bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How I treat advanced classical Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Johnson Peter , McKenzie Hayley 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe development of curative systemic treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma was recently voted one of the top 5 achievements of oncology in the last 50 years (http://cancerprogress.net/top-5-advances-modern-oncology). The high expectation of cure (above 80%) with initial therapy, even for advanced disease, is tempered by the recognition of some important limitations: not all patients are cured, especially those in older age groups, and patients have suffered debilitating or, in some cases, fatal long-term side effects. The challenge for modern treatment approaches is to improve the cure rate and, at the same time, minimize the long-term damage resulting from treatment. After several decades during which we have tested a variety of different ways to combine conventional cytotoxic treatments with or without radiotherapy but have identified no effective new approaches, the field is once again moving forward. The developments that hold the greatest promise in this respect are the application of functional imaging with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) to make an early judgment of the success of treatment and the introduction of some highly active new agents such as antibody-drug conjugates.
Characterization of an autosomal dominant bleeding disorder caused by a thrombomodulin mutation
Authors: Dargaud Yesim , Scoazec Jean Yves , Wielders Simone J. H. , Trzeciak Christine , Hackeng Tilman M. , Négrier Claude , Hemker H. Coenraad , Lindhout Theo , Castoldi Elisabetta 
Published: January 2015

Key Points
The THBD c.1611C>A mutation (p.Cys537Stop) causes extremely high soluble thrombomodulin levels resulting in trauma-related bleeding. Soluble thrombomodulin acts by enhancing activated protein C generation and by impairing factor Va, factor VIIIa, and thrombin generation.
Investigation of Organoiron Catalysis in Kumada–Tamao–Corriu-Type Cross-Coupling Reaction Assisted by Solution-Phase X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Takaya Hikaru , Nakajima Sho , Nakagawa Naohisa , Isozaki Katsuhiro , Iwamoto Takahiro , Imayoshi Ryuji , Gower Nicholas J , Adak Laksmikanta , Hatakeyama Takuji , Honma Tetsuo , Takagaki Masafumi , Sunada Yusuke , Nagashima Hideo , Hashizume Daisuke , Takahashi Osamu , Nakamura Masaharu 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Solution-phase synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a powerful tool for structural and mechanistic investigations of paramagnetic organoiron intermediates in solution-phase reactions. For paramagnetic organotransition metal intermediates, difficulties are often encountered with conventional NMR- and EPR-based analyses. By using solution-phase XAS, we succeeded in identifying the organoiron species formed in the reaction of iron bisphosphine with mesitylmagnesium bromide, MesMgBr, and 1-bromodecane in a [FeX2(SciOPP)]-catalyzed Kumada–Tamao–Corriu (KTC)-type cross-coupling reaction. X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra showed that the resulting aryliron species possessed a divalent oxidation state. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) demonstrated that the solution-phase molecular geometries of these species are in satisfactory agreement with the crystallographic geometries of [FeIIBrMes(SciOPP)] and [FeIIMes2(SciOPP)]. By combining GC-quantitative analysis and solution-phase XAS, the cross-coupling reactivities of these aryliron species were successfully investigated in the reaction with 1-bromodecane under stoichiometric and catalytic conditions.
Optical and Flame-retardant Behavior of Polycarbonate Composites Containing Perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane-modified Silicate Microspheres
Authors: Tang Anjie , Ding Peng , Zhao Yu , Song Na , Shi Liyi 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
A facile method was carried out to obtain polycarbonate (PC) light-diffusion material with good optical and flame-retardant properties. The key procedure was the surface modification of silicate microspheres (SMSs) by 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (FTDS). By this way, only use one kind of filler could realize multifunction at small amount loadings and the obtained PC composites showed good antidripping performance.
Pyridazine-3,6-diol-annulated Tetrathiafulvalene: Self-assembly and Fiber Formation Triggered by Diamine Addition
Authors: Inoue Ryota , Hasegawa Masashi , Mazaki Yasuhiro 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Self-assembly and fibrous structure formation based on pyridazine-3,6-diol-annulated tetrathiafulvalene derivative were investigated. Although the molecules formed a trimeric assembly with complementary hydrogen bonds in solution, the addition of water produced micrometer fibrous structures. On the other hand, mixing of diamines (NH2–R–NH2) promoted reorganization of the self-assembly, and various nanoobjects were formed.
Congruence and joint space width alterations of the medial compartment following lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Zuiderbaan H. A. , Khamaisy S. , Thein R. , Nawabi D. H. , Pearle A. D. 
Published: January 2015

Progressive degenerative changes in the medial compartment of the knee following lateral unicompartmental arthroplasty (UKA) remains a leading indication for revision surgery. The purpose of this study is to evaluate changes in the congruence and joint space width (JSW) of the medial compartment following lateral UKA. The congruence of the medial compartment of 53 knees (24 men, 23 women, mean age 13.1 years; sd 62.1) following lateral UKA was evaluated pre-operatively and six weeks post-operatively, and compared with 41 normal knees (26 men, 15 women, mean age 33.7 years; sd 6.4), using an Interactive closest point algorithm which calculated the congruence index (CI) by performing a rigid transformation that best aligns the digitised tibial and femoral surfaces. Inner, middle and outer JSWs were measured by sub-dividing the medial compartment into four quarters on pre- and post-operative, weight bearing tunnel view radiographs. The mean CI of knees following lateral UKA significantly improved from 0.92 (sd 0.06) pre-operatively to 0.96 (sd 0.02) (p < 0.001) six weeks post-operatively. The mean CI of the healthy control group was 0.99 sd 0.01. Post-operatively, the mean inner JSW increased (p = 0.006) and the outer decreased (p = 0.002). The JSW was restored post-operatively as no significant differences were noted in all three locations compared with the control group (inner JSW p = 0.43; middle JSW p = 0.019, outer JSW p = 0.51). Our data suggest that a well conducted lateral UKA may improve the congruence and normalise the JSW of the medial compartment, potentially preventing progression of degenerative change. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:50–5.
Which patient characteristics influence length of hospital stay after primary total hip arthroplasty in a ‘fast-track’ setting?
Authors: den Hartog Y. M. , Mathijssen N. M. C. , Hannink G. , Vehmeijer S. B. W. 
Published: January 2015

After implementation of a ‘fast-track’ rehabilitation protocol in our hospital, mean length of hospital stay for primary total hip arthroplasty decreased from 4.6 to 2.9 nights for unselected patients. However, despite this reduction there was still a wide range across the patients’ hospital duration. The purpose of this study was to identify which specific patient characteristics influence length of stay after successful implementation of a ‘fast-track’ rehabilitation protocol. A total of 477 patients (317 female and 160 male, mean age 71.0 years; 39.3 to 92.6, mean BMI 27.0 kg/m2;18.8 to 45.2) who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty between 1 February 2011 and 31 January 2013, were included in this retrospective cohort study. A length of stay greater than the median was considered as an increased duration. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify potential factors associated with increased durations. Median length of stay was two nights (interquartile range 1), and the mean length of stay 2.9 nights (1 to 75). In all, 266 patients had a length of stay ≤ two nights. Age (odds ratio (OR) 2.46; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.72 to 3.51; p < 0.001), living situation (alone vs living together with cohabitants, OR 2.09; 95% CI 1.33 to 3.30; p = 0.002) and approach (anterior approach vs lateral, OR 0.29; 95% CI 0.19 to 0.46; p < 0.001) (posterolateral approach vs lateral, OR 0.24; 95% CI 0.10 to 0.55; p < 0.001) were factors that were significantly associated with increased length of stay in the multivariable logistic regression model.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:19–23.
Hemiarthroplasty using cemented or uncemented stems of proven design
Authors: Grammatopoulos G. , Wilson H. A. , Kendrick B. J. L. , Pulford E. C. , Lippett J. , Deakin M. , Andrade A. J. , Kambouroglou G. 
Published: January 2015

National Institute of Clinical Excellence guidelines state that cemented stems with an Orthopaedic Data Evaluation Panel (ODEP) rating of > 3B should be used for hemiarthroplasty when treating an intracapsular fracture of the femoral neck. These recommendations are based on studies in which most, if not all stems, did not hold such a rating. This case-control study compared the outcome of hemiarthroplasty using a cemented (Exeter) or uncemented (Corail) femoral stem. These are the two prostheses most commonly used in hip arthroplasty in the UK. Data were obtained from two centres; most patients had undergone hemiarthroplasty using a cemented Exeter stem (n = 292/412). Patients were matched for all factors that have been shown to influence mortality after an intracapsular fracture of the neck of the femur. Outcome measures included: complications, re-operations and mortality rates at two, seven, 30 and 365 days post-operatively. Comparable outcomes for the two stems were seen. There were more intra-operative complications in the uncemented group (13% vs 0%), but the cemented group had a greater mortality in the early post-operative period (n = 6). There was no overall difference in the rate of re-operation (5%) or death (365 days: 26%) between the two groups at any time post-operatively. This study therefore supports the use of both cemented and uncemented stems of proven design, with an ODEP rating of 10A, in patients with an intracapsular fracture of the neck of the femur. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:94–9.
Arthrofibrosis of the knee following a fracture of the tibial plateau
Authors: Haller J. M. , Holt D. C. , McFadden M. L. , Higgins T. F. , Kubiak E. N. 
Published: January 2015

The aim of this study was to report the incidence of arthrofibrosis of the knee and identify risk factors for its development following a fracture of the tibial plateau. We carried out a retrospective review of 186 patients (114 male, 72 female) with a fracture of the tibial plateau who underwent open reduction and internal fixation. Their mean age was 46.4 years (19 to 83) and the mean follow-up was16.0 months (6 to 80).A total of 27 patients (14.5%) developed arthrofibrosis requiring a further intervention. Using multivariate regression analysis, the use of a provisional external fixator (odds ratio (OR) 4.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26 to 17.7, p = 0.021) was significantly associated with the development of arthrofibrosis. Similarly, the use of a continuous passive movement (CPM) machine was associated with significantly less development of arthrofibrosis (OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.83, p = 0.024). The effect of time in an external fixator was found to be significant, with each extra day of external fixation increasing the odds of requiring manipulation under anaesthesia (MUA) or quadricepsplasty by 10% (OR = 1.10, p = 0.030). High-energy fracture, surgical approach, infection and use of tobacco were not associated with the development of arthrofibrosis. Patients with a successful MUA had significantly less time to MUA (mean 2.9 months; sd 1.25) than those with an unsuccessful MUA (mean 4.86 months; sd 2.61, p = 0.014). For those with limited movement, therefore, performing an MUA within three months of the injury may result in a better range of movement.Based our results, CPM following operative fixation for a fracture of the tibial plateau may reduce the risk of the development of arthrofibrosis, particularly in patients who also undergo prolonged provisional external fixation.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:109–14.
Early surgery for patients with a fracture of the hip decreases 30-day mortality
Authors: Bretherton C. P. , Parker M. J. 
Published: January 2015

There has been extensive discussion about the effect of delay to surgery on mortality in patients sustaining a fracture of the hip. Despite the low level of evidence provided by many studies, a consensus has been accepted that delay of > 48 hours is detrimental to survival. The aim of this prospective observational study was to determine if early surgery confers a survival benefit at 30 days. Between 1989 and 2013, data were prospectively collected on patients sustaining a fracture of the hip at Peterborough City Hospital. They were divided into groups according to the time interval between admission and surgery. These thresholds ranged from < 6 hours to between 49 and 72 hours. The outcome which was assessed was the 30-day mortality. Adjustment for confounders was performed using multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. In all, 6638 patients aged > 60 years were included. Worsening American Society of Anaesthesiologists grade (p < 0.001), increased age (p < 0.001) and extracapsular fracture (p < 0.019) increased the risk of 30-day mortality. Increasing mobility score (p = 0.014), mini mental test score (p < 0.001) and female gender (p = 0.014) improved survival. After adjusting for these confounders, surgery before 12 hours improved survival compared with surgery after 12 hours (p = 0.013). Beyond this the increasing delay to surgery did not significantly affect the 30-day mortality. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:104–8.
Revival of physostigmine – a novel HPLC assay for simultaneous determination of physostigmine and its metabolite eseroline designed for a pharmacokinetic study of septic patients
Authors: Pinder Nadine , Zimmermann Johannes B. , Hofer Stefan , Brenner Thorsten , Weigand Markus A. , Gubbe Ute , Hoppe-Tichy Torsten , Swoboda Stefanie 
Published: January 2015

AbstractPhysostigmine, commonly used as an antidote in anticholinergic poisoning, is reported to have additional pharmacological effects, such as activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in sepsis models. Due to the narrow therapeutic range of physostigmine and its metabolite eseroline, however, the plasma concentrations of these substances need to be determined so as to understand their effect and ensure safety in the treatment of septic patients.To determine physostigmine and its metabolite eseroline, a rapid and sensitive high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method has been developed and validated. Spiked plasma samples were cleaned up and concentrated using a simple liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) procedure with N-methylphysostigmine as internal standard. Separation was achieved using reversed-phase HPLC on a Kinetex C18 column with gradient elution and fluorescence detection (254 nm excitation/355 nm emission).LLE produced clean extracts and a mean recovery of 80.3% for eseroline and 84.9% for physostigmine. The HPLC assay revealed a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.025 ng/mL and a lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of 0.05 ng/mL for both analytes. Linearity was observed at 0.05–10.0 ng/mL (rThe presented method is useful for human drug level monitoring of physostigmine and eseroline in accordance with current guidelines. Remarkably low plasma concentrations can be quantified after LLE with gradient elution and fluorescence detection, making this a suitable method for pharmacokinetic studies in a clinical setting.
Influence of Different Wall Materials on the Microencapsulation of Virgin Coconut Oil by Spray Drying
Authors: Hee Yen Yi , Tan Chin Ping , Abdul Rahman Russly , Mohd Adzahan Noranizan , Lai Wee Ting , Chong Gun Hean 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the different wall material combinations on the microencapsulation of virgin coconut oil (VCO) by spray drying. Maltodextrin (MD) and sodium caseinate (SC) were used as the basic wall materials and mixed with gum Arabic (GA), whey protein concentrate (WPC) and gelatin (G). The stability, viscosity and droplet size of the feed emulsions were measured. MD:SC showed the best encapsulation efficiency (80.51%) and oxidative stability while MD:SC:GA presented the lowest encapsulation efficiency (62.93%) but better oxidative stability than the other two combinations. Microcapsules produced were sphere in shape with no apparent fissures and cracks, low moisture content (2.35–2.85%) and high bulk density (0.23–0.29 g/cm3). All the particles showed relatively low peroxide value (0.34–0.82 meq peroxide/kg of oil) and good oxidative stability during storage. MD:SC:GA microencapsulated VCO had the highest antioxidant activity in both of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (0.22 mmol butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA)/kg of oil) and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays (1.35 mmol trolox/kg of oil).
Mining Breast Cancer Classification Rules from Mammograms
Authors: Yeh Jinn-Yi , Chan Si-Wa , Wu Tai-Hsi 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBreast cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in women. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to reduce the mortality rate and increase patients’ lifespan. Mammography is effective in early detection. This study proposes a computer-aided diagnosis system based on the mini-Mammographic Image Analysis Society database for analyzing mammograms. After selecting the regions of interest, we computed three typical features: the shape, spatial, and spectral domain features. We then applied the structural equation model to obtain relations between the features and the breast tissue type, lesion class, and tumor severity after feature extraction by information gain. Finally, we used the decision tree and classification and regression tree to construct computer-aided diagnosis rules; we generated 10 rules for predicting the classification of abnormal lesions and 11 rules for classifying the tumor severity. These rules can help clinicians detect and identify breast cancer efficiency from mammograms and improve medical care quality.
Young adult literacy learners describe the text–orality nexus
Authors: Sligo Frank , Tilley Elspeth , Murray Niki , Comrie Margie 
Published: January 2015

AbstractResearch has described the importance of orality at work and in everyday life but little agreement currently exists on how to theorize modern orality. This study explores how young adult literacy learners thought about and employed their textual (print) literacy within the oral contexts of their lives. We interviewed 88 mainly unemployed young persons undertaking literacy training to assess how their literacy fitted within their everyday lives, exploring their learning, employment, motivation, persistence, barriers to learning, and power dynamics. Respondents saw their textual literacy as situated within a matrix of everyday interpersonal communication more than as stand-alone functional skills, describing how literacy integrates with oral-experiential lifeworlds such as at work. Empirical evidence was provided to support the recent work of scholars who are building theory in the text–orality nexus. This study provides insights into the oral world of people with liminal (threshold) textual literacy; since such individuals are necessarily more oral than literate in their everyday life experience, they provide unique insights into how their orality intersects with use of textual information.
Scl binds to primed enhancers in mesoderm to regulate hematopoietic and cardiac fate divergence
Authors: Org Tõnis , Duan Dan , Ferrari Roberto , Montel‐Hagen Amelie , Van Handel Ben , Kerényi Marc A , Sasidharan Rajkumar , Rubbi Liudmilla , Fujiwara Yuko , Pellegrini Matteo , Orkin Stuart H , Kurdistani Siavash K , Mikkola Hanna KA 
Published: January 2015

AbstractScl/Tal1 confers hemogenic competence and prevents ectopic cardiomyogenesis in embryonic endothelium by unknown mechanisms. We discovered that Scl binds to hematopoietic and cardiac enhancers that become epigenetically primed in multipotent cardiovascular mesoderm, to regulate the divergence of hematopoietic and cardiac lineages. Scl does not act as a pioneer factor but rather exploits a pre‐established epigenetic landscape. As the blood lineage emerges, Scl binding and active epigenetic modifications are sustained in hematopoietic enhancers, whereas cardiac enhancers are decommissioned by removal of active epigenetic marks. Our data suggest that, rather than recruiting corepressors to enhancers, Scl prevents ectopic cardiogenesis by occupying enhancers that cardiac factors, such as Gata4 and Hand1, use for gene activation. Although hematopoietic Gata factors bind with Scl to both activated and repressed genes, they are dispensable for cardiac repression, but necessary for activating genes that enable hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell development. These results suggest that a unique subset of enhancers in lineage‐specific genes that are accessible for regulators of opposing fates during the time of the fate decision provide a platform where the divergence of mutually exclusive fates is orchestrated.
Ciel, ma bibliothèque numérise des livres !
Authors: Marino Laure 
Published: January 2015

[bibliothèques] La révolution numérique est en marche dans les bibliothèques ! Les éditeurs s’inquiètent, les lecteurs se réjouissent... Dans l’arrêt Darmstadt, la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne se prononce sur la question de la numérisation des livres.
Du locataire au client, tournant néolibéral et participation dans la gestion des HLM
Authors: Demoulin Jeanne 
Published: January 2015

Cet article propose de considérer les dispositifs participatifs comme des traceurs de changement du tournant néolibéral qui caractérise le contexte sociopolitique européen à partir de la fin des années 1970. Un secteur d’activité spécifique est analysé dans cette optique : les organismes HLM, organes d’exécution de la politique du logement social français. L’article étudie la manière dont la mise en place de dispositifs participatifs accompagne le changement de référentiel des dirigeants de ces entités. Il est montré que ces dispositifs sont l’un des instruments au service de la conversion des organismes HLM en entreprises de service destinées à satisfaire des clients.
Éviter la conflictualité des opérations d'aménagement : un savoir-faire des équipes-projets ? Étude comparative de deux parcs solaires
Authors: Baggioni Vincent 
Published: January 2015

L’installation de parcs solaires en région PACA donne lieu à des réactions contrastées dans les territoires concernés, entre indifférences, soutiens et oppositions. Cependant, bien avant qu’un public puisse se constituer autour des conséquences de l’impact d’un projet, l’opérateur, le maire et ses élus mettent en œuvre des actions qui ont pour objectif d’empêcher sa contestation. Ces actions peuvent dépeindre cette équipe de promotion du projet comme un collectif d’acteurs en situation d’« enquête sociale » pour la non-émergence du projet comme problème public. La comparaison de deux communes aux projets et contextes comparables, mais aux dénouements opposés, permet ici d’observer les dispositifs normatifs d’instruction et de participation, mais aussi les ajustements plus informels que peuvent mettre en œuvre ces acteurs, et d’interroger l’effectivité de ces activités sur le contrôle des contestations. Les actions et inactions observées nous semblent ainsi relever des dispositions cognitives et sociales préalables pour penser le projet au sein de l’univers social local.