bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression analysis of MND1/GAJ, SPATA22, GAPDHS and ACR genes in testicular biopsies from non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) patients
Authors: Dorosh Andriy , Tepla Olina , Zatecka Eva , Ded Lukas , Koci Karel , Peknicova Jana 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundHigh-throughput studies provide a wide spectrum of genes for use as predictive markers during testicular sperm extraction (TESE) in combination with ICSI. In this work, we used the specimens from testicular biopsies of men with non-obstructive azoospermia who underwent TESE to investigate the expression of spermatogenesis-related genesMND1, SPATA22, GAPDHSandACR.MethodsTesticular biopsy specimens were subdivided into three groups: hypospermatogenesis (HS); maturation arrest (MA); and Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCO). The levels of expression of the spermatogenesis-related genesMND1, SPATA22, GAPDHSandACRin the testes were compared among these three groups using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique.ResultsAnalysis of the expression of spermatogenic genes in human testes with abnormal spermatogenesis showed different expression patterns in patients from different groups. Fertilization rate for studied set of patients was 66% and pregnancy rate 29%. For HS group fertilization rate was 72% and pregnancy rate 32%, while for MA group fertilization and pregnancy rates were 54% and 26%, respectively. Fertilization rates in relation to the studied genes were uniformly around 70%, pregnancy rates for ACR and GAPDHS genes were surprisingly low at 6% and 8% correspondingly.ConclusionsAnalysis of the expression of genes involved in spermatogenesis can be a fast additional test for the level of spermatogenesis in testicular samples.
Are employability skills learned in U.S. youth education and training programs?
Authors: Lerman Robert I 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Skills are a central source of high productivity and economic well-being. But what do we mean by productive skills? Both with regard to measurement and policy, the primary focus in the U.S. has been on academic skills, as measured by tests of reading, writing and math abilities and by educational attainment, including degrees completed. However, a new consensus is emerging that an array of non-academic skills and occupational skills may be at least as important for labor market success. After reviewing the evidence on respective roles of various types of skills required by employers, this paper examines the skill-enhancing effects of several youth programs and demonstrations, with an emphasis on how well these efforts raise non-academic skills directly through purposeful activities or indirectly as a result of other employment-enhancing services.

JEL codes

I28, J08, J24
DOUBLE PESPECTIVES: Multimodal degree projects and society
Authors: Danielsson Helena 
Published: May 2013

The aim of this article is to highlight the experiences from a research project that studied the use of multimodal forms in degree projects. A visual representation and a written report were presented. Phenomena that occurred in the process are discussed. The article focuses on parts
that were conducted in the field of Art Education and uses, by way of example, two degree projects, both of which had disabilities and the inclusion of the disabled as their theme. Participants chose a museum to exhibit their finished projects, to share ideas with the community, and to inspire
the industry of pedagogy. The study looked especially at design theory and a socio-cultural view of learning; further, research into visual literacy, media literacy and media reception was used. Using the results, I describe various aspects of tutoring, thesis presentation in a public venue,
and the significance of feedback from a student perspective
Syftet med denna artikel är att belysa erfarenheter från ett forskningsprojekt som studerat användningen av multimodala former i examensarbeten. En visuell representation och en skriftlig rapport presenterades.
Fenomen som inträffade i processen diskuterades. Artikeln fokuserar på en delstudie genomförd inom ämnet bild och använder som exempel, två examensarbeten där funktionshinder och integration av funktionshindrade varit tema. Ett museum valdes för att
visa upp de färdiga projekten, utbyta pedagogiska idéer med det omgivande samhället, och för att inspirera branschen. Studien relaterade särskilt till designteori och en sociokulturell syn på lärande, vidare användes forskning om ´visual literacy´,
mediekunskap och mediereception. Utifrån resultaten beskrivs olika aspekter av handledning, presentation av examensarbete på en offentlig plats och betydelsen av återkoppling (feedback) - diskuterade ur ett studentperspektiv.
REVIEWS
Authors: Thomas Niall , Oliver Rowan 
Published: May 2013

THE ART OF RECORD PRODUCTION: AN INTRODUCTORY READER FOR A NEW ACADEMIC FIELD, SIMON FRITH AND SIMON ZAGORSKI-THOMAS (2012) Farnham: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 301 pp., ISBN: 978-1-4094-0678-5, p/bk, £19.99
GROOVE MUSIC: THE ART AND CULTURE OF THE HIP-HOP DJ, MARK KATZ (2012)
New York: Oxford University Press, 333 pp., ISBN: 978-0-19-533111-0, h/bk, £60.00
Subcutaneous hydrocortisone administration for emergency use in adrenal insufficiency
Authors: Hahner Stefanie , Burger-Stritt Stephanie , Allolio Bruno 
Published: May 2013

ObjectiveEvaluation of the pharmacokinetics and safety of s.c. hydrocortisone injection for use in adrenal emergency.DesignSingle-center, open-label, sequence-randomized, crossover study in a tertiary care center.Patients and methodsTwelve patients with chronic Addison's disease. Comparison of hydrocortisone pharmacokinetics after s.c. and i.m. injection (100 mg) and after s.c. administration of sodium chloride (0.9%) respectively at three different visits.Main outcome measure: maximum serum cortisol (Cmax), time to Cmax (tmax), and time to serum cortisol >36 μg/dl (tserum cortisol >36 μg/dl) after s.c. administration compared with i.m. administration, safety, and patient preference.ResultsSerum cortisol increased rapidly and substantially after both i.m. and s.c. injections (Cmax: 110±29 vs 97±28 μg/dl, P=0.27, tmax: 66±51 vs 91±34 min, P=0.17, and tserum cortisol >36 μg/dl: 11±5 vs 22±11 min, P=0.004 respectively). Both i.m. and s.c. injections were well tolerated. Eleven (91.7%) patients preferred s.c. injection, whereas one patient did not have any preference.ConclusionsS.c. administration of 100 mg hydrocortisone shows excellent pharmacokinetics for emergency use with only a short delay in cortisol increase compared with i.m. injection. It has a good safety profile and is preferred by patients over i.m. injection.
The Life Table and Parasitism Rate of Diadegma insulare (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) Reared on Larvae of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), with Special Reference to the Variable Sex Ratio of the Offspring and Comparison of Jackknife and Bootstrap Techniques
Authors: Ebrahimi Morteza , Sahragard Ahad , Talaei-Hassanloui Reza , Kavousi Aurang , Chi Hsin 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The life table and parasitism rate of Diadegma insulare (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a larval parasitoid of the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), were studied at 25 ± 1°C, 65 ± 10% RH, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L: D) h. The data were analyzed based on the age-stage, two-sex life table theory. Because the sex ratio of offspring varies with the age of the female parent, we used only female offspring to calculate the intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), net reproductive rate (R0), and mean generation time (T) by using the jackknife technique, the values of which were 0.18407 d-1, 1.2021 d-1, 17.94 offspring, and 15.69 d, respectively. We also calculated these parameters by using bootstrap technique. They were not significantly different from those estimated by using the jackknife technique. We included both male and female offspring in the calculation of the parasitism rate. The net parasitism rate (C0) was 42.63 aphids. Moreover, population projection showed differences between simulated population based on total offspring and female offspring. Because both the offspring sex ratio and the parasitism rate depend on female age, it is necessary to use the age-stage, two-sex life table for a correct analysis. Frequency of the net reproductive rate estimated by using bootstrap technique fit normal distribution well, whereas frequency data estimated by using jackknife technique failed the normality test. We suggest that the jackknife technique should not be used for the estimation of population parameters.
A New Species of Anevrina from Baltic Amber (Diptera: Phoridae)
Authors: Brown Brian V 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
A new fossil species of the genus Anevrina Lioy is described from 40 million-year-old Baltic amber. It differs from the only other described fossil species of this genus, Anevrina oligocoenica Brues, by the setation of the tibiae and the structure of the male genitalia. The new species is most similar to the extant Anevrina olympiae (Aldrich), from which it differs by the darker color and details of the male genitalia.
Wolbachia wsp Gene Clones Detect the Distribution of Wolbachia Variants and wsp Hypervariable Regions Among Individuals of a Multistrain Infected Population of Diabrotica barberi (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Roehrdanz Richard L , Sears Wichmann Sheila G 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The northern corn rootworm (Diabrotica barberi Smith & Lawrence) in eastern and central North America exhibits at least three distinct populations with respect to Wolbachia infection: uninfected, singly infected, and multiply infected. The infected states are associated with different mtDNA haplotypes and reduced mtDNA variability. The previous results demonstrated that the major mtDNA clades of D. barberi were infected with different variants of Wolbachia; however, the total amount of Wolbachia diversity was substantially underestimated. Here we report sequences of the Wolbachia wsp surface protein gene indicating that multiple infections are present. Analysis of the wsp sequences establishes the existence at least five distinct wsp variants. The recovery frequency of specific wsp hypervariable regions (HVR) obtained from several individuals was unequal. The most common was obtained 33 times, the least common only once. One of the Wolbachia variants was present in both singly infected and multiply infected individuals. A possible explanation for the frequency differences are that the frequency of each variant is not the same within each insect. An alternative possibility is that not all individuals are infected with all five variants and that different animals contain different combinations of the variants. The second scenario suggests that some variants are rare in the population. Comparisons of the wsp genes with sequences in GenBank show that two of the variants are most similar to variants infecting subspecies of the congeneric western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte and Diabrotica virgifera zeae Krysan & Smith). Individual wsp HVRs were also aligned with GenBank sequences. The results provide evidence that some HVRs are much more common than others and that the HVRs can be shuffled to create new wsp genes.
Biology and Potential Host Range of Pediobius ni (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) as a Novel Resident Parasitoid of Light Brown Apple Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in California
Authors: Wang Xin-Geng , Levy Karmit , Daane Kent M 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Pediobius ni Peck (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is a eulophid parasitoid indigenous to North America that was found attacking the invasive light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in California. We investigated host age suitability, fecundity, and temperature-dependent developmental time for P. ni as a parasitoid of E. postvittana. Parasitoid offspring survival was higher on E. postvittana presented as prepupa or young pupa (&lt;3 d old) than older pupa (&gt;3d old), and P. ni would not attack mature E. postvittana larva. Parasitoid developmental time increased with advanced host age. At 24°C, P. ni parasitized 6.8 ± 0.7 hosts, and produced 119.5 ± 16.8 offspring during a 21.5 2± 3.0 d adult lifetime when provided food and host pupae. The developmental rate of P.ni was a positive linear relationship between 15–28°C, but it failed to develop at constant temperatures &gt;29°C. The estimated lower developmental threshold is 13.0°C, and degree-day requirements (DD) are 278 DD. As a comparison of host species suitability, P.ni was tested with obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae); navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae); omnivorous leafroller, Platynota stultana Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae); orange tortrix, Argyrotaenia franciscana (Walsingham) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae); and peach twig borer, Anarsia lineatella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). The parasitoid readily attacked all tested host species; percentage parasitism was lower on A. lineatella than on A. transitella, P. sultana, and C. rosaceana, but similar among the other tested species. Clutch size generally increased with host size, but percentage adult emergence and sex ratio was not affected by host species. Exposure of hosts to multiple P.ni increased the numbers of emerged wasps per parasitized host without obvious costs to offspring fitness.
Instar Determination of Blaptica dubia (Blattodea: Blaberidae) using Gaussian Mixture Models
Authors: Wu Hao , Appel Arthur G , Hu Xing Ping 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Instar determination is fundamental to both basic entomological research and its application. The cockroach, Blaptica dubia Serville (Blattodea: Blaberidae), is a popular pet and an excellent feeder insect for many reptiles and amphibians. A new method using Gaussian mixture models to determine the number of instars in this species is developed. Application of the method is illustrated by analysis of data collected on B. dubia. The analysis indicates that there are seven instars in B. dubia and that the growth ratio follows the Brooks—Dyar rule. The growth ratio of pronotal length, pronotal width, and head width are 1.26, 1.24, and 1.19, respectively. Because B. dubia shares a similar growth pattern with other paurometabolous insects, this method may be applicable to other species as well.
Molecular-Phylogenetic Characterization of Arrestin-2 from Maruca vitrata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Authors: Chang J-C , Ramasamy S 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Most physiological processes to external stimulants rely upon intracellular signal transduction mediated by ligand binding of G-protein-coupled receptors. The G-protein signaling pathway is deactivated by arrestin-2 binding, which is indispensable for receptor internalization and recycling. We identified the full-length cDNA encoding arrestin-2 in Maruca vitrata F. using rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The open reading frame of MaviArr2 is 1,221 bp in length, encoding 407 amino acids. The alignment of the known arrestin-2 amino acid sequences from other insects revealed that MaviArr2 has the highest similarity (98.8%) to the monarch butterfly, but shows low homology (53.9–60.7%) with ants and bees. A certain number of highly conserved protein-binding motifs were identified from the deduced MaviArr2 amino acids, demonstrating their function as receptor deactivators in signal transduction pathways in cells. The genomic DNA sequence of MaviArr2, amplified by polymerase chain reaction, is 1,779 bp in size and is composed of six exons. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay demonstrated a relatively higher expression of MaviArr2 mRNA in the late pupal stages, suggesting multiple developmental functions. Phylogenetic analysis showed the lepidopteran arrestin-2 protein sequence is closely related to that of Diptera, but distant from Hymenoptera arrestin-2. Intraspecific genomic sequence comparisons of MaviArr2 show a greater conservation of the gene in M.vitrata from Africa than those from geographical locations in Asia. These findings are a significant step forward in our understanding of arrestin-2 gene architecture and functions, which may provide a possibility to manage M.vitrata through molecular and phylogenetic techniques.
Decidability for some justification logics with negative introspection
Authors: Studer Thomas 
Published: May 2013

AbstractJustification logics are modal logics that include justifications for the agent's knowledge. So far, there are no decidability results available for justification logics with negative introspection. In this paper, we develop a novel model construction for such logics and show that justification logics with negative introspection are decidable for finite constant specifications.
Topological dynamics and definable groups
Authors: Pillay Anand 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe give a commentary on Newelski's suggestion or conjecture [8] that topological dynamics, in the sense of Ellis [3], applied to the action of a definable groupG(M) on its “external type space”SG.ext(M), can explain, account for, or give rise to, the quotientG/G00, at least for suitable groups inNIPtheories. We give a positive answer for measure-stable (orf sg) groups inNIPtheories. As part of our analysis we show the existence of “externally definable” generics ofG(M) for measure-stable groups. We also point out that forGdefinably amenable (in aNIPtheory)G/G00can be recovered, via the Ellis theory, from a natural Ellis semigroup structure on the space of globalf-generic types.
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in acute brain trauma
Authors: Park B.-N. , Yoon J.-K. , An Y.-S. 
Published: May 2013

SummaryAim: This study was performed to evaluate the effects of intravenously transplanted rat bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) in an acute brain trauma model using serial 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in rat models. Animals, methods: Trauma models were made using a controlled cortical impact injury device. The stem cell treatment group was treated with intravenous injections of BMSCs, and models without stem cell therapy comprised the control group. Serial 18F-FDG PET images were obtained 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after trauma. The difference in 18F-FDG uptake between day 1 and each time point after trauma was analyzed with SPM2 (uncorrected p < 0.005). Results: The stem cell treatment group demonstrated significantly higher 18F-FDG uptake in the right parietal region at 14 days after trauma than at 1 day after trauma. An increase in glucose metabolism in the right parietal cortex appeared on days 21 and 28 after trauma in the group without stem cell treatment. The 18F-FDG uptake in the brain was improved over a broader area, including the right parietal and right primary somatosensory cortex, on days 21 and 28 after trauma in the stem cell treatment group compared with the group without stem cell treatment. Conclusion: BMSC therapy in trauma models led to improved glucose metabolism. This result might support the therapeutic effect of stem cells in brain trauma.
Systemic Sclerosis in Canada’s North American Native Population: Assessment of Clinical and Serological Manifestations
Authors: Bacher Adrienne , Mittoo Shikha , Hudson Marie , Tatibouet Solène ,   the Canadian Scleroderma Research Group, Baron Murray 
Published: May 2013

Objective.Certain North American Native (NAN) populations are known to have higher rates of systemic sclerosis (SSc) compared to non-NAN; however, little is known of the specific disease characteristics in this population in Canada. This study compares the clinical and serological manifestations of SSc in NAN and white patients.Methods.This cross-sectional, multicenter study included subjects enrolled in the Canadian Scleroderma Research Group registry between September 2004 and June 2012. Subjects were evaluated with complete medical histories, physical examinations, and self-questionnaires. Ethnicity was defined by self-report. Disease characteristics were compared between NAN and white patients and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the independent association between ethnicity and various clinical manifestations.Results.Of 1278 patients, 1038 (81%) were white, 71 (6%) were NAN, and 169 (13%) were classified as non-white/non-NAN. There were important differences between NAN and white subjects with SSc. In multivariate analysis adjusting for socioeconomic differences and smoking status, NAN ethnicity was an independent risk factor for the severity of Raynaud phenomenon and more gastrointestinal symptoms, and was associated with a nonsignificant increase in the presence of digital ulcers.Conclusion.NAN patients with SSc have a distinct clinical phenotype. Our study provides a strong rationale to pursue further research into genetic and environmental determinants of SSc.
Deux décennies de recherche en neuroscience : avancées et perspectives
Authors: Schiffmann Serge N. 
Published: May 2013

Le décodage du fonctionnement cérébral et les résolutions et traitement des maladies neuro-psychiatriques qui constituent de loin le plus large panel de pathologies humaines sont les moteurs de la recherche en Neuroscience. Au cours des deux dernières décennies, les progrès dans cette discipline ont été considérables. Ils ont été le résultat, entre autres raisons, d’avancées technologiques majeures et d’une intégration multidisciplinaire de plus en plus étroite. Pour aborder le challenge de synthétiser les avancées les plus spectaculaires en Neuroscience, nous avons délibérément choisi trois domaines et exemples spécifiques que sont les mécanismes moléculaires et cellulaires de la plasticité cérébrale, la neurobiologie des cellules souches neurales, cellules souches embryonnaires et cellules souches pluripotentes induites et leurs applications ; et l’étude des fonctions cognitives par la neuro-imagerie. Nous terminons par une note sur l’optogénétique, déclarée “ Method of the Year 2010 ” par la revue Nature .
De la symbolisation primaire à la symbolisation secondaire
Authors: Golse Bernard 
Published: May 2013

Après avoir resitué la question de l’absence et de la présence de l’objet au regard de la psychanalyse et de la théorie de l’attachement, l’auteur évoque ensuite les processus de symbolisation qui peuvent se faire soit en l’absence, soit en présence de l’objet, avant de présenter l’hypothèse d’un gradient spatio-temporel de symbolisation permettant de faire une place à la question de l’écart. En effet, la question n’est pas seulement celle de la symbolisation de l’objet absent ou présent, mais aussi celle de sa symbolisation par le bébé en temps direct ou en temps différé, et parfois à distance, juste à ses côtés. Que cet écart soit spatial (comme dans « la capacité d’être seul en présence de l’objet » décrite par D.W. Winnicott), temporel (comme dans les « boucles de retour » décrites par G. Haag), ou spatio-temporel, la symbolisation qui s’y trouve mise en jeu renvoie sans doute davantage à une identité de perception (« équation symbolique d’H. Segal) qu’à une identité de pensée au sens de la symbolisation secondaire.
Réflexions sur le statut de l'analyste dans la cure des adolescents
Authors: Gutton Philippe 
Published: May 2013

La meilleure reconnaissance et repérage des deux lignes de force des processus d’adolescence infantile et pubertaire permettent de définir un espace intermédiaire ou transitionnel (D. W. Winnicott). Le psychanalyste a une place d’interprète de l’intrication de ces deux fonctionnements, on dirait aussi de traducteur. Il ne doit être ni complice de la métamorphose pubertaire ni porte-parole de l’infantile sur le modèle parental.