bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐Managed knowledge teams simplify high‐tech manufacturing
Authors: Carroll Bob 
Published: August 2012

AbstractHistorically, hardware for applications in space has been designed and built in traditional command‐and‐control organizations. Modern budget restraints and advanced technology require a very different organizational design, however. This case study demonstrates that the best organizational design for such high‐tech production is a lean empowering organization that maximizes all workers' ability to contribute to the success of each mission.
The role of management in a self‐managing organization
Authors: Purser Ronald E. , Cabana Steven 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAs more companies implement self‐managing work teams to improve organizational performance, the question naturally arises: What part will management play in the new environment? In this excerpt from The Self‐Managing Organization, the authors detail the dynamic new responsibilities and challenges to be embraced by forward‐thinking managers at the strategic, growth, and operational levels.
Mandated performance measurement: A help or a hindrance?
Authors: Halachmi Arie 
Published: August 2012

AbstractInstead of promoting greater productivity, current efforts to increase the use of performance measurements in the public and private sectors increase the risk of undermining it. Reviewing some of the possible questions about the use and the wisdom of the 1993 Government Performance and Results Act, this article examines some of the concerns managers should have when performance results are mandated by outside organizations.
Team learning: Best practices and tools for an elusiue concept
Authors: Cross Rob , Rieley James B. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn an increasingly global, interconnected, and dynamic business environment, an organization's ability to learn and improve is critical to success. Although the appeal of such metaphors as organic structures and synergistic thought common in the learning organization literature is undeniable, these descriptions do little to help managers understand where organizations should focus their learning initiatives. As teams increasingly form and tackle important tasks on a project basis, they seem to be a logical starting point. Yet, few ideas have been presented on how to improve team learning from experience. This article identifies practices that facilitate and undermine learning in team settings and offers two potent interventions for team learning: the vision deployment matrix and the learning history.
Do you know who your best customers really are?
Authors: Desirey Stephen T. , Ozatalay Savas 
Published: August 2012

AbstractTraditionally, customers have been ranked according to the revenue they generate, with the largest customers typically considered the best. But organizations that try to meet the demands of such large customers may be misplacing their efforts, as traditional customer valuation measures do not necessarily maximize shareholder value. This article outlines an alternative approach to allow businesses to assess sales according to a metric other than mere revenue.
The organizational productivity process: Turning strategy into reality
Authors: Petrone Joe 
Published: August 2012

AbstractOne of the major challenges for any organization, whether in the manufacturing, technology, or service sector, is aligning what leaders say to do with what employees actually do in front of their customers. Avoiding temporary and inconsistent results requires identifying the systematic links between strategy and the rewarding and reinforcement of employee performance. Through the Organizational Productivity Process, organizations can determine the two to three nonfinancial drivers that most greatly affect productivity and the attainment of financial goals. By accurately measuring these drivers, they can ensure that operational strategy is properly executed by employees at all levels of the organization.
Is your organization addicted to change?
Authors: Rieley James B. , Rieley Mary Lee 
Published: August 2012

AbstractResearch has shown that the average life of an organization is less than one‐half that of a human being. In a time when organizational sustainability is finally being recognized as a key performance indicator, it is relevant to ask the question, “Why aren't our organizations more sustainable?” One answer can be found in the perceived level of constant organizational change initiatives.
Pairing quality assurance and quality control at Frymaster Corporation
Authors: Lin Binshan , Hidalgo Kelly C. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIntegral to all organizations, quality assurance requires much more than lip service to the notion of product quality. Frymaster Corporation has found that a sterling reputation as a quality parts supplier and manufacturer must be grounded in a partnership of quality control and quality assurance. To ensure complete success, such a joint effort must take place in an environment of continuous improvement, teamwork, systems‐level thinking, and alignment between company goals and strategies.
Expecting the unexpected with disaster recovery planning
Authors: Lucilio Jonathan , Davis Tim R.V. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractDisasters and accidents can devastate the operations of any business, but most managers are poorly prepared to deal with them. This article, which describes the impact of a flood on the vault operations of a midwest bank, illustrates the value of disaster recovery planning (DRP) in responding rationally and decisively to unforeseen, hazardous events. Application of the methods and procedures of DRP can avert crisis, panic, and major losses that often result when disaster strikes.
Organizational evolution: The American life cycle
Authors: Fletcher Douglas S. , Taplin Ian M. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractOrganizations in transition from one evolutionary phase to another exhibit symptoms that suggest change is necessary for continuing growth. Managers must recognize these signs and interpret them correctly to smoothly move from one phase to the next. They must also understand the changing culture within which they operate and how dynamic external forces shape the organization. Within this context, it is especially important for managers to recognize the emerging impact of information technology on organizational structures, external relationships, and how work gets done. This article, which explores the external forces that shape an organization, shows that the typical evolution of an organization parallels the evolution of a culture.
Taking sales success to new heights with six sigma
Authors: Niemes Jim 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn recent years, Six Sigma has emerged as a powerful method to drive continuous process and quality improvement in companies. Pioneered by such companies as Motorola, General Electric, and AlliedSignal as a way to improve the quality of manufacturing processes, it is being used increasingly today as an element of broad‐based organizational redesign and as a way to improve a wide variety of nonmanufacturing business processes. This article outlines how you can apply Six Sigma principles to the reengineering of sales and marketing operations. The payoff is an improvement in the ability to meet customer requirements on a consistent basis.
Dynamic rheology and morphology of HDPE‐fumed silica composites: Effect of interface modification
Authors: Nandi Sangita , Bose Sanjukta , Mitra Susanta , Ghosh Anup K. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn the present study, high density polyethylene (HDPE)‐based composites containing different amounts of fumed silica (FS) were prepared by melt compounding in a corotating twin screw extruder. Polyethylene‐g‐maleic anhydride copolymer (PE‐g‐MA) containing 1 wt% maleic anhydride was used for interface modification between filler and polymer. The interaction between the surface hydroxyl groups of fumed silica nanoparticles with maleic anhydride groups of PE‐g‐MA led to a finer dispersion of the filler in the HDPE matrix. The terminal complex viscosity and terminal storage modulus were highest at 1 wt% filler loading due to widely spread network formation by FS nanoparticles. This filler network plausibly got disturbed at higher filler content and/or interface modification which was reflected in their stress relaxation behavior also. The dynamic rheological behavior of the composites was explained in terms of morphological observations. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Infrared linear dichroism as a tool to evaluate volatile guest partition between amorphous and nanoporous‐crystalline polymer phases
Authors: Albunia Alexandra R. , Venditto Vincenzo , Guerra Gaetano 
Published: August 2012

AbstractDesorption kinetics of ethene, propene, and butadiene from films exhibiting axially oriented nanoporous‐crystalline δ phases of syndiotactic polystyrene (s‐PS) have been followed by gravimetric and infrared linear dichroism measurements. The reported data can be rationalized by assuming that, after the initial desorption mainly involving molecules absorbed in the amorphous phase, most gaseous molecules are included as guest in the nanoporous‐crystalline phase. This allows establishing a simple method to evaluate guest partition between nanoporous‐crystalline and amorphous polymeric phases, which possibly can be applied for most volatile guest molecules. The described method also allows establishing the presence of one guest molecule (ethene, propene, or butadiene) per cavity of the nanoporous δ form. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2012
Asymmetric leakage in (Ba, Sr)TiO3 nanoparticle/parylene‐C composite capacitors
Authors: Yang Shyuan , Tull Brian R. , Pervez Nadia K. , Huang Limin , Leland Eli S. , Steigart Daniel A. , O'Brien Stephen , Kymissis Ioannis 
Published: August 2012

AbstractNanoparticle polymer composite capacitors have been examined for some time as a route to high performance, printable capacitors. One approach to creating these composites is to use a particle film together with vapor deposited polymers, which can yield high performance, but also forms a structurally asymmetric device. The performance of a nanoparticle (Ba, Sr)TiO3 (BST)/parylene‐C composite capacitor is compared to that of a nanoparticle BST capacitor without the polymer layer under both directions of bias. The composite device shows a five orders of magnitude improvement in the leakage current under positive bias of the bottom electrode relative to the pure‐particle device, and four orders of magnitude improvement when the top electrode is positively biased. The voltage tolerance of the device is also improved and asymmetric (44 V vs. 28 V in bottom and top positive bias, respectively). This study demonstrates the advantage of this class of composite device construction, but also shows that proper application of the device bias in this type of asymmetrical system can yield an additional benefit. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2013
Barriers to oral cancer screening: a focus group study of rural Black American adults
Authors: Howell Jennifer L. , Shepperd James A. , Logan Henrietta 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectiveMortality from mouth and throat cancer (MTC) is higher among Black Americans than White Americans partially because of late stage detection through screening. The disparity in mortality is particularly problematic among Black Americans living in rural areas who have limited access to preventative resources. Our study explored barriers to screening for MTC among Black Americans.MethodsWe conducted nine focus groups among rural Black Americans age 40 years and older (N = 80).ResultsContent coding of the transcripts of the focus groups revealed three primary barriers to screening. Lack of knowledge (e.g., not knowing about MTC and not knowing MTC symptoms) accounted for 31.8% of all barriers mentioned, lack of resources (e.g., lack of money and health insurance) accounted for 25.0% of all barriers mentioned, and fear (e.g., fear of screening and diagnosis) accounted for 22.9% of all barriers mentioned.ConclusionsWe placed these barriers within the Theory of Planned Behavior and conclude that interventions aimed at increasing MTC screening among rural Black Americans should first focus on changing people's attitudes about screening by increasing knowledge about MTC and reducing fear. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Plasma proteomics can discriminate isolated early from dual responses in asthmatic individuals undergoing an allergen inhalation challenge
Authors: Singh Amrit , Cohen Freue Gabriela V. , Oosthuizen Jean L. , Kam Sarah H. Y. , Ruan Jian , Takhar Mandeep K. , Gauvreau Gail M. , O'Byrne Paul M. , FitzGerald J. Mark , Boulet Louis‐Philippe , Borchers Christoph H. , Tebbutt Scott J. 
Published: August 2012

PurposeThis proteomics study was designed to determine the utility of iTRAQ MALDI‐TOF/TOF technology to compare plasma samples from carefully phenotyped mild, atopic asthma subjects undergoing allergen inhalation challenge.Experimental designEight adult subjects with mild, allergic asthma (four early responders (ERs) and four dual responders (DRs)) participated in the allergen inhalation challenge. Blood samples were collected prior to and 2 h after the inhalation challenge. Sixteen plasma samples (two per subject), technical replicates, and pooled controls were analyzed using iTRAQ. Technical validation was performed using LC‐MRM/MS. Moderated robust regression was used to determine differentially expressed proteins.ResultsAlthough this study did not show significant differences between pre‐ and post‐challenge samples, discriminant analysis indicated that certain proteins responded differentially to allergen challenge with respect to responder type. At pre‐challenge, fibronectin was significantly elevated in DRs compared to ERs and remained significant in the multiple reaction monitoring validation.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThis proof of principle demonstration has shown that iTRAQ can uncover differences in the human plasma proteome between two endotypes of asthma and merits further application of iTRAQ to larger cohorts of asthma and other respiratory diseases.
Proteomic approach to human kidney glomerulus prepared by laser microdissection from frozen biopsy specimens: Exploration of proteome after removal of blood‐derived proteins
Authors: Yoshida Yutaka , Nameta Masaaki , Kuwano Masayoshi , Zhang Ying , Bo Xu , Magdeldin Sameh , Cui Zenyui , Fujinaka Hidehiko , Yaoita Eishin , Tomonaga Takeshi , Yamamoto Tadashi 
Published: August 2012

PurposeAbundance of blood‐derived proteins in glomeruli prepared by laser microdissection from human kidney biopsy specimens has hampered in‐depth proteomic analysis of glomeruli. We attempted to establish experimental platform for in‐depth proteomic analysis of glomeruli by removal of blood‐derived proteins from frozen biopsy samples.Experimental designFrozen sections of biopsy samples were exposed to repeated PBS washes prior to laser microdissection to remove blood‐derived proteins, and glomerular dissectants were analyzed by MS. The depth of proteomic analysis was evaluated by dynamic range of identified proteins and detection of low‐abundance proteins.ResultsTwo times PBS washes of frozen sections effectively eliminated blood‐derived proteins in laser‐microdissected glomeruli and gave an increased number of identified proteins. Analysis of glomeruli from single specimens by a linear ion trap‐Orbitrap mass analyzer generated nonredundant, high‐confidence datasets of more than 400 identified proteins with high reproducibility, which attained to a considerable depth of the glomerulus proteome as revealed by a wide dynamic range and identification of low‐abundance proteins.Conclusions and clinical relevanceImplementation of washing of frozen section with PBS successfully removed blood‐derived proteins and resulted in an in‐depth proteomic analysis of laser‐microdissected glomeruli, suggesting applicability to clinical study.
Diaminofuroxan: Synthetic Approaches and Computer‐Aided Study of Thermodynamic Stability
Authors: Makhova Nina N. , Ovchinnikov Igor V. , Kulikov Alexandr S. , Khakimov Dmitriy V. , Molchanova Marina S. , Pivina Tatyana S. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractDifferent approaches to synthesize diaminofuroxan are presented herein. Mathematical and quantum chemical methods were used to study the possible reasons for failures in the syntheses of diaminofuroxan. Additionally, structural isomers of this compound were generated. With the help of the results of quantum chemical calculations at levels of DFT B3LYP 6‐31G(d) and MP2 6‐31G(d), screening of the most stable isomeric forms in the gaseous phase and in water was performed. It was shown that diaminofuroxan is not the thermodynamically most stable isomer among its structural analogues.
Continuing our process safety management journey
Authors: Vaughen Bruce K. , Kletz Trevor A. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract“…in the eyes of the public the industry is one.”Trevor Kletz (b. 1922)Process safety risk reduction efforts are a part of our journey to make our chemical industry safer for people and the environment. This article focuses on our process safety risk reduction efforts, providing (1) a brief historical discussion, (2) a framework for today's current practices, and (3) a proposal for some future efforts. Process safety practices have evolved over the years and continue to evolve today as we share our new practices and theories. In addition, today's digital age continues to enhance our ability to share information across the globe, and it has accelerated the changing nature of the public's view of the chemical industry—the public's concept of acceptable societal risk. Our right to operate chemical facilities is based on several factors, including our effect on neighboring communities, the public's changing perception, and the governmental regulations created in response to major fires, explosions, and toxic releases. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2012
Identifying hazards in the chemical research laboratory
Authors: Leggett David J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA review of 27 Chemical Hygiene plans and safety manuals used in university chemistry labs, and posted on the Internet, suggests that the use of hazard identification and risk analysis procedures in academia is an infrequent practice. This, unfortunately, is the genesis of accidents. However, a goal of zero incidents and accidents in the laboratory is desired, and it can be achieved with systematic hazard identification and risk analyses procedures.This article describes a three part process to assess the risks of any work that involves chemical reactions in the research laboratory. The first step identifies the hazard potentials of a chemical synthesis study. This hazards' review helps researchers to fully appreciate the nature and extent of the potential hazards of the planned synthesis study. The second step involves conducting a formal risk analysis, and the third step develops and implements risk minimization measures. This described process is used to lower accident rates by helping researchers understand the hazards and to implement hazard minimization controls and conditions before starting chemical synthesis studies. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2012
Essential oils and their compositions as spatial repellents for pestiferous social wasps
Authors: Zhang Qing‐He , Schneidmiller Rodney G , Hoover Doreen R 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe study objectives were: (1) to field test potential repellency of common essential oils against several pestiferous social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), using attractant‐baited traps; (2) to identify vespid antennally active compounds from the repellent essential oils; (3) to determine potential repellency of these electroantennographic detection (EAD) active compounds in the field.ResultsOf the 21 essential oils tested, 17 showed significant repellency on yellowjackets [mainly Vespula pensylvanica (Saussure)] and paper wasps [mainly Polistes dominulus (Christ)]: clove, pennyroyal, lemongrass, ylang ylang, spearmint, wintergreen, sage, rosemary, lavender, geranium, patchouli, citronella, Roman chamomile, thyme, fennel seed, anise and peppermint. Two essential oil mixtures – 3EO‐mix (clove, geranium and lemongrass) and 4EO‐mix (clove, geranium, lemongrass and rosemary) – totally blocked the attraction of vespid workers. Twenty‐nine vespid antennally active compounds were identified from solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) samples of 11 strongly repellent essential oils by GC‐EAD/MS techniques. Among the synthetic EAD‐active compounds field tested, eugenol, P/I‐menthone, pulegone, α/β‐thujone, l‐carvone, E/Z‐citral, citronellal, methyl benzoate, benzyl acetate, methyl salicylate and 3‐octanol showed a significant repellency on vespid workers. These compounds are likely responsible for the repellency of their corresponding essential oils.ConclusionThese repellent essential oils and their active compositions have great potential for efficient, environmentally sound semiochemical‐based IPM of pestiferous vespid wasps. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Managing outbreaks of the citrus long‐horned beetle Anoplophora chinensis (Forster) in Europe: molecular diagnosis of plant infestation
Authors: Strangi Agostino , Sabbatini Peverieri Giuseppino , Roversi Pio Federico 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundAnoplophora chinensis (Forster) (Coleoptera Cerambycidae) is a polyphagous long‐horned beetle native to Eastern Asia that infests a wide range of broadleaved plants, causing disruption of vascular tissue, structural weakness and tree death. As a result, A. chinensis is a quarantine pest for the European Union. In order to confirm its infestations on plants, it is necessary to obtain adult or larval specimens on which morphological or molecular analysis can be performed. However, obtaining such specimens from infested plants can be a demanding and difficult task. Therefore, a diagnostic tool that is non‐invasive for the plant and able to be performed in the absence of any insect stages may be useful to confirm infestations of A. chinensis on plants.ResultsA protocol is presented that is based on polymerase chain reaction amplification using DNA extracted from A. chinensis faecal material collected in the field.ConclusionResults obtained in the present work show that the non‐invasive approach is a reliable and accurate alternative diagnostic tool in phytosanitary surveys.© 2012 Society of Chemical Industry