bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal analysis of sarcoidosis blood transcriptomic signatures and disease outcomes
Authors: Su Robert , Li Michael M. , Bhakta Nirav R. , Solberg Owen D. , Darnell Eli P.B. , Ramstein Joris , Garudadri Suresh , Ho Melissa , Woodruff Prescott G. , Koth Laura L. 
Published: August 2014

Previously, we demonstrated concordance in differentially expressed genes in sarcoidosis blood and lung, implicating shared dysfunction of specific immune pathways. In the present study, we hypothesised that expression levels of candidate genes in sarcoidosis blood could predict and track with disease outcomes longitudinally.We applied Ingenuity Pathway Analysis to a cross-sectional derivation microarray dataset (n=38) to identify canonical pathways and candidate genes associated with sarcoidosis. In a separate longitudinal sarcoidosis cohort (n=103), we serially measured 48 candidate gene transcripts, and assessed their relation to disease chronicity and severity.In the cross-sectional derivation study, pathway analysis showed upregulation of genes related to interferon signalling and the role of pattern recognition receptors, and downregulation of T-cell receptor (TCR) signalling pathways in sarcoidosis. In the longitudinal cohort, factor analysis confirmed coregulation of genes marking these pathways and identified CXCL9 as an additional candidate pathway. CXCL9 and TCR factors discriminated between chronicversusnonprogressive disease, and CXCL9 predicted disease outcomes longitudinally. Interferon factor was similarly increased in both disease phenotypes. Factors associated with lung function decline included decreased TCR factor and increased CXCL9.These findings demonstrate blood transcriptomic signatures reflecting TCR signalling and CXCL9 predict sarcoidosis chronicity and correlate with disease severity longitudinally.
Effects of nanosized constriction on thermal transport properties of graphene
Authors: Yao Wen-Jun , Cao Bing-Yang , Yun He-Ming , Chen Bao-Ming 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThermal transport properties of graphene with nanosized constrictions are investigated using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that the nanosized constrictions have a significant influence on the thermal transport properties of graphene. The thermal resistance of the nanosized constrictions is on the order of 107to 109 K/W at 150 K, which reduces the thermal conductivity by 7.7% to 90.4%. It is also found that the constriction resistance is inversely proportional to the width of the constriction and independent of the heat current. Moreover, we developed an analytical model for the ballistic thermal resistance of the nanosized constrictions in two-dimensional nanosystems. The theoretical prediction agrees well with the simulation results in this paper, which suggests that the thermal transport across the nanosized constrictions in two-dimensional nanosystems is ballistic in nature.PACS65.80.CK; 61.48.Gh; 63.20.kp; 31.15.xv
Monitoring of degradation of porous silicon photonic crystals using digital photography
Authors: Ariza-Avidad Maria , Nieto Alejandra , Salinas-Castillo Alfonso , Capitan-Vallvey Luis F , Miskelly Gordon M , Sailor Michael J 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWe report the monitoring of porous silicon (pSi) degradation in aqueous solutions using a consumer-grade digital camera. To facilitate optical monitoring, the pSi samples were prepared as one-dimensional photonic crystals (rugate filters) by electrochemical etching of highly doped p-type Si wafers using a periodic etch waveform. Two pSi formulations, representing chemistries relevant for self-reporting drug delivery applications, were tested: freshly etched pSi (fpSi) and fpSi coated with the biodegradable polymer chitosan (pSi-ch). Accelerated degradation of the samples in an ethanol-containing pH 10 aqueous basic buffer was monitoredin situby digital imaging with a consumer-grade digital camera with simultaneous optical reflectance spectrophotometric point measurements. As the nanostructured porous silicon matrix dissolved, a hypsochromic shift in the wavelength of the rugate reflectance peak resulted in visible color changes from red to green. While theHcoordinate in the hue, saturation, and value (HSV) color space calculated using the as-acquired photographs was a good monitor of degradation at short times (t < 100 min), it was not a useful monitor of sample degradation at longer times since it was influenced by reflections of the broad spectral output of the lamp as well as from the narrow rugate reflectance band. A monotonic relationship was observed between the wavelength of the rugate reflectance peak and anHparameter value calculated from the average red-green-blue (RGB) values of each image by first independently normalizing each channel (R,G, andB) using their maximum and minimum value over the time course of the degradation process. Spectrophotometric measurements and digital image analysis using thisHparameter gave consistent relative stabilities of the samples as fpSi > pSi-ch.
Urbanization affects plant flowering phenology and pollinator community: effects of water availability and land cover
Authors: Neil Kaesha , Wu Jianguo , Bang Christofer , Faeth Stanley 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

Introduction
Climate change and urbanization have been shown to alter plant phenology. However, a mechanistic understanding of these changes in flowering phenology and associated pollinator communities is lacking. Thus, this study was designed to examine finer scale flowering phenological patterns and driving processes in an arid urban ecosystem. Specifically, we tested the effect of water availability and land cover type on the flowering phenology of brittlebush (Encelia farinosa) and investigated the arthropod pollinator community associated with brittlebush.

Methods
The fieldwork was carried out as part of a larger community ecology experiment following a factorial nested design. We chose three land cover types, each of which had three replicates, resulting in a total of nine sites. For water availability manipulations, 60 genetically different 5-gallon potted plants were placed on the ground within each site. Pan-trapping was used to collect potential pollinators.

Results
Our results showed that water availability did not produce significant differences in flowering phenology. However, brittlebush planted in mesiscaped urban sites bloomed later, longer, and at a higher percentage than those planted in desert remnant sites and desert fringe sites. Furthermore, desert remnant sites were significantly lower in pollinator abundance than desert fringe sites. Pollinator richness varied over time in all land cover types.

Conclusions
This study provides empirical evidence that land cover type, which is strongly correlated to temperature, is the primary cause for altered flowering phenology of brittlebush in the Phoenix area, although water availability may also be important. Moreover, land cover affects total abundance of bee pollinators.
Tidal variation in fish assemblages and trophic structures in tropical Indo-Pacific seagrass beds
Authors: Lee Chen-Lu , Huang Yen-Hsun , Chung Chia-Yun , Lin Hsing-Juh 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

Background
Tidal cycle is an important factor which regularly changes coastal fish assemblages in shallow waters. However, the variations in fish assemblage and trophic structure across tidal cycles in tropical seagrass beds are rarely discussed. We used underwater visual censuses to quantify fish abundance and diversity from the shallow intertidal to the subtidal zone during both flood and ebb tides in seagrass beds surrounding the Dongsha Island, South China Sea. We also recorded fish feeding habits by analyzing stomach contents.

Results
At least 70 fish species were observed in the seagrass beds during the study periods. Fish density and diversity increased with increasing depths, as well as during flood tides. The intertidal areas were characterized by more variation in both fish assemblage and trophic structure than the subtidal areas. A cluster analysis identified six principal feeding groups and invertebrate-feeding carnivores contributed about 70% of the total fish abundance. The density of herbivores, large-sized carnivores, and piscivores, but not small-sized carnivores, increased during flood tides. In contrast, detritivores decreased in density during flood tides. A heatmap of habitat usage pattern revealed that most fish showed a preference for deeper stations and flood tides. Only a minority of fish showed a preference for shallower stations and ebb tides.

Conclusions
We documented differences in fish assemblage and trophic structure between tides in tropical seagrass beds. Our results suggest that water depth may account for a significant proportion of the variation. The deeper water during flood tides support more space for herbivores and high trophic level carnivores to forage in intertidal meadows. The remaining, non-ebbed seawater columns in the intertidal meadows formed important temporary refuges for fishes during ebb tides. This study offers new information for fish movements over tidal cycles in tropical seagrass beds.
Improving Prevention, Early Recognition and Management of Acute Kidney Injury after Major Surgery: Results of a Planning Meeting with Multidisciplinary Stakeholders
Authors: James Matthew T , Dixon Elijah , Roberts Derek J , Barry Rebecca , Balint Carlee , Bharwani Aleem , Buie William Don , Godinez Tomas , Hemmelgarn Brenda R , Kortbeek John B , Manns Braden J , Marin Andria , Scott-Douglas Nairne , Stelfox Henry Tom , Pannu Neesh 
Published: August 2014

Purpose of review: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common after major surgery, and is associated with morbidity, mortality, increased length of hospital stay, and high health care costs. Although recent guidelines for AKI provide recommendations for identification of patients at risk, monitoring, diagnosis, and management of AKI, there is lack of understanding to guide successful implementation of these recommendations into clinical practice. Sources of information: We held a planning meeting with multidisciplinary stakeholders to identify barriers, facilitators, and strategies to implement recommendations for prevention, early identification, and management of AKI after major surgery. Barriers and facilitators to knowledge use for peri-operative AKI prevention and care were discussed. Findings: Stakeholders identified barriers in knowledge (how to identify high-risk patients, what criteria to use for diagnosis of AKI), attitudes (self-efficacy in preventive care and management of AKI), and behaviors (common use of diuretics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, withholding of intravenous fluids, and competing time demands in peri-operative care). Educational, informatics, and organizational interventions were identified by stakeholders as potentially useful elements for future interventions for peri-operative AKI. Limitation: Meeting participants were from a single centre. Implications: The information and recommendations obtained from this stakeholder's meeting will be useful to design interventions to improve prevention and early care for AKI after major surgery.
Nota sobre metodologia de coleta de insetos aquáticos em paredões de cachoeiras
Authors: Cabette Helena Soares Ramos , Castro Lourivaldo Amancio de 
Published: August 2014

Apresentamos uma nova metodologia de coleta de insetos aquáticos para ambientes de cachoeira, juntamente com a elaboração de um equipamento de amostragem. Propomos uma modificação do formato do rapiché ou coador tradicional, que com auxílio de uma trincha e espátula, possibilita a raspagem dos paredões, conseguindo retirar inclusive espécies de hábito agarrador. Propõe, ainda, adequação na metodologia de transecções de áreas fixas para a obtenção vertical de amostras comparável a transecções horizontais em riachos.
Methods for Sampling Aquatic Insects on Walls of Waterfalls
Abstract. We present a new method for sampling aquatic insects in waterfall environments, and the development of a sampling equipment. We propose a change in the shape of the dipnet or traditional hand sieve. This change in shape, with the addition of a brush and spatula, enables the scraping of walls, so that even species of grabber habits are sampled. We propose, also, an adaptation of the method of fixed area transects to obtain vertical samples similar to the obtained through horizontal transects in streams.
Checklist de Caelifera (Acridoidea e Eumastacoidea) do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Orthoptera)
Authors: Assis-Pujol Cristiane Vieira , Pujol-Luz José Roberto 
Published: August 2014

Este trabalho apresenta um checklist da fauna de Orthoptera, Caelifera (Acridoidea e Eumastacoidea), do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Este artigo foi baseado no material depositado na Coleção de Orthoptera, Caelifera do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro e em citações da literatura pertinente. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que os Caelifera do estado do Rio de Janeiro estão representados por duas superfamílias, Acridoidea e Eumastacoidea, quatro famílias (Proscopiidae, Ommexechidae, Acrididae e Romaleidae), subdivididos em 10 subfamílias, 16 tribos, 46 gêneros, 48 espécies e oito subspécies. Neste trabalho estão incluídas as listas de sinonímias para cada espécie, distribuição geográfica, localização dos tipos e principais referências bibliográficas.
Checklist of Caelifera (Acridoidea and Eumastacoidea) of Rio de Janeiro State (Orthoptera)
Abstract. This work presents a checklist of the fauna of Orthoptera, Caelifera (Acridoidea and Eumastacoidea), the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This article is based on material deposited in the Collection of Orthoptera, Caelifera the National Museum of Rio de Janeiro, and citations of relevant literature. The survey results show that Caelifera the state of Rio de Janeiro are represented by two superfamilies, and Acridoidea and Eumastacoidea, four families (Proscopiidae, Ommexechidae, and Romaleidae Acrididae), subdivided into 10 subfamilies, 16 tribes, 46 genera, 48 species and eight subspecies. This work includes the lists of synonyms for each species, geographical distribution, types and location of primary references.
Horário Ideal para Coleta de Gafanhotos na Depressão Central no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Carvalho Nathália Leal , Costa Ervandil Correa , Garlet Juliana , Souza Danilo Boanerges , Boscardin Jardel 
Published: August 2014

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência dos principais fatores ambientais no comportamento de acridóideos, bem como o horário ideal para coleta de espécimes deste grupo. As coletas foram realizadas em uma área de campo nativo, e para a captura dos insetos utilizou-se uma rede de coleta adaptada, com a qual se percorreu a distância de 20m, nos horários: 7:30, 9:30, 11:30, 13:30, 15:30 e 17:30, sendo que em cada um dos horários coletaram-se 10 amostras. Durante a coleta, foram medidas também, as variáveis meteorológicas: pressão atmosférica, velocidade do vento, temperatura média do ar, umidade relativa do ar e luminosidade, em cada horário de coleta. Os exemplares coletados foram acondicionados em sacos plásticos e levados ao Laboratório de Entomologia da UFSM. Após a separação e montagem os espécimes, foram encaminhados ao Laboratório de Entomologia da Faculdade de Biociências da PUCRS, onde foram identificados em nível de espécie. Foram coletados 568 exemplares adultos, distribuídos em vinte e duas espécies, pertencentes a dezoito gêneros e três famílias Acrididae, Proscopiidae e Romaleidae. Neste estudo observou-se que o melhor horário de coleta para áreas de campo foi as 13:30, onde observou-se maior temperatura, fator principal que possibilitou a coleta de número superior de exemplares e maior diversidade das espécies.
Ideal Time to Collect Grasshoppers in the Central Depression in Rio Grande do Sul
Abstract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the environmental factors on the behavior of acridóideos as well as ideal time for collecting specimens of this group. The collections were made in an area of native grassland, and to capture the insects used an adapted collection network, with which it covered the distance of 20m, in times: 7:30, 9:30, 11:30 , 13:30, 15:30 and 17:30, and in each of the schedules were collected 10 samples. In the collects, measures were also meteorological variables: air pressure, wind speed, mean air temperature, relative humidity and luminosity in each hour of collection. The collected samples were placed in plastic bags and taken to the Laboratory of Entomology UFSM. After separation and assembly were sent to the Laboratory of Entomology, Faculty of Biosciences, PUCRS, where Acridoidea were identified by Prof. Maria Katia Matiotti Coast to the taxonomic category of species. We collected 568 adult specimens, distributed in twenty two species, belonging to eighteen genera and three families Acrididae, Proscopiidae and Romaleidae. During the study it was observed that the best time for collecting field areas was 13:30, where we observed a higher temperature, the main factor that enabled the collection of higher number of copies and greater diversity of species.
The river blindness drug Ivermectin and related macrocyclic lactones inhibit WNT‐TCF pathway responses in human cancer
Authors: Melotti Alice , Mas Christophe , Kuciak Monika , Lorente‐Trigos Aiala , Borges Isabel , Ruiz i Altaba Ariel 
Published: August 2014

AbstractConstitutive activation of canonical WNT‐TCF signaling is implicated in multiple diseases, including intestine and lung cancers, but there are no WNT‐TCF antagonists in clinical use. We have performed a repositioning screen for WNT‐TCF response blockers aiming to recapitulate the genetic blockade afforded by dominant‐negative TCF. We report that Ivermectin inhibits the expression of WNT‐TCF targets, mimicking dnTCF, and that its low concentration effects are rescued by direct activation by TCFVP16. Ivermectin inhibits the proliferation and increases apoptosis of various human cancer types. It represses the levels of C‐terminal β‐CATENIN phosphoforms and of CYCLIN D1 in an okadaic acid‐sensitive manner, indicating its action involves protein phosphatases. In vivo, Ivermectin selectively inhibits TCF‐dependent, but not TCF‐independent, xenograft growth without obvious side effects. Analysis of single semi‐synthetic derivatives highlights Selamectin, urging its clinical testing and the exploration of the macrocyclic lactone chemical space. Given that Ivermectin is a safe anti‐parasitic agent used by > 200 million people against river blindness, our results suggest its additional use as a therapeutic WNT‐TCF pathway response blocker to treat WNT‐TCF‐dependent diseases including multiple cancers.
Influence of Ni Particle Size of SDC-Supported Anode on SOFC Performance
Authors: Yahiro Hidenori , Sugihara Kazunari , Takemasa Tomohisa , Asamoto Makiko , Itagaki Yoshiteru , Yamaguchi Syuhei , Sadaoka Yoshihiko 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTBoth Ni and alkaline earth metal oxide (MO: CaO, SrO, and BaO)-impregnated SDC powders were prepared as an SOFC anode material. The averaged Ni particle size on SDC was affected by the kind of alkaline earth metal oxide added. The addition of SrO and BaO to Ni/SDC anode enhanced power densities of both H2-SOFC and CH4-SOFC and the addition of CaO lowered them. The maximum power density increased with decreasing the averaged Ni particle size of Ni-MO/SDC anode.
CLEAR Opportunities: Technical Writing and Communication for Engineering Students
Authors: Risbud Aditi 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTDespite being well versed in scientific and technical concepts, engineering students often struggle with technical writing and communication. The CLEAR (Communication, Leadership, Ethics and Research) program at the University of Utah prepares engineering undergraduates for success in their careers through coursework aimed to improve oral and written communication skills, teamwork and ethical understanding. Along with an evaluation of ongoing CLEAR curricula in engineering laboratory and design classes, we are developing tools to assess student outcomes as defined by ABET criteria. These outcomes will inform how best to implement CLEAR curricula at the University of Utah, and ensure our graduates are better prepared to join the engineering workforce.
How Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers Are Transforming Our Understanding and Management of Advanced Gastric Cancer
Authors: Kim Christina , Mulder Karen , Spratlin Jennifer 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBackground.Gastric cancer (GC) is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. GC is a heterogeneous disease in terms of histology, anatomy, and epidemiology. There is also wide variability in how GC is treated in both the resectable and unresectable settings. Identification of prognostic and predictive biomarkers is critical to help direct and tailor therapy for this deadly disease.Methods.A literature search was done using Medline and MeSH terms for GC and predictive biomarkers and prognostic biomarkers. The search was limited to human subjects and the English language. There was no limit on dates. Published data and unpublished abstracts with clinical relevance were included.Results.Many potential prognostic and predictive biomarkers have been assessed for GC, some of which are becoming practice changing. This review is focused on clinically relevant biomarkers, including EGFR, HER2, various markers of angiogenesis, proto-oncogene MET, and the mammalian target of rapamycin.Conclusion.GC is a deadly and heterogeneous disease for which biomarkers are beginning to change our understanding of prognosis and management. The recognition of predictive biomarkers, such as HER2 and vascular endothelial growth factor, has been an exciting development in the management of GC, validating the use of targeted drugs trastuzumab and ramucirumab. MET is another potential predictive marker that may be targeted in GC with drugs such as rilotumumab, foretinib, and crizotinib. Further identification and validation of prognostic and predictive biomarkers has the potential transform how this deadly disease is managed.
Phase I Study of Sunitinib in Combination With Gemcitabine and Capecitabine for First-Line Treatment of Metastatic or Unresectable Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Bellmunt Joaquim , Suarez Cristina , Gallardo Enrique , Rodon Jordi , Pons Francesc , Bonfill Teresa , Beltran Marta , Moya Irene , Galtes Susana , Albanell Joan , Carles Joan 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

Background.
The combination of gemcitabine plus capecitabine and sunitinib (GCS) shows activity in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). We tested the multitargeted “chemo-switch” regimen as first-line treatment in patients with mRCC.

Methods.
We assessed the maximum tolerated dose and antitumor activity of GCS in treatment-naïve, advanced mRCC patients. Treatment consisted of intravenous gemcitabine on days 1 and 8, oral capecitabine twice daily on days 1–14, and oral sunitinib daily for six 21-day cycles, followed by sunitinib monotherapy at the investigator's discretion. Dose level 0 (DL0) was gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2 per day plus capecitabine 650 mg/m2 per 12 hours plus sunitinib 37.5 mg/day; DL1 was gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2 per day plus capecitabine 850 mg/m2 per 12 hours plus sunitinib 37.5 mg/day.

Results.
Sixteen patients were enrolled. At DL1, two of four patients had dose-limiting toxicity (DLT; grade 3 diarrhea and grade 4 thrombocytopenia). The dose was reduced to DL0 when only 1 of 12 patients experienced DLT (grade 3 diarrhea, grade 3 mucositis, and grade 3 thrombocytopenia). Dose reductions were frequent (58% of patients), and only seven patients were able to receive the three drugs for more than three cycles. One patient achieved a complete response, three had partial responses, and the best response for four was stable disease.

Conclusion.
The safety profile of the combination does not seem manageable in this patient population. No further development of the combination is recommended.