bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
705 – Psychotropic Drugs and HIV
Authors: Moreira A.L. , Godinho Pereira M. , Telles-Correia D. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:VIH/AIDS infection is frequently associated with psychiatric disorders. Psychiatric comorbidities may interfere in adherence to antiretroviral treatment. Therefore, diagnosis and treatment of these conditions are essential. However, the administration of a new drug to the HAART therapy can result in drug interactions.Objectives:Our objectives were to describe the relationship between mental disorders and HIV and to analyze the interactions and adverse reactions when combining psychotropic drugs and antiretrovirals.Aims:We aimed to review the literature of the association of mental disorders and HIV focusing mainly on the pharmacological aspects.Methods:We reviewed the English literature from 1993 until 2011 searching MEDLINE using interchangeably the key-words HIV, AIDS, psychosis, depression, anxiety, secondary mania, antidepressive agents, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, and HAART.Results:Patients with mental illnesses may be more prone to acquire infectious diseases by taking risk behaviors. Also, HIVinfected patients are more likely to present with psychiatric symptoms than the general population. Adding pharmacotherapy may improve adhesion to the antiretroviral treatment. We highlight the use of antipsychotics, antidepressants, benzodiazepines and mood stabilizers in patients diagnosed with HIV. We include interactions between pharmacotherapy and antiretroviraltherapy. Some of these drugs (e.g. Ritonavir) have shown important interactions, while others have shown any or no information was found available.Conclusions:Choosing the best therapeutic intervention in each case, particularly considering those drugs with the least interactions and adverse effects, is crucial for a therapeutic success and in the combat to infection.
710 – Risperidone-associated Deep Venous Thrombosis: Case Report and Review
Authors: Ouanes S. , Abdelghaffar W. , Rafrafi R. , Jomli R. , Melki W. , Nacef F. , El-Hechmi Z. 
Published: July 2013

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a rare but potentially life-threatening adverse effect of antipsychotic medication. In this paper, we present a case of DVT that occurred during the first month of risperidone use. The patient Mr. M., aged 33, presented with a delusion of persecution based on a purely interpretative mechanism.The diagnosis of a delusional disorder of the persecution type was made and the patient was started on risperidone 2mg bid. Two weeks later, the patient was admitted to the internal medicine department for femoro-iliac DVT.Etiological investigation ruled out common congenital as well as acquired causes for thrombophilia, and DVT was hence attributed to risperidone use. The patient quickly responded to heparin then warfarin treatment. Risperidone was switched to amisulpride.Although antipsychotics have been widely used for more than fifty years, their association with DVT has not been discovered until recently.DVT usually occurs during the first three months of antipsychotic use and is more common with atypical and low-potency typical drugs than with high-potency conventional antipsychotics. Amisulpride appears to be the antipsychotic drug least associated with DVT.This case highlights a scarce yet serious side effect associated with antipsychotic use. Caution should be applied when initiating such a treatment in patients with a high risk of thrombosis. Occurrence of DVT in a patient on antipsychotic medication should lead to the current treatment being stopped, and if necessary, switched to either amisulpride or a highpotency conventional drug.
711 – Non-Psychotic Mental Disorders in Female Patients with Climacteric Hysteria
Authors: Lukiyanova E. , Semke V. 
Published: July 2013

Objective:Identify spectrum of non-psychotic mental disorders in climacteric hysteria in women.Material and methods:127 female patients of climacteric age. Clinical-psychopathologic, clinical-dynamic, mathematicstatistical methods were used. Diagnoses have been verified according to ICD-10 (have been introduced in order of lessening number of female patients): adjustment disorders - 47; organic emotional-labile (asthenic) disorder - 30; personality disorders - 11; anxiety disorders - 9; somatoform disorders - 7; organic anxiety disorder - 7; combined organic emotional-labile (asthenic) disorder and adjustment disorder - 6; agoraphobia - 3; organic affective disorder - 2; organic dissociative disorder - 2; dissociative disorders - 2; affective disorders (depressive episode of mild degree of severity, dysthymia) - 1. Large range of non-psychotic mental disorders defines climacteric hysteria as a psychopathologic complex.Results:Clinical examination was added by analysis of archive medical records and retrospective assessment of dynamic of the disease. Study of clinical typology, dynamic of non-psychotic mental disorders in women with climacteric hysteria has allowed distinguishing 3 variants. Somatized-hypochondriac (72 - 55,69%) - with persistent hypochondriac fixation on body sensations, somatovegetative disorders, nosophobias (cardio-, stroke-, infarction-, cancer-, lissophobia). Anxiety-depressive (44 - 34,65%) - with decreased mood, irritability, tearfulness in the period of hormonal changes of body in climax, accompanying severity of heart, mediastinum, epigastrium, fluctuating arterial pressure, sleep disorders. Psychopath-like (11 - 8,66%) - with explosiveness, increased emotional excitability, stormy affective manifestation of emotions.Conclusions:Based on distinguished variants we have defined algorithms of therapy of non-psychotic mental disorders in women with climacteric hysteria.
741 – Re-audit: Are Inpatients Routinely Assessed for Venous Thromboembolism on Admission. Oxford, UK, 2012
Authors: Al-Taiar H. 
Published: July 2013

Aims:The audit aims to investigate whether physical health assessment and VTE risk assessment were routinely completed and documented. The results will be used to develop plans around the prevention and management of VTE in inpatients.Background:An estimated 25000 people in England die from preventable hospital-acquired Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) every year. The recently issued NICE guidelines give a framework for assessment and management of VTE risk. This is a re-audit followed by an initial audit carried out in Sep 2011.Methodology:The audit was completed in May 2012 using the electronic patient information system (RiO) and where needed paper notes available on the wards were also reviewed. Data collection focussed on assessing evidence that the physical health proforma has been completed and VTE risk identified.The sample included 144 adult and 65 older adult inpatients (cross sectional sample in May 2012).Conclusions:Completion of physical health assessment is improved (94%) compared to initial audit (92%).Where completed, 100% of the physical health assessments were documented.Recording of physical health assessment on RiO was improved.VTE risk assessment has improved (83%) as compare to the initial audit (79%).Recommendations:Physical health assessment completion needs to improve until 100% is achieved.After completion, physical health assessment for every patient needs to be recorded on RiO.To ensure that VTE risk assessment is completed for every patient on the ward.Repeating the audit in 6 months to see if these changes have been implemented.
750 – Clinical Experience on the Application of Transference Focused Psychotherapy in the Supervision of a Case after a Year of Observation
Authors: Morales Puig L. , Ignacio M. ,   Grup-TLP Barcelona
Published: July 2013

Introduction:In 2011 Several institutions of the Catalan network of Mental Public Health initiated a project to improve the attention of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD), following Prof. Otto Kernberg model: The Transference Focused Psychotherapy (TFP).Methodology:In every telematic meeting, the transcription of the clinical session with its video recording is presented to Dr. P. Foelsch and the rest of professionals from the supervision group.Results:From the different techniques of the TFP, the following were of great usefulness for the observed case: the therapeutic contract, which facilitated working the impulsiveness of the patient, the techniques of clarification, confrontation and interpretation that allowed the patient to understand what was happening to her and to integrate separated aspects of herself, and the recognition of the non verbal language that in numerous occasions was the best way to understand what was happening to the patient.Conclusions:The advantages of the TFP on the observed case, and generally, in BPD patients are many, but I would highlight: First, as these patients manifest their primitive conflicts in dissociated behaviour rather than in the content of free association, the more systematized interventions of the TFP makes easier to work with them. Secondly, the therapeutic contract at the beginning, permits to maintain the treatment frame under even sever acting-out conditions.
751 – Characterizing Psychopathology, Neuropsychology and Functioning in Delusional Disorder as Opposed to Other Psychosis
Authors: Muñoz Negro J.E. , Ibáñez Casas I. , Ballesteros Ramos J.L. , Busaileh Salas A. , Cervilla Ballesteros J.A. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Delusional disorder is traditionally considered a less severe clinical entity than schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. From the dimensional approach to psychiatric diagnostic classification it might be necessary redefine the diagnostic classification of psychosis.Aim:To assess differences found in psychopathology, neuropsychology and functioning among schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and delusional disorder.Methods:59 patients were included in this study. 30 out of them presented a diagnostic of schizophrenia, 15 patients delusional disorder and 14 schizoaffective disorder. All of them were assessed through different scales including PANSS, GAF, SIX, SCIP and DKEFS Stroop. To compare the different groups ANOVA, Post hoc Bonferroni analysis and X2 test were carried out.Results:We found statistically significant differences regarding negative symptoms between patients with schizophrenia and delusional disorder, being those less intense and severe in the last ones. In that way, a inversely proportional trend regarding negative and positive PANNS subtypes between schizophrenia and delusional disorder was observed.Conclusions:In spite of the fact that the delusional disorder is considered less severe disease than other psychosis we only found a less degree of severity for negative symptoms. Further studies with greater sample size must be conducted.
752 – Immature Psychological Defense Mechanisms: Association with Personal Importance of Junk Food, Alcohol and Television Viewing
Authors: Brody S. , Costa R.M. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Immature psychological defense mechanisms are psychological processes that play an important role in suppressing emotional awareness and contribute to psychopathology, including personality disorder. In addition, unhealthy food, television viewing, and alcohol consumption can be among the means to escape self-awareness. In contrast, engaging in, and responding fully to specifically penile-vaginal intercourse (PVI) is associated with indices of better emotional regulation, including less use of immature defense mechanisms.Objective:To research the association of immature defense mechanisms with personal importance of junk food, alcohol, television, PVI, and noncoital sex.Method:In an online survey, 334 primarily Scottish women completed the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40), and rated the personal importance of junk food, alcohol, television, PVI, and noncoital sex.Results:Immature defense mechanisms correlated with personal importance of junk food, alcohol, and television. Importance of PVI correlated with mature defenses, and less use of some component immature defenses. Importance of alcohol correlated with importance of junk food, television, and noncoital sex. Importance of junk food was correlated with importance of television and noncoital sex.Conclusions:The findings are discussed in terms of persons with poorer self-regulatory abilities having more interest in junk food, television, and alcohol, and less interest in PVI.
753 – Female Adolescents'needs: the Importance of Health Promoting Schools
Authors: Shahhosseini Z. , Simbar M. , Ramezankhani A. 
Published: July 2013

Background & purpose:In contemporary society, schools play an increasingly important role in preparing young people for adulthood. This role is more prominent especially in female adolescents because of synchronization of puberty years and girls attendance in schools. the purpose of this paper is to explore adolescents and key informants' perception and experiences regarding to importance of schools in female adolescents' health needs.Material and methods:This qualitative study was conducted in Sari in the North of Iran. Sixty-seven urban and rural female adolescents between 12-19 years of old participated in 8 focus group discussions. in addition, semi structured interviews were done with 11 key informants. Participants were selected based on purposeful sampling and with maximum variety. All taperecorded data was fully transcribed and thematic analysis was done to identify key themes.Results:Two main categories emerged from data: Optimal performance of teachers and administrators and Educational reform. Conscious teachers, Promotion counseling in schools and optimal management were the main subcategories of the first theme and reform of teaching patterns and reducing test anxiety were the main subcategories of the second.Conclusion:The school is responsible for changing and modifying maladaptive behaviors, and providing emotional and mental health of students. So reform in educational system, improvement of teaching patterns and promotion of teachers, counselors and administrators performances are necessary.
756 – Fear and Discomfort as Possible Response to a Distress Test in Smokers Under Nicotine Withdrawal Conditions
Authors: Bertoli G. , Amendola B. , Cosci F. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Some studies showed that nicotine withdrawal may increase the likelihood to develop anxiety or distress.Objectives:Nicotine withdrawal symptoms (NWS) may specifically provide an opportunity to learn that physical sensations can be aversive, thus anxiety or distress-provoking.Aims:We evaluated whether NWS predict the responding to a test inducing distress, the so called Breath Holding (BH) test, in regular smokers evaluated under nicotine withdrawal conditions or under non withdrawal conditions. Specifically, we studied if fear or discomfort are felt as a response to the test inducing distress.Methods:We run a cross-over design study on current smokers. Each subject received either nicotine and placebo in two different test days according to a randomized, double-blind order. Four hours after the administration of nicotine or placebo, each subject underwent the BH test. Fear and Discomfort were evaluated by means of a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS-F for Fear and VAS-D for Discomfort).Results:20 subjects (10 females and 10 males) with a mean age of 32,05 ± 10,13 years were studied. At baseline the two conditions did not differ. No statistically significant results were found for VAS-F and VAS-D in terms of response to the BH test.Conclusions:NWS seem not to affect the response to a distress test in current smokers at least when fear or discomfort are taken into account.
760 – Cognitive and Affective Impairments of a Novel SCA/MND Crossroad Mutation Asidan
Authors: Abe K. , Ikeda Y. , Kurata T. , Ohta Y. , Manabe Y. , Okamoto M. , Takamatsu K. , Ota T. , Takao Y. , Shiro Y. , Shoji M. , Kamiya T. , Kobayashi H. , Koizumi A. 
Published: July 2013

Background:A variety of hereditary spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) develops a broad spectrum of both ataxia and non-ataxia symptoms. Cognitive and affective changes are one such non-ataxia symptoms, but have been described only in hereditary SCAs with exonic CAG gene expansion.Methods:We newly found intronic hexanucleotide GGCCTG gene expansion in NOP56 gene as the causative mutation (=SCA36) in nine unrelated Japanese familial SCA originating from Asida river area in the western part of Japan, thus nicknamed Asidan for this mutation. These patients show unique clinical balance of cerebellar ataxia and motor neuron disease (MND), locating on the crossroad of these two diseases. We examined cognitive and affective analyses on 12 Asidan patients who agreed to join the examination.Results:The 12 Asidan patients demonstrated a significant decrease in their frontal executive functions measured by frontal assessment battery (FAB) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) compared with age- and gender-matched controls, whilst mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Hasegawa dementia score-revised (HDS-R) were within normal range. the decline of frontal executive function was related to their disease duration and scale for the assessment and rating of ataxias (SARA). They also demonstrated mild depression and apathy. Single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) analysis showed that these Asidan patients showed decline of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in a particular areas of cerebral cortices such as Brodmann areas 24 and 44-46.Conclusions:These data suggest the patients with Asidan mutation show unique cognitive and affective characteristics different from other hereditary SCAs with exonal CAG expansion or MND.
764 – The Quality of Life Enhancement Program for Persons with Mental Illness
Authors: Pan A.-W. , Chen Y.-L. , Hsiung P.-C. , Chen T.-J. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction and aims:Previous studies showed that persons with mental illness had poorer quality of life than persons with the other medical conditions. We developed a manualized treatment - Quality of Life Enhancement Program (QOLEP) based on literature review and clinical experiences. the contents of the program include 4 sessions of ‘occupational life scheduling’ and 4 sessions of ‘coping skills’ provided by an occupational therapist during a 4-week period (2 times/week) which each session lasts for one to two hours.Methods:Twenty-one subjects were recruited from community mental health rehabilitation centers in northern Taiwan. They were randomly assigned to either treatment group (N=11) or control group (N=10). the subjects in the control group received general supportive therapy over the phone twice a week for 4 weeks. Both groups were evaluated at baseline and posttreatment. the mixed-effects linear model was applied to analyze the efficacy of the treatment.Results:The results showed that the subjects who participated in the QOLEP had significantly better physical QOL than that of control group (-9.66+4.24, p< .05). the suicidal ideation of the subjects for both groups decreased over time (2.64+3.16, p< .05). Most of the participants indicated that the activities were easily understood, helpful to them, and are willing to participate in the program again.Discussion:With the program developed based on concept of occupational engagement, we were able to demonstrate the efficacy of specific treatment on quality of life and used it as evidence to support future development in mental health area.
770 – Psychiatric co Morbidity and Stress in Primary Caregivers of HIV Patients
Authors: Sinha V. , Paswan R.K. , Sharma I. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:HIV like other chronic illnesses is an important contributing factor for psychiatric co-morbidity in not only HIV sufferers as well as their caregivers. Few studies show that a significant proportion of caregivers of HIV positive patients had psychiatric illness which is otherwise neglected but in turn hampers the quality of care provided to the HIV positive patient as well as the caregiver himself. This chunk of population if identified at a earlier stage, steps to teach them healthy coping strategies as well as timely initiation of management of psychiatric illness can decrease the burden of disease.Aims and objectives:To assess and compare the presence of psychiatric morbidity, stress and quality of life in primary caregivers of HIV patients.Methodology:All primary caregivers of HIV positive patient attending the Anti Retroviral Therapy(ART) center during six month period were assessed using a semi-structured Performa, International neuropsychiatric interview English version 5.0.0 (MINI PLUS) scale, PSLES, WHO QOL brief scale,. Data was segregated and analysed using appropriate statistical test.Result:Out of total 125 respondents 24(19.2%) were found to be depressive. Anxiety disorders were significantly prevalent (8.4%). other psychiatric disorders were somatisation, adjustment disorder etc. PSLES was fairly high and WHO QOL scoring was low in caregivers as compared to control group.Conclusion:Significantly high number of caregivers was positively screened for psychiatric morbidity, most of them were stress related neurotic disorders. the stress level was more in caregivers and quality of life was compromised as compared to control group.
785 – Attributional Retraining Group Therapy Versus Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Neurobiological Effects
Authors: Wang C. , Zhang N. , Zhang Y. 
Published: July 2013

Objective:The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of attribution retraining group therapy (ARGT) versus selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods:109 patients with MDD, GAD and OCD were recruited from the outpatient department of a tertiary referral hospital between 2007 and 2008. Subjects were sequentially recruited and randomized into ARGT group (n=63) and SSRI group (n=66) for an 8-week treatment period. 54 outpatients in ARGT group and 55 outpatients in SSRI group completed the study. All subjects were assessed using Hamilton Depression Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Scale before and after treatment. Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale was employed only for OCD subjects. Plasma hormone levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were measured at baseline and at 8 weeks.Results:Symptom scores were reduced significantly in both ARGT and SSRI treatment groups (p< 0.001) at the end of the treatment course. However the patients in the ARGT group had significantly lower plasma cortisol concentrations compared to baseline (p< 0.05). on the other hand, patients receiving the SSRIs showed significantly increased plasma levels of serotonin (p< 0.05) and BDNF (p< 0.01).Conclusions:Our findings suggest that ARGT may modulate plasma cortisol levels and take effect to the HPA axis as opposed to SSRIs which may up-regulate plasma serotonin and BDNF levels via a different pathway to produce an overall improvement in the clinical condition of patients.