bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shared Cell Surface Marker Expression in Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Adult Sarcomas
Authors: Wirths Stefan , Malenke Elke , Kluba Torsten , Rieger Simone , Müller Martin R. , Schleicher Sabine , Hann von Weyhern Claus , Nagl Florian , Fend Falko , Vogel Wichard , Mayer Frank , Kanz Lothar , Bühring Hans-Jörg , Kopp Hans-Georg 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Advanced adult soft-tissue sarcomas (STSs) are rare tumors with a dismal prognosis and limited systemic treatment options. STSs may originate from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs); the latter have mainly been isolated from adult bone marrow as plastic-adherent cells with differentiation capacity into mesenchymal tissues. Recently, a panel of antibodies has been established that allows for the prospective isolation of primary MSCs with high selectivity. Similar to cancer stem cells in other malignancies, sarcoma stem cells may bear immunophenotypic similarity with the corresponding precursor, that is, MSCs. We therefore set out to establish the expression pattern of MSC markers in sarcoma cell lines and primary tumor samples by flow cytometry. In addition, fibroblasts from different sources were examined. The results document a significant amount of MSC markers shared by sarcoma cells. The expression pattern includes uniformly expressed markers, as well as MSC markers that only stained subpopulations of sarcoma cells. Expression of W5C5, W8B2 (tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase [TNAP]), CD344 (frizzled-4), and CD271 marked subpopulations displaying increased proliferation potential. Moreover, CD271+ cells displayed in vitro doxorubicin resistance and an increased capacity to form spheres under serum-free conditions. Interestingly, another set of antigens, including the bona fide progenitor cell markers CD117 and CD133, were not expressed. Comparative expression patterns of novel MSC markers in sarcoma cells, as well as fibroblasts and MSCs, are presented. Our data suggest a hierarchical cytoarchitecture of the most common adult type sarcomas and introduce W5C5, TNAP, CD344, and CD271 as potential sarcoma progenitor cell markers.
Restructuration de la fonction publique québécoise : configurations et conséquences disparates
Authors: Jalette Patrice , Grenier Jean-Noël , Hains-Pouliot Jérémie 
Published: December 2012

L’existence d’un modèle homogène de réforme de l’administration publique basé sur la « nouvelle gestion publique » est de plus en plus remise en question dans la littérature. Les recherches disponibles montrent également que les restructurations dans le secteur public engendrent généralement une détérioration des conditions de travail. Notre étude contribue de manière originale à la littérature en démontrant la variété des pratiques de restructuration au sein de l’administration publique de même que la variété de leurs conséquences pour les employés dans le cadre d’un même projet de réforme. Ces constats se basent sur notre étude de la restructuration de la fonction publique québécoise enclenchée par la mise en oeuvre duPlan de modernisationprésenté en 2004 par le gouvernement libéral. Nous avons ainsi ouvert la « boîte noire » du secteur public en examinant les configurations variées de cette restructuration et la diversité de ses conséquences pour les employés dans les unités administratives par le biais d’une enquête par questionnaire menée auprès de délégués syndicaux.Nos résultats montrent tout d’abord que les unités ont fait un usage différent des pratiques de remplacement des départs et d’externalisation alors que nous avons recensé six configurations différentes qui vont d’un quasistatu quo(25 % des unités) à une restructuration en profondeur (23,8 % des unités). La nature des fonctions assumées par les unités, de même que les pressions, les traditions politiques et l’héritage institutionnel sont les explications avancées à cette diversité des configurations. Notre recherche montre aussi que ces diverses configurations conduisent à des résultats différenciés pour les employés du secteur public. Globalement, les conséquences associées à la modernisation sont une intensification du travail, une détérioration du climat social dans les unités, des attentes de performance mitigées ainsi qu’un support au changement – sous la forme de l’accès à la formation – peu perceptible.
Use of Electrophysiological Methods in the Study of Recombinant and Native Neuronal Ligand‐Gated Ion Channels
Authors: Thomas Philip , Smart Trevor G. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractDetailed in this unit are protocols for studying the effects of externally and internally applied agents on the behavior of ligand‐gated ion channels (LGICs), specifically the GABAA receptor. These assays include a number of electrophysiological techniques applied to whole‐cell and excised patch recordings of recombinant and native GABAA receptor subtypes used in the generation and analysis of a pharmacological data. Although applied to GABAA receptors, these techniques are equally applicable to other LGICs. The analysis is extended to incorporate consideration of post‐synaptic inhibitory events. In addition, complementary descriptions of how tissues for such studies are prepared for studying recombinant and native receptors are included. Curr. Protoc. Pharmacol. 59:11.4.1‐11.4.37. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
TeachingORMS/Analytics with Cases
Authors: Begen Mehmet A. , Krishnamoorthy Srinivas , Wilson John 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWe present our experience with teaching using cases. Case teaching offers many advantages to improve the learning experience; there are challenges in implementing it, but the results are rewarding for both instructor and students. Case teaching can be implemented gradually in a traditional lecture‐basedOperations Research/Management Science (OR/MS)/Analyticscourse; in fact, instructors can use cases in tandem with lectures. We start off with a brief discussion of the case method and how cases can fit into anORMS/Analyticscourse. Then, we discuss implementation of the case method in class and follow with generic examples of basic and complex integrative cases. Teaching styles and student evaluations and expectations are then covered. We finish up with sections on the advantages and challenges of the case method and some notes on becoming a good case teacher.
Forecasting of solar irradiance with just‐in‐time modeling
Authors: Suzuki Takanobu , Goto Yusuke , Terazono Takahiro , Wakao Shinji , Oozeki Takashi 
Published: December 2012

AbstractPV power output mainly depends on solar irradiance, which is affected by various meteorological factors. Thus, it is required to predict solar irradiance in the future for the efficient operation of PV systems. In this paper we develop a novel approach for solar irradiance forecasting, in which we combine the black–box model (JIT modeling) with the physical model (GPV data). We investigate the predictive accuracy of solar irradiance over a wide controlled area of each electric power company by utilizing measured data from 44 observation points throughout Japan provided by JMA and 64 points around Kanto provided by NEDO. Finally, we propose an applied forecasting method of solar irradiance to deal with difficulties in compiling databases. We also consider the influence of different GPV default times on solar irradiance prediction. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 182(4): 19–28, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.22338
Perfluoroalkyl substances in eggs and plasma of an avian top predator, great skua (Stercorarius skua), in the north Atlantic
Authors: Leat Eliza H. K. , Bourgeon Sophie , Eze Jude I. , Muir Derek C.G. , Williamson Mary , Bustnes Jan O. , Furness Robert W. , Borgå Katrine 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Temporal, biological, and environmental factors affecting accumulation of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are poorly understood in comparison with legacy lipid-soluble persistent organic pollutants. Temporal and biological comparisons of PFAS concentrations were made in great skuas (Stercorarius skua), a marine apex predator. Concentrations of 16 PFASs were quantified, including C4–C10 perfluorosulfonates (PFSAs), perfluorooctanesulfonamide (PFOSA), and C5–C14 perfluorocarboxylates (PFCAs). Concentrations of PFASs (ng/g wet wt) were significantly higher in eggs collected in Shetland in 2008 compared with 1980 for most compounds. However, the magnitude of the differences was small, with a mean increase of 3 ng/g. Levels of PFASs in great skuas were low compared with those of other seabirds in similar ecological niches; and in contrast to other contaminants measured in the same eggs, concentrations of PFASs did not correlate with trophic level. Concentrations of PFASs in adult plasma were significantly higher in males than in females for most PFASs. This suggests that maternal transfer through egg laying may be a significant mode of elimination of PFASs in female great skuas. The low concentrations of PFASs in eggs and plasma compared with other halogenated organic contaminants and other species suggest that great skuas do not bioaccumulate PFASs to the same extent as some other seabirds. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:569–576. © 2012 SETAC
A three-generational study of In ovo exposure to PBDE-99 in the zebra finch
Authors: Winter Viktoria , Williams Tony D. , Elliott John E. 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Based on a literature review of avian data for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), ecologically relevant doses, low (10 ng/egg), medium (100 ng/egg), and high (1,000 ng/egg) of the 2,2′,4,4′,5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-99) congener along with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) control were injected into the yolk sac of un-incubated eggs of zebra finch, Taeniopygia guttata. Offspring development and adult phenotype were followed over three generations. No effects of in ovo PBDE exposure on hatching success, chick growth, thyroid hormone levels, or hematological traits were measured at sexual maturity (90 d posthatching). However, the authors did detect significant effects of BDE-99 treatment on adult phenotype of in ovo–exposed birds by breeding observations, in which clutch size was significantly smaller in all PBDE-dosed birds (low, medium, and high) compared with controls. A trend was also seen for longer laying intervals in PBDE-dosed birds (13–14 d) compared with control birds (8 d). In addition, a significant effect of PBDE was found on growth of the second-generation offspring of in ovo–treated females; body mass was significantly lower in the high-PBDE dosed birds compared with controls from hatch through to fledging (day 30). The authors found no evidence of effects over the longer term and in successive generations, whether in adult, reproductive phenotype of the second-generation offspring of in ovo–treated birds, or in the growth of their (third-generation) offspring. Their results suggest that egg levels as low as 10 ng/g BDE-99 may affect reproduction in small passerines by reducing clutch size. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:562–568. © 2012 SETAC
Deglacial history of glacial lake windermere, UK: implications for the central British and Irish Ice Sheet
Authors: Pinson Luke J. W. , Vardy Mark E. , Dix Justin K. , Henstock Timothy J. , Bull Jonathan M. , Maclachlan Suzanne E. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn the UK, a combination of outcrop mapping, satellite digital elevation models, high‐resolution marine geophysical data and a range of dating techniques have constrained the maximum limit and overall retreat behaviour of the British and Irish Ice Sheet (BIIS). The changing styles of deglaciation have been most extensively studied in the west and north‐western sectors of the BIIS, primarily using offshore geophysical surveys. The surviving record in the southern, terrestrial sector is fragmentary, permitting only large‐scale (tens of kilometres) and longer timescale (c. 1 ka) reconstructions of ice‐margin movement, with limited information on deglacial processes. Here we present a high‐resolution study of the retreat behaviour for a section of the southern ice‐margin from Windermere in the Lake District, using high‐resolution two‐dimensional multi‐channel seismic data, processed using prestack depth migration. By combining the seismic stratigraphy with landform morphologies, extant cores and seismic velocity measurements, we are able to distinguish between: over‐consolidated till; recessional moraines; De Geer moraines; flowed till/ice‐front fan; supra‐/en‐glacial melt‐out till; and subsequent glaciolacustrine/lacustrine sedimentation. The results reveal a complex and active valley glacier withdrawal from Windermere that changed character between basins and produced two small, localized areas of ice‐stagnation and downwasting. This study indicates that similar active ice‐margin retreats probably took place in other valleys of the Lake District during the Late Devensian deglaciation rather than the previously held view of rapid ice‐stagnation and downwasting. When combined with the regional terrestrial record, this supports a model of early ice loss in terrestrial England compared with other parts of the UK. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New age constraints for the maximum extent of the last British–Irish Ice Sheet (NW sector)
Authors: Everest J. D. , Bradwell T. , Stoker M. , Dewey S. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis paper presents the first terrestrial age constraints from the outer continental shelf for the maximum extent of the NW sector of the last British–Irish Ice Sheet. Cosmogenic 10Be ages from eight glacially transported boulders on the island of North Rona show that the Late Devensian (Late Weichselian) British–Irish Ice Sheet overrode the island at its maximal stage and retreated c. 25 ka BP. These new dates, supported by other geological evidence, indicate that the north‐western part of the ice sheet was most extensive between 27 and 25 ka BP, reaching the outer continental shelf during the global eustatic sea‐level minimum at the Last Glacial Maximum. Copyright © 2012 British Geological Survey/Natural Environment Research Council copyright 2012. Reproduced with the permission of BGS/NERC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multidimensional Life Table Estimation of the Total Fertility Rate and Its Components
Authors: Retherford Robert D. , Eini-Zinab Hassan , Choe Minja Kim , Ogawa Naohiro , Matsukura Rikiya 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Using discrete-time survival models of parity progression and illustrative data from the Philippines, this article develops a multivariate multidimensional life table of nuptiality and fertility, the dimensions of which are age, parity, and duration in parity. The measures calculated from this life table include total fertility rate (TRF), total marital fertility rate (TMFR), parity progression ratios (PPR), age-specific fertility rates, mean and median ages at first marriage, mean and median closed birth intervals, and mean and median ages at childbearing by child’s birth order and for all birth orders combined. These measures are referred to collectively as “TFR and its components.” Because the multidimensional life table is multivariate, all measures derived from it are also multivariate in the sense that they can be tabulated by categories or selected values of one socioeconomic variable while controlling for other socioeconomic variables. The methodology is applied to birth history data, in the form of actual birth histories from a fertility survey or reconstructed birth histories derived from a census or household survey. The methodology yields period estimates as well as cohort estimates of the aforementioned measures.
Emergency obstetrics knowledge and practical skills retention among medical students in Rwanda following a short training course
Authors: Homaifar Nazaneen , Mwesigye David , Tchwenko Samuel , Worjoloh Ayaba , Joharifard Shahrzad , Kyamanywa Patrick , Wilkinson Jeff , Rulisa Stephen , Thielman Nathan M. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo describe rates of improved knowledge following a structured 2‐day emergency obstetrics training course.MethodsQuantitative assessments to evaluate emergency obstetrics knowledge and practical skills were administered before, immediately after, and 3–9 months following the training course for 65 final‐year medical students at the National University of Rwanda. A survey was administered during the final assessment.ResultsIn total, 52 (80.0%) students demonstrated knowledge improvement after training. Fifty‐seven (87.7%) students improved or maintained their scores from the post‐training written test to the final assessment, and 32 (49.2%) retained practical skills. Twenty‐one (32.3%) of the class demonstrated competency in both written and practical skills. According to multivariable logistic regression analysis, female gender was associated with overall competency (P = 0.01), and use of the internet for academic purposes more than 3–5 times per week tended toward competency (P = 0.11).ConclusionA 2‐day emergency obstetrics training course increased knowledge among medical students. Because educational policies are tailored to address high rates of maternal mortality in resource‐poor settings, workshops dedicated to emergency obstetrics should be promoted.
KLF4 overexpression and apigenin treatment down regulated anti‐apoptotic Bcl‐2 proteins and matrix metalloproteinases to control growth of human malignant neuroblastoma SK‐N‐DZ and IMR‐32 cells
Authors: Mohan Nishant , Ai Walden , Chakrabarti Mrinmay , Banik Naren L. , Ray Swapan K. 
Published: December 2012

Neuroblastoma is a childhood tumor that arises from immature neuroblasts of the sympathetic nervous system. Krüpple‐like factor 4 (KLF4) is a transcription factor, the precise function of which in neuroblastoma is unclear. We examined the effects of KLF4 overexpression and apigenin (APG) treatment in human malignant neuroblastoma SK‐N‐DZ and IMR‐32 cell lines. KLF4 overexpression in both SK‐N‐DZ and IMR‐32 cell lines was confirmed by laser scanning immunofluorescent confocal microscopy and Western blotting. We found that 100 nM KLF4 plasmid and 25 μM APG synergistically inhibited the growth of SK‐N‐DZ and IMR‐32 cells. We also found increase in KLF4 expression in response to treatment with various concentrations of APG. Combination of KLF4 plasmid and APG treatment significantly increased the amounts of apoptosis in both cell lines when compared with control vector or single treatment. We also noticed that the combination therapy decreased expression of the anti‐apoptotic proteins Bcl‐2 and Mcl‐1, increased expression of the pro‐apoptotic proteins Bax, Noxa, and Puma, upregulated p53, and caused activation of caspase‐3 for cleavage of the inhibitor of caspase‐activated DNase (ICAD) leading to completion of apoptosis machinery. Further, combination of KLF4 overexpression and APG treatment was highly effective in inhibiting migration of both neuroblastoma cell lines and was associated with down regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) such as MMP‐2 and MMP‐9. Collectively, our results from this investigation strongly suggest that KLF4 functions as a tumor suppressor and potentiates the anti‐cancer activities of APG in two different human malignant neuroblastoma cell lines.
Numerical Assessment of Optimal Equipment Allocation and Close-Fitting Acoustical Hoods Within a Multi-Noise Plant Using an Artificial Immune Method
Authors: Chiu M.-C. 
Published: December 2012

High noise levels in a multi-noise plant can be harmful to workers and can lead to both psychological and physiological problems. Consequently, noise control work on equipment such as acoustic hoods becomes vital. However, research work of shape optimization on space-constrained close-fitting acoustic hoods has been neglected.In this paper, a sound insertion loss used for evaluating the acoustic performance of an acoustical hood will be adopted. A numerical case for depressing the noise levels at the receiving points along the boundary of three kinds of multi-equipment plants by optimally designing a shaped one-layer close-fitting acoustic hood and reallocating the equipment within a constrained space will also be introduced. Moreover, an artificial immune method (AIM) is adopted and coupled with the equations of sound attenuation and minimal variation square in conjunction with a twelve-point monitoring system.Consequently, this paper provides a quick and effective method for reducing the noise impact around a plant by optimally designing a shaped one-layer close-fitting acoustic hood and reallocating equipment within the AIM searching technique.
Stiffness Analysis of Linear Guideways Without Preload
Authors: Shaw D. , Su W. L. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractTheoretical and experimental investigations of the stiffness of non-clearance linear guideways without preload were conducted. A theoretical approach that applied Hertz's contact theory to steel balls to derive the contact angle equation was proposed. The theoretical analysis showed that the stiffness of the linear guideway under variable vertical loads changes nonlinearly with the external load. Therefore, an experimental setup was proposed in which the stiffness curves of three blocks, differing in geometrical shape and assembled with steel balls, were measured under increased vertical load until the guideway began to plastically deform. The results showed that variation in both the width and the thickness of the block does not significantly affect stiffness. A comparison of the theoretical and experimental results revealed a relative error of 4.5%, indicating the correctness of the theoretical model. Based on theoretical equations, the main parameters that affect stiffness are conformityfm, coefficient of contact deformationcδ, reference diameter of the ballDw, number of load-carrying rowsi, number of load-carrying balls in one rowZ, and initial contact angle α0. The results are useful for determining the static/dynamic behavior and rigidity of linear guideways in the design stage.
Regularization of the Boundary Integrals in the Bem Analysis of 3D Potential Problems
Authors: Shiah Y. C. , Hematiyan M. R. , Chen Y. H. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn the conventional boundary element analysis, near-singularities are present in the associated boundary integral equation for problems involving ultra-thin media. For this case, any conventional numerical schemes will fail to yield proper values for the integrals. In this paper, the boundary integrals of the boundary element method for 3D potential problems are fully regularized by the technique of integration by parts under the local coordinate system. The fully regularized integrands are expressed as very explicit formulations that can be easily programmed into a computer code. Numerical tests carried out for a typical case have verified the accuracy of the approach for any orders of small distance between the source and the element under integration.