to an amoeboid (MAT) migration mode. In this way, cancer cells can migrate more easily through the stiffer microenvironment. Despite their importance, understanding MATs remains challenging due to the difficulty of replicating in vitro the conditions for cell migration that are observed in vivo.MethodsTo address this challenge, we developed a three-dimensional (3D) growth system that replicates the different matrix properties observed during the progression of a breast tumor. We used this model to study the migration and invasion of the Triple-Negative BC (TNBC) cell line MDA-MB-231, which is particularly subject to metastasis.ResultsOur results indicate that denser collagen matrices present a reduction in porosity, collagen fiber size, and collagen fiber orientation, which are associated with the transition of cells to a rounder morphology with bleb-like protrusions. We quantified how this transition is associated with a more persistent migration, an enhanced invasion capacity, and a reduced secretion of matrix metalloproteinases.DiscussionOur findings suggest that the proposed 3D growth conditions (especially those with high collagen concentrations) mimic key features of MATs, providing a new platform to study the physiology of migratory transitions and their role in BC progression.
Numerical evaluation of methanol synthesis in catalytic wall-coated microreactors: scale-up and performance analysis of planar and monolithic designs
Authors: Silva João Lameu da , Santana Harrson Silva , Hodapp Maximilian Joachim 
Published: August 2024

Methanol is one of the most important primary chemical compounds, being an interesting alternative for portable energy applications and also acting as a molecular platform for the synthesis of a wide range of commodities and high-added-value products. Traditionally, methanol is obtained by catalytic hydrogenation using synthesis gas (CO/CO2/H2) in fixed-bed reactors (FBRs), which require large reaction volumes and are limited by heat and mass transfer. Wall-coated microreactor technology (MRT) offers a promising alternative to traditional fixed-bed reactors. Despite their potential, industrial-scale adoption of microreactors faces challenges related to scale-up. This article aimed to assess methanol synthesis in wall-coated microreactors (planar, or MRP, and monolithic, or MRM) through numerical performance evaluation, using a fixed-bed reactor as a reference. A pre-analysis of carbon conversion into methanol from experimental data provided insightful conclusions about recommended operating parameters, suggested as 50 bar, 250°C, a CO2 ratio of 0.3–0.4, a gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 6,000–8,000 mL/g.h, and a stoichiometric hydrogen/carbon ratio of 2–4. The numerical model, coupling chemical kinetics into fluid dynamics, demonstrated good agreement with experimental data. Subsequently, a design of experiments identified optimal operating conditions for methanol synthesis (250°C, 50 bar, CO2 ratio = 0.32, GHSV = 7,595 mL/g.h, hydrogen/carbon ratio = 2.4) in an FBR. The MRP and MRM presented equivalent performance with the FBR after adjusting the surface catalytic loading. In particular, the MRP showed a potential feature for scale-up due to the decreased pressure drop. A reactor block with 10 parallelized channels was designed and evaluated by changing GHSV between 5,000 and 50,000 mL/g.h and varying surface catalytic loading from 0.04 to 0.12 kg/m2. Despite the formation of recirculation zones in the conical region, the flow distribution remained satisfactory, ensuring virtually uniform methanol production among units, providing increased operational flow, and maintaining the microscale efficiency with a relatively low pressure drop. The present article provides a comprehensive analysis of the fundamental interplay between kinetic effects, mass transfer phenomena, and reactor design in methanol synthesis by applying MRT concepts, offering important insights for performance optimization and scale-up of wall-coated microreactors.
Risk estimation for recurrent cardiovascular events using the SMART-REACH model and direct inpatient cost profiling in Indonesian ASCVD patients: a large-scale multicenter study
Authors: Dwiputra Bambang , Desandri Dwita Rian , Hartopo Anggoro Budi , Juzar Dafsah Arifa , Alkatiri Amir Aziz , Zuhdi Naufal , Ramadhan Putra Andito , Kenconosari Bernadhet Daisy , Phowira Jason , Widyantoro Bambang 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionWith atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) cases increasing in Indonesia, there is a growing need to identify high-risk patients for recurrent cardiovascular events. Risk stratification could guide optimal secondary preventive therapy. Understanding the ASCVD direct inpatient costs could further provide insight in reducing the economic burden that comes with Indonesia's high number ASCVD cases. However, there is a significant gap in Indonesian large-scale research on both of these valuable data. Employing the SMART-REACH model, we can profile the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events in Indonesian ASCVD patients.ObjectivesUtilize the SMART-REACH model to estimate 10-year and lifetime risk of cardiovascular events in Indonesian ASCVD patients and describe the direct inpatient cost of ASCVD.MethodsThis descriptive cross-sectional study gathered data from 3,209 ASCVD patients aged 45–80 from two major cardiovascular centers using purposive sampling. Participants were patients admitted between January 2020 and March 2023 with ST-elevated myocardial infarct (STEMI), non-ST-elevated myocardial infarct (NSTEMI), and chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) requiring elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The SMART-REACH risk estimation model required clinical data upon admission, laboratory results within the first 24 h of admission, and cardiovascular medication prescribed upon discharge. The SMART-REACH model is a Fine and Gray competing risk model incorporating cardiovascular risk factors that estimates individual 10-year and lifetime risk for recurrent cardiovascular events which includes myocardial infarction, stroke, or vascular death. Direct inpatient cost profiling totaled all medical expenses incurred from ASCVD diagnosis admission to discharge. Results were reported descriptively with subgroup analyses.ResultsThe cohorts (mean age 60.15 ± 8.6 years) were predominantly male [n = 2,537 (79.1%)], hypertensive [n = 2,267 (70.6%)], and diagnosed with STEMI [n = 1,732 (54%)]. The SMART-REACH model calculated a mean 10-year risk of 30.2% (95% CI 29.7–30.6) and a lifetime risk of 62.5% (95% CI 62.1–62.9). The direct inpatient cost of ASCVD patients includes a median 3,033 USD, with highest median costs in the STEMI subgroup (3,270 USD).ConclusionsA significant number of Indonesian ASCVD patients exhibited notably high 10-year and lifetime risks of experiencing a major cardiovascular event. Combined with the direct inpatient cost, therapy optimization is crucially needed to mitigate these risks and further cost burden.
Investigating mechanical and inflammatory pathological mechanisms in osteoarthritis using MSC-derived osteocyte-like cells in 3D
Authors: Gilbert Sophie J. , Jones Ryan , Egan Ben J. , Bonnet Cleo Selina , Evans Sam L. , Mason Deborah J. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionChanges to bone physiology play a central role in the development of osteoarthritis with the mechanosensing osteocyte releasing factors that drive disease progression. This study developed a humanised in vitro model to detect osteocyte responses to either interleukin-6, a driver of degeneration and bone remodelling in animal and human joint injury, or mechanical loading, to mimic osteoarthritis stimuli in joints.MethodsHuman MSC cells (Y201) were differentiated in 3-dimensional type I collagen gels in osteogenic media and osteocyte phenotype assessed by RTqPCR and immunostaining. Gels were subjected to a single pathophysiological load or stimulated with interleukin-6 with unloaded or unstimulated cells as controls. RNA was extracted 1-hour post-load and assessed by RNAseq. Markers of pain, bone remodelling, and inflammation were quantified by RT-qPCR and ELISA.ResultsY201 cells embedded within 3D collagen gels assumed dendritic morphology and expressed mature osteocytes markers. Mechanical loading of the osteocyte model regulated 7564 genes (Padj p&lt;0.05, 3026 down, 4538 up). 93% of the osteocyte transcriptome signature was expressed in the model with 38% of these genes mechanically regulated. Mechanically loaded osteocytes regulated 26% of gene ontology pathways linked to OA pain, 40% reflecting bone remodelling and 27% representing inflammation. Load regulated genes associated with osteopetrosis, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. 42% of effector genes in a genome-wide association study meta-analysis were mechanically regulated by osteocytes with 10 genes representing potential druggable targets. Interleukin-6 stimulation of osteocytes at concentrations reported in human synovial fluids from patients with OA or following knee injury, regulated similar readouts to mechanical loading including markers of pain, bone remodelling, and inflammation.DiscussionWe have developed a reproducible model of human osteocyte like cells that express &gt;90% of the genes in the osteocyte transcriptome signature. Mechanical loading and inflammatory stimulation regulated genes and proteins implicated in osteoarthritis symptoms of pain as well as inflammation and degeneration underlying disease progression. Nearly half of the genes classified as ‘effectors’ in GWAS were mechanically regulated in this model. This model will be useful in identifying new mechanisms underlying bone and joint pathologies and testing drugs targeting those mechanisms.
Epigenetic dysregulated long non-coding RNAs in renal cell carcinoma based on multi-omics data and their influence on target drugs sensibility
Authors: Wang Jiawei , Dou Pingnan , Sun Yunwen , Zheng Jie , Wu Guanwei , Liu Heqian , Tao Lingsong 
Published: August 2024

PurposeEpigenetic modifications play a crucial role in cancer development, and our study utilized public data to analyze which leads to the discovery of significant epigenetic abnormalities in lncRNAs, offering valuable insights into prognosis and treatment strategies for renal carcinoma.MethodsPublic data were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The analysis of the online public data was all completed in R software.ResultsWe discovered a great number of epigenetic abnormalities of lncRNA in renal cancer, which is achieved by comparing the following modification and methylation of histone region changes on the promoter and enhancer of lncRNA: H3K27ac, H3K4me1, H3K4me3. As a result, 12 specific epigenetic disorders of lncRNA genes in renal cancer were identified. Finally, based on this lncRNA, we investigated the prognosis of renal cancer samples, among which 8 lncRNA can be seen as markers of prognosis in renal cancer, which had great prediction ability for ccRCC prognosis. Meanwhile, high risk score may pose response better to axitinib and nilotinib, but not sorafenib or sunitinib. Beyond, we observed an elevated level of risk score in immunotherapy non-responders. Further, biological enrichment and immuno-infiltration analysis was conducted to investigate the fundamental differences between patients categorized as high or low risk.ConclusionOur research improves the understanding in the function of epigenetic dysregulated long non-coding RNAs in renal carcinoma.