bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence, or the lack thereof, of host phenology, architecture and climate on the occurrence of Udranomia spitzi (Hesperiidae: Lepidoptera)
Authors: Bächtold Alexandra , Lange Denise , Del‐Claro Kleber 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe occurrence of herbivores in nature is limited by biotic and abiotic factors which affect their development and survival. Udranomia spitzi is an endemic butterfly in the Brazilian savanna (cerrado) that feeds on young leaves of two sympatric plants, Ouratea hexasperma and O. spectabilis. It is not known which factors affect the occurrence of larvae on their hosts. Therefore, in this study we: (i) evaluated the oviposition preference of U. spitzi; (ii) evaluated the larval performance in both Ouratea species; (iii) investigated plant phenology; (iv) investigated climate (temperature and rainfall); and (v) investigated plant architecture (measured as plant height) on the abundance of skippers. Results showed that U. spitzi immatures (eggs and larvae) were far more abundant (n = 41, 96.7%) on O. spectabilis, whereas on O. hexasperma, the number of larvae was negligible (n = 1). In the laboratory, U. spitzi performed better on O. spectabilis than on O. hexasperma. The occurrence of larvae was not related to host phenology or environmental variations, but rather to plant height, since 92.7% (n = 38) of larvae were found on small O. spectabilis trees. A previous study showed that U. spitzi was not influenced by biotic factors (aggressive ants) and this study showed that plant structure plays a major role in skipper choice. The preference of U. spitzi for O. spectabilis is discussed.
Interspecific relationship between the Japanese horned beetle and two Japanese stag beetle species
Authors: Hongo Yoshihito 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe Japanese horned beetle Trypoxylus dichotomus septentrionalis and the Japanese stag beetles Lucanus maculifemoratus maculifemoratus and Prosopocoilus inclinatus inclinatus generally occur syntopically and aggregate on oak tree surfaces that exude sap. Securement of these sap sites might be directly linked to male reproductive success. Among the three species, it is likely that males of T. d. septentrionalis are dominant in occupation of feeding sites because of their larger body size. However, there is no clear evidence of this superiority. Moreover, if T. d. septentrionalis is dominant, the mechanism by which the two stag beetle species secure the feeding sites remains unclear. In the present study, I used body mass to compare the body size among males of T. d. septentrionalis, L. m. maculifemoratus and P. i. inclinatus. Further, to clarify the interspecific relationship between the horned beetle and the two stag beetles, I investigated the seasonality of emergence pattern of males at the feeding sites in the field. Comparison of body mass and observation of fighting behavior revealed that males of T. d. septentrionalis have an apparent superiority over males of the two stag beetle species. The seasonal emergence patterns of the two stag beetle species at the feeding sites showed bimodal distributions, and avoided the peak of emergence in T. d. septentrionalis. My results suggest that the two stag beetle species exhibit mate‐securing tactics by emerging at the feeding sites early and late during the breeding season, in order to avoid encountering T. d. septentrionalis.
Can green tea be used to reverse compromised bond strength after bleaching?
Authors: Berger Sandrine B. , De Souza Carreira Renata P. , Guiraldo Ricardo D. , Lopes Murilo B. , Pavan Sabrina , Giannini Marcelo , Bedran‐Russo Ana K. 
Published: June 2013

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effect of green tea on microtensile bond strength (μTBS) to bleached enamel. Forty‐two human third molars were randomly divided into six experimental groups (n = 7 each group): group 1, no treatment; group 2, bleaching (10% carbamide peroxide); group 3, bleaching + 10% sodium ascorbate gel (SA); group 4, bleaching + 10% green tea gel (GT); group 5, SA; and group 6, GT. In groups 2, 3, and 4, bleach was applied onto the enamel surface for 6 h, every day for 14 d. In groups 3 and 5, SA was applied for 1 h; and in groups 4 and 6, GT was applied for 1 h. Immediately after treatment, the specimens were bonded with Adper Single Bond 2 and Filtek Z350 XT. The μTBS of the specimens was tested using a universal testing machine. Fracture mode analysis of the bonded enamel surface was performed using scanning electron microscopy. The mean μTBS values for each group were: group 1, 33.2 ± 5.8 MPa; group 2, 22.6 ± 5.5 MPa; group 3, 30.0 ± 5.2 MPa; group 4, 31.6 ± 3.8 MPa; group 5, 29.1 ± 4.2 MPa; and group 6, 32.2 ± 4.5 MPa. All groups had a higher percentage of mixed failures. In conclusion, green tea can be used as an alternative antioxidant on bleached enamel before bonding procedures.
EEG‐fMRI in atypical benign partial epilepsy
Authors: Moeller Friederike , Moehring Jan , Ick Imke , Steinmann Elisabeth , Wolff Stephan , Jansen Olav , Boor Rainer , Stephani Ulrich , Siniatchkin Michael 
Published: June 2013

SummaryAtypical benign partial epilepsy (ABPE) is a subgroup among the idiopathic focal epilepsies of childhood. Aim of this study was to investigate neuronal networks underlying ABPE and compare the results with previous electroencephalography (EEG)–functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of related epilepsy syndromes. Ten patients with ABPE underwent simultaneous EEG‐fMRI recording. In all 10 patients several types of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) were recorded. Individual IED‐associated blood oxygen level–dependent (BOLD) signal changes were analyzed in a single subject analysis for each IED type (33 studies). A group analysis was also performed to determine common BOLD signal changes across the patients. IED‐associated BOLD signal changes were found in 31 studies. Focal BOLD signal changes concordant with the spike field (21 studies) and distant cortical and subcortical BOLD signal changes (31 studies) were detected. The group analysis revealed a thalamic activation. This study demonstrated that ABPE is characterized by patterns similar to studies in rolandic epilepsy (focal BOLD signal changes in the spike field) as well as patterns observed in continuous spikes and waves during slow sleep (CSWS) (distant BOLD signal changes in cortical and subcortical structures), thereby underscoring that idiopathic focal epilepsies of childhood form a spectrum of overlapping syndromes.
Immediate improvement of motor function after epilepsy surgery in congenital hemiparesis
Authors: Pascoal Tharick , Paglioli Eliseu , Palmini André , Menezes Rafael , Staudt Martin 
Published: June 2013

SummaryHemispherectomy often leads to a loss of contralateral hand function. In some children with congenital hemiparesis, however, paretic hand function remains unchanged. An immediate improvement of hand function has never been reported. A 17‐year‐old boy with congenital hemiparesis and therapy‐refractory seizures due to a large infarction in the territory of the middle cerebral artery underwent epilepsy surgery. Intraoperatively, electrical cortical stimulation of the affected hemisphere demonstrated preserved motor projections from the sensorimotor cortex to the (contralateral) paretic hand. A frontoparietal resection was performed, which included a complete disconnection of all motor projections originating in the sensorimotor cortex of the affected hemisphere. Surprisingly, the paretic hand showed a significant functional improvement immediately after the operation. This observation demonstrates that, in congenital hemiparesis, crossed motor projections from the affected hemisphere are not always beneficial, but can be dysfunctional, interfering with ipsilateral motor control over the paretic hand by the contralesional hemisphere.
Significant postictal hypotension: Expanding the spectrum of seizure‐induced autonomic dysregulation
Authors: Bozorgi Alireza , Chung Stephanie , Kaffashi Farhad , Loparo Kenneth A. , Sahoo Satya , Zhang G. Q. , Kaiboriboon Kitti , Lhatoo Samden D. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryPeriictal autonomic dysregulation is best studied using a “polygraphic” approach: electroencephalography ([EEG]), 3‐channel electrocardiography [ECG], pulse oximetry, respiration, and continuous noninvasive blood pressure [BP]), which may help elucidate agonal pathophysiologic mechanisms leading to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). A number of autonomic phenomena have been described in generalized tonic–clonic seizures (GTCS), the most common seizure type associated with SUDEP, including decreased heart rate variability, cardiac arrhythmias, and changes in skin conductance. Postictal generalized EEG suppression (PGES) has been identified as a potential risk marker of SUDEP, and PGES has been found to correlate with post‐GTCS autonomic dysregulation in some patients. Herein, we describe a patient with a GTCS in whom polygraphic measurements were obtained, including continuous noninvasive blood pressure recordings. Significant postictal hypotension lasting >60 s was found, which closely correlated with PGES duration. Similar EEG changes are well described in hypotensive patients with vasovagal syncope and a similar vasodepressor phenomenon, and consequent cerebral hypoperfusion may account for the PGES observed in some patients after a GTCS. This further raises the possibility that profound, prolonged, and irrecoverable hypotension may comprise one potential SUDEP mechanism.
Do Economists Have a Fatherland? How Global and National Efficiency Considerations Influence Economists’ Policy Judgements
Authors: Jacob Robert , Fetchenhauer Detlef , Christandl Fabian 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
This study evaluates whether economists support economic policies such as free trade because they deem them to be good for their home country or because they increase global welfare. In a telephone survey, 100 German economists were asked to judge different policy proposals dealing with immigration, military exports and climate policy. Our results show that the acceptance of the policy proposals is strongly influenced by national efficiency judgements. In contrast, global efficiency judgements exert no significant positive effect on policy proposal acceptance. These effects even hold for economists who self-reported a global perspective in the assessment of the policy proposals. These judgements might be based on the potentially erroneous assumption that their policy judgements, taken from a national perspective, are consistent with global interests.
Mango wine aroma enhancement by pulp contact and β‐glucosidase
Authors: Li Xiao , Lim Sien Long , Yu Bin , Curran Philip , Liu Shao‐Quan 
Published: June 2013

SummaryThis study determined the influence of pulp maceration and β‐glucosidase on mango wine physico‐chemical properties and volatile profiles. The distinction in pH, sugars and organic acids among different treatments was not statistically significant. All wine samples reached around 8% (v/v) ethanol from about 16% (w/v) of sugars. The wine with pulp contact contained about ten times higher α‐terpinolene and up to three times higher acetate esters than the wine without pulp contact, but mitigated the production of medium‐chain fatty acids and relative ethyl esters by up to six times. β‐glucosidase enhanced terpenols by up to ten times and acetate esters by up to three times. Furthermore, enzyme treatment mitigated, by up to five times, the formation of medium‐chain fatty acids and ethyl esters to moderate levels. Sensory evaluation showed pulp contact, and β‐glucosidase not only improved the intensity and complexity of wine aroma but balanced odour attributes.
Innate and adaptive immune responses in neurodegeneration and repair
Authors: Amor Sandra , Woodroofe M. Nicola 
Published: June 2013

SummaryEmerging evidence suggests important roles of the innate and adaptive immune responses in the central nervous system (CNS) in neurodegenerative diseases. In this special review issue, five leading researchers discuss the evidence for the beneficial as well as the detrimental impact of the immune system in the CNS in disorders including Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis and CNS injury. Several common pathological mechanisms emerge indicating that these pathways could provide important targets for manipulating the immune reposes in neurodegenerative disorders. The articles highlight the role of the traditional resident immune cell of the CNS ‐ the microglia ‐ as well as the role of other glia astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in immune responses and their interplay with other immune cells including, mast cells, T cells and B cells. Future research should lead to new discoveries which highlight targets for therapeutic interventions which may be applicable to a range of neurodegenerative diseases.
Household Consumption through Recent Recessions*
Authors: Crossley Thomas F. , Low Hamish , O'Dea Cormac 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis paper examines trends in household consumption and saving behaviour in each of the last three recessions in the UK. The ‘Great Recession’ has been different from those that occurred in the 1980s and 1990s. It has been both deeper and longer, but also the composition of the cutbacks in consumption expenditures differs, with a greater reliance on cuts to nondurable expenditure than was seen in previous recessions, and the distributional pattern across individuals differs. The young have cut back expenditure more than the old, as have mortgage holders compared with renters. By contrast, the impact of the recession has been similar across education groups. We present evidence that suggests that two aspects of fiscal policy in the UK in 2008 and 2009 – the temporary reduction in the rate of VAT and a car scrappage scheme – had some success in encouraging households to increase durable purchases.
Effectiveness of low‐dose milnacipran for a patient suffering from pain disorder with delusional disorder (somatic type) in the orofacial region
Authors: Ukai Katsuyuki , Kimura Hiroyuki , Arao Munetaka , Aleksic Branko , Yamauchi Aya , Ishihara Ryoko , Iritani Shuji , Kurita Kenichi , Ozaki Norio 
Published: June 2013

AbstractGlossodynia is chronic pain localized around the tongue, with no perceivable organic abnormalities. In the fields of oral and maxillofacial surgery, it is categorized as an oral psychosomatic disease. In contrast, psychiatric nosology classifies glossodynia as a pain disorder among somatoform disorders, per the DSM‐IV. The patient was a 71‐year‐old woman who developed symptoms of glossodynia, specifically a sore tongue. In the decade before she presented to us, she had had bizarre symptoms of oral cenesthopathy such as the sensation that her teeth had become ‘limp and floppy’ and that she needles in her mouth. Treatment was attempted using several psychotropic drugs, but no satisfactory response was noted. Because the patient was referred to our outpatient clinic, we tried psychotropic therapy again. Additionally, valproic acid, tandospirone and sertraline were administered (in this order), but the patient still showed no response. However, when sertraline was changed to milnacipran, all symptoms disappeared in a short period. We suggest that a small dose of milnacipran can be effective for controlling oral cenesthopathy as well as glossodynia.
Synthesis and Characterization of Eu3+‐Doped Transparent Glass–ceramics Containing Nanocrystalline SrIINbIVO3
Authors: Gangadharini Upender , Molla Atiar Rahaman , Tarafder Anal , Karmakar Basudeb 
Published: June 2013

The glass–ceramics containing a rarely achievable nanocrystalline SrIINbIVO3 phase in the 53.75SiO2–18.25K2O–9Bi2O3–9SrO–9Nb2O5–0.5CeO2–0.5Eu2O3 (mol%) glass system were prepared by the melt‐quench technique followed by a two‐stage controlled heat treatment. The unusual oxidation state of Nb in SrIINbIVO3 crystal is 4+ and upon heat treatment of the samples at lower temperature of 500°C for several hours, the glass composition and chemical environment around Nb ions played a key role for the formation of SrIINbIVO3 in the glass–ceramics. The microstructure of the glass–ceramics was studied using TEM and FESEM. The TEM images advocate 10–40 nm crystallite size of SrIINbIVO3. FTIR study confirms that all the samples consist of SiO4, BiO3, BiO6, and NbO6 structural units. The refractive index at different wavelengths was found to vary in the range 1.7105–1.7905 and increase with increase in heat‐treatment time. The luminescence spectra of Eu3+‐doped glass and glass–ceramics were recorded at 465 nm excitation wavelength and the luminescence intensity is found to be increased with heat‐treatment time due to increase in crystallinity. The high intensity ratio of 5D0→7F2 to 5D0→7F1 indicates that the Eu3+‐doped nanocrystalline SrIINbIVO3 glass–ceramics are promising candidate materials as red‐light source.
Impact pattern of dialectical thinking on perceived leadership training outcomes
Authors: Tong Jiajin , Yao Xiang , Lu Zhixin , Wang Lei 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis research examined the impact of dialectical thinking (DT) on perceived training outcomes in commercial leadership training using a quasi‐experimental design. Study 1 found that high‐DT individuals had better perceived on‐site training outcomes when compared with individuals with low DTs, regardless of training methods. But there was no significant difference between low and high DTs on subsequent behavioral improvements. It was also found that self‐reported training outcomes were consistent with others' observation. To further validate the on‐site effect of DT, we introduced a cognitive style manipulation prior to training to increase DT levels among trainees in Study 2. Individuals following the cognitive style manipulation reported significantly better perceived training outcomes. The implications of this research for field training are discussed.
Renal Sympathetic Denervation as an Adjunct to Catheter Ablation for the Treatment of Ventricular Electrical Storm in the Setting of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: HOFFMANN BORIS A. , STEVEN DANIEL , WILLEMS STEPHAN , SYDOW KARSTEN 
Published: June 2013

Renal Denervation in Ischemic Ventricular Storm We present a case of ventricular storm (VS) in a patient with acute ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). After initial successful thrombus extraction and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of the proximal left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery, a 63‐year‐old male patient showed recurrent monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) and fibrillation (VF) episodes refractory to antiarrhythmic drug therapy. After initial successful VT ablation, fast VT and VF episodes remained an evident problem despite maximum antiarrhythmic drug therapy. Due to an increasing instability, renal sympathetic denervation (RDN) was performed. ICD interrogation and 24‐hour Holter monitoring excluded recurrent episodes of VT or VF at a 6‐month follow‐up (FU) after discharge. This case highlights that RDN was effective and safely performed in a hemodynamically unstable patient with VS after STEMI and adjunct catheter ablation. RDN may open a new avenue for an adjunctive interventional bailout treatment of such highly challenging patients.
The Gray Institute ‘open’ high‐content, fluorescence lifetime microscopes
Authors: BARBER P.R. , TULLIS I.D.C. , PIERCE G.P. , NEWMAN R.G. , PRENTICE J. , ROWLEY M.I. , MATTHEWS D.R. , AMEER‐BEG S.M. , VOJNOVIC B. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryWe describe a microscopy design methodology and details of microscopes built to this ‘open’ design approach. These demonstrate the first implementation of time‐domain fluorescence microscopy in a flexible automated platform with the ability to ease the transition of this and other advanced microscopy techniques from development to use in routine biology applications. This approach allows easy expansion and modification of the platform capabilities, as it moves away from the use of a commercial, monolithic, microscope body to small, commercial off‐the‐shelf and custom made modular components. Drawings and diagrams of our microscopes have been made available under an open license for noncommercial use at http://users.ox.ac.uk/~atdgroup. Several automated high‐content fluorescence microscope implementations have been constructed with this design framework and optimized for specific applications with multiwell plates and tissue microarrays. In particular, three platforms incorporate time‐domain FLIM via time‐correlated single photon counting in an automated fashion. We also present data from experiments performed on these platforms highlighting their automated wide‐field and laser scanning capabilities designed for high‐content microscopy. Devices using these designs also form radiation‐beam ‘end‐stations’ at Oxford and Surrey Universities, showing the versatility and extendibility of this approach.
CORRUPTION'S DIRECT EFFECTS ON PER‐CAPITA INCOME GROWTH: A META‐ANALYSIS
Authors: Ugur Mehmet 
Published: June 2013

AbstractCorruption is a symptom of weak institutional quality and could have potentially adverse effects on economic growth. However, heterogeneity in reported findings makes it difficult to synthesize the evidence base with a view to test competing hypotheses and/or support evidence‐based policy and practice. To address this issue, we have extracted 327 estimates of corruption's direct effect on per‐capita GDP growth from 29 primary studies, following a peer‐reviewed and pre‐published systematic review protocol. Precision‐effect and funnel asymmetry tests indicate that corruption has a negative effect on per‐capita GDP growth after controlling for publication selection bias and within‐study dependence. However, multivariate meta‐regression analysis results indicate that the overall effect is not robust to inclusion of moderating variables through a general‐to‐specific procedure for model specification. We report that the marginal effect of corruption on per‐capita GDP growth is more adverse when the primary study estimates relate to long‐run growth, are based on low‐income‐country data only, and extracted from journal papers. The effect is less adverse in studies that use the International Country Risk Guide corruption perceptions index and in those reporting estimates from two‐stage least‐squares estimations.
Fracture Resistance of Manually and CAD/CAM Manufactured Ceramic Onlays
Authors: Yildiz Coskun , Vanlıoğlu Burcin Akoglu , Evren Buket , Uludamar Altay , Kulak‐Ozkan Yasemin 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPurposeThis in vitro study aimed to evaluate fracture resistance in lithium disilicate onlays fabricated with IPS e.max Press and IPS e.max CAD systems and luted with different adhesive cements.Material and MethodsFifty maxillary first molars were prepared using a mesio‐occluso‐disto‐lingual onlay cavity model. Ten onlays from each group were cemented using etch‐and‐rinse adhesives and high‐viscosity composite resin cement, and 10 were cemented with self‐adhesive, dual‐curing universal resin cement. Fracture resistance was measured.ResultsSignificant differences were observed between resin cements (p < 0.05) and between materials (p < 0.05), but the interaction of these variables did not produce a significant difference. The fracture resistance of pressable ceramics was significantly higher than that of CAD/CAM onlays (p < 0.05), and Syntac Variolink was significantly higher than that of Multilink Sprint (p < 0.05).ConclusionAll groups showed clinically acceptable fracture strength results. According to the study, both the onlay fabrication system and adhesive cements can be a viable treatment option.