bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Models Issues of Environmental Management
Authors: Pop Viorel 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Today the world is facing, more and more, different sources of pollution, the most affected areas being the proximity of big industrial centers (e.g.: chemistry, mining and metallurgy, machinery building etc.). Baia Mare industrial area is a typical one for such a situation. To maintain a clean and healthy environment in Baia Mare city and in the surrounding areas, important costs are needed. The usefulness of the mathematical models consists in the possibility of mathematical processing of industrial parameters evolutions, with relevant interpretations on various influences and their correction for achieving the set goals (maximizing financial efficiency, environmental protection with the compliance of legal requirements etc.)
Managing the Current Situation of Young People in National and European Context in Terms of their Employment
Authors: Braica Alexandra Patricia 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Assessment and research into this phenomenon of social marginalization and social exclusion of young people at both national and European levels has as a target to find methods of prevention and reduction of this phenomenon and understand the fact that it is only through communication, debates and dialog that will we be able to establish benchmarks for joint action. Young people are one of the age segments which are most affected by the economic recession. It is also accepted that in each of the Member States of the EU, despite different circumstances and levels of economic development, major issues faced by young people are the same: from access to essential services (such as education and health) and up to their integration into the labour market with a view to achieving a higher standard of living. The decision makers are constantly interested in solving these stringent problems, which can be found in the policies and strategies for economic recovery and fighting the austerity measures adopted by the Member States of the EU, through a series of programs that have as main objectives combating unemployment and poverty among young people and providing opportunities for more active involvement in their community life: political, social, economic, cultural. In Romania, the problem of young people constitutes an issue of major importance for the Government, which has drawn up for the first time an Integrated Strategy of Romania with regard to young people called "National Strategy for Youth 2014-2020", with particular emphasis on the first role that education must play in this context. Examples of solutions identified by the governors are: an increase in public funding for mentoring programs, for the prevention of school dropout rates, establishment of differentiated educational offers, training schemes designed to eliminate lack of qualification in young people, in such a way as to maintain a competitive and well-prepared generation in the country
Effectiveness of the Various Mechanisms and Practices in Preventing and Resolving Individual Labour Conflicts in Romania
Authors: Braica Alexandra , Mesaros Serghei 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In our country, the practice of individual labour dispute resolution shows that it predominantly appeals to the courts, to the detriment of alternative mechanisms for individual labour dispute prevention and resolution. Therefore, we believe the focus should be on developing those practices and mechanisms, on the one hand to prevent the emergence of a labour dispute, and on the other hand to steer the conflict settlement through mediation. This paper refers to the existing situation in Romania, in terms of legislation and practice in the field. Promoting programs to increase the institutional capacity of social partners for resolving labour disputes, both individual and collective, would be an approach in accordance with the principles of social dialogue and would really contribute to developing a culture of social dialogue in Romania
Ernst Troeltsch and Contemporary Discourses of Secularization
Authors: Pearson Lori 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis essay analyses Ernst Troeltsch’s writings on Protestantism and modernity in light of recent scholarship on the category of the secular. In his historical work on the relationship of Protestantism to the rise of the modern world, the essay argues, Troeltsch was not engaged primarily in a narrative of secularization; nor does he promote what current scholars call an ideology of secularism. Instead, Troeltsch was exploring how religion (and Protestantism in particular) changes in different cultural contexts, and was intervening in debates in his own society about the political structure, cultural ethos, and future of Germany. The essay therefore cautions against the hasty projection of concepts like secularism and secularization as theorized today back onto the works of nineteenth-century thinkers such as Troeltsch. The political and cultural concerns that animate Troeltsch’s work can be better captured by a more subtle understanding of the multiple meanings of abstract categories (such as Verweltlichung, Diesseitigkeit, and Säkularisation) in their own intellectual-historical contexts.
Scepticism and CredulityVictorian Critiques of John Henry Newman’s Religious Apologetic
Authors: Zuijdwegt Geertjan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe present article uncovers a pervasive strand of Victorian critique of John Henry Newman’s religious apologetic. The exponents of this critique maintained that Newman defended a credulous adherence to Catholic doctrine on the basis of a sceptical approach to knowledge. The origins of this critical tradition are to be located in Tractarian Oxford, most notably in the disputes on religious epistemology between Newman and the Oriel Noetics, and the controversy over Newman’s
Telling the Story. But How?
Authors: Schwarz Hans 
Published: June 2015

AbstractJames C. Livingston (1930–2011) was a longtime participant in the Nineteenth Century Theology Group of the American Academy of Religion and author and editor of numerous books includingDividing history into centuries remains arbitrary. Therefore the boundaries must remain fluid. Both to names and movements to be included in the narrative, they must have made some impact beyond their own denominational and/or geographical boundaries. While the marginalized should not be forgotten, intellectual honesty requires to note that the nineteenth century allowed little or no space for them. The same is true with the global scene. The purpose of writing history of the nineteenth century should be to remind us that without being rooted in the past, we have little grounding in the present. We are simply adrift on the waves of the present. Moreover, our own theology would hang suspended in midair without regard to its inception and development.
The Influence of Aristotelian Rhetoric on J.H. Newman’s Epistemology
Authors: Meszaros Andrew 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe article examines the influence of Aristotelian rhetorical theory on the epistemology of Newman. This influence is established on historical grounds and by similarity of content. Specifically, the article sheds light on how the rhetorical notions of ethos, logos, and pathos are all implicitly incorporated into Newman’s theory of knowledge concerning the concrete. The section on rhetorical ethos focuses on Newman’s appeal to the “prudent man.” Concerning logos, particular attention is paid to the rhetorical enthymeme and in what sense Newman’s method of argument (Informal and Natural Inference) can justifiably be described as enthymematic. Pathos, in turn, is shown to be significant for the way in which Newman views the subjective dimension of the individual’s coming to knowledge. The rhetorical rationality that emerges sets the stage for clarifying, in another context, other more theological themes in Newman’s writings, such as his religious apologetic, his understanding of tradition, and even his Christology.
Theology at the Olympics: St Louis 1904 and London 2012
Authors: Chapman Mark 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis paper contrasts the London Olympics of 2012 with the St Louis Games of 1904 in the context of their cultural and historical context, especially the World’s Fair (the Louisiana Purchase Exposition). What I suggest is that the 1904 World’s Fair, with its supporting academic congress at which Adolf von Harnack and Ernst Troeltsch lectured, played a modest part in the early phases of the deabsolutization of western culture, together with the Christianity upon which it was constructed. Despite the widespread patronizing and racialist atti­tudes in St Louis, the sheer variety and breadth of cultures seen by millions demonstrated a cultural relativism that was emerging as a serious approach to anthropology and other branches of knowledge, including theology. The fruits of such a deabsolutization can perhaps be glimpsed in the gradual transformation of the absolutes of western religion through the twentieth century into the new universals of nationhood and sport, both of which clearly coalesce in the contemporary version of the Olympic Games. I conclude by suggesting that sport and national myths may be the only universals that will have the strength to survive into the future. Of the two, the modern Olympic ideal seems better suited to promoting harmony between peoples than most national myths.
The Aesthetic Foundations of Romantic Mythology: Karl Philipp Moritz
Authors: Hampton Alexander J. B. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractLargely neglected today, the work of Karl Philipp Moritz was a highly influential source for Early German Romanticism. Moritz considered the form of myth as essential to the absolute nature of the divine subject. This defence was based upon his aesthetic theory, which held that beautiful art was “disinterested”, or complete in itself. For Moritz, Myth, like art, constitutes a totality providing an idiom free from restriction in the imitation of the divine. This examination offers a consideration of Moritz’s aesthetics and mythography, before turning briefly to consider his influence on the authors of Early German Romanticism. An understanding of the role of Moritz’s thought supports a number of recent claims (Frank, Beiser, Bowie) that challenge the conventional reading of Romanticism. At the same time it allows us to see Romanticism’s unconventional realist theological programme, permitting us to overcome the problematic secularising readings of the movement. I would like to thank Kurt Mueller-Vollmer (Stanford), as well as Fredrick Beiser (Syracuse) and Lars Fischer (Cambridge) for their help with this project.
Effect of Hardness and Surface Roughness on Slip Resistance of Rubber
Authors: Mohan Ranganathan , Das Bhabendra Nath , Sundaresan Raja 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Slip resistance is now considered a primary property for footwear. Continuous attempts are being made to design the footwear with suitable materials to provide sufficient grip under the foot at workplaces, on pedestrian pathways, and in the home to reduce slip, trip, and fall accidents. In footwear, the type of sole used, along with the bottom profile, made with the correct design of cleats and drain channel, is greatly influencing slip resistance. In this study, the influence of shore hardness and surface roughness of rubber soling material on slip resistance under dry, wet, detergent, and oil-floor conditions were made at five different slip speeds. The instrument used for this entire study was dynamic slip-resistance test equipment (SATRA Model, STM 603). The overall friction coefficient is caused by the boundary lubrication effect, as the dilute fluids do not have a significant effect on hysteresis, but do affect the adhesion component. This trend of coefficient of friction (COF) is observed in all flooring conditions. Increasing the sliding speed decreases the COF for all four flooring conditions. In the dry flooring condition, the COF is ~1.0 for sole hardness between 65 and 75, and the COF is about 0.50 for shore hardness above 85. Rubber soles with a surface roughness of 221.19 root mean square (rms) (nm) registers a COF of 1.0, whereas soles having a surface roughness of 37.37 rms (nm) registers a COF of ~0.50. For rubber sole material with less hardness, reduction of the COF for dry and wet condition is ~7 %, for detergent contaminants, the reduction is about 30 %, and, for the oil-floor condition, the reduction is 88 %. There is a marked reduction in COF when tested with different sliding speeds; the difference for dry and wet tests is ~7 %–8 % when increasing the speed from 0.1 m/s to 0.5 m/s. But this difference is found to be 10 % for detergent solution and 28 % for oil.
Compressive Testing of Ductile High-Strength Alloys
Authors: Affolter Christian , Müller Ulrich , Leinenbach Christian , Weisse Bernhard 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Compression testing of metal alloys is a basic procedure in material characterization and analysis. Though it follows many of the guidelines and physical considerations as tensile testing, in some respects compression testing implies more complexity, more difficulties, and, consequently, more possible causes for inaccuracy compared to tensile testing. Hence, compressive testing is applied much less than the standard tensile tests, unless the load case is requiring specific test data from compression, e.g., when brittle or cast alloys are applied. Ductile metals compressed to high strains require further consideration when the yield strength in compression, the compressive strength, or even the full flow curve for plasticity must be identified. A sophisticated test procedure for compression testing of ductile metals in the plasticity range has been developed and is presented. It allows the determination of elastic modulus, yield strength, and flow curve up to high strains. The procedure was evaluated with comparative tensile tests on identical specimens and with a round-robin test with a testing-machine manufacturer. Further considerations for compression testing and for the strain measurement are presented.
Rolling Effect on Serrated Flow in an Al-Li-Cu-Mg Alloy Plate
Authors: Doglione R. , Ashtiani P. Haghi , Berdin C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The occurrence of serrated flow has been studied experimentally in a commercial aluminium Al-Li-Cu-Mg alloy (8090). A 12-mm thick rolled plate with marked textures, with difference between the surface layer and the core, was chosen to obtain some insight into the effect of texture on serrated flow. Tension tests have shown that the serrations are more intense in the core than in the surface layer. Microstructural investigations were performed to explain this behavior.
Effect of the presence of remnant thyroid tissue on the serum thyroid hormone balance in thyroidectomized patients
Authors: Ito Mitsuru , Miyauchi Akira , Kang Shino , Hisakado Mako , Yoshioka Waka , Ide Akane , Kudo Takumi , Nishihara Eijun , Kihara Minoru , Ito Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Kaoru , Miya Akihiro , Fukata Shuji , Nakamura Hirotoshi , Amino Nobuyuki 
Published: June 2015

ObjectiveWe and others recently reported that in total thyroidectomy (TT), serum triiodothyronine (T3) levels during levothyroxine (l-T4) therapy were low compared to the preoperative levels, suggesting that the presence of the thyroid tissue affects the balances of serum thyroid hormone levels. However, the effects of remnant thyroid tissue on these balances in thyroidectomized patients have not been established.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 253 euthyroid patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma who underwent a TT or hemithyroidectomy (HT). We divided the cases into the TT+supplementall-T4(+l-T4) group (n=103); the HT+l-T4group (n=56); and the HT-alone group (n=94). We compared the postoperative serum levels of free T4(FT4) and free T3(FT3) and the FT3/FT4ratio in individual patients with those of controls matched by serum TSH levels.ResultsThe TT+l-T4group had significantly higher FT4(P<0.001), lower FT3(P<0.01) and lower FT3/FT4(P<0.001) levels compared to the controls. The HT+l-T4group had FT4, FT3and FT3/FT4levels equivalent to those of the controls. The HT-alone group had significantly lower FT4(P<0.01), equivalent FT3(P=0.083), and significantly higher FT3/FT4(P<0.001) ratios than the controls.ConclusionsThe presence of the remnant thyroid tissue was associated with different thyroid hormone balances in thyroidectomized patients, suggesting that T3production by remnant thyroid tissue has a substantial effect on the maintenance of postoperative serum T3levels.
Needle‐stick dengue virus infection in a health‐care worker at a Japanese hospital
Authors: Ohnishi Kenji 
Published: June 2015

Needle‐stick dengue virus infection in a health‐care worker at a Japanese hospital: Kenji Ohnishi. Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh General HospitalObjectivesAbout 160 patients in Japan were infected with dengue virus by mosquito's bites in the summer and autumn of 2014. In this report, I describe a case of occupational dengue virus infection by needle‐stick injury from the 1990s to alert health‐care workers to the fact that dengue virus is among the causative agents responsible for occupational infectious disease even in Japan.CaseA Japanese female in her thirties, a nurse at our hospital in Tokyo, was admitted to our hospital in January 1992 three days after the onset of fever, headache, and general malaise. She had never been overseas. Five days before the onset of her symptoms, she had pricked her finger with an injection needle used to draw blood from a febrile patient infected with dengue virus. She was diagnosed with dengue virus infection based on three findings: detection of the dengue virus genome in serum, isolation of dengue virus from serum, and serum samples positive for IgM antibodies against dengue virus.ConclusionsThe patient contracted dengue virus infection via a needle‐stick injury at our hospital. Although this occurred more than two decades ago, in 1992, health‐care workers should still be mindful of the risk of dengue virus infection via needle‐stick injury even in Japan.
Screening for Celiac Disease in Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pham-Short Anna , Donaghue Kim C. , Ambler Geoffrey , Phelan Helen , Twigg Stephen , Craig Maria E. 
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Prevalence rates of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CD) vary from 1.6% to 16.4% worldwide. Screening guidelines are variable and not evidence based. Our aim was to conduct a systematic review of CD in T1D.

METHODS:
Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched. Studies were limited to those in English and in humans. We selected longitudinal cohort studies screening for CD in T1D with at least 5 years of follow-up. Screening rates, characteristics, and prevalence of biopsy-proven CD in people with T1D were extracted.

RESULTS:
We identified 457 nonduplicate citations; 48 were selected for full-text review. Nine longitudinal cohort studies in 11 157 children and adolescents with 587 cases of biopsy-proven CD met the inclusion criteria. Median follow-up was 10 years (range: 5–18 years). The weighted pooled prevalence of CD was 5.1% (95% confidence interval: 3.1–7.4%). After excluding 41 cases with CD onset before T1D, CD was diagnosed in 218 of 546 (40%) subjects within 1 year, in 55% within 2 years, and in 79% within 5 years of diabetes duration. Two studies (478 cases) reported higher rates of CD in children aged &lt;5 years at T1D diagnosis. The duration of follow-up varied across the included studies. CD screening frequency progressively decreased with increased T1D duration.

CONCLUSIONS:
Because most cases of CD are diagnosed within 5 years of T1D diagnosis, screening should be considered at T1D diagnosis and within 2 and 5 years thereafter. CD screening should be considered at other times in patients with symptoms suggestive of CD. More research is required to determine the screening frequency beyond 5 years of diabetes duration.
Exclusive Breastfeeding and Risk of Dental Malocclusion
Authors: Peres Karen Glazer , Cascaes Andreia Morales , Peres Marco Aurelio , Demarco Flavio Fernando , Santos Iná Silva , Matijasevich Alicia , Barros Aluisio J.D. 
Published: June 2015

OBJECTIVES:
The distinct effect of exclusive and predominant breastfeeding on primary dentition malocclusions is still unclear. We hypothesized that exclusive breastfeeding presents a higher protective effect against malocclusions than predominant breastfeeding and that the use of a pacifier modifies the association between breastfeeding and primary dentition malocclusions.

METHODS:
An oral health study nested in a birth cohort study was conducted at age 5 years (N = 1303). The type of breastfeeding was recorded at birth and at 3, 12, and 24 months of age. Open bite (OB), crossbite, overjet (OJ), and moderate/severe malocclusion (MSM) were assessed. Poisson regression analyses were conducted by controlling for sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics, sucking habits along the life course, dental caries, and dental treatment.

RESULTS:
Predominant breastfeeding was associated with a lower prevalence of OB, OJ, and MSM, but pacifier use modified these associations. The same findings were noted between exclusive breastfeeding and OJ and between exclusive breastfeeding and crossbite. A lower prevalence of OB was found among children exposed to exclusive breastfeeding from 3 to 5.9 months (33%) and up to 6 months (44%) of age. Those who were exclusively breastfed from 3 to 5.9 months and up to 6 months of age exhibited 41% and 72% lower prevalence of MSM, respectively, than those who were never breastfed.

CONCLUSIONS:
A common risk approach, promoting exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months of age to prevent childhood diseases and disorders, should be an effective population strategy to prevent malocclusion.
Car Seat Screening for Low Birth Weight Term Neonates
Authors: Davis Natalie L. 
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Car seat tolerance screening (CSTS) is a common predischarge assessment of neonates. Almost half of nurseries and NICUs have low birth weight (LBW, &lt;2.5 kg) as an inclusion criterion, regardless of birth gestational age (GA). Little is known about the epidemiology of CSTS in this cohort. The objective of this study was to identify incidence and risk factors for CSTS failure in term LBW infants.METHODS:This was a retrospective medical record review of 220 full-term LBW infants qualifying for CSTS over a 4-year period between January 2010 to December 2013. We described CSTS results and performed bivariate analyses to evaluate for predictors of failure.RESULTS:Overall failure incidence was 4.8%. There were no differences between those who passed and those who failed based on birth weight, birth GA, race, gender, Apgar scores, respiratory support requirements, magnesium exposure, corrected GA, or weight at the time of CSTS. Maternal urine toxicology positive for opiates was found to be a significant predictor of CSTS failure. Of the 9 subjects who failed, 2 had a specific diagnosis identified (Prader–Willi syndrome and long QT syndrome) after a failed CSTS prompted closer examination and workup before discharge.CONCLUSIONS:We found a similar incidence of failure for full-term LBW infants as has been previously reported for preterm infants. The infants who failed were more likely to have mothers who tested positive for opiates before delivery. Epidemiologic data are provided to help guide future CSTS policies and protocol development for this group.