bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Major Post‐Operative Complications Predict Long‐Term Survival After Esophagectomy in Patients with Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus
Authors: Luc Guillaume , Durand Marlène , Chiche Laurence , Collet Denis 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundEsophagectomy provides the best opportunity for a long‐term cure despite its high post‐operative morbidity. We reviewed our institutional records to evaluate the impact of major post‐operative complications on the long‐term survival of patients following esophagectomy after neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced adenocarcinoma.MethodsWe identified 241 patients who underwent esophagectomy as a curative procedure at our tertiary referral center. All consecutive patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the esophagus who underwent neoadjuvant treatment followed by esophagectomy were analyzed. Complications were graded according to the Clavien scale. Patients were compared according to the complication grade (grades 0–1–2 vs. grades 3–4). Overall survival and disease‐free survival were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and survival curves were compared using log‐rank tests. Factors predictive of survival were determined using multivariate analysis.ResultsA total of 116 patients underwent esophagectomy after neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Fifty‐four patients (46.5 %) developed post‐operative complications. The post‐operative mortality rate was 4.3 % (five patients). Patients with grade 3–4 complications had decreased overall survival and disease‐free survival rates (p = 0.006 and 0.045). Grade 3–4 complications and positive nodes were found to be contributing factors to survival (p = 0.027 and 0.005).ConclusionsOur single‐institution study found that major morbidity had a negative impact on long‐term survival in patients who underwent esophagectomy after neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced adenocarcinoma.
Adult Intussusception: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Honjo Hirotaka , Mike Makio , Kusanagi Hiroshi , Kano Nobuyasu 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundIntussusception is common in children but rare in adults. The goal of this study was to review retrospectively the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of intussusception in adults.MethodsFrom 1997 to 2013, we experienced 44 patients of intussusception in patients older than 18 years. The patients were divided into enteric, ileocolic, ileocecal, and colocolonic (rectal) types. The diagnosis and treatment of these patients were reviewed.ResultsOf the 44 patients of adult intussusception, 42 were diagnosed with abdominal ultrasonography and abdominal computed tomography. There were 12 patients of enteric intussusception, six patients of ileocolic intussusception, 16 patients of ileocecal type intussusception, and 10 patients of colonic (rectal) intussusception. Among them, 77.3 % were associated with a tumor. Among 12 patients of enteric intussusception, three were associated with a metastatic intestinal tumor, and one was associated with a benign tumor. Among six patients of ileocolic intussusception, two patients were associated with malignant disease. Also, 93.8 % of ileocecal intussusceptions were associated with tumors, 80.0 % of which were malignant. Similarly, 90.0 % of colonic intussusceptions were associated with malignant tumors. Intussusception was reduced before or during surgery in 28 patients. Surgery was performed in 41 patients, and laparoscopy‐assisted surgery was performed for ab underlying disease in 12 patients.ConclusionsPreoperative diagnoses were possible in almost all patients. Reduction greatly benefited any surgery required and the extent of the resection regardless of the underlying disease and surgical site.
Laparoscopic Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Insertion Using Nitrous Oxide under Procedural Sedation
Authors: Wu Robert , Okrainec Allan , Penner Todd 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundLaparoscopic peritoneal dialysis catheter (LPDC) implantation using nitrous oxide (N2O) pneumoperitoneum under procedural sedation is a technique that has many advantages over conventional insertion methods. The purpose of this study was to review the LPDC insertion results at our center.MethodsData from 87 consecutive patients who underwent LPDC insertion was retrospectively reviewed. All procedures were attempted under procedural sedation. After patients received intravenous and local anesthesia, a N2O pneumoperitoneum was established. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheters were advanced using rectus sheath tunneling. The position of the catheter was confirmed by laparoscope, and adjunct procedures such as omentopexy and adhesiolysis were performed on select patients to prevent catheter flow problems.ResultsNitrous oxide was well tolerated by 94 % of the patients. Only five patients required conversion to general anesthesia. After a mean follow‐up of 18.2 months, mechanical complications included pericatheter/incision leakage (12.62 %), flow obstruction (4.60 %), incision/exit site hernia (3.45 %), hemoperitoneum (2.30 %), pleuroperitoneal fistula (1.15 %), scrotal leak (1.15 %), and migration (1.15 %). Infectious complications included exit site infection (1 episode per 312.95 patient‐months) and peritonitis (1 episode per 31.93 patient‐months). Revision‐free catheter survival was 97.6 % after 1 year.ConclusionLaparoscopic implantation of a PD catheter with N2O pneumoperitoneum and local anesthesia is safe and effective in patients with severe renal failure. N2O is an inert gas and better tolerated as an insufflation agent, enabling awake procedures. Our results show that catheter‐related functional outcomes are comparable to those in the existing literature. This approach can be recommended as a good option for catheter implantation in patients needing dialysis.
Risk Factors and Preventive Measures for Acute Urinary Retention after Rectal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Lee Soo Young , Kang Sung‐Bum , Kim Duck‐Woo , Oh Heung‐Kwon , Ihn Myong Hoon 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundAlthough several risk factors for acute urinary retention after rectal cancer surgery have been proposed, few studies have enrolled a homogeneous group of patients without preoperative urinary dysfunction. We aimed to identify risk factors and preventive measures for acute urinary retention after rectal cancer surgery.MethodsThis study was a retrospective review of prospectively collected data from included patients who underwent rectal cancer surgery at a single center. Preoperative urinary function was evaluated using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). Clinical data were collected prospectively and analyzed to assess the risk factors for acute urinary retention, which was defined as the inability to self‐void after removing the urinary catheter requiring catheterization or reinsertion of an indwelling catheter.ResultsOf 352 patients with mild preoperative IPSS (0–7), 48 (13.6 %) experienced acute urinary retention. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male sex (odds ratio [OR] 2.240, p = 0.039), laparoscopic operation (OR 2.421, p = 0.024), intraoperative intravenous fluid ≥2,000 mL (OR 3.794, p < 0.001), and urinary catheter removal on postoperative day 1 or 2 (OR 3.650, p = 0.017) were independent risk factors for acute urinary retention after rectal cancer surgery. Patients with two risk factors had a significantly higher risk of acute urinary retention than patients with none or one risk factor.ConclusionsThis study suggests the maintenance of a urinary catheter for a period longer than 2 days and intraoperative fluid restriction to prevent acute urinary retention after rectal cancer surgery.
Effectiveness of Antireflux Surgery for the Cure of Chronic Cough Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Lugaresi Marialuisa , Aramini Beatrice , Daddi Niccolò , Baldi Fabio , Mattioli Sandro 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe effectiveness of surgical therapy for chronic cough secondary to gastroesophageal reflux disease remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of surgery and to identify the preoperative clinical profile that could predict the positive effects of treatment on chronic cough.Study DesignOf 299 patients who underwent antireflux surgery between 1995 and 2010, 67 patients were affected by chronic cough and typical symptoms. In addition, 83 patients with typical symptoms were selected to form the control group, according to the parameters of age, sex, and the period of surgical activity. Preoperatively, all patients underwent a workup, including symptom assessment, barium swallow, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, esophageal manometry, and 24‐h pH recording or intraluminal impedance/pH monitoring in the absence of esophagitis. Patients with chronic cough also were administered a high‐resolution computed tomography scan of the chest, a methacholine challenge test, and spirometry. Surgery was performed on patients positive for gastroesophageal reflux disease and negative for pulmonary diseases. The patients were followed up for a median of 84 months after surgery.ResultsNo significant differences in preoperative reflux symptoms or esophagitis were found between the two groups. After surgery, chronic cough was absent in 57 (85 %) patients. Of the ten patients who still reported chronic cough, reflux symptoms relapsed in five, two of whom developed esophagitis. In the other five patients, typical symptoms were absent, and their chronic cough had improved but had not disappeared.ConclusionsSurgery is effective for the treatment of chronic cough secondary to gastroesophageal reflux disease, particularly if associated with severe and long‐standing typical symptoms.
Long‐Term Evolution of Acute Colonic Diverticulitis After Successful Medical Treatment
Authors: Trenti Loris , Kreisler Esther , Galvez Ana , Golda Thomas , Frago Ricardo , Biondo Sebastiano 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe evidence is sparse concerning the natural history of acute diverticulitis after successful conservative management. This observational study aimed to evaluate the rate, severity, and need of surgery for recurrence after a first episode of acute diverticulitis successfully managed conservatively.MethodsAll patients admitted for acute diverticulitis between 1994 and 2011 were considered for inclusion in the study. Severity of the first episode, demographic data, comorbidities, management, recurrence, and elective or emergency surgery during the follow‐up period were prospectively recorded.ResultsThe study included 560 patients. The mean follow‐up period was of 67.2 ± 44.4 months. Severe diverticulitis was diagnosed in 22.3 % of the cases. Recurrence was observed in 14.8 % of the patients, and the rate of severe recurrence was 3.4 %. Most of the recurrences occurred during the first year of follow‐up evaluation. Chronic corticoid therapy (P = 0.043) and the presence of more than one abscess (P < 0.001) were significantly related to recurrence. In the event of a mild recurrence, the first episode was either mild or severe (P = 0.172). In the case of severe recurrence, most patients presented with a previous severe diverticulitis (P < 0.001). During the follow‐up period, 6.8 % of the patients needed an elective operation, and 1.4 % of them underwent emergency surgery.ConclusionThe rate of severe recurrence after successful nonoperative management of acute diverticulitis was low, and emergency surgery was rare. Prophylactic surgery, even in cases of recovered severe diverticulitis, should be considered on a case‐by‐case basis. Strict follow‐up assessment during the first year is advised.
The Effects of Intrauterine Malnutrition on Birth and Fertility Outcomes: Evidence From the 1974 Bangladesh Famine
Authors: Hernández-Julián Rey , Mansour Hani , Peters Christina 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
This article uses the Bangladesh famine of 1974 as a natural experiment to estimate the impact of intrauterine malnutrition on sex of the child and infant mortality. In addition, we estimate the impact of malnutrition on post-famine pregnancy outcomes. Using the 1996 Matlab Health and Socioeconomic Survey (MHSS), we find that women who were pregnant during the famine were less likely to have male children. Moreover, children who were in utero during the most severe period of the Bangladesh famine were 32 % more likely to die within one month of birth compared with their siblings who were not in utero during the famine. Finally, we estimate the impacts of the famine on subsequent pregnancy outcomes. Controlling for pre-famine fertility, we find that women who were pregnant during the famine experienced a higher number of stillbirths in the post-famine years. This increase appears to be driven by an excess number of male stillbirths.
Prevalence of Mental Health Symptoms in Dutch Military Personnel Returning from Deployment to Afghanistan: A 2-year Longitudinal Analysis
Authors: Reijnen A. , Rademaker A.R. , Vermetten E. , Geuze E. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractObjective:Recent studies in troops deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan have shown that combat exposure and exposure to deployment-related stressors increase the risk for the development of mental health symptoms. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of mental health symptoms in a cohort of Dutch military personnel prior to and at multiple time-points after deployment.Methods:Military personnel (n= 994) completed various questionnaires at 5 time-points; starting prior to deployment and following the same cohort at 1 and 6 months and 1 and 2 years after their return from Afghanistan.Results:The prevalence of symptoms of fatigue, PTSD, hostility, depression and anxiety was found to significantly increase after deployment compared with pre-deployment rates. As opposed to depressive symptoms and fatigue, the prevalence of PTSD was found to decrease after the 6-month assessment. The prevalence of sleeping problems and hostility remained relatively stable.Conclusions:The prevalence of mental health symptoms in military personnel increases after deployment, however, symptoms progression over time appears to be specific for various mental health symptoms. Comprehensive screening and monitoring for a wide range of mental health symptoms at multiple time-points after deployment is essential for early detection and to provide opportunities for intervention.Declaration of interest:This project was funded by the Dutch Ministry of Defence.
Spatial and temporal postural analysis: a developmental study in healthy children
Authors: Gouleme Nathalie , Ezane Marie Désirée , Wiener‐Vacher Sylvette , Bucci Maria Pia 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore further the development of postural control in healthy children. The novelty of this study was to resort to both spatial and temporal analysis of the center of pressure (CoP).Forty‐six healthy children from 4 to 16 years old (mean age: 9.1 ± 3 years) and a group of 13 healthy adults (mean age: 25 ± 3 years) participated to this study. Postural control was tested on both a stable and an unstable platform in three different visual conditions: eyes open fixating a target, under optocinetic stimulation, and eyes closed.Resul*ts showed a significant decrease of both surface area as well as mean velocity of the center of pressure (CoP) during childhood. With the children's increasing age, the spectral power indices decreased significantly and the canceling time increased significantly.Such improvement in postural control could be due to a better use of sensorial inputs and cerebellar integration during development, allowing subjects to achieve more efficient postural control.
Increased cerebrospinal fluid calpain activity and microparticle levels in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Laske Christoph , Stellos Konstantinos , Kempter Ingrid , Stransky Elke , Maetzler Walter , Fleming Ingrid , Randriamboavonjy Voahanginirina 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundCalpain has been associated with the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and with apoptotic neuronal cell death leading to microparticles (MPs) formation.MethodsA total of 64 patients with AD and 52 age‐ and gender‐matched cognitively healthy elderly controls were included in the study. We measured calpain activity and levels of MPs, amyloid beta (Aβ1–42), h‐tau, and p‐tau181.ResultsAD patients showed significantly increased calpain activity and higher levels of MPs in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and significantly decreased calpain activity and lower levels of MPs in serum and plasma compared with healthy controls. Combined assessment of calpain activity and Aβ1–42 levels in CSF improved diagnostic accuracy as compared with singular or combined traditional CSF biomarkers of AD.ConclusionsThis is the first study showing increased calpain activity and microparticle levels in CSF of AD patients. Calpain activity could represent a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and promising treatment target for AD.
Spinning detonation, cross-currents, and the Chapman–Jouguet velocity
Authors: Kurosaka M. , Tsuboi N. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractInterestingly, the Chapman–Jouguet detonation velocity ($\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}D_{CJ}$) based on a one-dimensional and steady model compares well with the measured data. For the spinning detonation, in particular, this agreement is particularly notable, since the flow is highly three-dimensional and unsteady; perpendicular to the leading shock front, a transverse detonation wave (TDW) spins periodically. In the wake of this TDW, a secondary flow, called here the cross-current, appears which is orthogonal to the leading shock. Despite the presence of these cross-currents, the $D_{CJ}$ agreement remains remarkably satisfactory, and we investigate the reason for this, for spinning detonation in a tube. First, we focus on the origin of the cross-current. The cross-current, driven by the shock pressure, arises initially across a warped shock frontal surface, and both its sign and magnitude depend on the local slopes of the shock surface. The cross-current undergoes further pressure-driven transitions, with its magnitude eventually diminishing downstream and reducing the flow to a quasi-one-dimensional one. Second, regarding the unsteadiness, under the assumptions that the TDW spins at constant angular wave speed and the flow is steady in the frame rotating with it, the unsteady energy equation becomes integrable, resulting in the invariance of the so-called rothalpy. Also, in the integral forms of the mass and momentum balance, the unsteady terms drop out. Taken together, in the far field the governing equations are reduced to being one-dimensional and steady. From these the $D_{CJ}$ follows immediately, which appears to be the reason for the enduring usefulness of the $D_{CJ}$. The results of the analysis are confirmed with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Additionally, the area-averaged flow profiles are found to display more than a passing resemblance to the Zeldovitch–Von Neumann–Doering (ZND) model.
On the emergence of non-classical decay regimes in multiscale/fractal generated isotropic turbulence
Authors: Meldi Marcello , Lejemble Hugo , Sagaut Pierre 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe present paper addresses the issue of finding key parameters that may lead to the occurrence of non-classical decay regimes for fractal/multiscale generated grid turbulence. To this aim, a database of numerical simulations has been generated by the use of the eddy-damped quasi-normal Markovian (EDQNM) model. The turbulence production in the wake of the fractal/multiscale grid is modelled via a turbulence production term based on the forcing term developed for direct numerical simulations (DNS) purposes and the dynamics of self-similar wakes. The sensitivity of the numerical results to the simulation parameters has been investigated successively. The analysis is based on the observation of both the time evolution of the turbulent energy spectrum $\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}E(k,t)$ and the decay of the flow statistical quantities, such as the turbulent kinetic energy $\mathcal{K}(t)$ and the energy dissipation rate $\varepsilon (t)$. A satisfactory agreement with existing experimental data published by different research teams is observed. In particular, it is observed that the key parameter that governs the nature of turbulence decay is $\alpha ={d/U_{\infty }}\, {(\varepsilon (0)/\mathcal{K}(0))}={d/L(0)} \, {(\sqrt{\mathcal{K}(0)}/U_{\infty })}$ (with $d$ the bar diameter and $U_{\infty }$ the upstream uniform velocity), which measures the ratio of the time scale largest grid bar $d/U_{\infty }$ to the turbulent time scale $\mathcal{K}(0)/\varepsilon (0)$. Two asymptotic behaviours for $\alpha \rightarrow + \infty $ and $\alpha \rightarrow 0$ are identified: (i) a fast algebraic decay law regime for rapidly decaying production terms, due to strongly modified initial kinetic energy spectrum and (ii) a real exponential decay regime associated with strong, very slowly decaying production terms. The present observations are in full agreement with conclusions drawn from recent fractal grid experiments, and it provides a physical scenario for occurrence of anomalous decay regime which encompasses previous hypotheses.
Association between dietary calcium intake and arterial stiffness according to dietary vitamin D intake in men
Authors: Uemura Hirokazu , Katsuura-Kamano Sakurako , Yamaguchi Miwa , Nakamoto Mariko , Hiyoshi Mineyoshi , Arisawa Kokichi 
Published: September 2014

Studies on the associations of dietary Ca and vitamin D intakes with arterial stiffness are scarce. In the present study, these associations were evaluated in Japanese men. Data from a total of 535 eligible men, aged 35–69 years, who participated in the baseline survey of a cohort study in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan, and underwent brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV) measurements were analysed. ba-PWV is a measure of arterial stiffness and is recognised as a marker of atherosclerotic vascular damage. Information regarding the cohort's lifestyle characteristics including dietary behaviour over the past year was obtained from a structured self-administered questionnaire. Dietary Ca and vitamin D intakes were adjusted for total energy intake using the residual method and divided into quartiles; the highest quartile was used as the reference. General linear models were used to evaluate the associations between dietary Ca and vitamin D intakes and ba-PWV values adjusted for probable covariates. The association between dietary Ca intake and ba-PWV was further evaluated using similar general linear models stratified by dietary vitamin D intake (median or below/above median). Dietary Ca intake was found to be significantly inversely associated with ba-PWV after adjusting for probable covariates (P for trend = 0·020). However, no such association was observed between dietary vitamin D intake and ba-PWV. The inverse association between dietary Ca intake and ba-PWV was striking in subjects with higher dietary vitamin D intake. However, no association was found in subjects with lower dietary vitamin D intake. These results indicate that adequate dietary Ca and vitamin D intakes may be protective against the development of arterial stiffness in Japanese men.