bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementing policies and predictive stochastic models to attend to borderline personality disorder crises: the dysthymia-suicide cycle
Authors: Lazzari C. G. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionUK healthcare is undergoing significant challenges in facing borderline personality disorder (BPD) and accommodating the increased demand to allocate sufficient care and carers to deal with BPD’s growing number and emotional and suicidal crises.ObjectivesTo generate forecasting models and preventive policies to deal with BPD crises and improve the effectiveness of the UK National Healthcare Service in suicide prevention (NHS).MethodsThe underlying analysis framework is stochastic forecasting. We used current knowledge and data to complete systematic future predictions extracted from recent trends. A logical-mathematical model generated the required expressions. The software for logic prediction and annotation was Wolfram Alpha (Wolframalpha.com).Results
Persons with BPD become suicidal because the team cannot comprehend and address the cycle of dysthymia, rumination and suicide. The BPD crises start from Stage 1 (α), assessing the comorbidity between BPD with dysthymia, cyclothymia, autism and ADHD. Teams shall avoid overmedication as ineffective. Stage 2 (β) is introspection and rumination, which do not respond to pharmacotherapy. The health carers establish if rumination is present and suggest distraction techniques. Stage 3 (γ) is when constant rumination with catastrophising leads to hopelessness. Stage 4 (δ) is when BPD starts feeling more anxious, depressed and unable to stop rumination. We suggest thought-stopping techniques and discourage social isolation, which triggers rumination. As BPDs use external locus of control and aim for higher dosages of antidepressants and anxiolytics with minimal effect, we explain that medication is not the only solution. Stage 5 (ε) is a crisis and panic attack because constant rumination brings back traumatic thoughts focused on the past, present and future. This is when BPDs self-refer to the hospital, attempt suicide, and feel that hospital admission is the only solution. The stages combined generated Model I. The Model II forecast Δ from this study is that we will observe a higher frequency (Δ) of hospital occupancy (Δbo = A), suicidal attempts (Δsa = B), and heavy service use (Δsu = C) by BPDs.ConclusionsThe predictive model algorithm has thus extracted (1) Model I (Analysis): [α → (β → (γ → (δ → ε)))] = Z; The truth density for Model I and its strength of prediction for stage progression is 96.87% in the dysthymia-rumination-suicide cycle; and (2) Model II (Prediction): Z implies (A And B And C), Z→A ∩ B ∩ C; the truth density for the Model II is 56.25% for predicting a national shortage of healthcare resources. The combined models predict a truth of 73.81% in the outcomes of BPD crises in the UK NHS due to the dysthymia-suicide cycle.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Association Study of Suicidal Behavior, Early Trauma, and Psychological Pain in Depressed Women
Authors: De-Melo-Neto V. L. , Melo J. F. , Silva L. M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe stress-diathesis model, which indicates an interaction between vulnerability and stress factors is the most acceptable paradigm to explain suicide.ObjectivesTo assess the association between suicidal behavior, early trauma, and psychological pain among women undergoing psychiatric treatment for a major depression episode.MethodsIt was a cross-sectional study approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the State University of Health Sciences of Alagoas (UNCISAL) - Brazil (approval number: 14689219.1.0000.5011). The final sample of 48 women was obtained through non-probabilistic, convenience, and consecutive sampling. Data were collected from depressed adult women undergoing outpatient psychiatric treatment in public services in the State of Alagoas, Brazil. The instruments used included a sociodemographic questionnaire prepared exclusevly for this research, modules A, B, and C of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.7.0.2), the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), the Psychache Scale (PAS); and the Childhood Trauma Quetionnaire (CTQ). Data were analyzed using SPSS 22. After performing the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Student´s t tests were conducted for parametric analyses. Statistical significance was established at a p-value less than 0.05ResultsThe mean age of the total sample was 42.5 years old. 89.6% presented suicidal behavior. 62.5% of the women had major depression and 37.5% had bipolar disorder diagnosis. BDI-II scores were significantly higher among depressed women with suicidal behavior (27.9 ±13.4 vs.16.6 ±6.9; p value:0.04). BDI-II scores were also significantly higher in both passive (29.4±12.6 vs. 13.4±8.5; p value:0.01) and active (31.4±12.2 vs. 18.0±11.3; p value<.01) suicide ideation groups compared to depressed women who did report these thoughts. Psychological pain scores were also hihger in both passive (46.0±12.8 vs. 34.8±14.6; p value:0.03) and active (47.7±12.4 vs. 38.1±12.7; p value:0.02) suicide ideation groups. Women with active suicide ideation were also more prone to report a history of childhood physical neglect compared to those women who did not report active suicide ideation in the last 30 days (12.5±4.6 vs. 9.2±4.0; p value:0.02).ConclusionsThe present study aimed to investigate the association between suicidal behavior, childhood trauma, and psychological pain in depressed women undergoing treatment in outpatient psychiatric public services. The results indicated that suicidal ideation (both passive and active) was associated with a more severe depressive episode and higher scores of psychological pain, demonstrating that psychological pain is an indicator of acute suicide risk in depressed women even when they are undergoing psychiatric treatment. Effectively identifying and addressing psychological pain can play a pivotal role in reducing or mitigating the risk of suicidal behavior.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Stigma and its impact on Quality of Life among Early Career Mental Health Professionals
Authors: Marchini S. , Vidal Adroher C. , Alansari S. , Turan B. , Sulais A. , AlDandan F. , AlEid F. , Al Ali M. , Grujicic R. , AlMarshedi A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionStigma towards mental health has been described as a major obstacle to seek help and access to mental health services. This could result in a worsened Quality of Life (QoL). There is a little evidence of stigma in Mental Health Professionals and its consequences, especially in Early Career ones (ECMPH), who can be a more vulnerable group. There is even more lack of studies with multicultural approaches. Exploring stigma, support systems and access to these, and the link of these factors with QoL is essential to develop effective strategies to support ECMHP, for both their own mental health and providing care to patients.ObjectivesThis study aims to explore the association between ECMHP’s stigma towards mental health and their QoL, and to identify predictors of QoL among this population.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we designed an online survey to collect data among ECMHP, identified as having completed training since less than 7 years. QoL was assessed using the WHO-QoL. Stigma towards mental health was measured with the Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers (OMS-HC). Other general sociodemographic data were also collected. Descriptive results are resumed in absolute and relative frequencies for categorical variables. Student’s t-test and ANOVA were used to analyse scores in WHO-QoL and OMS-HC according to categorical variables. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to assess the association between WHO-QoL and OMS-HC. Simple and multiple linear regression were used to study the effect of stigma on QoL, taking into account potential confounders.ResultsWe collected data from 277 ECMHP from Europe (54.15%) and Asia (45.85%). Only 20% of our sample knew that their workplace has staff dedicated for mental health practitioners support, and among those, only 44% had visited it. OMS-HC total scores were significantly higher (p<0,05) in nurses and practitioners without a sufficient support system and without a mental disorder. WHO-QoL total scores were significantly higher in participants with sufficient support systems, and without a mental or physical illness. There was a negative correlation between OMS-HC and WHO-QoL total scores. Univariate analysis showed that OMS-HC total scores predicted WHO-QoL total scores. In the multivariate analysis, OMS-HC total scores, having a mental illness and having sufficient support, independently predicted WHO-QoL total scores, even when adjusted for sociodemographic variables.ConclusionsStigma towards mental health is related to QoL in ECMHP. Also, having sufficient support in the workplace improves QoL in this population. More studies are needed to help clarify the relationship between stigma and QoL using a longitudinal design.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Experiences and attitudes of UK early career psychiatrists towards electroconvulsive therapy
Authors: Alexander L. , Bhatia G. , Pinto da Costa M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is effective in treating severe major depressive disorder, manic episodes, and catatonia. Despite this, it is a controversial treatment amongst patients, carers, and even some psychiatrists in the UK.ObjectivesTo determine the experiences and perceptions of UK psychiatric trainees and early-career psychiatrists regarding the use of ECT in clinical practice.Methods
An anonymous survey was distributed online to UK psychiatric trainees and early-career psychiatrists across the country. The questionnaire consisted of 36 multiple-choice and Likert scale questions.ResultsSo far, 44 trainees and early-career psychiatrists have responded. The vast majority had witnessed ECT administration during training and had administered ECT under supervision. Most respondents agreed or strongly agreed that ECT was a safe and effective treatment, and most respondents disagreed or strongly disagreed that ECT is cruel or outdated. There were more varied views regarding perceptions of side effects and contraindications: a minority of respondents were unsure about whether ECT had long-term side effects, and whilst most respondents disagreed or strongly disagreed that ECT has many risks and contraindications, just under half were unsure or agreed.Conclusions
Most UK psychiatric trainees and early-career psychiatrists have experience of ECT during training and believe ECT is a safe and effective treatment. Respondents had a mixed view regarding the side-effect profile and risks/contraindications of ECT, which may be an important area for further education and training.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The approach of physiotherapists in the management of patients with persistent pain and comorbid anxiety/depression: are there any differences between male and female professionals?
Authors: Nicolini G. , Chiesa M. , Buoli M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionChronic pain is a prevalent condition that is frequently complicated by concomitant mood and anxiety disorders. Very preliminary data indicate that female physiotherapists could have a better attitude towards psychiatric disorders.ObjectivesPurpose of the present article is to identify eventual differences in the management of patients with chronic pain and anxiety/mood disorders depending on the physiotherapists’ gender.MethodsAn ad-hoc questionnaire was developed and sent to physiotherapists by e-mail. The two group identified by gender were compared by unpaired sample t tests for continuous variables and χ2 tests for qualitative ones. A binary logistic regression was then performed with factors resulted statistically significant at univariate analyses as independent variables and gender as dependent one.ResultsFemale physiotherapists (compared to male ones) resulted to be more confident in the prosecution of physiotherapy by patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)comorbidity (t=2.46, p=0.01) and by patients who had received a visit with a mental health professional (t=2.79, p=0.01). Furthermore, female physiotherapists versus male ones believed that pharmacotherapy was less associated with motor side effects (t=2.90, p<0.01) and more frequently recognized the importance of a training to identify affective disorders (t=2.65, p=0.01) and the need of more education in mental health (t=2.85, p=0.01). The binary logistic regression model confirmed that female professionals (compared to male ones) were less likely to work as freelance in private institutions (p=0.015) and were more confident in the prosecution of physiotherapy by patients with GAD comorbidity (p=0.05).ConclusionsFemale compared to male physiotherapists resulted to be more comfortable with patients affected by mental conditions and to be more aware of the need of training on mental health. Implementation of mental health education for male physiotherapists is probably necessary and further studies are needed to confirm the results of the present study.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Fear of childbirth in a sample of Tunisian women: factors related to pregnancy
Authors: Abdelkefi M. , Feki R. , Walha R. , Zid W. , Gassara I. , Smaoui N. , Omri S. , Charfi N. , Zouari L. , Ben thabet J. , Chaabene K. , Maalej bouali M. , Maalej M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionFear of childbirth is attracting growing interest because of its impact on the experience of pregnancy and on the progress of childbirth and it seems that some women are more susceptible to fear of childbirth than others are.ObjectivesOur objective is to identify pregnancy factors that predict the fear of childbirth.Methods
We approached 350 pregnant women consulting at the Gynecology-Obstetrics department of the Hedi Chaker University Hospital of Sfax. We collected their sociodemographic and clinical data. Fear of childbirth was assessed using the French version of the Traumatic Event Scale (TES), adapted to assess fear of childbirth.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 28 years (16-41) and the mean gestational weak was 36.27. Half of the participants (53.7%) were nulliparous, and eight reported a history of infertility. The pregnancy was not planned in 61% of cases. As many as 67% of the participants had regular checkups, 50.3% had exaggerated somatic symptoms and 34.3% had pregnancy-related diseases.The mean score for the TES was 48.73 ± 13.72.We found a positive correlation between the TES score and nulliparity (p=0.01), gestational age ≥ 40 weeks (p=0.01), planned pregnancy (p=0.002), exaggerated somatic symptoms (p=0.03), and pregnancy-related diseases (p<0.001).ConclusionsIdentification of women at risk for fear of childbirth could help in preparing them before or during pregnancy to improve their childbirth experiences.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Pregnancy enhances facial recognition of anger: Transition from early to late pregnancy
Authors: Minami F. , Iwata R. , Nishida H. , Kudo S. , Yamagishi M. , Kamiya K. , Mimura M. , Hirano J. , Yamagata B. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPregnancy and the postpartum period involve several physiological adaptations crucial for offspring care. Recent research has highlighted reproduction-related brain plasticity in human mothers. Associations with aspects of maternal caregiving suggest adaptive changes that facilitate a woman’s transition to motherhood. However, the dynamic changes that affect a woman’s brain are not merely adaptive, and they likely confer a vulnerability for the mental disorders. To elucidate the pathophysiology of psychiatric problems that occur during the perinatal period, gaining insights into the physiological changes in brain function due to pregnancy is crucial.ObjectivesAlthough it has been hypothesized that pregnancy enhances social cognitive functions in mothers to adapt to the offspring care, there are few reports to support this hypothesis. This study aims to investigate whether social cognitive functions change during the first pregnancy, with a focus on maternal adaptation to offspring care.MethodsThe study included a first pregnancy group and a never-pregnant control group. We conducted a prospective study comparing pregnant women between two-time points (T1, T2); at less than 21 weeks of gestation [T1] and those after 30 weeks of gestation [T2]. To assess the effects of pregnancy and gestational age (< 21 weeks or 30 weeks or more), both the control (never-pregnant) group and pregnant group were evaluated at two time points with similar intervals. The Emotion Recognition Task [ERT] of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) was performed to examine the emotion recognition of six basic emotions in facial expressions. We analyzed a cohort of 26 participants in the pregnant group and 25 in the control group. We performed a two-way repeated measures analysis of variance with pregnancy status and gestational period (T1, T2) as independent variables.Results
Significant interactions between group and time points (T1, T2) were observed only for Unbiased Hit Rate Anger (p<0.01); facial recognition accuracy for anger increased with the progression of pregnancy. There were no significant interactions for Unbiased Hit Rate Sadness, Happiness, Fear, Disgust, or Surprise.Conclusions
This is the first study to demonstrate that facial recognition of anger enhances with the progression of pregnancy, utilizing never-pregnant women as a never-pregnant control group. The results of this study contribute to the physiological effects of pregnancy on the brain and cognitive function and have potential for further study of perinatal mental health problems.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Women’s economic empowerment and maternal mental health: A qualitative study in Rural Kenya
Authors: Wainaina C. W. , Igonya E. , Wekesah F. M. , Sidze E. M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionBackground: Maternal mental health is increasingly becoming a public health concern in developing countries because of predominant health and socio-economic inequalities. Mental well-being is essential for a woman to cope with daily life stresses and contribute positively to her community. Initiatives that empower women can enhance their well-being and improve the health of their families. However, limited evidence shows how women’s empowerment affects maternal well-being in a rural setting.ObjectivesThis paper explores the perspective of women’s economic empowerment in a rural Kenyan community and its effect on women’s mental well-being.Methods
We purposively sampled women and men from the rural community who met the eligibility criteria (women who were pregnant and or with a child less than two years old and married men and residents in the community. We conducted two focus group discussions with the men and women separately, 11 key informant interviews with community stakeholders, and a four-month participant observation of 20 women participants who were pregnant and or with a child less than one year old.Results
The study found that economically empowered women had greater decision-making power and self-efficacy. However, cultural expectations and barriers that dictated the role of women prevented them from accessing and controlling resources and participating in important decisions such as land and property ownership. Women faced domestic violence (physical, verbal, and denial of basic needs) and inadequate support (emotional, physical, and financial) from spouses and other family members. These challenges and barriers increased their mental stress. To cope, women engaged in economic activities individually or in groups to meet the basic needs of their families.ConclusionsWomen’s economic empowerment can positively and negatively affect their overall well-being. Positively, women gain greater access to resources, improved decision-making, and the ability to plan and achieve their goals. Negatively, empowerment can lead to reduced spousal and kin support and an increased risk of domestic violence. Furthermore, these negative consequences can also affect women’s mental well-being. To ensure the well-being of mothers, it is crucial to engage men in empowerment programs and raise awareness in communities to address socio-cultural norms that impede women’s economic empowerment and negatively affect the well-being of women. Additionally, mental health support should be incorporated into these empowerment programs to mitigate the negative effects of women’s empowerment and improve resilience.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Current situation regarding psychedelics and magic mushroom in Korea
Authors: Seo J. S. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionRecently, the pros and cons have been debating in Korea even before the approval of use of medical marijuana with very strict limitations. And the next controversial topic is psychedelics. In 1890, when mescaline was first isolated from peyote cactus, clinical researches began, but due to its harmful effects, it was thereafter legally prohibited in 1970 in USA. However, a pernicious debate over the medical efficacy of psychedelic drugs has begun again with the release of a study that uses psychedelic mushrooms to be effective against treatment-resistant depression, alcohol dependence, and depression and anxiety in terminal cancer patient.ObjectivesTo make a consensus on the medical use of these, we reviewed wild mushrooms containing hallucinogenic ingredients living in Korea.MethodsTo make a consensus on the medical use of these, we reviewed wild mushrooms containing hallucinogenic ingredients living in Korea.ResultsMushrooms have long been popular as a food ingredient in Korea. Psilocybin, a classical psychedelic, can be obtained from magic mushroom (Psilocybe cubensis). The psilocybin on the CNS and causes hallucinations. Intoxication symptoms include pleasant or nervousness, sudden laughter, hallucinations, visual impairment, tachycardia and hypertension, reflexes, agitation, cognitive impairment, confusion, and aggressive behavior. These symptoms last for 2-4 hours after ingestion, and most disappear within six hours.Among 114 species of Psilocybe containing psilocybin around the world, only five wild mushrooms found in Korea that cause nervous system hallucinations are as follows: P. argentipes, P. coprophila, P. perdaria, and P. subcarulipes.In Korea, there is acute poisoning case suffering with GI symptoms caused by mushrooms, but it is difficult to find records of abuse or dependences case caused by psychedelic mushrooms. In addition, although oriental medicine treatment is relatively active, it is not used as an herbal medicine.ConclusionsCurrently, the Korean government classifies psychedelic mushroom-derived substances, Psilocybin and Psilocin, as psychotropic drugs by law. If researcher intends to clinical trial with eve very small amount of it for academic purpose, it is only possible after obtaining approval from Korean FDA. In order to determine the usefulness of psychedelics, many clinical studies are needed in Korea.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared