bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regeneration of Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tendon Tear After Ultrasound-Guided Injection With Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Rabbit Model
Authors: Park Gi-Young , Kwon Dong Rak , Lee Sang Chul 
Published: September 2015

Abstract

Rotator cuff tendon tear is one of the most common causes of chronic shoulder pain and disability. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of ultrasound-guided human umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) injection to regenerate a full-thickness subscapularis tendon tear in a rabbit model by evaluating the gross morphology and histology of the injected tendon and motion analysis of the rabbit's activity. At 4 weeks after ultrasound-guided UCB-derived MSC injection, 7 of the 10 full-thickness subscapularis tendon tears were only partial-thickness tears, and 3 remained full-thickness tendon tears. The tendon tear size and walking capacity at 4 weeks after UCB-derived MSC injection under ultrasound guidance were significantly improved compared with the same parameters immediately after tendon tear. UCB-derived MSC injection under ultrasound guidance without surgical repair or bioscaffold resulted in the partial healing of full-thickness rotator cuff tendon tears in a rabbit model. Histology revealed that UCB-derived MSCs induced regeneration of rotator cuff tendon tear and that the regenerated tissue was predominantly composed of type I collagens. In this study, ultrasound-guided injection of human UCB-derived MSCs contributed to regeneration of the full-thickness rotator cuff tendon tear without surgical repair. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of local injection of MSCs into the rotator cuff tendon.

Significance
The results of this study suggest that ultrasound-guided umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell injection may be a useful conservative treatment for full-thickness rotator cuff tendon tear repair.
Discretization Methods for Continuous Probability Distributions
Authors: Hammond Robert K. , Eric Bickel J. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractDecision analysis problems typically involve probabilistic modeling of discrete and continuous uncertainties. In order to facilitate assessment or represent continuous uncertainties in a discrete decision tree, it is common for decision analysts to represent pdfs with properly designed pmfs, a process known asdiscretization. We describe several discretization methods, describing the strengths and weaknesses of each. We also provide example applications of several of these methods.
Decision Making with Partial Probabilistic or Preference Information
Authors: Montiel Luis V. , Bickel J. Eric 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe present a model to characterize partial information using linear constraints and review the joint distribution simulator algorithm (JDSIM), which is the main tool in the analysis of potentially optimal alternatives. We revisit the basic concepts of decision under uncertainty and the geometry of the regions of optimality. Finally, we present an example to illustrate the concepts and conclude with new directions for future research.
Teaching Soft
OR/MS
Methodologies: What, Why, and How
Authors: Ackermann Fran 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
This article explores the value of soft OR methods through the device of Kipling's 6 wise men reflecting on what is soft OR, why teach it, who and when should it be taught, and finally how should it be taught. This article notes the evolution and coming of age of the methodologies before moving to the what, why, and how elements, and concludes with some suggestions for future development. This article aims to also provide a good overview of the field of soft OR with a wide range of reference material so those interested in the field and/or particular aspects are able to explore in more depth.
Predictors of 30‐day morbidity and mortality in transnasal microscopic pituitary tumor excision
Authors: Lawrence Lauren A. , Baker Andrew B. , Nguyen Shaun A. , Karnezis Tom T. , Soler Zachary M. , Schlosser Rodney J. 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundThere is a lack of population‐based, multi‐institutional analyses of factors associated with morbidity and mortality following pituitary tumor excision.MethodsThe American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project files were used to compile information on patients that had undergone transnasal microscopic pituitary tumor resection from 2006 to 2012. Patient demographics, comorbidities, operative characteristics, and morbidity and mortality in the 30 days following surgery were included. Multivariate logistic regression was used for categorical variables and multivariate linear regression was used for continuous variables to evaluate factors leading to adverse events.ResultsA total of 658 patients were included, of which 58 (8.81%) experienced a complication, reoperation or death in the 30 days following surgery. The most common complications were reoperation (3.37%), followed by unplanned reintubation (1.99%), urinary tract infection (1.68%), and transfusion (1.68%). Predictors of any complication, reoperation, or death include preoperative sepsis (odds ratio [OR] = 7.596) and lower preoperative serum albumin (OR = 6.667). Younger age predicted surgical complications (OR = 1.105). Predictors of medical complications include higher body mass index (OR = 1.112), chronic steroid use (OR = 6.568), preoperative sepsis (OR = 15.297), and lower preoperative serum hematocrit (OR = 1.225). Predictors of increased total length of hospital stay were older age (β = 0.146), higher body mass index (β = 0.188), chronic steroid use (β = 0.142), preoperative sepsis (β = 0.489), and lower preoperative serum albumin (β = −0.213).ConclusionAlthough adverse events following pituitary tumor excision are low, awareness of factors associated with morbidity and mortality in the early postoperative period may allow for improved patient monitoring and outcomes.
Facile preparation for robust and freestanding silk fibroin films in a 1‐butyl‐3‐methyl imidazolium acetate ionic liquid system
Authors: Li Lu , Xiong Yanna , Yu Shitao , Liu Shiwei , Liu Fusheng , Xie Congxia 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTSilk fibroin film (SFF) with excellent mechanical properties was prepared for the first time with Bombyx mori silk fibroin as the material and 1‐butyl‐3‐methyl imidazolium acetate ([Bmim]OAc) ionic liquid (IL) as the solvent. The aim was to understand whether the microstructure of SFF could be modified and whether the mechanical properties were improved when [Bmim]OAc IL was used as a solution. With this new system, the obtained SFF was easily peeled off of the substrate, and the silk fibroin proteins retained the α‐helix secondary structure (silk I). Further test results show that the tensile strength (126.8–129.7 MPa) and anti‐UV performance were stronger than the silk fibroin regenerated by traditional ways. Therefore, this study provided and identified a new method with [Bmim]OAc to obtain SFF with strong mechanical properties. This facile preparation and related SFF with excellent mechanical strength could have potential applications in biocompatible implants, synthetic coatings for artificial skin, and many other areas. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42822.
A Smooth Wave‐Form Shaped Command with Flexible Maneuvering Time: Analysis and Experiments
Authors: Alhazza Khaled , Masoud Ziyad , Alotaibi Nehal 
Published: September 2015

AbstractShaped commands are used to eliminate residual oscillations of crane payloads. Command jerks are detrimental to the safe and efficient operation of cranes. Smooth shaped commands are recommended to avoid such jerks in motion commands to crane motors. The amplitude of the shaped command is governed by its time length. The time length of the shaped command is highly dependent on the natural period of oscillation of the payload. A flexible time length of the shaped command introduces flexibility in selecting the desired command amplitude that would lead to a reduced stress on the crane actuators. In this work, a smooth wave‐form acceleration command is proposed to eliminate residual oscillations in rest‐to‐rest maneuvers of cranes. The proposed shaped command is derived analytically. The system performance is simulated numerically and validated experimentally on a scaled model of an overhead crane. The proposed wave‐form is further modified to relax the dependence of the profile on the natural period of oscillation of the payload.
Comorbidities, smoking status, and life expectancy among individuals eligible for lung cancer screening
Authors: Howard David H. , Richards Thomas B. , Bach Peter B. , Kegler Michelle C. , Berg Carla J. 
Published: September 2015

BACKGROUNDLung cancer screening recommendations are based on results from the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST). The authors determined how the screening‐eligible US population differs from NLST participants in terms of characteristics that affect their ability to benefit from screening.METHODSThe authors identified respondents to the 2012 Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a national survey of individuals aged ≥50 years who are eligible for screening based on US Preventive Services Task Force and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services criteria. Comorbidities, life expectancy, smoking history, and other characteristics were compared between the screening‐eligible population and NLST participants.RESULTSThe authors estimated that in 2013, 8.4 million individuals (95% confidence interval, 7.9‐8.9 million individuals) would have met the eligibility criteria for lung cancer screening established by the US Preventive Services Task Force. Compared with NLST participants, HRS screening‐eligible respondents were older, more likely to be current smokers, and more likely to have been diagnosed with comorbidities. The 5‐year survival rate was 87% in the HRS screening‐eligible individuals versus 93% in the NLST participants (P<.001, based on a 2‐sided test). Life expectancy was 18.7 years in the HRS screening‐eligible individuals versus 21.2 years in the NLST participants.CONCLUSIONSThe US population eligible for lung cancer screening is probably less likely to benefit from early detection than NLST participants because they face a high risk of death from competing causes. The results of the current study highlight the need for smoking cessation interventions targeting those patients eligible for screening and tools to help clinicians determine the potential benefits of screening in individual patients. Cancer 2015;121:4341–7. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Association of very low prostate‐specific antigen levels with increased cancer‐specific death in men with high‐grade prostate cancer
Authors: Mahal Brandon A. , Aizer Ayal A. , Efstathiou Jason A. , Nguyen Paul L. 
Published: September 2015

BACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to determine whether a very low presenting prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level was associated with greater prostate cancer–specific mortality (PCSM) among men with a Gleason score (GS) of 8 to 10.METHODSThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program was used to identify 328,904 men diagnosed with clinicalT1 (cT1)‐4N0M0 prostate cancer between 2004 and 2010. A multivariate Fine‐Gray competing risks regression analysis was used to determine PCSM as a function of the PSA level (≤2.5, 2.6‐4, 4.1‐10, 10.1‐20, 20.1‐40, or > 40 ng/mL) and GS (8‐10 vs ≤ 7).RESULTSThe median follow‐up was 38 months. Among men with GS 8‐10 disease, with a PSA level of 4.1 to 10 ng/mL as the referent, the adjusted hazard ratio for PCSM for men was 2.15 with a PSA level ≤ 2.5 ng/mL (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.65‐2.79; P < .001), 1.60 with a PSA level of 2.6 to 4 ng/mL (95% CI, 1.22‐2.10; P = .001), 1.60 with a PSA level of 10.1 to 20 ng/mL (95% CI, 1.41‐1.82; P < .001), 2.08 with a PSA level of 20.1 to 40 ng/mL (95% CI, 1.81‐2.38; P < .001), and 3.23 with a PSA level > 40 ng/mL (95% CI, 2.85‐3.65; P < .001). This suggested a U‐shaped distribution. There was a significant interaction between the PSA level and GS (Pinteraction < .001) such that only a PSA level ≤ 2.5 ng/mL significantly predicted poorer PCSM among patients with GS 8‐10 disease.CONCLUSIONSAmong patients with high‐grade disease, patients with PSA levels ≤ 2.5 ng/mL or PSA levels of 2.6 to 4 ng/mL appear to have a higher risk for cancer‐specific death in comparison with patients with PSA levels of 10.1 to 20 ng/mL, and this supports the notion that low PSA levels in GS 8‐10 disease may be a sign of aggressive and very poorly differentiated or anaplastic low PSA–producing tumors. Patients with low‐PSA, GS 8‐10 disease should be considered for clinical trials studying the use of chemotherapy and other novel agents for very high‐risk prostate cancers. Cancer 2016;122:78–83. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Refining TCP's RTT dependent mechanism by utilizing link retransmission delay measurement in Wireless LAN
Authors: Dalal Purvang , Sarkar Mohanchur , Kothari Nikhil , Dasgupta Kankar 
Published: September 2015

SummaryNetwork utilization by legacy transmission control protocol (TCP) is determined by its round trip time (RTT) dependent mechanism for the growth of its sending rate. The RTT does not always reflect the actual network conditions, especially in the case of wireless local area network (WLAN). Consequently, it influences the RTT‐dependent mechanism falsely. This paper proposes a novel cross‐layer scheme between TCP and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 medium access control (MAC) that compensates for any diminished growth of TCP's sending rate because of the inclusion of non‐congestion delay component in RTT, if any. The proposed scheme has two refinements. The first refinement is at the MAC layer that notifies the additional propagation delay on account of link retransmission of a TCP packet. The second refinement is at the TCP layer in which the sender adapts the sending rate by relating the aforementioned additional propagation delay to the RTT estimation. To examine the benefits, the proposed scheme is evaluated after implementing it on top of representative TCP variants; Newreno and Westwood+ (TCPW). Simulation results showed that with the proposed scheme, network utilization by native TCP is improved by more than 35% in a dedicated WLAN environment, while the performance remained protected in a shared WLAN environment. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cyanoacrylate medical glue application in intervertebral disc annulus defect repair: Mechanical and biocompatible evaluation
Authors: Kang Ran , Li Haisheng , Lysdahl Helle , Quang Svend Le Dang , Chen Menglin , Xie Lin , Bünger Cody 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn an attempt to find an ideal closure method during annulus defect repair, we evaluate the use of medical glue by mechanical and biocompatible test. Cyanoacrylate medical glue was applied together with a multilayer microfiber/nanofiber polycaprolactone scaffold and suture in annulus repair. Continuous axial loading and fatigue mechanical test was performed. Furthermore, the in vitro response of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) to the glue was evaluated by cell viability assay. The in vivo response of annulus tissue to the glue and scaffold was also studied in porcine lumbar spine; histological sections were evaluated after 3 months. Cyanoacrylate glue significantly improved the closure effect in the experimental group with failure load 2825.7 ± 941.6 N, compared to 774.1 ± 281.3 N in the control group without glue application (p < 0.01). The experimental group also withstood the fatigue test. No toxic effect was observed by in vitro cell culture and in vivo implantation. On the basis of this initial evaluation, the use of cyanoacrylate medical glue improves closure effect with no toxicity in annulus defect repair. This method of annulus repair merits further effectiveness study in vivo. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 14–20, 2017.
The Logic of History and Leadership: Anselm's Analogs
Authors: Blessing Tim H. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractSweeney (2003) has stated that Anselm of Canterbury produced a paradoxical understanding: God is both inaccessible and obvious (p. 17). The current article proceeds analogically from Anselm's works to a consideration of whether Leadership Studies and the Social Sciences in general can access the obvious omnipresence of History. Finding that neither Leadership Studies nor the other Social Sciences can access that which is obvious, it then extends, in an Anselmian paradox, to discuss the inevitable use of History in Leadership Studies.
Robert Nisbet on Images of History
Authors: Harter Nathan 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe tendency to ascribe patterns to history must be grounded in the evidence. Otherwise, the pattern one devises can become mistaken for reality. Paradoxically, Robert Nisbet described a pattern in the history of writing history, from the ancient metaphor of history as a series of life cycles to the modern image of linear progress. The usefulness of such images can be outweighed by their limitations, which Nisbet set forth, in large part because history simply is not finished yet. We today—and especially leaders—should not find ourselves trapped within any one paradigm. Images of history do not control leaders.
Eric Voegelin, Reflexive Distance, and Harnessing the Benefits of Metaxy: The Leader's Imperative to Participate in History and Becoming
Authors: Thomas Oliver 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe capacity to lead consciously is connected to the leader's knowledge of the self and one's environment. Eric Voegelin stipulated that gaining reflexive distance through comparative historical knowledge allowed for a deeper understanding of an individual's place in society. Citing his works, the current article explains the utility to leaders in understanding historiography, confronting narratives of the past, and criticizing previous normative structures. Leaders come to understand their place in the process of “becoming” by confronting the past. Harnessing the capacity to reflect, leaders can use history as a mirror to demand more of themselves and followers. Moreover, as leaders come to comprehend symbols of mankind's attempt to make sense of the universe and to establish some degree of order, disruptions to the “order” can paradoxically manifest growth. Conscious leaders thus become adaptive rather than reactive.
Outcomes and complications of osseointegrated hearing aids in irradiated temporal bones
Authors: Nader Marc‐Elie , Beadle Beth M. , Roberts Diana B. , Gidley Paul W. 
Published: September 2015

Objectives/HypothesisTo compare the complication rate for osseointegrated hearing aids (OIHA) in patients with or without irradiation.Study DesignRetrospective case review.MethodsWe studied patients with OIHAs implanted between January 1, 2005, and July 15, 2013 in a tertiary university center with a referral otology and neurotology practice. Demographics, history of oncologic surgery, follow‐up length after OIHA implantation, radiation history and dosage, postoperative complications, and chronologic relationship between oncologic resection, OIHA implantation, and irradiation were reviewed to collect information. Soft tissue complications were graded according to a modified Holgers classification.ResultsThe study included 48 patients. Twenty‐nine patients (32 implants) did not undergo radiotherapy and 19 patients (19 implants) did. In the radiotherapy group, six patients had OIHAs implanted before radiotherapy, and 13 had OIHAs implanted in irradiated bone. Of these 13 patients, one had OIHA implanted during primary oncologic surgery; 11 had OIHA implanted during secondary surgery; and one patient did not have oncologic surgery. Patients with both OIHA implantation and radiotherapy had more complications than patients without radiotherapy (31.6% vs. 24.1%, P > 0.05) and more major complications than patients without radiotherapy (26.3% vs. 3.4%, P > 0.05). Patients with OIHAs implanted before radiotherapy did not have any complications. There were significantly fewer and less severe complications in patients with OIHAs implanted during primary oncologic resection than in patients with OIHAs implanted secondarily (0/8 vs. 8/11, P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe rate and severity of complications of OIHAs can be minimized by implanting the device before irradiation, ideally at the time of primary oncologic surgery.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 126:1187–1192, 2016
Anatomic basis of the middle temporal artery periosteal rotational flap in otologic surgery
Authors: Talmage Garrick D. , Sunde Jumin , Walker David D. , Atlas Marcus D. , Gluth Michael B. 
Published: September 2015

Objectives/HypothesisTo describe the elements critical to successful middle temporal artery periosteal rotational flap harvest and utilization based on the anatomic features of the middle temporal artery.Study DesignDescription of anatomy based on cadaver dissection.MethodsSeventy temporal fossa dissections were performed on 35 adult human cadavers.ResultsSixty‐nine of 70 dissections had an identifiable middle temporal artery muscular branch pedicle in the periosteum deep to the temporalis muscle. Pedicle length was at least 7 cm in 32 of 38 (84%) male cadavers and in 20 of 31 (65%) female cadavers (P = 0.054), whereas the average length required to reach the digastric ridge from the pedicle base to the digastric ridge in a mastoidectomy cavity was 5.2 cm. The pedicle sharply transitions from a posterior to a posterior–superior course 0.93 cm superior (range: 0.5–1.9 cm) and 0.04 cm posterior (range: 1.4 cm posterior–0.7 cm anterior) to the spine of Henle. Branching occurred in 26 of 69 pedicles (38%), and 20 of 31 (65%) branches were oriented posteriorly. If temporalis muscle fibers are not incorporated into the flap, the thickness is roughly three times that of a standard temporalis fascia graft.ConclusionThe muscular branch of the middle temporal artery is reliably identified in the periosteum deep to the posterior aspect of the temporalis muscle, and this vessel is sufficiently robust to provide axial blood supply to a rotational periosteal flap that has sufficient thickness and length to allow a variety of applications in otologic surgery.Level of EvidenceNA. Laryngoscope, 126:1426–1432, 2016
Bronchogenic cancer: It still exists
Authors: Strassen Ulrich , Hofauer Benedikt , Matsuba Yumiko , Becker Karen , Mansour Naglaa , Knopf Andreas 
Published: September 2015

Objectives/HypothesisBranchial cleft cysts rank among the most common differential diagnoses of cystic cervical masses. Rarely, classic cystic structures exhibit a squamous cell carcinoma differentiation that represents a bronchogenic carcinoma. The existence of bronchogenic carcinoma is controversial due to the lack of systematic immunohistologic workup. The present study aimed to identify the clinical and immunohistologic features of bronchogenic carcinoma to clearly distinguish this entity from other cystic cervical masses.MethodsImmunohistologic (epidermal growth factor receptor; cytokeratin 5, 6, 7, 13; and p16) and epidemiologic assessments were performed for branchial cleft cysts (n = 63), bronchogenic carcinomas (n = 5), cystic metastasized oropharyngeal carcinomas (n = 97), and carcinomas of unknown primary (n = 51). The study was conducted as a retrospective case series study with comparison.ResultsThe patients with bronchogenic carcinomas differed significantly in age and in the number of involved lymph nodes compared with the cystic metastasized oropharyngeal carcinoma (and carcinoma of unknown primary) patients. Regular histologic wall structures were only observed in the bronchogenic carcinomas and branchial cleft cysts. Solitary cytokeratin‐7 staining was only observed in the bronchogenic carcinomas, and all of the bronchogenic carcinomas were p16 negative.ConclusionsThe existence of bronchogenic carcinoma seems to be plausible based on clinical findings. Cytokeratin‐7 and p16 staining might be helpful in the diagnostic workflow.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 126:638–642, 2016