bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do parents play different roles in drinking behaviours of male and female adolescents? A longitudinal follow-up study
Authors: Hung Chao-Chia , Chang Hsing-Yi , Luh Dih-Ling , Wu Chi-Chen , Yen Lee-Lan 
Published: April 2015

ObjectiveGender differences in the associations between adolescent drinking behaviour, and perceived parental drinking behaviours and attitudes towards underage drinking, were investigated.MethodsData were drawn from two cohorts in the Child and Adolescent Behaviours in Long-term Evolution project. We used data from 2009 to 2006, when cohorts 1 and 2, respectively, were in grade 9. No cohort effect was found, so the two cohorts were pooled; 3972 students (1999 boys and 1973 girls) participated in the study. The major variables included adolescent drinking behaviours over the last month, and perceived parental drinking behaviours and parental attitudes towards underage drinking. The effects of the combination of parental drinking behaviours, and attitudes on the drinking behaviours of male and female adolescents, were analysed by logistic regression.ResultsThe drinking behaviour of boys was correlated with the drinking behaviours and attitudes of their fathers but not with those of their mothers. Among boys, having a non-drinking father who was against underage drinking (OR=0.27, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.46), a non-drinking father who was favourable towards underage drinking (OR=0.61, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.94), or a drinking father who was against underage drinking (OR=0.44, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.85) significantly decreased the likelihood of alcohol consumption, whereas maternal behaviour and attitude were not significant influences. Among girls, having a non-drinking father who was against underage drinking (OR=0.52, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.91) or a non-drinking father who was favourable towards underage drinking (OR=0.51, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.83) significantly decreased the likelihood of alcohol consumption, as did having a non-drinking mother who was against underage drinking (OR=0.23, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.60).ConclusionsThe influences of fathers and mothers on the drinking behaviour of their adolescent children differed by offspring gender.
Clinical value of chest pain presentation and prodromes on the assessment of cardiovascular disease: a cohort study
Authors: Robson John , Ayerbe Luis , Mathur Rohini , Addo Juliet , Wragg Andrew 
Published: April 2015

ObjectivesThe recognition of coronary artery disease (CAD) among patients who report chest pain remains difficult in primary care. This study investigates the association between chest pain (specified, unspecified or musculoskeletal) and prodromes (dyspepsia, fatigue or dyspnoea), with first-ever acute CAD, and increased longer term cardiovascular risk.DesignCohort study.SettingAnonymised clinical data recorded electronically by general practitioners from 140 primary care surgeries in London (UK) between April 2008 and April 2013.ParticipantsData were extracted for all patients aged 30 years and over at the beginning of the study period, registered in the surgeries.Main outcome measuresClinical data included chest pain, dyspepsia, dyspnoea and fatigue, first-ever CAD and long-term cardiovascular risk (QRisk2). Regression models were used to analyse the association between chest pain together with prodromes and CAD and QRisk2≥20%.Results354 052 patients were included in the study. 4842 patients had first-ever CAD of which 270 reported chest pain in the year before the acute event. 257 019 patients had QRisk2 estimations. Chest pain was associated with a higher risk of CAD. HRs: 21.12 (16.68 to 26.76), p<0.001; 7.51 (6.49 to 8.68), p<0.001; and 1.84 (1.14 to 3.00), p<0.001 for specified, unspecified and musculoskeletal chest pain. Dyspepsia, dyspnoea or fatigue was also associated with a higher risk of CAD. Chest pain of all subtypes, dyspepsia and dyspnoea were also associated with an increased 10-year cardiovascular risk of 20% or more.ConclusionsAll patients with chest pain, including those with atypical symptoms, require careful assessment for acute and longer term cardiovascular risk. Prodromes may have independent diagnostic value in the estimation of cardiovascular disease risk.
Ministério Público e políticas de saúde: implicações de sua atuação resolutiva e demandista
Authors: Oliveira Luciano Moreira de , Andrade Eli Iola Gurgel de , Milagres Marcelo De Oliveira 
Published: April 2015

<p>Neste artigo, são analisadas as possibilidades de contribuição do Ministério Público em favor da efetividade do direito à saúde conforme o uso dos instrumentos de atuação judicial e extrajudicial. Levaram-se em conta as características das políticas de saúde brasileiras e os arranjos institucionais do SUS para examinar os efeitos das diferentes estratégias que vêm sendo utilizadas pelo órgão no desempenho de suas atribuições. Buscou-se, ainda, identificar as características da atuação do Ministério Público de Minas Gerais. Desenvolveu-se estudo interdisciplinar, partindo de revisão da literatura por meio de pesquisas às bases SciELO, Bireme e Capes e consulta a obras de referência. Para identificar a forma de atuação do Ministério Público de Minas Gerais, foram pesquisados os atos normativos da instituição que trataram sobre defesa da saúde publicados na imprensa oficial até 31/12/2012. Também foram examinados dados sobre procedimentos registrados entre 01/01/2008 e 31/12/2012. Constatou-se que a atuação extrajudicial do Ministério Público mostra-se mais adequada do que a judicial para lidar com a complexidade do direito à saúde e das políticas de saúde no Brasil. Identificou-se que o Ministério Público de Minas Gerais prioriza instrumentos de atuação extrajudicial e tem a judicialização como medida de exceção.</p>
Os problemas da tradução literária em La fée aux miettes, de Charles Nodier
Authors: Camarani Ana Luiza Silva 
Published: April 2015

O conto de Charles Nodier intitulado <em>La Fée aux Miettes (A Fada das Migalhas) </em>pode ser considerado o mais importante dos textos que Pierre-Georges Castex reuniu sob a denominação de “Ciclo dos Inocentes”, em que os personagens principais vivem no universo paralelo do sonho e da loucura. Apontamos aqui algumas das dificuldades que encontramos ao traduzir essa narrativa da primeira metade do século XIX francês: a tradução dos nomes próprios, dos pronomes de tratamento e dos provérbios.
Corpus-based translation studies: where does it come from? Where is it going?
Authors: Laviosa Sara 
Published: April 2015

A idéia de estudar a tradução e o ato de traduzir por meio de corpora foi sugerida inicialmente por Baker, em 1993. Àquele tempo, acreditava-se que essa nova parceria com a Lingüística de Corpus forneceria a metodologia para o estudo empírico, enquanto a Teoria da Tradução se encarregaria de identificar as áreas de pesquisa e elaborar hipóteses operacionais. As duas parceiras trabalhariam em harmonia em prol do avanço da corrente descritiva da disciplina. Desde então, a parceria adquiriu uma identidade clara e com denominação específica: Corpus-based Translation Studies – CTS (Estudos de Tradução baseados em Corpus). Suas áreas de pesquisa variam de estudos descritivos a aplicados, e contemplam diversas línguas. Neste artigo, pretendo examinar as ligações existentes entre CTS, Lingüística de Corpus e DTS (Descriptive Translation Studies) com o objetivo de verificar quais alegações feitas no passado ainda são verdadeiras e quais as áreas de pesquisa mais frutíferas a longo prazo em CTS. Meu artigo está organizado em três seções cronológicas, que correspondem a momentos- chave na história dos CTS. Os dois primeiros anos, 1993 a 1995, contemplam o surgimento dos CTS; o período compreendido entre os anos 1996 e 1999 representam o que chamo de predomínio da Lingüística de Corpus nos estudos de tradução; já de 2000 em diante, seria plausível falar de um predomínio dos Estudos Culturais nos CTS.
Poder e fidelidade na interpretação
Authors: Silva Christiano Sanches do Valle 
Published: April 2015

<p>Este artigo argumenta que, no âmbito de uma discussão multidisciplinar sobre poder e ideologia na prática da interpretação, diferentes tipos de fidelidade são construídos de acordo com influências do meio em que atuam os intérpretes, em interação com os valores que os informam no exercício de seu ofício. Neste trabalho, são abordadas questões de ética e de controle do discurso por parte do intérprete, com base em estudos de caso, colocando em perspectiva os limites de sua atividade e favorecendo o pensamento crítico sobre a profissão e os estudos acadêmicos que a têm como objeto.</p>
O desenvolvimento histórico da interpretação de línguas indígenas brasileiras e o seu papel no contexto atual
Authors: Pinheiro Maíra Monteiro 
Published: April 2015

<p>Este artigo investiga o desenvolvimento histórico da interpretação de línguas indígenas brasileiras por meio das relações interculturais no país e o seu papel no contexto atual. A metodologia usada é a revisão da literatura, com um estudo de caso de abordagem instrumental incluído como exemplo. Diferentes dimensões do problema são investigadas, com base na história da tradução oral no Brasil (WYLER 2003), na trajetória das línguas na Amazônia brasileira (FREIRE 2003), nos modelos de interpretação na dimensão antropológica (PÖCHHAKER 2002 e CRONIN 2002) e, finalmente, em tradução, globalização e línguas minoritárias (CRONIN 2003). De acordo com a análise dos dados, ainda hoje a interpretação é relevante para essas comunidades. Este estudo, portanto, teoriza sobre as especificidades da interpretação comunitária para línguas indígenas minoritárias e sua necessidade no mundo globalizado.</p>
Comparative Potential of the 2-Item Versus the 9-Item Patient Health Questionnaire to Predict Death or Rehospitalization in Heart Failure
Authors: Piepenburg Sven M. , Faller Hermann , Gelbrich Götz , Störk Stefan , Warrings Bodo , Ertl Georg , Angermann Christiane E. 
Published: April 2015

Background—
Depression is common in heart failure and associated with adverse clinical outcomes. We investigated the potential of the 2-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-2) versus that of the 9-item version (PHQ-9) to predict death or rehospitalization.

Methods and Results—

Participants of the Interdisciplinary Network for Heart Failure program were eligible, if they completed the PHQ-9 during baseline assessment. All participants were hospitalized for cardiac decompensation and had a left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40% before discharge. PHQ-2 scores were extracted from the answers to the first 2 PHQ-9 questions. To analyze associations of PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 with both, death and rehospitalization, univariable Cox regression models were used. To compare screening efficacy of both tools, c-statistics were computed. The sample consisted of 852 patients, (67.6±12.1 years; 27.7% women; 42.3% New York Heart Association class III/IV). Follow-up was 18 months (100% complete). During follow-up, 152 patients died and 482 were rehospitalized. Both, PHQ-2 and PHQ-9, predicted death in univariable analysis (hazard ratio, 1.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.09–1.29;
P
<0.001 and hazard ratio, 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.04–1.09;
P
<0.001, respectively), as well as rehospitalization (hazard ratio, 1.07; confidence interval, 1.01–1.21;
P
=0.02 and hazard ratio, 1.03; confidence interval, 1.01–1.04;
P
=0.001, respectively). These results were confirmed by c-statistics.

Conclusions—
In univariable models and confirmed by c-statistics the potential of both PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 to predict death and hospitalization was similar. In clinical practice, PHQ-2 screening seems thus sufficiently reliable and more feasible than the time-consuming PHQ-9 to identify patients at an increased risk of adverse outcomes.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.controlled-trials.com
. Unique identifier: ISRCTN 23325295.
Co-Offender Ties and the Criminal Career
Authors: Lantz Brendan , Hutchison Robert 
Published: April 2015

Objectives: This study aims to assess three related aspects of co-offending networks: (1) the characteristics of co-offending groups and the duration of group offending careers, (2) the impact of membership in co-offending groups on total offending and the length of individual offending careers, and (3) the impact of offender arrest (or changes in co-offending group structure) on the offending patterns of connected co-offenders. Methods: Data on sentenced burglary offenders ( N = 270) in one county in Pennsylvania from 2001 to 2010 are used to examine the impact of co-offending group membership, as well as the relationship between the changing network structure and the offending patterns of connected co-offenders, within a two-level modeling framework. Results: Larger groups with more dispersed offending structures offend over the longest span. Additionally, membership in co-offending groups is associated with more total offending and a longer individual offending career. Finally, the arrest of structurally important offenders, compared to more peripheral offenders, is significantly associated with the decreased offending of connected co-offenders. Conclusions: The removal of a highly central “instigator” or “recruiter” is associated with desistance among connected co-offenders. Future research should examine the mechanisms behind these effects, and why the arrest of co-offending partners is associated with desistance.
The fruit extract of Berberis crataegina DC: exerts potent antioxidant activity and protects DNA integrity
Authors: Charehsaz Mohammad , Sipahi Hande , Celep Engin , Üstündağ Aylin , Cemiloğlu Ülker Özge , Duydu Yalçın , Aydın Ahmet , Yesilada Erdem 
Published: April 2015

Abstract

Background
Dried fruits of Berberis crataegina (Berberidaceae) have been frequently consumed as food garniture in Turkish cuisine, while its fruit paste has been used to increase stamina and in particular to prevent from cardiovascular dysfunctions in Northeastern Black Sea region of Turkey. This study investigated this folkloric information in order to explain the claimed healing effects as well as to evaluate possible risks.

Methods
Total phenolic, flavonoid and proanthocyanidin contents and antioxidant capacity of the methanolic fruit extract were evaluated through several in vitro assays. The cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of B. crataegina fruit extract were also assessed in both cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) and human peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Results
The extract showed protective effects against ferric-induced oxidative stress and had a relatively good antioxidant activity. It also ameliorated the H2O2 mediated DNA damage in lymphocytes, suggesting the protective effect against oxidative DNA damage.

Conclusion
The methanolic extract of B. crataegina fruits may be a potential antioxidant nutrient and also may exert a protective role against lipid peroxidation as well as oxidative DNA damage.
Recovery from experimental autoimmune uveitis promotes induction of antiuveitic inducible Tregs
Authors: Lee Darren J , Taylor Andrew W 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The recovery of EAU, a mouse model of endogenous human autoimmune uveitis, is marked with the emergence of autoantigen-specific regulatory immunity in the spleen that protects the mice from recurrence of EAU. This regulatory immunity is mediated by a melanocortin-driven suppressor APC that presents autoantigen and uses adenosine to activate an antigen-specific CD4+ Tregs through the A2Ar. These cells are highly effective in suppressing uveitis, and they appear to be inducible Tregs. In this study, we determined whether they are inducible or natural Tregs and identified the dependent mechanism for the function of these post-EAU Tregs. The post-EAU spleen CD25+CD4+ T cells were sorted for NRP-1 expression and transferred to recipient mice immunized for EAU. The sorted NRP-1−, but not the NRP-1+, Tregs suppressed EAU. These NRP-1− Tregs coexpress PD-1 and PD-L1. Treatment of naive APCs with α-MSH promoted a regulatory APC that induced CD25+ CD4+ Tregs in a CD73-dependent manner. These Tregs were PD-L1+ PD-1+ NRP-1− FOXP3+ HELIOS− and suppressed EAU when transferred to recipient mice. In contrast, PD-1− T cells did not suppress EAU, indicating that PD-1 is necessary for the suppressive activity of iTregs. Moreover, these Tregs did not suppress effector T cells when the PD/-1/PD-L1 pathway was blocked. These results demonstrate that post-EAU Tregs are inducible Tregs, which use a PD-1/PD-L1 mechanism to suppress disease.
CD163L1 and CLEC5A discriminate subsets of human resident and inflammatory macrophages in vivo
Authors: González-Domínguez érika , Samaniego Rafael , Flores-Sevilla José Luis , Campos-Campos Salvador F , Gómez-Campos Guillermo , Salas Azucena , Campos-Peña Victoria , Corbí Ángel L , Sánchez-Mateos Paloma , Sánchez-Torres Carmen 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Macrophages (Mφ) can be differentiated and polarized in vitro from human CD14+ monocytes under the influence of GM-CSF (GM-Mφ) and M-CSF (M-Mφ). GM-Mφs are proinflammatory and M-Mφs have an anti-inflammatory phenotype. We found selective expression of the lectin C-type lectin domain family 5 member A (CLEC5A) transcripts in GM-Mφs and the scavenger receptor CD163 molecule-like 1 (CD163L1) in M-Mφs by microarray assay. In vitro, CD163L1 expression was induced by IL-10 and M-CSF and CLEC5A by inflammatory cytokines and cell adherence. In secondary lymphoid organs, their respective expression was restricted to CD68+/CD163+ Mφs that preferentially produced either TNF (CLEC5A+) or IL-10 (CD163L1+). Mφs from healthy liver and colon tissue were mostly CD163L1+, and CLEC5A+ cells were scarce. In contrast, CLEC5A+ Mφs were abundant in the intestinal lamina propria from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with higher numbers of CLEC5A+CD163L1+ found compared with those in secondary lymphoid organs. CLEC5A+ cells were CD14+CD209−CD11b+CD11c+TNF+IL-10+, and single positive CD163L1+ cells were CD14−CD209+CD11b−CD11c−TNF−IL-10+ in healthy donors and had lost the ability to produce IL-10 and to express CD209 in those with IBD. In melanomas, CLEC5A+ tumor-associated Mφs (TAMs) were not detected in 42% of the cases evaluated, but CD163L1+ TAMs were found in 100%. Similar to IBD, CD163L1+ TAMs expressed high levels of CD209 and produced significant amounts of IL-10, and CLEC5A+ TAMs were CD14hi and produced enhanced levels of TNF in metastases. Overall, these results suggest that CD163L1 expression is associated with tissue-resident Mφs with an anti-inflammatory or anergic phenotype and that CLEC5A+ Mφs exhibit TNF-producing ability and might display a proinflammatory effect.
Comparative Clinical and Haematological Investigations in Lactating Cows with Subclinical and Clinical Ketosis
Authors: Marutsova Vania , Binev Rumen , Marutsov Plamen 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Ketosis of lactating cows is among the most common metabolic diseases in modern dairy farms. The economic importance of the disease is caused by the reduced milk yield and body weight loss, poor feed conversion, lower conception rates, culling and increased mortality of affected animals. In the present study, a total of 47 high-yielding dairy cows up to 45 days in milk (DIM) are included. All animals were submitted to physical examination wich included checking the rectal body temperature, heart rate, respiratory and rumen contraction rates, and inspection of visible mucous coats. The body condition was scored, and blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentrations were assayed. The cows were divided into 3 groups: first group (control) (n=24) with blood β-hydroxybutyrate level <1.2 mmol/l, second group (n=15) with blood β-hydroxybutyrate between 1.2-2.6 mmol/l (subclinical ketosis) and third group (n=8) with blood β-hydroxybutyrate >2.6 mmol/l (clinical ketosis). Whole blood samples were obtained and analyzed for Red Blood Cell (RBC, 1012/l), Hemoglobin (HGB, g/l), Hematocrit (HCT, %), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV, fl), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH, pg), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC, g/l), White Blood Cell (WBC, 109/l), Lymphocytes (LYM, 109/l), Monocytes (MON, 109/l), Granulocytes (GRA, 109/l), Red Blood Distribution Width (RDW, %), Red Blood Cell Distribution Width Absolute (RDWa, fl), Platelets (PLT, 109/l) and Mean Platelet Volume (MPV, fl). In this study, deviations in the clinical parameters in the control group and in those with subclinical ketosis were not identified. The cows from the third group (clinical ketosis) exhibited hypotonia, anorexia and body weight loss vs. control group. Hematological analysis showed leukocytosis and lymphocytosis in cows with subclinical ketosis vs. control group. In cows with clinical ketosis WBC counts decreased (leukopenia), while hemoglobin content and hematocrit values are higher vs. control group. Blood BHBA values are higher in both groups of ketotic cows vs. the control group. The other analyzed parameters (RBC, MCH, MCHC, MCV, RDW, RDWa, MON, GRA, PLT and MPV) were close to control values.
Subjective Understanding and Individual Interpretation of the Life Value “HEALTH” by the Second-Year Students of Lower Secondary Schools and of the First- and Second-Year Students of Upper Secondary Schools in Slovakia
Authors: Krásna Slávka 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The article focuses on the value “health”, as a component of the value orientation of students of lower secondary schools and upper secondary schools in our country. At the same time, it focuses on the presentation and interpretation of the results of a research conducted on a sample of students of selected schools, which was a part of a more comprehensive research on subjective understanding and individual interpretation of selected life values of lower secondary and upper secondary school students in Slovakia.
Contemporary Education – Changes of the System, Research Reports and the Dimensions of Real Social Expectations
Authors: Nowosad Inetta , Karmolińska-Jagodzik Ewa 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The article attempts to analyze transitions which have occurred in education system in Poland during last years. The authors reveal numerous changes of the system on the basis of various reports, research results, public speeches and legal acts which have been put into practice. These changes are shown from teachers’, pupils’ and parents’ point of view, and are corrected through the prism of social expectations. Moreover, the dilemmas of contemporary teacher are revealed, as well as expectations of the society which participates in constantly transforming reality of global world.
Metrology for drug delivery
Authors: Lucas Peter , Klein Stephan 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn various recently published studies, it is argued that there are underestimated risks with infusion technology, i.e., adverse incidents believed to be caused by inadequate administration of the drugs. This is particularly the case for applications involving very low-flow rates, i.e., <1 ml/h and applications involving drug delivery by means of multiple pumps. The risks in infusing are caused by a lack of awareness, incompletely understood properties of the complete drug delivery system and a lack of a proper metrological infrastructure for low-flow rates. Technical challenges such as these were the reason a European research project “Metrology for Drug Delivery” was started in 2011. In this special issue of