bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender discrimination in Swedish family courts: A quantitative vignette study
Authors: Ngaosuvan Leonard , Hagberg Jenny , Sikström Sverker 
Published: August 2024

Background
Gender discrimination of women is often emphasized in work contexts, whereas less focus is on how men are discriminated against in social relationships. Gender discrimination in decisions of family relations, is essential to study as the contact between parent and child is commonly viewed as the most important relationship in people’s life, as well as being the most important aspect of our life. Following separations, decisions on custody disputes are made by social workers. The purpose of this paper is to study gender discrimination in such decisions.

Method
Participants were instructed to give a recommendation of shared parenting based on a custody case vinjett, where we manipulate the gender of the risk parent.

Results
The participants’ recommendation of living was mainly dependent on the risk parent’s gender, where the mother was considerably more likely to receive shared custody than the father.

Conclusions
Professional social workers show selective gender discrimination against fathers in terms of living recommendations.
Is there a causal relationship between resistin levels and bone mineral density, fracture occurrence? A mendelian randomization study
Authors: Xu Taichuan , Li Chao , Liao Yitao , Xu Yenan , Fan Zhihong , Zhang Xian 
Published: August 2024

Background
In a great many of observational studies, whether there is a relevance of resistin levels on bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture occurrence has been inconsistently reported, and the causality is unclear.

Methods
We aim to assess the resistin levels on BMD and fracture occurrence within a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Exposure and outcome data were derived from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) Open genome wide association studies (GWAS) database. Screening of instrumental variables (IVs) was performed subject to conditions of relevance, exclusivity, and independence. Inverse variance weighting (IVW) was our primary method for MR analysis based on harmonized data. Weighted median and MR-Egger were chosen to evaluate the robustness of the results of IVW. Simultaneously, heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were also assessed and the direction of potential causality was detected by MR Steiger. Multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was used to identify whether confounding factors affected the reliability of the results.

Results
After Bonferroni correction, the results showed a suggestively positive causality between resistin levels and total body BMD (TB-BMD) in European populations over the age of 60 [β(95%CI): 0.093(0.021, 0.165), P = 0.011]. The weighted median [β(95%CI): 0.111(0.067, 0.213), P = 0.035] and MR-Egger [β(95%CI): 0.162(0.025, 0.2983), P = 0.040] results demonstrate the robustness of the IVW results. No presence of pleiotropy or heterogeneity was detected between them. MR Steiger supports the causal inference result and MVMR suggests its direct effect.

Conclusions
In European population older than 60 years, genetically predicted higher levels of resistin were associated with higher TB-BMD. A significant causality between resistin levels on BMD at different sites, fracture in certain parts of the body, and BMD in four different age groups between 0–60 years of age was not found in our study.
Implementing routine collection of EQ-5D-5L in a breast cancer outpatient clinic
Authors: Torres Sofia , Bayoumi Ahmed M. , Abrahao Ana B. K. , Trudeau Maureen , Pritchard Kathleen I. , Li Chun Nim , Mitsakakis Nicholas , Liu Geoffrey , Krahn Murray 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of implementing routine collection of the Euro-Qol 5 dimensions (EQ-5D) questionnaire, to inform drug and health technology reimbursement decision making.

Methods
Women with breast cancer were recruited during scheduled clinic visits to an academic cancer centre. EQ-5D-5L was self-administered using electronic tablets. Diagnostic and treatment data were abstracted from patient charts. Feasibility was assessed primarily by the proportion of patients who fully completed EQ-5D-5L and by their willingness to complete the instrument at each clinic visit.

Results
588 women were approached for study participation, 341 were enrolled. Fully completed EQ-5D-5L questionnaires were obtained in 323 participants (95% of participants, 95% CI 92–97%). Median time for EQ-5D-5L completion was 1.5 minutes (range:0.35 to 14.7). Mean age of participants was 58 years old. Most women who completed EQ-5D were White, born outside Canada and presented a high education level; one-quarter had metastatic disease. Most participants reported “No problems” in all EQ-5D-5L dimensions. Mean EQ-5D-5L index and mean EQ-5D-5L VAS values for all participants were respectively 0.83 (SD 0.13) and 75.7 (SD 17.45), with patients with metastatic disease scoring the lowest values. Seventy-eight percent of participants were willing to complete EQ-5D-5L at each clinic visit; lower Charlson comorbidity index and higher education level were predictors of willingness to continue to answer EQ-5D-5L.

Conclusions
Tablet-based collection of EQ-5D-5L in the context of routine clinical practice proved to be feasible. However, many patients declined study participation or reported being in full health, raising concerns about whether this method of collecting EQ-5D adequately represents the health status of all breast cancer patients.
Dietary practice and associated factors among elderly people in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022: Community based mixed design
Authors: Bayih Mulat Tirfie , Kassa Adane Ambaye , Demilew Yeshalem Mulugeta 
Published: August 2024

Background
The planet’s population is aging at an incredible speed. Poor dietary practices are a major problem among the elderly. However, literature is scarce on dietary practices among elders in the study area. Therefore, the results of this study may give information to decision-makers.

Objective
This study aimed to assess dietary practices and associated factors among elderly people in Northwest Ethiopia, in 2022.

Methods
A community-based mixed study design was employed among elderly people from May 20 to July 2, 2022. Systematic random sampling and purposive sampling techniques were used for selecting study participants in quantitative and qualitative studies, respectively. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire for the quantitative part and an interview guide for the qualitative part. Binary logistic regression analysis was used. A P-value less than or equal to 0.05 was used to declare statistically significant variables. A crude odds ratio and an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval were used to measure the strength of the association. Thematic analysis was used for qualitative data analysis.

Results
A total of 422 participants were recruited for the study. Twenty-six in-depth interviews were done. The prevalence of adequate dietary practice was only 54.5% [95% CI: (49.8, 59.2)]. It was significantly associated with being aged between 65 to 74 years (AOR: 8.32; 95 CI: 3.9, 18.1), being aged between 75 to 84 years (AOR: 2.90; 95% CI: 1.1, 7.9), eating sometimes alone (AOR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.03, 3.4), eating always with family members (AOR: 4.96; 95% CI: 2.6, 9.4), and food security (AOR: 3.13; 95% CI: 1.8, 5.4). Thematic analysis revealed three themes that interfere with the dietary practices of elders. A majority of in-depth interviewees mentioned that there were taboos and cultural beliefs which favor inadequate dietary practices of the elderly; the study participants reported that individual, economic, societal, and physiological factors are barriers affecting the dietary practices of the elderly, and all respondents have no experiences regarding elderly dietary practices.

Conclusion
The prevalence of adequate dietary practice was low. It was significantly associated with age, with whom feeding, and household food security status. Taboos and cultural beliefs, barriers, and experiences hampered the dietary practices of elders. Therefore, improving the dietary practices of elders focusing on advanced age, loneliness, food security, taboos, cultural beliefs, barriers, and experiences regarding dietary practices should be done.
Chorioamnionitis and respiratory outcomes in prematurely born children: a systematic review and meta analysis
Authors: Jeffreys Eleanor , Jenkinson Allan , Dassios Theodore , Greenough Anne 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between chorioamnionitis and respiratory outcomes of prematurely born children.

Content
Pubmed, Medline and Embase were searched for relevant studies. Studies were included if they assessed prematurely born children, who had been exposed to chorioamnionitis and had either lung function testing or assessment of wheeze or asthma following NICU discharge. Two reviewers independently screened the search results, applied inclusion criteria and assessed methodological quality. One reviewer extracted the data and these were checked by a second reviewer.

Summary
A total of 1,237 studies were identified, but only eight which included 35,000 infants, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. One study looked at both lung function results and wheeze or asthma in childhood. Four of five studies found an association between wheeze/asthma in childhood and exposure to chorioamnionitis: the overall Odds Ratio (OR) for developing wheeze/asthma in childhood was OR 1.71 (95 % CI: 1.55–1.89). Four studies looked at lung function in childhood, three of which showed no statistically significant association between chorioamnionitis exposure and altered lung function. One study found lower lung function in those exposed to chorioamnionitis and lower expiratory flows with increasing levels of chorioamnionitis (forced expiratory flow at 50 % of exhaled forced vital capacity (=FEF50) p=0.012, forced expiratory flow at 25–75 % of the forced vital capacity is exhaled (=FEF25–75) p=0.014).

Outlook
There was a significant association between chorioamnionitis and the development of wheeze or asthma in childhood, but overall not in impairment of lung function.
Analysis of two-grid method for second-order hyperbolic equation by expanded mixed finite element methods
Authors: Wang Keyan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this article, we present a scheme for solving two-dimensional hyperbolic equation using an expanded mixed finite element method. To solve the resulting nonlinear expanded mixed finite element system more efficiently, we propose a two-step two-grid algorithm. Numerical stability and error estimate are proved on both the coarse grid and fine grid. It is shown that the two-grid method can achieve asymptotically optimal approximation as long as the coarse grid size

H

H

and the fine grid size

h

h

satisfy

h
=
O

(

H

(

2
k
+
1

)

⁄

(

k
+
1

)

)

h={\mathcal{O}}\left({H}^{\left(2k+1)/\left(k+1)})

(

k
≥
1

k\ge 1

), where

k

k

is the degree of the approximating space for the primary variable. Numerical experiment is presented to demonstrate the accuracy and the efficiency of the proposed method.
Transformative learning and engagement with organic farming: Lessons learned from Indonesia
Authors: Widiyanti Emi , Irianto Heru , Riptanti Erlyna Wida 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe transformation process toward organic farming in Indonesia has been ongoing for 20 years, but progress has been slow. One of the reasons for the slow development of organic agriculture is the lack of attention given to the process of social change by the actors involved. This research aims to analyze the involvement of each actor in the transformation process toward organic farming. This research is a qualitative study that uses a constructivist–interpretive approach. The data were collected through in-depth interviews with 7 informants, through observations, and through focus group discussions with 30 participants, which included farmers (some of whom were members of farmer groups, members of organic farming communities, or heads of farmer groups), agricultural extension officers, and organic field school administrators. The data were examined via thematic analysis. The research results revealed social, cultural, and psychological barriers in the transformation process of the actors. Changes in spaces and forms of farmer learning and perspectives are the keys to the success of the transformation process toward organic farming. Farmers and actors involved in organic farming believe that technology adoption and the involvement of actors who synergize with each other through the support of dialogic processes and facilities to meet and share knowledge, experiences, and problems are the keys to the success of the transformation process. Social change is no longer top-down; it must be a dialogic process and a learning process from adult experience centering on a variety of relevant knowledge and feedback. Therefore, the actions that can be taken to encourage the acceleration of transformation toward organic farming include reforming organic farming institutions, establishing synergy with organic farming activist institutions, and providing access to information on organic farming development.
Review of potentiometric determination of cationic surfactants
Authors: Budetić Mateja , Jozanović Marija , Pukleš Iva , Samardžić Mirela 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Cationic surfactants (CSs) are surface-active compounds containing a positively charged polar group and at least one alkyl chain as a nonpolar group. Due to their structure, they tend to adsorb on negatively charged surfaces and interact with biopolyanions. It leads to their wide use as disinfectants, cleaning agents, fabric softeners, hair care products, emulsifiers, corrosion inhibitors, etc. Considering their extensive use and also their toxicity, fast, simple, and accurate CSs determination is crucial in industrial process control, product quality assurance, and environmental monitoring. Potentiometric sensors meet all these requirements, so they stand as the primary method for CSs determination. In this review, numerous potentiometric methods for CSs determination have been described, with a particular focus on methods published in the period from 2000 to 2024. Due to their simplicity and good analytical performance, solid-state electrodes are the most commonly used type of sensor for CSs determination.
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy in forensic analysis
Authors: Holman Aidan P. , Kurouski Dmitry 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a modern analytical technique that can be used to determine the structure and composition of analyzed specimens at the molecular level. This technique is also minimally invasive and destructive. This and other advantages of SERS against traditional techniques used in forensics make it the ideal method for the identification of bodily fluids, soil constituents, drugs and chemicals, and colorants on or in hair, fabric, and paints. In this article, we first introduce the reader to the fundamental physical properties of SERS. Next, we discuss the most recent findings that are focused on SERS-based analyses of physical evidence related to forensics research. Finally, we provide a critical overview of where the future of SERS should be in forensics science.
Heterogeneity, Jumps and Co-Movements in Transmission of Volatility Spillovers Among Cryptocurrencies
Authors: Gkillas Konstantinos , Tantoula Maria , Tzagarakis Manolis 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We analyze properties identified in the price volatility of Bitcoin and some of the leading cryptocurrencies namely Litecoin, Ripple, and Ethereum. We employ Heterogeneous Autoregressive models (HAR) in both a univariate and multivariate level of analysis. First, the significance of heterogeneity and jumps is examined, considering the ability of several univariate HAR models, to predict realized volatility of cryptocurrencies. Second, we examine the relevance of realized volatility jumps and covariances in the transmission of volatility spillovers among cryptocurrencies. We perform a comparative spillover analysis of the multivariate HAR models in two versions, considering variances only and covariances as well. Our results indicate that covariances and jumps inclusion lead to an increase in spillovers. The time-varying spillover analysis indicates higher dependency between Bitcoin and the other cryptocurrencies mostly at short frequencies.
Epigenetic regulation of thyroid hormone action in human metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis
Authors: Naujack Alison-Michelle , Krause Christin , Britsemmer Jan H , Taege Natalie , Mittag Jens , Kirchner Henriette 
Published: August 2024

Objective
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is characterized by inflammation, fibrosis, and accumulation of fatty acids in the liver. MASH disease progression has been associated with reduced thyroid hormone (TH) signaling in the liver, including reduced expression of deiodinase type I (DIO1) and TH receptor beta (THRB). However, the underlying mechanisms mediating these effects remain elusive. Here, we hypothesized that epigenetic mechanisms may be involved in modulating hepatic TH action.

Methods
Liver samples from patients with and without MASH were analyzed by qRT-PCR and correlated with clinical parameters. Luciferase reporter assays and overexpression of miRNA in HepG2 cells were used to validate the functional binding of miRNA to predicted targets. DNA methylation was analyzed by bisulfite pyrosequencing.

Results
miR-34a-5p was upregulated in MASH patients and correlated positively with the clinical parameters of MASH. Using in silico and in vitro analysis, we demonstrate that miR-34a-5p is capable of targeting several modulators of local hepatic TH action, as evidenced by the functional binding of miR-34a-5p to the seed sequence in the THRB and DIO1 genes. Consequently, overexpression of miR-34a-5p in HepG2 cells reduced the expression of THRA, THRB, DIO1, and SLC10A1, thus potentially mediating an acquired hepatic resistance to TH in MASH. As an additional regulatory mechanism, DNA methylation of THRB intron 1 was increased in MASH and negatively correlated with THRB expression.

Conclusion
miR-34a-5p constitutes a possible epigenetic master regulator of hepatic TH action, which together with THRB-specific DNA methylation could explain a possible developing TH resistance in the liver during MASH progression on the molecular level.
A scoping review regarding reproductive capacity modulation based on alpha-ketoglutarate supplementation
Authors: Doroftei Bogdan , Ilie Ovidiu-Dumitru , Timofeiov Sergiu , Dabuleanu Ana-Maria , Scripcariu Ioana-Sadyie , Micu Romeo , Tataranu Elena 
Published: August 2024

In brief
Alpha-ketoglutarate is a common metabolite in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and is central in modulating the reproductive potential in animal models. The present scoping review systematically covers the spectrum of a wide range of evidence from different viewpoints, focusing on the underlying processes and mechanisms of the developmental framework, aiming to fill the gaps within the existing literature.

Abstract
Alpha-ketoglutarate is an important intermediate molecule in the tricarboxylic acid cycle with a prominent role in distinct biological processes such as cellular energy metabolism, epigenetic regulation, and signaling pathways. We conducted a registered scoping review (OSF: osf.io/b8nyt) to explore the impact of exogenous supplementation on reproductive capabilities. Our strategy included evaluating the main research literature from different databases like PubMed-MEDLINE, Web of ScienceTM, Scopus, and Excerpta Medica dataBASE using a specific systematic layout to encompass all investigations based on experimental models and critically compare the results. Twenty-one studies were included in the main body of this manuscript, which revealed that exogenous supplementation induced dose- and sex-dependent modifications. This metabolite modulates the expression of pluripotency genes, thus controlling stem cells’ self-renewal, differentiation, and reprogramming dynamics, while also alleviating structural transformations induced by exposure to heavy metals and other inhibitors. This significantly demonstrated a direct influence of alpha-ketoglutarate in mitigating oxidative stress and prolonging the lifespan, consequently supporting metabolic and endocrine adjustments. It influences oocyte quality and quantity, delays reproductive aging, and establishes an optimal competence framework for development with minimal risk of failure. Therefore, alpha-ketoglutarate is linked to improving reproductive performance, but further studies are needed due to a lack of studies on humans.
La importancia de la detección del virus SARS-CoV-2 mediante la prueba de reacción de cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) en estudiantes de pregrado de ciencias de la salud
Authors: Chacon Vargas Katherine Lilibeth , Castillo Cuya Luz Aracely 
Published: August 2024

Sr. Editor,
Recientemente hemos leído con gran interés el artículo titulado “Seroprevalencia de la infección por el virus SARS-CoV-2 en estudiantes de pregrado de ciencias de la salud de una universidad pública” de Lucy López Reyes y col. donde mencionan la necesidad de implementar medidas de bioseguridad, educación, prevención y control antes del retorno a la presencialidad, para así proteger a la población de estudiantes, utilizando como parámetros de selección: detección de anticuerpo con prueba rápida (Kit Cellex Qsars-CoV-2 IgG/IgM Rapid Test) y test inmunoensayo cromatográfico de flujo lateral, el cual, según el resultado de la prueba serológica de anticuerpos contra el SARS-CoV-2, 67,1% de los que dieron positivo no tenían diagnóstico de COVID-19, 93,9% dieron positivo pero no tuvieron sintomas, y finalmente 40,2% no tuvieron contacto con algún sospechoso de COVID-19 pero salieron positivos (1). Sin embargo, los autores no consideraron realizar pruebas de PCR de rutina en los estudiantes; así, evidenciaron que el 34,58% de los estudiantes de medicina tuvieron resultado positivo, siendo la población con la más alta seropositividad. Otro estudio realizado en estudiantes de medicina de los tres primeros años, quienes asistieron a clases presenciales, a las cuales se les realizó un seguimiento con PCR, evidenció que solo un 6% presentó seropositividad al inicio de la presencialidad. Las pruebas rápidas son complementarias para descarte, pero no sustituyen la detección del material genético viral por RT-PCR (2).