bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two-photon time-lapse microscopy of BODIPY-cholesterol reveals anomalous sterol diffusion in chinese hamster ovary cells
Authors: Lund Frederik W , Lomholt Michael A , Solanko Lukasz M , Bittman Robert , Wüstner Daniel 
Published: October 2012

Abstract

Background
Cholesterol is an important membrane component, but our knowledge about its transport in cells is sparse. Previous imaging studies using dehydroergosterol (DHE), an intrinsically fluorescent sterol from yeast, have established that vesicular and non-vesicular transport modes contribute to sterol trafficking from the plasma membrane. Significant photobleaching, however, limits the possibilities for in-depth analysis of sterol dynamics using DHE. Co-trafficking studies with DHE and the recently introduced fluorescent cholesterol analog BODIPY-cholesterol (BChol) suggested that the latter probe has utility for prolonged live-cell imaging of sterol transport.

Results
We found that BChol is very photostable under two-photon (2P)-excitation allowing the acquisition of several hundred frames without significant photobleaching. Therefore, long-term tracking and diffusion measurements are possible. Two-photon temporal image correlation spectroscopy (2P-TICS) provided evidence for spatially heterogeneous diffusion constants of BChol varying over two orders of magnitude from the cell interior towards the plasma membrane, where D ~ 1.3 μm2/s. Number and brightness (N&B) analysis together with stochastic simulations suggest that transient partitioning of BChol into convoluted membranes slows local sterol diffusion. We observed sterol endocytosis as well as fusion and fission of sterol-containing endocytic vesicles. The mobility of endocytic vesicles, as studied by particle tracking, is well described by a model for anomalous subdiffusion on short time scales with an anomalous exponent α ~ 0.63 and an anomalous diffusion constant of Dα = 1.95 x 10-3 μm2/sα. On a longer time scale (t > ~5 s), a transition to superdiffusion consistent with slow directed transport with an average velocity of v ~ 6 x 10-3 μm/s was observed. We present an analytical model that bridges the two regimes and fit this model to vesicle trajectories from control cells and cells with disrupted microtubule or actin filaments. Both treatments reduced the anomalous diffusion constant and the velocity by ~40-50%.

Conclusions
The mobility of sterol-containing vesicles on the short time scale could reflect dynamic rearrangements of the cytoskeleton, while directed transport of sterol vesicles occurs likely along both, microtubules and actin filaments. Spatially varying anomalous diffusion could contribute to fine-tuning and local regulation of intracellular sterol transport.
Ranked selection of nearest discriminating features
Authors: James Alex Pappachen , Dimitrijev Sima 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Background
Feature selection techniques use a search-criteria driven approach for ranked feature subset selection. Often, selecting an optimal subset of ranked features using the existing methods is intractable for high dimensional gene data classification problems.

Methods
In this paper, an approach based on the individual ability of the features to discriminate between different classes is proposed. The area of overlap measure between feature to feature inter-class and intra-class distance distributions is used to measure the discriminatory ability of each feature. Features with area of overlap below a specified threshold is selected to form the subset.

Results
The reported method achieves higher classification accuracies with fewer numbers of features for high-dimensional micro-array gene classification problems. Experiments done on CLL-SUB-111, SMK-CAN-187, GLI-85, GLA-BRA-180 and TOX-171 databases resulted in an accuracy of 74.9±2.6, 71.2±1.7, 88.3±2.9, 68.4±5.1, and 69.6±4.4, with the corresponding selected number of features being 1, 1, 3, 37, and 89 respectively.

Conclusions
The area of overlap between the inter-class and intra-class distances is demonstrated as a useful technique for selection of most discriminative ranked features. Improved classification accuracy is obtained by relevant selection of most discriminative features using the proposed method.
Ethnic persistence, assimilation and risk proclivity
Authors: Bonin Holger , Constant Amelie , Tatsiramos Konstantinos , Zimmermann Klaus F 
Published: October 2012

Abstract

Abstract
This paper investigates whether immigrants adapt to the attitudes of the majority population in the host country by focusing on the effect of ethnic persistence and assimilation on individual risk proclivity. Employing information from a unique representative German survey, we find that adaptation to the host country closes the existing immigrant-native gap in risk proclivity by reducing immigrants’ risk aversion and explains the systematic variation in the observed risk attitudes across immigrants of different origins. Our analysis of the adaptation behavior of immigrants suggests that acquisition of social norms is an essential factor in the formation of individual attitudes.

JEL classification
D1, D81, F22, J15, J16, J31, J62, J82
Th17 expansion in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's): the role of disease activity, immune regulation and therapy
Authors: Wilde Benjamin , Thewissen Marielle , Damoiseaux Jan , Hilhorst Marc , van Paassen Pieter , Witzke Oliver , Cohen Tervaert Jan Willem 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Introduction
In autoimmune diseases, IL-17 producing T-cells (Th17), a pro-inflammatory subset of T-cells, are pathophysiologically involved. There is little knowledge on the role of Th17 cells in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). In the present study, we investigated Th17 cells, Tregs and subsets of circulating Th17 cells in GPA and related results to disease activity.

Methods
42 GPA patients in remission, 18 with active disease and 14 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. Th17 cells, their subsets and regulatory T-cells were determined by intracellular fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS). Data are given as mean percentage ±SD of total T-helper-cells.

Results
Th17 cells are expanded in active and quiescent GPA as compared to HC (1.7±1.4% vs. 0.7 ±0.3%, P = 0.006 and 1.9 ±1.5% vs. 0.7 ±0.3%, P<0.0001). Th17 expansion is stable over time and does not decline when remission is achieved. However, a negative association of Th17 cells and steroid dosage is observed (r=-0.46, P = 0.002). The Th17 expansion was not balanced by Tregs as indicated by skewed Th17/Treg ratios in active and quiescent GPA. Th17 subsets co-producing IFNγ or IL-10 are significantly increased in GPA. GPA patients in remission not receiving maintenance therapy have significantly more IL-10/IL-17A double positive T-cells than HC (0.0501 ±0.031% vs. 0.0282 ±0.016%, P = 0.007).

Conclusions
We provide evidence for a persistent, unbalanced expansion of Th17 cells and Th17 subsets which seems to be independent of disease activity. Maintenance therapy reduces -but does not normalize- Th17 expansion.
Protective effects of aerobic exercise on acute lung injury induced by LPS in mice
Authors: Reis Gonçalves Cintia Tokio , Reis Gonçalves Carlos Gustavo , de Almeida Francine Maria , dos Santos Lopes Fernanda Degobi Tenório Quirino , dos Santos Durão Ana Carolina Cardoso , dos Santos Fabiana Almeida , da Silva Luiz Fernando Ferraz , Marcourakis Tania , Castro-Faria-Neto Hugo C , Vieira Rodolfo de Paula , Dolhnikoff Marisa 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Introduction
The regular practice of physical exercise has been associated with beneficial effects on various pulmonary conditions. We investigated the mechanisms involved in the protective effect of exercise in a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI).

Methods
Mice were divided into four groups: Control (CTR), Exercise (Exe), LPS, and Exercise + LPS (Exe + LPS). Exercised mice were trained using low intensity daily exercise for five weeks. LPS and Exe + LPS mice received 200 µg of LPS intratracheally 48 hours after the last physical test. We measured exhaled nitric oxide (eNO); respiratory mechanics; neutrophil density in lung tissue; protein leakage; bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell counts; cytokine levels in BALF, plasma and lung tissue; antioxidant activity in lung tissue; and tissue expression of glucocorticoid receptors (Gre).

Results
LPS instillation resulted in increased eNO, neutrophils in BALF and tissue, pulmonary resistance and elastance, protein leakage, TNF-alpha in lung tissue, plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-10, and IL-1beta, IL-6 and KC levels in BALF compared to CTR (P ≤0.02). Aerobic exercise resulted in decreases in eNO levels, neutrophil density and TNF-alpha expression in lung tissue, pulmonary resistance and elastance, and increased the levels of IL-6, IL-10, superoxide dismutase (SOD-2) and Gre in lung tissue and IL-1beta in BALF compared to the LPS group (P ≤0.04).

Conclusions
Aerobic exercise plays important roles in protecting the lungs from the inflammatory effects of LPS-induced ALI. The effects of exercise are mainly mediated by the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antioxidants, suggesting that exercise can modulate the inflammatory-anti-inflammatory and the oxidative-antioxidative balance in the early phase of ALI.
A comparison of RIFLE with and without urine output criteria for acute kidney injury in critically ill patients
Authors: Wlodzimirow Kama A , Abu-Hanna Ameen , Slabbekoorn Mathilde , Chamuleau Robert AFM , Schultz Marcus J , Bouman Catherine SC 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Introduction
The Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End-Stage Renal Disease (RIFLE) is a consensus-based classification system for diagnosing acute kidney insufficiency (AKI), based on serum creatinine (SCr) and urine output criteria (RIFLESCr+UO). The urine output criteria, however, are frequently discarded and many studies in the literature applied only the SCr criteria (RIFLESCr). We diagnosed AKI using both RIFLE methods and compared the effects on time to AKI diagnosis, AKI incidence and AKI severity.

Methods
This was a prospective observational cohort study during four months in adult critically ill patients admitted to the ICU for at least 48 hours. During the first week patients were scored daily for AKI according to RIFLESCr+UO and RIFLESCr. We assessed urine output hourly and fluid balance daily. The baseline SCr was estimated if a recent pre-ICU admission SCr was unknown. Based on the two RIFLE methods for each patient we determined time to AKI diagnosis (AKI-0) and maximum RIFLE grade.

Results
We studied 260 patients. A pre-ICU admission SCr was available in 101 (39%) patients. The two RIFLE methods resulted in statistically significantly different outcomes for incidence of AKI, diagnosis of AKI for individual patients, distribution of AKI-0 and distribution of the maximum RIFLE grade. Discarding the RIFLE urine criteria for AKI diagnosis significantly underestimated the presence and grade of AKI on admission and during the first ICU week (P < 0,001) and significantly delayed the diagnosis of AKI (P < 0.001). Based on RIFLESCr 45 patients had no AKI on admission but subsequently developed AKI. In 24 of these patients (53%) AKI would have been diagnosed at least one day earlier if the RIFLE urine criteria had been applied. Mortality rate in the AKI population was 38% based on RIFLESCr and 24% based on RIFLESCr+UO (P = 0.02).

Conclusions
The use of RIFLE without the urine criteria significantly underscores the incidence and grade of AKI, significantly delays the diagnosis of AKI and is associated with higher mortality.
Influence of prehospital volume replacement on outcome in polytraumatized children
Authors: Hussmann Bjoern , Lefering Rolf , Kauther Max Daniel , Ruchholtz Steffen , Moldzio Patrick , Lendemans Sven ,   the TraumaRegister DGU®
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Introduction
Severe bleeding after trauma frequently results in poor outcomes in children. Prehospital fluid replacement therapy is regarded as an important primary treatment option. Our study aimed, through a retrospective analysis of matched pairs, to assess the influence of prehospital fluid replacement therapy on the post-traumatic course of severely injured children.

Methods
The data for 67,782 patients from the TraumaRegister DGU® of the German Trauma Society were analyzed. The following inclusion criteria were applied: injury severity score ≥16 points, primary admission, age 1 to 15 years old, systolic blood pressure ≥20 mmHg at the accident site and transfusion of at least one unit of packed red blood cells (pRBC) in the emergency trauma room prior to intensive care admission. As volume replacement therapy depends on age and body weight, especially in children, three subgroups were formed according to the mean value of the administered prehospital volume. The children were matched and enrolled into two groups according to the following criteria: intubation at the accident site (yes/no), Abbreviated Injury Scale (four body regions), accident year, systolic blood pressure and age group.

Results
A total of 31 patients in each group met the inclusion criteria. An increase in volume replacement was associated with an elevated need for a transfusion (≥10 pRBC: low volume, 9.7%; high volume, 25.8%; P = 0.18) and a reduction in the ability to coagulate (prothrombin time ratio: low volume, 58.7%; high volume, 55.6%; P = 0.23; prothrombin time: low volume, 42.2 seconds; high volume, 50.1 seconds; P = 0.38). With increasing volume, the mortality (low volume, 19.4%; high volume, 25.8%; P = 0.75) and multiple organ failure rates (group 1, 36.7%; group 2, 41.4%; P = 0.79) increased. With increased volume, the rescue time also increased (low volume, 62 minutes; high volume, 71.5 minutes; P = 0.21).

Conclusion
For the first time, a tendency was shown that excessive prehospital fluid replacement in children leads to a worse clinical course with higher mortality and that excessive fluid replacement has a negative influence on the ability to coagulate.
Subpopulations of GFP-Marked Mouse Pancreatic β-Cells Differ in Size, Granularity, and Insulin Secretion
Authors: Katsuta Hitoshi , Aguayo-Mazzucato Cristina , Katsuta Rimiko , Akashi Tomoyuki , Hollister-Lock Jennifer , Sharma Arun J. , Bonner-Weir Susan , Weir Gordon C. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThere is growing information about the heterogeneity of pancreatic β-cells and how it relates to insulin secretion. This study used the approach of flow cytometry to sort and analyze β-cells from transgenic mice expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the mouse insulin I gene promoter. Three populations of β-cells with differing GFP brightness could be identified, which were classified as GFP-low, GFP-medium, and GFP-bright. The GFP-medium population comprised about 70% of the total. The GFP-low population had less insulin secretion as determined by the reverse hemolytic plaque assay and reduced insulin gene expression. Additionally, all three subpopulations of β-cells were found in mice of varying ages (embryonic d 15.5 and postnatal wk 1–9). The three populations from the youngest had larger cells (forward scatter) and less granularity (side scatter) than those from the adults. This approach opens up new ways to advance knowledge about β-cell heterogeneity.
Phase Behavior, Functions, and Medical Applications of Soy Phosphatidylcholine and Diglyceride Lipid Compositions
Authors: Tiberg Fredrik , Johnsson Markus , Jankunec Marija , Barauskas Justas 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Lipid compositions with the ability to self-assemble into biocompatible nano- and mesostructured functional materials have many potential uses in modern medicine. By using two-component lipid systems, it is possible to tune the structure formation and related functional properties, e.g., the encapsulation and extended release of small molecules and peptides, by simply varying the ratio of the lipid building blocks. This is shown in detail for the binary phosphatidylcholine and diglyceride lipid systems, which are currently being used in multiple programs for the development of novel pharmaceuticals and marketed products.
Excited-state Dynamics of Fullerene Nanoparticles Dispersed in Pure Water
Authors: Ishibashi Yukihide , Arinishi Miya , Katayama Tetsuro , Miyasaka Hiroshi , Asahi Tsuyoshi 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Femtosecond transient absorption dynamics of C60 nanoparticles in pure water revealed a strong quenching of the singlet excited state, independent of the excitation light intensity on a 10-ps time scale, and an extremely low yield of the triplet state of C60 nanoparticles upon photoexcitation.
Interplay of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions in a Mixed Polyoxometalate/Organic Langmuir Monolayer
Authors: Giner-Casares Juan J , Brezesinski Gerald , Möhwald Helmuth 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The surfactant molecules at a Langmuir monolayer interact with each other via both hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions. The interplay between those molecular interactions leads to the molecular arrangement of the monolayer. Herein, a new type of inorganic/organic surfactant in which the interactions between the polar headgroups are dominant is combined with a linear alkane. The hydrophobic interactions are enhanced, leading to an ordered state of the hydrocarbon chains. The crystalline ordering of the chains is identified by synchrotron grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD). The molecular arrangement described herein might serve as a starting point for the design of ordered inorganic/organic hybrids that assemble efficiently at interfaces.
Vinylferrocene Photochemical Preparation on Si(111) Surface in Different Grafting Media
Authors: Herrera Marvin , Ichii Takashi , Murase Kuniaki , Sugimura Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Photochemical grafting of ferrocene to Si was investigated in a vinylferrocene solution in tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, or dibutyl ether. The grafting of vinylferrocene onto a Si(111) surface was carried out by placing a hydrogen-terminated Si(111) substrate into a vinylferrocene–solvent solution and illuminating the substrate with visible light. The samples prepared in vinylferrocene–diethyl ether and vinylferrocene–dibutyl ether solutions yielded ferrocene-terminated Si(111) and the oxidation states of Fe were mainly +2. On the other hand, a polymerized vinylferrocene layer was formed on the samples treated in the vinylferrocene–tetrahydrofuran solution and the oxidation states of Fe were +3. In addition, the dibutyl ether-prepared sample showed a cleaner surface than that of the diethyl ether-prepared sample.
In Situ Coordination and Supramolecular Chirality of Some Achiral Benzothiazole-derived Schiff Bases Fabricated at Air/Water Interface
Authors: Guo Peizhi , Liu Minghua 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
A series of benzothiazole-derived Schiff bases was synthesized, and its interfacial behavior was investigated. Although these Schiff bases with no alkyl chains could not be spread on water surface, addition of metal ions such as Ag(I) or Cu(II) in the subphases caused an in situ coordination and led to the film formation. It was interesting to find that some of the Langmuir–Schaefer (LS) films of the Cu(II) complexes showed CD signals, although the Schiff bases were achiral. It was suggested that the stereoregular stacking of the coordinated complexes in a helical sense was responsible for the supramolecular chirality.
A New Oxygen Storage Capacity Material of a Tin-doped Ceria–Zirconia-supported Palladium–Alumina Catalyst with High CO Oxidation Activity
Authors: Dong Qiang , Yin Shu , Guo Chongshen , Sato Tsugio 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The Ce0.5Zr0.4Sn0.1O2/Pd–Al2O3 composite prepared by a mechanochemical route, with a high BET surface area of 38 m2 g−1, exhibited a high oxygen storage capacity (OSC) and high CO oxidation activity at low temperatures, even after calcination at 1000 °C for 20 h.
Constraint Dissipative Hydrodynamics (HydroRattle) Algorithm for Aggregate Dynamics
Authors: Kim Albert S 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
A constraint hydrodynamics algorithm for non-Brownian spherical particles in aqueous systems is developed by applying the RATTLE algorithm to Stokesian dynamics. Hydrodynamic interactions were calculated using far-field grand mobility tensors, and the holonomic translational forces were determined using the time-dependent Lagrange multiplier. The proposed constraint algorithm successfully describes the dynamic motion of a colloidal chain with an initial helical structure under the influences of unidirectional fluid flow and gravitational force.
Microhydrodynamics Simulation of Single-collector Granular Filtration
Authors: Kim Albert S , Kang Seok-Tae 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Granular filtration phenomenon is fundamentally investigated using dissipative hydrodynamics with a large collector grain and a non-Brownian sphere. Effects of interparticle forces balanced with hydrodynamic interactions are studied for particle trajectory analysis. In addition to conventional deposition of fine particles on collector surfaces (mostly near front hemispheres), the hydrodynamic trapping of rotating fine particles on the back hemisphere surface is fundamentally investigated using the exact solution of two-body hydrodynamics.
Identifying the Transition Capillary Pressure of a Superhydrophobic Surface Containing Cylindrical Rods
Authors: Morris Gareth , Neethling Stephen J , Cilliers Jan J 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces use a combination of microstructural surface patterning and a naturally hydrophobic surface to attain very high contact angles (θ &gt; 150°). The interplay between these variables affects the macroscale characteristics of the surface. This manuscript presents a method for modeling a wide range of microstructures using the Surface Evolver program and for calculating the capillary pressure required to wet various arrangements of vertical cylindrical posts.
Interaction of Silica Nanoparticles with Phospholipid Membranes
Authors: Pera Harke , Kleijn J Mieke , Leermakers Frans A M 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
A fluorescence leakage assay was used in a high-throughput setup to obtain information on the phospholipid vesicle leakage induced by the addition of silica nanoparticles. We showed that this method can be used not only to scan for the conditions under which leakage occurs, but also to obtain quantitative information on the interaction between these nanoparticles and the phospholipid membranes.
Size-controlled Synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8) Crystals in an Aqueous System at Room Temperature
Authors: Tanaka Shunsuke , Kida Koji , Okita Muneyuki , Ito Yosuke , Miyake Yoshikazu 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
We report here a simple and straightforward method that enables the size-controlled production of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 in an aqueous system at room temperature. Pure single crystals with the size tuned in the range of ca. 300 nm to 3 µm in mean crystal size can be obtained and exhibit ultrahigh Langmuir surface area of above 1800 m2 g−1.
Asymmetric Aldol Reaction Catalyzed by the Self-assembled Nanostructures of l-Proline Containing Amphiphilic Dipeptide: A Morphological Dependence
Authors: Shao Mingzhe , Jin Qingxian , Zhang Li , Liu Minghua 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
An l-proline containing amphiphilic dipeptide was found to self-assemble into nanosphere and nanofiber structures. These nanostructures could catalyze an asymmetric aldol reaction in water. Good reactivity and enantiomeric selectivity was observed for the nanosphere structure. Although the reaction could be catalyzed by the nanofiber structure, its enantioselectivity was remarkably decreased. It was suggested that the appropriate packing of the chiral assemblies can selectively control the access of the reactants and thus lead to a higher enantioselectivity in the chirality matched structures.