bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Bounty of the Earth:
Authors: Novershtern Avraham 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
I. J. Schwartz's book Kentucky (1925) includes six long epic poems telling variegated life experiences, both of Jews and non-Jews (mostly African-Americans) set against the background of post–Civil War Kentucky. This was a marginal topic in American Yiddish poetry, which centered mostly around the New York urban landscape. The longest and most significant text in the book, “Nayerd” (New Earth), tells the story of three generations in a typical, almost normative Jewish family making its way in the new environment. On the one hand, the epic narrator depicts the financial success of the protagonist, as well as the gradual distancing of his family from its Jewish cultural baggage, as an inevitable process that is pointless to bemoan. On the other hand, the family's confrontation with the Jewish experience remains one of the main topics in the poem. “Nayerd” is a narrative poem that lacks any overriding ideological thesis. It presents the life experiences of its protagonists by means of a pragmatic psychological and moral approach that appears to be very American, thus challenging implicitly the main tenets of the American Yiddish poetry of its time.
On Jacob Glatshteyn's Sacco and Vanzetti Poem
Authors: Rosenwald Lawrence 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
Jacob Glatshteyn's poem about Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti, the celebrated Italian anarchists executed for murder on August 23, 1927, is both the greatest poem about the two men and among the least widely known; the goal of this article is to make the poem more broadly available for discussion. The means of arriving at that goal include a rigorously literal translation and a set of commentaries on particular lines of the poem, on its general themes and patterns, and on the relation between this poem and other poems on the subject. Among the themes explored are the poem's temporality, its portrait of the city, its dramatization of character, its shifting refrains, its Christian imagery, and its broad range of pity and curiosity.
From Jewish Jesus to Black Christ:
Authors: Glaser Amelia 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
This article examines shared metaphors in Yiddish poems about lynchings and pogroms in the 1930s. Leftist Yiddish poets in particular often equated lynching victims, as well as pogrom victims, with Jesus. The poet Berish Weinstein serves as a case study, for he used strikingly similar motifs in his poems about anti-Semitic and anti-Black violence. It is no coincidence that a rise in poems about race violence occurred during the most heated years of the Scottsboro trial, an event that became a symbol of American racism for the Communist Party. Yiddish writing about violence against African Americans reveals the commitment of many Jews in the 1930s to move from ethnic particularism toward leftist universalism. However, this examination of shared poetic motifs shows that in writing about racism in America, many Jews were also implicitly responding to the rise of Nazism in Europe.
“Women and poets see the truth arrive”:
Authors: Barnat Dara 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
Walt Whitman is a crucial figure in the Jewish American poetic tradition. Though scholars have periodically noted Whitman's influence on this tradition, the breadth of Jewish American poets who have embraced Whitman's aesthetics and ethos, from the mid-nineteenth century to date, has yet to be recognized, notwithstanding Allen Ginsberg. This essay presents an intriguing example of a Jewish American poet responding pre–World War II to the non-Jewish Whitman: the political poet Muriel Rukeyser. Rukeyser adopts aspects of Whitman's work to create a more democratic, socially informed, and inclusive America in general and Jewish America in particular. This case of intertextuality demonstrates how a Jewish minority writer, in order to negotiate their position in America, turns to a non-Jewish American majority writer.
Stanley Kunitz's Cracked Vocation
Authors: Cocola Jim 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
Though Stanley Kunitz was among the most decorated poets of his generation, he did not secure his first college teaching position until he was in his forties, and it wasn't until he was well into his fifties that he began to receive widespread acclaim for his work. Ultimately, these early fissures in Kunitz's vocation were problems of professionalization that can be traced back to his origins. As the youngest son of a hardscrabble immigrant widow in a gritty industrial city, Kunitz transcended his difficult childhood, but found it more complicated to contend with his heritage as he shaped a career for himself. Though Kunitz made isolated attempts to reckon with his Jewish and Lithuanian roots, his more usual course was to de-emphasize that heritage. But if Kunitz's poetics proved to be a poetics of sublimation in the main, there are also instances in which the sorrows of his station shine through—as, for instance, in the masterful short poem “An Old Cracked Tune,” where Kunitz takes pains to reassert his beleaguered identity, to think through the terms of the prejudices he faced up to, and, in his own terms, “to embrace a wounded name.”
RECOGNIZING THE PUBLIC RIGHT TO HEALTHCARE: THE APPROACH OF BRAZILIAN COURTS
Authors: Perlingeiro Ricardo 
Published: March 2015

This paper considers aspects of the judicialization of health care policy in Brazil. It discusses the issue in the context of the separation of the powers of government, judicial protection of the public right to healthcare, the so-called “technical administrative discretionary prerogatives,” and finally, the need for a budget to provide for the efficacy of court decisions. To further the analysis of Brazil’s treatment of the judicialization of politics this paper also compares Brazil’s experience with the experience of other countries witnessing the same phenomenon.
ALGUNAS REFLEXIONES SOBRE LA DELEGACION LEGISLATIVA EN ESTADOS UNIDOS DE NORTEAMÉRICA Y EN LA REPÚBLICA ARGENTINA
Authors: Alianak Raquel Cynthia 
Published: March 2015

El trabajo analiza aspectos sobresalientes de la delegación legislativa en una visión comparativa histórica y actual entre los sistemas jurídicos de Estados Unidos de Norteamérica y la República Argentina. Este relevante instituto es focalizado comparativamente en su evolución, a través de los distintos estadios de interpretación judicial por los que ha atravesado en ambos regímenes legales.
Protection for the Sentient in the Nonideal World: A Review of Robert Garner’s A Theory of Justice for Animals
Authors: Milburn Josh 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Presenting a series of powerful arguments, Robert Garner proposes that animal rights must be considered within the discourse on justice. The book offers an ideal theory of animal rights as well as a more achievable nonideal theory which we must use to get to the ideal, rejecting an array of alternative positions. The work contains much that is of value to animal ethicists, such as a novel consideration of the argument from marginal cases, and much that will be convincing for those political thinkers and ethicists not already convinced of the moral significance of nonhuman animals. The text occasionally falls into an unfortunate "us and them" dynamic, and practical considerations are, in places, underdeveloped. These shortcomings do not detract from the value of the work, and the book comes highly recommended: It is readable, rigorous and, most importantly, highly convincing.
“A Provisional Alignment”: Toward the Formation of a “We” (That We Are)
Authors: Gustafsson Simone 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This article is a review of Tom Tyler’s CIFERAE: A Bestiary in Five Fingers, a timely and crucial contribution to critical animal studies scholarship. CIFERAE is a remarkable and careful analysis of epistemological anthropocentrism+in particular, what Tyler calls a "first-and-foremost anthropocentrism"--and the ways in which animals "figure" in the history of Western thought. Moreover, the text prompts a critique of "the human" and the formation of the "we." As such, Tyler’s philosophical investigation or bestiary pertains not only to theories of knowledge, but it holds significant ethical and political implications.
A Rabbit Model of Fat Graft Recipient Site Preconditioning Using External Negative Pressure
Authors: Lee Jung Woo , Han Yea Sik , Kim Sin Rak , Kim Han Kyeol , Kim Hyun , Park Jin Hyung 
Published: March 2015

Background Fat is widely used in soft tissue augmentation. Nevertheless, it has an unpredictably high resorption rate. Clinically, external expansion with negative pressure is used to increase fat graft survival. In this study, fat graft recipient sites were preconditioned by external application of negative pressure in order to test for improvements in vascularity and fat graft survival.
Methods Negative pressure was applied randomly to either the left or right dorsal ear of 20 New Zealand male white rabbits at a pressure of -125 mm Hg. The negative pressure was removed one week after the skin perfusion was measured. The skin flap at each ear was elevated, and 1 g of fat was grafted above the dorsal perichondrium. After one week, the fat weight, microvessel density, mature vessel density of the skin and fat, and amount of glycerol released were measured. Three months after the grafting, the same measurements were performed, with the exception of glycerol release.
Results The fat survival rate of the experimental group (75.4%±3.9%) was higher than that of the control group (53.1%±4.3%) (P<0.001). Skin perfusion was higher in the experimental group. The glycerol release in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the control. The microvessel density of the skin and fat was significantly higher in the experimental group. Three months after the grafting, the skin and fat mature vessel density was significantly higher in the experimental groups.
Conclusions Negative pressure prior to fat grafting increased the vascularity of the recipient site, and, accordingly, enhanced fat graft survival.
Retrospective Analysis of the One-per-Million Tumescent Technique in Post-Burn Hand Deformity Surgeries
Authors: Prasetyono Theddeus OH , Koswara Astrid Felicia 
Published: March 2015

Background The use of a tourniquet in hand surgery is generally accepted as necessary to create a clear visualization of the operative field. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of one-per-million tumescent solution (1:1,000,000 epinephrine concentration) in creating a bloodless operative field in post-burn hand deformity surgeries performed without a tourniquet.
Methods This retrospective observational study was conducted on a series of 12 patients with post-burn hand deformities who underwent surgery between February 2013 and January 2014. A total of 29 operative fields were recorded. The one-per-million tumescent solution was used for hemostatis instead of a tourniquet. The clarity of the operative field, volume of solution injected, duration of surgery, scar thickness and density, and functional outcomes at least three months after the surgery were observed. The relationship of scar thickness and density with the clarity of the operative field was analyzed with the chi-square test.
Results Of the 29 operative fields in which the one-per-million tumescent technique was used, 48.2% were totally bloodless, 44.8% had minimal bleeding, and 6.9% had an acceptable level of bleeding. Both scar thickness and density were shown to have a significant relationship with operative field clarity (P<0.05).
Conclusions The one-per-million tumescent technique is effective in facilitating post-burn hand deformity surgeries involving meticulous, multiple, and lengthy procedures by creating a relatively clear operative field without the use of a tourniquet. Although scar thickness and density are associated with the clarity of the operative field, this technique can be considered safe and effective in creating a clear operative field.
Early Intervention for Low-Temperature Burns: Comparison between Early and Late Hospital Visit Patients
Authors: Choi Matthew Seung Suk , Lee Ho Joon , Lee Jang Hyun 
Published: March 2015

Background Various focal heating devices are popular in Korea under the cultural influence of the traditional ondol under-floor method of home heating. These devices can cause severe burn-like injuries resulting from device malfunction or extended with low heat contact. In addition to injuries under these high heat contact, burns can be occurred by low heat exposure with prolonged periods despite the devices are properly functioning. In order to develop strategies to reduce the duration of periods of illness due to low-temperature burns, we analyzed and compared treatment methods and therapeutic periods for this type of injury.
Methods This retrospective study included 43 patients burned under low heat conditions. Patients were divided into an operative group and a conservative group. The patients in the operative group underwent at least one surgical excision, and were further subdivided into early and late visit groups. The conservative group was treated only with dressings. We compared the treatment periods between the operative group and the conservative group, and also compared the preparation periods and treatment periods between the two operative groups.
Results The average treatment period was significantly shorter in the operative group (P=0.02). In the early visit operative group, both wound preparation and treatment were briefer than in the late visit group.
Conclusions We recommend that early proper burn care and early surgical intervention, including appropriate excision, are feasible ways to reduce the treatment period of low-temperature burn patients.
The Preventive Effect of Topical Zafirlukast Instillation for Peri-Implant Capsule Formation in Rabbits
Authors: Kang Shin Hyuk , Shin Kee Cheol , Kim Woo Seob , Bae Tae Hui , Kim Han Koo , Kim Mi Kyung 
Published: March 2015

Background Capsular contracture is the most troublesome complication in breast implant surgery. Although capsule formation can be seen as a normal reaction to a foreign body, it can induce pain, hardness, deformity, and other pathologic problems. Surgical intervention is required in severe cases, but even surgery cannot guarantee a successful outcome without recurrence. This experimental study confirms that single topical administration of leukotriene antagonist zafirlukast (Accolate, Astrazeneca) reduces peri-implant capsule formation and prevents capsular contracture.
Methods Twelve smooth-surfaced cohesive gel implants were implanted in New Zealand White rabbits. These miniature implants were designed to be identical to currently used products for breast augmentation. The rabbits were divided into 2 groups. In the experimental group (n=6), the implant and normal saline with zafirlukast were inserted in the submuscular pocket. In the control group (n=6), the implant and normal saline alone were used. Two months later, the implants with peri-implant capsule were excised. We evaluated capsule thickness and collagen pattern and performed immunohistochemical staining of myofibroblasts, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, 2.
Results The thickness of the capsules in the experimental group was reduced in both dorsal and ventral directions. The collagen pattern showed parallel alignment with low density, and the number of myofibroblasts as well as the amounts of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 were reduced in the experimental group.
Conclusions We suggest that single topical administration of leukotriene antagonist zafirlukast can be helpful in reducing capsule formation and preventing capsular contracture via myofibroblast suppression, modulation of fibroblastic cytokines, and anti-inflammatory effect.
Non-Melanocytic Benign Tumors of the Face: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Lee Kyoung Min , Lim Jung Soo , Min Kyung Hee , Lee Jong Hun , Hong Sung Hee , Lee Hye Kyung 
Published: March 2015

Background Although plastic surgeons daily encounter various facial tumors in the field, reports limited on face are scarce. In our study, we want to provide basic epidemiologic data to help clinicians to decide the proper management for their patients.
Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients including age and gender, location and size of the tumor, histopathologic result, recurrence, type of anesthesia and any associated disorders who had undergone a surgical removal of their facial tumors and received the histopathologic report in the same institution between January 2009 and October 2012.
Results One hundred eighty-nine patients with 203 non-melanocytic benign tumors were included. The most frequent site of tumors was the central subunit of the forehead, followed by the lateral subunit of the cheek and the auricular unit. Of 36 different histopathologic results, the epidermal cyst was most frequent, followed by lipoma, pilomatricoma and osteoma. Statistical analysis showed that males were dominant in the epidermal cyst and lipoma groups. While, females were dominant in the osteoma and pilomatricoma groups. No associations were found between lesions and other diseases.
Conclusions Our study is the at most specific and concentrated study on non-melanocytic benign tumors of the face. We expect the epidemiologic data of our study may help plastic surgeons who are confronted with so many facial lesions in the field to decide on the most proper management for their patients.
Preterm premature rupture of membranes at 32–34 weeks of gestation: duration of membrane rupture period and maternal blood indicators relation with congenital infection
Authors: Daunoravičienė Ieva , Lenkutienė Rūta , Musteikytė Audrė , Ramašauskaitė Diana 
Published: March 2015

Background. The study investigates the influence of the length of membrane rupture period among pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) between the 32nd and 34th weeks of gestation on the development of chorioamnionitis and the congenital infection of a newborn. It seeks to ascertain the values of indicators in mother’s blood that enable to predict chorioamnionitis and funisitis for mothers, and congenital infection for newborns.
Materials and methods. A retrospective study of case records of women with PPROM at 32 (32 w. + 0 d)–34 (33 w. + 6 d) weeks of gestation and their newborns was performed. Two comparative groups were made: 1) of women who had funisitis and / or chorioamnionitis with or without deciduitis and 2) of women having no proved inflammation (according to the results of histological examination of placentae). Analogically, comparative groups were made of their newborns: those who had diagnosis of congenital infection and those who had no infection. The duration of membrane rupture period and the blood markers were investigated in all the groups.
Results. The study included 135 women. Duration of the membrane rupture period lasted 85.17 ± 84.72 hrs in the group of women who had histological inflammation, and 40.06 ± 56.57 hrs in the group with no inflammation, P = 0.01, AUC = 0.735; the critical membrane rupture period value for developing intrauterine infection by the Youden index was 43.7 hrs. The corresponding maternal CRP values (mg/l) were 25.85 ± 40.27 vs. 5.23 ± 7.88 (P = 0.01, AUC = 0.6), the Youden index 4.6 mg/l. For the mothers of the newborns diagnosed with infection, the duration of the membrane rupture period was 55.95 ± 65.04 hrs, for the mothers of the newborns without congenital infection it was 40.25 ± 73.71 hours. Respectively, CRP values for the mothers of newborns averaged 12.25 ± 22.14 mg/l vs. 4.8 ± 4.82 mg/l (P = 0.005).
Conclusions. Longer membrane rupture period and higher maternal CRP are correlated with inflammatory changes in the placenta and umbilical cord, thus they can be used as the prognostic indicators of intrauterine infection. When the duration of the membrane rupture period lasts ≥44 hrs, the risk of chorioamnionitis and funisitis increases five times; when the maternal serum CRP is higher than 5 mg/l, funisitis / chorioamnionitis is twice more frequent than at lower than 5 mg/l CRP values.
First experience of salvage HDR brachytherapy after prostate cancer radiotherapy
Authors: Kišonas Juras , Burneckis Arvydas , Ivanauskas Andrius , Mickevičius Romualdas , Vėželis Alvydas 
Published: March 2015

Introduction. Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common oncologic disease among men. The number of patients with recurrent PC after primary radiotherapy is increasing, unfortunately, criteria for the choice among different treatment methods for these patients have not been defined yet. Salvage treatment options include prostatectomy, brachytherapy (BT), cryotherapy, thermoablation, and high frequency ultrasound. The lack of long-term evaluation of the toxicity and influence on the survival of patients after salvage high-dose-rate (HDR) BT is an important problem when considering this treatment option. In this study we have analyzed the treatment results of twelve patients who were diagnosed with local recurrent prostate cancer after primary radiotherapy and then treated with HDR BT.
Materials and methods. Patients were treated with salvage HDR BT between January 2013 and February 2014 at the Institute of Oncology, Vilnius University
Results. Average age of the patients at the time of salvage treatment was 67.5 years (min 54 years, max 76 years). The PSA value at the salvage treatment was from 2.06 ng/ml to 9.20 ng/ml. The time from the initial diagnosis till the salvage treatment was from 33 months to 134 months. All 24 procedures were successful and without any early complications.
Conclusions. HDR BT is a presumable and safe treatment option for local prostate cancer recurrence after primary radiotherapy. Prospective clinical trial is initiated to evaluate survival, long-term toxicity and predictive value of different biomarkers.
Predictions of the highest potential transmissivity of fractures in fault zones from rock rheology: Preliminary results
Authors: Ishii Eiichi 
Published: March 2015

AbstractFracture transmissivity in a fault zone is a significant parameter when solving certain geoscientific and geotechnical problems. However, the transmissivities are difficult to predict quantitatively owing to the complexity of in situ conditions such as the apertures of fractures. This study analyzes extensive data sets on flow anomalies (transmissive zones) detected from fluid/flow logs of boreholes in fault zones in the light of rock rheology, fracture mineralization/dissolution, and fracture orientation at six sites, namely Horonobe (Japan; siliceous mudstone), Wellenberg (Switzerland; argillaceous marl), Forsmark (Sweden; granite/granodiorite), Olkiluoto (Finland; gneiss), Northern Switzerland (granite/gneiss), and Sellafield (UK; volcaniclastic rocks and sandstone). The flow anomalies are correlated to fractures in fault zones. The data sets show that the transmissivities of the flow anomalies are strongly controlled by the ductility index, defined as the effective mean stress normalized to the tensile strength of the intact rock. An empirically derived power law relationship exists between the transmissivity and the ductility index, allowing predictions of the highest potential transmissivities of fractures in possible fault zones with maximum errors of about 2 orders of magnitude, due to the inevitable heterogeneity of a fault zone. The actual transmissivities may be further reduced by mineral precipitation in the fractures, or increased by mineral dissolution. Fracture orientation has no discernable influence on the transmissivity. The results may prove helpful for understanding and predicting the long‐term transport properties of fault zones in the upper crust.