bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective Randomized Trial on Postoperative Administration of Diet Containing Eicosapentaenoic Acid, Docosahexaenoic Acid, Gamma-linolenic Acid, and Antioxidants in Head and Neck Cancer Surgery Patients with Free-flap Reconstruction
Authors: Tsukahara Kiyoaki , Motohashi Ray , Sato Hiroki , Endo Minoru , Ueda Yuri , Nakamura Kazuhiro 
Published: October 2014

Objectives The purpose of this prospective, randomized study was to evaluate the effects of a diet containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), and antioxidants in head and neck cancer surgery patients with free-flap reconstruction. METHODS In this randomized, prospective study, 62 patients with head and neck cancers were assigned to receive a general control diet (Ensure® H; Abbott Japan, Tokyo, Japan) or the study diet (Oxepa®; Abbott Japan) containing EPA, DHA, GLA, and antioxidants (eg vitamins A, E, and C). The primary assessment item was the degree of postoperative inflammation, as assessed by measuring maximum body temperature and levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin from the day of surgery to postoperative day 8. Secondary assessment items were lengths of stays in the intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital. Results The control diet group ( n = 32) and study diet group ( n = 30) showed no significant difference in energy administered through diet. No significant differences in the parameters of the primary assessment item were noted. Length of stay in the ICU was significantly shorter for the control diet group than for the study diet group ( P = 0.011). No significant difference in duration of hospitalization was seen between groups. CONCLUSION No usefulness of a diet containing EPA, DHA, GLA, and antioxidants was demonstrated.
1970 British Cohort Study
Authors: Brown Matt 
Published: October 2014

The 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70) is one of Britain’s world famous national longitudinal birth cohort studies, three of which are run by the Centre for Longitudinal Studies at the Institute of Education, University of London. BCS70 follows the lives of more than 17,000 people born in England, Scotland and Wales in a single week of 1970. Over the course of cohort members lives, the BCS70 has collected information on health, physical, educational and social development, and economic circumstances among other factors.Since the birth survey in 1970, there have been nine ‘sweeps’ of all cohort members at ages 5, 10, 16, 26, 30, 34, 38 and most recently at 42.Data has been collected from a number of different sources (the midwife present at birth, parents of the cohort members, head and class teachers, school health service personnel and the cohort members themselves). The data has been collected in a variety of ways including via paper and electronic questionnaires, clinical records, medical examinations, physical measurements, tests of ability, educational assessments and diaries.The majority of BCS70 survey data can be accessed by bona fide researchers through the UK Data Service at the University of Essex.
L’instabilité des alliances stratégiques asymétriques
Authors: Cheriet Foued , Cherbib Jihene 
Published: October 2014

L’instabilité des alliances stratégiques asymétriques est une question controversée en sciences de gestion (Cheriet, 2009). Plusieurs ambigüités subsistent quant à sa mesure ou à son appréciation. L’objet de notre travail est d’analyser cette notion comme un outil stratégique mis en place par la firme multinationale pour faire évoluer la relation coopérative. Notre recherche s’appuie sur l’étude de 8 cas d’alliances asymétriques entre firmes multinationales et entreprises locales tunisiennes. Les résultats montrent que l’instabilité peut être une option délibérée et programmée par les firmes. Nos résultats seront discutés ensuite à travers deux notions : l’instabilité répétée et transférée.
Intercambio tecnológico: intereses del nuevo profesorado de educación secundaria
Authors: Morant Navasquillo Remigi , Huerta Ramón Ricard 
Published: October 2014

Este artículo nos aproxima a los intereses del nuevo profesorado de educación secundaria, explorando cómo podría funcionar una verdadera conexión entre los docentes en formación y los que ya tienen acumulados años de experiencia en el aula. Analizamos aspectos referidos a los indicadores corporativos y observamos la condición de pertenencia a un colectivo docente desde la implantación en España del Máster Universitario en Profesor/a de Educación Secundaria. Desde la perspectiva de las TIC, el factor generacional representa una fase de cambio hacia el reto digital. Nuestro trabajo de campo tiene como fuente de información a los estudiantes del máster del profesorado de educación secundaria de las especialidades de música y dibujo. Hemos apoyando nuestra observación cualitativa con encuestas semiestructuradas. Consideramos prioritario que las TIC se utilicen como una herramienta de diálogo fecundo entre diferentes generaciones de docentes. El alumnado del máster valora las TIC como una mediación idónea para establecer contactos con profesores experimentados. Concluimos que los docentes de música o dibujo deben transmitir las nociones de sus lenguajes, generando además una capacidad de recepción artística entre su alumnado adolescente. El profesorado de disciplinas artísticas con experiencia puede resultar de gran utilidad para los recién llegados a la profesión docente.http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/eari.5.3498
Candidates’ Profile and Forums’ Acceptability in the Communities of Sogod, Southern Leyte, Philippines
Authors: ARONG CECILIA D. , ARONG ERROL JET D. 
Published: October 2014

Candidates’ forums provide information about the candidates’ profile andability. This descriptive study gathered the candidates’ profile; determinedcases of vote buying; and determined forum acceptability. Data were gatheredusing questionnaire; three judges’ evaluated speakers’ speeches using scoresheets. Only communities with more than one candidate for captain andmore than seven for councilors were considered. Fishbowl technique determinedthe data used. A&S meeting for evaluationand consultation with candidatesfor comments or suggestions for improvementsweredone. Percentagewas used for data analysis. Resultswereas follows:majority weremale,electedcaptains gaveextemporaneous speechwhile elected councilors gaveacombinationofmemorizedandimpromptuspeech;theelectedcaptains’speechlength was 6’01 – 7’00 minutes while that of the elected councilorswas3’01 – 4’00 minutes; the captains wereverymuch readywhile councilorswereonly much readyto givespeech; the captains had much loud/much clear voice while the councilors had loud and clear voice; both elected captains andcouncilors were much ready to answer questions an did not have stage fright;forums were very much acceptable to the people and much acceptable to thecandidates; the people and the candidates were very much willing to attendand host the forums; the elected captains’ speeches were very much acceptablewhile that of the councilors weremuch acceptable; bothelected officialshadverygood answersto questions; nearly all respondentsreportedcases ofvotebuying, but majority believedthat they won not because of votebuying.Keywords: Acceptability, candidates’ forum, community, campaign speech, panel’squestion, vote buying, Philippines
Values Shifting Pattern Related to Family Processes and Functioning of the Select Respondents in the 5th District of Manila
Authors: CASTRO LORENA A. 
Published: October 2014

Family plays a crucial role in instilling among members important values that promote good living. The study explored the changes that occurred among Filipino families as to values, beliefs, and practices from the past to present generation.Descriptive research design was used. Structured survey questionnaires andsemi-structured interviews were utilized to generate data. For test on correlation ofresponses, chi-square and z-test of proportion were utilized. The study reveals thatthere was a significant difference in the perceptions of parents, teachers and studentson positive values except for being concern to the environment and humility.However, there was no significant difference in their perceptions on negativeFilipino family values except for indulgence in vices and laziness. It is concluded that students, parents and teachers’ shifted values and that life’s ideals are all dependent on family relationship, generational trends, and significant others.Parents, older members of the family, and teachers should set a good example tothe young generation.Keywords: Values shifting patterns, family process, Filipino values, descriptivecorrelationaldesign,Philippines
New insights into crustal structure, Cenozoic magmatism, CO2 degassing, and seismogenesis in the southern Apennines and Irpinia region from local earthquake tomography
Authors: Improta Luigi , De Gori Pasquale , Chiarabba Claudio 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe present high‐resolution Vp and Vp/Vs models of the southern Apennines (Italy) computed using local earthquakes recorded from 2006 to 2011 with a graded inversion scheme that progressively resolves the crustal structure, from the large scale of the Apennines belt to the local scale of the normal fault system. High‐Vp bodies defined in the upper crust and midcrust under the external Apennines are interpreted as extensive mafic intrusions revealing anorogenic magmatism episodes that broadened on the Adriatic domain during Paleogene. Under the mountain belt, a low‐Vp region, annular to the Neapolitan volcanic district, indicates the existence of a thermal/fluid anomaly in the midcrust, coinciding with a shallow Moho and diffuse degassing of deeply derived CO2. In the belt axial zone, low‐Vp/Vs gas‐pressurized rock volumes under the Apulian carbonates correlate to high heat flow, strong CO2‐dominated gas emissions of mantle origin, and shallow carbonate reservoirs with pressurized CO2 gas caps. We hypothesize that the pressurized fluid volumes located at the base of the active fault system influence the rupture process of large normal faulting earthquakes, like the 1980 Mw6.9 Irpinia event, and that major asperities are confined within the high‐Vp Apulian carbonates. This study confirms once more that preexisting structures of the Pliocene Apulian belt controlled the rupture propagation during the Irpinia earthquake. The main shock broke a ~30 km long, NE dipping seismogenic structure, whereas delayed ruptures (both the 20 s and the 40 s subevents) developed on antithetic faults, reactivating thrust faults located at the eastern edge of the Apulian belt.
Imaging of the early acceleration phase of the 2013–2014 Boso slow slip event
Authors: Fukuda Jun'ichi , Kato Aitaro , Obara Kazushige , Miura Satoshi , Kato Teruyuki 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe analyze GPS and seismic data to examine the spatiotemporal evolution of a slow slip event (SSE) near Boso Peninsula, central Japan, from December 2013 to January 2014. The evolution of this SSE and its associated seismicity is divided into two distinct phases. Slip initially accelerated slowly with low slip rates, low propagation speeds, and no accompanying seismicity during the early phase and then accelerated more rapidly with higher slip rates, a higher propagation speed, and local earthquake swarm activity during the later phase. The seismicity was highly correlated in space and time with slip rate, suggesting that the swarm activity was triggered by stress loading due to the slow slip. The transition from the slow to faster phase shares some similarities with the nucleation of megathrust earthquakes inferred from foreshock activities, suggesting that SSEs may provide insights into the nucleation of large earthquakes.
A 3‐D spectral‐element and frequency‐wave number hybrid method for high‐resolution seismic array imaging
Authors: Tong Ping , Komatitsch Dimitri , Tseng Tai‐Lin , Hung Shu‐Huei , Chen Chin‐Wu , Basini Piero , Liu Qinya 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe present a three‐dimensional (3‐D) hybrid method that interfaces the spectral‐element method (SEM) with the frequency‐wave number (FK) technique to model the propagation of teleseismic plane waves beneath seismic arrays. The accuracy of the resulting 3‐D SEM‐FK hybrid method is benchmarked against semianalytical FK solutions for 1‐D models. The accuracy of 2.5‐D modeling based on 2‐D SEM‐FK hybrid method is also investigated through comparisons to this 3‐D hybrid method. Synthetic examples for structural models of the Alaska subduction zone and the central Tibet crust show that this method is capable of accurately capturing interactions between incident plane waves and local heterogeneities. This hybrid method presents an essential tool for the receiver function and scattering imaging community to verify and further improve their techniques. These numerical examples also show the promising future of the 3‐D SEM‐FK hybrid method in high‐resolution regional seismic imaging based on waveform inversions of converted/scattered waves recorded by seismic array.
A friction to flow constitutive law and its application to a 2‐D modeling of earthquakes
Authors: Shimamoto Toshihiko , Noda Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2014

AbstractEstablishment of a constitutive law from friction to high‐temperature plastic flow has long been a challenging task for solving problems such as modeling earthquakes and plate interactions. Here we propose an empirical constitutive law that describes this transitional behavior using only friction and flow parameters, with good agreements with experimental data on halite shear zones. The law predicts steady state and transient behaviors, including the dependence of the shear resistance of fault on slip rate, effective normal stress, and temperature. It also predicts a change in velocity weakening to velocity strengthening with increasing temperature, similar to the changes recognized for quartz and granite gouge under hydrothermal conditions. A slight deviation from the steady state friction law due to the involvement of plastic deformation can cause a large change in the velocity dependence. We solved seismic cycles of a fault across the lithosphere with the law using a 2‐D spectral boundary integral equation method, revealing dynamic rupture extending into the aseismic zone and rich evolution of interseismic creep including slow slip prior to earthquakes. Seismic slip followed by creep is consistent with natural pseudotachylytes overprinted with mylonitic deformation. Overall fault behaviors during earthquake cycles are insensitive to transient flow parameters. The friction‐to‐flow law merges “Christmas tree” strength profiles of the lithosphere and rate dependency fault models used for earthquake modeling on a unified basis. Strength profiles were drawn assuming a strain rate for the flow regime, but we emphasize that stress distribution evolves reflecting the fault behavior. A fault zone model was updated based on the earthquake modeling.
Characteristics of fluid‐induced resonances observed during microseismic monitoring
Authors: Tary Jean Baptiste , van der Baan Mirko , Sutherland Bruce , Eaton David W. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThree groups of resonances are observed during a two‐stage hydraulic experiment recorded by 12 three‐component geophones. The injected fluid is composed of a slurry of mostly water and proppant plus some supercritical nitrogen. Resonance characteristics are estimated using an autoregressive model. Three resonance models are investigated: fluid‐filled cracks, nonlaminar fluid flow, and repetitive events in terms of anticipated resonance frequencies, quality factors, and amplitudes. The observed resonances are very stable and positively correlated with either the slurry flow or the nitrogen injection rate, which is in contradiction with the repetitive events and fluid‐filled crack models, respectively. Resonances obtained by numerical simulations of an unstable jet agree with the main characteristics of most observed resonances. Our observations suggest that variations in resonance frequencies are mainly driven by variations in fluid flow, whereas quality factors are more sensitive to the fluid composition through variations in nitrogen injection rate. This study also suggests that resonance frequencies and quality factors can provide complementary information for real‐time monitoring of fluid injection into reservoirs, for hydraulic stimulations, geothermal operations, carbon capture, and storage or fluid movement during volcano eruptions.
Time‐space modeling of the dynamics of Santorini volcano (Greece) during the 2011–2012 unrest
Authors: Saltogianni Vasso , Stiros Stathis C. , Newman Andrew V. , Flanagan Kelly , Moschas Fanis 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe 2011–2012 unrest of Santorini (Thera) volcano (Aegean Sea, Greece) was associated with microseismicity confined to the Kameni Line (KL), a major tectonovolcanic lineament, and has been regarded as a single magmatic episode, produced by a spherical source derived from inversion of GPS data. However, such a source is a few kilometers away from the KL and cannot explain observed microseismicity. For this reason, we divided the unrest episode into five periods based on the fluctuations of seismicity and deformation rates and investigated the connection between seismicity and two spherical magmatic point sources for each period. Based on a new inversion algorithm and consistent GPS data, we recognized during the volcano unrest episode an unstable pattern of intrusions correlating with both the KL and Columbo Line (CL), a second major tectonovolcanic lineament. Intrusions correlating with CL appear relatively persistent, aseismic, small, and shallow, which is consistent with marine geophysical evidence for arrested shallow dykes and geodetic evidence from a previous inflation episode. During the two periods of intense seismicity, sources close to the KL, explaining seismicity, were obtained. This unstable pattern of intrusions explains both the well‐observed location and timing of seismicity as well as ground deformation and is consistent with results of an Okada‐type inversion for a sill and a dyke. The stress interactions between the two sources agree with Coulomb failure stress models. Santorini appears to be affected by concurrent offset magma pulses, and only recent activity from a magma pulse below the KL produced microseismic swarms.
Intermittency in a stochastic parameterization of nonorographic gravity waves
Authors: de la Cámara A. , Lott F. , Hertzog A. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA multiwave stochastic parameterization of nonorographic gravity waves (GWs), representing GWs produced by convection and a background of GWs in the midlatitudes, is tuned and tested against momentum fluxes derived from long‐duration balloon flights. The tests are done offline using data sets corresponding to the Southern Ocean during the Concordiasi campaign in 2010. We also adopt the limiting constraint that the drag produced by the scheme resembles that produced by a highly tuned spectral GW parameterization, the so‐called Hines scheme. Our results show that the parameterization can reproduce the momentum flux intermittency measured during the campaign, which is relevant since it strongly impacts on the vertical distribution of the GW drag. We also show that, at the altitude of the balloon flights, the momentum flux intermittency is in good part due to the GW sources: filtering by the background winds only becomes effective at much higher altitude. These results are based on bulk formulae for the GW momentum flux that could be used to replace our background GWs by GWs produced by fronts. Finally, the GW energy spectra built out of the stochastic scheme by averaging over a large ensemble of realizations are comparable to the classical vertical spectra of GWs, used today in globally spectral schemes. This indicates that multiwave and spectral schemes can be reconciled once a stochastic approach is used.
Stable isotopes (carbon, nitrogen, sulfur), diet, and anthropometry in urban Colombian women: Investigating socioeconomic differences
Authors: Bender Richard L. , Dufour Darna L. , Valenzuela Luciano O. , Cerling Thure E. , Sponheimer Matt , Reina Julio C. , Ehleringer James R. 
Published: October 2014

ObjectivesWe conducted stable isotope and dietary analyses of women from higher and lower socioeconomic status (SES) groups in Cali, Colombia. The objectives were to test between‐group differences in stable isotope, dietary, and anthropometric characteristics, and to evaluate relationships between diet and stable isotope values.MethodsHair samples from 38 women (mean age 33.4) from higher and lower SES groups were analyzed for δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S values. Dietary intake was assessed via 24‐h recalls. Anthropometric variables measured were body mass index, five body circumferences, and six skinfold thicknesses.ResultsMean δ13C and δ15N values of the higher SES group (−16.4 and 10.3‰) were significantly greater than those of the lower SES group (−17.2 and 9.6‰;P < 0.01), but mean δ34S values did not differ significantly between groups (higher SES: 4.6‰; lower SES: 5.1‰). The higher SES group consumed a greater percentage of protein than the lower SES group (14% vs. 12% of energy;P = 0.03), but the groups did not differ in other dietary characteristics or in anthropometric characteristics. δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S values were not correlated with intake of the dietary items predicted (sugars, animal‐source protein, and marine foods, respectively). The lower SES group was more variable in all three stable isotope values (P < 0.05), mirroring a trend toward greater dietary variability in this group.ConclusionsStable isotope values revealed a difference between SES groups that was not explained by the dietary data. The relationship between diet and stable isotope composition is complex. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 27:207–218, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Photocaged DNAzymes as a General Method for Sensing Metal Ions in Living Cells
Authors: Hwang Kevin , Wu Peiwen , Kim Taejin , Lei Lei , Tian Shiliang , Wang Yingxiao , Lu Yi 
Published: October 2014

AbstractDNAzymes, which are sequences of DNA with catalytic activity, have been demonstrated as a potential platform for sensing a wide range of metal ions. Despite their significant promise, cellular sensing using DNAzymes has however been difficult, mainly because of the “always‐on” mode of first‐generation DNAzyme sensors. To overcome this limitation, a photoactivatable (or photocaged) DNAzyme was designed and synthesized, and its application in sensing ZnII in living cells was demonstrated. In this design, the adenosine ribonucleotide at the scissile position of the 8–17 DNAzyme was replaced by 2′‐O‐nitrobenzyl adenosine, rendering the DNAzyme inactive and thus allowing its delivery into cells intact, protected from nonspecific degradation within cells. Irradiation at 365 nm restored DNAzyme activity, thus allowing the temporal control over the sensing activity of the DNAzyme for metal ions. The same strategy was also applied to the GR‐5 DNAzyme for the detection of PbII, thus demonstrating the possible scope of the method.