bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross‐sectional study to identify health literacy, health behavior, and quality of life in Chofu and Komae cities in Japan: Formative research in community‐based nursing practice
Authors: Shimazaki Takashi , Shimura Yuri , Ohashi Toya , Nakamura Hideki , Asakawa Yuiko , Takahashi Kinu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Jikei Academic Nursing Practice Center for the Community developed a community nursing practice that matched community health problems and concerns in Chofu and Komae cities, suburban areas of the Tokyo Metropolis. This study aimed to identify health problems and high‐risk populations via an understanding of the practice of health behaviors, health literacy, and quality of life. This was an online, cross‐sectional study conducted in September 2023. In total, 1520 (Chofu: n = 1170; Komae: n = 350) participants were enrolled. Participants’ demographic characteristics, health literacy, health behaviors, and quality of life scores were obtained. Sleep quality was poor compared with national data. Younger participants had higher poor health literacy, did not practice health behaviors, and had a lower quality of life. In addition, parenting and informal nursing care for family members were associated with unhealthy eating, smoking, drinking, and poor quality of life. This study found that health problems and concerns before planning were significant in increasing the salience of interventions for community residents. Based on the findings of this study, an action plan for community‐wide nursing practice was created.
Subjective and objective assessment of color match of universal tinted sunscreens in Fitzpatrick skin phototypes I–VI
Authors: Bardhi Redina , Mokhtari Mohsen , Masood Mavra , Abdel‐Gadir Deena , McGowan Dorothea , Failla Olivia , Hamzavi Iltefat H. , Lim Henry W. , Kohli Indermeet , Mohammad Tasneem F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundTinted sunscreens not only shield against UV rays but also provide protection against visible light, as opposed to traditional sunscreens. Universal tinted sunscreens are marketed to complement all skin tones.ObjectiveTo assess color match and subject satisfaction for 7 universal tinted sunscreens across various price ranges in all Fitzpatrick skin phototypes (SPT).MethodsProducts A‐G were applied at concentrations of 1 and 2 mg/cm2 on the dorsal arms of 30 subjects spanning SPT I–VI. Photography, colorimetry, and subject and investigator surveys were utilized to determine color match.ResultsUsing colorimetry analysis at the recommended 2 mg/cm2 concentration, two of seven products were identified as suitable matches for SPT I–II, while six out of seven were determined to be a good match for SPT III–IV. However, only one product was found to be a good match for SPT V–VI at the recommended concentration according to colorimetry results.ConclusionUniversal tinted sunscreens do not provide an adequate color match for all skin phototypes, especially for individuals with very fair or very dark skin tones.
Fluorescence in situ hybridization‐negative intra‐articular myxoid liposarcoma with complex rearrangements involving EWSR1::DDIT3 detected using nanopore sequencing
Authors: Makise Naohiro , Lin Jason , Kageyama Hajime , Takeda Naoki , Oikawa Mariko , Sugiyama Takahiro , Kawana Hidetada , Araki Akinobu , Kinoshita Hideyuki , Kamoda Hiroto , Hagiwara Yoko , Yoshida Akihiko , Yonemoto Tsukasa , Kawazu Masahito , Itami Makiko 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMyxoid liposarcoma (MLPS) is a rare sarcoma, typically arising in deep soft tissues during the fourth to fifth decades of life. Histologically, MLPS is composed of uniform oval cells within a background of myxoid stroma and chicken‐wire capillaries. Genetically, MLPS is characterized by the FUS/EWSR1::DDIT3 fusion gene, which generally results from balanced interchromosomal translocation and is detectable via DDIT3 break‐apart fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Here, we report an unusual intra‐articular MLPS case, negative for DDIT3 break‐apart FISH but positive for EWSR1::DDIT3. An 18‐year‐old female was referred to our hospital complaining of an intra‐articular mass in the right knee joint. Histologically, the tumor was mainly composed of mature adipocytes, brown fat‐like cells, and lipoblasts. Nanopore sequencing detected DNA rearrangements between EWSR1 and DDIT3 and clustered complex rearrangements involving multiple chromosomes, suggesting chromoplexy. Methylation classification using random forest, t‐distributed stochastic neighbor embedding, and unsupervised hierarchical clustering correctly classified the tumor as MLPS. The copy number was almost flat. The TERT promoter C‐124T was also detected. This report highlights, for the first time, the potential value of a fast and low‐cost nanopore sequencer for diagnosing sarcomas.
Mass political murder: What and where is the hate?
Authors: McCauley Clark 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article explores the meaning and importance of hate in intergroup conflict, especially in conflict that moves to genocide or politicide. Review of controversies in defining hate leads to definition of hate as an extreme form of negative identification that includes perception of bad essence. Negative identification is inverse caring for others, as seen in studies of schadenfreude and gluckschmerz. Studies of dehumanization suggest that two forms of bad essence can be distinguished: evil human (entitativity essentializing) and infrahuman animal (natural kind essentializing). Studies also show that those who essentialize more are more ready to punish indiscriminately all members of a rival group—thus essentializing facilitates killing by category. Application of the negative‐identification‐bad‐essence definition of hate in the Nazi, Cambodian, and Rwandan cases indicates that leaders of political mass murder hate their victims, but that hate is relatively unimportant for those who do the killing. For the mass public that leaders and perpetrators claim to represent, the importance of hate as defined here is currently unknown. Implications are considered for measuring hate in texts and polls and for future directions of research on hate.
Passive representation: The effect of affirmative action bans on female representation in law enforcement
Authors: Nam Jaeyeong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStudies of representative bureaucracy often focus on underrepresented social groups in the public sector and examine the link between passive representation and active or symbolic representation. This study emphasizes that passive representation is not a fixed condition but can be influenced by policy interventions and shaped by historical passive representation. This study proposes hypotheses that affirmative action bans at the state level, which were adopted with an expectation to yield neutral outcomes by proponents, may not lead to neutral outcomes but can disproportionately decrease female representation in law enforcement. It tests hypotheses using both staggered and two‐way fixed‐effects difference‐in‐difference methods with city‐level panel data from 1988 to 2019. The findings indicate that affirmative action bans have decreased female representation in cities with more than 100 sworn officers. This study provides empirical evidence that the absence of affirmative action may result in the decreased representation of underrepresented and marginalized social groups.
Associations among the largest follicle, preovulatory estradiol concentrations, and predominant vaginal epithelial cells at the completion of hormonal ovarian stimulation for fixed‐time artificial insemination in goats
Authors: Promsao Nalinthip , Yama Punnawut , Suriard Assawadet , Butmata Wichayaporn , Mektrirat Raktham , Panatuk Julakorn , Inyawilert Wilasinee , Intawicha Payungsuk , Jitjumnong Jakree , Wang Chien‐Kai , Moonmanee Tossapol 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to investigate the association among the largest follicle (LF), preovulatory estradiol (E2), and predominant vaginal epithelial cell at the completion of hormonal ovarian stimulation for fixed‐time artificial insemination (FTAI) in goats. Thirty‐seven crossbred Boer does received gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) and intravaginal progesterone (P4)‐releasing devices (day 0). On day 5, P4 devices were removed and does received prostaglandin F2α and equine chorionic gonadotrophin. On day 7, does received GnRH, and FTAI was undertaken. On day 7, does were divided into three groups, i.e. small‐sized (3–3.9 mm; n = 5), medium‐sized (4–4.9 mm; n = 8), and large‐sized (≥5 mm; n = 24) according to the diameter of the ovarian LF; follicular characteristics (number and diameter) were identified, and blood samples and vaginal smears were collected. The average diameters of total antral follicles and LF and the percentage of superficial cell were greatest in large‐sized LF does (p < .01). The average diameters of total antral follicle (r = .68) and LF (r = .71), number of preovulatory follicle (r = .58), and plasma E2 concentrations (r = .61) were positively correlated with the percentage of superficial cells (p < .01). The likelihood of a pregnancy outcome after the FTAI increased by 13.71 times in does with a greater average diameter of antral follicle, 14.18 times with emergence of a large preovulatory follicle, and 36.83 times with a higher percentage of vaginal superficial cells (p < .01). It was concluded that there is a relationship between the cell types of the vaginal epithelium, the diameters of the largest ovarian follicles, and the concentration of E2 in goats subjected to FTAI protocols.
Organic farming improves soil carbon pools and aggregation of sandy soils in the Brazilian semi‐arid region
Authors: de Alencar Guilherme Viana , Gomes Lucas Carvalho , Barros Vanessa Maria de Souza , Ortiz Escobar Maria Eugenia , de Oliveira Teógenes Senna , Mendonça Eduardo de Sá 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOrganic agriculture can be a feasible alternative to improve soil organic carbon contents, but its effects on different carbon pools and the benefits for soil quality in sandy soils of warm climates are still poorly understood. This study aimed to assess the influence of organic and conventional farming systems on carbon pools, and its effects on soil chemical, physical, and biological quality in sandy soils of a semi‐arid region in northeastern Brazil. The experiment was conducted at three sites with different soil managements and adjacent natural vegetations in the municipality of Guaraciaba do Norte, Ceará, Brazil. Four soil profiles were opened, and soil samples were collected from 0 to 1 m depth for soil chemical analysis, and undisturbed soil samples from 0 to 40 cm depth for soil physical and micromorphological analysis. Organic management led to an increase in total organic carbon (from 7.34 to 20.47 g kg−1) at the 0–0.10 m depth, especially in the labile fraction. There was also a threefold increase in cation exchange capacity and up to a fourfold increase in P content in the soil surface layers. Additionally, organic systems led to better soil structure, porosity, and stability, as evidenced by an increase in the average diameter of soil aggregates. Within the aggregates, we found 240% more total organic carbon and 170% more total nitrogen in organic compared to conventional soil management. Micromorphological analysis allowed us to observe that soils under forestry and organic management have coarse quartz grains either totally or partially coated with clay by organic assemblage, while under conventional cultivation, there were reduced amounts of organic assemblages in the spaces between sand grains. Thus, organic farming is seen as a suitable practice for soil organic carbon formation in a short space of time (6 years), contributing to improving soil chemical quality and aggregation in sandy soils in semi‐arid northeastern Brazil.
Low relative air humidity and increased stomatal density independently hamper growth in young Arabidopsis
Authors: Tulva Ingmar , Koolmeister Kaspar , Hõrak Hanna 
Published: July 2024

SUMMARYStomatal pores in plant leaves mediate CO2 uptake for photosynthesis and water loss via transpiration. Altered stomatal density can affect plant photosynthetic capacity, water use efficiency, and growth, potentially providing either benefits or drawbacks depending on the environment. Here we explore, at different air humidity regimes, gas exchange, stomatal anatomy, and growth of Arabidopsis lines designed to combine increased stomatal density (epf1, epf2) with high stomatal sensitivity (ht1‐2, cyp707a1/a3). We show that the stomatal density and sensitivity traits combine as expected: higher stomatal density increases stomatal conductance, whereas the effect is smaller in the high stomatal sensitivity mutant backgrounds than in the epf1epf2 double mutant. Growth under low air humidity increases plant stomatal ratio with relatively more stomata allocated to the adaxial epidermis. Low relative air humidity and high stomatal density both independently impair plant growth. Higher evaporative demand did not punish increased stomatal density, nor did inherently low stomatal conductance provide any protection against low relative humidity. We propose that the detrimental effects of high stomatal density on plant growth at a young age are related to the cost of producing stomata; future experiments need to test if high stomatal densities might pay off in later life stages.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of bacteriophage therapy: a review with a focus on multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections
Authors: Siopi Maria , Skliros Dimitrios , Paranos Paschalis , Koumasi Nikoletta , Flemetakis Emmanouil , Pournaras Spyros , Meletiadis Joseph 
Published: July 2024

SUMMARY

Despite the early recognition of their therapeutic potential and the current escalation of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, the adoption of bacteriophages into mainstream clinical practice is hindered by unfamiliarity with their basic pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties, among others. Given the self-replicative nature of bacteriophages in the presence of host bacteria, the adsorption rate, and the clearance by the host’s immunity, their PK/PD characteristics cannot be estimated by conventional approaches, and thus, the introduction of new considerations is required. Furthermore, the multitude of different bacteriophage types, preparations, and treatment schedules impedes drawing general conclusions on their
in vivo
PK/PD features. Additionally, the drawback of acquired bacteriophage resistance of MDR pathogens with clinical and environmental implications should be taken into consideration. Here, we provide an overview of the current state of the field of PK and PD of bacteriophage therapy with a focus on its application against MDR Gram-negative infections, highlighting the potential knowledge gaps and the challenges in translation from the bench to the bedside. After reviewing the
in vitro
PKs and PDs of bacteriophages against the four major MDR Gram-negative pathogens,
Klebsiella pneumoniae
,
Acinetobacter baumannii
complex,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
, and
Escherichia coli
, specific data on
in vivo
PKs (tissue distribution, route of administration, and basic PK parameters in animals and humans) and PDs (survival and reduction of bacterial burden in relation to the route of administration, timing of therapy, dosing regimens, and resistance) are summarized. Currently available data merit close scrutiny, and optimization of bacteriophage therapy in the context of a better understanding of the underlying PK/PD principles is urgent to improve its therapeutic effect and to minimize the occurrence of bacteriophage resistance.
Targeting YAP Activity and Glutamine Metabolism Cooperatively Suppresses Tumor Progression by Preventing Extracellular Matrix Accumulation
Authors: Park Mihyang , Jin Jonghwa , An Da Young , Kim Dong-Ho , Lee Jaebon , Yun Jae Won , Hwang Ilseon , Park Jae Seok , Kim Mi Kyung , Lee You Mie , Byun Jun-Kyu , Choi Yeon-Kyung , Park Keun-Gyu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Cancer cells use multiple mechanisms to evade the effects of glutamine metabolism inhibitors. The pathways that govern responses to alterations in glutamine availability within the tumor may represent therapeutic targets for combinatorial strategies with these inhibitors. Here, we showed that targeting glutamine utilization stimulated Yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling in cancer cells by reducing cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A (PKA)–dependent phosphorylation of large tumor suppressor (LATS). Elevated YAP activation induced extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition by increasing the secretion of connective tissue growth factor that promoted the production of fibronectin and collagen by surrounding fibroblasts. Consequently, inhibiting YAP synergized with inhibition of glutamine utilization to effectively suppress tumor growth in vivo, along with a concurrent decrease in ECM deposition. Blocking ECM remodeling also augmented the tumor suppressive effects of the glutamine utilization inhibitor. Collectively, these data reveal mechanisms by which targeting glutamine utilization increases ECM accumulation and identify potential strategies to reduce ECM levels and increase the efficacy of glutamine metabolism inhibitors.
Significance: Blocking glutamine utilization activates YAP to promote ECM deposition by fibroblasts, highlighting the potential of YAP inhibitors and antifibrotic strategies as promising approaches for effective combination metabolic therapies in cancer.
NQO1 Triggers Neutrophil Recruitment and NET Formation to Drive Lung Metastasis of Invasive Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Xinzhi , Qu Yi , Xu Qianqian , Jiang Zeyu , Wang Hang , Lin Binyan , Cao Zehong , Pan Yuqi , Li Sheng , Hu Yili , Yang Hui , He Li , Chang Hang , Hang Bo , Wen Hongmei , Wu Hao , Mao Jian-Hua 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Metastasis to the lungs is a leading cause of death for patients with breast cancer. Therefore, effective therapies are urgently needed to prevent and treat lung metastasis. In this study, we uncovered a mechanism by which NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) orchestrates lung metastasis. NQO1 stabilized and upregulated peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A (PPIA), a chaperone that regulates protein conformation and activity, by preventing its oxidation at a critical cysteine residue C161. PPIA subsequently activated CD147, a membrane protein that facilitates cell invasion. Moreover, NQO1-induced secretion of PPIA modulated the immune landscape of both primary and lung metastatic sites. Secreted PPIA engaged CD147 on neutrophils and triggered the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) and neutrophil elastase, which enhanced tumor progression, invasiveness, and lung colonization. Pharmacological targeting of PPIA effectively inhibited NQO1-mediated breast cancer lung metastasis. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized NQO1-PPIA-CD147-NET axis that drives breast cancer lung metastasis. Inhibiting this axis is a potential therapeutic strategy to limit lung metastasis in patients with breast cancer.
Significance: NQO1 stabilizes and promotes the secretion of PPIA to activate CD147 in neutrophils and stimulate NET formation, promoting breast cancer lung metastasis and providing therapeutic targets for this fatal condition.
Impact of State Telehealth Parity Laws for Private Payers on Hypertension Medication Adherence Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zhang Donglan , Lee Jun Soo , Popoola Adebola , Lee Sarah , Jackson Sandra L. , Pollack Lisa M. , Dong Xiaobei , Therrien Nicole L. , Luo Feijun 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:
Telehealth has emerged as an effective tool for managing common chronic conditions such as hypertension, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the impact of state telehealth payment and coverage parity laws on hypertension medication adherence remains uncertain.

METHODS:
Data from the 2016 to 2021 Merative MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database were used to construct the study cohort, which included nonpregnant individuals aged 25 to 64 years with hypertension. We coded telehealth parity laws related to hypertension management in all 50 US states and the District of Columbia, distinguishing between payment and coverage parity laws. The primary outcomes were measures of antihypertension medication adherence: the average medication possession ratio; medication adherence (medication possession ratio ≥80%); and average number of days of drug supply. We used a generalized difference-in-differences design to examine the impact of these laws.

RESULTS:
Among 353 220 individuals (mean [SD] age, 49.5 (7.1) years; female, 45.55%), states with payment parity laws were significantly linked to increased average medication possession ratio by 0.43 percentage point (95% CI, 0.07–0.79), and an increase of 0.46 percentage point (95% CI, 0.06–0.92) in the probability of medication adherence. Payment parity laws also led to an average increase of 2.14 days (95% CI, 0.11–4.17) in prescription supply, after controlling for state-fixed effects, year-fixed effects, individual sociodemographic characteristics and state time-varying covariates including unemployment rates, gross domestic product per capita, and poverty rates. In contrast, coverage parity laws were associated with a 2.13-day increase (95% CI, 0.19–4.07) in days of prescription supply but did not significantly increase the average medication possession ratio or probability of medication adherence.

CONCLUSIONS:
State telehealth payment parity laws were significantly associated with greater medication adherence, whereas coverage parity laws were not. With the increasing adoption of telehealth parity laws across states, these findings may support policymakers in understanding potential implications on management of hypertension.
The Effects of Convolution Reverberation on the Emotional Characteristics of Musical Instrument Sounds
Authors: Mo Ronald K. , Horner Andrew 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Previous work has shown that the emotional characteristics of musical instrument sounds are significantly changed with parametric reverberation. But do the parametric reverberation results also apply to real concert hall reverberation? This article considers the effects of reverberation time on the emotional characteristics of instrument sounds with convolution reverberation. We compared eight musical instruments and ten emotional characteristics over five hall impulse responses ranging from the one-second Royal National Theatre to the five-second King's College Chapel. The results showed that convolution reverberation had more pronounced effects on emotional characteristics compared with parametric reverberation. This makes sense, since convolution reverberation is often regarded as warmer, more natural, and smoother than parametric reverberation. The latter is often regarded as blander by comparison. Halls with shorter reverberation times emphasized the emotional characteristics Angry and Comic, whereas medium reverberation times emphasized the characteristics Happy, Heroic, and Shy, and longer reverberation times emphasized the characteristics Calm, Mysterious, Romantic, Sad, and Scary. Although the results were more pronounced for convolution reverberation compared with parametric reverberation, there was also a striking agreement in their results, and the correlation coefficient between them was 0.654 over all emotional characteristics. This strong correlation indicates that reverberation time has a remarkably consistent effect on the emotional characteristics regardless of whether using convolution or parametric reverberation—a reflection of their deep underlying functional similarities despite their fundamentally different implementations.