bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ProVent model learns to speak French
Authors: Cox Christopher E 
Published: October 2014

AbstractLeroy and colleagues report on the accuracy of the Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation Prognostic Model (`ProVent’) in a cohort study of patients ventilated for at least 21 days in one of three hospitals in the north of France. This study is noteworthy because it is the first to describe the performance of the ProVent model both outside the US and in a community hospital-based setting.
Isotretinoin-associated Sweet’s syndrome: a case report
Authors: Moghimi Jamileh , Pahlevan Daryiush , Azizzadeh Maryam , Hamidi Hamid , Pourazizi Mohsen 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

Objective
Sweet’s syndrome (SS) is characterized by various clinical symptoms, physical features, and pathological findings. Although cases of SS are very rare, there has been an increase in the incidence of drug-induced SS. Till date, there have been only few reported cases of isotretinoin-induced SS.

Case summary
In this report, we describe the case of a 19-year-old girl who developed SS after systemic treatment with oral isotretinoin for nodulocystic acne.

Conclusions
The findings of this report emphasize the importance of evaluating isotretinoin as a possible, though uncommon, cause of SS and replacing it with another treatment if its involvement is suspected.
Trading green backs for green crabs: evaluating the commercial shellfish harvest at risk from European green crab invasion
Authors: Mach Megan E , Chan Kai MA 
Published: October 2014

Nonnative species pose a threat to native biodiversity and can have immense impacts on biological communities, altering the function of ecosystems. How much value is at risk from high-impact invasive species, and which parameters determine variation in that value, constitutes critical knowledge for directing both management and research, but it is rarely available. We evaluated the value of the commercial shellfish harvest that is at risk in nearshore ecosystems of Puget Sound, Washington State, USA, from the invasive European green crab,Carcinus maenas. We assessed this value using a simple static ecological model combined with an economic model using data from Puget Sound’s shellfish harvest and revenue and the relationship betweenC. maenasabundance and the consumption rate of shellfish. The model incorporates a range inC. maenasdiet preference, calories consumed per year, and crab densities.C. maenasis likely to prey on commercially harvested hardshell clams, oysters, and mussels, which would likely reduce additional revenue from processing and distribution, and the number of jobs associated with these fisheries.The model results suggest possible revenue losses of these shellfish ranging from $1.03-23.8 million USD year-1(2.8-64% losses), with additional processing and distribution losses up to $17.6 million USD and 442 job positions each year associated with a range of plausible parameter values. The broad range of values reflects the uncertainty in key factors underlying impacts, factors that are highly variable across invaded regions and so not knowablea priori. However, future research evaluating species invasions can reduce the uncertainty of impacts by characterizing several key parameters: density of individuals, number of arrivals, predation and competition interactions, and economic impacts. This study therefore provides direction for research to inform more accurate estimates of value-at-risk, and suggests substantial motivation for strong measures to prevent, monitor, and manage the possible invasion ofC. maenas.
Scientific School “Real Economy Management”
Authors: Афанасьев  , Afanasev Valentin , Куканова  , Kukanova N. 
Published: October 2014

A concept of formation of scientific school &#34;Real Economy Managing&#34;, revealing activity’s basic directions,
based on fundamental knowledge, and representation of SUM’s scientific school founders have been
done in this paper. The scientific school head has been characterized in detail, his achievements, awards,
prizes and activities have been listed. The research team structure, united in the scientific school under
direction of V.Ya. Afanasiev, has been represented. New scientific schools emerged from the SUM’s base
scientific management school under the guidance of scientists who agree with founders’ scientific positions,
have been also marked. As practitioners followers have been marked persons on leadership positions in
real economy’s large organizations, such as State Corporation &#34;Rosatom&#34;, LLC &#34;NIIgazekonomika&#34;, JSC
&#34;NK Rosneft&#34;. An amount of doctoral candidates and graduate students who have defended their thesis
in different specialties and who are scientific reserve for scientific school human resource reproduction
has been depicted on diagrams. The main directions of team’s research, its results, patents and licenses,
scientific reserve, major publications have been listed further in this article. The team’s research mix with
particular purpose mark, justification and problems’ specification has been disclosed in conclusion.
Problems of Russian Oil Industry Integration in Global Energy Complex
Authors: Козеняшева  , Kozenyasheva Margarita , Афанасьев  , Afanasev Valentin 
Published: October 2014

A study of problems and prospects related to Russian oil industry integration in the global energy complex,
based on assessment of relationship and subordination of global system, structural economic and energy
crises, that had occurred in the late XX century, played a pivotal role in the transition to the post-industrial
era and led to cardinal changes in the global economy is considered in this paper.
Legal Nature of Supervisory Instruments above the Financial Market in the EU — Chosen Issues
Authors: Шаранец  , zaraniec Monika 
Published: October 2014

In the article taken analysis of character of supervisory instruments was as part of uni-form financial markets
the EU applied by EU organs of the supervision. To the end of 2010 the supervision of financial markets
constituted the control domain of Member States in the financial, procedural and organizational aspect.
At present European Sys-tem of Financial Supervisors (ESFS) and organs acting in his structures of the
EU su-pervision have a right to issuing decisions of superintendents directly binding supervised entities,
that is organs of the supervision and financial institutions acting on the market. A possibility of drawing
up by European Supervisiory Authorities (ESA) is a special standard solution of projects binding technical
standards (BTS) being subject to approving by the European Commission and having a power of direct
being applicable in all Member States.
Quality assurance of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Botswana
Authors: Matambo Stembile , Machakaire E , Motswere-Chirwa C , Legwaila K , Letsholathebe V , Dintwa E , Lu L , Voetsch AC , Glenshaw M 
Published: October 2014

Background: The HIV prevalence rate among pregnant women is 37% in Botswana. According to UNICEF (2011), maternal and under-5 mortality rates in Botswana were 160 per 100000 live births and 26 per 1000 live births, respectively. Therefore, this study sought to identify the effects of ongoing clinic audits of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) in Francistown, Botswana for the period 2008–2012. Methods: Existing data for all women attending antenatal and postnatal clinics were collected and collated manually from monthly from clinic PMTCT registers. Results: There were 19 720 new antenatal clinic visits between 2008 and 2012 with an HIV prevalence of 35% among the women. Mother-to-child transmission of HIV decreased from 3% in 2008 to 1% in 2012. The decrease was due, in part, to the introduction of triple antiretroviral prophylaxis/antiretroviral therapy (TAP/ARV) (PMTCT Option B) in 2011. Conclusions: Audit results over a 5-year period showed a steady improvement in the cascade of PMTCT interventions. Clinic audits should be implemented nationally to reduce maternal and under-5 mortality.
Iraq today in the thoughts of al-Wardi: The rule of the preachers
Authors: Ismael Tareq Y. , Ismael Jacqueline S. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In an effort to situate Ali al-Wardi’s larger body of scholarship, this article places him within his Iraqi and international intellectual milieu, highlighting the role of his book Preachers of the Sultan for its grounding of his later works, while at the same time asserting the seriousness with which he took the scholar’s role as an activist to bring knowledge to the public by which to better inform the grounding for, and exercise of, democratic politics. In particular, it highlights the empirical grounding al-Wardi captured through his explication of the Iraqi ‘split personality’ (izdiwajiyyah) as well as the unique role preachers play in dividing the social community through the justification of political power and promotion of sectarianism.
Le thème de la personnalité de base dans le monde arabe: Une étude comparative entre les travaux d’Ali al-Wardi et de quelques penseurs libanais
Authors: Tohmé-Tabet Annie M. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Cet article se penche sur le thème de la personnalité de base traité dans la littérature sociologique, anthropologique et psychologique du monde arabe. Le but recherché est de comprendre comment les chercheurs arabes ont appliqué ce concept forgé par l’école culturaliste américaine dans leurs contextes nationaux respectifs. Une comparaison du livre d’Ali al-Wardi La personnalité de l’individu irakien à une sélection d’ouvrages et d’articles écrits par des auteurs libanais comme Jean Salem, Mounir Chamoun et Joseph Mouwanès restreint l’angle d’observation à deux pays arabes à savoir l’Irak et le Liban. Un rapprochement systématique entre ces différents travaux dégage leurs similitudes et leurs dissemblances. Les expressions ou les termes utilisés pour désigner la personnalité de base comme « personnalité de l’individu irakien », « peuple libanais », etc., sont identifiés. Le répertoire des principales sources théoriques occidentales ou arabes et le mode de leur d’application sont établis. La démarche méthodologique et les résultats obtenus sont analysés.
Review Essay
Authors: Tschirgi Dan 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Ali al-Wardi’s contribution to America’s understanding of Iraq
Understanding Iraq: Society, Culture and Personality, Ali al-Wardi (trans. F. Baali) ([1965] 2008) Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 129 pp. ISBN 978 0773451209 (hbk), $189.00.
Iraq in Turmoil: Historical Perspectives of Dr. Ali al-Wardi, From the Ottoman Empire to King Feisal, Youseff Aboul-Enien (ed.) (2012) Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 224 pp. ISBN 978 1612510774 (hbk), $32.95.
Trapped by bureaucracy: Kieślowski, his masters and the making of Urzᶏd
Authors: Misiak Anna 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
This article identifies those film-makers who supervised Kieślowski when he was working on Urzᶏd. It demonstrates that he creatively surpassed his documentary tutors’ tactics of portraying the communist society and this is why the short’s caricature of bureaucracy has stood the test of time.
Photographing people’s feelings: The patient eye of Kieślowski and Karabasz
Authors: Haltof Marek 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
This article focuses on the mutual interest of Kieślowski and his mentor Karabasz in undistinguished characters captured ‘in depth rather than breadth’. Faces shown in close-ups tell the story of ‘irreparable injustice that so visibly scars the human face’.
In the style of Kazimierz Karabasz
Authors: Jazdon Mikołaj 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The film was shot under the strong influence of its artistic supervisor, Kazimierz Karabasz, the leading documentary film-maker in Poland of 1960s. Like Karabasz in his short docs, Kieslowski decided to film a cyclically repeating event, allowing for penetrating enquiry before shooting and writing a detailed script.
On the malaise and menace of a pencil sharpener: Editing emotional subjectivity from objective reality
Authors: Bohlinger Vincent 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Two shots of a pencil being sharpened (Shots 11 and 13) help to convey a sense of bureaucratic malaise and menace. This article focuses primarily on Shots 10–14 in order to demonstrate how the film’s direct cinema-style editing gives added meaning to an otherwise seemingly objective, mundane, quotidian office activity.
Leben aus der Hoffnung auf die Zurechtbringung aller
Authors: Frettlöh Magdalene L. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
An eschatological approach to the topic of reconciliation seems to be most promising in several respects. Taking the process of reconciliation in South Africa and the German penal system as examples of the probation of the eschatological hope of reconciliation on earth, this contribution examines in which way(s) this approach is viable. It shows that freedom, which creates reconciliation as hope based on justification of all, is deliverance towards forgiveness as a liberating process from the outside that presupposes being gifted from God.
Grundfragen und Schwerpunkte einer Mediennutzerethik
Authors: Leiner Martin 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Ethics for media users face the problem how ordinary users can be empowered to play an active role as ethically responsible subjects. Constituting a free media user is thus based on what Hegel called »bestimmte Negation« (particular negation) of some clearly negative effects of medias like the danger of addiction, the manipulation of worldviews, the withdrawal of attention, virtual ubiquity, para-social relationships. This article argues for favoring bodily-dialogical reality over virtual, technically conserved, derived reality. This aspect, which is one-sided if considered on its own, is thus to be connected with an appreciation of media as means of real encounter that is founded in the teaching of the media salutis (means of salvation). Ethics for media users aims to enable the use of high quality media in an enjoyable way.
5‐azacytidine inhibits nonsense‐mediated decay in a MYC‐dependent fashion
Authors: Bhuvanagiri Madhuri , Lewis Joe , Putzker Kerstin , Becker Jonas P , Leicht Stefan , Krijgsveld Jeroen , Batra Richa , Turnwald Brad , Jovanovic Bogdan , Hauer Christian , Sieber Jana , Hentze Matthias W , Kulozik Andreas E 
Published: October 2014

AbstractNonsense‐mediated RNA decay (NMD) is an RNA‐based quality control mechanism that eliminates transcripts bearing premature translation termination codons (PTC). Approximately, one‐third of all inherited disorders and some forms of cancer are caused by nonsense or frame shift mutations that introduce PTCs, and NMD can modulate the clinical phenotype of these diseases. 5‐azacytidine is an analogue of the naturally occurring pyrimidine nucleoside cytidine, which is approved for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome and myeloid leukemia. Here, we reveal that 5‐azacytidine inhibits NMD in a dose‐dependent fashion specifically upregulating the expression of both PTC‐containing mutant and cellular NMD targets. Moreover, this activity of 5‐azacytidine depends on the induction of MYC expression, thus providing a link between the effect of this drug and one of the key cellular pathways that are known to affect NMD activity. Furthermore, the effective concentration of 5‐azacytidine in cells corresponds to drug levels used in patients, qualifying 5‐azacytidine as a candidate drug that could potentially be repurposed for the treatment of Mendelian and acquired genetic diseases that are caused by PTC mutations.
Primary hyperparathyroidism due to atypical vertically long cystic adenoma
Authors: Kawashima Sachiko-Tsukamoto , Usui Takeshi , Ueda Yohei , Kobayashi Maiko-Kakita , Tsuiki Mika , Tanase-Nakao Kanako , Nanba Kazutaka , Tagami Tetsuya , Naruse Mitsuhide , Watanabe Yoshiki , Asato Ryo , Kato Sumiko , Shimatsu Akira 
Published: October 2014

Summary
Parathyroid cystic adenomas are often misdiagnosed as thyroid cysts and routine preoperative diagnostic tools, such as ultrasonography (US) or 99m technetium-sestamibi (99mTc-MIBI) scans, cannot clearly distinguish between these entities. We present a 67-year-old hypercalcemic woman with a cervical cystic lesion who had negative sestamibi scan results. Her laboratory data indicated primary hyperparathyroidism (serum calcium concentration 14.0 mg/dl, phosphate concentration 2.3 mg/dl, and intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentration 239 pg/ml). The cervical US and computed tomography scans revealed a large and vertically long cystic mass (12×11×54 mm). A mass was located from the upper end of the left thyroid lobe to the submandibular region and was not clearly distinguishable from the thyroid. For preoperative definitive diagnosis, we carried out a parathyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and PTH assay (PTH–FNA) of liquid aspirated from the cyst. The intact PTH–FNA concentration was 1.28×106 pg/ml, and the patient was diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism due to a cystic mass. She underwent a left upper parathyroidectomy and her serum calcium and intact PTH concentration immediately decreased to normal levels. This report describes the usefulness of PTH–FNA for localizing and differentiating an atypical functional parathyroid lesion from nonfunctional tissue in primary hyperparathyroidism.

Learning points

Cystic parathyroid lesions, even in the case of elevated PTH levels, can produce negative results in 99mTc-MIBI scans.

Preoperative diagnosis of parathyroid cysts detectable on US is possible by parathyroid FNA and PTH assay (PTH–FNA) of liquid aspirated from the cyst, if malignancy is not suspected.

PTH–FNA could be helpful in the differential diagnosis of an equivocal cervical tumor.
Mental Health of Prisoners: Identifying Barriers to Mental Health Treatment and Medication Continuity
Authors: Reingle Gonzalez Jennifer M. , Connell Nadine M. 
Published: October 2014

Objectives. We assessed mental health screening and medication continuity in a nationally representative sample of US prisoners. Methods. We obtained data from 18 185 prisoners interviewed in the 2004 Survey of Inmates in State and Federal Correctional Facilities. We conducted survey logistic regressions with Stata version 13. Results. About 26% of the inmates were diagnosed with a mental health condition at some point during their lifetime, and a very small proportion (18%) were taking medication for their condition(s) on admission to prison. In prison, more than 50% of those who were medicated for mental health conditions at admission did not receive pharmacotherapy in prison. Inmates with schizophrenia were most likely to receive pharmacotherapy compared with those presenting with less overt conditions (e.g., depression). This lack of treatment continuity is partially attributable to screening procedures that do not result in treatment by a medical professional in prison. Conclusions. A substantial portion of the prison population is not receiving treatment for mental health conditions. This treatment discontinuity has the potential to affect both recidivism and health care costs on release from prison.
Ethnic Density and Depressive Symptoms Among African Americans: Threshold and Differential Effects Across Social and Demographic Subgroups
Authors: Bécares Laia , Nazroo James , Jackson James 
Published: October 2014

Objectives. We examined the association between Black ethnic density and depressive symptoms among African Americans. We sought to ascertain whether a threshold exists in the association between Black ethnic density and an important mental health outcome, and to identify differential effects of this association across social, economic, and demographic subpopulations. Methods. We analyzed the African American sample (n = 3570) from the National Survey of American Life, which we geocoded to the 2000 US Census. We determined the threshold with a multivariable regression spline model. We examined differential effects of ethnic density with random-effects multilevel linear regressions stratified by sociodemographic characteristics. Results. The protective association between Black ethnic density and depressive symptoms changed direction, becoming a detrimental effect, when ethnic density reached 85%. Black ethnic density was protective for lower socioeconomic positions and detrimental for the better-off categories. The masking effects of area deprivation were stronger in the highest levels of Black ethnic density. Conclusions. Addressing racism, racial discrimination, economic deprivation, and poor services—the main drivers differentiating ethnic density from residential segregation—will help to ensure that the racial/ethnic composition of a neighborhood is not a risk factor for poor mental health.
Use of Preventive Dental Care Among Medicaid-Enrolled, School-Aged US Children in Immigrant and Nonimmigrant Families: Trends in Pennsylvania From 2005 Through 2010
Authors: Yun Katherine , Chesnokova Arina , Shults Justine , Pinto Andres , Rubin David M. 
Published: October 2014

Objectives. We describe trends in receipt of preventive dental care among Medicaid-enrolled children in Pennsylvania between 2005 and 2010, comparing the US children of immigrants with their co-ethnic peers in nonimmigrant families.Methods. We analyzed Pennsylvania Medicaid claims, birth records, and census data for children born in Pennsylvania and enrolled in Medicaid for 10 or more months during any of the calendar years assessed.Results. Receipt of preventive dental care was more likely among Latino children in immigrant families than among their peers in nonimmigrant families; also, it was more likely among White children in immigrant families than among their peers in nonimmigrant families. Rates of preventive dental care use among African American and Asian children in immigrant and nonimmigrant families were comparable. From 2005 to 2010, the percentage of Latino children in nonimmigrant families who received preventive dental care increased from 33% to 61%. Changes in other groups were significant but less dramatic.Conclusions. Receipt of preventive dental care has increased among Medicaid-enrolled children in Pennsylvania, with marked gains among Latino children. Within each racial/ethnic group, the children of immigrants were either more likely than or equally likely as children in nonimmigrant families to receive care.
Effect of Network Social Capital on the Chances of Smoking Relapse: A Two-Year Follow-up Study of Urban-Dwelling Adults
Authors: Moore Spencer , Teixeira Ana , Stewart Steven 
Published: October 2014

Objectives. We sought to examine the prospective influence of social capital and social network ties on smoking relapse among adults.Methods. In 2010, a 2-year follow-up study was conducted with the 2008 Montreal Neighborhood Networks and Healthy Aging Study (MoNNET-HA) participants. We asked participants in 2008 and 2010 whether they had smoked in the past 30 days. Position and name generators were used to collect data on social capital and social connections. We used multilevel logistic analysis adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors to predict smoking relapse in 2010.Results. Of the 1400 MoNNET-HA follow-up participants, 1087 were nonsmokers in 2008. Among nonsmokers, 42 were smokers in 2010. Results revealed that participants with higher network social capital were less likely (odds ratio [OR] = 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.47, 0.96), whereas socially isolated participants (OR = 3.69; 95% CI = 1.36, 10.01) or those who had ties to smokers within the household (OR = 4.22; 95% CI = 1.52, 11.73) were more likely to report smoking in 2010.Conclusions. Social network capital reduced the chances of smoking relapse. Smoking cessation programs might aim to increase network diversity so as to prevent relapse.