bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Groups generated by iterations of polynomials over finite fields
Authors: Shparlinski Igor E. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractGiven a finite field of q elements, we consider a trajectory of the map associated with a polynomial ]. Using bounds of character sums, under some mild condition on f, we show that for an appropriate constant C > 0 no N ⩾ Cq½ distinct consecutive elements of such a trajectory are contained in a small subgroup of , improving the trivial lower bound . Using a different technique, we also obtain a similar result for very small values of N. These results are multiplicative analogues of several recently obtained bounds on the length of intervals containing N distinct consecutive elements of such a trajectory.
Algebraic Cycles on Quadric Sections of Cubics in ℙ4under the Action of Symplectomorphisms
Authors: Guletskiĭ V. , Tikhomirov A. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractLetτbe the involution changing the sign of two coordinates in ℙ4. We prove thatτinduces the identity action on the second Chow group of the intersection of aτ-invariant cubic with aτ-invariant quadric hypersurface in ℙ4. LetlτandΠτbe the one- and two-dimensional components of the fixed locus of the involutionτ. We describe the generalized Prymian associated with the projection of aτ-invariant cubic𝓵⊂ P4fromlτontoΠτin terms of the Prymians𝓅2and𝓅3associated with the double covers of two irreducible components, of degree 2 and 3, respectively, of the reducible discriminant curve. This gives a precise description of the induced action of the involutionτon the continuous part of the Chow group CH2(𝓵). The action on the subgroup corresponding to𝓅3is the identity, and the action on the subgroup corresponding to𝓅2is the multiplication by —1.
Predictors of treatment dropout in self-guided web-based interventions for depression: an ‘individual patient data’ meta-analysis
Authors: Karyotaki E. , Kleiboer A. , Smit F. , Turner D. T. , Pastor A. M. , Andersson G. , Berger T. , Botella C. , Breton J. M. , Carlbring P. , Christensen H. , de Graaf E. , Griffiths K. , Donker T. , Farrer L. , Huibers M. J. H. , Lenndin J. , Mackinnon A. , Meyer B. , Moritz S. , Riper H. , Spek V. , Vernmark K. , Cuijpers P. 
Published: July 2015

BackgroundIt is well known that web-based interventions can be effective treatments for depression. However, dropout rates in web-based interventions are typically high, especially in self-guided web-based interventions. Rigorous empirical evidence regarding factors influencing dropout in self-guided web-based interventions is lacking due to small study sample sizes. In this paper we examined predictors of dropout in an individual patient data meta-analysis to gain a better understanding of who may benefit from these interventions.MethodA comprehensive literature search for all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of psychotherapy for adults with depression from 2006 to January 2013 was conducted. Next, we approached authors to collect the primary data of the selected studies. Predictors of dropout, such as socio-demographic, clinical, and intervention characteristics were examined.ResultsData from 2705 participants across ten RCTs of self-guided web-based interventions for depression were analysed. The multivariate analysis indicated that male gender [relative risk (RR) 1.08], lower educational level (primary education, RR 1.26) and co-morbid anxiety symptoms (RR 1.18) significantly increased the risk of dropping out, while for every additional 4 years of age, the risk of dropping out significantly decreased (RR 0.94).ConclusionsDropout can be predicted by several variables and is not randomly distributed. This knowledge may inform tailoring of online self-help interventions to prevent dropout in identified groups at risk.
A Possible Mid-Fourth-Century Altar Platform at Marcham/Frilford, Oxfordshire
Authors: Warry Peter 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMarcham/Frilford is a large religious site with a temple, an amphitheatre and a central shrine feature. Adjacent to the shrine is a large fourth-century structure containing a significant deposit of coins, hobnails and bones. The absence of diffusion of the tiles from the temple roof to the wider site suggests that it continued to function as a religious complex throughout the Roman period; therefore the large structure is unlikely to have been a building which would have blighted the shrine but was more probably an altar platform where rituals were performed in conjunction with it.
Unifying the Ancestral Land: The CCP's “Taiwan” Frames
Authors: Brady Anne-Marie 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe Chinese Communist Party (CCP) government engages in a vast range of measures aimed at moulding global and domestic public opinion on the Taiwan issue. The Taiwan frames set by the CCP are not just aimed at shaping domestic Chinese public opinion and global discourse on Taiwan-related matters; they also succeed in curtailing the Republic of China (ROC) on Taiwan's global political and commercial space. The CCP's Taiwan frames are in direct conflict with the evolving “Taiwanese identity” frames coming out of the ROC. Moreover, they form part of the CCP government's wider ideological project to frame global concepts of “Chineseness,” which is aimed at combating other ideological challenges to that trope such as the Falun Gong movement, Tibetan independence activism and Chinese democracy groups. Yet, political, economic and technological changes in the PRC and globally suggest that, despite the CCP government's increased efforts, it may be harder than ever to ensure that the CCP frames have the desired effect.
Boundedness of integral operators on decreasing functions
Authors: Carro María J. , Ortiz-Caraballo Carmen 
Published: July 2015

We continue the study of the boundedness of the operatoron the set of decreasing functions in Lp(w). This operator was first introduced by Braverman and Lai and also studied by Andersen, and although the weighted weak-type estimate was completely solved, the characterization of the weights w such that is bounded is still open for the case in which p > 1. The solution of this problem will have applications in the study of the boundedness on weighted Lorentz spaces of important operators in harmonic analysis.
A stereological study on organelle distribution in human oocytes at prophase I
Authors: Pires-Luís Ana Sílvia , Rocha Eduardo , Bartosch Carla , Oliveira Elsa , Silva Joaquina , Barros Alberto , Sá Rosália , Sousa Mário 
Published: July 2015

SummaryThe ultrastructural analysis of human oocytes at different maturation stages has only been descriptive. The aim of this study was to use a stereological approach to quantify the distribution of organelles in oocytes at prophase I (GV). Seven immature GV oocytes were processed for transmission electron microscopy and a classical manual stereological technique based on point-counting with an adequate stereological grid was used. The Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–WhitneyU-test with Bonferroni correction were used to compare the means of the relative volumes occupied by organelles in oocyte regions: cortex (C), subcortex (SC) and inner cytoplasm (IC). Here we first describe in GV oocytes very large vesicles of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), vesicles containing zona pellucida-like materials and coated vesicles. The most abundant organelles were the very large vesicles of the SER (6.9%), mitochondria (6.3%) and other SER vesicles (6.1%). Significant differences in organelle distribution were observed between ooplasm regions: cortical vesicles (C: 1.3% versus SC: 0.1%, IC: 0.1%,P= 0.001) and medium-sized vesicles containing zona pellucida-like materials (C: 0.2% versus SC: 0.02%, IC: 0%,P= 0.004) were mostly observed at the oocyte cortex, whereas mitochondria (C: 3.6% versus SC: 6.0%, IC: 7.2%,P= 0.005) were preferentially located in the subcortex and inner cytoplasm, and SER very large vesicles (IC: 10.1% versus C: 0.9%, SC: 1.67%,P= 0.001) in the oocyte inner cytoplasm. Further quantitative studies are needed in immature metaphase-I and mature metaphase-II oocytes, as well as analysis of correlations between ultrastructural and molecular data, to better understand human oocytein vitromaturation.
Effects of surgical en bloc rotation of the arterial trunk on the conduction system in children with transposition of the great arteries, ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis
Authors: Prandstetter Christoph , Tulzer Andreas , Mair Rudolf , Sames-Dolzer Eva , Tulzer Gerald 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectivesThe standard surgical management of patients with transposition of the great arteries, ventricular septal defect, and pulmonary stenosis is the Rastelli operation. Recently, en bloc rotation of the arterial trunk, by cutting out the aortic and the pulmonary root in one block and by rotating it 180°, has been introduced as a new option for anatomical repair.MethodsTo evaluate the effects of this surgical method on the conduction system, pre-operative, post-operative, and follow-up electrocardiograms as well as patient charts were reviewed retrospectively. A total of 16 consecutive patients with transposition of the great arteries and left outflow tract obstruction were treated with en bloc rotation.ResultsDuring the post-operative period, there were two patients with complete atrio-ventricular block, one with junctional ectopic tachycardia, one with ventricular tachycardia, and one with supraventricular tachycardia. None of the patients had a typical right bundle branch block pattern before surgery; however, this pattern was detectable after surgery in eight out of 16 patients (50%), which persisted during the follow-up. All patients without typical right bundle branch block pattern showed a median QRS duration of 65 ms (54–112 ms) before surgery, 62 ms (54–122 ms) after surgery, and 84 ms (66–128 ms) at the last follow-up visit. This compares well with a similar Rastelli cohort, where a right bundle branch block prevalence of 77% was reported. Out of 16 patients, 12 showed non-specific ST changes and negative T-waves, which persisted during follow-up with an unknown significance for the future.ConclusionOur data suggest that en bloc rotation of the arterial trunk seems not to have more negative effects on the conduction system than the Rastelli operation.
Impact of school lunch type on nutritional quality of English children’s diets
Authors: Evans Charlotte EL , Mandl Vera , Christian Meaghan S , Cade Janet E 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectiveNutrient and food standards exist for school lunches in English primary schools although packed lunches brought from home are not regulated. The aim of the present study was to determine nutritional and dietary differences by lunch type.DesignA cross-sectional survey was carried out in 2007 assessing diet using the Child and Diet Evaluation Tool (CADET), a validated 24 h estimated food diary. The data were analysed to determine nutritional and dietary intakes over the whole day by school meal type: school meals and packed lunches.SettingFifty-four primary schools across England.SubjectsChildren (n 2709) aged 6–8 years.ResultsChildren having a packed lunch consumed on average 11·0 g more total sugars (95 % CI 6·6, 15·3 g) and 101 mg more Na (95 % CI 29, 173 mg) over the whole day. Conversely, children having a school meal consumed, on average, 4·0 g more protein (95 % CI 2·3, 5·7 g), 0·9 g more fibre (NSP; 95 % CI 0·5, 1·3 g) and 0·4 mg more Zn (95 % CI 0·1, 0·6 mg). There was no difference in daily energy intake by lunch type. Children having a packed lunch were more likely to consume snacks and sweetened drinks; while children having a school meal were more likely to consume different types of vegetables and drink water over the whole day.ConclusionsCompared with children having a school meal, children taking a packed lunch to school consumed a lower-quality diet over the whole day, including higher levels of sugar and Na and fewer vegetables. These findings support the introduction of policies that increase school meal uptake.
Intake of energy-dense snack foods and drinks among Dutch children aged 7–12 years: how many, how much, when, where and which?
Authors: Gevers Dorus WM , Kremers Stef PJ , de Vries Nanne K , van Assema Patricia 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the energy-dense snack food (EDSF) and energy-dense drink (EDD) consumption of children in the Netherlands and investigate subgroup differences. The amounts consumed, eating occasions, places of consumption and consumed types are reported.DesignTwenty-four hour dietary recall data were used to describe the EDSF and EDD consumption. Subgroup differences concerning these intakes were identified with ANCOVA.SettingDutch National Food Consumption Survey 2007–2010.SubjectsChildren (n860) aged 7–12 years.ResultsThe mean number of EDSF events was 3·3 (sd1·6) per day, yielding 1569·7 (sd928·7) kJ. Average EDD consumption was 594·2 (sd342·3) ml/d, yielding 737·2 (sd495·9) kJ. Over 90 % of the children consumed more energy from non-core foods per day than recommended. Differences in EDSF and EDD consumption were found between several subgroups. Most importantly, we found higher intakes among older children and children with low educated mothers. Almost half of the EDSF events took place in the afternoon and at home. Cookies and sweets were consumed during half of the EDSF events. Almost one-third of the EDD were consumed in the afternoon. The majority of these drinks were consumed at home and most were soft drinks.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate that snack food and drink consumption is highly prevalent among Dutch children. Health promotion efforts addressing these behaviours are warranted and the present study could accelerate these initiatives. Focusing on children with low educated parents and on snacking at home after school offers the greatest potential to reduce snack food and drink intakes.
Acceptability and feasibility of smartphone-assisted 24 h recalls in the Chinese population
Authors: Zang Jiajie , Song Jun , Wang Zhengyuan , Yao Chunxia , Ma Jianhong , Huang Cuihua , Zhu Zhenni , Smith Lindsey P , Du Shufa , Hua Jenna , Seto Edmund , Popkin Barry M , Zou Shurong 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the acceptability and feasibility of using smartphone technology to assess beverage intake and evaluate whether the feasibility of smartphone use is greater among key sub-populations.DesignAn acceptability and feasibility study of recording the video dietary record, the acceptability of the ecological momentary assessment (EMA), wearing smartphones and whether the videos helped participants recall intake after a cross-over validation study.SettingRural and urban area in Shanghai, China.SubjectsHealthy adults (n 110) aged 20–40 years old.ResultsMost participants reported that the phone was acceptable in most aspects, including that videos were easy to use (70 %), helped with recalls (77 %), EMA reminders helped them record intake (75 %) and apps were easy to understand (85 %). However, 49 % of the participants reported that they had trouble remembering to take videos of the beverages before consumption or 46 % felt embarrassed taking videos in front of others. Moreover, 72 % reported that the EMA reminders affected their consumption. When assessing overall acceptability of using smartphones, 72 % of the participants were favourable responders. There were no statistically significant differences in overall acceptability for overweight v. normal-weight participants or for rural v. urban residents. However, we did find that the overall acceptability was higher for males (81 %) than females (61 %, P=0·017).ConclusionsOur study did not find smartphone technology helped with dietary assessments in a Chinese population. However, simpler approaches, such as using photographs instead of videos, may be more feasible for enhancing 24 h dietary recalls.
The feasibility and acceptability of reducing salt in partially baked bread: a Spanish case study
Authors: Quilez Joan , Salas-Salvado Jordi 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectiveBread is a staple of the Mediterranean diet but contributes substantially to its salt content (19 % in Spain). The objective of the present study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of salt reduction in partially baked breads, partly replacing salt (NaCl) with a potassium salt, with subsequent follow-up.DesignDuring 2013, nine breads already on the market (1·8 % NaCl flour basis) had 0·5 % of NaCl replaced with potassium citrate (27·7 % reduction in sodium) and were commercialized in Spain. Later, breads were baked in bake-off stores and sold ready-to-eat to consumers. This market test was evaluated by comparing the sales between standard- v. reduced-salt breads and the complaints related to flavour attributes. The wholesalers involved in the market test were then surveyed.SettingSpain.ResultsThe market test confirmed good acceptance of the reduced-salt breads, as 2013 sales were 3678 tonnes v. 2012 sales of 3577 tonnes for the same standard breads. No complaints were received. The wholesaler survey showed, in general, little awareness of salt reduction.ConclusionsIt is feasible that potassium citrate can reduce the salt content of bread without negatively affecting sales or complaints. This shows potential for introducing this type of bread on a larger scale.
Gender-specific association of weight perception and appearance satisfaction with slimming attempts and eating patterns in a sample of young Norwegian adolescents
Authors: Oellingrath Inger M , Hestetun Ingebjørg , Svendsen Martin V 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo examine gender-specific associations of weight perception and appearance satisfaction with slimming attempts and eating patterns among young Norwegian adolescents.DesignCross-sectional study. Adolescent dietary data were reported by parents using a retrospective FFQ. Eating patterns were identified using principal component analysis. Adolescents’ reported weight perception, appearance satisfaction and slimming attempts were analysed using cross-tabulation and Pearson’s χ2 test. Associations between perceived weight, appearance satisfaction and slimming attempts/eating patterns were examined using multiple logistic regression analysis.SettingPrimary schools, Telemark, Norway.SubjectsChildren (n 469), mean age 12·7 (sd 0·3) years, and parents.ResultsGender differences were observed in self-perceived weight and appearance satisfaction. Girls were most satisfied with appearance when feeling thin, boys when feeling just the right weight. Perceived overweight was the main predictor of slimming attempts across genders (adjusted OR=15·3; 95 % CI 6·0, 39·1 for girls; adjusted OR=18·2; 95 % CI 5·8, 57·3 for boys). Low appearance satisfaction was associated with slimming attempts (adjusted OR=3·3; 95 % CI 1·0, 10·5) and a dieting eating pattern (adjusted OR=2·8; 95 % CI 1·5, 5·2) in girls. Perceived underweight was associated with a junk/convenience eating pattern in boys (adjusted OR=2·8; 95 % CI 1·2, 6·4).ConclusionsGender differences were observed in subjective body concerns. Perceived overweight was the main predictor of slimming attempts by both genders. Different aspects of body dissatisfaction were related to different food behaviours in boys and girls. Health professionals should be aware of these gender differences when planning health promotion programmes targeting young adolescents.
Assessment of heterogeneity in types of vegetables served by main household food preparers and food decision influencers
Authors: Yi Sunghwan , Kanetkar Vinay , Brauer Paula 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectiveWhile vegetables are often studied as one food group, global measures may mask variation in the types and forms of vegetables preferred by different individuals. To explore preferences for and perceptions of vegetables, we assessed main food preparers based on their preparation of eight specific vegetables and mushrooms.DesignAn online self-report survey.SettingOntario, Canada. Measures included perceived benefits and obstacles of vegetables, convenience orientation and variety seeking in meal preparation.SubjectsOf the 4517 randomly selected consumers who received the invitation, 1013 responded to the survey (22·4 % response). Data from the main food preparers were analysed (n 756).ResultsLatent profile analysis indicated three segments of food preparers. More open to new recipes, the ‘crucifer lover’ segment (13 %) prepared and consumed substantially more Brussels sprouts, broccoli and asparagus than the other segments. Although similar to the ‘average consumer’ segment (54 %) in many ways, the ‘frozen vegetable user’ segment (33 %) used significantly more frozen vegetables than the other segments due to higher prioritization of time and convenience in meal preparation and stronger ‘healthy=not tasty’ perception. Perception of specific vegetables on taste, healthiness, ease of preparation and cost varied significantly across the three consumer segments. Crucifer lovers also differed with respect to shopping and cooking habits compared with the frozen vegetable users.ConclusionsThe substantial heterogeneity in the types of vegetables consumed and perceptions across the three consumer segments has implications for the development of new approaches to promoting these foods.
Empirically derived dietary patterns and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis on prospective observational studies
Authors: Maghsoudi Zahra , Ghiasvand Reza , Salehi-Abargouei Amin 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo systematically review prospective cohort studies about the association between dietary patterns and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence, and to quantify the effects using a meta-analysis.DesignDatabases such as PubMed, ISI Web of Science, SCOPUS and Google Scholar were searched up to 15 January 2015. Cohort studies which tried to examine the association between empirically derived dietary patterns and incident T2DM were selected. The relative risks (RR) and their 95 % confidence intervals for diabetes among participants with highest v. lowest adherence to derived dietary patterns were incorporated into meta-analysis using random-effects models.ResultsTen studies (n 404 528) were enrolled in the systematic review and meta-analysis; our analysis revealed that adherence to the ‘healthy’ dietary patterns significantly reduced the risk of T2DM (RR=0·86; 95 % CI 0·82, 0·90), while the ‘unhealthy’ dietary patterns adversely affected diabetes risk (RR=1·30; 95 % CI 1·18, 1·43). Subgroup analysis showed that unhealthy dietary patterns in which foods with high phytochemical content were also loaded did not significantly increase T2DM risk (RR=1·06; 95 % CI 0·87, 1·30).Conclusions‘Healthy’ dietary patterns containing vegetables, fruits and whole grains can lower diabetes risk by 14 %. Consuming higher amounts of red and processed meats, high-fat dairy and refined grains in the context of ‘unhealthy’ dietary patterns will increase diabetes risk by 30 %; while including foods with high phytochemical content in these patterns can modify this effect.