Abstract 414: Plectin modulates invasion and metastasis in prostate cancer.
Authors: Burch Tanya C. , Watson Megan T. , Nyalwidhe Julius O. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Introduction:
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent cancer among men and the third most common cause of cancer related-deaths. Distant metastasis represents the major lethal cause of prostate cancer. The most critical clinical challenge in the management of the patients is identifying those individuals at risk of developing metastatic disease. Our long term objective is to identify the molecules and characterize the mechanisms that are involved in PCa metastasis. The identification of biomarkers for predicting the susceptibility of men to develop metastasis and understanding the mechanisms of metastasis will potentially better discriminate the more aggressive metastatic forms of the disease and provide better treatment and clinical management opportunities.
Methods:
We have analyzed protein expression in two syngeneic prostate cancer cells lines with different metastatic potentials (PC3-N2, lowly metastatic; PC3-ML2, highly metastatic) using high throughput quantitative mass spectrometry. Validations of the most significantly differentially expressed proteins were done by western blot, qRT-PCR and characterization of the target proteins was carried out by performing siRNA knockdowns, proliferation assays and invasion assays, flow cytometry western blot and Immunofluorescence assays.
Results: We identified 130 proteins that were differentially expressed between PC3-N2 and PC3-ML2 cell lines. Out of these, 68 proteins were found to be significantly up-regulated while 62 are significantly down-regulated in PC3-ML2 cells compared with PC3-N2 cells. Plectin was the most significantly upregulated protein in the proteomics experiments and this was validated by Western blot, confocal microscopy and immunohistochemistry. SiRNA knockdown of plectin suppresses the invasive and migratory capacity of the highly metastatic PC3-ML2 cells and results in the modulation of various signal transduction pathways. To our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate that up-regulation of plectin positively correlates with the invasion and metastasis of androgen-independent PCa cells.
Conclusions: We have identified several proteins including plectin that are differentially expressed in prostate cancer cell lines with different metastatic potentials. Furthermore, these results suggest that plectin plays a role in the progression and metastasis of PCa. Plectin regulates protein kinase activation, as well as receptor signaling cascades, and recently plectin was identified as a putative biomarker in pancreatic cancer. These findings are currently being validated using disease stratified tissue microarrays to determine the expression patterns in PCa patients. Further studies are focusing on uncovering the mechanisms responsible for progression and metastasis of PCa that are modulated by plectin. These could assist in the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for the disease.
Citation Format: Tanya C. Burch, Megan T. Watson, Julius O. Nyalwidhe. Plectin modulates invasion and metastasis in prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 414. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-414