bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of Venous Integrity in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Authors: De Guio François , Vignaud Alexandre , Ropele Stefan , Duering Marco , Duchesnay Edouard , Chabriat Hugues , Jouvent Eric 
Published: May 2014

Background and Purpose—
Previous pathological studies in humans or in animal models have shown alterations of small arteries and veins within white matter lesions in cerebral small vessel disease. We aimed to evaluate in vivo, the integrity of the cerebral venous network using high-resolution MRI both within and outside white matter hyperintensities in cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL).

Methods—

High-resolution T
2
*-weighted images were obtained at 7-T in 13 CADASIL patients with no or only mild symptoms and 13 age- and sex-matched controls. Macroscopic veins were automatically counted in the centrum semiovale and compared between patients and controls. In addition, T
2
* was compared between groups in the normal-appearing white matter.

Results—

Vein density was found lower in CADASIL patients compared with that in controls (−14.6% in patients,
P
<0.001). This was detected both within and outside white matter hyperintensities. Mean T
2
*, that is presumably inversely related to the venous density, was also found increased in normal-appearing white matter of patients (+7.2%,
P
=0.006). All results were independent from the extent of white matter hyperintensities.

Conclusions—

A significant reduction in the number of visible veins was observed in the centrum semiovale of CADASIL patients both within and outside white matter hyperintensities, together with an increase of T
2
* in the normal-appearing white matter. Additional studies are needed to decipher the exact implication of such vasculature changes in the appearance of white matter lesions.
Check It!
Authors: Jaser Sarah S. , Patel Niral , Rothman Russell L. , Choi Leena , Whittemore Robin 
Published: May 2014

Purpose The purpose of the current study was to pilot-test a positive psychology intervention to improve adherence to diabetes management in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Methods A total of 39 adolescents (ages, 13-17 years) with type 1 diabetes and their caregivers were randomized to a positive psychology intervention (n = 20) or an attention control (education) intervention (n = 19). The intervention condition used positive psychology exercises (eg, gratitude, self-affirmation), small gifts, and parent affirmations to boost positive affect. Outcomes included frequency of blood glucose monitoring, quality of life, and glycemic control. Results No main effects for treatment were observed at the 6-month follow-up. However, there was a significant association between adolescents’ levels of positive affect and measures of adherence, including self-report and meter downloads of glucose monitoring. Conclusions The results from the current study support the assertion that positive affect in the context of diabetes education is an important factor to consider in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
Diagnostic value of 3D fluid attenuated inversion recovery sequence in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Gramsch Carolin , Nensa Felix , Kastrup Oliver , Maderwald Stefan , Deuschl Cornelius , Ringelstein Adrian , Schelhorn Juliane , Forsting Michael , Schlamann Marc 
Published: May 2014

Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an indispensable tool in the diagnostic work-up of multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, guidelines suggest MRI protocols containing axial dual-echo, unenhanced and post-contrast T1-weighted sequences. Especially the usage of dual-echo sequences has markedly improved the ability of MRI to detect cortical and infratentorial lesions. Newer 3D FLAIR sequences are supposed to provide even more positive imaging features such as improved detection of white matter lesions and a better resolution due to smaller slice thickness. Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic impact of 3D FLAIR sequences in comparison to conventional T2 and PD sequences. Material and Methods Examinations of 20 MS patients (10 women, 10 men) were reviewed retrospectively. All patients received MRI standard protocol containing PD and T2 sequences and a mid-sagittal T2 sequence. Additionally an isotropic 3D FLAIR sequence was performed. Whole-brain lesion load and number of lesions in juxtacortical, infratentorial, and midcallosal localizations were assessed by two observers independently and compared. Results Whole lesion load and the count of detectable lesions at the 3D FLAIR sequence were significantly higher in the juxtacortical and infratentorial regions compared to the PD/T2 sequence. Detection rate of midcallosal lesions did not differ significantly in sagittal T2 and 3D FLAIR sequence. Conclusion 3D FLAIR sequences can improve the detection of brain lesions in patients with MS and are even more sensitive in depicting lesions in cortical and infratentorial locations than current dual-echo sequences. The sequence can replace both PD/T2 sequences and mid-sagittal T2 sequences of the corpus callosum.
Association between Propionibacterium acnes and frozen shoulder: a pilot study
Authors: Bunker Tim D , Boyd Matthew , Gallacher Sian , Auckland Cressida R , Kitson Jeff , Smith Chris D 
Published: May 2014

Background Frozen shoulder has not previously been shown to be associated with infection. The present study set out to confirm the null hypothesis that there is no relationship between infection and frozen shoulder using two modern scientific methods, extended culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for bacterial nucleic acids. Methods A prospective cohort of 10 patients undergoing arthroscopic release for stage II idiopathic frozen shoulder had two biopsies of tissue taken from the affected shoulder joint capsule at the time of surgery, along with control biopsies of subdermal fat. The biopsies and controls were examined with extended culture and PCR for microbial nucleic acid. Results Eight of the 10 patients had positive findings on extended culture in their shoulder capsule and, in six of these, Propionibacterium acnes was present. Conclusions The findings mean that we must reject the null hypothesis that there is no relationship between infection and frozen shoulder. More studies are urgently needed to confirm or refute these findings. If they are confirmed, this could potentially lead to new and effective treatments for this common, painful and disabling condition. Could P. acnes be the Helicobacter of frozen shoulder?
Responsiveness of outcome measures in patients with superior labral anterior and posterior lesions
Authors: Skare Øystein , Mowinckel Petter , Schrøder Cecilie Piene , Liavaag Sigurd , Reikerås Olav , Brox Jens Ivar 
Published: May 2014

Background Evaluation of patients with superior labral anterior and posterior (SLAP) lesions requires outcome measures validated for the purpose. The present study aimed to evaluate the responsiveness of the Rowe score, Oxford Instability Shoulder Score (OISS), Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) and EuroQol (EQ-5D and EQ-VAS) in patients treated for SLAP lesions. Methods Eighty-nine patients were included: 34 had arthroscopic labral repair, 28 had mini-open biceps tenodesis and 27 had physical treatment. The outcome measures were administrated before treatment and after 6 months. Responsiveness was evaluated using standardized response mean (SRM), area under receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROCAUC), reliable chance proportion (RCP) statistics and hypothesis testing. Minimal clinically important change (MCIC) estimates were reported. Results All outcome measures had high values of SRM (0.86–1.92). RCPs for the improved group were 68% to 79% for OISS, WOSI and Rowe score, and 15% to 49% for EuroQol. ROCAUC was >0.70 for all outcomes. MCIC estimates were 8 and 10 for OISS; 451 and 569 for WOSI; 17 and 18 for Rowe score; 0.39 and 0.53 for EQ-5D; and 35 and 41 for EQ-VAS. Responsiveness tested with hypotheses favours the shoulder-specific outcomes. Conclusions OISS, WOSI and Rowe score are more responsive than EuroQol in evaluation of patients with SLAP lesions.
Strength and Functional Performance Recovery After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Preadolescent Athletes
Authors: Greenberg Elliot M. , Greenberg Eric T. , Ganley Theodore J. , Lawrence J. Todd R. 
Published: May 2014

Background: In the skeletally immature population, the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and ACL reconstructions appears to be increasing. Differences in surgical techniques, physiology, and emotional maturity may alter the rehabilitation progression and impact the outcomes when compared with adults. Reports of objective strength recovery and performance-based outcome measures after pediatric ACL reconstruction (ACLR) are limited. Study Design: Retrospective case series. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: All patients that underwent all-epiphyseal ACLR from January 2008 to August 2010 were identified. Isokinetic peak quadriceps/hamstring torque values and functional performance measures in unilateral hopping tasks were extracted and compared with the noninjured limb. A limb symmetry index (LSI) of ≥90% was considered satisfactory. Results: Complete data were available for 16 patients (mean age, 12.28 years; range, 8.51-14.88 years). By a mean 7 months (range, 3.02-12.56 years) postoperatively, only 9 of 16 (56%) were able to achieve a satisfactory LSI for quadriceps strength. For hamstring strength, 15 of 16 (94%) were able to achieve satisfactory LSI. By a mean of 12 months (range, 5.39-24.39 months) postoperatively, only 6 of 16 subjects (38%) were able to achieve satisfactory performance on all functional hop tests. At a mean 15.42 months (range, 8.58-24.39 months) postsurgery, only 4 of 16 (25%) subjects were able to achieve an LSI of ≥90% on all testing parameters. Conclusion: For some pediatric patients, significant strength and functional deficits may be present at greater than 1 year after ACLR. This population may require more prolonged rehabilitation programs to allow for adequate recovery of strength and function because of unique characteristics of normal growth and development.
Variation in caecal intubation rates between screening and symptomatic patients
Authors: Nagrath Nalin , Phull Perminder S 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundThe caecal intubation rate (CIR) is an important quality standard for endoscopists, as well as for national bowel cancer screening programmes; however, individuals undergoing colonoscopy for bowel screening and symptomatic patients represent different groups, and their characteristics may affect colonoscopy performance.ObjectiveTo compare colonoscopists’ performance, as assessed by the CIR, in symptomatic patients compared to individuals undergoing colonoscopy for bowel cancer screening.MethodsRetrospective audit of CIRs for all patients undergoing colonoscopy at our institution during the year 2008. We retrieved the data from an endoscopy reporting software database and from the local bowel cancer screening programme database. Demographic data was extracted, as well as details of known factors that may affect completion of colonoscopy, such as poor bowel preparation, presence of diverticular disease, polyps, tumour and strictures. The unadjusted CIRs for colonoscopists participating in the screening programme were compared between the bowel screening and the symptomatic patient groups.ResultsFive screening colonoscopists performed 1056 colonoscopies, of which 488 were bowel screening procedures. The overall CIR was significantly lower in the symptomatic, compared to the screening, individuals (88.5% versus 93%, P  < 0.02). No significant differences were observed between the two groups for risk factors that could impair the CIR. The CIR was <90% for two of the five colonoscopists in symptomatic patients, and just under 90% for one colonoscopist in screening individuals. Multivariate analysis revealed that non‐screening colonoscopy was an independent predictor for an incomplete procedure (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.2–2.8).ConclusionsThe CIR, a key quality performance indicator for colonoscopy, is lower in symptomatic patients compared to individuals undergoing colorectal cancer screening. These results suggested that CIR should be monitored independently in screening and non‐screening colonoscopies.
The orally bioavailable MDM2 antagonist RG7112 and pegylated interferon α 2a target JAK2V617F-positive progenitor and stem cells
Authors: Lu Min , Xia Lijuan , Li Yan , Wang Xiaoli , Hoffman Ronald 
Published: May 2014

Key Points
Combination treatment with RG7112 and Peg-IFNα 2a targets primitive JAK2V617F+ progenitor cells in myeloproliferative neoplasms.
Dissection of vertebrate hematopoiesis using zebrafish thrombopoietin
Authors: Svoboda Ondřej , Stachura David L. , Machoňová Olga , Pajer Petr , Brynda Jiří , Zon Leonard I. , Traver David , Bartůněk Petr 
Published: May 2014

Key Points
Erythro-/thrombopoiesis is driven by the differentiation of bipotent thrombocytic-erythroid progenitors (TEPs) in vertebrates. Clonogenic and proliferative capacity of TEPs, thrombocytic and erythroid progenitors, is conserved from nonmammalian vertebrates to man.
Lapatinib Plus Paclitaxel Versus Paclitaxel Alone in the Second-Line Treatment of HER2-Amplified Advanced Gastric Cancer in Asian Populations: TyTAN—A Randomized, Phase III Study
Authors: Satoh Taroh , Xu Rui-Hua , Chung Hyun Cheol , Sun Guo-Ping , Doi Toshihiko , Xu Jian-Ming , Tsuji Akihito , Omuro Yasushi , Li Jin , Wang Jin-Wan , Miwa Hiroto , Qin Shu-Kui , Chung Ik-Joo , Yeh Kun-Huei , Feng Ji-Feng , Mukaiyama Akihira , Kobayashi Mikiro , Ohtsu Atsushi , Bang Yung-Jue 
Published: May 2014

Purpose In Asian countries, paclitaxel once per week is used as second-line treatment in advanced gastric cancer, including human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) –positive tumors. The role of anti-HER2 agents, including lapatinib, in this setting and population is unclear. Patients and Methods TyTAN was a two-part, parallel-group, phase III study in Asian patients. An open-label, dose-optimization phase (n = 12) was followed by a randomized phase (n = 261), in which patients who were HER2 positive by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) received lapatinib 1,500 mg once per day plus once-per-week paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 or paclitaxel alone. The primary end point was overall survival (OS). Secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS), time to progression (TTP), overall response rate (ORR), time to response, response duration, and safety. Analyses were based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) and gastrectomy status, prior trastuzumab therapy, and regional subpopulations. Results Median OS was 11.0 months with lapatinib plus paclitaxel versus 8.9 months with paclitaxel alone (P = .1044), with no significant difference in median PFS (5.4 v 4.4 months) or TTP (5.5 v 4.4 months). ORR was higher with lapatinib plus paclitaxel versus paclitaxel alone (odds ratio, 3.85; P < .001). Better efficacy with lapatinib plus paclitaxel was demonstrated in IHC3+ compared with IHC0/1+ and 2+ patients and in Chinese compared with Japanese patients. A similar proportion of patients experienced adverse events with each treatment (lapatinib plus paclitaxel, 100% v paclitaxel alone, 98%). Conclusion Lapatinib plus paclitaxel demonstrated activity in the second-line treatment of patients with HER2 FISH-positive IHC3+ advanced gastric cancer but did not significantly improve OS in the intent-to-treat population.
Generalized Synthesis Algorithm of Fluorescent and Combined Methods related to Definitions of Indicators of Sea Waters Pollution by Oil and Oil Products
Authors: Ахмедов  , Akhmedov A. , Абдуллаева  , Abdullaeva S. 
Published: May 2014

A generalized algorithm of complex determination of marine oil spills parameters based on three consecutive
measurements of allocated signs has been offered. Signs for independent measurements of oil spills parameters have
been defined based on carried-out scientific literature review. The offered complex algorithm’s experimental check
results have been reported.
ANTICORROSION PROPERTIES OF PEROVSKITES SURFACE-MODIFIED WITH CONDUCTING POLYMERS IN ALKYDE COATINGS
Authors: Hájková Tereza , Hejdová Martina , Kalendová Andrea 
Published: May 2014

The effect of pigment particle surface treatment with polyaniline and polypyrrole on the corrosion inhibiting properties of organic paints was investigated. Mixed oxides possessing the spinel and perovskite structures were synthesised for the study. Coatings based on an alkyde resin were prepared for the investigation of the corrosion protection properties of the pigments, the surfaces of which had been provided with a polyaniline and polypyrrole layers. Laboratory corrosion tests were applied to the paint films. Polyaniline phosphate was found preferable to polypyrrole as the modifying agent of the pigment surface regarding the pigment’s corrosion inhibiting efficiency.
Rule-Based Category Learning in Down Syndrome
Authors: Phillips B. Allyson , Conners Frances A. , Merrill Edward , Klinger Mark R. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Rule-based category learning was examined in youths with Down syndrome (DS), youths with intellectual disability (ID), and typically developing (TD) youths. Two tasks measured category learning: the Modified Card Sort task (MCST) and the Concept Formation test of the Woodcock–Johnson-III (Woodock, McGrew, & Mather, 2001). In regression-based analyses, DS and ID groups performed below the level expected for their nonverbal ability. In cross-sectional developmental trajectory analyses, results depended on the task. On the MCST, the DS and ID groups were similar to the TD group. On the Concept Formation test, the DS group had slower cross-sectional change than the other 2 groups. Category learning may be an area of difficulty for those with ID, but task-related factors may affect trajectories for youths with DS.
Student goes on a journey; stranger rides into the classroom: Narratives and the instructor in the design studio
Authors: Boling Elizabeth , Siegel Martin A. , Smith Kennon M. , Parrish Patrick 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Enthusiasm is growing in non-traditional environments for teaching design by adapting knowledge and approaches from studio pedagogy, described as a ‘signature pedagogy’ by Lee S. Shulman in 2005. Meanwhile, those in fields where some variation of studio pedagogy have been used for decades are engaged in addressing some of its experienced shortcomings. Within this landscape of change, the authors have been engaged in study of their own studio-based courses, (interior design, instructional design, and interaction/experience design), reflecting on how this form of pedagogy is contributing to students’ development as designers. In this study we consider the role of the instructor in the studio using a lens informed by narrative aesthetics and transformative education. The narrative that an instructor encourages students to experience with regard to themselves, to the instructor, or to both, has a profound impact in the studio environment. This article will explore that impact within the context of the authors’ own courses via review of course notes and collaborative reflection with colleagues.
Developing (architectural) design knowledge: A learner-researcher study
Authors: Golja Tanja , Schaverien Lynette 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
While design researchers use diverse approaches to study designing, non-designers face specific impediments in adopting these research approaches in their quest to gain design knowledge. Recognizing such challenges, this article outlines how an education academic engineered a first-person methodology to investigate the nature of designing. Through undertaking a learner-researcher study in an undergraduate architectural design basics subject, learning about design through learning to design, she tracked her developing design ideas and crystallized a view of architectural designing as a three-phase heuristic for value selection: imagining possibilities, interpreting ideas to form architectural principles and distilling quality. This article concludes by speculating on various research directions arising from this learner-researcher methodology and a view of designing as value selection and, in particular, provoking consideration of how similar developmental data might be collected and analysed for explanatory insights in diverse design and educational contexts.
An exploration of foundational design thinking across educational domains
Authors: Cusens Demelza , Byrd Hugh 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
To teach design effectively, foundational design thinking needs to be understood. Treating the design process as a mysterious mental talent provides little scope for teaching the subject. This study explores the origin of designs and how experience impacts the sophistication of design ideas across educational domains. Secondary and tertiary students were given a common architectural brief and students’ outcomes were compared and contrasted to seek commonalities or differences in their approaches to solving design problems. In addition, interviews were conducted with participants and a panel of design experts to further explore the students’ design practices. The results provide an insight into design cognition from multiple viewpoints. We suggest that designs come from various forms of copying; metaphors, analogies and icons are used as preconceptions by which a design problem is understood. Moreover, experience had a direct link to expertise, which is evident across educational domains.
Aristotle on the Utility and Choiceworthiness of Friends
Authors: Walker Matthew D. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract:Aristotle’s views on the choiceworthiness of friends might seem both internally inconsistent and objectionably instrumentalizing. On the one hand, Aristotle maintains that perfect friends or virtue friends are choiceworthy and lovable for their own sake, and not merely for the sake of further ends. On the other hand, in
Cascaded energy based trajectory tracking control of a quadrotor
Authors: Fritsch Oliver , Tromba David , Lohmann Boris 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This paper presents a cascaded nonlinear state feedback control law for a quadrotor, which achieves asymptotic tracking of a predefined position and heading reference trajectory. The inner-loop attitude controller and the outer-loop position controller reflect the cascade structure of the quadrotor dynamics and are designed independently using an energy shaping approach. The closed loop tracking error dynamics form a nonautonomous nonlinear cascade for whose zero equilibrium we prove almost global asymptotic stability. Experimental results show the performance of the control concept.
Das Petrinetz Modellierungs- und -analysetool Π-Tool
Authors: Quiroga Lisandro M. , Becker Uwe , Schnieder Eckehard 
Published: May 2014

Zusammenfassung
In der Praxis werden zur Durchführung von Zuverlässigkeits- und
Sicherheitsanalysen, kurz RAMS-Analysen (Reliability, Availability,
Maintainability, Safety) verschiedene Beschreibungsmittel, Methoden und
Softwarewerkzeuge eingesetzt. Mit Hilfe von Petrinetz-Modellen können
jedoch alle vier Eigenschaften anhand nur eines einzigen Modells bewertet
werden. In diesem Beitrag wird das Modellierungs- und -analysewerkzeug Π-Tool für stochastische Petrinetze präsentiert, welche hierfür
mit seinen umfangreichen Modellierungs- und Analysefunktionalitäten eine
hervorragende Möglichkeit anbietet.
Bericht des GMA-Fachausschusses 1.40 „Theoretische Verfahren der Regelungstechnik“
Authors: Lens Dieter 
Published: May 2014

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die inhaltlichen Schwerpunkte der diesjährigen Tagung des GMA-Fachausschusses 1.40 und fasst die Beschlüsse des Ausschusses bezüglich seiner zukünftigen Arbeit zusammen.