bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal monitoring of Torque Teno virus DNAemia in kidney transplant recipients correlates with long‐term complications of inadequate immunosuppression
Authors: Chauvelot Luc , Barba Thomas , Saison Carole , Siska Evangelia , Kulifaj Dorian , Bakker Stephan J. L. , Koenig Alice , Rabeyrin Maud , Buron Fanny , Picard Cécile , Dijoud Frédérique , Manière Louis , Lina Bruno , Morelon Emmanuel , Dubois Valerie , Thaunat Olivier 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOptimization of individual immunosuppression, which reduces the risks of both graft loss and patients' death, is considered the best approach to improve long‐term outcomes of renal transplantation. Torque Teno Virus (TTV) DNAemia has emerged as a potential biomarker reflecting the depth of therapeutic immunosuppression during the initial year post‐transplantation. However, its efficacy in long‐term monitoring remains uncertain. In a cohort study involving 34 stable kidney transplant recipients and 124 healthy volunteers, we established lower and upper TTV DNAemia thresholds (3.75–5.1 log10 cp/mL) correlating with T‐cell activatability, antibody response against flu vaccine, and risk for subsequent serious infections or cancer over 50 months. Validation in an independent cohort of 92 recipients confirmed that maintaining TTV DNAemia within this range in >50% of follow‐up time points was associated with reduced risks of complications due to inadequate immunosuppression, including de novo DSA, biopsy‐proven antibody‐mediated rejection, graft loss, infections, or cancer. Multivariate analysis highlighted “in‐target” TTV DNAemia as the sole independent variable significantly linked to decreased risk for long‐term complications due to inadequate immunosuppression (odds ratio [OR]: 0.27 [0.09–0.77]; p = 0.019). Our data suggest that the longitudinal monitoring of TTV DNAemia in kidney transplant recipients could help preventing the long‐term complications due to inadequate immunosuppression.
Rosacea fulminans: An anti‐inflammatory‐based therapeutic approach
Authors: Handgretinger Gabi , Saur Alexandra , Wolff Isabel , Schaller Martin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe treatment of rosacea fulminans still poses a significant challenge in daily clinical practice. The pronounced centrofacial inflammation accompanied by severe pustulation, pain and high psychological stress, mostly affecting young women, requires an appropriate fast‐acting treatment regimen. A major difficulty here is that if isotretinoin is recommended for therapy, sufficiently reliable contraception is absolutely necessary and not always given. So far, alternative therapies have not been extensively studied.ObjectivesOur goal is to show the efficacy of a treatment regimen with macrolide antibiotics (azithromycin) without the need for initial systemic isotretinoin or corticosteroids.MethodsWe present six female patients in our outpatient clinic treated with a combination of azithromycin and topical ivermectin reaching rapid inflammation control.Subsequently, maintenance with ultra‐low dose isotretinoin was initiated in 66% of cases. The patients were monitored for a median follow‐up time of 15.5 months [1–51 months].ResultsWe can show rapid improvement of inflammation under antibiotic‐treatment with azithromycin (500 mg 3x weekly for 4 weeks, 2x weekly for 4 weeks, 1x weekly 4 weeks) followed by ultra‐low dose isotretinoin maintenance treatment with minimal side effects. Topical ivermectin was administered additionally.ConclusionsMacrolides, in particular azithromycin, pose an alternative treatment method when retinoids are contraindicated extending the treatment regimen of rosacea fulminans. They are a fast‐acting and safe alternative to retinoids without the need for initial contraception. The antibiotic‐based approach is particularly suited to the control of inflammation.
High infection rates and risk‐adapted prevention strategies in contemporary pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Yeung Tsz Wing , Chan Wilson Yau Ki , Wong Sally Cheuk Ying , Lee Pamela Pui Wah , Cheuk Daniel Ka Leung , Leung Wing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWith recent changes in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) practices, such as the increasing use of alternative donors and ex vivo T‐cell depletion, how various risk factors interplay and affect the timeline of infections have not been well elucidated. We retrospectively reviewed the first 100 consecutive HSCT from April 2019 to October 2021 in the only pediatric HSCT center in Hong Kong. We found that the vast majority of the allogeneic transplant recipients (69/74, 93.2%) had infections after HSCT, amongst which bacterial, viral, and fungal infection rates were 35.1%, 90.5%, and 9.5%, respectively. In contrast, only 30.8% (8/26) of autologous transplant recipients had infections (rate of bacterial, viral, and fungal infection were 19.2%, 15.4%, and 3.8%, respectively). Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV‐6) and BK virus (BKV) typically occurred early after HSCT, adenovirus (ADV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) thereafter, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) throughout the entire 2.5‐year observation period. Ex vivo T‐cell depletion was a general risk factor for viral infection with HHV‐6 (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.03), BKV (HR = 3.36), CMV (HR = 4.45), and EBV (HR = 7.15); all p < 0.02. Cancer in second‐complete remission compared with first‐complete remission was a risk factor for bacterial infection (OR = 6.0, 95% CI = 1.12–32.2, and p = 0.037). Patients with gut graft‐versus‐host disease were at risk for fungal infections (OR = 12.3, 95% CI = 1.33–114.4, and p = 0.027). The infection‐related mortality rate was 10.0%, which occurred only in allogeneic HSCT patients with hematological malignancies receiving cord blood (n = 4) or haploidentical HSCT (n = 6). Collectively, our findings in pediatric patients after contemporary HSCT support both time‐dependent and risk‐adapted measures against infective complications to improve transplant outcome.
Consensus recommendations for use of long‐acting antiretroviral medications in the treatment and prevention of HIV‐1: Endorsed by the American Academy of HIV Medicine, American College of Clinical Pharmacy, Canadian HIV and Viral Hepatitis Pharmacists Network, European AIDS Clinical Society, and Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists: An executive summary
Authors: Sherman Elizabeth M. , Agwu Allison L. , Ambrosioni Juan , Behrens Georg M. N. , Chu Carolyn , Collins Lauren F. , Jimenez Humberto R. , Koren David E. , McGorman Leslie , Nguyen Nancy N. , Nicol Melanie R. , Pandit Neha Sheth , Pierre Natacha , Scarsi Kimberly K. , Spinner Gary F. , Tseng Alice , Young Jeremy D. , Badowski Melissa E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFive long‐acting (LA) antiretrovirals (ARVs) are currently available in a limited number of countries worldwide for HIV‐1 prevention or treatment – cabotegravir, rilpivirine, lenacapavir, ibalizumab, and dapivirine. Implementing use of LA ARVs in routine clinical practice requires significant changes to the current framework of HIV‐1 prevention, treatment, and service provision. Given the novelty, complexity, and interdisciplinary requirements of safe and optimal use of LA ARVs, consensus recommendations on the use of LA ARVs will assist clinicians in optimizing use of these agents. The purpose of these recommendations is to provide guidance for the clinical use of LA ARVs for HIV‐1 treatment and prevention. In addition, future areas of research are identified and discussed.
Consensus recommendations for use of long‐acting antiretroviral medications in the treatment and prevention of HIV‐1: Endorsed by the American Academy of HIV Medicine, American College of Clinical Pharmacy, Canadian HIV and Viral Hepatitis Pharmacists Network, European AIDS Clinical Society, and Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists
Authors: Sherman Elizabeth M. , Agwu Allison L. , Ambrosioni Juan , Behrens Georg M. N. , Chu Carolyn , Collins Lauren F. , Jimenez Humberto R. , Koren David E. , McGorman Leslie , Nguyen Nancy N. , Nicol Melanie R. , Pandit Neha Sheth , Pierre Natacha , Scarsi Kimberly K. , Spinner Gary F. , Tseng Alice , Young Jeremy D. , Badowski Melissa E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFive long‐acting (LA) antiretrovirals (ARVs) are currently available in a limited number of countries worldwide for HIV‐1 prevention or treatment—cabotegravir, rilpivirine, lenacapavir, ibalizumab, and dapivirine. Implementing use of LA ARVs into routine clinical practice requires significant changes to the current framework of HIV‐1 prevention, treatment, and service provision. Given the novelty, complexity, and interdisciplinary requirements needed to safely and optimally utilize LA ARVs, consensus recommendations on the use of LA ARVs will assist clinicians in optimizing use of these agents. The purpose of these recommendations is to provide guidance for the clinical use of LA ARVs for HIV‐1 treatment and prevention. In addition, future areas of research are also identified and discussed.
Positive charge delocalization and anti‐aromaticity of cations generated by protonation of benzo[a]fluoranthenes in superacid
Authors: Okazaki Takao , Yamashita Haruki , Kitagawa Toshikazu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBenzo[a]fluoranthene (4a) is one of non‐alternate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. A reaction of 4a in CF3SO3H yielded a dark yellow solution. Direct NMR observation indicated the exclusive formation of carbocation 4aH+ by protonation at the C(8) position. The most deshielded 1H and 13C signals were observed at 8.99 ppm for H(12) and 8.29 ppm for H(1), 182.6 ppm for C(12b), 155.6 ppm for C(8a), and 149.4 ppm for C(7a). The signals for H(4) and H(5) were significantly more shielded than those of 4a. A reaction of 3‐tert‐butylbenzo[a]fluoranthene (4b) in CF3SO3H afforded carbocation 4bH+ by the protonation at the C(8) position. 4bH+ was gradually converted to 4aH+. The changes in 13C NMR chemical shifts (Δδ13C) suggested that positive charge was delocalized into mainly seven carbons in 4aH+ and 4bH+. The observed cations were found to be the most stable cations among the possible protonation cations by the DFT method. The NICS(1)zz values for the five‐membered rings were calculated to be 35.6 for 4aH+ and 34.4 for 4bH+ by GIAO‐B3LYP/6‐311+G(2d,p). The experimental NMR and the NICS(1)zz data indicated that the five‐membered rings in 4aH+ and 4bH+ exhibited anti‐aromaticity.
A 4‐year field study monitoring the evolution of Trp574Leu‐resistant plants in an Echinochloa crus‐galli population under different crop rotation and herbicide programs in maize
Authors: Torra Joel , Mora German , Montull José María , Royo‐Esnal Aritz , Notter Jean Sébastien , Salas Marisa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDA 4‐year experiment evaluated the effects of different integrated weed management (IWM) programs on the evolution of a Echinochloa crus‐galli population resistant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors in a maize cropping system. The programs included the continued use of ALS inhibitors, mixing them with alternative herbicides, or without ALS‐inhibitors, in all cases under maize monocrop or a biennial crop rotation.RESULTSIWM programs that relied solely on non‐ALS‐inhibitors usually achieved high control levels across years (> 90%). Additionally, Trp574Leu‐resistant plants became prevalent (> 90%) in programs only using ALS inhibitors, while in the rest the frequency of susceptible plants did not substantially decrease below 40%. Regarding the other monitored grass weeds, Digitaria sanguinalis and Panicum dichotomiflorum were effectively controlled in programs using ALS‐inhibitors without soybean rotation or in programs without ALS‐inhibitors altogether, excepting the program relying on an 4‐hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)‐inhibitor under maize monocrop for the latter species (0%).CONCLUSIONAt the end of the experiment, the only IWM programs that reduced infestation levels were the one without ALS‐inhibitors under soybean rotation, and the one with standard pre‐emergence treatments. These findings highlight the effectiveness of crop rotation and alternative herbicides both pre‐ or post‐emergence in controlling E. crus‐galli. ALS‐inhibitors, while challenged by resistance in E. crus‐galli, remain valuable tools for managing other grass weed species in maize. It is crucial to adapt IWM strategies for herbicide‐resistant E. crus‐galli and other grass weed populations to mitigate the further evolution of resistance. © 2024 Corteva Agriscience. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
The Met Office Forecast Ocean Assimilation Model (FOAM) using a 1/12‐degree grid for global forecasts
Authors: Barbosa Aguiar Ana , Bell Michael J. , Blockley Edward , Calvert Daley , Crocker Richard , Inverarity Gordon , King Robert , Lea Daniel J. , Maksymczuk Jan , Martin Matthew J. , Price Martin R. , Siddorn John , Smout‐Day Kerry , Waters Jennifer , While James 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Met Office Forecast Ocean Assimilation Model (FOAM) ocean–sea‐ice analysis and forecasting operational system has been using an ORCA tripolar grid with 1/4° horizontal grid spacing since December 2008. Surface boundary forcing is provided by numerical weather prediction fields from the operational global atmosphere Met Office Unified Model. We present results from a 2‐year simulation using a 1/12° global ocean–sea‐ice model configuration while keeping a 1/4° data assimilation (DA) set‐up. We also describe recent operational data assimilation enhancements that are included in our 1/4° control and 1/12° simulations: a new bias‐correction term for sea‐level anomaly assimilation and a revised pressure correction algorithm. The primary effect of the first is to decrease the mean and variability of sea‐level anomaly increments at high latitudes, whereas the second significantly reduces the vertical velocity standard deviation in the tropical Pacific. The level of improvement achieved with the higher resolution configuration is moderate but consistently satisfactory when measured using neighbourhood verification metrics that provide fairer quantitative comparisons between gridded model fields at different spatial resolutions than traditional root‐mean‐square metrics. A comparison of the eddy kinetic energy from each configuration and an observation‐based product highlights the regions where further system developments are most needed.
Using dopants in the atmospheric pressure chemical ionization ion source to determine the site of protonation by ion mobility spectrometry
Authors: Valadbeigi Younes , Mirzahosseini Fatemeh , Ilbeigi Vahideh , Matejcik Stefan 
Published: July 2024

RationaleCompounds like caffeine metabolites with more than one proton acceptor site can produce a mixture of isomeric protonated ions (protomers) in electrospray ionization and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) ion sources. Discrimination between the protomers is of interest as the charge location influences ion structure and chemical and physical properties.MethodsProtonation of caffeine in an APCI ion source was studied using ion mobility spectrometry. The hydronium ions, H3O+(H2O)n, are the main reactant ions in the APCI ion source. Different dopant gases including NO2, NH3, and CH3NH2 were used to produce new reactant ions NO+, NH4+, and CH3NH3+, respectively. Density functional theory was employed to explain the experimental results and calculate the energies of the ionization reactions.ResultsThe ion mobility spectrum of caffeine showed three peaks. In the presence of NO2 dopant and NO+ reactant ion, caffeine was ionized via charge transfer and formation of M+ ion. As NH3 and CH3NH2 are stronger bases than H2O, the reactant ions NH4+ and CH3NH3+ selectively protonated the more basic site of caffeine, that is, the imidazole nitrogen. Using these dopants, we could attribute the first ion mobility peak to M+ ion, the second peak to the protonation of caffeine at the carbonyl oxygen atom, and the third peak to the protonation of the imidazole nitrogen atom. The calculated collisional cross‐sections of M+ and the protomers of caffeine confirmed the peaks' assignment.ConclusionsThe criterion for the selection of an appropriate dopant is that its proton affinity (PA) should be between those of the proton acceptor sites of the molecule studied.
Beyond Conventional Catalysts: Monoelemental Tellurium as a Game Changer for Piezo‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Mishra Hari Krishna , Ankush  , Barman Narad , Mondal Bidya , Jha Menaka , Thapa Ranjit , Mandal Dipankar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe increasing demand for clean hydrogen production over fossil fuels necessitates the development of sustainable piezoelectrochemical methods that can overcome the limitations of conventional electrocatalytic and photocatalytic approaches. In this regard, existing piezocatalysts face challenges related to their low piezoelectricity or active site coverage for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Driven by global environmental concerns, there is a compelling push to engineer practical materials for highly efficient HER. Herein, monoelemental 2D tellurium (Te) is presented as a class of layered chalcogenide with a non‐centrosymmetric crystal structure (P3121 space group). The refined Te nanosheets demonstrate an unprecedented highly efficient H2 production rate ≈9000 µmol g−1 h−1 under ultrasonic mechanical vibration due to built‐in piezo‐potential in the system. The remarkable piezocatalytic performance of Te nanosheets arises from a synergistic interplay between their semi‐metallic nature, favorable free energy landscape, enhanced electrical conductivity and outstanding piezoelectricity. As a proof of concept, the theoretical approach based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) validates the findings due to the gradual exposure of active sites on the Te nanosheets leading to a self‐optimized catalytic performance for hydrogen generation. Therefore, mechanically driven Te emerges as a promising piezocatalyst with the potential to revolutionize highly efficient and sustainable technology for futuristic applications.
All‐Organic Piezo‐Photocatalytic Film with Highly Efficient Catalysis, Weak‐Force Excitation, and Recyclability
Authors: Liu Ya , Tong Wangshu , Zhuang Jialin , Zhang Yihe 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPolyaniline (PANI), a typical organic photocatalyst, has an adjustable structure and good stability, can be easily synthesized on a large scale, and is economical. PANI is doped with ions to regulate its internal structure and improve its photocatalytic performance. However, its photocatalytic performance is limited by the doping concentration and its intrinsic properties, hindering its further application. Herein, PANI films with a piezo‐photocatalytic function are fabricated to improve photocatalytic performance and explore their self‐powered environmental purification property. PANI/poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐HFP) sandwich films, with PVDF‐HFP as the interlayer, are prepared by introducing a piezoelectric field into PANI photocatalysts, thereby achieving excellent piezo‐photocatalytic performance. The as‐fabricated piezo‐photocatalyst degrades methyl orange at a rate of 91.2% after 60 min under magnetic stirring. Owing to the low Young's modulus of the all‐organic catalyst, self‐powered purification is realized using the PANI/PVDF‐HFP film. Leaf surfaces are functionalized by loading the film in them for removing pollutants under sunlight and water flow. Thus, this study proposes a common strategy, wherein a piezoelectric interlayer is introduced to load the organic photocatalyst for preparing an all‐organic piezo‐photocatalyst. This piezo‐photocatalyst can be easily recycled and responds to weak forces, realizing its application for self‐powered environmental purification.
Adjustable Ultra‐Light Mechanical Negative Poisson's Ratio Metamaterials with Multi‐Level Dynamic Crushing Effects
Authors: Xu Xiang , Huang Chuanqiang , Li Chongchong , Wang Xin , Li Xiaojie , Li Zhen , Feng Xiangchao , Li Bingyang , Zhang Yong , Ji Haibo , Wang Pengfei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMechanical metamaterials with multi‐level dynamic crushing effects (MM‐MLs) are designed in this study through coordinate transformation and mirror arrays. The mechanical effects of the diameter and length ratio of the struts and connecting rods, the Euler angles, and the cell numbers on the mechanical properties are investigated separately. MM‐ML can exhibit significant two‐level platform stress, and the local cells in the first platform stress stage undergo rotational motion, while the second platform stress stage mainly involves collapse compression and bending. Although increasing the length of the connecting rods can increase the range of Poisson's ratio, it will reduce the level of platform stress and energy absorption. Increasing the Euler angle will reduce the strain interval of the first platform stress and can improve the energy absorption capacity. In addition, increasing the cell number while maintaining a constant relative density can effectively enhance energy absorption. MM‐ML has significant parameter controllability, can achieve different platform stress regions, different ranges of Poisson's ratios, and energy absorption requirements according to the application scenario, and can demonstrate functional diversity compared to existing research. The design scheme can provide ideas for adaptive crushing protection requirements.
Recent Functionalized Strategies of Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Anode Protection of Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Battery
Authors: Chen Ming , Fu Wei , Hou Chunchao , Zhu Yunhai , Meng Fanlu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe inherent benefits of aqueous Zn‐ion batteries (ZIBs), such as environmental friendliness, affordability, and high theoretical capacity, render them promising candidates for energy storage systems. Nevertheless, the Zn anodes of ZIBs encounter severe challenges, including dendrite formation, hydrogen evolution reaction, corrosion, and surface passivation. These would result in the infeasibility of ZIBs in practical situations. To this end, artificial interfaces with functionalized materials are crafted to protect the Zn anode. They have the capability to modulate the zinc ion flux in proximity to the electrode surface and shield it from aqueous electrolytes by leveraging either size effects or charge effects. Considering metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) with tunable pore size, chemical composition, and stable framework structures, they have emerged as effective materials for building artificial interfaces, prolonging the lifespan, and improving the unitization of Zn anode. In this review, the contributions of MOFs for protecting Zn anode, which mainly involves facilitating homogeneous nucleation, manipulating selective deposition, regulating ion and charge flux, accelerating Zn desolvation, and shielding against free water and anions are comprehensively summarized. Importantly, the future research trajectories of MOFs for the protection of the Zn anode are underscored, which may propose new perspectives on the practical Zn anode and endow the MOFs with high‐value applications.