bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Material legitimacy
Authors: Dumay John , Frost Geoff , Beck Cornelia 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a case study of how two organisations deal with disclosing non-financial information (NI). This is of interest because the reporting of NI by companies to disclose environmental, social and governance issues to their stakeholders and society is continuing to grow.

Design/methodology/approach
To investigate, the authors examine the manner in which two of Australia’s largest companies approach disclosing NI from a legitimacy perspective utilising Suchman’s (1995) “institutional and strategic legitimacy” perspectives to explore the choices made by the companies when disclosing NI.

Findings
The paper presents a model of legitimacy influenced disclosure based on “material legitimacy”, which we define as the form of legitimacy that enables organisations to blend what is important to the organisation (strategic legitimacy) with the primary concerns of its major stakeholders (institutional legitimacy). In this sense, the model outlines how companies try to achieve mutually beneficial “win–win” outcomes for themselves and their stakeholders. However, the difficulty is in judging what issues become “material” and whether they should be disclosed.

Originality/value
The paper is novel because it presents a model of legitimacy-influenced disclosure based on “material legitimacy” and transparency to explain what and how NI is disclosed.
A configuration approach to management control systems design in service organizations
Authors: Auzair Sofiah Md. 
Published: February 2015

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to utilize a configuration approach to examine the relationships between multiple contingent variables and management control systems (MCS) in service organizations from various industries. The contingent variables include service process type, cost leadership and differentiation strategies, environmental unpredictability, change and complexity and organizational life cycle stage.Design/methodology/approachQuestionnaires were administered to the financial controllers of service organizations operating in Australia. Cluster analysis is utilized to reveal the MCSs fit.FindingsThe data reveals that high-performing service organizations are those firms that place high emphasis on a differentiation strategy. The lower performers, on the other hand, are firms with a lack of emphasis on both cost leadership and differentiation strategies. Overall, the data demonstrates that strategic orientation plays an important role in high-performing organizations and the ability to incorporate various contingent situations determines the effectiveness of an organization.Practical implicationsThe potentially broad framework offered in this study allows managers from various service industries to relate the variations in the combination of situations to those of their firms. The service managers’ experience with certain type of combinations can assist them to identify the strategic position of their respective organizations. Consequently, service managers can estimate the prospect for further development to enhance the firm performance.Originality/valueThis study offers a holistic view of the multiple and simultaneous relationships between contingent factors and MCS design in service organizations using a configuration approach. This paper contributes to the literature on organizational configurations in particular by studying the systematic nature of effective MCSs in service organizations when adapting to the contextual settings of the organizations.
Management control and leadership styles in family business
Authors: Efferin Sujoko , Hartono Monika S. 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
This study aims to provide insight into the meaning and perceptions of leadership and its subsequent management control system (MCS) practices in family business in less developed countries. More specifically, the study attempts to understand the cultural context of family business and its importance in developing its leadership and MCS, the production and reproduction processes of the culture into the MCS and the resulting MCS.

Design/methodology/approach
We shared the view that organizational reality is negotiated and constructed by collective participants’ consciousness. The study used interpretive case study. Interviews, observation and documentary analysis were used to collect the data.

Findings
Leadership and MCS of family business is embedded in its societal culture. A leader–owner is not a creator but a mere manager of organizational culture because he/she is also a product of the societal culture. The owner and his/her inner circle (family and non-family members) may collectively play crucial roles in producing and reproducing the legitimate MCS based on the extended family concept. In this sense, cultural control based on shared family norms is the most dominant one and simplifies process and result controls. However, business pragmatism may go hand-in-hand with the culture in giving room for MCS transformations.

Research limitations/implications
The family business under study is still run by the family’s first generation, has no subsidiaries and is embedded in Javanese paternalistic culture. Although rich in details, the sample size of the study is a limitation.

Practical implications
This study encourages the owners of a family business to consider the use of strong cultural control along with bureaucratic controls to create a sustainable organisation.

Originality/value
This study offers insight to help understand and explain how leadership and MCS practices in family business are embedded in broader societal culture in less developed countries.
Argumentation-based schema matching for multiple digital libraries
Authors: Quan Tho Thanh , Luong Xuan H. , Nguyen Thanh  C. , Cheung Hui   Siu 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– Most digital libraries (DL) are now available online. They also provide the Z39.50 standard protocol which allows computer-based systems to effectively retrieve information stored in the DLs. The major difficulty lies in inconsistency between database schemas of multiple DLs. The purpose of this paper is to present a system known as Argumentation-based Digital Library Search (ADLSearch), which facilitates information retrieval across multiple DLs.

Design/methodology/approach
– The proposed approach is based on argumentation theory for schema matching reconciliation from multiple schema matching algorithms. In addition, a distributed architecture is proposed for the ADLSearch system for information retrieval from multiple DLs.

Findings
– Initial performance results are promising. First, schema matching can improve the retrieval performance on DLs, as compared to the baseline technique. Subsequently, argumentation-based retrieval can yield better matching accuracy and retrieval efficiency than individual schema matching algorithms.

Research limitations/implications
– The work discussed in this paper has been implemented as a prototype supporting scholarly retrieval from about 800 DLs over the world. However, due to complexity of argumentation algorithm, the process of adding new DLs to the system cannot be performed in a real-time manner.

Originality/value
– In this paper, an argumentation-based approach is proposed for reconciling the conflicts from multiple schema matching algorithms in the context of information retrieval from multiple DL. Moreover, the proposed approach can also be applied for similar applications which require automatic mapping from multiple database schemas.
Raising the general public’s awareness and adoption of open source software through social Q&A interactions
Authors: Choi Namjoo , Yi Kwan 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the general public’s information needs concerning open source software (OSS) and OSS answerers’ motivations for sharing their knowledge of OSS in social Q&A.Design/methodology/approach– Two studies were carried out. In Study 1, a content analysis classifying OSS-related questions posted during December 2005-December 2012 in Yahoo! Answers was employed to investigate the general public’s information needs regarding OSS. In Study 2, an online survey was conducted with OSS answerers in Yahoo! Answers in order to examine what motivates them to share and continue to share their knowledge of OSS in social Q&A. In total, 1,463 invitations were sent out via Yahoo! Answers’ internal e-mail function to those who provided answers to OSS-related questions during September 2009-September 2012. In total, 150 usable surveys were returned and used for data analysis.Findings– The findings from Study 1 indicate that the general public is most interested in finding out if there is OSS that meets their software need in a certain category (51.4 percent). Other popular question categories include the general description of OSS (15.6 percent), technical issues that they have with OSS (9.8 percent), and the advantages/disadvantages of using OSS (7.0 percent). Results on OSS answerers’ motivations from Study 2 support that all seven motivations identified (i.e. altruism, enjoyment, ideology, learning, reputation, reciprocity, and self-efficacy) are important, with the smallest mean value being 4.42 out of seven (i.e. reciprocity). However, only altruism, ideology, self-efficacy, and enjoyment were found to significantly influence contribution continuance intention.Practical implications– With social Q&A growing in popularity, OSS communities that look for ways to draw in more users from the general public are recommended to increase their presence in social Q&A. The findings with regard to OSS answerers’ motivations can also help OSS community leaders attract and guide more members who are interested in sharing their OSS knowledge in social Q&A.Originality/value– By classifying OSS-related questions that are publicly available in Yahoo! Answers, this study offers a breakdown of the general public’s information needs regarding OSS. In addition, results on OSS answerers’ motivations suggest that in order to sustain their member contributions in social Q&A, OSS community leaders should pay more attention to nurturing the motivations that are intrinsic (i.e. altruism, self-efficacy, enjoyment) and integrated (i.e. ideology).
Understanding employee attitudes to change in longitudinal perspective
Authors: Procter Stephen John , Randall Julian Adrian 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is twofold: to understand how and why employee attitudes to change might change over time; and to demonstrate what type of research might best capture this change.Design/methodology/approach– The paper brings together three studies of the same organization, conducted at different times by the same researchers.Findings– Employee attitudes to change in the three episodes are portrayed in terms of the assumptions that seem to underpin them. The first episode is characterized by a challenge to the basic assumptions employees have about their work; the second, by a fragmentation of assumptions according to sub-group; and the third, by the confirmation of a new set of assumptions about what work involves.Research limitations/implications– The paper concludes that fieldwork of a longitudinal nature is something quite rare, and its incorporation into research design needs to move beyond dealing with it through an uneasy combination of retrospection and extended organizational exposure.Originality/value– The paper provides a rare and valuable account of how employee attitudes to change might change over time. The research design on which it is based, though fortuitous in nature, overcomes a number of the weaknesses of more conventional studies in this area.
Patrick Wilson reference: practice rooted in theory
Authors: Kearns Jodi 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to examine Patrick Wilson’s 1977 essay, Public Knowledge, Private Ignorance, which emphasizes practice rooted in theory. Modern reference work ought to look back to this 35-year-old essay to be reminded of the intent of reference practice by considering Wilson’s discussion.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper examines Wilson’s decades-old thesis and applies it to reference work and reference resources for today’s information professionals.

Findings
– The crux of Wilson’s essay remains relevant today when applied to reference work and information-seeking.

Originality/value
– This essay leaves readers with practical tips for reference work rooted in theory, and also expands on Wilson’s 1977 essay from a contemporary viewpoint, providing guidance for modern reference librarianship.
Innovation strategies and performance: are they truly linked?
Authors: Hilman Haim , Kaliappen Narentheren 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to test the linkage between innovation strategies (process innovation and service innovation) and organizational performance in the context of Malaysia hotel industry.Design/methodology/approach– A total of 475 sets of questionnaires administrated through mail to all three star and above rating hotel managers in Malaysia, and only 24 percent of it, which is 114 were usable. Regression was utilized to test the link of innovation strategies and performance.Findings– The results showed that hotels in Malaysia used process innovation and service innovation as their functional-level strategy. Specifically, both process innovation and service innovation strategies positively linked with performance. But, the paired samplet-test result indicated that process innovation has slightly greater effect on performance than service innovation. In addition, this study found that hotel size significantly affected the performance.Research limitations/implications– This study is one of the limited number of studies which has empirically addressed the effect of innovation strategies on performance in hotel industry. Additional researches are needed to address effect of potential mediators or even moderators in innovation strategies and performance linkage.Practical implications– This study found that implementation of process innovation and service innovation as their functional strategy could assist to attain better performance in Malaysia hotel industry. Entirely the findings provided new insight to the hotel management in understanding the role of innovation strategies in generating enhanced performance.Originality/value– Process innovation and service innovation in the service industry have received very limited empirical attention in current innovation literature. This study extended the body of knowledge in innovation literature, particularly in hospitality sector in Malaysia.
Sustainability marketing: US hotels vs. international hotel chains
Authors: Brackett Lana , Carr II B. Nathaniel 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to determine whether US-only hotels and US-based international hotel chains similarly promote sustainability marketing.

Design/methodology/approach
– A qualitative exploratory research study reviewing the web site marketing of the US-only hotels and US-based international hotel chains.

Findings
– The research indicates that there are differences in the sustainability marketing of US-only and US-based international hotel chains.

Originality/value
– This is a unique research study. The hotel industry has a diverse body of stateholders due to its large market and impact on sustainability.
Green supply chain management
Authors: Jaggernath Runala , Khan Zaffar 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– Misconception of issues surrounding green supply chain management (GSCM), as well as a paucity of relevant information on the tangible benefits of GSCM practices in organizations was justification for this literature review. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study has been conducted by analyzing and critiquing secondary data obtained from numerous sources of similar subject. The research topic has been examined in detail.

Findings
– The outcomes provide an overview of what GSCM practices entail, strategies successful companies have used to incorporate GSCM practices within their organizations and its impact on the industry.

Research limitations/implications
– The research conducted in this study is limited to one country, i.e. Canada, and as such further research should be carried out by incorporating a larger array of participants so as to obtain a more generalized conclusion.

Practical implications
– The study contributes to an understanding of the importance of GSCM practices on not only the economic success of a business, but the positive effects on the environment. The results will help in the reduction in emissions of carbon dioxide and other green house gases, thus impacting on climate change.

Originality/value
– Despite increasing awareness, the implementation of GSCM techniques continue to be deterred by lack of government initiatives and commitment of companies involved in the supply chain. Unless it is given precedence, the benefits of GSCM will continue to elude us. This study provides an opportunity to study a model which has met with critical success, rejuvenate it and consequently mandate its adoption in efforts to attain sustainability.
Disentangling plant and soil microbial controls on carbon and nitrogen loss in grassland mesocosms
Authors: De Vries Franciska T. , Bracht Jørgensen Helene , Hedlund Katarina , Bardgett Richard D. 
Published: February 2015

Summary

It is well known that plant–soil interactions play an important role in determining the impact of global change phenomena on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Little is known, however, about the individual and relative importance for carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling of non‐random changes in plant and soil communities that result from global change phenomena, such as fertilization and agricultural intensification.

We set up a field‐based mesocosm experiment in which we re‐inoculated soil with contrasting microbial communities taken from extensively managed and from intensively managed grasslands. In a full‐factorial design, we subsequently established plant communities representative of intensively and extensively managed grasslands and imposed a fertilization treatment. We then measured plant biomass and diversity, and leaching of C and N as key measures of C and N loss.

We hypothesized that non‐random changes in both microbial and plant communities would impact C and N leaching, but via different mechanisms. We predicted that plant communities representative of extensively managed grassland would reduce C and N leaching directly through increased water or N uptake, or indirectly via promoting microbial communities that immobilize C and N, whereas plant communities of intensively managed grassland would have the opposite effect. We also hypothesized that microbial communities of extensively managed grassland would feed back positively to plant diversity and that ‘matching’ plant and microbial communities would reduce C and N leaching.

We found that both plant and microbial communities from extensively managed grassland reduced C and N leaching, especially when ‘matched’. Plant community effects on C and N leaching operated directly through root C inputs and N uptake, rather than through changes in soil microbial communities. In contrast, microbial communities modified C and N leaching both directly by immobilization and indirectly through modifying plant community composition.

Synthesis. Our results show that changes in plant and microbial communities both individually and interactively modify C and N loss from grasslands. Moreover, our results suggest that soil microbial communities typical of extensively managed grassland might counteract, or delay, the negative consequences of fertilization on plant diversity and ecosystem functioning.
Stigma, sex work, and substance use: a comparative analysis
Authors: Benoit Cecilia , McCarthy Bill , Jansson Mikael 
Published: February 2015

AbstractStigma is a widely used concept in social science research and an extensive literature claims that stigmatisation contributes to numerous negative health outcomes. However, few studies compare groups that vary in the extent to which they are stigmatised and even fewer studies examine stigma's independent and mediating effects. This article addresses these gaps in a comparative study of perceived stigma and drug use among three low‐income feminised service occupations: sex work, food and alcoholic beverage serving, and barbering and hairstyling. An analysis of longitudinal data shows positive associations between sex work, perceived stigma, and socially less acceptable drug use (for example, heroin and cocaine), and that stigma mediates part of the link between sex work and the use of these drugs. Our overall findings suggest that perceived stigma is pronounced among those who work in the sex industry and negatively affects health independently of sex work involvement.
Taking care of themselves: how long‐term injection drug users remain HIV and Hepatitis C free
Authors: Meylakhs Peter , Friedman Samuel R. , Mateu‐Gelabert Pedro , Sandoval Milagros , Meylakhs Nastia 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThough prevalence of HIV and especially Hepatitis C is high among people who inject drugs (PWID) in New York, about a third of those who have injected for 8–15 years have avoided infection by either virus despite their long‐term drug use. Based on life history interviews with 35 long‐term PWID in New York, this article seeks to show how successful integration and performance of various drug using and non‐drug using roles may have contributed to some of these PWID's staying uninfected with either virus. We argue that analysis of non‐risk related aspects of the lives of the risk‐takers (PWID) is very important in understanding their risk‐taking behaviour and its outcomes (infection statuses). Drawing on work‐related, social and institutional resources, our double‐negative informants underwent both periods of stability and turmoil without getting infected.
Explanations and expectations: drug narratives among young cannabis users in treatment
Authors: Järvinen Margaretha , Ravn Signe 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis article analyses how young people enrolled in drug addiction treatment in Copenhagen, Denmark, explain their cannabis careers and how they view their possibilities for quitting drug use again. Inspired by Mead and narrative studies of health and illness, the article identifies four different drug use ‘aetiologies’ drawn upon by the interviewees. These cover childhood experiences, self‐medication, the influence of friends and cannabis use as a specific lifestyle. A central argument of the article is that these explanations not only concern the past but also point towards the future by assigning the interviewee a more or less agential position in relation to drugs. Further, the drug narratives are viewed as interactional achievements, related to the social context in which they were produced, namely, the institutional setting of the treatment centres. The article is based on 30 qualitative interviews with young people in drug addiction treatment.