bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflammation‐Triggered Enlargement of Choroid Plexus in Subacute COVID‐19 Patients with Neurological Symptoms
Authors: Rau Alexander , Gonzalez‐Escamilla Gabriel , Schroeter Nils , Othman Ahmed , Dressing Andrea , Weiller Cornelius , Urbach Horst , Reisert Marco , Groppa Sergiu , Hosp Jonas A. 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate whether choroid plexus volumes in subacute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients with neurological symptoms could indicate inflammatory activation or barrier dysfunction and assess their association with clinical data.MethodsChoroid plexus volumes were measured in 28 subacute COVID‐19 patients via cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), compared with those in infection‐triggered non‐COVID‐19 encephalopathy patients (n = 25), asymptomatic individuals after COVID‐19 (n = 21), and healthy controls (n = 21). Associations with inflammatory serum markers (peak counts of leukocytes, C‐reactive protein [CRP], interleukin 6), an MRI‐based marker of barrier dysfunction (CSF volume fraction [V‐CSF]), and clinical parameters like olfactory performance and cognitive scores (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) were investigated.ResultsCOVID‐19 patients showed significantly larger choroid plexus volumes than control groups (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.172). These volumes correlated significantly with peak leukocyte levels (p = 0.001, Pearson's r = 0.621) and V‐CSF (p = 0.009, Spearman's rho = 0.534), but neither with CRP nor interleukin 6. No significant correlations were found with clinical parameters.InterpretationIn patients with subacute COVID‐19, choroid plexus volume is a marker of central nervous system inflammation and barrier dysfunction in the presence of neurologic symptoms. The absence of plexus enlargement in infection‐triggered non‐COVID‐19 encephalopathy suggests a specific severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 effect. This study also documents an increase in choroid plexus volume for the first time as a parainfectious event. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:715–725
Streamlining the Synthesis of Pyridones through Oxidative Amination of Cyclopentenones
Authors: Botlik Bence B. , Weber Micha , Ruepp Florian , Kawanaka Kazuki , Finkelstein Patrick , Morandi Bill 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHerein we report the development of an oxidative amination process for the streamlined synthesis of pyridones from cyclopentenones. Cyclopentenone building blocks can undergo in situ silyl enol ether formation, followed by the introduction of a nitrogen atom into the carbon skeleton with successive aromatisation to yield pyridones. The reaction sequence is operationally simple, rapid, and carried out in one pot. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions, exhibits broad functional group tolerance, complete regioselectivity, and is well scalable. The developed method provides facile access to the synthesis of 15N‐labelled targets, industrially relevant pyridone products and their derivatives in a fast and efficient way.
Asynchronous Ring Opening of Cyclic Carbonate and Glycidyl Ether Induced Phase Evolution Towards Heat‐Free and Rapid‐Bonding Superior Epoxy Adhesive
Authors: Niu Peixin , Li Chuanlong , Zhu Jun , Zhao Yifang , Li Zixian , Sun Ailing , Wei Liuhe , Wu Kai , Li Yuhan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStructural adhesives that do not require heating are in high demand in the automotive and electronics industries. However, it remains a challenge to develop robust adhesives that rapidly achieve super adhesion near ambient temperature. Herein, a room‐temperature curable, fast‐bonding, and super strong epoxy‐based structural adhesive was designed from the perspective of cross‐scale structure, which lies in threefold pivotal aspects: (i) high branching topology of glycerol carbonate‐capped polyurethane (PUGC) increases the kinetics of the ring‐opening reaction, contributing to fast crosslinking and the formation of abundant urethane and hydroxyl moieties; (ii) asynchronous crosslinking of epoxy and PUGC synergistically induces phase separation of PUGC within the epoxy resin and the resulting PUGC domains surrounded by interpenetrated shell serves to efficiently toughen the matrix; (iii) abundant dynamic hydrogen bonds including urethane and hydroxyl moieties, along with the elastomeric PUGC domains, dissipate energy of shearing force. As a result, the adhesive strength rapidly grows to 16 MPa within 4 hours, leveling off to 21 MPa after 7 hours, substantially outperforming commercial room‐temperature curable epoxy adhesives. The results of this study could advance the field of high‐performance adhesives and provide valuable insights into designing materials for efficient curing at room temperature.
3D‐Printing Multi‐Component Multi‐Domain Supramolecular Gels with Differential Conductivity
Authors: Vadukoote Tajmon Tony , Avestro Alyssa‐Jennifer , Smith David K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe report the use of wet‐spinning to 3D‐print gels from low‐molecular‐weight gelators (LMWGs) based on the 1,3 : 2,4‐dibenzylidenesorbitol (DBS) scaffold. Gel stripes assembled from DBS‐CONHNH2 and DBS‐COOH are printed, and their conductivities assessed. Printed gels based on DBS‐CONHNH2 can be loaded with Au(III), which is reduced in situ to form embedded gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The conductivity of these gels increases because of electron transport mediated by the AuNPs, whereas the conductivity of DBS‐COOH, which does not promote AuNP formation, remains lower. We then fabricate multi‐component gel patterns comprised of spatially well‐defined domains of printed DBS‐CONHNH2/AuNP (higher conductivity) and DBS‐COOH (lower conductivity) resulting in soft multi‐domain materials with differential conductivity. Such materials have future prospects in applications such as soft nanoelectronics or tissue engineering.
From Coordination to π‐Hole Chemistry of Transition Metals: Metalloporphyrins as a Case of Study
Authors: Siddiqui Rafia , Burguera Sergi , de las Nieves Piña María , Dhamija Swati , Titi Hatem M. , Frontera Antonio , Bauzá Antonio , Patra Ranjan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHerein we have evidenced the formation of favorable π‐hole Br⋅⋅⋅metal noncovalent interactions (NCIs) involving elements from groups 9, 11 and 12. More in detail, M (M=Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+) containing porphyrins have been synthesized and their supramolecular assemblies structurally characterized by means of single crystal X‐ray diffraction and Hirshfeld surface analyses, revealing the formation of directional Br⋅⋅⋅M contacts in addition to ancillary hydrogen bond and lone pair‐π bonds. Computations at the PBE0‐D3/def2‐TZVP level of theory revealed the π‐hole nature of the Br⋅⋅⋅M interaction. In addition, the physical nature of these NCIs was studied using Quantum Chemistry methodologies, providing evidence of π‐hole Spodium and Regium bonds in Zn2+ and Cu2+ porphyrins, in addition to unveiling the presence of a π‐hole for group 9 (Co2+). On the other hand, group 10 (Ni2+) acted as both electron donor and acceptor moiety without showing an electropositive π‐hole. Owing to the underexplored potential of π‐hole interactions in transition metal chemistry, we believe the results reported herein will be useful in supramolecular chemistry, organometallics, and solid‐state chemistry by i) putting under the spotlight the π‐hole chemistry involving first row transition metals and ii) unlocking a new tool to direct the self‐assembly of metalloporphyrins.
Enhancing Reversibility and Stability of Mg Metal Anodes: High‐Exposure (002) Facets and Nanosheet Arrays for Superior Mg Plating/Stripping
Authors: Bi Jingxuan , Zhou Zhenkai , Li Junhui , Li Boxin , Sun Xiaojie , Liu Yuhang , Wang Ke , Gao Guowei , Du Zhuzhu , Ai Wei , Huang Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMagnesium metal batteries (MMBs), recognized as promising contenders for post‐lithium battery technologies, face challenges such as uneven magnesium (Mg) plating and stripping behaviors, leading to uncontrollable dendrite growth and irreversible structural damage. Herein, we have developed a Mg foil featuring prominently exposed (002) facets and an architecture of nanosheet arrays (termed (002)‐Mg), created through a one‐step acid etching method. Specifically, the prominent exposure of Mg (002) facets, known for their inherently low surface and adsorption energies with Mg atoms, not only facilitates smooth nucleation and dense deposition but also significantly mitigates side reactions on the Mg anode. Moreover, the nanosheet arrays on the surface evenly distribute the electric field and Mg ion flux, enhancing Mg ion transfer kinetics. As a result, the fabricated (002)‐Mg electrodes exhibit unprecedented long‐cycle performance, lasting over 6000 h (>8 months) at a current density of 3 mA cm−2 for a capacity of 3 mAh cm−2. Furthermore, the corresponding pouch cells equipped with various electrolytes and cathodes demonstrate remarkable capacity and cycling stability, highlighting the superior electrochemical compatibility of the (002)‐Mg electrode. This study provides new insights into the advancement of durable MMBs by modifying the crystal structure and morphology of Mg.
Phosphetene‐Based Polyaromatics: Structure‐Property Relationships and Chiroptical Tuning
Authors: Lauwick Hortense , Kertész Erik , Garami Kristóf Noel , Huadsai Wimonsiri , Duffy Matthew P. , Foundi Roukayaati , Chemin Alexandre , Roisnel Thierry , Vanthuyne Nicolas , Benkő Zoltán , Bouit Pierre‐Antoine , Hissler Muriel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe describe the synthesis of π‐extended phosphetene rings (4‐member P‐rings) flanked with PAH systems of various topologies. These compounds are fully characterized including X‐ray diffraction. The impact of both the polyaromatic platform and the P‐ring on the structure, and the optical and redox properties are investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Although neither the P centre nor the 4‐membered ring significantly takes part in the HOMO or LUMO orbitals, both structural features have an important modulating role in distorting the symmetry of the orbitals, leading to chiroptical properties. The stereogenic P‐atom is used as a remote chiral perturbator to induce circularly polarized luminescence of the polyaromatic system. The dissymmetry factor is highly dependent on the polyaromatic topology, as supported by theoretical calculations.
Nanometer‐Resolved Mapping of Organic Cation Migration Behavior in Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskites
Authors: Liang Jing , Lan Mu‐Hao , Pang Jie , Xia Xing‐Hua , Li Jian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe performance and stability of organic metal halide perovskite (OMHP) optoelectronic devices have been associated with ion migration. Understanding of nanoscale resolved organic cation migration mechanism would facilitate structure engineering and commercialization of OMHP. Here, we report a three‐dimensional approach for in situ nanoscale infrared imaging of organic ion migration behavior in OMHPs, enabling to distinguish migrations along grain boundary and in crystal lattice. Our results reveal that organic cation migration along OMHP film surface and grain boundaries (GBs) occurs at lower biases than in crystal lattice. We visualize the transition of organic cation migration channels from GBs to volume upon increasing electric field. The temporal resolved results demonstrate the fast MA+ migration kinetics at GBs, which is comparable to diffusivity of halide ions. Our findings help understand the role of organic cations in the performance of OMHP devices, and the proposed approach holds broad applicability for revealing migration mechanisms of organic ions in OMHPs based optoelectronic devices.
Selectivity Descriptors of Methanol‐to‐Aromatics Process over 3‐Dimensional Zeolites
Authors: Zhang Xin , Gong Xuan , Abou‐Hamad Edy , Zhou Hexun , You Xinyu , Gascon Jorge , Dutta Chowdhury Abhishek 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe zeolite‐catalyzed methanol‐to‐aromatics (MTA) process is a promising avenue for industrial decarbonization. This process predominantly utilizes 3‐dimensional 10‐member ring (10‐MR) zeolites like ZSM‐5 and ZSM‐11, chosen for their confinement effect essential for aromatization. Current research mainly focuses on enhancing selectivity and mitigating catalyst deactivation by modulating zeolites′ physicochemical properties. Despite the potential, the MTA technology is at a low Technology Readiness Level, hindered by mechanistic complexities in achieving the desired selectivity towards liquid aromatics. To bridge this knowledge gap, this study proposes a roadmap for MTA catalysis by strategically combining controlled catalytic experiments with advanced characterization methods (including operando conditions and “mobility‐dependent” solid‐state NMR spectroscopy). It identifies the descriptor‐role of Koch‐carbonylated intermediates, longer‐chain hydrocarbons, and the zeolites′ intersectional cavities in yielding preferential liquid aromatics selectivity. Understanding these selectivity descriptors and architectural impacts is vital, potentially advancing other zeolite‐catalyzed emerging technologies.
Phenyl‐Extended Resorcin[4]arenes: Synthesis and Highly Efficient Iodine Adsorption
Authors: Li Dongxia , Wu Gengxin , Zhu Yong‐Kang , Yang Ying‐Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe continuous exploration of new analogs of calixarenes and pillararenes unlocks infinite opportunities in supramolecular chemistry and materials. In this work, we introduce a new class of macrocycle, phenyl‐extended resorcin[4]arenes (ExR4), a unique and innovative design that incorporates unsubstituted phenylene moieties into the resorcin[4]arene scaffold. Single‐crystal analysis reveals a chair‐like conformation for per‐methylated ExR4 (Me‐ExR4) and a twisted “Figure‐of‐eight” shaped conformation for per‐hydroxylated ExR4 (OH‐ExR4). Notably, OH‐ExR4 demonstrates exceptional adsorption capability toward I3− ions in an aqueous solution, with a rapid kinetic rate of 1.18×10−2 g ⋅ mg−1 ⋅ min−1. Furthermore, OH‐ExR4 shows excellent recyclability and potential as a stationary phase in column setups. The discovery of ExR4 opens up new avenues for constructing new macrocycles and inspires further research in functional adsorption materials for water pollutant removal.
Effect of polycarbonate (PC) content on the mechanical properties, morphology and transesterification mechanism of PBT/PC immiscible blends
Authors: Mane Prajakta , Keche Ashok J. , Chopra Swamini , Pande Kavita 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study focuses on the experimental investigation of the mechanical properties of PBT/PC blends with varying compositions. The studied mechanical properties include tensile strength, elongation, tensile modulus, impact strength, and Shore hardness of PBT/PC blends with different PC contents. PBT, characterized by its semi‐crystalline and tough nature, contrasts with PC, known for its impact resistance and hardness. Achieving an optimal blend composition proves to be crucial for attaining the best combination of these properties. The tensile strength of the PBT/PC 30/70 blend increased by approximately 24%, with Shore hardness also experienced a 12% enhancement compared to pure PBT. This improvement is attributed to the presence of PC segments in the blend structure. Conversely, an increase in PC content led to the elongation and impact strength of the blends peaking in the PBT/PC 70/30 blend. Notably, the impact strength of the PBT/PC blend with 30% PC increased by about three times compared to PBT and 18% more than pure PC. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that PBT and PC segments disperse at lower PC content, while at higher content, phase separation becomes prominent. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis indicates direct transesterification between PBT and PC, resulting in the formation of a long‐chain blend structure with random copolymer blocks. The transesterification mechanism is also supported by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) results, wherein a reduction in the crystallization temperature (Tc) and an increase in the glass transition temperature (Tg) is observed. The study concludes that the volume of these segments and their bonding play a decisive role in determining the mechanical properties. The bonding mechanism elucidated through FTIR and SEM provides valuable insights into the fabrication and property engineering of PBT/PC blends.
Beyond traditional methods: Exploring strippable gel based on deep eutectic solvent for efficient radioactive surface decontamination
Authors: Patil Sushil M. , Gupta Ruma , Goswami Dibakar , Jayachandran Kavitha , Layek Arkaprava , Mishra Prashant , Chatterjee Suchandra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study introduces a technique for decontaminating radioactive surfaces by employing a gel, herein termed as radiation decontamination gel with eutectic liquids (RADGEL), composed of a deep eutectic solvent and polyvinyl alcohol, with the goal of enabling reuse of the surface post‐decontamination. The decontamination effectiveness of RADGEL underwent thorough evaluation through trials conducted on different simulated surfaces, achieving decontamination efficiency up to 99.9% for alpha as well as gamma radionuclides. The various parameters influencing decontamination factors such as amount of complexing agent used, polymer film thickness, nature, and magnitude of radioactivity, as well as surface characteristics of substrates to be decontaminated were optimized. Additionally excellent mechanical strength of RADGEL, affirms its potential as practically efficient, cost‐effective, and safe option for surface decontamination. The Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis suggest RADGELs capability for both physical and chemical interactions with contaminants, thus highlighting its comprehensive decontamination efficacy. The outcomes of this study carry substantial implications for the decontamination of surfaces contaminated with various types of radionuclides.
Room‐temperature self‐healing polyurethanes with high mechanical strength and superior toughness for sensor application
Authors: Yin Xingshan , Huang Zhiyi , Liu Xiaochun , Sun Yingjuan , Lin Xiaofeng , Lin Wenjing , Yi Guobin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIt remains enormous challenges to balance the conflict between high strength and toughness mechanical properties and excellent room‐temperature self‐healing abilities of polyurethane elastomers. In this work, we report a recyclable room‐temperature self‐healing polyurethane elastomer with excellent mechanical properties. The prepared polyurethane elastomer (PU‐DA‐Zn0.50) exhibits high tensile strength of 15.33 MPa, high toughness of 76.77 MJ m−3, and high elongation at break of 1604.46% by introducing isophorone diamine (IPDA), 1‐(3‐aminopropyl) imidazole (IMZ) and zinc ions into polymer system to form a dynamic double‐cross‐linked structure (hydrogen bonds and Zn2+‐imidazole coordination bonds). In addition, the tensile strength of fractured polyurethane can reach more than 80% of the original sample after 48 h of self‐healing at room temperature without external stimuli, which is attributed to the kinetics of rapid exchange of Zn2+‐imidazole coordination bonds at room temperature. It is worth noting that the balance between excellent mechanical properties and outstanding room‐temperature self‐healing ability can be optimized by adjusting the Zn2+‐imidazole coordination bond density in the system. Moreover, the dynamic nature of the double‐cross‐linking network endows polyurethane with favorable recyclability. The above remarkable comprehensive performances reveal a great potential of PU‐DA‐Znx elastomer in the fields of wearable flexible electronic devices such as bionic skin, human motion monitoring, and soft robots.
From immunomodulation to therapeutic prospects: Unveiling the biology of butyrophilins in cancer
Authors: Mehdikhani Fatemeh , Bahar Aysa , Bashi Marzieh , Mohammadlou Maryam , Yousefi Bahman 
Published: June 2024

AbstractButyrophilin (BTN) proteins are a type of membrane protein that belongs to the Ig superfamily. They exhibit a high degree of structural similarity to molecules in the B7 family. They fulfill a complex function in regulating immune responses, including immunomodulatory roles, as they influence γδ T cells. The biology of BTN molecules indicates that they are capable of inhibiting the immune system's ability to detect antigens within tumors. A dynamic association between BTN molecules and cellular surfaces is also recognized in specific contexts, influencing their biology. Notably, the dynamism of BTN3A1 is associated with the immunosuppression of T cells or the activation of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. Cancer immunotherapy relies heavily on T cells to modulate immune function within the intricate interaction of the tumor microenvironment (TME). A significant interaction between the TME and antitumor immunity involves the presence of BTN, which should be taken into account when developing immunotherapy. This review explores potential therapeutic applications of BTN molecules, based on the current understanding of their biology.
Ginsenoside Rb3 alleviates the formation of osteoclasts induced by periodontal ligament fibroblasts in the periodontitis microenvironment through the STAT3 pathway
Authors: Zhang Yuhua , Shi Hanping 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study explores the potential role and mechanism of Ginsenoside Rb3 (Rb3) in modulating osteoclastogenesis induced by human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPLFs) within the periodontitis microenvironment. We investigated the anti‐inflammatory effects of Rb3 on hPLFs stimulated with Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (P.g‐LPS) utilizing quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay techniques. Moreover, the functional role of Rb3 in hPLFs‐induced osteoclast formation was assessed by treating human bone marrow‐derived macrophages (hBMMs) with conditioned medium from hPLFs, followed by analyses through qPCR, western blot analysis, and staining for tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and phalloidin. The impact of Rb3 on the activation of the STAT3 signaling pathway was determined via western blot analysis. Results indicated that Rb3 treatment significantly suppressed the upregulation of pro‐inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, MCP‐1, and IL‐18) at both gene and protein levels in hPLFs induced by P.g‐LPS. Furthermore, conditioned medium from Rb3 plus P.g‐LPS treated hPLFs notably decreased the number of TRAP‐positive cells, actin ring formations, and the expression of osteoclast marker genes (including CTSK, NFATC1, and ACP5). Rb3 also inhibited the P.g‐LPS‐induced activation of the STAT3 pathway, with the activation of STAT3 partially reversing the effects of Rb3 on inflammation and osteoclast differentiation. Collectively, Rb3 ameliorates inflammation in P.g‐LPS‐stimulated hPLFs and reduces hPLFs‐induced osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting the STAT3 signaling pathway, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for periodontitis.