bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing The Benefits Of Utilizing 360° Panoramic Photo Survey Technology On A Shell Offshore Platform
Authors: Berger Per Erik , Matsuura Joao Paulo , Barrios Andre , Hopkins Peter , Wagner Marc Thomas , Weston Michael 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Shell’s Enchilada offshore platform has been surveyed in September 2012 with a specially built, fully automated 100 megapixel 360º HDR panoramic photography camera system with 3D measurement capability. Subsequently, a 360º PanoramicGuide web-based viewer was produced and made available to Shell users. The spherical photos were indexed to the facility’s general arrangement drawings. Interactive descriptive menus and maps were made available to quickly locate and navigate to points of interest. Users can choose from multiple viewpoints of the Enchilada facility, view 360º in all directions around those viewpoints to virtually examine various areas/equipment in the platform, zoom in to view precise detail, and take 3D measurements between visually recognizable shapes and patterns from the viewpoints.
The paper will discuss a number of potential and tested applications, the latter where the technology has been used for the Enchilada platform:
a) Detailed visual assessments for engineering design, project planning, operations and safety reviews; b) Visual reference during conference collaboration meetings with offsite subject matter experts and email communications to assure common understanding; c) Visual assessments by subject matter experts, including consultants and sub-contractors that are not possible with video, standard photography or 3D models/images created from laser scans alone.
Experience using the viewer has demonstrated that users are able to improve quality and collaboration in planning work related to construction and modifications, potentially resulting in decreased cost and project recycle, improved HSE and reduced liability and risk, by minimizing or even eliminating offshore trips and time on site for vendors and other personnel.
Development of new advanced visualization and communication technologies will be a key success factor for future improvements in planning, asset management and Integrated Operations, among other remote operations activities.
Complex Event Processing Implementation for Intelligent-Field
Authors: Al-Bar Abdullah , Gosayir Muhammad , Awadh Waleed , Nasser Nasser , Towaileb Hussain 
Published: June 2014

AbstractOne of the main challenges for Intelligent Field engineers is handling large amount of data stream in real-time. Finding meaningful patterns among this huge amount of data is just like trying to find a needle in a haystack. Every day reservoir and production engineers are being bombarded with streams of massive amounts of real-time data coming from all kinds of Intelligent Field equipment’s including but not limited to Permanent Downhole Monitoring Systems (PDHMS), Multiphase Flowmeters (MPFM), MicroMotion Meters, Wellhead Gauges, Smart Well Completion (SWC), and Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESP). They spend significant amount of time and effort looking at the trends and analyzing the data to find anomalies. Moreover, the existing systems for data cleansing and summarization are based on batch processing, hence, engineers cannot make the right decision on time and they do not have the mechanism to instantly detect interesting patterns in incoming data.The objective of this paper is to share Saudi ARAMCO’s experience with Complex Event Processing (CEP) as an emerging technology that is design for low-latency and high-throughput event processing for data stream. This paper addresses the architecture, the implementation, and the benefits of CEP as a solution for the Intelligent Field. The implementation will covers three common applications of CEP namely real-time data cleansing, pattern detection, and event driven computation. Data cleansing covers handling out-of-bound, negative, and frozen values. Patten detection enables the detection of anomalous behavior in the data stream, such as unusual buildup or drawdown in well pressure in real-time. Event driven computation is triggered by an event in the field, such as a change in downhole pressure to perform advance calculation logic such as average reservoir pressure. Implementing CEP will help reservoir and production engineers obtain clean data in real time and receive notification in case of any significant event detected.
A Management Framework for Deriving Organisational Cultural Advantage in the Upstream Oil & Gas Industry
Authors: Burridge Glen , Franklin Peter 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
For a capital-­-intensive, high uncertainty and organisationally complex industry such as Upstream Oil & Gas, the imperative of seeking substantive and continuous improvement in organisational effectiveness is strong. One such route is by deploying Cultural Advantage, the basis of which and its importance to the industry we will discuss in this paper.
The literature on the culture of organisations is extensive and consists of myriad models attempting to describe their fabric and explain the collective behaviour which drives them. For the purposes of this paper, we will try to simplify the cultural complexity of every organisation by identifying three main constituent or sub-cultures: NETWORK, NATIONAL and TECHNICAL. All of them influence the organisation and its behaviour and have the potential to pull an organisation away from its strategic goals. However, if they are sufficiently embraced, they may provide a powerful engine for success.
To counter the costly mistakes that may result from poor management of these cultural influences, we outline a number of inter-linked and, in several cases, novel techniques that may be employed at both the organisational scale and within these three sub-cultural domains.
These techniques, we believe, together form a new methodology for Management to address these cross-cultural issues which permeate across our business. Such an approach aims to accentuate the positive potential of the cultural spectrum that exists within every organisation and points the way to illuminating cross-cultural benchmarks that could be applied to any Upstream Oil & Gas entity and provide an engine for greater organisational effectiveness and performance.
Delivering Cost Effective Collaboration Technology Using Consumer Technology and Preparing for a BYOD Environment
Authors: Kirkman Matthew , Hobaishy Hisham , Cobb David , Said Said , Legg Corbett 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
ADMA OPCO’s Digital Oilfield initiative includes the implementation of a collaboration platform across ADMA OPCO facilities, both onshore and offshore, and ready to support both existing and new fields.
Key requirements were an ability to support relatively low bandwidth communication to offshore, a low seat cost, and both desktop and multi-purpose room environments. The ability to simply include third parties was a key issue for the infrastructure choice. Ideally the new system would be compatible with existing standard Video Conferencing (VC) equipment, as well as provide enterprise "Presence", as well as application sharing and control. For the longer term we wanted to ensure we could support the new generation of mobile devices, especially those in common use in ADMA as BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) by employees, and increasingly available in ruggedized and certified form for use in facility environments.
ADMA developed a pilot infrastructure, which included a prototype room design for our New Fields subsurface team, and one of our offshore control rooms, which was invaluable in evaluating recently available technology. The room design initially utilised low cost consumer grade large format televisions, using the TV devices as a switch, and supported the use of 3D Stereo for subsurface model displays, an educational smart board, and a 360 degree camera. The pilot was invaluable in confirming our platform choice, refining the technology (moving to a touch capable large format LCD, rather than the educational whiteboard, and the confirmation of the acceptability of video communication to an offshore control room, as two examples).
ADMA are now in the phase of moving to enterprise deployment of the system, utilising the learning’s from the initial pilot, and adapting to the rapid pace of technology change in this area. The paper will cover the experience of the use of consumer technology for collaboration and key decisions around infrastructure platform selection.
Intelligent Digital Oilfield Implementation: A Case Study of Change Management Strategies to Ensure Success
Authors: Al-Jasmi Ahmad , Goel Harish K. , Cerda Soraya Sirikit , Berry Kevin , Velasquez Guillermo 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe successful implementation of a world-leading integrated digital oilfield (IDOF) with a national oil company (NOC) required extremely careful and innovative management of the large-scale change required for the project. In particular, the "people side" of that change management was key for embedding the project in the NOC organization and, in turn, making the USD multi-million project a success.This paper outlines the NOC expectations and describes the steps and processes required to initiate and mobilize the people side of change in the IDOF project and also details the change management challenges experienced before the people- side-focused strategy was determined to be the way forward. Using a simple people-side-focused change methodology not only ensured that the project was successful in terms of return on capital employed (ROCE) but also began the process of ownership and eased the adoption of the IDOF into the current NOC organization. The change management methodology described in this paper was designed to cover and mitigate important challenges that were relevant in driving the people side of change, particularly the following:WIIFM—"what’s in it for me" scenarios. Culture—the way things are done around here. Success—collaboration, technology leap frogging, people, and oil gains.This paper describes the main successes, key lessons learned, observations, and progress made against the clearly defined NOC expectations.
An Intelligent Operation Solution for Oil & Gas Production Process
Authors: Hwang Santai , Rodriguez Jose , Healy Justin , Bravo Cesar Enrique 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This paper discusses the implementation of an intelligent operating system for oilfield processing. It examines the infrastructure of this intelligent software system, from the database backend to the graphical user interface (GUI) frontend. Oilfield processing generally includes the measurement and analysis of reservoirs, controlling oil or gas production flow through the wellbore, risers and manifolds operation, and wellhead operations, then proceeds to the flare point or transportation out from the production facilities. This paper describes how the system can be applied to upper stream oil and gas production management and forecasting. An intelligent solution was used for the research described in this paper. Several sample workflows were implemented for the proof of concepts. The study results indicate that the selected system met all requirements and prove that an integrated and completed system can reduce both human error and operating costs. The system also includes sufficient flexibility to apply to other industrial applications, such as assembly and manufacturing processes.
A Decade Long Journey into Intelligent Field: A Story to be Shared
Authors: Dhubaiki A. A. , Khalifah M. A. , Kaba A. A. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAlmost a decade has passed since Saudi Aramco implemented its first intelligent completion in a remote area field. Nowadays, the field is the crown jewel of intelligent well completions worldwide, with a large number of inflow control valves (ICVs), a permanent downhole monitoring system (PDHMS), and multiphase flow meters (MPFMs).This paper summarizes the lessons learned from the assessment and optimization of hundreds of laterals in the field. It also shows how proper ICV utilization leads to production optimization throughout the field. It sheds light on the best practices that helped to realize the full potential of those installations. Finally, the paper ends with recommendations for the way forward and conclusions.Examples will be discussed in detail to show clearly the benefits and results that could be harvested from the use of intelligent completions. These examples will show some of the benefits that include the revival of dead laterals, controlling undesired fluid breakthrough, and managing sweep efficiency.
A Unified Framework for Implementing Business Intelligence, Real-time Operational Intelligence and Big Data Analytics for Upstream Oil Industry Operators
Authors: Akoum Mohamad , Mahjoub Alaa 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
For the last few years, ADCO has been implementing a program for business intelligence and data management. With the increasing demand for higher production capacity and with the recent evolutions in information, communication and operational technology, ADCO realized the importance of evolving the scope of the program in order to take into consideration real-time operational intelligence and big data analytics initiatives and get prepared to adequately support them. Accordingly, ADCO has established a unified framework for the new program that aims to deliver standardized and integrated solutions for all of the above initiatives. This framework is based on a set of best practices, proven enterprise architecture methodologies, industry standards and reference models. This paper describes how ADCO has selected, combined and tailored the elements of the above set to form a unified framework that suits the overall new program objectives. It also presents the current and future state architectures, and sample use-cases and applications’ outputs.
The above framework can be applied by business and IT architects, strategists and program managers to coordinate and optimize their relevant enterprise initiatives. By early establishing the above framework, ADCO gained more insight regarding the requirements of future phases. Instead of only relying on out-of-the-box operational intelligence applications, ADCO has also considered additional approaches such as self-services analytics to complement them. ADCO identified the need to modify its technology acquisition plans to include new category of tools and equipment. The need for adapting the de-facto standard development methodologies was identified and the framework was tailored to address it. This framework was also tailored to efficiently support big data-requirements. Usingthe above framework realizes better standardization, integration, architecture simplification, dataconsistency and cost-optimization.
Although there are different frameworks that may be used individually to support the above initiatives, the presented framework is a unified way to support and coordinate all of them together.
The Theory of a Fluidic Diode Autonomous Inflow Control Device
Authors: Fripp Michael , Zhao Liang , Least Brandon 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Traditionally, first-generation inflow control devices (ICDs) were designed to balance completion pressure differential with reservoir pressure differential so that even flow across production zones could be maintained. The purpose of maintaining even flow was to delay influx of unwanted fluids, and thus, help maximize oil production. However, if low-viscosity fluids were present and did succeed in breaking through, a traditional passive ICD could not control the flow, and the unwanted fluid flow would take over. To provide more effective control in these conditions, a newly developed, autonomous Inflow- control device (AICD) has been introduced to theIndustry. This device will improve production by balancing desired production fluids across the completion, while restricting the production from zones with unwanted fluids. This paper discusses 1) how the AICD detects the fluid properties and 2) how the production of the undesired fluid can be restricted without the use of any moving parts.
The autonomous ICD is designed to function without moving parts, without intervention, without electronics, and without control lines. It is a solid-state design with improved reliability, erosion resistance, corrosion resistance, and plugging resistance that can maintain high mechanical integrity. An autonomous ICD operates by detecting whether the production fluid is undesirable, and then, if unwanted, it restricts the production of the unwanted fluid.
The fluidic diode-type AICD operates using a combination of fluid mechanics, computer modeling, and measured performance data, and this paper explains how these devices are capable of restricting undesirable fluid breakthrough without intervention so that a well can continue to produce the desirable hydrocarbon. Testing procedures and results, which include numerical simulation and experimental testing, also will be presented.
Robotics for the Petroleum Industry – Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Transeth Aksel A. , Schumann-Olsen Henrik , Røyrøy Anders , Galassi Maurício 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
High uptime of petroleum plants, simple logistics, and good Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) conditions are all key factors for a successful petroleum industry. These issues need particular attention when facing new challenges with, e.g., production in more remote areas, but are also highly relevant for many current petroleum installations. Automation and remote supervision and control are both important areas which can address these challenges. To this end, robots are already contributing subsea, but also have the potential to contribute with significant benefits within both the offshore topside and onshore petroleum industry. Such robot technology, often termed offshore robotics, is currently not commercially available and a large scale joint effort is required in order to realize its inherent potential.
Offshore robotics has been a topic of research and development for quite some years and relevant concepts and demonstrators have been developed. However, there are still significant challenges that need to be met in order to take advantage of the opportunities that robots can provide and realize commercial solutions. In this paper, we describe some of the important challenges to be met for enabling this inherent potential. There are both technical and organizational challenges, where the latter include, e.g., building acceptance for new technologies and responsibility issues in connection with remote operations. We also elaborate on key opportunities represented by use cases for robotics within the petroleum industry. A focus is on inspection, maintenance and emergency handling operations. The state of the art on offshore robotics is presented including the activity within this field at Statoil and Petrobras. Successful solutions to the use cases can lead to improved HSE (e.g., fewer people in exposed areas), simpler logistics (e.g., less helicopter transportation), and increased uptime (e.g., through early fault detection and intervention).
Novel Technology for Downhole Reality Check and Realization – A Case Study of Real-time Monitoring of High-Rate Matrix Acid Stimulation Treatments in a Tight Chalk Reservoir using Distributed Temperature Sensing
Authors: Mohamed Hashim A.. , Stemberger D. J. , Mulrooney M.. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThere has been a considerable number of matrix acid stimulation treatments performed in high porosity – low permeability chalk reservoirs in the Danish part of North Sea over the last four decades. During this time, several acid types and diversion techniques have been employed to obtain a desired fluid distribution without the ability to measure the actual success of this distribution. The typical references to design such treatments were based on the knowledge of carbonate dissolution reaction by acid, lab scale core testing and reference outputs of matrix acid model simulators 1. Limited work has been carried out to capture actual dissolution behavior and distribution down the well. This includes understanding both acid-diversion efficiency and production contribution for complex and extended reach intervals.The implementation of Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) and Zonal Downhole Gauges as part of the lower completion in one complex, newly drilled well, has enabled the possibility of monitoring real time temperature profiles along the wellbore allowing determination of flow distribution both before and after an acid and diverter stage enters the formation 2. Realizing the effects of acid and diverters will lead to a better understanding of the chemistry, reaction and diversion process, and subsequently to the optimization of future designs. Fluid flow path and zonal isolation was also monitored during the treatment which provided insights into mechanical issues with respect to tubing, packer, cement and wellbore integrity. In addition to the real-time data gathered during the execution of the treatment, considerable knowledge of post stimulation zonal production contribution was afforded for both production and stimulation modeling.This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, execution and findings of a complicated application of both DTS and zonal gauges for matrix acidizing treatments and production characterization on an Ekofisk chalk formation. The primary stimulation and the subsequent re-stimulation was executed in opposite ends of the perforated interval with DTS being recorded prior to and after the stimulation fluid was pumped. The captured lessons learned will be an invaluable reference for future acid stimulation treatments of Danish chalk in the North Sea.
A Decision Analytic Approach to Geosteering Operations
Authors: Kullawan K.. , Bratvold R.. , Bickel J. E. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe technique of geosteering has been widely adopted in the petroleum industry for proper wellbore positioning. The benefits of geosteering have become more pronounced as drilling environments have become more complex. Geosteering-related technologies, such as downhole information gathering tools, real-time data transmission and data-analysis applications, have been continuously and significantly improved to support geosteering decisions. However, the full value of these advancements has yet to be realized.Due to uncertainties in predrilled geological models, information gathered while drilling is applied in making real-time reservoir navigation decisions. To achieve an optimal result requires a series of high-quality decisions regarding well trajectory adjustment.Interestingly, geosteering-related literature does not demonstrate that the industry has applied a logically consistent approach for making geosteering decisions. Common practice as described in the literature does not clearly and quantitatively state measurable objectives, key underlying uncertainties, or relevance between underlying uncertainties and real-time information. Furthermore, it is unclear how a specific geosteering decision is being reached. Lacking of a systematic and transparent framework for supporting geosteering decisions, the current approach is unlikely to result in optimal decisions for placing the well in the best possible location.