bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proceedings of the International Consensus on Periprosthetic Joint Infection
Authors: Parvizi J. , Gehrke T. , Chen A. F. 
Published: October 2013

Louis Pasteur once said that: “Fortune favours the prepared mind.” As one of the great scientists who contributed to the fight against infection, he emphasised the importance of being prepared at all times to recognise infection and deal with it. Despite the many scientific discoveries and technological advances, such as the advent of antibiotics and the use of sterile techniques, infection continues to be a problem that haunts orthopaedic surgeons and inflicts suffering on patients. The medical community has implemented many practices with the intention of preventing infection and treating it effectively when it occurs. Although high-level evidence may support some of these practices, many are based on little to no scientific foundation. Thus, around the world, there is great variation in practices for the prevention and management of periprosthetic joint infection. This paper summaries the instigation, conduct and findings of a recent International Consensus Meeting on Surgical Site and Periprosthetic Joint Infection. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1450–2.
Investigation of mixture toxicity of widely used drugs caffeine and ampicillin in the presence of an ACE inhibitor on bacterial growth using droplet-based microfluidic technique
Authors: Cao Jialan , Goldhan Juliane , Martin Karin , Köhler J. Michael 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Droplet-based microfluidic technique is very suitable for a variety of screening processes. The cultivation within nanoliter segments and multidimensional microtoxicological screening of the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli were studied under droplet-based microfluidic conditions. In order to evaluate the toxicity of the binary and ternary mixtures of antibiotic ampicillin and caffeine in the presence of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril, a time-resolved optical double endpoint detection unit was applied. It included a microflow-through fluorimeter and photometer, which can simultaneously analyze changes in the endogenous autofluorescence signal and the cell density of E. coli cultivated inside 450-nl microfluid segments. As a result, strong nonlinear combination effects and a concentration-dependent antagonistic effect, as well as formation of activity summits on bolographic maps, were found. Our findings confirm the importance of multiparameter investigations for toxicological studies and could be taken into account in medical practice.
Refined association of TSH receptor susceptibility locus to Graves' disease in the Chinese Han population
Authors: Liu Bing-Li , Yang Shao-Ying , Liu Wei , Xue Li-Qiong , Chen Xia , Pan Chun-Ming , Gu Zhao-Hui , Zhan Ming , Zhang Xiao-Mei , Liang Jun , Gao Guan-Qi , Du Wen-Hua , Yuan Guo-Yue , Ying Ru , Zhao Shuang-Xia , Song Huai-Dong 
Published: October 2013

BackgroundConvincing evidence has demonstrated the association of TSH receptor (TSHR) with Graves' disease (GD) in the Chinese Han population.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify the causal variants for GD in the region encompassing TSHR by a refining association study.Design and methodsGD patients (1536) and 1516 sex-matched controls were recruited in the first stage, and an additional 3832 GD patients and 3426 sex-matched controls were recruited in the replication stage. Genotyping was performed using Illumina Human660-Quad BeadChips or TaqMan single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) Genotyping Assays and the Fluidigm EP1 platform.ResultsWhen the results of regression analysis for 74 genotyped SNPs and 922 imputed SNPs in the first-stage cohort were combined, rs179243 and rs3783949 were the probable susceptibility SNPs associated with GD in TSHR. Eleven SNPs, including rs179243 and rs3783949, were selected to further refine the association in the replication study. Finally, rs12101261 and rs179243 were confirmed as independent GD susceptibility variants in the replication and combined populations. Further, we also found that the rate of persistent TSHR autoantibody positivity (pTRAb+) was significantly higher in the GD patients with the susceptible genotypes rs12101261 or rs179243 than in the GD patients carrying the protective genotypes, after the GD patients had been treated for more than 1 year.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that rs12101261 and rs179243 are the possible causal SNPs for GD susceptibility in the TSHR gene and could serve as genetic markers to predict the outcome of pTRAb+ in GD patients.
Bond Strength of Adhesive Luting Agents to Caries-affected Dentin
Authors: Rocha CT , Faria-e-Silva AL , Peixoto AC 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARY
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of adhesive luting agents to caries-affected dentin (CAD). Methods: Forty human molars were sectioned to create dental slices presenting exposed occlusal dentin. Half of the samples were submitted to eight caries-induction demineralizing/mineralizing cycles. The pH-cycling model consisted of three hours in a demineralizing solution followed by 45 hours of immersion in a mineralizing solution. Dentin hardness was measured before and after the pH cycling. Resin cement cylinders were built up over the dentin surface using RelyX Unicem or RelyX ARC/Scotchbond Multipurpose Plus. The cement cylinders were submitted to shear load, and the data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test (p&lt;0.05). Hardness data were also submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (p&lt;0.05). The relationship of hardness vs bond strength was assessed via nonlinear regression analysis. Results: Sound dentin (tested and used in caries induction) showed similar values of hardness and were superior to CAD. Both resin cements showed higher bond strength to sound dentin than to CAD. Independent of substrate, RelyX ARC showed the highest values of bond strength. A positive linear relationship between dentin hardness and bond strength was observed for both cements evaluated. Conclusions: The adhesive luting agents evaluated showed lower bond strength to CAD.
Relativistic oscillator model with spin for nucleon resonances
Authors: Kulikov Dmitry , Uvarov Ivan , Yaroshenko Arkadiy 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The relativistic three-body problem is approached via the extension of the SL(2, C) group to the Sp(4, C) one. In terms of Sp(4, C) spinors, a Dirac-like equation with three-body kinematics is composed. After introducing the linear in coordinates interaction, it describes the spin-1/2 oscillator. For this system, the exact energy spectrum is derived and then applied to fit the Regge trajectories of baryon N-resonances in the (E
2, J) plane. The model predicts linear trajectories at high total energy E with some form of nonlinearity at low E.
Conservation laws and associated Lie point symmetries admitted by the transient heat conduction problem for heat transfer in straight fins
Authors: Ndlovu Partner , Moitsheki Rasselo 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Some new conservation laws for the transient heat conduction problem for heat transfer in a straight fin are constructed. The thermal conductivity is given by a power law in one case and by a linear function of temperature in the other. Conservation laws are derived using the direct method when thermal conductivity is given by the power law and the multiplier method when thermal conductivity is given as a linear function of temperature. The heat transfer coefficient is assumed to be given by the power law function of temperature. Furthermore, we determine the Lie point symmetries associated with the conserved vectors for the model with power law thermal conductivity.
Alternative End-Joining and Classical Nonhomologous End-Joining Pathways Repair Different Types of Double-Strand Breaks during Class-Switch Recombination
Authors: Cortizas Elena M. , Zahn Astrid , Hajjar Maurice E. , Patenaude Anne-Marie , Di Noia Javier M. , Verdun Ramiro E. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Classical nonhomologous end-joining (C-NHEJ) and alternative end-joining (A-EJ) are the main DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathways when a sister chromatid is not available. However, it is not clear how one pathway is chosen over the other to process a given DSB. To address this question, we studied in mouse splenic B cells and CH12F3 cells how C-NHEJ and A-EJ repair DSBs initiated by the activation-induced deaminase during IgH (Igh) class-switch recombination (CSR). We show in this study that lowering the deamination density at the Igh locus increases DSB resolution by microhomology-mediated repair while decreasing C-NHEJ activity. This process occurs without affecting 53BP1 and γH2AX levels during CSR. Mechanistically, lowering deamination density increases exonuclease I recruitment and single-stranded DNA at the Igh locus and promotes C-terminal binding protein interacting protein and MSH2-dependent DSB repair during CSR. Indeed, reducing activation-induced deaminase levels increases CSR efficiency in C-NHEJ–defective cells, suggesting enhanced use of an A-EJ pathway. Our results establish a mechanism by which C-NHEJ and this C-terminal binding protein interacting protein/MSH2-dependent pathway that relies on microhomology can act concurrently but independently to repair different types of DSBs and reveal that the density of DNA lesions influences the choice of DSB repair pathway during CSR.
KNOT SINGULARITIES OF HARMONIC MORPHISMS
Authors: Baird Paul 
Published: July 2002

AbstractA harmonic morphism defined on $\mathbb{R}^3$ with values in a Riemann surface is characterized in terms of a complex analytic curve in the complex surface of straight lines. We show how, to a certain family of complex curves, the singular set of the corresponding harmonic morphism has an isolated component consisting of a continuously embedded knot.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 57M25. Secondary 57M12; 58E20
In vitro digestibility, breakdown when eaten and
physical structure of stovers and straws compared with
lucerne hay and sweet potato haulm
Authors: WILMAN D. , JI YILUN , MTENGETI E. J. , AHMAD NAZIR 
Published: July 2002

In order to learn more about the digestibility, breakdown when eaten and physical structure of stovers
and straws, seven diets were compared in one experiment and eight in another. The diets in the first
experiment were: the upper and lower parts of lucerne (Medicago sativa) hay, the leaves, upper stem
and lower stem of maize (Zea mays) stover and the leaves and stem of sorghum (Sorghum vulgare)
stover. The diets in the second experiment were: the upper and lower parts of lucerne hay, the leaves,
stems and whole stover of millet (Setaria italica), wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw, rice (Oryza sativa)
straw and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) haulm. The diets were examined for in vitro digestibility in
three forms: milled, chopped (1 cm lengths) and chewed (by cattle). The lengths and widths of the
chewed particles were recorded in both experiments. Aspects of the morphology and vascular
structure of plant parts of the diets and of chewed particles were recorded in the second experiment.The in vitro digestibility of chopped or chewed plant material was lower (by 11 and 12 percentage
units, respectively, on average) than that of milled material. The difference between chewed and
milled material in in vitro digestibility was smaller with leaves (5 percentage units, on average) than
with stems (18 percentage units, on average) in maize, sorghum and millet. Digestibility of chewed
material was similar to or lower than that of chopped material, except with the leaves of maize,
sorghum and millet. Millet stover had higher in vitro digestibility than wheat straw or rice straw,
whether the diet was milled, chopped or chewed.The thinnest stem internode vascular bundles recorded (0·14 mm) were in wheat. The percentage
of stem internode cross-sectional area occupied by vascular bundles was in the range 6–8 for lucerne,
millet, wheat and rice. The mean numbers of veins or vascular bundles per chewed particle were in
the range 6–23. The mean length of the chewed particles varied from 10 mm with the upper stem of
maize to 18 mm with sorghum stem and maize leaves. The mean width of the chewed particles varied
from 1·8 mm with rice straw to 5·4 mm with maize leaves.It is suggested that the low digestibility of mature plant tissue such as stovers and straws is not
particularly due to thick vascular strands or to a high proportion of vascular tissue, but rather to a
high proportion of cell wall and incomplete and delayed access by rumen microorganisms to much
of the cell wall.
Long-term outcome of panic disorder with agoraphobia treated by exposure
Authors: FAVA G. A. , RAFANELLI C. , GRANDI S. , CONTI S. , RUINI C. , MANGELLI L. , BELLUARDO P. 
Published: July 2002

Background. There is a paucity of long-term outcome studies of panic disorder that exceed a 2-year follow-up. The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term follow-up of patients with panic disorder with agoraphobia treated according to a standardized protocol.Methods. A consecutive series of 200 patients satisfying the DSM-IV criteria for panic disorder with agoraphobia was treated in an out-patient clinic with behavioural methods based on exposure homework. One hundred and thirty-six patients became panic free after 12 sessions of psychotherapy and 132 were available for follow-up. A 2- to 14-year (median = 8 years) follow-up was performed. Survival analysis was employed to characterize the clinical course of patients.Results. Thirty-one of the 132 patients (23%) had a relapse of panic disorder at some time during follow-up. The estimated cumulative percentage of patients remaining in remission was 93·1 after 2 years, 82·4 after 5 years, 78·8 after 7 years and 62·1 after 10 years. Such probabilities increased with younger age, and in the absence of a personality disorder, of high pre-treatment levels of depressed mood, of residual agoraphobic avoidance after exposure, and of concurrent use of benzodiazepines and antidepressant drugs.Conclusions. The findings suggest that exposure treatment can provide lasting relief to the majority of patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia. Disappearance of residual and subclinical agoraphobic avoidance, and not simply of panic attacks, should be the aim of exposure therapy.
Substance use disorders among adolescents in
Taiwan: prevalence, sociodemographic correlates and
psychiatric co-morbidity
Authors: CHONG M.-Y. , CHAN K.-W. , CHENG A. T. A. 
Published: July 2002

Background. This paper reports prevalences, sociodemographic correlates and psychiatric co-morbidity of substance use disorders (SUDs) among adolescents in Taiwan.Methods. A random sample of ninth grade students (N=774) was selected from an urban, a
suburban and a rural community. Two-stage case identification was employed with a brief screening
tool and a modified Chinese version of the Kiddie-SADS conducted by child psychiatrists.Results. The overall prevalence of any SUD was 11·0%, with nicotine (96·0%) as the most
prevalent substance. The prevalences of SUDs were significantly higher in boys, rural community
and classes with poor academic performance. Sixty-two per cent of all SUD cases suffered from
other concurrent psychiatric disorders. The most common co-morbid conditions were conduct
disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and mood disorders.Conclusions. High prevalences of SUDs were found among adolescent school children in Taiwan.
Effects of urbanization, selective migration and the availability of substances are possible
explanations for the urban-rural difference on the risk for SUDs. Psychiatric co-morbid conditions
for SUD among adolescents in Taiwan were similar to those in Western societies.
Social Policy Digest NUMBER ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTEEN February to April 2000
Authors: BENNETT FRAN 
Published: July 2002

Contents1 Social security and income maintenance2 Health (formerly Health care)3 Education4 Housing and environment5 Personal social services6 Law and the treatment of the offender7 Unemployment and the labour market8 Race relations9 The voluntary sector10 Government (formerly Local government)11 Gender12 Demography
Neural constraints on cognition in sleep
Authors: Porte Helene Sophrin 
Published: July 2002

Certain features of Stage NREM sleep – for example, rhythmic voltage oscillation in thalamic neurons – are physiologically inhospitable to “REM sleep processes.” In Stage 2, the sleep spindle and its refractory period must limit the incursion of “covert REM,” and thus the extent of REM-like cognition. If these hyperpolarization-dependent events also inform Stage NREM cognition, does a “1-gen” model suffice to account for REM-NREM differences?[Nielsen]
Lines of drift: festival participation and performing a sense of place
Authors: Duffy Michelle 
Published: July 2002

It's funny how the difference in each nation organised a different rhythm almost. The beat, the beat is different, it's much faster here than in the States. Mainly in bush music it's like that, if you call it bush music. You know this, this lagerphone? Well this lagerphone beat is usually much faster than you would hear in America, that's the way we felt it when we first arrived. Now it's fine, it fits, you know! But for some reason, it didn't quite [fit], it was just a bit too fast for what I was used to from the States. (Glasco 1998)Frederique Glasco, a participant at the 1998 Top Half Folk Festival held in Mt Isa, Queensland, talks here about the unsettled experience she had upon hearing what she described as an ‘Australian rhythm’: it felt different, it was too fast, it did not ‘fit’ to her own sense of rhythm. Yet, her initial perception changed after living for a time in Australia and this new rhythmic pulse did feel appropriate to her in her new surroundings. Two questions arise from this: first, how does a musical coding of space help create a sense of place? Second, how does engagement with this aural symbol create an identity through connections to place? In this paper I am interested in examining this relationship between music and place by focusing on participation in the community music festival, specifically participation in the 1998 Top Half Folk Festival, which was held in northern Queensland.
A 3D passive dynamic biped with yaw and roll compensation
Authors: Wisse M. , Schwab A. L. , Linde R. Q. vd. 
Published: July 2002

Autonomous walking bipedal machines, possibly useful for rehabilitation and entertainment purposes, need a high energy efficiency, offered by the concept of ‘Passive Dynamic Walking' (exploitation of the natural dynamics of the robot). 2D passive dynamic bipeds have been shown to be inherently stable, but in the third dimension two problematic degrees of freedom are introduced: yaw and roll.We propose a design for a 3D biped with a pelvic body as a passive dynamic compensator, which will compensate for the undesired yaw and roll motion, and allow the rest of the

robot to move as if it were a 2D machine. To test our design, we perform numerical simulations on a multibody model of the robot. With limit cycle analysis we calculate the stability of the robot when walking at its natural speed.The simulation shows that the compensator, indeed, effectively compensates for both the yaw and the roll motion, and that the walker is stable.
Conference Reports
Authors: Bernhardt Rolf , Erbe Heinz-H. 
Published: July 2002

6TH IFAC SYMP. ON COST ORIENTED AUTOMATION (LOW COST
AUTOMATION 2001)(Oct. 8–9, 2001, Berlin, Germany)The symposium brought together researchers and industrialists in two plenary sessions, eight regular sessions and two industrial workshops (special sessions). The organizers intended to rescue Low Cost Automation from its bad reputation by considering mostly
the development and application of cheap components of control systems of low performance, just suitable for developing industries. Because of this, the organizers intended to focus on considering and discussing cost-oriented or cost-effective solutions for automation systems. This intention was quite successful. Despite expensive components, the life cycle of automation systems regarding design, production, operating, maintenance, reconfiguration and recycling was cost effective (cost of ownership). The participants of the Industrial Workshops I and II on “Virtual Programmable Logic Control” and “Lifecycle Costs” presented and discussed new developments in these fields. As it
turned out, companies are currently refraining from the implementation of highly
automated svstems because they are too inflexible, and their maintenance
and reconfiguration is too expensive. Companies are looking for cost-effective solutions.
Additionally, the invited keynote speech of the second plenary session,
“Maintenance Holistic Framework for Optimizing the Cost/Availability Compromise of Manufacturing Systems”
stressed these problems.
A COMPARISON OF THE COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF STROKE CARE

PROVIDED IN LONDON AND COPENHAGEN
Authors: Grieve Richard , Porsdal Vibeke , Hutton John , Wolfe Charles 
Published: July 2002

Objectives: This study

compared the relative cost-effectiveness of stroke care provided in

London and Copenhagen.Methods: Hospitalized stroke patients at centers in London (1995–96)

and Copenhagen (1994–95) were included. Each patient's use of

hospital and community health services was recorded for 1 year after

stroke. Center-specific unit costs were collected and converted into

dollars using the Purchasing Power Parity Index. An incremental

cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated comparing a Copenhagen

model of stroke care to a London model, using regression analysis to

adjust for case-mix differences.Results: A total of 625 patients (297 in Copenhagen, 328 in London)

were included in the analysis. Most patients in London (85%) wereadmitted to general medical wards,

with 26% subsequently transferred to a stroke unit. In Copenhagen, 57% of patients were

directly admitted to a stroke or neurology unit, with 23% then transferred to

a separate rehabilitation hospital. The average length of total

hospital stay was 11 days longer in Copenhagen. Patients in

Copenhagen were less likely to die than those in London; for patients

with cerebral infarction the hazard ratio after case-mix adjustment

was 0.53 (95% CI from 0.35 to 0.80). However, a lower proportion of

patients with hemorrhagic stroke died in London. The ICER of using

the Copenhagen compared with the London model of care ranged from

$21,579 to $37,444 per life-year

gained for patients with cerebral

infarctions.Conclusions: The ICERs of the Copenhagen compared with the London model

of care were within a range generally regarded as cost-effective.