bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“What is Less or More than a Touch?” Multimedia Classics and Hypermedia Hermeneutics
Authors: Kraemer Harald 
Published: January 2014

AbstractHypermedia is so diverse that it is in need of documentation, analysis, and methodology. For more than 20 years, online and offline applications of hypermedia technology have combined text, image, video, animation, and sound into a total work of art (Gesamtkunstwerk). This essay provides an insight into my research project, Multimedia Classics and Hypermedia Hermeneutics, focusing on why it is so difficult to describe and analyze hypermedia applications on cultural topics. It suggests how the functions, contents, and forms of hypermedia could be analyzed; to do so, it looks at Notzimmer, an interactive website story about a knockdown furniture construction kit designed by Jewish refugee Mauritius Ehrlich during World War II.
Facial expression recognition and emotion understanding in children after neonatal open‐heart surgery for transposition of the great arteries
Authors: Calderon Johanna , Angeard Nathalie , Pinabiaux Charlotte , Bonnet Damien , Jambaqué Isabelle 
Published: January 2014

AimTheory of mind impairments are part of the cognitive morbidities associated with transposition of the great arteries (TGA). We sought to assess core components of social cognition in school‐aged children with TGA.MethodThirty‐eight children with neonatal corrected TGA (27 males, 11 females; mean age 7y 3mo, SD 1y 2mo) and a comparison group (n=31; 24 males, 7 females; mean age 7y 4mo, SD 1y 1mo) participated in this study. All children completed measures of facial expression recognition, emotion comprehension, and second‐order cognitive and affective false‐belief tasks. The association of medical pre‐, intra‐, and postoperative variables with cognitive outcomes was explored.ResultsAfter controlling for potential covariates, children with TGA performed significantly less accurately in the mental category of the emotion comprehension battery (p=0.002) and on second‐order affective false‐belief tasks (p<0.05). Preoperative variables including an associated ventricular septal defect (p=0.02), a younger age at open‐heart surgery (p=0.03), and a prenatal diagnosis of TGA (p=0.02) were significantly associated with better outcomes.InterpretationSchool‐aged children with TGA display significant impairment on complex affective mental state understanding even though facial expression recognition was generally preserved. Preoperative factors may be important determinants for long‐term outcomes after cyanotic congenital heart disease.
Developing care pathways – lessons from the Steele Review implementation in England
Authors: Rooney Eric 
Published: January 2014

ObjectiveThis paper sets out to discuss the concept of care pathways, review their definition, features and implementation and using an example from the NHS dental system in England guide the development of an elder care pathway.BackgroundCare pathways have developed from quality management approaches in industry and focus on a number of steps which are intended to lead to expected outcomes. The existing definition and descriptors of care pathways serve well, but miss the complex process underlying the development of pathways, their structure, implementation and evaluation.FindingsThe literature identifies key features of clinical pathways and from the developing field of implementation science, the factors likely to support pathway implementation. Pathways must be generic enough to enable them to be applicable broadly, but specific enough for them to be locally relevant and population specific. The development of care pathways in the National Health Service (NHS) Dental Service in England is described and when compared with the implementation science literature exhibits features identified as positive factors for implementation. As a result a contribution to the pathway definition literature is offered.ConclusionsLearning from the literature and the practical experience described from England, the process for developing dental care pathways for dependent elders should begin with the creation of a high level pathway, which is cognisant of the clinical and implementation science evidence base.
Delivering the evidence – skill mix and education for elder care
Authors: Wolff Mark S. , Schenkel Andrew B. , Allen Kenneth L. 
Published: January 2014

ObjectivesTo review the current status of dental curricula on elder care, and the current curricula regarding elder care, and it's effect on altering practitioner behaviors while addressing the needs of a growing North American elder population.BackgroundAn impending crisis is looming over the oral healthcare of our aging population. At the same moment that life expectancy is being extended through increasingly complex healthcare improvements, the numbers of trained dental providers capable and interested in delivering the needed care is failing to grow at an adequate rate.DiscussionThe skills necessary to manage these increasingly complex patients require an interprofessional approach capable of delivering care to sicker patients, in a variety of living accommodations, while managing a variety of care givers. The dental skills necessary to treat these elderly are modifications of skills students routinely learn in dental school. As a matter of fact, the skills students acquire to treat an adult patient population may be contrary to the basic skills necessary to manage the elderly dependent adult patient. Teaching students the nuance differences needed to properly diagnose and care for this population is a difficult task that must be taught in a contextual environment.ConclusionSignificant changes in the teaching of dental management of the elderly are critical within much of the education community. Just as teaching students to care for the pediatric population as general dentists, the clinical education must involve a sufficient number of quality experiences to address issues of both competency, that of the graduate to perform care independently, and attitudes, the actually willingness to treat the elderly.
The life course, care pathways and elements of vulnerability. A picture of health needs in a vulnerable population
Authors: Pretty Iain A. 
Published: January 2014

ObjectiveThis paper presents a contextual approach to the assessment of dental health needs based on a life course approach with vulnerability integrated within the assessment of need.BackgroundLife course approaches to needs assessment,health care planning and commissioning of services are gaining popularity as there is a move away from simpler assessments of need based purely on population demographics such as age. The use of an assessment of vulnerability will be essential in the development of care pathways that are based on patient and population need rather than demand.MethodsAs an example of the health needs of a vulnerable population data are presented on an oral health needs assessment within nursing and residential homes in the North West of England.FindingsThese data serve to demonstrate the challenges of the disease burden within such a population but also the complexities of commissioning and delivering services to this group of patients.ConclusionsCare pathways designed to assist such patients should consider not only prevention and treatment modalities but also the means of implementing such therapies in varying settings and utilising the whole dental team.
Microhabitat effects on herbaceous nutrient concentrations at the community and species level in Mediterranean open woodlands: the role of species composition
Authors: Rolo V. , Rivest D. , López‐Díaz M. L. , Moreno G. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe presence of a woody canopy in open oak woodlands affects not only the nutrition but also the species composition of the herbaceous community. Yet, the contribution of both effects (changes in nutrient concentrations and species composition) to total resources that are captured by the herbaceous community is not well understood. We assessed the mineral nutrition (N, P, K and Ca) of three herbaceous species and the herbaceous community as well as the species composition in contrasting microhabitats (beneath trees, beneath a leguminous shrub and in open spaces). Both trees and shrubs increased the nutrient concentrations of the herbaceous species that were studied, except for Taraxacum officinale. Their effects were less consistent when the entire community was considered and depended upon the nutrient being analysed. Species richness and N, P and K concentrations were positively associated, suggesting that more nutrients are captured by the herbaceous community as diversity increases. Our results suggest a close relationship between species composition and nutritional value at the community level that may explain the discrepancies observed between both levels of analysis (species vs. community). Thus, farm‐level strategies based on the whole herbaceous community may overlook processes operating at the species level, which can be relevant to achieve sustainable management.
Thermal Energy Harvesting Using Bulk Lead‐Free Ferroelectric Ceramics
Authors: Vats Gaurav , Chauhan Aditya , Vaish Rahul 
Published: January 2014

This article demonstrates the energy harvesting capabilities of bulk lead‐free ferroelectric materials using Olsen cycle. Lead‐free compositions K[(Nb0.90Ta0.10)0.99Mn0.01]O3 (KNTM) and 0.5Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3‐0.5(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 (BZT‐50BCT) have been explored for their energy harvesting capabilities. Further, we studied the variation in energy density over wide range of applied temperature and electric field. The maximum harness‐able energy density for KNTM and BZT‐50BCT compositions are found to be 629 J/L (629 kJ/m3) and 87 J/L (87 kJ/m3), respectively. This estimated energy density, obtained for the bulk samples, is comparable with the highest energy density reported to‐date (888 J/L for lanthanum‐doped lead zirconate titanate (8/65/35 PLZT) thick films).
Evolution of Hot Corrosion Behavior of YSZ‐Ta2O5 Composites with Different YSZ/Ta2O5 Ratios
Authors: Habibi Hamed , Guo Shengmin 
Published: January 2014

This study compares the hot corrosion performance of yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ)‐Ta2O5 composite mixtures (TaYSZ) in the presence of molten mixture of Na2SO4 + V2O5 at 1100°C. The tested compositions vary from pure YSZ (0TaYSZ) to a Ta2O5‐dominating (70 wt% Ta2O5+ balance YSZ, 70TaYSZ) composite mixture with a gradual increase of Ta2O5. 50TaYSZ (50 wt% Ta2O5 + balance YSZ) sample forms a highly stable zirconium tantalum oxide. 50TaYSZ is more stable, both thermally and chemically in Na2SO4+V2O5 media at 1100°C, than other tested YSZ‐Ta2O5 (TaYSZ) composites, and shows a good hot corrosion resistance.
Evaluation of the chemical composition and colour in long‐life tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) dehydrated by combined drying methods
Authors: Jorge Aline , Almeida Denise Milleo , Canteri Maria Helene Giovanetti , Sequinel Thiago , Kubaski Evaldo Toniolo , Tebcherani Sergio Mazurek 
Published: January 2014

SummaryWhen tomatoes are submitted to treatments of drying, depending on the parameters and methods used, the concentration or degradation of nutrients can occur. The changes in the composition and colour were verified when different drying processes were used. Freeze drying, oven drying, the combination of both and also the effect of the pretreatment (blanching) using steam were studied. The fresh tomato composition was compared with the composition of dehydrated tomato powder. After dehydration, the moisture content reduced 78% from the total initial moisture. In addition, a nutrient concentration was observed with an increase of about 57% of citric acid content and 3% in the pH. The ash content also increased from 0.53% to 8% (15 times) and 60%, the carbohydrates from 3.94% to 60% (15 times) and the proteins were increased from 1% to 11% (10 times). The blanching resulted in different types of changes, such as greater stability for the proteins, carbohydrates, fat, lycopene and β‐carotene.
Effect of health on knowledge, self‐efficacy and health behaviours of women with urinary tract infection
Authors: Tehrani Fereshteh Javaheri , Nikpour Soghra 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTUrinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections affecting about 40% of women in some points in their lives. UTI can cause serious potential consequences such as life‐threatening sepsis, if it is not treated by primary health care providers. Health behaviours play an important role in causing UTI. Self‐efficacy, as an important moderator of the relationship between knowledge and behaviour, is an important prerequisite for behaviour change. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of health education on knowledge, self‐efficacy and health behaviours of women with UTI. This is a quasi‐experimental study of the intervention and comparison groups, with pre‐test and post‐test design, conducted with 170 married women with UTI; referred to selected hospital laboratories in Tehran. The data collection tool was a self‐made questionnaire which was answered by both groups, prior to the intervention and 12 weeks thereafter. The intervention was performed on the intervention group samples. On the basis of the study results, after the intervention the average score of the knowledge (p = 0·002), self‐efficacy (p < 0·001) and health behaviours (p < 0·001) of the intervention group had significantly increased compared to the comparison group. The findings showed that health education was effective in promotion of the knowledge, self‐efficacy and health behaviours of women with UTI.
TAPBPR isoforms exhibit altered association with MHC class I
Authors: Porter Keith M. , Hermann Clemens , Traherne James A. , Boyle Louise H. 
Published: January 2014

SummaryThe tapasin‐related protein TAPBPR is a novel component of the antigen processing and presentation pathway, which binds to MHC class I coupled with β2‐microglobulin. We describe six alternatively spliced TAPBPR transcripts from the TAPBPL gene and investigate three of these at a protein level. TAPBPR transcripts lacking exon 5 result in loss of the membrane proximal IgC domain and loss of ability to bind to MHC class I. Alternative acceptor and donor splice sites in exon 4 of TAPBPR altered the reading frame in the IgV domain and produced a truncated TAPBPR product. An additional exon in the TAPBPL gene was identified that encodes extra residues in the cytoplasmic tail of TAPBPR. This longer TAPBPR protein interacted with MHC class I but was attenuated in its ability to down‐regulate surface expression of MHC class I. The abundance of these alternative transcripts in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and dendritic cells suggests an important role of TAPBPR isoforms in vivo.
Serum and supplement optimization for EU GMP‐compliance in cardiospheres cell culture
Authors: Chimenti Isotta , Gaetani Roberto , Forte Elvira , Angelini Francesco , De Falco Elena , Zoccai Giuseppe Biondi , Messina Elisa , Frati Giacomo , Giacomello Alessandro 
Published: January 2014

AbstractCardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) isolated as cardiospheres (CSs) and CS‐derived cells (CDCs) are a promising tool for cardiac cell therapy in heart failure patients, having CDCs already been used in a phase I/II clinical trial. Culture standardization according to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs) is a mandatory step for clinical translation. One of the main issues raised is the use of xenogenic additives (e.g. FBS, foetal bovine serum) in cell culture media, which carries the risk of contamination with infectious viral/prion agents, and the possible induction of immunizing effects in the final recipient. In this study, B27 supplement and sera requirements to comply with European GMPs were investigated in CSs and CDCs cultures, in terms of process yield/efficiency and final cell product gene expression levels, as well as phenotype. B27− free CS cultures produced a significantly reduced yield and a 10‐fold drop in c‐kit expression levels versus B27+ media. Moreover, autologous human serum (aHS) and two different commercially available GMP AB HSs were compared with standard research‐grade FBS. CPCs from all HSs explants had reduced growth rate, assumed a senescent‐like morphology with time in culture, and/or displayed a significant shift towards the endothelial phenotype. Among three different GMP gamma‐irradiated FBSs (giFBSs) tested, two provided unsatisfactory cell yields, while one performed optimally, in terms of CPCs yield/phenotype. In conclusion, the use of HSs for the isolation and expansion of CSs/CDCs has to be excluded because of altered proliferation and/or commitment, while media supplemented with B27 and the selected giFBS allows successful EU GMP‐complying CPCs culture.
The peripheral chimerism of bone marrow–derived stem cells after transplantation: regeneration of gastrointestinal tissues in lethally irradiated mice
Authors: Filip Stanislav , Mokrý Jaroslav , Vávrová Jiřina , Šinkorová Zuzana , Mičuda Stanislav , Šponer Pavel , Filipová Alžběta , Hrebíková Hana , Dayanithi Govindan 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBone marrow–derived cells represent a heterogeneous cell population containing haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. These cells have been identified as potential candidates for use in cell therapy for the regeneration of damaged tissues caused by trauma, degenerative diseases, ischaemia and inflammation or cancer treatment. In our study, we examined a model using whole‐body irradiation and the transplantation of bone marrow (BM) or haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to study the repair of haematopoiesis, extramedullary haematopoiesis and the migration of green fluorescent protein (GFP+) transplanted cells into non‐haematopoietic tissues. We investigated the repair of damage to the BM, peripheral blood, spleen and thymus and assessed the ability of this treatment to induce the entry of BM cells or GFP+lin−Sca‐1+ cells into non‐haematopoietic tissues. The transplantation of BM cells or GFP+lin−Sca‐1+ cells from GFP transgenic mice successfully repopulated haematopoiesis and the haematopoietic niche in haematopoietic tissues, specifically the BM, spleen and thymus. The transplanted GFP+ cells also entered the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) following whole‐body irradiation. Our results demonstrate that whole‐body irradiation does not significantly alter the integrity of tissues such as those in the small intestine and liver. Whole‐body irradiation also induced myeloablation and chimerism in tissues, and induced the entry of transplanted cells into the small intestine and liver. This result demonstrates that grafted BM cells or GFP+lin−Sca‐1+ cells are not transient in the GIT. Thus, these transplanted cells could be used for the long‐term treatment of various pathologies or as a one‐time treatment option if myeloablation‐induced chimerism alone is not sufficient to induce the entry of transplanted cells into non‐haematopoietic tissues.
The flood recovery gap: a real‐time study of local recovery following the floods of June 2007 in Hull, North East England
Authors: Medd W. , Deeming H. , Walker G. , Whittle R. , Mort M. , Twigger‐Ross C. , Walker M. , Watson N. , Kashefi E. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractLearning to live with flood requires learning to manage flood recovery. While in the United Kingdom much attention has been given to improving preparedness to flood events – from more sophisticated warning systems to the development of flood event planning – we bring attention to in‐depth research on the processes of recovery and the challenges of addressing what we call the flood ‘recovery gap’. A growing body of research has documented the social, economic and health impacts of flooding, and the relationship between social and physical parameters of community resilience and preparedness. However, there remains a dearth of understanding about the processes people go through in recovering from flood disasters in the United Kingdom and the ways in which improving the experience of recovery can enhance resilience. Indeed, because resilience is defined in part by the time it takes to recover, it is imperative that more effective recovery is established. This article reports on the findings of a real‐time longitudinal study using an action research model to document and understand the everyday experiences of individuals following the floods of June 2007 in Hull. We argue that recovery involves a more varied process than is assumed within current accounts, one which falls between institutional boundaries. We conclude with suggestions for addressing the ‘recovery gap’.
Post‐liver transplantation sarcopenia in cirrhosis: A prospective evaluation
Authors: Tsien Cynthia , Garber Ari , Narayanan Arvind , Shah Shetal N , Barnes David , Eghtesad Bijan , Fung John , McCullough Arthur J , Dasarathy Srinivasan 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBackground and AimPre‐transplant sarcopenia (reduced skeletal muscle mass) predicts poor outcome in cirrhosis. In contrast, whether muscle mass increases post‐orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is not known and was studied prospectively.MethodsConsecutive patients who underwent a comprehensive nutritional evaluation in a liver transplant nutrition clinic were included. Core abdominal muscle area was measured on abdominal computed tomography obtained pre‐ and post‐OLT. Age‐ and gender‐based controls were used to define sarcopenia. Measures of body composition pre‐transplant were correlated with computed tomography measurements. Predictors and clinical impact of post‐OLT change in muscle area were examined. In three subjects post‐OLT and three controls, expression of genes regulating skeletal muscle mass were quantified.ResultsDuring the study period, 53 patients (M:F 41:12; age 56.9 ± 7.5 years) were followed up after OLT for 19.3 ± 9 months. Five patients died and another five had acute graft rejection. Pre‐OLT sarcopenia was present in 33 (66.2%). Pre‐transplant clinical characteristics including Child's score, MELD score, and nutritional status or post‐transplantation immunosuppression regimen did not predict post‐transplant change in muscle mass. New onset post‐OLT sarcopenia developed in 14 patients. Loss of muscle mass post‐OLT increased risk of diabetes mellitus and a trend toward higher mortality. Skeletal muscle expression of myostatin was higher and that of ubiquitin proteasome proteolytic components lower post‐OLT than in controls.ConclusionsPost‐transplantation sarcopenia is common and could not be attributed to pre‐transplant characteristics or the type or duration of post‐OLT immunosuppression. Post‐transplant sarcopenia contributes to adverse consequences and strategies targeting myostatin may be beneficial.
Mindfulness‐Based Relationship Education for Couples Expecting their First Child—Part 2: Phenomenological Findings
Authors: Gambrel Laura Eubanks , Piercy Fred P. 
Published: January 2014

This phenomenological study is the second phase of a larger mixed methods study of a relationship‐enhancement program for couples expecting their first child (see Gambrel & Piercy, this issue). The 4‐week Mindful Transition to Parenthood Program uses mindfulness practices and interpersonal activities to develop skills of internal and interpersonal attunement. Based on semi‐structured interviews with thirteen couples, four overarching themes emerged: (a) positive changes for self, (b) improvements in couple relationship, (c) more prepared for baby, and (d) male involvement. Participants stated that the program increased their acceptance and awareness, deepened connections with their partners, and led them to be more confident about becoming parents. Male participants felt they became more identified as fathers. The authors discuss the clinical implications of these findings.Video Abstract