bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A challenge with Porphyromonas gingivalis differentially affects the osteoclastogenesis potential of periodontal ligament fibroblasts from periodontitis patients and non‐periodontitis donors
Authors: Sokos Dimitris , Scheres Nina , Schoenmaker Ton , Everts Vincent , de Vries Teun J. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAimPorphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) may cause an immune‐inflammatory response in host cells leading to bone degradation by osteoclasts. We investigated the osteoclast‐inducing capacity of periodontal ligament fibroblasts from periodontitis patients and non‐periodontitis donors after a challenge with viable Pg.Materials and methodsPDLFs from periodontitis patients (n = 8) and non‐periodontitis donors (n = 7) were incubated for 6 h with or without viable Pg and subsequently co‐cultured with osteoclast precursors from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The number of multinucleated tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase‐positive cells was determined at 21 days. Expression of osteoclastogenesis‐associated genes was assessed after infection of PDLFs mono‐cultures and in PDLFs‐PBMCs co‐cultures. Resorption activity was analysed on bone slices.ResultsPg induced the expression of osteoclastogenesis‐associated genes by PDLFs. After bacterial challenge the formation of osteoclast‐like cell was decreased in co‐cultures of PBMCs with non‐periodontitis PDLFs, but not with PDLFs from periodontitis patients.ConclusionPDLFs from sites free of periodontitis respond to an infection with Pg by tempering formation of osteoclast‐like cells, probably promoting clearance of the infection. PDLFs from periodontitis sites are desensitized to a Pg challenge in terms of their osteoclast‐inducing capacity.
A review of orchid pollination studies in China
Authors: TANG Guang‐Da , OU Jing‐Hui , LUO Yi‐Bo , ZHUANG Xue‐Ying , LIU Zhong‐Jian 
Published: October 2013

AbstractOrchid pollination and evolution are common topics in evolutionary biology. China has approximately 1400 orchid species distributed in diverse habitats and account for approximately 5% of the orchid species in the world. These orchids provide us with materials to explore coevolution and organic evolution. We summarized 53 Chinese orchid pollination studies and synthesized their main findings and common patterns. Bees and flies are the main pollinators of Chinese orchids and drive the diversification of Paphiopedilum and Cypripedium. In addition, the patterns are consistent with phylogenetic evolution studies. Almost half of the Chinese orchids use a common food‐deceptive pollination strategy to transfer their pollens. Other orchids use Batesian mimicry, brood‐site imitation, and green‐leaf volatile imitation, which is rare. Holcoglossum amesianum (Rchb. f.) Christenson and Paphiopedilum parishii (Rchb. f.) Stein, which live in insect‐scarce habitats, use self‐pollination strategies to ensure their reproductive success. However, studies on pollination are in the early stages and comprehensive studies are scarce. Therefore, future studies should involve additional disciplines and techniques, such as chemecologic, electrophysiologic, genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic methods, to evaluate the floral features that attract specific pollinators and to elucidate the patterns of Chinese orchid pollination, evolutionary history, diversification, and speciation between orchids and their pollinators.
Prospective Trial of Sacral Neuromodulation for Refractory Overactive Bladder Syndrome in Korean Patients
Authors: MOON Kyung Hyun , HAN Ji‐Yeon , KIM Jang Hwan , LEE Ha Na , LEE Kyu‐Sung , LEE Jeong Gu , OH Seung‐June , YOON Ha Na , CHOO Myung‐Soo 
Published: October 2013

ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of sacral neuromodulation for treating patients with refractory overactive bladder based on urodynamic data.MethodsPatients older than 18 years of age, with overactive bladder symptoms refractory to conventional therapies were eligible. Patients with more than a 50% reduction in frequency, urgency, or urge incontinence symptoms during a 2‐week test stimulation period retained the sacral neuromodulation. Voiding diaries, overactive bladder questionnaires, and urodynamic studies were performed before and 1 year after sacral neuromodulation.ResultsForty patients received sacral neuromodulation and 31 patients of those were followed more than 1 year. The mean age of the 31 patients was 54.2 ± 15.4 (range, 30–76) years, and the mean duration of symptoms was 4.4 ± 5.7 (range, 1–31) years. After 12 months of sacral neuromodulation, significant decreases in the episodes of daily urgency (from 20.2 to 5.7, P < 0.001), urgency incontinence (from 7.3 to 0.2; P = 0.011), day time micturition (from 21.8 to 9.9; P < 0.001), night time micturition (from 3.2 to 1.2; P = 0.006) and in severity of urgency episodes (from 3.8 to 2.7; P = 0.015) were observed compared to baseline. Significant increases occurred in bladder volume at the first unstable contraction (from 182.4 ± 92.7 to 216.8 ± 115.6 mL), bladder volume at first desire to void (from 150.5 ± 90.8 to 167.8 ± 81.5 mL), maximal cystometric capacity (from 260.7 ± 120.4 to 291.7 ± 124.3 mL) and bladder volume at urgency sensation (from 182.4 ± 92.7 to 208.2 ± 106.6 mL) (all P < 0.05).ConclusionsSacral neuromodulation is an effective and safe treatment for refractory overactive bladder.
Inter‐ and intra‐rater reproducibility of automated and integrated pressure‐flow analysis of esophageal pressure‐impedance recordings
Authors: Rohof W. O. , Myers J. C. , Estremera F. A. , Ferris L. S. , van de Pol J. , Boeckxstaens G. E. , Omari T. I. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundAutomated impedance manometry pressure‐flow analysis (AIM analysis) determines pressure measurements relative to bolus flow and has to date shown subtle variations in esophageal motility in relation to dysphagia. In this study, we assessed intra‐ and inter‐rater reproducibility of AIM metrics derived using purpose designed software.MethodsFifty patients referred for evaluation of gastro‐esophageal reflux symptoms (33 men, age 52 ± 1.9 years) underwent combined high‐resolution impedance manometry and completed a dysphagia questionnaire. From 10 liquid and 10 viscous swallows, a subset of four swallows (two saline and two viscous) was systematically selected from each patient for manual and AIMplot analysis, which was performed twice by five observers (two experts, three non‐experts). Intra‐ and inter‐rater agreement were determined using intraclass correlation coefficients.Key ResultsAIMplot‐based analysis showed high intra‐rater and inter‐rater reproducibility for all metrics (mean ICCs of 0.95 and 0.94, respectively). Reproducibility of metrics derived for liquid and viscous did not differ (ICCs of 0.96 and 0.91 for liquid and viscous, respectively). In addition, metrics derived by experts had an equivalent level of reproducibility compared to non‐experts (ICCs of 0.96 and 0.94, respectively). Variables that could be derived with commercial software (ManoView™) correlated highly with variables from AIMplot‐based analysis, such as 4‐s integrated relaxation pressure (r = 0.85) and the 20‐mmHg isobaric contour defect (r = 0.92).Conclusions & InferencesEsophageal AIM analysis is highly reproducible, independent of an observer's level of experience in esophageal motility. Therefore, AIM analysis produces data that are reliable for clinical and research purposes.
Novel MRI tests of orocecal transit time and whole gut transit time: studies in normal subjects
Authors: Chaddock G. , Lam C. , Hoad C. L. , Costigan C. , Cox E. F. , Placidi E. , Thexton I. , Wright J. , Blackshaw P. E. , Perkins A. C. , Marciani L. , Gowland P. A. , Spiller R. C. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundColonic transit tests are used to manage patients with Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders. Some tests used expose patients to ionizing radiation. The aim of this study was to compare novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tests for measuring orocecal transit time (OCTT) and whole gut transit time (WGT), which also provide data on colonic volumes.Methods21 healthy volunteers participated. Study 1: OCTT was determined from the arrival of the head of a meal into the cecum using MRI and the Lactose Ureide breath test (LUBT), performed concurrently. Study 2: WGT was assessed using novel MRI marker capsules and radio‐opaque markers (ROMs), taken on the same morning. Studies were repeated 1 week later.Key ResultsOCTT measured using MRI and LUBT was 225 min (IQR 180–270) and 225 min (IQR 165–278), respectively, correlation rs = 0.28 (ns). WGT measured using MRI marker capsules and ROMs was 28 h (IQR 4–50) and 31 h ± 3 (SEM), respectively, correlation rs = 0.85 (p < 0.0001). Repeatability assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.45 (p = 0.017) and 0.35 (p = 0.058) for MRI and LUBT OCTT tests. Better repeatability was observed for the WGT tests, ICC being 0.61 for the MRI marker capsules (p = 0.001) and 0.69 for the ROM method (p < 0.001) respectively.Conclusions & InferencesThe MRI WGT method is simple, convenient, does not use X‐ray and compares well with the widely used ROM method. Both OCTT measurements showed modest reproducibility and the MRI method showed modest inter‐observer agreement.
Impairment of the proximal to distal tonic gradient in the human diabetic stomach
Authors: Min Y. W. , Hong Y. S. , Ko E.‐J. , Lee J. Y. , Min B.‐H. , Sohn T. S. , Kim J. J. , Rhee P.‐L. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundLittle has been known about the contractile characteristics of diabetic stomach. We investigated spontaneous contractions and responses to acetylcholine in the gastric muscle in diabetic patients and non‐diabetic control subjects according to the region of stomach.MethodsGastric specimens were obtained from 26 diabetics and 55 controls who underwent gastrectomy at Samsung Medical Center between February 2008 and November 2011. Isometric force measurements were performed using circular muscle strips from the different regions of stomach under basal condition and in response to acetylcholine.Key ResultsBasal tone of control was higher in the proximal stomach than in the distal (0.63 g vs 0.46 g, p = 0.027). However, in diabetics, basal tone was not significantly different between the proximal and distal stomach (0.75 g vs 0.62 g, p = 0.32). The distal stomach of diabetics had higher basal tone and lower frequency than that of control (0.62 g vs 0.46 g, p = 0.049 and 4.0/min vs 4.9/min, p = 0.049, respectively). After exposure to acetylcholine, dose‐dependent increases of basal tone, peak, and area under the curve (AUC) were noticed in both proximal and distal stomach of the two groups. In the proximal stomach, however, the dose‐dependent increase of basal tone and AUC was less prominent in diabetics than in control.Conclusions & InferencesOn the contrary to control, the proximal to distal tonic gradient was not observed in diabetic stomach. Diabetic stomach also had lower frequency of spontaneous contraction in the distal stomach and less acetylcholine‐induced positive inotropic effect in the proximal stomach than control.
Kaempferol 3‐O‐rhamnoside‐7‐O‐rhamnoside is an endogenous flavonol inhibitor of polar auxin transport in Arabidopsis shoots
Authors: Yin Ruohe , Han Kerstin , Heller Werner , Albert Andreas , Dobrev Petre I. , Zažímalová Eva , Schäffner Anton R. 
Published: October 2013

Summary

Polar auxin transport (PAT) plays key roles in the regulation of plant growth and development. Flavonoids have been implicated in the inhibition of PAT. However, the active flavonoid derivative(s) involved in this process in vivo has not yet been identified. Here, we provide evidence that a specific flavonol bis‐glycoside is correlated with shorter plant stature and reduced PAT.

Specific flavonoid‐biosynthetic or flavonoid‐glycosylating steps were genetically blocked in Arabidopsis thaliana. The differential flavonol patterns established were analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and related to altered plant stature. PAT was monitored in stem segments using a radioactive [3H]‐indole‐3‐acetic acid tracer.

The flavonoid 3‐O‐glucosyltransferase mutant ugt78d2 exhibited a dwarf stature in addition to its altered flavonol glycoside pattern. This was accompanied by reduced PAT in ugt78d2 shoots. The ugt78d2‐dependent growth defects were flavonoid dependent, as they were rescued by genetic blocking of flavonoid biosynthesis. Phenotypic and metabolic analyses of a series of mutants defective at various steps of flavonoid formation narrowed down the potentially active moiety to kaempferol 3‐O‐rhamnoside‐7‐O‐rhamnoside. Moreover, the level of this compound was negatively correlated with basipetal auxin transport.

These results indicate that kaempferol 3‐O‐rhamnoside‐7‐O‐rhamnoside acts as an endogenous PAT inhibitor in Arabidopsis shoots.
Body mass index and leukocyte telomere length in adults: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Müezzinler A. , Zaineddin A. K. , Brenner H. 
Published: October 2013

SummaryThe objective of this study was to provide a systematic review and meta‐analysis of studies on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and leukocyte telomere length (LTL). Relevant studies were identified by a systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Knowledge databases. Pooled correlation and regression coefficients were calculated using meta‐analysis methods for both cross‐sectional and longitudinal studies. Studies without suitable data for meta‐analysis were summarized separately. Overall, 29 studies were included, of which 16 were eligible for meta‐analysis, including two longitudinal studies. The majority of studies reported an inverse relationship between BMI and telomere length. For cross‐sectional studies, the pooled estimates for correlation and regression coefficients were −0.057 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.102 to −0.012) and −0.008 kBP kg m−2 (95% CI: −0.016 to 0.000), respectively. The two longitudinal studies were small (70 and 311 subjects), covered different age ranges and yielded inconsistent results. No evidence of any gender difference was observed. Despite some variation between studies and very limited data from longitudinal studies, the results of this meta‐analysis suggest a biologically plausible inverse association between BMI and LTL in adults. However, the associations require clarification, in particular by large longitudinal studies with careful control for possible confounding factors in overall, age‐ and sex‐specific analyses.
Relire La poésie pure (1926) d'Henri Bremond
Authors: Baetens Jan , de Geest Dirk 
Published: October 2013

Dans les discussions littéraires des années 20, au moment où triomphe le désir d'autonomie des écrivains, la notion de « poésie pure » est au cœur de tous les débats. Le concept, toutefois, n'a pas de sens bien défini. D'un côté, la « poésie pure » se distingue par son exploitation de toutes les ressources du langage littéraire. Elle est alors vue comme un contrepoids salutaire au lyrisme traditionnel qui insiste trop lourdement sur le « message » du texte, au détriment de sa forme et de son style. De l'autre côté, la « poésie pure » ouvre aussi la voie d'une expérience poétique d'un type nouveau, presque religieux. Auteur d'une conférence célèbre sur le sujet (1925), Henri Bremond a proposé une réflexion fouillée de la « poésie pure ». Ses textes, pourtant, sont plus cités que lus. La présente étude tente de faire une lecture détaillée de ses principales idées et de les situer dans un contexte européen plus large.
Three patients with mood disorders showing catatonia and frontotemporal lobes atrophy
Authors: Utumi Yushi , Iseki Eizo , Arai Heii 
Published: October 2013

AbstractHere we report the cases of three patients with mood disorders showing catatonia and frontotemporal lobe atrophy. Catatonia is a syndrome linked to frontal dysfunction that most frequently occurs in patients with mood disorders. The diagnostic criteria of catatonia and frontotemporal dementia partly overlap. In the present patients, catatonia might be closely related to frontal dysfunction caused by frontotemporal lobe atrophy. With regard to therapeutics for catatonia, we found that administering a low dose of lorazepam alone or after electroconvulsive therapy may be useful for treating and preventing catatonia. We also found that administering glutaminate antagonists such as memantine may be useful for treating lorazepam‐resistant catatonia.
Are Real GDP Levels Stationary in African Countries?
Authors: Ying Zheng , Dong Chang‐Rui , Chang Hsu‐Ling , Su Chi‐Wei 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn this study, we apply flexible Fourier stationary unit root test proposed by Enders and Lee (2012) to assess the non‐stationary properties of the per capita real gross domestic product (GDP) for 32 African countries. We find that Fourier stationary unit root test has higher power than linear method if the true data‐generating process of per capita real GDP is in fact a stationary nonlinear process of an unknown form with structural change using the low frequency components. We investigate the stationarity of per capita real GDP from the nonlinear point of view and provide robust evidence that clearly indicates that real output is well characterised by a nonlinear, mean‐reverting process, namely Benin, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Senegal, Sierra Leone and South Africa. Our evidence points that these seven countries are nonlinear stationary, implying that per capita real GDP follows a steady rate of growth, and policy innovations then have temporary effects. These results have important policy implications for African countries.
Intravenous immunoglobulin‐induced haemolysis: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Desborough M. J. , Miller J. , Thorpe S. J. , Murphy M. F. , Misbah S. A. 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARYObjectivesTo review the incidence and clinical features of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg)‐induced haemolysis.BackgroundHaemolysis can be a severe complication of IVIg administration. It is due to the passive transfer of blood group antibodies and may result in significant anaemia and renal failure.MethodsWe report a case of severe IVIg‐induced haemolysis; review the data reported to vigilance groups (The Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, European Union Drug Regulatory Authorities, Food and Drug Administration and the Canada Vigilance Centre) between January 1998 and May 2012; and systematically review IVIg‐induced haemolysis case reports (between January 1948 and January 2013).ResultsNine hundred‐twenty five cases of IVIg‐induced haemolysis were identified from a review of cases reported to vigilance groups; 62 case reports were included in the systematic review. The majority of these were due to administration of doses of at least 2 g kg−1 of IVIg (97%). IVIg‐induced haemolysis was reported most commonly for patients with blood group A (65%) or AB (26%). One case report noted that in two patients with IVIg‐induced haemolysis both received IVIg from the same batch.ConclusionWe make the following recommendations for the management of suspected cases of IVIg‐induced haemolysis:

Stop IVIg infusion and perform tests for haemolysis.
Check titres of anti‐blood group antibodies in IVIg.
Provide supportive management for patient with fluid and/or red blood cell transfusions if necessary.
Consider quarantine of the IVIg batch if found to be high titre for anti‐A/B.
Report reaction to regulatory/vigilance body.
Interference of an algal nutritional supplement with a urinary metabolic screening test for glycosaminoglycans in a dog suspected to have a storage disease
Authors: Sewell Adrian C. , Pankraz Alexander 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe finding of excess urinary glycosaminoglycans (GAG) is the first step in the laboratory diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS). Urinary screening tests are based upon the binding of GAG to dimethylmethylene blue. Alternatively, paper spot tests using toluidine blue are used in human and veterinary laboratory medicine. Positive samples undergo GAG isolation for subsequent characterization. Here, we describe a 3‐year‐old English Cocker Spaniel with a positive urinary GAG test, but without other clinical signs of MPS. Urine samples were strongly positive with the dimethylmethylene blue test, and isolated GAG subjected to electrophoresis on cellulose acetate revealed a band co‐migrating with dermatan sulfate. However, the isolated GAG were resistant to digestion with chondroitinase ABC, suggesting that the band did not represent dermatan sulfate. This was confirmed by mobility of the isolated GAG different from dermatan sulfate on agarose gel electrophoresis. MPS types VI and VII were excluded by enzyme assay. To test the hypothesis of a nutritional source, a healthy control dog was fed the same dog food as the index case. His urine showed a comparable abnormal GAG screening test and electrophoretic pattern. In addition, the analysis of an algal supplement present in the administered dog food showed a similar electrophoretic GAG pattern. The Cocker Spaniel was not available for further testing after withdrawal of the supplement. Algae contain highly sulfated fucans and galactans, and it appears that commercial dog food containing such algal, and possibly other, supplements can give rise to false‐positive urinary MPS screening tests.
Genome Sequence of Growth-Improving Paenibacillus mucilaginosus Strain KNP414
Authors: Lu Jing-Jiang , Wang Jian-Feng , Hu Xiu-Fang 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT

Paenibacillus mucilaginosus
is a critical growth-improving silicate bacterium. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
P. mucilaginosus
strain KNP414. This information will provide us with the opportunity to understand its molecular mechanisms and develop more effective utilization of the strain.
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus: infection dynamics within and between herds
Authors: Klem T. B. , Gulliksen S. M. , Lie K.‐I. , Løken T. , Østerås O. , Stokstad M. 
Published: October 2013

The infection dynamics of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) were studied in randomly selected Norwegian dairy herds. A total of 134 herds were tested twice, six months apart. The herds were classified as positive for BRSV if at least one animal between 150 and 365 days old tested positive for antibodies against BRSV, thereby representing herds that had most likely had the virus present during the previous year. The prevalence of positive herds at the first and second sampling was 34 per cent and at 41 per cent, respectively, but varied greatly between regions. Negative herds were found in close proximity to positive herds. Some of these herds remained negative despite several new infections nearby. Of the herds initially being negative, 42 per cent changed status to positive during the six months. This occurred at the same rate during summer as winter, but a higher rate of animals in the herds was positive if it took place during winter. Of the herds initially being positive, 33 per cent changed to negative. This indicates that an effective strategy to lower the prevalence and the impact of BRSV could be to employ close surveillance and place a high biosecurity focus on the negative herds.