bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Under One Roof: A Study of Simultaneously Managed Hedge Funds and Funds of Hedge Funds
Authors: Agarwal Vikas , Lu Yan , Ray Sugata 
Published: June 2015

We examine the simultaneous management of hedge funds and funds of hedge funds. Hedge fund firms can choose to simultaneously offer a fund of hedge funds. Similarly, fund of hedge funds firms can simultaneously offer a hedge fund. We find that although superior past performance and larger size drive the decision to become simultaneous for hedge fund firms, past flows drive the decision for fund of hedge funds firms. The effects of simultaneity are also different. When hedge fund firms start funds of hedge funds, we find evidence of value creation, driven by better management of economies of scale and cross learning. In contrast, fund of hedge funds firms starting hedge funds destroy value due to expansion beyond core competencies and agency problems. We find that firms learn about their competencies in the two business lines and discontinue underperforming simultaneity arrangements to focus on the business where they perform better. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
New generation of phosphate fertilizer from bones, produced by bacteria
Authors: Wyciszkiewicz Małgorzata , Saeid Agnieszka , Górecki Henryk , Chojnacka Katarzyna 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In this article, the phytotoxicity of biofertilizer produced from bones and its utilitarian properties are presented. Biofertilizer was obtained from bones in a solubilization process of phosphates conducted by bacteria Bacillus megaterium. Two in vivo tests were used for examination of the utilitarian properties of the biofertilizer: a hydroponic and a germination test.
The experiment was performed using three groups of plants and four replications: group 1 − not treated (control 1), group 2 − with a conventional fertilizer (control 2), and group 3 – with the biofertilizer (experimental group).
In the hydroponic tests, the best growth parameters were found for the samples where the biofertilizer was applied. The greater dry mass of plants was observed for plants collected from this group compared to the control 1 group and the group where the commercial fertilizer were used. In the case of the plant length and the intensity of green color, statistically significant differences were found.
The utilitarian properties of the biofertilizer, evaluated from a germination test, were similar to those of the classical fertilizer. Statistically significant differences were found between the mass and intensity of green color of the experimental group (with the biofertilizer) and the control 1 group.
Non-Tariff Measures When Alternative Regulatory Tools Can Be Chosen
Authors: Marette Stéphan 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This paper analyzes whether or not different non-tariff measures (NTM) like a standard or a mandatory label can be considered as protectionist in presence of market imperfections. From a welfare-based approach, protectionism occurs when the instrument maximizing domestic welfare is different from the alternative instrument maximizing international welfare inclusive of foreign profits. A framework taking into account different tools shows the complexity for characterizing protectionism related to different NTM. When the standard impacts variable costs, the mandatory label can be protectionist. When the standard impacts sunk costs, the standard can be protectionist. The framework is also useful for empirically characterizing the impact of NTM related to a specific product. An application to shrimp trade illustrates the feasibility of the welfare measure, for an ex ante evaluation of possible environmental regulations that could be implemented in the future. This application confirms that the tool maximizing domestic welfare does not systematically correspond to the tool maximizing international welfare.
Characteristic and mechanism of Th4+ sorption from nitric acid solutions by rice and wheat bran
Authors: Boveiri Monji Akbar , Ghoulipour Vanik , Mallah Mohammad Hassan 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In line with our previously conducted researches, various instrumental methods were applied to evaluate the adsorption features and
mechanism of Th4+ from highly acidic solution (4 M HNO3) by rice and wheat bran. Although the results of
cation exchange confirmed the existence of ion-exchange interaction in Th4+ adsorption, it had a trivial contribution in the
biosorption process. The presence of Th4+ ions on the biomass surface was obviously revealed in SEM images and EDS elemental
analysis. Moreover, the linkage of C=O, O–H and N–H functional groups on the biomass surface with
Th4+ ions was clearly represented in the ATR-FTIR spectroscopic analysis. Additionally, desorption studies indicated that
ammonium oxalate (>81.3%) and ammonium carbonate (>75.4%) were effective in desorbing Th4+ from the
biomass surface due to strong interactions of hard functional groups of C=O with Th4+. The overall observations
unfold the fact that electrostatic complexation mechanism is dominant between biomass and Th4+ ions.
The interplay between agency and constraint: some departures from the organization of talk in the classroom
Authors: Kapellidi Charikleia 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSince the first description of classroom talk from a conversation analytic perspective, the field has significantly expanded, providing a comprehensive account of the system that operates in the specific setting. However, apart from the system that defines the boundaries of the participants’ permissible conduct, the departures from it have received little attention, forming a vague picture of the parties’ opportunities for deviant behavior. The present paper explores exactly this aspect, illuminating the other side of the coin. In particular, students’ departures from the canonical pattern are examined and a broad classification of them (institutionally oriented versus institution-threatening departures) is proposed. The analysis demonstrates the import of those departures and the way they contribute to students’ exercise of agency.
Synthesis, anti-HIV activity and molecular modeling study of 3-aryl-6-adamantylmethyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole derivatives
Authors: Khan Mahmood-ul-Hassan , Hameed Shahid , Farman Muhammad , Al-Masoudi Najim A. , Stoeckli-Evans Helen 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
A series of novel 3-aryl-6-adamantylmethyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles 6a–l were synthesized by a simple method with the aim of developing novel HIV non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. All the synthesized compounds were structurally confirmed by spectral analyses. The structure of 6a was unambiguously verified by X-ray structure determination. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anti-HIV activity and four analogs displayed moderate inhibitory activity with EC50 values ranging from 10.10 to 12.40 μg mL–1. Molecular docking of 6g with HIV-1 reverse transcriptase was studied to rationalize some structure-activity relationships (SARs).
LINEAMIENTOS PARA EL DESARROLLO DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN EN LA FACULTAD DE COMUNICACIÓN SOCIAL DE LA UNIVERSIDAD SANTO TOMÁS
Authors: Almeida Carlos Enrique Rondón 
Published: June 2015

<p>El desarrollo investigativo como estrategia para el mejoramiento de la calidad de la educación superior ha permitido cada vez más pensar su articulación coherente con el proyecto educativo, los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje y la proyección social, funciones sustantivas de tal educación. El presente documento recoge por lo tanto una síntesis de los principios rectores de la investigación en la Universidad, en los que la Facultad de Comunicación Social para la Paz se ve plenamente identificada, ampliando a continuación los elementos a través de los cuales se desarrolla y desarrollará la investigación en la Facultad en sus dos componentes: la investigación formativa y la investigación en sentido estricto. El principio de articular procesos investigativos entre facultades y con otras instituciones nos invita a poner en conocimiento de la comunidad académica este proceso, con el fin de hacer visibles los puntos de contacto que permitan desarrollar las redes necesarias en torno a la investigación.</p>
El papel de la educación en situaciones de posconflicto: estrategias y recomendaciones
Authors: Infante Márquez Armando 
Published: June 2015

En este artículo se analizaron las experiencias de posconflicto en tres países: Bosnia y Herzegovina, El Salvador y Sierra Leona, con el fin de extraer algunas enseñanzas que puedan ser útiles para el caso de Colombia, que en este momento se encuentra en conversaciones con la guerrilla para ponerle fin al conflicto armado. También se quiere mostrar el papel tan importante que desempeña la educación en la reconstrucción posconflicto, ya que provee protección física, psicosocial y cognitiva. Además, se estudiaron algunas estrategias a corto y largo plazo, con el fin de poderlas combinar de una manera razonable para lograr el desarrollo social, político y económico del país.
First records of two lobate comb-jellies (Ctenophora) from the Pakistani coast
Authors: Gul Shahnawaz , Oliveira Otto Müller Patrão de 
Published: June 2015

The knowledge on the comb-jellies faunistics along the southern Asian coast is very scarce. For some countries such as Pakistan there are no previous formal records of ctenophores. This study is a first survey to the group diversity along Pakistani coast, resulting in the first records of two lobate species, Bolinopsis infundibulum and Ocyropsis maculata.
“Since Feeling is First”: Exploring the Affective Dimension of Teacher Licensure Exams
Authors: Petchauer Emery , Baker-Doyle Kira J. , Mawhinney Lynnette , CiarKowski Brian 
Published: June 2015

<p class="normal">Teacher licensure exams directly shape the racial demographics of the teaching profession. This is particularly the case for “basic skills” exams that are program entrance requirements in the United States and expanding into other countries. This qualitative study explored an important yet overlooked dimension of these exams for test takers: emotional and affective states. Specifically, we were interested in the affective dimension of the test-taking event. Our findings reveal a number of positive and negative affective states that both African American and White preservice teachers experience during the exam and the processes of appraisal that produce these states. Our findings also highlight the importance of preparation activities prior the exam to help alleviate negative affective states during the exam. </p>
New Mathematical Models for Calculating Proppant Embedment and Fracture Conductivity
Authors: Li Kewen , Gao Yuanping , Lyu Youchang , Wang Man 
Published: June 2015

SummaryProppant embedment plays a significant role in decreasing fracture aperture and conductivity, especially for weakly consolidated sandstones, shale (oil and gas) rock, and coalbeds. Empirical and semiempirical models were usually used to calculate the embedment of proppants. However, the accuracy of matching or predicting the proppant embedment with these existing models may not be satisfactory in some cases. On the other hand, it is difficult to determine the coefficients of these models. In this study, analytical models were derived to compute proppant embedment and fracture conductivity.One can use these new models to calculate the proppant embedment, proppant deformation, the change in fracture aperture, and fracture conductivity in the ideal or experimental situations of either single-layer or multilayer patterns in the fractures under closure pressures. The new models showed that the proppant embedment and fracture conductivity are affected by the factors, for example, of closure pressure, fracture aperture, the elastic modulus of proppant and coalbed, the size of proppant, and the concentration of proppant-paving.Experimental data of proppant embedment in fractures and fracture conductivity of different proppants at different closure pressures were used to test the models derived in this study. The results from matching the experimental data with the new and the existing models were compared. The results showed that the new models, especially the revised new models, could match the experimental data in all the cases studied. The new models for calculating the proppant embedment and fracture conductivity with a better accuracy are of great significance in selecting proppants, which is helpful to achieve high fracture conductivity and then high oil or gas production of conventional and (especially) unconventional resources such as shale oil, shale gas, and coalbed methane.
A New Method To Interpret Fracturing Pressure—Application to Frac Pack
Authors: Pirayesh Elias , Soliman Mohamed Y. , Rafiee Mehdi , Jamali Ali 
Published: June 2015

Summary
Real-time analysis of fracturing data is an invaluable tool for determining whether a fracturing job is progressing as planned. Since early days, understanding of fracturing pressure was emphasized and practiced by the industry. The most well-known fracturing-pressure-analysis tool is the Nolte-Smith technique. To predict the geometry of a hydraulically induced fracture, the Nolte-Smith technique analyzes the pressure response of a formation during pumping. Extensive application of this technique has proved reliable to interpret fracturing events. However, the compression of data imposed by logarithmic scale may make the detection of some events difficult. In addition, the Nolte-Smith technique necessitates prior accurate knowledge of formation-closure pressure.
In this paper, we present a real-time fracturing diagnostic. This method, which is based on a modification of the Nolte-Smith technique, has proved reliable in the interpretation of fracturing behavior while a fracturing job is being carried out. In addition, it eliminates the shortcomings of the original technique, meaning that while making the interpretation of fracturing pressure faster, the new technique does not require prior knowledge of formation in-situ stresses. This technique was reached by a new innovative moving-reference-point concept assembled with the power-law fracture-propagation theory. Application of the new technique in the analysis of a variety of field cases, including several frac-pack and regular fracturing treatments, proved successful.
Frontal-Stability Analysis of Surfactant Floods
Authors: Tavassoli Shayan , Pope Gary A. , Sepehrnoori Kamy 
Published: June 2015

Summary
Recent surfactant-flooding experiments have shown that very-efficient oil recovery can be obtained without mobility control when the surfactant solution is injected at less than the critical velocity required for a gravity-stable displacement. The purpose of this study was to develop a method to predict the stability of surfactant floods at the reservoir scale on the basis of gravity-stable surfactant-flooding experiments at the laboratory scale. The scaleup process involves calculation of the appropriate average frontal velocity for the reservoir flood. The frontal velocity depends on the well configuration. We have performed systematic numerical simulations to study the effect of key scaling groups on the performance of gravity-stable surfactant floods. We simulated 3D heterogeneous reservoirs by use of a fine grid and a third-order finite-difference method to ensure numerical accuracy. These simulations have provided new insight into the behavior of gravity-stable surfactant floods, and in particular the importance of the microemulsion properties. The capability to predict when and under what reservoir conditions a gravity-stable surfactant flood can be performed at a reasonable velocity is highly significant. When a surfactant flood can be performed without polymer (or foam) for mobility control, cost and complexity are significantly reduced. Advantages are especially significant when the reservoir temperature is high and the use of polymer becomes increasingly difficult. Our simulations show that gravity-stable surfactant floods can be very efficient using horizontal wells in reservoirs with high vertical permeability.
Systematic Study of Barite Nucleation and Inhibition With Various Polymeric Scale Inhibitors by Novel Laser Apparatus
Authors: Yan Chao , Kan Amy T. , Zhang Fangfu , Liu Ya , Tomson Ross C. , Tomson Mason B. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
This work reports a reliable and systematic study of barite-nucleation kinetics in the presence of scale inhibitors from 4 to 90°C and at various conditions. In this study, we designed and developed an apparatus to study the nucleation kinetics of barite-scale formation by monitoring the change of photocurrent created by a 5-mW, 635-nm red laser.
The photodetector has a wide wavelength range in which sensitivity has a peak at 960 nm. A set of convex and concave lenses was used to control the beam diameter so that it can pass through more particles and increase the sensitivity. Temperature and mixing procedure were precisely controlled by an external waterbath and magnetic stirplate, respectively. The photocurrent output was constant when the laser is shining through a clear solution before scale formation. After scale occurred, laser was scattered by scale particles, which causes the decrease of photocurrent. One can expand this method to study nucleation kinetics of other scales such as carbonates, other sulfates, and sulfide scales. In addition, one can customize it to perform study under high temperature, high pressure, and anoxic conditions.
With this newly developed “laser” method, we successfully measured the nucleation kinetics of barite in synthetic brine (1 M NaCl, 0.1 M CaCl2) under various combinations of reaction parameters including temperature (T), pH, saturation index (SI), and Ba2+/SO42− ratio (R). Furthermore, the inhibition efficiency of various scale inhibitors including sulfonated polycarboxylic acid, polyvinyl sulfonate, and inulin on barite precipitation was also investigated. On the basis of the experimental results, the relationship of precipitation kinetics of barite as a function of T, pH, SI, and R was established. Results of this study will be incorporated into scale-prediction software to predict the risk of scale formation and the efficiency of scale inhibitors.
Study and Comparison of Aggression and Anxiety Symptoms among Child Labour and Children of Sex Workers according to their Draw Paintings
Authors: Kisamii Roghie Atashfaraz , Razavi Vida 
Published: June 2015

Purpose of this study was to investigate and compare level of anxiety and aggression among labor and street children as well as children whose mothers are sex workers based on analysis of their drawings. Sample group was selected by convenience sampling method, and included 50 children from Society for Defending Street and Labor Children using Morgan table. Measurement tool was Spence aggression questionnaire and Marx aggression questionnaire and analysis of drawing interpretation according to information in the book by Parirokh Dadsetan was used to verify accuracy of the results. Results of data analysis by covariance analysis showed that anxiety and aggression levels among labor and street children as well as children whose mothers are sex workers are high; however, there was no significant difference between labor and street children and children with sex working mothers in terms of children’s level of anxiety and aggression.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i5.12689
Ethylene Removal by Bio-filters in order to Increase Storage Life of Bananas
Authors: Moghadam Hesam Zendehdel , Kheirkhah Babak , Kariminik Ashraf 
Published: June 2015

Ethylene gas is the simplest plant hormone and cause a variety of physiological effects in plants. This hormone is known as the hormone of aging, due to the hormonal effect on fruit maturation, leaf loss and separation of the fruit from the branches, changing color as fruit maturation because of chlorophyll loss, fruit firmness. Increased ethylene in fruit storage media creates the right conditions for growth of microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the removal of ethylene by bio-filters to extend the shelf-life of fruits was studied at laboratory scale. Samples were evaluated organoleptic (sensory) and after preparing the best filter, filter efficient were used scale of operation (used in fruit cartons). Removal of ethylene gas by Gas chromatograph system showed that the amount of gas passing through the column 4 substrates including active sludge, peat wood chips, humus with organic soil was 0.6528 ml (ethylene) / L (air) in comparison to the other columns, and control sample. Results showed that the bio-filters with isolated bacteria in this study can be used to the removal of ethylene gas and increase shelf life of fruit postharvest storage conditions.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i5.12696
A Study on Relativities of T-Toxin and Fumonisin in Wheat Flours in Iran
Authors: Nosrati Arash Chaichi 
Published: June 2015

Wheat is one of the most important grains consumed in the world. Food contamination with toxicogenic moulds increased attention over the last three decades, which impact on food safety. Fumonisins, the TCs and ZEA are hazardous for human and animal health during normal food processing. Therefore, a rapid and sensitive technique for routine assay of mycotoxins in foods is necessary.Attention to this subject that bread is one of the most widely used food substances in cereal series, it is important to continue to monitor the occurrence of these mycotoxins in cereals and cereal products. Since Fusarium species are commonly associated with cereals can produce several secondary toxic metabolites the samples collected from provincial premier and preparation of cell extracts then toxin estimation were done by ELISA (Kits and Rida Screen T-toxin / Fumonisin analysis R-Bio-Pharm GmbH )on the samples so that T-toxin/Fumonisin to be analyzed. According to the amount of fusarium toxins measured in grain and fluor samples comparing to the amount of toxin observed in bread flour maintain compliance found that the amount of FT/FFum(NPar-Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test for Ftox - FFum;Z; -2.480a,Asymp-Sig; 0.013,Pearson Correlation ;0.266, Sig;0.358)for T-toxin correlations in wheat flour incomparison have no significant correlation despite reverse relations for the both,but not statistically significant was supporting by the Pearson statistical determinations a significant correlation for the two variables in contrast were statistically meaningful in numerical differences(P< 0/05 ). The determinative pollutions of wheat flour samples were in the Mean;28.764 ppb,Range; 30.100 (Min; 11.100,Max; 41.200 ppb),Var; 65.922,Std.Dev.; 8.119,Skewness; -0.614,Kurtosis; 0.590 for T toxin and for Fumonisin (Mean; 21.422 ppb, Range; 5.670 (Min; 19.290,Max; 24.960 ppb),Var; 2.623,Std.Dev.; 1.620;Skewness; 0.712,Kurtosis; 0.209) as statistic definitions were showed a considerable disalignmented correlation specialy at a Pearson Correlation ; 0.408/0.266, Sig;0.358, Sig; 0.001-0.013 values.Thus according to the standard values for feed and food could be serious attention to the cumulative effects of toxins, a serious risk andthat should not be overlooked about the cities and provinces where conducted .The maximum values of found respectively were more than standards 50% up to 100%, so a serious risk are considered.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i5.12703