bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple Interaction Forces Construct Two‐Dimensional Self‐assembly Kagome Lattices on Au(111)
Authors: Zhang Yong , Lu Jianchen , Gao Wuyi , Zhang Yi , Li Nianqiang , Li Shicheng , Niu Gefei , Fu Boyu , Gao Lei , Cai Jinming 
Published: July 2024

Comprehensive SummaryKagome lattices have garnered significant attention due to their promising applications in catalysis, electronics, and magnetics. Although many efforts have been paid to the design and synthesis of Kagome lattices, there is a limited focus on constructing this lattice by multiple interaction forces. In this work, we employ 2,7‐dibromo‐carbazole as precursors to successfully fabricate the two‐dimensional self‐assembly Kagome lattices stabled by multiple interaction forces on Au(111) substrate. Using low‐temperature scanning tunneling microscopy, non‐contact atomic force microscopy and density functional theory calculation, we visualize and identify the four interaction forces within Kagome lattices: Au—N coordination bonds, Au—H hydrogen bonds, Br—Br halogen bonds, and Br—H hydrogen bonds, respectively. This study provides a basic understanding for designing and constructing more complex Kagome lattices.
2D MXene Biomaterials for Catalytic Medical Applications
Authors: Song Ziying , Wang Lin , Chen Liang , Chen Yu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn recent years, two‐dimensional transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, termed as MXenes, have been widely applied in energy storage, photocatalysis and biomedicine owing to their unique physicochemical properties of large specific surface area, high electrical conductivity, excellent optical performance, good stability, etc. Moreover, due to their strong light absorption capacity in the first and second near‐infrared bio‐window, and their ability of being simply functionalized with multiple organic/inorganic materials, MXene biomaterials have shown great potential in the field of catalytic therapy. This review will summarize the common catalytic mechanism of MXene biomaterials and their latest applications in catalytic medicine such as tumor therapy, antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory, and present the current challenges and opportunities in clinical translation for future development to promote the advancement of MXene biomaterials in the field of catalytic medicine.
Cardiovascular safety of pimitespib in patients with advanced solid tumors: An open‐label, nonrandomized, phase 1 study
Authors: Naoki Katsuhiko , Igawa Satoshi , Uojima Haruki , Tsumura Hideyasu , Sengoku Norihiko , Karayama Masato , Shimomura Akihiko , Ohtake Tohru , Shio Yutaka , Hosokawa Ayumu , Komatsu Yoshito , Kumagai Yuji 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundPimitespib (TAS‐116), a first‐in‐class, oral, selective heat‐shock protein 90 inhibitor, is approved as fourth‐line treatment for gastrointestinal stromal tumors in Japan. This phase 1 study evaluated the cardiac safety of pimitespib.MethodsIn this open‐label, nonrandomized, multicenter study, Japanese patients (aged ≥20 years) with refractory, advanced solid tumors received placebo on day −1, then pimitespib 160 mg daily on days 1–5 of the cardiac safety evaluation period. Electrocardiograms were conducted at baseline, and on days −2, −1, 1, and 5; and blood samples were collected on days 1 and 5. Patients then received once‐daily pimitespib for 5 days every 3 weeks. The primary end point was the time‐matched difference in QT interval corrected for heart rate using the Fridericia correction (QTcF) between pimitespib and placebo. Pharmacokinetics, safety, and preliminary efficacy were also assessed.ResultsOf the 22 patients in the cardiac safety‐evaluable population, no clinically relevant QTc prolongation was observed; the upper bound of the one‐sided 95% confidence interval for the time‐matched difference in change from baseline in QTcF was <20 msec at all time points on days 1 and 5. Pimitespib pharmacokinetic parameters were consistent with previous data, and the time‐matched difference in change from baseline in QTcF showed no marked increase as plasma concentrations increased. The safety profile was acceptable; 40% of patients experienced grade 3 or greater adverse drug reactions, mostly diarrhea (20%). The median progression‐free survival was 3.1 months.ConclusionsIn Japanese patients with refractory, advanced solid tumors, pimitespib was not associated with clinically relevant QTc prolongation, and there were no cardiovascular safety concerns.Plain Language Summary

Pimitespib is a new anticancer drug that is being used to treat cancer in the stomach or intestines (gastrointestinal stromal tumors).
This study demonstrated that pimitespib had no marked effect on heart rhythm or negative effects on the heart or blood vessels and had promising anticancer effects in Japanese patients with advanced solid tumors who were unable to tolerate or benefit from standard treatment.
Machine Learning‐Based Prediction of Supercapacitor Capacitance for MgCo2O4 Electrodes
Authors: Tang Mengfan , Ding Yue , Hu Tanwei , Zhu Xiaolong , Zheng Guang , Tian Yu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractElectrode materials are essential in the electrochemical process of storing charge in supercapacitors and have a significant impact on the cost and capacitive performance of the final product. Hence, it is imperative to make precise predictions regarding the capacitance of electrode materials in order to further the development of supercapacitors. MgCo2O4, with a theoretical capacitance of up to 3122 F g−1, holds immense research value as an electrode material. The objective of this study is to predict the capacitance of MgCo2O4 with high accuracy. This will be achieved by extracting numerous data from published papers and using some parameters as input features. The Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) method was employed, using Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and Regression Tree (RT) as selectors to identify the optimal feature subset. Then, combining them with these three regression models to construct nine machine learning (ML) models. After performance evaluation and outlier analysis, the XGB‐RFE‐XGB model achieved R‐squared (R2), root mean squared error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.95, 111.83 F g−1 and 68.25 F g−1, respectively, demonstrating its stability and reliability. Therefore, the XGB‐RFE‐XGB model can be used as a reliable predictive tool in subsequent experimental designs.
Growth and Optical Properties of Yellow Luminescent [Epy]2[CuBr3] Single Crystals Based on Self Trapping States
Authors: Chen Xinxin , Zhu Shujun , Han Jiali , Zhao Tao , Pan Jianguo , Pan Shangke 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe low‐dimensional organic‐inorganic lead halide compound has garnered significant attention in recent times due to its exceptional optoelectronic properties. However, its application in the field of optoelectronics has been hindered by the toxicity of lead. Here, a novel inorganic‐organic compound [Epy]2[CuBr3] single crystal material with a 0D structure based on Cu(I) is introduced. The single crystal exhibits a broad band yellow luminescence, a significant Stokes shift, and a microsecond‐scale photoluminescence (PL) lifetime, which is mainly attributed to the self‐trapped excitons (STEs) excitation. In addition, the relevant PL spectra are measured at 78–348 K. The photoluminescence intensity decreases with increasing temperature due to strong electro‐phonon coupling. The exciton binding energy Eb of the crystal is 76.43 meV, and the Huang‐Rhys factor S is 40.55. It is worth noting that the crystal also shows a good response to X‐rays. Overall, [Epy]2[CuBr3] displays its good potential.
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and earnings management: A structured literature review with a focus on contextual factors
Authors: Velte Patrick 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe link between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and earnings management represents an attractive empirical research topic in recent years. In view of the heterogeneous research results, the purpose of this structured literature review is to analyze the contextual factors of this complex relationship. We selected 107 quantitative peer‐reviewed archival studies on that topic and explain a possible positive and negative link between CSR and earnings management by the moral licensing hypothesis (principal agent theory) and the moral track hypothesis (stakeholder theory). We focus on firm‐ and country‐related moderator effects as contextual factors. Country‐specific studies are separated in developed (Anglo‐American and Continental European settings) and developing countries (African and Asian settings), code and case law regimes as well as the degree of shareholder protection and legal enforcement. In line with stakeholder theory, we stress that most of the included studies found a negative impact of CSR on earnings management with a focus on CSR performance and accruals‐based earnings management. Other measures, for example, CSR reporting, sub‐pillars of CSR performance, and real earnings management, are inconclusive due to reduced research activity. We do not find any structural changes between developed and developing countries, case and code law regimes, and regarding the strength of shareholder protection and legal enforcement. However, there are clear indications that corporate and country governance strengthens (weakens) the negative (positive) influence of CSR on earnings management. We stress major limitations of prior research and formulate useful recommendations for future research.
Developing Catalysts for Membrane Electrode Assemblies in High Performance Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Water Electrolyzers
Authors: Jeon Sun Seo , Lee Wonjae , Jeon Hyeseong , Lee Hyunjoo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractExtensive research is underway to achieve carbon neutrality through the production of green hydrogen via water electrolysis, powered by renewable energy. Polymer membrane water electrolyzers, such as proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) and anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE), are at the forefront of this research. Developing highly active and durable electrode catalysts is crucial for commercializing these electrolyzers. However, most research is conducted in half‐cell setups, which may not fully represent the catalysts’ effectiveness in membrane‐electrode‐assembly (MEA) devices. This review explores the catalysts developed for high‐performance PEMWE and AEMWE MEA systems. Only the catalysts reporting on the MEA performance were discussed in this review. In PEMWE, strategies aim to minimize Ir use for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) by maximizing activity, employing metal oxide‐based supports, integrating secondary elements into IrOx lattices, or exploring non‐Ir materials. For AEMWE, the emphasis is on enhancing the performance of NiFe‐based and Co‐based catalysts by improving electrical conductivity and mass transport. Pt‐based and Ni‐based catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in AEMWE are also examined. Additionally, this review discusses the unique considerations for catalysts operating in pure water within AEMWE systems.
Sustainable Production of Biofuels from Biomass Feedstocks Using Modified Montmorillonite Catalysts
Authors: Ban Lin , Wu Deyu , Sun Dalin , Zhou Heng , Wang Hao , Zhang Heng , Charles Xu Chunbao , Yang Song 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe rampant exploitation of fossil fuels has led to the significant energy scarcity and environmental disruption, affecting the sound momentum of development and progress of human civilization. To build a closed‐loop anthropogenic carbon cycle, development of biofuels employing sustainable biomass feedstocks stands at the forefront of advancing carbon neutrality, yet its widespread adoption is mainly hampered by the high production costs. Montmorillonite, however, has garnered considerable attention serving as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst of ideal economic feasibility for biofuel production, primarily due to its affordability, accessibility, stability, and excellent plasticity. Up to now, nevertheless, it has merely received finite concerns and interests in production of various biofuels using montmorillonite‐based catalysts. There is no timely and comprehensive review that addresses this latest relevant progress. This review fills the gap by providing a systematically review and summary in controllable synthesis, performance enhancement, and applications related to different kinds of biofuels including biodiesel, biohydrogenated diesel, levulinate, γ‐valerolactone, 5‐ethoxymethylfurfural, gaseous biofuels (CO, H2), and cycloalkane, by using montmorillonite catalysts and its modified forms. Particularly, this review critically depicts the design strategies for montmorillonite, illustrates the relevant reaction mechanisms, and assesses their economic viability, realizing sustainable biofuels production via efficient biomass valorization. Overall, this may offer valuable insights into cost‐effective biofuel production and proposes strategic recommendations for advancement of montmorillonite applications and future biofuel development.
BMP4 regulates asymmetric Pkd2 distribution in mouse nodal immotile cilia and ciliary mechanosensing required for left–right determination
Authors: Katoh Takanobu A. , Lange Tim , Nakajima Yoshiro , Yashiro Kenta , Okada Yasushi , Hamada Hiroshi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundMouse nodal immotile cilia mechanically sense the bending direction for left–right (L–R) determination and activate the left‐side‐specific signaling cascade, leading to increased Nodal activity. Asymmetric distribution of Pkd2, a crucial channel for L–R determination, on immotile cilia has been reported recently. However, the causal relationship between the asymmetric Pkd2 distribution and direction‐dependent flow sensing is not well understood. Furthermore, the underlying molecular mechanism directing this asymmetric Pkd2 distribution remains unclear.ResultsThe effects of several recombinant proteins and inhibitors on the Pkd2 distribution were analyzed using super‐resolution microscopy. Notably, bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) affected the Pkd2 distribution. Additionally, three‐dimensional manipulation of nodal immotile cilia using optical tweezers revealed that excess BMP4 caused defects in the mechanosensing ability of the cilia.ConclusionsExperimental data together with model calculations suggest that BMP4 regulates the asymmetric distribution of Pkd2 in nodal immotile cilia, thereby affecting the ability of these cilia to sense the bending direction for L–R determination. This study, for the first time, provides insight into the relationship between the asymmetric protein distribution in cilia and their function.
Comparison between capillary electrophoresis and fluorescence anisotropy competitive immunoassay for glucagon
Authors: Wang Yao , Skinner Emily L. , Roper Michael G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGlucagon plays a crucial role in regulating glucose homeostasis; unfortunately, the mechanisms controlling its release are still unclear. Capillary electrophoresis (CE)‐ and fluorescence anisotropy (FA)‐immunoassays (IA) have been used for online measurements of hormone secretion on microfluidic platforms, although their use in glucagon assays is less common. We set out to compare a glucagon‐competitive IA using these two techniques. Theoretical calibration curves were generated for both CE‐ and FA–IA and results indicated that CE‐IA provided higher sensitivity than FA–IA. These results were confirmed in an experiment where both assays showed limits of detection (LOD) of 30 nM, but the CE‐IA had ∼300‐fold larger sensitivity from 0 to 200 nM glucagon. However, in online experiments where reagents were mixed within the device, the sensitivity of the CE‐IA was reduced ∼3‐fold resulting in a higher LOD of 70 nM, whereas the FA–IA remained essentially unchanged. This lowered sensitivity in the online CE‐IA was likely due to poor sampling by electroosmotic flow from the high salt solution necessary in online experiments, whereas pressure‐based sampling used in FA–IA was not affected. We conclude that FA–IA, despite lowered sensitivity, is more suitable for online mixing scenarios due to the ability to use pressure‐driven flow and other practical advantages such as the use of larger channels.
Experimental and numerical investigations of secondary granular flow
Authors: Wang Jianxin , Liu Chuanzheng , Fan Yunyun , Zhang Feng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAmong the geological disasters in the form of granular flow, the secondary slide mass is often neglected, potentially leading to unexpected losses. Results indicate that under conditions of a certain sliding total mass, the secondary granular flow in the deposition area is significantly influenced by pre‐formed deposits when tested in a flow flume. When the initial sliding mass is small and the mass ratio of two slides is less than 12.5%, the secondary sliding mass expands the runout distance, thereby increasing potential harm. To elucidate the interaction between the secondary sliding mass and the previously formed deposition, DEM (the discrete element method) was employed based on experimental tests.. The numerical results show that the previous deposition effectively blocks the secondary granular flow. When the initial sliding mass is small, the front edge of the second slide may overtop the previous deposition, extending the runout distance by impact, extrusion, and pushing. The DEM proves to be a reliable and effective tool for studying the secondary granular flow, revealing complex phenomena and processes that complement experimental research. This study provides valuable references for a more in‐depth understanding of multi‐phase continuous disaster processes.
A moderated mediation model of the relationship between Indian elementary school teachers' autonomy and perceived ease of ICT use
Authors: Kundu Arnab , Bej Tripti 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the 21st century, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is a critical component of innovative teaching and learning. This study looked at the impact of teachers' autonomy on their perceived ease of using ICT and the intricate relationship between the two, involving their self‐efficacy, job satisfaction, and perceived incentives to change. Using a descriptive survey approach, 311 (134 female) Indian elementary school teachers participated in the study and provided self‐reported data. A structural equation model was employed to test the mediating roles of self‐efficacy and job satisfaction, and the moderation of perceived incentives. The results affirmed that teacher autonomy had a direct and moderately positive effect on their perceived ease of ICT use. Self‐efficacy and job satisfaction significantly and partially mediated the indirect relationships between autonomy and ease of ICT use. In the three relationship paths the perceived incentive to change had a significantly positive moderation to catalyze the relationships. Considering Indian elementary school teachers' glaring lack of autonomy, this paper suggests a policy shift involving greater teacher autonomy and the use of incentives for improved efficacy, job satisfaction, and ICT use. The relationship matrix will serve as a reference for researchers and practitioners to gain a deeper understanding of the role of teacher autonomy in addressing the global issue of limited adoption and integration of ICT by school teachers.
Innovative postharvest strategies for maintaining the quality of kiwifruit during storage: An updated review
Authors: Xia Yu , Wu Ding‐Tao , Ali Maratab , Liu Yi , Zhuang Qi‐Guo , Wadood Syed Abdul , Liao Qiu‐Hong , Liu Hong‐Yan , Gan Ren‐You 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBeing a respiratory climacteric fruit, kiwifruit is susceptible to age and decay rapidly in the postharvest stage. Therefore, the development of efficient postharvest methods to maintain the kiwifruit quality has been a long‐standing goal. This review summarizes the preservation and disease control methods of kiwifruit conducted over the past 5 years, and the characteristics, advantages, and action mechanisms of various methods are thoroughly discussed. Physical, chemical, and biotechnological methods, such as low‐temperature, essential oil, and endophytic yeast treatment, can enhance postharvest kiwifruit quality to a certain extent by controlling disease, delaying chilling injury, alleviating oxidative damage, inhibiting oversoftening and off‐flavor development. However, all these techniques have limitations per se, such as the inability to prevent secondary infections and potential side effects on human health. Novel approaches such as pulsed light and cold plasma or a synergistic application of several techniques may be the future direction for kiwifruit postharvest preservation.
Identification of polyphenol composition in grape (Vitis vinifera cv. Bidaneh Sefid) stem using green extraction methods and LC–MS/MS analysis
Authors: Beilankouhi Shiva , Pourfarzad Amir , Ghanbarzadeh Babak , Rasouli Mousa , Hamishekar Hamed 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe utilization of grape stems, a by‐product of the grape processing industry, as a source of valuable bioactive compounds, particularly polyphenols, has gained attention in recent years. This study aimed to investigate different eco‐friendly extraction methods for obtaining polyphenols from grape (Vitis vinifera cv. Bidaneh Sefid) stems, focusing on green solvents and innovative techniques. Four extraction methods were tested, involving the use of water and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as green solvents, along with maceration, microwave, ultrasound, and reduced‐pressure techniques. High‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–ESI‐MS/MS) was used to characterize and quantify the bioactive compounds in the extracts. A total of 29 polyphenols, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, and stilbenes, were detected. Among the four extraction methods tested, methods 1 (water + microwave + ultrasound + atmospheric pressure) and 2 (water + microwave + ultrasound + reduced pressure) were found to be the most effective. Our study demonstrated that using water and PEG as green solvents, combined with techniques like microwave, ultrasound, and reduced pressure, effectively extracted both hydrophobic and hydrophilic compounds from the grape stems. These findings suggest that further exploration of these methods could lead to the development of value‐added products from grape stems, emphasizing the significance of green extraction techniques for the recovery of polyphenols from winemaking by‐products.