bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Gold Coordination Compound as a Chemical Probe to Unravel Aquaporin‐7 Function
Authors: Madeira Ana , de Almeida Andreia , de Graaf Chris , Camps Marta , Zorzano Antonio , Moura Teresa F. , Casini Angela , Soveral Graça 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAquaporins (AQPs) are membrane water/glycerol channels that are involved in many physiological functions. Aquaporin‐based modulators are predicted to have potential utility in the treatment of several diseases, as well as chemical tools to assess AQPs function in biological systems. We recently reported gold(III) compounds as human AQP3 inhibitors, with Auphen as the most potent of the series. In this work, we assessed the modulation of aquaporin‐7 (AQP7) expressed in an adipocyte cell model and show that Auphen significantly inhibits mouse and human AQP7. By homology modeling and molecular docking it was possible to identify the thioether groups of methionine residues, in particular Met47, as likely candidates for binding to the gold(III) complex. Our data point to Auphen as a useful chemical tool to detect AQP7 function. It might constitute a basis to develop inhibitors with improved affinity towards different aquaglyceroporin isoforms.
Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide over MLaOx Perovskites Supported on Mesoporous Zirconia
Authors: Davshan Nikolai A. , Kustov Alexander L. , Tkachenko Olga P. , Kustov Leonid M. , Kim Chang Hwan 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe oxidation of CO was studied on a series of MLaO3 perovskites (M=Co, Fe, Ni) supported on mesoporous zirconia that are synthesized by using a glycine‐mediated method and characterized by using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. The activity of the catalysts in the CO oxidation reaction follows the order Co>Ni>Fe.
What is the malignancy risk for atypia of undetermined significance? Three years' experience at a university hospital in Turkey
Authors: Gocun Pinar Uyar , Karakus Esra , Bulutay Pinar , Akturk Mujde , Akin Murat , Poyraz Aylar 
Published: May 2014

BACKGROUNDThe Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (BSRTC) provides uniform diagnostic terminology for communication between pathologists and clinicians. Each diagnostic category is associated with a specific risk of malignancy and a recommendation for its management. The indeterminate diagnostic categories of atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) present a major challenge for both pathologists and clinicians. We report our institution's 3 years' experience with the AUS/FLUS category and follow‐up of these patients.METHODSA retrospective analysis was conducted for all thyroid fine‐needle aspirations (FNAs) between July 2010 and July 2013. During this period, 9242 nodules from 4916 patients were reported according to the BSRTC guidelines. We adopted the AUS terminology in our practice to refer to both AUS, and FLUS.RESULTSOf the 4916 patients, 347 (7%) were diagnosed as AUS. The malignancy risk for patients who underwent surgical resection after initial diagnosis of AUS was 22.8%, whereas that for patients who underwent a second FNA and surgical resection was 36%. When we included patients with second FNA and without surgery, the malignancy risk was 15.7%.CONCLUSIONSThe malignancy risk for AUS reported in the present study is consistent with those reported previously and is higher than those anticipated according to the Bethesda System. This supports that a multimodal approach (clinical, radiologic, and cytopathologic) is necessary for the management of thyroid nodules diagnosed as AUS. Therefore, we suggest that the recommendation for repeat FNA following an initial diagnosis of AUS should be based on a multimodal approach for each particular patient. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2014;122:604–610. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
An Interwoven Network of MnO2 Nanowires and Carbon Nanotubes as the Anode for Bendable Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ee Shu Jing , Pang Hongchang , Mani Ulaganathan , Yan Qingyu , Ting Siong Luong , Chen Peng 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA porous interwoven network is synthesized, consisting of ultralong MnO2 nanowires and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Serving as the anode for a lithium‐ion battery, this nanocomposite demonstrates excellent performance due to the synergistic integration of these two 1D materials. Taking advantage of the excellent flexibility and strength of this MnO2–MWCNT network, a full, bendable battery is made that offers high capacity, cycling stability, and low cost.
Hexaphenyl‐p‐xylene: A Rigid Pseudo‐Octahedral Core at the Service of Three‐Dimensional Porous Frameworks
Authors: Schade Alexandra , Monnereau Laure , Muller Thierry , Bräse Stefan 
Published: May 2014

AbstractHerein, we report three different hyper‐cross‐linked polymers (HCPs), which were synthesised by means of copper‐catalysed Huisgen 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC). These polymers represent novel porous networks as these are the first examples of frameworks based on a rigid pseudo‐octahedral monomer (para‐substituted hexaphenyl‐p‐xylene)—a sixfold functionalised core. The porous “click” HCPs are insoluble in common organic solvents as well as in strong acids and bases and show a high thermal stability. Their porosity was confirmed by sorption measurements using nitrogen gas at 77 K. The highest Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 725 m2 g−1 was obtained by a combination of the tetrahedral tetrakisphenylmethane‐azide and the pseudo‐octahedral hexaphenyl‐p‐xylene‐alkyne (1,4‐ditritylbenzene‐alkyne).
Towards a Zero‐Waste Oxidative Coupling of Nonactivated Aromatics by Supported Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Serna Pedro , Corma Avelino 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe show that gold nanoparticles are able to perform the direct oxidative coupling of nonactivated aromatics with O2 as the only co‐reagent. In this reaction, the aromatic acts both as reactant and solvent. Biphenyl, for example, can be obtained from benzene with high selectivity and a turnover number (TON) of 230 per pass. Similarly, several substituted biaryls can be prepared. Pd performs only one TON and even when a second catalytic functionality is introduced, together with strong acidic conditions, TON is always lower than 100. Other catalysts require iodine for performing the reaction, leading to 2 kg of waste for 1 kg of biphenyl formed, whereas no waste is created by the oxidative coupling with gold nanoparticles.
Purification of Biomass‐Derived 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural and Its Catalytic Conversion to 2,5‐Furandicarboxylic Acid
Authors: Yi Guangshun , Teong Siew Ping , Li Xiukai , Zhang Yugen 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA simple and effective water extraction method is presented for the purification 5‐hydroxylmethylfurfural (HMF) obtained from a biomass dehydration system. Up to 99 % of the HMF can be recovered and the HMF in aqueous solution is directly converted to 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) as the sole product. This purification technique allows an integrated process to produce FDCA from fructose via HMF prepared in an isopropanol monophasic system, with an overall FDCA yield of 83 % obtained. From Jerusalem raw artichoke biomass to FDCA via HMF prepared in a water/MIBK (methyl isobutyl ketone) biphasic system, an overall FDCA yield of 55 % is obtained.
The functional diversity of essential genes required for mammalian cardiac development
Authors: Clowes Christopher , Boylan Michael G.S. , Ridge Liam A. , Barnes Emma , Wright Jayne A. , Hentges Kathryn E. 
Published: May 2014

SummaryGenes required for an organism to develop to maturity (for which no other gene can compensate) are considered essential. The continuing functional annotation of the mouse genome has enabled the identification of many essential genes required for specific developmental processes including cardiac development. Patterns are now emerging regarding the functional nature of genes required at specific points throughout gestation. Essential genes required for development beyond cardiac progenitor cell migration and induction include a small and functionally homogenous group encoding transcription factors, ligands and receptors. Actions of core cardiogenic transcription factors from the Gata, Nkx, Mef, Hand, and Tbx families trigger a marked expansion in the functional diversity of essential genes from midgestation onwards. As the embryo grows in size and complexity, genes required to maintain a functional heartbeat and to provide muscular strength and regulate blood flow are well represented. These essential genes regulate further specialization and polarization of cell types along with proliferative, migratory, adhesive, contractile, and structural processes. The identification of patterns regarding the functional nature of essential genes across numerous developmental systems may aid prediction of further essential genes and those important to development and/or progression of disease. genesis 52:713–737, 2014. © 2014 The Authors. Genesis Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Specificity of Light‐Induced Covalent Adduct Formation between RuII Oligonucleotide Conjugates and Target Sequences for Gene Silencing Applications
Authors: Marcélis Lionel , Surin Mathieu , Lartia Rémy , Moucheron Cécile , Defrancq Eric , Kirsch‐De Mesmaeker Andrée 
Published: May 2014

AbstractUnder irradiation, Ru–TAP (TAP = 1,4,5,8‐tetraazaphenanthrene) complexes tethered to oligonucleotides (Ru–ODN) hybridized to their complementary target sequences produce irreversible adducts with guanine (G) bases. The interesting feature is that the G bases that react in the double strand (DS) topology belong exclusively to the complementary strand; thus, no G base of the Ru–ODN strand participates in the production of these adducts. This highly specific photoreaction in the DS topology is demonstrated by gel electrophoresis analyses of different duplex sequences in which the positions of the G bases are varied. Atomistic molecular modelling simulations indicate that this specificity is due to important steric constraints for the intrastrand adduct formation in the duplex. Luminescence lifetime measurements furnish more detailed information on these different duplex systems.
Access to Pyrrole Derivatives in Water with the Assistance of Methylated Cyclodextrins
Authors: Menuel Stéphane , Rousseau Jolanta , Rousseau Cyril , Vaičiūnaite Edita , Dodonova Jelena , Tumkevičius Sigitas , Monflier Eric 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA new and efficient catalytic protocol with which to synthesize N‐substituted pyrrole derivatives from amines and 1,4‐diketones by Paal–Knorr condensation in aqueous medium has been developed by using partially methylated β‐cyclodextrins (RAME‐β‐CD). The modified cyclodextrins were used as mass transfer agents without catalyst for reactive ketones and with nitrophenol as catalyst for more hindered ketones.
Uncertainty quantification for the reliability of the analytical analysis for the simplified model of CO2 geological sequestration
Authors: Bao Jie , Xu Zhijie , Fang Yilin 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA hydromechanical model with analytical solutions including pressure evolution and geomechanical deformation for geological CO2 injection and sequestration were introduced in our previous work. However, the reliability and accuracy of the hydromechanical model and the companion analytical solution are uncertain because of the assumptions and simplifications in the analytical model, though it was validated by a few example cases. This study introduces a method to efficiently measure the accuracy of the analytical model and specify the range of acceptable input parameters that can guarantee the accuracy and reliability of the analytical solution. A coupled hydro‐geomechanical subsurface transport simulator, Subsurface Transport over Multiple Phases (STOMP), was adopted as a reference to justify the reliability of the hydromechanical model and the analytical solution. A quasi‐Monte Carlo sampling method was applied to efficiently sample the input parameter space.
Novel acoustic stimuli can alter locomotor speed to hippocampal theta relationship
Authors: Long Lauren L. , Hinman James R. , Chen Chi‐Ming A. , Stevenson Ian H. , Read Heather L. , Escabi Monty A. , Chrobak James J. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTHippocampal theta (6–12 Hz) plays a critical role in synchronizing the discharge of action potentials, ultimately orchestrating individual neurons into large‐scale ensembles. Alterations in theta dynamics may reflect variations in sensorimotor integration, the flow of sensory input, and/or cognitive processing. Previously we have investigated septotemporal variation in the locomotor speed to theta amplitude relationship as well as how that relationship is systematically altered as a function of novel, physical space. In the present study, we ask, beyond physical space, whether persistent and passive sound delivery can alter septal theta local field potential rhythm dynamics. Results indicate pronounced alterations in the slope of the speed to theta amplitude relationship as a function of sound presentation and location. Further, this reduction in slope habituates across days. The current findings highlight that moment‐to‐moment alterations in theta amplitude is a rich dynamic index that is quantitatively related to both alterations in motor behavior and sensory experience. The implications of these phenomena are discussed with respect to emergent cognitive functions subserved by hippocampal circuits. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pisiform bursitis: A forgotten pathology
Authors: Draghi Ferdinando , Gregoli Bettina , Bortolotto Chandra 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTPisiform bursitis is a disease often forgotten in both everyday practice and medical literature. The pisiform bursa is not constant; when present, it is located between the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris and pisiform bone. Bursitis causes pain in the medial side of the wrist and enters into the differential diagnosis of various diseases of this anatomic region, in particular, with enthesitis of the flexor carpi ulnaris and the ganglion of piso‐pyramidal compartment. We present the sonographic appearance of pisiform bursitis in a symptomatic patient. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 42:560–561, 2014
Motor unit number index (MUNIX) in the orbicularis oculi muscle of healthy subjects
Authors: Ahn Suk‐Won , Kim Ki‐Won , Kim Jee‐Eun , Shin Je‐Young , Kim Dong‐Gun , Lee Kwang‐Woo , Sung Jung‐Joon 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The motor unit number index (MUNIX) refers to an electrophysiological method that measures the number of motor units in the surface electromyographic interference pattern (SIP) recorded during graded muscle contractions. MUNIX studies of limb muscles have been conducted, but MUNIX studies of bulbo‐facial muscles have not been reported. Methods: We assessed bilateral orbicularis oculi muscles using MUNIX, and the reference values and reproducibility of MUNIX and motor unit size index (MUSIX) were investigated in healthy subjects. Results: In this study, MUNIX was applied successfully to the orbicularis oculi muscles and showed good reproducibility. The correlation coefficients for MUNIX and MUSIX were 0.803 and 0.592, respectively, and the coefficients of variation were 20.9% and 8.5%, respectively. Conclusions: The MUNIX procedure for the orbicularis oculi muscle would be a useful tool for evaluating bulbar symptoms, especially in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Muscle Nerve 51: 197–200, 2015
Finite analytic numerical method for solving two‐dimensional quasi‐Laplace equation
Authors: Qu Zheng‐Xian , Liu Zhi‐Feng , Wang Xiao‐Hong , Zhao Peng 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA typical power series analytic solution of quasi‐Laplace equation in the infinitesimal angle domain around the singular point of the square cells is provided in this article. Toward the singular point, the gradient of the potential variable will tend to infinity, which is described by the first term of the power series solution. Based on this analytic solution, three finite analytic numerical methods are proposed. These methods are analogous and are constructed, respectively, when considering different numbers of the terms or using different schemes to determine the relevant parameters in the power series. Numerical examples show that all of the three finite analytic numerical methods proposed can provide rather accurate solutions than the traditional numerical methods. In contrast, when using the traditional numerical schemes to solve the quasi‐Laplace equation in a strong heterogeneous medium, the refinement ratio for the grid cell needs to increase dramatically to get an accurate result. In practical applications, subdividing each origin cell into 2 × 2 or 3 × 3 subcells is enough for the finite analytical numerical methods to get relatively accurate results. The finite analytical numerical methods are also convenient to construct the flux field with high accuracy.© 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 30: 1755–1769, 2014
Podocyte autophagic activity plays a protective role in renal injury and delays the progression of podocytopathies
Authors: Zeng Caihong , Fan Yun , Wu Junnan , Shi Shaolin , Chen Zhaohong , Zhong Yongzhong , Zhang Changming , Zen Ke , Liu Zhihong 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe progression of podocytopathies is quite variable among patients and the underlying reason for this remains unclear. Here, we report that autophagic activity in podocytes plays a critical role in controlling the progression of podocytopathies. Morphological and biochemical studies on renal biopsies from patients with minimal change disease (MCD) or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) showed that glomeruli, and in particular podocytes, from MCD patients had higher levels of Beclin1‐mediated autophagic activity than glomeruli from FSGS patients. Repeat renal biopsies of MCD patients enabled tracking of podocyte autophagic activity and confirmed that patients maintaining high podocyte autophagic activity retained MCD status, whereas patients with decreased podocyte autophagic activity progressed to FSGS. Inhibition of autophagic activity, by knocking down Beclin1 or by treating with 3‐methyladenine (3‐MA) or chloroquine, enhanced puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)‐induced apoptosis of podocytes. In contrast, rapamycin‐mediated promotion of autophagic activity decreased this apoptosis. In PAN‐treated rats, inhibition of autophagy with 3‐MA or chloroquine resulted in earlier onset and greater proteinuria, more extensive foot‐process effacement, and reduction in podocyte markers, whereas rapamycin‐mediated stimulation of autophagy led to decreased proteinuria and less severe foot‐process effacement, but higher expression of podocyte markers. This study demonstrates that podocyte autophagic activity plays a critical protective role in renal injury and that maintaining podocyte autophagic activity represents a potential therapeutic strategy for controlling the progression of podocytopathies. Copyright © 2014 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Exploring psychological responses to genetic testing for Lynch Syndrome within the family context
Authors: Eliezer Dina , Hadley Donald W. , Koehly Laura M. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractObjectiveGenetic testing for hereditary cancer susceptibility syndromes is a family‐centered process. Nonetheless, little research has explored how the family context affects psychological responses to genetic testing. We examine how personal test results and the test results of immediate and extended family members shape responses to genetic testing.MethodsIndividuals at risk of carrying a mutation associated with an inherited cancer susceptibility syndrome (Lynch syndrome) received genetic testing. Six months after receiving their results, participants reported on cancer distress, cancer worry, and depressive symptoms.ResultsAmong mutation carriers for Lynch syndrome, the higher the proportion of carriers in their immediate family, the less cancer worry and distress they reported. In contrast, mutation carriers and non‐carriers with a high proportion of carriers in their immediate family and mutation carriers with a high proportion of carriers in their extended family were at elevated risk for clinically significant levels of depressive symptoms.ConclusionPersonal test results alone are not highly predictive of psychological outcomes. Instead, the interaction between personal and family test results, or in some cases, family test results alone, predict key psychological outcomes. The current research has important implications for genetic counseling and intervention efforts. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Expansion Behavior and Temperature Mapping of Thermites in Burn Tubes as a Function of Fill Length
Authors: Densmore John M. , Sullivan Kyle T. , Gash Alexander E. , Kuntz Joshua D. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe reaction of loosely‐packed aluminum/copper oxide (Al/CuO) thermites in a 12 cm long acrylic burn tube was investigated as a function of the fill length from 2 to 10 cm. The velocity of the luminous front was measured both in the filled and unfilled region, and approached 1000 m s−1 in the unfilled region, independent of the fill length. This value is approximately a factor of two higher than the fastest velocity measured in the filled region, 606 m s−1, for the 10 cm filled tube. The velocity increase in the unfilled region ist likely due to the increased open porosity, which can support faster flow velocities for a given pressure gradient relative to that in the porous material. A high‐speed color imaging pyrometer was used to thermally map the evolution of the flame in both regions. Near the luminous front in the filled section, the temperature was observed to rapidly increase in a 1–2 cm zone to a maximum value near 3200 K, and an average value near 3000 K was sustained in the wake well after the front passes and exits the tube. In partially‐filled tubes, even for the lowest fill length of 2 cm, the intermediate and/or product species could be seen to expand forward and completely fill the tube with a sustained temperature of ca. 3000 K. This temperature did not decay during the expansion, suggesting that the material continues to react as it expands. The results raise several questions about what a burn tube experiment is really measuring; such as what fraction of the material has burned when the luminous front passes and what role open cracks or microstructures play in promoting transport. These questions are critically important towards developing a predictive capability for confined, loosely packed deflagrations.
Can we trust climate models?
Authors: Hargreaves J. C. , Annan J. D. 
Published: May 2014

What are the predictions of climate models, should we believe them, and are they falsifiable? Probably the most iconic and influential result arising from climate models is the prediction that, dependent on the rate of increase of CO2 emissions, global and annual mean temperature will rise by around 2–4°C over the 21st century. We argue that this result is indeed credible, as are the supplementary predictions that the land will on average warm by around 50% more than the oceans, high latitudes more than the tropics, and that the hydrological cycle will generally intensify. Beyond these and similar broad statements, however, we presently find little evidence of trustworthy predictions at fine spatial scale and annual to decadal timescale from climate models.This article is categorized under:

Climate Models and Modeling > Knowledge Generation with Models