bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Androgen deprivation therapy's impact on the mood of prostate cancer patients as perceived by patients and the partners of patients
Authors: Van Dam Dexter , Wassersug Richard J. , Hamilton Lisa Dawn 
Published: September 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the relationship between of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and the mood of prostate cancer (PCa) patients and partners of PCa patients.MethodsPCa patients (n = 295) and partners of patients (n = 84) completed an online survey assessing the patients' current mood and mood prior to treatment, relationship adjustment, and sexual function. We compared men on ADT to men who received non‐hormonal treatments for their PCa.ResultsPatients currently treated with ADT (n = 82) reported worsened mood as measured by the Profile of Mood States compared to those not on ADT (n = 213). The negative impact of ADT on mood, however, was reduced in older patients. Partners of patients on ADT (n = 42) reported similar declines in the patient's mood that patients reported, but to a greater degree than patient‐reported levels.ConclusionsOur data support ADT's impact on PCa patients' mood and verify that partners concurrently see the effects. The psychological changes related to ADT can impact relationships and affect the quality of life of both PCa patients and partners. Patients and their partners are likely to benefit from being well informed about the psychological effects of androgen deprivation on men beginning ADT. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Use of Evolutionary Trajectories to Guide ‘Moving Targets’ in the Management of River Futures
Authors: Brierley G. J. , Fryirs K. A. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractRiver histories provide important guidance with which to inform river management. Evolutionary trajectories and appraisals of system responses to changing flux conditions and disturbance events can be used to determine the range of potential future states and associated behavioural regimes, assessing the likelihood that that these states will be attained over a given timeframe. In these analyses, natural or historical reference reaches may not provide a realistic basis to set target conditions for management actions, as what has gone before does not necessarily provide a complete and reliable picture of prospective future conditions. This paper outlines the use of a conceptual tool, the river evolution diagram, as a geomorphic platform to assess river history and the potential range of river futures for any given system. Evolutionary adjustments of a sand bed river in southeastern Australia are used to demonstrate the application of this approach. Applying adaptive management principles, ‘moving targets’ for river management are framed in relation to the range of likely future states and trajectories of adjustment. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mononuclear 1,3‐Dideazaadenine‐AgI‐Thyminate Base Pairs
Authors: Litau Stefanie , Müller Jens 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWhen incorporating a single mispair of 1,3‐dideazaadenine (D) and thymine (T) into a regular B‐DNA duplex, a mononuclear AgI‐mediated D‐AgI‐T base pair is formed upon the addition of AgNO3. The nuclearity of this base pair deviates from that of the previously stablished dinuclear D‐AgI2‐T base pair. Apparently, the geometrical constraints imposed by the surrounding canonicalbase pairs do not allow the incorporation of a second AgI, as the resulting dinuclear D‐AgI2‐T base pair would deviate significantly from planarity. This study demonstrates the importance of neighboring canonical base pairs not only on the stability but also on the identity of an artificial metal‐mediated base pair.
Synthesis, Structure and Magnetic Properties of a MnII Framework Assembled by Two Carboxylate Ligands
Authors: Li Xiaofang , Wu Shuang , Liang Yuning , Chen Zilu 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe 3D framework [Mn3(CH3COO)2(HCOO)4]n·nDMF (1) was obtained from the assembly of MnII ions with acetate and the in‐situ generated formate ligands. It features Mn‐centered MnMn4 tetrahedral nodes, each of which is linked to another four ones by sharing the apexes to form the 3D framework of 1. Each of the acetate and formate ligands behaves as a syn‐syn:anti bridge to link two apical MnII ions and the central MnII ion. The magnetic measurement of 1 revealed the coexistence of spin‐canted antiferromagnetism and metamagnetism. It represents a typical example to synergistically use two kinds of carboxylate ligands to construct metal‐organic frameworks, as well as to tune the structure and magnetic properties of the aimed complex.
Large‐scale population genetics of the mountain ant Proformica longiseta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: Sanllorente Olivia , Ruano Francisca , Tinaut Alberto 
Published: September 2015

AbstractProformica longiseta Collingwood is an endemic ant found in southeastern Spain that inhabits high mountains and is widespread within an altitude range. We have studied the population genetics and biogeography of 14 populations of P. longiseta throughout its distribution using microsatellites and mitochondrial data. Populations are strongly structured for both markers and show isolation by distance, which together with the absence of intra‐population variation in mitochondrial DNA suggest strong female philopatry and limited male dispersal. In spite of this, no recent bottlenecks or inbreeding were detected. Finally, we report on a population currently located where it did not exist 14 years ago, above the usual altitudinal limit known for the species, which may be due to recent colonization enhanced by global warming.
Metabolic profiling as a tool for prioritizing antimicrobial compounds
Authors: Wu Changsheng , Choi Young Hae , van Wezel Gilles P 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Metabolomics is an analytical technique that allows scientists to globally profile low molecular weight metabolites between samples in a medium- or high-throughput environment. Different biological samples are statistically analyzed and correlated to a bioactivity of interest, highlighting differentially produced compounds as potential biomarkers. Here, we review NMR- and MS-based metabolomics as technologies to facilitate the identification of novel antimicrobial natural products from microbial sources. Approaches to elicit the production of poorly expressed (cryptic) molecules are thereby a key to allow statistical analysis of samples to identify bioactive markers, while connection of compounds to their biosynthetic gene cluster is a determining step in elucidating the biosynthetic pathway and allows downstream process optimization and upscaling. The review focuses on approaches built around NMR-based metabolomics, which enables efficient dereplication and guided fractionation of (antimicrobial) compounds.
Increased valinomycin production in mutants of Streptomyces sp. M10 defective in bafilomycin biosynthesis and branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase complex expression
Authors: Lee Dong Wan , Ng Bee Gek , Kim Beom Seok 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Streptomyces sp. M10 is a valinomycin-producing bacterial strain that shows potent bioactivity against Botrytis blight of cucumber plants. During studies to increase the yield of valinomycin (a cyclododecadepsipeptide) in strain M10, additional antifungal metabolites, including bafilomycin derivatives (macrolide antibiotics), were identified. To examine the effect of bafilomycin biosynthesis on valinomycin production, the bafilomycin biosynthetic gene cluster was cloned from the genome of strain M10, as were two branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCDH) gene clusters related to precursor supply for bafilomycin biosynthesis. A null mutant (M10bafm) of one bafilomycin biosynthetic gene (bafV) failed to produce bafilomycin, but resulted in a 1.2- to 1.5-fold increase in the amount of valinomycin produced. In another null mutant (M10bkdFm) of a gene encoding a subunit of the BCDH complex (bkdF), bafilomycin production was completely abolished and valinomycin production increased fourfold relative to that in the wild-type M10 strain. The higher valinomycin yield was likely the result of redistribution of the metabolic flux from bafilomycin to valinomycin biosynthesis, because the two antibiotics share a common precursor, 2-ketoisovaleric acid, a deamination product of valine. The results show that directing precursor flux toward active ingredient biosynthesis could be used as a prospective tool to increase the competence of biofungicides.
Beyond a diagnosis: The experience of depression among clinically‐referred adolescents
Authors: Midgley Nick , Parkinson Sally , Holmes Josh , Stapley Emily , Eatough Virginia , Target Mary 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPolicy‐makers have identified an urgent need to improve our ability to detect and diagnose depression in adolescents. This study aims to explore the lived experience of depression in clinically referred adolescents. 77 adolescents, aged between 11 and 17 with moderate to severe depression, were interviewed as part of a randomised controlled trial, using the Expectations of Therapy Interview. Data were analysed qualitatively using framework analysis, with a focus on how the adolescents spoke about their depression. The study identified five themes: 1) Misery, despair and tears; 2) Anger and violence towards self and others; 3) A bleak view of everything; 4) Isolation and cutting off from the world; and 5) The impact on education. Researchers and policy‐makers need to develop an understanding of depression grounded in the experiences of adolescents to improve detection and diagnosis of depression.
Blast traumatic brain injury–induced cognitive deficits are attenuated by preinjury or postinjury treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, exendin‐4
Authors: Tweedie David , Rachmany Lital , Rubovitch Vardit , Li Yazhou , Holloway Harold W. , Lehrmann Elin , Zhang Yongqing , Becker Kevin G. , Perez Evelyn , Hoffer Barry J. , Pick Chaim G. , Greig Nigel H. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIntroductionBlast traumatic brain injury (B‐TBI) affects military and civilian personnel. Presently, there are no approved drugs for blast brain injury.MethodsExendin‐4 (Ex‐4), administered subcutaneously, was evaluated as a pretreatment (48 hours) and postinjury treatment (2 hours) on neurodegeneration, behaviors, and gene expressions in a murine open field model of blast injury.ResultsB‐TBI induced neurodegeneration, changes in cognition, and genes expressions linked to dementia disorders. Ex‐4, administered preinjury or postinjury, ameliorated B‐TBI–induced neurodegeneration at 72 hours, memory deficits from days 7–14, and attenuated genes regulated by blast at day 14 postinjury.DiscussionThe present data suggest shared pathologic processes between concussive and B‐TBI, with end points amenable to beneficial therapeutic manipulation by Ex‐4. B‐TBI–induced dementia‐related gene pathways and cognitive deficits in mice somewhat parallel epidemiologic studies of Barnes et al. who identified a greater risk in US military veterans who experienced diverse TBIs, for dementia in later life.
Multisite assessment of NIA‐AA guidelines for the neuropathologic evaluation of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Montine Thomas J. , Monsell Sarah E. , Beach Thomas G. , Bigio Eileen H. , Bu Yunqi , Cairns Nigel J. , Frosch Matthew , Henriksen Jonathan , Kofler Julia , Kukull Walter A. , Lee Edward B. , Nelson Peter T. , Schantz Aimee M. , Schneider Julie A. , Sonnen Joshua A. , Trojanowski John Q. , Vinters Harry V. , Zhou Xiao‐Hua , Hyman Bradley T. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIntroductionNeuropathologic assessment is the current “gold standard” for evaluating the Alzheimer's disease (AD), but there is no consensus on the methods used.MethodsFifteen unstained slides (8 brain regions) from each of the 14 cases were prepared and distributed to 10 different National Institute on Aging AD Centers for application of usual staining and evaluation following recently revised guidelines for AD neuropathologic change.ResultsCurrent practice used in the AD Centers Program achieved robustly excellent agreement for the severity score for AD neuropathologic change (average weighted κ = .88, 95% confidence interval: 0.77–0.95) and good‐to‐excellent agreement for the three supporting scores. Some improvement was observed with consensus evaluation but not with central staining of slides. Evaluation of glass slides and digitally prepared whole‐slide images was comparable.DiscussionAD neuropathologic evaluation as performed across AD Centers yields data that have high agreement with potential modifications for modest improvements.
Efficacy of bilateral thoracoscopic sympathectomy in a patient with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
Authors: Okajima Katsunori , Kiuchi Kunihiko , Yokoi Kiminobu , Teranishi Jin , Aoki Kosuke , Shimane Akira , Nakamura Yoshihide , Kimura Motoko , Horikawa Yoshio , Yoshida Masato , Maniwa Yoshimasa 
Published: August 2015

AbstractA 27‐year‐old woman with frequent implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) shocks related to catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) experienced aborted sudden death due to incessant polymorphic VT despite the administration of beta‐blockers, verapamil, and flecainide. Catheter ablation failed to suppress the polymorphic VT. Based on the temporary efficacy of the local anesthetic administered at the left and right cervical sympathetic nerves to suppress VT under an isoproterenol infusion, stepwise, bilateral thoracoscopic sympathectomy was performed. Postoperatively, no further VT or syncopal episodes were documented under ICD telemetry. Bilateral thoracoscopic sympathectomy may be an alternative for patients with drug‐refractory catecholaminergic polymorphic VT.
Regional Nerve Blocks For Hip and Femoral Neck Fractures in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ritcey Brandon , Pageau Paul , Woo Michael Y. , Perry Jeffrey J. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractObjectivesHip and femoral neck fractures are common in elderly patients, who are at an increased risk of complications if their pain is suboptimally managed. This systematic review seeks to determine if regional nerve blocks reduce pain, reduce the need for parenteral opiates, and reduce complications, compared to standard pain management with opiates, acetaminophen, or NSAIDs.Data sourcesSystematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials found 401 articles, of which nine were selected for inclusion.Study selectionRandomized controlled trials including adult patients with a hip or femoral neck fracture (Population) who had a 3-in-1 femoral nerve block, traditional femoral nerve block, or fascia iliaca compartment block performed preoperatively (Intervention). Comparison must have been made with standard pain management with opiates, acetaminophen, or NSAIDs (Comparison) and outcomes must have included pain score reduction (Outcome).Data synthesisEight out of nine studies concluded pain scores were improved with the regional nerve block compared to standard pain management. A significant reduction in parenteral opiate use was seen in five out of six studies. No patients suffered life-threatening complications related to the nerve block; however, more minor complications were under-reported. Most of the studies were at a moderate to high risk of bias.ConclusionsRegional nerve blocks for hip and femoral neck fractures have a benefit in reducing pain and the need for IV opiates. The use of these blocks can be recommended for these patients. Further high-quality randomized controlled trials are required.
Cerebral Vasospasm: A Review
Authors: Findlay J. Max , Nisar Joshua , Darsaut Tim 
Published: September 2015

AbstractCerebral vasospasm is a prolonged but reversible narrowing of cerebral arteries beginning days after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Progression to cerebral ischemia is tied mostly to vasospasm severity, and its pathogenesis lies in artery encasement by blood clot, although the complex interactions between hematoma and surrounding structures are not fully understood. The delayed onset of vasospasm provides a potential opportunity for its prevention. It is disappointing that recent randomized, controlled trials did not demonstrate that the endothelin antagonist clazosentan, the cholesterol-lowering agent simvastatin, and the vasodilator magnesium sulfate improve patient outcome. Minimizing ischemia by avoiding inadequate blood volume and pressure, administering the calcium antagonist nimodipine, and intervention with balloon angioplasty, when necessary, constitutes current best management. Over the past two decades, our ability to manage vasospasm has led to a significant decline in patient morbidity and mortality from vasospasm, yet it still remains an important determinant of outcome after aneurysm rupture.
Significance of Non-phase Locked Oscillatory Brain Activity in Response to Noxious Stimuli
Authors: Dufort Rouleau Raphaël , Lagrandeur Lydia , Daigle Kathya , Lorrain Dominique , Léonard Guillaume , Whittingstall Kevin , Goffaux Philippe 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackground: Although current pain-evoked electroencephalographic (EEG) studies provide valuable information regarding human brain regions involved in pain, they have mostly considered neuronal responses which oscillate in phase following a painful event. In many instances, cortical neurons respond by generating bursts of activity that are slightly out of phase from trial-to-trial. These types of activity bursts are known as induced brain responses. The significance of induced brain responses to pain is still unknown. Methods: In this study, 23 healthy subjects were given both non-painful and painful transcutaneous electrical stimulations in separate testing blocks (stimulation strength was kept constant within blocks). Subjective intensity was rated using a numerical rating scale, while cerebral activity tied to each stimulation was measured using EEG recordings. Induced brain responses were identified using a time frequency wavelet transform applied to average-removed single trials. Results: Results showed a pain-specific burst of induced theta activity occurring between 180 and 500 ms post-shock onset. Source current density estimations located this activity within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC, bilaterally), however, only right DLPFC activity predicted a decrease in subjective pain as testing progressed. Conclusion: This finding suggests that non-phase locked neuronal responses in the right DLPFC contribute to the endogenous attenuation of pain through time. Perspective: This article presents neuroimaging findings demonstrating that, in response to pain, non-phase locked bursts of theta activity located in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex are associated with a progressive decrease in subjective pain intensity, which has potentially important implications regarding how humans endogenously control their experiences of pain.
Black Power on the Telly: America, Television, and Race in 1960s and 1970s Britain
Authors: Waters Rob 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis paper proposes the importance of television, the televisation of US and British race politics, and the framing of “Black Power” in this television coverage, for race politics in Britain in the late 1960s and early 1970s. British politics and culture was “re-racialized” in the postwar era, and television, for white and black Britons, became a site of racial knowledge, racial identification, and racial dislocation. The rise of television as a central medium of everyday life saw it emerge, too, as a central site for the imagination of community. As critics have long noted, the community imagined in British television programming of this era was overwhelmingly white, and black people were featured most often only as a marker of social difference or social “problems.” Many black Britons, excluded from the national “everyday” as it was constituted on television, and facing increasing institutional and interpersonal racism in daily life, found in coverage of the burgeoning black liberation movements of the United States a useable politics through which to articulate new sites of identification, community, and solidarity. For others, though, coverage of race politics in the United States could be a source of anxiety and alarm. The televisation of US race politics was central to the growth of cultures and politics of radical blackness in Britain, but it also reconstituted the politics of white racism, recasting blackness in Britain as a sign of violence and impending social disorder.
Effects of a quercetin-rich onion skin extract on 24 h ambulatory blood pressure and endothelial function in overweight-to-obese patients with (pre-)hypertension: a randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled cross-over trial
Authors: Brüll Verena , Burak Constanze , Stoffel-Wagner Birgit , Wolffram Siegfried , Nickenig Georg , Müller Cornelius , Langguth Peter , Alteheld Birgit , Fimmers Rolf , Naaf Stefanie , Zimmermann Benno F. , Stehle Peter , Egert Sarah 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe polyphenol quercetin may prevent CVD due to its antihypertensive and vasorelaxant properties. We investigated the effects of quercetin after regular intake on blood pressure (BP) in overweight-to-obese patients with pre-hypertension and stage I hypertension. In addition, the potential mechanisms responsible for the hypothesised effect of quercetin on BP were explored. Subjects (n70) were randomised to receive 162 mg/d quercetin from onion skin extract powder or placebo in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled cross-over trial with 6-week treatment periods separated by a 6-week washout period. Before and after the intervention, ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and office BP were measured; urine and blood samples were collected; and endothelial function was measured by EndoPAT technology. In the total group, quercetin did not significantly affect 24 h ABP parameters and office BP. In the subgroup of hypertensives, quercetin decreased 24 h systolic BP by −3·6 mmHg (P=0·022) when compared with placebo (mean treatment difference, −3·9 mmHg;P=0·049). In addition, quercetin significantly decreased day-time and night-time systolic BP in hypertensives, but without a significant effect in inter-group comparison. In the total group and also in the subgroup of hypertensives, vasoactive biomarkers including endothelin-1, soluble endothelial-derived adhesion molecules, asymmetric dimethylarginine, angiotensin-converting enzyme activity, endothelial function, parameters of oxidation, inflammation, lipid and glucose metabolism were not affected by quercetin. In conclusion, supplementation with 162 mg/d quercetin from onion skin extract lowers ABP in patients with hypertension, suggesting a cardioprotective effect of quercetin. The mechanisms responsible for the BP-lowering effect remain unclear.