bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radretumab Radioimmunotherapy in Patients with Brain Metastasis: A 124I-L19SIP Dosimetric PET Study
Authors: Poli Gian Luca , Bianchi Claudia , Virotta Giorgio , Bettini Anna , Moretti Renzo , Trachsel Eveline , Elia Giuliano , Giovannoni Leonardo , Neri Dario , Bruno Andrea 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with 131I-labeled L19SIP (radretumab; a small immunoprotein format antibody directed against the ED-B domain of fibronectin; ∼80 kDa molecular weight) has been investigated in several clinical trials. Here, we describe the use of immuno-PET imaging with iodine-124 (124I)–labeled L19SIP to predict doses delivered to tumor lesions and healthy organs by a subsequent radretumab RIT in patients with brain metastases from solid cancer. Bone marrow doses were evaluated both during the diagnostic phase and posttherapy, measuring activities in blood (germanium detector) and whole body (lanthanum bromide detector). Expected doses for radretumab administration (4,107 MBq/m2) were calculated from data obtained after administration of an average of 167 MBq 124I-L19SIP to 6 patients. To assess lesion average doses, the positron emission tomography (PET) scanner was calibrated for the use of 124I with an International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Body Phantom and recovery coefficients were calculated. The average dose to bone red marrow was 0.21 Gy/GBq, with high correlation between provisional and actual posttherapy doses. Although the fraction of injected activity in normal organs was similar in different patients, the antibody uptake in the neoplastic lesions varied by as much as a factor of 60. Immuno-PET with 124I-labeled L19SIP offers significant advantages over conventional 131I imaging, in particular accuracy of dosimetric results. Furthermore, the study indicates that antibody uptake can be highly variable even in different lesions of the same patient and that immuno-PET procedures may guide product development with armed antibodies. Cancer Immunol Res; 1(2); 134–43. ©2013 AACR.
Nonpharmacologic Control of Postoperative Supraventricular Arrhythmias Using AV Nodal Fat Pad Stimulation in a Young Animal Open Heart Surgical Model
Authors: Moak Jeffrey P. , Mercader Marco A. , He Dingchao , Trachiotis Gregory , Langert Joshua , Blicharz Andy , Montaque Erin , Li Xiyan , Cheng Yao I. , McCarter Robert , Bornzin Gene A. , Martin Gerard R. , Jonas Richard A. 
Published: May 2013

Background—
Supraventricular arrhythmias (junctional ectopic tachycardia [JET] and atrial tachyarrhythmias) frequently complicate recovery from open heart surgery in children and can be difficult to manage. Medical treatment of JET can result in significant morbidity. Our goal was to develop a nonpharmacological approach using autonomic stimulation of selective fat pad (FP) regions of the heart in a young canine model of open heart surgery to control 2 common postoperative supraventricular arrhythmias.

Methods and Results—

Eight mongrel dogs, varying in age from 5 to 8 months and weighting 22±4 kg, underwent open heart surgery replicating a nontransannular approach to tetralogy of Fallot repair. Neural stimulation of the right inferior FP was used to control the ventricular response to supraventricular arrhythmias. Right inferior FP stimulation decreased baseline AV nodal conduction without altering sinus cycle length. AV node Wenckebach cycle length prolonged from 270±33 to 352±89 ms,
P
=0.02. Atrial fibrillation occurred in 7 animals, simulating a rapid atrial tachyarrhythmias. FP stimulation slowed the ventricular response rate from 166±58 to 63±29 beats per minute,
P
<0.001. Postoperative JET occurred in 7 dogs. FP stimulation slowed the ventricular rate during postoperative JET from 148±31 to 106±32 beats per minute,
P
<0.001, and restored sinus rhythm in 7/7 dogs.

Conclusions—
Right inferior FP stimulation had a selective effect on the AV node, and slowed the ventricular rate during postoperative JET and atrial tachyarrhythmias in our young canine open heart surgery model. FP stimulation may be a useful new technique for managing children with JET and atrial tachyarrhythmias.
Defective Extracellular Pyrophosphate Metabolism Promotes Vascular Calcification in a Mouse Model of Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome That Is Ameliorated on Pyrophosphate Treatment
Authors: Villa-Bellosta Ricardo , Rivera-Torres José , Osorio Fernando G. , Acín-Pérez Rebeca , Enriquez José A. , López-Otín Carlos , Andrés Vicente 
Published: May 2013

Background—
Progerin is a mutant form of lamin A responsible for Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), a premature aging disorder characterized by excessive atherosclerosis and vascular calcification that leads to premature death, predominantly of myocardial infarction or stroke. The goal of this study was to investigate mechanisms that cause excessive vascular calcification in HGPS.

Methods and Results—

We performed expression and functional studies in wild-type mice and knock-in
Lmna

G609G/+

mice expressing progerin, which mimic the main clinical manifestations of HGPS.
Lmna

G609G/+

mice showed excessive aortic calcification, and primary aortic vascular smooth muscle cells from these progeroid animals had an impaired capacity to inhibit vascular calcification. This defect in progerin-expressing vascular smooth muscle cells is associated with increased expression and activity of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase and mitochondrial dysfunction, which leads to reduced ATP synthesis. Accordingly,
Lmna

G609G/+

vascular smooth muscle cells are defective for the production and extracellular accumulation of pyrophosphate, a major inhibitor of vascular calcification. We also found increased alkaline phosphatase activity and reduced ATP and pyrophosphate levels in plasma of
Lmna

G609G/+

mice without changes in phosphorus and calcium. Treatment with pyrophosphate inhibited vascular calcification in progeroid mice.

Conclusions—

Excessive vascular calcification in
Lmna

G609G

mice is caused by reduced extracellular accumulation of pyrophosphate that results from increased tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase activity and diminished ATP availability caused by mitochondrial dysfunction in vascular smooth muscle cells. Excessive calcification is ameliorated on pyrophosphate treatment. These findings reveal a previously undefined pathogenic process in HGPS that may also contribute to vascular calcification in normal aging, because progerin progressively accumulates in the vascular tissue of individuals without HGPS.
High-Resolution Doppler Lidar Observations of Transient Downslope Flows and Rotors
Authors: Kühnlein Christian , Dörnbrack Andreas , Weissmann Martin 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The authors present observations of the temporal evolution of downslope windstorms with rotors and internal hydraulic jumps of unprecedented detail and spatiotemporal coverage. The observations were carried out by means of a coherent Doppler lidar in the lee of the southern Sierra Nevada range during the sixth intensive observational period of the Terrain-induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX) in 2006. Two representative flow regimes are analyzed and juxtaposed in this paper. The first case shows pulses of high-momentum air that propagate eastward through the valley with an internal hydraulic jump on the leading edge. The region downstream of the transient internal hydraulic jump is characterized by turbulence but no coherent rotor circulation was observed. During the second case, the strongest windstorm of the field campaign T-REX occurred. The observed features of this event resemble the classical notion of a rotor. Altogether, the Doppler lidar observations of both downslope flow events reveal a complex, turbulent flow that is highly transient, intermittent, 3D, and interacts with a significant along-valley flow.
Examination of Gravity Waves Associated with the 13 March 2003 Bow Echo
Authors: Adams-Selin Rebecca D. , Johnson Richard H. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Numerical simulations of the 13 March 2003 bow echo over Oklahoma are used to evaluate bow echo development and its relationship with gravity wave generation. Multiple fast-moving (with speeds of 30–35 m s−1) gravity waves are generated in association with fluctuations in the first vertical mode of heating in the convective line. The surface impacts of four such waves are observed in Oklahoma Mesonet data during this case. Observations of surface pressure surges ahead of convective lines prior to the bowing process are reproduced; a slower gravity wave produced in the simulation is responsible for a prebowing pressure surge. This slower gravity wave, moving at approximately 11 m s−1, is generated by an increase in low-level microphysical cooling associated with an increase in rear-to-front flow and low-level downdrafts shortly before bowing. The wave moves ahead of the convective line and is manifested at the surface by a positive pressure surge. The pattern of low-level vertical motion associated with this wave, in conjunction with higher-frequency gravity waves generated by multicellularity of the convective line, increases the immediate presystem CAPE by approximately 250 J kg−1 just ahead of the bowing segment of the convective line. Increased presystem CAPE aids convective updraft strength in that segment despite amplified updraft tilt due to a stronger cold pool and surface-based rear-to-front flow, compared to updraft strength in other, nonbowing segments of the convective line.
Birds of a feather? Not when it comes to sexual permissiveness
Authors: Vrangalova Zhana , Bukberg Rachel E. , Rieger Gerulf 
Published: May 2013

Prior research finds that sexually permissive individuals are judged more negatively than nonpermissive peers, placing them at risk of social isolation. Based on the positive assortment principle (i.e., preferences for similarity in attributes in close relationships), we examined whether participants’ own permissiveness mitigated negative judgments of permissive others in the same-sex friendship context. College students ( N = 751) evaluated a hypothetical same-sex target with either 2 (nonpermissive) or 20 (permissive) past sex partners on 10 friendship-relevant outcomes. Participant permissiveness attenuated some negative evaluations. However, preferences were rarely reversed, and no moderation was found in five outcomes, suggesting the role of permissiveness-based positive assortment is limited, and evolutionary concerns may take precedence. Partial support for the sexual double standard was also found.
Biomechanical Evaluation of Physeal-Sparing Fixation Methods in Tibial Eminence Fractures
Authors: Anderson Christian N. , Nyman Jeffry S. , McCullough Kirk A. , Song Yanna , Uppuganti Sasidhar , O’Neill Kevin R. , Anderson Allen F. , Dunn Warren R. 
Published: May 2013

Background: Tibial eminence fractures occur most commonly in skeletally immature children. Several techniques using physeal-sparing fracture fixation have been described, but their structural properties have not been evaluated. Purpose: To determine the strength and resistance to displacement of physeal-sparing techniques used to fix tibial eminence fractures. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Skeletally immature porcine knees were randomized into 4 treatment groups: (1) ultra–high molecular weight polyethylene suture–suture button (UHMWPE/SB), (2) suture anchor, (3) polydioxanone suture–suture button (PDS/SB), and (4) screw fixation. A prospective analysis of bone mineral density using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was performed on all specimens. Fracture fragments were created in a standardized manner and measured for size comparison. After fracture fixation, biomechanical testing was performed with cyclical and load-to-failure protocols by loading the tibia with an anterior shear force. Results: In load-to-failure testing, screw fixation had a significantly lower median peak failure load (186.4 N; lower quartile [LQ], 158.4 N; upper quartile [UQ], 232.6 N) than did UHMWPE/SB (465.8 N; LQ, 397.8 N; UQ, 527.8 N), suture anchors (440.5 N; LQ, 323.0 N; UQ, 562.3 N), and PDS/SB (404.3 N; LQ, 385.9 N; UQ, 415.6 N). UHMWPE/SB demonstrated a significantly higher median yield load (465.8 N; LQ, 397.8 N; UQ, 527.8 N) than did PDS/SB (306.7 N; LQ, 271.4, N; UQ, 405.7 N) and screw fixation (179.0 N; LQ, 120.2 N; UQ, 232.5 N). During cyclical testing, screw fixation demonstrated significantly lower percentage survival of specimens (0%) compared with the other groups (UHMWPE/SB, 100%; suture anchor, 78%; PDS/SB, 78%). After 1000 cycles of loading, PDS/SB fixation had significantly more median creep (6.76 mm; LQ, 6.34 mm; UQ, 8.28 mm) than did UHMWPE/SB (4.43 mm; LQ, 3.80 mm; UQ, 4.73 mm) and suture anchor fixation (3.06 mm; LQ, 2.59 mm; UQ, 4.28 mm). The lowest median stiffness was observed in the PDS/SB group (48.6 N/mm; LQ, 45.3 N/mm; UQ, 54.2 N/mm). UHMWPE/SB fixation demonstrated a significantly higher median peak failure load after cyclic testing (469.0 N; LQ, 380.6 N; UQ, 507.2 N) than did PDS/SB (237.7 N; LQ, 197.3 N; UQ, 298.3 N) and screw fixation (132.4 N; LQ, 123.7 N; UQ, 180.9 N). Suture anchor fixation had significantly more variance, as demonstrated by width of interquartile range, in peak failure load, yield load, and creep than did other techniques. Conclusion: Physeal-sparing fixation of tibial eminence fractures with UHMWPE suture–suture button is biomechanically superior to both PDS suture–suture button and a single screw at the time of surgery and provides more consistent fixation than do suture anchors. Clinical Relevance: Suture anchors provide inconsistent fixation for tibial eminence fractures.
Pultrusion of flax/poly(lactic acid) commingled yarns and nonwoven fabrics
Authors: Linganiso Linda Z , Bezerra Renato , Bhat Shrikant , John Maya , Braeuning Ruediger , Anandjiwala Rajesh D 
Published: May 2013

The article reports on the successful processing of flax-reinforced poly(lactic acid) (PLA) profiles by thermoplastic pultrusion into ‘sandwich’ structures consisting of commingled yarns as outer layers and layers of nonwoven material in the core section. The results showed that a good quality matrix impregnation was obtained. The profiles produced from only commingled yarns had higher impact strengths due to yarns in the middle of the profiles; the matrix of which did not melt during pultrusion. The flexural properties of the composites improved with increasing nonwoven layers. Good PLA impregnation improved the flexural properties. The tensile strength of the ‘sandwich’ structures was much lower than that of commingled yarn-based composites, this being attributed to the poor distribution of flax fibres and poor interfacial adhesion leading to poor stress transfer from matrix to fibres. Crystallinity decreased as the number of nonwoven layers increased presumably due to blockage of nucleating sites essential for crystal growth. The storage modulus of composites reinforced with commingled yarns was greater than that of the composites reinforced with ‘sandwich’ material, confirming effective transfer of stress from matrix to the commingled flax yarns and indicating that increasing nonwoven layers decreased adhesion between reinforcement and the matrix. The effects of a wide range of pultrusion process parameters on the mechanical properties of resulting profiles were investigated. Higher die temperatures (290°C) and lower pulling speeds (0.5 m min−1) improved the mechanical properties due to better melting and lower viscosity of the matrix, enabling increased penetration within the reinforcement. Flexural and tensile properties of microwave-heated samples were very low due to fibre degradation. Scanning electron microscopic images showed that fibre impregnation was good in ‘sandwich’ systems, but fibre distribution remained a challenge.
Processing, characterization, and wear analysis of short glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites filled with blast furnace slag
Authors: Padhi Prasanta Kumar , Satapathy Alok , Nakka Anand Mohan 
Published: May 2013

Blast furnace slag (BFS) is a major solid waste in iron industries that results from the fusion of fluxing stone with coke and the siliceous and aluminous residues remaining after the reduction and separation of iron from the ore. Using this BFS in different proportions (0, 10, 20, and 30 wt%) in thermoplastic polypropylene matrix base, hybrid composites are prepared with and without 20 wt% short glass fiber reinforcement, by injection-molding route. The composites are characterized in regard to their physical and mechanical properties and their dry sliding wear characteristics are studied experimentally. For this, a standard pin on-disk test set-up and Taguchi’s orthogonal arrays are used. Taguchi’s experimental design method eliminates the need for repeated experiments and thus saves time, materials, and cost. It identifies the significant control factors predominantly influencing the wear rate. From the experimental findings, optimal combinations of control factors are obtained for minimum wear rate and on that basis, predictive correlations are proposed. The morphology of worn surfaces is then examined by scanning electron microscopy and possible wear mechanisms are discussed. Furthermore, a model based on artificial neural networks (ANN) for the prediction of sliding wear properties of these thermoplastic polymer composites is implemented. The ANN prediction profiles for the characteristic wear properties exhibit very good agreement with the measured results demonstrating that a well-trained network has been created. The simulated results explaining the effect of significant process variables on the wear rate indicate that the trained neural network possesses enough generalization capability of predicting wear rate even beyond the experimental range.
Withdrawal syndrome caused by naltrexone in opioid abusers
Authors: Hassanian-Moghaddam H , Afzali S , Pooya A 
Published: May 2013

Study objective: Naltrexone is a competitive opioid receptor antagonist acting at the µ- and k-opioid receptors that blocks the euphoric effects of exogenous administered opioids. When used in opioid-dependent patients, naltrexone can cause acute and severe withdrawal symptoms. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from December 2007 to March 2008 and consisted of patients who had used naltrexone accidentally or deliberately and were referred to Loghman-Hakim Poison Hospital, Tehran, Iran. All symptoms and signs were assessed and the relationship between the dose of naltrexone, opioid dependence, and outcome was evaluated. Results: In 132 patients referred to our hospital, the most frequently reported symptoms and signs occurring in more than 10% of patients were agitation (96.2%), altered level of consciousness (38.6%), nausea (28%), vomiting (27.3%), abdominal pain (24.2%), diarrhea (16.7%), bone and muscle pain (15.9%), tachycardia (12.9%), and dilated pupils (11.4%). Being the most prominent symptom, the agitation was the most difficult aspect of withdrawal to manage. Except for agitation, no relationship was found between the presence of these symptoms and the dose of naltrexone used. Outcome of the patients (classified as complete recovery, partial recovery, death, and no follow-up) was related to the substance of addiction ( p < 0.05) but not to the naltrexone dose. Conclusion: Emergency physicians should be aware of the potential for severe agitation from naltrexone-precipitated hyperacute withdrawal and its appropriate management. Opioid-dependent patients who wish to continue withdrawal and abstinence must be encouraged to visit trained physicians and be warned about misuse of naltrexone.
Effect of escitalopram on cardiomyopathy-induced anxiety in mice
Authors: Anwar M. J. , Pillai K.K. , Samad A. , Vohora D. 
Published: May 2013

The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of escitalopram on anxiety following doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiomyopathy, a rodent model for heart failure (HF), in mice. The study was carried out in Swiss albino mice. DOX was used at a dose of 10 mg/kg intravenously. Escitalopram was administered at the doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg orally for 7 days pre- and 7 days post-DOX. Anxiety was measured on day 8 and on day 14 using elevated plus maze and Vogel’s conflict test. On day 14, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was estimated. The mice were then killed and their hearts were dissected out for the estimation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and for the transmission electron microscopic (TEM) studies. Our results showed that the DOX administration induced cardiomyopathy in mice. This was evidenced by the increased levels of serum LDH and tissue MDA and was also confirmed by TEM. Escitalopram (20 mg/kg) not only reversed the anxiety-like effects induced by DOX but also DOX-induced increase in LDH and MDA as well as the morphological alterations induced by DOX in TEM studies. Escitalopram, thus, appears to be a good candidate for alleviating anxiety in patients with HF.
Inhalation toxicity of 316L stainless steel powder in relation to bioaccessibility
Authors: Stockmann-Juvala H , Hedberg Y , Dhinsa NK , Griffiths DR , Brooks PN , Zitting A , Wallinder I Odnevall , Santonen T 
Published: May 2013

The Globally Harmonized System for Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) considers metallic alloys, such as nickel (Ni)-containing stainless steel (SS), as mixtures of substances, without considering that alloys behave differently compared to their constituent metals. This study presents an approach using metal release, explained by surface compositional data, for the prediction of inhalation toxicity of SS AISI 316L. The release of Ni into synthetic biological fluids is >1000-fold lower from the SS powder than from Ni metal, due to the chromium(III)-rich surface oxide of SS. Thus, it was hypothesized that the inhalation toxicity of SS is significantly lower than what could be predicted based on Ni metal content. A 28-day inhalation study with rats exposed to SS 316L powder (<4 µm, mass median aerodynamic diameter 2.5–3.0 µm) at concentrations up to 1.0 mg/L showed accumulation of metal particles in the lung lobes, but no signs of inflammation, although Ni metal caused lung toxicity in a similar published study at significantly lower concentrations. It was concluded that the bioaccessible (released) fraction, rather than the elemental nominal composition, predicts the toxicity of SS powder. The study provides a basis for an approach for future validation, standardization and risk assessment of metal alloys.
Unconscious relational traumatic memory and its relevance to ‘everyday’ clinical psychiatry
Authors: Benjamin Richard 
Published: May 2013

Objective: The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the relevance of the concept of unconscious relational traumatic memory to ‘everyday’ clinical psychiatry. Method: One clinical vignette and concepts from the Conversational Model of Psychotherapy are used to consider the potential relevance of this type of memory. Conclusions: The influence of modern classification systems and the dominance of the paradigm of ‘biological psychiatry’ over the last 30 years have together led to an emphasis on diagnosis and treatment by symptom cluster. This perspective may overlook both the patient’s current psycho-social context and their personal history. An understanding of unconscious relational traumatic memory may assist in both the conceptualisation and the treatment of many patients, particularly those adults who have been abused in childhood, where the link between the early experiences and the late manifestations are frequently lost.