bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delayed Surgical Intervention in Central Cord Syndrome with Cervical Stenosis
Authors: Park Moon Soo , Moon Seong-Hwan , Lee Hwan-Mo , Kim Tae-Hwan , Oh Jae Keun , Suh Bo-Kyung , Lee Seung Jin , Riew K. Daniel 
Published: November 2014

Study Design Review of the literature. Objective It is generally accepted that surgical treatment is necessary for central cord syndrome (CCS) with an underlying cervical stenosis. However, the surgical timing for decompression is controversial in spondylotic cervical CCS. The purpose of this study is to review the results of early and delayed surgery in patients with spondylotic cervical CCS. Methods MEDLINE was searched for English-language articles on CCS. There were 1,653 articles from 1940 to 2012 regarding CCS, 5 of which dealt with the timing of surgery for spondylotic cervical CCS. Results All five reports regarding the surgical timing of spondylotic cervical CCS were retrospective. Motor improvement, functional independence measures, and walking ability showed similar improvement in early and late surgery groups in the studies with follow-up longer than 1 year. However, greater improvement was seen in the early surgery group in the studies with follow-up shorter than 1 year. The complication rates did not show a difference between the early and late surgery groups. However, there are controversies regarding the length of intensive care unit stay or hospital stay for the two groups. Conclusions There was no difference in motor improvement, functional independence, walking ability, and complication rates between early and late surgery for spondylotic cervical CCS.
Forward genetic screens in mice uncover mediators and suppressors of metastatic reactivation
Authors: Gao Hua , Chakraborty Goutam , Lee-Lim Ai Ping , Mavrakis Konstantinos J. , Wendel Hans-Guido , Giancotti Filippo G. 
Published: November 2014

Significance
Insights into the mechanisms that enable disseminated cancer cells to survive during dormancy and then outgrow into life-threatening lesions may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets for the prevention or treatment of metastatic disease. We have developed flexible and high-throughput functional genetic screens, which enable the identification of single genetic entities that mediate metastatic reactivation of breast cancer in mice. These screens promise to facilitate the identification of the core signaling pathways that govern metastatic dormancy and reactivation.
Copper is an endogenous modulator of neural circuit spontaneous activity
Authors: Dodani Sheel C. , Firl Alana , Chan Jefferson , Nam Christine I. , Aron Allegra T. , Onak Carl S. , Ramos-Torres Karla M. , Paek Jaeho , Webster Corey M. , Feller Marla B. , Chang Christopher J. 
Published: November 2014

SignificanceCopper is traditionally regarded as a static, tightly bound cofactor in enzymes, but emerging data link more-loosely bound pools to cell signaling. Here we use molecular imaging to identify a role for copper in the brain as a modulator of spontaneous activity of developing neural circuits. First, we directly visualized a labile, loosely bound copper pool in hippocampal neurons and retinal tissue with a newly developed Copper Fluor-3 (CF3) indicator. We then used two-photon calcium imaging as readout of spontaneous activity to show that disruption of labile copper stores by acute chelation or genetic knockdown of the CTR1 (copper transporter 1) copper channel alters the frequency and spatial propagation of neural activity. The results establish the requirement for copper in a fundamental, dynamic property of brain circuitry.
Introduction, and the promise of a plant-derived vaccine for hepatitis B virus.
Authors: Hefferon K. L. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

This chapter focuses on the most recent research involving the generation of vaccines and other therapeutic proteins for the specific purpose of combating infectious diseases which predominate in developing countries, such as Hepatitis B virus. A description of some of the history of this vaccine and where things lie at present with respect to its future use is also provided.
Plant-produced virus-like particles.
Authors: Meyers A. E. , Rybicki E. P. , Hitzeroth I. I. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

This chapter focuses on the processes involved in making virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines in plants. The advantages of making plant-produced vaccines over conventional ones and making them more globally accessible are discussed and the benefits of a better coverage of vaccine use and opportunities for their inclusion in extended immunization programmes are presented.
Patenting of plant-made recombinant pharmaceuticals and access in the developing world.
Authors: Drake P. M. W. , Sadone S. , Thangaraj H. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

This chapter focuses on importance of patents in the production of medicines. The benefits of patent licensing policy in providing greater access to medical innovations and providing considerable benefits to the institution are discussed. The dominance of the public sector in the patenting of plant-made recombinant pharmaceuticals and in the dissemination of any products generated using this technology to the developing world on preferential terms is also highlighted.
Paratransgenic control of Chagas disease.
Authors: Hurwitz I. , Klein N. , Forshaw A. P. , Durvasula R. V. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

This chapter reviews the epidemiology and global distribution, modes of transmission, and control of Chagas' disease (caused by Trypanosoma cruzi). Novel approaches for the control of Chagas' disease are described, including paratransgenic control (in this approach, a symbiotic bacterium within a given disease vector is identified and genetically altered to produce molecules that kill the pathogen), antimicrobial peptides as effector molecules, recombinant single chain antibodies, and use of bacterial β-1,3-glucanase. Environmental consequences of deploying genetically altered lines of bacteria to target field populations of triatomine bugs are also discussed.
Tsetse paratransgenesis: a novel strategy for reducing the spread of African trypanosomiasis.
Authors: Weiss B. L. , Aksoy S. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

Tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) are the sole vectors of cyclical pathogenic trypanosomes in sub-Saharan Africa. Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), or sleeping sickness, is a zoonosis caused by the flagellated protozoa Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense in East and southern Africa and T. brucei gambiense in West and central Africa. This chapter first reviews the endosymbionts of tsetse flies, their transmission routes and functions in the host. It then examines the use of paratransgenic approach to control HAT, by exploiting the ability of transgenic Sodalis (a commensal symbiont of tsetse flies) to express and secrete an effector molecule that interferes with parasite viability. Two types of effector molecules that may be expressed to kill trypanosomes are described: (i) transmission-blocking agents (such as monoclonal antibodies); and (ii) host effector peptides. Finally, mechanisms to spread laboratory-generated, parasite-resistant tsetse flies into natural field populations are discussed.
Economics of transgenic insects for field release.
Authors: Mumford J. D. , Carrasco L. R. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

The implementation of transgenic insects as components of pest management systems depends on the economic viability of the process in individual cases. The use of radiation-induced sterility in the sterile insect technique (SIT), inundative biological control releases and live vaccine baits provide some precedents for economic analysis of self-limiting transgenic applications. Classical biological control and the introduction of exotic pollinators provide examples for economic analysis of potential self-sustaining applications of transgenic insects. These examples illustrate several general issues that will affect the economic evaluation of transgenic insect applications, such as the choice of temporal and spatial dimensions to be used in assessing costs and impacts, assumptions and estimates of uncertainty in projections of costs, performance and impacts, how to capture benefits and attribute costs, and distinctions between public and private roles in implementation. All these issues are discussed in this chapter.
Public acceptability of new insect vector control technologies.
Authors: King K. F. , Kolopack P. , Zahabi-Bekdash L. , Lavery J. V. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

This chapter discusses several challenges to public acceptability of new insect vector control technologies (such as transgenics and biological control), including the nature of incentives in research product development, historical injustices in low- and middle-income countries, and the controversial nature of some new vector technologies. It is argued that some of these challenges, particularly those related to historical injustices and controversial technologies, can be addressed by greater attention to community engagement (CE). CE is viewed as a way for affected communities to have a say in what new vector technologies are deployed to protect them, and how these deployments are conducted. It is stressed that CE, formal government approvals and individual and household level informed consent, where appropriate, together constitute a robust logic and architecture for determining public acceptability.
Message without a Coda: On the Rhetoric of Photographic Records
Authors: Morimoto Ryo 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis article investigates the rhetoric of the photographic object in the context of the 3.11 disasters in Japan, where this particular object became essential for both commemorating the loss and communicating to future generations about the danger of a large-scale disaster. Through ethnography of the two different subcultures of photographic laboratory, the article documents various sign processes of the disaster-related photograph and argues that in the context of a sudden disaster, both the duty to remember the past and the hope for alternative trajectories for the future are grounded in the same regimented meaning of a particular object which nonetheless can be used to express different subjectivities. As a free-floating object, the photograph is by its nature antisemiotic in that it resists interpretation unless its visual persuasion is domesticated by “ethnometapragmatics,” that is, the highly coded cultural talk about the sociocultural, political, and historical significance of the image or a set of images.
Multicenter Evaluation of Computer Automated versus Traditional Surveillance of Hospital-Acquired Bloodstream Infections
Authors: Lin Michael Y. , Woeltje Keith F. , Khan Yosef M. , Hota Bala , Doherty Joshua A. , Borlawsky Tara B. , Stevenson Kurt B. , Fridkin Scott K. , Weinstein Robert A. , Trick William E. 
Published: November 2014

Objective.Central line–associated bloodstream infection (BSI) rates are a key quality metric for comparing hospital quality and safety. Traditional BSI surveillance may be limited by interrater variability. We assessed whether a computer-automated method of central line–associated BSI detection can improve the validity of surveillance.Design.Retrospective cohort study.Setting.Eight medical and surgical intensive care units (ICUs) in 4 academic medical centers.Methods.Traditional surveillance (by hospital staff) and computer algorithm surveillance were each compared against a retrospective audit review using a random sample of blood culture episodes during the period 2004–2007 from which an organism was recovered. Episode-level agreement with audit review was measured with κ statistics, and differences were assessed using the test of equal κ coefficients. Linear regression was used to assess the relationship between surveillance performance (κ) and surveillance-reported BSI rates (BSIs per 1,000 central line–days).Results.We evaluated 664 blood culture episodes. Agreement with audit review was significantly lower for traditional surveillance (κ [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 0.44 [0.37–0.51]) than computer algorithm surveillance (κ [95% CI] [0.52–0.64]; P = .001). Agreement between traditional surveillance and audit review was heterogeneous across ICUs (P = .001); furthermore, traditional surveillance performed worse among ICUs reporting lower (better) BSI rates (P = .001). In contrast, computer algorithm performance was consistent across ICUs and across the range of computer-reported central line–associated BSI rates.Conclusions.Compared with traditional surveillance of bloodstream infections, computer automated surveillance improves accuracy and reliability, making interfacility performance comparisons more valid.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;35(12):1483–1490
Blood Pressure in Healthy Pregnancy and Factors Associated With No Mid-Trimester Blood Pressure Drop: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Salles Gil F. , Schlüssel Michael M. , Farias Dayana R. , Franco-Sena Ana Beatriz , Rebelo Fernanda , Lacerda Elisa M.A. , Kac Gilberto 
Published: November 2014

BACKGROUND
The well-known mid-trimester drop in blood pressure (BP) during normal pregnancy was recently questioned.

OBJECTIVE
To describe longitudinal changes in BP during healthy pregnancies and to investigate factors associated with no mid-trimester drop in BP.

METHODS
A prospective cohort with 158 healthy pregnant women was followed up in a public health care center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We used linear mixed-effects models to estimate longitudinal changes in systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) during pregnancy. Poisson regression models were performed to identify factors associated with no mid-trimester drop in BP.

RESULTS
Significant mid-trimester increase in SBP (5.6mm Hg; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.6–6.7) and DBP (4.4mm Hg; 95% CI = 3.4–5.3) was observed in 44.3% and 39.9% of the sample, respectively. Women (37.1%) who had not a mid-trimester SBP drop still had a DBP drop. White skin color (incidence ratio (IR): 1.71; 95% CI = 1.22–2.39), family history of hypertension (IR: 1.93; 95% CI = 1.29–2.89), early pregnancy obesity (IR: 2.29; 95% CI = 1.27–4.11), outside temperature variation (IR: 1.45; 95% CI = 1.00–2.10), and gestational weight gain from the first to second trimester (IR: 1.71; 95% CI = 1.01–2.88 and IR: 2.32; 95% CI = 1.39–3.89 for second and third tertiles) were characteristics associated with no mid-trimester drop in SBP. The same characteristics were associated with no mid-trimester drop in DBP, except family history of hypertension and outside temperature variation.

CONCLUSIONS
Some women without a mid-trimester SBP drop still present a DBP drop. The different patterns of mid-trimester change in BP seem to be determined by preexisting and pregnancy-related factors.
An efficient TOF-SIMS image analysis with spatial correlation and alternating non–negativity-constrained least squares
Authors: Aram Parham , Shen Lingli , Pugh John A. , Vaidyanathan Seetharaman , Kadirkamanathan Visakan 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Motivation: Advances in analytical instrumentation towards acquiring high-resolution images of mass spectrometry constantly demand efficient approaches for data analysis. This is particularly true of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging where recent advances enable acquisition of high-resolution data in multiple dimensions. In many applications, the distribution of different species from a sampled surface is spatially continuous in nature and a model that incorporates the spatial correlation across the surface would be preferable to estimations at discrete spatial locations. A key challenge here is the capability to analyse the high-resolution multidimensional data to extract relevant information reliably and efficiently.
Results: We propose a framework based on alternating non–negativity-constrained least squares which accounts for the spatial correlation across the sample surface. The proposed method also decouples the computational complexity of the estimation procedure from the image resolution, which significantly reduces the processing time. We evaluate the performance of the algorithm with biochemical image datasets generated from mixture of metabolites.
Contact: p.aram@sheffield.ac.uk
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Psychic Plagiarism: The Death of a Child in Marie Darrieussecq's
Tom est mort
and Camille Laurens's
Philippe
Authors: Robson Kathryn 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

The notion of ‘psychic plagiarism’ was formulated in 2007 when Camille Laurens, the author of
Philippe
, a memoir recounting the death of her son, accused fellow writer Marie Darrieussecq of borrowing from it in her novel
Tom est mort
. In alleging that Darrieussecq had appropriated her loss, Laurens also suggests that any first-person fictional narrative of the death of a child necessarily appropriates others' grief. Rather than debating the charge of plagiarism or determining the extent to which fictional narratives of child death might be deemed inappropriate, this article rethinks what it means to narrate the death of a child in the first person through the notion of ‘psychic plagiarism’. Psychoanalytic and trauma theory are drawn upon alongside close analysis of
Tom est mort
and
Philippe
to theorize a parent's awakening to the death of his or her child as a ‘missed encounter’ engendering an imperative to give testimony to the child as inescapably ‘other’ to the self. My analysis explores how narratives of child death give voice to the Other precisely through a ‘missed encounter’ that is ultimately projected on to the reader, who is awakened to the realization of (having missed) someone else's traumatic loss.
The Ricker wavelet and the Lambert W function
Authors: Wang Yanghua 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe Ricker wavelet has been widely used in the analysis of seismic data, as its asymmetrical amplitude spectrum can represent the attenuation feature of seismic wave propagation through viscoelastic homogeneous media. However, the frequency band of the Ricker wavelet is not analytically determined yet. The determination of the frequency band leads to an inverse exponential equation. To solve this equation analytically a special function, the Lambert W function, is needed. The latter provides a closed and elegant expression of the frequency band of the Ricker wavelet, which is a sample application of the Lambert W function in geophysics and there have been other applications in various scientific and engineering fields in the past decade. Moreover, the Lambert W function is a variation of the Ricker wavelet amplitude spectrum. Since the Ricker wavelet is the second derivative of a Gaussian function and its spectrum is a single-valued smooth curve, numerical evaluation of the Lambert W function can be implemented by a stable interpolation procedure, followed by a recursive computation for high precision.
Clinical Zinc Deficiency as Early Presentation of Wilson Disease
Authors: Van Biervliet Stephanie , Küry Sébastien , De Bruyne Ruth , Vanakker Olivier M. , Schmitt Sébastien , Vande Velde Saskia , Blouin Eric , Bézieau Stéphane 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTWilson disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of the copper metabolism caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the ATP‐ase Cu(2+) transporting polypeptide (ATP7B) gene. The copper accumulation in different organs leads to the suspicion of Wilson disease. We describe a child with clinical zinc deficiency as presenting symptom of Wilson disease, which was confirmed by 2 mutations within the ATP7B gene and an increased copper excretion.
Exact solutions of linear reaction-diffusion processes on a uniformly growing domain: Criteria for successful colonization
Authors: Simpson Matthew J 
Published: November 2014

AbstractMany processes during embryonic development involve transport and reaction of molecules, or transport and proliferation of cells, within growing tissues. Mathematical models of such processes usually take the form of a reaction-diffusion partial differential equation (PDE) on a growing domain. Previous analyses of such models have mainly involved solving the PDEs numerically. Here, we present a framework for calculating the exact solution of a linear reaction-diffusion PDE on a growing domain. We derive an exact solution for a general class of one-dimensional linear reaction-diffusion process on 0 <x<L(t), whereL(t) is the length of the growing domain. Comparing our exact solutions with numerical approximations confirms the veracity of the method. Furthermore, our examples illustrate a delicate interplay between: (i) the rate at which the domain elongates, (ii) the diffusivity associated with the spreading density profile, (iii) the reaction rate, and (iv) the initial condition. Altering the balance between these four features leads to different outcomes in terms of whether an initial profile, located nearx= 0, eventually overcomes the domain growth and colonizes the entire length of the domain by reaching the boundary wherex=L(t).
The role of house price indices in managing the integration of finance and housing markets in the European Union
Authors: Grover Richard , Grover Christine 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The article aims to examine why residential property price indices (RPPI) are important, particularly in the European Union (EU) with its highly integrated financial system and examines the problems in developing a pan-European price index that aggregates the indices of different countries.

Design/methodology/approach
– The reasons why RPPI are important is explored through a review of the literature on residential price bubbles and the issues with the indices through studies of individual examples.

Findings
– Financial integration in the EU has taken place without adequate consideration having been given to diversity in residential property markets. The development of means of monitoring them has lagged behind integration with the national price indices using a variety of methods and approaches to data that limit the extent to which they can be aggregated.

Originality/value
– The article shows the need for better quality data about house price trends in Europe if the consequences of future bubbles are to be avoided. Current initiatives are unlikely to satisfy this, as they leave too many choices about methodology and data in the hands of individual countries.
Regional house price cycles in the UK, 1978-2012: a Markov switching VAR
Authors: Azad Chowdhury Rosen , Maclennan Duncan 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– This paper aims to use Markov switching vector auto regression (MSVAR) methods to examine UK house price cycles in UK regions at NUTS1 level. There is extensive literature on UK regional house price dynamics, yet empirical work focusing on the duration and magnitude of regional housing cycles has received little attention. The research findings indicate that the regional structure of UK exhibits that UK house price changes are best described as two large groups of regions with marked differences in the amplitude and duration of the cyclical regimes between the two groups.

Design/methodology/approach
– MSVAR principal component analysis NUTS1 data are used.

Findings
– The housing cycles can be divided into two super regions based on magnitude, duration and the way they behave during recession, boom and sluggish periods. A north-south divide, a uniform housing policy and a monetary policy increase the diversion among the regions.

Research limitations/implications
– Markov switching needs high-frequency data and long time spans.

Practical implications
– Questions a uniform housing policy in a heterogeneous housing market. Questions the impact of monetary policy on a heterogeneous housing market. The way the recovery of the housing market varies among regions depends on regional economic performance, housing market structure and the labour market. House price convergence, beta-convergence.

Originality/value
– No such work has been done looking at duration and magnitude of regional housing cycles. A new econometric method was used.