bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zehnfußkrebse – Pioniere der Evolution
Authors: Anger Klaus 
Published: February 2014

AbstractDie ursprünglich marine und auch heute noch vorwiegend im Meer lebende Crustaceen‐Gruppe der Decapoda hat es im Laufe ihrer Evolution geschafft, auch festes Land sowie Süßwasser zu besiedeln. Den mit diesen Lebensräumen verbundenen Stressfaktoren konnten die langlebigen Juvenil‐ und Erwachsenen‐Stadien mit strukturellen und physiologischen Anpassungen entgegengewirken. Sehr viel schwächer ausgeprägt ist die evolutive Anpassungsfähigkeit der ursprünglich planktischen, physiologisch empfindlichen und von planktischer Nahrung abhängigen Larven‐Stadien. Terrestrische und limnische Dekapoden haben verschiedene “Export‐Strategien” entwickelt, die auf ausgeprägten Wanderungen der erwachsenen Weibchen und/oder des ersten Larvenstadiums beruhen und auf eine Stressvermeidung in der Larvalphase hinzielen. Um die Larvalentwicklung ganz im Süßwasser vollenden zu können, müssen schon in frühen Entwicklungsstadien spezielle Strukturen und physiologische Funktionen ausgebildet werden, die der Aufrechterhaltung der osmotischen Homöostase durch Osmoregulation sowie einer Unabhängigkeit von planktischer Nahrung dienen.
Deutsch‐luxemburgische Naturparadiese
Authors: Petrischak Hannes 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIn der Moselaue liegen im saarländisch‐luxemburgischen Grenzgebiet zahlreiche große Kiesweiher, die als Brut‐ und Rastgebiet für Wasservögel eine herausragende Bedeutung haben. Das luxemburgische Naturschutzgebiet “Haff Réimech” bietet aber auch ausgezeichnete Beobachtungsmöglichkeiten für wärmeliebende Libellen. Wildbienen‐Arten, die für Flussauen charakteristisch sind, haben in sandigen Böschungen Ersatzlebensräume gefunden. Weiter nördlich prägen beiderseits der Sauer waldreiche Landschaften mit tiefen Schluchten und hoch aufragenden Felsen aus Sandstein (Unterer Jura) die Grenzregion zwischen Luxemburg und Rheinland‐Pfalz. In Tälern und Klüften begünstigt ein ausgeglichenes, feucht‐kühles Mikroklima atlantisch verbreitete Pflanzen. Insbesondere die Kleine Luxemburger Schweiz ist durch eine reichhaltige Moos‐Flora gekennzeichnet.
Ein Sonnendachs aus Vietnam
Authors: Stefen Clara , Nadler Tilo , Streicher Ulrike , Schwierz Elke , Roos Christian 
Published: February 2014

AbstractSonnendachse der Gattung Melogale sind in weiten Teilen Südost‐Asiens heimisch. Bisher wurden vier Arten unterschieden. Nun wurden im Cuc Phuong Nationalpark (Nord‐Vietnam) zwei Exemplare einer neuen Art (Melogale cucphuongensis) entdeckt und wissenschaftlich beschrieben [1].
Von Vorratsschädlingen und Frühlingsboten: Schmetterlinge
Authors: Petrischak Hannes 
Published: February 2014

AbstractWenn der erste Zitronenfalter durch den Garten fliegt, ist der lang ersehnte Frühling nicht mehr fern. Bunte Falter und gefräßige Raupen begleiten uns fortan durch das Garten‐Jahr. Wie viele Arten man beobachten kann, hängt entscheidend von der Strukturvielfalt, dem Blütenangebot und der Existenz von Raupen‐Nahrungspflanzen ab. Manchmal lohnt es sich schon im Haus, mit einer Schmetterlings‐“Exkursion” zu beginnen.
Review of the validated HPLC and LC‐MS/MS methods for determination of drugs used in clinical practice for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Ponnayyan Sulochana Suresh , Sharma Kuldeep , Mullangi Ramesh , Sukumaran Sathesh Kumar 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological disorder and is the most frequent type of dementia among elderly people. Donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, tacrine and memantine are the US Food and Drug Administration approved oral drugs used in the treatment of AD. Quantitation of these drugs in various biological matrices and monitoring them in long‐term treatment is essential to titer the dose of these drugs and ensure patient compliance. This review provides a comprehensive account of various HPLC and LC‐MS/MS assays, which have been successfully employed to measure the drug levels in various biological matrices arising from preclinical and clinical studies. In addition, this review collates various considerations such as internal standard selection, extraction schemes, matrix effect, selectivity evaluation and optimization of mass spectrometric conditions to enable the development of sound bioanalytical methods for quantitation of Alzheimer's drugs. Overall LC‐MS/MS methods have proven to be the choice of bioanalytical method for the quantification of Alzheimer's drugs in both preclinical and clinical studies. In conclusion, important features of LC‐MS/MS methodology for Alzheimer's drugs include shortened analysis time, increased throughput, selectivity and lower cost of analysis. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A cis‐eQTL of HLA‐DRB1 and a frameshift mutation of MICA contribute to the pattern of association of HLA alleles with cervical cancer
Authors: Chen Dan , Gyllensten Ulf 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe association of classic human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles with risk of cervical cancer has been extensively studied, and a protective effect has consistently been found for DRB1*1301, DQA1*0103, and/or DQB1*0603 (these three alleles are in perfect linkage disequilibrium [LD] and often occur on the same haplotype in Europeans), while reports have differed widely with respect to the effect of HLA‐B*07, DRB1*1501, and/or DQB1*0602 (the last two alleles are also in perfect LD in Europeans). It is not clear whether the reported HLA alleles are responsible for the differences in cervical cancer susceptibility, or if functional variants at other locations within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region may explain the effect. In order to assess the relative contribution of both classic HLA alleles and single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the MHC region to cervical cancer susceptibility, we have imputed classic HLA alleles in 1034 cervical cancer patients and 3948 controls in a Swedish population for an integrated analysis. We found that the protective haplotype DRB1*1301‐DQA1*0103‐DQB1*0603 has a direct effect on cervical cancer and always occurs together with the C allele of a HLA‐DRB1 cis‐eQTL (rs9272143), which increases the expression of HLA‐DRB1. The haplotype rs9272143C‐DRB1*1301‐DQA1*0103‐DQB1*0603 conferred the strongest protection against cervical cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 0.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.32–0.52, P = 6.2 × 10−13). On the other hand, the associations with HLA‐B*0702 and DRB1*1501‐DQB1*0602 are attributable to the joint effects of both the HLA‐DRB1 cis‐eQTL (rs9272143) and a frameshift mutation (G inserion of rs67841474, also known as A5.1) of the MHC class I polypeptide‐related sequence A gene (MICA). Variation in LD between the classic HLA loci, rs9272143 and rs67841474 between populations may explain the different associations of HLA‐B*07 and DRB1*1501‐DQB1*0602 with cervical cancer between studies. The mechanism suggested may also explain similar inconsistent results for other HLA‐associated diseases.
Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio for predicting palliative chemotherapy outcomes in advanced pancreatic cancer patients
Authors: Xue Peng , Kanai Masashi , Mori Yukiko , Nishimura Takafumi , Uza Norimitsu , Kodama Yuzo , Kawaguchi Yoshiya , Takaori Kyoichi , Matsumoto Shigemi , Uemoto Shinji , Chiba Tsutomu 
Published: February 2014

AbstractSeveral previous studies reported that the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) could be a promising prognostic factor for patients with cancer. We aimed to determine the prognostic value of NLR in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (APC) following palliative chemotherapy. We retrospectively reviewed 252 consecutive APC patients receiving palliative chemotherapy between January 2006 and December 2012. We classified the patients according to the pretreatment NLR values (≤5 or >5) into two groups and investigated the difference in treatment outcomes, including time to treatment failure (TTF) and overall survival (OS). A total of 212 patients had pretreatment NLR values of ≤5 (group A), while 40 patients had an NLR of >5 (group B). TTF and OS were significantly shorter in group B than in group A (3.1 vs. 8.7 months and 6.0 vs. 12.8 months, respectively; both P < 0.01). After adjustment for putative prognostic factors, including distant metastasis, status of recurrent/unresectable disease, pretreatment carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 levels, and carcinoembryonic antigen levels using the Cox regression model, elevated pretreatment NLR remained an independent poor prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio, 1.92; 95% confidence interval, 1.27–2.90; P < 0.01). In addition, patients in group B whose NLR dropped to ≤5 before the second cycle of chemotherapy showed longer TTF and OS compared with those whose NLR remained at >5. Our results support the idea that NLR can be a promising prognostic and predictive marker for APC patients receiving palliative chemotherapy.
Treatment‐related complications of radiation therapy after radical prostatectomy: comparative effectiveness of intensity‐modulated versus conformal radiation therapy
Authors: Crandley Edwin F. , Hegarty Sarah E. , Hyslop Terry , Wilson David D. , Dicker Adam P. , Showalter Timothy N. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIntensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is frequently utilized after prostatectomy without strong evidence for an improvement in outcomes compared to conformal radiation therapy (RT). We analyzed a large group of patients treated with RT after radical prostatectomy (RP) to compare complications after IMRT and CRT. The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare database was queried to identify male Medicare beneficiaries aged 66 years or older who underwent prostatectomy with 1+ adverse pathologic features and received postprostatectomy RT between 1995 and 2007. Chi‐square test was used to compare baseline characteristics between the treatment groups. First complication events, based upon administrative procedure or diagnosis codes occurring >1 year after start of RT, were compared for IMRT versus CRT groups. Propensity score adjustment was performed to adjust for potential confounders. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models of time to first complication were performed. A total of 1686 patients were identified who received RT after RP (IMRT = 634, CRT = 1052). Patients treated with IMRT were more likely to be diagnosed after 2004 (P < 0.001), have minimally invasive prostatectomy (P < 0.001) and have positive margins (P = 0.019). IMRT use increased over time. After propensity score adjustment, IMRT was associated with lower rate of gastrointestinal (GI) complications, and higher rate of genitourinary‐incontinence complications, compared to CRT. The observed outcomes after IMRT must be considered when determining the optimal approach for postprostatectomy RT and warrant additional study.
Expanding the Potential of G‐Quadruplex Structures: Formation of a Heterochiral TBA Analogue
Authors: Virgilio Antonella , Varra Michela , Scuotto Maria , Capuozzo Antonella , Irace Carlo , Mayol Luciano , Esposito Veronica , Galeone Aldo 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIn order to expand the potential applications of G‐quadruplex structures, we explored the ability of heterochiral oligodeoxynucleotides based on the thrombin‐binding aptamer (TBA) sequence to fold into similar complexes, with particular focus on their resistance in biological environments. A combination of CD and NMR techniques was used. Similarly to TBA, the ODN ggTTggtgtggTTgg (lower case letters indicate L residues) is able to fold into a chair‐like antiparallel G‐quadruplex structure, but has a slightly higher thermal stability. The discovery that heterochiral ODNs are able to form stable G‐quadruplex structures opens up new possibilities for their development in several fields, as aptamers, sensors and, as recently shown, as catalysts for enantioselective reactions.
OMS‐2 for Aerobic, Catalytic, One‐pot Alcohol Oxidation‐Wittig Reactions: Efficient Access to α,β‐Unsaturated Esters
Authors: Kona Jagadeswara R. , King'ondu Cecil K. , Howell Amy R. , Suib Steven L. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractManganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve (OMS) materials with well‐defined pores have been extensively studied over two decades due to their intriguing chemical and physical properties. OMS‐2, the synthetic cryptomelane form of manganese oxide, was synthesized by a modified reflux method and was found to be highly active for obtaining α,β‐unsaturated esters (up to 95 % yield and with high diastereoselectivities) from a variety of benzyl, heteroaryl, allyl and alkyl alcohols via one‐pot alcohol oxidation‐Wittig reaction. The transformation utilizes air as the stoichiometric oxidant, and the inexpensive catalyst can be recovered and reused.
Single‐Particle Spectroscopy of Alcohol‐to‐Olefins over SAPO‐34 at Different Reaction Stages: Crystal Accessibility and Hydrocarbons Reactivity
Authors: Qian Qingyun , Ruiz‐Martínez Javier , Mokhtar Mohamed , Asiri Abdullah M. , Al‐Thabaiti Shaeel A. , Basahel Suliman N. , Weckhuysen Bert M. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIn situ synchrotron‐based IR and UV/Vis micro‐spectroscopy combined with isotopically labeled reactants have been used to identify the different hydrocarbon species formed as well as to assess the activity and accessibility of individual 50 μm‐sized SAPO‐34 crystals. For the methanol‐to‐olefins process, two reaction stages can be distinguished. The first involves the formation of methoxy species, protonated dimethyl ether, and polyalkylated benzene (PAB) carbocations, which do not affect the accessibility of the SAPO‐34 crystal. In addition, methoxy species are very dynamic during this stage. The second stage is related to the formation of polyaromatic (PA) species concentrated in the outer rim of the crystal, which are bulky and interact with the acid sites and thus alter the overall accessibility of the crystal. In contrast, the ethanol‐to‐olefins process only consists of one major stage, as the formation of PAB and PA species cannot be separated. Furthermore, the formation of these species is more internal, and coke formation is mainly concentrated in a layer located in the inner part of the SAPO‐34 crystal.
Monoamine Oxidase–ω‐Transaminase Cascade for the Deracemisation and Dealkylation of Amines
Authors: O'Reilly Elaine , Iglesias Cesar , Turner Nicholas J. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractHerein we report a one‐pot protocol for the deracemisation of chiral benzylic amines employing a novel monoamine oxidase–ω‐transaminase cascade, allowing access to enantiopure compounds in >99 % ee. We also demonstrate that the same enzymatic cascade can be employed for the dealkylation of secondary amines with >99 % conversion.
Graphene Oxide Catalyzed Dehydration of Fructose into 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural with Isopropanol as Cosolvent
Authors: Wang Hongliang , Kong Qingqiang , Wang Yingxiong , Deng Tiansheng , Chen Chengmeng , Hou Xianglin , Zhu Yulei 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe design of green heterogeneous catalysts for the efficient conversion of biomass into platform molecules is a key aim of sustainable chemistry. Graphene oxide prepared from Hummers oxidation of graphite was proven to be a green and efficient carbocatalyst for the dehydration of fructose into 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in some three‐carbon and four‐carbon alcohol mediated solvent systems. HMF was obtained in up to 87 % yield in 90 vol % isopropanol‐mediated DMSO solvent. Some control experiments and analytical data showed that a small number of sulfonic groups and abundance of oxygen‐containing groups (alcohols, epoxides, carboxylates) have an important synergic effect in maintaining the high performance of graphene oxide.
Aerobic Oxidation of Phenols and Related Compounds using Carbon Nanotube–Gold Nanohybrid Catalysts
Authors: Jawale Dhanaji V. , Gravel Edmond , Geertsen Valérie , Li Haiyan , Shah Nimesh , Namboothiri Irishi N. N. , Doris Eric 
Published: February 2014

AbstractGold nanoparticles supported on carbon nanotubes were investigated as catalysts in the aerobic oxidation of various substrates (phenols, hydroquinones, catechols, aminophenols, and thiols). The nanohybrid system compares favorably with other supported noble metal catalysts in terms of overall efficacy as it operates at room temperature, under air atmosphere (no external oxidant needed), and can readily be recycled.
Electrochemical Genotyping of Single‐Nucleotide Polymorphisms by using Monobase‐Conjugated Modified Nanoparticles
Authors: Mehdi khoshfetrat Seyyed , Mehrgardi Masoud A. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractCurrently, construction of DNA biosensors for single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyping is challenging, particularly in terms of speed and cost. We demonstrate a single platform for genotyping the SNPs by using electrochemical signals of modified nanoparticles (MNPs). To this end, silver and gold nanoparticles (AgNPs and AuNPs) are modified by using cysteine and cysteamine hydrochloride as linkers, respectively. The monobases are subsequently attached to the MNPs through their 5’ phosphate group, forming a phosphoramidate bond with free amino groups of the linkers. Electrooxidation signals of AgNPs and/or 3, 4‐diaminobenzoic acid (DABA) are monitored as analytical signals for SNP genotyping. In the presence of DNA polymerase I (Klenow fragment), the coupling of monobase‐conjugated MNPs (MMNPs) is induced to the mutant sites of duplex DNA, following the Watson–Crick base‐pairing rule, which leads to a substantial change in the signal intensity of MMNPs. The method is able to distinguish complementary targets with a linear dynamic range of 20–1000 pM and 50–1500 pM of mutant DNA, with reliable reproducibility [relative standard deviation (RSD)=5.1 % and stability (RSD=4.2 %). In this study, an accurate, sensitive, fast, and cost‐effective approach for SNP genotyping is introduced.
Rational Design of a Redox‐Labeled Chiral Target for an Enantioselective Aptamer‐Based Electrochemical Binding Assay
Authors: Moreau Julie , Challier Lylian , Lalaoui Noémie , Mavré François , Noël Vincent , Limoges Benoît , Schöllhorn Bernd , Fave Claire 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA series of redox‐labeled L‐tyrosinamide (L‐Tym) derivatives was prepared and the nature of the functional group and the chain length of the spacer were systematically varied in a step‐by‐step affinity optimization process of the tracer for the L‐Tym aptamer. The choice of the labeling position on L‐Tym proved to be crucial for the molecular recognition event, which could be monitored by cyclic voltammetry and is based on the different diffusion rates of free and bound targets in solution. From this screening approach an efficient electroactive tracer emerged. Comparable dissociation constants Kd were obtained for the unlabeled and labeled targets in direct or competitive binding assays. The enantiomeric tracer was prepared and its enantioselective recognition by the corresponding anti‐D‐Tym aptamer was demonstrated. The access to both enantiomeric tracer molecules opens the door for the development of one‐pot determination of the enantiomeric excess when using different labels with well‐separated redox potentials for each enantiomer.
Rational Design of a Face‐Centred Square‐Cuboid Coordination Cage
Authors: Han Muxin , Michel Reent , Clever Guido H. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe simple synthetic conversion of a 90°‐angled bis‐pyridyl ligand into a tripodal tris‐pyridyl ligand leads to the formal transformation of a cubic (a=b=c) into a square‐cuboid (a=b≠c) coordination cage. Mathematical considerations associated with the ligand design, together with X‐ray structure results, NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric characterization and molecular modeling of both coordination cages are presented and discussed.
α‐Halogenoacetanilides as Hydrogen‐Bonding Organocatalysts that Activate Carbonyl Bonds: Fluorine versus Chlorine and Bromine
Authors: Koeller Sylvain , Thomas Coralie , Peruch Fréderic , Deffieux Alain , Massip Stéphane , Léger Jean‐Michel , Desvergne Jean‐Pierre , Milet Anne , Bibal Brigitte 
Published: February 2014

Abstractα‐Halogenoacetanilides (X=F, Cl, Br) were examined as H‐bonding organocatalysts designed for the double activation of CO bonds through NH and CH donor groups. Depending on the halide substituents, the double H‐bond involved a nonconventional CH⋅⋅⋅O interaction with either a HCXn (n=1–2, X=Cl, Br) or a HCAr bond (X=F), as shown in the solid‐state crystal structures and by molecular modeling. In addition, the catalytic properties of α‐halogenoacetanilides were evaluated in the ring‐opening polymerization of lactide, in the presence of a tertiary amine as cocatalyst. The α‐dichloro‐ and α‐dibromoacetanilides containing electron‐deficient aromatic groups afforded the most attractive double H‐bonding properties towards CO bonds, with a NH⋅⋅⋅O⋅⋅⋅HCX2 interaction.
A Versatile and Highly Efficient Method for 1‐Chlorination of Terminal and Trialkylsilyl‐Protected Alkynes
Authors: Gulia Nurbey , Pigulski Bartłomiej , Charewicz Marta , Szafert Sławomir 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA highly efficient one‐pot procedure for the preparation of 1‐chloroalkynes and 1‐chlorobutadiynes from terminal and trialkylsilyl‐protected precursors is reported. This convenient reaction, proceeding under mild conditions, utilizes N‐chlorosuccinimide as the chlorinating agent and tolerates a range of functional groups.
Steady‐State and Pseudo‐Steady‐State Photocrystallographic Studies on Linkage Isomers of [Ni(Et4dien)(η2‐O,ON)(η1‐NO2)]: Identification of a New Linkage Isomer
Authors: Hatcher Lauren E. , Christensen Jeppe , Hamilton Michelle L. , Trincao Jose , Allan David R. , Warren Mark R. , Clarke Ian P. , Towrie Michael , Fuertes Dr Sara , Wilson Charles C. , Woodall Christopher H. , Raithby Paul R. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractAt temperatures below 150 K, the photoactivated metastable endo‐nitrito linkage isomer [Ni(Et4dien)(η2‐O,ON)(η1‐ONO)] (Et4dien=N,N,N′,N′‐tetraethyldiethylenetriamine) can be generated with 100 % conversion from the ground state nitro‐(η1‐NO2) isomer on irradiation with 500 nm light, in the single crystal by steady‐state photocrystallographic techniques. Kinetic studies show the system is no longer metastable above 150 K, decaying back to the ground state nitro‐(η1‐NO2) arrangement over several hours at 150 K. Variable‐temperature kinetic measurements in the range of 150–160 K show that the rate of endo‐nitrito decay is highly dependent on temperature, and an activation energy of Eact=+48.6(4) kJ mol−1 is calculated for the decay process. Pseudo‐steady‐state experiments, where the crystal is continually pumped by the light source for the duration of the X‐ray experiment, show the production of a previously unobserved, exo‐nitrito‐(η1‐ONO) linkage isomer only at temperatures close to the metastable limit (ca. 140–190 K). This exo isomer is considered to be a transient excited‐state species, as it is only observed in data collected by pseudo‐steady‐state methods.