bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of artificial neural network for adaptive speed control of PMSM drive with variable parameters
Authors: Pajchrowski Tomasz , Zawirski Krzysztof 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe aim of the research was to find out a method of adaptive speed control robust against variation of selected parameters of system like moment of inertia, time constant of torque control loop or torque coefficient of the motor.Design/methodology/approachThe main goal of the research was achieved due to application of artificial neural network (ANN), which was trained on line on the base of speed control error. The good results were gained by elaboration of enough fast and precise training algorithm and proper ANN structure.FindingsThe work shows a structure of artificial neural network (ANN), applied as adaptive speed controller, and presents an algorithm of ANN training. Some versions of this algorithm were analysed and verified by simulation and experimental tests.Research limitations/implicationsThe research should be continued to determine a final version of training algorithm and its influence on controller properties.Practical implicationsThe elaborated adaptive controller can be easily used by applying microprocessor system available now on the market. The proposed control solution is robust against parameters variation as well as their imprecise identification. The controller has ability of self‐tuning which can have great practical advantage.Social implicationsSocial implications are difficult to determine.Originality/valueThe paper presents a new solution of adaptive speed controller, which means a new ANN structure and new training algorithm.
Inverters operation in rigid and autonomous grid
Authors: Gołębiowski Lesław , Gołębiowski Marek , Mazur Damian 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to develop the method of optimal control of the three‐phase inverter system for autonomous and power grid operation. The presented method will also allow the cooperation of several inverters creating an autonomous network. This system should also be able to reduce demanded higher harmonics in power voltage according to the list of numbers of these harmonics. In this article the authors describe a system that is used to create a symmetrical three‐phase voltage. The supply power is taken from the renewal source. The inverter system as well as cooperation of several such systems to create an autonomous network is under consideration. The generated three‐phase voltage should be symmetrical even when the RL load is not symmetrical or else it changes in impulse. Cooperation of the system with the autonomous network is also under consideration. The task is to supply the set current of the basic harmonic to the power grid and possibly to reduce voltage higher harmonics on output terminals of the system.Design/methodology/approachThe method of optimal control for a quadratic objective function was applied.FindingsIn the autonomous system the presented method provides a symmetrical three‐phase voltage with an unknown unsymmetrical constant or pulsed load. When operating for a power grid the system provides the desired current related to the basic harmonic of the grid voltages. In both cases the demanded higher harmonics of the grid voltages are reduced.Originality/valueFilter of the main harmonic for the power grid voltage was applied. Applied numerical solutions and obtained simulations are also original.
Deterministic model of electric arc furnace – a closed form solution
Authors: Grabowski Dariusz , Walczak Janusz 
Published: July 2013

PurposeElectric arc furnaces are usually modelled using combined models which divide the phenomenon taking place in real objects into a deterministic and a stochastic or chaotic parts. The former is expressed by a nonlinear differential equation. The goal of this paper was to obtain a closed form of the solution to one of the most popular nonlinear differential equations used for the AC electric arc modelling.Design/methodology/approachThe solution has been obtained in the time domain by a sequence of transformations of the original nonlinear equation which lead to a linear equation, for which a closed form solution is known.FindingsThe paper provides a set of parameters for which the solution to the nonlinear differential equation describing electric arc can be obtained in a closed form.Research limitations/implicationsThere are still some parameter values for which the solution can be found only numerically. Moreover, due to the nature of the phenomena occurring in electric arc furnaces, in order to build a complete model of the arc the deterministic model must be extended using for example stochastic approach.Practical implicationsThe obtained results enable determination of exact waveforms of the arc voltage or radius without application of numerical algorithms for ODE solving. The arc model can be used to evaluate the impact of arc furnaces on power quality during the planning stage of new plants. The proposed approach facilitates calculation of the arc characteristic.Originality/valueThe importance of having a closed form of the solution instead of the numerical ones comes from new possible ways of extension of the arc model in order to cover the time‐varying nature of the arc waveforms. So far the equation has been solved only using numerical algorithms.
Librarians' attitudes towards mobile services
Authors: Aharony Noa 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore whether librarians are familiar with technological innovations and are ready to accept them. The objectives are: to what extent does the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) explain librarians' perceptions of mobile services (m‐services); and to what extent do differences in gender, age, workplace, role, and smart phone use explain librarians' perceptions of m‐services?Design/methodology/approachThe research was conducted in Israel during the first semester of the 2012 academic year. It encompassed three groups of Israeli librarians: academic, public, and special. Researchers used two questionnaires to gather data: a personal details questionnaire, and a mobile technology questionnaire.FindingsThis study supported the two core variables model (perceived ease of use and usefulness) of TAM that may predict librarians' behavioral intention to use m‐services in the library. However, it added two more components to the model: personal innovativeness and smart phone usage.Practical implicationsLibrary directors may try to implement more m‐services on their web sites. These services should be simple, attractive, and efficient. They should also try to expose librarians to the benefits and ease of use of m‐services.Originality/valueThe findings emphasize the importance of the TAM that may predict librarians' behavioral intention to use m‐services in the library and may lead to further research in this field.
E‐campaigning versus the Public Official Election Act in South Korea
Authors: Lee Yeon‐Ok , Woo Park Han 
Published: July 2013

PurposeSouth Korea imposes more stringent restrictions on political speeches during elections than many other democratic countries. The purpose of this paper is to examine the long‐standing conflict between citizens and institutions in the Korean electoral environment and the effects of the internet on this conflict.Design/methodology/approachThe paper provides a case study of the 2007 presidential election in Korea. During the campaign period, two video clips (one on YouTube and the other on Daum, a major domestic web portal) emerged and implicated the then‐leading candidate in a financial scandal. The paper investigates how these video clips were shared and discussed among Korean voters, even though the country's election laws restricted the sharing of such information in cyberspace. The paper employs a combination of network analysis techniques, including hyperlink analysis, interaction network analysis, and semantic network analysis.FindingsYouTube served as a medium for Korean voters to circumvent local electoral regulations, thus implying the neologism “cyber‐exile”. However, unlike Daum, YouTube failed to facilitate discussions on the posted video clip. The discussion through its comment feature was often derailed by irrelevant comments from seemingly uninterested parties. The address of the video clip was shared through personal blogs and online bulletin boards in Korean cyberspace, but these efforts led only to a fragmented sphere.Research limitations/implicationsAny comparison between YouTube and Daum should be made with caution because of inherent differences between the two platforms.Practical implicationsThe results have important practical implications for those interested in designing e‐deliberation environments. For example, they should have a clearer understanding of the composition of users and the undesirable consequences of a fragmented public sphere.Originality/valueThis paper highlights how pre‐internet institutions shape its members’ political activity on the internet. In addition, the results clearly demonstrate that an innovative effort to circumvent barriers on the part of internet users is not enough to harness the potential of online discussions for a measured and sustained discourse on the issue at hand.
Age, retirement and establishment closure
Authors: Kuhn Johan M. 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe paper aims to investigate the relationship between the age of employees and employers on the one hand and establishment closure probability on the other.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on large‐scale longitudinal Danish register data. Past employer and employee age distributions are used as predictors for future establishment closure probability by means of a discrete‐time hazard model.FindingsThe paper shows that the age of the employer and the age distribution of the employees are predictors of an establishment's future closure probability. This probability assumes a temporary maximum when employers or large shares of employees are reaching retirement age. Estimates suggest that a ten percent increase in the share of employees who will be of retirement age in the future increases future annual closure probability by approximately ten percent.Research limitations/implicationsIt is possible to interpret the finding of temporary maxima in the closure probabilities as the result of the retirement decisions of individuals. However, this interpretation of the results would have to rest on an identifying assumption. Also, findings are driven by small establishments, and should not be generalised to firms of medium size or above.Practical implicationsThe paper can be used to make predictions of future establishment closure rates.Social implicationsPolicies that reduce the costs of employee turnover and firm ownership changes might decrease closure rates.Originality/valueThis paper adds to our knowledge of the relationships between the age of individuals and firm performance. Also, it considers the role of retirement as a largely overlooked determinant of industry dynamics.
Education and skill mismatches: wage and job satisfaction consequences
Authors: Badillo‐Amador Lourdes , Vila Luis E. 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to highlight the relevance of examining education and skill job‐worker mismatches as two different, although simultaneous, phenomena of the labor market. Most previous literature does not take into account skill mismatch, and a number of papers deal with both kinds of mismatches as equivalent.Design/methodology/approachSpanish data from the European Community Household Panel (ECHP) survey for the year 2001 are used to examine the degree of statistical association between both education and skill mismatches, and to estimate wage equations as well as job satisfaction equations, considering satisfaction with pay, with the type of job and overall job satisfaction, in order to analyze the consequences of both types of mismatches from the workers’ viewpoint.FindingsThe statistical analysis shows that education and skill mismatches are weakly related in the Spanish labor market. The econometric analysis reveals that skill mismatches appear as key determinants of workers’ job satisfaction, while education mismatches have much weaker impacts, if any, on workers’ job satisfaction; however, both skill and education mismatches have negative impacts on wages.Practical implicationsThe analysis points out that the research strategy that considers education mismatch as a proxy for the study of the effects of skill mismatch is rather weak because skill and education mismatches appear to capture different aspects of the accuracy of the job‐worker pairing, and, therefore, they have separate consequences for workers, both in monetary and non‐monetary terms. Skill mismatches are perceived by workers as a much more relevant problem than education mismatches. The wage and job satisfaction consequences of skill mismatches are strongly negative; to the contrary, education mismatches show much weaker effects.Originality/valueThe paper emphasizes that neglecting the effects of skill mismatch along with those of education mismatch in the analysis of the monetary and non‐monetary consequences of inadequate job‐worker pairing can lead to erroneous interpretations of the facts.
Public‐private wage gaps and skill levels: evidence from French, British and Italian micro data
Authors: Ghinetti Paolo , Lucifora Claudio 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe authors aim to investigate public‐private pay determination using French, British and Italian micro data from the 2001 ECHP (European Community Household Panel) and estimate public/private wage differentials by country. By focussing on different countries, they exploit institutional differences to gain insights on the process of pay formation.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use regression techniques to compute the pay premium both at the average and at different education/skill levels. They then decompose the observed differences into a part due to characteristics and another part due to different returns between sectors, also at different quantiles of the wage distributions within skills.FindingsEven after controlling for observable characteristics, the authors find an overall positive wage differential for public sector workers in each of the three countries. As expected, the differential varies by skill. In general, the present findings do not fully support the view that the public (private) sector pays more (less) among the low skilled than the private (public) sector, and that the opposite is true for the highly skilled. The authors also document that the public pay premium varies as one moves up or down in the skill distribution.Practical implicationsOn the one hand, the authors’ results confirm that the public sector acts in general as a “fair employer”, compressing pay dispersion with respect to the private sector. On the other hand, the interactions of public and private labour market institutional arrangements play a crucial role in shaping the structure of relative wages across sectors. For example, when the monopsony power in wage bargaining is relevant in both sectors as, for example, in Britain, the private sector pays in absolute value proportionally less, and also the public wage premium is smaller.Originality/valueThis is the first attempt to use comparable data for three countries to analyse public/private wage differences by skill levels and to link the evidence with differences in public/private wage setting regimes.
Immigration and US native workers’ wages: differential responses by education
Authors: SrungBoonmee Tanyamat 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess how wages of US native workers with various educational backgrounds are affected by immigration.Design/methodology/approachThis paper estimates the responses of these workers’ wages to the concentration of immigrants with various educational backgrounds in their local labour markets, using 1980‐2000 US Census data and instrumental variables approach.FindingsWages of native high school dropouts fall slightly in the presence of immigrant high school dropouts and high school graduates; wages of native high school graduates fall slightly in the presence of immigrant high school graduates, but rise in the presence of immigrants with higher levels of education; wages of native workers with some college education fall slightly with larger concentrations of immigrant high school graduates but rise slightly with larger concentrations of immigrant college graduates; and there is no evidence that wages of native college graduates are affected by immigration.Originality/valueNo previous studies have considered these possibilities when assessing the impact of immigration on native workers’ wages.
Interdependence between best team members and their teammates
Authors: de la Torre‐Ruiz José M. , Aragón‐Correa J. Alberto 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how, within a team, the value of their best member depends critically on the performance of the rest. Analysis of the interdependent team members complements the traditional focus of resource‐based‐view analyses of isolated resources.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used data from 584 National Basketball Association teams (30 teams collected over 21 seasons).FindingsThe authors find a positive relationship between best member performance and team performance that increases as the rest of the team members’ performance improves.Practical implicationsHaving team members with a high individual performance does not imply that the team will have a competitive advantage over the rest. To gain this advantage, it is also necessary that the rest of the team members also show a high individual performance.Originality/valueThese results contribute to the team literature increasing our knowledge about the effect of complementary resources on gaining competitive advantage. Additionally, sports teams offer the possibility of using objective data to assess team members’ individual value within a team.
An exploration of supply chain integration in the retail product returns process
Authors: Bernon Michael , Upperton John , Bastl Marko , Cullen John 
Published: July 2013

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to empirically explore supply chain integration (SCI) enabling practices, their benefits and barriers in a retail product returns process context.Design/methodology/approach– The study adopts a case study research strategy. It draws on a single case, comprised of an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and its two retailers. It utilizes an in-depth semi structured interviewing approach, combined with walk-through observations.Findings– The study finds that management of retail product returns can significantly benefit both an OEM and its customers when appropriate SCI enabling practices are deployed. While these practices are similar to those in forward supply chain processes, barriers are driven by the characteristics of product returns processes.Research limitations/implications– The limitations of this study stem primarily from its methodological design. A single case research strategy provides a limited opportunity for external generalization of the research findings.Practical implications– This study illustrates the value of SCI initiatives in product returns processes and informs managers ' decision making in the planning and execution of similar SCI implementations in product returns processes.Originality/value– This research claims to be one of the first works that systematically and empirically explores SCI in reverse supply chain processes, as opposed to forward supply chain processes.
Interaction: a new focus for supply chain vs supply chain competition
Authors: Antai Imoh , Olson Hans 
Published: July 2013

Purpose– Although the supply chain (SC) competition concept has emerged during the past decade as the way firms will compete in future, there is scant academic research on actual mechanisms through which such competition can occur. The purpose of this paper is to proposes interaction as the means by which competition between supply chains may be undertaken.Design/methodology/approach– The paper investigates a Swedish logistics center via case study methodology to develop the idea of interaction for SC vs SC competition.Findings– Results suggest that interaction points along organizations ' supply chains may present enough breadth to assume a role in determining how SC vs SC competition may be played out in reality.Research limitations/implications– Interaction, as proposed here, implies an emphasis on all points at which supply chains meet to request goods and services, including various points where such supply chains converge, e.g. service providers, original equipment manufacturers, etc.Originality/value– Most studies dealing with competition between supply chains fall short of exploring the link between theory and corresponding practice of this evolving competition mode. Such a link is provided with the use of logistics centers.
Staffing an entrepreneurial team: diversity breeds success
Authors: Kakarika Maria 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to answer the following question: how should start‐ups be staffed and how should they manage issues of team diversity?Design/methodology/approachThe paper approaches diverse entrepreneurial teams in terms of three meaningful types, each with different assumptions, thus suggesting that their effects are complex.FindingsThe article concludes that entrepreneurs need to consider three key dimensions of diversity and form teams that are: moderate in diversity of opinions; high in diversity of expertise; and low in diversity of power.Originality/valueThe paper offers a set of practical recommendations to entrepreneurs, outlining how they can compose their teams and manage different dimensions of diversity; and to venture capitalists, suggesting how to assess team diversity as a critical factor in entrepreneurial teams.
Cloud computing: the nexus of strategy and technology
Authors: Ross Peter , Blumenstein Michael 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the impact of Cloud technologies on management practices and business strategies. It considers the role of human resource management (HRM) departments in supporting the organisational changes required for the introduction and integration of Cloud business strategies.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses a qualitative exploratory research approach. It utilises the resource view of the firm and transaction costs economics (TCE) to support the analysis. It synthesises the literature with the qualitative interview data.FindingsCloud business models require organisations to focus on the nexus of business strategies and information and communication technology (ICT) capabilities. HRM departments can play a positive role in this process by better integrating ICT sections into business decision‐making processes. Cloud technologies may further change ICT worker functions and roles.Research limitations/implicationsQualitative research approaches may limit the generality of the findings. However they allowed for an in‐depth analysis of complex Cloud related data that quantitative approaches may not have elicited.Practical implicationsThe paper outlines a strategic “holistic” approach for organisations shifting to Cloud‐based business models.Social implicationsThe paper examines the likely impacts of Cloud technologies on potential ICT worker redundancies.Originality/valueThe Cloud as the nexus of ICT and business and the potential role of HRM in facilitating shifts to Cloud business models have been under‐researched areas to date. The paper is therefore of value to ICT, HRM and business strategy focused academics and practitioners.