bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deficits in Muscle Mass, Muscle Density, and Modified Associations With Fat in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Baker Joshua F. , Von Feldt Joan , Mostoufi‐Moab Sogol , Noaiseh Ghaith , Taratuta Elena , Kim Woojin , Leonard Mary B. 
Published: March 2014

ObjectiveTo quantify muscle outcomes, independent of fat mass, in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients compared to healthy controls.MethodsQuantitative computed tomography scans measured calf muscle and fat cross‐sectional area (CSA) and muscle density (an index of intramuscular adipose tissue), and isometric dynamometry was used to measure ankle muscle strength in 50 participants with RA ages 18–70 years and 500 healthy controls. Multivariable linear regression models assessed muscle deficits in RA after adjusting for group differences in adiposity and assessing for an altered muscle–fat association. Associations between RA disease characteristics and fat‐adjusted muscle outcomes were also assessed.ResultsCompared to controls, RA subjects had significantly greater body mass index (BMI) and fat area, and lower muscle area, muscle density, and muscle strength (P < 0.001 for all). Strength deficits were eliminated with adjustment for the smaller muscle area. The magnitude of muscle deficits, relative to controls, was significantly greater (P < 0.03 for interaction) in participants with lower fat area and BMI. Among those in the lower tertiles of adiposity, RA subjects demonstrated more significant deficits compared to controls with similar adiposity. In contrast, among those in the highest tertile for adiposity, RA was not associated with muscle deficits. Among RA, greater Sharp/van der Heijde scores were associated with lower muscle CSA and muscle density. Greater disease activity and disability were associated with low muscle density.ConclusionDeficits in muscle area and muscle density are present in RA patients compared to controls and are most pronounced in subjects with low fat mass. Greater joint destruction is associated with greater muscle deficits.
Early Tumor Necrosis Factor α Antagonist Therapy in Everyday Practice for Inflammatory Back Pain Suggesting Axial Spondyloarthritis: Results From a Prospective Multicenter French Cohort
Authors: Canouï‐Poitrine Florence , Poulain Cécile , Molto Anna , Le Thuaut Aurélie , Lafon Cécile , Farrenq Valérie , Ferkal Salah , Le Corvoisier Philippe , Ghaleh Bijan , Bastuji‐Garin Sylvie , Fautrel B. , Dougados Maxime , Claudepierre Pascal 
Published: March 2014

ObjectiveTo determine the frequency of and factors associated with early tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) antagonist therapy in everyday clinical practice in patients with suspected axial spondyloarthropathy (SpA).MethodsWe used data from the prospective observational study in the French Devenir des Spondylarthropathies Indifférenciées Récentes (DESIR; Outcome of Recent Undifferentiated Spondylarthropathies) cohort of 708 patients with recent‐onset (<3 years) inflammatory back pain (IBP) suggesting axial SpA. TNFα antagonist use was recorded at months 6 and 12 and factors independently associated with TNFα antagonist therapy were identified by multivariate logistic regression.ResultsAmong the 708 patients (mean age 33.8 years, 46.2% men), 166 (23.4%) patients received TNFα antagonist therapy by month 12, including 120 (73.6%) patients who fulfilled Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) axial criteria and 157 (94.6%) who fulfilled at least 1 SpA criteria set; 109 (65.6%) had no sacroiliitis. Factors independently associated with early TNFα antagonist therapy were high Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score using the C‐reactive protein level (odds ratio [OR]1‐point increase 1.60, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.25–2.03, P < 0.001), high physician's global disease activity score (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.21–1.54, P < 0.001), ASAS nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug score >50 (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.24–2.87, P = 0.003), current or past disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug use (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.22–3.59, P = 0.008), systemic corticosteroid use (OR 2.48, 95% CI 1.43–4.34, P = 0.002), and mild to severe radiographic hip abnormalities (OR 9.43, 95% CI 2.11–42.09, P = 0.003). After adjustment on these factors, Achilles enthesis hypervascularization by power Doppler and number of work days missed were associated with TNFα antagonist therapy.ConclusionIn the DESIR cohort, approximately one‐fourth of patients with recent IBP suggestive of axial SpA were under anti‐TNFα therapy after 1 year of followup. All factors associated with this early initiation reflected higher disease activity, refractoriness, or severity, which suggests compliance of French rheumatologists with current treatment guidelines.
Relationships Between Driving Distance, Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis, and Disease‐Modifying Antirheumatic Drug Receipt
Authors: Polinski Jennifer M. , Brookhart M. Alan , Ayanian John Z. , Katz Jeffrey N. , Kim Seoyoung C. , Lii Joyce , Tonner Chris , Yelin Edward , Solomon Daniel H. 
Published: March 2014

ObjectiveDisease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are recommended for all patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Some estimate that approximately one‐half of patients with RA do not receive DMARDs. We hypothesized that patients with RA living farther from rheumatologists would be less likely to receive RA diagnoses and to receive DMARDs.MethodsUS‐based Medicare patients ages >65 years were study eligible. We calculated driving distance from patients' homes to the nearest rheumatologist. Using multivariable logistic regression, we assessed relationships between driving distance and RA diagnosis and between driving distance and DMARD receipt. In one set of analyses, distance was divided into quartiles: 0–2, 2.1–5, 5.1–15.9, and ≥16 miles. In a second set of analyses, we used predefined categories: 0–15, 15.1–30, 30.1–60, and >60 miles.ResultsAmong 59,426 Medicare beneficiaries, 918 had diagnosed RA. Compared to the first quartile, increased distance was associated with decreased odds of RA diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] 0.96 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.80–1.16] in second quartile, OR 0.88 [95% CI 0.72–1.07] in third quartile, and OR 0.72 [95% CI 0.56–0.93] in fourth quartile; P < 0.01 for trend). Similar results were observed using predefined categories. Among those with RA, increased distance was associated with increased odds of DMARD receipt across quartiles (OR 1.15 [95% CI 1.06–1.25] in second quartile, OR 1.41 [95% CI 1.29–1.54] in third quartile, and OR 1.32 [95% CI 1.18–1.46] in fourth quartile; P = 0.001 for trend). There was no relationship between predefined categories and DMARD receipt (P = 0.45 for trend).ConclusionIncreased driving distance to rheumatologists was associated with decreased odds of RA diagnosis. Among those with diagnosed RA, the odds of DMARD receipt rose as distance increased from <2 to 16 miles, but not beyond. Urban residents living closer to rheumatologists may have barriers to DMARD use besides geographic access.
Outdoor Operational Stability of Indium‐Free Flexible Polymer Solar Modules Over 1 Year Studied in India, Holland, and Denmark
Authors: Angmo Dechan , Sommeling Paul M. , Gupta Ritu , Hösel Markus , Gevorgyan Suren A. , Kroon Jan M. , Kulkarni Giridhar U. , Krebs Frederik C. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTWe present an outdoor interlaboratory stability study of fully printed and coated indium‐tin‐oxide (ITO)‐free polymer solar cell modules in JNCASR Bangalore (India), ECN (Holland), and DTU (Denmark) carried over more than 1 year. The modules comprising a fully printed and coated stack (Ag grid/PEDOT:PSS/ZnO/P3HT:PCBM/PEDOT:PSS/Ag grid) were prepared in two successive generations and evaluated for outdoor operational stability according to the test protocols laid out by the International Summit on OPV stability (ISOS‐3). The modules (70–100 cm2 active area) were encapsulated between two sheets of low‐cost plastic barrier material with the use of a UV curing adhesive. The impact of differences in the climatic conditions on the performance of the modules is highlighted and the performance of the modules under storage conditions in parallel with the outdoor study is investigated. While all Gen‐I modules failed, the best devices of Gen‐II module in which simple improvement in the encapsulation scheme (Gen‐II modules) was carried out maintained 95% of the initial performance after 1 year of outdoor testing. We provide detailed insight into the failure mode and offer a discussion on the need for improvement in flexible encapsulation. Finally, recommendations on future encapsulation schemes are also presented.
An intragenic deletion of the gene MNAT1 in a family with pectus deformities
Authors: Heithaus Jennifer L. , Davenport Sandra , Twyman Kimberly A. , Torti Erin E. , Batanian Jacqueline R. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractPectus carinatum and excavatum have multiple genetic associations. We report on a novel association of these deformities in a 34‐month‐old male and his father, likely due to a small intragenic deletion of MNAT1 (ménage a trois 1 gene). Both individuals share a deletion of MNAT1 located at 14q23.1 and an interstitial duplication of CHRNA7 located at 15q13.3. Deletion of MNAT1 has been associated with connective tissue abnormalities and is likely the etiology of the malformations, whereas the duplication of CHNRA7 is unlikely related due to the lack of association with any such connective tissue abnormalities. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Imidazolium Salt‐Catalyzed Friedel–Crafts‐Type Conjugate Addition of Indoles: Analysis of Indole/Imidazolium Complex by High Level ab Initio Calculations
Authors: Narumi Tetsuo , Tsuzuki Seiji , Tamamura Hirokazu 
Published: March 2014

AbstractWe describe the facile synthesis of 3‐substituted indoles by Friedel–Crafts‐type conjugate addition catalyzed by imidazolium salts. The reactions proceed under mild conditions with no base, solvent, or N‐heterocyclic carbene. Mechanistic studies suggest the potential mechanism operates through the dual activation of indoles involving cation–π interactions of imidazolium cations with indoles and Lewis base activation by chloride anions derived from the imidazolium salts. High‐level ab initio molecular orbital calculations reveal that there is a strong attraction between the imidazolium cation and the indole, and that the electrostatic and induction interactions strongly contributes to the attraction in the indole/imidazolium complex, which is a characteristic feature of the cation–π interaction.
Oxidant‐Resistant Hydrogen‐Bond‐Donating Organocatalyst for Enantioselective Nucleophilic Epoxidation of α,β‐Unsaturated Amides
Authors: Kobayashi Yusuke , Li Shanji , Takemoto Yoshiji 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBifunctional benzothiadiazine‐catalyzed epoxidation of α,β‐unsaturated amides proceeds efficiently to give chiral 2‐oxiranecarboxamides in excellent yields of 89–99 % and with good enantioselectivity of up to 84 % ee. A synthetic application of the oxiranecarboxamides is also described.
Bilateral juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: Report of a case
Authors: Wu Edward C. , Chark Davin W. , Bhandarkar Naveen D. 
Published: March 2014

BackgroundJuvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is the most common benign neoplasm of the nasopharynx. Almost always unilateral on diagnosis, JNAs are locally invasive and may extend across the midline, giving a false bilateral appearance; as such, true bilateral JNA is exceedingly rare. We present a recent case of true bilateral JNA.MethodsSingle case report of a patient with bilateral JNA, including clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management.ResultsThe patient presented with unilateral nasal obstruction and recurrent epistaxis. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated bilateral, noncontiguous masses. Angiography revealed independent vascular supplies from each respective side with no bilateral supply noted. The patient underwent preoperative embolization followed by endoscopic surgical removal of the larger mass; no complications were noted. Follow‐up at 2 years demonstrated no recurrence or growth.ConclusionThe vast majority of JNAs are unilateral, though invasive growth to the contralateral side may appear “bilateral” in presentation. Proper identification of true bilateral JNA is helpful in guiding management, wherein excision of both tumors may not be necessary.
Carbonfasern: Präkursor‐Systeme, Verarbeitung, Struktur und Eigenschaften
Authors: Frank Erik , Steudle Lisa M. , Ingildeev Denis , Spörl Johanna M. , Buchmeiser Michael R. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractDieser Aufsatz gibt einen Überblick über Präkursorsysteme, deren Verarbeitung und die resultierenden Eigenschaften der Carbonfasern (CF) in Abhängigkeit des Präkursors und berücksichtigt dabei die neuesten Entwicklungen auf dem Gebiet der alternativen Präkursoren für die Herstellung von preisgünstigeren CF. Es werden folgende Präkursoren behandelt: Polyacrylnitril‐basierte Copolymere, Pech, Cellulose, Lignin, Polyethylen und neue synthetische Polymerpräkursoren für hochwertige CF. Außerdem werden Zusammenhänge zwischen Struktur und Eigenschaften aufgezeigt, und es werden verschiedene Modelle vorgestellt, die sowohl die Struktur als auch die Morphologie von CF beschreiben.
Isoprene–Styrene Chain Shuttling Copolymerization Mediated by a Lanthanide Half‐Sandwich Complex and a Lanthanidocene: Straightforward Access to a New Type of Thermoplastic Elastomers
Authors: Valente Andreia , Stoclet Gregory , Bonnet Fanny , Mortreux André , Visseaux Marc , Zinck Philippe 
Published: March 2014

AbstractA lanthanide half‐sandwich complex and a ansa lanthanidocene have been assessed for isoprene–styrene chain shuttling copolymerization with n‐butylethylmagnesium (BEM). In the presence of 1 equiv BEM, a fully amorphous multiblock microstructure of soft and hard segments is achieved. The microstructure consists of poly(isoprene‐co‐styrene) blocks, with hard blocks rich in styrene and soft blocks rich in isoprene. The composition of the blocks and the resulting glass transition temperatures (Tg) can be easily modified by changing the feed and/or the relative amount of the catalysts, highlighting a new class of thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) with tunable transition temperatures. The materials self‐organize into nanostructures in the solid state.
Confirmed by X‐ray Crystallography: The B⋅B One‐Electron σ Bond
Authors: Hübner Alexander , Diehl Andreas M. , Diefenbach Martin , Endeward Burkhard , Bolte Michael , Lerner Hans‐Wolfram , Holthausen Max C. , Wagner Matthias 
Published: March 2014

AbstractIs one electron sufficient to bring about significant σ bonding between two atoms? The chemist’s view on the chemical bond is usually tied to the concept of shared electron pairs, and not too much experimental evidence exists to challenge this firm belief. Whilst species with the unusual one‐electron σ‐bonding motif between homonuclear atoms have so far been identified mainly by spectroscopic evidence, we present herein the first crystallographic characterization, augmented by a detailed quantum‐chemical validation, for a radical anion featuring a B⋅B one‐electron‐two‐center σ bond.
Fusing N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes with Carborane Anions
Authors: El‐Hellani Ahmad , Lavallo Vincent 
Published: March 2014

AbstractHere we describe the fusion of two families of unusual carbon‐containing molecules that readily disregard the tendency of carbon to form four chemical bonds, namely N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) and carborane anions. Deprotonation of an anionic imidazolium salt with lithium diisopropylamide at room temperature leads to a mixture of lithium complexes of C‐2 and C‐5 dianionic NHC constitutional isomers as well as a trianionic (C‐2, C‐5) adduct. Judicious choice of the base and reaction conditions allows the selective formation of all three stable polyanionic carbenes. In solution, the so‐called abnormal C‐5 NHC lithium complex slowly isomerizes to the normal C‐2 NHC, and the process can be proton‐catalyzed by the addition of the anionic imidazolium salt. These results indicate that the combination of two unusual forms of carbon atoms can lead to unexpected chemical behavior, and that this strategy paves the way for the development of a broad new generation of NHC ligands for catalysis.
Flux potentials of aerosols and their spatial variations in a coastal metropolis
Authors: Uygur Nihan , Saral Arslan , Yetilmezsoy Kaan , Demir Selami , Kuzu S. Levent , Celikten Hakan , Abdul‐Wahab Sabah Ahmed 
Published: March 2014

AbstractContribution of marine aerosols to marine boundary layer was investigated in Istanbul, Turkey. Average fluxes of Na+ and Cl− were determined to be 49.0 and 64.9 mg (m2 day)−1, with the highest values being 510.8 and 825.2 mg (m2 day)−1, respectively. Monthly fluxes of other parameters (flouride, chloride, bromide, phosphate, lithium, sodium, potassium, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, sulfate, magnesium, calcium, zinc, lead, cobalt, cadmium, nickel, manganese, chromium, vanadium, copper, iron, aluminum and boron) were also studied. Contribution of sea salt aerosols from Black Sea was of great importance along the Bosphorous line, while other sources are also effective along the coasts of Marmara Sea.
Synoptic climatology associated with extreme snowfall events in Sapporo city of northern Japan
Authors: Farukh M. A. , Yamada Tomohito J. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractSynoptic‐scale atmospheric circulations are crucial for extreme snowfall events. On the basis of topmost 100 snowfall intensity days in Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan over winter seasons from 1992 to 2011, this study uses principal component analysis and K‐means clustering to characterize synoptic circulation patterns. Composite maps were constructed for sea‐level pressure, 850 hPa moisture and wind field, and 500 hPa geopotential height. The circulation patterns of the topmost seven snowfall events were triggered by the advection of very cold airmass from eastern Siberia, anomalously huge moisture with northerly strong wind, active and stationary Aleutian low, and 500 hPa deep cold‐core low over the southern Hokkaido.
Kinome profiling of osteoblasts on hydroxyapatite opens new avenues on biomaterial cell signaling
Authors: Gemini‐Piperni Sara , Milani Renato , Bertazzo Sérgio , Peppelenbosch Maikel , Takamori Esther R. , Granjeiro José Mauro , Ferreira Carmen V. , Teti Anna , Zambuzzi Willian 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTIn degenerative diseases or lesions, bone tissue replacement and regeneration are important clinical goals. The most used bone substitutes today are hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds. These scaffolds, developed over the last few decades, present high porosity and good osteointegration, but haven't completely solved issues related to bone defects. Moreover, the exact intracellular mechanisms involved in the response to HA have yet to be addressed. This prompted us to investigate the protein networks responsible for signal transduction during early osteoblast adhesion on synthetic HA scaffolds. By performing a global kinase activity assay, we showed that there is a specific molecular machinery responding to HA contact, immediately triggering pathways leading to cytoskeleton rearrangement due to activation of Adducin 1 (ADD1), protein kinase A (PKA), protein kinase C (PKC), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Moreover, we found a significantly increased phosphorylation of the activating site Ser‐421 in histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), a substrate of Cyclin‐Dependent Kinase 5 (CDK5). These phosphorylation events are hallmarks of osteoblast differentiation, pointing to HA surfaces ability to promote differentiation. We also found that AKT was kept active, suggesting the maintenance of survival pathways. Interestingly, though, the substrate sequence of CDK5 also presented higher phosphorylation levels when compared to control conditions. To our knowledge, this kinase has never before been related to osteoblast biology, opening a new avenue of investigation for novel pathways involved in this matter. These results suggest that HA triggers a specific intracellular signal transduction cascade during early osteoblast adhesion, activating proteins involved with cytoskeleton rearrangement, and induction of osteoblast differentiation. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 1900–1905. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of HER2 expression between primary colorectal cancer and their corresponding metastases
Authors: Lee Won‐Suk , Park Yeon Ho , Lee Jung Nam , Baek Jeong‐Heum , Lee Tae‐Hoon , Ha Seung Yeon 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) status in primary colorectal cancer and paired liver or lung metastasis. Gene amplification of HER2 has been intensively evaluated in contemporary oncology, especially in breast and stomach cancer. The knowledge of HER2 status in primary and metastatic sites may be of potential value for therapeutic decision making in metastatic colon cancer. The HER2 status was assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 94 colorectal cancer with corresponding liver or lung metastases. HER2 amplification was present in 19 of the 188 (10.1%) of both primary and metastases combined. Four (4.6%) patients showed HER2 amplification in the metastasis and 10 (10.6%) patients showed HER2 amplification in the primary tumor. In 14 cases (14.8%), the HER2 status of the primary lesions was different from that of the associated metastases. The presence of HER2 overexpression in KRAS mutant colon cancer was found in 5.3%. No relationship was found between HER2 expression and KRAS status (P = 0.486). The evidence of HER2 positive metastatic lesion and primary colorectal cancer suggest that HER2 assessment might be considered in selected cases when this may help change the therapeutic decision.
Percutaneous mitral valve repair with the mitraclip system according to the predicted risk by the logistic EuroSCORE: Preliminary results from the German Transcatheter Mitral Valve Interventions (TRAMI) registry
Authors: Wiebe Jens , Franke Jennifer , Lubos Edith , Boekstegers Peter , Schillinger Wolfgang , Ouarrak Taoufik , May Andreas E. , Eggebrecht Holger , Kuck Karl‐Heinz , Baldus Stephan , Senges Jochen , Sievert Horst ,   for the German Transcatheter Mitral Valve Interventions (TRAMI) Investigators
Published: March 2014

ObjectiveTo evaluate in‐hospital and short‐term outcomes of percutaneous mitral valve repair according to patients' logistic EuroSCORE (logEuroSCORE) in a multicenter registryBackgroundThe logEuroSCORE is an established tool to predict the risk of mortality during cardiac surgery. In high‐risk patients percutaneous mitral valve repair with the MitraClip system represents a less‐invasive alternativeMethodsData from 1002 patients, who underwent percutaneous mitral valve repair with the MitraClip system, were analyzed in the German Transcatheter Mitral Valve Interventions (TRAMI) Registry. A logEuroSCORE (mortality risk in %) ≥ 20 was considered high riskResultsOf all patients, 557 (55.6%) had a logEuroSCORE ≥ 20. Implantation of the MitraClip was successful in 95.5 % (942/986) patients. Moderate residual mitral valve regurgitation was more often detected in patients with a logEuroSCORE ≥ 20 (23.8% vs. 17.1%, respectively, P < 0.05). In patients with a logEuroSCORE ≥ 20 the procedural complication rate was 8.9% (vs. 6.4, n.s.) and the in‐hospital MACCE rate 4.9% (vs. 1.4% P < 0.01). The in‐hospital mortality rate in patients with a logEuroSCORE ≥ 20 and logEuroSCORE < 20 was 4.3 and 1.1%, respectively (P ≤ 0.01)ConclusionPercutaneous mitral valve repair with the MitraClip system is feasible in patients with a logEuroSCORE ≥ 20 with similar procedural results compared to patients with lower predicted risk. Although mortality was four times higher than in patients with logEuroSCORE < 20, mortality in high risk patients was lower than predicted. In those with a logEuroSCORE ≥ 20, moderate residual mitral valve regurgitation was more frequent. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.