bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing genomics confidence and learning needs in Australian nurses and midwives: an educational program evaluation
Authors: Alexander Kim E. , Rolfe Melanie , Gabbett Michael T. 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The mainstreaming of genomics across healthcare specialties necessitates that all nurses and midwives have a high literacy in genomics.Methods: We aimed to design, develop, implement and evaluate a genomics education workshop for nurses and midwives using action research principles.Results: Registered nurses and midwives completed an online survey regarding genomics confidence and learning needs (n = 274). The results of this survey were used to develop the genomics education workshop. The workshop was run three times (n = 105) with evaluation data being collected both before and after each workshop. Significant improvements in confidence across all learning domains was found following the workshops (p &lt; 0.001). A desire for more education across all learning domains except for genetics knowledge was also identified (p &lt; 0.001).Discussion: Genomics education workshops were found to increase the confidence of nurses and midwives across a range of specialties. Nurses and midwives also expressed a desire for further education in genomics.
Level of optimal antenatal care utilization and its associated factors among pregnant women in Arba Minch town, southern Ethiopia: new WHO-recommended ANC 8+ model
Authors: Deresa Dinagde Dagne , Feyisa Gizu Tola , Afework Hana Tadesse , Chewaka Menen Tilahun , Wada Habtamu Wana 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundTo fully realize the life-saving and health-promoting benefits of antenatal care (ANC), the latest World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations call for pregnant women to have at least eight contacts with skilled healthcare providers. This increased number of recommended ANC visits represents a shift toward a more comprehensive, individualized approach to prenatal care. The focus is on health promotion, disease prevention, and the early detection and management of complications during pregnancy. However, in sub-Saharan African countries, including Ethiopia, the coverage rate for this level of recommended antenatal care is only 58%. Given this relatively low utilization, identifying the key risk factors that prevent adequate antenatal care would have significant implications for increasing overall ANC uptake in these regions.ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to assess the level of optimal antenatal care utilization and its associated factors among pregnant women in Arba Minch town, southern Ethiopia in 2023 using the new WHO-recommended ANC 8+ model.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 416 mothers who were enrolled between 1 December 2022 and 30 January 2023. The total sample size was allocated proportionately to the number of women who delivered at each public health facility. Thus, systematic sampling was applied. Kobo Toolbox was used for data collection and cleaning, which was then analyzed using SPSS Version 26. Statistical significance was determined at a p-value &lt;0.05.ResultsIn this study, the level of optimal antenatal care was 41% [95% confidence interval (CI): 37–45.3]. The associated factors with optimal antenatal care were the presence of pregnancy danger signs [adjusted odds ratios (AOR) = 4.1, 95% CI: 1.87–8.82], having bad obstetric history (AOR = 3.90, 95% CI: 1.94–7.83), antenatal contact at hospital (AOR = 5.11, 95% CI: 2.28–11.21), having good knowledge about antenatal care (AOR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.15–4.44), women's high decision-making power (AOR = 3.9, 95% CI: 1.2–7.63), and male partner involvement (AOR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.04–3.78) were positively associated with optimal antenatal care utilization.ConclusionThe level of optimal antenatal follow-up is still low. Therefore, it is crucial to provide more information during the antenatal contacts to lower the rate of women discontinued from antenatal care.
Magnesium matters: unveiling hidden risks in kidney transplant patients through total and ionized magnesium profiling
Authors: Bocchi Federica , Schietzel Simeon , Huynh-Do Uyen , Vogt Bruno , Sidler Daniel 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundIn kidney transplant (KT) patients, magnesium (Mg2+) deficiency is widespread. It is often encountered early after KT, may persist longer, and is frequently promoted by calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) and tubular leakage. Studies demonstrated an association between post-KT hypomagnesemia and allograft dysfunction. The concentration of the active form, the ionized Mg2+ (iMg2+), is not measured clinically, and total Mg2+ (tMg2+) and iMg2+ correlations are conflicting. We assess the cross-sectional prevalence of hypomagnesemia in KT patients. The correlation of demographic and anthropometric parameters was also studied.MethodsA prospective, single-center analysis of KT patients was conducted at the University Hospital of Bern, Switzerland (March 2023–August 2023). Blood samples were collected at least twice for the majority of patients. tMg2+ has been quantified from a plasma sample at the Clinical Chemistry Department of the University Hospital of Bern. The PRIME® ES analyzer (Nova Biomedical, USA) provided results for iMg2+. The following co-variables were considered: age, comorbidities, kidney disease, KT history, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and treatment (including Mg2+ supplementation and immunosuppression).ResultsA total of 208 measurements in 104 patients were performed [once in 9/104 patients (8.7%), twice in 86/104 (82.7%), and three times in 9/104 (8.7%)]. Compared to that in healthy volunteers (51 measurements in 51 participants), mean iMg2+ was significantly lower in KT patients {KT: 0.46 mmol/L [interquartile range (IQR): 0.40–0.50], volunteers: 0.57 mmol/L (IQR 0.54–0.61), p &lt; 0.01}. Overall, iMg2+ and tMg2+ showed strong category agreement (r2 = 0.93, p &lt; 0.01). In linear regression, low iMg2+ correlated with CNI exposure. For 110/208 measurements (52.9%), a reduced iMg2+ (cutoff: 0.42 mmol/L) was shown. In 58/208 (27.9%), both values were reduced, and 52/208 (25%) had isolated reduced iMg2+. In principal component analysis, patients with isolated low iMg2+ clustered with patients with low iMg2+ and tMg2+.ConclusioniMg2+ and tMg2+ were strongly correlated. A substantial proportion of patients show isolated low iMg2+. Currently, it is unclear if these patients suffer from Mg2+ deficiency.
Paramagnetic rim lesions as a biomarker to discriminate between multiple sclerosis and cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Zhu Zhibao , Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Chun , Guo Wenliang , Chen Zhili , Chen Wei , Li Shaowu , Wang Ning , Chen Xiaochun , Fu Ying 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease (CSVD) exhibit some similarities in Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), potentially leading to misdiagnosis and delaying effective treatment windows. It is unclear whether CSVD can be detected with Paramagnetic Rim Lesions (PRL), which is special in MS.ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate whether PRL can serve as a neuroimaging marker for discriminating between MS and CSVD.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 49 MS and 104 CSVD patients underwent 3.0 T Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Visual assessment of 37 MS patients and 89 CSVD patients with or without lacunes, cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS), white matter hyperintensity (WMH), central vein sign (CVS), and PRL. The distribution and number of PRL were then counted.ResultsOur study found that PRL was detected in over half of the MS patients but was entirely absent in CSVD patients (78.38 vs. 0%, p &lt; 0.0001), and PRL showed high specificity with good sensitivity in discriminating between MS and CSVD (sensitivity: 78.38%, specificity: 100%, AUC: 0.96).ConclusionParamagnetic Rim Lesions is a special imaging feature in MS, absent in CSVD. Detection of PRL can be very helpful in the clinical management of MS and CSVD.
Electrophysiological responses to appetitive and consummatory behavior in the rostral nucleus tractus solitarius in awake, unrestrained rats
Authors: Pilato Stephen A. , O’Connell Flynn P. , Victor Jonathan D. , Di Lorenzo Patricia M. 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionAs the intermediate nucleus in the brainstem receiving information from the tongue and transmitting information upstream, the rostral portion of the nucleus tractus solitarius (rNTS) is most often described as a “taste relay”. Although recent evidence implicates the caudal NTS in a broad neural circuit involved in regulating ingestion, there is little information about how cells in the rNTS respond when an animal is eating solid food.MethodsSingle cells in the rNTS were recorded in awake, unrestrained rats as they explored and ate solid foods (Eating paradigm) chosen to correspond to the basic taste qualities: milk chocolate for sweet, salted peanuts for salty, Granny Smith apples for sour and broccoli for bitter. A subset of cells was also recorded as the animal licked exemplars of the five basic taste qualities: sucrose, NaCl, citric acid, quinine and MSG (Lick paradigm).ResultsMost cells were excited by exploration of a food-filled well, sometimes responding prior to contact with the food. In contrast, cells that were excited by food well exploration became significantly less active while the animal was eating the food. Most cells were broadly tuned across foods, and those cells that were recorded in both the Lick and Eating paradigms showed little correspondence in their tuning across paradigms.DiscussionThe preponderance of robust responses to the appetitive versus the consummatory phase of ingestion suggests that multimodal convergence onto cells in the rNTS may be used in decision making about ingestion.
Effect of body mass index on survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer receiving chemotherapy plus bevacizumab: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lang Xiaohui , Tong Chengliang , Yu Yang , Li Huiyan 
Published: July 2024

AimThis systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) undergoing treatment with bevacizumab plus chemotherapy.MethodsThe search for relevant literature was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, with the final search date being October 4, 2023. We utilized the weighted mean differences (WMDs), risk ratios (RRs), or Hazard ratios (HRs) as the metric for effect sizes, which were accompanied by 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsA total of 9 studies were included for analysis. The results indicated that non-obese patients with mCRC undergoing treatment with bevacizumab experienced a reduced overall survival (OS) at the six-month compared to their obese counterparts (RR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94 to 1.00, p = 0.047). Furthermore, no significant differences in one-year, two-year, and five-year OS, as well as PFS and median OS, were observed between obese and non-obese mCRC patients undergoing treatment with bevacizumab plus chemotherapy.ConclusionThese findings suggest that obesity may play a role in the short-term OS of patients with mCRC undergoing bevacizumab treatment. The clinical implications of these findings underscore the importance of considering patients’ BMI in the context of mCRC care. This study may also help guide personalized treatment strategies and further research into the interplay between obesity, treatment efficacy, and patient survival in mCRC. However, further investigation is warranted to substantiate the findings of this study.
The association between composite dietary antioxidant index and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients: evidence from the NHANES
Authors: Liu Shasha , Zhu Zhanfang , Yu Kai , Zhang Wei , Pu Jie , Lv Ying , Tang Zhiguo , Liu Fuqiang , Sun Yongqiang 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundAlthough diabetic retinopathy (DR) is closely related to dietary patterns and oxidative stress, there is little research on the relationship between the compound dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) and DR. This study aims to fill this gap by analyzing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to explore the association between CDAI and DR in patients with type 2 diabetes, in order to provide a basis for dietary guidance to prevent DR.MethodsData for this study was obtained from NHANES conducted between 1999 and 2020. Information regarding dietary intake was collected through 24 h dietary recall interviews. Multivariate logistic regression analyses and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were employed to explore the association between CDAI and DR. Furthermore, subgroup analyses were conducted to further examine the relationship.ResultsIn this study, a total of 2,158 participants were included, with a mean age of 58.87 years. After adjusting for all potential confounding factors, multivariate logistic regression analyses consistently demonstrated a negative correlation between CDAI and DR (OR = 0.94, 95%CI: 0.90–0.98, p = 0.007). Specifically, individuals in the highest quartile of CDAI had a significantly reduced risk of DR compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR = 0.51, 95%CI: 0.34–0.75, p &lt; 0.001). The RCS analyses further confirmed the linear negative correlation between CDAI and DR (non-linear p = 0.101). Additionally, subgroup analyses provided further evidence for the robustness of this association across different subpopulations.ConclusionOur study highlights the linear negative correlation between CDAI and DR in type 2 diabetic patients. Further prospective studies are still needed in the future to confirm the role of CDAI in the risk of developing DR.
Machine learning models identify micronutrient intake as predictors of undiagnosed hypertension among rural community-dwelling older adults in Thailand: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Turnbull Niruwan , Nghiep Le Ke , Butsorn Aree , Khotprom Anuwat , Tudpor Kukiat 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTo develop a predictive model for undiagnosed hypertension (UHTN) in older adults based on five modifiable factors [eating behaviors, emotion, exercise, stopping smoking, and stopping drinking alcohol (3E2S) using machine learning (ML) algorithms.MethodsThe supervised ML models [random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and extreme gradient boosting (XGB)] with SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) prioritization and conventional statistics (χ2 and binary logistic regression) were employed to predict UHTN from 5,288 health records of older adults from ten primary care hospitals in Thailand.ResultsThe χ2 analyses showed that age and eating behavior were the predicting features of UHTN occurrence. The binary logistic regression revealed that taking food supplements/vitamins, using seasoning powder, and eating bean products were related to normotensive and hypertensive classifications. The RF, XGB, and SVM accuracy were 0.90, 0.89, and 0.57, respectively. The SHAP identified the importance of salt intake and food/vitamin supplements. Vitamin B6, B12, and selenium in the UHTN were lower than in the normotensive group.ConclusionML indicates that salt intake, soybean consumption, and food/vitamin supplements are primary factors for UHTN classification in older adults.
Green pepper fruits counting based on improved DeepSort and optimized Yolov5s
Authors: Du Pengcheng , Chen Shang , Li Xu , Hu Wenwu , Lan Nan , Lei Xiangming , Xiang Yang 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionGreen pepper yield estimation is crucial for establishing harvest and storage strategies.MethodThis paper proposes an automatic counting method for green pepper fruits based on object detection and multi-object tracking algorithm. Green pepper fruits have colors similar to leaves and are often occluded by each other, posing challenges for detection. Based on the YOLOv5s, the CS_YOLOv5s model is specifically designed for green pepper fruit detection. In the CS_YOLOv5s model, a Slim-Nick combined with GSConv structure is utilized in the Neck to reduce model parameters while enhancing detection speed. Additionally, the CBAM attention mechanism is integrated into the Neck to enhance the feature perception of green peppers at various locations and enhance the feature extraction capabilities of the model.ResultAccording to the test results, the CS_YOLOv5s model of mAP, Precision and Recall, and Detection time of a single image are 98.96%, 95%, 97.3%, and 6.3 ms respectively. Compared to the YOLOv5s model, the Detection time of a single image is reduced by 34.4%, while Recall and mAP values are improved. Additionally, for green pepper fruit tracking, this paper combines appearance matching algorithms and track optimization algorithms from SportsTrack to optimize the DeepSort algorithm. Considering three different scenarios of tracking, the MOTA and MOTP are stable, but the ID switch is reduced by 29.41%. Based on the CS_YOLOv5s model, the counting performance before and after DeepSort optimization is compared. For green pepper counting in videos, the optimized DeepSort algorithm achieves ACP (Average Counting Precision), MAE (Mean Absolute Error), and RMSE (Root Mean Squared Error) values of 95.33%, 3.33, and 3.74, respectively. Compared to the original algorithm, ACP increases by 7.2%, while MAE and RMSE decrease by 6.67 and 6.94, respectively. Additionally, Based on the optimized DeepSort, the fruit counting results using YOLOv5s model and CS_YOLOv5s model were compared, and the results show that using the better object detector CS_YOLOv5s has better counting accuracy and robustness.
Upward social comparison and social anxiety among Chinese college students: a chain-mediation model of relative deprivation and rumination
Authors: Xu Lijuan , Li Li 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundSocial anxiety has consistently emerged as a prominent manifestation of mental health issues among college students. Though the relationship between upward social comparison and social anxiety has been extensively addressed in previous literature, little attention has been paid to the underlying mechanisms at play.ObjectiveThe present study used a questionnaire survey to test whether upward social comparison may be associated with social anxiety in Chinese college students. The mediating role of relative deprivation and rumination was also examined.MethodsIn total, 463 college students were recruited to complete four scales, including the Upward Social Comparison Scale, the Relative Deprivation Scale, the Ruminative Thinking Scale, and the Social Anxiety Scale.ResultsThe results show that upward social comparison was significantly positively correlated with relative deprivation, rumination, and social anxiety (r = 0.30, 0.31, and 0.27, respectively; p &lt; 0.01). Second, relative deprivation was positively correlated with rumination and social anxiety (r = 0.40 and 0.17, respectively; p &lt; 0.01). Finally, rumination was positively correlated with social anxiety (r = 0.47, p &lt; 0.01). Moreover, upward social comparison positively predicts social anxiety, with an effect value of 0.12, while rumination plays a mediating role between upward social comparison and social anxiety, with an effect value of 0.07, and the 95% confidence interval for the indirect effect is 0.04–0.11. Separately, the chain mediation of relative deprivation and rumination had an effect value of 0.03, and the 95% confidence interval for the indirect effect is 0.02–0.05.ConclusionThis research highlights the relationship between upward social comparison and social anxiety in Chinese society and revealed the mediating mechanisms between them, deepening our understanding of how upward social comparison increases social anxiety.
Bone health education in individuals with spinal cord injury or disease—the Bare Bones Podcast Series: plan it, produce it, post it!
Authors: Craven B. Catharine , Kaiser Anita , Blencowe Lindsie A. , Jervis-Rademeyer Hope , Boag Lynn , Murphy Wendy , Miyatani Masae 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThe Consortium for Spinal Cord Medicine's inaugural Clinical Practice Guideline for Bone Health and Osteoporosis Management for Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury or Disease (CSCM-CPG) was published in 2022 for a clinician audience. The aim of this project was to develop a podcast series to ensure people with lived experience with Spinal Cord Injury or Disease (PLEX) understand the CSCM-CPG content and know how to act to reduce their fracture risk.MethodsThe “Bare Bones Podcast Series” consists of nine episodes; one related to each CSCM-CPG chapter. The podcast content and the questions asked in each podcast were co-developed by PLEX partners (PLEX-P) and the project team. Two PLEX-P acted as co-hosts for the series. The invited speaker(s) were CSCM-CPG expert panel members who participated in an informal dialogue with the hosts. Each podcast closes with a specific action a listener can do to advance their bone health. The related Educational Action Planning Tool (EAT) handouts contain text and infographic information specific to each podcast episode and include key concepts and a specific actionable take-home message. Local PLEX reviewers (PLEX-R) were invited to review podcast episodes and EATs and provide their feedback through focus group participation or one-on-one (1:1) interviews. The project team revised the podcast episodes and the EATs based on feedback from the PLEX-R prior to releasing them online.ResultsNine podcast episodes and related EATs were designed and created collaboratively with 3 PLEX-P, 22 PLEX-R, 11 CSCM-CPG expert panel members, and the project team. The episodes were titled: “Introduction to the Bare Bones of Bone Health”; “Fracture 101”; “Blood Tests—a Window into You”; “I See Your Skeleton”; “Vitamin D for all, Calcium for Some”; “Get Moving and Loading”; “Pills or Poisons &amp; Atomic Habits”; “Snap and Crack”; and “Directions for Research”. The Bare Bones Podcast Series was shared through the project website.ConclusionsThe podcasts will aid PLEX and their family caregivers to advocate for ongoing bone health assessments and to promote an ongoing dialogue with care team members regarding how to prevent fractures and fracture-related morbidity and mortality.