bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inattentive Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Stimulant Medication, and Weight Loss in a 15-Year-Old Girl: Are We Enabling the Development of an Eating Disorder?
Authors: Iyer Sai , Kumar Maya , Reiff Michael I. , Stein Martin T. 
Published: September 2015

CASE: Nicole is a 15-year-old girl presenting to the Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics Clinic with symptoms of the inattentive type of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and declining school performance over the last year. She expressed frustration over her inability to concentrate on schoolwork. Assuming that her poor grades were secondary to lack of effort, her parents withdrew privileges. Nicole became increasingly depressed. She stopped participating in activities, she previously enjoyed, and her parents reported that she stopped singing in the shower. After talking to a cousin with ADHD, Nicole concluded that she had ADHD as well. She asked her parents to arrange for an evaluation.
Nicole met DSM-5 criteria for the diagnosis of inattentive ADHD and was started on a stimulant medication (mixed amphetamine salts). She had symptoms of a coexisting depression, although she did not meet criteria for diagnosis of a depressive disorder. At a 3-week follow-up visit, she showed improvement in targeted ADHD symptoms; homework was now easier and her grades improved. At a 2-month follow-up, Nicole's weight dropped from 53 kg (47th percentile) prestimulant treatment to 49 kg (31st percentile). She reported appetite suppression after taking the stimulant but did not feel that her eating habits had changed significantly. Her father reported that she had a preference for junk food and snacks. Nicole did not enjoy exercising and did not participate in extracurricular sports.
She weighed herself several times a day, as she was worried about losing too much weight. Nicole's mood continued to be low, despite the fact that her grades improved, and her parents were more understanding of her challenges. She was otherwise healthy and reported regular menstrual cycles. Nicole requested an increase in the dose of stimulant medication for greater improvement in concentration during homework and in school.
Her pediatric clinician was concerned about the possibility of an eating disorder in addition to depression. She asked herself, “Are we treating inattentive ADHD effectively or are we enabling an eating disorder?”
Follow‐up in Childhood Functional Constipation
Authors: Modin Line , Walsted Anne‐Mette , Rittig Charlotte S. , Hansen Anne V. , Jakobsen Marianne S. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTObjectives:Guidelines recommend close follow‐up during the treatment of childhood functional constipation. Only sparse evidence exists on how follow‐up is best implemented. Our aim was to evaluate whether follow‐up by phone or self‐management through Web‐based information improved treatment outcomes.Methods:In this randomized controlled trial, conducted in secondary care, 235 children, ages 2 to 16 years, who fulfilled the Rome III criteria of childhood constipation, were assigned to 1 of the 3 follow‐up regimens: control group (no scheduled contact), phone group (2 scheduled phone contacts), and Web group (access to Web‐based information). Primary outcome: number of successfully treated children after 3, 6, and 12 months. Secondary outcomes: phone contacts, relapse, fecal incontinence, and laxative use.Results:After 3 and 6 months, significantly more children in the Web group (79.7%/75.9%) were successfully treated compared with the control and phone groups (59.7%/63.6% and 63.3%/64.6%) (P = 0.007/P = 0.03). No difference was found after 12 months (control, 72.7%; phone, 68.4%; Web group, 78.5%; P = 0.40). Extra phone consultations were significantly more frequent in the Web group (44.3%) compared with the control group (28.6%) (P = 0.04). Before 3 months, 45.5% of phone consultations were completed in the Web group versus 28.8% and 25.8% in the control and phone groups (P = 0.05/P = 0.02). Relapses, fecal incontinence, and laxative use were not different between interventions.Conclusions:Improved self‐management behavior caused by access to self‐motivated Web‐based information induced faster short‐term recovery during the treatment of functional constipation. Patient empowerment rather than health care–promoted follow‐up may be a step toward more effective treatment for childhood constipation.
Unexpected consequences of a drier world: evidence that delay in late summer rains biases the population sex ratio of an insect
Authors: Bonal Raul , Hernández Marisa , Espelta Josep M. , Muñoz Alberto , Aparicio José M. 
Published: September 2015

The complexity of animal life histories makes it difficult to predict the consequences of climate change on their populations. In this paper, we show, for the first time, that longer summer drought episodes, such as those predicted for the dry Mediterranean region under climate change, may bias insect population sex ratio. Many Mediterranean organisms, like the weevil
Curculio elephas
, become active again after summer drought. This insect depends on late summer rainfall to soften the soil and allow adult emergence from their underground refuges. We found that, as in many protandric species, more
C. elephas
females emerged later in the season. Male emergence timing was on average earlier and also more dependent on the beginning of late summer rainfall. When these rains were delayed, the observed weevil sex ratio was biased towards females. So far, the effects of global warming on animal sex ratios has been reported for temperature-dependent sex determination in reptiles. Our results show that rainfall timing can also bias the sex ratio in an insect, and highlight the need for keeping a phenological perspective to predict the consequences of climate change. We must consider not just the magnitude of the predicted changes in temperature and rainfall but also the effects of their timing.
Boundary of the set of separable states
Authors: Chen Lin , Ðoković Dragomir Ž 
Published: September 2015

Motivated by the separability problem in quantum systems 2⊗4, 3⊗3 and 2⊗2⊗2, we study the maximal (proper) faces of the convex body,

S

1

, of normalized separable states in an arbitrary quantum system with finite-dimensional Hilbert space

H

=

H

1

⊗

H

2

⊗
⋯
⊗

H

n

. To any subspace

V
⊆

H

, we associate a face
F

V

of

S

1

consisting of all states

ρ
∈

S

1

whose range is contained in
V
. We prove that
F

V

is a maximal face if and only if
V
is a hyperplane. If
V
=|
ψ
〉
⊥
, where |
ψ
〉 is a product vector, we prove that

Dim

F
V

=

d
2

−
1
−
∏
(
2

d
i

−
1
)

, where

d
i

=

Dim

H

i

and

d
=
∏

d
i

. We classify the maximal faces of

S

1

in the cases 2⊗2 and 2⊗3. In particular, we show that the minimum and the maximum dimension of maximal faces is 6 and 8 for 2⊗2, and 20 and 24 for 2⊗3. The boundary,

∂

S

1

, of

S

1

is the union of all maximal faces. When
d
>6, it is easy to show that there exist full states on

∂

S

1

, i.e. states

ρ
∈
∂

S

1

such that all partial transposes of
ρ
(including
ρ
itself) have rank
d
. Ha and Kye have recently constructed explicit such states in 2⊗4 and 3⊗3. In the latter case, they have also constructed a remarkable family of faces, depending on a real parameter
b
>0,
b
≠1. Each face in the family is a nine-dimensional simplex, and any interior point of the face is a full state. We construct suitable optimal entanglement witnesses for these faces and analyse the three limiting cases

b
=
0
,
1
,
∞

.
Leadership and corporate responsibility: a review of the empirical evidence
Authors: Mazutis Daina , Zintel Christopher 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to consolidate the state of the empirical research to date on the relationship between leadership and corporate responsibility.Design/methodology/approach– The authors conduct a comprehensive, systematic and narrative review of all published quantitative studies that have examined the link between leadership and corporate responsibility broadly defined, and the authors put forward an integrative model encapsulating current knowledge in this domain.Findings– The authors not only identify validated direct, indirect and moderating effects of leadership on corporate responsibility but also point to gaps in the literature that imply important directions for further research.Originality/value– The authors aim to make the following contributions to both the leadership and the corporate responsibility literatures. First, the systematic and narrative review in and of itself provides an important consolidation of existing knowledge in both domains. Second, the authors confirm that the preponderance of empirical evidence supports that leadership matters to corporate responsibility efforts in organizations. Lastly, the review provides a comprehensive model of the relationship between leadership and corporate responsibility that has important implications for future research and theory building in this field.
Institutional shareholder engagement with Japanese firms
Authors: Clark Gordon L. , McGill Sarah , Saito Yukie , Viehs Michael 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore how shareholder engagement on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues is informally exercised by a large global institutional investor with locally embedded, geographically remote firms. This field is still a new area of research due to a scarcity of data, and because ordinarily, private engagement activities are conducted confidentially. Therefore, the paper aims to fill this gap in the literature by studying the private corporate engagement activities of a large UK-based institutional investor on ESG issues with Japanese investee firms in order to achieve a greater understanding of the under-researched area of corporate social responsibility.Design/methodology/approach– The authors employ a multi-method approach to analyse engagement activities by the institutional investor. The authors have obtained a unique data set of the institutional investor’s engagement activities. The institutional investor is UK-based, has a long history of active engagement, and is considered one of the oldest and largest specialists in responsible investment. Further, the authors have conducted several in-depth interviews with a UK-based ESG service provider as well as one of the largest Japanese trust companies.Findings– First, it is found that main target firms of engagement activities are large firms with global operations, and that corporate governance issues are the most important engagement topic in Japan. Second, in trying to effectively exercise voice across societies, engagement activities are conducted with geographically remote target firms on various ESG agendas in a self-enforcing, face-to-face, and sometimes collective manner. Finally, this study argues for the gap between the asset manager’s motivation to engage and local target firms’ readiness to respond due to corporate organisational and language issues.Originality/value– The authors contribute to social responsibility literature by focusing on the role of global investors in Japan to diffuse global standards. This area has been largely neglected in this stream of literature, despite the increasing presence of foreign investors in Japan. This is one of the first attempts to analyse a global investor’s engagement strategies with one specific country outside of the USA and Europe. Further, within the literature on shareholder engagement, this is the first paper that focuses on the means of engagement activities and the responses by target firms.
Theoretical study of Solospun yarn torque
Authors: Liu Xinjin , Su Xuzhong 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– Solospun technology is one of the most important new spinning methods, which is implemented by dividing Ring spinning triangle into several small primary triangles and one final triangle by a Solospun roller. That is, there are two parts of spinning triangle in the Solospun technology, including primary triangles part and final triangle part. In the general case, the primary triangles are much smaller than final triangle. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to present theoretical study of Solospun yarn torqueby linking the fiber tension in the spinning triangle to yarn torque under the assumption that the primary triangles and the primary twist are ignored.

Design/methodology/approach
– The theoretical model of the residual torque within Solospun yarn due to the fiber tension was given. Then, as an application of the proposed method, 14.6 tex cotton yarns were taken as an example for the numerical simulations. The fiber tension in the Solospun spinning triangles and corresponding yarn torque were simulated numerically by using Matlab software. The relationships between yarn torque and spinning triangle parameters are analyzed according to the simulation results. Furthermore, the properties of spun yarns produced by the Solospun and Ring spinning system are evaluated and analyzed by using the simulation results.

Findings
– It is shown that comparing with the Ring spun yarn, Solospun yarn torque is a little larger. Meanwhile, with an increase of substrand number, the fluctuation of curve of average fiber tension in Solospun system is increased firstly, and then decreased, i.e. showing parabola shape, potentially leading to corresponding change of yarn torque.

Originality/value
– In this paper, theoretical study of Solospun yarn torque is presented by linking the fiber tension in the spinning triangle to yarn torque under the assumption that the primary triangles and the primary twist are ignored. The theoretical model of the residual torque within Solospun yarn due to the fiber tension was given.
Study on textile assemblies with aluminized basalt fabrics destined for protective gloves
Authors: Hrynyk Rafal , Frydrych Iwona 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to check an applicability of aluminized basalt fabrics for production of gloves protecting simultaneously against thermal and mechanical factors.

Design/methodology/approach
– Six variants of protective gloves were manufactured using two different glove constructions: more simple and cheaper with the anatomical thumb arrangement (model A), and more ergonomic one with so called “distance gussets” (model B). Aluminized basalt fabrics were contained in the back side of all variants and in only one variant of palm side. Then the protective properties against thermal and mechanical factors were measured according to the up-to-date standards.

Findings
– The fulfillment of contact heat requirement was achieved for all glove variants at 100°C. Application of aluminized basalt fabrics in the glove back side allowed obtaining the fourth performance level in the case of resistance to small metal splashes and assuring the highest protection against the radiant heat and small metal splashes. Fulfillment of standard requirements for all examined mechanical parameters was achieved and significantly higher values than reqired for the highest performance level were registered.

Research limitations/implications
– The further research including upscalling strategy as well as industrial conditions requirements should be taking into account for basalt textiles development. Moreover functionalization of basalt yarns and fabrics seems to be promising feature.

Practical implications
– The preliminary utility trials were done and registered results are very promising, shows that this kind of gloves will be cheaper than produced so far and could be used in the glass, welder companies.

Social implications
– The basalt textiles applied for protective gloves or other personal protective equipment can ensure safety at work for end users operating in mechanical and thermal risk scenarios.

Originality/value
– Up till now the basalt fabrics have not been recognized as a material for the personal protective equipment, they were used mostly for technical purposes.
Species coexistence in simple microbial communities: unravelling the phenotypic landscape of co‐occurring Metschnikowia species in floral nectar
Authors: Pozo María I. , Herrera Carlos M. , Lachance Marc‐André , Verstrepen Kevin , Lievens Bart , Jacquemyn Hans 
Published: September 2015

SummaryIdentifying the ecological processes that underlie the distribution and abundance of species in microbial communities is a central issue in microbial ecology and evolution. Classical trade‐off based niche theories of resource competition predict that co‐occurrence in microbial communities is more likely when the residing species show trait divergence and complementary resource use. We tested the prediction that niche differentiation explained the co‐occurrence of two yeast species (Metschnikowia reukaufii and M. gruessii) in floral nectar. Assessment of the phenotypic landscape showed that both species displayed a significantly different physiological profile. Comparison of utilization profiles in single versus mixed cultures indicated that these two species did not compete for most carbon and nitrogen sources. In mixed cultures, M. reukaufii grew better in sucrose solutions and in the presence of the antimicrobial compound digitonin than when grown as pure culture. M. gruessii, on the other hand, grew better in mixed cultures in glucose and fructose solutions. Overall, these results provide clear evidence that M. reukaufii and M. gruessii frequently co‐occur in nectar and that they differ in their phenotypic response to variation in environmental conditions, suggesting that niche differentiation and resource partitioning are important mechanisms contributing to species co‐occurrence in nectar yeast communities.
Divinyl chlorophyll a in the marine eukaryotic protist Alexandrium ostenfeldii (Dinophyceae)
Authors: Rodríguez Francisco , Garrido José Luis , Sobrino Cristina , Johnsen Geir , Riobó Pilar , Franco José , Aamot Inga , Ramilo Isabel , Sanz Noelia , Kremp Anke 
Published: September 2015

SummaryHere it is reported the first detection of DV‐chl a together with the usual chl a in the marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium ostenfeldii from the Baltic Sea. Growth response and photosynthetic parameters were examined at two irradiances (80 and 240 μmol photons m−2 s−1) and temperatures (15°C and 19°C) in a divinylic strain (AOTV‐OS20) versus a monovinylic one (AOTV‐OS16), using in vivo chl a fluorescence kinetics of PSII to characterize photosynthetic parameters by pulse amplitude modulated fluorescence, 14C assimilation rates and toxin analyses. The divinylic isolate exhibited slower growth and stronger sensitivity to high irradiance than normal chl a strain. DV‐chl a : chl a ratios decreased along time (from 11.3 to < 0.5 after 10 months) and to restore them sub‐cloning and selection of strains with highest DV‐chl a content was required. A mutation and/or epigenetic changes in the expression of divinyl reductase gene/s in A. ostenfeldii may explain this altered pigment composition. Despite quite severe limitations (reduced fitness and gradual loss of DV‐chl a content), the DV‐chl a‐containing line in A. ostenfeldii could provide a model organism in photosynthetic studies related with chl biosynthesis and evolution.
Use of a telenursing triage service by Victorian parents attending the emergency department for their child's lower urgency condition
Authors: Turbitt Erin , Freed Gary L 
Published: September 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe Victorian Nurse‐On‐Call (NOC) service has been in use for over 8 years, though little research has been conducted investigating the service. The present study aimed to explore whether parents in Victoria presenting with their child to the ED for lower urgency conditions use the NOC before ED arrival and whether the advice given impacts their decision to attend the ED.MethodsA survey study of 1150 parents attending one of four EDs in Victoria, Australia for their child's lower urgency condition.ResultsFew parents (20%) contacted the service before attending. Of those who did contact the service, 70% were instructed to attend the ED. Parents reported that they did not contact the service due to lack of awareness (16%) and because they perceive the service to not be helpful (53%).ConclusionsThe findings of our study show that use and awareness of NOC is low in parents attending the ED for their child's lower urgency condition. The success of NOC in the goal of deferring non‐urgent conditions from presenting to the ED appears limited. Telenursing triage services in Australia should consider assessment of their algorithms to increase the likelihood that where appropriate, lower urgency conditions are directed to primary care services rather than the ED.
APLAR rheumatoid arthritis treatment recommendations
Authors: Lau Chak Sing , Chia Faith , Harrison Andrew , Hsieh Tsu‐Yi , Jain Rahul , Jung Seung Min , Kishimoto Mitsumasa , Kumar Ashok , Leong Khai Pang , Li Zhanguo , Lichauco Juan Javier , Louthrenoo Worawit , Luo Shue‐Fen , Nash Peter , Ng Chin Teck , Park Sung‐Hwan , Suryana Bagus Putu Putra , Suwannalai Parawee , Wijaya Linda Kurniaty , Yamamoto Kazuhiko , Yang Yue , Yeap Swan Sim 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimsRheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects approximately 1% of the world's population. There are a wide number of guidelines and recommendations available to support the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis; however, the evidence used for these guidelines is predominantly based on studies in Caucasian subjects and may not be relevant for rheumatoid arthritis patients in the Asia‐Pacific region. Therefore, the Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology established a Steering Committee in 2013 to address this issue.Materials and methodsThe AGREE II instrument and the ADAPTE Collaboration framework were applied to systematically identify, appraise, synthesize, and adapt international rheumatoid arthritis guidelines for use in the Asia‐Pacific region.ResultsForty rheumatoid arthritis treatment recommendations, based on evidence and expert opinion, were drafted and are presented in this report.ConclusionThe Asia Pacific of Associations for Rheumatology rheumatoid arthritis treatment recommendations are intended to serve as a reference for best practice management of rheumatoid arthritis in Asia‐Pacific, focusing on local issues to ensure the delivery of basic care for these patients, and to improve their outcomes. In addition, the document will serve as a reference for national rheumatology associations in Asia‐Pacific for developing guidelines in their respective countries.