bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suffering as an independent component of the experience of pain
Authors: Bustan S. , Gonzalez‐Roldan A.M. , Kamping S. , Brunner M. , Löffler M. , Flor H. , Anton F. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundPain has consistently been viewed as containing two dimensions, a sensory (intensity) and an emotional (unpleasantness). It has been suggested that pain involves higher order cognitive processes that go beyond unpleasantness. We therefore aimed at extending the assessment of pain by introducing an additional dimension of pain‐related suffering and identifying noxious stimulation protocols that are most adequate for its psychophysical and psychophysiological characterization.MethodsTwenty‐four healthy volunteers received separate series of tonic and phasic noxious mechanical stimuli. Visual analogue scales were used to rate intensity, unpleasantness and suffering and psychophysiological measurements such as heart rate, skin conductance and corrugator electromyography were recorded. Acoustically evoked startle responses were measured in part of the assessments to obtain additional indicators of pain aversiveness.ResultsSpearman's correlation coefficients and partial correlations analyses as well as principal component analyses confirmed that suffering constitutes an integral component of pain processing that is distinct from intensity and unpleasantness. Tonic, rather than phasic, stimulation method was more effective in eliciting pain and suffering and under this condition startle responses where higher during long compared to short stimuli.ConclusionsThese results suggest that in acute pain, suffering is a constitutive dimension that might even be more crucial in clinical states of pain.
Schizotypal, Dissociative, and Imaginative Processes in a Clinical OCD Sample
Authors: Paradisis Stella‐Marie , Aardema Frederick , Wu Kevin D. 
Published: April 2015

ObjectivePrevious research in a nonclinical sample has suggested that schizotypal, dissociative, and imaginative processes may play a role in obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms (Aardema & Wu, ). The present study aims to extend these findings in a clinical sample.MethodN = 75 adults (mean age = 37.99; 61.3% female), meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision, diagnostic criteria for OCD completed a battery of self‐report questionnaires measuring schizotypal, dissociative, and imaginative processes.ResultsHierarchical regression analyses revealed inferential confusion and dissociation to be the strongest predictors of OCD symptoms, replicating and extending the findings by Aardema and Wu ().ConclusionResults support the notion that inferential confusion and dissociation are important variables to consider in understanding symptoms of OCD independently from obsessive beliefs and negative mood states.
Intraoperative acupuncture for posttonsillectomy pain: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Tsao Gabriel J. , Messner Anna H. , Seybold Jeannie , Sayyid Zahra N. , Cheng Alan G. , Golianu Brenda 
Published: April 2015

Objectives/HypothesisTo evaluate the effect of intraoperative acupuncture on posttonsillectomy pain in the pediatric population.Study DesignProspective, double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial.MethodsPatients aged 3 to 12 years undergoing tonsillectomy were recruited at a tertiary children's hospital between February 2011 and May 2012. Participants were block‐randomized to receive acupuncture or sham acupuncture during anesthesia for tonsillectomy. Surgeons, staff, and parents were blinded from treatment. Tonsillectomy was performed by one of two surgeons using a standard technique (monopolar cautery), and a single anesthetic protocol was followed. Study endpoints included time spent in the postanesthesia care unit, the amount of opioids administered in the perioperative period, and pain measures and presence of nausea/vomiting from postoperative home surveys.ResultsFifty‐nine children aged 3 to 12 years were randomized to receive acupuncture (n = 30) or sham acupuncture (n = 29). No significant demographic differences were noted between the two cohorts. Perioperative data were recorded for all patients; 73% of patients later returned home surveys. There were no significant differences in the amount of opioid medications administered or total postanesthesia care unit time between the two cohorts. Home surveys of patients but not of parents revealed significant improvements in pain control in the acupuncture treatment‐group postoperatively (P = 0.0065 and 0.051, respectively), and oral intake improved significantly earlier in the acupuncture treatment group (P = 0.01). No adverse effects of acupuncture were reported.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that intraoperative acupuncture is feasible, well tolerated, and results in improved pain and earlier return of diet postoperatively.Level of Evidence1b. Laryngoscope, 125:1972–1978, 2015
Towards More Efficient Incentives for Agri‐environment Measures in Degraded and Eroded Vineyards
Authors: Galati Antonino , Gristina Luciano , Crescimanno Maria , Barone Ettore , Novara Agata 
Published: April 2015

AbstractEvaluating the economic damage caused by soil erosion is important. In addition to increasing the awareness of the problem among farmers and policy makers, evaluation of the economic damage caused by erosion can promote the implementation of more sustainable soil management practices. In the present study, we describe a new approach to evaluate incentives for the adoption of agri‐environment measure (AEM) in degraded and eroded vineyards. To estimate this incentive, the replacement cost (RC) and the loss of income are calculated when the vineyard is managed with conventional tillage versus a cover crop (AEM). Our findings show that the incentive could range from the loss of income due to AEM adoption to the ecosystem service benefit (RCC − RCAEM). In our case study, the incentive ranged from 315 € ha−1 (loss of income) to 1,088 € ha−1 (ecosystem service benefit). Within this range, the incentive amount is determined according to efficiency criteria based on vineyard slope. We also present a conceptual model of public spending efficiency that should help policy makers decide how to allocate the incentives so as to maximize the economic return associated with ecosystem services. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Verunreinigungen und Hauptkomponente detektieren
Authors: Liedschulte Anna Vanessa , Giegold Sascha 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBei Verunreinigungsanalysen mit HPLC helfen Photodiodenarray‐Detektoren mit ausreichend langen Flusszellen, Substanzen im Spurenbereich zu detektieren. Den quantifizierbaren Konzentrationsbereich des Detektors erweitert ein Softwaretool.
First trimester screening for Down syndrome using nuchal translucency, maternal serum pregnancy‐associated plasma protein A, free‐β human chorionic gonadotrophin, placental growth factor, and α‐fetoprotein
Authors: Huang Tianhua , Dennis Alan , Meschino Wendy S. , Rashid Shamim , Mak‐Tam Ellen , Cuckle Howard 
Published: April 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the screening performance for Down syndrome using first trimester combined screening (FTS) and two additional markers, serum placental growth factor (PlGF) and α‐fetoprotein (AFP).MethodsThis is a retrospective case‐control study of 137 pregnancies affected by Down syndrome and 684 individually matched unaffected pregnancies. Stored serum samples were tested for all four markers, and results were expressed as multiples of the gestation‐specific median (MoM). Multivariate Gaussian modeling was used to calculate risks for different combinations of markers and to predict the detection rate (DR) and false positive rate (FPR). The predicted performance of enhanced FTS (FTS plus PlGF and AFP) was compared with FTS; the performance without nuchal translucency (first trimester quad) was assessed.ResultsFor affected pregnancies, the median PlGF level was 0.622 MoM and median AFP 0.764 MoM. Adding PlGF and AFP improved the screening performance. At 3% FPR, DR increased by 4.4% from 83.8% to 88.2% using enhanced FTS; at 95% DR, FPR decreased by 8.3%, from 19.3% to 11.0%. At 3% FPR, DR using first trimester quad test was 76.4%.ConclusionsThe performance of FTS can be enhanced by adding PlGF and AFP. Even without nuchal translucency, the test would perform well. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
NHLBI viewpoint: Lung health and disease prevention research starting in childhood
Authors: Blaisdell Carol J. , Weinmann Gail G. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryLung health begins in utero when the complex structure of the airway, alveolar, and vascular structures are formed. To really impact the United States and global burden of chronic lung diseases in both adults and children, we must understand normal and abnormal development, the outcomes of disrupted development, and the effects of in utero and postnatal exposures on lung health. With increasing recognition of early life origins of adult diseases,1 it is important to know what early events and interventions can alter the trajectory of lung development, growth, and decline to help promote lung health and reduce chronic lung disease. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015; 50:604–606. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evidence of charge‐density waves in the optical properties of SmNiC
Authors: Ahmad D. , Min Byeon Hun , Min Gyeon Im , Kimura Shin‐Ichi , Seo Jungpil , Kwon Yong Seung 
Published: April 2015

Abstract[94pt]In this study, we have measured the optical reflectivity spectra of low‐dimensional SmNiC ( K and K) in the terahertz to ultraviolet frequency range at various temperatures. The optical conductivity spectra were transformed from the reflectivity data using the Kramers–Kronig relation. The optical conductivity of the normal state is well described by the Drude–Lorentz model assuming two bands. In nonmagnetic states below , two clean gaps opening on top of the Drude response are observed at around 500 and 750 cm−1. In the ferromagnetic state, the higher‐side gap opening remains at the same frequency but the lower‐side gap opening disappears, instead an additional absorption due to magnon gap formation is observed at around 70 cm−1.
Effect of arsenic cracking on In incorporation into MBE‐grown InGaAs layer
Authors: Iha Hiromu , Hirota Yujiro , Yamauchi Masatsugu , Yamamoto Nao , Maruyama Takahiro , Naritsuka Shigeya 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe effect of arsenic cracking on In incorporation in MBE‐grown InGaAs selective growth was systematically studied with changing the cracking cell temperature. Incorporation of In was greatly enhanced by the use of As2 molecular beam during the selective growth at 600 °C. On the other hand, almost no In was incorporated into the grown layer by the use of a conventional As4 molecular beam. The relation between InAs mole fraction and the cracking cell temperature was found to monotonously increase with the cracking cell temperature. It is probably because the ratio of As2 molecules increases with the cracking cell temperature. Not only at 600 °C but also at 580 °C, a selective growth was also successfully performed using As2 molecular beam by the formation of the “denuded zone”, with the InAs mole fraction of 10%. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Analysis of interference and availability between satellite and ground components in an integrated mobile‐satellite service system
Authors: Kang Kunseok , Park Jong Min , Kim Hee Wook , Hong Tae Chul , Ku Bon Jun , Chang Dae‐Ig 
Published: April 2015

SummaryAn integrated mobile‐satellite service (MSS) system is one of the most promising infrastructures for the efficient use of satellite frequency, and the satellite coverage can be extended by reusing the satellite frequency in its ground components. However, the co‐channel interferences caused by the frequency reusing technique may lead to the performance degradation. This paper presents the interference analysis for an integrated MSS system that is composed of a multi‐beam satellite, complementary ground components (CGCs), and mobile earth stations, by using statistical simulations. These statistical results are then used to evaluate the availability of the system. Our simulation results reveal that the satellite frequency reuse in the CGCs of the integrated MSS system can increase efficiency of satellite spectrum utilization with a tradeoff between CGC network capacity and intra‐system interferences. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The SCL/TAL1 Transcription Factor Represses the Stress Protein DDiT4/REDD1 in Human Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells
Authors: Benyoucef Aissa , Calvo Julien , Renou Laurent , Arcangeli Marie-Laure , van den Heuvel Anita , Amsellem Sophie , Mehrpour Maryam , Larghero Jerome , Soler Eric , Naguibneva Irina , Pflumio Francoise 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) are regulated through numerous molecular mechanisms that have not been interconnected. The transcription factor stem cell leukemia/T-cell acute leukemia 1 (TAL1) controls human HSPC but its mechanism of action is not clarified. In this study, we show that knockdown (KD) or short-term conditional over-expression (OE) of TAL1 in human HSPC ex vivo, respectively, blocks and maintains hematopoietic potentials, affecting proliferation of human HSPC. Comparative gene expression analyses of TAL1/KD and TAL1/OE human HSPC revealed modifications of cell cycle regulators as well as previously described TAL1 target genes. Interestingly an inverse correlation between TAL1 and DNA damage-induced transcript 4 (DDiT4/REDD1), an inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, is uncovered. Low phosphorylation levels of mTOR target proteins in TAL1/KD HSPC confirmed an interplay between mTOR pathway and TAL1 in correlation with TAL1-mediated effects of HSPC proliferation. Finally chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments performed in human HSPC showed that DDiT4 is a direct TAL1 target gene. Functional analyses showed that TAL1 represses DDiT4 expression in HSPCs. These results pinpoint DDiT4/REDD1 as a novel target gene regulated by TAL1 in human HSPC and establish for the first time a link between TAL1 and the mTOR pathway in human early hematopoietic cells. Stem Cells 2015;33:2268–2279
Concise Review: Prospects of Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treating Status Epilepticus and Chronic Epilepsy
Authors: Agadi Satish , Shetty Ashok K. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Mononuclear cells (MNCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from the bone marrow and other sources have received significant attention as donor cells for treating various neurological disorders due to their robust neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, it is relatively easy to procure these cells from both autogenic and allogenic sources. Currently, there is considerable interest in examining the usefulness of these cells for conditions such as status epilepticus (SE) and chronic epilepsy. A prolonged seizure activity in SE triggers neurodegeneration in the limbic brain areas, which elicits epileptogenesis and evolves into a chronic epileptic state. Because of their potential for providing neuroprotection, diminishing inflammation and curbing epileptogenesis, early intervention with MNCs or MSCs appears attractive for treating SE as such effects may restrain the development of chronic epilepsy typified by spontaneous seizures and learning and memory impairments. Delayed administration of these cells after SE may also be useful for easing spontaneous seizures and cognitive dysfunction in chronic epilepsy. This concise review evaluates the current knowledge and outlook pertaining to MNC and MSC therapies for SE and chronic epilepsy. In the first section, the behavior of these cells in animal models of SE and their efficacy to restrain neurodegeneration, inflammation, and epileptogenesis are discussed. The competence of these cells for suppressing seizures and improving cognitive function in chronic epilepsy are conferred in the next section. The final segment ponders issues that need to be addressed to pave the way for clinical application of these cells for SE and chronic epilepsy. Stem Cells 2015;33:2093–2103
Cytotoxic response of platinum‐coated gold nanorods in human breast cancer cells at very low exposure levels
Authors: Ahamed Maqusood , Akhtar Mohd Javed , Khan M. A. Majeed , Alhadlaq Hisham A. , Alrokayan Salman A. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTBecause of unique optical behavior gold nanorods (GNRs) have attracted attention for the application in biomedical field such as bio‐sensing, bio‐imaging and hyperthermia. However, toxicological response of GNRs is controversial due to their different surface coating. Therefore, a comprehensive knowledge about toxicological profile of GNRs is necessary before their biomedical applications. First time, we investigated the toxic response of GNRs coated with platinum (GNRs‐Pt) in human breast carcinoma (MCF‐7) cells. Platinum coating further improves the optical and catalytic properties of GNRs. Assays such as 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT), neutral red uptake (NRU) and lactate dehydroganase (LDH) assays have shown that GNRs‐Pt induced cytotoxicity at very low exposure levels (0.1–0.8 μg mL−1). Accumulation of cells in SubG1 phase and low mitochondrial membrane potential (JC‐1 probe) in treated cells suggest that GNRs‐Pt induced cell death via apoptotic pathway. Quantitative real‐time PCR data demonstrated that mRNA expression of apoptotic genes (bax, caspase‐3 and caspase‐9) were up‐regulated while anti‐apoptotic gene bcl‐2 was down‐regulated in cells exposed to GNRs‐Pt. We further observed the higher activity of caspase‐3 and caspase‐9 enzymes in GNRs‐Pt treated cells supporting mRNA data. Moreover, N‐acetyl cysteine (NAC) significantly attenuated the ROS generation and cytotoxicity induced by GNRs‐Pt in MCF‐7 cells suggesting that ROS might plays a crucial role in GNRs‐Pt induced toxicity. This study warns of possible toxicity of GNRs even at very low exposure levels. Further investigations needed to explore potential mechanisms of this low dose toxicity phenomenon. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 1344–1356, 2016.
Fest/Gas‐Reaktion zur Darstellung von geträgerten inter­metallischen Ga‐Pd Katalysatormaterialien
Authors: Schmidt Marcus , Kovnir Kirill , Deichsel Jörg , Binnewies Michael , Grin Yuri , Armbrüster Marc 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe reaction between Ga‐containing gas‐phase species and palladium nanoparticles was investigated systematically concerning the possibility of a controlled formation of supported intermetallic Ga‐Pd compounds. As the gallium‐richest compound, GaPd can be prepared by this approach and also the compound GaPd2 can be obtained. The limited accessibility in the Ga‐Pd system can be understood considering the thermodynamic data of the involved species. Synthesised materials were tested for their catalytic properties in the semi‐hydrogenation of acetylene. GaPd2/C exhibits considerably inferior catalytic properties directly after synthesis due to the presence of iodine‐containing species on the surface. However, those iodine‐containing species can be removed by subsequent washing of the material with aqueous EDTA or formic acid to yield a highly active and selective material.
The structure of extremely long mouthparts in the aphid genus Stomaphis Walker (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Aphididae)
Authors: Brożek Jolanta , Mróz Ewa , Wylężek Dominika , Depa Łukasz , Węgierek Piotr 
Published: April 2015

AbstractScanning electron microscopy and light microscopy were used to elucidate the morphology of labium and mandibular and maxillary stylets of the aphids Stomaphis quercus (L.) and S. graffii Cholodkovsky. The mechanism of labium shortening associated with feeding process was described as well. Stomaphis quercus and S. graffii have cone-shaped labium of 13 and 10 mm in length, respectively, that strongly extend behind the abdomen. The stylets bundle comprises a pair of mandibular and maxillary stylets which are on average as long as labium. Serial cross sections of labium revealed that the first segment is inverted inside and the second is pulled into it; both segments are shifted into abdomen. This study provides new information on S. quercus and S. graffii mouthparts that may help to understand their feeding behavior.
Atypical Coxa Saltans Due to Partial Proximal Hamstring Avulsion: A Case Presentation Highlighting the Role for Dynamic Sonography
Authors: Spencer‐Gardner Luke S. , Pourcho Adam M. , Smith Jay , Krych Aaron J. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractPainful hip snapping can present as a rare sequela of proximal hamstring injury. We present a case of painful snapping of the conjoint tendon of the semitendinosus and biceps femoris over the ischial tuberosity in the setting of a partial proximal hamstring disruption. Dynamic ultrasonography identified the source of snapping and a persistent attachment of the conjoint tendon to the sacrotuberous ligament, which prevented retraction and allowed subluxation of the tendons across the ischial tuberosity. Following surgical transection of the persistent sacrotuberous ligament attachment to the conjoint tendon and tendon reattachment, the patient's symptoms resolved with full return of function.
Percutaneous Ultrasonic Fasciotomy for Refractory Plantar Fasciopathy After Failure of a Partial Endoscopic Release Procedure
Authors: Pourcho Adam M. , Hall Mederic M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractPlantar fasciopathy is a painful, degenerative condition of the plantar fascia that affects 2 million people annually and has an estimated 10% lifetime prevalence. When both nonoperative and operative management fails, patients have limited therapeutic options. We present a case of an active 47‐year‐old male runner who was successfully treated with songraphically guided percutaneous ultrasonic fasciotomy after undergoing a prolonged course of nonoperative management and an endoscopic plantar fascia release procedure. Percutaneous ultrasonic fasciotomy may be considered in patients with chronic, refractory plantar fasciopathy, including those for whom a prior operative release procedure has failed.