bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can individualized weight monitoring using the HeartPhone algorithm improve sensitivity for clinical deterioration of heart failure?
Authors: Ledwidge Mark T. , O'Hanlon Rory , Lalor Lorraine , Travers Bronagh , Edwards Nuala , Kelly Deirdre , Voon Victor , McDonald Kenneth M. 
Published: December 2012

AimsPrevious studies have demonstrated poor sensitivity of guideline weight monitoring in predicting clinical deterioration of heart failure (HF). This study aimed to evaluate patterns of remotely transmitted daily weights in a high‐risk HF population and also to compare guideline weight monitoring and an individualized weight monitoring algorithm.Methods and resultsConsenting, consecutive, high‐risk patients were provided with a mobile phone‐based remote weight telemonitoring device. We aimed to evaluate population vs. individual weight variability, weight patterns pre‐ and post‐events of clinical deterioration of HF, and to compare guideline weight thresholds with the HeartPhone algorithm in terms of sensitivity and specificity for such events. Of 87 patients recruited and followed for an average of 23.9 ± 12 weeks, 19 patients experienced 28 evaluable episodes of clinical deterioration of HF. Following a post‐discharge decline, the population average weight remained stable for the follow‐up period, yet the 7‐day moving average of individual patients exceeded 2 kg in three‐quarters of patients. Significant increases in weight were observed up to 4 days before HF events. The HeartPhone algorithm was significantly more sensitive (82%) in predicting HF events than guideline weight thresholds of 2 kg over 2–3 days (21%) and a ‘rule of thumb’ threshold of 1.36 kg over 1 day (46%).ConclusionsAn individualized approach to weight monitoring in HF with the HeartPhone algorithm improved prediction of HF deterioration. Further evaluation of HeartPhone with and without other biomarkers of HF deterioration is warranted.
On the impossible NGC 4372 V1 and V2: an extended AGB to the [Fe/H] = −2.2 cluster
Authors: McDonald I. , Zijlstra A. A. , Rajoelimanana A. F. , Johnson C. I. 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
The asymptotic giant branch (AGB) of the globular cluster NGC 4372 appears to extend to unexpectedly high luminosities. We show, on the basis of proper motions and spatial distribution, that the extended AGB is indeed a likely part of the cluster. We also present the first spectra of the very cool (2600 K), very luminous (8000 L⊙), very dusty, oxygen-rich, purported long-period variable stars V1 and V2 that define the AGB tip. In particular, on the basis of their radial velocities, we conclude that V1 and V2 are probably members. We find that V1 and V2 are likely undergoing the superwind phase that terminates their nuclear-burning evolution. We hypothesize that the mass-loss processes that terminate the AGB are inhibited in NGC 4372 due to a lack of atmospheric pulsation and the high gas-to-dust ratio in the ejecta, leading to a delay in the associated enhanced mass loss and dust production. Previously predicted, but never observed, this explains the high mass of the white dwarf in Pease 1 in M15 without the need to invoke a stellar merger. If commonplace, this phenomenon has implications for the mass return from stars, the production of carbon stars and supernovae through the Universe's history, and the AGB contribution to light from unresolved metal-poor populations.
Transposon-Mediated Alteration of TaMATE1B Expression in Wheat Confers Constitutive Citrate Efflux from Root Apices
Authors: Tovkach Andriy , Ryan Peter R. , Richardson Alan E. , Lewis David C. , Rathjen Tina M. , Ramesh Sunita , Tyerman Stephen D. , Delhaize Emmanuel 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
The TaMATE1B gene (for multidrug and toxic compound extrusion) from wheat (Triticum aestivum) was isolated and shown to encode a citrate transporter that is located on the plasma membrane. TaMATE1B expression in roots was induced by iron deficiency but not by phosphorus deficiency or aluminum treatment. The coding region of TaMATE1B was identical in a genotype showing citrate efflux from root apices (cv Carazinho) to one that lacked citrate efflux (cv Egret). However, sequence upstream of the coding region differed between these two genotypes in two ways. The first difference was a single-nucleotide polymorphism located approximately 2 kb upstream from the start codon in cv Egret. The second difference was an 11.1-kb transposon-like element located 25 bp upstream of the start codon in cv Carazinho that was absent from cv Egret. The influence of these polymorphisms on TaMATE1B expression was investigated using fusions to green fluorescent protein expressed in transgenic lines of rice (Oryza sativa). Fluorescence measurements in roots of rice indicated that 1.5- and 2.3-kb regions upstream of TaMATE1B in cv Carazinho (which incorporated 3′ regions of the transposon-like element) generated 20-fold greater expression in the apical 1 mm of root compared with the native promoter in cv Egret. By contrast, fluorescence in more mature tissues was similar in both cultivars. The presence of the single-nucleotide polymorphism alone consistently generated 2-fold greater fluorescence than the cv Egret promoter. We conclude that the transposon-like element in cv Carazinho extends TaMATE1B expression to the root apex, where it confers citrate efflux and enhanced aluminum tolerance.
Prognostic value of added stratification of circumferential resection margin status in oesophageal carcinoma
Authors: Ahmad Jawad , Loughrey Maurice B , Donnelly David , Ranaghan Lisa , Shah Rajeev , Napolitano Giulio , Kennedy Andrew J 
Published: December 2012

AimsInvolved circumferential resection margin (CRM) (R1) in oesophageal carcinoma (OC) has conflicting definitions. This study aimed to compare two such definitions applied to a cohort of OC resection specimens and also evaluated a novel three‐tier CRM stratification.Methods and resultsOC patients with pT3 disease were classified as R0 or R1 on the basis of Royal College of Pathologists (UK) (RCPath) and College of American Pathologists (CAP) criteria and group survivals were compared. Patients were then stratified into three groups on the basis of tumour distance from the CRM (>1 mm, 0.1–1 mm, 0 mm). A total of 195 patients were included. According to RCPath criteria, 50 resections were R0 and 145 R1; median survival was 72.0 and 18.1 months. Using CAP criteria, 137 resections were R0 and 58 R1; median survival was 30.1 and 12.6 months. Using three‐tier stratification, tumour was clear by >1 mm (R0) in 50 cases, 0.1–1 mm from CRM (RCPath R1; CAP R0) in 87 cases and 0 mm (R1) in 58 cases; median survival was 72.0, 24.6 and 12.6 months, respectively. Survival difference was statistically significant using each binary system and also the three‐tier system.ConclusionsBoth RCPath and CAP criteria to define CRM have similar prognostic value. A novel three‐tier classification of CRM status provides more detailed prognostication.
Spatiotemporal differences in tree spatial patterns between alluvial hardwood and mountain fir–beech forests: do characteristic patterns exist?
Authors: Janik David , Adam Dušan , Hort Libor , Král Kamil , Šamonil Pavel , Unar Pavel , Vrška Tomáš , Horal David 
Published: December 2012

AbstractQuestionsWhat are the differences between the tree spatial patterns (TSP) of various recruit and mortality waves in alluvial hardwood forests and mountain fir–beech forests? Are there any statistically significant differences between the meanTSPof these forest types? Are these differences stable over time?LocationAlluvial floodplain forests at the confluence of theMorava andDyje rivers, and mountain fir–beech forests in theOuterWesternCarpathians,CzechRepublic.MethodsIn both forest types, seven 2‐ha rectangular plots were analysed. The pair correlation functiong(r) was used to describe tree density variability of trees withDBH ≥ 10 cm. The analyses were carried out for data sets from the 1970s, 1990s and 2000s. A bootstrap method was used to test for significant differences between the mean values ofg(r) from alluvial forests and from fir–beech forests.ResultsRecruits in mountain fir–beech forests revealed consistent clustering to at least 5 m. In alluvial hardwood forests, recruits also showed random distribution as well as occasional regular distribution at distances over 20 m. Bootstrap significance tests revealed significant differences between the mean values ofg(r) for alluvial forests and fir–beech forests. Alluvial floodplain forests showed statistically significant stronger clustering up to a distance of 4 m in all study periods. At distances over 20 m, mountain fir–beech forests demonstrated stronger clustering. In the 1970s, this was statistically significant only at a distance of 32 m, but in the 2000s, it was at intervals of 22–30 and 34–38 m.ConclusionsThe methods of data analysis in this study enabled us to find significant features ofTSPat finer resolution than the common resulting trichotomy of univariate analysis: clustering, randomness and regularity. We believe that, on the basis of detailed spatial analyses, it is possible to create aTSPmodel that reflects the typical features of particular forest types.
Through‐focus performance with multifocal contact lenses: effect of binocularity, pupil diameter and inherent ocular aberrations
Authors: Plainis Sotiris , Ntzilepis George , Atchison David A , Charman W Neil 
Published: December 2012

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the effects of the wearer's pupil size and spherical aberration on visual performance with centre‐near, aspheric multifocal contact lenses (MFCLs). The advantage of binocular over monocular vision was also investigated.MethodsTwelve young volunteers, with an average age of 27 ± 5 years, participated in the study. LogMAR Visual Acuity (VA) was measured under cycloplegia for a range of defocus levels (from +3.0 to −3.0 D, in 0.5 D steps) with no correction and with three aspheric MFCLs (Air Optix Aqua Multifocal) with a centre‐near design, providing correction for ‘Low’, ‘Med’ and ‘High’ near demands. Measurements were performed for all combinations of the following conditions: (1) artificial pupils of 6 and 3 mm diameter, (2) binocular and monocular (dominant eye) vision. Depth‐of‐focus (DOF) was calculated from the VA vs defocus curves. Ocular aberrations under cycloplegia were measured using iTrace.ResultsVA at −3.0 D defocus (simulating near performance) was statistically higher for the 3 mm than for the 6 mm pupil (p = 0.006), and for binocular rather than for monocular vision (p < 0.001). Similarly, DOF was better for the 3 mm pupil (p = 0.002) and for binocular viewing conditions (p < 0.001). Both VA at −3.0 D defocus and DOF increased as the ‘addition’ of the MFCL correction increased. Finally, with the centre‐near MFCLs a linear correlation was found between VA at −3.0 D defocus and the wearer's ocular spherical aberration (R2 = 0.20 p < 0.001 for 6 mm data), with the eyes exhibiting the higher positive spherical aberration experiencing worse VAs. By contrast, no correlation was found between VA and spherical aberration at 0.00 D defocus (distance vision).ConclusionsBoth near VA and depth‐of‐focus improve with these MFCLs, with the effects being more pronounced for small pupils and for binocular rather than monocular vision. Coupling of the wearer's ocular spherical aberration with the aberration profiles provided by MFCLs affects their functionality.
Temperature‐dependent shade avoidance involves the receptor‐like kinase ERECTA
Authors: Patel Dhaval , Basu Manojit , Hayes Scott , Majláth Imre , Hetherington Flora M. , Tschaplinski Timothy J. , Franklin Keara A. 
Published: December 2012

SummaryPlants detect the presence of neighbouring vegetation by monitoring changes in the ratio of red (R) to far‐red (FR) wavelengths (R:FR) in ambient light. Reductions in R:FR are perceived by the phytochrome family of plant photoreceptors and initiate a suite of developmental responses termed the shade avoidance syndrome. These include increased elongation growth of stems and petioles, enabling plants to overtop competing vegetation. The majority of shade avoidance experiments are performed at standard laboratory growing temperatures (>20°C). In these conditions, elongation responses to low R:FR are often accompanied by reductions in leaf development and accumulation of plant biomass. Here we investigated shade avoidance responses at a cooler temperature (16°C). In these conditions, Arabidopsis thaliana displays considerable low R:FR‐mediated increases in leaf area, with reduced low R:FR‐mediated petiole elongation and leaf hyponasty responses. In Landsberg erecta, these strikingly different shade avoidance phenotypes are accompanied by increased leaf thickness, increased biomass and an altered metabolite profile. At 16°C, low R:FR treatment results in the accumulation of soluble sugars and metabolites associated with cold acclimation. Analyses of natural genetic variation in shade avoidance responses at 16°C have revealed a regulatory role for the receptor‐like kinase ERECTA.
Monetary Dynamics of Inflation in China
Authors: Zhang Chengsi 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis paper investigates both the short‐run and the long‐run relationships between monetary growth and inflation in China between 1980 and 2010. We construct multivariate dynamic models based on Friedman’s quantity theory of money (but permitting money to be endogenous) and Meltzer’s monetarist model. The empirical results provide robust evidence that there is a bilateral causal relationship between monetary growth and inflation as well as between monetary growth and output growth. An indirect and implicit causal relationship between monetary growth and inflation is found through the asset inflation channel. There are also long‐run equilibrium relationships between money stock, price index and other relevant variables. The present paper further provides a historical exploration of the mechanism of the monetary dynamics of inflation in China over the underlying period. We conclude that the monetary growth rule is likely to be the most promising policy orientation for China to manage its inflation.
Training‐induced acceleration of O2 uptake on‐kinetics precedes muscle mitochondrial biogenesis in humans
Authors: Zoladz Jerzy A. , Grassi Bruno , Majerczak Joanna , Szkutnik Zbigniew , Korostyński Michał , Karasiński Janusz , Kilarski Wincenty , Korzeniewski Bernard 
Published: December 2012

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?A few weeks of endurance training accelerate the oxygen uptake () on‐kinetics in humans. The main aim of the present study was to determine whether the acceleration of on‐kinetics obtained by a short period of moderate‐intensity training can be explained by an intensification of mitochondrial biogenesis.
What is the main finding and its importance?We demonstrated that 5 weeks of moderate‐intensity training accelerates the on‐kinetics during moderate‐intensity cycling in the absence of enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis or capillarization in the trained muscles. We postulate that in the early stages of training an intensification of ‘parallel activation’ of oxidative phosphorylation could account for the shortening of the on‐transient.
The effects of 5 weeks of moderate‐intensity endurance training on pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics ( on‐kinetics) were studied in 15 healthy men (mean ± SD: age 22.7 ± 1.8 years, body weight 76.4 ± 8.9 kg and maximal 46.0 ± 3.7 ml kg−1 min−1). Training caused a significant acceleration (P= 0.003) of on‐kinetics during moderate‐intensity cycling (time constant of the ‘primary’ component 30.0 ± 6.6 versus 22.8 ± 5.6 s before and after training, respectively) and a significant decrease (P= 0.04) in the amplitude of the primary component (837 ± 351 versus 801 ± 330 ml min−1). No changes in myosin heavy chain distribution, muscle fibre capillarization, level of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator 1α and other markers of mitochondrial biogenesis (mitochondrial DNA copy number, cytochrome c and cytochrome oxidase subunit I contents) in the vastus lateralis were found after training. A significant downregulation in the content of the sarcoplasmic reticulum ATPase 2 (SERCA2; P= 0.03) and a tendency towards a decrease in SERCA1 (P= 0.055) was found after training. The decrease in SERCA1 was positively correlated (P= 0.05) with the training‐induced decrease in the gain of the on‐kinetics ( at steady state/Δpower output). In the early stage of training, the acceleration in on‐kinetics during moderate‐intensity cycling can occur without enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis or changes in muscle myosin heavy chain distribution and in muscle fibre capillarization. The training‐induced decrease of the O2 cost of cycling could be caused by the downregulation of SERCA pumps.
Functional Characterization of Reductive Dehalogenases by Using Blue Native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis
Authors: Tang Shuiquan , Chan Winnie W. M. , Fletcher Kelly E. , Seifert Jana , Liang Xiaoming , Löffler Frank E. , Edwards Elizabeth A. , Adrian Lorenz 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACT

Dehalococcoides mccartyi
strains are obligate organohalide-respiring bacteria harboring multiple distinct reductive dehalogenase (RDase) genes within their genomes. A major challenge is to identify substrates for the enzymes encoded by these RDase genes. We demonstrate an approach that involves blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) followed by enzyme activity assays with gel slices and subsequent identification of proteins in gel slices using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). RDase expression was investigated in cultures of
Dehalococcoides mccartyi
strain BAV1 and in the KB-1 consortium growing on chlorinated ethenes and 1,2-dichloroethane. In cultures of strain BAV1, BvcA was the only RDase detected, revealing that this enzyme catalyzes the dechlorination not only of vinyl chloride, but also of all dichloroethene isomers and 1,2-dichloroethane. In cultures of consortium KB-1, five distinct
Dehalococcoides
RDases and one
Geobacter
RDase were expressed under the conditions tested. Three of the five RDases included orthologs to the previously identified chlorinated ethene-dechlorinating enzymes VcrA, BvcA, and TceA. This study revealed substrate promiscuity for these three enzymes and provides a path forward to further explore the largely unknown RDase protein family.
Uptake of α-Ketoglutarate by Citrate Transporter CitP Drives Transamination in Lactococcus lactis
Authors: Pudlik Agata M. , Lolkema Juke S. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACT

Transamination is the first step in the conversion of amino acids into aroma compounds by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) used in food fermentations. The process is limited by the availability of α-ketoglutarate, which is the best α-keto donor for transaminases in LAB. Here, uptake of α-ketoglutarate by the citrate transporter CitP is reported. Cells of
Lactococcus lactis
IL1403 expressing CitP showed significant levels of transamination activity in the presence of α-ketoglutarate and one of the amino acids Ile, Leu, Val, Phe, or Met, while the same cells lacking CitP showed transamination activity only after permeabilization of the cell membrane. Moreover, the transamination activity of the cells followed the levels of CitP in a controlled expression system. The involvement of CitP in the uptake of the α-keto donor was further demonstrated by the increased consumption rate in the presence of
l
-lactate, which drives CitP in the fast exchange mode of transport. Transamination is the only active pathway for the conversion of α-ketoglutarate in IL1403; a stoichiometric conversion to glutamate and the corresponding α-keto acid from the amino acids was observed. The transamination activity by both the cells and the cytoplasmic fraction showed a remarkably flat pH profile over the range from pH 5 to pH 8, especially with the branched-chain amino acids. Further metabolism of the produced α-keto acids into α-hydroxy acids and other flavor compounds required the coupling of transamination to glycolysis. The results suggest a much broader role of the citrate transporter CitP in LAB than citrate uptake in the citrate fermentation pathway alone.
Evidence for Phenotypic Plasticity among Multihost Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli Lineages, Obtained Using Ribosomal Multilocus Sequence Typing and Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Read Daniel S. , Woodcock Dan J. , Strachan Norval J. C. , Forbes Kenneth J. , Colles Frances M. , Maiden Martin C. J. , Clifton-Hadley Felicity , Ridley Anne , Vidal Ana , Rodgers John , Whiteley Andrew S. , Sheppard Samuel K. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACT

Closely related bacterial isolates can display divergent phenotypes. This can limit the usefulness of phylogenetic studies for understanding bacterial ecology and evolution. Here, we compare phenotyping based on Raman spectrometric analysis of cellular composition to phylogenetic classification by ribosomal multilocus sequence typing (rMLST) in 108 isolates of the zoonotic pathogens
Campylobacter jejuni
and
C. coli
. Automatic relevance determination (ARD) was used to identify informative peaks in the Raman spectra that could be used to distinguish strains in taxonomic and host source groups (species, clade, clonal complex, and isolate source/host). Phenotypic characterization based on Raman spectra showed a degree of agreement with genotypic classification using rMLST, with segregation accuracy between species (83.95%), clade (in
C. coli
, 98.41%), and, to some extent, clonal complex (86.89%
C. jejuni
ST-21 and ST-45 complexes) being achieved. This confirmed the utility of Raman spectroscopy for lineage classification and the correlation between genotypic and phenotypic classification. In parallel analysis, relatively distantly related isolates (different clonal complexes) were assigned the correct host origin irrespective of the clonal origin (74.07 to 96.97% accuracy) based upon different Raman peaks. This suggests that the phenotypic characteristics, from which the phenotypic signal is derived, are not fixed by clonal descent but are influenced by the host environment and change as strains move between hosts.
A Combined System for Engineering Glycosylation Efficiency and Glycan Structure in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Parsaie Nasab Farnoush , Aebi Markus , Bernhard Gesche , Frey Alexander Daniel 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACT

We describe a novel synthetic N-glycosylation pathway to produce recombinant proteins carrying human-like N-glycans in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
, at the same time addressing glycoform and glycosylation efficiency. The Δ
alg3
Δ
alg11
double mutant strain, in which the N-glycans are not matured to their native high-mannose structure, was used. In this mutant strain, lipid-linked Man
3
GlcNAc
2
is built up on the cytoplasmic side of the endoplasmic reticulum, flipped by an artificial flippase into the ER lumen, and then transferred with high efficiency to the nascent polypeptide by a protozoan oligosaccharyltransferase. Protein-bound Man
3
GlcNAc
2
serves directly as a substrate for Golgi apparatus-targeted human N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases I and II. Our results confirmed the presence of the complex human-like N-glycan structure GlcNAc
2
Man
3
GlcNAc
2
on the secreted monoclonal antibody HyHEL-10. However, due to the interference of Golgi apparatus-localized mannosyltransferases, heterogeneity of N-linked glycans was observed.