bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formulation and Evaluation of Serum Gel from Sengkubak Leaf Extract (Pycnarrhena Cauliflora Diels)
Authors: Rini Ilma Widya , Budi Setia , Tumanggor Agustina Hotma Uli 
Published: August 2024

Background: Serum has a high concentration but a low viscosity. a facial serum that has a fairly good ability to absorb into the skin, releases the active substance of the serum well and is easy to apply to the face. Sengkubak (Pycnarrhena cauliflora Diels) is a type of plant in the Menispermaceae family which can be found in West Kalimantan. Sengkubak also has good potential to be developed as a source of antioxidant compounds
Objectives: Knowing the optimal formulation of sengkubak leaf extract serum gel (Pycnarrhena Cauliflora Diels) and knowing the evaluation of the physical properties of Sengkubak leaf extract serum gel (Pycnarrhena Cauliflora Diels)
Method: The study used a quasi-experimental design method with varying concentrations of 1 gram, 1.5 grams and 2 grams of natrosol. Serum gel was evaluated for physical organoleptic, homogeneity, spreadability, dry time, adhesion, pH, and viscosity.
Results: The results of the observations on the viscous liquid organoleptic test and on the homogeneity test of homogeneous preparations. the most optimal spreadability test results were formulation 1, the most optimal drying time was formulation 1. the most optimal adhesion test results were formulation 1, the most optimal ph test results were formula 1, and the most optimal viscosity test were formulation 2.
Conclusion: The most optimal serum gel of sengkubak leaf extract (Pycnarrhena Cauliflora Diels) is formulation 1, with a concentration of 1 gram.
Metagenomic next-generation sequencing targeted and metagenomic next-generation sequencing for pulmonary infection in HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected individuals
Authors: Sun Luyao , Zhang Kaiyu , Liu Yong , Che Lihe , Zhang Peng , Wang Bin , Du Na 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundWhen individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) experience pulmonary infections, they often exhibit severe symptoms and face a grim prognosis. Consequently, early, rapid, and accurate pathogen diagnosis is vital for informing effective treatment strategies. This study aimed to use metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and targeted mNGS (tNGS) to elucidate the characteristics of pulmonary infections in HIV and non-HIV individuals.MethodsThis study enrolled 90 patients with pulmonary infection at the Department of Infectious Diseases of The First Hospital of Jilin University from June 2022 to May 2023, and they were divided into HIV (n=46) and non-HIV (n=44) infection groups. Their bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected for mNGS analysis to evaluate the differences in pulmonary infection pathogens, and tNGS detection was performed on BALF samples from 15 HIV-infected patients.ResultsA total of 37 pathogens were identified in this study, including 21 bacteria, 5 fungi, 5 viruses, 5 mycobacteria, and 1 mycoplasma. The sensitivity of mNGS was 78.9% (71/90), which is significantly higher than that of conventional methods (CTM) (39/90, P=1.5E-8). The combination of mNGS with CTM can greatly enhance the sensitivity of pathogen detection. The prevalence of Pneumocystis jirovecii (82.6% vs. 9.1%), cytomegalovirus (CMV) (58.7% vs. 0%), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (17.4% vs. 2.3%) was significantly higher in the HIV infection group than in the non-HIV infection group (P&lt;0.05). Although no statistically significant difference was observed, the detection rate of Mycobacteria was higher in HIV-infected patients (17.4%) than in the non-HIV group (6.8%). Furthermore, the tNGS results of BALF from 15 HIV-infected patients were not entirely consistent with the mNGS results., and the concordance rate of tNGS for the detection of main pathogens reached 86.7% (13/15).ConclusionNext-generation sequencing (NGS) can accurately detect pathogens in the BALF of patients with pulmonary infection. The sensitivity of tNGS is comparable to that of mNGS. Therefore, this technique should be promoted in the clinic for better patient outcomes.
Effectiveness of foot skin protection technology in elderly patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Zhou Lin , Song Pin-Fang , Qin Wen , Jia Qing , Miao Fei , Bai Jiao-Jiao 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of foot skin protection technology in elderly patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.MethodsThe foot skin protection technology was developed based on a comprehensive literature review and preliminary research conducted by our research team. Subsequently, 88 elderly patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy and experiencing foot skin problems were recruited from two community health service centers in Shanghai. Using a random number table, the participants were randomly assigned to either the control group or the experimental group. Patients in the experimental group received foot skin protection technology interventions, while those in the control group received standard community nursing guidance for a duration of 3 months. The incidence, severity, and discomfort associated with foot skin problems were evaluated before and after the intervention period in both groups.ResultsThe incidence, severity, and discomfort of foot skin problems notably reduced in the experimental group (all P&lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe foot skin protection technology demonstrates significant potential in enhancing foot skin condition.
Mannitol mediates the mummification behavior of Thitarodes xiaojinensis larvae infected with Ophiocordyceps sinensis
Authors: Chai Wenmin , Mao Xianbing , Li Chunfeng , Zhu Liancai , He Zongyi , Wang Bochu 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionParasites can facilitate their own spread and reproduction by manipulating insect hosts behavior, as seen in the interaction between Thitarodes xiaojinensis and Ophiocordyceps sinensis. Infection by O. sinensis leads to the mummification of T. xiaojinensis larvae, but the underlying mechanisms remain mysterious.MethodsThe morphology of O. sinensis infected larvae and fungal growth were first observed. Subsequently, the metabolite changes in the larvae before and after infection with the fungus were analyzed by LC/MS and targeted metabolomics. The expression of mannitol-related genes was detected using RT-qPCR, and morphological changes in larvae were observed after injection of different concentrations of mannitol into the O. sinensis-infected larvae.ResultsSignificant changes were found in phenotype, fungal morphology in hemocoel, larval hardness, and mannitol metabolites in infected, mummified 0 h larvae and larvae 5 days after mummification behavior. Surprisingly, the occurrence of mummification behavior was accompanied by fungal dimorphism, as well as the absence of mannitol in both infected and non-infected larvae, until the initial accumulation of mannitol and the expression of mannitol-associated genes occurred at the time of mummification behavior. The presence of mannitol may promote fungal dimorphism to mediate changes in fungal toxicity or resistance, leading to the end of the fungus-insect coexistence period and the incidence of mummification behavior. Furthermore, mannitol injections increase the mummification rate of the infected larvae without significant difference from the normal mummification phenotype.DiscussionThis finding suggests the importance of mannitol in the mummification of host larvae infected with O. sinensis.
Capturing subjective cognitive decline with a new combined index in low education patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Huang Juan , Wang Hui , Chen Lin , Hu Binbin , Qin Xin , Yang Qiushuang , Cui Yajing , Chen Shenjian , Huang Wei 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesSubjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) refers to self-reported cognitive decline with normal global cognition. This study aimed to capture SCD among low educated patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) using a newly established indicator.MethodsWe recruited 64 PD patients with low education levels (education ≤12 years) for the study. The presence of SCD was determined based on a Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Part I (1.1) score ≥ 1. Spearman analysis and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate factors associated with the PD-SCD group. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the new combined index.ResultsThe prevalence of SCD in PD patients was 43.75%. Low educated PD-SCD patients had higher scores on the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS), Parkinson’s Fatigue Scale (PFS), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), as well as higher scores on the UPDRS-I and UPDRS-II, compared to PD patients without SCD. They also demonstrated poorer performance on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), particularly in the domains of executive abilities/attention/language. Multivariate binary regression confirmed the significant association between PD-SCD and MoCA-executive abilities/attention/language. Based on these findings, a combined index was established by summing the scores of MoCA-executive abilities, MoCA-attention, and MoCA-language. ROC analysis showed that the combined index could differentiate PD-SCD patients with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.876. A score of 12 or less on the combined index had a sensitivity of 73.9% and a specificity of 76.2% for diagnosing PD-SCD.ConclusionThese low education patients with PD-SCD may exhibit potential PD-related pathological changes. It is important for clinicians to identify PD-SCD patients as early as possible. The newly combined index can help capture these low educated PD-SCD patients, with an AUC of 0.867, and is expected to assist clinicians in earlier identification and better management of PD patients.
Umami and saltiness enhancements of vegetable soup by enzyme-produced glutamic acid and branched-chain amino acids
Authors: Sakai Kiyota , Okada Masamichi , Yamaguchi Shotaro 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionOne major challenge of reducing salt content in food is the risk of the overall taste becoming bland. Enhancing saltiness is an effective strategy for salt reduction, and the development of salt-reduced foods using these saltiness-enhancing flavorants as food additives is underway. However, an increasing number of consumers demand a reduction in additives in clean-label foods.ObjectiveEnzyme processing of food is an attractive strategy for developing clean-label foods because enzymes are not considered additives. We aimed to improve the saltiness and umami intensity of vegetable soups by enzyme treatment while meeting clean-label requirements. We first optimized the enzymatic reaction conditions of a protease and glutaminase blend and then investigated the synergistic effects of this enzyme blend on the taste of vegetable soup.ResultsSensory evaluations indicated that the reaction products (e.g., protein hydrolysates or amino acids) could enhance the umami, kokumi, and saltiness intensity of vegetable soup supplemented with 0.5% NaCl. Notably, the saltiness intensity ratio of the enzyme-treated soup with 0.50, 0.45, and 0.40% NaCl were increased by 1.31-, 1.16-, and 0.99-fold, respectively, when this ratio for the control soup with 0.50% NaCl was set to 1.0. This indicates a 20% salt reduction rate can be achieved by enzyme treatment. Moreover, we found that these enhancements were synergically caused by enzyme-produced glutamic acid and branched-chain amino acids.ConclusionOur findings suggest that using enzyme blends of bacterial and fungal proteases and glutaminase is an effective approach to enhancing the saltiness levels of vegetable soups while meeting clean-label requirements.
Differential Strategies of Ectomycorrhizal Development between Suillus luteus and Pinus massoniana in Response to Nutrient Changes
Authors: Pan Xueyu , Liang Junfeng , Zhang Jinhua , Zhao Yan , Chen Mingjie 
Published: August 2024

Ectomycorrhizal fungi employ different strategies for mycelial growth and host colonization under varying nutrient conditions. However, key genes associated with mycorrhizal interaction should be influenced solely by the inoculation treatment and not by nutrient variations. To utilize subtle nutrient differences and rapidly screen for key genes related to the interaction between Suillus luteus and Pinus massoniana, we performed an inoculation experiment using culture bottles containing high- and low-nutrient media. Interestingly, S. luteus LS88 promoted the growth of P. massoniana seedlings without mature ectomycorrhiza, and the impact of LS88 inoculation on P. massoniana roots was greater than that of nutrient changes. In this study, the resequenced genome of the LS88 strain was utilized for transcriptome analysis of the strain. The analysis indicated that a unique gene encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST) in LS88 is likely involved in colonizing P. massoniana roots. In this study, the GST gene expression was independent of nutrient levels. It was probably induced by P. massoniana and could be used as a marker for S. luteus colonization degree.
METHODOLOGY FOR PROCESSING SURFACE WAVES RECORDED DURING 3D SEISMIC SURVEYS WITH TOWED EQUIPMENT TO STUDY THE STRUCTURE OF THE UPPER PART OF THE SHELF SECTION OF THE PECHORA SEA
Authors: Половков В.В. , Терёхина Я.Е. , Рахимов Э.А. , Кудинов А.А. , Пономаренко А.В. , Соловьева М.А. , Буланова И.А. , Токарев М.Ю. , Горбачев С.В. 
Published: August 2024

На акваториях для обеспечения безопасности бурения и строительства объектов донной инфраструктуры на шельфе необходимо выполнять комплекс геолого-геофизических исследований, направленный на изучение верхней части разреза и выявление опасных геологических процессов. В рамках данной работы была выполнена уникальная специализированная обработка 3D стандартных морских сейсмических данных на отраженных и поверхностных волнах по технологии MASW (Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves) с целью детального изучения верхней части разреза шельфа Печорского моря. В результате проделанной работы удалось убедительно показать эффективность метода MASW при изучении верхней части разреза на акваториях; выработать оптимальную методику обработки поверхностных волн; разработать методические рекомендации, которые могут быть полезными для реализации других проектов; уточнить положение некоторых типов ОГПиЯ (палеоврезов, грубообломочных отложений), а также получить дополнительную информацию об их свойствах и глубинном положении.
To ensure the safety of drilling and construction of bottom work facilities on the shelf, it is necessary to conduct a complex of geological and geophysical studies aimed at studying the upper part of the section and identifying the model of geological processes. As part of this work, a unique specialized processing of 3D standard marine seismic data on reflection and surface waves was performed using MASW (Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves) technology for the purpose of a detailed study of the upper part of the Pechora Sea shelf section. As a result of the work done, it was possible to convincingly demonstrate the effectiveness of the MASW method in studying the upper part of the section in water areas; develop an optimal method for processing surface waves with registered towed streamers; develop methodological recommendations that can be used to implement other projects; clarify the position of some types of geological hazards and to obtain additional information on their properties and depth.
FEATURES OF NEAR-SURFACE AND SHALLOW GAS-SATURATED INTERVALS OF THE PECHORA SEA SECTION AND METHODS OF THEIR IDENTIFICATION
Authors: Буланова И.А. , Соловьева М.А. , Терёхина Я.Е. , Дернова А.С. , Росляков А.Г. , Пирогова А.С. , Токарев М.Ю. , Горбачев С.В. , Засухин М.М. 
Published: August 2024

На мелководных участках шельфа Печорского моря в первой сотне метров широко распространены отложения повышенной газонасыщенности, требующие детального изучения, так как они непосредственно влияют на безопасность строительства различных сооружений, а также часто маскируют расположенные глубже потенциально неблагоприятные интервалы разреза. В данной работе обсуждаются результаты анализа различных сейсмических материалов с целью выявления зон распространения газонасыщенных отложений с применением целого спектра методов обработки и интерпретации. Кроме того, задачи территориального планирования требуют изучения значительной площади исследований, в то время как данные ИГФИ, как правило, характеризуют ограниченную площадь, не позволяющую масштабно откартировать газонасыщенные области. В тексте приводится методика анализа, направленная на решение данной проблемы.
In the shallow water areas of the Pechora Sea shelf in the first hundred meters there are widespread deposits of increased gas saturation which require detailed study as they directly affect the safety of the construction of various structures and often mask potentially unfavorable intervals of the deeper section. This paper discusses the results of analyses of various seismic materials to identify zones of gas-saturated sediments using a range of interpretation methods. In addition, spatial planning tasks require a large survey area, while engineering geophysical surveys data usually characterize a limited area, which does not allow for large-scale mapping of gas-saturated areas. The text provides a methodology of analysis aimed at solving this problem.
FEATURES OF COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF ADOLESCENTS WITH RETARDED MENTAL DEVELOPMENT AND THE CONTENT OF THEIR ACTIVITIES ON THE INTERNET
Authors: Волкова И.П. , Володина Ю.А. 
Published: August 2024

В статье представлены результаты эмпирического исследования особенностей коммуникативной компетентности подростков с задержанным психическим развитием и содержания их деятельности в цифровом пространстве. Показаны различия в содержании учебной, коммуникативной деятельности подростков в интернет-пространстве. Использование методов математической статистики позволили выявить статистически значимые различия в выраженности показателей коммуникативной компетентности подростков с задержанным и нормативным развитием, значимые корреляции показателей активности в интернет-пространстве и умениями, обеспечивающими эффективное общение подростков с задержкой психического развития со сверстниками.
The article presents the results of an empirical research of the characteristics of the communicative competence of adolescents with delayed mental development and the content of their activities in the digital space. There are differences in the content of educational and communicative activities of adolescents in the Internet space. The use of mathematical statistics methods made it possible to identify statistically significant differences in the severity of indicators of communicative competence of adolescents with delayed and normative development, significant correlations of activity indicators in the Internet space and skills that ensure effective communication of adolescents with mental retardation with peers.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEGRAL INDEX OF MENTAL HEALTH BASED ON ANALYSIS OF THE BRAIN ACOUSTIC FIELD
Authors: Бартош Т.П. , Шабанов Г.А. 
Published: August 2024

Цель исследования - разработка интегрального индекса психического здоровья на основе спектрального анализа микровибраций головного мозга. На примере коллектива специалистов, которые проживают и работают в дискомфортных условиях Крайнего Севера, представлено исследование по разработке индекса психического здоровья, как возможности диагностики функции организма. Получена частота функциональной группы микровибраций головного мозга, которая определяет величину Интегрального индекса психического здоровья человека.
The aim of the study is to develop an integral index of mental health based on spectral analysis of brain micro-vibrations. Using the example of a team of specialists who live and work in the uncomfortable conditions of the Far North, a study on the development of a mental health index as an opportunity to diagnose body function is presented. The frequency of the functional group of brain micro-vibrations was obtained, which determines the value of the Integral Index of Human Mental Health.
FEATURES OF POSTURAL CONTROL IN CHILDREN OF SENIOR PRESCHOOL AGE UNDER MOTOR-COGNITIVE LOADS
Authors: Силантьева О.М. , Баландина О.В. , Насонова У.А. , Брак И.В. , Тарадай Ю.М. , Толстоброва Е.М. 
Published: August 2024

Постуральный контроль является неотъемлемой частью в развитии двигательных функций и моторного онтогенеза ребёнка. Для целей определения особенностей постурального и двигательного контроля были проведены серии экспериментов с помощью диагностических методик с использованием стабилометрических критериев. Сравнивались показатели функции равновесия у мальчиков и девочек старшего дошкольного возраста. В результате анализа полученных данных были определены информативные показатели функции равновесия у детей.
Postural control plays a crucial role in the motor skill development and ontogenesis of children. This study aims to investigate postural and motor control features through a series of experiments employing stabilometric diagnostic techniques. A comparison of equilibrium function indicators was conducted among boys and girls in the senior preschool age group. Through data analysis, significant indicators contributing to the understanding of children's equilibrium function were identified.
THE NEED TO INTRODUCE A SINGLE FLEXIBLE ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL INSTRUMENT FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF REMOTE AND "MIXED" TRAINING OF MILITARY SERVICE SERVICEMEN RESERVED
Authors: Резунков Д.А. , Тегза В.Ю. 
Published: August 2024

Социально-психологическая адаптация военнослужащих, проходящих службу в Вооруженных Силах Российской Федерации и увольняемых в запас, и включение их в систему совершенствования кадровой политики высокотехнологичных предприятий Санкт-Петербурга, обеспечивающих разработку и производство инновационной конкурентоспособной продукции и способствующих решению проблем промышленного и социально-экономическое развитие Петербурга на долгосрочную перспективу до сих пор остается нерешенным. Следовательно, для военнослужащих, проходящих военную службу по контракту, необходимо организовать дополнительное профессиональное образование (переподготовку) в период прохождения службы с элементами электронного образования, при этом целесообразно учитывать потенциал цифровых психолого-реабилитационных мероприятий, что повысит социальную адаптацию военнослужащих кадры для государственной службы.
Social and psychological adaptation of military personnel serving in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and being transferred to the reserve and including them in the system of improving personnel policy for high-tech enterprises of St. Petersburg, which ensure the development and production of innovative competitive products and contribute to solving the problems of industrial and socio-economic development Petersburg for the long term is still unresolved. Therefore, for military personnel undergoing military service on a contract basis, it is necessary to organize additional professional education (retraining) during the period of service with elements of electronic education, while it is appropriate to take into account the potential of digital psychological and rehabilitation measures, which will increase the social adaptation of military personnel to civil service.