bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early prediction of hypertension during pregnancy in a low‐resource setting
Authors: Kumar Manisha , Gupta Usha , Bhattacharjee Jayashree , Singh Ritu , Singh Shalini , Goel Manish , Sharma Karuna , Rehman Mujeeb U. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the role of maternal factors, biomarkers, and uterine‐artery Doppler in the prediction of hypertension during pregnancy.MethodsA prospective cohort study was performed between December 2012 and November 2014. All singleton pregnancies between 11 weeks and 13 weeks, 6 days of pregnancy were included. Patients had their body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters), mean arterial pressure, uterine‐artery Doppler pulsatility index, and pregnancy‐associated plasma protein A (PAPP‐A) and free β‐human chorionic gonadotropin levels recorded. Any patients diagnosed with hypertension during follow‐up were assigned to the case cohort; all other patients were assigned to the control group.ResultsHypertension during pregnancy was observed in 198 (9.7%) of 2042 patients that attended follow‐up. The mean BMI, mean arterial pressure, uterine‐artery Doppler pulsatility index, and the PAPP‐A level at study enrollment were all significantly correlated with the later development of hypertension (P < 0.001 for all variables). The combined sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of using the investigated parameters to predict hypertension was 76%, 80%, 31%, and 93%, respectively.ConclusionPatient BMI, mean arterial pressure, PAPP‐A, and pulsatility index were found to be effective predictors of hypertension during pregnancy. Combining these predictors may be beneficial in selecting individuals for close monitoring and early intervention during pregnancy.
Corticotropin‐releasing factor receptor‐1 antagonism mitigates beta amyloid pathology and cognitive and synaptic deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Kuo Ching‐Chang , Moghadam Setareh H. , Monte Louise , Campbell Shannon N. , Rice Kenner C. , Sawchenko Paul E. , Masliah Eliezer , Rissman Robert A. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIntroductionStress and corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF) have been implicated as mechanistically involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but agents that impact CRF signaling have not been carefully tested for therapeutic efficacy or long‐term safety in animal models.MethodsTo test whether antagonism of the type‐1 corticotropin‐releasing factor receptor (CRFR1) could be used as a disease‐modifying treatment for AD, we used a preclinical prevention paradigm and treated 30‐day‐old AD transgenic mice with the small‐molecule, CRFR1‐selective antagonist, R121919, for 5 months, and examined AD pathologic and behavioral end points.ResultsR121919 significantly prevented the onset of cognitive impairment in female mice and reduced cellular and synaptic deficits and beta amyloid and C‐terminal fragment‐β levels in both genders. We observed no tolerability or toxicity issues in mice treated with R121919.DiscussionCRFR1 antagonism presents a viable disease‐modifying therapy for AD, recommending its advancement to early‐phase human safety trials.
Transcription factor activating protein 2 beta (TFAP2B) mediates noradrenergic neuronal differentiation in neuroblastoma
Authors: Ikram Fakhera , Ackermann Sandra , Kahlert Yvonne , Volland Ruth , Roels Frederik , Engesser Anne , Hertwig Falk , Kocak Hayriye , Hero Barbara , Dreidax Daniel , Henrich Kai-Oliver , Berthold Frank , Nürnberg Peter , Westermann Frank , Fischer Matthias 
Published: November 2015

Neuroblastoma is an embryonal pediatric tumor that originates from the developing sympathetic nervous system and shows a broad range of clinical behavior, ranging from fatal progression to differentiation into benign ganglioneuroma. In experimental neuroblastoma systems, retinoic acid (RA) effectively induces neuronal differentiation, and RA treatment has been therefore integrated in current therapies. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying differentiation are still poorly understood. We here investigated the role of transcription factor activating protein 2 beta (TFAP2B), a key factor in sympathetic nervous system development, in neuroblastoma pathogenesis and differentiation. Microarray analyses of primary neuroblastomas (n = 649) demonstrated that low TFAP2B expression was significantly associated with unfavorable prognostic markers as well as adverse patient outcome. We also found that low TFAP2B expression was strongly associated with CpG methylation of the TFAP2B locus in primary neuroblastomas (n = 105) and demethylation with 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine resulted in induction of TFAP2B expression in vitro, suggesting that TFAP2B is silenced by genomic methylation. Tetracycline inducible re‐expression of TFAP2B in IMR‐32 and SH‐EP neuroblastoma cells significantly impaired proliferation and cell cycle progression. In IMR‐32 cells, TFAP2B induced neuronal differentiation, which was accompanied by up‐regulation of the catecholamine biosynthesizing enzyme genes DBH and TH, and down‐regulation of MYCN and REST, a master repressor of neuronal genes. By contrast, knockdown of TFAP2B by lentiviral transduction of shRNAs abrogated RA‐induced neuronal differentiation of SH‐SY5Y and SK‐N‐BE(2)c neuroblastoma cells almost completely. Taken together, our results suggest that TFAP2B is playing a vital role in retaining RA responsiveness and mediating noradrenergic neuronal differentiation in neuroblastoma.
Tillites at the base of the Vendian Taseeva Group in the stratotype section (Siberian craton)
Authors: Sovetov J.K. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Isolated lenses of diamictites laying discordantly over the Late Riphean (Cryogenian) Kirgitei Formation were found in the immediate vicinity of the Vendian Taseeva Group stratotype in the Taseeva River valley and assigned to the Shishina Member a few meters in visible thickness. The Shishina diamictites are, likely, of glacial origin as they (i) lie at the base of the Vendian section, (ii) consist of unsorted dolomitic clasts from fine gravel to more than 0.5 m boulders suspended in a mud matrix, and (iii) show glacial striation on clasts. The glacial origin is further supported by the morphology of stones, which resemble a smoothing iron or a bullet, with a swelly top, a flat bottom, and a steeply cut rear and form clusters produced by disintegration of larger boulders. The stones bear signatures of cleavage, cracks, grooves, and striation on the faces, while the matrix looks undeformed. The Shishina Member has no genetic relation with the underlying Kirgitei Formation but rather correlates sedimentologically with the Ulyakha Member tillites at the base of the Vendian Marnya Formation (Oselok Group) in the Sayan foothills. The Shishina Member stones may derive from the Late Riphean (Cryogenian) Dzhura Formation exposed 4 km downstream of the site along the Taseeva. They occur near the base of the Aleshinsky Formation (lowermost unit of the Taseeva Group) of cross-bedded glaciofluvial sandstone, gravelstone, conglomerate, and sandy gravel mixtite transported from east to west (from the Siberian Craton interior to its margins) and deposited in channel bars or as gravel lags. The lower member of the Aleshinsky Formation comprises two associations of clasts: (i) coarse quartzose sand and gravel and (ii) fine and medium quartz and lithoclastic sand. Rocks in the former are well rounded, with traces of wind erosion, while the latter association is composed of mechanically eroded angular material transported to short distances from a metamorphic and metasedimentary source on the Craton margin. The Aleshinsky clastics have their composition and grain size patterns similar to those of the glaciofluvial Plity, Nersya, and Kedrovy members of the Marnya Formation in the Sayan area. According to sedimentological evidence, the Shishina diamictites are tillites identical to the Ulyakha moraine at the base of the Sayan Oselok Group and may be a missing link in the Taseeva Group stratigraphy.
Evidence for global Famennian and Tournaisian geologic events in the section of an isolated carbonate platform in the eastern Urals
Authors: Mizens G.A. , Kuleshov V.N. , Stepanova T.I. , Kucheva N.A. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The composition of stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in the section of an isolated carbonate platform is analyzed. Traces of several global and subglobal transgressions and regressions have been found in the limestone strata. Some of these phenomena were associated with the Upper Kellwasser (at the Frasnian–Famennian boundary) and multiphase Hangenberg (at the Devonian–Carboniferous boundary) Events. Nevertheless, there were no considerable sea level fluctuations in the platform water area. There is no evidence for subaerial erosion. The bottom water during sedimentation was mostly in oxic conditions.
Stages and conditions of metamorphism of mafic granulites in the Early Precambrian complex of the Angara–Kan terrane (southwestern Siberian Craton)
Authors: Turkina O.M. , Sukhorukov V.P. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
We present results of study of mineral assemblages and PT-conditions of metamorphism of mafic garnet–two-pyroxene and two-pyroxene granulites in the Early Precambrian metamorphic complex of the Angara–Kan terrane as well as the U–Pb age and trace-element and Lu–Hf isotope compositions of zircon from these rocks and the zircon/garnet REE distribution coefficients. The temperatures of metamorphism of two-pyroxene granulites are estimated as 800–870 to ~900 °C. Mafic garnet–two-pyroxene granulites contain garnet coronas formed at 750–860 °C and 8–9.5 kbar. The formation of the garnet coronas proceeded probably at the retrograde stage during cooling and was controlled by the rock composition. The age (1.92–1.94 Ga) of zircon cores, which retain the REE pattern typical of magmatic zircon, can be taken as the minimum age of protolith for the mafic granulites. The metamorphic zircon generation in the mafic granulites is represented by multifaceted or soccerball crystals and rims depleted in Y, MREE, and HREE compared to the cores. The age of metamorphic zircon in the garnet–two-pyroxene (~1.77 Ga) and two-pyroxene granulites (~1.85 and 1.78 Ga) indicates two episodes of high-temperature metamorphism. The presence of one generation (1.77 Ga) of metamorphic zircon in the garnet–two-pyroxene granulites and, on the contrary, the predominance of 1.85 Ga zircon in the two-pyroxene granulites with single garnet grains suggest that the formation of the garnet coronas proceeded at the second stage of metamorphism. The agreement between the zircon/garnet HREE distribution coefficients and the experimentally determined values at 800 °C suggests the simultaneous formation of ~1.77 Ga metamorphic zircon and garnet. Zircon formation by dissolution/reprecipitation or recrystallization in a closed system without exchange with the rock matrix is confirmed by the close ranges of 176Hf/177Hf values for the core and rims. The positive εHf values (up to +6.2) for the zircon cores suggest that the protolith of mafic granulites are derived from depleted-mantle source. The first stage of metamorphism of the mafic granulites and paragneisses of the Kan complex (1.85–1.89 Ga) ended with the formation of collisional granitoids (1.84 Ga). The second stage (~1.77 Ga) corresponds to the intrusion of the second phase of subalkalic leucogranites of the Taraka pluton and charnockites (1.73–1.75 Ga).
Omphacite paradox in mantle peridotites
Authors: Shur M.Yu. , Perchuk A.L. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractOmphacite is a typomorphic mineral of eclogites, which is inappropriate to mineral assemblages of peridotites. Nevertheless, findings of this mineral in inclusions in peridotitic diamonds can be considered as indirect evidence for the existence of this paradoxical mineral assemblage. In this paper we present experimental results on the interaction between carbonate-bearing amphibolite and olivine that model processes operated at the crust–mantle boundary in subduction zones. The experiments demonstrate growth of omphacite at the interface between acid melt and peridotite media at 2.9 GPa and 850–900 °C; the omphacite coexists either with garnet and orthopyroxene or with phlogopite. The synthetic omphacite is exclusively of reactive-magmatic origin and does not form in metasomatic way. Findings of omphacite inclusions in peridotitic diamonds and in some pyroxenites from kimberlites are discussed in scope of the obtained experimental data.
Thermal and redox equilibrium conditions of the upper-mantle xenoliths from the Quaternary volcanoes of NW Spitsbergen, Svalbard Archipelago
Authors: Goncharov A.G. , Nikitina L.P. , Borovkov N.V. , Babushkina M.S. , Sirotkin A.N. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Upper-mantle xenoliths in Cenozoic basalts of northwestern Spitsbergen are rocks of peridotite (spinel lherzolites) and pyroxenite (amphibole-containing garnet and garnet-free clinopyroxenites, garnet clinopyroxenites, and garnet and garnet-free websterites) series. The upper-mantle section in the depth range 50–100 km is composed of spinel peridotites; at depths of 80–100 km pyroxenites (probably, dikes or sills) appear. The equilibrium conditions of parageneses are as follows: in the peridotites—730–1180 °C, 13–27 kbar, and oxygen fugacity of − 1.5 to + 0.3 log. un.; in the pyroxenites—1100–1310 °C, 22–33 kbar. The pyroxenite minerals have been found to contain exsolved structures, such as orthopyroxene lamellae in clinopyroxene and, vice versa, clinopyroxene lamella in orthopyroxene. The formation temperatures of unexsolved phases in orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene are nearly 100–150 °C higher than the temperatures of the lamellae–matrix equilibrium and the equilibrium of minerals in the rock. The normal distribution of cations in the spinel structure and the equilibrium distribution of Fe2+ between the M1 and M2 sublattices in the orthopyroxenes point to the high rate of xenolith ascent from the rock crystallization zone to the surface. All studied Spitsbergen rock-forming minerals from mantle xenoliths contain volatiles in their structure: OH−, crystal hydrate water H2Ocryst, and molecules with characteristic CH and CO groups. The first two components are predominant, and the total content of water (OH– + H2Ocryst) increases in the series olivine → garnet → orthopyroxene → clinopyroxene. The presence of these volatiles in the nominally anhydrous minerals (NAM) crystallized at high temperatures and pressures in the peridotites and pyroxenites testifies to the high strength of the volatile–mineral bond. The possibility of preservation of volatiles is confirmed by the results of comprehensive thermal and mass-spectral analyses of olivines and clinopyroxene, whose structures retain these components up to 1300 °C. The composition of hypothetic C–O–H fluid in equilibrium (in the presence of free carbon) with the underlying mantle rocks varies from aqueous (&gt;80% H2O) to aqueous–carbonic (~60% H2O). The fluid becomes essentially aqueous when the oxygen activity in the system decreases. However, there is no strict dependence of the redox conditions on the depth of formation of xenoliths.
Mayenite-supergroup minerals from burned dump of the Chelyabinsk Coal Basin
Authors: Sharygin V.V. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Three minerals of the mayenite supergroup have been found in fluorellestadite-bearing metacarbonate rock (former fragment of petrified wood of ankeritic composition) from the dump at the Baturinskaya-Vostochnaya-1-2 mine. These are eltyubyuite Ca12Fe103+Si4O32Cl6, its fluorine analog Ca12Fe103+Si4O30F10, and chlormayenite–wadalite Ca12(Al,Fe)14O32Cl2–Ca12(Al,Fe)10Si4O32Cl2. The first two phases occur in the reaction mantle around hematite, magnesioferrite, and Ca-ferrite aggregates (“calciohexaferrite” CaFe12O19, “grandiferrite” CaFe4O7, and “dorrite phase” Ca2(Fe53+Mn0.53+Mg0.5)(Si0.5Fe5.53+)O20) and, rarely, as individuals in grained aggregates of fluorellestadite–cuspidine (± larnite ± rusinovite Ca10(Si2O7)3Cl2). Assemblages of zoned chlormayenite–wadalite crystals are found in grained aggregates of fluorellestadite– cuspidine, which lack Ca-ferrite. Also, harmunite CaFe2O4, chlorellestadite, fluorapatite, anhydrite, rondorfite Ca8Mg(SiO4)4Cl2, fluorine analog of rondorfite Ca8Mg(SiO4)4F2, “Mg-cuspidine” Ca3.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Si2O7)F2, fluorite, barioferrite BaFe12O19, zhangpeishanite BaFCl, and other rare phases are identified in this rock. Data on the chemical composition and Raman spectroscopy of the mayenite-supergroup minerals are given. The genesis of metacarbonate rock is considered in detail: “oxidizing calcination” of Ca–Fe-carbonates with the formation of hematite and lime; reaction between hematite and lime with the formation of different Ca-ferrites; formation of larnite as a result of reaction between SiO2 and lime or CaCO3; and reactionary impact of hot Cl–F–S-bearing gases on early assemblages. Eltyubyuite and its fluorine analog crystallized at the stages of gas impact. It is presumed that the maximum temperature during the formation of rock reached 1200–1230 °C.
Structure of the Earth’s crust in the northern part of the Barents–Kara region along the 4-AR DSS profile
Authors: Sakoulina T.S. , Pavlenkova G.A. , Kashubin S.N. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The 1370 km long 4-AR reference profile crosses the North Barents Basin, the northern end of the Novaya Zemlya Rise, and the North Kara Basin. Integrated geophysical studies including common deep point (CDP) survey and deep seismic sounding (DSS) were carried out along the profiles. The DSS was performed using autonomous bottom seismic stations (ABSS) spaced 10–20 km apart and a powerful air gun producing seismic signals with a step size of 250 m. As a result, detailed P- and S-wave velocity structures of the crust and upper mantle were studied. The basic method was ray-tracing modeling. The Earth’s crust along the entire profile is typically continental with compressional wave velocities of 5.8–7.2 km/s in the consolidated part. Crustal thickness increases from 30 km near the islands of Franz Josef Land to 35 km beneath the North Barents Basin, 50 km beneath the Novaya Zemlya Rise, and 40 km beneath the North Kara Basin. The North Barents Basin 15 km deep is characterized by unusually low velocities in the consolidated crust: The upper crust layer with velocities of 5.8–6.4 km/s has a thickness of about 15 km beneath the basin (usually, this layer wedges beneath deep sedimentary basins). Another special property of the crust in the North Barents Basin is the destroyed structure of the Moho.
Change in the amplitude spectrum of seismoacoustic emission under strong vibration
Authors: Bryksin A.A. , Seleznev V.S. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
We study changes in the properties of the geologic environment in the vicinity of a stationary 40-ton vibration source in time intervals between vibration sessions. The relationship between the estimated amount of energy released by the environment over time and the frequency of the amplitude spectrum was determined experimentally. We introduced a parameter (α) that characterizes this relationship and determined that its absolute value increases linearly in the time intervals between operations of the vibration source in field observations. It is hypothesized that there are zones that have the property to change rapidly their stress state by both accumulating and releasing energy. Comparative analysis of the stress state of the area of the experiment showed significant differences in the spatial distribution of the gradient of the new parameter (β) before and after active low-frequency effects on the environment.
Impulse response of viscous remanent magnetization: laboratory measurements by a pulse induction system
Authors: Kamnev Ya.K. , Kozhevnikov N.O. , Kazansky A.Yu. , Stefanenko S.M. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractTransient electromagnetic responses measured in the field or in the laboratory may bear effects of viscous remanent magnetization (VRM) associated with magnetic relaxation of ultrafine grains of ferrimagnetic minerals or superparamagnetism. The behavior of VRM can be studied in time or frequency domain, TDEM measurements being advantageous because they are done in the absence of primary field and owing to broad time range providing high accuracy of VRM parameters. Another advantage is that the rate of viscous decay measured as voltage decay does not need to be corrected for stable and/or slowly decaying viscous component of total remanence. Time-dependent transient responses of viscous decay follow the power law a ⋅ t–b, where a is the initial emf signal (varying in a broad range) and b is the exponent approaching 1. Laboratory tests with a pulse induction coil system reveal a strong linear correlation of the parameter a with frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility Δκ used commonly for constraining the relative abundances of superparamagnetic particles. Such systems are thus suitable for quick measurements of the large number of samples for detection of superparamagnetic (SP) particles and quantifying their contribution. The difference of b from 1, though being minor, exceeds markedly its error in estimates from measured data. Simulated TDEM responses of a superparamagnetic ground show both parameters (a and b) to depend on particle volume distribution, which is prerequisite for inversion of time-domain transients to magnetic properties of rocks and soils.
Magnetostratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian Bakchar Basin (southeastern West Siberia)
Authors: Gnibidenko Z.N. , Lebedeva N.K. , Levicheva A.V. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
In this paper the results of magnetostratigraphic studies of the Upper Cretaceous penetrated by two wells (S-124 and S-114) drilled in the Tomsk structural-facies zone (Bakchar iron ore deposit) are presented. The obtained biostratigraphic data show that the sediments formed in the Campanian–Maastrichtian time interval. The high-temperature component of the remanent magnetization identified in the rocks allowed us to compile paleomagnetic columns for each well and correlate the columns, using paleontological data, with each other and with the general magnetostratigraphic and magnetochronological scales. In magnetostratigraphic sections of two wells, the Campanian reverse-polarity Slavgorod Formation (R(km)) with a normal-polarity horizon is correlated with Chron C33(r) (top) and C33(n) (bottom) of the Gradstein scale, and the Maastrichtian normal-polarity Gan’kino Formation with a thin reverse-polarity horizon (N(mt)) is correlated with Chron C30 of this scale.
Histone chaperone CAF-1 mediates repressive histone modifications to protect preimplantation mouse embryos from endogenous retrotransposons
Authors: Hatanaka Yuki , Inoue Kimiko , Oikawa Mami , Kamimura Satoshi , Ogonuki Narumi , Kodama Eiichi N. , Ohkawa Yasuyuki , Tsukada Yu-ichi , Ogura Atsuo 
Published: November 2015

Significance
Retrotransposons constitute substantial proportions of mammalian genomes and can be harmful when activated ectopically. DNA methylation is the major mechanism for retrotransposon silencing, but we do not know how late preimplantation embryos, which are exceptionally hypomethylated, are protected from retrotransposons. Knockdown of the histone chaperone chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1) resulted in significant up-regulation of retrotransposons (e.g., long interspersed element 1) and mouse embryonic death at morula stage. CAF-1 was responsible for deposition of histone variant H3.1/3.2 and repressive histone marks, including trimethylation of histone H4 on lysine 20 (H4K20me3) and H3K9me3, at retrotransposon regions. Depletion of H4K20me3 or H3K9me3 by knockdown of specific histone methyltransferases resulted in up-regulation of retrotransposons in morulae. Thus, hypomethylated preimplantation mouse embryos are protected by repressive histone modifications mediated by CAF-1.