bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HLA‐DRB1*0410‐Restricted Recognition of XAGE‐1b37‐48 Peptide by CD4 T Cells
Authors: Morishita Yoshiyuki , Uenaka Akiko , Kaya Savas , Sato Shuichiro , Aji Toshiki , Nakayama Eiichi 
Published: November 2013

AbstractXAGE‐1b belongs to cancer/testis (CT) antigens, and has been shown to be expressed frequently in lung cancers and to elicit an antibody response in patients with XAGE‐1b‐expressing tumors. In this study, we investigated an XAGE‐1b peptide recognized by CD4 T cells. CD4 T cells were purified from PBMC of a healthy donor and stimulated with pooled 25‐mer peptides overlapped with 15 amino acids spanning the entire XAGE‐1b protein. The generation of XAGE‐1b‐specific CD4 T cells was shown by IFN7 secretion assay. A CD4 T cell clone OHD1 was obtained by limiting dilution. OHD1 recognized two overlapping peptides, XAGE1‐b33–49 and XAGE‐1b37–52, by ELISPOT assay. A peptide XAGE‐1b38–46 which was included in both XAGE‐1b33–49 and XAGE‐1b37–52 was predicted to be a DRB1*0410‐restricted 9‐mer peptide by a computer‐based program. We identified the 12‐mer peptide XAGE‐1b37–48 as a new XAGE‐1b epitope restricted to HLA‐DRB1*0410.
Identification of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157‐Specific DNA Sequence Obtained from Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis
Authors: Tokunaga Akihiko , Kawano Masanori , Okura Masatoshi , Iyoda Sunao , Watanabe Haruo , Osawa Ro 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAn approximately 1.1 kbp fragment that was commonly observed only in the enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157 strains in an analysis of amplified fragment length polymorphism was found to be a partial gene sequence encoding the locus of toxB and a useful molecular marker for the identification of EHEC O157.
Antibiotics Protect against Septic Shock in Mice Administered β‐Glucan and Indomethacin
Authors: Nameda Sachiko , Miura Noriko N. , Adachi Yoshiyuki , Ohno Naohito 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe have developed an animal model of sepsis in mice by repeatedly administering β‐glucan, a biological response modifier, and indomethacin (IND), a nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug. The combination of these drugs induced bacteremia by translocation of the enterobacterial flora, resulting in increasing the number of activated leukocytes, and inducing hyper cytokinemia. In the present study, we examined the effect of antibiotics on β‐glucan and IND‐induced septic shock. Treatment with antibiotics inhibited microbial translocation, inhibited contraction of the colon, reduced lipopolysaccharides (LPS)‐elicited production of TNF‐α and IL‐6, and finally prolonged survival. However, the efficacy of antibiotics treatment was limited in mice administered IND orally. These findings strongly suggested that the antibiotics controlled the gut‐associated action of IND and reduced various symptoms accompanying sepsis.
Exposure to Leishmania major Modulates the Proportion of CD4T Cells without Affecting Cellular Immune Responses
Authors: Alimohammadian Mohammad Hossein , Darabi Haiedeh , Malekzadeh Shirin , Mahmoodzadeh‐Niknam Hamid , Ajdary Soheila , Khamesipour Ali , Bahonar Ahmad , Mofarrah Alireza 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe immune responses of individuals exposed to Leishmania major were evaluated and compared with those of non‐exposed volunteers. Forty‐one patients with active lesion(s), 43 healed individuals, 15 vaccinees 1 month or 1 year post vaccination, and 15 non‐exposed volunteers were studied. Leishmanin skin test (LST) response, proliferative response of lymphocyte (PRL) to L. major antigen, IFN‐γ and IL‐4 production, and percentage of L. major‐specific CD4+, CD8+ and CD16/CD56+ cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were assessed. Data showed positive LST (>5 mm) in 92% of patients, 98% of healed, and 80% or 43% of vaccinees 1 month and 1 year post vaccination, respectively. Positive PRL (SI>2.5) was displayed in 90%, 84%, 46% and 7% of patients, healed, vaccinated (post 1 year) and non‐exposed donors, respectively. The mean ±S.E. of IFN‐γ was 924 ± 149, 1,278 ± 185, 470 ± 282 or 258 ± 82 pg/ml in patients, healed cases and vaccinees after 1 month or 1 year, respectively. Positive IFN‐γ responders (>300 pg/ml) were shown in 72% of patients, 81% of healed cases, 31% or 39% of vaccinees and 0% of non‐exposed donors. A reduced percentage of CD4+ T‐cells and an increased percentage of NK cells were found in exposed individuals compared to non‐exposed donors. The data indicated that exposure to L. major modulates the proportion of CD4+T cells and increases NK cells percentage. However, the cellular immune responses including induction of LST, and IFN‐γ production are increased in exposed individuals.
Immune Responses of Mice to Influenza Subunit Vaccine in Combination with CIA07 as an Adjuvant
Authors: Park Shin Ae , Song Eun Sun , Cho Yang Je , Ahn Bo Young , Ha Suk‐Hoon , Seong Bak Lin , Lee Kwang Hee , Lee Na Gyong 
Published: November 2013

AbstractCIA07 is an immunostimulatory agent composed of E. coli DNA fragments and modified LPS lacking the lipid A moiety. In this study, we investigated whether CIA07 promotes immune responses as an adjuvant to the influenza subunit vaccine. Balb/c mice were immunized intramuscularly once or twice at a 4‐week interval with the trivalent influenza subunit vaccine antigen alone or in combination with CIA07 as adjuvant. Antigen‐specific serum antibody titers and hemagglutination‐inhibition (HI) antibody titers were assessed. At 4 weeks after each immunization, the antigen‐specific total serum IgG antibody titer in mice receiving CIA07 was 2 to 3 times higher than that in animals administered antigen alone (P<0.05). The CIA07‐treated group additionally displayed higher HI antibody titers against each of the 3 vaccine strains, compared to the antigen group. Animals receiving antigen alone displayed barely detectable antigen‐specific serum IgG2a antibody titers. In contrast, coadministration of CIA07 with antigen led to significantly enhanced IgG2a antibody responses, suggesting that CIA07 stimulates a Th1‐type immune response. Moreover, the CIA07‐treated group displayed a marked increase in the number of interferon γ‐producing CD8+ T cells in splenocytes. These data collectively demonstrate that CIA07 has the ability to induce both Th1‐type cellular and Th2‐type humoral immune responses to the influenza subunit vaccine, and support its potential as an effective adjuvant to the influenza vaccine.
The history of nurse imagery and the implications for recruitment: a discussion paper
Authors: Price Sheri L. , McGillis Hall Linda 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAimThis paper presents a discussion of the history of nurse imagery in the context of recent career choice research and the need for contemporary images for nursing recruitment.BackgroundThe critical and growing shortage of nurses is a global concern. Understanding how individuals come to know nursing as a career choice is of critical importance. Stereotypical imaging and messaging of the nursing profession have been shown to shape nurses' expectations and perceptions of nursing as a career, which has implications for both recruitment and retention.Data SourcesRelevant research and literature on nurse imagery in relation to career choice and recruitment were identified through a search of the CINAHL, PsychINFO, Sociological Abstracts, PubMed; Medline and Embase databases from 1970–2012.DiscussionHistorical images of nurses and nursing remain prevalent in society today and continue to influence the choice of nursing as a career among the upcoming generation of nurses. Students interested in nursing may be dissuaded from choosing it as a career based on negative, stereotypical images, especially those that position the profession as inferior to medicine.Implications for NursingUnderstanding the evolution and perpetuation of popular images and messages in relation to the profession has implications for not only how we recruit and retain future generations of professional nurses but also holds implications for interprofessional collaboration between nursing and other health disciplines.ConclusionStrategies for future recruitment and socialization within the nursing and the health professions need to include contemporary and realistic imaging of both health professional roles and practice settings.
Florence Nightingale and Mary Seacole on nursing and health care
Authors: McDonald Lynn 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAimsThe purpose of this article is to correct inaccurate information about both Mary Seacole and Florence Nightingale, material that promotes Seacole as a pioneer nurse and heroine, while either ignoring Nightingale or trivializing her contribution.BackgroundNursing journals have been prominent in promoting inaccurate accounts of the contribution of Seacole to nursing. Some have intermittently published positive material about Nightingale, but none has published redress.DesignDiscussion paper.DataPrimary sources from 1855–2012 were found, which contradict some key claims made about Seacole. Further sources – not included here – are identified, with a website reference.Implications for NursingIt is argued that Nightingale remains relevant as a model for nurses, with the many crises in patient care and continuing challenges of hospital safety.ConclusionGreater accuracy and honesty are required in reporting about nursing heroes. Without these, great ideas and examples can be lost to nursing and health care.
The gendered impact of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: a qualitative study of patients' experiences
Authors: Björkman Ida , Dellenborg Lisen , Ringström Gisela , Simrén Magnus , Jakobsson Ung Eva 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to explore the impact of irritable bowel syndrome on daily life from a gender perspective.BackgroundIrritable bowel syndrome is a common functional disorder, characterized by abdominal pain, diarrhoea and/or constipation. Sufferers experience negative emotions due to unpredictable symptoms and sometimes feel trivialized by healthcare professionals. The sufferers' experience of living with this disorder has never been explored from a gender perspective.DesignA qualitative, interpretative method was used.MethodsA qualitative, hermeneutic method was applied. Interviews were conducted with 19 patients in 2011 and analysed in a constructionist gender framework. Constructionist gender theory views gender and identity as cultural constructs that develop through interplay between the individual and his/her social context and cultural norms.FindingsThe main theme to emerge from the interviews was as follows: ‘A normative framework of femaleness and maleness leads to suffering for persons with irritable bowel syndrome’. This consists of three interwoven themes: ‘Being forced to abandon gender illusions’; ‘Being forced to transcend taboos’ and ‘Reinforced suffering in healthcare encounters’. Men demonstrated masculinity by stressing the importance of being solid family providers while women spoke of nurturing and relational responsibilities in line with traditional notions of femininity.ConclusionThe experience of living with irritable bowel syndrome differs between men and women due to differing societal expectations, life situation and the everyday construction of gender identities. Gender stereotyping by healthcare professionals perpetuates rather than alleviates the suffering experienced by men and women with irritable bowel syndrome. In healthcare encounters, women risk being trivialized and men risk being overlooked due to the ‘female health concern’ label attached to irritable bowel syndrome.
What counts as effective communication in nursing? Evidence from nurse educators' and clinicians' feedback on nurse interactions with simulated patients
Authors: O'Hagan Sally , Manias Elizabeth , Elder Catherine , Pill John , Woodward‐Kron Robyn , McNamara Tim , Webb Gillian , McColl Geoff 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAimTo examine the feedback given by nurse educators and clinicians on the quality of communication skills of nurses in interactions with simulated patients.BackgroundThe quality of communication in interactions between nurses and patients has a major influence on patient outcomes. To support the development of effective nursing communication in clinical practice, a good understanding of what constitutes effective communication is helpful.DesignAn exploratory design was used involving individual interviews, focus groups and written notes from participants and field notes from researchers to investigate perspectives on nurse–patient communication.MethodsFocus groups and individual interviews were held between August 2010–September 2011 with a purposive sample of 15 nurse educators and clinicians who observed videos of interactions between nurses and simulated patients. These participants were asked to give oral feedback on the quality and content of these interactions. Verbatim transcriptions were undertaken of all data collected. All written notes and field notes were also transcribed. Thematic analysis of the data was undertaken.FindingsFour major themes related to nurse–patient communication were derived from the educators' and clinicians' feedback: approach to patients and patient care, manner towards patients, techniques used for interacting with patients and generic aspects of communication.ConclusionThis study has added to previous research by contributing grounded evidence from a group of nurse educators and clinicians on the aspects of communication that are relevant for effective nurse–patient interactions in clinical practice.
The Effects of Liberalizing Migration on Permanent Migrants' Education Structure
Authors: Huber Peter , Bock‐Schappelwein Julia 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis article explores how the full liberalization of migration as a consequence of Austria's European economic area (EEA) accession in 1994 impacted on the education structure of migrants to Austria. To identify the effects of this policy change, use is made of the fact that only migrants from EEA member states were affected, while third country citizens were not. Robust evidence is found that the share of low educated permanent migrants from the EEA to Austria reduced relative to the share of low educated permanent migrants from other countries after Austria's EEA accession. This suggests that liberalizing migration may be an effective way to improve the skill structure of migrants in countries with a high share of low‐skilled migrants.
Political and Economic Integration in the EU: The Case of Failed Tax Harmonization
Authors: Wasserfallen Fabio 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe European Union (EU) tax mandate remains narrow. That there was only a limited transfer of tax authority to the EU exemplifies the failure of political and fiscal integration. Using a political economy framework, this article analyzes why the heads of state rejected tax harmonization proposals in the intergovernmental conferences. The presented findings of the original data on the Maastricht, Nice and Lisbon negotiations support the main hypothesis derived from the theoretical framework – namely that resistance against tax harmonization came predominantly from low‐tax countries. Moreover, the results indicate that after the accession of the central and eastern European countries the prospects of harmonizing tax policy starkly decreased. The analysis shows that tax heterogeneity and the enlargements have negative effects on tax integration. Based on the empirical findings and the theoretical framework, the article concludes by discussing how the creation of the monetary union restructured the politics of tax Europeanization and fiscal integration.
Flood risk management in the Netherlands after the 1953 flood: a competition between the public value(s) of water
Authors: Correljé A. , Broekhans B. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDeltas like the Netherlands always face flooding risk. After the flood of 1953, flood risk management was geared towards achieving full safety, controlling the probability of flooding with high dikes and a shorter coastline. Yet, this approach became increasingly contested, as flood risk control was (re) linked to other values of water, like nature and landscape preservation and economic activities. This paper reconstructs how the process of policy making and implementation has sought to balance these multiple values over time. It shows that public values did not develop linearly into concrete standards and practices. Processes of re‐articulation and political renegotiation of the meaning and importance of water safety took different paths with regard to both the river systems and the coastline. Curves in these paths can be seen as feedback mechanisms that verify the robustness of flood risk management measures and/or respond to changes in the character of the public values involved.
Efficacy of continuous plasma diafiltration therapy in critical patients with acute liver failure
Authors: Komura Takuya , Taniguchi Takumi , Sakai Yoshio , Yamashita Tatsuya , Mizukoshi Eishiro , Noda Toru , Okajima Masaki , Kaneko Shuichi 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackground and AimsAcute liver failure (ALF) is a critical illness with high mortality. Plasma diafiltration (PDF) is a blood purification therapy that is useful for ALF patients, but it is difficult to use when those patients have multiple organ failure or unstable hemodynamics. In these patients, symptoms are also likely to exacerbate immediately after PDF therapy. We developed continuous PDF (CPDF) as a new concept in PDF therapy, and assessed its efficacy and safety in ALF patients.MethodsTen ALF patients (gender: M/F 6/4, Age: 47 ± 14) were employed CPDF therapy. The primary outcomes were altered liver function, measured by the model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) score, and total bilirubin and prothrombin time international normalized ratios (PT‐INR), 5 days after CPDF therapy. Secondary outcomes included sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores, 5 days after CPDF therapy, and the survival rate 14 days after this therapy.ResultsThe MELD score (34.5–28.0; P = 0.005), total bilirubin (10.9–7.25 mg/dL; P = 0.048), PT‐INR (1.89–1.31; P = 0.084), and SOFA score (10.0–7.5; P < 0.039) were improved 5 days after CPDF therapy. Nine patients were alive, and one patient died because of acute pancreatitis, complicated by ALF. There were no major adverse events related to this therapy under hemodynamic stability.ConclusionIn the present study, CPDF therapy safely supported liver function and generally improved the condition of critically ill patients with ALF.
Sitafloxacin‐based third‐line rescue regimens for Helicobacter pylori infection in Japan
Authors: Furuta Takahisa , Sugimoto Mitsushige , Kodaira Chise , Nishino Masafumi , Yamade Mihoko , Uotani Takahiro , Sahara Shu , Ichikawa Hitomi , Yamada Takanori , Osawa Satoshi , Sugimoto Ken , Watanabe Hiroshi , Umemura Kazuo 
Published: November 2013

AbstractsBackgroundsQuinolone‐based regimens have been used as the rescue for eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Sitafloxacin is known to have low minimum inhibitory concentration for H. pylori. Here, we compared two sitafloxacin‐based eradication regimens as rescue for the eradication of H. pylori.MethodsWe attempted to eradicate H. pylori in 180 Japanese patients who had never failed in eradication of H. pylori with the triple proton pump inhibitor/amoxicillin/clarithromycin therapy (1st line) and the triple proton pump inhibitor/amoxicillin/metronidazole therapy (2nd line). They were assigned to either the triple therapy with rabeprazole 10 mg b.i.d./q.i.d., amoxicillin 500 mg q.i.d, and sitafloxacin 100 mg b.i.d. (RAS) for 1 or 2 weeks or the triple therapy with rabeprazole 10 mg b.i.d./q.i.d., metronidazole 250 mg b.i.d., and sitafloxacin 100 mg b.i.d. (RMS) for 1 or 2 weeks. Eradication was assessed via the 13C‐urea breath test and rapid urease test.ResultsIntention‐to‐treat and per‐protocol analyses of eradication rates were 84.1% (37/44) and 86.4% (37/43) with RAS for 1 week, 88.9% (40/45) and 90.9% (40/44) for RAS for 2 weeks, 90.9% (40/44) and 90.9% (40/44) for 1 week‐RMS and 87.2% (41/47) and 91.1% (41/45) with RMS for 2 weeks. We noted no statistical significant differences in eradication rates among four regimens.ConclusionAll of the above‐described rescue regimens proved relatively equally useful in the eradication of H. pylori. Of them, RAS for 2 weeks and RMS for 1 or 2 weeks could attain the rescue eradication rates higher than 90% by per‐protocol analysis.
Expression level of sonic hedgehog correlated with the speed of gastric mucosa regeneration in artificial gastric ulcers
Authors: Tanaka Takeshi , Arai Makoto , Minemura Shoko , Oyamada Arata , Saito Keiko , Jiang Xia , Tsuboi Masaru , Sazuka Sayuri , Maruoka Daisuke , Matsumura Tomoaki , Nakagawa Tomoo , Sugaya Shigeru , Kanda Tatsuo , Katsuno Tatsuro , Kita Kazuko , Kishimoto Takashi , Imazeki Fumio , Kaneda Atsushi , Yokosuka Osamu 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackground and AimGastric ulcer healing is a complex process involving cell proliferation and tissue remodeling. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) activates the Shh signaling pathway, which plays a key role in processes such as tissue repair. Shh and interleukin 1β (IL1β) have been reported to influence the proliferation of gastric mucosa. We evaluated the relationships between the speed of gastric ulcer healing and the levels of expression of Shh and IL1β.MethodsThe study included 45 patients (mean age 71.9 ± 9.0 years; M/F, 30/15) who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for gastric cancer, followed by standard dose of oral proton‐pump inhibitor for 4 weeks. Subsequently, the size of ESD‐induced artificial ulcers were measured to determine the speed of gastric ulcer healing, and regenerating mucosa around the ulcers and appropriately matched controls were collected from patients by endoscopic biopsy. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array analysis of genes in the Shh signaling pathway was performed, and quantitative reverse transcription (RT)‐PCR was used to measure IL1β mRNA.ResultsThe levels of Shh and IL1β mRNA were 3.0 ± 2.7‐fold and 2.5 ± 2.5‐fold higher, respectively, in regenerating mucosa of artificial ulcers than in appropriately matched controls, with the two being positively correlated (r = 0.9, P < 0.001). Shh (r = 0.8, P < 0.001) and IL1β (r = 0.7, P < 0.005) expression was each positively correlated with the speed of gastric ulcer healing, but multivariate analysis showed that Shh expression was the only significant parameter (P = 0.045).ConclusionsExpression of Shh was correlated with the speed of gastric ulcer healing, promoting the regeneration of gastric mucosa.