bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Different Types of Glass Powders on the Corrosion and Wear Resistance of Peo Coatings Produced on 6061 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Pezzato Luca , Kostelac Lorena , Tonelli Lavinia , Elsayed Hamada , Kajánek Daniel , Bernardo Enrico , Martini Carla , Dabalà Manuele , Brunelli Katya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
6061 Aluminium alloy was treated with plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) in an alkaline silicate-base electrolyte. Recycled glass particles from consumer goods waste were added to the electrolyte in order to investigate the impact of these particles on corrosion and wear resistance of the alloy. A comparison of glass particles from different sources (liquid crystal display (LCD) glass, borosilicate (BS) glass, and soda-lime (SL) glass) has been made. Also, the effect of different current modes, direct (D) and pulsed (P), on glass incorporation and the coatings morphology was studied. The microstructure and thickness of the produced coatings were studied through SEM–EDS analysis and XRD. The wear resistance was evaluated by dry sliding tests vs AISI 52100 bearing steel (block-on-ring contact geometry). The corrosion behavior was analyzed by potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and localized electrochemical characteristics were determined by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). The results evidenced that the addition of glass improved the corrosion resistance of the samples due to the sealing effect on the typical pores of the PEO layer. In detail samples filled with glass particles show from EIS tests polarization resistances up to one order of magnitude higher than the untreated sample in the case of direct current mode and up to two order of magnitude higher in the case of pulsed current mode. The effect on wear resistance is instead strictly related to the type of glass as, if compared to the base PEO layer, it is improved only by selected additives with the more promising results obtained with the LCD glass in direct current mode that produce a decrease of the wear depth of around one order of magnitude in comparison with the sample PEO treated without glass addition. Globally the more promising type of glass particles, both in term of improvement of the wear and of the corrosion properties, seem to be the LCD glass particles. This fact was related to the particular chemical composition of this type of glass and in particular with the alkali-free composition of the glass.

Graphical Abstract
Supporting Indigenous success through quality supervision in research degrees
Authors: Pham Thu D. , Blue Levon E. , Anderson Peter J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSupervision plays an integral role in the success of higher degree by research (HDR) students. A vital component of a successful research degree is quality supervision. In this paper, we explore supervisors’ understanding of Indigenous HDR students’ expectations and compare them with Indigenous HDR students’ expectations of their supervisors. This study is part of a larger study which included six phases of data collection, however, this paper focuses mainly on phase five of the study and at times refers to phase four. In phase five, we surveyed 33 supervisors across Australia who have experience supervising Indigenous HDR students. We also refer to phase four which included 32 Indigenous HDR students. To analyse the data, we conducted a thematic analysis using NVivo software. We found that supervisors need to be more supportive of Indigenous HDR students’ work and provide opportunities for students to succeed through the completion of their research degree. Our findings demonstrate that supervisors may understand Indigenous HDR students’ expectations of quality supervision; however, there are other expectations that were not accounted for, such as discussion of working styles and clear expectations from the beginning of a supervisor-student relationship, supervisors’ practices of cultural safety and awareness, and access to research training for Indigenous HDR students. The implications from this research include strengthening supervision strategies and fostering mutually-respectful supervisor-student relationships.
Enhanced performance of polyvinylidene fluoride with triethanolamine and polyethylene glycol ultrafiltration membrane for textile wastewater treatment
Authors: Elnagar E. R. , Hamdy G. , Abdallah H. , Ali S. S. , Taher F. A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPollution resulting from textile industries wastewater, affects aquatic life, groundwater, crops, and human life. Hence, using membrane-based filtration technology to treat produced water opens new avenues for water recovery. In this work, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes with triethanolamine (TEA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were synthesized and tested as ultrafiltration (UF) materials for textile wastewater removal. PVDF UF membranes were synthesized by phase inversion method with different additives ratios (0, 1:0,1:1, 2:1, 2:2 of M0, M1, M2, M3, M4, respectively) of TEA and PEG. The PVDF UF membrane’s performance (water flus and dye rejection) was evaluated by synthetic disperse dyes and real textile industrial wastewater. The physical and chemical structure of PVDF UF membranes was investigated using FTIR, SEM, elongation, tensile strength, porosity, water uptake rate (WUR) and water contact angle (WCA) techniques. In comparison to virgin membrane (M0), the M2 UF membrane exhibited higher than 97.3% dye rejection for both disperse dyes removal with flux of 100 LMH due to the formation of dense sponge pores in the top layer with microvoid near the bottom, leading to high rejection with reasonable flux and cost-effective procedures. While for real textile industrial wastewater, M2 showed a good rejection of 90.4% and flux of 53.1 LMH due to other complications of suspended solids, organic aggregates, salts, etc. real sample. In the same line, this optimum M2 UF membrane demonstrated tensile strength of 8.6 MPa, porosity of 30.8%, WUR of 57.5%, and WCA of 78. Eventually, the prepared membranes have high dye removal efficiency and the treated water can be directly reused within the same textile industry in scouring and finishing processes, washing tanks, cooling towers, washing earth, and planting nonedible plants.
Graphical abstract
Mapping Structural Break and Sectoral Movement on Female Employment in India Since 1991
Authors: Mishra Surbhi , Sahoo Dukhabandhu , Mohapatra Souryabrata 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe new economic regime in India has had a cascading impact on resource allocation and the redistribution of employment. Previous research has examined the general effects of economic shifts but lacks an exhaustive analysis of its impact on sector-specific female labour force participation (FLFP). This paper analyses structural breaks in sectoral FLFP in India using yearly data from 1991 to 2022, exploring the dynamic relationship among gross domestic product (GDP) contribution, education and FLFP across sectors and analysing inter-sectoral female labour movement. Results reveal that females engaged in the agriculture sector in India witnessed the highest structural breaks compared to other sectors. New economic reform of 1991, government policies, urbanisation and mechanisation, could be attributed to these breaks. Further, results revealed sectoral contribution to GDP and female education as an important determinant of FLFP. Along with this, the results of the Impulse Response Function show a significant shift in FLFP from agriculture to services. However, Variance Decomposition has provided evidence that the agriculture sector remains a fallback option for women in India. Based on these findings, the paper suggests that policymakers should promote higher education among women to enhance FLFP in the service sector. Furthermore, the study proposes strategies to attract and retain FLFP in the industrial sector, thereby alleviating labour pressures in agriculture.
Expedited access to β-lactams via a telescoped three-component Staudinger reaction in flow
Authors: Minuto Federica , Basso Andrea , Baumann Marcus 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Staudinger reaction is widely used for the generation of β-lactams via the thermal cycloaddition of imines with ketenes. Traditionally, it cannot be performed as a multicomponent reaction between aldehydes, amines and ketenes, thus limiting its versatility. Recently we reported for the first time a three-component Staudinger reaction in batch, exploiting a photochemical Wolff rearrangement of diazoketones and an in situ generation of the imine. Here we report an expedited continuous flow approach that generates the crucial ketene intermediate prior to its telescoped reaction with an imine component at ambient temperatures. The imine is prepared by an in situ dehydration between amines and aldehydes in a packed bed reactor containing basic alumina as drying agent. The resulting telescoped flow approach features a fast dehydration reaction (tRes ca. 3 min) as well as an efficient Wolff rearrangement using LEDs (420 nm) to afford the desired β-lactam products in less than 30 min which compares favorably with reaction times of several days in batch mode. Flow processing thereby affords a safe and streamlined entry to these important targets and allows their effective generation on gram scale. Moreover, this approach exploits several homogeneous and heterogeneous transformations under mild conditions that generate water and nitrogen gas as the only by-products.
Graphical abstract
Text messaging to improve retention in hypertension care in Bangladesh
Authors: Jubayer Shamim , Akhtar Jubaida , Abrar Ahmad Khairul , Sayem Md. Noor Nabi , Islam Shahinul , Amin Khondoker Ehsanul , Nahid Muhtamim Fuwad , Bhuiyan Mahfuzur Rahman , Al Mamun Mohammad Abdullah , Alim Abdul , Amin Mohammad Robed , Burka Daniel , Gupta Prabhanshu , Zhao Di , Matsushita Kunihiro , Moran Andrew E. , Choudhury Sohel Reza , Gupta Reena 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVisit non-attendance is a common barrier to hypertension control in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of mobile text messaging in improving visit attendance among patients with hypertension in primary healthcare facilities in Bangladesh. A randomized A/B testing study was conducted with two patient groups: (1) patients regularly attending visits (regular patients) and (2) patients overdue for their follow-up clinic visit (overdue patients). Regular patients were randomized into three groups: a cascade of three text reminders, a single text reminder, or no text reminder. Overdue patients were randomized into two groups: a single text reminder or no text reminder. 20,072 regular patients and 12,708 overdue patients were enrolled. Among regular patients, visit attendance was significantly higher in the cascade reminder group and the single reminder group compared to the no reminder group (78.2% and 76.6% vs. 74.8%, p < 0.001 and 0.027, respectively). Among overdue patients, the single reminder group had a 5.8% higher visit attendance compared to the no reminder group (26.5% vs. 20.7%, p < 0.001). The results remained consistent in multivariable analysis; adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) was 1.04 (95% CI 1.02–1.06) for the cascade reminder group and 1.02 (95% CI 1.00–1.05) for the single reminder group among regular patients. The adjusted PR for the single reminder group vs. the no reminder group among overdue patients was 1.23 (95% CI 1.15–1.33). Text message reminders are an effective strategy for improving retention of patients in hypertension treatment in LMICs, especially for patients overdue to care.
Surgical necrotizing enterocolitis risk factors in extremely preterm infants: a Korean nationwide cohort study
Authors: Kim Seung Hyun , Son Joonhyuk , Park Hyun-Kyung 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is significantly associated with gestational age (GA). This study aimed to investigate risk factors for surgically treated NEC (sNEC) in extremely preterm infants (EPIs) using nationwide cohort registry.

Methods
Data were collected from 16,338 very-low-birth-weight infants registered in the Korean neonatal network. Clinical data of 5310 EPIs were retrospectively analyzed. sNEC was defined as infants with diagnosis of NEC requiring surgical treatment, who underwent surgical intervention for NEC or died before surgery. Infants were categorized into three groups based on their NEC status: infants without NEC (control), medically treated NEC (mNEC), and sNEC. These groups were matched based on GA to investigate risk factors for NEC.

Results
In EPIs, small for gestational age (SGA; odds ratio 1.68, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17–2.36, p = 0.004), hypotension (1.49, 1.18–1.89, p = 0.001), and IVH (1.63, 1.30–2.05, p < 0.001) were identified as risk factors for sNEC. Complete administration of antenatal steroid reduced the risk of sNEC (0.80, 0.64–0.99, p = 0.044).

Conclusion
Our study demonstrated that EPIs who are SGA, and experience hypotension and IVH may be at an increased risk of developing NEC requiring surgery. These groups require close attention and monitoring for any signs of surgical indications of NEC.

Impact

This nationwide cohort study aimed to identify characteristics of infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) among extremely preterm infants (EPIs) and analyze the risk factors associated with NEC requiring surgical intervention.

Small for gestational age (SGA), hypotension, and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) were identified as significant risk factors for surgically treated NEC (sNEC) in EPIs. The administration of antenatal steroids decreases the risk of sNEC.

Close attention and monitoring for EPIs with early identifiable risk factors such as SGA, hypotension, and IVH should be considered to prevent and detect sNEC early, ultimately leading to improved long-term outcomes.
Examining the role of personality functioning in a hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology using two years of ambulatory assessed data
Authors: Kerber André , Ehrenthal Johannes C. , Zimmermann Johannes , Remmers Carina , Nolte Tobias , Wendt Leon P. , Heim Phileas , Müller Sascha , Beintner Ina , Knaevelsrud Christine 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) arranges phenotypes of mental disorders based on empirical covariation, ranging from narrowly defined symptoms to higher-order spectra of psychopathology. Since the introduction of personality functioning (PF) in DSM-5 and ICD-11, several studies have identified PF as a predictor of transdiagnostic aspects of psychopathology. However, the role of PF in the HiTOP classification system has not been systematically examined. This study investigates how PF can be integrated into HiTOP, whether PF accounts for transdiagnostic variance captured in higher-order spectra, and how its predictive value for future affective well-being (AWB) and psychosocial impairment (PSI) compares to the predictive value of specific psychopathology beyond PF. To this end, we examined two years of ambulatory assessed data on psychopathology, PF, PSI, and AWB of N = 27,173 users of a mental health app. Results of bass-ackwards analyses largely aligned with the current HiTOP working model. Using bifactor modeling, aspects of PF were identified to capture most of the internalizing, thought disorder, and externalizing higher-order factor variance. In longitudinal prediction analyses employing bifactor-(S-1) modeling, PF explained 58.6% and 30.6% of variance in PSI and AWB when assessed across one year, respectively, and 33.1% and 23.2% of variance when assessed across two years. Results indicate that personality functioning may largely account for transdiagnostic variance captured in the higher-order components in HiTOP as well as longitudinal outcomes of PSI and AWB. Clinicians and their patients may benefit from assessing PF aspects such as identity problems or internal relationship models in a broad range of mental disorders. Further, incorporating measures of PF may advance research in biological psychiatry by providing empirically sound phenotypes.
Applications of OPM-MEG for translational neuroscience: a perspective
Authors: Brickwedde Marion , Anders Paul , Kühn Andrea A. , Lofredi Roxanne , Holtkamp Martin , Kaindl Angela M. , Grent-‘t-Jong Tineke , Krüger Peter , Sander Tilmann , Uhlhaas Peter J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMagnetoencephalography (MEG) allows the non-invasive measurement of brain activity at millisecond precision combined with localization of the underlying generators. So far, MEG-systems consisted of superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDS), which suffer from several limitations. Recent technological advances, however, have enabled the development of novel MEG-systems based on optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs), offering several advantages over conventional SQUID-MEG systems. Considering potential improvements in the measurement of neuronal signals as well as reduced operating costs, the application of OPM-MEG systems for clinical neuroscience and diagnostic settings is highly promising. Here we provide an overview of the current state-of-the art of OPM-MEG and its unique potential for translational neuroscience. First, we discuss the technological features of OPMs and benchmark OPM-MEG against SQUID-MEG and electroencephalography (EEG), followed by a summary of pioneering studies of OPMs in healthy populations. Key applications of OPM-MEG for the investigation of psychiatric and neurological conditions are then reviewed. Specifically, we suggest novel applications of OPM-MEG for the identification of biomarkers and circuit deficits in schizophrenia, dementias, movement disorders, epilepsy, and neurodevelopmental syndromes (autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). Finally, we give an outlook of OPM-MEG for translational neuroscience with a focus on remaining methodological and technical challenges.
Interfacial assessment of cention forte vs. equia forte and two forms of calcium silicate cements at two time intervals
Authors: Abdelkafy Heba , Salem Nada A. , Marzouk Rasha Mohamed , Eldehna Alaa M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Aim
Assessment of interfacial gaps and mechanical impact of the materials layering between Cention Forte and Equia Forte restorations with two forms of Calcium Silicate Cements (CSCs) at the interfacial surface at two-time intervals.

Methodology
Six groups of 72 primary molars were categorized by restorative material type and CSCs: Cention Forte(C), Cention Forte without primer (Cx), and Equia Forte (EQ). All were applied over MTA Angelus powder (M) or Bio-C Repair putty (P). Restorative materials were applied immediately (subgroup A) or delayed (Subgroup B). SEM was used to detect interface gaps. EDX measured element migration from the interface at specific distances. Vickers Microhardness Tester assessed microhardness.

Results
Regarding SEM, there were no gaps between CSCs interfaces of both types (Powder and Putty) with all restorations at two-time intervals. Microhardness, there was a statistically nonsignificant difference between subgroups A & B in all groups except at 200 µm in the Cention groups (subgroup A) was significantly lower than (subgroup B) (P = 0.002, 0.03) respectively. At 400 µm in the MTA Angelus powder Group Cx, subgroup A was significantly higher than subgroup B (P = 0.003*). While Bio-C Repair putty in Group EQ (subgroup A) was significantly higher than (Subgroup B) (P < 0.0001*).

Conclusions
The delayed application of Cention Forte over two types of CSCs is useful in getting the maximum HV and, in turn, the long survival rate of the filling. Immediate application of Cention Forte without primer is better over both types of CSCs. The delayed application of Equia Forte over MTA angelus powder is more considerable.
MCM2-7 loading-dependent ORC release ensures genome-wide origin licensing
Authors: Reuter L. Maximilian , Khadayate Sanjay P. , Mossler Audrey , Liebl Korbinian , Faull Sarah V. , Karimi Mohammad M. , Speck Christian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOrigin recognition complex (ORC)-dependent loading of the replicative helicase MCM2-7 onto replication origins in G1-phase forms the basis of replication fork establishment in S-phase. However, how ORC and MCM2-7 facilitate genome-wide DNA licensing is not fully understood. Mapping the molecular footprints of budding yeast ORC and MCM2-7 genome-wide, we discovered that MCM2-7 loading is associated with ORC release from origins and redistribution to non-origin sites. Our bioinformatic analysis revealed that origins are compact units, where a single MCM2-7 double hexamer blocks repetitive loading through steric ORC binding site occlusion. Analyses of A-elements and an improved B2-element consensus motif uncovered that DNA shape, DNA flexibility, and the correct, face-to-face spacing of the two DNA elements are hallmarks of ORC-binding and efficient helicase loading sites. Thus, our work identified fundamental principles for MCM2-7 helicase loading that explain how origin licensing is realised across the genome.
Proximity-driven site-specific cyclization of phage-displayed peptides
Authors: Brown Libby , Vidal Aldrin V. , Dias Ana Laura , Rodrigues Tiago , Sigurdardottir Anna , Journeaux Toby , O’Brien Siobhan , Murray Thomas V. , Ravn Peter , Papworth Monika , Bernardes Gonçalo J. L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCyclization provides a general strategy for improving the proteolytic stability, cell membrane permeability and target binding affinity of peptides. Insertion of a stable, non-reducible linker into a disulphide bond is a commonly used approach for cyclizing phage-displayed peptides. However, among the vast collection of cysteine reactive linkers available, few provide the selectivity required to target specific cysteine residues within the peptide in the phage display system, whilst sparing those on the phage capsid. Here, we report the development of a cyclopropenone-based proximity-driven chemical linker that can efficiently cyclize synthetic peptides and peptides fused to a phage-coat protein, and cyclize phage-displayed peptides in a site-specific manner, with no disruption to phage infectivity. Our cyclization strategy enables the construction of stable, highly diverse phage display libraries. These libraries can be used for the selection of high-affinity cyclic peptide binders, as exemplified through model selections on streptavidin and the therapeutic target αvβ3.
Improving the air stability of flexible top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Riahi Mina , Yoshida Kou , Samuel Ifor D. W. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFlexible organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are promising light sources for biomedical applications. However, the use of these flexible devices has been restricted by their short shelf lifetimes due to poor ambient stability. Here, the fabrication of a long-lived flexible OLED is reported by replacing air-sensitive metals such as aluminum, and alkali metals used as n dopants, with silver. In addition, to achieve stable and efficient flexible OLEDs we tuned the optical cavity length to the second-order interference maximum. The device design has simple encapsulation and leads to an improvement in the air stability of flexible OLEDs which show a shelf lifetime of greater than 130 days whereas the conventional structure exhibits degradation after only 12 days. The proposed design for making flexible OLEDs demonstrates a great potential for using the devices for wearable bioelectronic applications.