bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of durum wheat varieties on bread quality
Authors: Mastromatteo Marcella , Danza Alessandra , Lecce Lucia , Spinelli Sara , Lampignano Vincenzo , Laverse Janine , Contò Francesco , Del Nobile Matteo Alessandro 
Published: July 2013

SummaryIn this study, the effect of different durum wheat varieties on the sensorial and nutritional quality of bread was assessed. In particular, bread manufactured with six wheat cultivars was compared with bread based on commercial semolina mixtures. X‐ray microtomography was used to characterise the final cellular structure of the baked bread. The textural properties of baked bread and doughs were also investigated. In addition, the glucose equivalent (GE) of bread was also evaluated. Finally, the microstructural, sensorial and textural parameters were correlated with each other. Results highlighted that Cappelli and Saragolla bread samples showed higher protein and total soluble fibre content, respectively, in comparison with the reference samples. Moreover, the GE of the Cappelli, Claudio and Saragolla bread samples was similar to that of the reference samples and lower than that of the other samples. However, the sensorial properties of all bread samples showed a very positive score (up to 7.7).
Zum Vergleich der Leberläppchentypen einschließlich des RAPPAPORTschen Acinus beim Schwein
Authors: WÜNSCHE ANITA 
Published: July 2013

AbstractHaving isolated (Wünsche, 1982) the three‐dimensional shape of the classical central vein lobules of Kiernan (1833) in the pig's liver, the ink‐injected lobular branches of the portal vein were investigated. The findings agree with the notion that the perilobular connective tissue septa break up the lobule. Inter‐ and intraspecific comparisons of these lobules with those of the other three types (bile lobule of Sabourin, 1882; portal vein lobule of Mall, 1906; and terminal branch lobule of Rappaport, 1954) show the equivalence of shape, function and supply of all four types, demonstrated on cross sections of central vein lobules.ZusammenfassungAlle 4 Leberläppchentypen (Zentralvenen‐, Gallen‐, Portal‐ und Endastläppchen) sind beim Schwein in doppelter Weise als Form‐, Funktions‐ und Versorgungseinheiten vorhanden. In basalen Bereichen von zusammengesetzten Läppchen liegt eine direkte Vergleichbarkeit mit den anderen Spezies vor. In den Bereichen mit ausgebildeten Bindegewebsscheidewänden wird das Zentralvenenläppchen besonders deutlich, während die anderen 3 Läppchentypen durch das Bindegewebe in 3 (Gallen‐ und Portalläppchen) oder 2 (Endastläppchen) Läppchenteile zerschlagen werden. Beim Endastläppchen kommt im Bereich der Bindegewebsscheidewand eine starke Variabilität der Rr. terminales als versorgende Endäste hinzu. Diese Variabilität steht mit dem mechanischen Einfluß des Bindegewebes auf die Zentralvenenläppchen der Schweineleber im Einklang. Von einer pathologisch‐abnormen oder atypischen Form der Schweineleber kann keine Rede sein.RésuméSur la comparaison des unités structurales du Foie, dont l'Acinus de RAPPAPORT, chez le PorcLes quatre types d'unités structurales hépatiques (lobule hexagonal — à veine centrale —, unité biliaire, unité portale et unité des rameaux vasculaires terminaux) sont présents chez le Porc, sous le double aspect d'emités morpho‐fonctionnelles et d'entités vasculaires. Dans les régions basales des lobules adjacents, une comparaison directe est possible avec les autres espèces. Dans les zones pourvues de cloisons conjonctives importantes, le lobules hexagonal, à veine centrale, est particulièrement évident, alors que les trois autres unités structurales se trouvent réduites par l'élément conjonctif, en simples territoires lobulaires, au nombre, soit de 3 (avec l'unité biliaire et l'unité portale) soit de 2 (avec l'unité des rameaux vasculaires terminaux). Dans cette dernière unité, on note en outre, au niveau de la cloison conjonctive, une forte variabilité des rameaux afférents terminaux. Cette variabilité est en rapport avec l'influence mécanique du tissu conjonctif sur les lobules hexagonaux. Toute éventualité de déformation pathologique ou de forme atypique se trouve écartée.
The Identification of Acute Stroke: An Analysis of Emergency Calls
Authors: Jones Stephanie P. , Carter Bernie , Ford Gary A. , Gibson Josephine M. E. , Leathley Michael J. , McAdam Joanna J. , O'Donnell Mark , Punekar Shuja , Quinn Tom , Watkins Caroline L. 
Published: July 2013

Background Accurate dispatch of emergency medical services at the onset of acute stroke is vital in expediting assessment and treatment. We examined the relationship between callers' description of potential stroke symptoms to the emergency medical dispatcher and the subsequent classification and prioritisation of emergency medical services response. Aim To identify key ‘indicator’ words used by people making emergency calls for suspected stroke, comparing these with the subsequent category of response given by the emergency medical dispatcher. Method A retrospective chart review (hospital and emergency medical services) in North West England (October 1, 2006 to September 30, 2007) identified digitally recorded emergency medical services calls, which related to patients who had a diagnosis of suspected stroke at some point on the stroke pathway (from the emergency medical services call taker through to final medical diagnosis). Using content analysis, words used to describe stroke by the caller were recorded. A second researcher independently followed the same procedure in order to produce a list of ‘indicator’ words. Description of stroke-specific and nonstroke-specific problems reported by the caller was compared with subsequent emergency medical services dispatch coding and demographic features. Results Six hundred forty-three calls were made to emergency medical services of which 592 (92%) had complete emergency medical services and hospital data. The majority of callers were female (67%) and family members (55%). The most frequently reported problems first said by callers to the emergency medical dispatcher were collapse or fall (26%) and stroke (25%). Callers who identified that the patient was having a stroke were correct in 89% of cases. Calls were dispatched as stroke in 45% of cases, of which 83% had confirmed stroke. Of the first reported problems, Face Arm Speech Test stroke symptoms were mentioned in less than 5% of calls, with speech problems being the most common symptom. No callers mentioned all three Face Arm Speech Test symptoms. Conclusion Callers who contacted emergency medical services for suspected stroke and said stroke as the first reported problem were often correct. Calls categorised as stroke by the emergency medical dispatcher were commonly confirmed as stroke in the hospital. Speech problems were the most commonly reported element of the Face Arm Speech Test test to be reported by callers. Recognition of possible stroke diagnosis in fall and other presentations should be considered by emergency medical dispatchers. Further development and training are needed in the community to improve prehospital stroke recognition in order to expedite hyperacute stroke care.
Corporations and Non‐Agential Moral Responsibility
Authors: Dempsey James 
Published: July 2013

Abstract One of the core challenges presented by ascriptions of moral responsibility to corporations is to identify who or what is being held responsible. A significant source of controversy in attempts to answer this challenge is whether or not responsibility can fall on a ‘corporate entity’ distinct from the individuals that make it up. In this article I argue that both sides of this debate have incorrectly assumed that the possession of moral agency is a necessary condition for holding moral responsibility. I go on to argue that it is sufficient for a corporate entity to be a ‘morally significant system’, that is a non‐agential system created by moral agents, and I develop an account of such systems. I conclude by setting out the implications of this analysis for our practices of holding corporations morally responsible.
Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 and Their Verotoxins and Salmonella spp. in Processed Poultry Products
Authors: Karadal Fulden , Ertas Nurhan , Hizlisoy Harun , Abay Secil , Al Serhat 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis study was carried out to investigate the presence of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 and their verotoxins as well as Salmonella spp. in processed poultry products. A total of 100 samples of cordon bleus (n = 20), chicken nuggets (n = 20), chicken burgers (n = 40) and chicken meatballs (n = 20) were analyzed. The E. coli O157 (but not H7) strain was isolated from one (1%) out of 100 samples. This isolate were obtained from chicken burgers. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction confirmed two genotypes, namely rfbO157 and stx1 genes. None of the samples was contaminated with Salmonella spp. These results demonstrate that processed poultry products may be sporadically contaminated with E. coli O157 strains that are potentially pathogenic for humans.Practical ApplicationThe growth of E. coli O157 and Salmonella in processed poultry products are dependent on poultry carcasses used as raw material, hygienic application during the process and the storage temperature. Potentially pathogenic agents for humans E. coli O157, which was obtained in this study, and Salmonella spp. should be controlled by heat‐treatment.
Multi‐walled carbon nanotubes decorated by platinum catalyst nanoparticles—Examination and microanalysis using scanning and transmission electron microscopies
Authors: GUINEL M. J‐F. , BRODUSCH N. , VERDE‐GÓMEZ Y. , ESCOBAR‐MORALES B. , GAUVIN R. 
Published: July 2013

SummaryCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) decorated with platinum (Pt) nanoparticles (NPs) have been characterized using a cold field‐emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a high resolution field‐emission transmission electron microscope (TEM). With this particular composite material, the complementary nature of the two instruments was demonstrated. Although the long CNTs were found to be mostly bent and defective in some parts, the nucleation of Pt occurred randomly and uniformly covered the CNTs. The NPs displayed a large variation in size, were sometimes defective with twins and stacking faults, and were found to be faceted with the presence of surface steps. The shape and size of the NPs and the presence of defects may have significant consequences on the activity of the Pt catalyst material. Also, thin layers of platinum oxide were identified on the surface of some NPs.
Findings From the Analysis of the American College of Nurse‐Midwives’ Membership Surveys: 2009 to 2011
Authors: Schuiling Kerri D. , Sipe Theresa A. , Fullerton Judith 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe American College of Nurse‐Midwives (ACNM) Core Data Survey is an annual membership survey that collects demographic and selected workforce data about certified nurse‐midwives (CNMs), certified midwives (CMs), and students enrolled in midwifery education programs accredited by the Accreditation Commission for Midwifery Education. These data are aggregated and published every 3 years. This article presents findings from the analysis of membership data for the years 2009 to 2011.MethodsAn online survey is sent annually to all ACNM members who provide ACNM with an e‐mail address. The survey instrument for 2009 to 2011 focused on 5 categories: demographics, certification, education, employment, and licensure except for 2011, in which licensure data were collected separately.ResultsACNM members responding to the surveys during 2009, 2010, and 2011 continued to remain predominantly white and female. The average age of CNMs/CMs in 2011 was 51.2 years. The majority had a master's degree as their highest degree, and 9.3% had a doctoral degree. Approximately two‐thirds of respondents in each of the 3 survey years identified attendance at births as one of their primary responsibilities.DiscussionVery little change in diversity was observed over the 3 survey years. The number of CNMs earning the doctor of nursing practice degree is increasing, whereas other doctoral degree categories remain stable. The majority of CNMs/CMs continue to identify a broad domain of clinical midwifery practice as their primary responsibility in their employment. The majority of respondents attend births, but the proportion has been decreasing slightly over time. Salaries for midwives continue to rise, but the reasons for this are unclear.
The Impact of Right Ventricular Stroke Work on B‐Type Natriuretic Peptide Levels in Patients With Mitral Stenosis Undergoing Percutaneous Mitral Valvuloplasty
Authors: ESTEVES WILLIAM A. M. , LODI‐JUNQUEIRA LUCAS , NETO CIRILO P. FONSECA , TAN TIMOTHY C. , NASCIMENTO BRUNO R. , MEHROTRA PRAVEEN , BARBOSA MARCIA M. , RIBEIRO ANTONIO LUIZ P. , NUNES MARIA CARMO P. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to explore the relationship between brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels and right ventricular (RV) function in patients with mitral stenosis (MS), and to investigate the hemodynamic parameters that predict reduction of BNP levels after percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty (PMV).BackgroundFew studies have evaluated BNP in the context of MS, specifically the impact of the RV stroke work (RVSW) on serum BNP levels has not been defined.MethodsThirty patients with symptomatic rheumatic MS in sinus rhythm who were referred for a PMV were enrolled. Right and left heart pressures were obtained before and after valvuloplasty. RVSW index (RVSWI) was calculated by cardiac catheterization.ResultsBasal BNP levels were elevated in MS patients and correlated with several hemodynamic parameters including pulmonary pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance index, cardiac index (CI), and RVSWI. In multivariate analysis, CI and RVSWI were independent predictors of raised basal BNP levels. PMV resulted in a significant decrease in the RVSWI with a concurrent increase in CI (2.4 ± 0.43 to 2.9 ± 0.8 L/min/m2, P = 0.010). Overall, plasma BNP levels significantly decreased from 124 (63/234) to 73 (48/148) pg/ml postvalvuloplasty. Multivariate analysis revealed that the reduction of left atrial (LA) pressure post‐PMV was an independent predictor of change in BNP levels.ConclusionsElevated baseline BNP level in MS patients was independently associated with CI and RVSWI. Plasma BNP levels were reduced after successful PMV, which was associated with the reduction of the LA pressure. (J Interven Cardiol 2013;26:501‐508)
Healthy Buddies™ Reduces Body Mass Index Z‐Score and Waist Circumference in Aboriginal Children Living in Remote Coastal Communities
Authors: Ronsley Rebecca , Lee Andrew S. , Kuzeljevic Boris , Panagiotopoulos Constadina 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDAboriginal children are at increased risk for obesity and type 2 diabetes. Healthy Buddies™‐First Nations (HB) is a curriculum‐based, peer‐led program promoting healthy eating, physical activity, and self‐esteem.METHODSAlthough originally designed as a pilot pre‐/post‐analysis of 3 remote Aboriginal schools that requested and received HB training, one school did not implement the program and was used as a control group. Outcomes included changes in body mass index z‐score (zBMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), self‐esteem, health behavior, and knowledge over 1 school year in kindergarten to grade 12 children.RESULTSThere was a significant decrease in zBMI (1.10 to 1.04, p = .028) and WC (77.1 to 75.0 cm, p < .0001) in the HB group (N = 118) compared with an increase in zBMI (1.14 to 1.23, p = .046) and a minimal WC change in the control group (N = 61). Prevalence of elevated BP did not change in the HB group, but increased from 16.7% to 31.7% in the control group (p = .026). General linear model analysis revealed a significant interaction between time, group, and zBMI (p = .001), weight status (p = .014), nutritious beverage knowledge (p = .018), and healthy living and self‐esteem score (p = .005).CONCLUSIONSThe HB program is a promising school‐based strategy for addressing obesity and self‐esteem in Aboriginal children.
Fitness Change and Subsequent Academic Performance in Adolescents
Authors: Chen Li‐Jung , Fox Kenneth R. , Ku Po‐Wen , Taun Chih‐Yang 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThis study examined the association between fitness change and subsequent academic performance in Taiwanese schoolchildren from 7th grade to 9th grade.METHODSThe 7th graders from 1 junior high school district participated in this study (N = 669). Academic performance was extracted from school records at the end of each grade. Cardiovascular (CV) fitness, sit‐and‐reach flexibility, bent‐leg curl‐ups, and height and weight for calculating body mass index (BMI) were assessed at the start of each grade.RESULTSThe results showed that improvement in CV fitness, but not muscular endurance or flexibility, is significantly related to greater academic performance. A weak and nonsignificant academic‐BMI relationship was seen.CONCLUSIONCV fitness exhibits stronger longitudinal associations with academic performance than other forms of fitness or BMI for adolescents.
Comparison of premedication with buprenorphine or methadone with meloxicam for postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing orthopaedic surgery
Authors: Hunt J. R. , Attenburrow P. M. , Slingsby L. S. , Murrell J. C. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectivesTo determine whether methadone, administered before orthopaedic surgery, results in improved postoperative analgesia compared to buprenorphine.MethodsThirty‐eight dogs undergoing orthopaedic surgeries (the majority being tibial tuberosity advancement or elbow arthrotomy) were premedicated with 0 · 03 mg/kg acepromazine and either 20 µg/kg buprenorphine or 0 · 5 mg/kg methadone, intramuscularly, allocated randomly. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol intravenously to effect and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. 0 · 2 mg/kg meloxicam was administered at anaesthetic induction. Sedation was assessed by means of a dynamic interactive visual analogue and simple descriptive scales and pain by dynamic interactive visual analogue and the short form Glasgow composite pain scales, by a single observer blinded to treatment group at intervals for 8 hours following premedication.ResultsSedation scores were higher than baseline in both groups following premedication until the end of the assessment period (P = 0 · 0001), with no differences between groups. Pain scores were lower overall in dogs premedicated with methadone (dynamic interactive visual analogue scale P = 0 · 048; short form Glasgow composite pain scale P = 0 · 0045), and these dogs required less additional analgesia (42%, compared to 79% premedicated with buprenorphine, P = 0 · 045).Clinical SignificanceAt the doses investigated, methadone produced superior analgesia to buprenorphine for 8 hours postoperatively in dogs undergoing orthopaedic surgery.
Women's Sexuality: From Aging to Social Representations
Authors: Ringa Virginie , Diter Kevin , Laborde Caroline , Bajos Nathalie 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Studies designed in northern countries show that most women are still sexually active after the age of 50. Many factors other than hormones influence sexual life in and after middle age; they include social status, personal characteristics, physical and psychological conditions, relationship factors, and social representations of sexuality.

Aim
This study aims to analyze various components of sexuality, including its social representations, among women aged 45–55 years, as they reach menopause.

Methods
Comparison of three groups: all postmenopausal women (277), postmenopausal women not currently using hormonal treatment (HT) (209), postmenopausal women currently using HT (68), with a reference group of premenopausal women (408). All were recruited in a national general population-based survey of sexual behaviors and interviewed by telephone.

Main Outcome Measures
Practices, sexual function, satisfaction, and representations and expectations concerning sexuality.

Results
The women did not differ according to menopausal status for sexual activity, practices (wide range of practices beyond sexual intercourse), dysfunction, or satisfaction. They also attributed equal importance to sexuality. Nevertheless, although postmenopausal women not using HT did not report less sexual activity than premenopausal women, they were less likely to consider that a 3-month period without sex is a sign of difficulty in a relationship (30.3% vs. 47.7%; odds ratio: 0.35 [0.21–0.57], P = 0.000). This difference was not observed between postmenopausal women using HT and premenopausal women.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that for middle-aged women who are at the onset of menopause, the biological/hormonal changes characterizing menopause do not negatively affect sexual life. Any negative reported effects on sexuality are more likely due to anticipation or negative representations of sexuality around menopause than to biological or hormonal effects. The effect of menopause at this point in women's lives may thus be more symbolic than biological, expressed as a form of anticipation of old age.
Comparing the glucuronidation capacity of the feline liver with substrate‐specific glucuronidation in dogs
Authors: van Beusekom C. D. , Fink‐Gremmels J. , Schrickx J. A. 
Published: July 2013

This study aimed to assess the overall glucuronidation capacity of cats, using prototypic substrates identified for human UDP‐glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs). To this end, Michaelis–Menten kinetics were established for the substrates using feline hepatic microsomal fractions, and results were compared with similar experiments carried out with dog liver microsomes. Cats are known for their low capacity of glucuronide formation, and UGT1A6 was found to be a pseudogene. However, functional studies with typical substrates were not performed and knowledge of the enzymology and genetics of other glucuronidation enzymes in felidae is lacking. The results of this study showed extremely low formation of naphthol‐1‐glucuronide (1.7 ± 0.4 nmol/mg protein/min), estradiol‐17‐glucuronide (<0.7 nmol/mg protein/min), and morphine‐3‐glucuronide (0.2 ± 0.03 nmol/mg protein/min), suggesting a lack of functional UGT1A6 and UGT2B7 homologues in the cat's liver. Dog liver microsomes were producing these glucuronides in much higher amounts. Glucuronide capacity was present for the substrates 17β‐estradiol (estradiol‐3‐glucuronide, 2.9 ± 0.2 nmol/mg protein/min) and 4‐methylumbelliferone (31.3 ± 3.3 nmol/mg protein/min), assuming that cats have functional homologue enzymes to at least the human UGT1A1 and probably other UGT1A isozymes. This implies that for new drugs, glucuronidation capacity has to be investigated on a substance‐to‐substance base. Knowledge of the glucuronidation rate of a drug provides the basis for pharmacokinetic modeling and as a result proper dosage regimens can be established to avoid undesirable drug toxicity in cats.