bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decline Curve Analysis for Unconventional Reservoir Systems — Variable Pressure Drop Case
Authors: Ilk D. , Blasingame T. A. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The premise of this work is the development and application of a new methodology to forecast production data in unconventional reservoirs where variable rate and pressure drop data are typically observed throughout production. Decline curve analysis techniques for the estimation of ultimate recovery (EUR) require the constant bottomhole pressure condition during the producing life of the well — whereas it is not regular practice to maintain a constant bottomhole pressure profile throughout production in unconventional reservoirs. Therefore, the applicability of the time-rate decline relations is questionable, and methods to remove pressure variations from rate response are needed for generating future production forecasts.
From a conceptual view point, we propose the utilization of the convolution/superposition theory along with the recently developed "empirical" time-rate equations, which are normalized by pressure drop data. In order to avoid non-uniqueness, a workflow is used where model parameters for the "normalized" decline curve equations are identified using diagnostic "qDb" plots. Normalized decline curve equations are then convolved with the pressure drop data to achieve a history match and to forecast production.
We provide demonstrative application of this technique using an example from an high pressure high temperature shale gas reservoir. For varying bottomhole pressure cases, we show that our proposed techniques effectively remove pressure variations from the rate history. We present the differences in computed EUR values using decline curve analysis with and without corrections for varying pressures. In addition, forecasts are generated using supplementary plots such as pressure drop normalized rate versus cumulative production.
Well Flow Dynamic Modelling – the Tool to Optimize Well Operations
Authors: Konstantin Petrukhin 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Over the last years there is a great progress in the dynamic simulation approach to wellbore processes modeling. First of all, it is explained by the reason that classic modeling method (nodal analysis) is unable to take into account every wellbore transient processes completely. The processes, in their turn, constitute an integral part of the well performance during the start-ups – shutdowns, changes of well operation mode.
The main objective of this study is to develop qualitative and quantitative understanding of well transient processes and opportunity to optimize the well operation as well. This problem is important today because there is no reliable instrument enabling to estimate and optimize well operation under the transient processes.
Narrative Disclosure and Earnings Performance: Evidence from R&D Disclosures
Authors: Merkley Kenneth J. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT
This paper examines how earnings performance relates to firms' narrative R&D disclosure decisions. The unique nature of R&D investments and financial statements' limited ability to communicate the value of such investments highlight the role of narrative disclosure as a supplement to the financial statements. I predict and find that current earnings performance (adjusted for R&D expense) is negatively related to the quantity of narrative R&D disclosure. Conducting a content analysis of the detail, tone, and readability of narrative R&D disclosures, I find that managers adjust R&D disclosures based on earnings performance to provide relevant information rather than to obfuscate performance. Finally, I provide evidence that market participants find narrative R&D disclosure informative because it significantly affects sell-side analyst behavior, disclosure information content, and information asymmetry.
Data Availability: Data are available from sources identified in the text.
Effect of Double-layer Application on Dentin Bond Durability of One-step Self-etch Adhesives
Authors: Taschner M , Kümmerling M , Lohbauer U , Breschi L , Petschelt A , Frankenberger R 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARY

Purpose
The aim of this in vitro study was 1) to analyze the influence of a double-layer application technique of four one-step self-etch adhesive systems on dentin and 2) to determine its effect on the stability of the adhesive interfaces stored under different conditions.

Materials and Methods
Four different one-step self-etch adhesives were selected for the study (iBondSE, Clearfil S3 Bond, XenoV+, and Scotchbond Universal). Adhesives were applied according to manufacturers' instructions or with a double-layer application technique (without light curing of the first layer). After bonding, resin-dentin specimens were sectioned for microtensile bond strength testing in accordance with the nontrimming technique and divided into 3 subgroups of storage: a) 24 hours (immediate bond strength, T0), b) six months (T6) in artificial saliva at 37°C, or c) five hours in 10 % NaOCl at room temperature. After storage, specimens were stressed to failure. Fracture mode was assessed under a light microscope.

Results
At T0, iBond SE showed a significant increase in microtensile bond strength when the double-application technique was applied. All adhesive systems showed reduced bond strengths after six months of storage in artificial saliva and after storage in 10% NaOCl for five hours; however at T6, iBond SE, Clearfil S3 Bond, and XenoV+ showed significantly higher microtensile bond strength results for the double-application technique compared with the single-application technique. Scotchbond Universal showed no difference between single- or double-application, irrespective of the storage conditions.

Conclusion
The results of this study show that improvements in bond strength of one-step self-etch adhesives by using the double-application technique are adhesive dependent.
Stable cohomology of alternating groups
Authors: Bogomolov Fedor , Böhning Christian 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
We determine the stable cohomology groups ($$H_S^i \left( {{{\mathfrak{A}_n ,\mathbb{Z}} \mathord{\left/
{\vphantom {{\mathfrak{A}_n ,\mathbb{Z}} {p\mathbb{Z}}}} \right.
\kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {p\mathbb{Z}}}} \right)$$ of the alternating groups $$\mathfrak{A}_n$$ for all integers n and i, and all odd primes p.
Method to obtain carbon nano-onions by pyrolisys of propane
Authors: Garcia-Martin Tomas , Rincon-Arevalo Pedro , Campos-Martin Gemma 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
We present a new and simple method for carbon nano-onions (CNOs) production which is based on the pyrolysis of Propane. CNOs are originated in a laminar premixed Propane/Oxygen flame of approximately 1.8 of stoichiometric coefficient. The stream of gasses resulting from the combustion drives the carbon particles towards the aluminium surface on which nano-onions are deposited and collected. The structure and size of the deposited carbon onion on the metal wall are characterized by High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy technique (HRTEM). The experimental images show the presence of two different types of CNOs. The first particles have diameters in the range of 18-25 nm and the second ones around 10 nm.
Collision of water wave solitons
Authors: Fenyvesi Nora , Bene Gyula 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
A classification of the time evolution of the two-soliton solutions of the Boussinesq equation is given, based on the number of extrema of the wave. For solitons moving in the same directions, three different scenarios are found, while it is shown that only one of these scenarios exists in case of oppositely moving solitons.
LOINC in Prehospital Emergency Medicine in Germany – Experience of the `DIRK´-Project
Authors: Edeler B. , Majeed R. W. , Ahlbrandt J. , Stöhr M. R. , Stommel F. , Brenck F. , Thun S. , Röhrig R. 
Published: November 2013

SummaryBackground: Treatment of patients picked up by emergency services can be improved by data transfer ahead of arrival. Care given to emergency patients can be assessed and improved through data analysis. Both goals require electronic data transfer from the emergency medical services (EMS) to the hospital information system. Therefore a generic semantic standard is needed.Objectives: Objective of this paper is to test the suitability of the international nomenclature Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) to encode the core data-sets for rescue service protocols (MIND 2 and MIND 3). Encoding diagnosis and medication categories using ICD-10 and ATC were also assessed.Methods: Protocols were broken down into concepts, assigned to categories, translated and manually mapped to LOINC codes. Each protocol was independently encoded by two healthcare professionals and in case of discrepancies a third expert was consulted to reach a consensus.Results: Currently 39% of parameters could be mapped to LOINC. Additional use of other coding systems such as International Statis -tical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) for diagnoses and Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System (ATC) for medications increases the rate of ‘mappable’ parameters to 56%.Conclusions: Although the coverage is low, mapping has shown that LOINC is suitable to encode concepts of the rescue services. In order to create a generic semantic model to be applied in the field our next step is to request new LOINC codes for the missing concepts.
Liver Fibrosis Progression in HIV–HCV-Coinfected Patients Treated with Distinct Antiretroviral Drugs and Impact of Pegylated Interferon/Ribavirin Therapy
Authors: Fernández-Montero José V , Barreiro Pablo , Vispo Eugenia , Labarga Pablo , Sánchez-Parra Clara , de Mendoza Carmen , Treviño Ana , Soriano Vicente 
Published: November 2013

Background Advanced liver fibrosis frequently develops in patients with chronic hepatitis C coinfected with HIV. Non-invasive techniques for staging liver fibrosis, such as transient elastometry, may allow both periodic monitoring and examination of large patient populations. Methods A programme of liver fibrosis assessment using transient elastometry has been ongoing at our institution since 2004. All HIV-HCV-coinfected patients having ≥2 examinations separated by >18 months were included. Liver fibrosis progression (LFP) was defined as an increase in liver stiffness from <9.5 kPa (Metavir F0-F2) to >9.5 kPa (Metavir F3-F4), or an increase >30% in patients with baseline Metavir F3-F4. Results A total of 545 HIV-HCV-coinfected patients were analysed (mean age 41 years, 71% male, 81% intravenous drug users, mean body mass index 23.3 kg/m2, 4.2% hepatitis B surface antigen-positive, 8.4% alcohol abuse, mean CD4+ T-cell count 519 cells/μl). At baseline, 527 patients were on antiretroviral therapy, with the most frequent third drug being atazanavir (19.7%), efavirenz (15.9%), lopinavir (13.1%) or nevirapine (7.2%). A total of 99 (18%) patients experienced LFP during a mean (sd) follow-up of 70.9 (15.7) months. Use of protease inhibitors (OR 4.93, 95% CI 1.73, 14.0; P=0.03) and male gender (OR 5.12, 95% CI 1.37, 19.1; P=0.01) were associated with LFP. By contrast, the achievement of HCV clearance following pegylated interferon/ribavirin (PEG-IFN/RBV) therapy (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.1, 0.79; P=0.02) was protective. Lopinavir exposure was significantly associated with LFP (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.0, 1.04; P=0.03), whereas nevirapine was protective (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.9, 0.99; P=0.02). Conclusions The use of protease inhibitors, mainly lopinavir, is associated with increased LFP in HIV–HCV-coinfected patients. By contrast, nevirapine therapy and, particularly, HCV clearance with PEG-IFN/RBV significantly reduce LFP.
Staphylococcus aureus Leukotoxin GH Promotes Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps
Authors: Malachowa Natalia , Kobayashi Scott D. , Freedman Brett , Dorward David W. , DeLeo Frank R. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus secretes numerous virulence factors that facilitate evasion of the host immune system. Among these molecules are pore-forming cytolytic toxins, including Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL), leukotoxin GH (LukGH; also known as LukAB), leukotoxin DE, and γ-hemolysin. PVL and LukGH have potent cytolytic activity in vitro, and both toxins are proinflammatory in vivo. Although progress has been made toward elucidating the role of these toxins in S. aureus virulence, our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the proinflammatory capacity of these toxins, as well as the associated host response toward them, is incomplete. To address this deficiency in knowledge, we assessed the ability of LukGH to prime human PMNs for enhanced bactericidal activity and further investigated the impact of the toxin on neutrophil function. We found that, unlike PVL, LukGH did not prime human neutrophils for increased production of reactive oxygen species nor did it enhance binding and/or uptake of S. aureus. Unexpectedly, LukGH promoted the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which, in turn, ensnared but did not kill S. aureus. Furthermore, we found that electropermeabilization of human neutrophils, used as a separate means to create pores in the neutrophil plasma membrane, similarly induced formation of NETs, a finding consistent with the notion that NETs can form during nonspecific cytolysis. We propose that the ability of LukGH to promote formation of NETs contributes to the inflammatory response and host defense against S. aureus infection.
HLA Class I Alleles Are Associated with Peptide-Binding Repertoires of Different Size, Affinity, and Immunogenicity
Authors: Paul Sinu , Weiskopf Daniela , Angelo Michael A. , Sidney John , Peters Bjoern , Sette Alessandro 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Prediction of HLA binding affinity is widely used to identify candidate T cell epitopes, and an affinity of 500 nM is routinely used as a threshold for peptide selection. However, the fraction (percentage) of peptides predicted to bind with affinities of 500 nM varies by allele. For example, of a large collection of ∼30,000 dengue virus–derived peptides only 0.3% were predicted to bind HLA A*0101, wheras nearly 5% were predicted for A*0201. This striking difference could not be ascribed to variation in accuracy of the algorithms used, as predicted values closely correlated with affinity measured in vitro with purified HLA molecules. These data raised the question whether different alleles would also vary in terms of epitope repertoire size, defined as the number of associated epitopes or, alternatively, whether alleles vary drastically in terms of the affinity threshold associated with immunogenicity. To address this issue, strains of HLA transgenic mice with wide (A*0201), intermediate (B*0702), or narrow (A*0101) repertoires were immunized with peptides of varying binding affinity and relative percentile ranking. The results show that absolute binding capacity is a better predictor of immunogenicity, and analysis of epitopes from the Immune Epitope Database revealed that predictive efficacy is increased using allele-specific affinity thresholds. Finally, we investigated the genetic and structural basis of the phenomenon. Although no stringent correlate was defined, on average HLA B alleles are associated with significantly narrower repertoires than are HLA A alleles.
Recipient Myeloid-Derived Immunomodulatory Cells Induce PD-1 Ligand–Dependent Donor CD4+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cell Proliferation and Donor–Recipient Immune Tolerance after Murine Nonmyeloablative Bone Marrow Transplantation
Authors: van der Merwe Marie , Abdelsamed Hossam A. , Seth Aman , Ong Taren , Vogel Peter , Pillai Asha B. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe showed previously that nonmyeloablative total lymphoid irradiation/rabbit anti-thymocyte serum (TLI/ATS) conditioning facilitates potent donor–recipient immune tolerance following bone marrow transplantation (BMT) across MHC barriers via recipient invariant NKT (iNKT) cell-derived IL-4–dependent expansion of donor Foxp3+ naturally occurring regulatory T cells (nTregs). In this study, we report a more specific mechanism. Wild-type (WT) BALB/c (H-2d) hosts were administered TLI/ATS and BMT from WT or STAT6−/− C57BL/6 (H-2b) donors. Following STAT6−/− BMT, donor nTregs demonstrated no loss of proliferation in vivo, indicating that an IL-4–responsive population in the recipient, rather than the donor, drives donor nTreg proliferation. In graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) target organs, three recipient CD11b+ cell subsets (Gr-1highCD11c−, Gr-1intCD11c−, and Gr-1lowCD11c+) were enriched early after TLI/ATS + BMT versus total body irradiation/ATS + BMT. Gr-1lowCD11c+ cells induced potent H-2Kb+CD4+Foxp3+ nTreg proliferation in vitro in 72-h MLRs. Gr-1lowCD11c+ cells were reduced significantly in STAT6−/− and iNKT cell–deficient Jα18−/− BALB/c recipients after TLI/ATS + BMT. Depletion of CD11b+ cells resulted in severe acute GVHD, and adoptive transfer of WT Gr-1lowCD11c+ cells to Jα18−/− BALB/c recipients of TLI/ATS + BMT restored day-6 donor Foxp3+ nTreg proliferation and protection from CD8 effector T cell–mediated GVHD. Blockade of programmed death ligand 1 and 2, but not CD40, TGF-β signaling, arginase 1, or iNOS, inhibited nTreg proliferation in cocultures of recipient-derived Gr-1lowCD11c+ cells with donor nTregs. Through iNKT-dependent Th2 polarization, myeloid-derived immunomodulatory dendritic cells are expanded after nonmyeloablative TLI/ATS conditioning and allogeneic BMT, induce PD-1 ligand–dependent donor nTreg proliferation, and maintain potent graft-versus-host immune tolerance.
New Characterizations of the Weighted Composition Operators Between Bloch Type Spaces in the Polydisk
Authors: Fang Zhong-Shan , Zhou Ze-Hua 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe give some new characterizations for compactness of weighted composition operators uCφ acting on Bloch-type spaces in terms of the power of the components of φ where φ is a holomorphic self-map of the polydisk 𝔻n, thus generalizing the results obtained by Hyvärinen and Lindström in 2012.
A Compass for Valuation: Peircean Realism in Alain Locke's Functional Theory of Value
Authors: Moses Greg 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT
When Alain Locke developed a philosophy of valuation that he termed “functional relativism,” he contrasted his position to “value realism,” apparently because he wanted to keep valuations free from being bound to status quo existence. This article considers Locke's philosophy of valuation in relation to the “realism” of Charles S. Peirce in order to show that there is an approach to realism that answers to requirements of dynamic, evolutionary growth and creativity. The argument begins by placing Locke's cardinal values onto a compass-like diagram inspired by Black Elk's ritual acknowledgment of cardinal directions. The illustration of a hoop of valuation is used to explore the usefulness of thinking in terms of diagrams, with explicit reference to Peircean semiotics. Next the article pursues a context of valuation developed through the psychical philosophy of George Herbert Mead and recent work on Peircean realism. It shows how valuation may be viewed as an exercise in freedom, not confined to status quo existence. Sources of error are acknowledged and reviewed. In the end, Peirce's choice of realism versus nominalism is found to be consistent with Lockean commitments to shared living in communities of inquiry. A Lockean philosophy of valuation, therefore, is not necessarily antirealist.
Seguridad Ciudadana: El Aporte de las Metodologías Implicativas
Authors: García Ojeda Mauricio , Zambrano Constanzo Alba 
Published: November 2013

El presente artículo revisa el concepto de seguridad ciudadana, proponiéndose queesta debe ser entendida en el contexto de los actuales procesos de exclusión social.Se expone que la gestión de la seguridad ciudadana que se realiza desde el ámbitopúblico tiene a la base ciertas concepciones de esta, las que definen estilos de hacerque pueden orientarse hacia el cumplimiento de la normas y la vigilancia o tener a la base la valoración de participación de la ciudadanía.En sintonía con este segundo estilo de abordar los problemas de seguridad ciudadana, se propone que esta debe concebirse desde una perspectiva amplia, fundamentada el ideario normativo del Desarrollo Humano y los derechos ciudadanos y que, por tanto, considere que las acciones emprendidas deben articularse integralmente, para que permitan superar condiciones de exclusión social. Para hacer viable lo anterior, es necesario que las diversas iniciativas de seguridad ciudadana operen desde el nivel local, con énfasis en el territorio y tendiendo a la base de las acciones emprendidas el uso de metodologías implicativas o participativas Finalmente, se hace referencia a experiencias desarrolladas en España y en Chile, vinculadas a la seguridad ciudadana sobre la base de metodologías participativas. Además, se presentan reflexiones sobre el aporte de las metodologías implicativas para promover la ciudadanía y el desarrollo sustentable de las ciudades.
Discurso Psicopatológico y Subjetividad Contemporánea
Authors: Aceituno M. Roberto , Bornhauser Niklas 
Published: November 2013

En este trabajo se discuten algunas hipótesis acerca de la relación entre discurso de la clínica psicológica (psicología, psiquiatría, psicoterapia) y subjetividad contemporánea.Se entiende por discurso clínico al conjunto de prácticas y de saberes aplicados a los trastornos psíquicos o, más ampliamente, al ámbito de la salud mental. La noción de discurso sugiere que estas prácticas se constituyen en el marco histórico y sociocultural que define sus condiciones de conocimiento y de aplicación. Por otraparte, entendemos por subjetividad contemporánea a aquellas dinámicas y estructuras subjetivas propias a la época actual, en el marco de las condiciones socioculturales de la llamada modernidad tardía o posmodernidad. El análisis se centra en los trastornos “límites” como expresión discursiva de la subjetividad contemporánea.
Empoderamiento de parejas y familias a través de la integración de la psicología y la educación popular
Authors: McWhirter Benedict T. , Hawley McWhirter Ellen 
Published: November 2013

En este artículo se describe un programa de entrenamiento, consultoría y asesoramiento, desarrollado por más de seis años en un sector popular de Santiago, Chile (Peñalolén). Durante este tiempo, se enseñó destrezas psicológicas a parejas involucradas en al educación popular y pastoral a través de un programa de formación en fe familiar y educación religiosa. El trabajo se basó en los principios del Modelo de Empoderamiento (McWhirter), en la Teología de la Liberación (Gutiérrez), y en la integración de ambos. Se discute la experiencia señalando sus implicaciones tanto para el entrenamiento de psicólogos como en general para la práctica en psicología.
Atherothrombotic risk in obesity
Authors: Vera R. , Vilahur G. , Badimon L. 
Published: November 2013

SummaryA link between obesity and coronary artery disease development has been repeatedly proposed, possibly in part due to the development of a proinflammatory and prothrombotic state in obese subjects. Adipocytes secrete numerous hormones and cytokines (adipokines) which influence gene expression and cell functions in endothelial cells, arterial smooth muscle cells, and monocytes/macrophages favouring the development of an atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque. Moreover, the release of such biologically active molecules also promotes endothelial function impairment, disturbs the haemostatic and fibrinolytic systems, and produces alterations in platelet function affecting the initiation, progression, and stabilization of thrombus formation upon atherosclerotic plaque rupture.In this review we will discuss the patho-physiological mechanisms by which obesity contributes to increase atherothrombosis paying special attention to its effects over thrombosis.