bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated Multimotor Electrical DC Drive for Metallurgical Rolling Table
Authors: Gała Marek , Jagieła Kazimierz , Jąderko Andrzej , Rak Janusz 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A drive system of a section of a metallurgical rolling table consisting of six dc motors, 2220 amperes of total current, fed from a single ABB reversible thyristor converter has been described in this paper. Autonomous excitation circuits of the motors are fed from independent thyristor converters working in the so called MULTIFEX system linked with a supervisory high power converter. There are presented schemes of the DSL communication realized by FEX excitation cards of the motors using the SDSC card of the DCS-800-S02 converter and logic control system based on a PLC controller. The parameterization of the DCS-800 converter and the DCF 803 excitation systems was conducted using the DriveWindow software tool. Significant waveforms of voltages, currents and the estimated motor velocity are described and presented for the idle run as well as during transporting sheets discharged from a pusher furnace.
Comparative Analysis of Two Methods of Assessment Wear of Dental Materials
Authors: Wojda Sylwia M. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Wear of dental materials used for permanent dental fillings has a significant impact on their lifetime. Wear products generated during chewing process involving direct tribological contact between a composite and tooth enamel can cause damage not only to enamel itself but also to the entire tooth structure thus affecting the patient’s the health. It is essential therefore to assess the process of wear rates as well as the usefulness and effectiveness of the method used to measure these values. As there are a number of different methods used to quantify the loss of dental materials subjected to friction, eg.: scanning digital 3D models of dental casts, confocal microscope scanning or profilographometer measurements, the authors chose to analyze two selected research methods using confocal microscopy and profilographometer to assess their effectiveness. Two commercially available composite dental materials, i.e. ES and FFE previously subjected to friction tests in contact with human dental enamel, were used for the analysis.
Survey of Existence Results in Nonlinear Peridynamics in Comparison with Local Elastodynamics
Authors: Emmrich Etienne , Puhst Dimitri 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
We give an overview on existence results in nonlinear peridynamics, a nonlocal elasticity theory, and compare these results with those known for classical nonlinear elastodynamics. In peridynamics, it is possible to obtain stronger results under equal or even less restrictive assumptions on the stress.
Carbon balance in harvested wood products in Slovakia / Bilancia uhlíka v drevných produktoch na Slovensku
Authors: Raši Rastislav , Cienciala Emil , Priwitzer Tibor , Palán Štěpán , Pavlenda Pavel 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The forests in Slovakia are managed according to the forest management plans. The limits for cuttings are prescribed according to the rules of sustainable forest management. Thus, the produced timber becomes the sustainable natural resource. The purpose of wood use has implications for the carbon balance. Wood products for long term use represent a carbon pool from which carbon is released according to decay of products. The method for calculation and results of carbon balance of harvested wood products in Slovakia are provided in this paper. According to the results, the total amount of carbon stored in the harvested wood products in Slovakia have had an increasing trend in the last years and reached almost 15 Tg. The calculation follows the methods and good practice guidance arising from the Kyoto Protocol.
Morley’s Trisector Theorem
Authors: Coghetto Roland 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Morley’s trisector theorem states that “The points of intersection of the adjacent trisectors of the angles of any triangle are the vertices of an equilateral triangle” [10]. There are many proofs of Morley’s trisector theorem [12, 16, 9, 13, 8, 20, 3, 18]. We follow the proof given by A. Letac in [15].
Euler’s Partition Theorem
Authors: Pąk Karol 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
In this article we prove the Euler’s Partition Theorem which states that the number of integer partitions with odd parts equals the number of partitions with distinct parts. The formalization follows H.S. Wilf’s lecture notes [28] (see also [1]).
Euler’s Partition Theorem is listed as item #45 from the “Formalizing 100 Theorems” list maintained by Freek Wiedijk at http://www.cs.ru.nl/F.Wiedijk/100/ [27].
Introduction to Diophantine Approximation
Authors: Watase Yasushige 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
In this article we formalize some results of Diophantine approximation, i.e. the approximation of an irrational number by rationals. A typical example is finding an integer solution (x, y) of the inequality |xθ − y| ≤ 1/x, where 0 is a real number. First, we formalize some lemmas about continued fractions. Then we prove that the inequality has infinitely many solutions by continued fractions. Finally, we formalize Dirichlet’s proof (1842) of existence of the solution [12], [1].
Two Axiomatizations of Nelson Algebras
Authors: Grabowski Adam 
Published: August 2015

Nelson algebras were first studied by Rasiowa and Białynicki- Birula [1] under the name N-lattices or quasi-pseudo-Boolean algebras. Later, in investigations by Monteiro and Brignole [3, 4], and [2] the name “Nelson algebras” was adopted - which is now commonly used to show the correspondence with Nelson’s paper [14] on constructive logic with strong negation.
By a Nelson algebra we mean an abstract algebra
〈L, T, -, ¬, →, ⇒, ⊔, ⊓〉
where L is the carrier, − is a quasi-complementation (Rasiowa used the sign ~, but in Mizar “−” should be used to follow the approach described in [12] and [10]), ¬ is a weak pseudo-complementation → is weak relative pseudocomplementation and ⇒ is implicative operation. ⊔ and ⊓ are ordinary lattice binary operations of supremum and infimum.
In this article we give the definition and basic properties of these algebras according to [16] and [15]. We start with preliminary section on quasi-Boolean algebras (i.e. de Morgan bounded lattices). Later we give the axioms in the form of Mizar adjectives with names corresponding with those in [15]. As our main result we give two axiomatizations (non-equational and equational) and the full formal proof of their equivalence.
The second set of equations is rather long but it shows the logical essence of Nelson lattices. This formalization aims at the construction of algebraic model of rough sets [9] in our future submissions. Section 4 contains all items from Th. 1.2 and 1.3 (and the itemization is given in the text). In the fifth section we provide full formal proof of Th. 2.1 p. 75 [16].
Epidemiological risks of endoparasitoses spread by municipal waste water
Authors: Dudlová A. , Juriš P. , Jarčuška P. , Čisláková L. , Papajová I. , Krčméry V. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The occurrence of developmental stages of endoparasite germs (cysts, oocysts, protozoa, and helminth eggs) as an indirect detection factor of endoparasitoses circulation in the environment, was examined in raw municipal wastewater, sludge and biologically cleaned waste water. Examination of municipal wastewater and sludge from five monitored wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in east Slovakia, from various fractions of municipal wastewater, confirmed 35.87 % positivity of samples for the endoparasitic germs. Among of all analysed samples 11.09 % were protozoan oo(cysts) and 20.87 % were helminth eggs. 3.91 % of samples showed positivity to both the helminth eggs and protozoan oo(cysts). In the raw wastewater the protozoa comprised of Giardia spp. (1.08 %) and Entamoeba spp. (1.08 %). The helminth eggs primarily consisted of Ascaris spp. (4.35 %) and strongyle-type eggs (3.26 %). No germs of protozoa or helminths were found in the treated wastewater. However, the highest presence of the germs was found in drained stabilised sludge. The average number of oo(cysts)/kg was 2.86±0.24 and the average number of helminth eggs/kg was 5.77±0.09. In all kinds of sludge, obtained during the process of wastewater treatment, there were protozoan (Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp., Entamoeba spp.) and helminths eggs (Ascaris spp., Trichuris spp., Taenia spp., Hymenolepis spp., or strongyle-type eggs) presented. In drained (condensed) stabilised sludge the eggs of Capillaria spp. and Toxocara spp. were also detected. From the epidemiological aspect the sewage sludge, due to high concentration of protozoal oo(cysts) or helminth eggs, represents a significant epidemiological risk for the endoparasitoses dissemination.
Serological survey for canine angiostrongylosis in Slovakia
Authors: Miterpáková M. , Schnyder M. , Schaper R. , Hurníková Z. , Čabanová V. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
In recent years Angiostrongylus vasorum has become another important heart parasite of dogs besides Dirofilaria immitis, with intense spread into new areas of Europe. The first two cases of canine angiostrongylosis in Slovakia were observed in 2013, demonstrating that this life-threatening parasitic disease of dogs has expanded into this territory too. One year after the first A. vasorum findings, a serological survey was conducted to assess the current distribution of this parasitic infection in dogs from Slovakia. Serum samples from 225 dogs were collected from 29 veterinary practices situated in 22 districts of Slovakia and tested by ELISA for the presence of circulating A. vasorum antigens and additionally for the detection of specific antibodies against A. vasorum. Fourteen samples (6.22 %) were seropositive in at least one ELISA. Of these, 7 dogs (3.11 %) were only antibody-positive and 4 dogs (1.78 %) were positive only for circulating A. vasorum antigen. Three animals out of 225 examined (1.33 %) were positive in both ELISAs
Seasonal variability of the composition and structure of parasite communities of red porgy, Pagrus pagrus (Perciformes: Sparidae) off Brazil
Authors: Soares I. A. , Luque J. L. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A study of seasonal variation of metazoan parasite community of Pagrus pagrus was conducted between January and December 2012. Two hundred forty specimens of Pagrus pagrus were collected in four seasons (autumn and winter in dry season and spring and summer in rainy season) from off the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Twenty one species of metazoan parasites were found, with larvae of Hysterothylacium sp. being the dominant species. The highest values of prevalence and abundance was during the rainy season with peak prevalence of monogeneans and nematodes, period of action of the South Atlantic Central Waters (SACW) and reproductive activity of the host, suggesting that the sasonal variation in the parasites community was influenced for these phenomena.
Additional study of the morphology of eggs and miracidia of Eurytrema coelomaticum (Trematoda)
Authors: Pinheiro J. , Franco-Acuña D. O. , Oliveira-Menezes A. , Brandolini S. V. P. B. , Adnet F. A. O. , Lopes Torres E. J. , Miranda F. J. B. , Souza W. De , Damatta R. A. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The morphology of the eggs and miracidia of Eurytrema coelomaticum was analyzed. The eggshell presented different composition according to the maturation stage of the egg, as seen by distinct birefringence after polarized light microscopic analysis. Detailed morphology of the brownish eggs, measuring 44.97±3.83 (38.67 - 51.40) μm in length and 30.71±2.54 (25.79 -34.47) μm in width, and the different electrondensities of the inner, middle and outer layers of the eggs were determined using light (bright field and DIC) and electronic microscopy (scanning and transmission). The morphometry of the eggs is in accordance to those measures presented in previous studies. The miracidia were observed using light microscopy, inside and outside the egg. It was possible to observe the terebratorium at the anterior end of the body, the ciliated epidermal plates, placed according the formula E=2E1 + 2E2, and the interepidermal ridge, but eyespots were not observed. The excretory vesicle was laterally placed in the posterior middle of the body and the germ balls were observed. The miracidium inside the egg was observed by routine techniques, but the miracidium was not well preserved. Thus, the eggs were processed using high pressure-freeze substitution technique and reasonable preservation was achieved. The cilia covering the larval body, with a typical ciliary organization, the terebratorium with folds and the junction of the epidermal ciliated cell with the larval body were seen. For the first time detailed information on the eggs and miracidia of E. coelomaticum is given, which can be the basis for new studies.
Description of Paratylenchus (Gracilacus) straeleni (De Coninck, 1931) Oostenbrink, 1960 (Nematoda: Criconematoidea, Tylenchulidae) from hazelnut in Turkey and its comparison with other world populations
Authors: Akyazi F. , Felek A. F. , Čermák V. , Čudejková M. , Foit J. , Yildiz S. , Háněl L. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Paratylenchus (Gracilacus) straeleni (De Coninck, 1931) Oostenbrink, 1960 was detected for the first time in Turkey. Our studied population was found in the rhizosphere soil of hazelnut orchards in Ordu. Females and males were studied morphologically and morphometrically by light microscopy and molecularly by sequencing the D2-D3 of the 28S rDNA gene. We present here the morphological and molecular characterisation, phylogenetic analysis of examined population and comparison of variability of worldwide known populations of P. straeleni.
Christen und Muslime im 9. Jahrhundert in Italien und Spanien. Gewalt und Kontakt, Konzeptualisierung und Wahrnehmung
Authors: Herbers Klaus 
Published: August 2015

Zusammenfassung
Der Aufsatz zielt auf einen Vergleich des Verhältnisses zwischen Christen und Muslimen in Italien und auf der Iberischen Halbinsel im 9. Jahrhundert. Vor dem Hintergrund der wissenschaftlichen Diskurse zur Entstehung Europas, zur Frage der Beschaffenheit des Kulturkontakts (friedliches Zusammenleben gegenüber dem Zusammenstoß der Kulturen) sowie zum Gewaltpotential in den monotheistischen Religionen werden verschiedene Konstellationen untersucht. Dabei ergibt die Interpretation des italischen Materials, für das die „päpstlichen“ Quellen zentral sind, dass Konfrontationsmuster vielfach weniger religiös als staatlich geprägt waren. Auch pragmatisches Handeln durch Tribute und Schutzzahlungen sowie Konflikte mit den benachbarten Gemeinschaften wie Neapel oder Amalfi gehören in den Kontext der Auseinandersetzung. Die Lebensumstände der Christen unter muslimischer Herrschaft auf der Iberischen Halbinsel erwiesen sich andererseits durch den Blick auf Binnenstrukturen (in Abkehr von der essentialistischen Definition der „Mozaraber“) ebenso als komplexer. Die Konzeptionen in den kleinen christlichen Reichen des Nordens scheinen entscheidend gewesen zu sein, um Bilder des Mit- und Gegeneinanders auf der Iberischen Halbinsel zu prägen. Aus dem Vergleich der Begrifflichkeiten, der Binnendifferenzierungen innerhalb der christlichen Gruppen, des pragmatischen Handelns und der insgesamt nur diffusen, eher polemisch geprägten Wahrnehmung religiöser Vorstellungen der anderen Seite ergeben sich vergleichend die verschiedenen genannten Gemeinsamkeiten, aber auch Unterschiede (zum Beispiel hinsichtlich der Kreuzzugskonzeptionen). Als deren Ursache können unter anderem die Rolle des Papsttums in Italien sowie die unterschiedlichen politischen Voraussetzungen beider Räume angesehen werden.
Hedgerows Have a Barrier Effect and Channel Pollinator Movement in the Agricultural Landscape
Authors: Klaus Felix , Bass Julia , Marholt Lisa , Müller Birte , Klatt Björn , Kormann Urs 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Agricultural intensification and the subsequent fragmentation of semi-natural habitats severely restrict pollinator and pollen movement threatening both pollinator and plant species. Linear landscape elements such as hedgerows are planted for agricultural and conservation purposes to increase the resource availability and habitat connectivity supporting populations of beneficial organisms such as pollinators. However, hedgerows may have unexpected effects on plant and pollinator persistence by not just channeling pollinators and pollen along, but also restricting movement across the strip of habitat. Here, we tested how hedgerows influence pollinator movement and pollen flow. We used fluorescent dye particles as pollen analogues to track pollinator movement between potted cornflowers Centaurea cyanus along and across a hedgerow separating two meadows. The deposition of fluorescent dye was significantly higher along the hedgerow than across the hedgerow and into the meadow, despite comparable pollinator abundances. The differences in pollen transfer suggest that hedgerows can affect pollinator and pollen dispersal by channeling their movement and acting as a permeable barrier. We conclude that hedgerows in agricultural landscapes can increase the connectivity between otherwise isolated plant and pollinator populations (corridor function), but can have additional, and so far unknown barrier effects on pollination services. Functioning as a barrier, linear landscape elements can impede pollinator movement and dispersal, even for highly mobile species such as bees. These results should be considered in future management plans aiming to enhance the persistence of threatened pollinator and plant populations by restoring functional connectivity and to ensure sufficient crop pollination in the agricultural landscape.
Modelling the Portevin-Le Chatelier effects in aluminium alloys: a review
Authors: Tamimi S. , Andrade-Campos A. , Pinho-da-Cruz J. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPlastic deformation processes are among the most demanding processes in manufacturing because they lead to different microstructure features in the materials produced. Various dislocation patterns can be induced by plastic strain under different conditions. A serrated yielding/jerky flow in some dilute alloys, such as aluminium-magnesium alloys during plastic deformation, is a well-known phenomenon under certain regimes of strain rate and temperature, as reported in a significant number of works. The serrated features in these materials reflect the so-called Portevin-Le Chatelier effects. These undesirable effects are due to the interaction between solute atoms and mobile dislocation during the plastic deformation, which is known as dynamic strain ageing. There are a significant number of theoretical and numerical investigations that have focused on describing the serrated behaviours of these materials during plastic deformation. Hence, the fundamental objective of this paper is to provide a general review of different constitutive modelling in regards this feature. The typical material models and new constitutive models describing this feature are presented. In addition, applications of the models are provided along with their respective advantages and disadvantages.
Convex underestimating relaxation techniques for nonconvex polynomial programming problems: computational overview
Authors: Keller André A. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis paper introduces constructing convex-relaxed programs for nonconvex optimization problems. Branch-and-bound algorithms are convex-relaxation-based techniques. The convex envelopes are important, as they represent the uniformly best convex underestimators for nonconvex polynomials over some region. The reformulation-linearization technique (RLT) generates linear programming (LP) relaxations of a quadratic problem. RLT operates in two steps: a reformulation step and a linearization (or convexification) step. In the reformulation phase, the constraint and bound inequalities are replaced by new numerous pairwise products of the constraints. In the linearization phase, each distinct quadratic term is replaced by a single new RLT variable. This RLT process produces an LP relaxation. The LP-RLT yieds a lower bound on the global minimum. LMI formulations (linear matrix inequalities) have been proposed to treat efficiently with nonconvex sets. An LMI is equivalent to a system of polynomial inequalities. A semialgebraic convex set describes the system. The feasible sets are spectrahedra with curved faces, contrary to the LP case with polyhedra. Successive LMI relaxations of increasing size yield the global optimum. Nonlinear inequalities are converted to an LMI form using Schur complements. Optimizing a nonconvex polynomial is equivalent to the LP over a convex set. Engineering application interests include system analysis, control theory, combinatorial optimization, statistics, and structural design optimization.
Essential oils reduce autonomous response to pain sensation during self-monitoring of blood glucose among children with diabetes
Authors: Małachowska Beata , Fendler Wojciech , Pomykała Agnieszka , Suwała Szymon , Młynarski Wojciech 
Published: August 2015

AbstractEssential oils were proven to possess analgesic activity in adults. Children with diabetes are exposed to highly painful interventions such as self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG).An evaluation of the analgesic properties of two essential oils during SMBG in diabetic children.We included 73 hospitalized children (age<18 years) with well-controlled type 1 diabetes.The study extended over a period of 1 month (2 weeks for control group and 1 week for orange and lavender oil application). The measurements were performed four times per day in a shared room during SMBG. Pain intensity was evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS) and change of baseline heart rate (ΔHR%). An aromatherapy device was used to disperse essential oils in the testing room.We performed 647 individual measurements of pain intensity and ΔHR%. Girls reported higher VAS scores [median, Me 0.5 (interquartile range, IQR 0–1) vs. 0 (IQR 0–0.5), p=0.0036]. Both age and duration of diabetes correlated with ΔHR% [Aromatherapy decreased the autonomic response to a painful stimulus by lowering ΔHR%, but did not affect the perception of pain reported by VAS.
Effect of auditory guided imagery on glucose levels and on glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Gelernter Renana , Lavi Gila , Yanai Livia , Brooks Ronit , Bar Yakira , Bistrizer Zvi , Rachmiel Marianna 
Published: August 2015

AbstractTo assess the effect of auditory guided imagery (AGI) on glucose levels, glycated hemoglobin (HbAA blinded randomized controlled study comparing the effect of AGI accompanied by background music and background music solely (BMS). The study included 13 children, (7–16 years). The participants were connected to continuous glucose monitoring system for 5 days (short phase), and the outcome measure was the change in mean interstitial glucose concentration (IGC). Participants listened to the recording twice a week for 12 weeks (long phase), and the outcome measures were changes in QOL and in HbAMean IGC decreased in both AGI and BMS groups while listening. HbAListening to AGI is a potential approach for improving glycemic control and glucose levels in youth with T1DM, but further research is required.