bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vastus Lateralis Transfer for Severe Hip Abductor Deficiency: A Salvage Procedure
Authors: Wang Kemble , Cole Stacey , White Dean C. , Armstrong Michael S. 
Published: April 2014

Introduction Abductor muscle deficiency can be a debilitating problem following hip arthroplasty surgery. We report outcomes of a novel method of abductor muscle function reconstruction surgery in patients with chronic, irreparable gluteus medius and minimus defects Patients and Methods Four consecutive patients who underwent our method of abductor reconstruction surgery were retrospectively reviewed. All patients had severe pain and positive Trendelenberg gait before surgery. Technique: the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle was raised on its neurovascular pedicle and transferred 12-14 centimetres by proximal translation. The proximal portion of VL was reattached via bony anchors to the external surface of the iliac wing just below the iliac crest. The distal portion of VL reattached to the lateral femoral shaft, lateral intermuscular septum, and the fascia of vastus intermedius. Results Average follow-up was 10 months (range 7-15 months). Three of the four patients report dramatic improvement in pain as measured by the visual analogue pain scale. The same three patients report being “extremely satisfied” with the pain relief achieved and “extremely satisfied” with the operation overall. Two patients reported being “extremely satisfied” with improvements in walking. Hip abduction power improved in all patients but to varying degrees. conclusion The results show that our method of VL transfer may be a viable option for patients with severe abductor deficiency. Modest but clinically relevant early results are seen.
A Multidisciplinary Enhanced Recovery Programme Allows Discharge within Two days of Total Hip Replacement; Three- to Five-Year Results of 100 Patients
Authors: Dawson-Bowling Sebastian J. , Jha Shilpa , Chettiar Krissen K. , East Debra J. , Gould Gerard C. , Apthorp Hugh D. 
Published: April 2014

We present three- to five- year results of 100 sequential patients undergoing total hip replacement (THR) through a multidisciplinary rapid recovery programme, with mean length of stay (LOS) 1.99 nights. Patients attend pre-admission ‘bone school’, with talks and assessments by the senior sister, physiotherapist and occupational therapist. All receive an uncemented Corail-Pinnacle THR via piriformis-sparing mini-posterior approach. ‘Low dose’ spinal plus light general anaesthesia provides sensory block whilst retaining motor function; painfree mobilisation is predictably achieved within four hours. Following radiograph and haemoglobin check next morning, patients are discharged on meeting specific nursing/physiotherapy criteria. Those within 20 miles receive outreach follow-up. Follow-up assessment is undertaken using SF36, Visual Analogue, Merle d'Aubigné-Postel and Oxford Hip Scores. Mean age was 65 years (25-91), mean BMI 28.7 (19-43). ASA ranged 1-3 (mode 2), Charlson comorbidity index from 0-9 (mode 3). Major complications were: one dislocation with deep infection; one myocardial infarction; one trochanteric bursitis requiring exploration; one ceramic fracture; and three metal debris reactions. Several more minor complications occurred. LOS was longer in older patients (p = 0.03) and those with higher Charlson index (p = 0.02). Eighty-two patients remain under follow-up, (mean 37.8 months, range 36-61). Six have died; five underwent revision; seven have moved away or been lost. Ninety-seven percent remain quite or very satisfied. Our LOS is amongst the shortest in the United Kingdom, with encouraging outcomes. The SSP succeeds by involving all team-members, and managing patient expectation. At a time of limited healthcare resources we propose that our SSP could readily be reproduced elsewhere with similar benefits.
Josephus, Antiquities 10.180–82, Jeremiah, and Nebuchadnezzar
Authors: Tyson Craig W. 
Published: April 2014

Scholars have long pointed to Josephus, Ant. 10.180–182 as evidence that Nebuchadnezzar campaigned in the Levant in his twenty-third year (582 B.C.E.), but have not determined the viability of this passage as a historical source. Extant Greek sources do not provide the details visible in Josephus’ text and it is thus unlikely that they were his source. The details of the campaign are, however, available from Jeremiah or by inference from it. As such, the study argues that Ant. 10.180–182 is not an independent historical source of information for a campaign of Nebuchadnezzar in 582 B.C.E.
La victimisation, une norme dans la vie des jeunes au Québec ?
Authors: Cyr1 Katie , Clément Marie-Ève , Chamberland Claire 
Published: April 2014

Cette étude documente différentes formes de victimisation vécues par les jeunes Québécois au cours de leur vie. Le Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ – questionnaire de victimisation juvénile) a été employé lors d’une enquête téléphonique aléatoire parmi les ménages québécois. L’échantillon comprend 1 400 adolescents âgés de 12 à 17 ans et 1 401 parents d’enfants de 2 à 11 ans ayant révélé les expériences de victimisation des jeunes. Les résultats démontrent que la majorité des jeunes (75 %) ont vécu au moins une forme de victimisation directe ou indirecte au cours de leur vie. Parmi les victimes, la majorité (71 %) ont vécu plus d’une forme de victimisation et plus d’un quart des jeunes de l’échantillon (27 %) ont subi au moins quatre types de victimisation distincts au cours de leur vie. Afin d’intervenir adéquatement auprès des jeunes victimisés de manière chronique et de répondre à leurs besoins multiples, les intervenants oeuvrant auprès des jeunes devraient s’enquérir de leur exposition possible à de multiples formes de victimisation. Il est essentiel de documenter l’évolution de la victimisation et de la polyvictimisation chez les jeunes de manière systématique afin de suivre l’évolution des tendances et l’impact des politiques publiques et des programmes d’intervention visant à lutter contre ce phénomène.
La polyvictimisation comme facteur de risque de revictimisation sexuelle12
Authors: Finkelhor3 David , Shattuck Anne , Turner Heather , Hamby Sherry 
Published: April 2014

L’objectif était de tester l’hypothèse selon laquelle une exposition générale à la victimisation, ou victimisation multiple, expliquerait une conclusion de recherche fréquente : la victimisation sexuelle accroît le risque de victimisation sexuelle ultérieure. L’étude utilise les données de deux phases de la National Survey of Children’s Exposure to Violence (NatSCEV), menées en 2008 et en 2010. La NatSCEV est une enquête téléphonique auprès d’un échantillon représentatif d’enfants des États-Unis dont les ménages ont été sélectionnés par une composition aléatoire des numéros de téléphone. La présente analyse porte sur les 1186 enfants qui ont participé aux deux phases et qui étaient âgés de 10 à 17 ans lors de la Phase 1. Le nombre total de victimisations à la Phase 1 constituait la meilleure variable prédictive de la victimisation sexuelle à la Phase 2. À la Phase 1, la victimisation sexuelle n’apportait aucune contribution indépendante lorsque d’autres victimisations non sexuelles étaient incluses dans la prédiction. Les recherches futures sur la prédiction de la victimisation sexuelle et sur la récidive de la victimisation sexuelle devront également inclure et contrôler un large éventail d’autres victimisations non sexuelles.
Victimisation et polyvictimisation dans un échantillon d’adolescents espagnols patients ambulatoires123
Authors: Pereda4 Noemí , Abad Judit , Guilera Georgina 
Published: April 2014

On observe dans plusieurs pays une forte prévalence des victimisations interpersonnelles chez les enfants et les adolescents. En Espagne, surtout parmi les groupes à risque, les études n’ont pas réussi à obtenir des profils complets de victimisation dans les échantillons provenant de la communauté. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif de l’étude est de présenter des statistiques sur la portée, la nature et les tendances de la victimisation chez des adolescents espagnols patients ambulatoires. L’échantillon est composé de 148 adolescents en soins psychologiques. Un large éventail d’expériences de victimisation ont été évaluées en utilisant le Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire. Un pourcentage élevé de participants ont rapporté une certaine forme de victimisation interpersonnelle au cours de l’année précédente (84,5 %), la plus fréquente étant celle dles délits communs (62,8 %). Les filles présentent un pourcentage plus élevé de victimisation en ligne que les garçons (22,1 % et 7,5 %). De plus, la polyvictimisation a été observée chez une proportion importante d’adolescents (29 %). L’identification des polyvictimes en milieu clinique est une nécessité sociale car ces enfants et adolescents ont besoin d’interventions adaptées afin d’aider à prévenir de nouvelles expériences de victimisation et le développement de problèmes psychologiques.
Transmitted drug resistance to rilpivirine among antiretroviral‐naïve patients living with HIV from northern Poland
Authors: Parczewski Miłosz , Urbańska Anna , Maciejewska Katarzyna , Witak‐Jȩdra Magdalena , Leszczyszyn‐Pynka Magdalena 
Published: April 2014

IntroductionRilpivirine (RPV) is a second‐generation non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) that was recently approved for the treatment of antiretroviral‐naïve individuals with HIV‐1 viral load of <100,000 copies/ml. As transmission of the drug resistance mutations to this NNRTI may affect treatment outcomes, the frequency of primary, RPV‐associated drug resistance mutations was assessed in this study.MethodsFor the study, 244 viral genome sequences from antiretroviral‐naïve individuals were obtained by bulk sequencing. RPV‐associated mutations were divided into RPV resistance mutations (K101E/P, E138A/G/K/Q/R, V179L, Y181C/I/V, Y188L, H221Y, F227C and M230I/L) according to the International AIDS Society‐USA (IAS‐USA) mutation list and variants potentially affecting RPV susceptibility (L100I, K101H/T, E138S, V179F/D/G/T, G190A/E/S, F227L and M230V) based on the in vitro and in vivo data.ResultsIAS‐USA RPV drug resistance mutations were found in 5.3% sequences, with E138A and E138G being the most common (3.7 and 0.8%, respectively), followed by K101E (0.4%) and Y181C (0.4%), with no significant differences in the frequency between subtype B and non‐B clades. Mutations potentially reducing RPV susceptibility were found in 2.5% of sequences, and they included V179D (1.6%) and G190A (0.8%), with equal distribution among non‐B (n=2, 2.5%) and subtype B (n=4, 2.5%) clades. Clustering of RPV mutations was infrequent.ConclusionsPrevalence of RPV‐associated drug resistance mutations was low in the analysed sample and did not vary across the subtypes. The frequency of variants with potential influence on RPV susceptibility was similar among non‐B variants if compared to B clades. Transmitted drug resistance to RPV is uncommon, which makes this a good option for the treatment of ARV‐naïve patients; however, genotype resistance testing should remain compulsory before starting an RPV‐based regimen.
Geochemical evidence for active tropical serpentinization in the Santa Elena Ophiolite, Costa Rica: An analog of a humid early Earth?
Authors: Sánchez‐Murillo Ricardo , Gazel Esteban , Schwarzenbach Esther M. , Crespo‐Medina Melitza , Schrenk Matthew O. , Boll Jan , Gill Ben C. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractSerpentinization is a planetary process that has important consequences on geochemical cycles, supporting microbial activity through the formation of H2 and CH4 and having the potential to sequester atmospheric CO2. We present geochemical evidence of active serpentinization in the Santa Elena Ophiolite, Costa Rica which is sustained by peridotites with a degree of serpentinization less than 50% with no evidence of an internal heat source. Average spring water temperatures are 29.1°C. Two hyperalkaline spring systems were discovered, with a spring fluid pH up to 11.18. The fluids are characterized by low Mg (1.0–5.9 mg/L) and K (1.0–5.5 mg/L) and relative high Ca (29–167 mg/L), Na (16–27 mg/L), Cl (26–29 mg/L), hydroxide (41–63 mg/L), and carbonate (31–49 mg/L). Active CH4 (24.3% v/v) vents coupled with carbonate deposits (
;
) also provide evidence for active serpentinization and carbonation. Isotope ratios of the alkaline fluids (δ18O = −7.9‰, δ2H = −51.4‰) and groundwater (δ18O = −7.6‰; δ2H = −48.0‰) suggests that, during base flow recession, springs are fed by groundwater circulation. Methanogenic Archaea, which comprises a relatively high percentage of the 16S rRNA gene tag sequences, suggests that biological methanogenesis may play a significant role in the system. Santa Elena's extreme varying weather results in a scenario that could be of significant importance for (a) improving the knowledge of conditions on a humid early Earth or Mars that had periodic changes in water supply, (b) revealing new insights on serpentinizing solute transport, and (c) modeling hydrogeochemical responses as a function of recharge.
On the origin and evolution of electrical signals during frictional stick slip in sheared granular material
Authors: Leeman J. R. , Scuderi M. M. , Marone C. , Saffer D. M. , Shinbrot T. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractElectromagnetic signals have been reported in association with geophysical phenomena including earthquakes, landslides, and volcanic events. Mechanisms that suggested to explain seismoelectrical signals include triboelectricity, piezoelectricity, streaming potentials, and the migration of electron holes, yet the origin of such phenomena remains poorly understood. We present results from laboratory experiments regarding the relationship between electrical and mechanical signals for frictional stick‐slip events in sheared soda‐lime glass bead layers. The results are interpreted in the context of lattice defect migration and granular force chain mechanics. During stick‐slip events, we observe two distinct behaviors delineated by the attainment of a frictional stick‐slip steady state. During initial shear loading, layers charge during stick‐slip events and the potential of the system rises. After steady state stick‐slip behavior is attained, the system begins to discharge. Coseismic signals are characterized by potential drops superimposed on a longer‐term trend. We suggest that the observed signal is a convolution of two effects: charging of the forcing blocks and signals associated with the stress state of the material. The long‐term charging of the blocks is accomplished by grain boundary movement during the initial establishment of force chain networks. Short‐term signals associated with stick‐slip events may originate from produced electron holes. Applied to tectonic faults, our results suggest that electrical signals generated during frictional failure may provide a way to monitor stress and the onset of earthquake rupture. Potential changes could produce detectable signals that may forecast the early stages of failure, providing a modest warning of the event.
Dynamics of the Mount Nyiragongo lava lake
Authors: Burgi P.‐Y. , Darrah T. H. , Tedesco D. , Eymold W. K. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe permanent and presently rising lava lake at Mount Nyiragongo constitutes a major potential geological hazard to the inhabitants of the Virunga volcanic region in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Rwanda. Based on two field campaigns in June 2010 and 2011, we estimate the lava lake level from the southeastern crater rim (~400 m diameter) and lava lake area (~46,550 m2), which constrains, respectively, the lava lake volume (~9 × 106 m3) and volume flow rate needed to keep the magma in a molten state (0.6 to 3.5 m3 s−1). A bidirectional magma flow model, which includes the characterization of the conduit diameter and funnel‐shaped lava lake geometry, is developed to constrain the amount of magma intruded/emplaced within the magmatic chamber and rift‐related structures that extend between Mount Nyiragongo's volcanic center and the city of Goma, DRC, since Mount Nyiragongo's last eruption (17 January 2002). Besides matching field data of the lava lake level covering the period 1977 to 2002, numerical solutions of the model indicate that by 2022, 20 years after the January 2002 eruption, between 300 and 1700 × 106 m3 (0.3 to 1.7 km3) of magma could have intruded/emplaced underneath the edifice, and the lava lake volume could exceed 15 × 106 m3.
Synthesis and spectroelectrochemistry of dithieno(3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d)pyrrole derivatives
Authors: Udum Yasemin Arslan , Yıldız Hüseyin Bekir , Azak Hacer , Sahin Elif , Talaz Oktay , Çırpan Ali , Toppare Levent 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTNew π‐conjugated polymers containing dithieno(3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d)pyrrole (DTP) were successfully synthesized via electropolymerization. The effect of structural differences on the electrochemical and optoelectronic properties of the 4‐[4H‐dithieno(3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d)pyrrol‐4‐yl]aniline (DTP–aryl–NH2), 10‐[4H‐dithiyeno(3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d)pirol‐4‐il]dekan‐1‐amine (DTP–alkyl–NH2), and 1,10‐bis[4H‐dithieno(3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d)pyrrol‐4‐yl] decane (DTP–alkyl–DTP) were investigated. The corresponding polymers were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, NMR (1H‐NMR and 13C‐NMR), and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. Changes in the electronic nature of the functional groups led to variations in the electrochemical properties of the π‐conjugated systems. The electroactive polymer films revealed redox couples and exhibited electrochromic behavior. The replacement of the DTP–alkyl–DTP unit with DTP–aryl–NH2 and DTP–alkyl–NH2 resulted in a lower oxidation potential. Both the poly(10‐(4H‐Dithiyeno[3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]pirol‐4‐il)dekan‐1‐amin) (poly(DTP–alkyl–NH2)) and poly(1,10‐bis(4H‐dithieno[3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]pyrrol‐4‐yl) decane) (poly(DTP–alkyl–DTP)) films showed multicolor electrochromism and also fast switching times (<1 s) in the visible and near infrared regions. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40701.
Preparation and characterizations of superparamagnetic iron oxide‐embedded poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) nanocarriers
Authors: Gupta Meher Kanta , Bajpai Jaya , Bajpai Anil Kumar 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTThe present study aims at formulating a novel multifunctional biocompatible superparamagnetic nanoparticles carrier system with homogeneously dispersed magnetic material in solid polymer matrix of poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA). The nanocomposites were designed by modified suspension polymerization of 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate followed by in situ coprecipitation of iron oxide inside the nanoparticle matrix yielding magnetic PHEMA (mPHEMA) nanocomposites. The so prepared nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction technique, Raman spectroscopy, electron diffraction, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy confirming the presence of Fe3O4 inside the PHEMA nanoparticles. The magnetization studies of nanocomposites conducted at room temperature using vibrating sample magnetometer suggested for their superparamagnetic nature having saturation magnetization (Ms) of 20 emu/g at applied magnetic field of 5 kOe. Transmission electron microscopy, field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering/zeta potential measurements were also performed which revealed that size of mPHEMA nanocomposites was lying in the range of 60–300 nm having zeta potential of −93 mV. The nanocomposites showed no toxicity as revealed by cytotoxicity test performed on L‐929 fibroblast by extract method. The results indicated that the prepared superparamagnetic mPHEMA nanocomposites have enormous potential to provide a possible option for magnetically assisted targeted delivery of anticancer drugs. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40791.
The Impact of Climate Change on the Pattern of Demand for Bottled Water and Non‐Alcoholic Beverages
Authors: Mirasgedis S. , Georgopoulou E. , Sarafidis Y. , Papagiannaki K. , Lalas D. P. 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTTo date, the majority of the research literature on the impacts of climate change has addressed the negative aspect, i.e. the risks associated with a future permanent modification of climate. Potential opportunities have received much less attention and are rarely transformed into monetary values. Furthermore, manufacturing is one of the economic sectors where the influence of climate change remains practically unknown, although the economic performance of some industrial activities depends directly on climatic conditions – bottled water and non‐alcoholic beverages (i.e. soft drinks and fruit juices) are among these. This paper aims to explore the link between weather and product sales in these sectors, and estimate in quantitative terms the potential impact of future climate change on their revenues. Historic data were explored through statistical analysis and appropriate regression models were developed. Models were applied for the historic (1961–90) and future climate (2021–50) and the difference in sales forms the expected quantified impact of climate change. The results indicate that significant opportunities may arise for some sectors from modifications in climate, provided their production infrastructure can meet the expected demand and their management strategies can successfully adapt to altered climatic conditions. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Government Engagement, Environmental Policy, and Environmental Performance: Evidence from the Most Polluting Chinese Listed Firms
Authors: Chang Li , Li Wenjing , Lu Xiaoyan 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThis study empirically examines the implementation of environmental policies and how government engagement impacts on a firm's environmental performance based on a sample of Chinese listed firms in the eight most polluting industries over a 10‐year period. The findings of the study demonstrate that government engagement, measured as ownership structure, is positively correlated with environmental performance, measured by environmental capital expenditure, for state‐owned firms, but no significant relation is found for non‐state‐owned firms. In addition, non‐state‐owned firms are more likely to perform better in terms of environmental investment after the 2006 enactment of a new policy explicitly linking environmental issues with political incentives to regional governments. This study also reports that corporate environmental performance impairs firm value for state‐owned firms but has no impact on firm value for non‐state‐owned firms, suggesting that investors negatively respond to environmental investments made by state‐owned firms as a result of government engagement/political pressure. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.