bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep learning-driven neuromorphogenesis screenings identify repurposable drugs for mitochondrial disease
Authors: Menacho Carmen , Okawa Satoshi , Álvarez-Merz Iris , Wittich Annika , Muñoz-Oreja Mikel , Lisowski Pawel , Pentimalli Tancredi Massimo , Rybak-Wolf Agnieszka , Inak Gizem , Zakin Shiri , Thevandavakkam Mathuravani , Petersilie Laura , Zaliani Andrea , Mlody Barbara , Seibt Annette , Donnelly Justin , Woleben Kasey , Fernandez-Checa Jose , Herebian Diran , Mayatepek Ertan , Rajewsky Nikolaus , Spinazzola Antonella , Schuelke Markus , Perlstein Ethan , Rossi Andrea , Distelmaier Felix , Holt Ian J. , Pless Ole , Rose Christine R. , Del Sol Antonio , Prigione Alessandro 
Published: July 2024

SummaryMitochondrial disease encompasses untreatable conditions affecting tissues with high energy demands. A severe manifestation of mitochondrial disease is Leigh syndrome (Leigh), which causes defects in basal ganglia and midbrain regions, psychomotor regression, lactic acidosis, and early death. We previously generated isogenic pairs of Leigh cerebral organoids and uncovered defects in neuromorphogenesis. Here, we leveraged on this disease feature to devise drug discovery pipelines. We developed a deep learning algorithm tailored for cell type-specific drug repurposing to identify drugs capable of promoting neuronal commitment. In parallel, we performed a survival drug screen in yeast and validated the repurposable hits on branching capacity in Leigh neurons. The two approaches independently highlighted azole compounds, Talarozole and Sertaconazole, both of which lowered lactate release and improved neurogenesis and neurite organization in Leigh midbrain organoids. Hence, targeting neuromorphogenesis has led to identify potential new drugs for mitochondrial disease and could prove an effective strategy for further drug discovery.
Body size and light environment modulate flight speed and saccadic behavior in free flyingDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Barredo Elina , Yang Haoming , Currea John Paul , Sondhi Yash , Palavalli-Nettimi Ravindra , Sponberg Simon , Tarokh Vahid , Theobald Jamie 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTFor flying insects, visual control relies on acquiring adequate light, but many circumstances limit this, such as dim environments, high image speeds, or eyes of modest light gathering power. To determine these effects on vinegar flies, we limited light by either placing them in dim conditions, or generating individuals with developmentally smaller eyes, then examined activity levels and three-dimensional flight paths. When simulating dawn and dusk light periods, walking flies increase activity, reflecting their crepuscular nature, and this is stronger for flies with larger eyes. When light switches abruptly, similar to many lab settings, activity associated with crepuscular periods diminishes, as does activity associated with greater facet size. During free flight, we find flight speed decreases similarly in both dim light and small eye conditions, but excess light induces smaller individuals to restore their flight speed. Through a machine learning approach, we confirmed that two features, translational speed and saccade distance, are sufficient to classify treatment groups by light niche, size, and age. Together, these imply that flight changes in smaller individuals result from visual deficits, rather than other elements of body structure.
The Pollen Tube Penetrates the Synergid Cell by Formation of a Peritubular Membrane
Authors: Desnoyer Nicholas , Belloli Marta , Bencivenga Stefano , Denninger Philipp , Grossniklaus Ueli 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn flowering plants, successful reproduction relies on an exchange of signals between synergids and pollen tubes (PTs), mediating the invasion of a synergid by the PT, which then ruptures and releases two sperm cells to effect double fertilization. However, how exactly the PT invades the receptive synergid is unknown as the spatial relationship between these two cells is unclear. To better understand this process we performed 3D live imaging of PT reception inArabidopsis thaliana. Upon arrival at the filiform apparatus (FA), a region rich in membrane folds at the micropylar pole of the synergids, the PT gradually deforms the FA before it rapidly grows into the receptive synergid. Upon penetration, the membrane of the receptive synergid invaginates and envelopes the PT. We termed this newly discovered structure the peri-tubular membrane (PRM). We show that, inferoniamutants disrupting PT reception, the PT still enters the receptive synergid, forming a normal PRM. This results in extensive invagination of the synergid membrane without sperm release. We show that PRM formation is associated with a cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]cyt) spike of high amplitude in the PT and flooding of [Ca2+]cytin the synergids. In PTs lacking AUTOINHIBITED Ca2+ATPASE9 activity, PTs have lower amplitude [Ca2+]cytspiking and the PTs frequently fail to penetrate the synergid. Our findings suggest that synergid penetration and the non-cell autonomous control of PT rupture are distinct regulated processes required for fertilization in flowering plants.
Plasma proteomic comparisons change as coverage expands for SomaLogic and Olink
Authors: Rooney Mary R. , Chen Jingsha , Ballantyne Christie M. , Hoogeveen Ron C. , Boerwinkle Eric , Yu Bing , Walker Keenan A. , Schlosser Pascal , Selvin Elizabeth , Chatterjee Nilanjan , Couper David , Grams Morgan E. , Coresh Josef 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTThe number of assays on highly-multiplexed proteomic platforms has grown ten-fold over the past 15 years from less than 1,000 to >11,000. The leading aptamer-based and antibody-based platforms have different strengths. For example, Eldjarn et al1demonstrated that the aptamer-based SomaScan 5k (4,907 assays, assessed in the Icelandic 36K) and the antibody-based Olink Explore 3072 (2,931 assays, assessed in the UK BioBank) had a similar number ofcis-pQTLs among all targets (2,120 vs. 2,101) but Olink had a greater number ofcis-pQTLs among the overlapping targets (1,164 vs. 1,467). Analysis of split plasma measures showed the SomaScan assays to be more precise: median coefficient of variation (CV) of 9.9% vs. 16.5% for Olink.1Precision of the newest versions of the platforms—SomaScan 11k (>11,000 assays, released in December 2023) and Olink Explore HT (>5,400 assays, released in July 2023)—has not yet been established. We assessed the reproducibility of the SomaScan 11k and Olink Explore HT using split plasma samples from 102 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study participants. We found that the SomaScan 11k assays had a median CV of 6.8% (vs 6.6% for the subset of assays available on the SomaScan 5k) and the Olink Explore HT assays had a median CV of 35.7% (vs 19.8% for the subset of assays available on the Olink Explore 3072). Across Olink assays, the CVs were strongly negatively correlated with protein detectability, i.e., percent of samples above the limit of detection (LOD). For the 4,443 overlapping assays, the distribution of between-platform correlations was bimodal with a peak atr∼0 and with another smaller peak atr∼0.8. These findings on precision are consistent with the updated results by Eldjarn et al1but indicate that precision of these two leading platforms in human plasma has diverged as the number of included proteins has increased.
EFFECT OF HEALTH EDUCATION IN THE CONTROL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN DASS EMIRATE COUNCIL OF BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA: AN INTERVENTION STUDY
Authors: Adeyemo Sunday Charles , Oyedeji Gbadebo Jimoh , Atolagbe James , Opeyemi Oladunni , Olanrewaju Sunday , Akinleye Calistus , Olagunju Funsho , Olabode Eniola Dorcas , Maleka Abdulwaris Salisu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveSchistosomiasis has been recognized by WHO as major contributor to mortality and morbidity particularly in Sub Sahara Africa where it is mostly prevalent. There is a lack of reliable data on the effectiveness of health education interventions in reducing the prevalence of Schistosomiasis in Bauchi State. Hence, the study assessed the prevalence of Schistosomiasis and the knowledge, attitude and practices of community members of Dass Emirate towards the prevention and control of Schistosomiasis before and after health education intervention.ResultsAt pre-intervention, majority of the respondents 234 (66.9%) have been diagnosed, or have family members or community members who have been diagnosed with Schistosomiasis. Ninety-six (27.5%) of respondents have good knowledge about Schistosomiasis. 79 (22.6%) of the respondents strongly agree that they can confidently recognize symptoms of schistosomiasis. Only 91 (26.0%) strongly agreed to taking responsibilities for taking preventive measures. At post-intervention, the prevalence of Schistosomiasis dropped to 55.1%. This was statistically significant at p =0.043. Knowledge about Schistosomiasis increased from 27.5% to 87.0% at post-intervention. This was statistically significant at p <0.05. Regarding attitude and practices, good attitude and practices increased from 59.1% at pre-intervention 71.0% at post-intervention. However, this was not statistically significant (p>0.05).
The replication principle revisited: a shared functional organization between pulvinar-cortical and cortico-cortical connectivity and its structural and molecular imaging correlates
Authors: Basile Gianpaolo Antonio , Ielo Augusto , Bonanno Lilla , Cerasa Antonio , Santoro Giuseppe , Milardi Demetrio , Anastasi Giuseppe Pio , Torre Ambra , Baldari Sergio , Laudicella Riccardo , Gaeta Michele , Quartu Marina , Serra Maria Pina , Trucas Marcello , Quartarone Angelo , Saranathan Manojkumar , Cacciola Alberto 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe pulvinar, the largest nucleus in the human thalamus, is a complex, highly interconnected structure. Through a dense, organized network of cortical and subcortical areas, it provides adequate cooperation between neural systems, which is crucial for multiple high-order functions such as perception, visuospatial attention, and emotional processing. Such a central role is made possible by a precise internal topographical organization, which is mirrored by anatomical connections as well as by the expression of neurochemical markers. While being traditionally subdivided into sub-nuclei, each characterized by distinct connectional and morphological features, recent studies in both primate and human brains have highlighted that this topographical organization only marginally aligns with the conventional histological subdivision. Instead, it has been delineated in the context of continuous gradients of cortical connections along the dorsoventral and mediolateral axes. While this multi-gradient organization has been extensively documented in primate models, it remains relatively underexplored in the human brain. The present work combines high-quality, multi-modal structural and functional imaging data with a recently published whole-brain, large-scale, positron emission tomography (PET) atlas detailing 19 neurotransmitters and receptors distributed across the human brain. By applying diffusion embedding analysis to tractography, functional connectivity, and receptor coexpression data, we identify and characterize multiple topographically organized gradients of structural connections, functional coactivation, and molecular binding patterns. We demonstrate that such gradients converge on a shared representation along the dorsoventral and mediolateral axes of the human pulvinar. This representation aligns with transitions in both structural and functional connectivity, spanning from lower-level to higher-order cortical regions. Moreover, it is paralleled by gradual changes in the expression of molecular markers associated with key neuromodulator systems, including serotoninergic, noradrenergic, dopaminergic, and opioid systems. Our findings represent a significant step forward in understanding pulvinar anatomy and function, offering an exploratory framework to investigate the role of this structure in both health and disease.
Nonextensivity and temperature fluctuations of the Higgs boson production
Authors: Rosales Herrera D. , Alvarado García J. R. , Fernández Téllez A. , Ramírez J. E. , Pajares C. 
Published: July 2024

We determine the temperature fluctuations associated with the Higgs boson pT spectrum through the derivation of the string tension distribution corresponding to the QCD-based Hagedorn function, frequently used to fit the transverse momentum distribution (TMD). The identified string tension fluctuations are heavy tailed, behaving similarly to the q-Gaussian distribution. After the convolution with the Schwinger mechanism, both approaches correctly describe the entire TMD. This approach leads to the nonthermal description of the particle production in ultrarelativistic pp collisions. By analyzing the data of pp collisions at s=13 TeV, we found that the average temperature associated with the Higgs boson differential cross section is around 85 times greater than the estimated value for the charged particle TMD. Our results show that the Higgs boson production exhibits the largest deviation from the thermal description.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Successful Freeze-Out of Strongly Interacting Dark Matter with Even-Numbered Interactions
Authors: Chu Xiaoyong , Nikolic Marco , Pradler Josef 
Published: July 2024

Strongly interacting massive particles π have been advocated as prominent dark matter candidates when they regulate their relic abundance through odd-numbered 3π→2π annihilation. We show that successful freeze-out may also be achieved through interactions XX→ππ once bound states X among the particles of the low-energy spectrum exist. In addition, X-formation hosts the potential of also odd-numbered 3π→2π annihilation processes, turning them into effective two-body processes πX→ππ. Bound states are often a natural consequence of strongly interacting theories. We calculate the dark matter freeze-out and comment on the cosmic viability and possible extensions. Candidate theories can encompass confining sectors without a mass gap, glueball dark matter, or ϕ3 and ϕ4 theories with strong Yukawa or self-interactions.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
First Scan Search for Dark Photon Dark Matter with a Tunable Superconducting Radio-Frequency Cavity
Authors: Tang Zhenxing , Wang Bo , Chen Yifan , Zeng Yanjie , Li Chunlong , Yang Yuting , Feng Liwen , Sha Peng , Mi Zhenghui , Pan Weimin , Zhang Tianzong , Jin Yirong , Hao Jiankui , Lin Lin , Wang Fang , Xie Huamu , Huang Senlin , Shu Jing ,   SHANHE Collaboration
Published: July 2024

Dark photons have emerged as promising candidates for dark matter, and their search is a top priority in particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology. We report the first use of a tunable niobium superconducting radio-frequency cavity for a scan search of dark photon dark matter with innovative data analysis techniques. We mechanically adjusted the resonant frequency of a cavity submerged in liquid helium at a temperature of 2 K, and scanned the dark photon mass over a frequency range of 1.37 MHz centered at 1.3 GHz. Our study leveraged the superconducting radio-frequency cavity’s remarkably high quality factors of approximately 1010, resulting in the most stringent constraints to date on a substantial portion of the exclusion parameter space on the kinetic mixing coefficient ε between dark photons and electromagnetic photons, yielding a value of ε<2.2×10−16.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Matching competency frameworks with job advertisements: a data-driven analysis of its practical application in the healthcare sector
Authors: Herold Marcel , Roedenbeck Marc 
Published: July 2024

PurposeCompetency-based human resource management (CBHRM) is a key component of all organisations but needs to be regularly reviewed and evaluated to ensure the quality of healthcare professionals. One common taxonomy of competency domains for health professions is from Englander et al., where this paper aims to conduct a large-scale analysis based on topic modelling to investigate the extent to which the competency framework for the healthcare sector is applied in the German job market of health professions.Design/methodology/approachThe quantitative NLP analysis of a dataset consisting of 3,362 online job advertisements of nurses and doctors was scraped from a German job portal. The data was pre-processed according to Miner et al. For the analysis, the authors applied unsupervised (e.g. HDP, LDA) and supervised (BERTopic) methods and content analysis. Based on the extracted topics a word list was created and these words were coded to existing dimensions of the competency framework of Englander et al. or new dimensions were created.FindingsComparing methodologies, HDP (unsupervised) and BERTopic (supervised) were the best performing while the BERTopic algorithm outperforms HDP. For the doctor dataset 46% of one main dimension was identified but with an overall coverage of 69%, for the care dataset is weaker with 30.8% but an overall coverage of 100%. Additionally, the taxonomy was enhanced with supplementary competencies of “personality/characteristics” and “leadership” as well as two facets of job description which are “place of work” and “job conditions”.Originality/valueOn the one hand selected dimensions of the taxonomy could be clearly identified but on the other hand, there is a documented gap between the taxonomy and the competencies advertised. One cause may lie in the NLP algorithms but applicants may also have the same difficulties when reading the OJAs. Thus, practitioners should carefully review OJAs regarding better separating explicit competencies they are searching for. For the scientific development of new competency frameworks, our data-driven approach exemplified an extension of a given taxonomy.
Convective heat transfer with Hall current using magnetized non-Newtonian Carreau fluid model on the cilia-attenuated flow
Authors: Ishtiaq Fehid , Ellahi R. , Bhatti M.M. , Sait Sadiq M. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
Cilia serves numerous biological functions in the human body. Malfunctioning of nonmotile or motile cilia will have different kinds of consequences for human health. More specifically, the directed and rhythmic beat of motile cilia facilitates the unidirectional flow of fluids that are crucial in both homeostasis and the development of ciliated tissues. In cilia-dependent hydrodynamic flows, tapering geometries look a lot like the structure of biological pathways and vessels, like airways and lymphatic vessels. In this paper, the Carreau fluid model through the cilia-assisted tapered channel (asymmetric) under the influence of induced magnetic field and convective heat transfer is investigated.

Design/methodology/approach
Lubrication theory is a key player in the mathematical formulation of momentum, magnetic field and energy equations. The formulated nonlinear and coupled differential equations are solved with the aid of the homotopy perturbation method (HPM). The graphical results are illustrated with the help of the computational software “Mathematica.”

Findings
The impact of diverse emerging physical parameters on velocity, induced magnetic field, pressure rise, current density and temperature profiles is presented graphically. It is observed that the cilia length parameter supported the velocity and current density profiles, while the Hartman number and Weissenberg number were opposed. A promising effect of emerging parameters on streamlines is also perceived.

Originality/value
The study provides novel aspects of cilia-driven induced magnetohydrodynamics flow of Carreau fluid under the influence of induced magnetic field and convective heat transfer through the asymmetric tapered channel.
Fraud awareness, information accountability and sustainable competitive advantage: governance moderation and capacity for accessing financing mediation
Authors: Tarjo Tarjo , Anggono Alexander , Haryadi Bambang , Mahya Lummatul , Sakti Eklamsia , Said Jamaliah 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to empirically test the influence of fraud awareness, information accountability and capacity for accessing financing on sustainable competitive advantage. Furthermore, this research examines the influence of fraud awareness and information accountability on sustainable competitive advantage through capacity for accessing financing. Finally, this research examines the influence of governance as a moderator of fraud awareness and information accountability on capacity for accessing financing.

Design/methodology/approach
This research uses quantitative methods. Researchers collected data by distributing questionnaires to tourism destination operators. This research used tourist destinations in Indonesia and obtained 506 samples. The data analysis technique uses SEM-PLS.

Findings
This research finds that fraud awareness, information accountability and the capacity for accessing financing increase sustainable competitive advantage. Furthermore, the capacity for accessing financing can mediate the influence of fraud awareness and information accountability on sustainable competitive advantage. Finally, governance strengthens the influence of fraud awareness and information accountability on the capacity for accessing financing.

Research limitations/implications
Research limitations are the difficulty accessing all tourist destinations in Indonesia and difficulty controlling respondent answer bias.

Practical implications
Practical implications are increasing the ability of tourist destinations to compete, helping to increase funding sources, good governance and information accountability.

Social implications
Apart from that, the main implication of this research is to increase fraud awareness and reduce fraud so that tourist destinations can achieve their goals.

Originality/value
The gap lies in previous research, which was unaware of the existence of fraud, which could damage the ability of tourist destinations to compete. Therefore, this research adds the fraud awareness variable. Besides, this study develops a different and unique model because it combines mediation and moderation variables into one research model.
The education crisis and school dropout prevention strategies of teachers in Cameroon
Authors: Souley Timothy , Abubaka Ishmael 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThis article explores the education crisis in Cameroon, focusing on the personal experiences of teachers and the strategies they employ to reduce school dropout during the transitional phase from primary to secondary education.Design/methodology/approachBased on a teacher training programme, 31 interviews with primary and secondary school teachers were conducted. An exploratory research design with an inductive thematic approach was used to identify themes and establish code categories. This design allowed for flexibility in investigating contextual crisis factors by eliciting interpersonal stories and exploring the dynamics of each case.FindingsThree types of dropout prevention strategies – either standalone or mixed – are identified, depending on network, opportunity or service factors. Network-based strategies are considered the most effective and popular, as school dropout is largely influenced by students’ social backgrounds, and teachers remain key players in community life. Lies and fictional narratives, through opportunity- or service-based strategies, create dishonesty and unrealistic expectations regarding final education outcomes. Each type of strategy has significant limitations due to the highly fragmented education system in the country.Originality/valueThe article reveals that school dropout prevention in Cameroon is hampered significantly by education disorganisation. Teachers’ individual practices are insufficient to convey the actual value of education and reverse dropout decisions made after careful consideration. A national pedagogy plan is needed to ensure continuity.