bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between online searches and suicide
Authors: Acosta-González Nicolás , Gallegos Francisco , Mosquera Diana 
Published: July 2024

Aims: In this study, we examined the relationship between 131 suicide related Google search terms, grouped into nine categories, and the number of suicide cases per month in Ecuador from January 2011 to December 2021. Methods: First, we applied time-series analysis to eliminate autocorrelation and seasonal patterns to prevent spurious correlations. Second, we used Pearson’s correlation to assess the relationship between Google search terms and suicide rates. Third, cross-correlation analysis was used to explore the potential delayed effects between these variables. Fourth, we extended the correlation and cross-correlation analyses by three demographic characteristics – gender, age, and region. Results: Significant correlations were found in all categories between Google search trends and suicide rates in Ecuador, with predominantly positive and moderate correlations. The terms ‘stress’ (.548), ‘prevention’ (.438), and ‘disorders’ (.435) showed the strongest associations. While global trends indicated moderate correlations, sensitivity analysis revealed higher coefficients in men, young adults, and the Highlands region. Specific patterns emerged in subgroups, such as ‘digital violence’ showing significant correlations in certain demographics, and ‘trauma’ presenting a unique temporal pattern in women. In general, cross correlation analysis showed an average negative correlation of −.191 at lag 3. Conclusion: Google search data do not provide further information about users, such as demographics or mental health records. Hence, our results are simply correlations and should not be interpreted as causal effects. Our findings highlight a need for tailored suicide prevention strategies that recognize the complex dynamics of suicide risk across demographics and time periods.
Fast and robust learned single-view depth-aided monocular visual-inertial initialization
Authors: Merrill Nathaniel , Geneva Patrick , Katragadda Saimouli , Chen Chuchu , Huang Guoquan 
Published: July 2024

In monocular visual-inertial navigation, it is desirable to initialize the system as quickly and robustly as possible. A state-of-the-art initialization method typically constructs a linear system to find a closed-form solution using the image features and inertial measurements and then refines the states with a nonlinear optimization. These methods generally require a few seconds of data, which however can be expedited (less than a second) by adding constraints from a robust but only up-to-scale monocular depth network in the nonlinear optimization. To further accelerate this process, in this work, we leverage the scale-less depth measurements instead in the linear initialization step that is performed prior to the nonlinear one, which only requires a single depth image for the first frame. Importantly, we show that the typical estimation of all feature states independently in the closed-form solution can be modeled as estimating only the scale and bias parameters of the learned depth map. As such, our formulation enables building a smaller minimal problem than the state of the art, which can be seamlessly integrated into RANSAC for robust estimation. Experiments show that our method has state-of-the-art initialization performance in simulation as well as on popular real-world datasets (TUM-VI, and EuRoC MAV). For the TUM-VI dataset in simulation as well as real-world, we demonstrate the superior initialization performance with only a 0.3 s window of data, which is the smallest ever reported, and validate that our method can initialize more often, robustly, and accurately in different challenging scenarios.
EFL Special Education Teachers’ Perspectives: Evaluating Game-Based Learning for ADHD Behavioral Disorders
Authors: Mohamed Amr M. , Shaaban Tahany S. , Jmaiel Hassen Alazhar 
Published: July 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the perspectives of English as a Foreign Language Special Education teachers (EFLSE) regarding game-based learning approaches for addressing behavioral disorders in ADHD patients. Method: The study involved a sample ( n = 131) of EFLSE teachers who completed a questionnaire to determine how feasible, acceptable, and helpful they found game-based learning. Results: The study revealed that EFLSE teachers perceive game-based learning to be a feasible and acceptable method for engaging ADHD students and helping to maintain their attention during game-based learning activities. Nevertheless, implementation and individualized approaches are cited as challenges. Additionally, EFLSE teachers emphasized the benefits of game-based learning, including improved problem-solving, assessment methods, collaboration, and the acquisition of academic skills. Conclusions: The study contributes insights for educators, policymakers, and researchers that can support the development of evidence-based interventions offering game-based learning for students with ADHD.
Social workers’ perspectives on adapting methods during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Khatib Anwar , Kapolnik Erga , Abo-Rass Fareeda 
Published: July 2024

Summary This study sought to investigate the experiences and adaptations of social workers during the transition from face-to-face to online interventions amid the initial wave of COVID-19 in Israel. In-depth interviews were conducted with 27 social workers who had exclusively delivered face-to-face treatment before. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the interviews. Findings Data analysis revealed five primary themes concerning the transition from face-to-face face-to-face to online interventions, highlighting the challenges faced by social workers during this shift. The adjustment process was swift and often involuntary. It initiated with a shock stage, marked by difficulties in accepting the new reality due to uncertainties related to technical aspects, technological means, and social workers’ attitudes toward the transition. The process concluded with social workers accepting the new reality, discovering new meanings, and gaining insights into themselves, the method, and the process. Applications Integrating the online method into the training processes of social workers could have mitigated most challenges encountered during the transition between treatment methods. Shifts in attitudes and perceptions towards the online method result from practical experience and serve as the foundation for its application in professional work, enabling the realization of its benefits.
Predictive analytics for early detection of hospital-acquired complications: An artificial intelligence approach
Authors: Mukhtar Syed Aqif , McFadden Benjamin R , Islam Md Tauhidul , Zhang Qiu Yue , Alvandi Ehsan , Blatchford Philippa , Maybury Samantha , Blakey John , Yeoh Pammy , McMullen Brendon C 
Published: July 2024

Background: Hospital-acquired complications (HACs) have an adverse impact on patient recovery by impeding their path to full recovery and increasing healthcare costs. Objective: The aim of this study was to create a HAC risk prediction machine learning (ML) framework using hospital administrative data collections within North Metropolitan Health Service (NMHS), Western Australia. Method: A retrospective cohort study was performed among 64,315 patients between July 2020 to June 2022 to develop an automated ML framework by inputting HAC and the healthcare site to obtain site-specific predictive algorithms for patients admitted to the hospital in NMHS. Univariate analysis was used for initial feature screening for 270 variables. Of these, 77 variables had significant relationship with any HAC. After excluding non-contemporaneous data, 37 variables were included in developing the ML framework based on logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT) and random forest (RF) models to predict occurrence of four specific HACs: delirium, aspiration pneumonia, pneumonia and urinary tract infection. Results: All models exhibited similar performance with area under the curve scores around 0.90 for both training and testing datasets. For sensitivity, DT and RF exceeded LR performance while on average, false positives were lowest for LR-based models. Patient’s length of stay, Charlson Index, operation length and intensive care unit stay were common predictors. Conclusion: Integrating ML-based risk detection systems into clinical workflows can potentially enhance patient safety and optimise resource allocation. LR-based models exhibited best performance. Implications: We have successfully developed a “real-time” risk prediction model, where patient risk scores are calculated and reviewed daily.
The Chemical Composition of Essential Oil and Headspace Volatiles of Balkan Endemic Taxon Achillea ×vandasii Velen
Authors: Jevtović Snežana Č. , Stojković Jelena P. , Mitić Zorica S. , Niketić Marjan S. , Stojanović Gordana S. 
Published: July 2024

Background Genus Achillea L., one of the largest and the most taxonomically complicated genera of the Asteraceae family, has a complex phyletic structure due to excessive hybridization and polyploidy, which especially occurs among species from the Achillea section. Although the genus has been investigated in detail, a hybrid Achillea ×vandasii Velen has not been studied for volatile profiles. Thus, this study aimed to analyze and compare headspace volatiles (HSVs) from rosette leaf, stem leaf, stem, and inflorescence as well as essential oil (EO) of plant aerial parts. Methods The chemical composition of the headspace volatiles and essential oil of a hybrid Achillea ×vandasii Velen. were analyzed by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results The distribution among HSVs depends on the plant organ investigated. Generally, monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes were dominant in all headspace samples, primarily 1,8-cineole followed by α-pinene and β-pinene. Sesquiterpenoids were absent or presented in a low percentage. Unlike HSVs, the EO was abundant in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and their oxygenated derivates. Among all, caryophyllene oxide, α-cadinol, and germacrene D were dominant in the studied essential oil. Conclusions The results showed that the qualitative and quantitative composition of studied headspace volatiles and essential oil differ significantly in terms of terpene content. Considering the hybrid origin of the studied taxon and obtained volatile profiles, the tested hybrid shows no or very weak agreement with the parental species.
Evaluating the Connection Between Rural Travel Time and Health: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Older Adults Living in the Northeast United States
Authors: Hearn Madison , Pinto Casey , Moss Jennifer L. 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: To characterize the impact of rural patients’ travel time to obtain healthcare on their reported utilization of preventive healthcare services and personal health outcomes. Methods: Online survey data from rural adults ages 50+ years living in the Northeastern United States were collected from February to August 2021. Study measures included self-reported travel time to obtain healthcare, use of preventive healthcare, and health outcomes. The associations between travel time with use of preventive care and health outcomes were assessed using linear, Poisson, and logistic regression analyses controlling for demographic variables. Results: Our study population included 1052 rural adults, with a mean travel time of 18.5 min (range: 0-60). Travel time was greater for racial/ethnic minority participants and for higher-income participants (both P < .05), but it was not associated with use of preventive healthcare. Greater travel time was associated with poorer mental health and more comorbidities, including cancer and diabetes (all P < .05). Conclusions: Travel time varied by patient demographic factors, and it was associated with mental health and comorbidities. There was no association between travel time and preventive care use, suggesting that other barriers likely contribute to suboptimal use of these services within rural communities. Further research is needed to elucidate the causal pathways linking travel time to mental health and comorbidities within rural communities, as increased travel may exacerbate intrarural health disparities.
Pediatric Quadricuspid Aortic Valve: Morphology, Characteristics, Clinical Outcomes, and Literature Review
Authors: Holthe Jordan , Javed Rabia , Cetta Frank , Stephens Elizabeth H. , Johnson Jonathan N. , Hagler Donald J. , Niaz Talha 
Published: July 2024

Background Quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) is an exceedingly rare congenital heart defect (CHD) which has not been well-defined in a pediatric population. Methods The Mayo Clinic echocardiography database was retrospectively analyzed to identify patients ≤18 years diagnosed with QAV from January 1990 to December 2023. Patients with truncus arteriosus were excluded. All images were independently reviewed to define morphology of the QAV by using the Hurwitz and Roberts classification. Results Fourteen patients with QAV were identified with a median age at time of diagnosis being 10.5 years (interquartile range [IQR] 6-14 years). Male-to-female ratio was 3:1. Associated CHDs were present in 50% (n = 7) patients. The most common morphological subtypes of QAV were Type D in 43% (n = 6) and Type B in 29% (n = 4). Aortic regurgitation was the most frequently associated valvular abnormality affecting 86% (n = 12) cases, with greater than moderate regurgitation in only two patients. Aortic valve stenosis was observed in 14% (n = 2) patients. Ascending aortic dilatation was present in 21% (3/14) of the cohort, but only 14% (1/7) of isolated QAV patients. At a mean follow up of 11 ± 6.6 years and a median follow-up age of 22 years (IQR 14-27 years), survival was 100% with no primary interventions on the aortic valve or aorta. However, four patients required surgical interventions for associated CHDs. Conclusion Among children with QAV, almost half of the patients had additional CHD. Aortic regurgitation was the predominant hemodynamic abnormality. Long-term survival was excellent with minimal progression during childhood and adolescence.
Establishment of the Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS) for the Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score in a Swedish Population
Authors: Larsson Elin , Brandt Knutsson Sara , Brorsson Annelie , Johansson Christer , Nilsson Helander Katarina 
Published: July 2024

Background: As the use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) is increasing in orthopaedic research, there is also a growing need for a standardized interpretation of these scores, such as the Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS), defined as the value beyond which patients consider themselves well. The Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS) is the only PROM specific for Achilles tendon ruptures. Purpose: To establish the PASS for the ATRS in a Swedish population. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients treated for an acute Achilles tendon rupture at a single institution in Sweden (injured between July 1, 2018, and December 31, 2020) were asked to participate in this study. The patients completed a questionnaire consisting of the ATRS and an anchor question: “How satisfied are you with the result of your treatment?” Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to calculate the PASS threshold for a positive response to the anchor question. Results: Of 516 eligible patients, 316 (61%) were included. The time from injury to completion of the questionnaire ranged from 12 to 27 months. The PASS threshold for the ATRS was found to be 75. The median ATRS of all patients was 80; 66% of patients reached an ATRS ≥75. Overall, 79% of patients were satisfied with the results of their treatment. Conclusion: The estimated PASS for the ATRS was 75 in the general Swedish population at 12 to 27 months after an acute Achilles tendon rupture.
A Longitudinal Elective Facilitates Point-of-Care Ultrasonography Education for Medical Students: An Observational Study
Authors: Crispell Ethan , Nair Malavika , Giesken Max , O’Shea Molly , Sischka Michael , Liu Larry , Weerasekare Jonika , Gregoire James 
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE Determine if a longitudinal point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) elective for medical students is effective in improving POCUS knowledge. METHODS We share the format of our longitudinal POCUS elective for medical students. To evaluate the efficacy of our longitudinal elective, we compare the difference between pre-elective and post-elective scores on a POCUS test using a paired t-test with threshold of statistical significance of p ≤ .05. We also share the results of a post-elective survey evaluating the effectiveness and quality of the longitudinal POCUS elective. RESULTS Pretest mean score was 56.3% (σ = 13.6), while posttest mean score was 73.3% (σ = 9.4), with an average score improvement of 17.0% (95% CI 9.9-24.0%, p < .0001). All students strongly or moderately agreed that they would recommend the elective to future medical students, that they were more confident with their POCUS skills after completing the elective, that the time commitment of the elective was appropriate, and that they felt they had the time to fit the elective into their schedule as a medical school student. Most students (56.7%) strongly or moderately agreed that the knowledge gained from the POCUS elective had helped them in their clinical rotations. CONCLUSIONS Our longitudinal POCUS curriculum subjectively and objectively improves medical students’ POCUS knowledge while remaining accessible to students. We share our unique longitudinal POCUS elective curriculum, the format of which and its benefits are transferable to other medical schools. Through this, we hope to provide others with ideas on how they may implement a longitudinal POCUS elective.
Experiential Learning as a Path to Critical Consciousness in the Medical Curriculum: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Barnidge Ellen , Terhaar Ally , LaBarge Gene , Arthur Joshua 
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVES Clinical settings are increasingly focused on addressing patients’ social needs, thus medical education must prepare future clinicians for this task. Critical consciousness, an awareness that puts health within a broader social, historical, and cultural context, could help shape students’ understanding of patient social needs. Our paper explores how experiential learning through participation in a social care intervention deepened students’ critical consciousness, or their understanding of the systems and structures that make it difficult for patients to meet their basic needs. METHODS We conducted one-on-one semistructured interviews with all 24 students who served as advocates for the intervention. Of the 24 advocates, 75% ( n = 18) were first-year medical students, 17% ( n = 4) were public health students, and 8% ( n = 2) were social work students. Interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using framework analysis. RESULTS We identified themes informed by critical consciousness, including individual (assumptions and biases), interpersonal (communication and relationship), and structural (organization and power) factors. Within these categories, advocates expressed deeper self-awareness of personal biases (individual), the importance of interpersonal communication to build trust with caregivers (interpersonal), and the identification of the structural factors that influence health, such as housing conditions (structural). The advocates highlighted the importance of experiential learning to help them understand social determinants of health. By witnessing multiple patients experiencing social needs, advocates saw the cascading effects of social needs, the structures that make it difficult to meet basic needs, and the effect on health and healthcare behavior. CONCLUSION Students engaged in the intervention demonstrated the development of critical consciousness. Although limited, our findings suggest that when students engage with patients around social needs, students can better understand the broader social context of patients’ lives. Experiential learning through social care interventions may have the potential to influence critical consciousness development and shape the practice of future clinicians.
Elucidating the biotechnological potential of the genera Parageobacillus and Saccharococcus through comparative genomic and pan-genome analysis
Authors: Mol Michael , de Maayer Pieter 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The genus Geobacillus and its associated taxa have been the focal point of numerous thermophilic biotechnological investigations, both at the whole cell and enzyme level. By contrast, comparatively little research has been done on its recently delineated sister genus, Parageobacillus. Here we performed pan-genomic analyses on a subset of publicly available Parageobacillus and Saccharococcus genomes to elucidate their biotechnological potential.

Results
Phylogenomic analysis delineated the compared taxa into two distinct genera, Parageobacillus and Saccharococcus, with P. caldoxylosilyticus isolates clustering with S. thermophilus in the latter genus. Both genera present open pan-genomes, with the species P. toebii being characterized with the highest novel gene accrual. Diversification of the two genera is driven through the variable presence of plasmids, bacteriophages and transposable elements. Both genera present a range of potentially biotechnologically relevant features, including a source of novel antimicrobials, thermostable enzymes including DNA-active enzymes, carbohydrate active enzymes, proteases, lipases and carboxylesterases. Furthermore, they present a number of metabolic pathways pertinent to degradation of complex hydrocarbons and xenobiotics and for green energy production.

Conclusions
Comparative genomic analyses of Parageobacillus and Saccharococcus suggest that taxa in both of these genera can serve as a rich source of biotechnologically and industrially relevant secondary metabolites, thermostable enzymes and metabolic pathways that warrant further investigation.