bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voltammetric Behavior of Semicarbazide at Graphene Modified Electrode and Application to Detection
Authors: Zhang Xuzhi , Gu Xiaolei , Qu Keming , Zhao Changzhi 
Published: March 2014

AbstractHerein voltammetric behaviors of semicarbazide (SEM) are investigated by employing a graphene modified working electrode, which displays attractive electroanalytical properties. In the acetate buffer solution of pH 4.00, there is a well‐defined oxidative peak of SEM, attributing to the irreversible and adsorption‐controlled electrode reaction with 2 electrons participation. The values of apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant k′s with the redox are 0.0061 s−1 and 0.0009 s−1, respectively, for two scan rate section. After the experimental parameters, which influence the voltammetric responses of SEM, including supporting electrolyte, pH, accumulation time and accumulation potential, etc., are optimized, it is found that the anodic peak current of SEM is proportional to its concentration in the range of 4 ‐ 40 μmol/L with a detection limit of 1 μmol/L (S/N = 3). Then, an electrochemical method for detecting SEM quantitatively is developed successfully. The concentrations of SEM in fortified tap water samples are tested with satisfactory recovery, indicating that the novel method is strongly promising in the environmental monitoring application.
Removal of Mercury Using Novel Lamella Carbonate Sorbent at Elevated Temperature Conditions
Authors: Yu Ching‐Tsung , Cheng Han‐Wen , Chen Yi‐Lin 
Published: March 2014

AbstractCarbonaceous fuel combustion has increased such that approximately 80% of current global Hg emissions originate from anthropogenic sources, particularly from coal‐fired plants and incinerators. Accordingly, the development of effective Hg scrubbing methods that enable cleaner industrial processes is of great significance to human health. Because of the weak physical adsorption of Hg at ambient temperatures, numerous sorbents are required for its removal via processes such as electrostatic precipitation, selective catalytic reduction, flue gas desulfurization, and activated carbon injection. Alternatively, capturing Hg at elevated temperatures has numerous advantages such as high capacity and the avoidance of the diffusion of Hg species throughout the process. Herein, we report the preparation of a novel sorbent with a layered structure, (Mg3‐x, Mx)‐Al‐CO3, via the coprecipitation of Mg2+, M2+, and Al3+ in an alkaline solution of NaOH/Na2CO3, where M2+ = Cu2+ or Zn2+. In a fixed‐bed reactor, the Hg removal rate R notably increased at elevated temperatures (200‐300 °C) and was enhanced by a factor of 10 via the incorporation of M2+ in Mg‐Al‐CO3. These results demonstrate the potential of such synthetic Hg sorbents under medium‐high temperature conditions.
Light‐ and Redox‐Gated Molecular Brakes Consisting of a Pentiptycene Rotor and an Indole Pad
Authors: Kao Chen‐Yi , Lee I‐Tsun , Prabhakar Ch. , Yang Jye‐Shane 
Published: March 2014

AbstractTwo photochemically and electrochemically active alkenes 3Me and 3An containing pentiptycene and indole groups have been synthesized and investigated as light and/or redox‐gated molecular brakes. The pentiptycene group functions as the four‐bladed rotor, the indole group as the brake pad, and the vinylene group as the switch module. The E configuration corresponds to the brake‐off state, in which the rotation of the rotor is free with a rotation rate of 108‐109 at ambient temperature according to DFT calculations. The Z configuration corresponds to the brake‐on state, in which the rotation rate is decreased to 101‐102, depending on the N‐substituent of indole, according to line‐shape analysis of variable temperature 13C NMR spectra. The overall braking effect reaches a factor of 106‐108. While the combined photochemical E → Z and electrochemical Z → E switching has a higher capacity than the two‐way photochemical switching in the case of 3Me, the switching capacity are comparable for the two methods in 3An. The results also show that photochemical E‐Z isomerization is much more reliable than the electrochemical counterpart, as the stability of the redox intermediates plays a critical role in determining the robustness of the molecular brakes via electrochemical switching.
Game‐angling Tourism: Connecting People, Places and Natures
Authors: Mordue Tom 
Published: March 2014

AbstractFreshwater game‐angling is a growing tourism phenomenon creating modern, increasingly global, spaces of consumption where performances are acted out in varied destinations. These performances uphold sporting traditions dating from fifteenth century England, cemented in the Victorian era. This paper demonstrates how and why freshwater angling has grown to become one of the largest leisure activities. It questions whether game‐angling tourism has become a profound ecotourism, drawing insights from sociology and geography to explore how game‐angling tourism traverses the society/nature dualism. It finds that angling tourism is a compelling, relatively undiscovered, vehicle for understanding our passion for consuming the natural world. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Making Decisions Like Tomorrow Depends on It
Authors: Rath Tom 
Published: March 2014

AbstractRath believes that leaders will have more energy and effectiveness in the future based on the choices they are making today. He relates his own complex health history, which led him to study how leaders and other busy professionals can improve their health. He discovered that even exercise of a few days a week is not enough to maintain good health. We must build in physical activity throughout the day, especially since we sit so long (9.3 hours, even more than sleeping). Help others in your family and organization: “Create a culture of health around you.”
The Future Requires Collaboration, and the Future is Now
Authors: Leavitt Mike , McKeown Rich 
Published: March 2014

AbstractDisruptions and unexpected shifts are bound to happen to you and your organization, causing pain, according to Leavitt and McKeown, that can best be alleviated by teaming with others who are also feeling pain. This means forming what they call a “value alliance,” a “group of participants with aligned interests pursuing an outcome with value for each of them.” These collaborators are brought together by a distinguished individual known as a “convenor of stature.” Examples include such disparate cases as the forming of the Visa credit card network, and even the formation of the United States of America more than 200 years ago.
Pseudo asymptotically periodic solutions for Volterra integro‐differential equations
Authors: Xia Zhinan 
Published: March 2014

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a new class of functions called pseudo ‐asymptotically ω‐periodic function in the Stepanov sense and explore its properties in Banach spaces including composition results. Furthermore, the existence and uniqueness of the pseudo ‐asymptotically ω‐periodic mild solutions to Volterra integro‐differential equations is investigated. Applications to integral equations arising in the study of heat conduction in materials with memory are shown. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On integro‐differential inclusions with operator‐valued kernels
Authors: Trostorff Sascha 
Published: March 2014

AbstractWe study integro‐differential inclusions in Hilbert spaces with operator‐valued kernels and give sufficient conditions for the well‐posedness. We show that several types of integro‐differential equations and inclusions are covered by the class of evolutionary inclusions, and we therefore give criteria for the well‐posedness within this framework. As an example, we apply our results to the equations of visco‐elasticity and to a class of nonlinear integro‐differential inclusions describing phase transition phenomena in materials with memory. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Magnetic susceptibility to measure total protein concentration from NMR metabolite spectra: Demonstration on blood plasma
Authors: Jupin Marc , Michiels Paul J. , Girard Frederic C. , Wijmenga Sybren S. 
Published: March 2014

PurposeAccurate metabolite and protein quantification in blood plasma and other body fluids from one single NMR measurement, allowing for improved quantitative metabolic profiling and better assessment of metabolite‐protein interactions.Theory and MethodsThe total protein concentration is derived from the common chemical‐shift changes—caused by protein‐induced bulk magnetic susceptibility (BMS)—measured on well‐accessible and exchange‐free metabolite resonances. These BMS shifts are simply obtained by external referencing with respect to 3‐(trimethylsilyl)propionic‐2,2,3,3‐d4 acid, sodium salt in a coaxial insert.ResultsBased on blood‐plasma data from five volunteers, the estimated accuracy of the BMS method is ≤ 5% with respect and comparable to the 3.8% error of the standard colorimetric, Biuret, method. Valine, alanine, glucose, leucine, and lactate display no exchange‐induced shift changes. Their well‐accessible signals act as reliable probes for pure protein‐induced BMS. The slopes and intercepts of their chemical‐shift change versus protein concentration were derived from metabolite mixtures with (fatted) human and bovine albumin acting as blood‐plasma mimics.ConclusionThe BMS method, demonstrated on blood plasma, can also be used on other samples containing sufficient protein (> 10 g/L). Also, it allows measurement of the presence and sign of exchange‐induced chemical‐shift changes. Magn Reson Med 73:459–468, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Structure and specificity of an antibody targeting a proteolytically cleaved IgG hinge
Authors: Malia Thomas J. , Teplyakov Alexey , Brezski Randall J. , Luo Jinquan , Kinder Michelle , Sweet Raymond W. , Almagro Juan C. , Jordan Robert E. , Gilliland Gary L. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe functional role of human antihinge (HAH) autoantibodies in normal health and disease remains elusive, but recent evidence supports their role in the host response to IgG cleavage by proteases that are prevalent in certain disorders. Characterization and potential exploitation of these HAH antibodies has been hindered by the absence of monoclonal reagents. 2095‐2 is a rabbit monoclonal antibody targeting the IdeS‐cleaved hinge of human IgG1. We have determined the crystal structure of the Fab of 2095‐2 and its complex with a hinge analog peptide. The antibody is selective for the C‐terminally cleaved hinge ending in G236 and this interaction involves an uncommon disulfide in VL CDR3. We probed the importance of the disulfide in VL CDR3 through engineering variants. We identified one variant, QAA, which does not require the disulfide for biological activity or peptide binding. The structure of this variant offers a starting point for further engineering of 2095‐2 with the same specificity, but lacking the potential manufacturing liability of an additional disulfide. Proteins 2014; 82:1656–1667. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dopant profiling in silicon nanowires measured by scanning capacitance microscopy
Authors: Bassani Franck , Periwal Priyanka , Salem Bassem , Chevalier Nicolas , Mariolle Denis , Audoit Guillaume , Gentile Pascal , Baron Thierry 
Published: March 2014

AbstractSilicon nanowires (SiNWs) with axial doping junctions were synthesized via the Au‐catalyzed vapor–liquid–solid growth method with the use of HCl. In this work, dopant profiling from three axially doped SiNWs with p–i, p–n and n–i–p junctions were investigated using both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning capacitance microscopy (SCM). It turns out that observed doping contrasts in SEM are also affected by the surface roughness and sample charging. In contrast, SCM allows us to delineate with sub‐10 nm resolution the electrical junctions and provides a relative value of the doping concentration in each segment of the NW. SCM clearly evidences the expected doping regions within these SiNWs thanks to the addition of HCl during the growth that strongly prevents shell overgrowth. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Scenario‐Based Evaluation of Commercially Available Cleaning Robots for Collection of Bacillus Spores from Environmental Surfaces
Authors: Lee Sang Don , Calfee M. Worth , Mickelsen Leroy , Clayton Matt , Touati Abderrahmane 
Published: March 2014

The cleaning robots, a vacuum‐based robot (R2) and a wetted‐wipe‐based robot (R4), were evaluated in this study to determine their effectiveness for sampling Bacillus atrophaeus spores. The tests were designed to evaluate the benefit of robot sampling on large areas with two different contamination scenarios: a high‐concentration, low spatial extent contamination (hot spot) and a low concentration, high spatial extent contamination (widely dispersed). The hot spot tests were conducted with the high spore contamination (approximately 107 colony forming units [CFUs]) on a limited area (30.5 cm × 30.5 cm), 2 percent of the entire test. The widely dispersed tests were conducted with approximately 0.1 CFUs/cm2 for floor laminate and approximately 10 CFUs/cm2 for carpet surfaces. The widely dispersed tests distributed spores across the test surface and covered approximately 40 percent of the entire test area. The test results showed that both robots successfully sampled a large quantity of spores from carpet and floor laminate surfaces for both test scenarios. Robot performance is discussed in the context of currently used surface sampling methods. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.*
H ∞  ∕ H −  LPV solutions for fault detection of aircraft actuator faults: Bridging the gap between theory and practice
Authors: Henry D. , Cieslak J. , Zolghadri A. , Efimov D. 
Published: March 2014

SummaryThe work presented in this paper is undertaken within the European FP7 funded Advanced Fault Diagnosis for Sustainable Flight Guidance and Control (ADDSAFE) project. The goal is to propose new fault detection and fault diagnosis techniques that could significantly help developing environmentally‐friendlier aircraft. In this paper, LPV model‐based fault detection schemes are proposed and compared for robust and early detection of faults in aircraft control surfaces servo‐loop. The proposed methodologies are based on a slight modification of the H ∞  ∕ H_ LPV optimization techniques proposed in [1] and [2] for systems modelled in, first polytopic manner, second linear fractional representation fashion. Both the methods aim at designing fault detection filters with enhanced fault transmission H −  gain and large h ∞  nuisance attenuation. A complete Monte Carlo campaign from a high representative simulator, provided by Airbus as a part of the ADDSAFE project, demonstrates the potential of the proposed techniques. It is shown that both the proposed fault detection schemes can be embedded within the structure of in‐service monitoring systems as a part of the Flight Control Computer software. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gradient‐free method for distributed multi‐agent optimization via push‐sum algorithms
Authors: Yuan Deming , Xu Shengyuan , Lu Junwei 
Published: March 2014

SummaryThis paper studies the problem of minimizing the sum of convex functions that all share a common global variable, each function is known by one specific agent in the network. The underlying network topology is modeled as a time‐varying sequence of directed graphs, each of which is endowed with a non‐doubly stochastic matrix. We present a distributed method that employs gradient‐free oracles and push‐sum algorithms for solving this optimization problem. We establish the convergence by showing that the method converges to an approximate solution at the expected rate of , where T is the iteration counter. A numerical example is also given to illustrate the proposed method. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
L2‐gain fault tolerant control of singular Lipschitz systems in the presence of actuator saturation
Authors: Zuo Zhiqiang , Wang Yijing , Yang Wenlong 
Published: March 2014

SummaryIn this paper, the L2‐gain fault tolerant control for a class of singular systems in the presence of Lipschitz nonlinearity and actuator saturation is investigated. Both fixed‐gain controller and adaptive controller are designed such that the closed‐loop system is regular, impulse‐free, and stable. In contrast with our previous work where the saturation avoidance method is adopted, here we resort to the saturation allowance approach to tackle this issue. As a result, the obtained criterion guaranteeing the regularity, impulse‐free, and stability properties does not involve information about the initial state a prior comparing with our previous results. Moreover, the structural constraint on the feedback control gain is removed. An optimization algorithm is formulated to find the largest disturbance tolerance capability. In addition, the L2‐gain performance of the closed‐loop system is also addressed based on the aforementioned results. An example is given to validate the theoretical results. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fault detection and isolation of electrical induction motors via LPV fault observers: A case study
Authors: Casavola Alessandro , Gagliardi Gianfranco 
Published: March 2014

SummaryAn application of a recently proposed fault detection and isolation (FDI) design methodology for linear parameter varying (LPV) systems is presented which concerns the robust detection of stator windings faults of an electrical induction motor regulated by a speed controller. On the basis of a detailed nonlinear mathematical model of the motor, it is shown how, based on a judicious convex interpolation of a family of linearized models, a quasi‐linear parameter varying (quasi‐LPV) approximation capable to catch most of the nonlinearities of the model can be achieved and can directly be used for synthesizing LPV‐FDI observers. The design methodology consists in solving a multi‐objective convex linear matrix inequalities optimization problem where disturbance rejection and fault sensitivity are traded‐off in suitable frequency regions. The resulting diagnostic observer is gain‐scheduled and uses a set of motor variables, assumed measurable online, as a scheduling vector. The effectiveness of the LPV‐FDI framework is illustrated in a final numerical example. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Towards cross‐layer approaches to coping with misbehavior in mobile ad hoc networks: an anatomy of reputation systems
Authors: Wang Shuzhen , Zhang Zonghua , Naït‐Abdesselam Farid 
Published: March 2014

AbstractIn mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), the nodes need to cooperate each other to establish multi‐hop routes for out‐of‐range wireless communication. However, some of them may not always behave normally, either behaving selfishly for saving computational resource or maliciously for compromising communication protocols. Regardless of intents, such misbehavior would lead to the degradation of network performance. It is therefore important to design appropriate mechanisms to ensure that network performance could be maintained at an acceptable level in the presence of misbehaving nodes. But the open nature of MANETs makes such designs challenging. Reputation system has been widely recognized as an effective approach, which associates the behavior of nodes with its reputation, which is calculated by specifying and quantifying the observations of interest with respect to predefined performance metrics. More interestingly, the observations can be obtained and integrated from multiple layers, facilitating cross‐layer analysis. This paper intends to take a deep look into several well‐studied reputation systems and examine their operational characteristics in terms of modeling approaches and redemption techniques, with an objective to identify their capabilities in terms of misbehavior detection coverage and blind spots. Furthermore, such an anatomy allows us to better understand the failure curses of the deployment and operation of reputation systems in MANETs, so as to improve their performance by adopting effective countermeasures.Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimisation‐based collaborative determination of component trustworthiness in service compositions
Authors: Elshaafi Hisain , Botvich Dmitri 
Published: March 2014

AbstractIn service‐oriented environments, service providers orchestrate distributed services from other providers to create new composite enterprise services. A component service can be invoked jointly by several distributed composite service providers. However, because a composite service is provided to the consumers as an integrated service, when failures or dissatisfaction of the consumers occurs, it is not possible to directly identify the untrustworthy component. In this paper, we describe a collaborative trustworthiness determination approach using optimisation that can provide a solution to selecting trustworthy component service constructs based on monitoring and consumer quality of experience reporting of existing composite services from peer providers. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental passive eavesdropping of Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunication voice communications through low‐cost software‐defined radios
Authors: Sanchez Ignacio , Baldini Gianmarco , Shaw David , Giuliani Raimondo 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe flexibility of software‐defined radio (SDR) technology has been proposed to support various applications from the dynamic usage of the radio frequency spectrum to the implementation of radio access technologies in the commercial and military domain. A new generation of low‐cost SDR devices has emerged in the last few years, opening new possibilities to implement inexpensive security attacks against radio protocols and systems. Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunication (DECT) is a European Telecommunications Standards Institute standard for short‐range cordless communications with a worldwide installed base. In this paper, we survey the state of art for the application of low‐cost SDRs to the security domain, and we describe a complete implementation of a passive eavesdropping attack against DECT digital voice communication, where the DECT communication is not encrypted. The framework, which implements the attack, has been deployed on two different types of low‐cost SDR platforms to show the flexibility and extendibility of the implementation. The performance of the framework has been evaluated on the basis of different parameters and different approaches, and the experimental results are presented in the paper. The framework has demonstrated its effectiveness to implement an eavesdropping attack against DECT even at great distances with low‐cost equipment.Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Binary variable multiple‐model multiple imputation to address missing data mechanism uncertainty: application to a smoking cessation trial
Authors: Siddique Juned , Harel Ofer , Crespi Catherine M. , Hedeker Donald 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe true missing data mechanism is never known in practice. We present a method for generating multiple imputations for binary variables, which formally incorporates missing data mechanism uncertainty. Imputations are generated from a distribution of imputation models rather than a single model, with the distribution reflecting subjective notions of missing data mechanism uncertainty. Parameter estimates and standard errors are obtained using rules for nested multiple imputation. Using simulation, we investigate the impact of missing data mechanism uncertainty on post‐imputation inferences and show that incorporating this uncertainty can increase the coverage of parameter estimates. We apply our method to a longitudinal smoking cessation trial where nonignorably missing data were a concern. Our method provides a simple approach for formalizing subjective notions regarding nonresponse and can be implemented using existing imputation software. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.