bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parental Influence on a Child's Autistic Traits
Authors: Phelps Randall , Nickel Robert , Eisert Debi , Stein Martin T. 
Published: November 2013

CASE: Robbie is a 4-year-old boy whose parents are concerned about his speech, social skills, and repetitive behaviors. He has poor articulation; at time, he is difficult to understand. On the other hand, he has a fair vocabulary, and he has good intent to communicate. He is generally able to communicate his needs and wants. He likes to tell his parents about his day.
When he begins the day at preschool, Robbie initially stands by himself and watches. He slowly warms up and eventually participates in activities. He engages in parallel play or follows other children. He knows names of children at preschool, and he is well liked. He is affectionate with his parents.
When Robbie is excited, he wiggles his fingers, flaps his arms, and grimaces. He can be quite rigid; for example, he gets very distressed when his mother sets his cup down on his right side instead of his left. However, in general, Robbie has a sunny personality. He likes to watch children's television shows. He pretends plays with action figures. Robbie is an only child who lives with both parents. His mother works full-time, and his father is in home with Robbie during the day.
When examined in the office, Robbie had a bright affect, good eye contact, and social referencing. He demonstrated good communicative intent, but poor articulation and some jargoning. He frequently wiggled his fingers and flapped his hands with excitement. Robbie had a borderline score on the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule.
During the visit, the pediatrician noted that Robbie's father was rather quiet and rarely responded to questions. When he did respond, he had a monotone quality to his voice. He maintained either a flat or nervous affect throughout the visit. He made limited eye contact, and occasionally he stared excessively.
Land-use change and solar energy production: a real option approach
Authors: Gazheli Ardjan , Di Corato Luca 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– In this paper, a real option model is developed to examine the critical factors affecting the decision to lease agricultural land to a company installing a PV power plant. Subsidies introduced by governments for the production of renewable energies have increased the investments in this sector. Since ground-based solar cells need land for energy production, then potential trade-off with agriculture in terms of land exists. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper uses the real option approach in order to take into account for uncertainty and irreversibility of the farmer's decision.

Findings
– By applying the model to the province of Bologna (Italy), the paper illustrates the possible land-use change scenarios in this area. The paper concludes by discussing the importance of PV energy production as a source of income for farmers and its implications from a social perspective.

Originality/value
– The research is applied to the province of Bologna (Italy) where investments in ground-based solar cells are becoming quite common. The originality lies in the fact of considering the investment as irreversible, since it is a 20-year commitment from the farmers. The paper also takes into account the uncertainty in agricultural commodities' prices.
Real options or net present value?
Authors: Tubetov Dulat , Christin Maart-Noelck Syster , Musshoff Oliver 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purposes of the study are to compare the investment behavior of farmers in Kazakhstan as a transforming country and in Germany as a Western industrialized country as well as to analyze whether the investment behavior of farmers is consistent with the normative benchmarks of the net present value approach or the real options (RO) approach.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper conducted an experiment with 100 Kazakhstani and 106 German farmers. The first part of the experiment describes an investment opportunity in an agricultural and in a non-agricultural treatment. The second part refers to a Holt and Laury lottery to determine farmers' risk attitude that could influence the investment behavior.

Findings
– The results show that both approaches do not provide an exact prediction of the investment behavior of farmers. However, German farmers invest later than Kazakhstani farmers meaning that the investment behavior of German farmers is closer to the RO approach. This might imply that German farmers are more likely to take into account the value of flexibility when making investment decisions than Kazakhstani farmers.

Research limitations/implications
– Since investment behavior is country-specific, it is worth investigating whether farmers from other transforming countries would show different investment behavior compared to farmers from other Western industrialized countries. Furthermore, decision-making behavior related to investments could be different from that related to disinvestments. Therefore, it may be interesting to analyze the disinvestment decisions of farmers in transforming and Western industrialized countries.

Practical implications
– The results show that it is not acceptable to apply the results of experiments investigating the investment behavior of entrepreneurs in a transforming country to entrepreneurs in a Western industrialized country and vice versa. Furthermore, training for farmers is needed because there is still room for improvement in order to achieve the RO benchmark. Finally, taking into account RO effects could improve the results of policy impact analysis.

Originality/value
– This is the first experimental study comparing the investment behavior of farmers from a transforming country and from a Western industrialized country.
After the disaster
Authors: Osborne Danny , G. Sibley Chris 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine individual differences in people's resilience to changes in psychological distress following the 22 February 2011 Christchurch earthquake.

Design/methodology/approach
– Data were based on a subsample of the New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study (NZAVS) – an annual nation-wide longitudinal study of New Zealand adults that began in 2009. In both waves of the NZAVS examined here, participants completed measures of the Big-Five, psychological distress, and demographic covariates. As such, the analyses, which focus on participants who were living in the Canterbury region before the 2011 earthquake (n=325), use measures of personality collected in late October of 2010 (Time 1) to predict changes in psychological distress after the devastation that unfolded on 22 February 2011.

Findings
– Time 1 levels of Emotional Stability were inversely associated with increases in psychological distress following the 2011 earthquake. Psychological distress assessed at Time 1, however, was uncorrelated with changes in Emotional Stability.

Practical implications
– These results show that Emotional Stability protects people against decrements to mental health following a disaster. Thus, efforts to rebuild disaster-stricken communities should ensure that those who are particularly likely to experience increases in psychological distress (i.e. those who, before a disaster, are low on Emotional Stability) receive the help they need.

Originality/value
– This study assesses a subsample of respondents from a longitudinally based national probability study to show that Emotional Stability exerts a cross-lagged effect on changes in psychological distress following a natural disaster. The access to such measures affords us the rare opportunity to explain how people cope in the wake of a catastrophic disaster.
Do governance factors matter for happiness in the MENA region?
Authors: Gholipour Fereidouni Hassan , Najdi Youhanna , Ekhtiari Amiri Reza 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– Unhappiness has been recognized as one of the main factors that cause political unrest in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region in recent years. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of governance matters on happiness in the MENA region while controlling for other relevant determinants.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper applies panel random effects regression analyses by using data from 14 MENA countries over the period of 2009-2011.

Findings
– The empirical results show that higher level of political stability and absence of violence, government effectiveness and rule of law significantly increase happiness in the region. Furthermore, the paper finds that voice and accountability, regulatory quality and control of corruption variables have positive relationship with happiness but are not significant.

Originality/value
– Most studies in this area cover developed countries. Since findings for developed countries might not be directly transferable to emerging economies such as MENA countries, therefore, more work is necessary to obtain a clearer picture of the political determinants of happiness in this region.
The use of Facebook in tertiary education
Authors: Renee Staines Zoe , Lauchs Mark 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– This study aims to evaluate the usefulness of a university unit Facebook page, which was established to support a first-year university justice unit. The study pays particular regard to the Facebook page's impact on students learning outcomes and communications amongst students and between students and teaching staff.

Design/methodology/approach
– All students enrolled in the unit were asked to complete an online survey, which sought to determine whether they used the unit Facebook page and if so, the nature and extent of their use.

Findings
– The study found that the unit Facebook page was useful in achieving most learning objectives for the unit. This included enhancing students' knowledge and understanding of unit content, as well as their ability to critically analyse unit materials. Students also indicated that they found the Facebook page better than the university's central learning management system across a range of areas. It was particularly useful for facilitating unit-related discussions.

Research limitations/implications
– The survey results reported in this paper are based on a relatively small sample of students (n=67) from a first-year university justice unit. Future studies should seek to garner evidence from broader and larger samples that transcend specific unit populations. However, the findings of this study do indicate further support for the use of Facebook as a supplementary tool in university education.

Originality/value
– This study focuses on two aspects of social networking technologies that have not been previously researched and thus contributes to the growing literature on the uses and benefits of Facebook in tertiary education.
Is perception of leadership influenced by office environment?
Authors: Bodin Danielsson Christina , Wulff Cornelia , Westerlund Hugo 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– This explorative study aims to examine the impact of office type on employees' perception of managerial leadership, a largely unexplored area. A gender perspective is applied to examine whether women and men perceive leadership differently in different office types.

Design/methodology/approach
– Cross-sectional study is based on 5,358 office employees from the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Study of Health in 2010. The employees worked in the seven different office types identified in contemporary office design: cell-offices, shared-room offices, small open plan offices, medium-sized open plan offices, large open plan offices, flex-offices, and combi-offices. Cell-office was used as reference in the analysis.

Findings
– Poorer ratings of leadership were found in shared-room offices, and better in medium-sized open plan offices. A tendency towards a gender difference in perceived leadership was found only in small open plan offices, which appear to be better for men and worse for women.

Practical implications
– The results suggest that the office environment has an influence on perceived managerial leadership. This means office design should be considered in relation to leadership style in order for an organization to be successful.

Originality/value
– To the authors' knowledge, no other study has investigated the relationship between office environment and managerial leadership.
New Zealand corporate boards in transition
Authors: Boyle Glenn , Ji Xu 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to uncover the stylised facts about NZ corporate boards and identify unanswered questions about their composition, activity and incentives during the 16-year period between 1995 and 2010.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper uses annual report data to document the evolution of 22 NZ board characteristics. The paper also informally compares these trends with those occurring in other countries.

Findings
– Unsurprisingly, the representation of non-executive, independent and female directors on NZ boards rose during the period, as did real chair and director fees and the importance of board committees, while average board size fell. Perhaps more surprisingly, much of this movement occurred before NZX governance reforms in 2003. Moreover, there are some intriguing differences between New Zealand and other, mainly larger, countries.

Research limitations/implications
– The analysis is largely descriptive and focuses on identifying questions rather than answering them.

Originality/value
– The paper fills an obvious gap in the governance literature, which largely ignores small, open economies, and hence provides little clue as to the overall state and evolution of NZ boards. The paper also identifies a number of questions for further research.
Helping families to manage challenging behaviour after paediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI): a model approach and review of the literature
Authors: Thushara Woods Damith , Catroppa Cathy , Eren Senem , Godfrey Celia , A. Anderson Vicki 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to review and summarise a small but growing body of literature demonstrating that by embedding intervention within a family context offers the greatest promise of success in working with families caring for a child with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Design/methodology/approach
– The approach takes the form of a literature review.

Findings
– The current family-centred evidence-based research indicates the potential benefits for the delivery of family focused interventions following childhood TBI.

Originality/value
– The paper adds to the paediatric TBI literature as being of the few papers to incorporate a number of novel family-centred behavioural interventions into the one review paper.
Species versus guild level differentiation revealed across the annual cycle by isotopic niche examination
Authors: Bodey Thomas W. , Ward Eric J. , Phillips Richard A. , McGill Rona A. R. , Bearhop Stuart 
Published: November 2013

Summary

Interspecific competitive interactions typically result in niche differentiation to alleviate competition through mechanisms including character displacement. However, competition is not the sole constraint on resource partitioning, and its effects are mediated by factors including the environmental context in which species coexist.

Colonial seabirds provide an excellent opportunity to investigate the importance of competition in shaping realized niche widths because their life histories lead to variation in intra‐ and interspecific competition across the annual cycle. Dense breeding aggregations result in intense competition for prey in surrounding waters, whereas non‐breeding dispersal to larger geographical areas produces lower densities of competitors.

Bayesian hierarchical models of the isotopic niche, closely aligned to the trophic niche, reveal the degree of segregation between species and functional groups during both time periods. Surprisingly, species explained far more of the variance in the isotopic niche during the non‐breeding than the breeding period.

Our results underline the key role of non‐breeding dynamics in alleviating competition and promoting distinctions between species through the facilitation of resource partitioning. Such situations may be common in a diverse range of communities sustained by ephemeral but abundant food items.

This highlights how consideration of the hierarchical grouping of competitive interactions alongside consideration of abiotic constraints across the complete annual cycle allows a full understanding of the role of competition in driving patterns of character displacement.
EuropeanCommission merger control: Combining competition and the creation of largerEuropean firms
Authors: Thatcher Mark 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe article examines theEuropeanCommission's use of its legal powers over mergers. It discusses and tests two views. One is that the ‘neoliberal’Commission has ended previous industrial policies of aiding ‘national champion’ firms to grow through mergers and instead pursues a ‘merger‐constraining’ policy of vigorously using its legal powers to block mergers. The other is that theCommission follows an ‘integrationist policy’ of seeking the development of largerEuropean firms to deepen economic integration. It examinesCommission decisions under the 1989ECMerger Regulation between 1990 and 2009. It selects three major sectors that are ‘likely’ for the ‘merger‐constraining’ view – banking, energy and telecommunications – and analyses a dataset of almost 600Commission decisions and then individual merger cases. It finds that theCommission has approved almost all mergers, including by former ‘national champion’ firms. There have been only two prohibitions over 20 years in the three sectors and the outcome has been the creation of largerEuropean firms through mergers. It explains how theCommission can pursue an integrationist policy through the application of competition processes and criteria. The wider implication is that theCommission can combine competition policy with achieving the ‘industrial policy’ aim of aiding the development of largerEuropean firms.
Anorectal malformations presenting with colorectal perforation: Frequency, associated morbidity and mortality
Authors: Eltayeb Almoutaz A 
Published: November 2013

AimColorectal perforations (CRP) in patients with anorectal malformations (ARM) are infrequently encountered because of their early diagnosis and treatment. Despite recently‐improved neonatal management; CRP during the neonatal period is still a major problem for paediatric surgeons. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the frequency of bowel perforation with ARM in our locality, and the associated morbidity and mortality.Patients and MethodsDuring May 2002 and April 2012, a prospective study was conducted on 416 neonates suffering from ARM (277 high ARM, and 138 low ARM), who presented to Assiut University Children Hospital. The inclusion criteria were all neonates with CRP only related to acute obstruction caused by ARM.ResultsOnly seven cases fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Their age at presentation ranged from 3 days to 14 days. Five neonates had high ARM, while two had low ARM. The diagnosis of bowel perforation was suspected preoperatively in four cases, and was accidentally discovered either intraoperatively in two cases with high ARM or after the anoplasty for low ARM. Two mortalities were encountered; both had a complicated postoperative course with postoperative sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation.ConclusionsAlthough rare, colorectal perforation in ARM should always be suspected in delayed ARM presenters. Close postoperative observation is very important to detect any late postoperative perforation.
Bacteria abundance and diversity of different life stages of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), revealed by bacteria culture‐dependent and PCR‐DGGE methods
Authors: Lin Xiao‐Li , Pan Qin‐Jian , Tian Hong‐Gang , Douglas Angela E. , Liu Tong‐Xian 
Published: November 2013

AbstractMicrobial abundance and diversity of different life stages (fourth instar larvae, pupae and adults) of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L., collected from field and reared in laboratory, were investigated using bacteria culture‐dependent method and PCR‐DGGE analysis based on the sequence of bacteria 16S rRNA V3 region gene. A large quantity of bacteria was found in all life stages of P. xylostella. Field population had higher quantity of bacteria than laboratory population, and larval gut had higher quantity than pupae and adults. Culturable bacteria differed in different life stages of P. xylostella. Twenty‐five different bacterial strains were identified in total, among them 20 strains were presented in larval gut, only 8 strains in pupae and 14 strains in adults were detected. Firmicutes bacteria, Bacillus sp., were the most dominant species in every life stage. 15 distinct bands were obtained from DGGE electrophoresis gel. The sequences blasted in GenBank database showed these bacteria belonged to six different genera. Phylogenetic analysis showed the sequences of the bacteria belonged to the Actinobacteri, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. Serratia sp. in Proteobacteria was the most abundant species in larval gut. In pupae, unculturable bacteria were the most dominant species, and unculturable bacteria and Serratia sp. were the most dominant species in adults. Our study suggested that a combination of molecular and traditional culturing methods can be effectively used to analyze and to determine the diversity of gut microflora. These known bacteria may play important roles in development of P. xylostella.
Simplifying data acquisition in plant canopies‐ Measurements of leaf angles with a cell phone
Authors: Escribano‐Rocafort Adrián G. , Ventre‐Lespiaucq Agustina B. , Granado‐Yela Carlos , López‐Pintor Antonio , Delgado Juan A. , Muñoz Vicente , Dorado Gabriel A. , Balaguer Luis 
Published: November 2013

Summary

Canopies are complex multilayered structures comprising individual plant crowns exposing a multifaceted surface area to sunlight. Foliage arrangement and properties are the main mediators of canopy functions. The leaves act as light traps whose exposure to sunlight varies with time of the day, date and latitude in a trade‐off between photosynthetic light harvesting and excessive or photoinhibitory light avoidance. To date, ecological research based upon leaf sampling has been limited by the available technology, with which data acquisition becomes labour intensive and time‐consuming, given the overwhelming number of leaves involved.

In the present study, our goal involved developing a tool capable of measuring a sufficient number of leaves to enable analysis of leaf populations, tree crowns and canopies. We specifically tested whether a cell phone working as a 3D pointer could yield reliable, repeatable and valid leaf angle measurements with a simple gesture. We evaluated the accuracy of this method under controlled conditions, using a 3D digitizer, and we compared performance in the field with the methods commonly used. We presented an equation to estimate the potential proportion of the leaf exposed to direct sunlight (SAL) at any given time and compared the results with those obtained by means of a graphical method.

We found a strong and highly significant correlation between the graphical methods and the equation presented. The calibration process showed a strong correlation between the results derived from the two methods with a mean relative difference below 10%. The mean relative difference in calculation of instantaneous exposure was below 5%. Our device performed equally well in diverse locations, in which we characterized over 700 leaves in a single day.

The new method, involving the use of a cell phone, is much more effective than the traditional methods or digitizers when the goal is to scale up from leaf position to performance of leaf populations, tree crowns or canopies. Our methodology constitutes an affordable and valuable tool within which to frame a wide range of ecological hypotheses and to support canopy modelling approaches.