bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and preliminary evaluation of a suicidal risk assessment protocol in a randomised controlled trial using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)
Authors: Wileman Vari , McGuinness Serena , Sweeney Louise , Norton Christine , Miller Laura , Stagg Imogen , O’Carroll Ronan , Moss-Morris Rona 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Participants in research trials often disclose severe depression symptoms, including thoughts of self-harm and suicidal ideation, in validated self-administered questionnaires such as the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). However, there is no standard protocol for responding to such disclosure, and the opportunity to support people at risk is potentially missed. We developed and evaluated a risk assessment protocol for the IBD-BOOST randomised controlled trial (ISRCTN71618461 09/09/2019).

Methods
Participants completed the PHQ-9 at baseline and 6-month and 12-month follow-ups. The trial database automatically alerted the research team to risk assess participants. Trial researchers, trained in the protocol, contacted participants by telephone, completed the risk assessment, and signposted participants to appropriate professional services.

Results
Seven hundred eighty participants were randomised in the trial; 41 required risk assessment. One participant declined assessment, so 40 risk assessments were completed. Twenty-four participants were assessed as low-risk and 16 participants as medium-risk, with 12 declaring previous suicide attempts. None were rated as high-risk. Trial participants expressed appreciation for being contacted, and all except two wished to receive information about professional support services. Trial risk assessors reported positive experiences of conducting the risk assessment with suggestions for improvement, which resulted in minor modifications to the protocol.

Discussion
Our evaluation demonstrated that it was viable for a research trial team to successfully conduct a risk-assessment protocol for trial participants reporting thoughts of self-harm, with training and support from senior colleagues. Resources are required for training and delivery, but it is not unduly onerous. Trial participants appeared to find completing the assessment acceptable.
The effectiveness of expressive art therapy on infertile women undergoing surgery: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liu Li , Yang Huiyan , Lei Anjiang , You Huaxuan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Infertility produces infertility-related stress in both members of infertile couples, especially for infertile women. Some studies verified the negative relationship between infertility-related stress and outcomes of infertility treatments. Effective mental health care during fertility treatment is urgently needed, but there has been a lack of efficient support services. To reduce the infertility-related stress of infertile women, expressive art therapeutic schemes will be organized and implemented by certified international expressive art therapists.

Methods
This study is a randomized controlled trial. Participants in the intervention group will receive expressive art therapies after the baseline investigation. Expressive art therapies will be led by the certified international expressive art therapist. The interventions include progressive muscle relaxation training, music meditation and drawing therapy. Participants in the control group will receive routine care. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Fertility Problem Inventory (FPI) will be used to investigate the anxiety, depression, and infertility-related stress of all participants at admission and at discharge.

Discussion
This study will verify the effectiveness and efficiency of expressive art therapies for infertile women. The results will provide new knowledge on mental health care strategies for infertile women.

Trial registration
ChiCTR, ChiCTR2300070618. Registered 14 April 2023.
New insights into the early morphological evolution of sea turtles by re-investigation of Nichollsemys baieri, a three-dimensionally preserved fossil stem chelonioid from the Campanian of Alberta, Canada
Authors: Menon Juliette C. L. , Brinkman Donald B. , Hermanson Guilherme , Joyce Walter G. , Evers Serjoscha W. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe early evolution of Pan-Chelonioidea (sea turtles) is poorly understood. This is in part due to the rarity of undeformed skulls of definitive early stem chelonioids. In this work, we redescribe the holotype of Nichollsemys baieri using µCT scans and segmentations of the skull. This fossil is the best 3D preserved skull of any Campanian sea turtle, and includes partial “soft tissue” preservation. Nichollsemys is morphologically similar but clearly distinct from Toxochelys spp., and both show a mosaic of plesiomorphic and derived chelonioid features. The internal cranial anatomy documents the presence of derived characters in Nichollsemys baieri that are absent in Toxochelys spp., such as the loss of the epipterygoids and the rod-like shape of the rostrum basisphenoidale. Among the numerous plesiomorphic characters is the presence of a splenial bone, which was unnoticed before. An updated phylogenetic analysis retrieves Nichollsemys baieri as a non-protostegid early stem chelonioid in a slightly more crownward position than Toxochelys latiremis. Our phylogeny includes macrobaenids and protostegids as pan-chelonioids, and we find unorthodox results for dermochelyids. Thus, although Nichollsemys baieri provides important new insights into the early morphological evolution of sea turtles, much work remains to be done. As a completely 3D preserved specimen, we included Nichollsemys baieri into a recent landmark-based skull shape dataset of turtles. Morphospace analysis reveals an intermediate position between cryptodires and crown chelonioids. Based on these data, we also predict that Nichollsemys baieri was still capable of neck retraction, constraining the loss of this trait to more crownward pan-chelonioids.
Stakeholders’ participation in decreasing wildfire risk in the context of natural resource management in the Podpoľanie region of Slovakia
Authors: Brodrechtova Yvonne , Majlingová Andrea , Sedmák Róbert 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Key Message
As the number and extent of wildfires are increasing due to climate change and human impacts, the demand for effective risk reduction strategies is growing. Due to limited resources or management capabilities in Slovakia, appropriate multistakeholder participation could help decrease the risk of wildfires while continuing to implement the principles of sustainable forest management. Thus, we recommend improving relationships with responsible stakeholders and increasing their knowledge.

Context
Although the frequency of wildfires has declined in Slovakia, the total burned area per year and the average burned area per fire have increased rapidly, mainly due to traditional land management and increasing numbers of natural disasters resulting from climate change.

Aim
The objective of this study is to assess the participation and management of stakeholders in the region of Podpoľanie, which is the region of Slovakia that is most prone to wildfires. In particular, this study investigates the questions of who is accountable, in what networks, and with regard to what issues with the goal of enhancing efforts to combat wildfires.

Methods
This single-country case study features an exploratory sequential mixed-methods design. While stakeholders’ participation was explored via face-to-face interviews and interest-influence matrices, stakeholders’ prioritization was assessed via an online survey and the quantitative mapping of stakeholders’ involvement, power, interest, and knowledge.

Results
We separately identified primary stakeholders (e.g., fire departments and state-owned forest enterprises) and secondary stakeholders (e.g., municipalities and community members). Tasks related to efforts to combat wildfires were largely in compliance with legal regulations and other mandates. Nonetheless, some stakeholders (e.g., governmental organizations involved in nature protection or nonstate forest owners and the associated enterprises) lacked the knowledge, experience, or responsibility necessary to perform these tasks.

Conclusion
These stakeholders should be informed and monitored closely to achieve outcomes that can benefit a variety of stakeholders. We recommend a plan that involves improving the relationships among primary and secondary stakeholders, increasing their knowledge, and promoting effective participation to decrease the risk of wildfires in the region.
Understanding the impact of COVID-19 on antibiotic use in Canadian primary care: a matched-cohort study using EMR data
Authors: Morkem Rachael , Smith Glenys , Knight Braden , Wong Sabrina T. , Barber David 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Inappropriate or overuse of antibiotic prescribing in primary care highlights an opportunity for antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs aimed at reducing unnecessary use of antimicrobials through education, policies and practice audits that optimize antibiotic prescribing. Evidence from the early part of the pandemic indicates a high rate of prescribing of antibiotics for patients with COVID-19. It is crucial to surveil antibiotic prescribing by primary care providers from the start of the pandemic and into its endemic stage to understand the effects of the pandemic and better target effective AMS programs.

Methods
This was a matched pair population-based cohort study that used electronic medical record (EMR) data from the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN). Participants included all patients that visited their primary care provider and met the inclusion criteria for COVID-19, respiratory tract infection (RTI), or non-respiratory or influenza-like-illness (negative). Four outcomes were evaluated (a) receipt of an antibiotic prescription; (b) receipt of a non-antibiotic prescription; (c) a subsequent primary care visit (for any reason); and (d) a subsequent primary care visit with a bacterial infection diagnosis. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between COVID-19 and each of the four outcomes. Each model was adjusted for location (rural or urban), material and social deprivation, smoking status, alcohol use, obesity, pregnancy, HIV, cancer and number of chronic conditions.

Results
The odds of a COVID-19 patient receiving an antibiotic within 30 days of their visit is much lower than for patients visiting for RTI or for a non-respiratory or influenza-like-illnesses (AOR = 0.08, 95% CI[0.07, 0.09] compared to RTI, and AOR = 0.43, 95% CI[0.38, 0.48] compared to negatives). It was found that a patient visit for COVID-19 was much less likely to have a subsequent visit for a bacterial infection at all time points.

Conclusions
Encouragingly, COVID-19 patients were much less likely to receive an antibiotic prescription than patients with an RTI. However, this highlights an opportunity to leverage the education and attitude change brought about by the public health messaging during the COVID-19 pandemic (that antibiotics cannot treat a viral infection), to reduce the prescribing of antibiotics for other viral RTIs and improve antibiotic stewardship.
Evaluating local plant species for effective fall armyworm management strategies in Taiwan
Authors: Tsai Yuan-Ching , Luo Pei-Qi , Sung Chang-Lin , Li Yi , Hu Fang-Yu , Wang Chih-Lu , Chen Yi-Ning , Hsu Ju-Hsin , Liao Chien-En , Chang Shyh-Rong , Chuang Wen-Po 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The emergence of Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm; FAW) in the world has raised concerns regarding its impact on crop production, particularly on corn and sorghum. While chemical control and Bt crops have been effective in managing FAW damage, the development of pesticide-resistant and Bt-resistant strains necessitates alternative control methods. The push-pull farming system has gained attention, but direct utilization of African plant species in Taiwan faces challenges due to invasive potential and climatic disparities. Therefore, identifying and evaluating suitable local plant species, such as Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum), Desmodium species, and signal grass (Brachiaria brizantha), is crucial for implementing effective FAW management strategies in Taiwan.

Results
In screening fifty Napier grass germplasms, all demonstrated an antibiotic effect, reducing leaf consumption compared to corn. Notably, thirty-five germplasms exhibited robust antibiotic traits, decreasing FAW consumption and increasing mortality rates. Three Napier grass germplasms also attracted more female moths for oviposition. Further evaluation of selected Napier grass germplasms and signal grass demonstrated efficacy in reducing FAW larval weight and survival duration. Additionally, Desmodium species, particularly D. uncinatum, showed promising toxicity against FAW larvae.

Conclusion
Our findings support the effectiveness of selected Napier grass germplasms and signal grass as pull plants, and highlight the potential of D. uncinatum as a push plant in FAW management strategies in Taiwan.
Fine-scale characterization of the soybean rhizosphere microbiome via synthetic long reads and avidity sequencing
Authors: Hale Brett , Watts Caitlin , Conatser Matthew , Brown Edward , Wijeratne Asela J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The rhizosphere microbiome displays structural and functional dynamism driven by plant, microbial, and environmental factors. While such plasticity is a well-evidenced determinant of host health, individual and community-level microbial activity within the rhizosphere remain poorly understood, due in part to the insufficient taxonomic resolution achieved through traditional marker gene amplicon sequencing. This limitation necessitates more advanced approaches (e.g., long-read sequencing) to derive ecological inferences with practical application. To this end, the present study coupled synthetic long-read technology with avidity sequencing to investigate eukaryotic and prokaryotic microbiome dynamics within the soybean (Glycine max) rhizosphere under field conditions.

Results
Synthetic long-read sequencing permitted de novo reconstruction of the entire 18S-ITS1-ITS2 region of the eukaryotic rRNA operon as well as all nine hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene. All full-length, mapped eukaryotic amplicon sequence variants displayed genus-level classification, and 44.77% achieved species-level classification. The resultant eukaryotic microbiome encompassed five kingdoms (19 genera) of protists in addition to fungi – a depth unattainable with conventional short-read methods. In the prokaryotic fraction, every full-length, mapped amplicon sequence variant was resolved at the species level, and 23.13% at the strain level. Thirteen species of Bradyrhizobium were thereby distinguished in the prokaryotic microbiome, with strain-level identification of the two Bradyrhizobium species most reported to nodulate soybean. Moreover, the applied methodology delineated structural and compositional dynamism in response to experimental parameters (i.e., growth stage, cultivar, and biostimulant application), unveiled a saprotroph-rich core microbiome, provided empirical evidence for host selection of mutualistic taxa, and identified key microbial co-occurrence network members likely associated with edaphic and agronomic properties.

Conclusions
This study is the first to combine synthetic long-read technology and avidity sequencing to profile both eukaryotic and prokaryotic fractions of a plant-associated microbiome. Findings herein provide an unparalleled taxonomic resolution of the soybean rhizosphere microbiota and represent significant biological and technological advancements in crop microbiome research.
Proteomic insights into extracellular vesicles in ALS for therapeutic potential of Ropinirole and biomarker discovery
Authors: Kato Chris , Ueda Koji , Morimoto Satoru , Takahashi Shinichi , Nakamura Shiho , Ozawa Fumiko , Ito Daisuke , Daté Yugaku , Okada Kensuke , Kobayashi Naoki , Nakahara Jin , Okano Hideyuki 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold the potential for elucidating the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and serve as biomarkers. Notably, the comparative and longitudinal alterations in the protein profiles of EVs in serum (sEVs) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF; cEVs) of sporadic ALS (SALS) patients remain uncharted. Ropinirole hydrochloride (ROPI; dopamine D2 receptor [D2R] agonist), a new anti-ALS drug candidate identified through induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based drug discovery, has been suggested to inhibit ALS disease progression in the Ropinirole Hydrochloride Remedy for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ROPALS) trial, but its mechanism of action is not well understood. Therefore, we tried to reveal longitudinal changes with disease progression and the effects of ROPI on protein profiles of EVs.

Methods
We collected serum and CSF at fixed intervals from ten controls and from 20 SALS patients participating in the ROPALS trial. Comprehensive proteomic analysis of EVs, extracted from these samples, was conducted using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometer (LC/MS). Furthermore, we generated iPSC-derived astrocytes (iPasts) and performed RNA sequencing on astrocytes with or without ROPI treatment.

Results
The findings revealed notable disparities yet high congruity in sEVs and cEVs protein profiles concerning disease status, time and ROPI administration. In SALS, both sEVs and cEVs presented elevated levels of inflammation-related proteins but reduced levels associated with unfolded protein response (UPR). These results mirrored the longitudinal changes after disease onset and correlated with the revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R) at sampling time, suggesting a link to the onset and progression of SALS. ROPI appeared to counteract these changes, attenuating inflammation-related protein levels and boosting those tied to UPR in SALS, proposing an anti-ALS impact on EV protein profiles. Reverse translational research using iPasts indicated that these changes may partly reflect the DRD2-dependent neuroinflammatory inhibitory effects of ROPI. We have also identified biomarkers that predict diagnosis and disease progression by machine learning-driven biomarker search.

Conclusions
Despite the limited sample size, this study pioneers in reporting time-series proteomic alterations in serum and CSF EVs from SALS patients, offering comprehensive insights into SALS pathogenesis, ROPI-induced changes, and potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers.
Unlocking potential: a qualitative exploration guiding the implementation and evaluation of professional role substitution models in healthcare
Authors: Mutsekwa Rumbidzai N. , Campbell Katrina L. , Canavan Russell , Angus Rebecca L. , McBride Liza-Jane , Byrnes Joshua M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
As role substitution models gain prominence in healthcare, understanding the factors shaping their effectiveness is paramount. This study aimed to investigate factors that impact the implementation and performance evaluation of professional role substitution models in healthcare, with a focus on understanding the variables that determine their success or failure in adoption, execution, continuity, and outcomes.

Methods
The exploratory qualitative study used semi-structured interviews with key opinion leaders, decision makers, facilitators, recipients, and frontline implementers, who had influence and involvement in the implementation of professional role substitution models. Data analysis was guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).

Results
Between November 2022 and April 2023, 39 stakeholders were interviewed. Factors influencing implementation and evaluation of allied health professional role substitution models of care aligned with the five core CFIR domains (innovation, outer setting, inner setting, individuals, implementation process) and outcome domain incorporating implementation and innovation outcomes. The six themes identified within these CFIR domains were, respectively; i) Examining the dynamics of innovation catalysts, evidence, advantages, and disadvantages; ii) Navigating the complex landscape of external factors that influence implementation and evaluation; iii) Impact of internal structural, political, and cultural contexts; iv) The roles and contributions of individuals in the process; v) Essential phases and strategies for effective implementation; and vi) The assessment of outcomes derived from allied health professional role substitution models.

Conclusions
The study highlights the complex interplay of contextual and individual factors that influence the implementation and performance evaluation of professional role substitution models. It emphasises the need for collaboration among diverse stakeholders to navigate the challenges and leverage the opportunities presented by expanded healthcare roles. Understanding these multifaceted factors can contribute to the development of an empowered workforce and a healthcare system that is more efficient, effective, safe, and sustainable, ultimately benefiting patients.
Quantitative Integrative Survival Prediction in Multiple Myeloma Patients Treated With Bortezomib-Based Induction, High-Dose Therapy and Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Hummel Manuela , Hielscher Thomas , Emde-Rajaratnam Martina , Salwender Hans , Beck Susanne , Scheid Christof , Bertsch Uta , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Jauch Anna , Moreaux Jérôme , Seckinger Anja , Hose Dirk 
Published: July 2024

PURPOSE Given the high heterogeneity in survival for patients with multiple myeloma, it would be clinically useful to quantitatively predict the individual survival instead of attributing patients to two to four risk groups as in current models, for example, revised International Staging System (R-ISS), R2-ISS, or Mayo-2022-score. PATIENTS AND METHODS Our aim was to develop a quantitative prediction tool for individual patient's 3-/5-year overall survival (OS) probability. We integrated established clinical and molecular risk factors into a comprehensive prognostic model and evaluated and validated its risk discrimination capabilities versus R-ISS, R2-ISS, and Mayo-2022-score. RESULTS A nomogram for estimating OS probabilities was built on the basis of a Cox regression model. It allows one to translate the individual risk profile of a patient into 3-/5-year OS probabilities by attributing points to each prognostic factor and summing up all points. The nomogram was externally validated regarding discrimination and calibration. There was no obvious bias or overfitting of the prognostic index on the validation cohort. Resampling-based and external evaluation showed good calibration. The c-index of the model was similar on the training (0.76) and validation cohort (0.75) and significantly higher than for the R-ISS ( P < .001) or R2-ISS ( P < .01). CONCLUSION In summary, we developed and validated individual quantitative nomogram-based OS prediction. Continuous risk assessment integrating molecular prognostic factors is superior to R-ISS, R2-ISS, or Mayo-2022-score alone.