bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of clinical and radiomic parameters in patients with liver metastases from uveal melanoma
Authors: Lever Mael , Bogner Simon , Giousmas Melina , Mairinger Fabian D. , Baba Hideo A. , Richly Heike , Gromke Tanja , Schuler Martin , Bechrakis Nikolaos E. , Kalkavan Halime 
Published: July 2024

AbstractApproximately every second patient with uveal melanoma develops distant metastases, with the liver as the predominant target organ. While the median survival after diagnosis of distant metastases is limited to a year, yet‐to‐be‐defined subgroups of patients experience a more favorable outcome. Therefore, prognostic biomarkers could help identify distinct risk groups to guide patient counseling, therapeutic decision‐making, and stratification of study populations. To this end, we retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 101 patients with newly diagnosed hepatic metastases from uveal melanoma by using Cox‐Lasso regression machine learning, adapted to a high‐dimensional input parameter space. We show that substantial binary risk stratification can be performed, based on (i) clinical and laboratory parameters, (ii) measures of quantitative overall hepatic tumor burden, and (iii) radiomic parameters. Yet, combining two or all three domains failed to improve prognostic separation of patients. Additionally, we identified highly relevant clinical parameters (including lactate dehydrogenase, thrombocyte counts, aspartate transaminase, and the metastasis‐free interval) at first diagnosis of metastatic disease as predictors for time‐to‐treatment failure and overall survival. Taken together, the risk stratification models, built by our machine‐learning algorithm, identified a comparable and independent prognostic value of clinical, radiological, and radiomic parameters in uveal melanoma patients with hepatic metastases.
Norovirus Management and Outcomes in a Multicenter Pediatric Kidney Transplant Population
Authors: Engen Rachel M. , Keyser Michelle , Jiang Ziou , Kizilbash Sarah 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundNorovirus is the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis. Studies in adult kidney recipients have documented significant morbidity associated with norovirus infection, but there are few studies in pediatric recipients.MethodsMulticenter retrospective cohort study of pediatric kidney transplant recipients with norovirus, confirmed by stool PCR, between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2018. Outcomes of interest included duration of diarrhea, incidence of chronic diarrhea, management strategies, and graft function.ResultsForty pediatric kidney transplant recipients from four centers were identified for inclusion. Median age at transplant was 5.4 years (IQR 2.2–11.2 years), and median time post‐transplant was 1.9 years (IQR 0.8–3.8 years). Median diarrheal duration was 16 days (IQR 6.0–41.5 days); 15 patients (43%) had acute diarrhea, 8 (23%) had persistent, and 12 (30%) had chronic diarrhea. Twenty‐one (53%) patients developed acute kidney injury. Thirty‐five (88%) patients required supplemental fluids, 8 (20%) patients underwent immunosuppression reduction for a median of 22 days, 5 (13%) were treated with nitazoxanide, and 5 (13%) received oral immunoglobulin. Acute rejection was diagnosed in 3 (8%) patients within 6 months of norovirus diagnosis. We observed no sustained decline in eGFR at 12 months after diarrhea resolution (median eGFR difference: 2.8 mL/min/1.73 m2 [IQR: −17.1, 7.4]). Of the patients in the cohort, two lost their graft at 6.8 and 30.0 months after the onset of diarrhea.ConclusionNorovirus is associated with significant morbidity in pediatric kidney transplant recipients. Various treatment interventions are being employed for norovirus infection. Larger studies, both observational and interventional, are needed to determine the optimal treatment.
Autopsy case of linear nevus sebaceous syndrome with KRAS (G12D) mutation
Authors: Ohishi Akira , Enomoto Yasunori , Iwafuchi Hideto , Meguro Shiori , Kosugi Isao , Baba Satoshi , Iwashita Toshihide , Segawa Yuki , Ueno Daizo , Iijima Shigeo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLinear nevus sebaceous syndrome (LNSS) is a neurocutaneous syndrome associated with systemic complications that involve multiple organs, including the skin, central nervous system, eyes, and skeleton. LNSS is considered to be caused by mosaic RAS gene mutation. In this report, we present an autopsy case of LNSS in a Japanese boy. The affected neonate had hydrops fetalis and was born at 28 weeks and 4 days of gestation, weighing 2104 g. He had bilateral inverted eyelids, verrucous linear nevus separated along Blaschko's line, myocardial hypertrophy, and pharyngeal constriction, and underwent intensive treatment in NICU for arrhythmia, hydrocephalus, and respiratory distress. The hydrocephalus progressed gradually and he died at the age of 181 days, 12 days after a sudden cardiac arrest and recovery. KRAS G12D mutation was found in a skin biopsy specimen but not in blood cells, suggesting a postzygotic mosaicism. Autopsy revealed novel pathological findings related to LNSS, including intracranial lipomatous hamartoma and mesenteric lymphangioma, in addition to previously reported findings such as multicystic dysplastic kidney. There was the limited expression of mutated KRAS protein in kidneys.
Do actions structure auditory memory? Action‐based event segmentation effects on sensory responses, pupil dilation and sequential memory
Authors: Font‐Alaminos Marta , Paraskevoudi Nadia , Costa‐Faidella Jordi , SanMiguel Iria 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOur actions shape our everyday experience: what we experience, how we perceive, and remember it are deeply affected by how we interact with the world. Performing an action to deliver a stimulus engages neurophysiological processes which are reflected in the modulation of sensory and pupil responses. We hypothesized that these processes shape memory encoding, parsing the experience by grouping self‐ and externally generated stimuli into differentiated events. Participants encoded sound sequences, in which either the first or last few sounds were self‐generated and the rest externally generated. We tested recall of the sequential order of sounds that had originated from the same (within event) or different sources (across events). Memory performance was not higher for within‐event sounds, suggesting that actions did not structure the memory representation. However, during encoding, we observed the expected electrophysiological response attenuation for self‐generated sounds, together with increased pupil dilation triggered by actions. Moreover, at the boundary between events, physiological responses to the first sound from the new source were influenced by the direction of the source switch. Our results suggest that introducing actions creates a stronger contextual shift than removing them, even though actions do not directly contribute to memory performance. This study contributes to our understanding of how interacting with sensory input shapes experiences by exploring the relationships between action effects on sensory responses, pupil dilation, and memory encoding. Importantly, it challenges the notion of a meaningful contribution from low‐level neurophysiological mechanisms associated with action execution in the modulation of the self‐generation effect.
Nonlinear systems of PDEs admitting infinite‐dimensional Lie algebras and their connection with Ricci flows
Authors: Cherniha Roman , King John R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA wide class of two‐component evolution systems is constructed admitting an infinite‐dimensional Lie algebra. Some examples of such systems that are relevant to reaction–diffusion systems with cross‐diffusion are highlighted. It is shown that a nonlinear evolution system related to the Ricci flow on warped product manifold, which has been extensively studied by several authors, follows from the above‐mentioned class as a very particular case. The Lie symmetry properties of this system and its natural generalization are identified and a wide range of exact solutions is constructed using the Lie symmetry obtained. Moreover, a special case is identified when the system in question is reducible to the fast diffusion equation in one space dimension. Finally, another class of two‐component evolution systems with an infinite‐dimensional Lie symmetry that possess essentially different structures is presented.
Identifying latent classes of suicidal ambivalence: Associations with suicide risk correlates and outcomes
Authors: Mitchell Sean , Marvin Cole , Mitaj Dea , Rogers Megan L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionResearch has largely conceptualized suicidal ambivalence as the difference between one's wish to live and wish to die without fully considering other suicide ideation (SI) experiences included on measures like the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSS). We utilized BSS items to identify SI latent classes and examined relevant correlates and outcomes.MethodsWe collected self‐report data from two samples of US adults who: (1) self‐identified as LGBTQ+ (N = 349; cross‐sectional) and (2) self‐reported past‐week SI (BSS score ≥ 11; N = 133; 3 timepoints).ResultsLatent class analyses supported three‐class (Sample 1) and four‐class solutions (Sample 2), which included ambivalent classes. In Sample 1, sexual orientation, gender, depression, anxiety, SI, and suicide‐specific rumination were concurrently associated with class membership. In Sample 2, depression, SI, suicide‐specific rumination, and physical/psychological distance from suicide methods were concurrently associated with class membership. In Sample 2, at both follow‐ups, suicide plans/preparations and Acute Suicidal Affective Disturbance symptom frequencies were provided by class membership, and suicidal intent significantly differed by class membership.ConclusionsSI classes differed by sample and evidenced nuances in SI and suicidal ambivalence. Risk factors and suicide‐related outcomes also differed by class membership. Implications and limitations are discussed.
Diabetes, glycemic profile and risk of vitiligo: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Hu Shucheng , Che Yuhui , Cai Jiaying , Chen Siyan , Gao Ruifan , Huang Xiaopeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroudPrevious observational studies have shown that vitiligo usually co‐manifests with a variety of dysglycemic diseases, such as Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to further evaluate the causal association between fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), T1DM, T2DM and vitiligo.Materials and methodsWe used aggregated genome‐wide association data from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) online database of European adults vitiligo; HbA1c data were from IEU. Fasting blood glucose data were obtained from the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI). T1DM and T2DM data were from FinnGen. We used bidirectional two‐sample and multivariate MR analyses to test whether dysglycemic measures (fasting blood glucose, HbA1c), diabetes‐related measures (T1DM, T2DM) are causatively associated with vitiligo. Inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was used as the main test method, MR‐Egger, Weighted mode and Weighted median were used as supplementary methods.ResultsWe found no statistically significant evidence to support a causal association between dysglycemic traits and vitiligo, but in the correlation analysis of diabetic traits, our data supported a positive causal association between T1DM and vitiligo (p = 0.018). In the follow‐up multivariate MR analysis, our results still supported this conclusion (p = 0.016), and suggested that HbA1c was not a mediator of T1DM affecting the pathogenesis of vitiligo. No reverse causality was found in any of the reverse MR Analyses of dysglycemic traits and diabetic traits.ConclusionsOur findings support that T1DM is a risk factor for the development of vitiligo, and this conclusion may explain why the co‐presentation of T1DM and vitiligo is often seen in observational studies. Clinical use of measures related to T1DM may be a new idea for the prevention or treatment of vitiligo.
Buruli ulcer, tuberculosis and leprosy: Exploring the One Health dimensions of three most prevalent mycobacterial diseases: A narrative review
Authors: Spiliopoulos Orestis , Solomos Zisimangelos , Puchner Karl Philipp 
Published: July 2024

AbstractΟbjectivesAlthough Buruli ulcer, tuberculosis, and leprosy are the three most common mycobacterial diseases, One Health dimensions of these infections remain poorly understood. This narrative review aims at exploring the scientific literature with respect to the presence of animal reservoir(s) and other environmental sources for the pathogens of these infections, their role in transmission to humans and the research on/practical implementation of One Health relevant control efforts.MethodsThe literature review was conducted using the online databases PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest and Google Scholar, reviewing articles that were written in English in the last 15 years. Grey literature, published by intergovernmental agencies, was also reviewed.ResultsFor the pathogen of Buruli ulcer, evidence suggests possums as a possible animal reservoir and thus having an active role in disease transmission to humans. Cattle and some wildlife species are deemed as established animal reservoirs for tuberculosis pathogens, with a non‐negligible proportion of infections in humans being of zoonotic origin. Armadillos constitute an established animal reservoir for leprosy pathogens with the transmission of the disease from armadillos to humans being deemed possible. Lentic environments, soil and other aquatic sources may represent further abiotic reservoirs for viable Buruli ulcer and leprosy pathogens infecting humans. Ongoing investigation and implementation of public health measures, targeting (sapro)zoonotic transmission can be found in all three diseases.ConclusionBuruli ulcer, tuberculosis and leprosy exhibit important yet still poorly understood One Health aspects. Despite the microbiological affinity of the respective causative mycobacteria, considerable differences in their animal reservoirs, potential environmental sources and modes of zoonotic transmission are being observed. Whether these differences reflect actual variations between these diseases or rather knowledge gaps remains unclear. For improved disease control, further investigation of zoonotic aspects of all three diseases and formulation of One Health relevant interventions is urgently needed.
Stored platelet hemostatic phenotype and function is not altered when donors are on testosterone replacement therapy
Authors: Chitrakar Alisha , Bean Scott‐Wesley M. , Kanias Tamir , Thomas Kimberly A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundCritical shortages in the national blood supply have led to a re‐evaluation of previously overlooked donor sources for blood products. As a part of that effort, red blood cells collected from therapeutic phlebotomy of donors on testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) have been conditionally approved for transfusion. However, platelets from TRT donors are not currently approved for use due to limited data on effects of supraphysiologic testosterone on recipient safety and platelet function. The objective of this study was to provide a comprehensive profile of phenotype and function in platelets from TRT and control donors.Study Design and MethodsPlatelets in plasma were collected from TRT and control donors (N = 10 per group; age‐ and sex‐matched) and stored at room temperature for 7 days. On storage Day 1 (D1) and Day 7 (D7), platelet products were analyzed for platelet count, metabolic parameters (i.e., glucose, lactate, mitochondrial function), surface receptor expression, aggregation, thrombin generation, and thrombus formation under physiological flow conditions.ResultsTRT donor platelets were not significantly different than control donor platelets in terms of count, surface phenotype, metabolic function, ability to aggregate, thrombin generation, or ability to form occlusive thrombus under arterial flow regimes. Both groups were similar to each other by D7, but had significantly lost hemostatic function compared to D1.DiscussionPlatelets derived from donors undergoing TRT have similar phenotypic and functional profiles compared to those derived from control donors. This suggests that therapeutic phlebotomy of TRT donors may provide a useful source for platelet products.
Absolute and size‐adjusted trade flows: An analysis of RTAs and GATT/WTO membership
Authors: Braithwaite Samuel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper contributes to the debate on whether membership of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade/World Trade Organisation (GATT/WTO) promotes greater levels of international trade. A size‐adjusted measure of trade flows vis‐á‐vis absolute trade flows (the traditional dependent variable) is used. The size‐adjusted trade flows dependent variable reduces the importance of bilateral trade with larger countries yielding a greater balance between large and small trade partners and provides an opportunity to test the importance of membership of the GATT/WTO relative to the numerous regional trade agreements (RTAs) which have grown exponentially over the years. In keeping with the recent literature, a structural gravity model of trade framework is used with a Poisson pseudo‐maximum‐likelihood estimator and high dimensional fixed effects. Furthermore, the data set consists of both international and intra‐national (domestic) trade flows. In the case of both approaches (size‐adjusted and absolute trade flows) the results are statistically significant and positive as regards the impact of GATT/WTO membership and RTAs on trade flows. Furthermore, the estimates resulting from size‐adjusted trade flows maintain the greater importance of GATT/WTO membership relative to RTAs.
Subrank and optimal reduction of scalar multiplications to generic tensors
Authors: Derksen Harm , Makam Visu , Zuiddam Jeroen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe subrank of a tensor measures how much a tensor can be diagonalized. We determine this parameter precisely for essentially all (i.e., generic) tensors. Namely, we prove for generic tensors in with that the subrank is . Our result significantly improves on the previous upper bound from the work of Strassen (1991) and Bürgisser (1990) which was . Our result is tight up to an additive constant. Our full result covers not only 3‐tensors but also ‐tensors, for which we find that the generic subrank is . Moreover, as an application, we prove that the subrank is not additive under the direct sum. As a consequence of our result, we obtain several large separations between the subrank and tensor methods that have received much interest recently, notably the slice rank (Tao, 2016), analytic rank (Gowers–Wolf, 2011; Lovett, 2018; Bhrushundi–Harsha–Hatami–Kopparty–Kumar, 2020), geometric rank (Kopparty–Moshkovitz–Zuiddam, 2020), and G‐stable rank (Derksen, 2020). Our proofs of the lower bounds rely on a new technical result about an optimal decomposition of tensor space into structured subspaces, which we think may be of independent interest.
Generalized Method for the Conceptual Design of Compact Heat Exchangers
Authors: Miltén Petter , Johnsson Isak , Lundbladh Anders , Xisto Carlos 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The paper introduces a novel method for generalized heat exchanger (HX) design and evaluation, freeing the process from predefined geometries. It aims to facilitate early-stage conceptual exploration, allowing the designer to make informed decisions. The paper explores heat transfer and fluid friction principles in order to set key parameters for estimating aerothermal performance, introduced by LaHaye et al. Arguing against a single metric, the paper proposes a custom cost function (CF) for evaluating the integrated generalized heat exchanger. A case study applies the method to a particular aircraft engine scenario, using cost functions to evaluate intercooler designs based on pressure loss and heat transfer surface weight. The study determines suitable heat exchanger families for further development, considering factors like finned area, compactness, and flow distribution.
Simulation Study on Hydraulic Braking Control of Engine Motor of Hybrid Electric Vehicle
Authors: Kang Fan , Qiao Min 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Taking the hybrid electric vehicle as the research object, under the premise of ensuring braking safety, aiming at maximizing the use of motor regenerative braking force and improving the coordination performance of motor hydraulic braking, a simulation study of motor hydraulic braking control based on hybrid electric vehicle engine is proposed. According to the dynamic model and ideal braking force distribution curve of the hybrid electric vehicle, combined with the common idea of electro-hydraulic compound braking force distribution, a three-layer braking control structure of the hybrid electric vehicle is constructed. The management determines the braking intention through the driver's pedal action and calculates the expected torque, and the control layer obtains the target braking force distribution relationship through the logic gate limit control method based on the expected torque. According to the actual motor torque signal fed back by the executive layer and the wheel cylinder pressure signal of the hydraulic braking system, the braking force and regenerative braking force of the hydraulic system are dynamically coordinated and controlled to ensure that the state switching of each component can be rapid, stable, and timely, and the control instruction is transmitted to the motor hydraulic braking system of the executive layer through the vehicle controller to complete the motor hydraulic braking of the hybrid electric vehicle engine. The experimental results show that this method can realize the reasonable distribution of motor hydraulic braking under different braking intensities, different initial braking speeds, and different pedal dip amplitudes, which makes the reaction speed of the hybrid electric vehicle in the braking process faster, the braking switching more stable and safe, effectively improves the energy utilization rate of the hybrid electric vehicle, and ensures the economy and safety of braking control of the hybrid electric vehicle.