bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential contribution of the socio-economic approach to management to a better integration of CSR norms and economic standards
Authors: Savall Henri , Zardet Véronique , Péron Michel , Bonnet Marc 
Published: October 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to show the importance of an integrative approach to CSR.Design/methodology/approach– The paper is based on the qualimetrics intervention-research methodology. It is an exploratory research project.Findings– The intervention-research case study shows an example where an integrative approach to CSR was made possible.Research limitations/implications– The paper only presents an example of a company. Future research should show how the method that has been experimented to integrate CSR might be implemented.Practical implications– The paper might help company actors debate and propose an innovative approach to CSR.Social implications– The paper provides scientific methods to better negotiate the creation of norms and standards in the field of CSR, enabling to move one step further as regards ISO 26000.Originality/value– It shows some of the conditions required to bridge the gap between CSR and financial standards.
Implementing SA8000 certification standards
Authors: Davoine Eric , Gendre Delphine 
Published: October 2014

Purpose– The aim of this paper is to identify difficulties and tension fields encountered in a Social Accountability (SA) 8000 certification process. The paper is based on a case study within a multinational small–medium enterprise (SME) during the implementation of a SA8000 standard.Design/methodology/approach– In the framework of the case study, we adopt a cognitivist approach and use cognitive maps to describe and analyze the corporate social responsibility (CSR) representations of the main actors of the certification process: the owner-manager of the SME and the certification manager. We collected additional information on the case company through document analysis, additional interviews, validation interviews, confrontation interviews and follow-up interviews after one year.Findings– The analysis of cognitive maps revealed tension fields and difficulties linked to the different representations of social responsibility between the social accountability standard SA8000 and the owner-manager strategic vision. It also underlines the sensemaking role of the certification manager in the certification process.Research limitations/implications– Limitations of the research are the explorative character of an illustrative case study and the limits of the construction of cognitive maps. The cognitive perspective brings new insights into the certification process and into the interaction between middle and top management.Practical implications– Implementing a CSR standard necessitates a cognitive change of individual representationsto integrate CSR standardized criteria in the complex, idiosyncratic and systemic representations of the main actors.Social implications– The case study shows clearly the tensions existing between the CSR representation based on a social standard and the CSR representation of SME owner-managers.Originality/value– Cognitive mapping has been often used to analyze and to discuss strategic vision of SME owner-managers, but rarely in the field of CSR. The confrontation of two maps and the complementary analysis of the case study context bring additional perspectives on implementation difficulties.
Differential effects of the working alliance in family therapeutic home‐based treatment of multi‐problem families
Authors: Bachler Egon , Frühmann Alexander , Bachler Herbert , Aas Benjamin , Strunk Guido , Nickel Marius 
Published: October 2014

Families with a low socioeconomic status play an increasingly significant role in health services, research and social policy. The present outcome research study is a pre/post naturalistic study of home‐based therapeutic work with multi‐problem families (MPF), as conducted by Therapeutisch Ambulante Familenbetreung, an integrative family therapy with a structure‐related, mentalization‐based, psychoanalytic orientation. With a mean treatment duration of 75.7 weeks, 379 families showed significant psychological improvement on 10 scales concerning patient–therapist collaboration, treatment expectancy and psycho‐social outcome measures with a medium to large effect size for all parameters (range: .35–1.49). About two‐thirds of the sample improved by two SD on individually set treatment goals, further supporting the clinical significance of the therapeutic effect of home‐based family treatment. Improvements in goal‐directed collaboration and treatment expectancy are shown to be related to clinical improvement. Structural family therapy interventions for families with multiple problems thus benefit from individually setting goals and improving their self‐efficacy and problem‐solving by means of improved treatment expectancy.Practitioner's points
MPF constitute a significant problem in healthcare and costs (burden of disease).
The treatment of MPF is considered relatively difficult.
Improvements to the process quality (working alliance, treatment expectancy) increase the quality of the results of home‐based treatment of MPF.
Diversity and geochemical structuring of bacterial communities along a salinity gradient in a carbonate aquifer subject to seawater intrusion
Authors: Héry Marina , Volant Aurélie , Garing Charlotte , Luquot Linda , Elbaz Poulichet Françoise , Gouze Philippe 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn aquifers subject to saline water intrusion, the mixing zone between freshwater and saltwater displays strong physico-chemical gradients. Although the microbial component of these specific environments has been largely disregarded, the contribution of micro-organisms to biogeochemical reactions impacting water geochemistry has previously been conjectured. The objective of this study was to characterize and compare bacterial community diversity and composition along a vertical saline gradient in a carbonate coastal aquifer using high throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. At different depths of the mixing zone, stable geochemical and hydrological conditions were associated with autochthonous bacterial communities harboring clearly distinct structures. Diversity pattern did not follow the salinity gradient, although multivariate analysis indicated that salinity was one of the major drivers of bacterial community composition, with organic carbon, pH and CO2 partial pressure. Correlation analyses between the relative abundance of bacterial taxa and geochemical parameters suggested that rare taxa may contribute to biogeochemical processes taking place at the interface between freshwater and saltwater. Bacterial respiration or alternative metabolisms such as sulfide oxidation or organic acids production may be responsible for the acidification and the resulting induced calcite dissolution observed at a specific depth of the mixing zone.
In-depth analyses of deep subsurface sediments using 454-pyrosequencing reveals a reservoir of buried fungal communities at record-breaking depths
Authors: Rédou Vanessa , Ciobanu Maria Cristina , Pachiadaki Maria G. , Edgcomb Virginia , Alain Karine , Barbier Georges , Burgaud Gaëtan 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The deep subseafloor, extending from a few centimeters below the sediment surface to several hundred meters into sedimentary deposits, constitutes the deep biosphere and harbors an unexpected microbial diversity. Several studies have described the occurrence, turnover, activity and function of subseafloor prokaryotes; however, subsurface eukaryotic communities still remain largely underexplored. Ribosomal RNA surveys of superficial and near-surface marine sediments have revealed an unexpected diversity of active eukaryotic communities, but knowledge of the diversity of deep subseafloor microeukaryotes is still scarce. Here, we investigated the vertical distribution of DNA and RNA fungal signatures within subseafloor sediments of the Canterbury basin (New Zealand) by 454 pyrotag sequencing of fungal genetic markers. Different shifts between the fungal classes of Tremellomycetes, Sordariomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, Saccharomycetes, Wallemiomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Exobasidiomycetes and Microbotryomycetes were observed. These data provide direct evidence that fungal communities occur at record depths in deep sediments of the Canterbury basin and extend the depth limit of fungal presence and activity, respectively 1740 and 346 mbsf. As most of the fungal sequences retrieved have a cosmopolitan distribution, it indicates that fungi are able to adapt to the deep subseafloor conditions at record-depth and must play important ecological roles in biogeochemical cycles.
Quality indicators for prostate radiotherapy: Are patients disadvantaged by receiving treatment in a ‘generalist’ centre?
Authors: Freeman Amanda R , Roos Daniel E , Kim Laurence 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIntroductionThe purpose of this retrospective review was to evaluate concordance with evidence‐based quality indicator guidelines for prostate cancer patients treated radically in a ‘generalist’ (as distinct from ‘sub‐specialist’) centre. We were concerned that the quality of treatment may be lower in a generalist centre. If so, the findings could have relevance for many radiotherapy departments that treat prostate cancer.MethodsTwo hundred fifteen consecutive patients received external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and/or brachytherapy between 1.10.11 and 30.9.12. Treatment was deemed to be in line with evidence‐based guidelines if the dose was: (i) 73.8–81 Gy at 1.8–2.0 Gy/fraction for EBRT alone (eviQ guidelines); (ii) 40–50 Gy (EBRT) for EBRT plus high‐dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy boost (National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines); and (iii) 145 Gy for low dose rate (LDR) I‐125 monotherapy (NCCN). Additionally, EBRT beam energy should be ≥6 MV using three‐dimensional conformal RT (3D‐CRT) or intensity‐modulated RT (IMRT), and high‐risk patients should receive neo‐adjuvant androgen‐deprivation therapy (ADT) (eviQ/NCCN). Treatment of pelvic nodes was also assessed.ResultsOne hundred four high‐risk, 84 intermediate‐risk and 27 low‐risk patients (NCCN criteria) were managed by eight of nine radiation oncologists. Concordance with guideline doses was confirmed in: (i) 125 of 136 patients (92%) treated with EBRT alone; (ii) 32 of 34 patients (94%) treated with EBRT + HDR BRT boost; and (iii) 45 of 45 patients (100%) treated with LDR BRT alone. All EBRT patients were treated with ≥6 MV beams using 3D‐CRT (78%) or IMRT (22%). 84%, 21% and 0% of high‐risk, intermediate‐risk and low‐risk patients received ADT, respectively. Overall treatment modality choice (including ADT use and duration where assessable) was concordant with guidelines for 176/207 (85%) of patients.ConclusionThe vast majority of patients were treated concordant with evidence‐based guidelines suggesting that, within the limits of the selected criteria, prostate cancer patients are unlikely to be disadvantaged by receiving radiotherapy in this ‘generalist’ centre.
Phenological growth stages of Silybum marianum according to the extended BBCH scale
Authors: Martinelli T. , Andrzejewska J. , Salis M. , Sulas L. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSilybum marianum is a medicinal plant cultivated for silymarin production in central Europe and Asia. It is also considered a weed of both arable lands and pastures. Although S. marianum still exhibits traits that are typical of wild species; both its fruit and biomass productivity are remarkable. Therefore, the species is gaining interest as a potential novel commercial crop for multiple uses (i.e. medicinal plant, bioenergy, and vegetable oil production). Despite the intriguing characteristics of this plant and its economic importance, a detailed description of the phenological growth stages of S. marianum has never been developed. A precise and univocal description of the growth stages of this species will offer a useful tool for several agronomic and research activities, weed management practices and for further genetic improvement programmes. In the present manuscript, the description of the phenological development of S. marianum is proposed utilising the extended BBCH (Biologische Bundesantalt, Bundessortenamt and Chemische Industrie) scale. The phenological growth stages are described utilising both the 2‐ and 3‐digit BBCH coding system. Pictures of the most representative stages supplement the manuscript.
Detection, identification and differentiation of Pectobacterium and Dickeya species causing potato blackleg and tuber soft rot: a review
Authors: Czajkowski R. , Pérombelon M.C.M. , Jafra S. , Lojkowska E. , Potrykus M. , van der Wolf J.M. , Sledz W. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe soft rot Enterobacteriaceae (SRE) Pectobacterium and Dickeya species (formerly classified as pectinolytic Erwinia spp.) cause important diseases on potato and other arable and horticultural crops. They may affect the growing potato plant causing blackleg and are responsible for tuber soft rot in storage thereby reducing yield and quality. Efficient and cost‐effective detection and identification methods are essential to investigate the ecology and pathogenesis of the SRE as well as in seed certification programmes. The aim of this review was to collect all existing information on methods available for SRE detection. The review reports on the sampling and preparation of plant material for testing and on over thirty methods to detect, identify and differentiate the soft rot and blackleg causing bacteria to species and subspecies level. These include methods based on biochemical characters, serology, molecular techniques which rely on DNA sequence amplification as well as several less‐investigated ones.
Developmental ideotype in the context of the dual‐purpose use of triticale, barley and durum wheat
Authors: Giunta F. , Motzo R. , Fois G. , Bacciu P. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractPhenology strongly affects the performance of dual‐purpose (forage plus grain) cereals by defining the rate of leaf and tiller appearance, the duration of the pre‐grazing period and anthesis date. Here, the combined effect of genotypic and environmental variation conditions on anthesis date and the pre‐grazing period in durum wheat, triticale and barley was analysed to define a developmental ideotype for their dual‐purpose use. The extensive variation for the Haun stage reached at the time of apex emergence from the soil surface was associated with variation in the final leaf number, regardless of environment, species and cultivar. The timing of the terminal spikelet stage was the best predictor of apex emergence. The durum wheats tillered poorly, whereas the barleys and the triticales performed comparably in three of the four environments. In general, the higher the final leaf number, the higher the number of leaves and tillers produced by the time of apex emergence, the higher the number of leaves which emerges subsequently. The development of a high number of leaves both before and after apex emergence is advantageous, provided that anthesis is not overly delayed such that flowering and grain fill occur within a period where stressful conditions are likely to occur. Barley developed many leaves and had a low phyllochron, so was identified as the species with the development best suited for dual‐purpose cropping. However, the near simultaneous emergence of the first two tiller apices exposes it to a risk of grazing damage.
Phenological growth stages of jujube tree (Ziziphus jujube): codification and description according to the BBCH scale
Authors: Hernández Fca. , Legua P. , Melgarejo P. , Martínez R. , Martínez J.J. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe phenological growth stages of jujube tree are first described here using the BBCH scale. Based on this general scale, jujube phenology showed 8 of the 10 principal stages (0–9): bud, leaf and shoot development, inflorescence emergence, flowering, fruit development, fruit maturity and senescence. A schematic representation of the chronological progression of principal growth stages of jujube is also shown. The codification of the different growth stages is important for correct timing of general orchard management, particularly for disease and pest management. Besides, it will help farmers to efficiently schedule and manage jujube cultivation, as well as to improve knowledge dissemination among scientists around the World.
Hemodynamic Response to Exercise and Head‐Up Tilt of Patients Implanted With a Rotary Blood Pump: A Computational Modeling Study
Authors: Lim Einly , Salamonsen Robert Francis , Mansouri Mahdi , Gaddum Nicholas , Mason David Glen , Timms Daniel L. , Stevens Michael Charles , Fraser John , Akmeliawati Rini , Lovell Nigel Hamilton 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe present study investigates the response of implantable rotary blood pump (IRBP)‐assisted patients to exercise and head‐up tilt (HUT), as well as the effect of alterations in the model parameter values on this response, using validated numerical models. Furthermore, we comparatively evaluate the performance of a number of previously proposed physiologically responsive controllers, including constant speed, constant flow pulsatility index (PI), constant average pressure difference between the aorta and the left atrium, constant average differential pump pressure, constant ratio between mean pump flow and pump flow pulsatility (ratioPIor linearStarling‐like control), as well as constant left atrial pressurecontrol, with regard to their ability to increase cardiac output during exercise while maintaining circulatory stability uponHUT. Although native cardiac output increases automatically during exercise, increasing pump speed was able to further improve total cardiac output and reduce elevated filling pressures. At the same time, reduced venous return associated with upright posture was not shown to induce left ventricular (LV) suction. Althoughcontrol outperformed other control modes in its ability to increase cardiac output during exercise, it caused a fall in the mean arterial pressure uponHUT, which may cause postural hypotension or patient discomfort. To the contrary, maintaining constant average pressure difference between the aorta and the left atrium demonstrated superior performance in both exercise andHUTscenarios. Due to their strong dependence on the pump operating point,PIandratioPIcontrol performed poorly during exercise andHUT. Our simulation results also highlighted the importance of the baroreflex mechanism in determining the response of theIRBP‐assisted patients to exercise and postural changes, where desensitized reflex response attenuated the percentage increase in cardiac output during exercise and substantially reduced the arterial pressure uponHUT.
Hormonal contraceptive use and risk of glioma among younger women: a nationwide case–control study
Authors: Andersen Lene , Friis Søren , Hallas Jesper , Ravn Pernille , Kristensen Bjarne W. , Gaist David 
Published: October 2014

AimOral contraceptive use influences the risk for certain cancers. However, few studies have examined any link with risk of central nervous system tumours. We investigated the association between hormonal contraceptive use and glioma risk among premenopausal women in a population‐based setting.MethodsUsing national administrative and health registries in Denmark to conduct a nationwide case–control study, we identified all women ages 15 to 49 years with a first time diagnosis of histologically verified glioma between 2000 and 2009. Each case was age‐matched to eight population controls using risk set sampling. Based on prescription data, exposure until 2 years prior to the index date was categorized according to hormonal contraceptive type, i.e. combined oestrogen‐progestagen or progestagen only, and duration of use (<1, 1 to <5, ≥5 years). We used conditional logistic regression to compute odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for glioma associated with hormonal contraceptive use, adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsWe identified 317 cases and 2126 controls. Ever use of hormonal contraceptive was associated with an OR of 1.5 (95% CI 1.2, 2.0) and the OR increased with duration of use (long term, ≥5 years: OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.2, 2.9). The association between long term hormonal contraceptive use and glioma risk was most pronounced for progestagen only therapy (OR 2.4; 95% CI 1.1, 5.1), especially when this regimen constituted the sole hormonal contraceptive therapy (OR 4.1; 95% CI 0.8, 20.8).ConclusionLong term hormonal contraceptive use may increase the risk of glioma.
The 18 kDa Translocator Protein, Microglia and Neuroinflammation
Authors: Liu Guo‐Jun , Middleton Ryan J. , Hatty Claire R. , Kam Winnie Wai‐Ying , Chan Ronald , Pham Tien , Harrison‐Brown Meredith , Dodson Eoin , Veale Kelly , Banati Richard B. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO), previously known as the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor, is expressed in the injured brain. It has become known as an imaging marker of “neuroinflammation” indicating active disease, and is best interpreted as a nondiagnostic biomarker and disease staging tool that refers to histopathology rather than disease etiology. The therapeutic potential of TSPO as a drug target is mostly based on the understanding that it is an outer mitochondrial membrane protein required for the translocation of cholesterol, which thus regulates the rate of steroid synthesis. This pivotal role together with the evolutionary conservation of TSPO has underpinned the belief that any loss or mutation of TSPO should be associated with significant physiological deficits or be outright incompatible with life. However, against prediction, full Tspo knockout mice are viable and across their lifespan do not show the phenotype expected if cholesterol transport and steroid synthesis were significantly impaired. Thus, the “translocation” function of TSPO remains to be better substantiated. Here, we discuss the literature before and after the introduction of the new nomenclature for TSPO and review some of the newer findings. In light of the controversy surrounding the function of TSPO, we emphasize the continued importance of identifying compounds with confirmed selectivity and suggest that TSPO expression is analyzed within specific disease contexts rather than merely equated with the reified concept of “neuroinflammation.”
Explicit Theory of Mind Is Even More Unified Than Previously Assumed: Belief Ascription and Understanding Aspectuality Emerge Together in Development
Authors: Rakoczy Hannes , Bergfeld Delia , Schwarz Ina , Fizke Ella 
Published: October 2014

Existing evidence suggests that children, when they first pass standard theory‐of‐mind tasks, still fail to understand the essential aspectuality of beliefs and other propositional attitudes: such attitudes refer to objects only under specific aspects. Oedipus, for example, believes Yocaste (his mother) is beautiful, but this does not imply that he believes his mother is beautiful. In three experiments, 3‐ to 6‐year‐olds' (N = 119) understanding of aspectuality was tested with a novel, radically simplified task. In contrast to all previous findings, this task was as difficult as and highly correlated with a standard false belief task. This suggests that a conceptual capacity more unified than previously assumed emerges around ages 4–5, a full‐fledged metarepresentational scheme of propositional attitudes.