bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of prenatal vitamin E levels with child asthma and wheeze
Authors: Hartman Terryl J. , Gebretsadik Tebeb , Adgent Margaret A. , Nickelberry Marshae , Moore Paul E. , Carlson Hannah , Gross Myron , Zhao Qi , Alcala Cecelia S. , Zhang Xueying , Bush Nicole R. , LeWinn Kaja Z. , Wright Rosalind J. , Carroll Kecia N. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated the individual and interaction effects of maternal plasma 𝛂‐ and ϒ‐tocopherol levels (vitamin E isomers) on child asthma and wheeze at age 8–9.MethodsMother–child dyads were enrolled between 2006 and 2011 into the Conditions Affecting Neurocognitive Development and Learning in Early Childhood (CANDLE) prenatal cohort. Maternal second‐trimester samples were analyzed for tocopherol and lipid concentrations. We assessed child asthma/wheeze using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) and other self‐reported Ent wheeze. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, we assessed associations between vitamin E isomers and child asthma/wheeze outcomes (n = 847 mother–child dyads) and tested for prespecified interaction terms.ResultsMedian cholesterol‐corrected tocopherol levels (interquartile range (IQR)) were 5.0 (4.3–5.7) and 0.8 (0.7–0.9) (umol/mmol) for 𝛂‐ and ϒ‐tocopherol, respectively. Associations between 𝛂‐tocopherol and asthma outcome variables were inverse but not statistically significant. In contrast, for ϒ‐tocopherol, associations were in the positive direction, but also nonsignificant. Interactions analysis between tocopherols did not reach statistical significance for any outcome. Among children of women with a history of asthma, the likelihood of ever asthma in the child appears to be decreasing with increasing maternal 𝛂‐tocopherol levels, whereas this trend was not observed among those without a history of asthma (p‐interaction = .05).ConclusionWe observed no associations for prenatal 𝛂‐ or ϒ‐tocopherol concentrations with child asthma/wheeze. We detected some evidence of effect modification by maternal asthma history in associations between 𝛂‐tocopherol and child asthma.
Capital, administrative burden, and welfare participation: Evidence from the minimum living standard scheme in China
Authors: Yang Yongzheng , Wang Ying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAdministrative burden in citizen‐state interactions has received increasing attention. Building upon existing literature on its antecedents and consequences, this study further examines how financial, human, social, and political capital are associated with administrative burden and how three dimensions of administrative burden (i.e., learning, compliance, and psychological costs) are associated with welfare participation. Using unique data from the minimum living standard scheme in China and running a series of logistic regressions, this study finds that different types of capital impact various administrative costs differently. Specifically, financial, human, and social capital play important roles in administrative burden, but political capital is not significantly associated with three administrative costs. Moreover, learning and compliance costs are significantly negatively related to welfare participation, whereas psychological costs have no significant relationship with welfare participation. This study reveals the complexity of the impact of capital forms on administrative burden and the impact of administrative costs on welfare participation.
Effect of tyrode albumin lactate pyruvate and modified Krebs Ringers broth media on in vitro capacitation of HD‐K75 boar spermatozoa at different period of incubation
Authors: Das Arunima , Barua Prithviraj Mazinder , Nath Mrinal , Deka Nipu , Ahmed Kutubuddin , Sinha Sudip , Kalita Dhireswar , Borah Prabodh , Tamuly Shantanu , Borpujari Dhrubajyoti , Sonowal Joyshikh , Hussain Jakir , Choudhury Mitali Dutta 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn vitro capacitation allows for a greater understanding of the mechanisms underlying fertilization and the development of improved reproductive techniques for improving fertility rates in porcine. Tyrodes albumin lactate pyruvate (TALP) and modified Krebs Ringers Broth (m‐KRB) are two medias that are commonly used in research experiments to induce capacitation in boar spermatozoa (Cañón‐Beltrán et al., Theriogenology, 198, 2023 and 231; Oberlender et al., Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria, 44, 2012 and 201; Sahoo et al., International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 241, 2023 and 124502). Moreover, understanding the morphological and functional changes in boar spermatozoa at different hours of capacitation periods might aid in the development of novel techniques for improving sperm quality and increasing the litter size. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Tyrode albumin lactate pyruvate and modified Krebs Ringers Broth media on in vitro capacitation of HD‐K75 boar spermatozoa at three different periods of incubation. A total of 24 ejaculate from four clinically healthy, 10–12 months aged HD‐K75 boars, maintained at ICAR‐All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on pig were selected. Semen was collected by ‘Simple fist’ method using a portable dummy. The semen samples having 200 mL volume, 103 × 106 spermatozoa/ml concentration and 70% initial motility were selected and split into two parts and suspended in TALP and m‐KRB media, respectively, and incubated for 5 h at 37°C. Seminal parameters viz. sperm viability, plasma membrane integrity and acrosomal integrity were estimated in the samples at 0, 3 and 5 h of incubation. This study revealed that there was significant variation between media in live acrosome‐reacted (p < .05) and HOST‐reacted (p < .01) spermatozoa, while between capacitation periods significant (p < .01) variation was observed in hyperactivated spermatozoa, live acrosome‐reacted spermatozoa, HOST‐reacted spermatozoa, FITC‐labelled PSA, extracellular protein and sperm cholesterol. Non‐significant variation was observed in total phospholipid. TALP showed overall better consequence on sperm viability, plasma membrane and acrosomal integrity of boar spermatozoa. From this study, it could be concluded that both TALP and m‐KRB media were virtuous to induce capacitation in HD‐K75 boar spermatozoa. TALP media, however, had a better effect on sperm viability, plasma membrane and acrosomal integrity of boar spermatozoa. Out of the three different periods, 3 h capacitation period resulted in significantly (p < .01) higher incidence of sperm viability, plasma membrane and acrosomal integrity in HD‐K75 boar spermatozoa.
The Twitter Blackout: Do congressional rules influence the cyberworld?
Authors: Gutierrez‐Mannix Carlos , Gray Thomas R. 
Published: August 2024

IntroCommunication is understood to be a pillar of democracy. Therefore, governments around the world enact laws which make it easier for politicians to communicate with their constituents. However, some governments also restrict this ability during campaign seasons as a way of unclogging the media. In the United States, congressional election blackout dates are periods in which politicians are not allowed to engage in mass unsolicited mailing of political advertising. Because the prohibition only applies to unsolicited media, we theorize that we should see the transition from one type of communication to another.MethodsTo test this effect, we created a database containing all tweets by all Members of Congress from the last three Congresses.ResultsWe find that immediately during the blackout periods, members of Congress substantially increase the number of tweets they post.DiscussionWe conclude that Members of Congress are strategic in their ability to exchange communication outlets.
Estimation of density functionals via cross‐validation
Authors: Chacón José E. , Tenreiro Carlos 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn density estimation, the mean integrated squared error (MISE) is commonly used as a measure of performance. In that setting, the cross‐validation criterion provides an unbiased estimator of the MISE minus the integral of the squared density. Since the minimum MISE is known to converge to zero, this suggests that the minimum value of the cross‐validation criterion could be regarded as an estimator of minus the integrated squared density. This novel proposal presents the outstanding feature that, unlike all other existing estimators, it does not need the choice of any tuning parameter. Indeed, it is proved here that this approach results in a consistent and efficient estimator, with remarkable performance in practice. Moreover, apart from this base case, it is shown how several other problems on density functional estimation can be similarly handled using this new principle, thus demonstrating full potential for further applications.
Maternal high fat–high energy diet alters metabolic factors in the non‐human primate fetal heart
Authors: Bertossa Melanie R. , Darby Jack R. T. , Holman Stacey L. , Meakin Ashley S. , Li Cun , Huber Hillary F. , Wiese Michael D. , Nathanielsz Peter W. , Morrison Janna L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe consumption of high fat–high energy diets (HF‐HEDs) continues to rise worldwide and parallels the rise in maternal obesity (MO) that predisposes offspring to cardiometabolic disorders. Although the underlying mechanisms are unclear, thyroid hormones (TH) modulate cardiac maturation in utero. Therefore, we aimed to determine the impact of a high fat–high energy diet (HF‐HED) on the hormonal, metabolic and contractility profile of the non‐human primate (NHP) fetal heart. At ∼9 months preconception, female baboons (Papio hamadryas) were randomly assigned to either a control diet or HF‐HED. At 165 days gestational age (term = 184 days), fetuses were delivered by Caesarean section under anaesthesia, humanely killed, and left ventricular cardiac tissue (Control (n = 6 female, 6 male); HF‐HED (n = 6 F, 6 M)) was collected. Maternal HF‐HED decreased the concentration of active cardiac TH (i.e. triiodothyronine (T3)), and type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO1) mRNA expression. Maternal HF‐HED decreased the abundance of cardiac markers of insulin‐mediated glucose uptake phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 (Ser789) and glucose transporter 4, and increased protein abundance of key oxidative phosphorylation complexes (I, III, IV) and mitochondrial abundance in both sexes. Maternal HF‐HED alters cardiac TH status, which may induce early signs of cardiac insulin resistance. This may increase the risk of cardiometabolic disorders in later life in offspring born to these pregnancies.
imageKey points
Babies born to mothers who consume a high fat–high energy diet (HF‐HED) prior to and during pregnancy are predisposed to an increased risk of cardiometabolic disorders across the life course.
Maternal HF‐HED prior to and during pregnancy decreased thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations and type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase DIO1 mRNA expression in the non‐human primate fetal heart.
Maternal HF‐HED decreased markers of insulin‐dependent glucose uptake, phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 and glucose transporter 4 in the fetal heart.
Maternal HF‐HED increased mitochondrial abundance and mitochondrial OXPHOS complex I, III and IV in the fetal heart.
Fetuses from HF‐HED pregnancies are predisposed to cardiometabolic disorders that may be mediated by changes in T3, placing them on a poor lifetime cardiovascular health trajectory.
Crashworthiness Analysis: Exploiting Information of Developed Products With Control Variates
Authors: Colella Giada , Valdebenito Marcos A. , Duddeck Fabian , Lange Volker A. , Faes Matthias 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Assessing vehicle safety is a challenging, yet fundamental task. In the early phase of development, car manufacturers need to ensure the compliance with strict safety requirements. An interesting task to automate these early-stage operations is to harness information from already developed products. Established designs are largely accessible, with abundant data; novel designs' data are scarce. While established and novel designs are (by definition) different, it is expected nonetheless that there is a degree of correlation between them. Thus, the established design could be regarded as a low-fidelity (LF) model of the novel design, in the sense that it may provide an approximation of the behavior of the novel design. In turn, the novel design could be regarded as a high-fidelity (HF) model, as it represents the true product being designed. This bifidelity character of the problem stands at the basis of this paper. This work explores the application of control variates (CV) to a crashworthiness analysis scenario. Control variates is a variance reduction technique that exploits the low-fidelity information to improve the accuracy of the response statistics of the high-fidelity model. Such an approach could be most useful for industrial applications. Therefore, we apply control variates to a crash box example and compare its performance to its plain Monte Carlo (MC) counterpart. The results of this paper show the benefits of this bifidelity approach, resulting in control variates being a powerful technique to extract valuable information from limited data sets. Indeed, control variates can serve as an innovative solution to support car manufacturers in the early phase of vehicle development and thus improve the performance in crashworthiness scenarios.
On the Application of Bio-Inspired Sea-Pen Blades in a Savonius Wind Rotor: A Three-Dimensional Computational Analysis
Authors: Nalavade Chetan S. , Rathod Umang H. , Saha Ujjwal K. , Kulkarni Vinayak 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The drag-based Savonius-type wind rotors are usually preferred to harvest wind energy at low-wind velocity conditions. These Savonius rotors are characterized by their compatibility with urban environments and small-scale standalone systems besides their direction independency, absence of yaw mechanism, and easy installation and maintenance. Recent research trend indicates the implementation of biomimetic principles into the rotor blade design to develop novel bio-inspired/nature-inspired blade profiles for improving the rotor performance. The most recent example is the Orange sea-pen (Ptilosarcus gurneyi) inspired blade profile, which successfully carries over the insights of the sea-pen's feeding mechanism to the torque mechanism of the rotor besides improving the rotor performance. The present research article is aimed at conducting three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The 3D transient simulations are carried out by the ansys fluent software using the shear stress transport (SST) k–ω turbulence model. The reported experimental data of sea-pen-bladed rotor performance is utilized to validate the numerical performance trends. Considering the suitability of the Savonius wind rotor in lower wind velocities, the simulations have been conducted in the range of 5–7 m/s wind velocities. The operating conditions for the sea-pen and the semicircular-bladed rotor types are identical to have a direct comparison of their performances. The numerical findings reveal performance improvement of approximately 10–13% by the sea-pen blade as compared to the semicircular blade for a given range of wind velocities.
Integration of Combined Heat and Power With Renewables and Energy Storage for Reducing Carbon Emission in Transition Pathway Toward Carbon Neutrality
Authors: Zenouzi Mansour , Naman Yasin , Kowalski Gregory 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Strong synergies exist between cogeneration and renewables for reducing emission of harmful gases in the transition period toward carbon neutrality. Integration of combined heat and power (CHP) with renewables and energy storage along with electrification of buildings is a pathway to create resilient and efficient solutions towards decarbonization. Optimizing the size of a CHP system to satisfy both electrical and thermal loads of a given facility while minimizing fuel consumption is a challenging problem. The thermal load consists of heating, cooling, or hot water production. Integration of renewable energy sources and energy storage presents additional design challenges. An interactive software was developed by the authors to quickly estimate the performance of different configurations of CHP and renewable energy sources and it was tested for an office complex of four commercial buildings found in National Renewable Energy Laboratory's dataset End-Use Load Profiles for the U.S. Building Stock. The software is intended to size CHP devices and calculate the Energy Utilization Factor (EUF), CO2 emissions, and the rate of Entropy Production. A heat pump module and solar photovoltaic with electrical power storage were introduced for this study. The objective of this paper is to compare different configurations of renewable or low-emission technologies and design an appropriate solution for a test data set for a Typical Metrological Year (TMY). The software requires energy inputs separated by cooling load, heating load, and electric demand as a time series and is used to optimize the plant size to match all the loads to the corresponding systems.
Investigating the Physical Activity Habits and Apparel Choices of Perinatal Women
Authors: Vatter Rachael F. , Segura-Velandia Diana , Moore Isabel S. , Mears Aimée C. 
Published: August 2024

Background: This study investigates the physical activity and apparel choices of perinatal women. The perinatal period involves significant anatomical, physiological, and biomechanical changes as the body prepares to carry and deliver a child, and the recovery process which follows. Despite the recognized benefits of physical activity, returning to physical activity postpartum can be difficult. Methods: One hundred and six postpartum women completed an online questionnaire exploring women’s physical activity habits before, during, and after pregnancy, along with their use of activewear/compression garments during this time. Statistical analyses, including chi-squared tests, investigated the relationship between initiation of physical activity postpartum (by and after 12 weeks) and: delivery method (vaginal, c-section, and assisted), perineal trauma, activewear purchase, and prepregnancy activity level. Thematic analysis was applied to identify themes from participant’s answers. Results: A vaginal delivery correlated with a higher likelihood of resuming physical activity within 12 weeks postpartum. Moreover, a high level of activity prepregnancy was associated with a high level of physical activity postpartum. The study identified key reasons for the cessation of physical activity during pregnancy including discomfort, tiredness, and misinformation. Barriers hindering the return to physical activity postpartum included discomfort, misinformation, and time constraints. Few participants used compression garments in the postpartum period, with the majority leveraging them to alleviate pain (71%). Conclusions: This study highlights a crucial gap in utilization of compression garments during the postpartum period. Understanding these factors is pivotal in enhancing support for postpartum women in their pursuit of resuming physical activity.
The harms of promoting the lab leak hypothesis for SARS-CoV-2 origins without evidence
Authors: Alwine James , Goodrum Felicia , Banfield Bruce , Bloom David , Britt William J. , Broadbent Andrew J. , Campos Samuel K. , Casadevall Arturo , Chan Gary C. , Cliffe Anna R. , Dermody Terence , Duprex Paul , Enquist Lynn W. , Frueh Klaus , Geballe Adam P. , Gaglia Marta , Goldstein Stephen , Greninger Alexander L. , Gronvall Gigi Kwick , Jung Jae U. , Kamil Jeremy P. , Lakdawala Seema , Liu Shan-Lu , Luftig Micah , Moore John P. , Moscona Anne , Neuman Benjamin W. , Nikolich Janko Ž. , O'Connor Christine , Pekosz Andrew , Permar Sallie , Pfeiffer Julie , Purdy John , Rasmussen Angela , Semler Bert , Smith Gregory A. , Stein David A. , Van Doorslaer Koenraad , Weller Sandra K. , Whelan Sean P. J. , Yurochko Andrew 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Science is humanity’s best insurance against threats from nature, but it is a fragile enterprise that must be nourished and protected. The preponderance of scientific evidence indicates a natural origin for SARS-CoV-2. Yet, the theory that SARS-CoV-2 was engineered in and escaped from a lab dominates media attention, even in the absence of strong evidence. We discuss how the resulting anti-science movement puts the research community, scientific research, and pandemic preparedness at risk.
Lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated DNA vaccine confers protection against swine and human-origin H1N1 influenza viruses
Authors: Nguyen The N. , Lai Danh C. , Sillman Sarah , Petro-Turnquist Erika , Weaver Eric A. , Vu Hiep L. X. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

In 2009, a novel swine-origin H1N1 virus emerged, causing a pandemic. The virus, known as H1N1pdm09, quickly displaced the circulating H1 lineage and became the dominant seasonal influenza A virus subtype infecting humans. Human-to-swine spillovers of the H1N1pdm09 have occurred frequently, and each occurrence has led to sustained transmission of the human-origin H1N1pdm09 within swine populations. In the present study, we developed a lipid nanoparticle-based DNA vaccine (LNP-DNA) containing the hemagglutinin gene of a swine-origin H1N1pdm09. In pigs, this LNP-DNA vaccine induced a robust antibody response after a single intramuscular immunization and protected the pigs against challenge infection with the homologous swine-origin H1N1pdm09 virus. In a mouse model, the LNP-DNA vaccine induced antibody and T-cell responses and protected mice against lethal challenge with a mouse-adapted human-origin H1N1pdm09 virus. These findings demonstrate the potential of the LNP-DNA vaccine to protect against both swine- and human-origin H1N1pdm09 viruses.

IMPORTANCE
Swine influenza A virus (IAV) is widespread and causes significant economic losses to the swine industry. Moreover, bidirectional transmission of IAV between swine and humans commonly occurs. Once introduced into the swine population, human-origin IAV often reassorts with endemic swine IAV, resulting in reassortant viruses. Thus, it is imperative to develop a vaccine that is not only effective against IAV strains endemic in swine but also capable of preventing the spillover of human-origin IAV. In this study, we developed a lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated DNA plasmid vaccine (LNP-DNA) that demonstrates efficacy against both swine- and human-origin H1N1 viruses. The LNP-DNA vaccines are non-infectious and non-viable, meeting the criteria to serve as a vaccine platform for rapidly updating vaccines. Collectively, this LNP-DNA vaccine approach holds great potential for alleviating the impact of IAV on the swine industry and preventing the emergence of reassortant IAV strains.