bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermophysical Properties of Cholesteryl Oleyl Carbonate Determined with Microscopic Ftir/Dsc System
Authors: Lin Yih‐Yih , Chen Ko‐Shao , Lin Shan‐Yang 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA microscopic Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (Micro FTIR) equipped for differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to measure simultaneously the chemical structural variation and the thermal response of phase transition of cholesteryl oleyl carbonate (COC). The differential scanning calorimeter served also to determine the phase transitions of COC during heating or cooling. Two endothermic features due to phase transition were found in the thermogram: 18. 3 °C for a smectic‐cholesteric transition and 37.5 °C for a cholesteric‐isotropic transition during heating; 35.1 °C for an isotropic‐cholesteric transition and 15.8 °C for a cholesteric‐smectic transition during cooling. The breadth of the feature indicated sluggish phase transitions. The three‐dimensional plot indicated that the intensities of lines due to the C‐H stretching and scissoring deformation modes and C=O stretching mode of COC decreased suddenly near the temperature of phase transition during heating but the intensity of the line dues to the C‐O stretching mode of carbonate ester of COC increased. Lattice vibrations or coupling of vibrational modes might be responsible for the result. These intensities in the cooling process varied inversely to those in heating process.
An Efficient and Highly Chemoselective Method to Desilylate Silyl Ethers
Authors: Lee Adam Shih‐Yuan , Yeh Hsiu‐Chih , Yeh Ming‐Kuo , Tsai Ming‐Hung 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAn efficient and highly chemoselective desilylating method is described. Trimethylsilyl ethers (0.25 M) in a CH3OH/CCl4 (1:1) solvent mixture are deprotected to their corresponding alcohols with ultrasound in a commercial ultrasonic cleaning bath. Selective deprotection of tert‐butyldimethylsilyl ethers of benzyl alcohols and phenols is achieved under ultrasonic conditions. We deprotected also tert‐butyldimethylsilyl ethers of primary alcohols, whereas tert‐butyldimethylsilyl ethers of secondary and tertiary alcohols are stable under these conditions.
Methylation of Aniline Over SAPO‐11
Authors: Yang Sze‐Ming , Pan Tzuu‐Wanq 
Published: May 2015

AbstractMethylation of aniline over a mildly acidic siliconaluminium phosphate catalyst (SAPO‐11) with medium pores is reported. The selectivity of N‐methylates products is about 90%. By comparison with results obtained from SAPO‐5 with large pores and with amorphous aluminium phosphate, molecular sieves with medium pores prevent the formation of bulky isomers and better resist formation of coke. The ortho isomer is most abundant among toluidine isomers. Some ortho isomers may result from the rearrangement of N‐methylaniline.
Azeotropic Distillation‐ and Ultrasound‐Promoted Lipase‐Catalyzed Reactions
Authors: Lin Gialih , Liu Hsiao‐Chien , Liu Shih‐Huang 
Published: May 2015

AbstractLipase from porcine pancreas was demonstrated to catalyze reactions under azeotropic and ultrasonic conditions. Reaction rates were significantly enhanced 3 to 60‐fold by applying azeotropic distillation and 7 to 83‐fold by applying ultrasonication. For both conditions, enantioselectivities were retained.
Roripanoside, a New Kaempferol Rhamnoside from Rorippa Indica (L.) Hiern
Authors: Lin Yun‐Lian , Kuo Yueh‐Hsiung 
Published: May 2015

AbstractExtracts of the whole herb of Rorippa indica contain benzoic acid, ferulic acid, vanillic acid, gallic acid, glucosyl sinapinate, β‐sitosteroyl‐3‐O‐β‐glucoside, quercetin‐7‐O‐rhamnoside, kaempferol, kaempferol‐3‐O‐β‐glucoside, −7‐O‐β‐glucoside, −7‐O‐rhamnoside, −3‐O‐arabinoside, and −3‐O‐glucosyl‐7‐O‐rhamnoside together with a new compound, roripanoside. The new compound was elucidated as kampferol‐7‐O‐(6″′‐O‐caffeoyl)glucosyl (1 → 4) rhamnoside on the basis of spectral and chemical evidence.
Reduction of Acetylsydnones with Borohydride Anion: Preparation of 4‐(1‐Hydroxyethyl) Sydnones
Authors: Tien Hsien‐Ju , Cherng Jye‐Yu , Lin Shaw‐Tao 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAcetyl group on the sydnone ring can be reduced by using NaBH4 in MeOH solution in good yields. Acetyl group on the sydnone ring is less reactive for reduction than that on a phenyl ring when both rings are present.
Oxidations of 4‐ and 3‐Aminopyridinepentaammineruthenium(ii) Complexes by Ethylenediaminetetraacetatocobaltate(III)
Authors: Chien Chiu Feng , Chen Chang‐Nan , Yang Wen Yi , Yeh Andrew 
Published: May 2015

AbstractRedox reactions of Co(edta)− with Ru(NH3)5L2+ (L = 3‐ and 4‐aminopyridine (AmPy)) were found to follow an outer‐sphere electron transfer mechanism. The specific rate constants are (3.26 ± 0.03) × 102 and (3.07 ± 0.04) × 103 M−1S−1, for L = 3‐ and 4‐AmPy, respectively, at μ, = 0.10 M LiClO4, pH = 8.0 (tris) and T = 25 °C. The rate constants of oxidations for a series of Ru(NH3)5L2+ complexes are higher than those of the corresponding Fe(CN)5L3‐ complexes by factors of 4 to 15 even after corrections for differences in reduction potentials and in charges of the complexes. Nonadiabaticity in the reactions of Fe(CN)5L3 complexes may account for the difference in the relative reactivities.
Secoiridoid Glycosides from Jasminum Polyanthum
Authors: Shen Ya‐Ching , Lin Shao‐Ling , Hsieh Pei‐Wen , Chein Chyh‐Cbung 
Published: May 2015

AbstractChemical investigation of the ethanolic extract of Jasminum polyanthum Franch has resulted in the isolation of verbascoside (10) and 9 secoiridoid glycosides including oleoside dimethyl ester (1), 10‐hydroxy oleoside dimethyl ester (2), oleoside 11 methyl ester (3), methyl‐glucooleoside (4), 8‐epikingiside (5), ligustroside (6), angustifolioside B (7), oleuropein (8), and oleoacetoside (9). The structures of 1‐10 were established primarily on the basis of NMR analysis.
Structure and Synthesis of Simulansamide, a Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor from Zanthoxylum Simulans
Authors: Wu Shwn‐Jen , Chen Ih‐Sheng , Chem Ching‐Yuh , Teng Che‐Ming , Wu Tian‐Shung 
Published: May 2015

AbstractSimulansamide, isolated from the root bark of Zanthoxylum simulans, shows strong inhibition of platelet aggregation. The structure of this compound was deduced from spectral data and verified by synthesis.
Specific Uphill Transport of Zinc as Zn(SCN)42− Ion using Na+‐Dicyclohexyl‐18‐Crown‐6 as Carrier
Authors: Akhond Morteza , Shamsipur Mojtaba 
Published: May 2015

AbstractSodium‐dicyclohexyl‐ 18‐crown‐6 complex cation was used as carrier for the uphill transport of zinc as Zn(SCN)42− complex anion. By using L‐cysteine as a metal ion acceptor in the receiving phase at the optimized pH of 7.6, the amount of zinc transport through the liquid membrane after 90 min was 97.2 ± 1.0%. The selectivity and efficiency of zinc transport from aqueous solutions containing equimolar mixtures of Ag+, Cd2+ Co2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Pd2+, Sr2+, Bi3+, Cr3+ and Fe3+ ions was investigated. In the presence of NH2OH.HCl as a suitable masking agent in the source phase, the interfering effect of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions was diminished drastically.
Chemical Transformations of (2,3,9,10‐Tetramethyl‐1,4,5,7,8,11,12,14‐Octa‐Azacyclotetradeca‐1,3,8,10‐Tetraenato)Cobalt(II)Perchlorate
Authors: You Yuan‐Shyane , Lee Gene‐Hsiang , Peng Shie‐Ming 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe monomeric octa‐aza bis‐α‐diimine macrocyclic complex [CoII(C10H20N8)(H2O)](ClO4)2 I, undergoes various reactions on the macrocyclic ligand. Reaction of complex I with triethylamine in double molar proportions, followed by slow aerial oxidation, produces a molecular dimeric complex [CoII(C10H14N8)]2, III, and a novel Co(I) complex [CoI(C10H19N8)], IV. Complex III is a staggered cofacial dimer with a cobalt‐cobalt bond length 2.86(1) Å. The macrocyclic ligand of the complex contains an a‐diimine function in each five‐membered chelate ring, and a three‐atom N‐C‐N− delocalized system in each six‐membered chelate ring. Complex IV has the 5‐5‐6‐6 chelate arrangement because one α‐diimine moiety is rearranged to a syn‐anti configuration. In the structure, the two fused six‐membered chelate rings are fully conjugated and the two fused five‐membered rings are saturated. However, when complex I reacts with excess triethylamine under the similar conditions, a dimeric complex of another type, [CoII(C10Hl6N8)]2, II, was generated, in which one N‐N bond of the macrocyclic ligand is broken. Complex IV can be isolated also from the reaction of complex I with excess hydrazine, followed by slow aerial oxidation. When hydrazine in double molar proportions was used, complex [CoI(C10H17N8)(NHNH)] V, which contains a coordinated diazene ligand, was obtained. Only one six‐membered chelate ring of complex V is deprotonated and oxidized to form a three‐atom N‐C‐N− delocalized system. The structures of octa‐aza complexes I‐V are determined by X‐ray crystallography: I, orthorhombic, C mca, a = 11.646(4), b = 17.049(3), c = 10.706(3) Å, Z = 4, R = 0.045, Rw = 0.047, based on 1024 reflections with I > 2σ(I); II, monoclinic, P 21/c, a = 9.814(3), b = 22.583(6). c = 14.632(9) Å, β = 98.90(5)°, Z = 4, R = 0.085, Rw = 0.101, based on 2033 reflections with I > 2σ(I); III, tetragonal, P 4/nmm, a = 15.614(3), c = 6.498(2) Å, Z = 4, R = 0.081, Rw = 0.115, based on 340 reflections with I > 2σ(I); IV, orthorhombic, P bca, a = 8.484(1), b = 16.662(3), c = 18.760(2) Å, Z = 8, R = 0.029, Rw = 0.024, based on 1441 reflections with I > 2σ(I); V, monoclinic, P 21/m, a = 7.892(3), b = 11.713(6), c = 9.326(4) Å, β = 108.03(3), Z = 2, R = 0.047, Rw = 0.056, based on 948 reflections with I > 2σ(I).
Formation of 3‐Bromo‐1,5‐ and −1,7‐Azulenequinones from 1‐Alkyl‐and 1‐Phenylazulenes by Substituent Extrusion on the Bromine‐ Oxidation in Aqueous THF. Remarkable Substituent Effects on the Product Distribution
Authors: Wakabayashi Hidetsugu , Takano Akifumi , Shindo Kimio , Yasunami Masafumi , Chen Jhy‐An , Yang Paw‐Wang , Nozoe (The Late) Tetsuo 
Published: May 2015

AbstractOxidation of 1‐ethyl‐, 1‐propylazulenes, and their 5‐isopropyl derivatives with bromine gave 3‐bromo‐1,5‐ and 3‐bromo‐l,7‐azulenequinones (Type A) together with 3‐bromo‐l‐hydroxy‐5‐isopropyl‐l‐alkylazulen‐7‐one and its isomeric products (Type B), while the same reaction of 1‐methylazulenes afforded Type B products along with many unidentified products. On the other hand, 1‐phenylazulene gave 3‐phenyl‐1,5‐ and 3‐phenyl‐l,7‐azulenequinones (Type C) and Type B products in high yie]ds. 1,2‐Polymethyleneazulenes afforded a considerable amount of 3‐bromo‐2‐(ω‐formylalkyl)azulenequinones together with Type B products. Possible pathways for the extrusion of the alkyl substituent at C‐l are discussed.
Coking and Deactivation of H‐ZSM‐5 Zeolites during Ethylbenzene Disproportionation: I. Formation and Location of Coke
Authors: Chen Wen‐Hua , Jong Sung‐Jeng , Pradhan Ajit , Lee Ting‐Yueh , Wang Ikai , Tsai Tseng‐Chang , Liu Shang‐Bin 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe mode of deactivation and coke formation in a H‐ZSM‐5 zeolite during ethylbenzene disproportionate has been investigated by TGA, adsorption, IR, and 129Xe NMR techniques. The initial rate of deactivation and the total coke content are found to increase with increasing conversion level. Within the range of conversion (54‐63%) covered in the present study, the location and extent of coke deposition can be divided into three distinct regions. At low coke content, coke is found to deposit on the Brønsted acid sites and resulted in a notable decrease in catalytic activity. As the amount of coke increases (≤ 7 wt%), while the catalytic activity decreases slightly, most of coke still tends to deposit within the zeolite channels. The slight decrease in catalytic activity is ascribed to steric hindrance by coke residues. When the coke content exceeds 7 wt%, while the activity remains almost constant, the deposition of coke on the external surface of the zeolite crystallites is evident. It is found that neither the pore opening nor the acid site were completely blocked off by coke residues even at the highest coke loading.
The Versatile Synthesis of Azulenothiazole Derivatives
Authors: Huang Tian‐Chyuan , Lin Yun‐Shan 
Published: May 2015

Abstract6‐Methoxy‐2‐methylazuleno[6,5‐d]thiazole 5, 2‐benzamidoazuleno[6,5‐d]thiazole 13 and its 6‐methoxy derivative 10 were obtained by the decarbethoxylation of the diethyl 6‐methoxy‐2‐methylazuleno[6,5‐d]thiazole‐5,7‐dicarboxytate 4, diethyl 2‐benzamidoazuleno[6,5‐d]thiazole‐5,7‐dicarboxylate 12 and ite 6‐methoxy derivative 9, respectively. The latter compounds were synthesized from diethyl 6‐amino‐2‐hydroxyazulene‐l,3‐dicarboxylate 1, diethyl 5‐bromo‐6‐amino‐2‐acetylaminoazulene‐l,3‐dicarboxylate 6b and diethyl 5‐bromo‐6‐amino‐2‐hydroxyazulene‐l,3‐dicarboxylate 6a in a few steps, by previous methods.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermotropic Properties of Liquid Crystals with an Oligo (Ethylene Oxide) Monomethyl Substituent I: Biphenyl‐Based Systems
Authors: Chang‐Chien Guo‐Ping 
Published: May 2015

AbstractNew alkene liquid crystals 4‐[oligo(ethylene oxide)o, monomethylether)carbonyl]phenyl 4‐[4(allyloxy) phenyl]benzoate(MBPBEn, n = 1‐3), 4′‐[oligo(ethylene oxide)o, monomethylether)carbonyl]biphenyl‐4‐yl 4‐[4‐(al1yloxy)phenyl]benzoate(MBPBPEn, n = 1‐3), (S)‐4‐[(2‐methyl‐I‐butoxy)carbonyl]phenyl 4[4‐(allyloxy)phenyl]benzoate(MBPBKA), and (S)‐4′‐[(2‐methyl‐l‐butoxy)carbonyl]biphenyl‐4‐yl 4‐[4(allyloxy)phenyl]benzoate(MBPBPKA) were synthesized and characterized using 1H‐NMR and elemental analysis methods. The thermal transition temperatures, mesomorphic properties, and mesophase textures of these compounds have been determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), by polarizing optical microscopy, and by X‐ray diffraction analysis. The effect of changes in chemical structure on the mesophase properties, mesophase and isotropic transition temperatures, and mesophase textures are discussed.
Oxidative Addition of Diphenyl Disulfide/Thiophenol to [Mn(CO)5]−: Crystal Structure of cis‐[Mn(CO)4(SPh)2]−
Authors: Liaw Wen‐Feng , Ching Chao‐Yi , Lee Chen‐Kang , Lee Gene‐Hsiang , Peng Shie‐Ming 
Published: May 2015

AbstractOxidative addition of diphenyl disulfide to the coordinatively unsaturated [Mn(CO)5]− led to the formation of low‐spin, six‐coordinate cis‐[Mn(CO)4(SPh)2]−. The complex cis‐[PPN][Mn(CO)4(SPh)2] crystallized in monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 9.965(2) Å, b = 24.604(5) Å, c = 19.291(4) Å, β = 100.05(2)°, V = 4657(2)Å3, and Z = 4; final R = 0.036 and Rw = 0.039. Thermal transformation of cis‐[Mn(CO)4(SPh)2]− to [(CO)3Mn(μ‐SPh)3Mn(CO)3]− was completed overnight in THF at room temperature. Additionally, reaction of [Mn(CO)5]− and PhSH in 1:2 mole ratio also led to cis‐[PPN](Mn(CO)4(SPh)2]. Presumably, oxidative addition of PhSH to [Mn(CO)4]− was followed by a Lewis acid‐base reaction to form cis‐[Mn(CO)4(SPh)2]− with evolution of H2.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Fused Thiazolo[4,5‐d] Pyridazine Derivatives
Authors: Makki Mohamad S. I. , Faidallah Hassan M. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe synthesis of thiazolo[4,5‐d]pyridazines and the unknown ring systems, thiazolo[4,5‐d]‐1,2,4‐triazolo‐ and tetrazolo[4,3‐b]pyridazines as well as thiazolo(4,5‐d]pyridazino[2,3‐c]2H triazines, has been achieved according to different pathways. Biological testing of the new tricyclic heterocycles revealed that some of these compounds possess remarkable antibacterial activity.
Acute Toxicity of Cresols to Pseudomonas — An Initial Oxygen Uptake Method
Authors: Huang Ded‐Shih , Tseng I‐Cheng , Liou Huie‐Yun , Huang Chi‐Ming 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAcute toxicity of cresols to both Pseudomonas I and II was estimated by an initial oxygen uptake method. Inhibition studies of toluene and cresols on the oxidation of either benzoate by Pseudomnas I or phenol by Pseudomonas II were analyzed and expressed as oxygen uptake rates. Double reciprocal plots for the inhibiton by cresols of oxygen uptake in Pseudomonas, two physical constants, Vmaxi and Ki, were obtained. The Vmaxi of o−, m− and p‐cresol were 80%, 81% and 57% of Vmax in Pseudomnas I, and 10%, 25% and 36% in Pseudomonas II, respectively. Thus, the toxicity to Pseudomonas I decreases in the order p‐ > o‐ ≥ m‐cresol, whereas to Pseudomonas II, the order is changed to o‐ > m‐ > p‐cresol. This difference in the toxicity order is probably due to the allosteric effect of p‐cresol towards Pseudomonas II.Inasmuch as most compounds inhibit noncompetively, the relative toxicity of different compounds can be estimated by a new toxicity parameter RI (relative inhibition) which is defined as 100/Ki. By comparing the RI value of each compound, the toxicity to Pseudomonas I decreases in the order m‐chlorophenol > p‐cresol > p‐chlorophenol > o‐cresol ≥ m‐cresol > o‐chlorophenol > toluene > phenol.
Bicyclo[3.2.1]octenones as Building Blocks in Natural Product Synthesis (V): Formal Synthesis of (±)‐Specionin
Authors: Chang Meng‐Yang , Chang Chi‐Peng , Chang Nein‐Chen 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA formal synthesis (±)‐specionin (1) is described. The key intermediate is tricyclic ketone 4.
Excited‐State Double Proton Transfer in 1‐Azacarbazole Hydrogen Bonded Complexes
Authors: Chang Chen‐Pin , Yen Fu‐Hsiang , Chou Pi‐Tai , Wei Ching‐Yen 
Published: May 2015

AbstractExcited‐state double proton transfer (ESDPT) has been studied in a variety of 1‐azacarbazole (1AC) hosted hydrogen‐bonded complexes. In 1 AC/carboxylic acids hydrogen bonded complexes, large association constants of > 1.0 × 104 M−1 are measured in the ground state and the rate of ESDPT is » 5.0 × 109 s−1, resulting in a dominant proton‐transfer tautomer emission. In several 1 AC/lactam hydrogen bonded complexes, however, spectral and dynamic results show the existence of a fast excited‐state equilibrium between normal and proton‐transfer tautomer states. The result can be tentatively rationalized by a non‐catalytic ESDPT mechanism incorporating tautomerization energy of the guest molecule.
Chelating Properties of γ‐Aminobutyrohydroxamate Resin toward Lanthanides
Authors: Lee N‐Ming , Liu Chuen‐Ying 
Published: May 2015

Abstractγ‐Aminobutyrohydroxamate resin that simulate siderophore analogues was prepared. The structure and conversion of functional groups of the resin were confirmed with IR spectra and elemental analysis. The influence of pH on adsorption of metal ions to the resin was examined. Uptake of metal ions increased with pH and was quantitative in the pH range of 4 to 6 for most of the lanthanides. These metal ions showed high exchange rates towards the resin. The complexation behavior of the resin was also investigated by means of IR and potentiometry. The dissociation constant, pKa of the hydroxamic hydroxyl group is 9.36. Stability constants of the insoluble lanthanide complexes on the resins were measured potentiometrically at 25 ± 0.1 °C and ionic strength of 0.1 M KCl. The results were compared with those of the corresponding soluble lanthanide complexes. It was found that a higher stability of the resin resulted in an increase of the stability constants. The phenomena might be due to the length of the spacer in providing the proper geometry of the resin ligand for intramolecular metal complexation.
Reactions with Hydrazidoyl Halides XII Synthesis of Pyrazolo[5,1‐c]‐1,2,4‐triazine, Selenadiazolo[3,2‐a]quinazolones, Selenadiazoline, Thiadiazoline and Thiazole Derivatives
Authors: Hassan Nabil M. , Fahmi Abdelgawad A. , Abd‐El‐Mageid Fouad F. , Abdelhamid Abdou O. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractSeveral new pyrazolo[5,I‐c]triazine, selenadiazoline, thiadiazoline, selenadiazolo[3,2‐a]quitiazolone, and arylazothiazole derivatives were synthesised by the reaction of hydrazonoyl halides with different reagents. The structure of new heterocycles were assigned on the basis of their elemental analysis, spectral data, and alternate synthesis whenever possible.
Preparation and Characterization of a Heteronuclear μ‐Alkyne Complex; X‐Ray Crystal Structure of MoCo(CO)4(PPh3){μ‐HCCSiMe3)(η5‐C5H5)
Authors: Hong Fung‐E , Hung Chang‐Ku , Lin Chu‐Chieh 
Published: May 2015

AbstractReaction of MoCo(CO)5(PPh3)2(η5‐C5H5) (1a) with trimethylsilylacetylene in tetrahydrofuran at 58° C yielded two acetylene bridged heterobimetallic compounds, MoCo(CO)4(PPh3){μ‐HCCSiMe3}(η5‐C5H5) (4) and MoCo (CO)5{μ‐HCCSiMe3}(η5‐C5H5)(5). (4) was characterized by mass, infrared, 1H, 13C and 31P NMR spectra. The X‐ray crystal structure of (4) was determined:triclinic, P‐1, a=8.821(1) Å, b=11.315(3) Å, c=17.029(2) Å, α=70.73(1)°, β=78 .72(1)°, γ=86.10(2)°,V =1573.4(6) Å3, Z=2, R = 3.92%,Rw = 6.06% for 4285 (F > 4σ (F)) observed reflections. The core of this molecule is a quasi‐tetrahedron containing Mo, Co and two carbons of acetylene. The triphenylphosphine ligand is attached to cobalt rather than molybdenum center.
A Facile Synthesis of Aldehyde and Ketone via Senochemical Barbier Reaction and Oxidation
Authors: Lee Adam Shih‐Yuan , Kung Chih‐Chun 
Published: May 2015

AbstractMethyl ketone is prepared by a sonochemical Barbier reaction of methyl iodide, magnesium powder and aldehyde in Benzene/THF (9/1) solvent in a commercial ultrasonic cleaning bath (39 kHz), followed by the addition of N‐chlorosuccinimide (NCS) as an oxidizing agent.
Simultaneous Determination of Carbohydrates and Amino Acids by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis with Constant Potential Amperometric Detection at a Copper Electrode
Authors: Hsi Tai‐Sung , Lin Jia‐Neng , Kuo Keng‐Yu 
Published: May 2015

AbstractCapillary zone electrophoresis with end‐column amperometric detection at a copper microdisk electrode (100 μm in diameter) was successfully applied for simultaneous determination of carbohydrates and amino acids. Under the separation voltage of 27 kV and the separation electrolyte of 80 mM NaOH in a 75 cm fused silica capillary (10 μm i.d. × 375 μmU o.d.), complete separation of a standard mixture containing 9 carbohydrates and 12 amino acids was achieved in less than 25 min. With the electrokinetical injection of 5.4 s at 27 kV and the detection potential of 0.62 V vs. Ag/AgCl, the detection limits (S/N = 3) were 0.22–0.65 ppm (1.2–1.9 μM) for carbohydrates and 0.31–6.5 ppm (2.3–39 μM) for amino acids, respectively. The calculated numbers of theoretical plates were between 41,000 and 190,000. The use of this method for analysis of carbohydrates and amino acids in a urine sample was demonstrated.
An Investigation on the Effect of Arsenic Poisoning on Humans, Agriculture, and Fisheries
Authors: Chen Syhi‐Hwan 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this investigation is to try and understand the degree of arsenic poisoning in the waste water from agricultural chemical factories which release effluents into the waterways in their vicinity. The method of determination is to use the water samples, soil, fish, clams, shell‐fish, etc. found in the areas along the canals and aqueducts and those which lie upstream, midstream, and downstream and also the hair samples of people living in the contiguous areas, to check for the levels of arsenic in them by emission spectroscopy.From the analysis during a one year investigation, we find that the level of As in the water creatures of Chungkang Stream and Lu‐Er‐Men Stream is much higher than in the other water areas of Taiwan such as along beaches and the other rivers; the levels in the hair of the people who live nearby these water courses have a certain degree of correspondence with their eating habits and the quantity of food eaten; however, even those people who eat relatively little have almost 3% As, beyond the 2 mg/kg limit allowed for human beings. We are fully aware of the high level of food contamination on Taiwan, and this fact has been taken into consideration. The effect of As contamination in the soil on agricultural produce does not seem to have any apparent relationship. By the way, the influence of the monthly average rainfall on As contamination in the soil is not obvious.