bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating protistan predators and bacteria within soil microbiomes in agricultural ecosystems under organic and chemical fertilizer applications
Authors: Liu Chen , Zhou Zeyuan , Sun Shuo , Zhang Qi , Sun Shiqi , Hang Xinnan , Ravanbakhsh Mohammadhossein , Wei Zhong , Li Rong , Wang Shimei , Xiong Wu , Kowalchuk George A. , Shen Qirong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOrganic farming can enhance biodiversity and soil health and is a sustainable alternative to conventional farming. Yet, soil protists especially protistan predators, have received inadequate attention, and their contributions to the sustainability of organic farming remained underexplored. In this study, we examined soil microbial communities from 379 samples, including both organic and chemically fertilized soils from China. Our findings revealed higher bacterial diversity and increases in plant-beneficial bacteria in organically farmed soils. Notably, organic farming systems facilitated dynamic predator-prey interactions, which may be disrupted by the application of chemical fertilizers. Additionally, organic farming enriched protistan predators, enhancing the relative abundance of functional PGPR, thus improving soil health. We further conducted a case study highlighting the critical role of organic matter in sustaining protistan predator populations and their interactions with bacteria. We propose the crucial contributions of organic inputs for supporting protistan predators and the interplay of predator-prey, ultimately enhancing soil functions and promoting agricultural sustainability.
Single-cell transcriptomic insights into chemotherapy-induced remodeling of the osteosarcoma tumor microenvironment
Authors: Zheng Xuejing , Wu Wence , Zhao Zhenguo , Zhang Xinxin , Yu Shengji 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy serves as an effective strategy for treating osteosarcoma (OS) not only by targeting cancerous cells but also by influencing the tumor's immune and stromal elements. Gaining insights into how chemotherapy reshapes the tumor's local environment is crucial for advancing OS treatment protocols.

Methods
Using single-cell RNA sequencing, this study analyzed tumor samples from patients with advanced osteosarcoma collected both before and after chemotherapy.

Results
The results revealed that chemotherapy caused the remaining OS cells to express higher levels of genes associated with stemness. Additionally, this process enhances the presence of cancer-associated fibroblasts, increasing their ability to modify the extracellular matrix (ECM). Chemotherapy also increases the number of endothelial cells, albeit with compromised differentiation capabilities. Importantly, the treatment reduced the immune cell population, including myeloid and T/NK cells, particularly impacting the subpopulations with tumor-fighting capabilities.

Conclusion
These findings highlight the complex reaction of the tumor environment to chemotherapy, providing valuable insights into how chemotherapy influences OS cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). This knowledge is essential for understanding OS resistance mechanisms to treatments, potentially guiding the development of novel therapies for managing advanced OS.
Does autoimmune disease impair the survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing liver resection? A multi-institutional observational study
Authors: Lee Chao-Wei , Chen Hsing-Yu , Tsai Ping-Han , Lee Wei-Chen , Wang Chih-Chi , Yu Ming-Chin , Chen Chun-Wei , Lin Po-Ting , Chen Bo-Huan , Wang Sheng-Fu , Chai Pei-Mei , Tsai Hsin-I. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients with autoimmune diseases (AD) generally carry an increased risk of developing cancer. However, the effect of AD in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients receiving surgical treatment is uncertain. The present study aimed to investigate the potential influence of AD on the survival of HCC patients undergoing hepatectomies.

Methods
Operated HCC patients were identified from the Chang Gung Research Database, and the survival outcomes of HCC patients with or without AD were analyzed ad compared. Cox regression model was performed to identify significant risk factors associated with disease recurrence and mortality.

Results
From 2002 to 2018, a total of 5532 patients underwent hepatectomy for their HCC. Among them, 229 patients were identified to have AD and 5303 were not. After excluding cases who died within 30 days of surgery, the estimated median overall survival (OS) was 43.8 months in the AD (+) group and 47.4 months in the AD (–) group (P = 0.367). The median liver-specific survival and disease-free survival (DFS) were also comparable between the two groups. After Cox regression multivariate analysis, the presence of AD did not lead to a higher risk of all-cause mortality, liver-specific mortality, or disease recurrence.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrated that autoimmune disease does not impair the OS and DFS of HCC patients undergoing liver resections. AD itself is not a risk factor for tumor recurrence after surgery. Patients eligible for liver resections, as a result, should be considered for surgery irrespective of the presence of AD. Further studies are mandatory to validate our findings.
Comparative analysis of data-driven models and signal processing techniques in the monthly maximum daily precipitation prediction of El Kerma station Northeast of Algeria
Authors: Katipoğlu Okan Mert , Keblouti Mehdi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe availability of a climate database is an essential requirement for modeling and mapping hydrological and environmental processes. Regardless of the nature and structure of these models, most of them require a complete and reliable dataset on a spatiotemporal basis. Unfortunately, the measurement of hydrological variables (precipitation, flow, etc.) can be affected by systematic errors, gaps and random data. The watershed of Seybouse located in the North-East of Algeria, has a network that has gaps in the monthly data with an average error percentage of 20.46% over the period of 1970–2008 on all the stations in operation. The current study combines support vector regression, artificial neural networks, boosted tree, bagged tree, gaussian processes regression and linear regression techniques with empirical mode decomposition and discrete wavelet transform techniques to fill the missing precipitation gaps. This study aims to determine which kernel function, regression type, tree and network structure and data decomposition technique will produce the best outputs in predicting missing rainfall. For this purpose, it aims to comprehensively evaluate various soft computing and signal processing models and use strengthened hybrid approaches by combining them. While modeling, 70% of the data was used for training and the rest for testing. Mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), determination coefficient (R2), Taylor diagram and Violin plots were used to find the best model. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that the SVM model produced superior outputs compared to other machine learning models. The single LSVM model had an R2 value of 0.78, RMSE of 8.18, and MAE of 5.90. The W-LSVM model had an R2 value of 0.78, RMSE of 8.10, and MAE of 5.90. The EMD-CGSVM model had an R2 value of 0.69, RMSE of 10.43, and MAE of 7.10. These results indicate that the W-LSVM models provided the most accurate rainfall forecast outputs. The results showed that the wavelet-based linear support vector regression model in precipitation prediction is the most successful artificial intelligence model. Finally, using the W-LSVM model to predict rainfall in the study area can significantly improve water resources management and flood strategies and help optimize water use and structures.
Bewertung des potenziellen Strandungsrisikos für Gewässerorganismen bei Schwall und Sunk hinsichtlich langfristiger morphologischer Veränderungen von alpinen Flüssen
Authors: Hauer Christoph , Schmalfuß Lisa , Unfer Günther , Schletterer Martin , Fuhrmann Martin , Holzapfel Patrick 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungSchwall-Sunk ist eine der größten wasserkraftbedingten Störungen natürlicher Prozesse in Fluss(öko)systemen. Die künstlichen Abflussschwankungen, die durch die bedarfsgerechte Stromerzeugung verursacht werden, sind für ihre Auswirkungen auf aquatische Ökosysteme bekannt. Davon betroffen sind vor allem jene Arten und Lebensstadien, die nicht in der Lage sind, ihre Lebensraumwahl an schnelle Anstiege und Abstiege des Abflusses anzupassen. Bisher wurde das Strandungsrisiko sowohl experimentell als auch numerisch hauptsächlich mit variablen Schwall-Sunk-Szenarien über stabile bzw. sich nicht verändernde Flussabschnitte/-strukturen untersucht. Es besteht daher ein Wissensdefizit, wie sich einzelne, bestimmte Schwall-Sunk-Ereignisse hinsichtlich ihrer Auswirkungen auf das Strandungsrisiko unterscheiden, wenn sich die Flussmorphologie langfristig ändert. Die vorliegende Arbeit geht genau auf dieses Wissensdefizit ein, indem sie morphologische Veränderungen über einen Zeitraum von 20 Jahren und die damit verbundene Variabilität der lateralen Sunkgeschwindigkeit als Parameter für das Strandungsrisiko untersucht. Zwei alpine Kiesbettflüsse, die über Jahrzehnte von Schwall-Sunk betroffen waren, wurden mithilfe eines eindimensionalen instationären Modellierungsansatzes getestet. Die Ergebnisse der morphologischen Entwicklung zeigten unterschiedliche Ergebnisse für den Zeitraum 1995–2005. Die Bregenzerach wies über die verschiedenen ausgewählten Teilmesszeiträume hinweg eine kontinuierliche Anlandung (Hebung des Flussbetts) auf. Im Gegensatz dazu zeigte der Inn eine kontinuierliche Eintiefung (Erosion des Flussbetts). Das Strandungsrisiko zeigte bei beiden Flüssen in Bezug auf einzelne Querschnitte eine hohe Variabilität. Auf der Abschnittsebene wurden jedoch für keinen der beiden Flussabschnitte signifikante Änderungen des Strandungsrisikos durch die sich verändernde Morphologie berechnet. Die vorliegende Studie zeigt somit, dass das quantifizierte Strandungsrisiko von Gewässerorganismen eine Funktion der bereits allgemeinen morphologischen (Kiesbank‑)Eigenschaften des betroffenen Flusses ist und dass sowohl die morphologische Entwicklung als auch die Entwicklung der Korngrößen einen Einfluss auf das potenzielle Strandungsrisiko von Wasserorganismen haben und berücksichtigt werden sollten. Dies gilt es vor allem auch bei Neukonzessionierungen von Wasserkraftanlagen in mehrfach beanspruchten Flusssystemen zu berücksichtigen.
The Tumor Risk Score (TRS) – next level risk prediction in head and neck tumor surgery
Authors: Klausing Anne , Waschk Kristina , Far Frederick , Martini Markus , Kramer Franz-Josef 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Head and neck cancer surgery often requires postoperative monitoring in an intensive care unit (ICU) or intermediate care unit (IMC). With a variety of different risk scores, it is incumbent upon the investigator to plan a risk-adapted allocation of resources. Tumor surgery in the head and neck region itself offers a wide range of procedures in terms of resection extent and reconstruction methods, which can be stratified only vaguely by a cross-disciplinary score. Facing a variety of different risk scores we aimed to develop a new Tumor Risk Score (TRS) enabling anterograde preoperative risk evaluation, resource allocation and optimization of cost and outcome measurements in tumor surgery of the head and neck.

Methods
A collective of 547 patients (2010–2021) with intraoral tumors was studied to develop the TRS by grading the preoperative tumor size and location as well as the invasiveness of the planned surgery by means of statistical modeling. Two postoperative complications were defined: (1) prolonged postoperative stay in IMC/ICU and (2) prolonged total length of stay (LOS). Each parameter was analyzed using TRS and all preoperative patient parameters (age, sex, preoperative hemoglobin, body-mass-index, preexisting medical conditions) using predictive modeling design. Established risk scores (Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), American Society of Anesthesiologists risk classification (ASA), Functional Comorbidity Index (FCI)) and Patient Clinical Complexity Level (PCCL) were used as benchmarks for model performance of the TRS.

Results
The TRS is significantly correlated with surgery duration (p < 0.001) and LOS (p = 0.001). With every increase in TRS, LOS rises by 9.3% (95%CI 4.7–13.9; p < 0.001) or 1.9 days (95%CI 1.0-2.8; p < 0.001), respectively. For each increase in TRS, the LOS in IMC/ICU wards increases by 0.33 days (95%CI 0.12–0.54; p = 0.002), and the probability of an overall prolonged IMC/ICU stay increased by 32.3% per TRS class (p < 0.001). Exceeding the planned IMC/ICU LOS, overall LOS increased by 7.7 days (95%CI 5.35–10.08; p < 0.001) and increases the likelihood of also exceeding the upper limit LOS by 70.1% (95%CI 1.02–2.85; p = 0.041). In terms of predictive power of a prolonged IMC/ICU stay, the TRS performs better than previously established risk scores such as ASA or CCI (p = 0.031).

Conclusion
The lack of a standardized needs assessment can lead to both under- and overutilization of the IMC/ICU and therefore increased costs and losses in total revenue. Our index helps to stratify the risk of a prolonged IMC/ICU stay preoperatively and to adjust resource allocation in major head and neck tumor surgery.
The clinical consequences of burst abdomen after emergency midline laparotomy: a prospective, observational cohort study
Authors: Kvist Madeline , Jensen Thomas Korgaard , Snitkjær Christian , Burcharth Jakob 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The emergency midline laparotomy is a commonly performed procedure with a burst abdomen being a critical surgical complication requiring further emergency surgery. This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of patients with burst abdomen after emergency midline laparotomy.

Methods
A single-center, prospective, observational cohort study of patients undergoing emergency midline laparotomy during a two-year period was done. Abdominal wall closure followed a standardized technique using monofilament, slowly absorbable suture in a continuous suturing technique with a suture-to-wound ratio of at least 4:1. Treatment of burst abdomen was surgical. Data, including intra-hospital postoperative complications, were collected and registered chronologically based on journal entries. The primary outcome was to describe postoperative complications, length of stay, and the overall morbidity based on the Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI), stratified between patients who did and did not suffer from a burst abdomen during admission.

Results
A total of 543 patients were included in the final cohort, including 24 patients with burst abdomen during admission. The incidence of burst abdomen after emergency midline laparotomy was 4.4%. Patients with a burst abdomen had a higher total amount of complications per patient (median of 3, IQR 1.3–5.8 vs. median of 1, IQR 0.0–3.0; p = 0.001) and a significantly higher CCI (median of 53.0, IQR 40.3–94.8 vs. median of 21.0, IQR 0.0–42.0; p =  < 0.001).

Conclusion
Patients with burst abdomen had an increased risk of postoperative complications during admission as well as a longer and more complicated admission with multiple non-surgical complications.
Intraoperative microelectrode recording during asleep deep brain stimulation of subthalamic nucleus for Parkinson Disease. A case series with systematic review of the literature
Authors: Izzo Alessandro , Piano Carla , D’Ercole Manuela , D’Alessandris Quintino Giorgio , Tufo Tommaso , Fuggetta Maria Filomena , Figà Federica , Martinelli Renata , Obersnel Marco , Pambianco Francesco , Bove Francesco , Perotti Valerio , Bentivoglio Anna Rita , Olivi Alessandro , Montano Nicola 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe use of microelectrode recording (MER) during deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson Disease is controversial. Furthermore, in asleep DBS anesthesia can impair the ability to record single-cell electric activity.The purpose of this study was to describe our surgical and anesthesiologic protocol for MER assessment during asleep subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS and to put our findings in the context of a systematic review of the literature. Sixty-three STN electrodes were implanted in 32 patients under general anesthesia. A frameless technique using O-Arm scanning was adopted in all cases. Total intravenous anesthesia, monitored with bispectral index, was administered using a target controlled infusion of both propofol and remifentanil. A systematic review of the literature with metanalysis on MER in asleep vs awake STN DBS for Parkinson Disease was performed. In our series, MER could be reliably recorded in all cases, impacting profoundly on electrode positioning: the final position was located within 2 mm from the planned target only in 42.9% cases. Depth modification > 2 mm was necessary in 21 cases (33.3%), while in 15 cases (23.8%) a different track was used. At 1-year follow-up we observed a significant reduction in LEDD, UPDRS Part III score off-medications, and UPDRS Part III score on medications, as compared to baseline. The systematic review of the literature yielded 23 papers; adding the cases here reported, overall 1258 asleep DBS cases using MER are described. This technique was safe and effective: metanalysis showed similar, if not better, outcome of asleep vs awake patients operated using MER. MER are a useful and reliable tool during asleep STN DBS, leading to a fine tuning of electrode position in the majority of cases. Collaboration between neurosurgeon, neurophysiologist and neuroanesthesiologist is crucial, since slight modifications of sedation level can impact profoundly on MER reliability.
Noise suppression zeroing neural network for online solving the time-varying inverse kinematics problem of four-wheel mobile manipulators with external disturbances
Authors: Sun Zhongbo , Zhou Yanpeng , Tang Shijun , Luo Jun , Zhao Bo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA novel noise suppression zeroing neural network (NSZNN) is presented for the trajectory tracking problem on a four Mecanum wheeled mobile manipulator (FMWMM) by solving its time-varying inverse kinematics (TVIK) problem. The holistic kinematic model of the FMWMM is developed, which can receive synergistic control of the mobile manipulator. Different from the situation without external interference addressed in our previous work, this paper considers a variety of common time-varying interferences by studying the basic principles of various noises, and proves the NSZNN model’s of the validity and superiority, which solves the TVIK problem of the FMWMM with external disturbances through theoretical analyses. Compared with the existing gradient neural network (GNN) and the traditional zeroing neural network (ZNN), the most representative hybrid noise is selected to conduct a large number of experiments to substantiate the high efficiency and robustness of the NSZNN model. Finally, the NSZNN model is verified on the FMWMM via a robot operating system (ROS) by a successful execution of the trajectory tracking task.
Recovering connectivity through restoration corridors in a fragmented landscape in the magdalena river’s valley in Colombia
Authors: Montes-Rojas Andrés , Delgado-Morales Nicolás Alejandro José , Escucha Rafael S. , Siabatto Laura C. , Link Andrés 
Published: July 2024

AbstractForest fragmentation is one of the main drivers of global biodiversity loss leading to the isolation of wildlife populations. This study focuses on understanding the role of restoration corridors as a strategy promoting resilience and viability of mammal and bird populations in a fragmented landscape in Colombia. We installed 98 camera-trap stations − 8497 camera-trap days - in four different land cover categories: (1) forest fragments, (2) natural corridors, (3) stablished corridors and (4) pastures. We evaluated if restoration corridors do promote connectivity for large vertebrates and recover species richness and functional diversity lost in anthropogenically transformed pastures. We used indices of taxonomic and functional diversity and a non-metric multidimensional scaling to evaluate the influence of land cover over mammal and bird communities. Both, species richness and functional diversity have higher values in forests, followed by natural corridors and corridors and lower values in open pastures. Differences in species composition were greater between forests and pastures, and species composition of restoration corridors begins to resemble that of riparian forests and forest fragments. Our results provide initial evidence on the role of restoration corridors as an efficient strategy aimed to recover biodiversity and functional diversity in pervasively fragmented landscapes.
Hawala in criminal court: the role of law and commercial culture in informal financial exchange
Authors: Ercanbrack Jonathan G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA historically informed understanding of ḥawāla and other varieties of informal value transfer systems (IVTS) requires consideration of the normative and cultural elements which structure and facilitate transactions in globalized financial markets. This paper argues that the Sharia-based normative and cultural framework of ḥawāla is created in the social relations of Muslim networks and that, in a criminal law context, this normativity can be used as a tool to discern between legitimate and illegitimate transactions. The new institutional economists’ (NIE) explanation of ḥawāla, which predominates in scholarly work, neglects this common frame of reference built on community, shared belief, and normative rules and expectations. The NIE views economic institutions through the lens of profitmaking and self-interest centred institutional development. Moreover, in a criminal law context, the profit-oriented perspective of law overlooks the normative characteristics that sometimes appear in the transactional characteristics of these transactions. When evidence of these characteristics is presented to the court, they offer a useful tool to differentiate legitimate from illegitimate transfers of value. Legitimate transfers will frequently be facilitated through dense networks in which the normativity and culture of ḥawāla frame the rules and expectations of parties to the transaction. Criminal transactions, on the other hand, typically involve fewer participants, sometimes from different ethnic and linguistic backgrounds, are profit-orientated, and involve means of enforcement such as the use of violence which traditional networks do not employ. The NIE perspective does not fully account for non-western legal orders or for commercial practices in which exchange remains culturally, historically, and socially embedded.