bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and finite element analysis of ballistic properties of composite armor made of alumina, carbon and UHMWPE
Authors: Mutu Halil Burak , Özer Alaettin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe performance of multi‐layer ceramic/composite ballistic armor consisting of Alumina, Carbon fiber, and Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) under the impact of 7.62 × 51 M61 caliber armor‐piercing (AP) bullets was examined by experimental and finite element methods. The alumina ceramic thickness used in the experiments is 12 mm. The composite structure thickness used in all samples is 10 mm. Explicit dynamic analyses were also conducted using the Ls‐Dyna to verify the experimental studies. The analysis results were compared with experimental studies and evaluated by considering the damage status of the bullet and armor. According to ballistic test results, partial penetration was observed in all armor produced. The front ceramic layer caused corrosion of the bullet, and a mushrooming effect occurred on it. The carbon fiber layer has dramatically helped as an alternative or support to UHMWPE. Since the results obtained with the carbon fiber ratios used remain within the standards, it will not pose a problem regarding usage. On the contrary, using carbon fiber, which is relatively easier to produce and supply than UHMWPE and more economically suitable, will provide more significant benefits. Experimental and numerical studies have revealed consistent results for all armors.Highlights
The effect of a 7.62 × 51 armor‐piercing bullet on ceramic/composite armor was examined.
Carbon fiber and UHMWPE hybrid structure was created in different thicknesses.
The carbon fiber layer has dramatically helped as an alternative or support to UHMWPE.
Using carbon fiber, which is relatively easier to produce and supply than UHMWPE and is more economically suitable.
Experimental and numerical studies have revealed consistent results for all armors.
Association of Pharmacist Interventions With Adverse Drug Events and Potential Adverse Drug Events
Authors: Kelly W. N. , Ho M. J. , Smith T. , Bullers K. , Bates D. W. , Kumar A. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAdverse drug events (ADEs) are a frequent cause of injury in patients. Our aim was to assess whether pharmacist interventions compared with no pharmacist intervention results in reduced ADEs and potential adverse drug events (PADEs).MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, and two other databases through September 19, 2022 for any RCT assessing the effect of a pharmacist intervention compared with no pharmacist intervention and reporting on ADEs or PADEs. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool for RCTs. A random‐effects model was used to pool summary results from individual RCTs.ResultsFifteen RCTs met the inclusion criteria. The pooled results showed a statistically significant reduction in ADE associated with pharmacist intervention compared with no pharmacist intervention (RR = 0.86; [95% CI 0.80–0.94]; p = 0.0005) but not for PADEs (RR = 0.79; [95% CI 0.47–1.32]; p = 0.37). The heterogeneity was insignificant (I2 = 0%) for ADEs and substantial (I2 = 77%) for PADEs. Patients receiving a pharmacist intervention were 14% less likely for ADE than those who did not receive a pharmacist intervention. The estimated number of patients needed to prevent one ADE across all patient locations was 33.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first systematic review and meta‐analysis of RCTs seeking to understand the association of pharmacist interventions with ADEs and PADEs. The risk of having an ADE is reduced by a seventh for patients receiving a pharmacist care intervention versus no such intervention. The estimated number of patients needed to be followed across all patient locations to prevent one preventable ADE across all patient locations is 33.
Reliability of the ICD‐11 personality disorder severity ratings and diagnosis
Authors: Aydın‐Seyrek Tuğba , Gandur Tarık , Turgut Neslihan , Kunt Duygu Aslan , Dereboy Ferhan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe present study aimed to investigate the interrater reliability of the dichotomous and dimensional personality disorder (PD) diagnoses based on the overall severity assessment on a rating form consisting of 18 anchored items encompassing diagnostic requirements of the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD‐11). We also aimed to examine the extent of consistency within the diagnostic requirements grouped under the domains of self‐ and interpersonal functioning, specific manifestations of personality dysfunction, and distress and impairment in psychosocial functioning. Our data involved a total of 184 inter‐ratings of 46 consenting patients by the same set of four clinicians. The chance‐corrected agreement levels were estimated at intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.89 for the overall severity composite, ICC = 0.83 for the dimensional PD diagnosis and Fleiss' kappa = 0.77 for the dichotomous PD diagnosis. Internal consistency analysis of the overall severity composite and the domain composites revealed Cronbach's alpha coefficients approaching or exceeding 0.90 level. Our findings suggest that the diagnostic requirements listed in the ICD‐11 and related documents for the severity determination in PD compose an internally consistent set. With the guidance of a rating form comprised of anchored items covering this set, competency‐level clinicians are likely to perform reliable evaluations of the severity of personality disturbance, and dimensional and dichotomous PD diagnoses. The development of semi‐structured interviews that would further facilitate the task of inspecting and rating each diagnostic requirement reliably will possibly enhance the implementation of the ICD‐11 classification for PD around the world.
Optical emission characterization of an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge in nitrogen: Evolution of CN emissions during PTFE etching
Authors: Destrieux Alex , Caceres Ferreira Williams M. , Costantino Zachary , Profili Jacopo , Laroche Gaetan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe present work investigates the etching of coated polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films using an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge operating in nitrogen in a filamentary regime. For different treatment durations, the optical emission spectra were recorded over time. Most of the emissions are attributed to the N2 second positive system. The presence of CN is also observed, and its emissions rise with the exposure time of PTFE. This rise is attributed to the density of CN produced. The X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy surface characterization suggests two etching regimes. This is linked with a change in slope in the intensity evolution of the optical emissions of the CN. At longer times, a fluorinated deposit on the electrode is observed, confirming a different nature of the etched material.
A literature review of drug transport mechanisms during lactation
Authors: Gong Christine , Bertagnolli Lynn N. , Boulton David W. , Coppola Paola 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite the benefits of breastfeeding, lactating mothers who take prescribed medications may discontinue breastfeeding due to concerns associated with infant drug exposure in breastmilk. Consolidating the current knowledge of drug transport to breastmilk may inform understanding of the safety of medication use during lactation. This literature review summarizes the mechanisms of drug transport to breastmilk, details the physicochemical drug properties that may alter the extent of passive transport, and describes the expressional changes in mammary drug transporters that may affect active transport. During the period of 20 July 2023 to 11 August 2023, PubMed® was searched to identify journal articles pertinent to the mechanisms of drug transport from maternal plasma to breastmilk and the expression of mammary drug transporters during lactation. From the 28 studies included in this review, four mechanisms were identified for transporting drugs from maternal plasma to breastmilk: passive transport, active transport, lipid co‐transport, and transcytosis. The lactational expression of 20 drug transporters was further summarized, with 9 transporters demonstrating downregulated expression during lactation and 11 transporters demonstrating upregulated expression during lactation. Understanding the mechanisms of drug transport to breastmilk may aid in estimating infant drug exposure, developing physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models that describe drug transfer, and initiating clinical drug development programs in the lactating population.
Survival Analysis Without Sharing of Individual Patient Data by Using a Gaussian Copula
Authors: Bonofiglio Federico 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTCox regression and Kaplan–Meier estimations are often needed in clinical research and this requires access to individual patient data (IPD). However, IPD cannot always be shared because of privacy or proprietary restrictions, which complicates the making of such estimations. We propose a method that generates pseudodata replacing the IPD by only sharing non‐disclosive aggregates such as IPD marginal moments and a correlation matrix. Such aggregates are collected by a central computer and input as parameters to a Gaussian copula (GC) that generates the pseudodata. Survival inferences are computed on the pseudodata as if it were the IPD. Using practical examples we demonstrate the utility of the method, via the amount of IPD inferential content recoverable by the GC. We compare GC to a summary‐based meta‐analysis and an IPD bootstrap distributed across several centers. Other pseudodata approaches are also considered. In the empirical results, GC approximates the utility of the IPD bootstrap although it might yield more conservative inferences and it might have limitations in subgroup analyses. Overall, GC avoids many legal problems related to IPD privacy or property while enabling approximation of common IPD survival analyses otherwise difficult to conduct. Sharing more IPD aggregates than is currently practiced could facilitate “second purpose”‐research and relax concerns regarding IPD access.
Distribution‐free multivariate process monitoring: A rank‐energy statistic‐based approach
Authors: Chakraborty Niladri , Finkelstein Maxim 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a multivariate process monitoring scheme based on the rank‐energy statistics is proposed which is suitable for high‐dimensional applications such as sensorless drive diagnosis. The rank‐energy statistic is based on multivariate ranks that is grounded on the measure transportation theory. Univariate ranks could be interpreted as a solution to an optimisation problem involving a given set of observations of size and the set {}. Recently, attaining greater robustness than spatial sign or depth‐based ranks, multivariate ranks are proposed as solutions to such optimisation problem in multivariate settings (measure transportation problem). The proposed multivariate process monitoring scheme based on the rank‐energy statistic, subsequently, attains greater robustness than existing nonparametric multivariate process monitoring methods based on spatial sign or depth‐based ranks. The proposed method is also applicable to high‐dimensional data unlike some of the existing nonparametric multivariate process monitoring methods. A rigorous simulation study demonstrates its effective shift detection ability and other important features. A practical application of the proposed method is demonstrated with the sensorless drive diagnosis case study.
Effects of 2D hydrodynamic model resolution on habitat estimates for rearing Coho Salmon in contrasting channel forms
Authors: Smit Reuben B. , Goodman Damon H. , Boyce Josh , Som Nicholas A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEstimating the impacts of water allocation decisions on fish populations and habitat availability is an important part of environmental flow assessments, especially in locations where water resources are limited. Two‐dimensional hydrodynamic models (2DHMs) are commonly coupled with biological models to estimate fish habitat quality, area, and capacity across a range of proposed streamflows. Increasingly, resource managers are relying on landscape‐scale model domains with coarse model resolutions to maintain feasible computational loads, but this may affect habitat estimates if the mesh element size of the model exceeds the spatial scale relevant to the organism. We investigated how coarsening the resolution of a 2DHM influences the area and spatial distribution of estimated Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) fry habitats. We used an interpolation scheme that upscaled mesh elements from a high‐resolution (0.25 m2) 2DHM to quantify and visualize the effects of 2DHM resolution on estimates of Coho Salmon fry habitat for two contrasting channel morphologies and across a broad range of streamflows. Estimates of Coho Salmon fry habitat at increasingly coarser resolutions led to 20%–50% reductions in weighted usable habitat area (WUA) across several streamflow scenarios for a complex channel type, but did not impact estimates in a confined, flume‐like channel. Additionally, flow‐to‐habitat area relationships were not congruent at a given streamflow when resolution coarsened. Along with almost 500% more high‐quality habitat area estimated in the complex channel type over the confined, discrepancies in habitat area increased with higher flows in areas defined as optimal for rearing Coho Salmon fry. Considering that complex channel types contain critical habitat for Coho Salmon fry, this study suggests coarse 2DHM resolutions may exclude important wetted edge and off‐channel habitats from environmental flow assessments.
Are we on the same wavelength? Interdimensional signal set and crowdfunding success
Authors: Kulkarni Ankita , Tzabbar Daniel , Lo Jade Y. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResearch SummaryUsing data from 1899 Kickstarter campaigns (2009–2019), we examine the impact of simultaneous emission of interdimensional signals of human capital and social causes on crowdfunding campaign success. We argue and demonstrate that backers respond positively to human capital signals, as reflected by prior work and entrepreneurial experiences, as they communicate the competencies of the entrepreneurs. Conversely, signaling a high level of commitment to social causes communicates competing demands, thereby reducing entrepreneurs' ability to secure funding. Moreover, when emitted jointly, interaction of these two signals negatively affects campaign success. Our theory and findings provide nuanced insights regarding simultaneously emitted interdimensional signals in crowdfunding context with a structured incentive system, thereby increasing our understanding about the ambiguous nature of bundling human capital with high social cause signals.Managerial SummaryWhen evaluating new ventures in the public sphere, potential backers simultaneously process the complex information emitted by founders (i.e., signals). These signals communicate the unobservable qualities of the founders. In this article, we investigate the independent and joint effects of two signals on crowdfunding campaign outcomes: founder's human capital and their commitment to social causes. We show that while human capital increases campaign success, a high commitment to social cause decreases this likelihood. We further demonstrate that when these two signals are emitted simultaneously, balancing issues between the signals reduce the chances of attaining campaign success in crowdfunding. These findings emphasize the importance for crowdfunding founders and campaign designers to communicate coherent and well aligned signals to ensure campaign success.
Conjugation Linked PEDOT:PSS with Low Impedance and High Stretchability for Epidermal Electrophysiology
Authors: Tie Yuan , Li Yiming , Xiao Xixi , Li Weizhen , Zhao Yaru , Yang Ruhe , Wang Yi‐Xuan , Hu Wenping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLong‐term epidermal recording of bioelectricity is of paramount importance for personal health monitoring. It requires stretchable and dry film electrodes that can be seamlessly integrated with skin. The simultaneous achievement of high conductivity and skin‐like ductility of conducting materials is a prerequisite for reliable signal transduction at the dynamic interface, which is also the bottleneck of epidermal electrophysiology. Here, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are introduced as “conjugation linkers” into a topologically plasticized conducting polymer (PEDOT:PSS). A thin‐film electrode with high conductivity (≈3250 S cm−1) and high stretchability (crack‐onset strain>100%) is obtained. In particular, the conjugation linker enables the high volumetric capacitance and the low film resistance, both of which synergically reduce the interfacial impedance. The capabilities of this electrode is further demonstrated in the precise recording of various electrophysiological signals.
High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography–Based Standardization of Stigmasterol in Moringa oleifera: Method Development and Validation Through Design of Experiment Approach
Authors: Kunchanur Mahantesh , Mannur Vinodhkumar S. , Koli Rahul 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTThe primary objective of this investigation was to develop and validate a robust reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC) method for quantifying stigmasterol in both Moringa oleifera powder and tablets. The analysis was conducted using a Box–Behnken design. Stigmasterol separation was achieved with a Phenomenex Luna C‐18 column (4.6 × 150 mm2, 5 µm) and a mobile phase consisting of methanol and 0.1% formic acid in an 80:20% v/v ratio. The separation was performed at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and stigmasterol was detected at a wavelength of 210 nm using a photodiode array detector. Method validation followed the guidelines set forth by the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) Q2 (R1). This rigorous validation process evaluated critical parameters, including linearity, accuracy, system suitability, precision, and robustness. The results for each parameter were well within the acceptable range, confirming the reliability and efficacy of the established RP‐HPLC method. The findings of this study highlight the potential of the RP‐HPLC method as a dependable tool for the routine analysis of stigmasterol in herbal formulations.
Structure and Digestibility of Spray‐Dried Corn Starch: Influence of Post‐Treatments
Authors: Shang Jiaqi , Hu Zhiqing , Wang Peizhuang , Zhang Li , Zhou Jiang , Ren Lili 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResistant starch (RS) has being attracted attention due to its health benefits. In this study, combination of spray drying and post‐treatments is adopted to prepare post‐treated spray‐dried corn starch (PSDCS) with high content of RS. Effect of post‐treatment conditions on structural and digestive properties of the PSDCS is investigated. Relative humidity can alter the ordered structures of the PSDCSs due to changes in equilibrium moisture content. When fixing relative humidity at 33%, improvements in short‐range structure and long‐range crystalline structure of the PSDCS obtained at alternant temperature of 4/30 °C (12 h/12 h) are better than those of the PSDCSs obtained at other temperatures. The highest content of RS (29.97%) is found in the PSDCS obtained at 4/30 °C, which is approximately 3.3 times of native corn starch and 5.6 times of spray‐dried corn starch. These findings demonstrate feasibility of preparation of starch products with lower digestibility using spray drying combined with post‐treatments and lay the groundwork for the production and application of products with high content of RS.
Cut the CRAAP: Replacing vertical evaluation with lateral reading
Authors: Kamela Mary 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis chapter discusses the history of source evaluation methods within the ever‐changing field of information literacy, including a critical assessment of one popular approach, the CRAAP Test. The author then endorses an alternative approach, lateral reading, which encourages students to engage more deeply when evaluating digital resources in an online information environment. Strategies for incorporating lateral reading into higher‐education information literacy instruction are also included.
Digital literacy as an environmental ethics of information: A case study for the age of large language models
Authors: Bernhardt Laura M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis essay uses an example of a library instruction exercise in which otherwise competent online searching goes wrong as a springboard for reconceptualizing digital literacy as an environmental ethics of information. This reconceptualization is presented as a corrective measure for teachers and students grappling with the uses and misuses of AI tools and search technologies.
Fetal rhabdomyoma in a Thoroughbred filly
Authors: Rapezzano Giulia , Foote Alastair , Petrini Filippo , Pereira Regina , Marcatili Marco 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA newborn Thoroughbred filly presented with a large mass located on the ventro‐rostral aspect of the mandible. The mass was surgically removed under general anaesthesia. Upon gross examination, the mass was well circumscribed with a heterogeneous lobulated appearance. The results of histopathology and immunohistochemistry were consistent with a diagnosis of congenital fetal rhabdomyoma. On follow‐up at six months post‐surgical excision, no abnormalities were noted on clinical examination.
Acquired uretero‐jejunal fistula following surgical excision of a subcutaneous, metastatic mast cell tumour in a dog
Authors: Heathcote Natalie , Frezoulis Petros S. , Shimizu Naomi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn 8‐year‐old, female, neutered labrador retriever presented for surgical excision of a subcutaneous mast cell tumour and extirpation of the right inguinal and right medial iliac lymph nodes. Histology confirmed a completely excised, low mitotic count subcutaneous mast cell tumour with lymph node metastasis. Vinblastine and prednisolone were administered as adjunctive chemotherapy. Six weeks post‐operatively, the dog presented dehydrated, tachycardic and pyrexic, with haematochezia, vomiting and abdominal pain. Coeliotomy revealed a communication between the jejunum and the proximal right ureter, with no obvious aetiology identified. Right ureteronephrectomy was performed, with debridement and closure of the affected jejunum. Histopathology reported a subacute to chronic neutrophilic and necrohaemorrhagic pyelonephritis and haemolytic Escherichia coli, resistant to amoxicillin clavulanate, was cultured. The dog recovered and re‐started the chemotherapy protocol following restaging 2 months post‐operatively. Unfortunately, 7 weeks after starting this protocol, the patient developed acute necrotising pancreatitis following dietary indiscretion and was electively euthanased.
Surgical and medical complications following perineal urethrostomy in a goat
Authors: Angell Joseph W. , Duncan Jennifer S. , Hamer Kim 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPerineal urethrostomy was carried out in a Golden Guernsey goat to relieve urethral obstruction associated with urethral calculi. The surgery was successful, but post‐surgical complications developed, including haemorrhage and failure of the penile stump to heal. Revision surgeries were carried out with a successful surgical resolution. Bacterial cystitis subsequently developed, and Proteus spp. and Trueperella pyogenes were identified. Treatment of the bacterial cystitis proved challenging, and intense management was required. Survival post‐surgery was over 3.5 years.