bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selected Arterial Blood Gasometry Parameters as Indicators of Blood Transfusion Effectiveness in Foals with Haemolytic Disease
Authors: Stopyra Artur , Snarska Anna 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the suitability of basic haematological, biochemical, and gasometric tests in checking the effectiveness of transfusion therapy in foals during isoerythrolysis. The number of red blood cells, haemoglobin, haematocrit, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide, oxygen, and blood pH was determined immediately before and several times after blood transfusion. The concentration of serum free bilirubin was also measured to confirm haemolysis. Fluids (0.9% NaCl, multielectrolytic fluid, 5% glucose) and antibiotics (penicillin, amikacin) were provided to the foals. The lowest values of haematological parameters were observed before transfusion. This was accompanied by decreased partial pressure of oxygen, low pH, and increased arterial carbon dioxide tension. Transfusion of whole blood led to a gradual normalisation of the haematological parameters, also accompanied by the normalisation of gasometric indicators (decrease in pCO2 and pO2 and pH increase). Monitoring of selected haematological and gasometric parameters allows to evaluate the efficacy of blood transfusion during treatment of haemolytic disease of foals.
Use of Silver Nitrate for the Assessment of Sperm Measurements in Selected Farm and Free-Living Animal Species
Authors: Andraszek Katarzyna , Banaszewska Dorota , Szostek Małgorzata , Wójcik Ewa , Czubaszek Magdalena , Walczak-Jędrzejowska Renata 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The study was conducted on spermatozoa of selected farm and free-living animal species, isolated post mortem from the tail of the epididymis, and stained with silver nitrate - AgNO3. The material was collected from pigs, goats, wild boar, and European roe deer. Twenty morphologically normal spermatozoa randomly selected from each animal and well visible under the microscope, were analysed. The following measurements were considered: head length, width, perimeter and area, acrosome area, mid-piece length, tail length, and overall sperm length. AgNO3 staining differentiated the acrosomal (light hue) and distal (dark hue) part of the sperm head, and a light-hued mid-piece was visible within the sperm tail. Silver nitrate staining revealed species and variety-related differences, particularly in reference to the sperm head. Clear-cut differentiation within the head and tail area made it possible to perform detailed morphometric measurements of the spermatozoa.
Variability of Heart Rate in Primitive Horses and Their Relatives as an Indicator of Stress Level, Behavioural Conduct Towards Humans and Adaptation to Living in Wild
Authors: Pluta Michał , Osiński Zbigniew 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of using heart rate (HR) as a metric parameter that can be used for the characterisation of behaviour of primitive horses and their relatives, related to reactions to the stress resulting from the contact with humans and adaptation to living in various conditions, including natural environment. This characterisation served the authors to expand the knowledge of such behaviour of primitive horses, and to assess the impact of the environmental and genetic factors. Studies were conducted in three populations of horses: two herds of Polish Konik and one herd of Biłgoraj horses. The studies were performed between 1993 and 2010. They concerned the behaviour of horses during grooming - breeding procedures (hooves clearing, body measurements) performed cyclically and the daily observations when HR was monitored continuously. HR results for the respective age categories, during particular grooming - breeding procedures and reserve observations indicate that Polish Konik horses, closely related to the primitive Tarpan breed, are genetically better adapted to living in conditions similar to the natural (reserve) than the Biłgoraj horses. They show less stress symptoms, which are evidenced by HR values noted during inhabiting the natural environment.
Fazy Mineralne W Skałach Wêglanowych Warstw Gogoliñskich Obszaru śląska Opolskiego
Authors: Stanienda Katarzyna 
Published: October 2014

Streszczenie
W niniejszym artykule zaprezentowano wyniki badañ, które pozwoliły na określenie rodzaju faz mineralnych w skałach wêglanowych warstw gogoliñskich, głównie w wapieniach obszaru śląska Opolskiego. Próbki do badañ pobrano z kamieniołomów w Ligocie Dolnej oraz w Gogolinie. W ka-mieniołomie Gogolin pobrano 8 próbek – 5 z warstw gogoliñskich dolnych, oraz 3 – z warstw gogoliñskich górnych. W kamieniołomie Ligota Dolna pobrano do badañ również 8 próbek, wszystkie z wapieni gogoliñskich górnych.
Wyniki badañ wykazały, że wapienie warstw gogoliñskich obszaru śląska Opolskiego charak-teryzują siê zróżnicowaniem zarówno faz wêglanowych, jak i faz niewêglanowych.
W wapieniach obu formacji zidentyfikowano cztery fazy wêglanowe, o różnym udziale magnezu: „czysty” kalcyt (niskomagnezowy), Mg-kalcyt (kalcyt magnezowy zwany również magnezjo-kalcy-tem), przypuszczalnie dolomit oraz fazê, którą uznano za huntyt.
Wystêpujące w badanych wapieniach fazy niewêglanowe to głównie kwarc, skalenie, minerały ilaste oraz muskowit. Minerały te zidentyfikowano zarówno w wapieniach gogoliñskich dolnych jak i w gogoliñskich górnych.
Wyniki badañ wykazały, że wapienie gogoliñskie dolne obszaru śląska Opolskiego wykazują wiêksze zróżnicowanie faz wêglanowych wzbogaconych w magnez niż wapienie gogoliñskie górne, natomiast w skałach tej formacji nie zidentyfikowano faz wêglanowych wzbogaconych w żelazo. Wapienie gogoliñskie górne charakteryzują siê natomiast wyższym udziałem faz niewêglanowych niż wapienie gogoliñskie dolne. Może to wynikaæ z warunków sedymentacji skał wêglanowych. Wapienie gogoliñskie dolne reprezentują osady strefy litoralnej, które są uboższe w fazy niewêglanowe, natomiast zawierają bogatą faunê, natomiast wapienie gogoliñskie górne to utwory lagunowe, które charakteryzują siê niższą zawartością fauny, a wyższą - krzemianów i glinokrzemianów.
Mineralna Karbonatyzacja Przy Zastosowaniu Surowców Naturalnych Metodą Redukcji CO2?
Authors: Uliasz-Bocheñczyk Alicja , Mokrzycki Eugeniusz 
Published: October 2014

Streszczenie
Mineralna karbonatyzacja jest jedną z metod ograniczania antropogenicznej emisji CO2. Metoda ta polega na wykorzystaniu naturalnego zjawiska wiązania ditlenku wêgla przez surowce naturalne lub beton. Od pojawienia siê w 1990 r. w NATURE pierwszej publikacji dotyczącej mineralnej sekwestracji CO2, prowadzone są badania nad wykorzystaniem zjawiska wiązania ditlenku wêgla. W wyniku procesu ditlenek wêgla wiązany jest w stałej formie, co powoduje, że metoda ta jest bezpieczna ekologicznie. Dodatkowo w wyniku reakcji, która jest egzotermiczna, uwalnia siê ciepło, które może byæ potencjalnie wykorzystane. Proces ten może byæ stosowany jako ostatni etap tech-nologii CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage). Mineralna karbonatyzacja może byæ realizowana jako metoda in-situ i ex-situ. Mineralna sekwestracja proponowana jest i badana zarówno dla surowców mineralnych, jak i odpadów. W Polsce szczególnie interesującą opcją jest zastosowanie do wiązania CO2 na drodze mineralnej karbonatyzacji odpadów energetycznych o wysokiej zawartości CaO i ograniczonym wykorzystaniu gospodarczym. Do wiązania CO2 przeanalizowano oprócz odpadów energetycznych również żużle hutnicze i pyły z pieców cementowych. Drugą opcją prowadzenia mineralnej karbonatyzacji jest stosowanie surowców naturalnych. Do mineralnej sekwestracji CO2 mogąbyæ potencjalnie stosowane minerały, takie jak: oliwin, serpentyn czy talk. W artykule przed-stawiono możliwości zastosowania surowców mineralnych do obniżenia emisji ditlenku wêgla. Przeanalizowano również surowce mineralne wystêpując w Polsce, które potencjalnie mogą byæ stosowane do sekwestracji CO2 w ramach procesu ex situ i in situ. Artykuł jest wstêpną analizą możliwości wykorzystania tego typu surowców do wiązania CO2 w Polsce.
Quality of Zeolite in the Function of Size Class
Authors: Sekulić Živko , Kolonja Bozo , Kragović Milan , Ivošević Branislav , Mihajlović Slavica 
Published: October 2014

Streszczenie
Badanie parametrów jakościowych zeolitów ze złóż Igroš i Donje Jesenje zostało przeprowa-dzone odrêbnie dla różnych klas ziarnowych. Celem tych badañ było wskazanie znaczenia selekcji i procedury przygotowania surowca na parametry jakościowe poszczególnych klas ziarnowych, co ma skutkowaæ osiągniêciem wymaganych parametrów jakościowych przez otrzymywany zestaw produktów zeolitowych. Rezultaty badañ wskazują, że zeolity ze złóż Igroš i Donje Jesenje różnią siê pod wzglêdem parametrów jakościowych w przypadku niektórych klas ziarnowych. Podczas gdy próbka zeolitu ze złoża Igroš wykazuje lepsze parametry jakościowe w przypadku klas drobniejszych, to w przypadku próbki ze złoża Donje Jesenje lepesze parametry jakościowe wykazuje klasa ziarnowa -2,4 +0,4 mm. Pojemnośæ wymiany kationowej (CEC) zeolitu ze złoża Igroš jest najwyższa -161,25 meq/100 g - dla klasy ziarnowej -5 +2,4 mm, podczas gdy w przypadku zeolitu ze złoża Donje Jesenje najwyższa wartośæ tego parametru - 163,97 meq/100 g - była stwierdzona dla klasy -0,4 +0,063 mm. Przeprowadzone badania rentgenograficzne wykazały, że skład mineralny próbek zeolitów ze złóż Igroš i Donje Jesenje znacznie siê różni: wyższy udział minerałów grupy zeolitów był zaobserwowany w grubszych klasach ziarnowych surowca ze złoża Igroš, podczas gdy w surowcu ze złoża Donje Jasenje wyższy udział zeolitów był stwierdzony dla klasy najdrobniejszej -0,063 +0 mm, przy współobecności skaleni i niewielkim udziale klinoptylolitu. Rezultaty badañ wskazują, że niezbêdne jest w przypadku tych materiałów zastosowanie metod klasyfikacji ziarnowej i otrzymy-wania najdrobniejszych klas ziarnowych, by możliwe było otrzymanie zestawu produktów zeo-litowych o wymaganych parametrach jakościowych.
Simplified Mashing Efficiency. Novel Method for Optimization of Food Industry Wort Production with the Use of Adjuncts
Authors: Szwed Łukasz P. , Tomaszewska-Ciosk Ewa , Błażewicz Józef 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Malt extracts and malt concentrates have a broad range of application in food industry. Those products are obtained by methods similar to brewing worts. The possible reduction of cost can be achieved by application of malt substitutes likewise in brewing industry. As the malt concentrates for food industry do not have to fulfill strict norms for beer production it is possible to produce much cheaper products. It was proved that by means of mathematic optimization it is possible to determine the optimal share of unmalted material for cheap yet effective production of wort.
A Study on Damage to PLA Knitted Fabrics During Scouring and Bleaching
Authors: Baig Gulzar A. , Carr Chris M. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Ingeo® PLA (polylactic acid) knitted fabric was scoured through an exhaust technique. The scouring was carried out with sodium carbonate in the presence of a detergent at various concentrations and temperatures. The scoured fabric was bleached with various oxidative bleaching agents. Bleaching was carried out with hydrogen peroxide, sodium chlorite and sodium hypochlorite. Hydrogen peroxide was applied by exhaust and cold pad batch (CPB) techniques. It was observed that during scouring PLA fabric was degraded at high alkali concentrations and processing temperatures. The scouring temperature above 60ºC proved to be deleterious due to the scouring solution penetrating into the polymer structure and damaged the fiber. Sodium chlorite and sodium hypochlorite caused little damage to the mechanical properties of PLA. Hydrogen peroxide when applied by the CPB technique did not reduce strength appreciably but when applied by the exhaust technique decreased the strength significantly. SEM analysis revealed that hydrogen peroxide caused holes and slit formation in the fiber structure.
Future Applications of Apricot (Prunus Armeniaca Kaisa) ß Galactosidase in Dairy Industry
Authors: Ansari Shakeel Ahmed , Satar Rukhsana , Zaidi Syed Kashif , Khan Mohd Jahir , Naseer Muhammad Imran , Al-Qahtani Mohammed H. , Maskat Mohamad Yusof 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The present study demonstrates the immobilization of β galactosidase from apricots (Prunus armeniaca kaisa) on an inexpensive concanavalin A layered cellulose-alginate hybrid gel. Immobilized β galactosidase retained 78% of the initial activity after crosslinking by glutaraldehyde. It exhibited greater fraction of activity at both acidic and basic pH, and showed broad spectrum temperature optimum as compared to free enzyme. Moreover, immobilized enzyme exhibited higher thermal stability at 60°C and retained 80% of the original enzyme activity in presence of 3% galactose. The crosslinked immobilized enzyme showed improved hydrolysis of lactose from milk and whey in batch processes at 50°C as well as in continuous reactors operated at fl ow rate of 20 mL/h and 30 mL/h even after one month. Moreover, crosslinked adsorbed β galactosidase retained 76% activity even after its sixth repeated use, thereby promoting its use for lactose hydrolysis in various dairy products even for longer durations.
The Formation of Polycomplexes of Poly(Methyl Vinyl Ether-Co-Maleic Anhydride) and Bovine Serum Albumin in the Presence of Copper Ions
Authors: Karahan Mesut , Mustafaeva Zeynep , Özeroğlu Cemal 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The binary and ternary complex formations of poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride) (PMVEMA) with copper ions and with bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the presence of copper ions in phosphate buffer solution at pH = 7 were examined by the techniques of UV-visible, fluorescence, dynamic light scattering, atomic force microscopy measurements. In the formation of binary complexes of PMVEMA-Cu(II), the addition of copper ions to the solution of PMVEMA in phosphate buffer solution at pH = 7 forms homogeneous solutions when the molar ratio of Cu(II)/MVEMA is 0.5. Then the formations of ternary complexes of PMVEMA-Cu(II)-BSA were examined. Study analysis revealed that the toxicities of polymer-metal and polymer-metal-protein mixture solutions depend on the nature and ratio of components in mixtures.
Catalog of grammar refactoring patterns
Authors: Halupka Ivan , Kollár Ján 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Grammar dependent software development and automated grammar transformations have received considerable attention in recent years. This paper presents our catalog of six grammar refactoring patterns that specify the solutions to commonly occurring refactoring problems in the field of grammarware engineering. Patterns are formally specified using extended version of pLERO language, designed specifically for this purpose, while chosen pLERO extensions are also discussed.
A Survey of parallel intrusion detection on graphical processors
Authors: Vokorokos Liberios , Ennert Michal , >Čajkovský Marek , Radušovský Ján 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Intrusion detection is enormously developing field of informatics. This paper provides a survey of actual trends in intrusion detection in academic research. It presents a review about the evolution of intrusion detection systems with usage of general purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPU). There are many detection techniques but only some of them bring advantages of parallel computing implementation to graphical processors (GPU). The most common technique transformed into GPU is the technique of pattern matching. There is a number of intrusion detection tools using GPU tested in real network traffic.
Infrastructure representation for container terminal simulation
Authors: Kocifaj Michal , Adamko Norbert 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Microscopic simulation of container terminal is incomplete without sophisticated and authentic movement of mobile handling equipment. The modelled infrastructure has to be processed before the path finding takes its place. In this paper, the infrastructure is represented by navigation mesh which splits the traversable space into multiple convex polygons. A simple algorithm for creation of navigation mesh is presented, with some extensions dedicated to specific container terminals environment. Additional more complex algorithms are listed as well. Finally a combination of navigation mesh and grid-of-tiles approach is given.
Continuous Logic and Scheduling in Systems with Indeterminate Processing Times
Authors: Levin Vitaly I. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
A general approach to the synthesis of an optimal order of executing jobs in engineering systems with indeterminate (interval) times of job processing is presented. As a mathematical model of the system, a two-stage pipeline is taken whose first and second stages are, respectively, the input of data and its processing, and the corresponding mathematical apparatus is continuous logic and logic determinants.
Rhamnolipids Production by a Pseudomonas eruginosa LBI Mutant: Solutions and Homologs Characterization
Authors: Lovaglio Roberta B. , da Silva Vinícius L. , Capelini Tulio de Lucca , Eberlin Marcos N. , Hausmann Rudolf , Henkel Marius , Contiero Jonas 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
This paper evaluates the effect of additives (NaCl and ethanol) on the solution properties of rhamnolipids. The properties are the surface activity, aggregate formations and emulsifying activity as well as the synergistic effects of additives and pH variations on the physical properties of rhamnolipids. Additionally, analysis of fatty acids and rhamnolipid homologues produced using different carbon sources was performed by mass spectrometry. The results indicate that this biosurfactant maintain its properties in the presence of additives. NaCl decreases the size and number of aggregates formed in solutions without pH control, while ethanol to rhamnolipid solutions reduces critical micelle concentration and favors aggregation of monomers. The profiles of fatty acids produced by P. aeruginosa LBI 2A1 varied according to the carbon source used, however for rhamnolipids there was no difference.
Phase Behavior and Solubilization of Microemulsion Systems Containing Imidazolium Type Surfactant CnmimBr and Butyric Acid as Cosurfactant
Authors: Chai Jinling , Chai Haihui , Sun Hao , Liu Ning , Liu Ningning , Zhang Hengming , Liu Zhongchun 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The phase behavior and solubilization of two microemulsion systems 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (CnmimBr, n = 12,14,16)/butyric acid/hexane/brine (5% NaCl) and CnmimBr/1-butanol/hexane/brine (5% NaCl) were studied and compared. The physico-chemical parameters, such as the solubility (∊
B
) of the cosurfactant, the mass fraction of the cosurfactant in the interfacial layer (AS
), and the solubilization ability (SP*) of the two microemulsion systems were calculated and discussed. As the carbon chain length of CnmimBr molecules increases, SP* increases, and the difference of SP* values between the two microemulsion systems is reduced. The effects of aqueous and oleic phases and temperatures on the phase behavior and solubilization of C14mimBr/butyric acid/alkane/aqueous phase microemulsion systems were also discussed.
Removal of Non-Ionic Surfactants in an Activated Sludge Sewage Treatment Plant
Authors: Kopiec Daniel , Rydlichowski Robert , Zembrzuska Joanna , Budnik Irena , Lukaszewski Zenon 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Non-ionic surfactants (NS) are a major source of synthetic organic carbon discharged into surface water. The aim of this work was the investigation of the influence of different factors on NS removal in an activated sludge sewage treatment plant (STP). Tensammetric analytical tools were used for fast and inexpensive NS determination. The STP in Blonie (Poland) was the subject of research. The STP's reconstruction caused a spectacular lowering of NS concentration in the treated sewage; however, in subsequent years, NS concentration significantly rose, due to a dramatic increase in the NS load. The NS load reduction in the reconstructed STP was relatively high (93.4–97.9%). The presence of exclusively alcohol ethoxylates was confirmed in the raw sewage. The residual NS concentration in treated sewage is dependent on the hydraulic retention time, the NS load and on the sludge volume index.
An inventory and topographic analysis of glaciers in the Torngat Mountains, northern Labrador, Canada
Authors: Way Robert G. , Bell Trevor , Barrand Nicholas E. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis study presents the first complete glacier inventory of the Torngat Mountains, northern Labrador, Canada. In total, 195 glaciers and ice masses are identified, covering a total area of 24.5 ± 1.8 km2. Mapped ice masses range in size from 0.01 to 1.26 km2, with a median size of 0.08 km2. Ice masses have a median elevation of 776 m a.s.l. and span an altitudinal range of 290–1500 m a.s.l. Indications of ice flow suggest at least 105 active glaciers in the Torngat Mountains. Analysis of morphometric and topographic parameters suggests that the regional distribution of ice masses is linked to physiographic setting while the preservation of coastal ice masses at low elevation is related to local meteorological conditions. In the most coastal environments, ice masses are shown to exist below the regional glaciation level due to topographic shadowing, coastal proximity and widespread debris cover. This study provides a baseline for future change assessment.
1. Genre et théorie économique
Authors: Talahite Fatiha 
Published: October 2014

L’économie est l’une des dernières sciences humaines et sociales à avoir intégré le genre. Cet article interroge la résistance de la science économique au genre et montre comment celui-ci fut finalement introduit, à travers trois moments clés de cette histoire : le débat sur la valeur du travail domestique ; la critique féministe en épistémologie et histoire de la pensée économique ; la construction d’une économie néoclassique du genre à partir des travaux de Gary Becker. Grâce à l’importante production qui en a résulté, l’économie a certes pu rattraper son retard, mais elle a absorbé le genre sans avoir été ébranlée dans ses fondements. L’économie du genre s’est moulée dans les divisions de la science économique.
6. Où en est-on de la ségrégation professionnelle ?
Authors: Lemière Séverine , Silvera Rachel 
Published: October 2014

Hommes et femmes n’occupent toujours pas les mêmes métiers. Malgré les nombreux programmes de mixité des emplois, cette ségrégation professionnelle résiste. Les femmes restent concentrées dans le soin ou l’éducation. Les dernières données concluent qu’il faudrait qu’un peu plus de la moitié des femmes (et des hommes) change de métiers pour une répartition égalitaire. Comment inciter à un tel « déplacement de populations » ? Est-ce d’ailleurs réellement souhaitable ? Cet article revient sur les contours de cette ségrégation, son évolution, ses explications et les actions publiques développées jusqu’alors, puis propose une approche complémentaire pour favoriser l’égalité salariale : revaloriser les emplois à prédominance féminine.
19. Ce que le genre fait à l'analyse de la mondialisation néolibérale : L'ombre portée des systèmes militaro-industriels sur les « femmes globales »
Authors: Falquet Jules 
Published: October 2014

Avec la mondialisation, de nombreuses femmes sont entrées sur le marché du travail. Cela peut être perçu comme une évolution positive, mais combiner une analyse en termes de genre à une analyse en termes de classe et de « race » permet de montrer que les améliorations qui touchent les femmes dans leur ensemble peuvent être réalisées au détriment de certaines d’entre elles en particulier. Ainsi émerge la catégorie des « femmes de services », composée majoritairement de femmes non-privilégiées contraintes d’exercer des activités du « care » ou des activités liées au commerce du sexe. Dans le cadre de la militarisation néolibérale, leur émergence va de pair avec celle des « hommes en armes » qui contribuent à la précarisation des femmes, et plus particulièrement de celles des pays du Sud.