bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prediction model for hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets syndrome in pre‐eclampsia with severe features
Authors: Gilboa Itamar , Gabbai Daniel , Yogev Yariv , Dominsky Omri , Berger Yuval , Kupferminc Michael , Hiersch Liran , Rimon Eli 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to determine the risk factors for patients with pre‐eclampsia (PE) with severe features to develop hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome and to design a prediction score model that incorporates these risk factors.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary university‐affiliated medical center between 2011 and 2019. The study population comprised patients diagnosed with PE with severe features, divided into two groups: those with HELLP syndrome (study group) and those without (control group). A logistic regression was employed to identify independent predictors of HELLP syndrome. A predictive model for the occurrence of HELLP syndrome in the context of PE with severe features was developed using a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.ResultsOverall, 445 patients were included, of whom 69 patients were in the study group and 376 in the control group. A multivariate logistic analysis regression showed that maternal age <40 (OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.13–5.33, P = 0.045), nulliparity (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.14–4.88, P = 0.042), mild hypertension (OR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.54–4.82, P = 0.019), epigastric pain (OR = 3.41, 95% CI: 1.92–7.23, P < 0.001) and placental abruption (OR = 6.38, 95% CI: 1.29–35.61, P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for HELLP syndrome. A prediction score model reached a predictive performance with an area under the curve of 0.765 (95% CI: 0.709–0.821).ConclusionThis study identified several key risk factors for developing HELLP syndrome among patients with PE with severe features and determined that a prediction score model has the potential to aid clinicians in identifying high risk patients.
Variable clinical and gynecologic characteristics associated with anatomical site of ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Girma Alodia M. , Anderson Zachary S. , Masjedi Aaron D. , Mandelbaum Rachel S. , Ouzounian Joseph G. , Matsuo Koji 
Published: August 2024

SynopsisIn this nationwide cross‐sectional study in the United States, clinical and gynecologic characteristics varied across the anatomical site of ectopic pregnancy.
Fetal bradycardia and acidosis during maternal parenteral iron: Case reports and literature review
Authors: Lee Linus L. T. , Law Ho Ying , Chan Lin Wai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIron deficiency anemia is an important problem among pregnant women, and intravenous (IV) iron infusions have been increasingly used. Whether fetal monitoring is required during infusion has been debated, with a recent guideline by Hematologists recommending against such. We report two cases of fetal bradycardia after iron isomaltoside (IIM), in women with otherwise good maternal and fetal health. Both developed dyspnea with desaturation minutes from infusion, followed by persistent fetal bradycardia. Both underwent category 1 CS, with cord arterial pH of 7.08 and 6.94 respectively. Upon literature review, only three case reports on fetal bradycardia in IV iron were identified. For older IV iron formulations, a case was reported after IV dextran test dose, while two cases after ferric gluconate were reported. For the new formulation IIM, only one case was reported so far, but in a woman with Crohn's disease and intrauterine growth restriction. IV iron in pregnancy carries risk of anaphylactic or hypersensitivity reactions, even with the newest formulations and in women with good maternal and fetal health. While rarely reported so far, fetal bradycardia is a possible consequence, commonly preceded by respiratory symptoms. Fetal monitoring should therefore be considered during infusion.
A giant pelvic arteriovenous malformation
Authors: Izumi Taro , Osawa Marie , Tsuru Ibuki , Ono Akihiro , Kume Haruki , Shiga Yoshiyuki , Nakamura Masaki 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPelvic arteriovenous malformations are rare in male patients. We present a case of pelvic arteriovenous malformation involving the seminal vesicle.Case presentationA 58‐year‐old man was diagnosed with pelvic arteriovenous malformation that involved the left seminal vesicle by angiography. The patient underwent three embolization procedures and made favorable progress after the embolizations.ConclusionHerein, we report a rare case of pelvic arteriovenous malformation involving the seminal vesicle treated by embolizations with good outcome.
RT‐PCR in the early detection and monitoring of pathogen residual status in neonatal bacterial meningitis
Authors: Li Ying , Xiao Ruiqi , Zou Peicen , Du Yue , Lu Qinglin , Cui Jun , Wang Yajuan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundEarly identification of pathogenic bacteria and monitoring residual status are essential for accurate treatment of neonatal bacterial meningitis (NBM).MethodsClinical data and specimens were collected from neonates with NBM. Bacterial cultures and RT‐PCR of blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were compared to assess the positivity rate, sensitivity and specificity of each method.ResultsRT‐PCR had a higher positivity rate compared with cultures, regardless of whether antibiotics had been used prior to specimen collection. After 1 week of regular antibiotic treatment, the number of pathogen DNA copy numbers in CSF was either undetectable or significantly reduced compared with previous levels.ConclusionsRT‐PCR is expected to provide a basis for the precise application of antibiotics and the course of treatment for NBM, particularly in patients with negative cultures or those who have already been treated with antibiotics.
Liquidity forecasting at corporate and subsidiary levels using machine learning
Authors: Singh Vinay , Choubey Bhasker , Sauer Stephan 
Published: August 2024

SummaryLiquidity planning and forecasting are essential activities in corporate financial planning team. Traditionally, empirical models and techniques based on in‐house expertise have been used to navigate the numerous challenges of this forecasting activity. These challenges become more complex when the forecasting activities are extended to subsidiaries of a large firm. This paper presents a structured approach that utilizes 240 covariates to predict net liquidity, customer receipts, and payments to suppliers to improve the accuracy and efficiency of liquidity forecasting in subsidiaries and at the corporate level. The approach is empirically validated on a large corporation headquartered in Germany, with average annual revenue from 6 to 7 billion Euro spanning 80 countries. The proposed approach demonstrated superior performance over existing methods in six out of nine forecasts using the data from 2014 to 2018. These findings suggest that a firm's classical approach to liquidity forecasting can be effectively challenged and outperformed by the algorithmic approach.
Comparison of liver fibrosis scores and fatty liver on computed tomography as risk factors for severity of COVID‐19
Authors: Kamiya Yuji , Shinoda Masahiro , Ishii Naoki , Yamamoto Saki , Sekine Tetsuo , Morikawa Miwa , Ota Shinichiro , Toyama‐Kousaka Mio , Takahashi Hidenori , Takei Hiroaki , Shinkai Masaharu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and AimIncreased liver fibrosis scores (LFS), such as fibrosis‐4 index (FIB‐4) or non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS), and fatty liver are known risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). The purpose of this study was to identify the best scores, which predict the prognosis of COVID‐19.MethodsParticipants comprised consecutive Japanese COVID‐19 patients admitted to our hospital between February 14, 2020, and April 14, 2021. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationships between LFS (FIB‐4, NFS, aspartate aminotransferase‐to‐platelet ratio index [APRI], BARD score, and hepatic steatosis index [HSI]) or fatty liver on computed tomography (CT), and severity of COVID‐19.ResultsOf the 415 patients (mean age, 59 years), 177 patients (42.7%) needed oxygen therapy, 90 patients (21.7%) worsened to severe COVID‐19, and 45 patients (10.8%) died during admission. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that increased FIB‐4 and NFS were risk factors for death, severe COVID‐19, and oxygen demand; that increased BARD was a risk factor for severe COVID‐19 and oxygen demand; and that increased APRI and HSI were not risk factors for any status of COVID‐19. Furthermore, increased NFS or BARD and fatty liver were independent risk factors for severe COVID‐19 and oxygen demand.ConclusionsThis study showed that FIB‐4 and NFS were the best liver fibrosis scores that predicted worse prognosis for COVID‐19, and that increased NFS or BARD and fatty liver evident on CT represented independent risk factors for severe COVID‐19 and oxygen demand.
Elevated cerebrospinal fluid IgG index in herpes simplex encephalitis post‐HSV‐1 clearance: A preliminary study
Authors: Asakura Mao , Mizutani Yasuaki , Shima Sayuri , Kawamura Yoshiki , Ueda Akihiro , Ito Mizuki , Mutoh Tatsuro , Yoshikawa Tetsushi , Watanabe Hirohisa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHerpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is an acute form of encephalitis that can lead to poor neurological outcomes. Although the exact pathogenesis of HSE remains elusive, recent reports suggest a significant role for postinfectious immune‐inflammatory processes in the central nervous system (CNS). This study aimed to clarify the association between CNS autoimmune responses and clinical presentation in patients with HSE, focusing on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) characteristics, particularly the IgG index. We retrospectively analyzed 176 consecutive patients suspected of having aseptic meningitis /encephalitis for chronological changes in CSF findings and clinical presentations. These patients underwent PCR screening for herpesviruses (HV) in their CSF. We identified seven patients positive for herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1), 20 patients positive for varicella‐zoster virus, and 17 patients who met the criteria for aseptic meningitis but were PCR‐negative for HV. Patients in the HSV‐1‐positive group exhibited a significant increase in the IgG index at the time of PCR‐negative conversion compared with on admission (p = 0.0156), while such a change was not observed in the other two groups. Additionally, all patients in the HSV‐1‐positive group tested negative for anti‐neural autoantibodies in CSF and serum samples collected approximately 3 weeks after onset. This study, therefore, highlights that CSF IgG index elevation occurs even after PCR‐confirmed HSV‐1 clearance, which might indicate immunopathogenesis that is independent of antibody‐mediated mechanisms.
Diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease by analyzing acetylcholinesterase staining using artificial intelligence
Authors: Braun Yannick , Friedmacher Florian , Theilen Till‐Martin , Fiegel Henning C. , Weber Katharina , Harter Patrick N. , Rolle Udo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesClassical Hirschsprung disease (HD) is defined by the absence of ganglion cells in the rectosigmoid colon. The diagnosis is made from rectal biopsy, which reveals the aganglionosis and the presence of cholinergic hyperinnervation. However, depending on the method of rectal biopsy, the quality of the specimens and the related diagnostic accuracy varies substantially. To facilitate and objectify the diagnosis of HD, we investigated whether software‐based identification of cholinergic hyperinnervation in digitalized histopathology slides is suitable for distinguishing healthy individuals from affected individuals.MethodsN = 190 samples of 112 patients who underwent open surgical rectal biopsy at our pediatric surgery center between 2009 and 2019 were included in this study. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) stained slides of these samples were collected and digitalized via slide scanning and analyzed using two digital imaging software programs (HALO, QuPath). The AChE‐positive staining area in the mucosal layers of the intestinal wall was determined. In the next step machine learning was employed to identify patterns of cholinergic hyperinnervation.ResultsThe area of AChE‐positive staining was greater in HD patients compared to healthy individuals (p < 0.0001). Artificial intelligence‐based assessment of parasympathetic hyperinnervation identified HD with a high precision (area under the curve [AUC] 0.96). The accuracy of the prediction model increased when nonrectal samples were excluded (AUC 0.993).ConclusionsSoftware‐assisted machine‐learning analysis of AChE staining is suitable to improve the diagnostic accuracy of HD.
Posttransplant inflammatory bowel disease after successful solid organ transplantation: Not out of the woods yet
Authors: Wenzel Amanda A. , Saul Samantha , Kodiak Teresa , Whitehead Bridget , Strople Jennifer , Brown Jeffrey B. , Cohran Valeria 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesGastrointestinal symptoms can occur following pediatric solid organ transplantation (SOT), and a subset of children will develop chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) posttransplant. The goal of this study was to characterize patients who developed IBD following SOT, their treatment modalities, and clinical course.MethodsA retrospective review was performed of electronic medical records of patients 0–18 years of age who underwent heart, kidney, liver, or intestinal transplantation at our center from January 2009 to April 2019. Patients who developed IBD were included in the final analysis. Demographics, symptoms, and clinical information were recorded. Endoscopic and histologic data and initial and current medications were noted for each patient. Outcomes of interest included phenotype at the time of IBD diagnosis, surgical interventions for IBD, and clinical trajectory at last median follow‐up.ResultsEight patients with IBD after heart (n = 3, 37.5%), kidney (n = 2, 25.0%), liver (n = 1, 12.5%), intestinal (n = 1, 12.5%), or multivisceral (heart and kidney, n = 1, 12.5%) transplants were included. Before IBD diagnosis, most patients developed diarrhea (n = 5, 62.5%) and abdominal pain (n = 5, 62.5%). Abnormal endoscopic findings were most common in the colon. Patients were started on medications including 5‐aminosalicylates, steroids, and azathioprine. Two patients required biologic therapy and were receiving vedolizumab at last follow‐up. Some patients required adjustment of immune suppression.ConclusionsPosttransplant IBD can occur following SOT. Patients exhibit inflammatory, nonstricturing disease though one patient experienced fistulizing disease. Complications are uncommon and many patients enter remission with 5‐aminosalicylates alone, though some require adjustment in primary immune suppression.
Effects of climate change and deep fertilization on the growth and yield of winter wheat in the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Yang Cuiping , Qiu Zhiyuan , Wang Shuxian , Shen Hongzheng , Ma Xiaoyi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDGlobal temperature is projected to rise continuously under climate change, negatively impacting the growth and yield of winter wheat. Optimizing traditional agricultural measures is necessary to mitigate potential winter wheat yield losses caused by future climate change. This study aims to explore the variations in winter wheat growth and yield on the Loess Plateau of China under future climate change, identify the key meteorological factors affecting winter wheat growth and yield, and analyze the differences in winter wheat yield and root characteristics under different fertilization depths.RESULTSMeteorological data from 20 General Circulation Models were applied to drive the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer model, simulating the future growth characteristics of winter wheat under various fertilization depths. The Random Forest model was used to determine the relative importance of meteorological factors influencing winter wheat yield, root length density and leaf area index. The results showed that temperature and high emission concentration were primary factors influencing crop yield under future climate change. The temperature increase projected from 2021 to 2100 would be anticipated to shorten the phenology period of winter wheat by 2–16 days and reduce grain yield by 2.9–12.7% compared to the period from 1981 to 2020. Conversely, the root length density and root weight of winter wheat would increase by 1.2–10.9% and 0.2–24.1%, respectively, in the future, and excessive allocation of root system resources was identified as a key factor contributing to the reduction in winter wheat yield. Compared with the shallow fertilization treatment (N5), the deep fertilization treatments (N15 and N25) increased the proportion of roots in the deep soil layer (30–60 cm) by 2.7–10.2%. Because of the improvement in root structure, the decline in winter wheat yield under deep fertilization treatments in the future is expected to be reduced by 1.2% to 6.5%, whereas water use efficiency increases by 1.1% to 2.4% compared to the shallow fertilization treatment.CONCLUSIONThe deep fertilization treatment can enhance the root structure of winter wheat and increase the proportion of roots in the deep soil layer, thereby effectively mitigating the decline in winter wheat yield under future climate change. Overall, optimizing fertilization depth effectively addresses the reduced winter wheat yield risks and agricultural production challenges under future climate change. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Spatiotemporal expression analysis of jasmonic acid and saponin‐related genes uncovers a potential biosynthetic regulation in Panax notoginseng
Authors: Tong Yu‐Ru , Chen Kang , Jiang Zhou‐Qian , Tu Li‐Chan , Luo Yun‐Feng , Zheng Han , Zhao Ya‐Qiu , Shen Si‐Yu , Hu Ya‐Ting , Gao Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDSanqi, the root of Panax notoginseng, has long been recognized for its therapeutic effects on cardiovascular diseases. Saponins, including ginsenosides and notoginsenosides, are the main bioactive components of P. notoginseng. The biosynthesis of saponins is closely related to the defense responses orchestrated by endogenous hormones.RESULTSTo provide new insights into the underlying role of phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA) in the synthesis and regulation of saponins, we performed an ultra‐performance liquid chromatography analysis of different tissues of P. notoginseng aged 2–4 years. Moreover, by combined evaluation of saponin content and transcriptome profiling of each tissue, the spatial and temporal distribution of saponins was analyzed. N notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rb1 and ginsenoside Rd accumulated in the underground tissues, including the root, tuqi, fibril and rhizome. In agreement with this data, the corresponding genes of the endogenous hormone JAs, especially coronatine insensitive 1 (COI1) and myelocytomatosis proteins 2 (MYC2), were predominantly expressed in the underground tissues. The tissue‐ and age‐specific distribution of saponins was consistent with the expression of genes involved in JA biosynthetic, metabolic and signaling pathways.CONCLUSIONThe present study has revealed the temporal and spatial effects of endogenous phtohormones in the synthesis and regulation of notoginsenosides, which will provide a significant impact on improving the ecological planting technology, cultivating new high‐quality varieties and protecting the rare resources of medicinal P. notoginseng. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Clinical implications of linking microstructure, spatial biochemical, spatial biomechanical, and radiological features in ligamentum flavum degeneration
Authors: Azril Azril , Huang Kuo‐Yuan , Liu Hsin‐Yi , Liao Wei‐An , Liu Wen‐Lung , Hobley Jonathan , Jeng Yeau‐Ren 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe ligamentum flavum (LF) degeneration is a critical factor in spinal stenosis, leading to nerve compression and pain. Even with new treatment options becoming available, it is vital to have a better understanding of LF degeneration to ensure the effectiveness of these treatments.ObjectiveThis study aimed to provide insight into LF degeneration by examining the connections between various aspects of LF degeneration, including histology, microstructure, chemical composition, and biomechanics.MethodWe analyzed 30 LF samples from 27 patients with lumbar vertebrae, employing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to link lumbar disc degeneration grades with fibrosis levels in the tissue. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis assessed microstructural alterations in the LF matrix component due to degeneration progression. Instrumented nanoindentation combined with Raman spectroscopy explored the spatial microbiomechanical and biochemical characteristics of the LF's ventral and dorsal regions.ResultsOur outcomes revealed a clear association between the severity of LF fibrosis grades and increasing LF thickness. XRD analysis showed a rise in crystalline components and hydroxyapatite molecules with progressing degeneration. Raman spectroscopy detected changes in the ratio of phosphate, proteoglycan, and proline/hydroxyproline over the amide I band, indicating alterations in the extracellular matrix composition. Biomechanical testing demonstrated that LF tissue becomes stiffer and less extensible with increasing fibrosis.DiscussionNotably, the micro‐spatial assessment revealed the dorsal side of the LF experiencing more significant mechanical stress, alongside more pronounced biochemical and biomechanical changes compared to the ventral side. Degeneration of the LF involves complex processes that affect tissue histology, chemical composition, and biomechanics. It is crucial to fully understand these changes to develop new and effective treatments for spinal stenosis. These findings can improve diagnostic accuracy, identify potential biomarkers and treatment targets, guide personalized treatment strategies, advance tissue engineering approaches, help make informed clinical decisions, and educate patients about LF degeneration.
Vulnerability to lead toxicosis and bioindicator utility of deer scavengers in New York
Authors: Eleftheriou Andreas , Hynes Kevin , Clark Michael , Schuler Krysten 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLead (Pb) is a heavy metal with no clear biological benefit that is toxic to wildlife and humans. Although Pb has been banned from several consumer products, it is not regulated in ammunition for big‐game hunting (e.g., cervids) in New York, USA. Wildlife species that scavenge remains of game harvested with Pb ammunition can be exposed to bullet fragments through ingestion and potentially develop toxicosis. To make evidence‐based decisions for reducing risk from bullet‐derived Pb, we first empirically identified avian and mammalian scavengers of white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) remains in New York through an online survey during July‐August 2023, where community members submitted images of scavengers from game cameras. We conducted species vulnerability and utility assessments using published evidence and pre‐existing frameworks. Despite inherent limitations, we documented an extensive array of avian (n = 17) and mammalian (n = 14) scavengers. We estimated bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) as most vulnerable to Pb toxicosis, followed collectively by American goshawks (Accipiter atricapillus), American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos), and common ravens (C. corax). We also determined bald eagles to be best‐suited as bioindicators of bullet‐derived Pb, followed by American goshawks. Red‐tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) and great horned owls (Bubo virginianus) equally ranked third. Integrating vulnerability and utility assessments point to bald eagles as the most vulnerable scavengers to Pb toxicosis and best‐suited bioindicators of bullet‐derived Pb. Because regulation of Pb ammunition for big‐game hunting is an ongoing socio‐political issue, wildlife managers and conservationists can address health risks through monitoring species vulnerable to toxicosis and instituting surveillance programs using the most effective bioindicators.