bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic review of systematic reviews for the management of urinary incontinence and promotion of continence using conservative behavioural approaches in older people in care homes
Authors: Roe Brenda , Flanagan Lisa , Maden Michelle 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAimTo synthesize evidence from systematic reviews on the management of urinary incontinence and promotion of continence using conservative/behavioural approaches in older people in care homes to inform clinical practice, guidelines and research.BackgroundIncontinence is highly prevalent in older people in care home populations.DesignSystematic review of systematic reviews with narrative synthesis.Data sourcesElectronic searches of published systematic reviews in English using MEDLINE and CINAHL with no date restrictions up to September 2013. Searches supplemented by hand searching and electronic searching of Cochrane Library and PROSPERO.Review methodsPRISMA statement was followed, as were established methods for systematic review of systematic reviews.ResultsFive systematic reviews of high quality were included, three specific to intervention studies and two reviewed descriptive studies. Urinary incontinence was the primary outcome in three reviews with factors associated with the management of urinary incontinence the primary outcome for the other reviews.ConclusionToileting programmes, in particular prompted voiding, with use of incontinence pads are the main conservative behavioural approach for the management of incontinence and promotion of continence in this population with evidence of effectiveness in the short term. Evidence from associated factors; exercise, mobility, comorbidities, hydration, skin care, staff perspectives, policies and older people's experiences and preference are limited. The majority of evidence of effectiveness are from studies from one country which may or may not be transferable to other care home populations. Future international studies are warranted of complex combined interventions using mixed methods to provide evidence of effectiveness, context of implementation and economic evaluation.
The Source and Impact of Appearance Teasing: An Examination by Sex and Weight Status Among Early Adolescents From the Czech Republic
Authors: Almenara Carlos A. , Ježek Stanislav 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSome adolescents are victims of negative appearance‐related feedback, and this may have lasting adverse effects on their self‐evaluation. The aim of this study was to examine the frequency and impact of appearance teasing across sex and weight status.METHODSThe participants were 570 Czech adolescents (47.9% girls) evaluated at age 13 during the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood. Instruments used were body mass index and an adapted version of the Physical Experiences Survey that measures appearance teasing sources (parents, peers, among others), body part teased, and the impact of teasing. Chi‐square test and multivariate analyses of variance were conducted to compare groups by sex and weight status. Logistic regression was then used for adjusted analyses.RESULTSGirls were more likely to report appearance teasing than boys. Overweight adolescents, both girls and boys, were more likely to be teased than non‐overweight adolescents. Overweight adolescents compared with non‐overweight adolescents reported higher levels of impact of body‐related teasing.CONCLUSIONSCzech adolescents continue to adopt the societal standards of Western countries, stigmatizing overweight peers. This may affect more obese adolescents. Future research has to evaluate different sources of appearance‐related teasing. Interventions in schools are suitable for the reduction of appearance‐related prejudices.
Walking School Buses as a Form of Active Transportation for Children—A Review of the Evidence
Authors: Smith Liz , Norgate Sarah H. , Cherrett Tom , Davies Nigel , Winstanley Christopher , Harding Mike 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDWalking school buses (WSBs) offer a potentially healthier way for children to get to school while reducing traffic congestion. A number of pressing societal challenges make it timely to evaluate evidence of their value.METHODSStudies that focused solely on WSBs were identified through online and manual literature searches. Twelve WSB studies involving a total of 9169 children were reviewed. Study aims, designs, methods, outcomes, and barriers and facilitators were examined.RESULTSWSBs were found to be associated with increased prevalence of walking to school and general activity levels although not always significantly. Time constraints emerged as barriers to WSBs, impacting on recruitment of volunteers and children to the WSBs. Facilitators of WSBs included children enjoying socializing and interacting with the environment.CONCLUSIONSPreliminary evidence of the health value of WSBs was demonstrated, along with recommendations for the design of future studies. By tackling barriers of time constraints, volunteer recruitment, and parents' safety concerns while at the same time, increasing convenience and time savings for families, future WSBs are likely to be more sustainable and taken up by more schools. Implications for future innovation in school health were identified.
Psychoeducational Program for Parents of Adolescents With Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Picard Isabelle , Morin Diane , De Mondehare Laurence 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA psychoeducational program was developed in response to the needs expressed most frequently in a province‐wide survey conducted in Quebec, Canada, of more than 560 parents of people with intellectual disabilities. Parents of adolescents expressed the greatest needs for support. A program was therefore created specifically for this group and tested with 25 parents of adolescents. This program was then compared with another type of intervention often used with parents: a self‐help support group. The results indicated overall satisfaction with both types of interventions, such that offering both options to parents is justified. In addition, it would be desirable to offer such programs earlier in the lives of the parents as many expressed frustration at learning only in their child's adolescence about resources that could have been useful for them earlier.
Health‐Related Quality of Life in children with perceived and diagnosed food hypersensitivity
Authors: Venter Carina , Sommer Isolde , Moonesinghe Harriet , Grundy Jane , Glasbey Gillian , Patil Veeresh , Dean Taraneh 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe few studies measuring health‐related quality of life (HRQL) in food hypersensitivity (FHS) have found significantly reduced HRQL in patients and their families, particularly in the areas of family and social activities, emotional issues and family economy. One aspect that has not been studied is the effect of suspected FHS (food allergy/intolerance) vs. diagnosed FHS [based on a food challenge or a positive skin prick test (SPT) and good clinical history] on HRQL. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the HRQL in children with a proven diagnosis of FHS vs. those with reported FHS.MethodsWe have utilized the 10‐yr old follow‐up cohort of the Food Allergy and Intolerance Research (FAIR) study from the Isle of Wight and assessed the child's HRQL with the Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire – Parent form (FAQLQ‐PF) which measures HRQL using four domains: food anxiety, emotional impact, social and dietary limitation.ResultsWhen comparing the two groups of children (proven FHS vs. perceived FHS), no difference in HRQL was found, although food anxiety showed a p‐value of (p = 0.062). This was also the case when correcting for all confounding factors identified.ConclusionWe have found that having a clear diagnosis of FHS is not an independent predictor of HRQL. Future studies are required comparing two more similar groups. We also need to focus more on the effect of continuous input from the multidisciplinary team on HRQL and which particular factors of FHS management affect HRQL.
Rhinitis in children: Common clinical presentations and differential diagnoses
Authors: Rotiroti G. , Roberts G. , Scadding G. K. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractRhinitis is a common presentation in childhood. Acute virally induced rhinitis is generally self‐limiting and usually does not require medical attention. Whilst allergic rhinitis is the focus of the paediatric allergist, the presentation of other diseases or comorbidities that can complicate or mimic allergic rhinitis needs to be considered. Effects on the child's quality of life also need to be addressed. Rhinitis can be associated with asthma and other significant comorbidities: importantly, non‐allergic rhinitis can sometimes be a consequence of systemic immune impairment. The diagnosis of rhinitis is based on clinical findings with directed investigations. Nasal nitric oxide measurement is an emerging diagnostic tool and helpful particularly in relation to evaluating the differential diagnosis in more difficult rhinitis. Successfully identifying the cause of rhinitis in childhood and associated comorbidities can ensure that the patient is successfully treated as described in the recently published EAACI Pediatric Rhinitis Position Paper.
DEVELOPING A TECHNIQUE FOR ULTRASOUND‐GUIDED INJECTION OF THE ADULT CANINE HIP
Authors: Bergamino Chiara , Etienne Anne‐Laure , Busoni Valeria 
Published: January 2015

An accurate method for guiding injections into the canine hip would facilitate diagnostic localization of lameness and targeted treatments. Ultrasound‐guided hip injections are commonly used in humans and large animals. Aims of this prospective study were to describe ultrasound (US) anatomy of the adult canine hip and determine the feasibility and accuracy of intra‐articular placement of injectate using US‐guidance. Seven adult dogs were used to describe US anatomy, five dog cadavers were used to assess the feasibility of the injection technique and 11 dog cadavers were used to assess accuracy of injections. For the accuracy test, 22 joints were injected with iodinated contrast medium by three operators with different experience. With dogs in lateral recumbency, the hyperechoic femoral head surface was identified by following the femoral neck from the greater trochanter or the acetabular rim was localized by following caudally the ilium from the iliac wing. An anechoic gap between the femoral head and acetabular surface represented the joint. The capsule was visible as a triangular echoic structure and the femoral head articular cartilage appeared as an anechoic band. The needle was inserted axial to the greater trochanter and directed in a dorsolateral–ventromedial direction toward the joint space and then pushed through the capsule. Based on postinjection radiography, accuracy was 81.8% at first attempt and 100% at second attempt. This study indicated that US‐guided injection is a feasible and accurate technique for injecting the adult canine hip. Future studies in live dogs are needed to assess safety and efficacy.
Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus pumilus Strain WP8, an Efficient Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium
Authors: Kang Yijun , Shen Min , Wang Huanli , Zhao Qingxin 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT

Bacillus pumilus
strain WP8 is an efficient plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium. Here, we present the complete genome of WP8 and its genes involved in plant growth promotion and biocontrol.
Full-Length Genome Sequence of Type M/
emm83
Group A Streptococcus pyogenes Strain STAB1101, Isolated from Clustered Cases in Brittany
Authors: Soriano Nicolas , Vincent Pascal , Auger Gabriel , Cariou Marie-Estelle , Moullec Séverine , Lagente Vincent , Ygout Jean-François , Kayal Samer , Faili Ahmad 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT

Here, we announce the complete annotated genome sequence of a
Streptococcus pyogenes
M
/emm83
strain, STAB1101, isolated from clustered cases in homeless persons in Brittany (France). The genome is composed of 1,709,790 bp, with a G+C content of 38.4% and 1,550 identified coding sequences (CDS), and it harbors a Tn
916
-like transposon.
Bifidobacterium pseudolongum Strain PV8-2, Isolated from a Stool Sample of an Anemic Kenyan Infant
Authors: Vazquez-Gutierrez Pamela , Lacroix Christophe , Chassard Christophe , Klumpp Jochen , Stevens Marc J. A. , Jans Christoph 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT

The complete genome sequence of
Bifidobacterium pseudolongum
PV8-2, isolated from feces of an anemic Kenyan infant, was determined using single-molecule real-time (SMRT) technology. The genome consists of a 2-Mbp chromosome and a 4-kb plasmid.
Draft Genome Sequence of Rhodovulum sp. Strain NI22, a Naphthalene-Degrading Marine Bacterium
Authors: Brown Lisa M. , Gunasekera Thusitha S. , Bowen Loryn L. , Ruiz Oscar N. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
Rhodovulum sp. strain NI22 is a hydrocarbon-degrading member of the genus Rhodovulum. The draft genome of Rhodovulum sp. NI22 is 3.8 Mb in size, with 3,756 coding sequences and 64.4% G+C content. The catechol and gentisate pathways for naphthalene degradation are predicted to be present in Rhodovulum sp. NI22.
The effects of auricular acupuncture on weight reduction and feeding-related cytokines: a pilot study
Authors: Ito Hisayuki , Yamada Osamu , Kira Yuji , Tanaka Takeshi , Matsuoka Rumiko 
Published: January 2015

ObjectiveAuricular acupuncture is a common therapy used to control appetite; however, the underlying mechanism(s) of action is unclear. The present study examined changes in feeding behaviour and in the levels of several appetite-related hormones in response to auricular acupuncture, and attempted to identify the mechanism(s) by which this traditional medical treatment exerts its effects.MethodsTen healthy adult volunteers (nine female and one male) were recruited by the KOSAI Oriental Healthcare Center. The participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups (n=5 per group): an acupuncture group and a placebo group. Each received detention needle stimulus on a weekly basis for 1 month. Changes in diet, body weight, blood pressure and blood biochemistry were evaluated before treatment and at 1 week after the start of treatment.ResultsThe difference in weight before treatment and after 1 week of treatment was significant for all participants in the acupuncture group (p=0.02). The percentage changes in active ghrelin in the acupuncture group were no significant changes observed in active ghrelin levels at 1 week after acupuncture in any individual participant (p=0.89). By contrast, the percentage changes in active ghrelin levels in the placebo group at 1 week after the start of acupuncture were significant (p=0.04). The insulin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, leptin and adiponectin levels did not change significantly in either group.ConclusionsThere was a statistically significant difference in the percentage change in body weight and active ghrelin levels in each individual participant in auricular acupuncture groups. This is a pilot study and the sample number is small; however, auricular acupuncture may reduce appetite by suppressing ghrelin production.
Real-time continuous glucose monitoring versus conventional glucose monitoring in critically ill patients: a systematic review study protocol
Authors: Zhu Weidong , Jiang Libing , Jiang Shouyin , Ma Yuefeng , Zhang Mao 
Published: January 2015

IntroductionStress-induced hyperglycaemia, which has been shown to be associated with an unfavourable prognosis, is common among critically ill patients. Additionally, it has been reported that hypoglycaemia and high glucose variabilities are also associated with adverse outcomes. Thus, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may be the optimal method to detect severe hypoglycaemia, hyperglycaemia and decrease glucose excursion. However, the overall accuracy and reliability of CGM systems and the effects of CGM systems on glucose control and prognosis in critically ill patients remain inconclusive. Therefore, we will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the associations between CGM systems and clinical outcome.Methods and analysisWe will search PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library from inception to October 2014. Studies comparing CGM systems with any other glucose monitoring methods in critically ill patients will be eligible for our meta-analysis. The primary endpoints include the incidence of hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia, mean glucose level, and percentage of time within the target range. The second endpoints include intensive care unit (ICU) mortality, hospital mortality, duration of mechanical ventilation, length of ICU and hospital stay, and the Pearson correlation coefficient and the results of error grid analysis. In addition, we will record all complications (eg, acquired infections) in control and intervention groups and local adverse events in intervention groups (eg, bleeding or infections).Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required as this is a protocol for a systematic review. The findings will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at a relevant conference.Trial registration numberPROSPERO registration number: CRD42014013488.
Nutritional assessment in elderly care: a MUST!
Authors: Frank Madeleine , Sivagnanaratnam Aravinth , Bernstein Jo 
Published: January 2015

AbstractMalnutrition affects over three million people in the UK with associated health costs exceeding £13 billion annually.[1] In hospital, malnutrition has been shown to increase complication rates, morbidity, mortality, hospital readmissions, and length of hospital stay.[2] To screen for malnutrition, a reliable and validated screening tool such as the malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST) should be used.[3] We believe that improved patient outcomes and significant savings to the trust can be achieved, not only by ensuring that every patient has a MUST score documented, but that it is calculated correctly and the appropriate interventions are implemented.We have carried out the audit three times (May, July, and November 2013). The study included the patients on the elderly care ward of Watford General Hospital (n=64, 62, and 63 respectively). MUST scores documented in nursing notes for each patient were noted. We re-calculated each MUST score ourselves for comparison. We went through patient notes and nursing information and noted which recommended nutritional interventions were being implemented.Our results highlighted several issues:1) Patients did not consistently have a MUST score documented2) MUST scores were calculated incorrectly. This was generally due to BMIs calculated incorrectly, and patients’ weights from six months ago not being known3) High MUST scores not being acted on appropriately.Our interventions have involved liaising with various teams within the hospital to maximise the efficacy of the MUST score. This has included encouraging the trust to provide regular training to nurses because of high nursing staff turnover. Following our audit, the dietitian department agreed to undertake weekly ward rounds to screen for patients at risk of malnutrition. Our interventions so far have resulted in increased proportion of MUST scores being calculated (73 to 97%), and increased rates of patients being referred to dietitians (62 to 86% in the second audit cycle).
Ultrasound credentialing in North American emergency department systems with ultrasound fellowships: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Bellamkonda Venkatesh R , Shokoohi Hamid , Alsaawi Abdulmohsen , Ding Ru , Campbell Ronna L , Liu Yiju Teresa , Boniface Keith S 
Published: January 2015

ObjectiveTo describe the credentialing systems of North American emergency department systems (EDS) with emergency ultrasound (EUS) fellowship programmes.MethodsThis is a prospective, cross-sectional, survey-based study of North American EUS fellowships using a 62-item, pilot-tested, web-based survey instrument assessing credentialing and training systems. The American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) distributed the surveys using SNAP survey (Snap Surveys Ltd, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, USA).ResultsOver 6 months, 75 eligible programmes were surveyed, 55 responded (73% response rate); 1 declined to participate leaving 54 participating programmes. Less than 20% of EDS credential nurses, physician assistants, nurse practitioners and students in EUS. Respondent EDS reported having an average of 4.2±3.3 ultrasound faculty members (faculty identifying their career focus as EUS). The median number of annual point-of-care ultrasounds reported was 5000 (IQR 3000–8000). 30 EDS (56%) credential each examination individually and 48 EDS (89%) use ACEP credentialing criteria. 61% of fellowship leadership believe their credentialing system is either satisfactory or very satisfactory (Cronbach's coefficient α=0.84).ConclusionsThe data show heterogeneity among North American EDS with EUS fellowship programmes with regard to credentialing systems despite published guidelines from the ACEP and Canadian Emergency Ultrasound Society.
Starvation Promotes REV1 SUMOylation and p53-Dependent Sensitization of Melanoma and Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Shim Hong Seok , Wei Min , Brandhorst Sebastian , Longo Valter D. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Short-term starvation or fasting can augment cancer treatment efficacy and can be effective in delaying cancer progression in the absence of chemotherapy, but the underlying molecular mechanisms of action remain elusive. Here, we describe the role of REV1, a specialized DNA polymerase involved in DNA repair, as an important signaling node linking nutrient sensing and metabolic control to cell fate. We show that REV1 is a novel binding partner of the tumor suppressor p53 and regulates its activity. Under starvation, REV1 is modified by SUMO2/3, resulting in the relief of REV1′s inhibition of p53 and enhancing p53′s effects on proapoptotic gene expression and apoptosis in breast cancer and melanoma cells. Thus, fasting in part through its effect on REV1 is a promising nontoxic strategy to increase p53-dependent cell death and to enhance the efficacy of cancer therapies. Cancer Res; 75(6); 1056–67. ©2015 AACR.
Vemurafenib Resistance Signature by Proteome Analysis Offers New Strategies and Rational Therapeutic Concepts
Authors: Paulitschke Verena , Berger Walter , Paulitschke Philipp , Hofstätter Elisabeth , Knapp Bernhard , Dingelmaier-Hovorka Ruth , Födinger Dagmar , Jäger Walter , Szekeres Thomas , Meshcheryakova Anastasia , Bileck Andrea , Pirker Christine , Pehamberger Hubert , Gerner Christopher , Kunstfeld Rainer 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The FDA-approved BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib achieves outstanding clinical response rates in patients with melanoma, but early resistance is common. Understanding the pathologic mechanisms of drug resistance and identification of effective therapeutic alternatives are key scientific challenges in the melanoma setting. Using proteomic techniques, including shotgun analysis and 2D-gel electrophoresis, we identified a comprehensive signature of the vemurafenib-resistant M24met in comparison with the vemurafenib-sensitive A375 melanoma cell line. The resistant cells were characterized by loss of differentiation, induction of transformation, enhanced expression of the lysosomal compartment, increased potential for metastasis, migration, adherence and Ca2+ ion binding, enhanced expression of the MAPK pathway and extracellular matrix proteins, and epithelial–mesenchymal transformation. The main features were verified by shotgun analysis with QEXACTIVE orbitrap MS, electron microscopy, lysosomal staining, Western blotting, and adherence assay in a VM-1 melanoma cell line with acquired vemurafenib resistance. On the basis of the resistance profile, we were able to successfully predict that a novel resveratrol-derived COX-2 inhibitor, M8, would be active against the vemurafenib-resistant but not the vemurafenib-sensitive melanoma cells. Using high-throughput methods for cell line and drug characterization may thus offer a new way to identify key features of vemurafenib resistance, facilitating the design of effective rational therapeutic alternatives. Mol Cancer Ther; 14(3); 757–68. ©2015 AACR.