bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Functional Improvements by Sex in Six-Minute Walk Test, Exertional Angina, and Dyspnea After Enhanced External Counterpulsation Therapy
Authors: Pecha Anton , White Brian , Yan Huimin 
Published: August 2024

Purpose:
The objective of this study was to explore functional improvements by sex for patients with refractory angina pectoris using a 6-min walk test (6MWT) after enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) therapy.

Methods:
All patients who completed EECP from 2015 to 2023 were identified for analysis retrospectively, utilizing the electronic medical record. Patients completed 35 1-hr EECP sessions 5 d/wk over 7 wk. All baseline and post-EECP intervention 6MWT, exertional angina, and dyspnea measurements were assessed on the first and last sessions, respectively. Paired and unpaired t tests and linear and stepwise multivariable regression analyses were performed.

Results:
The cohort consisted of 116 patients (24 female) with a mean age of 69 ± 13 yr. After EECP, there was a mean improvement of 128 m (72%) in distance walked during the 6MWT (P < .001) with 126 ± 91 m improvement in males and 134 ± 73 m in females. The improvement in angina and dyspnea scores was 3.5 ± 2.1 and 4.2 ± 2.4, respectively. There were no differences between the sexes for improvements in 6MWT distance, angina, or dyspnea. Univariate associations for change in 6MWT distance included body mass index (BMI; adjusted R
2 = .05) and being a nonsmoker (adjusted R
2 = .03). The only independent predictor for increasing distance during 6MWT was BMI (adjusted R
2 = .1; P = .001).

Conclusion:
Patients who have refractory angina pectoris can improve their functional capacity while simultaneously decreasing exertional angina and dyspnea using EECP. This study highlights the equal efficacy of EECP therapy for females.
Efficacy and Safety of Valbenazine in Elderly and Nonelderly Japanese Patients With Tardive Dyskinesia
Authors: Watanabe Yumi , Susuta Yutaka , Nagano Mieko , Masui Hideaki , Kanahara Nobuhisa 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
The efficacy and safety of valbenazine, a selective vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitor, has been confirmed for treatment of tardive dyskinesia (TD) in patients aged ≥65 years in non-Asian clinical trials; however, data are lacking in elderly Asian patients. This post hoc analysis of J-KINECT aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of valbenazine in elderly Japanese patients with TD.

Methods
J-KINECT was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study with a 6-week double-blind, placebo-controlled period; 42-week double-blind, valbenazine extension period; and 4-week posttreatment observation period. Outcomes were summarized by age (≥65 years [elderly] and <65 [nonelderly]) and treatment group.

Results
The safety analysis set included 100 and 153 patients aged ≥65 and <65 years, respectively (intention-to-treat set: 98 and 151 patients, respectively). In the elderly group, the difference versus placebo in least-squares mean change from baseline in the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale total score at week 6 was −3.1 (95% confidence interval: −4.5, −1.7) and −5.5 (−7.0, −3.9) with valbenazine 40 and 80 mg, respectively; in the nonelderly group, respective differences were −1.5 (−2.6, −0.4) and −2.5 (−3.6, −1.3). Both age groups showed improvement in Clinical Global Impression of Change–Tardive Dyskinesia scores with valbenazine. The incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) leading to treatment discontinuation was higher in the elderly versus nonelderly group. There was no trend toward higher incidences of TEAEs or related TEAEs in the elderly group.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that valbenazine may be used effectively and safely as a treatment for TD, even in elderly patients.
Evaluation of Semicircular Canal Function in Relapsing Polychondritis Patients With Dizziness and Sensorineural Hearing Loss Using Video Head Impulse Test
Authors: Hoshino Kimiko , Fujiwara Keishi , Morita Shinya , Fukuda Atsushi , Takeda Hideaki , Nakamaru Yuji , Homma Akihiro 
Published: August 2024

Objective
To evaluate semicircular canal function using video head impulse test (vHIT) in relapsing polychondritis (RP) patients presenting with dizziness and sensorineural hearing loss.

Study Design
Retrospective case review.

Setting
Tertiary referral center.

Patients
Three patients with RP underwent vHIT and hearing tests.

Intervention
Diagnostic.

Main Outcome Measures
The gain in vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and the presence of catch-up saccade were examined, and the correlation between semicircular canal dysfunction and hearing loss was investigated.

Results
Of the six ears, five exhibited semicircular canal dysfunction. Among these, one ear showed dysfunction in two semicircular canals, while the remaining four ears demonstrated dysfunction in all three semicircular canals. Sensorineural hearing loss, ranging from moderate to profound, was detected by pure-tone audiometry in all six ears. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between VOR gain in the horizontal semicircular canal (HSC) and hearing level.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated semicircular canal dysfunction in RP patients presenting with dizziness and hearing loss using vHIT. Moreover, a significant correlation was found between HSC dysfunction and the severity of hearing loss. While inner ear involvement is a key clinical symptom included in the diagnostic criteria for RP, there have been few reports evaluating vestibular dysfunction, and this is the first report on the evaluation of several cases using vHIT. Accurate assessment of vestibular function by vHIT may facilitate early diagnosis and intervention in RP, potentially improving patient outcomes.
Evaluation of Clinical Performance of Ponto Implantation Using a Minimally Invasive Surgical Technique—A Prospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Teunissen Emma M. , Aukema Tjerk W. , Banga Rupan , Eeg-Olofsson Måns , Hol Myrthe K. S. , Hougaard Dan D. , Tysome James R. , Johansson Martin L. , Svensson Sara , Powell Harry R. F. 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical outcomes of bone-anchored hearing implant surgery using the MONO procedure.Study DesignMulticenter, multinational, single-arm, prospective trial with a 12-month follow-up.SettingSeven European university hospitals from the United Kingdom, Sweden, Denmark, and The Netherlands.PatientsFifty-one adult patients requiring surgical intervention for bone conduction hearing.InterventionBone-anchored hearing implant surgery using the MONO procedure.Main Outcome MeasuresThe primary endpoint assessed implant usability 3 months after surgery. Implant status, soft tissue reactions, pain and numbness, postoperative events, and sound processor usage were assessed at all follow-up visits. Hearing-related quality of life was evaluated using the Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI).ResultsAt 3 months, 94.2% of the implant/abutment complexes provided reliable anchorage for sound processor usage. No severe intraoperative complications occurred. Sixty-nine percent of surgeries were performed under local anesthesia, with surgery lasting 10 minutes on average. Four implants were lost due to trauma (n = 2), spontaneous loss of osseointegration (n = 1), or incomplete insertion (n = 1). Adverse soft tissue reactions occurred in 2.6% of visits, with a maximum Holgers grade of 3 (n = 1) and grade 2 (n = 5) across patients. Hearing-related quality of life at 3 months improved in 96% of patients.ConclusionThe MONO procedure provides a safe and efficient surgical technique for inserting bone-anchored hearing implants with few and minor intra- and postoperative complications.
Protective Effect of Memantine on Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Choi Soo Jeong , Lee Soo Jin , Lee Dabin , Im Gi Jung , Jung Hak Hyun , Lee Sun-Uk , Park Euyhyun 
Published: August 2024

Hypothesis
Memantine, an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist, is widely used to treat Alzheimer's disease and has been found to have potential neuroprotective effects. In this study, we evaluated the protective effects of memantine against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.

Background
Cisplatin is a widely used anticancer drug for various cancers; however, its use is limited by its side effects, including ototoxicity. Several drugs have been developed to reduce cisplatin toxicity. In this study, we treated cisplatin-damaged cochlear hair cells with memantine and evaluated its protective effects.

Method
House Ear Institute Organ of Corti 1 (HEI-OC1) cells and cochlear explants were treated with cisplatin or memantine. Cell viability, apoptotic patterns, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, Bcl-2/caspase-3 activity, and cell numbers were measured to evaluate the anti-apoptotic and antioxidative effects of memantine.

Result
Memantine treatment significantly improved cell viability and reduced cisplatin-induced apoptosis in auditory cells. Bcl-2/caspase-3 activity was also significantly increased, suggesting anti-apoptotic effects against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that memantine protects against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in vitro, providing a potential new strategy for preventing hearing loss in patients undergoing cisplatin chemotherapy.
Efficacy and safety of deferoxamine in moderately ill COVID-19 patients: An open label, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ameri Ali , Pourseyedi Farnaz , Davoodian Parivash , Safa Omid , Hassanipour Soheil , Fathalipour Mohammad 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Deferoxamine is a potent iron chelator that could remove iron from the virus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 requires iron to replication. Also, deferoxamine has antioxidant and cytokine-modulating effects. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of deferoxamine in patients with moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods:
In this randomized controlled trial, patients with moderate COVID-19 were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the deferoxamine group (received a solution of 500 mg deferoxamine divided into 4 doses a day through a nebulizer for 7 days) and the control group. The main outcomes were viral clearance, oxygen saturation (SPO2), body temperature, and respiratory rate (RR). Intensive care unit admission, hospital length of stay, and hospital mortality were also assessed.

Results:
A total of 62 patients, with 30 in the deferoxamine group and 32 in the control group, were randomly assigned. There was no statistically significant improvement in viral clearance after the intervention ended in the deferoxamine group (36.7%) compared to the control group (34.4%). The results showed there was no significant difference between the analyzed groups in terms of SPO2, body temperature, RR, and the number of patients with a worse prognosis (SPO2 < 96%, temperature ≥ 37.5 °C, or RR ≥ 16/min) at the end of the study. There were no significant differences seen between the groups in terms of intensive care unit admission, hospital length of stay, hospital mortality, and the occurrence of adverse medication events during the follow-up period.

Conclusion:
Deferoxamine had no significant impact on improving moderately ill patients with COVID-19. However, it was well-tolerated in the patients, and this intervention demonstrated a safe profile of adverse events.
PD-1 inhibitor combined with SBRT, GM-CSF, and thymosin alpha-1 in metastatic breast cancer: A case report and literature review
Authors: Yu Jiamin , Wang Qiang , Wang Lijun , Zong Dan , He Xia 
Published: August 2024

Rationale:
Triple-negative breast cancer is characterized by a worse prognosis compared with other breast cancer subtypes, especially in the case of pretreated metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). Because of the limited treatment options and suboptimal response rates, there is a pressing need to explore novel treatment protocols.

Patient concerns:
A 48-year-old female patient diagnosed with mTNBC who had not responded to multiple lines of therapy (including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy) but demonstrated significant efficacy and abscopal effects after enrolling in our clinical trial.

Diagnoses:
Triple-negative breast cancer with lung metastases.

Interventions:
The clinical trial combined stereotactic body radiotherapy, immunotherapy, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and thymosin alpha-1 to treat previously treated metastatic solid cancers.

Outcomes:
This combined treatment regimen implemented in this clinical trial yielded the patient’s notable efficacy, accompanied by abscopal effects. The target lesion and the 3 observed lesions achieved a partial response according to the RECIST v1.1 criteria. reevaluation scans after 2 cycles of immunotherapy indicated a regression rate of −78.97% for the target lesion and −56.73% for the observed lesions. Hematological indexes were stable, and there was no apparent myelosuppression. Also, the tumor marker CA-199 exhibited a downward trend. During the course of treatment, the patient experienced a grade 2 skin reaction, which improved after receiving antiallergic treatment. No further adverse effects were observed.

Lessons:
This treatment regimen may offer a promising treatment strategy for patients with mTNBC and other metastatic solid cancers.
Two delayed-diagnosis case reports of long-lasting thrombocytopenia with splenomegaly
Authors: Chen Bing , Dai Wenchu , Xu Yuni , Wang Feng , Liu Jinlin 
Published: August 2024

Rationale:
Gaucher disease (GD) is a rare hereditary lysosomal storage disorder disease progression and inappropriate treatment. However, not all patients with GD receive timely diagnosis and treatment.

Patient concerns:
Early diagnosis is important for initiating proper treatment and preventing complications.

Diagnoses:
Two patients were diagnosed as GD in this study.

Interventions and outcomes:
These 2 patients received the imiglucerase enzyme replacement and symptoms significantly improved by the follow-up.

Lessons:
Herein, we report 2 patients with a delayed diagnosis of GD to increase awareness and improve education regarding rare diseases. However, noninvasive β-glucocerebrosidase activity or GBA gene testing had not been done before bone marrow aspiration, which are the noninvasive and reliable tests that indicate the diagnosis of GD.
A study on the impact of gargling with compound Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi on oral health and microflora changes in fixed orthodontic patients: An experimental study
Authors: Zhang Peng , Chen Shen Guo , Wang Jia Ting , Wang Jin Dong , Chen Zai Hong , Lin Hai Sheng 
Published: August 2024

Purpose:
To investigate the effect of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi gargle on oral health and changes in oral bacteria among orthodontic patients.

Methods:
About 110 cases of oral fixed orthodontic patients were screened from January 2020 to June 2022 at Taizhou Hospital in Zhejiang Province. They were randomly divided into the experimental group (receiving compound S. baicalensis Georgi gargle once a day) and the control group (receiving 0.9% NS gargle once a day), with 55 cases in each group. Gingival samples were collected from both groups before and 3 months after the orthodontic surgery for bacterial culture, and the differences between the 2 groups of patients in Plaque Index (PLI), gingival bleeding index (sBl), and periodontal depth (PD) before and after the operation were compared. Results: The detection levels of PLI, PD, and sBI in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (P < .05) 3 months after orthodontic surgery (P < .05); after orthodontic correction for 3 months, there was a significant difference in coccus, bacillus, Campylobacter, Clostridium, Helicobacter, and filamentous bacteria between the experimental group and the control group (P < .05); and Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides forsythus (B.f), and Agglomerata actinomycetes in the 2 groups were statistically significant after 3 months of orthodontic treatment (P < .05).

Conclusion subsections:
In fixed orthodontic treatment, S. baicalensis Georgi gargle can effectively inhibit oral pathogens and maintain periodontal health.
Navigating complex cardiac complications: A case report of alcoholic cardiomyopathy and right atrial thrombosis
Authors: Abboud Fares , Nakhal Ranim , Alshwaiki Afif , Hanna Majd , Ishkhan Khachig 
Published: August 2024

Rationale:
Alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is associated with various cardiac complications, but the development of isolated right atrial (RA) thrombus without deep vein thrombosis is rare and presents diagnostic challenges.

Patient concerns:
A 53-year-old Hispanic male presented with shortness of breath, chills, cough, bilateral lower extremity edema, and distended abdomen.

Diagnoses:
The patient was diagnosed with ACM, liver cirrhosis, and a large RA thrombus. Initial transthoracic echocardiography showed severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction but failed to detect the RA mass. Subsequent computed tomography scan and transesophageal echocardiography revealed a large oval mass in the RA, measuring 40 mm × 22 mm × 18 mm.

Interventions:
The patient received guideline-directed medical therapy for heart failure and anticoagulation with enoxaparin. He underwent cardiac catheterization for mechanical thrombectomy, which was minimally successful.

Outcomes:
The patient’s condition was managed with the prescribed interventions. Regular follow-up was planned to assess thrombolysis.

Lessons:
RA thrombosis is an uncommon complication of ACM. A multimodal imaging approach, with a low threshold for transesophageal echocardiography, is crucial in evaluating patients with ACM who present with cardiac complications. This approach enables accurate diagnosis and management of rare conditions like isolated RA thrombosis.
Gitelman syndrome with primary hyperparathyroidism: A case report
Authors: Yu Shanshen , Sun Jia , Mou Lijun 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Gitelman syndrome (GS) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited salt-losing tubulopathy, typically devoid of hypercalcemia. Herein, we described one patient of GS presenting with hypercalcemia concomitant with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).

Methods:
On September 28, 2020, a middle-aged female patient was admitted to our hospital with a 12-year history of hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia. Laboratory examinations unveiled hypokalemia with renal potassium wasting, hypomagnesemia, metabolic alkalosis, hypocalciuria, and gene sequencing revealed a homozygous mutation in SLC12A3 (c.179C > T [p.T60M]). Subsequently, the diagnosis of GS was confirmed. In addition, the patient exhibited hypercalcemia and elevated levels of parathyroid hormone. Parathyroid ultrasound revealed left parathyroid hyperplasia, consistent with PHPT. Following aggressive treatment with potassium chloride and magnesium oxide, her serum potassium rose to 3.23 mmol/L, serum magnesium was 0.29 mmol/L, and her joint pain was relieved.

Results:
Based on the patient’s medical history, laboratory findings, and gene sequencing results, the definitive diagnosis was GS concomitant with PHPT.

Conclusion:
PHPT should be taken into consideration when patients diagnosed with GS exhibit hypercalcemia. While the serum potassium level readily exceeded the target threshold, correcting hypomagnesemia proved challenging, primarily because PHPT augments urinary magnesium excretion.
Treatment Complications Associated With Hospital Admission in Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients
Authors: McLaughlin Laura , Chrusciel Timothy , Khemthong Usa 
Published: August 2024

Background
Oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) survivorship is a nursing priority because patients are living longer while significant short-term and long-term treatment complications that require nursing care are increasing. Hospital readmission is costly and reflects the quality of care patients receive.

Objectives
This secondary analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of treatment complications resulting in hospital admissions among persons with OPC and examine the relationship between treatment complications resulting in hospital admission among persons with OPC and all other persons with head and neck cancer.

Methods
Using the National Inpatient Survey 2008–2019 database, we identified persons with relevant head and neck cancer diagnoses using specific International Classification of Disease ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes. Complications were operationalized by diagnosis-related codes; persons with codes for major elective surgery were excluded as our focus was posttreatment symptoms requiring hospitalization. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize persons with OPC hospitalized between 2008 and 2019. Binary logistic regression was used to assess complications using crude comparisons. The Elixhauser Comorbidity Index was used for controlling for comorbidities.

Results
The final analysis samples included 751,533: 164,770 persons with OPC and 586,763 with other head and cancers. The most prevalent diagnoses observed in those with OPC were esophagitis, nutrition disorder, hematological disorder, and renal failure; the least common diagnoses were sepsis, respiratory tract infection, and pneumonia. Binary regression revealed that persons with OPC experienced significantly more esophagitis, nutrition disorders, hematological disorders, and renal failure compared to persons with other head and neck cancers.

Discussion
Treatment of survivors of OPC requires more intensive monitoring for early symptoms associated with treatment, including esophagitis, nutrition disorders, bleeding disorders, and renal failure, than persons with other head and neck cancers. Monitoring laboratory values and clinical manifestations of these conditions is imperative. Nurses may encounter persons with OPC in emergency departments, outpatient radiology, or inpatient general medicine floors to manage swallowing difficulties, dehydration, malnutrition, and bleeding. Delayed or ineffective treatment of these conditions contributes to readmission, financial burden, and impairment of patient’s quality of life. Future research should investigate the relationship between targeted treatment for expected complications and readmission rates in persons with OPC.
Anti-inflammatory diets
Authors: Day Mercedes , Sing Erin , Spencer Michelle , Moellenberg Kara , Mello Inola , Moore Amy 
Published: August 2024

Abstract:
This article reviews inflammatory versus anti-inflammatory foods, autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, the benefits of specific anti-inflammatory diets, and strategies for nurses to partner with individuals, while considering culture and food preferences, to promote healthy eating habits and prevent diseases.