bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Human-Care Robot Services for the Elderly: An Experimental Study
Authors: Cho Miyoung , Kim Dohyung , Jang Minsu , Lee Jaeyeon , Kim Jaehong , Yun Woo-han , Yoon Youngwoo , Jang Jinhyeok , Park Chankyu , Ko Woo-Ri , Jang Jaeyoon , Yoon Ho-Sub , Lee Daeha , Jang Choulsoo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe increase in elderly population is emerging as a serious social issue. The coronavirus pandemic has increased the number of elderly people suffering from depression and loneliness owing to the lack of face-to-face activities. In this study, we developed an integrated system for the human-care robot service, considering cognitive and emotional support for elderly people, and verified its stability and usefulness in the real world. We recruited 40 elderly people for an apartment testbed environment experiment and two elderly people living alone for a long time participated in the experiment at their homes. Quantitative experimental results were analyzed by comparing service success rates and user satisfaction in two different test environments to verify the stability of the service. Qualitative evaluations were also conducted through surveys and interviews to assess the usefulness of the service.
Effects of Edge Radius and Coating Thickness on the Cutting Performance of AlCrN-Coated Tool
Authors: Malekan Mohammad , Ilvig Charlotte F. , Aghababaei Ramin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHigh-speed machining is a practical way to attain high productivity with lower costs. Under this condition, the tool geometry needs to be optimized to sustain high cutting forces and temperatures. The sharpness of the cutting edge and the coating thickness (CT) are two key parameters that affect the tool’s performance. While a sharp edge eases the cutting process, it causes a high stress concentration, which increases the wear rate and eventual edge fracture. In this study, we use a combination of finite element simulations and experimental testing to evaluate the effects of CT ( 1–3 μm), edge radius ($$r_{\beta }$$

r
β

, 6–15 μm), and coefficient of friction ($$\upmu = 0 - 0.2$$

μ
=
0
-
0.2

) on the stress distribution at the cutting edge. Our simulations showed that the larger the CT, the higher the stress magnitude inside the coating, but the lower the maximum stress depth percentile. Considering an industrial case of cutting steel workpieces using AlCrN-coated tungsten carbide tools under given cutting parameters, our simulations suggested an optimum CT of 3 μm. By manufacturing a series of milling tools with different CTs and edge radii, we validated the simulation results using a set of well-controlled milling experiments. Finally, the edge radius should be selected considering the size of rake/flank angle mainly to control stress distribution over the cutting edge.
Chemotherapy’s effects on autophagy in the treatment of Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a scoping review
Authors: Wahyudianingsih Roro , Sanjaya Ardo , Jonathan Timothy , Pranggono Emmy Hermiyanti , Achmad Dimyati , Hernowo Bethy Suryawathy 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Classical Hodgkin Lymphomas (HL) are a unique malignant growth with an excellent initial prognosis. However, 10–30% of patients will still relapse after remission. One primary cellular function that has been the focus of tumor progression is autophagy. This process can preserve cellular homeostasis under stressful conditions. Several studies have shown that autophagy may play a role in developing HL. Therefore, this review aimed to explore chemotherapy’s effect on autophagy in HL, and the effects of autophagy on HL.

Methods
A scoping review in line with the published PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) was conducted. A literature search was conducted on the MEDLINE database and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). All results were retrieved and screened, and the resulting articles were synthesized narratively.

Results
The results showed that some cancer chemotherapy also induces autophagic flux. Although the data on HL is limited, since the mechanisms of action of these drugs are similar, we can infer a similar relationship. However, this increased autophagy activity may reflect a mechanism for increasing tumor growth or a cellular compensation to inhibit its growth. Although evidence supports both views, we argued that autophagy allowed cancer cells to resist cell death, mainly due to DNA damage caused by cytotoxic drugs.

Conclusion
Autophagy reflects the cell’s adaptation to survive and explains why chemotherapy generally induces autophagy functions. However, further research on autophagy inhibition is needed as it presents a viable treatment strategy, especially against drug-resistant populations that may arise from HL chemotherapy regimens.
Efficacy and safety of tislelizumab plus bacillus-calmette guérin with or without chemotherapy as a bladder-sparing treatment for high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder urothelial cancer: a real-world study
Authors: Wu Peng , Zhang Wei , Hu Wei , Cao Yitong , Wang Jia , Yu Lei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite adequate transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) followed by intravesical bacillus-calmette guérin (BCG), high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (HR-NMIBC) is associated with high rates of recurrence and progression. Immune checkpoint inhibitors can improve antitumor activity in bladder cancer, but relevant evidence in HR-NMIBC is limited. Thus, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of the tislelizumab-based combination regimen in HR-NMIBC.

Methods
A retrospective study included 21 patients diagnosed with HR-NMIBC between July 2020 and September 2022. All patients underwent TURBT followed by combination regimens of tislelizumab plus BCG with or without gemcitabine/cisplatin (GC) chemotherapy. Clinical Data on demographics and characteristics, treatment information, outcomes, and safety were collected and analyzed.

Results
Among the 21 patients with HR-NMIBC, the median age was 63 years (range 39–85), with the majority of patients with stage T1 (16/21, 76.19%). The median treatment of tislelizumab was 5 cycles (range 1–12) and the median number of BCG instillations was 12 times (range 2–19). Of the 21 patients, 15 (71.43%) received combination chemotherapy with GC, with a median treatment of 2 cycles (range 0–7); others did not. Overall, after the median follow-up of 25 months (range 7–31), the estimated 2-year bladder recurrence-free survival rate was 78.64% (95% confidence intervals [CIs], 50.79–91.83%), 2-year cystectomy-free survival rate was 83.00% (95% CI 53.53–94.59%), and 2-year disease-free survival rate was 73.39% (95% CI 46.14–88.36%). Sixteen stage T1 patients achieved a distant metastasis-free survival rate of 95.45% (95% CI 71.87–99.34%) at 2 years. Fourteen (66.67%) patients experienced at least one treatment related-AEs (TRAEs), with 9.52% (2/21) of grade 3–4. Grade ≥ 3 TRAEs were hypophysitis (1/21, 4.76%) and myasthenia (1/21, 4.76%). No treatment-related deaths were observed.

Conclusions
The study demonstrated promising clinical benefits and a manageable safety profile of tislelizumab-based combination regimen as a bladder-sparing treatment of HR-NMIBC.
Mitochondrial Adaptation in Skeletal Muscle: Impact of Obesity, Caloric Restriction, and Dietary Compounds
Authors: Jun Lauren , Tao Ya-Xiong , Geetha Thangiah , Babu Jeganathan Ramesh 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The global obesity epidemic has become a major public health concern, necessitating comprehensive research into its adverse effects on various tissues within the human body. Among these tissues, skeletal muscle has gained attention due to its susceptibility to obesity-related alterations. Mitochondria are primary source of energy production in the skeletal muscle. Healthy skeletal muscle maintains constant mitochondrial content through continuous cycle of synthesis and degradation. However, obesity has been shown to disrupt this intricate balance. This review summarizes recent findings on the impact of obesity on skeletal muscle mitochondria structure and function. In addition, we summarize the molecular mechanism of mitochondrial quality control systems and how obesity impacts these systems.

Recent Findings
Recent findings show various interventions aimed at mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction in obese model, encompassing strategies including caloric restriction and various dietary compounds.

Summary
Obesity has deleterious effect on skeletal muscle mitochondria by disrupting mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics. Caloric restriction, omega-3 fatty acids, resveratrol, and other dietary compounds enhance mitochondrial function and present promising therapeutic opportunities.
Artificial neural network for predicting the performance of waste polypropylene plastic-derived carbon nanotubes
Authors: Modekwe H. U. , Akintola A. T. , Ayeleru O. O. , Mamo M. A. , Daramola M. O. , Moothi K. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this study, an artificial neural network model using function fitting neural networks was developed to describe the yield and quality of multi-walled carbon nanotubes deposited over NiMo/CaTiO3 catalyst using waste polypropylene plastics as cheap hydrocarbon feedstock using a single-stage chemical vapour deposition technique. The experimental dataset was developed using a user-specific design with four numeric factors (input variable): synthesis temperature, furnace heating rate, residence time, and carrier gas (nitrogen) flow rate to control the performance (yield and quality) of produced carbon nanotubes. Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm was utilized in training, validating, and testing the experimental dataset. The predicted model gave a considerable correlation coefficient (R) value close to 1. The presented model would be of remarkable benefit to successfully describe and predict the performance of polypropylene-derived carbon nanotubes and show how the predictive variables could affect the response variables (quality and yield) of carbon nanotubes.
An Examination of John Henryism in Adults Living with Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Abdallah Khadijah E. , Cooper Kayla E. , Buscetta Ashley J. , Ramirez Hasmin C. , Neighbors Harold W. , Bonham Vence L. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
John Henryism (JH) is a behavioral predisposition for high-effort coping with adversity. JH has been associated with hypertension in Black Americans with low socioeconomic status (SES) and is also found to be associated with psychological well-being. Sickle cell disease (SCD), a rare genetic disease largely affecting Black Americans in the United States, presents as a chronic condition that may benefit from a deeper understanding of the impact of JH on overall health.

Purpose
This study examined the association between high and low JH and diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, hypertension prevalence, and sleep function. We relied on the biopsychosocial transaction model to adjust for relevant clinical and sociodemographic variables.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional secondary analysis of 274 adults with SCD living in the United States and recruited between 2014 and 2020. Study visits consisted of physical examinations, medical history, demographic, and psychosocial questionnaires. Adjusted linear regressions estimated associations between high and low JH and diastolic and systolic blood pressure as well as self-reported sleep function. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations with hypertension prevalence.

Results
High JH was significantly associated with lower diastolic blood pressure (β =  − 2.98; 95% confidence interval =  − 5.92, − 0.04) but higher sleep dysfunction (β = 2.76; 95% confidence interval = 1.45, 4.07).

Conclusions
Overall, we found positive psychological coping resources associated with high JH, with the exception of sleep.
Trial Registration.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02156102.
Highly Efficient Back-End-of-Line Compatible Flexible Si-Based Optical Memristive Crossbar Array for Edge Neuromorphic Physiological Signal Processing and Bionic Machine Vision
Authors: Kumar Dayanand , Li Hanrui , Kumbhar Dhananjay D. , Rajbhar Manoj Kumar , Das Uttam Kumar , Syed Abdul Momin , Melinte Georgian , El-Atab Nazek 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe emergence of the Internet-of-Things is anticipated to create a vast market for what are known as smart edge devices, opening numerous opportunities across countless domains, including personalized healthcare and advanced robotics. Leveraging 3D integration, edge devices can achieve unprecedented miniaturization while simultaneously boosting processing power and minimizing energy consumption. Here, we demonstrate a back-end-of-line compatible optoelectronic synapse with a transfer learning method on health care applications, including electroencephalogram (EEG)-based seizure prediction, electromyography (EMG)-based gesture recognition, and electrocardiogram (ECG)-based arrhythmia detection. With experiments on three biomedical datasets, we observe the classification accuracy improvement for the pretrained model with 2.93% on EEG, 4.90% on ECG, and 7.92% on EMG, respectively. The optical programming property of the device enables an ultra-low power (2.8 × 10−13 J) fine-tuning process and offers solutions for patient-specific issues in edge computing scenarios. Moreover, the device exhibits impressive light-sensitive characteristics that enable a range of light-triggered synaptic functions, making it promising for neuromorphic vision application. To display the benefits of these intricate synaptic properties, a 5 × 5 optoelectronic synapse array is developed, effectively simulating human visual perception and memory functions. The proposed flexible optoelectronic synapse holds immense potential for advancing the fields of neuromorphic physiological signal processing and artificial visual systems in wearable applications.
Modelling of phase transformations occurring in the process of austempered ductile iron manufacturing
Authors: Olejarczyk-Wożeńska Izabela , Mrzygłód Barbara , Adrian Henryk 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe paper presents mathematical models and their implementation in C # language describing the phase transformations occurring in the process of austempered ductile iron (ADI) manufacture. The research includes two main stages: austenitization and isothermal holding at the bainitic range. The influence of free energy of austenite and ferrite on transformations was taken into account. Parameters of models were identified based on inverse analysis and experimental research. As part of the research, verification and validation of the developed models was carried out based on the results of experimental research. The tool developed and implemented enables the analysis of phase transformations occurring during heat treatment with isothermal holding of ductile iron with Ni addition.
Cellular Senescence-Related Long Non-coding RNA Signatures Predict Prognosis in Juvenile Osteosarcoma
Authors: Zhao Peng , Chang Junli , Chen YeKai , Sun Xingyuan , Ma Xiaoping , Zhou Chujie , Zhou Lei , Wang Yongjun , Yang Yanping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOsteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor and is frequently diagnosed in juvenile. Cellular senescence is a fundamental hallmark of osteosarcoma and plays a vital role in the initiation and progression of aging and tumorigenesis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in tumorigenesis. In this study, six cellular senescence-related lncRNAs with independent prognostic significance in juvenile osteosarcoma patients were identified through univariate Cox regression analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Prognostic significance was further confirmed by Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival curves, co-expression interaction networks, and sankey diagrams. A prognostic model of cellular senescence-related genes in juvenile osteosarcoma patients was then constructed using multivariate Cox regression analysis based on these six genes. High- and low-risk groups were identified according to the median risk score calculated by the prognostic model. The favorable prognostic significance of this model was demonstrated through survival curves, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, distribution scatter plots and lncRNA expression heatmaps. Furthermore, cellular senescence-related lncRNAs were validated by enrichment analysis, immunological correlation analysis, m6A correlation analysis, and drug sensitivity correlation analysis. These findings are important for improving the prognosis of juvenile osteosarcoma patients and understanding the mechanisms underlying cellular senescence in juvenile osteosarcoma development.
Integrating classical Chinese philosophy with (Kantian) pragmatist metaphysics: comments on JeeLoo Liu’s essay
Authors: Pihlström Sami 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper is a brief comment on JeeLoo Liu’s interpretation of classical Chinese philosophy, especially Wang Yangming’s (1472–1529) views, in terms of pragmatist metaphysics primarily drawn from William James and Hilary Putnam. Liu’s reading of Wang Yangming both in the context of the Chinese tradition and in relation to pragmatism is most welcome as a novel contribution to comparative and intercultural philosophy. However, in such comparisons, we also have to be careful to avoid anachronistically attributing, e.g., Kantian and/or pragmatist ideas to earlier thinkers coming from a very different cultural context.
Carbon materials in current zinc ion energy storage devices towards sustainability
Authors: Yang Yujiao , Xiao Yiyang , Nie Xiaoxin , Yao Meng , Liang Hanfeng , Yuan Du 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEmerging energy storage devices are vital approaches towards peak carbon dioxide emissions. Zinc-ion energy storage devices (ZESDs), including zinc ion capacitors and zinc ion batteries, are being intensely pursued due to their abundant resources, economic effectiveness, high safety, and environmental friendliness. Carbon materials play their important role in the development of ZESDs, from cathode, electrolyte, to metallic Zn anode. Though thrilling development has been achieved in ZESDs, they still face the challenges of unsatisfactory capacity and kinetics for cathode, and irreversibility and low utilization rate of Zn anode. Hence, the roles of carbon materials in ZESDs are systematically discussed, starting with investigating carbons with different dimensions as cathodes and the corresponding strategies to improve their performance. Also, carbons as coatings or skeletons for other types of cathode materials are introduced. Besides, the functions of carbons in electrolyte development are explored. Further, the influence of carbon materials on Zn anode is elucidated with the corresponding operational mechanisms. Finally, an outlook for carbon materials in ZESDs is provided. We envision the presented minireview can pay way on exploring novel carbon research towards next-generation energy storage technologies.
The Interannual Variability of Global Burned Area Is Mostly Explained by Climatic Drivers
Authors: Gincheva Andrina , Pausas Juli G. , Torres‐Vázquez Miguel Ángel , Bedia Joaquín , Vicente‐Serrano Sergio M. , Abatzoglou John T. , Sánchez‐Espigares Josep A. , Chuvieco Emilio , Jerez Sonia , Provenzale Antonello , Trigo Ricardo M. , Turco Marco 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBetter understanding how fires respond to climate variability is an issue of current interest in light of ongoing climate change. However, evaluating the global‐scale temporal variability of fires in response to climate presents a challenge due to the intricate processes at play and the limitation of fire data. Here, we investigate the links between year‐to‐year variability of burned area (BA) and climate using BA data, the Fire Weather Index (FWI), and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) from 2001 to 2021 at ecoregion scales. Our results reveal complex spatial patterns in the dependence of BA variability on antecedent and concurrent weather conditions, highlighting where BA is mostly influenced by either FWI or SPEI and where the combined effect of both indicators must be considered. Our findings indicate that same‐season weather conditions have a more pronounced relationship with BA across various ecoregions, particularly in climatologically wetter areas. Additionally, we note that BA is also significantly associated with periods of antecedent wetness and coolness, with this association being especially evident in more arid ecoregions. About 60% of the interannual variations in BA can be explained by climatic variability in a large fraction (∼77%) of the world's burnable regions.
Paleozoic Episodic Magmatism in Western Tianshan: Insight Into Assembling the Northeastern Pangea
Authors: Wang Kai , Cai Keda , Sun Min , Lai Chun‐Kit , Xia Xiao‐Ping , Wang Xiangsong , Bao Zihe 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe late‐stage union of Pangea was associated with the convergence of Siberia with Laurussia, but the exact timing remains unclear. The orogenic duration of the Kazakhstan block can provide geochronological constraints as it connects Siberia, Baltica, and Tarim. Zircon petrochronology offers a reliable approach for ascertaining the lifespan of an ancient orogen. In this study, we explore three phases of magmatism recorded in detrital zircons from late Paleozoic and Mesozoic sandstone‐siltstones in Western Tianshan, that is, 400–470 Ma, 320–380 Ma, and 280–320 Ma. Based on their age‐propagated Hf isotopes, melt SiO2 contents, and crustal thicknesses, our findings suggest that the southern limb of Kazakhstan underwent the early Paleozoic amalgamation of microcontinents with arcs, the late Paleozoic maturation of an Andean‐like continental arc, and the late Carboniferous collision of Kazakhstan with the Junggar oceanic basin and the Tarim craton. Such characteristics manifest the long‐term orogenic progression of Kazakhstan. Combining published timelines and paleolatitudes of major orogens and blocks, we propose that the Kazakhstan block welded northeastern Pangea along with the cessation of these orogenic activities around it. Consequently, by docking Kazakhstan with surrounding cratons, the fundamental configuration of Pangea could have been established in the late Carboniferous.
Convective Initiation Nowcasting in South China Using Physics‐Augmented Random Forest Models and Geostationary Satellites
Authors: Yang Chunlei , Yuan Huiling , Zhang Feng , Xie Meng , Wang Yan , Jiang Geng‐Ming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractConvective initiation (CI) nowcasting in subtropical regions often faces challenges, such as complex physical processes and imbalanced samples of CI events, resulting in a high false alarm ratio (FAR). In this paper, we propose a Storm Warning System with Physics‐Augmentation (SWASP) based on the random forest algorithm and cloud physical conditions, using Himawari‐8 Advanced Himawari Imager data from April to September 2019 in South China. The cloud physical conditions (e.g., cloud‐top cooling rates) were investigated to establish regional thresholds for convection occurrence. Ancillary information, including elevation, satellite zenith angle, and latitude, was also incorporated into the SWASP model. Compared to conventional methods, the SWASP model exhibits an improved probability of detection by 0.11 and 0.08 and a decreased FAR by 0.38 and 0.44 for daytime and nighttime forecasts. Moreover, the SWASP model enables the detection of local convective storm systems about 30 min to 1 hr ahead of radar detection in typical convective storm cases. This study contributes to further advancements of the SWASP model by incorporating physical conditions and emphasizes the potential application of geostationary satellites in convective early warnings.