bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of chemically modified vegetable tannins as coagulants for water treatment
Authors: Anjos Bruna Ferreira dos , Azevêdo Tatiane Kelly Barbosa de , Silva Elaine Cristina Alves da , Nascimento Paula Evanyn Pessoa do , Paiva Kayo Lucas Batista de , Silva Luan Cavalcanti da , Pimenta Alexandre Santos 
Published: July 2024

This research assessed the efficiency of chemically modified tannins as coagulants for water treatment. Tannins from Anacardium occidentale (cashew tree) and Mimosa caesalpiniifolia (‘sabiá’) barks and seedless fruits of Anadenanthera colubrina (‘angico’) and Pityrocarpa moniliformis (‘angico de bezerro’) were evaluated after cationization to remove turbidity from water. After extraction, the total solids content (TSC), Stiasny index (SI), and total condensed tannins content (TCC) of the tannins extracts were determined. Extracted tannins were converted into powders and cationized. Then, the cationized tannins' effectiveness on water turbidity removal, sedimentation time, and effect on pH were assessed. Three concentrations of each type of tannin were used to evaluate flocculant efficiency: 50, 100, and 150 mg L-1. Although the P. moniliformis extract had a higher TSC value (56.06%), it presented the lowest SI (0.42%) and TTC (0.23%) values. M. caesalpiniifolia had the lowest TSC (9.18%) and the highest SI (91.27%), while Ac occidentale stood out with the highest TCC (19.83%). All species have shown potential for tannin production and efficiently removed turbidity at all concentrations. However, only A. occidentale, at a concentration of 100 mg L-1, presented a nephelometric turbidity unit of 2.4, reaching the potability standards required by international specifications and, therefore, being indicated for water treatment.
Keywords: condensed tannins, forest species, natural flocculants, turbidity removal.
Determination of Species Identity and Genetic Diversity of Aedes aegypti and Other Medically Important Mosquitoes of India Using DNA Barcoding
Authors: Nath Amol , Gangopadhayya Abhranil , Ghuge Onkar , Kumar Surendra , Ramdasi Ashwini , Karlekar Sanjay , Sudeep Anakkathil B. , Lole Kavita S. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT.
Aedes aegypti–borne viruses (i.e., dengue, chikungunya, and Zika) have become endemic to India, posing a severe threat to public health. Vector control remains the mainstay of disease management due to nonavailability of licensed vaccines/therapeutics. Conventional morpho-taxonomical methods cannot differentiate between closely related sibling species or species complexes, and hence we evaluated two molecular markers, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (Cox1) and nuclear DNA internal transcribed spacer 2 (-2) gene sequences, to characterize seven populations of Ae. aegypti and four medically important mosquito species (Aedes albopictus, Anopheles stephensi, Culex tritaeniorhyncus, and Culex murrelli). DNA extracted from the 11 mosquito populations (two mosquitoes per population) was polymerase chain reaction amplified, sequenced, and analyzed. Molecular characterization was found to be congruent with morphological identification, suggesting no variants or cryptic species exist in Ae. aegypti and the other mosquitoes studied. Phylogenetic analysis with sequences obtained with Cox1 gene of Ae. aegypti and other Aedes and non-Aedes mosquito species showed clustering of sequences from different species representing different clades, distinctly separating one taxon from the other, whereas ITS-2 sequences of Aedes aegypti from across the world clustered tightly. Nucleotide divergence values revealed a low percentage of intraspecies variation and a higher percentage of interspecies variation. The present study authenticates the applicability of Cox1 and ITS-2 in the precise identification of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes against cryptic or sibling species. Cox1 appeared to be a more reliable marker because it showed distinct clustering of mosquito species, and some sequence variations to represent genetic diversity.
Healthcare Providers’ and Frontline Workers’ Experiences of an Ebola Vaccine Trial in the Boende Health District of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Zola Matuvanga Trésor , Bolombo Freddy Bikioli , Paviotti Antea , Larivière Ynke , Lemey Gwen , Salloum Maha , Osang’ir Bernard Isekah , Matangila Junior , Maketa Vivi , Esanga Emmanuel , Milolo Solange , Mitashi Patrick , Van Damme Pierre , Muhindo-Mavoko Hypolite , Van Geertruyden Jean-Pierre 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT.
This study explored the experiences of healthcare providers (HCPs) and frontline workers who were involved in an Ebola vaccine trial in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The researchers interviewed a total of 99 participants (HCPs and frontline workers) living and working in the Boende health district during the period of the study, from February to March 2022. These individuals included a mix of trial participants and non-trial participants (staff of the trial, local health authorities, and head nurses of health centers). In-depth individual interviews, as well as focus group discussions (FGDs), were used to understand interviewees’ experiences and perceptions. The data were analyzed to identify the main themes. The findings unveiled a multitude of positive experiences among interviewees/FGD participants. The commitment of the trial investigators to improve the study site and to equip the volunteers with necessary skills and knowledge greatly contributed to a positive trial experience. However, some interviewees felt that the reimbursement for time and travel expenses during their trial visits was insufficient in comparison with their expectations. Additionally, there were expressions of worry about the frequency of blood draws during scheduled trial visits. Our findings emphasize the critical importance of addressing and continuously considering the perspectives and concerns of trial participants before designing and implementing vaccine trials. By actively incorporating their inputs, researchers can mitigate concerns and tailor communication strategies, potentially enhancing the overall success and impact of the vaccine trial.
Mothers’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding the Prevention and Management of Diarrhea among Children in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bano Shaher , Sultana Nighat , Ahmed Haroon , Zhang Jing , Cao Jianping 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT.
Diarrheal disease is the second leading cause of death worldwide in children under 5 years old, after pneumonia. Fortunately, diarrhea is a preventable disease that can be avoided by implementing basic home management strategies. Mothers are essential to its management and prevention; therefore, this study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of mothers in Pakistan related to diarrheal disease prevention and management. The study was conducted using a cross-sectional design in three cities of Pakistan from September 2022 to December 2022. A questionnaire was used to collect data on mothers’ sociodemographic characteristics and their knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to the prevention and management of diarrheal diseases. A total of 356 mothers (81.7% of them were housewives, and 58.4% were 25–34 years old) participated in the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and tests of association. Significant associations were found between mothers’ income, education, and ethnicity and their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the prevention and management of diarrheal diseases (P <0.05). However, no significant association was found between the other variables. The knowledge and attitudes of the mothers regarding the prevention and management of diarrhea were satisfactory; however, their prevention-related practices and home-based management were unsatisfactory. Therefore, community education, formation of health and hygiene committees, and dissemination of user-friendly information are crucial for creating awareness about the prevention and management of diarrheal diseases. These measures can help improve the practices of mothers and reduce the incidence of diarrheal diseases in Pakistan.
Case Report and Review of the Literature: Ischemic Stroke in Dengue Virus Infection
Authors: Singh Jitendra , Sinha Anshika , Dinkar Anju , Kumar Nilesh , Kumar Kailash 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT.
Dengue continues to pose a global health challenge, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas. Dengue can impact various organs, including the central nervous system, and can cause various neurological symptoms, although stroke is an uncommon complication. Among strokes, ischemic stroke is very uncommon in dengue. A 27-year-old unmarried female was referred to our institution with 8 days of fever and myalgia, 5 days of vomiting, and 3 days of altered sensorium. Small-sized bilateral pupils reacted slowly to light. Chest auscultation revealed diffuse coarse crepitation. Poor general condition and labored breathing led to intensive care unit transfer and intubation. Her contrast-enhanced brain magnetic resonance image showed chronic pontine infarction. She was diagnosed with dengue fever (NS1Ag positive) complicated by bilateral pontine infarction. After a long course of illness, she was finally discharged to home in good recovery status. Clinicians need to be aware of the uncommon dengue presentation of stroke. Treatment is supportive with variable outcomes.
Seasonal Dynamics of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax Infections in Coendemic Low-Transmission Settings, South Ethiopia
Authors: Molla Eshetu , Dugassa Sisay , Alemayehu Lina , Ejigu Legesse Alamerie , Deressa Jimma Dinsa , Demisse Mulugeta , Abdo Melat , Wolde Behaksra Sinknesh , Keffale Migbaru , Tadesse Fitsum G. , Gadisa Endalamaw , Mamo Hassen 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT.
Ethiopia has a plan to eliminate malaria in selected low-transmission districts by 2025. However, complex factors such as seasonality, focal heterogeneity, and coendemicity of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum, and asymptomatic cases, along with other factors, pose challenges. This longitudinal study assessed these dynamics and associated factors in three elimination-targeted settings in southern Ethiopia. The study included rural districts (Wonago and Yirgacheffe) and an urban setting (Dilla town) with 504 participants from 168 households per season. The study covered the peak and minor malaria transmission seasons and the dry season. Finger-prick blood was collected for microscopy, rapid diagnostic tests, and 18S-rRNA-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). During the dry season, P. vivax accounted for most infections (64.5%, 71/110) and symptomatic malaria (50.9%, 29/57), whereas P. falciparum dominated during the peak transmission season (45.7%, 42/92 infections and 58.1%, 25/43 of symptomatic cases). Treatment-seeking behavior was low, with 65.3% (143/219) of symptomatic individuals not seeking treatment. Dilla town had significantly higher infection prevalence (29.6%, 149/504, P <0.001) in all seasons compared with the rural sites. The incidence rate was 12/1,000 person-seasons by qPCR and 5/1,000 person-seasons by microscopy. Urban residents, those with low hemoglobin levels, nonuse of mosquito nets, and proximity to stagnant water had a significantly higher risk of infection (P <0.001). Tailored approaches are needed in elimination-targeted areas, focusing on urban settings, Plasmodium species, and strengthening community-level interventions for behavioral change and active case detection.
The Impact of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis RDRio Subfamily on Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Latin America: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Castro-Rodríguez Bernardo , Cazar-Ramos Cristina , Franco-Sotomayor Greta , Cardenas-Franco Greta Ester , Orlando Solon Alberto , García-Bereguiain Miguel Angel 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT.
Latin American region is a high-burden setting for tuberculosis where multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is among the main challenge to move forward the End TB Strategy goals. It has been shown that MDR-TB is associated to certain Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) lineages like L2-Beijing sublineage or L4-LAM. Although L2-Beijing is present in South America, the L4 lineage is the most prevalent with values ranging from 75% to 99% depending on the country. Within L4, Latin American–Mediterranean (LAM) family is the most prevalent. Moreover, within LAM, RDRio subfamily is present in high prevalence in several countries in South America like Venezuela or Brazil. RDRio has been associated to MDR-TB in several studies in Brazil but more epidemiological information is needed for South America. Here we discuss the problem of MDR-TB in Latin America and the potential threat that RDRio could represent. At this time, more molecular epidemiology studies are necessary to improve TB surveillance programs in Latin America by tracking MTB strains potentially responsible for MDR-TB spread.
Comparison of creatine kinase elevation caused by Janus kinase inhibitors and interleukin-6 inhibitors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A propensity score-matched study
Authors: Tada Masahiro , Okano Tadashi , Mamaoto Kenji , Yamada Yutaro , Orita Kazuki , Mandai Koji , Anno Shohei , Iida Takahiro , Inui Kentaro , Koike Tatsuya 
Published: July 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to examine whether creatine kinase (CK) elevation occurs with interleukin (IL)-6 inhibitors, as in Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, which are reported to increase CK levels in rheumatoid arthritis.
Patients and methods: A multicenter database of JAK inhibitor and IL-6 inhibitor treatment was retrospectively searched between January 2016 to December 2022; 142 cases (117 females, 25 males, mean age: 63.8±13.0 years; range, 20 to 85 years), with 71 cases in each group, were extracted by propensity score matching using age, sex, body mass index, and CK at 0 weeks. The outlier rate was compared. Patients’ background characteristics related to elevated CK levels at 24 weeks were investigated by univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results: Creatine kinase levels at 4 and 12 weeks were significantly higher with JAK inhibitors than with IL-6 inhibitors (four weeks, 72 vs. 87.5 IU/mL, p=0.016; 12 weeks, 71 vs. 95.5 IU/mL, p=0.028). The outlier rate (Grade 1) with JAK inhibitors increased significantly over time (0 weeks, 4.2%; four weeks, 18.1%; 12 weeks, 21.7%; 24 weeks, 18.3%; p=0.015), whereas that with IL-6 inhibitors increased slightly (0 weeks, 5.6%; four weeks, 9.2%; 12 weeks, 8.6%; 24 weeks, 8.5%; p=0.745), with a significant difference between the groups (p=0.035). No patients discontinued treatment due to myalgia or renal dysfunction. The factors significantly positively related to elevated CK levels at 24 weeks were male sex and creatinine. Those significantly negatively related were Steinbrocker stage and class, modified health assessment questionnaire scores, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and glucocorticoid dose.
Conclusion: Mild CK elevations with JAK inhibitors are not a particular clinical problem. CK elevation might be specific to JAK inhibitors.
Protection of motherhood and childhood in places of forced detention: topical issues of legal regulation
Authors: Рубцов Д.И. , Виноградова М.О. 
Published: July 2024

В статье рассмотрена специфика обеспечения конституционного принципа охраны материнства и детства в условиях деятельности уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации, выявлены особенности современной нормативно-правовой базы, регламентирующей соответствующие отношения, обозначены существующие проблемы в данной сфере, осуществлена попытка сформулировать некоторые предложения по их минимизации.
he article studies the specifics of ensuring the constitutional principle of protection of motherhood and childhood in the context of the Russian penal system, identifies features of the modern regulatory framework governing the relevant relations, identifies existing problems in this area, and attempts to formulate some proposals to minimize them.
Functorial Properties of the Space for Stratifiable Spaces X
Authors: Zhuraev Tursunboy , Salleh Zabidin , Nurillaev Muzaffar 
Published: July 2024

In the category of stratifiable spaces and continuous mappings into itself, we bring one construction belonging to Coty called test space, which defines a covariant functor in this category. This construction defines a functor , which allows each stratifiable space to be immersed in a closed manner into some other space which is a stratifiable space with "Good" functorial, geometric and topological properties. It is shown that the functor is a normal, open and monadic functor in this category of stratifiable spaces and continuous mappings into itself. And also it is studied the dimensional properties of the space for the stratifiable space , defined for each subfunctor of the functor for which the dimension satisfies the inequality: .
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN BIBIT PADI BERKUALITAS PADA LAHAN RAWA MENGGUNAKAN METODE DEMATEL DAN MFEP
Authors: Ulya Azizatul , Muliadi Muliadi , Herteno Rudy , Farmadi Andi , Abadi Friska 
Published: July 2024

Bidang pertanian merupakan salah satu sektor penting di Indonesia. Sebagian besar masyarakat Indonesia bergantung pada sektor ini sebagai petani padi. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hasil akurasi perankingan alternatif bibit padi pada lahan rawa menggunakan metode metode Decision Trial Making And Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) dan Multifactor Evaluation Process (MFEP). Data yang sudah dikumpulkan kemudian akan dianalisis untuk mendapatkan atribut apa saja yang akan dimasukkan dalam perancangan sistem untuk metode membobotan dan perankingan menggunakan metode DEMATEL dan MFEP. Hasil pembobotan yang didapatkan dengan metode Dematel yaitu umur tanaman adalah 0,2277, tinggi tanaman adalah 0,1961, anakan produktif tanaman adalah 0,1921, ketahanan terhadap hama adalah 0,1294, ketahanan terhadap penyakit adalah 0,0896 dan ketahanan terhadap genangan air adalah 0,1652. Jika nilai bobot dijumlahkan maka hasilnya sama dengan 1. Kesimpulan bahwa Nilai bobot kriteria menggunakan metode Dematel pada pemilihan bibit padi pada lahan rawa yang terdiri dari 6 kriteria, yaitu umur tanaman adalah 0,2277, tinggi tanaman adalah 0,1961, anakan produktif tanaman adalah 0,1921, ketahanan terhadap hama adalah 0,1294, ketahanan terhadap penyakit adalah 0,0896 dan ketahanan terhadap genangan air adalah 0,1652. Nilai perbandingan hasil pemilihan bibit padi pada lahan rawa menggunakan metode Dematel dan MFEP dengan keputusan pihak Balai Penyuluhan Pertanian (BPP) berdasarkan perhitungan akurasi yang didapatkan dari MAE (Mean Absolute Error) adalah 80,42%.
Apresentação
Authors: Lessa Cláudio Humberto , Procópio-Xavier Mariana Ramalho , Abreu-Aoki Raquel 
Published: July 2024

Apresentação do Dossiê Estudos Linguísticos: Análise do Discurso. Cronotopias da intimidade em diversos corpora e suportes: um tributo a Leonor Arfuch.
Increasing Employee Complaint Data Collection With The Ticketing System Helpdesk Application And Ticket Progress Monitoring
Authors: Viarsyah Muhammad Iqbal , Meiriska Ienda , Siregar Dewi Immawati , Sartika Devi 
Published: July 2024

The purpose of writing this Final Report is to create a Web-Based Helpdesk Application with a Ticketing System and Integration of Progress Monitoring Features to Improve Action Data Collection on Employee Complaints for the Population Control and Family Planning Office of Muara Enim Regency which includes ticket data input, edit and delete ticket data, manage news and users, as well as viewing user logs data by Admin. While Users (Customers / Employees) can make tickets, view news and can see the status of ticket work. The method used for preparing this report is the SDLC Waterfall system development method. The process used to design this system is the Unified Modeling Language (UML) and uses the PHP framework programming language, namely Laravel and the MySQL database. This system is divided into 3 parts, namely Admin, technicians and Users (Customers / Employees). By making this application, it is hoped that it will be able to improve data collection on actions against employee complaints for the Population Control and Family Planning Office of Muara Enim Regency.Â Abstrak:Â Tujuan Penulisan Laporan Akhir ini adalah untuk membuat Aplikasi Helpdesk Berbasis Web Dengan Sistem Ticketing Dan Integrasi Fitur Pemantauan Progress Untuk Meningkatkan Pendataan Tindakan Terhadap Keluhan Karyawan Untuk Dinas Pengendalian Penduduk Dan Keluarga Berencana Kabupaten Muara Enim yang meliputi input data ticket, edit dan hapus data ticket, mengelola berita dan user, serta meliihat data user logs oleh Admin. Sedangkan User(Customer/Pegawai) dapat membuat tiket, melihat berita serta dapat melihat status pengerjaan ticket. Metode yang digunakan untuk pembuatan laporan ini adalah menggunakan metode pengembangan sistem SDLC Waterfall. Proses yang digunakan untuk mendesain sistem ini adalah Unified Modeling Language (UML) dan menggunakan Bahasa pemrograman framework PHP yaitu Laravel serta database MySQL. Sistem ini terbagi menjadi 3 bagian yaitu Admin, teknisi dan User (Customer/Pegawai). Dengan dibuatnya aplikasi ini diharapkan dapat Meningkatkan Pendataan Tindakan Terhadap Keluhan Karyawan Untuk Dinas Pengendalian Penduduk Dan Keluarga Berencana Kabupaten Muara enim.
Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Churna for Constipation
Authors: Mr. Jaydeep V Satre  , Prof. Suryawanshi R. K  , Bushan B Wagh  , Vishal C Waghchaure  , Pranit P Surwade  
Published: July 2024

Formulation and evaluation of herbal churna for constipation.
•	Churna is a very famous ayurvedic medicine for constipation. It is a traditional ayurvedic medicine.
•	The goal of treatment relives the cause of constipation and to promote regular and predictable bowel movement.
•	Regulates bowel movement.
•	Relieves frequent and chronic constipation.
•	Helps to pass stool more smoothly.
•	churna is a very famous Ayurvedic medicine for constipation. It is not a traditional Ayurvedic medicine.
•	It is a proprietary Ayurvedic medicine. It means that the formula of Kayam churna is not mentioned in any Traditional Ayurvedic text books.
•	The manufacturer of Churna, Sheth Brothers, formulated a combination of few Ayurvedic herbs that benefit in constipation, blended them into powder form and labelled it as churna.
•	As the standardization of herbal formulation is great concern for its safety and efficacy for that reason this work is aimed to formulation comparative evaluation of churna with marketed product.
Churna, a traditional Ayurvedic formulation, has been used for centuries to treat constipation. The powder, composed of a blend of natural herbs and ingredients, stimulates bowel movements, softens stools, and relieves straining during defecation. With its natural and safe composition, Churna offers a cost-effective and minimally invasive solution for managing constipation. These abstract reviews the ingredients, preparation, and pharmacological properties of Churna, highlighting its potential as a natural remedy for constipation relief..