bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Enzen Trial: Analysis of EVAR Endoprosthesis Zenith and Endurant for Infrarenal Aortoiliac Aneurysms Regarding Outcomes, Endoleaks, and Reinterventions
Authors: de Athayde Soares Rafael , Portela Matheus Veras Viana , Amaro Kaline , Nasser Ana Izabel , Pedrosa Keityane de Lima , Sacilotto Roberto 
Published: August 2024

Objective: The main objective of this paper is to analyze the outcomes regarding endoleaks, reinterventions, and death related to aneurysm complications in patients submitted to endovascular repair (EVAR) for abdominal aortoiliac aneurysm (AAA) using Endurant II (Medtronic) and Zenith Flex (Cook) endografts. Methods: This was a prospective, consecutive cohort study of patients with AAA who underwent EVAR between January 2019 and December 2022. Two groups of patients were evaluated: Group Endurant (patients submitted to EVAR with the use of Endurant II) and Group Zenith (patients submitted to EVAR with the use of Zenith Flex). Results: A total of 156 patients were evaluated. Group Zenith (67 patients, 42.9%) and Group Endurant (89 patients, 57.1%). The perioperative mortality was 5.1%, eight patients (six patients Group Zenith, and two patients Group Endurant, p=0.054). There were 28 patients (17.9%) submitted to urgent repair of the aneurysm (expansion or rupture), with no differences among the groups. There were 36 cases (23.1%) of later endoleak, with a higher incidence in Zenith group (23 patients, 34.3%) than Endurant group (13 patients, 14.6%, p=0.002), most of them Type II endoleak (21 patients, 13.4%). There were 12 cases of Type I endoleak, also with a higher prevalence in Zenith group (13.4%) than Endurant group (3.4%, p=0.002). Moreover, regarding limb graft occlusion (LGO), there were nine patients (5.8%), with a higher prevalence in Zenith group (9%) than Endurant group (3.4%, p=0.045). The overall survival in a Kaplan–Meier at 720 days was 82.3% in the Zenith group and 89.1% in the Endurant group, with no statistical significance among the groups (p=0.09). The freedom from reintervention rates in a Kaplan–Meier at 720 days was 82.8% in the Zenith group and 93.2% in the Endurant group (p=0.001). Conclusion: In this present study, Zenith endograft had higher rates of endoleaks, aneurysms related mortality, LGO and reinterventions than patients submitted to Endurant II endografts. The linear regression analysis showed that the presence of endoleaks, type of endograft device (Zenith graft) and limb graft occlusion were related to higher reintervention rates. Clinical Impact In this present study, Zenith endograft had higher rates of endoleaks, aneurysms related mortality, limb graft occlusions and reinterventions than patients submitted to Endurant II endografts. The main impact and the innovation that this article provides is an opportunity to evaluate and choose the best endograft suitable for the patient with AAA during EVAR.
An Ergonomic Golf Grip Leads to Lower Forearm Muscle Activity - A Prospective Case Series of 30 Right-Handed Amateur and Professional Golfers
Authors: Bochnia Jan Moritz , Bockholt Sebastian , Gosheger Georg , Theil Christoph , Schneider Kristian Nikolaus 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The elbow is a common site for overuse injuries in golfers. Tendinopathies, such as medial and lateral epicondylitis, are frequently diagnosed in amateur and professional golfers. The aim of our study was to determine the effect of an ergonomic golf grip on forearm muscle activity during the five phases of the golf swing.

Methods
Thirty right-handed golfers with a mean age of 32 years (range, 18–70 years) and a mean handicap of 15 (range, 0–43) performed 10 golf swings with a standard and ergonomic golf grip respectively. The mean and maximum muscle activity of the Musculus (M.) extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB), M. flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU), M. pronator teres (PT) and M. biceps brachii (BB) of the lead and trail arms were assessed during the five phases of the golf swing using surface electromyography (EMG). Subgroup analyses were performed regarding sex, playing ability (handicap < 10 vs. ≥10), weekly playing time (≤ 5 h, 5–20 h, > 20 h) and preexisting elbow pain during golfing (VAS < 2 vs. VAS ≥ 2). Significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results
An ergonomic golf grip resulted in a reduction in muscle activity in at least one but up to three consecutive phases of the golf swing for the ECRB, FCU and PT of the lead arm and for the PT of the trail arm. Amateurs, a playing time < 20 h per week and golfers without preexisting elbow pain were factors that were associated with greater reductions in muscle activity.

Conclusion
Forearm muscle activity can be decreased using an ergonomic golf grip, indicating the possible role of an ergonomic golf grip as a preventive measure against overuse syndromes such as medial and lateral epicondylitis.

Trial registration number
This study was retrospectively registered at the German Clinical Trials Register DRKS-ID: DRKS00033732 (01/03/2024).
Non-human peptides revealed in blood reflect the composition of intestinal microbiota
Authors: Arapidi Georgij P. , Urban Anatoly S. , Osetrova Maria S. , Shender Victoria O. , Butenko Ivan O. , Bukato Olga N. , Kuznetsov Alexandr A. , Saveleva Tatjana M. , Nos Grigorii A. , Ivanova Olga M. , Lopukhov Leonid V. , Laikov Alexander V. , Sharova Nina I. , Nikonova Margarita F. , Mitin Alexander N. , Martinov Alexander I. , Grigorieva Tatiana V. , Ilina Elena N. , Ivanov Vadim T. , Govorun Vadim M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The previously underestimated effects of commensal gut microbiota on the human body are increasingly being investigated using omics. The discovery of active molecules of interaction between the microbiota and the host may be an important step towards elucidating the mechanisms of symbiosis.

Results
Here, we show that in the bloodstream of healthy people, there are over 900 peptides that are fragments of proteins from microorganisms which naturally inhabit human biotopes, including the intestinal microbiota. Absolute quantitation by multiple reaction monitoring has confirmed the presence of bacterial peptides in the blood plasma and serum in the range of approximately 0.1 nM to 1 μM. The abundance of microbiota peptides reaches its maximum about 5 h after a meal. Most of the peptides correlate with the bacterial composition of the small intestine and are likely obtained by hydrolysis of membrane proteins with trypsin, chymotrypsin and pepsin – the main proteases of the gastrointestinal tract. The peptides have physicochemical properties that likely allow them to selectively pass the intestinal mucosal barrier and resist fibrinolysis.

Conclusions
The proposed approach to the identification of microbiota peptides in the blood, after additional validation, may be useful for determining the microbiota composition of hard-to-reach intestinal areas and monitoring the permeability of the intestinal mucosal barrier.
Multispectral fluorescence imaging of EGFR and PD-L1 for precision detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma: a preclinical and clinical study
Authors: Jin Nenghao , An Yu , Tian Yu , Zhang Zeyu , He Kunshan , Chi Chongwei , Mu Wei , Tian Jie , Du Yang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Early detection and treatment are effective methods for the management of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which can be facilitated by the detection of tumor-specific OSCC biomarkers. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) are important therapeutic targets for OSCC. Multispectral fluorescence molecular imaging (FMI) can facilitate the detection of tumor multitarget expression with high sensitivity and safety. Hence, we developed Nimotuzumab-ICG and Atezolizumab-Cy5.5 imaging probes, in combination with multispectral FMI, to sensitively and noninvasively identify EGFR and PD-L1 expression for the detection and comprehensive treatment of OSCC.

Methods
The expression of EGFR and PD-L1 was analyzed using bioinformatics data sources and specimens. Nimotuzumab-ICG and Atezolizumab-Cy5.5 imaging probes were developed and tested on preclinical OSCC cell line and orthotopic OSCC mouse model, fresh OSCC patients’ biopsied samples, and further clinical mouthwash trials were conducted in OSCC patients.

Results
EGFR and PD-L1 were specifically expressed in human OSCC cell lines and tumor xenografts. Nimotuzumab-ICG and Atezolizumab-Cy5.5 imaging probes can specifically target to the tumor sites in an in situ human OSCC mouse model with good safety. The detection sensitivity and specificity of Nimotuzumab-ICG in patients were 96.4% and 100%, and 95.2% and 88.9% for Atezolizumab-Cy5.5.

Conclusions
EGFR and PD-L1 are highly expressed in OSCC, the combination of which is important for a precise prognosis of OSCC. EGFR and PD-L1 expression can be sensitively detected using the newly synthesized multispectral fluorescence imaging probes Nimotuzumab-ICG and Atezolizumab-Cy5.5, which can facilitate the sensitive and specific detection of OSCC and improve treatment outcomes.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2100045738. Registered 23 April 2021, https://www.chictr.org.cn/bin/project/edit?pid=125220
Development and evaluation of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to deliver Physical Activity in School Scale (COM-PASS)
Authors: Verdonschot A. , Beauchamp M. R. , Brusseau T. A. , Chinapaw M. J. M. , Christiansen L. B. , Daly-Smith A. , Eather N. , Fairclough S. J. , Faulkner G. , Foweather L. , García-Hermoso A. , Ha A. S. , Harris N. , Jaakkola T. , Jago R. , Kennedy S. G. , Lander N. J. , Lonsdale C. , Manios Y. , Mazzoli E. , Murtagh E. , Nathan N. , Naylor P. J. , Noetel M. , O’Keeffe B. , Resaland G. K. , Ridgers N. D. , Ridley K. , Riley N. , Rosenkranz R. R. , Rosenkranz S. K. , Sääkslahti A. , Sczygiol S. M. , Skovgaard T. , van Sluijs E. M. F. , Smith J. J. , Smith M. , Stratton G. , Vidal-Conti J. , Webster C. A. , Young E. S. , Lubans D. R. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Teachers are recognized as ‘key agents’ for the delivery of physical activity programs and policies in schools. The aim of our study was to develop and evaluate a tool to assess teachers’ capability, opportunity, and motivation to deliver school-based physical activity interventions.

Methods
The development and evaluation of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to deliver Physical Activity in School Scale (COM-PASS) involved three phases. In Phase 1, we invited academic experts to participate in a Delphi study to rate, provide recommendations, and achieve consensus on questionnaire items that were based on the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation Behavior (COM-B) model. Each item was ranked on the degree to which it matched the content of the COM-B model, using a 5-point scale ranging from ‘1 = Poor match’ to ‘5 = Excellent match’. In Phase 2, we interviewed primary and secondary school teachers using a ‘think-aloud’ approach to assess their understanding of the items. In Phase 3, teachers (n = 196) completed the COM-PASS to assess structural validity using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

Results
Thirty-eight academic experts from 14 countries completed three rounds of the Delphi study. In the first round, items had an average rating score of 4.04, in the second round 4.51, and in the third (final) round 4.78. The final tool included 14 items, which related to the six constructs of the COM-B model: physical capability, psychological capability, physical opportunity, social opportunity, reflective motivation, and automatic motivation. In Phase 2, ten teachers shared their interpretation of COM-PASS via a 20-min interview, which resulted in minor changes. In Phase 3, CFA of the 3-factor model (i.e., capability, opportunity, and motivation) revealed an adequate fit to the data (χ2 = 122.6, p < .001, CFI = .945, TLI = .924, RMSEA = .066). The internal consistencies of the three subscale scores were acceptable (i.e., capability: α = .75, opportunity: α = .75, motivation: α = .81).

Conclusion
COM-PASS is a valid and reliable tool for assessing teachers’ capability, opportunity, and motivation to deliver physical activity interventions in schools. Further studies examining additional psychometric properties of the COM-PASS are warranted.
Traumatic childhood experiences and personality functioning: effect of body connection in a cross-sectional German and Chilean sample
Authors: Bertsch Katja , Göhre Isabelle , Cottin Marianne , Zettl Max , Wienrich Carolin , Back Sarah N. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Traumatic childhood experiences are a major risk factor for developing mental disorders later in life. Over the past decade, researchers have begun to investigate the role of early trauma in impairments in personality functioning following the introduction of the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders in Section III of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders 5. Although first studies were able to empirically demonstrate a significant link between early trauma and impairments in personality functioning, only little is known about the underlying mechanisms. One possible mechanism is body connection due to its involvement in self-regulatory processes and its link to both early trauma and personality (dys)functioning.

Objective
In the current study, we investigated whether body connection, which encompasses the awareness, integration, and utilization of one’s own bodily signals, mediates the relationship between childhood trauma and personality functioning.

Participants and setting
A total of 1,313 adult participants recruited in Germany and Chile anonymously provided self-report data in an online survey.

Methods
Self-report data included the short form of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF), the Scale of Body Connection (SBC), and the brief form of the Levels of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS-BF 2.0) as well as demographic data (age, sex, education, clinical diagnoses).

Results
Traumatic childhood experiences explained 27.2% of the variance in impairments in personality functioning. Interestingly, 60.5% of this effect was explained by body connection, particularly body dissociation. Additional exploratory analyses revealed that body dissociation and, to a much lesser extent, body awareness, accounted for 64.41% of the variance in self functioning and 55.75% of the variance in interpersonal functioning explained by childhood trauma.

Conclusion
Body connection appears to be an important mediator in the association between early trauma and impaired personality functioning, underscoring the need for interventions specifically targeting the avoidance and ignorance of signals from one’s own body in individuals with traumatic childhood trauma.
What could be the role of genetic tests and machine learning of AXIN2 variant dominance in non-syndromic hypodontia? A case-control study in orthodontically treated patients
Authors: Alhazmi Nora , Alaqla Ali , Almuzzaini Bader , Aldrees Mohammed , Alnaqa Ghaida , Almasoud Farah , Aldibasi Omar , Alshamlan Hala 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Hypodontia is the most prevalent dental anomaly in humans, and is primarily attributed to genetic factors. Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) associated with hypodontia, genetic risk assessment remains challenging due to population-specific SNP variants. Therefore, we aimed to conducted a genetic analysis and developed a machine-learning-based predictive model to examine the association between previously reported SNPs and hypodontia in the Saudi Arabian population. Our case–control study included 106 participants (aged 8–50 years; 64 females and 42 males), comprising 54 hypodontia cases and 52 controls. We utilized TaqManTM Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction and allelic genotyping to analyze three selected SNPs (AXIN2: rs2240308, PAX9: rs61754301, and MSX1: rs12532) in unstimulated whole saliva samples. The chi-square test, multinomial logistic regression, and machine-learning techniques were used to assess genetic risk by using odds ratios (ORs) for multiple target variables.

Results
Multivariate logistic regression indicated a significant association between homozygous AXIN2 rs2240308 and the hypodontia phenotype (ORs [95% confidence interval] 2.893 [1.28–6.53]). Machine-learning algorithms revealed that the AXIN2 homozygous (A/A) genotype is a genetic risk factor for hypodontia of teeth #12, #22, and #35, whereas the AXIN2 homozygous (G/G) genotype increases the risk for hypodontia of teeth #22, #35, and #45. The PAX9 homozygous (C/C) genotype is associated with an increased risk for hypodontia of teeth #22 and #35.

Conclusions
Our study confirms a link between AXIN2 and hypodontia in Saudi orthodontic patients and suggests that combining machine-learning models with SNP analysis of saliva samples can effectively identify individuals with non-syndromic hypodontia.
Poly(ethylene glycol) patterned surfaces functionalized with gallic acid@Au nanoparticles: investigation of antibacterial activity for biomedical applications
Authors: Karaagac Zehra 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPolymer patterns are promising for many applications due to their high stability and superior chemical and physical properties. By functionalizing various surfaces with polymer patterns, it is possible to detect and prevent many common infections. Treatment of resistant bacteria with antibiotics is limited and they can spread quickly. For this reason, it was designed a surface that can prevent contamination by functionalizing polymer patterns. In the study, a polymer pattern model obtained by combining gallic acid with gold nanoparticles (GA@AuNP) synthesized through green chemistry was designed. Polymer-patterned structures were obtained on silicon wafers using Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymer and were self-assembled with GA@AuNPs. Diagnosis and inhibition of bacterial cells in a short time were demonstrated with the prepared modified PEG polymer pattern. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering effects were used to optimize the stability of surfaces patterned with self-assembled GA@Au NPs. By modification of PEG polymer patterns, a biomarker design that can be used in many different bioapplications is proposed.
Effectiveness of chest pain center accreditation on the hospital outcome of acute aortic dissection: a nationwide study in China
Authors: Liu Li-Wei , Cui Yi-Kai , Zhang Lin , Jia Dai-Le , Wang Jing , Gu Jia-Wei , Zhang Jin-Yan , Dong Zhen , Jin Xue-Juan , Zou Xiao-Yi , Sun Guo-Li , Dai Yu-Xiang , Sun Ai-Jun , Ge Jun-Bo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The National Chest Pain Center Program (NCPCP) is a nationwide, quality enhancement program aimed at raising the standard of care for patients experiencing acute chest pain in China. The benefits of chest pain center (CPC) accreditation on acute coronary syndrome have been demonstrated. However, there is no evidence to indicate whether CPC accreditation improves outcomes for patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD).

Methods
We conducted a retrospective observational study of patients with AAD from 1671 hospitals in China, using data from the NCPCP spanning the period from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2022. The patients were divided into 2 groups: pre-accreditation and post-accreditation admissions. The outcomes examined included in-hospital mortality, misdiagnosis, and Stanford type A AAD surgery. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to explore the relationship between CPC accreditation and in-hospital outcomes. Furthermore, we stratified the hospitals based on their geographical location (Eastern/Central/Western regions) or administrative status (provincial/non-provincial capital areas) to assess the impact of CPC accreditation on AAD patients across various regions.

Results
The analysis encompassed a total of 40,848 patients diagnosed with AAD. The post-accreditation group exhibited significantly lower rates of in-hospital mortality and misdiagnosis (12.1% vs. 16.3%, P < 0.001 and 2.9% vs. 5.4%, P < 0.001, respectively) as well as a notably higher rate of Stanford type A AAD surgery (61.1% vs. 42.1%, P < 0.001) compared with the pre-accreditation group. After adjusting for potential covariates, CPC accreditation was associated with substantially reduced risks of in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR 0.644, 95% CI 0.599–0.693) and misdiagnosis (adjusted OR 0.554, 95% CI 0.493–0.624), along with an increase in the proportion of patients undergoing Stanford type A AAD surgery (adjusted OR 1.973, 95% CI 1.797–2.165). Following CPC accreditation, there were significant reductions in in-hospital mortality across various regions, particularly in Western regions (from 21.5 to 14.1%). Moreover, CPC accreditation demonstrated a more pronounced impact on in-hospital mortality in non-provincial cities compared to provincial cities (adjusted OR 0.607 vs. 0.713).

Conclusion
CPC accreditation is correlated with improved management and in-hospital outcomes for patients with AAD.
Experiences, acceptability and feasibility of an isometric exercise intervention for stage 1 hypertension: embedded qualitative study in a randomised controlled feasibility trial
Authors: Rees-Roberts Melanie , Borthwick Rachel , Santer Ellie , Darby John , West Alan , O’Driscoll Jamie M. , Pellatt-Higgins Tracy , Gousia Katerina , Short Vanessa , Doulton Tim , Wiles Jim , Farmer Chris , MacInnes Douglas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Healthy lifestyle changes for patients with stage 1 hypertension are recommended before antihypertensive medication. Exercise has antihypertensive benefits; however, low adoption and high attrition are common. Patients need easily adoptable, effective and manageable exercise interventions that can be sustained for life. We present participant and stakeholder perceptions of an isometric exercise intervention for stage 1 hypertension delivered in the National Health Service (NHS, UK).

Methods
An embedded qualitative study within a randomised-controlled feasibility study included intervention arm participants (n = 10), healthcare professionals from participating NHS sites (n = 3) and non-participating NHS sites (n = 5) taking part in semi-structured interviews to explore feasibility of delivering an isometric exercise intervention within the study design and an NHS context. Data was analysed using reflective thematic analysis.

Results
Three themes were identified: study deliverability; motivators and barriers; support for study participation. Findings indicated that the study was well designed. Health benefits, unwillingness to take medication, altruism and interest in the study helped motivation and adherence. Study support received was good, but healthcare professionals were insecure in intervention delivery with regular training/supervision needed. Perception of health improvement was mixed, but, in some, uptake of wider lifestyle changes resulted from participation. Stakeholders felt that current service challenges/demand would make implementation challenging.

Conclusions
Despite participant positivity, delivery of an isometric intervention in an NHS setting was considered challenging given the current service demand, although possible with robust effectiveness evidence. Findings support further effectiveness data and implementation development of the isometric exercise intervention.

Trial registration
ISRCTN, ISRCTN13472393. Registered 18 September 2020.