bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paracetamol sensing with a flexible graphene paper electrode modified with MnCo2O4
Authors: Shafiyev Murad , Erçarıkcı Elif , Dağcı Kıranşan Kader , Topçu Ezgi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe design of new‐generation flexible sensors for medical applications has gained considerable interest in the research community in recent past years. Herein, a free‐standing flexible electrode was developed for the electrochemical determination of Paracetamol (PC). This graphene‐based paper electrode was prepared using graphene and MnCo2O4 dispersion with a mold‐casting method followed by chemical reduction. The morphology and structure of our flexible paper electrode (MnCo2O4/GP) were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron, and Raman spectroscopy.RESULTSThe as‐prepared flexible MnCo2O4/GP showed outstanding sensing performance for PC, as compared to GP, due to the excellent electrochemical properties of MnCo2O4. The proposed sensor exhibited a wide linear range of 4.64–1000 μM for electrochemical determination of PC with a low detection limit of 1.39 μM. Furthermore, MnCo2O4/GP was successfully applied for PC syrup and tablets with good accuracy results.CONCLUSIONSFor the first time, the present study demonstrated the fabrication and utilization of MnCo2O4‐modified graphene paper to develop a flexible and sensitive electrode for monitoring PC. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Repair of bucket handle meniscus tears improves patient outcomes versus partial meniscectomy at the time of ACL reconstruction
Authors: Perraut Gregory T. , Cherelstein Rachel E. , Galel Alexandra M. , Keeling Laura E. , Kuenze Christopher M. , Curley Andrew J. , Wang David X. , Malekzadeh Kaitlin A. , Chang Edward S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to examine demographic and surgical factors that influence patient‐reported knee function in patients who undergo anterior crucial ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with concurrent bucket‐handle meniscal tear (BHMT) procedures. We hypothesized that repair of BHMT in the setting of concomitant ACLR and shorter time from injury to surgery would lead to improved patient‐reported outcomes.MethodsForty‐one patients (mean age: 28.0 ± 9.8 years, 72% male) with BHMT at the time of ACLR completed the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form (IKDC‐SKF) via online survey at an average of 15.2 months postop. Patient demographics and surgical characteristics, including time from injury to surgery, were compared between repair (n = 22) and meniscectomy (n = 19) groups using one‐way analysis of variances; distributions of sex, graft source, BHMT compartment and zone were compared between groups using χ2 tests. The association between IKDC‐SKF score, demographics and surgical characteristics was evaluated using multivariable linear regression. A priori alpha level was p < 0.05.ResultsMeniscal repair and meniscectomy groups differed based on graft source and BHMT zone but not IKDC‐SKF score (p = 0.085). Patients undergoing ACLR with autograft (p = 0.003) and with red–red zone BHMT (p < 0.001) more often underwent meniscal repair. The regression model demonstrated longer time from injury to surgery (p = 0.049), red–red tear zone (p = 0.04) and meniscectomy (p = 0.008); these were predictive of poorer IKDC‐SKF scores.ConclusionBHMT repair was more likely performed in ACL autograft and on red–red zone tears. Longer time from injury to surgery is an indicator of poorer IKDC‐SKF score, as this may increase the risk of concomitant pathologies. White–white zone BHMTs are associated with better IKDC‐SKF scores than red–red zone BHMTs, which may be due to the smaller volume of tissue removed during meniscectomy of white–white zone tears and the avoidance of iatrogenic complications of meniscal repair.Level of EvidenceLevel III, therapeutic study.
Spanish language opportunities in genetic counseling training programs in the United States
Authors: Vine Maria Katia , Kellom Elizabeth , Kuhl Ashley , Simone Laurie , Ricker Charité N. , Birkeland Laura 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis cross‐sectional survey study explores ongoing initiatives to foster diversity and inclusivity within the field of genetic counseling, specifically focusing on opportunities within graduate programs for students to enhance language and counseling skills in Spanish, thereby fostering language concordance in genetic counseling settings. With a response rate of 44.8% (26/58) across genetic counseling graduate programs, our study provides an overview of educational offerings in Spanish, encompassing patient‐facing, non‐patient‐facing, and combined opportunities. Of the programs that completed the survey, 73.1% (19/26) offer Spanish language opportunities. Several perceived benefits were identified by those that offer opportunities, including fostering cultural humility and diversity within the field, increasing awareness and accessibility of genetic counseling services, and facilitating involvement in research within minority groups. The information gathered from this study can be a resource for graduate programs seeking insights into effective strategies to incorporate Spanish language opportunities. Additionally, these results may also serve as a source of inspiration for students who want to apply their Spanish language skills in their training and future careers. Lastly, we propose ideas to enhance and expand the training of bilingual genetic counseling students in Spanish.
ISMRM Clinical Focus Meeting 2023: “Imaging the Fire in the Brain”
Authors: Agarwal Nivedita , Fan Audrey , Huang Xiaoqi , Dehkharghani Seena , van der Kolk Anja 
Published: August 2024

Set during the Annual Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM), the “Clinical Focus Meeting” (CFM) aims to bridge the gap between innovative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scientific research and daily patient care. This initiative is dedicated to maximizing the impact of MRI technology on healthcare outcomes for patients. At the 2023 Annual Meeting, clinicians and scientists from across the globe were invited to discuss neuroinflammation from various angles (entitled “Imaging the Fire in the Brain”). Topics ranged from fundamental mechanisms and biomarkers of neuroinflammation to the role of different contrast mechanisms, including both proton and non‐proton techniques, in brain tumors, autoimmune disorders, and pediatric neuroinflammatory diseases. Discussions also delved into how systemic inflammation can trigger neuroinflammation and the role of the gut‐brain axis in causing brain inflammation. Neuroinflammation arises from various external and internal factors and serves as a vital mechanism to mitigate tissue damage and provide neuroprotection. Nonetheless, excessive neuroinflammatory responses can lead to significant tissue injury and subsequent neurological impairments. Prolonged neuroinflammation can result in cellular apoptosis and neurodegeneration, posing severe consequences. MRI can be used to visualize these consequences, by detecting blood–brain barrier damage, characterizing brain lesions, quantifying edema, and identifying specific metabolites. It also facilitates monitoring of chronic changes in both the brain and spinal cord over time, potentially leading to better patient outcomes. This paper represents a summary of the 2023 CFM, and is intended to guide the enthusiastic MR user to several key and novel sequences that MRI offers to image pathophysiologic processes underlying acute and chronic neuroinflammation.Evidence Level5Technical EfficacyStage 3
Pharmacotherapy profile for mothers with schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder in a psychiatric mother–baby unit
Authors: Cooter Anna , Saluja Sushreya , Roberts Susan , Branjerdporn Grace 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundPharmacotherapy treatment is used to manage women with schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder admitted to a mother–baby unit (MBU).AimThe aims of this study were (1) to examine prescribing practices for women with schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder in an MBU, (2) to assess alignment with the Mental health care in the perinatal period: Australian clinical practice guideline and (3) to examine the classes of typical and atypical antipsychotics prescribed to mothers with schizophrenia.MethodA retrospective audit of women with schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder admitted to a psychiatric MBU, located in Queensland, Australia, was conducted from March 2017–July 2019. The exclusion criteria included women admitted with depression, anxiety, personality disorders, and postpartum psychosis. Pharmacotherapy treatment details were extracted at commencement of admission, mid‐way through admission, and discharge. Descriptive statistics were completed. This project was exempt due to the local policy requirements that constitute research by the Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service Human Research Ethics Committee (Reference no: EX/2023/QGC/102306). The justification for this exemption was as follows: the study was deemed a quality improvement activity and complied with Chapter 2.3 of the National Statement of Ethical Conduct in Research and involved only routinely collected data.ResultsOf the 53 mothers included in the study, 29 (55%) had schizophrenia and 24 (45%) had bipolar affective disorder. In addition, 97% of women with schizophrenia received atypical antipsychotics. Five women (21%) with bipolar affective disorder (mean age = 31.60 years, standard deviation = 6.19 years) were prescribed sodium valproate, with four women given contraception. Sodium valproate or lamotrigine were prescribed to four women (67%) with bipolar affective disorder whilst breastfeeding. Of mothers prescribed lithium, 92% did not breastfeed. Overall, 44% of women involuntarily admitted received antipsychotic depot medication compared with 38% of voluntary patients. Results are discussed in relation to the national guidelines.ConclusionThis is the first naturalistic study to examine the pharmacotherapy management of postpartum women admitted to a psychiatric MBU with schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder. The study highlights that prescribing patterns across three time points during admission were generally in alignment with Australian national guidelines.
Understanding the Post‐Pandemic Travel Intentions Among Chinese Residents: Impact of Sociodemographic Factors, COVID Experiences, Travel Planned Behaviours, Health Beliefs, and Resilience
Authors: Guo Chunlan , Lu Xiaocao , Huang Shuyue , Zhao Ying , Zhao Duoping 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTWe investigate the shift of travel intentions among Chinese residents following the end of China's Zero‐COVID policy in December 2022. Focusing on the 2023 Spring Festival, the first major holiday after the pandemic, we examine the factors influencing travel intentions, including travel experiences during COVID‐19, sociodemographics, infection and vaccination experiences, travel planned behaviours, health beliefs, and resilience. Using a cohort study approach, we conducted online surveys in two phases. Initial findings from 1, 263 respondents pre‐holiday indicated a moderate intention to travel (average 3.3 out of 5). The results reveal diminishing effects of COVID‐19 vaccination, infection experiences and health beliefs (perceived susceptibility, severity and benefits) over time. Past travel experiences, planned behaviours (attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control), perceived barriers and resilience significantly elevate travel intentions in the post‐COVID period. Additionally, a post‐holiday survey found that 44.3% of 79 participants had travelled, providing insight into the evolving travel tendencies.
Over‐the‐Counter Hearing Aids: A Nationwide Survey Study to Understand Perspectives in Primary Care
Authors: Davis Ryan J. , Lin Matthew , Ayo‐Ajibola Oluwatobiloba , Ahn Diana D. , Brown Payton A. , Parsons John , Ho Tiffany F. , Choi Janet S. 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesThe expansion of over‐the‐counter (OTC) hearing aids has raised inquiries regarding primary care physicians' (PCP) knowledge, perspective, and perceived roles. We aimed to understand PCP perspectives on OTC hearing aids via nationwide online surveys.MethodsRedCap survey was distributed to PCPs via online forums and public mailing lists. Outcomes included PCPs' attitudes toward, perceived role surrounding, confidence managing, and knowledge of OTC hearing aids. Regression analyses were performed to identify associated factors including demographics and practice characteristics.ResultsCohort included 111 PCPs primarily working in non‐rural (83.8%) outpatient academic medical centers (47.5%), with a mean (SD) of 16.9 (11.6) years practicing. Most reported unfamiliarity (61.3%) with OTC hearing aids but viewed them positively (91.9%). They often perceived themselves as poor sources of OTC hearing aid information (63.1%) but desired involvement (90.1%) and believed associated knowledge is important (98.2%). Rural practice environment was associated with less familiarity toward OTC hearing aids (β = −0.72, [95% CI −1.40 to −0.04]). Respondents answered 5.0 (2.4) of 10 OTC hearing aid knowledge questions correctly. Using 5‐point Likert scale, participants reported most confidence recognizing signs/symptoms of hearing loss 3.71 (0.84), but less confidence educating 1.68 (0.96) about and determining candidacy 1.72 (1.05) for OTC hearing aids. Participants reported continuing medical education courses and published guidelines would effectively improve their OTC hearing aid knowledge.ConclusionPCPs displayed positive attitudes toward OTC hearing aids and valued involvement. Addressing unfamiliarity/knowledge gaps surrounding OTC hearing aids through courses and published guidelines may help clarify misconceptions and promote hearing health care.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 2024
Study on mechanical properties and failure mechanism of epoxy resin/aluminum foam/rubber powder three‐phase composites
Authors: Wu Z. , Zhang Z. , Zhang X. , Jiang H. , Zhang Z. , Zhang Y. , Yang C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, three‐phase composites were made by combining N220 carbon black rubber powder with open‐cell aluminum foam and epoxy resin with mass fractions of 3 %, 5 %, and 7 %, respectively. The mechanical and energy absorption properties of three groups of epoxy resin/rubber powder/aluminum foam three‐phase composites with added aluminum foam and different mass fractions of N220 carbon black rubber powder were analyzed during quasi‐static compression at a compression rate of 2 mm/minute. The mechanical parameters in the quasi‐static compression experiments were compared with those of the two‐phase composites of epoxy resin/rubber powder with no added aluminum foam. Finally, the micro‐morphology of the composites after quasi‐static compression damage was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the collapse deformation of aluminum foam during compression affects the stability of the epoxy resin/rubber powder composite matrix and reduces the toughness of the epoxy resin/rubber powder composite matrix.
Manganese boosts natural killer cell function via cGAS–STING mediated UTX expression
Authors: Ming Qianyi , Liu Jiejie , Lv Zijian , Wang Tiance , Fan Runjia , Zhang Yan , Chen Meixia , Sun Yingli , Han Weidong , Mei Qian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells play a crucial role in both innate immunity and the activation of adaptive immunity. The activating effect of Mn2+ on cyclic GMP‐AMP(cGAS)–stimulator of interferon genes (STING signaling has been well known, but its effect on NK cells remains elusive. In this study, we identified the vital role of manganese (Mn2+) in NK cell activation. Mn2+ directly boosts cytotoxicity of NK cells and promotes the cytokine secretion by NK cells, thereby activating CD8+ T cells and enhancing their antitumor activity. Furthermore, Mn2+ can simultaneously activate NK‐cell intrinsic cGAS and STING and consequently augment the expression of ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat on chromosome X (UTX to promote the responsiveness of NK cells. Our results contribute to a broader comprehension of how cGAS–STING regulates NK cells. As a potent agonist of cGAS–STING, Mn2+ provides a promising option for NK cell‐based immunotherapy of cancers.
Sex Differences in the Absorption, Disposition, Metabolism, and Excretion of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins in Prepubescent Rats
Authors: Iglesias‐Carres Lisard , Mas‐Capdevila Anna , Bravo Francisca I. , Suárez Manuel , Arola‐Arnal Anna , Muguerza Begoña 
Published: August 2024

ScopeThe absorption, disposition, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of phenolic compounds are key factors in determining their bioactivity. The group demonstrates that the ADME of a Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract (GSPE) depends on sex in adult rats and specifically, methylated metabolites are only quantified in brain male adult rats. The aim of this study is to determine whether these differences exist before puberty.Methods and resultsPrepubescent 4‐week‐old male and female Wistar rats are administered GSPE at a dose of 1000 mg kg−1. Plasma, liver, mesenteric white adipose tissue (MWAT), brain, and kidneys are extracted excised 2 h after GSPE administration, and the PAs metabolite profile is studied by HPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS. Moreover, plasma estradiol and brain and liver catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) protein levels are also studied. Results showed that there are no differences in plasma and brain among sexes and only differences are observed in liver, MWAT, and kidney with individual metabolites. This agrees with the lack of differences in estradiol and COMT levels among sexes. However, the ADME of PAs metabolites is higher in male rats.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate lack of sex‐dependence in metabolite profile in prepubescent rats, suggesting that sex differences in the metabolism of GSPE occur due to puberty.
The Solvatomagnetism of ET(33) Betaine and of Its Phenolic Precursor
Authors: Martínez‐Gómez Fabián , Rezende Marcos Caroli , Rodríguez‐Huenchún Valentina 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe 1H and 13C NMR spectra of the N‐(3,5‐dichloro‐4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐ 2,4,6‐triphenylpyridinium perchlorate and of its deprotonated betaine 4‐(2,4,6‐triphenylpyridinio)‐2,6‐dichlorophenolate (Wolfbeis's ET(33) dye) were recorded in various solvents and analyzed in search of solvent‐dependent shifts that characterize their solvatomagnetism, which was compared with the well‐known UV–vis spectral behavior of this important solvatochromic dye. Although the NMR spectra of ET(33) and its phenolic precursor in different solvents correlated only poorly with their UV–vis spectral responses, they provided valuable information on specific structural features and solute–solvent interactions that are not available from their UV–vis spectra.
Proline‐rich transmembrane protein 2 regulates the magnitude and frequency of dopamine release by repetitive neuronal stimuli in the striatum of L‐dopa‐treated mice
Authors: Hatta Daisuke , Makiya Shiho , Kanamoto Kaito , Watanabe Kaori , Fuchigami Yuki , Kawakami Shigeru , Kinoshita Akira , Yoshiura Koh‐Ichiro , Kurotaki Naohiro , Shirotani Keiro , Iwata Nobuhisa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMutations in proline‐rich transmembrane protein 2 (PRRT2) cause paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD). Recently, we reported that a Prrt2 mutation exacerbated L‐dopa‐induced motor deficits in mice, suggesting that the basal ganglia might contribute to PKD pathology. Here, we demonstrated that the Prrt2 mutation enhanced depolarization stimuli‐induced extracellular dopamine levels in the mouse striatum, which were attenuated by repeated stimulation. L‐dopa administration maintained high dopamine levels in Prrt2‐KI mice even during repetitive stimuli but did not affect dopamine levels in wild‐type mice. Thus, the enhanced and prolonged responsiveness of dopamine release in nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons to sequential excitation may be partially implicated in Prrt2‐related dyskinesia.
Taylor‐based smart flower optimization algorithm with the deep residual network to predict mechanical materials properties
Authors: Sharma Oshin , Sharma Deepak 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe expedience of materials processing is of great significance and increased the industrial interest in meeting the needs of contemporary engineering applications. The inspection of mechanical properties is extensively explored by scientists, but the prediction of properties with the deep model is limited. This article presents an optimized deep residual network (DRN) to predict mechanical properties of materials. The quantile normalization is applied for improved processing. The DRN is pre‐trained with an optimization model for initializing the best set of attributes and tuning the parameters of the model. Here, Taylor‐Smart Flower Optimization Algorithm (Taylor‐SFOA) is adapted for training DRN by tuning optimum weights. The proposed Taylor‐SFOA helps to effectively offer precise mapping amidst mechanical properties and processing parameters. The optimal features are selected with the Ruzicka and Motyka. The selected features are fused with a dice coefficient to choose distinct features for attaining effective performance. The method yielded better outcomes with improved generalization. The Taylor‐SFOA‐based DRN provided better outcomes with smallest Mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.049, Mean square error (MSE) of 0.116, Root Mean square error (RMSE) of 0.340, memory footprint of 37.700 MB, and training time of 9.633 Sec.
Applications of Machine Learning in Meniere's Disease Assessment Based on Pure‐Tone Audiometry
Authors: Liu Xu , Guo Ping , Wang Dan , Hsieh Yue‐Lin , Shi Suming , Dai Zhijian , Wang Deping , Li Hongzhe , Wang Wuqing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo apply machine learning models based on air conduction thresholds of pure‐tone audiometry for automatic diagnosis of Meniere's disease (MD) and prediction of endolymphatic hydrops (EH).Study DesignRetrospective study.SettingTertiary medical center.MethodsGadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging sequences and pure‐tone audiometry data were collected. Subsequently, basic and multiple analytical features were engineered based on the air conduction thresholds of pure‐tone audiometry. Later, 5 classical machine learning models were trained to diagnose MD using the engineered features. The models demonstrating excellent performance were also selected to predict EH. The model's effectiveness in MD diagnosis was compared with experienced otolaryngologists.ResultsFirst, the winning light gradient boosting (LGB) machine learning model trained by multiple features demonstrates a remarkable performance on the diagnosis of MD, achieving an accuracy rate of 87%, sensitivity of 83%, specificity of 90%, and a robust area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.95, which compares favorably with experienced clinicians. Second, the LGB model, with an accuracy of 78% on EH prediction, outperformed the other 3 machine learning models. Finally, a feature importance analysis reveals a pivotal role of the specific pure‐tone audiometry features that are essential for both MD diagnosis and EH prediction. Highlighted features include standard deviation and mean of the whole‐frequency hearing, the peak of the audiogram, and hearing at low frequencies, notably at 250 Hz.ConclusionAn efficient machine learning model based on pure‐tone audiometry features was produced to diagnose MD, which also showed the potential to predict the subtypes of EH. The innovative approach demonstrated a game‐changing strategy for MD screening and promising cost‐effective benefits for the health care enterprise.