bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on a hybrid model for flood probability prediction based on time convolutional network and particle swarm optimization algorithm
Authors: Yu Qiying , Liu Chengshuai , Lu Zhenlin , Bai Yungang , Li Wenzhong , Tian Lu , Shi Chen , Xu Yingying , Cao Biao , Zhang Jianghui , Hu Caihong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Accurate advance flood forecasting is beneficial for planning watershed flood prevention measures in advance. In this study, the PSO-TCN-Bootstrap flood forecasting model for the Tailan River Basin in Xinjiang was constructed by coupling particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO), temporal convolutional neural network algorithm (TCN), and Bootstrap probability sampling algorithm. The model was tested based on 50 historical flood events from 1960 to 2014 using measured rainfall-runoff data in the Tailan River Basin. The results showed that under the same lead time conditions, the PSO-TCN-Bootstrap model had higher Nash efficiency coefficient, lower root mean square error and relative peak error in flood process forecasting. The PSO-TCN-Bootstrap flood forecasting model has better applicability and robustness in the Tailan River Basin. However, when the lead time exceeds 5h, the relative peak error in the PSO-TCN-Bootstrap model's flood forecasting will still exceed 20%. In the future, it is expected to integrate the mechanism of flood process occurrence and further improve the generalization ability of machine learning models in flood forecasting applications. The research results can provide a scientific basis for flood management in the Tailan River Basin.
Plantar intrinsic foot muscle activity and its relationship with postural sway during single-legged and bipedal tiptoe standing in ballet dancers
Authors: Fukuyama Hiroshi , Maeo Sumiaki , Kusagawa Yuki , Isaka Tadao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

During tiptoe standing, especially with the single-legged support, the foot joints in ballet dancers are heavily loaded. Thus, the activity of the plantar intrinsic foot muscles (PIFMs), which stabilize the foot joints, may be important in reducing postural sway during tiptoe standing. We compared PIFM activity during single-legged and bipedal tiptoe standing and examined its relationship to postural sway in dancers. In 11 female ballet dancers, the electromyography (EMG) amplitudes of PIFMs and the center of pressure (COP) data were recorded during single-legged and bipedal tiptoe standing tasks. The EMG amplitudes were normalized to those during the maximal voluntary contraction, and PIFM activity level and its coefficient of variation over time (EMG-CVtime) during the task were assessed. From the COP data, standard deviations in the anteroposterior (COP-SDAP) and mediolateral (COP-SDML) direction, velocity, and area were calculated. PIFM activity level and COP velocity were 2–2.5-fold higher in the single-legged than bipedal task (p≤0.003). Significant correlations were found between PIFM activity level and COP velocity (r=0.666, p=0.025) and between EMG-CVtime and COP-SDAP or COP-SDML (r≥0.738, p≤0.010) only in the single-legged task. These results suggest that PIFM activity is associated with postural sway, especially during single-legged tiptoe standing in dancers.
Factors that contribute to Helminth Prevalence in Communities even after Repeated Mass Drug Administrations in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Aribodor Ogechukwu , Okaka Christopher , Sam-Wobo Sammy , Bikoumou Annick , Obikwelu Emmanuel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Over the past decade, mass drug administration (MDA) has been a crucial strategy in controlling schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in Anambra State, Nigeria. This longitudinal study from 2017 to 2019, evaluated the implementation of interventions introduced for the control of schistosomiasis (SCH) and soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STHs) in recipient communities and the gains.
Methods
One thousand and forty-six consenting pupils aged 5 to 16 years old were enrolled. Kato- Katz and urine filtration techniques were employed for the examination of fresh faecal and urine samples respectively. A structured questionnaire was administered to 243 people for the assessment of the contextual factors. Data were analyzed using Minitab 17.
Results
Equal numbers (50% females and 50% males) make up the 1046 pupils. A baseline prevalence of 8% (82/1046) was observed. Helminthes ova seen were A. lumbricoides (7.0%), T. trichiura (1.0%), Hookworm (0.1%) and S. haematobium (0.5%), while co-infection of 1% was observed between A. lumbricoides and Hookworm. Follow-up evaluation showed a prevalence of 6% (65/1046) made up of A. lumbricoides (2.0%), T. trichiuria (2.2%), S. haematobium (2%) with co-infection of 0.2% observed between A. lumbricoides and S. haematobium. Helminth infection with respect to location (p > 0.05) varied significantly at baseline and follow-up. Socio-economic status was significantly related to transmission. From the 243 respondents, 87% of the people earn less than $50 per month; also 39% practice open defecation, and 71% advocated for Mass Administration of Medicines to continue as 67% were happy as it was free of charge. On sustainability, 98% were happy that the government is providing funds.
Conclusion
It is advocated that emphasis should continue on health education, while concurrently working on enhancing basic social amenities. These combined efforts will significantly contribute to achieving long-lasting positive changes and maintaining the gains of the interventions.
Event-triggered control for stable MMP systems with input saturation using a Bessel-Legendre integral inequality
Authors: Santra Srimanta , Joby Maya , Fabri Simon G. , Sathishkumar M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This paper proposes an event-triggered sampled-data control approach for electrical multi-machine power (MMP) systems with polytopic type input saturation. The proposed approach employs a Bessel-Legendre integral inequality, which is less conservative than traditional integral inequalities such as Jensen’s and Wirtinger-based, to improve the system’s stability condition. The event-triggering condition is periodically verified at each sampling instant, and new measurements and control signals are calculated accordingly. The design criteria are expressed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which ensure asymp-totic stability using Lyapunov stability theory. Moreover , the controllability energy function is utilized to analyze the essential nonlinear dynamics of the system. The proposed approach is validated through simulation studies on the MMP system. The results demonstrate that the approach effectively stabilizes the system while minimizing the control effort. The Bessel-Legendre integral inequality provides a less conservative approach than traditional integral inequalities, resulting in better stability conditions and improved control performance. The use of the controllability energy function in conjunction with the event-triggered control approach provides a comprehensive framework for the control of MMP systems with polytopic type input saturation.
Effect of throat diameter on the cavitation phenomenon inside an aerated Venturi tube for microbubble production
Authors: Hamdan Noor Saffreena , Kaneko Akiko 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aeration in Venturi tubes for microbubbles production has become popular in recent years as it enhanced the transportation of oxygen and other gases in wastewater treatment and mineral engineering. In an aerated Venturi, air/gas was injected upstream into the flowing liquid inside the Venturi tube. The air, flows inside the Venturi tube as bubbles, before breakup occurs downstream after the throat area. This method promoted the transportation of particular gases or substances in microbubbles. To further increase the generation of microbubbles, flowing liquid velocity was increased by decreasing the throat diameter, but cavitation started to emerge inside the tube as velocity increased. This present study aims to investigate the effect of reducing the throat diameter on the cavitation number of the aerated Venturi tube and how it affects the breakup characteristics of bubbles. Activities involved in the investigation were; visualization of flow and generated microbubbles, image processing of the images captured, pressure and void fraction measurement, and calculating the cavitation number. The result showed that reducing the throat diameter initiated the cavitation occurrence earlier, and in aerated cases, cavitation exists in the form of cavitated bubbles. Aeration also affects the cavitation number in a non-cavitated flow but does not significantly affect the existing cavitated flow. Reducing the throat diameter also successfully increased the generation of bubbles less than 0.2 mm but the overall SMD did not show a straightforward relationship with cavitation number.
Imaging volcanoes during unrest: Ambient Noise Tomography of a transient plumbing system, Vulcano, Italy.
Authors: Stumpp Douglas , Cabrera-Pérez Iván , Savard Geneviève , Ricci Tullio , Alparone Salvatore , Ursino Andrea , Palano Mimmo , Sparacino Federica , Munoz-Burbano Francisco , Barat Célia , Hardy María-Paz Reyes , Ruch Joël , Bonadonna Costanza , Lupi Matteo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Volcanic hazards increase exponentially during periods of unrest. At present, it is difficult to discern whether magmatic intrusions or hydrothermal activity are the primary drivers of volcanic (re)awakening. This uncertainty complicates hazard mitigation and risk reduction strategies, ultimately influencing civil protection decisions and evacuation plans. In 2021, Vulcano, Italy, entered in unrest, featuring for the first time the occurrence of very long period (VLP) seismic events, which are frequently associated with magma motion at depth. The proposed causative VLPs models are non-unique and advocate either magmatic or hydrothermal activity. We deployed a dense nodal seismic network of 196 3C sensors during the unrest of Vulcano to image the source of deformation thanks to the inversion of seismic ambient noise data. We show that high-resolution Nodal Ambient Noise Tomography (NANT) can accurately identify regions of magma occurrence at depth and help discriminating between magmatic and hydrothermal drivers of unrest. We identify a sub-horizontal intrusion migrating northwards below the vertical projection of the VLP source location, which we suggest may be the causative source of deformation. The deployment of NANT during volcanic unrest, if rapidly processed, can map the distribution of S-wave anomalies and constrain the velocity structure of the regions undergoing major deformations. This approach has the potential to transform static evacuation plans into dynamic and source-dependent hazard mitigation schemes that may ultimately save lives.
Comparative physiology and morphology of BLA-projecting NBM/SI cholinergic neurons in mouse and macaque
Authors: Luo Feng , Jiang Li , Desai Niraj S. , Bai Li , Watkins Gabrielle V. , Eldridge Mark A.G. , Plotnikova Anya , Mohanty Arya , Cummins Alex C. , Averbeck Bruno B. , Talmage David A. , Role Lorna W. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Cholinergic projection neurons of the nucleus basalis and substantia innominata (NBM/SI) densely innervate the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and have been shown to contribute to the encoding of fundamental and life-threatening experiences. Given the vital importance of these circuits in the acquisition and retention of memories that are essential for survival in a changing environment, it is not surprising that the basic anatomical organization of the NBM/SI is well conserved across animal classes as diverse as teleost and mammal. What is not known is the extent to which the physiology and morphology of NBM/SI neurons have also been conserved. To address this issue, we made patch-clamp recordings from NBM/SI neurons in ex vivo slices of two widely divergent mammalian species, mouse and rhesus macaque, focusing our efforts on cholinergic neurons that project to the BLA. We then reconstructed most of these recorded neurons post hoc to characterize neuronal morphology. We found that rhesus macaque BLA-projecting cholinergic neurons were both more intrinsically excitable and less morphologically compact than their mouse homologs. Combining measurements of 18 physiological features and 13 morphological features, we illustrate the extent of the separation. Although macaque and mouse neurons both exhibited considerable within-group diversity and overlapped with each other on multiple individual metrics, a combined morpho-electric analysis demonstrates that they form two distinct neuronal classes. Given the shared purpose of the circuits in which these neurons participate, this finding raises questions about (and offers constraints on) how these distinct classes result in similar behavior.
Boosting Long-term Factuality in Large Language Model with Real-World Entity Queries
Authors: Davies Lino , Bellington Samantha 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The challenge of maintaining long-term factual accuracy in response to dynamic real-world entity queries is critical for the reliability and utility of AI-driven language models. The novel integration of external knowledge bases and fact-checking mechanisms in the modified Llama 3 model significantly enhances its ability to generate accurate and contextually relevant responses. Through architectural modifications, including multi-head attention mechanisms and domain-specific modules, the model's performance was rigorously evaluated across various metrics such as factual precision, recall, F1 score, and contextual accuracy. The extensive experimental setup, involving high-performance computing resources and sophisticated training methodologies, ensured robust testing and validation of the model's capabilities. Comparative analysis with baseline models demonstrated substantial improvements in accuracy and relevance, while error analysis provided insights into areas requiring further refinement. The findings highlight the potential for broader applications and set new standards for the development of reliable language models capable of handling dynamically evolving information. Future research directions include optimizing real-time data integration and exploring hybrid models to further enhance the factuality and robustness of language models.
Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of an antiseptic hydrogel prepared with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Chavez-Sandoval Blanca Estela , Espinoza-Vega Alejandra Sarai , Nuñez-Tahuilan Grecia , Moreno-Rivera María de Lourdes , García-Ventura María Isabel , Balderas-López José Abraham 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In developed countries, food and consumption habits have led us to a dead end where most of the population suffers alterations in metabolism, which leads to diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), high blood pressure and chronic inflammation. DM can increase the risk of having some skin problems, such as bacterial and fungal infections that lead to ulcers that are very difficult to heal, and a large percentage of patients even lose their lower extremities.
A proposal for the care of ulcer wounds, diabetic foot, burns, among others, is to implement patches and/or bandages with a silver nanoparticle gel used as an antiseptic, as an alternative administration system to antibiotics to control and inhibit the colonization of microorganisms such as super bacteria.
Silver nanoparticles have a great potential in biomedical applications such as bactericidal, fungicidal, antiviral or agent healing, among others. Of all its uses, one of the most important is his employment as an agent disinfectant for hygienic and medical purposes.
In this work we prepared a hydrogel with a concentration of 1000 μg/mL of Ag NPs, and stability studies were carried out: pH study of the final formulation and physical study to corroborate that the hydrogel maintains its appearance, color, odor and pH for 30 days at 25 °C and 40 °C. Its antimicrobial activity was evaluated and compared against a commercial cream containing silver sulfadiazine. From the Kirby-Bauer test, obtaining an average diameter of the inhibition zones for our hydrogel of 13.00 mm to 15.00 mm. While the average diameter of the inhibition zones for the commercial cream was 10.00 mm. Therefore, the hydrogel elaborated with AgNPs has good microbial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Neurofeedback: Applications, Advancements, and Future Directions
Authors: Jubair Hassan , Islam Md.Merajul , Mehenaz Mithela , Akter Fahmida , yeasmin Nilufa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Neurofeedback, a technique enabling individuals to modulate their brain activity in real-time, has garnered significant attention for its potential applications in clinical therapy, cognitive enhancement, and performance optimization. This review paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of neurofeedback research, drawing insights from 65 seminal papers. We explore the historical background, methods, and techniques employed in neurofeedback studies, highlighting advancements and innovations in the field. Through a detailed examination of applications across various domains, including clinical settings and cognitive performance enhancement, we summarize key findings and efficacy of neurofeedback interventions. Furthermore, we discuss common limitations and challenges faced in neurofeedback research, along with future directions and potential advancements. By synthesizing insights from diverse studies, this paper offers valuable implications for the future of neurofeedback, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and personalized approaches in harnessing its full potential.
Program Defect Detection Using Sensitive Slice Semantics with Control
Flow Variable Dependency
Authors: Tang Chenghua , Shuai Huoli , Yang Mengmeng 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Slicing technology focuses on data association behavior and is suitable for variable
dependency analysis in tight defect contexts.

Methods:
By constructing a control flow variable dependency graph(CFVDG), performing slicing
and semantic analysis and understanding, finally applied to detect defection.

Results:
Compared with the slicing methods based on SDG and DFG, the consumption of time
and space has decreased.

Conclusion:
The experimental results show that this method can improve the precision of defect
detection and reduce the false alarm rate, while reasonably and effectively shortening the
time for graph construction and slicing, and reducing the consumption of edge storage space.
Quantification using a HPLC-FLD-based Detector and Molecular Identifi-cation of Ochratoxin-A Producing Aspergillus Species Isolated from Stored Grain Samples
Authors: Choudhary Kanchan Gopal , Sharffuddin Choudhary , Kumar Arun 
Published: August 2024

Aim:
Quantification using an HPLC-FLD based detector and Molecular identification of Ochratoxin-A producing Aspergillus Species isolated from stored grain samples.

Background:
Fungi are cosmopolitan in origin and are known to grow in any suitable substra-tum. In the present investigation, Aspergillus species isolated from stored grain samples were analyzed for ochratoxin-A production.

Objective:
The objective of this study is the quantification of Ochratoxin and identification of ochratoxigenic fungi.

Methods:
A total of n=34 black Aspergilli and n=1 Ochre Aspergilli were isolated from grain samples of Bihar, India and it was tested for OTA production. The limit of detection (LOD) is found to be 0.33μg/Kg and the limit of quantification (LOQ) is found to be 1μg/Kg for OTA in HPLC-FLD.

Results:
In the present study, out of all the fungal isolates, only TiB fungal isolate was able to produce the ochratoxin-A above the level of LOQ. The positive isolate TiB obtained from stored sesame seed samples was able to produce 25.54 μg/Kg of OTA. ITS sequence analysis of TiB isolate was able to matche 100% with Aspergillus welwitschiae and Aspergillus foetidus.

conclusion:
This is the first report of ochratoxicogenic Aspergillus fungal isolate isolated from stored sesame seed samples of Bihar, India.

Conclusion:
This is the initial report of ochratoxigenic Aspergillus fungal isolate isolated from stored sesame seed samples of flood-prone areas of Bihar, India.
Synthesis of New Dithiocarbamate Derivative Reagent for Micro Extraction and Determination of Iron(II) Ion in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Shaker Ivan Malik , Khudhair Ahmed Fadhil , Mihsen Hayder Hamied 
Published: August 2024

The new reagent N-methyl-N-((((4-chlorophenyl)diazenyl)thio)carbonothioyl)aniline (L) was synthesized via the reaction of sodium N-methyl-N-phenyldithiocarbamate with 4-chlorobenzenediazonium salt. The reagent was identified with many techniques, such as CHNS elemental analysis, UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The Fe(II) ion was utilized to create a metal complex by reacting 2 mol of reagent with 1 mol of iron(II) chloride. Two approaches that were utilized for M:L ratio determination are mole ratio and Job methods. All of these refer to the 1:2 ratio for the complex. The solid complex was prepared and identified with the previous techniques, and additional electrical molar conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. A tetrahedral structure for the prepared complex was suggested based on spectroscopic measurements and elemental analysis results. Cloud point extraction was created for the preconcentration and separation of Fe(II) in drug samples by forming a rich phase using Triton X-114 at 80 °C temperature and pH 5 measurements utilizing flame atomic absorption spectroscopy and UV-vis spectrophotometer at λmax 635 nm. The calibration curve of Fe(II) was linear in the extent of 0.2–1.0 μg/mL with r2 of 0.996. The detection limit and quantification are 0.0504 and 0.1530 μg/mL.
Codoping of Nickel and Nitrogen in ZrO<sub>2</sub>-TiO<sub>2</sub> Composite as Photocatalyst for Methylene Blue Degradation under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Syoufian Akhmad , Kurniawan Rian 
Published: August 2024

Nickel (Ni) and nitrogen (N) as codopants had been introduced into ZrO2-TiO2 composite photocatalyst. The objectives of this study are to investigate the codoping effect of Ni and N, as well as the calcination temperature towards the ability to photodegrade methylene blue (MB) under the irradiation of visible light. Different amounts of Ni dopant (wNi/wTi = 2–10%) along with a fixed amount of N dopant (wN/wTi = 10%) were applied to the ZrO2-TiO2 composite through the sol-gel method. Crystallization of the composite was done by calcination at 500, 700, and 900 °C. Characterization of the composite was done using Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), specular reflectance UV-visible spectrophotometer (SR-UV) and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDX). The photocatalytic activity of the composite was evaluated by photodegradation of 4 mg L−1 MB solution under visible light irradiation at various reaction times. The lowest band gap was achieved until 2.79 eV by the composite with 6% Ni and 10% N calcined at 900 °C. The highest MB degradation percentage up to 61% was obtained by the composite with 6% Ni and 10% N calcined at 500 °C (kobs = 7.8 × 10−3 min−1).