bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Manners, Habits, Customs, and Even Dialect”: Sources of the Mormon Conflict
Authors: Givens Terryl L. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
This chapter examines the sources of the Mormon conflict. It suggests that neither social, economic, or political factors can be put forward as the central—or even a constant—factor in the long history of Mormon persecution. On the other hand, even when the theological dimensions of conflict are not decisive, they are inescapable and present a constant feature in anti-Mormon antagonisms.
The Buddha's Doctrine and the Nine Vehicles
Authors: Cabezon Jose Ignacio 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe twelfth and thirteenth centuries were a time of tremendous religious efflorescence in Tibet, a period when Tibetans gained their own voice, crafting intellectual and spiritual traditions that were uniquely Tibetan. This book is a study of the life and work of Rog Bande Sherab (1166–1244). Rogben, as he is known, studied under some of the greatest teachers of his day. An itinerant scholar and yogi, he devoted his life to collecting important textual cycles and meditation techniques. Rogben’s most important work, The Lamp of the Teachings, the work translated in these pages, cuts across the genres of history, doctrinal studies, and doxography. It is also one of the earliest philosophically robust explanations of the “nine vehicle” system of the Ancient or Nyingma school of Tibetan Buddhism. This book is the first scholarly study of Rog Bande Sherab, a pivotal figure in both the Pacification (Zhiche) and Ancient (Nyingma) traditions of Tibet, and one of the most original thinkers in Tibetan intellectual history.
How the Buddha Was Enlightened
Authors: Cabezón José Ignacio 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis chapter presents various accounts of the Buddha’s life from various different exoteric and esoteric perspectives: those of the two śrāvaka systems, of the exoteric Mahāyāna (the so-called “vehicle of characteristics"), of the Yoga tantras, the Mahāyoga tantras, and the Great Perfection.
Empathy and Objectivity
Authors: Slote Michael 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Enlightenment thinking and most recent philosophy in the English-speaking world have downplayed or ignored the role of emotion and empathy in epistemology and the philosophy of mind. But objectivity and open-mindedness are epistemic virtues that are involved in full epistemic rationality, and emotion and empathy play a role in these virtues that has been ignored even by recent virtue epistemologists. To be open minded, we have to empathize with the viewpoints of others, and this requires the intellectual emotion of sympathy. And anyone who believes a certain idea or argument is intellectually compelling has a favorable attitude toward it that in effect amounts to mild affect or emotion. All belief therefore involves emotion, and no belief is purely intellectual or cognitive. Our rationalistic thinking about the mind and its justifications has been one sided.
Green Thinking
Authors: Slote Michael 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Green philosophy and deep ecology oppose the dominating Faustian attitude toward nature and the environment that has been so influential in Western thought and Western history. But bringing in receptivity can help to better make the green case: We need to be receptive to the beauty and diversity of the natural world. And care ethics readily expands into a concern for what belongs with us in our world or habitat—in a way that supports a morality that is intrinsically concerned with the nonsentient and not just the sentient world.
Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathy With Proximal Predominance (HMSN-P)
Authors: Campellone Joseph V. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal predominance (HMSN-P) is a rare disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. Patients present with slowly progressive proximal-predominant weakness, painful muscle cramps, fasciculations, large-fiber sensory loss, and areflexia. Electrodiagnostic (EDX) studies typically reveal abnormalities consistent with a sensorimotor neuronopathy. A patient with HMSN-P underwent EDX studies, revealing ongoing and chronic neurogenic denervation, motor unit instability, and neuromyotonic discharges, further defining the spectrum of EDX findings in HMSN-P. The clinical, pathological, and genetic features are also reviewed. The appearance of HMSN-P in the United States and elsewhere calls for clinicians in nonendemic regions to be familiar with this rare disorder, which has typically been geographically confined.
Associations Between Intestinal Mucosal Function and Changes in Plasma Zinc Concentration Following Zinc Supplementation
Authors: Wessells K. Ryan , Hess Sonja Y. , Rouamba Noel , Ouédraogo Zinewendé P. , Kellogg Mark , Goto Rie , Duggan Christopher , Ouédraogo Jean‐Bosco , Brown Kenneth H. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTObjectives:Subclinical environmental enteropathy is associated with malabsorption of fats, carbohydrates, and vitamins A, B12, and folate; however, little information is available on mineral absorption. We therefore investigated the relation between intestinal mucosal function (measured by the lactulose:mannitol permeability test and plasma citrulline concentration), and zinc (Zn) absorption, as estimated by the change in plasma Zn concentration (PZC) following short‐term Zn or placebo supplementation.Methods:We conducted a randomized, partially masked, placebo‐controlled trial among 282 apparently healthy children 6 to 23 months of age in Burkina Faso. After completing baseline intestinal function tests, participants received either 5 mg Zn, as zinc sulfate, or placebo, daily for 21 days.Results:At baseline, mean ± standard deviation PZC was 62.9 ± 11.9 μg/dL; median (interquartile range) urinary lactulose:mannitol (L:M) recovery ratio and plasma citrulline concentrations were 0.04 (0.03–0.07) and 11.4 (9.0–15.6) μmol/L, respectively. Change in PZC was significantly greater in the Zn‐supplemented versus placebo group (15.6 ± 13.3 vs 0.02 ± 10.9 μg/dL; P < 0.0001), and was negatively associated with initial urinary L:M recovery ratio (−1.1 μg/dL per 50% increase in urinary L:M recovery ratio; P = 0.014); this latter relation did not differ between supplementation groups (P = 0.26). Baseline plasma citrulline concentration was not associated with change in PZC.Conclusions:Although altered intestinal permeability may reduce dietary Zn absorption, it likely does not undermine the efficacy of Zn supplementation, given the large increases in PZC following short‐term Zn supplementation observed in this study, even among those with increased urinary L:M recovery ratios.
The future of doctoral education in business administration
Authors: De Meyer Arnoud 
Published: May 2013

PurposeDoctoral education in business administration needs to change in order to cope with the fast growing demand for PhD holders, who can teach and perform research at a high quality level. Additionally, society has a rapidly growing need for knowledge workers who have a doctoral education or an equivalent. The traditional apprentice approach may not be able to cope with that demand. Society has also criticized the inefficiency and cost associated with the current model of PhD education in management or business administration. The purpose of this paper is to provide a reflection for leaders in business education on how we can design a portfolio of different avenues for doctoral education.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on the author's own experience with INSEAD, the University of Cambridge and Singapore Management University, as well as his observations of other universities. It is thus anchored in a few case studies.FindingsThe author pleads for more diversity in doctoral education. It is proposed that we may need to add different models of doctoral education, characterized by more interdisciplinary work and a more diverse career path. Business Schools will have to find new ways to deliver the education and to develop the communities of practice that will share the values of scientific research.Social implicationsSociety needs more knowledge works. Many of these will have the ambition to obtain a research degree, for example, a PhD. This article provides some suggestions and guidelines on how to innovate in the design and delivery of doctoral education in business administration. This should help society to be able to count on more and better adapted PhD graduates.Originality/valueThe paper brings new insights based on extensive experience with leading institutions that groom leaders in business administration.
Developing globally responsible leaders in business schools
Authors: Muff Katrin 
Published: May 2013

PurposeIt is 50 years since the Gordon/Howell and Pierson reports substantially influenced and shaped management education. “Vision 50+20” offers an alternative future in management education for the next 20 years. The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into the suggested new purpose of business schools as role models in providing responsible leadership for a sustainable world. The article proposes a model of implementation of the vision in the domain of teaching and learning, with concrete best practice examples collected from around the world. The evolution of teaching and learning in business education is briefly reviewed in light of newly proposed “collaborator” method, hopefully launching a debate and further research in this important domain.Design/methodology/approachThe 50+20 vision of management education for the world resulted from an 18‐month collective creative visioning and back‐casting process, looking into the future and based on explicitly normative assumptions about the need to change business education. The vision was thus primarily developed deductively from a vision of the future, rather than inductively from existing literature and theory. The scholarly assessments of business schools and business school education were used as a starting point for a normative approach, but cannot explain the vision which spans a broad area of topics and fields both within management and beyond. The author complements the vision with examples from around the world to illustrate the emergence of this vision and suggests a model for considering the implementation of vision 50+20.FindingsBusiness schools need to fundamentally transform their purpose to serve society by providing responsible leadership for a sustainable world, embracing three relevant roles and becoming themselves a role model and a showcase for transformation.Practical implicationsThe paper summarizes the result of the global co‐creative visioning process of project 50+20 offering an alternative vision of management education for the world. More importantly, the paper also suggests a model on how to implement the vision in the domain of teaching and learning by providing concrete applications and leading examples from around the world. As such, it provides a visionary guide for any business and management scholar interested in engaging the future of management education.Originality/valueThe paper summarizes the 50+20 vision and introduces a practical perspective for implementing a meaningful new approach to teaching and learning.
The emergence of risk‐based regulation in higher education
Authors: Hommel Ulrich , King Roger 
Published: May 2013

PurposeBusiness schools are increasingly positioning themselves as entrepreneurial risk‐takers. In doing so, they are front‐runners of a marketization trend affecting the entire higher education sector. In response, governments have begun to subject higher education sectors to systems of risk‐based regulation. The purpose of this paper is to study the likely impact of regulatory change on business school behaviour.Design/methodology/approachThe article focuses on the financial dimension of institutional performance and draws on the corporate risk management literature to derive general design principles for managing risk‐taking in business schools. These are matched with a review of the regulation literature to evaluate regulatory effectiveness.FindingsBusiness schools are facing a double‐hurdle test when managing their risk position. They need to protect their financial solvency with the maintenance of properly functioning risk management systems. At the same time, they will increasingly be subjected to regulatory scrutiny with regulatory shortcomings likely to be mapped into binding but sub‐optimal behavioural constraints. The article offers initial reflections as to how business schools can cope with this double‐hurdle.Originality/valueRisk management in higher education, here with a specific reference to business schools, has so far been under‐theorized from a financial perspective and, as a consequence, the debate on risk‐based regulation lacks a proper foundation. The article addresses this shortcoming.
Stock price volatility and informational efficiency following the mandatory adoption of IFRS in Europe
Authors: Lambertides Neophytos , Mazouz Khelifa 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThe aim of this study is to examine the impact of mandatory International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption on the informational efficiency, market stability, and price adjustment of underlying stocks in Europe.Design/methodology/approachThis study examines 1,187 stocks from 20 European countries to assess the impact of the mandatory adoption of IFRS on certain aspects of the market quality of the adopting firms.FindingsThe observed decrease in the first order autocorrelation and the permanent component of the conditional variance indicates that the mandatory IFRS adoption enhances informational efficiency and contributes to the market stability of the underlying stocks. The authors find no evidence that IFRS adoption affects the role old news has in determining the conditional variance of adopting firms. The effects of IFRS adoption on the equity cost of capital are shown to depend on the country‐specific characteristics. Specifically, IFRS adoption is more likely to increase (decrease) the betas of stocks that are listed in the common (civil) law countries.Research limitations/implicationsLike any empirical event‐study, the validity of the results depends on the absence of confounding events.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first to use GARCH type models to empirically examine the effects of mandatory IFRS adoption on the informational efficiency and market stability of adopting firms.
The research enterprise
Authors: Fox Robert 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThis column seeks to examine the relationship between the modern digital library and academic research entities; and to explore briefly the services that can be provided by information professionals on behalf of investigative teams.Design/methodology/approach:A literature review was conducted in order to find out what the recent views were relating to this subject. The remainder of the content is based upon the author's experience.FindingsThis is an exploratory column proposing that modern academic libraries need to have embedded services that are a part of the research workflow of the university. This column focuses on the digital aspects of research, what the apparent needs are in that context, and suggests the central role that libraries can play in that context.Originality/valueAs the field of information science evolves and libraries recast their vision so that they can support the core mission of modern universities, research support services are central to that effort. The column shows that there are many ways in which the digitally oriented library can fill in the gaps for investigative teams.
Have link resolvers helped or hurt? The relationship between ILL and OpenURL at a non‐SFX library
Authors: Munson Doris M. , Otto Justin L. 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThis paper's purpose is to describe an investigation of whether the addition of an interlibrary loan link as an option in the OpenURL link resolver menu has an effect on interlibrary loan requests for articles.Design/methodology/approachFour years of link resolver clickthrough data were analyzed in conjunction with ten years of interlibrary loan article request data.FindingsThe data showed that requests to ILL increased at first, then fell, and then rose again. There is a correlation between link resolver clickthroughs and ILL requests.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper employed data gathered over a longer time period than previous research on this topic and thus provides a broader exploration of the effect of providing links to ILL through a link resolver. While most OpenURL clickthrough data employed in research are gathered from the SFX OpenURL resolver, here the authors used WebBridge.Originality/valueThis paper offers an example of how non‐SFX institutions can employ clickthrough data to explore issues such as user behavior with regard to ILL.
Customer‐driven benchmarking
Authors: Shamma Hamed , Hassan Salah 
Published: May 2013

PurposeMost benchmarking methods are based on comparing financial and operational indicators with that of the leader in the market. Financial and operational indicators may not be sustainable in facing the speed and competitiveness of today's marketplace. The purpose of this paper is to propose a dynamic customer‐driven benchmarking approach that captures changes in customer perceptions and expectations and subsequent changes in service standards set by experienced customers as best practice.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on examining the current literature on benchmarking and suggesting a new approach for benchmarking that puts the experienced customer as the standard for benchmarking. The customer‐driven benchmarking approach is one that will ensure that companies are continuously improving and advancing their values to meet the needs of the sophisticated and demanding customers.FindingsThe use of customer‐driven benchmarking will not only provide a clear direction and methods for learning from customers by initiating value‐added services that exceed their expectation, but moreover, help to sustain a company's performance and competitiveness in the long‐term.Originality/valueBenchmarking performance against competitors on the basis of financial and operational indicators may not guarantee a sustainable competitive edge. This paper highlights the importance of customer‐driven benchmarking as a strategic approach for a sustainable market performance, emphasizing the standards set by “experienced customers as best practices”.
Benchmarking QFD application for developing packaging products
Authors: Augusto Cauchick Miguel Paulo 
Published: May 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report case studies conducted in a company in Italy that produces packaging systems, in comparison with a Brazilian company within a similar industrial sector. The paper compares those two cases in terms of quality function deployment (QFD) usage and discusses the lessons learned from the cases.Design/methodology/approachCase‐based research was employed. Data were mostly gathered through semi‐structured interviews with engineers and managers involved with product development. Direct observation and archival data were also used to extract more evidence towards triangulation. Then, the aggregation of results was done a posteriori.FindingsQFD implementation process was found to be similar in both companies but with some differences in terms of managerial aspects of product development, e.g. gathering the voice of customer and a more extensive use of other matrices besides the “house of quality”.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was limited in two companies. Although one of the purposes was to analyse if there are contextual differences between those two cases, this study was unable of verifying the context of QFD application. In addition, the study findings are not generalisable to other similar plants.Practical implicationsThe research shows the importance of QFD implementation and similarities between the cases, in addition to contributing to application by identifying relevant aspects of its introduction. It enables practitioners to use the findings on factors that should be taken into consideration when applying QFD.Originality/valueBesides the comparison between two companies, the paper discusses the innovation on QFD projects in one of the companies. In addition, the empirical results found grounding in existing theory to some extent.
Peer mentoring: enhancing social cohesion in Pakistani universities
Authors: Rachel Naseem Nosheen 
Published: May 2013

PurposeUniversity education in developing countries is often restricted to students from privileged backgrounds. However, in Pakistan, access to Higher Education, while competitive, is more broadly based. State universities in particular recruit students from diverse backgrounds. With the aim of introducing peer mentoring as a complementary support for students in Pakistani Universities, a project was undertaken to explore the impact of peer mentoring on the learning culture in universities in Pakistan to see if students involved in peer mentoring can transform learning in the institution and promote skills for lifelong learning and increased social cohesion. The aim of this paper is to investigate introducing peer mentoring in universities in Pakistan.Design/methodology/approachA social action research framework was designed to introduce structured peer mentoring as a support mechanism for students in two universities in Lahore, Pakistan.FindingsResults demonstrated the beneficial impact of introducing mentoring, not only in improvement in the conventional measures of mentoring schemes – improved results, progression, retention – but also in enhancing peer‐support between the diverse groups within the university.Social implicationsThe possibility is raised that such schemes could provide a lever for social change in Pakistan. Universities could provide a model for change in other institutions in Pakistan.Originality/valueIn Pakistan, the benefits of wider access, and the introduction of peer‐assisted learning, are constrained by a teacher‐centred approach, limiting the development of cross‐society learning networks. Structured peer‐assisted learning for university students was non‐existent before this project. The impact of positive results has been significant, with one university introducing a version for all first year students. A similar scheme was introduced for new teachers in one education authority.
A checkered history of combating official corruption
Authors: Caiden Gerald 
Published: May 2013

PurposeOfficial corruption has always plagued the conduct of public affairs and taxed every generation to keep it within reasonable bounds. Concerned governments have tried to apply whatever available remedies came to hand with varying success. Yet whenever one of corruption's many manifestations seemed to diminish, so another would demand attention. Combating it was and remains a tireless affair requiring continual vigilance and experimentation. This paper seeks to address these issues.Design/methodology/approachThe paper studies the history of official corruption and efforts to combat it.FindingsThis checkered history of anti‐corruption efforts shows how the repertoire of techniques expands and how the corrupt evade their application. This everlasting battle of wits depends much on how seriously people and governments take the challenge of corruption, the nature of how public power is exercised, the triumph in governance of self‐interest over the general public interest, the level of personal integrity particularly at the apex of society, and fortune in selection of right targets. Nothing succeeds like success which, given institutional and human weaknesses in local cultures, is so difficult to achieve.Originality/valueThe paper provides an original study of the history of official corruption, efforts to fight it and the problems that are encountered.