bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Diet in Predicting: Iron Deficiency Anemia in HIV-Positive Women
Authors: Renouf Ladan Shahvarani , Sheps Samuel , Hubley Anita , Pick Neora , Johansen Diana , Tyndall Mark W. 
Published: August 2012

Purpose: The association between medical, social, and nutritional factors and iron deficiency anemia was examined in adult women who had tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and were living in the Greater Vancouver Area. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study of 102 HIV-positive women, aged 19 or older, who were patients of one of three chosen community health clinics in Vancouver, British Columbia. Information on usual dietary intake and other nutrition-related factors was collected with a short diet survey, while medical information and laboratory data were obtained from each participant’s medical chart. Results: Of the predictors studied, a CD4 cell count below 200 cells/µL, a regular menstrual pattern, and African ethnicity were associated with an increased risk of iron deficiency anemia. Dietary intake was not independently associated with iron status. Conclusions: Iron deficiency anemia in HIV-positive women has multifactorial and complicated causation, but is strongly associated with poorer immune status and greater menstrual losses. Health disparities in Aboriginal and African women may lead to a higher risk for iron deficiency anemia. Routine screening and ongoing nutrition education are necessary for the prevention and management of iron deficiency anemia. Further research into factors associated with iron deficiency anemia is essential to improve prevention and management efforts.
Humboldt revisité : esthétique du danger et histoire culturelle
Authors: Lassus Jean-Marie 
Published: August 2012

L’article décrit l’approche de Humboldt par Jaime Labastida, sa relecture des écrits du savant allemand et la réflexion qu’il mène sur sa réception et son image au Mexique et en Amérique latine depuis le XIXème siècle. Loin des récupérations nationalistes des pays qui se le sont appropriés, Humboldt apparaît ainsi davantage comme une figure universelle et moderne, témoignant d’une indépendance d’esprit par rapport aux politiques officielles. L’interprétation de Labastida montre aussi comment a évolué l’image de Humboldt, de l’explorateur courageux du XIXè siècle à l’homme de Sciences. Elle pose aussi une question très actuelle : celle de l’interpénétration des sciences et des cultures, autre volet de la dimension universelle du savant allemand et de la pensée de Jaime Labastida.
De l’exil à l’errance, la diversité des sujets migrants
Authors: Sauvaire Marion 
Published: August 2012

À partir de récits d’écrivains caribéens installés au Québec, l’article présente trois figures de migrants correspondant à différentes façons d’envisager l’expérience du déplacement: l’exil, la migrance et l’errance. L’ancrage territorial propre à l’exil est questionné par une forme plus introspective de « migrance », qui interroge autant les contradictions internes du pays d’accueil que la nostalgie du pays perdu. L’épreuve du retour désenchanté au pays natal creuse la distance entre le pays réel et le pays rêvé, cristallisé par la mémoire de la diaspora. En juxtaposant plusieurs espaces en un même lieu, la poétique de l’errance explore les interstices entre le pays réel et le pays rêvé, l’ici et l’ailleurs, le passé et le devenir. L’écrivain migrant crée un espace intermédiaire : le pays intérieur. Ce dernier est soustrait à la réalité des frontières territoriales et élargi vers des itinéraires transaméricains. L’errance refuse ainsi l’alternative entre l’assimilation à l’autre et l’enfermement dans une identité-racine. Les littératures migrantes illustrent comment se recomposent la subjectivité et la socialité contemporaines à partir de la diversité des appartenances, de la plasticité des frontières, et de l’hétérogénéité des postures énonciatives.
Migración y subjetividades de género : rechazo y performances de género en El camino a Ítaca de C. Liscano
Authors: Berlage Pauline 
Published: August 2012

Después de presentar muy brevemente la novela de Liscano, definiré el marco teórico en el que este análisis se inscribe, precisando lo que entiendo por “ performance de género ” y su relación con la norma. A través de esta noción, trataremos de entender las razones que explican la migración del personaje principal, Vladimir, un joven uruguayo que se exilia voluntariamente a Europa. Veremos así los distintos modelos de paternidad de los que quiere huir y su reacción frente a cada uno de ellos. Por una parte, Vladimir huye –geográficamente– del modelo de paternidad de sus padres ; pero por otra parte, una vez en Suecia, el inmigrante uruguayo se ve obligado a performar un papel que no consigue aceptar. Esta ambigüedad revela así una angustia existencial generacional agudizada por la migración ; Vladimir se niega a performar estos modelos aunque cabe subrayar que no rechaza el patriarcado tradicional heterosexual. Por lo tanto, para concluir, analizaremos la relación triangular que el joven inmigrante mantiene con las mujeres, un modelo de masculinidad que vuelve a aparecer casi de manera obsesiva a lo largo de su recorrido migratorio.
Condiciones de aceptabilidad del discurso de un migrante
Authors: Mozejko Danuta Teresa 
Published: August 2012

Podría afirmarse que los discursos de los sujetos migrantes son producidos en la tensión entre los condicionamientos en el espacio de origen y los propios del espacio de llegada. En el caso de Gombrowicz esa tensión se agrava ya que la Polonia de la que parte en 1939 desaparece a los pocos meses y se instala un nuevo punto de referencia alrededor de la intelligentsia polaca en el exilio. Entre esas diversas tramas de relaciones en las que participa el autor de Ferdydurke, se ubica el espacio argentino, una transición de 24 años en su trayectoria. ¿ Cómo pensar la legibilidad de un texto cuyos enunciatarios iniciales son tan distintos de los receptores argentinos ? Señalamos al menos tres conjuntos de razones que favorecerían la lectura de Ferdydurke en Argentina : 1. Las características de la obra. 2. La serie de gestos de Gombrowicz vinculables con la gestión de la competencia del agente. 3. Los intereses de los agentes que operan en recepción. Sin embargo, en el caso de Gombrowicz, estas “razones” no resultan suficientes para explicar su valoración en la Argentina y parece necesario sumarles argumentos del orden de lo pasional como movilizadores para la aceptación de su obra.
Identifier et intégrer les groupes non-anglophones dans la Nouvelle-Angleterre coloniale
Authors: Vasquez-Parra Adeline 
Published: August 2012

Cet article se concentre sur l’exil acadien dans les colonies de Nouvelle-Angleterre suite au Grand-Dérangement en 1755 et plus particulièrement sur leur arrivée dans la colonie du Massachusetts. Il fait ainsi état de la vision de la société puritaine sur ces premiers réfugiés politiques dans les treize colonies d’Amérique. Cet exode nous apporte-t-il une première approche de la perception des Anglo-américains concernant les migrants non-anglophones ? L’article interrogera les décisions qui ont reflété une plus large vision des rapports sociaux puisqu’elles étaient toutes en lien avec la prévention délinquante et l’hygiène telles qu’appliquées aux indigents. Il se penchera aussi sur l’intégration des Acadiens à la culture Anglo-protestante et surtout, la plupart des refugiés acadiens étant des familles, leur insertion dans les relations de travail et dans le plus vaste système économique alors en place dans le Massachusetts. Les Acadiens s’y sont-ils retrouvés ou ont-ils jeté un regard désapprobateur vis à vis de leur accueil ?
Migraciones y territorios literarios
Authors: Torres Perdigón Andrea 
Published: August 2012

Dans ce texte, on analyse le sujet de la migration chez Roberto Bolaño, particulièrement dans son roman 2666. Pour ce faire, on montrera d’abord la relation entre la théorie postcoloniale et le concept de migration, et ensuite quelle est la conception du « migratoire » héritée par les études hispano-américaines. Plus tard, on fera allusion au rapport de Bolaño, en tant qu’auteur, avec le concept de migration, pour proposer ensuite une lecture de la structure de 2666 en tant qu’exploration d’un territoire littéraire particulier. Pour conclure, on décrira les liens entre ce territoire et le projet romantique d’une littérature universelle, en montrant la réinvention de ce projet par la poétique de Bolaño, d’un point de vue contemporain.
Viaje y escritura en Tierras de la memoria de Felisberto Hernández
Authors: Blixen Carina 
Published: August 2012

Ce travail cherche à faire émerger deux aspects de l’oeuvre de Felisberto Hernández à travers la métaphore du voyage. D’une part, l’unité perçue à travers la transformation et d’autre part l’importance de la crise des années quarante, suite à laquelle surgit un nouveau projet d’écriture « lente ». Le narrateur descend du « taxi » pour prendre le « train » ou le « tramway ».
Adiponectin Regulates Cutaneous Wound Healing by Promoting Keratinocyte Proliferation and Migration via the ERK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Shibata Sayaka , Tada Yayoi , Asano Yoshihide , Hau Carren S. , Kato Toyoaki , Saeki Hidehisa , Yamauchi Toshimasa , Kubota Naoto , Kadowaki Takashi , Sato Shinichi 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Diabetic patients are at high risk of developing delayed cutaneous wound healing. Adiponectin plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and is considered to be involved in various pathological conditions associated with diabetes; however, its role in wound repair is unknown. In this study, we elucidated the involvement of adiponectin in cutaneous wound healing in vitro and in vivo. Normal human keratinocytes expressed adiponectin receptors, and adiponectin enhanced proliferation and migration of keratinocytes in vitro. This proliferative and migratory effect of adiponectin was mediated via AdipoR1/AdipoR2 and the ERK signaling pathway. Consistent with in vitro results, wound closure was significantly delayed in adiponectin-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice, and more importantly, keratinocyte proliferation and migration during wound repair were also impaired in adiponectin-deficient mice. Furthermore, both systemic and topical administration of adiponectin ameliorated impaired wound healing in adiponectin-deficient and diabetic db/db mice, respectively. Collectively, these results indicate that adiponectin is a potent mediator in the regulation of cutaneous wound healing. We propose that upregulation of systemic and/or local adiponectin levels is a potential and very promising therapeutic approach for dealing with diabetic wounds.
Immune Surveillance Properties of Human NK Cell-Derived Exosomes
Authors: Lugini Luana , Cecchetti Serena , Huber Veronica , Luciani Francesca , Macchia Gianfranco , Spadaro Francesca , Paris Luisa , Abalsamo Laura , Colone Marisa , Molinari Agnese , Podo Franca , Rivoltini Licia , Ramoni Carlo , Fais Stefano 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Exosomes are nanovesicles released by normal and tumor cells, which are detectable in cell culture supernatant and human biological fluids, such as plasma. Functions of exosomes released by “normal” cells are not well understood. In fact, several studies have been carried out on exosomes derived from hematopoietic cells, but very little is known about NK cell exosomes, despite the importance of these cells in innate and adaptive immunity. In this paper, we report that resting and activated NK cells, freshly isolated from blood of healthy donors, release exosomes expressing typical protein markers of NK cells and containing killer proteins (i.e., Fas ligand and perforin molecules). These nanovesicles display cytotoxic activity against several tumor cell lines and activated, but not resting, immune cells. We also show that NK-derived exosomes undergo uptake by tumor target cells but not by resting PBMC. Exosomes purified from plasma of healthy donors express NK cell markers, including CD56+ and perforin, and exert cytotoxic activity against different human tumor target cells and activated immune cells as well. The results of this study propose an important role of NK cell-derived exosomes in immune surveillance and homeostasis. Moreover, this study supports the use of exosomes as an almost perfect example of biomimetic nanovesicles possibly useful in future therapeutic approaches against various diseases, including tumors.
Tc17 CD8+ T Cells Potentiate Th1-Mediated Autoimmune Diabetes in a Mouse Model
Authors: Saxena Amit , Desbois Sabine , Carrié Nadège , Lawand Myriam , Mars Lennart T. , Liblau Roland S. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
An increase in IL-17–producing CD8+ T (Tc17) cells has been reported in the peripheral blood of children with recent onset type 1 diabetes (T1D), but their contribution to disease pathogenesis is still unknown. To directly study the pathogenic potential of β cell-specific Tc17 cells, we used an experimental model of T1D based on the expression of the neo-self Ag hemagglutinin (HA) in the β cells of the pancreas. When transferred alone, the IL-17–producing HA-specific CD8+ T cells homed to the pancreatic lymph nodes without causing any pancreatic infiltration or tissue destruction. When transferred together with small numbers of diabetogenic HA-specific CD4+ T cells, a strikingly different phenotype developed. Under these conditions, Tc17 cells sustained disease progression, driving the destruction of β-islet cells, causing hyperglycemia and ultimately death. Disease progression did not correlate with functional or numerical alterations among the HA-specific CD4+ T cells. Rather, the transferred CD8+ T cells accumulated in the pancreatic islets and a considerable fraction converted, under the control of IL-12, to an IFN-γ–producing phenotype. Our data indicate that Tc17 cells are not diabetogenic but can potentiate a Th1-mediated disease. Plasticity of the Tc17 lineage is associated with transition to overt disease in this experimental model of T1D.
Trefoil Factor 2 Negatively Regulates Type 1 Immunity against Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: McBerry Cortez , Egan Charlotte E. , Rani Reena , Yang Yanfen , Wu David , Boespflug Nicholas , Boon Louis , Butcher Barbara , Mirpuri Julie , Hogan Simon P. , Denkers Eric Y. , Aliberti Julio , Herbert De’Broski R. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
IL-12–mediated type 1 inflammation confers host protection against the parasitic protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. However, production of IFN-γ, another type 1 inflammatory cytokine, also drives lethality from excessive injury to the intestinal epithelium. As mechanisms that restore epithelial barrier function following infection remain poorly understood, this study investigated the role of trefoil factor 2 (TFF2), a well-established regulator of mucosal tissue repair. Paradoxically, TFF2 antagonized IL-12 release from dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, which protected TFF2-deficient (TFF2−/−) mice from T. gondii pathogenesis. Dysregulated intestinal homeostasis in naive TFF2−/− mice correlated with increased IL-12/23p40 levels and enhanced T cell recruitment at baseline. Infected TFF2−/− mice displayed low rates of parasite replication and reduced gut immunopathology, whereas wild-type (WT) mice experienced disseminated infection and lethal ileitis. p38 MAPK activation and IL-12p70 production was more robust from TFF2−/−CD8+ DC compared with WT CD8+ DC and treatment of WT DC with rTFF2 suppressed TLR-induced IL-12/23p40 production. Neutralization of IFN-γ and IL-12 in TFF2−/− animals abrogated resistance shown by enhanced parasite replication and infection-induced morbidity. Hence, TFF2 regulated intestinal barrier function and type 1 cytokine release from myeloid phagocytes, which dictated the outcome of oral T. gondii infection in mice.
TIPE2 Controls Innate Immunity to RNA by Targeting the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase–Rac Pathway
Authors: Sun Honghong , Zhuang Guohong , Chai Lihui , Wang Zhaojun , Johnson Derek , Ma Yuanfang , Chen Youhai H. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
RNA receptors such as TLR3 and retinoid acid-inducible gene I/melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 play essential roles in innate immunity to RNA viruses. However, how innate immunity to RNAs is controlled at the molecular level is not well understood. We describe in this study a new regulatory pathway of anti-RNA immunity that is composed of PI3K, its target GTPase Rac, and the newly described immune regulator TNF-α–induced protein 8 like-2 (TIPE2, or TNFAIP8L2). Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [Poly (I:C)], a dsRNA receptor ligand, activates Rac via its guanine nucleotide exchange factor Tiam; this leads to the activation of cytokine genes and, paradoxically, downregulation of the Tipe2 gene. TIPE2 is a negative regulator of immunity; its deficiency leads to hyperactivation of the PI3K–Rac pathway as exemplified by enhanced AKT, Rac, P21-activated kinase, and IFN regulatory factor 3 activities. As a consequence, TIPE2 knockout myeloid cells are hyperreactive to Poly (I:C) stimulation, and TIPE2 knockout mice are hypersensitive to Poly (I:C)-induced lethality. These results indicate that TIPE2 controls innate immunity to RNA by targeting the PI3K–Rac pathway. Therefore, manipulating TIPE2 or Rac functions can be effective for controlling RNA viral infections.
CD5-Dependent CK2 Activation Pathway Regulates Threshold for T Cell Anergy
Authors: Sestero Christine M. , McGuire Donald J. , De Sarno Patrizia , Brantley Emily C. , Soldevila Gloria , Axtell Robert C. , Raman Chander 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
CD5 activates casein kinase 2 (CK2), a serine/threonine kinase that constitutively associates with the CK2-binding domain at the end of its cytoplasmic tail. To determine the physiological significance of CD5-dependent CK2 activation in T cells, we generated a knock-in mouse that expresses a CD5 protein containing a microdeletion with selective inability to interact with CK2 (CD5ΔCK2BD). The levels of CD5 on developing and mature T cell populations from CD5ΔCK2BD mice and CD5 wild-type (WT) mice were similar. The thymus of CD5ΔCK2BD mice contained fewer double-positive thymocytes than did that of both CD5WT and CD5 knockout (KO) mice, although the numbers of all other immature and mature T cell populations were unaltered. CD5ΔCK2BD T cells hypoproliferated and exhibited enhanced activation-induced cell death when stimulated with anti-CD3 or cognate peptide in comparison with CD5WT T cells. We also found that functional CD5-dependent CK2 signaling was necessary for efficient differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into Th2 and Th17 cells, but not Th1 cells. We previously showed that experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in CD5KO mice was less severe and delayed in onset than in CD5WT mice. Remarkably, CD5ΔCK2BD mice recapitulated both EAE severity and disease onset of CD5KO mice. Increasing the immunization dose of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35–55 peptide, a model that mimics high-dose tolerance, led to decreased severity of EAE in CD5WT mice but not in CD5KO or CD5ΔCK2BD mice. This property was recapitulated in in vitro restimulation assays. These results demonstrate that CD5–CK2 signaling sets the threshold for T cell responsiveness and is necessary for efficient generation of Th2 and Th17 cells.
Inhibition of JAKs in Macrophages Increases Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cytokine Production by Blocking IL-10–Mediated Feedback
Authors: Pattison Michael J. , MacKenzie Kirsty F. , Arthur J. Simon C. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Macrophages are an important source of cytokines following infection. Stimulation of macrophages with TLR agonists results in the secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-12, and the production of these cytokines is controlled by multiple feedback pathways. Macrophages also produce IL-10, which acts to inhibit proinflammatory cytokine production by macrophages via a JAK/STAT3-dependent pathway. We show in this paper that, Ruxolitinib, a recently described selective inhibitor of JAKs, increases TNF, IL-6, and IL-12 secretion in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages stimulated with LPS. This effect is largely due to its ability to block IL-10–mediated feedback inhibition on cytokine transcription in macrophages. Similar results were also obtained with a second structurally unrelated Jak inhibitor, Tofacitinib. In addition, LPS induced the production of IFN-β, which was then able to activate JAKs in macrophages, resulting in the stimulation of STAT1 phosphorylation. The initial induction of IL-10 was independent of JAK signaling; however, inhibition of JAKs did reduce IL-10 secretion at later time points. This reflected a requirement for the IFN-β feedback loop to sustain IL-10 transcription following LPS stimulation. In addition to IL-10, IFN-β also helped sustain IL-6 and IL-12 transcription. Overall, these results suggest that inhibition of JAKs may increase the inflammatory potential of macrophages stimulated with TLR4 agonists.
Molecular and Immunological Characterization of Tri a 36, a Low Molecular Weight Glutenin, as a Novel Major Wheat Food Allergen
Authors: Baar Alexandra , Pahr Sandra , Constantin Claudia , Scheiblhofer Sandra , Thalhamer Josef , Giavi Stavroula , Papadopoulos Nikolaos G. , Ebner Christof , Mari Adriano , Vrtala Susanne , Valenta Rudolf 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Wheat is an essential element in our nutrition but one of the most important food allergen sources. Wheat allergic patients often suffer from severe gastrointestinal and systemic allergic reactions after wheat ingestion. In this study, we report the molecular and immunological characterization of a new major wheat food allergen, Tri a 36. The cDNA coding for a C-terminal fragment of Tri a 36 was isolated by screening a wheat seed cDNA expression library with serum IgE from wheat food-allergic patients. Tri a 36 is a 369-aa protein with a hydrophobic 25-aa N-terminal leader peptide. According to sequence comparison it belongs to the low m.w. glutenin subunits, which can be found in a variety of cereals. The mature allergen contains an N-terminal domain, a repetitive domain that is rich in glutamine and proline residues, and three C-terminal domains with eight cysteine residues contributing to intra- and intermolecular disulfide bonds. Recombinant Tri a 36 was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified as soluble protein. It reacted with IgE Abs of ∼80% of wheat food-allergic patients, showed IgE cross-reactivity with related allergens in rye, barley, oat, spelt, and rice, and induced specific and dose-dependent basophil activation. Even after extensive in vitro gastric and duodenal digestion, Tri a 36 released distinct IgE-reactive fragments and was highly resistant against boiling. Thus, recombinant Tri a 36 is a major wheat food allergen that can be used for the molecular diagnosis of, and for the development of specific immunotherapy strategies against, wheat food allergy.