bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors and Antecedent Life Events in the Development of Anorexia Nervosa: A Portuguese Case‐Control Study
Authors: Machado Bárbara C. , Gonçalves Sónia F. , Martins Carla , Hoek Hans W. , Machado Paulo P. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe aetiology of anorexia nervosa (AN) is considered to be multifactorial. This study aims to identify potential risk factors for AN and whether these factors are specific to AN or precede the development of psychiatric disorders in general and to identify specific life events in the 12 months immediately preceding the onset of eating disorder (ED) symptoms.MethodA case‐control design was used to compare a group of women who meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria for AN (N = 86) with healthy controls (N = 86) and with a group of controls with other psychiatric disorders (N = 68), each group matched to the AN patients by age and parental socioeconomic status bands. Risk factors were assessed by interviewing each person with the Oxford Risk Factor Interview.ResultsWomen with AN reported significantly higher rates of perfectionism, negative attitudes toward parents' shape and weight, significant concern about feeling fat and a family history of AN or bulimia nervosa. Critical comments about weight, shape or eating was the most notable event in the year preceding AN onset.DiscussionPerfectionism and a family history of ED emerged as the most convergent findings in the development of AN, along with being critical toward parents' shape and weight, and feeling fat. Critical comments about appearance and eating seem to be an important precipitating factor in AN onset. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Influence of storage temperature and time on the physicochemical and bioactive properties of roselle‐fruit juice blends in plastic bottle
Authors: Mgaya‐Kilima Beatrice , Remberg Siv Fagertun , Chove Bernard Elias , Wicklund Trude 
Published: February 2014

AbstractRoselle‐fruit juice blends were made from roselle extract and mango, papaya, and guava juices at the ratio of 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, and 20:80, % roselle: fruit juice, respectively. The blends were pasteurized at 82.5°C for 20 min and stored in 100 mL plastic bottles at 28 and 4°C for 6 months. The effects of storage time and temperature on physicochemical and bioactive properties were evaluated. Total soluble solids, pH, and reducing sugars increased significantly (P < 0.05) in some blends while titratable acidity decrease with increasing storage time. Vitamin C, total monomeric anthocyanins (TMA), total phenols (TPC), and antioxidant activity (ferric reducing ability of plasma, FRAP) in all roselle‐fruit blends (40% roselle) decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at 28 and 4°C as storage progressed. Vitamin C in all roselle‐fruit blends (40% roselle) decreased from 58–55% to 43–42% when stored at 28 and 4°C, respectively. TMA losses were 86–65% at 28°C and 75–53% at 4°C while TPC losses were 66–58% at 28°C and 51–22% at 4°C. Loss of antioxidant capacity (FRAP) was 18–46% at 28°C and 17–35% at 4°C. A principal component analysis (PCA) differentiated roselle‐ juice fruit blends into two clusters with two principle components PC1 and PC2, which explained 97 and 3% (blends stored at ambient temperature) and 96 and 4% (blends stored at refrigerated temperature) of the variation, respectively. PC1 differentiated roselle‐guava juice blends which were characterized by vitamin C, TPC, FRAP, and pH, while PC2 from another cluster of roselle‐mango and roselle‐papaya juice blends and was characterized by TSS, RS, and color parameters (L* a* b*). However, TMA was the main variable with the highest effect on all roselle‐fruit juice blends regardless of the storage time and temperature.
White matter development and early cognition in babies and toddlers
Authors: O'Muircheartaigh Jonathan , Dean Douglas C. , Ginestet Cedric E. , Walker Lindsay , Waskiewicz Nicole , Lehman Katie , Dirks Holly , Piryatinsky Irene , Deoni Sean C.L. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe normal myelination of neuronal axons is essential to neurodevelopment, allowing fast inter‐neuronal communication. The most dynamic period of myelination occurs in the first few years of life, in concert with a dramatic increase in cognitive abilities. How these processes relate, however, is still unclear. Here we aimed to use a data‐driven technique to parcellate developing white matter into regions with consistent white matter growth trajectories and investigate how these regions related to cognitive development. In a large sample of 183 children aged 3 months to 4 years, we calculated whole brain myelin volume fraction (VFM) maps using quantitative multicomponent relaxometry. We used spatial independent component analysis (ICA) to blindly segment these quantitative VFM images into anatomically meaningful parcels with distinct developmental trajectories. We further investigated the relationship of these trajectories with standardized cognitive scores in the same children. The resulting components represented a mix of unilateral and bilateral white matter regions (e.g., cortico‐spinal tract, genu and splenium of the corpus callosum, white matter underlying the inferior frontal gyrus) as well as structured noise (misregistration, image artifact). The trajectories of these regions were associated with individual differences in cognitive abilities. Specifically, components in white matter underlying frontal and temporal cortices showed significant relationships to expressive and receptive language abilities. Many of these relationships had a significant interaction with age, with VFM becoming more strongly associated with language skills with age. These data provide evidence for a changing coupling between developing myelin and cognitive development. Hum Brain Mapp 35:4475–4487, 2014. © 2014 The Authors. Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Placebo analgesia and reward processing: Integrating genetics, personality, and intrinsic brain activity
Authors: Yu Rongjun , Gollub Randy L. , Vangel Mark , Kaptchuk Ted , Smoller Jordan W. , Kong Jian 
Published: February 2014

AbstractOur expectations about an event can strongly shape our subjective evaluation and actual experience of events. This ability, applied to the modulation of pain, has the potential to affect therapeutic analgesia substantially and constitutes a foundation for non‐pharmacological pain relief. A typical example of such modulation is the placebo effect. Studies indicate that placebo may be regarded as a reward, and brain activity in the reward system is involved in this modulation process. In the present study, we combined resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI) measures, genotype at a functional COMT polymorphism (Val158Met), and personality measures in a model to predict the magnitude of placebo conditioning effect indicated by subjective pain rating reduction to calibrated noxious stimuli. We found that the regional homogeneity (ReHo), an index of local neural coherence, in the ventral striatum, was significantly associated with conditioning effects on pain rating changes. We also found that the number of Met alleles at the COMT polymorphism was linearly correlated to the suppression of pain. In a fitted regression model, we found the ReHo in the ventral striatum, COMT genotype, and Openness scores accounted for 59% of the variance in the change in pain ratings. The model was further tested using a separate data set from the same study. Our findings demonstrate the potential of combining resting‐state connectivity, genetic information, and personality to predict placebo effect. Hum Brain Mapp 35:4583–4593, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparing MODFLOW simulation options for predicting intra‐meander flux
Authors: Han Bangshuai , Endreny Theodore A. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractDuring the evolution of meander bends, the intra‐meander groundwater head gradients steepen and generate zones of accelerated water and nutrient intra‐meander fluxes important for ecosystem processes. This paper compares and contrasts three MODFLOW groundwater model packages based on their simulation of intra‐meander flux for two stages of meander evolution observed in a sandbox river table and one level of river bed clogging, where the hydraulic conductivity in the river bed is lower than in the adjacent aquifer. These packages are the Time‐Variant Specified Head package [constant head (CHD)], River package (RIV), and Streamflow‐Routing package (SFR2), each controlling the groundwater or river head bounding the intra‐meander region. The RIV and SFR2 packages fix river stage and allow for variation in groundwater head below the river, which is suggested for simulating intra‐meander flux for all sinuosities with and without river bed clogging whenever river bed parameters are available. The CHD package fixes below river groundwater head and fails to simulate intra‐meander head loss and flux in meanders with high sinuosity or river bed clogging. In low sinuosity meanders and in cases without river bed clogging, there were no significant differences between MODFLOW packages for simulating river intra‐meander head loss and flux. This research demonstrates why MODFLOW users need to consider the limitations of each package when simulating intra‐meander flux in reaches with river bed clogging, high sinuosity, or similarly steep hydraulic gradients. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A simplified storm index method to extrapolate intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves for ungauged stations in central Chile
Authors: Pizarro Roberto , Valdés Rodrigo , Abarza Alejandro , Garcia‐Chevesich Pablo 
Published: February 2014

AbstractMost of meteorological stations in Chile register rainfall amounts once every 24 h. The creation of intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves requires continuous recorded data, and this insufficiency of proper instrumentation has resulted in a lack of IDF curves nationwide. The objective of this study is to further develop and evaluate the feasibility of a new method to estimate IDF curves in ungauged stations under Mediterranean climates of central Chile. A technique used to address this problem is the use of a storm index (SI), also known as the ‘K’ method, which allows the construction of IDF curves from stations with discontinuous data, by extrapolating data from stations with continuous records, as long as daily rainfall intensities for both stations differ by less than 2 mm h−1. To test the applicability of this method, SI values were calculated for 40 meteorological stations located throughout Central Chile (latitudes 30°S to 40°S). The extrapolated IDF curves were then compared with observed data, and the goodness of fit was determined. The results indicate that the storm index method can adequately estimate hourly IDF curve values for stations lacking of continuous rainfall data. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gene regulatory networks and epigenetic modifications in cell differentiation
Authors: Roy Siddhartha , Kundu Tapas K. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIt is becoming increasingly clear that the functionalities of an organism are mostly derived from regulation of its gene repertoire. Specialized cell types are created from pluripotent stem cells by regulating expression of genes. In eukaryotes, genes are primarily regulated by gene regulatory networks consisting of highly sequence‐specific transcription factors and epigenetic modifications. The former mode of regulation is more readily reversible and non‐heritable across cell generations, whereas the latter mode is less reversible and heritable. In this article, we explore the relationship between cell differentiation and the two modes of regulation of gene expression, focusing primarily on pluripotent and multipotent stem cells. Recent studies suggest that stem cells execute different gene expression programs, probably driven by one or more gene regulatory network(s). It is now also evident that as stem cells differentiate to more specialized progeny cells, rewriting of epigenetic marks occurs in parallel with the change in the pattern of gene expression. A conceptual framework is put forward in which it is proposed that the cell fate determining gene regulatory network in a pluripotent or multipotent cell has the capability to exist in multiple stationary states with each stationary state dictating a particular pattern of gene expression. We also propose that the broad pattern of gene expression in each stationary state, termed the lineage biased state or LIBS, resembles that of a more differentiated progeny cell. The differentiation process leading to a particular progeny cell involves rewriting of epigenetic marks that result in upregulation of genes in a LIBS and silencing of genes involved in alternative LIBS; thus selecting a particular pattern of gene expression and making a lineage commitment. © 2014 IUBMB Life, 66(2):100–109, 2014
The wonders of 2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose
Authors: Xi Haibin , Kurtoglu Metin , Lampidis Theodore J. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThrough the eons of time, out of all possible configurations, nature has selected glucose not only as a vital source of energy to sustain life but also as the molecule who's structure supplies the appropriate elements required for a cell to grow and multiply. This understanding, at least in part, explains the profound effects that the analog of glucose, 2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose, has been shown to have on as common and widespread diseases as cancer, viral infection, aging‐related morbidity, epilepsy, and others. This review is confined to summarizing some of the salient findings of this remarkable compound as they relate mainly to cancer. © 2014 IUBMB Life, 66(2):110–121, 2014
Hedonic Housing Prices in Paris: An Unbalanced Spatial Lag Pseudo‐Panel Model with Nested Random Effects
Authors: Baltagi Badi H. , Bresson Georges , Etienne Jean‐Michel 
Published: February 2014

SummaryThis paper estimates a hedonic housing model based on flats sold in the city of Paris over the period 1990–2003. This is done using maximum likelihood estimation, taking into account the nested structure of the data. Paris is historically divided into 20 arrondissements, each divided into four quartiers (quarters), which in turn contain between 15 and 169 blocks (îlot, in French) per quartier. This is an unbalanced pseudo‒panel data containing 156,896 transactions. Despite the richness of the data, many neighborhood characteristics are not observed, and we attempt to capture these neighborhood spillover effects using a spatial lag model. Using likelihood ratio tests, we find significant spatial lag effects as well as significant nested random error effects. The empirical results show that the hedonic housing estimates and the corresponding marginal effects are affected by taking into account the nested aspects of the Paris housing data as well as the spatial neighborhood effects.Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Space maintenance using crosslinked collagenated porcine bone grafted without a barrier membrane in one‐wall intrabony defects
Authors: Park Jung‐Im , Yang Cheryl , Kim Young‐Taek , Kim Min‐Soo , Lee Jung‐Seok , Choi Seong‐Ho , Jung Ui‐Won 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of crosslinked collagenated porcine bone (CPB) for the repair of surgically prepared one‐wall intrabony defects in dogs. Buccolingually opened, one‐wall, box‐type periodontal defects (4 × 5 mm) were prepared bilaterally at the mesial side of the mandibular fourth premolars in beagle dogs (N = 5). Block‐type CPB (4 × 5 × 5 mm) was placed on either the left or right side for the CPB site; the opposite site served as a sham‐surgery control. Micro‐computed tomographic and histological analyses were performed on block specimens obtained from the dogs after a 3‐month healing period. There was less mean bone regeneration and cementum regeneration at the experimental sites than at the sham‐surgery control sites. Most of the porcine bone particles were located under the floor of the defect and were sequestered from pristine bone. These findings show that CPB can be localized within the defect during the wound‐healing period by a process of crosslinking; however, the application of CPB alone without a barrier membrane may not be effective in promoting periodontal regeneration in noncontained‐type defects. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 102B: 1454–1461, 2014.
Is There a Relation Between Triglyceride Concentrations in Very Low Density Lipoprotein and the Index of Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Subjects?
Authors: Kurosaki Yoshifumi , Tsukushi Tomoaki , Munekata Shinichi , Kanoh Yuhsaku , Moriya Tatsumi , Nishinari Makoto , Aoyama Naoyoshi , Ogawa Zensuke 
Published: February 2014

BackgroundSerum very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels increase during the early stages of insulin resistance; therefore, determination of VLDL levels would be useful for evaluating the progression of metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical utility of triglyceride in VLDL (VLDL‐TG) level, determined using a homogeneous assay kit (Shino‐test Corporation, Tokyo, Japan), as an index of insulin resistance.MethodsWe enrolled 74 subjects in this study (diabetic subjects, n = 42; nondiabetic subjects, n = 32). The levels of VLDL‐TG, remnant‐like lipoprotein particle cholesterol, preheparin lipoprotein lipase mass, and other biochemical markers were determined.ResultsVLDL‐TG levels were significantly higher in the diabetic group (1.04 ± 0.84 mmol/l vs. 0.64 ± 0.42 mmol/l, P < 0.01) than in the nondiabetic group. In the nondiabetic group, VLDL‐TG was significantly correlated with the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR), the index for insulin resistance (r = 0.513, P = 0.003). VLDL‐TG levels, but not TG levels, were higher in the highest quartile (HOMA‐IR) of the nondiabetic group.ConclusionVLDL‐TG level was a useful early marker for insulin resistance, especially in nondiabetic subjects. The homogeneous VLDL‐TG assay is a simple, low‐cost method for determining insulin resistance.
Delta Mean Neutrophil Volume (ΔMNV) is Comparable to Procalcitonin for Predicting Postsurgical Bacterial Infection
Authors: Zhu Yihua , Cao Xingjian , Zhang Kexia , Xie Wei , Xu Dongsheng , Zhong Chongjun 
Published: February 2014

BackgroundThe Coulter LH750 (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA) analyzer can determine intrinsic biophysical properties of white blood cell (WBC), known as cell population data. Previous studies have shown that mean neutrophil volume (MNV) was significantly increased in postsurgical patients with bacterial infection. To further validate its potential clinical usefulness, we investigate the changes in MNV before and after surgery, called ΔMNV. We also compare the ΔMNV with procalcitonin (PCT) and C‐reactive protein (CRP) in terms of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for postsurgical bacterial infection.MethodsBlood samples from 300 healthy controls, 219 cardiac surgical patients without postsurgical infection, and 31 cardiac surgical patients complicated with postsurgical bacterial infection were studied.ResultsThere are no statistically significant differences for WBC count and neutrophil percentage prior to or after surgery between postsurgical noninfected and infected patients. However, the ΔMNV is significantly increased in postsurgical infected patients when compared with noninfected patients (P < 0.05). The receiver‐operating characteristics analysis reveals the ΔMNV and PCT have largest areas under curves (0.92, 0.93 on the second day and 0.94, 0.99 on the third day postsurgery, respectively) compared to other parameters.ConclusionΔMNV shows comparable sensitivity and specificity to PCT and superior sensitivity and specificity to WBC or CRP for predicting postsurgical bacterial infection. The potential clinical application of this parameter merits further exploration in a larger prospective study.
A Study of Hepcidin and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein‐1 in Egyptian Females With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Mohammed Moataz Fatthy , Belal Dawlat , Bakry Seham , Marie Mohamed A. , Rashed Laila , Eldin Reham Emad , El‐Hamid Samah Abd 
Published: February 2014

BackgroundLupus nephritis is one of the most serious manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Novel biomarkers are necessary to enhance the diagnostic accuracy, prognostic stratification, monitoring of treatment response, and detection of early renal flares.MethodsOur study was conducted on 90 participants. They were divided into three groups, group I (controls) encompassed 30 ages and sex‐matched healthy personnel. Group II included 30 non‐nephritic SLE patients and finally group III included 30 SLE nephritic patients. Urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (UMCP‐1) and hepcidin were evaluated by ELISA technique, compared and correlated in different groups, with each other and with other routine variables and with renal biopsy done to study group (III).ResultsBoth UMCP‐1 and hepcidin in group III showed significant increase compared to other two groups (controls and group II) (468 ± 128, 111 ± 12, 252 ± 56 pg/ml, respectively, for UMCP‐1 and 40 ± 12, 11 ± 2, 20 ± 5 ng/ml, respectively, for hepcidin, P < 0.01). Also both UMCP‐1 and hepcidin in group III showed significant increase in diffuse proliferative subgroup compared to focal proliferative and mesangioproliferative subgroups (580 ± 43, 502 ± 46, and 352.6 ± 100 pg/ml, respectively, for UMCP‐1 and 47.8 ± 9.5, 41.4 ± 6, and 32.9 ± 10.8 ng/ml, respectively, for urinary hepcidin, P < 0.05).ConclusionUMCP‐1 and hepcidin could be associated with the susceptibility of lupus nephritis.
Evaluation of Renal Functions in Preterm Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Tabel Yılmaz , Öncül Mehmet , Elmas Ahmet Taner , Güngör Serdal 
Published: February 2014

BackgroundThe aim of this prospective study was to evaluate urinary glutathione S transferases π (GST‐π), beta‐2‐microglobulin (B2‐MG), and N‐acetyl‐β‐d‐glucosaminidase (NAG) levels as markers revealing the effect of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) on renal function in preterm infants.MethodsThe study was performed with 76 preterm infants whose gestational ages were between 28 and 32 weeks. Twenty‐six preterm infants with RDS (cases) and 50 preterm infants without RDS (controls) enrolled in the study. Blood and urine samples were obtained on postnatal (PN) day 3 and 30. Urinary GST‐π levels were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and urinary B2‐MG levels were determined by nephelometric method.ResultsThere was no significant difference in urinary B2‐MG and GST‐π levels between RDS and non‐RDS groups on PN day 3 (P > 0.05 for each). However, preterm infants with RDS had significantly higher urinary B2‐MG and GST‐π levels than the control group on PN day 30 (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.031, respectively). Urinary NAG levels were higher in RDS group than those of the controls on both PN day 3 and 30, but these findings were not statistically significant (P > 0.05, for each).ConclusionPreterm infants with RDS had increased levels of both GST‐π and B2‐MG levels on PN day 30, suggesting subclinical tubular dysfunction, probably secondary to hypoxic stress.