bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stromal Cell–Derived Factor 1 as a Biomarker of Heart Failure and Mortality Risk
Authors: Subramanian Subha , Liu Chunyu , Aviv Abraham , Ho Jennifer E. , Courchesne Paul , Muntendam Pieter , Larson Martin G. , Cheng Susan , Wang Thomas J. , Mehta Nehal N. , Levy Daniel 
Published: July 2014

Objective—

CXCL12
encodes stromal cell–derived factor 1α (SDF-1), which binds to the receptor encoded by
CXCR4
. Variation at the
CXCL12
locus is associated with coronary artery disease and endothelial progenitor cell numbers, whereas variation at the
CXCR4
locus is associated with leukocyte telomere length, which has been shown to be associated with coronary artery disease. Therefore, we examined the relationships of plasma SDF-1 levels to cardiovascular disease (CVD)–related outcomes, risk factors, leukocyte telomere length, and endothelial progenitor cells.

Approach and Results—

SDF-1 was measured in 3359 Framingham Heart Study participants. We used Cox regression to examine relationships of SDF-1 to new-onset CVD, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and all-cause mortality; we used linear regression to evaluate associations of SDF-1 with risk factors, leukocyte telomere length, and CD34+ cell phenotypes. In multivariable models, higher SDF-1 levels were associated with older age, lower levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and cigarette smoking. Higher SDF-1 levels were associated with lower CD34+ cell frequency (
P
=0.02) but not with leukocyte telomere length. During follow-up (median, 9.3 years), there were 263 new-onset CVD events, 160 myocardial infarctions, 200 heart failure events, and 385 deaths. After adjusting for clinical risk factors, SDF-1 levels were associated with heart failure (
P
=0.04) and all-cause mortality (
P
=0.003) but not with CVD (
P
=0.39) or myocardial infarction (
P
=0.10). The association of SDF-1 levels with myocardial infarction was attenuated after adjustment for high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol.

Conclusions—
After adjusting for traditional CVD risk factors, SDF-1 is associated with heart failure and all-cause mortality risk. Additional studies are needed to determine whether measurement of SDF-1 levels has clinical use.
Long-Term Mortality After First-Ever and Recurrent Stroke in Young Adults
Authors: Aarnio Karoliina , Haapaniemi Elena , Melkas Susanna , Kaste Markku , Tatlisumak Turgut , Putaala Jukka 
Published: July 2014

Background and Purpose—
Mortality after first-ever stroke, and particularly after recurrent stroke, and predictors of long-term mortality among young and middle-aged stroke patients are not well-known. We assessed 17-year risk of mortality with focus on the effect of recurrence on the risk of death of young and middle-aged patients with stroke.

Methods—
Mortality and recurrent stroke rate of 970 consecutive 30-day survivors of first-ever ischemic stroke aged 15 to 49 years (1994–2007) were studied. Prospective follow-up data came from the Finnish Care Register for Health Care and Statistics Finland. Mean follow-up was 10.2±4.3 years. We compared survival between clinical subgroups and identified factors associated with mortality. Standardized mortality ratio was calculated for demographic and pathogenetic subgroups using mortality data of the general population matched with age, sex, calendar year, and geographical area.

Results—

At the end of follow-up, 152 (15.7%) patients had died (cumulative risk, 23.0%; 95% confidence interval, 19.1%–26.9%) and 132 (13.6%) had experienced a recurrent stroke. After adjusting for baseline characteristics, recurrent stroke was statistically the most important risk factor for mortality after first-ever ischemic stroke (hazard ratio, 16.68; 95% confidence interval, 2.33–119.56;
P
=0.005). Observed mortality was 7-fold higher than the expected mortality (standardized mortality ratio, 6.94; 95% confidence interval, 5.84–8.04) and particularly high among patients who experienced a recurrent stroke (standardized mortality ratio, 14.43; 95% confidence interval, 10.11–18.74).

Conclusions—
The high mortality rates and the striking impact of recurrent stroke on the risk of death should lead to development of more robust primary and secondary prevention strategies for young patients with stroke.
Different Risk Factor Profiles for Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Hägg Stefanie , Thorn Lena M. , Forsblom Carol M. , Gordin Daniel , Saraheimo Markku , Tolonen Nina , Wadén Johan , Liebkind Ron , Putaala Jukka , Tatlisumak Turgut , Groop Per-Henrik 
Published: July 2014

Background and Purpose—
Despite the fact that patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus have a markedly increased risk of experiencing a stroke, independent risk factors for stroke and its subtypes in these patients have remained unclear.

Methods—
A total of 4083 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus from the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy (FinnDiane) Study, without a history of stroke at baseline, were included. Strokes were classified based on medical files and brain imaging. At baseline, mean age was 37.4±11.8 years, duration of diabetes mellitus was 20.0 (11.0–30.0) years, and 51% were men. During 9.0±2.7 years (36 680 patient-years) of follow-up, 105 patients experienced an ischemic stroke and 44 a hemorrhagic stroke. Cox proportional hazards analyses were performed to determine independent risk factors.

Results—

Independent risk factors for ischemic stroke were duration of diabetes mellitus, presence of diabetic nephropathy, higher hemoglobin A
1c
, higher systolic blood pressure, insulin resistance, and history of smoking, whereas sex, lipids, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and the metabolic syndrome were not associated with an increased risk. Diabetic nephropathy, severe diabetic retinopathy, higher systolic blood pressure, and lower body mass index were independently associated with hemorrhagic stroke.

Conclusions—
The risk factor profile for ischemic stroke seems partly different from that of hemorrhagic stroke in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
An Electrophysiological Dissociation between Orbitofrontal Reality Filtering and Context Source Monitoring
Authors: Bouzerda-Wahlen Aurélie , Nahum Louis , Liverani Maria Chiara , Guggisberg Adrian G. , Schnider Armin 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Memory influences behavior in multiple ways. One important aspect is to remember in what precise context in the past a piece of information was acquired (context source monitoring). Another important aspect is to sense whether an upcoming thought, composed of fragments of memories, refers to present reality and can be acted upon (orbitofrontal reality filtering). Whether these memory control processes share common underlying mechanisms is unknown. Failures of both have been held accountable for false memories, including confabulation. Electrophysiological and imaging studies suggest a dissociation but used very different paradigms. In this study, we juxtaposed the requirements of context source monitoring and reality filtering within a unique continuous recognition task, which healthy participants performed while high-resolution evoked potentials were recorded. The mechanisms dissociated both behaviorally and electrophysiologically: Reality filtering induced a frontal positivity, absence of a specific electrocortical configuration, and posterior medial orbitofrontal activity at 200–300 msec. Context source monitoring had no electrophysiological expression in this early period. It was slower and less accurate than reality filtering and induced a prolonged positive potential over frontal leads starting at 400 msec. The study demonstrates a hitherto unrecognized separation between orbitofrontal reality filtering and source monitoring. Whereas deficient orbitofrontal reality filtering is associated with reality confusion in thinking, the behavioral correlates of deficient source monitoring should be verified with controlled experimental exploration.
A Case Study of Radar Observations and WRF LES Simulations of the Impact of Ground-Based Glaciogenic Seeding on Orographic Clouds and Precipitation. Part I: Observations and Model Validations
Authors: Chu Xia , Xue Lulin , Geerts Bart , Rasmussen Roy , Breed Daniel 
Published: July 2014

AbstractProfiling airborne radar data and accompanying large-eddy-simulation (LES) modeling are used to examine the impact of ground-based glaciogenic seeding on cloud and precipitation in a shallow stratiform orographic winter storm. This storm occurred on 18 February 2009 over a mountain in Wyoming. The numerical simulations use the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model in LES mode with horizontal grid spacings of 300 and 100 m in a domain covering the entire mountain range, and a glaciogenic seeding parameterization coupled with the Thompson microphysics scheme. A series of non-LES simulations at 900-m resolution, each with different initial/boundary conditions, is validated against sounding, cloud, and precipitation data. The LES runs then are driven by the most representative 900-m non-LES simulation. The 100-m LES results compare reasonably well to the vertical-plane radar data. The modeled vertical-motion field reveals a turbulent boundary layer and gravity waves above this layer, as observed. The storm structure also validates well, but the model storm thins and weakens more rapidly than is observed. Radar reflectivity frequency-by-altitude diagrams suggest a positive seeding effect, but time- and space-matched model reflectivity diagrams only confirm this in a relative sense, in comparison with the trend in the control region upwind of seeding generators, and not in an absolute sense. A model sensitivity run shows that in this case natural storm weakening dwarfs the seeding effect, which does enhance snow mass and snowfall. Since the kinematic and microphysical structure of the storm is simulated well, future Part II of this study will examine how glaciogenic seeding impacts clouds and precipitation processes within the LES.
The Multiple Politics of Philosophy in Africa: Emancipation, Postcolonialisms, Hermeneutics, and Governance
Authors: Foé Nkolo 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to present some recent main evolutions which affected Philosophy in Africa. These evolutions are marked by the decline of ideals which emerged during the Bandung era. Such ideals concerned Liberation and Emancipation, Progress. This supposed the future affirmation of Africa as a strategic pole of power. In this perspective, Philosophy and social sciences had an important role to play. There was a consensus on the fact that philosophy could be an instrument of liberation and emancipation and a major factor of social, cultural and political change.But new paradigms emerged with globalization and its cultural logics known as postmodernism/postcolonialism. For instance, this conducted some thinkers to substitute hermeneutics, interpretation and language to the theories based on the intelligibility of the real and the necessity to transform it. This explains on the one hand the delegitimation of some main categories of modernity such as Reason, History, Nation, State, Emancipation, Progress, etc., and on the other hand, the affirmation of new alternatives on terms of Desire, Fluidity, Hybridism, Diversity, Ethnicity, all crowned by the theory of Empire. In this paper, I try to confront these recent trends in African Philosophy and the earlier trends which emerged from the fight against colonialism and imperialism in Asia, Latin America and Africa.
A cohort study of toner-handling workers on inflammatory, allergic, and oxidative stress markers
Authors: Kitamura H , Terunuma N , Kurosaki S , Hata K , Masuda M , Kochi T , Yanagi N , Murase T , Ogami A , Higashi T 
Published: July 2014

Objectives: This study examines the relationship between toner exposure and its health effects in terms of biomarkers which are known to assess the damages to humans caused by toxic material exposure. Methods: The subjects were 1504 male workers aged below 50 in 2003 in a Japanese toner and photocopier manufacturing company. Personal exposure measurements, pulmonary function tests, chest X-ray examinations, biomarker measurement, and a questionnaire about respiratory symptoms were conducted. We will report about biomarker measurement in this study. Cross-sectional survey studies and a longitudinal study from 2003 to 2008 were conducted. Results: Few significant findings were associated with the toner exposure in both the cross-sectional and the longitudinal studies. The higher toner exposure concentrations did not induce effects on increasing biomarkers. Conclusion: There was no evidence of excessive inflammatory, allergic, or oxidative stress reaction in toner-handling workers as compared to non-handling workers, despite some sporadically significant findings. There are no other reports of a longitudinal epidemiological study with regard to toner exposure; this report significantly contributes to toner exposure literature. Although in the current well-controlled working environment, the toner exposure concentrations are quite low; further studies are needed to completely understand the health effects toner may have, however small they may be.
Measuring educational needs among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using the Dutch version of the Educational Needs Assessment Tool (D-ENAT)
Authors: Zirkzee E J M , Ndosi M E , Vlieland T P M Vliet , Meesters J J L 
Published: July 2014

Objective The Educational Needs Assessment Tool (ENAT) was developed in the United Kingdom (UK) to systematically assess the educational needs of patients with rheumatic diseases. The aim of the present study was to describe the educational needs of Dutch patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by means of a Dutch version of the ENAT (D-ENAT). Methods The D-ENAT was sent to a random sample of 244 SLE patients registered at the outpatient clinic of a university hospital. D-ENAT consists of 39 items in seven domains. The D-ENAT domain scores range from 0–16 to 0–28 (higher scoring equals higher educational needs) depending of the number of items in the domain. A total D-ENAT score (0–156) is calculated by summing all 39 items. In addition, age, disease duration, gender, educational level, present information need (yes/no) and the extent of information need (1–4: nothing–everything) were recorded. Univariate regression analysis was used to examine the D-ENAT’s potential determinants. Results The response rate was 122 out of 244 (50%). The mean (% of maximum score) educational needs scores were 56% for ‘D-ENAT total score’, 62% for ‘Self-help measures’, 60% for ‘Disease process’, 58% for ‘Feelings’, 56% for ‘Treatments’, 50% for ‘Movement’, 49% for ‘Support systems’ and 46% for ‘Managing pain’. Being female was significantly associated with higher scoring on the D-ENAT total score (β 23.0; 95% CI 5.9, 40.3). Conclusion SLE patients demonstrated substantial educational needs, especially in the domains: ‘Self-help measures’, ‘Disease process’ and ‘Feelings’. The validity and practical applicability of the D-ENAT to make an inventory of SLE patients’ educational needs requires further investigation.
The Radiographic Effects of the Scarf Bunionectomy on Rearfoot Alignment
Authors: Argerakis Nicholas G. , Weil Lowell , Weil Lowell Scott , Anagnostopoulos Dimitrios , Feuerstein Catherine A. , Klein Erin E. , Boccio Ashley K. 
Published: July 2014

Statement of Purpose. Excessive pronation of the rearfoot has been implicated as a destabilizing force in the progression of hallux abducto valgus. Although the scarf bunionectomy has been shown to effectively correct the intermetatarsal angle associated with hallux valgus deformity, its effect on the rearfoot has yet to be established. The purpose of this case series is to demonstrate the effect of the scarf bunionectomy on rearfoot alignment. Methodology. Medical records were reviewed to isolate patients who underwent unilateral or bilateral scarf bunionectomies (with or without akin osteotomy) who had complete medical records, follow-up of at least 12 months, and met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Preoperative and postoperative radiographic measurements were analyzed at various postoperative time intervals. Standard deviations and statistical significance was obtained. Results. One hundred feet (71 patients) were included in this analysis. The long-term results of this study highlighted the scarf osteotomy’s ability to affect the medial longitudinal arch by decreasing the intermetatarsal angle and lateral talar-first metatarsal angle. The talar declination and calcaneal inclination angle were not significantly altered with the scarf bunionectomy. Conclusion. This case series demonstrates that the scarf bunionectomy had significant effect on radiographic alignment of the bunion deformity and medial longitudinal arch over time. However, its effect on the rearfoot position was not statistically significant. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV: Case Series
Tondiite, Cu3Mg(OH)6Cl2, the Mg-analogue of herbertsmithite
Authors: Malcherek T. , Bindi L. , Dini M. , Ghiara M. R. , Molina Donoso A. , Nestola F. , Rossi M. , Schlüter J. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractTondiite, with the simplified formula Cu3Mg(OH)6Cl2, occurs as a rare supergene mineral in a phonolitic tephrite from the type locality, Vesuvius volcano, Italy, as well as associated with haydeeite in the Santo Domingo Mine, Arica Province, Chile. It is emerald green to bright green in colour and occurs in irregularly shaped crystals, often with stepped faces. Its calculated density is 3.503 g cm−3. Tondiite crystallizes with the herbertsmithite structure type, space groupRm. Lattice parameters area= 6.8377(7) Å andc= 14.088(2)Å for the holotype material. Thecparameter may vary with Mg/Cu ratio and the presence of impurity atoms. The five strongest lines in the calculated powder diffraction pattern are [din Å(I)(hkil)]: 5.459(88)(101), 3.419(22)(110), 2.764(100)(112 3), 2.266(54)(024), 1.706(26)(220). Several tondiite crystals have been examined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and by electron microprobe analysis. The observed Mg content ranges between 0.6 and 0.7 atoms per formula unit. The structural role of Mg is discussed.
Kitagohaite, Pt7Cu, a new mineral from the Lubero region, North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Cabral A. R. , Skála R. , Vymazalová A. , Kallistová A. , Lehmann B. , Jedwab J. , Sidorinová T. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractKitagohaite, ideally Pt7Cu, is a new mineral from the Lubero region of North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo. The mineral occurs as alluvial grains that were recovered together with other Pt-rich intermetallic compounds and Au. Kitagohaite is opaque, greyish white and malleable and has a metallic lustre and a grey streak. In reflected light, kitagohaite is white and isotropic. The crystal structure of kitagohaite is cubic, space groupFmm, of the Ca7Ge type, witha= 7.7891(3) Å,V= 472.57(5) Å3andZ= 4. The strongest diffraction lines [din Å(I)(hkl)] are: 2.246 (100)(222), 1.948(8)(004), 1.377 (77)(044), 1.174(27)(622), 1.123 (31)(444) and 0.893 (13)(662). The Vickers hardness is 217 kg mm−2(VHN100), which is equivalent to a Mohs hardness of 3½ and the calculated density is 19.958(2) g cm−3. Electron-microprobe analyses gave a mean value (n= 13) of 95.49 wt.% Pt and 4.78 wt.%Cu, which corresponds to Pt6.93Cu1.07on the basis of eight atoms. The new mineral is named for the Kitagoha river, in the Lubero region.
Torrecillasite, Na(As,Sb)43+O6Cl, a new mineral from the Torrecillas mine, Iquique Province, Chile: description and crystal structure
Authors: Kampf A. R. , Nash B. P. , Dini M. , Molina Donoso A. A. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe new mineral torrecillasite (IMA2013-112), Na(As,Sb)43+O6Cl, was found at the Torrecillas mine, Iquique Province, Chile, where it occurs as a secondary alteration phase in association with anhydrite, cinnabar, gypsum, halite, lavendulan, magnesiokoritnigite, marcasite, quartz, pyrite, scorodite, wendwilsonite and other potentially new As-bearing minerals. Torrecillasite occurs as thin colourless prisms up to 0.4 mm long in jack-straw aggregates, as very thin fibres in puff balls and as massive intergrowths of needles. Prisms are elongated on [100] with diamond-shaped cross-section and irregular terminations. Crystals are transparent, with adamantine lustre and white streak. The Mohs hardness is 2½, tenacity is brittle and fracture is irregular. Cleavage on (001) is likely. The calculated density is 4.056 g cm−3. Optically, torrecillasite is biaxial (−) with α = 1.800(5), β = 1.96(1), γ = 2.03(calc.) (measured in white light). The measured 2V is 62.1(5)°, no dispersion or pleochroism were observed, the optical orientation isX=c,Y=b,Z=a. The mineral is very slowly soluble in H2O, slowly soluble in dilute HCl and rapidly soluble in concentrated HCl. The empirical formula, determined from electron-microprobe analyses, is (Na1.03Mg0.02)∑1.05(As3.39Sb0.62)∑4.01O6.07Cl0.93. Torrecillasite is orthorhombic,Pmcn, a= 5.2580(9),b= 8.0620(13),c= 18.654(3) Å,V= 790.7(2) Å3andZ= 4. The eight strongest X-ray powder diffraction lines are [dobsÅ(I)(hkl)]: 4.298(33)(111), 4.031(78)(014,020), 3.035(100)(024,122), 2.853(39)(115,123), 2.642(84)(124,200), 2.426(34)(125), 1.8963(32)(225) and 1.8026(29)(0·1·10,233). The structure, refined toR1= 4.06% for 814Fo>4σFreflections, contains a neutral, wavy As2O3layer parallel to (001) consisting of As3+O3pyramids that share O atoms to form six-membered rings. Successive layers are flipped relative to one another and successive interlayer regions contain alternately either Na or Cl atoms. Torrecillasite is isostructural with synthetic orthorhombic NaAs4O6Br.
A new form of macrothrombocytopenia induced by a germ-line mutation in the PRKACG gene
Authors: Manchev Vladimir T. , Hilpert Morgane , Berrou Eliane , Elaib Ziane , Aouba Achille , Boukour Siham , Souquere Sylvie , Pierron Gerard , Rameau Philippe , Andrews Robert , Lanza François , Bobe Regis , Vainchenker William , Rosa Jean-Philippe , Bryckaert Marijke , Debili Najet , Favier Remi , Raslova Hana 
Published: July 2014

Key PointsWe identify a new type of autosomal recessive macrothrombocytopenia associated with a mutation in PRKACG, coding the PKA catalytic subunit. The homozygous PRKACG mutation leads to a deep defect in proplatelet formation that was restored by the overexpression of wild-type PRKACG.
CYR61/CCN1 overexpression in the myeloma microenvironment is associated with superior survival and reduced bone disease
Authors: Johnson Sarah K. , Stewart James P. , Bam Rakesh , Qu Pingping , Barlogie Bart , van Rhee Frits , Shaughnessy John D. , Epstein Joshua , Yaccoby Shmuel 
Published: July 2014

Key Points
CYR61/CCN1 is a bone marrow microenvironmental biomarker for myeloma progression and for transformation of MGUS and asymptomatic disease to overt myeloma. CCN1 reduces myeloma bone disease and tumor growth and is a potential therapeutic target for myeloma.