bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influenza A Virus with a Human-Like N2 Gene Is Circulating in Pigs
Authors: Breum Solvej Østergaard , Hjulsager Charlotte Kristiane , Trebbien Ramona , Larsen Lars Erik 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT
A novel reassortant influenza A virus, H1avN2hu, has been found in Danish swine. The virus contains an H1 gene similar to the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of H1N1 avian-like swine viruses and an N2 gene most closely related to the neuraminidase (NA) gene of human H3N2 viruses from the mid-1990s.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Equol-Producing Bacterium Adlercreutzia equolifaciens DSM 19450
T
Authors: Toh Hidehiro , Oshima Kenshiro , Suzuki Takehito , Hattori Masahira , Morita Hidetoshi 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

Adlercreutzia equolifaciens
DSM 19450
T
was isolated from human feces and is able to metabolize daidzeins (soybean isoflavonoids) to equol. Here, we report the finished and annotated genome sequence of this organism.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Sphingobium
sp. Strain HDIPO4, an Avid Degrader of Hexachlorocyclohexane
Authors: Mukherjee Udita , Kumar Roshan , Mahato Nitish Kumar , Khurana J. P. , Lal Rup 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

Sphingobium
sp. strain HDIPO4 was isolated from a hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) dumpsite and degraded HCH isomers rapidly. The draft genome sequence of HDIPO4 (~4.7 Mbp) contains 143 contigs and 4,646 coding sequences with a G+C content of 65%.
Poor glycaemic control in Brazilian patients with type 2 diabetes attending the public healthcare system: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Viana Luciana V , Leitão Cristiane B , Kramer Caroline K , Zucatti Alessandra T N , Jezini Deborah L , Felício João , Valverde Ana B , Chacra Antonio R , Azevedo Mirela J , Gross Jorge L 
Published: September 2013

ObjectivesTo describe the clinical profile of Brazilian patients with type 2 diabetes attending the public healthcare system and identify factors associated with poor glycaemic control.DesignCross-sectional study.Setting14 centres in five regions of Brazil, including primary care units and outpatient clinics of University Hospitals.ParticipantsPatients with type 2 diabetes attending outpatient clinics of public healthcare system.Main outcome measuredGlycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), centrally measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program certified).ResultsA total of 5750 patients aged 61±10 years, with 11±8 years of diabetes duration (66% women, 56% non-white, body mass index: 28.0±5.3 kg/m2) were analysed. Mean HbA1c was 8.6±2.2%, and median HbA1c was 8.1% (6.9% to 9.9%). HbA1c <7% was observed in only 26% of patients. Mean HbA1c was higher (p < 0.01) in the North (9.0±2.6%) and Northeast (8.9±2.4%) than in the Midwest (8.1±2%), Southeast (8.4±2.1%) and South regions (8.3±1.9%). Using the cut-off value of HbA1c above the median, age (0.986 (0.983 to 0.989)), white ethnicity (0.931 (0.883 to 0.981)) and being from Midwest region (0.858 (0.745 to 0.989)) were protective factors, while diabetes duration (1.015 (1.012 to 1.018)), use of insulin (1.710 (1.624 to 1.802)) and living in the Northeast region (1.197 (1.085 to 1.321)) were associated with HbA1c >8%.ConclusionsThe majority of Brazilian patients with type 2 diabetes attending the public healthcare system had HbA1c levels above recommended targets. The recognition of Northeast residents and non-white patients as vulnerable populations should guide future policies and actions to prevent and control diabetes.
Characterising the complexity of medication safety using a human factors approach: an observational study in two intensive care units
Authors: Carayon Pascale , Wetterneck Tosha B , Cartmill Randi , Blosky Mary Ann , Brown Roger , Kim Robert , Kukreja Sandeep , Johnson Mark , Paris Bonnie , Wood Kenneth E , Walker James 
Published: September 2013

ObjectiveTo examine medication safety in two intensive care units (ICU), and to assess the complexity of medication errors and adverse drug events (ADE) in ICUs across the stages of the medication-management process.MethodsFour trained nurse data collectors gathered data on medication errors and ADEs between October 2006 and March 2007. Patient care documents (eg, medication order sheets, notes) and incident reports were used to identify medication errors and ADEs in a 24-bed adult medical/surgical ICU and an 18-bed cardiac ICU in a tertiary care, community teaching hospital. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 630 consecutive ICU patient admissions were assessed to produce data on the number, rates and types of potential and preventable ADEs across stages of the medication-management process.ResultsAn average of 2.9 preventable or potential ADEs occurred in each admission, that is, 0.4 events per patient-day. Preventable or potential ADEs occurred in 2.6% of the medication orders. The rate of potential ADEs per 1000 patient-days was 276, whereas the rate of preventable ADEs per 1000 patient-days was 9.2. Most medication errors occur at the ordering (32%) and administration stages (39%). In 16–24% of potential and preventable ADEs, clusters of errors occurred either as a sequence of errors (eg, delay in medication dispensing leading to delay in medication administration) or grouped errors (eg, route and frequency errors in the order for a medication). Many of the sequences led to administration errors that were caused by errors earlier in the medication-management process.ConclusionsUnderstanding the complexity of the vulnerabilities of the medication-management process is important to devise solutions to improve patient safety. Electronic health record technology with computerised physician order entry may be one step necessary to improve medication safety in ICUs. Solutions that target multiple stages of the medication-management process are necessary to address sequential errors.
Improving patient waiting times: a simulation study of an obesity care service
Authors: Tako Antuela A , Kotiadis Kathy , Vasilakis Christos , Miras Alexander , le Roux Carel W 
Published: September 2013

BackgroundObesity care services are often faced with the need to adapt their resources to rising levels of demand. The main focus of this study was to help prioritise planned investments in new capacity allowing the service to improve patient experience and meet future anticipated demand.MethodsWe developed computer models of patient flows in an obesity service in an Academic Health Science Centre that provides lifestyle, pharmacotherapy and surgery treatment options for the UK's National Health Service. Using these models we experiment with different scenarios to investigate the likely impact of alternative resource configurations on patient waiting times.ResultsSimulation results show that the timing and combination of adding extra resources (eg, surgeons and physicians) to the service are important. For example, increasing the capacity of the pharmacotherapy clinics equivalent to adding one physician reduced the relevant waiting list size and waiting times, but it then led to increased waiting times for surgical patients. Better service levels were achieved when the service operates with the resource capacity of two physicians and three surgeons. The results obtained from this study had an impact on the planning and organisation of the obesity service.ConclusionsResource configuration combined with demand management (reduction in referral rates) along the care service can help improve patient waiting time targets for obesity services, such as the 18 week target of UK's National Health Service. The use of simulation models can help stakeholders understand the interconnectedness of the multiple microsystems (eg, clinics) comprising a complex clinical service for the same patient population, therefore, making stakeholders aware of the likely impact of resourcing decisions on the different microsystems.
Characteristics of men who have sex with men (MSM) who attend sex parties: results from a national online sample in the USA
Authors: Grov Christian , Rendina H Jonathon , Breslow Aaron S , Ventuneac Ana , Adelson Stephan , Parsons Jeffrey T 
Published: September 2013

ObjectiveTo compare three groups of men who have sex with men (MSM)—men who had attended a sex party in the past year (45.2%); men who had been to a sex party more than a year ago (23.3%); and men who had never been to one (31.5%)—on socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics.MethodIn spring 2012, 2063 sexually active MSM in the USA were recruited using banner advertising on a sexual networking website to complete an online survey about their sexual behaviour and attendance at sex parties.ResultsA significantly higher proportion of past year attendees were HIV-positive (28.1%), single (31.7%), demonstrated sexual compulsivity symptomology (39.2%), recently used drugs (67.8%), averaged the greatest number of recent male partners (Mdn=15, <90 days), and had greater instances of recent unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) with male partners (median=3, <90 days). Adjusting for covariates, those having been to a sex party in the last year were significantly more likely than others to report UAI. Free lubricant (93.4%) and condoms (81.0%) were the most desirable services/products men wanted at sex parties. More than half of men having been to a sex party expressed interest in free rapid HIV testing at sex parties (52.8%); however, few considered it acceptable to see ‘medical providers’ (11.7%) and ‘peer outreach workers’ (9.5%) at sex parties.ConclusionsMSM who have attended a sex party in the last year are appropriate candidates for targeted HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention. Collaborating with event promoters presents valuable opportunities to provide condoms, lubricant and HIV/STI testing.
Palaeogeographic and palaeoclimate factors of salinity fluctuations in the eastern part of the Late Permian (Zechstein) European Basin: case study from the salt basin in Poland
Authors: Czapowski Grzegorz , Tomassi-Morawiec Hanna 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
A study of the bromine content and facies in the salt successions (representing PZ1, PZ2 and PZ3 cycles) from the Late Permian (Zechstein) salt basin in Poland evidences fluctuations in mother brine concentrations. The study indicates that the local (better recorded in facies of the shallow basin and its margins) and regional changes were the result of Late Permian climate variations and eustatic sea-level rises and drops.
The observed trend for a lowering of brine concentration is attributed to more humid climate periods accompanied by frequent rainy seasons. Such a change from arid to more humid climatic conditions was observed in all three studied cycles, proving the variations of a dominant warm and dry climate, assumed for the inner part of the Pangea supercontinent in the Late Permian. The coastal zone of the Pangea supercontinent was more affected by the atmospheric perturbations, which were more frequent at the boundary between the continent and the ocean. The intracontinent areas were characterized with a more stable climate, thus interpreted by the authors, that the climate changes in the successions coming from the inner part of such intracontinental basin, far from the continent coasts (as the Polish part of the European Permian Basin) as the evidence for climate instability in the whole Zechstein period. The authors recorded the climate fluctuations in an area, which should be characterized with the most constant climate, particularly during the evaporite deposition. The prolonged more rainy periods that succeeded the warm and arid periods were recorded in the central part of the continent.
Eustatic sea-level fluctuations, responsible for large changes in brine concentrations, became independent from the climatic variations. Sea-level rises initiated huge marine water input and caused extreme refreshing of the bottom salt brine in deep-water basin parts. Two such events were registered in salts of the PZ1 cycle, and a further three in the evaporite succession of the PZ3 cycle. A single rapid drop in sea-level, resulting from a postulated tectonic close of the narrow North Atlantic seaway that conducted ocean water to the evaporite basin, was detected in the lower part of the PZ2 salt succession. This caused the evaporite basin cutoff, its successive desiccation and, consequently, the production of potash-bearing salts.
Upper Carboniferous–Lower Permian
Palaeoaplysina
build-ups on Svalbard: the influence of climate, salinity and sea-level
Authors: Hanken Nils-Martin , Nielsen Jesper Kresten 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Upper Carboniferous–Lower Permian
Palaeoaplysina
build-ups on Svalbard developed on a partly restricted marine warm-water carbonate platform at low palaeo-latitudes. The
Palaeoaplysina
build-ups mostly have a flat-topped tabular geometry, representing the mature stage of build-up growth. With decreasing accommodation space, continued vertical growth was hampered and lateral growth became dominant. The tabular growth form of the build-ups is probably a result of lateral amalgamation of several minor mounds. In central Spitsbergen many of the tabular build-ups form parts of continuous ridges or ring-shaped to polygonal build-up complexes encircling a lagoon. Lateral interfingering between bedded fusulinid dolostones along the build-up margins and barren dolostones further out in the lagoon may indicate increasing salinity from the lagoon margin to the central part. These lateral facies changes are often associated with evaporites (gypsum) and low biodiversity, especially abundant euryhaline fusulinids or even barren beds. On the sea side of the
Palaeoaplysina
build-ups, the frequent renewal of normal saline seawater allowed the highest biodiversity (e.g. stenohaline crinoids). The uppermost part of some build-ups contain
Microcodium
, indicating intermittent subaerial exposure and vegetation cover during lowstand, probably caused by eustatic sea-level changes and/or local tectonics. The biota of the build-ups and their lateral sediments is typical for a shallow marine chloroforam association, indicating a tropical climate during deposition.
Carboniferous coarsening-upward and non-gradational cyclothems in the Lublin Basin (SE Poland): palaeoclimatic implications
Authors: Waksmundzka Maria I. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The paper presents the characteristics of profiles consisting of coarsening-upward and non-gradational cyclothems that correspond to parasequences in the Visean, Serpukhovian and Bashkirian sections of the Lublin Basin in SE Poland. The accompanying single fining-upward cyclothems are also described. Six types of cyclothems are distinguished. The most complete types of coarsening-upward cyclothems Ic, Id and incomplete IIc and IId have been identified. The least complete are non-gradational cyclothems IIIc and IIId. The cyclothems developed within the oscillating environments of shallow carbonate and clay shelf, and in shallow-water deltas. The lowstand systems tract (LST) deposits are composed of fining-upward cyclothems, rarely of coarsening-upward IId and non-gradational IIId. Within the transgressive systems tract (TST), type IIc is dominant, and the quantity of Ic and non-gradational cyclothem IIIc is moderate. The maximum flooding surface (MFS) usually occurs within coarsening-upward cyclothems IIc. The highstand systems tract (HST) consists of similar types of cyclothems as the TST, but their quantity is less. Relative sea-level fluctuations during the Carboniferous deposition in the Lublin Basin are associated with sea-level changes generated by glacial episodes in Gondwana. The relative sea-level fluctations also affected both erosional processes related to the successive relative sea-level lowstands and the formation of stratigraphic gaps. The influence of glacio-eustatic fluctuations was modified by local factors such as the supply of sedimentary material, subsidence rate and local tectonics.
End-Therapy Positron Emission Tomography for Treatment Response Assessment in Follicular Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Pyo Junhee , Won Kim Kyung , Jacene Heather A. , Sakellis Christopher G. , Brown Jennifer R. , Van den Abbeele Annick D. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Purpose: Use of 2[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in postchemotherapy response assessment in follicular lymphoma is still a controversial issue. Here, we conducted the first systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the predictive value of FDG-PET in predicting outcome after chemotherapy of follicular lymphoma.
Experimental Design: Comprehensive literature search in Ovid-MEDLINE and EMBASE databases was performed to identify studies which evaluate predictive value of end-therapy PET and/or computed tomography (CT) in patients with follicular lymphoma. To quantitatively compare the predictive value of PET and CT, pooled hazard ratios (HRs) comparing progression-free survival (PFS) between patients with positive and negative results were adopted as the primary indicators for meta-analysis. To explore the efficiency in determining complete remission (CR), pooled CR rates of PET- and CT-based response criteria were calculated. Pooling of these parameters was based on the random-effects model.
Results: Review of 285 candidate articles identified eight eligible articles with a total of 577 patients for qualitative review and meta-analysis. The pooled HRs of end-therapy PET and CT were 5.1 [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.7–7.2] and 2.6 (95% CI, 1.2–5.8), respectively, which implies that PET is more predictive of PFS after chemotherapy than CT. The pooled CR rates of PET- and CT-based response criteria were 75% (95% CI, 70–79%) and 63% (95% CI, 53–73%), respectively, which implies that PET is more efficient in distinguishing CR (without residual disease) from other states with residual disease. In addition, qualitative systematic review indicates the same findings.
Conclusions: Consistent evidence favoring PET-based treatment assessment should be considered in the management of patients with follicular lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res; 19(23); 6566–77. ©2013 AACR.
Transbaffle Mapping and Ablation for Atrial Tachycardias After Mustard, Senning, or Fontan Operations
Authors: Correa Rafael , Walsh Edward P. , Alexander Mark E. , Mah Douglas Y. , Cecchin Frank , Abrams Dominic J. , Triedman John K. 
Published: September 2013

Background

In Fontan and atrial switch patients, transcatheter ablation is limited by difficult access to the pulmonary venous atrium. In recent years, transbaffle access (
TBA
) has been described, but limited data document its safety and utility.

Methods and Results

All ablative electrophysiological study cases of this population performed between
J
anuary 2006 and
D
ecember 2010 at
B
oston
C
hildren's
H
ospital were reviewed. Pre‐case and follow‐up clinical characteristics were documented. Adverse events were classified by severity and attributability to the intervention. We included 118 cases performed in 90 patients.
TBA
was attempted in 74 cases and was successful in 96%: in 20 via baffle leak or fenestration and in 51 (94%) of 54 using standard or radiofrequency transseptal techniques. There were 10 procedures with adverse events ranked as moderate or more severe. The event rate was similar in both groups (
TBA
8% versus non‐
TBA
9%,
P
=1), and no events were directly attributable to
TBA
. There was a trend to higher proportion of cases having a >5‐point drop in saturations from baseline in the
TBA
group versus the non‐
TBA
group in Fontan cases (15% vs 0%,
P
=0.14). When cases with follow‐up >90 and >365 days were analyzed, the median initial arrhythmia score of 5 significantly changed −3 points in both time periods (
P
≤0.001).

Conclusions

TBA
is feasible in this population; its use was not associated with a higher incidence of adverse events; and changes in clinical scores support its efficacy. Desaturation observed in some patients is of uncertain significance but warrants postablation monitoring and prospective study.
Bigger, Faster?
Authors: Bray Benjamin D. , Campbell James , Cloud Geoffrey C. , Hoffman Alex , Tyrrell Pippa J. , Wolfe Charles D.A. , Rudd Anthony G. 
Published: September 2013

Background and Purpose—
There is evidence that high-volume hospitals may produce better patient outcomes. We aimed to identify whether there were any associations between hospital thrombolysis volume and speed of thrombolysis (tissue-type plasminogen activator [tPA]) administration in patients with ischemic stroke.

Methods—
Data were drawn from 2 national clinical audits in England: the Stroke Improvement National Audit Program and the 2012 Sentinel Stroke Audit. Hospitals were categorized into 3 groups based on the annualized volume of thrombolysis: 0 to 24, 25 to 49, and ≥50 cases per annum. Arrival-brain scan, onset-tPA, and arrival-tPA times were compared across groups and stratified by onset-arrival time. Multilevel logistic models were used to estimate the odds of receiving tPA within 60 minutes of arrival.

Results—

Of the 42 024 patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to 80 hospitals, 4347 received tPA (10.3%). Patients admitted to hospitals with an annual thrombolysis volume of ≥50 cases per annum had median arrival-tPA times that were 28 and 22 minutes shorter than patients admitted to hospitals with volumes of 0 to 24 and 25 to 49, respectively. Onset-tPA times were shorter by 24 to 32 minutes across strata of onset-arrival times. In multivariable analysis, patients admitted to hospitals with a volume of ≥50 cases per annum had 4.33 (2.21–8.50;
P
<0.0001) the odds of receiving tPA within 60 minutes of arrival. No differences in safety outcomes were observed, with similar 30-day mortality and complication rates across the groups.

Conclusions—
Hospitals with higher volumes of thrombolysis activity achieve statistically and clinically significant shorter delays in administering tPA to patients after arrival in hospital.
Is there a Temporal Relationship between the Delineation and the Delimitation of the Continental Shelf beyond 200 Nautical Miles?
Authors: Magnússon Bjarni Már 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
This article is a late response to Bjørn Kunoy’s article “The Admissibility of a Plea to an International Adjudicative Forum to Delimit the Outer Continental Shelf Prior to the Adoption of Final Recommendations by the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf”, published in this journal in 2010 (25 IJMCL 237). It argues against Kunoy’s assertion that delineation and delimitation are not only two separate steps, but also temporally differentiated, and that the delineation of the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles must come first before it is delimited with respect to adjacent and coastal before an international court or tribunal.
What’s in a Name? The Illegality of Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing
Authors: Theilen Jens T. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
“Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing” or “IUU fishing” has become a common term in legal discourse, yet its exact meaning remains unclear. Taking the explanation offered in the International Plan of Action to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing as a starting point, this paper elucidates on the term’s meaning and draws conclusions as to its utility in international law.