bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Explicit High-Moment Forking Lemma and its Applications to the Concrete Security of Multi-Signatures
Authors: Segev Gil , Shapira Liat 
Published: July 2024

In this work we first present an explicit forking lemma that distills the information-theoretic essence of the high-moment technique introduced by Rotem and Segev (CRYPTO '21), who analyzed the security of identification protocols and Fiat-Shamir signature schemes. Whereas the technique of Rotem and Segev was particularly geared towards two specific cryptographic primitives, we present a stand-alone probabilistic lower bound, which does not involve any underlying primitive or idealized model. The key difference between our lemma and previous ones is that instead of focusing on the tradeoff between the worst-case or expected running time of the resulting forking algorithm and its success probability, we focus on the tradeoff between higher moments of its running time and its success probability.
Equipped with our lemma, we then establish concrete security bounds for the BN and BLS multi-signature schemes that are significantly tighter than the concrete security bounds established by Bellare and Neven (CCS '06) and Boneh, Drijvers and Neven (ASIACRYPT '18), respectively. Our analysis does not limit adversaries to any idealized algebraic model, such as the algebraic group model in which all algorithms are assumed to provide an algebraic justification for each group element they produce. Our bounds are derived in the random-oracle model based on the standard-model second-moment hardness of the discrete logarithm problem (for the BN scheme) and the computational co-Diffie-Hellman problem (for the BLS scheme). Such second-moment assumptions, asking that the success probability of any algorithm in solving the underlying computational problems is dominated by the second moment of the algorithm's running time, are particularly plausible in any group where no better-than-generic algorithms are currently known.
Randomness Generation for Secure Hardware Masking – Unrolled Trivium to the Rescue
Authors: Cassiers Gaëtan , Masure Loïc , Momin Charles , Moos Thorben , Moradi Amir , Standaert François-Xavier 
Published: July 2024

Masking is a prominent strategy to protect cryptographic implementations against side-channel analysis. Its popularity arises from the exponential security gains that can be achieved for (approximately) quadratic resource utilization. Many variants of the countermeasure tailored for different optimization goals have been proposed. The common denominator among all of them is the implicit demand for robust and high entropy randomness. Simply assuming that uniformly distributed random bits are available, without taking the cost of their generation into account, leads to a poor understanding of the efficiency vs. security tradeoff of masked implementations. This is especially relevant in case of hardware masking schemes which are known to consume large amounts of random bits per cycle due to parallelism. Currently, there seems to be no consensus on how to most efficiently derive many pseudo-random bits per clock cycle from an initial seed and with properties suitable for masked hardware implementations. In this work, we evaluate a number of building blocks for this purpose and find that hardware-oriented stream ciphers like Trivium and its reduced-security variant Bivium B outperform most competitors when implemented in an unrolled fashion. Unrolled implementations of these primitives enable the flexible generation of many bits per cycle, which is crucial for satisfying the large randomness demands of state-of-the-art masking schemes. According to our analysis, only Linear Feedback Shift Registers (LFSRs), when also unrolled, are capable of producing long non-repetitive sequences of random-looking bits at a higher rate per cycle for the same or lower cost as Trivium and Bivium B. Yet, these instances do not provide black-box security as they generate only linear outputs. We experimentally demonstrate that using multiple output bits from an LFSR in the same masked implementation can violate probing security and even lead to harmful randomness cancellations. Circumventing these problems, and enabling an independent analysis of randomness generation and masking, requires the use of cryptographically stronger primitives like stream ciphers. As a result of our studies, we provide an evidence-based estimate for the cost of securely generating

n

fresh random bits per cycle. Depending on the desired level of black-box security and operating frequency, this cost can be as low as

20
n

to

30
n

ASIC gate equivalents (GE) or

3
n

to

4
n

FPGA look-up tables (LUTs), where

n

is the number of random bits required. Our results demonstrate that the cost per bit is (sometimes significantly) lower than estimated in previous works, incentivizing parallelism whenever exploitable. This provides further motivation to potentially move low randomness usage from a primary to a secondary design goal in hardware masking research.
FEDT: Forkcipher-based Leakage-resilient Beyond-birthday-secure AE
Authors: Datta Nilanjan , Dutta Avijit , List Eik , Mandal Sougata 
Published: July 2024

There has been a notable surge of research on leakage-resilient authenticated encryption (AE) schemes, in the bounded as well as the unbounded leakage model. The latter has garnered significant attention due to its detailed and practical orientation. Designers have commonly utilized (tweakable) block ciphers, exemplified by the TEDT scheme, achieving

𝒪
(
n
−
log
(

n
2

)
)

-bit integrity under leakage and comparable AE security in the black-box setting. However, the privacy of TEDT was limited by

n
/
2

-bits under leakage; TEDT2 sought to overcome these limitations by achieving improved security with

𝒪
(
n
−
log
n
)

-bit integrity and privacy under leakage.
This work introduces FEDT, an efficient leakage-resilient authenticated encryption (AE) scheme based on fork-cipher. Compared to the state-of-the-art schemes TEDT and TEDT2, which process messages with a rate of

1
/
2

block per primitive call for encryption and one for authentication, FEDT doubles their rates at the price of a different primitive. FEDT employs a more parallelizable tree-based encryption compared to its predecessors while maintaining

𝒪
(
n
−
log
n
)

-bit security for both privacy and integrity under leakage. FEDT prioritizes high throughput at the cost of increased latency. For settings where latency is important, we propose FEDT*, which combines the authentication part of FEDT with a CTR-based encryption. FEDT* offers security equivalent to FEDT while increasing the encryption rate of

4
/
3

and reducing the latency.
Decentralized Multi-Client Functional Encryption with Strong Security
Authors: Nguyen Ky , Pointcheval David , Schädlich Robert 
Published: July 2024

Decentralized Multi-Client Functional Encryption (DMCFE) extends the basic functional encryption to multiple clients that do not trust each other. They can independently encrypt the multiple plaintext-inputs to be given for evaluation to the function embedded in the functional decryption key, defined by multiple parameter-inputs. And they keep control on these functions as they all have to contribute to the generation of the functional decryption keys. Tags can be used in the ciphertexts and the keys to specify which inputs can be combined together. As any encryption scheme, DMCFE provides privacy of the plaintexts. But the functions associated to the functional decryption keys might be sensitive too (e.g. a model in machine learning). The function-hiding property has thus been introduced to additionally protect the function evaluated during the decryption process.
In this paper, we provide new proof techniques to analyze a new concrete construction of function-hiding DMCFE for inner products, with strong security guarantees: the adversary can adaptively query multiple challenge ciphertexts and multiple challenge keys, with unbounded repetitions of the same tags in the ciphertext-queries and a fixed polynomially-large number of repetitions of the same tags in the key-queries. Previous constructions were proven secure in the selective setting only.
Contribuciones creadas en Espacios de Inteligencia Virtual Colectiva y su Proyección en el Diseño de Sonidos en Videojuegos
Authors: Alonso Guisande Miguel Ángel , Lopez Fraile Luis Antonio 
Published: July 2024

En la sociedad digital actual, las interacciones generadas por los usuarios de espacios virtuales colaborativos en internet transforman el diseño audiovisual de productos digitales de gran presupuesto como las producciones de videojuegos catalogadas AAA.
Las comunidades virtuales de fans de un producto digital notorio, registran una gran relevancia por su presencia en la red, debido a la influencia progresiva de las contribuciones generadas por sus usuarios. Estas comunidades fandom son instauradas como espacios virtuales colaborativos en el que sus usuarios comparten conocimientos y experiencias sobre un tema o producto audiovisual de interés.
La presente investigación se encuentra focalizada en el estudio de la comunidad virtual de fans del videojuego procedural titulado No Man´s Sky en 2016, y cómo se proyectan las contribuciones de la wiki fandom en las actualizaciones oficiales publicadas hasta febrero de 2024.
Utilizando una metodología científica asentada en el análisis de contenido de las interacciones de usuarios registrados, se propone un estudio exploratorio compuesto por una etnografía virtual que identifica los contenidos generados en materia de audio desde la comunidad virtual que han suscitado modificaciones en la producción de las actualizaciones del videojuego analizado, estableciendo así una correlación efectiva con la evolución tecnológica del título en cuestión.
Association of Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy with HbA1c Level.
Authors: Asif Muhammad , Noman Fazal , Karim Samina , Rasul Javed 
Published: July 2024

Objective: To compare the association of the severity of Diabetic Retinopathy with the level of HbA1c.
Methodology:
This cross-sectional study was conducted at Pak International Medical College and Hospital Peshawar from March (2019) to June (2019) after approval of ethical review board. Using consecutive sampling technique, total of 106 patients with Diabetic Mellitus type -2 were enrolled in the study who presented to out patient department of ophthalmology, Pak International Medical College and Hospital, Peshawar. Non diabetic patients and those who did not give consent to participate were excluded. After informed consent, full ophthalmologic examination was carried out for each patient. Diabetic retinopathy was graded as 0-5. No diabetic changes were labeled as Grade-0, and mild to moderate NPDR were included in Grade-1, CSME with NPDR as Grade 2, PDR as Grade 3, Advanced DR (VIT HE+ RD) was labeled as Grade 4, and nerve Palsy, CRAO, CRVO was labeled as Grade-5. Frequency and percentages were calculated for categorical data while mean, maximum, minimum, and standard deviation for continuous data via SPSS version- 27. One way ANOVA was applied to check for significance. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results
Out of the 106 participants, 44 were male (41.50%) and 62 were female (58.50%). Among participants, Grade -2 (HbA1c range 8-12) comprised the highest percentage of patients at 44.3%, followed by Grade-1 (HbA1c range 5-8) with 35.8%, and Grade -3 (HbA1c range 12-15) with 19.8%. This suggests that as HbA1c values increase, the severity of DMR tends to escalate, emphasizing the critical role of glycemic control in managing diabetic complications affecting the retina.
Conclusion
As the HbA1c level increases the severity of diabetic retinopathy increases.
Perkembangan Media Sosial Terhadap Perubahan Sosial Masyarakat Di Indonesia Tahun 2000-Sekarang
Authors: Nitami Lambok Indri 
Published: July 2024

Perkembangan media sosial dikalangan masyarakat semakin cepat. Kepesatan perkembangan media sosial dikarenakan semua orang sudah bisa mengakses media sosial sendiri. Media sosial menghapus batasan-batasan manusia untuk bersosialisasi batasan ruang dan waktu. Perkembangan teknologi informasi membawa sebuah perubahan dalam masyarakat. Lahirnya media sosial menjadikan pola perilaku masyarakat mengalami pergeseran baik budaya, etika dan norma yang ada. Dengan menggunakan studi Pustaka (library research) yaitu metode pengumpulan data dengan cara memahami dan mempelajari teori-teori dari berbagai literatur yang berhubungan dengan penelitian. Hasilnya membahas pengertian media sosial, dampak media sosial terhadap perubahan sosial masyarakat di Indonesia dan perkembangan media sosial terhadap perubahan masyarakat di Indonesia tahun 2000- sekarang
Analisis Determinan Dan Pola Migrasi Internal Penduduk Provinsi Kepulauan Riau
Authors: Sari Dian Kartika , ERWIN TANUR  
Published: July 2024

Provinsi Kepulauan Riau merupakan provinsi dengan jumlah migran seumur hidup tertinggi, yaitu sebesar 40,55 persen. Selama sepuluh tahun terakhir telah terjadi perubahan pola migrasi penduduk di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau, yang ditunjukkan dengan pertumbuhan penduduk yang semakin melambat, migrasi risen neto yang hampir berimbang antar migrasi masuk dan keluar. Penelitian terkait permasalahan migrasi di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau belum banyak dilakukan. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut terkait karakteristik migran masuk serta pola migrasi internal agar mampu memberi gambaran utuh terkait kondisi migrasi di Kepulauan Riau sehingga dapat diambil kebijakan dalam pembangunan kependudukan. Pola migrasi internal menunjukkan Batam masih menjadi daerah tujuan migrasi favorit. Hasil Smote Regresi Logistik menunjukkan bahwa yang berpengaruh terhadap migrasi ke Batam dan luar Batam yaitu status pekerjaan, kelompok umur milenial dan gen Z, pendidikan serta jenis kelamin. Pemerintah Provinsi Kepulauan Riau, hendaknya melakukan perluasan kesempatan kerja dan investasi di beberapa daerah penyangga, seperti Karimun dan Bintan, selain itu isu konektivitas antar pulau di Kepulauan Riau juga perlu segera ditangani untuk mengatasi permasalah migrasi di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau.
Strategi Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan Melalui Penguatan Program Dalam Perencanaan Pendidikan
Authors: Akhmad Akhmad 
Published: July 2024

Perencanaan merupakan suatu unsur strategis yang sangat penting sebagai pedoman untuk melaksanakan kegiatan yang bertujuan mencapai tujuan atau sasaran yang diinginkan. Proses perencanaan merupakan serangkaian kegiatan yang dilakukan sebagai persiapan pengambilan keputusan mengenai apa yang boleh dilakukan dan apa yang tidak boleh dilakukan. Dalam pendidikan Islam, perencanaan adalah salah satu elemen kunci untuk pelaksanaan kegiatan pendidikan yang efektif baik di tingkat nasional maupun lokal. Namun dalam praktik pendidikan Islam, perencanaan pendidikan dianggap sebagai unsur tambahan dan tujuan tidak tercapai secara maksimal. Pentingnya perencanaan strategis bagi pengembangan pendidikan Islam di Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa masih perlu adanya upaya-upaya penyelenggaraan pendidikan Islam di Indonesia untuk memposisikan diri sedemikian rupa sehingga pendidikan Islam benar-benar dapat mencapai tujuannya
PENERAPAN METODE BERMAIN PERAN UNTUK MENGENALKAN KONSEP SOCIAL STUDIES PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Tambunan Tuti Artika , Agustina Winarti 
Published: July 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana metode bermain peran dapat mengenalkan konsep pengetahuan ilmu sosial pada AUD. Dengan metode bermain peran anak dituntun untuk mengenal konsep pengetahuan ilmu sosial. Dimana Ilmu Sosial (bahasa Inggris: social science) atau Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (Inggris: social studies) adalah sekelompok disiplin akademis yang mempelajari aspek-aspek yang berhubungan dengan manusia dan lingkungan sosialnya. Dapat disimpulkan Dengan mempelajari ilmu sosial, anak belajar mengenal diri dan lingkungan sosialnya. Selain itu, dengan memahami diri dan lingkungan sosialnya, anak akan belajar menempatkan diri sesuai dengan situasi dan kondisi yang mereka hadapi. Dalam mengenalkan konsep ilmu sosial anak khususnya bagi Anak usia dini dapat menerapkan metode bermain peran yang adalah cara penguasaan bahan-bahan pelajaran melalui pengembangan imajinasi dan penghayatan dilakukan siswa dengan memerankannya sebagai tokoh hidup atau benda mati. Permainan ini pada umumnya dilakukan lebih dari satu orang, tergantung pada apa yang diperankan. Dengan bermain peran maka anak dapat mengekspresikan serta memahami kondisi di sekitar lingkungannya. Maka dari itu seorang Guru harus mengetahui pengertian ilmu sosial dan mengetahui metode bermain peran dalam hal mengenalkan konsep ilmu pengetahuan sosial pada anak usia dini. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu anak usia dini.
PENGARUH METODE PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL ENGKLEK TERHADAP PENINGKATAN BERHITUNG ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN DI TK BINA KREATIF SIPOHOLON
Authors: Purba Susi 
Published: July 2024

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adakah pengaruh peningkatan kemampuan berhitung pada anak setelah melakukan metode permainan engklek pada anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Bina Kreatif Sipoholon. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen, dengan populasi seluruh anak TK Bina Kreatif yang berjumlah 45 orang dengan sampel berjumlah 30 orang. Data dikumpulkan dengan angket tertutup sebanyak 30 item yang disusun oleh penulis berdasarkan indikator variabel sesuai teori ahli. Ujicoba angket dilakukan kepada 30 anak usia 5-6 tahun diluar sampel penelitian, dan telah diuji validitas dan realibilitasnya. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap peningkatan kemampuan berhitung pada anak usia 5-6 tahun setelah melakukan metode permainan engklek dengan koefisien determinasi (r2) = 17,90% dan diuji normalitas variabel X median 49,2 mean = 50,9 modus 49,251, dan uji normalitas variabel Y nilai mean = 40,2 modus = 31,5 median = 36. rhitung > rtabel 0,424 > 0,361 uji thitung > ttabel 2,476 > 2,048, Uji regresi = 11,56 + 0,562

Kata Kunci: Metode Permainan, Kemampuan Berhitung, Tradisonal Engklek.
PENANANAMAN NILAI KEDISIPLINAN MELALUI METODE BERCERITA UNTUK ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Nur Handayani Iys , Isnaningsih Anti 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan penenanaman nilai kedisiplinan melalui metode bercerita untuk anak usia dini. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kualitatif dan dilaksanakan di PAUD IT Harapan Bunda Klaten. Obyek dari penelitian ini adalah guru-guru dan anak didik kelompok A dan kelompok B. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan teknik pengecekan keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber, triangulasi teknik, triangulasi waktu. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah penanaman nilai kedisiplinan melalui metode bercerita di PAUD IT Harapan Bunda Klaten yaitu melalui kegiatan pembelajaran dan kegiatan awal pagi. Dimulai dengan menyusun RPPH dan menyiapkan alat dan bahan pembelajaran. Selanjutnya guru menerapkan penanaman nilai kedisiplinan melelui metode bercerita pada saat pembelajaran. Penanaman nilai kedisiplinan bertema pengalaman-pengalaman dan kisah seri anak disiplin. Guru menggunakan media seperti boneka tangan, boneka jari dan buku cerita bergambar. Dengan metode bercerita tersebut maka anak dapat menerapkan nilai kedisiplinan lingkungan PAUD IT Harapan Bunda Klaten. Nilai kedisiplinan yang diterapkan di PAUD IT Harapan Bunda Klaten sebagai berikut: a) Anak memakai seragam sesuai jadwal yang sudah di tentukan; b) Anak datang tepat waktu/tidak terlambat; c) Anak antri saat masuk kelas, mengambil makanan dan berwudzu; c) Anak membuang sampah pada tempat sampah; d) Anak meletakkan sepatu di rak sepatu; e) Anak merapikan mainan setelah selesai bermain; e) Anak mentaati tata tertib di sekolah dan kelas.
Predictive models for secondary epilepsy in patients with acute ischemic stroke within one year
Authors: Liu Jinxin , He Haoyue , Wang Yanglingxi , Du Jun , Liang Kaixin , Xue Jun , Liang Yidan , Chen Peng , Tian Shanshan , Deng Yongbing 
Published: July 2024

Background:Post-stroke epilepsy (PSE) is a critical complication that worsens both prognosis and quality of life in patients with ischemic stroke. An interpretable machine learning model was developed to predict PSE using medical records from four hospitals in Chongqing.Methods:Medical records, imaging reports, and laboratory test results from 21,459 ischemic stroke patients were collected and analyzed. Univariable and multivariable statistical analyses identified key predictive factors. The dataset was split into a 70% training set and a 30% testing set. To address the class imbalance, the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique combined with Edited Nearest Neighbors was employed. Nine widely used machine learning algorithms were evaluated using relevant prediction metrics, with SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) used to interpret the model and assess the contributions of different features.Results:Regression analyses revealed that complications such as hydrocephalus, cerebral hernia, and deep vein thrombosis, as well as specific brain regions (frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes), significantly contributed to PSE. Factors such as age, gender, NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, and laboratory results like WBC count and D-dimer levels were associated with increased PSE risk. Tree-based methods like Random Forest, XGBoost, and LightGBM showed strong predictive performance, achieving an AUC of 0.99.Conclusions:The model accurately predicts PSE risk, with tree-based models demonstrating superior performance. NIHSS score, WBC count, and D-dimer were identified as the most crucial predictors.Funding:The research is funded by Central University basic research young teachers and students research ability promotion sub-projec t(2023CDJYGRH-ZD06), and by Emergency Medicine Chongqing Key Laboratory Talent Innovation and development joint fund project (2024RCCX10).
Catalysis of Enantioselective Strecker Reaction in the Synthesis of D‐Homophenylalanine Using Recyclable, Chiral, Macrocyclic MnIII–Salen Complexes
Authors: Saravanan S. , Khan Noor‐ul H. , Bera Prasanta K. , Kureshy Rukhsana I. , Abdi Sayed H. R. , Kumari Prathibha , Bajaj Hari C. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractA convenient approach to the asymmetric Strecker reaction was established by synthesizing chiral, mono‐ and dinuclear, macrocyclic MnIII–salen complexes possessing achiral and chiral linkers (trigol, piperazine, and diethyl tartarate). This group of macrocyclic complexes has emerged as improved metal‐based catalysts for the enantioselective Strecker reaction of aldimines, giving high enantioselectivity (up to 99 %) for a wide range of substrates. The macrocylic complex 6 a with trigol linker works very well with TMSCN (trimethylsilyl cyanide) as a source of cyanide, using 4‐phenyl pyridine N‐oxide (4‐PPyNO) as a co‐catalyst in toluene at −40 °C. However, the macrocyclic complex 6 b with diethyl tartarate as a linker affected excellent chiral induction for both aromatic and aliphatic imines with a safer cyanide source (ethyl cyanoformate) in toluene at −20 °C in the presence of N,N‐diisopropylimine as a co‐catalyst. Complexes 6 a and 6 b used in the present study were recoverable and recyclable (five times) with retention of their performance at gram level. The kinetic study with complex 6 a for the enantioselective Strecker reaction of N‐benzyl benzylimine revealed a first‐order dependence on catalyst, substrate, and TMSCN concentration. This protocol with catalyst 6 b was further extended for the synthesis of D‐homophenyl alanine, an important analogue in factor Xa inhibitors.