bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A phase 1B/2 study of aldoxorubicin in patients with soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Chawla Sant P. , Chua Victoria S. , Hendifar Andrew F. , Quon Doris V. , Soman Neelesh , Sankhala Kamalesh K. , Wieland D. Scott , Levitt Daniel J. 
Published: October 2014

BACKGROUNDAldoxorubicin, a prodrug of doxorubicin, covalently binds to serum albumin, allowing for the administration of much higher doses of doxorubicin in a previous clinical study. The current phase 1B/2 study evaluated the safety of aldoxorubicin, including preliminary efficacy and safety of its maximum tolerated dose (MTD).METHODSPatients aged 18 to 70 years with recurrent/refractory malignant solid tumors received aldoxorubicin at a dose of 230 mg/m2, 350 mg/m2, or 450 mg/m2 (170 mg/m2, 260 mg/m2, or 335 mg/m2 doxorubicin equivalents, respectively) by intravenous infusion once every 21 days for up to 8 consecutive cycles.RESULTSA total of 25 patients were enrolled, including 17 patients (68%) with advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS). The MTD of aldoxorubicin was 350 mg/m2; dose‐limiting toxicities included grade 4 neutropenia and grade 3 febrile neutropenia (NCI CTCAE v4.0). Drug‐related adverse events included myelosuppression, nausea, fatigue, alopecia, stomatitis, vomiting, and oropharyngeal pain. No clinically significant cardiac toxicities were reported. Seven patients (28%) had elevated serum troponin levels while taking part in the study, but these elevations were not clinically significant or associated with cardiac findings. A partial response was achieved in 20% of patients, and stable disease was reported in 40% of patients. The median progression‐free survival was 4.80 months, and the median overall survival was 11.25 months. Among patients with STS who were treated at the MTD (13 patients), a partial response was achieved in 38% and stable disease in 46%; the median progression‐free survival was 11.25 months and the median overall survival was 21.71 months.CONCLUSIONSAldoxorubicin at a dose of 350 mg/m2 administered once every 21 days for up to 8 cycles was found to be acceptably safe and demonstrated preliminary efficacy in patients with advanced solid tumors, including STS. Further investigation of aldoxorubicin is ongoing. Cancer 2015;121:570–579. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
A ciphertext‐policy attribute‐based proxy re‐encryption scheme for data sharing in public clouds
Authors: Liang Kaitai , Fang Liming , Wong Duncan S. , Susilo Willy 
Published: October 2014

SUMMARYCiphertext‐policy attribute‐based proxy re‐encryption (CP‐ABPRE) extends the traditional Proxy Re‐Encryption (PRE) by allowing a semi‐trusted proxy to transform a ciphertext under an access policy to another ciphertext with the same plaintext under a new access policy (i.e., attribute‐based re‐encryption). The proxy, however, learns nothing about the underlying plaintext. CP‐ABPRE has many real world applications, such as fine‐grained access control in cloud storage systems and medical records sharing among different hospitals. All the existing CP‐ABPRE schemes are leaving chosen‐ciphertext attack (CCA) security as an interesting open problem. This paper, for the first time, proposes a new CP‐ABPRE scheme to tackle the problem. The new scheme supports attribute‐based re‐encryption with any monotonic access structures. Despite being constructed in the random oracle model, our scheme can be proven CCA secure under the decisional q‐parallel bilinear Diffie–Hellman exponent assumption. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) Training on Clinical Psychology Trainee Stress, Therapist Skills and Attributes, and ACT Processes
Authors: Pakenham Kenneth I. 
Published: October 2014

Despite the increasing uptake of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) by mental health practitioners, few studies have investigated the effects of ACT training on trainees. Clinical psychology trainees (CPTs) are susceptible to high stress such that their training represents a teachable moment for personal application of the therapy skills they learn for clinical practice. This study investigates the effects of ACT training on stress, therapist skills and attributes, and the personal acquisition of ACT strategies in CPTs. Thirty‐two CPTs completed questionnaires before and after university‐based ACT training that consisted of 12 2‐h weekly workshops. Pairwise t‐tests showed that CPTs reported improvements from before to after training on measures of counselling self‐efficacy, client–therapist alliance, self‐kindness, acceptance, defusion, mindfulness and values, and a marginally significant improvement on somatic symptoms, despite a trend towards increased work‐related stress. As predicted, each of the ACT process variables was related to one or more of the therapist stress, skill and attribute variables, such that greater levels of mindfulness, values and acceptance, and less thought suppression were related to better trainee outcomes. This study provides preliminary data on therapist skill development and personal benefits for CPTs related to receiving ACT training that interweaves instruction in competencies acquisition with self‐care. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

This study provides preliminary data on therapist skill development and personal benefits for clinical psychology trainees related to receiving ACT training that integrates training in competencies acquisition with self‐care.
The ACT training offers a framework for integrating the acquisition of clinical competencies and self‐care skills and positive therapist attributes in trainees.
Findings support a strong positive union between the ACT processes and better trainee personal and professional outcomes.
Standsicherheit von Kellerwänden bei drückendem Wasser
Authors: Graubner Carl‐Alexander , Förster Valentin , Schmitt Michael 
Published: October 2014

AbstractHochwasserkatastrophen treten auch in Deutschland immer häufiger auf. Die dabei entstehenden Beanspruchungen sind im Mauerwerksbau insbesondere für Kellerwände, welche mit einem Bogenmodell bemessen werden, von Bedeutung. Da mit dem normativ vorgeschlagenen Nachweisverfahren kein hydrostatischer Druck berücksichtigt werden kann, wird zunächst eine Nachweismethodik vorgestellt, welche den Lastfall des drückenden Wassers realitätsnah abbildet. Darauf aufbauend werden Bemessungsdiagramme abgeleitet, mit deren Hilfe entweder die maximale Wasserstandhöhe in Abhängigkeit der normativ erforderlichen Mindestauflast bestimmt oder die erforderliche minimale Auflast bei gegebener Wasserstandhöhe abgelesen werden kann. Drückendes Wasser auf Kellerwände im Hochwasserfall stellt eine außergewöhnliche Einwirkung dar. Es kann gezeigt werden, dass die zugehörige Einwirkungskombination bei über die gesamte Wandhöhe hinterfüllten Wänden in vielen Fällen nur bemessungsrelevant wird, wenn das Wasser sehr hoch ansteigt. Bei teilweise hinterfüllten Kellerwänden sind auch bei hydrostatischem Wasserdruck meist kleine Auflasten für eine hinreichende Standsicherheit ausreichend.Design of basement walls under earth and water pressure. The past decades have shown a tremendous increase in the occurrence of floods in Germany. This development asks for a extension of the design procedure used for basement walls, which is based on an arc model. As the standard regulations do not take into account hydrostatic pressure, the development of a new model regarding water pressure is evident. For this purpose, design diagrams were derived either accounting for the already existing load from the normative method to determine the maximum possible water level or diagrams which show the required minimum dead load for a certain water level. Water pressure due to a flooding represents an extraordinary load with specific partial safety factors within the design situation. If the basement wall is completely backfilled it can be shown, that the extraordinary load of hydrostatic pressure is only relevant for the wall design, if the water level rises near the terrain surface. In case of partially backfilled walls often small dead loads are sufficient to ensure adequate reliability.
Three new species of Onosma L. (Boraginaceae) from Iran
Authors: Mehrabian Ahmad Reza , Sheidai Masoud , Mozaffarian Valeyollah 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn this paper, we present some important findings in Onosma sect. Onosma. Data were collected during several surveys in western and northwestern Iran. Three new species were discovered and are illustrared here, namely O. sheidaii sp. nov and O. azarbaidjanensis sp. nov (in subsect. Haplotricha) and O. mozaffariani sp. nov. (In subsect. Heterotricha). An extensive review of literature and the comparative study with specimens kept in 14 Asiatic and European herbaria lead to the assessment of their independent, specific status based on both macro and micro‐ morphological characters, which are discussed in respect to possibly closely allied species. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Polymorphisms of DNA repair genes are related to the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Ribeiro Howard Lopes , de Oliveira Roberta Taiane Germano , Maia Allan Rodrigo Soares , Pires Ferreira Filho Luiz Ivando , de Sousa Juliana Cordeiro , Heredia Fabiola Fernandes , Magalhães Silvia Maria Meira , Pinheiro Ronald Feitosa 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSome studies show that alterations in DNA repair genes polymorphisms are associated with the pathogenesis and susceptibility of Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS). We genotyped 60 MDS patients for six DNA repair gene polymorphisms: BRCA1 rs4793191, BRCA2 rs9567623, RAD51 rs1801320, XRCC5 rs3835, XRCC6 rs2267437 and LIG4 rs1805388. The G/C heterozygote genotype of rs1801320 polymorphism was associated with a decreased chance of developing MDS (p = 0.05). Additionally, the G/G homozygous genotype was associated with the presence of one cytopenia in whole blood. The genotype C/G and CG + GG of the rs2267437 polymorphism was associated with normal karyotype (p = 0.010) and bone marrow cellularity normocellular + hypercellular (p = 0.023). We found that the A/G heterozygous genotype of the rs3835 polymorphism is associated with decreased chance of developing MDS (p < 0.001). These results support the importance of RAD51, XRCC5 and XRCC6 genes polymorphisms in the maintenance of genomic stability promoting a better understanding of the genesis and etiology of MDS. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Nanochannel Platform for Single DNA Studies: From Crowding, Protein DNA Interaction, to Sequencing of Genomic Information
Authors: van der Maarel Johan R. C. , Zhang Ce , van Kan Jeroen A. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe study of nanochannel‐confined DNA is important from biotechnological and biophysical points of view. We produce nanochannels in elastomer with soft lithography and proton beam writing. Issues concerning DNA confined in such quasi one‐dimensional channels are discussed. We describe DNA stretching via the control of channel diameter and buffer conditions and how the extension can be interpreted with theory and computer simulation. We then discuss the conformation of nano‐confined DNA crowded by neutral polymers and like‐charged proteins. As an example of a protein that has an affinity to DNA, the effect of heat‐stable nucleoid‐structuring protein, H‐NS, on the folding and compaction of DNA is reviewed. Compaction of DNA by eukaryotic protamine and unpacking of pre‐compacted DNA through an increase in salt concentration are discussed. We review results obtained with a novel, cross‐channel device that allows the monitoring of the dynamic, conformational response of DNA after exposure to a ligand or protein and/or a change in buffer conditions in situ. As a biotechnological application, linearization of DNA by bottlebrush coating with a polypeptide copolymer is discussed. It is demonstrated that large‐scale genomic organization can be sequenced using single DNA molecules on an array of elastomeric nanochannels. Overall, our results show that the effects of ligands and proteins on the conformation, folding, and condensation of DNA are not only related to classical controlling factors, such as osmotic pressure, charge, and binding, but that the interplay with confinement in a nanospace is of paramount importance.
Technical improvement using ultra‐slim gastroscopes for direct peroral cholangioscopy: analysis of the initial learning phase
Authors: Weigt Jochen , Kandulski Arne , Malfertheiner Peter 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundDirect peroral cholangioscopy (POCS) is an emerging technique complementing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Only few data about the learning process of this technique exist. The objective of this study is to investigate the learning process of POCS in a tertiary center.MethodsThe study was a single center observational trial. All patients were investigated with standard ERCP directly prior to cholangioscopy. The bile ducts were intubated using the balloon anchor technique. The learning process was analyzed using linear regression and cumulative sum analysis.ResultsA total of 42 POCS were performed. Intubation was successful in 38/42 (90%). Reasons for failed intubation were small caliber bile ducts, duodenal diverticulum and papillary adenoma. Failed intubation occurred three times in the first half and only one time in the second half of investigations. The mean intubation time was 8.4 ± 4.9 min (1.6–23 min). The average intubation time changed over time (R2 = −0.7) from 9.5 min in the first half investigations to 7.3 min in the second half procedures. Cumulative sum analysis revealed an initial learning process of nine investigations with significant variations in results followed by a steady improvement in the following investigations.ConclusionsDirect POCS is a useful tool for the investigation of biliary disease, which demands a short but recognizable initial learning phase even for experienced endoscopists.
Risk factors for technical failure of endoscopic double self‐expandable metallic stent placement by partial stent‐in‐stent method
Authors: Kawakubo Kazumichi , Kawakami Hiroshi , Toyokawa Yoshihide , Otani Koichi , Kuwatani Masaki , Abe Yoko , Kawahata Shuhei , Kubo Kimitoshi , Kubota Yoshimasa , Sakamoto Naoya 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundEndoscopic double self‐expandable metallic stent (SEMS) placement by the partial stent‐in‐stent (PSIS) method has been reported to be useful for the management of unresectable hilar malignant biliary obstruction. However, it is technically challenging, and the optimal SEMS for the procedure remains unknown. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for technical failure of endoscopic double SEMS placement for unresectable malignant hilar biliary obstruction (MHBO).MethodsBetween December 2009 and May 2013, 50 consecutive patients with MHBO underwent endoscopic double SEMS placement by the PSIS method. We retrospectively evaluated the rate of successful double SEMS placement and identified the risk factors for technical failure.ResultsThe technical success rate for double SEMS placement was 82.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 69.2–90.2). On univariate analysis, the rate of technical failure was high in patients with metastatic disease and unilateral placement. Multivariate analysis revealed that metastatic disease was a significant risk factor for technical failure (odds ratio: 9.63, 95% CI: 1.11–105.5). The subgroup analysis after double guidewire insertion showed that the rate of technical success was higher in the laser‐cut type SEMS with a large mesh and thick delivery system than in the braided type SEMS with a small mesh and thick delivery system.ConclusionsMetastatic disease was a significant risk factor for technical failure of double SEMS placement for unresectable MHBO. The laser‐cut type SEMS with a large mesh and thin delivery system might be preferable for the PSIS procedure.
Cronbach's alpha reliability: Interval estimation, hypothesis testing, and sample size planning
Authors: Bonett Douglas G. , Wright Thomas A. 
Published: October 2014

SummaryCronbach's alpha is one of the most widely used measures of reliability in the social and organizational sciences. Current practice is to report the sample value of Cronbach's alpha reliability, but a confidence interval for the population reliability value also should be reported. The traditional confidence interval for the population value of Cronbach's alpha makes an unnecessarily restrictive assumption that the multiple measurements have equal variances and equal covariances. We propose a confidence interval that does not require equal variances or equal covariances. The results of a simulation study demonstrated that the proposed method performed better than alternative methods. We also present some sample size formulas that approximate the sample size requirements for desired power or desired confidence interval precision. R functions are provided that can be used to implement the proposed confidence interval and sample size methods. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of biochars on swell–shrinkage behavior, mechanical strength, and surface cracking of clayey soil
Authors: Zong Yutong , Chen Danping , Lu Shenggao 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSwell–shrinkage, cracking and stickiness of expansive clayey soils usually lead to their low yield. Improvement of these poor soil physical properties is a key goal for enhancing the crop productivity of expansive clayey soils. This article presents results of a study on the impact of three biochars produced from wheat straw (SB), woodchips (WCB), and wastewater sludge (WSB) on the swell–shrinkage behavior, mechanical strength, and surface cracking of a clayey soil. The soil was treated with biochars at the rate of 0, 20, 40, and 60 g biochar kg−1 soil, respectively; and incubated for 180 d in glasshouse. Application of biochars decreased significantly (p < 0.01) the coefficient of linear extensibility (COLE) of the soil, the effect of SB being most prominent. The tensile strength (TS) of the clayey soil was originally 937 kPa, which decreased to 458 kPa, 495 kPa and 659 kPa for 6% SB‐, WCB‐, and WSB‐amended soils, respectively. Shear strength tests indicated that biochars significantly reduced cohesion (c) and increased internal friction angle (θ). Biochar significantly reduced the formation of soil surface cracks, surface area, and length of the cracks. The surface area density of cracks in the 6% biochar‐amended soils decreased by 14% for SB, 17% for WCB, and 19% for WSB, respectively, compared with control. The results suggest that biochar can be used as a soil amendment for improving the poor physical properties of the clayey soil, particularly in terms of reduction in swell–shrinkage, tensile strength and surface area density of cracking.
The combination of localized phosphorus and water supply indicates a high potential for savings of irrigation water and phosphorus fertilizer
Authors: Zhan Ai , Chen Xinping , Li Shiqing 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWater and phosphorus (P) are often unevenly distributed in the soil profile, thus limiting water and P uptake and plant growth. A soil column and a split‐root experiment were conducted to quantify the effect of localized water and P supply on shoot growth, root morphology, specific P uptake (SPU), P‐use efficiency (PUE), and water‐use efficiency (WUE) of maize (Zea mays L.). Our results indicate that roots preferentially grow in the layer or compartment with both adequate water and P supply, subsequently stimulating SPU, PUE, and WUE, and enhancing shoot growth. Compared with the treatments in which both layers and compartments were supplied with adequate P and/or water, the growth of maize was maintained or minimally affected. SPU, PUE, and WUE were increased when both P and water were supplied in one layer or one compartment only. These findings show that normal plant growth with an adequate P uptake was achieved even if part of the roots were supplied with 2/3 (soil column experiment) and 1/2 (split‐root experiment) of the phosphorus and water supplied in the full‐phosphorus and full‐water treatment. Changes in root morphology under water stress conditions induced by the application of phosphorus and water in deeper soil layers or to a part of the roots may have substantial practical implications for agricultural production and environmental protection.
Lymph node status after resection for gallbladder adenocarcinoma: Prognostic implications of different nodal staging/scoring systems
Authors: Amini Neda , Spolverato Gaya , Kim Yuhree , Gupta Rohan , Margonis Georgios Antonios , Ejaz Aslam , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: October 2014

Background and ObjectivesSeveral lymph node (LN) staging/scoring systems have been proposed to stratify the prognosis of patients with gallbladder adenocarcinoma (GBA). We sought to define the prognostic performance of the most commonly utilized LN staging/scoring systems including AJCC/UICC N stage, lymph node ratio (LNR), log odds (LODDS), and N score, among patients with GBA.MethodBetween 2004 and 2010, 1,124 patients with GBA were identified from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. The discriminative ability of each LN staging/scoring system was assessed using the Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) and the Harrell's concordance index.ResultsWhen assessed using categorical values, LNR had a modest, improved ability to discriminate patients with regard to prognosis (C‐index: 0.615; AIC: 2118.2) compared with AJCC/UICC N stage or N score and a prognostic discrimination comparable to LODDS. Among patients who had a total number of LN examined (TNLE) of 1 or 2, all the staging/scoring systems performed comparably. In contrast, among patients who had ≥4 TNLE, LODDS performed the best (C‐index: 0.613; AIC: 303.2).ConclusionThe performance of the different LN staging/scoring systems varied based on the TNLE. In particular, for patients who had ≥4 TNLE, LODDS out‐performed the other staging/scoring systems. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:299–305. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
SB‐S Core‐Shell Particles in Semicontinuous Seeded Emulsion Polymerization and their use as Impact Modifier
Authors: Uliana Nilva R. , Machado Ricardo A. F. , Sayer Claudia , Araújo Pedro H.H. 
Published: October 2014

SummaryThe impact resistance of polymeric materials can be modified by the addition of polymer particles with core shell structure, in which the core consists of a rubber phase and the shell of a glassy phase. In this work, the synthesis of core‐shell particles (polybutadiene‐rich phase / polystyrene rich phase) by emulsion polymerization and their use as impact modifiers in crystal polystyrene, PS, was investigated. Reactions were followed by gravimetry and dynamic light scattering analysis and core‐shell morphology was determined by transmission electron microscopy. This latex, after dried, was incorporated into a PS matrix in a single screw extruder. The impact resistance increased with the incorporation of the core‐shell particles and with the number of passes through the extruder.