bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of heparin mediated growth factor release from tissue‐engineered constructs for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Leong Natalie L. , Arshi Armin , Kabir Nima , Nazemi Azadeh , Petrigliano Frank A. , Wu Ben M. , McAllister David R. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a common injury often necessitating surgical treatment with graft reconstruction. Due to limitations associated with current graft options, there is interest in a tissue‐engineered substitute for use in ACL regeneration. While they represent an important step in translation to clinical practice, relatively few in vivo studies have been performed to evaluate tissue‐engineered ACL grafts. In the present study, we immobilized heparin onto electrospun polycaprolactone scaffolds as a means of incorporating basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) onto the scaffold. In vitro, we demonstrated that human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs) cultured on bFGF‐coated scaffolds had significantly greater cell proliferation. In vivo, we implanted electrospun polycaprolactone grafts with and without bFGF into athymic rat knees. We analyzed the regenerated ACL using histological methods up to 16 weeks post‐implantation. Hematoxylin and eosin staining demonstrated infiltration of the grafts with cells, and picrosirius red staining demonstrated aligned collagen fibers. At 16 weeks postop, mechanical testing of the grafts demonstrated that the grafts had approximately 30% the maximum load to failure of the native ACL. However, there were no significant differences observed between the graft groups with or without heparin‐immobilized bFGF. While this study demonstrates the potential of a regenerative medicine approach to treatment of ACL rupture, it also demonstrates that in vitro results do not always predict what will occur in vivo. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:229–236, 2015.
Peri‐operative epidural may not be the preferred form of analgesia in select patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Axelrod Trevor M. , Mendez Bernardino M. , Abood Gerard J. , Sinacore James M. , Aranha Gerard V. , Shoup Margo 
Published: October 2014

Background and ObjectivesEpidural analgesia has become the preferred method of pain management for major abdominal surgery. However, the superior form of analgesia for pancreaticoduodenecomy (PD), with regard to non‐analgesic outcomes, has been debated. In this study, we compare outcomes of epidural and intravenous analgesia for PD and identify pre‐operative factors leading to early epidural discontinuation.MethodsA retrospective review was performed on 163 patients undergoing PD between 2007 and 2011. We performed regression analyses to measure the predictive success of two groups of analgesia on morbidity and mortality and to identify predictors of epidural failure.ResultsIntravenous analgesia alone was given to 14 (9%) patients and 149 patients (91%) received epidural analgesia alone or in conjunction with intravenous analgesia. Morbidity and mortality were not significantly different between the two groups. Early epidural discontinuation was necessary in 22 patients (15%). Those older than 72 and with a BMI < 20 (n = 5) had their epidural discontinued in 80% of cases compared to 12% not meeting these criteria. However, early epidural discontinuation was not associated with increased morbidity and mortality.ConclusionEpidural analgesia may be contraindicated in elderly, underweight patients undergoing PD given their increased risk of epidural‐induced hypotension or malfunction. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:306–310. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Perineural invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Quantitative subcategorisation of perineural invasion and prognostication
Authors: Aivazian Karina , Ebrahimi Ardalan , Low Tsu‐Hui (Hubert) , Gao Kan , Clifford Anthony , Shannon Kerwin , Clark Jonathan R. , Gupta Ruta 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundEvidence regarding the prognostic value of perineural invasion (PNI) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and whether PNI alone warrants consideration of adjuvant therapy is controversial. We evaluated whether histopathological sub‐categorization of PNI improves risk stratification.MethodsPNI was evaluated for nerve size, number of foci, and distance from the tumor in 318 OSCC patients. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed, with local failure (LF) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) as the primary endpoints.ResultsPNI did not influence prognosis when classified as absent versus present. In contrast, multifocal PNI was associated with LF (P = 0.049) and decreased DSS (P = 0.043) on multivariable analyses. The size of the involved nerve separated those with multifocal PNI into intermediate (<1 mm) and high‐risk (≥1 mm) groups. Unifocal PNI and distance from the tumor did not influence prognosis. Multifocal PNI was associated with worse prognosis irrespective of post‐operative radiotherapy (PORT).ConclusionsMultifocal PNI is associated with poor outcomes even with PORT suggesting consideration of therapeutic escalation, particularly with involved nerves ≥1 mm. Unifocal PNI did not affect prognosis even in the absence of PORT, which may not be required if this is the sole risk factor. Prospective validation and testing of these hypotheses is essential before implementation. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:352–358. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nanocomposites of Phosphonic‐Acid‐Functionalized Polyethylenes with Inorganic Quantum Dots
Authors: Rünzi Thomas , Baier Moritz C. , Negele Carla , Krumova Marina , Mecking Stefan 
Published: November 2014

Insertion of diethyl vinyl phosphonates and free vinyl phosphonic acid, respectively, into [(P^O)Pd(Me)(dmso)] ((P^O) =κ2‐P,O‐Ar2PC6H4SO2O with Ar = 2‐MeOC6H4) (1‐dmso) occurs in a 2,1‐ as well as 1,2‐fashion, to form a four‐and a five‐membered chelate [(P^O)Pd{κ2‐C,O‐CH(P(O)(OR)2)CH2CH3}] and [(P^O)Pd{κ2‐C,O‐CH2CH(P(O)(OR)2)CH3}] (R = H, Et). No decomposition or other reactions of 1 by free phosphonic acid moieties occur. Copolymerization in a pressure reactor by 1‐dmso yields linear random poly(ethylene‐co‐diethyl vinyl phosphonate) and poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl phosphonic acid). In these copolymerizations, reversible coordination of the phosphonate moieties of free monomer as well as chelate formation by incorporated monomer retards chain growth as also evidenced by relative binding studies of diethyl phosphonate towards 1. Post‐polymerization emulsification of poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl phosphonic acid) together with CdSe/CdS quantum dots (QDs) yields submicron (ca. 50 nm from dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)) polymer particles with the QDs embedded in the functionalized polyethylene in a nonaggregated fashion. This embedding benefits the fluorescence behavior in terms of continuous emission and life‐time as revealed by wide‐field fluorescence measurements. These composite particle dispersions are employed as a ″masterbatch” together with an aqueous high density polyethylene (HDPE) dispersion to generate thin films (by spin‐coating) and bulk materials (from the melt), respectively, in which the inorganic nanoparticles remain highly disperse.
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Flexible longitudinal magnetization contrast in spectrally overlapped 3D‐MSI metal artifact reduction sequences: Technical considerations and clinical impact
Authors: Koch Kevin M. , Koff Matthew F. , Shah Parina H. , Kanwischer Adriana , Gui Dawei , Potter Hollis G. 
Published: November 2014

PurposeIt has previously been demonstrated that increased overlap of spectral bins in three‐dimensional multispectral imaging techniques (3D‐MSI) can aid in reducing residual artifacts near metal implants. However, increasing spectral overlap also necessitates consideration of saturation effects for species with long T1 values. Here, an interleaved spectral bin acquisition strategy is presented for overlapping 3D‐MSI that allows for flexible choice of repetition times while simultaneously addressing these cross talk concerns.MethodsA phantom imaging experiment is used to illustrate the amplified effect of cross talk on 3D‐MSI acquisitions. A methodological approach to address cross talk across a variety of prescribed repetition times is then described. Using the presented principles, a clinical subject with a total hip replacement was imaged to generate T1, proton density, and short‐tau inversion recovery contrasts. In addition, a fracture instrumentation case was imaged pre‐ and postcontrast using T1‐weighted spectrally overlapped 3D‐MSI.ResultsPhantom results demonstrate that conventional spectral interleaving approaches can generate unwanted signal characteristics in heavily overlapped 3D‐MSI. Clinical images using the presented methods successfully demonstrate T1, proton density, and inversion recovery image contrasts using heavily overlapped 3D‐MSI.ConclusionsThrough automated management of spectral bin distributions across multiple interleaves, a variety of longitudinal magnetization contrasts can efficiently be acquired without any clinically relevant cross‐talk impact using heavily overlapped 3D‐MSI. Magn Reson Med 74:1349–1355, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Distributed MPC for urban traffic networks: A simulation‐based performance analysis
Authors: de Souza Felipe Augusto , Camponogara Eduardo , Kraus Werner , Peccin Vinícius Berndsen 
Published: October 2014

SUMMARYThe operation of urban traffic networks with distributed model predictive control (DMPC) can be more flexible than centralized strategies because DMPC allows for graceful expansion of the control infrastructure, localized reconfiguration, and tolerance to faulty operation. Yet, computational performance is less efficient than with centralized model predictive control (MPC) because of the added complexity brought about by distribution schemes. To assess the trade‐off between flexibility and performance, in this paper we assess the tolerance to failure and performance of DMPC in contrast with centralized control. The problem of concern is the signal setting of green time in a representative traffic network modeled in a commercial microscopic traffic simulator. A software tool is developed for implementing and simulating the DMPC framework in tandem with the simulator. Comparisons of DMPC with MPC and a baseline feedback control strategy that does not use constrained optimization show that DMPC can achieve performance gains with respect to the baseline case and enhance tolerance to failure. Computations for DMPC are less efficient than with centralized MPC; nevertheless, the time taken by DMPC is well below the required for field use. Although the true distributed deployment of DMPC requires special hardware, its implementation in a central cluster can be made without loss of operational flexibility. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative study of multiwalled carbon nanotube/polyethylene composites produced via different techniques
Authors: Kazakova M. A. , Kuznetsov V. L. , Semikolenova N. V. , Moseenkov S. I. , Krasnikov D. V. , Matsko M. A. , Ishchenko A. V. , Zakharov V. A. , Romanenko A. I. , Anikeeva O. B. , Tkachev E. N. , Suslyaev V. I. , Zhuravlev V. A. , Dorozkin K. V. 
Published: October 2014

A comparative study of multiwalled carbon nanotube/polyethylene (MWCNT/PE) composites produced by different methods (thermal mechanical mixing, coagulation precipitation technique and in situ ethylene polymerization with a Ziegler–Natta catalyst supported on MWCNTs) has been performed. The morphology and structure of the produced composites were investigated by optical, scanning and transmission electron microscopies. MWCNT incorporation into PE matrix results in the change of conductivity mechanism from conductivity typical of a system with local disorder and effects of weak interaction of electrons (quantum correction to conductivity) to conductivity that can be described within the theory of Coulomb blockade or quasi‐one‐dimensional variable‐range hopping conductivity with variable length of hops (Mott's law) between localized states. The electromagnetic (EM) response of composites was investigated in a broadband region (118–510 GHz). It was found that the dielectric properties of MWCNT/PE composites correlate with their electrophysical properties determined by the MWCNT distribution within the polymer matrix. Typical TEM image of MWCNT in polyethylene matrix. Distance between nanotubes filled with PE varies within a wide range
Improved conditional differential cryptanalysis
Authors: Zhang Kai , Guan Jie , Fei Xuliang 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn lightweight cryptographic primitives, non‐linear feedback shift registers (NFSR) are widely used nowadays. At ASIACRYPT 2010, conditional differential cryptanalysis was proposed to analyze NFSR‐based cryptosystems. To get better result, we propose an improved version of this attack. We apply this new method to analyze the security of lightweight hash functions QUARK family of ciphers, including the recently proposed C‐QUARK. Using the new method, for an advantage of 0.68, our results for U‐QUARK, D‐QUARK, S‐QUARK, and subsequently C‐QUARK are, respectively, 121(22)/131(213)/153(218),143(22)/154(212)/159(222),216 (22)/236(218)/248(224),421(22)/436(214)/445(220), whereas a(b) means that with data complexity b, we can attack a rounds of the cipher. All these results are first cryptanalytic results known thus far for QUARK family of ciphers and have been achieved by experiment in practical time. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preoperative Predictors of Postoperative Opioid Usage, Pain Scores, and Referral to a Pain Management Service in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Banka Trevor R. , Ruel Allison , Fields Kara , YaDeau Jacques , Westrich Geoffrey 
Published: October 2014

Background Little is known about preoperative predictors of postoperative pain and referral to a recuperative pain management service after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Questions/Purposes We sought to identify the preoperative predictors of postoperative pain scores, referral to a pain management service, and narcotic usage in patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty. Methods We performed a prospective cohort study of 97 TKAs from a single surgeon. Pre and 6-week postoperative WOMAC, visual analog pain scale (VAS) scores, narcotic usage, and catastrophizing pain scores were collected. Results After adjusting for all other variables, higher age and catastrophizing pain scores were associated with lower odds of postoperative opioid usage. Increasing age and BMI were associated with lower odds of being referred to pain management. There was no relationship between self-reported preoperative pain tolerance and postoperative change in WOMAC or VAS pain scores. Conclusions This information may help surgeons advise their patients preoperatively and set expectations during the recovery period.
On the Intended and Unintended Consequences of Enhanced U.S. Border and Interior Immigration Enforcement: Evidence From Mexican Deportees
Authors: Amuedo-Dorantes Catalina , Pozo Susan 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Since about 2000, a number of federal and state policies have been implemented in the United States with the intention of stemming the flow of illegal immigration. In this article, we focus on two initiatives: (1) Operation Streamline, as an example of increased border enforcement by the federal government; and (2) state-level omnibus immigration laws, as an illustration of enhanced interior enforcement by state governments. We investigate whether these policies have reduced the intentions of deported Mexican immigrants to attempt a new unauthorized crossing. Although state-level omnibus immigration laws reduce the proportion of deportees intending to attempt a new crossing, increased border enforcement has proven to be far less effective. In addition, we ascertain the human costs associated with these policies. Our findings are mixed in this regard. Noteworthy is how the adoption of more stringent interior enforcement seems to result in a “herding” or “ganging-up” effect, whereby the incidence of verbal and physical abuse rises with the number of states enacting such measures. Additionally, our estimates suggest that deportees are more likely to respond that they have risked their lives to cross into the United States as a result of enhanced border enforcement.
“First Things First”: Images for a Proper Nuchal Translucency in the First Trimester 11–13+6 Weeks Scan
Authors: Ratha Chinmayee , Khurana Ashok 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis section of articles will concentrate on the technical aspects of imaging in fetal medicine. The “First Things First” series will deal with all aspects of the nuchal translucency (NT) scan, one at a time, in the current and forthcoming issues of the Journal. The present article aims at summarizing the ideal protocol for the measurement of the fetal NT at the 11–13+6 weeks scan based on the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF), UK guidelines and some practical tips for beginners.
Embryological exposure to valproic acid disrupts morphology of the deep cerebellar nuclei in a sexually dimorphic way
Authors: Mowery Todd M. , Wilson Sarah M. , Kostylev Polina V. , Dina Blair , Buchholz Jennifer B. , Prieto Anne L. , Garraghty Preston E. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAutism spectrum disorders (ASD) is diagnosed in males at a much higher rate than females. For this reason, the majority of autism research has used male subjects exclusively. However; more recent studies using genetic sex as a factor find that the development of the male and female brain is differentially affected by ASD. That is, the natural sex‐specific differences that exist between male and female brains lead to sexually dimorphic expressions of autism. Here we investigate the putative sexual dimorphism that exists in the deep cerebellar nuclei of male and female rats exposed to valproic acid (VPA) on embryological day 12.5. We find natural sex‐specific differences in adult nucleus area, length, and estimated cell populations. Therefore VPA exposure during embryology creates some sex‐specific deficits such as higher cell counts in the VPA males and lower cell counts in the VPA females. At the same time, some effects of VPA exposure occur regardless of sex. That is, smaller nucleus area and length lead to truncated nuclei in both VPA males and females. These deficits are more pronounced in the VPA males suggesting that genetic sex could play a role in teratogenic susceptibility to VPA. Taken together our results suggests that VPA exposure induces sexually dimorphic aberrations in morphological development along a mediolateral gradient at a discrete region of the hindbrain approximate to rhombomere (R) 1 and 2. Sex‐specific disruption of the local and long‐range projections emanating from this locus of susceptibility could offer a parsimonious explanation for the brain‐wide neuroanatomical variance reported in males and females with ASD.
Exostosis of the Foot: Clinical Features and Outcome after Surgery
Authors: Man-Sin Ng Jessica , Fu-Keung Ip , Siu-Ho Wan , Tak-Chuen Wong , Sze-Yan Chan 
Published: October 2014

Background/Purpose There are two common diagnoses for exostosis occurring in the foot—osteochondromas and subungal exostoses. Methods A retrospective study of patients with a diagnosis of exostosis receiving surgery from 2000 to 2011 was conducted. Sixty-five patients were reviewed. Fourteen cases of exostosis on the foot were identified. Results Out of fourteen cases of exostosis on the foot, nine had a subungal location and five were located on the foot. Four out of five cases on the foot showed histology of hyaline cartilage cap while fibro-cartilage was shown in seven out of nine cases with lesions on the toes. In cases of subungal exostosis, excision was done via a transungal approach or wedge excision. Surgical outcome was satisfactory in terms of improvement in pain, cosmetic concern, and functional disturbance. Conclusion Osteochondroma and subungal exostosis are not uncommonly encountered diagnoses for bony outgrowths occurring over the foot region. Surgical outcome was satisfactory.
Developments in Tau PET Imaging
Authors: Zimmer Eduardo Rigon , Leuzy Antoine , Gauthier Serge , Rosa-Neto Pedro 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTThe presence of neurofibrillary tangles in the brain is a hallmark feature of several neurodegenerative diseases termed “tauopathies,” including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and the tau molecular subgroup of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-tau). Recently, several positron emission tomography (PET) radiopharmaceuticals targeting abnormal conformations of the tau protein have been developed. To date, six novel tau imaging agents—[18F]THK523, [18F]THK5105, [18F]THK5117, [18F]T807, [18F]T808, and [11C]PBB3—have been described and are considered promising as potential tau radioligands. Tau imaging agents offer the opportunity of in vivo topographical mapping and quantification of tau aggregates in parallel with clinical and cognitive assessments. As such, tau imaging is considered of key importance for progress toward earlier and more accurate diagnosis of tauopathies as well as for the monitoring of therapeutic interventions and drug development. Here, we shed light on the most important developments in tau radiopharmaceuticals, highlighting challenges, possibilities and future directions.
Misdiagnosis of Cerebellar Infarctions
Authors: Sangha Navdeep , Albright Karen C. , Peng Hui , Vahidy Farhaan , Boehme Amelia , Chen Zhongxue , Savitz Sean I. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundThis retrospective study addresses for the first time the differences in clinical features and outcomes between those individuals with a cerebellar infarct who were correctly diagnosed on initial presentation compared to those who experienced delayed diagnosis.MethodsA retrospective review was conducted of our stroke registry from 09/2003 to 02/2011. Forty seven patients had an isolated cerebellar infarction confirmed by MRI. Misdiagnosis was defined as the diagnosis given by the first physician.ResultsAmong 47 patients identified, 59.6% had delayed diagnosis. Five patients in the correct diagnosis group received intravenous tissue plasminogen activator, compared to none in the delayed diagnosis group. Complaints of weakness were protective from delayed diagnosis (OR 0.087, 95% CI 0.019-0.393, p=0.001).ConclusionPatients with an isolated cerebellar infarction need to be considered when patients present with acute non-specific symptoms. Critical components of the neurological examination are omitted which are imperative to diagnose cerebellar infarcts. A thorough neurological examination may increase clinical suspicion of an ischemic stroke.