bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Earth tidal and barometric responses observed in the Callovo-Oxfordian clay Formation at Andra Meuse/Haute-Marne Underground Research Laboratory
Authors: Delcourt-Honorez M. , Scholz E. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Fluid pressures were recorded over 6.5 years in borehole EST207 located at the Andra Meuse/Haute-Marne Underground Research Laboratory in Bure (France). The borehole is equipped with a multipacker system monitoring 11 intervals, including 8 in the Callovo-Oxfordian clay Formation, 2 in the Dogger Formation and 1 at the Oxfordian base. Pressure data were analysed for responses to Earth tides and barometric pressure in the 11intervals. Fourier analyses on the pressure data revealed some of the Earth tidal components. Use of ETERNA software determined a better estimate of Earth tidal wave parameters (amplitudes, phases and their standard deviations) and barometric efficiency. Estimates of the tidal parameters K1, O1, P1, S1 and M2, N2, S2, K2 were made before and after barometric correction. It is suggested that in the Callovo-Oxfordian clay, the greater the clay content of the formation, the greater the barometric efficiency values. A barometric and tidal responses classification using four groups as a function of the 11 borehole intervals is in good agreement with the geological configuration. This preliminary geological interpretation will allow both the estimation of poroelastic and hydrogeological parameters of the clay formation from Earth tidal and barometric responses without classical pump test experiments, and the monitoring of these properties over a long period.
Two-phase-flow pore-size simulations in Opalinus clay by the Lattice Boltzmann Method
Authors: Dymitrowska M. , Pazdniakou A. , Adler Pierre M. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The experimental determination of transport properties of low permeability clay rocks, especially of relative permeabilities and capillary pressure curves for water and gas, is a very challenging issue, in particular at high water saturation (very low gas permeability resulting in long equilibration times) and for gaseous hydrogen (due to the high pressures involved and the resulting explosion risk). Navier-Stokes equations are solved inside a porous medium on the pore scale, so as to derive the absolute and relative (two-phase-flow) permeabilities. For this purpose microtomography data of Opalinus clay samples acquired in the Mont Terri Ventilation Experiment are used to visualize the pore space in 3D at a micrometric scale (porosity size >0.7 µm). The corresponding percolating porosity is mainly composed of micrometric cracks parallel to the bedding and attributed to shrinkage. Two-phase flow is calculated in the percolating cracks by an immiscible Lattice Boltzmann (LBM) code. In addition, some validation results of the LBM model for three-phase systems (liquid-gas-solid) are presented.
Dynamite
Authors: Moscato Mariano M. , Pombo Carlos G. Lopez , Frias Marcelo F. 
Published: April 2014

Automatic analysis of Alloy models is supported by the Alloy Analyzer, a tool that translates an Alloy model to a propositional formula that is then analyzed using off-the-shelf SAT solvers. The translation requires user-provided bounds on the sizes of data domains. The analysis is limited by the bounds and is therefore partial. Thus, the Alloy Analyzer may not be appropriate for the analysis of critical applications where more conclusive results are necessary.
Dynamite is an extension of PVS that embeds a complete calculus for Alloy. It also includes extensions to PVS that allow one to improve the proof effort by, for instance, automatically analyzing new hypotheses with the aid of the Alloy Analyzer. Since PVS sequents may get cluttered with unnecessary formulas, we use the Alloy unsat-core extraction feature in order to refine proof sequents. An internalization of Alloy's syntax as an Alloy specification allows us to use the Alloy Analyzer for producing witnesses for proving existentially quantified formulas.
Dynamite complements the partial automatic analysis offered by the Alloy Analyzer with semi-automatic verification through theorem proving. It also improves the theorem proving experience by using the Alloy Analyzer for early error detection, sequent refinement, and witness generation.
Rekindling network protocol innovation with user-level stacks
Authors: Honda Michio , Huici Felipe , Raiciu Costin , Araujo Joao , Rizzo Luigi 
Published: April 2014

Recent studies show that more than 86% of Internet paths allow well-designed TCP extensions, meaning that it is still possible to deploy transport layer improvements despite the existence of middleboxes in the network. Hence, the blame for the slow evolution of protocols (with extensions taking many years to nbecome widely used) should be placed on end systems.
In this paper, we revisit the case for moving protocols stacks up into user space in order to ease the deployment of new protocols, extensions, or performance optimizations. We present MultiStack, operating system support for user-level protocol stacks. MultiStack runs within commodity operating systems, can concurrently host a large number of isolated stacks, has a fall-back path to the legacy host stack, and is able to process packets at rates of 10Gb/s.
We validate our design by showing that our mux/demux layer can validate and switch packets at line rate (up to 14.88 Mpps) on a 10 Gbit port using 1-2 cores, and that a proof-of-concept HTTP server running over a basic userspace TCP outperforms by 18-90% both the same server and nginx running over the kernel's stack.
Opportunities and research challenges of hybrid software defined networks
Authors: Vissicchio Stefano , Vanbever Laurent , Bonaventure Olivier 
Published: April 2014

Software Defined Networking (SDN) promises to ease design, operation and management of communication networks. However, SDN comes with its own set of challenges, including incremental deployability, robustness, and scalability. Those challenges make a full SDN deployment difficult in the short-term and possibly inconvenient in the longer-term.
In this paper, we explore hybrid SDN models that combine SDN with a more traditional networking approach based on distributed protocols. We show a number of use cases in which hybrid models can mitigate the respective limitations of traditional and SDN approaches, providing incentives to (partially) transition to SDN. Further, we expose the qualitatively diverse tradeoffs that are naturally achieved in hybrid models, making them convenient for different transition strategies and long-term network designs. For those reasons, we argue that hybrid SDN architectures deserve more attention from the scientific community.
Numerical Analysis of Nanofluids in Differentially Heated Enclosure Undergoing Orthogonal Rotation
Authors: Saleh H. , Hashim I. 
Published: April 2014

Natural convection heat transfer in a rotating, differentially heated enclosure is studied numerically in this paper. The rotating enclosure is filled with water-Ag, water-Cu, water-Al2O3, or water-TiO2nanofluids. The governing equations are in velocity, pressure, and temperature formulation and solved using the staggered grid arrangement together with MAC method. The governing parameters considered are the solid volume fraction,0.0 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.05, and the rotational speeds,3.5≤ Ω ≤ 17.5 rpm, and the centrifugal force is smaller than the Coriolis force and both forces were kept below the buoyancy force. It is found that the angular locations of the local maximums heat transfer were sensitive to rotational speeds and nanoparticles concentration. The global quantity of heat transfer rate increases about 1.5%, 1.1%, 0.8%, and 0.6% by increasing 1%ϕof the nanoparticles Ag, Cu, Al2O3, and TiO2, respectively, for the considered rotational speeds.
HMMR Maintains the Stemness and Tumorigenicity of Glioblastoma Stem-like Cells
Authors: Tilghman Jessica , Wu Hao , Sang Yingying , Shi Xiaohai , Guerrero-Cazares Hugo , Quinones-Hinojosa Alfredo , Eberhart Charles G. , Laterra John , Ying Mingyao 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) stem cells (GSC) are a subpopulation of tumor cells that display stem-like characteristics (stemness) and play unique roles in tumor propagation, therapeutic resistance, and tumor recurrence. Therapeutic targets in GSCs are a focus of increasing interest to improve GBM therapy. Here we report that the hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (HMMR) is highly expressed in GBM tumors, where it supports the self-renewal and tumorigenic potential of GSCs. HMMR silencing impairs GSC self-renewal and inhibits the expression of GSC markers and regulators. Furthermore, HMMR silencing suppresses GSC-derived tumor growth and extends the survival of mice bearing GSC xenografts. Conversely, HMMR overexpression promotes GSC self-renewal and intracranial tumor propagation. In human GBM tumor specimens, HMMR expression is correlated positively with the expression of stemness-associated markers and regulators. Our findings identify HMMR as a candidate therapeutic target to GSCs as a GBM treatment strategy. Cancer Res; 74(11); 3168–79. ©2014 AACR.
Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Expressing CXCL14 Rely upon NOS1-Derived Nitric Oxide Signaling for Their Tumor-Supporting Properties
Authors: Augsten Martin , Sjöberg Elin , Frings Oliver , Vorrink Sabine U. , Frijhoff Jeroen , Olsson Eleonor , Borg Åke , Östman Arne 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) stimulate tumor growth and metastasis. Signals supporting CAF function are thus emerging as candidate therapeutic targets in the tumor microenvironment. The chemokine CXCL14 is a potent inducer of CAF protumorigenic functions. This study is aimed at learning how the protumoral functions of CXCL14-expressing CAF are maintained. We found that the nitric oxide synthase NOS1 is upregulated in CXCL14-expressing CAF and in fibroblasts stimulated with CXCL14. Induction of Nos1 was associated with oxidative stress and occurred together with activation of NRF2 and HIF1α signaling in CXCL14-expressing CAF. Genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of NOS1 reduced the growth of CXCL14-expressing fibroblasts along with their ability to promote tumor formation following coinjection with prostate or breast cancer cells. Tumor analysis revealed reduced macrophage infiltration, with NOS1 downregulation in CXCL14-expressing CAF and lymphangiogenesis as a novel component of CXCL14-promoted tumor growth. Collectively, our findings defined key components of a signaling network that maintains the protumoral functions of CXCL14-stimulated CAF, and they identified NOS1 as intervention target for CAF-directed cancer therapy. Cancer Res; 74(11); 2999–3010. ©2014 AACR.
Inhibition of Glycosphingolipid Synthesis Ameliorates Atherosclerosis and Arterial Stiffness in Apolipoprotein E
−/−
Mice and Rabbits Fed a High-Fat and -Cholesterol Diet
Authors: Chatterjee Subroto , Bedja Djahida , Mishra Sumita , Amuzie Christine , Avolio Alberto , Kass David A. , Berkowitz Dan , Renehan Mark 
Published: April 2014

Background—
Glycosphingolipids, integral components of the cell membrane, have been shown to serve as messengers, transducing growth factor–initiated phenotypes. Here, we have examined whether inhibition of glycosphingolipid synthesis could ameliorate atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness in transgenic mice and rabbits.

Methods and Results—

Apolipoprotein E
−/−
mice (12 weeks of age; n=6) were fed regular chow or a Western diet (1.25% cholesterol, 2% fat). Mice were fed 5 or 10 mg/kg of an inhibitor of glycosphingolipid synthesis, D-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (D-PDMP), solubilized in vehicle (5% Tween-80 in PBS); the placebo group received vehicle only. At 20 and 36 weeks of age, serial echocardiography was performed to measure aortic intima-media thickening. Aortic pulse-wave velocity measured vascular stiffness. Feeding mice a Western diet markedly increased aortic pulse-wave velocity, intima-media thickening, oxidized low-density lipoprotein, Ca
2+
deposits, and glucosylceramide and lactosylceramide synthase activity. These were dose-dependently decreased by feeding D-PDMP. In liver, D-PDMP decreased cholesterol and triglyceride levels by raising the expression of SREBP2, low-density lipoprotein receptor, HMGCo-A reductase, and the cholesterol efflux genes (eg,
ABCG5
,
ABCG8
). D-PDMP affected very-low-density lipoprotein catabolism by increasing the gene expression for lipoprotein lipase and very-low-density lipoprotein receptor. Rabbits fed a Western diet for 90 days had extensive atherosclerosis accompanied by a 17.5-fold increase in total cholesterol levels and a 3-fold increase in lactosylceramide levels. This was completely prevented by feeding D-PDMP.

Conclusions—

Inhibition of glycosphingolipid synthesis ameliorates atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness in apolipoprotein E
−/−
mice and rabbits. Thus, inhibition of glycosphingolipid synthesis may be a novel approach to ameliorate atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness.
Is Daniel 11:1-19 Based on a Ptolemaic Narrative?
Authors: Scolnic Benjamin 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Daniel 11 is considered an exceptional Biblical text because of its interest in and accuracy about historical and political events in the Hellenistic world. A recent theory suggests that the author was a former Seleucid scribe; another theory posits the use of a Ptolemaic propaganda document. The approach here will be inductive, reading out from the text to adduce evidence that the author of Daniel 11 either used or reflected the attitudes of Ptolemaic narrative, not necessarily because he was pro-Ptolemaic but because it suited his anti-Antiochene purpose.
Of Roosters and Repetitio: Ambrose’s Aeterne rerum conditor
Authors: Springer Carl P.E. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
This article examines Ambrose’s use of repetitio in his morning hymn Aeterne rerum conditor. Thanks in part to a long tradition of criticism that has focused primarily on the unadorned ‘simplicity’ of the Ambrosian hymn, relatively little attention has been paid to the poet’s artful use of rhetorical figures. Aeterne rerum conditor features a rooster whose repetitive cry is replicated in the third and fourth stanzas of the hymn in a striking figure that, upon a close reading, is found to be integrally connected with the poem’s meaning and message.
Maxentius’s Crosses: CIL VIII, 18261
Authors: Cook John Granger 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
An inscription from Numidia may contribute evidence to the debate over Constantine and the end of crucifixion in the west. The text, probably on the base of a statue, was addressed to a certain Constantine, who must have been the emperor of that name. It praises him for setting aside “the crosses and cruel wars of the tyrant” a reference, it would seem, to Maxentius’s suppression of the revolt of the usurper Alexander. It is argued in this investigation that the “crosses” refer to the penalty of crucifixion and that the text of the inscription may be interpreted as evidence for the fact that Constantine and Maxentius used this penalty differently.
Transcendence Descended
Authors: Strand Svein E. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractOur worldview, the basic assumptions of and for reality, strongly influences our perception of the Gospel. Thirty years ago Paul G. Hiebert wrote about the excluded middle, arguing that his “Western” assumptions of reality prevented him from grasping the spiritual world he faced as a missionary to India. This article, written thirty years later, argues that in parts of Europe there is, rather than an exclusion of the middle, an increasing tendency to exclude the top. That is to say, there is a greater opening for spiritual realities than we saw a few decades ago, but there is also an increased reluctance to accept spiritual absolutes. There is no authority on the top of the hierarchy. A parallel to a religiosity with an excluded top is seen in the immanentist religious culture found in Japan, where God is not easily seen as transcendent from the creation. The article makes use of worldview theory and insights from Japanese culture in its argument for “transcendence descended” – that God is increasingly limited to the immanent sphere.
Between the Domestic and Agoric Somatoscape: John Chrysostom on the Appearance of Female Roman Aristocrats in the Marketplace
Authors: de Wet Chris L. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe purpose of this essay is to give an account of John Chrysostom’s views on the public appearance of female Roman aristocrats in the marketplace, and to ask what it tells us about the functioning of pastoral power. The focus is on John Chrysostom’s 28th homilyOn Hebrews. The study argues that Chrysostom’s rhetoric is aimed at pastoralizing the domestic somatoscape and manipulating thepatria potestas. The pastoralization of the household ramified various patriarchal operations in Christian households, and a potent programme of asceticization of the agoric space accompanies it. The asceticization of the agoric took place by means of a tripart campaign of metaphorization: firstly, metaphorical dedoulologization, accompanied by decosmeticization, and also psychic virginization.
Is There Anything New under the (Mediterranean) Sun? Expressions of Near Eastern Deities in the Graeco-Roman World
Authors: Miller Daniel R. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The concept of divine translatability was a prominent feature of Graeco-Roman religion. Major deities of the Greek and Roman pantheons had their origins in the ancient Near East, and the Greeks and Romans equated members of their pantheons with ancient Near Eastern divinities having similar characteristics and functions. This study employs salient examples of equations and correspondences between the Graeco-Roman and ancient Near Eastern pantheons, as well as attestations of multiple manifestations of the same deity based on function or geographic region, as a heuristic device for problematizing the issue of divine translatability in general. It is asserted that a deity is but a projection of human will, a signifier without a signified. This, in turn, locates the phenomenon of divine translatability within the realm of the subjective, making any reasonable “translation” of two or more deities as valid as any other, with no external adjudication of the matter possible.
Whose Theology? The Promise of Cognitive Theories and the Future of a Disputed Field
Authors: Roubekas Nickolas P. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractWithin a general attempt to reconceptualise theology and its position in the modern university, the paper argues that the cognitive science of religion offers a great opportunity to modern theology to engage into interdisciplinary research that could be proven especially profitable to its future. By drawing examples from contemporary Greece and a religious ritual that is disputed by the official Christian Orthodox Church as well as from historical theology and the Arian controversy in the fourth century CE, I argue that Justin Barrett’s cognitive theory of religion, known as ‘Theological Correctness’, can provide to theology a useful tool in understanding the religious beliefs of everyday believers. Without discounting other methodologies, theories, and interpretations, this paper argues that there is space for cognitive theories within theological research that could only benefit theology and its future in the twenty-first century.
Frictional Convergence in a Decaying Weak Vortex
Authors: Fuchs Željka , Herman Michael J. , Raymond David J. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Cross-isobaric flow and Ekman pumping are investigated in the frictional spindown of an initially barotropic vortex in a stratified atmosphere. Consistent with early work by Holton and others, it is found that the stratification limits the vertical penetration of the secondary circulation driven by friction, resulting in more rapid spindown than in the unstratified case. As a result, the cross-isobaric flow and Ekman pumping are weaker and shallower than classical calculations ignoring the stratification would lead one to believe. The effect of stability becomes stronger as the vortex becomes smaller for fixed boundary layer depth. For weak geostrophic vortices with horizontal scales of several hundred kilometers or less, such as tropical easterly waves, the reduction is particularly pronounced, which raises questions about the efficacy of Ekman pumping in forcing convection in such vortices. These results suggest a revised conceptual model for the role of Ekman pumping in the atmosphere. The theory as it stands is limited to weak, linear vortices in which geostrophic balance holds approximately, corresponding to small Rossby number, though extensions of the analytical theory to stronger vortices may be possible.
The Precipitation Response over the Continental United States to Cold Tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures
Authors: Wang Hailan , Schubert Siegfried 
Published: April 2014

The dominant pattern of SST variability in the Pacific during its cold phase produces pronounced precipitation deficits over the continental United States throughout the annual cycle. This study investigates the observed physical and dynamical processes through which the cold Pacific pattern affects U.S. precipitation, particularly the causes for the peak dry impacts in fall, as well as the nature of the differences between the summer and fall responses. Results show that the peak precipitation deficit over the United States during fall is primarily due to reduced atmospheric moisture transport from the Gulf of Mexico into the central and eastern United States and secondarily a reduction in local evaporation from land–atmosphere feedback. The former is associated with a strong and systematic low-level northeasterly flow anomaly over the southeastern United States that counteracts the northwest branch of the climatological North Atlantic subtropical high. The above northeasterly anomaly is maintained by both diabatic heating anomalies in the nearby intra-American seas and diabatic cooling anomalies in the tropical Pacific. In contrast, the modest summertime precipitation deficit over the central United States is mainly an intensification of the local dry anomaly in the preceding spring from local land–atmosphere feedback; the rather weak and disorganized atmospheric circulation anomalies over and to the south of the United States make little contribution. An evaluation of the NASA Seasonal-to-Interannual Prediction Project (NSIPP-1) AGCM simulations shows it to be deficient in simulating the warm season tropical convection responses over the intra-American seas to the cold Pacific pattern and thereby the precipitation responses over the United States, a problem that appears to be common to many AGCMs.
Heating plant input–output efficiency in two cold-climate institutional buildings with condensing hot water boilers
Authors: Gestwick Michael J , Kandil Alaaeldin , Love James A 
Published: April 2014

Seasonal input–output efficiencies of two heating plants with condensing boilers in cold climate institutional buildings (3300 m2 school and 12,000 m2 university building) were evaluated. Plant efficiency remained about the same or declined with load, contrary to typical lab boiler ratings, which show efficiency increasing at lower loads. These results occurred when the boilers were operated with return water temperatures largely in the condensing range. Heating plant load was often 25% or less of the rated load of a single boiler, resulting in heating plant input–output efficiencies well below rated boiler efficiencies. Practical application: In-situ boiler plant input–output efficiencies can differ widely from manufacturer's boiler efficiency curves. For applications such as simulation for energy-efficient design, effective decision-making depends on accurately estimating real-world performance.