bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation function of thin-shell operators
Authors: Chen Bin , Liu Yuefeng , Yu Boyang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this study, we explore the correlation functions of thin-shell operators, represented semiclassically by a homogeneous, thin interface of dust particles. Employing the monodromy method, we successfully compute the contribution from the Virasoro vacuum block and present the monodromy equation in a closed form without assuming the probe limit. Although an analytical solution to the monodromy equation remains difficult, we demonstrate that it is perturbatively solvable within specific limits, including the probe limit, the heavy-shell limit, and the early-time limit. Moreover, we compare our results with gravitational calculations and find precise agreement. We strengthen our findings by proving that the thermal correlation functions in gravity, after an inverse Laplace transformation, satisfy the field theory’s monodromy equation. Additionally, we identify an infinite series of unphysical solutions to the monodromy equation and discuss their potential geometrical duals.
Risk factors for malalignment after intramedullary nail treatment of distal tibia fractures with associated fibula fractures
Authors: Chaudhry Yash P. , Gutierrez-Naranjo Jose M. , Raad Micheal , Ghanem Diane , Salazar Luis M. , Goodrum Jason T. , Luksameearunothai Kitchai , Zelle Boris A. , Hasenboehler Erik A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Malalignment of distal tibia fractures can lead to malunion/nonunion or alter the limb mechanical axis which may cause arthritis. Proposed methods to decrease malalignment include fibular fixation or multiplanar interlocking screws, however these remain controversial. This study aimed to identify factors associated with malalignment in distal tibial fractures with associated fibular shaft fractures.

Methods
A retrospective review was performed of distal tibia fractures with associated fibular shaft fractures treated with intramedullary nailing at two level one trauma centers between 2015 and 2019. Cases involving malalignment (> 5° of deviation from anatomic axis on either coronal/sagittal axis) on final follow-up (minimum three months postoperatively) were compared to those without malalignment with regard to demographics, fracture characteristics, intraoperative characteristics, and complications.

Results
The rate of malalignment was 13%. On multivariate analysis, multiplanar distal interlocking screw fixation (odds ratio [OR], 0.18; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.03–0.92) was associated with a decreased rate of final malalignment, while nail diameter > 10 mm was associated with a higher rate (OR, 4.05; 95% CI 1.25–13.11). Fibular fixation was not associated with malalignment.

Conclusion
Multiplanar distal interlocking screws may protect against malalignment. Fibula fixation does not appear associated with a decreased rate of malalignment in distal tibia fractures treated with intramedullary nails.

Level of Evidence
III.
Monophyly and re-definition of the Indo-Pacific scorpionfish genus Parascorpaena Bleeker 1876 (Scorpaenidae)
Authors: Cabebe-Barnuevo Roxanne , Mochizuki Kentaro , Motomura Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA review of the validity of morphological traits defining the scorpionfish genus Parascorpaena Bleeker 1876 resulted in the re-identification of Parascorpaena bandanensis (Bleeker 1851) as Sebastapistes strongia (Cuvier 1829), reducing the number of valid species of Parascorpaena from nine to eight. A modified definition of Parascorpaena, based on morphological characters observed among the valid species, includes: usually complete lateral line, continuing onto the caudal-fin base; second to fifth or sixth pectoral-fin rays branched; usually two or three suborbital spines; body covered with cycloid scales; lower jaw slightly shorter than upper jaw; palatine teeth present; villiform teeth on upper jaw; distinct posterior lacrimal ridge instead of a developed spine; simple anterior and posterior lacrimal spines without additional spinous points; and a posterior lacrimal spine (PLS) oriented strongly forward, with smaller specimens exhibiting ventral orientation with anterior curvature, and those smaller than 20 mm standard length with the PLS oriented postero-ventrally. A concatenated phylogenetic tree constructed using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI), 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S rRNA), and recombination activating gene 1 (RAG1) markers, demonstrated the monophyletic nature of Parascorpaena. In addition, molecular analysis placed Parascorpaena closer to a group represented by Sebastapistes mauritiana (Cuvier 1829) within the paraphyletic Sebastapistes Gill in Streets 1877.
Integrative single-cell and bulk transcriptome analyses identify a distinct pro-tumor macrophage signature that has a major prognostic impact on glioblastomas
Authors: Li Peilin , Su Guolei , Cui Yinglin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is a highly heterogeneous disease with poor clinical outcomes. To comprehensively dissect the molecular landscape of GBM and heterogeneous macrophage clusters in the progression of GBM, this study integrates single-cell and bulk transcriptome data to recognize a distinct pro-tumor macrophage cluster significantly associated with the prognosis of GBM and develop a GBM prognostic signature to facilitate prior subtypes. Leveraging glioma single-cell sequencing data, we identified a novel pro-tumor macrophage subgroup, marked by S100A9, which might interact with endothelial cells to facilitate tumor progression via angiogenesis. To further benefit clinical application, a prognostic signature was established with the genes associated with pro-tumor macrophages. Patients classified within the high-risk group characterized with enrichment in functions related to tumor progression, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition and hypoxia, displays elevated mutations in the TERT promoter region, reduced methylation in the MGMT promoter region, poorer prognoses, and diminished responses to temozolomide therapy, thus effectively discriminating between the prognostic outcomes of GBM patients. Our research sheds light on the intricate microenvironment of gliomas and identifies potential molecular targets for the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
Nest-site selection of Eurasian Curlew (Numenius arquata) in the centre of its European range: adaptation to local macrohabitat factors
Authors: Obłoza Przemysław , Krupiński Dominik , Kasprzykowski Zbigniew 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The most important cause of the declining numbers of wading birds is a combination of habitat loss and degradation, as well as low productivity due to predation. Knowledge of the habitat requirements of this endangered group of species is critical for maintaining and restoring suitable breeding habitats. The aim of this paper is to characterize those habitat components of the Eurasian Curlew (Numenius arquata) which determine its choice of nesting site. This study was undertaken in three sites in Poland, the most important breeding areas of this species in this country. Our results showed that macrohabitat factors affect curlew nest-site selection in different ways. The most important ones were distance to a forest edge, the percentage cover of managed farmland in the vicinity and the number of farmland plots close to the nest. Other habitat components, such as distance to scattered trees, distance to roads and soil category, were of lesser importance and could be treated as localized. This study is a contribution to the knowledge of the Eurasian Curlew’s nest-site selection in farmland grasslands, which may have implications for its conservation.
Influencer-Centered Accounts of Manipulation
Authors: Werner Micha H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAdvances in science and technology have added to our insights into the vulnerabilities of human agency as well as to the methods of exploiting them. This has raised the stakes for efforts to clarify the concept and ethics of manipulation. Among these efforts, Robert Noggle’s influencer-centered account of manipulation has been most significant. He defines manipulative acts as those whereby an agent intentionally influences a recipient’s attitudes so that they do not conform as closely as they otherwise would to the pertinent norms and ideals endorsed by the influencer. This provides a relatively simple and in many ways clear definition of manipulation. It sidesteps thorny debates about autonomy, freedom, or practical rationality. It also promises to reveal a conceptual parallel between manipulating and lying, and thus to explain why manipulation is pro tanto wrong. In one respect, however, the account remains ambiguous: It remains unclear whether, and to what extent, it requires that influencers’ beliefs about what is ideal for their recipients to be grounded in some effort on the part of the influencer to identify with or take on the role of her recipient. This paper explains this ambiguity. It argues that influencer-centrism cannot remain indifferent to the validity of an agent’s beliefs about the ideal state of the recipient and provide an identification requirement that would render the whole account plausible and sufficiently determinate.
Assessment of cranial reconstruction utilizing various implant materials: finite element study
Authors: Shash Yomna H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe human head can sometimes experience impact loads that result in skull fractures or other injuries, leading to the need for a craniectomy. Cranioplasty is a procedure that involves replacing the removed portion with either autologous bone or alloplastic material. While titanium has traditionally been the preferred material for cranial implants due to its excellent properties and biocompatibility, its limitations have prompted the search for alternative materials. This research aimed to explore alternative materials to titanium for cranial implants in order to address the limitations of titanium implants and improve the performance of the cranioplasty process. A 3D model of a defective skull was reconstructed with a cranial implant, and the implant was simulated using various stiff and soft materials (such as alumina, zirconia, hydroxyapatite, zirconia-reinforced PMMA, and PMMA) as alternatives to titanium under 2000N impact forces. Alumina and zirconia implants were found to reduce stresses and strains on the skull and brain compared to titanium implants. However, PMMA implants showed potential for causing skull damage under current loading conditions. Additionally, PMMA and hydroxyapatite implants were prone to fracture. Despite these findings, none of the implants exceeded the limits for tensile and compressive stresses and strains on the brain. Zirconia-reinforced PMMA implants were also shown to reduce stresses and strains on the skull and brain compared to PMMA implants. Alumina and zirconia show promise as alternatives to titanium for the production of cranial implants. The use of alternative implant materials to titanium has the potential to enhance the success of cranial reconstruction by overcoming the limitations associated with titanium implants.
Graphical Abstract
Internet and Gambling: Insights from Australia’s NBN Rollout
Authors: Ackermann Klaus , Awaworyi Churchill Sefa , Munyanyi Musharavati Ephraim 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Gambling is a well-known leisure activity that leads to significant consequences when consumed excessively. We provide an analysis of the impact of access to faster and more reliable internet connection on gambling. We rely on variations in the rollout of Australia’s largest infrastructure project, National Broadband Network (NBN) installation, to measure internet speed at the postcode level. Using gambling data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey, we find that access to high-speed internet is associated with a decline in gambling proxied by the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI). However, a closer look at the various forms of gambling show that internet speed is associated with an increase in online-based gambling activities, which constitute a relatively small proportion of gambling activities that Australians participate in. In contrast, internet speed is associated with a decline in venue-based gambling activities, which constitute a large proportion of gambling activities that occur in Australia, and therefore explains the overall negative effect on gambling. We find that social capital and cognitive functioning are channels through which internet speed influences gambling.
Comparison of flexibility models for the multibody simulation of compliant mechanisms
Authors: Sorgonà Orazio , Cirelli Marco , Giannini Oliviero , Verotti Matteo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a comparison among different flexibility models of elastic elements to be implemented in multibody simulations of compliant mechanisms. In addition to finite-element analysis and a pseudo-rigid body model, a novel matrix-based approach, called the Displaced Compliance Matrix Method, is proposed as a further flexibility model to take into account geometric nonlinearities. According to the proposed formulation, the representation of the elastic elements is obtained by resorting to the ellipse of elasticity theory, which guarantees the definition of the compliance matrices in diagonal form. The ellipse of elasticity is also implemented to predict the linear response of the compliant mechanism. Multibody simulations are performed on compliant systems with open-loop and closed-loop kinematic chains, subject to different load conditions. Beams with uniform cross-section and initially curved axis are considered as flexible elements. For each flexibility model, accuracies of displacements and rotations, and computational time, are evaluated and compared. The numerical results have been also compared to the data obtained through a set of experimental tests.
Occurrence, serotypes and virulence characteristics of Shiga toxin-producing and Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from dairy cattle in South Africa
Authors: Olawole Alaba S. , Malahlela Mogaugedi N. , Fonkui Thierry Y. , Marufu Munyaradzi C. , Cenci-Goga Beniamino T. , Grispoldi Luca , Etter Eric M. C. , Tagwireyi Whatmore M. , Karama Musafiri 
Published: August 2024

AbstractShiga toxin-producing and Enteropathogenic Escherichiacoli are foodborne pathogens commonly associated with diarrheal disease in humans. This study investigated the presence of STEC and EPEC in 771 dairy cattle fecal samples which were collected from 5 abattoirs and 9 dairy farms in South Africa. STEC and EPEC were detected, isolated and identified using culture and PCR. Furthermore, 339 STEC and 136 EPEC isolates were characterized by serotype and major virulence genes including stx1, stx2, eaeA and hlyA and the presence of eaeA and bfpA in EPEC. PCR screening of bacterial sweeps which were grown from fecal samples revealed that 42.2% and 23.3% were STEC and EPEC positive, respectively. PCR serotyping of 339 STEC and 136 EPEC isolates revealed 53 different STEC and 19 EPEC serotypes, respectively. The three most frequent STEC serotypes were O82:H8, OgX18:H2, and O157:H7. Only 10% of the isolates were classified as “Top 7” STEC serotypes: O26:H2, 0.3%; O26:H11, 3.2%; O103:H8, 0.6%; and O157:H7, 5.9%. The three most frequent EPEC serotypes were O10:H2, OgN9:H28, and O26:H11. The distribution of major virulence genes among the 339 STEC isolates was as follows: stx1, 72.9%; stx2, 85.7%; eaeA, 13.6% and hlyA, 69.9%. All the 136 EPEC isolates were eaeA-positive but bfpA-negative, while 46.5% carried hlyA. This study revealed that dairy cattle are a major reservoir of STEC and EPEC in South Africa. Further comparative studies of cattle and human STEC and EPEC isolates will be needed to determine the role played by dairy cattle STEC and EPEC in the occurrence of foodborne disease in humans.Please kindly check and confirm the country and city name in affiliation [6].This affiliation is correct.Please kindly check and confirm the affiliationsConfirmed. All Affiliations are accurate
Distinguishing sets of strong recurrence from van der Corput sets
Authors: Mountakis Andreas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSets of recurrence, which were introduced by Furstenberg, and van der Corput sets, which were introduced by Kamae and Mendés France, as well as variants thereof, are important classes of sets in Ergodic Theory. In this paper, we construct a set of strong recurrence which is not a van der Corput set. In particular, this shows that the class of enhanced van der Corput sets is a proper subclass of sets of strong recurrence. This answers some questions asked by Bergelson and Lesigne.
On uncommon systems of equations
Authors: Kamčev Nina , Liebenau Anita , Morrison Natasha 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA linear system L over $$\mathbb{F}_{q}$$

F

q

is common if the number of monochromatic solutions to L = 0 in any two-colouring of $$\mathbb{F}_{q}^{n}$$

F

q

n

is asymptotically at least the expected number of monochromatic solutions in a random two-colouring of $$\mathbb{F}_{q}^{n}$$

F

q

n

. Motivated by existing results for specific systems (such as Schur triples and arithmetic progressions), as well as extensive research on common and Sidorenko graphs, Saad and Wolf recently initiated the systematic study of common systems of linear equations.Building upon earlier work of Cameron, Cilleruelo and Serra, as well as Saad and Wolf, common linear equations have recently been fully characterised by Fox, Pham and Zhao, who asked about common systems of equations. In this paper we move towards a classification of common systems of two or more linear equations. In particular we prove that any system containing an arithmetic progression of length four is uncommon, resolving a question of Saad and Wolf. This follows from a more general result which allows us to deduce the uncommonness of a general system from certain properties of one- or two-equation subsystems.
Accident or abuse? Differential diagnosis of contact burns from radiators/heaters in children
Authors: Amadasi A. , Schönfeld C. , Etzold S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractContact burns in children are not uncommon and are often due to accidental contact. Medico-legal assessment is of paramount importance in these contexts to identify cases of abuse. In three cases of burns caused by contact with radiators or a portable heater -two accidental and one deliberate- thorough medico-legal assessment, combined with on-site event reconstruction, enabled accurate diagnoses. Accidental burns displayed a ‘pattern’ compatible with the incandescent instrument but were more irregular, with different depths and in different parts of the body. In contrast, intentional burns were uniform in depth, distribution and localisation, inconsistent with accidental events. In this context, the on-site inspection and direct evaluation of the objects involved were crucial in the medico-legal assessment. These are indispensable elements for a thorough analysis and abuse recognition.
Structural credit risk models with stochastic default barriers and jump clustering using Hawkes jump-diffusion processes
Authors: Pasricha Puneet , Selvamuthu Dharmaraja , Tardelli Paola 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper derives a closed-form expression for the default probability and the default correlation of firms under a structural model of credit risk. Specifically, the underlying firms are assumed to have the value process driven by a Hawkes jump-diffusion model with the continuous parts of the trajectories being driven by correlated Brownian motions, while the jumps being driven by Hawkes processes having general structure of the exciting functions. The proposed framework takes into account the numerically observed facts about the default, i.e., clustering and unexpectedness. Furthermore, the default barriers are assumed to be stochastic in nature and modeled as stochastic processes, affected by common factors reflecting the systematic risk. A sensitivity analysis of default probability and correlation is conducted to investigate the impact of jump risk, clustering, and stochastic default barriers. These numerical studies demonstrate that jump clustering increases the default probability but reduces the correlation of defaults.
KG-CFSA: a comprehensive approach for analyzing multi-source heterogeneous social network knowledge graph
Authors: Akinnubi Abiola , Alassad Mustafa , Amure Ridwan , Agarwal Nitin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Analyzing opinions, extracting and modeling information, and performing network analysis in online information studies are challenging tasks with multi-source social network data. This complexity arises from the difficulty in harnessing data across various platforms and the absence of a unified data modeling approach. Although social network analysis has used a multiplex approach to study complex networks, no previous work has integrated data from multiple social networks, knowledge graph fusion, and contextual focal structure analysis (CFSA) for an online study. This study has developed a multi-source graph model and applied a Cartesian merge to model relations across multiple documents, entities, and topics. We improved the information modeled with third-party data sources such as WikiData and DiffBot. This approach has created a multiplex network instance for CFSA detection, incorporating topic-topic, entity-entity, and document-document models. We applied this method to a dataset from the Indo-Pacific region and identified 40,000 unique focal sets of influential topics, entities, and documents. The top sets discussed economics, elections, and policies such as the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework, Ekonomi baru, #NKRIHargaMati, #IndonesiaJaya, and the Xinjiang Supply Chain. Our model tracks information spread across multiple social media platforms and enhances the visibility of vital information using various relationships. The results underscore the effectiveness of KG-CFSA in contextualizing large-scale information from multiple sources.
Computing the Mittag-Leffler function of a matrix argument
Authors: Cardoso João R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIt is well-known that the two-parameter Mittag-Leffler (ML) function plays a key role in Fractional Calculus. In this paper, we address the problem of computing this function, when its argument is a square matrix. Effective methods for solving this problem involve the computation of higher order derivatives or require the use of mixed precision arithmetic. In this paper, we provide an alternative method that is derivative-free and works entirely using IEEE standard double precision arithmetic. If certain conditions are satisfied, our method uses a Taylor series representation for the ML function; if not, it switches to a Schur-Parlett technique that will be combined with the Cauchy integral formula. A detailed discussion on the choice of a convenient contour is included. Theoretical and numerical issues regarding the performance of the proposed algorithm are discussed. A set of numerical experiments shows that our novel approach is competitive with the state-of-the-art method for IEEE double precision arithmetic, in terms of accuracy and CPU time. For matrices whose Schur decomposition has large blocks with clustered eigenvalues, our method far outperforms the other. Since our method does not require the efficient computation of higher order derivatives, it has the additional advantage of being easily extended to other matrix functions (e.g., special functions).