bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to support consumer-brand relationships
Authors: Iglesias Oriol , Saleem Fathima Zahara 
Published: March 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to identify the detailed human resource policies and practices that favor the expansion of consumer-brand relationships.Design/methodology/approach– Due to the lack of studies in this specific field, this research leans toward adopting an exploratory and interpretative methodology. The data stems from 53 in-depth interviews spanning three case studies in the hotel industry.Findings– The main contribution of this research is the identification and description of the human resource management (HRM) policies and practices which enable the development of consumer-brand relationships. The six policies and practices which this research considers key are: recruitment, promotion, training, communication, evaluation and compensation.Originality/value– This is the first research that identifies and describes the HRM policies and practices which enable the development of consumer-brand relationships.
Drug information seeking behaviours of health care professionals in Iran
Authors: Tahamtan Iman , Tavassoli Farahi Mina , Afshar Askar Safipour , Baradaran Hamid R 
Published: March 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to list the resources that Iranian health-care professionals used to access drug-related information, to know the features and types of drug information resources which were much more important for health-care professionals, the problems they encountered in seeking drug information and the way they organized and re-found the information that they had retrieved. Drug-related queries are one of the most common types of questions in medical settings.

Design/methodology/approach
– This was a descriptive-analytical study conducted in Iran during 2014. The data collection tool was a self-designed questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used to analyse the data and examine the research hypothesis.

Findings
– Participants used books, drug manuals, search engines and medical databases more frequently, and less than half of them consulted colleagues to acquire drug-related information for clinical, educational and research purposes. Handheld computers were used by most participants to access and store drug information. Lack of access to drug information and lack of enough time were the main obstacles in seeking drug information. A significant association (p value = 0.024) was detected between organizing and re-finding information for future uses.

Originality/value
– This study investigated drug information-seeking behaviours of health-care professionals and the way they managed this information in a developing country that lacks necessary information technology infrastructures. Training programmes are required to help health-care professionals to find and access reliable and up-to-date drug information resources and to more easily re-find the found drug information for future uses.
Early plant recruitment stages set the template for the development of vegetation patterns along a hydrological gradient
Authors: Fraaije Rob G. A. , ter Braak Cajo J. F. , Verduyn Betty , Breeman Leonieke B. S. , Verhoeven Jos T. A. , Soons Merel B. 
Published: March 2015

Summary

Recruitment processes are critical components of a plant's life cycle. However, in comparison with later stages in the plant life cycle (e.g. competition among adults), relatively little is known about their contribution to the regulation of plant species distribution. Particularly, little is known about the individual contributions of the three main recruitment processes – germination, seedling survival and seedling growth – to community assembly, while quantitative information on these contributions is essential for a more mechanistic understanding of the regulation of plant species distribution and biodiversity.

Riparian zones along streams provide a globally‐relevant case study for evaluating the importance of the different stages of plant recruitment. The natural hydrological gradients of stream riparian zones are currently being restored after a period of world‐wide habitat degradation. To identify how recruitment contributes to vegetation patterns and biodiversity in riparian zones, we carried out field experiments at restored lowland streams. We quantified the germination of introduced seeds, and survival and growth of introduced seedlings of 17 riparian plant species across a gradient from the stream channel to upland.

The hydrological gradient of riparian zones acted as a strong environmental filter on all three recruitment processes, through imposing an abiotic limitation (excess water) at low elevations and a resource limitation (water shortage) at higher elevations. Other variables, such as soil organic matter content and nutrient availability, only affected recruitment marginally.

Species‐specific patterns of environmental filtering initiated niche segregation along the riparian gradient during all three recruitment processes, but particularly during germination and seedling growth. These recruitment niches appeared strongly related to indicator values for adult distribution optima, suggesting that at least some riparian plant species may have evolutionary adaptations that promote recruitment under favourable hydrological conditions for adult growth and reproduction.

Our results suggest that strong environmental filtering during germination and seedling growth plays an important role in determining later adult distributions, by forming the spatial template on which all subsequent processes operate. In addition to well‐known mechanisms, such as competitive exclusion at the adult stage, environmental filtering during early recruitment stages already strongly affect plant distribution and diversity.
The Relationship between Local Economic Conditions and Acute Myocardial Infarction Hospital Utilization by Adults and Seniors in the United States, 1995–2011
Authors: Carls Ginger Smith , Henke Rachel Mosher , Karaca Zeynal , Marder William D. , Wong Herbert S. 
Published: March 2015

ObjectiveTo assess the association between aggregate unemployment and hospital discharges for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among adults and seniors, 1995–2011.Data Sources/Study SettingCommunity hospital discharge data from states collected for the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) State Inpatient Databases (SID) and economic data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1995–2011.Study DesignQuarterly time series study of unemployment and aggregate hospital discharges in local areas using fixed effects to control for differences between local areas.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsSecondary data on inpatient stays and unemployment rates aggregated to micropolitan and metropolitan areas.Principal FindingsFor both adults and seniors, a 1 percentage point increase in the contemporaneous unemployment rate was associated with a statistically significant 0.80 percent (adults) to 0.96 percent (seniors) decline in AMI hospitalization during the first half of the study but was unrelated to the economic cycle in the second half of the study period.ConclusionsThe study found evidence that the aggregate relationship between health and the economy may be shifting for cardiovascular events, paralleling recent research that has shown a similar shift for some types of mortality (Ruhm 2013), self‐reported health, and inpatient use among seniors (McInerney and Mellor 2012).
Physical Therapy or Advanced Imaging as First Management Strategy Following a New Consultation for Low Back Pain in Primary Care: Associations with Future Health Care Utilization and Charges
Authors: Fritz Julie M. , Brennan Gerard P. , Hunter Stephen J. 
Published: March 2015

ObjectiveCompare health care utilization and charges for low‐back‐pain (LBP) patients receiving advanced imaging or physical therapy as a first management strategy following a new primary care consultation.Data SourceElectronic medical record (EMR) and insurance claims data.Study DesignRetrospective analysis of propensity‐matched groups.Data Collection/ExtractionClaims and EMR data were used. Utilization and LBP‐related charges over a 1‐year period were extracted from claims data.Principal FindingsIn the propensity‐matched sample (n = 406), advanced imaging recipients had higher odds of all utilization outcomes. Charges were higher with advanced imaging by an average $4,793 (95 percent CI: $3,676, $5,910).ConclusionsFor patients with LBP whom newly consulted primary care referred for additional management, advanced imaging as a first management was associated with higher health care utilization and charges than physical therapy.
Evaluating the Accuracy of Cranial Indices in Ancestry Estimation Among South African Groups
Authors: Liebenberg Leandi , Stull Kyra E. , L'Abbé Ericka N. , Botha Deona 
Published: March 2015

AbstractHistorically, population differences were quantified using cranial indices. Even though the application of indices is associated with numerous statistical and methodological problems, the use of cranial indices to estimate ancestry persists as demonstrated by its inclusion in several recent papers and conference presentations. The purpose of this study was to classify 207 South African crania and compare the results of five standard cranial indices to linear discriminant analysis (LDA). New sectioning points were created to contend with low classification accuracies (40–79%) and possible secular trends. Although the accuracies of the new sectioning points increased (66–87%), the accuracies associated with the stepwise LDA were higher (84%) and could classify the crania into one of the three South African groups. The results of the study demonstrate that indices cannot compete with multivariate techniques and should not be used in forensic anthropological analyses for ancestry estimation.
Long‐term efficacy of glycerine‐processed amniotic membrane transplantation in patients with corneal ulcer
Authors: Uhlig Constantin E. , Frings Charlotte , Rohloff Nadine , Harmsen‐Aasman Christel , Schmitz Ralf , Kiesel Ludwig , Eter Nicole , Busse Holger , Alex Anne F. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to determine the long‐term treatment efficacy of glycerine‐preserved human amniotic membrane transplantation in patients suffering from corneal ulcers.MethodsThis was a retrospective, non‐controlled, monocentric analysis. Included were patients with corneal ulcers that were non‐responsive to ointment or contact lenses and had been treated by amniotic membrane transplantation with either the overlay or sandwich procedure. Analysis parameters were visual acuity before and following treatment, recurrence rate and subjective comfort at the last follow‐up.ResultsOf the 371 amniotic membrane transplantations that were conducted, 135 surgical treatments in 108 patients (51.9% male, 48.1% female; mean age 63.7 years) met the inclusion criteria. In total, 99 overlay and 36 multilayer amniotic membrane transplantations were performed. The follow‐up period was 47.5 ± 66.7 weeks (mean ± SD). The recurrence rate at the last follow‐up was 47.8% with overlay membranes and 51.8% with the sandwich technique. There was no significant change in best‐corrected visual acuity following treatment with overlays (p = 0.219) or sandwich procedure (p = 0.703). At the last follow‐up, 72.1% (overlay) and 78.3% (sandwich) of the patients reported either no pain or increased comfort.ConclusionThe recurrence rates and changes in visual acuity following overlay or sandwich amniotic membrane transplantation in patients suffering from corneal ulcer were lower than reported elsewhere in the literature. More than half of the patients profited from each of the amniotic membrane transplantation techniques with respect to recurrence and postoperative comfort.
Human Development and Decent Work: Why some Concepts Succeed and Others Fail to Make an Impact
Authors: Sehnbruch Kirsten , Burchell Brendan , Agloni Nurjk , Piasna Agnieszka 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTThis article examines the impact of the International Labour Organization's concept of Decent Work on development thinking and the academic literature. We attempt to answer the question of what makes a development initiative successful by comparing the decent work approach to the United Nation Development Programme's Human Development concept (in conjunction with the human development indicator). We consider that the latter has been one of the most successful development concepts ever to have been launched, while the impact of decent work by comparison has been limited. Our hypothesis relating to the question of what makes a development initiative successful has three fundamental components: first, a solid theoretical foundation has to justify the launch of a development concept. A second vital factor is the availability of sufficient national and internationally comparable data that enables researchers and policy makers alike to apply the concept, preferably by means of a synthetic indicator. Third, the political will and institutional structure of the development institution that launches a concept is a key factor, particularly if data availability is limited as countries then have to be persuaded to generate new data.
Long‐term treatment with empagliflozin as add‐on to oral antidiabetes therapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Araki E. , Tanizawa Y. , Tanaka Y. , Taniguchi A. , Koiwai K. , Kim G. , Salsali A. , Woerle H. J. , Broedl U. C. 
Published: March 2015

AimsTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of empagliflozin for 52 weeks as add‐on to one other oral antidiabetes therapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsPatients on biguanide (n = 133), thiazolidinedione (n = 273), α‐glucosidase inhibitor (n = 139), dipeptidyl‐peptidase‐4 inhibitor (n = 139) or glinide (n = 140) were randomized 1 : 1 to receive empagliflozin 10 or 25 mg double‐blind as add‐on therapy for 52 weeks. Patients on sulphonylurea (SU; n = 336) were randomized 2 : 2 : 1 to receive empagliflozin 10 or 25 mg double‐blind or open‐label metformin as add‐on therapy for 52 weeks. The primary objective was to evaluate safety. Change from baseline in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) at week 52 was a secondary endpoint.ResultsAdverse events (AEs) were reported in 67.6–84.6% of patients receiving empagliflozin. Confirmed hypoglycaemic AEs (plasma glucose ≤70 mg/dl and/or requiring assistance) were reported in 4.4 and 6.6%, respectively, of patients receiving empagliflozin 10 and 25 mg as add‐on to SU and in 0.0 to 2.9%, respectively, of patients receiving empagliflozin 10 and 25 mg as add‐on to other therapies. Baseline mean ± standard deviation HbA1c ranged from 7.51 ± 0.73 to 8.06 ± 0.76% across background therapy groups. At week 52, adjusted mean ± standard error changes from baseline in HbA1c ranged from −0.77 ± 0.06 to −1.00 ± 0.06% in patients receiving empagliflozin.ConclusionsIn Japanese patients with T2DM, empagliflozin 10 and 25 mg as add‐on to one other oral antidiabetes therapy for 52 weeks were well tolerated and were associated with clinically meaningful reductions in HbA1c.
Tracing dietary origins of aphids and the predatory beetle Propylea japonica in agricultural systems using stable isotope analyses
Authors: Ouyang Fang , Cao Jing , Liu Xianghui , Men Xingyuan , Zhang Yongsheng , Zhao Zihua , Ge Feng 
Published: March 2015

AbstractTracing dietary origins of the predatory beetle Propylea japonica (Thunberg) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) aids understanding their roles in the food web and provides information to develop strategies for effective conservation in agroecosystems comprised of wheat [Triticum aestivum L. (Poaceae)], cotton [Hirsutum spp. (Malvaceae)], and maize [Zea mays L. (Poaceae)]. Intrinsic markers of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) in P. japonica need to be developed to ascertain the source(s) of diet. Experiments were carried out to examine the changes of δ13C and δ15N among the three crops, pests (wheat, cotton, and maize aphids; all Hemiptera: Aphididae), and P. japonica fed on aphids of each of the three crops. Results indicated that δ13C values in P. japonica fed on wheat, cotton, and maize aphids were −27.2 to −26.5‰, −24.2 to −23.9‰, and −11.0 to −10.7‰, respectively, whereas their δ15N values were 1.1 to 2.9‰, 6.0 to 7.4‰, and −0.6 to 0.1‰, respectively. δ13C and δ15N plots clearly identify the three crops, the dietary origins of the aphids, and the host origins of the aphid prey consumed by the ladybird beetles, as each pathway displays a non‐overlapping pattern. Based on the values of δ13C and δ15N of the three food webs, dietary origins can be traced in the predatory beetle P. japonica derived from wheat, cotton, and maize crops.
Spawning success and early life history of longnose suckers in Great Lakes tributaries
Authors: Childress Evan S. , Papke Rebecca , McIntyre Peter B. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractFish eggs and larvae are often subject to very high mortality, and variation in early life survival can be important for population dynamics. Although longnose suckers (Catostomus catostomus) are widespread in northern North America, little is known about their early life history. We examined fecundity and early larval survivorship during sucker spawning events in three small Lake Michigan tributaries. Although egg deposition varied 25% among spawning events, estimated larval export to the lake varied over 25,000‐fold from around 1000 to 26 million. Based on variation in environmental conditions across years, it appears that spring flow and temperature may be important determinants of egg survival to larval outmigration. Larval age data suggest that most individuals that survived to outmigration hatched during a 2‐day period despite adult spawning across at least 10 days. Most larvae spent <2 weeks in the stream and emigrated around the time of transition from endogenous to exogenous feeding before substantial growth occurred. In two of three cases, larvae drifted exclusively at night; however, high drift rates occurred during both day and night in the case where larvae were very abundant, suggesting density‐dependent drift behaviour. Our results indicate that survival in tributary streams from egg deposition to larval export is highly variable in longnose suckers. These large differences in early life survival may translate into variability in recruitment, thereby influencing population structure and dynamics.
Distress in relation to attenuated psychotic symptoms in the ultra‐high‐risk population is not associated with increased risk of psychotic disorder
Authors: Power Lucy , Polari Andrea R. , Yung Alison R. , McGorry Patrick D. , Nelson Barnaby 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAimThe ‘ultra‐high‐risk’ criteria identify a clinical population at substantially increased risk for progressing to schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Although a number of clinical variables predictive of transition to psychotic disorder have been identified within this population, the predictive value of the level of distress associated with attenuated psychotic symptoms has not yet been examined. This was the aim of the present study.MethodThe level of distress (0–100) associated with attenuated psychotic symptoms was recorded for 70 ultra‐high‐risk (UHR) patients using the Comprehensive Assessment of At‐Risk Mental State (CAARMS). Transition to psychosis was assessed over a 16‐month follow‐up period.ResultsOf the 70 UHR patients, 15 transitioned to psychosis (21.4%). Of the four CAARMS subscales measuring attenuated positive symptoms, Perceptual Abnormalities was rated as the most distressing. There were no differences in CAARMS scales rated as the most distressing between those who transitioned to psychosis and those who did not. There was also no association between higher levels of distress associated with attenuated psychotic symptoms and transition to psychosis.ConclusionAlthough the findings require replication, they indicate that the degree of distress associated with attenuated psychotic symptoms should not be used as a criterion for enriching UHR samples for risk of frank psychotic disorder.
Plasma cell leukemia: from biology to treatment
Authors: Jelinek Tomas , Kryukov Fedor , Rihova Lucie , Hajek Roman 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPlasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a very aggressive and rare form of malignant monoclonal gammopathy characterized by the presence of plasmocytes in peripheral blood. It is classified as primary PCL occuring ‘de novo’, or as secondary PCL in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Primary PCL is a distinct clinicopathological entity from myeloma with different cytogenetic abnormalities and molecular findings, which are usually found only in advanced multiple myeloma. The clinical course is aggressive with short remissions and reduced overall survival. The diagnostic criteria are based on the percentage (>20%) and absolute number (2 × 109/L) of plasma cells in peripheral blood. After establishing diagnosis, induction therapy should begin promptly which is aimed to rapid disease control and to minimize the risk of early death. Intensive chemotherapy regimens and bortezomib‐based regimens, followed by high‐dose therapy with autologous stem cell transplantation, are recommended. Allogeneic transplantation can be considered in younger patients. This article reviews recent knowledge of this hematological malignancy that is associated with a very poor prognosis.
Tracheal necrosis as a fatal complication of endotracheal intubation
Authors: Wylie C. E. , Foote A. K. , Rasotto R. , Cameron I. J. , Greet T. R. C. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryThis case report describes the death of a yearling Thoroughbred colt due to segmental severe necrotising tracheitis with stenosis of the tracheal lumen, 19 days after endotracheal intubation for elective endoscopic surgery. The stenosis of the trachea leading to asphyxiation was caused by an inflammatory process accompanied by massive accumulation of necrotic material, fibrinous inflammatory exudate, oedema and granulation tissue. The cause of this inflammation was likely to be a bacterial infection secondary to traumatic damage of the tracheal mucosa. Given the clinical history and location of the lesion, the endotracheal tube used for general anaesthesia was hypothesised to be responsible for this damage. Delayed tracheal necrosis as a fatal complication of endotracheal intubation has not previously been described in the horse and should be considered as a potential catastrophic consequence following relatively innocuous clinical signs.