bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How is digital technology used to facilitate shared decision-making between healthcare professionals and patients in cardiovascular care? A scoping review
Authors: Leysen D , Propst E , Mcgowan H , Pfannerstill F , Crutzen R , Kulnik S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Shared decision-making (SDM) is a patient-centred approach in healthcare that emphasizes patient involvement in the decision-making process.
Digital technologies (DTs), like Mobile apps and website tools, are on the rise in cardiovascular care (CVC) and healthcare in general. But DTs can play a role in facilitating SDM, for example, with tools such as decision aids (DAs) for patients and quality check frameworks for Health care professionals (HCPs).
The aim of this scoping review (ScR) was to identify the types of DTs used to facilitate SDM within the field of CVC and the analysis of how support for SDM is implemented in these technologies; to examine the conceptualizations of SDM utilized in DTs and determine the theories underlying these conceptualizations within the field of CVC; and to present designs, methods, and outcomes of published evaluation studies concerning DTs for SDM within the field of CVC.

Methods
For this scoping review (ScR), ten databases were searched: eight biomedical and two technical databases between January 2022 and March 2022. After deduplicating the literature, the screening was conducted by the author and was independently double-screened by one of the four contributors. The selected articles were then analysed by the author on SDM and DT.

Results
From the initial 5719 search results, finished on the 6th of March 2023. 48 articles were included in this ScR. The PRISMA flow diagram is presented in Figure 1.
All 48 articles were included after the screening report on one of the 31 applications selected in this ScR. The characteristics of the DTs of the applications were analysed as presented in Table 1.
The SDM was all about treatment options, except only one application was on screening tests. Only one application made a direct reference to an SDM model, all the others hat references to literature Defining and explaining SDM.
There is an ambiguous outcome of significance in the reported evaluative studies of these applications. making it important to evaluate which characteristics of DTs are efficacious in the variability of the clinical setting.

Conclusion
There has been an increase in DTs to facilitate SDM in CVC over the past years. Within the scientific literature, there is recognition of a variety of DT characteristics and outcomes of the evaluative studies. It is important to reflect users' needs to choose the right application. It is valuable for developers to see which characteristics of DTs add value to applications.Table 1.Characteristics of DTs
The primary nursing model of remote monitoring in patients with implantable cardiac devices (CIED)
Authors: Faraci A , Coppola G , Corrado E , Novo G 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The treatment of cardiac pathologies with devices has led to an exponential increase in patients with CIED, who need more frequent, more careful check-ups, with a consequent increase in the number and clinical complexity of patients who refer to cardiac stimulation centers.

Aim
The use of remote monitoring makes it possible to have a continuous flow of information relating not only to the performance of the device but also to clinical events such as arrhythmias and heart failure without the need for direct contact, drastically reducing hospital accesses and at the same time promptly detecting any critical issues that require intervention in a more or less short time. The benefits of remote monitoring, as we have seen over the years, intervene at multiple levels, economic, social and clinical.

Materials and methods
Numerous studies have shown how remote monitoring can replace outpatient check-ups without compromising patient safety, reducing resource consumption, while scheduling at least one outpatient follow-up per year as recommended by international guidelines. With the introduction of telecardiology and remote monitoring in clinical practice, new organizational models have been implemented, which harmonize and codify the activity of the various professionals involved in the diagnostic and therapeutic process. This model must guarantee a precise definition of roles and responsibilities, traceability of actions, continuity of care, low consumption of resources, patient satisfaction and acceptance, integration with traditional hospital and out-of-hospital diagnosis and treatment pathways. A model that encompasses all these peculiar features is the PRIMARY NURSE MODEL. Primary nursing is a relationship based and resource driven system of care delivery, the building blocks are: attribution and acceptance by each individual of personal responsibility in making decisions; assignment of day to day care according to the case method; direct person to person communication; a person operationally responsible for the quality of care provided to patients. The decentralised decision making approach is based on three basic concepts: the nurse's decision making authority, responsibility and accountability.

Results and conclusions
The real CORE of this model is represented by the responsibility for the decisions made by a single nurse. Then each patient is assigned to a nurse responsible for continuity of care, whose duties include patient and caregiver education and training, website data entry, review of critical case transmissions and assessments, and submission of critical cases to the physician.
Patients' experiences of a digital group education targeting kinesiophobia after myocardial infarction or atrial fibrillation - a qualitative pilot study
Authors: Karner Kohler A M C , Hyback C , Andreae C , Lans C , Back M , Wijkman M , Johansson P , Mourad G 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Fear of movement (kinesiophobia) is common among patients after a myocardial infarction or atrial fibrillation. The kinesiophobia is developed due to the patients’ beliefs that physical activity may cause re-injury. This negatively affects their ability to perform physical activity which is stated as the first line treatment in present guidelines.

Purpose
To explore how patients with myocardial infarction and/or atrial fibrillation experience participation in a digital group education targeting kinesiophobia and physical activity.

Methods
Seven women (55-81 years) with myocardial infarction and/or atrial fibrillation that had occurred at least 6 months earlier, and kinesiophobia, i.e., score of ≥ 37 on the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia Swedish Version for the Heart, were included. They took part in a digital program that was based on problem-based learning and cognitive behavioural therapy and delivered via a video conferencing platform over 8 weeks and supervised by a nurse or physiotherapist. The program covered topics such as myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, kinesiophobia, physical activity, and exposure. A digital platform with two-factor authentication for login was developed to provide educational materials, including tutorial group scenarios, streamed lectures, factual texts, and homework assignments.
Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with the women via a video conferencing platform after the 8-week program and transcripts were analysed using conventional qualitative content analysis.

Preliminary results
The women felt empowered after the digital encounters and joyful discussions with the group members. The educational materials and their own search for information, which was discussed in the group made them feel enlightened. The kinesiophobia was relieved or gone according to their experiences. This promoted the women to be physically active based on their own preferences. Initially, experiences of stress due to technical problems were felt. The tutor was attentive and enabling in guiding the women during the meetings on the video conferencing platform.

Conclusions
A digital group education targeting kinesiophobia after myocardial infarction and/or atrial fibrillation was experienced as feasible, enlightening, and empowering in a small group of women. The kinesiophobia was relieved or gone. This promoted them to perform physical activity as they preferred, and which is important for their recovery. More and larger studies are needed to show if a digital group educational program via a video conferencing platform can reduce kinesiophobia and promote physical activity after myocardial infarction or atrial fibrillation.
Endoscopic Balloon Dilatation of Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis Strictures in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Dahiya Dushyant Singh , Jena Anuraag , Bapaye Jay , Mohan Babu P , Kassab Lena L , Facciorusso Antonio , Chandan Saurabh , Kochhar Gursimran S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the treatment of choice for medically refractory inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we assess outcomes and safety of endoscopic balloon dilatation (EBD) for IPAA strictures.

Methods
A systematic search of numerous databases was performed through June 2023 to identify studies reporting on the outcomes of EBD in pouch-related strictures. Outcomes included technical success, clinical success at index dilation and in pouch retention, recurrence of symptoms post-EBD, and adverse events of EBD. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model, and results were expressed in terms of pooled rates along with relevant 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran Q statistical test with I2 statistics.

Results
Seven studies with 504 patients were included. The pooled rate of technical success and clinical success of index dilatation was 98.9% (95% CI, 94.8-99.8%; I20%) and 30.2% (95% CI, 7.1-71%; I20%), respectively. The pooled rate of clinical success in pouch retention without the need for additional surgery was 81.4% (95% CI, 69.6-89.3%; I272%). The pooled failure rate of EBD was 18.6% (95% CI, 10.7-30.4%, I272%). The pooled rate of recurrence of symptoms after index dilatation was 58.9% (95% CI, 33.3-80.5%; I213%). The pooled rate of serious adverse events was 1.8% (95% CI, 1-3.5%, I20%). No deaths related to EBD were reported.

Conclusions
Endoscopic balloon dilatation is safe and highly effective for management of IPAA strictures. Additional studies are needed to compare its efficacy with surgical interventions.
Infection spreading in tissue as a reaction-diffusion wave
Authors: Hussain Saddam , Sen Moitri , Volpert Vitaly 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Viral infection develops in the organism due to virus replication inside infected cells and its transmission from infected to uninfected cells through the extracellular matrix or cell junctions. In this work, we model infection spreading in tissue with a delay reaction-diffusion system of equations for the concentrations of uninfected cells, infected cells and virus. We prove the wave existence, determine its speed of propagation and introduce a simplified one-equation model obtained from the complete model using a quasi-stationary approximation.
Finite Total Curvature and Soap Bubbles With Almost Constant Higher-Order Mean Curvature
Authors: Santilli Mario 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Given $ n \geq 2 $ and $ k \in \{2, \ldots , n\} $, we study the asymptotic behaviour of sequences of bounded $C^{2}$-domains, whose $ k $-th mean curvature functions converge in $ L^{1} $-norm to a constant. Under certain curvature assumptions, we prove that finite unions of mutually tangent balls are the only possible limits with respect to convergence in volume and perimeter. The key novelty of our statement lies in the fact that we do not assume bounds on the exterior or interior touching balls.
Effect of collectors of the puerulus of the southern rock lobster Jasus edwardsii (Hutton, 1875) (Decapoda: Achelata: Palinuridae) on lobster catch rates in Tasmania, Australia
Authors: Jayanti Anes D , Gardner Caleb , León Rafael , Ogier Emily , van Putten Ingrid 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
The harvesting of the puerulus of rock, or spiny, lobsters for seed for aquaculture is a large industry throughout the Indo-Pacific region, and an increasing number of puerulus collectors are deployed. Little is known about the ‘crowding effect’ of the collectors and how catch might be influenced by their placement relative to each other owing to a lack of aggregate statistics for puerulus collectors in this region. The rock lobsters puerulus is also collected for fisheries research, as an index of puerulus catches on collectors can provide an indicator of recruitment strength. Both as a management tool and for commercial purposes, the collectors should act independently, not reducing or influencing catch rates on adjacent or other collectors in the area. We explored the independence of collectors of the puerulus of the southern rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii (Hutton, 1875)) using a long-term-data series from four sites on the east coast of Tasmania, Australia. Arrays of collectors were in grid and cross-shaped configurations, with individual collectors spaced three metres apart. Patterns in catches were examined using generalised least squares (GLS) modelling to determine if collectors filter pueruli as they swim shoreward, testing directional, neighbour, edge, and radial effects. The results revealed that there were no significant differences in puerulus settlement among collectors at this scale of spacing, meaning that arrays with collectors even as close as 3 m apart did not interfere with each other. This finding also suggests that collectors at this spacing only capture a small proportion of the available pueruli, allowing a significant number to pass through collector grids, with no significant reduction in catch of collectors further inshore. Such a result implies that it cannot be assumed that recruitment to a natural reef will be reduced by harvesting of pueruli with this type of collector and configuration.
Accumulative cartography: a visual semiotic analysis of online mobile maps
Authors: Baum Igal , Ribak Rivka 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDynamic maps featured in navigation applications draw on conventional cartographic practices for representing the urban environment, engaging drivers and users of public transportation in their efforts to reach their destinations. However, since these maps are produced within an economy of data accumulation, their construction of territory and user-friendly interface are designed to generate value. In this article, we explore what we define as accumulative cartography—mapping designed for the accumulation of data and capital—by developing a semiotic walk-through method for analyzing dynamic maps. Our visual semiotic analysis of Waze, Moovit, and Gett reveals that their maps are personalized, centering on the user; they commodify space, aiming to promote their specific business models; and they are preoccupied with time. We suggest that in contrast to printed maps, dynamic maps don’t provide users with the information required for navigation but instead navigate algorithmically for them, while accumulating their information.
Death and the artificial placenta
Authors: Nelson Anna , Romanis Elizabeth Chloe , Adkins Victoria , Weis Christina , Kuberska Karolina 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Artificial Amnion and Placenta Technology (AAPT)—sometimes referred to as ‘Artificial Womb Technology’—could provide an extracorporeal alternative to bodily gestations, allowing a fetus delivered prematurely from the human uterus to continue development while maintaining fetal physiology. As AAPT moves nearer to being used in humans, important ethical and legal questions remain unanswered. In this paper, we explore how the death of the entity sustained by AAPT would be characterized in law. This question matters, as legal ambiguity in this area has the potential to compound uncertainty and the suffering of newly bereaved parent(s). We first identify the existing criteria used to delineate the legal characterization of death, which occurs before birth or during the immediate neonatal period in England and Wales. We then demonstrate that attempting to apply these in the context of AAPT gives rise to a number of challenges, which make it impossible to reach a definitive conclusion as to the nature of death in AAPT using the current legal framework. In doing so, we demonstrate that the current legal framework in England and Wales may be unable to adequately capture the situation of an entity being sustained by AAPT.
Stochastic prior for non-parametric star-formation histories
Authors: Wan Jenny T , Tacchella Sandro , Johnson Benjamin D , Iyer Kartheik G , Speagle Joshua S , Maiolino Roberto 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
The amount of power contained in the variations in galaxy star-formation histories (SFHs) across a range of time-scales encodes key information about the physical processes which modulate star formation. Modelling the SFHs of galaxies as stochastic processes allows the relative importance of different time-scales to be quantified via the power spectral density (PSD). In this paper, we build upon the PSD framework and develop a physically motivated, ‘stochastic’ prior for non-parametric SFHs in the spectral energy distribution (SED)-modelling code prospector. We test this prior in two different regimes: (1) massive, $z = 0.7$ galaxies with both photometry and spectra, analogous to those observed with the LEGA-C survey, and (2) $z = 8$ galaxies with photometry only, analogous to those observed with NIRCam on JWST. We find that it is able to recover key galaxy parameters (e.g. stellar mass, stellar metallicity) to the same level of fidelity as the commonly used continuity prior. Furthermore, the realistic variability information incorporated by the stochastic SFH model allows it to fit the SFHs of galaxies more accurately and precisely than traditional non-parametric models. In fact, the stochastic prior is $\gtrsim 2\times$ more accurate than the continuity prior in measuring the recent star-formation rates (log SFR$_{100}$ and log SFR$_{10}$) of both the $z = 0.7$ and $z = 8$ mock systems. While the PSD parameters of individual galaxies are difficult to constrain, the stochastic prior implementation presented in this work allows for the development of hierarchical models in the future, i.e. simultaneous SED-modelling of an ensemble of galaxies to measure their underlying PSD.
Non-monotonic relations of galaxy star formation, radius, and structure at fixed stellar mass
Authors: Stephenson Jimena , Rodríguez-Puebla Aldo , Faber S M , Primack Joel R , Avila-Reese Vladimir , Calette A R , Cannarozzo Carlo , Kakos James , Cano-Díaz Mariana , Koo David C , Shankar Francesco , Morell D F 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
We investigate the relation between galaxy structure and star formation rate (SFR) in a sample of $\sim 2.9\times 10^{4}$ central galaxies with $z\lt 0.0674$ and axial ratios $b/a\gt 0.5$. The star-forming main sequence (SFMS) shows a bend around the stellar mass of $M_\ast \le {}M_c=2\times 10^{10}{}{\rm M}_{\odot }$. At $M_\ast \le {}M_c$, the SFMS follows a power-law $\text{SFR}\propto {}M_\ast ^{0.85}$, while at higher masses it flattens. $M_c$ corresponds to a dark matter halo mass of $M_\text{vir}\sim {}10^{11.8}{\rm M}_{\odot }$ where virial shocks occurs. Some galaxy structure (e.g. half-light radius, $R_e$) exhibits a non-monotonic dependence across the SFMS at a fixed $M_\ast$. We find $\text{SFR}\propto {R_e^{-0.28}}$ at fixed $M_\ast$, consistent with the global Kennicutt–Schmidt (KS) law. This finding suggests that galaxy sizes contribute to the scatter of the SFMS. However, at $M_\ast \gt M_c$ the relationship between SFR and $R_e$ diminishes. Low-mass galaxies above the mean of the SFMS have smaller radii, exhibit compact and centrally concentrated profiles resembling green valley (GV) and quiescent galaxies at the same mass, and have higher $M_{\text{H}_2}{/}M_\rm{H\,{\small I}}$. Conversely, those below the SFMS exhibit larger radii, lower densities, have no GV or quiescent counterparts at their mass and have lower $M_{\text{H}_2}/M_\rm{H\,{\small I}}$. The above data suggest two pathways for quenching low-mass galaxies, $M_\ast \le {}M_c$: a fast one that changes the morphology on the SFMS and a slow one that does not. Above $M_c$, galaxies below the SFMS resemble GV and quiescent galaxies structurally, implying that they undergo a structural transformation already within the SFMS. For these massive galaxies, CG are strongly bimodal, with SFMS galaxies exhibiting negative colour gradients, suggesting most star formation occurs in their outskirts, maintaining them within the SFMS.
An ALMA CO(1-0) survey of the 2Jy sample: large and massive molecular discs in radio AGN host galaxies
Authors: Tadhunter C , Oosterloo T , Morganti R , Almeida C Ramos , Martín M Villar , Emonts B , Dicken D 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
The jets of radio AGN provide one of the most important forms of active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback, yet considerable uncertainties remain about how they are triggered. Since the molecular gas reservoirs of the host galaxies can supply key information about the dominant triggering mechanism(s), here we present Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array CO(1-0) observations of a complete sample of 29 powerful radio AGN ($P_{1.4\,{\rm GHz}} \gt 10^{25}$ W Hz$^{-1}$ and $0.05 \lt z \lt 0.3$) with an angular resolution of about 2–3 arcsec (corresponding to 2–8 kpc). We detect molecular gas with masses in the range $10^{8.9} \lt M_{{\rm H}_2} \lt 10^{10.2}$ M$_\odot$ in the early-type host galaxies of ten targets, while for the other 19 sources, we derive upper limits. The detection rate of objects with such large molecular masses – $34\pm 9$ per cent – is higher than in the general population of non-active early-type galaxies (ETGs: $\lt $10 per cent). The kinematics of the molecular gas are dominated in most cases by rotating disc-like structures, with diameters up to 25 kpc. Compared with the results for samples of quiescent ETG in the literature, we find a larger fraction of more massive, more extended and less settled molecular gas structures. In most of the CO-detected sources, the results are consistent with triggering of the AGN as the gas settles following a merger or close encounter with a gas-rich companion. However, in a minority of objects at the centres of rich clusters of galaxies, the accretion of gas cooling from the hot X-ray haloes is a plausible alternative to galaxy interactions as a triggering mechanism.