bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preneutropenic Fever in Patients With Hematological Malignancies: A Novel Target for Antimicrobial Stewardship
Authors: Chiodo-Reidy Jessica , Slavin Monica A , Tio Shio Yen , Ng Gywneth , Bajel Ashish , Thursky Karin A , Douglas Abby P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Many patients with hematological malignancy develop fever after chemotherapy/conditioning but before chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (preneutropenic fever [PNF]). The proportion of PNF with an infectious etiology is not well established.

Methods
We conducted a single-center, prospective observational substudy of PNF (neutrophils &gt;0.5 cells/μL, ≥38.0°C) in adults receiving acute myeloid leukemia (AML) chemotherapy, or allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (allo-HCT) conditioning enrolled in a neutropenic fever randomized controlled trial between 1 January and 31 October 2018. Eligible patients had anticipated neutropenia ≥10 days and exclusions included concurrent infection and/or neutropenia prior to chemotherapy or conditioning. PNF rates and infections encountered were described. Associations between noninfectious etiologies and fever were explored. Antimicrobial therapy prescription across preneutropenic and neutropenic periods was examined.

Results
Of 62 consecutive patients included (43 allo-HCT, 19 AML), 27 had PNF (44%) and 5 (19%) had an infective cause. Among allo-HCT, PNF occurred in 14 of 17 (82%) who received thymoglobulin; only 1 of 14 (7%) had infection. During AML chemotherapy, 18 of 19 received cytarabine, of which 8 of 18 (44%) had PNF and 3 of 8 (38%) had infection. Most patients with PNF had antimicrobial therapy continued into the neutropenic period (19/27 [70%]). Those with PNF were more likely to be escalated to broader antimicrobial therapy at onset/during neutropenic fever (5/24 [21%] vs 2/30 [7%]).

Conclusions
Rates of PNF were high, and documented infection low, leading to prolonged and escalating antimicrobial therapy. In the absence of infection, early cessation of empiric therapy after PNF is recommended as an important stewardship intervention.
Acute massive posterior stroke with tonsillar herniation in a scuba diver
Authors: Algaly Gufran , Ahmed Sara M I , Abdelrahman Amro , Elgassim Mohamad Abdelgadir , Parveen Ayesha 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A transient female passenger in her 40s presented to the emergency department (ED) exhibiting drowsiness post-scuba diving. Despite normal initial vitals, she reported dizziness, sleepiness, and occipital headache. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed a severe posterior circulation acute infarction affecting various brain regions, resulting in significant mass effects and complications like 4th ventricle compression, cerebellar tonsillar herniation, and hydrocephalus. Extensive diagnostic tests, blood workup, and stroke evaluations revealed normal findings, except for an incidental patent foramen ovale (PFO). Collaboration with neurosurgery led to her transfer for life-saving extraventricular drain (EVD) insertion and posterior fossa decompression. Treatment included right-side EVD insertion, suboccipital craniectomy, and foramen magnum decompression. Postoperatively, she was extubated the next day, alert, without focal neurological deficits. Upon EVD removal, a repeat CT head scan showed regression of mass effect. She was discharged home safely after 16 days, fully ambulating.
A lipid synthase maintains metabolic flux for jasmonate synthesis to regulate root growth and phosphate homeostasis
Authors: Pandey Mandavi , Verma Lokesh , Kohli Pawandeep Singh , Singh Bhagat , Kochi Abhijith , Giri Jitender 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Plants require phosphate (Pi) for proper growth and development but often face scarcity of this vital nutrient in the soil. Pi starvation triggers membrane lipid remodeling to utilize the membrane phospholipid-bound Pi in plants. In this process, phospholipids are replaced by non-Pi-containing galactolipids (monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, MGDG; digalactosyldiacylglycerol, DGDG) and sulfolipids. The galactolipids ratio (MGDG:DGDG) is suggested to influence jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis. However, how the MGDG:DGDG ratio, JA levels, and root growth are coordinated under Pi deficiency in rice (Oryza sativa) remains unknown. Here, we characterized DGDG synthase 1 (OsDGD1) for its role in regulating root development by maintaining metabolic flux for JA biosynthesis. We showed that OsDGD1 is responsive under low Pi and is under the direct control of Phosphate Starvation Response 2, the master regulator of low Pi adaptations. Further, OsDGD1 knockout (KO) lines showed marked phenotypic differences compared to the wild type, including a significant reduction in root length and biomass, leading to reduced Pi uptake. Further, lipidome analyses revealed reduced DGDG levels in the KO line, leading to reduced membrane remodeling, thus affecting P utilization efficiency. We also observed an increase in the MGDG:DGDG ratio in KO lines, which enhanced the endogenous JA levels and signaling. This imbalance of JA in KO plants led to changes in auxin levels, causing drastic root growth inhibition. These findings indicate the critical role of OsDGD1 in maintaining optimum levels of JA during Pi deficiency for conducive root growth. Besides acting as signaling molecules and structural components, our study widens the role of lipids as metabolic flux controllers for phytohormone biosynthesis.
PSInet: a new global water potential network
Authors: Restrepo-Acevedo Ana Maria , Guo Jessica S , Kannenberg Steven A , Benson Michael C , Beverly Daniel , Diaz Renata , Anderegg William R L , Johnson Daniel M , Koch George , Konings Alexandra G , Lowman Lauren E L , Martínez-Vilalta Jordi , Poyatos Rafael , Schenk H Jochen , Matheny Ashley M , McCulloh Katherine A , Nippert Jesse B , Oliveira Rafael S , Novick Kimberly 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Given the pressing challenges posed by climate change, it is crucial to develop a deeper understanding of the impacts of escalating drought and heat stress on terrestrial ecosystems and the vital services they offer. Soil and plant water potential play a pivotal role in governing the dynamics of water within ecosystems and exert direct control over plant function and mortality risk during periods of ecological stress. However, existing observations of water potential suffer from significant limitations, including their sporadic and discontinuous nature, inconsistent representation of relevant spatio-temporal scales and numerous methodological challenges. These limitations hinder the comprehensive and synthetic research needed to enhance our conceptual understanding and predictive models of plant function and survival under limited moisture availability. In this article, we present PSInet (PSI—for the Greek letter Ψ used to denote water potential), a novel collaborative network of researchers and data, designed to bridge the current critical information gap in water potential data. The primary objectives of PSInet are as follows. (i) Establishing the first openly accessible global database for time series of plant and soil water potential measurements, while providing important linkages with other relevant observation networks. (ii) Fostering an inclusive and diverse collaborative environment for all scientists studying water potential in various stages of their careers. (iii) Standardizing methodologies, processing and interpretation of water potential data through the engagement of a global community of scientists, facilitated by the dissemination of standardized protocols, best practices and early career training opportunities. (iv) Facilitating the use of the PSInet database for synthesizing knowledge and addressing prominent gaps in our understanding of plants’ physiological responses to various environmental stressors. The PSInet initiative is integral to meeting the fundamental research challenge of discerning which plant species will thrive and which will be vulnerable in a world undergoing rapid warming and increasing aridification.
Seedborne Fungal Detection Differs with Seed Assay Method, and Fungal Diversity and Abundance Are Impacted by Fungicide Treatment, Harvest Timing, and Storage Environment
Authors: Batzer Jean Carlson , Shirazi Amin , Gill Daniel , Platner-Heidt Evelyn , Nicolaus Karl , Bray Alex , Mohan Karthika , Mathew Febina M. , Mueller Daren S. 
Published: August 2024

Previous studies have shown that foliar fungicides increase the abundance of Diaporthe spp. in mature soybean seeds, thereby reducing seed quality and potentially increasing seedling, stem, and pod disease in subsequent plantings. To mitigate this, we examined a fungicide containing mefentrifluconazole, fluxapyroxad, and pyraclostrobin applied during the R3 growth stage. We compared the seedborne fungal community from soybeans harvested at full maturity and 2 to 3 weeks later to assess fungal colonization. Six trials were conducted in Iowa and South Dakota in 2021 and 2022. Asymptomatic, recently harvested seed was assayed using either an agar-plate or a seed-blotter test, and the results were compared. The agar-plate method involved disinfesting seeds in sodium hypochlorite and ethanol and then transferring them to acidified water agar plates. Fungal isolates were identified using morphology and DNA sequences. This method detected 562 fungal isolates from 25 species and 14 genera. Dry conditions reduced seed infection, but a 2-week delay in harvest increased the likelihood of Alternaria and Cercospora infection in nontreated controls. The seed-blotter test involved disinfesting seeds, placing them on blotter paper, and incubating them. This assay detected higher numbers of fungal infected seed, with Aspergillus as the dominant genus. Storage conditions significantly impacted fungal presence, with more Aspergillus in seeds stored in a shed than in the cooler. Both assay methods showed that the fungicide treatment reduced the number of seeds infected with Alternaria, Cercospora, and Aspergillus. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in women and its association with level of independent physical activity combined with sedentary behavior
Authors: Carvalho Elaine Silvia , Silva Luís Gustavo Alves , Zullo Sérgio Antônio , Damião Renata 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity and its association with the level of physical activity, alone and combined with sedentary behavior.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was performed. The sample was composed of 317 women aged between 24 and 59 years. Sarcopenic obesity was determined by the coexistence of sarcopenia (reduced muscle mass and strength) and obesity (% fat). Dual-energy x-ray absorption was used to evaluate muscle mass and % fat, with cutoff points of <15 kg and <31.71%, respectively. Strength was assessed by the handgrip test, with a cutoff point of <21.68 kg. Levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior were assessed using the long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Individuals who did not achieve 150 minutes per week of physical activity were considered insufficiently active. The cutoff point for sedentary behavior was determined based on the 75th percentile (480 min/wk), considering excessive sedentary behavior (≥75th percentile) and low/moderate sedentary behavior (<75th percentile).

Results
The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity was 7.9% (95% CI, 4.9-10.8). Sarcopenic obesity was associated with the general physical activity level (odds ratio, 3.96; 95% CI, 1.32-11.8) and being insufficiently active together with low/moderate sedentary behavior (odds ratio, 4.88; 95% CI, 1.49-16.0).

Conclusions
There was the presence of sarcopenic obesity in adult women which was associated with the level of general physical activity, alone and combined with sedentary behavior.
A Compendium of Radiation Safety Practices That Can Complement Organizational Worker Well-being Initiatives
Authors: Emery R. J. , Gutierrez J. M. , Zwick M. K. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Organizations are learning that efforts to protect the health and safety of their workers from risks both at work and outside of work yield great dividends in the form of increased productivity, morale, and reduced healthcare costs. This realization has given rise to a variety of worker well-being initiatives that span far beyond the typical boundaries of traditional workplace health and safety programs. Examples include providing information and services on diet, exercise, personal habits, and mental health issues. Interestingly, the radiation safety profession has been historically involved with a series of progressive worker well-being practices that perhaps are not fully appreciated by the broader well-being community. These include the ability to comprehensively track occupational doses, training regarding doses arising from outside the workplace (such as medical procedures and environmental exposures), and fetal protection policies, to name a few. Described here is the shift in perspective from health and safety merely for the workplace to a more holistic approach, but the degree to which the actions may be implemented varies. Included then is a compendium of radiation safety practices that may be possibly folded into the discussion of larger organizational well-being efforts.
INFERIOR RETINAL DETACHMENT REPAIR USING VITRECTOMY WITH OR WITHOUT SCLERAL BUCKLING
Authors: Hébert Mélanie , Garneau Jérôme , Doukkali Sihame , You Eunice , Bourgault Serge , Caissie Mathieu , Tourville Éric , Dirani Ali 
Published: August 2024

Purpose:
To compare outcomes in inferior rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair using pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) or PPV with scleral buckle (PPV-SB).

Methods:
Patients who underwent surgery for inferior RRD at a tertiary care center between 2014 and 2018 were included. Inferior RRD was defined as RD with tears between 4:00 and 8:00 clock hours in a detached retina. Non-RRD etiologies (e.g., traumatic, tractional), proliferative vitreoretinopathy grade ≥C2, and silicone oil use were excluded. Single-surgery anatomic success was defined as the absence of reoperation for recurrent RRD during follow-up.

Results:
There were 366 patients included of which 260 (71%) were operated using PPV-SB. Single-surgery anatomic success was achieved in 96 (91%) of patients with pars plana vitrectomy and 227 (87%) of patients with PPV-SB (P = 0.38) over a median follow-up of 15 months. At the final follow-up, pinhole visual acuity was 0.18 (0.10–0.30) among patients with pars plana vitrectomy and 0.18 (0.10–0.40) among patients with PPV-SB (Snellen equivalent: 20/30; P = 0.03). After adjusting for demographic (i.e., age and sex) and preoperative characteristics (i.e., macula on status, baseline pinhole visual acuity, and grade C1 proliferative vitreoretinopathy), PPV-SB did not alter single-surgery anatomic success (P = 0.210).

Conclusion:
Following inferior RRD repair, there were no significant differences in single-surgery anatomic success between patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy and PPV-SB in this large, retrospective cohort.
Clinical Efficacy of MiSight 1 day Soft Contact Lenses in Korean Myopic Children
Authors: Kim Hui Kyung , Jo Myung Ho , Jo Yeon Ji , Park Young Kee , Lee Jong Soo 
Published: August 2024

Objectives:
This study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of MiSight 1 day soft contact lenses (MiSight CL) in Korean children with mild-to-moderate myopia. In addition, the study compared the effects of MiSight CL in children who had or had not previously used orthokeratology contact lenses (Ortho-K).

Methods:
A total of 66 children aged 5 to 16 years, who were prescribed MiSight CL, were included in the study. Based on a myopia degree of −4 diopters (D), children were divided into mild and severe myopia groups to compare the effectiveness of myopia suppression. In addition, 55 eyes previously using Ortho-K were compared with 76 eyes using MiSight CL for the first time.

Results:
The average follow-up period was 6.58±3.74 months. The average refractive value before using MiSight CL was 3.64±1.56 D, and there was no significant change in the final visit. Comparing myopia suppression between different degrees of myopia and previous use of Ortho-K lenses, there was no significant change in refractive error before and after using MiSight CL (unpaired t test, P>0.05). The main reason for Ortho-K failure was low visual acuity after correction. Regardless of Ortho-K history, children showed good visual acuity after wearing MiSight CL, and no other side effects were observed.

Conclusions:
MiSight CL effectively inhibited the progression of myopia in Korean children with mild-to-moderate myopia. MiSight CL offer the advantage of easy application, making them a viable alternative when Ortho-K are not suitable.
Education, gender, and frequent pain among middle-aged and older adults in the United States, England, China, and India
Authors: Li Chihua , Liu Chunyu , Ye Chenfei , Lian Zi , Lu Peiyi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Using cross-sectional data from the United States, England, China, and India, we examined the relationship between education and frequent pain, alongside the modification role of gender in this relationship. We further examined patterns of 3 pain dimensions among participants who reported frequent pain, including pain severity, interference with daily activities, and medication use (these pain dimension questions were not administered in all countries). Our analytical sample included 92,204 participants aged 50 years and above. We found a high prevalence of frequent pain across the 4 countries ranging from 28% to 41%. Probit models showed that higher education was associated with lower risk of pain (United States: −0.26, 95% CI: −0.33, −0.19; England: −0.32, 95% CI: −0.39, −0.25; China: −0.33, 95% CI −0.41, −0.26; India: −0.18, 95% CI −0.21, −0.15). Notably, in China and India, the negative association between higher education and frequent pain was less pronounced among women compared with men, which was not observed in the United States or England. Further analysis showed that individuals with higher education experiencing frequent pain reported less severity, fewer daily activity interferences, and less medication use compared with those with lower education. In the United States, these associations were stronger among women. Our findings highlight the prevalent pain among middle-aged and older adults in these 4 countries and emphasize the potentially protective role of higher education on frequent pain, with nuanced gender differences across different settings. This underscores the need for tailored strategies considering educational and gender differences to improve pain management and awareness.
Laparoscopic hepatectomy versus microwave ablation for multifocal 3–5 cm hepatocellular carcinoma: a multi-centre, real-world study
Authors: Wang Zhen , Pang Chuan , Meng Qiong , Zhang De-zhi , Hong Zhi-xian , He Guang-bin , Yang Hong , Xiang Bang-de , Li Xiao , Jiang Tian-an , Li Kai , Tang Zhe , Huang Fei , Lu Man , Yu Xiao-ling , Cheng Zhi-gang , Liu Fang-yi , Han Zhi-yu , Dou Jian-ping , Wu Song-song , Yu Jie , Liang Ping 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Researches comparing laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) with microwave ablation (MWA) for 3–5 cm multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma (MFHCC) are rare.

Materials and methods:
From 2008 to 2019, 666 intrahepatic tumours in 289 patients from 12 tertiary medical centres in China were included in this retrospective study. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance variables between the two treatment groups over time frames 2008–2019 and 2013–2019 to observe the potential impact of advancements in intervention techniques on overall survival (OS), disease-free progression (DFS) of patients. complications, hospitalization, and cost were compared.

Results:
Among 289 patients, the median age was 59 years [interquartile range (IQR) 52–66]. 2008–2019, after PSM, the median OS was 97.4 months in the LLR group and 75.2 months (95% CI 47.8–102.6) in the MWA group during a follow-up period of 39.0 months. The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year OS rates in the two groups were 91.8%, 72.6%, 60.7% and 96.5%, 72.8%, 62.5% [hazard ratio (HR) 1.03, 95% CI 0.62–1.69, P =0.920]; The corresponding DFS rates were 75.9%, 57.2%, 46.9%, and 53.1%, 17.5%, 6.2% (HR 0.35, 95% CI 0.23–0.54, P <0.001). 2013–2019, the median OS time was not reached in either group during the 34.0 months of follow-up, the 1-year, 3-year and 5-year OS rates in the two groups were 90.2%, 67.6%, 56.7% and 96.5%, 76.7%, 69.7% (HR 1.54, 95% CI 0.79–3.01, P =0.210); The corresponding DFS rates were 69.6%, 53.9%, 43.3%, and 70.4%, 32.1%, 16.5% (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.41–1.11, P =0.120). The incidence of major complications was similar in both groups (all P> 0.05). MWA had shorter intervention times, hospitalization, and lower costs.

Conclusions:
For resectable MFHCC patients, LLR is preferable due to its lower recurrence rate. For patients who do not qualify for LLR, advances in ablation technology have promoted MWA as a promising alternative.
Transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention versus medical therapy for symptomatic tricuspid regurgitation: a meta-analysis of reconstructed time-to-event data
Authors: Fu Guangguo , Zhu Jianfu , Song Wenyu , Bagaber Ghufran , Wang Chunsheng , Chen Jinmiao , Wei Lai 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention (TTVI) has demonstrated safety and efficacy in treating high-risk patients with tricuspid regurgitation (TR). The authors aimed to perform a meta-analysis based on reconstructed time-to-event data to compare the clinical benefit of TTVI with medical therapy (MED).

Methods:
A systematic literature search was conducted in major databases, including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, until 20 October 2023. All studies comparing the outcomes between TTVI and MED were included. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. The secondary outcomes included heart failure (HF) hospitalization and the composite outcome of all-cause mortality and HF hospitalization.

Results:
Five studies covering 3826 patients (1146 received TTVI and 2680 received MED) were identified. At 1-year follow-up, TTVI significantly reduced the risk of all-cause mortality compared with MED [hazard ratio (HR) 0.54, 95% CI: 0.39–0.74, P=0.0001]. There was a trend in favor of TTVI in HF hospitalization, although without significant difference (HR 0.70, 95% CI: 0.42–1.18, P=0.18). TTVI was also associated with a decreased risk of composite outcome (HR 0.57, 95% CI: 0.38–0.86, P=0.007). Reconstructed Kaplan–Meier curves illustrated a 1-year overall survival rate of 83.1% in the TTVI group and 68.8% in the MED group. The subgroup analysis of device types yielded consistent results.

Conclusions:
Compared with MED, TTVI was associated with greater 1-year benefits for patients with symptomatic moderate or greater TR from the aspects of all-cause mortality and HF hospitalization.