bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease in India: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Yellapantula Balsubramaniam , Jhunjhunwala Kush D. , Bhrushundi Milind , Sharma Ranjana 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Understanding CVD prevalence and risk factors in these populations is essential for improving outcomes. This study assesses CVD prevalence and associated risk factors among CKD and ESRD patients in India.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2022 to December 2023 at Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, India, including 800 adult CKD stage 3 to 5 patients, with and without dialysis. Data collection involved patient interviews, medical record reviews, clinical exams, and biochemical assessments. Logistic regression analysis identified independent predictors of CVD.

Results:
Among participants, 35% had coronary artery disease, 27.5% had heart failure, 20% had arrhythmias, and 15% had cerebrovascular disease. CVD prevalence was higher in ESRD patients compared to CKD patients. Significant predictors included age, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and ESRD status, with ESRD patients showing more than double the odds of developing CVD (OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.85–3.40, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
This study reveals a high burden of CVD among CKD and ESRD patients in India, particularly in those with ESRD. Early identification and management of cardiovascular risk factors in CKD patients are crucial to reducing the risk of complications.
A Cross-Sectional Study of Depression in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients at a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Parmar Hansraj , Joshi Prakash , Singh Reena , Parmar Sachin , Sharma Ranjana 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune condition often linked with depression, worsening symptoms, and lowering the quality of life. This study evaluated the prevalence of depression in female RA patients and its relationship with RA activity and inflammatory markers.

Material and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted over 18 months, involving 185 female RA patients with depression, diagnosed using DSM-5 criteria. RA disease activity was assessed using the Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS 28), and inflammatory markers, including CRP, ESR, RF, and anti-CCP, were evaluated. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0.

Results:
Depression was present in 72.4% of patients, with mild, moderate, and severe depression observed in 31.4%, 26.5%, and 14.6%, respectively. Significant associations were found between depression severity and RA activity (P = 0.000). Elevated CRP and ESR levels were seen in 81.6% and 89.7% of patients, correlating with depression severity. Rheumatoid markers (RF and Anti-CCP) were also significantly linked to both RA activity and depression.

Conclusion:
High depression prevalence in RA patients, especially those with severe disease activity, highlights the need for integrated mental health and RA care to enhance patient outcomes.
Extraction and Analysis of Antimicrobial Compounds from Onosma Bracteatum Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Kazmi Syed Y. , Baig Habeeb A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Infectious diseases are the world’s leading cause of premature mortality, almost killing 65,000 people every day.

Objective:
The main objective of the study is to find the extraction and analysis of antimicrobial compounds from Onosma Bracteatum using response surface methodology.

Materials and Methods:
ATCC culture samples and antibiotic discs were purchased from PCSIR and scientific markets. All chemicals with reagents of analytical and commercial grades were purchased from Sigma Millipore Chemical Germany, Daejung Chemicals, China, and Unichem England. ONOSMA BRACTEATUM was purchased from the herbal market and its extracts were prepared in the lab.

Results:
The plant extracts; ONO (3.82%) having light green color were arranged and further valued by performing phytochemical analysis of plant extracts. The highest quantity of phenolic content was observed in Ethanolic, Chloroform, and n-hexane extract of fruit with values 97.0 ± 0.91, 39.5 ± 0.55, and 8.1 ± 0.67 μg GAE/mg extract respectively.

Conclusion:
It very well might be deduced from this research that in-vitro investigation of the O. bracteatum plant showed a critical zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staph aureus, klebsiella pneumonia, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Ceruloplasmin as a Vital Tool for Grading of Preeclampsia: A Case-Control Study in Central India
Authors: Raghuwanshi Kapil , Narrey Nidhi , Dandotiya Dileep , Tambade Swapnali , Gandhe Mahendra , Sharma Ranjana 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, characterized by high blood pressure (≥ 140/90 mmHg), proteinuria, and edema after 20 weeks of gestation. Affecting 3-10% of pregnancies globally, PE is a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.

Materials and Methods:
This case-control study involved 105 pregnant women in their third trimester (28-40 weeks), divided into three groups: 35 normotensive controls, 35 with mild preeclampsia, and 35 with severe preeclampsia. Serum ceruloplasmin levels were measured using a turbidimetry method on a Biosystem BA400 analyzer. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, with P values < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results:
The study found significantly higher ceruloplasmin levels in preeclamptic women compared to the control group. Normotensive women had mean ceruloplasmin levels of 84.53 ± 7.33 mg/dl, while women with mild and severe preeclampsia had levels of 107.44 ± 7.37 mg/dl and 135.42 ± 10.73 mg/dl, respectively. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.00001).

Conclusion:
Elevated serum ceruloplasmin levels were strongly associated with the severity of preeclampsia. Early detection of elevated levels may help in diagnosing and managing preeclampsia, potentially reducing maternal and fetal complications.
A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess the Level of Antioxidant Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) in Diagnosed Patients of Depression at Tertiary Care Hospital of Central India
Authors: Narwaria Sunil Singh , Nagwanshi Jyoti , Manore Sharad , Lohokare Rajeev , Dandotiya Dileep , Raghuwanshi Kapil , Sharma Ranjana 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Vitamin C is a potent antioxidant that protects biomolecules from oxidative stress and damage. Depression is a psychiatric disorder characterized by low mood, loss of interest, and diminished energy. The role of oxidative stress in depression remains unclear, with conflicting findings in the literature. This study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of vitamin C in patients with depression compared to healthy individuals and to assess its correlation with depression severity.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study involves 55 newly diagnosed drug-naive patients with depression and 55 healthy controls. Serum vitamin C levels were measured and compared. The severity of depression was assessed using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD).

Results:
The mean serum vitamin C levels were significantly lower in depressed patients (0.1569 ± 0.12 mg/dl) compared to healthy controls (1.4629 ± 0.93 mg/dl) (P = 0.00). A significant inverse correlation was observed between depression severity and serum vitamin C levels, with the lowest levels found in patients with severe depression.

Conclusion:
Vitamin C deficiency is more pronounced in patients with depression, particularly in severe cases. The findings suggest that vitamin C may play a role in the pathophysiology of depression and that supplementation could be beneficial in managing the disease.
Effect of Duration of Exposure of Thumb Movements While Operating Mobile Phone on Nerve Conduction Velocity and Handgrip Strength in Undergraduate Medical Students
Authors: Hundekari Jagdish C. , Wasnik Sanjay , Paliwal Manoj , Yadav Indrajeet , Kau Chandeep , Badjatiya Bhumika , Kot Lokendra , Sharma Ranjana 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Use of mobile phones has clearly been increased in recent times with all the developing technologies, attracting the younger generation to use them which may lead to addiction. Students these days are continuously engaged in their mobile phones chatting with each other or probably playing games like PubG.

Aims and Objective:
In the present study, we investigated the handgrip strength and median motor nerve conduction velocity to assess the impact of duration of mobile usage on the functional status of the hands.

Material and Method:
175 undergraduate medical students aged 18–25 years were divided into four groups depending on duration of usage: less than 1 year (N = 23), 1–2 years (N = 89), 2–4 years (N = 37), and more than 4 years (N = 26). Median motor nerve conduction velocity and grip and pinch strengths were recorded.

Results:
Significantly lower median motor nerve conduction velocity was observed as the duration of smartphone usage increased (P < 0.0005). Handgrip strength was reduced non-significantly as duration of smartphone use increased (P < 0.224).

Conclusion:
Smartphone overuse reduces the nerve conduction velocity and decreases handgrip strength and hand functions which may increase the risk of peripheral neuropathy.
An In Vitro Assessment of Microleakage of Pit and Fissure Sealants and Restorative Materials Using Dye Penetration Method
Authors: Arora Deval K. , Maiti Niladri , Gaeta Carlo , Grandini Simone , Taraphder Rupsa , Kulasekaran Manoj , Bulbule Nilesh 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The study focused to determine the microleakage of various materials using the dye penetration method.

Materials and Methods:
The study samples consisted of 45 healthy human mandibular premolar teeth removed for orthodontic therapy without caries. The samples were categorized into three groups of 15 each. All the samples were etched for 20 seconds with 37% phosphoric acid gel before being sealed with a glass ionomer cement (GIC) sealant (Fuji—VII GIC), light-cure glass ionomer composite cement (Prevest Fusion I), or flowable nanocomposite sealants (Prevest Fusion Flo), respectively. Every sample were thermocycled and immersed for one day in methylene blue (5%) solution to dye diffusion between the gaps present among the tooth and restoration. The teeth were sectioned and analyzed using image analysis software beneath a stereomicroscope at 10x magnification.

Results:
The marginal microleakage was found lowest in flowable nanocomposites (1.06 ± 0.98), then light-cure glass ionomer composite cement (2.44 ± 1.42), and GIC (4.07 ± 1.54). A statistically significant variance was noted.

Conclusion:
Current investigation evaluated that reduced marginal leakage was seen in flowable nanocomposites when compared to other two groups.
Perceived stress and body image perception as correlates of eating disorders among pharmacy students in a Nigerian university: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Anosike Chibueze , Udoh Japhet Percy , Ugochukwu Ezinwanne Jane , Okonkwo Vanessa Chinweike , Okoye Christabel Ogechukwu , Nebonta Sonna Ausla 
Published: February 2025

Background: High perceived stress and concerns about body image can potentially trigger eating disorders (ED) among university students. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between EDs and perceived stress and body image among pharmacy students in a Nigerian public university.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among all undergraduate pharmacy students in a Nigerian public university. The Body Shape Questionnaire, Eating Attitudes Test, and Perceived Stress Scale were used for data collection. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test and Pearson correlation tests. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: Out of the 417 respondents, more than half were male (52.3%) and aged 21-25 years (53.7%). About 62.6% of the students had a high risk of ED. Although most students (94.5%) had no body shape concern, 87.3% were moderately stressed. Body image perception (r = 0.650, p < 0.001) and perceived stress (r = 0.151, p = 0.002) had a positive correlation with the risk of ED.
Conclusion: Higher stress levels and more negative body image perceptions were associated with a higher risk of ED among pharmacy students. Appropriate interventions to reduce stress levels and address body image concerns among pharmacy students are recommended.
Impact of a continuing medical education programme on pharmacovigilance awareness among second-year medical students in an Indian medical college
Authors: Hussain Tasneem , Kushwah Anjali , S. Mishra Pooja , Acharya Preeti 
Published: February 2025

Background: Pharmacovigilance is essential for ensuring drug safety by monitoring Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs). However, awareness of ADR reporting among healthcare professionals, including medical students, is often inadequate. This study evaluates the impact of a Continuing Medical Education (CME) program on pharmacovigilance knowledge and ADR reporting awareness among second-year medical students at Mahatma Gandhi Memorial (M.G.M.) Medical College, Indore.
Methods: A pre-post intervention study was conducted with 187 students. The CME programme covered ADR reporting under the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI). Data were collected pre- and post-intervention using a structured questionnaire focusing on pharmacovigilance definitions, ADR reporting, signal detection, and ADR misconceptions. Descriptive statistics and paired t-tests were employed to evaluate significant differences in pre-test and post-test scores.
Results: Significant improvements in knowledge were observed after attending the CME programme, particularly in ADR identification (30.43%), ADR reporting methods (29.17%), signal detection (76.56%), and roles of pharmacovigilance organisations (127.40%). Paired t-tests showed statistically significant differences between pre- and post-test scores (p = 0.004).
Conclusion: The CME programme was effective in enhancing pharmacovigilance awareness among medical students, addressing knowledge gaps, and improving ADR reporting practices. Future studies should assess long-term knowledge retention.
A case study on the first professional experiences of recently graduated pharmacists: Professional identity formation
Authors: Ulutas Deniz Elif , Memis Olcay Besnili , Ceylan Ceren 
Published: February 2025

Background: To become a community pharmacist in Türkiye, it is necessary to gain experience as an assistant pharmacist in a community pharmacy for a minimum of one year after graduation. This study aimed to explore the experiences of recently graduated pharmacists who have experienced assistant pharmacy practice (APP), a one-year training alongside community pharmacists in Türkiye, focusing on various aspects of this practice, particularly professional identity formation (PIF).
Methods: A qualitative approach was used to achieve this objective. A case study design using in-depth interviews allowed participants to describe their lived and perceived experiences in their own words.
Results: Twenty pharmacists (15 females and 5 males) were interviewed. Four themes emerged from the data: (1) contributions of assistant pharmacy practice to PIF, (2) challenges of this practice, (3) stages of PIF during this practice, and (4) pharmacists' perceptions of their roles at the conclusion of the PIF process.
Conclusion: Considering the stages in question and the difficulties encountered in the practice, as acknowledged by the relevant authorities, it is anticipated that PIF during the APP period could be facilitated, and pharmacists' perspectives on the practice could change.
AVALIAÇÃO DAS BOAS PRÁTICAS DA ATENÇÃO HOSPITALAR AO PARTO APÓS A REDE CEGONHA
Authors: Marini Gabriela 
Published: February 2025

Introdução: Com a implementação da Rede Cegonha em 2011, o objetivo do Ministério da Saúde era melhorar a assistência à gestação, parto e pós-parto, e reduzir a mortalidade materna e infantil. O monitoramento do programa é importante para que as mudanças sejam realizadas a fim de qualificar cada vez mais a assistência ao parto. Objetivo: Avaliar as boas práticas de atenção ao parto após a Rede Cegonha em um hospital público da cidade de Bauru, São Paulo. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, retrospectivo, documental, desenvolvido com análise de prontuários eletrônicos de parturientes na Maternidade Santa Isabel, Bauru-SP, após a implementação da Rede Cegonha (análise nos anos de 2013 e 2019). Resultados: Foram coletados 272 prontuários (131 em 2013 e 141 em 2019). Houve queda de 15% dos partos vaginais de 2013 para 2019 (p=0,007), aumento das boas práticas visto pela diminuição da prática de episiotomia de 43,6% em 2013 para 18,1% em 2019 (p=0,000), aumento na utilização de métodos não farmacológicos (13,7% em 2013 para 41,8% em 2019) e aumento na realização do partograma (26,7% em 2013 para 53% em 2019). Conclusão: Com a implementação da Rede Cegonha, apesar do aumento de partos cesáreas, houve aumento de boas práticas de atenção ao parto como diminuição da episiotomia, aumento de métodos não farmacológicos, presença de acompanhante e liberdade na escolha da posição no parto. Práticas úteis que devem ser estimuladas para garantir uma melhor assistência e repercutir positivamente na saúde materno-infantil.
Holistic Health, Yoga and Social Change Among Young Women in the Arabian Gulf Post-COVID-19
Authors: Rajkhan Osama 
Published: February 2025

The environment guides human imagination and steers life processes. In times of adversity, like during the COVID-19 pandemic, the imagination of both sexes was stimulated and formed new experiences in the mind that reshaped the way of social interaction and order between all members of society. In the pursuit of survival and staying well, many young adults in the Arab Gulf region, mostly female, explored holistic health to prevent infection with inspired creativity. As women face more challenges in life than men and have different future needs, COVID-19 appears to have stimulated the social acceptance of gender empowerment. In large part this was due to a combination of two elements - national female empowerment projects; provided by increased market opportunities and certain freedoms, like driving an automobile and the freedom to live alone; and interest in Holistic Health preventions, imagined as an efficient way not only for preventing infection and family chronic diseases in old age but also increasing intergenerational social harmony. Outdoors Yoga was such an intervention independently sought by YAW. Based on personal conversations (N=800, ages between 21 yrs. and 31 yrs.) in three Arab Gulf countries between 2022 and 2023, this paper reviews the effect of the imagination on gender behavioral choices for staying alive and well in the new environment of uncertainty. It found that Covid-19 unequivocally strengthened the female element's role in society's affairs.
Effect of Environmental Education on Public Recycling Behavior in Indonesia
Authors: Susilo Joko 
Published: February 2025

Purpose: The purpose of this article was to examine effect of environmental education on public recycling behavior in Indonesia.
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: Recent research in Indonesia shows that environmental education significantly boosts public recycling behavior. Community workshops and interactive sessions have improved waste management practices in urban areas. These initiatives have increased recycling participation and enhanced public awareness. They also promote better waste segregation among households.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Theory of planned behavior (TPB), social cognitive theory (SCT) & diffusion of innovations theory may be used to anchor future studies on the effect of environmental education on public recycling behavior in Indonesia. Practitioners are encouraged to design and implement tailored environmental education programs that leverage interactive and participatory learning techniques to foster recycling behavior. Policymakers should embed environmental education within formal education curricula and community outreach programs as a strategic tool to bolster recycling behavior.
Frequency of Culture-Proven Sepsis in Neonates Born to Mothers with Premature Rupture of Membranes
Authors: Ejaz Sana , Nighat Haider  , Adeel Bushra , Qayyum Faiza , Ambreen Sara , Rehman Hifza 
Published: February 2025

Objectives: To determine frequency of culture proven sepsis in neonates born to mother with premature rupture of membranes (PROM).
Methodology: This observational cross-sectional study was carried out from June 2022 to December 2022 at department of neonatology PIMS Islamabad. A total of 305 neonates fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the study. At the time of inclusion baseline characteristics were documented. After that blood samples of all the children with signs and symptoms of neonatal sepsis were sent for blood culture and sensitivity for diagnosis confirmation, organism identification and antibiotic sensitivity. Data was analyzed using SPSS 22:00.
Results: In our study, mean gestational age of neonates was 38.33 Â± 1.84 weeks. There were 177 (58.04%) male and 128 (41.96%) female. Mean duration of PROM was 20.98 Â± 1.44 hours. Frequency of culture proven sepsis in neonates born to mother with PROM was 82 (26.88%). Most common organism which was isolated in blood cultures was Klebsiella spp. 40 (48.78%).
Conclusion: Premature rupture of membranes increases the chances of neonates to acquire sepsis. Special care should be taken for such neonates in NICU for improved outcomes.
Keywords: Neonate, Organism, PROM, Drug sensitivity, Sepsis.
KAJIAN PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK AMOXICILLIN DAN COTRIMOXAZOLE PADA PASIEN DIARE PEDIATRIK DI KLINIK JEDDAH MAKASSAR
Authors: Edy Paturusi Andi Armisman , Mutmainnah Mutmainnah , Salman Salman 
Published: February 2025

Diare merupakan penyebab kematian kedua terbanyak setelah pneumonia pada anak di bawah usia 5 tahun, dengan menyumbang sekitar 9% dari total kematian akibat diare. Pengobatan diare sering kali menggunakan antibiotik, namun pemberian terapi antibiotik yang tidak tepat pada pasien anak dengan diare akut masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di berbagai negara, termasuk Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil penggunaan antibiotik amoksisilin dan kotrimoksazol pada pasien pediatrik dengan diare di Klinik Jeddah Makassar. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode observasional selama bulan Oktober hingga Desember 2023, dengan data diambil dari rekam medis sebanyak 48 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dua antibiotik yang paling sering digunakan adalah kotrimoksazol sebanyak 42 pasien (87,5%) dan amoksisilin sebanyak 6 pasien (12,5%). Penggunaan antibiotik yang sesuai tercatat pada 32 pasien (66,7%), sementara penggunaan yang tidak sesuai ditemukan pada 16 pasien (33,3%). Ketidaksesuaian tersebut meliputi 7 (14,58%) kasus dosis berlebih dan 9 (18,75%) kasus dosis kurang untuk kotrimoksazol, sedangkan penggunaan amoksisilin seluruhnya sesuai. Peresepan antibiotik pada anak dengan diare akut memerlukan perhatian lebih, terutama untuk memastikan indikasi yang tepat dalam penggunaannya.