bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Consumers Forgo the Need to Touch Products? An Investigation of Nonhaptic Situational Factors in an Online Context
Authors: Yazdanparast Atefeh , Spears Nancy 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTTouch is an important source of information for consumers, and there is much to learn about its role in an online purchase decision context where the ability to touch products is not (at least currently) possible. The present investigation examines three nonhaptic situation‐specific factors that moderate the relationship between haptic motivation and consumer responses. The results indicate that positive mood, price promotions, and level of situation‐specific product expertise are influential, yielding greater purchase intentions and product judgment confidence when touch is not available. Additionally, the findings of the investigation suggest that imagining a Web site is comparable to actually viewing a Web site. Several implications for consumer behavior research and online marketers are discussed.
Enhanced tissue differentiation in the developing mouse brain using magnetic resonance micro‐histology
Authors: Norris Francesca C. , Betts‐Henderson Joanne , Wells Jack A. , Cleary Jon O. , Siow Bernard M. , Walker‐Samuel Simon , McCue Karen , Salomoni Paolo , Scambler Peter J. , Lythgoe Mark F. 
Published: December 2012

Purpose: Worldwide efforts to understand developmental processes demand new high‐resolution 3D imaging methods to detect the consequences of gene function in embryo development and diseases. Encouragingly, recent studies have shown that MRI contrast agents can highlight specific tissue structures in ex vivo adult mouse brains. MR imaging of mouse embryos is currently limited by a lack of tissue staining capabilities that would provide the flexibility and specificity offered by histological stains conventionally used for mouse embryo phenotyping.Methods: The MRI staining properties of two readily available contrast agents, Mn‐DPDP and Gd‐DTPA, were investigated in mid‐gestation mouse embryos.Results: Brain tissue substructures not normally visible using MRI were detected. Mn‐DPDP and Gd‐DTPA provided spatially distinct tissue staining patterns. An initial assessment indicated that these agents utilized independent contrast enhancement mechanisms. Mn‐DPDP was identified as a potential MRI contrast agent for enhancement of mouse embryonic cellular density and enabled identification of regions containing populations of neural stem and progenitor cells within the intact embryo brain.Conclusions: Different contrast agents may be used to provide tissue‐specific contrast enhancement, suggesting that a host of specialized MRI stains may be available for probing the developing mouse brain and investigating developmental and disease mechanisms. Magn Reson Med 70:1380–1388, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Matching boundary conditions for lattice dynamics
Authors: Wang X. , Tang S. 
Published: December 2012

SUMMARYWe design a class of accurate and efficient absorbing boundary conditions for molecular dynamics simulations of crystalline solids. In one space dimension, the proposed matching boundary conditions take the form of a linear constraint of displacement and velocity at atoms near the boundary, where the coefficients are determined by matching the dispersion relation with a minimal number of atoms involved. Bearing the nice features of compactness, locality, and high efficiency, the matching boundary conditions are then extended to treat the out‐of‐plane wave problems in the square lattice. We construct multidirectional absorbing boundary conditions via operator multiplications. Reflection coefficient analysis and numerical studies verify their effectiveness for spurious reflection suppression in all directions. Compact and local in both space and time, they are directly applicable to nonlinear lattices and multiscale simulations. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neutropenia‐Associated Outcomes in Adults with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Receiving Cytarabine Consolidation Chemotherapy with or without Granulocyte Colony‐Stimulating Factor
Authors: Bradley Amber M. , Deal Allison M. , Buie Larry W. , van Deventer Hendrik 
Published: December 2012

Study ObjectiveTo determine whether granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) prophylaxis after consolidation with high‐ or intermediate‐dose cytarabine (H/IDAC) for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) reduces the frequency of neutropenia‐associated complications.DesignRetrospective medical record review.SettingAcademic medical center.PatientsSeventy‐eight patients aged 18 years or older in whom H/IDAC consolidation chemotherapy was initiated for consolidation of AML between November 2004 and November 2010.Measurements and Main ResultsPatient demographic data, information on the hospitalization for consolidation, data on G‐CSF use after H/IDAC chemotherapy, and details on any readmissions were collected. Patients were deemed to have received G‐CSF prophylaxis if there was documentation of the intent for use of either filgrastim or pegfilgrastim. Outcome data also were collected, including dates of relapse or second induction treatment course, and death or last follow‐up visit. We compared data based on patient receipt of G‐CSF (G‐CSF vs no G‐CSF) after each chemotherapy cycle. We assessed differences in the duration of hospitalization, fever, intravenous antibiotic use, and neutropenia, as well as rate of documented infections, time to disease recurrence, and overall survival. Compared with no G‐CSF, use of G‐CSF after cycle 1 of H/IDAC significantly reduced the rate of hospitalization for febrile neutropenia (p=0.039); however, no significant differences were noted for subsequent cycles. No significant differences were seen in duration of hospitalization, rate of documented infections, or time to treatment failure between groups. Overall survival was longer for patients who received G‐CSF during their first cycle (p=0.018) and for those who received G‐CSF during any of their cycles (p=0.04).ConclusionUse of G‐CSF prophylaxis after cycle 1 of H/IDAC consolidation for AML appears to reduce the frequency of hospitalization for febrile neutropenia and to increase overall survival compared with no G‐CSF use. Prospective, controlled studies are needed to support our findings.
Effect of 1,4‐cyclohexylene units on thermal properties of poly(1,4‐cyclohexylenedimethylene adipate) and similar aliphatic polyesters
Authors: Celli Annamaria , Marchese Paola , Sisti Laura , Dumand Deborah , Sullalti Simone , Totaro Grazia 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn the field of aliphatic polyesters there is a great interest in building novel macromolecular structures that may effectively feature the required properties for specific applications. For this reason, it is extremely important to understand the correlations between chemical structure and final performance. Monomers based on the 1,4‐cyclohexylene unit are interesting as they are potentially bio‐based and rigid enough to improve glass transition and melting temperatures. The present paper describes the preparation of samples of poly(1,4‐cyclohexylenedimethylene adipate), characterized by different cis/trans isomeric ratio of the cyclic units, the analysis of their thermal properties and the comparison with the properties of similar polymers such as poly(butylene adipate), poly(butylene‐1,4‐cyclohexanedicarboxylate) and poly(1,4‐cyclohexylenedimethylene‐1,4‐cyclohexanedicarboxylate). The effect of the rigidity and of the stereochemistry of the 1,4‐cyclohexylene unit on the thermal properties was analysed. Such an effect reaches its maximum level when the cyclic‐containing monomers are the diacid or the diester and when the trans isomers predominate. Starting from such a result, the combination of specific cyclic building blocks with the correct cis/trans ratio makes it possible to build macromolecular structures with the required final properties.
InGaP/GaAs/Ge triple‐junction solar cells with ZnO nanowires
Authors: Hou Jei‐Li , Chang Shoou‐Jinn , Hsueh Ting‐Jen , Wu Chih‐Hung , Weng Wen‐Yin , Shieh Jia‐Min 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTZnO nanowire (NW) grown on triple‐junction (TJ) solar cells via the hydrothermal growth method to enhance efficiency is investigated. In this paper, experimental results indicate that TJ solar cells with ZnO NW as an antireflection (AR) coating have the lowest reflectance in the short wavelength spectrum, as compared with those of bare TJ solar cells (without AR coating) and solar cells with SiNx and TiO2/Al2O3 AR coatings. ZnO NW has the lowest light reflection among all experimental samples, especially in the range of ultraviolet to green light (300–500 nm). It was found that ZnO NW could enhance the conversion efficiency by 6.92%, as compared with the conventional TJ solar cell. In contrast, SiNx and TiO2/Al2O3 AR coatings could only enhance the conversion efficiency by 3.72% and 6.46% increase, respectively. The encapsulated results also suggested that the cell with ZnO NW coating could provide the best solar cell performances. Furthermore, all samples are measured at tilt angles of 0°–90° and results show that the solar cells with ZnO NW have the highest efficiency at all tilt angles. Furthermore, a small NW diameter increases light absorption. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Industriebauten von Albert Kahn. Zum 70. Todestag
Authors: Mislin Miron 
Published: December 2012

AbstractDiese Studie ist eine Reverenz an den Industriearchitekten Albert Kahn, der seit Beginn des 20. Jahrhundert bis zu seinem Tod am 8. Dezember 1942 über 2500 Fabriken geplant hat. Die Industrie‐Architektur und der Industriebau standen am Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts und Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts noch unter dem Einfluss von eklektizistischen Stilen und von dem Historismus verpflichteten Baumeistern. Kahn gebührt das Verdienst, die Industriearchitektur an ihre technisch‐rationale Aufgabenstellung zurückgeführt zu haben. Er hat sich dabei nicht nur auf die architektonisch‐funktionalen Erfordernisse beschränkt, sondern darüber hinaus neue konstruktive Lösungen für große Spannweiten und stützenfreie Innenräume entwickelt.
Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation Versus Partial Hepatectomy for Small Centrally Located Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Guo Wei‐Xing , Sun Ju‐Xian , Cheng Yu‐Qiang , Shi Jie , Li Nan , Xue Jie , Wu Meng‐Chao , Chen Yi , Cheng Shu‐Qun 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackgroundIt is not known whether percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (PRFA) could get the same treatment efficacy and fewer complications as partial hepatectomy (PH) in patients with small centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of PH and PRFA in the treatment of small centrally located HCC.MethodsFrom January 2002 until December 2007, 196 patients with small centrally located HCC (≤5 cm) were included. Of these 196 patients, 94 received PRFA and 102 patients were treated with PH. Treatment outcomes, including major complications and survival data, were studied.ResultsNo treatment‐related death occurred in either group. There were no significant differences in survival rates between the two groups. The 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year disease‐free survival rates for the PRFA and PH groups were 57.9 %, 36.4 %, 34.0 %, and 59.8 %, 42.4 %, 40.8 %, respectively (P = 0.50). The 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year overall survival rates for the two groups were 94.3 %, 74.7 %, and 49.8 %, and 89.2 %, 74.1 %, and 63.1 %, respectively (P = 0.96). PRFA had a lower rate of major complications than PH (8.5 vs 19.6 %), and the hospital stay was also shorter in the PRFA group than in the PH subgroup (4 vs 13 days).ConclusionsBased on the data obtained, we concluded that PRFA might be equal to PH for the treatment of small centrally located HCC. However, PRFA has the benefits of shorter hospital stay as well as a lower rate of complications.
Family Planning and Women’s and Children’s Health: Long-Term Consequences of an Outreach Program in Matlab, Bangladesh
Authors: Joshi Shareen , Schultz T. Paul 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
We analyze the impact of an experimental maternal and child health and family planning program that was established in Matlab, Bangladesh, in 1977. Village data from 1974, 1982, and 1996 suggest that program villages experienced a decline in fertility of about 17 %. Household data from 1996 confirm that this decline in “surviving fertility” persisted for nearly two decades. Women in program villages also experienced other benefits: increased birth spacing, lower child mortality, improved health status, and greater use of preventive health inputs. Some benefits also diffused beyond the boundaries of the program villages into neighboring comparison villages. These effects are robust to the inclusion of individual, household, and community characteristics. We conclude that the benefits of this reproductive and child health program in rural Bangladesh have many dimensions extending well beyond fertility reduction, which do not appear to dissipate rapidly after two decades.
Intergenerational transmission of religious beliefs and practices and the reduction of adolescent delinquency in urban Thailand
Authors: Chamratrithirong Aphichat , Miller Brenda A. , Byrnes Hilary F. , Rhucharoenpornpanich Orratai , Cupp Pamela K. , Rosati Michael J. , Fongkaew Warunee , Atwood Katharine A. , Todd Michael 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThis study examines the intergenerational transmission of family religion as measured by parent's and adolescent's beliefs and practices in Buddhism, and its relation to delinquent behaviors among early adolescents in Thailand. The data set is from the Thai Family Matters Project 2007, a representative sample of 420 pairs of parents and teens in Bangkok. A structural equation model is employed for the analysis. The intergenerational transmission and the direct and indirect association between parents' and adolescents' beliefs and practices in Buddhism and adolescents' minor and serious delinquent behaviors are revealed to be significant, controlling for secular parental monitoring. Spirituality within the family can play an important role in preventing delinquency among early adolescents. Policies in the areas related to family empowerment and delinquency prevention may need to consider integrating both secular and non‐secular program inputs in their implementation design.
Continued loss of temperate old-growth forests in the Romanian Carpathians despite an increasing protected area network
Authors: KNORN JAN , KUEMMERLE TOBIAS , RADELOFF VOLKER C. , KEETON WILLIAM S. , GANCZ VLADIMIR , BIRIŞ IOVU-ADRIAN , SVOBODA MIROSLAV , GRIFFITHS PATRICK , HAGATIS ADRIAN , HOSTERT PATRICK 
Published: December 2012

SUMMARYOld-growth forests around the world are vanishing rapidly and have been lost almost completely from the European temperate forest region. Poor management practices, often triggered by socioeconomic and institutional change, are the main causes of loss. Recent trends in old-growth forest cover in Romania, where some of the last remaining tracts of these forests within Europe are located, are revealed by satellite image analysis. Forest cover declined by 1.3 % from 2000 to 2010. Romania's protected area network has been expanded substantially since the country's accession to the European Union in 2007, and most of the remaining old-growth forests now are located within protected areas. Surprisingly though, 72% of the old-growth forest disturbances are found within protected areas, highlighting the threats still facing these forests. It appears that logging in old-growth forests is, at least in part, related to institutional reforms, insufficient protection and ownership changes since the collapse of communism in 1989. The majority of harvesting activities in old-growth forest areas are in accordance with the law. Without improvements to their governance, the future of Romania's old-growth forests and the important ecosystem services they provide remains uncertain.
Objective assessment of chromatic and achromatic pattern adaptation reveals the temporal response properties of different visual pathways
Authors: ROBSON ANTHONY G. , KULIKOWSKI JANUS J. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe aim was to investigate the temporal response properties of magnocellular, parvocellular, and koniocellular visual pathways using increment/decrement changes in contrast to elicit visual evoked potentials (VEPs). Static achromatic and isoluminant chromatic gratings were generated on a monitor. Chromatic gratings were modulated along red/green (R/G) or subject-specific tritanopic confusion axes, established using a minimum distinct border criterion. Isoluminance was determined using minimum flicker photometry. Achromatic and chromatic VEPs were recorded to contrast increments and decrements of 0.1 or 0.2 superimposed on the static gratings (masking contrast 0–0.6). Achromatic increment/decrement changes in contrast evoked a percept of apparent motion when the spatial frequency was low; VEPs to such stimuli were positive in polarity and largely unaffected by high levels of static contrast, consistent with transient response mechanisms. VEPs to finer achromatic gratings showed marked attenuation as static contrast was increased. Chromatic VEPs to R/G or tritan chromatic contrast increments were of negative polarity and showed progressive attenuation as static contrast was increased, in keeping with increasing desensitization of the sustained responses of the color-opponent visual pathways. Chromatic contrast decrement VEPs were of positive polarity and less sensitive to pattern adaptation. The relative contribution of sustained/transient mechanisms to achromatic processing is spatial frequency dependent. Chromatic contrast increment VEPs reflect the sustained temporal response properties of parvocellular and koniocellular pathways. Cortical VEPs can provide an objective measure of pattern adaptation and can be used to probe the temporal response characteristics of different visual pathways.
The application of international humanitarian law and international human rights law in situation of prolonged occupation: only a matter of time?
Authors: Koutroulis Vaios 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe article deals with the effect of the time factor in the application of international humanitarian law (IHL) and international human rights law (IHRL) in ‘prolonged belligerent occupations’. It demonstrates that IHL applies in its entirety to such situations and that the adjustments necessary can be made through the interpretation of existing IHL norms. As for IHRL, the protracted character of an occupation reinforces the importance of respecting and applying human rights. It cannot, however, be invoked in order to influence the interpretation of the notion of a state of emergency leading to the adoption of derogations from IHRL rules.
Determining the beginning and end of an occupation under international humanitarian law
Authors: Ferraro Tristan 
Published: December 2012

AbstractInternational humanitarian law (IHL) does not provide a precise definition of the notion of occupation, nor does it propose clear-cut standards for determining when an occupation starts and when its ends. This article analyses in detail the notion of occupation under IHL and its constitutive elements, and sets out a legal test for identifying when a situation qualifies as an occupation for the purposes of IHL. It concludes by suggesting an adjustment of the legal test to the specific characteristics of occupation by proxy and occupation by multinational forces.
The seismic cycle at subduction thrusts: 1. Insights from laboratory models
Authors: Corbi F. , Funiciello F. , Moroni M. , van Dinther Y. , Mai P. M. , Dalguer L. A. , Faccenna C. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractSubduction megathrust earthquakes occur at the interface between the subducting and overriding plates. These hazardous phenomena are only partially understood because of the absence of direct observations, the restriction of the instrumental seismic record to the past century, and the limited resolution/completeness of historical to geological archives. To overcome these restrictions, modeling has become a key‐tool to study megathrust earthquakes. We present a novel model to investigate the seismic cycle at subduction thrusts using complementary analog (paper 1) and numerical (paper 2) approaches. Here we introduce a simple scaled gelatin‐on‐sandpaper setup including realistic tectonic loading, spontaneous rupture nucleation, and viscoelastic response of the lithosphere. Particle image velocimetry allows to derive model deformation and earthquake source parameters. Analog earthquakes are characterized by “quasi‐periodic” recurrence. Consistent with elastic theory, the interseismic stage shows rearward motion, subsidence in the outer wedge and uplift of the “coastal area” as a response of locked plate interface at shallow depth. The coseismic stage exhibits order of magnitude higher velocities and reversal of the interseismic deformation pattern in the seaward direction, subsidence of the coastal area, and uplift in the outer wedge. Like natural earthquakes, analog earthquakes generally nucleate in the deeper portion of the rupture area and preferentially propagate upward in a crack‐like fashion. Scaled rupture width‐slip proportionality and seismic moment‐duration scaling verifies dynamic similarities with earthquakes. Experimental repeatability is statistically verified. Comparing analog results with natural observations, we conclude that this technique is suitable for investigating the parameter space influencing the subduction interplate seismic cycle.
Processes of breaking of large‐amplitude unsteady lee waves leading to turbulence
Authors: Abe S. , Nakamura T. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe transition to turbulence after excitation of large‐amplitude (~200 m) unsteady lee waves in Amchitka Pass, Alaska, is investigated using a nonhydrostatic vertically two‐dimensional model with realistic topography. The model resolves motions two orders smaller than a large‐amplitude unsteady lee wave, which is excited in the lee of the ridge, and shows that transition processes near the ridge top and downstream of the first trough of the unsteady lee wave are different. Near the ridge top, three stages of transition are identified. In the first stage, convection begins on the upstream sides (forward wave breaking) and downstream sides (backward wave breaking) of the crests of the unsteady lee wave. In the next stage, Kelvin‐Helmholtz (KH) waves develop in regions of enhanced shear between statically unstable regions and downslope flow on the bottom. In the last stage, Tollmien‐Schlichting (TS) waves develop on the bottom, under the KH waves, and form vortices, which finally break down. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to report on the occurrence of backward wave breaking and the possibility of TS wave excitation in the ocean. Downstream of the first trough of the unsteady lee wave, flow is separated from the bottom by an adverse pressure gradient attributed to the unsteady lee wave. The separated flow forms vortices, which are shed quasi‐periodically. Diapycnal mixing is enhanced by the development of KH and TS waves and flow separation, as well as by convection due to overturning isopycnals induced by the unsteady lee wave.