bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Boron‐Substituted Diaryliodonium Salts and Selective Transformation into Functionalized Aryl Boronates.
Authors: Ito Motoki , Itani Itsuki , Toyoda Yosuke , Morimoto Koji , Dohi Toshifumi , Kita Yasuyuki 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe postfunctionalization of aryl boronates using diaryliodonium salts is investigated with a view to the importance of these compounds in organic synthesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activity of Novel α‐Aminophosphonates.
Authors: Mungara Anil Kumar , Park Yong‐Ki , Lee Kap Duk 
Published: April 2013

AbstractA novel series of carbazole‐based α‐aminophosphonates (IV) (14 examples) are synthesized via a three‐component coupling reaction in PEG 400 as green reaction medium.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Studies on α,α‐Disubstituted Amino Acids Employing (2S,4R)‐4‐Hydroxyproline as the Chiral Pool: Preparation of Methyl O‐Benzyl‐2‐(α‐cyanomethyl)‐D‐tyrosinate and Dimethyl 2‐(4‐Hydroxybenzyl)‐L‐aspartate.
Authors: Nagahara Ryohei , Hisa Chihiro , Kojima Noriko , Yamamoto Naoshi , Honda Toshio 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe presented methodology provides an alternative route for the synthesis of α,α‐disubstituted α‐amino acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of cis‐ and trans‐2‐Methyl‐6‐nonylpiperidines: Alkaloids Solenopsin (V) and Isosolenopsin (IV).
Authors: Medjahdi Mohamed , Gonzalez‐Gomez Jose Carlos , Foubelo Francisco , Yus Miguel 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe hydrogenation of (III) does not work in the presence of palladium or platinum catalysts due to the sulfinyl group.
ChemInform Abstract: The First Total Synthesis of Scholareins A, C, And D Employing 2nd Generation Palladium‐Catalyzed Cycloalkenylation.
Authors: Kawai Yasufumi , Saeki Megumi , Toyota Masahiro 
Published: April 2013

Abstract(.+‐.)‐Scholareins A (V), C (IV), and D (VI) are prepared using a Pd‐catalyzed cycloalkenylation as key step.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterogeneous Catalysis by Gold
Authors: Takei Takashi , Akita Tomoki , Nakamura Isao , Fujitani Tadahiro , Okumura Misutaka , Okazaki Kazuyuki , Huang Jiahui , Ishida Tamao , Haruta Masatake 
Published: April 2013

AbstractReview: 659 refs.
Incidence of potentially human papillomavirus–related neoplasms in the United States, 1978 to 2007
Authors: Kurdgelashvili George , Dores Graça M. , Srour Samer A. , Chaturvedi Anil K. , Huycke Mark M. , Devesa Susan S. 
Published: April 2013

BACKGROUNDPopulation‐based studies comprehensively describing incidence patterns of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐related preinvasive and invasive neoplasms prior to widespread HPV vaccination are sparse.METHODSAge‐adjusted incidence rates (IRs), IR ratios (IRRs), and annual percent changes (APCs) in IRs were calculated for potentially HPV‐related tumors diagnosed in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program during 1978 through 2007.RESULTSOverall IRs for preinvasive tumors were significantly higher than for invasive squamous cell tumors of cervix (IRR = 3.42), vulva (IRR = 1.87), and vagina (IRR = 1.19) and significantly lower for adenomatous cervical tumors (IRR = 0.43), and squamous cell tumors of penis (IRR = 0.64), anus (males, IRR = 0.53; females, IRR = 0.14), and head and neck (H&N) (males, IRR = 0.01; females, IRR = 0.02). Incidence of preinvasive squamous tumors of cervix, vagina, and penis rose rapidly over time and decreased for invasive neoplasms. The most rapid increases occurred for preinvasive (males, APC = 16.0; females, APC = 7.3) and invasive anal tumors (males, APC = 3.6; females, APC = 2.3). IR patterns were generally similar among evaluable racial/ethnic groups, with the exception of H&N invasive tumor IRs which increased exclusively among white males.CONCLUSIONSContrary to the opposing trends of preinvasive and invasive squamous tumors of cervix, vagina, and penis, preinvasive and invasive anal tumor IRs increased significantly over time by sex, age, and racial/ethnic groups. Successful HPV vaccination programs are needed to measurably reduce incidence of HPV‐related neoplasms in the future, particularly for cancer sites with rising incidence rates for which effective screening modalities are limited. Cancer 2013;119:2291–2299. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Trust‐oriented QoS‐aware composite service selection based on genetic algorithms
Authors: Gao Hao , Yan Jun , Mu Yi 
Published: April 2013

SUMMARYService selection in service‐oriented computing has emerged to be an increasingly important research area. From the client's point of view, in addition to the QoS of a service or a service composition, the trust level becomes an important part. As the complexity of invocation in service composition has been greatly increased, a comprehensive mechanism, which could evaluate both the subjective aspect as trust expression and the objective aspect as QoS, is needed. In this paper, we provide a formal service composition architecture for service selection. In addition, we propose a trust evaluation method for the service composition plan based on the subjective probability theory, based on them, our trust‐oriented genetic algorithm (TOGA) is proposed to find a near‐optimal service composition plan with QoS constraints. Experimental results have illustrated that our proposed approach can discover the near‐optimal solution efficiently. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new anti‐collision algorithm for RFID tag
Authors: Zhang De‐gan , Li Guang , Pan Zhao‐hua , Liang Yan‐pin 
Published: April 2013

SUMMARYWe present a new radio frequency identification tag anti‐collision algorithm in this paper. The main idea of this algorithm is that we should find the collided bit at first, and every tag contains a register RC, which has length the same as the tag's ID length to store the conflict bit, then all the subsequent processing are based on the conflict bit. In this new algorithm, tag uses a binary pulse string to transfer data to the reader, compared with the traditional query tree‐based algorithms, which is based on the tag's ID; this new algorithm is more efficient and requires fewer read cycles for tag's identification. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Spelling Skills of French‐Speaking Dyslexic Children
Authors: Plisson Anne , Daigle Daniel , Montésinos‐Gelet Isabelle 
Published: April 2013

Learning to spell is very difficult for dyslexic children, a phenomenon explained by a deficit in processing phonological information. However, to spell correctly in an alphabetic language such as French, phonological knowledge is not enough. Indeed, the French written system requires the speller to acquire visuo‐orthographical and morphological knowledge as well. To date, the majority of studies aimed at describing dyslexic children's spelling abilities related to English and reading.The general goal of this study is to describe the spelling performance, from an explanatory perspective, of 26 French‐Canadian dyslexic children, aged 9 to 12 years. The specific goals are to describe the spelling performances of these pupils in the context of free production and to compare them with the performances of 26 normally achieving children matched on age (CA) and with those of 29 younger normally achieving children matched on reading age (RA). To do so, errors were classified according to phonological, visuo‐orthographical and morphological properties of French written words. The results indicate that the dyslexic group scored lower than the CA group but sometimes also lower than the RA group. The results are discussed according to the types of knowledge required to spell correctly in French. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sacriﬁcial microchannel sealing by glass‐frit reﬂow for chip scale atomic magnetometer
Authors: Tsujimoto Kazuya , Hirai Yoshikazu , Sugano Koji , Tsuchiya Toshiyuki , Tabata Osamu 
Published: April 2013

AbstractA novel sealing technique using sacriﬁcial microchannels was proposed for control of an atmosphere in a micromachined alkali metal vapor cell for a chip‐scale atomic magnetometer. The microchannels act as a feedthrough connecting the cell to the outside atmosphere during evacuation and gas ﬁlling steps, and eventually they are sealed by glass‐frit reﬂow. A silicon microchannel was designed and sealing by glass‐frit reﬂow was successfully demonstrated in reﬂow experiments. Simulation results clariﬁed the glass‐frit reﬂow characteristics and their dependence on cross‐sectional shapes of the microchannels. Hermeticity of the proposed sealing technique at a leak rate of less than 10−12 Pa·m3/s was veriﬁed by a high‐resolution helium leak test. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 96(5): 58–66, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10432
EMG/ECG acquisition system with online adjustable parameters using ZigBee wireless technology
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThis paper deals with a novel wireless biosignal acquisition system employing ZigBee wireless technology, which consists mainly of two components, an intelligent electrode and a data acquisition host. The former is the main topic of this paper. It is placed on a subject's body to amplify biosignals such as EMG or ECG and streams its data at up to 2 ksps.One of the most remarkable features of the intelligent electrode is that it can change its own parameters, both digital and analog, online. The author describes its design ﬁrst, then introduces a small, light, and low‐cost implementation of the intelligent electrode called “VAMPIRE‐BAT.” He then presents some experimental results to conﬁrm its usability and to estimate its practical performances. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 96(5): 1–10, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.11489 5
Eﬀect of oxygen gas on the decomposition of dye by pulsed discharge in water droplet spray
Authors: Nose Taisuke , Yokoyama Yuzo , Nakamura Akira , Minamitani Yasushi 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe eﬀect of O2 on the decolorization of indigo carmine and on the production of dissolved species such as \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{amsfonts}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-} , \mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-} $ \end{document}, O3, and H2O2 in the treatment water by pulsed discharges in a water droplet spray was investigated by controlling the O2/N2 ratios as carrier gases in the reactor. The decolorization rate gradually increased with a rise in the O2 ratio, which reached a constant value in the range of 50 to 90% for the O2 ratio and decreased in pure O2. The maximum value was about two times that of 20% for the O2 ratio. The decolorization eﬃciency was not aﬀected by the gas ﬂow rate in the range of 4 to 50 L/min. \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{amsfonts}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-} $ \end{document} in the treatment water was detected only in pure N2, but \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{amsfonts}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-} $ \end{document} was produced in O2/N2. \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{amsfonts}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-} $ \end{document} added to the treatment water was not oxidized in pure N2, but was perfectly converted to \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{amsfonts}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-} $ \end{document} in O2/N2. These results implied that the hydroxyl radicals produced in the gas phase do not directly contribute to the oxidation of substances in water. The O3 concentration gradually increased with a rise in the O2 ratio, whereas the H2O2 concentration decreased. In the range of 50 to 80% for the O2 ratio, the O3 and H2O2 concentrations stayed at approximately constant values, similar to the trend of the decolorization rate. The rate constants for various gas mixing ratios for O2/N2 were determined from a kinetic study. These results suggest that hydroxyl radicals produced in the treatment water by the chain reactions of O3 and hydroperoxy radical (HO2·) play an important role in the decomposition of molecules in water. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 183(4): 10–23, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.22284
Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of New Dinuclear Guanidinate Diimidoniobium Complexes
Authors: Elorriaga David , Carrillo‐Hermosilla Fernando , Antiñolo Antonio , López‐Solera Isabel , Fernández‐Galán Rafael , Serrano Amparo , Villaseñor Elena 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe guanidine proligands {2‐[4‐(tert‐butyl)phenyl]‐1,3‐diisopropylguanidine} (1), [2‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐1,3‐diisopropylguanidine] (2) and [2‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐1,3‐diisopropylguanidine] (3) have been prepared by guanylation of anilines with diisopropylcarbodiimide, using [MgBz2(thf)2] as the catalyst at room temperature. These proligands react with the complex {[Nb(CH2SiMe3)3(CH3CN)]2(μ‐1,4‐NC6H4N)} (4) to afford new guanidinate‐supported dialkyl niobium dinuclear complexes [{Nb(CH2SiMe3)2[(4‐tBuC6H4)N=C(NiPr)(NHiPr)]}2(μ‐1,4‐NC6H4N)] (5), [{Nb(CH2SiMe3)2[(4‐MeOC6H4)N=C(NiPr)(NHiPr)]}2(μ‐1,4‐NC6H4N)] (6) and [{Nb(CH2SiMe3)2[(4‐BrC6H4)N=C(NiPr)(NHiPr)]}2(μ‐1,4‐NC6H4N)] (7). Treatment of compounds 5–7 with 2 equiv. of 2,6‐dimethylphenyl isocyanide gave the imido bis(iminoacyl) compounds [{Nb(Me3SiCH2C=Nxylyl)2[(4‐tBuC6H4)N=C(NiPr)(NHiPr)]}2(μ‐1,4‐NC6H4N)] (8), [{Nb(Me3SiCH2C=Nxylyl)2[(4‐MeOC6H4)N=C(NiPr)(NHiPr)]}2(μ‐1,4‐NC6H4N)] (9) and [{Nb(Me3SiCH2C=Nxylyl)2[(4‐BrC6H4)N=C(NiPr)(NHiPr)]}2(μ‐1,4‐NC6H4N)] (10). The molecular structures of compound 2 and complex 9 have been determined.
Molybdenum versus Tungsten for the Epoxidation of Cyclooctene Catalyzed by [Cp*2M2O5]
Authors: Sözen‐Aktaş Pelin , Manoury Eric , Demirhan Funda , Poli Rinaldo 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe catalytic activity of [Cp*2M2O5] (M = Mo, W; Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) for the homogeneous epoxidation of a solution of cyclooctene in MeCN/toluene follows the order Mo >> W when using tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)/decane as oxidant, in contrast to the inverse order (W >> Mo) when using aqueous H2O2 as oxidant. The catalytic activity for the Mo system strongly depends on the solvent used to deliver the oxidant (TBHP/decane >> TBHP/H2O). The low activity of the W system is also decreased when using TBHP/water in place of TBHP/decane. For both metals, H2O2/H2O is a better oxidant than TBHP/H2O. However, whereas the Mo‐based catalyst is much more active for the TBHP/decane epoxidation in spite of the lower TBHP oxidizing power (TBHP/decane > H2O2/H2O > TBHP/H2O), the W‐based system is much more active for the H2O2/H2O epoxidation in spite of the negative effect of water (H2O2/H2O > TBHP/decane > TBHP/H2O). The kinetic profile of the TBHP/decane epoxidation process is affected by product inhibition. Initial rate measurements show that the rate law is first order with respect to substrate and has saturation behavior with respect to the oxidant.
Aerosol effect on climate extremes in Europe under different future scenarios
Authors: Sillmann J. , Pozzoli L. , Vignati E. , Kloster S. , Feichter J. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThis study investigates changes in extreme temperature and precipitation events under different future scenarios of anthropogenic aerosol emissions (i.e., SO2 and black and organic carbon) simulated with an aerosol‐climate model (ECHAM5‐HAM) with focus on Europe. The simulations include a maximum feasible aerosol reduction (MFR) scenario and a current legislation emission (CLEmod) scenario where Europe implements the MFR scenario, but the rest of the world follows the current legislation scenario and a greenhouse gas scenario. The strongest changes relative to the year 2000 are projected for the MFR scenario, in which the global aerosol reduction greatly enforces the general warming effect due to greenhouse gases and results in significant increases of temperature and precipitation extremes in Europe. Regional warming effects can also be identified from aerosol reductions under the CLEmodscenario. This becomes most obvious in the increase of the hottest summer daytime temperatures in Northern Europe.
Increased mass over the Tibetan Plateau: From lakes or glaciers?
Authors: Zhang Guoqing , Yao Tandong , Xie Hongjie , Kang Shichang , Lei Yanbin 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe mass balance in the Inner Tibet Plateau (ITP) derived from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) showed a positive rate that was attributed to the glacier mass gain, whereas glaciers in the region, from other field‐based studies, showed an overall mass loss. In this study, we examine lake's water level and mass changes in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and suggest that the increased mass measured by GRACE was predominately due to the increased water mass in lakes. For the 200 lakes in the TP with 4 to 7 years of ICESat data available, the mean lake level and total mass change rates were +0.14 m/yr and +4.95 Gt/yr, respectively. Compared those in the TP, 118 lakes in the ITP showed higher change rates (+0.20 m/yr and +4.28 Gt/yr), accounting for 59% area and 86% mass increase of the 200 lakes. The lake's mass increase rate in the ITP explains the 61% increased mass (~7 Gt/yr) derived from GRACE [Jacob et al., 2012], while it only accounts for 53% of the total lake area in the ITP.
Real‐time calcium measurements of live optically trapped microorganisms
Authors: Chandsawangbhuwana Charlie , Shi Linda Z. , Zhu Qingyuan , Berns Michael W. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractA system has been developed that allows for the real‐time measurement of calcium dynamics in swimming sperm. Specifically, the ratiometric dye Indo‐I is used as a fluorescent indicator of intracellular calcium dynamics. The dual emissions are collected by a high‐sensitivity back‐illuminated CCD camera coupled to a Dual‐View imaging system. From the CCD, the images are sent to a custom developed algorithm which processes the images and outputs the calcium measurements in real‐time. Additionally, sperm velocity and position data are processed and outputted in real‐time. The velocity and position data are obtained using a separate coupled red light (>670 nm) phase contrast imaging setup that does not optically interfere with the fluorescent imaging. Using this system the effects of optical trapping on calcium dynamics was determined. Optical trapping of sperm with a decaying focused laser power of 510 mW to 3 mW over 8 seconds causes a statistically insignificant change in calcium dynamics between in‐trap and out‐of‐trap conditions. Progesterone, a calcium activator, was added and sperm were trapped under the 8 second power decay conditions. Progesterone treated sperm has a statistically higher average calcium level than untreated sperm, but shows no statistical difference between progesterone treated in‐trap and out‐of‐trap conditions. Trapping at 16 seconds at 510 mW without decay, which have been shown to decrease sperm motility, shows a statistical difference between baseline pre‐trap and in‐trap intracellular calcium levels. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
On the formation of bromate and chlorate ions during electrolysis with boron doped diamond anode for seawater treatment
Authors: Vacca Annalisa , Mascia Michele , Palmas Simonetta , Mais Laura , Rizzardini Simone 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe electrochemical treatment of brackish and seawaters with boron doped diamond anodes (BDD) can be particularly suitable for the removal of microorganisms, microalgae and pollutants: the high conductivity of these waters and the high content of chloride ions can be exploited in disinfection/oxidation processes mediated by active chlorine. A correct choice of operating conditions can limit the formation of such undesired by‐products as bromate and chlorate ions.RESULTSGalvanostatic electrolyses of synthetic waters containing chloride and/or bromide ions using BDD anode were carried out both in batch and continuous mode in an undivided cell. Bromide ions were oxidized to form bromate ions with high conversion rate, while chlorate ions were found as by‐products of the oxidation of chloride ions together with active chlorine. When solutions containing Br− and Cl− were treated, the increase in the concentration of chloride up to that of seawater (20 g dm−3), hinders the formation of BrO3− and ClO3−.CONCLUSIONSThe electrochemical process with BDD anode could be applicable to the disinfection of high salinity waters: in synthetic solution simulating the composition of seawaters, high amounts of active chlorine are formed and the occurrence of bromates and chlorates is highly limited. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Comparison of free‐breathing with navigator‐controlled acquisition regimes in abdominal diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance images: Effect on ADC and IVIM statistics
Authors: Jerome Neil P. , Orton Matthew R. , d'Arcy James A. , Collins David J. , Koh Dow‐Mu , Leach Martin O. 
Published: April 2013

PurposeTo evaluate the effect on diffusion‐weighted image‐derived parameters in the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and intra‐voxel incoherent motion (IVIM) models from choice of either free‐breathing or navigator‐controlled acquisition.Materials and MethodsImaging was performed with consent from healthy volunteers (n = 10) on a 1.5T Siemens Avanto scanner. Parameter‐matched free‐breathing and navigator‐controlled diffusion‐weighted images were acquired, without averaging in the console, for a total scan time of ∼10 minutes. Regions of interest were drawn for renal cortex, renal pyramid, whole kidney, liver, spleen, and paraspinal muscle. An ADC diffusion model for these regions was fitted for b‐values ≥ 250 s/mm2, using a Levenberg‐Marquardt algorithm, and an IVIM model was fitted for all images using a Bayesian method.ResultsADC and IVIM parameters from the two acquisition regimes show no significant differences for the cohort; individual cases show occasional discrepancies, with outliers in parameter estimates arising more commonly from navigator‐controlled scans. The navigator‐controlled acquisitions showed, on average, a smaller range of movement for the kidneys (6.0 ± 1.4 vs. 10.0 ± 1.7 mm, P = 0.03), but also a smaller number of averages collected (3.9 ± 0.1 vs. 5.5 ± 0.2, P < 0.01) in the allocated time.ConclusionNavigator triggering offers no advantage in fitted diffusion parameters, whereas free‐breathing appears to offer greater confidence in fitted diffusion parameters, with fewer outliers, for matched acquisition periods. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;39:235–240. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.