bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Religion, postmodernism and postmodern scholarship in Africa
Authors: Adetolu JO 
Published: January 2015

There is a somewhat agreement among the world academia and intellectuals that the world has moved beyond the stipulated margins of modernism into what is called the postmodern era. Consequently, postmodernism as a school of thought has become a subject of scholastic discourse among its protagonists and antagonists. What is done in this paper is an appraisal of postmodernism in a broader sense and specifically postmodern scholarship in the discipline of Religious Studies in Africa. The paper is divided into three sections: The first section examines the postmodernism project; the second focuses on the spirit of postmodernism within the academic study of religion with special interest in Africa, while the third section concludes the paper by examining some criticisms against postmodernism.Keywords: Postmodernism, Deconstruction, Post-structuralism, Decolonization and Modernism
Scientific progress and postmodern culture: the African experience
Authors: Negedu I 
Published: January 2015

Scientific discourse grew out of various philosophical puzzles raised by human beings from the period of antiquity; and each age always comes with a renewed vigor for development over previous schools of thought with their attendant theories. With the speed of scientific progress and scientific awareness, there is no doubt that scholars from various disciplines fashion out theories to meet with the demands of the scientific spirit. It is this very presence of the scientific society that leads to contest for relevance among various theories/schools of thought. The African situation has been quite unique as the development of science is greeted with the idea that scientific developments have moral boundaries. Critically looking at development in science and how it has tailored our outlook in contemporary times, we opine that scientific investigations into phenomena make philosophical debates more relevant in our modern world.Keywords: Science, Scientific Progress, Post Modernity, Dialectic, Culture, African Experience.
Endogenous Histoplasma Capsulatum Endophthalmitis in An Immunocompetent Patient
Authors: Schlaen Ariel , Ingolotti Mariana , Couto Cristobal , Jacob Nestor , Pineda Gloria , Saravia Mario 
Published: January 2015

Purpose To report on a case of Histoplasma capsulatum endogenous endophthalmitis in an immunocompetent patient. Methods A 30-year-old patient was admitted with floaters and vision impairment of 1 month's duration. He had a history of adrenal insufficiency, together with nasal, septum, and soft palate lesions of 3 months; duration. Culture results from specimens of these lesions were positive for H capsulatum. He was human immunodeficiency virus negative and there was no evidence of immunodepression or history of immunosuppression. Fundus examination revealed multiple fluffy balls with a string of pearls appearance, 2+ vitreous haze, multiple foci of retinochoroiditis inferiorly in the peripheral retina, and a 6-disk area lesion of retinochoroiditis at the superotemporal periphery. Due to poor response to oral itraconazole, a vitrectomy was performed with an intraocular injection of amphotericin B 5 μg/0.1 mL and removal for a vitreous specimen for culture of bacteria and fungi. Results Vitreous specimen culture of the yeast at 28°C grew a white filamentous fungus colony, which was again cultured in a brain heart infusion agar medium, where it developed hyaline septate hyphae with microconidia and circular macroconidia with double wall, which was stained with a lactophenol dye at microscopic examination. The macroscopic morphology was consistent with H capsulatum. Conclusions Although endogenous H capsulatum endophthalmitis is a rare entity, it should be considered as a possible etiology even in apparently immunocompetent hosts, especially in patients with history of disseminated disease.
Eye Neoplasms Research: A Bibliometric Analysis from 1966 to 2012
Authors: Boudry Christophe , Mouriaux Fréderic 
Published: January 2015

Purpose To calculate the growth rate of the biomedical literature on eye neoplasms and to assess which journals, countries, and continents are the most productive. Methods PubMed was used to search for articles published from 1966 to 2012. Total number of articles per year was fitted to a linear equation as well as an exponential curve. To identify the core journals and predict the number of journals containing articles related to eye neoplasms, Bradford's law was applied. For each country and each continent, the gross domestic product (GDP) index (publications per $1 billion USD of GDP) and the population index (publications per million inhabitants) were calculated. Results A total of 27,943 references were retrieved. The growth in the number of publications showed a linear increase with a yearly average growth rate of 2.08%, which was lower than for the whole PubMed database (3.59%). Using Bradford's law, 17 core journals were identified, among which 2 journals produced more than 1000 articles (JAMA Ophthalmology and American Journal of Ophthalmology). Europe was the most productive continent, followed by North America and Asia. The United States was by far the predominant country in number of publications, followed by Germany and the United Kingdom. However, population and GDP indexes showed that absolute production did not reflect the production per capita or economic efficiency. Conclusions This bibliometric study provides data contributing to a better understanding of the eye neoplasm research field.
Proactive Surveillance Approach to Guarantee a Functional Arteriovenous Fistula at First Dialysis is Worth
Authors: Mufty Hozan , Claes Kathleen , Heye Sam , Fourneau Inge 
Published: January 2015

Purpose To evaluate the impact of a proactive surveillance program on functional access rate at the time of first dialysis. Methods In January 2010, a proactive surveillance program to intercept failures to mature was set up at the University Hospitals Leuven. Patients receiving an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) for pre-dialysis end-stage renal disease between January 2010 and May 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The primary end-point was a functional AVF at first dialysis. Also, AVF- associated complications and reinterventions were analyzed. Furthermore, primary, assisted primary and secondary patency rates were estimated using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Results One hundred sixty-four patients were included in the study. Patients were followed until first dialysis. Median follow-up time was 287 days (interquartile range, 108-551 days). During follow-up, 40 patients (24.4%) needed one or more additional interventions, resulting in 60 reinterventions. Ten patients needed dialysis within the minimal accepted maturation period of the AVF (4 weeks). Of the 154 patients who could await the maturation period of the AVF, 145 (94.2%) appeared ready for use at the time of dialysis or at the end of the study period. In 34 of them (22%), this was thanks to one or more interventions during follow-up. Conclusions A dedicated surveillance program of patients with AVFs in the pre-dialysis stadium detects failure to mature. Close coaching and proactive intervention can aid the patient in his own “fistula first” project.
Factors that Predict Increased Catheter Tip Movement in Left Internal Jugular Vein Implantable Venous Access Ports upon Standing
Authors: Wallace Joshua A. , Afonso Esteban , Yu Hyeon , Birchard Katherine , Isaacson Ari 
Published: January 2015

Purpose To determine the characteristics that predict catheter tip movement with positional changes in patients with left-sided, internal jugular vein (IJV) implantable venous access ports. Methods A retrospective review revealed 264 patients with left IJV ports placed at one academic institution from 2008 to 2013 with follow-up upright chest radiographs. Demographic information was recorded and anatomic measurements were made on both procedural fluoroscopic imaging and upright chest radiographs. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to determine which factors had statistically significant relationships with catheter tip movement distance. Results Mean catheter tip movement was 1.49 ± 1.97 cm. There was a statistically significant positive relationship between catheter tip movement distance and age (p = 0.03), body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.02), innominate vein angle (p<0.01) and dual- compared to single-lumen ports (p = 0.02). Port pocket location, venous access site and gender did not demonstrate statistical significance. Conclusions The factors associated with increased positional catheter tip movement for left IJV ports include patient age, BMI, innominate vein angle and dual- vs single-lumen port. This information can be useful in determining initial placement position and avoiding complications associated with catheter malposition.
I Congreso de Jóvenes Investigadores del Mundo Antiguo de la Universidad de Murcia.
Authors: Conesa Navarro Pedro David 
Published: January 2015

Entre los días 26 y 29 de marzo del año 2013 en la Facultad de Letras de la Universidad de Murcia, tuvo lugar el I Congreso Internacional de Jóvenes Investigadores del Mundo Antiguo organizado por el Centro de Estudios del Próximo Oriente y la Antigüedad Tardía (CEPOAT) de dicha Universidad. Como centro de estudios que está al servicio de la comunidad científica, uno de sus principales retos es la difusión del mundo antiguo en todos sus aspectos (historia, arqueología, filología, derecho, antropología, didáctica…) a todo interesado en el campo de la Antigüedad.
Entre los días 26 y 29 de marzo del año 2013 en la Facultad de Letras de la Universidad de Murcia, tuvo lugar el I Congreso Internacional de Jóvenes Investigadores del Mundo Antiguo organizado por el Centro de Estudios del Próximo Oriente y la Antigüedad Tardía (CEPOAT) de dicha Universidad. Como centro de estudios que está al servicio de la comunidad científica, uno de sus principales retos es la difusión del mundo antiguo en todos sus aspectos (historia, arqueología, filología, derecho, antropología, didáctica…) a todo interesado en el campo de la Antigüedad.
La sociedad hiperbórea: ¿utopía o mito? Reflexiones acerca de la naturaleza y significado del relato hiperbóreo.
Authors: Castillo Lozano José Ángel 
Published: January 2015

En este artículo trataré los elementos que conforman el relato de los hiperbóreos presente en las fuentes antiguas. Estos elementos los podemos clasificar en dos grandes grupos: los elementos utópicos y los elementos míticos. A través del análisis de estos elementos, intentaremos averiguar exactamente cuál es la naturaleza de este relato y el sitio que ocupa en el imaginario colectivo del griego de la Antigüedad.
Throughout this article I will deal with the elements conforming the story of the Hyperboreans, present in ancient sources. We can split these elements into two big groups in order to arrange them: there are utopian elements and mythical elements. By analysing them, we will try to figure out which is the precise nature of this story, as well as the place where it belongs inside the collective imaginary of Ancient Greek
Orthogonal projection of points in CAD/CAM applications: an overview
Authors: Ko Kwanghee , Sakkalis Takis 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This paper aims to review methods for computing orthogonal projection of points onto curves and surfaces, which are given in implicit or parametric form or as point clouds. Special emphasis is place on orthogonal projection onto conics along with reviews on orthogonal projection of points onto curves and surfaces in implicit and parametric form. Except for conics, computation methods are classified into two groups based on the core approaches: iterative and subdivision based. An extension of orthogonal projection of points to orthogonal projection of curves onto surfaces is briefly explored. Next, the discussion continues toward orthogonal projection of points onto point clouds, which spawns a different branch of algorithms in the context of orthogonal projection. The paper concludes with comments on guidance for an appropriate choice of methods for various applications.
Characterization of machining quality attributes based on spindle probe, coordinate measuring machine, and surface roughness data
Authors: Tseng Tzu-Liang Bill , Kwon Yongjin James 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This study investigates the effects of machining parameters as they relate to the quality characteristics of machined features. Two most important quality characteristics are set as the dimensional accuracy and the surface roughness. Before any newly acquired machine tool is put to use for production, it is important to test the machine in a systematic way to find out how different parameter settings affect machining quality. The empirical verification was made by conducting a Design of Experiment (DOE) with 3 levels and 3 factors on a state-of-the-art Cincinnati Hawk Arrow 750 Vertical Machining Center (VMC). Data analysis revealed that the significant factor was the Hardness of the material and the significant interaction effect was the Hardness + Feed for dimensional accuracy, while the significant factor was Speed for surface roughness. Since the equally important thing is the capability of the instruments from which the quality characteristics are being measured, a comparison was made between the VMC touch probe readings and the measurements from a Mitutoyo coordinate measuring machine (CMM) on bore diameters. A machine mounted touch probe has gained a wide acceptance in recent years, as it is more suitable for the modern manufacturing environment. The data vindicated that the VMC touch probe has the capability that is suitable for the production environment. The test results can be incorporated in the process plan to help maintain the machining quality in the subsequent runs.
A comparison of three design tree based search algorithms for the detection of engineering parts constructed with CATIA V5 in large databases
Authors: Roj Robin 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This paper presents three different search engines for the detection of CAD-parts in large databases. The analysis of the contained information is performed by the export of the data that is stored in the structure trees of the CAD-models. A preparation program generates one XML-file for every model, which in addition to including the data of the structure tree, also owns certain physical properties of each part. The first search engine is specializes in the discovery of standard parts, like screws or washers. The second program uses certain user input as search parameters, and therefore has the ability to perform personalized queries. The third one compares one given reference part with all parts in the database, and locates files that are identical, or similar to, the reference part. All approaches run automatically, and have the analysis of the structure tree in common. Files constructed with CATIA V5, and search engines written with Python have been used for the implementation. The paper also includes a short comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of each program, as well as a performance test.
Development of a simulation method for the subsea production system
Authors: Woo Jong Hun , Nam Jong Ho , Ko Kwang Hee 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The failure of a subsea production plant could induce fatal hazards and enormous loss to human lives, environments, and properties. Thus, for securing integrated design safety, core source technologies include subsea system integration that has high safety and reliability and a technique for the subsea flow assurance of subsea production plant and subsea pipeline network fluids. The evaluation of subsea flow assurance needs to be performed considering the performance of a subsea production plant, reservoir production characteristics, and the flow characteristics of multiphase fluids. A subsea production plant is installed in the deep sea, and thus is exposed to a high-pressure/low-temperature environment. Accordingly, hydrates could be formed inside a subsea production plant or within a subsea pipeline network. These hydrates could induce serious damages by blocking the flow of subsea fluids. In this study, a simulation technology, which can visualize the system configuration of subsea production processes and can simulate stable flow of fluids, was introduced. Most existing subsea simulations have performed the analysis of dynamic behaviors for the installation of subsea facilities or the flow analysis of multiphase flow within pipes. The above studies occupy extensive research areas of the subsea field. In this study, with the goal of simulating the configuration of an entire deep sea production system compared to existing studies, a DES-based simulation technology, which can logically simulate oil production processes in the deep sea, was analyzed, and an implementation example of a simplified case was introduced.
Regulation of Redfield ratios in the deep ocean
Authors: Auguères Anne‐Sophie , Loreau Michel 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBiotic regulation of the environment at global scales has been debated for several decades. An example is the similarity between deep‐ocean and phytoplankton mean N:P ratios. N and P cycles are heavily altered by human activities, mainly through an increase in nutrient supply to the upper ocean. As phytoplankton only access nutrients in the upper ocean, it is critical to understand (1) to what extent phytoplankton are able to regulate N and P concentrations as well as their ratio in the deep, inaccessible layer and (2) what mechanisms control the value of the deepwater N:P ratio and the efficiency of its biotic regulation. With a model of N and P cycles in the global ocean separated in two layers, we show that the value of the deepwater N:P ratio is determined by nonfixer's N:P ratio, recycling, and denitrification. Our model predicts that although phytoplankton cannot efficiently regulate deep nutrient pools, they can maintain nearly constant ratios between nutrients because compensatory dynamics between nonfixers and nitrogen fixers allows a control of deepwater chemistry through nutrient recycling. This mechanism could explain the near constancy of the deepwater N:P ratio, in agreement with Redfield's (1934, 1958) classical hypothesis. Surprisingly, N:P ratio of phytoplankton does not affect their ability to regulate the deepwater N:P ratio. Our model suggests that increased water column stratification as a result of global climate change may decrease the stability of the N:P ratio in the deep ocean over long temporal and spatial scales.
Importance and origin of halosteric contribution to sea level change in the southeast Indian Ocean during 2005–2013
Authors: Llovel William , Lee Tong 
Published: January 2015

AbstractSteric sea level change has been identified as one of the major contributors to the regional variability of sea level trends observed by satellite altimetry for the past two decades. This contribution varies in space and time. The temperature (thermosteric) contribution to sea level has generally been found to be more important than the salinity (halosteric) effect. Based on sea level measurements from satellite altimetry and temperature and salinity data from Argo floats during 2005–2013, we found that the southeast Indian Ocean experiences a large halosteric contribution to sea level change. The conspicuously large halosteric contribution is associated with a freshening in the upper 300 m. Neither local atmospheric forcing such as Ekman pumping and E − P nor halosteric signal transmitted from the western tropical Pacific can explain this freshening. An enhanced precipitation in the Maritime Continent region and the observed strengthening of the Indonesian throughflow are the likely causes.
Base‐Promoted Coupling of Carbon Dioxide, Amines, and N‐Tosylhydrazones: A Novel and Versatile Approach to Carbamates
Authors: Xiong Wenfang , Qi Chaorong , He Haitao , Ouyang Lu , Zhang Min , Jiang Huanfeng 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA base‐promoted three‐component coupling of carbon dioxide, amines, and N‐tosylhydrazones has been developed. The reaction is suggested to proceed via a carbocation intermediate and constitutes an efficient and versatile approach for the synthesis of a wide range of organic carbamates. The advantages of this method include the use of readily available substrates, excellent functional group tolerance, wide substrate scope, and a facile work‐up procedure.
Freeze‐drying method preparedUHMWPE/CNTs composites with optimized micromorphologies and improved tribological performance
Authors: Fang Jie , Dong Liubing , Dong Wei , Chiang Sum Wai , Makimattila Simo , Du Hongda , Li Jia , Kang Feiyu 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTUniformly dispersed carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composites were successfully prepared by freeze‐drying method. Specifically, polymer powders were mixed with CNT aqueous paste, and then freeze‐dried. As a consequence, CNTs covered at the surface of UHMWPE powders evenly when CNT content was not very high, which improved the quantity of crystals and crystallinity of UHMWPE/CNTs composites by providing more nucleation sites during the upcoming compression‐molded process. Furthermore, optimized dispersion state of CNTs and concomitant higher crystallinity made freeze‐drying technique prepared composites display much lower wear rate when compared with pure UHMWPE and UHMWPE/CNTs composites fabricated by common heat‐drying method. In a word, our proposed method of freeze‐drying is simple and effective for mass production of UHMWPE/CNTs composites, and it is promising to be applied to fabricate many kinds of nanofillers modified polymer composites, for example, polymer/graphene material. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2015,132, 41885.
Migration resistant glucose esters as bioplasticizers for polylactide
Authors: Yang Xi , Hakkarainen Minna 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTEnvironmental and sustainability issues have catalyzed efforts to replace traditional polymer additives with biobased alternatives. Glucose pentaacetate (GPA) and sucrose octaacetate (SOA) as model commercial saccharide esters and three synthesized glucose hexanoate esters (GHs) were evaluated as bioplasticizers for polylactide (PLA). For the GHs different reaction times were utilized to reach plasticizers with different number of hexanoate groups to establish how the degree of substitution influences miscibility and migration resistance of the plasticizers. The synthesized GHs, GPA, and SOA all showed good miscibility with PLA. Largest improvements in strain at break were observed for the PLA films containing GH plasticizers. These films also exhibited simultaneous increase in stress at break as compared to plain PLA. The GH plasticizers had low tendency to migrate during aging in water and this migration resistance increased with increasing degree of substitution. The GHs are, thus, promising plasticizer alternatives for bioplastics as they also retain the biodegradable nature of these biobased materials. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41928.