bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adverse events rates and risk factors in adults undergoing cardiac catheterization at pediatric hospitals—results from the C3PO
Authors: Learn Christopher P. , Holzer Ralf J. , Daniels Curt J. , Torres Alejandro J. , Vincent Julie A. , Moore John W. , Armsby Laurie B. , Landzberg Michael J. , Bergersen Lisa 
Published: January 2013

ObjectiveDetermine the frequency and risk factors for adverse events (AE) for adults undergoing cardiac catheterization at pediatric hospitals.BackgroundAdult catheterization AE rates at pediatric hospitals are not well understood. The Congenital Cardiac Catheterization Project on Outcomes (C3PO) collects data on all catheterizations at eight pediatric institutions.MethodsAdult (≥18 years) case characteristics and AE were reviewed and compared with those of pediatric (<18 years) cases. Cases were classified into procedure risk categories from 1 to 4 based on highest risk procedure/intervention performed. AE were categorized by level of severity. Using a multivariate model for high severity AE (HSAE), standardized AE rates (SAER) were calculated by dividing the observed rates of HSAE by the expected rates.Results2,061 cases (15% of total) were performed on adults and 11,422 cases (85%) were performed on children. Adults less frequently underwent high‐risk procedure category cases than children (19% vs. 30%). AE occurred in 10% of adult cases and 13% of pediatric cases (P < 0.001). HSAE occurred in 4% of adult and 5% of pediatric cases (P = 0.006). Procedure‐type risk category (Category 2, 3, 4 OR = 4.8, 6.0, 12.9) and systemic ventricle end diastolic pressure ≥ 18 mm Hg (OR 3.1) were associated with HSAE, c statistic 0.751. There were no statistically significant differences in SAER among institutions.ConclusionsAdults undergoing catheterization at pediatric hospitals encountered AE less frequently than children did. The congenital heart disease adjustment for risk method for adults with congenital heart disease is a new tool for assessing procedural risk in adult patients. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of 2‐Hydroxy‐1,4‐oxazin‐3‐ones through Ring Transformation of 3‐Hydroxy‐4‐(1,2‐dihydroxyethyl)‐β‐lactams and a Study of Their Reactivity
Authors: Mollet Karen , Goossens Hannelore , Piens Nicola , Catak Saron , Waroquier Michel , Törnroos Karl W. , Van Speybroeck Veronique , D'hooghe Matthias , De Kimpe Norbert 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe reactivity of 3‐hydroxy‐4‐(1,2‐dihydroxyethyl)‐β‐lactams with regard to the oxidant sodium periodate was evaluated, unexpectedly resulting in the exclusive formation of new 2‐hydroxy‐1,4‐oxazin‐3‐ones through a C3C4 bond cleavage of the intermediate 4‐formyl‐3‐hydroxy‐β‐lactams followed by a ring expansion. This peculiar transformation stands in sharp contrast with the known NaIO4‐mediated oxidation of 3‐alkoxy‐ and 3‐phenoxy‐4‐(1,2‐dihydroxyethyl)‐β‐lactams, which exclusively leads to the corresponding 4‐formyl‐β‐lactams without a subsequent ring enlargement. In addition, this new class of functionalized oxazin‐3‐ones was further evaluated for its potential use as building blocks in the synthesis of a variety of differently substituted oxazin‐3‐ones, morpholin‐3‐ones and pyrazinones. Furthermore, additional insights into the mechanism and the factors governing this new ring‐expansion reaction were provided by means of density functional theory calculations.
The impacts of standard wall function and drag model on the turbulent modelling of gas–particle flow in a circulating fluidised bed riser
Authors: Liu H. , Biglari M. , Elkamel A. , Lohi A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA transient turbulence model was applied to simulate the gas–particle system in a circulating fluidised bed riser. The k–epsilon turbulent equations coupled with the fluctuating energy equation were used to simulate the gas–particle system in a riser. The simulation results were validated by the experimental data of a CFB system. A grid study was implemented to examine the impact of grid discretisation. A comparison between the conventional drag models and the EMMS model was also conducted. Other factors, like the restitution coefficient particle to particle, was also found to have a significant impact on the turbulence model. © 2013 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
The transverse musculocutaneous gracilis flap for chest wall reconstruction in male patients with Poland's syndrome
Authors: Wechselberger Gottfried , Hladik Michaela , Reichl Heike , Ensat Florian , Edelbauer Monika , Haug Daniel , Schoeller Thomas 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPoland's syndrome represents a congenital unilateral deformity of the breast, chest wall, and upper limb with extremely variable manifestations. In most cases, the problem is mainly cosmetic, and the reconstruction of the chest wall should use a method designed to be performed easily and to achieve minimal scarring and donor site morbidity. We describe using a transverse musculocutaneous gracilis (TMG) flap for chest wall and anterior maxillary fold reconstruction in three male patients. In two patients, only the pectoralis major muscle was missing. In the third case, the ipsilateral latissimus dorsi muscle was also absent. The indication for surgical treatment was purely cosmetic. In all patients, a free TMG flap was performed to reconstruct the anterior axillary fold and the soft tissue defect. There was no flap loss, and all three patients had a clearly improved appearance of the chest wall. In this article, we demonstrate our experience with the use of a TMG flap for chest wall reconstruction in male patients with Poland's syndrome. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2013.
A lacustrine sedimentary record of Holocene periglacial activity from the Uinta Mountains, Utah, U.S.A.
Authors: Munroe Jeffrey S. , Klem Catherine M. , Bigl Matthew F. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA lake sediment core from the Uinta Mountains of northern Utah was analyzed to constrain the timing of late Holocene periglacial activity. Records of numerous physical properties were converted to time series spanning the past 5300 years using a depth-age model based on four AMS 14C dates. Long-term decreases in organic content and increases in bulk density attest to increasing inputs of clastic sediment. Abundance of mineral P, signaling physical bedrock weathering, reaches maximum values ca. 2900, 2150, and 1400 cal yr BP, coincident with finer median grain size and a shift toward darker red sediment. These peaks, interpreted as signals of periglacial activity, align with pulses of rock glacier activity in Colorado determined from lichenometry. The youngest peak coincides with lichenometric ages previously determined for periglacial deposits upstream from the lake. A pulse of renewed periglacial activity ca. 400 cal yr BP represents the Little Ice Age. The late 20th century witnessed extremely high values of organic matter and biogenic silica, and unprecedented low values of C:N, reflecting greatly enhanced in-lake productivity, likely due to disturbance in the watershed.
Leviticus on how to make and distribute profit
Authors: Shapiro Brian P. , Cohen Norman M. , Naughton Michael 
Published: January 2013

PurposeLeviticus is an important source of moral reflection in Western culture. This paper applies passages from Leviticus 19 and its Rabbinic and medieval commentaries to modern day management education and practice. The purpose of this paper is to explore Leviticus 19's concern with the economic, moral, and spiritual dimensions of how to make and allocate profit. The paper highlights the implications of this distinction for management education through the use of cases and classic essays.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis applies two passages from Leviticus 19 and their later commentaries: Leviticus 19:9‐10, on leaving the gleanings of one's harvest (e.g., the modern equivalent of profit) for the poor; and Leviticus 19:14, on not placing a stumbling block before the blind (e.g., the modern equivalent of the financially illiterate and morally blind). This analysis extends these texts to the social and economic circumstances of modern day business.FindingsLeviticus 19's moral vision understands profit making and distribution in relation to the poor and other stakeholders. In addition, this interpretation of Leviticus 19 within the Jewish tradition provides a richer moral rationale than instrumentalism can give for taking prudent steps to protect both investors and the disadvantaged members of society.Originality/valueThe paper extends the interpretation of Leviticus 19 and its commentaries to how modern day profits should be made and distributed to the disadvantaged members of society. These concerns address the social responsibilities of managers and the education of future business leaders who will prudently examine their professional obligations.
Forest land rights, tenure types, and farmers' investment incentives in China
Authors: Qin Ping , Xu Jintao 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to assess the impact of land rights and tenure types on farmers' investment behavior in Chinese collective forests, using household survey data from Fujian Province.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the authors conducted a household survey in Fujian province of 520 randomly selected forest farmers. The authors used a random‐effects Tobit model to estimate the impact of land rights and other components on, for example, tenure security and harvest quota, and the impact of tenure types on farmers' investment incentives.FindingsThis study produced three main findings: perceived tenure security in the context of frequent agricultural land redistribution negatively affects input intensity; farmers still perceive some tenure arrangements to be more uncertain than others, which discourages them from undertaking investments on such plots; and the harvest quota regulation, introduced to conserve forest stock, has in fact acted as a disincentive in forestry management.Originality/valueAlmost all previous studies are based on national or regional data, which have primarily focused on the links between tenure types and investment incentives. In this study, based on the plot‐level data, the authors are able to assess not only the impacts of tenure types but also how specific land rights and their components affect farmers' investment behavior.
Varved sediments of Lake Yoa (Ounianga Kebir, Chad) reveal progressive drying of the Sahara during the last 6100 years
Authors: Francus Pierre , von Suchodoletz Hans , Dietze Michael , Donner Reik V. , Bouchard Frédéric , Roy Ann‐Julie , Fagot Maureen , Verschuren Dirk , Kröpelin Stefan 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe sedimentological and geochemical properties of a 7·47 m long laminated sequence from hypersaline Lake Yoa in northern Chad have been investigated, representing a unique, continuous 6100 year long continental record of climate and environmental change in the eastern Central Sahara. These data were used to reconstruct the Mid to Late Holocene history of this currently hyper‐arid region, in order to address the question of whether the Mid Holocene environmental transition from a humid to a dry Sahara was progressive or abrupt. This study involved a suite of analyses, including petrographic and scanning electron microscope examination of thin sections, X‐ray diffraction, X‐radiography, granulometry, loss on ignition and magnetic susceptibility. The potential of micro‐X‐ray fluorescence core scanning was tested at very high resolution. Detailed microscopic investigation revealed the sedimentary processes responsible for the formation of the fine laminations, identified the season during which they were formed, and confirmed their annually rhythmic nature. High‐resolution X‐ray fluorescence core scanning allowed the distinction of each individual lamination over the entire record, opening new perspectives for the study of finely laminated sediment sequences. Geochemical and mineralogical data reveal that, due to decreasing monsoon rainfall combined with continuous and strong evaporation, the hydrologically open and fresh Mid Holocene Lake Yoa slowly evolved into the present‐day hypersaline brine depleted in calcium, which has existed for about the past 1050 years. During the oldest part of the investigated period, Lake Yoa probably contained a permanently stratified lower water column that was nevertheless disrupted relatively frequently by mixing events. Deep‐water anoxia became more stable because of increased salinity‐driven density stratification. In parallel, the sediment grain‐size proxies record a progressive increase of aeolian input in the course of the last 6100 years. Altogether, all geochemical and sedimentological indicators point to a progressive drying of the eastern Central Sahara, strengthening previous conclusions based on palaeoecological indicators.
The development of risky attitudes from pre-driving to fully-qualified driving
Authors: Rowe Richard , Maughan Barbara , Gregory Alice M , Eley Thalia C 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundYoung drivers are at increased crash risk as a result of adopting risky driving styles. The present work examines the development of risky attitudes from pre-driving to fully-qualified driving, focussing on speed related attitudes.MethodsData were drawn from a UK longitudinal study of adolescent behaviour development in the general population (the G1219 study). At baseline (modal age 17 years) there were 1596 participants, only 18% of whom were fully-qualified drivers. At follow-up (modal age 20 years) 64% were fully-qualified drivers. Attitudes to driving violations, particularly speeding, were measured in all participants at both assessments. Self-reported driving violations, also related to speeding, were measured in fully-qualified drivers at follow-up.ResultsAttitudes became riskier with driver training/experience. Baseline attitudes measured in pre-drivers did not independently predict violations in those that had become fully-qualified drivers at follow-up. The attitudes of learner and fully-qualified drivers at baseline independently predicted violations at follow-up.ConclusionsThese results indicate that the driver training period offers a promising opportunity for interventions to develop safer driving attitudes.
What Is Cush Doing in Amos 9:7? The Poetics of Exodus in the Plural
Authors: Strawn Brent A. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Most scholars believe that Cush is mentioned in Amos 9:7 because it is a remote place, and that Cush’s geographical distance is thus the point of its comparison with Israel in this verse. The present essay argues instead that the verse displays a complex poetic structure (comparable to, but not identical with, aspects of staircase parallelism, synonymous-sequential parallelism, and sorites) which connects Cush to the exodus activities of Yahweh mentioned later in the verse. A Cushite “migration” that is akin to those of Israel, the Philistines, and Aram, can be found in the 25th Dynasty, which is contemporaneous with the horizon of the prophet Amos and his book.
Phase II trial of upfront bevacizumab and temozolomide for unresectable or multifocal glioblastoma
Authors: Lou Emil , Peters Katherine B. , Sumrall Ashley L. , Desjardins Annick , Reardon David A. , Lipp Eric S. , Herndon James E. , Coan April , Bailey Leighann , Turner Scott , Friedman Henry S. , Vredenburgh James J. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPatients with unresectable glioblastomas have a poor prognosis, with median survival of 6–10 months. We conducted a phase II trial of upfront 5‐day temozolomide (TMZ) and bevacizumab (BV) in patients with newly diagnosed unresectable or multifocal glioblastoma. Patients received up to four cycles of TMZ at 200 mg/m2 on days 1–5, and BV at 10 mg/kg on days 1 and 15 of a 28‐day cycle. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed monthly. Therapy was continued as long as there was no tumor progression, grade 4 nonhematologic toxicity, or recurrent grade 4 hematologic toxicity after dose reduction. The primary end point was best tumor response as measured on MRI. Forty‐one patients were accrued over 12 months; 39 had a full set of MRI scans available for evaluation. Assessment for best radiographic responses was as follows: partial responses in 24.4%, stable disease in 68.3%, and progressive disease in 2.4%. Treatment‐related toxicities included seven grade 4 toxicities and one grade 5 toxicity (myocardial infarction). From this study, it was concluded that an upfront regimen of TMZ and BV for unresectable glioblastoma was well tolerated and provided a significant level of disease stabilization. Therapeutic toxicities were consistent with those seen in the adjuvant setting using these agents. The upfront approach to treatment of glioblastoma in the unresectable population warrants further investigation in randomized controlled phase III trials.
Just‐suspended agitation of solid mixtures
Authors: Bao Tianxin , Myers Kevin J. , Janz Eric E. , Fasano Julian B. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractFor binary solid mixtures, the mixture just‐suspended speed is predicted with reasonable accuracy from the sum of powers to suspend the solids individually. Exceptions to this behaviour occur for mixtures of low‐density solids and for mixtures involving a small, high‐density solid. For these systems, summing the powers required to individually suspend the solids over‐predicts the mixture just‐suspended speed. Limited testing of ternary solid mixtures indicates that summing the powers required to individually suspend the solids also predicts the just‐suspended speed in these more complex systems.
Mapping kainate activation of inner neurons in the rat retina
Authors: Nivison‐Smith Lisa , Sun Daniel , Fletcher Erica L. , Marc Robert E. , Kalloniatis Michael 
Published: January 2013

AbstractKainate receptors mediate fast, excitatory synaptic transmission for a range of inner neurons in the mammalian retina. However, allocation of functional kainate receptors to known cell types and their sensitivity remains unresolved. Using the cation channel probe 1‐amino‐4‐guanidobutane agmatine (AGB), we investigated kainate sensitivity of neurochemically identified cell populations within the structurally intact rat retina. Most inner retinal neuron populations responded to kainate in a concentration‐dependent manner. OFF cone bipolar cells demonstrated the highest sensitivity of all inner neurons to kainate. Immunocytochemical localization of AGB and macromolecular markers confirmed that type 2 bipolar cells were part of this kainate‐sensitive population. The majority of amacrine (ACs) and ganglion cells (GCs) showed kainate responses with different sensitivities between major neurochemical classes (γ‐aminobutyric acid [GABA]/glycine ACs > glycine ACs > GABA ACs; glutamate [Glu]/weakly GABA GCs > Glu GCs). Conventional and displaced cholinergic ACs were highly responsive to kainate, whereas dopaminergic ACs do not appear to express functional kainate receptors. These findings further contribute to our understanding of neuronal networks in complex multicellular tissues. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:2416–2438, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mx1‐Cre mediated Rgs12 conditional knockout mice exhibit increased bone mass phenotype
Authors: Yang Shuying , Li Yi‐Ping , Liu Tongjun , He Xiaoning , Yuan Xue , Li Chunyi , Cao Jay , Kim Yunjung 
Published: January 2013

SummaryRegulators of G‐protein Signaling (Rgs) proteins are the members of a multigene family of GTPase‐accelerating proteins (GAP) for the Galpha subunit of heterotrimeric G‐proteins. Rgs proteins play critical roles in the regulation of G protein couple receptor (GPCR) signaling in normal physiology and human diseases such as cancer, heart diseases, and inflammation. Rgs12 is the largest protein of the Rgs protein family. Some in vitro studies have demonstrated that Rgs12 plays a critical role in regulating cell differentiation and migration; however its function and mechanism in vivo is largely unknown. Here, we generated a floxed Rgs12 allele (Rgs12flox/flox) in which the exon 2, containing both PDZ and PTB_PID domains of Rgs12, was flanked with two loxp sites. By using the inducible Mx1‐cre and Poly I:C system to specifically delete Rgs12 at postnatal 10 days in interferon‐responsive cells including monocyte and macrophage cells, we found that Rgs12 mutant mice had growth retardation with the phenotype of increased bone mass. We further found that deletion of Rgs12 reduced osteoclast numbers and had no significant effect on osteoblast formation. Thus, Rgs12flox/flox conditional mice provide a valuable tool for in vivo analysis of Rgs12 function and mechanism through time‐ and cell‐specific deletion of Rgs12. genesis 51:201–209, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Youth identities as remixers in an online community of storytellers: Attitudes, strategies, and values
Authors: Ahn June , Subramaniam Mega , Fleischmann Kenneth R. , Waugh Amanda , Walsh Greg , Druin Allison 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn today's media‐rich world, youths are not merely consumers, but also active creators of information. Digital tools allow authors to more easily remix and copy previous works. These new media practices have brought issues of appropriation, copyright, privacy, information behavior, and information literacy to the forefront. In this paper, we present a case study of a hybrid online and offline community of middle school students designed to help them develop identities as scientists through storytelling. The case illuminates the complex issues of appropriation and remix that arise when youths create, share, copy, and adapt their peers' media artifacts. Our analysis then highlights how youths, who are evolving as information literate individuals, identify with (a) attitudes towards information appropriation, (b) strategies of remix, and (c) the underlying values that motivate their ideas about remix practices.
Major phenylpropanoid‐derived metabolites in the human gut can arise from microbial fermentation of protein
Authors: Russell Wendy R. , Duncan Sylvia H. , Scobbie Lorraine , Duncan Gary , Cantlay Louise , Calder A. Graham , Anderson Susan E. , Flint Harry J. 
Published: January 2013

ScopePlant secondary metabolites, such as phenolic acids are commonly associated with benefits for human health. Two of the most abundant phenylpropanoid‐derived compounds detected in human faecal samples are phenylacetic acid (PAA) and 4‐hydroxylphenylacetic acid (4‐hydroxyPAA). Although they have the potential to be derived from diets rich in plant‐based foods, evidence suggests that these compounds can be derived from the microbial fermentation of aromatic amino acids (AAAs) in the colon.Methods and resultsTo identify the bacteria responsible, 26 strains representing 25 of the dominant human colonic species were screened for phenyl metabolite formation. Seven strains produced significant amounts of both PAA and 4‐hydroxyPAA. These included five out of seven Bacteroidetes (Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides eggerthii, Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroides fragilis, Parabacteroides distasonis), and two out of 17 Firmicutes (Eubacterium hallii and Clostridium bartlettii). These species also produced indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA), the corresponding tryptophan metabolite, but C. bartlettii showed 100 times higher IAA production than the other six strains. Four strains were further tested and PAA formation was substantially increased by phenylalanine, 4‐hydroxyPAA by tyrosine and IAA by tryptophan.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that certain microbial species have the ability to ferment all three AAAs and that protein fermentation is the likely source of major phenylpropanoid‐derived metabolites in the colon.