bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic monitoring of spring strain and fatigue in high voltage circuit breakers
Authors: Cheng Yingzhe , Xu Zhixin , Weng Deming , Pan Qindi , Xie Peng , Chen Kuosong , Chen Sheng , Lin Jianlong , Chen Jiehao , Wang Weimin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The performance of high-voltage circuit breaker springs is crucial for the normal operation, safety performance, and equipment reliability of the circuit breaker. Their main functions include contact separation, rapid action, and load support. Therefore, it is required that the springs have good long-term stable performance and are not easily deformed or damaged. The circuit breaker spring may experience creep, fracture, and other conditions during use, resulting in abnormal working conditions of the circuit breaker and the inability to close. At present, the main maintenance methods adopt manual regular inspections and calibration of springs, which belong to post-control measures and cannot monitor the status of springs. This article studies the quantitative relationship between spring stress and strain, fatigue, and creep states, analyzes the changes in principal stress and shear stress during fatigue cracks, and monitors the status of springs by studying the optimal position of strain gauges.
Study on the effect of impeller wear on dredging pump performance under medium-coarse sand conditions
Authors: Zhao Guoquan , Zhu Ping , Wei Jianfeng , Lu Jin , Yuan Chaozhe 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The dredging pump is the most critical dredging equipment for the cutter suction dredger, and its performance is one of the decisive factors for the cutter suction dredger productivity. Relying on the Xiamen New Airport Phase II Project, a comparative analysis of the dredging pump performance before and after impeller wear was carried out under medium-coarse sand conveying conditions. The results show that impeller wears will cause the dredging pump head to fall and performance degradation. In the range of normal construction process parameters, the larger the impeller rotational speed is or the smaller the concentration of medium-coarse sand conveying is, the more significant the decline in dredging pump performance will be. The research results can provide guidance for the cutter suction dredger pump working point adjustment and process optimization in the dredging pump wear condition.
Optimization of braking noise caused by eccentric wear of friction plates based on response surface method
Authors: Zhang Xuesong , Jiao Quanwei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Given the noise caused by the friction plate of wear, the finite element model of the brake after eccentric wear of the friction pad was established, and the complex eigenvalue method was used to analyze the influence of eccentric wear of friction pads on braking noise. The value range of brake material parameters is determined by a single-factor test, and the response surface approximate model was constructed to reduce the TOI value of the vibration tendency coefficient. The results show that the braking noise tends to increase with the increase of the eccentric wear of the friction plate. After material parameter optimization, the vibration tendency coefficient of the eccentric wear brake is reduced by 66.2%, and the vibration tendency coefficient of the new brake is reduced by 36.8%. The conclusion provides some basis for the design of the brake.
Damage identification of simply-supported beams based on SD value method
Authors: Li Yiming , Liu Qiyang , Geng Jiangwei , Wang Yang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Combining the relationships among the displacement mode, rotation mode, and curvature mode, this study proposes a structural curvature variance ratio (SD) method that can simplify the calculation and reduce the damage recognition error. Using beam structures in the western region as an example, a finite element model is established, and the impact of the displacement modulus on beam damage recognition is analyzed. The applicability of the SD method for damage recognition is also investigated. In the presence of measurement errors, the SD method and the curvature modulus difference method are compared and analyzed. The results show that this method can effectively identify structural damage, determine the location and quantity of local damage, and simplify calculations while reducing error transmission and amplification.
Additional outpatient expenditures due to heatwaves: evidence from the Chinese older population
Authors: Li Weilong , Liao Hua , Zeng Hongmei , Zhang Ying 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
As global temperatures rise, the impact on health becomes increasingly apparent, especially for vulnerable seniors. This study analyzed the additional financial burden caused by heatwaves on outpatient healthcare spending among China’s older people, using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) covering 126 cities between 2011 and 2018. Applying generalized estimating equations (GEE) models and incorporating local weather data, we examined the data from 22 023 questionnaires. The findings show that each heatwave in the past 30 d increased individual outpatient costs by 2.29 CNY (95% CI: 0.31–4.27), affecting individuals with chronic diseases, those without air conditioning, and those in rural areas more severely. Naps proved effective in mitigating heatwave effects. Projections suggest that in the summer of 2050, under the SSP5-8.5 scenario, additional healthcare expenses attributable to rising temperatures might reach 29.14 billion CNY (95% CI: 3.94–54.33). These findings highlight the urgent need for proactive heat and health strategies in China and support naps as a protective measure against heat-induced health risks for older people.
Generalized parity-oblivious communication games powered by quantum preparation contextuality
Authors: Roy Prabuddha , Pan A K 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The parity-oblivious random-access-code (PORAC) is a class of communication games involving a sender (Alice) and a receiver (Bob). In such games, Alice’s amount of communication to Bob is constraint by the parity-oblivious (PO) conditions, so that the parity information of her inputs remains oblivious to Bob. The PO condition in an operational theory is equivalently represented in an ontological model that satisfies the preparation noncontextuality. In this paper, we provide a nontrivial generalization of the existing two-level PORAC and derive the winning probability of the game in the preparation noncontextual ontological model. We demonstrate that the quantum theory outperforms the preparation noncontextual model by predicting higher winning probability in our generalized PORAC.
A simple and fast method to calculate the coil currents and the external poloidal flux and magnetic field for fixed boundary equilibria
Authors: FARENGO Ricardo , GARCÍA-MARTÍNEZ Pablo L , FERRARI Hugo E 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A simple and fast method to calculate the coil currents and the external poloidal flux and magnetic field consistent with a given internal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equilibrium and coil geometry is presented. The constrained optimization technique employed allows to fix the exact position of the X-points. The external poloidal flux and field are calculated using Green’s functions expressed in terms of elliptic integrals that are calculated using a fast and accurate routine. The calculation can be limited to the region between the plasma and the device wall. An example for a double null configuration is presented.
Lycium ruthenicum stem extract mediated green synthesis of MnO2/Mn3(PO4)2 composite nanowire electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Kumar Raj , Raj Ritu , Ahmed Imtiaz , Kumar Vikash , Singh Gajendra Prasad , Haldar Krishna Kanta 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A composite of manganese oxide (MnO2) and Mn3(PO4)2 decorated nanowires (MnO2/Mn3(PO4)2) was prepared using Lycium ruthenicum stem-extract mediated green synthesis. This composite material functions as an efficient and long-lasting electrocatalyst for water-splitting reactions, which could significantly improve the performance of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The OER activity of MnO2/Mn3(PO4)2-based nanowires is boosted by blending with a conducting support, such as manganese oxide (MnO2). The x-ray diffraction pattern and Fourier transform infrared data indicate that the nanowires are highly crystalline. The MnO2/Mn3(PO4)2 composite material demonstrates superior stability compared to its individual constituents and generates a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at a low overpotential of 244 mV for OER in alkaline media. This research may lead to the development of MnO2/Mn3(PO4)2 composite materials as electrocatalysts for overall water-splitting reactions.
Dwelling Love
Authors: Swanton Christine 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this chapter I show that the various loves of other and self should be integrated with “dwelling” love, a form of love that Heidegger claims is foundational in all our loves. The integration has two aspects. First, dwelling love is not simply a love of nature: it is a love of nature as a dwelling place, a place where individual humans and other beings that are objects of love, dwell. Love of “nature” cannot swamp self-love and love of others. Second, love of self and other cannot be abstracted away from our being situated in our dwelling place. For Heidegger to dwell is to be and feel “at home” in one’s day to day life. At the core of dwelling love is an emotional construal of appropriate things as ‘holy’ or somehow sacred. Construing as holy is the fundamental Grundstimmung of dwelling love.
Broad host use and frequent polyandry in the facultative dulotic species Formica aserva (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: Scarparo Giulia , West Mari , Brelsford Alan , Purcell Jessica 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The study of social parasitism faces numerous challenges arising from the intricate and intranidal host–parasite interactions and the rarity of parasites compared to their free-living counterparts. As a result, our understanding of the ecology and evolution of most social parasites remains limited. Using whole-genome and reduced-representation sequence data, we conducted a study to fill knowledge gaps on host use, colony social structure, and population genetics of the facultative dulotic ant Formica aserva Forel. Our study reveals the remarkable ability of F. aserva to exploit at least 20 different host species across its wide geographic distribution. In some cases, one social parasite colony exploits multiple hosts simultaneously, suggesting a high degree of generalization even at a local spatial scale. Approximately 80% of the colonies were monogyne (with a single queen), with many exhibiting higher rates of polyandry compared to most Formica ants. Although we identified a supergene on chromosome 3, its association with colony structure remains uncertain due to the rarity of polygyny in our sample. Population genetic analyses reveal substantial geographic population structure, with the greatest divergence between California populations and those from the rest of the range. Mitochondrial population structure differs from structure inferred from the nuclear genome on a broad geographic scale, suggesting a possible role of adaptive introgression or genetic drift. This study provides valuable insights into the ecology and evolution of F. aserva, underscoring the need for further research to decipher the complexities of host interactions and the genetic mechanisms that regulate social structure.
Presentation, care, coronary intervention and outcomes of patients with NSTEMI according to age: insights from the international prospective ACVC-EAPCI EORP NSTEMI registry
Authors: Nadarajah Ramesh , Ludman Peter , Laroche Cécile , Appelman Yolande , Brugaletta Salvatore , Budaj Andrzej , Bueno Hector , Huber Kurt , Kunadian Vijay , Leonardi Sergio , Lettino Maddalena , Milasinovic Dejan , Clegg Andrew , Gale Chris P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Older people less frequently receive invasive coronary angiography (ICA) for NSTEMI than younger patients. We describe care, ICA data, and in-hospital and 30-day outcomes of NSTEMI by age in a contemporary and geographically diverse cohort.

Methods
Prospective cohort study including 2947 patients with NSTEMI from 287 centres in 59 countries, stratified by age (≥75 years, n = 761). Quality of care was evaluated based on 12 guideline-recommended care interventions, and data collected on ICA. Outcomes included in hospital acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock, repeat myocardial infarction, stroke/transient ischaemic attack, BARC Type ≥3 bleeding and death, as well as 30-day mortality.

Results
Patients aged ≥75 years, compared with younger patients, at presentation had a higher prevalence of comorbidities and oral anticoagulation prescription (22.4% vs 7.6%, p &lt; 0.001). Older patients less frequently received ICA than younger patients (78.6% vs 90.6%, p &lt; 0.001) with the recorded reason more often being advanced age, comorbidities or frailty. Of those who underwent ICA, older patients more frequently demonstrated 3-vessel, 4-vessel and/or left main stem coronary artery disease compared to younger patients (49.7% vs 34.1%, p &lt; 0.001) but less frequently received revascularisation (63.6% vs 76.9%, p &lt; 0.001). Older patients experienced higher rates of in-hospital acute heart failure (15.0% vs 8.4%, p &lt; 0.001) and bleeding (2.8% vs 1.3%, p = 0.006), as well as in-hospital and 30-day mortality (3.4% vs 1.3%, p &lt; 0.001; 4.8% vs 1.7%, p &lt; 0.001; respectively), than younger patients.

Conclusions
Patients aged ≥75 years with NSTEMI, compared with younger patients, less frequently received ICA and guideline-recommended care, and had worse short-term outcomes.
Fragility and strength
Authors: Călinoiu Teodor-Tiberiu , Garancini Daniele Bruno 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
It is customarily assumed that paracomplete and paraconsistent solutions to liar paradoxes require a logical system weaker than classical logic. That is, if a logic is not fragile to liar paradoxes, it must be logically weaker than classical logic. Defenders of classical logic argue that the losses of weakening it outweigh the gains. Advocates of paracomplete and paraconsistent solutions disagree. We articulate the notion of fragility with respect to the liar paradox and show that it can be disentangled from logical strength. Strength and resilience to paradox do not force a trade-off with respect to liars: there can be logics which are not weaker than classical logic and are solid to the liar.
“Why should care workers be any different from prison workers?” A qualitative study of second-hand smoke exposure during home-care visits and potential measures to eliminate exposure
Authors: O’Donnell Rachel , Dobson Ruaraidh , Semple Sean 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Despite world-leading measures in place to protect employees from second-hand smoke exposure in workplaces in the United Kingdom, workers who deliver health and social care in private homes remain unprotected legally in this setting from second-hand smoke exposure (SHS).

Methods
Fourteen individuals took part in either an in-depth telephone interview (n = 11) or an online focus group discussion (n = 3), including home-care workers (n = 5) and managers (n = 5) based in Lanarkshire (Scotland) and local/national policy makers (n = 4). Participants were asked about the extent to which exposure to SHS is an issue during home visits and possible additional measures that could be put in place to eliminate exposure.

Results
Participants highlighted the difficulties in balancing the provision of care in a person’s own home with the right of workers to be able to breathe clean air and be protected from SHS. Current strategies to reduce staff exposure to SHS during home visits were often reported as inadequate with SHS not a hazard considered by managers beyond protecting pregnant staff or those with pre-existing respiratory conditions such as asthma. Simple respiratory protective equipment (as used during the COVID-19 pandemic) was rightly identified as being ineffective. Methods such as nicotine replacement therapy and e-cigarettes were identified as potential ways to help people who smoke achieve temporary asbstinence prior to a home visit.

Conclusion
Implementing appropriate and proportionate measures to protect home-care workers from the harms posed by SHS should be a priority to help protect the health of this often overlooked occupational group.
Behavioral plasticity
Authors: Zhang Yun , Iino Yuichi , Schafer William R 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Behavioral plasticity allows animals to modulate their behavior based on experience and environmental conditions. Caenorhabditis elegans exhibits experience-dependent changes in its behavioral responses to various modalities of sensory cues, including odorants, salts, temperature, and mechanical stimulations. Most of these forms of behavioral plasticity, such as adaptation, habituation, associative learning, and imprinting, are shared with other animals. The C. elegans nervous system is considerably tractable for experimental studies—its function can be characterized and manipulated with molecular genetic methods, its activity can be visualized and analyzed with imaging approaches, and the connectivity of its relatively small number of neurons are well described. Therefore, C. elegans provides an opportunity to study molecular, neuronal, and circuit mechanisms underlying behavioral plasticity that are either conserved in other animals or unique to this species. These findings reveal insights into how the nervous system interacts with the environmental cues to generate behavioral changes with adaptive values.
Marital Status and Advance Care Planning Among Older Adults: Do Gendered Patterns Vary by Age?
Authors: Kalousová Lucie , Carr Deborah 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Advance care planning (ACP), which comprises a living will, durable power of attorney for healthcare (DPAHC), and end-of-life discussions, is an inherently relational process. However, it is unclear how marital status affects men’s and women’s ACP over the life course. Drawing on social control and gender-as-relational frameworks, we examine marital status differences in ACP and how these patterns differ by gender and age.

Methods
Data are from the 2020 Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a representative sample of U.S. older adults (N = 7,074). We estimate logistic regression models to evaluate whether marital status differences in ACP are moderated by age and gender, and multinomial logistic regressions to examine age and gender differences in DPAHC designations among married parents. Analyses are adjusted for sociodemographic and health covariates.

Results
Multivariable analyses revealed significant moderation effects for discussions only. Among married/cohabiting persons, women are more likely than men to have end-of-life discussions, with gender differences diminishing slightly at oldest ages. Among divorced persons in their 60s and 70s, women are much more likely than men to have had discussions, although this gap converges among the oldest-old. Conversely, young-old widowed men and women are equally likely to have discussions, although women are increasingly likely to do so with advancing age. Men are more likely than women to name their spouse as DPAHC, yet this gap diminishes with age.

Discussion
Healthcare providers can better guide end-of-life consultations if they understand how men’s and women’s family relationships change with advancing age.
Developing a Framework for Digital Activities of Daily Living
Authors: Mois George , Rogers Wendy A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The emergence of digital technologies has shown a promising potential to enhance access to goods, services, and resources. Digital technologies and interfaces differ from mechanical and analog electronic technologies as they often require internet access and are dependent on a set of activities or actions for the user to successfully implement them in their day-to-day life. We describe this set of activities as digital activities of daily living (DADLs). Much like activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, and enhanced activities of living, DADLs are critical to supporting well-being and healthy aging. For example, the digitalization of tasks such as health insurance (e.g., creating a Medicare account) or banking (e.g., making a utility payment via a web portal) are all DADLs. With a growing dependence on digital technologies to participate in day-to-day life, disparities in individuals’ ability to competently complete DADLs present major concerns for independence, quality of life, safety, and well-being. We developed a framework for understanding DADLs and their implication for daily life. Furthermore, we provide a guide for the development of interventions and outline implications for research, practice, and policy.
China in global digital trade governance: towards a development-oriented agenda?
Authors: He Yujia , Zeng Ka 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Existing literature on the behaviour of rising powers in global trade governance has yielded inconclusive evidence about their role and impact. This article contributes to this literature by examining China's role in global digital trade governance, an issue area which so far has not received sufficient scholarly attention. Specifically, it addresses the following question: as a self-proclaimed leader of the developing world in digital development, to what extent do its preferences and negotiation approach align with the interests of other developing countries? Analysing China's participation in three sets of negotiations using process tracing, the article argues that China's dual identity both as a self-identified developing country and as a rising power has contributed to its strategic ambivalence. In principle China supports a development-oriented approach to digital trade governance, calling attention to issues such as the digital divide and preserving developing countries' policy space on data localization consistent with its domestic regulatory approaches. Yet China's interest in promoting Chinese technology firms' global expansion leads to increasing divergence with other developing countries on issues such as the e-commerce customs duty moratorium and the global taxation of digital firms, paradoxically increasing its interest alignment with developed countries and limiting its support for fundamental reforms.
Discrete hypocoercivity for a nonlinear kinetic reaction model
Authors: Bessemoulin-Chatard Marianne , Laidin Tino , Rey Thomas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this article we propose a finite-volume discretization of a one-dimensional nonlinear reaction kinetic model proposed in Neumann & Schmeiser (2016), which describes a two-species recombination-generation process. Specifically, we establish the long-time convergence of approximate solutions towards equilibrium, at exponential rate. The study is based on an adaptation for a discretization of the linearized problem of the $L^{2}$ hypocoercivity method introduced in Dolbeault et al. (2015). From this we can deduce a local result for the discrete nonlinear problem, in the sense that small initial perturbations from the steady state are considered. As in the continuous framework this result requires the establishment of a maximum principle, which necessitates the use of monotone numerical fluxes.