bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Honokiol relieves hippocampal neuronal damage in Alzheimer's disease by activating the SIRT3‐mediated mitochondrial autophagy
Authors: Li Haitao , Sun Jinmei , Wu Yili , Yang Yishu , Zhang Wei , Tian Yuanruhua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis work elucidated the effect of honokiol (HKL) on hippocampal neuronal mitochondrial function in Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsAPP/PS1 mice were used as AD mice models and exposed to HKL and 3‐TYP. Morris water maze experiment was performed to appraise cognitive performance of mice. Hippocampal Aβ+ plaque deposition and neuronal survival was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Nissl staining. Hippocampal neurons were dissociated from C57BL/6 mouse embryos. Hippocampal neuronal AD model was constructed by Aβ oligomers induction and treated with HKL, CsA and 3‐TYP. Neuronal viability and apoptosis were detected by cell counting kit‐8 assay and TUNEL staining. mRFP–eGFP–LC3 assay, MitoSOX Red, dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, and JC‐1 staining were performed to monitor neuronal autophagosomes, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), neuronal ROS, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Autophagy‐related proteins were detected by Western blot.ResultsIn AD mice, HKL improved cognitive function, relieved hippocampal Aβ1–42 plaque deposition, promoted hippocampal neuron survival, and activated hippocampal SIRT3 expression and mitochondrial autophagy. These effects of HKL on AD mice were abolished by 3‐TYP treatment. In hippocampal neuronal AD model, HKL increased neuronal activity, attenuated neuronal apoptosis and Aβ aggregation, activated SIRT3 and mitochondrial autophagy, reduced mitochondrial and neuronal ROS, and elevated mitochondrial membrane potential. CsA treatment and 3‐TYP treatment abrogated the protection of HKL on hippocampal neuronal AD model. The promotion of mitochondrial autophagy by HKL in hippocampal neuronal AD model was counteracted by 3‐TYP.ConclusionsHKL activates SIRT3‐mediated mitochondrial autophagy to mitigate hippocampal neuronal damage in AD. HKL may be effective in treating AD.
Clinico‐sero‐pathological profiles and risk prediction model of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) patients with different perifascicular changes
Authors: Zhang Lining , Fu Lijun , Zhang Guoyong , Hou Ying , Ma Xiaotian , Zhao Dandan , Li Wei , Dai Tingjun , Shu Qiang , Yan Chuanzhu , Zhao Bing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsTo explore the clinico‐sero‐pathological characteristics and risk prediction model of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) patients with different muscular perifascicular (PF) changes.MethodsIIM patients in our center were enrolled and the clinico‐sero‐pathological data were retrospectively analyzed. A decision tree model was established through machine learning.ResultsThere were 231 IIM patients enrolled, including 53 with perifascicular atrophy (PFA), 39 with perifascicular necrosis (PFN), and 26 with isolated perifascicular enhancement of MHC‐I/MHC‐II (PF‐MHCn). Clinically, PFA patients exhibited skin rashes and dermatomyositis‐specific antibodies (DM‐MSAs, 74.5%) except for anti‐Mi2. PFN patients showed the most severe muscle weakness, highest creatine kinase (CK), anti‐Mi2 (56.8%), and anti‐Jo‐1 (24.3%) antibodies. PF‐MHCn patients demonstrated negative MSAs (48.0%) and elevated CK. Histopathologically, MAC predominantly deposited on PF capillaries in PFA but on non‐necrotic myofiber in PFN (43.4% and 36.8%, p < 0.001). MxA expression was least in PF‐MHCn (36.0% vs. 83.0% vs. 63.2%, p < 0.001). The decision tree model could effectively predict different subgroups, especially PFA and PFN.ConclusionsThree types of PF change of IIMs representing distinct clinico‐serological characteristics and pathomechanism. Undiscovered MSAs should be explored especially in PF‐MHCn patients. The three pathological features could be accurately predicted through the decision tree model.
Increased opioid consumption in neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy for patients with non‐small‐cell lung cancer: A multicenter, prospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Kaiyuan , Er Jianxu , Zhang Yu , Song Chengcheng , Yu Yang , Gao Ruifang , Xu Hong , Dong Xiaolin , Yuan Limei , Liu Qiangwei , Han Jiange , Yu Yonghao , Yin Yiqing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsPD‐1 block was reported to impair opioid‐induced antinociception and affect cognitive function in rodents and non‐human primates. This prospective multicenter cohort study aims to investigate the possible impact of neoadjuvant immunotherapy with PD‐1 antibody on perioperative analgesic effect of opioids and postoperative delirium (POD) for non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.MethodsEighty‐four NSCLC patients from three medical centers with neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (nCIT) or chemotherapy (nCT) were enrolled. The primary outcome is the total perioperative opioid consumption defined as the sum of intraoperative and postoperative opioid use within 3 days after surgery. Secondary outcomes compromise of incidence of POD, pain intensity, and number of analgesic pump press. Tumor prognostic parameters and perioperative change of inflammatory cytokines and soluble PD‐L1 level were also recorded.ResultsEighty‐one patients were included in the final analysis. The total opioid consumption (sufentanil equivalent) perioperatively in the nCIT group was significantly higher than that in the nCT group, with mean difference of 60.39 μg, 95% CI (25.58–95.19), p < 0.001. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that nCIT was correlated with increased total opioid consumption (β = 0.305; 95% CI, 0.152–0.459; p < 0.001). The incidence of moderate‐to‐severe pain and cumulative analgesic pump press within 72 h was significantly higher in subjects with nCIT. There is no statistical difference in incidence of POD between groups within 72 h after surgery. The pathologic complete response rate and perioperative serum IL‐6 level were higher in the nCIT group than in the nCT group.ConclusionPatients with NSCLC receiving nCIT warrant increased opioid consumption perioperatively and suffered from more postoperative pain.Clinical Trial RegistrationNCT05273827.
Evaluation of the Effects of Optokinetic Stimuli and Dual‐Task Performance on Vestibulo‐Ocular Reflex Function in Children With Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Korkmaz Hanifi , Aydin Emine , Ocal Fatma Ceyda Akin , Satar Bulent 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis study investigated the effects of optokinetic stimuli and dual‐task performance on vestibulo‐ocular reflex (VOR) function. The study primarily focused on understanding the effects of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its subtypes.Study DesignA case–control study.SettingTertiary medical centre.MethodsThirty‐eight children diagnosed with ADHD and 40 typically developing (TD) children aged 8–18 were included in the study. According to their diagnostic reports, children diagnosed with ADHD were also examined in three subtypes: predominantly inattentive (ADHD‐PI), predominantly hyperactive–impulsive (ADHD‐HI) and the combined type. Functional head impulse test (fHIT) was applied to all participants in three conditions—with no additional stimulus, optokinetic stimulation and dual‐task. Correct responses (CR) were determined for each group, and the conditions were compared. For the dual‐task test performance, children were given a counting task.ResultsThe findings of the study are significant. The CR values obtained from the fHIT tests applied under three different conditions were lower in the ADHD group compared to the control group. CR values for all fHIT conditions and all semicircular canals were lower in the ADHD‐PI subtype and higher in the ADHD‐HI subtype compared to other subgroups.ConclusionThis study has significant practical implications underscoring its relevance. fHIT, when applied with different protocols, can provide valuable information about the vestibular and cognitive states of children with ADHD. These results are particularly significant as the diagnosis of ADHD often relies on subjective interpretations, and fHIT offers a more objective and reliable method of evaluation.
Shifting baselines clarify the impact of contemporary logging on forest‐dependent threatened species
Authors: Ward Michelle , Ashman Kita , Lindenmayer David B. , Legge Sarah , Kindler Gareth , Cadman Timothy , Fletcher Rachel , Whiterod Nick , Lintermans Mark , Zylstra Philip , Stewart Romola , Thomas Hannah , Blanch Stuart , Watson James E. M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDespite the importance of protecting forests and woodlands to achieve global climate and biodiversity goals, logging impacts persist worldwide. Forestry advocates often downplay these impacts but rarely consider the cumulative threat deforestation and degradation has had, and continues to have, on biodiversity. Using New South Wales (Australia) as a case study, we quantify the extent of deforestation and degradation from 1788 (pre‐European colonization) to 2021. We used historical loss as a baseline to evaluate recent logging (2000–2022) and the condition of the remaining native forest and woodland. Condition was quantified by measuring the similarity of a current ecosystem to a historical reference state with high ecological integrity. Using these data, we measured the impacts on 269 threatened terrestrial species. We show that possibly over half (29 million ha) of pre‐1788 native forest and woodland vegetation in NSW has been lost. Of the remaining 25 million ha, 9 million ha is estimated to be degraded. We found recent logging potentially impacted 150 species that had already been affected by this historical deforestation and degradation, but the impacts varied across species. Forty‐three species that were identified as impacted by historical deforestation and degradation and continue to be impacted by logging, now have ≤50% of their pre‐1788 extent remaining that is intact and nine species now have ≤30%. Our research contextualizes the impact of current logging against historical deforestation and highlights deficiencies in environmental assessments that ignore historical baselines. Future land management must consider both the extent and condition of remaining habitat based on pre‐1788 extents.
Export competition with China and firms' coping strategies
Authors: Nilsson Hakkala Katariina , Pan Yao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper analyses how intensified Chinese competition in export markets affects firms' coping strategies. Using a novel identification approach that exploits changes in China's product‐specific export policies across industries, we find that Chinese export competition reduces the aggregate value of product‐ and destination‐specific exports of Finland, primarily by putting a downward pressure on export prices. The firm‐level analysis using Finnish administrative data shows that firms undertake larger price cuts for homogeneous products than for differentiated export products. We analyse further export firms' coping strategies on product range margin, and find that firms drop their marginal products as the Chinese export competition intensifies. Our results highlight the increasing importance of competition with China for exporters from developed countries.
Factors Influencing Kidney Transplantation Experiences for Patients From Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Crawford Kimberley , Wilson Catherine , Mulley William R. , Toussaint Nigel D. , Kennedy Elaine , Andrew Narissa , Ward Andrea , Truong Mandy 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDisparities in aspects of chronic kidney disease progression and management exist for patients from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds, including with treatment and outcomes for kidney transplantation.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore factors that impact kidney transplant outcomes from the perspective of kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) from CALD backgrounds and their family caregivers.MethodsA descriptive qualitative design was utilised. Participants were recruited from two tertiary hospitals in Victoria, Australia. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with KTRs who were born overseas in countries where English is not the primary language. Interviews were also conducted with family caregivers. Analysis was guided by the Framework Method, and emergent subcategories were mapped into the categories identified in Andersen's Health Service Utilisation Model.ResultsData from 21 KTRs and five caregivers were grouped under the categories of Population Characteristics, Environment, Health Behaviour and Outcomes. KTRs believed that neither culture nor religious beliefs impacted how they managed their transplant or healthcare utilisation. KTRs expressed satisfaction with their care, felt no inequity with how they were treated by health professionals and expressed gratitude for the Australian healthcare system. Language did not necessarily impact transplant outcomes, but there was a reliance on interpreters for non‐English‐speaking patients as most written information was in English. Caregivers were instrumental in providing support but discussed the challenges involved.ConclusionThis study explored factors influencing kidney transplantation for KTRs from a CALD background. The study provided insight into how to deliver quality healthcare to these patients, highlighting the importance of health services providing information that is written in the patient's own language and respectively asking KTRs about their health beliefs or customs. Caregivers were instrumental in supporting KTRs, but there is a need to better prepare them for this role.Patient or Public ContributionPatient and public involvement was integrated into the design and delivery of the study. KTRs from CALD backgrounds assisted with framing the research questions and offering advice on the recruitment and data collection process.
The role of landscape factors in shaping bumble bee pathogen loads across regions of the eastern Nearctic
Authors: Gratton Elena M. , McNeil Darin J. , Sawyer Ren , Martinello Anna , Grozinger Christina M. , Hines Heather M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Pathogens and parasites are drivers of declines in bumble bees. Their levels can be influenced by numerous abiotic and biotic factors, thus managing disease in these bees requires understanding the relative impact of these factors on pathogen loads.
We evaluated loads of black queen cell virus (BQCV) and deformed wing virus in bumble bees (Bombus impatiens) and honey bees (Apis mellifera), and loads of parasites Vairimorpha bombi and Crithidia bombi in B. impatiens, from sites varying in habitat type and quality across North Carolina, USA. Pathogen loads were assessed against metrics for land cover, floral quality, bee diversity and weather. Results were compared against similar data from Pennsylvania, USA, and other landscape studies on bumble bees in North America.
Spatial variation in pathogen loads was lower in bumble bees in North Carolina than in Pennsylvania, which reduced the power to detect landscape effects. For example, Crithidia was fairly ubiquitous and Vairimorpha was not detected.
Data from both states revealed that developed land and honey bees were most consistently positively correlated with viral loads, especially for BQCV, whereas forest and nesting habitat availability were often negatively correlated with loads. Multivariate models only supported a positive relationship between summer floral resources and BQCV loads in North Carolina bumble bees.
Together with the broader literature, these data indicate that levels of developed land and honey bees are most associated with increased pathogen loads while floral availability and bee community composition show more context‐dependent effects.
Strength comparison for fully dense zirconium diboride ceramics tested by different methods
Authors: Kosanović Darko , Filipović Suzana , Trajković Isaak , Obradović Nina , Brune Paul M. , Hilmas Gregory E. , Fahrenholtz William G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe strength of zirconium diboride ceramics was tested by three different methods, 3‐point flexure, 4‐point flexure, and compression. Nearly full‐density ceramics were obtained by hot pressing commercial ZrB2 powder with the addition of .5 wt.% carbon as a sintering aid. The thermal properties and hardness were studied for ZrB2 milled with ZrB2 and WC media. Based on phase purity and higher thermal conductivity, ZrB2 ceramics prepared from powders milled with ZrB2 media were selected for mechanical property studies. The strength in 3‐point flexure was 546 ± 55 MPa. The flexure strength was 476 ± 41 MPa in 4‐point bending, which was ∼20% higher than the previously reported value of 398 MPa for ZrB2 with similar grain sizes due to higher relative density and lower impurity contents. Compression testing was performed at room temperature, and the strength was 1110 ± 358 MPa. Finally, the fracture toughness of pure ZrB2 ceramics was determined by the chevron‐notched beam method to be 3.6 ± .7 MPa m1/2. The strength and fracture toughness values are higher than those previously published for ZrB2 ceramics and can be attributed to higher density and lower grain size. The strength‐limiting flaw sizes were comparable to the grain size, suggesting that porosity and impurity phases did not play a significant role in the strength of these ceramics.
Predictors of survival in immunotherapy‐based treatments in advanced melanoma: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Daishi , Sun Yuming , Le Jiayuan , Dian Yating , Liu Yihuang , Zeng Furong , Deng Guangtong , Lei Shaorong , Su Juan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe introduction of immunotherapy‐based strategies has significantly improved the prognosis for melanoma patients. Nevertheless, some patients still have dismal outcomes, emphasizing the significance of survival predictive indicators in immunotherapy‐based approaches. We systematically searched randomized controlled clinical trials investigating dual immunotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy versus placebo or mono‐immunotherapy or chemotherapy alone in advanced melanoma patients. R version 4.3.0. was employed to perform all analyses. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on a total of 13,809 patients with advanced melanoma from 19 randomized clinical trials. Immunotherapy‐based strategies (alone or in combination) could significantly lengthen the overall survival(OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) compared with corresponding controls. Mono‐immunotherapy improved RFS and OS in PD‐L1 positive patients, in stage AJCC IIIC, and with 4 or more positive lymph nodes, compared with chemotherapy. Combined immunotherapy statistically improved RFS and OS in those aged < 65, with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) status of 0, and LDH ≤ ULN at baseline compared with single treatment alone. Our findings indicated that certain clinicopathological and molecular features could assist in choosing appropriate melanoma patients for immune‐based treatments.
The impact of meteorological factors on the incidence of infantile atopic dermatitis
Authors: Belugina Iryna , Yagovdik Nikolay , Belugina Olga , Belugin Sergei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe role of the climate regarding atopic dermatitis (AD) in infants is still unclear. This study aimed to determine the relationship between meteorological conditions and the incidence of early AD.MethodsThe study was conducted using a retrospective design. We analyzed children aged 0–24 months with clinically diagnosed AD (n = 603), including infantile eczema (IE, n = 292), in relation to the mean monthly meteorological data in Minsk. The Mantel–Haenszel method was used to study the association between an AD outcome and meteorological variables, stratifying by potential confounders. Seasons of birth were analyzed in children diagnosed with AD before 6 months of age (n = 567) and at 12 months of age (n = 350) from 2005 to 2019.ResultsThe incidence rate of IE was negatively associated with air temperature (adjusted incidence rate ratio = 0.75; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.59–0.94), precipitation (0.74; 95% CI 0.58–0.93), and positively associated with atmospheric pressure (1.31; 95% CI 1.04–1.66). The highest incidence rate of IE was during spring, and the lowest was during summer. Incidences of AD were less frequent among infants born in the spring (18.1% vs. 29.4%, P < 0.001) than among older children. The principal component analysis identified three meteorological combinations where the first one (warm, low humidity) was negatively associated with the incidence rate of AD among children aged 0–24 months (0.77; 95% CI 0.65–0.92), and the third one (rainy, low atmospheric pressure) with IE (0.70; 95% CI 0.54–0.90).ConclusionContinental seasonal cold‐humid weather may influence early AD incidence. Moreover, short‐term meteorological factors may play an important role in the onset of IE.
Repercussions of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HYY‐DB9 and Levilactobacillus brevis GIM 1.773 on the degradation of nitrite, volatile compounds, and sensory assessment of traditional Chinese paocai
Authors: Huang Yan‐yan , Huang Fang , Huang Jing‐yi , Liu Yan , Li Meng‐na , Yao Qing‐bo , Zeng Xin‐an , Chen Bo‐ru 
Published: August 2024

SummaryPaocai, as one of the most widely consumed traditional fermented foods in China, is dominated by lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which exert a significant influence on the dynamics of metabolites, microecological changes, and sensory quality. In this study, five different paocai groups were designed for fermentation using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HYY‐DB9 (LP), Levilactobacillus brevis GIM 1.773 (LB), a mixture of two LABs (LP + LB), pasteurisation (PST), and natural fermentation (NF). Nitrite content, pH, titratable acidity, viable cell counts (LAB and yeasts), metabolites (organic acids and volatile substances), and sensory evaluation were determined for each group. The results demonstrated that the mixed fermentation with two LABs (LP + LB) significantly reduced nitrite content. Organic acids produced by LAB played a crucial role in the degradation process, particularly lactic acid which exhibited the most pronounced effect on nitrite degradation. Furthermore, artificial inoculation of LAB fermentation resulted in improved taste and flavour of paocai along with increased production of alcohols, esters, and acids compared to traditional natural fermentation. These findings have important implications for enhancing paocai quality control and managing nitrite content while also providing an excellent fermentation agent for fermented paocai.
Investigation of synergistic effect and mechanism of green tea extract and coffee extract on α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase inhibition
Authors: Ni Jian , Zhou Xincheng , Ge Weiben , Chen Hongru , Wang Hongxin 
Published: August 2024

SummaryTo address the adverse effects of current hypoglycaemic drugs and the limited effect of individual extracts, this research investigated the inhibitory effect of combined green tea extract (GTE) and coffee (CE) on α‐amylase (α‐AMY) and α‐glucosidase (α‐GLU) and their inhibitory mechanisms. The inhibitory effects of single extracts and the complexes on α‐AMY and α‐GLU activities were compared by the principle of equivalence line. The results showed that the complexes had a good synergistic inhibition effect on both α‐AMY and α‐GLU at GTE: CE = 4:1 (w/w). Fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism spectroscopy indicated that the complexes of GTE: CE = 4:1 (w/w) altered the secondary and tertiary structures of α‐AMY and α‐GLU more than the individual extracts, resulting in a synergistic inhibitory effect. The orthogonal experiments showed that tea polyphenols (TP) and coffee polyphenols (CP) were the main components responsible for the synergistic inhibitory effect of the two extracts.