bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Pursuit of Temporal Illusion: the Reproduction and Imitation of Antiquities under the Yongzheng Emperor (r. 1723–35)
Authors: Ma Kexin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The practice of reproducing and imitating antiquities during the Qing period (1644–1911) has attracted the attention of many scholars, especially those specialised in Qing imperial art production, who have delved into such practice initiated particularly under the Kangxi (r. 1662–1722) and Qianlong (r. 1736–95) emperors. The Yongzheng reign (1723–35), however, appears relatively overlooked in the ongoing discussion. This article aims to fill this research gap by examining the reproduction and imitation of archaic ceramics under the Yongzheng emperor. Both two-dimensional pictures and three-dimensional objects produced after archaic ceramics will be examined together with relevant imperial archival records in order to penetrate how antiquities would take on new forms, functions, and meanings and speak to an imagined, multi-layered past constructed at the court. Building upon this, the article will re-examine the definition of ‘antiquities’ in the Yongzheng context and unveil the pattern of thinking behind the illusionistic archaising practice in relation to Emperor Yongzheng’s dual identity as the Manchu ruler and a cultivated literatus engaged with Han Chinese traditions.
“They will know and fear the law” – Emperor Yongzheng’s Preface in the Great Qing Code of 1740
Authors: Weimar Gregor Marius 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The biography of the Yongzheng Emperor by Pei Huang (1974) bears the title “Autocracy at Work” and Mote (2010: 887) calls this Qing dynasty emperor a “secretive, awesome autocrat”. The translation and analysis of the Manchu text of Yongzheng’s sioi/preface to the Great Qing Code reveals the correctness of these statements about this emperor’s type of government. Embedded in statements of truthfulness to the original Chinese legal ideas and an extensive quote ascribed to the Zhou Li, dedications of benevolence of the emperors in their rulings and judgments of cases, filial piety towards the emperors before him and especially his father, Emperor Kangxi, lie obvious and also between the lines statements that the emperor had the last say in every matter of state. He was dedicated to the ruling of the empire, which made him initiate reform and revision of the imperial administration, obviously also including the legal system. This attitude led Yongzheng to prioritize the formal revision of the structure of the Qing legal system and the publication that would later be known as the Daiqing guruni fafuni bithe kooli, the 大清律例 (Da Qing Lüli) – the Great Qing Code (GQC), a continuation of Kangxi’s effort in this regard and completed under Qianlong in 1740.
He mentions twice the expectation, that with an effective and just judiciary, and the people being educated in what the laws and regulations are, a betterment of social stability would ensue. In terms of autocracy, the emperor is here the entity which ultimately rules alone, but also bears the responsibility to maintain stability within society by judging, assessing, revising and promulgating what is legal. The upkeep of the cosmic order and hence the dynasty depended on it.
Transoceanic Memory (Studies): Oceans as Mode, Method and Material
Authors: Teichler Hanna 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
There is a renewed interest in scholarship exploring the connection between memory and the environment, remembering and ecocriticism, and between memory cultures and the Anthropocene. Oceanic spaces feature as frameworks to conceptualise this environmental turn across the disciplines, but have not been used to theorise an approach to memory. Taking cue from literary examples from the Anglophone sphere, and building on the work of Paul Gilroy, Isabel Hofmeyr, Michael North and Ananya Kabir, this essay conceptualises transoceanic memory (studies) as a transdisciplinary approach to memory; as mode, method and material. It is mode in its capacity to frame oceans as providing ideational, aesthetic, material and imaginary space to the many processes of remembering, and to reveal relational and exclusionary dynamics inherent to the formation of collective memory. It is method in the manner in which a transoceanic lens offers a comparative framework for transdisciplinary memory studies, allowing for different methods and models of memory to coalesce and communicate. Transoceanic memory is material in the sense in which it relates to oceans as ecosystems, as environmental formations in their own right, and with their own mnemonic agency.
Airborne Measurements of Mesoscale Divergence at High Latitudes during HALO–(AC)3
Authors: Paulus Fiona M. , Karalis Michail , George Geet , Svensson Gunilla , Wendisch Manfred , Neggers Roel A. J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Boundary layer cloud transformations at high latitudes play a key role for the Arctic climate and are partially controlled by large-scale dynamics such as subsidence. While measuring large-scale and mesoscale divergence on spatial scales on the order of 100 km has proven notoriously difficult, recent airborne campaigns in the subtropics have successfully applied measurement techniques using multiple dropsonde releases in circular flight patterns. In this paper, it is shown that this method can also be effectively applied at high latitudes, in spite of the considerable differences in atmospheric dynamics compared to the subtropics. To show the applicability, data collected during the airborne High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft–Transregional Collaborative Research Center TRR 172-Arctic Amplification: Climate Relevant Atmospheric and Surface Processes and Feedback Mechanisms [HALO–(AC)3] field campaign near Svalbard in spring 2022 were analyzed, where several flight patterns involving multiple dropsonde launches were realized by two aircraft. This study presents a first overview of the results. We find that the method indeed yields reliable estimates of mesoscale gradients in the Arctic, producing robust vertical profiles of horizontal divergence and, consequently, subsidence. Sensitivity to aspects of the method is investigated, including dependence on sampling area and the divergence calculation.

Significance Statement
The aim of this work is to report encouraging results with a recently proposed aircraft-based method for measuring mesoscale vertical motions at high latitudes. Dropsonde data from the recent High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft–Transregional Collaborative Research Center TRR 172-Arctic Amplification: Climate Relevant Atmospheric and Surface Processes and Feedback Mechanisms [HALO–(AC)3] campaign are used for this purpose. The method has so far mainly been applied at subtropical to midlatitudes, but not in the Arctic, where the weather and climate conditions are very different. Gaining insight is significant because vertical winds play a key role in the Arctic climate system, including airmass transformations and the behavior of clouds and precipitation. The results motivate the use of the measured vertical winds in follow-up studies with process models.
A Dynamical Adjustment Approach to Estimating Forced and Internal Variability in the North Atlantic
Authors: Nedza Douglas , DelSole Timothy 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Quantifying the relative contributions of external forcing and internal variability to North Atlantic sea surface temperature (NASST) has important implications for attributing and predicting climate changes around the North Atlantic basin. Many previous methods have approached this problem by estimating the externally forced signal directly, making assumptions about forced variability for which there is no consensus. In this work, the separation of variability is approached in a fundamentally different way that does not specify the forced response’s temporal evolution. We propose a dynamical adjustment method in which the internal, spatially uniform component of NASST is predicted based on patterns of NASST that are orthogonal to the spatially uniform pattern. When applied to preindustrial simulations, the dynamical adjustment demonstrates skill in reconstructing the NASST basin-mean variability. Applying the dynamical adjustment to historical simulations demonstrates skill in a majority of climate models although the skill is reduced relative to preindustrial simulations because external variability partly contaminates the predictors. The dynamical adjustment is compared to several other methods which directly estimate the externally forced signal. We find that dynamical adjustment performs similarly to these comparative methods despite the fundamentally different prediction method. However, methods based on different principles yield considerably different estimates of external and internal variability.
Stigma toward people with mental disorders in mental healthcare in Chile
Authors: Grandón Pamela , Bustos Claudio , Fernández Dany , Cova Félix , Nazar Gabriela , Díaz-Pérez Gabriela , Monreal Verónica , Méndez Jaime 
Published: August 2024

Objective: This research aimed to determine the stigma toward people with mental illness among mental health personnel and identify individual, professional, and contextual predictors. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational design was used. The sample consisted of 218 mental health personnel working in Outpatient Psychiatric Units belonging to hospitals and Community Mental Health Centers in Chile. Stigma was evaluated using a scale of humanized treatment, a scale of social distance, and a scale of attitudes in health personnel. In addition, sociodemographic and professional information was collected from mental health personnel and contextual information, particularly the type of outpatient mental health center and the technical-administrative unit that groups all the health centers in a territory. Results: It was found that mental health personnel, in general terms, present low levels of stigma expressed in behaviors of comfort and support toward users, a desire for closeness and social interaction, and reduced stigmatizing beliefs and attitudes of infantilization toward individuals with MHPs. However, intimacy and trust were lower than expected. Only educational levels and health centers were related to stigma. Conclusions: The low levels of stigma may be due to the evolution of this phenomenon and the country’s mental health policies.
Advancements in joining Al-Zn-TiC-Mg composites using friction stir welding process: Influence of traverse speed
Authors: Abdollahzadeh Amin , Bagheri Vanani Behrouz , Masoudi Morghmaleki Abbas , Ostovari Moghaddam Ahmad , Eivani Ali Reza 
Published: August 2024

In this article, dissimilar magnesium and aluminum alloys were welded with a Zn interlayer and TiC nanoparticles by friction stir welding. Optimal joining conditions were achieved by a combination of three traverse speeds (30, 45, and 60 mm/min) and constant rotational speeds (1050 rpm). The best microstructure evolution and mechanical properties were achieved for specimens joined at rotational and traverse speeds of 1050 rpm and 45 mm/min, respectively. The grain size decreases as the traverse speed increases from 30 to 45 mm/min due to a reduction in heat input, an improvement in reinforcing distribution, and high intermixing of materials, then increases from 45 to 60 mm/min due to inadequate heat input for recrystallization process. It was shown that the TiC particles play a prominent role in the microstructure modification and enhance mechanical properties of weld samples while the Zn foil interlayer plays a vital in avoiding the formation of Al-Mg IMC phases. The obtained result under optimal welding parameters indicates that MgZn2, Mg-Al-Zn compounds, Mg and Al solid solution, were the main detected common phases in the stir zone instead of the brittle and hard Al-Mg IMCs formation. The average hardness values of 232 Hv were achieved, while the strength of the weld specimen experiences the 189 MPa value. In addition, a combination of brittle and ductile modes was observed based on the fracture surface of the weld sample after the tensile test.
Drug-related problems in elective surgical inpatients: A retrospective study
Authors: Simon Clara , Rose Olaf , Kanduth Karin , Pachmayr Johanna , Clemens Stephanie 
Published: August 2024

Objectives: Patients with drug-related problems are at high risk for perioperative complications. The study aimed to determine the prevalence, number, characteristics, clinical significance and the involved drugs of drug-related problems in inpatients, who were admitted to elective surgery, as well as their burden of comorbidity. Methods: The study design was a retrospective, observational study across nine different surgical sites. Patients at admission for elective surgery with  ≥ 1 drug-related problem, a hospital stay of  ≥ 24 h and at age  ≥ 18 years were included. The outcomes of interest were the prevalence and nature of drug-related problems, assessed by pharmacists at hospital admission. The Pharmaceutical Network Europe classification V9.1, the Hatoum scale of clinical significance, the Anatomical-Therapeutic-Chemical classification scheme of the World Health Organization were engaged to categorize drug-related problems and their clinical significance. The Charlson Comorbidity Index was applied to assess the comorbidity of participants. Results: The final data set included 11,176 elective surgical inpatients. Of these, a sample of 284 (2.54%) patients was analysed. It was found that 9.89% of the patients showed at least one drug-related problem (average 1.43, SD 0.7). Major causes were drug-drug interactions (30.3%) and supra-therapeutic doses (18.0%). Most drug-related problems were referred to a prescriber for intervention (61.3%). Eighty-two percent of drug-related problems were rated as clinically significant. Cardiovascular drugs were of major concern. Participants’ most common comorbidities were tumour diagnosis (34%), diabetes mellitus with end organ damage (26%) and peripheral vascular diseases (19%). Conclusions: Although the prevalence of drug-related problems in this diverse study population was low, drug-related problems were of great importance in terms of their cause and clinical significance. Patients with drug-related problems showed a moderate burden of physiological illness. Study results suggest a need to identify exposed patients with drug-related problems.
Association of High Body Mass Index in Early Life With the Development of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wu Nian , Chen Yangyang , Li Guosheng 
Published: August 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract. In recent years, the age at which CRC is diagnosed has been trending younger on a global scale. Obesity, as a worldwide epidemic, is on the rise in most countries due to changes in dietary habits and lifestyles. Concurrently, with increased screening efforts and growing public awareness of health, the incidence of CRC in older adults is gradually declining, while the incidence in younger and middle-aged individuals is steadily increasing. This seems to indicate a strong association between overweight and obesity and a younger age of colorectal cancer diagnosis. Currently, with advancements in research on the relationship between early life (childhood and adolescence) body weight and CRC, new insights have been gained regarding the role of high BMI (overweight and obesity) in the occurrence and development of CRC, as well as its impact at different early life stages. Adolescence appears to be a particularly critical period. Therefore, this review will summarize the relationship between early life high BMI and CRC, aiming to provide a reference for clinical and basic research as well as CRC prevention. Significance This study on the relationship between early life high BMI and the development of CRC reveals the role of high BMI during childhood and adolescence in the occurrence and progression of CRC. It suggests the importance of restoring normal weight or reducing weight in individuals with high BMI early in life for the prevention of colorectal cancer.
Attorneys’ Questions About Time in Criminal Cases of Alleged Child Sexual Abuse
Authors: Cameron McKenna N. , Merriwether Ella P. , Katzman Jacqueline , Stolzenberg Stacia N. , Evans Angela D. , McWilliams Kelly 
Published: August 2024

In cases of alleged child sexual abuse, information about the timing of events is often needed. However, published developmental laboratory research has demonstrated that children struggle to provide accurate and reliable testimony about time and there is currently a lack of field research examining how attorneys actually question child witnesses about time in court. The current study analyzed 130 trial transcripts from cases of alleged child sexual abuse containing a child witness between the ages of 5–17 years old to determine the frequency, style, and content of attorneys’ questions and child responses about time. We found that attorneys primarily ask closed-ended temporal location questions (i.e., asking when an event took place using a temporal construct such as day, month, and year) to child witnesses. Additionally, children, of all ages, rarely said “I don’t know” or expressed uncertainty in response to temporal questions. These findings are concerning as researchers find that children tend to struggle with temporally locating past events.
Successful treatment of PD1-inhibitor induced psoriasiform dermatitis using IL-17 blockade without compromising immunotherapy efficacy
Authors: Greene Adina , Penner Scott , Edmond Amanda , Camou Monica , Niu Jiaxin , Abbott Jordan 
Published: August 2024

Introduction Pembrolizumab is a monoclonal PD-1 inhibitor used in the treatment of lung cancer in addition to several other malignancies. Psoriasiform dermatitis is a well-documented adverse effect. Case report We present a 68 year-old-male with a 50-year smoking history and a 30-year remote history of plaque psoriasis, limited to the knees and elbows, who presented with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. He was started on a chemotherapy regimen of carboplatin, paclitaxel, and pembrolizumab. One month later, he presented to dermatology with diffuse erythematous scaly papules coalescing into plaques on 80% of body surface area (BSA). Management & outcome Pembrolizumab treatment was paused. The patient was prescribed triamcinolone 0.1% twice daily, but still had significant BSA at one-month and was started on an Il-17 inhibitor, ixekizumab, clearing the psoriasiform dermatitis. He was rechallenged with pembrolizumab every 3 weeks and repeat PET/CT demonstrated excellent tumor response. Discussion This case prompted a literature review to further characterize the use of IL-17 inhibitors for psoriasiform dermatitis in the setting of ICI therapy. All six cases demonstrated improvement of psoriasiform dermatitis, with two cases showing partial response and four cases showing complete resolution. In three of the six cases, the patients exhibited clinical response to the primary malignancy after rechallenging with ICI, while remaining on an IL-17 inhibitor. Our case, in conjunction with the other reported cases, seems to suggest that IL-17 blockade can maintain a fine balance in this challenging clinical scenario by treating psoriasiform dermatitis without compromising the efficacy of immunotherapy.
Relationship between persistence with topical antiglaucomatous prescription and patient socioeconomic status at a tertiary university hospital in Jerez de la Frontera (Spain)
Authors: Pereira-Gonzalez Ignacio , Sanchez Javier Benitez-del-Castillo , Carmona Soledad Jimenez , Cordoba Doña Juan Antonio 
Published: August 2024

Introduction To study the relationship between socioeconomic status and persistence with topical antiglaucomatous medication. Methods A retrospective epidemiological observational cohort study was conducted with a sample of 1563 patients. The main dependent variable was persistence (medication possession ratio), the independent variable was socioeconomic status (deprivation index). Additional independent variables were used for multivariate analysis: individual health card index, sex, age, pharmacological group, number of eye drops, preservatives, diagnosis and concurrent medications. Bivariate statistical analysis was obtained using non-parametric tests. Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results We obtained data showing greater persistence in the groups with a higher socioeconomic level (deprivation index 1 and 2), with medication possession ratio values of 79.97 and 75.30, respectively) as opposed to the groups at lower socioeconomic levels (deprivation index 4 and 5, with medication possession ratio values of 73.75 and 69.85, respectively. Logistic regression corroborated this difference, reaching a significant value (no persistence in deprivation index group 5 versus 1) with OR = 1.62; 95%CI: 1.13–2.31. Additionally, lower persistence was detected in males, under 60 years of age, undergoing treatment with alpha-agonists, and in patients with ocular hypertension. Discussion Low socioeconomic status of the patient was significantly associated with decreased persistence with topical antiglaucomatous therapy.
Xen gel stent implant for persistent glaucoma after silicone oil removal
Authors: Boscia Francesco , Ferreri Paolo , Sisto Dario , Niro Alfredo , Boscia Giacomo , Scotti Giacomo , Viggiano Pasquale , Sborgia Alessandra , Sborgia Giancarlo , Giancipoli Ermete , Alessio Giovanni 
Published: August 2024

Purpose To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the XEN-Stent for managing unresponsive to medical therapy secondary glaucoma after silicone oil (SO) removal. Methods This retrospective chart reviewed 12 patients who underwent vitrectomy and SO endotamponade. They experienced intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation after SO removal despite taking the maximum tolerated glaucoma medication. Eleven eyes underwent an XEN-implant, while 1 underwent an XEN-implant with phacoemulsification/IOL implantation. The primary outcome was to achieve success criteria: IOP <18 mmHg and >20% IOP reduction without medication (complete success) or with medication (qualified success) and without a secondary IOP-lowering procedure. IOP, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and the number of glaucoma medications (Glaucoma Medication Score-GMS) were recorded at baseline, 1 day, 1 week, 1 (M1), 3 (M3), 6 (M6), and 12 (M12) months postoperatively. Results Baseline characteristics included males percentage 66.6%, mean age of 61.8 ± 5.7 years, BCVA 0.69 ± 0.3 logMAR, IOP 30 ± 4.2 mmHg, and GMS 3.1 ± 0.5. There was a significant reduction in IOP by 14 ± 1.9 mmHg and GMS by 0.27 ± 0.6 at M12 compared to baseline (p < 0.01), but no significant change in BCVA (p = 0.21). Complete success dropped to 50% (M3), rising to 75% (M6, M12) after needling. Two patients achieved qualified success at M12. Needling was performed in 6 eyes, with 3 requiring a second procedure. Ex-PRESS was required in 1 eye. One eye experienced hypotony and hyphema, which resolved within a week. Conclusion XEN implant may be an initial treatment for persistent post SO removal glaucoma with minimal complications. Needling procedures can help maintain or restore surgical success.