bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Core–Shell Albumin Copolymer Nanotransporter for High Capacity Loading and Two‐Step Release of Doxorubicin with Enhanced Anti‐Leukemia Activity
Authors: Wu Yuzhou , Ihme Susann , Feuring‐Buske Michaela , Kuan Seah Ling , Eisele Klaus , Lamla Markus , Wang Yanran , Buske Christian , Weil Tanja 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe native transportation protein serum albumin represents an attractive nano‐sized transporter for drug delivery applications due to its beneficial safety profile. Existing albumin‐based drug delivery systems are often limited by their low drug loading capacity as well as noticeable drug leakage into the blood circulation. Therefore, a unique albumin‐derived core‐shell doxorubicin (DOX) delivery system based on the protein denaturing‐backfolding strategy was developed. 28 DOX molecules were covalently conjugated to the albumin polypeptide backbone via an acid sensitive hydrazone linker. Polycationic and pegylated human serum albumin formed two non‐toxic and enzymatically degradable protection shells around the encapsulated DOX molecules. This core‐shell delivery system possesses notable advantages, including a high drug loading capacity critical for low administration doses, a two‐step drug release mechanism based on pH and the presence of proteases, an attractive biocompatibility and narrow size distribution inherited from the albumin backbone, as well as fast cellular uptake and masking of epitopes due to a high degree of pegylation. The IC50 of these nanoscopic onion‐type micelles was found in the low nanomolar range for Hela cells as well as leukemia cell lines. In vivo data indicate its attractive potential as anti‐leukemia treatment suggesting its promising profile as nanomedicine drug delivery system.
Mobility, mortality, and the middle ages: Identification of migrant individuals in a 14th century black death cemetery population
Authors: Kendall E.J. , Montgomery J. , Evans J.A. , Stantis C. , Mueller V. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractMobility and migration patterns of groups and individuals have long been a topic of interest to archaeologists, used for broad explanatory models of cultural change as well as illustrations of historical particularism. The 14th century AD was a tumultuous period of history in Britain, with severely erratic weather patterns, the Great Famine of 1315–1322, the Scottish Wars of Independence, and the Hundred Years' War providing additional migration pressures to the ordinary economic issues drawing individuals to their capital under more stable conditions. East Smithfield Black Death Cemetery (Royal Mint) had a documented use period of only 2 years (AD 1348–1350), providing a precise historical context (∼50 years) for data. Adults (n = 30) from the East Smithfield site were sampled for strontium and oxygen stable isotope analyses of tooth enamel. Five individuals were demonstrated to be statistical outliers through the combined strontium and oxygen isotope data. Potential origins for migrants ranged from London's surrounding hinterlands to distant portions of northern and western Britain. Historic food sourcing practices for London were found to be an important factor for consideration in a broader than expected 87Sr/86Sr range reflected in a comparison of enamel samples from three London datasets. The pooled dataset demonstrated a high level of consistency between site data, divergent from the geologically predicted range. We argue that this supports the premise that isotope data in human populations must be approached as a complex interaction between behavior and environment and thus should be interpreted cautiously with the aid of alternate lines of evidence. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Morphological variation of genetically confirmedAlouatta Pigra×A. palliatahybrids from a natural hybrid zone in Tabasco, Mexico
Authors: Kelaita Mary A. , Cortés‐Ortiz Liliana 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWhile hybridization has been reported for a large number of primate taxa, there is a general lack of data on hybrid morphology for wild individuals with known genetic ancestry. A confirmed hybrid zone for the closely related Neotropical primatesAlouatta palliataandA. pigrahas provided a unique opportunity to study primate hybrid morphological variation. Here we used molecular evidence based on mitochondrial, Y‐chromosome, and autosomal data to assess hybrid ancestry. We conducted univariate and multivariate statistical comparisons of morphometric data collected from individuals both outside and within the hybrid zone in Tabasco, Mexico. Our results show that of all the hybrids detected (N= 128), only 12% of them were approximately genetically intermediate, and none of them were first generation hybrids. Univariate pairwise comparisons among parental individuals, multigenerational backcrossed hybrids, and intermediate hybrids showed that overall, multigenerational backcrossed hybrids resemble the parental species with which they share most of their alleles. Conversely, intermediates were highly variable. Similarly, principal component analysis depicts an overlap between the parental species and their backcrosses when considering overall morphological differences. Finally, discriminant function analysis of the morphological variables was overall unreliable for classifying individuals into their assigned genotypic classes. Taken together, our results suggest that primate natural hybridization studies should incorporate molecular methods for determining ancestry, because morphology may not always be a reliable indicator of hybrid status. Hybrid zones could comprise a large number of multigenerational backcrossed hybrids that are indistinguishable from the parental species. The implications for studying hybridization in the primate fossil record are discussed. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Consensus Of Identical Linear Systems with Communication Delays by Using the Information of Second‐Order Neighbors
Authors: Rong Lina , Xu Shengyuan , Zhang Baoyong , Yuan Deming 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis paper studies the consensus protocol using the information of second‐order neighbors in undirected and connected networks of linear systems with communication delays. The feedback matrix which guarantees consensus under both the proposed and the traditional protocol is given; it is shown that with this matrix, the networks under the proposed protocol converge faster than the traditional protocol. Based on this result, the delay sensitivity of the proposed protocol is considered under an assumption about the communication topology. The maximum allowable upper bound of the delays is obtained by solving certain linear matrix inequalities. Two simulation examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
A diclofenac suppository–nabumetone combination therapy for arthritic pain relief and a monitoring method for the diclofenac binding capacity of HSA site II in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Setoguchi Nao , Takamura Norito , Fujita Ken‐ichi , Ogata Kenji , Tokunaga Jin , Nishio Toyotaka , Chosa Etsuo , Arimori Kazuhiko , Kawai Keiichi , Yamamoto Ryuichi 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTDiclofenac suppository, a non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID), is used widely in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with severe arthritic pain. As the binding percentage of diclofenac to serum proteins is high, its free (unbound) concentration after rectal administration is low. To increase temporarily the free concentration of diclofenac and to enhance its analgesic effect by inhibiting the protein binding of diclofenac, the analgesic effect of diclofenac was examined before and after the start of an inhibitor administration to RA patients with insufficient control of arthritic pain, and the protein binding capacity of diclofenac was evaluated. Binding experiments were performed by ultrafiltration, and arthritic pain was recorded by the face scale. Free fractions of diazepam and diclofenac were augmented by increasing 6‐methoxy‐2‐naphthylacetic acid (6‐MNA; the active metabolite of the NSAID nabumetone) concentrations. The free fraction of diazepam increased after the start of nabumetone administration to RA patients, and arthritic pain relief was observed. These results suggest that 6‐MNA has an inhibitory effect on the protein binding of diclofenac and the free fraction of diazepam can be used to evaluate the binding capacity of diclofenac. It is considered that diclofenac suppository–nabumetone combination therapy and the method for protein binding monitoring by diazepam can positively benefit RA patients with insufficient control of arthritic pain. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Outcome of surgical resection of second-time locally recurrent rectal cancer
Authors: Harji D P , Sagar P M , Boyle K , Maslekar S , Griffiths B , McArthur D R 
Published: December 2012

Abstract

Background
Locally recurrent rectal cancer relapses in the pelvis in up to 60 per cent of patients following resection. This study assessed the surgical and oncological outcomes of patients who underwent surgery for re-recurrent rectal cancer.

Methods
Patients who underwent second-time resection of locally recurrent rectal cancer between 2001 and 2010 were eligible for inclusion. Data were collected on demographics, presentation of disease, preoperative staging imaging, adjuvant therapy, operative detail, histopathology and follow-up status (clinical and imaging) for the primary tumour, and first and second recurrences.

Results
Thirty patients (of 56 discussed at the multidisciplinary meeting) underwent resection of re-recurrent rectal cancer. Postoperative morbidity occurred in nine patients but none died within 30 days. Negative resection margins (R0) were achieved in ten patients, microscopic margin positivity (R1) was evident in 15 and macroscopic involvement (R2) was found in five. Although no patient had distant metastatic disease, 22 had involvement of the pelvic side wall. One- and 3-year overall survival rates were 77 and 27 per cent respectively, with a median overall survival of 23 (range 3–78) months. An R0 resection conferred a survival benefit (median survival 32 (11–78) months versus 19 (6–33) months after R1 and 7 (3–10) months after R2 resection).

Conclusion
Surgical resection of re-recurrent rectal cancer had comparable surgical and oncological outcomes to initial recurrences in well selected patients.
Ultra‐high pressure LC for astaxanthin determination in shrimp by‐products and active food packaging
Authors: Sanches‐Silva A. , Ribeiro T. , Albuquerque T. G. , Paseiro P. , Sendón R. , de Quirós A. Bernaldo , López‐Cervantes J. , Sánchez‐Machado D. I. , Soto Valdez H. , Angulo I. , Aurrekoetxea G. P. , Costa H. S. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTNowadays, there is increasing interest in natural antioxidants from food by‐products. Astaxanthin is a potent antioxidant and one of the major carotenoids in crustaceans and salmonids. An ultra‐high pressure liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the determination of astaxanthin in shrimp by‐products, and its migration from new packaging materials to food simulants was also studied. The method uses an UPLC® BEH guard‐column (2.1 × 5 mm, 1.7 µm particle size) and an UPLC® BEH analytical column (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7 µm particle size). Chromatographic separation was achieved using a programmed gradient mobile phase consisting of (A) acetonitrile–methanol (containing 0.05 m ammonium acetate)–dichloromethane (75:20:5, v/v/v) and (B) ultrapure water. This method was evaluated with respect to validation parameters such as linearity, precision, limit of detection, limit of quantification and recovery. Low‐density polyethylene films were prepared with different amounts of the lipid fraction of fermented shrimp waste by extrusion, and migration was evaluated into food simulants (isooctane and ethanol 95%, v/v). Migration was not detected under the tested conditions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Climate Change Response: Evidence from the Margaret River Wine Region of Australia
Authors: Galbreath Jeremy 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThis study explores the relevancy of climate change to business using a sample of wine firms operating in Margaret River, Western Australia, one of the premier wine regions of the world. Using a qualitative approach based on thematic analysis, the results challenge the extent to which climate change is a salient stakeholder, while demonstrating that the phenomenon may, in fact, be beneficial. Response actions towards climate change demonstrate both mitigative and adaptive actions, although differences in their level and rate of implementation appear to be attributable to a mix of normative and instrumental trade‐offs. Implications of the findings are discussed, with a particular focus on location theory and economic barriers as a key driver of trade‐offs between the choice of mitigative or adaptive response to climate change. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
A segment‐based sparse matrix–vector multiplication on CUDA
Authors: Feng Xiaowen , Jin Hai , Zheng Ran , Shao Zhiyuan , Zhu Lei 
Published: December 2012

SUMMARYThe challenge for Sparse Matrix–Vector multiplication (SpMV) performance is memory bandwidth, which mostly depends on input matrices and underlying computing platforms. To solve this challenge, many researchers have explored a variety of optimization techniques. One of the most promising aspects focuses on designing storage formats to represent sparse matrices. However, lots of prior storage formats cannot fully take advantage of the underlying computing platforms, resulting in unsatisfactory performance and large memory footprint. Therefore, a novel storage format, called Segmented Hybrid ELL + Compressed Sparse Row (CSR) (SHEC for short), is proposed to further improve the throughput and lessen memory footprint on Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). SHEC format employs an interleaved combination pattern, which combines certain amount of compressed rows to form a new SHEC row. Segmentation is brought in to balance load and reduce memory footprint. According to the empirical data, an automatic SHEC‐based SpMV is developed to fit for all the matrices. Experimental results show that SHEC approach outperforms the best results of NVIDIA SpMV library and exhibits a comparable performance with state‐of‐the‐art storage formats on the standard dataset. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Finite volume simulation of unsteady shock‐cavitation in compressible water
Authors: Causon D. M. , Mingham C. G. 
Published: December 2012

SUMMARYThe present paper extends an established Riemann‐based finite volume hydrocode for compressible pure water to admit change of phase. The thermal and caloric behaviour of water and water vapour is described by a one‐fluid model on the assumption that the two‐phase regime can be described locally within a finite volume cell as a homogeneous mixture that remains in thermodynamic equilibrium. Closure of the equation set is achieved by deriving equations of state for pure fluids and the mixture that cover all possible fluid states. Following a description of the flow model and the numerical method, computations are carried out to demonstrate the potential of the method. Calculations include a one‐dimensional cavitation tube, one‐dimensional condensation front, collapse of a cavitation bubble in water in one dimension, and an unsteady two‐dimensional hypervelocity flow past a cavitating hydrofoil. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In Situ Soft X‐ray Microscopy Study of Fe Interconnect Corrosion in Ionic Liquid‐Based Nano‐PEMFC Half‐Cells
Authors: Bozzini B. , Gianoncelli A. , Kaulich B. , Mele C. , Prasciolu M. , Kiskinova M. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis in situ soft X‐ray scanning microscopy electrochemical study of model proton exchange cathodic and anodic nano‐fuel cells is exploring the evolving structure and chemical composition of key cell components represented by Au and Fe electrodes in contact with Nafion‐ionic liquid composite electrolyte containing Pt black catalyst particles. Morphological and chemical changes of the electrodes as well as the chemical state and fate of the Fe species released into the electrolyte are monitored in short circuit and with applied cathodic or anodic polarization. The in situ X‐ray absorption images of the cathodic cell fed with 2.5 × 10–5 mbar O2 have revealed corrosion‐induced morphology changes in the Fe electrode, being more pronounced in the vicinity of Pt‐black particles, and deposition of the Fe species released into the electrolyte, onto the intact Au counter electrode upon cathodic polarization. The Fe electrodes of the anodic cell containing NaBH4 in the electrolyte appear relatively more corrosion resistant. The Fe L3 absorption spectra taken in different locations within the Fe electrode have shown lateral variations in the relative ratio between Fe2+ and Fe3&4+ oxidation states, whereas the Fe species released into the RTIL electrolyte are only in the high Fe3&4+ oxidation states.
Late‐life depression in older African Americans: a comprehensive review of epidemiological and clinical data
Authors: Pickett Yolonda R. , Bazelais Kisha N. , Bruce Martha L. 
Published: December 2012

ObjectiveThe population of older African Americans is expected to triple by 2050, highlighting the public health importance of understanding their mental health needs. Despite evidence of the negative impact of late‐life depression, less is known of how this disorder affects the lives of older African Americans. Lack of studies focusing on how depression presents in older African Americans and their subsequent treatment needs lead to a gap in epidemiologic and clinical knowledge for this population. In this review, we aim to present a concise report of prevalence, correlates, course, outcomes, symptom recognition, and treatment of depression for these individuals.MethodWe performed a literature review of English‐language articles identified from PubMed and Medline published between January 1990 and June 2012. Studies included older adults and contained the key words ‘geriatric depression in African Americans’, ‘geriatric depression in Blacks’, and ‘geriatric depression in minorities’.ResultsAlthough in most studies, older African Americans had higher or equivalence prevalence of depression compared with Caucasian Americans, we also found lower rates of recognition of depression and treatment. Many studies reported worse outcomes associated for depression among older African Americans compared with older Caucasians.ConclusionsSerious racial and ethnic disparities persist in the management of older African Americans with depression. Understanding their unmet needs and improving depression care for these individuals is necessary to reduce these disparities. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Response of hydrology to climate change in the southern Appalachian Mountains using Bayesian inference
Authors: Wu Wei , Clark James S. , Vose James M. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractPredicting long‐term consequences of climate change on hydrologic processes has been limited due to the needs to accommodate the uncertainties in hydrological measurements for calibration, and to account for the uncertainties in the models that would ingest those calibrations and uncertainties in climate predictions as basis for hydrological predictions. We implemented a hierarchical Bayesian (HB) analysis to coherently admit multiple data sources and uncertainties including data inputs, parameters, and model structures to identify the potential consequences of climate change on soil moisture and streamflow at the head watersheds ranging from low to high elevations in the southern Appalachian region of the United States. We have considered climate change scenarios based on three greenhouse gas emission scenarios of the Interovernmental Panel on Climate Change: A2, A1B, and B1 emission scenarios.Full predictive distributions based on HB models are capable of providing rich information and facilitating the summarization of prediction uncertainties. With predictive uncertainties taken into account, the most pronounced change in soil moisture and streamflow would occur under the A2 scenario at both low and high elevations, followed by the A1B scenario and then by the B1 scenario. Uncertainty in the change of soil moisture is less than that of streamflow for each season, especially at high elevations. A reduction of soil moisture in summer and fall, a reduction or slight increase of streamflow in summer, and an increase of streamflow in winter are predicted for all three scenarios at both low and high elevations.The hydrological predictions with quantified uncertainties from a HB model could aid more‐informed water resource management in developing mitigation plans and dealing with water security under climate change. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FINANCIAL INTEGRATION AND EXTERNAL SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: Towbin Pascal 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTA stable net external position requires that the trade balance responds negatively to changes in the net external position. If financial integration makes financing external imbalances less costly, we expect slower external adjustment in more integrated economies. The study estimates theoretically founded trade balance reaction functions for a panel of 70 countries from 1970–2008. The empirical analysis finds that adjustment in integrated economies is slower. Consistent with the presented theory, the trade balance of integrated economies is more persistent, responds less strongly to net foreign assets and is more sensitive to fluctuations in net output. Under high integration, the response to the net external position is weak and close to the minimum required to ensure external sustainability. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Systematic investigation of protein–small molecule interactions
Authors: Li Xiyan , Wang Xin , Snyder Michael 
Published: December 2012

AbstractCell signaling is extensively wired between cellular components to sustain cell proliferation, differentiation, and adaptation. The interaction network is often manifested in how protein function is regulated through interacting with other cellular components including small molecule metabolites. While many biochemical interactions have been established as reactions between protein enzymes and their substrates and products, much less is known at the system level about how small metabolites regulate protein functions through allosteric binding. In the past decade, study of protein–small molecule interactions has been lagging behind other types of interactions. Recent technological advances have explored several high‐throughput platforms to reveal many “unexpected” protein–small molecule interactions that could have profound impact on our understanding of cell signaling. These interactions will help bridge gaps in existing regulatory loops of cell signaling and serve as new targets for medical intervention. In this review, we summarize recent advances of systematic investigation of protein–metabolite/small molecule interactions, and discuss the impact of such studies and their potential impact on both biological researches and medicine. © 2012 IUBMB Life, 65(1):2–8, 2013