bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What’s new for the clinician – summaries of recently published papers (October 2024)
Authors: Yengopal V 
Published: February 2025

The huge number of electric toothbrush brands and models available to the consumer nowadays is evidence of the constant evolution in electric toothbrush design and performance to improve plaque removal performance in the mouth. Various manual and powered toothbrushes and brush head designs are available in the market. Powered toothbrushes have become increasingly popular due to their ease of use, highly effective plaque removal and positive impact on oral health. Many advanced toothbrush models have incorporated bristle head designs, such as multi-level, criss-cross arrangements and rounded ends, to enhance plaque removal further. Additionally, several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have shown that powered toothbrushes are more effective than manual toothbrushes in reducing plaque and gingivitis in both the short and long term.
Beyond the bottom line: Profit and purpose in dentistry
Authors: Wood Neil 
Published: February 2025

Imagine standing at the intersection of care and commerce, where every decision, whether to invest in cutting-edge technology, choose a premium material or offer a discounted service, has the power to shape not only the success of your practice but the very essence of your profession. This is the reality of modern dentistry: a delicate balancing act between profitability and purpose. In South Africa, where disparities in access and affordability magnify these decisions, the stakes are even higher. As dentists, how do we navigate this complex terrain? How do we honour our ethical commitments while ensuring the sustainability of our practices? Most importantly, can dentistry redefine success in a way that harmonises these seemingly conflicting priorities? The honest answers may surprise us all.
Focal osteomyelitis with proliferative periostitis
Authors: Yakoob Zarah 
Published: February 2025

A 22-year-old female presented to our clinic with the main complaint of pain and swelling in the left mandible. The medical history revealed no co-morbidities. Extraoral examination revealed a draining sinus and a hard, firm swelling in the posterior left mandible. Intraoral examination revealed multiple carious teeth and healthy overlying mucosa. A panoramic radiograph was performed (Figure 1). Radiographic examination revealed a missing 18, impacted 28, 38, 48 and carious lesions on the 17, 15, 37 and 36. A periapical radiolucency is associated with the grossly carious 37 and in addition a convex radiopacity and onion skin-like periosteal reaction is noted, whereby numerous layers of new cortical bone is deposited in relation to the 37. The radiopacity extent includes the 37 area, with the affected bone appearing more sclerotic and dense. The adjacent cortical bone is normal. The periosteal reaction resulted in expansion of the cortical border, whilst remaining intact. There is a clear demarcation of the original cortical border and the new bone deposition (Figure 2). As the clinical and radiographic features were consistent with that of focal osteomyelitis with proliferative periostitis, a definitive diagnosis was made without the need for histological investigations. Subsequently, the grossly carious 37 was extracted and antibiotics was prescribed. The patient responded well to the treatment and treatment of the other carious lesions has commenced.
La necrópolis de Santa Ana (Guzmán, Burgos). Localización y caracterización mediante prospección superficial
Authors: Tobalina Pulido Leticia , Polo Romero Luis Alberto , Suárez López Pedro Antonio 
Published: February 2025

The use of non-invasive techniques for the study of medieval necropolises has traditionally focused on the use of georadar and extensive survey methods, with intensive pedestrian surface prospecting being applied prefrentially to characterise habitational spaces. Thus, this article provides an innovation by using intensive pedestrian surface prospection to locate and characterise the necropolis associated with the hermitage of Santa Ana in Guzmán (Burgos). Intensive pedestrian surface prospecting was combined with laboratory analysis of documented surface bone remains and the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) through the analysis of aerial photographs, historical orthophotos, and LiDAR data. This approach has allowed the characterisation of the burial area without the need for archaeological excavations. The research has provided a better understanding of an area heavily eroded by agricultural activities.
A Pesquisa-Formação na Cibercultura: uma Análise das Produções Científicas sobre Tecnologias Digitais
Authors: Gusmão Rogério , Aparecida Brito Barreto Denise , Eugênio Benedito Gonçalves 
Published: February 2025

A complexidade intrínseca da sociedade contemporânea, notadamente com os acelerados processos de transformação que permeiam todas as esferas da vida cotidiana, especialmente aqueles instigados pela ampla adoção das tecnologias digitais, tem suscitado a necessidade de pesquisas que transcendam os reducionismos e dicotomias inerentes às abordagens tradicionais. Nessa perspectiva, a pesquisa-formação na cibercultura, se propõe a amplificar as vozes dos sujeitos por meio de uma escuta sensível, visando à construção compartilhada de novos saberes e à apreensão das múltiplas compreensões por meio de sistemas dialógicos e interativos. É dentro dessa metodologia que o presente artigo, inserido como componente de um estudo mais amplo que abrange uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura (RSL), se propõe a analisar como as produções encontradas abordam as tecnologias em seu construto. O corpus analisado é composto por seis teses e doze dissertações orientadas ou coorientadas por Edméa Oliveira dos Santos. A organização dos dados foi fundamentada nos preceitos da análise de conteúdo (Bardin, 2016). Para aprofundar a análise, foram investigados quatro aspectos: as palavras-chave, os referenciais teóricos e citações, a incidência das unidades de registro e a formação dos pesquisadores. Os resultados revelam uma considerável lacuna nos estudos que, ao enfocarem a formação e a cibercultura, acabam por negligenciar a compreensão teórica acerca das tecnologias. Tal fato sugere, para o corpus em análise, uma possível ausência de formação em tecnologia por parte dos pesquisadores.

Palavras-chave: Cibercultura. Edméa Santos. Pesquisa-formação na cibercultura. Revisão sistemática. Tecnologias digitais.
Big data analytics capabilities and the organisational performance of South African retailers
Authors: Welbotha Diana , Van den Berg Carolien 
Published: February 2025

Big data analytics provides a competitive advantage and growth opportunities for organisations. Recent studies identify the resources required to build big data analytics capability (BDAC) and its correlation with firm performance. This study extends this exploration by investigating the nexus between specific dimensions of big data analytics capabilities namely, Big Data Analytics Tangible Capabilities (BDATC), Big Data Analytics Human Capabilities (BDAHC), and Big Data Analytics Intangible Capabilities (BDAIC) and the organisational performance of South African retailers. Employing a descriptive research design, this study applied a quantitative survey administered to members of the Business Intelligence (BI) teams within selected South African retailers. The study’s findings affirm a positive and significant impact of BDA capabilities (BDATC, BDAHC, and BDAIC) on the organisational performance of South African retailers, thereby supporting the three proposed hypotheses. In essence, this research underscores the indispensable nature of all primary dimensions of BDAC in optimising the organisational performance of retailers. The outcomes of this study indicate that cultivating these capabilities empowers retailers to enhance productivity, elevate sales revenue, improve profit margins, foster customer retention, and augment return on investment.
A Hip New Standard
Authors: Turner Naomi M. , Mayeda Marissa Song , De Lima Bryanna , Friess Darin , Doung Yee-Cheen , Drago Kathleen 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Osteoporosis continues to be underdiagnosed and inadequately treated in older hip-fracture patients. Our aim was to improve the rate of osteoporosis treatment with IV bisphosphonate therapy in eligible patients admitted for hip-fracture surgery.

Methods:
The present study was designed as a quality improvement initiative using Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles at an academic medical center in Portland, Oregon, over 2.5 years. A protocol was developed (1) to administer IV zoledronate on postoperative day 2 to inpatients aged ≥50 years who underwent surgery for a low-energy hip fracture and (2) to formally diagnose osteoporosis during admission. The protocol was introduced across 3 care settings in a stepped-wedge manner. Outcome measures were the percentage of inpatient zoledronate administered to eligible patients and formal documented diagnosis of osteoporosis. Balance measures included fever after administration and hospital length of stay (LOS). Measures were assessed through quarterly chart review and tracked via control charts.

Results:
The rate of zoledronate administration significantly increased from 34.5% (29 of 84) to 74.6% (53 of 71) following the second PDSA cycle (p < 0.001). Documented osteoporosis diagnosis also significantly improved from 51.0% (53 of 104) to 85.7% (96 of 112) following the second PDSA cycle (p < 0.001). No significant differences were shown for hospital LOS, and 1 of 82 patients had medical work-up for post-infusion acute phase reaction after administration.

Conclusions:
This initiative was effective at improving osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment among older hip-fracture patients at our institution. Protocol development for administrating inpatient zoledronate after hip fracture is a reliable way to predictably offer bone health care and secondary-fracture prevention to hip-fracture patients and can be adapted and implemented at other institutions.

Level of Evidence:
Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
III-Nitride MEMS Drum Resonators on Flexible Metal Substrates
Authors: Salvestrini Jean-Paul , Kassem Ali , Gujrati Rajat , Bourrier David , Ayela Cédric , Mathieu Fabrice , Dufour Isabelle , Nicu Liviu , Sundaram Suresh , Hunt William , Ougazzaden Abdallah , Leichlé Thierry 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

We present a simple and robust process for fabricating III-Nitride (III-N) mechanical resonators on flexible metal substrates. This method combines Van der Waals epitaxy of III-N epilayers with the deposition of a thick metal stressor atop the III-N layers. During thermal treatment, the 30 µm thick metal stressor deposited on a 300 nm AlGaN / 500 nm GaN layer grown on a 3 nm two-dimensional hexagonal-Boron Nitride (2D h-BN) release layer, initiates a one-step Self-Lift-Off and Transfer (SLOT) process. This process effectively transfers the III-N heterostructure from the h-BN/Sapphire growth wafer to the flexible metal stressor substrate. Additional local etching of the metal stressor and deposition of front electrodes allow for releasing self-standing III-N layers with integrated actuation. Fabricated III-N MEMS were analyzed using optical profilometry and laser Doppler vibrometer, enabling the observation of static deflections and distinct vibration modes. Finite element method (FEM) simulations were also performed to further understand experimental observations and assess the mechanical properties of the released III-N layers, particularly enabling the estimation of stress in the GaN and AlGaN released layers. This straightforward approach not only provides a practical solution for cost-effective III-N MEMS resonators but also ensures flexibility, and crack-free structures.
Exploring the Properties of Rhizobium sp. HR1101-4 Exopolysaccharide: Introducing a Novel Exopolysaccharide in Food Industry
Authors: Tisun Ummay Ayman , Srab Farzana Sayed , Mohal Mst. Mamotaz , Manik Md. Rahat , Joy Shoriful Islam , Syed Asad , Wong Ling Shing , Saleh Md. Abu , Zaman Shahriar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) exhibit distinct physiological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-microbial activities that may have a range of industrial, pharmaceutical, and medical uses. This study aimed to separate, purify, and examine the properties of the Rhizobium sp. HR1101-4 EPS. The optimum parameter set (time, temperature, pH, sugar) for the production of EPS was determined. The highest yield was obtained at a temperature of 39°C, a pH range of 8–10, and using mannose (0.2%) as the carbon source. The results of FT-IR and the NMR analysis revealed that the EPS is a mixture of hexoses with possible pentose sugars. Moreover, this structure showed positive antibiofilm activity against five pathogenic bacteria; Acinetobacter sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella sonnei, Salmonella sp., and Shigella flexneri, as well as antioxidant activity (42%). Furthermore, the high water-holding (355%) and oil-holding capacity (170%) of the EPS may enhance the nutritional value and rheological characteristics of food products. The improved emulsifying activity of mustard oil suggested potential use for stabilizing emulsions. Additionally, the EPS showed promising flocculating activity, indicating its potential application in treatment of industrial wastewater. This also could be employed as a safe rheological agent and a nutritious food-grade additive for industrial use.
Counting the Savings: Impact of Georgia's Drug Policy Interventions on Households
Authors: Gorgodze Tsotne , Zoidze Akaki , Gotsadze George 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Access to essential medicines is fundamental to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and Universal Health Coverage. However, in Georgia, as in other low and middle-income countries, out-of-pocket payments for medicines remain a significant financial burden, particularly for low-income households. Despite implementing the Universal Health Coverage Program in 2013, medicines account for the largest share of OOP health expenditures, exacerbating the risk of impoverishment. This study uses interrupted time series analysis to evaluate the impact of four major pharmaceutical policy interventions initiated between 2017 and 2023 on household monthly drug expenditures.
Methodology
The analysis utilized pooled data from the 2015–2023 Household Income and Expenditure Surveys, covering over 110,000 households. Monthly median drug expenditures were adjusted to constant prices in January 2015 and analyzed. Three policy interventions were assessed: the 2017 drug reimbursement plan, the introduction of parallel imports from Turkey in 2022, and the implementation of external reference pricing in 2023. The regression models accounted for seasonality and complex survey design features, including weights and clustering.
Results
The results demonstrated that only the external reference pricing policy led to an immediate reduction of 6.96 GEL (p = 0.016) and a sustained monthly decline of 1.28 GEL/month (p = 0.002), representing a 29% reduction in monthly spending, which saved households an estimated 43.3 (95 % CI: 18.0: 68.9) million GEL in 2023. The 2022 parallel import policy showed an immediate decrease of 2.26 GEL (p = 0.39) but was followed by a significant upward trend (coefficient = 1.43, p < 0.001). Budget modifications earlier intervention in 2019 did not yield significant changes in spending levels or trends.
Conclusion
These findings emphasize the impact of external reference pricing in reducing the financial burden of pharmaceutical expenditures and underscore its potential as a viable policy option for other low—and middle-income countries. Nevertheless, based on the experience of different countries, sustained reductions in household spending on drugs necessitate ongoing monitoring and supplementary measures to address disparities in access and ensure a lasting, positive impact on the population. Experiences in Georgia could be educational for policymakers in low-middle-income settings.
An Interview study with Professionals on Shared Decision-Making in Child and Adolescent Mental Health
Authors: Eiroa-Orosa Francisco José , Roura-Roca Iona 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Shared Decision-Making (SDM) is a paradigm that involves collaboration between healthcare professionals and service users to reach decisions jointly. This approach is based on the exchange of information, identification of service users’ values and preferences, analysis of treatment options, and consensus on an action plan. The present study aims to explore the beliefs and attitudes professionals regarding this model, in a context where its implementation has not yet begun in services for children and adolescents but is starting in the adult mental health system.
Methods
A qualitative investigation was conducted through thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with various mental health professionals.
Results
While SDM offers potential benefits, its implementation entails a series of requirements, limitations, and dilemmas that must be addressed. In the child and adolescent context, it is particularly complex to establish specific ages for applying this model and to determine in which cases it is appropriate.
Conclusions
The adoption of SDM would represent a significant advancement that could contribute to improving the well-being of service users.
Quantitative Evaluation of Incomplete Stent Apposition in Intracranial Aneurysms Using Optical Coherence Tomography: A Porcine Model Study
Authors: Wei Zhuangzhuang , Ma Ji , Zhang Zhike , Shi Shuailong , Long Shuhai , Shui Shaofeng , Yan Lei , Song Yan , Tang Yi , Wang Ye , Yang Jie , Ran Yuncai , Zhang Yong , Xie Shanshan , Li Zhen , Zhu Zefei , Li Tengfei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Incomplete stent apposition (ISA) of intracranial stents is recognized as a significant issue in aneurysm treatment leading to in-stent thrombosis and aneurysm recurrence. Traditional imaging techniques like DSA have limitations in accurately assessing stent apposition. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the detection of ISA after stent-assisted coiling (SAC) and its impact on stent endothelialization and aneurysm healing in a porcine model.
Materials and Methods
Twelve healthy minipigs with surgically established common carotid artery sidewall aneurysm were utilized and treated with SAC. DSA and OCT were used immediately post-procedure and during follow-ups at 4 and 12 weeks to assess aneurysm occlusion and stent apposition. Histopathology ultimately assessed stent endothelialization and aneurysm healing. ISA distance, measured by OCT, was analyzed using logistic regression to predict the association between ISA severity and stent endothelialization outcome.
Results
OCT detected ISA sites (n = 30) in all subjects at the aneurysm neck, stent ends, and locally in the stent, with a mean ISA distance of 639.65 ± 146.82 µm immediately after the procedure. One experimental pig developed in-stent occlusion after 4 weeks, resulting in death. OCT detected residual ISAs in 54.2% (13/24) at 4 weeks, decreasing to 16.7% (4/24) at 12 weeks in the remaining 11 subjects. DSA showed complete aneurysm occlusion in the remaining subjects at 12 weeks. An ISA distance of > 600 µm was found to be associated with significantly higher rates of poor stent endothelialization at the 12-week follow-up.
Conclusion
OCT demonstrated higher sensitivity in detecting ISA after SAC. ISA distance > 600 µm can be a critical prognostic factor, associated with poor outcomes.
Influence of grazing practices and land cover types on CH 4 , CO 2 and N 2 O fluxes in semi- arid rangelands of Laikipia County, Kenya
Authors: Chepkemoi Janeth , Gitau Angela , Onwonga Richard , Mureithi Stephen , Mbau Judith , Kiama Stephen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from soils, influenced by grazing management practices and land cover types, are critical in understanding the dynamics of semi-arid rangeland ecosystems. This study was conducted in the Ilmotiok community ranch, Laikipia County, Kenya, to investigate the effects of grazing management practices (continuous and controlled grazing) and land cover types (bare ground, grass patches, and tree mosaics) on soil emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O). A completely randomized block design was used, with 36 sampling points established across three topographical positions under both grazing systems. Gas samples were collected for five weeks using static chambers, and GHG fluxes were analyzed using a gas chromatograph (GC). Results showed that controlled grazing significantly improved soil quality, with higher total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), and water-filled pore space (WFPS) compared to continuous grazing. Tree mosaics exhibited the highest TOC and TN levels, followed by grass patches, while bare ground had the lowest. Controlled grazing emitted higher CO₂-C flux (83.2 mg. m⁻².h⁻¹) than continuous grazing (21.5 mg. m⁻².h⁻¹), with tree mosaics showing the highest flux among land cover types. Nitrous oxide emissions were also higher under controlled grazing (19.4 µg. m⁻².h⁻¹) than continuous grazing (3.4 µg. m⁻².h⁻¹), with grass patches exhibiting the highest N₂O flux among land cover types. Methane fluxes varied, with continuous grazing acting as a methane sink (-0.037 mg. m⁻².h⁻¹) and controlled grazing as a slight source (0.016 mg. m⁻².h⁻¹). Grass patches showed the strongest methane sink potential (-0.034 mg. m⁻².h⁻¹). Regression analysis revealed that WFPS and TOC were strong positive drivers of CO₂ flux, while TN, soil texture, and C:N ratio showed negative relationships. Methane and nitrous oxide fluxes were positively associated with CO₂ emissions, indicating interconnected soil GHG dynamics. These findings highlight the critical role of sustainable grazing practices and diverse land cover in improving soil quality and managing GHG emissions in semi-arid rangelands. Integrating controlled grazing and vegetation restoration can enhance soil fertility, mitigate GHG emissions, and promote ecosystem resilience.
Hyperimmune serum containing H. somni rHsp60, rOMP40 and A. pleuropneumoniae LPS antibodies as supplementary treatment for calf respiratory diseases
Authors: Blicharski Krzysztof , Bajzert Joanna , Jawor Paulina , Jachymek Wojciech , Kuczaj Marian , Stefaniak Tadeusz 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in dairy heifer calves cause significant economic losses associated with treatment costs, reduced growth rate and mortality. Bovine hyperimmune serum was produced in cows hyperimmunized with three conservative antigens (Histophilus somni rHsp60, H. somni rOMP40, and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae LPS core oligosaccharide), which exhibit broad cross-reactivity with several Gram-negative bacteria. Dairy heifer calves received serum subcutaneously on the first day of treatment for BRD, as an additive to antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs. Health status was estimated on a modified point scale system on days 1, 7 and 14th of the treatment. The calves were divided into four groups (10 per group): two with moderate signs of BRD with or without (control) hyperimmune serum application and two with severe signs of BRD. At day 1,7,14 of treatment and day 180 of life, plasma fibrinogen, serum haptoglobin, serum amyloid A, IgG1, IgG2, and IgM. Harvested hyperimmune serum contained high levels of IgG1 and IgG2 antibodies against homologous antigens. The supplementary application of hyperimmune serum concurrently to antibiotic and NSAIDs treatment of respiratory tract infections in dairy heifer calves shortened the appearance and reduced the intensity of clinical signs compared with calves treated without the use of serum.