bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Choroidal detachment in post trabeculectomy patients in an asian tertiary eye centre
Authors: XU YP , YIP WLL , YONG KYV , LIM BA , WONG HT , GAN N 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose The aim of this study is to identify risk factors that lead to choroidal effusion in post trabeculectomy patients.Methods The clinical notes of all patients who developed choroidal detachment after trabeculectomy for glaucoma between 2000 to 2011 in a tertiary institution were reviewed. Potential risk factors including glaucoma subtype, intraoperative complications, ischemic risk factors, use of anti‐metabolites and post‐operative procedures were analysed as potential risk factors.Results Twenty‐three subjects developed post‐trabeculectomy choroidal detachments. The mean age was 70.8 +/‐ 12 years (range 38 to 86 years old). 17 out of the 23 choroidal detachments were male patients. The most common subtype of glaucoma associated with choroidal detachment was primary open angle glaucoma. 2 patients (8.7%) developed choroidal detachments within 1 week post‐operatively. The hypotony lasted 2 weeks to 48 months with 4 patients (17.4%) requiring revision of the bleb. All patients had adjunctive anti‐metabolites used, with MMC used in 22 cases and 5FU used in 1. 4 patients (17.4%) had diabetes, 6 (26.0%) had hyperlipidemia, 11 (47.8%) had hypertension and 2 (8.7%) were smokers. The mean final visual outcome was 0.30 on the logMAR scale.Conclusion All patients had good visual outcomes. Of the factors analysed, use of anti‐metabolites was the only one found to be associated with development of choroidal detachment post‐trabeculectomy. Vast majority of choroidal detachments occur beyond 2 weeks after surgery and clinicians should continue to monitor these patients carefully.
Efficacy and safety of anti TNFα in non‐infectious uveitis: a multi‐center retrospective study
Authors: BIDAUT GARNIER M , VALLET H , SEVE P , HERON E , PERLAT A , TIEULIE N , PERARD L , LEHOANG P , SAADOUN D , BODAGHI B 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose TNF‐α inhibitors have been used over the last few years in noninfectious uveitis refractory to traditional immunosuppressive agents, with promising results. However, in the literature, TNF‐α blockers have mostly been studied in uncontrolled trials, or case‐series with small effectives. The purpose was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anti TNF‐α in a larger effective of patients.Methods Evolution of noninfectious uveitis in patients treated with anti TNF‐α agents was retrospectively reviewed, for subjects managed of between July 2001 and June 2013 in ten French departments of ophthalmology. Ocular inflammation, dosage of prednisone were the main criteria for efficacy.Results We included 162 patients. Uveitis was bilateral in 82%, panuveitis in 62%, with retinal vasculitis in35% and macular edema in54% of cases. Anti TNFα (infliximab 57%, adalimumab 40%, etanercept 3%) were introduced in case of non‐response to immunosuppressives in 88%. Median duration of treatment was 18 months [8‐33] and median follow up, 27 months [8‐53]. Complete or partial response was reported in 93.2% of subjects at 1 month. Mean dose of prednisone was significantly reduced after 6 and 12 months of treatment (n=101 ; 15mg [6‐47,5] at introduction vs 10mg [8‐15] at 6 months and 9mg [5‐15] at 12 months; p<0,0001). Side effects were observed in 32 patients (n=130; 25%); they were severe in 3 cases (1 lymph node tuberculosis and 2 angioedema). Side effects came from infliximab rather than adalimumab (p<0.001).Conclusion TNF‐α blockers seem to be safe and effective in reducing inflammation with further tapering of corticosteroids, in severe cases of noninfectious uveitis.
Comparative immunological study of of lamellar and penetrating keratoplasty in murine model
Authors: LEE HS , CHOI MINY , JOO CHOUN 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Lamellar keratoplasty (LK) has been considered an acceptable alternative surgery for penetrating keratoplasty (PKP), because LK has the advantage of lower risk of graft rejection and intraocular complications, according to recent clinical outcomes. But the relative immunological mechanism of graft rejections for the two procedures is uncertain. We have developed a murine model of lamellar keratoplasty to try to understand the immunological mechanisms of those two procedures.Methods We have developed a murine model of lamellar keratoplasty to try to understand the immunological mechanisms of those two procedures through real‐time PCR, immunohistochenistry, and flow cytometric analysis.Results LK mice showed less graft rejection than PK mice and LK led to less DTH response and IFN‐γsecretion in vitro recall assay of T cells from drainage lymph nodes, as compared to PK (acceptance; acc). Corneal expression of IL‐1β and IFN‐γ in PKacc were significantly increased later. In addition, LK showed less angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in grafted cornea than PK, and LK led to decreased number of MHCIIhighCD11c+ antigen presenting cells(APCs) in the draining LNs.Conclusion In conclusion, these results show that LK presents less graft rejection than PK through lower angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, which could make pathologic T cells and APC less migration into drainage LNs and grafted corneas, respectively.
Comparative analysis of two ocular endothelial cells
Authors: MAMMADZADA P , GUDMUNDSSON J , KVANTA A , ANDRE H 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose In the eye, angiogenesis is associated with many pathological conditions. Retinal and choroidal endothelial cells (RE and CE cells) are the main cellular components of ocular angiogenesis. It is widely accepted that endothelial cells (EC) from different vascular beds show heterogeneity. Comparative study of RE and CE cells can lead to deeper understanding of the mechanisms through which EC become activated to undergo pathologic behaviors. Therefore, the goal of the study was isolation, cell culturing, and characterization of human CE and RE cells, and comparative analysis of these two cell lines.Methods Human consented‐donor eyes were used for preparation of CE and RE cell cultures. The posterior segment of these eyes was microdissected into isolated tissues (retina and choroid). Isolation of RE and CE cells from these tissues was achieved by positive selection of endothelium by targeting CD31. Characterization of RE and CE cells was performed by immunostaining for EC specific markers (CD31, isolectin, and acetylated‐LDL uptake). Further analysis is achieved by qPCR.Results Endothelial cells from the retina and the choroid have been specifically isolated and displayed high endothelial cell‐type purity. Both RE and CE cell cultures displayed positive staining for CD31 and isolectin, as well as acetylated‐LDL uptake; positive staining was confirmed to 100% of the cultured cells. Differences between RE and CE cells was not clear upon IF microscopy. Initial qPCR analysis has shown discreet variations between RE and CE cells.Conclusion RE and CE cells exhibit similar morphologies and staining patterns for the specific endothelial cell markers studied. Extensive comparative analysis of these two ocular EC‐lines is undergoing by a series of qPCR arrays.
Exogenous regulation of the HIF pathway in RPE cells
Authors: ANDRE H , EKSTROM M , TAKEI A , MA Y , KVANTA A 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To investigate the effects of a series of hypoxia‐inducible factors (HIF)‐regulating molecules (HRM) on the hypoxia pathway in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, critically involved in neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (nAMD) pathogenesis.Methods ARPE‐19 cells were transfected with plasmids encoding FLAG‐tagged HRM, as well as HIF‐1α and HIF‐2α. Effects of HMR on ARPE‐19 were analyzed by a luciferase reporter assay (DLR), Western blot, and soluble vascular endothelial factor (VEGF)‐capture assay. Effects on endothelial cells (EC) were studied by exposing HUVEC cells to ARPE‐19 pre‐conditioned media after transfection with particular HRM.Results The DLR denoted a marked negative regulation of HIF‐1α activity in ARPE‐19 in the presence of all PHDs. Analysis of HIF‐1α protein showed a very considerable decrease in the presence of PHD2, together with the most dramatic reduction of HIF‐1α protein life‐time. The immunoprecipitated level of VEGF from the media of ARPE‐19 cells transfected with PHD2 was considerably lower than that of an empty control. HUVEC proliferation was decreased in conditioned media from ARPE‐19 transfected with PHD2.Conclusion PHD2 seems to be the most potent negative‐regulator of the HIF pathway. Furthermore, the negative effects of PHD2 were clearly associated with decrease in secreted VEGF and reduced EC proliferation. These results may have implications for the clinical treatment of patients with nAMD, particularly regarding the use of gene therapy to negatively regulate the neoangiogenesis present in these patients.
A prospective study of ocular manifestations in transthyretin‐related familial amyloid polyneuropathy
Authors: MENEY J , BARREAU E , MINCHEVA Z , CAUQUIL C , LABETOULLE M , ADAMS D , ROUSSEAU A 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To study the prevalence and the clinical characteristics of ocular manifestations of transthyretin‐related familial amyloid polyneuropathy (TTR‐FAP).Methods This prospective monocentric observational study was conducted at the french national reference center for TTR‐FAP. Genetically confirmed TTR‐FAP patients had a complete neurologic and ophthalmologic evaluation. Sensorimotor polyneuropathy (SPN)and vegetative neuropathy were staged. Ophthalmic examination included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), Schirmer test, intraocular pressure (IOP), slit lamp photographs, gonioscopy, fundus examination, ultrasound pachymetry, and RNFL‐OCT. Automated perimetry was performed when necessary. Medical and surgical treatments were analysed for all patients.Results Fifty seven patients (31 males and 26 females, aged 26‐83 years, mean 53.6±13.6 years, were included between 2011 and 2013. Patients were mainly of Portuguese origin (N=28; 49%). Val30Met mutation was present in 42 patients (73.7%). Ocular Hypertension (IOP>21mmHg) and glaucoma occurred in 11 patients (19.3%) and were associated with amyloid deposits in the anterior chamber with a "clamshell" pupil in 91.3% of cases. Amyloid vitreous deposits were present in 12 patients (21%) and had already required vitrectomy in 9 eyes of 5 patients. A BCVA of 20/200 or worse in one eye was found in 9 patients (15.8%) and was caused by secondary glaucoma in 66% of cases.Conclusion In our series, amyloid glaucoma was exclusively found in carriers of the Val30Met mutation. OHT and glaucoma occurred more frequently in patients with autonomic neuropathy. Severe visual impairment was mainly caused by secondary glaucoma, and was associated with severe SPN.
Impact of age of myopia onset and parental myopia severity on the eventual myopia status in an individual
Authors: LIM SJ 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To examine whether parental myopia and the age of myopia onset can predict the eventual severity of myopia for an individual. This will help decide whether a child needs treatment to slow myopia progression and the likely duration of treatment.Methods All myopic Chinese students aged 17 to 19 years old from a school in Singapore, and their parents were invited to participate in this study. Each eligible student and both parents had a comprehensive ocular examination (Retinomax K‐Plus2; Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). Participants also completed a questionnaire on their age, sex, age of onset and stabilisation of myopia. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.Results 59 female and 41 male eligible students and their biological parents were assessed. The individual’s age of myopia onset was moderately correlated (r=0.600) with his post‐stabilisation myopia status. Parental myopia severity was mildly associated with the individual’s myopia status (Pearson’s correlation(r)=0.337). The daughters’ myopia status correlated better with their mothers' than fathers', while that of sons' better with their fathers'. Despite a general trend of myopia severity being worse in females than males, a Z‐test showed that the means of myopia severity of the 2 groups were not significantly different, and a Chi‐square test showed that the individual’s myopia status is independent of parental myopia.Conclusion The results suggest that for a Chinese myopic child in Singapore, a young age of myopia onset would be associated with a more severe eventual myopia status. Decision to prescribe drugs to slow myopia progression should be based on a young age of onset rather than family history, as this has a greater impact on eventual myopia status than parental myopia.
Interest of an ophthalmological consultation dedicated to the children presenting autism spectrum disorders
Authors: JANY B , MONTANARI S , BASSON W , JONQUA F , MILLE C , MILAZZO S 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose The children presenting Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) often present ophthalmological disorders. This is why, we plan an ophthalmological consultation dedicated to the children ASD with a partnership between the ophthalmology’s department and the “Centre Ressource Autisme” (CRA).Methods The conditions of set up the consultation were: ‐ Training took place at the orthoptist’s formation and with the residents in ophthalmology to educate ‐ Some modifications in the ophthalmological consultation were performed : ‐ An adaptation of the consultation‘s site. ‐ Schedules of dedicated consultations ‐ An increased time of consultation with 2 examinations: first orthoptic and after, ophthalmologic. Every step of the exam is announced, the used equipments are gradually brought to the children who can watch and also touch them before the examination. ‐ A preparation for the consultation with the child may take place through the use of specific visual medias. ‐ The second or the third examination could be proposed if necessaryResults Fifteen children were examined in one year (year 2013) for whom an orthoptic examination, measurement of the objective refraction, the slit lamp examination and fundus were performed. Refractive errors and strabismus were detected or confirmed and a bilateral cataract was diagnosed and treated.Conclusion This medical network allows to dedramatize of the ophthalmological examination of the children with ASD both the families and the medical professionals. It also has an interest in the training of orthoptists and residents. This type of care could develop and allow a better pathology’s detection.
Multifocal and toric implantation in a paediatric population: a retrospective study
Authors: HEITZ A , RITZ M , SAUER A , SPEEG‐SCHATZ C 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose The management of pediatric cataract is a therapeutic challenge. The aim of our study was to assess the potential benefits of the multifocal and toric lens implantation in the children depending on the age. The previous results of multifocal IOL in the child are encouraging but are derived from analyzes of children over 4 years. The toric implantation in the childhood was never studied.Methods In this retrospective non‐randomized monocentric study, children with bilateral and unilateral cataract between 0 and 9 years with a visual acuity less than 0,3logMAR were implanted with multifocal IOL (or with a toric IOL when the corneal astigmatism was higher than 2 dioptries). Outcome measures of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) for distance, distance‐corrected near visual acuity (DCNVA), contrast sensitivity, stereopsis and total astigmatism were analysed with the Student test in 2 age groups : less than 4 years (group 1) and more than 4 years (group 2).Results 21 eyes of 16 children (mean age 5,05 years, from 9 months to 9 years) were included in the multifocal study, 3 eyes of 2 children were included in the toric study. Group 1 included 5 eyes (4 children), group 2 included 13 eyes (10 children). Both groups showed significant improvement in BCVA at one year follow‐up. Stereopsis was better in group 2 with unilateral implantation. The improvement of the DCNVA was significantly better in group 2 with unilateral implantation (0,38 logMAR, p<0,05). The total astigmatism, the BCVA and DCNVA were improved with a toric implantation, the stereopsis was similar.Conclusion Multifocal IOL implantation is a viable option for the children more than four years with unilateral cataract. The toric implantation analysis needs further results.
The role of cerebrospinal fluid in optic disc pit maculopathy: a case report studied by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI‐OCT)
Authors: MARTINEZ VELEZ M , ASCASO FJ , HUERVA V , CRISTOBAL J , ZABADANI K , ALMENARA C , HERRERA L , PEREZ NAVARRO I , CARAMELLO C 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Optic disc pit(ODP) is a rare congenital optic disc abnormality characterized by a localized grayish‐white depression usually in the center or inferotemporal part of the optic nerve head. It is generally unilateral (85‐90%) and its prevalence is estimated to be 1 in 11,000. Unless the ODP develops maculopathy, patients remain asymptomatic. Serous macular detachment may occur in up to 50% of cases, leading to significant decrease in visual acuity. Although the pathogenesis of ODP maculopathy is unclear, various theories about its onset have implicated fluid entry either from the vitreous cavity or from leakage of cerebrospinal fluid through the peripapillary subarachnoid space. The aim of this study was to evaluate the source of subretinal fluid under the macula in a patient with ODPMethods Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography(EDI‐OCT) using the stars scan pattern of the Spectralis HRA + OCT (version 1.5.12.0; Heidelberg Engineering) was usedResults Horizontal SD‐OCT section revealed a small amount of intraretinal fluid in the outer nuclear layer and a prominent serous macular detachment at the same time but with no relationship with either the vitreous cavity or the subarachnoid space. However, a direct communication between the subretinal space and the peripapillary subarachnoid space through the ODP was demonstrated for the first time by using EDI‐OCT.Conclusion This case supports the theory that the source of serous macular detachment in some ODP cases could be cerebrospinal fluid passing into the retina through the ODP due to an incomplete closure of the embryonic fissure
Choroidal thickness and volume in healthy children messured by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography
Authors: HERRERA L , PEREZ NAVARRO I , CARAMELLO C , ZABADANI K , ALMENARA C , PÉREZ D , MARTINEZ M , SANCHEZ A , PINILLA I , ESTEBAN O 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To evaluate choroidal thickness during childhood using enhanced depth imaging (EDI) spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT), and its correlation with age, sex, axial length (AL) and refractive error (RE)Methods Cross‐sectional study in which 93 eyes of 93 healthy children were studied using a 25 A‐scans‐EDI SD‐OCT protocol. Choroidal thickness was segmented manually, and an ETDRS grid was applied to analyze choroidal thickness and volume in each of its nine sectors. Two observers independently studied 30 children to assess repeatability and reproducibility, using intraclass coefficient (ICC).Results We included 50 males and 43 females, with mean age of 9.62±2.89 years, mean refractive error (spherical equivalent) +0.03±2.22D and mean axial length (AL) of 23.19±13mm. Mean subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and volume was 314.22 ±55.48, and 0.25±0.04m3, respectively. SFCT was significantly thicker in the hyperopic group (AL 22.39±0.83mm). There were no statistically significant differences between myopic (AL 24.33±0.76mm) and emmetropic (AL 23.27±0.54mm) children, as well as between males and females. There was a weak, positive correlation between SFCT and age (r=0.259, p=0.012). Inter and intra‐observer ICC of the nine sector of the ETDRS grid ranged from 0.929‐0.991 and 0.992‐0.998, respectively.Conclusion Pediatric SFCT is greater in hyperopic children. The choroid appears to become thicker with age. Manual choroidal thickness segmentation by EDI SD‐OCT showed a high inter and intra‐observer repeatability
Prediction of Parkinson’s disease severity based on RNFL thickness evaluated by OCT
Authors: JIMENEZ DEL RIO B , ASCASO FJ , CRISTOBAL J , PÉREZ D , IBAÑEZ J , LÓPEZ DEL VAL J 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To determine the relationship between peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in Parkinson disease (PD) with the severity of this neurological disorder and to define a simple biomarker to predict clinical severity.Methods Peripapillary RNFL thickness was measured in 102 eyes from 52 PD patients by using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and compared with 97 eyes from 50 age‐matched healthy controls. The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) total score was used and responses in the ON medication state were measured.Results PD patients showed a statistically significant decrease in average peripapillary RNFL thickness compared with control eyes (p<0.001). This reduction was observed in every quadrant: inferior (p<0.001), superior (p<0.001), nasal (p<0.001) and temporal (p=0.017) in PD patients. Furthermore, a strong inverse correlation was found between PD severity measured according to the UPDRS score with either the average peripapillary RNFL thickness (r= –0.615; p<0.001) or PD duration (r= –0.303; p=0.002). From these results, we defined the following regression equation, which is able to predict the UPDRS score from the mentioned variables: UPDRS = 81.6 + 29.6 * log PD duration (yr) – 0.6 * RFNL thickness (µm).Conclusion As the evolution and severity of PD progress, the peripapillary RNFL thickness gradually diminishes. These results suggest that the average peripapillary RNFL thickness measured by OCT might be useful as a biomarker to detect the early onset and progression of PD.
A case report survey (CRS) on the natural history of visual acuity in patients with Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)
Authors: METZ G , COPPARD N , PETRAKI D , MEIER T , KLOPSTOCK T , SAHEL J 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose LHON is an inherited mitochondrial orphan disease leading to rapid, irreversible vision loss in the majority patients. This survey reports the clinical course of vision loss and recovery in patients with LHON based on a large retrospective data collection.Methods Visual acuity (VA) data from 383 individual patients were collected by chart review conducted in 11 clinical centres under local ethics approval using a standardized VA report form. Change of VA with time since onset of symptoms was analysed using cross sectional and longitudinal data analyses. Mutation dependent rates for spontaneous clinically relevant recovery (off‐to‐on‐chart or at least 2 lines on chart) of VA were established from 774 individual observations available from 74 patients for whom relevant longitudinal VA data were available for up to 31 months.Results The data confirm the expected rapid loss of VA with 73% of eyes deteriorating beyond the threshold for legal blindness within 3 months of onset. The VA nadir was typically reached within less than 6 months from onset and for observations available between 12 and 24 months from onset, 78% of eyes remained legally blind. The time to VA recovery and proportion of patients with recovery from nadir varied with the LHON‐associated mtDNA mutation carried. A total of 31.1% patients presented with spontaneous clinically relevant recovery G11778A: 25%, G3460A: 50%, T14484C: 43%).Conclusion These data demonstrate that in patients with LHON vision loss is rapidly progressive and severe. The great majority of patients do not regain VA but remain legally blind.
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