bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partial Oxidation of Methane at Elevated Pressures and Effects of Propene and Ethane as Additive: Experiment and Simulation
Authors: Sen Fikri , Kasper Tina , Bergmann Ulf , Hegner Robert , Atakan Burak 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Partial homogeneous oxidation of methane (CH4) within
stationary engines may be one concept for conversion of available
energy to alternatively mechanical energy, heat, and additional useful
chemicals like syngas (CO/H2), formaldehyde
(CH2O), methanol (CH3OH) or hydrocarbons
(e.g. C2H4). The present study investigates the formation
reactions of chemicals experimentally and theoretically. Methane
oxidation is studied under fuel-rich conditions (ϕ = 17.50–22.25) at high pressures (6 bar) and high
temperatures (T
max  = 1030 K) for long residence times
in a tubular reactor. The gas composition is determined experimentally
by time-of-flight mass spectrometry for different reactor
temperatures. Through variation of reactor temperature an overview of
the maximum mole fractions of target chemicals, the temperature of
observed reaction onset, and the optimal temperature to increase
target yields can be determined. The experimental results are compared
to kinetic simulations of the methane conversion using literature
mechanisms to assess how well the data are reproduced for these
uncommon reaction conditions. The potential of activating the
conversion reactions with ethane (C2H6) and propene
(C3H6) as additives is investigated. Methanol is chosen
as one target compound. Its yield is increased by both additives. In
addition, propene as additive reduces the temperature of reaction
onset in the experiments and in the simulation. CH2O and
C2H4 can be identified as other useful chemicals produced
in the experiments and the influence of the additives on the yields is
discussed.
Buckled Topography to Enhance Light Absorption in Thin Film Organic
Photovoltaics Comprising CuPc/C60 Bilayer Laminates
Authors: Liu Ying , Casper Michelle D. , Gozen Arif O. , Desai Sharvil , Klem Ethan , Lewis Jay , Maria Jon-Paul , Dickey Michael D. , Genzer Jan 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Organic photovoltaic (OPVs) devices are promising due to their low
cost, light weight, and compatibility with high throughput processing
on flexible substrates. This paper demonstrates a simple process
utilizing thin-film instabilities to enhance light absorption in OPVs
in a way that is compatible with planar processing and the customary
thermal annealing steps. Placing a thin, transparent polystyrene (PS)
film between the glass substrate and the transparent conductive indium
tin oxide (ITO) electrode results in the formation of periodic surface
buckles in the PS layer due to induced strain caused by thermal
expansion mismatch between the ITO and PS films. OPVs comprising
bilayer laminates of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) and fullerene
(C60) deposited onto buckled the ITO/PS substrate show enhanced
light absorption due to the longer path-length and improved power
conversion efficiency (20%) relative to a similar planar
device. This approach is appealing because it takes advantage of
naturally-occurring surface topography (i. e., buckling)
without the need for any sophisticated patterning. This work is
distinguished from other buckling strategies for OPVs by the use of
ITO as a transparent, conductive electrode and the absence of
additional processing steps.
Zagreb u Prvome svjetskom ratu
Authors: Jurić Mirjana 
Published: March 2015

Cilj rada je, koristeći ponajprije novine kao povijesne izvore, rekonstruirati socijalnu sliku Zagreba tijekom Prvoga svjetskog rata usredotočujući se na utjecaj ratnih prilika na svakodnevni gradski život, uvjete života i na položaj djece kao najosjetljivije skupine stanovništva.
Nestašica papira i njegova skupoća u ratnim su godinama uzrokovale smanjen opseg dnevnih i tjednih novina, što je posljedično dovelo do svojevrsne „cenzure“ vijesti - različite tiskovine su često puta donosile i različite vijesti, odnosno, ono što je bilo objavljeno u jednim novinama, u drugima zbog štednje papira nije bilo objavljeno. Da bi se stoga stekla što cjelovitija slika, korištene su različite tiskovine („Narodne novine“, „Jutarnji list“, „Obzor“, „Novine“, „Hrvatska“, „Ilustrovani list“, „Katolički list“ i „Narodna zaštita“) koje su se pokazale kao neiscrpno vrelo podataka i suvremenih opservacija o navedenim problemima.
Rad govori o općoj nesigurnost u gradu tijekom rata, katastrofalnim socijalnim uvjetima, karakterističnim ratnim motivima (ranjenici na ulicama, život pod ratnim uredbama, gotovo svakodnevne, usiljene dobrotvorne priredbe) i posljedicama ratnog stanja (nestašica životnih potrepština i siromaštvo, prosjačenje i skitnja, zapuštena djeca i ratna siročad, pomor dojenčadi).
Radom je dokazano da su povijesne novine prvorazredan povijesni izvor, a temeljni je znanstveni doprinos rada rekonstrukcija dijela zagrebačke socijalne povijesti tijekom Prvoga svjetskog rata, uz naglasak da je taj dio hrvatske povijesti još uvijek slabo i necjelovito istražen.
Selfing Rate in an Alfalfa Seed Production Field Pollinated with Leafcutter Bees
Authors: Riday Heathcliffe , Reisen Peter , Raasch John A. , Santa‐Martinez Emmanuel , Brunet Johanne 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTAlfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) self‐pollination (i.e., selfing) causes inbreeding depression. Determining factors influencing alfalfa seed production selfing rates could inform potential mitigation strategies to reduce selfing. We measured in situ selfing rates from seed sampled from random plants in a commercial alfalfa seed production field pollinated by leafcutter bees (Megachile rotundata F.). Alfalfa selfing rates were estimated by genotyping ∼24 progeny from each of 38 maternal plants. Maternal plant distance to pollinator domicile, pod position on racemes, raceme position on stems, and seeds per pod were noted during seed and tissue collection. Selfing rates averaged 11.8% with individual selfing rates ranging from 0% to 52.2%. Seed from pods collected from upper parts of racemes had lower selfing rates (9.1%) compared to pods from lower parts of racemes (15.1%). When “low” self‐compatible (<15% selfing rate in 3+ seeded pods) and “high” self‐compatible (≥15% selfing rate in 3+ seeded pods) plants were examined separately, however, this pattern remained significant only for low self‐compatible plants (upper raceme selfing rates 3.1% vs. lower raceme 8.3%). Low self‐compatible plants had higher selfing rates in 1‐2 seeded pods (12.9%) compared to 3+ seeded pods (3.8%) while high self‐compatible plants showed no differences in selfing rates based on seed number per pod. Genetic differences for self‐pollen's ability to outcompete outcross pollen when growing down the style best explained observed differences between low and high self‐compatible plants. Best management practices and selection could help reduce but not eliminate selfing in alfalfa seed production fields.
Environmental Effects on the Expression of Genotypic Differences in Wheat Grain Viscosity
Authors: Levy Häner Lilia , Stamp Peter , Kreuzer Michael , Herrera Juan Manuel , Pellet Didier 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTWheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grains are widely used as a feed. Contrasting to the demand of a high viscosity for bread making, a low viscosity is required for monogastric livestock. The impact of genotype and climate on this trait is largely unknown. Therefore, seven wheat varieties grown at five sites in Switzerland from 2007 to 2009 were analyzed for the potential applied viscosity, that is, the viscosity after inactivation of the plants’ own enzymes. The varieties covered a wide range in viscosity, thus representing different classes of wheat quality. Agronomical traits and meteorological data were related to viscosity by correlation and regression analyses. The average daily temperature (ADT) from 20 to 34 d after heading was closely and negatively correlated with viscosity (r = −0.73), which, on the average over all varieties, explained 54% of the variability in viscosity. The impact of precipitation was just 4%. One variety was temperature insensitive. In the six thermosensitive varieties, the viscosity in a given environment could be predicted accurately by a linear regression developed from the average temperature during grain development. The existing genetic variability enables the identification of high‐quality feed wheat varieties and facilitates breeding for temperature‐stable, low‐viscosity feed wheat varieties.
Protein and Dry‐Matter Degradability of European‐ and Mediterranean‐Derived Birdsfoot Trefoil Cultivars Grown in the Colder Continental USA
Authors: Grabber J. H. , Coblentz W. K. , Riday H. , Griggs T. C. , Min D. H. , MacAdam J. W. , Cassida K. A. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTRecent work suggests several European‐ and Mediterranean‐derived cultivars of birdsfoot trefoil (BFT, Lotus corniculatus L.) are well adapted to the colder continental United States and produce forage with greater condensed tannin (CT) concentrations, but comparable neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and slightly lower crude‐protein (CP) concentrations than the commonly grown cultivar Norcen. In the current study, thirteen of these foreign‐derived cultivars and Norcen were harvested under two‐ or three‐cut management during 2006 in Michigan, Utah, Wisconsin, and West Virginia and analyzed in vitro for rumen degradable and undegradable protein on a CP and dry‐matter (DM) basis (RDPCP, RDPDM, and RUPDM) and for rumen degradable and true degradable DM (RDDM and TDDM). Foreign‐derived cultivars usually produced forage with greater RUPDM and lower RDPCP, RDPDM, RDDM, and TDDM than Norcen. The low NDF cultivar Bokor uniquely combined high CT and RUPDM with high TDDM. The highest yielding cultivar Lotar also produced herbage with moderate to high CT, RUPDM, and TDDM. Concentrations of CT and CP influenced RDPCP, RDPDM, and RDDM, while CT affected RUPDM, and fiber components influenced TDDM; relationships were greatly influenced by growth environment. Reductions in RDPDM exceeded gains in RUPDM as CT increased, thus, feeding of high‐CT cultivars could mainly curb urinary N excretion from excess RDPDM rather than boost amino acid supply from potentially digestible RUPDM. Additional work is needed to improve the nutritional consistency of harvested BFT across environments and to develop higher‐yielding cultivars with optimal RDPDM and RUPDM and high TDDM for maximizing livestock performance.
Combined rigid and flexible endoscopy for tumors in the posterior third ventricle
Authors: Roth Jonathan , Constantini Shlomi 
Published: March 2015

OBJECT
Tumors leading to occlusion of the sylvian aqueduct include those of pineal, thalamic, and tectal origins. These tumors cause obstructive hydrocephalus and thus necessitate a CSF diversion procedure such as an endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV), often coupled with an endoscopic biopsy (EBX). Lesions located posterior to the massa intermedia pose a technical challenge, as the use of a rigid endoscope for performing both an ETV and EBX is limited. The authors describe their experience using a combined rigid and flexible endoscopic procedure through a single bur hole for both procedures in patients with posterior third ventricular tumors.

METHODS
Since January 2012, patients with posterior third ventricular tumors causing hydrocephalus underwent dual ETV and EBX procedures using the combined rigid-flexible endoscopic technique. Following institutional review board approval, data from clinical, radiological, surgical, and pathological records were retrospectively collected.

RESULTS
Six patients 3.5–53 years of age were included. Lesion locations included pineal (n = 3), fourth ventricle (n = 1), aqueduct (n = 1), and tectum (n = 1). The ETV and EBX were successful in all cases. Pathologies included pilocytic astrocytoma, pineoblastoma, ependymoma Grade II, germinoma, low-grade glioneural tumor, and atypical choroid plexus papilloma. One patient experienced an immediate postoperative intraventricular hemorrhage necessitating evacuation of the clots and resection of the tumor, eventually leading to the patient's death.

CONCLUSIONS
The authors recommend using a combined rigid-flexible endoscope for endoscopic third ventriculostomy and biopsy to approach posterior third ventricular tumors (behind the massa intermedia). This technique overcomes the limitations of using a rigid endoscope by reaching 2 distant regions.
Passage à l’acte, acte analytique et interprétation
Authors: Gabarron-Garcia Florent 
Published: March 2015

L’auteur propose une narration clinique qui rend compte de la dimension institutionnelle et sociale d’une cure analytique dans un établissement dit de « psychiatrie ordinaire ». Il développe ainsi la façon dont l’aliénation sociale et l’aliénation psychopathologique, chères à J. Oury, se conjuguent et constituent la matière même de l’analyse pour procéder à un frayage clinique, là où, a priori, ce travail était supposé impossible. Un certain nombre de concepts cliniques sont ainsi reconfigurés. Le passage à l’acte peut être en effet du côté de l’institution et signer une tentative d’appropriation du symptôme du sujet. Cependant, grâce au ressort de l’interprétation et de l’acte analytique, qui ne se limitent plus à l’espace isolé de la cure, la violence de cette emprise peut également se réinscrire dans le travail de cure comme objet inconscient d’une jouissance mortifère propre à l’histoire du sujet.
L'approche néo-institutionnaliste du développement à l'épreuve de l'émergence chinoise
Authors: Taouil Rédouane 
Published: March 2015

L’approche néo-institutionnaliste prône, à partir de son analyse du lien entre formes institutionnelles et développement, l’adoption de « bonnes institutions », fondées sur les droits de propriété, le libre fonctionnement des marchés et l’encadrement des interventions publiques par des règles. L’émergence chinoise, résultat de formes institutionnelles qui ne s’avèrent pas conformes aux préceptes du consensus de Washington, prennent ces préconisations en défaut.
Effets internes et externes du développement des hydrocarbures non conventionnels aux États-Unis : bilan d’étape et perspectives
Authors: Geoffron Patrice , Méritet Sophie 
Published: March 2015

L’article analyse le développement des hydrocarbures non conventionnels, en distinguant ses effets « internes », c’est-à-dire observables dans l’espace nord-américain, et ceux à caractère « externe », qu’ils soient économiques ou géopolitiques, diffusant au-delà de ces frontières et notamment en Europe. L’objectif est, en particulier, de déterminer la gamme des adaptations qui s’offrent aux Européens pour faire face à la compétitivité confortée des Américains. La conclusion essentielle est que, dans la mesure où les entreprises européennes ne pourront bénéficier de prix énergétiques (gaz, électricité) comparables à ceux en vigueur aux États-Unis, elles doivent absolument préserver leur avantage en termes d’efficacité énergétique.
Public Policy for Electric Vehicles and for Vehicle to GridPower
Authors: Kempton Willett , Perez Yannick , Petit Marc 
Published: March 2015

L’article cherche à définir une action publique efficace dans le domaine des véhicules électriques et des services associés aux réseaux électriques. Nous débutons notre discussion par une évaluation des défaillances de marché militant pour une action publique coordonnée en faveur des véhicules électriques et des services réseaux qui lui sont associés. Nous traitons alors de trois dimensions qui devraient être coordonnées dans une politique publique cohérente en faveur de cette industrie : 1) celle-ci doit réduire le coût d’acquisition des VE qui ne sont pas encore concurrentiels ; 2) elle doit également définir des règles et des standards pour favoriser l’émergence d’une mobilité électrique et enfin 3) elle doit faciliter le développement de nouveaux métiers qui permettront aux réseaux électriques d’être mieux gérés et aux VE d’être plus compétitifs. Dans cet article, nous analysons les barrières à la diffusion des VE, nous organisons une revue des politiques publiques existantes et nous proposons des solutions adaptées dans le cadre d’une politique publique coordonnée concernant les VE et les services associés.
Pourquoi s’engager volontairement dans la transition énergétique ? Enseignements de la littérature sur la responsabilité sociale et environnementale des entreprises
Authors: Crifo Patricia , Forget Vanina D. 
Published: March 2015

Cet article examine le rôle des démarches de responsabilité sociale et environnementale (RSE) des entreprises dans la transition énergétique, en complément ou en substitution de la sphère publique. Trois motifs principaux permettent de comprendre les incitations économiques des entreprises en faveur de ce type de démarches volontaires : répondre à et anticiper des pressions de la société, qu’elles émanent du législateur ou des citoyens ; attirer des consommateurs ; se distinguer de ses concurrents et créer de nouveaux marchés ; ou répondre aux attentes de ses actionnaires, notamment les investisseurs socialement responsables et de ses employés. Les effets réels de ces politiques en termes de performance financière et extrafinancière sont également discutés.
Biweekly gemcitabine and paclitaxel in patients with relapsed or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Sukari Ammar , Al-Hajeili Marwan , Salem Mohamed , Heilbrun Lance , Smith Daryn , Yoo George , Jacobs John R , Lin Ho-Sheng , Kucuk Omer 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Purpose: We conducted a Phase II, clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a biweekly gemcitabine and paclitaxel (GEMTAX) regimen as second-line treatment in patients with recurrent or metastatic unresectable, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). The primary endpoint was response rate. Patients and Methods: Patients with recurrent unresectable or metastatic platinum refractory SCCHN, who had performance status ≤2 and adequate organ function, were eligible. Gemcitabine (3000 mg/m 2 intravenous) and paclitaxel (150 mg/m 2 intravenous) was given on days 1 and 15of 4 weeks cycle, until patients had disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Results: Disease control (partial response [PR] + complete response [CR] + stable disease [SD]) was noted in 19 patients (54%) and overall response (CR + PR) was noted in 8 patients (23%). However, the most frequent response outcomes were progressive disease in 16 patients (46%) and SD in 11 patients (31%). The most frequent Grade 3-4 adverse events were lymphopenia in 38 patients (75%), anemia in 20 patients (39%), and infection in 16 patients (31%). Median progression-free survival was 3.6 months; median overall survival was 6.3 months. Conclusion: The biweekly GEMTAX regimen has statistically significant grade 3 and 4 adverse events and has meaningful clinical activity as a second-line treatment in patients with recurrent or metastatic SCCHN who have received prior chemotherapy. This regimen may particularly be a useful treatment option in patients who progressed in <6 months of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with high-dose cisplatin and/or have recurrent/metastatic platinum refractory SCCHN.
Extensive vascular occlusions as initial presentations of systemic lupus erythematosis. A case report and review of literature
Authors: Elsharawy Mohamed A , Hasan Manal , Abdul-Rahman Ibrahiem Saeed , Al-Dhofairy Bandar , Elsaid Ayman 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWidespread arterial and venous thrombosis is a very rare initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We report a case with extensive vascular occlusion as the initial manifestation of SLE. Although these cases have high morbidity and mortality, yet our patient recovered with minimal complications.
A rare case of coronary artery fistula presented with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Smettei Osama Abdalhadi , Abazid Rami Mahmood 
Published: March 2015

AbstractCoronary artery fistulas (CAFs): Are anomalous connections of the coronary arteries (CA) with major vascular structures or heart chambers. Most of CAFs are incidental findings during invasive coronary angiography (ICA) or computed tomography angiography (CTA). Many patients with CAFs are asymptomatic; only a minority has been associated with various clinical features and outcomes. We have reported a rare CAF complicated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in 43 years old female Patient who was admitted to our institution with a Diagnosis of Acute Infero-Posterior Myocardial Infarction (AMI). ICA and CTA showed a thrombosed CAF between left main coronary artery and right atrium with totally occluded left circumflex artery by a thrombus extended from the fistula. As there was a high risk associated with immediate intervention, the patient was kept on conservative management with a future plan of catheter-assisted or surgical closure. We have shown a rare case of CAF presenting with AMI that is unusual for such an anomaly, and have highlighted the role of CTA in the diagnosis and management of such rare disorder.
The Rising of the Cosmopolitan Personalities
Authors: Crimi Davide C. 
Published: March 2015

This short essay wants to look at beat literature as a medium that has re-introduced in popular feelings the possibility to change the world, transforming its social rules by using new technologies as instruments for emancipation. Stating this, the essay links the beat movement to hipster’s hopes of the beginning of the XX century, with the need to reflect on the meaning of two WW as barriers to people’s emancipation. From the non-academic side of the perspective, the essay indicates some special sources, trying to demonstrate how beat literature has shaped new meanings to words like “occult”, “magic”, linking them with other words like “awareness” and “emancipation”. Doing this, a tribute is given to the historical role played by the magazine “International Times” as living witness of the years when beat literature was germinating into the generational protest. The conclusions are oriented towards the meaning in the present for a beat attitude to (social) life, with the new awareness of the way indicated by Allen Ginzberg about the unuseful dimension of drugs as instruments to get the vision, and the need to substitute them with natural tools to be able to extract them from unconscious through yoga and meditation systems. This may help to create a new kind of people, involved in a cosmopolitan interpretation of life, able to interconnect by the new information and communication technologies, ready to create a new social intellect. Of course, we do not pretend to present this work of network as a strong link, rather, it seems to be a weak tie. Nevertheless, this weak tie in sociology is a concept used to indicate a relationship that is not as strong as quotidian family or professional relationships. The strength of weak ties theory affirms that weak ties provide access to new audiences where you could find opportunities or contrary opinions that would make ideas stronger, looking at how a person’s network can contribute to their success. Ideas are like germs and they don’t diffuse through populations of people at random, instead, they make their way through networks – that is the kind of relationships we may have with people, creating connections with others. The changes in communication system (Internet, on the immaterial side, the mobility system on the physical side) are creating new opportunities to create network both on the immaterial and on the physical side. Conference driven by intellectual affinities and wishes to know better each others culture seems to generate the conditions of a new kind of people, creating cosmopolitan attitude as something that can be shared by an increasing number of people.