bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discovery of a cold stellar stream in the ATLAS DR1 data
Authors: Koposov S. E. , Irwin M. , Belokurov V. , Gonzalez-Solares E. , Yoldas A. Kupcu , Lewis J. , Metcalfe N. , Shanks T. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
We report the discovery of a narrow stellar stream crossing the constellations of Sculptor and Fornax in the Southern celestial hemisphere. The portion of the stream detected in the Data Release 1 photometry of the ATLAS survey is at least 12° long, while its width is ≈0 $_{.}^{\circ}$25. The colour–magnitude diagram of this halo sub-structure is consistent with a metal-poor [Fe/H] ≲ −1.4 stellar population located at a heliocentric distance of 20 ± 2 kpc. There are three globular clusters that could tentatively be associated with the stream: NGC 7006, NGC 7078 (M15) and Pyxis, but NGC 7006 and 7078 seem to have proper motions incompatible with the stream orbit.
A Glimpse of the Early Years of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Epidemic: A Fellow's Experience in 2014
Authors: Colasanti Jonathan , Armstrong Wendy S. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a manageable chronic disease in the United States, yet the first author's experience on a general infectious diseases (ID) consult service illustrates that certain areas of the United States still experience high rates of acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related complications.
High Rates of Virological Suppression in a Cohort of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Adults Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopian Health Centers Irrespective of Concomitant Tuberculosis
Authors: Reepalu Anton , Balcha Taye Tolera , Skogmar Sten , Jemal Zelalem Habtamu , Sturegård Erik , Medstrand Patrik , Björkman Per 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackground.  Antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation during treatment for tuberculosis (TB) improves survival in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/TB-coinfected patients. We compared virological suppression (VS) rates, mortality, and retention in care in HIV-positive adults receiving care in 5 Ethiopian health centers with regard to TB coinfection.Methods.  Human immunodeficiency virus-positive ART-naive adults eligible for ART initiation were prospectively recruited. At inclusion, all patients underwent microbiological investigations for TB (sputum smear, liquid culture, and polymerase chain reaction). Virological suppression rates after 6 months of ART (VS; viral load &lt;40 and &lt;400 copies/mL) with regard to TB status was the primary outcome. The impact of HIV/TB coinfection on VS rates was determined by multivariate regression analysis. Mortality and retention in care were analyzed by proportional hazard models.Results.  Among 812 participants (TB, 158; non-TB, 654), 678 started ART during the follow-up period (TB, 135; non-TB, 543). No difference in retention in care between TB and non-TB patients was observed during follow-up; 25 (3.7%) patients died, and 17 (2.5%) were lost to follow-up (P = .30 and P = .83, respectively). Overall rates of VS at 6 months were 72.1% (&lt;40 copies/mL) and 88.7% (&lt;400 copies/mL), with similar results for subjects with and without TB coinfection (&lt;40 copies/mL: 65 of 92 [70.7%] vs 304 of 420 [72.4%], P = .74; &lt;400 copies/mL: 77 of 92 [83.7%] vs 377 of 420 [89.8%], P = .10, respectively).Conclusions.  High rates of VS can be achieved in adults receiving ART at health centers, with no significant difference with regard to TB coinfection. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of combined ART and anti-TB treatment in primary healthcare in low-income countries.Clinical Trials Registration.  NCT01433796.
Konjac Polysaccharides Affect the Quality, Cell Structure, and Moisture Balance of Baked Bread
Authors: Liu Dansong , Qu Ping , Yan Wenli , Ni Xuewen , Corke Harold , Jiang Fatang 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTThe effect of addition of konjac glucomannan (KGM) and its derivative konjac superabsorbent polymer (KSAP) on fresh bread quality and its influence on bread staling were investigated. Both KGM and KSAP decreased the hardening rate of the bread crumb and retarded amylopectin retrogradation. Loaf quality of the KGM bread and KSAP bread were therefore improved, because collapse of gas cells during bread processing was prevented. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the presence of KGM and KSAP increased compartmentalized water and slowed release of the compartmentalized water. Deconvolution of TGA showed an alteration of the distribution of free and bound water and its interaction with starch and gluten. Additionally, by monitoring water‐binding strength and changes during storage by aw measurements, it was found that water release from konjac polysaccharide‐enriched bread was extended over time compared with the release from control bread. The presence of KGM and KSAP significantly reduced the staling rate of bread.
A socio-cognitive approach to customer adherence in health care
Authors: Snell Lan , White Lesley , Dagger Tracey 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– Adherence is a critical factor for success, for both the health of the customer and the financial outcomes of the firm. Central to the success of adherence behavior is the co-productive role of the customer which is determined by service perceptions as well as individual attributes. Based on social cognition theory, the aim of this paper is to examine the factors that influence past adherence behavior, and whether past adherence behavior predicts future intentions.

Design/methodology/approach
– The model was tested using structured equation modeling on a sample of 771 weight-loss customers.

Findings
– The authors show how service quality influences role clarity, which leads to increases in self-efficacy. The study also demonstrates the role of emotional intelligence (EI) in increasing efficacious beliefs. Past adherence behavior was found to predict future intentions.

Research limitations/implications
– This study was undertaken with a single service industry, and based on data which was collected at a single point in time. Limitations associated with common method bias inherent in cross-sectional designs, as well as limitations related to the use of self-report measures are acknowledged.

Practical implications
– The findings suggest that interventions to promote health outcomes should target customer skills in service consumption. By providing quality interactions, providers can increase customer role clarity which produces efficacious beliefs. Interventions should also address EI training in customers given its role in influencing self-efficacy.

Originality/value
– The simultaneous examination of traditional service factors and socio-cognitive factors contributes to theory by considering the individual health and organizational outcomes of these factors. The finding of a direct path between past adherence behavior and future intentions provides a unique insight into the prediction and control of behavior in a number of domains.
Relationship between the dominant social paradigm, materialism and environmental behaviours in four Asian economies
Authors: Polonsky Michael , Kilbourne William , Vocino Andrea 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– This papers aim is to test the relationships between the Dominant Social Paradigm (DSP), materialism, environmental concern, and environmental behaviours, in four Asian economies. It examines the relationships between these constructs and identifies that the model of the relationship is applicable in regions with different cultural foundations.Design/methodology/approach– A sample of 1,174 consumers from four Asian economies with a strong Chinese background – mainland China (364), Hong Kong (260), Taiwan (289), and Singapore (261) – were recruited through an international online panel provider. Structural equation modelling was used to test the hypothesised relationships in the proposed model.Findings– The relationships within the model were all confirmed, with the exception of the link between the DSP and environmental concern, which was positive, which suggests that within these Asian economics there may be a realisation that consumption and the environment are intertwined. DSP was found to influence the dimensions of materialism and materialism negatively impacted on environmental concern. Environmental concern in turn increased direct and indirect environmental behaviours.Originality/value– This research is the first to look at the application of the Dominant Social Paradigm in Asian economies and shows that it applies in that context, although the relationships do differ to those identified in past research in Western economies. The model linking the DSP, materialism, environmental concern and environmental behaviours showed that most relationships are generalisable. However, the positive relationship between the DSP and environmental concern suggests that consumers in Asian economies appear to make a connection between consumption and its environmental impacts.
Reliability optimization in stochastic domain via genetic algorithm
Authors: Sahoo Laxminarayan , Kumar Bhunia Asoke , Roy Dilip 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to formulate the reliability optimization problem in stochastic and interval domain and also to solve the same under different stochastic set up.Design/methodology/approach– Stochastic programming technique has been used to convert the chance constraints into deterministic form and the corresponding problem is transformed to mixed-integer constrained optimization problem with interval objective. Then the reduced problem has been converted to unconstrained optimization problem with interval objective by Big-M penalty technique. The resulting problem has been solved by advanced real coded genetic algorithm with interval fitness, tournament selection, intermediate crossover and one-neighbourhood mutation.Findings– A new optimization technique has been developed in stochastic domain and the concept of interval valued parameters has been integrated with the stochastic setup so as to increase the applicability of the resultant solution to the interval valued nonlinear optimization problems.Practical implications– The concept of probability distribution with interval valued parameters has been introduced. This concept will motivate the researchers to carry out the research in this new direction.Originality/value– The application of genetic algorithm is extended to solve the reliability optimization problem in stochastic and interval domain.
Application of Mahalanobis-Taguchi system and design of experiments to reduce the field failures of splined shafts
Authors: John Boby 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to develop a methodology to reduce the field failures of splined shafts. The paper also demonstrates the application of Mahalanobis-Taguchi system (MTS) for identifying the optimum hardness profile to avoid failures.Design/methodology/approach– Through the usage profile analysis and comparison between the failed and good shafts, the major reason for shaft failure was identified as hardness variation. Then MTS approach was used to identify the optimum hardness profile for the shafts. An experiment was designed with power, feed and the gap between inductor and quench ring representing the heat transfer rate, heat removal rate and the time between heat transfer and removal of induction hardening process as factors. Based on experimental results, the optimum combination factors that would reduce the variation around the optimum hardness profile were identified.Findings– The study showed that the shaft failures can be reduced by optimizing the hardness profile of the shafts rather than warning customers on overloading, changing the raw material or investing on machining operation to achieve better shaft finish. The study suggested heat transfer rate, heat removal rate and the time between heat transfer and removal had significant impact on the shaft's hardness profile. The study resulted in reducing the field failures from 0.32 to 0.029 percent.Practical implications– This study provides valuable information on how to identify optimum hardness profile using MTS methodology to reduce shaft failures and how to minimize the variation around the optimum hardness profile using design of experiments.Originality/value– To the best of author's knowledge, no study has been conducted to identify optimum hardness profile using MTS methodology. The study also provides an approach to minimize the variation around a non-linear hardness profile using design of experiments.
Comparison of the effects of the food supplementation programmes of ICDS centers and primary schools at Bali Gram Panchayat, Arambagh, West Bengal, India
Authors: Chandra Mandal Gopal , Bose Kaushik , Koziel Slawomir 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– Developing countries like India, accounts for about 40 percent of undernourished children in the World and it is largely due to the result of dietary inadequacy in relation to their needs. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the changes in the nutritional status of the children, from their preschool days to the present primary school days.

Design/methodology/approach
– The present investigation was conducted at 20 Integrated Child Development Service (ICDS) centers (Center-A) and 15 primary schools (Center-B) in Bali Gram Panchayat, Arambag, Hooghly District of West Bengal, India, at an interval of three to four years. A total of 1,012 children (boys=498; girls=514) aged two to six years old enrolled in these ICDS centers and a total of 603 children (boys=300, girls=303), aged five to ten years were studied from the 15 primary schools who were the beneficiaries of ICDS centers. Underweight (weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ)) and wasting (weight-for height Z-score (WHZ)) were used to assess the nutritional status.

Findings
– The nutritional situation (both in case of underweight and wasting) was better in Center B as compared with Center A. In general, the nutritional condition of boys was better than girls. Center had a very significant effect on both WAZ as well as WHZ, irrespective of age and sex. Sex has a significant impact only on WAZ. Interestingly, there was no significant sex-center interaction for both WAZ as well as WHZ. The children of the area were getting Mid Day Meal supplied through the school authorities which was comparatively better than the ICDS centers’ food supplementation. Better monitoring of nutritional supplementation at primary schools may be an important factor.

Practical implications
– In ICDS centers, only the Anganwari worker is responsible in running and implementing the programs offered by the Government. However, at primary schools, the active involvement of all the teachers to run the program may have effectively led to have better results. Furthermore, the Government's focus should not be only on the increase the area covered by the ICDS program, but focus should be to increase the quality of food supplied, proper monitoring of the implementation and increase the allocation of funds. Appropriate measures may be taken by the authorities regarding this.

Originality/value
– The results of the study will help in policy making in reducing the prevalence of undernutrition.
Influence of wear on the performance of hole-entry hybrid misaligned journal bearing in turbulent regime
Authors: Ram Nathi , C. Sharma Satish 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The present work aimed to study analytically the influence of wear on the performance of a capillary-compensated hole-entry hybrid misaligned journal bearing system operating in a turbulent regime. The numerically simulated results are presented for the chosen values of restrictor design parameter, Reynolds numbers, wear depth and misalignment parameters.

Design/methodology/approach
– The wear caused on the bearing surface due to start/stop operations is modeled using the Dufrane’s abrasive wear model. The modified Reynolds equation based on Constantinescu’s lubrication theory is solved using finite element method together with capillary restrictor flow equation.

Findings
– It is found that the value of minimum fluid-film thickness increases significantly for a constant value of restrictor design parameter when unworn aligned bearing operates in turbulent regime vis-à-vis laminar regime. Further, it has also been observed that when a worn bearing operates in laminar/turbulent regimes, the reduction in the value of minimum fluid-film thickness is more due to journal misalignment as compared to the aligned bearing operates in laminar regime.

Originality/value
– The present work is original concerning the performance of worn hole-entry hybrid misaligned journal bearing system operating in turbulent regime. The results are expected to be quite useful for the bearing designer.
Employee social cognition and performance evaluation process reactions
Authors: Klemm Verbos Amy , S. Miller Janice , Goswami Ashita 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The paper uses social cognitive theory to explore reactions to performance evaluation processes as situated cognitions by examining the relationship between key elements of employees’ schemas about an organizational environment, preparation for evaluation, and these reactions. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach– Survey of 260 employees of eight organizations in a Midwestern US city.Findings– Job resource adequacy, communication adequacy, coworker relationships, and preparation time are significantly and positively associated with employee reactions to performance evaluation processes. Preparation time moderates the association between organizational context and employee reactions.Research limitations/implications– A social cognitive perspective on performance evaluation broadens the scope of extant research. This study is limited by cross-sectional design but opens the door to future experimental and longitudinal research.Practical implications– Performance evaluation processes are situated in an organizational context. Organizational interventions to improve perceptions of this key process could focus on better communication and encouraging preparation, especially if job resources are less adequate.Originality/value– This research contributes to the performance evaluation literature by applying social cognitive theory to performance evaluation reactions as situated cognitions, calling attention to the broader organizational context in which these processes occur.
The sanitation access to developing Asia: India's performance over 2001 and 2011
Authors: Hossain Moazzem , Howard Paul 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to shed light on India's performance in sanitation over the last decade as it strives to meet the Millennium Development Goal target.

Design/methodology/approach
– In doing so, both qualitative and quantitative analyses are employed. The latter method includes a regression analysis. Income and income inequality variables have been included in the analysis.

Findings
– Whilst India has made progress towards achieving access to sanitation for its people, the nation continues to perform relatively poorly to its neighbours and on a comparative global basis. At the national level, substantial rural-urban and income disparities are linked to a reduced level of sanitation access. Both forms of analysis support the view that income inequality in India is directly related to a lack of sanitation facilities.

Research limitations/implications
– The study is based on secondary data gathered from WHO and UNICEF sources. These are national data gathered by these agencies in two periods. These are aggregated data.

Practical implications
– The study has major practical implications in policy formation in the area of sanitation access to both rural and urban India. The state level data analysed by the study will also be useful to make policies at disaggregated level. India, indeed, needs to improve the conditions on an urgent basis. Even in South Asia standard, this nation is behind from almost all other nations of the region.

Social implications
– The social implications are to make people particularly poor aware about the sanitation issue lack of which contributes to health hazards and gestro condition for children and old. The sanitation related diseases contribute to huge loss of working hours in both rural and urban communities.

Originality/value
– The study contributes original ideas and demonstrates with a simple regression analysis how sanitation depends on income and income inequality of the poor.
Co-housing and intergenerational exchange: exchange of housing equity for personal care assistance in intentional communities
Authors: Coele Michele 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to suggest that it should be possible to devise mechanisms which will enable communities to address the changing assistance needs of disabled and older residents whilst giving younger resident assistants an equity stake in the housing market. The existence of such mechanisms on a national scale would facilitate mobility between otherwise independent communities and maximise the choices available to residents requiring different forms of assistance at different stages in their lives.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper draws upon the author's personal experience of exchanging accommodation with a team of assistants. The author considers how this model could be made more sustainable and replicable. Action research is needed to explore similar models within the context of intentional communities.

Findings
– Two pressing social challenges could have a unified solution. Cohousing provides potential for people to remain within an intergenerational community as they grow older and develop assistance needs, while providing accommodation equity. Today's “baby boomer” generation may contribute to less advantaged future generations by leaving behind them dedicated housing for assistants in order to make sure that such provision is present within communities in perpetuity.

Originality/value
– As a disabled person, the author had found it interesting to actively explore with younger people the impact upon both generations of issues around housing equity. The author has already, and would like to test further, the potential of nonmonetary exchange within intentional communities.