bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of cultural and personal values in authentication of tourist attractions: A quantitative investigation
Authors: Stepchenkova Svetlana , Dai Xiangyi , Guerrero‐Rodriguez Rafael , Belyaeva Veronika , Kim Minseong , Park Hyejin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the role of personal and cultural values in the authentication of tourist attractions. An attitudinal value that an individual ascribes to attractions being genuine (indexically authentic) versus being staged (iconically authentic) is operationalized as primarily realist, constructivist, and postmodernist. Two dimensions of the Inglehart‐Welzel Cultural Map represent cultural values: secular‐traditional and self‐expression‐survival. We compared authentication outcomes of two indexical and two iconic attractions in five cultural contexts: China, Mexico, Russia, South Korea, and the U.S. Authenticity orientation affects authentication outcomes, especially in the context of recreated attractions. The effect of culture goes beyond the influence of demographics, familiarity, and personal attitudes toward authenticity. Tourists from cultures that are higher on self‐expression are more likely to accept staged attractions as authentic and express a higher propensity to visit. The relationship between personal values toward authenticity and authentication outcomes demonstrated cultural invariance in several national contexts.
The role of tourism in driving economic growth: An asymmetric augmented autoregressive distributed lag analysis of Singapore's experience
Authors: Karimi Mohammad Sharif , Karamelikli Huseyin , Naysary Babak 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTourism has long been recognized as a potential force for economic growth in various parts of the globe. This study revisits this causal relationship to demonstrate the consequences of long‐run and short‐run effects between tourism development and economic growth in the context of Singapore for the period 1983:1 to 2020:4. We employ an augmented autoregressive distributed lag (AARDL) to prevent degenerative results and ensure the robustness of findings. We also control for variables such as foreign direct investment, net export, gross fixed capital formation, labor, and government expenditure. The overall empirical results provide support for the positive implications of tourism development for economic growth in Singapore in the long run, and its elasticity is 0.14 in increasing and 0.08 in decreasing. This implies that tourism can be one of the important factors for Singapore's economic growth in the long run, but in the short run, the impact is either negative or insignificant. This study provides important policy implications and recommendations.
Negative emotions of industrial heritage tourists
Authors: Zhang Yinan , Shi Peihua , Liang Yanlu , Wang Liqin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIndustrial heritage is a high‐quality tourism resource with distinctive landscapes, technological value, and regeneration potential, distinguishing it from other tourism resources. However, we note that industrial heritage itself has some negative attributes that cannot be ignored, such as environmental pollution, ecological damage, resource depletion, decay scenes, and historical attributes. We chose to focus on tourists' negative emotions and investigated whether these negative attributes trigger tourists' negative emotions through in‐depth interviews, a literature review, and questionnaire surveys. The results reveal that tourists experience negative emotions in response to the negative attributes of industrial heritage; tourists' strongest emotions were irritable, afraid and hostile; negative emotions experienced by tourists were related to their gender, age, occupation, and even the type of sites, and showed significant differences among different groups. We discuss the reasons for these results and propose several suggestions for management.
Presence of oxygen in diffusive equilibrium in thin films (DET) probes: Effect on phosphate and iron porewater profiles and advice for correct deoxygenation and handling procedures
Authors: Klamt Anna‐Marie , Kragh Theis , Glud Ronnie N. , Wagner Cecilie M. , Reitzel Kasper 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDiffusive equilibrium in thin films (DET) probes are passive samplers that are designed to reflect in situ porewater concentrations. In this study, we show that the gel and the plastic housing of DET probes store a substantial amount of oxygen (O2) that affects the chemical composition of porewater. To ensure complete deoxygenation, DET probes need to be treated for 7 d with continuous nitrogen flow. Such fully deoxygenated probes can be handled in the air (exposure time: < 90 s) and deployed to sediments through oxic water (exposure time: < 2 s) without significant ad(b)sorption of O2. Furthermore, we deployed a set of untreated (i.e., in equilibrium with atmospheric O2) and a set of fully deoxygenated DET probes to lake sediments. The O2 present in untreated DET probes altered iron (Fe) and phosphate (P) porewater profiles significantly. This is caused by the oxidation, immobilization, and accumulation of redox‐sensitive Fe (oxyhydr)oxides in the probe over time. Since P has a high binding affinity to Fe (oxyhydr)oxides, it is not in equilibrium with the porewater and is overestimated as well. Our results highlight the importance of thorough deoxygenation of DET probes before deployment in sediments, especially when addressing redox‐sensitive porewater species.
Silicon Nitride Integrated Photonics from Visible to Mid‐Infrared Spectra
Authors: Buzaverov Kirill A. , Baburin Aleksandr S. , Sergeev Evgeny V. , Avdeev Sergey S. , Lotkov Evgeniy S. , Bukatin Sergey V. , Stepanov Ilya A. , Kramarenko Aleksey B. , Amiraslanov Ali Sh. , Kushnev Danil V. , Ryzhikov Ilya A. , Rodionov Ilya A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSilicon nitride (Si3N4) photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are of great interest due to their extremely low propagation loss and higher integration capabilities. The number of applications based on the silicon nitride integrated photonics platform continues to grow, including the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), light detection and ranging (LiDAR), hybrid neuromorphic and quantum computing. It's potential for CMOS compatibility, as well as advances in heterogeneous integration with silicon‐on‐insulator, indium phosphate, and lithium niobate on insulator platforms, are leading to an advanced hybrid large‐scale PICs. Here, they review key trends in Si3N4 photonic integrated circuit technology and fill an information gap in the field of state‐of‐the‐art devices operating from the visible to the mid‐infrared spectrum. A comprehensive overview of its microfabrication process details (deposition, lithography, etching, etc.) is introduced. Finally, the limitations and challenges of silicon nitride photonics performance are pointed out in an ultra‐wideband, providing routes and prospects for its future scaling and optimization.
Efficient application of deep learning‐based elective lymph node regions delineation for pelvic malignancies
Authors: Wen Feng , Zhou Jie , Chen Zhebin , Dou Meng , Yao Yu , Wang Xin , Xu Feng , Shen Yali 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhile there are established international consensuses on the delineation of pelvic lymph node regions (LNRs), significant inter‐ and intra‐observer variabilities persist. Contouring these clinical target volumes for irradiation in pelvic malignancies is both time‐consuming and labor‐intensive.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to develop a deep learning model of pelvic LNRs delineation for patients with pelvic cancers.MethodsPlanning computed tomography (CT) studies of 160 patients with pelvic primary malignancies (including rectal, prostate, and cervical cancer) were retrospectively collected and divided into training set (n = 120) and testing set (n = 40). Six pelvic LNRs, including abdominal presacral, pelvic presacral, internal iliac nodes, external iliac nodes, obturator nodes, and inguinal nodes were delineated by two radiation oncologists as ground truth (Gt) contours. The cascaded multi‐heads U‐net (CMU‐net) was constructed based on the Gt contours from training cohort, which was subsequently verified in the testing cohort. The automatic delineation of six LNRs (Auto) was evaluated using dice similarity coefficient (DSC), average surface distance (ASD), 95th percentile Hausdorff distance (HD95), and a 7‐point scale score.ResultsIn the testing set, the DSC of six pelvic LNRs by CMU‐net model varied from 0.851 to 0.942, ASD from 0.381 to 1.037 mm, and HD95 from 2.025 to 3.697 mm. No significant differences were founded in these three parameters between postoperative and preoperative cases. 95.9% and 96.2% of auto delineations by CMU‐net model got a score of 1–3 by two expert radiation oncologists, respectively, meaning only minor edits needed.ConclusionsThe CMU‐net was successfully developed for automated delineation of pelvic LNRs for pelvic malignancies radiotherapy with improved contouring efficiency and highly consistent, which might justify its implementation in radiotherapy work flow.
Patient Experience of Stiffness With Knee Osteoarthritis: An Interpretative Description Study
Authors: Reischl S. , Ziebart C. , Johnston Z. , Ma J. , Pham D. , Salloum J. F. , Sithganesan M. , Wikkerink S. , Munro K. , MacDermid J. C. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionKnee OA (KOA) can lead to pain, loss of muscle strength, and changes in gait. Knee stiffness is a classic feature of KOA that can increase the risk of falls but has been understudied.ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of knee stiffness, the factors influencing the severity of stiffness, and the repercussions on participation for patients with KOA.MethodsThis qualitative study used an interpretive description approach. Purposeful sampling was used for patients with KOA over 45 years of age, fluent in English, diagnosed with KOA and reported KOA stiffness within the last 6 months. Participants were recruited through social media and Ontario clinics. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted over the phone or using zoom, recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Open, axial, and selective coding were used to identify clinically relevant themes.ResultsTwelve participants (5F, 7M) with a mean age of 60 years were included. The five themes identified include elusive and variable perceptions of joint stiffness, inactivity or too much activity exacerbates stiffness, adapting to the ebb and flow of symptoms, risk experiences and safety fears leads to reduced participation, and KOA stiffness impairs quality of life.ConclusionThis study highlights characteristics of knee stiffness, consequences on participation, and quality of life for people with KOA. Monitoring knee stiffness for KOA is recommended for more appropriate treatment intensity, which could improve adherence to a home programme and potentially reduce the risk of falls.
Critical Posthumanist Literacy: Building Theory for Reading, Writing, and Living Ethically with Everyday Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Burriss Sarah K. , Leander Kevin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLiteracy has become inextricably bound with machine processes, especially in the age of ubiquitous, consequential artificial intelligence (AI). Despite a relatively long history of AI involvement in our everyday reading and writing practices, the public availability of generative AI tools has set off a wave of heated debate—and concern—about AI's role in our lives. We argue that critical literacy theory and tools can serve as a foundation, when combined with posthumanist ideas and some technical knowledge, for understanding, teaching, and participating in our AI‐infused world. In this paper, we outline our theory of critical posthumanist literacy, which draws on posthumanist scholarship to re‐imagine critical literacy with respect to concepts of ontology, agency, ethics and justice, and pedagogy. For each concept, we build on humanist, critical perspectives to show how posthumanist scholarship can help theorize for literacy in the age of AI, especially as AI presents both lingering and new challenges to conceptions of human text production and consumption. Posthumanism provides us with alternative modes of thinking about the nature of “things” (and ourselves); with an understanding of agency as not a human possession but an accomplishment among/within many human and non‐human actors; with an expanded ethics that accounts more deeply for non‐humans; and with pedagogy that embraces ambiguity, movement, and speculation. Using these ideas to expand critical literacy practices, we offer concepts and questions for guiding literacy practice and research, with the understanding that these are no longer separable from complex computational systems.
Cover and hitting times of hyperbolic random graphs
Authors: Kiwi Marcos , Schepers Markus , Sylvester John 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe study random walks on the giant component of Hyperbolic Random Graphs (HRGs), in the regime when the degree distribution obeys a power law with exponent in the range . In particular, we first focus on the expected time for a random walk to hit a given vertex or visit, that is, cover, all vertices. We show that, a.a.s. (with respect to the HRG), and up to multiplicative constants: the cover time is , the maximum hitting time is , and the average hitting time is . We then determine the expected time to commute between two given vertices a.a.s., up to a small factor polylogarithmic in , and under some mild hypothesis on the pair of vertices involved. Our results are proved by controlling effective resistances using the energy dissipated by carefully designed network flows associated to a tiling of the hyperbolic plane, on which we overlay a forest‐like structure.
An AIoT‐driven smart healthcare framework for zoonoses detection in integrated fog‐cloud computing environments
Authors: Verma Prabal , Gupta Aditya , Jain Vibha , Shashvat Kumar , Kumar Mohit , Gill Sukhpal Singh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe escalating threat of easily transmitted diseases poses a huge challenge to government institutions and health systems worldwide. Advancements in information and communication technology offer a promising approach to effectively controlling infectious diseases. This article introduces a comprehensive framework for predicting and preventing zoonotic virus infections by leveraging the capabilities of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things. The proposed framework employs IoT‐enabled smart devices for data acquisition and applies a fog‐enabled model for user authentication at the fog layer. Further, the user classification is performed using the proposed ensemble model, with cloud computing enabling efficient information analysis and sharing. The novel aspect of the proposed system involves utilizing the temporal graph matrix method to illustrate dependencies among users infected with the zoonotic flu and provide a nuanced understanding of user interactions. The implemented system demonstrates a classification accuracy of around 91% for around 5000 instances and reliability of around 93%. The presented framework not only aids uninfected citizens in avoiding regional exposure but also empowers government agencies to address the problem more effectively. Moreover, temporal mining results also reveal the efficacy of the proposed system in dealing with zoonotic cases.
Learning to evaluate sources of science (mis)information on the internet: Assessing students' scientific online reasoning
Authors: Pimentel Daniel R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStudents frequently turn to the internet for information about a range of scientific issues. However, they can find it challenging to evaluate the credibility of the information they find, which may increase their susceptibility to mis‐ and disinformation. This exploratory study reports findings from an instructional intervention designed to teach high school students to engage in scientific online reasoning (SOR), a set of competencies for evaluating sources of scientific information on the internet. Forty‐three ninth grade students participated in eleven instructional activities. They completed pre and post constructed response tasks designed to assess three constructs: evaluating conflicts of interest, relevant scientific expertise, and alignment with scientific consensus. A subset of students (n = 6) also completed pre and post think‐aloud tasks where they evaluated websites of varying credibility. Students' written responses and screen‐capture recordings were scored, coded, and analyzed using a mixed‐methods approach. Findings from the study demonstrate that after the intervention: (1) students' assessment scores improved significantly on all three tasks, (2) students improved in their ability to distinguish between sources of online scientific information of varying credibility, and (3) more students used online reasoning strategies and outside sources of information. Areas for student growth are also identified, such as improving coordinated use of credibility criteria with online reasoning strategies. These results suggest that teaching criteria for the credibility of scientific information, along with online reasoning strategies, has the potential to help students evaluate scientific information encountered on the internet.
Efficient and Powerful Integration of Targeted Metabolomics and Transcriptomics for Analyzing the Metabolism Behind Desirable Traits in Plants
Authors: Johnston Christopher R. , Arias Cintia L. , Alonso Ana Paula 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThrough current mass spectrometry methods and multiple RNA-Seq technologies, large metabolomics and transcriptomics datasets are readily obtainable, which provide a powerful and global perspective on metabolism. Indeed, one “omics” method is often not enough to draw strong conclusions about metabolism. Combining and interpreting multiple “omics” datasets remains a challenging task that requires careful statistical considerations and pre-planning. Here we describe a protocol for obtaining high-quality metabolomics and transcriptomics datasets in developing plant embryos followed by a robust approach to integration of the two. This protocol is readily adjustable and scalable to any other metabolically active organ or tissue.
How Are Gene Editing Technologies Regulated in the Agrifood System?
Authors: Clark Lisa F. , Hobbs Jill E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines current governance and regulatory frameworks for gene edited agrifoods. We outline the role of international organizations, particularly the OECD, in facilitating the development of national-level policies toward gene editing. We detail the risk assessment regimes of countries with regulatory frameworks for biotechnologies, providing a summary of the current state of gene editing regulations in these countries. Our analysis places national-level regulatory frameworks into five categories: light regulation, strongly regulated and prohibited, proposed regulation, modified process, and no regulation. We describe how governing gene edited agrifoods requires balancing innovation with considerations of risk and benefits to the economy, society, and the environment. Finally, we discuss the Canadian case in greater detail to illustrate how deliberative governance has been employed in the regulation of gene edited agricultural plants.
Novel Genomic Techniques and Applications on the Horizon
Authors: Clark Lisa F. , Hobbs Jill E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis chapter discusses new breeding techniques (NBTs) and their applications for plants in the agrifood system. We discuss how NBTs can enable other technologies and platforms, then explore new classes of gene editing products in the pipeline. We discuss the pros and cons of gene drive technology. We examine what effect new applications of NBTs may have on the agrifood system, including the potential for future applications of gene editing technology to address pressing issues related to climate change and sustainability. Applications to orphan crops and re-wilding are highlighted. Finally, we explore emerging agrifood applications of gene editing platforms beyond CRISPR-Cas9, including MAD7, base editing, prime editing, and RNAi technologies.
Governing the Unknown: Regulating Future Technologies
Authors: Clark Lisa F. , Hobbs Jill E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines how governance structures and regulatory frameworks can respond to emergent new breeding techniques. We discuss how the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety and the Precautionary Principle continue to shape regulatory systems. Recent developments in the EU’s approach to regulating future biotechnologies are examined. The complex patent, licensing, and freedom to operate landscape for CRISPR and other gene editing technologies is explored. Looking ahead, we argue that using deliberative elements of governance helps stakeholders better identify opportunities and respond to future, unknown technologies that may offer benefits to the challenges facing agricultural food production in the twenty-first century.
Regel als Folter: Gefängnisalltag und die Rolle der guards
Authors: Breger Max 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel behandelt den Gefängnisalltag in Guantánamo mit seinen strikten Regeln als Teil der Folter und diskutiert die besondere Rolle der guards. Dabei führe ich die These der Dezentralität der Foltergewalt weiter. Denn wie die raumzeitlichen Übergänge im vorangegangenen Kapitel war auch der Alltag außerhalb der Verhöre in den – vor allem militärisch-kontrollierten – Folterorten elementarer Bestandteil der Foltererfahrungen der Gefangenen. Der hierarchisch niedrigen Akteursgruppe der guards kommt dabei deshalb eine große Bedeutung zu, weil sie alltäglich mit den Gefangenen interagierte und als die primäre Vermittlerin der organisationalen Interessen auftrat. Nicht nur hielt sie durch Bewachung der Insassen und Nahrungsvergabe die Gefangenschaft aufrecht. Sie beteiligte sich auch unmittelbar an der Folter, indem sie ein konditionierendes Privilegiensystem durchsetzte und Strafgewalt ausführte.
Gefolterte zwischen Ohnmacht und Widerständigkeit
Authors: Breger Max 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel diskutiert die massiv eingeschränkte und ambivalente Handlungsfähigkeit von Gefolterten. Phänomenologisch-theoretische Auseinandersetzungen mit Folter skizzieren in Anschluss an Jean Amery und Elaine Scarry für gewöhnlich eine maximale Machtdifferenz, die dem Opfer keine agency mehr lässt. Bei genauerer Betrachtung erfahren sich Gefolterte ihres Ausgeliefertseins zum Trotz durchaus als handelnd und teils sogar widerständig. Denn zum einen adressiert die Folter sie, beispielsweise bei instrumenteller Machtausübung über Konditionierungslogik, als handlungsfähige Subjekte. Zum anderen können Gefolterte auch eigenständige agency entwickeln, also solche, die nicht von den Folternden intendiert (oder ‚gesteuert‘) wurde wie kollektive Hungerstreiks oder religiöse Handlungen.
Methodisches Vorgehen I: Theoretische Zugänge
Authors: Breger Max 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungLeiblicher Schmerz ist nicht direkt kommunizierbar. Daher stellt sich die Frage, wie er und andere leibliche Erfahrungen in sozialwissenschaftlicher Erforschung von Folter beschreibbar gemacht und in empirische Analysen einbezogen werden können. Dieses Problem wird noch dadurch verstärkt, dass der Zugang zu Folter nur indirekt ist. Zum anderen stellt sich die forschungsethische Frage, wie mit einem solch sensiblen Thema umgegangen werden sollte, insbesondere, wenn man empirisch auf Foltersituationen schauen möchte und nicht nur auf legitimierende Diskurse. In diesem Kapitel lege ich dar, wie ich diesen Problemen begegnet bin, und stelle meinen methodischen Zugang im Stil der Grounded Theory und Situationsanalyse vor.