bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neanderthal hand and foot remains from Moula‐Guercy, Ardèche, France
Authors: Mersey Ben , Jabbour Rebecca S. , Brudvik Kyle , Defleur Alban 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTThe hand and foot remains from Moula‐Guercy cave (Ardèche, France) comprise 24 specimens of Eemian age (ca. 120 ka). The specimens include primarily complete elements, which are rare among the Moula‐Guercy postcrania. The hand remains have several characteristic Neanderthal traits including a laterally facing (parasagittally oriented) second metacarpal‐capitate articulation, a short styloid process, a wide proximal articular surface on the third metacarpal, and absolutely expanded apical tuberosities on the distal hand phalanges relative to modern humans. The foot remains include several incomplete elements along with an antimeric pair of naviculars, a medial cuneiform and cuboid, and a single complete element from each of the distal segments (one each: metatarsal, proximal foot phalanx, intermediate foot phalanx, distal foot phalanx). Consistent among the specimens are relatively wide diaphyses for length in the metatarsals and phalanges and large and prominent muscle attachments, both consistent with previously published Neanderthal morphology. The hand and foot collection from Moula‐Guercy is an important dataset for future studies of Neanderthal functional morphology, dexterity, and behavior as it represents a previously undersampled time period for European Neanderthals. Am J Phys Anthropol 152:516–529, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tetracycline release from chitosan/fish‐scale‐based membranes
Authors: Cortes Gracy Karla da R. , Vieira Eunice F. S. , Cestari Antonio R. , Chagas Renata A. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTIn this study, we aimed to develop new biocompatible membranes on the basis of chitosan (CHIT) and fish scale powder (ESC) from the species Leporinus elongatus. The possibility of using the uncrosslinked membrane (ESC/CHIT) and membrane crosslinked with sodium tetraborate (ESC/CHIT‐B) for tetracycline release was investigated. The drug‐release kinetics were studied at 30 and 37°C in phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.4). For ESC/CHIT, the drug release was faster, about 6 days, whereas the release time of tetracycline impregnated in ESC/CHIT‐B was about 7 days. The in vitro release behavior of tetracycline from both membranes followed the Peppas and Higuchi kinetic models. The kinetics of drug release from ESC/CHIT were regarded as a coupled diffusion/polymer relaxation mechanism, whereas drug release from ESC/CHIT‐B seemed to be controlled by polymer relaxation. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2014, 131, 39943.
Prejudice‐reduction in Culturally Mixed Classrooms: The Development and Assessment of a Theory‐driven Intervention Among Majority and Minority Youth in Finland
Authors: Liebkind Karmela , Mähönen Tuuli Anna , Solares Emilia , Solheim Erling , Jasinskaja‐Lahti Inga 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTThe aim of this field experiment was to develop and assess an intervention promoting positive intergroup relations in culturally diverse schools. The intervention was based on extended contact and social learning and utilized behavioural journalism as its method. Intervention effects were assessed on out‐group attitudes, perceived importance of future contact, perceived peer norms and intergroup anxiety among ethnic majority (N = 583) and minority (N = 214) youth in grades 7–9 in Finnish secondary schools (total Nexperimental = 388; total Ncontrol = 409). As a result of the intervention, both groups showed a tendency to perceive future intergroup contact as more important, and this effect was most notable for younger participants and girls. Prototypicality of in‐group and out‐group peer models contributed positively to intervention effects. However, unexpectedly, the intervention also increased experiences of intergroup anxiety among the oldest participants. The results are discussed taking into account the developmental stage of the youth studied. Besides critically assessing the effectiveness of the intervention, recommendations for improving theory‐driven prejudice‐reduction and for the development of future interventions in culturally diverse contexts are given. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Copper‐Assisted Click Reactions for Activity‐Based Proteomics: Fine‐Tuned Ligands and Refined Conditions Extend the Scope of Application
Authors: Rudolf Georg C. , Sieber Stephan A. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractCopper‐catalysed alkyne–azide 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC) is the predominantly used bioconjugation method in the field of activity‐based protein profiling (ABPP). Several limitations, however, including conversion efficiency, protein denaturation and buffer compatibility, restrict the scope of established procedures. We introduce an ABPP customised click methodology based on refined CuAAC conditions together with new accelerating copper ligands. A screen of several triazole compounds revealed the cationic quaternary {3‐[4‐({bis[(1‐tert‐butyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methyl]amino}methyl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐1‐yl]propyl}trimethylammonium trifluoroacetate (TABTA) to be a superior ligand. TABTA exhibited excellent in vitro conjugation kinetics and optimal ABPP labelling activity while almost exclusively preserving the native protein fold. The application of this CuAAC‐promoting system is amenable to existing protocols with minimal perturbations and is even compatible with previously unusable buffer systems such as Tris⋅HCl.
Nanopalladium on Amino‐Functionalized Mesocellular Foam as an Efficient and Recyclable Catalyst for the Selective Transfer Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes to Anilines
Authors: Verho Oscar , Nagendiran Anuja , Tai Cheuk‐Wai , Johnston Eric V. , Bäckvall Jan‐E. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractHerein, we report on the use of nanopalladium on amino‐functionalized siliceous mesocellular foam as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the transfer hydrogenation of nitroarenes to anilines. In all cases, the protocol proved to be highly selective and favored the formation of the desired aniline as the single product in high yields with short reaction times if naturally occurring and renewable γ‐terpinene was employed as the hydrogen donor. Furthermore, the catalyst displayed excellent recyclability over five cycles and negligible leaching of metal into solution, which makes it an eco‐friendly and economic catalyst to perform this transformation. The scalability of the protocol was demonstrated with the reduction of 4‐nitroanisole on a 2 g scale, in which p‐anisidine was isolated in 98 % yield.
Silver Ion Promoted, PdII‐Catalyzed Arylation of Arenes with a Free Amine as Directing Group in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Liang Zunjun , Yao Jinzhong , Wang Kai , Li Haoran , Zhang Yuhong 
Published: October 2013

AbstractPalladium(II)‐catalyzed arylation of arenes with aryl boronic acids and a free amine as directing group in aqueous medium has been developed. High reactivity and chemoselectivity for the formation of carbon–carbon bonds were achieved by the use of soluble silver salts. The addition of water is crucial to improve the arylation yield.
Low 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels are associated with adverse outcome in newly diagnosed, intensively treated adult acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Lee Hun Ju , Muindi Josephia R. , Tan Wei , Hu Qiang , Wang Dan , Liu Song , Wilding Gregory E. , Ford Laurie A. , Sait Sheila N. J. , Block Annemarie W. , Adjei Araba A. , Barcos Maurice , Griffiths Elizabeth A. , Thompson James E , Wang Eunice S. , Johnson Candace S. , Trump Donald L. , Wetzler Meir 
Published: October 2013

BACKGROUNDSeveral studies have suggested that low 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels may be prognostic in some malignancies, but no studies have evaluated their impact on treatment outcome in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).METHODSVitamin D levels were evaluated in 97 consecutive, newly diagnosed, intensively treated patients with AML. MicroRNA expression profiles and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 25(OH) vitamin D3 pathway genes were evaluated and correlated with 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels and treatment outcome.RESULTSThirty‐four patients (35%) had normal 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels (32‐100 ng/mL), 34 patients (35%) had insufficient levels (20‐31.9 ng/mL), and 29 patients (30%) had deficient levels (<20 ng/mL). Insufficient/deficient 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels were associated with worse relapse‐free survival (RFS) compared with normal vitamin D3 levels. In multivariate analyses, deficient 25(OH) vitamin D3, smoking, European Leukemia Network genetic group, and white blood cell count retained their statistical significance for RFS. Several microRNAs and SNPs were associated with 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels, although none remained significant after multiple test corrections; one 25(OH) vitamin D3 receptor SNP, rs10783219, was associated with a lower complete remission rate (P = .0442) and with shorter RFS (P = .0058) and overall survival (P = .0011).CONCLUSIONSIt remains to be determined what role microRNA and SNP profiles play in contributing to low 25(OH) vitamin D3 level and/or outcome and whether supplementation will improve outcomes for patients with AML. Cancer 2014;120:521–529. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
An international phase 3 trial in head and neck cancer: Quality of life and symptom results
Authors: Bottomley Andrew , Tridello Gloria , Coens Corneel , Rolland Frederic , Tesselaar Margot E.T. , Leemans C. Rene , Hupperets Pierre , Licitra Lisa , Vermorken Jan B. , Van Den Weyngaert Danielle , Truc Gilles , Barillot Isabelle , Lefebvre Jean‐Louis 
Published: October 2013

BACKGROUNDThe European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) 24954 phase 3 randomized clinical trial compared 2 schemes of combined chemotherapy for patients with resectable cancers of the hypopharynx and larynx: sequential induction chemotherapy and radiotherapy versus alternating chemoradiotherapy. The current study reports detailed effects of both treatment arms on health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) and symptoms.METHODSA total of 450 patients aged 35 years to 76 years (World Health Organization performance status (WHO PS) ≤ 2) with untreated, resectable advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx (tumor classification of T3‐T4) or hypopharynx (tumor classification of T2‐T3‐T4) with regional lymph nodes in the neck classified as N0 to N2 with no metastases were randomized in this prospective phase 3 trial into either the sequential arm (control) or the alternating arm (experimental). QOL assessment was performed at randomization; at baseline; at 42 days; and at 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 months.RESULTSThere were no observed differences with regard to the primary endpoint of Fatigue and secondary endpoint of Dyspnea. Significant differences were found in the secondary endpoints of Swallowing and Speech problems at 42 days after randomization in favor of patients in the sequential arm. Explanatory and sensitivity analysis revealed that the primary analysis favored the sequential arm, but the majority of differences in HRQOL did not exist at the end of treatment, and returned to baseline levels.CONCLUSIONSIn the current study, a trend toward worse scores was noted in the patients treated on the alternating chemoradiotherapy arm but very few differences reached the level of statistical significance. The HRQOL scores of the majority of patients returned to baseline after therapy. Cancer 2014;120:390–398. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
GPU‐based acceleration of computations in nonlinear finite element deformation analysis
Authors: Mafi Ramin , Sirouspour Shahin 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARYThe physics of deformation for biological soft‐tissue is best described by nonlinear continuum mechanics‐based models, which then can be discretized by the FEM for a numerical solution. However, computational complexity of such models have limited their use in applications requiring real‐time or fast response. In this work, we propose a graphic processing unit‐based implementation of the FEM using implicit time integration for dynamic nonlinear deformation analysis. This is the most general formulation of the deformation analysis. It is valid for large deformations and strains and can account for material nonlinearities. The data‐parallel nature and the intense arithmetic computations of nonlinear FEM equations make it particularly suitable for implementation on a parallel computing platform such as graphic processing unit. In this work, we present and compare two different designs based on the matrix‐free and conventional preconditioned conjugate gradients algorithms for solving the FEM equations arising in deformation analysis. The speedup achieved with the proposed parallel implementations of the algorithms will be instrumental in the development of advanced surgical simulators and medical image registration methods involving soft‐tissue deformation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neural Gray: A color constancy technique using neural network
Authors: Faghih Mohammad Mehdi , Moghaddam Mohsen Ebrahimi 
Published: October 2013

AbstractColor constancy is the ability of computing color constant descriptors of objects independent of the light illuminating the scene. Although many algorithms exist for color constancy, they are all based on specific assumptions and none of these algorithms can be considered as universal. Gray World and Gray Edge are some samples of such methods. The Gray‐World assumption and its variants form a class of color constancy algorithms that are called Gray algorithms. Although the Gray algorithms provide a good approximation of scene illuminant in many times, their performances are low when the Gray assumptions are not satisfied completely. In this article, we proposed a method to improve the Gray algorithms. This method which is called Neural Gray employs a neural network to model the Gray assumptions based on image statistics. In other words, Gray algorithms act as a global search to find the neighborhoods of the scene illuminant vector then the neural network acts as a local search and compensates the algorithms error. Experiments on some benchmark datasets showed that the proposed approach improved the performance of Gray algorithms and it also outperforms state of the art methods. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 39, 571–581, 2014
Super‐Resolution Microscopy: Going Live and Going Fast
Authors: Lakadamyali Melike 
Published: October 2013

AbstractSuper‐resolution microscopy is increasingly becoming an important tool for biological research, providing valuable information at the nanometer‐length scales inside cells and tissues. In the past decade numerous technological advancements have transformed super‐resolution microscopes into powerful tools of discovery. While the first super‐resolution images took several hours to acquire, recent progress has led to tremendous improvement in acquisition speed, enabling researchers to probe dynamic processes in living cells with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. This minireview focuses on the recent developments in live‐cell super‐resolution microscopy and its biological applications.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Salt Containing ∞1{Zn[trans‐μ2(η3:η3‐Ge9)]}2– Anions: A Polymer with Ge9 Zintl Clusters Bridged by Zn Atoms
Authors: Benda Christian B. , Schäper Raphaela , Schulz Stephan , Fässler Thomas F. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe reaction of an ethylenediamine (en) solution of K4Ge9 with Zn2(Mesnacnac)2 {Mesnacnac = [(2,4,6‐Me3C6H2)NC(Me)]2CH} in the presence of 18‐crown‐6 (18‐crown‐6 = 1,4,7,10,13,16‐hexaoxacyclooctadecane) leads to the formation of the new compound [K(18‐crown‐6)]2{Zn[trans‐μ2(η3:η3‐Ge9)]}(en). A crystallographic structure determination revealed that the salt contains ∞1[Zn(Ge9)]2– polyanions in which each Zn atom bridges two Ge9 clusters by coordinating to opposite triangular faces of the Ge9 deltahedra. The polymeric chain can be formally described as consisting of a trans ZnII complex with two [η3:η3‐Ge9]4– ligands. 1H NMR spectroscopic investigations indicated that the protonation of the Mesnacnac– ligand by the solvent ethylenediamine plays a crucial role in the disproportionation of the ZnI starting material and thus in the formation of the polymeric ZnII complex. In contrast, the reaction of ZnPh2 instead of Zn2(Mesnacnac)2 under the same conditions leads to the known complex [PhZn(η4‐Ge9)]3–.
Antimicrobial Investigation and Structural Study of 4′‐Methylazobenzene‐2‐sulfenyl Thiocyanate by X‐Ray Diffraction, DFT, and Ab Initio HF Calculations
Authors: Bhattacharjee Tirtha , Barman Pranjit , Thakuria Tapan , Sarma Rupam , Dutta Kalita Ranjan , Sarma Bipul 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT4′‐Methylazobenzene‐2‐sulfenyl thio‐cyanate (MABS‐SCN) was synthesized in an aqueous medium and characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The crystal structure was confirmed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction and its geometry was optimized in ground state by Hartree–Fock model and (B3LYP) density functional theory, and in solution (ethanol) using polarized continuum model at restricted HF using the basis set 6–31+G*. The compound crystallizes in orthorhombic space group Pbca, with unit cell parameters a = 7.165 (7) Å, b = 18.846 (2) Å, c = 20.379 (2) Å, V = 2752.1 (5) Å3, and Z = 8. It attains a planar thiadiazolium salt structure due to strong ortho azo–sulfur interaction imparting exceptional thermal stability, nonreactive solubility in aqueous medium, and high melting crystalline solid nature. A weak intramolecular CH…S type interaction, one CH…S type, four CH…N type intermolecular hydrogen bonds, and van der Waal's interactions are believed to be the stabilizing force for the crystal structure. MABS‐SCN was also tested for antimicrobial activity.
Effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on a murine squamous cell carcinoma model
Authors: Paniello Randal C. , Fraley Patrick L. , O'Bert Robert 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundHyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy is sometimes used to assist in wound healing after major head and neck cancer surgery. However, there is concern that HBO treatments might enhance the growth of any residual microscopic disease. This was studied in a mouse model of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).MethodsSCC‐VII/SF tumor cells were cultured, and then injected (3 × 103 cells) into C3H/HeJ mice in 5 groups: subcutaneous (SQ) control (n = 13), SQ‐immediate (n = 12), SQ‐delayed (n = 13), tail vein control (n = 8), and tail vein immediate (n = 9). The 3 experimental groups were subjected to HBO therapy, 2.4 atm for 90 minutes, 5 days per week for 4 weeks, starting on postinjection day 3 (“immediate”) or 10 (“delayed”). Tumors in the SQ mice were measured 3 times per week. Lung metastases in the tail vein mice were counted at necropsy.ResultsAt postimplantation day 28, when the immediate group completed its HBO therapy, the tumor volume in the SQ‐immediate group was 49.1% higher than the control group, and the SQ‐delayed group was 105.1% higher than controls (p < .05). Two weeks later, the SQ‐immediate group and SQ‐delayed group tumor volumes were still significantly higher than controls, but the difference was smaller (18.4% and 43.8%, respectively; p < .05 only for the delayed group). The tail vein groups had similar numbers of lung metastases, with a mean of 8.7 metastases in the control group and 9.0 metastases in the HBO group (not significant [NS]).ConclusionThis study suggests that HBO therapy does accelerate the growth of microscopic foci of SCCs. This finding differs from some earlier studies and warrants further study. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 1743–1746, 2013
Contributions of human hippocampal subfields to spatial and temporal pattern separation
Authors: Azab Marwa , Stark Shauna M. , Stark Craig E.L. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTWe sought to explore the roles of the hippocampal subregions and adjacent medial temporal lobe regions in pattern separation and any differential contributions based on sequential or spatial information. Young adults performed an incidental‐encoding task on a sequence of four objects presented on the screen in one of eight locations while we collected high‐resolution functional MRI brain scans. We employed five trials of interest: first presentations, exact repetitions, lures in which the same objects were repeated in different locations (spatial lures), lures in which the same objects were presented in a different sequential order (sequential lures), and lures in which both the spatial location and sequence were changed (both lures). We found no evidence for spatial or sequential specialization in the hippocampal subfields, consistent with the hypothesis that the dentate gyrus acts as a universal pattern separator. Likewise, we did not observe specialization for the perirhinal or parahippocampal cortices for spatial or sequential information, though both regions show evidence for associative processing in this task. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Scaffolded Silent Reading (ScSR)
Authors: Walker Karen P. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractStructured independent reading among students is often a vital missing component in many school districts’ literacy curriculum. The nationwide implementation of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) requires districts to re‐think their literacy curriculum and what instruction might entail in order for students to demonstrate proficiency in literacy by the end of high school. Walker discusses Scaffolded Silent Reading (ScSR) as a disciplined way for teachers to support adolescents’ independent reading at school. She argues that progressive school leaders prioritize independent reading and establish it as a non‐negotiable component of a comprehensive literacy program. A ScSR policy will have greater sustainability as leadership capacity is developed among teachers to implement and facilitate ScSR.
Teaching Literature in an Age of Text Complexity
Authors: Alsup Janet 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe recently released Common Core State Standards increase classroom emphasis on informational texts in high school and recommend a three‐part measurement for text complexity when selecting texts for classroom use. In this commentary I argue that fictional narratives can not only meet these stated criteria for complex texts and result in critical thinking, reading, and writing, but stories can also lead to increased reader engagement and feelings of empathy for others.