bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maximization of distributed generation by considering system operating limits and protection reach reduction as constraints
Authors: Van Tu Dao , Chaitusaney Surachai , Yokoyama Akihiko 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIncreased distributed generation (DG) in systems always brings about the impacts on maintaining the operation of protection systems. This paper concentrates on the impact on the protection reach reduction and proposes a solution to eliminate this impact by using a suitable DG transformer in parallel with a grounding reactance at the neutral point of the transformer's winding. Based on this, a Tabu search algorithm is proposed to maximize DG when the system operating limits and the protection reach reduction are considered as constraints. In order to illustrate the effectiveness of this algorithm, a case study is performed through an IEEE 34 Node Test Feeder. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Short‐term stability in the intermediate region between quartz crystal oscillation and LC oscillation
Authors: Ruslan Ruzaini Izyan , Satoh Tomio , Akitsu Tetsuya 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn a quartz crystal oscillator circuit, an LC resonance circuit was inserted that enabled major enlargement of the variable range of frequency compared with the conventional Colpitts or Pierce quartz crystal oscillator. The short‐term stability of the oscillation was measured with Allan variance in the intermediate region between the quartz resonance and LC resonance, showing higher stability compared with the common LC oscillator. The analytical result is presented showing continuous transition from the quartz resonance to the LC resonance. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Spin effects in the antler event topology at hadron colliders
Authors: Edelhäuser Lisa , Matchev Konstantin T. , Park Myeonghun 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe investigate spin correlation effects in the “antler” event topologypp→A(A*) →B1B2→ (ℓ−C1)(ℓ+C2) at the LHC. We study the shapes of several kinematic variables, including the relative pseudorapidity, relative azimuthal angle and the energies of the two leptons, as well as several mass variablesMℓℓ,Meff,$ \sqrt {{{{s}_{{\min }}}}} $,MT2,MCTandMCTx. We focus on the two kinematic extremes of$\sqrt{S}$— threshold and infinity — and derive analytical expressions for the differential distributions of several variables, most notably the cos$\theta_{{\ell -\ell +}}^{*}$variable proposed by Barr in hep-ph/0511115. For all possible spin assignments of particles A, B and C, we derive the cos$\theta_{{\ell -\ell +}}^{*}$differential distribution at threshold, including the effects of spin correlations. Our analytical results help identify the problematic cases for spin discrimination.
Long‐term Follow‐up of the “Wait and See” Approach to Localized Perinatal Adrenal Neuroblastoma
Authors: Cozzi Denis Andrew , Mele Ermelinda , Ceccanti Silvia , Natale Fabio , Clerico Anna , Schiavetti Amalia , Dominici Carlo 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackgroundEvidence‐based guidelines for the management of localized perinatal adrenal neuroblastoma are not yet available. We describe our preliminary experience managing this tumor with a “wait and see” policy.MethodsA single‐center prospective study (February 2002 to December 2009) was conducted with 12 consecutive patients in whom an adrenal mass was detected antenatally or within the first 3 months of life. Diagnostic workup included the following investigations: measurement of urine catecholamine metabolites, imaging studies (ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, or computed tomography), metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy, and/or core needle biopsy.ResultsThe male/female ratio was 1.4:1.0. Median tumor size at presentation was 29 mm (range 10–50 mm). Eight lesions were detected antenatally. Ten lesions were diagnosed as localized neuroblastoma. Of these ten lesions, four were excised because of parental preference (n = 2), tumor enlargement (n = 1) or tumor persistence (n = 1). The remaining six patients underwent watchful clinical observation, which showed progressive tumor shrinkage and complete regression within 10–39 months (median 12.5 months). The final two lesions were small predominantly cystic lesions without a clear‐cut diagnosis. They were managed noninvasively. At an overall median follow‐up of 109 months (range 30–122 months), all patients are alive and disease‐free, although one patient progressed to stage 4 disease despite early excision of the primary tumor.ConclusionsSpontaneous regression of localized perinatal adrenal neuroblastoma occurs often, and a “wait and see” strategy seems justified in these small infants. Patients with enlarging or stable lesions that have persisted for several months may benefit from surgery, although prompt excision may not prevent tumor progression.
The serum miR‐21 level serves as a predictor for the chemosensitivity of advanced pancreatic cancer, and miR‐21 expression confers chemoresistance by targeting FasL
Authors: Wang Peng , Zhuang Liping , Zhang Juan , Fan Jie , Luo Jianmin , Chen Hao , Wang Kun , Liu Luming , Chen Zhen , Meng Zhiqiang 
Published: November 2012

miR‐21 expression in cancer tissue has been reported to be associated with the clinical outcome and activity of gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer. However, resection is possible in only a minority of patients due to the advanced stages often present at the time of diagnosis, and safely obtaining sufficient quantities of pancreatic tumor tissue for molecular analysis is difficult at the unresectable stages. In this study, we investigated whether the serum level of miR‐21 could be used as a predictor of chemosensitivity. We tested the levels of serum miR‐21 in a cohort of 177 cases of advanced pancreatic cancer who received gemcitabine‐based palliative chemotherapy. We found that a high level of miR‐21 in the serum was significantly correlated with a shortened time‐to‐progression (TTP) and a lower overall survival (OS). The serum miR‐21 level was an independent prognostic factor for both the TTP and the OS (HR 1.920; 95% CI, 1.274–2.903, p = 0.002 for TTP and HR 1.705; 95% CI, 1.147–2.535, p = 0.008 for OS). The results from a functional study showed that gemcitabine exposure down‐regulated miR‐21 expression and up‐regulated FasL expression. The increased FasL expression following gemcitabine treatment induced cancer cell apoptosis, whereas the ectopic expression of miR‐21 partially protected the cancer cells from gemcitabine‐induced apoptosis. Additionally, we confirmed that FasL was a direct target of miR‐21. Therefore, the serum level of miR‐21 may serve as a predictor of chemosensitivity in advanced pancreatic cancer. Additionally, we identified a new mechanism of chemoresistance mediated by the effects of miR‐21 on the FasL/Fas pathway.
Sex at Length of Summer Flounder Landed in the New Jersey Recreational Party Boat Fishery
Authors: Morson Jason M. , Bochenek Eleanor A. , Powell Eric N. , Gius Jennifer E. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Female summer flounder Paralichthys dentatus grow faster than males and experience a lower natural mortality rate. Sex-structured assessment models have been developed for other fishes with sexually dimorphic characteristics to better account for population dynamics. Although a desire exists to develop similar assessment techniques for summer flounder, some prerequisite data are not available, including the sex of fish that are landed in the recreational fishery. Furthermore, summer flounder recreational landings are constrained within harvest limits almost entirely by minimum size restrictions—a management approach that could place much of the recreational fishing mortality on females. To fill a basic but important data requirement to improve the stock assessment of this species while also providing some insight on how current management strategies might impact the sex structure of the population, we collected data on sex and length of summer flounder (n = 4,437) that were landed in the New Jersey recreational fishery in 2009 and 2010. Females dominated the recreational catch in both years (95% female overall). The proportion of landed fish at a given length that were females was greater at lower latitudes and earlier in the summer; the proportion female at length was greater in 2010 than in 2009. Extensive seasonal, annual, and spatial variability evident over such a local scale suggests a highly dynamic sex dependency in the population dynamics of summer flounder and indicates that a more robust data set covering wider geographic and temporal scales will be necessary before sex-specific landings data can be confidently incorporated into an assessment.
Received February 20, 2012; accepted August 17, 2012
Waring’s problem for polynomials in two variables
Authors: Bodin Arnaud , Car Mireille 
Published: November 2012

We prove that all polynomials in several variables can be decomposed as the sums ofkkth powers:P(x1,…,xn)=Q1(x1,…,xn)k+⋯+Qs(x1,…,xn)kP(x_1,\ldots ,x_n) = Q_1(x_1,\ldots ,x_n)^k+\cdots + Q_s(x_1,\ldots ,x_n)^k, provided that elements of the base field are themselves sums ofkkth powers. We also give bounds for the number of termsssand the degree of theQikQ_i^k. We then improve these bounds in the case of two-variable polynomials of large degree to get a decompositionP(x,y)=Q1(x,y)k+⋯+Qs(x,y)kP(x,y) = Q_1(x,y)^k+\cdots + Q_s(x,y)^kwithdeg⁡Qik⩽deg⁡P+k3\deg Q_i^k \leqslant \deg P + k^3andssthat depends onkkandln⁡(deg⁡P)\ln (\deg P).
Genetic polymorphisms confer risk of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure: a population‐based study
Authors: Smith J. Gustav , Melander Olle , Sjögren Marketa , Hedblad Bo , Engström Gunnar , Newton‐Cheh Christopher , Platonov Pyotr G. 
Published: November 2012

AimsAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a frequent co‐morbidity in heart failure (HF) associated with increased mortality, but little is known about the mechanisms underlying AF onset in HF patients. We evaluated the association of cardiovascular and genetic risk factors with AF in HF patients.Methods and resultsIndividuals hospitalized for HF (n = 1040; 500 with AF) were identified from a large, population‐based cohort study (n = 30 447; 2339 with AF). Genetic polymorphisms in the chromosomal regions 4q25 (rs2200733) and 16q22 (rs2106261) associated with AF in genome‐wide association studies were genotyped. Association of cardiovascular risk factors and polymorphisms with AF was tested in HF patients and the entire cohort using both prospective and non‐time‐dependent models. Cardiovascular risk factors—hypertension, body mass index, sex, smoking, diabetes, and myocardial infarction—were associated with AF in the entire cohort but not in HF patients. In contrast, polymorphisms on chromosomes 16q22 and 4q25 were associated with AF both in the entire cohort and in HF patients, conferring 75% [95% confidence interval (CI) 35–126, P = 2 × 10−5] and 57% (95% CI 18–109, P = 0.002) increased risk of AF per copy in HF patients, respectively. In the entire cohort, AF risk in the presence of HF was multiplicatively magnified by genotype for 16q22 (P for interaction = 7 × 10−4) but not 4q25 (P = 0.83). In prospective analyses excluding patients with AF diagnosis prior to or simultaneously with HF diagnosis, 16q22 but not 4q25 remained robustly associated with AF (hazard ratio 1.96, 95% CI 1.40–2.73, P = 8 × 10−5). The proportion of AF diagnoses in HF patients attributable to polymorphisms was 19% and 12%, respectively.ConclusionsA polymorphism in the ZFHX3 gene, encoding a cardiac transcription factor, was associated with increased AF risk in HF patients, and the genetic association with AF was more pronounced in HF patients than in the general population.
Death by Volcano: Revolutionary Theatre and Marie-Antoinette
Authors: Perovic Sanja 
Published: November 2012

Abstract

This paper compares the trial and execution of Marie-Antoinette on 16 October 1793 with the performance, two days later, of Sylvain Maréchal's hit play
Le Jugement dernier des rois
, which staged the death of all of Europe's monarchs by an exploding volcano. What links them is the revolutionary concept of rupture, in which the historical breach with the past, associated with the death of the king, was to have established a new temporal relation between events. This article contends that the continued existence of the queen
after
the symbolic act of regicide and the official beginning of a new time reflects a profound crisis in the revolutionary self-image, a crisis fictively resolved by Maréchal's utopian depiction of a world-historical revolution in which all of Europe's monarchs are naturally extinguished. For the volcano shows how revolutionary history requires the supplement of a symbolic terror in order to reintegrate events within a linear history of progress. By contextualizing the queen's trial within its own present, when revolutionary history was being actively constructed, this article aims to shed new light on the relation between revolutionary violence and the experience of time.
La Double Exigence éthique dans les Mémoires du duc de Saint-Simon
Authors: Pigozzo Francesco 
Published: November 2012

Résumé

Si le duc de Saint-Simon mémorialiste a été susceptible de critiques en tant qu'historien et idéologue, personne au fond n'a jamais pu douter de l'authenticité de son engagement éthique et passionnel, tel qu'on le connaît à travers les trente-deux années de sa chronique. Grâce à une approche originale de la question de la dimension littéraire des
Mémoires
, cet article se propose d'expliquer les raisons d'une telle discordance d'opinions. Une contradiction fondamentale hante et nourrit la manière saint-simonienne de concevoir, de juger et de représenter la réalité: dans presque chaque page du texte l'esprit normatif du duc cohabite et s'entremêle avec une véritable obsession des écarts. L'acception politique de l'ambiguïté qui en résulte est analysée en tant que source principale de la polysémie des
Mémoires
aussi bien que de leur vivante beauté. Une comparaison avec la réflexion de Max Weber sur les deux morales mondaines se révèle enfin un outil interprétatif essentiel pour éclairer la signification historique d'un texte qui n'a pas fini de nous instruire par sa capacité de nous surprendre.
Thermomechanically Induced Protein Aggregation and Starch Structural Changes in Wheat Flour Dough
Authors: Rosell Cristina M. , Altamirano‐Fortoul Rossana , Don Clyde , Dubat Arnaud 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTVarious studies have been carried out on wheat flour to understand protein and starch changes when subjected to mixing and temperature constraints, but structural changes of proteins and starch at the typical moisture levels of a dough system are not fully understood. The aim of this research was to improve our understanding of (micro)structural changes at the mesoscopic level, through empirical rheology, microscopy (light and scanning electron microscopy), sequential protein extractions, and glutenin macropolymer wet weight along the mixing, heating, and cooling stages of the Mixolab assay. Studies were performed on three wheat flours with different protein contents. The rheological analysis allowed identifying the role of the proteins and the relationship between the protein content and different primary and secondary parameters obtained from the recorded curves. The progressive heating and mixing stages during the Mixolab assay resulted in a dynamic de‐ and restructuring of proteins involving interactions between the flour proteins from water soluble to SDS soluble to SDS insoluble and vice versa. The microstructure analysis with light, polarized, and scanning electron microscopy revealed the changes that proteins and starch molecules underwent during mixing, heating, and cooling. Qualitatively, the starch structural changes, swelling, and gelatinization observed by microscopic techniques showed some parallels with protein (and glutenin) content of the respective flour. Nevertheless, this tentative finding needs further confirmation by studying flour samples with large differences in glutenin content.
First Report of the Root Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne inornata, on Common Bean in Paraná State, Brazil
Authors: Machado A. C. Z. , Dorigo O. F. , Mattei D. 
Published: November 2012

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris F.) is one of the most important crops in Paraná State, which is responsible for almost 10% of the Brazilian production (4). Root knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., are common parasites of this crop worldwide, but damage caused by Meloidogyne inornata has not been reported. During a survey of nematode species present on common bean fields in Paraná State, Brazil, galled root samples of cultivars Tuiuiú and Eldorado were submitted, in June 2012, in the Nematology Laboratory from IAPAR, collected in the municipalities of Araucária (25°35′34″S, 49°24′36″W) and Santana do Itararé (23°45′18″S, 49°37′44″W). Plants did not exhibit any above-ground symptoms. The specimens were identified through perineal patterns and esterase phenotypes of 20 adult females extracted from dissected roots (2,3). The population densities observed in the samples were 140 and 700 J2 and eggs per gram of roots, respectively, for both samples. Characteristics were consistent with those described for M. inornata. For example, perineal patterns of M. inornata showed a high dorsal arch, with smooth to wavy striae, similar to those of M. incognita; but no punctate markings between anus and tail terminus were observed. However, from the esterase electrophoresis we obtained the I3 (Rm = 0.83, 1.15, and 1.32) phenotype, typical of M. inornata, a species-specific phenotype used to differentiate this species from M. incognita (1). Moreover, the excretory pore of adult females was located 32.1 (± 5.4) μm from the anterior end, consistent with the M. inornata description (25 to 53 μm) (1). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of M. inornata parasitizing common bean roots. This finding has great importance for Brazilian agriculture, since this nematode may damage common bean plants and become an additional problem for this crop. Additional work is necessary in order to elucidate the losses caused by M. inornata on common bean. References: (1) R. M. D. G. Carneiro et al. Nematology 10:123, 2008. (2) P. R. Esbenshade and A. C. Triantaphyllou J. Nematol. 22:10, 1990. (3) K. M. Hartman and J. N. Sasser. Page 115 in: An Advanced Treatise on Meloidogyne, Volume II Methodology. K. R. Barker et al., eds. Raleigh: North Carolina State University Graphics, 1985. (4) MAPA. Feijão, Ministério da Agricultura, Brasil. Retrieved from http://www.agricultura.gov.br/vegetal/culturas/feijao September 05, 2012.
Host Preference of Mating Type in Pseudoperonospora cubensis, the Downy Mildew Causal Agent of Cucurbits
Authors: Cohen Y. , Rubin A. E. , Galperin M. 
Published: November 2012

The A2 mating type of Pseudoperonospora cubensis was first discovered in Israel in May 2010 on butternut gourd (Cucurbita moschata) (1). We monitored the occurrence of the A2 mating type of P. cubensis in isolates collected during May 2010 through September 2012 from downy mildew-infected cucurbit crops growing along the coastal plain of Israel. Mating type was determined by oospore production in melon leaf discs co-inoculated with sporangia of a test isolate mixed with sporangia of A1 or A2 tester isolates (2). The A1 and A2 tester isolates were maintained at 14°C (14 h light/day) by repeated inoculation of detached leaves of cucumber and pumpkin, respectively. The 29 isolates that were collected from cucumber (Cucumis sativum) were all A1. Of the 33 isolates collected from pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima), squash (C. pepo), or butternut gourd (C. moschata), 88% were A2 and 12% were A1. The host preference of mating type in P. cubensis was monitored at Bar-Ilan University farm during April to July 2012, among about 800 plants of eight cucurbit species (~100 plants per species) that were grown side-by-side in three adjacent net-houses (two 6 × 50 m and one 6 × 100 m) and exposed to natural infection. Downy mildew developed on cucumber, melon, pumpkin, squash, and butternut gourd, but not on watermelon, sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica), or Momordica balsamina. Three-hundred and three isolates of P. cubensis were collected and tested for mating type: 123 from cucumber, 53 from melon, 30 from pumpkin, 48 from butternut gourd, and 41 from squash. The cucumber isolates expressed A1, A2, and A1A2 at a ratio of 94.3%, 3.3%, and 2.4%, respectively; the melon isolates 58.5%, 26.4%, and 15.1%; the pumpkin isolates 0%, 96.7%, and 3.3%; the butternut isolate 7.3%, 87.3%, and 5.5%; and the squash isolates 2.4%, 97.6%, and 0%, respectively. A1A2 isolates produce oospores when crossed with either A1 or A2 tester isolates. This is the first evidence suggesting a preference of A1 isolates to Cucumis spp. and of A2 isolates to Cucurbita spp. similar preference was recently observed among Chinese isolates of this pathogen (unpublished data). The mechanism(s) controlling this preference is not known. Classical genetics is currently employed to P. cubensis in order to understand if it derives from true linkage. The practical implication for downy mildew management is that growing cucumber/melon in close proximity to pumpkin/squash/butternut gourd should be avoided as it may enhance oospore production in nature. Oospores in soil were recently shown to serve as a primary source of downy mildew infection in cucumber (3). References: (1) Y. Cohen, A. E. Rubin, and M.Galperin. Plant Dis. 95:874, 2011; (2) Y. Cohen and A. E. Rubin. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 132:577, 2012; (3) Y. J. Zhang et al. J. Phytopathol. 160:469, 2012.
Characteristics and Significance of Intergenic Polyadenylated RNA Transcription in Arabidopsis
Authors: Moghe Gaurav D. , Lehti-Shiu Melissa D. , Seddon Alex E. , Yin Shan , Chen Yani , Juntawong Piyada , Brandizzi Federica , Bailey-Serres Julia , Shiu Shin-Han 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) genome is the most well-annotated plant genome. However, transcriptome sequencing in Arabidopsis continues to suggest the presence of polyadenylated (polyA) transcripts originating from presumed intergenic regions. It is not clear whether these transcripts represent novel noncoding or protein-coding genes. To understand the nature of intergenic polyA transcription, we first assessed its abundance using multiple messenger RNA sequencing data sets. We found 6,545 intergenic transcribed fragments (ITFs) occupying 3.6% of Arabidopsis intergenic space. In contrast to transcribed fragments that map to protein-coding and RNA genes, most ITFs are significantly shorter, are expressed at significantly lower levels, and tend to be more data set specific. A surprisingly large number of ITFs (32.1%) may be protein coding based on evidence of translation. However, our results indicate that these “translated” ITFs tend to be close to and are likely associated with known genes. To investigate if ITFs are under selection and are functional, we assessed ITF conservation through cross-species as well as within-species comparisons. Our analysis reveals that 237 ITFs, including 49 with translation evidence, are under strong selective constraint and relatively distant from annotated features. These ITFs are likely parts of novel genes. However, the selective pressure imposed on most ITFs is similar to that of randomly selected, untranscribed intergenic sequences. Our findings indicate that despite the prevalence of ITFs, apart from the possibility of genomic contamination, many may be background or noisy transcripts derived from “junk” DNA, whose production may be inherent to the process of transcription and which, on rare occasions, may act as catalysts for the creation of novel genes.