bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond the androgen receptor: New approaches to treating metastatic prostate cancer. Report of the 2013 Prouts Neck Prostate Cancer Meeting
Authors: Pienta Kenneth J. , Walia Guneet , Simons Jonathan W. , Soule Howard R. 
Published: November 2013

INTRODUCTIONThe Prouts Neck Meetings on Prostate Cancer began in 1985 through the efforts of the Organ Systems Branch of the National Cancer Institute to stimulate new research and focused around specific questions in prostate tumorigenesis and therapy.METHODSThese meetings were think tanks, composed of around 75 individuals, and divided equally between young investigators and senior investigators. Over the years, many new concepts related to prostate cancer resulted from these meetings and the prostate cancer community has sorely missed them since the last one in 2007.RESULTSWe report here the first of a new series of meetings. The 2013 meeting focused on defining how the field of treatment for metastatic prostate cancer needs to evolve to impact survival and was entitled: “Beyond AR: New Approaches to Treating Metastatic Prostate Cancer.” As castrate resistant prostate cancers escape second generation anti‐androgen agents, three phenotypes/genotypes of CRPC appear to be increasing in prevalence and remain resistant to treatment: NeuroEndocrine Prostate Cancer, Persistent AR—Dependent Prostate Cancer, and Androgen Receptor Pathway Independent Prostate Cancer.DISCUSSIONIt is clear that new treatment paradigms need to be developed for this diverse group of diseases. The Prouts Neck 2013 Meeting on Prostate Cancer helped to frame the current state of the field and jumpstart ideas for new avenues of treatment. Prostate 74:314–320, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Distributed clustering of ubiquitous data streams
Authors: Rodrigues Pedro Pereira , Gama João 
Published: November 2013

Nowadays information is generated and gathered from distributed streaming data sources, stressing communications and computing infrastructure, making it hard to transmit, compute, and store. Knowledge discovery from ubiquitous data streams has become a major goal for all sorts of applications, mostly based on unsupervised techniques such as clustering. Two subproblems exist:clustering streaming data observationsandclustering streaming data sources. The former searches for dense regions of the data space, identifying hot spots where data sources tend to produce data, while the latter finds groups of sources that behave similarly over time. In order to better assess the current status of this topic, this article presents a thorough review on distributed algorithms addressing either of the subproblems. We characterize clustering algorithms for ubiquitous data streams, discussing advantages and disadvantages of distributed procedures. Overall, distributed stream clustering methods improve communication ratios, processing speed, and resources consumption, while achieving similar clustering validity as the centralized counterparts.WIREs Data Mining Knowl Discov2014, 4:38–54. doi: 10.1002/widm.1109This article is categorized under:Technologies > Machine LearningTechnologies > Structure Discovery and Clustering
Synthesis and Performance of Allyl Dimethyl Dehydroabietyl Ammonium Chloride
Authors: Pei Li‐jun , Cai Zhao‐sheng , Shang Shi‐bin , Song Zhan‐qian 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAllyl dimethyl dehydroabietyl ammonium chloride (ADMDHA), as a cationic quaternary ammonium polymerizable antibacterial surfactant, was synthesized from dehydroabietylamine and 3‐chloropropene. The structure of ADMDHA was characterized by FT‐IR, NMR, and elemental analysis. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of ADMDHA and the surface tension at the CMC (γCMC) in aqueous solution were about 2.51 × 10−4 mol L−1 and 28.5 mN m−1 at 25 °C, respectively. The emulsion consisting of benzene and water with ADMDHA as an emulsifier maintained its stability for 2 days. Meanwhile, the antimicrobial activities of ADMDHA against Escherichia aerogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were much stronger than those of ampicillin sodium and bromogeramine against the same bacteria.
Te Waka Oranga: An Indigenous Intervention for Working with Māori Children and Adolescents with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Elder Hinemoa 
Published: November 2013

Background: Application of salient cultural knowledge held by families following child and adolescent traumatic brain injury (TBI) has yet to be documented in the literature. While the importance of the family is a well-established determinant of enhanced outcomes in child and adolescent TBI, the emphasis to date has been on the leading role of professional knowledge. The role of whānau (extended family) is recognised as an essential aspect of hauora (wellbeing) for Māori, who are overrepresented in TBI populations. However, whānau knowledge systems as a potent resource for enhancing recovery outcomes have not previously been explored. This paper describes the development of an indigenous intervention, Te Waka Oranga.Method: Rangahau Kaupapa Māori (Māori determined research methods) theory building was used to develop a TBI intervention for working with Māori. The intervention emerged from the findings and analysis of data from 18 wānanga (culturally determined fora) held on rural, remote and urban marae (traditional meeting houses).Results: The intervention framework, called Te Waka Oranga, describes a process akin to teams of paddlers working together to move a waka (canoe, vessel) in a desired direction of recovery. This activity occurs within a Māori defined space, enabling both world views, that of the whānau and the clinical world, to work together. Whānau knowledge therefore has a vital role alongside clinical knowledge in maximising outcomes in mokopuna (infants, children, adolescents and young adults) with TBI.Conclusion: Te Waka Oranga provides for the equal participation of two knowledge systems, that of whānau and of clinical staff in their work in the context of mokopuna TBI. This framework challenges the existing paradigm of the role of families in child and adolescent TBI rehabilitation by highlighting the essential role of cultural knowledge and practices held within culturally determined groups. Further research is needed to test the intervention.
Receptivity of a supersonic boundary layer to solid particulates
Authors: Fedorov Alexander V. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractLaminar–turbulent transition in the boundary layer at supersonic speeds can be initiated by small solid particles present in the free stream. Particulates interacting with the boundary-layer flow generate unstable wavepackets related to Tollmien–Schlichting (TS) waves. The latter grow downstream and ultimately break down to turbulent spots. This scenario of TS-dominated transition is modelled using the Mack amplitude method. A theoretical model describing the receptivity mechanism is developed to predict the initial spectrum of TS waves. With these initial conditions the downstream growth of TS instability is calculated using the linear stability theory. The transition onset is associated with the point where the disturbance amplitude reaches a threshold value. As an example, calculations are carried out for a 14° half-angle sharp wedge flying in the standard atmosphere at altitude 20 km, Mach number 4 and zero angle of attack. It is shown that spherical particles of radius from $10$ to $20~\unicode[.5,0][STIXGeneral,Times]{x03BC} \mathrm{m} $ and density ${\geqslant }1~\mathrm{g} ~{\mathrm{cm} }^{- 3} $ can cause transition onset corresponding to the amplification factor $N= 9{\unicode{x2013}} 10$, which is in the empirical range of flight data. This indicates that atmospheric particulates may be a major source of TS-dominated transition on aerodynamically smooth surfaces at supersonic speeds. The receptivity model provides a foundation for further treatments of different cases associated with transition in dusty environments. It can also be used for predictions of particle-induced transition at subsonic and hypersonic speeds.
THE SEMANTICS OF ‘PEACE’ IN EARLY MODERN ENGLAND
Authors: Withington Phil 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper begins to consider the meanings of a word that was ubiquitous in early modern culture, but which has been surprisingly neglected by historians. Focusing on printed sources and taking advantage of recent advances in digital technology, it outlines the changing uses of ‘peace’ between 1500 and 1700 and its predominant meanings at particular moments in time. The paper suggests that while these meanings were clearly derived from Christian and civic republican sources, the political conflicts of the seventeenth century saw the term politicised, appropriated and popularised in new and unexpected ways. It also argues that the semantic confusion which often attended ‘peace’ – most evident, perhaps, in its capacity to legitimise and sanction violence after 1640 – stemmed from its simultaneous role as a descriptor of society and self, and of spiritual and civil life. As a result, who should define, police and enforce peace became deeply contested issues of the course of the period. In tracing the semantics of the term in this way, the article serves as a contribution to the burgeoning historical literature on the paradigmatic vocabularies of the early modern era. It also illuminates the complicated relationship between words and concepts and the importance of both in motivating and legitimising social and political action.
THE RE-OPENING OF DUBINS AND SAVAGE CASINO IN THE ERA OF DIVERSIFICATION
Authors: Meilijson Isaac 
Published: November 2013

In Dynamic Programing, mixed strategies consist of randomizing the choice of actions. In some problems, such as portfolio management, it makes sense to diversify actions rather than choosing among them purely or randomly. Optimal betting in casinos and roulette by a gambler with fixed goal was studied by Dubins and Savage [9] and their school without the element of diversification (betting simultaneously on different holes of the roulette), once it was proved (Smith's theorem - Smith [16], Dubins [8] and Gilat and Weiss [10]) that diversification does not increase the probability of reaching the goal. We question the scope of this finding, that was based on the assumption that the holes on which gamblers can bet are disjoint, such as 1 and BLACK in regular roulette. A counter example is provided in which holes are nested, such as 1 and RED. Thus, it may be rational for gamblers with a fixed goal to place chips on more than one hole at the table.This note is related to a joint work with Michèle Cohen on the preference for safety in the Choquet Expected Utility model.
The Work of the British School at Athens, 2012–2013
Authors: Morgan Catherine 
Published: November 2013

The School's archaeological programme in 2012–2013 included fieldwork, museum studies (notably a project led by Robin Barber to complete the publication of material from early 20th-century excavations at Phylakopi now held in the National Museum in Athens) and many individual and group projects housed at Knossos and in the Fitch Laboratory. Following the success of the conference Interpreting the Seventh Century BC, in December 2011, a further workshop in December 2012 on Thessalian sanctuaries and cults, organized in collaboration with the University of Oxford, brought together 24 speakers, including many colleagues from Thessalian ephoreias and the University of Thessaly, to present new data and reflections. Maria Stamatopoulou comments further on material presented at this meeting in her contribution to this year's AG below. In London, collaboration with colleagues in the British Museum's Department of Greece and Rome resulted in a very popular study day on Knossos: from Labyrinth to Laboratory in November 2012 (now published online at www.bsa.ac.uk). This will soon be followed (on 2 November 2013) by a further collaboration in a British Museum Classical Colloquium on Archaeology Behind the Battle Lines: Macedonia 1915–1919, also in partnership with the Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki.Among our ongoing field projects, I begin with discussion of the excavation at Koutroulou Magoula in Thessaly directed by Nina Kyparissi-Apostolika (Director Emerita, EPSNE) and Yannis Hamilakis (Southampton), which in 2012 sought to clarify activity in the area of two Neolithic buildings uncovered in 2011 (Fig. 2). One of these buildings had been mostly destroyed in later periods, although evidence of outdoor activity includes hearths and in situ deposits.
Antioxidant systems in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seeds as affected by priming
Authors: Bailly Christophe , Benamar Abdelilah , Corbineau Françoise , Côme Daniel 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPriming treatment of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L., cv Briosol) seeds for 7 days at 15°C with a polyethylene glycol solution at −2.0 MPa strongly improved their subsequent germination at 15°C on water. This stimulatory effect of priming remained after drying back the seeds at 20°C for 3 days. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) were measured in control unprimed seeds, primed seeds, seeds primed then dried, and after 3 and 6 hours of imbibition of controland dried primed seeds in order to determine whether the cell antioxidant systems were involved in the beneficial effect of priming. The osmotreatment resulted in a strong increase in SOD and CAT activities but did not markedly affect MDA and GR activity. Following the 3 days of drying, MDA increased and the enzyme activities became similar to those measured in dry unprimed seeds, although the stimulatory effect of priming on germination remained. Imbibition of control dry seeds was associated with an increase in MDA and a decrease in CAT and GR activities, whereas reimbibition of dried primed seeds resulted in a decrease in MDA and an increase in SOD, CAT and GR activities. Isoform patterns on native gels showed no difference between treated (priming with or without subsequent drying) and control seeds for SOD (7 isoforms) and GR (5 isoforms), but the osmotreatment did induce a second isoform of CAT. The results obtained indicate that the CAT isoform pattern might be used as an indicato of the priming treatment that promotes germination. Involvement of theantioxidant systems in seed vigour is discussed
Career Opportunities: the Ones That Never Knock
Authors: Haines Mark 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWith job hunters seemingly now outnumbering vacancies in the legal information field by some margin, recruiters currently have plenty of choice in front of them when seeking to fill a post with the right candidate. In the current market, the applicants themselves need to do everything they can to maximise their chances of selection. The general aspects of good and bad practice in job hunting and recruiting should be obvious to everybody of a professional status. But are they? We're all supposed to know the textbook dos and don'ts of recruitment and selection; but how much attention are employers and candidates in the information sector really paying to the detail? Through his role as Library Manager in the London branch of a national network of law schools, Mark Haines has sat on the recruitment and interview panels for over thirty posts over the past six years. He has also been job hunting himself during this time; applying for more than fifty posts over the past two years, and attending more than a dozen interviews. As a result of these experiences, he has witnessed countless examples of good and bad practice. Employers and applicants may all be aware of what they should be doing, but in this paper he will be discussing his experiences of what they're really doing; and most importantly, what can be done to improve performance in the light of this.
Platelet-targeted gene therapy with human factor VIII establishes haemostasis in dogs with haemophilia A
Authors: Du Lily M. , Nurden Paquita , Nurden Alan T. , Nichols Timothy C. , Bellinger Dwight A. , Jensen Eric S. , Haberichter Sandra L. , Merricks Elizabeth , Raymer Robin A. , Fang Juan , Koukouritaki Sevasti B. , Jacobi Paula M. , Hawkins Troy B. , Cornetta Kenneth , Shi Qizhen , Wilcox David A. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIt is essential to improve therapies for controlling excessive bleeding in patients with haemorrhagic disorders. As activated blood platelets mediate the primary response to vascular injury, we hypothesize that storage of coagulation Factor VIII within platelets may provide a locally inducible treatment to maintain haemostasis for haemophilia A. Here we show that haematopoietic stem cell gene therapy can prevent the occurrence of severe bleeding episodes in dogs with haemophilia A for at least 2.5 years after transplantation. We employ a clinically relevant strategy based on a lentiviral vector encoding the ITGA2B gene promoter, which drives platelet-specific expression of human FVIII permitting storage and release of FVIII from activated platelets. One animal receives a hybrid molecule of FVIII fused to the von Willebrand Factor propeptide-D2 domain that traffics FVIII more effectively into α-granules. The absence of inhibitory antibodies to platelet-derived FVIII indicates that this approach may have benefit in patients who reject FVIII replacement therapies. Thus, platelet FVIII may provide effective long-term control of bleeding in patients with haemophilia A.
Control of creatine metabolism by HIF is an endogenous mechanism of barrier regulation in colitis
Authors: Glover Louise E. , Bowers Brittelle E. , Saeedi Bejan , Ehrentraut Stefan F. , Campbell Eric L. , Bayless Amanda J. , Dobrinskikh Evgenia , Kendrick Agnieszka A. , Kelly Caleb J. , Burgess Adrianne , Miller Lauren , Kominsky Douglas J. , Jedlicka Paul , Colgan Sean P. 
Published: November 2013

Significance
Intestinal epithelial barrier dysregulation is a hallmark of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). A central role for hypoxic signaling has been defined in barrier modulation during inflammation. We demonstrate that genes involved in creatine metabolism, the creatine kinases (CKs), are coordinately regulated by hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs) and that such regulation is critical to barrier function. Inhibition of the CK pathway abrogates apical junction assembly and barrier integrity. Dietary creatine supplementation profoundly attenuates the pathogenic course of mucosal inflammation in mouse colitis models. Moreover, we demonstrate altered expression of mitochondrial and cytosolic CK enzymes in IBD patient tissue. These findings highlight the fundamental contribution of creatine metabolism to intestinal mucosal function, homeostasis, and disease resolution.
Effect of the Fukushima nuclear accident on the risk perception of residents near a nuclear power plant in China
Authors: Huang Lei , Zhou Ying , Han Yuting , Hammitt James K. , Bi Jun , Liu Yang 
Published: November 2013

Significance
Because of its severity and proximity, the Fukushima nuclear accident exposed the Chinese public to the potential risks associated with nuclear power. Our analysis of surveys taken before and immediately after the event shows that this disaster has dramatically changed the risks of nuclear power perceived by the public and has significantly decreased public acceptance. Our study identified females, those who are not in public service, lower-income workers, and residents close to existing nuclear facilities as potentially the most affected. Effective communication strategies to facilitate public judgments about new nuclear plants should recognize these sensitive subgroups.
Nonmuscle myosin II powered transport of newly formed collagen fibrils at the plasma membrane
Authors: Kalson Nicholas S. , Starborg Tobias , Lu Yinhui , Mironov Aleksandr , Humphries Sally M. , Holmes David F. , Kadler Karl E. 
Published: November 2013

Significance
Collagen is the most abundant protein in vertebrates and is the building block of strong tissues such as tendons, skin, and bones. The fibrils can be millimeters long and occur in the extracellular matrix as a scaffold for tissue growth. Important questions remain unanswered about how cells assemble and transport the fibrils. We show here that collagen fibril assembly can occur at the plasma membrane in structures called fibripositors. We show that fibripositors are a nonmuscle myosin II (NMII)-dependent mechanical interface between the actinomyosin machinery and the extracellular matrix; thus, we propose a new function for NMII. A unique mechanism of fibril transport is presented as a basis for studies of tissue morphogenesis and conditions including wound healing and fibrosis.
Temperature‐related variation in growth rate, size, maturation and life span in a marine herbivorous fish over a latitudinal gradient
Authors: L. Trip Elizabeth D. , Clements Kendall D. , Raubenheimer David , Choat J. Howard 
Published: November 2013

Summary

In ectotherms, growth rate, body size and maturation rate covary with temperature, with the direction and magnitude of variation predicted by the Temperature‐Size Rule (TSR). Nutritional quality or availability of food, however, may vary over latitudinal gradients, resulting in ambiguous effects on body size and maturation rate. The Temperature‐Constraint Hypothesis (TCH) predicts that marine herbivorous ectotherms are nutritionally compromised at latitudes exceeding 30°. This provides an opportunity to resolve the contrasting demographic responses of ectotherms to variation in temperature and nutritional status over latitudinal gradients.

This study uses analysis of demographic rates to evaluate the predictions of the TSR in a marine herbivorous ectotherm sampled over a significant latitudinal gradient.

The direction and magnitude of demographic variation was established in the marine herbivorous fish, Odax pullus (the butterfish), and compared with that of a phylogenetically related but trophically distinct species, the carnivorous Notolabrus fucicola (the banded wrasse). Both species were sampled at three locations across the length of New Zealand covering latitudes between 35°S and 49°S. Growth rate, mean size‐at‐age, age‐ and size‐at‐maturity, life span and abundance were estimated for each species at each location.

Demographic traits of both taxa varied with latitude. Both species showed slower initial growth rates, and matured later at a larger body size at higher latitudes than populations sampled at lower latitudes. In addition, abundances increased significantly at higher latitudes in both species.

These results were consistent with the TSR but not with the TCH, confirming that nutritional ecology (herbivore vs. carnivory) did not determine demographic patterns over a biologically significant latitudinal gradient. Results from this study suggest that the absence of herbivorous reef fishes from the higher latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere may not reflect a general physiological mechanism as suggested by the TCH and highlights the need to clarify the evolutionary histories of the marine biota of each hemisphere.