bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrospun Polymeric Nanofibers for Malaria Control: Advances in Slow‐Release Mosquito Repellent Technology
Authors: Mapossa António Benjamim , da Silva Júnior Afonso Henrique , Mhike Washington , Sundararaj Uttandaraman , Silva de Oliveira Carlos Rafael 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe textile industry comprises technologies that transform synthetic or natural fibers into yarn, cloth, and felt for manufacturing clothing, upholstery, and household linens. The major public health threat in tropical and subtropical countries is mosquito‐borne malaria. Nowadays, the demand for insect repellent‐based textiles is continuously rising, as they are used for protection against diseases transmitted by mosquitoes. The present work reviews studies on the fabrication of insect repellent containing electrospun polymeric nanofibers as principal tools for protecting people against mosquito bites. Electrospinning technology is a remarkably facile technique for fabricating polymeric nanofiber devices. The technique is outlined and elucidated. The performance of insect repellent‐based polymeric nanofibers against mosquitoes is carefully reported and comprehensively reviewed in‐depth. Furthermore, the progress made on the mathematical modeling of the release rate of repellents through polymeric nanofiber devices is reviewed. The reviewed studies demonstrate that repellents can be released slowly from electrospun nanofibers, increasing the product's protection period against insects. The reviewed works suggest that electrospinning technology has led to an effective and facile methodology for fabricating functional nanofiber textiles with insect repellent. The reviewed studies showed that product‐based repellents can be effective not only against malaria but also against other mosquito‐borne diseases.
Effect of Fluorine and Copper Ions on Liquid‐Solid Triboelectric Nanogenerator
Authors: Salman Mohamed , Sorokin Vladislav , Li Zifan , Zhu Yuting , Gan Wee Chen , Aw Kean 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLiquid‐solid triboelectric nanogenerator (LS‐TENG) harvests energy efficiently while eliminating wear issues associated with solid‐solid TENG. However, the effect of ions or charges in the liquid on output performance needs further examination. In this work, the impact of fluorine and copper ions introduced through deionized water with sodium fluoride (DI‐NaF) and deionized water with copper sulfate (DI‐CuSO4) solution on the output voltage, charge and current of a tubular LS‐TENG with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and Nylon as solid materials is examined. The results indicate that fluorine and copper ions have opposite effects on PTFE and Nylon LS‐TENG's output. The fluorine (F−) ions enhance the triboelectric effect and charge transfer in Nylon LS‐TENG, increasing output, while they hinder the charge transfer process in PTFE LS‐TENG, consequently decreasing its output. Conversely, the copper (Cu2+) ions have a positive effect on the output of PTFE LS‐TENG and a detrimental effect on Nylon LS‐TENG's output. Moreover, the results indicate that LS TENG's output performance depends on the charges of solid and liquid triboelectric materials. Thus, this study provides insights into material‐ion interaction in LS‐TENG and underscores the importance of triboelectric material selection for optimizing output performance.
Synthesis and Flame Retardant Behavior of Phosphorous‐ and Nitrogen‐Containing Copolymer and Its Application in Polypropylene
Authors: Xu Tianhao , Gao Dali , Yin Hua , Yang Qingquan , Zhao Jiawei , Wang Xingguo , Niu Hui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, a 4‐(hydroxymethyl)‐2,6,7‐trioxa‐1‐phosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane 1‐oxide (PEPA)‐functionalized acrylate monomer, PEPAA, is designed and utilized for the synthesis of macromolecular flame retardants poly(PEPAA‐co‐AM) with varying PEPAA/AM ratio through copolymerization with acrylamide (AM). The poly(PEPAA‐co‐AM) is then incorporated into polypropylene (PP) to prepare PP/poly(PEPAA‐co‐AM) composites. The flame retardant effect of poly(PEPAA‐co‐AM) on PP is investigated using cone calorimetric test (CCT), and compared with that of PEPAA homopolymer (P‐PEPAA), AM homopolymer (PAM), and blends of P‐PEPAA/PAM. The results demonstrate that, in comparison with P‐PEPAA, PAM, and blends of P‐PEPAA/PAM, the incorporation of poly(PEPAA‐co‐AM) significantly enhances the flame retardancy of PP. Notably, the best flame retardancy is achieved when the ratio of PEPAA/AM copolymerization in poly(PEPAA‐co‐AM) is 2/8. The morphology and composition of residual chars from combustion are analyzed using SEM‐EDS while the residual graphitization degree is examined through Raman spectroscopy. Additionally, TG‐FTIR‐MS is utilized to investigate the pyrolysis products in gas phase during thermal decomposition of poly(PEPAA‐co‐AM). Based on these experimental results, a flame retardant mechanism for poly(PEPAA‐co‐AM) is proposed. The PP/poly(PEPAA‐co‐AM) composites not only retain the excellent processing properties of pure PP but also exhibit enhanced mechanical properties.
Applications of Functional Polymeric Eutectogels
Authors: Nicolau Alma , Mutch Alexandra L. , Thickett Stuart C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOver the past two decades, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have captured significant attention as an emergent class of solvents that have unique properties and applications in differing fields of chemistry. One area where DES systems find utility is the design of polymeric gels, often referred to as “eutectogels,” which can be prepared either using a DES to replace a traditional solvent, or where monomers form part of the DES themselves. Due to the extensive network of intramolecular interactions (e.g., hydrogen bonding) and ionic species that exist in DES systems, polymeric eutectogels often possess appealing material properties—high adhesive strength, tuneable viscosity, rapid polymerization kinetics, good conductivity, as well as high strength and flexibility. In addition, non‐covalent crosslinking approaches are possible due to the inherent interactions that exist in these materials. This review considers several key applications of polymeric eutectogels, including organic electronics, wearable sensor technologies, 3D printing resins, adhesives, and a range of various biomedical applications. The design, synthesis, and properties of these eutectogels are discussed, in addition to the advantages of this synthetic approach in comparison to traditional gel design. Perspectives on the future directions of this field are also highlighted.
Pilot Study of Acute Behavioral Effects of Pallidal Burst Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Kariv Saar , Choi Jeong Woo , Mirpour Koorosh , Gordon Ann M. , Alijanpourotaghsara Amirreza , Benam Mohsen , Abdalla Ruwayd , Chilukuri Sahil , Gu Jianwen W. , Bokil Hemant , Nanivadekar Shruti , Gittis Aryn H. , Pouratian Nader 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundBurst‐patterned pallidal deep brain stimulation (DBS) in an animal model of Parkinson's disease (PD) yields significantly prolonged therapeutic benefit compared to conventional continuous DBS, but its value in patients remains unclear.ObjectivesThe aims were to evaluate the safety and tolerability of acute (<2 hours) burst DBS in PD patients and to evaluate preliminary clinical effectiveness relative to conventional DBS.MethodsSix PD patients were studied with DBS OFF, conventional DBS, and burst DBS. Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III (UPDRS‐III) and proactive inhibition (using stop‐signal task) were evaluated for each condition.ResultsBurst and conventional DBS were equally tolerated without significant adverse events. Both stimulation patterns provided equivalent significant UPDRS‐III reduction and increased proactive inhibition relative to DBS OFF.ConclusionsThis pilot study supports the safety and tolerability of burst DBS, with acute effects similar to conventional DBS. Further larger‐scale studies are warranted given the potential benefits of burst DBS due to decreased total energy delivery. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Optimizing pseudo‐spiral sampling for abdominal DCE MRI using a digital anthropomorphic phantom
Authors: Wassenaar Nienke P. M. , Gurney‐Champion Oliver J. , van Schelt Anne‐Sophie , Bruijnen Tom , van Laarhoven Hanneke W. M. , Stoker Jaap , Nederveen Aart J. , Runge Jurgen H. , Schrauben Eric M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeFor reliable DCE MRI parameter estimation, k‐space undersampling is essential to meet resolution, coverage, and signal‐to‐noise requirements. Pseudo‐spiral (PS) sampling achieves this by sampling k‐space on a Cartesian grid following a spiral trajectory. The goal was to optimize PS k‐space sampling patterns for abdomin al DCE MRI.MethodsThe optimal PS k‐space sampling pattern was determined using an anthropomorphic digital phantom. Contrast agent inflow was simulated in the liver, spleen, pancreas, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). A total of 704 variable sampling and reconstruction approaches were created using three algorithms using different parametrizations to control sampling density, halfscan and compressed sensing regularization. The sampling patterns were evaluated based on image quality scores and the accuracy and precision of the DCE pharmacokinetic parameters. The best and worst strategies were assessed in vivo in five healthy volunteers without contrast agent administration. The best strategy was tested in a DCE scan of a PDAC patient.ResultsThe best PS reconstruction was found to be PS‐diffuse based, with quadratic distribution of readouts on a spiral, without random shuffling, halfscan factor of 0.8, and total variation regularization of 0.05 in the spatial and temporal domains. The best scoring strategy showed sharper images with less prominent artifacts in healthy volunteers compared to the worst strategy. Our suggested DCE sampling strategy also showed high quality DCE images in the PDAC patient.ConclusionUsing an anthropomorphic digital phantom, we identified an optimal PS sampling strategy for abdominal DCE MRI, and demonstrated feasibility in a PDAC patient.
Validation of the Chinese version of the ‘caring ability of family caregivers of patients with cancer scale (CAFCPCS)’ in family caregivers of elderly patients with cancer: A study protocol
Authors: Zhuang Dongmei , Wang Yan , Chen Qin , Wang Ting , Zhou Peng , Zhu Furong , Hu Shaohua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimThis study aims to translate the English version of the ‘caring ability of family caregivers of patients with cancer scale (CAFCPCS)’ into Chinese and validate its psychometric properties in the family caregivers of elderly patients with cancer.DesignA methodological study.MethodsBased on the Brislin translation model, the original scale will be translated and back‐translated, the Delphi expert consultation method will be adopted for cross‐cultural adaptation, and the pilot will be carried out in 20–30 family caregivers of elderly patients with cancer. Then, a dual‐centre prospective study will be conducted by recruiting 371–542 family caregivers of elderly patients with cancer to validate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of CAFCPCS.ResultsThe scale's content validity will be evaluated using the Delphi expert inquiry method, and the face validity will be evaluated using a pre‐experiment. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) will be used to assess structural validity, while internal consistency reliability and split‐half reliability will be used to assess reliability.Patient or Public ContributionPublic involvement is of great significance for this study. Participants will be used in a pre‐test to give feedback on whether the contents of the clinical pilot version of CAFCPCS after expert consultation can reflect real problems and whether the sentences can be well understood. Based on their opinions, the research group will further refine the scale.
Itaconic anhydride functionalized cyanoethyl cellulose with crosslinked structure enabled improved dielectric properties
Authors: Cheng Sen , Wang Xinyu , Yang Rui , Wang Jiabao , Lu Chunhua , Guo Kai , Zhu Ning , Hu Xin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs a type of cellulose ether, cyanoethyl cellulose (CEC) is considered to be a promising candidate for polymer dielectrics due to its sustainable nature and high dielectric constant induced by the cyano groups. However, the relatively high conduction loss of CEC arising from the charge motion across the polymer degrades its dielectric properties. In this work, we designed and synthesized an all‐organic polymer composite of CEC/itaconic anhydride (ITA) to improve dielectric properties. The CEC matrix was graft functionalized by ITA via an esterification reaction between the anhydride groups of ITA and hydroxyl groups of CEC. Meanwhile, crosslinking structure was also established in the composite by the generation of diester. Significantly improved dielectric constant (εr), elevated breakdown strength (Eb), restrained dielectric loss (tan δ) and decreased conductivity (σ) were observed in the composites compared with unmodified CEC. The εr increased from 17 for pure CEC to 32 for CEC/ITA at 1 kHz, and Eb also soared from 145 MV m−1 for CEC to 226 MV m−1 for the composite. The tan δ reduced from 0.24 for pure CEC to about 0.05 for the composite at 100 Hz. This should be attributed to the molecule trapping centers arising from the high electron affinity ITA and the formation of crosslinked networks as well as hydrogen bonding, which impeded the electric conduction. It also provided additional advantages of better dielectric properties for the CEC/ITA composites than pure CEC at high temperatures, which may offer inspiration for the design and preparation of bio‐based dielectrics for high temperatures. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Prevention and Management of Multimorbidity in Southeast Asia: A Narrative Review
Authors: Feng Xiyu , Sarma Haribondhu , Kelly Matthew 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTMultimorbidity, the coexistence of two or more chronic conditions, presents a growing global challenge, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries such as Southeast Asia. This trend necessitates the development of sustainable integrated care models to prevent and manage multimorbidity effectively. However, progress in this area has been hampered, especially in underdeveloped regions, by various barriers, including the epidemiology of multimorbidity, how to get different specialists and doctors to work together most availably and manage the multiple medication issues and how to develop cost‐effective approaches to reduce the health burden of multimorbidity. Preventive measures in Southeast Asia, which could tackle multiple components which commonly comprise multimorbidity, include enhancing health literacy and health promotion through school‐ and community‐based educational activities, primary healthcare and related policies on employing taxes on tobacco, alcohol and sugary beverages. The social determinants of health‐encompassing poverty and low education may also influence research on multimorbidity. Moreover, stakeholder engagements involving national governments, World Health Organization (WHO) and Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) are crucial. Management strategies focus on integrated care models, including patient‐centred primary healthcare, digital healthcare technologies, and medication management to control polypharmacy. Although research on multimorbidity in Southeast Asia is increasing, translating findings into practical measures was limited. Future efforts should prioritize evidence‐based approaches to prevent and manage multimorbidity effectively, addressing challenges like health system focusing on single chronic disease treatment independently, resource limitations, healthcare provider shortages and individual adherence issues. These ways promise to enhance the quality of life and health outcomes in this region.
A stepwise surface ionization method for ion mobility spectrometry
Authors: Lin Jianhua , Gao Xiaoguang , Jia Jian , He Xiuli 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRationaleThe detection of organic nitrogen compounds in exhaled breath is expected to provide an early warning of diseases such as kidney disease. Detecting these trace disease markers in exhaled breath with complex composition and high moisture content is a challenge. Surface ionization (SI) shows a highly selective ionization of organic nitrogen compounds, and it is a good candidate for breath analysis combined with ion mobility spectrometry (IMS).MethodsA stepwise SI method of low‐temperature adsorption/high‐temperature ionization was proposed, and trimethylamine (TMA) was detected when combined with an ion mobility spectrometer. TMA at different concentrations and humidity levels and spiked in human breath was detected to evaluate the method's properties.ResultsTMA with concentrations from 2 to 200 ppb was detected. The peak intensity of the TMA characteristic ions was linearly related to the “e” exponent of the concentration with a curve fit of 0.996. A standard deviation of less than 0.306% was obtained with 10 replicate analyses of 10 ppb TMA. The signal intensity difference between dry and wet (relative humidity > 93%) TMA samples is only 2.7%, and the recovery rate of the sample was 106.819%.ConclusionsSI‐IMS based on the stepwise SI method has the advantages of low ionization temperature, high detection sensitivity, strong resistance to humidity interference, and good repeatability. It is a promising method for detecting organic nitrogen compounds in exhaled breath.
The application of robotics in plastic and reconstructive surgery: A systematic review
Authors: Ruccia Francesca , Mavilakandy Akash , Imtiaz Hassan , Erskine John , Liew Yong Yie , Ali Meyada , Khajuria Ankur 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundRobotic assisted surgery (RAS) has seen significant advancement in many surgical specialties, although the application of robotics in plastic and reconstructive surgery remains to be widely established. This systematic review aims to assess the role of RAS in plastic and reconstructive surgery.MethodsThe review protocol was published and registered a priori as CRD42024507420. A comprehensive electronic search for relevant studies was performed in MEDLINE, Embase and Google scholar databases.ResultsOverall, 132 studies were initially identified, of which, 44 studies satisfied the eligibility criteria with a cumulative total of 239 patients. RAS demonstrated a high degree of procedural success and anastomotic patency in microvascular procedures. There was no significant difference in periprocedural adverse events between robotic and manual procedures.ConclusionRAS can be feasibly implemented in plastic and reconstructive surgery with a good efficacy and safety profile, particularly for microsurgical anastomosis and trans‐oral surgery.
Simulating blood accumulation with improved smoothed particle hydrodynamics in surgical simulation system
Authors: Sun Pengyu , Liu Peter Xiaoping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundBlood accumulation often occurs during bleeding in surgery. Simulating the blood accumulation in surgical simulation system not only enhances the realism and immersion of surgical training, but also helps researchers better understand the physical properties of blood flow.MethodsTo realistically simulate the blood accumulation during the bleeding, this paper proposes a novel kernel function with non‐negative second derivatives to improve the SPH method. Meanwhile, a simple form of boundary force equation is constructed to impose the solid boundary condition.ResultsWe simulate the blood accumulation during liver bleeding and vessel bleeding respectively in the surgical simulation system. The simulation results show that there is no occurrence of blood physically penetrating the boundary.ConclusionsApplying the solid boundary condition to the blood by using the method proposed in this paper is not only convenient but can also eliminate compression instability in the blood accumulation simulation.
Influence of child marriage on nutritional status among their under‐five children in Bangladesh: Evidence from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey data 2011, 2014 and 2017–18
Authors: Khan Murad Alam , Haque Md Ahshanul , Tariqujjaman Md. , Sarmin Monira , Ahmed Tahmeed , Mahfuz Mustafa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveChild marriage remains a significant concern in Bangladesh, where 38 million girls are married before reaching the age of 18. Child marriage contributes adversely to the health and nutritional status of their offspring. The current analysis investigated the association between maternal child marriage and nutritional outcomes including stunting, wasting and underweight of their under‐five children.MethodThis study analyzed data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys (BDHS) conducted in 2011, 2014 and 2017–2018. The researchers used descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression analyses, controlling for potential socioeconomic and demographic variables, and adjusted the sample weight in all analyses using Stata.ResultThe analyses included pooled data of 25 323 ever‐married women and their under‐five children. Results showed that 73% of women were married before the age of 18. Children born to mothers married as children themselves were 19% more likely to be stunted and 13% was underweight but wasting wasn't directly linked to maternal child marriage. Adjusted analysis showed that child marriage was significantly associated with stunting [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.19; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08, 1.33], underweight (aOR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.26), wasting (aOR: 1.05; 95% CI: 0.97, 1.13).ConclusionThis study observed a high prevalence of child marriage. Maternal child marriage was significantly associated with stunting, and underweight of their under‐five children. Mechanisms underlying these associations need to be explored to develop effective interventions to address these issues.
Where to invest? Effects of technological capabilities on corporate venture capital investments
Authors: Ryu Wonsang , Bae Joonhyung , Brush Thomas H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResearch SummaryWe investigate why a corporate investor makes more corporate venture capital (CVC) investments in certain areas than in others. Focusing on firms' different technological capabilities across distinct technology domains, we argue that a corporate investor's technological capabilities in a given domain affect its likelihood of investing in (1) ventures within the domain in an inverted U‐shaped manner and (2) ventures operating in other technologically complementary domains in a positive manner. We further claim that these two suggested relationships between technological capabilities and the likelihood of CVC investments are shaped by the technology growth rate of the focal domain. We test these arguments in the US medical sector, where incumbent firms are active in CVC investments as a means to acquire external knowledge.Managerial SummaryWe argue that firms exhibit different patterns in their choice of CVC investment areas based on their technological capabilities within a given technology domain. Our findings in the US medical sector indicate that firms are most likely to invest in ventures within domains where their technological capabilities are moderate—neither too weak nor too strong. This suggests that CVC investments serve gap‐filling purposes for technology intermediates. Moreover, corporate investors tend to invest in ventures within domains that are technologically complementary to their areas of strength. However, when a given domain experiences rapid growth, technology leaders in that domain shift their CVC investment focus from complementary areas to that domain to maintain their leading position.