bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical analysis of an all-fiber plasmonic polarization filter using dual elliptical gold thin layers deposited photonic crystal fiber
Authors: Xu Yiming , Liu Chenxun , Chen Nan , Ding Xin , Cao Shuhua , Guo Luhao , Wu Tiancheng , Wu Xiaoxin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In order to solve the problems of high performance and small size incompatibility, as well as limited bandwidth, of traditional polarization filters in optical communication systems, this work presents an all-fiber polarization filter using dual elliptical gold layer deposited photonic crystal fiber by the finite element tool. The gold layers are plated on the inside of the two elliptical holes to create surface plasmon resonance effect, which cause the signal intensity in x-polarized direction to be much greater than that in y-polarized direction. The simulation results illustrate that when hole-to-hole pitch Λ is 2.0 μm, cladding hole diameter d
1 is 2.0 μm, two inner-holes’ diameter d
2 is 0.3 μm, spacing between two inner-holes d

s
is 0.755 μm, the major axis length of elliptical holes a is 2.0 μm, the minor axis length of elliptical holes b is 0.97 μm, the gold thin layer t is 100 nm, the proposed PCF filter exhibits good filtering performance at the communication wavelength of 1.55 μm, where the confinement loss in x- and y-polarized direction are 303.91 dB cm−1 and 0.06 dB cm−1, respectively. The crosstalk and operating bandwidth improve with the increment of device’s length, the 800 μm-long PCF filter possesses the maximum crosstalk of −211.14 dB and the bandwidth of 600 nm. Finally, the experimental scheme is also discussed. We believe that this photonic filter can play a significant role in optical communication, optical sensing, spectral analysis, and other related fields.
Influence of cenosphere reinforcement on microstructure, microhardness, and corrosion behavior of Al5052 alloy matrix composite produced by compo casting method
Authors: Sheikh Khursheed Ahmad , Mir Fayaz Ahmad , Maqbool Annayath , Qureshi Tabrez 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The study investigates AA5052alloy matrix composite (MMC) with varying cenosphere particle percentages. Compo-casting integrated cenosphere fly ash particles (2, 4 and 6) wt% into the alloy, improving distribution and wettability. Microhardness increased with higher reinforcement, peaking at 87 Hv with 6% addition. Corrosion resistance in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution showed improved values compared to the base alloy with lowest corrosion rate of 0.144 mmpy for the composite with 6% reinforcement. The study highlights importance of cenosphere reinforcement in enhancing microstructure, hardness, and corrosion resistance in AA5052 MMCs.
Topological structures and adsorption properties of the [Fe4S4] clusters
Authors: Wang Xi , Chen Libin , Yan Yule , Liu Qiman , Zhang Manli 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The [Fe4S4] compositions are ubiquitous in biological systems as integral parts of the complex catalytic mechanisms as in hydrogenases and nitrogenases. The current reports about [Fe4S4] species are based on the cube-like structure framework. Here, the topological structures, stability and electronic properties of gas phase [Fe4S4]+, [Fe4S4]0 and [Fe4S4]− are analyzed. It is found that ground state structures of these three clusters have similar cubic cages but different symmetries and spin multiplicities. The molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that the cubic cage remains thermodynamically stable at 700 K. The density of states show that the charge state is the key to affect electronic behaviors of them even under the same structural framework. The molecular orbitals show that the LUMO orbitals are distributed throughout whole structures, showing great delocalized characteristics, especially for the anionic [Fe4S4]−, while the HOMO orbits are mainly localized in Fe-S bonds, which are also confirmed by the electron localization function analyses. After one CO molecule is adsorbed on these clusters, it prefers to locate at the Fe atoms. Moreover, the C–O bond length and vibration frequency of the [Fe4S4]−-CO undergone a significant red shift. Our work shows that the [Fe4S4]− may act as a potential catalyst for activating the C–O bond.
High-gain H-plane SIW horn antenna loaded with dielectric slab for ku band low RCS applications
Authors: Kumar Ajit , Yadav Subash Chandra , Rao V Sivavenkateswara , Duttagupta S P 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article presents the design, simulation and experimental measurements of an H-Plane substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) Horn Antenna Loaded with FR-4 Slab for Low RCS (radar cross section) applications like defence sector at Ku band (12-16 GHz). The design facilitates high gain and good impedance bandwidth (IBW). Also, the proposed structure has simple feed, planar structure with low-cost FR-4 substrate as dielectric material and decomposed into two parts. The former part of the antenna is the feeding part, which consists of two metallic plates filled with air substrate and a 90-degree corner reflector designed by shortening the metallic plates. The later part of the antenna is loaded with the FR-4 substrate that enhance the peak gain of the structure significantly. A simple coaxial probe is employed for the excitation of the corner reflector antenna. After the design is conferred by simulations, the same is fabricated and the performance measured experimentally. The experimental results are in close agreement with the simulated results. The design has yielded a 10 dB bandwidth of 30% (11.6–16 GHz), and a stable endfire radiation pattern over the entire bandwidth with a peak gain of 18.5 dBi at 14 GHz. Also, the design has F/B ratio > 20 dB over entire 10 dB bandwidth. Moreover, the antenna produced low RCS < 20 dB(m2) from −30° to +180° of elevation angle. Therefore antenna can’t easily detected from the radar system and suitable for defence applications.
Simulation study of a highly sensitive I-shaped Plasmonic nanosensor for sensing of biomolecules
Authors: Chauhan Diksha , Sbeah Zen , Sorathiya Vishal , Adhikari Rammani , Dwivedi Ram Prakash 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper presents the design and simulation of an I-shaped metal insulator metal waveguide-based nanosensor for biosensing applications. The device’s sensing property is investigated using the three-dimensional finite element method. In the proposed design a I-shaped cavity is coupled to the main waveguide that serves as a resonator to generate the resonance peaks. The refractive index of the material to be sensed is filled inside the I-shaped cavity. This sensor operates in the near and mid-infrared wavelength ranges. The device can identify a variety of biomolecules, including cancer cells and bacterial samples. The simulation results reveal that device shows different resonance dips for different refractive indexes of cancer cells. The device can obtain sensitivity of 1550 nm RIU−1 and 1250 nm RIU−1 among refractive index of normal and cancerous cell for basal and hella cancer cells, respectively. Instead of all these biomolecules, the nanosensor shows different resonance dips in the transmittance spectrum for DNA, RNA, and ribonucleoprotein. Furthermore, the sensor has demonstrated potential applicability as an HB concentration detector and for sensing other blood components. Moreover, we improved the structure characteristics by varying the length and centre area of the cavity, demonstrating that modifying the device parameters can boost sensitivity. After making structural adjustments to the device, the maximum sensitivity of 3000 nm RIU−1 is achieved for some bacterial samples.
Pulsations of Three Rapidly Oscillating Ap Stars TIC 96315731, TIC 72392575, and TIC 318007796
Authors: Zhong Hai-Jian , Shen Dong-Xiang , Zhu Chun-Hua , Liu He-Lei , Guo Su-Fen , Lü Guo-Liang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We analyze the frequencies of three known roAp stars, TIC 96315731, TIC 72392575, and TIC 318007796, using the light curves from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. For TIC 96315731, the rotational and pulsational frequencies are 0.1498360 day−1 and 165.2609 day−1, respectively. In the case of TIC 72392575, the rotational frequency is 0.25551 day−1. We detect a quintuplet of pulsation frequencies with a center frequency of 135.9233 day−1, along with two signals within the second pair of rotational sidelobes of the quintuplet separated by the rotation frequency. These two signals may correspond to the frequencies of a dipole mode. In TIC 318007796, the rotational and pulsational frequencies are 0.2475021 day−1, 192.73995 day−1, and 196.33065 day−1, respectively. Based on the oblique pulsator model, we calculate the rotation inclination

i

and magnetic obliquity angle

β

for the stars, which provide the geometry of the pulsation modes. Combining the phases of the frequency quintuplets, the pulsation amplitude and phase modulation curves, and the results of spherical harmonic decomposition, we conclude that the pulsation modes of frequency quintuplets in TIC 96315731, TIC 72392575, and TIC 318007796 correspond to distorted dipole mode, distorted quadrupole mode, and distorted dipole mode, respectively.
From the Fokker–Planck equation to a contact Hamiltonian system
Authors: Goto Shin-itiro 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Fokker–Planck equation is one of the fundamental equations in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics, and this equation is known to be derived from the Wasserstein gradient flow equation with a free energy. This gradient flow equation describes relaxation processes and is formulated on a Riemannian manifold. Meanwhile contact Hamiltonian systems are also known to describe relaxation processes. Hence a relation between these two equations is expected to be clarified, which gives a solid foundation in geometric statistical mechanics. In this paper a class of contact Hamiltonian systems is derived from a class of the Fokker–Planck equations on Riemannian manifolds. In the course of the derivation, the Fokker–Planck equation is shown to be written as a diffusion equation with a weighted Laplacian without any approximation, which enables to employ a theory of eigenvalue problems.
Indonesian sustainable development policy: How the government ensures the environment for future generations
Authors: Arifin R , Masyhar A , Sumardiana B , Ramada D P , Kamal U , Fikri S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Indonesian government’s commitment to sustainable development reflects its recognition of the imperative to balance economic growth with environmental preservation for the well-being of future generations. This study explores the multifaceted approach that Indonesia has adopted to ensure a harmonious environment for the years to come. Indonesia’s sustainable development policy centers on the integration of environmental, social, and economic considerations. By emphasizing collaboration between different sectors, the government aims to achieve long-term prosperity without compromising ecological integrity. One pivotal aspect is the promotion of renewable energy sources, such as geothermal, hydroelectric, and solar power, to diminish dependency on fossil fuels and mitigate climate change impacts. This strategy is coupled with efforts to enhance energy efficiency and reduce carbon emissions across industries. The policy also accentuates sustainable urban development as Indonesia’s urbanization rate surges. Integrated planning approaches prioritize green spaces, efficient public transportation, and waste management systems. The aim is to curtail pollution, enhance urban resilience, and provide citizens with a high quality of life. Additionally, the government emphasizes education and awareness campaigns to foster environmentally conscious citizens who understand the significance of their actions in shaping the future. Equity and social welfare constitute integral components of the sustainable development agenda. The government is committed to poverty reduction, improved healthcare, and education access, recognizing that social development is intertwined with environmental health. By empowering marginalized communities and ensuring equitable access to resources, Indonesia strives to create a just and sustainable society.
Increasing shallot yields by using solid organic fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer on dryland
Authors: Lasmini S A , Idham I , Tambing Y , Nasir B H , Tegar M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Palu’s local shallot are very popular because they have a distinctive texture, taste and aroma. This research aims to determine the effect of the dose of cow manure and the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of the Palu Valley variety of shallots. The research was carried out in Bulupountu Jaya Village, Sigi Biromaru District, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi, from May 2023 to September 2023. The research used a randomized block design (RBD) with a factorial pattern. The first factor was the dose of cow manure which consisted of 3 levels, namely: S0 = no cow manure, S1 = 10 tons/ha and S2 = 20 tons/ha. The second factor was the fertilizer concentration. liquid organic which consists of 3 levels, namely: H1= 5 mL/L water and H2= 10 mL/L water, and H3 = 15 mL/L water. Each experimental unit was repeated 3 times so that there were 27 experimental units. The research results showed that there was an interaction between the dose of cow manure and the concentration of herbafarm’s liquid organic fertilizer on plant height, number of leaves, bulb diameter, fresh weight of bulbs and shallot bulb yield per hectare. Cow manure treatment with a dose of 20 tons/ha and a liquid organic fertilizer concentration of 15 mL/L of water gave the highest yield of shallot compared to other treatments.
The utilization of the discrete event simulation method in scheduling repetitive construction
Authors: Fadjar A , Ali A A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The critical path method (CPM) has been widely used in construction project scheduling. However, it is not very suitable for repetitive construction like residential complex projects. Discrete event simulation (DES) is a common approach used in manufacturing operational management. Since the construction of a residential complex is similar to the production line with a conveyor belt system found in the manufacturing process, this study argues that the scheduling of the construction of a residential complex can be done using discrete event simulation. A residential compound project designed for low-income community housing with 10 houses was simulated using the Simul8 simulation package. The simulation results show that the completion time of 10 houses was 153 days regardless of the inter-arrival time. The study findings also show that it is also possible to schedule each house for any inter-arrival time.
The role of graphene oxide reduction in increasing the efficiency of DSSC
Authors: Hatib R , Anwar K , Magga R , Prasetya A B 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a solar cell device that works using electrochemical principles where the sensitive dye is absorbed in the TiO2 photoelectrode layer. The problem with DSSC is lower efficiency than silicon solar cells. This low efficiency is due to the presence of barriers to electron transfer in the TiO2 semiconductor layer, causing electrons to easily recombine back into the oxidized dye and electrolyte. In this study, the addition of reduced Grahene Oxide (rGO) to the TiO2 layer was used to increase electron transfer in the semiconductor layer which resulted in increased DSSC efficiency. The semiconductor layer was prepared in rGO hybrid with TiO2. The semiconductor layer deposition method on Transparent Fluorine-doped Tin Oxide (FTO) glass was carried out using the doctor blade method. Testing of DSSC characteristics consisted of testing functional groups in the DSSC layer analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and the crystal structure of the DSSC layer was analyzed using an X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD). Photovoltaic testing of DSSC was measured using a data logger to determine DSSC performance. The results of the photovoltaic test showed that the addition of rGO could improve the performance of DSSC, with the test results showing the highest efficiency of DSSC when adding rGO was 0.0198%.
Status of Soil Chemical Properties in Areas Affected by Liquefaction Disaster in Petobo sub-district Central Sulawesi Indonesia
Authors: Somba B E , Zainuddin R , Tantri S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Good and fertile soil is soil that can provide nutrients adequately and in balance to be absorbed by plants. Soil comes from weathering rocks with the help of organisms, forming unique bodies that cover rocks. Liquefaction is a phenomenon when the strength and stiffness of the soil decrease due to an earthquake or other ground movement. This is a process or event of changing soil properties from a solid state to a liquid state. The purpose of this study is to determine the chemical properties of soil (soil pH, C-organic, N-total, P-total, K-total, and CEC). In areas affected by liquefaction in Petobo Village, South Palu District, Central Sulawesi-Indonesia. The method used in this study is a direct survey method in the field, then continued soil sampling at several points according to the coordinate points carried out by purposive sampling techniques. The status of soil chemical properties at 3 sample points affected by liquefaction and 1 sample point not affected by liquefaction in Petobo Village is classified as very low to very high. Areas affected by liquefaction have neutral to slightly alkaline soil pH content, very low to low C-organic content, very low N-total content, very high P-total content, low K-total content, and medium to high CEC content. Meanwhile, areas that are not affected by liquefaction have neutral soil pH content, very low to low C-organic content, very low N-total content, very high P-total content, low K-total content, and medium to high CEC content.
Comprehensive characterization of spathe fibres extracted from Cocos nucifera: physical, chemical, mechanical, thermal, and acoustic properties for insulation applications
Authors: Alagarsamy Muralikrishnan , Pitchipoo P , Kumar Senthil 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this study, a complete characterization of fibres extracted from the spathe of the Cocos nucifera plant and the properties of spathe fibres are compared with coir fibre extracted from the outer husk of coconut. Coconut spathe fibre is available as bio waste in bulk. The spathe fibres were carefully extracted, pre-treated with NaOH, and porous nonwoven fibre mat were prepared. The physical properties of spathe fibres were measured as per ASTM standards, and average length, diameter, and linear density were found to be 222 mm, 330 μm, and 58.85 tex, respectively. Chemical compositions, XRD analysis, single fibre tensile strength and elongation, morphological analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermal characterization by TGA were also carried out. Spathe fibres treated with NaOH resulted in a 5% reduction in crystallinity index and more surface unevenness and pits. Developing acoustic insulation fibre mat from spathe fibre is a first-of-its-kind study. The sound absorption coefficient of the spathe fibre mat obtained from the impedance tube tester brings out a maximum absorption coefficient of 0.950 at 3150 Hz. The results were compared with coir fibre extracted from the outer husk of coconut and concluded that coconut spathe fibre is a suitable alternative for synthetic and other natural fibres.
Solid-state diffusion bonding for INCONEl 617 superalloy using field-assisted sintering technology (FAST) guided by CALPHAD approach
Authors: Degnah A , Alnaser H F , Kurdi A , Al-Gawati M A , Madkhali N A , Haneklaus N , Alhazaa A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study investigates solid-state diffusion bonding between two INCONEL 617 alloy samples using field-assisted sintering technology (FAST). The study focuses on analyzing the faying surface validating the theoretical alloy design modeling done by the CALculation of PHAse Diagrams (CALPHAD) approach followed by experimental validation. Varying kinetics’ limitations enabled phase stability and phase control governed by the CALPHAD approach alloy design. The alloy design contains a pseudo-binary phase diagram assisted with thermal mapping of a property phase diagram to obtain the optimum temperature of solid-state diffusion bonding while understanding phase fields and their evolution through Molybdenum (Mo) increasing content and temperature increase. The FAST parameters recommended by CALPHAD were 800 °C under 10 MPa pressure with a holding time of 30 min. The investigation observations were promising in a way that the faying surface contains gamma (γ) only, while the further region on the alloy contains γ and gamma prime (γ′). It is worth mentioning that FAST joining resulted in fine faying surface thickness of around 10 μm and a controlled heat affected zone (HAZ) leading to relevant reduction in the recrystallization zone yielding an average grain size of 60–100 μm before and after diffusion bonding. Furthermore, two modes of metal carbide (MC) have been found; MC formed under the faying surface and micro-MC pools formed around the faying surface.
VUV imaging of type-I ELM filamentary structures and their temporal characteristics on EAST
Authors: DENG 邓 Rongjing 荣婧 , MING 明 Tingfeng 廷凤 , LI 李 Bang 邦 , SHI 石 Qiqi 奇奇 , HOU 侯 Shanwei 善伟 , YANG 杨 Shuqi 书琪 , LIU 刘 Xiaoju 晓菊 , LIU 刘 Shaocheng 少承 , LI 李 Guoqiang 国强 , GAO 高 Xiang 翔 , SUZUKI Yasuhiro , LIANG 梁 Yunfeng 云峰 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the H-mode experiments conducted on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), fluctuations induced by the so-called edge localized modes (ELMs) are captured by a high-speed vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) imaging system. Clear field line-aligned filamentary structures are analyzed in this work. Ion transport induced by ELM filaments in the scrape-off layer (SOL) under different discharge conditions is analyzed by comparing the VUV signals with the divertor probe signals. It is found that convective transport along open field lines towards the divertor target dominates the parallel ion particle transport mechanism during ELMs. The toroidal mode number of the filamentary structure derived from the VUV images increases with the electron density pedestal height. The analysis of the toroidal distribution characteristics during ELM bursts reveals toroidal asymmetry. The influence of resonance magnetic perturbation (RMP) on the ELM size is also analyzed using VUV imaging data. When the phase difference of the coil changes periodically, the widths of the filaments change as well. Additionally, the temporal evolution of the ELMs on the VUV signals provides rise time and decay time for each single ELM event, and the results indicate a negative correlation trend between these two times.