bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hadamard slice encoding for reduced‐FOV diffusion‐weighted imaging
Authors: Saritas Emine Ulku , Lee Daeho , Çukur Tolga , Shankaranarayanan Ajit , Nishimura Dwight G. 
Published: November 2013

PurposeTo improve the clinical utility of diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) by extending the slice coverage of a high‐resolution reduced field‐of‐view technique.TheoryChallenges in achieving high spatial resolution restrict the use of DWI in assessment of small structures such as the spinal cord. A reduced field‐of‐view method with 2D echo‐planar radiofrequency (RF) excitation was recently proposed for high‐resolution DWI. Here, a Hadamard slice‐encoding scheme is proposed to double the slice coverage by exploiting the periodicity of the 2D echo‐planar RF excitation profile.MethodsA 2D echo‐planar RF pulse and matching multiband refocusing RF pulses were designed using the Shinnar‐Le Roux algorithm to reduce band interference, and variable‐rate selective excitation to shorten the pulse durations. Hadamard‐encoded images were resolved through a phase‐preserving image reconstruction. The performance of the method was evaluated via simulations, phantom experiments, and in vivo high‐resolution axial DWI of spinal cord.ResultsThe proposed scheme successfully extends the slice coverage, while preserving the sharp excitation profile and the reliable fat suppression of the original method. For in vivo axial DWI of the spinal cord, an in‐plane resolution of 0.7 × 0.7 mm2 was achieved with 16 slices.ConclusionThe proposed Hadamard slice‐encoding scheme doubles the slice coverage of the 2D echo‐planar RF reduced field‐of‐view method without any scan‐time penalty. Magn Reson Med 72:1277–1290, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
User‐centric context data collection and provision harnessing Content‐Centric Networking paradigm
Authors: Seo Sin‐seok , Kang Joon‐Myung , Leon‐Garcia Alberto , Han Yoonseon , Won‐Ki Hong James 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYA comprehensive context management approach is necessary in the era of ubiquitous technologies, and efficient context data collection is one of the most fundamental and important processes for realizing comprehensive context management. Traditional context data collection approaches are based on Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) or User Datagram Protocol (UDP) over Internet Protocol (IP), which has several disadvantages, such as lack of efficient mobility support, security and data transfer efficiency. Content‐Centric Networking (CCN), on the other hand, provides advantages in terms of mobility, security and bandwidth efficiency in comparison with IP. In this paper, we introduce our user‐centric comprehensive context management framework, and propose a secure and efficient context data collection and provision approach based on the framework using CCN as a network and transport layer. This context collection approach provides a flexible security mechanism by introducing three levels of security type. It also provides bandwidth efficiency by taking advantage of CCN's content caching; performance evaluation results show that our approach can reduce bandwidth consumption up to 99% for pull and up to 46% for push in comparison to a UDP/IP‐based system. Our approach also provides advantages in supporting mobility and leveraging multiple interfaces. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Field trial of a putative research algorithm for diagnosing ICD‐11 personality disorders in psychiatric patients: 1. Severity of personality disturbance
Authors: Kim Youl‐Ri , Blashfield Roger , Tyrer Peter , Hwang Soon‐Taeg , Lee Hong‐Seock 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTThis preliminary field trial examines the reliability and validity of a proposed research algorithm for diagnosing International Classification of Diseases (ICD)‐11 personality disorders and its association with other psychiatric assessments for the primary classification of a single dimension of the five severity levels of personality dysfunction. In total, 137 psychiatric patients (119 with personality disorders and 18 without personality disorders) in Korea were assessed. In the first part of the study, inter‐rater reliability was evaluated with an independent assessment of personality (personality assessment schedule). In the second part of the study, (1) the algorithm that identified any personality disturbance was compared with the ICD‐10 and DSM‐IV personality disorder diagnostic equivalents, and (ii) the four levels of severity were examined for their associations with clinical pathology and social functioning. The results showed good agreement between the algorithm and the test instruments for identifying a personality disorder. A graded increase in clinical pathology and social dysfunction was observed with increasing severity of personality disorder. These findings suggest that a simple algorithm for recording severity of a personality disturbance had both construct validity and was useful in practice, which supports severity classification as a valuable concept. These findings need to be confirmed in other cultures and ethnic groups. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Plasmonic protection of the hot‐electron energy
Authors: Kempa Krzysztof 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn the Letter by K. Kempa, the definitions of two auxiliary constants in Eqs. (10) and (11) were incorrectly given by the author. He now wishes to correct these equations. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Adaptive inverse control for parametric strict feedback systems with unknown failures of hysteretic actuators
Authors: Cai Jianping , Wen Changyun , Su Hongye 
Published: November 2013

SummaryAn adaptive compensation control scheme is proposed by using backstepping techniques for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems preceded by m hysteretic actuators, which exhibit unknown backlash nonlinearity and possibly experience unknown failures. An estimated smooth inverse of the actuator backlash is utilized in the controller design to compensate for the effects of the backlash and actuator failures. It is shown that the designed controllers can ensure all signals of closed‐loop system bounded for any failure pattern of hysteretic actuators and tracking performance is also maintained. Simulation studies confirm the effectiveness of the proposed controller, especially the improvement of system performances. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A data‐centric framework for debugging highly parallel applications
Authors: Dinh Minh Ngoc , Abramson David , Jin Chao , Gontarek Andrew , Moench Bob , DeRose Luiz 
Published: November 2013

SummaryContemporary parallel debuggers allow users to control more than one processing thread while supporting the same examination and visualisation operations of that of sequential debuggers. This approach restricts the use of parallel debuggers when it comes to large scale scientific applications run across hundreds of thousands compute cores. First, manually observing the runtime data to detect error becomes impractical because the data is too big. Second, performing expensive but useful debugging operations becomes infeasible as the computational codes become more complex, involving larger data structures, and as the machines become larger. This study explores the idea of a data‐centric debugging approach, which could be used to make parallel debuggers more powerful. It discusses the use of ad hoc debug‐time assertions that allow a user to reason about the state of a parallel computation. These assertions support the verification and validation of program state at runtime as a whole rather than focusing on that of only a single process state. Furthermore, the debugger's performance can be improved by exploiting the underlying parallel platform because the available compute cores can execute parallel debugging functions, while a program is idling at a breakpoint. We demonstrate the system with several case studies and evaluate the performance of the tool on a 20 000 cores Cray XE6. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ultrasound estimation of birth weight in twin pregnancy: comparison of biometry algorithms in the STORK multiple pregnancy cohort
Authors: Khalil A. , D'Antonio F. , Dias T. , Cooper D. , Thilaganathan B. ,   on behalf of the Southwest Thames Obstetric Research Collaborative (STORK)
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe aims of this study were first, to ascertain the accuracy of formulae for ultrasonographic birth‐weight estimation in twin compared with singleton pregnancies and second, to assess the accuracy of sonographic examination in the prediction of birth‐weight discordance in twin pregnancies.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study including both singleton and twin pregnancies. Routine biometry was recorded and estimated fetal weight (EFW) calculated using 33 different formulae. Only pregnancies that delivered within 48 h of the ultrasound scan were included (4280 singleton and 586 twin fetuses). Differences between the EFW and actual birth weight (ABW) were assessed by percentage error, accuracy in predictions within ± 10 % and ± 15% of error and use of the Bland–Altman method. The accuracy of prediction of the different cut‐offs of birth‐weight discordance in twin pregnancies was also assessed using the area under the receiver–operating characteristics curve (AUC).ResultsThe overall mean absolute percentage error was ≤ 10 % for 25 formulae in singleton pregnancies compared with three formulae in twin pregnancies. The overall predictions within ± 10% and ± 15% of the ABW were 62.2% and 81.5% in singleton and 49.7% and 68.5% in twin pregnancies, respectively. When the formulae were categorized according to the biometric parameters included, those based on a combination of head, abdomen and femur measurements showed the lowest mean absolute percentage error, in both singleton and twin pregnancies. The predictive accuracy for 25% birth‐weight discordance using the Hadlock 2 formula, as assessed by the AUC, was 0.87.ConclusionsUltrasound estimation of birth weight is less accurate in twin than in singleton pregnancies. Formulae that include a combination of head, abdomen and femur measurements perform best in both singleton and twin pregnancies. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Longitudinal changes in uterine artery Doppler and blood pressure and risk of pre‐eclampsia
Authors: Khalil A. , Garcia‐Mandujano R. , Maiz N. , Elkhaouli M. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate longitudinal changes in the uterine artery mean pulsatility index (UtA‐PI) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in women who develop pre‐eclampsia (PE) and gestational hypertension (GH).MethodsThis was a prospective longitudinal study of singleton pregnancies identified by screening at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks' gestation as being at high risk for PE. Measurements of UtA‐PI and MAP were taken every 4 weeks until delivery and were compared in women who developed preterm PE, requiring delivery before 37 weeks, term PE and GH with those in women who remained normotensive.ResultsIn the normal outcome group, UtA‐PI decreased with gestational age and MAP decreased between 12 and 24 weeks and then increased. In the preterm PE group, as compared to the normal group, UtA‐PI and MAP were higher from early pregnancy onward and the difference for both increased with gestational age. In the term PE group, UtA‐PI was significantly increased only from 33 weeks onward and MAP was increased from 12 weeks onward but the difference from normal did not increase with gestation. In GH, UtA‐PI did not differ significantly from normal but MAP was higher from 12 weeks onward.ConclusionThe study describes temporal changes in UtA‐PI and MAP in normal pregnancies and in women who develop PE and GH. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Kinetics of Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I) in Chinese sucker (Myxocyprinus asiaticus) Change with its Development
Authors: Liu Cai‐Xia , Luo Zhi , Hu Wei , Tan Xiao‐Ying , Zheng Jia‐Lang , Chen Qi‐Liang , Zhu Qing‐Ling 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe present study was conducted to evaluate the ontogeny and kinetic of CPT I in several tissues of the Chinese sucker Myxocyprinus asiaticus. To this end, liver, muscle and intestine tissues were examined at five various developmental stages of Chinese sucker: newly‐hatched larvae, 68‐day‐old, 4‐month‐old, 1‐ and 2‐year‐old Chinese sucker, respectively. The total carnitine (TC) content in the liver increased from birth to 1‐year‐old Chinese sucker and then declined in the 2‐year‐old Chinese sucker. From the 68‐day‐old to the 1‐year‐old Chinese sucker, both free and total concentrations in muscle increased. Both acyl carnitine (AC) and TC concentrations in intestine were very variable at different stages. The ratio of AC to free carnitine (FC) in liver progressively increased from hatching to 4 months, and declined at the age of 1 year, and then increased by 2 years. In muscle, the highest and lowest ratios of AC/FC were observed at 68‐days‐old and 4 month‐old Chinese sucker. The highest proportion of AC/FC in intestine was also observed at 68‐day‐old Chinese sucker. All the Chinese sucker larvae at hatching had a high value of the Michaelis constant (Km) for carnitine. Maximal velocity (Vmax) in intestine increased with age. Vmax in liver and muscle increased with age except a decrease at 4 months in liver and at 2 years in muscle. The FC concentration in the examined tissues at all developmental stages were less than the respective Km, indicating that Chinese suckers require supplemental carnitine in their food to ensure that CPT I activity is not constrained by carnitine availability.
Comparison of Balance Ability Between Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and With and Without Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Lim Kil‐Byung , Kim Dong Jun , Noh Jeong‐hyun , Yoo Jeehyun , Moon Jung‐Wha 
Published: November 2013

Objectives(1) To examine the effects of peripheral neuropathy on balance stability in patients with type 2 diabetes, and (2) to assess static and dynamic balance and functional limitations.DesignA cross‐sectional study.SettingOutpatient clinic.PatientsSubjects with type 2 diabetes and healthy subjects (n = 60) were divided into 3 groups: subjects with diabetes and with established peripheral neuropathy (diabetic peripheral neuropathy [DPN] group) (n = 17), subjects with diabetes and without peripheral neuropathy (diabetic control group) (n = 25), and subjects without diabetes (nondiabetic control [NDC] group) (n = 18).MethodsSensory impairment assessment, motor impairment assessment, and functional limitation assessment were assessed by using the Balance Master system.ResultsIn motor impairment assessment, left‐to‐right directional control in the rhythmic weight shift was significantly poorer in the diabetic control group than in the NDC group during slow movement (P = .027). During fast movement, it was poorer in the DPN group than in the NDC group (P = .022). In the unilateral stance test of functional limitation assessment with both eyes open, the mean center of gravity sway velocity was significantly higher in the DPN group than in the NDC group (P = .011 for the left leg standing, P = .008 for the right leg standing) and higher in the DPN group than in the diabetic control group (P = .027 for the right leg standing). In the tandem walk test, walking speed was significantly lower in the DPN group than in the NDC group (P = .033), and end sway was significantly greater in the DPN group than in the NDC group (P = .020).ConclusionsAnalysis of the results of this study suggest that functional limitations may occur more in the patients with diabetes and with peripheral neuropathy, and dynamic balance stability may decrease more with the patients with diabetes than with the subjects without diabetes. Further studies on balance rehabilitation that concern dynamic balance stabilities and exercise abilities are needed in patients with diabetes.
Using the isotope dating of endocontact hybrid rocks for the age determination of mafic rocks (southern Siberian craton)
Authors: Gladkochub D.P. , Donskaya T.V. , Wingate M.T.D. , Mazukabzov A.M. , Pisarevsky S.A. , Kornilova T.A. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Geological observations and petrological and geochemical criteria are used to detect hybrid rocks at the endocontact of a dolerite dike. The hybrid rocks were produced when the material of a mafic intrusion mixed with a felsic melt. The latter was produced by the melting of the metamorphic rocks making up the Goloustnaya basement inlier of the Siberian craton, under the thermal effect of the intruded dike. Two age groups of zircon have been identified in the hybrid rock by SHRIMP analysis. The Paleoproterozoic age of inherited zircon (1902, 1864, 1859, and 1855 Ma) reflects the contribution of ancient sources to the hybrid-rock composition. The young, primary-magmatic, zircon grains, produced by melting at the endocontact of the mafic intrusion (494 ± 5 Ma), are coeval with the hybrid rocks, and their age indicates when the mafic rocks intruded the metamorphic framework. Dikes of close age, with similar geochemical characteristics, are present on the vast southern margin of the Siberian craton—from Goloustnaya to Biryusa salients.
A record of the behavior of the geomagnetic field in the sediments of Lake Baikal (BDP-99 borehole)
Authors: Krainov M.A. , Peskov A.Yu. , Kosynkin A.V. , Kuz’min M.I. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The relative paleointensity of sedimentation is studied for sediments stripped by deep-water drilling in Lake Baikal (BDP-99 borehole). Two intervals are considered: 0–420 ka (Brunhes chron) and 1.05–1.09 Ma (before, during, and after the Matuyama–Jaramillo reversal). For these intervals, curves of the ideal magnetization of samples are plotted.
The paleointensity data obtained along the borehole section reveal four excursions for the Baikal sediments whose identification on the inclination–depth curve is complicated.
The lower part of the section (Matuyama–Jaramillo subzones) shows a paleointensity decrease by a factor of five or more relative to periods of invariable polarity.
Such stuff as psychoses are made on?
Authors: D'Agostino Armando , Scarone Silvio 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn her target article, Sue Llewellyn concludes that an unconstrained form of consciousness is necessary for the elaboration of meaningful associations. Unlike the author's view that dedifferentiation of memory encoding processes across wakefulness and sleep determines schizophrenia, our proposal suggests this mechanism could reflect a common neurobiological substrate for psychosis across several different diagnostic domains.
Differentiation-defective phenotypes revealed by large-scale analyses of human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Koyanagi-Aoi Michiyo , Ohnuki Mari , Takahashi Kazutoshi , Okita Keisuke , Noma Hisashi , Sawamura Yuka , Teramoto Ito , Narita Megumi , Sato Yoshiko , Ichisaka Tomoko , Amano Naoki , Watanabe Akira , Morizane Asuka , Yamada Yasuhiro , Sato Tosiya , Takahashi Jun , Yamanaka Shinya 
Published: November 2013

Significance
In the past few years, findings have been controversial in regard to whether human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are distinct from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in their molecular signatures and differentiation properties. In this study, hiPSCs and hESCs have overlapping variations in molecular signatures such as RNA expression and DNA methylation. However, some hiPSC clones retained a significant number of undifferentiated cells even after neural differentiation culture and formed teratoma when transplanted into mouse brains. These differentiation-defective hiPSC clones were marked by higher expression levels of several genes, including those expressed from long terminal repeats of specific human endogenous retroviruses. They need to be identified and eliminated prior to applications in regenerative medicine.
V4641 Sgr: a candidate precessing microblazar
Authors: Gallo Elena , Plotkin Richard M. , Jonker Peter G. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The X-ray spectrum of the Galactic X-ray binary V4641 Sgr in outburst has been found to exhibit a remarkably broad emission feature above 4 keV, with inferred equivalent widths up to 2 keV. Such a feature was first detected during the X-ray flaring activity associated with the giant outburst that the source experienced in 1999 September. The extraordinarily large equivalent width line was then ascribed to reflection/reprocessing of fluorescent Fe emission within an extended optically thick outflow enshrouding the binary system as a result of a short-lived, super-Eddington accretion episode. Making use of new and archival X-ray observations, we show here that a similar feature persists over four orders of magnitude in luminosity, down to Eddington ratios as low as log (LX/LEdd) ≃ −4.5, where the existence of an optically thick envelope appears at odds with any viable accretion flow model. Possible interpretations for this highly unusual X-ray spectrum include a blend of Doppler-shifted/boosted Fe lines from unresolved X-ray jets (a la SS433), or, the first Galactic analogue of a blazar spectrum, where the &gt;4 keV emission would correspond to the onset of the inverse Compton hump. This either requires a low-inclination angle of the jet with respect to the line of sight, in agreement with the estimates for the 1999 superluminal jet (ijet &lt; 10°). The fast variability of the feature, combined with the high orbital axis inclination (60° &lt; iorb &lt; 71°), argue for a rapidly precessing accretion flow around V4641 Sgr, possibly leading to a transient microblazar behaviour.
Naegeli–Franceschetti–Jadassohn Syndrome in a Saudi Arabian Family
Authors: Tubaigy Salah M. , Hassan H. M. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn the course of applying to become a soldier, a 23‐year‐old Saudi Arabian man was found to have no fingerprints. Further medical examination has been carried out for the young man and for the rest of family members including two sisters, mother, and brothers except the father who had died sometime previously. Subsequent medical investigations suggested that he and his two brothers displayed most of the features of the Naegeli–Franceschetti–Jadassohn (NFJ) syndrome. These features included skin changes with hypo‐ and hyperpigmentation, hypohidrosis, dystrophy of the nails, diffuse thickening of the palms and feet, a lack of fingerprints (dermatoglyphics), and atrophic changes in the skin of the face; there were also dental anomalies. A typical feature of the Naegeli–Franceschetti–Jadassohn syndrome was found in a Saudi Arabian family. The aim of this study was to present this rare condition affecting a Saudi Arabian family and review the current literature on the subject.
Sexual Dimorphism in the 7th Cervical and 12th Thoracic Vertebrae from a Mediterranean Population
Authors: Amores Anabel , Botella Miguel C. , Alemán Inmaculada 
Published: November 2013

AbstractSex determination is an important task in physical anthropology and forensic medicine. The study sample comprised 121 individuals of known sex, age, and cause of death from San Jose cemetery in Granada (Spain). Eight dimensions were analyzed, and discriminant function analysis was performed for each vertebra to obtain discriminating functions and study the percentage of correct assignations of these functions. The percentage accuracy was approximately 80% for both vertebrae, but varied according to the sex, being higher for the 7th cervical in males and higher for the 12th thoracic in females. As reported in other populations, the greatest dimorphism values were found for the length of the inferior surface of the vertebral body and the width and length of the vertebral foramen of the 7th cervical vertebra and for the length of the inferior surface of the vertebral body of the 12th thoracic vertebra.