bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Domestic Abuse and Safeguarding Children: Critical Issues for Multiagency Work
Authors: Peckover Sue , Golding Berenice 
Published: May 2015

This paper reports upon the learning that emerged from a development project which aimed to facilitate improvements in multiagency work in domestic abuse and safeguarding children. The two‐year project (2011–13), funded by the Department for Education and led by WomenCentre, a specialist voluntary sector organisation based in West Yorkshire, was undertaken in nine local authorities in the north of England. Activities undertaken during the project included case mapping, service user and professional engagement exercises, observation of local multiagency meetings and provision of training. An evaluative research study examined the work of the project and the learning that emerged. Drawing upon data from telephone interviews with project participants, analysis of case mapping and project reports, this paper discusses some critical issues which emerged from this project. The paper draws attention to the different understandings and priorities which shape interprofessional practice in relation to safeguarding children and domestic abuse, and the complexities of the wider interagency environment including coordination, resources and expertise. Recommendations for improving multiagency work to achieve better outcomes for women and children experiencing domestic abuse are discussed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.‘An evaluative research study examined the work of the project and the learning that emerged’Key Practitioner Messages

Multiagency working in domestic abuse and safeguarding children is complex and could be improved.
The impact of professional differences in how cases are understood and managed, particularly in relation to ‘risk’, as well as different professional priorities and approaches to working with families should be recognised and considered within the multiagency context.
Practitioners may want to consider whether ‘case mapping’ is pertinent to their own safeguarding practices and processes.
‘Multiagency working in domestic abuse and safeguarding children is complex and could be improved’
Mental health problems in young male offenders with and without sex offences: a comparison based on the MAYSI‐2
Authors: Boonmann Cyril , Nelson Rebecca J. , DiCataldo Frank , Jansen Lucres M. C. , Doreleijers Theo A. H. , Vermeiren Robert R. J. M. , Colins Olivier F. , Grisso Thomas 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackgroundThere is a need for better knowledge about the relationship between sexual offending by young people and mental health problems.AimThis study aimed to compare mental health problems between young people who commit sexual offences and those who do not.MethodsAfter completion of the Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument‐Version 2 (MAYSI‐2), 334 young people who, according to MAYSI‐2 information, had committed a sex offence were compared with 334 young people whose MAYSI‐2 data suggested that they had not committed a sex offence. They were matched for age, race/ethnicity, type of facility and adjudication status. We also examined the young sex offenders for within group differences.ResultsThe young sex offenders were less likely to report anger–irritability or substance misuse than the comparison youths. Within the sex offender group, older juveniles were more likely to report alcohol and drug use problems than younger ones, Caucasians were more likely to report anger and suicidal ideation than their non‐Caucasian peers, those detained were more likely to report alcohol and drug use problems and somatic complaints than those on probation, and convicted youths were more likely to report alcohol and drug use problems and anger–irritability than those awaiting trial.ConclusionsJuvenile sexual offending seems less likely to be committed in the context of an anti‐social lifestyle than other offending. Important findings among young sex offenders are their higher levels of mental health problems among those detained and convicted than among those on probation or awaiting trial. Assessment of the mental health of young sex offenders seems to be even more important the further they are into the justice system. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High Performance Non‐enzymatic Glucose Sensor Based on One‐Step Electrodeposited Nickel Sulfide
Authors: Kannan Padmanathan Karthick , Rout Chandra Sekhar 
Published: May 2015

AbstractNanostructured NiS thin film was prepared by a one‐step electrodeposition method and the structural, morphological characteristics of the as‐prepared films were analyzed by X‐ray diffractometry (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDAX). The electrocatalytic activity of NiS thin film towards glucose oxidation was investigated by fabricating a non‐enzymatic glucose sensor and the sensor performance was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry. The fabricated sensor showed excellent sensitivity and low detection limit with values of 7.43 μA μM−1 cm−2 and 0.32 μM, respectively, and a response time of <8 s.
Assessment of American Heart Association's Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics Among Employees of a Large Healthcare Organization: The Baptist Health South Florida Employee Study
Authors: Ogunmoroti Oluseye , Younus Adnan , Rouseff Maribeth , Spatz Erica S. , Das Sankalp , Parris Don , Aneni Ehimen , Holzwarth Leah , Guzman Henry , Tran Thinh , Roberson Lara , Ali Shozab S. , Agatston Arthur , Maziak Wasim , Feldman Theodore , Veledar Emir , Nasir Khurram 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundHealthcare organizations and their employees are critical role models for healthy living in their communities. The American Heart Association (AHA) 2020 impact goal provides a national framework that can be used to track the success of employee wellness programs with a focus on improving cardiovascular (CV) health. This study aimed to assess the CV health of the employees of Baptist Health South Florida (BHSF), a large nonprofit healthcare organization.HypothesisHRAs and wellness examinations can be used to measure the cardiovascular health status of an employee population.MethodsThe AHA's 7 CV health metrics (diet, physical activity, smoking, body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and blood glucose) categorized as ideal, intermediate, or poor were estimated among employees of BHSF participating voluntarily in an annual health risk assessment (HRA) and wellness fair. Age and gender differences were analyzed using χ2 test.ResultsThe sample consisted of 9364 employees who participated in the 2014 annual HRA and wellness fair (mean age [standard deviation], 43 [12] years, 74% women). Sixty (1%) individuals met the AHA's definition of ideal CV health. Women were more likely than men to meet the ideal criteria for more than 5 CV health metrics. The proportion of participants meeting the ideal criteria for more than 5 CV health metrics decreased with age.ConclusionsA combination of HRAs and wellness examinations can provide useful insights into the cardiovascular health status of an employee population. Future tracking of the CV health metrics will provide critical feedback on the impact of system wide wellness efforts as well as identifying proactive programs to assist in making substantial progress toward the AHA 2020 Impact Goal.
The Epidemiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Management of Chagas Heart Disease
Authors: Malik Lindsey H. , Singh Gagan D. , Amsterdam Ezra A. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTChagas disease results from infection by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and is endemic in Latin America. T cruzi is most commonly transmitted through the feces of an infected triatomine, but can also be congenital, via contaminated blood transfusion or through direct oral contact. In the acute phase, the disease can cause cardiac derangements such as myocarditis, conduction system abnormalities, and/or pericarditis. If left untreated, the disease advances to the chronic phase. Up to one‐half of these patients will develop a cardiomyopathy, which can lead to cardiac failure and/or ventricular arrhythmias, both of which are major causes of mortality. Diagnosis is confirmed by serologic testing for specific immunoglobulin G antibodies. Initial treatment consists of the antiparasitic agents benznidazole and nifurtimox. The treatment of Chagas cardiac disease comprises standard medical therapy for heart failure and amiodarone for ventricular arrhythmias, with consideration for implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator. Chagas disease causes the highest infectious burden of any parasitic disease in the Western Hemisphere, and increased awareness of this disease is essential to improve diagnosis, enhance management, and reduce spread.
WorkWays: interacting with scientific workflows
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Anh , Abramson David , Kipouros Timoleon , Janke Andrew , Galloway Graham 
Published: May 2015

SummaryWorkWays is a science gateway that supports human‐in‐the‐loop scientific workflows. Human–workflow interactions are enabled by a dynamic Input Output (IO) model, which allows users to insert data into, or export data out of, a continuously running workflow. WorkWays has been used to solve a number of scientific problems where the user wishes to examine intermediate results in order to interact with the computation as the workflow progresses. This interactive capability not only provides better insights into the computation but also allows users to focus on different input parameter combinations. We have implemented a variety of data types and modes of interaction to account for a wide range of use cases and application domains. This paper demonstrates the applicability of WorkWays on three use cases from different domains. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nanoconfined Solvothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Ultrafine Cu2NiSnS4 Nanotubes
Authors: Shi Liang , Li Yanan , Zheng Renkui 
Published: May 2015

AbstractUltrafine nanotubes of Cu2NiSnS4 having an average diameter of 4 nm were prepared by a convenient one‐step nanoconfined solvothermal approach. The confined reaction took place within the pores of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO). The structure, morphology, composition, optical absorption, and magnetic properties of the as‐prepared samples were characterized using X‐ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and superconducting quantum interference device measurements. A Rolling‐up mechanism was proposed to explain the formation of Cu2NiSnS4 nanotubes. Thin films prepared from the nanotubes showed a photoelectric response, thus indicating a potential application for photovoltaic devices.
Environmental Impacts of SMEs and the Effects of Formal Management Tools: Evidence from EU's Largest Survey
Authors: Graafland Johan , Smid Hugo 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTMuch literature on corporate social responsibility suggests that formal management tools to manage environmental impacts, such as environmental reporting or ISO14001 certification, are not suitable for small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). Other studies, however, argue that using some form of formalization helps SMEs to improve environmental management. This paper empirically studies the hypothesis that relatively simple formal management tools in the form of using targets improve the environmental impacts of SMEs. Based on a unique dataset with environmental performance data of 5205 SMEs in 12 European countries, we find ample support for this hypothesis. Since only 25% of SMEs use targets, there is room for substantial improvement in environmental impacts if all SMEs were to implement this relatively simple process step. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
The Causal Link between Sustainable Disclosure and Information Asymmetry: The Moderating Role of the Stakeholder Protection Context
Authors: Martínez‐Ferrero Jennifer , Ruiz‐Cano David , García‐Sánchez Isabel‐María 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTThe main focus in this study is on analyzing the effect that voluntary information disclosure concerning corporate social responsibility (CSR) has on information asymmetry and its evidence in the stakeholder protection context. The use of the generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator for an international sample of 575 for the period 2003 to 2009, highlights how voluntary disclosure regarding CSR aspects reduces the problems of asymmetric information between the different market agents, which is especially important in environments characterized by a strong focus and commitment to stakeholders. Moreover, voluntary disclosure of information could arise from the existence of private information and agency conflicts. Therefore and in addition, this evidence is complemented by showing the bidirectional relationship between voluntary disclosure and asymmetric information in such environments. Thus, greater asymmetric information leads to higher voluntary information disclosure practices, which are able to reduce the agency problem in environments characterized by strong socially responsible commitment. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
When collective memories of victimhood fade: Generational evolution of intergroup attitudes and political aspirations in Belgium
Authors: Rimé Bernard , Bouchat Pierre , Klein Olivier , Licata Laurent 
Published: May 2015

AbstractCollective memory theories propose that groups' remembrances of their past depend upon their current social situation. In Belgium, a significant proportion of Dutch speakers share a collective memory of past victimisation by French speakers and fight for an ever‐larger autonomy of their region. Yet, as the respective economic, political and social situations of the linguistic regions of Belgium recently evolved with a reversal of fortunes, the current experience of younger Dutch speakers does not fit the traditional memory anymore. We thus predicted that the collective memories of victimhood would decline amongst them, thus bringing changes in intergroup attitudes and political aspirations. Three generations were compared in a survey of 1226 French‐speaking and 1457 Dutch‐speaking individuals. For both groups, younger generations evidenced less regionalist and more integrative positions than older ones. However, these effects were stronger for Dutch‐speaking respondents, and for them, collective memory of victimhood mediated the relation linking age and identification with Belgium, intergroup attitudes and political aspirations. We concluded that the current social context has decisive consequences for collective remembrances, which, in turn, impact intergroup relations and political attitudes and choices.
The watching eyes phenomenon: The role of a sense of being seen and public self‐awareness
Authors: Pfattheicher Stefan , Keller Johannes 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn recent years, a growing number of researchers have examined the watching eyes phenomenon (i.e., increased prosocial and decreased antisocial behavior when subtle watching eyes are present in the environment). Somewhat surprisingly, the questions of how and under what conditions subtle cues of being watched operate have been unanswered so far. The present contribution addresses this research gap. In two studies, we document that (a) subtle cues of being watched induce a sense of being seen and (b) chronic public self‐awareness moderates the watching eyes phenomenon in that specifically individuals with strong chronic public self‐awareness show more prosocial behavior under conditions of watching eyes. The applicability of subtle cues of being watched in research on social presence is discussed.
Recent Developments on Alternative Proton Exchange Membranes: Strategies for Systematic Performance Improvement
Authors: Zhang Yunfeng , Li Jing , Ma Liang , Cai Weiwei , Cheng Hansong 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe development of cost‐effective, high performance, and durable proton exchange membranes (PEMs) as an alternative to Nafion represents one of the key technical challenges for the mass deployment of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology in the market place. This review focuses on the most important attributes of PEM materials, namely, proton conductivity, mechanical stability, and fuel permeability, and relates these properties with the structural design of new materials. Various strategies for enhancing device performance with these materials are highlighted and a comparison of different designs of membrane structures for achieving improved target properties is made. Possible solutions for overcoming the shortcomings of alternative PEM materials against Nafion are discussed.
Explicit Modeling of Ancestry Improves Polygenic Risk Scores and BLUP Prediction
Authors: Chen Chia‐Yen , Han Jiali , Hunter David J. , Kraft Peter , Price Alkes L. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTPolygenic prediction using genome‐wide SNPs can provide high prediction accuracy for complex traits. Here, we investigate the question of how to account for genetic ancestry when conducting polygenic prediction. We show that the accuracy of polygenic prediction in structured populations may be partly due to genetic ancestry. However, we hypothesized that explicitly modeling ancestry could improve polygenic prediction accuracy. We analyzed three GWAS of hair color (HC), tanning ability (TA), and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in European Americans (sample size from 7,440 to 9,822) and considered two widely used polygenic prediction approaches: polygenic risk scores (PRSs) and best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP). We compared polygenic prediction without correction for ancestry to polygenic prediction with ancestry as a separate component in the model. In 10‐fold cross‐validation using the PRS approach, the R2 for HC increased by 66% (0.0456–0.0755; P < 10−16), the R2 for TA increased by 123% (0.0154 to 0.0344; P < 10−16), and the liability‐scale R2 for BCC increased by 68% (0.0138–0.0232; P < 10−16) when explicitly modeling ancestry, which prevents ancestry effects from entering into each SNP effect and being overweighted. Surprisingly, explicitly modeling ancestry produces a similar improvement when using the BLUP approach, which fits all SNPs simultaneously in a single variance component and causes ancestry to be underweighted. We validate our findings via simulations, which show that the differences in prediction accuracy will increase in magnitude as sample sizes increase. In summary, our results show that explicitly modeling ancestry can be important in both PRS and BLUP prediction.
“My Journey of Hope and Peace”
Authors: Stewart Mary Amanda 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis article details a project with students who are refugees who read and wrote about the refugee experience to give the instructor important information about their lives. The high school students first read various texts about the refugee experience that guided their class discussions, journal writing, and graphic illustrations of their journeys. Through a weeklong writers’ workshop during a summer literacy program, students published their final narratives. The project illustrates how refugee students have vast knowledge through their lived experiences that often gives them a unique perspective of their own life events. By writing about their journeys to the United States, the students engaged deeply in multiple modes of literacy while sharing their powerful voices, which transformed the community of learners, including the teacher.
Developmental toxicity and endocrine disruption of naphthenic acids on the early life stage of zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Wang Jie , Cao Xiaofeng , Huang Yi , Tang Xiaoyan 
Published: May 2015

AbstractOil sands process‐affected water (OSPW) has been reported to exhibit adverse effects on the environment and wildlife. Although the compounds responsible are unknown, naphthenic acids (NAs) have been considered to be implicated. The current study was designed to investigate whether NAs might cause developmental toxicity and endocrine disruption on the early life stage of zebrafish (Danio rerio). The success of embryo hatch was inhibited by 2.5 mg l–1 oil sands NAs (OS‐NAs) exposure, and both OSPW NAs and commercial NAs (C‐NAs) exposure resulted in a variety of developmental lesions in the fish larvae, such as yolk sac edema, pericardial edema and spinal malformation. The transcription of genes involved cytochrome P450 aromatase (CYP19a and CYP19b), estrogen receptors (ERα, ERβ1 and ERβ2), and vitellogenin (VTG) was analyzed to evaluate the endocrine disrupting effects of NAs. Significant up‐regulated gene expressions of CYP19b, ERα and VTG were observed in both OS‐NAs and C‐NAs groups, which indicated the deleteriously estrogenic potential of NAs. These results confirmed that NAs derived from crude petroleum could negatively impact the development and endocrine function of zebrafish, and be primarily responsible for the toxicity of OSPW. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of ex‐vivo confocal scanning microscopic features and their histological correlates in human skin
Authors: Hartmann Daniela , Ruini Cristel , Mathemeier Leonie , Dietrich Andreas , Ruzicka Thomas , von Braunmühl Tanja 
Published: May 2015

Ex‐vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) is an emerging diagnostic tool allowing fast and easy microscopic tissue examination. The first generation of ex‐vivo devices have already shown promising results in the ex‐vivo evaluation of basal cell carcinoma compared to Mohs surgery. Nevertheless, for the diagnostics of pathological skin lesions the knowledge of normal skin features is essential. Therefore we examined 50 samples of healthy skin from various donor sites including head and neck (n = 25), trunk (n = 10), upper (n = 10) and lower extremities (n = 5) using a new generation ex‐vivo CLSM device offering three different laser wavelengths and compared the findings to the corresponding histological sections. In correlation with the histopathology we identified different layers of the epidermis, differentiated keratinocytes from melanocytes and described in detail skin appendages including hair follicle, sebaceous and sweat glands. Furthermore, structures of the dermis and subcutis were illustrated. Additionally, artefacts and pitfalls occurring with the use of ex‐vivo CLSM have been documented. The study offers an overview of the main ex‐vivo CLSM skin characteristics in comparison to the standard histological examination and helps to recognize and avoid common artefacts.
Anatomy of a hair follicle in the reflectance mode (RM) CLSM, fluorescence mode (FM) CLSM and in a routine hematoxylin‐eosin stained histological section (H).magnified imageAnatomy of a hair follicle in the reflectance mode (RM) CLSM, fluorescence mode (FM) CLSM and in a routine hematoxylin‐eosin stained histological section (H).