bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between protein intake and functional capacity in critically ill patients: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Araújo Fábio , Posadas‐Calleja Juan G. , Raman Maitreyi , Tosh Maureen , Wischmeyer Paul , Barreto Priscilla , Gillis Chelsia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundIntensive care unit (ICU) protein benchmarks are based on mortality and morbidity; whether these targets also support functional recovery is unknown. We assessed whether different protein doses influenced patients' functional capacity, measured by the Chelsea Physical Assessment score (CPAx).MethodsSingle‐center retrospective cohort study on ICU survivors with length of stay ≥7 days admitted between October 2014 and September 2020. Eligible patients were divided according to protein intake (g/kg/day): low (<0.8), medium (0.8–1.19), high (1.2–1.5), and very high (>1.5). Protein dose effect on CPAx was assessed at ICU discharge with analysis of covariance adjusting for age, illness severity, hospital length of stay before ICU admission, time to start nutrition support, and mechanical ventilation duration. We also investigated effect modification by energy intake and nutrition status.ResultsEnrolled patients (n = 531) were similar for age, nutrition status, and illness severity across groups. CPAxs were nonlinearly associated with protein doses and similar among low, medium, and very high groups. The CPAx for the high group was statistically different (P = 0.014), indicating that the data of three groups could be pooled. Mean CPAx difference remained statistically significant after adjusting for confounding variables (3.9 ± 1.8, P = 0.029 in the four‐group model, and 2.7 ± 0.9, P = 0.003 in the pooled two‐group model). Energy intake was equivalent between groups and did not modify CPAx. The high group had superior CPAx in both well‐nourished and malnourished patients, indicating nutrition status was not an effect modifier.ConclusionProtein dose 1.2–1.5 g/kg/day was associated with superior functional capacity at ICU discharge compared with other doses. Neither energy intake nor nutrition status modified functional capacity across groups; therefore, the results appear to be influenced by 1.2–1.5 g/kg/day.
Does body weight below 6 kg modify survival of infants after liver transplant? Complete National Transplant Registry Data
Authors: Maruszewski Przemyslaw , Vilchez Monge Almudena L. , Stefanowicz Marek , Szymczak Marek , Broniszczak Dorota , Kowalski Adam , Kaliciński Piotr , Ismail Hor 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the impact of infant recipient body weight at primary liver transplantation (LT) on both recipient and graft survival rates in complete national data from Poland.MethodsWe conducted a single‐center, retrospective cohort study including 142 LT recipients below 1 year of age with body weights below 10 kg who received primary and isolated LT between 2001 and 2017. Patients were divided into two study groups according to body weight at the time of LT: (1) Group I (≤6.0 kg, 32 patients) and (2) Group II (6.1–9.9 kg, 110 patients). Independent impact of body weight on patient and graft survival were assessed using survival curves and a multivariable Cox regression analysis. The univariate predictors of mortality or retransplantation at 1 year post‐LT were recipient body weight of ≤6 kg at transplantation, pediatric end‐stage liver disease score, urgent LT, graft from deceased donor, cold ischemia time, post‐LT hepatic artery thrombosis, and post‐LT dialysis.ResultsNo statistically significant impact of body weight ≤6 kg on 1‐year failure‐free survival was found based on the multivariable analysis (p = 0.063). Body weight ≤6 kg was associated with longer post‐LT intensive care unit and post‐LT hospital stays (p = 0.013 and 0.025, respectively).ConclusionsSince no evidence of independent negative impact of recipient body weight ≤6 kg on failure‐free survival 1 year post‐LT was found, LT in infants with end‐stage liver disease in Poland should be performed according to medical indications and urgency when an appropriate donor is available.
Quality of life from childhood to adulthood: Perspectives from adult patients with pediatric‐onset intestinal failure
Authors: Neumann Marie L. , Kakani Swapna , Ladner Amy 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAdult patients with pediatric onset short bowel syndrome (SBS) or intestinal failure (IF) have been described as a distinct population warranting further research. The aim of this exploratory study aimed was to offer initial insights into this population's navigation of childhood, adolescence, and transition into adulthood. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected from a convenience sample of adults with pediatric‐onset SBS/IF using a disease‐specific pilot survey; 14 questionnaires were completed. Responses indicated childhood and adulthood were complex and marked by joys and trials, while adolescence was experienced by many as a particularly challenging time. As adults, numerous patients experienced barriers to accessing the medical care they desired and described difficulties finding experienced and knowledgeable providers who listened and offered individualized care. This study highlights the importance of further studying this unique patient population, suggesting it can offer critical insights to inform the development of interventions and transition programs.
Lymph node metastasis detection using artificial intelligence in T1 colorectal cancer: A comprehensive systematic review
Authors: Yao Xiaoyan , Zhou Zhiyong , Mao Shengxun , Cao Jiaqing , Li Huizi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe systematically reviewed the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in predicting lymph node metastasis (LNM) in T1 colorectal cancer (CRC). Thirteen studies with 8417 patients were included. AI demonstrated high potential in predicting LNM with sensitivity, specificity, and AUC ranging from 0.561 to 1.0, 0.45 to 1.0, and 0.717 to 1.0, respectively, reducing unnecessary surgeries by approximately 70%.
Survival benefit associated with screening of patients at elevated risk for pancreatic cancer
Authors: Kane William J. , Haden Kathleen R. , Martin Elizabeth N. , Shami Vanessa M. , Wang Andrew Y. , Strand Daniel S. , Adair Sara J. , Nagdas Sarbajeet , Tsung Allan , Zaydfudim Victor M. , Adams Reid B. , Bauer Todd W. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground & ObjectivesScreening for pancreatic cancer is recommended for individuals with a strong family history, certain genetic syndromes, or a neoplastic cyst of the pancreas. However, limited data supports a survival benefit attributable to screening these higher‐risk individuals.MethodsAll patients enrolled in screening at a High‐Risk Pancreatic Cancer Clinic (HRC) from July 2013 to June 2020 were identified from a prospectively maintained institutional database and compared to patients evaluated at a Surgical Oncology Clinic (SOC) at the same institution during the same period. Clinical outcomes of patients selected for surgical resection, particularly clinicopathologic stage and overall survival, were compared.ResultsAmong 826 HRC patients followed for a median (IQR) of 2.3 (0.8–4.2) years, 128 were selected for surgical resection and compared to 402 SOC patients selected for resection. Overall survival was significantly longer among HRC patients (median survival: not reached vs. 2.6 years, p < 0.001). Among 31 HRC and 217 SOC patients with a diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the majority of HRC patients were diagnosed with stage 0 disease (carcinoma in situ), while the majority of SOC patients were diagnosed with stage II disease (p < 0.001). Overall survival after resection of invasive PDAC was also significantly longer among HRC patients compared to SOC patients (median survival 5.5 vs. 1.6 years, p = 0.002).ConclusionPatients at increased risk for PDAC and followed with guideline‐based screening exhibited downstaging of disease and improved survival from PDAC in comparison to patients who were not screened.
Engaging the child–parent relationship to treat early trauma: The challenge and promise of scaling with fidelity
Authors: Lieberman Alicia F. , Ghosh Ippen Chandra 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThere is an urgent imperative to scale up access to effective, family‐focused mental health services for trauma‐exposed infants, toddlers, and preschoolers, who represent the most vulnerable and most underserved sector of the clinical child population. This article describes the process of scaling child–parent psychotherapy, an evidence‐based treatment currently used in 39 U.S. states and six countries, as an example of the promise and challenge of large‐scale implementation of relationship‐based treatments
Physical Inactivity and Sedentariness in Older Hearing Loss patients: Restoration With Hearing Aids
Authors: Han Sang‐Yoon , Seo Hee Won , Lee Seung Hwan , Chung Jae Ho 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesHearing loss causes numerous functional deficits. However, few studies have been conducted to assess the association between hearing loss and physical inactivity. This study aimed to evaluate the physical activity and sedentary behavior of hearing loss patients and their relation with the use of hearing aids.Materials and MethodsWe extracted participants over 60 years of age with information on hearing status and physical activities from the eighth Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey conducted from 2019 to 2020. We classified them into four groups: a normal hearing group (≤25 dB), a mild hearing loss group (>25 dB and ≤40 dB), a moderate hearing loss group (>40 dB and ≤50 dB), and a non‐serviceable hearing group (>50 dB). Additionally, we extracted hearing aid users with hearing levels exceeding 50 dB.ResultsAfter adjusting other factors, the non‐serviceable hearing group walked less frequently than the moderate (p = 0.004) and mild hearing loss group (p < 0.001) and walked less and sat more than the normal hearing group (walking frequency: p < 0.001; walking time: p = 0.020; and sitting time: p = 0.034). Also, the hearing aid users walked more frequently (p = 0.003) and for longer (p = 0.045) than the non‐serviceable hearing group.ConclusionHearing loss is associated with reduced walking and a sedentary lifestyle. The use of hearing aids is associated with improved physical activity. Appropriate interventions, including hearing aids, should be provided to hearing loss patients.Level of Evidence3 (individual cross‐sectional study) Laryngoscope, 134:5109–5115, 2024
The Influence of Mallet Mass and Velocity on the Fracture Patterns in Osteotomies
Authors: Goshtasbi Khodayar , Kim Daniel , Torabi Sina J. , Nguyen Theodore V. , Chung Brigitte A. , Hong Ellen M. , Vu John , Salas Jessica , Kim Justin S. , Wong Brian J.F. 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionOsteotomies are routinely incorporated in rhinoplasty, however, the influence of mass, velocity, kinetic energy (KE), and momentum (p) of the mallet on fracture patterns has not been studied.MethodsAn experimental sledge guillotine setup was designed simulating a mallet strike with adjustable height and mass and 2 mm‐thick Sawbone blocks. KE and p were calculated using KE = ½ mass × velocity2 and p = mass × velocity formulas. Fracture lengths and angles were measured.ResultsTen groups with varying mallet masses and drop heights were tested with 10 bones per group. Fracture length positively correlated with KE (R = 0.542, p < 0.001) and p (R = 0.508, p < 0.001). Fracture angle also positively correlated with KE (R = 0.367, p < 0.001) and p (R = 0.329, p < 0.001). In groups with similar KE, osteotomies with higher p (heavier mallet with slower velocity) had greater fracture lengths (29.31 ± 0.68 vs. 27.68 ± 2.12 mm, p = 0.013) but similar fracture angles (p = 0.189). In groups with similar p, osteotomies with higher KE (lighter hammer with faster velocity) had significantly greater fracture lengths (28.28 ± 1.28 vs. 20.45 ± 12.20 mm, p = 0.041) and greater divergent fracture angles (3.13 ± 1.97° vs. 1.40 ± 1.36°, p = 0.031). Regression modeling of the relationship between KE and fracture lengths and angles demonstrated that cubic followed by logarithmic regression models had the best fits.ConclusionOsteotomy fracture patterns positively correlated with the mallet's KE more so than its p, suggesting that the mallet's velocity has an increased impact effect than its mass. Clinically, a heavier mallet with a lower velocity will likely generate a smaller fracture length and fracture angle, indicating a more controlled and ideal fracture.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 2024
My money—My problem: How fear‐of‐missing‐out appeals can hinder sustainable investment decisions
Authors: Meyer Jan‐Hinrich , Friederich Felix , Matute Jorge , Schwarz Michelle 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCryptocurrencies (cryptos) have detrimental environmental effects due to their massive energy consumption. While several green crypto coins have been launched, the mainstream—environmentally unfriendly coins—still lead the market. In this study, we explore if influencer marketing, specifically fear‐of‐missing‐out (FOMO) appeals, can contribute to promoting green crypto coin purchases to encourage sustainable investments. The results of five studies (two lab experiments using neurobiological sensors, two online experiments, and a discrete choice experiment) show that social media postings conveying FOMO appeals decrease (increase) green crypto (normal crypto) coin investments. The results further show that message congruence and emotional value perceptions mediate this effect. Finally, we demonstrate that the observed results hold when adding governance and regulatory crypto support as well as the crypto price path evolution to the choice. The results provide notable theoretical contributions and implications for policymakers concerned with fostering more sustainable consumption behavior in the crypto context.
Design of Co‐Cured Multi‐Component Thermosets with Enhanced Heat Resistance, Toughness, and Processability via a Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Song Shuang , Xu Xinyao , Lan Haoxiang , Gao Liang , Lin Jiaping , Du Lei , Wang Yuyuan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDesigning heat‐resistant thermosets with excellent comprehensive performance has been a long‐standing challenge. Co‐curing of various high‐performance thermosets is an effective strategy, however, the traditional trial‐and‐error experiments have long research cycles for discovering new materials. Herein, a two‐step machine learning (ML) assisted approach is proposed to design heat‐resistant co‐cured resins composed of polyimide (PI) and silicon‐containing arylacetylene (PSA), that is, poly(silicon‐alkyne imide) (PSI). First, two ML prediction models are established to evaluate the processability of PIs and their compatibility with PSA. Then, another two ML models are developed to predict the thermal decomposition temperature and flexural strength of the co‐cured PSI resins. The optimal molecular structures and compositions of PSI resins are high‐throughput screened. The screened PSI resins are experimentally verified to exhibit enhanced heat resistance, toughness, and processability. The research framework established in this work can be generalized to the rational design of other advanced multi‐component polymeric materials.
YAP‐LAMB3 axis dictates cellular resistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells to gemcitabine
Authors: Li Yecheng , Wang Xiaolong , Yu Hongpei , Cao Jinming , Xie Jiaming , Zhou Jinhong , Feng Zhenyu , Chen Wei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive tumors with poor prognosis and inadequate response to treatment, such as gemcitabine (Gem), the first‐line chemotherapeutic drug. Understanding the molecular determinants that control drug resistance to Gem is critical to predict potentially responsive patients and improve the benefits of Gem therapy. Emerging evidence suggests that certain developmental pathways, such as Hippo signaling, are aberrated and play important roles in Gem resistance in cancers. Although Hippo signaling has been reported to play a role in chemoresistance in cancers, it has not been clarified which specific target gene(s) functionally mediates the effect. In the present study, we found that YAP serves as a potent barrier for the cellular sensitivity of PDAC cells to Gem. We then identified and characterized laminin subunit beta 3 (LAMB3) as a bona fide target of YAP‐TEAD4 to amplify YAP signaling via a feedback loop. Such a YAP‐LAMB3 axis is critical to induce epithelial–mesenchymal transition and mediate Gem resistance. Taken together, we uncovered that YAP‐LAMB3 axis is an important regulator of Gem, thus providing potential therapeutic targets for overcoming Gem resistance in PDAC.
UBE2D1 promotes glioblastoma proliferation by modulating p21 ubiquitination
Authors: Wang Yongfeng , Ma Qianquan , Li Haoyu , Huang Wei , You Jia , Liu Dian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) cells exhibit aberrant proliferative abilities and resistance to conventional therapies. However, the mechanisms underlying these malignant phenotypes are poorly understood. In this study, we identified ubiquitin‐conjugating enzyme E2D1 (UBE2D1) as a crucial stimulator of GBM development. It is highly expressed in GBM and closely associated with poor prognosis in patients with GBM. UBE2D1 knockdown inhibits GBM cell growth and leads to G1 cell cycle arrest. Mechanistically, UBCH5A binds to p21 at the protein level and induces the ubiquitination and degradation of p21. This negative regulation is mediated by STUB1. Our findings are the first to identify UBE2D1 as a key driver of GBM growth and provide a potential target for improving prognosis and therapy.
Soil arching evolution in GRPS embankments: Numerical spring‐based trapdoor tests
Authors: Zhang Ling , Deng Mengchao , Zhou Jie , Xu Zeyu , Zhou Shuai , Chen Yunhao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSoil arching is one of the main load transfer mechanisms of geosynthetic‐reinforced and pile‐supported (GRPS) embankments. This study established a numerical spring‐based trapdoor model that can consider the coupling effect between embankment filling, horizontal geosynthetic, piles, and soft soil between piles by the discrete element method (DEM). The effects of multiple factors on the deformation pattern, load transfer, and the settlement at the top surface of GRPS embankments were analyzed, such as soft soil stiffness, geosynthetic stiffness, fill height, and pile clear spacing. The multiple spring‐based trapdoor (MS‐TD) model effectively replicated the actual deformation of soft soil between piles in engineering practice by elucidating the nonuniform settlement of the fill on the trapdoor. Although the geosynthetic indirectly reduces the load transferred to the pile top by weakening the soil arching, it can directly increase the load transferred to the pile top by the membrane effect, thereby increasing the total load transferred to the pile top. The effect of the geosynthetic on reducing settlement decreases with the increase of soft soil stiffness, and the displacement reduction ratio at the top surface remains unchanged when it exceeds a certain value. In addition, the shape of the soil arch evolves rather than unchanged during the growth of pile clear spacing.
Impact of logistics capacity on duopoly competition: Implications for firms and consumers
Authors: Wang Zhongbin , Li Yongjian , Yao Song , Wang Jinting 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPrice promotion is an effective way to capture market share, as consumer sensitivity to price is universal. Yet, consumer satisfaction with services‐such as logistics‐plays a critical role. Deep price discounts can indeed spike demand, but they can also congest systems, thus prolonging delivery times and diminishing consumer satisfaction. Despite observed significant effects of logistics capacity on consumer and firm payoffs in logistics systems in recent years, economic and operational analysis of these effects remains under explored. This study theoretically examines the influence of logistics capacity on competition between two firms using a refined Hotelling model that incorporates system congestion via a BPR‐type congestion function. Our primary findings include: First, the possibility of multiple equilibria emerges with intermediate product values, fueled by either unilateral price reductions to seize greater market share or price increases to enhance marginal benefits. Moreover, a firm with superior logistics capacity may not always set higher prices at equilibrium. Second, we show that equilibrium pricing exhibits a non‐monotonic relationship with logistics capacity and market size. Lastly, we scrutinize firms' long‐term strategic reactions to changes in logistics capacity and the implications of marginal capacity costs, symmetric or otherwise. Our findings provide the following insights. We caution that the equilibrium pricing strategy is ambiguous when the product value is not extreme because both firms are more likely to engage in random price wars. Intriguingly, while augmenting logistics capacity might elevate service satisfaction, it could paradoxically reduce firm revenue or consumer surplus. Our analysis also indicates that higher marginal capacity costs could, counter intuitively, benefit firms or consumers.
A mesh‐in‐element method for the theory of porous media
Authors: Maike S. , Schröder J. , Bluhm J. , Ricken T. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhile direct homogenisation approaches such as the FE method are subject to the assumption of scale separation, the mesh‐in‐element (MIEL) approach is based on an approach with strong scale coupling, which is based on a discretization with finite elements. In this contribution we propose a two‐scale MIEL scheme in the framework of the theory of porous media (TPM). This work is a further development of the MIEL method which is based on the works of the authors A. Ibrahimbegovic, R.L. Taylor, D. Markovic, H.G. Matthies, R. Niekamp (in alphabetical order); where we find the physical and mathematical as well as the software coupling implementation aspects of the multi‐scale modeling of heterogeneous structures with inelastic constitutive behaviour, see for example, [Eng Comput, 2005;22(5‐6):664‐683.] and [Eng Comput, 2009;26(1/2):6‐28.]. Within the scope of this contribution, the necessary theoretical foundations of TPM are provided and the special features of the algorithmic implementation in the context of the MIEL method are worked out. Their fusion is investigated in representative numerical examples to evaluate the characteristics of this approach and to determine its range of application.
Using Machine Learning for Endoscopic Detection of Low‐Grade Subglottic Stenosis: A Proof of Principle
Authors: Eitan Dana N. , Wolter Nikolaus E. , Scheffler Patrick 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe current study trains, tests, and evaluates a deep learning algorithm to detect subglottic stenosis (SGS) on endoscopy. A retrospective review of patients undergoing microlaryngoscopy‐bronchoscopy was performed. A pretrained image classifier (Resnet50) was retrained and tested on 159 images of airways taken at the glottis, 106 normal‐sized airways, and 122 with SGS. Data augmentation was performed given the small sample size to prevent overfitting. Overall model accuracy was 73.3% (SD: 3.8). Precision and recall for stenosis were 77.3% (SD: 4.0) and 72.7 (SD: 4.0). F1 score for the detection of stenosis was 0.75 (SD: 0.04). Precision and recall for normal‐sized images were lower at 69% (SD: 4.35) and 74% (SD: 4), with an F1 score of 0.71 (SD: 0.04). This study demonstrates that an image classification algorithm can identify SGS on endoscopic images. Work is needed to improve diagnostic accuracy for eventual deployment of the algorithm into clinical care.