bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrast-enhanced MRI of the subdeltoid, subacromial bursa in painful and painless rotator cuff tears
Authors: Hodgson R J , O'Connor P J , Hensor E M A , Barron D , Robinson P 
Published: October 2012

Objective
Although shoulder pain is often associated with rotator cuff tears, many tears are asymptomatic and are not the cause of the patient's pain. This may explain the persistence of symptoms in some patients despite technically successful rotator cuff repair. It has been proposed that rotator cuff tears cause pain through subdeltoid/subacromial bursal inflammation. The aim of this study was to determine whether bursal inflammation seen on MRI is associated with pain in patients with rotator cuff tears of the shoulder.

Methods
The shoulders of 255 patients were screened with ultrasound. 33 full-thickness rotator cuff tears (18 with shoulder pain and 15 without pain) were identified and subsequently studied using contrast-enhanced MRI of the shoulder. Enhancement of the subacromial bursa was scored independently by two musculoskeletal radiologists. Logistic regression was used to determine whether bursal enhancement was independently associated with pain.

Results
There was a significant association between pain and age, with greater likelihood of pain in younger patients. Bursal enhancement was common in both painful and painless tears. No statistically significant link between pain and bursal enhancement was seen, even after accounting for age.

Conclusion
Although enhancement of the subdeltoid/subacromial bursa was common, no evidence was found to support the hypothesis that bursal enhancement is associated with pain in rotator cuff tears. It is therefore unlikely to determine reliably which patients would benefit from rotator cuff repair.

Advances in knowledge
Bursal enhancement and thickening does not reliably correlate with symptoms or presence of rotator cuff tear.
Species-specific shells: Chitin synthases and cell mechanics in molluscs
Authors: Weiss Ingrid 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe size, morphology and species-specific texture of mollusc shell biominerals is one of the unresolved questions in nature. In search of molecular control principles, chitin has been identified by Weiner and Traub (FEBS Lett. 1980, 111:311–316) as one of the organic compounds with a defined co-organization with mineral phases. Chitin fibers can be aligned with certain mineralogical axes of crystalline calcium carbonate in a species-specific manner. These original observations motivated the functional characterization of chitin forming enzymes in molluscs. The full-length cDNA cloning of mollusc chitin synthases identified unique myosin domains as part of the biological control system. The potential impact of molecular motors and other conserved domains of these complex transmembrane enzymes on the evolution of shell biomineralization is investigated and discussed in this article.
Enhanced Thermoelectric Properties of FeSbx Nanocomposites Through Stoichiometric Adjustment
Authors: Pokharel Mani , Zhao Huaizhou , Lukas Kevin , Ren Zhifeng , Opeil Cyril 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTThe Seebeck coefficient, electrical resistivity, thermal conductivity and Hall coefficient of FeSbx (x = 2.04, 2.00, and 1.96) nanocomposites hot pressed at 300 °C were measured. The power factor of FeSb1.96 was increased by 105% compared to FeSb2. Hall coefficient measurements revealed a decreased carrier concentration and increased mobility in FeSb1.96 with an overall enhancement in ZTof 45% in FeSb1.96 .
Bone Graft Substitutes for Periodontal Use Available in the United States
Authors: Avila‐Ortiz Gustavo , Elangovan Satheesh , Karimbux Nadeem 
Published: October 2012

A comprehensive search was conducted to identify all the bone substitute products marketed in the United States for periodontal and oral implant applications. Different sources were searched to obtain information regarding the original manufacturer, source, sterilization process, product presentation details, and composition. A detailed report of the results is presented. A total of 144 different bone substitutes were identified. Of those, 93 were allografts, 30 were alloplastic materials, and 21 were xenografts.A multitude of bone graft substitutes are currently available in the United States for periodontal and oral implant applications and the majority are allografts produced by well‐established tissue banks or manufacturers.
Evaluation of Supracrestal Gingival Tissue After Surgical Crown Lengthening: A 6‐Month Clinical Study
Authors: Arora Ritika , Narula Satish C. , Sharma Rajinder K. , Tewari Shikha 
Published: October 2012

Background: Previous studies on crown lengthening (CL) report contradictory results regarding stability of crown length gained at the time of surgery. The “3‐mm rule” has dictated the amount of alveolar bone to be removed during CL surgery for decades. With the current understanding of wide variations in supracrestal gingival tissue (SGT) dimensions, bone removal can be customized to the situation. The purpose of this study is to assess alterations in periodontal tissue levels 6 months after CL surgery and to evaluate factors that may influence stability of CL achieved over time.Methods: Sixty‐four patients requiring CL surgery on 64 teeth are included in this study. Clinical parameters were recorded along six surfaces of treated tooth and neighboring teeth. Sites were labeled as treated sites, adjacent sites, and non‐adjacent sites. Bone was reduced based on the minimal amount of tooth structure required for restorative purpose and SGT dimensions at each site. Patients were re‐evaluated at 3 and 6 months.Results: Significant soft‐tissue rebound (0.77 ± 0.58 mm) was observed 6 months after CL surgery. This rebound was found to be significantly correlated with periodontal biotype (r = 0.325, P = 0.000) and post‐suturing flap position (r = −0.601, P = 0.000). SGT was not reestablished to its preoperative dimensions by the end of 6 months (P = 0.001).Conclusions: Crown length gained during surgery significantly decreased 6 months post‐surgery. Suturing the flap ≤3 mm from the osseous crest and thick‐flat biotype were associated with greater tissue rebound.
Tooth Loss and Periodontitis in Older Individuals: Results From the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care
Authors: Renvert Stefan , Persson Rigmor E. , Persson G. Rutger 
Published: October 2012

Background: Due to the increasing number of older people, there is a need for studies focused on this population. The aims of the present study are to assess oral and systemic conditions in individuals aged 60 to 95 years with access to dental insurance.Methods: Probing depths (PDs), tooth loss, alveolar bone levels, and systemic health were studied among a representative cohort of older individuals.Results: A total of 1,147 individuals in young‐old (aged 60 or 67 years), old (aged 72 or 78 years), and old‐old (aged ≥81 years) age groups were enrolled, including 200 individuals who were edentulous, in this study. Annual dental care was received by 82% of dentate individuals. Systemic diseases were common (diabetes: 5.8%; cardiovascular diseases: 20.7%; obesity: 71.2%; elevated C‐reactive protein [CRP]: 98.4%). Serum CRP values were unrelated to periodontal conditions. Rates of periodontitis, defined as ≥30% of sites with a distance from cemento‐enamel junction to bone of ≥5 mm, were 11.2% in women in the young‐old age group and 44.9% in men in the old‐old age group. Individuals in older age groups had a higher likelihood of periodontitis defined by bone loss and cutoff levels of PD ≥5 mm (odds ratio: 1.8; 95% confidence interval: 1.2 to 2.5; P <0.01). A total of 7% of individuals in the old‐old age group had ≥20 teeth and no periodontitis. Systemic diseases, dental use, or smoking were not explanatory, whereas age and sex were explanatory for periodontitis.Conclusions: The prevalence of periodontitis increased with age. Sex seems to be the dominant explanatory factor for periodontitis in older individuals. Despite frequent dental visits, overall oral health in the oldest age cohort was poor.
Religiosity and Tax Avoidance
Authors: Boone Jeff P. , Khurana Inder K. , Raman K. K. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT:
In this paper, we examine religiosity as one determinant of tax avoidance by corporate and individual taxpayers. Prior research suggests a relation between religiosity and risk aversion. Because aggressive tax avoidance strategies involve significant uncertainty and possible penalties and damage to reputation, we predict that higher levels of religiosity are associated with less aggressive (i.e., less risky) tax positions. Consistent with this prediction, we find that firms headquartered in more religious U.S. counties are less likely to avoid taxes. We also find that religiosity is consistently associated with lower tax avoidance by individual taxpayers, as measured by underreported income. These results hold after controlling for several firm-level, as well as county-level, demographic characteristics identified in prior research as affecting tax avoidance by corporate and/or individual taxpayers. We conclude that religiosity is a significant determinant of tax avoidance by corporate and individual taxpayers.
Effects of Preheating and Precooling on the Hardness and Shrinkage of a Composite Resin Cured with QTH and LED
Authors: Osternack FH , Caldas DBM , Almeida JB , Souza EM , Mazur RF 
Published: October 2012

SUMMARY
The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the hardness and shrinkage of a pre-cooled or preheated hybrid composite resin cured by a quartz-tungsten-halogen light (QTH) and light-emitting diode (LED) curing units. The temperature on the tip of the devices was also investigated. Specimens of Charisma resin composite were produced with a metal mold kept under 37°C. The syringes were submitted to 4°C, 23°C, and 60°C (n=20) before light-curing, which was carried out with the Optilux 501 VCL and Elipar FreeLight 2 units for 20 seconds. The specimens were kept under 37°C in a high humidity condition and darkness for 48 hours. The Knoop hardness test was carried out with a 50 gram-force (gf) load for 10 seconds, and the measurement of the shrinkage gap was carried out using an optical microscope. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the Games-Howell test (α=0.05). The mean hardness of the groups were similar, irrespective of the temperatures (p&gt;0.05). For 4°C and 60°C, the top surface light-cured by LED presented significantly reduced shrinkage when compared with the bottom and to both surfaces cured by QTH (p&lt;0.05). It was concluded that the hardness was not affected by pre-cooling or preheating. However, polymerization shrinkage was slightly affected by different pre-polymerization temperatures. The QTH-curing generated greater shrinkage than LED-curing only when the composite was preheated. Different temperatures did not affect the composite hardness and shrinkage when cured by a LED curing unit.
Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Humeral Head
Authors: Lunden Jason B. , Legrand Alexander B. 
Published: October 2012

The patient was a 16-year-old adolescent male who was referred to an orthopaedic surgeon by his pediatrician for a chief complaint of persistent right shoulder pain and crepitus that limited his ability to participate in sporting activities. The patient's progressively worsening right shoulder pain and crepitus, despite no history of injury, was a concern. Therefore, conventional radiographs were completed, which demonstrated an area of radiolucency involving the humeral head. Due to concern for intra-articular pathology, a magnetic resonance arthrogram was ordered, which demonstrated findings consistent with an osteochondritis dissecans lesion of the humeral head. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(10):886. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.0417
Distal Fibula Fracture Diagnosed With Ultrasound Imaging
Authors: Kardouni Joseph R. 
Published: October 2012

The patient was a 31-year-old man serving in a military special forces unit at a remote location. He presented to a physical therapist with a chief complaint of worsening right lateral ankle pain that limited his ability to bear weight. Because the patient met the Ottawa ankle rules and there was concern for a fracture, radiographs were indicated. However, the nearest facility with radiographic capabilities was only available through air medical evacuation. Therefore, the physical therapist assessed the patient's ankle with an onsite portable ultrasound imaging unit, which demonstrated cortical irregularity along the distal fibula. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(10):887. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.0418
Foot and Hip Contributions to High Frontal Plane Knee Projection Angle in Athletes: A Classification and Regression Tree Approach
Authors: Bittencourt Natalia F.N. , Ocarino Juliana M. , Mendonça Luciana D. , Hewett Timothy E. , Fonseca Sergio T. 
Published: October 2012

Study Design Cross-sectional. Objective To investigate predictors of increased frontal plane knee projection angle (FPKPA) in athletes. Background The underlying mechanisms that lead to increased FPKPA are likely multifactorial and depend on how the musculoskeletal system adapts to the possible interactions between its distal and proximal segments. Bivariate and linear analyses traditionally employed to analyze the occurrence of increased FPKPA are not sufficiently robust to capture complex relationships among predictors. The investigation of nonlinear interactions among biomechanical factors is necessary to further our understanding of the interdependence of lower-limb segments and resultant dynamic knee alignment. Methods The FPKPA was assessed in 101 athletes during a single-leg squat and in 72 athletes at the moment of landing from a jump. The investigated predictors were sex, hip abductor isometric torque, passive range of motion (ROM) of hip internal rotation (IR), and shank-forefoot alignment. Classification and regression trees were used to investigate nonlinear interactions among predictors and their influence on the occurrence of increased FPKPA. Results During single-leg squatting, the occurrence of high FPKPA was predicted by the interaction between hip abductor isometric torque and passive hip IR ROM. At the moment of landing, the shank-forefoot alignment, abductor isometric torque, and passive hip IR ROM were predictors of high FPKPA. In addition, the classification and regression trees established cutoff points that could be used in clinical practice to identify athletes who are at potential risk for excessive FPKPA. Conclusion The models captured nonlinear interactions between hip abductor isometric torque, passive hip IR ROM, and shank-forefoot alignment. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(12):996–1004, Epub 18 September 2012. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.4041
Hip Posterolateral Musculature Strengthening in Sedentary Women With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial With 1-Year Follow-up
Authors: Fukuda Thiago Yukio , Melo William Pagotti , Zaffalon Bruno Marcos , Rossetto Flavio Marcondes , Magalhães Eduardo , Bryk Flavio Fernandes , Martin Robroy L. 
Published: October 2012

Study Design Randomized controlled trial. Objectives To determine if adding hip-strengthening exercises to a conventional knee exercise program produces better long-term outcomes than conventional knee exercises alone in women with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Background Recent studies have shown that a hip-strengthening program reduces pain and improves function in individuals with PFPS. However, there are no clinical trials evaluating long-term outcomes of this type of program compared to conventional knee-strengthening and -stretching exercises. Methods Fifty-four sedentary women between 20 and 40 years of age, with a diagnosis of unilateral PFPS, were randomly assigned knee exercise (KE) or knee and hip exercise (KHE). The women in the KE group (n = 26; mean age, 23 years) performed a 4-week conventional knee-stretching and -strengthening program. The women in the KHE group (n = 28; mean age, 22 years) performed the same exercises as those in the KE group, as well as strengthening exercises for the hip abductors, lateral rotators, and extensors. An 11-point numeric pain rating scale, the Lower Extremity Functional Scale, the Anterior Knee Pain Scale, and a single-hop test were used as outcome measures at baseline (pretreatment) and 3, 6, and 12 months posttreatment. Results At baseline, demographic, pain, and functional assessment data were similar between groups. Those in the KHE group had a higher level of function and less pain at 3, 6, and 12 months compared to baseline (P<.05). In contrast, the KE group had reduced pain only at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups (P<.05), without any changes in Lower Extremity Functional Scale, Anterior Knee Pain Scale, or hop testing (P>.05) through the course of the study. Compared to the KE group, the KHE group had less pain and better function at 3, 6, and 12 months posttreatment (P<.05). For the Lower Extremity Functional Scale, the between-group difference in change scores from baseline at 3, 6, and 12 months posttreatment favored the KHE group by 22.0, 22.0, and 20.8 points, respectively. Conclusion Knee-stretching and -strengthening exercises supplemented by hip posterolateral musculature- strengthening exercises were more effective than knee exercises alone in improving long-term function and reducing pain in sedentary women with PFPS. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 1a. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(10):823–830, Epub 2 August 2012. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.4184
The Effects of Movement Pattern Modification on Lower Extremity Kinematics and Pain in Women With Patellofemoral Pain
Authors: Salsich Gretchen B. , Graci Valentina , Maxam Dwayne E. 
Published: October 2012

Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Objectives To compare hip and knee kinematics and pain during a single-limb squat between 3 movement conditions (usual, exaggerated dynamic knee valgus, corrected dynamic knee valgus) in women with patellofemoral pain. Background Altered kinematics (increased hip adduction, hip medial rotation, knee abduction, and knee lateral rotation, collectively termed dynamic knee valgus) have been proposed to contribute to patellofemoral pain; however, cross-sectional study designs prevent interpreting a causal link between kinematics and pain. Methods The study sample included 20 women with patellofemoral pain, who demonstrated observable dynamic knee valgus. Participants performed single-limb squats under usual, exaggerated, and corrected movement conditions. Pain during each condition was assessed using a 0-to-100-mm visual analog scale. Hip and knee frontal and transverse plane angles at peak knee flexion and pain levels were compared using repeated-measures 1-way analyses of variance. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to determine within-condition associations between kinematic variables and pain. Results In the exaggerated compared to the usual condition, increases were detected in hip medial rotation (mean ± SD difference, 5.8° ± 3.2°; P<.001), knee lateral rotation (5.5° ± 4.9°, P<.001), and pain (8.5 ± 10.8 mm, P = .007). In the corrected compared to the usual condition, decreases were detected in hip adduction (mean ± SD difference, 3.5° ± 3.7°; P = .001) and knee lateral rotation (1.6° ± 2.8°, P = .06); however, average pain was not decreased (1.2 ± 14.8 mm, P = 1.0). Pain was correlated with knee lateral rotation in the usual (r = –0.47, P = .04) and exaggerated (r = –0.49, P = .03) conditions. In the corrected condition, pain was correlated with hip medial rotation (r = 0.44, P = .05) and knee adduction (r = 0.52, P = .02). Conclusion Avoiding dynamic knee valgus may be an important component of rehabilitation programs in women with patellofemoral pain, as this movement pattern is associated with increased pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(12):1017–1024, Epub 5 September 2012. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.4231
Relationship between Baseline White Blood Cell count and C-reactive protein with Angiographic severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Ahmed M , Chowdhury NA , Chakrovortty SK , Gafur S , Aziz M , Uddin MN , Khan MR , Rahman M , Iqbal A , Nasir M , Chowdhury SA , Rahman Z 
Published: October 2012

Background: Inflammation has been shown to play a role in atherosclerosis and acute coronary syndrome. This study was carried out to evaluate the relationship between baseline white blood cell (WBC) count and C-reactive protein (CRP) with angiographic severity of coronary artery disease in patients with acute coronary syndrome and to identify those subsets of patients with acute coronary syndrome who may need to undergo invasive or conservative strategies.Method: A total of 100 patients with acute coronary syndrome including unstable angina, non-ST elevated myocardial infarction & ST elevated myocardial infarction were evaluated in National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease (NICVD), Dhaka with a view to correlate angiographic findings, C-reactive protein and WBC count. Results: This study observed that either raised WBC count or raised CRP independently and combination of both WBC count and CRP elevation were significantly associated with more severe coronary artery disease. Either raised WBC count or raised CRP or combination of raised WBC count and CRP were significant predictor of multivessel disease and high stenosis score. Conclusion: Elevation of WBC count and CRP in patients with acute coronary syndrome are associated with severe coronary disease. WBC count and CRP can be used as a new and even simpler tool for risk stratification in acute coronary syndrome. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v5i1.12209 Cardiovasc. j. 2012; 5(1): 23-29
Tran-Radial Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) is Safe and Alternative to Conventional Trans-Femoral Approach: Our Experiences at Apollo Hospitals Dhaka
Authors: Reza AQM , Islam AHMW , Munwar S , Talukder S , Ahmed T , Bhuiyan AH , Siddique AB , Masud R , Shohel SR , Alam MS , Miah A 
Published: October 2012

Background: Aim of the study was to assess the safety of the trans-radial Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) than conventional Trans-femoral approach by using either Bare-metal stents (BMS) and or Drug Eluting Stent (DES) like Sirolimus-eluting or Paclitaxel-eluting stent. Also to see its safety in regards of procedural time, quick mobilization, less complication and less radiation exposure.Methods: Total 117 patients were randomized from a total of 538 patients who had PCI at our center in the quantifying period. Total 130 stent deployed in 117 patients. Among the patients, Male: 100 and Female:17. Mean age were for Male: 55yrs, for Female: 57yrs. Associated Coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors were Dyslipidemia, High Blood pressure, Diabetes Mellitus, Positive FH for CAD and Smoking (all male). Results: Our study shows 21.7% had trans-radial PCI. Among the study group; 72 (61.5%) were Dyslipidemic, 75 (64.1%) were hypertensive: 47(40.2%) patients were Diabetic, FH 29 (24.8%) and 33(33%) were all male smoker. Female patients were more obese (BMI M 27: F 29) and developed CAD in advance age. Common stented territory were LAD 51 (43.6%) followed by RCA 41 (35%) and LCX 27(23%). Average length and diameter of stented vessel were almost same in all territory. Territory wise multiple or overlapping stenting was done in LAD 3 (6 stents), RCA 1(2stents), LCX 4 (10 stents). Stent used: BMS 37 (28.5%), Sirolimus 41(31.5%), Paclitaxel 27 (21%), Everolimus 22 (16.9%), Biolimus 2 (1.5%) and Zotarolimus 1(0.75%). Less Procedural time, reduced radiation exposure, no procedural complication and overall better patient comfort were observed.Conclusion: Our study has revealed that trans-radial PCI is safe with reduced radiation exposure, quick mobilization of patient and no procedural complication in all the case, indicates it can be done routinely as an alternative to conventional Trans-femoral approach. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v5i1.12274 Cardiovasc. j. 2012; 5(1): 57-61