bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacterial attachment on poly[acrylonitrile-co-(2-methyl-2-propene-1-sulfonic acid)] surfaces
Authors: Landsberger Petra , Boenke Viola , Gorbushina Anna A. , Rodenacker Karsten , Pierce Benjamin F. , Kratz Karl , Lendlein Andreas 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTThe influence of material properties on bacterial attachment to surfaces needs to be understood when applying polymer-based biomaterials. Positively charged materials can kill adhered bacteria when the charge density is sufficiently high [1] but such materials initially increase the adherence of some bacteria such asEscherichia coli[2]. On the other hand, negatively charged materials have been shown to inhibit initial bacterial adhesion [3], but this effect has only been demonstrated in relatively few biomaterial classes and needs to be evaluated using additional systems. Gradients in surface charge can impact bacterial adhesion and this was tested in our experimental setup.Moreover, the evaluation of bacterial adhesion to biomaterials is required to assess their potential for biological applications. Here, we studied the bacterial adhesion ofE. coliandBacillus subtilison the surfaces of acrylonitrile-based copolymer samples with different amounts of 2-methyl-2-propene-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt (NaMAS) comonomer. The content related to NaMAS based repeating units nNaMASvaried in the range from 0.9 to 1.5 mol%.We found a reduced colonized area ofE. colifor NaMAS containing copolymers in comparison to pure PAN materials, whereby the bacterial colonization was similar for copolymers with different nNaMASamounts. A different adhesion behavior was obtained for the second tested organismB. subtilis, where the implementation of negative charges into PAN did not change the overall adhesion pattern. Furthermore, it was observed thatB. subtilisadhesion was significantly increased on copolymer samples that exhibited a more irregular surface roughness.
Quantification of Protein Adsorption on Polyglycerol-based Polymer Network Films
Authors: Ekinci Duygu , Sisson Adam L. , Lendlein Andreas 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTNeutral, hydrophilic, polymer-based architectures are widely investigated for a wide range of biomedical applications from drug-conjugates to delivery systems and scaffolds for regenerative therapies. In most cases, it is crucial that biomaterials provide a blank, inert background in order to hinder unspecific cell-material interactions so that protein mediated biological events leading to foreign body reactions are prevented. Hydrophilic polyglycerol-based polymer network films are a recently developed class of amorphous macroscopic materials, which offer great versatility in design and control of resultant properties. In this study, protein adsorption on polyglycerol-based polymer network films is investigated by using Micro BCA protein assay for three types of proteins having critical roles in the human body, and various copolymer networks with differing sidechains and crosslink densities.
Coffee Consumption and Periodontal Disease in Males
Authors: Ng Nathan , Kaye Elizabeth Krall , Garcia Raul I. 
Published: December 2013

Background: Coffee is a major dietary source of antioxidants as well as of other anti‐inflammatory factors. Given the beneficial role of such factors in periodontal disease, whether coffee intake is associated with periodontal disease in adult males was explored.Methods: Existing data collected by a prospective, closed‐panel cohort study of aging and oral health in adult males was used. Participants included the 1,152 dentate males in the Veterans Affairs (VA) Dental Longitudinal Study who presented for comprehensive medical and dental examinations from 1968 to 1998. Mean age at baseline was 48 years; males were followed for up to 30 years. Participants are not VA patients; rather, they receive their medical and dental care in the private sector. Periodontal status was assessed by probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing, and radiographic alveolar bone loss (ABL), measured on intraoral periapical radiographs with a modified Schei ruler method. Moderate‐to‐severe periodontal disease was defined as cumulative numbers of teeth exhibiting PD ≥4 mm or ABL ≥40%. Coffee intake was obtained from participant self‐reports using the Cornell Medical Index and food frequency questionnaires. Multivariate repeated‐measures generalized linear models estimated mean number of teeth with moderate‐to‐severe disease at each examination by coffee intake level.Results: It was found that higher coffee consumption was associated with a small but significant reduction in number of teeth with periodontal bone loss. No evidence was found that coffee consumption was harmful to periodontal health.Conclusion: Coffee consumption may be protective against periodontal bone loss in adult males.
L’institution du « spectateur-témoin »
Authors: Rollet Sylvie 
Published: December 2013

Réalisé en 2002, le film de Rithy Panh, en confrontant les anciens gardiens du centre de détention « S-21 » à deux de leurs victimes survivantes, déplace radicalement la question de la « représentation » du génocide : d’une part, le film ne vise pas à en faire l’histoire, mais à comprendre le processus de déshumanisation qui l’a rendu possible ; d’autre part, ce sont les tortionnaires qui témoignent, ici, de leur déshumanisation, symétrique de celle des victimes. Toutefois, « témoigner » suppose un écart qui constitue le sujet du témoignage comme « sujet », écart qui faisait et fait encore défaut aux gardiens. L’événement « irracontable » de la déshumanisation accède ainsi à la présence, après-coup, comme une « réminiscence » quasi involontaire, venue du corps même du témoin. C’est pourquoi l’on peut dire que c’est le film lui-même qui se fait « témoin » et non le bourreau. S-21, la machine de mort Khmère rouge définit ainsi les contours d’un possible « être-ensemble » en faisant du spectateur le contemporain et, par là même, le témoin-légataire de « l'événement sans témoin ».
Il était deux fois une petite fille de quinze ans
Authors: Berthet Frédérique 
Published: December 2013

Cet essai relie deux films (Chronique d’un été et La petite prairie aux bouleaux) mettant en scène un sujet déporté à Auschwitz II-Birkenau à 15 ans, Marceline Loridan-Ivens, née Rozenberg, selon des procédés cinématographiques et des contextes historiographiques distants de 42 ans (1961-2003). D’une histoire à l’autre, d’un film vers l’autre, d’une position de tiers à l’autre, l’étude se consacre aux formes contrastées mais parentes choisies pour figurer la mémoire. Un trajet est retracé, par lequel un tiers entre-deux isolé s’autonomise pour s’entourer de tiers de transfert, tout en construisant au passage des objets tiers, soit les tiers formels que sont les films. La proposition vise in fine à installer au coeur de l’étude des formes la question de savoir « quelle est la part la plus authentique de l’autre » dans ce qui fait témoignage au cinéma.
Les parcs nationaux du Nunavik et du territoire d’Eeyou Istchee–Baie-James
Authors: Hébert Alain 
Published: December 2013

La création et le développement de parcs nationaux demeurent avant tout des choix de société. Ceux-ci résultent de l’engagement plus ou moins important de la société dans la protection de l’environnement. De plus, les modalités de gestion des parcs et le niveau d’engagement obtenu par la société civile et les communautés locales sont le fruit d’un type de relation que l’État développe avec les acteurs non gouvernementaux. Depuis quelques années, la tendance mondiale est à une intégration de plus en plus importante des acteurs locaux dans la gouvernance des aires protégées. Dans le cas des communautés autochtones, les différentes instances internationales, notamment au Canada et au Québec, des décisions juridiques, des conventions internationales, des ententes et des lois, telles que la Convention de la Baie-James, rendent cette dévolution du pouvoir obligatoire jusqu’à un certain point. Cet article propose une analyse du cas de la création des parcs nationaux du nord du Québec. Il s’agit de voir comment cette évolution de la gouvernance permet à la fois aux collectivités autochtones de s’approprier la gouvernance afin d’agir sur leur mode de vie, mais aussi comment celle-ci s’inscrit dans un processus mondial plus large qui favorise la création de « parcs habités ». Cet article se base sur une analyse documentaire et sur l’expérience de l’auteur au sein du processus de création des parcs du nord du Québec.
Patrimonialisation des territoires en milieu nordique et gouvernance
Authors: Bibaud Julie 
Published: December 2013

Cet article présente une analyse des consultations publiques qui ont eu lieu dans deux villages inuits et un village cri dans le cadre de la création du parc national Tursujuq, au Nunavik. L’importance accordée à l’esthétisme, à la qualité écologique de la nature, à l’historicité de l’occupation territoriale ainsi qu’à la transmission des savoirs constitue un lieu pour le développement d’actions répondant à des problématiques qui dépassent celles associées au développement touristique. En effet, la forte mobilisation locale autour de valeurs patrimoniales nous amène à considérer le patrimoine comme un espace de négociation de la gouvernance de la transformation des aménagements et des usages du territoire.
Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Japanese Peacekeepers Deployed in South Sudan
Authors: Kitano Masato , Giltay Erik J. , Saito Taku , van der Does Florentine H. S. , Chiba Toshinori , Vermetten Eric , Edo Naoki , Waki Fumiko , Koga Minori , Toda Hiroyuki , van der Wee Nic J. , Nagamine Masanori 
Published: July 2024

ImportancePeacekeepers in United Nations missions experience potentially traumatic events, resulting in increased risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Understanding the course and risk factors of PTSD symptom severity is crucial to ensure personnel safety.ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence of PTSD, symptom severity trajectories, and potential risk factors associated with adverse trajectories among Japanese peacekeepers deployed in South Sudan.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsData for this 6-year prospective cohort study were collected from December 2011 to December 2018 from Japan Ground Self-Defense Force personnel deployed at the United Nations Mission in South Sudan, corresponding to before and up to 78 months after deployment. Of 3799 potential participants, 80 were excluded because of multiple deployments and 757 because of missing data, incomplete responses, or not providing informed consent. Therefore, 2962 participants were included in the analysis. Data analysis was performed from February 2022 to February 2024.ExposureThe participants were deployed to United Nations Mission in South Sudan for 6 months.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe 22-item Impact of Event Scale–Revised was used to assess PTSD symptoms, with 25 or more points indicating probable PTSD (p-PTSD). Sociodemographic data were collected, and the 30-item General Health Questionnaire was administered before deployment to identify risk factors for PTSD symptom severity.ResultsIn the 2962 participants studied (2901 [97.9%] male; mean [SD] age, 33.9 [7.2] years), the incidence of p-PTSD was 3.95%. Latent growth mixture models identified 4 symptom severity trajectories: resilient (2143 [72.3%]), recovery (479 [16.2%]), protracted (182 [6.1%]), and delayed (158 [5.3%]). Multinomial logistic regression showed that sleep disturbance was a common risk factor for the 2 most severe trajectories (protracted: odds ratio [OR], 1.29; 95% CI, 1.08-1.54; delayed: OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.03-1.53), whereas older age (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.06-1.48), anxiety and dysphoria (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.20-1.75), and general illness (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.06-1.59) were associated with the protracted trajectory.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study found that approximately 4% of the participants developed p-PTSD and identified 4 distinct PTSD symptom trajectories. The findings suggest that addressing sleep disturbance and general health issues could effectively prevent PTSD symptoms among peacekeepers.
Event triggering fixed time secondary control of DC microgrid considering FDI attacks
Authors: Wu Zhongqiang , Geng Shaochen , Xie Zongkui 
Published: July 2024

SummaryAiming at the problem that distributed secondary control is vulnerable to FDI attacks in DC microgrid, which affects the stability of the system, and the problems of communication redundancy and energy loss in traditional distributed secondary control, an event triggered fixed time distributed secondary control scheme based on high‐order differentiator is proposed. The high‐order differentiator is used to estimate the FDI attack signal of the system. Then, using the estimated attack signal, a fixed time distributed secondary controller based on event triggering is designed to eliminate the impact of the attack signal, and realize the adjustment of bus voltage and accurate power distribution. The strict stability and the absence of Zeno behavior are proved. The simulation results show that the proposed control strategy can significantly reduce the impact of attacks on the system, and the event triggered fixed time control reduces the energy consumption of the system and the update numbers of the controller, making the system have better dynamic performance.
Advancements in Optoelectronics: Harnessing the Potential of 2D Violet Phosphorus
Authors: Ahmad Waqas , Abbas Aumber , Younis Umer , Zhang Jinying , Aleithan Shrouq H. , Wang Zhiming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecently, 2D violet phosphorus (VP), a new kind of allotrope of phosphorus has attained significant attention owing to its remarkable electronic, optical, and magnetic characteristics. Tunable, large direct bandgap, high charge carrier mobility, and large optical absorption make it a potential candidate for realizing photoelectronic applications. VP demonstrates unique electronic structure, chemical stability, strong light‐matter interaction, and thermal stability that can be utilized for assembling intelligent photoelectronic devices. This review article provides comprehensive investigations of the latest synthesis techniques employed to develop the VP including its structural characterizations, stability, and degradation mechanisms. Furthermore, this review demonstrates the diverse applications of VP in optoelectronics, including photodetectors, polarization detection, imaging systems, neuromorphic optoelectronic devices, and many others. Finally, challenges and future research directions associated with the VP in terms of optoelectronics are discussed. Overall, as presented, the review offers an extensive study of VP, covering its synthesis, structural insights mechanisms, and applications in optoelectronics with the aim of stimulating further research and development in this growing field.
Chemically Defined Organoid Culture System for Cholangiocyte Differentiation
Authors: Wang Zhenguo , Ye Shicheng , van der Laan Luc J.W. , Schneeberger Kerstin , Masereeuw Rosalinde , Spee Bart 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCholangiocyte organoids provide a powerful platform for applications ranging from in vitro modeling to tissue engineering for regenerative medicine. However, their expansion and differentiation are typically conducted in animal‐derived hydrogels, which impede the full maturation of organoids into functional cholangiocytes. In addition, these hydrogels are poorly defined and complex, limiting the clinical applicability of organoids. In this study, a novel medium composition combined with synthetic polyisocyanopeptide (PIC) hydrogels to enhance the maturation of intrahepatic cholangiocyte organoids (ICOs) into functional cholangiocytes is utilized. ICOs cultured in the presence of sodium butyrate and valproic acid, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, and a Notch signaling activator, respectively, in PIC hydrogel exhibit a more mature phenotype, as evidenced by increased expression of key cholangiocyte markers, crucial for biliary function. Notably, mature cholangiocyte organoids in PIC hydrogel display apical‐out polarity, in contrast to the traditional basal‐out polarization of ICOs cultured in Matrigel. Moreover, these mature cholangiocyte organoids effectively model the biliary pro‐fibrotic response induced by transforming growth factor beta. Taken together, an animal‐free, chemically defined culture system that promotes the ICOs into mature cholangiocytes with apical‐out polarity, facilitating regenerative medicine applications and in vitro studies that require access to the apical membrane, is developed.
Light‐Driven Multidirectional Bending in Artificial Muscles
Authors: Madani Zahra , Silva Pedro E. S. , Baniasadi Hossein , Vaara Maija , Das Susobhan , Arias Juan Camilo , Seppälä Jukka , Sun Zhipei , Vapaavuori Jaana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUsing light to drive polymer actuators can enable spatially selective complex motions, offering a wealth of opportunities for wireless control of soft robotics and active textiles. Here, the integration of photothermal components is reported into shape memory polymer actuators. The fabricated twist‐coiled artificial muscles show on‐command multidirectional bending, which can be controlled by both the illumination intensity, as well as the chirality, of the prepared artificial muscles. Importantly, the direction in which these artificial muscles bend does not depend on intrinsic material characteristics. Instead, this directionality is achieved by localized untwisting of the actuator, driven by selective irradiation. The reaction times of this bending system are significantly – at least two orders of magnitude – faster than heliotropic biological systems, with a response time up to one second. The programmability of the artificial muscles is further demonstrated for selective, reversible, and sustained actuation when integrated in butterfly‐shaped textiles, along with the capacity to autonomously orient toward a light source. This functionality is maintained even on a rotating platform, with angular velocities of 6°/s, independent of the rotation direction. These attributes collectively represent a breakthrough in the field of artificial muscles, intended to adaptive shape‐changing soft systems and biomimetic technologies.
Enhancing Ultrasound Power Transfer: Efficiency, Acoustics, and Future Directions
Authors: Zheng Yi , Zhang Zhuomin , Zhang Yanhu , Pan Qiqi , Yan Xiaodong , Li Xuemu , Yang Zhengbao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractImplantable medical devices (IMDs), like pacemakers regulating heart rhythm or deep brain stimulators treating neurological disorders, revolutionize healthcare. However, limited battery life necessitates frequent surgeries for replacements. Ultrasound power transfer (UPT) emerges as a promising solution for sustainable IMD operation. Current research prioritizes implantable materials, with less emphasis on sound field analysis and maximizing energy transfer during wireless power delivery. This review addresses this gap. A comprehensive analysis of UPT technology, examining cutting‐edge system designs, particularly in power supply and efficiency is provided. The review critically examines existing efficiency models, summarizing the key parameters influencing energy transmission in UPT systems. For the first time, an energy flow diagram of a general UPT system is proposed to offer insights into the overall functioning. Additionally, the review explores the development stages of UPT technology, showcasing representative designs and applications. The remaining challenges, future directions, and exciting opportunities associated with UPT are discussed. By highlighting the importance of sustainable IMDs with advanced functions like biosensing and closed‐loop drug delivery, as well as UPT's potential, this review aims to inspire further research and advancements in this promising field.
Unraveling Thermal Depolarization Phenomena in Biphasic Polarized Calcium Phosphate Catalyst
Authors: Arnau Marc , Sans Jordi , Tamarit Josep Lluis , Romanini Michela , Turon Pau , Alemán Carlos 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPermanently polarized biphasic calcium phosphate composed of hydroxyapatite and brushite (pp‐HAp/Bru), which is prepared by applying the thermally stimulated polarization treatment to calcined HAp, is used as a sustainable catalyst to transform CO2 into value‐added products. In this work, the stability of pp‐HAp/Bru is studied from structural, electrical, and catalytic perspectives, applying a thermal depolarization process with temperatures (Td) ranging from 200 to 1000 °C. Results show that the Bru phase is not stable when Td ≤ 400 °C, while the structure of the HAp refines and transforms into Bru when Td ≥ 600 °C. Besides, the electrical resistance and capacitance of the pp‐HAp/Bru increase with Td, evidencing the progressive electrical depolarization of the material. Thermal depolarization also influences the specific orientation of the OH– ions, which is partially lost (≈50%). All such changes affect the catalytic efficiency of pp‐HAp/Bru, which is proven using a reaction that transforms CO2 gas into acetic acid and formic acid. Results show that the total reaction yield linearly decreases with increasing Td. Based on such observations, a simple process is designed that allows the reconstitution of the structure and restores the activity of such green catalysts.
Portable Flexible Spherical Origami Joule‐Heaters with Aerogel
Authors: Chan Yee Him Timothy , Zhong Haosong , Xu Yang , Lin Jing , Chen Siyu , Yang Rongliang , Li Mitch Guijun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTrending portable smart devices are providing great convenience to the daily life. Thermal conductivity is efficient for contact heat transfer. Unfortunately, existing rigid surfaces can hardly heat objects in arbitrary shapes. Herein, a flexible origami‐structure heater fabricated by scalable laser manufacturing with temperature feedback control is proposed. The thin film origami heater is designed as a pair of semispherical origami patterns, which can conform to the curved surface of food samples more effectively. Therefore, the heat conducting area is increased to generate a fast and even heating profile to the surface of the food samples. The outer aerogel provides high thermal insulation to prevent heat dissipation in the environment. As proof of concept, the heating device can cook quail eggs within 3 minutes at a constant temperature of 100 °C. The power consumption of this heater is as low as 18 W, which standard portable chargers can power. This work significantly promotes the usability of portable heaters for cooking spherical objects, providing more conveniences during outdoor hiking and even in outer space where water‐boiling is impossible without atmosphere and gravity.