bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The dark side of trust and the light side of working alliances in financial services
Authors: Söderberg Inga-Lill , E Sallis James , Eriksson Kent 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to use psychological theory to improve our understanding of financial advice-taking. The paper studies how a working alliance between financial service customers and advisors affects the advisor's assessment of the financial service buyer's perceived risk preferences, and what role trust plays as a mediating variable.Design/methodology/approach– The paper obtained data by means of a questionnaire that was answered by 375 matched pairs of bank advisors and customers.Findings– This paper explains how the working alliance method – a concept from psychotherapeutic theory – between financial service customers and advisors affects the advisor's understanding of the financial service buyer's perceived risk preferences. The paper also finds that the role of trust is perceived differently by the advisor and the customer. Advisors see that as their clients learn to trust them they lose touch with the customer's perceived risk preferences, whereas customers do not perceive that their trust in the advisor has any relationship to their risk preferences.Practical implications– This results suggest that advisors lose touch with the risk preferences of trusting customers, and that psychological methods are needed if the advisor should actually understand customer perceived risk preferences.Originality/value– The paper advances psychological methods in marketing, and provides a partial answer to the difficulties of financial advice giving.
A game-theoretical model of bank foreign direct investment strategy in emerging market economies
Authors: O’Connor Aidan , J. Santos-Arteaga Francisco , Tavana Madjid 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to propose a game-theoretical model for commercial bank foreign direct investment strategy, government policy and domestic banking industry interactions in emerging market economies and demonstrate the application of this strategy to the banking system. Government policy and domestic banking industry interactions in emerging market economies and demonstrate the application of this strategy to the banking system.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper develops a game-theoretical model to analyze the optimality of the limiting entry strategy followed by a given domestic institutional sector when considering the entry applications of foreign banks in the domestic financial system. The model analyzes the strategic options available to an emerging market country with a relatively underdeveloped banking system when deciding whether or not and to what extent allow for the entrance of better reputed and more technologically advanced foreign banks in its domestic financial system.

Findings
– The paper shows that the progressive liberalization of entry restrictions would define the perfect Bayesian equilibria of the subsequent set of continuation games and the respective payoffs derived from this liberalization as the domestic economy integrates and competes within the global financial system.

Originality/value
– Banks operating in the international financial market have incentives to invest directly in emerging market economies and governments have incentives in allowing foreign banks entry to their market. As banking systems in these economies are generally underdeveloped, opening the financial system to foreign competitors could lead to a decrease in the market share of local banks. Eventually foreign banks could control the banking system and could de facto control the money supply.
Customer CSR expectations in the banking industry
Authors: Pérez Andrea , Rodríguez del Bosque Ignacio 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine customer corporate social responsibility (CSR) expectations in the crisis context of the Spanish banking industry. The paper also takes into consideration the role that corporate governance structure plays in customer CSR expectations.Design/methodology/approach– Analysing 648 customers of savings banks and 476 customers of commercial banks, several univariate statistics and two cluster analyses are implemented.Findings– The authors identify significantly consistent patterns in the CSR expectations of savings banks and commercial banks customers. The customers of both types of banking companies have similar high expectations concerning the CSR oriented to customers, shareholders and supervising boards, employees, the community and legal and ethical CSR. Also customers of both types of banking companies can be consistently classified as customer oriented, legally (customer)-oriented and CSR-oriented customers depending on their CSR expectations.Practical implications– These results have interesting implications for managers because it allows them to develop optimal CSR based on their customers’ expectations. In this regard, it is observed that the CSR expectations of savings banks and commercial banks customers are quite homogeneous in such a way that the traditional differentiation in the CSR implemented by savings banks and commercial banks may be no longer justified.Originality/value– Previous scholars who have analysed customer CSR expectations have not studied them in a crisis context. This paper contributes to literature by proposing new managerial strategies for companies facing a product or corporate crisis. Scholars studying customer CSR expectations in the banking industry have not considered the role of corporate governance structure either. This paper provides detailed information about the CSR expectations of savings banks customers and commercial banks customers.
Impact of education and training on performance of women entrepreneurs
Authors: Rauth Bhardwaj Broto 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of the paper is to find the relationship between education and training and performance of women entrepreneurs (WEs). The present study found that entrepreneurial education stimulates women to take up entrepreneurship as a career option.

Design/methodology/approach
– Also the findings of the study show that WEs lack the time for upgrading their skills and also need training for developing their skills. The methodology includes empirical study, collection of data and analysis with the help of SPSS, correlation method to find the relationship between education and training of WEs.

Findings
– Getting appropriate education helps them with finding sources of innovative ideas and converting these ideas into enterprises. The study also revealed that due to constraints in the time availability and resources, WEs find it hard to train themselves and equip themselves with the recent developments in technology and the market.

Research limitations/implications
– Moreover, the study findings suggest that providing them with professional training and skill development programme would help the women students to launch their businesses. The data colleted is only from India.

Practical implications
– The paper also discusses the managerial implications and research implications of such a study. The study shows that there is a significant relationship between providing entrepreneurial platform and education to the women to start up their ventures.

Social implications
– The study findings suggest that there is a lack of societal support for women entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship is still expected to be a male-dominated field, and it may be difficult to gain the society's support for WEs. The women entrepreneurship can also provide a tool for social upliftment for below poverty line people.

Originality/value
– Moreover, the study findings suggest that providing them with professional training and skill development programme would help the women students to launch their businesses. The paper also discusses the managerial implications and research implications of such a study.
Understanding the entrepreneurial intention of Chinese students
Authors: Barbara Bernhofer Lena , Li Jun 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– This exploratory research aims to utilize a unique dataset obtained from the China Project of “Global University Entrepreneurial Spirits Students Survey” (GUESSS) to assess Chinese students' career choice intentions in general and entrepreneurial intention in particular, the dynamics of changes in career choice intentions, and impacts of career motives, university environment and perceived barriers.

Design/methodology/approach
– The research followed the survey instrument and protocol designed by the organizer of the international GUESSS project. The sample in the dataset contains data of about 850 students who participated in China and 450 overseas Chinese students who participated in other countries in the international GUESSS project.

Findings
– The most preferred career choice option for Chinese students right after leaving university is to work in a large company and their intention to start an own company is low. However, in five years after graduation, founding an own company is identified as the most preferred option. The change appears to be primarily associated with students' perception of own maturity, confidence and improved financial position.

Practical implications
– The results indicate that the support of graduate entrepreneurship at universities shows first positive impacts, the entrepreneurship programs however still need to be extended to bridge the gap to realization. The insights into Chinese students' entrepreneurial intention are therefore of great value for educators, policy makers, and future student generations.

Originality/value
– GUESSS is the first study to explore the entrepreneurial spirit of Chinese students in great depth and to enable an international comparison of the findings.
Educating global citizens in business schools
Authors: Lilley Kathleen , Barker Michelle , Harris Neil 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– Global citizenship, social responsibility and sustainability are constructs increasingly used in business schools. Yet, there is no widely accepted definition or conceptualization of the global citizen, nor is there strong evidence of how the global citizen is effectively translated into university ethos, culture and practice. This paper aims to conceptualize the global citizen in higher education broadly and more specifically in regard to business schools.Design/methodology/approach– International higher education, social science and business literature has been reviewed to present an integrated understanding of the global citizen; contextualized to higher education generally and business schools specifically.Findings– It is argued that the global citizen, viewed through a moral and transformative cosmopolitan lens, provides an alternative to the rhetoric frequently paid to the construct. This paper describes “global citizen learning” underpinned by the social imaginary, relationality and reflexivity. These virtues equip the students' global business mindset for complexity and ambiguity.Research limitations/implications– The interdisciplinary literature reviewed in this paper brings a focus to moral reasoning, sensitivity and values-based teaching. These aspects create new ways for the global citizen to be more explicitly integrated into business ethos and curricula.Practical implications– Global citizen learning provides the “conceptual glue”, needed to link social responsibility, sustainability and ethical principles to business curricula. Also, the paper outlines how “global citizen learning” can be utilized in existing curricula from a practical perspective.Originality/value– This paper discusses values and moral reasoning in business education. It is proposed that the global citizen conceptualized through moral and transformative cosmopolitanism provides a humanistic buffer to the neoliberal growth paradigm.
Using peer instruction with hints in introductory business statistics
Authors: Ding Ning , Xu Xiaoyan 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– Peer instruction has been widely adopted as an instructional method in higher education. However, due to students' different preconceptions, the authors argued that peer instruction is not a panacea in international business education when students' prior knowledge extensively varies. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– In this experimental study, the authors focused on three conditions of an introductory statistics course: individual problem solving, peer instruction, and peer instruction with hints.

Findings
– The authors have found students in peer instruction with hints class did not only outperform in the final exam, but also achieved the highest frequency of successful conceptual changes in comparison with their counterparts in the other two classes.

Practical implications
– Providing instructional hints to improve the effectiveness of peer instruction may shed light on classroom instruction in higher education.

Originality/value
– As for international business education, this was a unique exploration to capture students' conceptual changes using clickers. The authors believed this research paper will help the education practitioners to know their business students better.
Transgenerational plasticity in marine sticklebacks: maternal effects mediate impacts of a warming ocean
Authors: Shama Lisa N. S. , Strobel Anneli , Mark Felix C. , Wegner K. Mathias 
Published: April 2014

Summary

Our study addresses the role of non‐genetic and genetic inheritance in shaping the adaptive potential of populations under a warming ocean scenario. We used a combined experimental approach [transgenerational plasticity (TGP) and quantitative genetics] to partition the relative contribution of maternal vs. paternal (additive genetic) effects to offspring body size (a key component of fitness), and investigated a potential physiological mechanism (mitochondrial respiration capacities) underlying whole‐organism growth/size responses.

In very early stages of growth (up to 30 days), offspring body size of marine sticklebacks benefited from maternal TGP: offspring of mothers acclimated to 17 °C were larger when reared at 17 °C, and offspring of mothers acclimated to 21 °C were larger when reared at 21 °C. The benefits of maternal TGP on body size were stronger and persisted longer (up to 60 days) for offspring reared in the warmer (21 °C) environment, suggesting that maternal effects will be highly relevant for climate change scenarios in this system.

Mitochondrial respiration capacities measured on mature offspring (F1 adults) matched the pattern of TGP for juvenile body size, providing an intuitive mechanistic basis for the maternal acclimation persisting into adulthood. Size differences between temperatures seen at early growth stages remained in the F1 adults, linking offspring body size to maternal inheritance of mitochondria.

Lower maternal variance components in the warmer environment were mostly driven by mothers acclimated to ambient (colder) conditions, further supporting our tenet that maternal effects were stronger at elevated temperature. Importantly, all parent–offspring temperature combination groups showed genotype × environment (G × E) interactions, suggesting that reaction norms have the potential to evolve.

To summarize, TGP and G × E interactions work in concert to mediate impacts of ocean warming on metabolic capacity and early growth of marine sticklebacks. TGP can buffer short‐term detrimental effects of climate warming and may buy time for genetic adaptation to catch up, therefore markedly contributing to the evolutionary potential and persistence of populations under climate change.
The effect of fire on habitat selection of mammalian herbivores: the role of body size and vegetation characteristics
Authors: Eby Stephanie L. , Anderson T. Michael , Mayemba Emilian P. , Ritchie Mark E. 
Published: April 2014

Summary

Given the role of fire in shaping ecosystems, especially grasslands and savannas, it is important to understand its broader impact on these systems. Post‐fire stimulation of plant nutrients is thought to benefit grazing mammals and explain their preference for burned areas. However, fire also reduces vegetation height and increases visibility, thereby potentially reducing predation risk. Consequently, fire may be more beneficial to smaller herbivores, with higher nutritional needs and greater risks of predation.

We tested the impacts of burning on different sized herbivores' habitat preference in Serengeti National Park, as mediated by burning's effects on vegetation height, live : dead biomass ratio and leaf nutrients.

Burning caused a less than 4 month increase in leaf nitrogen (N), and leaf non‐N nutrients [copper (Cu), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg)] and a decrease in vegetation height and live : dead biomass. During this period, total herbivore counts were higher on burned areas. Generally, smaller herbivores preferred burned areas more strongly than larger herbivores.

Unfortunately, it was not possible to determine the vegetation characteristics that explained burned area preference for each of the herbivore species observed. However, total herbivore abundance and impala (Aepyceros melampus) preference for burned areas was due to the increases in non‐N nutrients caused by burning.

These findings suggest that burned area attractiveness to herbivores is mainly driven by changes to forage quality and not potential decreases in predation risk caused by reductions in vegetation height.
Waist‐to‐height ratio is an appropriate index for identifying cardiometabolic risk in Chinese individuals with normal body mass index and waist circumference 腰臀比是鉴别体重指数和腰围正常的中国人群的心血管代谢风险的适宜指标
Authors: Zhu Qihan , Shen Feixia , Ye Tingting , Zhou Qi , Deng Huihui , Gu Xuejiang 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe waist‐to‐height ratio (WHtR), a novel index that has been reported to correlate more strongly than body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with cardiometabolic risk factors, has not been studied in Chinese individuals with normal body mass index and waist circumference. The present study compared the predictive power of WHtR with those of BMI and WC for such factors in non‐obese Chinese, and to define optimal cutoffs of WHtR in this population.MethodsA total of 2137 subjects aged 40–75 years were recruited. Three anthropometric indices (WHtR, BMI, and WC) were compared and the optimal cutoffs of WHtR were identified by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. WHtR was divided into four quartiles (WHtR‐Q), and multiple linear regression analyses were used to calculate the relationship between WHtR‐Q and clinical biochemical index.ResultsWaist‐to‐height ratio was more efficient than WC to identify cardiometabolic risk factors in both genders, but was only superior to BMI in females. WHtR‐Q was positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose, 2‐h postprandial blood glucose, and systolic blood pressure, and negatively connected with high density lipoprotein cholesterol in both genders after controlling for age, current smoking and drinking, moderate‐intensity physical activity, daily sedentary time, daily screen time and menopause (only for females). The optimal cutoffs of WHtR for detecting cardiometabolic risk factors were 0.47 in males and 0.51 in females.ConclusionWaist‐to‐height ratio might be an effective index to identify cardiometabolic risk factors in Chinese with normal BMI and WC, particularly in females.
Organophosphorus insecticide, monocrotophos, possesses the propensity to induce insulin resistance in rats on chronic exposure 大鼠长期暴露于有机磷杀虫剂—久效磷后可能诱发胰岛素抵抗
Authors: Nagaraju Raju , Joshi Apurva Kumar Ramesh , Rajini Padmanabhan Sharda 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBackgroundOur earlier studies had shown that monocrotophos (MCP), an organophosphorus insecticide (OPI), has the propensity to augment the secondary complications associated with type‐1 diabetes. The present study investigates whether rats exposed for prolonged periods to monocrotophos would develop insulin resistance mediated by alteration in glucose homeostasis.MethodsMale rats were administered sublethal doses of monocrotophos daily for 180 days. Interim blood samples were collected to measure alteration in blood glucose and lipid profile. Rats were also subjected to glucose and insulin tolerance test and fasting blood glucose and insulin levels were measured to calculate insulin resistance by HOMA‐IR method. After 180 days, the rats were also evaluated for pancreatic histology and activities of hepatic gluconeogenetic enzymes.ResultsMonocrotophos elicited a gradual and sustained increase in blood glucose and insulin resistance in rats with concomitant glucose intolerance and reduced insulin sensitivity. MCP exposure was also associated with increase in weights of key white adipose pads, activities of gluconeogenesis enzymes and increase in pancreatic islet diameter, all of which led to hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and dyslipidaemia.ConclusionLong‐term exposure of rats to MCP resulted in glucose intolerance with hyperinsulinemia, a hallmark of insulin resistance. Our data suggest that chronic exposure to low doses of monocrotophos, might lead to development of insulin resistance by altering lipid profile and glucose homeostasis.
Vitamin D deficiency in anesthesia department caregivers at the end of winter
Authors: SKARPHEDINSDOTTIR S. J. , SIGURDSSON M. I. , COURSIN D. B. , HEAD D. E. , SPRINGMAN S. R. , WANG S. , CHEN G. , LI Q. , KRUEGER D. C. , BINKLEY N. , SIGURDSSON G. H. , HOGAN K. J. 
Published: April 2014

BackgroundTo test whether the vitamin D status of anesthesia department caregivers practicing at high Northern latitudes is compatible with current recommendations, the 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels of caregivers at hospitals in Iceland (64°08′ N) and in Wisconsin (43°07′ N) were compared at the end of winter.MethodsAnesthesia department faculty and resident physicians, non‐physician anesthetists, and critical care nurses completed a questionnaire, and provided blood samples for analysis of 25(OH)D by reverse‐phase high performance liquid chromatography.ResultsOne hundred and six participants in Iceland and 124 participants in Wisconsin were enrolled. No difference in mean serum 25(OH)D levels between Iceland [70.53 nmol/l, standard deviation (SD) 30.87 nmol/l] and Wisconsin (70.0 nmol/l, SD 30.0 nmol/l) was observed. In Iceland and Wisconsin, 25(OH)D levels below 25 nmol/l were observed in 4.7% and 4.0%, below 50 nmol/l in 34.9% and 25.0%, and below 75 nmol/l in 56.6% and 61.3% of caregivers, respectively.Conclusions25(OH)D levels below the 50 nmol/l (20 ng/ml) threshold recommended by the Institute of Medicine and the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis, and below the 75 nmol/l (30 ng/ml) threshold recommended by The Endocrine Society, are highly prevalent among anesthesia caregivers working at two Northern hospitals at the end of winter who may otherwise not meet criteria to be tested. Anesthesia and critical care providers may wish to determine their 25(OH)D levels and use effective, safe, and low cost supplementation to target a 25(OH)D level compatible with optimal health.