bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fasciolosis
Authors: Dietrich C. , Kabaalioglu A. , Brunetti E. , Richter J. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractFasciolosis is a zoonosis affecting ruminants, caused by the liver flukes Fasciola (F.) hepatica, and F. gigantica, which infect at least 2.4 million people worldwide. This disease may occur in cluster or family infections or after travel in high-risk areas such as the Nile Delta in Egypt, Iran, Turkey, South-East Asia, Mexico, the Caribbean and the Andean Altiplano. In Europe, fasciolosis occurs more frequently in Portugal, Spain and France, although autochthonous infections have also been reported from Ireland and Germany. Infectious metacercariae are ingested with contaminated water or raw or undercooked vegetables. During their larval stage immature flukes migrate through the liver producing an acute febrile syndrome some weeks after infection, followed by a chronic-latent stage which may last for years or decades. Acute fasciolosis is characterized by fever, high eosinophilia and hepatosplenomegaly. At this stage ova are usually not yet produced. Diagnosis relies on the detection of specific antibodies and/or antigens in serum. Typical imaging features include multiple, ill-defined, fleeting hypodense or hypoechoic areas in the liver. Intraabdominal bleeding due to fluke’s penetration of the bowel wall or liver capsule, may occur. In chronic latent fasciolosis the diagnosis is achieved by specific serology tests, detection of eggs in bile and parasitological examinations of multiple enriched stools samples. Ultrasonography may sometimes reveal a dilated and thickened common bile duct or crescent-like parasites in the gallbladder or bile ducts. Some patients exhibit sludge which typically does not sediment. Triclabendazole at a single dose of 10 mg/kg body weight is the treatment of choice.
Singlet fission in pentacene dimers
Authors: Zirzlmeier Johannes , Lehnherr Dan , Coto Pedro B. , Chernick Erin T. , Casillas Rubén , Basel Bettina S. , Thoss Michael , Tykwinski Rik R. , Guldi Dirk M. 
Published: April 2015

SignificanceIn the present work, we show compelling evidence for the unprecedented intramolecular singlet fission at room temperature and in dilute solutions within a set of three different regioisomeric pentacene dimers. Pump–probe experiments, which were complemented by theoretical calculations using high-level ab initio multireference perturbation theory methods, corroborate triplet quantum yields as high as 156 ± 5%. To this end, electronic couplings between the two pentacenes in the dimers, by virtue of through-bond or through-space interactions, are decisive in tuning the rates of singlet fission.
Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus in the USA: lessons learned from the 2013 outbreak.
Authors: Lowe J. F. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) was detected in the USA in May of 2013 and is believed to have come from China. During the US outbreak, signs began with lethargy, vomiting and 12-36 h later a profuse watery diarrhoea in affected herds. Mortality is effectively 100% within 72 h in pigs less than 7 days of age. In pigs greater than 30 kg or 10 weeks of age, only transient diarrhoea, develops with a minor reduction in feed intake but there is a subsequent reduction in feed conversion. In one study median losses from PEDV were 2403 pigs per 1000 sows which represented an approximately 9% reduction of the total annual output of the farm. It appears that the development of lactogenic immunity takes approximately 14 days reach levels to afford protection to piglets. Control methods have focused on rapid exposure of all animals in infected herds and dramatically increasing hygiene. Spread between herds has been by trucks, people, equipment and supplies. Industry structure likely played a key role in the rapid spread of PEDV in the USA.
Equine endocrinology.
Authors: Menzies-Gow N. J. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The two common endocrine disorders of the horse are pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) and equine metabolic syndrome (EMS). PPID is a neurodegenerative disorder of the pituitary pars intermedia characterized by loss of dopaminergic (inhibitory) input. The exact cause remains unknown, but the pathogenesis is associated with oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and protein misfolding. PPID is more common in ponies compared with horses and the risk increases with age such that the mean age of affected animals in retrospective case series is 18-23 years. Common clinical signs include hypertrichosis, muscle atrophy, recurrent laminitis, polyuria and polydipsia, hyperhidrosis, lethargy and secondary infections. Diagnosis is based on the signalment, clinical signs and further diagnostic test results. The currently recommended further diagnostic tests are basal adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentration and ACTH response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone stimulation. Not all owners will elect to treat the disease specifically and instead manage the individual clinical signs, but the dopamine agonist pergolide is the pharmacologic treatment of choice. If the animal fails to respond, the serotonin antagonist cyproheptadine or the Cortisol synthesis inhibitor trilostane can be considered. Either the clinical response or repeating the further diagnostic tests can be used to monitor the response to therapy. EMS is a collection of endocrine and metabolic abnormalities, including insulin dysregulation, hyperleptinaemia, increased adiposity and hypertriglyceridaemia, which are associated with an increased susceptibility to laminitis in affected individual animals. EMS first develops in horses <15 years of age and diagnosis is based on clinical signs including obesity or regional adiposity and recurrent laminitis; demonstration of fasting hyperinsulinaemia; demonstration of insulin dysregulation; and demonstration of peripheral insulin resistance. EMS should be managed with exercise and diet changes to induce weight loss and improve insulin sensitivity and pharmacological intervention should be used only in the short term and reserved for cases refractory to management changes alone. It should be noted that PPID and EMS can occur concurrently and a subset of animals with PPID also have insulin dysregulation.
Fault-Tolerant Quantum Dialogue Without Information Leakage Based on Entanglement Swapping between Two Logical Bell States*
Authors: Ye Tian-Yu 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
At present, the anti-noise property and the information leakage resistant property are two great concerns for quantum dialogue (QD). In this paper, two anti-noise QD protocols without information leakage are presented by using the entanglement swapping technology for two logical Bell states. One works well over a collective-dephasing noise channel, while the other takes effect over a collective-rotation noise channel. The negative influence of noise is erased by using logical Bell states as the traveling quantum states. The problem of information leakage is avoided by swapping entanglement between two logical Bell states. In addition, only Bell state measurements are used for decoding, rather than four-qubit joint measurements.
Spin-Orbit Coupled s-Wave Superconductor in One-Dimensional Optical Lattice*
Authors: Yang Li-Jun , Lang Li-Jun , Lü Rong , Hu Hai-Ping 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
We study the topological properties of spin-orbit coupled s-wave superconductor in one-dimensional optical lattice. Compared to its corresponding continuum model, the single particle spectrum is modified by the optical lattice and the topological phase which is characterized by the Majorana edge modes can survive in two regions of the single-particle spectrum. With the help of the self-consistent Bogoliubov-de Gennes calculation in the harmonic trap, we find that the existence of an upper critical magnetic field removes the topological superconductor phase to the trap wings. We also study the effects of nonmagnetic and magnetic impurity on the topological properties, and find the universal behavior of the mid-gap state induced by impurity in the topological superconductor phase in strong scattering limit.
Auxiliary Lagrangian and Conservation Laws for a Wave Equation Incorporating Dissipation*
Authors: Wang Yang , Wei Long 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
In this work we study the Lagrangian and the conservation laws for a wave equation with a dissipative source. Using semi-inverse method, we show that the equation possesses a nonlocal Lagrangian with an auxiliary function. As a result, from a modified Noether's theorem and the nonclassical Noether symmetry generators, we construct some conservation laws for this equation, which are different from the ones obtained by Ibragimov's theorem in [Y. Wang and L. Wei, Abstr. App. Anal. 2013 (2013) 407908]. The results show that our method work for arbitrary functions f(u) and g(u) rather than special ones.
Construction of AFLT States for W

N
⊗ ℋ Symmetry, Analytic Continuation and Integrability on AGT Relation*
Authors: Liu Zhi-Sheng , Shou Bao , Wu Jian-Feng , Xu Ying-Ying , Yu Ming 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
We propose a Hamiltonian to the construction of the AFLT states for WN symmetry. We generalize the AGT relation to generic (extended) conformal field theory with 1 ≤ c < ∞. We analyze the triangular structure hidden in the AGT relation with WN symmetry in detail and the triangular structure implies the integrability.
CTMC Investigation of Capture and Ionization Processes in P + H(1s) Collisions in Strong Transverse Magnetic Fields*
Authors: He Bin , Wang Jian-Guo , Janev R.K. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The collision processes of proton with H(1s) atoms, which is embedded in strong transverse magnetic fields perpendicular to the initial velocity of the projectile, are studied with the classical trajectory Monte Carlo method in the energy range 25 keV/u–2000 keV/u and B ∼ 104 T. It is found that the charge exchange cross section is decreased while the ionization cross section is increased significantly. The physics of magnetic field effects is analyzed by the time evolution of electron energy and trajectories, and it is found that these effects are induced by the diamagnetic term in the interaction, continuum electron trapping in the target regions and the Lorentz force. The velocity distributions of the ionized electrons, significantly influenced by the applied fields, are also presented.
Parity Symmetry and Parity Breaking in the Quantum Rabi Model with Addition of Ising Interaction*
Authors: Wang Qiong , He Zhi , Yao Chun-Mei 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
We explore the possibility to generate new parity symmetry in the quantum Rabi model after a bias is introduced. In contrast to a mathematical treatment in a previous publication [J. Phys. A 46 (2013) 265302], we consider a physically realistic method by involving an additional spin into the quantum Rabi model to couple with the original spin by an Ising interaction, and then the parity symmetry is broken as well as the scaling behavior of the ground state by introducing a bias. The rule can be found that the parity symmetry is broken by introducing a bias and then restored by adding new degrees of freedom. Experimental feasibility of realizing the models under discussion is investigated.
MetaSV: an accurate and integrative structural-variant caller for next generation sequencing
Authors: Mohiyuddin Marghoob , Mu John C. , Li Jian , Bani Asadi Narges , Gerstein Mark B. , Abyzov Alexej , Wong Wing H. , Lam Hugo Y.K. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Summary: Structural variations (SVs) are large genomic rearrangements that vary significantly in size, making them challenging to detect with the relatively short reads from next-generation sequencing (NGS). Different SV detection methods have been developed; however, each is limited to specific kinds of SVs with varying accuracy and resolution. Previous works have attempted to combine different methods, but they still suffer from poor accuracy particularly for insertions. We propose MetaSV, an integrated SV caller which leverages multiple orthogonal SV signals for high accuracy and resolution. MetaSV proceeds by merging SVs from multiple tools for all types of SVs. It also analyzes soft-clipped reads from alignment to detect insertions accurately since existing tools underestimate insertion SVs. Local assembly in combination with dynamic programming is used to improve breakpoint resolution. Paired-end and coverage information is used to predict SV genotypes. Using simulation and experimental data, we demonstrate the effectiveness of MetaSV across various SV types and sizes.
Availability and implementation: Code in Python is at http://bioinform.github.io/metasv/.
Contact: rd@bina.com
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A novel small-molecule inhibitor of hepatitis C virus replication acts by suppressing signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
Authors: Niu Yuqiang , Si Youhui , Li Yan , Chi Xiaojing , Li Xiang , Liu Xiuying , Li Duan , Cheng Min , Fan Jingjing , Si Shuyi , Yang Wei 
Published: April 2015

AbstractObjectivesHepatitis C virus (HCV) infects hepatocytes and causes liver damage. The aim of this study was to identify new classes of host-targeting anti-HCV compounds that may provide novel approaches for antiviral treatment regimens.MethodsCell culture-derived HCV (HCVcc), replicons and pseudoparticles were used in combination with high-throughput screening, reporter gene assays and cytotoxicity and signalling pathway analyses.ResultsA small-molecule inhibitor of HCV, N-(cyclopropyl(phenyl)methyl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine, designated IB-32, was identified by screening a compound library with a Jc1-luc HCVcc assay. By using various virus models, HCV replication was identified as the predominant step of IB-32's action. IB-32 inhibited HCVcc (genotype 2a) and HCV replicons (genotype 1b) at low nanomolar ranges (with IC50s of 40 ± 8 and 100 ± 15 nM, respectively). IB-32 was found to be non-toxic when tested against a panel of human cell lines in vitro at the effective antiviral dose. Mechanistically, IB-32 strongly inhibited STAT3 (Tyr705) phosphorylation, a necessary cellular factor for HCV replication and a pivotal therapeutic target for multiple cancers. Furthermore, the inhibition of HCV replication by IB-32 was augmented in cells with STAT3 knockdown. In contrast, the inhibitory effect of IB-32 was attenuated in cells overexpressing a constitutively active form of STAT3.ConclusionThe results presented here identify a promising STAT3-targeting anti-HCV therapeutic candidate. This novel small molecule could be further optimized and developed for use as both an antiviral and an anti-cancer drug.
Targeting p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase to Reduce the Impact of Neonatal Microglial Priming on Incision-induced Hyperalgesia in the Adult Rat
Authors: Schwaller Fred , Beggs Simon , Walker Suellen M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAbstract
In rats, incisional surgery in adulthood resulted in greater phosphorylation of the signaling enzyme, p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in spinal cord microglia of animals which had received incisional surgery in the neonatal period. A p38 MAP kinase inhibitor reduced pain behaviors after surgery in adults with previous neonatal surgery, suggesting this enzyme may be a target to reduce exaggerated pain responses after surgery in individuals with a history of neonatal surgery.

Background:
Neonatal surgical injury triggers developmentally regulated long-term changes that include enhanced hyperalgesia and spinal microglial reactivity after reinjury. To further evaluate priming of response by neonatal hindpaw incision, the authors investigated the functional role of spinal microglial p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase after reincision in adult rodents.

Methods:
Plantar hindpaw incision was performed in anesthetized adult rats, with or without previous incision on postnatal day 3. Numbers and distribution of phosphorylated-p38 (1, 3, 24 h) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (15 min, 24 h) immunoreactive cells in the lumbar dorsal horn were compared after adult or neonatal plus adult incision. Withdrawal thresholds evaluated reversal of incision-induced hyperalgesia by p38 inhibition with intrathecal SB203850.

Results:
Neonatal injury significantly increased phosphorylated-p38 expression 3 h after adult incision (55 ± 4 vs. 35 ± 4 cells per section, mean ± SEM, n = 6 to 7, P < 0.01). Increased expression was restricted to microglia, maintained across lumbar segments, and also apparent at 1 and 24 h. Preincision intrathecal SB203850 prevented the enhanced mechanical hyperalgesia in adults with previous neonatal injury and was effective at a lower dose (0.2 vs. 1 mg/kg, n = 8, P < 0.05) and for a longer duration (10 vs. 3 days). Lumbar neuronal phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase expression reflected the distribution of hindpaw primary afferents, but was not significantly altered by previous incision.

Conclusions:
Neonatal incision primes spinal neuroglial signaling, and reincision in adult rats unmasks centrally mediated increases in functional microglial reactivity and persistent hyperalgesia. After early life injury, p38 inhibitors may have specific benefit as part of multimodal analgesic regimes to reduce the risk of persistent postsurgical pain.
SOS2-LIKE PROTEIN KINASE5, an SNF1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE3-Type Protein Kinase, Is Important for Abscisic Acid Responses in Arabidopsis through Phosphorylation of ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE5
Authors: Zhou Xiaona , Hao Hongmei , Zhang Yuguo , Bai Yili , Zhu Wenbo , Qin Yunxia , Yuan Feifei , Zhao Feiyi , Wang Mengyao , Hu Jingjiang , Xu Hong , Guo Aiguang , Zhao Huixian , Zhao Yang , Cao Cuiling , Yang Yongqing , Schumaker Karen S. , Guo Yan , Xie Chang Gen 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAbscisic acid (ABA) plays an essential role in seed germination. In this study, we demonstrate that one SNF1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE3-type protein kinase, SOS2-LIKE PROTEIN KINASE5 (PKS5), is involved in ABA signal transduction via the phosphorylation of an interacting protein, ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE5 (ABI5). We found that pks5-3 and pks5-4, two previously identified PKS5 superactive kinase mutants with point mutations in the PKS5 FISL/NAF (a conserved peptide that is necessary for interaction with SOS3 or SOS3-LIKE CALCIUM BINDING PROTEINs) motif and the kinase domain, respectively, are hypersensitive to ABA during seed germination. PKS5 was found to interact with ABI5 in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), and this interaction was further confirmed in planta using bimolecular fluorescence complementation. Genetic studies revealed that ABI5 is epistatic to PKS5. PKS5 phosphorylates a serine (Ser) residue at position 42 in ABI5 and regulates ABA-responsive gene expression. This phosphorylation was induced by ABA in vivo and transactivated ABI5. Expression of ABI5, in which Ser-42 was mutated to alanine, could not fully rescue the ABA-insensitive phenotypes of the abi5-8 and pks5-4abi5-8 mutants. In contrast, mutating Ser-42 to aspartate rescued the ABA insensitivity of these mutants. These data demonstrate that PKS5-mediated phosphorylation of ABI5 at Ser-42 is critical for the ABA regulation of seed germination and gene expression in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
STATE TRANSITION7-Dependent Phosphorylation Is Modulated by Changing Environmental Conditions, and Its Absence Triggers Remodeling of Photosynthetic Protein Complexes
Authors: Bergner Sonja Verena , Scholz Martin , Trompelt Kerstin , Barth Johannes , Gäbelein Philipp , Steinbeck Janina , Xue Huidan , Clowez Sophie , Fucile Geoffrey , Goldschmidt-Clermont Michel , Fufezan Christian , Hippler Michael 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
In plants and algae, the serine/threonine kinase STN7/STT7, orthologous protein kinases in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), respectively, is an important regulator in acclimation to changing light environments. In this work, we assessed STT7-dependent protein phosphorylation under high light in C. reinhardtii, known to fully induce the expression of LIGHT-HARVESTING COMPLEX STRESS-RELATED PROTEIN3 (LHCSR3) and a nonphotochemical quenching mechanism, in relationship to anoxia where the activity of cyclic electron flow is stimulated. Our quantitative proteomics data revealed numerous unique STT7 protein substrates and STT7-dependent protein phosphorylation variations that were reliant on the environmental condition. These results indicate that STT7-dependent phosphorylation is modulated by the environment and point to an intricate chloroplast phosphorylation network responding in a highly sensitive and dynamic manner to environmental cues and alterations in kinase function. Functionally, the absence of the STT7 kinase triggered changes in protein expression and photoinhibition of photosystem I (PSI) and resulted in the remodeling of photosynthetic complexes. This remodeling initiated a pronounced association of LHCSR3 with PSI-LIGHT HARVESTING COMPLEX I (LHCI)-ferredoxin-NADPH oxidoreductase supercomplexes. Lack of STT7 kinase strongly diminished PSII-LHCII supercomplexes, while PSII core complex phosphorylation and accumulation were significantly enhanced. In conclusion, our study provides strong evidence that the regulation of protein phosphorylation is critical for driving successful acclimation to high light and anoxic growth environments and gives new insights into acclimation strategies to these environmental conditions.
Does sustained involvement in a quality network lead to improved performance?
Authors: Solomon Jane , Day Crispin , Worrall Adrian , Thompson Peter 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore the effects of prolonged investment in one quality improvement method, which are uncertain. The authors aim to examine the extent to which sustained involvement in a quality network over five years led to improved performance against standards, and whether improvement was achieved in areas where service staff could exercise direct control.

Design/methodology/approach
– A prospective cohort design was used to examine data from 48 UK inpatient child and adolescent mental health units between 2005/2006 and 2009/2010, which had been Quality Network for In-patient CAMHS members for two years. These were selected to remove the initial marked increase in compliance identified in an earlier study. The main outcome measure was compliance with organisation process standards.

Findings
– Units meeting “excellent” quality status across all standards rose from seven (14.6 per cent) to 18 (37.5 per cent). Standards for Environment and Facilities and Access, Admission and Discharge improved the most. Units meeting the “excellent” quality status for criteria over which staff had direct control criteria rose from 17 (35.4 per cent) to 29 (60.4 per cent) over the five-year period. The unit modal quality status categorisation for criteria where staff had no direct control in 2005/2006 was “poor” (n=25; 52.1 per cent) but had progressed to “good” in 2009/2010 (n=24; 50.0 per cent).

Originality/value
– The authors provide evidence that sustained investment in one QI method raises service compliance against standards. Trends showed improvement for direct control standards from “good” to “excellent” levels and improvement for no direct control from “poor” to “good”.