bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PENDEKATAN PEMBELAJARAN DAN PENGUASAAN SEMANTIK TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN MAKNA PUISI
Authors: Djojosuroto Kinayati 
Published: October 2015

The article presents in this research findings is intended to determine the influence of teaching approach and semantic mastery on the increase of students' achievement of poetry comprehension of the students of the Education of Language and Literature program of the Language and Art Major of the Manado State University (UNIMA). The teaching approach as an independent variable is divided into three levels: Gestalt, Structural, and Semiotic. The semantic mastery as an attribute variable is divided into high semantic mastery and low semantic mastery. The research method employed in this study was quasi-experiment with before-after design through the factorial of 3 x 2 of the two-way analysis of ariance technique (ANAVA). The sample of this research was the students who were studying the poem appreciation subject. Based on the result of inferential analysis of the data, several conclusions may be drawn. <strong>First</strong>, there is a difference in the increase of achievements of poetry comprehension of the groups of students who are taught using Gestalt approach, structural approach, and semiotic approach (p &lt;0.05). Among the three groups, the Gestalt group shows the highest increase. <strong>Second</strong>, the group of students with high semantic mastery shows a higher increase of achievement in poetry comprehension than those with low semantic mastery (p &lt;0.05). <strong>Third</strong>, there is an interaction between teaching approach and semantic mastery in terms of the increase of the students' achievement (p &lt;0.05).
Interspecific variation in growth responses to climate and competition of five eastern tree species
Authors: Rollinson Christine R. , Kaye Margot W. , Canham Charles D. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractClimate and competition are often presented from two opposing views of the dominant driver of individual tree growth and species distribution in temperate forests, such as those in the eastern United States. Previous studies have provided abundant evidence indicating that both factors influence tree growth, and we argue that these effects are not independent of one another and rather that interactions between climate, competition, and size best describe tree growth. To illustrate this point, we describe the growth responses of five common eastern tree species to interacting effects of temperature, precipitation, competition, and individual size using maximum likelihood estimation. Models that explicitly include interactions among these four factors explained over half of the variance in annual growth for four out of five species using annual climate. Expanding temperature and precipitation analyses to include seasonal interactions resulted in slightly improved models with a mean R2 of 0.61 (SD 0.10). Growth responses to individual factors as well their interactions varied greatly among species. For example, growth sensitivity to temperature for Quercus rubra increased with maximum annual precipitation, but other species showed no change in sensitivity or slightly reduced annual growth. Our results also indicate that three‐way interactions among individual stem size, competition, and temperature may determine which of the five co‐occurring species in our study could have the highest growth rate in a given year. Continued consideration and quantification of interactions among climate, competition, and individual‐based characteristics are likely to increase understanding of key biological processes such as tree growth. Greater parameterization of interactions between traditionally segregated factors such as climate and competition may also help build a framework to reconcile drivers of individual‐based processes such as growth with larger‐scale patterns of species distribution.
Snow cover, freeze‐thaw, and the retention of nutrients in an oceanic mountain ecosystem
Authors: Wipf Sonja , Sommerkorn Martin , Stutter Marc I. , Wubs E. R. Jasper , van der Wal René 
Published: October 2015

As the climate warms, winters with less snow and therefore more soil freeze‐thaw cycles are likely to become more frequent in oceanic mountain areas. It is a concern that this might impair the soil's ability to store carbon and nutrients, and lead to increased leaching losses of dissolved C and nutrients and subsequent changes in nutrient cycling and ecosystem productivity.Through a combination of laboratory and field experiments, we studied short‐term effects of changing winter conditions on carbon and nutrient leaching from two plant‐soil systems with contrasting snow conditions (shallow/intermittent vs. deep/persistent snow). In the laboratory we exposed cores (soil and vegetation) from sites with either intermittent or persistent winter snow cover to five different freeze‐thaw scenarios of realistic frequency and duration. Additionally, we set up a transplant experiment at our field site by reciprocally transplanting soil‐plant monoliths between sites with intermittent and persistent snow. Together, the field and laboratory experiments aimed to assess how carbon and nutrient leaching was affected by both historical snow conditions and short‐term (through freeze‐thaw scenarios and transplantation) changes in snow cover and thermal conditions.Both a greater number of freeze‐thaw cycles and longer duration of sub‐zero temperatures increased carbon and nutrient leaching from incubated soil cores. Cores from sites with persistent snow generally had lower nutrient losses under control conditions, but greater losses following induced freeze‐thaw cycles than cores from intermittent snow sites. The character of the leached dissolved organic carbon (DOC) suggested fresh organic material, such as live plant roots or microbes, as the source of carbon and nutrients. Nutrient losses from the plant‐soil systems in the field were greater at sites with persistent winter snow due to greater volumes of percolating water in spring. This suggests that increasingly severe and frequent soil freeze‐thaw events in oceanic mountain ecosystems can enhance the mobilization of C, N and P in labile forms but, in the absence of water fluxes, these nutrients would remain available for in‐situ cycling. Thus, under future warmer winter conditions, increased carbon and nutrient losses from oceanic mountain ecosystems could occur if winters with little snow coincide with wet spring conditions.
Cross‐Sectional Association Between Number of Teeth and High‐Sensitivity C‐Reactive Protein Among Middle‐Aged Germans
Authors: Oluwagbemigun Kolade , Bergmann Manuela , Pischon Nicole , Dietrich Thomas , Boeing Heiner 
Published: October 2015

Background: The association between number of teeth and low‐grade systemic inflammation deserves consideration within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)‐Potsdam since the association between number of teeth and myocardial infarction has been established.Methods: Two subsamples (n = 2,439 and 728) were randomly selected from EPIC‐Potsdam. Participants provided information on number of natural teeth, anthropometry, lifestyle factors, and illness‐related factors. High‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP) was measured from serum. Adjusted means of hsCRP across five categories of numbers of teeth in each subsample and in the combined sample were determined, and linear trends were checked. Non‐linear associations were investigated with restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression.Results: In the first subsample, the full multivariable‐adjusted model showed that participants with 28 to 32, 24 to 27, 18 to 23, 1 to 17, and 0 teeth had mean hsCRP values of 1.32, 1.39, 1.54, 1.38, and 1.48 mg/L, respectively; in the second subsample, mean hsCRP values were 1.64, 1.67, 1.73, 1.47, and 1.87 mg/L; combined hsCRP values were 1.49, 1.53, 1.64, 1.44, and 1.65 mg/L. No linear trend was observed in these models, and RCS regression showed no non‐linear association.Conclusion: This study shows that number of teeth has a weak association with hsCRP, if any, thereby excluding this marker of low‐grade systemic inflammation as a possible explanation for the association between number of teeth and myocardial infarction.
Myxoid Liposarcoma of the Thigh with Metastasis to the Left Ventricle of the Heart
Authors: Farmer Ryan P. , Schowinsky Jeffrey T. , Lindeque Bennie G.P. 
Published: October 2015

Case:
This report describes a sixty-one-year old man who was diagnosed with a myxoid liposarcoma of the left thigh that was resected and then treated with radiation therapy. He underwent yearly surveillance imaging but presented seventeen years after initial resection with symptoms of heart failure. He was found to have a cardiac abnormality that was first thought to be a pseudoaneurysm but was later shown to be a myxoid liposarcoma, presumably metastatic.

Conclusion:
Myxoid liposarcoma can present with late metastasis, including to the heart.
Assessment of an implant-skin interface scoring system for external skeletal fixation of dogs
Authors: McDonald-Lynch Mischa B. , Marcellin-Little Denis J. , Roe Simon C. , Lascelles B. Duncan X. , Trumpatori Brian J. , Griffith Emily H. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess intraobserver repeatability and interobserver and in vivo versus photographic agreement of a scoring system for the implant-skin interface (ISI) of external skeletal fixation (ESF).
SAMPLE 42 photographs of ISIs from 18 dogs for interobserver agreement and intraobserver repeatability and 27 photographs of ISIs from 6 dogs for in vivo versus photograph agreement.
PROCEDURES An ISI inflammation scoring system was developed. It included scales for 6 metrics (erythema, drainage amount, drainage type, swelling, hair loss or lack of hair regrowth, and granulation tissue). Photographs of the ISI of ESF were obtained by use of a standard protocol and evaluated to determine intraobserver repeatability and interobserver agreement (Cronbach α; 4 raters) of the ISI score. Agreement between in vivo and photographic ISI scores (2 raters) and correlation between median scores across metrics were evaluated.
RESULTS 42 photographs met the inclusion criteria. Overall intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.922 to 0.975. Interobserver overall Cronbach α ranged from 0.835 to 0.943. For in vivo versus photographic assessment, 27 ISIs in 6 dogs and their photographs were evaluated. The Cronbach α for both raters ranged from 0.614 to 0.938. Overall, the Cronbach α ranged from 0.725 to 0.932. Mean photographic scores were greater than mean in vivo scores for each metric. Pearson correlation coefficients ranged from 0.221 to 0.923. Erythema, swelling, and granulation were correlated with all other metrics.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this study, an ISI scoring system used in this study had high repeatability and agreement and may therefore be considered for use in clinical situations. Photographic scores were not equivalent to in vivo scores and should not be used interchangeably.
Risk factors for carriage of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella spp and Escherichia coli in pet dogs from volunteer households in Ontario, Canada, in 2005 and 2006
Authors: Leonard Erin K. , Pearl David L. , Janecko Nicol , Finley Rita L. , Reid-Smith Richard J. , Weese J. Scott , Peregrine Andrew S. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine pet-related management factors associated with the carriage of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella spp and Escherichia coli in a population of pet dogs.
SAMPLE 138 dogs from 84 households in Ontario, Canada.
PROCEDURES From October 2005 through May 2006, dogs and households in Ontario, Canada, were recruited to participate in a cross-sectional study. Fecal samples were submitted for culture of Salmonella spp and E coli, which provided 515 bacterial isolates for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Multilevel logistic regression models with random effects for household and dog were created to identify pet-related management factors associated with antimicrobial resistance.
RESULTS Bacterial species, feeding a homemade diet or adding homemade food to the diet, feeding a raw diet or adding anything raw to the diet, feeding a homemade raw food diet, and feeding raw chicken in the past week were significant risk factors for antimicrobial resistance in this population of dogs.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this study, several potentially important pet-related risk factors for the carriage of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella spp and E coli in pet dogs were identified. Further evaluation of risk factors for antimicrobial resistance in dogs may lead to development of evidence-based guidelines for safe and responsible dog ownership and management to protect the public, especially pet owners who are immunocompromised.
Effect of leukoreduction on concentrations of interleukin-8, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α in canine packed red blood cells during storage
Authors: Purcell Sarah L. , Claus Melissa , Hosgood Giselle , Smart Lisa 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure changes in interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations in stored canine packed RBCs (PRBCs) over time and assess the effect of leukoreduction on these cytokine concentrations.
ANIMALS 12 anesthetized healthy Greyhounds.
PROCEDURES 1 unit of whole blood from each dog was processed into PRBCs. Half of each PRBCs unit was passed through a leukoreduction filter to produce a leukoreduced unit, and the remaining blood was kept as a nonleukoreduced unit. All units had a CBC performed on day 0 (day of collection) and were stored at 2° to 6°C. Samples were collected from leukoreduced and nonleukoreduced units on days 0, 10, 20, 30, and 37 and centrifuged; the supernatant was stored at −80°C until analysis. Canine TNF-α and IL-8 concentrations were assessed with a multiplexed genomic and proteomic biomarker analyzer, and canine IL-1β concentration was measured by ELISA.
RESULTS Leukocyte counts were decreased by ≥ 99.9% in all leukoreduced units. Median TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations were not significantly different between leukoreduced and nonleukoreduced units and did not change significantly during storage; median IL-8 concentration was significantly higher in nonleukoreduced versus leukoreduced units on all days, and was greater at all time points after ≥ 10 days of storage than on day 0. Median IL-8 concentration in leukoreduced units did not increase during storage.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that leukoreduction was effective for the removal of leukocytes from canine PRBCs and prevented significant increases in IL-8 concentration during storage. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether leukoreduction reduces cytokine-associated complications of transfusion.
Evaluation of species differences and the effects of storage duration and temperature on the anticollagenase efficacy of canine, feline, and equine serum on in vitro corneal degradation
Authors: Conway Emily D. , Stiles Jean , Townsend Wendy M. , Weng Hsin-Yi 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate species differences and effects of storage duration and temperature on the anticollagenase efficacy of canine, feline, and equine serum on in vitro corneal degradation.
SAMPLES Corneas and serum from dogs, cats, and horses.
PROCEDURES Clinically normal corneas from dogs, cats, and horses were harvested within 2 hours after euthanasia. Serum samples from dogs, cats, and horses were collected and pooled by species. Corneal specimens were incubated with collagenase derived from Clostridium histolyticum, 5mM calcium chloride in saline (0.9% NaCl) solution, and feline, canine, or equine serum that had been stored for 0, 30, 90, or 180 days at −20° or −80°C. Following incubation, the corneal weight loss percentage and hydroxyproline concentration in the incubation fluid were calculated and compared among experimental combinations.
RESULTS Feline serum was more effective than canine or equine serum for minimizing corneal weight loss. Incubation with feline or equine, but not canine, serum significantly reduced hydroxyproline production. Serum storage duration did not affect corneal weight loss, but the hydroxyproline concentration was greater for corneal specimens that were incubated with serum that was stored for 90 days, compared with that for corneal specimens incubated with serum that was stored for 0, 30, or 180 days. Serum storage temperature did not affect corneal weight loss or hydroxyproline concentration.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that serum reduced corneal degradation in vitro, and the duration and temperature at which serum was stored did not affect its anticollagenase efficacy.
Gender Equality in Public Higher Education Institutions of Ethiopia: The Case of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
Authors: Egne Robsan Margo 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Ensuring gender equality in higher education system is high on the agenda worldwide particularly in science disciplines. This study explores the problems and prospects of gender equality in public higher education institutions of Ethiopia, especially in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Descriptive survey and analytical research methods were used in the study. Subjects of the study consisted of university instructors, higher education institutions gender affairs officers, and female students. Gender-related policy documents were also used as sources of data. Questionnaire, interviews, and documents analyses were employed as tools of data collection. The data were analysed using mixed methods. The study revealed a serious under representation of female students in science disciplines in the contemporary Ethiopian public higher learning institutions. The paper discusses both the core factors that discourage women from pursuing sciences and suggestions which may assist them join and succeed in sciences.
Academic Library as the Space for the Development of Future Specialists’ Competence
Authors: Kardeliene Laimute , Kardelis Kęstutis , Bakutyte Rima 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The article discloses the value of academic library. This value is deriving from the university purpose to prepare students to be able to deal with the increasing the flow of information in the society (Owusu - Ansah, 2001). Research was carried out in Utena University of applied science. First-year students (n = 140) made 48,3% of the sample, and third-year students (n = 150) - 51,7% of the investigated sample; males - 33,8% (n=98), and females - 66,2% (n=192). The conditions of academic library as student and future specialist empowered environment are validated: communicational, physical, pragmatic. The interpretation of research data disclosed that the academic library as learning environment and as environment which is empower the student to a professional qualification less or more improve future specialist professional, academically and as a personality. The future development of specialist competence effectiveness criteria can be considered as the nature of those experiences, which causes him to preparation for examinations and various settlements, preparation of projects and the search for the global academic community material created a topic of interest. The nature of experiences can reduce the educational impact of library. While improving learning environments are necessary to guide students with higher academic achievement and those who are spending more time in the library view.
A Case Study of ESD Implementation: Signs of Sustainable Leadership
Authors: Iliško Dzintra , Badyanova Yelena 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This article presents a case study of two schools that were identified as a result of UNESCO associated schools survey as cases of sustainable leadership and governance. The aim of the study is to present the two cases that were crystalized in the survey carried out at end of the United Nationsí Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005-2014). Prior to the in-depth study of two schools, the authors have carried out a survey of the heads and deputy heads of 26 UNSECO associated schools in Latvia on how schools are succeeding in improving educational outcomes, school development, cooperation with multiple stakeholders, and innovation. The authors have carried out semi structured interviews with the heads and deputy heads of two schools on the following questions: How has ESD updated and improved educational purposes and outcomes in your school? Does ESD improve test scores and/or achieve other desired outcomes? How does ESD help to improve and enrich school curriculum development in your school? How does ESD guide students to have the knowledge, skills and values to care for and solve the sustainable development issues that arise in your school? How does ESD help to strengthen the partnerships between schools and other stakeholders, including the surrounding community? How does ESD promote innovation in the teaching-learning conceptual framework?
Sedimentary fractions of phosphorus before and after drainage of an urban water body (Maltański Reservoir, Poland)
Authors: Rzymski Piotr , Sobczyński Tadeusz , Klimaszyk Piotr , Niedzielski Przemysław 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Urban reservoirs can receive high loads of chemicals, including persistent contaminants and eutrophication-promoting nutrients. To maintain their economic and recreational use, implementation of various restoration methods is often required. The Maltański Reservoir (Poland, Europe), a small, shallow and dammed urban water body, undergoes complete draining every four years as part of its restoration procedure. Here, we investigated the phosphorus (P) content and its fractions just before the reservoir was drained and after it had been completely filled with water again. As demonstrated, the highest accumulation of P occurred at sites through which the main water flow is directed. Calcium-bound and residual P constituted the largest proportion of P fractions. A shift in P fractions after the reservoir was drained and sediments were left without water for at least 4 months was observed. A decrease in phytoplankton utilized NH4Cl-P, Fe-P and NaOH-P fractions was found and followed a simultaneous increase in nearly biologically inaccessible HCl-P and practically biologically inactive residual P fractions. Our study demonstrates that complete drainage of the Maltański Reservoir may additionally decrease the risk of internal P loading through shifts in its fractions.
Development and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies Specific for Mouse and Human Fcγ Receptors
Authors: Tutt Alison L. , James Sonya , Laversin Stéphanie A. , Tipton Thomas R. W. , Ashton-Key Margaret , French Ruth R. , Hussain Khiyam , Vaughan Andrew T. , Dou Lang , Earley Alexander , Dahal Lekh N. , Lu Chen , Dunscombe Melanie , Chan H. T. Claude , Penfold Christine A. , Kim Jinny H. , Potter Elizabeth A. , Mockridge C. Ian , Roghanian Ali , Oldham Robert J. , Cox Kerry L. , Lim Sean H. , Teige Ingrid , Frendéus Bjorn , Glennie Martin J. , Beers Stephen A. , Cragg Mark S. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
FcγRs are key regulators of the immune response, capable of binding to the Fc portion of IgG Abs and manipulating the behavior of numerous cell types. Through a variety of receptors, isoforms, and cellular expression patterns, they are able to fine-tune and direct appropriate responses. Furthermore, they are key determinants of mAb immunotherapy, with mAb isotype and FcγR interaction governing therapeutic efficacy. Critical to understanding the biology of this complex family of receptors are reagents that are robust and highly specific for each receptor. In this study, we describe the development and characterization of mAb panels specific for both mouse and human FcγR for use in flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and immunocytochemistry. We highlight key differences in expression between the two species and also patterns of expression that will likely impact on immunotherapeutic efficacy and translation of therapeutic agents from mouse to clinic.