bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) diagnostics: gleaning insights from point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) techniques in emergencies: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zaki Hany A. , Albaroudi Bilal , Shaban Eman E. , Elgassim Mohamed , Almarri Nood Dhafi , Basharat Kaleem , Shaban Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The assessment of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is clinically difficult diagnosis. The “gold standard test” for DVT diagnosis is venography; however, various point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) protocols have been suggested for DVT evaluation in the emergency department.

Aims
This review evaluated the role of different POCUS protocols in diagnosing DVT in the emergency department.

Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted based of PRISMA guideline and registered on PROSEPRO (CRD42023398871). An electronic database search in Embase, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google scholar and a manual search were performed to identify eligible studies till February 2023. Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool (QUADAS-2) was used to assess the risk of bias in included studies. Quantitative analysis was carried out using STATA 16 and Review Manager software (RevMan 5.4.1). Sensitivity, specificity of POCUS protocols for DVT diagnosis compared to reference standard test was calculated.

Results
Heterogeneity was identified between 26 included studies for review. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for the 2-point POCUS protocol were 92.32% (95% CI: 87.58–97.06), 96.86% (95% CI: 95.09–98.64), 88.41% (95% CI: 82.24–94.58) and 97.25% (95% CI: 95.51–98.99), respectively. Similarly, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for 3-point POCUS were 89.15% (95% CI: 83.24–95.07), 92.71% (95% CI: 89.59–95.83), 81.27% (95% CI: 73.79–88.75), and 95.47% (95% CI: 92.93–98). The data pooled for complete compression ultrasound, and whole-leg duplex ultrasound also resulted in a sensitivity and specificity of 100% (95% CI: 98.21–100) and 97.05% (95% CI: 92.25–100), respectively. On the other hand, the time from triage to DVT diagnosis was significantly shorter for emergency physician-performed POCUS than diagnostic tests performed by radiologists.

Conclusion
The diagnostic performance of POCUS protocols performed by emergency physicians was excellent. Combined with the significant reduction in time to diagnosis. POCUS can be used as the first-line imaging tool for DVT diagnosis in the emergency department. We also recommended that attending emergency physicians with POCUS training are present during DVT diagnosis to improve diagnostic performance even though high diagnostic performance is observed even with the minimum training.
Identification of challenges and leveraging mHealth technology, with need-based solutions to empower self-management in type 2 diabetes: a qualitative study
Authors: Dsouza Sherize Merlin , Venne Julien , Shetty Sahana , Brand Helmut 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Effective diabetes management relies mainly on an individual’s ability to perform self-care tasks. However, this process is influenced by a complex interplay of factors. This study explores the multifaceted influences on Diabetes Self-Management (DSM), examining both factors influencing and affecting DSM. Understanding these influences is crucial for developing targeted Digital Health Interventions that empower individuals with diabetes to achieve successful self-management.

Objectives
To identify problems faced by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) individuals in self-managing diabetes and leveraging mHealth technology, with need-based solutions to Empower Self-Management in T2DM.

Methodology
In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted among ten patients with T2DM visiting the outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in coastal Karnataka. Additionally, six healthcare professionals (HCPs) working closely with T2DM patients were interviewed to understand their perspectives on using mHealth to manage T2DM effectively. The themes for the solutions described were analyzed using ATLAS-TI software.

Results
Our research examined certain factors that might have influenced effective diabetes self-management and investigated patient perspectives on using digital health solutions in diabetes self-management. This study found that technology skills, duration of diabetes, knowledge, and personal beliefs were all significant factors affecting self-management in participants with T2DM. Additionally, socioeconomic factors were also seen to influence effective diabetes self-management. The Google search engine was used by 50% of the participants interviewed to learn about T2DM. Diet management through Google searches was used by a minority (30%) of the patients. None of the participants had previously used any mobile health applications (mHealth apps) to manage T2DM. 20% of the participants expressed limited knowledge about using smartphones or wearables to track health parameters. The study also identified potential non-technological barriers to mHealth adoption. To address these concerns, researchers used an empathy map to develop solutions that promote mHealth use.

Conclusion
Several challenges and need-based mHealth solutions were identified to empower diabetes self-management education among T2DM patients. Implementing need-based mHealth solutions such as data tracking, personalized feedback, and access to educational resources can lead to better disease control and a higher quality of life for those with T2DM. Further research and development in mHealth interventions, and collaborative efforts among healthcare providers, patients, and technology developers, hold a promising future for the healthcare sector in providing efficient, effective, and accessible care.
Characterization of nuvita biosearch center (NBC) isolated lactic acid bacteria strains from human origin and determination of growth kinetic profiles of selected cultures under bioreactor
Authors: Kavak Akif Emre , Zent İnci , Sağır Ezgi Metin , Öncü Gülistan , Şimşek Feride İrem 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Backgorund
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the field of research into the isolation and characterization of probiotics in the prevention of diseases and the need to maintain the continuity of healthy microbiota. Therefore, the aim of this study is to isolate and identify bacteria found in maternal colostrum, breast milk, adult and infant feces, analyze possible probiotic potential, and reveal the developmental kinetics of selected strains.

Results
We isolated 40 bacterial species from 4 different sources and identified 19 bacteria in the form of bacilli through molecular biology and carried out studies with 11 of them. Five of the selected strains showed the better results considering bile salt resistance and ability to survive at different pH and antimicrobial effect. When the adhesion capacity in cell culture is examined, the better 2 strains are; Lactobacillus pontis ZZ6780 and Lactobacillus reuteri NBC2680 were selected and the growth kinetics of these strains were demonstrated at the 3 L bioreactor scale. Finally, the growth kinetics of selected strains were determined and the maximum specific growth rate of selected Lactobacillus pontis ZZ6780 and Lactobacillus reuteri NBC2680 was calculated as 0.412 h− 1 and 0.481 h− 1, respectively. In addition, the dry cell matter amounts were found to be and 4.45 g/L and 5.23 g/L, respectively.

Conclusion
This study established the groundwork for the selection of safety probiotics for the development and application of LAB. It is thought that the two strains obtained as a result of this study can be considered as potential probiotic strains in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
Clinical and preclinical studies of mesenchymal stem cells to alleviate peritoneal fibrosis
Authors: Zheng Lingqian , Chen Wenmin , Yao Kaijin , Xie Yina , Liao Chunling , Zhou Tianbiao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPeritoneal dialysis is an important part of end-stage kidney disease replacement therapy. However, prolonged peritoneal dialysis can result in peritoneal fibrosis and ultrafiltration failure, forcing patients to withdraw from peritoneal dialysis treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for some effective measures to alleviate the occurrence and progression of peritoneal fibrosis. Mesenchymal stem cells play a crucial role in immunomodulation and antifibrosis. Numerous studies have investigated the fact that mesenchymal stem cells can ameliorate peritoneal fibrosis mainly through the paracrine pathway. It has been discovered that mesenchymal stem cells participate in the improvement of peritoneal fibrosis involving the following signaling pathways: TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, AKT/FOXO signaling pathway, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, TLR/NF-κB signaling pathway. Additionally, in vitro experiments, mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to decrease mesothelial cell death and promote proliferation. In animal models, mesenchymal stem cells can enhance peritoneal function by reducing inflammation, neovascularization, and peritoneal thickness. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy has been demonstrated in clinical trials to improve peritoneal function and reduce peritoneal fibrosis, thus improving the life quality of peritoneal dialysis patients.
Smad4 and FoxH1 potentially interact to regulate cyp19a1a promoter in the ovary of ricefield eel (Monopterus albus)
Authors: Chen Qiqi , Yang Deying , Chen Mingqiang , Xiong Jinxin , Huang Junjie , Ding Wenxiang , Gao Kuo , Lai Bolin , Zheng Li , Tang Ziting , Zhang Mingwang , Yan Taiming , He Zhi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Cyp19a1a is a key enzyme in the pathway that converts androgens into estrogen and is regulated by TGF-β signaling. Smad4 and FoxH1 are downstream effectors of TGF-β signaling and may play important roles in ovarian development in M. albus.

Methods
We investigated the expression pattern of the Smad4 and FoxH1 using qRT‒PCR and immunofluorescence, then tested the changes of smad4 and foxh1 by qRT‒PCR after ovary incubation with FSH in vitro, and analysed the regulation of cyp19a1a transcription by Smad4 and FoxH1 by dual-luciferase reporter assays.

Results
We found that Smad4 encoded a putative protein of 449 amino acids and harbored the three conserved domains typical of this protein family. Smad4 and foxh1 exhibited similar expression patterns during ovarian development and after FSH incubation, with Pearson’s coefficients of 0.873 and 0.63–0.81, respectively. Furthermore, Smad4, FoxH1 and Cyp19a1a colocalized in the granulosa cells and theca cells of ovaries during the mid-to-late vitellogenic stage. Smad4 repressed cyp19a1a activity via SBE1 (− 1372/−1364) and SBE2 (− 415/−407) in the cyp19a1a promoter, whereas mutating SBE1 or SBE2 restored cyp19a1a promoter activity. Co-overexpression of Smad4 and FoxH1 significantly reduced cyp19a1a promoter activity.

Conclusions
This study provides new insights into the potential functions of transcription factors Smad4 and FoxH1 in ovarian development and the transcriptional regulation mechanism of cyp19a1a in M. albus, which will reveal Smad4/FoxH1-mediated TGF-β signaling in reproduction and the regulation of the cyp19a1a.

Plain English summary
Aromatase, encoded by cyp19a1a, is involved in ovarian development and plays an important role in the quality of eggs, as well the sex ratio, of the teleost fish, M. albus. The research on the transcriptional regulation of cyp19a1a has contributed to the understanding of its role in ovarian development. In previous study, it was shown that FoxH1 inhibits cyp19a1a transcription. In the present study, Smad4 was confirmed as a cyp19a1a transcriptional repressor and Smad4 may also coordinate with FoxH1 to repress cyp19a1a transcription. At present, we provide a new perspective for the transcriptional regulation of cyp19a1a by transcription factors Smad4 and FoxH1 in teleost fish ovary. In the future, the regulatory networks of Smad4 and FoxH1 will be further studied and the gene editing technology will be applied to screen specific regulatory factors of cyp191a1a gene, so as to alter the female cycle and modulate the sex ratio of the eggs production.
PDLIM2 is a novel E5 ubiquitin ligase enhancer that stabilizes ROC1 and recruits the ROC1-SCF ubiquitin ligase to ubiquitinate and degrade NF-κB RelA
Authors: Sun Fan , Xiao Gutian , Qu Zhaoxia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe PDZ-LIM domain-containing protein PDLIM2 is a common tumor suppressor and a key immune modulator. One main function of PDLIM2 is to promote the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of nuclear activated NF-κB RelA, a physiologically indispensable transcription factor whose persistent activation has been linked to almost all cancer types and inflammation-associated diseases. However, it remains unknown how PDLIM2 exerts this physiologically and pathogenically important function. Here, we show that PDLIM2 acts as a ubiquitin ligase enhancer, termed E5. It stabilizes ROC1, an essential component of SKP1/Cullin/F-box protein (SCF) ubiquitin ligases, and chaperones the ROC1-SCFβ-TrCP ubiquitin ligase to ubiquitinate nuclear RelA for proteasomal degradation in the nucleus. Consistently, silencing of ROC1, Cullin 1 or the F-box protein β-TrCP blocks RelA ubiquitination and degradation by PDLIM2. These data provide new mechanistic insights into how PDLIM2 promotes nuclear RelA ubiquitination and degradation, thereby serving as a critical tumor suppressor and a vital immune regulator. They also improve our understanding of the complex cascade of the ubiquitination and NF-κB pathways, particularly given the well-known role of the ROC1-SCFβ-TrCP ubiquitin ligase in initiating NF-κB activation by directly binding to and ubiquitinating NF-κB inhibitors for the proteasomal degradation in the cytoplasm.
Conversion surgery for BRCA-mutated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with liver metastasis treated with platinum-based chemotherapy followed by olaparib
Authors: Funo Takumi , Hashimoto Daisuke , Yamaki So , Matsumura Kazuki , Miyazaki Hidetaka , Matsui Yuki , Tsybulskyi Denys , Sang Nguyen Thanh , Yaolin Xu , Satoi Sohei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
With recent dramatic developments in chemotherapy, attempts to incorporate surgery into the multidisciplinary treatment of unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with metastasis (UR-M PDAC) have emerged. Maintenance therapy with olaparib after chemotherapy including a platinum-based regimen, which inhibits the poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) involved in DNA repair, was approved for UR-M PDAC with positive BRCA mutations.

Case presentation
A 47-year-old male patient with a high carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) level was diagnosed with PDAC in the pancreatic tail. Staging laparoscopy revealed occult liver metastasis. Because BRCA2 mutation was confirmed, triple combination chemotherapy with SOXIRI (S-1/oxaliplatin/irinotecan) was introduced and continued for 16 weeks, followed by 14 weeks of olaparib. After that, CA19-9 was normalized, and no obvious liver metastases of any size could be seen on imaging studies during chemotherapy. Since staging laparoscopy after chemotherapy proved that the liver metastasis had disappeared, laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy was performed, and curative resection was completed. After adjuvant chemotherapy with olaparib for 12 months, the patient is alive 36 months from his initial diagnosis and 27 months postoperatively without recurrence.

Conclusion
We report a case of PDAC with liver metastasis and BRCA mutation-positivity who underwent conversion surgery and achieved long-term survival after irinotecan-based chemotherapy followed by maintenance therapy with olaparib.
Why should the Next Generation of Youth Guidelines Prioritize Vigorous Physical Activity?
Authors: Chaabene Helmi , Markov Adrian , Schega Lutz 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe health benefits of regular physical activity (PA) in youth are well-documented. Yet the adherence rate to PA guidelines among youth worldwide is alarmingly deficient with only 19% of youth worldwide adhering to the World Health Organization guidelines. This is reflective of a global proliferation of a physical inactivity pandemic among youth. The negative consequences of physical inactivity on health are profound, as they threaten to persist into adulthood, exacerbating the burden of preventable health issues. There is persuasive evidence that vigorous PA generates physical fitness and health benefits surpassing those of low- or moderate-intensity activity in youth. In addition, indications show that the adherence rate to vigorous PA among youth exceeds that relative to for low- or moderate-intensity activity. As a result, promoting vigorous PA can help mitigate the global issue of low adherence to PA in youth. Therefore, in this Current Opinion paper, we argue that vigorous PA, compared to low or moderate-intensity activity, holds greater significance for youth’s health and physical fitness. Additionally, the potential implications derived from the existing evidence regarding vigorous PA on the current guidelines for youth are discussed.
Enhanced estimation strategy for determining the location of tracheoesophageal fistula in a preterm, low-birth-weight infant with congenital esophageal atresia type C and duodenal atresia: a case report
Authors: Yamazaki Seirin , Miyazaki Yusuke , Taniguchi Yoshie , Uezono Shoichi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
In esophageal atresia type C, identifying the tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) location is crucial for airway management. However, a thin bronchoscope may not always be available.

Case presentation
We report on a low-birth-weight neonate with esophageal atresia type C who required immediate gastrostomy after birth. With no suitable thin bronchoscope available, alternative methods were utilized to estimate the TEF location post-gastrostomy. Submerging the gastrostomy tube tip in water and applying positive pressure ventilation via a tracheal tube allowed for observation of air bubbles emerging from the gastrostomy tube. As the tracheal tube was advanced, the cessation of bubbles indicated that the TEF was sealed by the tracheal tube. The location of the tracheal tube tip, confirmed by chest radiographs, was consistent with the TEF location identified during corrective surgery for TEF.

Conclusions
This innovative technique facilitated successful estimation of the TEF location without bronchoscopy, demonstrating its efficacy in resource-limited settings.
ChatGPT awareness, acceptance, and adoption in higher education: the role of trust as a cornerstone
Authors: Shahzad Muhammad Farrukh , Xu Shuo , Javed Iqra 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs technology continues to advance, the integration of generative artificial intelligence tools in various sectors, including education, has gained momentum. ChatGPT, an extensively recognized language model created by OpenAI, has gained significant importance, particularly in education. This study investigates the awareness, acceptance, and adoption of ChatGPT, a state-of-the-art language model developed by OpenAI, in higher education institutions across China. This study applies the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method for examining data collected from 320 Chinese university students. The study’s conceptual framework integrates key determinants from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and extends it by incorporating perceived intelligence as a critical factor in the adoption process. The study findings reveal that ChatGPT awareness significantly influences the intention to adopt ChatGPT. Perceived ease of use, usefulness, and intelligence significantly mediate the association between ChatGPT awareness and adoption intention of ChatGPT. Additionally, perceived trust significantly moderates the relationship between ChatGPT awareness and perceived ease of use, usefulness, and intelligence. Moving forward, in order to maintain students’ critical thinking skills and inventiveness in their assessment writing, assessments must promote the safe use of ChatGPT. Therefore, educators will be crucial in ensuring that artificial intelligence tools are used in assessments ethically and suitably by providing clear guidelines and instructions.
Alternaria alternata as emerging threat for Hoplobatrachus tigerinus and Phrynoderma hexadactylum in southern West Bengal, India
Authors: Ganguly Partha , Ghosh Swapan Kumar , Bhattacharjee Koutilya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Amphibians are facing a global decline for the last few decades due to habitat loss, pesticide pollution, diseases and some other reasons. Fungal disease called chytridiomycosis has been emerged as one of the major causes of anuran extinction and decline in many parts of the globe. As the causal fungi Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) were reported to have ubiquitous distribution on Earth, a survey was being conducted in districts of southern West Bengal, India, to assess probable anuran damage by the Bd in this region. A significant percentage of the common frogs Hoplobatrachus tigerinus and Phrynoderma hexadactylum were found to carry disease symptoms like redness of ventral skin, rashes, skin lesions, sluggish movements followed by death within 2 months.

Results
Investigation pointed the causal factor as Alternaria alternata. Liver and lungs were the primarily affected organs. Histopathology identified the presence of spores in TS of infected lungs along with hepatocellular steatosis. Elevation of serum SGPT and triglyceride (~ tenfold and ~ threefold, respectively, compared to healthy groups) was also key findings in infected individuals. Infection prevalence was highest in South 24 Parganas (more than 7%).

Conclusion
A common plant pathogen shifting host to anurans in a trans-kingdom way may be a significant evolutionary finding, but the infection being detrimental to two local frogs will have severe impacts. As the frogs are food web intermediates of their habitats, a collapse in local food web will be the primary ecological impact along with higher incidence of mosquito-borne diseases.
Thermo-chemical conversion kinetics of cannabinoid acids in hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) using pressurized liquid extraction
Authors: Urvashi  , Han Joon-Hee , Hong Min , Kwon Tae-Hyung , Druelinger Melvin , Park Sang-Hyuck , Kinney Chad A. , Olejar Kenneth J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCannabinoid decarboxylation via thermo-chemical conversion has the potential to reduce the cannabinoid degradation and evaporation due to short reaction time and use of water as the solvent. When combined with pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), thermo-chemical conversion can be performed as the first stage in the extraction procedure. PLE utilizes a closed system at elevated temperatures and pressure to increase the solvation power, which contributes to decreased viscosity and increased diffusion rate. With this new in-extraction decarboxylation approach there remain variables that need full understanding before up scaling from bench top to pilot or commercial scale. Herein, the thermo-chemical decarboxylation kinetics was studied for industrial hemp via PLE at different temperatures (80–160 °C) and reaction times (1–90 min). The reaction was found to be pseudo-first order. Model verification on CBD and CBG resulted in acceptable results; however, an anomaly in the minor cannabinoids suggests that cannabinoid concentration may influence model kinetics.