bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface‐to‐volume ratio mapping of tumor microstructure using oscillating gradient diffusion weighted imaging
Authors: Reynaud Olivier , Winters Kerryanne Veronica , Hoang Dung Minh , Wadghiri Youssef Zaim , Novikov Dmitry S , Kim Sungheon Gene 
Published: July 2015

PurposeTo disentangle the free diffusivity (D0) and cellular membrane restrictions, by means of their surface‐to‐volume ratio (S/V), using the frequency‐dependence of the diffusion coefficient D(ω), measured in brain tumors in the short diffusion‐time regime using oscillating gradients (OGSE).MethodsIn vivo and ex vivo OGSE experiments were performed on mice bearing the GL261 murine glioma model (n = 10) to identify the relevant time/frequency (t/ω) domain where D(ω) linearly decreases with ω−1/2. Parametric maps (S/V, D0) are compared with conventional DWI metrics. The impact of frequency range and temperature (20°C versus 37°C) on S/V and D0 is investigated ex vivo.ResultsThe validity of the short diffusion‐time regime is demonstrated in vivo and ex vivo. Ex vivo measurements confirm that the purely geometric restrictions embodied in S/V are independent from temperature and frequency range, while the temperature dependence of the free diffusivity D0 is similar to that of pure water.ConclusionOur results suggest that D(ω) in the short diffusion‐time regime can be used to uncouple the purely geometric restriction effect, such as S/V, from the intrinsic medium diffusivity properties, and provides a nonempirical and objective way to interpret frequency/time‐dependent diffusion changes in tumors in terms of objective biophysical tissue parameters. Magn Reson Med 76:237–247, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Balanced UTE‐SSFP for 19F MR imaging of complex spectra
Authors: Goette Matthew J. , Keupp Jochen , Rahmer Jürgen , Lanza Gregory M. , Wickline Samuel A. , Caruthers Shelton D. 
Published: July 2015

PurposeA novel technique for highly sensitive detection of multiresonant fluorine imaging agents was designed and tested with the use of dual‐frequency 19F/1H ultrashort echo times (UTE) sampled with a balanced steady‐state free precession (SSFP) pulse sequence and three‐dimensional (3D) radial readout.MethodsFeasibility of 3D radial balanced UTE‐SSFP imaging was demonstrated for a phantom comprising liquid perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB). Sensitivity of the pulse sequence was measured and compared with other sequences imaging the PFOB (CF2)6 line group including UTE radial gradient‐echo (GRE) at α = 30°, as well as Cartesian GRE, balanced SSFP, and fast spin‐echo (FSE). The PFOB CF3 peak was also sampled with FSE.ResultsThe proposed balanced UTE‐SSFP technique exhibited a relative detection sensitivity of 51
min−1/2 (α = 30°), at least twice that of other sequence types with either 3D radial (UTE GRE: 20
min−1/2) or Cartesian k‐space filling (GRE: 12
min−1/2; FSE: 16
min−1/2; balanced SSFP: 23
min−1/2). In vivo imaging of angiogenesis‐targeted PFOB nanoparticles was demonstrated in a rabbit model of cancer on a clinical 3 Tesla scanner.ConclusionA new dual 19F/1H balanced UTE‐SSFP sequence manifests high SNR, with detection sensitivity more than two‐fold better than traditional techniques, and alleviates imaging problems caused by dephasing in complex spectra. Magn Reson Med 74:537–543, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Urodynamics for incontinence after midurethral sling removal
Authors: Coskun Burhan , Lavelle Rebecca S. , Alhalabi Feras , Lemack Gary , Zimmern Philippe E. 
Published: July 2015

IntroductionWe reviewed the role of urodynamics (UDS) in the management of women with incontinence following mid‐urethral sling removal (MUSR).MethodsFollowing IRB approval, women from a longitudinal database who had persistent or recurrent urinary incontinence (UI) after MUSR, desired further therapy, and subsequently underwent UDS were reviewed. Women with neurogenic bladder, obstructive symptoms without UI, urethra‐vaginal fistula, anterior compartment prolapse >Stage 2, or those who had concomitant autologous sling surgery at the time of MUSR were excluded. Interval time between MUSR and UDS, UDS findings, and UI management after UDS were recorded.ResultsFrom 2006 to 2013, 71 of 246 women had UDS after MUSR for persistent or recurrent UI. For the 54 women in the final analysis, mean time between tape removal and UDS was 12.4 months (range: 4–65). UDS demonstrated incontinence in 78% of patients: stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in 19 (35%), detrusor overactivity incontinence (DOI) in 6 (11%), and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) in 17 (32%). On pressure‐flow studies, the following voiding patterns were demonstrated: normal voiding (39), valsalva voiding (6), obstruction (2), underactive detrusor (1), no voiding records (6). UDS storage and emptying data were used in subsequent symptom‐based patient counseling for treatment planning. Urethral bulking agent was the most commonly chosen management (43%).ConclusionOur current guidelines for UDS in women after incontinence procedures and MUSR are currently based on a low level of evidence. This study reinforces the role of UDS to guide therapy for UI after MUSR. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:939–943, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High definition urethral pressure profilometry: Evaluating a novel microtip catheter
Authors: Klünder Mario , Amend Bastian , Vaegler Martin , Kelp Alexandra , Feuer Ronny , Sievert Karl‐Dietrich , Stenzl Arnulf , Sawodny Oliver , Ederer Michael 
Published: July 2015

IntroductionUrethral pressure profilometry (UPP) is used in the diagnosis of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). SUI is a significant medical, social, and economic problem, affecting about 12.5% of the population. A novel microtip catheter was developed for UPP featuring an inclination sensor and higher angular resolution compared to systems in clinical use today. Therewith, the location of each measured pressure sample can be determined and the spatial pressure distribution inside the urethra reconstructed. In order to assess the performance and plausibility of data from the microtip catheter, we compare it to data from a double balloon air charged system.Materials and MethodsBoth catheters are used on sedated female minipigs. Data from the microtip catheter are processed through a signal reconstruction algorithm, plotted and compared against data from the air‐charged catheter.ResultsThe microtip catheter delivers results in agreement with previous comparisons of microtip and air‐charged systems. It additionally provides a new level of detail in the reconstructed UPPs which may lead to new insights into the sphincter mechanism of minipigs.ConclusionsThe ability of air‐charged catheters to measure pressure circumferentially is widely considered a main advantage over microtip catheters. However, directional pressure readings can provide additional information on angular fluctuations in the urethral pressure distribution. It is shown that the novel microtip catheter in combination with a signal reconstruction algorithm delivers plausible data. It offers the opportunity to evaluate urethral structures, especially the sphincter, in context of the correct location within the anatomical location of the pelvic floor. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:888–894, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Time‐Evolution of TATB‐Based Irreversible Thermal Expansion (Ratchet Growth)
Authors: Graff Thompson Darla , Schwarz Ricardo B. , Brown Geoff W. , DeLuca Racci 
Published: July 2015

AbstractTATB is an insensitive high explosive, attractive for use because of its safety aspects. TATB compactions, with or without binder, undergo irreversible volume expansion (or ratchet growth) upon thermal cycling. In the past, experimental elucidation of this phenomenon has focused on irreversible expansion as a function of the number of thermal excursions over a given temperature range, where growth is asymptotic with increasing cycle number. In this paper, we demonstrate that ratchet growth also occurs as a function of time at constant temperature, and that growth is substantial at elevated temperatures. We have measured strain response in PBX 9502, a TATB‐based composite, by performing thermal‐cycling tests with different durations at high temperature. Irreversible growth arises from the thermal ramps themselves (increasing and decreasing), as well as from the subsequent isotherms. PBX 9502 specimens with previously‐identified TATB texture/orientation were used in order to eliminate and/or evaluate texture as a variable. Measurements were also performed on dry‐pressed TATB (no binder) to confirm that expansion as a function of time (constant temperature) is not caused by the binder. A simple analysis of the time‐response data demonstrates consistency in the results. We propose that the primary driving force for irreversible expansion is the proximity of the current strain value (due to thermal history) to the strain saturation point of the current cycle (i.e. strain at infinite high‐temperature hold times or an infinite number of cycles). Such tests should aid in the understanding and modeling of ratchet growth response in these materials.
Cathodoluminescence study of optical properties along the growth direction of ZnO films on GaN substrate
Authors: Wang Jianyu , Harada Yoshitomo , Sumiya Masatomo , Shi Yi , Sekiguchi Takashi 
Published: July 2015

Abstractc‐plane ZnO films were eptiaxially grown on c‐GaN/sapphire substrate by MOCVD. Cathodoluminescence (CL) line scan was performed on the cross‐sectional ZnO/GaN films. These CL spectra shapes show a variation along the growth direction with a peak position shift, which can be divided into three stages. The study of the three stages reflects the growth mode alteration from the interface between ZnO and GaN to the surface. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Nanoscopic studies of 2D‐extended defects in silicon that cause shunting of Si‐solar cells
Authors: Naumann Volker , Lausch Dominik , Hähnel Angelika , Breitenstein Otwin , Hagendorf Christian 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPotential‐induced degradation (PID) can cause massive power losses in photovoltaic power plants with serially connected modules when high electrical potential between solar cells and the module front glass surface leads to shunting of Si solar cells. The shunting is reversible to a large extend through elevated temperatures and/or by application of reversed voltages. It was previously shown that PID‐related shunting (PID‐s) of the p‐n junction occurs due to Na‐decorated stacking faults in {111} planes. Defects at former PID‐shunt positions that have been thermally ‘healed' (recovered) do not show a Na decoration anymore.In this contribution we investigate stacking faults with Na decoration and with vanished Na decoration after thermal recovery. HAADF STEM imaging is used for principal investigation of the atomic structure of PID‐s defects. The Na decorated stacking fault appears as a dark region in the HAADF STEM image. By contrast, the atomic structure of the recovered stacking fault can be clearly imaged. The orientation of Si dumbbells indicates an extrinsic stacking fault that remains after recovery by Na out‐diffusion. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Nano‐scale pattern formation on the surface of HgCdTe produced by ion bombardment
Authors: Smirnov A. B. , Gudymenko A. I. , Kladko V. P. , Korchevyi A. A. , Savkina R. K. , Sizov F. F. , Udovitska R. S. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPresented in this work are the results concerning formation of nano‐scale patterns on the surface of a ternary compound Hg1–xCdxTe (x ∼ 0.223). Modification of this ternary chalcogenide semiconductor compound was performed using the method of oblique‐incidence ion bombardment with silver ions, which was followed by low‐temperature treatment. The energy and dose of implanted ions were 140 keV and 4.8×1013 cm‐2, respectively. Atomic force microscopy methods were used for the surface topography characterization. The structural properties of MCT‐based structure was analyzed using double and triple crystal X‐ray diffraction to monitor the disorder and strain of the implanted region as a function of processing conditions. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Improved stochastic physics schemes for global weather and climate models
Authors: Sanchez Claudio , Williams Keith D. , Collins Matthew 
Published: July 2015

The importance of probabilistic weather predictions and climate projections is growing. One of the key elements of the former is stochastic physics, schemes that perturb some uncertain processes in a general circulation model (GCM), such as physical parametrizations or diffusion. They help to increase the ensemble dispersion of ensemble prediction systems (EPS) and in some cases improve certain atmospheric processes by noise‐induced drifts. We have developed a new configuration of stochastic physics schemes for the Met Office Unified Model (MetUM). It consists of an improved Stochastic Kinetic Energy Backscatter v2 (SKEB2), plus the Stochastic Perturbation of Tendencies (SPT).The improvements to SKEB2 remove spurious physical artefacts, e.g. a spurious wave caused by low‐wave‐number perturbations, and improve the resolution sensitivity of the scheme. The SPT produces a larger ensemble spread in the Tropics than present schemes, but its impact on long‐term climate budgets makes the use of conservation constraints for water vapour and energy essential.The new configuration produces a higher impact in the Tropics, increasing the ensemble spread and improving some long‐standing climate biases in areas of excessive convection, whilst minimizing the negative impact on tropical processes like tropical convective waves.
Testing the water: detecting artificial water points using freely available satellite data and open source software
Authors: Owen Harry Jon Foord , Duncan Clare , Pettorelli Nathalie 
Published: July 2015

AbstractDeserts are among the most poorly understood biomes in the world, currently experiencing among the highest rates of environmental change and biodiversity loss. A major controlling factor on the ecology and distribution of vegetation and animal populations in these harsh arid systems is the abundance and distribution of water sources. Accordingly, extraction and redistribution of water at artificial water points across desert landscapes can constitute a real threat to local ecosystem dynamics. A major challenge in tackling this potential threat is identifying changes in the distribution of artificial water points through space and time, due to the difficulties of collecting such information at relevant spatial and temporal scales. We here investigate the potential for freely available satellite imagery to provide reliable information about the distribution of artificial water points using the Ouadi Rime‐Ouadi Achim Faunal Reserve (OROAFR), Chad, as a case study. We reveal that Landsat 8 data combined with texture analysis can accurately detect these artificial landmarks across the heterogeneous environment of OROAFR; 75.68% of artificial water points within the site were successfully identified and false positive detection rate was minimal at 7.69%. The methodological framework developed for this work, based on the treatment of freely available satellite data using open source software, adds to other works attempting to help monitor threats to biodiversity in desert ecosystems, enabling up‐to‐date information on the level of anthropogenic activities in these habitats to be easily and regularly collected.
Efficient verifiable data streaming
Authors: Kim Kee Sung , Jeong Ik Rae 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn 2012, D. Schr
der and H. Schr
der introduced verifiable data streaming (VDS) that enables a client to append, search, verify, and update the streamed data efficiently. After storing the data with a server, a client issues a query to receive a proof that the data of the client are still correctly stored. Anyone can check the validity of the proof publicly in VDS. However, the length of a secret of a client, the length of a proof, and the complexity of appending an element in the previous VDS schemes are O(logn), where n is the upper bound on the number of elements to be stored. In this paper, we suggest a more efficient VDS scheme. In our scheme, the length of a secret of a client is only O(1), and the length of a proof and the complexity of appending an element are O(logi), where i(≤n) is the index of an element. We also show that our scheme is secure under any collision‐resistant hash functions and unforgeable signature schemes without random oracles. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Attacks and improvements to chaotic map‐based RFID authentication protocol
Authors: Akgün Mete , Bayrak Ali Osman , Çaǧlayan Mehmet Ufuk 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBecause of its low cost and ease of deployment, radio frequency identification (RFID) technology offers great potential for all applications that require identification. Main obstacle for wide adoption of this technology is the concerns about its security and privacy issues. Many RFID authentication protocols have been proposed to provide desired security and privacy level for RFID systems. Recently, Benssalah et al. have proposed a chaotic map‐based RFID security protocol. In this paper, we analyze the security of this protocol and discover its vulnerabilities. We show that message generation arises some weaknesses, and this protocol is vulnerable to tracking, tag impersonation, and de‐synchronization attacks. The success probabilities of the proposed attacks are significant, and their complexities are polynomial. Furthermore, we propose an RFID authentication protocol. Our protocol utilizes the Chebyshev chaotic map hard problem and conforms to the EPCglobal Class 1 Generation 2 (EPC C1‐G2) standard. Our protocol eliminates the weaknesses of the protocol of Benssalah et al. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Novel Lanthanide(III) Ternary Complexes with Naphthoyltrifluoroacetone: A Synthetic and Spectroscopic Study
Authors: Trieu Thi‐Nguyet , Dinh Thi‐Hien , Nguyen Hung‐Huy , Abram Ulrich , Nguyen Minh‐Hai 
Published: July 2015

Abstract A series of lanthanide complexes with general formula [Ln(NTA)3X] were prapared [Ln = Y (a), Er (b), Eu (c), NTA = naphthoyltrifluoroacetone, X = H2O (1), phen = phenanthroline (2), bpyO1 = 2, 2′‐bipyridine N‐oxide (3), and bpyO2 = 2, 2′‐bipyridine‐N,N′‐dioxide (4)]. The crystal structures of [Eu(NTA)3bpyO2] (4b), [Er(NTA)3bpyO1] (3c), and [Er(NTA)3phen] (2c) were determined. X‐ray crystallographic analysis reveals that the complexes are of mononuclear structure with three NTA and one ancillary ligand. The photoluminescence spectra of 3c and 4b exhibit strong characteristic emissions arising from Eu3+ central ion due to the efficient sensitization of bpyO1 and bpyO2, respectively.
Xenopus LAP2β protein knockdown affects location of lamin B and nucleoporins and has effect on assembly of cell nucleus and cell viability
Authors: Dubińska-Magiera Magda , Chmielewska Magdalena , Kozioł Katarzyna , Machowska Magdalena , Hutchison Christopher J. , Goldberg Martin W. , Rzepecki Ryszard 
Published: July 2015

AbstractXenopus LAP2β protein is the single isoform expressed in XTC cells. The protein localizes on heterochromatin clusters both at the nuclear envelope and inside a cell nucleus. The majority of XLAP2β fraction neither colocalizes with TPX2 protein during interphase nor can be immunoprecipitated with XLAP2β antibody. Knockdown of the XLAP2β protein expression in XTC cells by synthetic siRNA and plasmid encoded siRNA resulted in nuclear abnormalities including changes in shape of nuclei, abnormal chromatin structure, loss of nuclear envelope, mislocalization of integral membrane proteins of INM such as lamin B2, mislocalization of nucleoporins, and cell death. Based on timing of cell death, we suggest mechanism associated with nucleus reassembly or with entry into mitosis. This confirms that Xenopus LAP2 protein is essential for the maintenance of cell nucleus integrity and the process of its reassembly after mitosis.
State and Personhood in Southeast Asia: The Promise and Potential for Law and Society Research
Authors: CHUA Lynette J. , ENGEL David M. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe diversity and pluralism of Southeast Asia make it an ideal subject for law and society researchers, but by and large they have not given the region the attention it deserves. In this article, we argue for a more intense and systematic linking of research about Southeast Asia and the field of law and society. We focus on the theme ofstate and personhoodto suggest how some of the central concerns of law and society may be relevant to Southeast Asian peoples and cultures. We illustrate our argument by selecting nine excellent articles by Southeast Asian scholars who do not currently identify their work with the law and society field, and we demonstrate that their research is rich with implications for the field. We welcome in particular the ways in which they have portrayed personhood as an ongoing construction and have highlighted its contingent relationship with the state. Building on these themes, we conclude the article with a plea for a more far-reaching engagement between Southeast Asian studies and law and society research.
Gambling with the State: Land Titles and Personhood Rights among the Urban Poor in Indonesia
Authors: MULYANI Lilis 
Published: July 2015

AbstractDue to the pressures of urbanization, the urban poor often find themselves trapped in illegal settlements and informal employment. As housing is not affordable and formal employment is inaccessible to them because of their lack of education and skills, they live a precarious existence with insecure land tenure and employment. Discriminated against by the state on the grounds of their illegal status, the urban poor are unable to establish their identity and personhood rights as urban citizens, and so cannot access basic rights such as health care and social security. This article is based on fieldwork in Surakarta in Indonesia which studied the impact of a land-titling programme in an area previously characterized by informal tenure. It finds that the legitimation provided by land titles had a significant impact upon the lives of the residents, enabling them to access other personhood rights.