bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Battling Tobacco Use at Home: An Analysis of Smoke-Free Home Rules Among US Veterans From 2001 to 2011
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Martinez-Donate Ana P. , Cook Jessica , Piper Megan E. , Berg Kristin , Jones Nathan R. 
Published: August 2014

Objectives. We examined national trends in smoke-free home rules among US veterans and nonveterans. Methods. We used data from the 2001–2002 and 2010–2011 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey to estimate and compare the existence of smoke-free home rules among veterans and nonveterans for each survey period. Results. The prevalence of a complete smoke-free home rule among veterans increased from 64.0% to 79.7% between 2001 and 2011 (P < .01) but was consistently lower than were rates estimated for nonveterans (67.6% and 84.4%, respectively). Disparities between the 2 groups increased significantly over time (P < .05). Conclusions. Despite the general increase in the adoption of smoke-free home rules, veterans lag behind the rest of the US population. Interventions promoting the adoption of complete smoke-free home rules are necessary to protect veterans and their families and to reduce disparities.
Suicidal Ideation and Mental Distress Among Adults With Military Service History: Results From 5 US States, 2010
Authors: Blosnich John R. , Gordon Adam J. , Bossarte Robert M. 
Published: August 2014

Objectives. We examined the association of military service history with past-year suicidal ideation and past-30-days mental distress in a probability-based sample of adults.Methods. We gathered 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 5 states that asked about past-year suicidal ideation. Military service was defined as current or former active-duty service or National Guard or Reserves service. We stratified analyses into 18 to 39 years, 40 to 64 years, and 65 years and older age groups and used multiple logistic regression analyses, adjusted for demographic confounders, to discern the association of military service history with past-year suicidal ideation and past-30-days mental distress.Results. Among the 26 736 respondents, 13.1% indicated military service history. After adjusting for several confounders, we found military history status among those aged 40 to 64 years was associated with both past-year suicidal ideation and past-30-days mental distress. We found no significant associations among the younger or older age groups.Conclusions. Differences in suicidal ideation between military and nonmilitary individuals may occur in midlife. Future research should examine the possibility of cohort effects, service era effects, or both.
Impact of Race/Ethnicity and Gender on HCV Screening and Prevalence Among US Veterans in Department of Veterans Affairs Care
Authors: Backus Lisa I. , Belperio Pamela S. , Loomis Timothy P. , Mole Larry A. 
Published: August 2014

Objectives. We assessed HCV screening and prevalence among veterans and estimated the potential impact of complete birth cohort screening, accounting for the disparate HCV disease burden by race/ethnicity and gender. Methods. We used the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Corporate Data Warehouse to identify birth dates, gender, race/ethnicity, and laboratory tests for veterans with at least 1 VA outpatient visit in 2012. We calculated HCV screening rates, prevalence, and HCV infection incident diagnosis. Results. Among 5 499 743 veterans, 54.7% had HCV screening through the VA. In more than 2.9 million veterans screened, HCV prevalence was 6.1% overall and highest among Blacks (11.8%), particularly Black men born in 1945 to 1965 (17.7%). HCV infection incident diagnosis in 2012 was 5.9% for men and 2.3% for women. An estimated additional 48 928 male veterans, including 12 291 Black men, and 1484 female veterans would potentially be identified as HCV infected with full birth cohort screening. Conclusions. HCV prevalence was markedly elevated among veterans born in 1945 to 1965, with substantial variation by race/ethnicity and gender. Full adoption of birth cohort screening may reveal substantial numbers of veterans with previously unknown HCV infection.
Perceptions of Workplace Bullying Among Athletic Trainers in the Collegiate Setting
Authors: Weuve Celest , Pitney William A. , Martin Malissa , Mazerolle Stephanie M. 
Published: August 2014

Context:
Bullying has received a vast amount of attention in the recent past. One form of bullying, workplace bullying (WPB), has been a substantial concern explored in many health professions that can negatively influence a health care provider's role in an organization. To date, however, WPB has not been investigated in athletic training contexts.

Objective:
To examine the perceptions of certified athletic trainers who experienced or witnessed WPB during employment in the collegiate setting.

Design:
Qualitative study.

Setting:
College or university.

Patients or Other Participants:
Fifteen athletic trainers (7 women, 8 men) with an average age of 42 ± 12 years.

Data Collection and Analysis:
Data were collected via semistructured, in-depth phone interviews or asynchronous online interviews. Data were analyzed using an inductive content analysis. Trustworthiness was established with member checks and peer debriefing.

Results:
Four themes emerged from the analysis: (1) antecedents of WPB, (2) consequences of WPB, (3) coping with WPB, and (4) lack of workplace environment training. The antecedents of WPB involved the bully's personality and perceptions of the athletic training profession as well as environmental factors including the pressure to win and a lack of administrative support. The consequences of WPB included increased stress, feelings of inadequacy, and increased distrust. Individuals coped with WPB by relying on emotional resilience and avoidance. A final theme, lack of workplace environment training, revealed that little attention was given to interpersonal issues and WPB in the workplace.

Conclusions:
Workplace bullying incidents occur when administrators tolerate bullying behaviors from controlling and manipulative individuals who lack respect for the athletic training professional. Several negative outcomes result from bullying interactions, including stress and anxiety; WPB is dealt with by learning to be more emotionally resilient and avoiding confrontations. Workplace training is needed to prepare athletic trainers for such negative experiences.
Experiences With Workplace Bullying Among Athletic Trainers in the Collegiate Setting
Authors: Weuve Celest , Pitney William A. , Martin Malissa , Mazerolle Stephanie M. 
Published: August 2014

Context:
Workplace bullying (WPB) is a series of persistent negative interactions that affect a clinician's ability to perform his or her role. Although WPB has been studied in other health professions, to date, no information exists pertaining to WPB in athletic training.

Objective:
To determine the prevalence of WPB in the collegiate setting and examine factors that influence its occurrence.

Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Setting:
Collegiate setting.

Patients or Other Participants:
There were 723 (329 female, 394 male) athletic trainers (ATs) aged 37.5 ± 10.4 years.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
We collected data via the validated and reliable online Athletic Training Environment Survey. Descriptive statistics were obtained to determine a bullying score for each AT and examine the prevalence of WPB. Chi-square analyses were performed to examine the differences between (1) sex, (2) academic degree level, (3) employment title, and (4) National Athletic Trainers' Association district.

Results:
A total of 106 participants (14.7%) had a score of 2 or higher, indicating they were bullied in the athletic training setting. Of those bullied, 47 (44.3%) were women and 59 (55.7%) were men. There was no difference between women and men with respect to having experienced bullying (χ21 = 0.068, P = .794). Moreover, no difference existed in the prevalence of bullying among ATs holding various degrees (χ23 = 6.73, P = .081) or among ATs holding various titles within an organization (χ25 = 3.55, P = .616). More (χ21 = 23.77, P = &lt; .001) perpetrators were male (74.2%, n = 75) than female (25.8%, n = 26); of these, 38.2% (n = 39) were coaches, 17.6% (n = 18) were supervisory ATs, and 8.8% (n = 9) were coworker ATs.

Conclusions:
Bullying was experienced by both male and female ATs in the collegiate setting, and a higher number of bullies were male. More research is necessary to explore WPB in other work settings.
Dominant-Limb Range-of-Motion and Humeral-Retrotorsion Adaptation in Collegiate Baseball and Softball Position Players
Authors: Hibberd Elizabeth E. , Oyama Sakiko , Tatman Justin , Myers Joseph B. 
Published: August 2014

Context:
Biomechanically, the motions used by baseball and softball pitchers differ greatly; however, the throwing motions of position players in both sports are strikingly similar. Although the adaptations to the dominant limb from overhead throwing have been well documented in baseball athletes, these adaptations have not been clearly identified in softball players. This information is important in order to develop and implement injury-prevention programs specific to decreasing the risk of upper extremity injury in softball athletes.

Objective:
To compare range-of-motion and humeral-retrotorsion characteristics of collegiate baseball and softball position players and of baseball and softball players to sex-matched controls.

Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Setting:
Research laboratories and athletic training rooms at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Patients or Other Participants:
Fifty-three collegiate baseball players, 35 collegiate softball players, 25 male controls (nonoverhead athletes), and 19 female controls (nonoverhead athletes).

Intervention(s):
Range of motion and humeral retrotorsion were measured using a digital inclinometer and diagnostic ultrasound.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Glenohumeral internal-rotation deficit, external-rotation gain, total glenohumeral range of motion, and humeral retrotorsion.

Results:
Baseball players had greater glenohumeral internal-rotation deficit, total–range-of-motion, and humeral-retrotorsion difference than softball players and male controls. There were no differences between glenohumeral internal-rotation deficit, total–range-of-motion, and humeral-retrotorsion difference in softball players and female controls.

Conclusions:
Few differences were evident between softball players and female control participants, although range-of-motion and humeral-retrotorsion adaptations were significantly different than baseball players. The throwing motions are similar between softball and baseball, but the athletes adapt to the demands of the sport differently; thus, stretching/strengthening programs designed for baseball may not be the most effective programs for softball athletes.
Clinical and Instrumented Measurements of Hip Laxity and Their Associations With Knee Laxity and General Joint Laxity
Authors: Fan Lixia , Copple Timothy J. , Tritsch Amanda J. , Shultz Sandra J. 
Published: August 2014

Context:
Hip-joint laxity may be a relevant anterior cruciate ligament injury risk factor. With no devices currently available to measure hip laxity, it is important to determine if clinical measurements sufficiently capture passive displacement of the hip.

Objective:
To examine agreement between hip internal-external–rotation range of motion measured clinically (HIERROM) versus internal-external–rotation laxity measured at a fixed load (HIERLAX) and to determine their relationships with knee laxity (anterior-posterior [KAPLAX], varus-valgus [KVVLAX], and internal-external rotation [KIERLAX]) and general joint laxity (GJL).

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting:
Controlled research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:
Thirty-two healthy adults (16 women, 16 men; age = 25.56 ± 4.08 years, height = 170.94 ± 10.62 cm, weight = 68.86 ± 14.89 kg).

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Participants were measured for HIERROM, HIERLAX at 0° and 30° hip flexion (−10 Nm, 7 Nm), KAPLAX (−90 N to 133 N), KVVLAX (±10 Nm), KIERLAX (±5 Nm), and GJL. We calculated Pearson correlations and 95% limits of agreement between HIERROM and HIERLAX_0° and HIERLAX_30°. Correlation analyses examined the strength of associations between hip laxity, knee laxity, and GJL.

Results:
The HIERROM and HIERLAX had similar measurement precision and were strongly correlated (r &gt; 0.78). However, HIERROM was systematically smaller in magnitude than HIERLAX at 0° (95% limits of agreement = 29.0° ± 22.3°) and 30° (21.4° ± 19.3°). The HIERROM (r = 0.51–0.66), HIERLAX_0° (r = 0.52–0.69) and HIERLAX_30° (r = 0.53–0.76) were similarly correlated with knee laxity measures and GJL. The combinations of KVVLAX and either HIERROM, HIERLAX_0°, or HIERLAX_30° (R2 range, 0.42–0.44) were the strongest predictors of GJL.

Conclusions:
Although HIERROM and HIERLAX differed in magnitude, they were measured with similar consistency and precision and were similarly correlated with knee laxity and GJL measures. Individuals with greater GJL also had greater hip laxity. These findings are relevant to clinicians and investigators conducting prospective risk factor studies, given the need for accessible, efficient, and low-cost alternatives for characterizing an individual's laxity profile.
Achieving Work-Life Balance in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Setting, Part II: Perspectives From Head Athletic Trainers
Authors: Goodman Ashley , Mazerolle Stephanie M. , Pitney William A. 
Published: August 2014

Context:
Work-life balance has been examined at the collegiate level from multiple perspectives except for the athletic trainer (AT) serving in a managerial or leadership role.

Objective:
To investigate challenges and strategies used in achieving work-life balance from the perspective of the head AT at a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I university.

Design:
Qualitative study.

Setting:
Web-based management system.

Patients or Other Participants:
A total of 18 head ATs (13 men, 5 women; age = 44 ± 8 years, athletic training experience = 22 ± 7 years) volunteered.

Data Collection and Analysis:
Participants journaled their thoughts and experiences in response to a series of questions. To establish data credibility, we included multiple-analyst triangulation, stakeholder checks, and peer review. We used a general inductive approach to analyze the data.

Results:
Two higher-order themes emerged from our analysis of the data: organizational challenges and work-life balance strategies. The organizational challenges theme contained 2 lower-order themes: lack of autonomy and role demands. The work-life balance strategies theme contained 3 lower-order themes: prioritization of commitments, strategic boundary setting, and work-family integration.

Conclusions:
Head ATs are susceptible to experiencing work-life imbalance just as ATs in nonsupervisory roles are. Although not avoidable, the causes are manageable. Head ATs are encouraged to prioritize their personal time, make efforts to spend time away from their demanding positions, and reduce the number of additional responsibilities that can impede time available to spend away from work.
Charisma and Community in the Aesthetics of Political Islam
Authors: Barzegar Abbas 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis article argues that the contemporary political moment, which contextualizes the study of Islam in Western universities and beyond, exacerbates long-held anxieties in social theory regarding the relationship between charisma and political community. Mature secular democracies, it is assumed, should be void of the passion and mass mobilization that often emerge from the charismatic, be it embodied by an individual or routinized in institutions. Thus the question: can Islamic political experiments be understood within the secular framework as anything other than pathology? In an attempt to answer this question, this article explores the potential uses and limits of the category of charisma in the study of “political Islam.” It does so by engaging the discourse of wilāyah, guardianship/sainthood, and its relationship to the Islamic aesthetic tradition. Positing the political in terms of beauty, I argue, reveals a number of otherwise overlooked dynamics of the Islamic revival.
Flood forecasting for River Mekong with data‐based models
Authors: Shahzad Khurram M. , Plate Erich J. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn many regions of the world, the task of flood forecasting is made difficult because only a limited database is available for generating a suitable forecast model. This paper demonstrates that in such cases parsimonious data‐based hydrological models for flood forecasting can be developed if the special conditions of climate and topography are used to advantage. As an example, the middle reach of River Mekong in South East Asia is considered, where a database of discharges from seven gaging stations on the river and 31 rainfall stations on the subcatchments between gaging stations is available for model calibration. Special conditions existing for River Mekong are identified and used in developing first a network connecting all discharge gages and then models for forecasting discharge increments between gaging stations. Our final forecast model (Model 3) is a linear combination of two structurally different basic models: a model (Model 1) using linear regressions for forecasting discharge increments, and a model (Model 2) using rainfall‐runoff models. Although the model based on linear regressions works reasonably well for short times, better results are obtained with rainfall‐runoff modeling. However, forecast accuracy of Model 2 is limited by the quality of rainfall forecasts. For best results, both models are combined by taking weighted averages to form Model 3. Model quality is assessed by means of both persistence index PI and standard deviation of forecast error.
Integrating weather and climate prediction: Toward seamless hydrologic forecasting
Authors: Yuan Xing , Wood Eric F. , Liang Miaoling 
Published: August 2014

AbstractSeamless hydrologic forecasting is explored through integrating medium‐range weather forecasts from NOAA's Global Ensemble Forecast System Reforecast version 2 (GEFSRv2) and seasonal climate predictions from the Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2). A set of 25 year hydrologic reforecasts over the Ohio basin shows that incorporating GEFSRv2 14 day forecasts into the Ensemble Streamflow Prediction (ESP) and CFSv2‐based seasonal forecast systems improves efficiency scores for month‐1 streamflow by up to 32.6% and 11.2%, respectively. For the second biweekly forecast, the combination of GEFSRv2 and CFSv2 is superior to that of GEFSRv2 and ESP by increasing efficiency score up to 17.2%, suggesting that the climate prediction usefully extends the medium‐range hydrologic forecast. As compared with ESP, incorporation of either weather or climate prediction improves the month‐1 soil moisture drought prediction significantly. The potential of seamless hydrologic forecast should be further investigated from the operational service perspective and improved understanding of underlying physical processes.
Catalytic Borylation of SCF3‐Functionalized Arenes by Rhodium(I) Boryl Complexes: Regioselective CH Activation at the ortho‐Position
Authors: Kalläne Sabrina I. , Braun Thomas 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAn unprecedented reaction pathway for the borylation of SCF3‐containing arenes using [Rh(Bpin)(PEt3)3] (pin=pinacolato) is reported. Catalytic processes were developed and the functionalizations proceed under mild reaction conditions. The CH activations occur with a unique regioselectivity for the position ortho to the SCF3 group, which apparently serves as directing group. Borylated SCF3 compounds can serve as versatile building blocks.
A high‐throughput adrenaline test for the exploration of the catalytic potential of halohydrin dehalogenases in epoxide ring‐opening reactions
Authors: Tang Lixia , Liu Yu , Jiang Rongxiang , Zheng Yu , Zheng Kai , Zheng Huayu 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe principle of the adrenaline test for enzymes is based on the quantification of periodate‐sensitive reaction products with adrenaline to produce a chromogenic compound adrenochrome that can be easily detected. Here, a rapid whole‐cell ‐based adrenaline assay for the activity measurement of halohydrin dehalogenases (HHDHs) in nucleophile‐mediated epoxide ring‐opening reactions is presented. The assay was validated using two types of model reactions (glycidol with nucleophiles and nitrite with epoxides). Moreover, the reliability of the assay was confirmed by gas chromatography analysis. Our results demonstrated that the developed assay is efficient in both library screening and the evaluation of catalytic diversity and specificity of HHDHs. Thus, the assay represents a valuable tool in the evolution of HHDHs for its industrial applications. Moreover, the adrenaline test exhibits a great potential for enzyme assay and could be easily adopted for other suitable enzymes.
Phosphorylation of silk fibroins improves the cytocompatibility of silk fibroin derived materials: A platform for the production of tuneable material
Authors: Volkov Vadim , Vasconcelos Andreia , Sárria Marisa P. , Gomes Andreia C. , Cavaco‐Paulo Artur 
Published: August 2014

AbstractSilk fibroin demonstrates great biocompatibility and is suitable for many biomedical applications, including tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Current research focuses on manipulating the physico‐chemical properties of fibroin, and examining the effect of this manipulation on firobin's biocompatibility. Regenerated silk fibroin was modified by in vitro enzymatic phosphorylation and cast into films. Films were produced by blending, at several ratios, the phosphorylated and un‐phosphorylated fibroin solutions. Fourier transform infra‐red spectroscopy was used to determine the specific P–OH vibration peak, confirming the phosphorylation of the regenerated silk fibroin solution. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that phosphorylation altered the intra‐ and inter‐molecular interactions. Further experiments demonstrated that phosphorylation can be used to tailor the hydrophylicity/hydrophobicity ratio as well as the crystalinity of silk fibroin films. Release profiling of a model drug was highly dependent on silk modification level. Cytotoxicity assays showed that exposure to lixiviates of phosphorylated films only slightly affected cellular metabolism and proliferation, although direct contact resulted in a strong direct correlation between phosphorylation level and cell proliferation. This new method for tuning silk biomaterials to obtain specific structural and biochemical features can be adapted for a wide range of applications. Phosphorylation of silk fibroins may be applied to improve the cytocompatibility of any silk‐based device that is considered to be in contact with live animals or human tissues.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure, Magnetic and Photo Response Properties of La3CuGaSe7.
Authors: Zhang Xian , Chen Wei , Mei Dajiang , Zheng Chong , Liao Fuhui , Li Yanting , Lin Jianhua , Huang Fuqiang 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe title compound is synthesized by solid state reaction of the elements (sealed silica tube, 1273 K, 3 d) and characterized by powder and single crystal XRD, solid state UV/VIS spectroscopy, magnetic measurements, and photoresponse measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Tin Phosphide as a Promising Anode Material for Na‐Ion Batteries.
Authors: Kim Youngjin , Kim Yongil , Choi Aram , Woo Sangwon , Mok Duckgyun , Choi Nam‐Soon , Jung Yoon Seok , Ryu Ji Heon , Oh Seung M. , Lee Kyu Tae 
Published: August 2014

AbstractSn4P3 is prepared by ball milling of Sn and red phosphorus powders (Ar atmosphere, 1 h) and characterized by powder XRD, FESEM, TEM, and electrochemical measurements.