bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Melatonin protects retinal pigment epithelium cells against ferroptosis in AMD via the PI3K/AKT/MDM2/P53 pathway
Authors: Wu Ping , Zhao Long , Du Yong , Lu Jing , He Yuxia , Shu Qinxin , Peng Hui , Wang Xing 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionOxidative stress-prompted degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) notably contributes to the onset of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, the pathways leading to RPE deterioration and possible preventative strategies are not yet completely comprehended.MethodsFerroptosis was assayed through the evaluation of lipid peroxidation (C11-BODIPY and MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), iron content measurement, q-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. To assess the structure and retinal function of RPE in mice, ERG (electroretinography), OCT (optical coherence tomography), and H&amp;E (hematoxylin and eosin) staining were employed. Network pharmacology methods were utilized to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying melatonin's protective effects against ferroptosis in RPE cells in AMD. Genetic engineering techniques were applied to investigate the regulatory relationships among phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase-B (AKT), murine double minute-2 (MDM2), protein 53 (P53), and solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11). In vitro knockdown experiments of MDM2 were conducted to explore its regulatory role in ferroptosis within RPE cells.ResultsAβ1-40 can trigger ferroptosis in RPE cells. Melatonin can inhibit the oxidative stress and ferroptosis induced by Aβ1-40 in RPE cells. Melatonin exhibits a protective effect on Aβ1-40-induced AMD, significantly improving the structure of the mouse retina and RPE layer, and facilitating the restoration of visual function. Network pharmacology methods revealed that the potential targets of melatonin in AMD are closely related to ferroptosis, and indicated that the predominant pathways are significantly associated with the PI3K/AKT/MDM2/P53 signaling pathway. Knocking down the specific expression of MDM2 can significantly weaken the inhibitory effect of melatonin on oxidative stress and ferroptosis.DiscussionMelatonin can suppress cell death by ferroptosis in RPE via the PI3K/AKT/MDM2/P53 pathway, thereby preventing and decelerating the progression of AMD.
A meta-analysis of the effects of strength training on physical fitness in dancers
Authors: Yang Yunqing , Deng Nuannuan , Yang Xinggang 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundPhysical fitness is fundamental for successfully carrying out daily tasks and activities associated with dance. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of strength training on various aspects of physical fitness in dancers.MethodsA comprehensive search of Web of Science Core Collection, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, SCOPUS, Cochrane library, CINAHL, and Embase was conducted until 10 December 2024, supplemented by hand-searches via Google Scholar and reference lists of included studies. Controlled trials that assessed the effects of strength training on at least one physical fitness measure in dancers were selected. Effect sizes (ES, Hedges’ g) were calculated using a random-effects model to compare experimental and control groups. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tools.ResultsA total of 15 studies, involving 351 dancers, met the eligibility criteria. The analyses revealed significant moderate to large effects of strength training on muscle strength (ES = 1.84; 95% CI: 0.90 to 2.77; p &lt; 0.001) and muscle power (ES = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.30 to 0.98; p &lt; 0.001). Non-significant effects (all p &gt; 0.05) were found for body mass (ES = 0.13; 95% CI: −0.32 to 0.58; p = 0.572), body fat percentage (ES = 0.08; 95% CI: −0.04 to 0.61; p = 0.754), cardiorespiratory endurance (ES = 0.28; 95% CI: −0.48 to 1.04; p = 0.469), and flexibility (ES = 0.37; 95% CI: −0.06 to 0.79; p = 0.090).ConclusionThe findings indicate that strength modalities, including resistance training, plyometric training, weight training, and combined programs, positively impact muscle strength and power in dancers. However, future research should explore the effective training parameters (e.g., frequency, session length, intensity, and specificity of strength exercises) necessary to improve not only strength and power but also other components of physical fitness in dancers.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=596550, Identifier CRD42024596550.
Revealing that artificial reproduction promotes increased genetic diversity between generations in Carpinus putoensis
Authors: Li Dingsheng , Gao Kai , Chen Yeping , Gao Haojie , Huang Haiming , Ye Bo , Shi Lei , Yu Haina , Zhao Ying 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionCarpinus putoensis, an endemic species of Putuo Island in the Zhoushan Archipelago, Zhejiang Province, China, is listed as critically endangered (D1) in the 1998 World List of Threatened Trees.MethodsUsing 15 pairs of SSR primers markers, 143 individuals from three population generations were analyzed, generating 193 alleles.Results and DiscussionThe average number of alleles (Na) was 12.9, ranging from 4 to 28, while the average effective number of alleles (Ne) was 4.900, with a range of 1.649 to 11.602. The multilocus outcrossing rate (tm) was 1.000, and the single-locus outcrossing rate (ts) was 0.871, ranging from 0.751 to 0.920 across the families studied. The difference between tm and ts (0.129) and the positive biparental inbreeding coefficients (0.080 to 0.249) indicate the presence of inbreeding. Moreover, an increase in Na and Ne was observed across generations, from 6.400 and 2.838 in the F1 generation to 9.200 and 4.228 in the F3 generation, respectively. These results highlight the need for artificial interventions to increase population size and improve genetic diversity, which are critical factors for the conservation and recovery of C. putoensis.
Support based on psychoeducation intervention to address quality of life and care burden among caregivers of patients with cancer: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mirhosseini Seyedmohammad , Imani Parsa Fateme , Moghadam-Roshtkhar Hasan , Basirinezhad Mohammad Hasan , Ameri Malihe , Ebrahimi Hossein 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionCancer affects not only patients but also their family caregivers, causing increased caregiving burden and reduced quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a psychoeducation intervention on improving the quality of life and reducing caregiving burden among caregivers of cancer patients.MethodsThis study employed a non-blinded randomized controlled trial design involving 66 family caregivers of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in Shahroud, Iran in 2024. Of the 69 caregivers initially approached, one declined to participate, and two were excluded due to lack of smartphone access, leaving a final sample of 66 caregivers. Participants were assigned to either the psychoeducation intervention program or the control group using the quadruple block randomization method. The intervention spanned 3 months and consisted of six online group sessions lasting 35–45 min each. The psychoeducation intervention was delivered by trained psychiatric nurse. Data were collected before and 1 month after the intervention using the SF-36 quality of life questionnaire and the Novak and Guest care burden inventory. Statistical analysis was conducted using chi squared, independent t-tests, and the linear regression analysis with a significance level set at 0.05.ResultsThe primary outcome of this study was the change in caregivers’ quality of life and caregiver burden. Initially, both groups exhibited similar average scores for care burden and quality of life (p &gt; 0.05). The intervention group showed a significant reduction in caregiving burden by 4.1 ± 13.7, whereas the control group experienced a slight increase of 2.5 ± 12.0. Similarly, quality of life scores improved by 4.7 ± 16.9 in the intervention group but declined by 8.6 ± 15.3 in the control group. Regression analysis indicated that the psychoeducation group demonstrated significantly lower caregiving burden scores and higher quality of life scores following the intervention compared to the control group.ConclusionCaregivers of cancer patients often face significant burdens that impact their quality of life. Psychoeducational interventions focusing on coping, problem-solving, and stress management should be integrated into cancer care plans to provide essential support.Clinical trial registrationhttps://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/54613, identifier IRCT20180728040617N3.
Challenges of face identification with varied mask coverage in the post COVID-19 era
Authors: Chen Yi-Lang , Wang Shu-Yu 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionRecent studies have shown that wearing masks can influence face recognition abilities. During the COVID-19 pandemic, people became increasingly familiar with seeing masked faces, leading to a reduced familiarity with fully uncovered faces. With Taiwan now transitioning to a post-COVID-19 phase and the removal of mask mandates, this study investigates how varying levels of mask coverage affect face identification accuracy and response times.MethodsWe examined three levels of mask coverage—full coverage (FC), coverage up to the middle of the nose bridge (MB), and coverage up to the bottom of the nose bridge (BB)—to determine their effects on identification performance. A computer-based simulation was conducted with 100 university students (50 men and 50 women), where participants completed 30 trials (5 trials for each mask coverage level across two target sexes). Each trial presented a masked target face corresponding to one of the three coverage levels, alongside four full-face images. Participants were instructed to choose the image that best matched the masked target face, with an option to select “None” if no match was found.ResultsThe findings indicate that faces with FC were identified both faster and more accurately, while those with MB coverage were the most challenging and time-consuming to recognize, particularly for female targets. The performance with BB coverage was intermediate between the other two levels.ConclusionThis study highlights a notable shift in face identification processes in the aftermath of the pandemic, with FC now leading to quicker and more accurate recognitions, suggesting a significant adaptability in human perceptual mechanisms. These results emphasize the importance of further research into face recognition as we continue to adapt to the pandemic’s lasting effects on social interactions and identity verification.
The relationship between motor competence and executive function as influenced by age, sex, and family socio-economic status
Authors: Ghorbanzadeh Behrouz , Orangi Behzad Mohammadi , Sahin Tolga 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionMotor Competence (MC) plays a fundamental role in physical, cognitive, and social development, while executive function (EF) is a key factor influencing MC. The primary objective of this study was to compare MC across three age groups (children, adolescents, and young adults), sex, and socio-economic status (SES). The main aim was to investigate the relationship between MC and EF and to determine whether age, sex, and SES could modify this relationship.MethodsThis descriptive-correlational study evaluated 475 participants from three age groups (8–11, 12–15, and 18–21 years). MC was measured using the BOT-2 test, and EF was assessed with the Stroop test. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and linear regression analysis.ResultsFindings revealed that MC was higher in children compared to adolescents and young adults, and higher SES was associated with better MC, whereas sex had no significant effect on MC. Additionally, a strong positive relationship (44%) was identified between EF and MC, with this relationship being moderated by age, sex, and SES.DiscussionThe results indicated that MC and EF are influenced by the interaction of individual (age and sex) and environmental (SES) constraints. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating these factors into educational and sports planning for more holistic development.
LncRNA of peripheral blood mononuclear cells: HYMAI acts as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker for female major depressive disorder
Authors: Bu Tianyi , Yang Jiarun , Zhou Jiawei , Liu Yeran , Qiao Kexin , Wang Yan , Zhang Jili , Zhao Erying , Owura Boakye Kwame , Qiu Xiaohui , Qiao Zhengxue , Yang Yanjie 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionAs a common and complex mental disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD) has brought a huge burden and challenges globally. Although the incidence of female MDD is twice that of male MDD, there are still no accurate diagnostic and treatment criteria for female MDD. The potential of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as efficient and accurate diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers provides more possibilities for early and accurate diagnosis of MDD.MethodsFirst, the differential expression profile of lncRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) between MDD patients and healthy controls was established based on high-throughput sequencing analysis. Then, the potential biomarker was screened out by quantifying differentially expressed lncRNAs based on quantitative real-time PCR. To further investigate the function of biomarkers in the pathogenesis of MDD, bioinformatics analysis on downstream target genes was carried out.ResultsThe expression profile screened out 300 differentially expressed lncRNAs. HYMAI was proved to be the potential diagnostic biomarker. Its expression levels were significantly higher in MDD patients than in healthy controls with high potential diagnostic value. Based on bioinformatics analysis, a HYMAI–miRNA–mRNA network and a protein–protein interaction network were established, which also showed that HYMAI is closely related to MDD.DiscussionOur findings showed that the dysregulated expression of lncRNA HYMAI may be the pathophysiological basis of women suffering from MDD. Here, insight into the molecular mechanism of women’s susceptibility to MDD is shown. Meanwhile, a new perspective for future female MDD prevention, diagnosis and treatment, evaluation, detection, and intervention is provided.
Gender differences in ADHD and impulsivity among alcohol or alcohol- and cocaine-dependent patients
Authors: Roncero Carlos , Remón-Gallo Diego , García-Ullán LLanyra , Vicente-Hernández Begoña , Buch-Vicente Barbara , Palma-Álvarez Raul Felipe , Grau-López Lara , González-Bolaños Kristofer Ramon , Álvarez-Navares Ana , Pérez Jésus , Aguilar Lourdes 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundImpulsivity plays a fundamental role in the realm of addiction as is considered a risk factor for addiction. Moreover, it influences the age of onset, severity, and therapeutic management of addictions. The aim of this study was to explore measures of impulsivity in a cohort of male and female diagnosed with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and contrast these findings with those from a group with Alcohol and Cocaine Use Disorder (ACUD).MethodologyA total of 204 patients (153 men and 51 women) underwent evaluation using Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS), Barrat Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire (ZKPQ), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).ResultsA total of 24.6% of the sample (21.9% AUD group and 32.2% ACUD group) screened positive for ADHD. Differences were observed in Total Impulsivity (T(199) =-2.587, p=.010), with the mean score being higher in the ACUD group. Gender differences were noted with ADHD exhibiting a significant explanatory power for impulsivity (greater than 37%) in women compared to men, where its relevance is minimal. Among women, an inverse relationship was found between impulsivity and activity and sociability, in contrast to men, where the inverse relationship was with intolerance to isolation. Both men and women showed associations between ADHD and elevated levels of anxiety and depression. Study limitations and practical implications are discussed.ConclusionsAlthough this is an observational study and should be develop a longitudinal study, we detected that the presence of ADHD in addicted women significantly influences impulsivity and should be systematically assessed due to the differences in the clinical approach.
Barriers to the implementation of psychosocial interventions on acute mental health wards: an ethnographic observational study
Authors: Berry Katherine , Johnston Isobel , Wilson Paul , Haddock Gillian , Bucci Sandra , Lovell Karina , Price Owen , Beinaraviciute Adele , Gilworth Gill , Kaur Sonalia , Morley Helen , Penn Georgina , Raphael Jessica , Samji Mica , Drake Richard J. , Edge Dawn 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundIt is notoriously challenging to deliver psychosocial interventions on acute mental health wards. This paper presents an ethnographic observational study which captured how ward and staff processes impacted on the delivery of a psychosocial intervention called TULIPS (Talk, Understand and Listen for Inpatient Settings). Although the paper is focused on one specific intervention, the findings have implications for the delivery of other psychosocial interventions within acute mental health settings.MethodWe carried out participant observation across 6 case studies wards all participating in the intervention arm of a cluster randomised controlled trial evaluating the TULIPS intervention compared to treatment as usual. Trained researchers observed ward environments, activities and social interactions taking detailed field notes which were later subject to thematic analysis.ResultsFour themes were generated from field notes relating to aspects of the ward culture and staff behaviours which were barriers or facilitators to the delivery of the TULIPS intervention. Theme one highlighted how the person-centred nature of the TULIPS model was at odds with the pre-existing culture of the wards which favoured blanket rules. Theme two highlighted how staff prioritised task-oriented quantifiable activities which clashed with the emphasis the TULIPS model placed on relationship building. The third theme highlighted the presence of conflict between different groups of staff working on the ward and theme four highlighted the stressful nature of the ward environment which drove staff to seek refuge from patient facing activities including TULIPS related activities.ConclusionsIn order to successfully engage with the delivery of psychosocial interventions on acute mental health wards, staff need access to supportive leadership which champions psychological interventions, as well as training, supervision and support systems which value the demanding nature of working on mental health inpatient wards.
Subgroups of non-suicidal self-injury in a large diverse sample of online help-seekers
Authors: Kruzan Kaylee P. , Washburn Jason J. , Aaby David , Nguyen Theresa , Mohr David C. 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionMany young people access information and resources for nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) online; yet our understanding of who accesses such information is limited. NSSI is a behavior with varied presentations. Understanding heterogeneity can help guide person-centered intervention. The present study aimed to (1) empirically identify classes of individuals with NSSI and (2) compare the classes according to demographic and clinical characteristics.MethodsData were collected from a survey posted to a national advocacy group website. Latent class analysis was used to derive classes based on characteristics associated with NSSI severity. Relationships between the latent classes and variables along five dimensions (behavior change, consequences or life interference, expectancies, functions, and NSSI across lifetime) were explored via logistic regression models.Results11,262 individuals reporting past month NSSI were included in analyses. The 4-class model provided the most clinically interpretable groups. Class 1 was the smallest (16.8%), scored highest on all items and reported the youngest age of onset. Class 3 was the largest (31.8%), scored lowest on all items and reported the latest age of onset. Classes 2 (29.3%) and 4 (22.2%) had moderate scores on most items and differed in levels of suicidal ideation.ConclusionClasses presented with more severe symptoms than what is typical in samples in extant literature underscoring the importance of tailoring interventions for dissemination in online contexts.
Socioeconomic disparities in HPV vaccine uptake: multivariable analysis of vaccination data from Tianjin (2018–2023)
Authors: Xiang Jing , Sun Xuan 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesAs the first socio-demographic profiling of HPV vaccines in Chinese cities, this study assesses equity implications through compositional analysis of covered populations, with multilevel examination of vaccine-type selection determinants.MethodUtilizing HPV vaccination data obtained from the Jinnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) spanning from 2018 to 2023, we conducted a retrospective analysis. Hierarchical logistic regression was employed to model the joint effects of age, ethnicity, occupation, and urban–rural residence on vaccination behaviors. Vaccine type preference was categorized as bivalent, quadrivalent, or nonavalent.ResultThree key disparities were revealed in the analysis. Age-stratified access revealed the highest proportion of recipients among women aged 33–38 years (29.6%) and 39–44 years (21.9%), contrasting with less than 1% participation in the 9–14 year-old cohort. Educationally, 87.3% held at least a bachelor’s degree, compared to 12.7% with below-college education (χ2 = 6048.89, p &lt; 0.001). Clear urban–rural divide, with 99.7% of recipients in urban areas and just 0.3% in rural areas (χ2 = 76.79, p &lt; 0.001). Vaccine-type selection showed socioeconomic patterns, with nonavalent vaccines preferred by urban professionals (OR = 1.577, 95% CI: 1.16–2.142) and those with incomes above 5000 yuan (OR = 1.958, 95% CI: 0.26–3.527).ConclusionDemonstrating Hart’s Inverse Care Law, Tianjin’s program disproportionately immunizes socioeconomically secure urbanites. We propose: (1) school-based mandates for pre-sexual debut cohorts; (2) rural vaccination-social insurance integration; (3) domestic 9-valent vaccine development with needs-based subsidies. These evidence-based reforms are critical for achieving equitable 90% coverage by 2030.
Felony disenfranchisement laws and racial inequities in women's self-rated health
Authors: Hing Anna K. , Judson Jé , Candil Escobar Marian 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesTo determine if more strict state-level felony disenfranchisement laws, which are a form of structural racism, are associated with worse self-rated health, and if this association is stronger for Black women compared to white women.MethodsUsing Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2021, American Community Survey 2017–2021, and State Felony Disenfranchisement Laws in 2020 from the “Locked Out Report” by the Sentencing Project, we fit hierarchical linear models to estimate changes in self-rated health with state felony disenfranchisement laws for 185,833 Black and white women, stratified by race, in 49 states (excluding Florida).ResultsWe found a significant positive association between more restrictive disenfranchisement and worse self-rated health for Black women (b = 0.08, SE = 0.03, p &lt; 0.01), but not white women, in the fully adjusted model.ConclusionsStricter state-level felony disenfranchisement laws were associated with worse self-rated health for Black women but not white women suggesting that policies of disenfranchisement may exacerbate racial inequities in health.