bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Ternary Additions on the Microstructure of Directionally-Solidified MoSi2/Mo5Si3 Eutectic Composites
Authors: Fujiwara Kosuke , Sasai Yuta , Kishida Kyosuke , Inui Haruyuki 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTMicrostructural variations of directionally-solidified (DS) MoSi2/Mo5Si3 eutectic composites caused by ternary additions of V, Cr, Nb, Ta and W were investigated. Ternary addition of relatively large amount of V resulted in the apparent modification of the morphology as well as the macroscopic inclination angle of one type of the interfaces extending nearly along the growth direction in the DS ingots. Ternary addition of Cr was found to change the microstructures of the DS ingots from a cellular-type with coarse boundary regions to a plate-like cellular-type with increasing the amount of the ternary addition. No significant change of scriptlamellar morphology was observed for the DS ingots containing Nb, Ta and W irrespective of the amount of the ternary addition.
Effect of Interstitial Carbon Atoms on Phase Stability and Mechanical Properties of E21 (L12) Ni3AlC1-x Single Crystals
Authors: Kimura Yoshisato , Kawakita Masato , Yuyama Hiroyasu , Chai Yaw-Wang 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTSingle crystals of E21 (L12) Ni3AlC1-x were prepared by the unidirectional solidification using the optical floating zone melting method to determine their mechanical properties. Particularly the effects of interstitial carbon atoms on mechanical properties were evaluated by compression tests at room temperature. Operative slip system of E21 Ni3AlC is {111}<011> type which is the same as that of L12 Ni3Al. Strength of Ni3AlC single crystals increases with carbon concentration due to the solid solution effect, though the stress relief of yielding behavior is enhanced at the intermediate carbon content at around 3at%. A large gap appears in the carbon concentration dependence of critical resolved shear stress (as well as yield stress) at almost the same carbon content. This discontinuity in strengthening is attributed to the interaction between multiple solute carbon atoms and mobile dislocations.
Effects of matrix composition on instant release fractions from high burn-up nuclear fuel
Authors: Roth Olivia , Low Jeanett , Granfors Michael , Spahiu Kastriot 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThe release of radionuclides from spent nuclear fuel in contact with water is controlled by two processes – the dissolution of the UO2grains and the rapid release of fission products segregated either to the gap between the fuel and the cladding or to the UO2grain boundaries. The rapid release is often referred to as the Instant Release Fraction (IRF) and is of interest for the safety assessment of geological repositories for spent fuel due to the potential dose contribution.Previous studies have shown that the instant release fraction can be correlated to the fission gas release (FGR) from the spent fuel. Studies comparing results from samples in the form of pellets, fragments, powders and a fuel rodlet have shown that the sample preparation has a significant impact on the instant release, indicating that the differentiation between gap release and grain boundary release should be further explored.Today, there are trends towards power uprates, longer fuel cycles and increasing burn-up putting additional requirements on the nuclear fuel. These requirements are met by the development of new fuel types, such as UO2fuels containing dopants or additives. The additives and dopants affect fuel properties such as grain size and fission gas release. In the present study we have performed experimental leaching studies using two high burnup fuels with and without additives/dopants and compared the fuel types with respect to their instant release behavior. The results of the leaching of the samples for the 3 initial contact periods; 1, 7 and 23 days are reported here.
Effects of Erbium alloying on the structural and piezoelectric properties of Aluminum Nitride thin films annealed under extreme thermal conditions
Authors: Narang V. , Korakakis D. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTEffects of adding Erbium(Er) to Aluminum Nitride thin films on their structural and piezoelectric are reported along with stability of the films after annealing them at temperatures up to 600° C. The thin films samples were deposited on the (001) p-type silicon substrates by reactive magnetron sputtering, using the Er alloyed Aluminum targets with Er atomic concentrations of 0, 1, 3 and 4% and the magnetron sputtering power of 200 W. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS analysis was used to confirm the stoichiometry of AlN phase, Er atomic content and its possible chemical state in the films. Results show that alloying with Er results in higher piezoelectric coefficient d33 as compared to that in Er-free AlN thin films. Structural analysis of the films by XRD shows the shift of (0002) AlN peak to lower 2θ values upon Er doping, indicating the presence of uniform internal compressive stress.
Development and Utilization of High Carotenoid Maize Germplasm: Proof of Concept
Authors: Burt Andrew J. , Caston Linda , Leeson Steven , Shelp Barry J. , Lee Elizabeth A. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTLutein and zeaxanthin are commonly referred to as the macular carotenoids, as they are localized to ocular tissues and their loss is associated with age‐related macular degeneration. High carotenoid eggs have been suggested as a good dietary source of macular carotenoids, particularly lutein. In this paper we demonstrate two key proof of concept steps: transferring the high carotenoid phenotype to elite inbred backgrounds and carotenoid enrichment of eggs through feeding high carotenoid maize (Zea mays L.) grain to laying hens (Gallus domesticus). Using two inbred backgrounds and three high carotenoid donor lines, BC1S2 lines were developed with selections made based solely on visual assessment of kernel color. The 20‐wk laying hen feeding trial consisted of four complete diets that varied for the maize component (i.e., a high‐zeaxanthin maize line, a high‐lutein maize line, and a conventional yellow maize line with and without a commercial lutein [Oro‐glo] supplement) with eggs samples collected every 4 wk. High‐carotenoid maize diet treatments yielded carotenoid concentrations in egg yolks that were approximately fourfold higher than those achieved with the conventional maize feed control and were found to be equally available to the laying hen as a lutein feed additive used as a positive control. While phenotyping by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) cannot be completely eliminated, visual selection increases the proportion of high‐carotenoid phenotypes and it appears that transferring the high carotenoid phenotype into elite inbred lines is relatively straightforward.
Growth and Physiological Traits of Canopy and Root Systems Associated with Drought Resistance in Tall Fescue
Authors: Sun Jianming , Meyer William , Cross James , Huang Bingru 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTWater uptake and usage are important factors affecting plant adaption to drought stress. The objective of this study was to determine morphological and physiological traits of the grass canopy and root systems governing plant water relations in association with genetic variability in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) drought resistance. Grass canopy and root traits (turf quality [TQ], relative water content [RWC], evapotranspiration [ET] rate, single‐leaf net photosynthesis rate [Pn], stomatal conductance [gs], stomatal aperture [SA] and density, transpiration rate [Tr], root length [RL], root dry weight [RDW], root viability or root electrolyte leakage [REL], and specific root length [SRL]) were examined in seven tall fescue genotypes during drought stress in two repeated trials of a controlled‐environment growth chamber study (May–June and September–October 2011). All these canopy and root traits exhibited significant variability in drought responses among tall fescue genotypes while Pn, gs, Tr, RL, RDW, and SRL also varied among genotypes under well‐watered conditions. Correlation and principal component analysis of traits associated with genetic variability in drought resistance demonstrated that the superior turf performance (higher TQ) and leaf hydration status (higher RWC) under drought stress were associated with sustained stomatal opening (greater SA and gs) and water use rate (higher Tr and ET), maintaining higher Pn as well as the development of the root system with higher viability (lower REL) and finer diameter (higher SRL). Integration of canopy and root traits controlling both water consumption and water uptake will facilitate breeding improvement of drought resistance in tall fescue and other cool‐season grass species.
COBIT 5 and Enterprise Governance of Information Technology: Building Blocks and Research Opportunities
Authors: De Haes Steven , Van Grembergen Wim , Debreceny Roger S. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTCOBIT, currently in its fifth edition, is a good-practice framework for the enterprise governance of IT. There is limited academic research that either analyzes COBIT or leverages COBIT as an instrument in executing research programs. Through linking core elements and principles of COBIT to insights from IT-related and general management literature, this paper explores the use of COBIT in future research activities. This paper positions COBIT as a framework for enterprise governance of IT. The major directions and core principles of the framework are described. Connections are made of these directions and principles to the relevant literature. Research questions for future research around enterprise governance of IT and COBIT 5 are proposed and discussed.
Radiotherapy for inverted papilloma: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Strojan Primož , Jereb Simona , Borsos Imre , But-Hadzic Jasna , Zidar Nina 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackground. Sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP) is a rare, usually benign tumor arising from the respiratory mucosa of the sinonasal tract. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice. In histologically overt benign IPs (i.e.without associated malignancy) irradiation was employed only anecdotally. The patient with gross residual of benign IP after up-front surgery that was subsequently treated with irradiation is presented and the literature reports on the use of radiotherapy (RT) in this tumor type are reviewed.Case report. After the surgical treatment the residuum in the region of the sphenoid and adjacent cavernous sinus was irradiated to 54 Gy in 1.8 Gy daily fractions. No recurrence or deterioration of olfaction, hearing or vision was observed 2.6 years post-RT.Review of the literature. In the literature, six reports were identified with 16 patients describing necessary details on RT and outcome. Twelve of 14 cases (our case included) with gross or subtotal tumor resection and postoperative RT were locally controlled. The lowest and the median irradiation doses were 47.15 Gy and 56.5 Gy, respectively, and the follow-up period ranged between 0.5-20.5 years (median 7.8 years).Conclusions. RT is safe and valuable treatment option in histologically overt benign IPs. It is indicated when the risk of tumor recurrence after surgery is increased and in inoperable tumors.
The Truth of Art in David Jones and Hans-Georg Gadamer
Authors: Potter Martin 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
I shall examine the theory of art developed by David Jones, the twentieth-century Anglo-Welsh poet and artist (especially in his essay “Art and Sacrament”), in the light of a comparison with the theory of art propounded by Hans-Georg Gadamer, the twentieth-century German philosopher in the phenomenological tradition (especially his essay “Die Aktualität des Schönen”), not claiming influence, but highlighting striking parallels.
Determining the age distribution of Colle Gnifetti, Monte Rosa, Swiss Alps, by combining ice cores, ground-penetrating radar and a simple flow model
Authors: Konrad Hannes , Bohleber Pascal , Wagenbach Dietmar , Vincent Christian , Eisen Olaf 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIce cores from cold Alpine glaciers may provide unique paleoclimate information from non-polar latitudes. We explore the three-dimensional internal age distribution of the small cold glacier saddle (Colle Gnifetti, Monte Rosa, Italy/Switzerland) to compare the age/depth relations from four local deep ice cores. Tracking isochronous reflection horizons detected by ground-penetrating radar (GPR) among the core locations reveals consistent dating up to 80 years BP. This approach is confined to recent ages, due to the lack of clear reflections below the firn/ice transition. We attempt to overcome this limitation by including a two-dimensional flow model adapted to the GPR-derived surface accumulation and ice thickness distribution. Modeled and GPR isochrones are compared, indicating agreement in shape but featuring a potential offset of 0–3.5 m. The modeled isochrones are interpolated to the core array with ages assigned according to the ice-core datings. The resulting age distribution is consistent up to 110 years BP, with age uncertainties increasing from 7 to >80 years in the lower half of the ice. This combination of methods is novel for Alpine sites and may be adapted for spatial extrapolation of ice properties other than age.
Calving event detection by observation of seiche effects on the Greenland fjords
Authors: Walter Fabian , Olivieri Marco , Clinton John F. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWith mass loss from the Greenland ice sheet accelerating and spreading to higher latitudes, the quantification of mass discharge in the form of icebergs has recently received much scientific attention. Here we make use of very low-frequency (0.001–0.01 Hz) seismic data from three permanent broadband stations installed in the summers of 2009–10 in northwest Greenland in order to monitor local calving activity. At these frequencies, calving seismograms are dominated by a tilt signal produced by local ground flexure in response to fjord seiching generated by major iceberg calving events. A simple triggering algorithm is proposed to detect calving events from large calving fronts with potentially no user interaction. Our calving catalogue identifies spatial and temporal differences in calving activity between Jakobshavn Isbræ and glaciers in the Uummannaq district ∼200 km to the north. The Uummannaq glaciers show clear seasonal fluctuations in seiche-based calving detections as well as seiche amplitudes. In contrast, the detections at Jakobshavn Isbræ show little seasonal variation, which may be evidence for an ongoing transition to winter calving activity. The results offer further evidence that seismometers can provide efficient and inexpensive monitoring of calving fronts.
Sensory Neuropathy Associated With Aggressive Cauterization Using a Bipolar Radiofrequency Device in Primary TKA
Authors: Lyons Steven , Morrison Kurt , Tejiram Shawn , Levering Melissa , Polikandriotis John A. , Bernasek Thomas 
Published: February 2013

Because significant postoperative blood loss can result in many complications, hemostasis remains a critical part of successful joint replacement outcomes. Advanced techniques, such as electrocautery use after optimally timed tourniquet release, focus on desired patient blood loss outcomes.
The purposes of this study were to report the incidence of nerve injury, identify associated risk factors following the use of bipolar electrocautery for hemostasis in the posterior knee during primary total knee arthroplasty, and compare that rate with the rate seen using a standard electrocautery device. Clinical and operative data were retrospectively reviewed for an association with postoperative nerve injury in 241 consecutive patients when using bipolar electrocautery between July 2007 and October 2008. A comparison group of 192 demographically similar consecutive patients between November 2008 and October 2009 was also evaluated to establish a surgeon-specific benchmark when using standard electrocautery. Seven (2.9%) of 241 patients in the bipolar electrocautery group reported documented neuropathies compared with 1 (0.52%) of 192 patients using standard electrocautery. In addition, female sex and rheumatoid arthritis were associated with postoperative nerve injury following bipolar electrocautery.
Although the bipolar radiofrequency device is effective in achieving hemostasis, the authors recommend judicious use of this procedure in women or patients with rheumatoid arthritis and cautious, nonaggressive use of posterior compartment bipolar radiofrequency ablation in the remaining patient populations.
Le Docteur Toulouse ou le Cinéma vu par un psycho-physiologiste (1912-1928)
Authors: Morel Jean-Paul 
Published: February 2013

Cet ensemble de textes, réédités pour la première fois pour la plupart, met en lumière l’intérêt que le cinéma a suscité chez les scientifiques qui cherchaient à évaluer les changements que la perception de l’image intermittente pouvait occasionner sur la physiologie et la psychologie des spectateurs en y appliquant leurs procédures de mesure et de contrôle. Les questions que pose et se pose le Dr Toulouse, fondateur du Laboratoire de psychologie expérimentale à l’École des Hautes Études, puis d’une « Ligue d’hygiène et de prophylaxie mentales » et d’une association d’études sexologiques, prennent, en un sens, la suite des recherches de Jules-Etienne Marey. Elles relaient tout un riche corpus de textes médicaux et elles annoncent celles que les psychologues et les psychiatres de l’Institut de Filmologie poseront immédiatement après la Deuxième Guerre mondiale. Elle atteste en outre de la connaissance qu’avait alors un scientifique des travaux de Hugo Münstenberg, pionnier de la psychologie « industrielle » et de l’approche psychologique du film.
Imageries (et animations) de guerre ou « comment on raconte l’Histoire aux enfants »
Authors: Puget Clément 
Published: February 2013

Les motifs, imageries et films d’animations de guerre suggérés par le titre de cet article ne s’adressent pas seulement au spectateur/lecteur « enfant » mais ils renvoient certainement à une forme de culture de guerre dite de jeunesse, qui elle-même entretient un rapport avec la culture de guerre plus globale. Par ailleurs, « depuis peu, nous commençons à considérer “Versailles” et l’après-guerre sous un jour nouveau, celui de la “poursuite de la guerre dans les cerveaux” » écrit l’historien Gerd Krumeich Et, pourrait-on ajouter, celui de la reviviscence des événements au prisme de leurs écritures, représentations et images (fixes ou animées). Les corpus d’œuvres analysés ici tendent à démontrer l’emprise de la guerre sur Robert Lortac et Marius O’Galop, qui ont vécu l’événement de manière différente. Tableaux humoristiques animés et images de propagande spinaliennes participent de la rationalisation de la guerre en vigueur dans le processus de mobilisation de l’information nationale. Et si le conflit fut infiniment plus complexe que ne le présentent les pages pamphlétaires d’O’Galop ou les saynètes de Lortac, ces œuvres révèlent peut-être comment on racontait l’Histoire aux enfants (et aux adultes) jusqu’en 1916 du moins.
L’Atelier Lortac : Cinéma d’animation et publicité dans l’entre-deux-guerres en France
Authors: Roffat Sébastien 
Published: February 2013

Pendant vingt-cinq ans (de la fin de la Première Guerre mondiale à la fin de la Seconde), Lortac a produit un nombre considérable de dessins animés publicitaires français, faisant de son activité la plus importante quantitativement parlant d’Europe. Son studio de Montrouge a accueilli Cohl, Payen, Rigal ou Savignac. Ce nombre tout à fait considérable de courts métrages s’est parfois fait au détriment de la qualité, la régie publicitaire Publi-Ciné refusant d’allouer à Lortac des budgets suffisants. Du coup, dans les années 1930, Lortac semble perdre pied et ne plus être à la page de l’important renouvellement survenant dans le domaine de la publicité. Son projet de « dessins animés lumineux » paraît avec le recul une tentative bien vaine et quelque peu désespérée de se renouveler. Sans résultat pourtant. En 1945, Lortac renonce au dessin animé et ferme définitivement son studio.
Les « séries d’art » Gaumont : des « sujets de toute première classe »
Authors: Bastide Bernard 
Published: February 2013

Face à la nouvelle concurrence que représente Le Film d’Art, la société Gaumont va apporter une réponse différée dans le temps. Basée sur des adaptations littéraires et des scénarios originaux, la série « Théâtro-Film », initiée par Maurice de Féraudy, est une expérience marginale et éphémère qui a bénéficié de peu de visibilité. De 1908 à 1910, la stratégie de Gaumont va consister à disséminer dans ses programmes une quantité non négligeable de bandes qui puisent leur source d’inspiration dans la peinture, la littérature, la mythologie et l’Histoire. Elle culminera par la distribution, à partir de juin 1910, d’un ensemble d’œuvres appartenant à la série « Le Film esthétique », accompagnée d’un manifeste de Louis Feuillade.
Au-delà du film d’art. Sur deux films retrouvés à la Cinémathèque de Toulouse
Authors: Gauthier Christophe 
Published: February 2013

À la faveur d’un chantier de re-catalogage de ses films anciens, la Cinémathèque de Toulouse a pu identifier avec précision deux courts-métrages datés de 1915, un Pelléas et Mélisande et un Macbeth, réalisés par Gustave Labruyère pour la firme Éclair. Ces deux films sont en réalité la seule trace aujourd’hui subsistante d’une expérience de théâtre total menée par Georgette Leblanc-Maeterlinck à l’abbaye de Saint-Wandrille entre 1909 et 1915. Les deux pièces furent en effet mises en scène en décors naturels par Georgette Leblanc elle-même et donnèrent lieu à une captation cinématographique écourtée lors de leur reprise pendant l’été 1915. Il ne s’agit pas ici de film d’art stricto sensu mais plutôt d’une transposition cinématographique d’un « théâtre d’art » d’un genre nouveau.
L’exportation d’un « modèle d’enseignement breton » ?
Authors: Delisle Philippe 
Published: February 2013

Les deux congrégations des Frères de Ploërmel et des Filles de la Sagesse, qui recrutent pour l’essentiel en Bretagne, prennent en charge de nombreuses écoles en Haïti à partir des années 1860. Elles transposent dans la Caraïbe des stratégies élaborées dans leur région d’origine, en privilégiant par exemple l’éducation religieuse. Mais elles doivent composer avec les attentes des élites haïtiennes, qui souhaitent accéder à un enseignement plus profane et de meilleure qualité. Des congrégations au recrutement beaucoup moins homogène, comme les Soeurs de Saint-Joseph de Cluny, développent une stratégie similaire. On se demandera donc s’il est pertinent de parler de l’exportation d’un « modèle breton » en Haïti. Les congréganistes ne se réfèrent-ils pas plutôt au type idéal de société chrétienne défini par Rome ?
Le poids de l’Ouest : Remarques sur le mouvement des départs dans la Société des Missions étrangères de Paris
Authors: Sorrel Christian 
Published: February 2013

La Société des Missions étrangères de Paris, qui développe une stratégie de recrutement nationale, constitue un observatoire pertinent de la dynamique régionale des vocations au long des XIXe et XXe siècles. Le rôle de l’Ouest, qui prend forme dans la phase de démarrage de la Société (1820-1859), s’affirme dans les années de forte croissance (1860-1899) pour devenir décisif à l’heure du déclin des vocations, amorcé par la crise de la Séparation (1900-1939) et confirmé ensuite (1940-1979), malgré une reprise relative au milieu du siècle. L’Ouest assume ainsi (non sans redistributions internes entre les provinces ecclésiastiques et les diocèses) une fonction de môle de résistance qui ne parvient toutefois pas à empêcher un tarissement définitif du recrutement, accéléré par le déclin des modèles missionnaires traditionnels.