bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical treatment of subependymal giant cell astrocytoma in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex – an institutional experience and results
Authors: Tuft Mia , Berger Ylva Østby , Marthinsen Pål Bache , Due-Tønnessen Bernt , Fric Radek 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) present in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), occasionally requiring surgical removal. The study aimed to analyze the results from our series of children undergoing surgery for SEGA.
Methods
We retrospectively identified children with TSC undergoing resection of SEGA at Oslo University Hospital between 1982 to 2016. Patient charts, radiological images, epilepsy and neuropsychological reports were reviewed.
Results
Out of 208 patients with TSC, 18 (9%) underwent resection of SEGA. Due to missing data, we could only analyze results from 14 surgeries in 11 children (median age 6 years, range 0–19; male/female ratio 2.7:1). The tumours were bilateral in four (36%) patients. The tumor diameter was median 19 mm (10–104 mm). The surgical approach was transcortical in eight (57%) and transcallosal in six surgeries (43%). Gross total resection was achieved in 12 (86%) of surgeries. There was no mortality or major morbidity related to surgery, but one patient developed complications related to the ventriculoperitoneal shunt. During the follow-up (median 11 years, range 1–21), three patients (27%) underwent repeated surgery. We could not document any significant impact of the surgery on patients` cognitive functioning or the grade of epilepsy.
Conclusions
Resection of SEGA in children with TSC was associated with a low complication rate. We could not document any impact of surgery on patients` cognitive functioning or grade of epilepsy. However, the neuropsychological data were limited in most cases. Neuropsychological assessment should be performed before the surgery and be a part of follow-up after surgery.
Predicting spread through air space of lung adenocarcinoma based on deep learning and machine learning models
Authors: Wang Zengming , Kong Lingxin , Li Bin , Zhao Qingtao , Zhang Xiaopeng , Zhao Huanfen , Xue Wenfei , Li Wei , Xu Shun , Duan Guochen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop a machine learning model that can predict spread through air space (STAS) of lung adenocarcinoma preoperatively. STAS is associated with poor prognosis in invasive lung adenocarcinoma. Therefore non-invasive and accurate pre-surgical prediction of STAS in patients with lung adenocarcinoma is essential for individualised patient management.
METHODS：We included 138 patients with invasive lung adenocarcinoma who underwent lobectomy, collected their preoperative imaging data and clinical features, built a model for predicting STAS using machine learning and deep learning methods, and validated the efficacy of the model. Finally a nomogram was created based on logistic regression (LR).
RESULTS：Imaging histology features showed good model efficacy in both the training set (LR AUC=0.764) and the test set (LR AUC=0.776), and we combined the imaging histology and clinical features to jointly build a nomogram graph (AUC=0.878), extracted the deep learning features, and built a machine learning model based on the ResNET50 algorithm, where the LR AUC=0.918
CONCLUSIONS：This presented radiomics model can be served as a non-invasive for predicting STAS in Infiltrating lung adenocarcinoma.
Development and Validation of a Polyfit Approach for Assessing Alveolar Bone Loss Using Panoramic Radiography
Authors: Tian Erkang , Hong Jiawei , Tang Zihua , Ren Ruiting , Li Shuoshun , Abdulqader Abbas Ahmed , Li Mingshan , Li Juan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Panoramic radiographs (PAN) are one of the most common diagnostic tools in clinical practice. Periodontal disease, the second most prevalent oral disease, significantly impacts patients' quality of life. However, there is currently no standardized and quantitative image analysis method for periodontal diagnosis. This study aims to estimate alveolar bone loss in six sections of the mouth using the Polyfit approach on panoramic radiography. This approach utilizes ratio and proportional measurements based on fixed anatomical points to improve the accuracy of assessing bone loss.
Methods
In this retrospective clinical study, we assessed alveolar bone loss (ABL) in 290 subjects. The subjects were divided into two groups based on the presence of any ABL sextants. Each tooth was manually marked with reference anatomical landmarks using Anaconda-Labelme 5.2.1 software. To evaluate the proportion ratio of ABL for each tooth, we employed the PAN-POL model based on the polyfit function to quantify bone loss across six dental segments and the entire dental arch. For the reliability of measurements, Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) was used in 30 patients. Measurements were conducted in Mimics 21.0 and compared with the model's results to validate the ABL assessment. An independent sample t-test or the intergroup rank-sum test was used to evaluate the data. Pearson’s correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were used to test and verify the correlation between CBCT and panoramic radiography. P values of > 0.05 were considered not statistically significant.
Results
The PAN-POL model demonstrated effective differentiation between resorption and non-resorption groups, and the groups based on two classification achieving statistical significance (P < 0.05), and the ratio results were consistent with those from CBCT (P > 0.05), indicating no significant difference. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) results for reliability testing among two experts for both PAN and CBCT were steadily 0.83 ± 0.06 and 0.93 ± 0.06 (ICC>0.75).
Conclusion
In this study, the PAN-POL model accurately measured ABL in panoramic images by incorporating standard anatomical landmarks. This model aids in Periodontal Screening and Recording, serving as a novel, valuable and intuitive tool for initial periodontal diagnosis.
TMS-Evoked Potentials: Neurophysiological Biomarkers For Diagnosis And Prediction Of Response To Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt In Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Authors: Davidy Tal , Anis Saar , Suminski Alexandra , Zauberman Yakov , Fay-Karmon Tsvia , Saar Adi , Zifman Noa , Fogel Hilla , Abulher Eden , Lesman-Segev Orit , Hassin-Baer Sharon 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Current practice for normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) relies upon clinical presentation, imaging and invasive clinical procedures for indication of treatment with ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS).
We aimed to assess the utility of a TMS-evoked potential (TEP)-based evaluation, for prediction of response to VPS in NPH, as an alternative for the cerebrospinal fluid tap test (CTT).
Methods
37 "possible iNPH" patients and 16 age-matched healthy controls (HC) were included. All subjects performed Delphi (TMS-EEG and automated analysis of TEP), in response to primary motor cortex (M1) and dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC) stimulations. Sixteen patients underwent VPS and response was evaluated with change in modified Rankin Scale (MRS), clinical global impression of change (CGIC) regarding gait and the change on a repeated 3-meter timed up and Go (TUG) after 3 months.
Results
TEP Delphi-NPH index was most successful in discrimination of iNPH responders to VPS (ROC-AUC of 0.91, p=0.006) compared to other imaging (AUCEI=0.58, p=0.58; AUCTH=0.65, p=0.32; AUCCA=0.83, p=0.03) and TUG tests (AUCTUG=0.63, p=0.42; AUCCTT=0.65, p=0.35). The TEP M1 P60 and P180 latencies were earlier in responders compared to controls (pM1 P60=0.016, pM1 P180=0.009, respectively). Also, significant correlations of TEP Delphi measures were registered in comparison to the rank CGIC and magnitude of change in TUG times.
Conclusion
These initial results suggest that TEPs, may be an alternative for CTT, in prediction of response to VPS in patients suspected as iNPH, exhibiting higher efficacy with reduced patient discomfort and risks, given replication of results in a larger sample and longer follow up times.
Trial registration
The trial was registered in the Israeli ministry of health clinical trial registry. Registry number: MOH_2021-12-08_010449 https://my.health.gov.il/CliniTrials/Pages/MOH_2021-12-08_010449.aspx
The Risk Association Between Blood Pb Levels and Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Cross-sectional Study Based on the NHANES Database 1999-2018
Authors: Ning Yaxian , Zhou Xiaochun , Wang Gouqin , Zhang Lili , Wang Jianqin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The onset of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is insidious, with early symptoms not being obvious. When diagnosed, it often causes serious damage to the organism. The relationship between heavy metals and diabetic nephropathy (DKD), especially the threshold, has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to further investigate the association between environmental heavy metal exposure and the risk of DKD.
Methods
The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1999 to 2018 were utilized for this study, comprising information on 1,343 participants. A baseline table was created to explore the differences in clinical characteristics between individuals with DKD and those without. Multivariate glm regression models were conducted to assess the correlation of clinical characteristics with DKD. Weighted logistic regression analysis was then employed to further confirm the stability of the correlation between exposure factors and DKD risk across populations. Finally, the independent predictive power of significantly differential clinical characteristics in DKD was explored using a nomogram. Meanwhile, the predictive accuracy of the nomogram was assessed.
Results
Clinical characteristics such as age, marital status, and serum Pb levels were significantly different between patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) with and without DKD. Serum Pb was identified as a risk factor correlated with DKD in three multivariate glm regression models (Model 1: odds ratio (OR) = 1.35, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18–1.54, p-value < 0.0001; Model 2: OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.05–1.34, p-value = 0.0060; Model 3: OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.19–1.61, p-value < 0.0001). After weighted logistic regression analysis, variables such as age, race, and PIR were also found to be associated with the risk of DKD. Based on these differential clinical characteristics, a nomogram was developed. Eventually, the area under the ROC curve was greater than 0.7, indicating a high degree of predictive accuracy. The calibration curve also demonstrated a good fit, and the decision curve analysis confirmed significant clinical benefit from using our nomogram.
Conclusion
The present study analyzsed data from the NHANES database and found a significant correlation between serum Pb levels and DKD, which had a non-linear relationship with a well-defined threshold.
Roman pottery production in the coast of Granada (Spain) in the early Late Antiquity: a scientific analysis of ceramics from the kiln site of Los Matagallares
Authors: Fantuzzi Leandro , Bernal-Casasola Darío , Portillo-Sotelo José L. , Díaz José Juan , Cau-Ontiveros Miguel Ángel , Kiriatzi Evangelia , Müller Noémi S. , Martínez Lourdes Lorenzo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The kiln site of Los Matagallares (Salobreña, Granada, Spain) is one of the most important pottery production sites of the Roman period in southern Iberia, particularly for the 3rd century AD. The workshop produced a wide variety of ceramics, but focused on the manufacture of amphorae for the long-distance trade of local/regional fish products, wine, and other foodstuffs, and thus played an important role in the economy of Roman Baetica during the transition to the Late Roman Empire. A combined petrographic, mineralogical, and elemental characterisation of amphorae and other ceramics from the site, using a multi-technique approach (thin-section petrography, X-ray diffraction and wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence), allowed for establishing a compositional reference group for this workshop, as well as investigating technological aspects of pottery production at the site. The definition of a compositional reference group for the particular kiln site enabled us to identify an amphora from Los Matagallares in a consumption context in the Catalan coastal city of Mataró. More generally, it will be an invaluable tool for future studies, as it will allow for the identification of products from this prolific kiln site in consumption contexts all over the Roman world, and will aid towards a better understanding of the trade connections between production areas and consumption sites in Antiquity.
Cognitive impairment in multiple system atrophy and spinocerebellar ataxias: A case series
Authors: Zhao Jing , Yin Yunsi , Yang Haoxun , Qin Qi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) and spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) share similar clinical symptoms. Therefore, it is challenging to differentiate MSA and SCAs according to clinical symptoms, especially in the early stage. Currently, the diagnosis still relies on auxiliary inspection and genetic testing. The difference in cognitive symptoms between MSA and SCAs has not been fully investigated. Hence, the aim of this study was to analyze the differences in cognitive impairment between MSA and SCAs.
Methods
Five MSA patients and 5 patients with SCAs were recruited from the memory clinic of Xuanwu Hospital from March to September 2021. We collected detailed clinical information, imaging data, neuropsychological scales and genetic analysis of the patients. Then, we compared the differences in each cognitive domain between MSA and SCA patients.
Results
Comparison of SCA and MSA patients revealed that MSA patients had lower scores on the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR). There were no statistically significant group difference in global cognitive functioning, as indicated by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores.
Conclusion
Both MSA and SCAs present with cognitive impairment, but MSA presents more obvious symptom severity.
Cell viability measured by cytotoxicity assay as a biomarker of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Lee Ye Jin , Eo Eun-Young , Joo Dong Hyun , Yoon Si-mong , Kim Hyung-Jun , Song Myung Jin , Kwon Byoung Soo , Kim Yeon Wook , Lim Sung Yoon , Lee Yeon-Joo , Park Jong Sun , Cho Young-Jae , Lee Jae Ho 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background and objective
Acute severe exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is related to high mortality; however, a robust blood biomarker for COPD exacerbation has not been established. Impaired clearance of apoptotic cells is a possible pathogenesis of COPD development. We evaluated the clinical utility of serum cell viability as a predictive biomarker for COPD exacerbation.
Methods
Using serum from patients with stable COPD, cell viability was analyzed with a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. The patients were divided into low (optical density [OD] > 0.737) and high (OD ≤ 0.737) cell viability groups. Poisson regression analyses estimated the prognostic impact for COPD exacerbation, and a Cox proportional hazard model determined the impact on mortality.
Results
Among 162 patients, 47 were excluded due to follow-up loss within 1 year, asthma or combined interstitial lung disease diagnosis, and unsuitable cell viability measurements. The median follow-up duration was 6.3 years; 61 (53%) patients experienced at least one moderate or severe exacerbation, and 21 (19.7%) died. Patients in the low cell viability group were older, more likely to have poor quality of life and had a lower proportion of the non-exacerbator phenotype than those in the high cell viability group. The low cell viability group had a higher risk of moderate (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.58; p = 0.049) and severe (IRR, 2.69; p = 0.001) exacerbations and mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 5.79; p = 0.016).
Conclusion
We identified that low cell viability, measured with a serum LDH cytotoxicity assay, was associated with severe COPD exacerbation and higher mortality in patients with COPD.
Can the 'Pregnant Index' be used as a diagnostic marker in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in pregnant women?
Authors: SEZİKLİ Ismail , TOPCU Ramazan , TUTAN Mehmet Berksun , YÜKSEK Mahmut Arif , ASLAN Orhan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Acute appendicitis is one of the most common non-gynecological and non-obstetric causes of acute abdominal conditions requiring urgent surgery during pregnancy. Due to the similarity between the symptoms of the disease and those of pregnancy, laboratory findings become particularly important in diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate these parameters for the first time using a new index definition.
Methods
Between 2015 and 2021, a total of 120 patients were included in the study, divided into the four groups: healthy pregnant woman (HPW), healthy woman (HW), unhealthy pregnant woman (UPW), and unhealthy woman (UW). Laboratory parameters, including white blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), ischemia-modified albumin (iMA), and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), were assessed.
Results
In this study, significant differences were observed in various laboratory parameters between groups, such as WBC, CRP, NLR, and PLR, indicating potential markers for differentiating between pregnant women with and without appendicitis. An index was created for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in pregnant women and was named the Pregnant Index. The Pregnant Index (PGIndex) values of pregnant women without appendicitis were compared with those of pregnant women with appendicitis. It was found that the PGIndex value was significantly higher in pregnant women with appendicitis (p < 0.001). Using the ROC curve and Youden index, the PGIndex cut-off value to best differentiate between the two groups was 10.62. This value provided a sensitivity of 73.3%, specificity of 96.7%, positive predictive value of 95.7%, negative predictive value of 78.7%, and test accuracy of 85% for identifying pregnant women with appendicitis. Compared to other markers, the PGIndex had the highest accuracy value, and it was observed that patients with a PGIndex value above 10.62 had a significantly increased likelihood of having appendicitis. These results indicate that the PGIndex is a significant marker for detecting appendicitis in pregnant women.
Conclusion
Laboratory parameters, particularly NLR and PLR, show promise as diagnostic tools for appendicitis in pregnant women. Incorporating these markers, the Pregnant Index (PGIndex) demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing between pregnant women with and without appendicitis. This is the first study using the Pregnant Index in pregnant women to diagnose appendicitis. Early diagnosis is crucial for preventing maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality associated with appendicitis during pregnancy.
Prognostic and immunological analysis of METTL16 in pan-cancer
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Zhou Chao , Hu Naihao , Xia Sijun , Zeng Kefei , Cai Jiheng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
METTL16 is a methyltransferase that functions as a m6A writer. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that METTL16 can participate in tumor development, but there is no report on pan-cancer analysis of METTL16. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role and mechanism of METTL16 in pan-cancer.
Methods
Through the use of multiple bioinformatics approaches, we have elucidated the role of METTL16 at the pan-cancer level in the methylation modification, DNA repair, tumor cell stemness, genome stability, and the tumor immune microenvironment, as well as its consequent impact on cancer prognosis.
Results
We found that METTL16 is differentially expressed at the transcriptional and translational levels in pan-cancer, which correlates with tumor prognosis. The methylation of METTL16, which has multiple methylation modification activities, enhances the prognosis of cancer by promoting the infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and the expression of chemokines, receptors, MHCs, and immunostimulators. In pan-cancer, the aberrant expression of METTL16 also affects DNA repair, leading to altered tumor cell stemness and gene stability. METTL16 is an important molecule involved in the reprogramming of the tumor immune microenvironment. It impacts the expression of numerous immune checkpoint genes and prevents the infiltration of immune-suppressing cells, including M2 macrophages, regulatory T cells, and Dendritic cells. And it serves as an indicator of M1 macrophages infiltration. Furthermore, the expression level of METTL16 can also reflect the outcomes of cancer treatment after chemotherapy or immunotherapy. We also conducted a screening of drugs that target METTL16 and predicted their efficacy.
Conclusions
METTL16's differential expression in pan-cancer can result in alterations to DNA repair pathways, which can influence the stemness of tumor cells and contribute to genome instability. Methylation of METTL16 and its expression level can affect the remodelling of the tumor immune microenvironment. The prognosis of patients may be affected by these changes in tumors caused by METTL16, which implies that it could be a target for anti-tumor therapy.