bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Single Interfacial Point Mutation Rescues Solution Structure Determination of the Complex of HMG‐D with a DNA Bulge
Authors: Hill Guy R. , Yang Ji‐Chun , Easton Laura E. , Cerdan Rachel , McLaughlin Stephen H. , Stott Katherine , Travers Andrew A. , Neuhaus David 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBroadening of signals from atoms at interfaces can often be a limiting factor in applying solution NMR to the structure determination of complexes. Common contributors to such problems include exchange between free and bound states and the increased molecular weight of complexes relative to the free components, but another cause that can be more difficult to deal with occurs when conformational dynamics within the interface takes place at an intermediate rate on the chemical shift timescale. In this work we show how a carefully chosen mutation in the protein HMG‐D rescued such a situation, making possible high‐resolution structure determination of its complex with a dA2 bulge DNA ligand designed to mimic a natural DNA bend, and thereby revealing a new spatial organization of the complex.
Impact of transcatheter edge to edge repair in functional mitral regurgitation and cardiac resynchronization‐therapy nonresponders
Authors: Abraham Bishoy , Suppah Mustafa , Megaly Michael , Elbanna Mostafa , Kaldas Sara , Alsidawi Said , David Fortuin F. , Sweeney John , Ayoub Chadi , Alkhouli Mohamad , Sell‐Dottin Kristen , Chao Chieh‐Ju , Arsanjani Reza 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundDespite optimal medical therapy and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), significant functional mitral regurgitation (MR) persisted in 30% of the patients and labeled as CRT nonresponders.AimsWe sought to study the impact of transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair (TEER) in patients with symptomatic grade III and IV functional MR despite CRT.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of all patients who had prior CRT for at least 6 months and underwent TEER for significant residual functional MR (grade ≥3) and symptomatic heart failure (HF) at our institution. The primary outcomes were the change in New York Heart Association classification (NYHA), MR grade, echo parameters, and NT‐ProBNP from baseline to 1‐year post‐procedure.ResultsA total of 28 patients were identified, mean age of 73 ± 6.7 years and 89% males. Procedure success was achieved in all patients. At 1‐year follow‐up, patients had lower MR grade (median 2, IQR 1 [1,2] vs. 4, IQR 1 [3,4]; p < 0.001), NYHA class (median 2, IQR 1 [2,3] vs. 3, IQR 1 [3,4]; p < 0.001), and NT‐ProBNP (7658 ± 11322 vs. 3760 ± 4431; p = 0.035) compared to before the TEER procedure. The left ventricular end‐diastolic volume (255 ± 59 vs. 244 ± 66 mm; p = 0.016) and the right ventricular systolic pressure (52 ± 14 mmHg vs. 37 ± 13 mmHg, <0.001) decreased.ConclusionPatients who remain symptomatic after CRT with severe functional MR had improved functional status and MR grade at 1‐year following TEER. There was a signal toward reverse remodeling.
Rational Design of Mesoporous ZnFe2O4@g‐C3N4 Heterojunctions for Environmental Remediation and Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Das Suma , Paramanik Swapnamoy , Nair Ranjith G. , Chowdhury Avijit 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMesoporous catalysts with a high specific surface area, accessible pore structures, and appropriate band edges are desirable for optimal charge transfer across the interfaces, suppress electron‐hole recombination, and promote redox reactions at the active sites. The present study demonstrates the rational design of mesoporous ZnFe2O4@g‐C3N4 magnetic nanocomposites (MNCs) with different pore sizes and pore volumes following a combination of facile thermal itching and thermal impregnation methods. The MNCs preserve the structural, morphological, and physical attributes of their counterparts while ensuring their effectiveness and superior catalytic capabilities. The morphological analysis confirms the successful grafting and confinement of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles with the polymeric g‐C3N4 nanosheets to form heterojunctions with numerous interfaces. The MNCs possess uniformly distributed small mesopores (pore size <4 nm), ample active sites, and a high specific surface area of 62.50 m2/g. The mesoporous ZnFe2O4@g‐C3N4 notably improve hydrogen evolution rate and methylene blue dye degradation. The optimal loading weight of ZnFe2O4 is 20 %, in which the MNCs display the highest hydrogen evolution rate of 1752 μmol g−1 h−1 and photo‐Fenton dye degradation rate constants of 0.147 min−1, upon solar‐light illumination. Furthermore, the photocatalysts demonstrate recyclability over five consecutive cycles, confirming their stability, while easy separation using a simple magnet underscores practical utility.
Recent Advances in DNA‐Based Nanoprobes for In vivo MiRNA Imaging
Authors: Wang Caixia , Song Xuefang , Shen Jieyu , Xie Yuxin , Ju Huangxian , Liu Ying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs a post transcriptional regulator of gene expression, microRNAs (miRNA) is closely related to many major human diseases, especially cancer. Therefore, its precise detection is very important for disease diagnosis and treatment. With the advancement of fluorescent dye and imaging technology, the focus has shifted from in vitro miRNA detection to in vivo miRNA imaging. This concept review summarizes signal amplification strategies including DNAzyme catalytic reaction, hybrid chain reaction (HCR), catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) to enhance detection signal of lowly expressed miRNAs; external stimuli of ultraviolet (UV) light or near‐infrared region (NIR) light, and internal stimuli such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), glutathione (GSH), protease and cell membrane protein to prevent nonspecific activation for the avoidance of false positive signal; and the development of fluorescent probes with emission in NIR for in vivo miRNA imaging; as well as rare earth nanoparticle based the second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II) nanoprobes with excellent tissue penetration and depth for in vivo miRNA imaging. The concept review also indicated current challenges for in vivo miRNA imaging including the dynamic monitoring of miRNA expression change and simultaneous in vivo imaging of multiple miRNAs.
Catalytic pyrolysis of pine needles: Role of zeolite structure and SiO2/Al2O3 ratio on bio‐oil yield and product distribution
Authors: Yadav Omvesh , Jindal Meenu , Bhatt Richa , Agarwal Akul , Thallada Bhaskar , Palla Venkata Chandra Sekhar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRenewable and sustainable energy production has gained significant attention to meet sustainable development goals (SDGs). Pine needles, an abundant typical forestry residue, can be used as a renewable biomass source for sustainable energy production. Pyrolysis is a well‐established and commercialized technique for the thermochemical valorization of lignocellulosic biomass. The present work focuses on improving the bio‐oil yield by introducing SiO2‐Al2O3‐based catalysts, including different zeolites and SiO2‐Al2O3 materials with varying SiO2‐Al2O3 ratios, during the pyrolysis. Bio‐oil yield increased from 45.2 wt.% to 47.2 wt.% with the introduction of SiO2‐Al2O3 catalysts and increased to 51.2 wt.% and 50.6 wt.% with HZSM‐5 and Y‐zeolite, respectively, and decreased to 40.0 wt.% with β‐zeolite catalyst. The pyrolysis experiments of physically mixed biomass and catalyst were carried out in a fixed‐bed down‐flow reactor. Various process parameters such as temperature, retention time, and catalyst‐to‐biomass ratio were examined to evaluate their effect on product yield. The catalyst's introduction slightly decreased phenolic compound content, enhancing carbonyl and hydrocarbon production. Maximum improvement in bio‐oil yield by 6 wt.% was achieved using an H‐ZSM‐5 catalyst at 450°C temperature and 30 min residence time with a catalyst‐to‐biomass ratio of 1:4.
Nuclear α‐actinin‐4 regulates breast cancer invasiveness and EMT
Authors: Saha Sumon Kumar , Sarkar Madhurima , Srivastava Mahima , Dutta Sarbajeet , Sen Shamik 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEpithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key process where cells lose their adhesion properties and augment their invasive properties. α‐Actinin4 (ACTN4) is an actin crosslinking protein that responds to mechanical stimuli and is found to be elevated in breast cancer patients. While ACTN4 has been implicated in regulating cancer invasiveness by modulating cytoskeletal organization, its nuclear functions remain much less explored. Here we address this question by first establishing a correlation between nuclear localization and invasiveness in breast cancer cells. Using cancer databases, we then establish a correlation between ACTN4 expression and EMT in breast cancer. Interestingly, TGFβ‐induced EMT induction in MCF10A normal mammary epithelial cells leads to increased ACTN4 expression and nuclear enrichment. We then show that ACTN4 knockdown in MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells, which harbor sizeable fraction of nuclear ACTN4, leads to reduced invasiveness and loss of mesenchymal traits. Similar behavior was observed in knockdown cells expressing K255E ACTN4, which is primarily localized to the cytosol. Together, our findings establish a role for nuclear ACTN4 in regulating invasiveness via modulation of EMT.
Evaluation of Slope Position for Variable‐Rate Fertilization in Southern Alberta
Authors: Bremer Eric , McKenzie Ross , Pauly Doon 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSoil properties and crop yield vary with slope position in hummocky landscapes. Slope position is also readily mapped and thus potentially useful for delineating management zones for variable‐rate fertilization (VRF). Slope position was evaluated as a basis for VRF in southern Alberta, Canada. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Nutrient Management by reading the article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning‐Center/Courses.
Ozone‐Assisted Cu‐Based Catalysts for the Efficient Electro‐Reforming Glycerol to Formic Acid
Authors: Liu Yan , Zhao Liang , Fei Jiawei , Zhou Jun , Li Hongdong , Lai Jianping , Wang Lei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGlycerol electrooxidation reaction (GOR) to produce value‐added chemicals, such as formic acid, could make more efficient use of abundant glycerol and meet future demand for formic acid as a fuel for direct or indirect formic acid fuel cells. Non‐noble metal Cu‐based catalysts have great potential in electro‐reforming glycerol to formic acid. However, the high activity, selectivity and stability of Cu based catalysts in GOR cannot be achieved simultaneously. Here, we used ozone‐assisted electrocatalyst to convert glycerol to formic acid under alkaline conditions, the onset potential was reduced by 60 mV, the Faraday efficiency (FE) reached 95 %. The catalyst has excellent stability within 300 h at the current density of 10 mA cm−2. The electron spin resonance proved that ozone produced superoxide anion during the GOR. In situ Raman spectroscopy, electrochemical studies showed that glycerol can be activated with ozone in GOR, and the C−C bond can be broken to reduce the polymerization of glycerol on the catalyst surface, so as to produce more formic acid at a lower voltage. Moreover, the removal of dissolved O3 from water can be up to 100 % after 30 minutes of GOR reaction at a solubility of 50 mg L−1 as measured by UV‐VIS spectrophotometry.
Mobility‐aware modeling and evaluation of IoT systems using stochastic reward nets
Authors: Sanahmadi Arman , Abdollahi Azgomi Mohammad , Goudarzi Shidrokh , Haji Hosseini Mohammad Amin 
Published: August 2024

SummaryThe frequent geographical changes of mobile nodes in Internet of Things (IoT) systems affect communication, activities, and behaviors. In such scenarios, it is crucial to establish a system model capable of evaluating quality of service (QoS) measures. However, the existing formal modeling techniques pose complexities in modeling mobility. To deal with these challenges, this study aims to propose a model that simplifies the process of modeling mobility within IoT systems. This paper presents a method for modeling mobility within IoT systems by leveraging a widely recognized extension of stochastic Petri nets known as stochastic reward nets (SRNs). The proposed method enhances the SRN model by incorporating the location concept, resulting in a novel extension called mobile SRN (MSRN). In this work, a case study utilizes the MSRN to evaluate the suggested features, examining various scenarios and investigating the impact of factors such as environmental conditions, sensor sampling rate, and the permissible distance of the node from the sink.
A compact circularly polarized (CP) substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity‐backed antenna with controlled axial ratio
Authors: Patil Shankaragouda M. , Venkatesan Rajeshkumar 
Published: August 2024

SummaryA new circular cavity‐backed slot antenna, which produces unidirectional radiation patterns, has been developed for wireless communication systems. The antenna utilizes substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW) technology to create a low‐profile cavity. The metal cladding on top of the cavity has an engraved circular ring slot for radiation, and a microstrip transition feeding mechanism is used to excite the perturbed circular slot antenna element located away from the centre of the cavity. Two rectangular cuts, including slots and a shorted via probe, improve radiation performance and bandwidth matching by nearly −40 dB over the working frequency range. An optimized spacing of 0.6 mm is established between the patch centre and the input microstrip transition feed, which produces a circularly polarized (CP) wave. The antenna uses CP SIW technology to operate within a wide impedance bandwidth of 12.18% (10.02–11.31 GHz) below −10 dB and an ARBW of 320 MHz (10.40–10.72 GHz). Both experimental and simulated results agree on s‐parameters, and the antenna's gain, axial ratio, and radiation patterns are consistent. With 7.45 dB CP gain and planar integration, the antenna radiates unidirectional, making it suitable for lightweight wireless broadband applications.
Unsatisfactory Pap Test Results: A Critical Patient Management Problem Pre‐Analytically Addressed by the Cytopathology Laboratory
Authors: Gafeer Mohamad M. , Alperstein Susan , Appleby Robert , Carniello Jose‐Scarpa , Heymann Jonas J. , Goyal Abha , Siddiqui Momin T. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe unsatisfactory rate of Pap tests (PT) is an important quality assurance (QA) metric for a cytopathology laboratory. At our institution, an unsatisfactory PT slide is followed by a second ThinPrep (TP) slide. The aim of this study is to evaluate this QA practice.MethodsOur laboratory processes an unsatisfactory TP PT with a follow‐up second TP slide with or without glacial acetic acid. The correlation between the unsatisfactory rate and the second slide rate test was examined.ResultsA total of 2739 cases with a second TP slide were prepared for an unsatisfactory initial TP PT. After second slide preparation, 780 cases (28%) remained unsatisfactory. Using Spearman's rank correlation test, there was a notable negative correlation between the unsatisfactory rate and the second slide rate (rho = −0.42). Of those PTs recategorized as satisfactory TP, 1742 were negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM) (89%), 135 as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC‐US) (7%), 37 as low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) (1.9%), 11 as atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC‐H) (0.6%), 8 as high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) (0.4%), and 20 as atypical glandular cells (AGC) (1%). The final Bethesda categorization for all cases and the human papilloma virus (HPV) data was tabulated.ConclusionsA second slide preparation significantly reduced the unsatisfactory rate of the PT. This also had a significant impact by detecting clinically significant lesions. HPV testing can also be performed on slides reclassified from unsatisfactory to ASC‐US or higher.
Syntheses, Structures and Magnetism of Trinuclear Bimetallic MnIILnIIIMnII Complexes (Ln = La, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy and Er) with 2,6‐Dipicolinoylbis(N,N‐Diethylthiourea)
Authors: Thang Pham Chien , Hung Pham Dang , Dinh Le Canh , Ha Nguyen Thu , Hai Nguyen Minh , Matsumoto Kenji , Huy Nguyen Hung 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSelf‐assembled reactions of 2,6‐dipicolinoylbis(N,N‐diethylthiourea) (H2L) with Mn(CH3COO)2 ⋅ 4H2O and LnCl3, where Ln = La, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Er in MeOH lead to formation of stable trinuclear complexes of the composition [LnMn2(L)2(μ1,3‐CH3COO)2X] (MnIILnIIIMnII), where X− can be κ2‐CH3COO− or κ1‐CH3COO−. Single crystal X‐ray studies reveal their symmetric structures comprising one central Ln(III) ion, two terminal Mn(II) ions sandwiched by two doubly deprotonated ligands {L2−}. The magnetic properties of MnIILaIIIMnII and MnIIGdIIIMnII complexes are successfully simulated using symmetrical magnetic interaction models, giving the best fitted parameters: JMn‐Mn=−0.120(1) cm−1, gMn=1.99(1), TIP=4.45(7) ⋅ 10−4 cm3 mol−1 K for MnIILaIIIMnII and JGd‐Mn=0.042(1) cm−1, JMn‐Mn=−0.076(1) cm−1, gMn=1.96(1), gGd=2.01(1) and TIP=3.59(14) ⋅ 10−4 cm3 mol−1 K for MnIIGdIIIMnII complex. The magnetic interactions between the Mn(II) and Ln(III) ions in the other MnIILnIIIMnII complexes are studied by comparing their χM values to the sum of χM values of the MnIILaIIIMnII and the analogous ZnIILnIIIZnII complexes. The MnIIErIIIMnII complex reveals a strong ferromagnetic interaction, while the Sm, Nd, Gd and Dy complexes show weak ferromagnetic interactions.
The transportation for cohesive bank‐collapsed materials in a straight channel with the prospect of climate change
Authors: Liu Haifei , Duan Guosheng , Cheng Li 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe transportation of bank‐collapsed materials is a key issue among river evolution processes. In this study, a series of flume experiments were conducted to monitor riverbank collapse processes and to explore the regularity of transportation for cohesive collapsed materials in the straight channel adapting to climate change conditions. The collapsed materials, both the bed and suspended loads, that transformed from collapsed materials were intensively evaluated under experimental conditions. The results showed that the collapsed materials contributed to 12% ˜ 20% sedimentation in situ, 8% ˜ 14% suspended loads and 70% ˜ 80% bed loads. In addition, the bed load motion efficiency coefficient (eb), suspended load motion efficiency coefficient (es) and sediment carrying capacity factor (U3/gRω) were introduced to describe the transportation of collapsed materials in terms of energy dissipation. This research provides theoretical and practical benefits for predicting channel evolution processes.
Mass flash reduction strategies in friction stir processing of aluminum alloys: A review
Authors: Marazani Tawanda , Jeje Samson Olaitan , Shongwe Mxolisi Brendon , Malatji Nicholus 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFriction Stir Processing (FSP) has become a famous solid‐state technology for the fabrication of a wide range of aluminum alloy‐based composites that today find multiple applications across the various metal industries. Generation of revolving, ribbon, bulk, excessive or mass flash as it is generally termed has been a common problem in numerous FSP works. When confronted by this challenge, many researchers apply different experimental and numerical modeling approaches or strategies to reduce the mass flash to practically acceptable limits since it often leads to undesirable loss of material and is also an unwanted defect. This subject is deficiently reviewed, and it therefore becomes the thrust of this paper, to investigate the common trends in mass flash generation during FSP and its commonly employed reduction strategies. Mass flash is caused by high rotational speed at low travel speed and vice versa, flat shoulder, no and low tilt angles, high plunge depth, axial force, and travel force. Mass flash causes material loss, loss of volume fraction control target, material thinning, and leads to poor quality fabrications. Mass flash reduction strategies include the use of high tool tilt angles, concaved tool shoulder, proportional rotational speed and travel speed, and optimal plunge depth, axial force and travel speed as supported by both the experimental and numerical modeling studies.
Corrosion in laser powder bed fusion AlSi10Mg alloy
Authors: Laieghi Hossein , Kvvssn Varma , Butt Muhammad Muteeb , Ansari Peyman , Salamci Metin U. , Patterson Albert E. , Salamci Elmas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAluminum alloy AlSi10Mg is a widely used engineering material that offers a very high strength‐to‐weight ratio and easy processing. It is common in the aerospace, medical, and automotive industries and has excellent machining and casting properties, as well as being easily made into fine powder. In recent years, it has become one of the most common light‐weight materials for additive manufacturing (AM). Its chemical composition and stability in powder form make it particularly ideal for laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) applications. It is one of the few available aluminum alloys that can be reliably processed using AM. Numerous studies have been dedicated to mechanical properties and design strategies, but much less attention has been given to corrosion behavior. This article reviews the corrosion behavior and the correlation between the microstructure and corrosion for AlSi10Mg when fabricated using an LPBF process. Specific topics reviewed include corrosion performance, corrosion issues (pores, surface roughness, and residual stresses), and passive film formation mechanisms and compare these to conventionally‐manufactured counterparts. In addition, this review discusses available methods for mitigating and avoiding corrosion in LPBF‐processed AlSi10Mg parts, including relevant post‐processing methods.
Runoff–sediment dynamics and degradation patterns in an abandoned terraced landscape on the Loess Plateau
Authors: Fang Xuan , Peng Mingguo , Yan Yanzi , Xu Xia , Na Jiaming 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTerracing is an important measure to conserve water and soil on the Loess Plateau. Previous studies have showed that due to extreme rainstorms and a lack of maintenance, loess terraces have experienced degradation predominantly as collapses and sinkholes. Investigating the hydrological processes associated with terrace degradation is vital to understand terrace degradation mechanisms and maintain terraced landscape sustainability. Using a high‐resolution digital elevation model (DEM) based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)remote sensing, as well as SIMulated Water Erosion (SIMWE) model, we explored the runoff–sediment dynamics on the terraced slopes on the Loess Plateau under rainstorm conditions and the terrace degradation patterns. The results showed that the dominant longitudinal water flow between terrace steps and converging lateral water flow along terrace surfaces indicate terrace ridge collapses and terrace surface sinkholes, respectively. Damaged areas exhibit high sediment flux and erosion potential. The water dynamics and degradation pattern were influenced by the original slope topography and terrace morphology. Specifically, most damages are distributed on concave slopes with concentrated water flow. In narrow terraces, under scattered longitudinal water flow, the dominant damages are ordinary collapses and the overall terraced topography tends to degrade into natural slopes. In wide terraces, concentrated longitudinal and well‐developed transverse water flows form a basic degradation pattern dominated by sinkhole‐induced collapses. This study verified the feasibility of SIMWE‐based hydrological simulation in assessing the degradation pattern of terraces on the Loess Plateau and demonstrated its potential for spatial scales and complex scenarios through compared with the soil moisture content (SMC)‐based method. The study concluded that the dominant runoff paths under the constraints of slope microtopography control the terrace degradation patterns. Our findings can serve as a theoretical basis for predicting hydrological hazards on terraces on the Loess Plateau and conducting a scientific design of terraces.