bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The swimming habits of women who cold water swim
Authors: Pound Megan , Massey Heather , Roseneil Sasha , Williamson Ruth , Harper Mark , Tipton Mike , Shawe Jill , Felton Malika , Harper Joyce 
Published: August 2024

Background: Cold water swimming is growing in popularity, especially among women. We have previously reported that women felt that cold water swimming helps with their menstrual and menopause symptoms. But little is known about the habits of women who cold water swim. Objectives: To determine the habits of women who cold water swim. Design: This was a mixed-methods study. Methods: An online survey asked women who cold water swim about their experience of swimming and how this affected their menstrual and menopause symptoms. The survey was advertised for 2 months on social media, with a focus on advertising in cold water swimming Facebook groups. In this article, only the questions on the women’s swimming habits were analyzed. Results: The analysis of 1114 women, mainly from the United Kingdom, revealed that most had been swimming for 1–5 years (79.5%). Most swim in the sea (64.4%), and only 15.5% swim alone. The majority (89.0%) swim all year around, swimming for mainly 30–60 min in the summer and 5–15 min in the winter. The women mostly swim wearing swimming costumes (skins) throughout the year. The majority of the free-text responses showed women found mental and physical benefits from cold water swimming. Conclusion: It was not surprising to learn that women swim for longer in the summer than the winter, but hearing how they feel cold water swimming helps their physical and mental health is important. With the limitations on access and safety of many wild swimming sites in the United Kingdom, it is time to ensure that cold water swimming is safer and more supported.
Dispensing patterns of antidepressant and antianxiety medications for psychiatric disorders after benign hysterectomy in reproductive-age women: Results from group-based trajectory modeling
Authors: Ishiwata Ryota , AlAshqar Abdelrahman , Miyashita-Ishiwata Mariko , Borahay Mostafa A 
Published: August 2024

Background: Women with gynecologic disorders requiring a hysterectomy often have co-existing psychiatric diagnoses. A change in the dispensing pattern of antidepressant (AD) and antianxiety (AA) medications around the time of hysterectomy may be due to improvement in gynecologic symptoms, such as pelvic pain and abnormal bleeding, or the emotional impact of the hysterectomy. Unfortunately, these dispensing patterns before and after hysterectomy are currently undescribed. Objectives: To model the dispensing patterns of AD and AA medications over time among women with psychiatric disorders before and after benign hysterectomy for endometriosis and uterine fibroids; and to characterize clusters of patients with various dispensing behaviors based on these patterns. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Methods: This is a study of women who underwent a benign hysterectomy using data from the Merative MarkertScan® Research Databases (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Inclusion criteria were reproductive-aged women (18–50 years), diagnosis of at least one mood or anxiety disorder, and at least one dispensing of AD or AA medications. We measured monthly adherence and persistence of AD/AA medication use over 12 months after hysterectomy. Group-based-trajectory modeling (GBTM) was used to identify trajectory groups of monthly AD/AA medication dispensing over the study period. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with individual dispensing trajectory patterns. Results: For a total of 11,607 patients, 6 dispensing trajectory groups were identified during the study period: continuously high (27.0%), continuously moderate (21.9%), continuously low (17.9%), low-to-high (10.0%), moderate-to-low (9.8%), and low-to-moderate (13.4%). Compared with the continuously high group, younger age, no history of a mood disorder, and uterine fibroids were clinical predictors of low dispensing. The discontinuation rate at 3 months after hysterectomy was higher at 88.6% in the continuously low group and at 66.5% in the continuously low-to-moderate group. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that GBTM identified six distinct trajectories of AD/AA medication dispensing in the perioperative period. Trajectory models could be used to identify specific dispensing patterns for targeting interventions.
Help-seeking behaviour in dysmenorrhoea: A cross-sectional exploration using the Behavioural Model of Health Services Use
Authors: Matheson Sophie C , Durand Hannah 
Published: August 2024

Background: Dysmenorrhoea, or period pain, is a prevalent gynaecological condition that can result in functional interference during menstruation. Despite the significant disruption dysmenorrhoea can have on functioning and well-being, medical help-seeking rates are low. Little is known about what factors may predict help-seeking for dysmenorrhoea. Objectives: The current study aimed to test the predictive validity of the Behavioural Model of Health Services Use (BMHSU) for help-seeking behaviour in dysmenorrhoea, whereby help-seeking behaviour was operationalised as having attended to a healthcare professional for dysmenorrhoea-related care. Design: A cross-sectional observational design was used. Methods: Participants ( N = 439) completed an online survey, which measured the following eight predictor variables: menstrual pain characteristics, health beliefs, self-efficacy, social support utilisation and satisfaction, perceived healthcare availability, and pain intensity and interference. Participants were also asked to report whether they had ever attended to a healthcare professional for their menstrual pain. Results: The BMHSU accounted for 8% of the variance in help-seeking behaviour. Pain interference and appointment availability were significant predictors of the variance in past help-seeking behaviour, such that those who experienced greater pain interference, and those who perceived greater availability of healthcare appointments were less likely to have visited a healthcare professional for their menstrual pain. The BMHSU had an overall 69% classification accuracy in predicting help-seeking behaviour. Conclusion: Although the BMHSU demonstrated reasonably good model fit, it does not appear to be a particularly robust model for predicting help-seeking behaviour for dysmenorrhoea. Future research should explore whether a refined BMHSU or an alternative theoretical model can provide more useful insight into this behaviour. Better understanding of the determinants of help-seeking behaviour will enable the development of interventions to promote appropriate help-seeking and improve health outcomes for individuals with menstrual pain.
Early evaluation of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ctDNA-guided selection for adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II colon cancer
Authors: Kramer Astrid , Greuter Marjolein J. E. , Schraa Suzanna J. , Vink Geraldine R. , Phallen Jillian , Velculescu Victor E. , Meijer Gerrit A. , van den Broek Daan , Koopman Miriam , Roodhart Jeanine M. L. , Fijneman Remond J. A. , Retèl Valesca P. , Coupé Veerle M. H. 
Published: August 2024

Background: Current patient selection for adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) after curative surgery for stage II colon cancer (CC) is suboptimal, causing overtreatment of high-risk patients and undertreatment of low-risk patients. Postoperative circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) could improve patient selection for ACT. Objectives: We conducted an early model-based evaluation of the (cost-)effectiveness of ctDNA-guided selection for ACT in stage II CC in the Netherlands to assess the conditions for cost-effective implementation. Methods: A validated Markov model, simulating 1000 stage II CC patients from diagnosis to death, was supplemented with ctDNA data. Five ACT selection strategies were evaluated: the current guideline (pT4, pMMR), ctDNA-only, and three strategies that combined ctDNA status with pT4 and pMMR status in different ways. For each strategy, the costs, life years, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), recurrences, and CC deaths were estimated. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the impact of the costs of ctDNA testing, strategy adherence, ctDNA as a predictive biomarker, and ctDNA test performance. Results: Model predictions showed that compared to current guidelines, the ctDNA-only strategy was less effective (+2.2% recurrences, −0.016 QALYs), while the combination strategies were more effective (−3.6% recurrences, +0.038 QALYs). The combination strategies were not cost-effective, since the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was €67,413 per QALY, exceeding the willingness-to-pay threshold of €50,000 per QALY. Sensitivity analyses showed that the combination strategies would be cost-effective if the ctDNA test costs were lower than €1500, or if ctDNA status was predictive of treatment response, or if the ctDNA test performance improved substantially. Conclusion: Adding ctDNA to current high-risk clinicopathological features (pT4 and pMMR) can improve patient selection for ACT and can also potentially be cost-effective. Future studies should investigate the predictive value of post-surgery ctDNA status to accurately evaluate the cost-effectiveness of ctDNA testing for ACT decisions in stage II CC.
Glycaemic outcomes in people living with diabetes under 65 and over 65 years old using an intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring system
Authors: Wong Carol , De Bray Anne , Ul Hassan Naeem , Almohandes Ahmed , Thant Kyi Zin , Gill Sofia , Gill Dayna , Forsdick Hayley , Sinclair Alan J , Karamat Muhammad Ali , Bellary Srikanth 
Published: August 2024

Objective: Intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) has revolutionised the care of people with diabetes but its uptake and benefits in older adults are not well known. We examined the impact of isCGM (Freestyle Libre, FSL) on glycaemic outcomes in younger (⩽65 years) and older adults (>65 years) with diabetes. Design and methods: In total, 2260 adult patients registered on the Libreview account at University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK, were included. Inclusion criteria: all patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes aged >18 years, use of isCGM >6 months, scanning at least 6 times/day. Demographics, diabetes history and glycaemic outcomes (time in range (TIR), time above range and time below range (TBR), estimated HbA1c, HbA1c at start and at end of study) were collected by accessing electronic patient records and Libreview. Outcomes were compared between age groups ⩽65 or >65 years old. Results: Most patients were of Caucasian ethnicity (⩽65 years 68%, >65 years 73%) and had type 1 diabetes. Mean duration of diabetes was 19.5 years (range 0–65 years) and 34.5 years (range 0–79 years) for ⩽65 and >65 years, respectively. Only a quarter of those ⩽65 years achieved (219/943; 23.2%) their age specific TIR target compared to 69% (78/113) of those >65 years cohort, while 70.1% (663/946) of ⩽65 years and 40.7% (46/113) of >65 years achieved their age-specific TBR target. When the less strict ⩽65 years TBR target was applied, 75% (85/113) of >65 years cohort achieved this. Conclusion: FSL use was associated with improved glycaemic outcomes across all age groups. Individualised targets may be needed to improve TBR in those aged >65 years.
The Fully Understanding Eating and Lifestyle Behaviors (FUEL) trial: Protocol for a cohort study harnessing digital health tools to phenotype dietary non-adherence behaviors during lifestyle intervention
Authors: Goldstein Stephanie P. , Mwenda Kevin M. , Hoover Adam W. , Shenkle Olivia , Jones Richard N. , Thomas John Graham 
Published: August 2024

Objective Lifestyle intervention can produce clinically significant weight loss and reduced disease risk/severity for many individuals with overweight/obesity. Dietary lapses, instances of non-adherence to the recommended dietary goal(s) in lifestyle intervention, are associated with less weight loss and higher energy intake. There are distinct “types” of dietary lapse (e.g., eating an off-plan food, eating a larger portion), and behavioral, psychosocial, and contextual mechanisms may differ across dietary lapse types. Some lapse types also appear to impact weight more than others. Elucidating clear lapse types thus has potential for understanding and improving adherence to lifestyle intervention. Methods This 18-month observational cohort study will use real-time digital assessment tools within a multi-level factor analysis framework to uncover “lapse phenotypes” and understand their impact on clinical outcomes. Adults with overweight/obesity ( n = 150) will participate in a 12-month online lifestyle intervention and 6-month weight loss maintenance period. Participants will complete 14-day lapse phenotyping assessment periods at baseline, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months in which smartphone surveys, wearable devices, and geolocation will assess dietary lapses and relevant phenotyping characteristics. Energy intake (via 24-h dietary recall) and weight will be collected at each assessment period. Results This trial is ongoing; data collection began on 31 October 2022 and is scheduled to complete by February 2027. Conclusion Results will inform novel precision tools to improve dietary adherence in lifestyle intervention, and support updated theoretical models of adherence behavior. Additionally, these phenotyping methods can likely be leveraged to better understand non-adherence to other health behavior interventions. Trial Registration This study was prospectively registered https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05562427
Proportional Hazards Model on Attrition and its Predictors in Community Antiretroviral Refill Groups among ART Users in Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Asmare Lakew , Bayou Fekade Demeke , Arefaynie Mastewal , Mekonen Asnakew Molla , Tareke Abiyu Abadi , Keleb Awoke , Abera Kaleab Mesfin , Kebede Natnael , Gebeyehu Endalkachew Mesfin , Ayres Aznamariam , Tsega Yawkal , Endawkie Abel , Kebede Shimels Derso , Abeje Eyob Tilahun , Enyew Ermias Bekele , Daba Chala 
Published: August 2024

Background The HIV epidemic continues to be a major public health challenge worldwide, particularly in sub-Saharan African countries such as Ethiopia. Community-based antiretroviral refill groups are emerging as a patient-centered approach, but there is limited evidence. Therefore, this study aimed to assess attrition and predictors in community antiretroviral refill groups among ART users in Eastern Ethiopia. Methods Institutional-based retrospective cohort study was conducted. Systematic random sampling techniques were used. Data were collected via Kobo Collect and exported to Stata. Statistically significant effects were assumed for a P-value < 0.05 at a confidence interval of 95%. Results The incidence of attrition in community-based ART refill groups was 6.63 (95% CI: 5.78, 7.48) per 100 person-years. The median duration of months in CAGs from the start till the end of the follow-up period was 9 months (IQR = 24). Thus, recruitment level from health facilities, history of LTFU, and stage IV were statistically significant variables. Conclusion The findings of this study highlight the importance of improving the use of community antiretroviral groups in care. Healthcare programs can ultimately improve health outcomes for individuals living with HIV.
Comparing Ultrasound and MRI Evaluations of the Hamstring Tendon for Predicting Autograft Size in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Qiao Yi , Zhang Xiuyuan , Zhao Yu , Wu Chenliang , Xu Caiqi , Chen Jie , Zhao Jinzhong , Zhao Song 
Published: August 2024

Background: Adequate graft size and length are crucial factors in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Accurate identification of patients who may be at risk for an insufficient length or size of the hamstring tendon (HT) can aid surgeons in preoperative planning. Purpose: To evaluate whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound could more accurately predict the size of the semitendinosus tendon (ST) and gracilis tendon (GT) and to investigate the correlation between anthropometry, graft size, and imaging measurements to find a predictive formula. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Included in the study were 36 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with HT autograft at our institution between July 2021 and May 2022. Anthropometric data and MRI and ultrasound measurements were collected preoperatively. The length and diameter of the HT were recorded intraoperatively. Correlations between anthropometry, graft size, and imaging measurements were analyzed. Linear regression analysis was performed to construct a prediction formula. Results: The intraoperative graft diameters of the ST and GT were weakly to moderately associated with their cross-sectional areas as measured by MRI and ultrasound. MRI and ultrasound interpreted 11.9% to 15.7% and 18.4% to 41.7% of the variation in the graft diameter of the HT, with an accuracy of 50.0% to 55.6% and 69.4% to 86.1%, respectively. The intraoperative lengths of the ST and GT were both associated with patient height and tendon lengths as measured by ultrasound. Additionally, intraoperative GT length was associated with patient weight. Four formulas combining relevant anthropometric parameters and imaging measurements were calculated from multilinear regression analysis, explaining up to 46.3% of the variance in the size of HT. Conclusion: Ultrasound and MRI alone showed limited ability to predict the graft diameter of the ST and GT, while ultrasound could more accurately predict the graft size than MRI. Among the different anthropometric variables, height was the most influential in predicting tendon length.
How word meaning structure relates to executive functioning and theory of mind in children with developmental language disorder: A multiple case study
Authors: Camminga Thomas F. , Hermans Daan , Segers Eliane , Vissers Constance T.W.M. 
Published: August 2024

Background and aims Many children with developmental language disorder (DLD) have difficulties in executive functioning (EF) and theory of mind (ToM). These difficulties might be explained by the theory that children's conceptual understanding changes over five stages of word meaning structure, from concrete and context-dependent to abstract and precise. We present a multiple case study examining how word meaning structure relates to EF and ToM in children with DLD. Methods Participants were five children with DLD aged 9–12 and five typically developing children matched for age, gender, and nonverbal intelligence. Word meaning structure was assessed using new dynamic test. EF was assessed using the Zoo Map Task and Behavioral Rating Inventory for EF. ToM was assessed using the ToM test, Frith-Happé Animations, and Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire. Behavioral problems were measured using the Child Behavior Checklist. Anamnestic interviews with the parents were conducted to describe the case histories. Results For the children with DLD, lower scores in the word meaning structure task were observed compared to those observed for their matched peers, with no statistical test applied. Word meaning structure related positively to EF and ToM, but not to behavioral problems. Instances in which word meaning structure dissociates from EF and ToM are discussed in individual case descriptions. Conclusions By linking language to conceptual development, variations in word meaning structure may explain some EF and ToM difficulties in children with DLD. Implications The present study offers a basis for future research on the relationships among word meaning structure, EF, and ToM.
FROM PLEDGE TO PRACTICE: Delivering Corporate Net-Zero Emissions
Authors: Esty Daniel C. , Menz Alyssa M. 
Published: August 2024

Corporate executives must struggle with a diversity of concerns as they tackle the challenge of moving toward net-zero greenhouse gas emissions. Recognizing that there is no one-size-fits-all solution, Dan Esty and Alyssa Menz provide business leaders with guidance on how to create and implement an effective net-zero pledge backed by a compelling business transformation game plan.
Integrating Family Caregivers Into Cancer Care: Implementation of Evidence-Based Caregiver Protocols Into Gynecologic Oncology Practice
Authors: Thomas Teresa Hagan , Campbell Grace , Tan Kelly R. , Murray Patty Jo , Loughlin Kimm , Roberge Mary C. , Wang Youjia , Lee Young Ji , DiLello Ryan , Donovan Heidi S. 
Published: August 2024

PURPOSE Family caregivers (CGs) of individuals with cancer are increasingly relied upon to provide long-term, sometimes intense care, although their integration into clinical cancer care remains minimal. The Caregiver Advocacy, Research, and Education (CARE) Center is a novel nurse-led academic-clinical partnership to support family CGs of individuals with gynecologic cancer. This study aims to describe the implementation of the Center protocols and report metrics of CG needs and Center support. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Center's goals are to identify, assess, and provide tailored support to CGs. Initially, Center protocols included assessment of CGs' self-identified distress (distress thermometer, 0 = no distress to 10 = extreme distress) and needs (yes or no). Tailored support on the basis of CG distress was provided by in-person and remote staff who provided complementary, concurrent support based on CG need: evidence-based self-management guides, self-management support, referral to specialty services. Center documentation was analyzed to describe Center reach and CG distress. RESULTS From November 2019 to June 2023, CGs (N = 1,250) were identified through referrals, new patient outreach, and inpatient visits. Seven hundred and six CGs (56.5%) were assessed through a needs-based assessment, and 515 (41.2%) CGs received tailored support. CGs were mostly men (53.0%) and the mean distress was 4.4/10 (standard deviation, 3.1). CG distress was moderately associated with CG needs including maintaining emotional (ρ = 0.40; P < .001) and physical (ρ = 0.31; P < .001) health and managing patient symptoms (ρ = 0.33; P < .001). CONCLUSION Center protocols facilitate identification of high-need CGs within a cancer clinic. Future research will longitudinally evaluate the impact of Center protocols on CG and patient outcomes, incorporating updated assessment tools.
What the Writer Found There: David Peace's Occupied City
Authors: Ivy Marilyn 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This essay seeks to understand the writing strategies and structures that David Peace uses in Occupied City, the second novel of his Tokyo Trilogy set in the American occupation period (1945–52). Focusing on the (still unsolved) historical crime of the Teikoku Bank mass murders of 1948 and its linkages to the Japanese army's Unit 731 wartime experiments with plague and germ warfare in China—war crimes that were covered up by the Americans—Peace sustains Artaud's notions of plague and theater as he uses spirit mediumship within implicit textual figurations of the Rashōmon complex (as medieval tale, as modernist literary icon Akutagawa Ryūnosuke's retelling, and Akira Kurosawa's occupation-era filmic allegory) to stage multiple haunted and contesting testimonies about these unjustly repressed and unresolved crimes of war and postwar.