bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved Producibility after Delayed Filter Cake Breaker Treatment in the Safaniya Offshore Field in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Zubail M. A. , Al-Kuait A. M. , Al-Yateem K. S. , El Bialy M.. , Maghrabi S.. , Olivares T.. , Ezell R. G. 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Safaniya is one of largest offshore oil fields located north of Dhahran in Saudi Arabia. It is 50 km by 15 km in size and began production in 1956. Lately, a few wells drilled in this field showed reservoir damage where the production dropped or the well had no flow. Workover operations were performed on six wells and two new wells were drilled. For all eight wells, 6⅛-in. laterals were drilled through the reservoirs with an engineered invert emulsion drilling fluid (RDF). The RDF design was controlled to ensure an acid-soluble, thin, external filter cake with no fines invasion. The vulnerability of the filter cake to be attacked by the acid was fundamental to this RDF design. A delayed filter cake breaker fluid was then designed for use on the 6⅛-in. laterals; this fluid consisted of an organic acid precursor (OAP) and a water wetting additive. The OAP released acid in a delayed manner, whereas the water wetting additive made the oil-based filter cake water wet, to make it vulnerable to acid attack. With this approach, the filter cake was removed uniformly in all subject laterals across the reservoir. The production data on the eight wells treated with the OAP show an improved oil production rate of more than 4,000 B/D for six of the eight wells, which exceeds the key performance indicator (KPI) set for the laterals. In previous years from 2005-10, the six workover wells showed, on average, very low oil production rates (OPR) comparatively. In addition, after the OAP treatment, these six wells show higher well flow head pressures than in 2005–10. The water cut percentage on these laterals was 0 or less than 1, compared to 2005–10, when the water cut percentage varied from 8% to 50% for these workover wells. This paper discusses the workover operation of the six wells and the drilling and delayed stimulation treatment on two new wells in the Safaniya field, including laboratory evaluation, field application and production data.
Results from a Pilot Water Flood of the Magwa Marrat Reservoir and Simulation Study of a Sector Model contribute to understanding of Injectivity and Reservoir Characterization
Authors: Al-Kandari I.. , Al-Jadi M.. , Lefebvre C.. , Vigier L.. , De Medeiros M.. , Dashti H. H. , Knight R.. , Al-Qattan A.. , Chimmalgi V. S. , Datta K.. , Hafez K. M. , Turkey L.. , Bond D. J. 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
A pilot water flood was carried out in the Marrat reservoir in the Magwa Field. The main aim of this pilot was to allow an assessment of the ability to sustain injection, better understand reservoir characteristics. A sector model was built to help with this task.
An evaluation of the injectivity in Magwa Marrat reservoir was performed with particular attention to studying how injectivity varied as injected water quality was changed. This was done using modified Hall Plots, injection logs, flow logs and time lapse temperature logs.
Data acquisition during the course of the pilot was used to better understand reservoir heterogeneity. This included the acquisition of pressure transient and interference data, multiple production and injection logs, temperature logging, monitoring production water chemistry, the use of tracers and a re-evaluation of the log and core data to better understand to role of fractures.
A geological model using detailed reservoir characterization and a 3D discrete fracture network model was constructed. Fracture corridors were derived from fractured lineaments interpreted from different seismic attribute maps:
A sector model of the pilot flood area was then derived and used to integrate the results of the surveillance data. The main output is to develop an understanding of the natural fracture system occurring in the different units of the Marrat reservoir and to characterize their organization and distribution. The lessons learned from this sector modeling work will then be integrated in the Marrat full field study.
The work described here shows how pilot water flood results can be used to reduce risk related to both injectivity and to reservoir heterogeneity in the secondary development of a major reservoir.
Creating a Secure IT Infrastructure for the Kuwait Intelligent Digital Field
Authors: Saleem H.. , Al-Shammari R.. , Zolotavin A.. , Bonilla J. C. , Ali Z.. , Robert H.. , Farid A.. 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
As oilfields mature and new fields come into operation, real time asset management of reserves is providing ongoing challenges to Kuwait Oil Company (KOC). Fewer engineers are managing more wells under increasingly tougher environmental conditions and compliance regulations. The combination of these factors has driven the need for KOC to make a step change in its approach to operations by incorporating digital field concepts to transform the way engineers are working. The result is the Kuwait Intelligent Digital Field initiative.
To enable KwIDF, new technologies were deployed in both mature and immature assets, creating issues in terms of interoperability and integration thereby increasing the strain on the legacy IT infrastructure. In addition, there was the requirement to isolate the SCADA industrial networks from the corporate business networks while automating traffic control with the various enterprise data systems. This ‘managed’ separation complicated the delivery of productivity tools to employees and posed the greatest challenge to creating a transparent, seamless KwIDF infrastructure.
The KwIDF Jurassic project was particularly challenging since it had the most limited existing infrastructure, requiring the design and deployment of an entirely new architecture scattered over significant distances and business areas. This in turn created significant hurdles in terms of integration and compatibility with the remainder of KOC’s proprietary systems and technologies. Specific efforts were required to allow KOC’s network infrastructure to be capable of embracing such solutions and technologies with proper security measures in place.
Developing a network infrastructure to enable real time solutions for KwIDF Jurassic involved analyzing the specific business drivers of the asset to ensure that the capital investment not only delivered results, but did so within a secure environment. This paper presents the methodology employed by KOC’s Corporate IT Group (CITG) to deliver the right network infrastructure, along with lessons learned, for enabling the Kuwait Intelligent Digital Field Jurassic project.
Modeling of Regional Aquifer System Allows Decision on Early Pressure Support to be Made for the Burgan Minagish Reservoir, Kuwait
Authors: Al-Faresi F. A. , Wang J. T. , Clark W.. , Belobraydic M. L. , Yaser M.. , Iwere F. O. , Gomez E.. , Gurpinar O. M. , Datta K.. , Mudavakkat A.. , Hayat L.. , Al-Sahlan G. A. , Husain R.. , Prakash A.. , Crittenden S. J. , Bond D. J. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe Burgan Minagish reservoir in the Greater Burgan Field is one of several reservoirs producing from the Minagish formation in Kuwait and the Divided Zone. The reservoir has been produced intermittently since the 1960s under natural depletion. A powered water-flood is currently being planned. The pressure performance of the reservoir has proved hard to explain without invoking communication with other reservoirs. Such communication could be either with other reservoirs through the regional aquifer of through faults to other reservoirs in the Greater Burgan field. Recent pressures are close to the bubble point.A coarse simulation model of the nearby fields and the regional aquifer was constructed based on data from the fields and regional geological understanding. This model could be history matched to allow all regional pressure data to be broadly matched, a result which supports the view that communication is through the regional aquifer. Using this model to predict future pressure performance suggested that injecting at rates that exceeded voidage replacement by about 50 Mbd could keep reservoir pressure above bubble point. It was recognized that the process of history matching performance was non-unique. This is a particular concern in the context of this study because the model inputs that were varied in the history matching process included aquifer data that was very poorly constrained. To address this problem multiple history matched models were created using an assisted history matching tool. Using prediction results from the range of models has increased our confidence that a modest degree of over-injection can help maintain reservoir pressure.This paper demonstrates the utility of computer assisted history match tools in allowing an assessment of uncertainty in a case where non-uniqueness was a particular problem. It also emphasizes the importance of understanding aquifer communication when relatively closely spaced fields are being developed.
The Mystery of Vanishing MWD/LWD Tools in Downhole: Interaction of Heavy WBM, Complex Petrophysical Formation Properties and Tool Metallurgy in Deep Kerogen-rich Carbonates
Authors: Acharya Mihira N. , Kabir Mir R. , Al-Ajmi Saad A. , Al-Doheim Arif A. , Dashti Qasem , Al-Anzi Ealian H. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractRobustness of measurement while drilling (MWD) and logging while drilling (LWD) tools is laboratory-tested and rigorously field-tested for the expected operating and measurement specifications. Such tools have been used in the industry for decades with proven track record of stability. However, a typical tool string deployed as a part of bottom-hole assembly (BHA) has recently failed to withstand the unexpected BH conditions during drilling of the pilot hole using potassium formate mud (KFM), a heavy water based mud. The failure occurred within a deep-fractured calcareous kerogen section (CKS).The tools had multiple surface communication failures; the first one was resolved as debris was found obstructing the rotorstarter part before drilling the CKS. The second failure occurred in the back-up tools, after drilling into the CKS and remained unexplained throughout drilling with the expectation of BH data recorded on memory. Inspection of the tool components, once the drilling was completed, revealed two major findings: First, some parts of the BHA, specifically the components of the CuBe tool had "vanished". Secondly, the recovered tool parts had further damage due to corrosion and pitting. In addition, an unexpected color change in metal body parts was observed.In the paper, the authors explain the unique mystery of tool eating "down-hole ghost". Similar tools were previously used without an issue at comparable high pressure and temperature conditions and in geological sections alike in Kuwait in drilling with oil-based mud. The service provider's operational experience elsewhere has failed to explain the bizarre outcome, as they had not encountered similar incidents of vanishing tool parts and down-hole color change. The claim was that similar tools were successfully operated in water-based mud drilling including KFM. This claim was confirmed prior to the field execution with metallurgical compatibility tests carried out by the mud supplier.
When the PCAOB Talks, Who Listens? Evidence from Stakeholder Reaction to GAAP-Deficient PCAOB Inspection Reports of Small Auditors
Authors: Abbott Lawrence J. , Gunny Katherine A. , Zhang Tracey Chunqi 
Published: December 2012

SUMMARY:
Section 104 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) created the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). The PCAOB conducts inspections of registered public accounting firms that provide audits for publicly traded companies. The results of the inspection process are summarized in publicly available reports at the PCAOB website. Using these reports, we categorize the inspection reports into three levels of increasing severity: clean, GAAS-deficient, and GAAP-deficient. We examine the potential use of GAAP-deficient PCAOB inspection reports as perceived audit quality signals for the clients of GAAP-deficient auditors that are inspected on a triennial basis by the PCAOB. Our investigation is predicated on the notion that audit quality is generally not directly observable. Thus, the clients of these auditors may seek to signal their desire for audit quality by dismissing their GAAP-deficient auditors. Our results suggest that the clients of GAAP-deficient, triennially inspected auditors are more likely to dismiss these auditors in favor of triennially inspected auditors that are not GAAP-deficient. In addition, we find that greater agency conflicts, the presence of an independent and expert audit committee, and outside blockholdings magnify this effect. Interestingly, we find no evidence that the clients use GAAP-deficient reports to procure a subsequent-year audit fee discount or more favorable going-concern auditor reporting treatment. Our evidence indicates that PCAOB inspection reports created heterogeneity in auditor brand name among a group of non-Big N/non-national auditors that did not previously exist and are universally treated by prior research as “other auditors.”
Effect of placement angle on the stability of loaded titanium microscrews in beagle jaws
Authors: Xu Zhenrui , Wu Yeke , Zhao Lixing , Zhou Yuqiao , Wei Xing , Tang Na , Feng Xiaoxia , Tang Tian , Zhao Zhihe 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To evaluate the effect of insertion angle on stability of loaded titanium microscrews in beagle jaws.

Materials and Methods:
Forty-eight microscrews were inserted at four different angles (30°, 50°, 70°, and 90°) into the intraradicular zones of the mandibular first molars and third premolars of 12 beagles and immediately loaded with a force of 2 N for 8 weeks. Microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and biomechanical pull-out tests were used to assess osseointegration of the interface.

Results:
All micro-CT parameters and maximum pull-out force (FMAX) of the microscrews were affected by insertion angles of microscrews. Higher micro-CT parameters and FMAX were seen for implants inserted at angles between 50° and 70° (P &lt; .05). Excessive oblique and vertical insertion angles resulted in reduced stability (P &lt; .05).

Conclusion:
An insertion angle of 50° to 70° is more favorable than excessive oblique or vertical angles to achieve stability of microscrews.
Bioaccumulation of Some Heavy Metals in Ayre Fish (Sperata Aor Hamilton, 1822), Sediment and Water of Dhaleshwari River in Dry Season
Authors: Ahmed Abu Tweb Abu , Mandal Suman , Chowdhury Didarul Alam , Tareq Abu Rayhan M , Rahman M Mizanur 
Published: December 2012

The present study was carried out to determine the level of bioaccumulation of some heavy metals in a freshwater fish Ayre (Sperata aor Hamilton, 1822) collected from Rajfulbaria (23°48?56.36? N and 90°14?54.04? E) of Dhaleshwari river. Four heavy metals, namely chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) were selected for this study. Metal concentrations were determined by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer after nitric acid digestion of samples. The concentrations of accumulated heavy metals in fish were also compared with the concentrations of metals in the sediments and waters of that river. The level of bioaccumulations in different organs of S. aor were determined separately and compared among them. Average bioaccumulation levels in S. aor were Cr: 1.458 mg/kg, Cu: 31.500 mg/kg, Pb: 18.776 mg/kg and Cd: 0.487 mg/kg of dry weight. The levels of heavy metals in sediments were Cr: 27.393 mg/kg, Cu: 37.450 mg/kg, Pb: 15.797 mg/kg and Cd: 2.083 mg/kg, and in water were Cr: 0.130 ppm, Cu: 0.000 ppm, Pb: 0.201 ppm and Cd: 0.001 ppm.The bioaccumulation of these four heavy metals in fish organs, sediment and water samples were also compared with FAO approved standard levels and other related studies, and found that the levels of bioaccumulation in the Dhaleshwari river exceeded all the standard levels. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v40i1.12904 Bangladesh J. Zool. 40(1):147-153, 2012
L'énigme de l'événement
Authors: Lévy André 
Published: December 2012

Résumé Comment de la continuité peut naître la discontinuité ? À cette question, l’analyse de la notion d’événement apporte un certain éclairage. Trois exemples d’ampleur et de nature différentes – l’affaire dite DSK, une intervention auprès d’une équipe de soins psychiatriques, une recherche conduite dans le contexte du conflit israélo-palestinien – montrent comment un événement prend sens et peut devenir source de changement, lorsque ses implications, aux plans psychologique et social, font l’objet d’un travail d’élaboration et d’analyse collectives.
Une culture de la cruauté. Sur le concept nietzschéen de Culture
Authors: Filloux Janine 
Published: December 2012

Résumé L’œuvre de Nietzsche est tout entière une interrogation sur l’histoire de la culture, ses fondements et ses impasses. Et ce qu’il trouve au centre de cette histoire est le désir d’emprise et de cruauté. Anticipant les catastrophes culturelles du XX e siècle, il met la question du mal au coeur de sa réflexion. Un demi-siècle plus tard, avec l’introduction de la pulsion de mort et le conflit Éros-Thanatos, Freud va, dans ses écrits anthropologiques, interroger à son tour les fondements de la culture dont dépendent les progrès et le devenir de l’humanité. Si un même projet les réunit, si l’on peut tous deux les qualifier de « grands désillusionnistes », leur pensée bifurque sur bien des points : celui de la primauté du sensoriel sur le rationnel défendue par Nietzsche, celui de la fonction civilisatrice du refoulement pulsionnel soutenue par Freud, ou encore la dimension du conflit essentielle à la pensée freudienne, là où Nietzsche pense nécessaire coexistence des contraires. Reprenant ces questions, Nathalie Zaltzman nous lègue, à partir de son écoute analytique et d’une lecture approfondie de la littérature concentrationnaire, une importante et originale contribution à la définition du travail de culture et à la question du mal.
Dynamique des groupes : Connexions ou divergences ? Avatars historiques et défrichements taxinomiques
Authors: De Visscher Pierre 
Published: December 2012

Résumé La discipline dénommée par Kurt Lewin « dynamique des groupes » est méconnue : le caractère décisif des trois dernières années de vie de Lewin et des trois années subséquentes est ignoré ; beaucoup ne se réfèrent qu’aux écrits antérieurs à sa focalisation sur le groupe et l’animation ; les incongruités taxinomiques sont nombreuses, les constructs « dynamique » et « restreint » mal compris. De 1945 à 1947 Lewin induisit : l’utilisation du néologisme « dynamique des groupes » ; la création d’un 3e cycle au MIT ; le souci d’y former à l’animation les psychologues sociaux ; l’émergence du « sensitivity training » , expérienciation par chacun de son action lors de l’élucidation des processus collectifs ; la préparation du premier « laboratoire de formation » en pratiques de groupe, conçu comme rééducation sociétale via des expériences structurées. Lewin décédé, on assista à un processus de « mort du père » : scission entre « académiques » chercheurs au Research Center for Group Dynamics et « praticiens » prestant aux National Training Laboratories tenus annuellement à Bethel ; substitution d’identité des « basic skills training groups » en groupes de diagnostic ; confusion ultérieure entre « T-group » et « sensitivity training » ; non-intégration du projet rééducatif lewinien en milieu universitaire. Depuis, l’animatique et le paradigme dynamicogroupal postlewinien se développent dans le cadre de la scienceaction, en dehors de la sociopsychologie et de la psychanalyse groupales. Le resserrement des connexions entre recherche, analyse et dynamique des groupes postlewinienne se justifierait.
Usages et développement d’instruments budgétaires par des femmes du Sud du Brésil
Authors: Laurendon-Marques Candy , Merri Maryvonne 
Published: December 2012

Le Brésil a connu une migration massive de la campagne vers la ville. Les migrants, le plus souvent non scolarisés, font face en ville à des défis quotidiens, tels la gestion du budget et les achats, domaine d’expérience considéré dans cet article. Six femmes « migrantes de l’intérieur » nous ont relaté leur parcours de vie. Leurs récits révèlent non seulement les instruments mis en œuvre mais aussi les structures de participation telles la collaboration avec leurs proches ou encore les dispositifs mis en place par leur employeur.
Transmissions de la moxibustion et de l’acupuncture en Europe
Authors: Guilloux Ronald 
Published: December 2012

À la fin du XVIIe siècle, trois agents de la Compagnie néerlandaise des Indes orientales travaillant à Batavia (Busschof) et à Deshima (Ten Rhijne et Kaempfer) décrivaient pour la première fois la moxibustion et l’acupuncture. C’était le point de départ des transmissions de ces deux remèdes en Europe. Une analyse comparative fera apparaître des différences de lieux, de périodes, d’acteurs et de pratiques. Mais elle fera aussi et surtout ressortir des similitudes de transmission. Car au-delà des différences, moxibustion et acupuncture furent décrites en territoires autochtones, en zones de contact ; or leurs mises en texte opéraient déjà une première rupture avec les objets et les expériences d’origine. Cette rupture s’élargira avec l’éloignement en Europe. Moxibustion et acupuncture subiront inévitablement les contraintes de filtres théoriques, pratiques, politiques et institutionnels. Nous verrons au final que ces transmissions étaient conditionnées par des processus textuels et matériels de transformation, de réappropriation et de réduction.