bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enfermedad de Kawasaki: cuadro clínico, exámenes de laboratorio y lesiones coronarias
Authors: Garrido-García Luis Martín , Soto-Blanquel Juan Luis , Espinosa-Rosales Francisco Javier 
Published: August 2015

<p>La enfermedad de Kawasaki es una vasculitis aguda, sistémica, de etiología desconocida y que remite generalmente de manera espontánea; ocurre principalmente en pacientes menores de cinco años de edad (80%). La enfermedad de Kawasaki se caracteriza por fiebre, conjuntivitis no supurativa bilateral, eritema de los labios y de la mucosa oral, alteraciones en las extremidades, exantema y adenopatía cervical. Su diagnóstico oportuno es un reto para el médico ya que no existe una prueba específica y se siguen utilizando los criterios clínicos descritos en 1967. Los resultados de laboratorio en la fase aguda de la enfermedad no son específicos ni diagnósticos.</p><p>Objetivo: describir las características clínicas, exámenes de laboratorio, tratamiento empleado y presencia de lesiones coronarias en la etapa aguda de pacientes con enfermedad de Kawasaki atendidos en un hospital pediátrico de tercer nivel en la Ciudad de México. </p><p>Materiales y métodos: estudio retrospectivo, observacional, en pacientes con diagnóstico de enfermedad de Kawasaki tratados entre agosto de 1995 y diciembre de 2013. Se recabó información que incluyó datos demográficos de los pacientes, características clínicas, exámenes de laboratorio, tratamiento empleado y hallazgos ecocardiográficos en la etapa aguda de la enfermedad.</p><p><br />Resultados: se estudiaron 338 casos de enfermedad de Kawasaki en 322 pacientes. La edad media al diagnóstico fue de 38.94 ± 36.53 meses (rango de 2 a 200 meses). El predominio fue de pacientes masculinos (66.9%) con una relación masculino:femenino de 2:1. La gran mayoría de los pacientes (82.2%) tuvo presentación completa de la afección. Se administró inmunoglobulina endovenosa en 88.2% de los casos. En 287 casos la fiebre remitió 48 horas después de administrar inmunoglobulina endovenosa y solamente en 12 casos se administró una segunda dosis. De 1995 a 2003 se diagnosticaron 48 casos de enfermedad de Kawasaki con 22 pacientes que desarrollaron lesiones coronarias (45.8%); de 2004 a 2008 se diagnosticaron 108 de los cuales 61 (56.5%) desarrollaron lesiones coronarias y, finalmente, en el período de 2009 a 2013 se diagnosticaron 182 casos de enfermedad de Kawasaki, 52 con lesiones coronarias (28.6%). En toda la serie fallecieron 4 pacientes en la etapa aguda por complicaciones cardiacas.</p><p>Conclusiones: el diagnóstico de enfermedad de Kawasaki es cada vez más frecuente en nuestro medio; su diagnóstico temprano y un tratamiento oportuno pueden disminuir el riesgo de desarrollar lesiones coronarias.</p><p> </p>
Utilidad de la recolección de orina de dos horas para el diagnóstico del tipo de acidosis tubular renal
Authors: Rocha-Gómez Margarita Irene , Zaltzman-Girshëvich Samuel , García-de la Puente Silvestre 
Published: August 2015

<p>La acidosis tubular renal se caracteriza por acidosis metabólica hiperclorémica. El diagnóstico del tipo de acidosis tubular renal se realiza mediante la medición del transporte tubular máximo de bicarbonato y de la capacidad de acidificación urinaria; sin embargo, estas pruebas son invasivas y requieren determinaciones especializadas.</p><p>Objetivo: comparar la utilidad de la recolección urinaria de dos horas, una prueba relativamente simple y al alcance de muchos laboratorios, con la medición del transporte tubular máximo de bicarbonato y con la capacidad de acidificación urinaria (procedimientos de referencia) para clasificar el tipo de acidosis tubular renal en pacientes pediátricos.</p><p>Material y método: el estudio se realizó en niños con diagnóstico de acidosis tubular renal. El primer día se recolectó la muestra sérica y urinaria de dos horas. Al día siguiente se efectuaron los procedimientos de referencia administrando bicarbonato de sodio en 8 horas; las muestras se colectaron cada hora y se determinaron la reabsorción de bicarbonato y la acidificación urinaria. </p><p><br />Resultados: se incluyeron 19 pacientes y en 17 casos la colección urinaria de dos horas confirmó el diagnóstico de los procedimientos de referencia. La recolección urinaria de dos horas tuvo sensibilidad de 0.94 y especificidad de 0.67 para el diagnóstico de acidosis tubular renal distal.</p><p>Conclusión: la recolección de orina de dos horas se realiza en forma menos invasiva y ofrece resultados semejantes a los procedimientos de referencia.</p><p> </p>
Encefalopatía pancreática, un diagnóstico a considerar. Presentación de un caso
Authors: Chávez-Acosta Karla Lorena , Lizárraga-López Sandra , Zárate-Castañón Patricia , García-Navarrete Roberto 
Published: August 2015

<p>La encefalopatía pancreática es una complicación sistémica rara en pacientes con pancreatitis aguda, generalmente se presenta en los estadios tempranos de un cuadro grave de pancreatitis aguda y tiene una tasa de mortalidad hasta de 57%. Describimos el caso clínico de una paciente de 16 años de edad que tuvo alteraciones neurológicas durante la evolución de un cuadro de pancreatitis aguda. Se descartaron otras posibles causas y se consideró el diagnóstico de encefalopatía pancreática. Discutimos los factores clínicos y de laboratorio asociados con la presentación de esta complicación, así como la relación entre moléculas proinflamatorias y su papel como neuromoduladores en el sistema nervioso central de estos pacientes.</p>
El niño con síncope
Authors: Rivera-Rodríguez Leonardo 
Published: August 2015

<p>El síncope es un síntoma que requiere atención oportuna. La incidencia en la población pediátrica es de 1.25 por cada 1 000. Las características clínicas deben diferenciarse de padecimientos con pérdida transitoria de la conciencia. El síncope neurocardiogénico es el tipo más frecuente niños (80% de los casos). El objetivo más importante de la evaluación inicial es descartar el origen cardíaco. Las arritmias cardíacas son la causa más frecuente de síncope cardíaco. Si se demuestra una causa de origen cardiovascular debe iniciarse tratamiento específico inmediato. Una vez descartado el origen cardiovascular el siguiente paso es evaluar el sistema nervioso autónomo con la prueba de mesa inclinada. Con esta evaluación se demuestra el origen neuralmente mediado o intolerancia ortostática y se inicia el tratamiento específico para el mismo. El pronóstico del síncope neurocardiogénico es favorable.</p>
Programa de Atividade Física Comunitária: tempo necessário e execução
Authors: Marie Harden Samantha , Araujo Almeida Fabio , You Wendy , Andrews Estabrooks Paul 
Published: August 2015

A dimensão Implementação do RE-AIM avalia a fidelidade ao protocolo de tratamento e seus custos relacionados. Neste estudo, um programa comunitário de atividade física e consumo de frutas e vegetais baseado em evidências foi implementado por educadores em saúde no âmbito do Sistema de Extensão Cooperativa. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar: 1) a medida em que os educadores em saúde aderiram aos princípios subjacentes e 2) o tempo necessário para planejar, recrutar e executar a intervenção. Dezesseis educadores em saúde (100,0%) que aplicaram o programa completaram um questionário que incluiu itens sobre os requisitos de tempo e protocolo de tratamento. Verificou-se que os educadores em saúde aderiam aos três princípios subjacentes do programa, como observado através da criação de grupos (100,0%), coleta do alcance de metas dos grupos (80,1%, SD+0,08%), e fornecimento de feedback (72,5%, SD+0,16%) ao longo de 8 semanas do estudo. No entanto, quando o programa se aproximou do final (semanas 6-8), houve uma redução significativa (p<0,05) no fornecimento de feedback para as equipes. Os educadores em saúde passaram mais tempo na coleta de quilômetros percorridos por cada equipe (12,4 SD+18,8 horas), na coleta de informações dos participantes (9,47 SD+19,8 horas), se comunicando com os participantes (9,32 SD+13,7 horas) e no desenvolvimento de materiais locais para boletins informativos (5,7 SD+3,79 horas). Os componentes do programa que os educadores em saúde passaram a menor quantidade de tempo foram na preparação dos pacotes para os lideres de cada equipe (0,909 SD+2,7 horas), na condução de atividades (2,54 SD+7,17 horas) e no acompanhamento dos lideres (3,09 SD+2,81 horas). Este estudo indica que o tempo necessário para o programa Fit Extension se adequou às expectativas dos educadores em saúde. Pesquisas futuras são necessárias para comparar a fidelidade da implementação e estruturas que possam promover a sustentabilidade do programa.
Capacidade funcional e sua mensuração em idosos: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: De Souza Santos Gerson , Kowal Olm Cunha Isabel Cristina 
Published: August 2015

O objetivo deste estudo foi buscar evidências científicas que abordem a capacidade funcional em idosos, bem como instrumentos utilizados para mensurá-la. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, na qual se incluíram artigos indexados nas bases de dados LILACS e SCIELO publicados em língua portuguesa no Brasil de 2008 a 2012. O ano de publicação dos artigos variou entre 2010 e 2012, havendo predominância do estudo do tipo transversal. Os profissionais enfermeiros foram os principais responsáveis pelas publicações. Questionários e escalas foram utilizados para avaliar a capacidade funcional dos idosos, com predominância do Índice de Katz, sendo a grande maioria dos artigos provenientes de grupos de pesquisa de universidades públicas. As publicações demonstraram que, por meio da utilização de escalas e questionários, é possível identificar os fatores que limitam a capacidade funcional dos idosos.
PERCEPÇÕES SOBRE A TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL NO CUIDADO AO PACIENTE COM HANSENÍASE
Authors: Loureiro Luisa Arantes , Barreto Lenita Lorena , Maksud Ivia 
Published: August 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a percepção dos profissionais de saúde que atuam como paciente acometido pela hanseníase sobre a atuação do terapeuta ocupacional dentro daequipe de atenção a esse paciente. Este é um estudo qualitativo desenvolvido em 2012. Paratanto foi realizada uma observação de cunho etnográfica no Instituto Estadual deDermatologia Sanitária – IEDS, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, a qual permitiu oacompanhamento de atividades do serviço e foram realizadas sete entrevistas comprofissionais atuantes na área. Constatou-se uma dificuldade, tanto por parte dos usuários,quanto dos demais profissionais, em compreender a contribuição do terapeuta ocupacional naatenção integral à hanseníase.Descritores: Terapia Ocupacional; Saúde Pública, Hanseníase; Reabilitação.
Vernalization and Photoperiod Response in Annual Wild Cicer Species and Cultivated Chickpea
Authors: Sharma Shivali , Upadhyaya Hari D. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTWild Cicer species possess high levels of resistance to many stresses and can contribute to enhance levels of resistances besides broadening the genetic base of cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). However, longer duration of wild Cicer species and nonsynchronization of flowering with cultigen remains a major deterrence for their use in chickpea improvement. In this study, the response to vernalization (V), photoperiod (P), and combination of both (V + P) was studied in terms of rate of progress toward flowering in cultivated and wild Cicer species belonging to primary, secondary, and tertiary gene pools. Both V and P treatments, alone and in combination, significantly increased the rate of progress toward flowering in wild Cicer species compared with control. Effect of P in increasing the rate of progress toward flowering was significantly higher than V in C. reticulatum Ladiz., C. echinospermum P. H. Davis, C. judaicum Boiss., C. pinnatifidum Jaub. & Spach, C. bijugum Rech. f., and C. yamashitae Kitam. and vice versa in C. chorassanicum (Bunge) Popov and C. cuneatum Hochst. ex A. Rich. Synergistic effects of V and P were observed in C. bijugum, C. yamashitae, C. chorassanicum, and C. cuneatum. However, both V and P treatments had minimal effect on the rate of progress toward flowering in early‐maturing and greater effects on medium‐ and late‐maturing chickpea varieties. These results would contribute significantly to enhance use of wild Cicer species for chickpea improvement through synchronization of flowering facilitating hybridization. Also, it would improve the regeneration efficiency of wild Cicer species by genebanks and offer convenient alternate methods for rapid generation turnover.
Cold‐Tolerance of Miscanthus Seedlings and Effects of Spring and Autumn Frosts on Mature Clonally Replicated Cultivars
Authors: Kaiser Christopher M. , Sacks Erik J. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTMiscanthus is a genus of perennial, warm season grasses that is a leading candidate for biomass production in temperate environments. Relative to other C4 grasses, some Miscanthus genotypes have exceptionally efficient photosynthesis at low temperatures. Typically planted at about the same time as maize (Zea mays L.), it is unknown if earlier planting of Miscanthus would be possible or even preferable. Moreover, little is known about the response of Miscanthus to frosts. The aim of this study was to determine low temperature thresholds for damage and death of Miscanthus seedlings in a controlled environment chamber, quantify the effect of early planting dates for Miscanthus seedlings in the field on survival, growth, and yield, and assess genotypic differences for spring and autumn frost tolerance for field plantings of established clonal materials. We observed that Miscanthus seedlings and mature plants had exceptional cold tolerance for a C4 grass. In a controlled environment chamber, 29 to 65% of seedlings in four Miscanthus populations subjected to a 12 h cold treatment at −10°C survived, whereas none of the maize seedlings survived a 1°C treatment. In the field, all Miscanthus seedling populations tested had ≥66% survival in 2011 and 2012, despite light freezes associated with planting in mid‐March at Urbana, IL. The standard for biomass production, M. ×giganteus J. M. Greef & Deuter ex Hodk. & Renvoize, had low frost tolerance relative to other genotypes, indicating potential for genetic improvement.
Maxillary canine–first premolar bilateral transposition in a Class III patient: A case report
Authors: Potrubacz Maciej Iancu , Tepedino Michele , Chimenti Claudio 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT
Tooth transposition is a rare dental anomaly that often represents a challenge for the clinician. The case of a girl with skeletal Class III malocclusion and concomitant maxillary canine–first premolar bilateral transposition, followed from 7 to 17 years of age, is presented. After a first phase of treatment aimed at resolving the Class III malocclusion, the transposition was maintained and the case finalized with a multibracket appliance.
Puerperal Sepsis and its Cause in Patan Hospital
Authors: Pradhan B , Duwal SS , Singh A , Bhandary S , RC L , Shrestha R 
Published: August 2015

Aims: This study was done to find out morbidity related with puerperal pyrexia/sepsis and its risk factors. Methods: This was retrospective study conducted from January 2011 to December 2012 at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Patan Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. All women who delivered in this hospital within 42 days of delivery with puerperal pyrexia/sepsis diagnosed on clinical examination and relevant investigations were included in the study. Women with malaria, typhoid fever and ??other fever were excluded. The data was recorded in predesigned proforma and analyzed. Results: During this period, there were 122 cases of puerperal pyrexia. Puerperal pyrexia accounted for 6.28% of 1945 admissions. Most of the women were aged between 20-29 years, primiparous and booked cases with absent membranes. The causes of puerperal pyrexia in our study were urinary tract infection (47.5%), wound infection (20.5%), endometritis (19.7%) retained product of conception (8.2%), pyoperitoneum (2.5%) and septicemia (1.6%). Conclusions: Puerperal pyrexia/sepsis is one of the causes of preventable maternal morbidity and mortality though in our study it was not proved to be very high in number. Optimal aseptic measures during labour can prevent most of the cases.
An Insight to Burn Related Maternal Morbidity and Mortality in Pregnancy
Authors: Rijal H , Rana A , Chalise G 
Published: August 2015

Aims: The aim of this study is to study morbidity and mortality of burn cases during pregnancy and postpartum period. Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital from April 1998 to July 2014. The data were retrieved from the records in burn ward, intensive care unit and emergency unit. Pregnant women with burn were studied for the nature, degree and the percentage of burn in relation to pregnancy outcome and mortality. Results: There were 32 cases of burn patients with pregnancy. The most common source of burn was kerosene-induced flame (23) followed by domestic firewood (7), boiling water (1) and lightening (1).There were 25 cases of accidental burn and seven were suicidal burn. The age of the patients was ?19 years in 7, 20-24 in 13, 25-29 in 6 and 30-34 in 6 patients. Except for two cases of postpartum burn , all the others occurred during pregnancy between 6-40 gestational week{<12weeks =5, 13-27 weeks =10, 28-36 weeks=4, 37-42 weeks =6 and unknown =7}. There was only one cesarean and three vaginal births and most resulting in stillbirth owing to higher percentage of burn above second degrees. The percentage of burn was <30% in 13, 30- 39% in 3, 40-59 % in 6, 60-69% in 5 and 70-90% in 2 patients. There were nine mortality (28.1%) in women above 30% burn. Conclusions: The most common cause of burn in pregnancy was flame burn. Pregnant women need to be cautioned against flame burn and avoid using kerosene cooking stove to prevent themselves from burn, genuinely necessary steps to be propagated by all healthcare providers and also at the same time counseling against suicide to be done.
Pregnancy Related Acute Kidney Injury at a Tertiary Care Center in Nepal
Authors: Paudyal P , Pradhan N , Bista KDB , Rawal S 
Published: August 2015

Aims: This was performed to study the characteristics of Pregnancy Related Acute Kidney Injury (PRAKI), its management and outcome in patients at a tertiary level referral centre. Methods: A hospital based prospective observational study was conducted in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH) over a period of 18 months. All patients diagnosed with PRAKI were included in the study. Patient profiles in terms of age, parity, gestational age were studied along with time of occurrence of PRAKI, preceding event, etiology, management and maternal outcome. Descriptive and univariate analyses were conducted and qualitative variables were expressed as percentages while quantitative variables as means. Results: There were fifteen cases of PRAKI during the study period with incidence of 2.1 per 1000 deliveries. The average age was 25.23± 3.8 years and 9(60%) were primipara. Fourteen (93.3%) developed PRAKI in the postpartum period with 10(66.6%) cases following Lower Segment Caesarian Section (LSCS). The commonest etiology of PRAKI was severe preeclampsia/ Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low Platelet (HELLP) syndrome and pregnancy hemorrhages each consisting 4(26.6%) cases. The stage of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) according to RIFLE (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, ESRD-End Stage Renal Disease) criteria was as follows: risk in 1(6.6%), injury in 3(20%) and failure in 11(73.3%) cases. Hemodialysis was necessary in 12(80%) cases while 3 cases (20%) improved with medical management only. The average duration of hospital stay was 25.2±14.7 days and 7(46.6%) needed ICU admission. Twelve (80%) cases recovered completely while two patients were dialysis dependent at the time of evaluation. There was one death. Conclusions: PRAKI occurred mainly in the postpartum period with severe preeclampsia/HELLP syndrome and hemorrhages as the most common causes. It is associated with high maternal morbidity, prolonged hospital stay and even mortality. Multidisciplinary team management is essential.
Comparison of Oral Misoprostol with Intramuscular Oxytocin in the Active Management of Third Stage of Labour
Authors: Kaudel S , Rana A , Ojha N 
Published: August 2015

Aims: This study aimed at comparing the efficacy of oral misoprostol 600 mcg with intramuscular oxytocin 10 IU in the active management of third stage of labour. Methods: This prospective comparative study was performed in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital to compare the efficacy of oral misoprostol with intramuscular oxytocin in the third stage of labour for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage. One hundred and twenty women without risk of PPH were randomly allocated to receive either 600 mcg misoprostol orally (Group A) or 10 unit of oxytocin intramuscularly (Group B) within 1 minute of delivery. The efficacy and the safety of these two drugs were analyzed on the basis of percentages fall in hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) level from before delivery to 8 completed hours after delivery, need for additional uterotonic agents, need for exploration and uterine evacuation, need for blood transfusion, duration of third stage of labour and the numbers of retained placenta and need for MRP. Results: Oral misoprostol was observed to be equally effective as intramuscular oxytocin in prevention of post-partum hemorrhage (PPH). There was no statistical difference in the duration of third stage of labour, need for additional uterotonics, need for uterine exploration/evacuation and need for blood transfusion in the two groups. Conclusions: Routine use of oral misoprostol 600 mcg appears to be as effective as 10 IU intramuscular oxytocin in minimizing blood loss during the third stage of labour.
Awareness and Knowledge of Recommendations from Canada's Food Guide
Authors: Vanderlee Lana , McCrory Cassondra , Hammond David 
Published: August 2015

Purpose: To examine use and content knowledge of Canada's Food Guide recommendations. Methods: A total of 1048 intercept exit surveys were conducted with adults who had purchased food that day at 2 hospital cafeterias in Ottawa, Ontario. Results: Most respondents (85.9%) reported looking at Canada's Food Guide over their lifetime; however, less than half reported looking at the food guide in the past year. Milk and Alternatives were the most commonly recalled food group (80.1%) and Grain Products were least commonly recalled (66.0%). Of the entire sample, 42.8% correctly recalled all 4 food groups. Overall, 0.8% correctly recalled the correct number of servings for all 4 food groups. Females, younger respondents, white respondents, respondents with higher annual income, and respondents who had reported looking at Canada's Food Guide recalled more food groups (P < 0.05 for all). Conclusions: Despite high levels of awareness, the study found relatively low levels of reported use and very low levels of knowledge of Canada's Food Guide, particularly among population subgroups that face health disparities. Improving awareness, knowledge, and use of Canada's Food Guide may contribute to improving the nutrition profile of Canadians.