bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Multicentre Evaluation of Sustained Release Oxprenolol in the Management of Hypertension in Hospital Out-Patient Practice
Authors: Forrest W A 
Published: September 2014

One hundred and two patients with essential hypertension, managed in hospital out-patient clinics in the United Kingdom on a drug regime of beta-receptor antagonist alone, or in combination with a diuretic were successfully transferred to once daily sustained release oxprenolol. Where a diuretic was prescribed the dose remained unchanged. Improved control of blood pressure was recorded in the majority of patients with one or two morning tablets of sustained release oxprenolol. Preference for once daily therapy, enthusiasm for the calendar pack, and a net increase in the mean daily dosage of a beta-receptor antagonist were the probable factors contributing to the improvement recorded. Once daily sustained release oxprenolol would appear, in most hypertensive patients, to be an effective substitute for multi-dose treatment with beta-receptor antagonists in conventional formulation.
Tanderil®/Chloramphenicol Eye Ointment in the Treatment of the “Red Eye” Seen in General Practice
Authors: Rushford W A I , Holman R M , Pulvertaft T B 
Published: September 2014

An open study is reported in which 35 general practitioners treated 128 patients suffering from ‘Red Eye’ with a new eye ointment containing 10% Tanderil (oxyphenbutazone) and 1% chloramphenicol. One hundred and seventeen patients completed the seven day treatment period, in which time 99 had complete resolution of the symptoms and were discharged, the remaining 18 patients needed a longer period of treatment. Eleven patients failed to complete the study period, of whom 5 patients were subsequently referred to a specialist and 6 had their treatment changed by the general practitioner. Six patients showed signs of allergy to the ointment, all of whom were being treated for allergic conjunctivitis. Seventeen per cent of patients had some difficulty in applying the eye ointment or complained of subsequent blurring of vision.
Randomized Controlled Trial of Syn-Ergel and an Active Placebo in the Treatment of Heartburn of Pregnancy
Authors: Shaw R W 
Published: September 2014

A randomized controlled trial was performed to study the efficacy of Syn-Ergel with an active placebo in the treatment of heartburn of pregnancy in ninety-two patients completing 7 days of therapy. Syn-Ergel was significantly better (p 0.001) in all groups of pre-treatment pain severity in relieving the symptoms, and had a longer duration of action, than the active placebo. Complete relief of pain was achieved in 79.5% of Syn-Ergel treatments with a further 10% of treatments resulting in marked easing of discomfort at 1 hour following administration. The corresponding figures for the ‘active placebo’ were 56% and 20%. The combination of an antacid and a protective mucosal coating agent would appear to be a useful approach in the treatment of heartburn of pregnancy.
Treatment of Nausea and Vomiting Related to Anti-Cancerous Multiple Combination Chemotherapy: Results of Two Controlled Studies
Authors: Israel L , Rodary C 
Published: September 2014

Two controlled double-blind studies were carried out successively on a cancerous out-patient population receiving multiple combination chemotherapy at successive treatment courses to show the anti-emetic efficiency of metopimazine compared to a placebo. The patient was taken as his own control and the treatment, order was randomly selected. The first trial ▄ consisting of sixty-seven patients, showed a weak statistically significant difference (0.05 < p < 0.10) between metopimazine at doses of 30 mg/day or 15 mg/day and a placebo. The second trial ▄ comparing a higher dose of metopimazine (45 mg/day) among one hundred and sixteen patients, showed a highly statistically significant therapeutic advantage over a placebo (0.001 < p < 0.01).
Tolciclate in the Local Treatment of Skin Candidiases: A Double-Blind Controlled Multiclinic Trial versus Clotrimazole
Authors: Battaglia A , Intini C , Perbellini A , Guglielminetti M , Viaro D , Sacchetti G 
Published: September 2014

A controlled double-blind multiclinic trial comparing the activity and tolerability of tolciclate and clotrimazole on skin candidiasis was carried out in twenty-seven dermatological departments throughout Italy. Two hundred and seventy-eight patients were admitted to the trial. Tolciclate and clotrimazole 1% cream and lotion were applied twice a day for a mean time of about 3 weeks. Efficacy was evaluated weekly during the treatment both by clinical and mycological (culture) examinations. Culture baseline findings were positive for Candida sp in about 72% of cases; C. albicans was the most frequent species (41·5%) but also C. krusei and C. stellatoidea were isolated in a high percentage of cases. Tolciclate induced clinical cure or improvement in 89·7% of cases, mycological conversion in 73·6% with an overall efficacy (clinical + mycological) in 72·2%. Clotrimazole gave comparable results with, respectively, 95·7% of clinical cure or improvement, 75·3% of culture conversion and 77·6% of overall efficacy. The differences were small and statistically not significant. Tolerability was good and similar in both experimental groups.
The Effect of Clemastine and Hydroxyzine on Cutaneous Histamine Response in Man
Authors: Rihoux J P , Polderman J 
Published: September 2014

Histamine-induced cutaneous wheals were measured in five healthy volunteers 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours after per os administration of a single dose of clemastine 1 mg and hydroxyzine 25 mg. Clemastine produced a mean wheal suppression of 9%, 18%, 18% and 6%, while hydroxyzine produced a mean wheal suppression of 49%, 73%, 82% and 77%. This experiment demonstrates the potent and long-lasting anti-H1 effect of hydroxyzine.
A Multicentre Comparison of Flurbiprofen and Naproxen in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Four-Week Study in 118 Patients
Authors: Ligniere G Cherie , Còlamussi V , Cozzolongo A C , Loizzi P , Frizziero L , Mattara L , Zorzin L 
Published: September 2014

One-hundred and eighteen patients with rheumatoid arthritis were treated for 4 weeks with flurbiprofen 300 mg/day (sixty patients) or naproxen 750 mg/day (fifty-eight patients) in a six-centre randomized trial. Flurbiprofen proved to be more effective than naproxen in reducing morning stiffness (p < 0·01), Ritchie articular index (p < 0·01) and number of swollen joints (p < 0·05) and in relieving night pain (p < 0·01). The incidence and severity of side-effects, mainly gastric, were both low and similar with flurbiprofen (17%) and naproxen (19%).
A Double-Blind Comparison of Terfenadine and Mequitazine in the Symptomatic Treatment of Acute Pollinosis
Authors: Hugonot L , Hugonot R , Beaumont D , Cahen  , Colomby  , Dufour  , Gardant  , Krotenberg  , Mathes  , Maurin  , Oualid  , Rouach  , Caperan  , Pin  , Zambelli  
Published: September 2014

This study was a double-blind, parallel group comparison of terfenadine (TRF) 60 mg b.i.d. and mequitazine (MQZ) 5 mg b.i.d. for 7 days in the symptomatic treatment of acute pollinosis. The trial took place in the same geographic area and during the same pollen season (May-July 85), to ensure homogeneity of the study population. The fourteen investigators participating in this multicentre trial recruited 141 patients (69 TRF; 72 MQZ) suffering from well-documented pollinosis, mainly hay fever and sometimes allergy to tree pollens. Symptoms (nasal itching, sneezing, rhinorrhoea, obstruction, conjunctivitis) and possible somnolence were rated daily using a 4-point rating-scale of 0 to 3 by the patient on a diary card. Assessment of over-all efficacy and tolerability – focusing on atropinic side-effects – was made at the end of the seven-days treatment period by the physician, after reviewing the diary card and questioning the patient. The means score profile of each symptom for the study period was similar with the two treatments. Both had a fast onset of action with the regression of the total symptoms' score being already significant at day 1. Over-all assessment of efficacy at day 7 showed no significant difference between the two treatments. The daily somnolence scores however showed a clear and significant difference between the two drugs: the frequency of moderate to marked somnolence from day 2 to 7 was around 15% with MQZ and around 5% on days 2 to 5 and 0% on days 6 and 7 with TRF, the difference being significant on days 2, 5, 6 and 7. The incidence of blurred vision was 7% with MQZ requiring cessation of therapy in one patient, compared with 0% with TRF (p < 0-06). Side-effects other than somnolence and atropinic effects were reported in two TRF and six MQZ patients. In conclusion terfenadine and mequitazine displayed the same efficacy for symptoms of pollinosis, but terfenadinie was better tolerated.
RV11 (Propionyl Erythromycin Mercaptosuccinate) Pharmacokinetics in Bronchial Secretions
Authors: Concia E , Marone P , Moreo G C , Sardi C , Braschi R 
Published: September 2014

The kinetics of RV11 (propionyl erythromycin mercaptosuccinate) in serum and bronchial secretions was investigated in heterogeneous bronchopneumopathic patients requiring diagnostic bronchoscopy. A single oral dose, equivalent to 500 mg of erythromycin base, was administered to all patients and the bronchial secretion and plasma concentrations were determined after 2, 3 and 4 hr. The bronchial secretion and plasma levels consistently exceeded those reported previously for erythromycin per os, suggesting that RV11 may have an unusually high affinity for bronchial secretions in humans. The results of this study also suggested that RV11 might have different kinetics in bronchial secretions and serum, though further studies are required to provide definitive evidence.
Clinical Experience with Intravenous Augmentin in the Treatment of Paediatric Infections
Authors: Ploechl E , Huber E G 
Published: September 2014

The clinical efficacy of intravenous Augmentin (a formulation containing amoxycillin plus clavulanic acid) was investigated in an open study in fifty-eight children with a mean age of 6 years (range 1–15 years). The normal dosage was in the range 100–200 mg/kg/day Augmentin, administered parenterally by short i.v. infusion in 3 or 4 divided doses. Most patients were hospitalised for lower respiratory tract infections. Complete clinical cure or distinct clinical improvement was achieved in all assessable cases. Bacteriological success was obtained in 92% of the assessable cases. In two patients, mild, transient exanthema was noted after i.v. Augmentin was replaced by oral Augmentin. No additional therapeutic measures were required.
Tolérance de l'Association Amoxicilline–Acide Clavulanique chez l'Enfant
Authors: Tazi-Lakhsassi L , Abid A , Sehlane M 
Published: September 2014

Forty children all aged over 2 years and eutrophic were treated with the combination amoxycillin and clavulanic acid for various infections (twenty-three with meningitis, eleven with bronchial pneumonia, three with typhoid fever, two with lower urinary tract infections and one with ear infection of moderate severity). Nine of these patients had sickness during treatment which was mild and transient in the majority of cases and caused treatment to be stopped in only one case (2·5%). This low level of gastric tolerance should not concern the paediatrician faced with an infection due to (or most likely to be) a β-lactamase producing micro-organism.
HOXA9 promotes hematopoietic commitment of human embryonic stem cells
Authors: Ramos-Mejía Veronica , Navarro-Montero Oscar , Ayllón Verónica , Bueno Clara , Romero Tamara , Real Pedro J. , Menendez Pablo 
Published: September 2014

Key Points
HOXA9 parallels blood development, but is restricted to HEP, and diminishes as they differentiate into blood cells. Functional assays reveal how HOXA9 enhances blood formation by promoting commitment of HEP to CD45+ cells with higher clonogenic potential.
Moderate-dose cyclophosphamide for severe aplastic anemia has significant toxicity and does not prevent relapse and clonal evolution
Authors: Scheinberg Phillip , Townsley Danielle , Dumitriu Bogdan , Scheinberg Priscila , Weinstein Barbara , Daphtary Maithili , Rios Olga , Wu Colin O. , Young Neal S. 
Published: September 2014

Key Points
Moderate-dose cyclophosphamide is associated with an unacceptable rate of toxicity in SAA, as in high-dose cyclophosphamide. Moderate-dose cyclophosphamide is an active regimen but is associated with a low response and does not prevent relapse or clonal evolution.
Prospective validation of the endurance shuttle walking test in the context of bronchodilation in COPD
Authors: Borel Benoit , Pepin Véronique , Mahler Donald A. , Nadreau Éric , Maltais François 
Published: September 2014

This study focused on repeatability data and minimal important difference (MID) estimates of the endurance shuttle walking test (ESWT).255 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients (forced expiratory volume in 1 s 54.7±13.2% predicted) completed four ESWTs at different times during the 8-week study: two under baseline conditions with tiotropium (1 week apart), one after a single dose and one after 4 weeks of either fluticasone propionate/salmeterol combination or placebo in addition to tiotropium. 97 patients performed all the tests with a portable metabolic system. Reproducibility of test performance and cardiorespiratory response was investigated with the data obtained on the first two ESWTs.The mean differences between the first two ESWT performances (-6.7±72.2 s and -7.3±113.1 m for endurance time and walking distance, respectively) were not statistically significant. The between-test end-exercise and isotime values for each cardiorespiratory parameter were not significantly different from each other. With the exception of arterial oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry, the repeatability of cardiorespiratory adaptations to ESWT was also confirmed with strong Pearson and intraclass correlation coefficients. Finally, changes of 56–61 s and 70–82 m in endurance time and distance walked, respectively, were perceived by patients.This study provides methodological information supporting the reliability of the ESWT and suggests MID estimates for this test.
The different clinical faces of obstructive sleep apnoea: a cluster analysis
Authors: Ye Lichuan , Pien Grace W. , Ratcliffe Sarah J. , Björnsdottir Erla , Arnardottir Erna Sif , Pack Allan I. , Benediktsdottir Bryndis , Gislason Thorarinn 
Published: September 2014

Although commonly observed in clinical practice, the heterogeneity of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) clinical presentation has not been formally characterised.This study was the first to apply cluster analysis to identify subtypes of patients with OSA who experience distinct combinations of symptoms and comorbidities. An analysis of baseline data from the Icelandic Sleep Apnoea Cohort (822 patients with newly diagnosed moderate-to-severe OSA) was performed.Three distinct clusters were identified. They were classified as the “disturbed sleep group” (cluster 1), “minimally symptomatic group” (cluster 2) and “excessive daytime sleepiness group” (cluster 3), consisting of 32.7%, 24.7% and 42.6% of the entire cohort, respectively. The probabilities of having comorbid hypertension and cardiovascular disease were highest in cluster 2 but lowest in cluster 3. The clusters did not differ significantly in terms of sex, body mass index or apnoea–hypopnoea index.Patients with OSA have different patterns of clinical presentation, which need to be communicated to both the lay public and the professional community with the goal of facilitating care-seeking and early identification of OSA. Identifying distinct clinical profiles of OSA creates a foundation for offering more personalised therapies in the future.
A self-management programme for COPD: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Mitchell Katy E. , Johnson-Warrington Vicki , Apps Lindsay D. , Bankart John , Sewell Louise , Williams Johanna E. , Rees Karen , Jolly Kate , Steiner Michael , Morgan Mike , Singh Sally J. 
Published: September 2014

Studies of programmes of self-management support for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been inconclusive. The Self-Management Programme of Activity, Coping and Education (SPACE) FOR COPD is a 6-week self-management intervention for COPD, and this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention in primary care.A single-blind randomised controlled trial recruited people with COPD from primary care and randomised participants to receive usual care or SPACE FOR COPD. Outcome measures were performed at baseline, 6 weeks and 6 months. The primary outcome was symptom burden, measured by the self-reported Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ-SR) dyspnoea domain. Secondary outcomes included other domains of the CRQ-SR, shuttle walking tests, disease knowledge, anxiety, depression, self-efficacy, smoking status and healthcare utilisation.184 people with COPD were recruited and randomised. At 6 weeks, there were significant differences between groups in CRQ-SR dyspnoea, fatigue and emotion scores, exercise performance, anxiety, and disease knowledge. At 6 months, there was no between-group difference in change in CRQ-SR dyspnoea. Exercise performance, anxiety and smoking status were significantly different between groups at 6 months, in favour of the intervention.This brief self-management intervention did not improve dyspnoea over and above usual care at 6 months; however, there were gains in anxiety, exercise performance, and disease knowledge.
Ciliary beat pattern and frequency in genetic variants of primary ciliary dyskinesia
Authors: Raidt Johanna , Wallmeier Julia , Hjeij Rim , Onnebrink Jörg Große , Pennekamp Petra , Loges Niki T. , Olbrich Heike , Häffner Karsten , Dougherty Gerard W. , Omran Heymut , Werner Claudius 
Published: September 2014

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genetic disorder leading to recurrent respiratory tract infections. High-speed video-microscopy analysis (HVMA) of ciliary beating, currently the first-line diagnostic tool for PCD in most centres, is challenging because recent studies have expanded the spectrum of HVMA findings in PCD from grossly abnormal to very subtle. The objective of this study was to describe the diversity of HVMA findings in genetically confirmed PCD individuals.HVMA was performed as part of the routine work-up of individuals with suspected PCD. Subsequent molecular analysis identified biallelic mutations in the PCD-related genes of 66 individuals. 1072 videos of these subjects were assessed for correlation with the genotype.Biallelic mutations (19 novel) were found in 17 genes:DNAI1, DNAI2,DNAH5,DNAH11,CCDC103,ARMC4,KTU/DNAAF2,LRRC50/DNAAF1,LRRC6,DYX1C1,ZMYND10,CCDC39, CCDC40, CCDC164, HYDIN,RSPH4AandRSPH1. Ciliary beat pattern variations correlated well with the genetic findings, allowing the classification of typical HVMA findings for different genetic groups. In contrast, analysis of ciliary beat frequency did not result in additional diagnostic impact.In conclusion, this study provides detailed knowledge about the diversity of HVMA findings in PCD and may therefore be seen as a guide to the improvement of PCD diagnostics.
Effect of upper-airway stimulation for obstructive sleep apnoea on airway dimensions
Authors: Safiruddin Faiza , Vanderveken Olivier M. , de Vries Nico , Maurer Joachim T. , Lee Kent , Ni Quan , Strohl Kingman P. 
Published: September 2014

Upper-airway stimulation (UAS) using a unilateral implantable neurostimulator for the hypoglossal nerve is an effective therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea patients with continuous positive airway pressure intolerance. This study evaluated stimulation effects on retropalatal and retrolingual dimensions during drug-induced sedation compared with wakefulness to assess mechanistic relationships in response to UAS.Patients with an implanted stimulator underwent nasal video endoscopy while awake and/or during drug-induced sedation in the supine position. The cross-sectional area, anterior–posterior and lateral dimensions of the retropalatal and retrolingual regions were measured during baseline and stimulation.15 patients underwent endoscopy while awake and 12 underwent drug-induced sedation endoscopy. Increased levels of stimulation were associated with increased area of both the retropalatal and retrolingual regions. During wakefulness, a therapeutic level of stimulation increased the retropalatal area by 56.4% (p=0.002) and retrolingual area by 184.1% (p=0.006). During stimulation, the retropalatal area enlarged in the anterior–posterior dimension while retrolingual area enlarged in both anterior–posterior and lateral dimensions. During drug-induced sedation endoscopy, the same stimulation increased the retropalatal area by 180.0% (p=0.002) and retrolingual area by 130.1% (p=0.008). Therapy responders had larger retropalatal enlargement with stimulation than nonresponders.UAS increases both the retropalatal and retrolingual areas. This multilevel enlargement may explain reductions of the apnoea–hypopnoea index in selected patients receiving this therapy.
Forced expiratory flows’ contribution to lung function interpretation in schoolchildren
Authors: Boutin Bernard , Koskas Marc , Guillo Houda , Maingot Lucia , La Rocca Marie-Claude , Boulé Michèle , Just Jocelyne , Momas Isabelle , Corinne Alberti , Beydon Nicole 
Published: September 2014

Forced expiratory flow (FEF) at low lung volumes are supposed to be better at detecting lung-function impairment in asthmatic children than a forced volume. The aim of this study was to examine whether FEF results could modify the interpretation of baseline and post-bronchodilator spirometry in asthmatic schoolchildren in whom forced expiratory volumes are within the normal range.Spirometry, with post-bronchodilator vital capacity within 10% of that of baseline in healthy and asthmatic children, was recorded prospectively. We defined abnormal baseline values expressed as z-scores <-1.645, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) reversibility as a baseline increase >12%, FEF reversibility as an increase larger than the 2.5th percentile of post-bronchodilator changes in healthy children.Among 66 healthy and 50 asthmatic schoolchildren, only two (1.7%) children with normal vital capacity and no airways obstruction had abnormal baseline forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of forced vital capacity (FEF25–75%). After bronchodilation, among the 45 asthmatic children without FEV1reversibility, 5 (11.1%) had an FEF25–75%increase that exceeded the reference interval.Isolated abnormal baseline values or significant post-bronchodilator changes in FEF are rare situations in asthmatic schoolchildren with good spirometry quality.