bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome Sequence of Polycyclovorans algicola Strain TG408, an Obligate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacterium Associated with Marine Eukaryotic Phytoplankton
Authors: Gutierrez Tony , Thompson Haydn F. , Angelova Angelina , Whitman William B. , Huntemann Marcel , Copeland Alex , Chen Amy , Kyrpides Nikos , Markowitz Victor , Palaniappan Krishnaveni , Ivanova Natalia , Mikhailova Natalia , Ovchinnikova Galina , Andersen Evan , Pati Amrita , Stamatis Dimitrios , Reddy T. B. K. , Ngan Chew Yee , Chovatia Mansi , Daum Chris , Shapiro Nicole , Cantor Michael N. , Woyke Tanja 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
Polycyclovorans algicola strain TG408 is a recently discovered bacterium associated with marine eukaryotic phytoplankton and exhibits the ability to utilize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) almost exclusively as sole sources of carbon and energy. Here, we present the genome sequence of this strain, which is 3,653,213 bp, with 3,477 genes and an average G+C content of 63.8%.
Complete Genome Sequences of a Clinical Isolate and an Environmental Isolate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Authors: Lüdeke Catharina H. M. , Kong Nguyet , Weimer Bart C. , Fischer Markus , Jones Jessica L. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Vibrio parahaemolyticus
is the leading cause of seafood-borne infections in the United States. We report complete genome sequences for two
V. parahaemolyticus
strains isolated in 2007, CDC_K4557 and FDA_R31 of clinical and oyster origin, respectively. These two sequences might assist in the investigation of differential virulence of this organism.
Complete Genome Sequences of Sulfurospirillum Strains UCH001 and UCH003 Isolated from Groundwater in Japan
Authors: Miura Takamasa , Uchino Yoshihito , Tsuchikane Keiko , Ohtsubo Yoshiyuki , Ohji Shoko , Hosoyama Akira , Ito Masako , Takahata Yoh , Yamazoe Atsushi , Suzuki Ken-ichiro , Fujita Nobuyuki 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Sulfurospirillum strains UCH001 and UCH003 were isolated from anaerobic
cis
-1,2-dichloroethene-dechlorinating microbial consortia derived from groundwater in Japan. Here, we report the complete genome sequences of strains UCH001 and UCH003.
Whole-Genome Sequence of Clostridium botulinum A2B3 87, a Highly Virulent Strain Involved in a Fatal Case of Foodborne Botulism in Italy
Authors: Giordani Francesco , Fillo Silvia , Anselmo Anna , Palozzi Anna Maria , Fortunato Antonella , Gentile Bernardina , Pittiglio Valentina , Spagnolo Ferdinando , Anniballi Fabrizio , Fiore Alfonsina , Auricchio Bruna , De Medici Dario , Lista Florigio 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the genome sequence of a rare bivalent strain of
Clostridium botulinum
, A2B3 87. The strain was isolated from a foodborne botulism case that occurred in Italy in 1995. The case was characterized by rapid evolution of the illness and failure of conventional treatments.
Turning the tide or riding the waves? Impacts of antibiotic stewardship and infection control on MRSA strain dynamics in a Scottish region over 16 years: non-linear time series analysis
Authors: Lawes Timothy , López-Lozano José-María , Nebot César , Macartney Gillian , Subbarao-Sharma Rashmi , Dare Ceri R J , Edwards Giles F S , Gould Ian M 
Published: March 2015

ObjectivesTo explore temporal associations between planned antibiotic stewardship and infection control interventions and the molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA).DesignRetrospective ecological study and time-series analysis integrating typing data from the Scottish MRSA reference laboratory.SettingRegional hospital and primary care in a Scottish Health Board.ParticipantsGeneral adult (N=1 051 993) or intensive care (18 235) admissions and primary care registrations (460 000 inhabitants) between January 1997 and December 2012.InterventionsHand-hygiene campaign; MRSA admission screening; antibiotic stewardship limiting use of macrolides and ‘4Cs’ (cephalosporins, coamoxiclav, clindamycin and fluoroquinolones).Outcome measuresPrevalence density of MRSA clonal complexes CC22, CC30 and CC5/Otherin hospital (isolates/1000 occupied bed days, OBDs) and community (isolates/10 000 inhabitant-days).Results67% of all clinical MRSA isolates (10 707/15 947) were typed. Regional MRSA population structure was dominated by hospital epidemic strains CC30, CC22 and CC45. Following declines in overall MRSA prevalence density, CC5 and other strains of community origin became increasingly important. Reductions in use of ‘4Cs’ and macrolides anticipated declines in sublineages with higher levels of associated resistances. In multivariate time-series models (R2=0.63–0.94) introduction of the hand-hygiene campaign, reductions in mean length of stay (when >4 days) and bed occupancy (when >74 to 78%) predicted declines in CC22 and CC30, but not CC5/other strains. Lower importation pressures, expanded MRSA admission screening, and reductions in macrolide and third generation cephalosporin use (thresholds for association: 135–141, and 48–81 defined daily doses/1000 OBDs, respectively) were followed by declines in all clonal complexes. Strain-specific associations with fluoroquinolones and clindamycin reflected resistance phenotypes of clonal complexes.ConclusionsInfection control measures and changes in population antibiotic use were important predictors of MRSA strain dynamics in our region. Strategies to control MRSA should consider thresholds for effects and strain-specific impacts.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of meditative interventions for informal caregivers and health professionals
Authors: Dharmawardene Marisa , Givens Jane , Wachholtz Amy , Makowski Suzana , Tjia Jennifer 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundBurnout, stress and anxiety have been identified as areas of concern for informal caregivers and health professionals, particularly in the palliative setting. Meditative interventions are gaining acceptance as tools to improve well-being in a variety of clinical contexts, however, their effectiveness as an intervention for caregivers remains unknown.AimTo explore the effect of meditative interventions on physical and emotional markers of well-being as well as job satisfaction and burnout among informal caregivers and health professionals.DesignSystematic review of randomised clinical trials and pre–post intervention studies with meditative interventions for caregivers.Data sourcesPubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycINFO were searched up to November 2013. Of 1561 abstracts returned, 68 studies were examined in full text with 27 eligible for systematic review.ResultsControlled trials of informal caregivers showed statistically significant improvement in depression (effect size 0.49 (95% CI 0.24 to 0.75)), anxiety (effect size 0.53 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.99)), stress (effect size 0.49 (95% CI 0.21 to 0.77)) and self-efficacy (effect size 0.86 (95% CI 0.5 to 1.23)), at an average of 8 weeks following intervention initiation. Controlled trials of health professionals showed improved emotional exhaustion (effect size 0.37 (95% CI 0.04 to 0.70)), personal accomplishment (effect size 1.18 (95% CI 0.10 to 2.25)) and life satisfaction (effect size 0.48 (95% CI 0.15 to 0.81)) at an average of 8 weeks following intervention initiation.ConclusionsMeditation provides a small to moderate benefit for informal caregivers and health professionals for stress reduction, but more research is required to establish effects on burnout and caregiver burden.
Defining the optimal design of the inflammatory bowel disease multidisciplinary team: results from a multicentre qualitative expert-based study
Authors: Morar Pritesh , Read Jamie , Arora Sonal , Hart Ailsa , Warusavitarne Janindra , Green James , Sevdalis Nick , Edwards Cathryn , Faiz Omar 
Published: March 2015

ObjectiveTo elicit expert views to define the aims, optimal design, format and function of an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) multidisciplinary team (MDT) with the overall purpose of enhancing the quality of MDT-driven care within an IBD service provision.DesignThis study was a multicentre, prospective, qualitative study using a standard semistructured interview methodology.ParticipantsA multidisciplinary sample of 28 semistructured interviews of which there are six consultant colorectal surgeons, six IBD nurse specialists, seven consultant gastroenterologists, five consultant radiologists and four consultant histopathologists.SettingParticipants were recruited from 10 hospitals, which were a mixture of community hospitals and specialist IBD centres between June and October 2013.ResultsExperts argued that the main goal of MDT-driven IBD care is to improve patient outcomes via sharing collective expertise in a formalised manner. Themes regarding the necessary requirements for an IBD MDT to occur included good attendance, proactive contribution, a need to define core members and appropriate and functional computer facilities. Emergent themes regarding the logistics of an effective IBD MDT included an eligibility criterion for case selection and discussion and appropriate scheduling. Themes regarding the overall design of the IBD MDT included a ‘hub-and-spoke’ model versus a ‘single-centre’ model.ConclusionsDefining key elements for an optimal design format for the IBD MDT is necessary to ensure quality of care and reduce variation in care standards. This study has produced a set of expert-based standards that can be used to structure the IBD MDT. These standards now require larger scale validation and consensus prior to becoming a practical guideline for the management of IBD care.
A longitudinal study of hepatitis C virus testing and infection status notification on behaviour change in people who inject drugs
Authors: Spelman T , Morris M D , Zang G , Rice T , Page K , Maher L , Lloyd A , Grebely J , Dore G J , Kim A Y , Shoukry N H , Hellard M , Bruneau J 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundHepatitis C virus (HCV) testing and counselling have the potential to impact individual behaviour and transmission dynamics at the population level. Evidence of the impact of an HCV-positive status notification on injection risk reduction is limited. The objective of our study was to (1) assess drug and alcohol use and injection risk behaviours following notification; (2) to compare behaviour change in people who inject drugs (PWID) who received a positive test result and those who remained negative; and (3) to assess the effect of age on risk behaviour.MethodsData from the International Collaboration of Incident HIV and HCV Infection in Injecting Cohorts (InC3 Study) were analysed. Participants who were initially HCV seronegative were followed prospectively with periodic HCV blood testing and post-test disclosure and interview-administered questionnaires assessing drug use and injection behaviours. Multivariable generalised estimating equations were used to assess behavioural changes over time.ResultsNotification of an HCV-positive test was independently associated with a small increase in alcohol use relative to notification of a negative test. No significant differences in postnotification injection drug use, receptive sharing of ancillary injecting equipment and syringe borrowing postnotification were observed between diagnosis groups. Younger PWID receiving a positive HCV test notification demonstrated a significant increase in subsequent alcohol use compared with younger HCV negative.ConclusionsThe proportion of PWID reporting alcohol use increased among those receiving an HCV-positive notification, increased the frequency of alcohol use postnotification, while no reduction in injection drug use behaviours was observed between notification groups. These findings underscore the need to develop novel communication strategies during post-test notification to improve their impact on subsequent alcohol use and risk behaviours.
Redefining cutaneous lupus erythematosus: a proposed international consensus approach and results of a preliminary questionnaire
Authors: Merola J F , Nyberg F , Furukawa F , Goodfield M J , Hasegawa M , Marinovic B , Szepietowski J , Dutz J , Werth V P 
Published: March 2015

There is currently no uniform definition of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) upon which to base a study population for observational and interventional trials. A preliminary questionnaire was derived from and sent to a panel of CLE experts which demonstrated consensus agreement that (1) there is a need for new definitions for CLE (2) CLE is distinct from systemic lupus erythematosus and that a CLE grouping scheme should remain apart from current systemic lupus erythematosus schema (3) current CLE grouping schemes are inadequate around communication, prognostic information and to meet the needs of researchers, clinicians, patients and payers.
Parent preferences for telephone coaching to prevent and manage childhood obesity
Authors: Blaine Rachel E , Pbert Lori , Geller Alan C , Powers E Michael , Mitchell Kathleen 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Objective
To assess parent preferences for utilisation of a parent-focused, telephone-based coaching service, or ‘FITLINE,’ to prevent or manage childhood obesity.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey of parents of children aged 2–12 years was conducted at a paediatric practice in Greater Boston, Massachusetts, USA, between July 2012 and May 2013. Parents received questionnaires with clinic visit paperwork and opted-in to the study by returning them to clinic staff or by mail. The anonymous pen-to-paper questionnaire assessed parents’ potential FITLINE utilisation, preferences regarding educational content and logistics, and parent/child demographics. Simple logistical regression was used to assess associations between parent and child factors and FITLINE interest.

Results
Among n=114 participants, most parents reported being very likely (n=53, 48%) or somewhat likely (n=44, 40%) to use a FITLINE-promoting healthy habits for children if it was made available. Interest in a FITLINE was greatest among overweight or obese parents (OR 3.12, CI 1.17 to 8.30) and those with children aged &lt;5 years (OR 2.42, CI 1.02 to 5.73). Parents desired to discuss their own health and fitness goals (84%) along with educational topics such as healthy food shopping on a budget (91%) and how to meet children's physical activity needs (81%). Most parents preferred to obtain a FITLINE referral from a paediatrician or nurse (73%), instead of a school nurse (42%) or child-care provider (26%).

Conclusions
Given strong interest among parents in a FITLINE and the urgency of the youth obesity epidemic, implementation of a pilot phone-based service should be strongly considered.
Improving medical students’ written communication skills: design and evaluation of an educational curriculum
Authors: Melvin L , Connolly K , Pitre L , Dore K L , Wasi P 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Background and objectives
Written and verbal communication skills are important skills for all physicians. While verbal skills are taught and assessed in medical school, medical students report limited instruction in written communication skills. This study examined the impact of a curriculum delivered during a 6-week clinical rotation in Internal Medicine on the objective assessment of medical students’ written communication skills.

Methods
The curriculum consisted of two educational programmes: a medical student communication tutorial and a resident feedback workshop. The study was conducted from March 2012 to January 2013 at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. The study featured three arms: (1) control, (2) medical student communication tutorial alone and (3) student tutorial and resident feedback workshop. Data were collected on 126 students during 6-week Internal Medicine clerkship rotations. Students’ written consultation notes were collected prior to the educational programmes and at 6 weeks. Blinded faculty assessors used an independently validated Assessment Checklist to evaluate consultation notes.

Results
Consultation note scores improved from week 1 to week 6 across all study arms. However, the change was statistically significant only in arm 3, featuring both the medical student tutorial and the resident feedback workshop, with mean scores improving from 4.75 (SD=1.496) to 5.56 (SD=0.984) out of 7. The mean difference between week 1 and week 6 was significantly different (0.806, p=0.002, 95% CI 0.306 to 1.058).

Conclusions
The combination of a resident feedback workshop with medical student written communication tutorial improves objective evaluations of consultation note scores over student tutorial alone.
HDAC Inhibition Overcomes Acute Resistance to MEK Inhibition in BRAF-Mutant Colorectal Cancer by Downregulation of c-FLIPL
Authors: Carson Robbie , Celtikci Basak , Fenning Cathy , Javadi Arman , Crawford Nyree , Perez-Carbonell Lucia , Lawler Mark , Longley Daniel B. , Johnston Patrick G. , Van Schaeybroeck Sandra 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Purpose: Activating mutations in the BRAF oncogene are found in 8% to 15% of colorectal cancer patients and have been associated with poor survival. In contrast with BRAF-mutant (MT) melanoma, inhibition of the MAPK pathway is ineffective in the majority of BRAFMT colorectal cancer patients. Therefore, identification of novel therapies for BRAFMT colorectal cancer is urgently needed.
Experimental Design: BRAFMT and wild-type (WT) colorectal cancer models were assessed in vitro and in vivo. Small-molecule inhibitors of MEK1/2, MET, and HDAC were used, overexpression and siRNA approaches were applied, and cell death was assessed by flow cytometry, Western blotting, cell viability, and caspase activity assays.
Results: Increased c-MET-STAT3 signaling was identified as a novel adaptive resistance mechanism to MEK inhibitors (MEKi) in BRAFMT colorectal cancer models in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, MEKi treatment resulted in acute increases in transcription of the endogenous caspase-8 inhibitor c-FLIPL in BRAFMT cells, but not in BRAFWT cells, and inhibition of STAT3 activity abrogated MEKi-induced c-FLIPL expression. In addition, treatment with c-FLIP–specific siRNA or HDAC inhibitors abrogated MEKi-induced upregulation of c-FLIPL expression and resulted in significant increases in MEKi-induced cell death in BRAFMT colorectal cancer cells. Notably, combined HDAC inhibitor/MEKi treatment resulted in dramatically attenuated tumor growth in BRAFMT xenografts.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that c-MET/STAT3-dependent upregulation of c-FLIPL expression is an important escape mechanism following MEKi treatment in BRAFMT colorectal cancer. Thus, combinations of MEKi with inhibitors of c-MET or c-FLIP (e.g., HDAC inhibitors) could be potential novel treatment strategies for BRAFMT colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 21(14); 3230–40. ©2015 AACR.
Circulating Vitamin D Levels and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Women
Authors: Chandler Paulette D. , Buring Julie E. , Manson JoAnn E. , Giovannucci Edward L. , Moorthy M.V. , Zhang Shumin , Lee I-Min , Lin Jennifer H. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractObservational data on the association between circulating 25(OH)D and colorectal cancer risk are limited in women. To determine whether prediagnostic levels of 25(OH)D were associated with risk of incident colorectal cancer in the Women's Health Study (WHS), we conducted a nested case–control study using 274 colorectal cases and 274 controls. Each case was matched to a control by age, ethnicity, fasting status at the time of blood collection, time of day when blood was drawn, and month of blood draw. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the OR and 95% confidence interval (CI) for colorectal cancer by 25(OH)D quartiles. Mean plasma 25(OH)D was lower in cases versus controls (21.9 vs. 23.9 ng/mL, P = 0.01). In multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models, plasma 25(OH)D was significantly and inversely associated with odds of colorectal cancer (quartile 4 [Q4] vs. quartile 1 [Q1]: OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.25–0.81; Ptrend 0.02). In addition, we observed a somewhat lower risk of colorectal cancer-related mortality after adjustment for matching variables, randomization treatment and other risk factors (Q4:Q1 OR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.17–0.97; Ptrend 0.05). In this cohort of healthy women, we found a significant inverse association between prediagnostic 25(OH)D levels and risk of incident colorectal cancer, and a borderline significant inverse association between prediagnostic 25(OH)D levels and colorectal cancer-related mortality. These results support a possible association between plasma 25(OH)D and risk of colorectal cancer in women. Cancer Prev Res; 8(8); 675–82. ©2015 AACR.See related commentary by Demetrius Albanes, p. 657
Impairment of Wound Healing in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Influences Circulating MicroRNA Patterns via Inflammatory Cytokines
Authors: Dangwal Seema , Stratmann Bernd , Bang Claudia , Lorenzen Johan M. , Kumarswamy Regalla , Fiedler Jan , Falk Christine S. , Scholz Claus J. , Thum Thomas , Tschoepe Diethelm 
Published: March 2015

Objective—
MicroRNAs (miRNA/miR) are stably present in body fluids and are increasingly explored as disease biomarkers. Here, we investigated influence of impaired wound healing on the plasma miRNA signature and their functional importance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Approach and Results—
miRNA array profiling identified 41 miRNAs significantly deregulated in diabetic controls when compared with patients with diabetes mellitus–associated peripheral arterial disease and chronic wounds. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction validation confirmed decrease in circulating miR-191 and miR-200b levels in type 2 diabetic versus healthy controls. This was reverted in diabetic subjects with associated peripheral arterial disease and chronic wounds, who also exhibited higher circulating C-reactive protein and proinflammatory cytokine levels compared with diabetic controls. miR-191 and miR-200b were significantly correlated with C-reactive protein or cytokine levels in patients with diabetes mellitus. Indeed, proinflammatory stress increased endothelial- or platelet-derived secretion of miR-191 or miR-200b. In addition, dermal cells took up endothelial-derived miR-191 leading to downregulation of the miR-191 target zonula occludens-1. Altered miR-191 expression influenced angiogenesis and migratory capacities of diabetic dermal endothelial cells or fibroblasts, respectively, partly via its target zonula occludens-1.

Conclusions—
This study reports that (1) inflammation underlying nonhealing wounds in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus influences plasma miRNA concentrations and (2) miR-191 modulates cellular migration and angiogenesis via paracrine regulation of zonula occludens-1 to delay the tissue repair process.
The Accumulated Winter Season Severity Index (AWSSI)
Authors: Mayes Boustead Barbara E. , Hilberg Steven D. , Shulski Martha D. , Hubbard Kenneth G. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe character of a winter can be defined by many of its features, including temperature averages and extremes, snowfall totals, snow depth, and the duration between onset and cessation of winter-weather conditions. The accumulated winter season severity index incorporates these elements into one site-specific value that defines the severity of a particular winter, especially when examined in the context of climatological values for that site. Thresholds of temperature, snowfall, and snow depth are assigned points that accumulate through the defined winter season; a parallel index uses temperature and precipitation to provide a snow proxy where snow data are unavailable or unreliable. The results can be analyzed like any other meteorological parameter to examine relationships to teleconnection patterns, determine trends, and create sector-specific applications, as well as to analyze an ongoing winter or any individual winter season to place its severity in context.