bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the use of fatty acid ethyl esters as a potential natural solution for the treatment of fish parasitic diseases
Authors: Jawaji Arunjyothi , Goldberg Inna Khozin , Zilberg Dina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlternatives to conventional chemical treatments for parasitic diseases in fish are needed. Microalgal‐sourced fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) have shown an antiparasitic effect against Gyrodactylus turnbulli infection in guppies. Here, we tested a range of commercial FAEEs of various carbon chain lengths and unsaturation levels against two fish parasites. Guppies and barramundi infected with G. turnbulli and Trichodina sp., respectively, were used. The most effective FAEE, after excluding those toxic to fish, was ethyl laurate (12:0). For both parasites, the LD50 was 18.75 μM within 250 min of incubation. Ethyl eicosapentaenoate (20:5n3) was the next most effective FAEE against G. turnbulli, and dihomo‐γ‐linolenic acid ethyl ester (20:3n6) and ethyl α‐linolenate (18:3n3) were the next most effective against Trichodina sp. In addition, FAEEs prepared from the microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum residue, after fucoxanthin extraction, were examined against Trichodina sp. infection in barramundi for the first time. LD85 and LD100 was achieved at 2.5 and 5 μL mL−1 of the FAEE preparation, respectively. In vivo, immersion of infected barramundi in 1.25 μL mL−1 of this preparation for 24 h reduced infection prevalence from 100% to 53% and was non‐toxic to fish.
Effectiveness of electroacupuncture on postoperative ileus prevention after abdominal surgery: A systematic review and trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Yuan Lu , Quan Si‐Jie , Li Xin‐Yu , Huang Yan‐Bing , Li Yan‐Qiu , Zheng Hui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to verify the effectiveness of electroacupuncture on postoperative ileus prevention after abdominal surgery by meta‐analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA).MethodsFrom inception to May 14, 2024, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched. TSA was used to determine an optimal sample size and control false‐positive findings. The primary outcome was the time to first defecation (hours).ResultsFourteen studies were included, with 1105 participants. Meta‐analysis and TSA revealed firm evidence for benefits that electroacupuncture shorted the time to first defecation (mean difference [MD] −12.73 h, I2 = 22%, P < 0.01), the time to first flatus (MD −7.03 h, I2 = 25%, P < 0.01), the time to start of sips of water (MD −12.02 h, I2 = 0%, P < 0.01), and the time to start of liquid diet (MD −12.97 h, I2 = 0%, P < 0.01) compared with usual care. While compared with sham electroacupuncture, meta‐analysis and TSA also confirmed that electroacupuncture shortened the time to first defecation (MD −10.81 h, I2 = 31%, P = 0.02) and the time to first flatus (MD −10.81 h, I2 = 0%, P < 0.01). However, TSA revealed that firm evidence for benefit or futility was not reached for the length of hospital stay and the rates of postoperative prolonged ileus.ConclusionsElectroacupuncture shortened the duration of postoperative ileus in patients undergoing abdominal surgery, and the adverse events related to electroacupuncture were minor. Further investigation of the effect of electroacupuncture on the risk of prolonged postoperative ileus is warranted in the future.
Cerebrospinal fluid concentration gradients of catechols in synucleinopathies
Authors: Goldstein David S. , Sullivan Patti , Holmes Courtney 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe synucleinopathies Parkinson disease (PD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and the Lewy body form of pure autonomic failure (PAF) entail intra‐cytoplasmic deposition of the protein alpha‐synuclein and pathogenic catecholaminergic neurodegeneration. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of catecholamines and their metabolites are thought to provide a “neurochemical window” on central catecholaminergic innervation and can identify specific intra‐neuronal dysfunctions in synucleinopathies. We asked whether there are CSF concentration gradients for catechols such as 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), the main neuronal metabolite of dopamine, and if so whether the gradients influence neurochemical differences among synucleinopathies. In a retrospective cohort study, we reviewed data about concentrations of catechols in the first, sixth, and twelfth 1‐mL aliquots from 33 PD, 28 MSA, and 15 PAF patients and 41 controls. There were concentration gradients for DOPAC, dopamine, norepinephrine, and 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylglycol (the main neuronal metabolite of norepinephrine) and gradients in the opposite direction for 5‐S‐cysteinyldopa and 5‐S‐cysteinyldopamine. In all 3 aliquots, CSF DOPAC was low in PD and MSA compared with controls (p < 0.0001 each) and normal in PAF. Synucleinopathies differ in CSF catechols regardless of concentration gradients. Concentration gradients for 5‐S‐cysteinyl derivatives in opposite directions from the parent catechols may provide biomarkers of spontaneous oxidation in the CSF space.image
Efficacy of fractional radiofrequency in the treatment of erythematous capillary rosacea: A split‐face study
Authors: Li Dongqing , Li Yujing , Yang Zhi , Chen Jiaoyu , Yang Dengrong , Wang Jinlai , Xiong Haojun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness and safety of treating erythematotelangiectatic rosacea using fractional radiofrequency (FRF).MethodsTwenty patients with a confirmed diagnosis of erythema capillaris rosacea were selected, and one side of each patient's face was randomly assigned to receive FRF treatments for three to six times, with an interval of 2 weeks between each treatment. VISIA, dermoscopy, and the Clinician's Erythema Evaluation Scale (CEA) were applied to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment before and after the treatment, to record the VAS scores and adverse reactions, and to conduct a patient satisfaction survey.ResultsThe characteristic counts and scores of red zone and porphyrin as assessed by VISIA test were significantly decreased, and the difference between the treated side and the pretreatment side was statistically significant (p < 0.05), and the efficacy of the treatment was statistically insignificant compared with the control side, except for the red zone and porphyrin which were statistically significant before and after the treatment (p > 0.05). By CEA score, the difference between the treated side after treatment and the control side was statistically significant (p < 0.05), and the difference between the treated side before and after treatment was statistically significant (p < 0.05); the difference between the control side before and after treatment was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Dermatoscopic observation showed reduction in pore size, reduction of yellowish‐white and black horn plugs within the pores, lightening of the red background and thinning and blurring of the capillary structure on the treated side of the skin compared to the control side, and the skin on the treated side showed the above mentioned changes before and after the treatment as well. The mean pain score of the subjects was obtained by VAS score 3.67 ± 0.90. Adverse effects included mild edema, erythema, and microscopic crusting; no long‐term adverse effects were seen in all patients. The efficacy of FRF treatment was evaluated 1 month after the final treatment, and 85% of the subjects rated it as satisfactory, very satisfactory, and very satisfactory.ConclusionFRF for the treatment of erythematous capillary dilatation rosacea is effective, safe, and suitable for clinical promotion.
The flexibilization of intellectual property rights in cases of health crises: A case study of Brazil in the face of the AIDS and COVID sanitary crises
Authors: Varella Marcelo Dias , de Oliveira Katia Adriana Cardoso 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntellectual property (IP) law is traditionally considered rigid, with little room for maneuvering in crisis cases. In this article, through three case studies, we discuss how health crises have affected IP rights, especially in Brazil, and the relationship of Brazilian decision‐making with internationally accepted legal frameworks. In the first case, on the AIDS crisis, we discuss the initiatives of compulsory licenses in Brazil and the debate on the Doha Declaration on public health, in which the international community recognized the national margin of appreciation of TRIPs in specific cases, making the Brazilian government's action viable. In the second case, on COVID, we discuss some proposals for waiver of IP rights that, although not effectively implemented, were important to pressure economic players to find solutions to transfer technology and expand the production of newly discovered vaccines, with the transfer of technology and expansion of Brazilian vaccine factories. In the third case, also on COVID, we discuss how the health crisis induced the Brazilian Judiciary, Executive, and Legislative branches to change different points of the IP law that had been under discussion for many years and reduced the extent of these rights, to increase access to medicines, but limited by international minimum standards. We conclude that IP law is essential for developing new drugs to deal with health crises. At the same time, these crises are essential for constructing Law that prevents abuses by dominant economic actors.
Response of zooxanthellate scleractinian corals to elevation of seawater temperature during summer in a temperate Japanese coastal sea (Takashima, Japan)
Authors: Kato Sho , Ito Maiko , Miyahara Kotaro , Fukumura Manabu , Komura Shuzo , Yamaguchi Masahiro , Takasu Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn contrast to tropical and subtropical regions, where coral abundance is declining due to elevated summer seawater temperatures, expansions of coral ranges have been reported in temperate Japanese regions due to an increase in seawater temperature. However, the vulnerability of corals in temperate Japanese regions to elevated summer seawater temperatures is not well known. In this study, we assessed the bleaching state of corals with elevated seawater temperatures during summer in a temperate Japanese coastal sea around Takashima Island, using an underwear color reference card (Coral Health Chart). This study showed that the color of temperate corals turned pale with increasing seawater temperature during summer. However, the corals did not reach a bleached state. Approaching a typhoon may contribute to maintenance of coral health at Takashima Beach by mitigating high seawater temperatures during summer and preventing the accumulation of thermal stress in corals.
Reverse nocturnal blood pressure dipping in Parkinson's disease is affected by physical activity but not sleep disturbances
Authors: Deguchi Kazushi , Ikeda Kazuyo , Touge Tetsuo , Morishita Asahiro , Kobara Hideki , Masaki Tsutomu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) often have reverse nocturnal blood pressure (BP) dipping, which might affect their risks of target organ damage, cardiovascular events, and premature death. The factors that are relevant to reverse BP dipping in PD patients are unknown.AimWe investigated the relationship between reverse nocturnal BP dipping and daily physical activity and the nocturnal sleep state in PD.MethodsSixty‐seven patients with PD underwent demographic analyses and a postural challenge for detecting orthostatic hypotension, followed by 24‐h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. All patients completed the Parkinson's Disease Questionaire‐39 (PDQ‐39) concerning their quality of life and the Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale‐2 (PDSS‐2) regarding sleep disturbances.ResultsOur analysis of the patients' circadian BP rhythms identified dippers (n = 22 patients, 33%), non‐dippers (n = 25, 37%), and reverse dippers (n = 20, 30%). The PDQ‐39 revealed that the reverse dippers had a significantly higher summary index and higher mobility, emotional well‐being, and stigma scores than the non‐dippers and dippers, suggesting an association with physical activity. On the PDSS‐2, the scores for sleep disturbances, nocturnal motor symptoms, and nocturnal PD symptoms as well as the total score were comparable among the dipper, non‐dipper, and reverse dipper groups.ConclusionThe reverse nocturnal BP dipping in PD was suggested to be due in part to decreased physical activity. No association between reverse nocturnal BP reduction and sleep disturbances was demonstrated. Further investigations of reverse nocturnal BP dipping and physical activity might yield new strategies to improve PD patients' life expectancy.
Thoracic canal morphology on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging in spinal cord stimulation patients
Authors: Hines Kevin , Tran Christian , Koka Anusha , Mouchtouris Nikolaos , Hafazalla Karim , Hattar Ellina , Wu Chengyuan , Sharan Ashwini 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionIn high‐frequency spinal cord stimulation anatomic placement targeting of the T9‐10 disc space is based on “empiric” results that are best replicated with coverage broadly from T8 to T10. This study contains the largest cohort of patients evaluating low thoracic morphology and seeks to address the lack of MRI morphological analysis in literature.MethodsThis study was a retrospective review of a database of 101 consecutive patients undergoing permanent implant of thoracic SCS for chronic pain. Measurements were carried out on preoperative MRI imaging. Anteroposterior (AP) and lateral dimensions of the spinal cord as well as dural sac were measured. In addition, dorsal cerebrospinal fluid thickness and paddle depression distance were also measured.ResultsWhen comparing morphological dimensions by level, dorsal CSF thickness was smaller at T9‐10 than T7‐8 (p = 0.018). In addition, lateral dural and spinal cord diameters were larger at T10‐11 than T9‐10, contributing to larger dural surface area at T10‐11 (p = 0.028). While trends of dorsal CSF thickness tend to decrease with lower thoracic levels, the ratio of surface area of spinal cord to dural sac appeared to remain relatively constant.ConclusionsDorsal CSF thickness is smaller at T9‐10 than T7‐8 in chronic pain patients in this cohort. More ellipsoid, cord, and spinal canal diameter measurements were noted at lower levels of the thoracic spinal cord, particularly at T10‐11. This may correlate with anatomical SCS placement. Future studies should evaluate efficacy of SCS therapy for pain based on these anatomical considerations.
Online, home‐based dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa registry
Authors: Mittal Vaishali , Nazaroff Jaron , Eid Edward , Li Shufeng , Linos Eleni , Oro Anthony , Tang Jean Y. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGenetic testing is the gold standard for diagnosing different epidermolysis bullosa (EB) subtypes; however, testing rates are low. We conducted a pilot study to test feasibility of a novel, home‐based registry that involved patients with EB submitting self‐reported clinical symptoms using secure, online surveys (REDCap) and submitting buccal swabs for exome sequencing of EB‐related genes (GeneDx). In total, 50 EB participants were enrolled, with an average age of 17 years and an average distance of 198 miles from EB specialty centers. All buccal swabs (N = 24) provided sufficient DNA for sequencing without causing mucosal trauma and 80% of participants were found to have pathogenic variants in COL7A1, the gene mutated in DEB. Participants with recessive dystrophic EB (RDEB) reported a higher prevalence of esophageal dilations (65.7% vs. 0%, p = .009) and mitten deformities of the feet (57.1% vs. 0%, p = .047) compared to non‐RDEB participants.
Synergistic effects of covalently coupled eosin‐Y with Ben‐graphitic carbon nitride framework for improved photocatalytic activity in solar light‐driven Biginelli product generation and NADH regeneration
Authors: Prajapati Anurag , Yadav Rajesh K. , Shahin Rehana , Shukla Ravindra , Mishra Shaifali , Singh Satyam , Yadav Suman , Baeg Jin‐OoK , Singhal Rajat , Gupta Navneet K. , Ali Mohd Sajid , Yadav Krishna Kumar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElevated global pollution level is the prime reason that contributes to the onset of various harmful health diseases. The products of Biginelli reaction are enormously used in the pharmaceutical industry as they have antiviral, antibacterial, and calcium channel modulation abilities. This work reports a novel eosin Y sensitized boron graphitic carbon nitride (EY‐Ben‐g‐C3N4) as a photocatalyst that efficiently produced 3,4‐dihydropyrimidine‐2‐(1H)‐one by the Biginelli reaction of benzaldehyde, urea, and methyl acetoacetate. The photocatalyst EY‐Ben‐g‐C3N4 showed a successful generation of 3,4‐dihydropyrimidine‐2‐(1H)‐one (Biginelli product) in good yield via photocatalysis which is an eco‐friendly method and has facile operational process. In addition to the production of Biginelli products, the photocatalyst also showed a remarkable NADH regeneration of 81.18%. The incorporation of g‐C3N4 with boron helps increase the surface area and the incorporation of eosin Y which is an inexpensive and non‐toxic dye, and in Ben‐g‐C3N4, enhanced the light‐harvesting capacity of the photocatalyst. The production of 3,4‐dihydropyrimidine‐2‐(1H)‐one and NADH by the EY‐Ben‐g‐C3N4 photocatalyst is attributed to the requisite band gap, high molar absorbance, low rate of charge recombination, and increased capacity of the photocatalyst to harvest solar light energy.
Alternative splicing of lncRNA LAIR fine‐tunes the regulation of neighboring yield‐related gene LRK1 expression in rice
Authors: Wang Ying , Cao Liming , Liu Mingyu , Yan Peiwen , Niu Fuan , Dong Shiqing , Ma Fuying , Lan Dengyong , Zhang Xinwei , Hu Jian , Xin Xiaoyun , Yang Jinshui , Luo Xiaojin 
Published: June 2024

SUMMARYThe diversity in alternative splicing of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) poses a challenge for functional annotation of lncRNAs. Moreover, little is known on the effects of alternatively spliced lncRNAs on crop yield. In this study, we cloned nine isoforms resulting from the alternative splicing of the lncRNA LAIR in rice. The LAIR isoforms are generated via alternative 5′/3′ splice sites and different combinations of specific introns. All LAIR isoforms activate the expression of the neighboring LRK1 gene and enhance yield‐related rice traits. In addition, there are slight differences in the binding ability of LAIR isoforms to the epigenetic modification‐related proteins OsMOF and OsWDR5, which affect the enrichment of H4K16ac and H3K4me3 at the LRK1 locus, and consequently fine‐tune the regulation of LRK1 expression and yield‐related traits. These differences in binding may be caused by polymorphic changes to the RNA secondary structure resulting from alternative splicing. It was also observed that the composition of LAIR isoforms was sensitive to abiotic stress. These findings suggest that the alternative splicing of LAIR leads to the formation of a functional transcript population that precisely regulates yield‐related gene expression, which may be relevant for phenotypic polymorphism‐based crop breeding under changing environmental conditions.
Coupled awareness-epidemic dynamics in a two-layer network with community structure
Authors: Han Dun , Wang Xin 
Published: June 2024

In this paper, a two-layer network model featuring inherent community structures is introduced to examine the interplay between awareness transmission and epidemic spreading. The model incorporates an unaware-aware-unaware (UAU) framework within the informational upper layer, shaped by community structures, and a susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) paradigm within the epidemic lower layer. The role of individual self-awareness is also considered, with the hypothesis that individuals spontaneously become aware of the disease when the local awareness rate in their vicinity exceeds a predetermined threshold. The epidemic threshold is delineated through the application of the microscopic Markov chain approach (MMCA). Findings indicate that the individual self-awareness mechanism impacts epidemic thresholds in a dual-phase manner, with distinct high and low threshold stages. It is observed that when the community structure remains static, fluctuations in the transmission probability of awareness — whether intra-community or inter-community — do not significantly influence the threshold or the ultimate scale of the epidemic. Analysis suggests that a denser community structure, along with increased inter-community connectivity, facilitates the spread of awareness and effectively suppresses the propagation of the epidemic.
Improved semi-empirical formula for cluster radioactivity half-lives
Authors: Liu Xiao , Jiang Jie-Dong , Li Ming , Chen Xun , Wu Xi-Jun , Li Xiao-Hua 
Published: June 2024

An improved semi-empirical formula for cluster radioactivity half-lives is proposed by incorporating the influences of reduced mass, the blocking effect of unpaired nucleons and mass asymmetry on the basis of the original Tavares formula [Eur. Phys. J. A 49 (2013) 6]. Using this improved semi-empirical formula, the calculated results of the cluster radioactivity half-lives for the daughter nuclei around [Formula: see text]Pb or its neighbors can reproduce the experimental data well with a corresponding root-mean-square deviation [Formula: see text]= 0.570, which proves the feasibility of this formula to calculate cluster radioactivity half-lives in trans-lead nuclei. The accuracy of the improved semi-empirical formula is improved by approximately 37% compared to its predecessor whose the root-mean-square deviation is 0.902. Meanwhile, the influence of deformation effect for cluster radioactivity is also briefly discussed. In addition, we extend this improved semi-empirical formula to predict the half-lives of 51 possible cluster radioactive candidates whose cluster radioactivity are energetically allowed or observed but not yet quantified in NUBASE2020. For comparison, some empirical and/or semi-empirical formulae are also used.
Transferrable Subject-Independent Feature Representation for Discriminating EEG-Based Brain Signals
Authors: Lou Haowei , Ye Zesheng , Yao Lina 
Published: June 2024

Subject-independent Electroencephalography (EEG) recognition remains challenging due to inherent variability of brain anatomy across different subjects. Such variability is further complicated by the Volume Conduction Effect (VCE) that introduces channel-interference noise, exacerbating subject-specific biases in the recorded EEG signals. Existing studies, often relying large datasets and entangled spatial-temporal features, struggle to overcome this bias, particularly in scenarios with limited EEG data. To this end, we propose a Temporal-Connective EEG Representation Learning (TCERL) framework that disentangles temporal and spatial feature learning. TCERL first employs an one-dimensional convolutional network to extract channel-specific temporal features, mitigating channel-interference noise caused by VCE. Building upon these temporal features, TCERL then leverages Graph Neural Networks to extract subject-invariant topological features from a functional brain network, constructed using the channel-specific features as nodes and functional connectivity as the adjacency matrix. This approach allows TCERL to capture robust representations of brain activity patterns that generalize well across different subjects. Our empirical experiment demonstrates that TCERL outperforms state-of-the-art across a range of training subjects on four public benchmarks and is less sensitive to subject variability. The performance gain is highlighted when limited subjects are available, suggesting the robustness and transferability of the proposed method. Source code can be found in: https://github.com/haoweilou/TCERL .