bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Rational Engineered Bacteria Based Biohybrid Living System for Tumor Therapy
Authors: Wang Chen , Feng Qiliner , Shi Si , Qin Yuxuan , Lu Hongli , Zhang Peng , Liu Jie , Chen Baizhu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLiving therapy based on bacterial cells has gained increasing attention for their applications in tumor treatments. Bacterial cells can naturally target to tumor sites and active the innate immunological responses. The intrinsic advantages of bacteria attribute to the development of biohybrid living carriers for targeting delivery toward hypoxic environments. The rationally engineered bacterial cells integrate various functions to enhance the tumor therapy and reduce toxic side effects. In this review, the antitumor effects of bacteria and their application are discussed as living therapeutic agents across multiple antitumor platforms. The various kinds of bacteria used for cancer therapy are first introduced and demonstrated the mechanism of antitumor effects as well as the immunological effects. Additionally, this study focused on the genetically modified bacteria for the production of antitumor agents as living delivery system to treat cancer. The combination of living bacterial cells with functional nanomaterials is then discussed in the cancer treatments. In brief, the rational design of living therapy based on bacterial cells highlighted a rapid development in tumor therapy and pointed out the potentials in clinical applications.
3D Printed Supercapacitors Based on Laser‐derived Hierarchical Nanocomposites of Bimetallic Co/Zn Metal‐Organic Framework and Graphene Oxide
Authors: Mokhtarnejad Mahshid , Mokhtarinori Narges , Ribeiro Erick L. , Kamali Saeed , Dai Sheng , Mukherjee Dibyunde , Khomami Bamin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSupercapacitors (SCs) have the unique ability to rapidly recharge while providing substantial power output. Metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are emerging as promising electrode materials for SCs due to their high porosity, ease of synthesis, tunable pore size distribution, and exceptional structural adaptability. This study presents a facile and cost‐effective method, namely, laser ablation synthesis in solution (LASiS), for the synthesis of bimetallic MOFs composited with reduced graphene oxide (rGO), namely, ZnCo bi‐MOF‐rGO hybrid nanocomposite (HNC). Comprehensive analyses demonstrate that ZnCo bi‐MOF‐rGO has a high specific capacitance of 1092 F g−1 at 1.0 A g−1 in a 0.5 M Na3SO4 electrolyte. In addition, these bi‐MOF‐rGO composites have been successfully integrated with appropriate solvents, viscosity modifiers, in‐house synthesized porous carbon (PC), commercially available graphene, and binders into an active layer ink material for the development of high‐performance 3D printed SCs via sequential inkjet printing. To that end, the way has been paved for the incorporation of this class of material into energy storage applications, particularly in the fabrication of high‐performance printed electronics using laser‐induced materials.
Photoactivatable mRNA 5′ Cap Analogs for RNA‐Protein Crosslinking
Authors: Warminski Marcin , Grab Katarzyna , Szczepanski Kacper , Spiewla Tomasz , Zuberek Joanna , Kowalska Joanna , Jemielity Jacek 
Published: July 2024

AbstractChemical modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) has paved the way for advancing mRNA‐based therapeutics. The intricate process of mRNA translation in eukaryotes is orchestrated by numerous proteins involved in complex interaction networks. Many of them bind specifically to a unique structure at the mRNA 5′‐end, called 5′‐cap. Depending on the 5′‐terminal sequence and its methylation pattern, different proteins may be involved in the translation initiation and regulation, but a deeper understanding of these mechanisms requires specialized molecular tools to identify natural binders of mRNA 5′‐end variants. Here, a series of 8 new synthetic 5′‐cap analogs that allow the preparation of RNA molecules with photoreactive tags using a standard in vitro transcription reaction are reported. Two photoreactive tags and four different modification sites are selected to minimize potential interference with cap‐protein contacts and to provide complementary properties regarding crosslinking chemistry and molecular interactions. The tailored modification strategy allows for the generation of specific crosslinks with model cap‐binding proteins, such as eIF4E and Dcp2. The usefulness of the photoreactive cap analogs is also demonstrated for identifying the cap‐binding subunit in a multi‐protein complex, which makes them perfect candidates for further development of photoaffinity labeling probes to study more complex mRNA‐related processes.
A Human‐Computer Interaction Strategy for An FPGA Platform Boosted Integrated “Perception‐Memory” System Based on Electronic Tattoos and Memristors
Authors: Li Yang , Qiu Zhicheng , Kan Hao , Yang Yang , Liu Jianwen , Liu Zhaorui , Yue Wenjing , Du Guiqiang , Wang Cong , Kim Nam‐Young 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe integrated “perception‐memory” system is receiving increasing attention due to its crucial applications in humanoid robots, as well as in the simulation of the human retina and brain. Here, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) platform‐boosted system that enables the sensing, recognition, and memory for human‐computer interaction is reported by the combination of ultra‐thin Ag/Al/Paster‐based electronic tattoos (AAP) and Tantalum Oxide/Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide (Ta2O5/IGZO)‐based memristors. Notably, the AAP demonstrates exceptional capabilities in accommodating the strain caused by skin deformation, thanks to its unique structural design, which ensures a secure fit to the skin and enables the prolonged monitoring of physiological signals. By utilizing Ta2O5/IGZO as the functional layer, a high switching ratio is conferred to the memristor, and an integrated system for sensing, distinguishing, storing, and controlling the machine hand of multiple human physiological signals is constructed together with the AAP. Further, the proposed system implements emergency calls and smart homes using facial electromyogram signals and utilizing logical entailment to realize the control of the music interface. This innovative “perception‐memory” integrated system not only serves the disabled, enhancing human‐computer interaction but also provides an alternative avenue to enhance the quality of life and autonomy of individuals with disabilities.
Chemodivergent Parallel Kinetic Resolution of Paracyclophanes: Enantiomer Fishing with Different Substrates
Authors: Liu Qian , Teng Kunpeng , Zhang Yi , Lv Ya , Chi Yonggui Robin , Jin Zhichao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn unprecedented chemodivergent strategy for parallel kinetic resolution (PKR) is disclosed through which two planar chiral products bearing different structures were simultaneously afforded with opposite stereoselectivities. Two achiral esters are activated by one single chiral N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyst to react with the different enantiomers of the racemic imine substrate in a parallel fashion. Two products bearing distinct structures and opposite stereoselectivities are respectively afforded from the same reaction system in good to excellent yields, enantio‐ and diastereoselectivities. Control experiments and kinetic studies are carried out to probe the kinetic and dynamic properties during the reaction progress. The planar chiral pyridine and lactam products show interesting applications in both asymmetric synthesis and pesticide development.
A Cascade C(sp3)−H Annulation Involving C(alkyl),C(alkyl)‐Palladacycle Intermediates
Authors: Zhou Liwei , Chen Xiahong , Peng Qiong , Li Zhiwei , Qiao Shujia , Deng Guobo , Liang Yun , Lei Ming , Yang Yuan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractC−H bond functionalization involving C,C‐palladacycle intermediates provides a unique platform for developing novel reactions. However, the vast majority of studies have been limited to the transformations of C(aryl),C‐palladacycles. In sharp contrast, catalytic reactions involving C(alkyl),C(alkyl)‐palladacycles have rarely been reported. Herein, we disclose an unprecedented cascade C(sp3)−H annulation involving C(alkyl),C(alkyl)‐palladacycles. In this protocol, alkene‐tethered cycloalkenyl bromides undergo intramolecular Heck/C(sp3)−H activation to generate C(alkyl),C(alkyl)‐palladacycles, which can be captured by α‐bromoacrylic acids to afford tricyclic fused pyridinediones. In addition, this strategy can also be applied to indole‐tethered cycloalkenyl bromides to construct pentacyclic fused pyridinediones via suquential Heck dearomatization/C(sp3)−H activation/decarboxylative cyclization. Notably, the removal of α‐bromoacrylic acids in the reaction of alkene‐tethered cycloalkenyl bromides can build an interesting tricyclic skeleton containing a four‐membered ring. Preliminary mechanistic experiments indicate that five‐membered C(alkyl),C(alkyl)‐palladacycles serve as the key intermediates. Meanwhile, density functional theory (DFT) calculations have provided insights into the reaction pathway.
Sophorolipids, commercialized glycolipid biosurfactants: Derivatives, component analysis, and applications
Authors: Kobayashi Yosuke , Fukuoka Tokuma 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBiosurfactants contain various kinds of compounds and have complex structures because they are derived from microorganisms. Sophorolipids (SLs) are biosurfactants that are being commercialized. However, there are issues with fermentation technology and interface science due to the presence of many derivatives, which has become a bottleneck for the commercial expansion of SLs. This review addresses this issue. First, SL derivatives are described, including acid, lactone, bola, and glyceride forms. Then, the yeasts that produce various SL derivatives are described. Next, methods for measuring SL concentrations and component ratios are described, including high‐performance liquid chromatography with methanol. Finally, their applications in toiletries, cosmetics, medicine, livestock, agriculture, and the environment are described, and we discuss the importance of measuring SL concentrations and derivative ratios as technical challenges to revitalize the SL market.
Understanding the drivers of seagrass loss in Kenya: Evidence for the impacts of population and fishing
Authors: Mwikamba Edward M. , Githaiga Michael N. , Huxham Mark , Briers Robert A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Seagrass ecosystems are crucial for supporting biodiversity and serve as vital fishing grounds. Unfortunately, their cover is declining globally. In Kenya, seagrass cover is falling by ~ 1.6% annually but the causes are unknown. This study investigated the possible anthropogenic drivers of seagrass decline along the Kenyan coastline.
Satellite and large‐scale geographic data on population growth, chlorophyll α trends, housing, and road density were used to explore their effects on seagrass cover loss along the whole coastline. Direct investigations were conducted into the effects of seine netting and basket trapping within seagrasses.
There was an average loss of 1.9 km2 per 25 km2 seagrass cover between 2000 and 2016 and a weak but significant relationship between population growth and seagrass decline, with losses concentrated in areas with the highest population density. In contrast with studies elsewhere, there was no evidence implicating eutrophication, supporting the suggestion that declines are linked to direct anthropogenic impacts such as fishing. A field experiment showed that a single instance of seine netting caused a significant loss of seagrass cover of 8.3% within the area fished, while no significant changes were observed with basket traps.
These findings support the evidence that declines in seagrass in Kenya and in other African countries are anthropogenic and are linked with fishing pressure and endorse existing efforts to restrict use of seine netting within seagrasses.
Understanding the status, changes, and drivers of change in seagrass ecosystems in Africa is crucial for developing effective national and local seagrass conservation plans, and for compliance with international commitments on seagrass conservation.
Nachweis erforderlicher Ankerlängen mit der FEM bei zweifacher Rückverankerung
Authors: Perau Eugen , Wüster Toni 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIm Beitrag wird die Notwendigkeit der Mindestlängen von Verpressankern von Verbauwänden analysiert. Der zugehörige Nachweis der erforderlichen Ankerlänge soll nach aktueller Normung mit dem Nachweis der Standsicherheit in der tiefen Gleitfuge geführt werden. Berechnungen nach der Finite‐Elemente‐Methode (FEM) sind nicht vorgesehen. Die zukünftig europaweit gültige Normung wird absehbar zu einem verstärkten Einsatz der FEM bei Standsicherheitsnachweisen führen, ohne dass alle Einzelheiten zu diesen Nachweisen bereits festgelegt wurden. Der Nachweis der erforderlichen Ankerlänge einfach rückverankerter Verbauwände mit der FEM wurde bereits systematisch analysiert. Eine schrittweise Reduzierung der Scherparameter des Bodens wurde hier als das am besten geeignete Verfahren identifiziert. Allerdings entspricht dies nicht dem in der aktuellen Normung vorgegebenen Verfahren eines Vergleichs der vorhandenen Ankerkraft mit einer möglichen Ankerkraft aus einer Untersuchung der tiefen Gleitfuge. In dem Beitrag wird anhand eines Beispiels untersucht, ob das Verfahren der schrittweisen Reduzierung der Scherparameter des Bodens auch bei zweifach rückverankerten Verbauwänden zu plausiblen Ergebnissen führt. Eine besondere Bedeutung kommt dabei auch der Ermittlung der Bruchmechanismen im Untergrund zu. Eine Frage ist, ob sich bei einer Variation beider Ankerlängen unterschiedliche Bruchmechanismen einstellen, wie sie sich auch bei den klassischen Verfahren ergeben.
Nanostructured transition metal dichalcogenides‐based colorimetric sensors: Synthesis, characterization, and emerging applications
Authors: Raghunathan Muthukumar , Kapoor Ashish , Kumar Praveen , Laxshmivarahan Ananya , Tripathi Subhash Chandra , Ahmad Irfan , Pal Dan Bahadur 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNanostructured transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have garnered significant attention as prospective materials for the development of highly sensitive and versatile colorimetric sensors. This work explores the synthesis, characterization, and emerging applications of TMDC‐based sensors, focusing on their unique structural aspects and inherent properties. The synthesis methods involve tailored fabrication techniques, such as chemical vapor deposition and hydrothermal processes, aimed at producing well‐defined nanostructures that enhance sensor performance. Characterization techniques, including microscopy, spectroscopy, and surface analysis, are employed to elucidate the structural and chemical features of the nanostructured TMDCs. These analyses provide insights into the correlation between the material's morphology and its sensing capabilities. The colorimetric sensing mechanism relies on the modulation of optical properties in response to specific analytes, enabling rapid and visual detection. The emerging applications of TMDC‐based colorimetric sensors span diverse fields, including environmental monitoring, healthcare, and industrial processes. The sensors exhibit high sensitivity, selectivity, and real‐time response, making them ideal candidates for detecting various target analytes. Furthermore, their integration with complementary technologies such as microfluidics, can facilitate the development of on‐site and point‐of‐care applications. This work highlights the interdisciplinary significance of nanostructured TMDC‐based colorimetric sensors and underscores their potential contributions to addressing contemporary challenges in sensing technology.
Preparation of thermochromic ink from anthocyanidin‐encapsulated alginate nanoparticles for anticounterfeiting applications
Authors: Khalaf Mai. M. , Gouda Mohamed , Hamdalla Taymour A. , Abou Taleb Manal F. , Abd El‐Lateef Hany M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn order to make commercial products less vulnerable to counterfeiting, thermochromic inks have proven to be a viable authentication strategy. Herein, we developed a thermochromic ink for authentication by combining an anthocyanidin (ACYD) extract with alginate (ALG). To increase the anthocyanidin/alginate ink stability, a mordant (ferrous sulfate) was employed to tie up the anthocyanidin biomolecules with alginate. ACYD was extracted from red‐cabbage and then immobilized into alginate to serve as an environmentally friendly spectroscopic probe. Thermochromic composite inks (ACYD@ALG) were made by adjusting the content of anthocyanidin. A homogenous blue film (608 nm) was printed on a paper surface and investigated by the CIE Lab coordinate system. The blue color transformed into reddish (477 nm) when heated from 35°C to 65°C. Nanoparticles (NPs) of anthocyanidin/mordant (ACYD/M) were examined for their size and morphology to indicate diameters of 80–90 nm, whereas the ACYD/M‐encapsulated alginate nanoparticles showed diameters of 120–150 nm. Multiple analytical techniques were utilized to examine the printed papers. The mechanical and rheological performance of both stamped sheets and ink fluid were explored. The cytotoxicity and antimicrobial efficacy of ink (ACYD@ALG) were investigated.
Rural NEETs' hope across the COVID‐19 pandemic: A bioecological longitudinal mapping
Authors: Simões Francisco 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMy aim is to map the socioecology of rural emergent adults Not in Employment, nor in Education or Training (NEET)'s hope during the COVID‐19 pandemic period. The study involved 213 participants (M age = 26.35; DP = 4.15; 66.20% women) in a three‐wave longitudinal study running between June 2020 and June 2021, in The Azores Islands, Portugal. Inspired by the bioecological model and using a linear mixed model approach, I found that: (i) female NEETs presented a significantly worse evolution of hope dimensions levels compared to men; (ii) while inactive NEETs' agency estimates increased as a result of an increment in Public Employment Services' (PES) support, unemployed NEETs' estimates decreased over time to the point that they were below inactive NEETs' agency rates at higher levels of PES support; and (iii) at higher levels of collectivism, unemployed NEETs showed more positive and significant estimates of perceived ability to achieve goals compared to inactive NEETs, conversely to what happened at lower levels of perceived collectivism. These results show the need to better tailor PES' services and interventions to different types of NEETs, addressing structural inequalities (e.g., gender gap) or the role of service digitalization for rural NEETs' different subgroups. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Cellular response during cellular starvation: A battle for cellular survivability
Authors: Bhowmick Tithi , Biswas Souradeep , Mukherjee Avinaba 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCellular starvation occurs when a cell is deprived of nutrition and oxygen availability. The genesis of this state of deprivation is exclusively contingent upon the inadequacy in the supply of essential components, namely amino acids, glucose, and oxygen. Consequently, the impact of this altered condition manifests in the regulation of cellular respiratory, metabolic, and stress responses. Subsequently, as a reactive outcome, cell death may transpire through mechanisms such as autophagy or apoptosis, particularly under prolonged circumstances. However, the cell combats such situations by evolving altered activity in their metabolic and protein level. Modulated signaling cascades help them to conquer starvation. But as in a prolonged condition, the battle that a cell has to evolve will come into and result in the form of cellular death. Therefore, in cancer therapy, cellular starvation may also act as a possible way out so that the cancer cell can undergo its death pathway in an induced starved condition. This review has collectively depicted the mechanism of cellular starvation. Besides this, the cellular response in this starved condition has also been summarized. Gaining such knowledge of the causation of cell starvation and cellular response during starvation not only generates new insight into the mechanism of cell survivability but also may act as a beneficial role in combating cellular diseases like cancer.
Pivotal Contribute of EPR‐Characterized Persistent Free Radicals in the Methylene Blue Removal by a Bamboo‐Based Biochar‐Packed Column Flow System
Authors: Zanardi Filippo , Romei Federica , Junior Mario Nogueira Barbosa , Paciornik Sidnei , Franchi Paola , Lucarini Marco , Turchetti Anna , Poletti Lorenzo , Alfei Silvana , Pandoli Omar Ginoble 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWater remediation with biomass derivatives has attracted attention for its sustainable impact on the earth. Chemical procedures for new adsorbent and active biomaterials must be implemented to remove organic pollutants more efficiently. Herein, we obtained a sustainable, environmentally, and low‐cost biochar from bamboo Dendrocalamus giganteus (BBC, B400) by thermal treatment at 400 °C without physical and chemical pre‐ and post‐treatments. By electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), we determined the quantification and ageing of persistent free radicals (PFRs, 1016–1019 spins/g) present in BBC over time. We demonstrated the removal efficiency (R %) of B400 against methylene blue (MB) aqueous solutions without and with different concentrations of H2O2 using a novel B400‐packed column‐flow system. Results demonstrated that the MB removal efficiency via physical adsorption and chemical degradation strongly depended on the concentration of carbon‐centred PFRs and their stability over time. Collectively, a reduced concentration of PFRs and their full passivation by proper treatments led to a remarkable loss of MB removal efficiency, thus evidencing that a PFR‐mediated radical degradation mechanism was predominant in the MB removal process. Experiments with t‐butanol alcohol (TBA) on aged B400 as a radical scavenger of the hydroxyl radical (⋅OH) have evidenced the critical role of PFRs in generating reactive oxygens species (ROSs) in solution, which catalysed the oxidative degradation of MB. Kinetics studies carried out on removal efficiency data vs time by all experiments established that the MB removal profiles of fresh B400 were best described by a pseudo‐second order (PSO) kinetic model, thus suggesting that chemical mechanisms such as electron transfer reactions and PFRs‐mediated degradation were the main contributors to MB removal. On the contrary, MB removal profiles of aged B400 with reduced or insignificant content of PFRs best fitted kinetic models, which describe physical absorption and diffusional nor radical processes, which led to a lower removal efficiency. These findings will be helpful for potential pilot and large‐scale experiments to remove a wide range of contaminants in water.
Multiple change‐point detection for regression curves
Authors: Wang Yunlong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNonparametric estimation of a regression curve becomes crucial when the underlying dependence structure between covariates and responses is not explicit. While existing literature has addressed single change‐point estimation for regression curves, the problem of multiple change points remains unresolved. In an effort to bridge this gap, this article introduces a nonparametric estimator for multiple change points by minimizing a penalized weighted sum of squared residuals, presenting consistent results under mild conditions. Additionally, we propose a cross‐validation‐based procedure that possesses the advantage of being tuning‐free. Our simulation results showcase the competitive performance of these new procedures when compared with state‐of‐the‐art methods. As an illustration of their utility, we apply these procedures to a real dataset.