bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
QbD green analytical procedure for the quantification of tolvaptan by utilizing stability indicating UHPLC method
Authors: Hashmi Shadab Anwar , Alegete Pallavi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFor the first time a new QbD-assisted green stability indicating ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) method was developed and validated for quantifying Tolvaptan. The method is simple, quick, cost-effective, and stable, and it was used to formulate a quality target product profile (QTPP) with strategically defined critical analytical attributes (CAAs) to meet specific criteria. Chromatographic separation was undertaken using a 10 cm long column of ACE excel super C18 with an interior diameter of 2.1 mm and particle size of 1.7 µm. The analysis was performed under controlled conditions at 25 ℃ with the mobile phase flowing at a rate of 0.2 mL/min and detection occurring at 220 nm. Injected 3 µL of standard by using an isocratic mobile phase system consisting of acetonitrile and water in a 95:5 v/v ratio. The diluents, prepared by mixing acetonitrile with water at a 90:10 volumetric ratio, were utilized. The analyte’s retention time was determined to be 1.63 min. The developed method provided reliable results with accuracy exceeding 99% and a correlation coefficient exceeding 0.999 ranged between 10 and 150 µg/mL across the range for LOQ—150% levels. Notably, during forced degradation testing, Tolvaptan exhibited susceptibility to acidic hydrolysis. The method effectively separated degradation products during stress testing, demonstrating its stability-indicating status. Environmental sustainability assessment of the developed method was conducted through the investigation of various indicators of Complex GAPI, Analytical Eco scale and Analytical GREEness and it was concluded the optimized method aligns with environmentally friendly practices.
Comparison of resistance training vs static stretching on flexibility and maximal strength in healthy physically active adults, a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rosenfeldt Morten , Stien Nicolay , Behm David G. , Saeterbakken Atle Hole , Andersen Vidar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present study was to compare the effects of resistance training through full range of motion and static stretching (SS) of the hip and lower back extensors on flexibility and strength in healthy, physically active, adults.MethodsEighteen participants (age: 24.2 ± 3.0 years, body mass: 71.3 ± 8.9 kg, height: 172.8 ± 7.5 cm) were randomly assigned to either a Resistance Training (RT) (n = 6), SS (n = 6), or control (CON) group (n = 6). The sit & reach (S&R) flexibility test and maximum isometric straight legged deadlift (ISLDL) at 95% and 50% range of motion (ROM) were tested pre- and post-intervention with significance set atp < 0.05. Both groups conducted four to eight sets per session. Within each set, the RT group performed eight repetitions each lasting four seconds, while the SS group stretched continuously for 32 s. The rest periods between each set were 60–90 s. Consequently training volume and rest times were matched between the groups.ResultsThe RT and SS groups achieved significant, large magnitude improvements in the S&R test compared to the CON group (p < 0.01 g = 2.53 andp = 0.01, g = 2.44), but no differences were observed between the RT and SS groups (p = 1.00). Furthermore, the RT group demonstrated a larger improvement in 50% and 95% ROM ISLDL compared to SS (p < 0.01, g = 2.69–3.36) and CON (p < 0.01, g = 2.44–2.57).ConclusionResistance training through a full ROM was equally effective as SS for improving S&R flexibility, but improved hip- and lower back extensor strength more than SS and the CON. The authors recommend using large ROM resistance training to improve hip and lower back extensor flexibility and muscle strength.Trial registrationISRCTN88839251, registered 24. April 2024, Retrospectively registered.
Comparison of plasma soluble and extracellular vesicles-associated biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease patients and cognitively normal individuals
Authors: Boyer Emilien , Deltenre Louise , Dourte Marion , Colmant Lise , Paître Esther , Sleegers Kristel , Suelves Nuria , Hanseeuw Bernard , Kienlen-Campard Pascal 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau are brain hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), also present in blood as soluble biomarkers or encapsulated in extracellular vesicles (EVs). Our goal was to assess how soluble plasma biomarkers of AD pathology correlate with the number and content of EVs.

Methods
Single-molecule enzyme-linked assays were used to quantify Aβ42/40 and tau in plasma samples and neurally-derived EVs (NDEVs) from a cohort of APOE ε4– (n = 168) and APOE ε4+ (n = 68) cognitively normal individuals and AD patients (n = 55). The ratio of CD56 (Neuronal cell-adhesion molecule) to CD81 signal measured by ELISA-DELFIA was used for the relative quantification of NDEVs in plasma samples.

Results
The soluble plasma Aβ42/40 ratio is decreased in AD patients compared to cognitively normal individuals. The amount and content (Aβ40, Aβ42, tau) of plasma NDEVs were similar between groups. Plasma NDEVs quantity remain consistent with aging and between AD and CN individuals. However, the quantity of soluble biomarkers was negatively correlated to NDEVs number in cognitively normal individuals, while in AD patients, this correlation is lost, suggesting a shift in the mechanism underpinning the production and the release of these biomarkers in pathological conditions.

Conclusion
Soluble plasma Aβ42/40 ratio is the most robust biomarker to discriminate between AD patients and CN individuals, as it normalizes for the number of NDEVs. Analysis of NDEVs and their content pointed toward peculiar mechanisms of Aβ release in AD. Further research on independent cohorts can confirm our findings and assess whether plasma Aβ and tau need correction by NDEVs for better AD risk identification in CN populations.
Generation and transcriptomic characterization of MIR137 knockout miniature pig model for neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Xu Shengyun , Wang Jiaoxiang , Mao Kexin , Jiao Deling , Li Zhu , Zhao Heng , Sun Yifei , Feng Jin , Lai Yuanhao , Peng Ruiqi , Fu Yu , Gan Ruoyi , Chen Shuhan , Zhao Hong-Ye , Wei Hong-Jiang , Cheng Ying 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and intellectual disorders (ID), are highly debilitating childhood psychiatric conditions. Genetic factors are recognized as playing a major role in NDD, with a multitude of genes and genomic regions implicated. While the functional validation of NDD-associated genes has predominantly been carried out using mouse models, the significant differences in brain structure and gene function between mice and humans have limited the effectiveness of mouse models in exploring the underlying mechanisms of NDD. Therefore, it is important to establish alternative animal models that are more evolutionarily aligned with humans.

Results
In this study, we employed CRISPR/Cas9 and somatic cell nuclear transplantation technologies to successfully generate a knockout miniature pig model of the MIR137 gene, which encodes the neuropsychiatric disorder-associated microRNA miR-137. The homozygous knockout of MIR137 (MIR137–/–) effectively suppressed the expression of mature miR-137 and led to the birth of stillborn or short-lived piglets. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant changes in genes associated with neurodevelopment and synaptic signaling in the brains of MIR137–/– miniature pig, mirroring findings from human ASD transcriptomic data. In comparison to miR-137-deficient mouse and human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neuron models, the miniature pig model exhibited more consistent changes in critical neuronal genes relevant to humans following the loss of miR-137. Furthermore, a comparative analysis identified differentially expressed genes associated with ASD and ID risk genes in both miniature pig and hiPSC-derived neurons. Notably, human-specific miR-137 targets, such as CAMK2A, known to be linked to cognitive impairments and NDD, exhibited dysregulation in MIR137–/– miniature pigs. These findings suggest that the loss of miR-137 in miniature pigs affects genes crucial for neurodevelopment, potentially contributing to the development of NDD.

Conclusions
Our study highlights the impact of miR-137 loss on critical genes involved in neurodevelopment and related disorders in MIR137–/– miniature pigs. It establishes the miniature pig model as a valuable tool for investigating neurodevelopmental disorders, providing valuable insights for potential applications in human research.
A RSBU-LSTM network for radio frequency fingerprint identification relying on multiple features
Authors: Ling Haoran , Zhu Fengchao , Yao Minli 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRadio frequency fingerprint identification (RFFI) can distinguish highly similar wireless communication devices to protect physical layer security and improve the security of wireless networks effectively, which has been widely used for spectrum management and physical layer secure communication. However, most RFFI methods show a degradation of performance under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environments. In this paper, we propose a RSBU-LSTM network relying on multiple features to improve the identification accuracy with low SNR. Firstly, we use multiple features of in-phase (I), quadrature (Q), and phase as inputs. Then, we use multiple Residual Shrinkage Building Units (RSBUs) to extract the correlation features within the cycle of signals and preserve as many features as possible in low SNR environments. Finally, we use the long short-term memory (LSTM) to extract the relevant features of the signals of non-adjacent cycles. The experimental results show that the proposed network can effectively complete RFFI in low SNR environments and show better performance than other models used for comparison.
Therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles from diverse sources in cancer treatment
Authors: Lin Haihong , Zhou Jun , Ding Tao , Zhu Yifan , Wang Lijuan , Zhong Tianyu , Wang Xiaoling 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCancer, a prevalent and complex disease, presents a significant challenge to the medical community. It is characterized by irregular cell differentiation, excessive proliferation, uncontrolled growth, invasion of nearby tissues, and spread to distant organs. Its progression involves a complex interplay of several elements and processes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as critical intermediaries in intercellular communication, transporting critical molecules such as lipids, RNA, membrane, and cytoplasmic proteins between cells. They significantly contribute to the progression, development, and dissemination of primary tumors by facilitating the exchange of information and transmitting signals that regulate tumor growth and metastasis. However, EVs do not have a singular impact on cancer; instead, they play a multifaceted dual role. Under specific circumstances, they can impede tumor growth and influence cancer by delivering oncogenic factors or triggering an immune response. Furthermore, EVs from different sources demonstrate distinct advantages in inhibiting cancer. This research examines the biological characteristics of EVs and their involvement in cancer development to establish a theoretical foundation for better understanding the connection between EVs and cancer. Here, we discuss the potential of EVs from various sources in cancer therapy, as well as the current status and future prospects of engineered EVs in developing more effective cancer treatments.
Retinal peri-arteriolar versus peri-venular amyloidosis, hippocampal atrophy, and cognitive impairment: exploratory trial
Authors: Dumitrascu Oana M. , Doustar Jonah , Fuchs Dieu-Trang , Koronyo Yosef , Sherman Dale S. , Miller Michelle Shizu , Johnson Kenneth O. , Carare Roxana O. , Verdooner Steven R. , Lyden Patrick D. , Schneider Julie A. , Black Keith L. , Koronyo-Hamaoui Maya 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe relationship between amyloidosis and vasculature in cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis is increasingly acknowledged. We conducted a quantitative and topographic assessment of retinal perivascular amyloid plaque (AP) distribution in individuals with both normal and impaired cognition. Using a retrospective dataset of scanning laser ophthalmoscopy fluorescence images from twenty-eight subjects with varying cognitive states, we developed a novel image processing method to examine retinal peri-arteriolar and peri-venular curcumin-positive AP burden. We further correlated retinal perivascular amyloidosis with neuroimaging measures and neurocognitive scores. Our study unveiled that peri-arteriolar AP counts surpassed peri-venular counts throughout the entire cohort (P < 0.0001), irrespective of the primary, secondary, or tertiary vascular branch location, with a notable increase among cognitively impaired individuals. Moreover, secondary branch peri-venular AP count was elevated in the cognitively impaired (P < 0.01). Significantly, peri-venular AP count, particularly in secondary and tertiary venules, exhibited a strong correlation with clinical dementia rating, Montreal cognitive assessment score, hippocampal volume, and white matter hyperintensity count. In conclusion, our exploratory analysis detected greater peri-arteriolar versus peri-venular amyloidosis and a marked elevation of amyloid deposition in secondary branch peri-venular regions among cognitively impaired subjects. These findings underscore the potential feasibility of retinal perivascular amyloid imaging in predicting cognitive decline and AD progression. Larger longitudinal studies encompassing diverse populations and AD-biomarker confirmation are warranted to delineate the temporal-spatial dynamics of retinal perivascular amyloid deposition in cognitive impairment and the AD continuum.
Functional performance of a novel compression top for female throwing athletes
Authors: Michaelson Dawn , Gascon Sarah , Teel Karla P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study forged an interdisciplinary design partnership between an apparel designer, biomechanical kinesiologist, and a professional female athlete to design and test a novel new upper body performance garment for improved fit, mobility, comfort, donning/doffing and throwing performance in female professional athletes. Researchers collaborated to address garment functionality and performance during the multi-phase prototyping design process. The final designed performance top was tested against a control for satisfaction differences with fit, mobility, comfort, donning, and doffing, along with throwing performance utilizing a mixed methods questionnaire and motion capture equipment. Open-ended questions were analyzed with content analysis, while quantitative measures utilized ANOVA and independent t-tests. Results indicated the designed performance top had higher fit satisfaction and more optimal positioning during the overhead throw when compared to the control garment, with no difference in comfort or mobility, and the designed top had lower donning and doffing satisfaction. The designed performance top illustrates the need for further research in increasing satisfaction in donning and doffing with bust/bra satisfaction in performance garments and future research to better understand the psychological sensory cues in posture cueing garments.
Contrast enhanced digital mammography as a predictor of breast cancer in patient with pathological nipple discharge
Authors: Khalaf Lamiaa M. R. , El-Sharkawy Mostafa A. M. , Zedan Mohamed , Rezk Khaled , Mosaed Marwa , Kamel Hosam M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Pathological nipple discharge (PND) commonly caused by benign diseases, but occasionally it signifies a major medical concern. Ultrasonography, in addition to mammography, is regarded as the standard imaging modality in the diagnosis of PND but their sensitivity in some cases are low, subsequently we used a contrast enhanced mammography (CEDM) as supplementary diagnostic modality in patients with PND. The purpose of our study was to investigate the diagnostic efficacy of CEDM in evaluating PND patients, added values of incorporating the CEDM in the diagnostic workup of patients with PND and to demonstrate its diagnostic significance as a predictor of malignancy in these patients as there have been few studies that have addressed the role of CEDM in the evaluation of PND.

Results
Forty seven patients with PND were enrolled in this prospective study and underwent CEDM. The CEDM had high specificity (83.2%) compared to the combined sonomammography (SM) (59.3%), as there was a decrease in the number of false positive cases detected by the CEDM (6 cases) compared to the combined SM (11 cases). Combined (SM) had a moderate degree of agreement (55%, P = 0.01) with the final diagnosis, whereas CEDM had a strong degree of agreement (75%, P < 0.001). Additionally, the combined SM reported 76.6% accuracy with an area under the curve of 0.8, whereas the CEDM had 87.2% accuracy with an area under the curve of 0.89.

Conclusions
CEDM had higher specificity, positive predictive value, and accuracy than SM in PND patients, along with its stronger agreement with the final pathology results, subsequently reduce the rate of false positive cases and the rate of recall back, making it a highly accurate malignancy predictor in those patients and can be an invaluable diagnostic imaging tool for identifying associated malignancies.
Tubercular abdominal cocoon: a rare cause of subacute small bowel obstruction
Authors: Girdhar Sachin , Naik Alisha , Uniyal Maneesh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) or abdominal cocoon is a very rare cause of subacute intestinal obstruction. We hereby report an elderly male presenting with recent-onset subacute intestinal obstruction with characteristic imaging findings of this entity in a background of abdominal tuberculosis on computed tomography (CT) scan that enabled timely diagnosis and appropriate clinical management. The report aims to highlight the typical radiological findings of this rare entity that may otherwise go undetected on imaging investigations, thereby causing a delay in diagnosis with adverse clinical outcomes.

Case presentation
A 57-year-old male patient presented to the hospital with complaints of diffuse abdominal pain with obstipation and recurrent episodes of vomiting since last three days. Clinical evaluation also revealed an ill-defined lump in right lower abdomen. An urgent contrast-enhanced CT scan after oral contrast administration was performed that revealed dilated, clumped up small bowel loops in a ‘whorl-like’ pattern in right iliac fossa region. These obstructed loops were encased by a thick peritoneal membrane giving a ‘cocoon-like’ appearance. Also appreciated were scattered punctate calcific foci in jejunal walls and adjacent peritoneum along with mild ascites. On the basis of typical imaging findings, provisional diagnosis of tubercular cocoon abdomen was given that was later confirmed by laboratory investigations and diagnostic laparoscopy.

Conclusion
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis or cocoon abdomen is an extremely rare cause of subacute intestinal obstruction. Further, cocoon abdomen in a background of abdominal tuberculosis is even rarer. However, this case report highlights the characteristic imaging findings for broader audience that enabled prompt diagnosis and appropriate clinical management in this case, achieving optimal clinical outcome.
Awareness of radiation hazards and knowledge of radioprotective measures among radiologists and non-radiology staff: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Fataftah Jehad , Tayyem Raed , Al-Dwairy Salem , Al Manasra Abdel Rahman , Ibrahim Aqleh , Al Ryalat Randa , Alwreikat Mallak , Al-Shraah Hebatuallah , Alharbi Razan , Alharbi Banan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Ionizing radiation has become increasingly utilized in medical practice. Consequently, healthcare workers must be aware of radiation hazards and apply the necessary countermeasures to reduce occupational exposure. This study assessed the awareness of radiation hazards and knowledge of radiation protection measures among radiologists and non-radiologists. These findings may improve the application of various safety measures during medical interventions involving radiation.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study among 200 medical personnel, including consultant surgeons, physicians, radiologists, nurses, and radiographers, across five hospitals in Jordan between November 2022 and February 2023. The questionnaire collected data on demographic characteristics, awareness of radiation hazards, and knowledge of radioprotective techniques.

Results
Overall, the knowledge of radiation protection and awareness of radiation hazards among the participants were poor (51.55% and 37.17%, respectively). No significant difference was detected between the medical disciplines in terms of the level of knowledge of radiation protection; however, radiographers were significantly more aware of radiation hazards.

Conclusions
According to our findings, medical personnel generally have poor awareness of radiation hazards and radiation protection protocols. However, this understanding can be enhanced through periodic in-service training and regular monitoring of occupational radiation exposure by health professionals.
Multi-omics analyses and molecular subtypes to provide potential therapeutic implications in fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma.
Authors: Zhang Xingming , Zhao Junjie , Yin Xiaoxue , Liang Jiayu , Wang Yongquan , Zheng Linmao , Tan Ping , Zhu Sha , Chen Junru , Zhao Jinge , Rupp Niels J , Sheng Xinan , Wei Qiang , Li Xiang , Yao Jin , Liu Zhenhua , Shen Pengfei , Chen Ni , Zeng Hao , Sun Guangxi 
Published: June 2024

4522 Background: Fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma (FH-deficient RCC) is a rare yet highly lethal kidney cancer. To deepen our understanding of FH-deficient RCC, we conducted a comprehensive integrated genomic study. Methods: A total of 126 treatment naïve FH-deficient RCC tissue samples were extracted from our multi-center database. Whole-exome, RNA-seq, and DNA-methylation sequencing were performed. All cases were confirmed with both FH/2SC immunohistochemical staining and FH alterations analysis. Results: Through whole-exome sequencing, we found FH alteration patterns were associated with both tumor behavior and patient survival outcomes. Tumors harboring FH truncating alteration (including nonsense, frameshift and splice site mutations) and mutations near hinge regions (such as p.S419L), were predominantly associated with more aggressive tumor behavior and poorer prognosis. We further developed a CpG sites-specific methylation signature for precise identification of FH-deficient RCC. More importantly, transcriptomic analysis unveiled three distinctive molecular subtypes characterized by enrichment of immune/Angiogenic/Stromal (C1), WNT/Notch/MAPK (C2), and proliferation/stemness (C3) pathways, respectively. Tumors in C1 derived the most substantial survival benefit from a combination of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and anti-angiogenic therapy. Tumors in C2 displayed moderate response to this therapeutic approach. In contrast, tumors in C3 exhibited an unfavorable response to anti-angiogenic monotherapy and its combination with ICB. Conclusions: These findings contribute to a profound understanding of the aggressive nature of FH-deficient RCC, offering insights into potential precision medicine approaches for disease management.