bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast and accurate 3D FEM model for electromagnetic simulations of no-insulation HTS coils based on polygon-anisotropic-resistivity
Authors: Zhong Zhuoyan , Wu Wei , Jin Zhijian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
For no-insulation (NI) high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coils, a 3D electromagnetic model, which is fast and accurate, conducive to establish, and straightforward to multi-physics coupling, is still required. This paper introduces a polygon-anisotropic-resistivity (PAR) method for 3D FEM electromagnetic simulations of NI HTS coils. This model avoids dividing each tape into the specific HTS-tape layer and turn-to-turn contact layer, which yields: (1) a reduced computational burden; (2) improved convergence due to smaller element aspect ratios. The significance of the PAR method lies in its indispensable role in achieving a 3D anisotropic-resistivity model with high computing speed and accuracy. The proposed PAR model is rigorously evaluated through three types of simulations: (1) charge and discharge tests; (2) AC losses of the NI coil subjected to AC fields with a DC current supply; (3) heat-triggered quench and recovery scenarios. For these simulations, the PAR model is validated by comparisons with the full-element model, namely, the 3D FEM model that explicitly incorporates each specific HTS-tape layer and turn-to-turn contact layer in the H-formulation model, and is also validated by previous experimental data for AC losses. Good consistency is observed. The computing speed of the PAR model is tested to be 12–38 times that of the full-element model with the same accuracy. The PAR model achieves a 40% reduction in degrees of freedom compared to the full-element model, with the same mesh density along the HTS tape width and length, facilitating more precise and larger scale coil simulations within the same computational memory limits. Additionally, the PAR model entirely eliminates the inherent inaccuracies found in the conventional-anisotropic-resistivity 3D model, which stem from discrepancies between the arranged anisotropic-resistivity and the actual computed coil meshes. The proposed PAR model will enhance the prevalence of 3D electromagnetic analyses of NI HTS coils.
Madelung mechanics and superoscillations
Authors: Waegell Mordecai 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In single-particle Madelung mechanics, the single-particle quantum state

Ψ
(

x
→

,
t
)
=
R
(

x
→

,
t
)

e

i
S
(

x
→

,
t
)

/

ℏ

is interpreted as comprising an entire conserved fluid of classical point particles, with local density

R
(

x
→

,
t

)
2

and local momentum

∇
→

S
(

x
→

,
t
)

(where R and S are real). The Schrödinger equation gives rise to the continuity equation for the fluid, and the Hamilton–Jacobi equation for particles of the fluid, which includes an additional density-dependent quantum potential energy term

Q
(

x
→

,
t
)
=
−

ℏ
2

2
m

∇
→

R
(

x
→

,
t
)

R
(

x
→

,
t
)

, which is all that makes the fluid behavior nonclassical. In particular, the quantum potential can become negative and create a nonclassical boost in the kinetic energy. This boost is related to superoscillations in the wavefunction, where the local frequency of Ψ exceeds its global band limit. Berry showed that for states of definite energy E, the regions of superoscillation are exactly the regions where

Q
(

x
→

,
t
)
<
0

. For energy superposition states with band-limit

E
+

, the situation is slightly more complicated, and the bound is no longer

Q
(

x
→

,
t
)
<
0

. However, the fluid model provides a definite local energy for each fluid particle which allows us to define a local band limit for superoscillation, and with this definition, all regions of superoscillation are again regions where

Q
(

x
→

,
t
)
<
0

for general superpositions. An alternative interpretation of these quantities involving a reduced quantum potential is reviewed and advanced, and a parallel discussion of superoscillation in this picture is given. Detailed examples are given which illustrate the role of the quantum potential and superoscillations in a range of scenarios.
Investigating the effect of scaling and temperature on the performance of improved junctionless nanowire FET through simulation analysis
Authors: Bharti  , Mittal Poornima 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
An Improved Junctionless Nanowire Field Effect Transistor (I-JL-NWFET) device is proposed in this paper to address the limitations of conventional JL-NWFET. This research paper initially, comprehensively analyzes the impact of channel length (L) and channel thickness (t

si
) scaling on the electrical, analog/RF, and linearity performance of I-JL-NWFET and JL-NWFET. The results suggest that the specific design features in I-JL-NWFET contribute to a more robust and less sensitive response to variations in scaling compared to its counterpart, JL-NWFET. Furthermore, an exploration into the impact of temperature on the electrical, analog/RF, and linearity performance is also conducted for both I-JL-NWFET and JL-NWFET. The electrical performance of I-JL-NWFET showcases a significantly reduced temperature sensitivity in parameters like drain current (I

D
), Subthreshold Slope (SS) and Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) compared to JL-NWFET. Subsequently, analyzing the analog/RF performance in the context of parameters such as transconductance (g

m
), Transconductance Gain Factor (TGF), output conductance (g

d
), early voltage (V

EA
), total gate capacitance (C

GG
), and cut-off frequency (f

T
) under temperature variation, a lower degree of variability in I-JL-NWFET is observed compared to JL-NWFET. Furthermore, the linearity performance of I-JL-NWFET, assessed through parameters such as second and third-order transconductance (g

m2
, g

m3
), second and third-order input voltage intercept points (VIP2, VIP3), and third-order intermodulation distortion (IIP3 and IMD3) is improved at the higher temperature than that of JL-NWFET.
Solitons, lump and interactional solutions of the (3+1)-dimensional BLMP equation in incompressible fluid
Authors: He Guoliang , Han Yitong , Xu Tao , Wang Ming 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Based on the Hirota bilinear method, we systematically investigate the (3+1)-dimensional Boiti-Leon-Manana-Pempinelli (BLMP) equation in incompressible fluids and main results include: (1) the formulas of N-kink-soliton solutions and the bound states of multi solitons are all presented, (2) the lump solution is derived by the positive quadratic function method, (3) the interactional solutions are given, i.e., one lump interacts with one- and two-kink-soliton, (4) some special periodic solutions are discussed, i.e., lump-periodic solutions and homoclinic breather solutions.
A MEMS piezoelectric hydrophone with high sensitivity and wide bandwidth
Authors: Liu Dongdong , Zhang Lidong , Zhang Mengxiao , Zhang Hongquan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
To solve the problems of low sound pressure sensitivity and narrow operating bandwidth of hydrophones, this paper proposes a MEMS piezoelectric hydrophone with a corrugated structure substrate. This design is improved from two aspects, on the one hand, the MEMS technology is used to make the aluminum oxide substrate into a corrugated structure, the corrugated structure can make the hydrophone work with better linearity, and at the same time broaden the hydrophone’s operating bandwidth; on the other hand, the array design is utilized to improve the sound pressure sensitivity by integrating four identical sensitive cores in the same piece of hydrophone. The test results show that the sound pressure sensitivity of the MEMS piezoelectric hydrophone of this design is better than −207.6 dB in the operating bandwidth of 10 ∼ 3800 Hz, and reaches the highest −195.5 dB sound pressure sensitivity at the input signal frequency of 2500 Hz.
Modular invariant hilltop inflation
Authors: King Stephen F. , Wang Xin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper we show that it is possible to achieve successful hilltop inflation in which the inflaton is identified as the modulus field in a modular invariant theory. The dilaton plays a crucial role in shaping the potential. Modular invariant gaugino condensation provides the mechanism for the modulus stabilisation after inflation. The inflationary trajectory lies on the lower boundary of the fundamental domain of the modulus field τ. Inflation starts near the fixed point τ = i, and ends at a point near τ = ω, which is the global de Sitter vacuum. We investigate the allowed parameter space for successful modular invariant hilltop inflation.
Constraints on cosmic-ray boosted dark matter with realistic cross section
Authors: Guha Atanu , Park Jong-Chul 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Sub-MeV cold dark-matter particles are unable to produce electronic recoil in conventional
dark-matter direct detection experiments such as XENONnT and LUX-ZEPLIN above the detector
threshold. The mechanism of boosted dark matter comes into picture to constrain the parameter
space of such low mass dark matter from direct detection experiments. We consider the effect of
the leading components of cosmic rays to boost the cold dark matter, which results in significant
improvements on the exclusion limits compared to the existing ones. To present concrete study
results, we choose to work on models consisting of a dark-matter particle χ with an
additional U(1)' gauge symmetry including the secluded dark photon, U(1)B-L, and
U(1)L
e-L

μ
. We find that the energy dependence of the scattering cross section plays a
crucial role in improving the constraints. In addition, we systematically estimate the Earth
shielding effect on boosted dark matter in losing energy while traveling to the underground
detector through the Earth.
Study of mass outflow rates from magnetized advective accretion disk around rotating black holes
Authors: Jana Camelia , Das Santabrata 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We develop and discuss a model formalism to study the properties of mass outflows that are emerged out from a relativistic, magnetized, viscous, advective accretion flow around a rotating black hole. In doing so, we consider the toroidal component as the dominant magnetic fields and synchrotron process is the dominant cooling mechanism inside the accretion disk. With this, we self-consistently solve the coupled accretion-ejection governing equations in the steady state and obtain the shock-induced global inflow-outflow solutions in terms of the inflow parameters, namely plasma-β (=pgas /pmag, pgas and pmag being gas and magnetic pressures), accretion rates (ṁ) and viscosity (αB), respectively. Using these solutions, we compute the mass outflow rate (Rṁ, the ratio of outflow to inflow mass flux) and find that mass loss from the magnetized accretion disk continues to take place for wide range of inflow parameters and black hole spin (ak). We also observe that Rṁ strongly depends on plasma-β, ṁ, αB and ak , and it increases as the magnetic activity inside the accretion disk is increased. Further, we compute the maximum mass outflow rate (R
max
ṁ) by freely varying the inflow parameters and find that for magnetic pressure dominated disk, R
max
ṁ ~ 24% (~ 30%) for a
k=0.0 (0.99). Finally, while discussing the implication of our model formalism, we compute the maximum jet kinetic power using R
max
ṁ which appears to be in close agreement with the observed jet kinetic power of several black hole sources.
Application of coincidence index in the discovery of co-expressed metabolic pathways
Authors: Cassucci dos Santos João Paulo , Bruno Odemir Martinez 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Analyzing transcription data requires intensive statistical analysis to obtain useful biological information and knowledge. A significant portion of this data is affected by random noise or even noise intrinsic to the modeling of the experiment. Without robust treatment, the data might not be explored thoroughly, and incorrect conclusions could be drawn. Examining the correlation between gene expression profiles is one way bioinformaticians extract information from transcriptomic experiments. However, the correlation measurements traditionally used have worrisome shortcomings that need to be addressed. This paper compares five already published and experimented-with correlation measurements to the newly developed coincidence index, a similarity measurement that combines Jaccard and interiority indexes and generalizes them to be applied to vectors containing real values. We used microarray and RNA-Seq data from the archaeon Halobacterium salinarum and the bacterium Escherichia coli, respectively, to evaluate the capacity of each correlation/similarity measurement. The utilized method explores the co-expressed metabolic pathways by measuring the correlations between the expression levels of enzymes that share metabolites, represented in the form of a weighted graph. It then searches for local maxima in this graph using a simulated annealing algorithm. We demonstrate that the coincidence index extracts larger, more comprehensive, and more statistically significant pathways for microarray experiments. In RNA-Seq experiments, the results are more limited, but the coincidence index managed the largest percentage of significant components in the graph.
Weak gravitational lensing around dyonic ModMax black hole in plasma
Authors: Turakhonov Ziyodulla , Atamurotov Farruh , Övgün Ali , Abdujabbarov Ahmadjon , Urinov Sunnatillo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this study, we examine the effects of weak gravitational lensing and determine the shadow radius around black holes within the Dyonic ModMax (DM) spacetime, also accounting for models with nonuniform plasma distributions. By analyzing various gravitational lens models, we compare corrections to vacuum lensing due to gravitational effects within plasma and plasma inhomogeneity, finding that these effects could be observed in hot gas within galaxy clusters. Starting with the orbits of photons around a black hole in DM, we investigate the shadow and weak gravitational lensing phenomena. Utilizing observational data from the Event Horizon Telescope for M87* and SgrA*, we constrain parameters within DM gravity. To connect our findings to observations, we examine the magnification and positioning of lensed images, along with the weak deflection angle and magnification for sources near different galaxies.
Impacts of 10–30-day atmospheric oscillation on persistent compound heatwaves in the Yangtze River Delta with implications for local electricity demand and supply
Authors: Li Jianying , Xiao Qingyao , Chen Yang , Mao Jiangyu , Song Lili , Zhai Panmao , Wang Shu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) is a hotspot of compound heatwaves characterized by scorching day and sweltering night persisting for more than 3 days. The YRD compound heatwaves are intimately associated with the 10–30-day variations of air temperature, with 46 identified heatwaves during the summers of 1979–2022 mostly occurring within the positive phases of 10–30-day T
max and T
min anomalies. The coincidence of positive phases in 10–30-day T
max and T
min comes from a dipole pattern of the corresponding potential vorticity (PV) anomalies in the upper troposphere. This dipole PV pattern leads to anomalous descents in the YRD and associated anticyclones in the lower troposphere. As a result, the increased adiabatic heating and incident solar radiation cause the extreme daytime heat. The enhanced humidity in the YRD increases the downward longwave radiation, resulting in the extreme nighttime temperatures. As the increased temperature and humidity enhance stratification stability in the lower troposphere, the coupling between daytime and nighttime heat extremes persists, leading to a compound heatwave. During a YRD compound heatwave, the 10–30-day atmospheric intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) exerts a potential influence on the electricity demand and supply. Continuous extreme heat leads to a dramatic surge in cooling demand. While the influence of 10–30-day ISO on wind energy resources is weak, the dipole pattern of 10–30-day PV anomalies strongly reduces solar energy resources over the mid–lower reaches of the Yellow River, thus exerting greater challenges for electricity supply to the YRD.
The implications of further reservoir development on the Blue Nile in Ethiopia: trade-offs between hydropower, irrigation and transboundary water security
Authors: Murgatroyd Anna , Wheeler Kevin , Hall Jim W , Whittington Dale 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We evaluate the implications for Ethiopia and Egypt of two dams that could be built upstream of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), in combination with hypothetical Ethiopian irrigation schemes upstream of these Blue Nile hydropower facilities. Two new dams could increase average annual hydropower on the Blue Nile River from Lake Tana to Khartoum and the Main Nile River from Khartoum to Aswan by almost 50% (30.2 TWh yr−1 to 44.7 TWh yr−1). A system-wide analysis of the expected financial benefits of various development scenarios reveals little financial justification for substantial irrigation withdrawals upstream of the GERD. Withdrawing 5 billion cubic meters annually upstream of the GERD without additional hydropower development would reduce total average annual hydropower generation on the Blue and Main Nile River by 10.9% (3.3 TWh yr−1). If two new dams were constructed upstream of the GERD, withdrawing this volume would cause a 15.2% (6.8 TWh yr−1) reduction. 1 and 5 bcm yr−1 of withdrawals upstream of the three dams would also affect water supply downstream, reducing average annual outflow from Sudan’s Merowe Reservoir by 1.1% (0.7 bcm yr−1) and 6.2% (4.1 bcm yr−1), respectively, and by <1% (0.2 bcm yr−1) and 3.3% (1.8 bcm yr−1) at Egypt’s High Aswan Dam (HAD) Reservoir, respectively. Whilst the annual probability of the HAD storage falling below 60 bcm and invoking its current drought management policy is estimated to currently be 0.085, these two scenarios of upstream withdrawals would increase that annual probability to 0.111 and 0.452 respectively.
The relationship between pro-environmental behavior, subjective well-being, and environmental impact: a meta-analysis
Authors: Krumm Laura 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A substantial change towards more pro-environmental behavior (PEB) is essential to reach the required reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate climate change. These behavior changes will have consequences on people’s daily lives and thus might affect their well-being. Previous research generally finds positive correlations between PEB and well-being. This meta-analysis explores whether the relationship between PEB and well-being depends on the environmental impact of the performed PEB. Overall, the paper finds a small but significant positive relation between PEB and well-being. When accounting for the environmental impact of the PEB, however, the positive relationship only remains for low-impact PEB. The meta-analysis does not provide any evidence that engaging in high-impact PEB relates to well-being. Consequently, these findings demonstrate that there is more ambiguity in the relationship between PEB and well-being than previously described in the literature and that the environmental impact of PEB matters when evaluating its relationship with well-being. These findings have important implications for policy-making trying to facilitate mitigation efforts that ultimately aim to balance the well-being of the current and future generations.
Perception of Agricultural Extension Workers to Importance of Conservation Agriculture Technology Nineveh Governorate
Authors: Hameed Talal Saeed , Abd Al-Faraje Dhoha M. , Adress Luma Monther 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The research aimed to Identifying the level of perception of agricultural extension workers in conservation agriculture technology in Nineveh Governorate. Identifying the correlation between the level of perception of agricultural extension workers about conservation agriculture technology and independent variables. The research community included all agricultural employees working in the Nineveh Agriculture Directorate, who numbered (330) agricultural employees, located in (30) agricultural divisions in addition to the directorate’s center. A 50% random sample was taken from them. Thus, the research community reached (165) respondents. For the purpose of achieving the research objectives, a questionnaire was prepared, which is one of the means of collecting information from the respondents through a set of questions or statements required to be answered by the respondents. the results show More than half of the respondents had a high level of awareness of the conservation agriculture technique. and there is a significant correlation between the respondents’ level of awareness of conservation agriculture technology and the following variables (age, level of education, sources of agricultural information, and desire for innovation). And one of the most important proposals that help in applying new agricultural technologies is providing initiatives that are considered the basis for applying this technology.
The Level of Extension Services Provided for Cultivation of Field Crops in Tal Afar District / Nineveh Governorate
Authors: Ali Ahmed Abdulbari Mohammed , Salih Al-Hamdany Majeed Hadi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The current investigation aims to determine the level of extension services provided to field crop growers in Tal Afar District / Nineveh Governorate and to determine a significant correlation between the level of agricultural extension services in Tal Afar District / Nineveh Governorate and the independent factors (age, educational level, sources of agricultural information, social participation). (and official) as well as identifying the problems facing farmers related to the level of extension services provided. The questionnaire was presented to a panel of specialists in order to determine its suitability as a research instrument for achieving the study’s aims. For fulfilling the aims of the study, it was first tested. The validity coefficient was 0.91, and the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.83. The number of its items was (18) items, and a random sample was chosen (120 farmers, representing (17%) of the number of farmers in the Tal Afar district, which numbered (708), and the SPSS statistical program was used, and this was in October 2023. The most significant finding from the study was that, on average, extension service was delivered at a rate of 70%. This shows that the extension services and activities in the study area could be better for farmers. Furthermore, this finding demonstrates that the extension service provision reality and the independent variables are interconnected. Moreover, there are many problems that farmers are exposed to in the study area, for which appropriate solutions must be found. The research recommends the need to pay attention to qualified workers with minds that carry knowledge to achieve the ability to provide the best according to distinct outputs that benefit the organization and the need to protect them from leaking and moving away from the organization.