bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subtotal Middle Turbinate Resection in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps is Unlikely to Cause Empty Nose Syndrome: A Multi‐Institutional Prospective Study
Authors: Eide Jacob G. , Kuan Edward C. , Adappa Nithin D. , Chang Jeremy , Cho Do‐Yeon , Garg Rohit , Govindaraj Satish , Grayson Jessica , Im Eunice , Keschner David , Kohanski Michael , Locke Tran , Palmer James N. , Welch Kevin C. , Woodworth Bradford A. , Yoo Frederick , Craig John R. 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundEmpty nose syndrome (ENS) is a poorly understood, debilitating condition affecting a minority of patients who underwent nasal airway surgery, most commonly following inferior turbinate surgery. Few publications have demonstrated middle turbinate resection (MTR) causing ENS, but MTR is still considered a potential cause of ENS. The Empty Nose Syndrome 6‐item Questionnaire (ENS6Q) is validated for ENS diagnosis, with ENS6Q ≥ 11 considered highly suggestive of ENS. The purpose of this multicenter study was to determine the incidence of patients with ENS6Q ≥ 11 following subtotal MTR during endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) by comparing preoperative and postoperative ENS6Q scores.MethodsA multi‐institutional prospective cohort study (8 US institutions) was conducted on patients who underwent bilateral subtotal MTR during ESS for CRSwNP. Preoperative and postoperative ENS6Q scores were compared after at least 12 months of postoperative follow‐up.ResultsOf 110 patients, mean age was 51.6 years and 59.1% were male. Mean follow‐up was 14.5 ± 2.5 months (range 12.1–22.3 months). Mean preoperative and postoperative ENS6Q were 7.7 and 2.2, respectively, demonstrating a mean 5.5 point decrease postoperatively (p < 0.0001). At final follow‐up, no patient had an ENS6Q ≥ 11. Of note, 20% of patients had preoperative ENS6Q scores ≥11, but all decreased to <11 postoperatively.ConclusionsBased on prospective multicenter data over 1–2 years postoperatively, subtotal MTR for CRSwNP never led to ENS6Q scores ≥11, and patients experienced significant decreases in ENS6Q postoperatively. Subtotal MTR during ESS for CRSwNP was, therefore, unlikely to cause ENS even with long‐term follow‐up.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 2024
Multi‐decadal changes in vegetation and land use inferred from different data sources: Two case studies at the regional scale in the Slovenian karst
Authors: Ravbar Nataša , Barborič Blaž , Kovačič Gregor 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFew studies have used aerial imagery or various statistical records to analyse temporal land use and vegetation dynamics over large areas. This study presents an innovative approach that merges national‐scale data to provide temporal and spatial digital information on land use and vegetation cover change at high resolution. The work includes 326 historical aerial photographs from 1957 and 1980, derived digital terrain models, digital orthophotos (from 1994 to 1997), current land use (available from 2006), and forestry databases. Using two case studies in Slovenia, a detailed procedure for data preparation, processing (including orthorectification, on‐screen digitisation, visual photointerpretation), and result generation is presented. The used multiple sources showed great potential for the acquisition, mapping and quantifying selected land use categories. The study provided very important material for land use change assessment and implementation of the national documentary heritage. Although the processing methods were time‐consuming, they proved to be very suitable for delineating polygons of change with a spatial resolution of at least 1 m. The results show that the forest in the Rižana catchment has increased by 30 percentage points in the last 60 years and that in the Unica catchment 2/3 of the forest was damaged by large‐scale disturbances in 2014–2018.
Premises for locating industrial and warehouse sites – Evidence from the backyard of Europe's Green Lungs
Authors: Dudzińska Małgorzata , Prus Barbara , Bacior Stanisław 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWarehouse and industrial sites (W&Is) have been extensively developed in the urbanised areas, especially with regional trade gateways. However, recent years have shown that warehouse areas are also being developed in less invested spaces, including regions with little industrial development and focused on preserving natural assets. W&Is consume large shares of land, attract high volumes of truck movement and greatly affect the environment. The aim of this research is to analyse spatial changes in the distribution of W&Is in the north‐eastern part of Poland, called Europe's green lungs, with particular emphasis on changes in land use mix, road accessibility, the size of neighbouring cities and existing W&Is. The share of the W&Is in the built‐up areas of the Warmian‐Masurian region is for the present 7.14%. The largest W&Is are concentrated in the western part of the region. In the period from 2014 to 2022, this area increased by 311.77 ha. Both the government and the public must work together to facilitate effective regulation of warehousing externalities and equitable distribution of associated environmental influences.
Substrate availability may limit the response of tropical bacterioplankton biomass to warming
Authors: Morán Xosé Anxelu G. , Calleja Maria Ll. , Baltar Federico , Silva Luis , Ansari Mohd Ikram , de Albornoz Paloma Carrillo , Duarte Carlos M. , Lønborg Christian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe response of heterotrophic bacterioplankton to the addition of macrophytic dissolved organic matter (DOM) and temperature was investigated in the Red Sea. We added 40 μmol C L−1 of leachates obtained from seagrass and mangrove leaves to natural bacterial communities, incubated them at three temperatures (25.5°C found in situ plus 3°C below and above that value) and monitored the microbial and biogeochemical responses over 4 d. Seagrass and mangrove DOM, important allochthonous sources in tropical oligotrophic regions, had distinct chemical characteristics compared to unamended seawater, with mangrove substrates containing comparatively more nitrogen and protein‐like fluorescent DOM than seagrass. Specific growth rates (μ) increased twofold in the seagrass and mangrove treatments (1.0 and 0.8 d−1, respectively) relative to the seawater control (0.4 d−1). The biomass of heterotrophic bacteria generally reflected μ changes, reaching maximum values of 16.8 and 17.3 μg C L−1 in the seagrass and mangrove treatments, respectively, compared to just 2.6 μg C L−1 in seawater. The increase in μ values due to experimental warming followed the metabolic theory of ecology, mostly because of enhanced exoenzymatic activity, while cell size decreased as predicted by the temperature–size rule (mean −3% per °C increase). Although the labile nature of the specific seagrass and mangrove DOM leachates was clearly demonstrated, we conclude that tropical heterotrophic bacteria may have limited capability to increase their biomass as a consequence of future warming, even in the presence of high loadings of macrophytic DOM.
The Directional Design of the Quasi‐Phase‐Matching Short‐Wave Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Crystal
Authors: Sha Hongyuan , Yang Dongling , Shang Yanran , Wang Zujian , Su Rongbing , He Chao , Su Bin , Yang Xiaoming , Long Xifa , Pan Shilie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSince the study of short‐wave ultraviolet nonlinear optical crystals based on the quasi‐phase‐matching principle will effectively expand the development field of nonlinear optical materials, it is urgent to achieve their directional design. Here, it is proposed and implemented on account of the hexagonal wurtzite structure. Thus, the LiRbSeO4 crystal is obtained with [SeO4] groups as the main tetrahedra and [LiO4] as the separation. It exhibits a wide transparency window (0.22–5.57 µm) and an excellent nonlinear optical effect (≈1.7 × KH2PO4), which originates from the synergy of distorted tetrahedral groups and their uniform arrangement. More importantly, the LiRbSeO4 crystal is confirmed to be a ferroelectric with a typical polarization‐electric field hysteresis loop (a coercive field of 27.71 kV cm−1, a remanent polarization of 8.60 µC cm−2 at 373 K). Its ferroelectricity is further identified by the domain engineering studies, involving piezoelectricity and the chirality. Besides, ferroelectricity is attributed to the ordered arrangement of tetrahedra with the polarization reversal involving atomic displacements. Therefore, the LiRbSeO4 crystal is a promising short‐wave ultraviolet nonlinear optical candidate based on the quasi‐phase‐matching principle. This work also provides a new horizon for the design of nonlinear optical crystals.
RE‐ORIENTING LEADERSHIP COACHING FOR SUSTAINABLE EFFECTIVENESS
Authors: Renshaw Phil , Robinson Jenny 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe authors note that their “personal experience, client conversations, and research has led us to identify and highlight two critical issues where we see organizations consistently making serious errors that hold back the development of their leaders, waste money, and restrict the potential for longer term and sustainable effectiveness.” They note that organizations spend a considerable amount of money on outside coaching, yet this may not always be beneficial or cost‐effective for those organizations: “The first step,” they write, “is to understand when “a coach” can and can’t help. The second is to understand the difference between “a coach” (in other words a professional coach, or someone following such an approach) and leaders‐who‐coach. As a result, organizations can make the most of their coaching dollars, and their people.” They further clarify that “to determine when to use a professional coach, we use a simple question to address whether such coaching is a worthwhile endeavor: Does the executive need to develop and challenge themselves or do they need tools to function within their organization?” They conclude that solutions involve “creating leaders‐who‐coach who, as a result, will gradually enable a change in the underlying systemic issues.”
Characterization and Properties of Polylactic Acid/Cottonseed Protein Bioplastics
Authors: Jiang Yanli , Yan Peng , Mai Lingwei , Liu Hai , Liu Xiaobo , Yang Chufen , Peng Jinping , Yue Hangbo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, polylactic acid (PLA) is compounded with cottonseed protein concentrate (CPC) by melt blending under the compatibilization of maleic anhydride (MA), and then hot‐pressed to prepare PLA/CPC composite bioplastics. The attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy showed that high temperature and compatibilizer induced the protein secondary structure to transition. CPC can be used as a heterogeneous PLA nucleating agent, effectively accelerating PLA crystallization, which is characterized by polarization optical microscopy (POM), synchrotron radiation wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The highest crystallinity of the PLA/CPC10 composite is 8.9% higher than that of neat PLA. The unfolding of the protein secondary structure is likely to promote an orderly arrangement of PLA crystals, showing strong binding forces between them. Moreover, the CPC/PLA interfacial compatibility is improved by the addition of a small amount of maleic anhydride. The increased crystallinity and interfacial compatibility contribute to the improved mechanical properties, water resistance, and thermal stability of the bioplastics. Environmentally friendly plastic handicrafts (e.g., commemorative emblems, flower pots, ornaments, etc.) can be fabricated using these biocomposites for future value‐added applications.
Temperature‐Responsive Anisotropic Bilayer Hydrogel Actuators with Adaptive Shape Transformation for Enhanced Actuation and Smart Sensor Applications
Authors: Kalulu Mulenga , Mwanza Christopher , Munyati Onesmus , Hu Jun , Ogungbesan Shephrah O. , Fu Guodong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAnisotropic bilayer hydrogel actuators are high‐performance materials engineered to exhibit unique and programmable mechanical properties, including varying stiffness and directional bending capabilities, by integrating two hydrogel layers with distinct responses to stimuli. However, programming and constructing these bilayer hydrogels remains challenging due to their lack of mechanical robustness, rapid responsiveness, and dual‐actuation capabilities, which hinder their practical applications and further development. Hence, developing a double‐actuating bilayer hydrogel with a temperature‐responsive and auxiliary layer could address these challenges. Herein, an anisotropic hydrogel actuator is developed using a simple and economical casting method, in which a unique multiasymmetric bilayer structure locked by an interfacial is fabricated. The as‐prepared hydrogels demonstrate exceptional temperature‐responsive bending abilities, achieving a 360 °C angle in just 8 s, and exhibit adaptive, complex shape transformation capabilities tailored to specific needs (e.g., two dimensional (2D) letters, leaves, flower, and butterfly hydrogel). Furthermore, the hydrogels possess excellent shape memory, mechanical strength, and conductivity. Additionally, gripper and humidity alarm prototypes made from the hydrogel are also successfully developed, illustrating that this approach opens new avenues for designing and producing smart hydrogels with practical applications in sensors, smart humidity alarms, and on‐demand smart grippers and actuators.
Integrated Thermal Conductive and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Performance in Polyimide Composite: Impact of Carbon Felt‐Graphene Van der Waals Heterostructure
Authors: Yang Xiaohui , Wang Nan , Li Xiong , Xu Tongle , Song Na , Qian Gao , Ding Peng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWith the widespread application of highly integrated electronic devices, the urgent development of multifunctional polymer‐based composite materials with high electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) and thermal conductivity capabilities is critically essential. Herein, a graphene/carbon felt/polyimide (GCF/PI) composite is prepared through constructing 3D van der Waals heterostructure by heating carbon felt and graphene at high temperature. The GCF‐3/PI composite exhibits the highest through‐plane thermal conductivity with 1.31 W·m−1·K−1, when the content of carbon felt and graphene is 14.1 and 1.4 wt.%, respectively. The GCF‐3/PI composite material achieves a thermal conductivity that surpasses pure PI by 4.9 times. Additionally, GCF‐3/PI composite shows an outstanding EMI SE of 69.4 dB compared to 33.1 dB for CF/PI at 12 GHz. The 3D van der Waals heterostructure constructed by carbon felt and graphene sheets is conducive to the formation of continuous networks, providing fast channels for the transmission of phonons and carriers. This study provides a guidance on the impact of 3D van der Waals heterostructures on the thermal and EMI shielding properties of composites.
A unified generation‐registration framework for improved MR‐based CT synthesis in proton therapy
Authors: Li Xia , Bellotti Renato , Bachtiary Barbara , Hrbacek Jan , Weber Damien C. , Lomax Antony J. , Buhmann Joachim M. , Zhang Ye 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe use of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for proton therapy treatment planning is gaining attention as a highly effective method for guidance. At the core of this approach is the generation of computed tomography (CT) images from MR scans. However, the critical issue in this process is accurately aligning the MR and CT images, a task that becomes particularly challenging in frequently moving body areas, such as the head‐and‐neck. Misalignments in these images can result in blurred synthetic CT (sCT) images, adversely affecting the precision and effectiveness of the treatment planning.PurposeThis study introduces a novel network that cohesively unifies image generation and registration processes to enhance the quality and anatomical fidelity of sCTs derived from better‐aligned MR images.MethodsThe approach synergizes a generation network (G) with a deformable registration network (R), optimizing them jointly in MR‐to‐CT synthesis. This goal is achieved by alternately minimizing the discrepancies between the generated/registered CT images and their corresponding reference CT counterparts. The generation network employs a UNet architecture, while the registration network leverages an implicit neural representation (INR) of the displacement vector fields (DVFs). We validated this method on a dataset comprising 60 head‐and‐neck patients, reserving 12 cases for holdout testing.ResultsCompared to the baseline Pix2Pix method with MAE 124.9530.74 HU, the proposed technique demonstrated 80.987.55 HU. The unified translation‐registration network produced sharper and more anatomically congruent outputs, showing superior efficacy in converting MR images to sCTs. Additionally, from a dosimetric perspective, the plan recalculated on the resulting sCTs resulted in a remarkably reduced discrepancy to the reference proton plans.ConclusionsThis study conclusively demonstrates that a holistic MR‐based CT synthesis approach, integrating both image‐to‐image translation and deformable registration, significantly improves the precision and quality of sCT generation, particularly for the challenging body area with varied anatomic changes between corresponding MR and CT.
Time‐division multiplexing (TDM) sequence removes bias in T2 estimation and relaxation‐diffusion measurements
Authors: Liu Qiang , Gagoski Borjan , Shaik Imam Ahmed , Westin Carl‐Fredrik , Wilde Elisabeth A. , Schneider Walter , Bilgic Berkin , Grissom William A. , Nielsen Jon‐Fredrik , Zaitsev Maxim , Rathi Yogesh , Ning Lipeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeTo compare the performance of multi‐echo (ME) and time‐division multiplexing (TDM) sequences for accelerated relaxation‐diffusion MRI (rdMRI) acquisition and to examine their reliability in estimating accurate rdMRI microstructure measures.MethodThe ME, TDM, and the reference single‐echo (SE) sequences with six TEs were implemented using Pulseq with single‐band (SB) and multi‐band 2 (MB2) acceleration factors. On a diffusion phantom, the image intensities of the three sequences were compared, and the differences were quantified using the normalized RMS error (NRMSE). Shinnar–Le Roux (SLR) pulses were implemented for the SB‐ME and SB‐SE sequences to investigate the impact of slice profiles on ME sequences. For the in‐vivo brain scan, besides the image intensity comparison and T2‐estimates, different methods were used to assess sequence‐related effects on microstructure estimation, including the relaxation diffusion imaging moment (REDIM) and the maximum‐entropy relaxation diffusion distribution (MaxEnt‐RDD).ResultsTDM performance was similar to the gold standard SE acquisition, whereas ME showed greater biases (3–4× larger NRMSEs for phantom, 2× for in‐vivo). T2 values obtained from TDM closely matched SE, whereas ME sequences underestimated the T2 relaxation time. TDM provided similar diffusion and relaxation parameters as SE using REDIM, whereas SB‐ME exhibited a 60% larger bias in the <R2> map and on average 3.5× larger bias in the covariance between relaxation‐diffusion coefficients.ConclusionOur analysis demonstrates that TDM provides a more accurate estimation of relaxation‐diffusion measurements while accelerating the acquisitions by a factor of 2 to 3.
Physiotherapy Outcomes Are Associated With Shorter Waiting Times, More Treatment Sessions and Younger Age: Analysis of a Clinical Database
Authors: Murtagh Shemane , Touloumis Anestis , Olivier George , Butterworth Jake , Hammerbeck Ulrike 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMusculoskeletal (MSK) conditions affect over 20.3 million people in the UK, presenting a substantial economic impact on health and social services. Physiotherapy can alleviate MSK conditions, especially if delivered in the acute or sub‐acute period. However, patients often present after significant waiting times.ObjectivesOur analysis examined how waiting times and the number of treatments influenced physiotherapy outcomes for MSK conditions.DesignRetrospective analysis of the Data for Impact, Physio First dataset.MethodsLogistic regression models assessed the effects of symptom duration, treatment frequency, and other variables on pain, Patient‐Specific Functional Scores (PSFSs), and Goal Achievement (GA).ResultsAnalysis of 15,624 patient records showed that patients treated within two weeks of symptom onset were more likely to have favourable outcomes in pain (odds ratio [OR] = 2.01, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI] = 1.65–2.45), PSFS (OR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.55–2.08), and GA (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.51–2.01) compared to those treated after longer durations. Receiving four or more treatment sessions significantly improved outcomes compared with only one session (pain: OR = 4.64, PSFS: OR = 5.72, GA: OR = 1.94, all p's < 0.001), with no additional benefits beyond four sessions. Younger age was associated with better outcomes (approximately OR = 0.99 per year age difference). Other findings included better outcomes in males and in those with fewer previous episodes of the condition.ConclusionsShorter waiting times, a greater number of treatments, and younger patient age are associated with better physiotherapy outcomes for MSK conditions.
Safety of risdiplam in spinal muscular atrophy patients after short‐term treatment with nusinersen
Authors: Yan Yue , Feng Yijie , Jiang Liya , Jin Jianing , Mao Shanshan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsFollowing the approval of risdiplam, there are more possibilities for disease‐modifying therapy (DMT) in children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Non‐treatment‐naïve subjects with SMA involved in the JEWELFISH study, designed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of risdiplam, were required to undergo a washout period before receiving risdiplam. This study aims to investigate the safety of administering risdiplam in patients within 90 days of receiving treatment with nusinersen.MethodsData were collected on SMA patients who had undergone treatment with nusinersen, and who then received risdiplam within 90 days of their last dose of nusinersen, including demographic characteristics, information on treatment with nusinersen and risdiplam, adverse events, and laboratory assessments in a follow‐up period of 90 days, presented as median (range).ResultsA total of 15 children with SMA were reported, including 8 males and 7 females. The median number of doses of previous nusinersen treatment received was 8 (6–17) doses, and the median age at first risdiplam treatment was 4.3 (1.9–11.2) years. Specifically, 8 children received risdiplam 30 days or less after their most recent nusinersen treatment, 2 at 31–60 days after nusinersen, and 5 at 61–89 days post‐nusinersen. Adverse events of pyrexia, pneumonia, vomiting and rash were reported in 4 patients.DiscussionOur study showed good safety data on patients who received risdiplam following nusinersen within the washout period of 90 days. This supplements the JEWELFISH study in the era of DMT, providing additional guidance for clinicians, but additional data from other centers is needed.