bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Efficacy and safety of atypical antipsychotic drug treatment for dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tan Lin , Tan Lan , Wang Hui-Fu , Wang Jun , Tan Chen-Chen , Tan Meng-Shan , Meng Xiang-Fei , Wang Chong , Yu Jin-Tai 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Introduction
A wide variety of atypical antipsychotic drugs (risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, aripiprazole, ziprasidone and clozapine) are widely used in the management of neuropsychiatric symptoms, which are commonly seen in dementia, but results from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy and safety of these agents are conflicting. We aimed to quantify the efficacy and safety of atypical antipsychotic drugs on neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia patients.

Methods
PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for reports published before August 2014 were searched for eligible randomized controlled trials of atypical antipsychotic drugs therapy in patients with psychotic symptoms of dementia. Two reviewers independently assessed the quality of the trials and extracted information.

Results
Overall, 23 relevant RCTs with 5,819 participants were identified. This meta-analysis demonstrated a significant efficacy of atypical antipsychotics on psychiatric symptoms and cognitive functions compared to placebo. In the meta-analysis, the weighted mean differences (WMDs) in change scores for psychiatric symptoms were in favor of aripiprazole (−4.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) – 7.04 to −1.77) and risperidone (−1.48, 95% CI −2.35 to −0.61) compared to placebo. In cognitive effects, WMDs in change scores for the Clinical Global Impression-Change (CGI-C) were in favor of aripiprazole, risperidone, olanzapine and quetiapine which ranged from a −0.30 points mean difference (95% CI:-0.59 to −0.01) in the aripiprazole trials to −0.43 (95% CI:-0.62 to −0.25) in the risperidone group. Patients receiving atypical antipsychotics showed no difference in risk for injuries or falls (P > 0.05), significantly higher risks (P < 0.05) for somnolence, urinary tract infection, edema and abnormal gait. However, there was no significant evidence for death reported.

Conclusion
Aripiprazole and risperidone are able to improve psychiatric symptoms and slow decline in cognition function at average 12 weeks in patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia. However, high adverse events may offset the efficacy of atypical antipsychotics in dementia.
Potential therapeutic effect of Allium cepa L. and quercetin in a murine model of Blomia tropicalis induced asthma
Authors: Oliveira Tatiane Teixeira , Campos Keina Maciele , Cerqueira-Lima Ana Tereza , Cana Brasil Carneiro Tamires , da Silva Velozo Eudes , Ribeiro Melo Ingrid Christie Alexandrino , Figueiredo Eugênia Abrantes , de Jesus Oliveira Eduardo , de Vasconcelos Darizy Flávia Silva Amorim , Pontes-de-Carvalho Lain Carlos , Alcântara-Neves Neuza Maria , Figueiredo Camila Alexandrina 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundAsthma is an inflammatory condition characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and chronic inflammation. The resolution of inflammation is an essential process to treat this condition. In this study we investigated the effect ofAllium cepaL. extract (AcE) and quercetin (Qt) on cytokine and on smooth muscle contractionin vitroand its therapeutic potential in a murine model of asthma.MethodsAcE was obtained by maceration ofAllium cepaL. and it was standardized in terms of quercetin concentration using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).In vitro, using AcE 10, 100 or 1000 μg/ml or Qt 3.5, 7.5, 15 μg/ml, we measured the concentration of cytokines in spleen cell culture supernatants, and the ability to relax tracheal smooth muscle from A/J mice.In vivo,Blomia tropicalis(BT)-sensitized A/J mice were treated with AcE 100, 1000 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg Qt. We measured cell influx in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) in lungs, serum levels of Bt-specific IgE, cytokines levels in BAL, and lung histology.ResultsWe observed a reduction in the production of inflammatory cytokines, a relaxation of tracheal rings, and a reduction in total number of cells in BAL and EPO in lungs by treatment with AcE or Qt.ConclusionAcE and Qt have potential as antiasthmatic drugs, as they possess both immunomodulatory and bronchodilatory properties.
Metabolic effects of newly synthesized phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor 6-[4-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-4-oxobutoxy]-4-methylquinolin-2(1H)-one on rat adipocytes
Authors: Alinejad Bagher , Shafiee-Nick Reza , Sadeghian Hamid , Ghorbani Ahmad 
Published: February 2015

Abstract

Background
Clinical use of selective PDE3 inhibitors as cardiotonic agents is limited because of their chronotropic and lipolytic side effects. In our previous work, we synthesized a new PDE3 inhibitor named MC2 (6-[4-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-4-oxobutoxy]-4-methylquinolin-2(1H)-one) which produced a high positive inotropic action with a negative chronotropic effect. This work was done to evaluate the effects of MC2 on adipocytes and compare its effects with those of amrinone and cilostamide.

Methods
Preadipocytes were isolated from rat adipose tissue and differentiated to adipocyte in the presence of cilostamide, amrinone or MC2. Lipolysis and adipogenesis was evaluated by measuring glycerol level and Oil Red O staining, respectively. Adipocyte proliferation and apoptosis were determined with MTT assay and Annexin V/PI staining, respectively.

Results
Differentiation to adipocyte was induced by amrinone but not by cilostamide or MC2. Basal and isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis significantly increased by cilostamide (p < 0.05). Similarly, amrinone enhanced the stimulated lipolysis (p < 0.01). On the other hand, MC2 significantly decreased both adipogenesis (p < 0.05) and stimulated lipolysis (p < 0.001). Also, incubation of differentiated adipocytes with MC2 caused the loss of cell viability, which was associated with the elevation in apoptotic rate (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Our data indicate that selective PDE3 inhibitors produce differential effects on adipogenesis and lipolysis. MC2 has proapoptotic and antilipolytic effects on adipocytes and does not stimulate adipogenesis. Therefore, in comparison with the clinically available selective PDE3 inhibitors, MC2 has lowest metabolic side effects and might be a good candidate for treatment of congestive heart failure.
Violent and non-violent crime against adults with severe mental
illness
Authors: Khalifeh H. , Johnson S. , Howard L. M. , Borschmann R. , Osborn D. , Dean K. , Hart C. , Hogg J. , Moran P. 
Published: February 2015

BackgroundLittle is known about the relative extent of crime against people with
severe mental illness (SMI).AimsTo assess the prevalence and impact of crime among people with SMI
compared with the general population.MethodA total of 361 psychiatric patients were interviewed using the national
crime survey questionnaire, and findings compared with those from 3138
general population controls participating in the contemporaneous national
crime survey.ResultsPast-year crime was experienced by 40% of patients v.
14% of controls (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.8, 95% CI 2.0–3.8); and
violent assaults by 19% of patients v. 3% of controls
(adjusted OR = 5.3, 95% CI 3.1–8.8). Women with SMI had four-, ten- and
four-fold increases in the odds of experiencing domestic, community and
sexual violence, respectively. Victims with SMI were more likely to
report psychosocial morbidity following violence than victims from the
general population.ConclusionsPeople with SMI are at greatly increased risk of crime and associated
morbidity. Violence prevention policies should be particularly focused on
people with SMI.
Peran Gender dalam Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Putra Aris Try Andreas 
Published: February 2015

Masalah gender merupakan isu yang sering didiskusikan pada semua aspek kehidupan, termasuk didalamnya pendidikan Islam. Istilah gender bukan hanya ditujukan kepada perempuan semata, tetapi juga kepada laki-laki. Secara faktual, perempuan mengalami posisi termarginalkan, sehingga pembahasan ini lebih banyak pada hak-hak perempuan. Sebaliknya, laki-laki dianggap berbagai orang yang memiliki tingkatan lebih tinggi di berbagai aspek kehidupan. Kesetaraan gender diharapkan dapat mendorong perubahan kerangka berpikir dalam berbagai segmen kehidupan sosial. Gender ditentukan oleh sejumlah faktor, diwujudkan, disosialisasikan, dan diimplementasikan melalui sosial dan agama. Pendidikan Islam di Indonesia diberikan kepada seluruh warga Negara. Artikel ini merupakan penjelasan tentang peran gender dalam pendidikan Islam di Indonesia.
An Estimate of the Average Number of Recessive Lethal Mutations Carried by Humans
Authors: Gao Ziyue , Waggoner Darrel , Stephens Matthew , Ober Carole , Przeworski Molly 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe effects of inbreeding on human health depend critically on the number and severity of recessive, deleterious mutations carried by individuals. In humans, existing estimates of these quantities are based on comparisons between consanguineous and nonconsanguineous couples, an approach that confounds socioeconomic and genetic effects of inbreeding. To overcome this limitation, we focused on a founder population that practices a communal lifestyle, for which there is almost complete Mendelian disease ascertainment and a known pedigree. Focusing on recessive lethal diseases and simulating allele transmissions, we estimated that each haploid set of human autosomes carries on average 0.29 (95% credible interval [0.10, 0.84]) recessive alleles that lead to complete sterility or death by reproductive age when homozygous. Comparison to existing estimates in humans suggests that a substantial fraction of the total burden imposed by recessive deleterious variants is due to single mutations that lead to sterility or death between birth and reproductive age. In turn, comparison to estimates from other eukaryotes points to a surprising constancy of the average number of recessive lethal mutations across organisms with markedly different genome sizes.
Optimization–Based Coupling of Nonlocal and Local Diffusion Models
Authors: D’Elia Marta , Bochev Pavel B. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTIn this work we introduce an optimization–based method for the coupling of nonlocal and local diffusion problems. Our approach is formulated as a control problem where the states are the solutions of the nonlocal and local equations, the controls are the nonlocal volume constraint and the local boundary condition, and the objective of the optimization is a matching functional for the state variables in the intersection of the nonlocal and local domains. For finite element discretizations we present numerical results in a one–dimensional setting; though preliminary, our tests show the consistency and efficacy of the method, and provide the basis for realistic simulations.
Evaluationof fracture toughness ofalpha-Nb5Si3 by micro-sized cantilever beam testing
Authors: Suzuki Shiori , Sekido Nobuaki , Ohmura Takahito , Miura Seiji 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTA micro-sized fracture testing method has been applied to investigate fracture toughness of alpha-Nb5Si3. Chevron-notched single crystal specimens with a size of 3 x 3 x 15 μm3 were prepared in a grain of polycrystalline alpha-Nb5Si3 by focused ion beam, FIB, technique. Fracture tests were conducted using a nanoindenter at room temperature and linear load-displacement curves and smooth fracture surfaces were obtained. This fracture behavior was presumed to be brittle fracture similar to bulk alpha-Nb5Si3. The average of fracture toughness KQ is 3.45 ± 0.29 MPa√m under a small-scale yielding condition.
Features of developing motive flairs for boys 6—7 classes
Authors: Соляник І. Є. 
Published: February 2015

Research aim — to define age-related features of developing motive flairs for boys 6—7 classes. Research methods. In-process used: theoretical analysis of literary data, pedagogical testing, methods of mathematical statistics.Conclusions. Level of motive and functional preparedness of boys 6—7 classes are estimated below the average. The results of cross-correlation analysis testify to the necessity of the accented development of relative force for the boys of sixth class and improvement functional to preparedness boys of seventh class. The worked out standard scale of estimation gives an opportunity to define the level of preparedness of schoolchildren and weak results in separate test exercises, to orientate personally each on self-perfection of motive preparedness.
Interactive technique of control and improving tactical thinking of volleyball players
Authors: Артеменко Б. О. , Глазирін І. Д. 
Published: February 2015

Goal: To develop and experimentally test an interactive technique for the diagnosis and control of tactical thinking volleyball players of different ages.Materials and Methods. The following scientific methods were used during the research: analysis, synthesis, systematization of scientific and science-method literature, publication, computer testing of psycho-physiological functions. The research was conducted on the SC “Sumykhimprom” base, Sumy city, the participant of Ukraine Championships among Super League teams and “SumDU” VC, Sumy city, a volleyball team on the base of Sumy State University, a representative of Ukraine Championships among the teams of Higher League. The study involved 42 players of different sports categories from youth to masters of sports and in terms at the age of 14-34 participated in the research. Results. The players 14-15 age are found to have 12,91±1,71% index of tactic thinking in offense and 14,16±0,83% – in defense. Volleyball players aged 16-17 age are found to have 23,16±1,41% index of tactic thinking in offense and 22,44±1,61% – in defense. Volleyball players aged 18-19 age are found to have 39,44±1,75% index of tactic thinking in offense and 38,33±2,35% – in defense that differ reliably from the indexes of volleyball players of 16-17 age (р<0.05). Volleyball players aged 20-22 age are found to have 57±2% index of tactic thinking in offense and 56±1,28% – in defense that differ reliably from the indexes of volleyball players of 18-19 age (р<0.05). Volleyball players aged 24 and older are found to have 64,44±1,27 % index of tactic thinking in offense and 59,27±2,13% – in defense. Conclusions. These features of tactical thinking volleyball players of all ages in offense and in defense is primarily due to the difference of playing experience and different levels of competitive activity.
Prophylaxis of traumatism of judoists-veterans at the stage of leaving the sport of higher achievements
Authors: Перебійніс В. Б. 
Published: February 2015

The article is devoted the scientific issue of the day of prophylaxis of traumatism of judoists-veterans at the stage leaving the sport of higher achievements. Classification of traumas is presented in veteran judo. Risk factors as starting mechanism of trauma origin are exposed: age, sex, skills level, previous traumas, weight decrease before the competition, health state deviations, defects in a general physical training, fatigue. Three groups of renewal facilities have been considered: pedagogical, medical, biological and psychological. The necessity of prospective estimating the level of traumas in judo competitions and trainings among the veterans has been grounded in order to research the risk factors. The changes in the rules of veteran judo have been offered taking into consideration the epidemiology information of traumatism, and in further researches it is necessary to estimate the efficiency of the changes brought in and other prophylactic steps. judo; traumatism; judoist-veteran; prophylaxis; trauma; health; sport
Spina bifida in surgically treated infants in Sarajevo region of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Aličelebić Selma , Agović Ermin 
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Spina bifida is a congenital anomaly characterized by incomplitnes of vertebral arches in the medial line which occurs in 3rd and 4th month of intrauterine life. It is often associated with other congenital malformations, but hydrocephalus and Chiary II malformation are the most frequent. Aim: The aim of this work was to obtain the frequency of surgical cases of spina bifida treated at the Clinic for Neurosurgery, ClinicalCenter University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.Methods: Retrospective study was carried out on the basis of the clinical records during the period January 2005. to December 2008. Standard methods of descriptive statistics were performed for the data analysis. Results: A total of 31spina bifida cases were surgically treated in the period from 2005. through 2008. Out of that number 14 (48.2%) were female patients, while 17 (54.8%) were male patients; sex ratio – 1.21:1. The most common type of spina bifida was myelomeningocele, treated in 24 surgical patients (77.45%), and the most common location was thoracolumbal part of the vertebral column, treated in 13 patients (41.91%).Conclusion: Anomalies associated with spina bifida were present in 19 patients (61.3%). Hydrocephalus, in 18 patients (58.05%) and Chiary II malformation, in 5 cases (16.13%) were the most frequent anomalies associated with spina bifida.
Awareness and attitude of secondary school students about drug use
Authors: Branković Suada , Šegalo Mersa , Pašalić Arzija , Mahmutović Jasmina , Jaganjac Amila , Čustović-Hadžimuratović Amra , Vreto Elisa 
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Problem of addiction on psychoactive substances is one of the most diffi cult problems in a modern society, which brings serious consequences, both for the individual, his environment and the whole society.Methods: The study included 95 children and adolescents of medical school. Among the respondents, there were 44 subjects of third year of high school and 51 respondent-grader.Results: Students involved in this research as an answer to why young people start using drugs often reported curiosity in over 50% of cases, as well as pressure of friends. For students who use narkotine respondents generally thought they are reasonable and sufficiently weak and limited personality. Thelargest number of high school students who were involved in the study did not know the individuals who use drugs.Conclusion: Drug addiction is a serious problem all over the country, and the number of addicts is becoming larger. Particularly worrisome is the fact that the consumption of the drug phenomenon is a characteristic of young population, especially high school students
Use of colposcopy for detection of squamous intraepithelial lesions
Authors: Omeragić Feđa , Tulumović Azur , Iljazovic Ermina , Adzajlic Amela , Suko Alija , Mešić-Đogic Larisa , Perendija Vladimir 
Published: February 2015

Introduction Pap smear, the main tool of cervical cancer screening is not always available, but some patients are in urgent need for proper diagnostic. Aim of this article was to investigate accuracy of colposcopy for detection of squamous intraepithelial lesions of low or high grade (LGSIL, HGSIL) and to promote colposcopy as useful tool for detection of patients in need for immediate further diagnostics. Methods Prospective multicentric study performed in B&H in 2012 -2013 included 87 patients with colposcopic images related to squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) who formed experimental group: 56 patients with colposcopic images related to LGSIL and 31 patients related to HGSIL. Control group included 50 patients without colposcopic abnormalities. To test accuracy of colposcopy, PAP smear and histology were used. For statistical analysis χ2 was used.Results 94.5% patients in experimental group had abnormal PAP test: 64.3% correlated to LGSIL (χ2= 60.48 P < 0.0001), while 64.5% correlated to HGSIL (χ2 = 54.23 P<0.0001) Odds Ratio = 490; 95% CI = 42.024 to 5713.304). HGSIL was confirmed in 27 (87%) cases by histology (CIN II /CIN III). There were no statistically significant differences between colposcopic finding and histology results (Yates-corrected χ2 = 0.33 P = .5637)Conclusions This study showed high level of correlation between colposcopy and PAP results (63-64%) and to histology for HGSIL (87%). In absence of PAP test colposcopy could be used to select patients in need for biopsy.
The evaluation of B-type Natriuretic Peptide and Troponin I in acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina
Authors: Serdarevic Nafija , Durak-Nalbantic Azra 
Published: February 2015

Introduction: The diagnostic utility of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has prompted interest in its use as an aid in the detection of early heart failure and assessment of diseases. The first objective of this study was measurement of BNP and troponin I (TnI) blood levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and unstable angina. The second objective of this study was to find a correlation between TnI and BNP in blood.Methods: The concentrations of BNP and TnI in 150 blood levels were determined using CMIA (chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay) Architect and 2000 (Abbott diagnostics). The retrospective study included 100 patients who were hospitalized at the Department of Internal Medicine of the University Clinical Center Sarajevo and 50 healthy control. The reference blood range of BNP is 0-100 pg/mL and TnI is 0.00-0.4 ng/mL.Results: In the patients with AMI the mean value of BNP is 764.48 ± 639.52 pg/mL and TnI is 2.50 ± 2.28ng/mL. The patients with unstable angina have BNP 287.18 ± 593.20 pg/mL and TnI 0.10 ± 0.23 ng/mL. Our studies have shown that the correlation between BNP and TnI was statistically significant for p< 0.05 using Student t test with correlation coefficient r = 0.36. Conclusions: BNP and TnI levels can help to identify the patients with a high risk for cardiovascular diseases.
Modeling Borehole Radar by Finite-difference Time-domain in Conductive Sandstone
Authors: Ma Chunguang , Zhao Qing , Wang Likai , Liu Shuzhang 
Published: February 2015

Three-dimensional (3-D) numerical simulations combined with field experiments to study the radar wave responses in a sandstone formation are described. A borehole radar system was used to perform GPR surveys in a conductive sandstone. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) modeling is an economical and efficient method to analyze and interpret the experimental results. Using a priori information of the test site and the instrument parameters, a 3-D FDTD code based on perfectly matched layer (PML) boundary conditions was adopted to establish simulation models to study the conductivity impact on the radar response. In the single-hole reflection models, under the condition of σ/(ωε) << 1, a borehole radar can detect targets several meters away from the borehole. In this case, the amplitude attenuation of the radar wave changes linearly as the conductivity increases. However, the detecting capability declines rapidly for the two-way attenuation. The cross-hole tomography simulations are in accordance with the result of the tomography survey, which indicates that the conductivity of the site is about 0.015 S/m to 0.02 S/m, and the attenuation coefficient is between 8.9 dB/m and 11.8 dB/m. The reflected wave of the targets, a cliff and another borehole, cannot clearly be identified in the single-hole reflection image. This is supported by the tomographic image, which illustrates that the radar wave attenuation is significant in the sandstone formation. Therefore, the borehole radar system cannot detect the targets in this highly conductive sandstone.