bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural Dynamics of LDL Receptor Interactions with E498A and R499G Variants of PCSK9
Authors: Azhar Nur Alya Amirah , Nawawi Hapizah , Chua Yung-An , Jusoh Siti Azma 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) plays an integral role in cellular cholesterol uptake and lipid metabolism by primarily regulating hepatic clearance of plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Physiologically, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9 (PCSK9) attenuates LDLR function by binding to the LDLR extracellular domain, leading to its lysosomal degradation and thereby preventing the total depletion of circulating LDL-C. However, pathogenic variants of PCSK9 are able to reduce the availability of LDLR, thus significantly increasing plasma LDL-C levels. Despite this understanding, the detailed molecular mechanism of LDLR-PCSK9 interaction remains elusive due to the lack of a full atomistic structure of LDLR. In this study, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to predict LDLR structural dynamics upon binding to PCSK9. Furthermore, two PCSK9 variants, E498A and R499G that were identified in clinically diagnosed Malaysian FH patients were investigated for their mutational effects. The simulations, spanning 500 ns, were conducted for three LDLR-PCSK9 complexes: LDLR-PCSK9 wild-type (WT), LDLR-PCSK9 (E498A), and LDLR-PCSK9 (R499G). Throughout the simulations, PCSK9 structure remained highly stable, in contrast to the LDLR structure that sampled large conformational space. The WT complex exhibited the least change, whereas the R499G complex displayed the most pronounced conformational rearrangement. During the simulations of WT and E498A complexes, the β-propeller domain of LDLR formed interactions with the prodomain of PCSK9. Aligned with the observation, the MM/GBSA analysis revealed that the E498A complex exhibited the highest LDLR-PCSK9 binding affinity (−63.81 kcal/mol), followed by the WT complex (−33.07 kcal/mol), and the R499G complex (−24.21 kcal/mol). These findings provide novel insights into the dynamic interactions between LDLR and PCSK9, highlighting the importance of structural flexibility in mediating their functional relationship. Further studies with complete LDLR structures are required to fully elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying LDLR-PCSK9-mediated cholesterol homeostasis.
Horizontal transfer of nuclear DNA in transmissible cancer
Authors: Gori Kevin , Baez-Ortega Adrian , Strakova Andrea , Stammnitz Maximilian R , Wang Jinhong , Chan Jonathan , Hughes Katherine , Belkhir Sophia , Hammel Maurine , Moralli Daniela , Bancroft James , Drydale Edward , Allum Karen M , Brignone María Verónica , Corrigan Anne M , de Castro Karina F , Donelan Edward M , Faramade Ibikunle A , Hayes Alison , Ignatenko Nataliia , Karmacharya Rockson , Koenig Debbie , Lanza-Perea Marta , Lopez Quintana Adriana M , Meyer Michael , Neunzig Winifred , Pedraza-Ordoñez Francisco , Phuentshok Yoenten , Phuntsho Karma , Ramirez-Ante Juan C , Reece John F , Schmeling Sheila K , Singh Sanjay , Tapia Martinez Lester J , Taulescu Marian , Thapa Samir , Thapa Sunil , van der Wel Mirjam G , Wehrle-Martinez Alvaro S , Stratton Michael R , Murchison Elizabeth P 
Published: July 2024

SummaryAlthough somatic cell genomes are usually entirely clonally inherited, nuclear DNA exchange between cells of an organism can occur sporadically by cell fusion, phagocytosis or other mechanisms1–3. This phenomenon has long been noted in the context of cancer, where it could be envisaged that DNA horizontal transfer plays a functional role in disease evolution4–13. However, an understanding of the frequency and significance of this process in naturally occurring tumours is lacking. The host-tumour genetic discordance of transmissible cancers, malignant clones which pass between animals as allogeneic grafts, provides an opportunity to investigate this. We screened for host-to-tumour horizontal transfer of nuclear DNA in 174 tumours from three transmissible cancers affecting dogs and Tasmanian devils, and detected a single instance in the canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT). This involved introduction of a 15-megabase dicentric genetic element, composed of 11 rearranged fragments of six chromosomes, to a CTVT sublineage occurring in Asia around 2,000 years ago. The element forms the short arm of a small submetacentric chromosome, and derives from a dog with ancestry associated with the ancient Middle East. The introduced DNA fragment is transcriptionally active and has adopted the expression profile of CTVT. Its 143 genes do not, however, confer any obvious advantage to its spatially restricted CTVT sublineage. Our findings indicate that nuclear DNA horizontal transfer, although likely a rare event in tumour evolution, provides a viable mechanism for the acquisition of genetic material in naturally occurring cancer genomes.
Design of a large energy acceptance beamline using fixed field accelerator optics
Authors: Steinberg A. F. , Appleby R. B. , Yap J. S. L. , Sheehy S. L. 
Published: July 2024

Large energy acceptance arcs have been proposed for applications such as cancer therapy, muon accelerators, and recirculating linacs. The efficacy of hadron therapy can be improved by reducing the energy layer switching time, however this is currently limited by the small momentum acceptance of the beam delivery system (<±1%). A “closed-dispersion arc” with a large momentum acceptance has the potential to remove this bottleneck, however such a beamline has not yet been constructed. We have developed a design methodology for large momentum acceptance arcs with Fixed Field Accelerator optics, applying it to a demonstrator beam delivery system for protons at 0.5–3.0 MeV (±42% momentum acceptance) as part of the Technology for Ultra-Rapid Beam Operation project at the University of Melbourne. Using realistic magnetic fields, a beamline has been designed with zero dispersion at either end. An algorithm has been devised for the construction of permanent magnet Halbach arrays for this beamline with multipole error below one part in 104, using commercially available magnets. The sensitivity to errors has been investigated, finding that the delivered beam is robust in realistic conditions. This study demonstrates that a closed-dispersion arc with fixed fields can achieve a large momentum acceptance, and we outline future work required to develop these ideas into a complete proof-of-principle beam delivery system that can be scaled up for a medical facility.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Dimers and discrete breathers in Bose-Einstein condensates in a quasi-periodic potential
Authors: Konotop Vladimir V. 
Published: July 2024

A quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate loaded into a quasi-periodic potential created by two sublattices of comparable amplitudes and incommensurate periods is considered. Although the conventional tight-binding approximation is not applicable in this setting, the description can still be reduced to a discrete model that accounts for the modes below the mobility edge. In the respective discrete lattice, where no linear hopping exists, solutions and their dynamics are governed solely by nonlinear interactions. Families of nonlinear modes, including those with no linear limit, are described with a special focus on dimers, which correspond to breather solutions of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with a quasi-periodic potential. The breathers are found to be stable for negative scattering lengths. Localization and stable propagation of breathers are also observed for positive scattering lengths at relatively weak and moderate nonlinearities.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Ultrabroad-band x-ray source using a picosecond, laser-driven plasma accelerator
Authors: Lemos N. , King P. M. , Rusby D. , Pagano I. , Sinclair M. , Marsh K. A. , Shaw J. L. , Milder A. L. , Pak A. , Pollock B. B. , Aufderheide M. , Hartemann F. V. , Wu S. Q. , Hwang Y. , Hegelich B. M. , Moody J. , Michel P. , Joshi C. , Albert F. 
Published: July 2024

An ultrabroad-band x-ray source, with photon energies from 10 keV to >1 MeV, based on a picosecond laser-driven plasma accelerator, is characterized and used to radiograph high-energy-density-science relevant targets. The measured yield of 1012 photons/shot is reaching the necessary photon yields to radiograph, in a single shot, high areal density objects and matter under extreme conditions. By focusing a short laser pulse (120 J, 1 ps) into a gas jet, a <100 mrad electron beam with energies up to 350 MeV and up to 70 nC of charge was produced by a combination of laser self-modulation instability and direct laser acceleration. A foil placed at the exit of the gas jet is used to convert part of the electron beam energy into x rays through inverse bremsstrahlung and/or inverse Compton scattering, generating a bright, broad-band, high-photon-energy beam. This beam is used to radiograph a gold half hohlraum with a high-density sphere inside with relevant characteristics for high-energy-density science and inertial confinement fusion.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Energy Level Gradients from Surface to Bulk in Hybrid Metal-Halide Perovskite Thin Films
Authors: Bourelle Sean A. , Zhang Xie , Feldmann Sascha , Zhang Baiyu , Mathieson Angus , Eyre Lissa , Abolins Haralds , Winkler Thomas , Van de Walle Chris G. , Deschler Felix 
Published: July 2024

Variations in local strain, defect densities, and composition of hybrid metal-halide perovskites have been reported to create heterogeneous energy landscapes in thin films, which impact charge-carrier diffusion and recombination dynamics. Here, we employ one- and two-photon transient absorption spectroscopy to selectively probe the dynamics of charge carriers from surface and bulk regions of methylammonium lead bromide thin films. Differences in the transient absorption spectra indicate that an energy gradient of approximately 100 meV is formed between the higher band-gap surface and lower band-gap bulk regions. Thus, during their lifetime, photoexcited carriers move away from the surface to recombine in the bulk, where our experiments detect long-lived charge populations despite the significant band splitting that has conventionally been assumed to inhibit efficient radiative recombination. Supported by first-principles calculations, we demonstrate that bright emission can still arise from the bulk with states that occupy a wide range of momenta in the vicinity of the band extrema, which show strong dipole transitions. Our results report that photoexcitations in the hybrid perovskites avoid defect-rich surface regions, and that particularly strong emission is generated from accumulated excitation populations in the bulk.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Likelihood-based interactive local docking into cryo-EM maps in ChimeraX
Authors: Read Randy J. , Pettersen Eric F. , McCoy Airlie J. , Croll Tristan I. , Terwilliger Thomas C. , Poon Billy K. , Meng Elaine C. , Liebschner Dorothee , Adams Paul D. 
Published: July 2024

The interpretation of cryo-EM maps often includes the docking of known or predicted structures of the components, which is particularly useful when the map resolution is worse than 4 Å. Although it can be effective to search the entire map to find the best placement of a component, the process can be slow when the maps are large. However, frequently there is a well-founded hypothesis about where particular components are located. In such cases, a local search using a map subvolume will be much faster because the search volume is smaller, and more sensitive because optimizing the search volume for the rotation-search step enhances the signal to noise. A Fourier-space likelihood-based local search approach, based on the previously published em_placement software, has been implemented in the new emplace_local program. Tests confirm that the local search approach enhances the speed and sensitivity of the computations. An interactive graphical interface in the ChimeraX molecular-graphics program provides a convenient way to set up and evaluate docking calculations, particularly in defining the part of the map into which the components should be placed.
Effects of virtual makeups' perceived augmentation on consumers' perceived value
Authors: Wu Ruijuan , Xiong Sha , Zhang Chenghu 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThe objective of this study is to examine how perceived augmentation of virtual makeup influences consumers’ perceived value (utilitarian and hedonic value).Design/methodology/approachThis research conducts an empirical study, and investigates 474 respondents.FindingsThe results show that perceived augmentation positively influences utilitarian and hedonic value. The wow-effect mediates the impact of perceived augmentation on utilitarian value. Immersion mediates the impact of perceived augmentation on two types of perceived value. Perceived ease of use moderates the influence of perceived augmentation on utilitarian value. Recreational shopper does not moderate the effect of perceived augmentation on hedonic value.Practical implicationsThe study provides practical implications for beauty e-retailers.Originality/valueThis study examines the effect of perceived augmentation, supplements the literature on virtual makeup and AR technology application and enriches the literature on consumer experience of using AR technology.
Central bank digital currencies – a bibliometric analysis on research themes in pursuit of research trends
Authors: Ghosh Kaushik , Das Prabir Kumar 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This study aims to examine the characteristics of cross-border central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) while pinpointing research trends and adoption variables at both individual and macroeconomic levels. Additionally, it delves into the impact of terminology within CBDC-related scholarly literature themes.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors perform a bibliometric study using the metadata of academic papers about CBDC from ScienceDirect, Scopus and Web of Science (WoS), three reputable research databases. Word maps are produced using VOSviewer, an open-source bibliometric analytics program, to find pertinent and predominate words and phrases based on their frequency, placement, connection and co-occurrence. Additionally, the authors use the R programing language to assess the Jaccard similarity between bibliometric metadata and the financial terms in the Loughran-McDonald Master Dictionary (LMMD).

Findings
The study pinpoints the factors that affect CBDC adoption at the micro and macroeconomic levels. Insights into prospective future study themes are provided by the analysis of the metadata corpus, which shows significant and predominate words/phrases and themes in CBDC literature. Notably, the relatively low Jaccard similarity scores in the scholarly literature on CBDC-related topics across all three bibliometric databases suggest a restricted concentration on financial issues. This shows that CBDC research is still in its early stages and that there are still many undiscovered financial aspects.

Originality/value
The identification of literature’s themes using dominant and pertinent words based on bibliometric metadata, considering factors such as frequency and co-occurrence, enriches the evolving field of meta-analysis. Additionally, the use of the Jaccard index to assess the coverage of financial terms within bibliometric metadata represents a unique approach, shedding light on the distinctive aspects of CBDC research.
Grandiose narcissism and entrepreneurship: a conceptual framework and future research agenda
Authors: Bailey Careen Angella , Hussain Javed Ghulam , Psychogios Alexandros 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to explore how narcissistic traits and personality influence entrepreneurial behaviour. In entrepreneurship and psychology, research has shown that narcissism and personality have “productive” and “unproductive” influences on entrepreneurial activities. Therefore, this paper explores the entrepreneur from a social constructionist perspective by using the narrative from the emerging literature. The narrative focus is on narcissism, entrepreneurial personality and the intention to start a new venture, focusing on activities in the early stages of entrepreneurship.

Design/methodology/approach
This study draws upon the narcissism theory and the big five personality models. Using the conceptual model, the authors identify commonalities with entrepreneurial activities such as product and service development, market competitive strategies, marketing, networking, performance management, learning from failure and fund-raising activities. The conceptual framework demonstrates a connection between narcissism, the big five personality and entrepreneurial activities.

Findings
This study proposes an innovative conceptual framework for productive entrepreneurial behaviour. Productive traits of the grandiose narcissist are extraversion and openness to experience, which may have positive influences on the entrepreneurship process. Traits such as assertiveness, overconfidence and intellect have been found to be instrumental in resource acquisition activities. Findings also suggest that the grandiose narcissist will be high in openness to experience (intellect) and extraversion (excitement and social networking). The narcissist is most likely to choose an internal source of funding to protect their fragile ego and maintain control over their entities. Those with high extraversion and openness to experience may be more open to pursuing external sources of funding, as they are more inclined to have social networks and enjoy the external process. Though the study focuses on the “dark trait productivity” of narcissism, it is important not to overlook the damaging side of the narcissistic entrepreneur – “dark trait unproductivity”. The study also discusses the unproductive traits of narcissistic entrepreneurs, such as constantly chasing goals, deflecting and blaming the environment and others for failure, embarking on risky financial decisions, a lack of empathy in team dynamics and poor stakeholder management.

Originality/value
The influence of narcissism on entrepreneurial activities and its impact have gained traction among academia and practitioners. Yet, this is an insufficiently understood area of study and has not been explored in depth. Previous research has focused chiefly on entrepreneurial intentions in the context of entrepreneurship, and what influences the choice to start a business. There is limited research that bridges the gap between entrepreneurial finance and psychology–narcissism personality.
Digital transformation in accounting of Vietnamese small and medium enterprises
Authors: Nguyen Tam , Le-Anh Tuan , Nguyen Thi Hong Nga , Huong Nguyen Lien Thi , Nguyen Xuan Thanh 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This paper studies the factors affecting digital transformation in accounting of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and then influencing accounting information quality.

Design/methodology/approach
The research model includes seven independent variables, namely organizational culture, competitive pressure, employee's awareness, readiness of the information technology systems, organization's mindfulness, alignment of the organization’s strategy and top management support, which affect digital transformation in accounting. Besides, the research model proposed to examine the relationship between digital transformation in accounting and accounting information quality. The paper uses a survey (with 253 respondents) and applies exploratory factor and regression analysis to examine Vietnamese SMEs.

Findings
This paper aims to examine the antecedents of the digital transformation in accounting and its positive impact on the accounting information quality. The research results highlight three factors: the organization's mindfulness, alignment of the organization’s strategy and top management support. In the SMEs, top management may be the one, so the top management in SMEs has a strong influence on the digital transformation in accounting.

Research limitations/implications
There are small sample sizes and not yet guaranteed to cover all business areas of Vietnamese SMEs. Control variables will be added to the research model to evaluate, such as firm size, operation time, sex of top management and age of top management.

Practical implications
The results of this paper provide practical insights into the digital transformation in accounting for business managers, researchers and other stakeholders. Vietnamese SMEs should communicate and educate employees and spend resources to improve the information technology system. It helps to improve the financial accounting quality for SMEs.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to examine factors affecting digital transformation in accounting and the relationship between digital transformation in accounting and the financial accounting quality of SMEs in Vietnam.
Assembly and comparative analyses of the Geosiphon pyriformis metagenome
Authors: Sorwar Essam , Oliveira Jordana Inacio Nascimento , Malar C. Mathu , Krüger Manuela , Corradi Nicolas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGeosiphon pyriformis, a representative of the fungal sub‐phylum Glomeromycotina, is unique in its endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria within a fungal cell. This symbiotic relationship occurs in bladders containing nuclei of G. pyriformis, Mollicutes‐like bacterial endosymbionts (MRE), and photosynthetically active and dividing cells of Nostoc punctiforme. Recent genome analyses have shed light on the biology of G. pyriformis, but the genome content and biology of its endosymbionts remain unexplored. To fill this gap, we gathered and examined metagenomic data from the bladders of G. pyriformis, where N. punctiforme and MRE are located. This ensures that our analyses are focused on the organs directly involved in the symbiosis. By comparing this data with the genetic information of related cyanobacteria and MREs from other species of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, we aimed to reveal the genetic content of these organisms and understand how they interact at a genetic level to establish a symbiotic relationship. Our analyses uncovered significant gene expansions in the Nostoc endosymbiont, particularly in mobile elements and genes potentially involved in xenobiotic degradation. We also confirmed that the MRE of Glomeromycotina are monophyletic and possess a highly streamlined genome. These genomes show dramatic differences in both structure and content, including the presence of enzymes involved in environmental sensing and stress response.