bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspectives of emergency department staff on the triage of mental health‐related presentations: Implications for education, policy and practice
Authors: Gerdtz Marie F , Weiland Tracey J , Jelinek George A , Mackinlay Claire , Hill Nicole 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo explore ED staff perceptions of the factors that influence accuracy of triage for people with mental health problems.MethodsThis qualitative learning needs analysis used a descriptive exploratory design. Participants were Australian emergency nurses and doctors. We used a criterion‐based sampling approach. Recruitment was facilitated by the College of Emergency Nursing Australasia and the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine. A semi‐structured interview schedule was developed. Telephone interviews were conducted, audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was used to identify factors perceived to affect triage outcomes and to explore strategies to optimise the accuracy of triage assessments.ResultsThirty‐six staff participated (16 nurses and 20 doctors). Four major factors were perceived to influence accuracy. These were: environmental factors (physical structure, time pressures, activity levels, and interruptions), policy and education (guidelines, training and resources), staff factors (knowledge, experience, attitudes) and patient factors (police presence, patient behaviour, clinical condition). Differences of opinion were expressed by emergency doctors about the validity of the time to treatment objectives included in the Australasian Triage Scale for mental health presentations, and the utility of the scale to differentiate urgency for psychiatric conditions.ConclusionClinical guidelines and training have been developed to support the use of the Australasian Triage Scale. Further evaluation of the application of this scale to assess mental health problems is indicated. Additional work is also required to reduce variance in urgency assignment based on staff knowledge and attitudes about the causes, assessment and early management of psychiatric disorders.
Some Reflections on the ‘Teaching Attitude’ and Its Application to Teaching About the Use of the Transference: A British View
Authors: Lemma Alessandra 
Published: August 2012

abstractIn this paper the author argues that psychoanalytic education is enhanced when (a) it attends seriously to the affective, relational and social processes that frame the experience of teaching and of learning, fostering a critical engagement with both, and (b) it engages candidates in exploring what they do (technique) in the context of the articulation of their model of working (theory). The features of the ‘teaching attitude’ that are relevant to psychoanalytic education are illustrated though a ‘teaching case study’ detailing the rationale, process and content for a curriculum on the concept of transference.
Conventional DMARD therapy (methotrexate‐sulphasalazine) may decrease the requirement of biologics in routine practice of ankylosing spondylitis patients: A real‐life experience
Authors: Can Meryem , Aydın Sibel Z. , Niğdelioğlu Adil , Atagündüz Pamir , Direskeneli Haner 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAimThe effect of disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is still controversial. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of sulphasalazine (SSZ) mono‐ or combination therapy with methotrexate (MTX) in AS patients naive to anti‐tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) agents.MethodsPatients with AS (n = 87, male : female, 46 : 41) treated with SSZ (n = 61) or SSZ + MTX (n = 26) combination and a documented 6‐month follow‐up were evaluated retrospectively. Disease activity was assessed by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), C‐reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Requirement for anti‐TNFα therapy was assessed after 6 months.ResultsMean (SD) age was 43.0 (11.0) versus 40.2 (11.1) and disease duration was 11.0 (8.6) versus 8.2 (5.2) years, in the SSZ and SSZ + MTX groups, respectively. Initially, 59% (34/61) of the patients in SSZ monotherapy and 68% (17/26) in the combination arm had BASDAI > 4. At the end of the study, BASDAI scores decreased similarly in both groups (mono: 1.4 [–7–6] versus combination: 0.7 [–3–6] P = 0.2). BASDAI was > 4 in 32.8% (20/61) of patients in the SSZ monotherapy and in 44% (11/26) in the combination arm. Only 4 (6.6%) patients in the SSZ group and 2 (7.7%) in the ombination arm were switched to anti‐TNFα therapies.DiscussionA significant subset of our AS patients responded to SSZ mono or SSZ + MTX combination therapies at 6 months follow‐up. Using BASDAI, the requirement for biological therapies decreased by 21–24%. In AS patients, including those with axial involvement only, DMARD therapy may be a reasonable first alternative to anti‐TNFα therapy and may delay the switch to biologic agents.
Performance of hands and feet radiographs in differentiation of psoriatic arthritis from rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Ichikawa Naomi , Taniguchi Atsuo , Kobayashi Satomi , Yamanaka Hisashi 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to determine useful radiographic findings for differentiating psoriatic arthritis (PsA) from rheumatoid factor (RF)‐positive or ‐negative rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Japanese patients.MethodsWe accrued 85 patients with PsA. Controls included 135 patients with RA (85 RF‐positive, 50 RF‐negative) matched for gender and disease duration with PsA patients. Radiographs of hands and feet were obtained, and distal interphalangeal (DIP) erosive disease, joint osteolysis, tuft osteolysis, juxta‐articular bony proliferation (JBP), periosteal new bone formation and bony ankylosis, which were identified using the definitions developed by an earlier study, were compared between the PsA and RA groups.ResultsFor radiographic features of hands, the frequencies of JBP, periosteal new bone, and diffuse soft tissue swelling of the fingers were significantly higher in PsA patients than in RF‐positive RA patients. However, only the frequency of JBP significantly differed between PsA and RF‐negative RA patients. In feet, the frequencies of DIP erosive disease, tuft osteolysis, JBP, and diffuse soft tissue swelling of the toes were significantly higher in PsA patients than in RF‐positive RA patients. However, only the frequency of JBP significantly differed between PsA and RF‐negative RA patients.ConclusionJBP was the most important radiographic feature for discriminating PsA from both RF‐positive and ‐negative RA, confirming the study by the CASPAR group that showed that JBP is the only radiologic feature that can discriminate PsA from other inflammatory arthritides. This study showed the utility of plain radiographs for diagnosis of PsA.
The inositol monophosphatase All2917 (IMPA1) is involved in osmotic adaptation in Anabaena sp. PCC7120
Authors: Wang Fang‐Kui , Latifi Amel , Chen Wen‐Li , Zhang Cheng‐Cai 
Published: August 2012

SummaryInositol monophosphatase (IMPase; EC 3.1.3.25) acts at the last step in the inositol biosynthesis pathway by hydrolysing inositol‐1‐phosphate into inositol. In this study, an IMPase encoding gene, all2917 from Anabaena sp. PCC7120, was characterized. We found that All2917 exhibits a specific activity on inositol‐1‐phosphate, in a typical Mg2+‐dependent, Li+‐sensitive manner. The deletion of all2917 in Anabaena made the cells more sensitive to osmotic stress caused by sucrose or sorbitol, while its overexpression led to an increased resistance to such stress. Consistent with these phenotypes, the transcription of all2917 was significantly upregulated upon the sucrose‐mediated osmotic stress. Phylogenic analysis using 134 IMPase homologues from 36 cyanobacterial strains shows that members of IMPase family form three major distinct clades, suggesting that multiple copies of IMPase family proteins have been maintained in Cyanobacteria during a long history of evolution, and they may play important roles in cyanobacterial physiology.
The genome and transcriptome of a newly described psychrophilic archaeon, Methanolobus psychrophilusR15, reveal its cold adaptive characteristics
Authors: Chen Zijuan , Yu Haiying , Li Lingyan , Hu Songnian , Dong Xiuzhu 
Published: August 2012

SummaryWe analysed the cold‐responsive gene repertoire for a psychrophilic methanogen, Methanolobus psychrophilus R15 through genomic and RNA‐seq assayed transcriptomic comparisons for cultures at 18°C (optimal temperature) versus 4°C. The differences found by RNA‐seq analysis were verified using quantitative real time‐PCR assay. The results showed that as in the Antarctic methanogen, Methanococcoides burtonii, genes for methanogenesis, biosynthesis and protein synthesis were all downregulated by the cold in R15. However, the RNA polymerase complex was upregulated at cold, as well as a gene cluster for a putative exosome complex, suggesting that exosome‐mediated RNA decay may be cold‐accelerated. Unexpectedly, the chaperonin genes for both thermosome and GroES/EL were all upregulated at 4°C. Strain R15 possessed eight protein families for oxygen detoxification, including both anaerobe‐specific superoxide reductase (SOR) and the aerobe‐typical superoxide dismutase (SOD)‐catalase oxidant‐removing system, implying the higher oxidative tolerance. Compared with a mesophilic methanogen, R15 survived in higher paraquat, a redox‐cycling drug. Moreover, 71 one‐component systems and 50 two‐component systems for signal transduction ranked strain R15, together with M. burtonii, as being highly adaptive among archaea. Most of them exhibited cold‐enhanced expression, indicating their involvement in cold adaptation. This study has added new perspectives on the cold adaptation of methanogenic archaea.
Case of mediastinal epithelioid hemangioendothelioma associated with hypertrophic osteoarthropathy and literature review
Authors: Pundole Xerxes , Lu Huifang 
Published: August 2012

AbstractHypertrophic osteoarthropathy is commonly associated with malignancies of the lungs and stomach. A few cases associated with epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, a rare vascular soft tissue neoplasm, have been reported. Presented here is the first report of a case of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy as the initial symptom of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the mediastinum. A 64‐year‐old woman presented with pain around the long bones and diffuse puffiness of bilateral hands and feet. She had a history of multiple malignancies, all of which were in remission. She had clubbing of her fingernails and toenails. Her chest X‐ray was negative. A positron emission tomography (PET) scan performed showed metabolically active soft tissue that extensively infiltrated the mediastinum, with several sites of disease involving the pericardium. Mediastinal biopsy and subsequent pleural fluid cytology obtained by thoracocentesis was consistent with metastatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Our case supports that the PET scan has a valuable role in localizing malignancies in such patients who present with hypertrophic osteoarthropathy and no lung or stomach involvement.
Germ cell‐specific disruption of the Meig1 gene causes impaired spermiogenesis in mice
Authors: Teves M. E. , Jha K. N. , Song J. , Nagarkatti‐Gude D. R. , Herr J. C. , Foster J. A. , Strauss J. F. , Zhang Z. 
Published: August 2012

SummaryMeiosis expressed gene 1 (Meig1) was originally identified in a search for mammalian genes potentially involved in meiosis. Seven mouse Meig1 transcripts with the same coding region, but different 5′‐UTRs, have been identified. These transcripts have different tissue distributions, two are only present in the testis. In the testis, Meig1 is present in germ cells and Sertoli cells. A Meig1 conditional knockout model has been generated. When Meig1 was inactivated globally by crossing with Cmv‐Cre transgenic mice, the Meig1‐deficient males were sterile due to severe spermiogenic defects, and had no obvious defects in meiosis. To further study its role in individual cell types in the testis, the Meig1flox mice were crossed with Hsp2a‐Cre, Prm‐Cre, and Amh‐Cre mice, in which the Cre recombinase is driven by the heat shock protein 2 (Hsp2a) gene promoter (expressed in spermatocytes), the protamine 1 gene promoter (expressed in post‐meiotic spermatids) and the anti‐Mullerian hormone (Amh) gene promoter (expressed in Sertoli cells) respectively. Both Meig1 mRNA and protein were undetectable in testis of the Hsp2a‐Cre; Meig1flox/flox mice and all the mutant adult males tested were sterile. This phenotype mirrors that of the Cmv‐Cre; Meig1flox/flox mice. Even though the total testicular Meig1 mRNA and protein expression levels were dramatically reduced in testis of the Prm‐Cre; Meig1flox/flox males, all the mice tested were fertile, and there was no significant difference in sperm count and sperm motility compared with age‐matched Meig1flox/flox male mice. Disruption of Meig1 in the Sertoli cells did not affect the MEIG1 protein expression. Amh‐Cre; Meig1flox/flox males were fertile, and produced the same amount of spermatozoa as age‐matched Meig1flox/flox mice. The testicular histology was also normal. Our results indicate that MEIG1 regulates spermiogenesis through effects in germ cells alone, and that the Meig1 gene must be active during a discrete period in spermatogenesis after which it is dispensable.
Sperm retrieval and live birth rates in presumed Sertoli‐cell‐only syndrome in testis biopsy: a single centre experience
Authors: Gul U. , Turunc T. , Haydardedeoglu B. , Yaycioglu O. , Kuzgunbay B. , Ozkardes H. 
Published: August 2012

SummaryWe aimed to investigate sperm retrieval rates (SRR) by testicular sperm extraction (TESE), factors affecting SRR, and fertilization rate (FR), implantation rate (IR), clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) and live birth rate (LBR) in patients with presumed Sertoli‐cell‐only syndrome in testis biopsy (SCOS). We retrospectively evaluated files of 134 patients with SCOS who underwent TESE. Group I were patients in whom spermatozoa were retrieved and Group II were patients in whom no spermatozoa could be retrieved. SRR, Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone levels, and the volume of testicles were compared between groups. In addition, FR, IR, CPR and LBR were determined. Sperm retrieval was achieved in 37 (27.6%) patients (Group I), and the remaining 97 (72.4%) patients made Group II. There were no significant differences in age, infertility time, testicular volume, serum FSH, LH and testosterone levels between Groups I and II (p > 0.05). Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was performed in 36 patients. FR, IR, and CPR were 60.86 ± 23.03, 36.53 ± 41.78 and 51.3% respectively. Cycle and patient based LBRs were 37.8 and 45.1% respectively. SRR in SCOS is lower than patients with non‐obstructive azoospermia (NOA) in general. No parameters to predict spermatozoa retrieval were determined. In patients with SCOS, ICSI achieves similar live birth rate to other patients with NOA.
Pathogens of Ips amitinus: new species and comparison with Ips typographus
Authors: Lukášová K. , Holuša J. , Turčáni M. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIps amitinus and I. typographus are two serious pests of spruce in Europe, have similar bionomics and are likely to occur and meet on the same host trees. We therefore hypothesized that the two species support similar levels of similar pathogens. To test this hypothesis, we collected mature beetles from three trap trees at each of eight study sites and determined beetle numbers and pathogen infection levels. In total, 938 mature I. amitinus beetles and 3435 of I. typographus were dissected; five pathogens, as well as intestinal nematodes and endoparasitoids, were detected. The neogregarine Mattesia schwenkei is reported here for the first time as a new pathogen in 9.4% of I. amitinus individuals at one site. Average infection levels of most pathogens (Chytridiopsis typographi, Gregarina typographi, Mattesia schwenkei and parasitoids) were significantly higher in I. typographus than in I. amitinus. Metschnikowia typographi was confirmed only in Ips amitinus, while the microsporidium of Nosema typographi occurred only in I. typographus. Within‐season increases in G. typographi infection levels were documented in Ips amitinus.
Probing behaviour of Cacopsylla pyri on a resistant pear selection
Authors: Civolani S. , Grandi G. , Chicca M. , Pasqualini E. , Fano E. A. , Musacchi S. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractEuropean pear psylla Cacopsylla pyri L. (Hemiptera Psyllidae) is one of the worst pests of pear (Pyrus communis L.) in Europe. We investigated probing behaviour in adults and nymphs of C. pyri by full EPG on a psylla‐resistant pear selection, NY 10353. Concerning stylet probing behaviour on the plant surface, the results showed no significant differences between the resistant selection and the susceptible cultivar Bartlett, and no differences were also detected for epidermis and mesophyll resistance in the same conditions. For mesophyll/phloem, no differences were found in adults. However, in nymphs, weak resistance factors (longer stylet penetration and mesophyll salivation) were detected in the resistant selection. In phloem, EPG data indicate strong resistance factors in NY 10353, especially for nymphs and summer‐form adults (longer time before the first phloem ingestion and a lower duration of each phloem ingestion event). No prolonged (>10 min) phloem ingestion was performed by nymphs and adults in the resistant selection. The results support the hypothesis that NY 10353 resistance factors are located in the phloem sap and cause high C. pyri nymph mortality: this could be useful as a basis for further investigations of resistance mechanisms at the metabolic, chemical and genetic levels.
Surfing biological surfaces: exploiting the nucleoid for partition and transport in bacteria
Authors: Vecchiarelli Anthony G. , Mizuuchi Kiyoshi , Funnell Barbara E. 
Published: August 2012

SummaryThe ParA family of ATPases is responsible for transporting bacterial chromosomes, plasmids and large protein machineries. ParAs pattern the nucleoid in vivo, but how patterning functions or is exploited in transport is of considerable debate. Here we discuss the process of self‐organization into patterns on the bacterial nucleoid and explore how it relates to the molecular mechanism of ParA action. We review ParA‐mediated DNA partition as a general mechanism of how ATP‐driven protein gradients on biological surfaces can result in spatial organization on a mesoscale. We also discuss how the nucleoid acts as a formidable diffusion barrier for large bodies in the cell, and make the case that the ParA family evolved to overcome the barrier by exploiting the nucleoid as a matrix for movement.
Inhibitory mechanism of the Qβ lysis protein A2
Authors: Reed C. A. , Langlais C. , Kuznetsov V. , Young R. 
Published: August 2012

SummaryThe lysis protein A2, present as a single copy on the surface of Qβ virion particles, was previously shown to inhibit the activity of MurA, an enzyme that catalyses the first committed step of murein biosynthesis. Here we report experiments with a two‐hybrid study that indicates A2 and MurA interact directly. Moreover, experiments with a soluble MBP–A2 fusion indicate that the interaction between MurA and A2 is dependent on a substrate‐induced conformational change featured in the UDP‐NAG‐liganded state of MurA but not the tetrahedral intermediate state. Moreover, based on the location of L138Q, the original dominant A2‐resistant mutant that identified MurA as the target, a directed mutagenesis strategy has identified a continuous surface required for A2 binding. This surface spans the catalytic loop/cleft and encompasses both the catalytic and C‐terminal domains. These data support a model in which A2 preferentially binds MurA liganded with UDP‐NAG, thereby preventing catalysis by occluding PEP from accessing the active site.
Assimilate transport in phloem sets conditions for leaf gas exchange
Authors: NIKINMAA EERO , HÖLTTÄ TEEMU , HARI PERTTI , KOLARI PASI , MÄKELÄ ANNIKKI , SEVANTO SANNA , VESALA TIMO 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACTCarbon uptake and transpiration in plant leaves occurs through stomata that open and close. Stomatal action is usually considered a response to environmental driving factors. Here we show that leaf gas exchange is more strongly related to whole tree level transport of assimilates than previously thought, and that transport of assimilates is a restriction of stomatal opening comparable with hydraulic limitation. Assimilate transport in the phloem requires that osmotic pressure at phloem loading sites in leaves exceeds the drop in hydrostatic pressure that is due to transpiration. Assimilate transport thus competes with transpiration for water. Excess sugar loading, however, may block the assimilate transport because of viscosity build‐up in phloem sap. Therefore, for given conditions, there is a stomatal opening that maximizes phloem transport if we assume that sugar loading is proportional to photosynthetic rate. Here we show that such opening produces the observed behaviour of leaf gas exchange. Our approach connects stomatal regulation directly with sink activity, plant structure and soil water availability as they all influence assimilate transport. It produces similar behaviour as the optimal stomatal control approach, but does not require determination of marginal cost of water parameter.
Contribution of house and garden work to the association between physical activity and well-being in young, mid-aged and older women
Authors: Peeters Geeske , van Gellecum Yolanda R , van Uffelen Jannique G Z , Burton Nicola W , Brown Wendy J 
Published: August 2012

ObjectiveAlthough physical activity occurs in leisure, transport, occupational and domestic domains of life, the contribution of house and garden work (HGW) to the association between total physical activity and well-being is not clear. The aim was to describe the contribution of HGW to total physical activity (TPA) in association with well-being in younger, mid-aged and older women.DesignYounger (25–30 years), mid-aged (50–55 years) and older (76–81 years) participants in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health completed a mailed survey with questions about leisure, transport and house and garden activities. Well-being was assessed using the physical and mental components scores of the SF-36. Cross-sectional associations between the physical activity variables and well-being were modelled using General Additive Modelling.ResultsCorrelations between HGW and leisure/transport activity (LTA) were low (r<0.3, p<0.001). Positive curvilinear associations were found between LTA and physical and mental well-being in all three cohorts, and between HGW and physical and mental well-being in mid-aged and older women. In the younger women, an inverse relationship was found between HGW and well-being. When HGW and LTA were summed (TPA), the associations between TPA and well-being were attenuated compared with those for LTA alone and well-being.ConclusionsIn mid-aged and older women, relationships between HGW and well-being were similar to, but weaker than seen for LTA and well-being. In young women, well-being declined with increasing HGW. Summing HGW to LTA led to attenuated relationships, suggesting that domains of physical activity should not be summed when studying relationships with well-being.