bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Surface‐Area Nitrogen‐Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide for Electric Double‐Layer Capacitors
Authors: Youn Hee‐Chang , Bak Seong‐Min , Kim Myeong‐Seong , Jaye Cherno , Fischer Daniel A. , Lee Chang‐Wook , Yang Xiao‐Qing , Roh Kwang Chul , Kim Kwang‐Bum 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA two‐step method consisting of solid‐state microwave irradiation and heat treatment under NH3 gas was used to prepare nitrogen‐doped reduced graphene oxide (N‐RGO) with a high specific surface area (1007 m2 g−1), high electrical conductivity (1532 S m−1), and low oxygen content (1.5 wt %) for electrical double‐layer capacitor applications. The specific capacitance of N‐RGO was 291 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1, and a capacitance of 261 F g−1 was retained at 50 A g−1, which indicated a very good rate capability. N‐RGO also showed excellent cycling stability and preserved 96 % of the initial specific capacitance after 100 000 cycles. Near‐edge X‐ray absorption fine‐structure spectroscopy results provided evidenced for the recovery of π conjugation in the carbon networks with the removal of oxygenated groups and revealed chemical bonding of the nitrogen atoms in N‐RGO. The good electrochemical performance of N‐RGO is attributed to its high surface area, high electrical conductivity, and low oxygen content.
Interconnected Co‐Entrapped, N‐Doped Carbon Nanotube Film as Active Hydrogen Evolution Cathode over the Whole pH Range
Authors: Xing Zhicai , Liu Qian , Xing Wei , Asiri Abdullah M. , Sun Xuping 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe use of electrocatalysts with low metal content (metal‐deficient) or metal free for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) can prevent or decrease metal ion release, which reduces environmental impact; development of such catalysts with high activity and durability over the whole pH range is thus highly desired but still remains a huge challenge. Herein, we describe the direct growth of a film consisting of interconnected Co‐entrapped, N‐doped carbon nanotubes on carbon cloth using chemical vapor deposition from dicyanodiamine using a Co3O4 nanowire array as catalyst. This integrated architecture is used as a flexible 3D electrode for the electrolytic hydrogen evolution with outstanding catalytic activity and durability in acidic media. Moreover, this electrode is also highly efficient under neutral and basic conditions. It offers us an attractive carbon‐based metal‐deficient HER catalyst outperforming most transition‐metal and all metal‐free/deficient catalysts.
Optimization of the cytokine secretion assay for human IL‐2 in single and combination assays
Authors: Deng Nan , Mosmann Tim R. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe cytokine secretion assay identifies live cytokine‐secreting cells by capturing the secreted cytokine on a surface‐bound capture antibody in dilute suspension culture, followed by detection with a fluorescent anti‐cytokine antibody. However, examining the kinetics of cytokine detection revealed that IL‐2 staining reached a maximum at early times and then declined, whereas staining for other cytokines including interferon (IFNγ) increased for up to 90 min. The decline in IL‐2 staining could have been due to rapid cessation of cytokine synthesis, coupled with internalization of cytokine/antibody complexes from the cell surface. Consistent with this model, addition of the anti‐IL‐2 detection antibody during the cytokine secretion step resulted in higher and more sustained staining. This modified method enhanced staining of IL‐2 and IL‐4, but not IFNγ, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), or IL‐5. However, the longer secretion times possible in the modified assay also improved detection of other cytokines in multi‐cytokine combinations. © 2015 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Template‐Free Synthesis of Three‐Dimensional Nanoporous Bulk Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Remarkably Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity and Good Separation Properties
Authors: Shen Jianchao , Yang Hui , Shen Qianhong , Feng Yu , Cai Qifeng , Yang Huiying 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA facile template‐free method is presented for the fabrication of three‐dimensional (3D) nanoporous bulk graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) with an interconnected framework. Various techniques, namely, X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, elemental analysis, specific surface area measurements (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method), UV/Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, time‐resolved fluorescence decay spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and photoelectrochemical measurements, were adopted to analyze the structures and physicochemical properties of the as‐prpared samples. The results show that the nanoporous bulk g‐C3N4 with a particle size of ca. 20 μm exhibits a high specific surface area, which is ca. 30.9 times higher than that of the original material. The g‐C3N4 with such a structure exhibits an improved adsorption capacity for the target pollutants and is readily separable from the photocatalysis reaction system. It is believed that a two‐step protonation process plays a key role in the formation of the structure. Furthermore, this 3D nanoporous bulk g‐C3N4 also shows more‐efficient photogenerated carrier transfer and separation. As a result, the visible‐light photocatalytic activity of g‐C3N4 is significantly enhanced, and the degradation rates of methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine B (RhB) dyes over the nanoporous bulk g‐C3N4 are ca. 5.0 and 22.3 times higher, respectively, than that over the original material.
Synthesis and Selective N,O‐Functionalization of Pyrazolone‐Fused 3‐Aminoazepinones
Authors: Schurgers Ben , Van Lommen Guy , Verniest Guido 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA new class of pyrazolone‐fused 3‐amino‐1,3,4,7‐tetrahydro‐2H‐azepin‐2‐ones was synthesized from azepane‐based α,β‐unsaturated esters. The latter compounds were obtained efficiently from 2‐Cbz‐amino‐N‐(2‐bromoallyl)‐4‐pentenamide derivatives through initial Pd‐catalyzed methoxycarbonylation followed by ring‐closing metathesis. These new 3‐aminotetrahydroazepinone esters were condensed with hydrazine and oxidized under mild conditions using CuCl2. The resulting bicyclic pyrazolones were transformed into valuable building blocks for medicinal chemistry through O‐triflation and through selective N‐1‐ and O‐alkylation of the pyrazolone core using (bis)electrophiles.
Analysis of post–transoral robotic‐assisted surgery hemorrhage: Frequency, outcomes, and prevention
Authors: Mandal Rajarsi , Duvvuri Umamaheswar , Ferris Robert L. , Kaffenberger Thomas M. , Choby Garret W. , Kim Seungwon 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundTransoral robotic‐assisted surgery (TORS) carries a small, but not insignificant, risk of life‐threatening postsurgical hemorrhage. The purpose of this study was to analyze all post‐TORS hemorrhagic events at our institution to establish preventative recommendations.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of 224 consecutive patients who underwent TORS for any indication at a single tertiary care institution.ResultsTwenty‐two patients (n = 22; 9.82%) had varying degrees of postoperative bleeding. An impaired ability to protect the airway at the time of hemorrhage increased the rate of severe complications. Prophylactic transcervical arterial ligation did not significantly decrease overall postoperative bleeding rates (9.1% vs 9.9%; p = 1.00); however, there was a trend toward decreased hemorrhage severity in prophylactically ligated patients (3.0% vs 7.3%; p = .7040).ConclusionProphylactic transcervical arterial ligation may reduce the incidence of severe bleeding following TORS. Post‐TORS patients displaying an inability to protect the airway should be strongly considered for prophylactic tracheostomy to assist airway protection. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E776–E782, 2016
Comparison of quality of life between open and endoscopic thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Lee Myung Chul , Park Hoon , Lee Byeong‐Cheol , Lee Guk‐Haeng , Choi Ik Joon 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundRecently, various endoscopic thyroidectomy techniques have been introduced for cosmetic purposes. However, few reports have compared the quality of life (QOL) between post–endoscopic thyroidectomy and post–conventional open thyroidectomy. In this study, we investigated whether endoscopic thyroidectomy was comparable to conventional open thyroidectomy with respect to QOL.MethodsBetween January 2010 and September 2011, 75 patients underwent endoscopic thyroid lobectomy and 233 patients underwent conventional open thyroid lobectomy. The QOL was assessed preoperatively and at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively by using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire‐Core 30‐question (EORTC‐QLQ‐C30) instruments.ResultsBoth groups showed similar changes over time in most of the QOL scales. However, patients who underwent endoscopic thyroidectomy showed significantly greater improvement in emotional function at 1 month (p = .039) and physical function at 3 months (p = .032). However, the pain increased more in the patients who underwent endoscopic thyroidectomy at 1 month (p = .042).ConclusionCurrent findings suggest that endoscopic thyroidectomy may offer more rapid recovery of emotional and physical function than open thyroidectomy. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E827–E831, 2016
Intraoral lining with the fibular osteomyofascial flap without a skin paddle during maxillary and mandibular reconstruction
Authors: Fan Song , Wang You‐yuan , Wu Dong‐hui , Lai Dong‐li , Feng Yu‐huan , Yu Xin , Lin Zhao‐yu , Zhang Da‐ming , Chen Wei‐liang , Liang Jian‐qiang , Li Jin‐song 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundTo achieve an ideal intraoral lining, we harvest the fibular osteomyofascial flap to avoid the common embarrassment caused by the fibular osteomyocutaneous flap, and we report on our experience with this technique in this article.MethodsTwenty‐eight patients underwent reconstruction of the maxilla and mandible using an osteomyofascial free fibula flap after oncologic ablation. Data, including the size of the fascial flaps, the number of debulking operations, the complications at both the donor and recipient sites, and the dental rehabilitation, were collected.ResultsAll fascial flaps survived and were remucosalized, except one with partial necrosis. None of the patients in the osteomyofascial group required an additional debulking operation, and 82% of the patients (23 of 28) had conventional dentures and showed good chewing function and cosmetic results.ConclusionThe fibular osteomyofascial flap yielded a more anatomic solution for oral mucosal defects, obviating the need for additional debulking and potentially reducing donor‐site wound problems. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E832–E836, 2016
Translational treatment paradigm for managing non‐unions secondary to radiation injury utilizing adipose derived stem cells and angiogenic therapy
Authors: Donneys Alexis , Blough Jordan T. , Nelson Noah S. , Perosky Joseph E. , Deshpande Sagar S. , Kang Stephen Y. , Felice Peter A. , Figueredo Christian , Peterson Jonathan R. , Kozloff Kenneth M. , Levi Benjamin , Chepeha Douglas B. , Buchman Steven R. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundBony non‐unions arising in the aftermath of collateral radiation injury are commonly managed with vascularized free tissue transfers. Unfortunately, these procedures are invasive and fraught with attendant morbidities. This study investigated a novel, alternative treatment paradigm utilizing adipose‐derived stem cells (ASCs) combined with angiogenic deferoxamine (DFO) in the rat mandible.MethodsRats were exposed to a bioequivalent dose of radiation and mandibular osteotomy. Those exhibiting non‐unions were subsequently treated with surgical debridement alone or debridement plus combination therapy. Radiographic and biomechanical outcomes were assessed after healing.ResultsSignificant increases in biomechanical strength and radiographic metrics were observed in response to combination therapy (p < .05). Importantly, combined therapy enabled a 65% reduction in persisting non‐unions when compared to debridement alone.ConclusionWe support the continued investigation of this promising combination therapy in its potential translation for the management of radiation‐induced bony pathology. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E837–E843, 2016
Optimal timing of first posttreatment FDG PET/CT in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Leung Alan S. , Rath Tanya J. , Hughes Marion A. , Kim Seungwon , Branstetter Barton F. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal timing for the initial posttreatment fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT scan after definitive treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is unclear.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of 247 patients with definitively treated nonmetastatic HNSCC. First posttreatment PET/CT scans were grouped into: <7 weeks, 7 to 10 weeks, 11 to 14 weeks, and ≥15 weeks. Scans were categorized as positive or negative and accuracy of scans was calculated for each group using biopsy, subsequent imaging, or clinical follow‐up for 1 year after treatment as a reference standard.ResultsSixty‐seven of the 247 patients (27.1%) had treatment failure. Scans performed at <7 weeks were less accurate than all other time intervals (p < .05). Scans performed at all other intervals were similar in accuracy.ConclusionFirst posttreatment PET/CT can be obtained as early as 2 months after therapy. Scans performed earlier than 2 months have lower accuracy. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E853–E858, 2016
Prognostic significance of lymph node density in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue
Authors: Ong Wilson , Zhao Runfeng , Lui Benjamin , Tan Winson , Ebrahimi Ardalan , Clark Jonathan R. , Soo Khee‐Chee , Tan Ngian‐Chye , Tan Hiang‐Khoon , Iyer N. Gopalakrishna 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe prognostic significance of lymph node density in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been well recognized. However, its use in a specific subsite of the tongue has not been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic significance of lymph node density in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).MethodsA retrospective analysis of 99 patients with tongue SCC who underwent primary curative resection and neck dissection was conducted. Overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) was used to evaluate the prognostic significance of lymph node density.ResultsLymph node density (using a cutoff of 0.06) was shown to be an independent predictor of OS and DSS. The impact of lymph node density on OS and DSS remained significant on multivariate analysis, whereas conventional nodal staging was not. An alternative staging strategy incorporating depth of invasion and lymph node density performs better than conventional TNM staging in predicting survival.ConclusionOur data suggest that lymph node density is a reliable and applicable predictor of prognosis in patients with tongue SCC. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E859–E866, 2016
Biased Facial Expression Interpretation in Shy Children
Authors: Kokin Jessica , Younger Alastair , Gosselin Pierre , Vaillancourt Tracy 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe relationship between shyness and the interpretations of the facial expressions of others was examined in a sample of 123 children aged 12 to 14 years. Participants viewed faces displaying happiness, fear, anger, disgust, sadness, surprise, as well as a neutral expression, presented on a computer screen. The children identified each expression by pressing a button on an external keyboard. For each expression, children also rated (a) the degree to which they felt the child displaying the expression would like them, (b) the probability that someone at school would look at them with that expression, and (c) their own emotional reaction to interacting with a child displaying the expression. Participants also completed the Children's Shyness Questionnaire and the Children's Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire. We hypothesized that shyness in children would be related to negatively biased interpretations of facial expressions. Although the accuracy with which the children could identify the facial expressions was not related to their degree of shyness, negative biases were found in their interpretations of the meanings of the expressions. Furthermore, rejection sensitivity significantly mediated many of these biased interpretations. These findings may have implications for interventions for children experiencing shyness and social anxiety, especially social‐skills training approaches. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of novel CD8+ T cell epitopes in human herpesvirus 6B U11 and U90
Authors: Halawi Mustafa , Khan Naeem , Blake Neil 
Published: April 2015

AbstractHuman herpesvirus 6B (HHV6B) infects over 90% of the population, and normally establishes a latent infection, where episodes of reactivation are asymptomatic. However, in immunocompromised patients HHV6B reactivation is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Cellular immunotherapy has been utilised against other herpesvirus in immunocompromised settings. However, limited information on the immune response against HHV6B has hampered the development of immunotherapy for HHV6B‐driven disease. In this study, we have analysed the cellular immune response against four HHV6B antigens in a panel of 30 healthy donors. We show that the base‐line level of T cell reactivity in peripheral blood is very low to undetectable. A short‐term reactivation step enabled expansion of T cell responses, and all donors responded to at least 1 antigen, but more commonly 3 or 4. A hierarchy of immunogenicity was determined with antigens U90 and U54 being co‐dominant, followed by U11 and U39. Putative CD8+ T cell epitopes were mapped to U90 and U11, predicted to be presented in the context of HLA‐A1, A29, B39 and C6. T cells reactive against these novel epitopes were able to recognise virus‐infected cells. Our data is supportive of the application and on‐going development of T cell immunotherapy against HHVB‐driven disease in the immunocompromised host.
PSYCHOMETRICS OF THE PRESCHOOL BEHAVIORAL AND EMOTIONAL RATING SCALE WITH CHILDREN FROM EARLY CHILDHOOD SPECIAL EDUCATION SETTINGS
Authors: Lambert Matthew C. , Cress Cynthia J. , Epstein Michael H. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTIn a previous study with a nationally representative sample, researchers found that the items of the Preschool Behavioral and Emotional Rating Scale can best be described by a four‐factor structure model (Emotional Regulation, School Readiness, Social Confidence, and Family Involvement). The findings of this investigation replicate and extend these previous results with a national sample of children (N = 1,075) with disabilities enrolled in early childhood special education programs. Data were analyzed using classical tests theory, Rasch modeling, and confirmatory factor analysis. Results confirmed that for the most part, individual items were internally consistent within a four‐factor model and showed consistent item difficulty, discrimination, and fit relative to their respective subscale scores.
Uric Acid Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation and Inhibits Adipogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Li Hui‐Zhang , Chen Zhi , Hou Cang‐Long , Tang Yi‐Xing , Wang Fei , Fu Qing‐Ge 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTTo investigate the effect of uric acid on the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). The hBMSCs were isolated from bone marrow of six healthy donors. Cell morphology was observed by microscopy and cell surface markers (CD44 and CD34) of hBMSCs were analyzed by immunofluorescence. Cell morphology and immunofluorescence analysis showed that hBMSCs were successfully isolated from bone marrow. The number of hBMSCs in uric acid groups was higher than that in the control group on day 3, 4, and 5. Alizarin red staining showed that number of calcium nodules in uric acid groups was more than that of the control group. Oil red‐O staining showed that the number of red fat vacuoles decreased with the increased concentration of uric acid. In summary, uric acid could promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs while inhibit adipogenic differentiation of hBMSCs.
Undifferentiated Neuroblastoma Cells Are More Sensitive to Photogenerated Oxidative Stress Than Differentiated Cells
Authors: Lee Chu‐I , Perng Jing‐Huei , Chen Huang‐Yo , Hong Yi‐Ren , Wang Jyh‐Jye 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTNeuroblastoma is one of the most aggressive cancers and has a complex form of differentiation. We hypothesized that advanced cellular differentiation may alter the susceptibility of neuroblastoma to photodynamic treatment (PDT) and confer selective survival advantage. We demonstrated that hematoporphyrin uptake by undifferentiated SH‐SY5Y cells was lower than that of differentiated counterparts, yet the former were more susceptible to PDT‐induced oxidative stress killing. Photogenerated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in undifferentiated cells efficiently stimulated cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, mitochondrial apoptotic pathway activation, the sustained phosphorylation of Akt/GSK‐3β and ERK. Differentiated cells with more resistance to PDT exhibited a ROS‐independent and a prolonged activation of ERK. Both SH‐SY5Y cells exposed to PDT exhibited ROS‐independent p38 and JNK activation. These results may have important implications for neuroblastoma patients undergoing photodynamic therapy. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 2074–2085, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sarcopenia, obesity and sarcopenic obesity: effects on liver function and volume in patients scheduled for major liver resection
Authors: Lodewick Toine M. , Roeth Anjali A.J. , Olde Damink Steven W.M. , Alizai Patrick H. , van Dam Ronald M. , Gassler Nikolaus , Schneider Mark , Dello Simon A.W.G. , Schmeding Maximilian , Dejong Cornelis H.C. , Neumann Ulf P. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundSarcopenia, obesity and sarcopenic obesity have been linked to impaired outcome after liver surgery. Preoperative liver function of sarcopenic, obese and sarcopenic‐obese patients might be reduced, possibly leading to more post‐operative morbidity. The aim of this study was to explore whether liver function and volume were influenced by body composition in patients undergoing liver resection.MethodsIn 2011 and 2012, all consecutive patients undergoing the methacetin breath liver function test were included. Liver volumetry and muscle mass analysis were performed using preoperative CT scans and Osirix® software. Muscle mass and body‐fat% were calculated. Predefined cut‐off values for sarcopenia and the top two body‐fat% quintiles were used to identify sarcopenia and obesity, respectively. Histologic assessment of the resected liver gave insight in background liver disease.ResultsA total number of 80 patients were included. Liver function and volume were comparable in sarcopenic(‐obese) and non‐sarcopenic(‐obese) patients. Obese patients showed significantly reduced liver function [295 (95–508) vs. 358 (96–684) µg/kg/h, P = 0.018] and a trend towards larger liver size [1694 (1116–2685) vs. 1533 (869–2852) mL, P = 0.079] compared with non‐obese patients. Weight (r = −0.40), body surface area (r = −0.32), estimated body‐fat% (r = −0.43) and body mass index (r = −0.47) showed a weak but significant negative (all P < 0.05) correlation with liver function. Moreover, body‐fat% was identified as an independent factor negatively affecting the liver function.ConclusionSarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity did not seem to influence liver size and function negatively. However, obese patients had larger, although less functional, livers, indicating dissociation of liver function and volume in these patients.