bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing Three Approaches to Modelling the Effects of Temperature and Rainfall on Malaria Incidence in Different Climate Regions
Authors: Madito Gladstone T. , Brooke Basil D. , Silal Sheetal P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundMalaria transmission is primarily limited to tropical regions where environmental conditions are conducive for the survival ofPlasmodiumparasites andAnophelesmosquitoes. Adequate rainfall provides breeding sites, while suitable temperatures facilitate vector mosquito life-cycles and parasite development. Evaluating the efficacy of vector control interventions is crucial to determine their effectiveness in reducing malaria transmission. The aim of this study was to explore how these factors affect transmission dynamics at varying levels of vector control efficacy.MethodsWe developed a vector-host compartmental mathematical model to compare three published approaches to incorporating weather influences on malaria transmission. The first approach examines mosquito biting behaviour and mortality rates in larval and adult stages. The second focuses on temperature effects on mosquito life-cycle characteristics throughout the aquatic and adult stages. The third considers how temperature and rainfall influence adult mosquito behaviour, environmental carrying capacity, and survival during the aquatic stages. Model simulations were conducted at different annual vector control coverage levels, to identify variations in transmission patterns and seasonal variability in daily and annual incidence across three climate regions.ResultsThe first approach indicates sustained seasonal transmission, with lower cases per 1,000 in tropical regions compared to semi-arid and sub-tropical regions, even with enhanced vector control reducing cases. The second approach predicts sharp, brief annual peaks, with zero transmission during winter in tropical and semi-arid regions, while sub-tropical regions experience ongoing transmission. In contrast, the third approach projects multiple irregular peaks, with transmission ceasing in winter across all regions.ConclusionsSimulations indicate that climatic events like heatwaves or flooding, can trigger mosquito population surges and malaria outbreaks, even in areas previously free of malaria, despite strong vector control efforts. However, the results demonstrate that sustained and effective vector control, particularly in regions with moderate temperatures, can substantially reduce malaria incidence. Effective malaria control requires incorporating weather predictions into intervention plans, and enhancing current vector control strategies with supplementary measures like larval source management. Accurate timing and targeting of these interventions, based on transmission season projections, are crucial for maintaining robust control as weather conditions evolve and to prepare for future challenges.
The politics of land management after disasters: the case of post-earthquake reconstruction in Türkiye
Authors: Özdoğan Fatma , Lizarralde Gonzalo , Herazo Benjamin 
Published: July 2024

PurposeIn this paper, we explore the impact of land management practices on post-disaster housing, to draw lessons from the case of reconstruction in Türkiye.Design/methodology/approachWe conducted two qualitative case studies of two reconstruction experiences following the 2020 Elazığ and İzmir earthquakes. We analyzed 70 articles, technical reports and press releases and then used a set of policy analysis tools to examine five policy documents in depth. Finally, we wanted to understand how key officers interpreted these policy documents, so we closely analyzed the transcripts of eight semi-structured interviews.FindingsTürkiye’s legal framework comprises five main policies that concentrate power in the central government and are not tailored to post-disaster reconstruction. This framework facilitates the construction of rubber-stamped apartment buildings, which disregard cultural and social contexts and practices. The current reconstruction policy neglects alternative options like cooperative housing, which could better respond to communal needs and expectations. It also often leads to the loss of land rights among affected residents.Research limitations/implicationsWe only analyzed decision-making processes in two case studies and based our study on a limited number of interviews. Therefore, it is difficult to generalize our results and apply them to other contexts. Further quantitative and qualitative work is necessary to conceptualize the links between land management and post-disaster housing reconstruction.Practical implicationsOur findings suggest a need for legislative frameworks specifically designed to address land management during post-disaster reconstruction. The concentration of power in central governments is problematic, thus it remains crucial to empower local authorities by reinforcing technical expertise and facilitating administrative autonomy.Originality/valueThis study offers unique insights into how power relations influence land management practices in post-disaster housing reconstruction. Examining the centralization of power and its impact on cultural and social practices identifies common forms of dispossession and points to key areas for policy improvement.
“When I started teaching you wouldn’t notice any of that’: teachers’ perceptions of the issues facing children and adolescents’ mental health and well-being”
Authors: O’Connor Eric , Nohilly Margaret 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper was to establish how the phenomenon of mental health issues among young people has translated into the reality of Irish schools through the lens of Irish teachers.

Design/methodology/approach
This wholly qualitative study adopted a post-positivist and phenomenological approach to gathering data by way of semi-structured interviews of 16 participants, 8 from primary backgrounds and 8 from post-primary backgrounds. Analysis of the data highlighted what teachers perceive to be ongoing issues with the mental health and well-being of pupils and the challenges that both teachers and pupils must overcome.

Findings
Interviewing the participants unearthed three sub-themes with regard to mental health in Irish schools, namely, the prevalence of psychiatric disorders/symptoms of mental ill-health among Irish children and adolescents, the barriers preventing help-seeking and the role of mental health support services in Irish schools.

Research limitations/implications
One limitation in this study was that a wider variety in sample could have yielded a more in-depth volume of results. Furthermore, the study by semi-structured interview presented challenges, such as the use of other people’s viewpoints to support the perceptions of the participants, which could not be validated.

Practical implications
Among the recommendations made by the participants were that schools engage in policy development to combat mental health and well-being issues, that teachers engage in continuous professional development in the area and that mental health support services are sufficiently staffed and funded.

Social implications
The general public should engage more in activities that promote a healthy dialogue around the topic of mental health to reduce stigma. It is recommended that campaigns to raise awareness are continued and bolstered.

Originality/value
Irish teachers are being confronted by a contemporary discourse that has materialised as a by-product of an evolving society. Cultural development has led to increased focus on mental health and well-being in recent years, with this body of research exploring its emergence into school life from teachers’ perspectives.
Occupational stress as a mediator between organisational intelligence traits and digital government service quality: a triangulation design approach
Authors: Ramakrishnan Subashini , Mutum Dilip S. , Chit Myint Moe , Wong Meng Seng 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the mediating role of occupational stress in addressing the missing link between organisational intelligence (OI) traits and digital government service quality and propose relevant strategies in sustaining the digital government service quality whilst enhancing the psychological well-being of the service providers.Design/methodology/approachThis paper utilises a triangulation design approach to interpret the findings of the study and propose pertinent strategies. Firstly, we examined the mediating role of occupational stress in addressing the link between OI traits, and digital government service quality. Next, we examined the priority factors of OI traits and occupational stress to sustain the quality of digital government services via the Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA). These findings were cross-examined with the code’s percentage generated from participants’ open-ended survey feedback on aspects that requires improvement in sustaining service quality.FindingsIn principle, occupational stress mediates the relationship between OI traits at the third-order component level and digital service quality. Analysis at the lower component level shows that the mediation effect of occupational stress is only significant in the presence of employee-oriented OI traits and “Alignment and Congruence”. Accordingly, the IPMA exhibited the importance of “Job engagement”, “Alignment and Congruence” and “Occupational Stress” in sustaining service quality. Conversely, code’s percentage analysis demonstrated the role of other insignificant traits such as “Leadership” and Appetite for Change and Knowledge Deployment’ in ensuring the sustainability of digital service quality.Originality/valueBy integrating the Organisational Model of Stress with Public Service-Dominant Logic, this paper rejuvenates the stressors utilised in a traditional work setup and widens the perspective of individual job performance to organisational level performance, to reflect the context of today’s public service delivery. We triangulated the outcome from mediation analysis, IPMA as well as open-ended feedback analysis and propose prioritisation on the aspects of “Employee-oriented traits”, “Psychological Well-being”, “Alignment and Congruence”, “Leadership” and “Appetite for Change and Knowledge Deployment” aspects for sustaining digital government service quality. Considering the significance of occupational stress in sustaining service quality in both quantitative and qualitative analysis, this paper also takes the approach of proposing a stress intervention program at the individual and organisational levels to manage the psychological well-being of the service providers.
Comparing portable x‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy instrumentation for metallome analysis of herbarium specimens
Authors: Purwadi Imam , Erskine Peter D. , Casey Lachlan W. , van der Ent Antony 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe use of x‐ray fluorescence (XRF) instruments for metallome analysis of herbarium specimens to discover hyperaccumulator plant species has gained popularity, but a growing concern arises about intercomparability from the use of different instrument makes and models. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the performance and comparability of the results generated by three different XRF instruments and three different quantification methods (empirical calibration based on XRF versus inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy [ICP‐AES] regression, in‐built manufacturer algorithms, and an independent GeoPIXE software pipeline based on Fundamental Parameters). Three instruments with distinct specifications were chosen to improve the generalizability of the results, ensuring relevance to a wide range of instruments that may be used in the future for metallome analysis of herbarium specimens. Each instrument was used to scan a representative set of dried hyperaccumulator plant leaf samples, and their accuracy in quantifying elemental concentrations was then compared. The manufacturer algorithms overestimate the elemental concentrations and have the highest errors. The empirical calibrations have the closest mean concentration to the mean concentrations reported by ICP‐AES, but can produce negative values. The independent pipeline performance is marginally better than the empirical calibration, but it takes substantially more time and effort to setup the Fundamental Parameters through reverse engineering the instrument hardware parameters. Using the GeoPIXE independent pipeline to extract the XRF peak intensity to use in the empirical calibration performs better than manufacturer algorithms, while avoiding the complicated setup requirements, and this should be considered for further development.
Hospitality workers and gentrification processes: Elective belonging and reflexive complicity
Authors: Threadgold Steven , Molnar Lena , Sharp Megan , Coffey Julia , Farrugia David 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper contributes new understandings of the dynamics and processes of gentrification that contribute to wider transformations of class relations. We argue that the hospitality sector, specifically the tastes, dispositions and practices of young hospitality workers, are central in how gentrification processes currently function. We extend concepts of elective and selective belonging, and reflexive complicity, to analyse how young hospitality workers understand their own labouring practices as contributing to gentrification in their local areas. We show how their aesthetic and ethical orientations to place, especially their workplaces, make their experience of hospitality work more palatable. At the same time, their tastes are ‘put to work’ in venues that contribute to the vibes and aesthetics aimed at middle class consumption practices, while creating symbolic boundaries for long‐term residents who are being ostracised in the process. In this way, the high cultural capital bar workers possess thus become spatial bouncers for high economic capital property developers, where reflexive complicity is instrumentalised as a process of symbolic violence. We propose that hospitality labour, and the everyday relationalities and working practices of young workers, are crucial for understanding the contemporary processes of gentrification and class formation.
Prevalence and classification of congenital thoracic vertebral body abnormalities in neurologically normal brachycephalic ‘screw‐tail’ dog breeds in referral practice in Australia
Authors: Moses WB , Moses IA , Moses EA , Moses PA 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence, type, site and breed predisposition of thoracic congenital vertebral malformations (CVM) in neurologically normal brachycephalic ‘screw‐tail’ dog breeds.Study DesignRetrospective case series.AnimalsNeurologically normal French Bulldogs (n = 63), British Bulldogs (n = 42), Boston Terriers (n = 4) and Pugs (n = 86) presenting for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome treatment.MethodsEither a plain computer tomography scan of the thorax or lateral and dorso‐ventral digital radiographs of the thoracic vertebral column of each dog were assessed for any vertebral malformations and classed according to the Modified McMaster vertebral abnormality classification scheme proposed by Guiterrez et al.ResultsThe prevalence of dogs with one or more abnormal vertebrae was 96.82% in French Bulldogs, 90.47% in British Bulldogs, and 76.74% in Pugs. Pugs had significantly lower instances of CVMs than French Bulldogs. The four Boston Terriers all had vertebral malformations, but the results were not considered to be statistically significant due to their small sample size. In French Bulldogs and British Bulldogs, ventral hypoplasia (Type 3) occurred at greater rates than all other types, followed by ventral and median hypoplasia (Types 7) and symmetrical hypoplasia (Type 8). In Pugs, symmetrical hypoplasia (Type 8) was the most common and then ventral hypoplasia (Type 3). The most affected vertebrae were T6–T9 in Pugs and T5–T10 in French Bulldogs and British Bulldogs.ConclusionsThe majority of neurologically normal brachycephalic ‘screw‐tail’ dogs assessed in this paper possessed one or more congenital thoracic vertebral malformations. Dogs with vertebral malformations were found to be more likely to have more than one affected vertebra. Sex had no effect on the prevalence of CVM.Clinical RelevanceA substantial number of neurologically normal brachycephalic ‘screw‐tail’ dogs suffer from congenital vertebral malformations. Thus, the need for selective breeding programmes to eliminate this hereditary condition is crucial.
The challenging biogeography of the Juan Fernández Islands and Coast Range of central Chile explained by new models of East Pacific tectonics
Authors: Heads Michael , Saldivia Patricio 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBiogeographers have often been puzzled by several unusual features in the Juan Fernández Islands (JFI) biota. These include the very high endemism density, multiple endemics that are older than the current islands, close biogeographic affinities with the central and West Pacific, and affinities with the diverse Coast Range of central Chile. We review aspects of biogeography in the JFI and the Coast Range in light of recent geological studies. These have examined the mantle below the East Pacific and South America, and have produced radical, new ideas on tectonic history. A long‐lived, intraoceanic archipelago ~9000 km long is now thought to have existed in the East Pacific (passing between the JFI hotspot and mainland Chile) until the mid‐Cretaceous. At this time, South America, which was moving westward with the opening of the Atlantic, collided with the archipelago. The assumption that the JFI biota is no older than its current islands is questionable, as taxa would have survived on prior islands produced at the JFI hotspot. We propose a new interpretation of evolution in the region based on tectonics rather than on island age and incorporating the following factors: the newly described East Pacific Archipelago; a long history for the JFI hotspot; metapopulation dynamics, including metapopulation vicariance; and formation of the Humboldt Current in the Cretaceous. The model accounts for many distinctive features of the JFI and Coast Range biota.
Health utility attributable to oral conditions in Japanese adults
Authors: Matsuyama Yusuke , Tabuchi Takahiro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveUtility values enable relative comparisons across various health conditions, providing information for efficient allocation of healthcare resources. This study aimed to (1) quantify the utility values attributable to oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Japanese adults and (2) develop models for converting the 14‐item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP‐14) scores into EuroQoL 5‐dimension 5‐level (EQ‐5D‐5L)‐based utility values.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study. Data from a large‐scale Internet survey of Japanese adults conducted in 2022 (n = 28 405; mean age 48.2 years) were analysed. Multiple linear regression models were fitted to investigate the association between OHIP‐14 scores and EQ‐5D‐5L‐based utility values, adjusting for confounders. Conversion models were developed using a random half of the participants, and the observed and predicted utility values in the other half were compared to evaluate the model performance.ResultsAmong the participants, 55.2% scored 0, 20.9% scored 1–5 and 23.9% scored 6–56 on the OHIP‐14, corresponding mean utility values of 0.93, 0.90 and 0.84, respectively. A one‐point increase in the OHIP‐14 score was associated with a lower utility value (coefficient: −0.0053; 95% confidence interval:health‐related quality of life −0.0056, −0.0051). The estimated utility value attributable to OHIP‐14 was −23.3 per 1000 individuals, greater than that for other prevalent chronic conditions, including hypertension and diabetes (−2.9 and −7.1 per 1000 individuals, respectively). The conversion model incorporated the OHIP‐14 total score, age, sex and self‐rated health, predicted utility scores on average and captured differences according to the number of teeth lost. However, there was a discrepancy between predicted and observed utility values in the lower utility value groups.ConclusionOHRQoL substantially impacted utility values at the population level. The OHIP‐14 holds the potential as a valuable tool for predicting average utility values based on oral health conditions; however, the prediction performance was relatively low for individuals with a lower health‐related quality of life.
Comparative osseointegration of hydrophobic tissue‐level tapered implants—A preclinical in vivo study
Authors: Imber Jean‐Claude , Khandanpour Azita , Roccuzzo Andrea , Irani Delia R. , Bosshardt Dieter D. , Sculean Anton , Pippenger Benjamin E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeTo histometrically compare the osseointegration and crestal bone healing of a novel tapered, self‐cutting tissue‐level test implant with a standard tissue‐level control implant in a submerged healing regimen.Materials and MethodsIn a mandibular minipig model, implants were inserted and evaluated histometrically after a healing period of 3, 6, and 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the evaluation of bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) and secondary outcomes were primary stability as per insertion torque and first BIC (fBIC). Outcomes for the test and control implants were compared using Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests and mixed linear regression models.ResultsInsertion torque values were significantly higher for the test (50.0 ± 26.4 Ncm) compared to the control implants (35.2 ± 19.7 Ncm, p = .0071). BIC values of test implants were non‐inferior to those of control implants over the investigated study period. After 12 weeks, the corresponding values measured were 81.62 ± 11.12% and 90.41 ± 4.81% (p = .1763) for test and control implants, respectively. Similarly, no statistical difference was found for fBIC values, except for the 12 weeks outcome that showed statistically lower values for the test (−675.58 ± 590.88 μm) compared to control implants (−182.75 ± 197.40 μm, p = .0068).ConclusionsNovel self‐cutting tissue‐level implants demonstrated noninferior osseointegration and crestal bone height maintenance to the tissue‐level implants. Histometric outcomes between both implants demonstrated test implants were statistically noninferior to control implants, despite substantial differences in the bone engagement mechanism and resulting differences in insertion torque and qualitative bone healing patterns.
Landscape effects on dispersal‐related traits in a sedentary butterfly in agricultural landscapes
Authors: Deppe Franziska , Achterberg Christoph , Dittmar Johanna‐Marie , Kunz Steffen , Müller Lara , Näckel Lara , Wittkamp Luisa , Fischer Klaus 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Agricultural intensification causes the loss and fragmentation of natural habitats, which negatively impacts farmland biodiversity. The concomitant isolation of essential resources may favour increased dispersal ability in flying insects, resulting in differences in flight morphology and dispersal propensity across landscapes.
We collected the butterfly Coenonympha pamphilus in four replicated landscape pairs, each consisting of (a) a highly fragmented and intensified ‘modern’ and (b) a less fragmented ‘traditional’ agricultural landscape. We compared condition (i.e. storage reserves), flight morphology, dispersal capacity and propensity of the collected butterflies between both landscape types. We also tested for the impact of landscape composition and configuration at different spatial scales on butterfly traits.
No differences between landscape types per se could be found, but a variety of landscape features affected butterfly traits, indicating complex interactions between landscape heterogeneity and dispersal. In particular, landscapes with a high proportion of crop fields appeared to be selected for phenotypes enhancing dispersal ability.
Since dispersal is a key factor for the persistence of metapopulations in fragmented landscapes, we argue that limitations on dispersal in relation to compositional and configurational landscape heterogeneity should be considered in the debate on insect declines in agricultural landscapes.