bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical properties of epoxy resins reinforced with synthetic boehmite (AlOOH) nanosheets
Authors: Wu Zhanjun , Zhuo Qin , Sun Tao , Wang Zhi 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTIn this article, sheet boehmite (AlOOH), which was synthesized via a facile and environmental friendly method, was used as reinforcing agent to toughen Bisphenol A epoxy resin. The result of X–ray Diffraction (XRD) and IR spectrum indicated that the as–synthesized product was pure crystalline and high purity AlOOH. The effects of sheet AlOOH on the mechanical properties of AlOOH/epoxy nanocomposites were investigated. The results indicated that the introduction of AlOOH significantly improved the mechanical properties of epoxy resin. Compared with neat epoxy resin, the tensile strength and the fracture toughness (KIC) of the AlOOH/epoxy nanocomposites filled with 4 wt % AlOOH increased by 24.2% and 28.7%, respectively, while the flexural strength increased from 40.92 to 50.00 MPa. From Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), a phase‐separated morphology and plenty of cervices and river branches were observed in the fractured surfaces of composites. With the increase of sheet AlOOH content, river‐shaped cracks became more and more intensive. Overall, the addition of sheet AlOOH is shown as a promising method for mechanical properties enhancement of epoxy matrix. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41409.
Electrolytically exfoliated graphene–polylactide‐based bioplastic with high elastic performance
Authors: Sriprachuabwong Chakrit , Duangsripat Sorawit , Sajjaanantakul Komkrit , Wisitsoraat Anurat , Tuantranont Adisorn 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTThis work reports an innovative way to prepare biopolymer composite by incorporating graphene (GP) synthesized from electrolytic exfoliation into biodegradable polymer blend (polylactide/epoxidized palm oil: PLA/EPO) based on melt‐blending method and studies their physical properties for food packaging and related applications. Multilayer GP structure synthesized by electrolytic exfoliation is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy, whereas homogeneous GP incorporation in PLA/EPO is verified by scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction. From thermogravimetric analysis and heat deformation temperature (HDT) studies, the decomposition and HDTs of PLA/EPO/GP composites are higher than those of PLA/EPO but are lower than those of pristine PLA and tend to decrease with increasing GP content because of thermal conductivity effect. From standard tensile test, loading of GP in PLA/EPO at an optimal concentration of 0.6 wt % results in higher elongation at break by as much as 52%. The observed additional elongation under a given tension and the corresponding lower tensile strength/Young's modulus may be attributed to lower binding force of materials in the composite because of the presence of relatively weak GP–PLA/EPO interfaces. Moreover, oxygen permeability is found to decrease with increasing GP contents and oxygen permeability is reduced by 40.33% at the GP loading concentration of 0.6 wt %. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41439.
The Nightmare for Aboriginal People and its Relation to Dreamtime
Authors: Lord Alderdice John 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTUsing his experience of applying “large group” psychology to analyzing and intervening in violent political conflicts in many parts of the world, the author describes his observations from a brief engagement with some Australian Aboriginal people and those who are trying to help them. He concludes that the way in which Aboriginal culture views existence, in particular its concepts of time, space and the symbolic, is a major contributor to their difficulties in challenging and coming to terms with the majority culture. He proposes that simply continuing to provide material resources to improve Aboriginal well‐being will not be effective, and that a conservation approach to Aboriginal culture may doom Aboriginal people to continuing misery and untimely deaths. A process of psychosocial engagement is proposed that requires a preparedness to change perspectives on both sides to address the long‐term problems of historically disturbed relationships between indigenous and colonizing peoples. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Australian Reconciliation from a US and New Zealand Perspective
Authors: Twemlow Stuart W. 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTThis paper provides a perspective from two cultures and suggests ways to improve relationships between the Australian White fellas and First Nation (Aboriginal) populations. Several differences are highlighted especially the lack of formal protracted wars with the natives that characterized most other countries in the setting up of the British Empire. It is suggested that a great deal more work needs to be done with the way First Nation people were seen as non‐human until 1970, a topic that seems either talked out or denied depending on whom you talk to. Modern efforts focus on positive and collaborative ways to remedy the problems from those who stand firmly in both camps. Its seems to this writer that more needs to be known about the elder, the dream world and other levels of consciousness that influence the transmission of essential knowledge. With some hesitation I have gone along with the idea of making Western suggestions, but I know what I would rather have. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Radical Doubt and Radical Hope. The Eye of the Storm and then alakenhe it Rains
Authors: Nathan Pamela 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTIn this paper I provide a glimpse of work of the two‐year partnership between the Central Australian Aboriginal Congress Aboriginal Corporation CAACAC based in Alice Springs – a large health organization with five remote health satellite services – and Creating a Safe Supportive Environment (CASSE) – a small psychoanalytic non‐voluntary organization focusing on violence and underlying trauma in Aboriginal communities. The project is called Kurunna Mwarre – Make My Spirit Inside Me Good. I hope to demonstrate the potential role of psychoanalysis in experiencing and being present during the emotional storms of a people in traumatic collision, catastrophic change and uncharted territories. The racial divide and cultural contact giving rise to violence and trauma is the eye of the thundering storm. I also hope to demonstrate the capacity of Aboriginal people to transform the stormy ruptures to provide a living continuity in being over time and into the future. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Psychoanalytic Reflections on an Experience of Australian Aboriginal Culture
Authors: Keogh Timothy 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTThe paper represents reflections on the experience of a week spent as part of the Scientific Advisory Committee of CASSE (Creating a Safe Supportive Environment), as a guest of the Central Australian Aboriginal Congress Aboriginal Corporation (CAACAC). The reflections were based on a methodology of “psychoanalytic observation” processed with reference to the ideas of Bion, Ogden, Bolognini, Fairbairn and Scharff and Scharff. A key reflection concerned the significance of the rupture of the traditional cultural container to the current provision of mental health services. A further reflection was on the importance of the functioning of the CASSE/CAACAC reconciliation‐based partnership and how this might be enhanced by integrating Scharff and Scharff's (1991) dyadic version of Fairbairn's “Endopsychic Model” and Bion's concept of the container–contained relationship into a theoretical framework about its functioning. At the level of delivery of mental health services the importance of a focus on the commonalities between the Aboriginal and psychoanalytic worldviews is stressed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Towards Vaporized Molecular Discrimination: A Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) Sensor System Using Cobalt‐Containing Mesoporous Graphitic Carbon
Authors: Tang Jing , Torad Nagy L. , Salunkhe Rahul R. , Yoon Jang‐Hee , Al Hossain Md Shahriar , Dou Shi Xue , Kim Jung Ho , Kimura Tatsuo , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA recent study on nanoporous carbon based materials (J. Am. Chem. Soc.­ 2012, 134, 2864) showed that the presence of abundant graphitized sp2 carbon species in the frameworks led to higher affinity for aromatic hydrocarbons than their aliphatic analogues. Herein, improved understanding of the sensitive and selective detection of aromatic substances by using mesoporous carbon (MPC)‐based materials, combined with a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor system, was obtained. MPCs were synthesized by direct carbonization of mesoporous polymers prepared from resol through a soft templating approach with Pluronic F127. The carbon‐based frameworks can be graphitized through the addition of a cobalt source to the precursor solution, according to the catalytic activity of the cobalt nanoparticles formed during the carbonization process. From the Raman data, the degree of the graphitization was clearly increased by increasing the cobalt content and elevating the carbonization temperature. From a QCM study, it was proved that the highly graphitized MPCs exhibited a higher affinity for aromatic hydrocarbons than their aliphatic analogues. By increasing the degree of graphitization in the carbon‐based pore walls, the MPCs showed both larger adsorption uptake and faster sensor response towards toxic benzene and toluene vapors.
Synthesis of a Large‐Sized Mesoporous Phosphosilicate Thin Film through Evaporation‐Induced Polymeric Micelle Assembly
Authors: Li Yunqi , Bastakoti Bishnu Prasad , Imura Masataka , Suzuki Norihiro , Jiang Xiangfen , Ohki Shinobu , Deguchi Kenzo , Suzuki Madoka , Arai Satoshi , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA triblock copolymer, poly(styrene‐b‐2‐vinyl pyridine‐b‐ethylene oxide) (PS‐b‐P2VP‐b‐PEO) was used as a soft template to synthesize large‐sized mesoporous phosphosilicate thin films. The kinetically frozen PS core stabilizes the micelles. The strong interaction of the inorganic precursors with the P2VP shell enables the fabrication of highly robust walls of phosphosilicate and the PEO helps orderly packing of the micelles during solvent evaporation. The molar ratio of phosphoric acid and tetraethyl orthosilicate is crucial to achieve the final mesostructure. The insertion of phosphorus species into the siloxane network is studied by 29Si and 31P MAS NMR spectra. The mesoporous phosphosilicate films exhibit steady cell adhesion properties and show great promise as excellent materials in bone‐growth engineering applications.
Precompensated Second Order Repetitive Control of an Active Filter Under Varying Network Frequency
Authors: Ramos Germán A. , Costa‐Castelló Ramon , Olm Josep M. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractNetwork frequency variations cause a dramatic performance decay in repetitive controller‐based shunt active power filters. This problem may be solved by adapting the sampling period in order to keep the ratio between the network period and the sampling period at a constant value. However, these changes may yield closed‐loop instability. The introduction of a precompensator that forces the plant to remain invariant despite sampling rate changes allows the use of standard LTI methods in control design and stability analysis as well. Moreover, in order to improve robustness in the face of network frequency estimation uncertainty and sampling time quantization, the regular repetitive controller is replaced by a high order one. Experimental results show the validity of the proposal.
A membrane stirrer for product recovery and substrate feeding
Authors: Femmer T. , Carstensen F. , Wessling M. 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTDuring fermentation processes, in situ product recovery (ISPR) using submerged membranes allows a continuous operation mode with effective product removal. Continuous recovery reduces product inhibition and organisms in the reactor are not exposed to changing reaction conditions. For an effective in situ product removal, submerged membrane systems should have a sufficient large membrane area and an anti‐fouling concept integrated in a compact device for the limited space in a lab‐scale bioreactor. We present a new membrane stirrer with integrated filtration membranes on the impeller blades as well as an integrated gassing concept in an all‐in‐one device. The stirrer is fabricated by rapid prototyping and is equipped with a commercial micromesh membrane. Filtration performance is tested using a yeast cell suspension with different stirring speeds and aeration fluxes. We reduce membrane fouling by backflushing through the membrane with the product stream. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 331–338. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Interleukin‐4 receptor alpha overexpression in human bladder cancer correlates with the pathological grade and stage of the disease
Authors: Joshi Bharat H. , Leland Pamela , Lababidi Samir , Varrichio Frederick , Puri Raj K. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractPreviously, we have demonstrated that interleukin‐4 receptor α (IL‐4Rα) is overexpressed on a variety of human cancers and can serve as target for IL‐4 immunotoxin comprised of IL‐4 and a mutated Pseudomonas exotoxin. However, its expression and association with grade and clinical stage of bladder cancer has not been studied. IL‐4Rα expression was examined in human bladder cancer cell lines, mouse xenografts, and biopsy specimens at mRNA and protein levels by real‐time RT‐PCR and IHC/ISH techniques. We also examined the effect of IL‐4 on proliferation and invasion of bladder carcinoma cell lines. For tissue microarray (TMA) results, we analyzed the precision data using exact binomial proportion with exact two‐sided P‐values. We used Cochran–Armitage Statistics with exact two‐sided P‐values to examine the trend analysis of IL‐4Rα over grade or stage of the bladder cancer specimens. The influence of age and gender covariates was also analyzed using multiple logistic regression models. IL‐4Rα is overexpressed in five bladder cancer cell lines, while normal bladder and human umbilical vein cell lines (HUVEC) expressed at low levels. Two other chains of IL‐4 receptor complex, IL‐2RγC and IL‐13Rα1, were absent or weakly expressed. IL‐4 modestly inhibited the cell proliferation, but enhanced cell invasion of bladder cancer cell lines in a concentration‐dependent manner. Bladder cancer xenografts in immunodeficient mice also maintained IL‐4Rα overexpression in vivo. Analysis of tumor biopsy specimens in TMAs revealed significantly higher IL‐4Rα immunostaining (≥2+) in Grade 2 (85%) and Grade 3 (97%) compared to Grade 1 tumors (0%) (P ≤ 0.0001). Similarly, 9% stage I tumors were positive for IL‐4Rα (≥2+) compared to 84% stage II (P ≤ 0.0001) and 100% stages III–IV tumors (P ≤ 0.0001). IL‐13Rα1 was also expressed in tumor tissues but at low levels and it did not show any correlation with the grade and stage of disease. However, the IL‐2RγC was not expressed. Ten normal bladder specimens demonstrated ≤1+ staining for IL‐4Rα and IL‐13Rα1 and no staining for IL‐2RγC. These results demonstrate that IL‐4Rα is overexpressed in human bladder cancer, which correlates with advanced grade and stage of the disease. Thus, IL‐4Rα may be a bladder tumor‐associated protein and a prognostic biomarker.
PNA‐Encoded Synthesis (PES) of a 10 000‐Member Hetero‐Glycoconjugate Library and Microarray Analysis of Diverse Lectins
Authors: Novoa Alexandre , Machida Takuya , Barluenga Sofia , Imberty Anne , Winssinger Nicolas 
Published: September 2014

AbstractIdentification of selective and synthetically tractable ligands to glycan‐binding proteins is important in glycoscience. Carbohydrate arrays have had a tremendous impact on profiling glycan‐binding proteins and as analytical tools. We report a highly miniaturized synthetic format to access nucleic‐acid‐encoded hetero‐glycoconjugate libraries with an unprecedented diversity in the combinations of glycans, linkers, and capping groups. Novel information about plant and bacterial lectin specificity was obtained by microarray profiling, and we show that a ligand identified on the array can be converted to a high‐affinity soluble ligand by straightforward chemistry.
A Simple Fragment of Cyclic Acyldepsipeptides Is Necessary and Sufficient for ClpP Activation and Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Carney Daniel W. , Compton Corey L. , Schmitz Karl R. , Stevens Julia P. , Sauer Robert T. , Sello Jason K. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe development of new antibacterial agents, particularly those with unique biological targets, is essential to keep pace with the inevitable emergence of drug resistance in pathogenic bacteria. We identified the minimal structural component of the cyclic acyldepsipeptide (ADEP) antibiotics that exhibits antibacterial activity. We found that N‐acyldifluorophenylalanine fragments function via the same mechanism of action as ADEPs, as evidenced by the requirement of ClpP for the fragments' antibacterial activity, the ability of fragments to activate Bacillus subtilis ClpP in vitro, and the capacity of an N‐acyldifluorophenylalanine affinity matrix to capture ClpP from B. subtilis cell lysates. N‐acyldifluorophenylalanine fragments are much simpler in structure than the full ADEPs and are also highly amenable to structural diversification. Thus, the stage has been set for the development of non‐peptide activators of ClpP that can be used as antibacterial agents.
The Importance of Catalyst Wettability
Authors: Wang Liang , Xiao Feng‐Shou 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe contribution of catalyst wettability for catalytic performance has been ignored for a long time. In this Concept, we have briefly summarized recent works on the importance of catalyst wettability for improving catalytic activity, product selectivity, and catalyst stability. Suitable catalyst wettability is favourable for several reasons: 1) to enrich the reactants, leading to enhancement of the catalytic activity; 2) to inhibit side‐reactions, giving desirable products; 3) to reduce the poisoning of active sites and damage to catalyst framework, resulting in an increase of catalyst stability. These advantages of suitable catalyst wettability will be very important for designing and developing novel heterogeneous catalysts in the future.
Synthesis of Mono‐ and Dihydroxylated Amino Acids with New α‐Ketoglutarate‐Dependent Dioxygenases: Biocatalytic Oxidation of CH Bonds
Authors: Baud Damien , Saaidi Pierre‐Loïc , Monfleur Adam , Harari Marine , Cuccaro Julien , Fossey Aurélie , Besnard Marielle , Debard Adrien , Mariage Aline , Pellouin Virginie , Petit Jean‐Louis , Salanoubat Marcel , Weissenbach Jean , de Berardinis Véronique , Zaparucha Anne 
Published: September 2014

AbstractIron(II)/α‐ketoacid‐dependent oxygenases (αKAOs) are enzymes that mainly catalyse hydroxylation reaction. By using a genomic approach combining sequence comparison and protein‐domain sharing, a set of 131 αKAO enzymes was prepared. The screening of various substrates revealed five new αKAOs. Four αKAOs were found to be active towards L‐lysine, L‐ornithine and L‐arginine with total regio‐ and stereoselectivities and yielding the corresponding 3‐ or 4‐hydroxyamino acids. The enzymatic cascade reaction with two stereoselective regiodivergent αKAOs enabled the synthesis of 3,4‐dihydroxy‐L‐lysine.
Selective Hydrogenation of Phenol to Cyclohexanone in Water over Pd@N‐Doped Carbon Derived from Ionic‐Liquid Precursors
Authors: Xu Xuan , Li Haoran , Wang Yong 
Published: September 2014

AbstractIn this report, a kind of mesoporous N‐doped carbon (CN‐x) derived from N‐containing ionic‐liquid (IL) precursors were synthesized, and Pd@CN‐x prepared by a simple ultrasound‐assisted method showed higher catalytic activity for the selective hydrogenation of phenol and its derivatives under mild reaction conditions in water than commercial Pd@C and other common Pd heterogeneous catalysts. The catalytic activities of Pd@CN‐x derived from different ILs were different, and further study into the influencing factors, including physical properties, N species of CN‐x, and Pd status of Pd@CN‐x, were performed.
Graphene Oxide: An Efficient Acid Catalyst for Alcoholysis and Esterification Reactions
Authors: Zhu Shanhui , Chen Chengmeng , Xue Yanfeng , Wu Jianbing , Wang Jianguo , Fan Weibin 
Published: September 2014

AbstractEvidence is presented for graphene oxide (GO), prepared by modified Hummers method, as a highly active, selective and reusable solid‐acid catalyst for the production of alkyl levulinates via alcoholysis or esterification. 95.5 % yield of ethyl levulinate was achieved by GO in furfuryl alcohol alcoholysis. Moreover, the surface SO3H groups were identified as the primary active sites, while the surface carboxyl groups worked synergistically to adsorb furfuryl alcohol.
New Layered Proton‐Conducting Oxides LixAl0.6Co0.4O2 and LixAl0.7Co0.3O2
Authors: Lan Rong , Tao Shanwen 
Published: September 2014

AbstractSingle‐phase layered oxides with nominal composition LiAl0.6Co0.4O2 and LiAl0.7Co0.3O2 were synthesised and tested as electrolytes for H2/air fuel cells. The maximum current and power densities of 382 mA cm−2 and 108 mW cm−2, respectively, were achieved at 650 °C when a 0.70 mm‐thick LiAl0.6Co0.4O2 pellet was used as the electrolyte. The ionic conductivity of LiAl0.7Co0.3O2 was 4.0×10−2 S cm−1 at 725 °C, which was derived from the series resistance of the impedance spectra of the H2/air fuel cells. For LiAl0.6Co0.4O2, the highest ionic conductivity was 7.7×10−2 S cm−1, observed at 625 °C. In the LiAl1−yCoyO2 series, the proton conductivity and working temperature of the materials are closely related to the composition. It is essential to integrate the multivalent element into the layered‐oxide lattice to achieve high proton conductivity, as the proton conduction is a coherent effect between the reduction of the multivalent element, such as cobalt, and the insertion of protons.
Robust Inclusion Complexes of Crown Ether Fused Tetrathiafulvalenes with Li+@C60 to Afford Efficient Photodriven Charge Separation
Authors: Supur Mustafa , Kawashima Yuki , Larsen Karina R. , Ohkubo Kei , Jeppesen Jan O. , Fukuzumi Shunichi 
Published: September 2014

AbstractInclusion complexes of benzo‐ and dithiabenzo‐crown ether functionalized monopyrrolotetrathiafulvalene (MPTTF) molecules were formed with Li+@C60 (1⋅Li+@C60 and 2⋅Li+@C60). The strong complexation has been quantified by high binding constants that exceed 106 M−1 obtained by UV/Vis titrations in benzonitrile (PhCN) at room temperature. On the basis of DFT studies at the B3LYP/6‐311G(d,p) level, the orbital interactions between the crown ether moieties and the π surface of the fullerene together with the endohedral Li+ have a crucial role in robust complex formation. Interestingly, complexation of Li+@C60 with crown ethers accelerates the intersystem crossing upon photoexcitation of the complex, thereby yielding 3(Li+@C60)*, when no charge separation by means of 1Li+@C60* occurs. Photoinduced charge separation by means of 3Li+@C60* with lifetimes of 135 and 120 μs for 1⋅Li+@C60 and 2⋅Li+@C60, respectively, and quantum yields of 0.82 in PhCN have been observed by utilizing time‐resolved transient absorption spectroscopy and then confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance measurements at 4 K. The difference in crown ether structures affects the binding constant and the rates of photoinduced electron‐transfer events in the corresponding complex.