bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis in clinical remission have evidence of persistent inflammation on 3T magnetic resonance imaging?
Authors: Brown Amanda , Hirsch Raphael , Laor Tal , Hannon Michael J. , Levesque Marc C. , Starz Terence , Francis Kimberly , Kwoh C. Kent 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveUp to 90% of adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in clinical remission have persistent synovitis and/or bone marrow lesions (BMLs) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI findings in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in clinical remission have not been described. We utilized 3T MRI with contrast enhancement to examine JIA patients with hand and/or wrist involvement who were in clinical remission and compared them with a cohort of adult RA patients.MethodsIn total, 11 JIA patients and 10 RA patients with arthritis involving the hands and/or wrists were identified by their primary rheumatologist as being in physician‐defined clinical remission, having no signs or symptoms of active arthritis and no medication changes for at least 6 months. A study rheumatologist performed a joint evaluation for tenderness, swelling, and limitation of motion, and study participants self‐reported tender joint counts. The participants underwent MRI with intravenous contrast enhancement of 1 hand and wrist with a history of prior symptoms. A pediatric musculoskeletal radiologist blinded to the clinical data scored the MRIs for synovitis, tenosynovitis, and/or BMLs.ResultsSixty‐three percent of the JIA cohort and 70% of the RA cohort had MRI findings of synovitis, BMLs, and/or tenosynovitis. All pediatric patients with MRI abnormalities had normal physician tender and swollen joint counts. The patients' self‐report of painful joint counts did not predict MRI abnormalities.ConclusionOver one‐half of the patients in clinical remission had MRI evidence of persistent inflammation, defined as the presence of synovitis, tenosynovitis, or BMLs. A substantial portion of patients with JIA may have subclinical disease despite clinical remission.
Association of systemic lupus erythematosus with angiographically defined coronary artery disease: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kaul Mala S. , Rao Sunil V. , Shaw Linda K. , Honeycutt Emily , Ardoin Stacy P. , St.Clair E. William 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo determine if systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with a higher prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in select patients undergoing coronary angiography. We compared the extent of angiographic abnormalities, CAD risk factors, and all‐cause mortality in SLE patients with non‐SLE controls.MethodsWe identified SLE patients (n = 86) and controls matched by sex and year of cardiac catheterization (n = 258) undergoing cardiac catheterization for the evaluation of CAD (median followup duration of 4.3 years). Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine if SLE was associated with obstructive CAD, defined as ≥70% stenosis in a major epicardial coronary artery. Risk‐adjusted survival differences between the 2 groups were assessed using Cox proportional hazards modeling.ResultsThe SLE patients (85% women) were younger than the non‐SLE patients (median age 49 years versus 70 years; P < 0.001) and were less likely to have diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia, but had similar rates of hypertension (70% versus 71%; P = 0.892). In unadjusted analyses, SLE and non‐SLE patients had similar rates of obstructive CAD by angiography (52% versus 62%; overall P = 0.11). After adjustment for known CAD risk factors, SLE was associated with a significantly increased likelihood of CAD (odds ratio 2.24 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.08–4.67]). SLE was also associated with a nonsignificant increase in all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio 1.683 [95% CI 0.98–2.89], P = 0.060).ConclusionIn this selected population, SLE was significantly associated with the presence of CAD as defined by coronary angiography, the gold standard for assessing flow‐limiting lesions in this disease. The patients with SLE showed a similar severity of CAD as the controls despite having less than half the rate of diabetes mellitus and being 20 years younger.
Predictors of pain and functioning over time in fibromyalgia syndrome: An autoregressive path analysis
Authors: Van Liew Charles , Brown Kimberly C. , Cronan Terry A. , Bigatti Silvia M. , Kothari Dhwani J. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveFibromyalgia is a disabling, chronic pain condition of unknown etiology. Although many factors have been recognized as important contributors to the pain experiences and functional abilities of fibromyalgia patients, the factors that are most impactful (and therefore represent optimal targets for intervention) are still unclear. The aim of the present study was to examine the pathways among depression, self‐efficacy, pain, and physical functioning in a large sample of fibromyalgia patients over a 1‐year timeframe.MethodsData from 462 participants (441 women) were analyzed using an autoregressive path analytical model with first‐ and second‐order cross‐lagged effects.ResultsSelf‐efficacy was the only significant predictor of depression, physical functioning, and pain intensity ratings across time. Physical functioning at 6 months predicted self‐efficacy at 1 year; no other factors related significantly to self‐efficacy in the model.ConclusionOur model suggests that self‐efficacy is a salient factor in fibromyalgia symptomatology. Our findings support designing interventions that use a multimodal approach, with an explicit focus on combining exercise (or other means) to improve physical functioning and psychotherapy (e.g., cognitive–behavioral therapy) with the intention of reprocessing the functional improvements and the implications of these improvements for the patients' ability to manage their fibromyalgia symptoms. By doing so, self‐efficacy should be enhanced, and this would produce the greatest and broadest benefits for fibromyalgia patients.
Soluble CD90 as a potential marker of pulmonary involvement in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Kollert Florian , Christoph Sophie , Probst Corina , Budweiser Stephan , Bannert Bettina , Binder Moritz , Sehnert Bettina , Voll Reinhard E. , Warnatz Klaus , Zissel Gernot , Walker Ulrich A. , Prasse Antje , Saalbach Anja 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveVascular injury and endothelial cell (EC) activation are pathogenic hallmarks of systemic sclerosis (SSc; scleroderma). Human CD90 is highly expressed on activated ECs and can be shed from the cell surface. This study was conducted to examine whether soluble CD90 (sCD90) is elevated in the sera of patients with SSc and linked to pulmonary involvement and in particular, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).MethodssCD90 serum concentrations were assessed in 76 patients with SSc and related to clinical data, lung function, 6‐minute walk distance, echocardiography, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and laboratory parameters. Thirty‐one healthy volunteers and 29 patients with idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF) served as controls.ResultssCD90 serum concentrations were elevated in patients with SSc compared to healthy volunteers (P = 0.001) and patients with IRF (P = 0.01). SSc patients with pulmonary fibrosis (P = 0.006) and patients with PAH (P < 0.001) had increased sCD90 serum concentrations compared to patients without the respective pulmonary manifestation of SSc. sCD90 levels correlated with diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (n = 65; r = −0.348, P = 0.005) and systolic pulmonary artery pressure (n = 53; r = 0.469, P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve testing determined an optimal cutoff value of ≥626 ng/ml with a sensitivity of 68% and a specificity of 83% for PAH (area under the curve 0.773, 95% confidence interval 0.648–0.898; P < 0.001).ConclusionsCD90 concentrations were increased in the sera of SSc patients, particularly in patients with vascular involvement of the lungs. These data suggest that sCD90 should be further evaluated as a marker for diagnosis of PAH in SSc.
Is symptomatic knee osteoarthritis a risk factor for a trajectory of fast decline in gait speed? Results from a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: White Daniel K. , Niu Jingbo , Zhang Yuqing 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveGait speed is an important marker of health in adults and slows with aging. While knee osteoarthritis (OA) can result in difficulty walking, it is not known if radiographic knee OA (ROA) and/or knee pain are associated with a fast decline trajectory of gait speed over time.MethodsGait speed trajectories were constructed using a multinomial modeling strategy from repeated 20‐meter walk tests measured annually over 4 years among participants from the Osteoarthritis Initiative, a prospective cohort study of adults ages 45–79 years at baseline with or at high risk of knee OA. We grouped participants into 4 knee OA categories (having neither ROA nor knee pain, ROA only, knee pain only, or symptomatic knee OA [ROA and pain]) and examined their association with trajectories of gait speed using a multivariable polytomous regression model adjusting for age and other potential confounders.ResultsOf the 4,179 participants (mean ± SD age 61.1 ± 9.1 years, 57.6% women, mean ± SD body mass index 28.5 ± 4.8 kg/m2), 5% (n = 205) were in a fast decline trajectory, slowing at a rate of 2.75%/year. People with symptomatic knee OA had an almost 9‐fold risk (odds ratio 8.9; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 3.1, 25.5) of being in a fast decline trajectory compared with those with neither pain nor ROA. Participants with knee pain had 4.5 times the odds of a fast decline (95% CI 1.4, 14.6), and those with ROA only had a slight but non–statistically significant increased risk.ConclusionPeople with symptomatic knee OA have the highest risk of a fast decline trajectory of gait speed compared with people with ROA or pain alone.
Neuromuscular fatigue and exercise capacity in fibromyalgia syndrome
Authors: Bachasson Damien , Guinot Michel , Wuyam Bernard , Favre‐Juvin Anne , Millet Guillaume Y. , Levy Patrick , Verges Samuel 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo assess quadriceps strength and fatigability by using femoral nerve magnetic stimulation (FNMS) and their relationship to exercise capacity in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and healthy controls.MethodsTwenty‐two women (11 with FMS, 11 controls) performed a maximal incremental cycling test and a quadriceps fatigue test on 2 separate visits. For quadriceps assessment, we used FNMS during and after maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) to evaluate central and peripheral factors of neuromuscular fatigue. Subjects performed sets of 10 intermittent (5 seconds on/5 seconds off) isometric contractions starting at 10% MVC, in 10% MVC increments from one set to another until exhaustion. Neuromuscular fatigue was assessed with FNMS after each set.ResultsFMS patients had reduced initial MVC compared to controls (mean ± SD 102 ± 18 versus 120 ± 24 Nm; P < 0.05) without significant impairment of voluntary activation (mean ± SD 93.5% ± 3.0% versus 93.1% ± 3.4%; P = 0.74). During the fatigue task, FMS patients exhibited a greater fall in evoked muscular responses (mean ± SD −26% ± 6% versus −16% ± 8% at set 50% MVC; P < 0.05), but not in MVC (mean ± SD −24% ± 7% versus −19% ± 4% at set 50% MVC; P = 0.12). During the cycling test, FMS patients had lowered maximal exercise capacity and an enhanced rate of perceived exertion (RPE) compared to controls. The percent reduction in evoked muscular responses during the quadriceps fatigue test correlated with maximum oxygen consumption (r = 0.56, P < 0.05) and RPE at submaximal intensity (r = 0.84, P < 0.05) during cycling.ConclusionGreater impairment in muscle contractility is associated with enhanced perception of exertion and reduced maximal exercise capacity in FMS patients. Neuromuscular impairments should be considered as an important factor underlying functional limitations in FMS patients.
Reactive Aramid Nanostructures as High‐Performance Polymeric Building Blocks for Advanced Composites
Authors: Cao Keqin , Siepermann Carlos Pons , Yang Ming , Waas Anthony M. , Kotov Nicholas A. , Thouless M. D. , Arruda Ellen M. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractTraditionally, the field of advanced nanocomposites has relied on a fairly limited set of building blocks; many with low reactivity and of limited variability. These limitations have been addressed by the creation of functionalized nanometer‐scale aramid structures, in the form of nanofibers and nanosheets. These were obtained by deprotonating macroscale, commercial Kevlar yarns using potassium hydroxide in dimethyl sulfoxide to yield stable dispersions of nanometer‐scale aramid fibers that were then hydrolyzed using phosphoric acid (PA). To illustrate the use of these functionally‐active nanostructures as building blocks for nanocomposites, they were crosslinked by glutaraldehyde (GA), and formed into macroscopic thin films by vacuum‐assisted filtration. It was shown that the mechanical properties of these PA/GA treated films can be tuned by varying the amounts of PA and GA used during synthesis, adjusting the relative amounts of hydrolysis and polymerization. These results are the first demonstration that aramid nanometer‐scale fibers can be used to form versatile nanometer‐sized building blocks that can then be crosslinked to fabricate a wide variety of nanostructured aramid materials with tailorable properties.
Phelan–McDermid syndrome: Clinical report of a 70‐year‐old woman
Authors: Verhoeven Willem M.A. , Egger Jos I.M. , Cohen‐Snuijf Ruthy , Kant Sarina G. , de Leeuw Nicole 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPhelan–McDermid or 22q13.3 deletion syndrome is characterized by global intellectual disability, childhood hypotonia, severely delayed or absent speech, features of autism spectrum disorder, without any major dysmorphisms or somatic anomalies. It is typically diagnosed before adolescence and data about adult patients are virtually absent. The expression of its phenotypical characteristics appears to be linearly related to the deletion size. Here, an intellectually disabled geriatric female patient is described with a long history of challenging behaviors in whom Phelan–McDermid syndrome was demonstrated. Detailed analysis of the patient's history and functioning resulted in a psychiatric diagnosis of atypical bipolar disorder and her behavior significantly improved upon maintenance treatment with a mood stabilizing agent. The present article confirms recent findings that atypical bipolar disorder may be part of the psychopathological phenotype of Phelan–McDermid syndrome, reason why careful etiological search is warranted, also in the geriatric population. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Medical complications, clinical findings, and educational outcomes in adults with Noonan syndrome
Authors: Smpokou Patroula , Tworog‐Dube Erica , Kucherlapati Raju S. , Roberts Amy E. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractNoonan syndrome (NS) is a heterogeneous developmental disorder caused by missense mutations in genes involved in the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway, a major mediator of early and late developmental processes. The diagnosis of NS is made on clinical grounds with molecular confirmation of a mutation found in 63% of cases. Key clinical features include short stature, cardiac defects, developmental delay, lymphatic dysplasias, bleeding tendency, and a constellation of distinctive facial features and physical exam findings. The prevalence of medical issues or the development of new ones in adults with NS is not well‐studied. This cross‐sectional study reports on the prevalence of clinical conditions and their ages of onset in a cohort of 35 adolescents and adults with NS aged 16–68 years old (mean age 28 years). In this cohort, 34 of 35 subjects (97%) had had full PTPN11 sequencing; 37% were PTPN11 positive, 23% were SOS1 positive, and 3% were BRAF positive. Mean adult height in both men and women was at the 3rd–10th centile. The most prevalent clinical findings in this cohort included pulmonary valve stenosis (71%), easy bruising (63%), GERD (60%), constipation (51%), scoliosis (54%), chronic joint pain (54%), lymphedema (49%), depression (49%), anxiety (49%), Chiari malformation (20%), and osteopenia/osteoporosis (14%). In summary, adults with NS are affected by multi‐organ morbidity and require special medical management aimed towards the most prevalent and serious known medical complications. Larger studies characterizing the clinical conditions found in NS adults are needed to provide potential genotype–phenotype correlations that may aid in clinical management. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Single‐blind randomized controlled trial of surfactant vs hypertonic saline irrigation following endoscopic endonasal surgery
Authors: Farag Alexander A. , Deal Allison M. , McKinney Kibwei A. , Thorp Brian D. , Senior Brent A. , Ebert Charles S. , Zanation Adam M. 
Published: November 2012

BackgroundRecent discussion has revolved around formulations of irrigation in the postoperative functional endoscopic sinus surgery patient, specifically the efficacy of emulsion based nasal irrigations.MethodsForty adult candidates for endoscopic endonasal surgery with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) were prospectively randomized. The 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) and 31‐item Rhinosinusitis Outcome Measure (RSOM‐31) quality of life assessments, as well as a phenyl ethyl alcohol (PEA) smell threshold test were obtained preoperatively and over 3 postoperative visits in a 4‐month period. Repeated measures analyses and Fisher's exact tests were used to assess statistical differences.ResultsOf the 40 patients enrolled, 33, 32, and 26 patients were seen at postoperative visits 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The surfactant (S) and hypertonic saline (HS) irrigation groups both showed significant decreases in scores for both the SNOT‐22 and RSOM‐31 over time (both p < 0.0001), but no difference was seen between the 2 groups (p = 0.09, p = 0.5). PEA thresholds showed overall improvement in both groups 3 to 4 months after surgery: 62% (8/13) of HS patients and 50% (6/12) of S patients, but did not differ between the groups (p = 0.3). The S group reported significantly more side effects (52% vs 6%, p = 0.002) and had more patients stop the solution (20% vs 0%) and fewer S patients finished the study compared to the HS group.ConclusionThere were no significant differences in overall subjective symptoms related to sinonasal disease between S and HS irrigation, but tolerability appeared to be an issue. More patients reported side effects with S irrigation, and 20% receiving S irrigation stopped the solution, compared to none receiving HS irrigation.
Enhanced CO2 Adsorption over Polymeric Amines Supported on Heteroatom‐Incorporated SBA‐15 Silica: Impact of Heteroatom Type and Loading on Sorbent Structure and Adsorption Performance
Authors: Kuwahara Yasutaka , Kang Dun‐Yen , Copeland John R. , Bollini Praveen , Sievers Carsten , Kamegawa Takashi , Yamashita Hiromi , Jones Christopher W. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractSilica supported amine materials are promising compositions that can be used to effectively remove CO2 from large stationary sources, such as flue gas generated from coal‐fired power plants (ca. 10 % CO2) and potentially from ambient air (ca. 400 ppm CO2). The CO2 adsorption characteristics of prototypical poly(ethyleneimine)–silica composite adsorbents can be significantly enhanced by altering the acid/base properties of the silica support by heteroatom incorporation into the silica matrix. In this study, an array of poly(ethyleneimine)‐impregnated mesoporous silica SBA‐15 materials containing heteroatoms (Al, Ti, Zr, and Ce) in their silica matrices are prepared and examined in adsorption experiments under conditions simulating flue gas (10 % CO2 in Ar) and ambient air (400 ppm CO2 in Ar) to assess the effects of heteroatom incorporation on the CO2 adsorption properties. The structure of the composite adsorbents, including local information concerning the state of the incorporated heteroatoms and the overall surface properties of the silicate supports, are investigated in detail to draw a relationship between the adsorbent structure and CO2 adsorption/desorption performance. The CO2 adsorption/desorption kinetics are assessed by thermogravimetric analysis and in situ FT‐IR measurements. These combined results, coupled with data on adsorbent regenerability, demonstrate a stabilizing effect of the heteroatoms on the poly(ethyleneimine), enhancing adsorbent capacity, adsorption kinetics, regenerability, and stability of the supported aminopolymers over continued cycling. It is suggested that the CO2 adsorption performance of silica–aminopolymer composites may be further enhanced in the future by more precisely tuning the acid/base properties of the support.
The role of resting frontal EEG asymmetry in psychopathology: Afferent or efferent filter?
Authors: Gatzke‐Kopp Lisa M. , Jetha Michelle K. , Segalowitz Sidney J. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractResting EEG asymmetry evident early in life is thought to bias affective behaviors and contribute to the development of psychopathology. However, it remains unclear at what stage of information processing this bias occurs. Asymmetry may serve as an afferent filter, modulating emotional reactivity to incoming stimuli; or as an efferent filter, modulating behavioral response tendencies under emotional conditions. This study examines 209 kindergarten children (M = 6.03 years old) to test predictions put forth by the two models. Resting asymmetry was examined in conjunction with electrodermal and cardiac measures of physiological reactivity to four emotion‐inducing film clips (fear, sad, happy, anger) and teacher ratings of psychopathology. Results confirm an association between increased right side cortical activation and internalizing symptom severity as well as left activation and externalizing symptom severity. Significant interactions between resting asymmetry and physiological reactivity to emotion indicate that physiological reactivity moderates the association between resting asymmetry and symptoms of psychopathology. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 73–85, 2014.
Evolution of reproductive isolation as a by‐product of divergent life‐history evolution in laboratory populations of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: M. Ghosh Shampa , Joshi Amitabh 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe show that two complementary asymmetric isolating mechanisms, likely mediated by divergence in body size, underlie the evolution of incipient reproductive isolation between a set of Drosophila melanogaster populations selected for rapid development and their ancestral controls. Selection has led to great reduction in body size in the fast developing lines. Small males belonging to fast developing lines obtain few matings with large control females, both in presence and absence of large control line males, giving rise to unidirectional, premating isolation caused by sexual selection. Conversely, small selected line females suffer greatly increased mortality following mating with large control males, causing unidirectional postcopulatory prezygotic isolation. We discuss preliminary evidence for evolution of reduced male harm caused to females upon mating in the fast developing lines, and speculate that the females from these lines have coevolved reduced resistance to male harm such that they can no longer resist the harm caused by males from control lines. This potentially implicates differing levels of sexual conflict in creating reproductive barrier between the selected line females and the control males. We also show that a large difference in development time is not sufficient to cause postzygotic incompatibilities in the two sets of populations reaffirming the belief that prezygotic isolation can evolve much earlier than postzygotic isolation.