bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jagged–Delta asymmetry in Notch signaling can give rise to a Sender/Receiver hybrid phenotype
Authors: Boareto Marcelo , Jolly Mohit Kumar , Lu Mingyang , Onuchic José N. , Clementi Cecilia , Ben-Jacob Eshel 
Published: January 2015

SignificanceNotch signaling pathway plays crucial roles in cell-fate determination during embryonic development and cancer progression. According to the current paradigm, the Notch–Delta signaling leads to complementary cell-fate selection between two neighboring cells where one acts as Sender or Receiver. However, this picture is not complete because an additional ligand, Jagged, is involved in the Notch signaling. We devise a specific theoretical framework to decipher the functional role of Jagged. We find that the asymmetry between the modulations of Delta and Jagged leads to the existence of the previously unexplored possibility of a Sender–Receiver phenotype enabling two interacting cells to share a similar fate. This realization can provide important clues regarding embryonic development, wound healing, and how to target tumor–stroma signaling.
Belief about nicotine selectively modulates value and reward prediction error signals in smokers
Authors: Gu Xiaosi , Lohrenz Terry , Salas Ramiro , Baldwin Philip R. , Soltani Alireza , Kirk Ulrich , Cinciripini Paul M. , Montague P. Read 
Published: January 2015

SignificanceNicotine is the primary addictive substance in tobacco, which stimulates neural pathways mediating reward processing. However, pure biochemical explanations are not sufficient to account for the difficulty in quitting and remaining smoke-free among smokers, and in fact cognitive factors are now considered to contribute critically to addiction. Using model-based functional neuroimaging, we show that smokers’ prior beliefs about nicotine specifically impact learning signals defined by principled computational models of mesolimbic dopamine systems. We further demonstrate that these specific changes in neural signaling are accompanied by measurable changes in smokers’ choice behavior. Our findings suggest that subjective beliefs can override the physical presence of a powerful drug like nicotine by modulating learning signals processed in the brain’s reward system.
Mitochondrial alarmins released by degenerating motor axon terminals activate perisynaptic Schwann cells
Authors: Duregotti Elisa , Negro Samuele , Scorzeto Michele , Zornetta Irene , Dickinson Bryan C. , Chang Christopher J. , Montecucco Cesare , Rigoni Michela 
Published: January 2015

Significance
The neuromuscular junction is the site of transmission of the nerve impulse to the muscle. This finely tuned synapse relies on at least three components: the motor neuron, the muscle fiber, and the Schwann cells, which assist nerve recovery after injury. Using animal neurotoxins to induce an acute and reversible nerve degeneration, we have identified several mitochondrial molecules through which the damaged nerve terminal communicates with nearby cells, activating signaling pathways in Schwann cells involved in nerve regeneration. Among these messengers, hydrogen peroxide appears to be crucial at the initial stages of regeneration, because its inactivation delays the functional recovery of the damaged neuromuscular junction in vivo. These findings provide important indications about the pharmacological treatment of traumatized patients.
Ventral striatal dopamine reflects behavioral and neural signatures of model-based control during sequential decision making
Authors: Deserno Lorenz , Huys Quentin J. M. , Boehme Rebecca , Buchert Ralph , Heinze Hans-Jochen , Grace Anthony A. , Dolan Raymond J. , Heinz Andreas , Schlagenhauf Florian 
Published: January 2015

Significance
Whether humans make choices based on a deliberative “model-based” or a reflexive “model-free” system of behavioral control remains an ongoing topic of research. Dopamine is implicated in motivational drive as well as in planning future actions. Here, we demonstrate that higher presynaptic dopamine in human ventral striatum is associated with more pronounced model-based behavioral control, as well as an enhanced coding of model-based signatures in lateral prefrontal cortex and diminished coding of model-free learning signals in ventral striatum. Our study links ventral striatal presynaptic dopamine to a balance between two distinct modes of behavioral control in humans. The findings have implications for neuropsychiatric diseases associated with alterations of dopamine neurotransmission and a disrupted balance of behavioral control.
Rapid deposition of oxidized biogenic compounds to a temperate forest
Authors: Nguyen Tran B. , Crounse John D. , Teng Alex P. , St. Clair Jason M. , Paulot Fabien , Wolfe Glenn M. , Wennberg Paul O. 
Published: January 2015

Significance
Dry deposition is an important removal mechanism for oxidized atmospheric compounds. This process remains, however, poorly understood due to the scarcity of direct flux observations for all but small, inorganic molecules in the atmosphere. The chemically speciated fluxes presented here comprise a unique and novel dataset that quantifies the dry deposition velocities for a variety of trace gases in a typical forested ecosystem. The data illustrate the key role of molecular diffusion in the atmosphere−biosphere exchange of water-soluble species. Furthermore, this work enabled evaluation of the dry deposition parameterization in a global chemical transport model. The results aid in resolving key discrepancies within the global model, resulting in more-accurate predictions of trace gas lifetimes and surface concentrations.
Persistence of deeply sourced iron in the Pacific Ocean
Authors: Horner Tristan J. , Williams Helen M. , Hein James R. , Saito Mak A. , Burton Kevin W. , Halliday Alex N. , Nielsen Sune G. 
Published: January 2015

Significance
The vertical supply of dissolved Fe (iron) is insufficient compared with the physiological needs of marine phytoplankton in vast swathes of the open ocean. However, the relative importance of the main sources of “new” Fe to the ocean—continental mineral dust, hydrothermal exhalations, and sediment dissolution—and their temporal evolution are poorly constrained. By analyzing the isotopic composition of Fe in marine sediments, we find that much of the dissolved Fe in the central Pacific Ocean originated from hydrothermal and sedimentary sources thousands of meters below the sea surface. As such, these data underscore the vital role of the oceans’ physical mixing in determining if any deeply sourced Fe ever reaches the Fe-starved surface-dwelling biota.
Quantum dot/antibody conjugates for in vivo cytometric imaging in mice
Authors: Han Hee-Sun , Niemeyer Elisabeth , Huang Yuhui , Kamoun Walid S. , Martin John D. , Bhaumik Jayeeta , Chen Yunching , Roberge Sylvie , Cui Jian , Martin Margaret R. , Fukumura Dai , Jain Rakesh K. , Bawendi Moungi G. , Duda Dan G. 
Published: January 2015

Significance
One of the key questions in biology is understanding how cells move, interact, and evolve in living organisms. Tremendous efforts have been made to answer these questions in vitro, which have yielded a molecular-level understanding of cellular events. However, an increasing number of studies indicate that cellular activities need to be understood in the context of their natural environments. Single-cell labeling methods in use currently involve immunohistochemistry, genetic manipulation, or irradiation of mice, none of which reflect the native microenvironments. Here, we report quantum dot immunoconstructs that can be used for intravital imaging of single cells in unmanipulated mice and multiplexed in vivo cytometric analysis of rare cell populations.
Intracellular and extracellular forces drive primary cilia movement
Authors: Battle Christopher , Ott Carolyn M. , Burnette Dylan T. , Lippincott-Schwartz Jennifer , Schmidt Christoph F. 
Published: January 2015

Significance
A single primary cilium extends from the surface of many mammalian cells—often into an aqueous lumen, such as a kidney duct. In kidney epithelial cells, primary cilia are believed to sense fluid flow. This mechanosensory function is critical for proper organ function. Fluid flow is assumed to deflect cilia, leading to activation of transmembrane ion channels. This study defines the mechanical contributions of both bending and pivoting at the base to ciliary deflection. In addition, we report that active intracellular forces drive ciliary pivoting. This cell-directed cilia movement may be important for tuning ciliary mechanosensitivity.
PSB27: A thylakoid protein enabling
Arabidopsis
to adapt to changing light intensity
Authors: Hou Xin , Fu Aigen , Garcia Veder J. , Buchanan Bob B. , Luan Sheng 
Published: January 2015

Significance
Our results provide evidence that PSB27, a soluble protein of the chloroplast thylakoid lumen, is essential for enabling plants to adapt to changes in light intensity. Adaptation takes place independently of photosystem II supercomplexes and, based on work of others, of state transitions for the redistribution of light harvesting proteins. This finding opens the door to pursue the question of how photosynthesis adjusts to fluctuating sunlight and enables plants to grow under ever-changing environmental conditions.
Kinetics of sickle cell biorheology and implications for painful vasoocclusive crisis
Authors: Du E , Diez-Silva Monica , Kato Gregory J. , Dao Ming , Suresh Subra 
Published: January 2015

Significance
A major challenge with in vitro investigations of the pathophysiological processes in sickle cell disease (SCD) has been the lack of a well-controlled microenvironment to mimic in vivo circulating conditions. The microfluidic platform developed here provides a quantitative assay of the kinetics of cell sickling, unsickling, and single-cell rheology. The ensuing alterations in the biorheological characteristics of sickle cells under hypoxic conditions show strong correlation with sickle hemoglobin level, hydroxyurea (HU) therapy, and cell density. These analyses provide cell-level perspectives of the clinical manifestations in SCD patients and offer unique diagnostic indicators of vasoocclusion and disease severity. These results could also provide alternative pathways to supplement current clinical practices to evaluate HU therapy.
Spata6is required for normal assembly of the sperm connecting piece and tight head–tail conjunction
Authors: Yuan Shuiqiao , Stratton Clifford J. , Bao Jianqiang , Zheng Huili , Bhetwal Bhupal P. , Yanagimachi Ryuzo , Yan Wei 
Published: January 2015

SignificanceMale infertility due to acephalic spermatozoa has been reported in both animals and humans, but its cause remains largely unknown. Here we report that inactivation ofSpata6, an evolutionarily conserved gene, in mice leads to failure in development of the connecting piece during late spermiogenesis, along with production of headless spermatozoa in the epididymis and ejaculates. The defects may be ascribed to the disrupted myosin-based microfilament transport mediated by SPATA6 through its interactions with myosin light-chain and heavy-chain subunits. This study not only unveils the process of sperm neck formation at both the ultrastructural and molecular levels, but also provides a genetic basis for the production of acephalic spermatozoa in both humans and animals.
Acute protease supplementation effects on muscle damage and recovery across consecutive days of cycle racing
Authors: Shing Cecilia M. , Chong Suzzen , Driller Matthew W. , Fell James W. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBromelain, a mixture of proteases obtained from pineapples, has been demonstrated to reduce exercise‐induced muscle damage and inflammation, enhancing recovery. This investigation aimed to establish if markers of muscle damage and testosterone were influenced by acute bromelain supplementation in competitive cyclists taking part in a six‐day cycle stage race. Fifteen highly trained cyclists [age: 22, = 1.2 years, height: 1.79, = 0.01 m, body mass: 68.69, = 1.97 kg] were supplemented with either bromelain (1000 mg·day−1) (n = 8) or a placebo (n = 7) across six days of competitive racing in a randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial. Blood was collected from each cyclist on days one, three and six of racing and analysed for creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and testosterone. CK activity (P < 0.001, d = 17.4–18.8), LDH activity (P < 0.004, d = 0.5–2.5) and myoglobin concentration (P < 0.007, d = 3.4–4.8) were elevated from pre‐race on days three and six of racing in both groups. Testosterone concentrations were significantly lower on the final day of racing (P = 0.03, d = 1.3) and there was a trend for bromelain to maintain testosterone concentrations across the race period (P = 0.05, d = 1.04–1.70) when compared to placebo. Fatigue rating was lower in the bromelain group on day four of racing (P = 0.01). Consecutive days of competitive cycling were associated with increased markers of muscle damage and a reduction in circulating testosterone across the race period. Bromelain supplementation reduced subjective feelings of fatigue and was associated with a trend to maintain testosterone concentration.
Mechanical properties of nickel-graphene composites synthesized by electrochemical deposition
Authors: Ren Zhaodi , Meng Nan , Shehzad Khurram , Xu Yang , Qu Shaoxing , Yu Bin , Luo J K 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Graphene (Gr) nanosheets with multilayer structures were dispersed in a nickel (Ni) plating solution by using a surfactant with a magnetic stirring method. Gr nanosheets were incorporated into a Ni matrix through a plating process to form Ni-Gr composites on a target substrate. Gr nanosheets were uniformly dispersed in the Ni matrix, and the oxygen radicals present in the Gr were reduced during the electro-deposition process. The incorporation of Gr in the Ni matrix increases both the inter-planar spacing and the degree of preferred orientation of crystalline Ni. With the addition of Gr content as low as 0.05 g L−1, the elastic modulus and hardness of the Ni-Gr composites reach 240 GPa and 4.6 GPa, respectively, which are about 1.7 and 1.2 times that of the pure Ni deposited under the same condition. The enhancement in mechanical properties of the composites is attributed to the preferred formation of the Ni crystalline phases in its (111) plane, the high interaction between Ni and Gr and the prevention of the dislocation sliding in the Ni matrix by the Gr. The results suggest that the method of using Gr directly instead of graphene oxide (GO) is efficient and scalable.
ARGONAUTE2 cooperates with SWI/SNF complex to determine nucleosome occupancy at human Transcription Start Sites
Authors: Carissimi Claudia , Laudadio Ilaria , Cipolletta Emanuela , Gioiosa Silvia , Mihailovich Marija , Bonaldi Tiziana , Macino Giuseppe , Fulci Valerio 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Argonaute (AGO) proteins have a well-established role in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression as key component of the RNA silencing pathways. Recent evidence involves AGO proteins in mammalian nuclear processes such as transcription and splicing, though the mechanistic aspects of AGO nuclear functions remain largely elusive. Here, by SILAC-based interaction proteomics, we identify the chromatin-remodelling complex SWI/SNF as a novel AGO2 interactor in human cells. Moreover, we show that nuclear AGO2 is loaded with a novel class of Dicer-dependent short RNAs (sRNAs), that we called swiRNAs, which map nearby the Transcription Start Sites (TSSs) bound by SWI/SNF. The knock-down of AGO2 decreases nucleosome occupancy at the first nucleosome located downstream of TSSs in a swiRNA-dependent manner. Our findings indicate that in human cells AGO2 binds SWI/SNF and a novel class of sRNAs to establish nucleosome occupancy on target TSSs.
Bacterial global regulators DksA/ppGpp increase fidelity of transcription
Authors: Roghanian Mohammad , Zenkin Nikolay , Yuzenkova Yulia 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Collisions between paused transcription elongation complexes and replication forks inevitably happen, which may lead to collapse of replication fork and could be detrimental to cells. Bacterial transcription factor DksA and its cofactor alarmone ppGpp were proposed to contribute to prevention of such collisions, although the mechanism of this activity remains elusive. Here we show that DksA/ppGpp do not destabilise transcription elongation complexes or inhibit their backtracking, as was proposed earlier. Instead, we show, both in vitro and in vivo, that DksA/ppGpp increase fidelity of transcription elongation by slowing down misincorporation events. As misincorporation events cause temporary pauses, contribution to fidelity suggests the mechanism by which DksA/ppGpp contribute to prevention of collisions of transcription elongation complexes with replication forks. DksA is only the second known accessory factor, after transcription factor Gre, that increases fidelity of RNA synthesis in bacteria.
Intramammary coinfection by vaccinia virus and staphylococcus aureus in a bovine vaccinia outbreak
Authors: Antunes João Marcelo Azevedo De Paula , Ribeiro Márcio Garcia , Megid Jane 
Published: January 2015

Introduction:
Bovine vaccinia virus (VACV) is a well‐known zoonotic agent related to exanthemous lesions in skin and mucous membranes of dairy cattle and humans, characterized by the formation of vesicles, pustules and ulcers. Mastitis is one of the most common infectious diseases of dairy herds. Bovine mammary infections are caused mainly by bacterial micro‐organisms, especially staphylococci. To the best of our knowledge, intramammary coinfection with VACV and Staphylococcus aureus in cows has not been reported previously.

Case presentation:
During an outbreak of exanthematic bovine VACV infection with animals showing vesicles, pustules and haemorrhagic ulcers on the teats, milk samples were collected for mastitis detection.

Conclusion:
The present report describes a case of intramammary coinfection by VACV and S. aureus in a bovine VACV outbreak.
The genetics of resistance toMorindafruit toxin during the postembryonic stages inDrosophila sechellia
Authors: Huang Yan , Erezyilmaz Deniz 
Published: January 2015

AbstractMany phytophagous insect species are ecologic specialists that have adapted to utilize a single host plant.Drosophila sechelliais a specialist that utilizes the ripe fruit ofMorinda citrifolia, which is toxic to its sibling species,D. simulans. Here we apply multiplexed shotgun genotyping and QTL analysis to examine the genetic basis of resistance toM. citrifoliafruit toxin in interspecific hybrids. We find that at least four dominant and four recessive loci interact additively to confer resistance to theM. citrifoliafruit toxin. These QTL include a dominant locus of large effect on the third chromosome (QTL-IIIsima) that was not detected in previous analyses. The small-effect loci that we identify overlap with regions that were identified in selection experiments withD. simulanson octanoic acid and in QTL analyses of adult resistance to octanoic acid. Our high-resolution analysis sheds new light upon the complexity ofM. citrifoliaresistance, and suggests that partial resistance to lower levels ofM. citrifoliatoxin could be passed through introgression from D. sechellia toD. simulansin nature. The identification of a locus of major effect, QTL-IIIsima, is an important step towards identifying the molecular basis of host plant specialization byD. sechellia.
The effects of adjacent competitors and promotion on brand sales
Authors: Keel Astrid Lei , Padgett Daniel 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to examine the potential for adjacent brands to influence sales of a focal brand. Specifically, this paper examines whether the type of adjacent brand (market leader or non-market leader competitor) and its promotion (featuring or discounting) have an effect on sales of a focal product.

Design/methodology/approach
– Store-level scanner data supplemented with in-store audits are used.

Findings
– It is demonstrated that adjacent brands and their specific marketing activities influence focal brand sales in specific ways, and that market leaders have a disproportionate and different effect than other competitors on the sales of adjacent brands.

Originality/value
– Recent marketing research has suggested that brand activities such as featuring and discounting and in-store environmental stimuli such as shelf allocation and displays can have an important effect on category and individual brand sales. Prior work in this area, however, has not explicitly considered the potential influence of relative shelf positions (i.e. adjacencies) on brand and category sales.
The impact of choice on co-produced customer value creation and satisfaction
Authors: Flores Jason , Vasquez-Parraga Arturo Z. 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– This study’s aim is to investigate whether offering a co-production opportunity as a choice or as the only means of service rendering influences customer value creation and satisfaction. This research incorporates two empirically supported sources of co-created value, relational and economic, and it investigates a new dimension of co-created value, individual value. The study focus supports the need for more empirically based guidance for the management and design of co-creation processes.

Design/methodology/approach
– A 2 × 2 between-subjects experimental design was utilized to test the choice/no-choice condition. Data were collected through a survey of 214 respondents who were selected on the basis of their familiarity with the context of the experimental scenarios.

Findings
– The results show that co-production as an option for service rendering has a stronger positive impact on value creation than does the context when co-production is necessary. Choice was found to positively influence relational and economic value. Value creation was found to mediate the choice and satisfaction relationship. Individual value had the strongest relative impact on satisfaction but was not significantly related to choice.

Practical implications
– Designers and managers of co-production-enabling processes can enhance customer and organizational outcomes simply by offering customers a choice when considering whether or not to engage in co-production.

Originality/value
– This originality of this study lies in the supporting evidence found for the influence of choice on value creation and the empirical corroboration for individual value creation as a source of co-created value. The on-line context of this study in this context is also novel.