bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes for people admitted to Australian and New Zealand intensive care units with primary, exacerbating, or incidental SARS‐CoV‐2 infections, 2022–23: a retrospective analysis of ANZICS data
Authors: Brown Alastair , Udy Andrew , Kirk Martyn , Bennett Sonya , Chavan Shaila , Huckson Sue , Pilcher David 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo compare in‐hospital mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay for people admitted to Australian and New Zealand ICUs during 2022–23 with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pneumonitis, incidental or exacerbating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infections, or without SAR‐CoV‐2 infections.Study designRetrospective cohort study; analysis of Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) Adult Patient Database data.Setting, participantsAdults (16 years or older) admitted to participating ICUs in Australia or New Zealand, 1 January 2022 – 30 June 2023.Major outcome measuresThe primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality, the secondary outcome ICU length of stay, each by SARS‐CoV‐2 infection attribution classification: primary COVID‐19; exacerbating SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was a contributing factor to the primary cause of ICU admission); incidental SARS‐CoV‐2 infections (SARS‐CoV‐2 infection detected during ICU admission but did not contribute to admission diagnosis); no SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.ResultsA total of 207 684 adults were admitted to 195 Australian and New Zealand ICUs during 2022–23; 2674 people (1.3%) had incidental SARS‐CoV‐2 infections, 4923 (2.4%) exacerbating infections, and 3620 (1.7%) primary COVID‐19. Unadjusted in‐hospital mortality for people with incidental SARS‐CoV‐2 infections (288 deaths, 10.8%) was lower than for those with exacerbating infections (928 deaths, 18.8%) or primary COVID‐19 (830 deaths, 22.9%), but higher than for patients without SARS‐CoV‐2 infections (15 486 deaths, 7.9%). After adjusting for illness severity, frailty, geographic region, and type of hospital, mortality was higher for patients with incidental SARS‐CoV‐2 infections (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10–1.50), exacerbating infections (aOR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.22–1.48), or primary COVID‐19 (aOR, 2.54; 95% CI, 2.30–2.81) than for patients without SARS‐CoV‐2 infections. After adjusting for diagnosis and illness severity, ICU stays were longer for people with incidental (mean difference, 3.3 hours; 95% CI, 2.4–4.2 hours) or exacerbating infections (0.8 hours; 95% CI, 0.2–1.5 hours) than for those without SARS‐CoV‐2 infections.ConclusionRisk‐adjusted in‐hospital mortality and ICU length of stay are higher for people admitted to intensive care who have concomitant SARS‐CoV‐2 infections than for people who do not.
Penanaman Nilai-nilai Akhlakul Karimah pada Peserta Didik melalui Kegiatan Kultum di SD Angkasa 1 Lanud Padang
Authors: Idris Fahmi , Nurjanah Nurjanah 
Published: July 2024

The cultivation of the values of karimah in the pupils is very necessary, given the development of the times and the science of education, and is accompanied by negative effects. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate the values of achlakul karimah in the students. This research aims to describe the cultivation of the values of the achlakul karimah in the pupils at SD Space 1 Lanud Padang. As for the method of this research, it is a qualitative research method with a case study approach. Data collection techniques use methods of interview, observation, and documentation. Data analysis is accompanied by data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawings. The results of this study showed that (1) the activities of the cult in SD Space 1 Lanud Field consist of three stages, namely the initiation activities, core activities, and closing activities, (2) the cultivation of the values of achlakul karimah in the pupils consists of three phases: the stages of value transformation, the stage of value transaction, and the stage transinternalization of value; (3) there are supportive and inhibitory factors in the establishment of values, supporting factors include the will of students to be better, teachers always give a good example, support from parents, adequate means and facilities, the giving of rewards and values to students, while the impeding factors included the factor of students who do not want to change, family factors that do not support, and environmental factors that don't support.
Studying the Release Profile of 5-Fluorouracil Prepared By Controlled Porosity Osmotic System As A Colon Targeting
Authors: Mohammed Ameen Muath , Abdul Rasool Alaa 
Published: July 2024

In this study, different formulas (F1-F7) containing 4 mg of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were prepared as a tablet in form of CPOP-CT. The core of these formulas contained citric acid, sodium chloride, LMCh, MMCh, ProSolv SMCC®90 and magnesium stearate mixed with 5-FU. The formulas were double coated by an inner layer containing chitosan and PEG-400 and outer layer as an enteric coating containing Eudragit®L100-55, triethyl citrate and talc. The solubility of 5-FU in different dissolution media (pH 5, pH 7) was studied. The results indicated increase of LMCh and decrease of citric acid lead to slow the release of 5-FU for F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 in simulated colonic fluid with 61%, 29%, 32%, 43%, 52%, 39% and 68%, respectively within 21 h. In addition, the release rate of 5-FU was affected by changing the weight gain percentages of semipermeable CAM. 6% and 10% weight gains of F3 released 5-FU completely within times (t100% ) of 46 h and 65 h, respectively which are acceptable with colonic transit time (78 h) compared with 14% weight gain (t100% = 135 h). In SCF, the enzymatic effect on the release of 5-FU within 21 h for F6 was studied which synthetic almond emulsin β-glucosidase and human fecal enzyme increased release of 5-FU with 26% and 39%, respectively compared to 18% release with no enzyme. Degradation effect of these enzymes made pores in semipermeable to release drugs and then modulate the drug kinetic from zero order into first order.
Strategi Pemasaran Efektif untuk Meningkatkan Penjualan Usaha Makanan Ringan dalam Praktek Kewirausahaan Mahasiswa Stikes Santa Elisabeth Medan 2024
Authors: Grace Putri Laia  
Published: July 2024

Your Trendy Talent Arena is a business founded by Stikes Santa Elisabeth Medan students with the aim of providing a platform for young talents to showcase their creative works and products. However, the challenge of increasing sales is the main issue faced. Therefore, this research aims to identify effective marketing strategies. And with the aim of identifying and analyzing effective marketing strategies to increase sales at Your Trendy Talent Arena, an entrepreneurial initiative run by Stikes Santa Elisabeth Medan students. Using qualitative and quantitative approaches, this research examines various marketing techniques implemented by, including digital marketing using websites. The research results show that from strong digital marketing,. This analysis provides insight for entrepreneurial practitioners, especially among students, about the importance of dynamic and adaptive marketing strategies in a competitive business environment. In evaluating the success of a marketing strategy, it is important to continuously monitor and analyze sales data and customer feedback.
Incidence and risk factors of low birth weight babies born in Dhulikhel Hospital
Authors: Singh S. D. , Shrestha S. , Marahatta S. B. 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: WHO defines low birth weight (LBW) as a birth weight less than 2500 grams. Almost a third of the newborn in South East Asia Region is a low birth weight baby. Many risk factors contributing to LBW have been recognized, which in order of importance are low maternal weight, low maternal hemoglobin, low maternal height, primi-parity, adolescent mother and poor or inadequate maternal nutrition during pregnancy. Low birth weight babies have a higher risk of morbidity and mortality than an infant of normal birth weight. The present study was carried out to explore the associated risk factors of low birth weight which will be beneficial to undertake effective measures to reduce the burden of the low birth weight.
Methods: This was a hospital based case control study conducted in Dhulikhel hospital, Kavre, Nepal from Jan 1st 2008 to 30th May 2010. A total of 401 cases and an equal number of age matched controls were taken to assess the different risk factors of the mother for LBW babies. Ethical approval for the study was taken from KUSMS-Institutional research committee. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 10.0.
Results: Data of 401 LBW and equal number of normal birth weight babies were analyzed. The incidence of LBW in this study was 11.07%. LBW was more common in female (n=236) than in male(n=165) babies. However, this difference was statistically insignificant. Among the case and the control group, maternal hemoglobin (p<0.001), maternal height (p<0.001), maternal weight gain (p<0.0001), number of ANC visits (p<0.0001) were statistically significant. However, with regards to ethnicity, nutrition during pregnancy, parity and age of the mother the association were insignificant. Ethnical group, nutrition during pregnancy, age of mother and parity was found to be statically insignificant for LBW.
Conclusions: LBW is a common problem of the developing world, which is an important factor for perinatal mortality and morbidity. Maternal height, hemoglobin, total weight gain and ANC visit were found to be the significant risk factors contributing to LBW.
Intestinal parasitic infection among children less than five year of age visiting Children’s Hospital of Kathmandu.
Authors: Shrestha S , Raya S , Shrestha L , Parajuli K , Sherchand JB 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Intestinal parasitosis is a worldwide concern and cause significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries like Nepal. The current study aims to identify the status of intestinal parasitosis among children less than five years of age visiting Kanti Children Hospital.
Methods: Hospital based cross sectional study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2017 among children less than 5 years of age visiting Kanti Children’s Hospital. Parasites were detected by using standard microbiological procedures.
Results: Among a total of 770 stool specimens collected, intestinal parasites were detected in 7.4% cases. Children of age group 49-60 months were found to be infected more often followed by 37- 48months with higher frequency seen in summer season in the month of May and June. Altogether five species of parasites were detected, among which three were protozoan and two were helminths. The most common parasite identified was Giardia lamblia (4.3%) followed by Entamoeba histolytica(2.2%) and Hymenolepis nana(0.5%).
Conclusion: The study indicated that there is still burden of parasitic infection in Nepal among children. Hence, there is a need to incorporate effective prevention and control strategies including health education and environmental hygiene.
Impact of AI on Education: Innovative Tools and Trends
Authors: Msekelwa Dr Patrick Zingisa 
Published: July 2024

Every year, digital technologies appear in every industry. The new, developing technologies offer both advantages and disadvantages. The following are some recent examples of cutting-edge innovations in technology: data science, cybersecurity, block chain technology, artificial intelligence, machine learning, quantum learning, Internet of Things (IoT), 5G and 6G networks, hyper automation, cloud computing, robotics, and natural language processing. AL and ML combined with other cutting-edge, popular technologies have the potential to yield the positive outcomes and contribute to a greener future. Personalized medicine, drug development and predictive diagnostics using large scale data sets are all areas where machine learning might be beneficial to physicians. Students studying mechanical engineering must have a solid understanding of emerging trends such as autonomous vehicles. The potential of AV to create new, improved lifestyle and revolutionize urban planning and transportation has attracted a lot of interest. A research utilized a quantitative technique to further his research. A questionnaire was used to collect data from different participants, and 120 students from different fields in higher education sector were chosen at random. According to research, students who used popular technologies acquired more sophisticated abilities that will increase their output at work. Technology is always changing because it takes ongoing training to keep up with the latest development. The issue of the digital divide will be resolved by ongoing training.
Exploring the Trends and Factors that Contribute to the Declining Voters’ Turnout in South Africa: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Perspective
Authors: Mamokhere John , Kgobe France Khutso Lavhelani , Netshidzivhani Mmbengeni Victor 
Published: July 2024

In South Africa, one of the democratic human rights of every citizen as enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 is exercising the right to vote. Citizens are offered the right to vote as a form of expressing their voice, public participation, influencing decision-making and holding the government accountable. However, citizens globally are motivated or influenced by different factors when choosing their representatives or rule parties. Some citizens look at the viability of the parties’ manifestos, leadership characteristics and behaviour. Given those factors, one of the concerns globally is a steady decline in voting behaviour from eligible citizens and mostly from the youth and to a lesser extent, the elderly. In the South African context, statistics of South Africa, in 2019 outlined that there were 26.1 million registered voters on the voters’ roll. But 9 million South Africans who were eligible to vote did not register to do so. This decline indicates the eligible South African electorate's inclination to exercise their voting rights. Based on the above concerns, this study (1) intends to explore the trends in voter turnout and (2) also intends to determine the factors that contribute to declining voter turnout in South Africa. The study further adopted Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory to understand the underpinning motivations behind voting behaviour and motivation. This is a qualitative research design in nature and uses secondary data to validate the study objectives. Based on the recent information and statistics, it is revealed that there is a declining turnout in election participation. Voters’ turnout has declined in recent years, from a high of 86.9% in 1994 to 62.66% in 2019. This decline is due to several factors, including disillusionment with the ANC government, poor service delivery, unemployment, corruption, apathy among young voters, and logistical challenges. The study recommends reforms to be employed by the IEC to increase election turnout by utilising an e-voting system to accommodate youth who are daily on the internet and social media platforms.
Peran Katekese Keluarga Sebagai Persekutuan Umat Beriman di Zaman Sekarang Menurut Dokumen Familiaris Consortio Artikel 51-54
Authors: Jugan Wenseslaus 
Published: July 2024

Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah menggali dan memahami kembali anjuran apostolik Paus Yohanes Paulus II mengenai dokumen Familiaris Consortio secara khusus artikel 51-54. Dokumen ini secara khusus membahas mengenai peranan keluarga Kristiani dalam dinamika perkembangan zaman sekarang. Tema ini sangat menarik untuk diteliti karena relevan dengan situasi keluarga zaman sekarang. Tujuan yang hendak dicapai dalam penelitian ini ialah menjadikan dokumen familiaris Consortio sebagai pedoman untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan kesadaran keluarga untuk menjalankan panggilan hidupnya. Sebagai Gereja “kecil”, keluarga sebetulnya sudah mengemban tugas utama Kristiani yaitu mewartakan injil yang terintegrasi dalam sakramen perkawinan. Hal ini cukup relevan untuk mengatasi segala persoalan serta tantangan keluarga kristiani zaman sekarang seperti perceraian, kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, perkembangan teknologi yang mempengaruhi pola relasi, serta akses pendidikan berkualitas karena kekurangan fasilitas dan keterbatasan ekonomi. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa keluarga kristiani adalah Persekutuan Gereja yang bertanggung jawab dalam pewartaan injil, pendidikan iman, serta tanda nyata kehadiran kasih Allah yang terintegrasi dalam sakramen perkawinan. Dengan menghayati panggilannya yang khas tersebut keluarga kristiani mampu menghadirkan Allah serta menciptakan kebaikan bersama.
Indigenous Weather Forecast Systems: A Case Study of Weather Forecast Indicators for Chapo Village, Ward 17, in Matopo Zimbabwe
Authors: Sebata Sehlapi , Dhlamini Nozizwe , Ndlovu Mbulisi 
Published: July 2024

This research documents the indigenous weather forecast indicators used at Chapo Village, Ward 17, in Matobo District, Zimbabwe. Matobo District is in natural region IV which receives between 450-650mm per year and experiences frequent droughts. The objectives of this research were to identify and document the indigenous indicators used in this community, offer the meanings the villagers’ attach to each indicator and establish their perception of the indigenous weather forecast indicators. The study adopted a qualitative approach. Focus group discussions and interviews were held to collect data in the village. The data was analysed using a thematic approach and this was underpinned by the afrocentric theory. The results showed that villagers used trees, birds, mammals, amphibians, reptiles and insects to predict the weather patterns. Of these indicators, trees had the largest number of species used in weather forecasting. The religious worldview of the locals also formed part of the intricate weather forecast systems used in the area. The people of Chapo Village value and rely on the indigenous weather forecast indicators which they derive from their environment. The study concludes that these indigenous weather forecasting methods are for form of intangible cultural heritage (ICH). There is therefore need to produce nomination files which will facilitate their inscription on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Centro de innovación productiva y transferencia de tecnología del limón en el distrito de Tambogrande, Piura
Authors: La Rosa-Boggio Diego , Medina-Núñez Katherine , More-Sernaque Zoraida 
Published: July 2024

El objetivo del estudio es diseñar un Centro de Innovación Productiva y Transferencia de Tecnología del limón que impulse la productividad y competitividad en el sector La Peñita, distrito de Tambogrande, Piura; el alcance del mismo corresponde a la infraestructura adecuada para este proyecto, el cual se podría cristalizar con base en una alianza publica privada entre la Universidad, los usuarios: la Comisión de Regantes y el Gobierno Regional de Piura, siendo esta una forma de transferir tecnología a la comunidad a través de la universidad; el enfoque metodológico es de tipo cualitativo descriptivo, los instrumentos fueron la entrevista semiestructurada y la ficha de observación, y dentro de las conclusiones cuenta el hecho de que se identificó la realidad problemática del sector La Peñita, quienes no cuentan con una infraestructura adecuada para generar un valor agregado a un producto emblemático de la región Piura como es el limón sutil; y se identificaron todas las características que debe tener el diseño arquitectónico de un Centro de Innovación Productiva y Transferencia de Tecnología del limón en el sector para coadyuvar al impulso de la productividad y competitividad en el área antes indicada; por último el estudio propone el diseño arquitectónico de un Centro de Innovación Productiva del Limón en La Peñita-Tambogrande, enmarcado en una alianza público-privada. Sin embargo, se señala la necesidad de investigaciones adicionales desde otras disciplinas que complementen este trabajo, abordando la gestión, administración y el proceso de industrialización del limón.
Effect of corrosion inhibitors on internal corrosion in oil pipelines: a brief review
Authors: Razaq Esraa , Abdulsada Shaymaa Abbas 
Published: July 2024

The oil and gas industry primarily relies on pipelines to transport crude and refined petroleum, so transportation of crude oil is mostly handled by pipelines. In view of this, it is impossible to prevent the pipeline surfaces from being continuously exposed to corrosion sources, such as contaminants that contain traces of chromate and sulfur, which can cause corrosion to occur on the pipeline surfaces. It is known that corrosion inhibitors are chemicals that are used in low concentrations for the purpose of reducing or preventing corrosion. The effectiveness of an inhibitor is determined by its ability to react with a metal's surface and produce a protective coating that reduces or prevents corrosion by reacting with the metal's surface. A review of corrosion mechanisms in oil pipelines is presented in this article, along with a description of how corrosion inhibitors can be selected according to the corrosion mechanisms in oil pipelines.
A Literatura no Ensino de Português Língua não Materna (EPLNM): Adaptações e Originais
Authors: MACHADO ANA MARIA 
Published: July 2024

RESUMO: Da discussão do lugar que a literatura tem ocupado no ensino de língua não materna (ELNM) e da experiência docente sai reforçada a convicção de que o texto literário, adaptado ou original, alarga os horizontes linguísticos e culturais do aluno. Partindo da importância da leitura extensiva, já amplamente fundamentada, num primeiro momento, apresentam-se os critérios utilizados na introdução de graded readersno EPLNM nos níveis A1/A2 e os resultados do projeto desenvolvido no âmbito de uma parceria entre dois centros de investigação e, numa segunda parte, sugere-se uma hipótese de abordagem do texto literário no nível C2, de forma a expor o aprendente à língua literária, enquanto manifestação da plenitude funcional da linguagem. Quer se trate de uma história adaptada bem contada, quer de um texto original que o aluno lê autonomamente, todo o diálogo que se estabelece em torno desse input é fonte de aprendizagem e de enriquecimento linguístico. Finalmente, tudo se resume à indissociabilidade do ensino da língua e da literatura, e nem mesmo as ditas aulas de literatura qualiteratura, em estádios mais avançados da aprendizagem, poderão prescindir do poder criativo da língua.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Literatura, ensino do português língua não materna, ensino da língua e da literatura, graded readers
ABSTRACT: From the discussion of the place that literature has occupied in Teaching NonMaternal Language (TNML) and from teaching experience, the conviction that the literary text, adapted or original, broadens the linguistic and cultural horizons of the student is reinforced. Starting from the importance of extensive reading, already widely studied, we first present the criteria used in the introduction of graded readers in TNML at levels A1/A2 and the results of the project developed within the scope of a partnership between two research centers. Next, one hypotheses is suggested for approaching the literary text at level C2, in order to expose the learner to the literary language as a manifestation of the functional language in its fullness. Whether it is a well-told adapted story or an original text that the student reads independently, the entire dialogue established around this input is a source of learning and linguistic enrichment. Finally, it all boils down to what the inseparability of language and literature teaching and not even the so-called literature qua literature classes, in more advanced stages of learning, are able to do without the creative power of language.
KEYWORDS: Literature, teaching Portuguese non-native language, teaching language and literature, graded readers