bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved blood pressure, nitric oxide and asymmetric dimethylarginine are independent after bariatric surgery
Authors: Patle R , Dubb S , Alaghband-Zadeh J , Sherwood R A , Tam F , Frankel A , Moniz C , Bueter M , Vincent R P , le Roux C W 
Published: October 2012

Background Obesity is associated with hypertension, but the exact mechanism is not fully understood. Bariatric surgery significantly decreases weight and blood pressure (BP). Low plasma nitric oxide (NO) and raised asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of NO, concentrations are associated with both obesity and hypertension. Correlations between the changes in these parameters were studied after bariatric surgery. Methods Weight, BP, plasma ADMA and NO were measured in 29 obese patients (24 female, 5 male) before and six weeks after bariatric surgery. Results Patients were 39.2 ± 1.2 (mean ± SEM) years old and weighed 126 ± 3 kg. Six weeks after the surgery, patients had lost 10 ± 0.7 kg ( P < 0.0001) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreased by 11 ± 1.0 mmHg ( P < 0.0001). The plasma ADMA concentration decreased by 24 ± 2% from 5 ± 0.4 to 4.0 ± 0.3 μmol/L ( P < 0.0001). The plasma total nitrite concentration increased by 15 ± 1% from 51.4 ± 2.6 to 60 ± 3 μmol/L ( P < 0.0001). The correlation between the decrease of ADMA and increase of NO subsequent to weight loss was significant ( P < 0.0001). However, MAP was not correlated to the changes in ADMA or NO. Conclusions After bariatric surgery, beneficial changes in BP, NO and ADMA occur, but our findings suggest that these BP changes are independent of changes in the NO–ADMA axis. Other causes for the changes in BP should therefore be considered.
Die Tagebücher von Galeazzo Ciano
Authors: Hof Tobias 
Published: October 2012

Vorspann
Bei Egodokumenten ist Vorsicht geboten. Im Falle der Ciano-Tagebücher 1937- 1943 gilt das im besonderen Maße: Der ehemalige Außenminister des Duce und seine Frau Edda hatten viele Motive und Möglichkeiten, das Tagebuch zu „frisieren“. Tobias Hof, Mitarbeiter im Institut für Zeitgeschichte München-Berlin, zeichnet die abenteuerliche Geschichte der wertvollen Quelle bis zur Veröffentlichung nach, er thematisiert die vielen Ungereimtheiten und Verstümmelungen und plädiert schließlich für eine vorsichtig-umsichtige Nutzung dieses Dokuments aus dem innersten Kreis des faschistischen Regimes, das längst eine kritische Neuausgabe verdient hätte.
Zwischen Globalisierung, internationalen Organisationen und „global governance“
Authors: Kunkel Sönke 
Published: October 2012

Vorspann
Im März 1964 begann in Genf die erste Welthandelskonferenz - eine Konferenz, die nicht zuletzt durch den Zusammenschluss zahlreicher Schwellen- und Entwicklungsländer zur Gruppe 77 die Aufmerksamkeit der Weltöffentlichkeit erregte. Sönke Kunkel, Historiker an der Jacobs Universität Bremen, zeigt, dass mit dem Treffen in Genf nicht nur ein neuer Diskurs über Globalisierung entstand, sondern auch ein Prozess in Gang kam, der die Transformation des internationalen Systems beschleunigte, neue Akteure begünstigte und damit das Spielfeld der globalen Politik nachhaltig veränderte.
Bone mineral loss induced by anticancer treatment for gynecological malignancies in premenopausal women
Authors: Nishio Keina , Tanabe Akiko , Maruoka Risa , Nakamura Kiyoko , Takai Masaaki , Sekijima Tatsuharu , Tunetoh Satoshi , Terai Yoshito , Ohmichi Masahide 
Published: October 2012

Objective
Although surgical menopause may increase the risks of osteoporosis, few studies have investigated the influence of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of treatments for gynecological malignancies on bone mineral density (BMD).

Methods
This study enrolled 35 premenopausal women (15 ovarian cancers (OCs), 9 endometrial cancers (ECs), and 11 cervical cancers (CCs)) who underwent surgical treatment that included bilateral oophorectomy with or without adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy in OC and EC patients, or concurrent chemo-radiation therapy (CCRT) in CC patients according to the established protocols at the Osaka Medical College Hospital between 2006 and 2008. The BMD of the lumbar spine (L1–L4) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and urine cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen (NTx) and bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) were assessed for evaluation of bone resorption and bone formation respectively. These assessments were performed at baseline and 12 months after treatment.

Results
Although the serum BAP was significantly increased only in the CC group, a rapid increase in the bone resorption marker urinary NTx was observed in all groups. The BMD, 12 months after CCRT was significantly decreased in the CC group at 91.9±5.9% (P<0.05 in comparison to the baseline).

Conclusion
This research suggests that anticancer therapies for premenopausal women with gynecological malignancies increase bone resorption and may reduce BMD, particularly in CC patients who have received CCRT. Therefore, gynecologic cancer survivors should be educated about these potential risks and complications.
Clinical Utility of Chromosomal Microarray Analysis
Authors: Ellison Jay W. , Ravnan J. Britt , Rosenfeld Jill A. , Morton S. Annie , Neill Nicholas J. , Williams Marc S. , Lewis Jodi , Torchia Beth S. , Walker Cathryn , Traylor Ryan N. , Moles Kimberly , Miller Elizabeth , Lantz Jennifer , Valentin Caitlin , Minier Sara L. , Leiser Kimberly , Powell Berkley R. , Wilks Timothy M. , Shaffer Lisa G. 
Published: October 2012

OBJECTIVE:
To test the hypothesis that chromosomal microarray analysis frequently diagnoses conditions that require specific medical follow-up and that referring physicians respond appropriately to abnormal test results.

METHODS:
A total of 46 298 postnatal patients were tested by chromosomal microarray analysis for a variety of indications, most commonly intellectual disability/developmental delay, congenital anomalies, dysmorphic features, and neurobehavioral problems. The frequency of detection of abnormalities associated with actionable clinical features was tallied, and the rate of physician response to a subset of abnormal tests results was monitored.

RESULTS:
A total of 2088 diagnoses were made of more than 100 different disorders that have specific clinical features that warrant follow-up. The detection rate for these conditions using high-resolution whole-genome microarrays was 5.4%, which translates to 35% of all clinically significant abnormal test results identified in our laboratory. In a subset of cases monitored for physician response, appropriate clinical action was taken more than 90% of the time as a direct result of the microarray finding.

CONCLUSIONS:
The disorders diagnosed by chromosomal microarray analysis frequently have clinical features that need medical attention, and physicians respond to the diagnoses with specific clinical actions, thus arguing that microarray testing provides clinical utility for a significant number of patients tested.
Genotype Prediction of Adult Type 2 Diabetes From Adolescence in a Multiracial Population
Authors: Vassy Jason L. , DasMahapatra Pronabesh , Meigs James B. , Schork Nicholas J. , Magnussen Costan G. , Chen Wei , Raitakari Olli T. , Pencina Michael J. , Jamal Seema M. , Berenson Gerald S. , Goodman Elizabeth 
Published: October 2012

BACKGROUND:
Understanding the risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) early in the life course is important for prevention. Whether genetic information improves prediction models for diabetes from adolescence into adulthood is unknown.

METHODS:
With the use of data from 1030 participants in the Bogalusa Heart Study aged 12 to 18 followed into middle adulthood, we built Cox models for incident T2D with risk factors assessed in adolescence (demographics, family history, physical examination, and routine biomarkers). Models with and without a 38 single-nucleotide polymorphism diabetes genotype score were compared by C statistics and continuous net reclassification improvement indices.

RESULTS:
Participant mean (± SD) age at baseline was 14.4 ± 1.6 years, and 32% were black. Ninety (8.7%) participants developed T2D over a mean 26.9 ± 5.0 years of follow-up. Genotype score significantly predicted T2D in all models. Hazard ratios ranged from 1.09 per risk allele (95% confidence interval 1.03–1.15) in the basic demographic model to 1.06 (95% confidence interval 1.00–1.13) in the full model. The addition of genotype score did not improve the discrimination of the full clinical model (C statistic 0.756 without and 0.760 with genotype score). In the full model, genotype score had weak improvement in reclassification (net reclassification improvement index 0.261).

CONCLUSIONS:
Although a genotype score assessed among white and black adolescents is significantly associated with T2D in adulthood, it does not improve prediction over clinical risk factors. Genetic screening for T2D in its current state is not a useful addition to adolescents’ clinical care.
Comparison of One-Tier and Two-Tier Newborn Screening Metrics for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Authors: Sarafoglou Kyriakie , Banks Kathryn , Gaviglio Amy , Hietala Amy , McCann Mark , Thomas William 
Published: October 2012

BACKGROUND:
Newborn screening (NBS) for the classic forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is mandated in all states in the United States. Compared with other NBS disorders, the false-positive rate (FPR) of CAH screening remains high and has not been significantly improved by adjusting 17α-hydroxyprogesterone cutoff values for birth weight and/or gestational age. Minnesota was the first state to initiate, and only 1 of 4 states currently performing, second-tier steroid profiling for CAH. False-negative rates (FNRs) for CAH are not well known.

METHODS:
This is a population-based study of all Minnesota infants (769 834) born 1999–2009, grouped by screening protocol (one-tier with repeat screen, January 1999 to May 2004; two-tier with second-tier steroid profiling, June 2004 to December 2009). FPR, FNR, and positive predictive value (PPV) were calculated per infant, rather than per sample, and compared between protocols.

RESULTS:
Overall, 15 false-negatives (4 salt-wasting, 11 simple-virilizing) and 45 true-positives were identified from 1999 to 2009. With two-tier screening, FNR was 32%, FPR increased to 0.065%, and PPV decreased to 8%, but these changes were not statistically significant. Second-tier steroid profiling obviated repeat screens of borderline results (355 per year average).

CONCLUSIONS:
In comparing the 2 screening protocols, the FPR of CAH NBS remains high, the PPV remains low, and false-negatives occur more frequently than has been reported. Physicians should be cautioned that a negative NBS does not necessarily rule out classic CAH; therefore, any patient for whom there is clinical concern for CAH should receive immediate diagnostic testing.
«Smart Wells» is a Key to Production Enhancement from Low Permeable Reservoirs
Authors: Gulyaev Danila , Ipatov Andrey , Krichevskiy Vladimir 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Recently the problems of the expansion of "smart wells" in Russia are discussed a lot, but there are still only few real global achievements in this direction. The major reason of the delay of transferring well-known western technology "smart wells" in Russian reality is its high unit cost. However an increase of hydrocarbons production and recovery from low permeable reservoirs using complex completion wells can't be achieved without moving to modern automated systems of «online» wells monitoring and layers control.
First Channel Fracturing Applied in Mature Wells Increases Production from Talinskoe Oilfield in Western Siberia
Authors: Kayumov Rifat , Klyubin Artem , Yudin Alexey , Enkababian Philippe , Leskin Fedor , Davidenko Igor , Kaluder Zdenko 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
In the last two decades, hydraulic fracturing has become a routine completion practice in most oilfields producing from the low- and medium-permeability Jurassic formations in western Siberia. To optimize hydraulic fracture conductivity, operators and service companies were progressively decreasing polymer loading in fracturing fluids, developing new polymer-free fluids, implementing foams as fracturing fluids, increasing proppant size and concentration, enhancing polymer breaker performance, increasing breaker concentration, and implementing the tip screenout technique. All these methods have some positive impact on proppant pack conductivity but lead to higher risk of premature screenout. The intrinsic limitations stem from the fact that conductivity is created by the proppant pack, which physically limits permeability. The new channel fracturing technique allows development of an open network of flow channels within the proppant pack; thus, the fracture conductivity is enabled by such channels rather than by flow through the pores between proppant grains in the proppant pack. The channel fracturing technique is capable of increasing fracture conductivity by up to two orders of magnitude.
Talinskoe field, located near Nyagan, Russia, produces from a series of Jurassic sublayers at depths of 2270 to 2700 m. Several oil-saturated sandstone sublayers are separated by shale barriers, and their development is conducted separately. For some wells, production from bottom sublayers JK10 and JK11 became uneconomical due to injection water breakthrough or low liquid rates. Production in these wells was switched to upper layers JK2 through JK9 after perforation and stimulation operations. Five of these wells were stimulated with the channel fracturing technique. Six-month of post-frac production data were compared with production data from eight offset wells stimulated recently via conventional hydraulic fracturing. The wells stimulated with the channel fracturing technology showed an average productivity index about 51% higher. This production effect still remains positive. The absence of screenouts confirmed reliability in proppant placement observed in other projects worldwide.
The successful implementation of the channel fracturing technique in brownfield development is described in detail with a theoretical and operational review, results from laboratory experiments, and analysis of the production results in comparison with conventional fracturing.
New Software for Processing of LWD Extra-Deep and Azimuthal Resistivity Data
Authors: Sviridov M. , Mosin A. , Antonov Yu. , Nikitenko M. , Martakov S. , Rabinovich M. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
In petroleum exploration, reservoir navigation is used for reaching a productive reservoir and placing the borehole optimally inside the reservoir to maximize production. For proper well placement, it is necessary to calculate in real-time parameters of the formation we are drilling in, and the parameters of formations we are approaching. Based on these results, a decision to change the direction of drilling could be made. Modern logging while drilling (LWD) extra-deep and azimuthal resistivity tools acquire multi-component, multi-spacing, and multi-frequency data that provide sufficient information for resolving the surrounding formation parameters. These tools are generally used for reservoir navigation and real-time formation evaluation. However, real-time interpretation software very often is based on simplified resistivity models that can be inadequate and lead to incorrect geosteering decisions.
The core of the newly developed software is an inversion algorithm based on a model of transversely-isotropic layered earth with an arbitrary number of layers. The following model parameters are determined in real time: horizontal and vertical resistivities and thickness of each layer, formation dip, and azimuth. The inversion algorithm is based on the method of the most-probable parameter combination. The algorithm has good performance and excellent convergence due to its enhanced capability of avoiding local minima. This capability enables interpretation of real-time resistivity data, including azimuthal and extra-deep measurements.
A graphical user interface was developed to provide an interactive environment for each stage of the resistivity data interpretation process: preview of input resistivity logs, initial preprocessing and filtering of raw data, creation of initial guess, running inversion and viewing inversion results, and quality control indicators. Applications of the developed software will be shown on a series of synthetic examples and field data from the North Sea. This newly developed software is currently in use for real-time reservoir navigation and post-well analysis.
Digital Core Analysis - The Future of Petrophysics
Authors: Grachev Nikolai 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The increasing complexity of collectors developed makes new demands on geological samples investigation methods. A breakthrough in high-performance calculations for multi-physical processesmade it possible to perform digital core analysis based on microanalysis and X-ray computed tomography allowing the study of the volume distribution of density inhomogeneties, physico-chemical and petrophysical properties of rocks. Data obtained by such methods can be used for quality control, laboratory research optimization, reservoir properties description of formation based on sludge and unconsolidated cores, characterization of cracks, cavities, the matrix porosity, distribution of salts in carbonates of Eastern Siberia, upscaling core – layer. As a result, companies in the industry can get the potential effect of the introduction of digital technology in the form of faster decision-making, refining the project design and economic model in the design of field development.
The New Multipurpose Neutron Generator MANK
Authors: Kirgizov D. I. , Kosarev V. E. , Lukhminsky B. E. , Teplyakov A. V. 
Published: October 2012

Резюме
A new multi-purpose hardware-software system based on high-frequency pulsed neutron generator (MANK) is described. The main differences between this device from other devices of pulsed neutron logging (PNL) include: two probes, with each probes consists of a three epicadmium and thermal neutron counters, an variable frequency and duration of the fast neutron pulses. The device can measure the slowing-down time of neutrons, and determine the porosity of the reservoir with high sensitivity and weak influence of lithology, mineralization of the borehole and formation fluids. It is also possible the measurement of macro cross-section of thermal neutron capture (Sigma). There was completed computer (Monte-Carlo) optimization of the device, obtained a series of modeling and borehole measurements, obtained a set of interpretation charts for main parameters,
Dynamic Underbalance Perforating maximizes Well's Productivity by Minimizing Completion Damage on a Western Siberia Oil Field
Authors: Pickles M. , Lavdannikov P. , Amanov M. , Khabibullin T. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
In Russia many operators are challenged with the goal to increase production on oil and gas fields by drilling new wells or by using enhanced completion designs in the old ones. The latter is significantly less expensive, hence is preferable. The transition from completion to production on new and workover wells requires optimal clean up and the removal of the perforation damage to achieve maximum productivity.
Perforating in the low formation pressure West Salym field has historically been performed overbalanced using wireline or with static underbalance using tubing conveyed perforating (TCP) with immediate well kill to remove guns. These perforating techniques, do not provide sufficient cleanup of the perforation tunnels and leave out significant perforation skin. A novel tubing conveyed perforating (TCP) technique using the dynamic underbalance effect combined with an afterperforation inflow testing was applied in the West Salym field. The goal was to achieve maximum productivity and to record the pressure transient. Deep penetrating charges were also used to bypass near wellbore damage and maximize potential results.
A customized TCP test string was designed for 7 in. (178mm) casing that had two sets of gauges installed at different depths, and a production valve for the in-flow surge. The test string allowed to conduct a perforation inflow test to estimate post perforation skin, productive zone permeability and reservoir pressure.
The operations were performed on 10 wells (5 workover wells and 5 new wells). Inflow pressure data on 5 wells, which allowed us to make conclusive estimates of skin, showed negative values. Improved productivity exceeded expected values by 10% on average.
Dynamic underbalanced perforating has enabled us to obtain clean perforation tunnels and resulted in an average 50% production increase in comparison to the average field production.
Aerated Underbalanced Drilling System Development
Authors: Al-Yami Abdullah S. , Schubert Jerome 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Texas A&M University recently has established a new method to develop a drilling expert system to provide consultations related to best practices and trouble shooting in aerated underbalanced drilling. The drilling expert system is based on Bayesian network.
A Bayesian network is defined as "probabilistic graphical model that represents a set of random variables and their conditional independencies via a directed acyclic graph (DAG)." To the best of the authors' knowledge, this paper is the first study that shows the use of such method in aerated underbalanced drilling engineering.
The paper demonstrates the use of Bayesian network to develop the advisory system for aerated underbalanced drilling. To develop this system, we reviewed the literature and interviewed experts to find best practices in aerated underbalanced drilling. The advisory system can be used as a training tool for engineers to show them basic designing steps for aerated UBD.
Flow Induced Vibration In Subsea Production Systems
Authors: Smeulers Jan , Díez Néstor González , Slot Harmen 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
In the design of subsea flow systems, integrity and reliability are of paramount importance. As the equipment must be designed to operate at a large variety of conditions, inherent to the many processes, evaluation of the integrity is complex. Flow induced pulsations and vibrations can cause serious design and production problems, especially in subsea gas production systems. Mechanical vibrations can be induced by internal and external flow through a complex process that is affected by numerous factors such as the piping geometry, flow conditions and fluid properties. In the current subsea pipe system design, only the external flow induced vibrations are being addressed properly. Contemporary subsea production systems and piping are becoming more vulnerable for fatigue problems caused by internal flow induced vibrations and noise. This is mainly because of the increased complexity of offshore gas production project and subsea template designs and high production velocities. To ensure reliable operation over the entire life cycle of the project, it is important to understand if and how flow-induced vibrations affect the integrity of the subsea production system.