Abstract 2161: Targeting Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) in multiple myeloma with novel BTK inhibitors.
Authors: Bushman Destinee , Bearss Jared J. , Sorna Venkataswamy , Vankayalapati Hariprasad , Sharma Sunil , Zhan Fenghuang , Bearss David 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant disease that is characterized by an excess of monotypic plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM). A key clinical characteristic of MM is the localization of the MM cells to the bone marrow where they promote osteolytic bone destruction and impaired hematopoietic function. As a consequence MM patients experience bone pain, hypocalcaemia, anemia. Although there has been some progress in recent years in the development of novel drugs, such as proteasome inhibitors and derivatives of thalidomide, MM remains incurable and the majority of patients eventually succumb to their cancer. We have recently identified BTK over-expression in cancer cells taken from patients with multiple myeloma. In addition we have observed that BTK is also expressed in the activated osteoclasts of MM patients indicating that targeted inhibition of BTK might not only effect the MM cancer cells but may also influence the activity of osteoclasts and the associated osteolytic lesions. Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a cytoplasmic nonreceptor tyrosine kinase belonging to the Tec family of kinases. BTK has been extensively studied for its role in B-cell maturation and activation of B-cells by various ligands is accompanied by the translocation of BTK to the cell membrane where it binds phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate through its PH domain. Activation of BTK results in downstream signaling through the PI3K/AKT, PLCγ1/2, NFκB, and other signaling pathways important for B-cell development and function. We propose that BTK plays an important role in multiple myeloma pathophysiology and that therapeutically targeting BTK will inhibit the growth of cancer cells and alter the tumor microenvironment in the bone marrow of multiple myeloma cancer patients. Using a structure-based approach we have developed a series of irreversible BTK inhibitors with selective and potent low nanomolar activity. In preclinical studies to date, our compounds have demonstrated promising activity in biochemical and cell-based experiments. Our BTK-targeted agents have shown activity in MM cells and have good pharmacokinetics when delivered IV and oral. MM cells create an adverse microenvironment from a pathophysiologic and clinical perspective because of the disruption of bone remodeling and this disruption of normal bone function has been shown to inhibit the response of MM cell to drug treatment. Therefore, a strategy to develop new drugs for MM must take into account the ability of the new agents to partition and distribute to the bone and function in the bone microenviroment of MM. Our compounds are being optimized for their ability to partition to bone and remain active in the BM microenvironment. By inhibiting BTK we seek to block BTK-dependent growth and migration of multiple myeloma cells and inhibit of the production of differentiated activated osteoclasts thereby disrupting the bone marrow microenvironment in MM.
Citation Format: Destinee Bushman, Jared J. Bearss, Venkataswamy Sorna, Hariprasad Vankayalapati, Sunil Sharma, Fenghuang Zhan, David Bearss. Targeting Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) in multiple myeloma with novel BTK inhibitors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2161. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2161