bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To analyse the nutrition/ Feeding initiated within 24 hours of admission in critical care unit
Authors: Patel Jigna Rakesh 
Published: July 2024

For critically ill patients admitted to the vital Care Unit (CCU), the first 24 hours after starting feeding are vital. By using a feeding protocol, the research attempts to evaluate the frequency of early feeding initiation and nutrition adequacy targets in order to address the widespread issue of inadequate nutrition. Even though there are constant discussions about the best feeding plans, following basic guidelines is essential. This study explores the effects of early nutrition beginning, acknowledging its importance in offering strong nutritional support for better outcomes in CCU patients. It is in line with guidelines that advocate early enteral feeding.Over the course of a month, 200 patients admitted to the Critical Care Unit (CCU) participated in a prospective, randomized, parallel-controlled clinical experiment. Data from patient records in the Solace hospital databases were used to analyze feeding procedures, including parenteral and enteral nutrition. Relationships between feeding modalities, patient outcomes, and early feeding initiation were investigated using statistical analysis.42.5% of the 200 patients started getting nutrition within 24 hours, demonstrating how urgently nutritional care is needed. A range of medical problems, such as diabetes and hypertension, were noted in the individuals. Feeding techniques included everything from liquid diets to customized plans like FD Soft DD and FD-CKD. The findings supports early enteral nutrition guidelines, which emphasize the critical role that early feeding plays in promoting immune function, lowering complications, promoting wound healing, and enhancing overall patient outcomes. Further investigation into the long-term consequences of early nutrition introduction may be necessary to have a thorough grasp of patient recovery and overall well being. Our comprehension of the intricate connection between a patient's results while receiving critical care and the early commencement of feeding is improved by this study.This study highlights how crucial it is to start nutrition as soon as possible in the critical care unit (CCU) because it has a significant impact on patient outcomes, such as fewer problems and faster wound healing. The customized feeding strategy emphasizes the long-term advantages of early nutritional interventions and is backed by a wide spectrum of medical specialties. Subsequent investigations ought to concentrate on examining the enduring consequences and compliance with protocols to guarantee all-encompassing and prompt nutritional approaches in critical care supervision.
Patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) as a nutrition assessment tool in patients with cancer
Authors: Singh Shikha , Raj Edwina , Santhosh Geetha 
Published: July 2024

: The consequences of malnutrition in Cancer patient, include an increased risk of complications, a lower quality of life, reduced survival and higher health-care costs. The Scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) is used internationally as the reference method for screening, monitoring and triaging for interventions in patients with cancer The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of the scored PG-SGA as a nutrition assessment tool in hospital patients with cancerA prospective 15 week study assessing the nutritional status and QoL(Quality of life) of ambulatory patients receiving chemotherapy, radiation therapy, medications/supplements therapy were analyzed and used to predict the magnitude of QoL in a private hospital in Bengaluru. The total sample number was around 50.Statistical Analyses were performed, using SPSS software. : The result based on total PG-SGA Score, shows, 14% required no intervention, 32% required patient and family education, 24% required intervention by dietitian and doctor and 20% required critical care management. Overall, there was no significant difference in intervention required when classified according to BMI groups (p &#62;0.05).Surprisingly similar percentage of participants in both Group 1 and Group 2 required critical care management since most of them in both the groups were facing different eating problems. : This concludes that the PG-SGA showed high sensitivity and good specificity in predicting malnutrition among cancer patients but it can be improved further by taking up a larger sample of patients or increasing the number of sample size so that the data are made accurate.
Madres Terra
Authors: Mota Ilka de Oliveira 
Published: July 2024

A partir da consideração dos assassinatos de civis pelo aparelho militar colombiano, esta pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar as representações das mães de Soacha na série fotográfica Madres Terra, de Carlos Saavedra e Sebastián Ramírez, a fim de compreender seus efeitos de sentido. Essas mulheres são mães dos chamados “falsos positivos”: centenas de jovens inocentes executados pelo exército colombiano sob a alegação de estarem a serviço de grupos armados ilegais, como as Forças Armadas Revolucionárias da Colômbia. A análise tem apontado para o fato de que, além de espaço de denúncia do crime de Estado e de luta por justiça, o ensaio fotográfico funciona como lugar simbólico de elaboração do luto das mães, bem como um modo de resistência/persistência da memória, ou seja, uma forma de lembrar para não esquecer. A base teórica é constituída pela Análise de Discurso, que trabalha no entremeio entre Linguagem, Inconsciente e História.
Machine learning-based integration of omics and clinical data reveals an N-glycan biosynthesis signature predictive of the outcome in low-grade glioma: an in silico study
Authors: Zhu Yihao , Geng Liangyuan , Bo Fuduo , Xu Yang , Wei Jindou , Zhang Yansong , Qian Chunfa 
Published: July 2024

Aim: This study explored the prognostic value of N-glycan biosynthesis (NGB) in lower-grade glioma (LGG) and aimed to develop a machine learning model for enhanced prognostic accuracy.
Method: LGG patient transcriptome data were analyzed to identify NGB-related genes. Consensus clustering identified subgroups based on NGB expression. A prognostic NGB signature (pNGB) was developed using machine learning. The pNGB score's association with cell proliferation, inflammation, treatment response, tumor recurrence, and the immune microenvironment was also explored.
Results: A 22-gene pNGB signature was identified, with MGAT1 and TUSC3 having the highest and lowest hazard ratios, respectively. Two distinct clusters (C1 and C2) with differential pNGB expression and survival outcomes were revealed. NGB pathway analysis indicated an overall poor prognosis, except for MGAT4C and TUSC3. The Enet-based survival model showed superior discriminatory power and reliability. The NGB risk score correlated with increased cell proliferation, inflammation, and altered immune landscape. Additionally, the score is linked to treatment response and tumor recurrence.
Conclusion: This study highlights the critical role of NGB in LGG progression and proposes a pNGB-based model for prognosis. The NGB risk score shows promise as a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target in LGG.
Bioavailability of Heavy Metals Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) In Agricultural Soils In The Tabanan Region and Their Accumulation In Gonda Plants (Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn)
Authors: Lisdiantari Ni Luh Gede , Suprihatin Iryanti Eka , Sahara Emmy 
Published: July 2024

Farmers use organic and inorganic fertilizers and pesticides in order to maintain the quality of their crops. Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides in long term can cause soil contamination. This research is about determining the level of bioavailability of Cd and Pb metals in gonda plants (Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn) and the amount dissolved in the soil. The stepwise extraction method is used to determine dissolved metal species and quantitationally determined using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The content of Cd and Pb metals in the gonda plants obtained was 4.3328 and 1.4788 mg⁄kg. The bioavailable Cd and Pb in soil are 13.76% - 21.51% and 10.19 - 11.54%, respectively, the potentially bioavailable ones are 53.91 - 57.84% and 79.97 - 80.00. % and non-bioavailable metals, namely 24.58 - 28.39 and 8.46 - 9.84%. Based on SNI 7387:2009 regulations regarding the Maximum Limit for Heavy Metal Contamination in Food, the Cd and Pb metal contamination in gonda plants on the agricultural land in the observed area has exceeded the threshold of 0.2 mg⁄kg on Cd and 0.5 mg⁄kg on Pb.
STUDENT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE PREDICTION FRAMEWORK WITH FEATURE SELECTION AND IMBALANCED DATA HANDLING
Authors: Wijayaningrum Vivi Nur , Kirana Annisa Puspa , Putri Ika Kusumaning 
Published: July 2024

Various factors cause the low scores of students in practicum courses. If these factors cannot be identified, more and more students will drop out of the study due to low scores, especially Vocational College students who do not have the opportunity to improve their scores in the short semester. Students with the potential to drop out must be identified as soon as possible because the number of dropouts can have an impact on a university's accreditation value. In this study, the prediction of student academic performance was carried out using a framework consisting of imbalanced data handling using SMOTE and feature selection using Random Forest, as well as the application of Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) for the formation of a classification model. The MLP architecture consists of some neurons in the input layer, two hidden layers with five neurons each, and two neurons in the output layer. SMOTE succeeded in selecting ten significant parameters from 22 initial parameters, which produced the most accurate predictions. According to the test results, the proposed framework offers the best accuracy of 0.8889 and an F1-Score of 0.9032. These results prove that the proposed framework can be used as an alternative for the Department to take action to prevent students from dropping out.
Insight into the Evolution of the Eastern Margin of the Wyoming Craton from Complex, Laterally Variable Shear Wave Splitting
Authors: Birkey Andrew , Ford Heather A. , Anderson Megan , Byrnes Joseph S. , Bezada Maximiliano J. , Shapovalov Maxim 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Dense seismic arrays such as EarthScope’s Transportable Array (TA) have enabled high-resolution seismic observations that show the structure of cratonic lithosphere is more heterogeneous and complex than previously assumed. In this study, we pair TA data with data from the Bighorn Arch Seismic Experiment and the Crust and lithosphere Investigation of the Easternmost expression of the Laramide Orogeny (CIELO) to provide unprecedented detail on the seismic anisotropic structure of the eastern margin of the Wyoming Craton, where several orogens emerged from nominally strong cratonic lithosphere during the Laramide Orogeny. In this study, we use the splitting of teleseismic shear waves to characterize fabrics associated with deformation in the Earth’s crust and mantle. We constrain distinct anisotropic domains in the study area, and forward modeling shows that each of these domains can be explained by a single layer of anisotropy. Most significantly, we find a fast direction in the southern part of the Powder River Basin, which we refer to as the Thunder Basin Block (TBB), that deviates from absolute plate motion (APM). This change in splitting behavior coincides with changes in other modeled geophysical observations, such as active source P-wave velocity models, potential field modeling, and seismic attenuation analysis, which all show a significant change moving from the Bighorn Mountains to the TBB. We argue that these results correspond to structure predating the Laramide Orogeny, and most likely indicate a Neoarchean boundary preserved within the lithosphere.
Comparative Laboratory Wettability Study of Sandstone, Tuff, and Shale Using 12-MHz NMR T1-T2 Fluid Typing: Insight of Shale
Authors: Wang Shuoshi , Gu Zheng , Guo Ping , Zhao Wenhua 
Published: July 2024

SummaryWettability is a fundamental parameter significantly influencing fluid distributions, saturations, and relative permeability in porous media. Despite the availability of several wettability measurement techniques, obtaining consistent wettability index results, particularly in tight reservoirs, remains a challenge. Nevertheless, obtaining accurate wettability indices is crucial for gaining a more profound understanding of rock properties and precisely identifying and evaluating oil recovery processes. This study adapts T1-T2 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in twin plugs (cores cut in half from the middle) style wettability measurement for different reservoirs. The fluid typing in different lithologies by T1-T2 NMR is proved to be effective by introducing D2O with a modified pressurization saturation process. Therefore, demarcating the regions requires multiple experiments, including sole brine, sole oil phase, and D2O imbibition processes, to define oil and water distribution regions. Such fluid typing ability enables better accuracy in wettability characterization. The weighing method shows good agreement with the T2 spectrum but lacks the ability to differentiate fluids. It is observed that the same fluid in various porous media displays different divisions of T1/T2 ratios. The wettability index of sandstone, tuff, and shale measured by weighing and T1-T2 NMR method are compared and studied to demonstrate the applicability of different methods. The weighing method and the NMR method, as modified-Amott methods, share the same fundamental principle but differ in their measurement techniques. This study’s T1-T2 NMR wettability indices are −0.52, 0.06, and 0.14, whereas the weighing wettability indices are −0.63, 0.07, and 0.34 of sandstone, tuff, and shale, respectively. In addition to the difference in shale wettability index, there are also differences in shale porosity measured by methods with/without the ability to differentiate the fluid types. The T1-T2 NMR method is more accurate in measuring the wettability of shale because it can distinguish among free water in pores, structural water, and clay-bound water in smectitic clay minerals. If the clay-related water is not treated properly, the hydrophilicity of the shale will be overestimated. Ultimately, four types of pores (water-wet, oil-wet, mixed-wet, and unconnected pores) are classified and quantified by the proposed NMR method.
Anthropometric Indicators Are Associated With Cardiovascular Risk Measured by Framingham Risk Score in Men Living With Hiv, but Not in Women.
Authors: Pessoa Marcilene Glay , Melo Luciana , Moura Fabiana , Silva Diego , Lima Luiz Rodrigo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction: People living with HIV (PLHIV) present metabolic and morphological changes that increase cardiovascular risk due to infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART). Early detection of cardiovascular risk using anthropometric indicators is crucial, given the low cost and feasibility of this technique.
Objective: To analyze the association between anthropometric indicators and cardiovascular risk in PLHIV.
Methods: Cross-sectional study with cis-gender PLHIV, ≥18 years old of both sexes. Sociodemographic, clinical, personal information and anthropometric measurements (body mass, height and neck, waist and hip circumferences) were collected and 11 anthropometric indicators were calculated. Cardiovascular risk was determined by the Framingham risk score. Multivariable regression analyses adjusted for confounding factors and stratified by sex were conducted using STATA® v. 13.0, p<0.05.
Results: 354 PLHIV participated, 41.2% (n=146) female, with a mean age of 42.7 ± 13.0 years. Among the participants, 70.1% (n=248), 16.7% (n=59) and 13.3% (n=47) have low, moderate, and high cardiovascular risk, respectively. Among the indicators analyzed, conicity index (CI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body shape index (BSI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and body roundness index (BRI) present significant association with cardiovascular risk, only in men (β*=0.4985; β*=0.4861; β*=0.4645; β*=0.4320; β*=0.4204 [β*=standardized betas]), adjusted for education, level of physical activity, T-CD4+ lymphocytes, income and ART. The analyzes did not demonstrate significant associations ​​for women.
Conclusion: The anthropometric indicators, notedly CI and WHR, are associated with cardiovascular risk independent of clinical factors in men living with HIV.
Socioeconomic importance of the semi-feral goat population for smallholders on the island of Socotra
Authors: Maděrová Lucie , Šipoš Jan , Maděra Petr , Suchomel Josef 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This research paper examined the socioeconomic importance of goat farming on the island of Socotra, which to thebest of the authors’ knowledge. The study comprised 154 participants from various terrains. The data was collected usinga well-structured questionnaire and statistically analysed through the Bayesian approach and Kruskal--Wallis test tooﬀer robust insights into the subject matter. Data on the importance of goat meaning, herd composition, reproduction,milk production, supplementary feeding and watering, goat slaughter and non-slaughter mortality was collected.This study identiﬁed that goats are mainly kept for livelihood purposes (60%), while their social signiﬁcance is notable aswell, with 18% of respondents citing this as a reason for raising the animals. In terms of herd composition, each family keeps an average of 107goats, of which 59% are does, 32% are infants under six months, and 9% are bucks. Reproduction patternsindicate that the goats breed twice a year, primarily in May and October. As for milk production, goats on Socotra produce an average of 368 ml/day on an annual basis, and the highest production is observed in the mountains. The study also found that the goats are primarily slaughtered for social reasons (55%). According to respondents, the main cause of mortality in goats was disease (40%). The results of this study have far-reaching implications for understanding the management of goat farming on the island and conserving the island’s biodiversity.
Cluster analysis to understand the spatial variation of ocean waves in low energy systems
Authors: Baghbani Ramin , Linhoss Anna , Osorio Raul , Shahidzadehasadi Mehrzad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Understanding the spatial variation in ocean waves is critical for planning for erosion and infrastructure projects. The objectives of this study were to 1) perform a cluster analysis to categorize the behavior of wave climate over space and 2) determine the important drivers affecting spatial variations of wave climate in a low energy, fetch limited environment. In this study, 29 wave gauges were deployed between in Back Bay Biloxi, Mississippi. Raw pressure and processed wave height and period were clustered using two algorithms for calculating the similarity between timeseries data: Euclidian and Dynamic Time Warping. The Euclidean algorithm was applied to raw and processed data. However, due to the computationally expensive nature of Dynamic Time Warping, this algorithm could not be used on raw pressure data and was only applied to processed wave data. Therefore, three combinations of distance algorithms and data were compared to find the most effective way of clustering wave gauges over time and space: 1) Euclidean algorithm on raw pressure data, 2) Euclidean algorithm on processed wave height data, and 3) Dynamic Time Warping algorithm on processed wave height data. Results from this study reveal that the dendrogram trees of the Euclidean and Dynamic Time Warping algorithms on processed data are similar, where most of the wave gauges fall in one cluster. Conversely, the Euclidian algorithm on the raw pressure data resulted in wave gauges being slightly more evenly distributed between the clusters. Additionally, the Euclidean algorithm on the raw pressure data showed that water depth has an important influence on wave clustering and therefore, wave behavior.
Bacterial etiologies, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and associated factors among patients with otitis media referred to Nekemte Public Health Research and Referral Laboratory Center, Western Ethiopia: A prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Guteta Endalu , Abdi Fedasan , Gizaw Seifu , Merkeb Belay , Sileshi Betrearon , Feyisa Hunduma , Bekele Tadese 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Otitis media is among the leading causes of illnesses responsible for causing hearing problems and adding significant costs to the public health system. Bacteria are the most common causative agents for otitis media. Currently, there is little information on the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of pathogenic bacterial isolates from patients with otitis media in Ethiopia.
Methodology
A laboratory – based cross-sectional study was conducted from June to September 2023 among 242 patients with otitis media referred to Nekemte Public Health Research and Referral Laboratory Center. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained by trained nurses and/or health officers in face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaires. Middle ear discharge samples were collected by trained clinical microbiology experts following all aseptic techniques. Conventional culture, different biochemical tests and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed for all the isolated bacteria. Reference strains were used as a positive and negative controls. The data were checked for completeness and consistency, entered into EpiData version 4.6.06 and analyzed by SPSS version 25. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the associated factors of otitis media. Adjusted odds ratio was used to determine strength of association. Statistical significance was obtained at p-value of below 0.05. The data were interpreted using graphs, tables, and results statements.
Results
A total of 242 middle ear discharge samples were collected and cultured from which 212 (87.6%) were culture positive. A total of 228 pathogenic bacterial isolates were recovered. The predominant bacterial isolates were S. aureus 92 (40.4%) followed by P. aeruginosa 33 (14.5%) and E. coli 24 (10.5%). One hundred fifty-one (66.2%) bacterial pathogens were multidrug resistant. Piperacillin-tazobactam and tobramycin are relatively common drugs to which most of the isolates were susceptible while ampicillin and tetracycline were the most resistant. Purulent discharge (p-value = 0.001), middle ear discharge ≥ 14 days (P-value = 0.000) and a history of active/passive smoking (P-value = 0.043) were significantly associated with otitis media.
Conclusion
The prevalence of bacterial pathogens, most of which were multidrug-resistant, was high among patients with otitis media. A significant association was observed with purulent ear discharge, chronic otitis media, and passive or active smoking. Choosing the proper antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial infection is crucial.