bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central serous chorioretinopathy and the sclera: what we have learned so far
Authors: Koizumi Hideki , Imanaga Naoya , Terao Nobuhiro 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCentral serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a common disorder characterized by serous retinal detachment. Several studies using indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) have revealed that choroidal filling delay, choroidal vascular dilation, and choroidal vascular hyperpermeability are the characteristic findings of CSC. These ICGA findings confirm that choroidal circulatory disturbances are the primary factors in the pathogenesis of CSC. With advancements in optical coherence tomography (OCT), choroidal thickness has been found to be significantly greater in eyes with CSC than in normal eyes. Dilated large choroidal vessels reportedly account for the thickened choroid in eyes with CSC. Although many possible mechanisms and risk factors have been suggested, the pathophysiologic features of choroidal circulatory disturbances and choroidal thickening in eyes with CSC have not yet been fully elucidated. Recently, using anterior segment OCT, we proposed that the sclera may induce choroidal circulatory disturbances since CSC eyes have significantly thicker sclera than do normal eyes. This review summarizes updated information on the close relationship between CSC pathogenesis and the sclera.
The interactive fusion of characters and lexical information for Chinese named entity recognition
Authors: Wang Ye , Wang Zheng , Yu Hong , Wang Guoyin , Lei Dajiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMany studies have demonstrated that incorporating lexical information into characters can effectively improve the performance of Chinese Named Entity Recognition (CNER). However, we argue that previous studies have not extensively explored the interactive relationship between characters and lexical information, and have only used the lexical information to enhance character-level representation. To address this limitation, we propose an interactive fusion approach that integrates characters and lexical information for CNER. Specifically, we first design graph attention networks to initially fuse character and lexical information within an interactive graph structure. Additionally, by introducing methods such as feedforward neural networks, residual connections, and layer normalization, the fusion effect of the graph attention network is further enhanced. Finally, concatenating and reducing dimensionality of character feature vectors and lexical feature vectors to achieve secondary fusion, thereby obtaining a more comprehensive feature representation. Experimental results on multiple datasets demonstrate that our proposed model outperforms other models that fuse lexical information. Particularly, on the CCKS2020 and Ontonotes datasets, our model achieves higher F1 scores than previous state-of-the-art models. The code is available via the link: https://github.com/wangye0523/The-interactive-fusion-of-characters-and-lexical-information-for-Chinese-named-entity-recognition.
Cross-taxon analysis in the highly threatened Mediterranean dunes reveals consistent diversity patterns in butterfly and plant communities
Authors: Rasino Micaela del Valle , Fattorini Simone , Sciarretta Andrea , Colacci Marco , Stanisci Angela , Carranza Maria Laura 
Published: August 2024

AbstractButterflies and plant species are widely used as model systems in biodiversity and conservation research. However, little is known about spatial patterns of butterfly diversity linked to plant communities across coastal dune ecotones. We explored the relation between butterfly and vegetation diversity in a Mediterranean protected dune system in Central Italy. We sampled butterfly and plant communities on shifting and fixed dunes and investigated their distribution patterns by diversity indexes and Species Abundance Diversity models (SADs). We also computed species beta-diversity and analyzed the relation between butterfly communities and vegetation by correlation analyses. Cross-taxon congruence in species richness, composition and abundance was assessed using Mantel correlation tests. Both butterfly and plant diversity were higher on the fixed dunes than on the shifting dunes. In both communities, SADs were adequately described by the geometric series model, which is typical of harsh environments with simple communities dominated by few species. Among both butterflies and plants, we identified species found only on either the shifting or the fixed dunes. Correlation between plant and butterfly diversity was higher for entomophilous plant species than for the more abundant anemophilous ones. Our results indicate that both plant and butterfly communities respond to the sea-inland environmental gradient, forming distinct communities with specialized taxa. Our findings also provide evidence of the importance of butterfly-plant relations for preserving biological diversity and ecosystem functioning in Mediterranean coastal areas.
Creating the conditions for student success through curriculum reform: the impact of an active learning, immersive block model
Authors: Wilson Erica , Roche Thomas , Goode Elizabeth , McKenzie John W. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOutcomes in higher education (HE) are influenced by the learning conditions created for students. The traditional model of HE, where students attend content-focused lectures over 12–15-week semesters, may not provide the conditions that best meet the learning needs of increasingly diverse HE cohorts. This study assessed the extent to which an immersive block model, a non-traditional form of HE delivery that employs active learning pedagogy and engages students in shorter, more focused periods of study, might enable higher student achievement and satisfaction compared to a traditional semester model. The study examined achievement (N = 27,528) and satisfaction (N = 7924) data from a public Australian university that has moved all coursework units into a 6-week immersive block model. Inferential statistical tests were used to compare results between the traditional semester and immersive block delivery over a 3-year period, as well as with results from control groups that stayed in the traditional model. Results demonstrate that immersive block learning underpinned by an active learning pedagogy has had a statistically significant positive impact on the academic success of various cohorts of undergraduate learners. Stronger improvements in student success were observed in first-year units compared to second and third-year units, suggesting that the immersive block model may be particularly beneficial for students transitioning into HE. Satisfaction was statistically lower relative to the traditional model, particularly in science and engineering, suggesting a need for further investigation into causes of lower satisfaction in these disciplines.
Prognostic value of non-invasive programmed ventricular stimulation after VT ablation to predict VT recurrences
Authors: Müller Julian , Chakarov Ivaylo , Nentwich Karin , Berkovitz Artur , Barth Sebastian , Ausbüttel Felix , Wächter Christian , Lehrmann Heiko , Deneke Thomas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The prognostic value of (non)-invasive programmed ventricular stimulation (NIPS) to predict recurrences of ventricular tachycardia (VT) is under discussion. Optimal endpoints of VT ablation are not well defined, and optimal timepoint of NIPS is unknown. The goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of programmed ventricular stimulation at the end of the VT ablation procedure (PVS) and NIPS after VT ablation to identify patients at high risk for VT recurrence.

Methods
Between January 2016 and February 2022, consecutive patients with VT and structural heart disease undergoing first VT ablation and consecutive NIPS were included. In total, 138 patients were included. All patients underwent NIPS through their implanted ICDs after a median of 3 (1–5) days after ablation (at least 2 drive cycle lengths (500 and 400 ms) and up to four right ventricular extrastimuli until refractoriness). Clinical VT was defined by comparison with 12-lead electrocardiograms and stored ICD electrograms from spontaneous VT episodes. Patients were followed for a median of 37 (13–61) months.

Results
Of the 138 patients, 104 were non-inducible (75%), 27 were inducible for non-clinical VTs (20%), and 7 for clinical VT (5%). In 107 patients (78%), concordant results of PVS and NIPS were observed. After 37 ± 20 months, the recurrence rate for any ventricular arrhythmia was 40% (normal NIPS 29% vs. inducible VT during NIPS 66%; log-rank p = 0.001) and for clinical VT was 3% (normal NIPS 1% vs. inducible VT during NIPS 9%; log-rank p = 0.045). Positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of NIPS were higher compared to PVS (PPV: 65% vs. 46% and NPV: 68% vs. 61%). NIPS revealed the highest NPV among patients with ICM and LVEF > 35%. Patients with inducible VT during NIPS had the highest VT recurrences and overall mortality. Patients with both negative PVS and NIPS had the lowest any VT recurrence rates with 32%. Early re-ablation of patients with recurrent VTs during index hospitalization was feasible but did not reveal better long-term VT-free survival.

Conclusions
In patients after VT ablation and structural heart disease, NIPS is superior to post-ablation PVS to stratify the risk of VT recurrences. The PPV and NPV of NIPS at day 3 were superior compared to PVS at the end of the procedure to predict recurrent VT, especially in patients with ICM.

Graphical Abstract
A Relational Frame Theory-Based Intervention for Improving Reading and Mathematical Competencies Among School Children
Authors: Stricker Charles , Mao Jin , Cassidy Sarah , Colbert Dylan , Roche Bryan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe current study examined the effect of an online relational skills training program, strengthening mental abilities with relational training (SMART), on scores on standardized classroom diagnostic assessments. Several previous studies suggested that this novel intervention has a reliable impact on intelligence scores and some domains of cognitive ability relevant in the educational setting. The current study employed a single-blind design and a matched control group in the delivery of the SMART intervention in 45-min sessions 1–3 times per week over approximately 10 weeks, with students completing the intervention within two weeks of each other. Standardized classroom diagnostic assessments were delivered pre- and post-intervention. The results showed that, controlling for baseline scores, the intervention group performed significantly better than the controls in the mathematics and reading domains post-intervention. Gains in both reading and mathematics were large and significant from pre- to post-intervention for the treatment group, but modest significant gains were also found for the control group.
Take Action, Recover Well? The Role of Daily Proactive Recovery Strategies for Recovery, Stress, Affect, and Next-Day Performance
Authors: Kujanpää Miika , Olafsen Anja Hagen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAlthough both employee wellbeing and performance are valued by organizations, achieving them conjointly is not simple in practice. Prior studies have highlighted the role of daily experiences of recovery from work stress for employee wellbeing and performance. In a work-life characterized by pressures to intensify the pace of work, employees may increasingly use proactive efforts to shape their daily off-job time to effectively recover from stress and maintain their wellbeing and performance. Based on the integrative needs model of crafting, effort-recovery model, and conservation of resources theory as guiding frameworks, we examine whether employees’ daily proactive recovery strategies predict daily off-job and work stress, affect, and subjective work performance through enhanced recovery experiences. Daily diary measurements were collected among a sample of 377 Norwegian employees across a period of two weeks in early 2022 (from Monday to Thursday, i.e., eight measurement days in total). Results of Bayesian multilevel models showed that crafting for detachment, for relaxation, and for autonomy during off-job time negatively predicted off-job stress and negative affect through matching recovery experiences, whereas crafting for mastery positively predicted positive affect through mastery experiences. Crafting for relaxation and for autonomy were directly negatively related to next-day work stress, but these effects were not mediated by matching recovery experiences. Crafting for autonomy positively predicted next-day self-rated work performance through control experiences. Our study contributes to the literature on recovery from work by highlighting proactive recovery strategies as important initiators of daily recovery processes.
Barriers to Initiating Psychotherapy Faced by Jewish-Identified People in the United States
Authors: Berman Anna Jean , Woolley Scott 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The researchers investigated stigma against psychotherapy, Jewish culture, Rabbinical influence, and religiosity as perceived barriers by Jewish persons in the United States when initiating psychotherapy (n = 94). Researchers discovered stigma as a barrier (p = 0.015). Age, location, gender, and relationship status were added as predictors, revealing male gender (t(84) = 6.257, p < 0.001) as a negative predictor, and Rabbinical influence (t(84) = 2.049, p = 0.044) as a positive predictor for initiating psychotherapy.
Assessing Teachers’ Knowledge of How to Use Computer Programming in Science and Technology Education
Authors: Karlsen Niklas , Henriksen Ellen Karoline , Pajchel Katarina 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Programming and computational thinking have been introduced into the curricula of several countries, also in relation to science and technology education. Preparing pre-service teachers for using programming in science education is therefore an important and relevant task. The purpose of this article is to describe what knowledge may be relevant for teachers who are to use programming in science and technology education and to propose a questionnaire to aid in assessing this knowledge. The proposed questionnaire can be used for tracking development over time and for identifying areas where teachers need more knowledge.
Theorizing democratic conflicts beyond agonism
Authors: August Vincent , Westphal Manon 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWhile democratic societies experience intense conflicts about topics such as migration and climate action, there is no sound theory of democratic conflict. Agonistic theories emphasize the importance of conflict for democracy, but disregard conflict dynamics. Conflict sociology has focused on international or violent conflicts and neglects democratic conflicts. This article shows how this lacuna can be overcome. First, it develops an innovative, empirically informed processual approach to democratic conflicts. To this end, it draws on a broad range of scholarship from sociology and social psychology, and integrates relevant insights into a processual framework for analyzing democratic conflicts that explores mechanisms of escalation, de-escalation, and reconciliation. Second, the article illustrates how this approach can ground a more elaborated democratic theory of conflict that concretizes how and when conflicts are beneficial to democracy, and explores the practices and institutions that democracies employ to cope with different conflict dynamics.
Thirty-five years of sensemaking in the business & management research: a bibliometric analysis, review and discussion
Authors: Eckstein Gary , Shrestha Anup , Russo Fiona 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSensemaking is widely acknowledged as providing valuable guidance on how individuals and groups organize to perceive issues at stake, thereby lessening the negative impacts of future unknowns. Sensemaking is not a new field, yet events surrounding the recent COVID-19 pandemic may benefit from a sensemaking perspective. While prior reviews have considered sensemaking research, this is arguably the first bibliometric review of sensemaking and its application across the entire business and management domain. From 2,838 articles, we used performance analysis and science mapping techniques to offer propositions and avenues for future research. We advance theory and offer practical implications by identifying and providing context about prominent theorists, authors, journals, articles, and environments where sensemaking has been studied. Thirty-five years after the first article on sensemaking was published, this paper offers an extensive review demonstrating the evolution, current interests, and future directions of sensemaking research in the business and management discipline.
Comparative analysis of bacterial populations in sulfonylurea-sensitive and -resistant weeds: insights into community composition and catabolic gene dynamics
Authors: Homa Jan , Wilms Wiktoria , Marcinkowska Katarzyna , Cyplik Paweł , Ławniczak Łukasz , Woźniak-Karczewska Marta , Niemczak Michał , Chrzanowski Łukasz 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to compare the impact of iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium and an iodosulfuron-based herbicidal ionic liquid (HIL) on the microbiomes constituting the epiphytes and endophytes of cornflower (Centaurea cyanus L.). The experiment involved biotypes of cornflower susceptible and resistant to acetolactate synthase inhibition, examining potential bacterial involvement in sulfonylurea herbicide detoxification. We focused on microbial communities present on the surface and in the plant tissues of roots and shoots. The research included the synthesis and physicochemical analysis of a novel HIL, evaluation of shifts in bacterial community composition, analysis of the presence of catabolic genes associated with sulfonylurea herbicide degradation and determination of their abundance in all experimental variants. Overall, for the susceptible biotype, the biodiversity of the root microbiome was higher compared to shoot microbiome; however, both decreased notably after herbicide or HIL applications. The herbicide-resistant biotype showed lower degree of biodiversity changes, but shifts in community composition occurred, particularly in case of HIL treatment.
Graphical Abstract
Lehrende unterstützen Lernende beim mathematischen Argumentieren mit Feedback-Dialogen – eine Mixed Methods-Studie
Authors: Hess Kurt , Smit Robbert 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung
Wir schätzten in einer sequenziell erklärenden Mixed Methods-Studie (MMS) die Qualität von Feedback-Dialogen (QFD) zwischen Lehrenden und einzelnen Lernenden während Unterrichtsphasen zum mathematischen Argumentieren ein und prüften die lernseitigen Fortschritte nach einer 9‑wöchigen Intervention in fünften und sechsten Primarschulklassen. Höchste und tiefste QFD-Werte sowie grösste und geringste klassenbezogene Leistungssteigerungen bildeten die quantitativen Kriterien für die Auswahl von je zwei Lehrenden, die wir bezüglich ‚Überzeugungen zum mathematischen Argumentieren’ und dessen ‚Unterstützung mit Feedbacks’ interviewten und qualitativ auswerteten. Die daraus hervorgehenden Dispositionen wurden mit der QFD – als fremdeingeschätzte Performanz – und den Schülerleistungen verglichen. Die Interviews spiegeln fast einheitliche, (sozial-) konstruktivistische, struktur- und kommunikationsorientierte Überzeugungen. Einzig die beiden Lehrpersonen mit geringsten klassenbezogenen Fortschritten fallen mit instruktional geprägten Aussagen auf und lassen auf eine ungünstige Beziehung zwischen der lehrseitigen Einstellung und den klassenbezogenen Fortschritten schliessen. Die Frage, warum sich zwei Klassen maximal steigerten, beantworten wir vor dem Hintergrund der Lehr- und Lernbedingungen: Kleine Klassen, wenige Kinder mit Deutsch als Zweitsprache und zusätzlichem Förderbedarf erklären die Fortschritte eher als die quantitativen Auswahlkriterien. Die Studie trägt zur grundsätzlichen Klärung bei, welche subjektiven Überzeugungen hinter der intersubjektiv eingeschätzten Unterstützung des Argumentierens und hinter klassenbezogenen Fortschritten stehen.
Understanding Myeloma-Related Information Needs and Communication Preferences Within Black American Communities: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Esquivel N. S. , Tzeng J. P. , Treiman K. , Husick C. H. , Sheridan J. , Ortiz-Ravick L. , Sae-Hau M. , Brown L. , DeMairo K. , Bell N. , Disare K. , Weiss E. S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Myeloma is the third most common blood cancer and one of the most complex and expensive cancers to treat. Black Americans face health disparities related to myeloma incidence, age at diagnosis, access to novel treatments, and mortality. To help reduce health disparities among Black Americans through education and outreach, the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society has implemented its Myeloma Link initiative. In 2022, a formative, qualitative evaluation was conducted across the 15 U.S. cities that implemented Myeloma Link to better understand the information and communication needs and preferences of three groups: patients, community members, and primary care providers (PCPs). Data collection included interviews with eight patients, two focus groups with a total of ten community members, and interviews with six PCPs. Patients expressed wanting information about treatment experiences, including clinical trials, and emotional and peer support services, particularly from other Black American patients. Community members were largely unfamiliar with myeloma and desired outreach via trusted community organizations about disease signs and symptoms. Both groups discussed the importance of self-advocacy within the current healthcare system and wanted actionable messaging, rather than messaging leading with disparities statistics. PCPs described systemic capacity and time challenges in the context of needing to address more frequently encountered health conditions; nonetheless, PCPs welcomed information and brief trainings about myeloma diagnosis and treatment options, referrals to specialists, and how to improve care, prognosis, and caregiver support. Findings underscore the importance of outreach initiatives such as Myeloma Link to help meet these needs and reduce health disparities.