bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-hospital falls and fall-related injuries: a protocol for a cost of fall study
Authors: Morello Renata Teresa , Barker Anna Luica , Haines Terry , Zavarsek Silva , Watts Jennifer J , Hill Keith , Brand Caroline , Sherrington Catherine , Wolfe Rory , Bohensky Megan , Stoelwinder Johannes 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundIn-hospital falls are common and pose significant economic burden on the healthcare system. To date, few studies have quantified the additional cost of hospitalisation associated with an in-hospital fall or fall-related injury. The aim of this study is to determine the additional length of stay and hospitalisation costs associated with in-hospital falls and fall-related injuries, from the acute hospital perspective.Methods and designA multisite prospective study will be conducted as part of a larger falls-prevention clinical trial—the 6-PACK project. This study will involve 12 acute medical and surgical wards from six hospitals across Australia. Patient and admission characteristics, outcome and hospitalisation cost data will be prospectively collected on approximately 15 000 patients during the 15-month study period. A review of all in-hospital fall events will be conducted using a multimodal method (medical record review and daily verbal report from the nurse unit manager, triangulated with falls recorded in the hospital incident reporting and administrative database), to ensure complete case ascertainment. Hospital clinical costing data will be used to calculate patient-level hospitalisation costs incurred by a patient during their inpatient stay. Additional hospital and hospital resource utilisation costs attributable to in-hospital falls and fall-related injuries will be calculated using linear regression modelling, adjusting for a priori-defined potential confounding factors.DiscussionThis protocol provides the detailed statement of the planned analysis. The results from this study will be used to support healthcare planning, policy making and allocation of funding relating to falls prevention within acute hospitals.
Imatinib Radiosensitizes Bladder Cancer by Targeting Homologous Recombination
Authors: Qiao Boling , Kerr Martin , Groselj Blaz , Teo Mark T.W. , Knowles Margaret A. , Bristow Robert G. , Phillips Roger M. , Kiltie Anne E. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Radiotherapy is a major treatment modality used to treat muscle-invasive bladder cancer, with patient outcomes similar to surgery. However, radioresistance is a significant factor in treatment failure. Cell-free extracts of muscle-invasive bladder tumors are defective in nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ), and this phenotype may be used clinically by combining radiotherapy with a radiosensitizing drug that targets homologous recombination, thereby sparing normal tissues with intact NHEJ. The response of the homologous recombination protein RAD51 to radiation is inhibited by the small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib. Stable RT112 bladder cancer Ku knockdown (Ku80KD) cells were generated using short hairpin RNA technology to mimic the invasive tumor phenotype and also RAD51 knockdown (RAD51KD) cells to show imatinib's pathway selectivity. Ku80KD, RAD51KD, nonsilencing vector control, and parental RT112 cells were treated with radiation in combination with either imatinib or lapatinib, which inhibits NHEJ and cell survival assessed by clonogenic assay. Drug doses were chosen at approximately IC40 and IC10 (nontoxic) levels. Imatinib radiosensitized Ku80KD cells to a greater extent than RAD51KD or RT112 cells. In contrast, lapatinib radiosensitized RAD51KD and RT112 cells but not Ku80KD cells. Taken together, our findings suggest a new application for imatinib in concurrent use with radiotherapy to treat muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Cancer Res; 73(5); 1611–20. ©2012 AACR.
Focused Ultrasound Delivers Targeted Immune Cells to Metastatic Brain Tumors
Authors: Alkins Ryan , Burgess Alison , Ganguly Milan , Francia Giulio , Kerbel Robert , Wels Winfried S. , Hynynen Kullervo 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes involved in innate immunity. NK-92, a human NK cell line, may be targeted to tumor-associated antigens in solid malignancies where it exhibits antitumor efficacy, but its clinical utility for treating brain tumors is limited by an inability to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). We investigated the potential for focused ultrasound (FUS) to deliver targeted NK-92 cells to the brain using a model of metastatic breast cancer. HER2-expressing human breast tumor cells were implanted into the brain of nude rats. The NK-92-scFv(FRP5)-zeta cell line expressing a chimeric HER2 antigen receptor was transfected with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles before intravenous injection, before and following BBB disruption using focused ultrasound (551.5 kHz focused transducer, 0.33 MPa average peak rarefaction pressure) in the presence of a microbubble contrast agent. Baseline and posttreatment 1.5T and 7T MR imaging was done, and histology used to identify NK-92 cells post-mortem. Contrast-enhanced MRI showed reproducible and consistent BBB disruption. 7T MR images obtained at 16 hours posttreatment revealed a significant reduction in signal indicating the presence of iron-loaded NK-92 cells at the tumor site. The average ratio of NK-92 to tumor cells was 1:100 when NK cells were present in the vasculature at the time of sonication, versus 2:1,000 and 1:1,000 when delivered after sonication and without BBB disruption, respectively. Our results offer a preclinical proof-of-concept that FUS can improve the targeting of immune cell therapy of brain metastases. Cancer Res; 73(6); 1892–9. ©2012 AACR.
A Chimeric Receptor with NKG2D Specificity Enhances Natural Killer Cell Activation and Killing of Tumor Cells
Authors: Chang Yu-Hsiang , Connolly John , Shimasaki Noriko , Mimura Kousaku , Kono Koji , Campana Dario 
Published: January 2013

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells rely on surface receptors to distinguish healthy cells from cancer cells. We designed a receptor termed NKG2D-DAP10-CD3ζ that is composed of the NK cell activating molecule NKG2D plus 2 key signaling molecules, DAP10 and CD3ζ, and evaluated its capacity to promote cancer cell killing. Retroviral transduction of NKG2D-DAP10-CD3ζ markedly increased NKG2D surface expression in NK cells, which became consistently more cytotoxic than mock-transduced cells against leukemia and solid tumor cell lines. In contrast, there was no increase in cytotoxicity against nontransformed blood and mesenchymal cells. NKG2D blockade abrogated gains in cytotoxicity to cancer cells. Receptor stimulation triggered signal transduction, secretion of IFN-γ, GM-CSF, IL-13, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, CCL5, and TNF-α, and massive release of cytotoxic granules, which persisted after 48 hours of continuous stimulation. NKG2D-DAP10-CD3ζ–expressing NK cells had considerable antitumor activity in a mouse model of osteosarcoma, whereas activated NK cells were ineffective. Thus, the cytotoxic potential of NK cells against a wide spectrum of tumor subtypes could be markedly enhanced by expression of NKG2D-DAP10-CD3ζ receptors. The development of an electroporation method that permits rapid expression of the receptor in a large number of human NK cells facilitates clinical translation of this NK-based strategy for a generalized cellular therapy that may be useful to treat a wide range of cancers. Cancer Res; 73(6); 1777–86. ©2012 AACR.
Evaluation of Progression-Free Survival as a Surrogate Endpoint for Survival in Chemotherapy and Targeted Agent Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Trials
Authors: Sidhu Roger , Rong Alan , Dahlberg Steve 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Pooled analyses of chemotherapy trials in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) have suggested that progression-free survival (PFS) is a surrogate endpoint for overall survival (OS). However, this has not been evaluated under current standard-of-care regimens of chemotherapy in combination with targeted therapies. We conducted an analysis of published mCRC trials of chemotherapy and targeted therapies from 2000 to evaluate the surrogacy of PFS and response rate (RR) for OS. Study-level data was pooled from 24 randomized mCRC trials that evaluated fluoropyrimidine-based regimens and included trials conducted with targeted agents (panitumumab, cetuximab, bevacizumab, and aflibercept). A total of 69 treatment arms with a sample size of 20,438 patients was included. Linear regression analysis was carried out to estimate the correlation of PFS and RR with OS. The correlation coefficient between PFS HRs and OS HRs was 0.86 for all trials, 0.89 for 12 phase III trials of targeted agents in combination with chemotherapy, 0.95 for 8 first-line phase III trials of targeted agents, and 0.83 for 9 trials of anti-EGFR-targeted agents. In all cases, correlation coefficients between RR and OS HRs were lower than those between PFS HRs and OS HRs (range, 0.42–0.81). In this study-level analysis of randomized mCRC trials of chemotherapy and targeted agents, improvements in PFS are strongly correlated with improvements in OS. This suggests that PFS remains a valid surrogate endpoint for OS with current treatment regimens in the mCRC setting. Clin Cancer Res; 19(5); 969–76. ©2012 AACR.
Primary Melanoma of the CNS in Children Is Driven by Congenital Expression of Oncogenic NRAS in Melanocytes
Authors: Pedersen Malin , Küsters-Vandevelde Heidi V.N. , Viros Amaya , Groenen Patricia J.T.A. , Sanchez-Laorden Berta , Gilhuis Jacobus H. , van Engen-van Grunsven Ilse A. , Renier Willy , Schieving Jolanda , Niculescu-Duvaz Ion , Springer Caroline J. , Küsters Benno , Wesseling Pieter , Blokx Willeke A.M. , Marais Richard 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
NRAS mutations are common in human melanoma. To produce a mouse model of NRAS-driven melanoma, we expressed oncogenic NRAS (NRASG12D) in mouse melanocytes. When NRASG12D was expressed in the melanocytes of developing embryos, it induced melanocyte proliferation and congenital melanocytic lesions reminiscent of human blue nevi but did not induce cutaneous melanoma. Unexpectedly, however, it did induce early-onset primary melanoma of the central nervous system (CNS). The tumors were rapidly proliferating and caused neurologic symptoms, rapid health deterioration, and death. NRAS is not a common driver oncogene of primary melanoma of the CNS in adults, but we report two cases of primary melanoma of the CNS in children, both of which carried oncogenic mutations in NRAS. We conclude that acquisition of somatic mutations in NRAS in CNS melanocytes is a predisposing risk factor for primary melanoma of the CNS in children, and we present a mouse model of this disease.
Significance: We show that the acquisition of NRAS mutations in melanocytes during embryogenesis is a risk factor for early-onset melanoma of the CNS. We have developed a powerful mouse model to study this rare but devastating childhood disease, and to develop therapeutic approaches for its treatment. Cancer Discov; 3(4); 458–69. ©2013 AACR.
See related commentary by Ciarlo and Zon, p. 382
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 363
“Buddhist Compassion” and “Animal Abuse” in Thailand’s Tiger Temple
Authors: Cohen Erik 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
The Tiger Temple in Kanchanaburi province, western Thailand, is a popular tourist attraction, offering visitors a unique opportunity to interact closely with tigers. It presents itself as a “tiger sanctuary,” whose tigers have been tamed by nonviolent Buddhist methods. This claim has been disputed by visitors and animal welfare activists. This article confronts the Temple’s master narrative of “Buddhist compassion” with a counternarrative of “animal abuse” according to which, rather than being a “sanctuary” for tigers, the Temple in fact mistreats the animals and exploits them commercially. However, even as an animal welfare organization’s report confirmed the abuse of the tigers and called for their confiscation and for the suspension of their display to visitors, the Thai authorities granted the Temple permission to operate as a zoo. This decision highlights the profound contrast between Thai and Western-inspired international norms for the treatment of captive (wild) animals. The article examines the cultural roots of this contrast and argues that in their narrow focus on the Tiger Temple the critics have unwittingly missed the opportunity to use the Temple’s animal abuse as an instance of a wider problem in the perception and treatment of (wild) animals in Thailand.
Potential Benefits of Canine Companionship for Military Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Authors: Stern Stephen L. , Donahue D. Allen , Allison Sybil , Hatch John P. , Lancaster Cynthia L. , Benson Trisha A. , Johnson Allegro L. , Jeffreys Matthew D. , Pride Denise , Moreno Carlos , Peterson Alan L. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractInvestigators surveyed 30 U.S. military veterans with PTSD who reported having benefited from living with a dog. The subject population included men and women aged 34 to 67, with a mean of 56.9 years (SD= 8.1), who were being treated at two Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) outpatient clinics. Participants received a questionnaire packet designed to assess aspects of their mental and physical health and relationship with a canine companion, which they completed at home and returned either in person or by mail. The packet consisted of the PTSD Checklist-Military Version (PCL-M); Beck Depression Inventory, Second Edition (BDI-II); Veterans Short Form Health Survey and Health Behaviors Questionnaire (SF-36); Dog Information Sheet; Dog Relationship Questionnaire; and Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale. Respondents indicated that since adopting their dog they had experienced improvement in several areas, including feeling calmer, less lonely, less depressed, and less worried about their and their family’s safety. These results suggest that living with a companion dog may help relieve some of the psychological distress associated with PTSD in some veterans.
Study of mononchids from Iran, with description of Mylonchulus kermaniensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Mononchida)
Authors: SHOKOOHI EBRAHIM , MEHRABI-NASAB ABDOLRAHMAN , MIRZAEI MAHDIEH , PENEVA VLADA 
Published: January 2013

During a survey of soil nematodes in Iran, three species of predatory nematodes, including a new species of the genus Mylonchulus Cobb, 1916 were recovered. Mylonchulus kermaniensis sp. n. is characterised by its body length (1.2–1.4 mm), six rows of rasp-like denticles, the sixth line consisting of four denticles, female tail slightly sigmoid, sharply bent ventrad with digitate posterior portion slightly but clearly bent dorsad, (37–49 μm long, c=27.9–38.9, c'=1.2–1.7) with a terminal opening of spinneret. Two advulval papillae present, one is pre-vulval and the other one is located posterior to vulva. Furthermore, two other mononchid species namely M. cf. hawaiiensis (Cassidy, 1931) Goodey, 1951 and Mononchus truncatus Bastian, 1865 were also recovered from soil in the province of Kerman, Iran, the former representing a new geographical record for Iran. Measurements and illustration are provided for these three species. Molecular study of 18S rDNA region of M. cf. hawaiiensis demonstrated that the Iranian population compared with the nearest populations identified as M. hawaiiensis from Japan, shows 5 to 8 nucleotide differences. In addition, phylogeny of Mylonchulus is discussed and a checklist of the species of Mononchida from Iran is provided.
Harry Beal Torrey (1873–1970) of California, USA, and his research on hydroids and other coelenterates
Authors: CALDER DALE R. 
Published: January 2013

Harry Beal Torrey was born on 22 May 1873 in Boston, Massachusetts. Two years later his family moved to Oakland, California. Torrey earned B.S. and M.S. degrees in zoology from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1895 and 1898 respectively, a Ph.D. in zoology from Columbia University in 1903, and an M.D. from the Medical College of Cornell University in 1927. He began his academic career as a marine biologist, investigating taxonomy, reproduction, morphology, development, regeneration, and behaviour of cnidarians of the west coast of the United States, but his research interests soon shifted to experimental biology and endocrinology. He eventually entered the field of medicine, specializing in public health, and served as a physician and hospital administrator. Torrey held academic positions at the University of California, Berkeley (1895–1912), the Marine Biological Association of San Diego (1903–1912), Reed College (1912–1920), the University of Oregon (1920–1926), and Stanford University (1928–1938). Following retirement from academia, he served as Director of the Children’s Hospital of the East Bay, Oakland, California, from 1938 to 1942. In retirement, he continued an association with the University of California at Berkeley, near his home. Of 84 publications by him listed herein, 31 dealt with coelenterates. This paper focuses on his early research on coelenterate biology, and especially his contributions to taxonomy of hydroids. He was author or coauthor of six genera and 48 species-group taxa of Cnidaria, and he also described one new species each of Ctenophora and Phoronida. Although he abandoned systematic work early in his career, his most widely cited publication is a taxonomic monograph on hydroids of the west coast of North America, published in 1902. He died, at age 97, on 9 September 1970.
Two new species of Rhopalopsole (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) from China
Authors: QIAN YU-HAN , DU YU-ZHOU 
Published: January 2013

Two new species of the leuctrid genus Rhopalopsole from China are described, R. curvispina Qian & Du, sp. nov. and R. triseriata Qian & Du, sp. nov. The new species are compared to similar species in R. dentata group and R. magnicercia group.
A new species of Dendroblatta Rehn, 1916 from northern Brazil (Blattaria: Ectobiidae) collected in wasp nests
Authors: LOPES SONIA MARIA , DA SILVA LEONARDO DE OLIVEIRA CARDOSO 
Published: January 2013

Currently sixteen species of Dendroblatta Rehn, 1916 are known, twelve of them occurring in Brazil. In this paper, one new species, D. spiculata sp. nov., is described from material collected from the Acre and Amazonas states in northern Brazil, in wasp nests. The new species differs from all other members of the genus by the male genitalia pieces. Illustrations of the genital pieces are presented. In Brazil, the genus is now known from the states of Acre, Amazonas, Bahia, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Pará, Rio de Janeiro, and Rondônia.
Environmental Justice in Ohio
Authors: Naidu Sirisha C. , Manolakos Panayiotis T. , Hopkins Thomas E. 
Published: January 2013

This paper investigates the correlates of inequity in the distribution of exposure to air pollution in the state of Ohio. Although virtually all studies in the environmental justice literature analyze cross-sectional data, we construct a panel data set and estimate an econometric model of exposure utilizing the generalized method of moments. In addition, we postulate a surrogate for class position derived from data on estate tax collections. Even after accounting for some of the criticisms of the environmental justice literature, class and race are still significant correlates of the distribution of environmental burdens. JEL Classification: Q53, R10, C23
Long-Term Results of the Subclavian Flap Repair for Coarctation of the Aorta in Infants
Authors: Adams Elizabeth E. , Davidson William R. , Swallow Nicole A. , Nickolaus Michelle J. , Myers John L. , Clark Joseph B. 
Published: January 2013

Background: Coarctation is a congenital narrowing of the aorta that often requires repair during infancy. The subclavian flap aortoplasty was once widely favored for its avoidance of a circumferential suture line and low incidence of recoarctation. The aim of this study is to report the long-term results of the subclavian flap repair for coarctation of the aorta in infants. Methods: Our operative database was queried for infants with coarctation who underwent subclavian flap aortoplasty from 1966 to 1991. Medical records were reviewed for patient characteristics and outcomes. Survivors were identified for additional phone interview. Results: Fifty-five patients met the inclusion criteria. There were 7 early deaths (in hospital), 11 late deaths, 5 patients lost to follow-up, and 32 known long-term survivors with a mean follow-up of 22.0 years (range 2.4-34.9). Hospital mortality was not associated with patient characteristics but was associated with earlier year of surgery ( P = .015). A trend toward decreased overall survival was seen in patients with coarctation with associated cardiac defects ( P = .072). Reintervention for recoarctation was required in 3 (6.6%) patients and was not related to the patient characteristics. There were no apparent complications related to subclavian artery sacrifice. Conclusions: Subclavian flap aortoplasty provides excellent long-term results for the repair of coarctation in infants. The incidence of recoarctation requiring reintervention is low and compares favorably with other techniques. Compromise of growth or function of the left arm was not appreciated. The subclavian flap technique remains a viable surgical option for the repair of coarctation in infants.
Eosinophil extracellular DNA trap cell death mediates lytic release of free secretion-competent eosinophil granules in humans
Authors: Ueki Shigeharu , Melo Rossana C. N. , Ghiran Ionita , Spencer Lisa A. , Dvorak Ann M. , Weller Peter F. 
Published: January 2013

Key PointsThis research is the first to document that human eosinophils undergo extracellular DNA trap cell death. This research revealed a process by which eosinophils undergo cytolysis to liberate intact cell-free and secretion-competent granules.
Macrophage Wnt-Calcineurin-Flt1 signaling regulates mouse wound angiogenesis and repair
Authors: Stefater James A. , Rao Sujata , Bezold Katie , Aplin Alfred C. , Nicosia Roberto F. , Pollard Jeffrey W. , Ferrara Napoleone , Lang Richard A. 
Published: January 2013

Key PointsMacrophage Wnt signaling regulates wound angiogenesis and repair.
CD19+CD21low B cells and patients at risk for NIH-defined chronic graft-versus-host disease with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome
Authors: Kuzmina Zoya , Krenn Katharina , Petkov Ventzislav , Körmöczi Ulrike , Weigl Roman , Rottal Arno , Kalhs Peter , Mitterbauer Margit , Ponhold Lothar , Dekan Gerhard , Greinix Hildegard T. , Pickl Winfried F. 
Published: January 2013

Key Points
B-cell subpopulation as biomarker for NIH-defined BOS.
A novel flow cytometry–based platelet aggregation assay
Authors: De Cuyper Iris M. , Meinders Marjolein , van de Vijver Edith , de Korte Dirk , Porcelijn Leendert , de Haas Masja , Eble Johannes A. , Seeger Karl , Rutella Sergio , Pagliara Daria , Kuijpers Taco W. , Verhoeven Arthur J. , van den Berg Timo K. , Gutiérrez Laura 
Published: January 2013

Key PointsFCA is a novel flow cytometry–based platelet aggregation assay that allows single receptor analysis in small volume/thrombocytopenic samples FCA facilitates platelet studies in experimental animal models even during gestation and allows kinetic measurements in individual animals
Genome-wide identification of Ikaros targets elucidates its contribution to mouse B-cell lineage specification and pre-B–cell differentiation
Authors: Ferreirós-Vidal Isabel , Carroll Thomas , Taylor Benjamin , Terry Anna , Liang Ziwei , Bruno Ludovica , Dharmalingam Gopuraja , Khadayate Sanjay , Cobb Bradley S. , Smale Stephen T. , Spivakov Mikhail , Srivastava Prashant , Petretto Enrico , Fisher Amanda G. , Merkenschlager Matthias 
Published: January 2013

Key Points
We identify genes that are bound and regulated by Ikaros in pre-B cells. Ikaros dosage drives the differentiation of cycling (Fr.C') to resting (Fr.D) pre-B cells.