bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differentiation of Greek extra virgin olive oils according to cultivar based on volatile compound analysis and fatty acid composition
Authors: Kosma Ioanna , Badeka Anastasia , Vatavali Kornilia , Kontakos Stavros , Kontominas Michael 
Published: September 2015

Volatile compound (VC) analysis and fatty acids (FA) composition in combination with statistical analysis [Multivariate Analysis of Variance/Linear Discriminant Analysis (MANOVA/LDA)] were used for the differentiation of extra virgin olive oils (EVOO) according to cultivar. A total of 104 olive oil samples from six Greek cultivars were collected during the harvesting period 2012–2013. Fifty‐six VC were identified and semi‐quantified by Head Space‐Solid Phase Microextraction‐Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (HS‐SPME‐GC/MS). FA composition was determined by Gas Chromatography‐Flame Ionization Detector (GC‐FID). The application of MANOVA/LDA to total VC and FA showed that 34 VC and 9 FA were significant for the differentiation of olive oil cultivar. Based on volatiles’ analysis a classification rate of 83.0% was achieved. The respective classification rate for FA analysis was 92.1% while that of the combination of VC and FA was 93%.Practical applications: This research documents that VC and FA composition could play an important role in the differentiation of cultivar origin of EVOO. Furthermore, researchers had the opportunity to study the characteristics of some less‐known olive oil varieties such as Galano from Chalkidiki and Samothraki from Samothraki island. The results obtained may aid toward the labelling as “Protected Designation of Origin” (PDO) or “Protected Geographical Indication” (PGI) for EVOO from these olive cultivars.Differentiation of Greek olive oil samples according to cultivar based on instrumental analysis and chemometrics.
Direct [11C]Methylation of Amines from [11C]CO2 for the Synthesis of PET Radiotracers
Authors: Liger François , Eijsbouts Ture , Cadarossanesaib Florence , Tourvieille Christian , Le Bars Didier , Billard Thierry 
Published: September 2015

Abstract[11C]Methylation (t1/2 = 20.4 min) is a main labeling strategy for the development of PET (positron emission tomography) radiotracers. A straight radiomethylation of amines with cyclotron‐produced 11CO2 has been developed to obtain various radiolabeled compounds with good radiochemical yields. This strategy is a new approach to simplifying radiolabeling processes and transpositions onto automatic synthesizers and has been applied to the synthesis of radiolabeled drugs and a PET radiotracer used in the study of Alzheimer's disease.
Enantioselective Synthesis of 1‐Aryl‐Substituted Tetrahydroisoquinolines Through Ru‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation
Authors: Perez Marc , Wu Zi , Scalone Michelangelo , Ayad Tahar , Ratovelomanana‐Vidal Virginie 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA convenient and general asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of a wide array of 1‐aryl‐3,4‐dihydroisoquinoline derivatives using a [RuIICl(η6‐benzene)TsDPEN] complex in combination with a 5:2 HCOOH–Et3N azeotropic mixture as a hydrogen source was developed. Under mild reaction conditions, the described catalytic transformation secured a practical synthetic access to the corresponding valuable chiral 1‐aryltetrahydroisoquinoline units with high atom economy, a broad substrate scope, high isolated yields (up to 97 %) and good to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee). It was found that the stereochemical outcome of the reaction was strongly influenced by both the structure of the catalyst and the substituents present on the substrate. The synthetic utility of the present protocol has been demonstrated through the asymmetric synthesis of several biologically important alkaloids including the antiepileptic drug agent 1c, as well as (–)‐nor‐cryptostyline alkaloids I and II.
Ethnic Identity and Major Depression in Asian American Subgroups Nationwide: Differential Findings in Relation to Subcultural Contexts
Authors: Ai Amy L. , Nicdao Ethel G. , Appel Hoa B. , Lee Daniel Hyung Jik 
Published: September 2015

ObjectivesAsian Americans (AA) are the fastest growing minority population in the United States. Leading AA scholars have highlighted the unmet service needs and the necessity to investigate subgroup variations in the mental health of AAs. This study addressed a research gap of whether racial and ethnic identity (REI) in three AA subgroups (Chinese, Filipino, and Vietnamese) consistently protects against major depressive disorder (MDD), counteracting the deleterious role of discrimination.MethodUsing the National Latino and Asian American Study (NLAAS), we explored the varying and incremental predictive values of REI, above and beyond the effects of known demographic and acculturation predictors, alongside other potentially protective factors.ResultsIn three sets of two‐step logistic regressions, REI had an inverse relationship with MDD in the Filipino subgroup only but a positive association in the Chinese subgroup. The damaging role of negative REI moderated the effect of discrimination. The longest stay in the United States and discrimination predicted a higher likelihood of a MDD diagnosis in the Filipino subgroup. Social support contributed to the lower odds of MDD in Chinese and Vietnamese subgroups, had lower odds of having MDD, and religious attendance may act as a protective factor in the Vietnamese subgroup.ConclusionOur findings do not reinforce uniform protection of REI but lend partial support for two underlying rationales. Based on cultural psychologists’ framework, inconsistent findings are interpreted within the sociocultural contexts of the 3 subgroups.
The spiral ganglion and Rosenthal's canal in beluga whales
Authors: Sensor Jennifer D. , Suydam Robert , George John C. , Liberman M. C. , Lovano Denise , Rhaganti Mary Ann , Usip Sharon , Vinyard Christopher J. , Thewissen J. G.M. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTWith the increase of human activity and corresponding increase in anthropogenic sounds in marine waters of the Arctic, it is necessary to understand its effect on the hearing of marine wildlife. We have conducted a baseline study on the spiral ganglion and Rosenthal's canal of the cochlea in beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) as an initial assessment of auditory anatomy and health. We present morphometric data on the length of the cochlea, number of whorls, neuron densities along its length, Rosenthal's canal length, and cross‐sectional area, and show some histological results. In belugas, Rosenthal's canal is not a cylinder of equal cross‐sectional area, but its cross‐section is greatest near the apex of the basal whorl. We found systematic variation in the numbers of neurons along the length of the spiral ganglion, indicating that neurons are not dispersed evenly in Rosenthal's canal. These results provide data on functionally important structural parameters of the beluga ear. We observed no signs of acoustic trauma in our sample of beluga whales. J. Morphol. 276:1455–1466, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical safety of an MRI conditional implantable cardioverter defibrillator system: A prospective Monocenter ICD‐Magnetic resonance Imaging feasibility study (MIMI)
Authors: Kypta Alexander , Blessberger Hermann , Hoenig Simon , Saleh Karim , Lambert Thomas , Kammler Juergen , Fellner Franz , Lichtenauer Michael , Steinwender Clemens 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Lumax 740® Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) system in patients undergoing a defined 1.5 Tesla (T) MRI.Materials and MethodsBetween November 2013 and April 2014, eighteen patients (age range, 41–78 years; mean age, 64 years) implanted with a Lumax 740® ICD system for at least 6 weeks before an MRI were enrolled into this single‐center feasibility study. The local ethics committee approved the study before patients gave written informed consent. Patients underwent defined MRI 1.5T of the brain and lower lumbar spine with three safety follow‐up evaluations obtained during the 3‐month study period. Data were analyzed descriptively. Study endpoints were the absence of either MRI and pacing system related serious adverse device effects (SADE), or of a ventricular pacing threshold increase >0.5V, or of an R‐wave amplitude attenuation < 50%, or of an R‐wave amplitude < 5.0 mV at 1‐month follow‐up. The assessment of safety and efficacy was supported by recording of all adverse events, changes in pacing threshold, R‐wave sensing, pacing impedances and in battery status.ResultsSixteen patients completed the MRI and the follow‐up period. As no SADE occurred, the SADE free rate was 100%. Freedom from ventricular pacing threshold increase was 100% (16/16; 95%CI: 82.9%; 100.0%). There were no significant differences between baseline and follow‐up measurements of sensing amplitudes (−0.58 ± 2.07 mV, P = 0.239, −0.41 ± 1.04 mV, P = 0.133, and −0.25 ± 1.36 mV, P = 0.724, for immediately after, 1 month and 3 months after MRI scan, respectively) and pacing thresholds (−0.047 ± 0.18 V, P = 0.317, −0.019 ± 0.11 V, P = 0.490, and 0.075 ± 0.19 V, P = 0.070, for immediately after, 1 month and 3 months after MRI scan, respectively). Lead impedances after the MRI scan were significantly lower as compared with baseline values (−22.8 ± 21.69 Ω, P = 0.001, −21.62 ± 39.71 Ω, P = 0.040, and −33.68 ± 57.73 Ω, P = 0.018, for immediately after, 1 month and 3 months after MRI scan, respectively).ConclusionMRI scans in patients with MRI conditional ICD system (Lumax 740®) are feasible and can be performed safely under defined conditions in a hospital setting.J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015. J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2016;43:574–584.
The role of hindrance stressors in the job demand–control–support model of occupational stress: A proposed theory revision
Authors: Dawson Kevin M. , O'Brien Kimberly E. , Beehr Terry A. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryPrevious research on the job demand–control–support (JDCS) model of occupational stress has generally been inconsistent at best regarding a key issue: the interaction of demands, control, and support in predicting employee health and well‐being. However, the model continues to be tested in a variety of studies and academic journals owing to its intuitive appeal. By incorporating conservation of resources theory with knowledge from the challenge–hindrance stressor framework, we proposed that hindrance stressors, not the challenge stressors commonly assessed when testing JDCS theory, will provide validation for the model. A two‐wave panel study of 228 employees in a variety of occupations provided support for three‐way interactions between hindrance demands, control, and support predicting job‐related anxiety and physical symptoms. Three‐way interactions using a challenge demand (forms of workload) were not significant, consistent with our propositions. In summary, this study supports the buffering effect of control and support on the relationship between job demands and strain only when job demands reflect hindrance stressors, thereby proposing to alter the JDCS model by specifying that it applies primarily to hindrance stressors in a job hindrance–control–support model. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Randomization methods in emergency setting trials: a descriptive review
Authors: Corbett Mark Stephen , Moe‐Byrne Thirimon , Oddie Sam , McGuire William 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundQuasi‐randomization might expedite recruitment into trials in emergency care settings but may also introduce selection bias.MethodsWe searched the Cochrane Library and other databases for systematic reviews of interventions in emergency medicine or urgent care settings. We assessed selection bias (baseline imbalances) in prognostic indicators between treatment groups in trials using true randomization versus trials using quasi‐randomization.ResultsSeven reviews contained 16 trials that used true randomization and 11 that used quasi‐randomization. Baseline group imbalance was identified in four trials using true randomization (25%) and in two quasi‐randomized trials (18%). Of the four truly randomized trials with imbalance, three concealed treatment allocation adequately. Clinical heterogeneity and poor reporting limited the assessment of trial recruitment outcomes.ConclusionsWe did not find strong or consistent evidence that quasi‐randomization is associated with selection bias more often than true randomization. High risk of bias judgements for quasi‐randomized emergency studies should therefore not be assumed in systematic reviews. Clinical heterogeneity across trials within reviews, coupled with limited availability of relevant trial accrual data, meant it was not possible to adequately explore the possibility that true randomization might result in slower trial recruitment rates, or the recruitment of less representative populations. © 2015 The Authors. Research Synthesis Methods published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of stimulation frequency, amplitude, and impulse width on muscle fatigue
Authors: Behringer Michael , Grützner Sebastian , Montag Johannes , McCourt Molly , Ring Matthias , Mester Joachim 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTIntroduction: We investigated the effect of stimulation intensity (in percent of maximal tolerated stimulation current, mTSC), frequency, and impulse width on muscle fatigue. Methods: Using a randomized crossover design, 6 parameter combinations (80% mTSC, 80 Hz, 400 μs; 60% mTSC, 80 Hz, 400 μs; 80% mTSC, 20 Hz, 400 μs; 60% mTSC, 20 Hz, 400 μs; 80% mTSC, 80 Hz, 150 μs; 60% mTSC, 80 Hz, 150 μs) were tested in both legs of 13 athletic men (age 26 ± 2.3). The slope of the linear regression line over all tetani (FIS) and the number of tetani whose force was above 50% of the initial tetanus (FIN) were used to quantify fatigue. Results: FIS and FIN were significantly lower in high‐frequency protocols. No effects on FIS and FIN were found for intensity and impulse width. Conclusions: Stimulation frequency, but not impulse width or intensity, affected fatigue kinetics. Muscle Nerve 53: 608–616, 2016
A randomized clinical trial of a weight loss maintenance intervention in a primary care population
Authors: Tsai Adam G. , Felton Sue , Wadden Thomas A. , Hosokawa Patrick W. , Hill James O. 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveIn‐person weight loss maintenance visits have been shown to reduce weight regain after initial weight loss. This study examined, in a primary care population, whether in‐person visits plus portion‐controlled meals were more effective in reducing 12‐month weight regain than mailed materials plus portioncontrolled meals.MethodsStudy participants (n = 106) received 6 months of intensive behavioral treatment. Participants who completed this phase (n = 84) were then randomized to continue monthly in‐person visits for weight loss maintenance as well as telephone calls between visits (“intensified maintenance”) or to receive materials by mail (“standard maintenance”). All participants had access to subsidized portion‐controlled foods during the 6‐month run‐in and the 12 months of maintenance. The primary outcome was weight change during the 12 months after randomization.ResultsDuring months 0‐12 after randomization, individuals assigned to standard maintenance regained 5.3% ± 0.8% of body weight, while those assigned to intensified maintenance regained 1.6% ± 1.2% of body weight. The difference between groups (3.7% ± 1.4%) was statistically significant (P = 0.01).ConclusionsIn a primary care population, continued in‐person visits during the weight loss maintenance phase led to greater weight loss than contact by mail.
A randomized trial of nebulized 3% hypertonic saline with salbutamol in the treatment of acute bronchiolitis in hospitalized infants
Authors: Flores Pedro , Mendes Ana Luisa , Neto Ana S. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryObjectiveAcute bronchiolitis is a common disorder of infants that often results in hospitalization. Apart from supportive care, no therapy has been shown to influence the course of the disease, except for a possible effect of nebulized hypertonic saline (HS). To determine whether this does have beneficial effects on length of stay in hospital or on severity scores, we undertook a double‐blind, randomized, controlled trial in a pediatric department of a Portuguese hospital.MethodsPreviously healthy infants, younger than 12 months, hospitalized with mild‐to‐moderate acute viral bronchiolitis were randomized to receive either nebulized 3% (hypertonic, HS) or 0.9% (normal, NS) saline during their entire hospital stay. Primary endpoints were: length of hospital stay and severity scores on each day of hospitalization. Need for supplemental oxygen, further add‐on medications and adverse effects were also analyzed.ResultsSixty‐eight patients completed the study (HS: 33; NS: 35). The median length of hospital stay did not differ between groups: HS: 5.6 ± 2.3 days; NS: 5.4 ± 2.1 days (P = 0.747). We found no difference between groups in severity scores from day 1 to day 4. There were no differences in need for supplemental oxygen or add‐on medications. Patients in HS group had significantly more cough (46% vs. 20%, P = 0.025) and rhinorrhoe (58% vs. 31%, P = 0.30).ConclusionThis study does not support the use of nebulized HS over NS in therapy of hospitalized children with mild‐to‐moderate acute viral bronchiolitis. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:418–425. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lattice dynamics in elemental modulated Sb2Te3 films
Authors: Bessas D. , Winkler M. , Sergueev I. , König J. D. , Böttner H. , Hermann R. P. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe crystallinity and the lattice dynamics in elemental modulated SbTe films are investigated microscopically using high energy synchrotron radiation diffraction combined with Sb nuclear inelastic scattering. The correlation length is found to be finite but less than 100 Å. The element specific density of phonon states is extracted. A comparison with the element specific density of phonon states in bulk SbTe confirms that the main features in the density of phonon states arise from the layered structure. The average speed of sound at , is almost the same compared to bulk SbTe at , . Similarly, the change in the acoustic cut‐off energy is within the experimental detection limit. Thus, we suggest that the lattice thermal conductivity in elemental modulated SbTe films should not be significantly changed from its bulk value.
Excess currents in planar Ba(FeCo)As/TiO/Pb Josephson junctions
Authors: Döring Sebastian , Reifert David , Hasan Noor , Schmidt Stefan , Schmidl Frank , Tympel Volker , Kurth Fritz , Iida Kazumasa , Holzapfel Bernhard , Wolf Thomas , Seidel Paul 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe prepared planar hybrid Josephson junctions using Co‐doped BaFeAs thin films and polished single crystals as base electrode, sputtered, and subsequently oxidized titanium layers as barrier and a counter electrode from evaporated lead. On all junctions, RCSJ‐like current–voltage characteristics could be observed. The obtained products at 4.2 K range up to 95V for thin film junctions and up to 1.15 mV for junctions on single crystals. For most of the junctions, an excess current with variable contribution to the total current could be observed. Unusual temperature dependencies are discussed for the critical and the excess currents, respectively. Investigations of the junctions under microwave irradiation were performed, therein Shapiro steps up to high orders and very clear modulations of the steps could be observed. Additionally, the origin of the excess current is discussed with respect to the microwave dependence. Furthermore, instead of a single junction, a network‐like modulation behavior of the critical current in magnetic fields was observed.
Characteristics analysis of digital image‐plane holographic microscopy
Authors: Zeng Yanan , Chang Xinyu , Lei Hai , Hu Xiaodong , Hu Xiaotang 
Published: September 2015

SummaryWe utilize digital image‐plane holographic microscopy (DIPHM) to achieve the real‐time surface profile measurement of microstructure. The impulse response functions of DIPHM and traditional digital holographic microscopy (DHM) are both derived. The theoretical derivations indicate that the differences between the two techniques are caused by the diffraction effect of the recording plane with a finite size. The diffraction effect would introduce an unstable factor to the wavefront reconstruction. Therefore, the DIPHM has the characteristics of totally full field of view and low measuring noise compared to DHM. In addition, we take DIPHM and DHM in dual‐wavelength mode as a special example to confirm the points above. From both experimental results and theoretical analysis, DIPHM is demonstrated to be an optimized technique with high‐quality imaging, especially benefiting the situation where multi‐wavelength measurement is required. This method is robust against environmental noise. SCANNING 38:288–296, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of Furanyl β‐Diketone‐based Heteroleptic Iridium(III) Complexes and Studies of Their Photo‐Luminescence Properties
Authors: Saha Sukdeb , Rozenberg Illya , Lemcoff N. Gabriel 
Published: September 2015

AbstractFour iridium complexes containing furan moieties were synthesized and characterized. The positioning of the furan unit had a strong effect on the optical properties of the complexes. The synthetic methodologies developed pave the way for the introduction of oligofuran compounds in IrIII heteroleptic complexes for OLED applications.
Ignition, flame structure and near-wall burning in transverse hydrogen jets in supersonic crossflow
Authors: Gamba Mirko , Mungal M. Godfrey 
Published: September 2015

We have investigated the properties of transverse sonic hydrogen jets in high-temperature supersonic crossflow at jet-to-crossflow momentum flux ratios$J$between 0.3 and 5.0. The crossflow was held fixed at a Mach number of 2.4, 1400 K and 40 kPa. Schlieren and$\text{OH}^{\ast }$chemiluminescence imaging were used to investigate the global flame structure, penetration and ignition points;$\text{OH}$planar laser-induced fluorescence imaging over several planes was used to investigate the instantaneous reaction zone. It is found that$J$indirectly controls many of the combustion processes. Two regimes for low (${<}1$) and high (${>}3$)$J$are identified. At low$J$, the flame is lifted and stabilizes in the wake close to the wall possibly by autoignition after some partial premixing occurs; most of the heat release occurs at the wall in regions where$\text{OH}$occurs over broad regions. At high$J$, the flame is anchored at the upstream recirculation region and remains attached to the wall within the boundary layer where$\text{OH}$remains distributed over broad regions; a strong reacting shear layer exists where the flame is organized in thin layers. Stabilization occurs in the upstream recirculation region that forms as a consequence of the strong interaction between the bow shock, the jet and the boundary layer. In general, this interaction – which indirectly depends on$J$because it controls the jet penetration – dominates the fluid dynamic processes and thus stabilization. As a result, the flow field may be characterized by a flame structure characteristic of multiple interacting combustion regimes, from (non-premixed) flamelets to (partially premixed) distributed reaction zones, thus requiring a description based on a multi-regime combustion formulation.