bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Palliative Surgery in Gynecologic Cancer Cases
Authors: Hope Joanie Mayer , Pothuri Bhavana 
Published: January 2013

abstract

CME Learning Objectives
Describe the range of palliative procedures utilized in gynecologic cancers. Evaluate the indications for palliative bowel surgery in ovarian cancer. Assess the clinical scenario for which palliative pelvic exenteration would be considered. Compare the morbidities associated with palliative gynecologic surgeries to the potential benefits gained.
The decision to undergo major palliative surgery in end-stage gynecologic cancer is made when severe disease symptoms significantly hinder quality of life. Malignant bowel obstruction, unremitting pelvic pain, fistula formation, tumor necrosis, pelvic sepsis, and chronic hemorrhage are among the reasons patients undergo palliative surgeries. This review discusses and summarizes the literature on surgical management of malignant bowel obstruction and palliative pelvic exenteration in gynecologic oncology.
First evidence of a bolosaurid parareptile in France (latest Carboniferous-earliest Permian of the Autun basin) and the spatiotemporal distribution of the Bolosauridae
Authors: Falconnet Jocelyn 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
A new species of Bolosauridae, Belebey augustodunensis, is described from fragmentary cranial material collected in the late Gzhelian-Asselian beds of the Autun basin, central France. Be. augustodunensis is one of the oldest bolosaurids and represents the first occurrence of the family in France. The dentition of this species is unique within Bolosauridae in exhibiting a progressive shift from a mesio– to a disto-lingual orientation of the tooth apex and lingual facet. Other features show that Be. augustodunensis belongs to the genus Belebey, although it lacks several specializations known in other species of the genus. A review of the valid bolosaurid taxa increases their stratigraphic and geographic distribution, in addition to the description of Be. augustodunensis. The distributions and diversification of Bolosauridae are briefly discussed.
A new vertebrate Lagerstätte from the Lower Permian of France (Franchesse, Massif Central): palaeoenvironmental implications for the Bourbon-l'Archambault basin
Authors: Steyer J.-Sébastien , Sanchez Sophie , Debriette Pierre J. , Valli Andrea M.F. , Escuille François , Pohl Burkhard , Dechambre Roger-Paul , Vacant Renaud , Spence Christopher , de Ploëg Gaël 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA new vertebrate locality from the Lower Permian (Cisuralian) of the Bourbon-l'Archambault basin (Massif Central, France) is reported and its associated flora and fauna preliminarily described. This locality corresponds to a mass mortality assemblage deposited in an aquatic environment. Interestingly, it has yielded hundreds of exceptionally well preserved seymouriamorph specimens, all referred to Discosauriscus austriacus. This exquisite assemblage corresponds to the first seymouriamorph Lagerstätte and the first record of D. austriacus outside the Boskovice basin in Czechia. It enlarges the geographical distribution of the species during the Early Permian, and has new palaeoenvironmental implications regarding the Palaeozoic Bourbon-l'Archambault basin.
A new glyptosaurine lizard from the earliest Eocene of Dormaal, Belgium
Authors: Sullivan Robert M. , Augé Marc , Wille Eric , Smith Richard 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
A new glyptosaurine lizard ?Placosaurus ragei, n. sp., is recognized as being distinct from Paraplacosauriops quercyi in having a lightly built dentary, incipient heterodont teeth, lower tooth count (19), and teeth that are more gracile compared to other European glyptosaurine lizards. ?Placosaurus ragei also differs from “Placosaurus” europaeus, which has a prominent homodont dentition and is more massive. A second specimen, an isolated, nearly complete parietal, partly covered with hexagonal and polygonal osteoderms, is referable to the European glyptosaurin Placosaurus and is provisionally referred to the species ?Placosaurus ragei. A third specimen, an incomplete right frontal fragment of an indeterminate “melanosaurin,” may represent a new taxon, or may be referable to the well-known Western European taxon Placosauriops.
Taxa pertaining to both tribes (Glyptosaurini and “Melanosaurini”) of glyptosaurine lizards have been recovered from the lower Eocene deposits of Dormaal, Belgium. Their apparent sudden appearance is interpreted as marking entry into western Europe. The Dormaal locality has been correlated to reference level MP7 and thus is considered to be of early Eocene age. Glyptosaurine lizards probably dispersed into western Europe, from North America, through the Greenland bridge during late Paleocene/early Eocene time.
Puppigerus camperi (Testudines: Cryptodira: Cheloniidae) from the Ypresian (Early Eocene) of Ouled Abdoun basin, Morocco
Authors: Tong Haiyan , Hirayama Ren , Tabouelle Jérôme 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
A well preserved skull of Puppigerus camperi (Testudines: Cryptodira: Cheloniidae) is reported from the Ypresian (Early Eocene) phosphate deposits of the Ouled Abdoun basin, Morocco. This discovery adds an additional element to the rich turtle assemblages hitherto known in the Ouled Abdoun basin, suggesting further close relationships with the Paleogene sea turtle fauna from northwestern Europe.
Presence of iguanid lizards in the European Oligocene Lazarus taxa and fossil abundance
Authors: Augé Marc , Pouit Daniel 
Published: January 2013

AbstractDuring the Eocene, iguanid lizards were a diverse and widespread group in Europe. Prior to this study, no iguanid was known in Europe after the Eocene-Oligocene boundary. Some specimens from the locality of Pech-du-Fraysse (late Oligocene, MP28, France, Phosphorites du Quercy) are described. They belong to the Iguanidae, more precisely to the genus Geiseltaliellus, demonstrating that iguanid lizards survived the Eocene-Oligocene extinctions in Europe, only to disappear in the aftermath, certainly during the latest Oligocene. Thus, Geiseltaliellus is recognized as a Lazarus taxa. Explanations pertaining to the Lazarus effect are examined.
Evaluation of Grass and Legume Species as Perennial Ground Covers in Corn Production
Authors: Flynn E. Scott , Moore Kenneth J. , Singer Jeremy W. , Lamkey Kendall R. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTCorn (Zea mays L.) stover has been identified as an important feedstock for biofuel production but its removal will likely increase soil erosion. To address this issue 35 species of grasses and legumes were evaluated as potential perennial ground covers (PGCs) in corn. Selection of species encompassed both C3 and C4 species with a wide range of developmental and morphological features. The objectives were to (i) identify species that could support a high level of corn production while requiring minimal management and (ii) identify morphological traits and growth habits of suitable entries as PGC. Over the 3‐yr study period species with slow growing and spreading habits were more conducive to corn production, even though these PGCs still caused an average 23% reduction in corn grain yield. Meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.), sheep fescue (Festuca ovina L.), Canada bluegrass (Poa compressa L.), fowl bluegrass (Poa palustris L.), and colonial bentgrass (Agrostis capillaris L.) were identified as suitable PGC species. These species were generally shorter and slower to spread into the corn rows compared with other, more aggressive species. Based on these observations an ideotype for future PGC species should be low growing, clump forming, and shade tolerant and have delayed green‐up in the spring.
Cold Temperature Episode at Seedling and Flowering Stages Reduces Growth and Yield Components in Sorghum
Authors: Maulana Frank , Tesso Tesfaye T. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTCold temperature is one of the major abiotic constraints to sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production in the United States. Though the effect on germination and establishment are well documented, the impact of the stress on adult plant traits is not known. The objectives of this study were to investigate the impact of cold temperature at two growth stages and identify genetic sources of tolerance for use in breeding programs. Three genotypes, Shan Qui Red (tolerant), SRN39 (susceptible), and Pioneer 84G62, were subjected to two temperature regimes, cold temperature [15°C (day) and 13°C (night)] and control temperature [25°C (day) and 23°C (night)], at seedling and flowering stages using growth chambers, and the stresses lasted 10 d. Another 136 accessions were evaluated in the field under cold and control temperatures imposed by varying planting dates. Data were collected on emergence, seedling growth parameters, phenology, and yield components. Early season cold stress reduced seedling vigor (3.4 vs. 1.2) and leaf chlorophyll content (28.83 vs. 36.59) and delayed flowering and maturity by 8 and 4 d, respectively, but had no effect on yield components and plant height. Stress at flowering stage delayed maturity by 9 d and significantly reduced all yield components. The effect of cold stress at seedling stage may not be critical to yield provided that emergence is not affected. Stress at flowering, however, may be detrimental and the effects seem irreversible.
Improving Stagonospora nodorum Resistance in Wheat: A Review
Authors: Francki Michael G. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTStagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB) is a significant fungal disease of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) caused by Stagonospora nodorum, in which reduced grain yield is caused when the pathogen infects flag leaves and glumes at the critical time of grain filling. Wheat breeding programs have made limited progress in improving resistance to SNB due to the underlying complexity of the pathogen, host resistance, and their interactions. There has been an increase in knowledge of components of host–pathogen interactions in the past five decades, including pathogen diversity, biological factors contributing toward pathogen infection, environmental conditions favoring disease progression, and the genetics of host resistance. This review captures major outcomes and assesses different approaches and methodologies for improving resistance to SNB. The review concludes by proposing strategies for deploying, selecting, and combining gene and trait combinations in genetic backgrounds and improving methods for evaluation and selection of SNB resistance in wheat breeding.
Microsporogenesis and Microgametogenesis of Male‐Sterile Mutant ms1 in Alfalfa
Authors: Wang Xiaojuan , Feng Guanghui , Deng Zhigang , Wang Wenbin , Jin Liang 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTThe use of male sterile lines is one of the ways to reduce the selfing rates and thus maximize heterosis in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). A spontaneous, stable male sterile mutant ms1 has been derived from M. sativa ‘Graze401’. In this paper, the microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis have been examined in ms1 and wild‐type plants under light and scanning electron microscopy. There were no significant differences of anther development between ms1 and the wild‐type plants until the end of the tetrad stage. The abortive development of anthers was initiated no later than the young microspore stage, as indicated by the appearance of large vacuoles in tapetal cells and the delayed tapetum degeneration leading to abortion of microsporogenesis. The shrunken shape and abnormal smooth surface of pollen walls in ms1 was observed, in which an incomplete exine formation on sterile microspores may indicate insufficient deposition of pollen kitt from the tapetal cells as well as microspores. Abnormalities of male meiosis in ms1 included lagged chromosomes, chromosome bridges, scattered chromosomes, micronuclei, and asynchronous chromosome segregations during meiosis II. We concluded that this new male sterile mutant is stable with normal stamen development but complete pollen abortion at a late stage of microsporogenesis.
Plant Mortality and Natural Selection May Increase Biomass Yield in Switchgrass Swards
Authors: Casler Michael D. , Smart Alexander J. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTSwitchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is an important candidate for bioenergy feedstock production, prompting significant efforts to increase the number of breeding programs and the output of those programs. The objective of this experiment was to determine the potential utility of natural selection for survivorship in switchgrass swards as a tool for improving efficiency of progeny‐test‐based recurrent selection programs in switchgrass. One hundred random surviving plants were selected from 5‐yr‐old plots of six cultivars grown at five locations. Progeny of each population were grown in a four‐location field experiment in Illinois and Wisconsin in direct comparison to their parent populations. On average, natural selection for survivorship increased biomass yield by 6.7%. The northernmost (i.e., coldest) selection location had the greatest response among the five locations (13.2%) while the most genetically diverse cultivar had the greatest response among the cultivars (23.5%). Results were highly variable among cultivars and selection locations, but there were no significant negative responses, suggesting that the genetic correlation between survivorship and biomass yield in switchgrass ranges from zero to some positive value. Selection for survivorship within switchgrass sward plots has the potential to improve efficiency of family‐based selection methods designed to improve biomass yieldpotential.
Effects of Verticillium dahliae Infection on Stem‐End Chip Defect Development in Potatoes
Authors: Wang Yi , Bethke Paul C. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTPotato chips are the most popular snack food in the United States with annual retail sales of over US$6 billion. Stem‐end chip defect, which is characterized by dark color of the vasculature and surrounding tissues at the tuber stem end portion of fried chips, is an important tuber quality concern for U.S. chip production. The cause of stem‐end chip defect is not known. Verticillium wilt, caused by a vascular fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae Kleb., is a persistent disease of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and other vegetables that causes early plant senescence and yield reductions. A 2‐yr field trial was conducted to investigate the effects of V. dahliae on stem‐end chip defect development and the activity of acid invertase at the apical (bud) and basal (stem) ends of tubers. Our results show that potato plants that were more infected with V. dahliae had a higher incidence of severe stem‐end chip defects than plants with less V. dahliae infection. Verticillium dahliae infection of plants was correlated with an upregulation of acid invertase activity and an accumulation of reducing sugars on the stem end of tubers. Reducing sugars give rise to dark‐colored defects as a result of pigments produced by the Maillard reaction during frying.
Strip Planting a Legume into Warm‐Season Grass Pasture: Defoliation Effects During the Year of Establishment
Authors: Castillo Miguel S. , Sollenberger Lynn E. , Blount Ann R. , Ferrell Jason A. , Williams Mary J. , Mackowiak Cheryl L. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTNovel approaches are needed for overcoming barriers to successful association of herbaceous legumes with grasses in warm‐climate pastures and to identify low‐cost, long‐term solutions to the problem of N limitation in low‐input systems. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate defoliation management options during the year of establishment when rhizoma peanut (RP) (Arachis glabrata Benth.) was strip planted into existing bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flüggé). Treatments were four defoliation strategies: (i) Control (no defoliation of the planted RP strip and adjacent bahiagrass harvested for hay), (ii) Hay Production (RP strip and adjacent bahiagrass harvested for hay every 28 d), (iii) Simulated Continuous Stocking (pastures grazed weekly), and (iv) Rotational Stocking (pastures grazed every 28 d). Simulated Continuous and Rotational Stocking reduced RP canopy cover and frequency of occurrence. Greatest RP cover during the establishment year was achieved in August with 32 and 29% for the Control and Hay Production treatments compared to 5 and 4% for Simulated Continuous and Rotational Stocking, respectively. Spread of RP was least in Simulated Continuous Stocking. Light penetration to the level of RP in the canopy was not a primary driver of RP response because it was greatest for grazed plots where RP performed poorest. Results show that defoliation management during the establishment year is critical and if pastures are defoliated, hay production is the recommended option.
Human Leukocyte/Endothelial Cell Interactions and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetic Patients and Their Association With Silent Myocardial Ischemia
Authors: Hernandez-Mijares Antonio , Rocha Milagros , Rovira-Llopis Susana , Bañuls Celia , Bellod Lorena , de Pablo Carmen , Alvarez Angeles , Roldan-Torres Ildefonso , Sola-Izquierdo Eva , Victor Victor M. 
Published: January 2013

OBJECTIVE
Diabetes is associated with oxidative stress and increased mortality, but a possible correlation between leukocyte-endothelium interactions, oxidative stress, and silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) is yet to be confirmed.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Mitochondrial dysfunction and interactions between leukocytes and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were evaluated in 200 type 2 diabetic patients (25 with SMI) and 60 body composition– and age-matched control subjects. A possible correlation between these parameters and the onset of SMI was explored, and anthropometric and metabolic parameters were also analyzed.

RESULTS
Waist, levels of triglycerides, proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α), HbA1c, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), glucose, and insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance were higher in diabetic patients than in control subjects. However, no statistical differences in hs-CRP and insulin levels were detected when the data were adjusted for waist. None of these parameters varied between SMI and non-SMI patients. Mitochondrial function was impaired and leukocyte-endothelium interactions were more frequent among diabetic patients, which was evident in the lower mitochondrial O2 consumption, membrane potential, polymorphonuclear cell rolling velocity, and GSH/GSSG ratio, and in the higher mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and rolling flux, adhesion, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin molecules observed in these subjects. Moreover, these differences correlated with SMI. Statistical differences were maintained after adjusting the data for BMI and waist, with the exception of VCAM-1 levels when adjusted for waist.

CONCLUSIONS
Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endothelium-inducing leukocyte-endothelium interactions are features of type 2 diabetes and correlate with SMI.
Interactions of Young Andalusian People inside Social Networks
Authors: Bernal-Bravo César , Angulo-Rasco Félix 
Published: January 2013

Several studies on youth and social networks have generally revealed extensive usage of these Internet services, widespread access from almost any location and the special importance that the youth attach to these services in building their social relations. This article presents part of the analyses and results from a research questionnaire on «Scenarios, digital technologies and youth in Andalusia», administered to a population of 1,487 youth between the ages of 13 and 19. The discussion on young Andalusians and social networks revolves around the structure and configuration of their profiles, intended uses and the privacy and security involved. The results reveal a population with nearly unlimited access to social networks and with very little adult monitoring; moreover, those connecting are younger than the legal minimum age defined by the Internet services themselves. The motivations of Andalusian youth for using social networks fall into three areas. The first two, social and psychological/affective motivations, are also commonly found in other studies; the third refers to the need to use social networks in matters concerning everyday life. This paper suggests certain new aspects in its conclusions in order to explain the nature and meaning of the practices of Andalusian youth in social networks.
Diversos estudios sobre jóvenes y redes sociales han demostrado, en general, el alto consumo de estos servicios de Internet, generalizándose su uso en casi todo tipo de ubicaciones y valorando su importancia en la construcción de las relaciones sociales entre la juventud. En este artículo se presenta parte de los análisis y resultados del cuestionario de la investigación sobre los «Escenarios, tecnologías digitales y juventud en Andalucía», administrada a una población de 1.487 jóvenes entre los 13 y 19. La discusión sobre jóvenes andaluces y redes sociales gira en torno a la es­tructura y configuración de sus perfiles, a las finalidades de uso, y a la privacidad y seguridad en las mismas. Los re­sultados destacados muestran una población con acceso a las redes sociales sin casi restricciones y con poco seguimiento adulto, y además las edades de acceso son menores de las legalmente definidas por los propios servicios de Internet. Las motivaciones de los jóvenes andaluces para el uso de las redes sociales se pueden agrupar en tres áreas; las dos primeras están presentes en otras investigaciones: motivación social y la psicológico-afectiva; y menos la tercera: la necesidad ligada a la vida cotidiana. Este trabajo aporta en sus conclusiones nuevos aspectos para explicar la naturaleza y los significados de las prácticas de los jóvenes andaluces con las redes sociales.