bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Radiographic Bone Parameters Throughout the Surgical Lengthening and Deformity Correction of Extremities
Authors: Atanasov Nenad , Poposka Anastasika , Samardziski Milan , Kamnar Viktor 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Background: Radiographic examination of extremities in surgical lengthening and/or correction of deformities is of crucial importance for the assessment of new bone formation. The purpose of this study is to confirm the diagnostic value of radiography in precise detection of bone parameters in various lengthening or correction stages in patients treated by limb-lengthening and deformity correction.
Patients and Methods: 50 patients were treated by the Ilizarov method of limb lengthening or deformity correction at the University Orthopaedic Surgery Clinic in Skopje, and analysed over the period from 2006 to 2012. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 27 patients with limb-lengthening because of congenital shortening. The second group consisted of 23 patients treated for acquired limb deformities. The results in both groups were received in three stages of new bone formation and were based on the appearance of 3 radiographic parameters at the distraction/compression site.
Results: The differences between the presence of all radiographic bone parameters in different stages of new bone formation were statistically signficant in both groups, especially the presence of the cortical margin in the first group (Cochran Q = 34.43, df = 2, p = 0.00000). The comparative analysis between the two groups showed a statistically significant difference in the presence of initial bone elements and cystic formations only in the first stage.
Discussion and Conclusions: Almost no statistical significance in the differences between both groups of patients with regard to 3 radiographic parameters in 3 stages of new bone formation, indicates a minor influence of the etiopathogenetic background on the new bone formation in patients treated by gradual lengthening or correction of limb deformities.
History and Development of Anaesthesiology (With Resuscitation and Intensive Medicine) in the Republic of Macedonia
Authors: Sholjakova Marija , Nojkov Jordan , Nikolova-Todorova Zorka , Shosholcheva Mirjana , Kartalov Andrijan , Kuzmanovska Biljana 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Aim: To present a chronological overview of the most important events and actors that have marked the history of anaesthesiology and intensive treatment in R. Macedonia since its beginnings in the 1950s.
Method: Retrospective study based on archive materials, published literature and jubilee publications, as well as the memories of individuals who have worked in the field of anaesthesiology in the past period.
Results: Between the two World Wars the first anaesthesia procedures were handled by surgeons. After World War II, the development of anaesthesia in R. Macedonia could be divided into two periods: before 1965 and after 1965. Before 1965 anaesthesia was mainly given by technicians trained on courses, and after this year anaesthesiology was taken over by anaesthesiologists who had specialized at the Faculty of Medicine in Skopje. In 1985 the number of anaesthesiologists was 100, and today it exceeds 250. The most important figures in the history of Macedonian anaesthesiology are: Dr. Risto Ivanovski, who worked from 1954-78, and Prof. Dr. Vladimir Andonov, who worked as an anaesthesiologist from 1965-99. Both of them are doyens who contributed a lot to the development of the anaesthesiology service and education of anaesthesiologists in R. Macedonia. Intensive treatment had started in 1955, but in real terms it has been performed since 1966, when artificial ventilators were introduced. The modern Intensive Care Department was opened at the Surgical Clinic in 1995 and it was followed in other hospitals in the state. The Department of Anaesthesiology has existed since 1975, and it has made a huge contribution to the education of professionals who apply modern principles in emergency medicine and intensive care.
Conclusion: From modest beginnings in the 1950s, anaesthesiology today in R. Macedonia has developed well organized activity that successfully follow the trends of modern medicine in the field of anesthesiology, resuscitation, intensive care and pain treatment.
Seventy Years Since the Establishment of the Skopje Military Hospital, 1944-2014
Authors: Donev Doncho , Gligorov Ilija , Naumovski Andreja 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Aim: To present the phases and activities over the period of the existence and work of the Military Hospital in Skopje, from its establishment in 1944 to its transformation on 01.01.2010.
Methods: A retrospective study based on available archive materials, encyclopaedias and other sources of information and review of the relevant literature, and personal experiences, observations and memories of the authors and others.
Results: During the War of 1941-1945, the larger military units formed hospitals. On 15.11.1944, the hospital of the Headquarters of the People's Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Macedonia was moved from the village Gorno Vranovci to Skopje. The Military Hospital in Skopje received the status of permanent hospital of the 5th Army, and from 1945-1963 worked at the “Crescent” facility. After the earthquake in 1963, due to damage, it was partly moved to the hospital in Nish, and partly dispersed in pavilions. In 1971 a new military medical complex was put into operation, in which most belonged to the Military Hospital in Skopje. Until 1992 the military sanitation service was under the command of the then Yugoslav People's Army, and then was under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Defence of R. Macedonia. From 10.04.1992 to 2.06.1992 it served as a Military Hospital of the Army of R. Macedonia and then as the “Centre of Military Health Institutions” until 26.10.2001. Then it was renamed the Military Hospital of the Army of R. Macedonia until March 2008, when converted to the Ministry of Defence as “Military Health Service - Military Hospital”. On 01.01.2010 the Military Hospital was reshaped into: PHI Eighth of September City General Hospital, Skopje, and the Military Medical Centre.
Conclusion: The Military Hospital in Skopje over the period of its existence has been one of the key specialist-consultative and hospital facilities in the health system in R. Macedonia for providing health care to military beneficiaries and the civilian population.
Investing In Industrial-Technology Parks In City Development - A Cost-Benefit Analysis
Authors: Wojewnik-Filipkowska Anna , Kowalski Rafał 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Cities are growing both quantitatively and qualitatively. The quantitative development of a city can be identified with the spatial expansion and changes in the function of certain areas. The city's development, therefore, requires the reconstruction of the spatial layout, but also needs certain capital expenditures, as exemplified by industrial-technology parks (ITPs). ITPs are a combination of the infrastructure function and performance which enable the exchange of information between scientific organizations and entrepreneurs. They are, therefore, a pro-development component of the urban development strategy. The aim of the study is to identify and quantify selected costs and benefits, as well as estimate the effectiveness of establishing certain parks from the point of view of local government units.
Industry parks and technology parks are diverse entities. Their general characteristics and types, based on a review of domestic and foreign literature, are presented in the first part of the work justifying the study. The second part introduces the industrial-technology parks which are present in Poland. In the third part of the study, the specificity of assessing the effectiveness of an industrial-technology park is described. Finally, the fourth part includes an analysis of investing in selected industrial-technology parks; the analysis consists of three phases: the identification of industrial and technological parks, the verification of the industrial-technology park with the legal and practical definition, and cost-benefit analysis. According to the Polish Agency of Information and Foreign Investment (PAIiIZ), industrial-technology parks focus primarily on filling the space with commercially efficient companies using modern technologies, attracting investment and creating jobs. All of these factors are taken into account in the analysis. The analysis is carried out according to the methodology of cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of investment projects.
Despite the diversity and dynamics of the structural features of the parks, the analysis confirms that the investment of public funds in industrial and technological parks is generally efficient in terms of socio-economic development.
Quasi-Public Real Estate Within The City Of Wrocław
Authors: Hełdak Maria , Stacherzak Agnieszka , Więckowicz Zofia 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The study undertakes the subject of public shopping centers in Wrocław as representative of quasi-public space. Public space should enable public discussion, whereas the public events organized in malls have little to do with public debate. The users of shopping centers are usually consumers or business entities whose main goal is to improve the quality of their lives.
Public space should be available without any additional permission to use it. It should also be freely accessible and provide the opportunity for various people to congregate—this is seen as a positive feature of space that is worth visiting. Public space should also promote the notion of public property and encourage its users to express and exchange opinions. Contemporary malls serve as an attempt at providing a replacement for public space.
The study aims to represent the scale of shopping centers operating within the space of the city of Wrocław, the area they occupy and the economic consequences they entail for small entrepreneurs operating in the region where they exist.
Sex Differences in Lower Extremities Amputations in Patients with Diabetes - Five Year Nationwide Follow-Up Using Drg Data in Romania
Authors: Vereșiu Ioan Andrei , Bondor Cosmina , Iancu Silvia Ștefania 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Background and Aims. The present study represents the first nationwide evaluation of lower extremities amputations (LEA) in diabetes patients in Romania. Material and
Methods. We used the disease related groups (DRG) data provided by the National School for Public Health, Management and Health Education, for the years 2006-2010 and stratified according to diabetes type, sex and age group. Results. There were 16873 patients with diabetes who underwent a total number of 24312 non traumatic LEA. A total of 22.55% of the patients had type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and 70.26 % had type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The rate of amputations decreased in T1DM and increased in T2DM, especially in elderly people. Male-to-female ratio of amputations was ~2:1 in T1DM and ~2.4:1 in T2DM. The predictions for the number of amputation episodes was approximated by the regression line y=286.8x-572728 r=0.97, p=0.005, d=0.95 in men, and by y=91.1x- 181511, r=0.98, p=0.004, d=0.95 in women ( where x is years and y is number of amputation episodes). Conclusions. Identifying certain age and sex groups of patients with diabetes in whom higher increase of LEA rates are observed imposes a change of strategy concerning prevention and curative measures.
About symptoms of patients with post traumatic brain injury psychiatric sequels
Authors: Mittler-Matica Roxana 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Introduction: Because of high incidence, even if not permanently, some post traumatic brain injury (TBI) psychiatric sequels, are analysed. Material and methods: The paper refers to 1185 patients who were admitted to Section I Psychiatry, Neurology and Psychiatry Hospital, Oradea, during 2013 year. It was analysed the symptoms of those who suffered a TBI in the past; patients called: patients in the analysis group. The linear correlation coefficient was computed, in purpose to determine the relationship between duration relapses and number of symptoms. Results: It is observed a strong correlation between the years number of relapse (of post-TBI psychiatric disease) and the number of psychiatric symptoms associated. For 80% of psychiatric relapses after a TBI with loss of conscious (about patients in the analysis group), the TBI were suffered in infancy; such an incident in infancy may have severe influence on mental health. The psychiatric disease (for which they were admitted in hospital) worsened general health status at a percentage of 83.58% patients in the analysis group. The average by hospitalization days was 11.58; with approximation it was 12 days. Discussion: The most common symptoms of post-TBI psychiatric disease, which affects physical functionalities of patients in the analysis group, were: insomnia, fatigue, headache (64.66% have accused insomnia; 41.18% have accused weakness and / or fatigue; 33.34% have accused headache). Average by age of the patients in the analysis group with reduced instincts was 45.08 years. Women patients preserve better the instincts excepting defense instinct which diminishes more often compared to men patients in the analysis group.
Pituitary apoplexy: clinical features, management and outcome. Clinical study and review of the literature
Authors: Solomon Adriana Elena , Tataranu Ligia , Ciubotaru Vasile , Gorgan Mircea Radu 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackground: Pituitary apoplexy is a clinical syndrome secondary to rapid expansion of the content of the sella and extension to suprasellar region, cavernous sinus, sphenoid sinus secondary to a bleeding, ischemic or mixed episode taking place in a pituitary adenoma. This episode will determine a significant compression of the optic nerves, optic chiasm, cavernous sinus and hypothalamus, which translates clinically most often by headache, visual disturbances, deceased level of consciousness and ophthalmoplegia. Material and methods: This paper presents a retrospective study over a period of five years, from January 2009 to December 2013 and includes 98 patients diagnosed with pituitary apoplexy and treated in the Third Department of Neurosurgery, Emergency Clinical Hospital Bagdasar-Arseni. Of the 98 patients, 62 were females (63.3 %) and 36 were males (36.7 %) with a ratio of female to male of 1.7:1. The patients were aged between 17 and 75 years old, average age being approximately 50 years. Follow-up period ranged from 2 months to 5 years. The main symptomsat presentation was sudden, intense headache, this symptom was encountered in 90 patients (91.83%), vomiting showed by 76 patients (77.55%), decreased visual acuity observed in 57 patients (58.16%), visual field deficits in 74 patients (75.51%), cranial nerves palsy (III, IV, VI) observed in 14 patients (14.28 %). Conclusions: Pituitary apoplexy is a disease that can endanger patients' lives. The clinical presentation may vary from minor symptoms to major neurological deficits and even death so early diagnosis and treatment are vital.
Delayed deterioration following the evacuation of posterior fossa extradural hematoma
Authors: Agrawal Amit , Kumar S. Satish , V. Umamaheswara Reddy 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
A missed or delayed detection of intracranial injuries can lead to progressive neuronal damage and secondary brain damage. We present a case of 45 year female presented 8 after the road traffic accident and had a large posterior extradural hematoma on left side with mass effect. In addition there was a small speck of right frontal contusion with localized cerebral edema. The patient initially improved after evacuation of the hematoma. However on 3rd post-operative day she was complaining of headache and became progressively drowsy. A follow up CT scan showed increase in peri-lesional edema around the right frontal contusion with squashing of the lateral ventricles suggestive of diffuse cerebral edema. The patient was shifted back to intensive care unit and responded well to further conservative management. In our patient the events could be collaborated well with existing evidence (presence of contrecoup contusion and on clinical deterioration at day 3).
Theoretical Analysis of Occupational Development Aspects from the Viewpoint of the Personality’s Constant Individual Traits Concept
Authors: Wilsz Jolanta 
Published: May 2015

Abstract The concept of personality’s constant individual traits and its significance, as well as implications for problems connected with choosing an occupation have been presented in the paper. Selected theories of occupational development have been analyzed from the concept viewpoint and certain traits of occupational personality presented by authors of occupational development theories have been confronted with constant individual traits of personality. Six types of J. Holland’s occupational personality (i.e. realistic, investigative, artistic, social. industrious and conventional) have been analyzed. The number of kinds of each type has been calculated, after considering constant individual traits of personality. It has been concluded that due to constant individual traits of personality the processes connected with choosing an occupation should be highly individualised. Possibility of applying the concept to preparing a list of occupations and typology of occupational careers has been pointed out. Including constant individual traits of personality among basic determinants of occupational success has been suggested.
Training of Masters in Philology in Ukraine and Abroad: Search for Educational Strategies
Authors: Semenog Olena 
Published: May 2015

Abstract The paper outlines the modernization experience of philology Master programs in Ukraine, the USA, Poland and Russia. It has been proved that the Masters’ training is on the search educational strategies phase, which allows to form a single educational space on the principles of internationalization, institutionalization, integration, cultural convergence, common goals and values. An important field of Masters’ training is a competency-based approach. It is based on the idea of flexibility, variability of programs, and profiling, philological integration with other humanities, criteria, standards and principles of improving the quality of education. Attention is focused on the formation of constructive-technological, operational, educational, reflective, educational, qualimetric and creative skills of future teachers. Among the perspective forms of education lecture is distinguished as it is focused on the co-creation and co-thinking of lecturer and students, monographic lectures. Among innovative teaching methods and assessment of Master training are selected case-method, cluster, reference compendium, portfolio, performance tests. The variability of final work is defined as an effective way of learning individualization. It has been proved that the result of Master’s training should be the specialist with a high level of social maturity, active citizenship, education, culture and responsibility for his professional and scientific activity.
Content Peculiarities of Bachelors’ in English Language and Literature Training at Universities of Switzerland Confederation
Authors: Baranovska Lilia , Zasluzhena Alla 
Published: May 2015

Abstract The article is devoted to the content-analysis of peculiarities of Bachelors’ in the English language and literature training at Swiss universities. It has been revealed that domestic scientists have not paid special attention to this problem as the issues of future teachers’ training and future foreign languages teachers’ training in foreign universities, in particular in Germany, USA, Finland, Mexico, Great Britain, Hungary and Japan have been more studied. The study of curricula at Swiss universities under conditions of credit-modular organization of educational process, which affects the structure of the content, choice of forms and methods of teaching and assessing students' academic achievements has allowed us to conclude that the student learning is based on the multicultural, competent and communicative approaches. English language learning in the context of general linguistic picture of the world, its style and dialect importance is content particularity of this training. The communicative aspect of English study by Bachelors first appears in content acquirement of subjects “Exploring Sociolinguistics”, “Sociophonetics”. English is taught in the context of its understanding as a means of interaction under conditions of educational and cultural integration of the nations and a means of constructive polylogue in the country, that represents multicultural vector of bachelors’ training in philology. The experience of Swiss universities can be adopted by native universities to create a multicultural and communicative personality of a future philologist.
Professional Training of the Unemployed: Foreign and Native Tendencies
Authors: Voliarska Olena 
Published: May 2015

Abstract The article summarizes foreign and native tendencies in modern adult education. Their impact on the renovation of training the unemployed in Ukraine has been analyzed. It has been established that the system of adult training must meet the socio-economic, political and cultural changes in Ukraine. It has been indicated that defined tendencies should be considered when developing a strategy to modernize our system of training the unemployed. It has been pointed out that the organization and improvement of training the unemployed are caused by the interaction of three blocks: governance, social protection against unemployment, education market. Organized professional training in the employment sphere provides for developed infrastructure, which covers a range of organizations and agencies providing educational services and close cooperation of training with directions of socio-economic and educational policy. The role of the State Employment Service of Ukraine in professional training for the unemployed has been defined. Activities of specialists in professional training for adults is built according to the short-term and long-term forecasting and analytical-predictive control based on the world’s economic, cultural and educational tendencies. Based on the theoretical analysis of foreign and native scientists’ works we have concluded that the main tendencies include proper educational tendencies and extra educational tendencies caused by global processes in the world, the problems of humanity, the growing role of education in the development of social consciousness in the professional development of modern competitive specialist
Approaches to Training Teachers of Adults in the UK
Authors: Chychuk Vadym 
Published: May 2015

Abstract The article deals with the theoretical foundations of teacher training for adult students in the UK. It has been found out that the system of adult education is based on the andragogical approach that reveals patterns, psychological and pedagogical factors of effective learning. In applying the andragogical approach to adult education the following factors contribute to the learning process improvement: considering the motivation of adult learning, defining educational interests and needs of each adult student, the choice made by andragogue of the learning strategies and techniques designed to increase the professional level of adult education, practical implementation of knowledge and experience acquired by adult students in training process, taking into account the individual characteristics of each participant in the learning process, the desire to cooperate with the teacherandragogue. The theoretical basis of this process is the science of andragogics. It has been revealed that when working with an adult student, the following approaches are used: traditional didactic, problem-search, facilitating that are focused on the content and the learning process. Author determined specific approaches used in the UK for teaching adults, namely active, institutional, competence, synergy and others.