bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multistage melt/fluid modification of lithospheric mantle beneath the circum-cratonic orogenic belt: Evidence from the Tuoyun peridotite xenoliths
Authors: Bian Xiao , Su Yuping , Zheng Jianping , Wang Jian , Chen Xi , Zhou Liang , Dong Bi’an , Niu Tianyi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The juvenile and moderate refractory mantle beneath the circum-cratonic orogenic belt is traditionally believed to be hotter and thinner than the ancient refractory cratonic mantle; it is thus more unstable and subject to modification by melts/fluids. Understanding these modification processes would help to elucidate the evolution of Earth’s continents. Peridotite xenoliths carried by the Tuoyun Cenozoic lamprophyre from the southwestern Tianshan belt show evidence of widespread multistage melt/fluid modification of the unstable circum-cratonic orogenic belt mantle. Tuoyun peridotites mainly consist of moderately refractory to fertile lherzolites (Mg# in Ol: 85.5–90.7; Cr# in Sp: 12.7–26.5) and show strong mechanical modification. They can be divided into four groups (A, B, C1, and C2) based on petrography and mineral chemistry. Group A lherzolites show relatively high basaltic components (Al2O3, CaO, TiO2, and FeO) and are enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILEs) and rare earth elements (REEs), which indicates melt-peridotite reaction processes at high melt/rock ratios. The high modal pyroxene content in Group A suggests that the addition of high-Si melts caused the transition from olivine to pyroxene. Group B lherzolites show high modal pyroxene but relatively depleted incompatible elements, which should be superimposed by later melt extraction. Comparatively, Group C lherzolites exhibit higher modal olivine but lower basaltic components. The clinopyroxene cores of Group C1 are characterized by high (La/Yb)N and low Ti/Eu content, negative high field strength element (HFSE) anomalies, and relatively high 87Sr/86Sr ratios (cores: 0.70331–0.70457), which suggest metasomatism by carbonatite melts originating from recycled sedimentary carbonate. The Group C1 clinopyroxene (spongy rims) and Group C2 clinopyroxene (cores and spongy rims) have positive Sr anomalies, depleted HFSEs, and spoon-shaped REE patterns, which suggest modification by evolved small-volume and volatile-rich silicate melts. In addition, the melt pockets around spinels and the reactive zones of pyroxenes near the lamprophyre reveal the recent incongruent dissolution induced by the host rock. Based on our research and previously reported geological data, we propose that the high-Si melts and carbonatite melts are the products of dehydration and partial melting of the Paleo-Asian oceanic crust, and lithospheric delamination and fracturing (e.g., the Talas-Fergana strike-slip fault) provided the opportunity for small-volume and volatile-rich silicate melts and basaltic melts to modify the peridotites. Multistage melts/fluids and the deformation process are the protagonists in the evolutionary process of the circum-cratonic lithospheric mantle, with important implications for mantle destabilization and multilayered interaction.
Periprocedural unfractionated heparin bolus during endovascular treatment in acute ischemic stroke does more harm than good
Authors: Wischmann Johannes , Masouris Ilias , Keidel Linus , Tiedt Steffen , Trumm Christoph G , Zimmermann Hanna , Liebig Thomas , Höglinger Günter , Kellert Lars 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundUnfractionated heparin (UFH) bolus is occasionally administered during endovascular treatment (EVT) to reduce thrombotic complications in acute ischemic stroke patients. However, the MR CLEAN-MED trial showed an increase in symptomatic intracranial hemorrhages (sICH) and a non-significant shift towards worse functional outcome with UFH administration. We aimed to analyze the impact of periprocedural UFH bolus in a real-world setting in anterior (ACS) and posterior circulation stroke (PCS) patients.MethodsWe analyzed data from the German Stroke Registry-Endovascular Treatment using propensity score matching. Primary outcome was the modified Rankin Scale at 3 months, and secondary outcome measures included mortality, angiographic outcomes, post-EVT National Institute of Health Stroke Scale scores and ICH at 24 hours.ResultsAmong 13,082 patients, 7948 with ACS (UFH bolus use in 15%) and 841 with PCS (UFH bolus use in 16.3%) were included in the propensity score matching analysis. Applying MR CLEAN-MED study criteria, UFH bolus was associated with worse functional outcomes (odds ratio [OR] 1.44; 95% CI 1.06–1.96). Analyzing all ACS and PCS patients, UFH bolus did not provide any net benefit. In ACS patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), UFH bolus use was associated with worse functional outcomes (OR 2.40; 95% CI 1.34 to 5.06).ConclusionOur findings show transferability of the MR CLEAN-MED results into a real-world setting, confirming a negative effect of periprocedural UFH on functional outcome in this subgroup of patients. Considering all ACS and PCS patients, periprocedural UFH did not provide a net benefit and appears to be harmful, particularly in IVT-treated patients.
Testing the cosmic distance duality relation with Type Ia supernova and transverse BAO measurements
Authors: Wang Min , Fu Xiangyun , Xu Bing , Huang Yang , Yang Ying , Lu Zhenyan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this work, we test the cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR) by comparing the angular diameter distance (ADD) derived from the transverse Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) data with the luminosity distance (LD) from the Pantheon type Ia supernova (SNIa) sample. The binning method and Gaussian process are employed to match ADD data with LD data at the same redshift. First, we use nonparametric and parametric methods to investigate the impact of the specific prior values of the absolute magnitude $$M_\textrm{B}$$

M
B

from SNIa observations and the sound horizon scale $$r_\textrm{s}$$

r
s

from transverse BAO measurements on the CDDR tests. The results obtained from the parametric and non-parametric methods indicate that specific prior values of $$M_\textrm{B}$$

M
B

and $$r_\textrm{s}$$

r
s

lead to significant biases on the CDDR test. Then, to avoid these biases, we propose a method independent of $$M_\textrm{B}$$

M
B

and $$r_\textrm{s}$$

r
s

to test CDDR by considering the fiducial value of $$\kappa \equiv 10^{M_\textrm{B} \over 5}r_\textrm{s}$$

κ
≡

10

M
B

5

r
s

as a nuisance parameter and then marginalizing its influence with a flat prior in the analysis. No violation of the CDDR is found, and the transverse BAO measurement can be used as a powerful tool to verify the validity of CDDR in the cosmological-model-independent method.
Faddeev–Jackiw Hamiltonian formulation for general exotic bi-gravity
Authors: Rodríguez-Tzompantzi Omar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGeneral exotic bi-gravity, obtained in Ozkan et al. (Phys Rev Lett 123(3):031303, 2019), is a unitary parity-preserving model which describes two interacting spin-two fields in three-dimensional spacetime. Adopting a symplectic viewpoint, we investigate the dynamical structure of general exotic bi-gravity theory. In particular, by exploiting the properties of the corresponding pre-symplectic matrix and its associated zero-modes, we explicitly derive all constraints of the theory, including the integrability conditions and scalar relationships between all the parameters and fields defining the model. Then, as an application, these scalar relationships are used for studying the anti-de Sitter background. After that, we derive the gauge transformations for the dynamical variables from the structure of the remaining zero-modes, meaning that such zero-modes are indeed the generators of the gauge symmetry of the theory. Finally, by switching off one of the four coupling constants $$\beta _{n}$$

β
n

and assuming the invertibility of some of the dreibeins, we find that the general exotic bi-gravity theory has two physical degrees of freedom.
Analytical calculation of Kerr and Kerr-Ads black holes in f(R) theory
Authors: Li Ping , Liu Yong-qiang , Yang Jiang-he , Xu Siwei , Zhai Xiang-hua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we extend Chandrasekhar’s method of calculating rotating black holes into f(R) theory. We show that the solution with constant Ricci scalar always exists in a general f(R) gravity and derive the Kerr and Kerr-Ads metric by using the analytical mathematical method. Suppose that the spacetime is a 4-dimensional Riemannian manifold with a general stationary axisymmetric metric, we calculate Cartan’s equation of structure and derive the Einstein tensor. In order to reduce the solving difficulty, we fix the gauge freedom to transform the metric into a more symmetric form. We solve the field equations in the two cases of the Ricci scalar $$R=0$$

R
=
0

and $$R\ne 0$$

R
≠
0

. In the case of $$R=0$$

R
=
0

, the Ernst’s equations are derived. We give the elementary solution of Ernst’s equations and show the way to obtain more solutions including Kerr metric. In the case of $$R\ne 0$$

R
≠
0

, we reasonably assume that the solution to the equations consists of two parts: the first is Kerr part and the second is introduced by the Ricci scalar. Giving solution to the second part and combining the two parts, we obtain the Kerr-Ads metric. The calculations are carried out in a general f(R) theory. Furthermore, the whole solving process can be treated as a standard calculation procedure to obtain rotating black holes, which can be applied to other modified gravities.
Wearable Devices, Health Care Use, and Psychological Well‐Being in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Rosman Lindsey , Lampert Rachel , Zhuo Songcheng , Li Quefeng , Varma Niraj , Burg Matthew , Gaffey Allison E. , Armbruster Tiffany , Gehi Anil 
Published: July 2024

Background
Wearables are increasingly used by patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) for symptom monitoring and health management, but their impact on patient health care use and psychological well‐being is not well understood.

Methods and Results

In this retrospective, propensity‐matched study of patients with AF, survey and electronic health record data were merged to compare AF‐specific health care use (outpatient/inpatient visits, rhythm‐related testing, and procedures) and informal health care use (telephone calls and patient portal messages) over a 9‐month period between wearable users and nonusers. We also examined the effects of wearable cardiac monitoring features (eg, heart rate alerts, irregular rhythm notification, and ECG) on patient behavior and well‐being. Of 172 patients with AF in this analysis (age, 72.6±9.0 years; 42% women), 83 used a wearable. Compared with nonusers, wearable users reported higher rates of symptom monitoring and preoccupation (
P
=0.03) and more AF treatment concerns (
P
=0.02). Moreover, 20% of wearable users experienced anxiety and always contacted their doctors in response to irregular rhythm notifications. After matching, AF‐specific health care use was significantly greater among wearable users compared with nonusers (
P
=0.04), including significantly higher rates of ECGs, echocardiograms/transesophageal echocardiogram, and ablation. Wearable users were also significantly more likely to use informal health care resources compared with nonusers (
P
=0.05).

Conclusions
Wearables were associated with higher rates of symptom monitoring and preoccupation, AF treatment concerns, AF‐specific health care use, and use of informal health care resources. Prospective, randomized studies are needed to understand the net effects of wearables and their alerts on patients, providers, and the health care system.
Quality of Life and Well‐Being in Adults With Fontan Physiology: Findings From the Australian and New Zealand Fontan Registry Quality of Life Study
Authors: Marshall Kate H. , d'Udekem Yves , Winlaw David S. , Zannino Diana , Celermajer David S. , Justo Robert , Iyengar Ajay , Cordina Rachael , Sholler Gary F. , Woolfenden Susan R. , Kasparian Nadine A. 
Published: July 2024

Background
To characterize global and health‐related quality of life (QOL) among adults with Fontan physiology enrolled in the Australian and New Zealand Fontan Registry (ANZFR), and identify sociodemographic, clinical, psychological, and relational factors associated with outcomes.

Methods and Results

Using a cross‐sectional survey design, 66 adults with Fontan physiology (58% women; mean age, 29.6±7.7 years; range, 18–50 years) completed validated self‐report measures. Health‐related QOL was assessed using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, and global QOL was assessed using a visual analog scale (0–10). Participants reported lower total health‐related QOL (
P
<0.001), as well as lower physical (
P
<0.001) and social (
P
=0.002) functioning compared with normative data. Median global QOL was 7.0 (interquartile range: 5.0‐8.0) and most participants (71%) rated their QOL ≥6. For health‐related QOL, age, sex, university education, and length of hospital stay in the past 12 months explained 27% of the variance in scores, while general psychological stress, medical traumatic stress, communication problems, and access to emotional support explained a further 44% of variance (final model: 71% of variance explained). For global QOL, sociodemographic and clinical factors explained 20% of the variance in scores, while psychological stress and sense of coherence explained a further 24% (final model: 44% of variance explained).

Conclusions
Adults with Fontan physiology reported lower overall health‐related QOL compared with community‐based norms. Variance in QOL outcomes were predominantly attributable to psychological and relational factors. Tailored screening and assessment to identify Fontan patients at greatest risk of lower QOL, and a proactive approach to supportive care, are needed.
Lev Gutman—A Pioneer in Theoretical Mesoscale Meteorology
Authors: Gutman Garik , Pielke Roger , Anthes Richard , Alpert Pinhas , Baklanov Alexander , Bodin Svante , Khain Alexander , Krichak Simon 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
On 5 March 2023, Professor Lev Gutman would have been 100 years old. This article describes Professor Gutman’s legacy in the field of dynamic mesoscale meteorology and numerical weather prediction. Gutman developed his career as a mathematician and meteorologist in the Soviet Union, where he built a school of specialists in mesoscale meteorology from the 1950s through the 1970s. He primarily worked on analytical methods to solve complex nonlinear problems, such as the structure of sea breezes, mountain–valley circulations, and thermal convection over heated terrain. Gutman pioneered the development of theories of cumulus clouds, tornadoes, and other atmospheric phenomena. In the 1960s, he carried out numerous research investigations on these topics with his doctoral students and collaborators at the High-Altitude Geophysical Institute in Nalchik in the northern Caucasus and later at the Siberian Scientific Center near Novosibirsk. Gutman compiled the results from these studies into a monograph titled “Introduction to the Nonlinear Theory of Mesoscale Meteorological Processes,” which was published in Russian in 1969 and later translated into English, Chinese, and Japanese. This monograph became a major textbook for specialists in mesoscale meteorology, remaining relevant to this day. After Professor Gutman immigrated to Israel in 1978, his collaborations expanded to include Israeli and western scientists from Europe and the United States. Gutman did not receive the recognition he deserved due to the political realities of the time. His book and his seminal analytical solutions should still be useful for early career scientists in mesoscale meteorology and atmospheric dynamics.
Regime-Dependent Characteristics and Predictability of Cold-Season Precipitation Events in the St. Lawrence River Valley
Authors: Winters Andrew C. , Bassill Nick P. , Gyakum John R. , Minder Justin R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The St. Lawrence River Valley experiences a variety of precipitation types (p-types) during the cold season, such as rain, freezing rain, ice pellets, and snow. These varied precipitation types exert considerable impacts on aviation, road transportation, power generation and distribution, and winter recreation and are shaped by diverse multiscale processes that interact with the region’s complex topography. This study utilizes ERA5 reanalysis data, surface cyclone climatology, and hourly station observations from Montréal, Québec, and Burlington, Vermont, during October–April 2000–18 to investigate the spectrum of synoptic-scale weather regimes that induce cold-season precipitation across the St. Lawrence River Valley. In particular, k-means clustering and self-organizing maps (SOMs) are used to classify cyclone tracks passing near the St. Lawrence River Valley, and their accompanying thermodynamic profiles, into a set of event types that include a U.S. East Coast track, a central U.S. track, and two Canadian clipper tracks. Composite analyses are subsequently performed to reveal the synoptic-scale environments and the characteristic p-types that most frequently accompany each event type. Global Ensemble Forecast System version 12 (GEFSv12) reforecasts are then used to examine the relative predictability of cyclone characteristics and the local thermodynamic profile associated with each event type at 0–5-day forecast lead times. The analysis suggests that forecasted cyclones near the St. Lawrence River Valley develop too quickly and are located left-of-track relative to the reanalysis on average, which has implications for forecasts of the local thermodynamic profile and p-type across the region when the temperature is near 0°C.

Significance Statement
Diverse precipitation types are observed when near-surface temperatures approach 0°C during the cold season, especially across the St. Lawrence River Valley in southern Québec. This study classifies cold-season precipitation events impacting the St. Lawrence River Valley based on the track of storm systems across the region and quantifies the average meteorological characteristics and predictability of each track. Our analysis reveals that forecasted low pressure systems develop too quickly and are left of their observed track 0–5 days prior to an event on average, which has implications for forecasted temperatures and the type of precipitation observed across the region. Our results can inform future operational forecasts of cold-season precipitation events by providing a storm-focused perspective on forecast errors during these impactful events.
Genetic diversity analysis of Inner Mongolia cashmere goats (Erlangshan subtype) based on whole genome re-sequencing
Authors: Wang Ruijun , Wang Xinle , Qi Yunpeng , Li Yanbo , Na Qin , Yuan Huiping , Rong Youjun , Ao Xiaofang , Guo Furong , Zhang Lifei , Liu Yan , Shang Fangzheng , Zhang Yanjun , Wang Yu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Inner Mongolia cashmere goat (IMCG), renowned for its superior cashmere quality, is a Chinese indigenous goat breed that has been developed through natural and artificial selection over a long period. However, recently, the genetic resources of IMCGs have been significantly threatened by the introduction of cosmopolitan goat breeds and the absence of adequate breed protection systems.

Results
In order to assess the conservation effectiveness of IMCGs and efficiently preserve and utilize the purebred germplasm resources, this study analyzed the genetic diversity, kinship, family structure, and inbreeding of IMCGs utilizing resequencing data from 225 randomly selected individuals analyzed using the Plink (v.1.90), GCTA (v.1.94.1), and R (v.4.2.1) software. A total of 12,700,178 high-quality SNPs were selected through quality control from 34,248,064 SNP sites obtained from 225 individuals. The average minor allele frequency (MAF), polymorphic information content (PIC), and Shannon information index (SHI) were 0.253, 0.284, and 0.530, respectively. The average observed heterozygosity (Ho) and the average expected heterozygosity (He) were 0.355 and 0.351, respectively. The analysis of the identity by state distance matrix and genomic relationship matrix has shown that most individuals’ genetic distance and genetic relationship are far away, and the inbreeding coefficient is low. The family structure analysis identified 10 families among the 23 rams. A total of 14,109 runs of homozygosity (ROH) were identified in the 225 individuals, with an average ROH length of 1014.547 kb. The average inbreeding coefficient, calculated from ROH, was 0.026 for the overall population and 0.027 specifically among the 23 rams, indicating a low level of inbreeding within the conserved population.

Conclusions
The IMCGs exhibited moderate polymorphism and a low level of kinship with inbreeding occurring among a limited number of individuals. Simultaneously, it is necessary to prevent the loss of bloodline to guarantee the perpetuation of the IMCGs’ germplasm resources.
Identification of several lncRNA-mRNA pairs associated with marbling trait between Nanyang and Angus cattle
Authors: Shi Mingyan , Huang Luyao , Meng Shuaitao , Wang Heming , Zhang Jinzhou , Miao Zhiguo , Li Zhichao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The marbling trait of cattle muscles, being a key indicator, played an important role in evaluating beef quality. Two breeds of cattle, namely a high-marbling (Angus) and a low-marbling (Nanyang) one, with their cattle muscles selected as our samples for transcriptome sequencing, were aimed to identify differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their targets associated with the marbling trait.

Results
Transcriptome sequencing identified 487 and 283 differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs respectively between the high-marbling (Angus) and low-marbling (Nanyang) cattle muscles. Twenty-seven pairs of differentially expressed lncRNAs-mRNAs, including eighteen lncRNAs and eleven target genes, were found to be involved in fat deposition and lipid metabolism. We established a positive correlation between fourteen up-regulated (NONBTAT000849.2, MSTRG.9591.1, NONBTAT031089.1, MSTRG.3720.1, NONBTAT029718.1, NONBTAT004228.2, NONBTAT007494.2, NONBTAT011094.2, NONBTAT015080.2, NONBTAT030943.1, NONBTAT021005.2, NONBTAT021004.2, NONBTAT025985.2, and NONBTAT023845.2) and four down-regulated (NONBTAT000850.2, MSTRG.22188.3, MSTRG.22188.4, and MSTRG.22188.5) lncRNAs and eleven genes related to adiponectin family protein (ADIPOQ), cytochrome P450 family (CYP4V2), 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase family (HACD4), kinesin family (KIF5C), lipin family (LPIN2), perilipin family (PLIN1), prostaglandin family (PTGIS), solute carrier family (SLC16A7, SLC2213, and SLCO4C1), and containing a transmembrane domain protein family (VSTM1).

Conclusions
These candidate genes and lncRNAs can be regarded as being responsible for regulating the marbling trait of cattle. lncRNAs along with the variations in intramuscular fat marbling established a foundation for elucidating the genetic basis of high marbling in cattle.