bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asking questions of a palliative care nurse practitioner on a pancreatic cancer website
Authors: Grant Marian S. , Wiegand Debra L. , Dy Sydney M. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractObjective:Increasing evidence demonstrates the benefits of online cancer interventions but very little about the needs of those with pancreatic cancer or interaction with online providers. Our study was done to (1) see how many people would visit a webpage where they could interact with a palliative care nurse practitioner (PCNP), (2) see how many would ask the PCNP questions, (3) determine the type of questions, and (4) obtain feedback regarding the usefulness of the webpage.Method:Mixed-methods descriptive design.Results:There were 2174 visits to the webpage, and a total of 84 participants sent 110 questions/comments. Some 28 (33%) were people worried that they might have pancreatic cancer. Most questions (59, 53%) had to do with palliative care issues, with the largest subgroup (26, 23%) involving psychological concerns. A total of 39 completed an online survey and were relatives (20, 52%), or patients (17, 44%). They rated the webpage at 3.3/4 as being helpful at learning about the physical symptoms/treatments of pancreatic cancer, at 3.1/4 for learning about emotional issues, at 3/4 for learning about palliative care, at 2.8/4 for learning about hospice, and at 3.3/4 for reading other people's questions.Significance of results:The PCNP webpage was a helpful resource. Most asking questions were worried about having or getting pancreatic cancer. More research is needed into online providers, interventions, and conducting research online.
In search of real autonomy for fertility patients
Authors: Johnston Josephine , Gusmano Michael K. , Patrizio Pasquale 
Published: June 2014

AbstractNearly one in eight infants in the United States is born preterm. A variety of factors are associated with preterm birth, including multiplicity. In the United States fertility treatments are currently associated with high rates of multiplicity, but these rates could be reduced significantly if changes can be made to fertility treatment policy and practice. These include reducing the financial pressure on patients to prioritize pregnancy chances over safety by expanding insurance coverage and altering the way we calculate success rates and insurance benefits so that two consecutive single embryo transfers is equivalent to one double embryo transfer.
Long non-coding RNAs and enhancer RNAs regulate the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in human monocytes
Authors: Ilott Nicholas E. , Heward James A. , Roux Benoit , Tsitsiou Eleni , Fenwick Peter S. , Lenzi Luca , Goodhead Ian , Hertz-Fowler Christiane , Heger Andreas , Hall Neil , Donnelly Louise E. , Sims David , Lindsay Mark A. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractEarly reports indicate that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are novel regulators of biological responses. However, their role in the human innate immune response, which provides the initial defence against infection, is largely unexplored. To address this issue, here we characterize the long non-coding RNA transcriptome in primary human monocytes using RNA sequencing. We identify 76 enhancer RNAs (eRNAs), 40 canonical lncRNAs, 65 antisense lncRNAs and 35 regions of bidirectional transcription (RBT) that are differentially expressed in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Crucially, we demonstrate that knockdown of nuclear-localized, NF-κB-regulated, eRNAs (IL1β-eRNA) and RBT (IL1β-RBT46) surrounding the IL1β locus, attenuates LPS-induced messenger RNA transcription and release of the proinflammatory mediators, IL1β and CXCL8. We predict that lncRNAs can be important regulators of the human innate immune response.
Genomes and phenomes of a population of outbred rats and its progenitors
Authors: Baud Amelie , Guryev Victor , Hummel Oliver , Johannesson Martina ,   The Rat Genome Sequencing and Mapping Consortium, Baud Amelie , Guryev Victor , Hummel Oliver , Johannesson Martina , Hermsen Roel , Stridh Pernilla , Graham Delyth , McBride Martin W , Foroud Tatiana , Calderari Sophie , Diez Margarita , Ockinger Johan , Beyeen Amennai D , Gillett Alan , Abdelmagid Nada , Guerreiro-Cacais Andre Ortlieb , Jagodic Maja , Tuncel Jonatan , Norin Ulrika , Beattie Elisabeth , Huynh Ngan , Miller William H , Koller Daniel L , Alam Imranul , Falak Samreen , Osborne-Pellegrin Mary , Martinez-Membrives Esther , Canete Toni , Blazquez Gloria , Vicens-Costa Elia , Mont-Cardona Carme , Diaz-Moran Sira , Tobena Adolf , Zelenika Diana , Saar Kathrin , Patone Giannino , Bauerfeind Anja , Bihoreau Marie-Therese , Heinig Matthias , Lee Young-Ae , Rintisch Carola , Schulz Herbert , Wheeler David A , Worley Kim C , Muzny Donna M , Gibbs Richard A , Lathrop Mark , Lansu Nico , Toonen Pim , Ruzius Frans Paul , de Bruijn Ewart , Hauser Heidi , Adams David J , Keane Thomas , Atanur Santosh S , Aitman Tim J , Flicek Paul , Malinauskas Tomas , Jones E Yvonne , Ekman Diana , Lopez-Aumatell Regina , Dominiczak Anna F , Holmdahl Rikard , Olsson Tomas , Gauguier Dominique , Hubner Norbert , Fernandez-Teruel Alberto , Cuppen Edwin , Mott Richard , Flint Jonathan , Flint Jonathan 
Published: June 2014

AbstractFinding genetic variants that contribute to phenotypic variation is one of the main challenges of modern genetics. We used an outbred population of rats (Heterogeneous Stock, HS) in a combined sequence-based and genetic mapping analysis to identify sequence variants and genes contributing to complex traits of biomedical relevance. Here we describe the sequences of the eight inbred progenitors of the HS and the variants that segregate between them. We report the genotyping of 1,407 HS rats, and the collection from 2,006 rats of 195 phenotypic measures that are relevant to models of anxiety, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and osteoporosis. We make available haplotype dosages for the 1,407 genotyped rats, since genetic mapping in the HS is best carried out by reconstructing each HS chromosome as a mosaic of the progenitor genomes. Finally, we have deposited an R object that makes it easy to incorporate our sequence data into any genetic study of HS rats. Our genetic data are available for both Rnor3.4 and Rnor5.0 rat assemblies.
Direct infusion mass spectrometry metabolomics dataset: a benchmark for data processing and quality control
Authors: Kirwan Jennifer A , Weber Ralf J M , Broadhurst David I , Viant Mark R 
Published: June 2014

AbstractDirect-infusion mass spectrometry (DIMS) metabolomics is an important approach for characterising molecular responses of organisms to disease, drugs and the environment. Increasingly large-scale metabolomics studies are being conducted, necessitating improvements in both bioanalytical and computational workflows to maintain data quality. This dataset represents a systematic evaluation of the reproducibility of a multi-batch DIMS metabolomics study of cardiac tissue extracts. It comprises of twenty biological samples (cow vs. sheep) that were analysed repeatedly, in 8 batches across 7 days, together with a concurrent set of quality control (QC) samples. Data are presented from each step of the workflow and are available in MetaboLights. The strength of the dataset is that intra- and inter-batch variation can be corrected using QC spectra and the quality of this correction assessed independently using the repeatedly-measured biological samples. Originally designed to test the efficacy of a batch-correction algorithm, it will enable others to evaluate novel data processing algorithms. Furthermore, this dataset serves as a benchmark for DIMS metabolomics, derived using best-practice workflows and rigorous quality assessment.
Does Shining Light on Gold Colloids Influence Aggregation?
Authors: Bhattacharya Susmita , Narasimha Suda , Roy Anushree , Banerjee Soumitro 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn this article we revisit the much-studied behavior of self-assembled aggregates of gold colloidal particles. In the literature, the electrostatic interactions, van der Waals interactions and the change in free energy due to ligand-ligand or ligand-solvent interactions are mainly considered to be the dominating factors in determining the characteristics of the gold aggregates. However, our light scattering and imaging experiments clearly indicate a distinct effect of light in the growth structure of the gold colloidal particles. We attribute this to the effect of a non-uniform distribution of the electric field in aggregated gold colloids under the influence of light.
Heteroatom-doped highly porous carbon from human urine
Authors: Chaudhari Nitin Kaduba , Song Min Young , Yu Jong-Sung 
Published: June 2014

AbstractHuman urine, otherwise potentially polluting waste, is an universal unused resource in organic form disposed by the human body. We present for the first time “proof of concept” of a convenient, perhaps economically beneficial and innovative template-free route to synthesize highly porous carbon containing heteroatoms such as N, S, Si and P from human urine waste as a single precursor for carbon and multiple heteroatoms. High porosity is created through removal of inherently-present salt particles in as-prepared “Urine Carbon” (URC) and multiple heteroatoms are naturally doped into the carbon, making it unnecessary to employ troublesome expensive pore-generating templates as well as extra costly heteroatom-containing organic precursors. Additionally, isolation of rock salts is an extra bonus of present work. The technique is simple, but successful, offering naturally doped conductive hierarchical porous URC, which leads to superior electrocatalytic ORR activity comparable to state of the art Pt/C catalyst along with much improved durability and methanol tolerance, demonstrating that the URC can be a promising alternative to costly Pt-based electrocatalyst for ORR. The ORR activity can be addressed in terms of heteroatom doping, surface properties and electrical conductivity of the carbon framework.
Parameters selection criteria of proportional–integral controller for a quadratic buck converter
Authors: Morales‐Saldaña Jorge Alberto , Loera‐Palomo Rodrigo , Palacios‐Hernández Elvia 
Published: June 2014

A criteria for selection of parameters of proportional and integral (PI) controller for a DC–DC quadratic buck converter is proposed here. This procedure was developed from a large‐signal model of converter in which a multiloop control scheme is added. This scheme has two control loops: an inner current loop, which improves the dynamic behaviour using a single gain, and a conventional PI controller as outer loop, which provides regulation. For the resulting system, the necessary conditions are derived for the existence of equilibrium point and stability in closed‐loop. In comparison with the traditional method of loopshaping, which uses small‐signal model, analytic expressions are found that simplifies the selection of controller parameters. At the end, the procedure is applied to 28 W quadratic buck regulator prototype and experimental results are given to verify the effectiveness.
Improvement in voltage conversion ratio for step up converter established by KY and buck–boost converters based on coupled inductor
Authors: Hwu Kuo‐Ing , Jiang Wen‐Zhuang 
Published: June 2014

In this study, a novel voltage‐boosting converter is presented, which combines a charge pump and a coupled inductor with the turns ratio. It aims to improve the intrinsic disadvantages of the traditional boost converter and buck–boost converter. In addition, the corresponding voltage gain is greater than that of the existing step up converter combing KY and buck–boost converters. Since the proposed converter possesses an output inductor, the output current is non‐pulsating, resulting in a relatively small output voltage ripple. Above all, part of the leakage inductance energy can be recycled to the output capacitor of the buck–boost converter. In this study, the operating principles and the power flow analyses are firstly discussed in detail, and finally, an experimental prototype with a 12 V input voltage, 96 V output voltage and 60 W output power is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed converter.
Repetitive controller for improving grid‐connected photovoltaic systems
Authors: de Almeida Pedro M. , Duarte Jorge L. , Ribeiro Paulo F. , Barbosa Pedro G. 
Published: June 2014

This study presents the modelling and design steps of a discrete time recursive repetitive controller (RC) to be used in a grid‐connected photovoltaic (PV) system. It is shown that the linear synchronous reference frame proportional‐integral controller, originally designed to control the converter's output currents, may have its effectiveness compromised because of non‐linearities in the system components. A RC is introduced as an alternative to overcome this drawback and improve the system's output currents. The performance of the designed hybrid controller is tested, under both steady‐state and transient operations, for variations on the power generated by a 30 kWp PV power plant. Experimental results obtained from the operation of the PV system connected to a distribution network, without output passive filters, only through a transformer that operates in a non‐linear region are presented. The results are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed compensation method and to validate the designed hybrid controller.
Clofibric acid induces hepatic CYP 2B1/2 via constitutive androstane receptor not via peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha in rat
Authors: Ibrahim Zein Shaban , Ahmed Mohamed Mohamed , El-Shazly Samir Ahmed , Ishizuka Mayumi , Fujita Shoichi 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα) ligands, fibrates used to control hyperlipidemia. We demonstrated CYP2B induction by clofibric acid (CFA) however, the mechanism was not clear. In this study, HepG2 cells transfected with expression plasmid of mouse constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) or PPARα were treated with CFA, phenobarbital (PB) or TCPOBOP. Luciferase assays showed that CFA increased CYP2B1 transcription to the same level as PB, or TCPOBOP in HepG2 transfected with mouse CAR But failed to induce it in PPARα transfected cells. CYP2B expressions were increased with PB or CFA in Wistar female rats (having normal levels of CAR) but not in Wistar Kyoto female rats (having low levels of CAR). The induction of CYP2B by PB or CFA was comparable to nuclear CAR levels. CAR nuclear translocation was induced by CFA in both rat strains. This indicates that fibrates can activate CAR and that fibrates-insulin sensitization effect may occur through CAR, while hypolipidemic effect may operate through PPARα.
First Report of Brown Rot Caused by Monilia mumecola on Chinese Sour Cherry in Chongqing Municipality, China
Authors: Yin L. F. , Chen G. K. , Chen S. N. , Du S. F. , Li G. Q. , Luo C. X. 
Published: June 2014

Cherry is widely planted in China, from Liaoning, Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Anhui provinces (eastern China), to Shaanxi, Sichuan, Chongqing, and Guizhou provinces (western China). The brown rot fungus Monilinia fructigena causes considerable production losses in cherry production in Liaoning Province (3). In May 2013, Chinese sour cherry (Prunus pseudocerasus) cv. Wupi displaying symptoms of brown rot was found in an orchard in Chongqing municipality. Diseased cherry fruit had a brown rot sporulating with grayish, conidial tufts. The fruit later succumbed to the soft rot or shivered and became a mummy. Single-spore isolations on PDA resulted in colonies with concentric rings of pigmented mycelium with lobbed margins. Conidia were broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, occasionally even globose, with an average size of 16 × 12.7 μm. Multiple germ tubes were produced from each conidium, a germination pattern unique to Monilia mumecola (1,2,4). The pathogen identity was confirmed by multiplex PCR as described by Hu et al. (2). The PCR resulted in a 712-bp amplicon, which is diagnostic of M. mumecola. Further sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region 1 and 2 and 5.8S gene further indicated 100% identity with that of M. mumecola isolates from China (Accession No. HQ908786) and from Japan (AB125613, AB125614, and AB125620). Koch's postulates were confirmed by inoculating mature cherry fruit with mycelia plugs. Inoculated fruit were placed in a sterilized moist chamber, and incubated at 22°C with 12 h light/dark cycle. Inoculated fruit developed typical brown rot symptoms only 2 days after inoculation, while the control fruit, inoculated with a sterile PDA plug, remained healthy. The pathogen isolated from inoculated symptomatic fruit was confirmed to be M. mumecola based on morphological characteristics and germination pattern. It should be noted that the conidia on inoculated fruit showed an average size of 20 × 15.3 μm, significantly bigger than that of from PDA, and most produced more than three germ tubes. The inoculation experiments were performed in triplicates. M. mumecola was first reported as the causal agent of brown rot of mume in Japan in 2004 (1). Later studies demonstrated that it is also pathogen on other stone fruits, e.g., peach, nectarine (2), and apricot (4). To our knowledge, this is the first report of cherry brown fruit rot caused by M. mumecola, and the first report of M. mumecola in Chongqing municipality. References: (1) Y. Harada et al. J. Gen. Plant Pathol. 70:297, 2004. (2) M. J. Hu et al. Plos One 6(9): e24990, 2011. (3) Z. H. Liu et al. J. Fruit Sci. 29:423, 2012. (4) L. F. Yin et al. Plant Dis. 98:694, 2014.
Packing considerations of 10-oxa-9-boraphenanthrene derivatives
Authors: Budanow Alexandra , Sinke Tanja , Lerner Hans-Wolfram , Bolte Michael 
Published: June 2014

The crystal structures of three products of the reaction of 2-phenylphenol and BCl3have been determined. The structures show intriguing packing patterns and an interesting case of pseudosymmetry. In addition, one of the two polymorphs has a primitive monoclinic crystal system, but it is twinned and emulates an orthorhombicC-centred structure. Tris(biphenyl-2-yl) borate, C36H27BO3, (III), crystallizes with only one molecule in the asymmetric unit. The dihedral angles between the planes of the aromatic rings in the biphenyl moieties are 50.47 (13), 44.95 (13) and 42.60 (13)°. The boron centre is in a trigonal planar coordination with two of the biphenyl residues on one side of the BO3plane and the remaining biphenyl residue on the other side. One polymorph of 10-oxa-9-boraphenanthren-9-ol, C12H9BO2, (Va), crystallizes with two almost identical molecules (r.m.s. deviation of all non-H atoms = 0.039 Å) in the asymmetric unit. All non-H atoms lie in a common plane (r.m.s. deviation = 0.015 Å for both molecules in the asymmetric unit). The two molecules in the asymmetric unit are connected into dimersviaO—H...O hydrogen bonds. A second polymorph of 10-oxa-9-boraphenanthren-9-ol, (Vb), crystallizes as a pseudo-merohedral twin with two almost identical molecules (r.m.s. deviation of all non-H atoms = 0.035 Å) in the asymmetric unit. All non-H atoms lie in a common plane (r.m.s. deviation = 0.012 Å for molecule 1 and 0.014 Å for moleculeA). Each of the two molecules in the asymmetric unit is connected into a centrosymmetric dimerviaO—H...O hydrogen bonds. The main difference between the two polymorphic structures is that in (Va) the two molecules in the asymmetric unit are hydrogen bonded to each other, whereas in (Vb), each molecule in the asymmetric unit forms a hydrogen-bonded dimer with its centrosymmetric equivalent. 9-[(Biphenyl-2-yl)oxy]-10-oxa-9-boraphenanthrene, C24H17BO2, (VI), crystallizes with four molecules in the asymmetric unit. The main differences between them are the dihedral angles between the ring planes. Apart from the biphenyl moiety, all non-H atoms lie in a common plane (r.m.s. deviations = 0.026, 0.0231, 0.019 and 0.033 Å for molecules 1,A,BandC, respectively). This structure shows pseudosymmetry; molecules 1 andA, as well as moleculesBandC, are related by a pseudo-translation of about 1 \over 2 in the direction of thebaxis. Molecules 1 andB, as well as moleculesAandC, are related by a pseudo-inversion centre at 1 \over 4,1 \over 8,1 \over 2. Neither between molecules 1 andCnor between moleculesAandBcan pseudosymmetry be found.
FORUM: Ecological networks: the missing links in biomonitoring science
Authors: Gray Clare , Baird Donald J. , Baumgartner Simone , Jacob Ute , Jenkins Gareth B. , O'Gorman Eoin J. , Lu Xueke , Ma Athen , Pocock Michael J. O. , Schuwirth Nele , Thompson Murray , Woodward Guy 
Published: June 2014

Summary

Monitoring anthropogenic impacts is essential for managing and conserving ecosystems, yet current biomonitoring approaches lack the tools required to deal with the effects of stressors on species and their interactions in complex natural systems.

Ecological networks (trophic or mutualistic) can offer new insights into ecosystem degradation, adding value to current taxonomically constrained schemes. We highlight some examples to show how new network approaches can be used to interpret ecological responses.

Synthesis and applications. Augmenting routine biomonitoring data with interaction data derived from the literature, complemented with ground‐truthed data from direct observations where feasible, allows us to begin to characterise large numbers of ecological networks across environmental gradients. This process can be accelerated by adopting emerging technologies and novel analytical approaches, enabling biomonitoring to move beyond simple pass/fail schemes and to address the many ecological responses that can only be understood from a network‐based perspective.
Fertility treatment and child intelligence, attention, and executive functions in 5‐year‐old singletons: a cohort study
Authors: Bay B , Mortensen EL , Kesmodel US 
Published: June 2014

ObjectiveTo assess the association of fertility treatment and subfertility with offspring intelligence, attention, and executive functions in 5‐year‐old singletons.DesignFollow‐up study.SettingDenmark 2003–2008.PopulationA cohort of 1782 children sampled from the Danish National Birth Cohort.MethodsThe children were tested with a neuropsychological battery at age five. In addition to tests of intelligence, attention and executive functions, the follow up included extensive information on important covariates. The analyses were conducted using multiple linear regression and adjusted for parental educational level, maternal intelligence, age, parity, body mass index, smoking in pregnancy, alcohol consumption in pregnancy and child gender, child age, and examiner.Main outcome measuresWechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence‐Revised, the Test of Everyday Attention for Children at Five, and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functions scores.ResultsA consistent pattern of nonsignificantly lower scores were only observed for intelligence and executive functions in children born after fertility treatment or by subfertile parents when the results were unadjusted for maternal intelligence and parental educational level. When adjusted for these and other covariates, there were no significant mean differences in intelligence (mean difference –2.8, 95% CI –7.8, 2.2), overall attention (–0.1, 95% CI –0.6, 0.3), or parent‐rated executive functions (–0.1, 95% CI –3.0, 2.9) between children born after spontaneous conception and children born to parents conceiving after fertility treatment. Similarly, there were no significant mean differences in intelligence (mean difference 0.6, 95% CI –2.2, 3.4), overall attention (0.1, 95% CI –0.2, 0.4), or parent‐rated executive functions (1.0, 95% CI –1.8, 3.7) between children born after spontaneous conception and children born to subfertile parents waiting more than 12 months before conceiving naturally.ConclusionsThis study suggests that parental subfertility and fertility treatment are unrelated to offspring intelligence, attention and executive functions.