bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation on the effect of laser surface texturing on the wettability of pure zinc substrate
Authors: Balamurugan Kannan Ganesa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractZinc finds a prominent metallic alternative for existing metallic bio-implant materials. Wettability significantly alters the corrosion resistance and cell adhesion of bio-metallic materials. The wettability of the metallic materials can be engineered by laser surface texturing (LST). In this work, nanosecond laser surface texturing experiments were conducted on the pure zinc substrate by varying the laser scan speed and texture pitch. Laser scan speeds were varied from 10 to 50 mm/s, and the texture pitch varied from 100 to 300 µm. A nanosecond 28 W Nd:YAG laser system was used with 1064 nm wavelength, repetition rate of 5 kHz, focal length of 234 mm, and pulse width of 2 ms. The white light interferometer (WLI) was utilized to explore the surface roughness of the textured samples, and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to investigate the surface morphology. The results revealed that LST on pure zinc follows the Weinzel model which enhances the hydrophobic nature of its surface. Surface roughness plays a significant role in improving the hydrophobic nature of the LST zinc substrates.
Right-sided infective endocarditis with ventricular septal defect
Authors: Munawar Fatina , Ahmed Ikram 
Published: June 2024

Infective endocarditis (IE) affects the endothelium of the heart, with the heart valves most commonly involved. It has been documented that the annual incidence of infective endocarditis is 3-10 per 100,000 patient-years1. However, it can be underestimated since the incidence in developing countries cannot be determined accurately. Here, we present a case of a 37-year-old male who was referred from a local health facility with shortness of breath on presentation; the patient was anuric for one day and initial laboratory investigations showed metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia, sepsis, and deranged renal function tests. The patient had received a three-week course of intravenous (IV) piperacillin-tazobactam at the previous health facility, being diagnosed as a case of infective endocarditis. An initial transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) showed vegetation on the pulmonary valve; however, the patient was neither an IV drug abuser nor did he have any history of implantation of intracardiac devices or central venous catheters. There was no recent or remote history of dental or surgical procedures. Due to the acute kidney injury, hemodialysis sessions and IV imipenem were started. As the patient’s hemodynamic profile improved by the fifth day of admission, TTE was repeated, revealing a small ventricular septal defect (VSD). This case report highlights the importance of even small VSD that could potentially lead to right-sided IE. Surgical correction of VSD could prevent such a life-threatening condition.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.7.8219
How to cite this: Munawar F, Ahmed I. Right-sided infective endocarditis with ventricular septal defect. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.7.8219
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
High ejection fraction of the left ventricular trabecular layer of the human heart
Authors: Visoiu Ionela‐Simona , Rimbas Roxana Cristina , Nicula Alina Ioana , Vinereanu Dragos , Jensen Bjarke 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNumerous diagnostic criteria for excessive trabeculation, or “noncompaction,” score the extent of the trabecular layer. Whether the trabeculations themselves have a poor or good contractility is largely unknown. We retrospectively analyzed cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) of patients with excessive trabeculation of the left ventricle (LV). The LV was labeled into four regions: compact wall, central cavity (CC), trabeculations, and intertrabecular recesses (IR). For each label we calculated the systolic fractional volume change (SFVC) in short‐axis images (n = 15) and systolic fractional area change (SFAC) in four‐chamber images (n = 30). We measured the ejection fraction (EF) of IR, CC, and total cavity. Three methods to calculate EF of the total cavity were compared: trabeculations included (per guidelines), IR excluded (Jacquier criterion), and trabeculations contoured and excluded (contour‐EF). The SFVC and SFAC of the compact wall were similar with SFVC and SFAC of trabeculations. In contrast, the IR were more diminished in systole by comparison with the CC, having lower SFVC (39% vs. 56%) and SFAC (37% vs. 72%). EF of the IR was also greater than EF of the CC (61% vs. 44%). Excluding IR from the total cavity or including trabeculations negatively impacts the EF (44% and 40%, respectively, vs. 51% for contour‐EF). The trabecular layer operates at a high EF.
The Role of Informative Advertising in Aligning Preferences Over Product Design
Authors: Roig Guillem 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article explores the relationship between product design and advertising, traditionally viewed as distinct business decisions. I build upon the seminal work of Matutes and Regibeau (1988. “Mix and Match: Product Compatibility Without Network Externalities.” The RAND Journal of Economics 19 (2): 221–34), where firms produce components that combine to form product systems, and introduce the necessity for firms to advertise their products to create consumer awareness. I find that a firm’s incentive to advertise increases with product compatibility. Greater product compatibility reduces competition, encouraging firms to broaden their market presence through advertising. Contrary to Matutes and Regibeau, when advertising influences product awareness, consumers prefer products with moderate compatibility over those that are entirely incompatible. Consequently, advertising aligns the compatibility preferences of both firms and consumers.
Two Sides of the Same Coin: Microhistory, Micropolitics, and Infrapolitics in Medieval Archaeology
Authors: Quirós Castillo Juan Antonio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this study, it is argued that a microhistorical perspective applied to historical archaeologies provides intelligibility to certain mechanisms of exercise of power and forms of resistance in the local sphere. Adopting a microhistorical approach, two primary mechanisms of social order consensus creation and contestation are explored through the creation and negotiation of symbolic capital. Micropolitics are understood as a set of poorly formalised but meaningful practices that define, model, and negotiate forms of social domination by integrating different communicative languages. Infrapolitics shape the forms of resistance and agency of subaltern groups and, by definition, are not easy to track and identify. Through the study of small empirical illustrations from the medieval period in the Basque Country, the aim is to argue that there is a correlation between the intensity and complexity of the political practices that develop in local societies and the forms of contestation of rights and cohesion mechanisms. To carry out this analysis, material, textual, mnemonic, and oral records are used.
CFD analysis of particle shape and Reynolds number on heat transfer characteristics of nanofluid in heated tube
Authors: Evran Savas , Kurt Mustafa 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Various nanoparticles have been used to increase the heat transfer characteristics (HTC) of nanofluids in the heated tube. The use of various shapes of the same nanoparticle can have major impact on the HTC. In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of the impact of particle shape (Brick and Platelet) and Reynolds (Re) number (4,500, 6,000, 7,500, and 9,000) on the HTC of nanofluid in the heated tube was carried out in accordance with Taguchi method. Heat transfer coefficient, Nusselt (Nu) number, performance evaluation criteria, and average static pressure drop were chosen as HTC. CFD analyses for 1% Fe3O4 nanofluids in ANSYS Fluent software were performed in accordance with L8 orthogonal array. Particle shape and Re number were selected as the first and second factors, respectively. Signal/noise analysis was used to decide optimum levels and impact direction on HTC for each factor, whereas analysis of variance was implemented to define the importance levels and percentage impact ratios of the factors. According to the results obtained from the study, the nanofluids with platelet nanoparticles have a higher impact on the heat transfer coefficient compared to Brick nanoparticles. Although the increase in the Re number causes an increase in the heat transfer coefficient, Nu number, and average static pressure drop, it does not have any effect on the performance evaluation criteria. The results obtained from this study can be used as a guidance for experimental studies.
Análise da intensidade da ilha de calor em cidade de médio porte de clima tropical
Authors: Paula Diana Carolina Jesus de , Souza Natallia Sanches e , Alves Keylyane Santos da Silva , Godoy Jeane Aparecida Rombi de 
Published: June 2024

A cidade de Cuiabá-MT continua apresentando crescimento demográfico (IBGE, 2022), acompanhado de expansão urbana com planejamento urbano à revelia das questões climáticas, o que contribui para gerar impactos negativos socioespaciais, além de impactar a saúde humana. Este cenário vem se conformando ao longo dos anos, na medida em que o processo de urbanização avança se desvencilhando dos bens ambientais, áreas vegetadas vão se perdendo e aumentando a superfície impermeabilizada. Frente a este contexto, este artigo teve por objetivo geral analisar a dependência espacial da ilha de calor urbana em relação as características de uso e cobertura do solo. Para a mensuração da intensidade da ilha de calor urbana, foram utilizados registros de transectos móveis e da estação de referência considerada “estação rural”. Analisando o comportamento da ilha de calor nas estações do verão e do inverno, foi observado que no verão a intensidade da ilha de calor é mais clara, com média de intensidade de 4,70°C, podendo estar associada à diminuição de cobertura permeável e aumento de cobertura impermeável. Contudo, a ilha de frescor observada nos transectos ficou mais evidente durante o inverno com intensidade média de -4,26°C, destacando-se que áreas sob influência de grandes massas de vegetação apresentaram características próprias com microclimas diferentes às outras áreas da cidade. A aplicação da geoestatistica, especialmente a utilização de semivariograma demostrou-se satisfatória na análise de dados, demonstrando dependência espacial de moderada a forte entre as variáveis.
Prevalence of mupirocin resistance in methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) at tertiary care teaching hospital, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Indernath Sunil , Sudha K , Shanmugavadivoo N 
Published: June 2024

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is major colonization in hospitalized patients and professionals. Emergence of resistance may occur due to inappropriate or over usage of antibiotics and it leads to increase morbidity and mortality among patients. Mupirocin resistance became endemic in hospitalized patients. The main objective of this study is to record the incidence of Mupirocin antibiotic resistance among MRSA isolates from hospitalized patients in a tertiary care hospital, Tamil Nadu.A prospective observational laboratory-based study was conducted in tertiary care hospital. MRSA was isolated from clinical specimens based on the preliminary test and Kirby Bauer’s Disc Diffusion Method. In MRSA isolates the Mupirocin resistance was categorized into high (200µg) and low level (5µg) discs (HiMedia) concentration.Out of 69 isolates of 32 (46%) were MRSA and 37 (54%) MSSA. Among 32 MRSA isolates, four (12%) were high-level resistance and three (10%) were low level resistance to Mupirocin. Remaining 25 (78%) MRSA isolates showed sensitive to Mupirocin agent.The study concludes, that the prevalence of Mupirocin resistance is low and is mandatory to include in the screening panel of MRSA. Regular monitoring of MRSA isolates for Mupirocin resistance is highly helpful for the eradication and complication among health care sectors.
Detection of Secreted Aspartic Proteases (SAP) enzyme in the clinical isolates of Candida by Modified Stab Method
Authors: Padmanabhan Sujin , Palanimuthu Uma Maheswari , Raghavan Monica , Kumar Prem , Mohanram Kalyani 
Published: June 2024

Mycoses has tremendously raised in the recent years, causing a wide range of infections in patients. Mycoses has occupied an important place during the COVID-19 pandemic. species is one of the major pathogens known to mankind which is quite usually not reported. One of the most important hydrolytic enzymes which is responsible for its pathogenicity is Secreted Aspartic Protease enzyme which degrades many human proteins such as albumin, hemoglobin, keratin and secretory Immunoglobin A. The aim of the study is to detect the presence of Secreted Aspartic Proteases (SAP) enzyme in the clinical isolates of species. To isolate species from clinical specimens. Phenotypic identification of species. Detection of SAP enzyme by Modified Staib’s Method. Clinical characterization based on the SAP enzyme productionDetecting the intensity of enzyme production by the organism helps in finding out the level of virulence exhibited which helps in clinically treating the patients with appropriate anti-fungal drugs designed to inhibit the enzyme. The detection of the Secreted Aspartic Protease enzyme was done by Modified Staib method using bovine serum albumin agar. Current study observed that 72 isolates of species were cultured from various samples collected from the hospital setting and further testing was done to differentiate the species and to estimate their level of SAP enzyme production, out of which, 53 isolates (74%) were found to produce the enzyme in varied intensity levels, The data of findings evolved from this study helps us to conclude that Secreted Aspartic Proteinase is one of the major virulence attributes of species.
Bacteriological profile of surgical site infections and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern at a tertiary care hospital, Western Gujarat
Authors: Mehta Krunal D , Patel Liyancy Prakash , Shingala Hitesh K. 
Published: June 2024

Surgical site infection (SSI) is a frequently occurring repercussion of surgery. It results in mortality and morbidity post-surgery. The present study aims to isolate the organisms causing SSI and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the isolates.A total of 250 patient samples were included in the study, their demographic details obtained and processed as per Standard Microbiological Protocols. Antibiotic susceptibity of the positive cultures was performed using Modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Out of the 250 samples, 102 (40.8%) samples showed positive culture growth. Positivity rates were higher in male patients (43.88%). The most prevalent Gram-negative isolate was (23.53 %), followed by (20.59%) and others. The only Gram-positive isolate was (21.57%). Most of the Gram-negative isolates were sensitive to imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem, ceftazidime-avibactam and aztreonam. Most of the gram-positive isolates were sensitive to linezolid and levofloxacin. The current analysis found that was the most often related bacteria to SSI, followed by , , and other infections. Periodic analysis of the causative organisms and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is necessary to confine the burden of SSI.
Bridging the gap: Analyzing discrepancies in knowledge, attitude, and practice of infection control among healthcare workers
Authors: Raval Payal , Patel Komal , Patel Purav , Chaudhari Devanshi , Shah Parul 
Published: June 2024

Over the past decade, Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) have become a significant concern within Indian Tertiary Healthcare Centers. The effectiveness of infection control practices heavily relies on the diligence of healthcare workers, directly impacting the success of these measures. It's crucial to closely examine any disparities between ideal and actual practices to ensure optimal infection control outcomes. To find any gap between ideal and actual infection control practices and analyze associated factors which is actually responsible for the that gap. A cross-sectional study was carried out at a tertiary healthcare center in north Gujarat over six months, spanning from February 2023 to July 2023. The study included a total of 293 participants, comprising 61 doctors, 154 nurses, 33 paramedical staff, and 45 housekeeping staff. Data were collected using a pretested, structured, self-administered questionnaire covering different aspects of infection control practices. Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP)Scores of 70% or less were considered below average, scores between 71 and 80% average, 81 to 90% good and above 90% were very good. KAP score is 98.8% in knowledge, 88.70% in attitude and 89% in self-reported practices. Cumulative KAP score was 92.16% which is under very good category. Around 88.52% (54 out of 61) of doctors, 69.48% (107 out of 154) of nurses, 78.78% (26 out of 33) of paramedical staff, 64.44% (29 out of 45) of housekeeping staff scored above 90% in KAP score which is under very good category.Regular training, post training assessments and strict enforcement of infection control measures in hospitals can help to fill gaps in the knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported practices of healthcare workers regarding infection control.
Identifying the Factors Affecting e -learning by Synthesis of Research from Databases of (1389 to 1402 SH) and (2010 to 2023 AD)
Authors: A Mazlomi , Mahmouie Momeni 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Given the importance of empathy in caring for patients, this study investigated the level of empathy and its associated factors among medical residents at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS). Electronic education is a type of educational program that stems from the impact of technology, utilized to facilitate the learning process. Its purpose is to use this educational technology and its effects on the learning process, and the present research seeks the main factors affecting electronic education.
Method: The method of this research is qualitative and synthesis research, the statistical population, numerous types of research that have been conducted in domestic and foreign articles in the period(1389-1402 SH) and (2010-2023 AD), and analyzed the 6-step model of Roberts' research synthesis was used and in the data reliability check from the provided framework, four criteria; believability, transferability, reliability, and confirmability were used.
Results: The findings in this research showed that the effective dimensions in electronic education include technology-oriented, need-oriented, learning-oriented, communication-oriented, program-oriented, obstacle-oriented, motivation-oriented, and development-oriented dimensions, respectively.
Conclusion: In this study, we found that given that e-education is used in all sciences, this research is a suitable model for learners.
A comparative Study of the Fifth Generation University in Iran's Higher Education (case study: Iran and Selected Countries)
Authors: S Soleiman , E Salehi Omran , Z Karamkhani 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: This study aimed to study the comparison of fifth generation universities in higher education in Iran and selected countries in a qualitative and comparative way.
Method: In this research, the Kandel method was used to identify the components of the fifth generation university, and the Boley method was used to analyze the data to extract common and non-common components. The data collection method was web-based and purposive sampling. By checking the keywords in the databases, the articles that were published in both English and Farsi in the field of the components of the fifth generation university until September 21, 2022 were selected and carefully studied and analyzed
Results: With thematic analysis of 23 components of the fifth spiral model to¬ as the base model of the fifth generation university.5 Components that were abundant between one and 3 countries were removed and the effective components that were abundant in more than 5 countries remained. After the merger of the component, which was of a single nature, 3 similar components (sensitive to the environment) were. The developer of environmental sustainability and the use of fashion 3 for the production of knowledge and innovation and 15 components between selected countries and Iran were extracted as differential components.
Conclusion: Finally, according to the results of this research, in order to reach the fifth generation university, the need to design and present appropriate strategies by managers and decision makers، To reduce the distance of differential universities with the leading universities in this field.
Interlanguage Analysis: How morpheme order studies do not necessarily apply to every situation
Authors: Basori Muchamad Adam 
Published: June 2024

Much research on language acquisition, from nativist to interactionist, describes Morpheme Order Studies as a major development in second language acquisition. This paper intended to discuss how spoken data from a Japanese student could be used to indicate the level of acquisition of English morphemes attained via the processability theory but actually determined that an order of acquisition does not necessarily apply. Results showed that the informant varied in success in supplying correct morphemes in obligatory contexts, that her first language did not interfere with her second language acquisition and the accuracy of using morpheme order sequence to determine the level of acquisition breaks down because learner’s developmental sequence is unpredictable.
The Influence of Aqua Regia Usage in the Leaching and Extraction Process of Silica from Coal Fly Ash
Authors: Perwitasari Perwitasari , Anggorowati Heni , Ulfa Uli , Shabrina Husna Muizzati , Adhiatma Agus 
Published: June 2024

<strong>Abstract.</strong> <span lang="EN-US">Waste from coal-burning power stations and other sectors that rely on coal as a source of energy is one of the environmental issues. Fly ash obtained from burning coal causes pollution in the surrounding environment. Subsequently, a great deal of study was conducted on the application of flying ash coal. Among the techniques for making use of the flying ash of coal is the extraction of silica. This study carried out silica leaching using Aqua Regia (a combination of HCl and HNO<sub>3</sub>) with various ratios of 1:1, 1:3, and 3:1. The leaching process was carried out at varying temperatures of 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 °C, with a leaching time of 1 and 2 hours. Precipitates containing silica were analyzed for their levels using XRF. The results of the study show that the ratio HCl:HNO<sub>3</sub> 3:1 is able to extract more silica than other solvent ratios</span>