bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychoses of Epilepsy: Unravelling the Phenotypic and Genotypic Features
Authors: Rayner Genevieve , Honybun Eliza , Bahlo Melanie , Oliver Karen L. , Scheffer Ingrid E. 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesWe analyzed the genotypic and phenotypic features of patients with psychosis of epilepsy (POE).MethodsPatients with POE recruited to an epilepsy genetics research program underwent phenotyping and genetic analysis. The latter included screening for rare pathogenic variants in epilepsy genes, and polygenic risk score (PRS) calculation for common risk variants associated with schizophrenia.ResultsOne hundred twenty‐two individuals with POE were identified. Eighty‐six of 122 of the individuals (70%) had interictal psychosis, with schizophrenia the most common interictal phenotype (36/86, 42%). Twenty‐eight of 122 of the individuals (23%) had postictal psychosis (PIP), 2 of 122 of the individuals (2%) had antiseizure medication‐induced psychosis, and 6 of 122 of the individuals (5%) had substance‐induced psychosis. Focal epilepsies were more frequently associated with PIP (24/28, 86%) compared to interictal psychosis (39/86, 45%; p < 0.05). Twenty‐nine percent of the patients with POE with genetic data had a rare pathogenic variant: 19 in an epilepsy gene (PCDH19, SCN1A, DEPDC5, KCNT1, CHD2, SLC2A1, NPRL3, CLN3, NPRL3, ATP1A3, and CACNA1A) and 4 had a chromosomal anomaly. Fifty‐seven percent of the patients with a rare pathogenic variant had interictal schizophrenia/schizophreniform disorder rather than PIP (9%; p < 0.05). PRSs showed that schizophrenia‐related common risk variants were enriched in patients with POE compared to population controls (p = 0.0007), however, among the POE phenotypes, a raised PRS was only observed in interictal schizophrenia (p = 0.015) and not in those with PIP or other interictal POEs.InterpretationInterictal POE is threefold more common than PIP, and more likely to be associated with both rare pathogenic variants for epilepsy and common risk variants for schizophrenia. Distinguishing between different POE phenotypes enhances clinical practice and our understanding of etiology, paving the way for precision medicine. ANN NEUROL 2025
Noble Gas Provides a Solution to the Synthesis‐On‐Inert‐Surfaces Challenge for Extended Covalent Nanostructures
Authors: Grossmann Lukas , Korn Sascha , Breuer Rochus , Schmittel Michael , Weber Heiko B. , Heckl Wolfgang M. , Lackinger Markus 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA key milestone in the field of On‐Surface Synthesis (OSS) is the development of generic protocols for covalent coupling on inert surfaces. Typically, metal surfaces are used in OSS, but the strong interactions distort the intrinsic properties of the synthesized nanostructures and therefore compromise their applicability. Inert surfaces, on the other hand, preserve the nanostructures’ unique properties, but present challenges during synthesis: Activation energies are generally higher than on metal surfaces, hence thermally activated coupling on inert surfaces is severely hampered by competing premature desorption of the reactants. Using the coupling of 1,3,5‐tris(4‐mercaptophenyl)benzene (TMB) via carbon‐sulfur‐carbon thioether bonds, we demonstrate that annealing in a noble gas atmosphere instead of in a vacuum kinetically inhibits desorption. This allows covalent coupling on both inert graphite and even more weakly interacting graphene surfaces. We anticipate generic potential for this approach, with future experiments exploring the expandability of ambient pressure annealing to a portfolio of other coupling protocols.
Higher Contrast in 1H‐Observed NMR Ligand Screening with the PEARLScreen Experiment
Authors: Lorz Nils , Czarniecki Barbara , Loss Sandra , Meier Benno , Gossert Alvar D. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFor initial hit identification in fragment‐based drug design, NMR is one of the preferred methods, with the well‐established ligand screening experiments T1ρ, waterLOGSY and STD. Here, we present a new, perfect echo‐based experiment with superior binding sensitivity, the PEARLScreen. The sensitivity enhancement is based on longer relaxation delays as well as active exchange broadening, enabled by the perfect echo scheme. This allowed a reduction of the protein concentration by up to one order of magnitude in comparison to the conventional experiments on the same screening setup without losing binding sensitivity. The experiment was tested throughout the whole field range of commercially available spectrometers from 80 to 1200 MHz, where at the highest field even a reduction of the required protein amount by a factor of 40 is within reach, thanks to larger compound mixtures and enhanced exchange effects. Based on the superior performance already on standard NMR setups, we expect the PEARLScreen to become the standard screening experiment for 1H‐detected ligand screening.
Nanopore Confinement‐driven Synchronous Enhancement of Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Phase Change Materials
Authors: Qiu Lin , Wang Zhaoyi , Liu Zihan , Li Haimo , Feng Yanhui 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPhase change materials (PCM) need highly thermally conductive inorganic porous skeletons to encapsulate and shape to reduce their leakage and enhance their thermal conduction. With the pore size shrinking to nanoscale, the crystallization, kinematic and thermal transport behaviors of PCM would be significantly changed. This work experimentally corroborates an intriguing nanopore confinement space effect that synchronously enhances the thermal conductivity and Young's modulus of representative PCM once encapsulated in nanoporous aluminum oxide using nanometer resolution thermal and mechanical mapping technique. Molecular dynamic simulation further reveals that the shortened hydrogen bond length due to the nanopore confinement facilitates the heat conduction of PCM, which refreshes the routine understanding that smaller space leads to reduction in thermal and mechanical properties.
Regulating Molecular Chain Entanglement to Enhance Spinnability: Optimizing PMIA Fiber Production Through Neutralizer Selection
Authors: Zhang Jiayi , Yan Xiang , Liang Shuheng , Xu Zhao , Shi Leyuan , Cao Kaikai , Zhou Wanli , Peng Tao , Liu Pengqing , Jiang Mengjin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSynthesis of poly‐m‐phenylene isophthalamide (PMIA) solutions via polycondensation inherently generates HCl as a by‐product, adversely affecting polymer stability and necessitating neutralization. Introducing neutralizers adds water, a non‐solvent for PMIA, and cosolvent salts into the solution. Water induces curling of the polymer chains, reducing interchain entanglement and decreasing viscosity and elasticity of the solution. Adversely, cosolvent salts containing central ions with higher valence states and smaller ionic radii exhibit increased charge density and polarization capacity. It promotes more effective coordination bonding, forming a stronger entanglement network that affects the rheological properties of the spinning solution. This study systematically investigates the rheological behavior of PMIA solutions neutralized with different agents and characterize the structure and properties of fibers produced via the dry‐jet‐wet spinning. Results reveal that solutions neutralized with Li2CO3 or CaCO3 exhibit appropriate viscosity and relatively low levels of chain entanglement, which are conducive to enhanced spinnability. Moreover, fibers spun from these solutions display smooth surfaces and elliptical cross‐sections without noticeable defects or voids. Considering both economic viability and the superior mechanical properties of the fibers, CaCO3 is the preferred neutralizer for PMIA solutions, resulting in fibers with high tensile strength (4.87 cN/dtex) due to increased crystallinity and molecular orientation.
The Structuring Role of Rhodolith Beds on Meiobenthic Communities in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Cocozza di Montanara Adele , Semprucci Federica , Rendina Francesco , Russo Giovanni Fulvio , Sandulli Roberto 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRhodolith beds are globally distributed structurally complex habitats formed by the aggregation of unattached forms of non‐geniculate coralline red algae. They provide key ecosystem functions and services, supporting feeding, settlement and nursery provision for several species. Despite their importance, the associated faunal biodiversity is poorly known, particularly with regard to meiofauna. The Mediterranean is particularly lacking in data; here, meiofaunal samples were collected in three sites from the Tyrrhenian Sea (Italy) aiming to characterize for the first time the meiofaunal communities associated with mesophotic rhodolith beds, exploring whether the microhabitat structure of rhodoliths influences variations in meiofaunal composition compared to the underlying sediment microhabitat. A total of 17 taxa was recorded. A high level of dissimilarity was found between the two different microhabitat types (i.e., rhodoliths and sediments), suggesting that meiofauna is more influenced by ‘micro’ than ‘macro’ spatial scale from both a qualitative and quantitative point of view. Rhodoliths showed a distinct meiofauna represented by copepods and many representative taxa of temporary meiofauna (macrofaunal juveniles), supporting the nursery role of rhodoliths. Conversely, sediments were mainly composed of sediment‐dwelling organisms (nematodes and platyhelminthes). The presence of such a multifaceted meiobenthic community, especially in more structurally complex rhodoliths, might favour the resilience of the system and recovery processes after environmental perturbations. These findings underline the key role of rhodoliths as habitat formers and biodiversity/stability enhancers in coastal ecosystems.
Microcystin‐Lr‐Induced Changes in Growth Performance, Intestinal Microbiota, and Lipid Metabolism of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens)
Authors: Gu Peng , Ding Yi , Zhang Wanqing , Yang Kunlun , Zhang Zengshuai , Ren Xueli , Su Hua , Miao Hengfeng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBiological treatment by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) has proven to be an effective method for the resource utilization of cyanobacteria, but the effects of microcystin‐LR (MC‐LR) in cyanobacteria on BSFL growth have not been adequately explored. To evaluate the inhibitory effect and toxic mechanism of MC‐LR on BSFL, the growth performance and intestinal microbiota were examined after exposure to 0, 10, 100, and 1000 μg/kg of MC‐LR. The larval weight and survival rate were each significantly inhibited by 21.53% and 21.49% compared with the control group, respectively, after exposure at a concentration of 1000 μg/kg MC‐LR for 16 days. Lipid accumulation, intestinal inflammation, and oxidative stress were observed in three treatment groups, with dose‐dependent inflammation ocurring in the intestine. Compared with the control group, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity levels were significantly increased by 74.91% and 49.58%, respectively, which confirmed the occurrence of oxidative stress induced by MC‐LR. Furthermore, MC‐LR altered the diversity of intestinal microbiota and increased the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Paenibacillus, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, and Lachnoclostridium), which increased the risk of disease in BSFL and contributed to observed metabolic disorders. On the other hand, qRT‐PCR analysis further confirmed the occurrence of oxidative stress and the activation of the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor signaling pathway, resulting in the upregulation of fatty acid synthesis‐related genes, ultimately leading to lipid accumulation and apoptosis. These findings provide valuable insights into the ecological risks associated with MC‐LR during the process of cyanobacterial resource utilization.
Intron Retention, an Orchestrated Program of Gene Expression Regulation
Authors: Zhou Hua , Deng Xing Wang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntron retention (IR), a well‐conserved form of alternative splicing, is widespread among eukaryotic organisms. It serves as an orchestrated program for regulating gene expression. A previously reported role of IR is to induce intron‐retained transcript (IRT) degradation via the nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway, resulting in the downregulation of gene expression. However, accumulating evidence indicates that most IRTs are detained in the nucleus, and thus, IR can downregulate gene expression through the storage of IRTs in the nucleus. Although the importance of IRTs in gene expression regulation is well established, the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we propose a potential model to explain how IRTs are retained in the nucleus and respond to environmental changes or developmental transitions. Plenty of future studies are still ahead of us to fully dissect the biological function of IR and the underlying mechanisms.
Maintenance Therapy With Avelumab for Patients With Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: A Real‐World, Ambispective RAVE‐Bladder Study
Authors: Tsimafeyeu Ilya , Gridneva Yana , Sultanbaev Alexander , Anzhiganova Yulia , Gluzman Mark , Mochalova Anastasia , Shkurat Alexey , Israelyan Edgar , Parsadanova Elvira , Murzina Yulia , Ivanov Aleksei , Kalpinskiy Alexey , Stativko Olesia , Petkau Vladislav , Karabina Elena , Kеln Artyom , Tovbik Natalya , Safina Sufia , Turganova Maria , Kopyltsov Evgeny , Bragina Varvara , Novikova Olga , Lebedinets Andrei , Vodolazskiy Vladislav , Rumyantsev Alexey , Zukov Ruslan , Pokataev Ilya , Orlova Rashida , Volkova Maria 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis ambispective study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of avelumab maintenance in a real‐world population of patients with metastatic urothelial cancer (UC).MethodsPatients with metastatic UC and measurable disease that had not progressed following first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy were treated with maintenance avelumab (800 mg administered every 2 weeks). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS).ResultsA total of 110 patients were enrolled. The majority of patients were male (81%), with a median age of 65 years (range, 36–84). The median OS was not reached, with a 1‐year OS rate of 78.7%. The median PFS was 9.5 months (95% CI, 7.8–11.2 months). The ORR to first‐line chemotherapy was 48.2%, and an additional 34.6% of patients responded to avelumab therapy (16 complete and 22 partial responses). Grade 3 adverse events during avelumab therapy were experienced by 11.8% of patients.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate similar efficacy and safety of avelumab in a real‐world setting when compared to data from pivotal study.Trial Registration: KCRB registry number: RAVE‐Bladder
The Role of Lymphocyte Recovery Index in Prognosis Prediction for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer With Radiation‐Induced Lymphopenia
Authors: Li Yi , Liu Ao , Wang Xin , Guo Longxiang , Li Yuanlin , Liu Defeng , Liu Xiuli , Li Zhichao , Li Minghuan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), the high incidence of radiation‐induced lymphopenia significantly affects prognosis. There are significant variations in lymphocyte count (ALC) recovery patterns among patients, and their impact on prognosis remains unclear. This study aims to quantify the lymphocyte recovery patterns by the lymphocyte recovery index (LRI) and evaluate its prognostic value.MethodsThis study reviewed patients with LACC who had ALCs available within 6 months post‐CCRT. Lymphopenia was graded using CTCAE 5.0, and lymphocyte recovery patterns were quantified using LRI (the ratio of ALCs at 6 months post‐treatment to baseline ALCs). Cox regression analysis was conducted to assess the correlation between LRI, other clinical factors, and survival. The dose–volume of bone marrow (BM) following pelvic radiotherapy was collected, and measurements of spleen standardized uptake value (SUV) and spleen‐to‐liver SUVmax ratio (SLR) were obtained from pre‐treatment 18F‐FDG PET/CT. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for LRI.ResultsA total of 180 patients were included retrospectively. During CCRT, 53 patients (29.4%) experienced G4 lymphopenia. The median LRI was 53.4% (range 13.2%–159.4%). Multivariable analysis revealed that LRI, G4 lymphopenia, and FIGO stage were associated with progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Subgroup analysis revealed that the degree of lymphopenia (G4 and G1‐3) did not affect the correlation between LRI and PFS (P: 0.001 and 0.011) or OS (P: 0.003 and 0.043). Regarding FIGO stage, the impact of LRI on PFS (p < 0.001) and OS (p < 0.001) was primarily observed in patients with FIGO stage > II. Logistic analysis identified BM‐V10 > 96.0% and SLR > 0.90 as independent risk factors for LRI.ConclusionIn patients with LACC after CCRT, the LRI is associated with prognosis. Splenic metabolism and BM irradiation are associated with lymphocyte recovery.
10‐year follow‐up of adolescent leukemia diagnosed through gingiva: A case report
Authors: Yang Gang , Tu Yuan , Hu Wenjie , Feng Xianghui 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundSystemic diseases often present initial signs through oral manifestations, making early recognition essential for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning. Patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) commonly experience gingival issues. This case report discusses the treatment and outcomes of a 12‐year‐old female patient who presented with gingival swelling and pain and was subsequently diagnosed with ALL.MethodsThe patient underwent chemotherapy and basic periodontal supragingival scaling. Comprehensive clinical assessments, oral photographs, and imaging data were recorded at the initial visit, and at follow‐ups 8 years and 10 years later.ResultsA routine blood test and bone marrow aspiration confirmed a diagnosis of B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐cell ALL). After 1 year of chemotherapy with rituximab, the patient recovered and was discharged. An 8‐year follow‐up revealed significant clinical attachment gain and healthy gingival status, and complete recovery was observed at a 10‐year follow‐up.ConclusionsAdolescents presenting with swollen and bleeding gums should be evaluated for potential leukemia. Dentists, especially periodontists, should be aware of the oral manifestations of ALL and coordinate with medical professionals to establish a comprehensive, long‐term treatment plan. Periodontal health in adolescents with ALL can improve significantly with leukemia remission and appropriate basic periodontal therapy.Key points
Oral manifestations as early indicators: In adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), systemic symptoms may be minimal or absent. Early recognition of oral changes, such as gingival swelling or bleeding, is crucial for timely diagnosis.
Long‐term periodontal recovery: A 10‐year follow‐up indicates that periodontal health can improve following leukemia treatment and basic periodontal therapy, although longer follow‐up is recommended to assess the stability of recovery.
Plain Language SummaryIt is challenging to recognize systemic diseases early through oral manifestations in adolescents, which is critical for accurate diagnosis. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a disease of the blood system that manifests itself in the gingiva. This case report describes the early recognition of adolescent ALL through gingival swelling and pain as the initial clinical manifestation and recorded the 10‐year follow‐up process. After chemotherapy, the patient was cured. In the 8th year, the red, swollen and painful gingiva was relieved, no significant resorption of the alveolar bone was observed, and the periodontal condition was fully recovered two years after basic treatment. This case emphasizes the importance of dentists being vigilant for signs of systemic disease in the oral cavity and the role of long‐term periodontal maintenance.
Salvage En Bloc Resection for Refractory Recurrent Pure Testicular Seminoma: A Case Report
Authors: Mohammadianpanah Mohammad , Andalibi Susan , Ansari Mansour , Nasrollahi Hamid , Mosalaei Ahmad , Omidvari Shapour , Mokhtari Maral , Ahmadloo Niloofar , Mohammad Hosseini Ehsan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTreating recurrent or cisplatin‐refractory germ cell tumors remains a clinically problematic situation. Although testicular cancer has a good overall cure rate, some patients with metastatic GCTs who did not respond to initial treatments have few therapeutic alternatives and face significant fatality rates. This case showed the successful implementation of radical surgery for patients with refractory seminoma in clinical practice.
Development and Initial Use of a New Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical Database Integrating Both Eastern and Western Clinical Characteristics
Authors: Yan Jingshuang , Ren Rongrong , Chang Ruqi , Dan Wanyue , Zhang Xiaohan , Pan Fei , Yan Bin , Lee Hongzhe , Josie Ni , Sun Gang , Peng Lihua , Wu Gary D. , Yang Yunsheng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe increasing incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) presents significant medical and societal challenges. A well‐designed IBD database is crucial for both epidemiological studies and clinical management. However, inconsistencies between regional databases hinder cross‐institutional and international research, especially between Eastern and Western societies.MethodsWe developed a new IBD database, the 301 IBD database, integrating the IBD clinical characteristics from the Penn IBD database (USA) and the latest IBD guidelines and consensus and clinical practices of the Chinese PLA General Hospital (PLAGH). We applied this database to analyze clinical data of IBD inpatients at PLAGH from 2008 to 2023.ResultsThe 301 IBD database contains 490 items in 6 sections including demographic characteristics, personal history, clinical phenotype, disease activity, laboratory tests and examinations, and treatment. Features of the 301 IBD database include inpatient focus, biochemical indicators and opportunistic infection focus, and more about ulcerative colitis (UC)‐associated complications. Single‐center analysis revealed an increasing hospitalization trend, from 2.35% in 2008 to 3.94% in 2023. We found that the clinical characteristics of our UC inpatients are predominantly male (62.5%), extensive lesions (55.1%), low usage of biologics (4.1%), and a high incidence of UC‐CRC (3.0%). The clinical characteristics of CD inpatients included male predominance (68.39%), early onset age (35.43 ± 14.75‐year‐old), and high rate of surgery (25.81%).ConclusionThe 301 IBD database, integrating Eastern and Western clinical data, provides a valuable tool for IBD clinical research. Future international, multicenter collaborations are expected to further enhance its utility.