bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stone Age archaeological sites and environmental changes during the Holocene in the NW region of Russia
Authors: Kulkova Marianna , Mazurkevich Andrey , Gerasimov Dmitry 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

The region of NW Russia connecting with the Baltic Sea presents a dynamic ecological system that was sensitive to environmental changes during the Holocene. Certain factors affected environmental changes in the region during the Holocene: deglaciation processes, that finally terminated about 9 cal ka BP; eustatic sea-level changes; and tectonic movements, which are basically considered in the region as isostatic uplift processes. Contextual remains of ancient human occupation sites can be the only evidence of surface stabilization in monotonous sediments, such as aquatic and subaquatic deposits. Prehistoric settlements also mark ancient shorelines. The latter is of great importance for studying the history of water oscillations and coastal-line displacements on the territory of NW Russia. The transgressive–regressive stages of the Baltic Sea (at
c.
10.15 cal ka BP, the Ancylus transgression; at
c.
7.6–7.0 cal ka BP, the Littorina transgression) have an impact on the positions of prehistorical sites. The complex investigations of the Stone Age archaeological settlements on the Karelian Isthmus and in the Dvina–Lovat’ basin, and their altitudes below sea level, allowed us to reconstruct palaeoenvironmental changes during the Holocene, the chronology of cultural–historical processes and the adaptation strategy of ancient people to environmental conditions in this territory.
On Some Transverse Geometrical Structures of Lifted Foliation to Its Conormal Bundle
Authors: Ida Cristian , Oană Alexandru 
Published: March 2015

We consider the lift of a foliation to its conormal bundle and some transverse geometrical structures associated with this foliation are studied. We introduce a good vertical connection on the conormal bundle and, moreover, if the conormal bundle is endowed with a transversal Cartan metric, we obtain that the lifted foliation to its conormal bundle is a Riemannian one. Also, some transversally framed f(3, ε)‐structures of corank 2 on the normal bundle of lifted foliation to its conormal bundle are introduced and an almost (para)contact structure on a transverse Liouville distribution is obtained.
Regions of Central Configurations in a Symmetric 4 + 1-Body Problem
Authors: Shoaib Muhammad 
Published: March 2015

The inverse problem of central configuration of the trapezoidal 5-body problems is investigated. In this 5-body setup, one of the masses is chosen to be stationary at the center of mass of the system and four-point masses are placed on the vertices of an isosceles trapezoid with two equal massesm1=m4at positions∓0.5, rBandm2=m3at positions∓α/2,rA. The regions of central configurations where it is possible to choose positive masses are derived both analytically and numerically. It is also shown that in the complement of these regions no central configurations are possible.
Hsp27 Inhibition with OGX-427 Sensitizes Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells to Erlotinib and Chemotherapy
Authors: Lelj-Garolla Barbara , Kumano Masafumi , Beraldi Eliana , Nappi Lucia , Rocchi Palma , Ionescu Diana N. , Fazli Ladan , Zoubeidi Amina , Gleave Martin E. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most frequent cause of death from cancer worldwide. Despite the availability of active chemotherapy regimens and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, all advanced patients develop recurrent disease after first-line therapy. Although Hsp27 is a stress-induced chaperone that promotes acquired resistance in several cancers, its relationship to treatment resistance in NSCLC has not been defined. Understanding adaptive responses of acquired resistance will help guide new strategies to control NSCLC. Hsp27 levels were evaluated in an HCC827 erlotinib-resistant–derived cell line (HCC-827Resistant), and sensitivity to erlotinib was examined in Hsp27-overexpressing A549 cells. The role of Hsp27 in both erlotinib and cytotoxic treatment resistance was evaluated in HCC-827 and A549 NSCLC cells using the Hsp27 antisense drug OGX-427. The effect of OGX-427 in combination with erlotinib was also assessed in mice bearing A549 xenografts. Hsp27 is induced by erlotinib and protects NSCLC cells from treatment-induced apoptosis, whereas OGX-427 sensitizes NSCLC cells to erlotinib. Interestingly, increased resistance to erlotinib was observed when Hsp27 was increased either in HCC827 erlotinib-resistant or overexpressing A549 cells. Combining OGX-427 with erlotinib significantly enhanced antitumor effects in vitro and delayed A549 xenograft growth in vivo. OGX-427 also significantly enhanced the activity of cytotoxic drugs used for NSCLC. These data indicate that treatment-induced Hsp27 contributes to the development of resistance, and provides preclinical proof-of-principle that inhibition of stress adaptive pathways mediated by Hsp27 enhances the activity of erlotinib and chemotherapeutics. Mol Cancer Ther; 14(5); 1107–16. ©2015 AACR.
Effectiveness and safety of dabigatran therapy in daily-care patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Ebertz Franziska , Förster Kati , Gelbricht Vera , Michalski Franziska , Köhler Christina , Werth Sebastian , Endig Heike , Pannach Sven , Tittl Luise , Sahin Kurtulus , Daschkow Katharina , Weiss Norbert , Beyer-Westendorf Jan 
Published: March 2015

summaryThe effectiveness and safety of dabigatran for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (SPAF) demonstrated in RE-LY needs to be confirmed in daily care. To evaluate treatment persistence, effectiveness and safety of dabigatran therapy in SPAF patients in daily care, we used data from an ongoing, prospective, non-interventional registry of more than 2,500 patients on novel oral anticoagulants in daily care. Between October 1, 2011 and February 28, 2013, a total of 341 SPAF patients receiving dabigatran were enrolled. The combined endpoint of stroke/transient ischaemic attack/systemic embolism occurred at a rate of 2.93/100 patient-years in the intention-to-treat analysis (95%-CI 1.6–4.9) and at 1.9/100 patient-years in the on treatment analysis (events within three days after last intake). On-treatment rates were higher in patients selected for 110 mg dabigatran (n=183) BID compared to the 158 patients selected for 150 mg BID (2.88 [95% CI 1.16–5.93] vs 0.86/100 patient-years [95% CI 0.10, 3.12]). On treatment, major bleeding occurred at a rate of 2.3/100 patient-years and numerically more often in patients receiving the 110 mg BID dose compared to the 150 mg BID dose (2.9 vs 1.7/100 patient-years). Dabigatran treatment discontinuation occurred in a total of 124 patients during follow-up (25.8 per 100 patient-years in Kaplan Meier analysis). Main reasons for treatment discontinuation were nonbleeding side effects. Our data contribute to the confirmation of effectiveness and relative safety of dabigatran in unselected patients in daily care. However, discontinuation rates are not lower than those reported for patients treated with vitamin K antagonists.
Identification of Novel Long Noncoding RNAs Underlying Vertebrate Cardiovascular Development
Authors: Kurian Leo , Aguirre Aitor , Sancho-Martinez Ignacio , Benner Christopher , Hishida Tomoaki , Nguyen Thai B. , Reddy Pradeep , Nivet Emmanuel , Krause Marie N. , Nelles David A. , Esteban Concepcion Rodriguez , Campistol Josep M. , Yeo Gene W. , Izpisua Belmonte Juan Carlos 
Published: March 2015

Background—
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical epigenetic regulators with important functions in development and disease. Here, we sought to identify and functionally characterize novel lncRNAs critical for vertebrate development.

Methods and Results—

By relying on human pluripotent stem cell differentiation models, we investigated lncRNAs differentially regulated at key steps during human cardiovascular development with a special focus on vascular endothelial cells. RNA sequencing led to the generation of large data sets that serve as a gene expression roadmap highlighting gene expression changes during human pluripotent cell differentiation. Stage-specific analyses led to the identification of 3 previously uncharacterized lncRNAs,
TERMINATOR
,
ALIEN
, and
PUNISHER
, specifically expressed in undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells, cardiovascular progenitors, and differentiated endothelial cells, respectively. Functional characterization, including localization studies, dynamic expression analyses, epigenetic modification monitoring, and knockdown experiments in lower vertebrates, as well as murine embryos and human cells, confirmed a critical role for each lncRNA specific for each analyzed developmental stage.

Conclusions—
We have identified and functionally characterized 3 novel lncRNAs involved in vertebrate and human cardiovascular development, and we provide a comprehensive transcriptomic roadmap that sheds new light on the molecular mechanisms underlying human embryonic development, mesodermal commitment, and cardiovascular specification.
State, Illegality, and Territorial Control
Authors: Forero Jorge Enrique 
Published: March 2015

The inevitable incursion of Colombian armed groups into Ecuador remained at low levels for decades, but in the late 1990s the United States increased its level of engagement in the conflict and the Colombian government permitted the expansion of paramilitaries into the South of the country. While Rafael Correa’s Plan Ecuador privileged economic development in the border region as a way of promoting peace there, the massacre by the Colombian military in Angostura (Sucumbíos) in March 2008 led to an increase in military spending and increasing violations of the human rights of the region’s people. Socioeconomic conditions remain favorable to the expansion of the paramilitary organizations, linked to drug trafficking, gasoline smuggling, and other illegal activities. Without the resurrection of Plan Ecuador, their presence will continue to threaten the sovereignty of the state and the consolidation of its progressive national project. La incursión inevitable de los grupos armados colombianos en Ecuador se mantuvo en niveles bajos durante décadas, pero a finales de los 90s los Estados Unidos aumentaron su nivel de participación en el conflicto y el gobierno colombiano permitió la expansión de los paramilitares en el sur del país. Si bien el Plan Ecuador de Rafael Correa privilegió el desarrollo económico en la región fronteriza como una forma de promover la paz allí, la masacre por el ejército colombiano en Angostura (Sucumbíos) en marzo de 2008 generó un incremento en el gasto militar y el aumento de violaciones de los derechos humanos de la gente de la región. Las condiciones socioeconómicas siguen siendo favorables a la expansión de las organizaciones paramilitares, vinculadas al tráfico de drogas, contrabando de gasolina, y otras actividades ilegales. Sin la resurrección del Plan Ecuador, su presencia seguirá amenazando la soberanía del Estado y la consolidación de su proyecto nacional progresista.
Social Movements, the State, and the Making of Food Sovereignty in Ecuador
Authors: Peña Karla 
Published: March 2015

The 2008 Constitution was the political opening for food sovereignty in Ecuador. By framing food sovereignty as a right to sumak kawsay (living well), the indigenous and peasant movements garnered support from diverse social groups and sectors forming coalitions like the Red Agraria. Through these coalitions, the social movements have shaped and negotiated policy in new ways. The Red Agraria works with the state’s Conferencia Plurinacional e Intercultural de Soberanía Alimentaria (COPISA) to formulate policies at local and regional levels and then negotiates these policies in the National Assembly. In this process, COPISA has helped create a synergistic relationship between civil society and the state. While it remains unclear whether social movements and the state will move toward implementation and practice, current gains in terms of synergies and opportunities for negotiation have been instrumental in institutionalizing food sovereignty. La Constitución de 2008 fue la apertura política para la soberanía alimentaria en el Ecuador. Los movimientos indigenistas y campesinos han recibido el apoyo de diversos sectores y grupos sociales al concebir la soberanía alimentaria como un derecho a sumak kawsay (vivir bien). Al formar coaliciones como la Red Agraria, los movimientos sociales han formulado y negociado la política pública con nuevas estrategias. La Red Agraria trabaja con la Conferencia Plurinacional e Intercultural de Soberanía Alimentaria (COPISA) del Estado para formular políticas a nivel local y regional y luego negociar estas políticas en la Asamblea Nacional. En este proceso COPISA ha ayudado a crear una relación sinérgica entre la sociedad civil y el estado. Aunque todavía no está claro si los movimientos sociales y el estado avanzarán hacia la implementación y la práctica, los logros alcanzados en términos de sinergias y oportunidades para la negociación han sido fundamentales para institucionalizar la soberanía alimentaria.
Pilot Study Evaluating the Feasibility and Initial Outcomes of a Primary Care Weight Loss Intervention With Peer Coaches
Authors: Dutton Gareth R. , Phillips Janice M. , Kukkamalla Meghana , Cherrington Andrea L. , Safford Monika M. 
Published: March 2015

Purpose The purpose of this single-group pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and initial outcomes of a novel approach to delivering weight loss treatment in primary care using peer coaches and targeting predominantly African American patients with diabetes or prediabetes. Methods Participants (N = 33) were recruited from a family medicine practice for a 6-month lifestyle intervention. Eligible patients were obese adults (body mass index [BMI] ≥30 kg/m2) with ≥1 additional cardiometabolic risk factor(s), including (1) elevated hemoglobin A1C or diagnosed diabetes, (2) elevated blood pressure, (3) elevated triglycerides, and/or (4) low high-density lipoprotein. The intervention included a combination of 12 group-based office visits with health professionals plus 12 individual phone contacts with peer coaches. Outcomes included weight loss, program adherence, and program satisfaction. Results Participants (mean age = 56 ± 10 years; BMI = 42.9 ± 11.0 kg/m2) were predominantly female (88%) and African American (85%). Treatment resulted in a significant mean weight loss of −4.5 ± 7.2 kg, and approximately 27% of participants lost ≥5% of their initial body weight. Participants completed approximately 50% of the group visits and 40% of the telephone calls with peer coaches. Participants rated both components of the intervention favorably. Conclusions Results of this pilot study indicated that a primary care weight management program including group-based visits and peer-delivered telephone contacts achieved significant weight loss among predominantly African American patients with weight-related comorbidities, including diabetes and prediabetes. Additional research is needed to examine the long-term outcomes of this novel approach and to identify program components supporting patients’ success.
Current Dynamics of Scholarly Publishing
Authors: Origgi Gloria , Ramello Giovanni B. 
Published: March 2015

Background: Scholarly publishing is an essential vehicle for actively participating in the scientific debate and for sustaining the invisible colleges of the modern research environment, which extend far beyond the borders of individual research institutions. However, its current dynamics have deeply transformed the scientific life and conditioned in new ways the economics of academic knowledge production. They have also challenged the perceived common sense view of scientific research. Method: Analytical approach to set out a comprehensive framework on the current debate on scholarly publishing and to shed light on the peculiar organization and the working of this peculiar productive sector. Result: The way in which scientific knowledge is produced and transmitted has been dramatically affected by the series of recent major technosocietal transformations. Although the effects are many, in particular the current overlap and interplay between two distinct and somewhat opposite stances—scientific and economic—tend to blur the overall understanding of what scholarly publishing is and produces distortion on its working which in turn affect the scientific activities. The outcome is thus a series of intended and unintended effects on the production and dissemination of scientific knowledge. Conclusion: The article suggests that a substantial transformation characterizes science today that seems more like a thrusting, entrepreneurial business than a contemplative, disinterested endeavor. In this essay, we provide a general overview of the pivotal role of the scholarly publishing in fostering this change and its pros and cons connected to the idiosyncratic interplay between social norms and market stances.
Interest of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex in the management of refractory cancer pain in palliative care: Two case reports
Authors: Nizard Julien , Levesque Amélie , Denis Nathalie , de Chauvigny Edwige , Lepeintre Aurélie , Raoul Sylvie , Labat Jean-Jacques , Bulteau Samuel , Maillard Benoît , Buffenoir Kevin , Potel Gilles , Lefaucheur Jean-Pascal , Nguyen Jean Paul 
Published: March 2015

Background: Non-drug treatments should be systematically associated to the medical analgesic treatment during the terminal phase of cancer. Cases presentation: Patient 1, a 23-year-old woman, presented an adenocarcinoma of the rectum, with liver and lung metastases. Pain was initially treated by oral morphine and a combination of pregabalin and amitriptyline. Ketamine and intrathecal administration of morphine were both ineffective. Patient 2, a 69-year-old woman, presented a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. She was admitted to the palliative care unit with mixed pain related to cutaneous lymphomatous infiltration. World Health Organization (WHO) step 3 analgesics had not been tolerated. Cases management: Both patients received five consecutive 20-min sessions of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to the right motor cortex. Cases outcome: Patient 1 experienced a marked improvement of her pain over the days following the first repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation session. Medical treatment was able to be rapidly decreased by about 50%, which restored an almost normal level of consciousness and lucidity. Patient 2’s pain was also markedly decreased over the days following these five consecutive sessions, and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation also appeared to have had a beneficial effect on the patient’s anxiety and mood. Conclusion: In the context of palliative care of cancer patients experiencing refractory pain that is difficult to control by the usual treatments, motor cortex repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, due to its noninvasive nature, can be used as an adjuvant therapy to improve various components of pain, including the emotional components. By reducing the doses of analgesics, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation decreases the severity of their adverse effects and improves the patient’s quality of life.
Outcome of a Combined Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Anterolateral Ligament Reconstruction Technique With a Minimum 2-Year Follow-up
Authors: Sonnery-Cottet Bertrand , Thaunat Mathieu , Freychet Benjamin , Pupim Barbara H.B. , Murphy Colin G. , Claes Steven 
Published: March 2015

Background: The anterolateral ligament has recently been identified as an important structure involved in rotational laxity after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. Results of a combined ACL and anterolateral ligament (ALL) reconstruction technique have never been reported. Purpose: To report subjective and objective outcomes after combined ACL and minimally invasive ALL reconstruction with a minimum 2-year follow-up. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A total of 92 patients underwent a combined ACL and ALL reconstruction. Indications for a combined procedure were associated Segond fracture, chronic ACL lesion, grade 3 pivot shift, high level of sporting activity, pivoting sports, and radiographic lateral femoral notch sign. Patients were assessed pre- and postoperatively with objective and subjective International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Lysholm score, and Tegner activity scale. Instrumented knee testing was performed with the Rolimeter arthrometer. The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) was obtained at the last follow-up. Complications including graft failure or contralateral ACL rupture were also recorded. Results: The mean follow-up time was 32.4 ± 3.9 months. One patient (1.1%) was lost to follow-up, 1 patient (1.1%) suffered an ACL graft rupture, and 7 patients (7.6%) had a contralateral ACL rupture, leaving 83 patients for final evaluation. At the last follow-up, all patients had full range of motion. The Lysholm, subjective IKDC, and objective IKDC scores were significantly improved (all P < .0001). The Tegner activity scale at the last follow-up (7.1 ± 1.8) was slightly lower than before surgery (7.3 ± 1.7) ( P < .01). The mean differential anterior laxity was 8 ± 1.9 mm before surgery and significantly decreased to 0.7 ± 0.8 mm at the last follow-up ( P < .0001). Preoperatively, 41 patients had a grade 1 pivot shift, 23 had a grade 2, and 19 had a grade 3 according to the IKDC criteria. Postoperatively, 76 patients had a negative pivot shift (grade 0), and 7 patients were grade 1 ( P < .0001). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that a combined reconstruction can be an effective procedure without specific complications at a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Longer term and comparative follow-up studies are necessary to determine whether these combined reconstructions improve the results of ACL treatment.