bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pour une nouvelle formation en muséologie : au-delà du « savoir » et du « savoir-faire », le « savoir-devenir »
Authors: Bergeron Yves , Hoffman Sheila 
Published: May 2015

Au cours des deux dernières décennies, une vaste réflexion a porté sur les transformations profondes qui sont venues bouleverser le monde des musées. En plus de mener des travaux portant sur les tendances sociétales et leurs répercussions sur la démocratisation culturelle, qui affectent les comportements des visiteurs, jeunes comme adultes, il devient impératif pour le monde universitaire de poser un regard critique sur les grandes orientations qui balisent la formation des muséologues en Amérique du Nord et en Europe. L’examen des transformations de l’institution muséale commande une véritable transformation des programmes d’études supérieures en muséologie, afin de faire face aux nouveaux enjeux de la culture et de son développement. Cet article identifie certaines tendances, comme la convergence des bibliothèques, des archives et des musées, traduite par l’expression anglophone « L.A.M. », la cybermuséologie et les TIC, qui contribuent à transformer l’institution muséale. Celles-ci convoquent de nouvelles perspectives à l’égard du savoir, du savoir-faire et du savoir-être, voire du « savoir-devenir », dans la formation d’études supérieures en muséologie, afin de faire face aux nouveaux défis et enjeux posés par la société de demain.
La figure du réseau au cinéma : coupe(s) mobile(s) pour représenter les dynamiques de l’urbain contemporain
Authors: Laffont Georges-Henry 
Published: May 2015

Figurer l’urbain contemporain, c’est relever l’enjeu de formaliser des rythmes, des mouvements, des fluctuations tout en cherchant à ne pas faire abstraction de son caractère dynamique. En structurant le propos autour du réseau, vocable polysémique et représentation graphique protéiforme rendant le mieux compte de l’urbain contemporain, du moins est-ce l’hypothèse ici formulée, cet article vise à discuter des enjeux actuels, tant conceptuels que méthodologiques, de la représentation des temporalités et des dynamiques. Exprimer graphiquement le réseau dans sa complexité invite à passer de coupes immobiles à des coupes mobiles et la thèse défendue ici est que le cinéma, par son imaginaire graphique peut participer de cet exercice. Cet apport tient notamment au fait que le cinéma permet d’isoler deux éléments d’analyses de l’urbain qui s’expriment graphiquement : le damier et la trajectoire.
Définitions opérationnelles du temps pour l’analyse des données longitudinales : illustration dans le champ des mobilités spatiales
Authors: Pistre Pierre , Commenges Hadrien , Guerrero David , Proulhac Laurent 
Published: May 2015

La temporalité des phénomènes étudiés en sciences humaines et sociales pose des problèmes théoriques complexes et des problèmes techniques spécifiques, notamment d’analyse et de visualisation de l’information temporelle. Cet article propose une typologie opérationnelle distinguant trois types de temps – calendrier, processus et succession – puis il illustre l’intérêt de cette typologie à travers trois cas d’étude qui traitent des mobilités spatiales (parcours résidentiels, programmes d’activités et de déplacements quotidiens, itinéraires d’acheminement de marchandises). Ces exemples sont analysés à partir de données longitudinales et de plusieurs modes de représentation graphique (en chronogramme, en tapis, en coulées). Nous cherchons ainsi à enrichir et clarifier l’appréhension du temps comme attribut dans un système d’information statistique. Notre démarche de recherche a été largement inductive et pragmatique. Nous sommes partis de préoccupations thématiques et techniques particulières, concernant l’analyse et la représentation graphique des données longitudinales, pour aller vers des spécifications théoriques plus générales du temps. Nous avons cherché, en somme, à modeler un temps à la mesure de nos objets de recherche. Cette démarche est restituée en sens inverse dans l’article : de la réflexion théorique à la mise en pratique dans le champ des mobilités spatiales.
L’éternel retard. Réflexion sur le moment d’observation des objets dynamiques : l’exemple des projets urbains et des représentations de la ville
Authors: Adam Matthieu 
Published: May 2015

Certains objets d’étude peuvent être qualifiés de dynamiques : ils évoluent et leurs acteurs avec eux alors même que les chercheurs se penchent sur eux. Ils convoquent alors une multitude de temporalités dont il convient de prendre la mesure pour en saisir toute la complexité. Pourtant, nos démarches scientifiques et nos contraintes pratiques nous imposent de les figer dans un état, de procéder à des coupes, d’arrêter nos observations, bref de choisir un instant t pour les observer. S’opère donc alors une simplification de la réalité et les choix effectués conditionnent directement le contenu de nos recherches et la validité de nos résultats. À partir de l’exemple d’une recherche s’intéressant aux représentations de la ville contemporaine saisies à travers la médiation de projets urbains, cette contribution propose une réflexion sur la détermination du moment le plus adapté pour observer un objet dynamique et des conséquences ce choix sur les résultats de recherche que le chercheur peut prétendre produire.
Quantifying the relative importance of land cover change from climate and land use in the representative concentration pathways
Authors: Davies‐Barnard T. , Valdes P. J. , Singarayer J. S. , Wiltshire A. J. , Jones C. D. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractClimate change is projected to cause substantial alterations in vegetation distribution, but these have been given little attention in comparison to land use in the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios. Here we assess the climate‐induced land cover changes (CILCC) in the RCPs and compare them to land use land cover change (LULCC). To do this, we use an ensemble of simulations with and without LULCC in Earth System Model HadGEM2‐ES (Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model 2) ‐ for RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5. We find that climate change causes an expansion poleward of vegetation that affects more land area than LULCC in all of the RCPs considered here. The terrestrial carbon changes from CILCC are also larger than for LULCC. When considering only forest, the LULCC is larger, but the CILCC is highly variable with the overall radiative forcing of the scenario. The CILCC forest increase compensates 90% of the global anthropogenic deforestation by 2100 in RCP8.5 but just 3% in RCP2.6. Overall, bigger land cover changes tend to originate from LULCC in the shorter term or lower radiative forcing scenarios and from CILCC in the longer term and higher radiative forcing scenarios. The extent to which CILCC could compensate for LULCC raises difficult questions regarding global forest and biodiversity offsetting, especially at different time scales. This research shows the importance of considering the relative size of CILCC to LULCC, especially with regard to the ecological effects of the different RCPs.
Atmospheric deposition—Another source of nutrients enhancing primary productivity in the eastern tropical Indian Ocean during positive Indian Ocean Dipole phases
Authors: Siswanto Eko 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis study used in situ and multisensor satellite data and combinations of various primary productivity (PP) and surface nitrate models to assess the contributions of upwelling and atmospheric deposition to modulating PP in the eastern tropical Indian Ocean (ETIO) during positive phases of the Indian Ocean Dipole (+IOD). Surprisingly, atmospheric deposition of nutrients from wildfires accounted for a higher portion of enhanced PP during +IODs than wind‐driven nutrient upwelling. Substantial atmospheric nutrient deposition likely also maintains high PP postupwelling and postwildfire. Multiple regression analysis further supported the importance of atmospheric deposition in determining ETIO PP with a significantly large partial regression coefficient for aerosol optical thickness. It is possible that aerosols from major wildfire areas worldwide contribute nutrients that also nontrivially modulate PP in the oceans' main upwelling systems.
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene: Moving the Policy Agenda Forward in the Post‐2015 Asia
Authors: Cronin Aidan A. , Badloe Chander , Torlesse Harriet , Nandy Robin K. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractDespite rapid economic growth in Asia, serious health, nutrition and development gaps persist, including inadequate services and inequitable access in the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) sector. We show that the WASH sector has ample justification for increased focus and investment to increase health and nutrition impact, but appropriate prioritisation and quality implementation of interventions are required to address these gaps. The Sustainable Development Goals present opportunities for an increased focus. We argue that the key components required to accelerate change include strengthened data availability, quality and use, institutional and policy reform for greater cross‐sectoral integration and clear accountabilities at national and local level if countries are to achieve universal access with equity, sustainability and quality.
Volatile organic compounds generated by cultures of bacteria and viruses associated with respiratory infections
Authors: Abd El Qader Amir , Lieberman David , Shemer Avni Yonat , Svobodin Natali , Lazarovitch Tsilia , Sagi Orli , Zeiri Yehuda 
Published: May 2015

AbstractRespiratory infections (RI) can be viral or bacterial in origin. In either case, the invasion of the pathogen results in production and release of various volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The present study examines the VOCs released from cultures of five viruses (influenza A, influenza B, adenovirus, respiratory syncitial virus and parainfluenza 1 virus), three bacteria (Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae and Legionella pneumophila) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae isolated colonies. Our results demonstrate the involvement of inflammation‐induced VOCs. Two significant VOCs were identified as associated with infectious bacterial activity, heptane and methylcyclohexane. These two VOCs have been linked in previous studies to oxidative stress effects. In order to distinguish between bacterial and viral positive cultures, we performed principal component analysis including peak identity (retention time) and VOC concentration (i.e. area under the peak) revealing 1‐hexanol and 1‐heptadecene to be good predictors. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prognostic impact of CD109 expression in myxofibrosarcoma
Authors: Emori Makoto , Tsukahara Tomohide , Murata Kenji , Sugita Shintaro , Sonoda Tomoko , Kaya Mitsunori , Soma Tamotsu , Sasaki Mikito , Nagoya Satoshi , Hasegawa Tadashi , Wada Takuro , Sato Noriyuki , Yamashita Toshihiko 
Published: May 2015

BackgroundCD109, a TGF‐β co‐receptor, is reported to be preferentially expressed during the early stages of tumorigenesis in several carcinoma types. Myxofibrosarcoma is one of the most common soft‐tissue sarcomas found in elderly patients. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of CD109 expression in myxofibrosarcoma on prognosis and recurrence.MethodsImmunohistochemical staining for CD109 was performed on archival specimens from 37 patients. The Fisher exact test was used to evaluate association between CD109 expression and other clinicopathological features. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan–Meier curves, and the prognostic significance was evaluated using the log‐rank test. Multivariate analysis of factors was performed using Cox regression analysis.ResultsCD109 overexpression was significantly associated with surgical stage and distant metastasis (P = 0.00499, and 0.011, respectively). The frequency of CD109 overexpression was approximately 10% and CD109 overexpression was significantly associated with decreased overall survival (P = 0.004). Five‐year overall survival rates 77% and 0% for CD109‐negative and CD109‐positive patients, respectively. In multivariate analysis, CD109 overexpression was the only independent risk factor for poor outcome (P = 0.02; hazard ratio, 10.64; 95% confidence interval, 1.47–76.91).ConclusionsImmunohistochemical CD109 expression in myxofibrosarcoma was associated with poor prognosis.J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:975–979. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Near‐inertial waves in Lake Erie
Authors: Valipour Reza , Bouffard Damien , Boegman Leon , Rao Yerubandi R. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractNear‐inertial (Poincaré) waves with a period Tp ∼ 17 h are the dominant wind‐induced internal wave motions in central Lake Erie and consequently have a substantial influence on lake circulation, mixing and biogeochemistry. However, due to the complex three‐basin bathymetry in Lake Erie, the vertical and horizontal modal structure of these waves remain poorly understood. In this study, we analyze field data to show wind events energize frequent vertical mode‐one Poincaré waves. The horizontal modal structure was also investigated, in a sensitivity analysis, using a calibrated three‐dimensional hydrodynamic transport model forced with observed and idealized spatially uniform wind events. Strong horizontal mode‐one Poincaré wave cells form in both the Central and Eastern Basins when wind events have a duration of 0.25 Tp to 0.5 Tp, are impulsive and periodic at Tp, or have anticyclonic rotation with a duration of Tp. Momentum transfer from longer wind events (> 0.5 Tp) will oppose the Coriolis‐force rotated currents and damp Poincaré wave generation. In agreement with theory, the most efficient wind events are observed and computationally modeled to have a duration of 0.25 Tp; causing an excitation peak at ∼ 0.4 Tp and converting ∼ 0.8% of the wind energy input to Poincaré waves. The efficiency of wind work in generating Poincaré wave kinetic energy is given by (1‐cos (2πf t)) t−1, where f is the inertial frequency and t is the wind duration. Therefore, the efficiency peaks during each nTp period, where n is a non‐negative integer, and decreases significantly for longer wind events.
A single eye 3D image perception device using vertical double ring resonator construction
Authors: Saktioto T. , Irawan D. , Yupapin Preecha P. , Phatharacorn Prateep 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTA single eye three‐dimensional (3D) imaging perception using a single 3D imaging pixel is designed and manipulated, which is the interesting device configuration that can be used for various applications. The device configuration is consisted of double conjugate mirrors that can be vertically fabricated, which can be used to form the 3D image using a single pixel configuration, from which the large area device construction is also possible. By adjusting the microconjugate mirror parameters, then the matching between both microconjugate mirrors can lead to obtain the required 3D images. Results obtained have shown that the 3D image outputs can be achieved and used for 3D pixel imaging. The 3D image output can be confirmed by the four‐wave mixing output balancing profile, which is achieved. In applications, the large area 3D images can be constructed using the large area 3D imaging device, from which the large area can be coverage by the microconjugate mirror array, which can be useful for various applications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1802–1805, 2015
A miniature hext‐band bandpass microstrip filter using stepped‐impedance spiral resonators
Authors: Ali Zeshan , Hejazi Zuhair M. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTThis article presents a new hext‐band bandpass filter by utilizing the stepped impedance resonator (SIR) spirals along with a miniaturization technique. The design considerations for the proposed counterclockwise convoluted SIR spirals has been discussed thoroughly. The performance of the proposed circuit is verified by simulations and measurements, and a good agreement is observed. The in‐band insertion loss is found to be excellent as compared to related works. The size reduction in the proposed hext‐band design is 30.4%, as compared with previous triple‐ and quad‐band counterparts. Comparatively, its size is also still less than other published triple‐, quint‐, and hext‐band filter designs. Such kind of filters could fairly accommodate hept‐ or oct‐sub‐bands if the discussed design constraints are taken into account. This filter type has the advantage of easily being converted to reconfigurable operation using MEMS or pin diodes at specific locations. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1842–1847, 2015
A novel RFID‐HIS‐PRS reader antenna for the millimeter wave band 30 GHz
Authors: Necibi O. , Hamzaoui D. , Vuong T. P. , Gharsallah A. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTThe use of radio frequency identification (RFID) at millimeter waves has led new applications such as high data rate short range communication, location sensing through narrow‐beam antennas, and so forth. In this article, we present the design of an antenna operating in Ka band for RFID applications based on metamaterials. The frequency band of around 30 GHz, allowing a spectral width of 5 GHz, is a possible solution for the integration of radio frequency devices specially a notched patch antenna at 30 GHz with coplanar feed was designed and characterized. The measurements made with the HP 8510p XF network analyzer are consistent with the simulations using the electromagnetic simulation software CST‐MW Studio. On this antenna, we used primarily a high impedance surface (HIS) to prohibit the propagation of waves. A partially reflective surface layer is added to this HIS‐antenna to increase its directivity and widen the bandwidth. The latter has −25 dB of insertion loss with an impedance bandwidth of 1 GHz and a gain of 14.3 dB at 30 GHz. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1835–1842, 2015
Calibration independent estimation of optical constants using terahertz time‐domain spectroscopy
Authors: Singh Surya Prakash , Akhter Zubair , Akhtar M. J. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTA novel calibration independent technique that simultaneously determines the optical constants and material thickness with high accuracy, using the transmission and the reflection measurements, is proposed. A generalized closed form expression is derived to calculate the optical constants in terms of the measured transmitted and the reflected signals. The proposed measurement technique is noniterative, self‐calibrated, and independent of prior knowledge of the sample thickness. To validate the proposed technique, two different samples, viz., Gallium arsenide and Silicon, are considered during the numerical simulation. The result shows that the proposed technique provides highly accurate material parameters over a broad frequency domain and also recovers the information of the material thickness. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1861–1864, 2015
Performance of passively Q‐switched ring erbium‐doped fiber laser using a multiwalled carbon nanotubes polyethylene oxide (PEO) polymer composite‐based saturable absorber
Authors: Haris H. , Anyi C. L. , Muhammad A.R. , Ahmad F. , Nor R. M. , Zulkepely N. R. , Ali N. M. , Harun S. W. , Arof H. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTThe aim of this article is to report the fabrication and characterization of dispersed multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) polymer composites and use them as passive SAs in Q‐switched Erbium‐doped fiber (EDF) for ultrafast laser generation at 1.5‐µm region. CNT polymer composites were fabricated into thin films by homogenizing different concentrations (1.8, 4.8, and 10.1 wt. %) of MWCNTs with host polymers polyethylene oxide. The fabricated thin film was then deposited between two fiber connectors as passive SA and incorporated into fiber laser's ring oscillator. The EDFL exhibited a central wavelength of 1560.5 nm when pump power is fixed at 42 mW. The Q‐switching operation starts at the lowest threshold of 39.3 mW for all the three different SA concentrations. For 1.8 wt. % MWCNTs concentration, the pulse repetition rate of the Q‐switched EDFL is started from 35.6 kHz, while for 4.8 wt. % and 10.1 wt. %, the pulse repetition rate started at 78.5 and 66.1 kHz, respectively. At the MWCNTs concentration of 1.8 wt. %, the pulse energy of the Q‐switched EDFL increases from 7.9 to 24.7 nJ as the pump power increases from 39.3 to 58.8 mW. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1897–1901, 2015
CRPA array with radiating slots for GPS applications
Authors: Lee Dae‐Heon , Kim Woong‐Hee , Shin Dong‐Hoon , Wang Jin‐Chun , Choo Hosung 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTThis letter proposes the design of a slot‐loaded controlled reception pattern antenna) array with ground slot radiators to enhance the radiation gain at low‐elevation angles. The array consists of three microstrip patch antennas that are mounted on a circular ground platform, and rectangular slots are inserted at the outer perimeter of the platform. The effectiveness of the inserted slots is verified by comparing the impedance matching and radiating properties of the array with simulation results. The comparison demonstrates that the low‐elevation gain of the proposed design can be improved by the slots, which results in a broad beamwidth covering most of the upper hemisphere. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1991–1995, 2015
Free space optical communication using subcarrier intensity modulation through generalized turbulence channel with pointing error
Authors: Jagadeesh VK , Palliyembil Vineeth , Muthuchidambaranathan P. , Bui Francis M. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTFree Space Optical (FSO) Communication Systems are wireless systems capable of providing high speed, secure and cost effective communication between two entities. The channel for FSO is expressed in terms of the Malaga‐distribution model. It is a generalized channel model encompassing all the channel conditions and previous models. In this work, the performance of a Subcarrier Intensity Modulation FSO system is analyzed by considering the ill effects channel turbulence and pointing error and derived a closed form analytical expression for bit error rate and channel capacity. The results demonstrate the performance deterioration the system suffers because of the channel and alsohow the m‐distribution model can be used to obtain the performance over other FSO channels. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1958–1961, 2015
Conformational analysis: 3JHCOC and 3JHCCC Karplus relationships for methylene 1H nuclei
Authors: Grimmer Craig D. , Slabber Cathryn A. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractNAMFIS (NMR Analysis of Molecular Flexibility In Solution) was applied to 1‐[2‐(benzyloxy)phenyl]ethanone using quantitative 1H‐1H NOE distances and 3J proton‐carbon coupling constant (CC) restraints for averaged methylene proton 3JHCOC and 3JHCCC pathways H2‐3J‐X imposed by density functional theory‐generated Karplus relationships. Comparison of the NOE‐only versus the NOE + CC conformational selections illustrates that the experimentally measured average 3J coupling constants of methylene protons can be used for solution conformational analysis, potentially valuable in the study of small‐molecule drugs and natural products which lack the typically studied H1‐3J‐X Karplus relationships. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.