bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ridge Preservation using Dermis Allograft Tissue Matrix Membrane vs Connective Tissue Graft
Authors: Abraham Celeste M , Rossmann Jeffrey A , Al-Hashimi Ibtisam , Solomon Eric S , Kerns David G , Tomlin Elizabeth Meyers , Beach M Miles , Kessler Harvey P 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTPurposeThe purpose of this study was to compare extraction socket healing and alveolar ridge preservation using autogenous bone covered with connective tissue graft (CT) or acellular dermal matrix (ADM).Materials and MethodsSixteen nonsmoking, healthy patients with 18 nonmolar teeth requiring extraction participated in the study. Following extraction, the sockets were debrided, measured, and grafted with autogenous bone, then covered with either CT or ADM. Measurements of alveolar ridge width and height were made at baseline and after 16 to 20 weeks post extraction. Soft and hard tissue biopsies of the extraction sites were evaluated histomorphometrically.ResultsThe mean buccolingual ridge width loss was 0.19 mm for both CT and ADM groups. The mean vertical bone gain was 1.08 mm bone for the CT group and 0.82 mm for the ADM group. Histologic evaluation revealed a mean bone fill of 40.67 and 50.76% for CT and ADM group respectively. Student t-tests did not reveal significant difference between the two groups.ConclusionThe overall results of the study suggest that the use of bone graft covered with either CT or ADM is useful for ridge preservation.How to cite this articleTomlin EM, Kerns DG, Rossmann JA, Beach MM, Al-Hashimi I, Abraham CM, Solomon ES, Kessler HP. Ridge Preservation using Dermis Allograft Tissue Matrix Membrane vs Connective Tissue Graft. J Contemp Dent 2014;4(1):10-16.
Current Evidence-based Management of Patients on Antiplatelets and Anticoagulants in Dental Practice: A Questionnaire-based Survey of Interns and Staff
Authors: Sidana Sunil , Daruwalla Shazneen Firdosh 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACT
An increasing number of dental patients are taking ‘blood thinner’ medications for various medical conditions. These drugs interfere with the body's normal clotting (stopping blood flow) mechanism. The standard of care has been to stop the aspirin and warfarin prior to dental procedures involving bleeding since these drugs are known to affect clot formation and coagulation. However, the patient is at a greater risk of developing thromboembolic complications and reinfarcts if these drugs were discontinue than occurence of excessive bleeding if they were continued. Bleeding can be effectively managed by local hemostatic measures.

How to cite this article
Daruwalla SF, Sidana S. Current Evidence-based Management of Patients on Antiplatelets and Anticoagulants in Dental Practice: A Questionnaire-based Survey of Interns and Staff. J Contemp Dent 2014;4(1):22-26.
Referred Pulpal Pain with Atypical Features in an Endodontically Treated Tooth due to Learned Phenomenon
Authors: Pai AR Vivekananda , Jain Rachit 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTPulpal pain does not refer to an endodontically treated tooth. Nevertheless, such a potential may exist based on a learned phenomenon due to previous treatment experiences but is rarely reported. Further, it is seldom reported to occur with atypical features. This case report is on a patient who was presented with pain in endodontically treated lower first molar (36) and recommended to undergo retreatment. However, endodontic treatment in 26 relieved the pain showing occurrence of referred pulpal pain in 36. But due to atypical referral and unknown endodontic status in 36, only uneventful follow-up confirmed the retrospective diagnosis of referred pulpal pain in 36. Pulpal pain can refer to an endodontically treated tooth based on learned phenomenon. Such a referral can also occur with atypical features and pose a diagnostic dilemma. Therefore, referred pulpal pain should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pain in an endodontically treated tooth.How to cite this articlePai ARV, Vikram M, Jain R. Referred Pulpal Pain with Atypical Features in an Endodontically Treated Tooth due to Learned Phenomenon. J Contemp Dent 2014;4(1): 60-62.
Crosslinked Poly (4-Vinylpyridine-Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate) Used for Preconcentration of Cd(II) and its Determination by Flow Injection Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Authors: Tarley César Ricardo Teixeira , Farias Natália Cristina Botteon , de Fátima Lima Giovana , de Oliveira Fernanda Midori , Bonfílio Rudy , Dragunski Douglas Cardoso , Clausen Débora Nobile , Segatelli Mariana Gava 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The main purpose of this research was to synthesize crosslinked poly(4-vinylpyridine-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) and evaluate its feasibility for highly sensitive and selective determination of Cd in water samples by using flow injection flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The crosslinked polymer, prepared by bulk polymerization, was characterized by FTIR spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy. The flow injection solid-phase method was based on preconcentration of 20.0 mL of sample through 100 mg of the polymer packed into a minicolumn at pH 8.25 using a flow rate of 6.0 mL/min, followed by elution with 1.0 M HNO3. The sample solution parameters influencing the preconcentration behavior of Cd ions, such as pH, buffer concentration, and flow rate, were simultaneously studied and optimized using a Doehlert matrix. Values of 0.10 μg/L, 2.0–210 μg/L, 32.3, 18/h, 9.7/min, and 0.62 mL were obtained for LOD, linear range, preconcentration factor, sample throughput, concentration efficiency, and consumption index, respectively. The effect of the presence of the inorganic cations Pb(II), U(IV), Co(II), Hg(II), Cu(II), As(III), Mg(II), Sb(III), Ni(II), Th(IV), Ba(II), and Ca(II) on the method was studied, and the preconcentration of Cd was observed to have no interference. The accuracy of the method was assessed by analysis of natural water samples using addition and recovery tests and inductively coupled plasma/MS as a reference technique, as well as by analysis of a standard reference material of trace elements in water.
IMEP-115: Determination of Methylmercury in Seafood by Elemental Mercury Analysis: Collaborative Study
Authors: Cordeiro Fernando , Calderón Josep , Gonçalves Susana , Lourenço Maria Helena , Robouch Piotr , Emteborg Hakan , Conneely Patrick , Tumba-Tshilumba Marie-France , de la Calle Maria Beatriz 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
A collaborative study IMEP-115 was organized by the European Union Reference Laboratory for Heavy Metals in Feed and Food (EURL-HM) to validate a method for the determination of methylmercury in seafood. The method was based on a liquid–liquid extraction with an organic solvent and with an aqueous cysteine solution. The final quantitation was done with an elemental mercury analyzer. Fifteen laboratories experienced in elemental mercury analyses, from 10 European countries, took part in the exercise. Five test items were selected to cover the concentration range from 0.013 to 5.12 mg/kg. All test items were reference materials certified for the methylmercury mass fraction: DOLT-4 (dogfish liver), TORT-2 (lobster hepatopancreas), SRM 2974a (mussel), SRM 1566b (oyster), and ERM CE-464 (tuna). Participants also received a bottle of ERM CE-463 (tuna) to test their analytical method before starting the collaborative study. Method validation showed adequate accuracy and acceptable precision for all test items, thus fitting its intended analytical purpose. The repeatability RSD ranged from 3.9 to 12.3%, while the reproducibility RSD ranged from 8.4 to 24.8%.
Flow Cytometric Method for in situ Preparation of Standard Materials of a Small Defined Number of Microbial Cells with Colony-Forming Potentiality
Authors: Matsuoka Hideaki , Nakano Koichiro , Takatani Norimasa , Yoshida Tomonori , Igimi Shizunobu , Saito Mikako 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Standard materials of a small defined number of cells with colony-forming potentiality are essential for the rational validation of food microbiological methods. An in situ flow cytometric method using viable staining with 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate (CFDA) and tryptic soy agar (TSA) was previously proposed and its feasibility was demonstrated with five strains. In this study, this method was applied to 16 strains to support its broad applicability. The cellsorting gate was previously determined based on the CFDA stainability alone. Now the structural properties of cells designated by forward and side-scattering intensities have been introduced as the second gating criteria. Under the optimum gate condition, 100 cells have been selected and sorted on TSA. Consequently, a 95% or higher colony-forming rate has been attained for every strain. A successful application to microaerophilic Campylobacter spp. is especially of great importance because it suggests further broader applicability.
Evaluation of VIDAS®Listeria monocytogenes Xpress (LMX) for the Detection of Listeria monocytogenes in a Variety of Foods: First Action 2013.11
Authors: Crowley Erin , Bird Patrick , Flannery Jonathan , Benzinger, Jr M Joseph , Fisher Kiel , Boyle Megan , Huffman Travis , Bastin Ben , Bedinghaus Paige , Judd Will , Hoang Thao , Agin James , Goins David , Johnson Ronald L ,   Collaborators:, Adams J , Bollenbacher A , Brahmanda B , Burkhart R , Cannon J , Capps A , Cesanas-Tyson L , Davis D , Ebbing D , Elgaali H , Hand B , Hiles R , Hirsch J , Howard B , Jolly J , Joseph S , Kehres A , Klemms K , Li J , May B , Michels M , Mills J , Moore S , Nagassar N , Owusu S , Palen N , Parker L , Paul B , Perry B , Pickett J , Rogman N , Rosario G , Rule P , Said C , Sala-Rhatigan M , Stegmann A , Stubblefield T , Wiggins K , Zimmerman J 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The VIDAS®Listeria monocytogenes Xpress (LMX) is an automated rapid screening enzyme immunoassay for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes in food products. The VIDAS LMX method was compared in a multi-laboratory collaborative study to AOAC Official Method 993.12 Listeria monocytogenes inMilk and Dairy Products reference method following current AOAC guidelines. A total of 14 laboratories participated, representing government and industry, throughout the United States. One matrix, queso fresco (soft Mexican cheese), was analyzed using two different test portion sizes, 25 and 125 g. Samples representing each portion size were artificially contaminated with L. monocytogenes at three levels: an uninoculated control level [0 colony forming units (CFU)/test portion], a low inoculum level (0.2–2 CFU/test portion), and a high inoculum level (2–5 CFU/test portion). For this evaluation, 1800 unpaired replicate test portions were analyzed by either the VIDAS LMX or AOAC 993.12. Each level was analyzed using the Probability of Detection (POD) statistical model. For the low-level inoculated test portions, difference in collaborator POD (dLPOD) values of 0.04, (–0.08, 0.15) and 0.01, (–0.10, 0.13), with 95% confidence intervals, were obtained, respectively, for 25 and 125 g test portions. The range of the confidence intervals for dLPOD values for both the 25 and 125 g test portions contain the point 0.0 indicating no statistically significant difference in the number of positive samples detected between the VIDAS LMX and the AOAC method. In addition to Oxford Agar (OXA), VIDAS LMX test portions were confirmed using Agar Listeria Ottavani and Agosti (ALOA), a proprietary chromogenic agar for the identification and differentiation of L.monocytogenes and Listeria species. No differences were observed between the two selective agars. The VIDAS LMX method, with the optional ALOA agar confirmation method, was adopted as Official First Action status for the detection of L. monocytogenes in a variety of foods.
Assessment of a Semiquantitative Liquid Chromatography- Fluorescence Detection Method for the Determination of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning Toxin Levels in Bivalve Molluscs from Great Britain
Authors: Turner Andrew D , Dhanji-Rapkova Monika , Baker Clothilde , Algoet Myriam 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
AOAC Official Method 2005.06 precolumn oxidation LC-fluorescence detection method has been used for many years for the detection and quantitation of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins in bivalve molluscs. After extensive single- and multiple-laboratory validation, the method has been slowly gaining acceptance worldwide as a useful and practical tool for official control testing. In Great Britain, the method has become routine since 2008, with no requirement since then for reverting back to the bioassay reference method. Although the method has been refined to be semiautomated, faster, and more reproducible, the quantitation step can be complex and time-consuming. An alternative approach was developed to utilize the qualitative screening results for generatinga semiquantitative results assessment. Data obtained over 5 years enabled the comparison of semiquantitative and fully quantitative PSP results in over 15 000 shellfish samples comprising eight different species showed that the semiquantitative approach resulted in over-estimated paralytic shellfish toxin levels by an average factor close to two in comparison with the fully quantified levels. No temporal trends were observed in the data or relating to species type, with the exception of surf clams. The comparison suggested a semiquantitative threshold of 800 μg saxitoxin (STX) eq/kg should provide a safe limitfor the determination of samples to be forwarded to full quantitation. However, the decision was taken to halve this limit to include an additional safety factor of 2, resulting in the use of a semiquantitative threshold of 400 μg STX eq/kg. Implementation of the semiquantitative method into routine testing would result in a significant reduction in the numbers of samples requiring quantitation and have a positive impact on the overall turnaround of reported PSP results. The refined method would be appropriate for any monitoring laboratory faced with high throughput requirements.
Preparation of Anti-Ciguatoxin Monoclonal Antibodies Using Synthetic Haptens: Sandwich ELISA Detection of Ciguatoxins
Authors: Tsumuraya Takeshi , Fujii Ikuo , Hirama Masahiro 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is a form of food poisoning caused by the consumption of fish that have accumulated a type of sodium channel activator toxin called ciguatoxins (CTXs), which are produced by dinoflagellates of the genus Gambierdiscus through the food chain. CFP affects more than 50 000 people each year. The extremely low level of CTXs in tainted fish has hampered the development of antibodies for the detection of these toxins. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific against major congeners of CTX3C, 51-hydroxyCTX3C, CTX1B, and 54-deoxyCTX1B were prepared by immunization of mice with protein conjugates of rationally designed synthetic haptens in place of the natural toxins. We found that haptenic groups possessing a surface area larger than 400 Å2 were required to produce mAbs that can bind strongly to CTXs. Direct sandwich ELISA utilizing two different monoclonal antibodies that bind specifically to one of the two wings of a CTX were established to detect CTXs. No cross-reactivity was observed against the other marine toxins tested, including brevetoxin A, brevetoxin B, okadaic acid, and maitotoxin.
Peripheral Lung Adenocarcinomas With KRAS Mutations Are More Likely to Invade Visceral Pleura
Authors: Raparia Kirtee , Villa Celina , Raj Rishi , Cagle Philip T. 
Published: April 2014

ContextKirsten-RAS (KRAS) mutations play an important role in the carcinogenesis of a subset of lung adenocarcinomas and are associated with poorer prognosis.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship of KRAS mutation status to the histologic subtype of adenocarcinoma according to the recent classification, patient demographics, tumor size, predominant histologic subtype, nodal status, and visceral pleural invasion, in an attempt to uncover the reason for the worse prognosis associated with KRAS mutation.DesignA total of 187 consecutive resected lung adenocarcinomas from our institution from 2008 to 2011 that were diagnosed according to the new International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society classification and screened for KRAS mutations were included in the study.ResultsA total of 32% of the adenocarcinomas harbored the KRAS mutation. The median age in the KRAS mutation group was 69 years (range, 43–86 years), and male to female ratio was 1:2.3. The proportion of heavy smokers was significantly higher in tumors with KRAS mutation compared with wild type (83% versus 62%; P = .01). A total of 27% of tumors with KRAS mutation had pleural invasion versus 11% of tumors without KRAS mutation (P = .009). A total of 59 tumor samples were positive for KRAS mutation (25 for G12C, 14 for G12A, 8 for G12V, 7 for G12D, 3 for G12S, and 1 for G12T), and only 3 tumors harbored codon 13 mutations (G13C). Two tumors had double mutations.ConclusionsKRAS mutations are more common in heavy smokers, and lung adenocarcinomas with KRAS mutation are more likely to invade the visceral pleura. Increased frequency of visceral pleural invasion may explain in part the worse prognosis associated with KRAS mutations.
The Decision on the “Optimal” Human Pluripotent Stem Cell
Authors: Rosner Margit , Schipany Katharina , Hengstschläger Markus 
Published: April 2014

Summary
Because of recent advances, the array of human pluripotent stem cells now contains embryonic stem cells, derived from “surplus” in vitro fertilization embryos or from cloned embryos; induced pluripotent stem cells; and amniotic fluid stem cells. Here, we compare these stem cell types regarding ethical and legal concerns, cultivation conditions, genomic stability, tumor developing potentials, and applicability for disease modeling and human therapy. This overview highlights that in the future appropriate methodological management must include a decision on the “optimal” stem cell to use before the specific application
Source parameter scaling and radiation efficiency of microearthquakes along the Irpinia fault zone in southern Apennines, Italy
Authors: Zollo Aldo , Orefice Antonella , Convertito Vincenzo 
Published: March 2014

AbstractWe analyzed the P and S wave displacement spectra of 717 microearthquakes in the moment range 4 × 109 − 2 × 1014 N m recorded at the dense networks operating in southern Apennines (Italy) and deployed along the 1980 Ms 6.9 Irpinia earthquake fault zone. Source, attenuation, and site parameters are estimated by using a parametric modeling approach, which is combined with a multistep, nonlinear inversion strategy. We found that in the analyzed frequency band, an attenuation model with constant Q has to be preferred to frequency‐dependent Q models. Consistent estimates of the median P and S quality factors (90; 296) and (114; 417) are obtained from two different techniques and relatively high values of QS/QP (median value 1.3, (0.8; 2.1)) are found in the same depth range where high VP/VS and a peak in seismicity distribution are observed. This is the evidence for a highly fractured, partially, or completely fluid‐saturated medium embedding the Irpinia fault zone, down to crustal depths of 15–20 km. A nearly constant stress drop (, (0.4; 5.0)) and apparent stress (, (0.03, 0.4)) scaling of P and S corner frequencies and seismic energies is observed above a seismic moment value of about 1011 N m. The measured radiation efficiency is low (), e.g., the radiated energy is only a small fraction of the whole energy spent by friction and fracture development. A large positive dynamic overshoot (high dynamic shear strength) can be the dominant mechanism controlling the microearthquake fractures along the Irpinia fault zone.
Plasma‐brominated cyclo‐olefin polymer slides: Suitable macroinitiators for activator regenerated by electron transfer/atom radical transfer polymerization
Authors: Heise Christian , Schedler Uwe , Wettmarshausen Sascha , Friedrich Jörg F. 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTActivators regenerated by electron transfer–atom radical transfer polymerization (ATRP) as a controlled living polymerization are distinguished by their acceptance of small amounts of transition‐metal complexes and oxygen and by their tolerance of reducing agents at a high concentration. The precondition of all ATRP applications is the use of homolytic or heterolytic cleavable halides as a dormant species; this allows the propagation of monomer chains. Hence, alkyl bromides are slightly cleavable and are the preferred initiators for ATRP. The bromination of polymer slides used as macroinitiators was carried out under gentle bromoform plasma conditions. This led to an oxidation‐resistant stable bromine layer. More than 20 bromines per 100 carbons on the polymer scaffold were permanently bound to the substrate after plasma treatment. The resulting amounts of secondary and tertiary bromines on the polymer scaffold exhibited a suitable macroinitiator concentration for the surface‐initiated polymerization of methyl methacrylate and glycidyl methacrylate. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40662.
Formation of SBS triblock copolymers using waste soybean oil as coupling agent
Authors: Zhang Jin , Li Lin , Boonkerd Kanoktip , Kim Jin Kuk 
Published: March 2014

AbstractTriglyceride in the waste soybean oil (WSO) was used as coupling agent to synthesize a linear styrene‐butadiene‐styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer. The reaction occurred via a living anionic polymerization of styrene‐butadiene block copolymer (SB) using n‐butyllithium as initiator and cyclohexane as solvent and followed by the coupling reaction with the added WSO. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) showed that for all SB‐Li precursors except the one with the Mn of 1000 g/mol, the resultant products consisted of two different sizes, one with the nearly comparable size with the precursor, the other with a Mn two‐fold higher than the precursor. On the other hand, the reaction of the SB‐Li precursor with the Mn of 1000 g/mol and the WSO only resulted in forming the molecule with a Mn two‐fold higher than the precursor. The results from the GPC and spectral analysis supported that upon the nucleophilic attack the ester group of the triglyceride in the WSO was broken, giving the SB‐C(O)‐fatty acid susceptible to the second the nucleophilic attack, thus forming the coupled product. The size of the SB‐Li precursor, the SB‐Li : WSO molar ratio, the S:B weight ratio and the coupling time were found to influence on the coupling efficiency. However, the size of the SB‐Li precursor showed highest impact on the coupling efficiency at which the larger the SB‐Li precursor, the lower the coupling efficiency. Regardless of the low coupling efficiency of the WSO, the WSO was found to be a potential coupling agent for the formation of the linear triblock copolymer. This was because the SBS triblock copolymer containing high SB diblock copolymers and prepared by the WSO showed slightly higher tensile strength than the one with less SB diblock copolymers prepared by a traditional coupling agent. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40684.