bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Podeželski turizem in socialni kapital v Sloveniji (primer vasi v Občini Cerkno) // Rural tourism and social capital in Slovenia (an example of villages in the Municipality of Cerkno)
Authors: Mavri Renata , Černič Istenič Majda 
Published: January 2015

V prispevku predstavljamo dejavnike razvoja podeželskega turizma v Sloveniji na primeru izbranih vasi v Občini Cerkno. Zanimalo nas je, ali je razvoj podeželskega turizma povezan s socialnim kapitalom in ali se potencial naravnih in kulturnih znamenitosti lahko realizira preko socialnega kapitala. Preučevanje je temeljilo na analizi sekundarnih virov, pol-strukturiranih intervjujev, anketne raziskave in rezultatov delavnice z nosilci razvoja podeželja na obravnavanem območju. Ugotavljamo, da naravne in kulturne znamenitosti niso zadosten pogoj za razvoj podeželskega turizma brez sodelovanja njegovih prebivalcev z drugimi akterji na mikro, mezo in makro ravni.The paper presents the case study of rural tourism development in selected villages in the Municipality of Cerkno situated in the western part of Slovenia. The main focus of the study was to found out whether the development of rural tourism is associated with social capital and whether the potential of natural and cultural attractions can be realized through social capital. The analysis was based on secondary sources, semi-structured interviews, survey and workshop with stakeholders of rural development in this area. The study shows that natural and cultural heritage sites are not a sufficient condition for the development of rural tourism when the participation of local people with other actors at the micro, mezzo and macro level is missing.
A Longitudinal Pilot Study of Depressive Symptoms in Concussed and Injured/Nonconcussed National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Student-Athletes
Authors: Roiger Trevor , Weidauer Lee , Kern Bryce 
Published: January 2015

Context:
Depression, which affects millions of Americans each year, among them collegiate student-athletes, can be caused by a wide range of circumstances, including sport-related injuries.

Objective:
To longitudinally examine the extent to which National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I student-athletes demonstrated postinjury depressive symptoms.

Design:
Descriptive epidemiologic study.

Setting:
National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I collegiate athletics.

Patients or Other Participants:
Concussed, injured/nonconcussed, and healthy Division I collegiate student-athletes (aged 18–22 years) competing in men's basketball, football, and wrestling and women's basketball, soccer, and volleyball.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Participants completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale at baseline and at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postinjury. We measured differences in depressive scores among concussed, injured/nonconcussed, and healthy participants. Longitudinal changes in postconcussion depressive symptoms were also examined.

Results:
No differences in baseline depressive symptoms among subgroups were noted. After an increase between baseline and 1 week (4.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.41, 8.16, P = .02), depressive symptoms in the concussion group decreased between 1 week and 1 month (−2.7, 95% CI = −4.96, −0.47, P = .01) and between 1 week and 3 months (−4.0, 95% CI = −6.50, −1.49, P = .004). The injured/nonconcussed group showed differences between baseline and 1 week (4.6, 95% CI = 1.08, 8.17, P = .009) and between baseline and 1 month (3.2, 95% CI = −0.05, 6.30, P = .03). No significant differences were present in depressive symptoms between concussed participants and injured/nonconcussed participants at any of the postinjury time points.

Conclusions:
Depression may present as a postinjury sequela in Division I collegiate athletes. Athletes who sustain a concussion or other injury resulting in time lost from practice or competition need to be observed carefully for signs and symptoms that may indicate depression. Tools such as the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale can be valuable in helping clinicians to recognize and manage depressive symptoms in these individuals.
Predictors of Well-Being in Resident Physicians: A Descriptive and Psychometric Study
Authors: Kassam Aliya , Horton Joan , Shoimer Ilya , Patten Scott 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Background
It is important to describe the characteristics of well-being in resident physicians to develop resident wellness initiatives in postgraduate medical education.

Objective
To characterize the predictors of well-being in resident physicians by assessing personal and work-related burnout, work dissatisfaction, nutritional needs while on call, and sleep needs while on call.

Methods
We set up an online survey in 2012 to collect data from current residents at the University of Calgary in Canada. The WHO-Five Well-Being Index, personal and work-related subscales of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, questions on work dissatisfaction, as well as sleep and nutrition management needs while on call, were used in the survey. Descriptive statistics, univariate analysis, and linear regression were applied to the data.

Results
The survey response rate was 45% (317 of 706) of eligible residents, with a mean age of 30.9 years (SD  =  4.3). Fifty-three percent (168 of 317) of residents had a well-being score of 13 or less, indicating poor mental well-being. There were significant differences between men and women with respect to personal burnout (47.9 versus 54.2, P  =  .002) and work-related burnout (46.4 versus 50.4, P  =  .008). The only significant predictors of well-being overall were personal burnout and work dissatisfaction.

Conclusions
Survey results suggest that a high proportion of residents at this institution have low well-being. This study did not find work-related burnout to be a significant predictor of well-being, after adjustment for other variables.
Relationship Between the Number of Residency Applications and the Yearly Match Rate: Time to Start Thinking About an Application Limit?
Authors: Weissbart Steven J. , Kim Soo Jeong , Feinn Richard S. , Stock Jeffrey A. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Background
There has been an increase in the number of applications medical students have submitted for the National Residency Matching Program (NRMP). These additional applications are associated with significant costs and may contribute to match inefficiency.

Objective
We explored if match rates improved in years when an increased number of applications were submitted.

Methods
We analyzed yearly published data from the NRMP and the Electronic Residency Application Service for 13 specialties. A generalized linear model was used to assess the relationship between the annual match rate and the mean number of applications submitted per applicant, while controlling for the number of positions available and the number of applicants in the given year.

Results
Over the last 13 years there has been an increase in the mean number of applications submitted per applicant (P &lt; .001). For the 13 assessed medical specialties, there was no statistically significant relationship between the mean number of applications per applicant per year submitted to the NRMP, and the annual match rate (odds ratios near 1.00 and nonsignificant, P values &gt; .05).

Conclusions
There was no improvement in the match rate in years when medical students submitted an increased number of applications. Therefore, it would appear that the applicants do not benefit from the larger number of applications submitted. Further study is required to assess the cost and benefit of these additional applications.
Results of a Formal Mentorship Program for Internal Medicine Residents: Can We Facilitate Genuine Mentorship?
Authors: Cohee Brian M. , Koplin Stephen A. , Shimeall William T. , Quast Timothy M. , Hartzell Joshua D. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Background
Mentorship programs are perceived as valuable, yet little is known about the effect of program design on mentoring effectiveness.

Intervention
We developed a program focused on mentoring relationship quality and evaluated how subsequent relationships compared to preexisting informal pairings.

Methods
Faculty members were invited by e-mail to participate in a new mentoring program. Participants were asked to complete a biography, subsequently provided to second- and third-year internal medicine residents. Residents were instructed to contact available mentors, and ultimately designate a formal mentor. All faculty and residents were provided a half-day workshop training, written guidelines, and e-mails. Reminders were e-mailed and announced in conferences approximately monthly. Residents were surveyed at the end of the academic year.

Results
Thirty-seven faculty members completed the biography, and 70% (26 of 37) of residents responded to the survey. Of the resident respondents, 77% (20 of 26) chose a formal mentor. Of the remainder, most had a previous informal mentor. Overall, 96% (25 of 26) of the residents had identified a mentor of some kind compared to 50% (13 of 26) before the intervention (P &lt; .001), and 70% (14 of 20) who chose formal mentors identified them as actual mentors. Similar numbers of residents described their mentors as invested in the mentorship, and there was no statistical difference in the number of times mentors and mentees met.

Conclusions
Facilitated selection of formal mentors produced relationships similar to preexisting informal ones. This model may increase the prevalence of mentorship without decreasing quality.
Leonard Roberts, The Farmer-Lewis-Muncy Family, and the Magic Circle of the Mountain Märchen (American Folklore Society Fellows Invited Plenary Address, October 2008)
Authors: Lindahl Carl 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This address—presented at the American Folklore Society’s 2008 Annual Meeting in Louisville, Kentucky—celebrates the narrators and narratives recorded by Kentucky folklorist Leonard Roberts (1912–1983) and commemorates Roberts’s first audio folktale recording, a 1949 performance of “Merrywise” by Janie Muncy (now Margarett Jane Muncy Fugate). The narrator’s memories and interpretations reveal mountain märchen telling as three continuous arcs: the forestory (the pool of previous images, tellers, and stories that frame the tale), the performance (the tale itself in the moment of oral creation), and the understory (the tale as re-created simultaneously and lived inside the listener). The performance is the only audible arc in this three-part circle of narration: each telling inspires an understory, which then becomes the unheard script for the forestory that shapes the next performance. Through saturation fieldwork and by coming together with performers and collectors—as on the occasion of this address—folklorists attain greater understanding of the dynamics of the full narrative circle.
Kita and Kosmos: The Poetics of Ornamentation in Bosniac and Homeric Epic
Authors: Elmer David F. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Milman Parry recorded detailed interviews with Bosniac singers of oral epic. Based on an analysis of these recordings, this article extends Parry’s comparison of poetic form in Bosniac and Homeric epic to examine the internal aesthetic criteria of these traditions. The comparison hinges on the similarity of the Bosniac notion of kita, which refers to the ornamental, descriptive details of a song, and the Homeric notion of kosmos, which refers to the orderly arrangement of details. These concepts are similar insofar as each involves the negotiation of the relationship between a notional reality in the past and the representation of that reality in epic song. The ways in which both traditions address this relationship point to the importance of concrete imagery for the stability of memory in oral tradition.
The Shared Cataloging System of the Ohio College Library Center
Authors: Kilgour Frederick G. , Long Philip L. , Landgraf Alan L. , Wyckoff John A. 
Published: January 2015

Development and implementation of an off-line catalog card production system and an on-line shared cataloging system are described. In off-line production, average cost per card for 529,893 catalog cards in finished form and alphabetized for filing was 6.57 cents. An account is given of system design and equipment selection for the on-line system. File organization and programs are described, and the on-line cataloging system is discussed. The system is easy to use, efficient, reliable, and cost beneficial.
Computer-Based Subject Authority Files at the University of Minnesota Libraries
Authors: Grosch Audrey N. 
Published: January 2015

A computer-based system to produce listings of topical sub;ect terms and geographically subdivided terms is described. The system files and their associated listings are called the Subject Authority File (SAF) and the Geographic Authority File (GAF). Conversion, operation, problems, and costs of the system are presented. Details of the optical scanning conversion, with illustrations, show the relative ease of the technique for simple upper case data files. Program and data characteristics are illustrated with record layouts and sample listings.
Vaccines of the basic scheme for the first year of life late in northeastern brazilian city
Authors: Cavalcante Conceição Ceanny Formiga Sinval , Martins Maria do Carmo de Carvalho e , Araújo Telma Maria Evangelista de , Nunes Benevina Maria Vilar Teixeira , Moura Maria Eliete Batista , Moita Neto José Machado 
Published: January 2015

Objetivo:Avaliar o cumprimento do calendário básico de vacinação de crianças no primeiro ano de vida assistidas por equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família em um município do nordeste brasileiro. Método: Estudo descritivo transversal com amostra probabilística proporcional constituída por 184 crianças. A carteira de vacinação foi utilizada como fonte de informação. Resultado: Vacinação em 100% das crianças foi encontrada apenas para a vacina BCG (contra a tuberculose) e primeira dose da vacina contra hepatite B. As menores proporções de crianças vacinadas foram encontradas para a tríplice viral (81,6%), vacina contra rotavírus (82,3%) e vacina pneumocócica (85,2%). Conclusão: Maiores atrasos na realização das vacinas foram encontrados para a vacina contra febre amarela, tríplice viral e vacina contra rotavírus. Descritores: Vacinas, Calendário de vacinação, Cuidado do lactente.
Health education and humanized practice of nursing at intensive care units: bibliometric study
Authors: Da Silveira Rodrigo Euripedes , Contim Divanice 
Published: January 2015

OBJETIVO:Abordar a participação do Enfermeiro enquanto principal cuidador e educador em saúde inserido na UTI. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo de recorte transversal (2003-2010), enquanto Investigação Bibliométrica realizada nas bases de dados LILACS e MEDLINE. RESULTADOS: As publicações ocorreram predominantemente nos estados do Rio de Janeiro e Paraná, na base LILACS (80%), com autores enfermeiros (87%) e doutores (32%). A humanização na UTI é uma tarefa complexa por vários motivos, como elevado número de atividades que o enfermeiro executa na UTI, reduzindo seu tempo de convívio com paciente e familiares, bem como para um treinamento adequado de sua equipe. CONCLUSÃO:Ainda é incipiente a abordagem destes temas na literatura, sobremaneira aqueles que associam educação em saúde e humanização à prática do enfermeiro trabalhador de UTI, constituindo-se em um relevante e ainda inexplorado campo de investigação.DESCRITORES: Enfermagem, Educação em Saúde, Humanização da Assistência, UTI.
Hydrogenations at Room Temperature and Atmospheric Pressure with Mesoionic Carbene‐Stabilized Borenium Catalysts
Authors: Eisenberger Patrick , Bestvater Brian P. , Keske Eric C. , Crudden Cathleen M. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract1,2,3‐Triazolylidene‐based mesoionic carbene boranes have been synthesized in a convenient one‐pot protocol from the corresponding 1,2,3‐triazolium salts, base, and borane. Borenium ions are obtained by hydride abstraction and serve as catalysts in mild hydrogenation reactions of imines and unsaturated N‐heterocycles at ambient pressure and temperature.
Single‐Entity Heparan Sulfate Glycomimetic Clusters for Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Tyler Peter C. , Guimond Scott E. , Turnbull Jeremy E. , Zubkova Olga V. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractHeparan sulfate (HS) is a highly sulfated glycosaminoglycan with a variety of critical functions in cell signaling and regulation. HS oligosaccharides can mimic or interfere with HS functions in biological systems; however, their exploitation has been hindered by the complexity of their synthesis. Polyvalent displays of small specific HS structures on dendritic cores offer more accessible constructs with potential advantages as therapeutics, but the synthesis of single‐entity HS polyvalent compounds has not previously been described. Herein we report the synthesis of a novel targeted library of single‐entity glycomimetic clusters capped with varied HS saccharides. They have the ability to mimic longer natural HS saccharides in their inhibition of the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) protease BACE‐1. We have identified several single‐entity HS clusters with IC50 values in the low‐nanomolar range. These HS clusters are drug leads for AD and offer a novel framework for the manipulation of heparan sulfate–protein interactions in general.
Total Synthesis of Trioxacarcin DC‐45‐A2
Authors: Nicolaou K. C. , Cai Quan , Qin Bo , Petersen Mette T. , Mikkelsen Remi J. T. , Heretsch Philipp 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAn enantioselective total synthesis of trioxacarcin DC‐45‐A2 (1) featuring a novel Lewis acid‐induced cascade rearrangement of epoxyketone 6 to forge the polyoxygenated 2,7‐dioxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane core of the molecule is described.
Light‐Induced Protein Dimerization by One‐ and Two‐Photon Activation of Gibberellic Acid Derivatives in Living Cells
Authors: Schelkle Korwin M. , Griesbaum Tristan , Ollech Dirk , Becht Steffy , Buckup Tiago , Hamburger Manuel , Wombacher Richard 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe developed a highly efficient system for light‐induced protein dimerization in live cells using photo‐caged derivatives of the phytohormone gibberellic acid (GA3). We demonstrate the application of the photo‐activatable chemical inducer of dimerization (CID) for the control of protein translocation with high spatiotemporal precision using light as an external trigger. Furthermore, we present a new two‐photon (2P)‐sensitive caging group, whose exceptionally high two‐photon cross section allows the use of infrared light to efficiently unleash the active GA3 for inducing protein dimerization in living cells.
Perspectives in Chemistry—Aspects of Adaptive Chemistry and Materials
Authors: Lehn Jean‐Marie 
Published: January 2015

AbstractChemistry, pure and applied, is a science and an industry. By its power over the expressions of matter, it also displays the creativity of art. It has expanded from molecular to supramolecular chemistry and then, by way of constitutional dynamic chemistry, towards adaptive chemistry. Constitutional dynamics allow for adaptation, through component exchange and selection in response to physical stimuli (e.g. light, photoselection), to chemical effectors (e.g. metal ions, metalloselection) or to environmental effects (e.g. phase change) in equilibrium or out‐of‐equilibrium conditions, towards the generation of the best‐adapted/fittest constituent(s) in a dynamic set. Such dynamic systems can be represented by two‐dimensional or three‐dimensional dynamic networks that define the agonistic and antagonistic relationships between the different constituents linked through component exchange. The introduction of constitutional dynamics into materials science opens perspectives towards adaptive materials and technologies, presenting attractive behavioral features (such as self‐healing). In particular, dynamic polymers may undergo modification of their properties (mechanical, optical, etc.) through component exchange and recombination in response to physical or chemical agents. Constitutional adaptive materials open towards a systems materials science and offer numerous opportunities for soft‐matter technologies.
Ion and Molecular Recognition Using Aryl–Ethynyl Scaffolding
Authors: Vonnegut Chris L. , Tresca Blakely W. , Johnson Darren W. , Haley Michael M. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe aryl–ethynyl linkage has been extensively employed in the construction of hosts for a variety of guests. Uses range from ion detection (e.g., of metal cations in the environment or industrial waste and of anions prevalent in nature), to molecular mimics for biological systems, and to applications targeting future safety issues (such as CO2 capture and indicators for the manufacture of chemical weapons). This Focus Review examines the utilization of the aryl–ethynyl linkage in engineering host molecules for a variety of different guests, and how the alkyne unit plays an integral part as both a rigid scaffolding section in host geometry design as well as a linker to allow conjugative communication between discrete π‐electron systems.
Leader‐Following Output Synchronization for a Class of Uncertain Nonlinear Multi‐Agent Systems Under Uniformly Connected Network
Authors: Li Ranran 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIn this paper we study the cooperative global output regulation problem of a class of uncertain nonlinear multi‐agent systems under dynamic network topology. Distributed dynamic observers are introduced to estimate the states of the leader system or the called exosystem. Furthermore, we propose a multi‐channel input version of the changing supply rate theorem, through which the changing supply rate technique can be applied to the subsystem with multiple channels of the control inputs, and therefore control laws can be designed in a fully distributed way. As opposed to the existing results, in the current paper we allow the communication network topology to be uniformly connected. Finally, we apply our result to a group of well‐known Lorenz systems.
Synthesis of 3′‐Fluoro‐tRNA Analogues for Exploring Non‐ribosomal Peptide Synthesis in Bacteria
Authors: Iannazzo Laura , Laisné Guillaume , Fonvielle Matthieu , Braud Emmanuelle , Herbeuval Jean‐Philippe , Arthur Michel , Etheve‐Quelquejeu Mélanie 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAminoacyl‐tRNAs (aa‐tRNAs) participate in a vast repertoire of metabolic pathways, including the synthesis of the peptidoglycan network in the cell walls of bacterial pathogens. Synthesis of aminoacyl‐tRNA analogues is critical for further understanding the mechanisms of these reactions. Here we report the semi‐synthesis of 3′‐fluoro analogues of Ala‐tRNAAla. The presence of fluorine in the 3′‐position blocks Ala at the 2′‐position by preventing spontaneous migration of the residue between positions 2′ and 3′. NMR analyses showed that substitution of the 3′‐hydroxy group by fluorine in the ribo configuration favours the S‐type conformation of the furanose ring of terminal adenosine A76. In contrast, the N‐type conformation is favoured by the presence of fluorine in the xylo configuration. Thus, introduction of fluorine in the ribo and xylo configurations affects the conformation of the furanose ring in reciprocal ways. These compounds should provide insight into substrate recognition by Fem transferases and the Ala‐tRNA synthetases.