bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2761 – The Role of Central Neuropeptides in Weight Gain Caused by Olanzapine
Authors: Sezlev D. , Ak M. , Yanık T. , Kursungoz C. , Akarsu S. , Sutcigil L. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:The mechanism of weight gain due to treatment with olanzapine, a serotonin receptor antagonist, has not been fully understood. Weight gain and food intake are under the control of neuropeptides/hormones, POMC (proopiomelanocortin), CART (cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript), AgRP (Agouti-related peptide) and NPY (neuropeptide Y) that are synthesized and secreted from the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of hypothalamus.Objectives and methods:In this study, the altereration of the ARC neuropeptide/hormone levels in rats were determined as one of the weight gain mechanism. To examine olanzapine's weight gain effects, olanzapine was orally administrated to 10 healthy male Wistar rats to analyze both the hypotalamic gene expression and peripheral levels of those candidate neuropeptides.Results and conclusions:Food consumption was found to be increased and hypotalamic mRNA levels of NPY, AgRP and POMC were decreased while CART levels did not show any alteration. Consistent with the expression data, circulating levels of NPY, AgRP and α-MSH decreased significantly but CART levels were also reduced unexpectedly. in conclusion, it may be presumed that the antagonistic effect of olanzapine on the ARC neurons might be the basis for a disregulation of the neurohormones secretion which may cause weight gain due to olanzapine therapy.
2762 – Life Style in Adhd Children - Comparative Study
Authors: Ptacek R. , Kuzelova H. , Kolyukh O. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the ADHD is the most commonly diagnosed behavioral disorder of childhood. It affects about 3 - 5% of school aged children. ADHD is diagnosed more often in boys than in girls. ADHD has a wide range of symptoms. It may affect cognitive and executive functions; it may also lead to behavioral problems and further psychiatric symptoms and disorders. Currently it has been hypothesized that ADHD may also lead to specific lifestyle that is influenced by core symptoms of ADHD. This specific lifestyle may negatively influence or even induce further mental and somatic problems.Objectives and aims:The aim of the study was to compare lifestyle of ADHD and non ADHD boys in age of 6 - 10 years.Methods:We have assessed a group of ADHD boys (n=50) and non ADHD boys (n=50) with structured interview oriented to life style in nutrition and health and free time and social life.Results:In our pilot study we identified that lifestyle of ADHD boys substantially differs from non ADHD boys - in most of all monitored areas, especially in nutrition and way of spending free time. ADHD life style is characterized by lower level of organization.Conclusions:Upon the presented study we may suggest that ADHD may lead to specific lifestyle that is characterized by lack of organization and stability. This may lead to further mental or even somatic problems. Clinicians and researchers should pay more attention to these questions.
2764 – Valproic Acid Induced Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy: Report of One Case
Authors: Annagur B.B. , Sayin A.A. , Akbaba N. , Selvi Y. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Valproate (VPA) is widely used for acute and maintenance therapy of bipolar disease and it is the most prescribed drug for epilepsy treatment worldwide. VPA-induced hyperammonemia is a serious and unusual advers effect of VPA treatment.Objectives:We aimed to describe the 20 year-old-woman bipolar case of VPA induced hyperammonemic encephalopaty with therapeutic VPA levels and normal liver functions.Methods:The case will be discussed.Results:The patient complained of confusion, disorientation, somnolance, agitation and slurred speech at the end of the first week of VPA treatment. VPA blood level was 116.5 μg/mL (N:50-125) and ammonia level was 237 μmol/L (N:10-50). Other laboratory tests including serum transaminases (both ALT and AST) and coagulation profile (PT, PTT and INR) were normal. After discontinuation of VPA treatment and hydration, these symptoms have disappeared dramatically. After 24 hours, blood ammonia level was 80 μmol/L and patient returned the baseline mental status.Conclusions:Hyperammonemia occurs due to inhibition of mitochondrial enzymes in the urea cycle by valproic acid. Hyperammonemia and encephalopathy can develop even at therapeutic concentrations without elevated liver function enzymes. Clinicians should be aware that VPA- induced hyperammonemia and encephalopathy is still one of the most feared side effects of VPA which may require emergent management.
2766 – Evaluation of Submucous Resection Without Turbinectomy on Subjective Sleep Quality, Daytime and Dream Anxiety in Patients with Nasal Septal Deviation: A Prospective, Single-Blind, Consecutive Trial
Authors: Gulec T.C. , Yoruk O. , Gulec M. , Selvi Y. , Boysan M. , Oral E. , Yucel A. , Mazlumoglu M. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Sleep plays a vital role in both mental and physical functioning. Sleep disturbances are not only associated with psychiatric disorders, but also with many chronic physical conditions.Objective:The aim of this report was to assess the frequency of poor sleep quality, daytime and dream anxiety and their response to subsequent surgical treatment for a representative group of 68 patients with nasal septum deviation.Methods:Nasal airflows and airway resistances were measured employing rhinomanometry and the participants were also asked to fill in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Van Dream Anxiety Scale directly before the submucous resection without turbinectomy and two months later.Results:Repeated measure analyses of variance models showed that patients reported significantly lower scores of poor sleep quality, daytime anxiety, and as well as dream anxiety after surgical treatment (p< .01).Conclusions:Nasal septal surgery might have beneficial effects on sleep variables in patients with deviation.
2772 – Legal and Psychological Correlations of Aggressive Behaviors in Schizophrenia
Authors: Dutczak E. , Dutczak B. , Bidzan L. 
Published: July 2013

Aggressive behaviors in schizophrenia generate interest not only experts taking care of treatment, but also lawyers and public opinion. For the best part of society incidence of aggressive behaviors suggest that aggressive person is mentally ill. This oversimplification is one of the most important factors which lead to stigmatization and social isolation patients suffering from schizophrenia. Researches indicate that acts of aggression occur more often in the course of schizophrenia than in another mental disorders and it is being connected with psychopathological symptoms, personality traits and social environment. Sparse data suggest also as a reason of it worse functioning of frontal lobes in these patients, which may manifest itself in the form of emotional disturbances. The most typical symptom in this domain is liability of mood leading which can lead to aggressive behaviors. in the literature, however, there is no model that would explain precisely connection of all of these factors with aggression in schizophrenia.Based on the results obtained to the correlates of aggression, understood as a possible cause of violent behavior in schizophrenia, we developed four models regarding to the treatment and the legal aspects of dealing with excited and aggressive patient. in our studies we included the proceedings after receiving the approval of the patient, in the case of not getting permission (approval) - after obtaining permission the court, or - in urgent cases - after receiving a positive opinion of two psychiatrists or a psychiatrist in consultation with the psychologist.
2783 – Distress Level and Treatment Outcome in Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD)
Authors: Enero C. , Soler A. , Ramos I. , Cardona S. , Guillamat R. , Valles V. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Previous research has linked OCPD with increased distress levels that may lead to differences in treatment response.Objectives:The present study aimed to investigate the influence of pre-treatment distress on patient's response to groupbased cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for OCPD.Methods:116 out-patients who met DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for OCPD completed a pre-treatment assessment including BDI, STAI, STAXI-2, GRAI and Rosemberg Self-Esteem Scale. Pre-treatment distress was operationalized as depression and anxiety levels.Intervention was comprised of ten group sessions including psychoeducation, specific CBT techniques and relapse prevention. in order to assess treatment response after intervention, the sample was divided in two groups:1)discharged patients -responders and2)patients who needed to continue treatment -non responders.Assessment scores were compared using t test in order to analyze differences between groups. The extent to which potential predictor variables were related to treatment response was assessed using logistic regression.Results:Results showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in depressed mood and state anxiety scores between responder and non-responder groups. Initial variable selection for logistic regression model included age, sex, depression, anxiety, anger, assertiveness and selfesteem scores. The final model included state anxiety as a significant predictor of treatment response.Conclusions:Our findings indicate that responder patients had lower pre-treatment distress levels than non-responder patients and that state anxiety score is a significant predictor of group-based CBT response in OCPD. According to this, pretreatment distress levels might be considered for treatment planning, despite more research in this direction would be necessary.
2790 – Management of Elderly Patients Consulting in Psychiatry: Critical Thinking about the Study of 159 Cases
Authors: Ammar Y. , Ben Thabet J. , Gassara I. , Charfi N. , Zouari N. , Zouari L. , Gaha L. , Mâalej M. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:The prescription of psychotropic drugs in the elderly is more common. Doses are increasingly high, with frequent recourse to a combination therapy.Objective:Our purpose was to describe treatment strategies in elderly patients consulting in psychiatry, in order to confront them with the latest recommendations.Methods:Our study was retrospective and descriptive. It involved all elderly patients aged more than 60 years, who had consulted for the first time in psychiatry since January 2010 until December 2011. We collected, for each patient, the sociodemographic data, the diagnosis(es), the treatment(s), the side effects and the illness evolution under treatment.Results:We collected 159 cases of elderly patients, representing 6.07% of all the consultants in psychiatry during the period of the study. Their average age was 73 with a sex-ratio (M/F) of 1.13.Dementia and mood disorders were the most common diagnoses (respectively 40.2% and 34.6%).As far as drug therapies are concerned, an antidepressant was prescribed to 95 patients (59.7%); an antipsychotic was prescribed to 55.3%. A tranquillizer was prescribed to 40.8%. A combination therapy made of at least two different families of psychotropic drugs was prescribed to 55.9% of the patients. None of the patients benefited from psychotherapy.Conclusion:Our study showed that the treatment strategy of the elderly consulting in psychiatry in the area of the study was not in accordance with the latest recommendations.
2791 – General Knowledge of Home Caring for Eldery Patients with Dementia
Authors: Felc Z. , Sajtl S. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Most eldery patients with dementia are cared for at their home by family members, usually elderly spouses.Objectives:Important mission at associations for help at dementia is to facilitate public access to the most credible and up-to-date information on home caring of patients with dementia.Aims:To determine how much Slovenian community health workers and other adults know about home caring of patients with dementia.Methods:Hundered and twenty adult Slovenian e-mail users participated in a survey using a questionnaire consisting of 12 questions regarding dementia during May and August 2009. Questionaires were filled-out by 60 community health workers (mean age = 40.00, SD = 11.77, range 22–67), and 60 other adults (mean age = 44.27, SD = 16.20, range 23–83; t = 1.651; p > 0.05).Results:Community health workers were more knowledgeable and the other adults were the least knowledgeable on the subject of home caring of patients with dementia (3.03 v. 2.18, p < 0.01). Differences in responses between community health workers in other adults are shown in order of significance:(a)finding help and professional support (49.6% v. 35.6%);(b)setting a positive mood of interaction (28.8% v. 33.9%); and(c)responding with affection and reassurance (7.2% v. 11.6%).Conclusions:Findings suggest that there appeared to be gaps in knowledge in dementia among the community health workers and general public. As care of eldery patients with dementia shifts into their home, education is needed to increase the public awareness of dementia.
2793 – A Multicenter Tractography Study of Structural Connectivity in Bipolar Disorder and Effects of Psychotic Features
Authors: Sarrazin S. , Poupon C. , Linke J. , Wessa M. , Phillips M. , Delavest M. , Versace A. , Almeida J. , Guevara P. , Duclap D. , Duchesnay E. , Mangin J.-F. , Le Dudal K. , Daban C. , Hamdani N. , D’Albis M.-A. , Leboyer M. , Houenou J. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:A number of studies have investigated white matter abnormalities in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) using diffusion tensor imaging. However, tractography studies yielded heterogeneous results partly due to small sample sizes.Aims:In this work we aimed to study white matter abnormalities using whole-brain tractography in a large multicenter sample of patients with BD I with and without psychotic features.Objectives:To compare mean generalized fractional anisotropy (GFA) along deep white matter tracts between patients with BD with a positive history of psychosis during illness phases, no such history and healthy controls.Methods:We acquired diffusion-weighted MRI for 118 patients with BD I and 86 healthy controls using the same acquisition parameters and scanning hardware. We used Q-ball imaging tractography and an automatized segmentation technique to reconstruct 22 known deep white matter tracts and to obtain the mean GFA along each tract.Results:Patients with BD had lower GFA values than controls along the corpus callosum (body and splenium), the left cingulum and the left arcuate fasciculus, when controlling for age, gender and acquisition site. All results with an exception for the long fibers of the left cingulum were driven by patients with a positive history of psychotic symptoms.Conclusions:We demonstrated a reduced integrity of interhemispheric, limbic and arcuate white matter tracts in patients with BD I. Further, interhemispheric pathways were more disrupted in patients with psychotic symptoms, underscoring the role of interhemispheric connectivity in the pathophysiology of BD with psychosis.
2800 – Alexithymia and Functional Somatic Symptoms Among Chinese Adolescents: Is Somatosensory Amplification a Moderator or Mediator?
Authors: Tam B.K.H. , Wong W.S. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Research consistently has evidenced the association among alexithymia, somatosensory amplification (SA) and functional somatic symptoms (FSS). Yet, the underlying mechanism of such relationship has not been explored among Chinese adolescents. This study aims to evaluate whether SA exerts a moderating or mediating effect on the alexithymia-FSS link.Methods:Analyses were based on 269 adolescents with mild to severe depressive symptoms (Center of Epidemiological Studies—Depression Scale (CES-D)>15) recruited from a school-based study. They completed the Somatosensory Amplification Scale (ChSAS), the Somatic symptom subscale of CES-D and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-Short form (TAS-9-C). Three facets of alexithymia (difficulty identifying feelings (DIF), difficulty describing feelings (DDF) and externally-oriented thinking (EOT)) were force-entered in each univariate regression model. Facets of alexithymia that were found significant (p < 0.05) were subsequently included in regression models to test the mediating and moderating effects of SA on FSS.Results:Results of hierarchical regression analysis found that both DIF (standardized β = 0.37, p < 0.001) and DDF (standardized β = 0.12, p = 0.043) were significant predictors of somatic symptoms. A moderate mediating effect was observed for SA on the DIF-somatic symptoms (Sobel test z = 2.13, p = 0.03). The results also showed a significant moderating effect of DIF×SA on somatic symptoms (standardized β = 0.49, p < 0.001).Conclusions:SA qualifies as a mediator and a moderator between alexithymia and FSS. It indicated that adolescents with alexithymia are likely to report more FSS due to the tendency to amplify their somatic sensation. These results suggest that alexithymia-specific psychotherapeutic methods should be further developed using emotional validation and processing techniques.
2812 – Pattern of Comorbidities in Indian Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Palaniappan P. , Seshadri S. , Girimaji S.C. , Srinath S. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:A retrospective study in India had showed high rate of comorbid disruptive disorders in children with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, but not depression and anxiety disorders as opposed to western literature. Studies using structured assessment tools are lacking in Indian population and thus valid data on prevailing pattern of comorbidities in ADHD children is lacking.Aims:To study the pattern of co-morbidities in Indian children & adolescents (subjects) with ADHD and to compare the degree of functional impairment between ADHD subjects with and without comorbidities.Methods:60 consecutive subjects aged 6 to 16 years diagnosed as ADHD based on DSM IV TR were recruited with informed consent, from a tertiary care centre during a period of 6 months. Kiddie-SADS - PL was applied to identify comorbidities in these subjects. Global functioning was assessed by Children Global Assessment scale (CGAS) in all these subjects.Results:55% of recruited subjects had comorbidity, the most highly prevalent lifetime disorder being Oppositional Defiant disorder (25%), followed by conduct disorder (13.3%), Bipolar affective disorder (13.3%), Major depressive disorder (10%), Communication disorder (10%), Substance use disorder (8.4%), Obsessive compulsive disorder (8.3%), Tic disorder (5.4%), Learning disorder (5%), Elimination disorder (3.3%), Social phobia (1.7%) and Separation anxiety disorder (1.7%). Subjects with comorbidities had poorer global functioning (41.58 ± 0.45) when compared to ADHD subjects without comorbidities (47.67 ± 8.57) (p = 0.018).Conclusions:Our study points out that Comorbid disorders like anxiety disorders are not as low as projected by the earlier Indian studies.
2817 – Pica: Nosographical and Psychopathological Aspects
Authors: Iorio G. , Prisco V. , Iorio N. 
Published: July 2013

In published studies, clinical explanations about Pica are limited to examine diagnostic pattern or to underline relation with other psychopathological problems, ignoring the dynamic development of the illness.Considering that a definition of general psychopathology needs to respect the specific characteristics of single cases, we studied the anamnesis and the physic exam of a woman, that we saw in outpatient regimen, showing a Pica, associated to a OCD.The Authors, after examining a clinical case of OCD, associated to Pica syndrome, analyse psychopathological development of the symptomatology in its complex, refuting some statements of published studies, that include Pica within obsessivecompulsive disorder spectrum. on the contrary, they think the coexistence of the two symptomatologies simply as an expression of a comorbidity. So, we thought a more careful knowledge in psychic development of the examined woman, and her life events, would let us perform a more appropriate psychopathological evaluation, and perhaps a different diagnostic assessment.We knew, than, that it surely would not be a single case to enlighten us for a new aetiological hypothesis about Pica. We were also interested in understanding better why it seemed too restrictive circumscribing this problem within obsessive syndromes. From these remarks, we think it right to include Pica syndrome within eating disorders, with a particular element, related to the ingestion of non edible substances. Our task is not only to label symptoms, but above all to understand, because it is only from a right comprehension that can result a therapeutic response suitable and effective.
2825 – Treatment Protocols in Hospitalized Bipolar Patients
Authors: Erdem M. , Akarsu S. , Bolu A. , Çelik C. , Özmenler K.N. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:In the treatment of bipolar disorder, mood stabilizers (MS), antipsychotics (AP), antidepressants (AD) and anxiolytics can be used according to the type and severity of the episode.Aim:The frequency of somatic and pharmacological treatments in hospitalized bipolar patients were investigated in this study.Methods:In this study the data of 108 bipolar type I patients who were admitted to psychiatry clinic of a university hospital due to manic episode between 2007–2009 were examined.Results:The rate of the treatments for mania was %6.6 for MS, %88.8 for MS + AP and %4.4 for AP. For depressive episode it was %33.3 for MS+AD, %38.8 for MS+AP, %38.8 for MS+AD+AP. Lithium (55.5%) and valproic acid (42.5%) were the most preferred MS drugs. Average dose was 1330 ± 43.2 for lithium and 1118 ± 27.9 mg / day for valproic acid. Most frequently (46.2%) preferred antipsychotics was Olanzapine. Average dose was 16.1 ± 0.8 mg / day. 12.9% of the patients had received electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) at an average of 9.7 ± 5.2 sequences.Conclusions:Lithium treatment in bipolar disorder seems to be first choice for the treatment and prevention of acute episodes. There is an increase in the using of the atypical antipsychotics as mood stabilizers. ECT may be an effective method for patients who do not respond to medications. Considering the diagnosis of patients hospitalized in our clinic, drug selection and treatment modalities were consistent with treatment guidelines.
2831 – Addictive Behaviours and Criminal Offences in Patients with Bipolar Disorders
Authors: Ben Houidi A. , Jomli R. , Elloumi H. , Ouanes S. , Nacef F. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Several studies suggest mental disorders and substance misuse to be associated with a higher rate of violence and crime.The aim of this study was to determinate the correlation between addictive behaviours and criminal offences in patients suffering from bipolar disorder.Methods:Twenty-eight subjects with bipolar disorder were recruited from the forensic psychiatry service in Razi hospital and each one was compared with two patients suffering from bipolar disorder, correlated in gender and age and without history of criminal behavior. Data were analyzed using SPSS 11.5Results:The most frequent crimes committed by patients (about two thirds) were nonviolent (theft, pyromania, fraud, falsification of documents, damage to a property…).The rate of criminal behavior was highest during manic episodes: 51, 7%.Substance use was present in 66,7% of patients with history of criminal behavior against 30% in the comparative group.This association was significant (p = 0,002). The odds ratio was about 5.Conclusions:Our study suggests that comorbid bipolar disorder and addictive behavior may significantly increase the risk of criminality.