bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HIERARCHIC STRUCTURE OF NASOPHARYNX MICROBIOTIC COMMUNITY IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION
Authors: Klymniuk S.I. , Romaniuk L.B. , Pokryshko O.V. , Savchuk M.M. , Tkachuk N.I. , Tvorko M.S. , Borak V.P. 
Published: June 2015

<p><em>The results of the study of microbiota of nasal mucosa of patients with acute respiratory infections and acute upper respiratory tract pathology are presented. It is revealed that the microbe variety of the nose and nasopharynx forms associations of staphylococci, streptococci, Neisseria, Moraxella, hemophilic bacteria, sometimes Enterobacteriacea and Pseudomonadaceae, mostly of streptococci and staphylococci. Populations of organisms differ in their levels of colonization. The highest values were characteristic for streptococcal community – 7,88 lg CFU/ml. </em></p>
Impact of Arterial Access Site on Outcomes After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Hamon Martial , Coste Pierre , van’t Hof Arnoud , Ten Berg Jurrien , Clemmensen Peter , Tabone Xavier , Benamer Hakim , Kristensen Steen D. , Cavallini Claudio , Marzocchi Antonio , Hamm Christian , Kanic Vojko , Bernstein Debra , Anthopoulos Prodromos , Deliargyris Efthymios N. , Steg Philippe Gabriel 
Published: June 2015

Background—
In European Ambulance Acute Coronary Syndrome Angiography (EUROMAX), bivalirudin improved 30-day clinical outcomes with reduced major bleeding compared with heparins plus optional glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors. We assessed whether choice of access site (radial or femoral) had an impact on 30-day outcomes and whether it interacted with the benefit of bivalirudin.

Methods and Results—

In EUROMAX, choice of arterial access was left to operator discretion. Overall, 47% of patients underwent radial and 53% femoral access. Baseline risk was higher in the femoral access group. Unadjusted proportions for the primary outcome (death or noncoronary artery bypass graft protocol major bleeding at 30 days) were lower with radial access, however, without differences in major or major plus minor bleeding proportions. After multivariable adjustment, ischemic outcomes were no longer different between access site groups, except for a lower risk of stroke in radial patients. Bivalirudin was associated with lower proportions of the primary outcome in both the radial (odds ratio, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.33–1.03;
P
=0.058) and the femoral groups (odds ratio, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.37–0.93;
P
=0.022; interaction
P
=0.97). Bleeding was significantly lower in the bivalirudin group both in the radial- and femoral-treated patients but no significant difference was observed in ischemic outcomes. In multivariable analysis, bivalirudin emerged as the only independent predictor of reduced major bleeding (odds ratio, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.27–0.74;
P
=0.002).

Conclusions—
In this prespecified analysis from EUROMAX, radial access was preferred in lower risk patients and did not improve clinical outcomes. Bivalirudin was associated with less bleeding irrespective of access site.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01087723.
Flexible Coding of Task Rules in Frontoparietal Cortex: An Adaptive System for Flexible Cognitive Control
Authors: Woolgar Alexandra , Afshar Soheil , Williams Mark A. , Rich Anina N. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
How do our brains achieve the cognitive control that is required for flexible behavior? Several models of cognitive control propose a role for frontoparietal cortex in the structure and representation of task sets or rules. For behavior to be flexible, however, the system must also rapidly reorganize as mental focus changes. Here we used multivoxel pattern analysis of fMRI data to demonstrate adaptive reorganization of frontoparietal activity patterns following a change in the complexity of the task rules. When task rules were relatively simple, frontoparietal cortex did not hold detectable information about these rules. In contrast, when the rules were more complex, frontoparietal cortex showed clear and decodable rule discrimination. Our data demonstrate that frontoparietal activity adjusts to task complexity, with better discrimination of rules that are behaviorally more confusable. The change in coding was specific to the rule element of the task and was not mirrored in more specialized cortex (early visual cortex) where coding was independent of difficulty. In line with an adaptive view of frontoparietal function, the data suggest a system that rapidly reconfigures in accordance with the difficulty of a behavioral task. This system may provide a neural basis for the flexible control of human behavior.
The liver X receptor agonist TO901317 protects mice against cisplatin-induced kidney injury
Authors: Yang Meng , Wang Rong , Sun Jing , Yu Kezhou , Chen Bing , Xu Liang , Zhao Bing , Wang Haiping 
Published: June 2015

Liver X receptors are in the nuclear receptor superfamily and are contained in the regulation of lipid and cholesterol metabolism. Besides, liver X receptors are considered crucial regulators of the inflammatory response and innate immunity. The current study evaluates the in vivo effects that the synthetic liver X receptor agonist TO901317 protects against cisplatin-induced kidney injury in mice. Mice received cisplatin administration through a single intraperitoneal injection (20 mg/kg in saline). And then the mice were treated with the TO901317 by daily gavage (10 mg/kg/day) 12 h postcisplatin administration, and cisplatin nephrotoxicity was evaluated. At 72 h after cisplatin treatment, elevated plasma urea and creatinine levels ( P < 0.05) were evidenced which indicates the renal dysfunction of the vehicle-treated mice, consistent with tubular necrosis, protein cast, dilation of renal tubules, and desquamation of epithelial cells in renal tubules. In contrast, the severity of renal dysfunction and histological damage was reduced in TO901317 treated mice ( P < 0.05). In accordance, circulating tumor necrosis factor alpha levels, renal tumor necrosis factor alpha, p47phox, gp91phox, and protein expression levels and COX-2 mRNA, renal monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, VACAM-1 mRNA and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 contents, and renal prostaglandin E2 amounts, were higher in samples from cisplatin-treated mice in comparison with controls ( P < 0.05) but attenuated in the TO901317 treatment group ( P < 0.05). Taken together, treatment with the liver X receptor agonist TO901317 ameliorated the inflammatory response and oxidative stress in cisplatin-induced kidney injury in mice.
Ex vivo manipulation of bone marrow cells to rescue uremia-induced dysfunction for autologous therapy
Authors: Grange Cristina , Bussolati Benedetta 
Published: June 2015

AbstractUremic toxins are known to affect the regenerative properties of tissue-resident and circulating stem cells and thus appear to be a limiting factor for autologous stem cell-based approaches for treating chronic kidney disease. The recent article by van Koppen and colleagues in Stem Cell Research & Therapy provides evidence that an ex vivo short-term pre-treatment with statins reverts the dysfunction of bone marrow stem cells isolated from rats with renal impairment. Indeed, statin pre-treated cells improved renal function in a model of established chronic kidney disease. Our commentary discusses the potential of this approach in the context of autologous cell therapy and the available knowledge on the mechanisms involved in uremia-induced stem cell dysfunction.
Approaches to Development, Optimization and Evaluation of Company’s Business Processes Models
Authors: Серышев  , Seryshev R. 
Published: June 2015

Approaches to development of models for business processes, including analytical approach, simulation and
expert system for decision making support have been presented in this paper. Positive and negative aspects
of each approach have been studied, and features of their application to the development of business
process models have been identified. The importance of decision-making support expert systems use during
business processes optimization project realization has been accentuated. Business processes efficiency
calculations model has been considered, and effectiveness assessment criteria have been proposed. The
model is set up on indicators of satisfaction with quality, cost and time, and based on selection of priority
process for carrying out of measures related to optimization of business processes in complex systems.
Business processes optimization economical effectiveness estimation technique has been developed based
on the synthesis of participants’ opinions collecting methods (enquiries, questionnaires, brainstorming),
methods of semi-graphical simulation (matrices, trees), Delphi methods, PERT / Time analysis, ABCcosting,
and express methods for business processes assessment.
Spójność, zgodność i dyscyplina ugrupowań parlamentarnych: przegląd aktualnych zagadnień badawczych
Authors: Sokołowski Jacek K. 
Published: June 2015

Unity, cohesion and discipline of parliamentary groups: state of the art and the current research
The article sums up the development of a particular subdiscipline in parliamentary research, i.e. the cohesion analysis. By outlining approaches to parliamentary cohesion, it identifies the two major ones: the institutional one, focusing on intra– and extra parliamentary institutions influencing cohesion and the socio‑motivational one, focusing on individual MP’s motivations, shaped by more general or more individual factors (social norms, loyalty, individual preferences). The author assesses possible future developments of the field, noting that the insufficient theoretical framework hinders further progress in comparative studies. With regard to the very few Polish studies of the subject, the author proposes a clear Polish terminology relating to major concepts used to describe the voting behavior of a parliamentary group.
The Laboratory Medicine and the care of patients infected by the Ebola virus. Experience in a reference hospital of Madrid, Spain
Authors: Fernandez-Puntero Belen , Gomez-Rioja Ruben , Alcaide Maria Jose , Oliver Paloma , Fernandez-Calle Pilar , Iturzaeta Jose Manuel , Buno Antonio 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe ongoing Ebola virus outbreak in several countries in West Africa was considered by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as a public health emergency of international concern. Healthcare providers must be prepared by organising specific procedures in our hospitals based on recommendations from national and international healthcare organisations. Two aims should be considered: appropriate medical care for patients with suspected or confirmed disease must be ensured, as must measures to prevent transmission to healthcare workers. The clinical laboratory plays an important role and must define and establish its own procedures in accordance with clinicians and integrated into those of the institution, starting with the definition of the organisation model in the laboratory to achieve those goals. In this review we present our experience based on the care of three patients with confirmed cases. We hope it will help other colleagues to plan for Ebola.
Über die zeitlich aufgelöste Messung von Geschwindigkeiten mittels schneller Röntgentomographie
Authors: Hoppe Dietrich 
Published: June 2015

Zusammenfassung
Für die Bestimmung von Geschwindigkeiten am schnellen
Röntgentomographen Rofex eignet sich die Methode der
Kreuzkorrelation. Weil dabei manchmal relativ große
Integrationsintervalle notwendig sind, kann es zur entsprechend
schlechten zeitlichen Auflösung der Geschwindigkeiten
kommen. Gezeigt wird, dass mit geeignetem Vorwissen über das sich
bewegende Medium oder Objekt trotzdem zumindest regional relativ hohe
zeitliche Auflösungen erreichbar sind.
Preparation and Decay of 72Zn
Authors: Kjelberg Α. , Hagebø E. , Nordhagen R. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
A radiochemical method for separation of essentially carrier free zinc from uranium or thorium and their fission products has been worked out and applied to the study of the decay of 72Zn. Gamma transitions of energies 15, 42, 46, 78, 103, 112, 144, and 190 keV are found.
Die Zerlegung komplexer Zerfallskurven
Authors: Seyb Κ. E. 
Published: June 2015

Zusammenfassung
Nach einer einfachen mathematischen Behandlung werden komplexe Zerfallsdaten von zwei genetisch abhängigen oder unabhängigen Radioisotopen geradlinig dargestellt. Das Verfahren wird zur Bestimmung von 95Zr und 95Nb im Gemisch verwendet.
On the Fast Chemical Separation of Carrier-free Samples from Macro-amounts of Proton-irradiated Rare-Earth Targets
Authors: Oelsner-Ryde G. K. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
The formation of precipitates, which appeared in the body of the cation-exchange resin beds during the chemical separation of carrier-free samples from proton-irradiated cyclotron targets of more than 50 mg of rare-earth oxides, is investigated. The properties and character of this insoluble salt are discussed. A method for such a separation, which avoids the disturbing influence of a precipitate, is given. The sample produced is suitable for beta ray spectroscopy. The method described is applicable to fairly short-lived rare-earth isotopes, as the procedure can be carried out within 8 hours.
Grobkörnige anorganische Ionenaustauscher mit inaktiver Matrix
Authors: König Karl-Heinz , Schäfer Horst , Hoyer Fritz , Rassl Gerhard 
Published: June 2015

Zusammenfassung
Grobkörnige anorganische Ionenaustauscher werden durch Mischfällung adsorptionsaktiver Komponenten mit einer inaktiven Matrix hergestellt. Die entstehenden Produkte lassen sich leicht aufarbeiten und geben in Austauschersäulen Füllungen mit kleinem Strömungswiderstand. Ihre Eigenschaften werden durch Adsorptionsversuche von 137Cs/Ba und 234Th (UX1) an Mischfällungen von Zirkonphosphat und Zirkonhypophosphat mit Kieselsäure demonstriert. Da in saurer Lösung durch die Kieselsäure die Eigenschaften der adsorptionsaktiven Komponenten nicht wesentlich beeinflußt werden, sind solche Mischfällungen zum Studium der Grundeigenschaften neuer anorganischer Ionenaustauscher und für Anwendungen in der Radiochemie sehr geeignet.
Preparation of 18F in a Nuclear Reactor
Authors: Bresesti M. , Del Turco A. M. , Ostidich A. 
Published: June 2015

Summary

18F has been produced irradiating LiN03 in the Ispra 1 reactor, by 16O(t, n)18F reaction using tritons from 6Li(n, t)4He reaction. A simple method is proposed for the purification of 18F, based on the adsorption on anionic alumina in OH- form and elution with NaF solution. Also the adsorption of 18F on magnesium oxide has been experimented. Several other salts containing lithium and oxygen have been irradiated. Some remarks are reported on the dependence of the 18F production yields from the chemical composition of the irradiated compounds.
Observations on Spur Reactions in the Liquid Phase γ-Radiolysis
Authors: Schindler Ralph N. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
Propane and butane formation is observed in the liquid phase γ-radiolysis of mixtures of methyl with ethyl halide; butane and ethane formation occurs when mixtures of methyl with n-propyl iodide are irradiated. The G-values for these products are not affected by ≦ 10-2 moles/1 DPPH. These observations and the dependence of G (recombination products) on the composition of the mixtures strongly suggest that these hydrocarbons are formed by diffusion-controlled recombination in spurs.
The Effect of γ-Pre-Irradiation on Recoil Phenomena in Crystals
Authors: Dimotakis Paul N. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
The γ-pre-irradiation effect on the recombination of recoil cobalt atoms in some neutron irradiated crystalline cobaltic complexes was examined. The introduction of defects into the lattice by pre-irradiation seems to increase the initial retention and promotes the annealing phenomenon, though on the other hand radiolytic phenomena may also appear. Plots of isothermal annealing curves appear to indicate the existence of two or more parallel consecutive recombination-decomposition reactions. A kinetic interpretation of such mixed phenomena is also given. Complex kinetic phenomena also appear to be quite general in annealing processes for systems already studied by other authors. These systems, if examined in this light, may lead to a new interpretation as to the way in which recombination occurs during annealing.
Versuche zur Identifizierung der bei der 191Ir (n, γ) 192Ir-Kernreaktion entstandenen chemischen Folgeprodukte im Na2lrCl6 • 6H2O
Authors: Bell R. , Herr W. 
Published: June 2015

Zusammenfassung
Im System Na2IrCl6 · 6H2O konnten auf elektrophoretischem Wege zahlreiche individuelle Rückstoßverbindungen, die auf Grund des 191Ir (n, γ)
192Ir-Kernprozesses entstehen, getrennt werden. Diese haben vornehmlich anionischen Charakter, doch werden auch zwei 192Ir-markierte Kationen beobachtet. Es wurde das chemische Verhalten dieser mit wenigen Ausnahmen in trägerfreier Form vorliegenden Produkte während des Alterns in In HCl-Lösung und bei Reduktion des IrlV zum IrIII studiert. Zum Verständnis des Hydrolysevorganges der 36Cl und 192Ir markierten Hexachlorokomplexe des 3- und 4wertigen Iridiums erwies sich die gleichzeitige Anwendung von aktivierungsanalytischen Methoden als sehr nützlich. Diese Kenntnisse ermöglichten es, die Natur der im Pherogramm auftretenden 192Ir-Rückstoßverbindungen weitgehend zu klären. Der überwiegende Teil ist auf oktaedrische Komplexe des 3wertigen Iridiums mit wechselnden Anteilen an Cl-, H2O- und OH--Liganden zurückzuführen. Von Bedeutung ist die Mitwirkung der 6 Kristallwassermoleküle, welche über Ionen und Radikale die Kombinations- und Stabilisierungs- Reaktionen beeinflussen und so auch die Entstehung von bisher zum Teil noch unbekannten Iridium- Komplexverbindungen verständlich machen.
Determination by Neutron Activation of Gallium and Germanium in Iron Meteorites
Authors: Wasson John T. , Kimberlin Jerome 
Published: June 2015

Summary
A procedure is given for the simultaneous determination by neutron activation of gallium and germanium in iron meteorites or other similar materials. Germanium is separated from interfering activities by solvent extraction from 8 Ν HCl into carbon tetrachloride followed by distillation as GeCl4. The chemical yield is determined colorimetrically using phenylfluorone. Gallium is separated by repeated solvent extactions into isopropyl ether, and the yield is determined by flame photometry. About 12 man hours are necessary to process six to eight samples, not including the time necessary to reduce the counting data. The detection limits for a thermal-neutron flux of 1012 cm-2 sec-1 are about 0.02 ppm germanium and 0.0001 ppm gallium.
Advanced Flexible CIGS Solar Cells Enhanced by Broadband Nanostructured Antireflection Coatings
Authors: Pethuraja Gopal G. , Welser Roger E. , Zeller John W. , Puri Yash R. , Sood Ashok K. , Efstathiadis Harry , Haldar Pradeep , Harvey Jennifer L. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTFlexible copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) solar cells on lightweight substrates can deliver high specific powers. Flexible lightweight CIGS solar cells are also primary candidates for building-integrated panels. In all applications, CIGS cells can greatly benefit from the application of broadband and wide-angle AR coating technology. The AR coatings can significantly improve the transmittance of light over the entire CIGS absorption band spectrum. Increased short-circuit current has been observed after integrating AR coated films onto baseline solar panels. NREL’s System Advisor Model (SAM) has predicted up to 14% higher annual power output on AR integrated vertical or building-integrated panels. The combination of lightweight flexible substrates and advanced device designs employing nanostructured optical coatings together have the potential to achieve flexible CIGS modules with enhanced efficiencies and specific power.
A Norma das Constituições e a Constituição da Norma no século XIX
Authors: Pagotto Emilio Gozze 
Published: June 2015

<p>O texto apresenta os resultados de um estudo comparando os dois primeiros textos constitucionais brasileiros: a constituição do Império, de 1824 e a constituição da República, de 1891. A comparação entre os dois textos permite concluir que teria havido, no espaço de tempo decorrido entre os dois textos, uma alteração significativa nos padrões normativos daquilo que se concebe como boa ou má língua, ao menos quanto às construções aqui examinadas. De fato, quanto à posição dos pronomes clíticos, quanto ao emprego de preposições em completivas e relativas, quanto ao emprego do relativo <strong>onde</strong>, dentre outras construções, percebe-se uma clara diferença de preferência entre um e outro texto constitucional. Elas materializam a passagem entre o que se costuma chamar de português clássico e o que se costuma chamar de português moderno, este último entendido aqui como o português normatizado que se recomenda nos manuais de gramática.Tal passagem de uma norma a outra se dá, no Brasil, à revelia dos processos de mudança em curso e na direção que redundará no português brasileiro atual.</p>
Statistical Models for Analysis of Social Network Dynamics in Educational Studies
Authors: Dokuka Sofia , Valeeva Diliara 
Published: June 2015

Research on co-evolution of networks and behavior became possible with the emergence of student performance and behavior dynamic data collection and storage tools, as well as with the development of new social network analysis methods. Dynamic network analysis answers the question, how specific forms of student behavior, like bad habits, develop and propagate. It is also helpful in following how school or university students enter into friendship or antagonism with each other, as well as in assessing the impact social relations have on academic performance. The paper gives a review of the two key methods used for empirical analysis of social network dynamics. Stochastic Actor-Oriented Models (SAOM) represent one of the most elaborated techniques of social network dynamics investigation. This approach regards the present state of a network as dependable on its preceding state uniquely. Network evolution appears to be continuous, not discrete, so that a structural macro change is, in fact, a multitude of micro changes. Instead of dealing with structure of the network and prerequisites for its development, the SAOM model studies the processes underlying any changes recorded. Separable Temporal Exponential Random Graph Models (STERGM) are an alternative approach towards research on social network dynamics. In this case, the social network observed is a materialization of one of possible networks with predetermined characteristics. Any network develops in the result of a stochastic process, and the research should be aimed at discovering what forces this process is driven by. Comparison of an empirically discovered network with networks of similar size reveals structural features of the network and characteristics of actors who influenced the process of its establishment. In this paper, we also give an example of how both models can be used with the same set of data.