bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variation of elective healthcare in West Africa: secondary analysis of an inguinal hernia international cohort study
Authors: Picciochi Maria , Agbeko Anita Eseenam , Agyei Fareeda 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Access and quality of elective healthcare varies globally as shown in a previous study where inguinal hernia was used as a tracer condition. Inguinal hernia incidence increased from 1990 to 2019 but access to its repair is not fully characterised. The aim of this study was to evaluate access and quality of elective healthcare in West Africa comparing it with the other regions.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of a prospective, cohort, international study of hernia surgery. Data was collected from all consecutive patients undergoing primary inguinal hernia repair between 30 January and 21 May 2023. Inguinal hernia was chosen as the tracer condition to evaluate elective healthcare. In this analysis, we characterised the group of patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair in West Africa, comparing adults and children. We compared the access and quality metrics in West Africa with those measured and reported globally.

Results: We included 18,058 patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair globally, from which 1,079 patients were from West Africa. Most included patients were adults (76.7%, 828/1,079) without comorbidities. Emergency surgery and bowel resection adjusted rates were higher in West Africa than globally (18,0% and 4.0% vs 7.9% and 1.5%, respectively). Waiting time for elective surgery was longer in West Africa (median 10.3 vs 8.0 months). Out-of-pocket payment was the most common financing method in West Africa patients (54.5%, 588/1079). Mesh adoption was less than half compared to the other regions globally (44.9% vs 94.8%). Postoperative complications were lower than other regions (adjusted rate 10.8% vs 13.3%).

Discussion: This study identified that access to elective healthcare in West Africa still needs to be improved despite previous actions to tackle this. Adult, inguinal hernia patients would benefit if mesh was used to avoid recurrence in future. Reducing out-of-pocket payments might be essential to address both problems.
Respon Masyarakat Banyumulek Terhadap Pariwisata Syariah Dalam Meningkatkkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat
Authors: Muzakkir S.  , Hermawati  
Published: August 2024

Peranan pariwisata dalam pembangunan Negara pada garis besarnya berintikan tiga segi: ekonomi (sumber daya), sosial (penciptaan lapangan kerja), dan kultural (memperkenalkan kebudayaan kepada wisatawan). Lombok merupakan salah satu pulau yang ada di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat sering disebut sebagai the hidden of paradise. Penelitian ini membahas tentang Respon Masyarakat Banyumulek terhadap Parawisata Syariah dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Setidaknya penelitian ini berusaha memecahkan dua problem penting yaitu 1) Bagaimana pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat berbasis pariwisata di Desa Banyumulek perspektif ekonomi Islam? Dan 2) Bagaimana upaya pemerintah dalam mengembangkan wisata syariah di Desa Banyumulek untuk mensejahterakan masyarakat?. Dalam penelitian ini, pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah normatif dan sosiologis dimana peneliti hanya mempokuskan pada satu kasus yang sesuai dengan judul yang diteliti. Keseluruhan penelitian diperoleh melalui pengumpulan data dengan melakukan 1) observasi, 2) wawancara, dan 3) dokumentasi. Adapun hasil penelitian ini adalah Respon Masayrakat Desa Banyumulek terkait dengan wisata syariah sangat baik dan bagus karena bisa meningkatkan truts para pelancong yang dating ke NTB guna menikmati aneka ragam dan variasi sajian wisata yang serba menarik. Serta dalam pengembangan wisata syariah dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat, Pemrintah Desa Banyumulek melakukan beberapa upaya yang bisa mendorong para pengerajin dengan terus menerus meningkatkan etos kerja yang baik sehingga bisa membuat roda ekonomi yang mereka lakukan.
Berinvestasi pada Reksadana Syariah ; Suatu Tinjauan Kritis
Authors: Muhamad Johari  
Published: August 2024

Investment or asset placement either property or thing as a mean to result income or will increase value in the future known as investing. Return in an investment is influenced by the risks that accompany it. The greater return on offer, it mean is the greater risk, and vice versa. Investments in mutual funds are suitable for novice investors, because it does not require huge funds, also the rate of return is better than saving. Along the improving investment climate and economy in Indonesia, the tendency of society to invest tobe higher, especially in mutual funds. Mutual fund developments can be seen at NAV (net asset value), is one of the benchmarks for monitoring the outcome of a mutual fund. If the total NAV increase, that mean NAV per unit also increased, then the investor will earn huge profits. And if the total NAV decline, that mean the investor will suffer losses.
Penerapan Senam Ergonomik terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah (Hipertensi)
Authors: Purwandari Nila Putri , Putri Devi Setya , Ridholloh Budi Nur , Irsyad Muhammad Yusuf , Maulidika Nailil Hidayati , Sari Putri Arum , Ismayati Wahyu 
Published: August 2024

Penyakit darah tinggi yang lebih dikenal sebagai hipertensi merupakan penyakit yang mendapat perhatian dari semua kalangan masyarakat, mengingat dampak yang ditimbulkannya baik jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang sehingga membutuhkan penanggulangan jangka panjang yang menyeluruh dan terpadu. Di Ruang Lily RSUD Sunan Kalijaga Demak banyak pasien yang mengalami hipertensi. Hal ini antara lain dihubungkan dengan adanya gaya hidup masyarakat yang berhubungan dengan resiko penyakit hipertensi seperti stress, obesitas (kegemukan), kurangnya olahraga, merokok, alkohol, dan makan makanan yang tinggi kadar lemaknya. Tujuan program pengabdian ini setelah dilakukan penyuluhan selama 30 menit, pasien dengan hipertensi di Ruang Lily dapat menjelaskan kembali tentang penyakit hipertensi dan senam ergonomik penurun tekanan darah dengan benar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ceramah, diskusi interaktif dan demontrasi. Hasil didapatkan pasien dan keluarga pasien mampu menjelaskan terkait materi tentang hipertensi dan senam ergonomis dan juga dapat mempraktikkan langkah-langkah senam ergonomik penurun tekanan darah. Simpulan kegiatan penyuluhan kepada pasien hipertensi dan keluarganya di Ruang Lily RSUD Sunan Kalijaga bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi hipertensi dan senam ergonomis kepada pasien dan keluarganya. Hasil penyuluhan mendapatkan bahwa pasien dan keluarga mampu menjelaskan materi tentang hipertensi dan senam ergonomik dan juga mampu mempraktikkan senam ergonomik penurun tekanan darah.
PPG Peptide Nucleic Acids that Promote DNA Guanine Quadruplexes
Authors: Englund Ethan A. , Gupta Pankaj , Micklitsch Christopher M. , Onyshchenko Mykola I. , Remeeva Evgenia , Neumann Ronald D. , Panyutin Igor G. , Appella Daniel H. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractRecent studies have shown that guanine‐rich (G‐rich) sequences with the potential to form quadruplexes might play a role in normal transcription as well as overexpression of oncogenes. Chemical tools that allow examination of the specific roles of G‐quadruplex formation in vivo, and their association with gene regulation will be essential to understanding the functions of these quadruplexes and might lead to beneficial therapies. Properly designed peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) can invade G‐rich DNA duplexes and induce the formation of a G‐quadruplex in the free DNA strand. Replacing guanines in the PNA sequence with pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine guanine (PPG) nucleobases eliminates G‐quadruplex formation with PNA and promotes invasion of the target DNA.
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition correlates with tumor budding and predicts prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Niwa Yukiko , Yamada Suguru , Koike Masahiko , Kanda Mitsuro , Fujii Tsutomu , Nakayama Goro , Sugimoto Hiroyuki , Nomoto Shuji , Fujiwara Michitaka , Kodera Yasuhiro 
Published: June 2014

Background and ObjectivesEpithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is considered to play an important role in cancer invasion. Tumor budding is a prognostic factor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between EMT and tumor budding.MethodsSurgical specimens from 78 cases of ESCC resected without preoperative treatment between 2001 and 2013 were enrolled in the study. The mRNA expressions of E‐cadherin and vimentin were measured in cancerous tissues using real‐time PCR, and each tumor was classified into either epithelial or mesenchymal group. Tumor budding was evaluated in H&E‐stained slides and divided into two groups; low‐grade budding (<3) and high‐grade budding (≥3).ResultsThe 5‐year survival rate in the epithelial group was significantly higher than that in the mesenchymal group (62.0% vs. 31.5%, P = 0.021). Survival rate of patients in the low‐grade budding group was significantly higher than that of patients in the high‐grade budding group (75.1% vs. 25.9%, P < 0.001). High‐grade tumor budding was significantly associated with the mesenchymal group (P = 0.009).ConclusionEMT was found to occur in ESCC and was significantly associated with tumor budding. Tumor budding was identified as a significant independent prognostic factor among the current population of ESCC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 110:764–769. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition might be induced via CD44 isoform switching in colorectal cancer
Authors: Mashita Naoki , Yamada Suguru , Nakayama Goro , Tanaka Chie , Iwata Naoki , Kanda Mitsuro , Kobayashi Daisuke , Fujii Tsutomu , Sugimoto Hiroyuki , Koike Masahiko , Nomoto Shuji , Fujiwara Michitaka , Kodera Yasuhiro 
Published: June 2014

BackgroundIsoform switching of CD44 is associated with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in several cancers; however, the clinical implications of this remain unclear for colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodsWe measured expression levels of E‐cadherin, vimentin, CD44 standard (CD44s) and CD44 variant 9 (CD44v9) transcripts in 14 CRC cell lines and 150 CRC patients. We determined EMT and CD44 status by calculating vimentin/E‐cadherin and CD44s/CD44v9 expression ratios, respectively. Associations between EMT status and CD44 isoform switching, and between clinicopathological factors and prognosis were analyzed.ResultsCD44s was highly expressed in mesenchymal‐type cell lines, while CD44v9 was highly expressed in epithelial‐type cell lines. CD44 knockdown resulted in decreased levels of vimentin expression, and significantly reduced proliferation, migration and invasion of cells. In CRC patients, the mesenchymal group and the high CD44 status group exhibited significantly poorer survival than that for the epithelial group (5‐year survival; 62.1% vs. 85.5%, P = 0.0085) and the low CD44 status group (5‐year survival; 66.1% vs. 85.0%, P = 0.0251). On multivariate analysis, CD44 status was an independent prognostic factor.ConclusionsThe status of EMT and CD44 is a critical prognostic factor, with CD44 isoform switching a possible trigger for EMT in CRC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 110:745–751. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact of infiltrative growth on the outcome of patients with undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma and myxofibrosarcoma
Authors: Iwata Shintaro , Yonemoto Tsukasa , Araki Akinobu , Ikebe Dai , Kamoda Hiroto , Hagiwara Yoko , Ishii Takeshi 
Published: June 2014

Background and ObjectivesInfiltrative growth, frequently observed in undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) and myxofibrosarcoma (MFS), is often associated with a positive surgical margin as well as a local failure. The purpose of our study was to determine whether the radiographic growth patterns were associated with the outcomes of patients with UPS and MFS.MethodsWe reviewed 89 patients diagnosed with UPS or MFS and underwent initial surgery at our institute between 1994 and 2011. Growth patterns were assessed radiographically on preoperative MRI. Clinicopathological factors were collected and uni‐ and multivariate analyses were performed for survival.ResultsInfiltrative growth was observed in 21 patients (24%), which correlated with superficial tumors and positive surgical margin. Infiltrative growth correlated with poor disease‐specific and distant failure‐free survivals relative to non‐infiltrative growth. Multivariate analysis confirmed that these factors remained as significant factors. Patients with non‐infiltrative tumors resected inadequately exhibited slightly more favorable local control with postoperative radiotherapy, although no clinical benefit was seen for those with infiltrative tumors.ConclusionsInfiltrative growth was an adverse prognostic factor for not only local control, but also disease‐specific and metastasis‐free survival in patients with UPS and MFS. Radiotherapy could not salvage inadequately resected infiltrative tumors. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 110:707–711. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A comparison of microvascular responses to visible and near‐infrared lasers
Authors: Li D. , Farshidi D. , Wang G.X. , He Y.L. , Kelly K.M. , Wu W.J. , Chen B. , Ying Z.X. 
Published: June 2014

Background and ObjectivePulsed dye laser (PDL) is a commonly used treatment for Port Wine Stain birthmarks (PWS). However, deeper components of PWS are often resistant to PDL. Deeper penetrating lasers, including the long pulsed Neodymium:Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Nd:YAG) laser have been used, but carry greater risk. This study evaluates the distinct blood vessel thermal responses to visible (595 nm) and near infrared (1,064 nm) lasers using animal and numerical models.Study Design/Materials and MethodsBlood vessels in the rodent dorsal skin chamber (DSC) were irradiated by a 595 nm PDL and a long‐pulsed 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser. Laser‐induced immediate and 1‐hour post‐structural and functional changes in the vessels were documented. Numerical simulations were conducted using a 1,000 µm depth SD mouse skin fold to simulate experimental conditions.ResultsPDL irradiation produced immediate blood vessel hemorrhage. Modeling indicated this occurs due to preferential heating of the superior parts of large blood vessels. Nd:YAG irradiation resulted in blood vessel constriction; modeling indicated more uniform heating of vessel walls.ConclusionPDL and Nd:YAG lasers result in distinct tissue responses. This supports different observable clinical treatment end points when using these devices. Vessel constriction associated with the Nd:YAG may be more difficult to observe and is one reason this device may carry greater risk. Lasers Surg. Med. 46:479–487, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Urinary retention rates after intravesical onabotulinumtoxinA injection for idiopathic overactive bladder in clinical practice and predictors of this outcome
Authors: Osborn David James , Kaufman Melissa R. , Mock Stephen , Guan Michael J. , Dmochowski Roger R. , Reynolds W. Stuart 
Published: June 2014

AimsThe purpose of this study was to find the rate of urinary retention in clinical practice after treatment with onabotulinumtoxinA (BTN/A) for refractory overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms and determine factors that predict this outcome.MethodsThis is a retrospective study of BTN/A for treatment of non‐neurogenic, refractory OAB symptoms. Patients were analyzed with respect to their first and second BTN/A injections. The primary outcome measure was postoperative urinary retention. Statistical significance was assessed with multivariate logistic regression.ResultsBased on inclusion and exclusion criteria, the study population was 160. Mean age was 64 ± 13.2 years and 24% of the patients were men. The rate of urinary retention was 35% (n = 56). For the first BTN/A treatment, multivariate analysis revealed that preoperative PVR (post‐void residual volume) (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.13–1.43, P < 0.001) and preoperative bladder capacity (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01–1.08, P = 0.005) were associated with postoperative urinary retention. In patients with a preoperative PVR of ≥100 ml, 94% (n = 17) went into urinary retention. For those who underwent a second BTN/A treatment, preoperative PVR, BTN/A units injected and retention after the first BTN/A were associated with an increased rate of postoperative retention.ConclusionsIncreased preoperative PVR was associated with urinary retention. The retention rate is higher than that reported in recent clinical trials. The inclusion of patients with a preoperative PVR ≥100 ml and a lower threshold to initiate clean intermittent catheterization contributed to this high rate of retention. Neurourol. Urodynam. 34:???–???, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparative analysis of the pressure profilometry of vesicocutaneous continent catheterizable conduits between patients with and without rectus abdominis neosphincter (Yachia principle)
Authors: Rondon Atila , Leslie Bruno , Arcuri Leonardo Javier , Ortiz Valdemar , Macedo Antonio 
Published: June 2014

AimsTo assess whether crossing rectus abdominis muscle strips, as proposed by Yachia, would change urinary catheterizable conduit's pressure profilometry, in static and dynamic conditions.MethodsNon‐randomized selection of 20 continent patients that underwent Macedo's ileum‐based reservoir, 10 including Yachia's technique (Study Group) and 10 without this mechanism of continence (Control Group). Demographics and cystometric data were assessed. Conduit's pressure profilometry was obtained by infusing saline through a multichannel catheter, at rest and during Valsalva maneuver. We assessed the pressure: (a) in the bladder; (b) in conduit's proximal segment; and (c) in conduit's distal segment, which is presumably the abdominal wall and crossed muscle strips site.ResultsMean age at surgery was 6.1 years in the Control Group and 7.7 years in the Study Group. There was no statistically significant difference between groups regarding maximum cystometric bladder capacity and leakage point pressure. At rest, the pressure profilometry showed similar results between groups in all segments analyzed. During Valsalva maneuver, pressure profilometry showed similar results between groups in bladder and conduit's proximal segment pressure. In this condition, conduit's distal segment pressure in the Study Group (Mean = 72.9 and Peak = 128.7 cmH2O) was significantly greater (P < 0.05) than conduit's distal segment pressure in the Control Group (Mean = 48.3 and Peak = 65.1 cmH2O).ConclusionsCrossing muscle strips over the conduit significantly increases the pressure in its distal segment during contraction of the rectus abdominis muscle, which can be important in moments of sudden increase in abdominal pressure in order to keep continence. Neurourol. Urodynam. 34:???–???, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prevalence of dementia in urban and regional Aboriginal Australians
Authors: Radford Kylie , Mack Holly A. , Draper Brian , Chalkley Simon , Daylight Gail , Cumming Robert , Bennett Hayley , Delbaere Kim , Broe Gerald A. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of dementia in collaboration with urban/regional Aboriginal communities.MethodsA census of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men and women aged 60 years and above in the target communities identified 546 potential participants, with 336 (61.5%) participating in this cross‐sectional study. Participants completed a structured interview and cognitive screening tests. One hundred fifty‐three participants also completed a detailed medical assessment. Assessment data were reviewed by a panel of clinicians who determined a diagnosis of dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) according to standard criteria.ResultsCrude prevalence of dementia was 13.4%, and age‐standardized prevalence was 21.0%. The most common types of dementia were Alzheimer's dementia (44%) and mixed dementia diagnoses (29%). Estimated prevalence of MCI was 17.7%.ConclusionConsistent with previous findings in a remote population, urban and regional Aboriginal Australians face high rates of dementia at younger ages, most commonly Alzheimer's dementia.
Toward better understanding of artifacts in variant calling from high-coverage samples
Authors: Li Heng 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Motivation: Whole-genome high-coverage sequencing has been widely used for personal and cancer genomics as well as in various research areas. However, in the lack of an unbiased whole-genome truth set, the global error rate of variant calls and the leading causal artifacts still remain unclear even given the great efforts in the evaluation of variant calling methods.
Results: We made 10 single nucleotide polymorphism and INDEL call sets with two read mappers and five variant callers, both on a haploid human genome and a diploid genome at a similar coverage. By investigating false heterozygous calls in the haploid genome, we identified the erroneous realignment in low-complexity regions and the incomplete reference genome with respect to the sample as the two major sources of errors, which press for continued improvements in these two areas. We estimated that the error rate of raw genotype calls is as high as 1 in 10–15 kb, but the error rate of post-filtered calls is reduced to 1 in 100–200 kb without significant compromise on the sensitivity.
Availability and implementation: BWA-MEM alignment and raw variant calls are available at http://bit.ly/1g8XqRt scripts and miscellaneous data at https://github.com/lh3/varcmp .
Contact: hengli@broadinstitute.org
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Efficient initial volume determination from electron microscopy images of single particles
Authors: Vargas Javier , Álvarez-Cabrera Ana-Lucia , Marabini Roberto , Carazo Jose M. , Sorzano C. O. S. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Motivation: Structural information of macromolecular complexes provides key insights into the way they carry out their biological functions. The reconstruction process leading to the final 3D map requires an approximate initial model. Generation of an initial model is still an open and challenging problem in single-particle analysis.
Results: We present a fast and efficient approach to obtain a reliable, low-resolution estimation of the 3D structure of a macromolecule, without any a priori knowledge, addressing the well-known issue of initial volume estimation in the field of single-particle analysis. The input of the algorithm is a set of class average images obtained from individual projections of a biological object at random and unknown orientations by transmission electron microscopy micrographs. The proposed method is based on an initial non-lineal dimensionality reduction approach, which allows to automatically selecting representative small sets of class average images capturing the most of the structural information of the particle under study. These reduced sets are then used to generate volumes from random orientation assignments. The best volume is determined from these guesses using a random sample consensus (RANSAC) approach. We have tested our proposed algorithm, which we will term 3D-RANSAC, with simulated and experimental data, obtaining satisfactory results under the low signal-to-noise conditions typical of cryo-electron microscopy.
Availability: The algorithm is freely available as part of the Xmipp 3.1 package [ http://xmipp.cnb.csic.es ].
Contact: jvargas@cnb.csic.es
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.