bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ПОЛНИ ДИМОРФИЗАМ АНТРОПОЛОШКОГ ПРОФИЛА СТУДЕНАТА ВИСОКЕ ШКОЛЕ УНУТРАШЊИХ ПОСЛОВА У ФУНКЦИЈИ РЈЕШАВАЊА ПРОБЛЕМСКИХ СИТУАЦИЈА ИЗ СПЕЦИЈАЛНОГ ФИЗИЧКОГ ОБРАЗОВАЊА
Authors: Паспаљ Дарко 
Published: February 2014

Циљ рада је дефинисање разлика код различитих индика-тора за процјену антрополошког профила студената Високе школе уну-трашњих послова у односу на пол. Узорак испитаника састојао се од се-дамдесет студената треће године Високе школе унутрашњих послова уБањој Луци, распоређених у двије групе према полу: Н = 26, жене и Н =44, мушкарци. Узорак варијабли био је састављен од тестова за процјенуморфолошких и конативних карактеристика и тестова за процјену когни-тивних и моторичких способности. У истраживање су укључене и варија-бле за процјену квалитета рјешавања проблемских ситуација из програмаСпецијалног физичког образовања. Тестирање статистичких разлика у ан-трополошком профилу, с обзиром на пол испитаника, извршено је примје-ном т – теста за независне узорке. На основу добијених резултата можесе закључити да постоји статистички значајна разлика између женске имушке групе испитаника код варијабле тест спацијализације из просторакогнитивних способности и код свих варијабли за процјену морфолошкихкарактеристикама, као и код варијабли: скок удаљ из мјеста, трчање 20 ме-тара летећим стартом, кораци у страну, окретност на тлу, бубњање ногамаи рукама, тапинг руком, максималан број склекова за 10 секунди, максима-лан број подизања трупа за 30 секунди и Куперов тест трчања 12 минутаиз простора моторичких способности у корист испитаника мушке групе,на основу чега можемо претпоставити да су наведене варијабле предик-тивне за успјешно рјешавање проблемских ситуација из програма СФО-аи да постоји њихова велика повезаност са квалитетом рјешавања про-блемских ситуација: савладавање отпора када се лице држи са обје руке запредмет, одбрана од покушаја напада хватом са обје руке за врат сприједа,ослобађање од напада хватом са обје руке за врат сприједа, одбрана од на-пада ударцем руком у главу и одбрана од напада ударцем штапом одозго надоље у правцу главе. Добијене разлике у антрополошком профилу сту-дената свакако су потврда неопходности различитог приступа планирањуи програмирању тренажног рада у склопу ситуационе обуке, нарочитокада је у питању индивидуалан приступ усавршавању карактеристика испособности које доминантно утичу на рјешавања проблемских ситуацијаиз програма Специјалног физичког образовања.
Population characteristics, space use and habitat selection of two non-migratory caribou herds in central Alaska, 1994 - 2009
Authors: Horne Jon S. , Craig Tim , Joly Kyle , Stout Glenn W. , Cebrian Merben R. , Garton Edward O. 
Published: February 2014

Conservation and management of Alaska’s caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti) herds are important for ecological, cultural, social, and economic reasons. While most research is directed towards the large migratory herds, smaller herds that may or may not be migratory can be an equally valuable component of the state’s faunal resources; but for many of these smaller herds, basic information on herd size, demographics, space use and movements is lacking. We compiled Very High Frequency (VHF) telemetry data collected from 1994 - 2009 on 2 such herds in central Alaska, the Hodzana Hills Herd (HHH) and the Ray Mountain Herd (RMH) and estimated abundance, survival, resource selection and seasonal home ranges to inform future management of these herds. We found that both herds were relatively small and stable with approximately 1000 – 1500 individuals; annual survivorship of adult females was high (93% and 94% for RMH and HHH, respectively) and comparable to other stable or increasing herds in Alaska. Both herds were non-migratory maintaining seasonal ranges with substantial overlap. Additionally, despite their close proximity, we did not document any exchange of individuals between the 2 herds. Their spatial separation may be partly due to a strip of non-preferred habitat that somewhat parallels the Dalton Highway. While the telemetry data we used were not originally collected for the purpose of this study, careful compilation and application of appropriate analytical techniques allowed us to glean important characteristics of these herds that will be of value to regulatory and management agencies in the future.
A 249 kyr stack of eight loess grain size records from northern China documenting millennial‐scale climate variability
Authors: Yang Shiling , Ding Zhongli 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIn order to construct a stacked climatic record of millennial‐scale variability for northern China, grain size was measured for 12,330 samples from eight thick loess sections. Between section correlation of these grain size records shows that, although small depositional hiatuses may be present within a single section, most parts of the sections display continuous dust deposition. By correlating the eight records with the precisely dated Chinese stalagmite δ18O record, a stacked 249 kyr‐long grain size time series was constructed, termed the “CHILOMOS” record, which is the first high‐resolution stack documenting millennial‐scale variability in northern China. This stack shows millennial‐scale climatic events superimposed on a prominent cooling trend during the last and penultimate glaciations, consistent with the pattern of increasing global ice volume. However, this cooling trend is dampened in the stalagmite record and totally suppressed in the low‐latitude ocean record. It follows that the Loess Plateau, far from the low‐latitude ocean, is largely influenced by the northern high‐latitude ice sheets, while the proximal stalagmites of southern China primarily document signals from the low‐latitude ocean. Cross correlations of climatic records from high and low latitudes demonstrate that the millennial‐scale abrupt changes originated in the northern polar area and were propagated into East Asia largely through the East Asian winter monsoon. The CHILOMOS record also confirms that the driest and coldest interval of the last 249 kyr occurred in the late MIS 6, and that MIS 7d was extremely cold and dry, similar to the stadial conditions of MIS 6.
Response of the Southern Annular Mode to tidal forcing and the bidecadal rainfall cycle over subtropical southern Africa
Authors: Malherbe Johan , Engelbrecht F. A. , Landman W. A. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractSynoptic weather data and rainfall records are used to support previous suggestions that the decadal‐scale cycle in certain climate records may be attributed to the modulation in tidal forcing related to the 18.6 year lunar nodal cycle. The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) is shown to be sensitive to tidal forcing on a daily time scale. It is subsequently shown that the late‐summer SAM can be predicted by consideration of tidal potential. The seasonal response in the SAM is also reflected in sea surface temperatures. Observed behavior of the atmosphere suggests that changing tidal potential over the lower versus higher latitudinal regions plays a role. The atmospheric response as reflected in the changing SAM affects the daily rainfall variation in certain subtropical parts of southern Africa where rainfall correlates positively with the SAM. The daily rainfall response subsequently accumulates in a bidecadal rainfall cycle, known over southern Africa as the Dyer‐Tyson cycle.
The effects of changing winds and temperatures on the oceanography of the Ross Sea in the 21st century
Authors: Smith Walker O. , Dinniman Michael S. , Hofmann Eileen E. , Klinck John M. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe Ross Sea is critically important in regulating Antarctic sea ice and is biologically productive, which makes changes in the region's physical environment of global concern. We examined the effects of projected changes in atmospheric temperatures and winds on aspects of the ocean circulation likely important to primary production using a high‐resolution sea ice‐ocean‐ice shelf model of the Ross Sea. The modeled summer sea‐ice concentrations decreased by 56% by 2050 and 78% by 2100. The duration of shallow mixed layers over the continental shelf increased by 8.5 and 19.2 days in 2050 and 2100, and the mean summer mixed layer depths decreased by 12 and 44%. These results suggest that the annual phytoplankton production in the future will increase and become more diatomaceous. Other components of the Ross Sea food web will likely be severely disrupted, creating significant but unpredictable impacts on the ocean's most pristine ecosystem.
Asymmetric Hydrosilylation of Ketones Catalyzed by Zinc Acetate with Hindered Pybox Ligands
Authors: Łowicki Daniel , Bezłada Agata , Mlynarski Jacek 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA highly efficient asymmetric hydrosilylation (AHS) of a wide variety of prochiral aryl ketones catalyzed by zinc acetate with TPS‐he‐pybox (tert‐butyldiphenylsilyl hydroxyethyl pybox) ligand has been successfully developed. Cheap and readily available chiral Lewis acids based on zinc salts have been used as promising catalyst for the reduction of aryl ketones under mild conditions at room temperature leading to chiral alcohols in excellent yields and good to high enantioselectivities (up to 85% ee).magnified image
Iron(III) Chloride/Diorganyl Diselenides Promoted Regio‐ and Stereoselective Cyclization of ortho‐Alkynylanilides: Synthesis of (Z)‐4‐(chalcogen)methylenebenzoxazines
Authors: Stein André L. , Bilheri Filipe N. , Back Davi F. , Zeni Gilson 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIntramolecular 6‐exo‐dig cyclization of ortho‐alkynylanilides has been employed in a regio‐ and stereoselective synthesis of (Z)‐4‐(chalcogen)methylenebenzoxazines. Several reaction parameters were screened for the efficient cyclization of ortho‐alkynylanilides. Among them, the reaction of ortho‐alkynylanilides (0.25 mmol) with iron(III) chloride (3.0 equiv.) and diorganyl diselenides (0.75 equiv.) in dichloromethane as solvent gave the products in acceptable to good yields. The resulting products were then subjected to a nitrogen–oxygen exchange reaction with ammonium acetate to furnish quinazoline derivatives. The one‐pot version of this cyclization, starting directly from 2‐alkynylanilines, avoiding the previous preparation of ortho‐alkynylanilides was also briefly studied.magnified image
The fungal microbiome in chronic rhinosinusitis: richness, diversity, postoperative changes and patient outcomes
Authors: Cleland Edward John , Bassioni Ahmed , Boase Samuel , Dowd Scot , Vreugde Sarah , Wormald Peter‐John 
Published: February 2014

BackgroundOur understanding of fungi in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has been limited by previously employed detection techniques. This study examines the fungal component of the microbiome in CRS patients and controls using a highly sensitive culture‐independent molecular technique. The aims of this study include the characterization of fungal richness, prevalence, abundance, temporal changes, and their relationship with patient outcomes.MethodsSwabs were collected from the sinuses of 23 CRS patients and 11 controls. Collection occurred intraoperatively, and at 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively. DNA was extracted from the swabs and fungal outcomes were determined through 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) fungal tag‐encoded FLX amplicon pyrosequencing.ResultsFungi were ubiquitous to all patients. A total of 207 fungal genera were detected, with a mean sample richness of 8.18 and 12.14 in the control and CRS groups, respectively. Malassezia was detected in all patients at surgery and was also the most abundant. Postoperatively, fungal richness decreased (p < 0.05) and was associated with declines in the prevalence of Fusarium and Neocosmospora (p < 0.05). Neocosmospora was also less abundant postoperatively (p < 0.05). No correlations were found with quality of life.ConclusionThis is the first study to use a highly sensitive pyrosequencing technique to reveal the true diversity of fungi in the sinuses of CRS patients and postoperative changes in richness. The presence of Malassezia, a genus not previously described in the sinuses, is of great interest, and its potential as a disease modifier should see further investigation given its association with atopic disease.
Zinc‐Catalyzed Depolymerization of End‐of‐Life Polysiloxanes
Authors: Enthaler Stephan 
Published: February 2014

AbstractPolymers occupy an important role in our current society. Besides their great success, an issue is the accumulation of huge amounts of end‐of‐life polymers. Currently, the waste management is based primarily on landfills, thermal recycling, and downcycling. Notably, only a small portion of end‐of‐life materials is recycled by depolymerization, which refers to the creation of synthetic precursors that can be polymerized to new polymers to close the cycle. Widely used polymers in modern times are silicones (polysiloxanes), the intrinsic properties of which make their depolymerization demanding; only a few high‐temperature or less environmentally friendly processes have been reported. In this regard, we have established an efficient low‐temperature protocol for the depolymerization of silicones with benzoyl fluoride in the presence of cheap zinc salts as precatalysts to yield defined products. Notably, the products can be useful synthetic precursors for the preparation of new polymers, so that an overall recycling process is feasible.
Enantioselective Palladium‐Catalyzed Insertion of α‐Aryl‐α‐diazoacetates into the OH Bonds of Phenols
Authors: Xie Xiu‐Lan , Zhu Shou‐Fei , Guo Jun‐Xia , Cai Yan , Zhou Qi‐Lin 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed asymmetric OH insertion reaction was developed. Palladium complexes with chiral spiro bisoxazoline ligands promoted the insertion of α‐aryl‐α‐diazoacetates into the OH bond of phenols with high yield and excellent enantioselectivity under mild reaction conditions. This palladium‐catalyzed asymmetric OH insertion reaction provided an efficient and highly enantioselective method for the preparation of synthetically useful optically active α‐aryl‐α‐aryloxyacetates.
Molecular Engineering of Push–Pull Porphyrin Dyes for Highly Efficient Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells: The Role of Benzene Spacers
Authors: Yella Aswani , Mai Chi‐Lun , Zakeeruddin Shaik M. , Chang Shu‐Nung , Hsieh Chi‐Hung , Yeh Chen‐Yu , Grätzel Michael 
Published: February 2014

AbstractPorphyrins have drawn much attention as sensitizers owing to the large absorption coefficients of their Soret and Q bands in the visible region. In a donor and acceptor zinc porphyrin we applied a new strategy of introducing 2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole (BTD) as a π‐conjugated linker between the anchoring group and the porphyrin chromophore to broaden the absorption spectra to fill the valley between the Soret and Q bands. With this novel approach, we observed 12.75 % power‐conversion efficiency under simulated one‐sun illumination (AM1.5G, 100 mW cm−2). In this study, we showed the importance of introducing the phenyl group as a spacer between the BTD and the zinc porphyrin in achieving high power‐conversion efficiencies. Time‐resolved fluorescence, transient‐photocurrent‐decay, and transient‐photovoltage‐decay measurements were employed to determine the electron‐injection dynamics and the lifetime of the photogenerated charge carriers.
Folding of Synthetic Homogeneous Glycoproteins in the Presence of a Glycoprotein Folding Sensor Enzyme
Authors: Dedola Simone , Izumi Masayuki , Makimura Yutaka , Seko Akira , Kanamori Akiko , Sakono Masafumi , Ito Yukishige , Kajihara Yasuhiro 
Published: February 2014

AbstractUDP‐glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) plays a key role in recognizing folded and misfolded glycoproteins in the glycoprotein quality control system of the endoplasmic reticulum. UGGT detects misfolded glycoproteins and re‐glucosylates them as a tag for misfolded glycoproteins. A flexible model to reproduce in vitro folding of a glycoprotein in the presence of UGGT in a mixture containing correctly folded, folding intermediates, and misfolded glycoproteins is described. The data demonstrates that UGGT can re‐glucosylate all intermediates in the in vitro folding experiments, thus indicating that UGGT inspects not only final folded products, but also the glycoprotein folding intermediates.
Crystal Engineering of Dual Channel p/n Organic Semiconductors by Complementary Hydrogen Bonding
Authors: Black Hayden T. , Perepichka Dmitrii F. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe supramolecular arrangement of organic semiconductors in the solid state is as critical for their device properties as the molecular structure, but is much more difficult to control. To enable supramolecular design of semiconducting materials, we introduced dipyrrolopyridine as a new donor semiconductor capable of complementary hydogen bonding with naphthalenediimide acceptors. Through a combination of solution, crystallographic, and device studies, we show that the self‐assembly driven by H bonding a) modulates the charge‐transfer interactions between the donor and acceptor, b) allows for precise control over the solid‐state packing, and c) leads to a combination of the charge‐transport properties of the individual components. The predictive power of this approach was demonstrated in the synthesis of three new coassembled materials which show both hole and electron transport in single‐crystal field‐effect transistors. These studies provide a foundation for advanced solid‐state engineering in organic electronics, capitalizing on the complementary H bonding.
Preparation and characterization of polyamide 66/poly(hydroxyl ether of bisphenol A) blends without compatibilizer
Authors: An Jingjing , Cao Xinyu , Ma Yongmei , Ke Yucai , Yang Huahao , Wang Haiqiao , Wang Fosong 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTThe polyamide 66 (PA66)/poly(hydroxyl ether of bisphenol A) (PHE) blend was successfully prepared by twin‐screw extrusion without the addition of any compatibilizer. The PA66/PHE blends had a microphase‐separated structure that varied from a sea‐island structure to a cocontinuous structure, and the mechanical properties were higher than the anticipated values on the basis of the rule of mixtures, which showed a synergistic effect. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and dynamic mechanical analysis illustrated that there was hydrogen‐bonding interaction between the amide groups of the PA66 and the pendant hydroxyl groups of the PHE. This led to the some degree of compatibility and the improvement in the mechanical properties of the blends. The polarized optical microscopy observation showed that the PA66 spherulites of the blend became smaller and more imperfect compared to those of the pure PA66, and differential scanning calorimetry measurement also showed a decrease in the melting temperatures of PA66 of the blend. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40437.
Introducing primary and tertiary amino groups into a neutral polymer: A simple way to fabricating highly efficient nonviral vectors for gene delivery
Authors: Hu Xiufeng , Wang Hongbo , Yang Jianhai , Liu Wenguang , Wang Wei 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIn this work, a brushed polycationic polymer with primary and tertiary amino groups was designed and synthesized for gene delivery. The backbone polymer was poly(N‐hydroxyethylacrylamide) (PHEAA) by the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), and then 3,3′‐diaminodipropylamine (DPA) was grafted onto the PHEAA by the reaction between hydroxyl and the secondary amine. A brushed PHEAA‐DPA cationic polymer was achieved with primary and tertiary amino groups and the ratio was 2 : 1. The PHEAA100‐DPA and PHEAA200‐DPA could effectively condense plasmid DNA (pDNA) at the weight ratio of vector/DNA of 0.6 and 0.4, respectively. The cytotoxicity of PHEAA‐DPA/pDNA to COS‐7 cells and HepG‐2 cells within the weight ratio of vector/DNA of 16 : 1 was lower than that of PEI25k, and cell viability decreased with the increment of the weight ratio. Although the cytotoxicity of PHEAA100‐DPA/pDNA was lower than PHEAA200‐DPA/pDNA, the latter possessed higher transfection efficiency at the same weight ratio both in COS‐7 cells and HepG‐2 cells, compared with PEI25k, the transfection efficiency of PHEAA200‐DPA/pDNA was better in COS‐7 cells and HepG‐2 cells with the weight ratio of 12 : 1 and 10 : 1, respectively. These results showed that the PHEAA‐DPA with less cytotoxicity and higher gene transfection efficiency has a broad perspective in gene therapy. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40468.
Thermal degradation behavior and gas phase flame‐retardant mechanism of polylactide/PCPP blends
Authors: Lin Haijuan , Han Lijing , Dong Lisong 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTThe thermal degradation behavior of the blend based on polylactide (PLA) and poly(1,2‐propanediol 2‐carboxyethyl phenyl phosphinate) (PCPP) was investigated by the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Thermal degradation activation energies (Ea) of neat PLA and PLA/15% PCPP blend were calculated via the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa method. The Ea of the blends increased with the addition of PCPP increasing when the conversion was higher than 10%. In addition, the appropriate conversion models for the thermal degradation process of PLA and PLA/15% PCPP were studied via the Criado method. At the same time, the main gaseous decomposition products of PLA and its blend were identified by TGA/infrared spectrometry (TGA–FTIR) analysis. And it revealed that the PCPP improved the flame‐retardant property of PLA via altering the release of the flammable gas and nonflammable gas. Moreover, the PCPP improved the flame‐retardant property of PLA by inhibiting exothermic oxidation reactions in the combustion, which was further proved by pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40480.
Military Service as Child Sacrifice: Oedipal and Odyssean Perspectives
Authors: Peterson Charles Andrew 
Published: February 2014

AbstractRudyard Kipling was determined to send his sickly, extremely near‐sighted, son, Jack into the meat grinder that was World War I. His son was killed shortly after reaching the front. Kipling's readiness to sacrifice his son will be compared with Abraham's willingness to sacrifice his son, Isaac; both parents were willing to sacrifice their sons for a higher cause. How parents, especially combat veterans who may have been traumatized themselves, view military service will certainly influence how their sons resist or be prepared for military service. Is trauma passed from one generation to the next? Are parents willing to sacrifice their children? Oedipal families will view the prospect of child sacrifice differently than will Odyssean families. These antipodal perspectives will be contrasted as we follow how World War II combat vets prepared Vietnam era sons for service and combat. Composite voices are used to illustrate different vantage points. Tentative suggestions are offered for parents, their children and recruiters. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.