bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF MILITARY BLOOD ON THE ISCHEMIC AND DENERVATION PROCESS IN MUSCLES AFTER A MINE-EXPLOSIVE INJURYS
Authors: Magomedov Sadrudin , Polyachenko Yurii , Dolhopolov Oleksii , Kostrub Оlexandr , Litovka Iryna , Rohozynskyi Valentyn 
Published: July 2024

The injuries received are accompanied by massive damage to the soft tissues of the limbs, main vessels and nerves, and the development of compartment syndrome. Violation of muscle function in the case of a limb injury can be both a consequence of denervation — as a result of damage to peripheral nerves, and ischemia with subsequent necrosis and fibrosis — as a result of direct or indirect damage to muscles, «tenotomy syndrome» — in case of traumatic damage to tendons and muscles yams, with the simultaneous combination of denervation and ischemia. Markers for assessing the state of muscle tissue — levels of Na+, K+ and Ca++ electrolytes, indicators of kidney function (urea, creatinine); glucose and the products of its transformations — lactate (lacticacid) and pyruvate (pyruvic acid) and, finally, muscle enzymes, namely creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Objective. To study the biochemical indicators of blood (activity of energy metabolism enzymes and electrolyte content) of military personnel with ischemic contracture and muscle denervation after a mine-explosive injury. Methods. The blood serum of 45 people, who were divided into IV groups, was analyzed. The average age of patients of the II group was 33.75 ± 3.46; III — 37 ± 3.66; IV — 35.86 ± 2.35. The results. The activity of LDH and CK and the content of electrolytes Na+, K+, Ca++ were determined in blood serum. Conclusions. LDH plays a key role in lactate metabolism and maintenance of energy balance in skeletal muscle. Its increased activity indicates the presence of hypoxia due to ischemic contracture of the limb and damage to peripheral nerves. KK enzyme protects cell membranes from damage. The tendency to decrease the activity of CC is a negative sign that reflects the initial process of destruction of the cell membranes of muscles damaged by a mine-explosive injury. The obtained results can be used to determine the severity of pathological processes in patients after traumatic damage to peripheral nerves and ischemic contracture, as well as when assessing the expediency of surgical intervention.
A REVIEW OF ANIMAL MODELS FOR BONE FRACTURE NONUNION AND THEIR ROLE IN STUDYING BIOLOGICAL THERAPY EFFICACY
Authors: Vorontsov Petro , Maltseva Valentyna 
Published: July 2024

The bone healing impairment, such as non-union fractures after injuries of long bones, lead to loss of working capacity and result in significant financial costs, which emphasizes the socioeconomic significance of the problem. However, it is not known which method of modeling the non-union bone fractures is more optimal for further research into the effectiveness of biological therapy aimed at treating bone healing impairment. For a detailed study of methods of non-union fracture treatment of, it is necessary to determine the developed animal models. The objective was to analyze the existing animal models of fracture nonunion in long bones in vivo and to consider the possibility of their further use to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of modern biotechnologies for the in the management of fracture nonunion. It was found that the majority of developed animal models of atrophic long bone non-union were created using small animals, namely rats, mice, and rabbits. A more common method of modeling bone non-union is performing an osteotomy with the formation of a defect of different widths between the bone fragments and subsequent removal of the periosteum proximal and distal to the osteotomy site; damage to the endosteum or removal of bone marrow. Also, in such animal models, researchers use a silicone spacer, a polysulfone plate, or a latex-silicone foil to physically prevent fracture union. In these animal models, studies using mesenchymal stromal cells, platelet-rich plasma or bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) have already been conducted for the management of non-union bone fractures. At the same time, the clinical results of the application of various biological therapies are ambiguous, which determines the conduct of further experimental studies, in particular, in vivo. However, there are disagreements about which in vivo modeling methods give a reproducible result and prevent bone union, which determines the need for further analysis of existing modeling tools for conducting research in this direction.
The uniaxial compressive strength of concrete: revisited
Authors: Yankelevsky David Z. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper re-examines common notions and conventions regarding the compressive strength of concrete in general and of the uniaxial compressive strength of concrete in particular. A distinction is introduced between the strength of the specimen and the strength of the concrete as a material, and the commonly measured and adopted strength is shown to be the specimen’s strength, wrongly interpreted as the material’s strength. the two major damage modes of concrete specimens (with the formation of either longitudinal cracks or shear bands) are discussed. Such failure modes are wrongly considered as features of concrete behavior in uniaxial compression, but this is not the case. Longitudinal cracking is due to lateral expansion (Poisson’s effect) and occurs at a relatively low applied load in absence of friction at specimen’s top and bottom boundaries. Shear failure (accompanied by the formation of an inclined shear band) is related to the shear envelope parameters that are related to the concrete mixture, but the applied ultimate pressure is not the concrete uniaxial compressive strength. Hence, though caused by applied compressive loading, these failure modes are little/hardly related to the concrete material intended as the ultimate uniaxial stress (strength) corresponding to a maximum value of the uniaxial compressive strain. Using the shear envelope parameters has been proven to yield a very good prediction of the applied compressive loading of the specimen in the limit state, as a demonstration that the applied pressure at specimen’s failure resulting from the formation of inclined fracture bands is the specimen’s failure strength, and not the material’s compressive strength! Reasons are given against the existence of a uniaxial compressive strength failure for concrete, and a piece of evidence in this direction is provided by concrete specimens subjected to pure hydrostatic compression, that do not fail at all. The entire issue requires, therefore, a deep revisiting and re-thinking, to provide correct measures for representing concrete response under compression in analysis and design.
Ketogenic Diet and Progression of Kidney Disease in Animal Models of Nephropathic Cystinosis
Authors: Bellomo Francesco , Pugliese Sara , Cairoli Sara , Krohn Patrick , De Stefanis Cristiano , Raso Roberto , Rega Laura Rita , Taranta Anna , De Leo Ester , Ciolfi Andrea , Cicolani Nicolò , Petrini Stefania , Luciani Alessandro , Goffredo Bianca Maria , Porzio Ottavia , Devuyst Olivier , Dionisi-Vici Carlo , Emma Francesco 
Published: July 2024

Key Points

Ketogenic diet can change the metabolism in the body and helped restore the function of altered pathways in nephropathic cystinosis.Ketogenic diet had significant benefits for preventing kidney damage, even when initiated after the onset of kidney impairment.Ketogenic diet may provide a partial therapeutic alternative in countries where cysteamine therapy is too expensive.

Background
Nephropathic cystinosis is a rare inherited lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the CTNS gene that encodes for cystinosin, a lysosomal cystine/H+ symporter. From the standpoint of the kidneys, patients develop early-onset renal Fanconi syndrome and progressive CKD. Current therapy with cysteamine delays but does not prevent kidney failure and has significant side effects that limit adherence and reduce the quality of life of patients.

Methods
We have tested biochemically and histologically the effects of ketogenic diet on kidney disease of two animal models of nephropathic cystinosis.

Results
When Ctns
−/− mice were fed with ketogenic diet from 3 to 12 months of age, we observed significant nearly complete prevention of Fanconi syndrome, including low molecular weight proteinuria, glycosuria, and polyuria. Compared with wild-type animals, BUN at 12 months was higher in cystinotic mice fed with standard diet (P < 0.001), but not with ketogenic diet. At sacrifice, kidneys of knockout mice fed with ketogenic diet appeared macroscopically similar to those of wild-type animals, which was reflected microscopically by a significant reduction of interstitial cell infiltration (CD3 and CD68 positive cells, P < 0.01), of interstitial fibrosis (Masson and α-smooth muscle actin staining, P < 0.001), and of apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3 levels; P < 0.001), and by indirect evidence of restoration of a normal autophagic flux (SQSTM1/p62 and LC3-II expression, P < 0.05). Beneficial effects of ketogenic diet on tubular function were also observed after mice were fed with this ketogenic diet from the age of 6 months to the age of 15 months, after they had developed proximal tubular dysfunction. Although slightly less pronounced, these results were replicated in Ctns
−/− rats fed with ketogenic diet from 2 to 8 months of life.

Conclusions
These results indicate significant mitigation of the kidney phenotype in cystinotic animals fed with ketogenic diet.
Физико-химические свойства суспензий на основе оксида алюминия и перспективы их применения
Authors: Niftaliev Sabukhi I. , Kuznetsova Irina V. , Nikiforova Anastasia D. , Sugatov Denis S. , Alikin Evgeniy A. , Baksheev Evgeniy O. , Rychkov Vladimir N. 
Published: July 2024

Cordierite blocks of a honeycomb structure with square cross-section channels are used as ceramic carriers for three-route automotive catalysts. Catalytically active layers are applied from suspensions based on γ-Al2O3, which is introduced into the internal volume of the carrier. The preparation of suspensions included impregnation of Al2O3 powder with solutions of Pt, Eu precursors, dilution with water, grinding to particles with an average size of 4 microns, setting acidity in the required range.
The study of the physicochemical properties (point of zero charge, specific surface area, particle size, pore volume, average pore diameter) of a suspension prepared on the basis of aluminium oxide and modified with europium and platinum ions is relevant due to the possibility of using three-path catalysts in technology.
The surface and porosity parameters were determined by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption/desorption.
pHzcp values were determined by gravimetric titration, the pH of the points were in the range of 6.01-7.1, therefore, the specified acidity range should not be beyond these limits. The processes of thermal destruction of suspensions during heating were studied by thermal analysis. During the heating process from -100 to 250°C, a weight loss was observed throughout the heating process. Endothermic effects were discovered, corresponding to the melting of ice, evaporation of moisture, and decomposition of nitrogen-containing compounds. The greatest weight loss was observed in an aluminium oxide sample modified with europium and platinum ions (Eu,Pt/γ-Al2O3). Quantitative assessment of the forms of moisture bonds in the suspension was carried out using experimental dependences on weight changes of the TG sample and the rate of change in the DTG weight in the temperature range of 270-380 K. Based on the activation energy values, it was established that the mechanism of moisture release from the Eu,Pt/γ-Al2O3 differs from others. The calculated activation energies for the release of moisture was high (41-92 kJ/mol), which indicates the bound state of water in the structure of the solid phase. The suspension was applied to a ceramic catalyst base and annealed at 500 °C, information about the mechanism of moisture release during heating of the suspension will help to avoid a decrease in the specific surface area.
Think beyond TB lymphadenitis - Kikuchi fujimoto lymphadenitis
Authors: Alavandar Aishwarya , Mathivanan Koushik Muthu Raja 
Published: July 2024

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is an extremely unusual lymphadenopathy that typically affects females between the ages of 20 and 40, but the aetiology is still unclear. A 28-year-old female presented with right-sided cervical lymph nodes, but there was no history of fever, anorexia, or loss of appetite. Ultrasonography of the patient's neck revealed bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. Both the acid-fast bacilli smear and GeneXpert tests returned negative results. Histopathology revealed the presence of lymphocytes and histiocytes mixed with karyorrhectic debris. Immunohistochemistry markers support the diagnosis of Kikuchi-Fujimoto lymphadenitis. This case demonstrates that early recognition of KFD reduces unnecessary evaluations and treatments and patient suffering. KFD is a self-limiting disease that requires a systematic approach for a diagnosis; once the diagnosis is made and confirmed by techniques such as immunohistochemistry, symptomatic treatment alone would suffice in the majority of cases. The commonest presentation is an acute or subacute febrile illness associated with cervical lymphadenopathy.
A qualitative analysis on prevalence of refractive errors in children
Authors: Savaliya Mayur , Sevak Hirava , R Patel Keyuri , H Patel Prakruti 
Published: July 2024

General Health survey was conducted in order to gain a better understanding about the lifestyle of children and their weekly consumption of nutrition. The study was mainly based on information provided by children and their family members. The survey has 400 different cases from all over Ahmedabad, Gujarat showcasing the eye power and cause of power. There are cases with eye power as well as non-eye power once. To evaluate the general public's understanding of and attitude towards refractive errors in the North-central part of Gujarat, Ahmedabad. Door-to-door population survey in the region of North-central Gujarat, Ahmedabad. A 15-point questionnaire was created and the information was gathered and analyzed to determine statistically the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the general population and population as well as to identify important demographic relationships. It was seen that among all the refractive errors myopia was the most common one seen in children. After myopia the most common Refractive error was amblyopia accompanied with astigmatism and then hyperopia was seen rarely in children. From 400 children’s 54 children were diagnosed with Refractive errors that is 13.5%. Refractive errors were common in both the genders. Age population between 3 to 9 shows fluctuations while population of 10 to 12 years had higher number of individuals suffering from Refractive disorders.
Tingkatan Mutu dan Mitigasi Risiko pada Penanganan Udang Windu di PPI Selili Samarinda ke Pasar Barong Tongkok, Melak
Authors: Pratama Andri , Mustaruddin Mustaruddin , Purwangka Fis 
Published: July 2024

East Kalimantan has a superior commodity: tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon). Some of these commodities are marketed to several areas in Samarinda City and to areas outside Samarinda City, namely West Kutai Regency (Barong Tongkok Market). The distribution process uses a cold chain (cool box) system for 12 hours of travel. Long distribution times cause product quality to decrease. This study aims to assess tiger shrimp's quality and handling strategies using a cold chain system at PPI Selili Samarinda City. The quality level is determined using organoleptic testing at points 1 (PPI Selili) and 2 (Pasar Barong Tongkok). The formal safety assessment (FSA) method is used to identify risks in each handling activity, risk assessment associated with tiger shrimp deterioration, risk control, and recommendations to minimize quality degradation. Based on organoleptic tests, the quality of tiger shrimp is included in the category of safe for consumption. Product handling activities included unloading products from ships, moving them to terminals, washing, structuring, packaging in cool boxes, transportation by shipping services, shipping to Melak Pasar Barong Tongkok, unloading from shipping services, and product arrangement. The highest potential risk is handling shipments to Melak Pasar Barong Tongkok, which has 22 potential hazards. Risk mitigation can be applied through socialization and evaluation related to suitable fish handling methods (CPIB) and making operational schedules for cleaning in the product loading and unloading area before and after handling activities.

Keywords: formal safety assessment, risk management, handling strategy, transportation, tiger shrimp
Pengaruh Pupuk Organik Cair Kulit Pisang Kepok pada Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)
Authors: Elfarisna Elfarisna , Rachman Annisa , Rahmayuni Erlina 
Published: July 2024

The content in banana peels, namely protein, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, and sulfur, has the potential to be used as liquid organic fertilizer (LOF). This study aims to evaluate the application of various doses of LOF derived from kepok banana peel on the growth and production of okra plants. The experiment was carried out at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta, from March to July 2021. The experiment used a Randomized Group Design (RAK), with six treatments and four repeats. The treatments are P0 (inorganic fertilizer as a control), P1 (50 mL LOF), P2 (75 mL LOF), P3 (100 mL LOF), P4 (125 mL LOF), and P5 (150 mL LOF). The results showed that the application of kepok banana peel LOF did not affect the growth and production of okra plants compared to the application of inorganic fertilizers. The cause is the low nutrient content in LOF banana peel of kepok.

Keywords: as liquid organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, kepok, liquid organic fertilizer, okra
O acolhimento de refugiados ucranianos em tempos de guerra:
Authors: Soledade Ana Filipa , Maurício Cezarina Santinho 
Published: July 2024

O presente trabalho pretende apresentar uma prática de voluntariado com crianças e jovens ucranianos, desenvolvida por estudantes do curso técnico superior profissional de intervenção social comunitária, da Escola Superior de Educação e Ciências Sociais, no decurso do 2º semestre, do ano letivo 2021/2022. Enquanto país integrante da União Europeia, Portugal ativou, pela primeira vez, a diretiva europeia de proteção temporária, para garantir o asilo a todos os cidadãos em fuga da guerra da Ucrânia. O governo e as autarquias locais tomaram medidas no sentido de operacionalizarem esse acolhimento. A Câmara Municipal de Leiria respondeu, afirmativamente, a esta chamada. Os objetivos centrais deste projeto consistiram em prestar apoio a uma população em situação de grande vulnerabilidade social em virtude da guerra e contribuir para a integração das crianças e jovens. Os estudantes realizaram trabalho no centro de recolha de bens e concretizaram atividades direcionadas às crianças ucranianas, instaladas na estrutura de acolhimento coletivo, a funcionar no Estádio Municipal de Leiria e que aguardam a sua integração nas diferentes escolas ou o acesso a outras opções. A promoção de atividades lúdicas e recreativas é considerada relevante, desempenhando um papel a varios níveis: proporcionar momentos de socialização e de ligação com a comunidade, estabelecer pontes entre aspectos culturais de Portugal e do país de origem, contribuir para ambientes seguros e acolhedores que facilitem a inclusão. Os cuidados no acolhimento fomentam o bem-estar destas crianças e jovens.
Determinação cinética de Mo(VI)
Authors: Andrade João Carlos de 
Published: July 2024

Uma reação catalítica ocorre quando uma determinada espécie presente no meio reacional (o catalizador) provoca uma diminuição da energia de ativação do sistema, sem ser consumida no processo. Essas reações são particularmente úteis quando se deseja detectar e/ou determinar a presença de quantidades muito pequenas (traços) de substâncias contidas em uma amostra. Algumas reações ocorrem (ou são aceleradas) apenas na presença de catalisadores e o estudo cinético dessas reações fornecem informações valiosas sobre a sua presença ou ausência no meio reacional. Os primeiros exemplos de métodos analíticos baseados na cinética química datam do final do século XIX e estão relacionados com a atividade catalítica das enzimas. Apesar da variedade de métodos desenvolvidos na primeira metade do século XX, os métodos cinéticos deixaram de ser de uso comum, pois eram susceptíveis a erros causados por variáveis mal controladas, como a temperatura, pH e a presença de interferentes, que podiam ativar ou inibir as reações. Somente após os anos 80 é que essa técnica voltou a ser mais estudada com mais afinco. Nesse artigo, de caráter didático, pretende-se demonstrar o uso do método cinético-catalítico na determinação de traços de íons Mo(VI) em solução, com base na reação indicadora de água oxigenada com íons iodeto em meio ácido. A produção de iodo pode ser acompanhada espectrofotometricamente, monito-rando-se a formação do complexo [I2 – amido], de cor azul intensa, que apresenta seu máximo de absorbância em l=590 nm. A reação também pode ser acompanhada monitorando-se a formação do I2 em solução no seu máximo de absorção em l=390 nm, mas a sensibilidade desse procedimento é bem menor. O desenvolvimento da reação indicadora foi observado em intervalos de tempo regulares na presença de diferentes concentrações de Mo(VI), permitindo a construção das curvas cinéticas que relacionam a velocidade da reação com a concentração do catalisador. O objetivo principal desse artigo é o de demostrar o emprego da técnica cinético-catalítica de análise, usando a espectrofotometria molecular como método de detecção, aplicando o procedimento para a determinação da concentração de íons Mo(VI) em uma amostra contendo (apenas) íons molibdato. Esse método é atrativo como um experimento didático pois, além de relativamente preciso, emprega um instrumental simples e de uso corriqueiro em laboratórios de ensino.