bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Pendayagunaan Zakat Produktif Terhadap Kesejahteraan Mustahik (Studi Badan Amil Zakat Nasional Kabupaten Sorong)
Authors: Patharani Dini , Arfandi SN  , Muh. Rusdi Rasyid  
Published: August 2024

Masalah ekonomi identik bahkan sering dikaitkan dengan kemiskinan. Ditambah dengan adanya pandemi Covid-19 yang memberikan dampak yang besar bagi perekonomian salah satunya penurunan produktivitas UMKM dan penurunan pendapatan masyarakat. Untuk itu, dibutuhkan usaha maupun peran dari berbagai pihak untuk mengatasi kemiskinan dan permasalahan ekonomi. Adanya program pendayagunaan dana zakat produktif yang diberikan oleh Badan Amil Zakat Nasional Kabupaten Sorong diharapkan dapat mengoptimalkan dana zakat melalui bantuan modal usaha sehingga dapat berpengaruh bagi kesejahteraan mustahik di Kabupaten Sorong dan mengurangi angka kemiskinan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara variabel independen (X) yaitu pendayagunaan zakat produktif terhadap variabel dependen (Y) kesejahteraan mustahik pada BAZNAS Kabupaten Sorong. Jenis metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara, kuesioner, dan dokumentasi. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan SPSS 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukan zakat produktif yang diberikan kepada para mustahik mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan mustahik. Hal ini dapat dilihat pada pengujian hipotesis thitung>ttabel yaitu (3,111>2,024) dan nilai signifikansinya 0,004<0,05 yang berarti membuktikan hipotetsis H1 diterima dan ada pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan dari pendayagunaan zakat produktif terhadap kesejahteraan mustahik pada BAZNAS Kabupaten Sorong.
Internationalisation et anglicisation de l’enseignement supérieur en Europe : de quelques exemples de prise en charge des langues à l’université
Authors: Le Lièvre Françoise 
Published: August 2024

L’article traite de l’internationalisation de l’enseignement supérieur dans un contexte de mondialisation, concernant la France en particulier. Les différentes étapes ayant conduit à ce que certains qualifient de « commodification » de l’enseignement supérieur sont discutées en lien avec la question de l’expansion de l’anglais dans les universités. L’évidence de l’anglais participe et renforce son statut hégémonique. Son imposition de facto dans l’enseignement supérieur influence différents aspects de la vie universitaire « internationalisée » sans prise en charge explicite la plupart du temps sauf à de rares exceptions dont nous fournirons quelques exemples. Ce texte plaide en faveur de la mise en place de politiques linguistiques d’universités explicites prenant en charge les réalités plurilingues de nos sociétés mondialisées.
Assessing the Use and Diversity of the Common Ethnomedicinal Flora of Pangi- A Cold Desert Region of North-West Himalayas
Authors: Rani Savita , Jeelani S. M. , Kalia Sonika , Sharma J. K. , Sharma K. R. 
Published: August 2024

Pangi -a dry temperate region of north-west Himalayas, is known ordnance of aromatic & medicinal plants and conventional knowledge coupled with these plants. Rich traditions and philosophy are deeply imbued in the cultural ethos of the natives while the modernity still eludes them, signalling a good scope for ethnobotanical studies. The inhabitants of the Pangi valley use various plant parts for curing different diseases like cough & cold, fever, burns, joint pains and stomach troubles besides using them for making household articles and in religious rites. The present study deals with twenty major medicinal plants used by the natives of the Pangi valley to cure a variety of ailments as the orthodox health care system practised by the local healers (Vaidyas). On extensive review of relevant research literature it was revealed that the use of these plants was never recorded before and hence the present investigation qualifies as a pioneering endeavour. The traditional herbal medicine is still the most prevalent system in the area while the modern health care systems are slowly creeping in.
Influence of Bioformulation on Growth, Yield and Quality of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.)
Authors: Belagumpi Mahendra , Sreeja Konathachira , Ramani Gorle Roja , Durgad Rajeshwari S , (LKN) D.K. Ghosh , Chattopadhyay N. 
Published: August 2024

Panchagavya, an organic product has the potential to play the role of promoting growth and providing immunity in plant system. Panchagavya consists of nine products viz. cow dung, cow urine, milk, curd, jaggery, ghee, banana, Tender coconut and water. When suitably mixed and used, these have miraculous effects. Nigella sativa L. is an annual herb possessing wide range of medicinal uses apart from its commercial significance as a spice-yielding plant. It is used in folk (herbal) medicine all over the globe for the treatment and prevention of a number of diseases and its organic cultivation has gained importance in recent times. Keeping this in view, a field experiment was conducted. The treatments composed of T1 (Panchagavya foliar spray @ 4%), T2(Panchagavya foliar spray @ 8%), T3(Panchagavya foliar spray @ 12%), T4(Panchagavya foliar spray @ 16%), T5(Panchagavya foliar spray @ 20%) and T6 (water spray- Control) were evaluated. Among treatment T5 (Panchagavya as foliar spray @ 20%) recorded the maximum plant height of 29.95cm, 60.45cm and 73.09cm respectively at 60,90 and 120 DAS, the maximum number of primary branches and secondary branches of 7.18/plant and 24.54/plant were recorded at 120 DAS. Highest projected seed yield of 566.39 kg/ha along with highest dry pod weight (0.32g) pod diameter (0.93cm), seed yield/plant (2.62g), 1000 seed weight (2.10g) along with the maximum essential oil content (1.06%) and highest B:C ratio of 1.88 with a highest net return of Rs.52982/ha recorded under the same treatment. T4 (Panchagavya as foliar spray @ 16%) recorded 2nd highest plant height of 29.51cm, 59.26cm and 72.71 cm at 60,90 and 120 DAS and 2nd highest Projected seed yield of 547.73 kg/ha with other characters like dry pod weight (0.30g), pod diameter (0.92cm), seed yield/plant (2.09g) and 1000 seed weight (2.09g) along with essential oil content of 1.01% and 2nd highest cost benefit ratio of 1.84 and net return of Rs.49850/ha which were at par with T5(Panchagavya foliar spray at 20%).
Seismicity and shallow slab geometry in the central Vanuatu subduction zone
Authors: Baillard Christian , Crawford Wayne C. , Ballu Valérie , Régnier Marc , Pelletier Bernard , Garaebiti Esline 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe Vanuatu arc in the southwest Pacific Ocean is one of the world's most seismically active regions, with almost 39 magnitude 7+ earthquakes in the past 43 years. Convergence rates are around 90–120 mm/yr along most of the arc, but drop to 25–43 mm/yr in the central section, probably due to the subduction of the d'Entrecasteaux ridge. We characterize the slab geometry and tectonic state in this central section by analyzing data from a 10 month deployment of 30 seismometers over this section. We located more than 30,000 events (all less than magnitude 5.5), constructed an improved 1‐D velocity model, calculated focal mechanisms and cluster geometries, and determined the 3‐D geometry of the interplate seismogenic zone. The seismogenic zone has a shallow bulge in front of the d'Entrecasteaux ridge, which could be explained by the ridge's buoyancy contributing to the uplift of the fore‐arc islands. The seismogenic zone extends to ~45 km depth, significantly below the 26–27 km depth of the fore‐arc Moho, indicating that the upper mantle wedge is not significantly serpentinized, which is consistent with the relatively high thermal parameter of the subducting plate. The maximum width of the seismogenic zone is 80 km, indicating an upper earthquake magnitude limit of Mw 7.85 ± 0.4, assuming standard rupture zone aspect ratios. The data also reveal a double seismic zone, 20 to 30 km below the seismogenic zone, which is presumably caused by flexure of the downgoing plate.
Impacts of stratospheric ozone depletion and recovery on wave propagation in the boreal winter stratosphere
Authors: Hu Dingzhu , Tian Wenshou , Xie Fei , Wang Chunxiao , Zhang Jiankai 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis paper uses a state‐of‐the‐art general circulation model to study the impacts of the stratospheric ozone depletion from 1980 to 2000 and the expected partial ozone recovery from 2000 to 2020 on the propagation of planetary waves in December, January, and February. In the Southern Hemisphere (SH), the stratospheric ozone depletion leads to a cooler and stronger Antarctic stratosphere, while the stratospheric ozone recovery has the opposite effects. In the Northern Hemisphere (NH), the impacts of the stratospheric ozone depletion on polar stratospheric temperature are not opposite to that of the stratospheric ozone recovery; i.e., the stratospheric ozone depletion causes a weak cooling and the stratospheric ozone recovery causes a statistically significant cooling. The stratospheric ozone depletion leads to a weakening of the Arctic polar vortex, while the stratospheric ozone recovery leads to a strengthening of the Arctic polar vortex. The cooling of the Arctic polar vortex is found to be dynamically induced via modulating the planetary wave activity by stratospheric ozone increases. Particularly interesting is that stratospheric ozone changes have opposite effects on the stationary and transient wave fluxes in the NH stratosphere. The analysis of the wave refractive index and Eliassen‐Palm flux in the NH indicates (1) that the wave refraction in the stratosphere cannot fully explain wave flux changes in the Arctic stratosphere and (2) that stratospheric ozone changes can cause changes in wave propagation in the northern midlatitude troposphere which in turn affect wave fluxes in the NH stratosphere. In the SH, the radiative cooling (warming) caused by stratospheric ozone depletion (recovery) produces a larger (smaller) meridional temperature gradient in the midlatitude upper troposphere, accompanied by larger (smaller) zonal wind vertical shear and larger (smaller) vertical gradients of buoyancy frequency. Hence, there are more (fewer) transient waves propagating into the stratosphere. The dynamical warming (cooling) caused by stratospheric ozone decreases (increases) partly offsets their radiative cooling (warming).
Differentiating induced and natural seismicity using space‐time‐magnitude statistics applied to the Coso Geothermal field
Authors: Schoenball Martin , Davatzes Nicholas C. , Glen Jonathan M. G. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractA remarkable characteristic of earthquakes is their clustering in time and space, displaying their self‐similarity. It remains to be tested if natural and induced earthquakes share the same behavior. We study natural and induced earthquakes comparatively in the same tectonic setting at the Coso Geothermal Field. Covering the preproduction and coproduction periods from 1981 to 2013, we analyze interevent times, spatial dimension, and frequency‐size distributions for natural and induced earthquakes. Individually, these distributions are statistically indistinguishable. Determining the distribution of nearest neighbor distances in a combined space‐time‐magnitude metric, lets us identify clear differences between both kinds of seismicity. Compared to natural earthquakes, induced earthquakes feature a larger population of background seismicity and nearest neighbors at large magnitude rescaled times and small magnitude rescaled distances. Local stress perturbations induced by field operations appear to be strong enough to drive local faults through several seismic cycles and reactivate them after time periods on the order of a year.
Survey of Saturn Z‐mode emission
Authors: Menietti J. D. , Averkamp T. F. , Ye S.‐Y. , Horne R. B. , Woodfield E. E. , Shprits Y. Y. , Gurnett D. A. , Persoon A. M. , Wahlund J.‐E. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBecause of the role of Z‐mode emission in the diffusive scattering and resonant acceleration of electrons, we conduct a survey of intensity in the Saturn inner magnetosphere. Z mode is primarily observed as “5 kHz” narrowband emission in the lower density regions where the ratio of cyclotron to plasma frequency, fc/fp > 1 to which we limit this study. This occurs at Saturn along the inner edge of the Enceladus torus near the equator and at higher latitudes. We present profiles and parametric fits of intensity as a function of frequency, radius, latitude, and local time. The magnetic field intensity levels are lower than chorus, but the electric field intensities are comparable. We conclude that Z‐mode wave‐particle interactions may make a significant contribution to electron acceleration in the inner magnetosphere of Saturn, supplementing acceleration produced by chorus emission.
High correlations between temperature and nitric oxide in the thermosphere
Authors: Weimer D. R. , Mlynczak M. G. , Hunt L. A. , Tobiska W. Kent 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObtaining accurate predictions of the neutral density in the thermosphere has been a long‐standing problem. During geomagnetic storms the auroral heating in the polar ionospheres quickly raises the temperature of the thermosphere, resulting in higher neutral densities that exert a greater drag force on objects in low Earth orbit. Rapid increases and decreases in the temperature and density may occur within a couple days. A key parameter in the thermosphere is the total amount of nitric oxide (NO). The production of NO is accelerated by the auroral heating, and since NO is an efficient radiator of thermal energy, higher concentrations of this molecule accelerate the rate at which the thermosphere cools. This paper describes an improved technique that calculates changes in the global temperature of the thermosphere. Starting from an empirical model of the Poynting flux into the ionosphere, a set of differential equations derives the minimum, global value of the exospheric temperature, which can be used in a neutral density model to calculate the global values. The relative variations in NO content are used to obtain more accurate cooling rates. Comparisons with the global rate of NO emissions that are measured with the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry instrument show that there is very good agreement with the predicted values. The NO emissions correlate highly with the total auroral heating that has been integrated over time. We also show that the NO emissions are highly correlated with thermospheric temperature, as well as indices of solar extreme ultraviolet radiation.
Moment tensors associated with the expansion and movement of fluid in ellipsoidal cavities
Authors: Mizuno Naoto , Ichihara Mie , Kame Nobuki 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMoment tensor representation is useful for interpreting source processes from seismic and/or geodetic observations. However, there remains difficulty to determine the source processes because some models cannot be distinguished from moment tensors and the range of moment tensor represented by particular process is generally limited. We examine magma movement between two ellipsoids with consideration of mass conservation and pressure balance. The resultant moment tensor component ratio (MTCR) range is clearly distinguished from that generated by expanding ellipsoids. However, there is a range of the MTCR that cannot be explained by either fluid expansion or movement; in such cases, partial pressure recovery after fluid movement provides a plausible explanation. The MTCR for fluid movement between two ellipsoids with randomly varying geometry and relative orientation is shown to exhibit a concentrated trend representing a linear combination of a double‐couple source and an opening crack. Although such an MTCR is generally interpreted as a crack with both tensile and shear dislocations, we demonstrate that it can be generated by fluid movement between two thin ellipsoids. Our results provide a physically reasonable mechanism for interpreting the MTCR obtained from observed data with a comprehensive view of possible source processes.
Wavelet correlations to reveal multiscale coupling in geophysical systems
Authors: Casagrande Erik , Mueller Brigitte , Miralles Diego G. , Entekhabi Dara , Molini Annalisa 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe interactions between climate and the environment are highly complex. Due to this complexity, process‐based models are often preferred to estimate the net magnitude and directionality of interactions in the Earth system. However, these models are based on simplifications of our understanding of nature and thus are unavoidably imperfect. Conversely, observation‐based data of climatic and environmental variables are becoming increasingly accessible over global scales due to the progress of spaceborne sensing technologies and data‐assimilation techniques. Albeit uncertain, these data enable the possibility to start unraveling complex multivariable, multiscale relationships if the appropriate statistical methods are applied. Here we investigate the potential of the wavelet cross‐correlation method as a tool for identifying time/frequency‐dependent interactions, feedback, and regime shifts in geophysical systems. The ability of wavelet cross‐correlation to resolve the fast and slow components of coupled systems is tested on synthetic data of known directionality and then applied to observations to study one of the most critical interactions between land and atmosphere: the coupling between soil moisture and near‐ground air temperature. Results show that our method is able to capture the dynamics of the soil moisture‐temperature coupling over a wide range of temporal scales (from days to several months) and climatic regimes (from wet to dry) and consistently identify the magnitude and directionality of the coupling. Consequently, wavelet cross‐correlations are presented as a promising tool for the study of multiscale interactions, with the potential of being extended to the analysis of causal relationships in the Earth system.
Simulation and classification of the impacts of projected climate change on flow regimes in the arid Hexi Corridor of Northwest China
Authors: Zhang Yongyong , Fu Guobin , Sun Boyang , Zhang Shifeng , Men Baohui 
Published: July 2015

AbstractTraditional assessment approaches of climate change on flow regimes usually focus on flow magnitude and cannot capture the overall variation of flow regimes (e.g., variability, frequency, duration, timing, and rating). The Hexi Corridor, which is a typical arid and semiarid region in Northwest China, was selected as the study area. Streamflows were simulated by an integrated water system model in a historical period (1985–2005) and three future periods (2030s, 2050s, and 2070s). Twenty‐nine global climate models were picked from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 based on projection performance, and the high (RCP85) and intermediate (RCP45) ranges of Representative Concentration Pathways were selected for future scenario analysis. All the streamflows were characterized in detail by flow regime metrics, including the magnitude, variability, and frequency of the overall flow events. The regional impacts of climate change were assessed and clustered into several similar spatial patterns. Results showed that the projected climate change would sensibly increase the magnitudes of average and low flows (75th percentile), as well as the frequencies of low and high flows (25th percentile), but decrease the flow variability. By contrast, it would not sensibly change the magnitude of high‐flow events. The flow regime variations of all scenarios and periods were clustered into three robust classes (highly, moderately, and slightly impacted classes) in the entire region. The flow regimes would be highly and moderately impacted in the middle stream and downstream with large‐sized and semidesert catchments but slightly impacted in the upper and middle streams with small‐sized and montane vegetation catchments. The impacted classes will sensibly vary at most stations in different future periods because of the spatial differences of climate change. This study would provide scientific support to implement the integrated adaptive water resource management for climate change at regional scales in the arid Hexi Corridor.
A model of the socio‐hydrologic dynamics in a semiarid catchment: Isolating feedbacks in the coupled human‐hydrology system
Authors: Elshafei Y. , Coletti J. Z. , Sivapalan M. , Hipsey M. R. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe challenge of sustainable freshwater management requires identification and characterization of the underlying components and dynamic interactions within the coupled human‐hydrology system. This paper builds a model that captures the dynamic water balance evolution and coupled human response within the Lake Toolibin catchment in West Australia's wheatbelt region. Two subcatchments in different parts of the landscape were selected to examine the key emergent properties of the coupled socio‐hydrology system over a 100 year period, by analyzing the two‐way feedbacks of land use management (human system feedback) and land degradation (natural system feedback). Using a relatively simple parameterization of community sensitivity to land degradation within the model, we identified positive and negative feedbacks, the presence of threshold behavior, time scale differences between fast and slow moving variables, differences in time lags resulting from disparate resistance levels of the natural system, and the degree of adaptive learning inherent in the human system. Specifically, the valley floor subcatchment transitioned through four phases—expansion, contraction, recession, and recovery—demonstrating a threshold shift in the human feedback after 60 years, while the upslope subcatchment appears to still be in the contraction phase, with no sign of reaching a threshold shift in 100 years. These results demonstrate that the model is capable of isolating the two‐way feedbacks of the coupled system and has implications for resilience theory, suggesting that greater resistance in the underlying natural system counteracts the onset of a negative feedback loop and instigation of adaptive behaviors in the human system.
Formation of Carbonyl Compounds from Amines through Oxidative CN Bond Cleavage using Visible Light Photocatalysis and Applications to N‐PMB‐Amide Deprotection
Authors: Iqbal Naeem , Cho Eun Jin 
Published: July 2015

AbstractA method has been developed for CN bond cleavage that utilizes visible light photocatalysis. The process, which utilizes 1 mol% of the ruthenium complex Ru(bpy)3Cl2 as the photocatalyst, potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) as the oxidant and water/acetonitrile (H2O/CH3CN) as the solvent, transforms a variety of primary, secondary and tertiary amines to the corresponding carbonyl compounds. In addition, this method was applied to the removal of a p‐methoxylbenzyl (PMB) group from N‐PMB protected amides.magnified image