bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personalized medicine approaches for colon cancer driven by genomics and systems biology: OncoTrack
Authors: Henderson David , Ogilvie Lesley A. , Hoyle Nicholas , Keilholz Ulrich , Lange Bodo , Lehrach Hans , OncoTrack Consortium  
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe post‐genomic era promises to pave the way to a personalized understanding of disease processes, with technological and analytical advances helping to solve some of the world's health challenges. Despite extraordinary progress in our understanding of cancer pathogenesis, the disease remains one of the world's major medical problems. New therapies and diagnostic procedures to guide their clinical application are urgently required. OncoTrack, a consortium between industry and academia, supported by the Innovative Medicines Initiative, signifies a new era in personalized medicine, which synthesizes current technological advances in omics techniques, systems biology approaches, and mathematical modeling. A truly personalized molecular imprint of the tumor micro‐environment and subsequent diagnostic and therapeutic insight is gained, with the ultimate goal of matching the “right” patient to the “right” drug and identifying predictive biomarkers for clinical application. This comprehensive mapping of the colon cancer molecular landscape in tandem with crucial, clinical functional annotation for systems biology analysis provides unprecedented insight and predictive power for colon cancer management. Overall, we show that major biotechnological developments in tandem with changes in clinical thinking have laid the foundations for the OncoTrack approach and the future clinical application of a truly personalized approach to colon cancer theranostics.
Visualization of species pairwise associations: a case study of surrogacy in bird assemblages
Authors: Lane Peter W. , Lindenmayer David B. , Barton Philip S. , Blanchard Wade , Westgate Martin J. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractQuantifying and visualizing species associations are important to many areas of ecology and conservation biology. Species networks are one way to analyze species associations, with a growing number of applications such as food webs, nesting webs, plant–animal mutualisms, and interlinked extinctions. We present a new method for assessing and visualizing patterns of co‐occurrence of species. The method depicts interactions and associations in an analogous way with existing network diagrams for studying pollination and trophic interactions, but adds the assessment of sign, strength, and direction of the associations. This provides a distinct advantage over existing methods of quantifying and visualizing co‐occurrence. We demonstrate the utility of our new approach by showing differences in associations among woodland bird species found in different habitats and by illustrating the way these can be interpreted in terms of underlying ecological mechanisms. Our new method is computationally feasible for large assemblages and provides readily interpretable effects with standard errors. It has wide applications for quantifying species associations within ecological communities, examining questions about particular species that occur with others, and how their associations can determine the structure and composition of communities.
Heterogeneous responses of dorsal root ganglion neurons in neuropathies induced by peripheral nerve trauma and the antiretroviral drug stavudine
Authors: Boateng E.K. , Novejarque A. , Pheby T. , Rice A.S.C. , Huang W. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundHeterogeneity is increasingly recognized in clinical presentation of neuropathic pain (NP), but less often recognized in animal models. Neurochemical dysregulation in rodent dorsal root ganglia (DRG) is associated with peripheral nerve trauma, but poorly studied in non‐traumatic NP conditions.MethodsThis study aimed to investigate the temporal expressions of activating transcription factor‐3 (ATF‐3), growth‐associated protein‐43 (GAP‐43), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and galanin in traumatic and non‐traumatic rat models of neuropathies associated with NP. Expressions of these markers were examined in the DRG at different time points following tibial nerve transection (TNT) injury and antiretroviral drug stavudine (d4T) administration using immunohistochemistry. The development of sensory gain following these insults was assessed by measuring limb withdrawal to a punctate mechanical stimulus.ResultsBoth TNT‐injured and d4T‐treated rats developed hindpaw mechanical hypersensitivity. Robust expressions of ATF‐3, GAP‐43, NPY and galanin in both small‐ and large‐sized L5 DRG neurons were observed in the DRG from TNT‐injured rats. In contrast, d4T‐treated rats did not exhibit any significant neurochemical changes in the DRG.ConclusionsTaken together, the results suggest that ATF‐3, GAP‐43, NPY and galanin are likely indicators of nerve trauma‐associated processes and not generic markers for NP. These experiments also demonstrate distinct expression patterns of neurochemical markers in the DRG and emphasize the mechanistic difference between nerve trauma and antiretroviral drug‐associated NP.
Imagining climate change: The role of implicit associations and affective psychological distancing in climate change responses
Authors: Leviston Zoe , Price Jennifer , Bishop Brian 
Published: July 2014

AbstractNegative climate change imagery is often criticised on the grounds that it provokes and promotes disempowering responses and psychological distancing. We investigated people's associations with climate change, and their affective content on multiple dimensions, through two studies. In Study 1, we administered an image‐elicitation task to 2502 people across Australia to examine the mental images most commonly associated with climate change. We used these common responses from the image‐elicitation task to compile 82 actual images. In Study 2, these images were presented to participants at a series of four workshops (N = 52). Participants selected the images they most closely associated with climate change, rated them for affective content on an emotion circumplex, and later discussed evocative images in small groups. The findings suggest (i) a significant proportion of people struggle to form concrete associations; (ii) common associations are typically psychologically distant and iconographic, but some national‐level impacts are also salient; and (iii) associations with climate change impacts differ in their affective content: Specifically, associations related to drought and denuded landscapes provoke lower arousal, whereas associations related to disasters and extremes provoke higher arousal. The importance of considering motivated reasoning and multi‐dimensional affect in the psychological distancing of climate change is discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of six polyynes in Oplopanax horridus and Oplopanax elatus using polyethylene glycol modified reversed migration microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography
Authors: Yang Zhong‐mei , Zhao Jing , Lao Ka‐meng , Chen Xiao‐jia , Leong Fong , Wang Chong‐Zhi , Yuan Chun‐Su , Li Shao‐ping 
Published: July 2014

A PEG‐modified reversed migration MEEKC method was developed for simultaneous determination of six polyynes, including oplopandiol, falcarindiol, oplopandiol acetate, (11S, 16S, 9Z)‐9,17‐octadecadiene‐12,14‐diyne‐1,11,16‐triol,1‐acetate, oplopantriol B, and oplopantriol A, in Oplopanax horridus and Oplopanax elatus. The running buffer containing 0.8% v/v ethyl acetate, 3.8% w/v SDS, 6.6% v/v n‐butanol in 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 2.5), followed by mixing with propan‐2‐ol at 30% v/v and PEG‐1000 at 15% w/v, was applied in the analysis. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine the six polyynes in five samples of Oplopanax horridus and one of O. elatus. The result showed that the types and amounts of polyynes present were obviously different when comparing the two herbs. Besides, the developed PEG‐modified reversed MEEKC method might be suitable for the analysis of hydrophobic analytes in herbal medicines.
Intersection Numbers For Subspace Designs
Authors: Kiermaier Michael , Pavčević Mario Osvin 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIntersection numbers for subspace designs are introduced and q‐analogs of the Mendelsohn and Köhler equations are given. As an application, we are able to determine the intersection structure of a putative q‐analog of the Fano plane for any prime power q. It is shown that its existence implies the existence of a 2‐ subspace design. Furthermore, several simplified or alternative proofs concerning intersection numbers of ordinary block designs are discussed.
Repeated loss of frontal sinuses in arctoid carnivorans
Authors: Curtis Abigail A. , Lai George , Wei Fuwen , Van Valkenburgh Blaire 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTMany mammal skulls contain air spaces inside the bones surrounding the nasal chamber including the frontal, maxilla, ethmoid, and sphenoid, all of which are called paranasal sinuses. Within the Carnivora, frontal sinuses are usually present, but vary widely in size and shape. The causes of this variation are unclear, although there are some functional associations, such as a correlation between expanded frontal sinuses and a durophagous diet in some species (e.g., hyenas) or between absent sinuses and semiaquatic lifestyle (e.g., pinnipeds). To better understand disparity in frontal sinus morphology within Carnivora, we quantified frontal sinus size in relationship to skull size and shape in 23 species within Arctoidea, a clade that is ecologically diverse including three independent invasions of aquatic habitats, by bears, otters, and pinnipeds, respectively. Our sampled species range in behavior from terrestrial (rarely or never forage in water), to semiterrestrial (forage in water and on land), to semiaquatic (forage only in water). Results show that sinuses are either lost or reduced in both semiterrestrial and semiaquatic species, and that sinus size is related to skull size and shape. Among terrestrial species, frontal sinus size was positively allometric overall, but several terrestrial species completely lacked sinuses, including two fossorial badgers, the kinkajou (a nocturnal, arboreal frugivore), and several species with small body size, indicating that factors other than aquatic habits, such as space limitations due to constraints on skull size and shape, can limit sinus size and presence. J. Morphol. 276:22–32, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Correlates of objectively measured sedentary behavior in cancer patients with brain metastases: an application of the theory of planned behavior
Authors: Lowe Sonya S. , Danielson Brita , Beaumont Crystal , Watanabe Sharon M. , Baracos Vickie E. , Courneya Kerry S. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study is to examine the demographic, medical, and social‐cognitive correlates of objectively measured sedentary behavior in advanced cancer patients with brain metastases.MethodsAdvanced cancer patients diagnosed with brain metastases, aged 18 years or older, cognitively intact, and with palliative performance scale greater than 30%, were recruited from a Rapid Access Palliative Radiotherapy Program multidisciplinary brain metastases clinic. A cross‐sectional survey interview assessed the theory of planned behavior variables and medical and demographic information. Participants wore activPAL™ (PAL Technologies Ltd, Glasgow, United Kingdom) accelerometers recording time spent supine, sitting, standing, and stepping during 7 days encompassing palliative whole brain radiotherapy treatments.ResultsThirty‐one patients were recruited. Correlates of median time spent supine or sitting in hours per day were instrumental attitude (i.e., perceived benefits) of physical activity (r = −0.42; p = 0.030) and affective attitude (i.e., perceived enjoyment) of physical activity (r = −0.43; p = 0.024). Moreover, participants who sat or were supine for greater than 20.7 h per day reported significantly lower instrumental attitude (M = 0.7; 95% CI = 0.0–1.4; p = 0.051) and affective attitude (M = 0.7; 95% CI = 0.0–1.4; p = 0.041). Finally, participants who were older than 60 years of age spent more time sitting or being supine.ConclusionsInstrumental attitude and affective attitude were the strongest correlates of objectively measured sedentary behavior. This information could inform intervention studies to increase physical activity in advanced cancer patients with brain metastases. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improving J9 virtual machine with LTTng for efficient and effective tracing
Authors: Wang Yang , Kent Kenneth B. , Johnson Graeme 
Published: July 2014

SummaryThe ability to observe the internal operation of the J9 virtual machine is essential for effective performance tuning. To this end, tracing is an important method, which is the action of recording events from a running system with minimum performance overhead for online or off‐line analysis. In this paper, we propose the integration of LTTng, an effective open‐source tracing toolset, with J9 to improve its tracing functions. With this integration, the tracing component is not only decoupled from the virtual machine but also performed efficiently at both user and kernel levels to achieve a high‐throughput result. To validate the integration and its impact performance, some empirical study results based on SpecJBB2005 and SQLBenchmark (supported by instrumented MariaDB) are also presented. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Dynamics of Social Capital and Recent Political Development in Malaysia
Authors: PARNINI SYEDA NAUSHIN , OTHMAN MOHAMMAD REDZUAN , SAIFUDE AMER 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe political landscape in Malaysia has been changing since the late 1990s with a gradual rise in resistance from civil society and the opposition parties. Domestic politics have become more contentious recently, particularly evidenced by the advent of a strong civil society and a multi-cultural opposition coalition. Thus, the social capital stimulated by ICTs and CSOs has played a vital role in strengthening and empowering the role of the opposition parties in Malaysia. This study seeks to understand how ICT-driven social capital has facilitated the surge in the opposition movement by situating the political use of social capital in a broader socio-political context. Hence the dramatic political change has been intertwined with the dynamics of social capital and creation of a public sphere accelerated by the rapid growth of ICTs in the country. By analyzing recent voting patterns, this study demonstrates that ICT-driven social capital does have a great impact on the changing political landscape in Malaysia, particularly in shaping voting behavior and political participation of Malay and non-Malay citizens in domestic politics.
Myocardium-derived angiopoietin-1 is essential for coronary vein formation in the developing heart
Authors: Arita Yoh , Nakaoka Yoshikazu , Matsunaga Taichi , Kidoya Hiroyasu , Yamamizu Kohei , Arima Yuichiro , Kataoka-Hashimoto Takahiro , Ikeoka Kuniyasu , Yasui Taku , Masaki Takeshi , Yamamoto Kaori , Higuchi Kaori , Park Jin-Sung , Shirai Manabu , Nishiyama Koichi , Yamagishi Hiroyuki , Otsu Kinya , Kurihara Hiroki , Minami Takashi , Yamauchi-Takihara Keiko , Koh Gou Y. , Mochizuki Naoki , Takakura Nobuyuki , Sakata Yasushi , Yamashita Jun K. , Komuro Issei 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe origin and developmental mechanisms underlying coronary vessels are not fully elucidated. Here we show that myocardium-derived angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) is essential for coronary vein formation in the developing heart. Cardiomyocyte-specific Ang1 deletion results in defective formation of the subepicardial coronary veins, but had no significant effect on the formation of intramyocardial coronary arteries. The endothelial cells (ECs) of the sinus venosus (SV) are heterogeneous population, composed of APJ-positive and APJ-negative ECs. Among these, the APJ-negative ECs migrate from the SV into the atrial and ventricular myocardium in Ang1-dependent manner. In addition, Ang1 may positively regulate venous differentiation of the subepicardial APJ-negative ECs in the heart. Consistently, in vitro experiments show that Ang1 indeed promotes venous differentiation of the immature ECs. Collectively, our results indicate that myocardial Ang1 positively regulates coronary vein formation presumably by promoting the proliferation, migration and differentiation of immature ECs derived from the SV.
Investigating the Engagement and Learning of Students With Learning Disabilities in Guided Inquiry Science Teaching
Authors: Palincsar Annemarie Sullivan , Collins Kathleen M. , Marano Nancy L. , Magnusson Shirley J. 
Published: July 2014

Contemporary reform efforts pose numerous challenges for students and their teachers, especially in the context of inclusion classrooms that serve students with diverse academic and social profiles. The research reported in this article was conducted for the purpose of closely studying the engagement and learning of students who have learning disabilities as they participate in a particular approach to guided inquiry called Guided Inquiry supporting Multiple Literacies (GIsML). Questions guiding the research included (a) What are the opportunities and challenges that GIsML instruction presents students with special needs? (b) How do students with special needs respond to these opportunities and challenges? and (c) What hypotheses emerge from the data that will usefully guide subsequent research investigating the means of mediating students’ participation in GIsML for the purpose of enhancing their engagement and learning?
The research was conducted using an array of ethnographic methods. The findings were summarized in a set of claims concerning the engagement and learning of these students. Finally, cases of individual students were constructed to illustrate these claims. The article concludes with the case of one fourth-grade student as he engaged in a program of study investigating why objects float and sink. The case revealed (a) the ways in which, in the context of guided inquiry, the student achieved a number of positive outcomes; (b) how his learning problems, principally with regard to print literacy, revealed themselves in his activity; and (c) how contextual features served to enhance and deter his engagement and learning, as well as the engagement and learning of others.
Comments on Yaruss, LaSalle, and Conture (1998)
Authors: Cordes Anne K. 
Published: July 2014

In summary, Yaruss et al. have contributed to the literature a set of “recommendation categories” that were based on retrospective analyses of minimal information from children who might have stuttered, gathered originally by student clinicians in one training clinic who were entirely unaware that their data would be used to develop recommendations for other children in other clinics. These categories and recommendations might have led to inaccurate decisions about a significant minority of the children involved in this study (Yaruss et al.’s Footnote 1), but “suggested treatment recommendations” are nevertheless presented as “useful for clinicians to consider” (p. 73).
Given some indications that delaying treatment for children who stutter may reduce the effectiveness of any eventual treatment (R. J. Ingham & Cordes, 1999), the decision not to recommend treatment after an initial stuttering evaluation is an important one. The evidence used to support such a decision should be strong, developed from well-designed, carefully executed, and conservatively interpreted studies. Yaruss et al. (1998) presented some information for clinicians to consider, and other relevant information has been presented in other recent forums (e.g., Curlee & Yairi, 1997, and commentaries). I suggest only that clinicians might also want to consider that the literature on stuttering assessment and diagnosis is already full of data-based information and some relatively carefully developed recommendations (see Adams, 1980; Costello & R. J. Ingham, 1984; Culatta & Goldberg, 1995; Curlee, 1993; J. C. Ingham & Riley, 1998; Ryan, 1992). It is critical to note, as well, that essentially all of these sources would recommend treatment for more children sooner than the recommendations presented by Yaruss et al. would do. The phrase “evidence-based treatment” has become popular in the time since Yaruss et al.’s (1998) article was published; the point for children who stutter, and for all of our other clients, is that all of our decisions and recommendations should always
The Efficacy of Auditory Integration Training
Authors: Zollweg William , Palm David , Vance Vere 
Published: July 2014

The present study evaluates the efficacy of auditory integration training (AIT) in a population with multiple handicaps using a double blind experimental design. Thirty residents of a habilitation institute who had multiple handicaps received AIT over a 10-day period. Changes in hearing sensitivity and loudness tolerance, as measured audiometrically, and behavior, as measured by the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC), were evaluated at discrete intervals from 1 week to 9 months post-AIT.
Post-AIT data were then compared to pre-AIT data to determine if changes occurred in either hearing or behavior that could be attributed to the experimental stimulus (AIT). We found no significant difference in hearing threshold or loudness tolerance following AIT. Slight improvement in behavior was seen in both the treatment group and the control group, suggesting that factors other than AIT were responsible for behavioral improvement.
Linguistic and Nonlinguistic Features of Style in Normal and Language-Impaired Children
Authors: Weiss Amy L. , Leonard Laurence B. , Rowan Lynne E. , Chapman Kathy 
Published: July 2014

This study explored two questions concerning the language-learning styles described in recent investigations of early child language. The first question was whether features suggestive of language-learning style, for example, extent of pronoun use, jargon-like speech, formulaic speech, and certain play behaviors occurred in clusters consistent with the specific lexical distribution patterns of young normal children delineated by Nelson (1973). The second portion of the study addressed whether language-impaired children could be characterized as reflecting the same language-learning styles attributed to normal children.
Eight children, four normally-developing and four language-impaired, were classified as "referential" or "expressive" speakers on the basis of their lexical distribution. For both the normal and language-impaired children, linguistic features suggested in the literature as correlating to one or another language-learning style were found to exist in clusters consistent with the children's pattern of lexical distribution. In addition, analyses of videotaped samples coded for the focus and context of the normal and language-impaired children's play behaviors revealed object-based and social-interaction-based activities that were generally consistent with the children's lexical distribution.
Decision-Making Processes in Augmentative Communication
Authors: Owens Robert E. , House Linda I. 
Published: July 2014

The potential population for augmentative communication is large, yet no objective assessment criteria exist. This article provides the clinician with a series of matrices designed to facilitate assessment decision making and implementation of augmentative communication.
The first matrix addresses the appropriateness of augmentative communication. In the matrix the clinician will find an indepth, systematic decision-making procedure for aiding in the choice of augmentative procedures as primary or complementary methods of communication. The second matrix provides the clinician with information on modes of augmentative communication. These modes include manual systems, communication boards, and electronic devices. The third matrix focuses on code information. Particular attention is given to visual and manual codes. Together, the matrices provide the clinician with an objective procedure for evaluating and organizing available clinical information on nonspeaking clients.