bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgery for nasal obstruction in inferior turbinate hypertrophy
Authors: Saulescu Mihai , Sarafoleanu Codrut 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In the international literature, there is no consensus on patient selection for turbinate surgery. Surgery is usually indicated to the patients on the basis of subjective complaint of nasal obstruction and surgeon´s clinical examination. Although most surgical techniques demonstrate a subjective and objective improvement in postoperative nasal airflow and subjective scores, it is hard to say which technique is best suited for treating inferior turbinate enlargement. Inferior turbinate reduction for nasal obstructive symptoms caused by enlarged turbinates is a useful procedure and is reserved for patients who are not responding to medical treatment or in whom the medical management is contraindicated.
Endoscopic approach of sinonasal inverted papilloma – our 15 years’ experience on 162 cases
Authors: Budu Vlad , Schnaider Alexandra , Bulescu Ioan 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
BACKGROUND. Inverted papilloma is a benign tumor of the nose and sinuses, with a high risk of recurrence and malignant degeneration. The inverted papilloma is a slow growing tumor that can be approached through an endoscopic or external approach, depending on its stage.
OBJECTIVE. The aims of the study are to identify the particularities of diagnosis of the inverted papilloma, to establish the correct steps in surgical treatment of this tumor and to open the access for other steps of treatment.
MATERIAL AND METHODS. The authors present their experience in managing the sinonasal inverted papilloma in a 15-year retrospective clinical study, which included 162 patients. The preoperative protocol consisted in clinical examination, nasal endoscopy, radiologic imaging (CT scan) and biopsy with histopathology results and immunohistochemistry findings. Surgical removal of the inverted papilloma was performed by endoscopic techniques, according to the stage of the tumor. We were interested in the recurrence rate of the tumor and its malignancy after a long-term follow-up.
RESULTS. In our series, we included 162 patients and we had 26 (16.04%) recurrences and 12 (7.40%) malignant degenerations. All our patients were diagnosed in Krouse stages I, II and III and underwent endoscopic resection of the tumor.
CONCLUSION. In order not to have any leftover tumor (the most important factor of recurrence and malignant transformation), it is mandatory to have a complete diagnosis of the inverted papilloma, a precise surgical technique and a rigorous followup. In some cases, the surgical treatment is associated with other type of treatment (antiviral, antiangiogenetic).
Polypropylene meshes and other alloplastic implants for soft tissue and cartilage nasal reconstructive surgery – a literature review
Authors: Ionita Sabina , Popescu Serban , Lascar Ioan 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
BACKGROUND. The reconstructive surgery is a domain in continuous research for new techniques and alloplastic materials for replacement of complex defects. Different biomaterials are used in soft tissue reconstruction including polypropylene meshes covered with collagen, which have the best results in abdominal and pelvic surgery, but are not yet used in nasal surgery.
MATERIAL AND METHODS. We analysed the studies from the literature regarding the different alloplastic implants used in nasal reconstruction surgery, their benefits and contraindications for nasal defects.
RESULTS. The most used polymers are Silicone, Medpor®, Mersilene® and polypropylene. Silicone is no longer widely used in facial reconstructive surgery because of its many complications. Medpor® (high-density polyethylene) is used for reconstruction of the facial skeleton and for aesthetic contour enhancement, including nasal reconstruction. Mersilene® (polyethylene terephthalate) is used for dorsum nasal defect reconstruction. Gore-Tex® is used for soft-tissue augmentation in the nose and is not recommended as a structural graft. Polypropylene meshes (Marlex®) are widely used in abdominal and chest wall reconstructive surgeries, with few studies on using them in nasal cartilage reconstruction.
CONCLUSION. Nasal reconstructive surgery is a difficult part of plastic surgery than can cause many problems to the surgeon, the need for soft tissue and cartilage reconstruction are difficult to solve in a repeatedly operated nose with few autogenous graft options and complex reconstructive surgeries, especially in posttraumatic defects and revision rhinoplasties. There are many alloplastic implants that can be used with excellent results.
Physical Activity Interventions in Middle School and High School Girls A Review
Authors: Larson Jessyka N. , Hannon James C. , Brusseau Timothy A. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This review examined 62 studies that focused on adolescent females’ physical activity and gender differences in physical activity levels among adolescents. Approximately 15% of female adolescents are obese and only 35% are meeting the recommendation of 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity per day declining to 3% once females reach high school. Identifying factors that influence physical activity among adolescent females has led to successful interventions.
Bishop Callistus I. of Rome (217?−222?): A Martyr or a Confessor?
Authors: Handl András 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Doubtlessly, Callistus, Bishop of Rome (217?−222?), was added to the list of honored martyrs of the City of Rome (Depositio martyrum). But whether or not he actually was martyred, as the Acta Callisti suggest, is controversially debated. The author of the Refutatio omnium haeresium (Elenchos), an opponent of the bishop, does not at all refer to his death. He does mention, however, that Callistus was sentenced to the mines of Sardinia. After his return, Bishop Victor (189?−199?), and implicitly the author as well, acknowledges him as a confessor. Because the terminology is not definite at this point in time, the confessor Callistus is described as a martyr and added to the list of martyrs after his death. The missing narrative of his violent death that is implicated by the title martyr is invented by the Acta. The efforts to underscore the reliability of the Acta through the similarly novelesque Historia Augusta are unconvincing. Therefore the Acta are of no importance for the determination of the facts about the life and death of Bishop Callistus. However, they provide insights on the development of the tradition of Callistus in Trastevere, the Catacombs of Calepodius as well as the topography of Rome at the end of the 5th century.
Morning salutationes and the Decline of Sympotic Eucharists in the Third Century
Authors: Leonhard Clemens 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In late antiquity and the middle ages, many expositors compare the liturgy of the Eucharist (or the mass/the Divine Liturgy) with the accounts of Jesus’ Last supper claiming continuity and identity for a tradition in whose early phases diversity and change were abound. This essay departs from five issues regarding aspects of change between the early Christian sympotic celebrations of the Eucharist and the state of affairs in the middle ages: first, the quantity and quality of food to be consumed; second, the combined (as against separate) blessing or consecration of bread and wine; third, the timing of the celebration in the afternoon and evening versus the early morning; fourth, its compulsory combination with a liturgy of the word that is, moreover, performed preceding the Eucharist and not following the meal as it would be customary in ancient Greece and Rome; fifth, the later reservation of the presidency to clerics of the church. At least these five aspects of change in Eucharistic celebrations can be explained with recourse to the Roman custom of patrons receiving their clients almost every morning in the framework of the morning salutatio. Thus, it is indicated how the churches of Carthage moved from Eucharistic celebrations in the style of dinner parties and communal meals towards distributions of gifts to clients at a meeting with their bishop as patron of the church. This thesis explains why the loss of prandial Eucharists began long before Constantine. It explains when and why Christian churches in the Roman Empire abandoned a celebration that lent itself to the spontaneous interpretation as a mimetic celebration of the Last Supper thus creating the need to emphasize-eventually as part of the ritual itself in the form of the recitation of institution narratives-that the Eucharist is still the same, although it lost most of its mimetic allusions to its alleged pattern in the first century. The gradual adoption of the social institution of the morning salutatio also explains the parallel existence of different forms of Eucharistic celebrations: Its adoption and adaptation is an answer to the growth of the churches in certain places which could remain unimportant for others.
Composite Properties from Instrumented Load Tests on Mini-Piers Reinforced With Geotextiles
Authors: Iwamoto Melia K. , Ooi Phillip S. K. , Adams Michael T. , Nicks Jennifer E. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Four pairs of large-scale instrumented geosynthetic reinforced soil (GRS) square columns were load tested to study the effects of varying reinforcement strength to spacing ratio, to discern the lateral pressures during construction and during load testing, and to derive shear strength parameters of the GRS composite. Each pair was identical in every respect, except one was loaded with a dry-stacked concrete masonry unit (CMU) facing in place and the other without. Lateral pressures during construction were found to be small for the facing type used in this study. Also, based on the derived GRS composite shear strength parameters, it was found that (1) the GRS composite Mohr–Coulomb envelopes are not parallel to those for the unreinforced soil; (2) the reinforcement increased the composite cohesion compared to the unreinforced soil (cohesion increases with decreasing spacing and increasing reinforcement strength); (3) the composite friction angle is less than that of the unreinforced soil (friction angle increases with decreasing reinforcement strength and increasing spacing); (4) as the composite friction angle increases, the active lateral earth pressure coefficient decreases; and (5) the benefits of reinforcing a soil become increasingly significant as the reinforcement spacing decreases.
Systematic Global Analysis of Genes Encoding Protein Phosphatases inAspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Winkelströter Lizziane K , Dolan Stephen K , Fernanda dos Reis Thaila , Bom Vinícius Leite Pedro , Alves de Castro Patrícia , Hagiwara Daisuke , Alowni Raneem , Jones Gary W , Doyle Sean , Brown Neil Andrew , Goldman Gustavo H 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAspergillus fumigatus is a fungal pathogen that causes several invasive and noninvasive diseases named aspergillosis. This disease is generally regarded as multifactorial, considering that several pathogenicity determinants are present during the establishment of this illness. It is necessary to obtain an increased knowledge of how, and which, A. fumigatus signal transduction pathways are engaged in the regulation of these processes. Protein phosphatases are essential to several signal transduction pathways. We identified 32 phosphatase catalytic subunit-encoding genes in A. fumigatus, of which we were able to construct 24 viable deletion mutants. The role of nine phosphatase mutants in the HOG (high osmolarity glycerol response) pathway was evaluated by measuring phosphorylation of the p38 MAPK (SakA) and expression of osmo-dependent genes. We were also able to identify 11 phosphatases involved in iron assimilation, six that are related to gliotoxin resistance, and three implicated in gliotoxin production. These results present the creation of a fundamental resource for the study of signaling in A. fumigatus and its implications in the regulation of pathogenicity determinants and virulence in this important pathogen.
Intrinsic Toxicity of Unchecked Heterochromatin Spread Is Suppressed by Redundant Chromatin Boundary Functions inSchizosacchromyces pombe
Authors: Garcia Jennifer F , Al-Sady Bassem , Madhani Hiten D 
Published: May 2015

AbstractEffective boundary mechanisms halt the spread of repressive histone methylation. In the fission yeast Schizosacchromyces pombe, two factors/elements required for boundary function have been described, the jmjC protein Epe1 and binding sites for the RNA polymerase III transcription factor TFIIIC. Perplexingly, individual mutation of Epe1 or TFIIIC sites produces only mild boundary defects, and no other boundary factors have been identified. To approach these issues, we developed a synthetic reporter gene tool that uses a tethered Clr4 histone H3K9 methyltransferase and monitors the ability of a DNA element to block heterochromatin spread. The inverted repeat (IR) that flanks the mat2/3 silent mating-type cassette region demonstrates strong boundary activity compared to sequences that flank pericentromeric heterochromatic repeats. Rather than acting in the same inhibitory pathway, Epe1 and TFIIIC sites mediate boundary function of the IR via the two parallel and largely redundant pathways. We also use the system to demonstrate that HP1/Swi6 promotes boundary activity in addition to promoting silencing and acts in the same pathway as Epe1. Inhibition of heterochromatin spread at the endogenous IR element also requires either Epe1 or TFIIIC sites. Strikingly, mutation of both mechanisms results in growth inhibition that is associated with the spread of heterochromatin over many kilobases to the nearest essential gene and the near-complete silencing of several intervening euchromatic genes. The growth defect is reversed by deletion of clr4+, indicating that the redundant boundary mechanisms protect cells from intrinsic toxicity caused by the spread of heterochromatin.
On the convergence rate of a difference solution of the Poisson equation with fully nonlocal constraints
Authors: Berikelashvilia Givi , Khomeriki Nodar 
Published: May 2015

We consider the Poisson equation in a rectangular domain. Instead of the classical specification of boundary data, we impose an integral constraints on the inner stripe adjacent to boundary having the width ξ. The corresponding finite-difference scheme is constructed on a mesh, which selection does not depend on the value ξ. It is proved the unique solvability of the scheme. An a priori estimate of the discretization error is obtained with the help of energy inequality method. It is proved that the scheme is convergent with the convergence rate of order s-1, when the exact solution belongs to the fractional Sobolev space of order s (1<s ≤3).
Smoothness of solutions with respect to multi-strip integral boundary conditions for nth order ordinary differential equations
Authors: Henderson Johnny 
Published: May 2015

Under certain conditions, solutions of the boundary value problem y(n) = f(x,y,y',...,y(n-1)), a < x < b, y(i-1)(x1) = yi, i=1,...,n-1, y(x2) ∑ i=1mγi ∫ ξiηiy(x)dx=yn, a<x1<ξ1<η1<ξ2<η2<...<ξm<ηm<x2<b, are differentiated with respect to the boundary conditions.
Nonnegative solutions for a system of impulsive BVPs with nonlinear nonlocal BCs
Authors: Infante Gennaro , Pietramala Paolamaria 
Published: May 2015

We study the existence of nonnegative solutions for a system of impulsive differential equations subject to nonlinear, nonlocal boundary conditions. The system presents a coupling in the differential equation and in the boundary conditions. The main tool that we use is the theory of fixed point index for compact maps.
Log-linear learning model for predicting a steady-state manual assembly time
Authors: Kleiza Vytautas , Tilindis Justinas 
Published: May 2015

This paper presents the method for estimating the parameters of a two parameter learning curve (LC). Different values of parameters and different sample sizes are used for this estimation. Based on the experimental data an adequate mathematically grounded LC model is proposed for a manual assembly process of automotive wiring harness. The model enables us to determine the LC parameters αε (slope coefficient) and the learning rate stabilization point xc, i.e. to completely restore LC and predict the production process. The propositions that ground the model application correctness are proved. The model adequacy is estimated, based on concrete production process monitoring data. The criterion that determines production process without stabilized learning rate is proposed.
Compound orbits break-up in constituents: An algorithm
Authors: San Martín Jesús , Gómez Antonia González González , Moscoso María José José , Rodriguez-Perez Daniel 
Published: May 2015

In this paper, decomposition of periodic orbits in bifurcation diagrams are derived in unidimensional dynamics system xn+1=f(xn;r), being f an unimodal function. We prove a theorem, which states the necessary and sufficient conditions for the break-up of compound orbits in their simpler constituents. A corollary to this theorem provides an algorithm for the computation of those orbits. This process closes the theoretical framework initiated in [J. San Martín, M.J. Moscoso, A. González Gómez, Composition law of cardinal ordering permutations, Physica D, 239:1135–1146, 2010. Theorem 2 of present work closes the theoretical frame of composition and decomposition.
BMI and Magnitude of Scoliosis at Presentation to a Specialty Clinic
Authors: Gilbert Shawn R. , Savage Albert J. , Whitesell Rebecca , Conklin Michael J. , Fineberg Naomi S. 
Published: May 2015

OBJECTIVE:
To determine whether curve magnitude of scoliosis at presentation correlates with BMI.

METHODS:
Retrospective chart review of 180 patients presenting with scoliosis was performed. Curve pattern and magnitude, Risser status, occurrence of surgery, zip code, height and weight, race, and insurance status were recorded. Relationships were examined by Spearman rank and Pearson correlations, and logistic regression analysis was used to determine odds ratios.

RESULTS:
For both thoracic and lumbar curve patterns, there was a correlation between BMI and curve magnitude. Spearman rank correlation was 0.19 for thoracic (P = .03) and 0.24 for lumbar curves (P = .02). Overweight or obese patients were not more likely, however, to present with curves at higher risk of progression or more likely to have surgical intervention. With respect to potential confounding socioeconomic variables, thoracic curve magnitude was negatively correlated with median family income (Spearman rank correlation –0.17, P = .04). Curve magnitude was not correlated with race, distance, or insurance payer.

CONCLUSIONS:
Patients with high BMI and scoliosis are more likely to present with larger curves, but not more likely to require surgery. This is concerning because of the national trend of increasing childhood obesity and because scoliosis treatment may be more complicated in larger curves. Socioeconomic factors may also be barriers to access.
Academic Effects of Concussion in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Ransom Danielle M. , Vaughan Christopher G. , Pratson Lincoln , Sady Maegan D. , McGill Catherine A. , Gioia Gerard A. 
Published: May 2015

OBJECTIVE:
The aim of this work is to study the nature and extent of the adverse academic effects faced by students recovering from concussion.

METHOD:
A sample of 349 students ages 5 to 18 who sustained a concussion and their parents reported academic concerns and problems (eg, symptoms interfering, diminished academic skills) on a structured school questionnaire within 4 weeks of injury. Postconcussion symptoms were measured as a marker of injury severity. Results were examined based on recovery status (recovered or actively symptomatic) and level of schooling (elementary, middle, and high school).

RESULTS:
Actively symptomatic students and their parents reported higher levels of concern for the impact of concussion on school performance (P &lt; .05) and more school-related problems (P &lt; .001) than recovered peers and their parents. High school students who had not yet recovered reported significantly more adverse academic effects than their younger counterparts (P &lt; .05). Greater severity of postconcussion symptoms was associated with more school-related problems and worse academic effects, regardless of time since injury (P &lt; .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
This study provides initial evidence for a concussion’s impact on academic learning and performance, with more adverse effects reported by students who had not yet recovered from the injury. School-based management with targeted recommendations informed by postinjury symptoms may mitigate adverse academic effects, reduce parent and student concerns for the impact of the injury on learning and scholastic performance, and lower the risk of prolonged recovery for students with active postconcussion symptoms.
Developmental Outcomes of Extremely Preterm Infants Born to Adolescent Mothers
Authors: Hoffman Laurie , Bann Carla , Higgins Rosemary , Vohr Betty ,   for the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network
Published: May 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Extremely preterm infants and infants born to adolescent mothers are at risk for adverse developmental. The objectives were to evaluate development and behavior outcomes of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants born to adolescent mothers &lt;20 compared with adult mothers ≥20 years and to identify socioeconomic risk factors that affect outcomes.

METHODS:
Retrospective cohort analysis of 211 infants &gt;27 weeks of adolescent mothers and 1723 infants of adult mothers at Neonatal Research Network centers from 2008 to 2011. Groups were compared and regression models were run to predict 18- to 22-month adverse outcomes. Primary outcomes were Bayley-III scores, neurodevelopmental impairment, and Brief Infant Toddler Social Emotional Assessment problem scores (BITSEA/P) ≥75th percentile.

RESULTS:
Adolescent mothers were more often single, Hispanic, less educated, and had public insurance. By 18 to 22 months, their children had significantly increased rates of having lived ≥3 places (21% vs 9%), state supervision (7% vs 3%), rehospitalization (56% vs 46%), and BITSEA/P ≥75th percentile (50% vs 32%) and nonsignificant Bayley-III language scores &lt;85 (56% vs 49%, P = .07). In regression analysis, children of adolescent mothers were more likely to have BITSEA/P ≥75th percentile (relative risk 1.50, 95% confidence interval 1.08–2.07). Living ≥3 places and nonwhite race were predictors of adverse behavior. State supervision was an independent predictor of each Bayley-III composite &lt;70 and neurodevelopmental impairment.

CONCLUSIONS:
ELBW infants of adolescent mothers experience high social and environmental risks that are associated with adverse behavior outcomes. These findings inform the need for comprehensive follow-up, coordinated care services, and behavior interventions for ELBW infants of adolescent mothers.