bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Two-Liquid Mixture Composition by Assessing Dielectric Parameters 1. Precise Measuring System / Divu Šķidrumu Maisījuma Sastāva Noteikšana, Izvērtējot to Dielektriskos Parametrus 1. Precīza Mērīšanas Sistēma
Authors: Vilitis O. , Shipkovs P. , Merkulovs D. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Concentration measurements are important in bioethanol industries, in the R&D areas, for chemical, medical and microbiological analyses and processing as well as for diagnostics, manufacturing, etc. The overview shows development of the structural design of a system for measuring the concentration of solutions and mixtures consisting of two dielectric liquids. The basic principles of the system's design are given along with relevant equations. The concentration of dielectric liquids is measured using devices with capacitive sensors (1-300 pF). The operational frequency of the developed measuring system is 100.000 kHz. Configuration of the system excludes some errors usually arising at measurements, and broadens its applicability. For testing, the system was calibrated for measuring the concentration of anhydrous ethanol + de-ionized water mixture. Experimental results have shown a stable resolution of ±0.005 pF at measuring the sensor capacitance and a reproducible resolution better than ±0.01% at measuring the ethanol volume concentration
Effect of two-stage thermal disintegration on particle size distribution in sewage sludge
Authors: Karczmarek Anna M. , Gaca Jerzy 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The effect of two-stage thermal disintegration of sewage sludge on the particle size distribution using laser diffraction method has been studied. The sludge was sampled from municipal sewage treatment plant after each stage of disintegration. The first stage of disintegration known as homogenization proceeds at temperature of 70-90°C and pressure of 3 bar, the second stage called thermal hydrolysis was performed at temperature of 160-170°C and pressure of 6 bar. It was found that the first stage of disintegration has the strongest impact on the reduction of the sludge particle size and changes in chemical properties. The maximum size of the particles from raw sewage before disintegration was 310 μm. After first stage of the process average size of the particles was 250 μm, and during the second stage it was reduced to 226 μm. Sludge disintegration degree (DDCOD) of 59% confirms high effectiveness of the process. We established that the redox potential (Eh) of sludge effluents was changed after each step of the studied process. Furthermore, chemical oxygen demand (COD) increases which leads to the conclusion that resizing of floccules is accompanied by hydrolysis.
Indications and practical application of strategies in the endovascular management of intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Zenteno Marco Antonio , Santos-Franco Jorge Arturo , Lee Ángel , Vinuela Fernando , Freitas Jose-Maria Modenesi , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The occlusion of intracranial aneurysms is more successful and stable by properly planning the approach and application of endovascular techniques. The next step is a relentless analysis of the different indications of endovascular treatment, tailoring a strategy suitable for the specific case, and making more rational choices for the management of aneurysms. Indications and strategies according to the analysis of the aneurysmal complex are given, as well as pros and cons of the endovascular technique according to different anatomical locations
Normal pressure hydrocephalus - active and passive pathogenic mechanisms
Authors: Iencean St.M. , Tascu Al. , Iencean A.St. , Poeata I. , Gorgan M.R. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is characterized by normal CSF pressure, less than 18 cm H2O, classical clinical triad: gait disturbance, dementia and incontinence in patients with communicating hydrocephalus on CT or MRI.
We analyzed retrospectively the NPH hospitalized patients in three neurosurgical departments between July 2007 and December 2012. Only the cases who met all diagnostic criteria were selected for this study. There were 47 selected cases of patients with NPH, including 24 patients with secondary NPH and 23 patients with idiopathic NPH. Ventriculo-peritoneal shunt was performed in all 24 patients with secondary NPH and at 11 patients with IdNPH. The short-term and long-term results were good and very good for cases of secondary NPH and good in 60% and poor in 40% in cases of IdNPH.
The MR imaging showed the absence of CSF passage through the ventricular wall and the ventricular wall in cases of IdNPH with poor results after shunting: ependyma and glia limitans interna represents a fluid - parenchymal barrier between the brain parenchyma and the ventricles as a glialependymal barrier.
We can consider that secondary NPH and some cases of idiopathic NPH with repeated small increases of ICP, with transependymal migration of CSF and hydrocephalus causing clinical triad because of the open glial-ependymal barrier, as an Active Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus and the shunt has good results. Other cases of IdNPH have not increases of intracranial pressure, no transependymal migration of CSF and there are periventricular deep lesions, without brain atrophy, causing clinical triad, as a passive hydrocephalus, it is a Passive Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.
Endovascular remodeling of tortuous cervical segments of the internal carotid artery that hinder the management of complex intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Zenteno Marco Antonio , Santos-Franco Jorge Arturo , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael , Lee Ángel 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Introduction: Severe tortuosity of the cervical segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA) may hamper the navigation of intravascular devices for the management of complex intracranial aneurysms and even conventional techniques of ICA access can fail. In a group of selected cases, we analyzed the efficacy and safety of carotid stenting to straighten the Severe tortuosity for direct navigation of the devices. Methods: A case series of 16 patients harboring 18 intracranial aneurysms with a difficult endovascular approach because of a cervical ICA with Severe tortuosity were prospectively recruited at our institution from January 2005 to December 2007. When traditional means of correction could not surmount this obstacle, an overlap stenting with a distal-to-proximal technique was used to overcome the Severe tortuosity. The efficacy of the procedure was defined as the ability to reach and be able to treat the target lesion with a smooth navigation of the endovascular devices. Safety was documented by procedure-related complications. Results: The straightening of the vessel by the stent helped to overcome pitfalls, making possible an obstacle-free navigation of the endovascular devices to the target lesion in all cases. In 5 cases with severe or double kinking, a distal transfer of the curve beyond the stent was observed, without impact on the efficacy of the procedure. One case of periprocedural related technical complication occurred with a permanent stroke. During the follow-up period (22.7 ± 8.4 months) no case of stent-related stroke or severe hyperplasia was observed. Conclusions: Carotid stenting is an available option when a cervical ICA with Severe tortuosity hampers a smooth catheterization of the intracranial circulation, in carefully selected cases. It allows a relatively safe and free navigation and/or deployment of additional endovascular devices needed for the treatment of complex intracranial aneurysms.
Ventriculoperitoneal shunt related meningioma: a case report
Authors: Cruz-Ortiz G.A. , Samano-Osuna A. , Jimenez-Jimenez M. , Alvis-Miranda H.R. , Lee A. , Moscote-Salazar L.R. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Meningiomas are the most common primary, non-glial tumours of the brain and spine, and represent the most common extra-axial lesions. The typical meningioma is a dural-based, markedly enhancing extraaxial mass; they exhibit cortical buckling with trapped cerebrospinal fluid clefts or cortical vessels. There are factors strongly associated with risk of developing meningioma, as in the case of exposure to ionizing radiation, or exogenous or endogenous hormones, as in this case, the presence of shunt material as a foreign body may have contributed to oncogenesis on the basis of a chronic inflammatory reaction. The aim of this report is to present the clinical case of a meningioma, which enveloped the proximal catheter of ventriculoperitoneal shunt valve
Erratum to Central European Journal of Biology, Volume 8, Issue 11
Authors: Li Li , Wu Huijuan , Qian Jialin , Li Mingzhen , Li Yue , Li Baoming 
Published: September 2013

AbstractPaper by Li Li Huijuan Wu, Jialin Qian, Mingzhen Li, Yue Li, Baoming Li et al. “Decreased Na+/K+ ATPase α1 (ATP1A1) gene expression in major depression patients’ peripheral blood” in Voulme 8, Issue 11, 1077-1082 / November 2013; DOI: 10.2478/s11535-013-0207-8 contains incorrect units in Figure 3. The correct Figure 3, together with its caption is presented below.
Semiconductor detectors and focal plane arrays for far-infrared imaging
Authors: Rogalski A. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe detection of far-infrared (far-IR) and sub-mm-wave radiation is resistant to the commonly employed techniques in the neighbouring microwave and IR frequency bands. In this wavelength detection range the use of solid state detectors has been hampered for the reasons of transit time of charge carriers being larger than the time of one oscillation period of radiation. Also the energy of radiation quanta is substantially smaller than the thermal energy at room temperature and even liquid nitrogen temperature. The realization of terahertz (THz) emitters and receivers is a challenge because the frequencies are too high for conventional electronics and the photon energies are too small for classical optics.Development of semiconductor focal plane arrays started in seventies last century and has revolutionized imaging systems in the next decades. This paper presents progress in far-IR and sub-mm-wave semiconductor detector technology of focal plane arrays during the past twenty years. Special attention is given on recent progress in the detector technologies for real-time uncooled THz focal plane arrays such as Schottky barrier arrays, field-effect transistor detectors, and microbolometers. Also cryogenically cooled silicon and germanium extrinsic photoconductor arrays, and semiconductor bolometer arrays are considered.
Effect of dural detachment on long-term tumor control for meningiomas treated using Simpson Grade IV resection
Authors: Fukushima Yuta , Oya Soichi , Nakatomi Hirofumi , Shibahara Junji , Hanakita Shunya , Tanaka Shota , Shin Masahiro , Kawai Kensuke , Fukayama Masashi , Saito Nobuhito 
Published: September 2013

Object
Meningiomas treated by subtotal or partial resection are associated with significantly shorter recurrence-free survival than those treated by gross-total resection. The Simpson grading system classifies incomplete resections into a single category, namely Simpson Grade IV, with wide variations in the volume and location of residual tumors, making it complicated to evaluate the achievement of surgical goals and predict the prognosis of these tumors. Authors of the present study investigated the factors related to necessity of retreatment and tried to identify any surgical nuances achievable with the aid of modern neurosurgical techniques for meningiomas treated using Simpson Grade IV resection.

Methods
This retrospective analysis included patients with WHO Grade I meningiomas treated using Simpson Grade IV resection as the initial therapy at the University of Tokyo Hospital between January 1995 and April 2010. Retreatment was defined as reresection or stereotactic radiosurgery due to postoperative tumor growth.

Results
A total of 38 patients were included in this study. Regrowth of residual tumor was observed in 22 patients with a mean follow-up period of 6.1 years. Retreatment was performed for 20 of these 22 tumors with regrowth. Risk factors related to significantly shorter retreatment-free survival were age younger than 50 years (p = 0.006), postresection tumor volume of 4 cm3 or more (p = 0.016), no dural detachment (p = 0.001), and skull base location (p = 0.016). Multivariate analysis revealed that no dural detachment (hazard ratio [HR] 6.42, 95% CI 1.41–45.0; p = 0.02) and skull base location (HR 11.6, 95% CI 2.18–218; p = 0.002) were independent risk factors for the necessity of early retreatment, whereas postresection tumor volume of 4 cm3 or more was not a statistically significant risk factor.

Conclusions
Compared with Simpson Grade I, II, and III resections, Simpson Grade IV resection includes highly heterogeneous tumors in terms of resection rate and location of the residual mass. Despite the difficulty in analyzing such diverse data, these results draw attention to the favorable effect of dural detachment (instead of maximizing the resection rate) on long-term tumor control. Surgical strategy with an emphasis on detaching the tumor from the affected dura might be another important option in resection of high-risk meningiomas not amenable to gross-total resection.
Le droit d'auteur et la Première Guerre mondiale : un exemple de coopération transnationale européenne
Authors: Löhr Isabella 
Published: September 2013

Les débats actuels concernant le droit de la propriété intellectuelle sont fortement marqués par l’influence d’organisations internationales telles que l’Organisation mondiale du commerce, l’Organisation mondiale de la propriété intellectuelle ou encore l’Union européenne. Les organisations internationales sont en fait des acteurs décisifs dans l’élaboration et l’application du droit de la propriété intellectuelle depuis la fin du XIX e siècle. La convention de Berne, qui fut signée en 1886 par les principaux États européens actifs dans le commerce des livres afin de réguler les échanges internationaux de bien culturels, en est le meilleur exemple. Il faut pourtant s’interroger sur le devenir d’une semblable organisation internationale, fondée sur des principes de coopération réciproque et pacifique entre les États et les acteurs de la société civile, lorsqu’un conflit – la Première Guerre mondiale – transforme les principaux États membres en belligérants. On montrera comment la convention de Berne a pu résister aux politiques commerciales contraignantes et à la propagande de guerre des États européens, grâce à l’émergence d’une coopération entre les éditeurs, les auteurs, les juristes et le Bureau de Berne, afin de passer outre le conflit. À partir de l’exemple de la convention de Berne, cet article avance l’idée que le commerce des livres en Europe s’est trouvé intégré dans des structures institutionnelles – tant sur le plan social que sur le plan politique et légal – qui faisaient écho à l’enchevêtrement transfrontalier de ce qu’on appelle « l’espace culturel européen », ce qui a permis de conserver les solidarités de l’internationalisme culturel d’avant-guerre.
Analyse critique du rôle accordé à l'interprétation du clivage dans la psychothérapie focalisée sur le transfert : contraste avec le traitement centré sur la mentalisation
Authors: Martel David , Lecours Serge 
Published: September 2013

Le trouble de personnalité borderline (TPB) est une affection particulièrement problématique, qui interfère sérieusement avec le fonctionnement individuel. La psychothérapie focalisée sur le transfert (PFT ; Clarkin, Yeomans et Kernberg, 2006) a démontré son efficacité thérapeutique pour le traitement du TPB. Cette approche stipule que l’interprétation du clivage dans le transfert est absolument nécessaire à l’atteinte de changements structuraux. Un autre modèle d’intervention psychodynamique, le traitement centré sur la mentalisation (TCM ; Bateman et Fonagy, 2004a, 2006) a généré des données qui permettent de remettre en question ce postulat fondamental. Cet essai offre une analyse des fondements théoriques et des principes d’intervention propres à la PFT et au TCM. Cet examen donne lieu à un arrimage conceptuel des deux modèles et à une réflexion critique concernant les mécanismes d’action supposés à l’œuvre dans le traitement des individus souffrant d’un TPB : dans ce cadre, le travail visant le rétablissement des capacités de mentalisation est proposé comme une voie alternative menant à la résolution du clivage et, par conséquent, à la modification de la structure de la personnalité.
Some Effects of Electrolyte Composition and Heat Treatment on the Aqueous Crevice Corrosion of Alloy 600 and Type 304 Stainless Steel at 288 C
Authors: TAYLOR DALE F. , SILVERMAN MICHAEL 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Crevice experiments with small bore Alloy 600 and Type 304 stainless steel tubing demonstrated that specific ion effects and heat treatments which change the microstructure of exposed surfaces, can counteract the charge transport/metal hydrolysis mechanism of crevice acidification. The results suggested that competition between the macroscopic electrochemical cell or “macrocell” mechanism, and direct reduction of water, hydrogen ions, or anions by the alloy, established the direction and extent of changes in pH. A simple uniform dissolution model correctly predicted the relationship among metal ion concentrations and the pH in a crevice when only macrocell corrosion occurred.
Frequency of gene hMLH1 promoter methylation in the stomach antral and body area tissue of chronic atrophic pangastritis patients
Authors: Kupčinskaitė-Noreikienė Rita , Jančiauskas Dainius , Juozaitytė Elona 
Published: September 2013

Aim. To compare hMLH1 methylation frequency in stomach antral and body area tissue in chronic atrophic pangastritis patients, and to evaluate possible correlation severity of chronic atrophic gastritis markers.
Methods. The study population consisted of 24 participants (with histologically confirmed chronic atrophic pangastritis), who underwent upper endoscopy. Biopsy specimens were taken from the gastric antral and body area. The methylation status of the gene hMlH1 was investigated.
Results. Methylation of the CpG island of gene hMLH1 was found in the antral stomach area group 9/24, compared with the body area 2/24. There was a significant difference in gene methylation frequencies in the observed stomach parts (Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.04). There was a significant association between gene hMLH1 methylation and the occurrence of severe atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and the presence of hyperplastic mucosal changes (Fisher’s exact test, p
Intensive fishing has not forced dietary change in the South American fur seal Arctophoca(=Arctocephalus)australis off Río de la Plata and adjoining areas
Authors: Vales Damián G. , Saporiti Fabiana , Cardona Luis , De Oliveira Larissa R. , Dos Santos Roberta A. , Secchi Eduardo R. , Aguilar Alex , Crespo Enrique A. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTSouth American fur seals (Arctophoca australis) inhabiting the Río de la Plata plume and adjoining areas are known to forage upon a wide range of prey (i.e. pelagic, demersal and benthic species).Since the 1960s, trawlers have operated in the area, targeting primarily demersal and benthic species. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios from 54 adult male fur seals dead stranded along the coast of southern Brazil from 1994 to 2011 were analysed to investigate whether the intensification of fishing in Río de la Plata and adjoining areas since the mid‐1990s has reduced the availability of benthic and demersal prey to the growing population of South American fur seals.No significant correlation between δ13C or δ15N values and stranding year was found, thus revealing that fur seals maintained a steady diet over 17 years.Reconstruction of the isotopic landscape of the study area using potential prey of fur seals showed a spatial segregation, with prey from southern Brazil typically enriched in 13C and depleted in 15N compared with those from northern Argentina. Most adult male fur seals relied mainly on small pelagic fishes and squid captured on the continental shelf, whereas medium pelagic and demersal–benthic prey played a minor role in the diet.It is concluded that South American fur seals rely on pelagic resources (i.e. small pelagic fish and squid) more strongly than previously thought and that their diet does not reflect the varying abundance of demersal–benthic resources in the area.As long as small pelagic fish remain under‐exploited in the area, competition between fisheries and fur seals is not expected. However, it is difficult to foresee how changes in the structure and dynamics of the ecosystem caused by fisheries may affect South American fur seal conservation in the long term. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Birefringence of Compensated Cholesteric Liquid Crystals
Authors: Müller W. U. , Stegemeyer H. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe temperature dependence of refractive indices of three compensated cholesteric mixtures has been measured using a commercial Abbe‐refractometer. At compensation temperature Tn a homeotropic nematic texture was achieved indicated by exchange of ordinary and extraordinary ray and strong increase of birefringence. A comparison is given between nematic and cholesteric birefringence yielding good agreement with the de Vries model of cholesteric structure.
The Effects of Hydrogen and Other Interstitials on the Low Temperature Relaxation of Deformed Vanadium
Authors: Chang H. Y. , Wert C. A. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThis investigation reports three damping peaks in V caused by dislocation motion constrained by several types of atmospheres. Deformed wires of pure V showed a well‐known damping peak called the α‐peak. This peak is presumed to be caused by depinning of dislocations by an oscillatory stress. Increases in immobile oxygen or nitrogen atoms gradually suppress the peak. Hydrogen, which forms a mobile atmosphere, produces two additional peaks of the Snoek‐Köster type. These latter peaks can result from either externally imposed deformation or from internal deformation produced by misfit of precipitated hydrides.
Magnetic Susceptibility and Equilibrium Diagram of PdHn
Authors: Frieske H. , Wicke E. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe limits nαmax and nβmin of the two‐phase region of PdHn can only roughly be estimated from the shape of the equilibrium isotherms pH2(n). Other methods applied so far do not yield more accurate results. More precise values can be obtained, however, from measurements of the magnetic susceptibility x as a function of the hydrogen content n at various temperatures.Such x(n) isotherms have been measured at temperatures between 20 and 300°C and H2 pressures up to 140 atm (0 · n · 0.8), using samples of Pd wire (1 mm) and Pd foil (33 μm). In the homogeneity range isotherms for adsorption and desorption were identical, in the two‐phase region, however, hysteresis was always observed. Here the desorption curve was taken as the equilibrium isotherm, and was applied to determine the values of nαmax and nβmin by extrapolation.Measurements on Pd black in the same region of pressure and temperature showed a number of peculiarities, for instance smaller values of susceptibility and smaller hysteresis loops as compared with bulk Pd. These can be attributed to the large specific surface area of Pd black as well as to its strongly distorted lattice structure.By means of the measurements on bulk Pd the position of the critical point of the palladium‐hydrogen system could be redetermined with rather high precision: Tc = 291 ± 2°C; nc = 0.250 ± 0.005 mol H/mol Pd; Pc = 19.7 ± 0.2 atm H2.The measurements on Pd‐black yielded within the limits of error the same values for the critical temperature and the critical pressure, whereas the value of the H/Pd ratio, properly corrected, was found to be a bit higher, namely nc = 0.260 ± 0.005.