bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
World Literature and Japan: Tokyo, Worlding and Murakami Haruki
Authors: Stewart Rachel 
Published: April 2015

AbstractFollowing on from the publication of The Oxford Handbook of Global Modernisms, this essay develops understandings of the worldliness of world literature as part of a more inclusive system of exchange, circulation and multidirectional flows that could create new spaces for multiple world perspectives in literature. Arguing that the world in World Literature should be theorised as a concept as opposed to a marker of scale, Eric Hayot's On Literary Worlds (2012) forms the theoretical and conceptual foundations for analysing the scope and limits of a more sufficiently global view of the nature of worlding in Murakami Haruki's contemporary Japanese fiction. Building on David Damrosch's seminal work What is World Literature (2003a), the aim of this essay is two‐fold: to renew common conceptions of the spatial implications attached to the overarching singularity of the word ‘world’ in world literature; and to expand the categories of ‘world’ and of ‘literature’ as individual ‘whole’ parts that together create new overlapping spaces in the history of worldedness as a cultural phenomenon. Overlaps between anthropologists, sociologists, urban planners, urban rhythm analysis, linguistics and academics are discussed with reference to worlding in Murakami's depiction of Tokyo's multiple world‐passages with particular reference to his 2011 trilogy IQ84. Ultimately, this essay aims to present Japan as a (re)creator of global worlds in which the rebuilding of post‐war Tokyo comprises shifting spatial boundaries pertaining to both our world totality and our capability for (re)reading infinite world spaces. Reading the spatial liminality of Murakami's Tokyo in IQ84 while historicising the building of Tokyo as a world city aims to place transculturation and transliteration at the forefront of developing a multiple worlds perspective for our understandings of the world as a concept.
Abdominal pain endpoints currently recommended by the FDA and EMA for adult patients with irritable bowel syndrome may not be reliable in children
Authors: Saps M. , Lavigne J. V. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommended ≥30% decrease on patient‐reported outcomes for pain be considered clinically significant in clinical trials for adults with irritable bowel syndrome. This percent change approach may not be appropriate for children. We compared three alternate approaches to determining clinically significant reductions in pain among children.Methods80 children with functional abdominal pain participated in a study of the efficacy of amitriptyline. Endpoints included patient‐reported estimates of feeling better, and pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The minimum clinically important difference in pain report was calculated as (i) mean change in VAS score for children reporting being ‘better’; (ii) percent changes in pain (≥30% and ≥50%) on the VAS; and (iii) statistically reliable changes on the VAS for 68% and 95% confidence intervals.Key ResultsThere was poor agreement between the three approaches. 43.6% of the children who met the FDA ≥30% criterion for clinically significant change did not achieve a reliable level of improvement (95% confidence interval).Conclusions & InferencesChildren's self‐reported ratings of being better may not be statistically reliable. A combined approach in which children must report improvement as better and achieve a statistically significant change may be more appropriate for outcomes in clinical trials.
Oral Mucoceles in Children—Analysis of 56 New Cases
Authors: Bodner Lipa , Manor Esther , Joshua Ben‐Zion , Shaco‐Levy Ruthy 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundMucoceles are common cystic lesions of the oral mucosa. Extravasation mucoceles (EMs) are mainly found in the lower lip of young patients, whereas retention mucoceles (RMs) are usually located in the cheek or palate of older patients. This study was undertaken to more fully characterize the clinicopathologic features of mucoceles in pediatric patients.MethodsThe records of 56 pediatric patients with mucoceles were included in the study. Age, sex, history of trauma, intraoral site, size, and method of treatment were evaluated. Histopathologically the lesions were classified as being EMs or RMs.ResultsThe age range was 1.5 to 16 years (mean age 11.2 yrs). Of the 56 patients, 24 (43%) were males and 32 (57%) were females, with a male:female ratio of 1:1.33. A history of trauma was recorded in 32 (57%) patients of the lower lip. The intraoral sites were the lower lip (38 [68%]), tongue (10 [18%]), and floor of the mouth (8 [14%]). Of the 56 patients, 44 (79%) were EM and 12 (21%) were ranulas. No RMs were found. Mucoceles ranged from 0.3 to 3.8 cm in diameter (mean 0.9 cm). The treatment of EMs was surgical excision. Cryosurgey, electrosurgery, and carbon dioxide laser were also used.ConclusionIn contrast to adults, where EM and RM types can be found, among children all cases are of the EM type. The disparate site and age incidences of EMs and RMs of the oral mucosa suggest that these two types are not related and possibly have a different etiopathogenesis.
Catharine Cockburn on Unthinking Immaterial Substance: Souls, Space, and Related Matters
Authors: Thomas Emily 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe early modern Catharine Cockburn wrote on a wide range of philosophical issues and recent years have seen an increasing interest in her work. This paper explores her thesis that immaterial substance need not think. Drawing on existing scholarship, I explore the origin of this thesis in Cockburn and show how she applies it in a novel way to space. This thesis provides a particularly useful entry point into Cockburn's philosophy, as it emphasises the importance of her metaphysics and connects with many of her further philosophical views. This paper shows that it is rewarding to consider Cockburn's philosophical views as a holistic system.
The Human Right to Health
Authors: Hassoun Nicole 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIs there a human right to health? If so, what are its grounds? Can a legal or moral human right to health provide any practical guidance when it comes to making decisions about, for instance, the allocation of scarce health resources? There are many possible answers to these questions in the literature. This article surveys some of these replies. First, however, it examines the distinctions between legal and moral human rights and rights to health vs. health care. It then surveys the literature on potential grounds for a moral (and possibly legal) human right to health. It concludes by considering replies to several common objections to the existence of a human right to health.
Can Drug Effects Explain the Recent Temporal Increase in Atonic Postpartum Haemorrhage?
Authors: Joseph K. S. , Sheehy Odile , Mehrabadi Azar , Urquia Marcelo L. , Hutcheon Jennifer A. , Kramer Michael , Bérard Anick 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundRates of postpartum haemorrhage and atonic postpartum haemorrhage have increased in several high‐income countries. We carried out a study to examine if drug use in pregnancy, or drug and other interactions, explained this increase in postpartum haemorrhage.MethodsThe linked administrative and hospital databases of the Québec Pregnancy Cohort were used to define a cohort of pregnant women in Québec, Canada, from 1998 to 2009 (n = 138 704). Case–control studies on any postpartum haemorrhage and atonic postpartum haemorrhage were carried out within this population, with up to five controls randomly selected for each case after matching on index date and hospital of delivery (incidence density sampling). Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the effects of drug use on postpartum haemorrhage and atonic postpartum haemorrhage.ResultsThere was an unexpected non‐linear, declining temporal pattern in postpartum haemorrhage and atonic postpartum haemorrhage between 1998 and 2009. Use of antidepressants (mainly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) was associated with higher rates of postpartum haemorrhage [adjusted rate ratio (aRR) 1.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23, 1.77] and atonic postpartum haemorrhage [aRR 1.40, 95% CI 1.13, 1.74]. Thrombocytopenia was also associated with higher rates of postpartum haemorrhage [aRR 1.52, 95% CI 1.16, 2.00]. There were no statistically significant drug interactions. Adjustment for maternal factors and drug use had little effect on temporal trends in postpartum haemorrhage and atonic postpartum haemorrhage.ConclusionsAlthough antidepressant use and thrombocytopenia were associated with higher rates of atonic postpartum haemorrhage, antidepressant and other drug use did not explain temporal trends in postpartum haemorrhage.
Cardiac Response During Auditory Selective Attention to Tones and Affective Sounds
Authors: da Silva Sérgio P. , Backs Richard W. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe conducted an experiment to determine if attention to affective sounds showed a lateral bias. Twenty‐two participants were instructed to respond to one of two pure tones presented monaurally and to a set of pleasant and unpleasant sounds from the International Affective Digitized Sounds set. Participants were instructed to respond to pleasant or unpleasant sounds in the right or left ear, attending to pleasant/right, pleasant/left, unpleasant/right, and unpleasant/left sounds in separate blocks. Evoked cardiac response to the tones showed significant cardiac deceleration in response to attended sounds in the attended ear. In addition, pleasant sounds elicited significant cardiac deceleration when attended in the right ear, but not in the left. Unpleasant sounds elicited significant cardiac deceleration when attended in both ears. Consistent with the anterior valence hypothesis, our data suggests that pleasant sounds are mainly processed in the left hemisphere, but in contrast to this hypothesis, unpleasant sounds are processed bilaterally.
The act of penning in William Baldwin's Beware the Cat
Authors: Stenner Rachel 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis essay argues that Beware the Cat presents itself as a penned text, not just an oral or printed one. Baldwin highlights the specifically handwritten word as a unique component in the text and considers its various hermeneutic facets. His interest in the materials and processes of writing anticipates that of later prose fiction writers, such as Thomas Nashe and George Gascoigne; in this sense he can be seen in the 1550s articulating concerns that would become characteristic of subsequent prose narrative. Two areas in Beware the Cat are particularly important to this discussion: the editorial fiction as established in G. B.'s framing material, and the bawd's letter as described in Mouse‐slayer's oration. Baldwin identifies handwriting as an intermediate stage in the book production process, imagining the relationship between orality and printing not in opposition but along a continuum. He also presents handwriting as an act that is at once manual, creative and performative, that becomes a subject of fiction and a philosophical problem. The philosophical context is introduced through allusions to the Platonic dialogue, Phaedrus, and Baldwin's own Treatise of Moral Philosophy. This has consequences for the text's meditations on not only penning but on printing and orality too.
Empirical Likelihood Confidence Intervals for Complex Sampling Designs
Authors: Berger Y. G. , De La Riva Torres O. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryWe define an empirical likelihood approach which gives consistent design-based confidence intervals which can be calculated without the need of variance estimates, designeffects, resampling, joint inclusion probabilities and linearization, even when the point estimator is not linear. It can be used to construct confidence intervals for a large class of sampling designs and estimators which are solutions of estimating equations. It can be used for means, regressions coefficients, quantiles, totals or counts even when the population size is unknown. It can be used with large sampling fractions and naturally includes calibration constraints. It can be viewed as an extension of the empirical likelihood approach to complex survey data. This approach is computationally simpler than the pseudoempirical likelihood and the bootstrap approaches. The simulation study shows that the confidence interval proposed may give better coverages than the confidence intervals based on linearization, bootstrap and pseudoempirical likelihood. Our simulation study shows that, under complex sampling designs, standard confidence intervals based on normality may have poor coverages, because point estimators may not follow a normal sampling distribution and their variance estimators may be biased.
Fluvial sedimentation in a salt‐controlled mini‐basin: stratal patterns and facies assemblages, Sivas Basin, Turkey
Authors: Ribes Charlotte , Kergaravat Charlie , Bonnel Cédric , Crumeyrolle Philippe , Callot Jean‐Paul , Poisson André , Temiz Haluk , Ringenbach Jean‐Claude 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe Sivas Basin, located on the Central Anatolian Plateau in Turkey, is an elongate Oligo‐Miocene basin that contains numerous salt‐walled mini‐basins. Through field analysis, including stratigraphic section logging, facies analysis and geological mapping, a detailed tectono‐stratigraphic study of the Emirhan mini‐basin and its 2·6 km thick sediment fill has been undertaken. Three main palaeoenvironments are recognized – playa‐lake, braided stream and lacustrine – each corresponds to a relatively long‐lived depositional episode within a system that was dominated overall by the development of a distributive fluvial system. At local scale, this affects the geometry of the succession and influences facies distributions within preserved sequences. Sequences affected by wedge geometries are characterized by localized channelized sandstone bodies in the area of maximum subsidence and these pass laterally to floodplain mudstone towards the diaper; several internal unconformities are recognized. By contrast, sequences affected by hook geometries display narrow and steep drape‐fold geometries with no evidence of lateral facies change and apparent conformity in the preserved succession. The sediment fill of the Emirhan mini‐basin records the remobilization of diapir‐derived detritus and the presence of evaporitic bodies interbedded within the mini‐basin, implying the growth of salt walls expressed at the surface as palaeo‐topographic highs. The mini‐basin also records the signature of a regional change in stratigraphic assemblage, passing from playa‐lake facies to large‐scale highly amalgamated fluvial facies that represent progradation of the fluvial system. The initiation and evolution of this mini‐basin involves a variety of local and regional controls. Local factors include: (i) salt withdrawal, which influenced the rate and style of subsidence and consequently temporal and spatial variation in the stratigraphic assemblage and the stratal response related to halokinesis; and (ii) salt inflation, which influenced the topographic expression of the diapirs and consequently the occurrence of diapir‐derived detritus intercalated within the otherwise clastic‐dominated succession.
Participatory Practices in Organizations
Authors: Lee Caroline W. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe literature on participatory practices in organizations has been less coherent and more limited to subspecialties than the literature on bureaucracy in organizations – despite a number of celebrated studies of participation in 20th century American sociology. Due to the practical nature of participatory reforms and the ambiguity of participation as a concept, attempts to review participatory knowledge have a tendency to focus on refining definitions and clarifying frameworks within subfields. This article instead provides a broad thematic overview of three different types of research on participation in organizations, all critical to an understanding of today's dramatic expansion of participatory practices across a variety of organizations. Classic research studied participation as dynamic and central to organizational legitimacy. Institutional design research has focused on participation as a stand‐alone governance reform with promising empowerment potential, but mixed results in domains such as health care, environmental politics, and urban planning. Finally, recent research seeks to place participatory practices in the context of shifting relationships between authority, voice, and inequality in the contemporary era. The article concludes with suggestions for building on all three categories of research by exploring what is old and new in the 21st century's changing participatory landscape.
What is the KKK a Case Of? Extreme Cases as Analytic Device
Authors: Cunningham David , Madsen Rachel S. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSocial scientists frequently deploy extreme or rare cases as analytic devices to produce insight into broader social processes. Such a move requires that analysts understand what their object of inquiry is in fact “a case of.” Focusing on the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) as one emblematic instance of an extreme case, this article considers the stakes associated with casing decisions around rare and extreme phenomena. Interrogating how the KKK has been understood as both an object of inquiry (i.e. a case) and a signal of broader social processes (i.e. a variable), the discussion emphasizes how to view the associated literature to more reflexively examine the KKK, as well as gain more global insight into the value and cautions associated with using extreme cases to produce generalizable conclusions.
In Search Of True Things Worth Knowing: Considerations For A New Article Prototype
Authors: Tullett Alexa M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWithin social and personality psychology, the existing “old prototype” of a publishable article is at odds with new expectations for transparent reporting. If researchers anticipate having to report everything while continuing to aim for a research product that includes multiple studies, examining a novel effect, with only statistically significant results, this will have negative implications for initial decisions about what research to conduct. First, researchers will be discouraged from collecting additional data because this could potentially mar existing findings. Second, they will be discouraged from pursuing questions for which the answers are unknown, as this would be a waste if the results do not fit old‐prototype expectations. These practices undermine what seem to be two universal values within personality and social psychology: truth and interestingness. Suggestions for a “new prototype” that de‐emphasizes p‐value cutoffs, multiple studies, and novelty will be discussed with an eye toward encouraging research decisions that foster true and interesting findings.
Cognitive Dissonance in Groups
Authors: McKimmie Blake M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractCognitive dissonance theory, as originally set out by Festinger (), described dissonance as an intraindividual phenomenon in a social context. Much of the research on dissonance has focused on the intraindividual aspect of dissonance. The limited research that has looked at cognitive dissonance in groups has done so from a range of different perspectives. These perspectives seem to result in contradictory predictions about the role of social information on the arousal and reduction of cognitive dissonance, despite generally sharing a model of the social self based on, or consistent with, social identity theory (Tajfel, ). Thinking about how these group‐based models of cognitive dissonance fit together may better illuminate the nature of dissonance and also suggest productive avenues for research to integrate these various perspectives on dissonance.
A library of synthetic transcription activator‐like effector‐activated promoters for coordinated orthogonal gene expression in plants
Authors: Brückner Kathleen , Schäfer Petra , Weber Ernst , Grützner Ramona , Marillonnet Sylvestre , Tissier Alain 
Published: April 2015

SummaryA library of synthetic promoters containing the binding site of a single designer transcription activator‐like effector (dTALE) was constructed. The promoters contain a constant sequence, consisting of an 18‐base long dTALE‐binding site and a TATA box, flanked by degenerate sequences of 49 bases downstream and 19 bases upstream. Forty‐three of these promoters were sequenced and tested in transient assays in Nicotiana benthamiana using a GUS reporter gene. The strength of expression of the promoters ranged from around 5% to almost 100% of the viral 35S promoter activity. We then demonstrated the utility of these promoters for metabolic engineering by transiently expressing three genes for the production of a plant diterpenoid in N. benthamiana. The simplicity of the promoter structure shows great promise for the development of genetic circuits, with wide potential applications in plant synthetic biology and metabolic engineering.
Improved and versatile viral 2A platforms for dependable and inducible high‐level expression of dicistronic nuclear genes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Plucinak Thomas M. , Horken Kempton M. , Jiang Wenzhi , Fostvedt Jessica , Nguyen Sanh Tan , Weeks Donald P. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryA significantly improved viral 2A peptide system for dependable high‐level expression of dicistronic genes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has been developed. Data are presented demonstrating that use of an especially proficient ‘extended FMDV 2A’ coding region allows production of two independent protein products from a dicistronic gene with almost complete efficiency. Importantly, results are also presented that demonstrate the utility of this 2A system for efficient high‐level expression of foreign genes in C. reinhardtii, which has not previously been reliably achievable in this algal model system. To expand the versatility of the 2A expression system, a number of commonly used selectable marker proteins were assessed for their compatibility with the extended FMDV 2A peptide. Additional experiments demonstrate the feasibility and utility of 2A‐containing dicistronic systems that rely on a strong conditional promoter for transcriptional control and a low‐expression marker gene for selection. This strategy allows easy and efficient delivery of genes of interest whose expression levels require regulation either to mitigate potential toxicity or allow differential expression under controlled experimental conditions. Finally, as an additional practical demonstration of the utility of the extended FMDV 2A system, confocal fluorescence microscopy is used to demonstrate that native and foreign proteins of interest bearing post‐translational remnants of the extended FMDV 2A peptide localize correctly to various cellular compartments, including a striking demonstration of the almost exclusive localization of the Rubisco small subunit protein to the pyrenoid of the C. reinhardtii chloroplast in cells maintained under ambient CO2 concentrations.