bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of lobectomy in cystic fibrosis with electrical impedance tomography – a new diagnostic tool
Authors: Lehmann Sylvia , Tenbrock Klaus , Schrading Simone , Pikkemaat Robert , Antink Christoph Hoog , Santos Susana , Spillner Jan Wilhelm , Wagner Norbert , Leonhardt Steffen 
Published: August 2014

AbstractElectrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a radiation-free technique generating cross-sectional images of the lung. EIT visualizes global and regional ventilation by illustrating the distribution of electrical bioimpedance. With an electrode belt around the patient’s thorax, rotating injection-couples of a harmless alternating current allow voltage measurement of the remaining electrodes. This enables the reconstruction of a tomogram with highly dynamic changes within ventilation. We report on a female six-year-old patient with cystic fibrosis and complete destruction of the upper and middle lobe of the right lung. Lobectomy, a rare therapeutic option in patients with cystic fibrosis that needs to be considered in cases of severe localized destruction, was performed. We show a pre- and postoperative documentation of static (radiology) and dynamic investigation tools (spirometry) in correlation with EIT as a new non-invasive and radiation-free diagnostic tool for this patient group.
Apparent phenotypic anticipation in autosomal dominant connexin 26 deafness
Authors: Sokolov Meirav , Brownstein Zippora , Frydman Moshe , Avraham Karen B. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

Background: Connexin 26 (GJB2) mutations are associated with various types of hearing loss, either without associated symptoms or with skin disease, constituting a form of syndromic hearing loss. These mutations can lead to deafness in either a recessive or a dominant autosomal form of inheritance.

Methods: Ascertainment of a Jewish Ashkenazi family with nonsyndromic hearing loss led to the construction of a pedigree for a four-generation family, with hearing loss detected in three successive generations. The entire coding region of the GJB2 gene was amplified and sequenced by Sanger sequencing.

Results: Audiological analysis revealed that the age of onset and severity of hearing loss were earlier and more severe, respectively, in each successive generation of an Ashkenazi Jewish family. A mutation, c.224G>A, leading to missense p.Arg75Gln was detected only in the affected members of the family.

Conclusions: The entire coding region of GJB2 should be checked in hearing-impaired patients by Sanger sequencing, rather than examination only of the two most prevalent mutations, regardless of mode of inheritance or ethnicity. Furthermore, predictions regarding phenotype based on genotype can be difficult to make due to clinical variability in multigenerational families, as demonstrated in the family presented in this study.
A case of pediatric ectopic thyroid in lateral lymph nodes
Authors: Baek Min Kwan , Kim Dong Young , Woo Joo Hyun 
Published: August 2014

AbstractOn average, ectopic thyroids are positioned in the embryotic decent path that emerges as a lingual thyroid or a thyroglossal duct cyst. It is uncommon for ectopic thyroids to be located in the lateral neck, which only represents 1%–3% of all cases. Any ectopic thyroids that emerge in the posterior lateral neck in pediatric patients should be regarded as an extremely unique case. We report a 13-year-old boy with ectopic thyroid tissue in the cervical lymph nodes with orthotopic euthyroid thyroid. The masses were located on the left posterior triangle area, which were confirmed as histologic benign thyroid tissue without any malignancy in the head and neck. Authors suggest that this case supports the benign lymphatic transport theory of lateral ectopic thyroid.
Fetal complications due to intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
Authors: Šimják Patrik , Pařízek Antonín , Vítek Libor , Černý Andrej , Adamcová Karolína , Koucký Michal , Hill Martin , Dušková Michaela , Stárka L’uboslav 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is the most common liver disorder of pregnancy. Diagnosis is based on the clinical picture, particularly the presence of pruritus with a deterioration of liver function tests, and typically elevated serum levels of total bile acids. ICP manifests in the second half of pregnancy, predominantly during the third trimester. Symptoms of the disease resolve spontaneously after delivery. Etiology is still not fully understood. Genetic defects in specific transport proteins, elevated levels of sex hormones, and various environmental factors are thought to play a role in the development of this disorder. Although practically benign for the pregnant woman, ICP represents a serious threat to the fetus. It increases the risk of preterm delivery, meconium excretion into the amniotic fluid, respiratory distress syndrome, and sudden intrauterine fetal death. Identifying fetuses at risk of ICP complications remains challenging. The ideal obstetrical management of ICP needs to be definitively determined. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on fetal complications of ICP and describe management options for their prevention.
A Special Majority Cabinet? Supported Minority Governance and Parliamentary Behavior in the Netherlands
Authors: Otjes Simon , Louwerse Tom 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis article studies how the presence of the supported minority government Rutte-I affected patterns of legislative behavior. On the basis of the literature on minority cabinets, one would expect that during supported minority cabinets parliamentary parties cooperate more often across the division between coalition and opposition than under multiparty majority cabinet rule. Examining almost 30,000 parliamentary votes between 1994 and 2012, this study finds that on a host of indicators of coalition-opposition-cooperation, there was less cooperation “across the aisle” during the Rutte-I cabinet than during any cabinet before it. We explain this with reference to the encompassing nature of the support agreement as well as the impact of the cabinets’ ideological composition.
DINÂMICA DO USO E OCUPAÇÃO DO SOLO NO LITORAL DE MACAU-RN NO PERÍODO DE 1978 À 2008
Authors: Santos Valdemberg Antônio Araújo dos , Lima Zuleide Maria Carvalho 
Published: August 2014

Este estudo foi desenvolvido no litoral setentrional do município de Macau, no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Caracterizada por contribuições de águas oceânicas, alagando áreas de manguezais, aliado às condições climáticas e topográficas proporcionam um ambiente ideal para o desenvolvimento da atividade salineira. Inserida no contexto geológico da Bacia Potiguar, a região apresenta condições favoráveis para a produção de hidrocarbonetos e ainda condições naturais para a carcinicultura e pesca artesanal. Este trabalho analisa as transformações ocorridas no uso do solo, utilizando fotografias aéreas de 1978, Imagens Landsat 5 ETM de 1988, 1998 e 2008. Foi realizada uma analise temporal da dinâmica do uso do território e as transformações ocorridas na paisagem devido ao incremento das atividades produtivas. No campo observou-se que grandes áreas utilizadas anteriormente para a atividade salineira, hoje se encontram preparadas para a carcinicultura e que as áreas de exploração petrolífera ocupam salinas, praias e tabuleiros.
Palavras-chave: uso do solo, atividades produtivas, atividade salineira, dinâmica temporal, unidades geoambientais.
Fetal Exposure to Parental Smoking and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Adult Women
Authors: Jaddoe Vincent W.V. , de Jonge Layla L. , van Dam Rob M. , Willett Walter C. , Harris Holly , Stampfer Meir J. , Hu Frank B. , Michels Karin B. 
Published: August 2014

OBJECTIVE
We evaluated the associations of both maternal and paternal smoking during pregnancy with the risk of type 2 diabetes in daughters and explored whether any association was explained by weight at birth or BMI throughout life.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We used data from 34,453 participants of the Nurses’ Health Study II. We used Cox proportional hazards models to examine the associations of maternal and paternal smoking during pregnancy with incidence of type 2 diabetes in daughters between 1989 and 2009.

RESULTS
Maternal smoking during the first trimester only was associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes in the offspring, independent of confounders, birth weight, and later-life BMI (fully adjusted hazard ratio 1.34 [95% CI 1.01, 1.76]). In the age-adjusted models, both continued maternal smoking during pregnancy and paternal smoking tended to be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in daughters. Perinatal and adult life variables did not explain these associations, but additional adjustment for current BMI fully attenuated the effect estimates.

CONCLUSIONS
The associations of maternal and paternal smoking during pregnancy with the risk of type 2 diabetes in daughters were largely explained by BMI throughout the life course. Further studies are needed to explore the role of first-trimester-only maternal smoking on insulin resistance in the offspring. Also, similar effect estimates for maternal and paternal smoking suggest that the associations reflect shared family-based or lifestyle-related factors.
Increase in abundance and species richness of flies (Diptera, Brachycera) in the Lake Engure Nature Park, Latvia: effects of climate warming?
Authors: Melecis Viesturs , Karpa Aina , Vilks Kristaps 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The article discusses changes in species richness and numbers of flies (Diptera, Brachycera) in the Lake Engure Nature Park (LENP) during 1995-2012. The study was performed within the framework of the National Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) network of Latvia. During the period of study, a statistically significant increase in positive temperature sums (> 4 °C) was observed at the local meteorological station (R2 = 0.489; P < 0.01). Insects were collected three times per season (June, July, and August) by entomological sweep net from twelve sample plots, which represented a variety of habitats of the LENP - dry xerophytic, mesophytic and humid hygrophytic ones. In total 411 species from 35 families were identified. Dry sample plots showed a statistically significant increase in species richness and/or numbers of flies during the period of study. Humid sample plots did not show any statistically significant trends except for two grassland plots where large herbivores were introduced in 2005 for grassland management purpose. Pooling the data from all sample plots, except those grazed by large herbivores, yielded a statistically significant trend of increase in species richness of flies (R2 = 0.647; P < 0.01). Among the main trophic groups zoophagous species showed the largest number of statistically significant positive trends mostly within the dry sample plots. For several sample plots significant positive correlations were recorded between species richness of zoophagous flies and annual sums of positive temperatures. It was hypothesised that climate warming may have an indirect effect via interaction with other environmental factors such as moisture regime, nitrogen pollution, and vegetation structure.
Sediment quality of the ecoregion Engure, Gulf of Riga, assessed by using ecotoxicity tests and biomarker responses
Authors: Ieva Putna , Evita Strode , Ieva Bārda , Ingrīda Puriņa , Elīna Rimša , Mintauts Jansons , Maija Balode , Solvita Strāķe 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess sediment quality in the ecoregion Engure, western coast of the Gulf of Riga, by using sediment ecotoxicity tests with amphipods Monoporeia affinis and Pontogammarus robustoides and selected biomarkers (AChE, GST, GR, CAT, MT) measured in Macoma balthica, to represent different types of biological responses reacting to different stressors. Ecoregion Engure sediments are characterised by comparatively low concentrations of heavy metals, and the area could be considered as unpolluted. Ecotoxicity tests of ecoregion Engure sediments did not show statistically significant (> 20% mortality) toxic effects. Survival of test organisms ranged from 83 to 100% and revealed “good quality” of tested sediment. There were no established strong differences between the stations and years regarding biomarkers. The integrated biomarker response index indicated more stressful conditions in station Mērsrags, while MT activity revealed heavy metal pollution in station Engure. In general, heavy metal concentrations, ecotoxicity tests and biomarker responses indicate that the ecoregion Engure is not markedly various and anthropogenically affected.
A case study for the integration of predictive mineral potential maps
Authors: Lee Saro , Oh Hyun-Joo , Heo Chul-Ho , Park Inhye 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis study aims to elaborate on the mineral potential maps using various models and verify the accuracy for the epithermal gold (Au) — silver (Ag) deposits in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment assuming that all deposits shared a common genesis. The maps of potential Au and Ag deposits were produced by geological data in Taebaeksan mineralized area, Korea. The methodological framework consists of three main steps: 1) identification of spatial relationships 2) quantification of such relationships and 3) combination of multiple quantified relationships. A spatial database containing 46 Au-Ag deposits was constructed using GIS. The spatial association between training deposits and 26 related factors were identified and quantified by probabilistic and statistical modelling. The mineral potential maps were generated by integrating all factors using the overlay method and recombined afterwards using the likelihood ratio model. They were verified by comparison with test mineral deposit locations. The verification revealed that the combined mineral potential map had the greatest accuracy (83.97%), whereas it was 72.24%, 65.85%, 72.23% and 71.02% for the likelihood ratio, weight of evidence, logistic regression and artificial neural network models, respectively. The mineral potential map can provide useful information for the mineral resource development.
Identité et politique : le courant Tupac Katari en Bolivie
Authors: Lavaud Jean-Pierre 
Published: August 2014

En Bolivie, la mobilisation indianiste démarre au début de la décennie 1970 au sein des syndicats paysans de l’ altiplano . Il prend le nom de Tupac Katari, chef d’un des soulèvements les plus importants de l’époque coloniale contre la couronne espagnole, pour symboliser la continuité du combat indianiste actuel avec celui de ce résistant célèbre. Comment interpréter l’irruption de ce courant syndical, et bientôt politique, dans le paysage social bolivien ? Tel est l’objet de cet essai écrit en 1982, avant la mise en perspective historique de Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui ( Oprimidos pero no vencidos. Luchas del campesinado aymara y qhechwa , La Paz, Hisbol, 1986) et l’importante somme documentaire de Javier Hurtado ( El katarismo , La Paz, Hisbol, 1986). Une post-face rédigée pour cette publication complète ces réflexions à l’aune de l’histoire récente de la Bolivie.
Heidegger and Aristotle: Action, Production, and Ethos
Authors: Kuhlken Julie 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACT
In this article, I want to focus on two of the distinctions that inform Heidegger's discussion of ethics within “The Letter on Humanism.” By investigating the distinctions between action (Handeln) and effecting (Wirken), on the one hand, and ethics and ethos, on the other, and considering their roots within his lectures on Aristotle in the 1920s, I will argue that Heidegger's practical concerns are less connected with ethics as it is generally practiced and understood today than with the ancient notion of the good life. In grappling with the metaphysical grounding of Aristotle's conception of the good life and its essential relation to production, Heidegger examines the historicality of both ethos and action in the light of modern technology.
Should Philosophers Still Read Mauss? Thoughts on Contemporary American Politics
Authors: Schrift Alan D. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACT
Following the publication of Derrida's Given Time (1991), a great deal of philosophical attention was devoted to gifts and gift exchange as well as Marcel Mauss's Essay on the Gift. But after a certain formalization of the possible/impossible aporia of the gift (the gift's conditions of possibility are its conditions of impossibility), interest in Mauss's Essay among philosophers has largely disappeared. I return to Mauss's Essay and in particular to its moral, economic, and political conclusions to argue that Mauss makes several observations that relate directly to the current political dysfunction of the U.S. government.
El neuromarketing: Una nueva disciplina para la investigación de audiencias y de la opinión pública
Authors: Y Patiño María Gómez , Goldaráz Elena Bandrés 
Published: August 2014

Las neurociencias pueden crear una ciudadanía distinta y una nueva disciplina: Neuromarketing capaz de modificar la Opinión Pública: audiencias y votantes. Se describen las técnicas utilizadas en la investigación comercial, utilizable en el ámbito social y político, que permiten conocer los impulsos, emociones y reacciones de la ciudadanía ante ciertos estímulos cuyo conocimiento puede ser tan beneficioso como perverso. Por ello, es necesario reflexionar sobre el neuroescepticismo, y algunos aspectos éticos. Se presentan para la discusión final algunos aspectos relativos a la privacidad y al anonimato de los participantes-usuarios, y a un comportamiento deontológicamente correcto por parte de los investigadores.
Application of a data‐assimilative regional ocean modeling system for assessing California Current System ocean conditions, krill, and juvenile rockfish interannual variability
Authors: Schroeder Isaac D. , Santora Jarrod A. , Moore Andrew M. , Edwards Christopher A. , Fiechter Jerome , Hazen Elliott L. , Bograd Steven J. , Field John C. , Wells Brian K. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractTo be robust and informative, marine ecosystem models and assessments require parameterized biophysical relationships that rely on realistic water column characteristics at appropriate spatial and temporal scales. We examine how hydrographic properties off California from 1990 through 2010 during late winter and spring correspond to krill and juvenile rockfish (Sebastes spp.) abundances. We evaluated coherence among temperature, salinity, depth of 26.0 potential density isopycnal, and stratification strength at regionally and monthly time scales derived from shipboard and mooring observations, and a data‐assimilative Regional Ocean Model System reanalysis. The reanalysis captures spatiotemporal physical variability of coastal ocean conditions in winter and spring months and elucidates mechanisms connecting the spatial and temporal upwelling and transport dynamics on observed krill and rockfish abundances in spring. This provides evidence for a mechanistic connection between the phenology of upwelling in the California Current System and seasonal development of the shelf ecosystem.
Risk‐based water resources planning: Incorporating probabilistic nonstationary climate uncertainties
Authors: Borgomeo Edoardo , Hall Jim W. , Fung Fai , Watts Glenn , Colquhoun Keith , Lambert Chris 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWe present a risk‐based approach for incorporating nonstationary probabilistic climate projections into long‐term water resources planning. The proposed methodology uses nonstationary synthetic time series of future climates obtained via a stochastic weather generator based on the UK Climate Projections (UKCP09) to construct a probability distribution of the frequency of water shortages in the future. The UKCP09 projections extend well beyond the range of current hydrological variability, providing the basis for testing the robustness of water resources management plans to future climate‐related uncertainties. The nonstationary nature of the projections combined with the stochastic simulation approach allows for extensive sampling of climatic variability conditioned on climate model outputs. The probability of exceeding planned frequencies of water shortages of varying severity (defined as Levels of Service for the water supply utility company) is used as a risk metric for water resources planning. Different sources of uncertainty, including demand‐side uncertainties, are considered simultaneously and their impact on the risk metric is evaluated. Supply‐side and demand‐side management strategies can be compared based on how cost‐effective they are at reducing risks to acceptable levels. A case study based on a water supply system in London (UK) is presented to illustrate the methodology. Results indicate an increase in the probability of exceeding the planned Levels of Service across the planning horizon. Under a 1% per annum population growth scenario, the probability of exceeding the planned Levels of Service is as high as 0.5 by 2040. The case study also illustrates how a combination of supply and demand management options may be required to reduce the risk of water shortages.
Total Synthesis of Δ12‐Prostaglandin J3, a Highly Potent and Selective Antileukemic Agent
Authors: Nicolaou K. C. , Heretsch Philipp , ElMarrouni Abdelatif , Hale Christopher R. H. , Pulukuri Kiran K. , Kudva Avinash K. , Narayan Vivek , Prabhu K. Sandeep 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA catalytic asymmetric total synthesis of the potent and selective antileukemic Δ12‐prostaglandin J3 (Δ12‐PGJ3) is described. The convergent synthesis proceeded through intermediates 2 and 3, formed enantioselectively from readily available starting materials and coupled through an aldol reaction followed by dehydration to afford stereoselectively the cyclopentenone alkylidene structural motif of the molecule.
Selective Monitoring of the Enzymatic Activity of the Tumor Suppressor Fhit
Authors: Hacker Stephan M. , Mortensen Franziska , Scheffner Martin , Marx Andreas 
Published: August 2014

AbstractCancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Functional inactivation of tumor suppressor proteins, mainly by mutations in the corresponding genes, is a key event in cancer development. The fragile histidine triade protein (Fhit) is a tumor suppressor that is frequently affected in different cancer types. Fhit possesses diadenosine triphosphate hydrolase activity, but although reduction of its enzymatic activity appears to be important for exerting its tumor suppressor function, the regulation of Fhit activity is poorly understood. Here, we introduce a novel fluorogenic probe that is suited to selectively analyze the enzymatic activity of Fhit in extracts derived from human cells. This novel method will allow in‐depth insight into the mechanisms involved in Fhit regulation in biologically relevant setups and, thus, into its role in the development of cancer.
On Constrained MMVC of Discrete‐Time First‐Order Linear Stochastic Systems with PSI I: The Critically Stable Case
Authors: Gai Rudong , Chen Guanrong 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the study of the modified minimal variance control (MMVC) of discrete‐time first‐order linear critically stable stochastic systems with prospective strong intervention (PSI) and control input constraints. Due to different evolutionary characteristics of systems with PSI, that is, the two modes of tending to infinity and having bounded oscillations, the discrete‐time first‐order linear critically stable systems can be partitioned into two types regarding the signs of a key system parameter a. A necessary and sufficient condition for the state mean convergence of a system with a = 1 is derived and the corresponding design of MMVC is formulated. For the critical stable system with a =− 1, its oscillation amplitudes of state means can be effectively suppressed or the means can converge under control. Finally, the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed control strategies comparing with MVC are confirmed by numerical simulations.