bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Public Support for the Zero-COVID Policy in Beijing, Taipei and Singapore: The Role of Media Attention and Perceived Social Impact
Authors: Wei Ran , Lo Ven-hwei , Zhang Xiao , Guo Jing , Yu Wenting 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Asian governments employed drastically different strategies—zero-infection versus living with coronavirus disease (COVID-19)—to balance control of the global pandemic and minimize disruption. This study examines inter-society differences in public responses to their government’s anti-pandemic policies of zero-COVID strategy in China and neighboring societies. Three parallel telephone surveys were conducted in summer 2022 with a combined sample of 3,106 respondents in Beijing, Singapore, and Taipei. Findings provide a snapshot of public opinion toward zero-COVID policy in the late stage of the pandemic. Levels of strictness of pandemic-control measures across the 3 societies were found to be related to the public’s attention to the policy, its perceived social impact, and the extent to which they would support the policy. Furthermore, whether public attention enhanced or diminished the perception of its impact or support, and how these relationships changed depended on local circumstances. Chinese respondents in Beijing perceived their government’s unwavering zero-tolerance policy as having a low impact and tended to support the strict policy. Singaporeans living under the co-living policy viewed the zero-case strategy as disruptive and were less willing to support it.
The Pogorelov Estimates for Degenerate Curvature Equations
Authors: Jiao Heming , Jiao Yang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We establish the Pogorelov-type estimates for degenerate prescribed $k$-curvature equations as well as $k$-Hessian equations. Furthermore, we investigate the interior $C^{1,1}$ regularity of the solutions for Dirichlet problems. These techniques also enable us to improve the existence theorem for an asymptotic Plateau-type problem in hyperbolic space.
Curvature Estimates for Stable Free Boundary Minimal Hypersurfaces in Locally Wedge-Shaped Manifolds
Authors: Mazurowski Liam , Wang Tongrui 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we consider locally wedge-shaped manifolds, which are Riemannian manifolds that are allowed to have both boundary and certain types of edges. We define and study the properties of free boundary minimal hypersurfaces inside locally wedge-shaped manifolds. In particular, we show a compactness theorem for free boundary minimal hypersurfaces with curvature and area bounds in a locally wedge-shaped manifold. Additionally, using Schoen–Simon–Yau’s estimates, we also prove a Bernstein-type theorem indicating that, under certain conditions, a stable free boundary minimal hypersurface inside a Euclidean wedge must be a portion of a hyperplane. As our main application, we establish a curvature estimate for sufficiently regular free boundary minimal hypersurfaces in a locally wedge-shaped manifold with certain wedge angle assumptions. We expect this curvature estimate will be useful for establishing a min-max theory for the area functional in wedge-shaped spaces.
Global Treaties and Domestic Politics: Do Bilateral Investment Treaties Constrain Taxation in Developing Countries?
Authors: Bodea Cristina , Chen Jia , Kerner Andrew , Ye Fangjin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Bilateral investment treaties (BITs) define a set of investors’ rights and allow foreign investors to sue countries for policies that breach them. Political scientists typically study the extent to which that chastens policymaking in the context of health and environmental rules. We extend that literature to tax policy. We argue and show that BITs limit developing country governments’ tax intake. We further argue that umbrella clauses are an important driver of these dynamics. Umbrella clauses extend BITs’ protection to side agreements that are often more constraining than the BITs themselves and are typical in developing country resource extraction projects. Umbrella clauses’ tax-inhibiting effects are significant because resource revenues are important to developing countries’ public finance systems. Any assessment of BIT’s developmental benefits should consider their fiscal impact alongside their potential to attract capital inflows.
A theoretical study on Krauklis wave characteristics
Authors: Liu Haihao , Zhou Hui , Kong Liyun , Ma Yanyan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The Krauklis wave is a special seismic phenomenon in fluid saturated fracture medium. The wave can prompt a unique resonance effect and enhance the amplitude at special frequencies. These frequencies have a quantitative relationship with the fracture geometry parameters and can be used for quantitative interpretation of geometry parameters. Such frequency information can be transmitted to body waves by the transformation between the Krauklis wave and the body wave. Both P- and S-waves become frequency dependent. In this study, an original numerical method is brought out to solve the equation of the Krauklis wave dispersion relation. The method has fine computational performance, and the frequency band for numerical solution is extended to the megahertz level. The dispersion, resonance, and attenuation of the Krauklis wave can be analyzed within the entire frequency range for Krauklis wave existence. What is more, the formation mechanism, existence, and observability are illuminated. The analysis shows that there are upper limits of frequency and fracture aperture for Krauklis wave existence, but within the frequency band for artificial seismic and micro-seismic exploration, the Krauklis wave exists widely. For experimental research, the frequency and fracture aperture should be well designed to ensure the generation of the Krauklis wave. The attenuation of the Krauklis wave can suppress the resonance effect. The influence of the attenuation should be taken into account, when the wave is used for seismic characterization of fracture reservoirs or micro-seismic monitoring of hydraulic fracturing.
Five unaddressed questions about cytokinin biosynthesis
Authors: Sakakibara Hitoshi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Cytokinins, a class of phytohormones, play crucial roles in regulating plant growth and stress responses through finely tuned feedback loops involving metabolic and signaling cascades. Over the past 25 years, studies have identified key genes involved in cytokinin biosynthesis and inactivation pathways. Nevertheless, several gaps remain in our understanding, particularly regarding the movement of intermediate metabolites between subcellular compartments and the discrepancy between the products of adenosine phosphate-isopentenyltransferase (IPT) and the substrate preferences of subsequent reactions. Recent gene discoveries related to lonely guy (LOG)-independent pathways suggest a spatial extension of cytokinin biosynthesis into the apoplast. Other intriguing issues remain to be addressed, such as elucidating the synthetic pathway for cis-zeatin and unraveling the molecular mechanisms governing selective substrate use by the cytokinin biosynthetic enzyme Tumor morphology root (Tmr) from the phytopathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Further studies are needed to reveal a fully comprehensive picture of cytokinin metabolism.
Empirical instability strip for pre-He WD in EL CVn type binary systems
Authors: Çakırlı Ö , Hoyman B , Özdarcan O 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
We present the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) photometry and high-resolution spectra of the EL CVn-type systems, which consists of an A/F-type main-sequence (MS) star and a hotter low-mass helium white dwarf precursor (pre-He WD). In the spectral analysis, double-lined radial velocities (RVs) were obtained for the first time. From a simultaneous analysis of the TESS light and RV curves, the masses, radii, and temperatures of each component were determined. We applied multiple frequency analyses to the residual light curve after subtracting the binarity effects and detected independent frequencies. We found that the low-frequency region’s frequencies resembled those of $\delta$ Sct-type stars, while the high-frequency region’s frequencies (100–300 d$^{-1}$) likely correspond to pre-He WD components. According to our research, we found that in nine systems, the primary star with higher mass showed pulsation characteristics similar to a $\delta$-Sct-type. In only three systems, the hotter secondary components consisted of a pre-He WD with high-frequency pulsations. We examine the purity of pre-He WD instability strip by studying several EL CVn-type systems. Additionally, we propose new boundaries for the empirical instability strips of pre-He WDs.
The polymorphic top-shell puzzle: iterative taxonomy of Calliostoma Swainson, 1840 (Gastropoda: Calliostomatidae), in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Chiappa Giacomo , Fassio Giulia , Smriglio Carlo , Mariottini Paolo , Albano Paolo G , Modica Maria Vittoria , Zuccon Dario , Puillandre Nicolas , Oliverio Marco 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Calliostoma Swainson, 1840, as currently conceived, is the most species-rich genus of the order Trochida, with over 350 recognized species worldwide. The shell variability in these vetigastropods is extremely high, resulting in conflicting taxonomic attributions at both the genus and species levels. In the Mediterranean Sea, the remarkable morphological diversity of the Calliostoma top shells has led to the description of dozens of different taxa, of which nine are currently accepted. This taxonomic framework was tested using an iterative taxonomic approach. Species delimitation (using assemble species by automatic partitioning, clade monophyly and Kimura-2-parameter distances) and phylogenetic analyses (maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference) were carried out on 247 specimens from the Mediterranean and neighbouring Atlantic, including eight Mediterranean species and the Azorean C. lividum, spanning a large part of the morphological diversity and geographic distribution of the genus in the area. The molecular dataset comprised one nuclear marker, internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS 2), and two mitochondrial markers (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and 16S ribosomal RNA). Results indicate that the number of species is overestimated, as only C. conulus, C. granulatum, C. zizyphinum and C. laugieri are supported by molecular data among the assessed species. It is suggested that the morphological characters commonly used to diagnose species are variable within a single taxon, as three nominal taxa, allegedly endemic to the Mediterranean Sea, are here shown to be a single genetic species (C. laugieri). An ITS 2 2D folding structure is also reported as potentially distinctive for calliostomatids, compared to known Vetigastropoda. Our study indicates that to address the taxonomy of calliostomatid top shells, an integrative approach including molecular data is highly advisable to support species delimitation and especially new species description.
A human embryonic stem cell–based model reveals the cell of origin of FOXR2-activated CNS neuroblastoma
Authors: Royston Hitomi N , Hampton Autumn B , Bhagat Dhruv , Pinto Evonne F , Emerson Miriam D , Funato Kosuke 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
FOXR2-activated central nervous system (CNS) neuroblastoma (CNS NB-FOXR2) is a recently identified subtype of brain tumor characterized by the elevated expression of the transcription factor FOXR2 mainly due to genomic rearrangements. However, the precise pathogenic mechanisms, including the cell type of origin, remain elusive.

Methods
A gene expression analysis of patient tumors was performed to identify putative cell types of origin. Based on this prediction, a new human embryonic stem cell–based model was developed to validate the origin and to examine the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the formation of CNS NB-FOXR2.

Results
Our data showed that CNS NB-FOXR2 tumors express a high level of lineage marker genes associated with the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE), a transient structure located in the developing ventral forebrain. Our model confirmed the cell-type-specific effect of FOXR2 on the proliferation and in vivo tumorigenicity. Additionally, we found that FOXR2 overexpression activated the MEK/ERK signaling pathway through a suppression of the endogenous RAS inhibitor DIRAS3. The MEK inhibitor trametinib suppressed the proliferation of FOXR2-expressing MGE progenitors more than nonexpressing cells.

Conclusions
Our study collectively demonstrates that MGE progenitors are the cell of origin of CNS NB-FOXR2 and that FOXR2 activates the MEK/ERK signaling pathway, providing a potential therapeutic target.
EARLY FLOWERING3-1 represses Grain number, plant height, and heading date7 to promote ABC1 REPRESSOR1 and regulate nitrogen uptake in rice
Authors: Sun Qi , Yu Zhiwen , Wang Xiaoche , Chen Hao , Lu Jiahao , Zhao Chenfei , Jiang Linlin , Li Fengcheng , Xu Quan , Ma Dianrong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The extensive use of nitrogen fertilizer boosts rice (Oryza sativa) production but also harms ecosystems. Therefore, enhancing crop nitrogen use efficiency is crucial. Here, we performed map-based cloning and identified the EARLY FLOWERING3 (ELF3) like protein-encoding gene OsELF3-1, which confers enhanced nitrogen uptake in rice. OsELF3-1 forms a ternary complex (OsEC) with OsELF4s and OsLUX, the putative orthologs of ELF4 and LUX ARRHYTHMO (LUX) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), respectively. OsEC directly binds to the promoter of Grain number, plant height, and heading date7 (Ghd7) and represses its expression. Ghd7 encodes a transcription factor that has major effects on multiple agronomic traits. Ghd7 is also a transcriptional repressor and directly suppresses the expression of ABC1 REPRESSOR1 (ARE1), a negative regulator of nitrogen use efficiency. Therefore, targeting the OsEC-Ghd7-ARE1 module offers an approach to enhance nitrogen uptake, presenting promising avenues for sustainable agriculture.
Interview Versus Performance Assessment of Cognition as Predictors of Real-World Outcomes in a Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study in Schizophrenia
Authors: Pezzella Pasquale , Caporusso Edoardo , Mucci Armida , Bucci Paola , Giordano Giulia M , Amore Mario , Rocca Paola , Rossi Alessandro , Bertolino Alessandro , Ventura Joseph , Galderisi Silvana , Maj Mario ,   Italian Network for Research on Psychoses, Giuliani Luigi , Perrottelli Andrea , Piegari Giuseppe , Merlotti Eleonora , Pietrafesa Daria , Brando Francesco , Sansone Noemi , Melillo Antonio , Papalino Marco , Calia Vitalba , Romano Raffaella , Calcagno Pietro , Belvedere Murri Martino , Cattedra Simone , Montemagni Cristiana , Riccardi Cecilia , Del Favero Elisa , Pacitti Francesca , Rossi Rodolfo , Socci Valentina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Cognitive Assessment Interview (CAI) is an interview-based scale measuring cognitive impairment and its impact on functioning in subjects with schizophrenia (SCZ). It is approved as a coprimary measure of performance-based instruments, such as the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). Recent research highlights negative symptoms, social cognition, and functional capacity as mediators of cognitive impairment’s impact on functioning. This study compared mediation analysis outcomes using CAI or MCCB scores, providing insights into the utility of interview-based tools in research and clinical practice. The study included 618 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia, recruited from 24 Italian psychiatric clinics. Neurocognitive assessments utilized both CAI and MCCB. Mediation analyses explored negative symptoms, social cognition, and functional capacity as mediators of the impact of neurocognition on real-life functioning domains. The study’s results extend the validation of the CAI as a coprimary measure that provides valid information on the impact of cognitive impairment on real-life functioning and its possible mediators, complementing the information obtained using the MCCB. Interview-based cognitive assessment might be essential for understanding schizophrenia complexity and its impact on various cognitive and functional domains for clinicians, patients, and caregivers.
Comparison of autonomic reactivity to trauma and nightmare imagery: A Pilot Study
Authors: McGrory Christopher M , Kram Mendelsohn Augustus , Pineles Suzanne L , Lasko Natasha B , Ivkovic Vladimir , Moon Mabelle , Cetinkaya Doga , Bazer Oren , Fortier Elizabeth , Kelly Anne , Bragdon Laura B , Arditte Hall Kimberly A , Tanev Kaloyan , Orr Scott P , Pace-Schott Edward F 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
Trauma-related nightmares (TRNs) are a hallmark symptom of PTSD and are highly correlated with PTSD severity and poor sleep quality. Given the salience and arousal associated with TRNs, they might be an effective target for imaginal exposures during Prolonged Exposure (PE) therapy. As a first step in this line of research, the current study compared participants’ emotional reactivity during recollection of TRNs to their recollection of the index traumatic event.

Methods
Seventeen trauma-exposed participants with clinical or sub-clinical PTSD who reported frequent TRNs engaged in script-driven imagery using scripts depicting their index trauma and their most trauma-like TRN. Heart rate (HRR), skin conductance (SCR), corrugator EMG (EMGR) responses, and emotional ratings were recorded.

Results
HRR, SCR, and EMGR did not differ significantly between trauma-related and TRN scripts. Bayesian analyses confirmed support for the null hypothesis, indicating no differences. With the exception of “Sadness,” for which TRNs elicited significantly lower ratings than trauma scripts, individual emotion ratings showed no significant differences, suggesting likely parity between the emotionality of trauma-related and TRN recollections.

Conclusions
Together, TRN content elicited psychophysiological reactivity similar to that of the index trauma in this pilot study. Upon replication, studies testing TRNs as potential targets for imaginal exposures during PE may be warranted.
Readmissions Among Patients With Surgically Managed Drug Use Associated-Infective Endocarditis Before and After the Implementation of an Addiction Consult Team: A Retrospective, Observational Analysis
Authors: Marinacci Lucas X. , Li Audrey , Tsay Annie , Benarroch Yoel , Hill Kevin P. , Karchmer Adolf W. , Wadhera Rishi K. , Kentoffio Katherine 
Published: August 2024

Background
Patients who undergo cardiac surgery for drug use-associated infective endocarditis (DUA-IE) have high rates of readmissions for recurrent endocarditis, substance use disorder (SUD), and septicemia. Our primary objective was to assess whether exposure to an addiction consult team (ACT) was associated with reduced readmissions in this population.

Methods
This single-center retrospective analysis identified patients who underwent cardiac surgery for DUA-IE between 1/2012–9/2022 using the Society for Thoracic Surgeons database, and compared the cumulative incidence of readmissions at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months among those cared for before and after the implementation of an ACT in 9/2017, accounting for competing risk of mortality and adjusted for measured confounders using inverse probability of treatment weighting.

Results
The 58 patients (35 pre-ACT and 23 post-ACT) were young (36.4 +/− 7.7 years) and predominantly White (53.4%) and male (70.7%). The post-ACT cohort had a significantly lower risk of readmission at 1 month (adjusted risk difference [RD] −23.8% [95% CI −94.4%, −8.3%], P = 0.005) and 3 months (RD −34.1% [−55.1%, −13.1%], P = 0.005), but not at 6 or 12 months. In a sensitivity analysis, the post-ACT cohort also had significantly lower risk of readmissions for SUD complications at 3 months.

Discussion and Conclusion
ACT exposure was associated with a lower risk of short-term readmission among patients with surgically managed DUA-IE, possibly due to a reduction in SUD-related complications. Additional studies are needed to replicate these findings and to identify ways to sustain the potential benefits of ACTs over the longer term.
Reimagining Supportive Approaches at the Intersection of Mandatory Reporting Policies for the Mother–Infant Dyad Affected by Substance Use
Authors: McGlothen-Bell Kelly , Cartagena Diana , Malin Kathryn J. , Vittner Dorothy , McGrath Jacqueline M. , Koerner Rebecca L. , Vance Ashlee J. , Crawford Allison D. 
Published: August 2024

Background:
As rates of substance use during pregnancy persist, the health and optimal development of infants with prenatal substance exposure remain a key priority. Nurses are tasked with identifying and reporting suspected cases of child maltreatment, including abuse and neglect, which is often assumed to be synonymous with substance use during pregnancy. While policies aimed at protecting infants from child abuse and neglect are well intentioned, literature regarding the short- and long-term social and legal implications of mandatory reporting policies is emerging.

Purpose:
In this article, we explore the intersections between the condition of substance use in pregnancy and policies related to mandatory reporting.

Methods:
We provide an overview of historical and current trends in mandatory reporting policies for nurses related to substance use in pregnancy and related ethical and social implications for mother–infant dyads.

Results:
Nurses often function at the intersection of healthcare and social services, underscoring the important role they play in advocating for ethical and equitable care for both members of the mother–infant dyad affected by substance use.

Implications for Practice and Research:
We offer recommendations for practice including the integration of respectful care and family-centered support for the mother–infant dyad affected by substance use. Cross-sectoral collaborations, inclusive of the family, are important to the advancement of evidence-based and equity-focused research, advocacy, and policy initiatives to support familial preservation and reduce mother–infant separation.