bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A short and highly efficient identity‐based designated verifier proxy signature scheme
Authors: Hu Xiaoming , Wang Jian , Xu Huajie , Tan Wenan 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn an identity‐based designated verifier proxy signature (ID‐DVPS) scheme, only a designated verifier can verify the validity of a proxy signed message, which is suitable for many applications such as electronic voting (e‐voting) and software licensing. On the basis of the requirements for actual applications, till now, many ID‐DVPS schemes have been proposed. However, it has been found that most of existed ID‐DVPS schemes have at least one of the following disadvantages: informal security proof, which makes these schemes vulnerable to attack, so they cannot be applied in practical environments; high computation and communication cost, which limits their practical applications especially in limited resource environments. In this paper, in order to obtain better properties of ID‐DVPS scheme, we propose a novel ID‐DVPS scheme. Compared with other existed ID‐DVPS schemes, our scheme not only has lower computational cost but also has shorter signature size (only one element is needed for a signature). What is more, we present a formal definition of security model for ID‐DVPS scheme and show a formal security proof of our new scheme based on the bilinear Diffie–Hellman assumption in the random oracle model. Additionally, we also present an instance of applying our ID‐DVPS scheme to e‐voting. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Liquid dynamics: challenges for sustainability in the water domain
Authors: Mehta Lyla , Movik Synne 
Published: June 2014

Water is essential for human well‐being and is a basic asset for productive livelihoods in many developing countries. It is also key to realizing most of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Although the water MDG was met in 2010, 768 million people around the globe still lack access to safe and adequate water. Huge disparities continue to exist in access between rural and urban areas and rich and poor, as well as inherent social and gender inequalities. We argue that debates about access have so far paid insufficient attention to the long‐term sustainability of systems and services for accessing water. They have also neglected issues concerning uncertainty and social, environmental, and technological dynamics—particularly through addressing power imbalances and enhancing equity. There are two main reasons for this. One, discourses on access tend to be globalized and general, often disconnected from people's lived realities. Two, the dynamic interaction among social, technical, and ecological/hydrological dimensions of water across multiple scales is not adequately taken account of. There is a variety of different pathways in which water systems of access might develop. There are also multiple understandings and framings of water, and the gathering of knowledge about such diverse understandings implies that appraisal of access needs to broaden up to include a wider range of perspectives to inform policy and political discourse. We thus introduce the concept of ‘Liquid Dynamics’ to capture an understanding of sustainability that takes on board issues of uncertainty, complexity, local knowledge, equity, gender, and power relations. WIREs Water 2014, 1:369–384. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1031This article is categorized under:

Human Water > Rights to Water
Engineering Water > Sustainable Engineering of Water
Engineering Water > Water, Health, and Sanitation
Prefetching for mobile web album
Authors: Lin Yi‐Bing , Huang Po‐Kao 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA web album service allows a user to publish photo albums on the web and view albums of other users. Through broadband mobile telecom, users can enjoy watching contents of web albums at any place in real time. User experience on mobile web album is affected by the transmission delay of mobile network, which determines whether the user needs to wait to view the images. We propose a prefetching mechanism that enhances user experience on accessing mobile web albums. A transmission control protocol‐like sliding window protocol (of size N) is exercised, and when the buffer for the sliding window at the user equipment is full, prefetching is suspended. The buffer size N affects the prefetching performance. The larger the N value, the better the user experience. However, a large N value means that many images will be prefetched. If they are not actually viewed by the user, the network resources for transmitting these images are wasted. This paper proposes both analytic and simulation models to select the smallest N (the optimal N value) so that the expected user experience can be achieved. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of Substituents on Topology and in situ Amide Hydrolysis on Cadmium Isophthalate Coordination Polymers Prepared Using a 4‐Pyridylnicotinamide Precursor
Authors: O'Donovan Megan E. , Kraft Peter E. , Mizzi Jessica E. , LaDuca Robert L. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractHydrothermal reactions of cadmium nitrate and 4‐pyridylnicotinamide (4‐pna) with a 5‐substituted isophthalic acid derivative afforded four coordination polymers, whose structural chemistry depends on the nature of the substituent. The crystalline phases produced using bromo and carboxylic acid substituents, [Cd(Brip)(4‐pna)]n (1) (Brip = 5‐bromoisophthalate) and [Cd(Hbtc)(4‐pna)]n (2) (btc = 1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxylate), have similar structural chemistry. They both exhibit anti‐syn {Cd2(OCO)2} dimeric units that serve as 6‐connected nodes for 3D twofold interpenetrated 41263 pcu networks, which are constructed by the linkage of [Cd2(carboxylate)2]n ribbons by tethering 4‐pna ligands. An in situ amide hydrolysis of the 4‐pna precursor was observed when a bulkier substituent (tert‐butyl or methoxy) was utilized. The resulting nicotinate (nic) anions were incorporated into {[Cd2(tbip)(nic)2(H2O)4]·H2O}n (3) (tbip = 5‐tert‐butylisophthalate) and [Cd2(meoip)(nic)2(H2O)2]n (4) (meoip = 5‐methoxyisophthalate) which both display an overall (6,3) hexagonal grid layered topology. However, 3 shows isolated cadmium atoms while 4 manifests {Cd2(OCO)2} anti‐syn bridged dimeric clusters. Luminescent and thermal properties of these materials are also reported.
The risks for adolescents of negatively biased self‐evaluations of social competence: The mediating role of social support
Authors: Bédard Karine , Bouffard Thérèse , Pansu Pascal 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTThis study conducted among 544 adolescents (M = 15.1 years, SD = .82) examined whether perceived social support from parents and peers mediated the relationship between biased self‐evaluations of social competence and internalizing problems. The results showed negative links between bias in self‐evaluation and depressive symptoms, social anxiety and social avoidance. Bias in self‐evaluation of social competence was more strongly related to perceived peer support than perceived parental support. Gender differences were observed in the mediating role of social support. Among boys, parental support was a partial mediator only of the link between bias in self‐evaluation and depressive symptoms. While perceived peer support was a partial mediator of the links between bias in self‐evaluation and depressive symptoms, social anxiety and social avoidance in girls, this was the case only for social avoidance in boys. These findings suggest that girls may show vulnerability to peer emotional support at an earlier age than boys.
Non‐suicidal self‐injury in adolescence: A longitudinal study of the relationship between NSSI, psychological distress and perceived parenting
Authors: Baetens Imke , Claes Laurence , Onghena Patrick , Grietens Hans , Van Leeuwen Karla , Pieters Ciska , Wiersema Jan R. , Griffith James W. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe present study investigates whether either adolescents' psychological distress and/or perceived parenting predicted the occurrence of NSSI. Furthermore, the consequences of NSSI are examined in a three‐wave longitudinal study.DesignThe sample at time 1 (age 12) consisted of 1396 adolescent reports and 1438 parent reports. At time 2 (age 13), 827 adolescent reports and 936 parent reports were obtained. Time 3 (age 14) included 754 adolescent reports and 790 parent reports. Psychological distress of adolescents was measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Perceived parenting behaviors were examined by the Parental Behavior Scale and the Psychological Control Scale.ResultsA total of 10% of the adolescents engaged in NSSI at least once before age 15. Higher psychological distress of adolescents at time 1 was associated with the presence of NSSI at time 2 or 3. The association between psychological distress at time 1 and perception of decreased parental rule setting at time 3 was mediated by the presence of NSSI at time 2.ConclusionsThe present study showed that psychological distress at age 12 predicts NSSI over time and that parental awareness of NSSI changes the perception of parenting behaviors.
On Clark's theorem and its applications to partially sublinear problems
Authors: Liu Zhaoli , Wang Zhi-Qiang 
Published: June 2014

In critical point theory, Clark's theorem asserts the existence of a sequence of negative critical values tending to

0

for even coercive functionals. We improve Clark's theorem, showing that such a functional has a sequence of critical points tending to

0

. Our result also gives more detailed structure of the set of critical points near the origin. An extension of Clark's theorem is also given. Our abstract results are powerful in applications, and thus lead to much stronger results than those in the literature on existence of infinitely many solutions for partially sublinear problems such as elliptic equations and Hamiltonian systems.

Résumé

En théorie des points critiques, le théorème de Clark assure l'existence d'une suite de valeurs critiques négatives tendant vers

0

pour des fonctionnelles paires et coercitives. Nous étendons le théorème de Clark en montrant qu'une telle fonctionnelle possède une suite de points critiques tendant vers

0

. Notre résultat permet aussi une description plus précise de l'ensemble des points critiques autour de l'origine. Une extension du théorème de Clark est aussi donnée. Nos résultats abstraits s'avèrent puissants dans les applications et conduisent à des résultats nouveaux concernant l'existence d'une infinité de solutions pour des problèmes partiellement sous linéaires comme des équations elliptiques ou des systèmes hamiltoniens.
Acknowledging HIV and malaria as major causes of maternal mortality in Mozambique
Authors: Singh Kavita , Moran Allisyn , Story William , Bailey Patricia , Chavane Leonardo 
Published: June 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo review national data on HIV and malaria as causes of maternal death and to determine the importance of looking at maternal mortality at a subnational level in Mozambique.MethodsThree national data surveys were used to document HIV and malaria as causes of maternal mortality and to assess HIV and malaria prevention services for pregnant women. Data were collected between 2007 and 2011, and included population‐level verbal autopsy data and household survey data.ResultsVerbal autopsy data indicated that 18.2% of maternal deaths were due to HIV and 23.1% were due to malaria. Only 19.6% of recently pregnant women received at least two doses of sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine for intermittent preventive treatment, and only 42.3% of pregnant women were sleeping under an insecticide‐treated net. Only 37.5% of recently pregnant women had been counseled, tested, and received an HIV test result. Coverage of prevention services varied substantially by province.ConclusionTriangulation of information on cause of death and coverage of interventions can enable appropriate targeting of maternal health interventions. Such information could also help countries in Sub‐Saharan Africa to recognize and take action against malaria and HIV in an effort to decrease maternal mortality.
Clinical-pathological and p53 protein expression study in dysplasia associated with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Baldin Júnior Antônio , Telles José Ederaldo Queiroz , de Araújo Bonardi Renato , dos Santos Amarante Heda Maria Barska , Baldin Rosimeri Kuhl Svoboda 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Background The association between ulcerative colitis and adenocarcinoma determined strategies for patient follow-up and early detection of dysplastic and neoplastic lesions.
Aims To analyze the incidence of dysplasia in patients with ulcerative colitis, comparing clinical data of patients with and without dysplasia and check immunohistochemical expression of p53 protein in dysplasias.
Materials and methods We analyzed biopsy samples and clinical data of 124 patients with ulcerative colitis at Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
Results Dysplasia incidence was low (9.67%) and all cases with low-grade dysplasia. Patients clinical data comparison with and without dysplasia did not show significant statistical differences with regard to the race, age at the start of the disease, age at last biopsy, duration and anatomic extent of ulcerative colitis. Significant difference was found between males and females with predominance of males (58.34%) for dysplasia. Seventeenth biopsy samples of 12 patients with dysplasia, 5 (29.4%) were p53 positive.
Conclusions From these results it is concluded that the incidence of dysplasia was low, higher in males and there was positivity of p53 protein in dysplasia.
Relation between frequency of activated partial prothrombin time measurements and clinical outcomes in patients after initiation of dabigatran: A two‐center cooperative study
Authors: Yamashita Takeshi , Horinaka Shigeo , Matsuhashi Noritaka , Suzuki Naoko , Suzuki Shinya , Ohtsuka Takayuki , Sagara Kouichi 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundAlthough activated partial prothrombin time (aPTT) has often been used as a biomarker for evaluating the safety of dabigatran use in patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), the optimal frequency of aPTT measurements is unclear. This study aimed to identify the frequency distribution of aPTT measurements in clinical practice and its clinical significance.MethodsThis was a retrospective cooperative study conducted in 2 sites. All NVAF patients who underwent aPTT measurements before and after dabigatran treatment were included (n=380). The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the frequency of aPTT measurements during the first 3 months after drug prescription: Group A: infrequent group with only 1 measurement; and Group B: frequent group with ≥2 measurements. The clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between the groups.ResultsThe frequency of aPTT measurements in the 3 months after dabigatran initiation varied: 240 patients underwent 1 measurement (Group A), and the remaining 140 patients underwent repeated measurements (Group B). There were significant differences in age and creatinine clearance (Ccr) between the groups (Group A vs. Group B: age 64.0±11.7 vs. 67.0±11.1 years, p=0.01; Ccr 83.8±30.3 vs.76.7±31.1 mL/min, p=0.03). During the mean follow‐up period of 310 days, there were no significant differences in the discontinuation rate and incidence of bleeding (17% vs. 15% and 5% vs. 3%, respectively; both not significant). In Group B, the aPTT rarely increased beyond twice the upper normal limit within the 3 months (2.1%), although the correlation between the initial and subsequent aPTT measurements was low (r=0.366).ConclusionsIn this retrospective study, the frequency of aPTT measurements after dabigatran initiation might have been dependent on patient characteristics. However, frequent aPTT measurements did not lead to a reduction in adverse clinical events.
The Evaluation of Readiness of Medical Personnel to Act Under Conditions of Chemical Contamination
Authors: Szarpak Łukasz , Kurowski Andrzej 
Published: June 2014

AbstractObjectiveWe evaluated the knowledge of physicians, nurses, and paramedics in Poland about the procedures in a chemical contamination.MethodsAn anonymous survey was mailed to 600 randomly selected physicians, nurses, and paramedics. The survey included questions concerning the process of decontamination, knowledge of toxidromes, and the use of selected antidotes.ResultsCompleted surveys were received from 510 respondents (85%). A very low level of knowledge was observed regarding decontamination techniques (from 8.3% to 34.2%), use of antidotes (from 13.7% to 61%), and knowledge of toxidromes (from 10.2% to 22.7%).ConclusionsOur findings showed that for all aspects of chemical rescue procedures queried, the knowledge of medical personnel was not satisfactory. Both practical and theoretical training of medical personnel is urgently needed for life-saving procedures during a chemical contamination. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2014:0:1–4)
Off-axis Fresnel numbers in laser systems
Authors: Yao Yudong , Zhang Junyong , Zhang Yanli , Bi Qunyu , Zhu Jianqiang 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The physical meaning and essence of Fresnel numbers are discussed, and two definitions of these numbers for off-axis optical systems are proposed. The universal Fresnel number is found to be

$\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}N=(a^{2}/\lambda z ) \ast C_{1} +C_{2} $

. The Rayleigh–Sommerfeld nonparaxial diffraction formula states that a simple analytical formula for the nonparaxial intensity distribution after a circular aperture can be obtained. Theoretical derivations and numerical calculations reveal that the first correction factor

$C_{1} $

is equal to

$\cos \theta $

and the second factor

$C_{2} $

is a function of the incident wavefront and the shape of the diffractive aperture. Finally, some diffraction phenomena in off-axis optical systems are explained by the off-axis Fresnel number.
On the structure and origin of pressure fluctuations in wall turbulence: predictions based on the resolvent analysis
Authors: Luhar M. , Sharma A. S. , McKeon B. J. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe generate predictions for the fluctuating pressure field in turbulent pipe flow by reformulating the resolvent analysis of McKeon and Sharma (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 658, 2010, pp. 336–382) in terms of the so-called primitive variables. Under this analysis, the nonlinear convective terms in the Fourier-transformed Navier–Stokes equations (NSE) are treated as a forcing that is mapped to a velocity and pressure response by the resolvent of the linearized Navier–Stokes operator. At each wavenumber–frequency combination, the turbulent velocity and pressure field are represented by the most-amplified (rank-1) response modes, identified via a singular value decomposition of the resolvent. We show that these rank-1 response modes reconcile many of the key relationships among the velocity field, coherent structure (i.e. hairpin vortices), and the high-amplitude wall-pressure events observed in previous experiments and direct numerical simulations (DNS). A Green’s function representation shows that the pressure fields obtained under this analysis correspond primarily to the fast pressure contribution arising from the linear interaction between the mean shear and the turbulent wall-normal velocity. Recovering the slow pressure requires an explicit treatment of the nonlinear interactions between the Fourier response modes. By considering the velocity and pressure fields associated with the triadically consistent mode combination studied by Sharma and McKeon (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 728, 2013, pp. 196–238), we identify the possibility of an apparent amplitude modulation effect in the pressure field, similar to that observed for the streamwise velocity field. However, unlike the streamwise velocity, for which the large scales of the flow are in phase with the envelope of the small-scale activity close to the wall, we expect there to be a $\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}\pi /2$ phase difference between the large-scale wall-pressure and the envelope of the small-scale activity. Finally, we generate spectral predictions based on a rank-1 model assuming broadband forcing across all wavenumber–frequency combinations. Despite the significant simplifying assumptions, this approach reproduces trends observed in previous DNS for the wavenumber spectra of velocity and pressure, and for the scale-dependence of wall-pressure propagation speed.
Electrohydrodynamics of particle-covered drops
Authors: Ouriemi Malika , Vlahovska Petia M. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe experimentally investigate the effect of surface-absorbed colloidal particles on the dynamics of a leaky dielectric drop in a uniform DC electric field. Depending on the particle polarizabilty, coverage and the electrical field intensity, particles assemble into various patterns such as an equatorial belt, pole-to-pole chains or a band of dynamic vortices. The particle structuring changes droplet electrohydrodynamics: under the same conditions where a particle-free drop would be a steady oblate spheroid, the belt can give rise to unsteady behaviours such as sustained drop wobbling or tumbling. Moreover, particle chaining can be accompanied by prolate drop deformation and tip-streaming.
Context-specific definitions of organizational concepts: Defining ‘team effectiveness’ with use of the Delphi Technique
Authors: Lohuis Anne Marie , van Vuuren Mark , Bohlmeijer Ernst 
Published: June 2014

AbstractDefinitions are social constructions rather than objective descriptions. They set clear boundaries for what is considered normal in a situation. Common words in organizations, like effectiveness or success, carry different meaningss in different contexts. In this paper, we evaluate the Delphi Technique as a method for explicating context-specific definitions and illustrate its use in formulating a context-specific definition of ‘an effective health care team’. Eight multi-disciplinary organization members participated in the study and reached consensus on characteristics assigned to team effectiveness in three rounds. The final definition implies the influence of organizational values, underscoring the importance of context specificity in organization studies.
Colleagueguanxiintensity: Scale development and validation
Authors: Hong Chen Huan , Zhu Dauw-Song , White Louis P. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis research reviews the constructs and measurements ofguanxiand concludes that colleagueguanxiis appropriately conceptualized as a multidimensional construct that describes Chinese colleague relationships. The development of a colleagueguanxiscale with four dimensions is described. Two studies test the convergent, discriminant, and nomological validity of theguanxiscale. In validation testsguanxiintensity increases with cognition features (subjective fit and cognitive trust) and results in a positive affect (affective trust). Contributions of the colleagueguanxiscale are offered.