bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermosensitive self‐assembly micelles from A2BA2‐type poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide)2‐b‐Poly(lactic acid)‐b‐Poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide)2 four‐armed star block copolymers and their applications as drug carriers
Authors: Luo Yan‐Ling , Yang Xiao‐Li , Xu Feng , Chen Ya‐Shao , Ren‐Ting Zhuo‐Ma 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTA novel A2BA2‐type thermosensitive four‐armed star block copolymer, poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide)2‐b‐poly(lactic acid)‐b‐poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide)2, was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization and characterized by 1H‐NMR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and size exclusion chromatography. The copolymers can self‐assemble into nanoscale spherical core–shell micelles. Dynamic light scattering, surface tension, and ultraviolet–visible determination revealed that the micelles had hydrodynamic diameters (Dh) below 200 nm, critical micelle concentrations from 50 to 55 mg/L, ζ potentials from −7 to −19 mV, and cloud points (CPs) of 34–36°C, depending on the [Monomer]/[Macroinitiator] ratios. The CPs and ζ potential absolute values were slightly decreased in simulated physiological media, whereas Dh increased somewhat. The hydrophobic camptothecin (CPT) was entrapped in polymer micelles to investigate the thermo‐induced drug release. The stability of the CPT‐loaded micelles was evaluated by changes in the CPT contents loaded in the micelles and micellar sizes. The MTT cell viability was used to validate the biocompatibility of the developed copolymer micelle aggregates. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 4137–4146, 2013
Processing and properties of polypropylene‐based composites containing inertized fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration
Authors: Besco Stefano , Brisotto Mariangela , Gianoncelli Alessandra , Depero Laura E. , Bontempi Elza , Lorenzetti Alessandra , Modesti Michele 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThis article reports for the first time the results about the use of inertized fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration as a filler for polypropylene (PP). An innovative process based on the stabilization with colloidal silica has been used for fly ash inertization. Polymer–filler composites containing different filler amounts up to 30 wt % have then been formulated and prepared by means of melt compounding process. Structural, morphological, mechanical, and thermal characterization of their properties has been performed and discussed in detail. Remarkable enhancements of tensile (+ 93%) and flexural (+ 107%) elastic moduli if compared to pristine PP, together with enhancements of flexural resistance (+ 36%) and deflection temperature under load (+ 50%), have been observed when adding filler 30 wt % in suitable processing conditions. Moreover the filler has been shown to interact with polymer crystalline structure and positively influence the thermal‐oxidative stability. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 4157–4164, 2013
Fullerene‐Bisadduct Acceptors for Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Li Yongfang 
Published: July 2013

AbstractPolymer solar cells (PSCs) have drawn great attention in recent years for their simple device structure, light weight, and low‐cost fabrication in comparison with inorganic semiconductor solar cells. However, the power‐conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs needs to be increased for their future application. The key issue for improving the PCE of PSCs is the design and synthesis of high‐efficiency conjugated polymer donors and fullerene acceptors for the photovoltaic materials. For the acceptor materials, several fullerene‐bisadduct acceptors with high LUMO energy levels have demonstrated excellent photovoltaic performance in PSCs with P3HT as a donor. In this Focus Review, recent progress in high‐efficiency fullerene‐bisadduct acceptors is discussed, including the bisadduct of PCBM, indene‐C60 bisadduct (ICBA), indene‐C70 bisadduct (IC70BA), DMPCBA, NCBA, and bisTOQC. The LUMO levels and photovoltaic performance of these bisadduct acceptors with P3HT as a donor are summarized and compared. In addition, the applications of an ICBA acceptor in new device structures and with other conjugated polymer donors than P3HT are also introduced and discussed.
Phytotoxicity of Secondary Metabolites Isolated from Flourensia oolepis S.F.Blake
Authors: Diaz Napal Georgina N. , Palacios Sara M. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe aim of this study was to isolate the active principles of Flourensia oolepis S.F.Blake (Asteraceae), which completely inhibited the germination of Raphanus sativus seeds at 10 mg/ml. Flavanone pinocembrin and sesquiterpene ilicol, were isolated by bioassay‐guided fractionation. They were active both against monocot and dicot seeds. Pinocembrin was the most active compound, with an IC50(germination) value of 0.24, 3.40, 3.28, and 3.55 mM against Panicum miliaceum, Avena sativa, Lactuca sativa, and R. sativus, respectively; ilicol, however, exhibited IC50(germination) values of 0.67, 2.73, 5.25, and 9.66 mM for the same species, respectively. Pinocembrin and ilicol inhibited root growth and showed IC50(root growth) values of 0.199, 14.68, 8.05, 7.69 mM, and 1.22, 2.90, 7.35, 8.07 mM, against P. miliaceum, A. sativa, L. sativa, and R. sativus, respectively. Pinocembrin and ilicol reduced Allium cepa cell division without chromosome aberrations.
Heat Shock Factor 1 Inducers from the Bark of Eucommia ulmoides as Cytoprotective Agents
Authors: Nam Joo‐Won , Kim Seo‐Young , Yoon Taesook , Lee Yoo Jin , Kil Yun‐Seo , Lee Yun‐Sil , Seo Eun‐Kyoung 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe barks of Eucommia ulmoides (Eucommiae Cortex, Eucommiaceae) have been used as a traditional medicine in Korea, Japan, and China to treat hypertension, reinforce the muscles and bones, and recover the damaged liver and kidney functions. Among these traditional uses, to establish the recovery effects on the damaged organs on the basis of phytochemistry, the barks of E. ulmoides have been investigated to afford three known phenolic compounds, coniferaldehyde glucoside (1), bartsioside (2), and feretoside (3), which were found in the family Eucommiaceae for the first time. The compounds 1–3 were evaluated for their inducible activities on the heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), and heat shock proteins (HSPs) 27 and 70, along with four compounds, geniposide (4), geniposidic acid (5), pinoresinol diglucoside (6), and liriodendrin (7), which were previously reported from E. ulmoides. Compounds 1–7 increased expression of HSF1 by a factor of 1.214, 1.144, 1.153, 1.114, 1.159, 1.041, and 1.167 at 3 μM, respectively. Coniferaldehyde glucoside (1) showed the most effective increase of HSF1 and induced successive expressions of HSP27 and HSP70 in a dose‐dependent manner without cellular cytotoxicity, suggesting a possible application as a HSP inducer to act as cytoprotective agent.
Chemotaxonomic Analysis of the Aroma Compounds in Essential Oils of Two Different Ocimum basilicum L. Varieties from Iran
Authors: Pirmoradi Mohammad Reza , Moghaddam Mohammad , Farhadi Nasrin 
Published: July 2013

AbstractHydrodistilled essential oils of 21 accessions of Ocimum basilicum L. belonging to two different varieties (var. purpurascens and var. dianatnejadii) from Iran were characterized by GC‐FID and GC/MS analyses. The oil yield was found to be between 0.6 and 1.1% (v/w). In total, 49 compounds, accounting for 96.6–99.7% of the oil compositions, were identified. Aromatic compounds, represented mainly by methyl chavicol (33.6–49.1%), and oxygenated monoterpenes, represented by linalool (14.4–39.3%), were the main components in all essential oils. Monoterpene hydrocarbons were present in the essential oils of all accessions of the purpurascens variety, whereas they were completely absent in those of the dianatnejadii variety, indicating that monoterpene hydrocarbons might be considered as marker constituents of the purpurascens variety. The chemotaxonomic value of the essential‐oil compositions was discussed according to the results of the cluster analysis (CA). The CA showed a clear separation of the O. basilicum var. purpurascens accessions and the O. basilicum var. dianatnejadii accessions, although the data showed no major chemotype variation between the studied varieties. Indeed, the CA revealed only one principal chemotype (methyl chavicol/linalool) for both varieties. In conclusion, GC/MS analyses in combination with CA showed to be a flexible and reliable method for the characterization of the chemical profiles of different varieties of Ocimum basilicum L.
Two New Steroids from an Endophytic Fungus Phomopsis sp.
Authors: Wu Shao‐Hua , Huang Rong , Miao Cui‐Ping , Chen You‐Wei 
Published: July 2013

AbstractTwo new steroids, (14β,22E)‐9,14‐dihydroxyergosta‐4,7,22‐triene‐3,6‐dione (1) and (5α,6β,15β,22E)‐6‐ethoxy‐5,15‐dihydroxyergosta‐7,22‐dien‐3‐one (2), together with three known steroids, calvasterols A and B (3 and 4, resp.), and ganodermaside D (5), were isolated from the culture broth of an endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. isolated from Aconitum carmichaeli. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, and their inhibitory activities against six pathogenic fungi were evaluated. Most of the compounds showed moderate or weak antifungal activities in a broth‐microdilution assay.
A ‘Low‐Level’ Chemotaxonomic Analysis of the Plant Family Apiaceae: The Case of Scandix balansaeReut. ex Boiss. (Tribe Scandiceae)
Authors: Radulović Niko S. , Mladenović Marko Z. , Blagojević Polina D. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAnalyses by GC and GC/MS of an essential‐oil sample obtained from dry fruits of Scandix balansae Reut. ex Boiss. allowed the identification of 81 components, comprising 91.4% of the total oil composition. Interestingly, the major identified volatile compounds were medium‐chain‐length n‐alkanes, i.e., tridecane (6.7%), pentadecane (13.4%), and heptadecane (19.3%), and a long‐chain homolog nonacosane (7.6%). A number of minor oil constituents, among them tetradecyl 3‐methylbutanoate, and octadecyl 2‐methylpropanoate, 3‐methylbutanoate, and pentanoate, turned out to have a restricted natural occurrence not only in umbellifers but also in the Plant Kingdom, whereas the last ester is a new natural compound in general. The identity of these rare plant constituents that present excellent chemotaxonomic marker candidates for Scandix species was unambiguously confirmed by co‐injection of the oil sample with appropriate standards, which were synthesized for this purpose and fully characterized (1H‐ and 13C‐NMR, IR, MS). To explore the possible applicability of the essential oils' compositional data in the taxonomy of Apiaceae, the herein studied and additional 58 oils obtained from Scandiceae taxa were compared using multivariate statistical analyses (MVA). MVA demonstrated that the evolution of the volatiles' metabolism of Scandiceae taxa was neither genera‐specific nor follows their morphological evolution.
Ruthenium Carbenes Supported on Mesoporous Silicas as Highly Active and Selective Hybrid Catalysts for Olefin Metathesis Reactions under Continuous Flow
Authors: Bru Miriam , Dehn Richard , Teles J. Henrique , Deuerlein Stephan , Danz Manuel , Müller Imke B. , Limbach Michael 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn the search for a highly active and selective heterogenized metathesis catalyst, we systematically varied the pore geometry and size of various silica‐based mesoporous (i.e., MCM‐41, MCM‐48, and SBA‐15) and microporous (ZSM‐5 and MWW) versus macroporous materials (D11‐10 and Aerosil 200), besides other process parameters (temperature, dilution, and mean residence time). The activity and, especially, selectivity of such “linker‐free” supports for ruthenium metathesis catalysts were evaluated in the cyclodimerization of cis‐cyclooctene to form 1,9‐cyclohexadecadiene, a valuable intermediate in the flavor and fragrance industry. The optimized material showed not only exceptionally high selectivity to the valuable product, but also turned out to be a truly heterogeneous catalyst with superior activity relative to the unsupported homogeneous complex.
Capacitance Effects Superimposed on Redox Processes in Molecular‐Cluster Batteries: A Synergic Route to High‐Capacity Energy Storage
Authors: Wang Heng , Zeng Zhaoyang , Kawasaki Naoya , Eckert Hellmut , Yoshikawa Hirofumi , Awaga Kunio 
Published: July 2013

AbstractRechargeable molecular‐cluster batteries (MCBs) based on the manganese cluster complex [Mn12O12(CH3CH2C(CH3)2COO)16(H2O)4] ([Mn12]) that exhibited a capacity of approximately 200 A h kg−1 in the battery voltage range of 4.0 to 2.0 V were developed. In these batteries, the capacity of approximately 100 A h kg−1 in the range of 4.0–3.0 V is caused by a chemical reduction from [Mn12]0 to [Mn12]8−, whereas the other half in the range of 3.0–2.0 V cannot be explained by a redox change of the Mn ions. We performed the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and 7Li solid‐state NMR measurements on the Mn12‐MCBs to investigate the origin of the capacity below 3.0 V. Pseudo‐rectangular‐shaped CV curves in the range of 3.0–2.0 V demonstrate the presence of an electrical double‐layer (EDL) capacitance in Mn12‐MCBs, which corresponds to approximately 100 A h kg−1. 7Li NMR studies suggest that Li ions form an EDL with electrons in carbon black electrodes in the capacitance voltage range. The capacitance effects are not formed by the single‐carbon electrodes alone, but appear only in the mixture of Mn12 and the carbon black electrodes. This type of coexistence of capacitance effects and redox reaction in one electrochemical cell is quite unusual and can serve as a new working principle for high‐performance energy‐storage devices.
Anticancer Potency and Multidrug‐Resistant Studies of Self‐Assembled Arene–Ruthenium Metallarectangles
Authors: Dubey Abhishek , Min Jin Wook , Koo Hyun Jung , Kim Hyunuk , Cook Timothy R. , Kang Se Chan , Stang Peter J. , Chi Ki‐Whan 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA suite of three tetraruthenium metallacycles have been obtained from [2+2] self‐assemblies between N,N′‐Di‐(4‐pyridyl)‐1,4,5,8‐naphthalenetetracarbo–xydiimide (4) and one of the three dinuclear arene ruthenium clips, (η6‐p‐iPrC6H4Me)2Ru2(OO∩OO)][OTf]2 (OO∩OO=oxalate 1, 2,5‐dioxydo‐1,4‐benzoquinonato (dobq) 2, 5,8‐dihydroxy‐1,4‐naphthaquinonato (donq) 3; OTf=triflate). All complexes were isolated in good yield (>85 %) as triflate salts and were fully characterized by using 1H NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopies, and high‐resolution electrospray mass spectrometry. A single crystal of the metallarectangle 5 was suitable for X‐ray diffraction structural characterization. The biological activities of the metallacycles were determined by using 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays, establishing their in vitro anticancer properties. Our results show that for the AGC (gastric cancer) cell lines, the cytotoxicity of (donq)‐containing SCC 7 exceeds that of cisplatin, which was used as a control. For HCT15 (colon cancer) cell lines, the cytotoxicity is comparable to both cisplatin and doxorubicin. An in vivo hollow fiber model was used to show growth‐inhibitory activity against HCT15 and image‐based cytometry experiments indicated that 7 induced apoptosis as the mode of cell death. Complex 7 also showed significant antitumor activity for multidrug‐resistant HCT15/CLO2 cell lines, for which doxorubicin was ineffective.
Advanced Catalytic Performance of Au–Pt Double‐Walled Nanotubes and Their Fabrication through Galvanic Replacement Reaction
Authors: Chen Lu , Kuai Long , Yu Xue , Li Wenzheng , Geng Baoyou 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBimetallic tubular nanostructures have been the focus of intensive research as they have very interesting potential applications in various fields including catalysis and electronics. In this paper, we demonstrate a facile method for the fabrication of Au–Pt double‐walled nanotubes (Au–Pt DWNTs). The DWNTs are fabricated through the galvanic displacement reaction between Ag nanowires and various metal ions, and the Au–Pt DWNT catalysts exhibit high active catalytic performances toward both methanol electro‐oxidation and 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP) reduction. First, they have a high electrochemically active surface area of 61.66 m2 g−1, which is close to the value of commercial Pt/C catalysts (64.76 m2 g−1), and the peak current density of Au–Pt DWNTs in methanol oxidation is recorded as 138.25 mA mg−1, whereas those of Pt nanotubes, Au/Pt nanotubes (simple mixture), and commercial Pt/C are 24.12, 40.95, and120.65 mA mg−1, respectively. The Au–Pt DWNTs show a markedly enhanced electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation compared with the other three catalysts. They also show an excellent catalytic performance in comparison with common Au nanotubes for 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP) reduction. The attractive performance exhibited by these prepared Au–Pt DWNTs can be attributed to their unique structures, which make them promising candidates as high‐performance catalysts.
Conformational Isomerism in Monomeric, Low‐Coordinate Group 12 Complexes Stabilized by a Naphthyl‐Substituted m‐Terphenyl Ligand
Authors: Gridley Benjamin M. , Moxey Graeme J. , Lewis William , Blake Alexander J. , Kays Deborah L. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of the first series of low‐coordinate bis(terphenyl) complexes of the Group 12 metals, [Zn(2,6‐Naph2C6H3)2] (1), [Cd(OEt2)(2,6‐Naph2C6H3)2] (2) and [Hg(OEt2)(2,6‐Naph2C6H3)2] (3) (Naph=1‐C10H7) are described. The naphthyl substituents of the terphenyl ligands confer considerable steric bulk, and as a result of limited flexibility introduce multiple conformations to these unusual systems. In the solid state, complex 1 features a two‐coordinate Zn centre with the ligands oriented in a syn/anti conformation, whereas the three‐coordinate distorted T‐shaped complexes 2 and 3 feature the ligands in the syn/syn configurations. The results of DFT calculations are in good agreement with the solid‐state configurations for these complexes and support the spectroscopic measurements, which indicate several conformers in solution.
Electroencephalogram patterns in infants of depressed mothers
Authors: Lusby Cara M. , Goodman Sherryl H. , Bell Martha Ann , Newport D. Jeffrey 
Published: July 2013

AbstractElectroencephalogram (EEG) patterns may reflect a vulnerability to depression. In an effort to understand their earliest origin, we examined their stability and consistency and their associations with perinatal depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were measured prospectively throughout the perinatal period in 83 women with histories of depression and/or anxiety. Infant's EEG was recorded during baseline, feeding, and play at 3 and 6 months of age. Prenatal and postpartum depressive symptoms interacted significantly to predict 3‐ and 6‐month‐olds' EEG asymmetry scores. Asymmetry scores were consistent across contexts, except from baseline to feeding and play at 6 months, and stable across ages, except during feeding. Changes in depressive symptoms across ages were not associated with changes in infant EEG. Findings highlight the importance of considering both prenatal and postpartum depressive symptoms in the prediction of infant EEG, as well as the need to consider context to understand stability of infant EEG patterns. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 459–473, 2014.
Baboons' hand preference resists to spatial factors for a communicative gesture but not for a simple manipulative action
Authors: Bourjade Marie , Meunier Hélène , Blois‐Heulin Catherine , Vauclair Jacques 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTOlive baboons (Papio anubis) do acquire and use intentional requesting gestures in experimental contexts. Individual's hand preference for these gestures is consistent with that observed for typical communicative gestures, but not for manipulative actions. Here, we examine whether the strength of hand preference may also be a good marker of hemispheric specialization for communicative gestures, hence differing from the strength of hand preference for manipulative actions. We compared the consistency of individuals' hand preference with regard to the variation in space of either (i) a communicative partner or (ii) a food item to grasp using a controlled set‐up. We report more consistent hand preference for communicative gestures than for grasping actions. Established hand preference in the midline was stronger for gesturing than for grasping and allowed to predict the consistency of hand preference across positions. We found no significant relation between the direction of hand preference and the task. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 55: 651–661, 2013.
Glucocorticoids for the treatment of anaphylaxis
Authors: Choo Karen Jui Lin , Simons F Estelle R , Sheikh Aziz 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundAnaphylaxis is a serious hypersensitivity reaction that is rapid in onset and may result in death. Anaphylaxis guidelines recommend glucocorticoids for the treatment of people experiencing anaphylaxis. ObjectivesWe sought to assess the benefits and harms of glucocorticoid treatment during episodes of anaphylaxis.Search methodsIn our previous version we searched the literature until September 2009. In this version we searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library2011, Issue 3), MEDLINE (Ovid) (1956 to September 2011), EMBASE (Ovid) (1982 to September 2011), CINAHL (EBSCOhost) (to September 2011). We also searched the UK National Research Register and websites listing ongoing trials, and contacted international experts in anaphylaxis in an attempt to locate unpublished material.Selection criteriaWe planned to include randomized and quasi‐randomized controlled trials comparing glucocorticoids with any control (either placebo, adrenaline (epinephrine), an antihistamine, or any combination of these).Data collection and analysisTwo authors independently assessed articles for inclusion.Main resultsWe found no studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria.Authors' conclusionsWe are, based on this review, unable to make any recommendations for the use of glucocorticoids in the treatment of anaphylaxis.Glucocorticoids for the treatment of anaphylaxis Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may result in death. It is commonly triggered by a food, insect sting, medication, or natural rubber latex. The reaction typically occurs without warning and can be a frightening experience both for those at risk and their families and friends. Steroids (glucocorticoids) are often recommended for use in the management of people experiencing anaphylaxis. However, the evidence base in support of the use of steroids is unclear. We therefore conducted a systematic review of the literature, searching key databases for high quality published and unpublished material on the use of steroids for the emergency treatment of anaphylaxis. In addition, we contacted experts in this health area and the relevant pharmaceutical companies. We were unable to find any randomized controlled trials on this subject through our searches. We conclude that there is no evidence from high quality studies for the use of steroids in the emergency management of anaphylaxis. Therefore, we can neither support nor refute the use of these drugs for this purpose.
Site‐Selective Direct Arylation of 1,2,3‐Triazole N‐Oxides
Authors: Liu Wei , Li Yahui , Wang Yue , Kuang Chunxiang 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAn efficient route for the synthesis of 2,4‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazoles by the regioselective direct arylation of 2‐aryl‐1,2,3‐triazole N‐oxides with Ar–X [X = Br, I and B(OH)2] is demonstrated. The reaction proceeds through Pd‐catalyzed C–H bond activation, and the influence of the aryl halides on the reactivity is investigated.