bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Information Literacy of the Students Studying Mathematics and Computer Science Programs at University
Authors: Pečiuliauskienė Palmira , Damauskienė Loreta 
Published: August 2015

The paper examines the information literacy of the students studying mathematics and computer science programs considering the following components of the theoretical model of information literacy: 1) understanding the purpose and the need for the information; 2) determining the strategy for the information retrieval and obtaining the information; 3) selection and processing the information, 4) use of the information for the intended objective; 5) ethical and legal use of the information. This paper compares the components of students’ information literacy and explains the differences between them as well as the factors causing these differences.
It has been revealed that the strategic and ethical abilities of mathematics and information science students are mostly developed, in particular ethical and legal use of information (average of correctly completed tasks is 56.35 %), and research purpose and need of understanding (average of correctly completed tasks average is 50.46 %).
The information selection and processing abilities are weakest (average of correctly completed tasks is 38.08 %) and the abilities of determining information strategies and search of information also are weak (average of correctly completed tasks is 40.99 %).
ANOVA (analysis of variance) identified statistical significant difference between five groups of information skills. Turkey test has revealed the homogeneity of two ability groups (3 – Selection and management of information and 2 – information retrieval and information strategy for the achievement).
Analysis Of Damage Arising From Exploitation Of The Aircraft
Authors: Woźny Piotr , Błachnio Józef 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
During exploitation, due to a variety of reasons, aircrafts are damaged or suffer from different failures. In the process of operation, using appropriate methods of diagnosis, failure, damage, and relative deregulation of individual elements or units can be detected. For this purpose, one can apply a number of indirect diagnostic methods with the use of recorded diagnostic signals or a direct diagnosis with the use of non-destructive methods. The proper identification of the technical condition allows to determine the causes of irregularities and take actions aimed at preventing their occurrence. The article presents the types of exploitation damage of a multi-purpose aircraft. In addition, the criteria for the division of damage and research methods of the causes of damage are presented. Furthermore, an analysis of the scope of activities to be performed during the research of causes of damage to the aircraft is made.
Synthetic Diagnostics Of The JET System Of The JET-2 Unmanned Drone
Authors: Sabak Ryszard 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
In recent years, , newer and newer designs of unmanned air vehicles have been appeared and in a spread and spread area. That is why, their service and in particular their diagnostics should be carried out both before and in each flight. In this paper, a description of both unmanned air vehicle JET-2 and its units and control system are presented. The paper includes also description of signals which are transmitted in a real time from the dron to the flight control station. These signals enable to state whether the vehicle works in a correct way. An interactive diagnostics model is presented as two united equations of state which are based on an observation that the usable value of the UAV resulting from its working standards, depends on its technical condition and what is more, technical condition depends on its working condition (intensity of usage). It should be stated that technical conditions are an environment for working conditions and working conditions are an environments for technical conditions. Presented model gives a comprehensive information about technical and working capability of a vehicle. It enables to plan next flights taking into account their currant potential and capability.
An Icing Of Aircraft – Reasons, Consequences, Counteraction
Authors: Gębura Andrzej , Janusiak Kazimierz , Poradowski Michał 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The article presents reasons of an helicopter’s ising as well as an aircraft’s ising. The maion attention is addressed a conteraction of an ising. Autors divide the problem an two groups: an ising of an airframe – mostly lifting surfaces, an ising of engines. According to authors reasons, an extension (first of all) consequences of airframe’s ising considerably differ from seemingly similar events in an engine. The considerable attention is concentrated on a connteraction of consequences of an ising during the flight. The most complicated ising referes to helicopters, considering their particular aerodynamics characteristics. The autors dedicated is greather attention. Results reached during investigations of heating rotor blades in ITWL are presented.
The Image Brightness Control System Dedicated For The Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Authors: Cieśluk Jakub , Gosiewski Zdzisław 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The investigations of systems which allow to avoid obstacles by the unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are presented in the paper. The systems are designed to enable the full autonomous UAV flight in unknown, dynamic environment. Presented solutions enable to real-time control of the image brightness, without significantly disturbing the objectivity of the vision system. Single board ADSP-BF537 computer with built-in CMOS camera was used in the experimental studies. The final stage of the task is to perform fully autonomous missions of flying object with the real obstacles on its trajectory.
VEGETATION STRUCTURE AND REGENERATION OF VAN PANCHAYAT FORESTS IN KUMAUN HIMALAYA, UTTARAKHAND
Authors: Pandey Jyoti , Lodhiyal L. S. 
Published: August 2015

Study deals with the vegetation structure and regeneration in Van Panchayat forests in Nainital of Kumaun Himalaya. The analysis of forest was done in three sites i.e. hill top, hill slope and hill base forest site. Tree density in Jungalia and Soangaon Van Panchayats ranged from 80-2070 and 50-5270 individual ha-1 respectively. Importance value index was 8.11-137.29 in Jungalia gaon Van Panchayat while 15.65-143.04 in Soangaon Van Panchayat. Species diversity ranged from 0.09-1.97 in Jungalia gaon and 0.17-0.44 in Soangaon Van Panchayat. The occurrence of higher number of seedlings in both the Van Panchayat showed good regeneration potential of tree species. International Journal of EnvironmentVolume-4, Issue-3, June-August 2015Page: 69-80
FIELD BASED ASSESSMENT OF FOLIAR BLIGHTS DISEASE OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Basnet Roshan , Upadhyay Shesh Raman , Gautam Nutan Raj , Puri Ramesh Raj , Pandey Deepak 
Published: August 2015

Wheat, the third major staple crop of Nepal has been suffered from many diseases. Various diseases are the major limiting factors of considerable wheat production, one of them is Spot blotch. Spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is a major disease of wheat in warm and humid regions of the Nepal. The fungus has a worldwide distribution but as a pathogen it is the most aggressive under the conditions of high relative humidity and temperature associated with the low fertility of soils in South Asia, South America, Africa, and Australia. The yield loss due to the disease is very significant Nepal. This experiment was conducted to identify the genotypes (crossing) having good level of resistance against spot blotch. The experiment set was received from CIMMYT comprises 52 entries and arranged in alpha lattice design with two replication in 2012/13 at NWRP, Bhairahawa condition. Three times diseases scoring were done in double digit method and calculated the Area under disease progress curve (AUDPC). Heading days, days to maturity, plant height and test weight were found highly significant but the grain yield and AUDPC were not significant among the entries. However, the grain yield and test weight (50.5 gm) were found higher where the AUDPC was lower recorded in genotype 6719 (4046 kg/ha and AUDPC 488.33) followed by genotype 6737 (3765 Kg/ha and AUDPC 576.9) and genotype 6718 (3550 kg/ha and AUDPC 596.33). International Journal of Environment Volume-4, Issue-3, June-August 2015Page: 140-150
Surgical correction of a bilateral congenital tarsal hyperextension deformity in a cat
Authors: Özak A. , Nisbet Özlem , Yardımcı C. 
Published: August 2015

Summary
Case description: An approximately three-month-old, 0.45 kg female Domestic Short-haired kitten with stiff hyperextended hind-limbs distal to the talo-central joint is reported. Attempts at repositioning of the joints by flexion failed while increased manipulative forces caused signs of pain and vocalization. Orthogonal radiographic views revealed a significant malarticulation of the tarsus. Goniometric measurments revealed a 145° extensor and 95° internal torsional deformity.
Treatment and outcome: Pantarsal arthrodesis with a transarticular external fixation system was performed for both limbs in two separate stages. Pre-assembled frames were composed of two 40 mm diameter half rings (on the medial side) and two 40 mm diameter full rings connected with two pre-contoured (125° flexion) rods from proximal to distal. Following transection of the superficial and deep digital flexor tendons, cartilage was removed from the articular surfaces, autologous cancellous bone graft was inserted, and joints were fixed in 125° flexion with pre-contured external frames. The cat commenced weight-bearing bilaterally immediately postoperatively. Frames were removed 32 and 27 days after application. Two months after frame removal, joint fusion was confirmed and full weight-bearing at the walk and run was achieved.
Clinical relevance: To our knowledge, this is the first report of surgical correction of a bilateral congenital tarsal hyperextension deformity by pantarsal arthrodesis using a transarticular external fixation system.
Timing of Tourniquet Release in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Huang ZeYu , Ma Jun , Zhu Yun , Pei FuXing , Yang Jing , Zhou Zongke , Kang Pengde , Shen Bin 
Published: August 2015

Educational Objectives

As a result of reading this article, physicians should be able to:

1.
Describe the available tourniquet application strategies for patients treated with total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

2.
Differentiate the potential strengths and limitations of tourniquet release before and after wound closure in TKA.

3.
Cite the available evidence regarding tourniquet release before and after wound closure in TKA.

4.
Recognize the optimal tourniquet application strategy in TKA based on the available evidence.

The authors conducted a meta-analysis to determine the optimal tourniquet application strategy in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Fourteen high-quality randomized, controlled trials were retrieved. The results showed tourniquet release before wound closure for hemostasis could significantly increase not only the total measured blood loss but also the calculated blood loss in patients treated with TKA, regardless of fixation type. With proper control of the amount of pressure (less than 293 mm Hg) and the duration of application (less than 150 minutes), tourniquet release after wound closure can reduce blood loss in patients treated with primary TKA without increasing the risk of complications. [
Orthopedics.
2015; 38(7):445–451.]
Value Theory
Authors: Orsi Francesco 
Published: August 2015

What is it for a car, a piece of art or a person to be good, bad or better than another? In this first book-length introduction to value theory, Francesco Orsi explores the nature of evaluative concepts used in everyday thinking and speech and in contemporary philosophical discourse. The various dimensions, structures and connections that value concepts express are interrogated with clarity and incision.
Orsi provides a systematic survey of both classic texts including Plato, Aristotle, Kant, Moore and Ross and an array of contemporary theorists. The reader is guided through the moral maze of value theory with everyday examples and thought experiments. Rare stamps, Napoleon's hat, evil demons, and Kant's good will are all considered in order to probe our intuitions, question our own and philosophers' assumptions about value, and, ultimately, understand better what we want to say when we talk about value.
Identity theory as a theoretical framework to understand attrition for university students in transition
Authors: Whannell Robert , Whannell Patricia 
Published: August 2015

There has been extensive research done with a view to explaining the processes of transition into tertiary study and the factors that may be associated with student attrition. This paper consolidates the authors’ research in relation to the transition of students into adult and tertiary bridging programs and undergraduate university study and presents an alternative approach to the use of objective conditions such as financial challenges and first-in-family status in explaining the attrition phenomenon. Identity theory is used as the basis to develop a theoretical framework that will assist educators working in these areas to engage more fully with and assist students to develop the academic and scholarly identity necessary to sustain appropriate and effective academic behaviours during the transition into tertiary education.
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia
Authors: Viniou N. A. , Diamantopoulos P. , Barbetseas J. , Sanidas E. A. 
Published: August 2015

SummaryHeparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a prothrombotic syndrome initiated by platelet-activating auto-antibodies with potentially devastating complications. Once the diagnosis of HIT is suspected, discontinuation of heparin and treatment with an alternative anticoagulant are mandatory. While established drugs for HIT are no longer available, parenteral factor Xa inhibitors, thrombin inhibitors and perhaps the direct oral anticoagulants provide additional treatment options. The aim of this review was to highlight the current clinical aspects regarding HIT focusing on the role of novel medications.
Combination of transient elastography with serum-based non-invasive tests improves prediction of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Zykus Romanas , Jonaitis Laimas , Petrenkienė Vitalija , Gudinavičienė Inga , Kupčinskas Limas 
Published: August 2015

The work was carried out at the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Hospital Kaunas Clinics.
Background. To date, there is not enough data to conclude whether the combination of different non-invasive liver fibrosis tests could improve the accuracy in prediction of liver fibrosis. The aim of this study was to assess correlation between transient elastography (TE), aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI), fibrosis 4 score (FIB4) and histological stage of fibrosis (F).
Materials and methods. In this prospective study the correlation of TE, APRI and FIB4 with the stage of fibrosis was assessed in 140 patients with chronic HCV hepatitis. TE, APRI and FIB4 were measured the same day before biopsy. Fibrosis was evaluated using the METAVIR score. Cut-off values were established by applying the ROC curve analysis. All non-invasive tests were combined into pairs in order to evaluate the accuracy of fibrosis prediction.
Results. The stage of fibrosis correlated with TE (R-0.74), FIB4 (R-0.67) and APRI (R-0.58). To detect F4 TE cut-off value 12.1 kPa had 93.8% sensitivity and 85% specificity; APRI cut-off value 1.42 (84.4/81.1) and FIB4 cutoff value 2.89 (84.4/84.0) were established. To determine F ≥ 3 – 10.3 kPa (91.1/83.9), 1.28 (77.8/78.5), 2.28 (84.4/81.7); F ≥ 2 8.5 kPa (80.9/74.3), 1.12 (72.1/78.6), 1.63 (82.4/75.7); F ≥ 1 5.35 kPa (85.4/100), 0.45 (89.2/87.5), 0.89 (87.7/75). Significant increase of accuracy was observed in TE/APRI (p – 0.008) and FIB4/APRI (p – 0.02) groups to predict F ≥ 1, and TE/FIB4 to predict F ≥ 2 (p – 0.04) and F ≥ 1 (p – 0.04).
Conclusions. Combined use of TE/APRI, FIB4/APRI increased the accuracy to predict F ≥ 1, and TE/FIB4 combination increased the accuracy to predict F ≥ 2 and F ≥ 1.
Does Control Privatisation Affect Corporate Tax Aggressiveness?
Authors: Wang Liangliang , Wang Yuetang 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The extant literature has shown that “control privatisation” (CP) can improve corporate performance. There is little evidence, however, on how CP affects corporate performance. This paper investigates this issue from the perspective of tax planning. Using a difference-in-differences (DID) model with paired samples as a control group, we examine whether corporate tax aggressiveness changes after CP. The results suggest that after CP, corporations exhibit increased tax aggressiveness compared with the paired sample. Further, compared with the paired sample, the tax aggressiveness of central government owned corporations does not change after privatisation, while local government owned corporations become more tax aggressive after privatisation. Our results hold constant under a series of robustness tests. This paper not only enriches the literature on tax planning but also provides new evidence concerning the effect of CP on corporate performance.
A unified framework for stability of channel bifurcations in gravel and sand fluvial systems
Authors: Bolla Pittaluga Michele , Coco Giovanni , Kleinhans Maarten G. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBifurcating rivers shape natural landscapes by distributing water and sediments on fluvial plains and in deltas. Symmetrical bifurcations were often found to be unstable so that one branch downstream of the bifurcation enlarged while the other dwindled. A unified theory able to predict bifurcation stability in both gravel bed and sand bed rivers is still lacking. Here we develop a new theory for the stability of bifurcations for the entire range of gravel bed to sand bed rivers. The theory indicates opposite behavior of gravel bed and sand bed rivers: we predict that symmetrical bifurcations are inherently stable for intermediate Shields stresses but are inherently unstable for the low and high Shields stresses found in the majority of rivers on Earth. In the latter conditions asymmetrical bifurcations are stable. These predictions are corroborated by observations and have ramifications for many environmental problems in fluviodeltaic settings.
On the confinement of lunar induced magnetic fields
Authors: Fatemi S. , Fuqua H. A. , Poppe A. R. , Delory G. T. , Halekas J. S. , Farrell W. M. , Holmström M. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWe examine the confinement of induced magnetic fields on the lunar dayside and nightside, when the Moon is in the solar wind. We use a three‐dimensional hybrid model of plasma and place a dipole magnetic field at the center of the Moon to mimic the induced magnetic field, which is the response of the lunar interior to the time‐varying interplanetary magnetic field. Consistent with previous observations and theoretical predictions, we show that the induced magnetic fields on the dayside are confined within the lunar surface through a dayside current sheet. In contrast to previous work, we show that the induced magnetic fields are not confined in the lunar wake, and they leak out, sometimes even appearing as lunar limb compressions. Finally, we identify favorable places to observe induced magnetic fields by electromagnetic sounding techniques, which will help to better constrain the lunar electrical conductivity profile, and interior structure.
Ionospheric vertical plasma drift and electron density response during total solar eclipses at equatorial/low latitude
Authors: Adekoya B. J. , Chukwuma V. U. , Reinisch B. W. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe response of the vertical plasma drift (Vz) and the electron density (NmF2) during different solar eclipses was investigated. The diurnal values of the direct scaled measurement ofF2peak height and the one derived fromM(3000)F2data, acquired over an equatorial/low‐latitude stations, have been used to determine the vertical plasma drift. The ionosphere during a solar eclipse is significantly affected by theE × Bvertical drift; the large depletion of electron density at low altitudes can be transported to high altitudes through the plasma vertical drift. The loss in ionization density during the eclipse phase decreases the electron density, which was accompanied by rapid increase inhmF2. This deviation in theNmF2during eclipse compared to control days can be related to the increase in the loss rate due to recombination, as a result of reduction in thermal energy. However, the maximum reduction inNmF2is not synchronous with the time of maximum totality but some minutes later. The differences in the solar epochs may contribute to the observed relative changes in the ionosphericF2region behavior during the eclipse window. Lastly, it is very difficult to separate the influence of magnetic disturbances from solar eclipse. The deviation inNmF2is higher during magnetic disturbed days than the quiet day. The reverse is the case forhmF2observation. However, theNmF2variation increases with an increase in solar activity.
Hinge‐migrated fold‐scarp model based on an analysis of bed geometry: A study from the Mingyaole anticline, southern foreland of Chinese Tian Shan
Authors: Li Tao , Chen Jie , Thompson Jessica A. , Burbank Douglas W. , Yang Huili 
Published: August 2015

AbstractFold scarps, a type of geomorphic scarp formed by folding mechanisms of hinge migration or limb rotation, serve to delineate both fault‐bend characteristics and folding histories, which can, in turn, illuminate tectonic processes and seismic hazards associated with thrust systems. Because the subsurface geometry of folds is commonly difficult to determine, existing fold‐scarp models, which rely on both the fold type and its causative fault geometries, remain uncertain with respect to the kinematic evolution of a given fold. In this paper, we develop a model to illustrate that, irrespective of specific fold type and subsurface geometries, fold‐scarp growth in the mechanism of hinge migration can be successfully reconstructed based on analyses of bed geometry. This model reveals that the underlying bed dips and the ratio of hinge migration distance/hinge width control the fold‐scarp shape and slope. During initial growth (ratio < 1), the scarp slope increases gradually with migration of the hinge. When the hinge totally exits from its original position (ratio > 1), the slope reaches a maximum, which solely depends on underlying bed dips. The scarp height, however, is independent of the hinge width and can be used to quantify folding magnitude. Application of our model to fold scarps in the Mingyaole anticline in the southern foreland of Chinese Tian Shan indicates that the modeled fold‐scarp geometry can roughly match with field observations. The Mingyaole shortening rate is estimated to be ≥5.0 mm/a since ~15 ka, such that this single fold has accommodated about half of the regional convergence during the Holocene.