bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What are the factors that influence physical activity participation in adults with knee and hip osteoarthritis? A systematic review of physical activity correlates
Authors: Stubbs Brendon , Hurley Michael , Smith Toby 
Published: June 2014

Objective: To determine the factors associated with physical activity participation in adults with hip or knee osteoarthritis. Methods: A systematic review was conducted including searches of AMED, PsycINFO, CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed and the Cochrane Library from inception until October 2013. Studies presenting quantitative correlates of physical activity in adults with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis were included. Two independent authors conducted the searches, extracted data and completed methodological quality assessment. Correlates were analysed using the summary code approach within the socio-ecological model. Results: A total of 170 correlates were identified from 29 publications analysing 8076 individual people with hip or knee osteoarthritis. Methodological quality was generally good. For knee osteoarthritis, factors consistently negatively associated with physical activity (reported more than four studies) were increasing age (number of participants in studies supporting association = 4558), non-white ethnicity ( n = 3232), increased osteoarthritis symptoms ( n = 2374) and female gender ( n = 4816). Greater lower limb function ( n = 1671) and faster gait speed were ( n = 4098) positively associated with physical activity. Social (e.g. support from spouse ( n = 141)) and environment (outdoor temperature ( n = 38)) factors were identified as possible factors that influence physical activity. For hip osteoarthritis, higher body mass index ( n = 99), increased comorbidities ( n = 1021), lower mental health ( n = 189) and unemployment ( n = 65) were negatively associated with physical activity; while better social functioning ( n = 1055) and health-related quality of life were positively associated with physical activity ( n = 34). Conclusion: Demographic, physical, social, psychological and environmental factors are all important correlates for physical activity for people with knee or hip osteoarthritis. Clinicians should consider these in clinical practice.
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 rescues the oxidative stress induced by di-N-butylphthalate in testicular Leydig cells
Authors: Shen B , Wang W , Ding L , Sao Y , Huang Y , Shen Z , Zhuo Y , Wei Z , Zhang W 
Published: June 2014

Aim: This study aimed to determine whether nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 antagonized the oxidative stress induced by di- N-butylphthalate (DBP) in testicular Leydig cells. Methods: Mouse TM3 testicular Leydig cells were treated with Nrf2 knockdown (KD) or overexpression in the presence and absence of DBP. Oxidative profiles were examined. Nrf2 target antioxidant genes were studied, and the effects of Nrf2 inducer sulphoraphane (SFN) were tested. Results: DBP induced intracellular oxidative stress to a similar extent with Nrf2 KD. Expression and protein levels of Nrf2 were increased together with its target genes, namely heme oxygenase 1, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate quinone oxidoreductase 1 and peroxiredoxin 6, following DBP stimulation. Use of SFN not only restored the intracellular oxidative toxicity but also cell proliferation and testosterone secretion in response to DBP. Conclusion: Increased Nrf2 activity, for example, by SFN can effectively antagonize the oxidative stress in testicular Leydig cells caused by DBP.
Ethical considerations on the value of patient knowledge in long-term care
Authors: van den Hooff Susanne L , Goossensen Anne 
Published: June 2014

Aim: This study explores experiences of patients suffering from Korsakoff’s syndrome. It contributes to improved reflection on the value of patient knowledge. Background: An ethics of care perspective states the importance of moving to patients in their vulnerable state of being, and to figure out patients’ individual needs necessary to provide good care. The information given by patients suffering from Korsakoff’s syndrome might be mistaken, invented and even not true. The value of these patients’ experiences and knowledge had not been researched to date. Method: Data from six in-depth interviews were analysed concurrently through the constant comparative method. Ethical considerations: The principles of voluntariness, confidentiality and anonymity were respected during the research process. Findings: Four important themes within patients’ knowledge emerged: health condition, involuntary admission into the nursing home, the daily routine and interpretation of the caring abilities of healthcare professionals. The findings show that our respondents were able to provide a window into their inner perspective. Conclusion: This study deepens our understanding of the value of patient knowledge in situations where patients see the world in a different manner as do healthcare professionals. The conversations revealed personal subjective knowledge which our respondents create and live by. Healthcare professionals are encouraged to discover and affirm the understandings of these patients, and not be prepossessed due to the diagnosis or general nursing home rules. Understanding patients’ unique knowledge through appreciation of the complexity and richness of different views on the situation can assist to give a more humane response to individual needs and pain. Health staff in healthcare institutions are encouraged to evaluate the – unintended – effect of rigidly applied nursing home rules, and the government is challenged to rethink its policy about care, and provide more resources permitting relational care that nurtures the dignity of patients suffering from Korsakoff’s syndrome.
Bone Marrow–derived Cells and Biophysical Stimulation for Talar Osteochondral Lesions
Authors: Cadossi Matteo , Buda Roberto Emanuele , Ramponi Laura , Sambri Andrea , Natali Simone , Giannini Sandro 
Published: June 2014

Background: Osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) frequently occur after ankle sprains in young patients participating in sports activities. These injuries may lead to chronic pain, joint swelling, and finally osteoarthritis, therefore, surgical repair is frequently needed. A collagen scaffold seeded with bone marrow–derived cells (BMDCs) harvested from patient’s iliac crest and implanted into the OLT through a single arthroscopic procedure has been recently proposed as an effective treatment option. Nevertheless, BMDCs, embedded in an inflammatory environment, tend to differentiate toward a fibroblast phenotype with a consequential loss of mechanical characteristics. Biophysical stimulation with pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) has been shown to promote anabolic chondrocyte activity, stimulate proteoglycan synthesis, and reduce the release of the most relevant pro-inflammatory cytokines. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the effects of PEMFs on clinical outcome in patients who underwent BMDCs transplantation for OLT. Methods: Thirty patients affected by grade III and IV Outerbridge OLT underwent BMDCs transplantation. After surgery, patients were randomly assigned to either experimental group (PEMFs 4 hours per day for 60 days starting within 3 days after operation) or control group. Clinical outcome was evaluated with (American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society) AOFAS score, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Short Form-36 (SF-36). Results: Significantly higher AOFAS score was recorded in the experimental group both at 6 or 12 months follow-up. At 60 days and 6 and 12 months follow-up, significant lower pain was observed in the experimental group. No significant difference was found in SF-36 between groups. Conclusion: A superior clinical outcome was found in the experimental group with more than 10 points higher AOFAS score at final follow-up. Biophysical stimulation started soon after surgery aided patient recovery leading to pain control and a better clinical outcome with these improvements lasting more than 1 year after surgery. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective comparative study.
Syntactically conditioned code-switching? The syntax of numerals in Beni-Snous Berber
Authors: Souag Lameen , Kherbache Fatma 
Published: June 2014

Aims and objectives: Grammatical rules in one language that induce the speaker to switch to another language (Matras’ ‘bilingual suppletion’) are reported for two languages: Beni-Snous Berber (as described in Destaing’s 1907 work Etude sur le dialecte berbère des Beni-Snous), and Jerusalem Domari (as described in Matras’s 2012 work A grammar of Domari). Few details are available, yet the two cases show greater similarities than expected if any grammatical rule could specify switching. This paper seeks to describe the phenomenon more precisely and to provide a principled explanation for the similarities. Methodology: Destaing claims that numerals greater than 10 obligatorily select for Arabic nouns, but provides few examples and no frequency indications. The description was made more precise by examining all numeral+noun phrases in published texts, supplemented by elicitation. Contact effects were distinguished from retentions through comparison with nearby Berber and Arabic varieties. Data and analysis: Destaing’s text corpus yielded 213 numeral+noun phrases; another 169 were elicited in 2013 from seven surviving speakers. In both datasets, counterexamples to Destaing’s original claim were found, but switching was restricted to numerals greater than 10, and Fisher’s exact test confirmed this factor’s significance. Findings: Beni-Snous Berber – like Domari – shows a statistically significant tendency to use Arabic nouns with numerals for which Arabic and Berber selectional requirements conflict. Modern speakers additionally show optional syntactic calquing in such cases, accompanied by fewer switches. These facts are predicted by the hypothesis that ‘bilingual suppletion’ is induced by words shared across the two languages with different selectional requirements. Originality: ‘Bilingual suppletion’ remains little-researched, and its relative frequency in corpus data has not previously been examined. No restrictive explanation for it has previously been proposed. Implications: The results indicate that ‘rules’ inducing language switching (always optional) can emerge naturally from conflicts between grammars within bilingual populations, rather than needing to be directly encoded in the grammar.
The influence of education and income on responses to the QuickDASH questionnaire
Authors: Finsen V 
Published: June 2014

We studied the influence of levels of income and education on QuickDASH scores. The scores were collected in a random sample of 1376 residents of Norway. The level of income was divided into four bands and level of education into five bands. The mean QuickDASH score for both men and women fell with every increase in education and income level. For women the mean score was 30 for those with the shortest education and 9 for those with the longest ( p < 0.001). The corresponding figures for men were 19 and 7 ( p < 0.01). The women with the lowest level of income had a mean score of 23, compared with 8 for women with the highest income level ( p < 0.001). For men the corresponding mean scores were 20 and 5 ( p < 0.001). Analysis of variance showed that age alone accounted for 16% of the variability of the scores among women and 7% among men. When levels of education and income were added to the analysis, these three factors accounted for 21% of the variability among women and 13% among men. We conclude that socioeconomic factors significantly influence QuickDASH scores. Level of evidence: 3
Who is the best donor for a related HLA haplotype-mismatched transplant?
Authors: Wang Yu , Chang Ying-Jun , Xu Lan-Ping , Liu Kai-Yan , Liu Dai-Hong , Zhang Xiao-Hui , Chen Huan , Han Wei , Chen Yu-Hong , Wang Feng-Rong , Wang Jing-Zhi , Chen Yao , Yan Chen-Hua , Huo Ming-Rui , Li Dan , Huang Xiao-Jun 
Published: June 2014

Key Points
There is a need to identify the best HLA haplotype-mismatched related donor. Use of young, male, NIMA-mismatched donors results in the best survival after HLA haplotype-mismatched related donor transplants.
Meanings of existential uncertainty and certainty for people diagnosed with cancer and receiving palliative treatment: a life-world phenomenological study
Authors: Karlsson Magdalena , Friberg Febe , Wallengren Catarina , Öhlén Joakim 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundMany people around the world are getting cancer and living longer with the disease. Thanks to improved treatment options in healthcare, patients diagnosed with advanced gastrointestinal cancer can increasingly live for longer. Living with cancer creates existential uncertainty, but what does this situation mean for the individual? The purpose of the study is to interpret meanings of existential uncertainty and certainty for people diagnosed with advanced gastrointestinal cancer and receiving palliative treatment.MethodsThis study is part of a larger project in which 7 men and 7 women aged between 49 and 79 participated in a study of information and communication for people with advanced gastrointestinal cancer. A total of 66 interviews were conducted with participants who were followed up over time. The narrative interviews were transcribed verbatim and the texts were analysed in three steps: naive reading, structural analysis and interpreted whole by utilizing a phenomenological life-world approach.ResultsThis study has identified different spheres in which people diagnosed with advanced gastrointestinal cancer vacillate between existential uncertainty and certainty: bodily changes, everyday situations, companionship with others, healthcare situations and the natural environment. Existing in the move between existential uncertainty and certainty appears to change people’s lives in a decisive manner. The interview transcripts reveal aspects that both create existential certainty and counteract uncertainty. They also reveal that participants appear to start reflecting on how the new and uncertain aspects of their lives will manifest themselves –a new experience that lays the foundation for development of knowledge, personal learning and growth.ConclusionsPeople diagnosed with advanced gastrointestinal cancer and receiving palliative care expressed thoughts about personal learning initiated by the struggle of living with an uncertain future despite their efforts to live in the present. Their personal learning was experienced through a changed life for themselves and having to confront their own pending death and develop self-insight regarding finality of life. Healthcare professionals can try to support people receiving palliative treatment for cancer by diversifying avenues for their personal growth, thus helping them manage their existential uncertainty and gravitate towards greater existential certainty.
The synthesis and characterization of monodispersed chitosan-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles via a facile one-step solvothermal process for adsorption of bovine serum albumin
Authors: Shen Mao , Yu Yujing , Fan Guodong , Chen Guang , Jin Ying min , Tang Wenyuan , Jia Wenping 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Preparation of magnetic nanoparticles coated with chitosan (CS-coated Fe3O4 NPs) in one step by the solvothermal method in the presence of different amounts of added chitosan is reported here. The magnetic property of the obtained magnetic composite nanoparticles was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and magnetic measurements (VSM). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) allowed the identification of spherical nanoparticles with about 150 nm in average diameter. Characterization of the products by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) demonstrated that CS-coated Fe3O4 NPs were obtained. Chitosan content in the obtained nanocomposites was estimated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The adsorption properties of the CS-coated Fe3O4 NPs for bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated under different concentrations of BSA. Compared with naked Fe3O4 nanoparticles, the CS-coated Fe3O4 NPs showed a higher BSA adsorption capacity (96.5 mg/g) and a fast adsorption rate (45 min) in aqueous solutions. This work demonstrates that the prepared magnetic nanoparticles have promising applications in enzyme and protein immobilization.
The influence of negative training set size on machine learning-based virtual screening
Authors: Kurczab Rafał , Smusz Sabina , Bojarski Andrzej J 
Published: June 2014

Abstract

Background
The paper presents a thorough analysis of the influence of the number of negative training examples on the performance of machine learning methods.

Results
The impact of this rather neglected aspect of machine learning methods application was examined for sets containing a fixed number of positive and a varying number of negative examples randomly selected from the ZINC database. An increase in the ratio of positive to negative training instances was found to greatly influence most of the investigated evaluating parameters of ML methods in simulated virtual screening experiments. In a majority of cases, substantial increases in precision and MCC were observed in conjunction with some decreases in hit recall. The analysis of dynamics of those variations let us recommend an optimal composition of training data. The study was performed on several protein targets, 5 machine learning algorithms (SMO, Naïve Bayes, Ibk, J48 and Random Forest) and 2 types of molecular fingerprints (MACCS and CDK FP). The most effective classification was provided by the combination of CDK FP with SMO or Random Forest algorithms. The Naïve Bayes models appeared to be hardly sensitive to changes in the number of negative instances in the training set.

Conclusions
In conclusion, the ratio of positive to negative training instances should be taken into account during the preparation of machine learning experiments, as it might significantly influence the performance of particular classifier. What is more, the optimization of negative training set size can be applied as a boosting-like approach in machine learning-based virtual screening.
Validation of pharyngeal findings on sleep nasopharyngoscopy in children with snoring/sleep disordered breathing
Authors: Ramji Maleka , Biron Vincent L , Jeffery Caroline C , Côté David WJ , El-Hakim Hamdy 
Published: June 2014

Objective To validate the pharyngeal findings in sleep nasopharyngoscopy (SNP) of children with snoring - sleep disordered breathing (S-SDB). Design Prospective agreement diagnostic study on retrospective data. Methods We conducted an inter-and intra-rater agreement study on video documentations of SNP performed on children (non-syndromic, complex, or operated upon) who presented with S-SDB. The videos featured various pharyngeal findings (normal, collapse, mixed or obstruction). Three ‘non-expert’ raters at various stages in their otolaryngological careers rated the videos independently, and on two separate occasions following an instructional session. We calculated both weighted and non-weighted linear kappa. Results Each independent observer rated sixty-one videos (2 weeks apart). Intra-observer agreement was 0.64 ± 0.08 (95% CI 0.48-0.81), 0.74 ± 0.07 (95% CI 0.60-0.88), 0.59 ± 0.08 (95% CI 0.43-0.74), for raters 1, two and three. Weighted kappa was 0.6 ± 0.1 (95% CI 0.41-0.79), 0.8 ± 0.06 (95% CI 0.7-0.92), 0.7 ± 0.07 (95% CI 0.57-0.83), respectively. Inter-rater agreements between raters one and two, two and three, three and four were 0.83 ± 0.06 (95% CI 0.71-0.95), 0.52 ± 0.08 (95% CI 0.36-0.70), and 0.53 ± 0.08 (95% CI 0.37-0.69), respectively. Weighted kappa was 0.83 ± 0.073 (95% CI 0.69-0.98), 0.68 ± 0.06 (95% CI 0.56-0.79), and 0.64 ± 0.07 (95% CI 0.49-0.78), respectively. Conclusions This is the first validation of pharyngeal findings on SNP in children. It is based on a four types’ classification. Overall reproducibility amongst the three raters and their agreement was moderate to good. Further work should be phase four trials investigating the impact on outcome.
Formulation of inhalable lipid-based salbutamol sulfate microparticles by spray drying technique
Authors: Daman Zahra , Gilani Kambiz , Rouholamini Najafabadi Abdolhossein , Eftekhari Hamid Reza , Barghi Mohammad Ali 
Published: June 2014

Abstract

Background
The aim of this work was to develop dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulations of salbutamol sulfate (SS) by the aid of solid lipid microparticles (SLmPs), composed of biocompatible phospholipids or cholesterol.

Methods
The SLmPs were prepared by using two different solvent systems (ethanol and water-ethanol) and lipid carriers (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and cholesterol) with/without L-leucine in the spray drying process. The spray-dried microparticles were physically-mixed with coarse lactose monohydrate in order to make our final DPI formulations and were investigated in terms of physical characteristics as well as in vitro drug release profile and aerosolization behavior.

Results
We observed significant differences in the sizes, morphologies, and in vitro pulmonary depositions between the formulations. In particular, the SS-containing SLmPs prepared with water-ethanol (30:70 v/v) solution of DPPC and L-leucine which had then been blended with coarse lactose (1:9 w/w) exhibited the highest emitted dose (87.9%) and fine particle fraction (42.7%) among the formulations. In vitro drug release study indicated that despite of having a significant initial burst release for both cholesterol and DPPC-based microparticles, the remained drug released more slowly than the pure drug.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated the potential of using lipid carriers as well as L-leucine in DPI formulations of SS to improve its aerosolization behavior and retard the release profile of the drug.
Removal of phenol and bisphenol-A catalyzed by laccase in aqueous solution
Authors: Asadgol Zahra , Forootanfar Hamid , Rezaei Shahla , Mahvi Amir Hossein , Faramarzi Mohammad Ali 
Published: June 2014

Abstract

Background
Elimination of hazardous phenolic compounds using laccases has gained attention during recent decades. The present study was designed to evaluate the ability of the purified laccase from Paraconiothyrium variabile (Pv L) for elimination of phenol and the endocrine disrupting chemical bisphenol A. Effect of laccase activity, pH, and temperature on the enzymatic removal of the mentioned pollutants were also investigated.

Results
After 30 min treatment of the applied phenolic pollutants in the presence of Pv L (5 U/mL), 80% of phenol and 59.7% of bisphenol A was removed. Increasing of laccase activity enhanced the removal percentage of both pollutants. The acidic pH of 5 was found to be the best pH for elimination of both phenol and bisphenol A. Increasing of reaction temperature up to 50°C enhanced the removal percentage of phenol and bisphenol A to 96.3% and 88.3%, respectively.

Conclusions
To sum up, the present work introduced the purified laccase of P. variabile as an efficient biocatalyst for removal of one of the most hazardous endocrine disruptor bisphenol A.