bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MHD three-dimensional flow of Maxwell fluid with variable thermal conductivity and heat source/sink
Authors: Hayat T. , Shehzad S.A. , Alsaedi A. 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the three-dimensional flow of Maxwell fluid with variable thermal conductivity in presence of heat source/sink.

Design/methodology/approach
– Similarity transformations are utilized to reduce the nonlinear partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. The governing nonlinear problems are solved by homotopy analysis method.

Findings
– The paper found that the velocities decrease while temperature increases for higher Hartman number. It is also seen that the thermal boundary layer thickness and temperature are increased with an increase in variable thermal conductivity parameter and heat source/sink parameter.

Practical implications
– Heat transfer analysis with heat source/sink has pivotal role in many industrial applications like cooling of an infinite metallic plate in a cooling bath, drawing of plastic films, nuclear plants, gas turbines, various propulsion devices for missiles, space vehicles and processes occurring at high temperatures.

Originality/value
– This study discusses the magnetohydrodynamic three-dimensional flow of Maxwell fluid with variable thermal conductivity and heat source/sink. No such analysis exists in the literature yet.
Modeling polypropylene polymer air drawing in the spunbonding nonwoven process
Authors: Zhao Bo 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– The air drawing model plays an important in spunbonding. The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of the density and the specific heat capacity of polymer melt at constant pressure changing with polymer temperature on the fiber diameter.

Design/methodology/approach
– The air drawing model of the polypropylene polymer in a spunbonding process is presented and solved by introducing the numerical computation results of the air flow field of aerodynamic device.

Findings
– The model prediction of the filament fiber diameter coincides well with the experimental data. The effects of the processing parameters on the filament fiber diameter are discussed. A lower polymer throughput rate, higher polymer melt temperature, higher primary air temperature, higher venturi gap, higher air suction speed, and higher quench pressure can all produce finer filament fiber.

Originality/value
– The experimental results show that the agreement between the results and experimental data are very better, which verifies the reliability of these models. The results show great prospects for this research in the field of computer assisted design of spunbonding technology.
China-based logistics research: a review of the literature and implications
Authors: Liu Xiaohong 
Published: May 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which research opportunities on China's logistics have been identified in the field.Design/methodology/approach– In order to fulfill the research objective, a literature-based survey was executed in eight peer-reviewed logistics and supply chain management journals during the 2001-2012 timeframe. In total, 91 articles were examined and analyzed from three perspectives: research focus, theoretical base and methodological approach. A content analysis was used to classify and assess the analytical units with selected examples from the articles surveyed.Findings– The analysis reveals that a number of research foci have been addressed, but there are some fertile areas that researchers could explore in view of the evolution of logistics and transitional trends in present-day China. Theory applications were applied in few papers, showing a low rate of usage of theories. Different research techniques have been applied, but greater methodological rigor is expected to be achieved, given the unique research setting in China.Research limitations/implications– While the study has consulted the major logistics journals in the logistics field in which researchers aim to pursue their publications regarding China-based logistics research, it should be noted that contributions in other journals may have been missed.Practical implications– The study sheds new light on the research needs and opportunities for advancing China-based logistics research; for those researchers interested in China's logistics, it provides options which may lead to further, valuable research in this area.Originality/value– This paper represents the first attempt to examine a body of literature on China-based logistics research. It provides implications for future study.
The value of thinking inside out
Authors: Martin Dick 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– To explore the value of internal communication in strategic planning.

Design/methodology/approach
– Personal viewpoint.

Findings
– Effective internal communications is an important element in the development and implementation of business strategy. Research by the institute for Public Relations has revealed best-in-class practices in employee communications.

Originality/value
– Personal viewpoint based on research by the Institute of Public Relations.
Corporate mindset, denial and resistance to change in health leaders
Authors: V. Canyon Deon 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– Corporate culture is a product of managerial mindset and it consists of obscured, undisclosed and unconditionally accepted assumptions that underlie corporate behaviour. This study seeks to investigate the extent of corporate mindset since it is a causal factor in crises.

Design/methodology/approach
– Data were obtained by questionnaire from decision-making executives in hospitals, medical centres, aged care, pharmacies, dental clinics and practices in physiotherapy, chiropractic and podiatry.

Findings
– Organizations were judged to be in a state of medium disavowal concerning their belief that the impact of any crisis would be small. Around two thirds of participants indicated that the general mind-set of organizations contributes to effective crisis management, and that a welcoming attitude would prevail in the event of the implementation of a organization-wide, systems-wide, crisis management program. With regard to denial mechanisms or beliefs that hinder effective crisis management, two-thirds indicated inactive/passive resistance and one-third indicated active/aggressive resistance. The reasons for resistance were apathy, anti-change, and concern about cost.

Originality/value
– Cultural opposition to crisis preparedness varies significantly between organizations and poses a major barrier to effective crisis management. This study empowers health leaders by identifying several mindset changes that are required to create crisis-resilient health organisations.
Leading change within health services
Authors: Jacobs Stephen , Rouse Paul , Parsons Matthew 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– Much health service delivery occurs within a network structure, with co-operation and competition coexisting. Leading change for successful outcomes is a difficult task even outside of this multi-layered complex context, with reports that up to two-thirds of change processes are unsuccessfully implemented. This can have a major impact on stress, effectiveness and efficiency. This paper aims to address these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Theories supporting a generic implementation system for managers were explored so that people placed into situations in which they needed to lead and manage change could access a systematic approach that enabled clarification of the network's goal(s), valid communication among members of the network, and performance measurement using indicators the network agrees are meaningful.

Findings
– The implementation pathway developed provides a change process leaders and managers of change can use within networks.

Practical implications
– Health service funders and managers will be helped by this systematic implementation process.

Originality/value
– Health service funders and managers will be assisted by the systematic implementation process.
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 and Ohio physicians
Authors: K. Quaye Randolph 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– This paper aims to explore the perspectives of Ohio physicians on the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010. While much has been debated about ACA, relatively few studies have focused on how ACA will impact on physicians' practice behavior.

Design/methodology/approach
– The research data came from a mailed survey of ninety physicians randomly selected from the Cigna Directory of Physicians practicing in Ohio. Study examined how informed were physicians about ACA, and explored how much the effect of ACA has been discussed in their practice, how they think ACA will impact their practice, and whether or not they are in favor of the provisions under the Act.

Findings
– Overwhelmingly, while the physicians surveyed were familiar with the specific provisions of ACA, almost half of them opposed it. Primary care physicians reported generally favorable opinions about ACA. All but one of the physicians concluded that ACA, much like managed care provisions, has undermined and will continue to reduce the autonomy and professional independence of physicians.

Research limitations/implications
– This study is limited by its small sample and reliance on a small set of physicians.

Practical implications
– This study has practical implications for examining how Ohio physicians are responding to the new health care reform in the United States. It has broader implications for addressing the problem of the uninsured and the role of the federal government in health care provision.

Social implications
– If physicians are opposed to this reform as the study seems to suggest, it might have broader implications for future career aspirations for physicians.

Originality/value
– So far as we can tell, there has not been any exploratory study in Ohio examining the perspectives of physicians on ACA.
Supervisory influences on officers’ perceptions of less lethal force policy: a multilevel analysis
Authors: Robert Ingram Jason , R. Weidner Robert , A. Paoline III Eugene , Terrill William 
Published: May 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of sergeants’ less lethal force policy perceptions on subordinate officers’ policy perceptions. Sergeants are a critical level of supervision in police departments with respect to policy administration, particularly in regard to the use of force. Little empirical research, however, has been conducted on either officer policy perceptions or this aspect of the supervisory role.Design/methodology/approach– Surveys of 765 patrol officers and 146 patrol sergeants served as the data source. Multilevel modeling procedures were used to test for supervisory influences on officer force policy perceptions while controlling for relevant officer-level variables. Additional analyses were conducted to examine potential moderating effects for this sergeant-officer attitudinal relationship.Findings– Findings revealed that sergeant policy perceptions, views of top management, and their level of support had a significant impact on officers’ force policy perceptions. Furthermore,post hocanalyses revealed that sergeant support moderated the sergeant-officer force policy perception relationship.Research limitations/implications– The results indicate that officers’ force policy perceptions are associated with the attitudinal dispositions of sergeants. Future work could expand the focus on administrative attitudinal outcomes beyond less lethal force policies as well as other perceptions of the work environment.Practical implications– For police leaders, the findings illustrate the need to pay attention to mid-management levels and the organizational climate, as negative orientations can impact additional domains (i.e. policies and procedures) and other organizational members (i.e. subordinates).Originality/value– The study adds to the limited body of research on two accountability mechanisms of departments: administrative rulemaking and frontline supervision.
An empirical examination of special operations team leaders’ and members’ leadership characteristics
Authors: Josiah Arnatt Michael , M. Beyerlein Michael 
Published: May 2014

Purpose– Law enforcement special operations teams (e.g. Special Weapons and Tactics Teams, Swift, HRT, and Strategic Response Teams) are charged with resolving difficult situations that pose a threat to all involved. Recent tragedies strengthen the idea that law enforcement special operations teams play a critical role in the maintenance of public safety. Despite the importance of police special operations teams, there is virtually no empirical research specifically addressing leadership within these teams. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach– A review of literature was first conducted, identifying authentic leadership, emotional intelligence, and self-efficacy to deal with potentially life threatening situations as being core concepts underlying effective leadership in law enforcement special operations teams. The Authentic Leadership Questionnaire, Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire, and the Crisis Leader Efficacy in Assessing and Deciding Scale were then administered to US local, state, and federal special operations team members and leaders (n=99). Results were analyzed according to formal team roles.Findings– Findings reveal members and leaders differ in regards to scale scores representing relational transparency, moral and ethical, sociability, and disaster self-efficacy.Originality/value– Much research on special operations teams is highly theoretical and does not seek to understand team leadership in a testable manner. This is especially true of the relationships between the formal roles of leaders and members. This study is the first to use established leadership instruments to assess the differences between team members and leaders. It provides a starting point for future research and reinforces the idea that there are identifiable differences between special operations teams and members.
Social disorganization and police performance to burglary calls: a tale of two cities
Authors: Cihan Abdullah 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the distribution of police response time to in-progress burglaries differ according to the level of social disorganization across different neighborhoods.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using 2006 calls for service data collected from the Dallas and Houston Police Departments and from the 2000 US Bureau of Census statistics, the effects of social disorganization on police performance were examined through multilevel analysis of the distribution of police response time patterns across different neighborhoods in Dallas and Houston.

Findings
– The analysis of the DPD and HPD in-progress calls produced somewhat consistent findings on the relationship between the level of social disorganization and police response time. Concentrated disadvantage, immigrant concentration, and residential stability are important predictors of the distribution of police response time patterns in Dallas and Houston.

Practical implications
– Neighborhood social disorganization is related to the distribution of agency response time patterns. Detailed response time analysis is crucial for agencies to improve police performance and the community-police relationship.

Originality/value
– In the policing literature, researchers have tended to neglect rapid response when examining many aspects of policing. The present study expands on existing research by examining the theoretical link between the level of neighborhood social disorganization with the distribution of rapid police response to in-progress burglary in two cities.
Labor supply with Friedman-Savage preferences
Authors: G. Eisenhauer Joseph 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– Some labor supply curves exhibit inflection points at which they bend backward or fall forward; thus, some workers alternate between increasing and decreasing their labor hours as wages increase. No consensus has yet been reached on the underlying motive for such behavioral inconsistencies. This paper aims to develop a unified theory to explain each of these variations in labor supply.

Design/methodology/approach
– The author employs a simple model of labor supply with additively separable utility over income and leisure. The sub-utility function for income is of the Friedman-Savage type, exhibiting preferences that alternate between increasing and diminishing marginal utility of income.

Findings
– Labor supply curves slope downward where relative risk aversion is strong, and upward where relative risk aversion is weak or negative. Thus, utility functions with inflection points can form the basis of labor supply curves with inflection points.

Research limitations/implications
– Friedman-Savage utility can explain virtually any observed labor supply functions, including convex, backward-bending, forward-falling, and inverted-S curves.

Practical implications
– Inflection points on the labor supply curve can create multiple and unstable market equilibria. Labor-market policies, including legislation pertaining to minimum wages and collective bargaining, and policies to enhance education and economic security, may reduce aversion to risk and thereby decrease the prevalence of unstable equilibria.

Originality/value
– This paper unites two lines of research – labor supply and Friedman-Savage utility – which have, rather remarkably, been separate to date. In doing so, it provides a new application of the classic Friedman-Savage paradigm, and a new explanation of labor supply curves with negatively-sloped regions.
An empirical analysis of the performance of pension funds: evidence from UK
Authors: Adami Roberta , Gough Orla , Mukherjee Suranjita , Sivaprasad Sheeja 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– This paper aims to examine the investment performance of pension funds in the UK using the three standard performance measurement models, the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), Fama-French model and the Carhart model.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors use the CAPS-Mellon survey data for the period 1990-2008 and employ the three standard performance measurement models, the CAPM, Fama-French model and the Carhart model in assessing the investment performance of the pension funds.

Findings
– The authors show that the abnormal returns of pension funds cannot be fully explained by size, book-to-market values, market returns, momentum and the term spread. The authors find larger abnormal returns in bond than in equity portfolios and that smaller funds outperform larger funds. The paper also shows that the addition of the momentum factor does not improve on the three-factor Fama-French model. The authors find that pension funds exhibit superior performance relative to the linear factor models.

Research limitations/implications
– First, this study contributes to the extant literature on pension funds performance. Future research may also extend the authors' work to incorporate economic, tax, political and legal differences across the countries on the performance of pension funds. Second, due to data constraints, this study excludes the default probability of corporate bonds as an additional variable in their tests on bond returns. Future work may add the default probability as an additional variable whilst examining bond returns.

Practical implications
– The authors believe that the findings will be considerable food for thought for fund managers who continuously attempt to explore opportunities to provide a higher return to investors.

Originality/value
– To the authors' knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study that investigates the performance of UK equity and bond pension funds relative to standard linear factor models such as the CAPM, Fama and French, and Carhart.
Money factors and EMU government bond markets' convergence
Authors: Philippas Dionisis , Siriopoulos Costas 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– The authors aim to investigate the cointegrating relationship of the government bond yields, driven by the common money factors in European Monetary Union (EMU).

Design/methodology/approach
– By adopting a dynamic ARDL transformation, the paper provides short-/long-term estimates of bond yields convergence before the burst of the current debt crisis. It also investigates how the degree of convergence between bond yields, driven by money factors, is affected in short/long runs.

Findings
– The findings indicate that the introduction of the common currency has not a uniform effect on the bond yields, and there is a nominal convergence between EMU bond yields based on money market determinants.

Originality/value
– The current financial crisis indicates that the EMU bond market convergence was temporary and it can be highly affected by an exogenous shocks and the sentiment of international investors. The findings imply the necessity for a common monetary and fiscal policy in Euro zone countries.
Cutting Medicare Hospital Prices Leads to a Spillover Reduction in Hospital Discharges for the Nonelderly
Authors: White Chapin 
Published: May 2014

ObjectiveTo measure spillover effects of Medicare inpatient hospital prices on the nonelderly (under age 65).Primary Data SourcesHealthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Databases (10 states, 1995–2009) and Medicare Hospital Cost Reports.Study DesignOutcomes include nonelderly discharges, length of stay and case mix, staffed hospital bed‐days, and the share of discharges and days provided to the elderly. We use metropolitan statistical areas as our markets. We use descriptive analyses comparing 1995 and 2009 and panel data fixed‐effects regressions. We instrument for Medicare prices using accumulated changes in the Medicare payment formula.Principal FindingsMedicare price reductions are strongly associated with reductions in nonelderly discharges and hospital capacity. A 10‐percent reduction in the Medicare price is estimated to reduce discharges among the nonelderly by about 5 percent. Changes in the Medicare price are not associated with changes in the share of inpatient hospital care provided to the elderly versus nonelderly.ConclusionsMedicare price reductions appear to broadly constrain hospital operations, with significant reductions in utilization among the nonelderly. The slow Medicare price growth under the Affordable Care Act may result in a spillover slowdown in hospital utilization and spending among the nonelderly.
Human Security and Disarmament Treaties: The Role of International Campaigns
Authors: Alcalde Javier 
Published: May 2014

AbstractTraditionally, security issues were confined within the realm of states. However, a broad understanding of security has given civil society a say on these issues. Recent campaigns have managed to draw attention to the humanitarian consequences of specific weapons, such as landmines, cluster munitions and small arms. Forming part of a new peace movement, these campaigns are more sophisticated, use a variety of strategies and resources, focus on concrete security issues, have a lower profile and are arguably more successful than their predecessors. In this article, some of the factors leading to success and failure in a number of disarmament initiatives are presented, as well as the interactions between campaigns and government policy makers, and the international dynamics of negotiations on treaties – in other words, the ‘rules of the game’. Also, current debates regarding learning processes within the campaigns and the democratic features of the processes under study are discussed. This article includes several recommendations aimed at helping civil‐society activists increase their influence when negotiating humanitarian security treaties.