bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Simulation and Human Factors Improve Systems and Safety?
Authors: Deutsch Ellen S. , Seagull F. Jacob , Johnson Kaalan E. , Malloy Kelly M. , Eibling David E. 
Published: September 2014

Program Description:Our expertise and skill are essential, but not sufficient, for optimal patient outcomes. We work with teams and we work within systems with variable functionality. How can we make sure our team works together effectively? How can we improve the systems within which we work? An expert panel will describe how we can use simulation and the science of human factors to improve the processes, the equipment, and even the spaces in which we work. Examples address emergency response teams, airway carts, and electronic health records. Our keynote speaker, F. Jacob Seagull, PhD, is an expert in human factors applications in health care.Educational Objectives:(1) Understand how simulation can be used to improve health care delivery systems and safety. (2) Understand how human factors principles can be applied to improve health care delivery systems and safety.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Disorders: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Diagnosis and Management for the Practicing Otolaryngologist
Authors: Goddard John C. , Schlosser Rodney J. , Artz Gregory J. , Backous Douglas D. , El‐Sayed Ivan H. , Lekovic Gregory P. 
Published: September 2014

Program Description:This miniseminar will provide a multidisciplinary perspective (rhinology, neurotology, head and neck, and neurosurgery) on the pathophysiology and management of cerebrospinal fluid disorders encountered by the practicing otolaryngologist. The program will discuss epidemiologic, radiologic, medical, and surgical aspects of spontaneous and iatrogenic cerebrospinal fluid leaks of the anterior and lateral skull bases and will highlight important considerations in proper diagnosis, workup, and management.Educational Objectives:(1) Properly recognize, diagnose, and manage spontaneous and iatrogenic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks of both the anterior and lateral skull base. (2) Explain various medical and surgical interventions available for the treatment of CSF disorders encountered by the otolaryngologist.
Contemporary Ultrasound of the Head and Neck
Authors: Sofferman Robert A. , Orloff Lisa A. , Smith Russell B. , Sebelik Merry E. , Baskin Henry J. , Ahuja Anil T. 
Published: September 2014

Program Description:With the progressive improvements in imaging resolution of ultrasound, concurrent reduction in capital expenditure, and portability, this modality is ideally suited to point‐of‐care use by most otolaryngology practices. Primary and exported training courses through the American College of Surgeons have provided a clinical starting point. An accreditation process for head and neck ultrasound is now available through a joint project between the American Institute for Ultrasound in Medicine and the Academy. This miniseminar presents the practical application of ultrasound to general, pediatric, endocrinologic, and oncologic conditions through a panel of outstanding experts from radiology and otolaryngology.Educational Objectives:(1) Cite the principles of ultrasound and its application to conditions of the head and neck. (2) Recognize the advantages of ultrasound‐guided aspiration of samples for cytology and other chemical tests. (3) Learn ultrasound techniques and eventual accreditation of skills.
Getting Published: Tips for Residents, Young Physicians, and Practicing Clinicians
Authors: Rosenfeld Richard M. , Baldassari Cristina , Chandrasekhar Sujana S. , Chaudhary Hamad , Grabarek Collin B. , Pugh Courtney 
Published: September 2014

Program Description:Getting published is a practical, results‐oriented miniseminar that emphasizes success strategies for residents, young physicians, and practicing clinicians. Explicit tips are offered to motivate young authors and clinicians to share experience and insights by publishing in peer‐reviewed journals. Myriad viewpoints will be presented, including editor‐in‐chief, managing editor, resident physician, young physician, and practicing clinician. Attendees will learn why publishing is important, how it can prepare them for fellowship and clinical practice, and how it fosters critical thinking skills that lead to better patient care. Time is allowed for questions and answers.Educational Objectives:(1) Recognize why publishing in journals is important for young physicians and practicing clinicians. (2) Use best practices associated with successful publishing in biomedical journals. (3) Avoid the top pitfalls when submitting a manuscript for publication consideration.
Hot Topics for the General Otolaryngologists
Authors: Stolovitzky J. Pablo , Hwang Peter H. , Nussenbaum Brian A. , Wilkinson Eric P. 
Published: September 2014

Program Description:This miniseminar is designed to update general otolaryngologists on cutting‐edge advances. Dr Nussenbaum will present on human papillomavirus (HPV)–related oropharyngeal cancer, now widely accepted to be a distinct disease. With the increasing incidence of HPV, otolaryngologists need to be familiar with underlying principles that direct comprehensive evaluation and management. Dr Hwang will review the evidence for various methods of drug delivery in treating chronic rhinosinusitis and how the efficacy of topical medical therapy directly relates to the modality of delivery. Dr Wilkinson will give a comprehensive overview of the critical considerations in assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss.Educational Objectives:(1) List current recommendations for diagnosis and management of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. (2) Incorporate into practice with up‐to‐date clinically relevant information about screening, prevention, diagnosis, and management of HPV‐related oropharyngeal cancer. (3) Consider the range of options for topical drug delivery to the paranasal sinuses and the evidence substantiating their use.
The Practice of Otolaryngology circa 1900
Authors: Jackler Robert K. , Thomas J. Regan , Ruben Robert J. , Mudry Albert , Close Lanny G. , Myers Eugene N. , Zeitels Steven M. 
Published: September 2014

Program Description:The concept of this miniseminar is to describe how otolaryngology was practiced at the turn of the past century by describing how common otolaryngological diseases were diagnosed and managed and to describe the state of surgical technology and techniqueEducational Objectives:(1) Gain perspective on the antecedents of today's practice of otolaryngology. (2) Recognize the long tradition in otolaryngology of adapting new ideas and introducing technological innovations.
View from the Editors: Peer Review, Publishing, and the Editorial Process
Authors: Stewart Michael G. , Rosenfeld Richard M. , Levine Paul A. , Kennedy David W. , Hanna Ehab Y. N. , Sataloff Robert T. , Chandra Rakesh K. 
Published: September 2014

Program Description:In this presentation, the editors‐in‐chief of several major otolaryngology journals will provide instruction and insight on many aspects of the peer‐review process, for current and future reviewers. We will address the roles of peer reviewers, associate editors, and the editorial board and address the importance of voluntary participation in the peer‐review process. We will discuss several practical matters, including frequent errors made by authors and reviewers and tips and strategies for improving reviews and papers. We will discuss decisions on revision versus rejection and responding to reviewer critiques/disagreements. We will also discuss how to advance up the editorial ladder.Educational Objectives:(1) To educate attendees on the process of peer review and on how to improve their own peer reviews and manuscript submissions. (2) To educate attendees on how editors select associate editors and editorial board members. (3) To allow attendees to learn about the review and publication process.
Head and Neck Paragangliomas: A Case‐Oriented Approach to Evaluation and Management
Authors: Nussenbaum Brian A. , Netterville James L. , Moore Michael G. , Isaacson Brandon , Mendenhall William M. 
Published: September 2014

Program Description:Despite increased knowledge about head and neck paragangliomas, educational gaps still exist regarding diagnosis, evaluation, and management options. This miniseminar will provide up‐to‐date clinically relevant information using a case‐based format. Best available evidence‐based medicine presentations on focused learning points and audience response will be incorporated. Basic concepts and controversial topics will include accurate disease diagnosis; tumor genetics and defining the at risk‐population for familial disease; management decision making between surgery, radiation, and observation with expected tumor‐control outcomes; identification of patients at particular risk for treatment‐related complications; and rehabilitation options to maximize functional outcomes.Educational Objectives:(1) Describe the current “state‐of‐the‐art” for evaluation and management of head and neck paragangliomas. (2) Discuss the considerations that affect how treatment decisions are made. (3) Use methods for minimizing complications while maximizing tumor‐control and functional outcomes.
The Nuts and Bolts of Maintenance of Certification
Authors: Teng Marita S. , Miller Robert H. , Malekzadeh Sonya , Smith Shane 
Published: September 2014

Program Description:This miniseminar addresses a common knowledge gap regarding the purpose and process of maintenance of certification (MOC) in our field. Expert panelists include representatives from the American Board of Otolaryngology and the American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery (AAO‐HNS) Education Council. Attendees will understand MOC as a 4‐component, lifelong learning and quality improvement program. We will address concerns, anxieties, and misconceptions of part III MOC; 2 panelists who have recently taken and passed the part III examination (1 academic and 1 private practice) will describe their experiences and recommendations. Finally, we will share AAO‐HNS educational resources designed for lifelong learning and MOC preparation.Educational Objectives:(1) Recognize MOC as a lifelong learning and quality improvement program. (2) Understand the 10‐year cycle and the specific requirements for each of the 4 components of MOC. (3) List AAO‐HNS educational resources designed for lifelong learning, maintenance of certification, and recertification.
Contemporary Management of Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis
Authors: Verma Sunil P. , Bryson Paul C. , Rosen Clark A. , Mau I‐fan Theodore , Garrett C. Gaelyn 
Published: September 2014

Program Description:This course will provide a comprehensive review of unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) management. The causes and workup of UVFP will be discussed. Special attention will be paid to office evaluation including utility of stroboscopy and laryngeal electromyography. Intervention including operating room–and office‐based injection laryngoplasty will be described. The benefits of thyroplasty, arytenoid adduction, arytenopexy, and reinnervation will be debated. Case presentations will be used to highlight teaching points. Ample time will be allotted for audience participation and questions.Educational Objectives:(1) Describe how to perform a vocal fold injection. (2) Compare different methods to treat unilateral vocal fold paralysis.
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: What Every Otolaryngologist Should Know
Authors: Lustig Lawrence R. , Megerian Cliff A. , Wanna George B. , Zeitler Daniel M. , Haynes David S. 
Published: September 2014

Program Description:Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL) has no known etiology. However, numerous studies have addressed this important problem. This miniseminar, sponsored by the American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Foundation (AAO‐HNSF) Otology and Neurotology Education Committee, will summarize existing literature with regard to the evaluation and treatment of ISSHL. We will review AAO‐HNSF guidelines, studies on the efficacy of steroids, antivirals, hyperbaric oxygen, and other treatments. Lastly, we will discuss treatment options when hearing does not recover.Educational Objectives:(1) Implement the recommended evaluation of patients with sudden hearing loss. (2) Recognize the benefits of oral versus intratympanic steroids for sudden hearing loss. (3) Analyze the utility of nonsteroidal treatments when steroids and other modalities fail.
Pediatric Sleep‐Disordered Breathing: Evidence‐Based Approach to Evaluation and Management
Authors: Anne Samantha , Rosenfeld Richard M. , Ishman Stacey L. , Goldstein Nira A. , Friedman Norman R. 
Published: September 2014

Program Description:Sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB) affects more than 10% of all children, and tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A) is one of the most common surgeries done nationally. This miniseminar will review available current national guidelines on evaluation of SDB, including the use of polysomnogram and indications for T&A. Outcomes in routine, syndromic, obese, neurologically affected, and other cases will be reviewed. Lastly, surgical options for failures to cure with T&A will be discussed. Case studies will be presented that will demonstrate principles presented and foster discussion among panelists.Educational Objectives:(1) Describe patient characteristics that necessitate evaluation with polysomnogram versus proceeding with treatment based on clinical history and examination. (2) Identify common reasons for failure to cure SDB with routine T&A. (3) Demonstrate knowledge of available surgical options for these cases.
Pediatric Tonsillectomy after the Black Box: Strategies for Keeping Our Patients Safe and Comfortable
Authors: Goldman Julie L. , Eisenberg Lee D. , Ishman Stacey L. , Bannister Carolyn F. 
Published: September 2014

Program Description:This panel format miniseminar will provide perspectives on best practices in care of the pediatric tonsillectomy patient with regard to anesthetic practices, criteria for admission, and pain management. The goals of the presentation are to provide guidelines for safe and effective pain management, raise awareness regarding “red flags” in children who may require advanced anesthesia expertise, and propose algorithms for identifying and managing those children who may be at high risk for complications.Educational Objectives:(1) Provide safe and effective nonnarcotic postoperative pain management in pediatric tonsillectomy patients. (2) Identify children at increased risk for posttonsillectomy complications. (3) Recognize patients who will most benefit from the expertise of a pediatric anesthesiologist and/or a higher level of postoperative care.
From Start to Finish: Management of Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Holbrook Eric H. , Batra Pete S. , Chandra Rakesh K. , Chiu Alexander G. , Han Joseph , Sindwani Raj 
Published: September 2014

Program Description:Although our understanding of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has improved, patients prove to be a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The variability in presentation contributes to the difficulty in providing effective medical and/or surgical therapy for each patient, and straightforward, all‐encompassing guidelines are lacking. As more innovative treatments arise, choices available to otolaryngologists become overwhelming. The purpose of this miniseminar is to provide a stepwise approach to the overall management of CRS patients. The panelists will cover aspects of patient care including evaluation and diagnosis, tailored medical management, surgical choice and optimization, and postoperative management.Educational Objectives:(1) Evaluate patients presenting with CRS and provide medical/surgical management recommendations for specific categories of CRS. (2) Discuss methods for improving surgical outcomes and recommend appropriate use of surgical devices/products for CRS. (3) Provide recommendations for effective postoperative management, use of subsequent in‐office procedures, and continued medical treatments for CRS.
Major Complications in FESS: Tips from Expert Surgeons
Authors: Tewfik Marc A. , Wormald Peter J. , Hwang Peter H. , Carrau Ricardo L. , Douglas Richard , Valentine Rowan 
Published: September 2014

Program Description:The risk of serious complications during endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is ever present. It is the responsibility of the operating surgeon to minimize the risks through meticulous preoperative preparation, careful operative technique, and diligent postoperative care. This miniseminar brings together some of the top sinus surgeons from around the world to share some of their technical pearls and experience regarding the treatment and avoidance of complications in ESS, as well as the latest research in the field. Through the use of clinical case‐based vignettes, topics that will be covered include CSF leak, orbital injury, and catastrophic hemorrhage.Educational Objectives:(1) Identify high‐risk situations preoperatively in patients undergoing functional ESS (FESS). (2) Apply intraoperative measures and technical pearls to avoid serious complications during FESS. (3) Elaborate a clear plan for the management of intraoperative emergencies, including orbital hematoma and internal carotid artery injury.
Ask the Experts: Sleep Surgery Potpourri
Authors: Friedman Michael , Weaver Edward M. , Yaremchuk Kathleen L. , Thaler Erica R. , Woodson B. Tucker , Kezirian Eric J. 
Published: September 2014

Program Description:Modification of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) as well as variation in treatment of hypopharyngeal obstruction are numerous. Selecting the right technique for the right patient often becomes the most difficult decision in treatment planning. It is often unclear if the proponents of a particular technique apply their “modifications” for every case or if there is a selection process. The purpose of this miniseminar is to present specific cases and hear the opinion of 5 experts on how they would treat the same patient.Educational Objectives:(1) Use the appropriate patient selection for a classic UPPP. (2) Determine when uvula preservation techniques are appropriate. (3) Examine the current thinking in tongue base reduction.
Pathogenic Biomarkers for Perineural Invasion in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Authors: Kobayashi Kenya , Ando Mizuo , Omura Go , Saito Yuki , Yamasoba Tatsuya , Asakage Takahiro 
Published: September 2014

Objectives:Perineural invasion (PNI) has emerged as an adverse pathological feature of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). Despite their importance, the local control factors involved in PNI remain unknown. Recent research has suggested that nerve growth factor (NGF) may be one of the important factors for PNI in other malignancies. Furthermore, in ACC, Myb overexpression related to the MYB–NFIB fusion gene has been correlated with PNI; however, this concept has been highly controversial. In this study, we examined the overexpression of NGF, its receptors (TrkA and p75NRT), and Myb in ACC cancer cells and investigated the relationship with PNI and local control.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 47 patients with ACC who were surgically treated from 1991 to 2011. We reviewed NGF, TrkA, p75NRT, and Myb overexpression in the surgical specimens and examined the correlation with PNI, local control, and disease‐specific survival.Results:The overexpression rates of NGF, TrkA, p75NRT, and Myb were 66%, 66%, 30%, and 57%, respectively. NGF and TrkA were significantly overexpressed in the PNI‐positive group (NGF overexpression rate: PNI‐positive vs PNI‐negative, 88% vs 20%, P <. 001; TrkA overexpression rate: PNI‐positive vs PNI‐negative, 81% vs 33%, P <. 01). Moreover, patients with NGF overexpression had a significantly poorer 10‐year local control rate (75% vs 13%, P <. 05); however, p75NRT and Myb overexpression were not related to PNI.Conclusions:NGF and TrkA overexpression may contribute to PNI and cause local recurrence in ACC. However, Myb overexpression was not related to PNI in our analysis.
Tracheoesophageal Prosthesis Use Results in Durable Improvements in Vocalization and Overall Quality of Life
Authors: Sandulache Vlad C. , Srinivasan Ramya , Mohr Tiffany , Zevallos Jose P. 
Published: September 2014

Objectives:(1) Determine whether tracheoesophageal prosthesis (TEP) use is associated with improved quality of life. (2) Identify factors which negatively correlate with quality of life in patients utilizing TEP.Methods:Cross‐sectional analysis of total laryngectomy patients with and without TEP treated at the Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center (MEDVAMC). Demographic, tumor, and treatment characteristics were reviewed. Functional status and quality of life were measured using the Voice Handicap Index (VHI), MD Anderson Dysphagia Index (MDADI), and University of Washington Quality of life Index (UW‐QOL).Results:Sixty‐one patients were identified, including 27 patients using TEP communication and 34 using either nonverbal communication or electrolarynx. TEP use at time of evaluation was associated with significantly higher VHI (TEP vs no TEP, global: P =. 00, functional: P =. 01, and emotional: P =. 00), MDADI (TEP vs no TEP global: P =. 01, functional: P =. 03) and UW‐QOL scores (TEP vs no TEP P =. 00) compared with other forms of communication. The effect of TEP on VHI, MDADI, and UW‐QOL persisted even when we limited the analysis to patients with a follow‐up greater than 5 years. Total laryngectomy for recurrent cancer did not significantly impact VHI or UW‐QOL but was associated with worse MDADI scores for patients using TEP. A history of irradiation was not significantly associated with worse functional outcomes.Conclusions:TEP use is associated with durable improvements in quality of life and functional outcomes for veterans undergoing total laryngectomy. TEP placement should be considered in all total laryngectomy patients when technically feasible.
Using PD‐L1 to Induce Chemosensitization of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Szymanowski Adam R. , Qiao Peter , Lajud Shayanne A. , Nagda Danish , Civantos Alyssa , O'Malley Bert W. , Li Daqing 
Published: September 2014

Objectives:(1) Investigate the impact of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) on the response to Cisplatin (CDDP) therapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). (2) Quantify the effect of CDDP treatment on the expression of PD‐L1 in HNSCC cells. (3) Evaluate the impact of PD‐L1 down‐regulation on the chemosensitivty of HNSCC cells. (4) Describe the implications of PD‐L1 modulation on the efficacy of current platinum‐based chemotherapeutic agents in HNSCC.Methods:In vitro experiments were performed from November 2013 to January 2014 at the University of Pennsylvania Gene and Molecular Therapy Laboratory with 4 well‐characterized human HNSCC cell lines. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot were conducted to determine the baseline and post‐CDDP treatment PD‐L1 gene expression. Knockdown of PD‐L1 expression using siRNA was then performed to induce chemosensitization of HNSCC cells to CDDP. Cells treated with CDDP were compared with untreated controls to evaluate cytotoxicity.Results:Treatment of HNSCC cells with CDDP resulted in increased transcription and translation of PD‐L1 compared with baseline levels. Subsequent knockdown of PD‐L1 expression in HNSCC cells using siRNA resulted in increased CDDP cytotoxicity compared with control HNSCC cells.Conclusions:Increased PD‐L1 expression in response to CDDP therapy and improved chemosensitization with its down‐regulation are significant findings that highlight the role of PD‐L1 in determining the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents. Our findings demonstrate that disruption of the PD‐L1 protein leads to increased sensitivity of HNSCC cells to CDDP, suggesting a potential combination therapeutic strategy for patients with CDDP‐resistant HNSCC.