bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory Effects of <i>Nigella sativa</i> Seed Extract on Adrenaline-Induced Dyslipidemia and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Rats
Authors: Ali Y. , Islam M. S. , Alam A. H. M. K. , Rahman M. A. A. , Mamun Al , Hossain M. K. , Hossain A. K. M. M. , Parvin M. S. , Rashid M. 
Published: May 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of Nigella sativa seed extract (abbreviated as NSSE) on adrenaline-induced dyslipidemia and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in rats. Intraperitoneal injection of adrenaline for two weeks induced dyslipidemia whereas injection of adrenaline for four weeks induced both dyslipidemia and LVH significantly, compared with normal rats. Injection of NSSE with different doses (0.5, 1 and 1.5 mg/kg body weight, BW) on adrenaline-induced dyslipidemic rats (AIDRs) for two weeks significantly reduced TC, TG and LDL-C and increased HDL-C compared with AIDRs and the most effective dose was 1.5 mg/kg BW. Treatment with NSSE (1.5 mg/kg BW) on AIDRs for eight weeks, significant anti-dyslipidemic effect was observed. Moreover, NSSE significantly increased free radical scavenging activity and attenuated the LVH and cardiomyocyte size compared with AIDRs. The results suggested that the anti-dyslipidemic, antioxidative and inhibitory effects of NSSE on LVH were closely resembled to that of atorvastatin, a most effective lipid lowering agent. Therefore, NSSE might be used as a therapeutic alternative or as a combination with drug in the treatment of dyslipidemia and LVH.Keywords: Adrenaline; Dyslipidemia; LVH; NSSE; Atorvastatin.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i2.12203 J. Sci. Res. 5 (2), 325-334 (2013).
Development and Validation of a RP-HPLC Method for the Quantification of Omeprazole in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Authors: Kayesh R. , Sultan M. Z. , Rahman A. , Uddin M. G. , Aktar F. , Rashid M. A. 
Published: May 2013

A rapid and highly sensitive reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for quantitative estimation of omeprazole in pharmaceutical preparations. The method has been validated according to FDA and USP guidelines with respect to accuracy, precision, specificity and linearity. The method was developed by using a gradient condition of mobile phase comprising 90% aqueous acetonitrile to 100% acetonitrile for 10 minutes at a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min over C-18 (ODS, 250 x 4.6 mm) column at ambient temperature. More than 97% recovery demonstrated the accuracy of the protocol. Intra-day and inter-day precision studies of the new method were less than the maximum allowable limit (RSD% £ 2.0 according to FDA). The method showed linear response with correlation coefficient (r2) value of 0.998. Therefore, it was found to be accurate, reproducible, sensitive and less time consuming and can be successfully applied for the assay of omeprazole formulations.Keywords: HPLC; Method development; Gradient condition; Validation; Omeprazole.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i2.12779 J. Sci. Res. 5 (2), 335-342 (2013)
<i>In Vitro</i> Antioxidant and Thrombolytic Activities of <i>Bridelia</i> Species Growing in Bangladesh
Authors: Anjum A. , Sikder M. A. , Haque M. R. , Hasan C. M. , Rashid M. A. 
Published: May 2013

The organic soluble extractives of three Bridelia species, B. verrucosa, B. stipularis and B. tomentosa growing in Bangladesh were subjected to screening for free radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content. All of the methanol extracts of the these plants and their kupchan fractions showed moderate to strong free radical scavenging activity, the total antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content, of which the methanol extract of the leaf of B. verrucosa revealed highest activity having IC50 value of 6.35 ?g/ml. All the extractives of three plants were also studied for their thrombolytic potential. Among the three plants the carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction and methanol extract of leaf and aqueous soluble fraction of bark of B. tomentosa, methanol extract of bark of B. stipularis and carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction of leaf of B. verrucosa exhibited highest thrombolytic activity with clot lysis value of 41.46%, 34.85%, 37.04%, 36.45% and 33.72%, respectively. Standard streptokinase was used as positive control which exhibited 61.50% lysis of clot while the negative control water revealed 2.56% lysis of clot.Keywords: Antioxidant; Free radical scavenging; Total antioxidant capacity; Phenolic content; Thrombolytic activity; Bridelia.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i2.13568 J. Sci. Res. 5 (2), 343-351 (2013)
Associations between Neighborhood Amenity Density and Health Indicators among Rural and Urban Youth
Authors: Pitts Stephanie B. Jilcott , Carr Lucas J. , Brinkley Jason , Byrd James Langford , Crawford Thomas , Moore Justin B. 
Published: May 2013

Purpose. To examine associations between the built/social environment (neighborhood amenity density, crime) and health indicators (body mass index [BMI] percentile, cardiovascular fitness, and time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) among rural and urban youth. Design. Cross-sectional. Setting. Eastern North Carolina. Subjects. Youth (n = 296) were recruited from three middle schools. Measures. Neighborhood density was estimated using Walk Score. Crime was assessed using Regional Analysis and Information Sharing online. BMI percentiles were calculated from measured height and weight. Cardiovascular fitness was estimated using heart rate measured at the conclusion of a 3-minute step test. Time spent in MVPA was measured objectively via accelerometer. Analysis. Bivariate and multivariate statistics were used to examine associations between Walk Score, crime, BMI percentile, cardiovascular fitness (as measured via heart rate), and MVPA. Results. Walk Score was positively correlated with crime. There were positive, statistically significant associations between Walk Score and (1) BMI percentile (p = .0223) and (2) heart rate (p = .0044), and (3) inverse associations between Walk Score and MVPA (p = .0042), indicating that high neighborhood density was associated with greater BMI percentiles, lower fitness, and less MVPA among urban youth. Conclusion. These counterintuitive findings may be due to the negative effect of crime on health indicators, which may outweigh potential positive health impacts of high neighborhood amenity density.
Making Your Mobile Device an Art Expert: Using QR Codes to Tell the Story Behind artiFACTS in Your Library
Authors: Howard Jessica L. , Sautter Carolyn 
Published: May 2013

Have you ever wondered about the stories behind the public art in your library? Every object had the potential to tell a story—the paintings, the sculpture, the furniture, and the building itself. At Musselman Library, Gettysburg College we use QR codes as the technical means to satisfy the natural curiosity of our patrons. Historical information already available in our Special Collections and College Archives was repurposed for the mobile-friendly environment. The artiFACTS project proved to be simple, scalable, and a great opportunity for collaboration. We discuss how we implemented artiFACTS, including creating QR codes, marketing to campus constituencies and visitors, gathering feedback from students and faculty members, and evaluating the project’s success.
Traits and Training: Attributes and Skills of Pennsylvania Academic Library Managers
Authors: Hall Russell A. 
Published: May 2013

What makes a good library manager? Is a good library manager born or bred? To find out, Pennsylvania academic library managers were surveyed to determine their education and training backgrounds. The survey also illuminates the skills and personal traits these managers find most important in managing an academic library. Interpersonal skills and integrity were found to be the most important traits for an academic library manager to possess. Human resources and personnel issues were found to be the most difficult issues faced by academic library managers. In addition to presenting a snapshot of what today’s academic library leadership qualifications look like, the study will also provide future managers with an idea of what sort of training they should be seeking.
Cutaneous horns: clues to invasive squamous cell carcinoma being present in the horn base
Authors: Pyne John , Sapkota Devendra , Wong Jian Cheng 
Published: May 2013

Background: Cutaneous horns usually develop on a keratinocytic base with the histopathology on a spectrum ranging from benign keratosis through to invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Some features of horns are easily identified using dermatoscopy.
Objective: To investigate if specific clinical or dermatoscopy features of horns correlate with the histopathology in the base of the horn.
Methods: Consecutive horn cases (n=163) were assessed prospectively in vivo for horn height, terrace morphology and base erythema using a Heine Delta 20 dermatoscope. Cases with potentially confounding influences were excluded. A history of horn pain or pain on palpation was also recorded.
Results: Benign keratosis (n = 49), actinic keratosis (n = 21), SCC in situ (n = 37) and invasive SCC (n = 56) were recorded. An invasive SCC presenting as a horn as most likely to have a height less than the base diameter, 66% (37/56). Compared to the other study entities, invasive SCC tends to have less terrace morphology (P<0.05), a higher incidence of base erythema (P<0.05) and more pain (P<0.01).
Limitations: Data categories did not include anatomic site or horn growth rates. Excision selection bias favored the incidence of invasive SCC.
Conclusions: Horns presenting on an invasive SCC base are more likely to have a height less than the diameter of the base, not to have terrace morphology, to have an erythematous base and to be painful.
The Influence of Expertise on Maritime Driving Behaviour
Authors: Godwin Hayward J. , Hyde Stuart , Taunton Dominic , Calver James , Blake James I. R. , Liversedge Simon P. 
Published: May 2013

SummaryWe compared expert and novice behaviour in a group of participants as they engaged in a simulated maritime driving task. We varied the difficulty of the driving task by controllling the severity of the sea state in which they were driving their craft. Increases in sea severity increased the size of the upcoming waves while also increasing the length of the waves. Expert participants drove their craft at a higher speed than novices and decreased their fixation durations as wave severity increased. Furthermore, the expert participants increased the horizontal spread of their fixation positions as wave severity increased to a greater degree than novices. Conversely, novice participants showed evidence of a greater vertical spread of fixations than experts. By connecting our findings with previous research investigating eye movement behaviour and road driving, we suggest that novice or inexperienced drivers show inflexibility in adaptation to changing driving conditions. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Efficient C‐3 Functionalization of Indoles with Benzylic and Allylic Alcohols under Co‐Catalyst, Acid, Base, Additive and External Ligand‐Free Conditions
Authors: Das Debjit , Roy Sujit 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe bis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) chloride complex, PdCl2(MeCN)2, efficiently catalyzes the regioselective alkylation of indoles with various benzylic and allylic alcohols under moisture and air insensitive conditions. Notably the reaction does not require any other co‐catalyst, acid, base, additive, or external ligand.
Phosphorus‐Carbon Bond Formation: Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of H‐Phosphinates and Other P(O)H‐Containing Compounds
Authors: Berger Olivier , Petit Christelle , Deal Eric L. , Montchamp Jean‐Luc 
Published: May 2013

AbstractTwo generally applicable systems have been developed for the cross‐coupling of P(O)H compounds with Csp2X and related partners. Palladium catalysis using a ligand/additive combination, typically either xantphos/ethylene glycol or 1,1′‐bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene/1,2‐dimethoxyethane, with diisopropylethylamine as the base, proved to be generally useful for the synthesis of numerous PC containing compounds. Routinely, 2 mol% of catalyst are employed (less than half the amount typically employed in most other literature reports). In most cases, excellent results are obtained with a variety of electrophiles (RX, where R=alkenyl, allyl, alkynyl, etc.). The full account of our studies is disclosed, including tandem hydrophosphinylation/coupling and coupling/coupling for doubly catalytic phosphorus‐carbon bond formation. The methodology compares favorably with any existing literature report. The use of an additive appears to be a generally useful strategy to control the reactivity of phosphinylidene compounds.
Cinchona Alkaloid‐Derived Thiourea‐Catalyzed Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective [3+2] Cycloaddition Reaction of Isocyanoacetates to Isatins: A Facile Access to Optically Active Spirooxindole Oxazolines
Authors: Zhao Mei‐Xin , Zhou Hao , Tang Wen‐Hao , Qu Wei‐Song , Shi Min 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAn efficient diastereo‐ and enantioselective [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of α‐aryl isocyanoacetates to isatins catalyzed by a quinine‐derived bifunctional amine‐thiourea‐bearing sulfonamide as multiple hydrogen‐bonding donor catalyst has been investigated. The corresponding adducts, which bear a spirocyclic quaternary stereocenter at the C‐3 position of the oxindole, were obtained in good yields (51–95%), high diastereoselectivities (up to >20:1 dr) and good to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee).
Palladium‐Catalysed Regioselective Sequential C‐5 and C‐2 Direct Arylations of 3‐Acetylpyrroles with Aryl Bromides
Authors: Xu Yijing , Zhao Liqin , Li Yiqun , Doucet Henri 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe PdCl(C3H5)(dppb)/KOAc system was found to be effective for the direct regioselective C‐5 arylation of 3‐acetylpyrroles with ortho‐substituted aryl bromides. This procedure has been found to be tolerant to a variety of functional groups at C‐2 of the aryl bromide such as methyl, formyl, nitrile, nitro, hydroxymethyl, chloro, fluoro or trifluoromethyl. The sequential direct C‐5 arylation followed by C‐2 arylation of such 3‐substituted pyrroles allows the synthesis of 2,5‐diaryl‐3‐acetylpyrroles in high yields.
Synthesis of Functionalized trans‐A2B2‐Porphyrins Using Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropane‐Derived Dipyrromethanes
Authors: Beyzavi M. Hassan , Nietzold Carolin , Reissig Hans‐Ulrich , Wiehe Arno 
Published: May 2013

Abstractmeso‐Substituted trans‐A2B2‐porphyrins bearing specific patterns of substituents are crucial building blocks in porphyrin‐based biomimetic systems and molecular materials and can be used for the construction of well‐defined porphyrin‐based architectures. A new stepwise and rational synthesis of functionalized trans‐A2B2‐porphyrins is reported in which for the first time donor–acceptor‐substituted cyclopropane precursors (d–a cyclopropanes) are exploited. The three presented d–a cyclopropanes are readily accessible in a multi‐gram scale and serve as aldehyde equivalents in the reaction with an excess of pyrrole to afford the corresponding dipyrromethanes (DPMs). The three DPMs were synthesized in yields of 60–74%. They are stable in purified form in the absence of light and air and were subsequently condensed with a wide range of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes bearing electron‐donating or electron‐withdrawing substituents followed by oxidation to form the corresponding trans‐A2B2‐porphyrins. Fourteen functionalized porphyrins were synthesized in yields of 14–31%, indicating the broad scope of the synthetic procedure. The possibility to introduce key functional groups is emphasized, which enables subsequent modification of these porphyrins with moieties inducing biological activity. Modification of the tetrapyrroles may occur by addition to one of the porphyrin peripheral double bonds, the use of substituents of the aryl groups or via the methoxycarbonyl group at two of the meso‐substituents. Three examples of porphyrins were converted into the corresponding 7,8‐dihydroxychlorins by osmium‐mediated dihydroxylation and one of the resulting chlorins was subjected to saponification to give a highly polar chlorin dicarboxylic acid. A 4‐bromophenyl‐substituted d–a cyclopropane was prepared by rhodium‐catalyzed cyclopropanation and then transformed into a DPM which was subsequently condensed to a porphyrin. Its Zn complex allowed a Heck reaction to afford the functionalized bis(alkenyl)‐substituted trans‐A2B2‐Zn‐porphyrin.
Zheda‐Phos for General α‐Monoarylation of Acetone with Aryl Chlorides
Authors: Li Pengbin , Lü Bo , Fu Chunling , Ma Shengming 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA new, readily available, and air‐stable monophosphine ligand, i.e., Zheda‐Phos, has been developed for the general and highly effective palladium‐catalyzed monoarylation of acetone with aryl chlorides. The reaction rate is of first‐order dependence with the aryl chloride.
Vegetable oil based fatty amide as hydrophobes in associative thickener
Authors: Pramanik Monoj , Mendon Sharathkumar K. , Rawlins James W. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTA vegetable oil based high performance associative thickener has been designed and synthesized from a hydroxyl functional soybean oil derivative (hydroxyl value 159 mg KOH/g). An isocyanate‐terminated prepolymer was synthesized from polyethylene glycol (PEG) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), and end‐capped with the hydroxyl functional soybean oil derivative to prepare a hydrophobically modified ethoxylated polyurethane (HEUR) thickener. The synthesis was monitored by infrared spectroscopy via the isocyanate peak at 2258–2270 cm−1. Thickener efficiency was tested with a commercial styrene–acrylic latex UCAR™ 443, an acrylic latex Acronal® Optive 130 and an alkyd emulsion WorléeSol® E 150W. High thickening efficiency was noted in the low shear region, e.g., 0.5 wt % HEUR loading with UCAR 443 increased viscosity from 0.66 P to 3.06 P at a shear rate of 1333 s−1. The effect of soybean oil fatty amide based rheology modifier as additive in coating was evaluated in terms of gloss, viscosity, sag resistance, and flow and leveling properties. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 1530–1538, 2013
A New Set of Moral Dilemmas: Norms for Moral Acceptability, Decision Times, and Emotional Salience
Authors: Lotto Lorella , Manfrinati Andrea , Sarlo Michela 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTAt the present time, the growing interest in the topic of moral judgment highlights the widespread need for a standardized set of experimental stimuli. We provide normative data for a sample of 120 undergraduate students using a new set of 60 moral dilemmas that might be employed in future studies according to specific research needs. Thirty dilemmas were structured to be similar to the Footbridge dilemma (“instrumental” dilemmas, in which the death of one person is a means to save more people), and thirty dilemmas were designed to be similar to the Trolley dilemma (“incidental” dilemmas, in which the death of one person is a foreseen but unintended consequence of the action aimed at saving more people). Besides type of dilemma, risk‐involvement was also manipulated: the main character's life was at risk in half of the instrumental dilemmas and in half of the incidental dilemmas. We provide normative values for the following variables: (i) rates of participants' responses (yes/no) to the proposed resolution; (ii) decision times; (iii) ratings of moral acceptability; and (iv) ratings of emotional valence (pleasantness/unpleasantness) and arousal (activation/calm) experienced during decision making. For most of the dependent variables investigated, we observed significant main effects of type of dilemma and risk‐involvement in both subject and item analyses. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Isolation of fully synthetic promoters for high‐level gene expression in Corynebacterium glutamicum
Authors: Yim Sung Sun , An Seul Ji , Kang Misuk , Lee Jinho , Jeong Ki Jun 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTCorynebacterium glutamicum is an important industrial organism that is widely used in the production of amino acids, nucleotides and vitamins. To extend its product spectrum and improve productivity, C. glutamicum needs to undergo further engineering, including the development of applicable promoter system. Here, we isolated new promoters from the fully synthetic promoter library consisting of 70‐bp random sequences in C. glutamicum. Using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a reporter, highly fluorescent cells were screened from the library by fluorescent activated cell sorting (FACS). Twenty potential promoters of various strengths were isolated and characterized through extensive analysis of DNA sequences and mRNA transcripts. Among 20 promoters, 6 promoters which have different strengths were selected and their activities were successfully demonstrated using two model proteins (antibody fragment and endoxylanase). Finally, the strongest promoter (PH36) was employed for the secretory production of endoxylanase in fed‐batch cultivation, achieving production levels of 746 mg/L in culture supernatant. This is the first report of synthetic promoters constructed in C. glutamicum, and our screening strategy together with the use of synthetic promoters of various strengths will contribute to the future engineering of C. glutamicum. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013;110: 2959–2969. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MHD flow of blood through a dually stenosed artery: Effects of viscosity variation, variable hematocrit and velocity‐slip
Authors: Sinha A. , Misra J.C. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractOf concern in the paper is a study on blood flow through a porous segment of an artery subject to the action of an external magnetic field. Effects of viscosity variation and variable hematocrit as well as velocity‐slip at the arterial wall have been duly taken care of in the study. A model has been developed to perform the study by using the principles of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). The model has been analysed theoretically by employing suitable mathematical methods. Analytical expressions have been derived for the velocity, minute expenditure of blood (volumetric flow rate), wall shear stress and pressure gradient. The said physical variables are computed by using a specific set of values of the various parameters involved in the analysis. This serves as an illustration of the validity of the mathematical model developed in the paper. The computational results are presented graphically. The study also provides important insight into the effects of slip velocity on blood velocity, wall shear stress and pressure gradient. The study further shows that the flow of blood in a porous artery is significantly influenced by the action of an external magnetic field.