bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes:As a prognostic parameter in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Kunhikoloth Sradha , Bijjaragi Seema , Somanath Anusha , Sah Vineet Prakash 
Published: July 2024

Oral cavity cancer ranks among the prevalent malignancies globally, constituting roughly 30% of all cancer cases in the nation. The assessment of Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has garnered significant international interest as a prospective prognostic biomarker for cancer, offering valuable insights for clinical decision-making. TILs are evaluated based on the ratio of lymphocytes infiltrating the stromal area.A two-year retrospective study was conducted, analysing 30 cases of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) to examine routine clinicopathological factors alongside Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained sections. TILs were categorized into low, moderate, and high grades.In the study, 30 cases of OSCC underwent analysis, focusing on histopathological parameters and TILs. Patient ages ranged from 25 to 70 years, and a male-to-female ratio of 2:1. Among the cases, 20 (66.7%) were well-differentiated, 9 (30%) were moderately differentiated, and only 1 (3.3%) was poorly differentiated. High TILs were found in 16 cases (53.3%), moderate TILs in 12 cases (40.0%), and low TILs in 2 cases (6.7%). Importantly, a significant correlation was observed between TILs and histological grade (p-value = 0.001), as well as between TILs and pT stage (p-value = 0.001).In summary, tumors with a high degree of differentiation exhibited elevated TILs, while those with poor differentiation displayed lower TIL levels. Given their accessibility and predictive value, these TIL assessments could serve as valuable prognostic indicators for guiding treatment strategies.
Characterizing carbapenemase production in Enterobacterales through combined disk test and genetic profiling
Authors: Gaur Shuchita , Gahlot Rupam , Sherwani Nikita , Netam Suchita , Dadarya Sneha 
Published: July 2024

: Carbapenem-resistant (CRE) are major organisms amongst the critical group of drug-resistant bacteria and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. With limited treatment options, the detection and characterization of carbapenemase is important for appropriate management. This study aims to characterize carbapenemase produced by using combined disk test and their molecular profiling. : All carbapenem-resistant isolated from various clinical samples were included in the study. Carbapenemase production was characterized by observing synergy on combining meropenem disk with beta-lactamase inhibitors like phenylboronic acid, EDTA, and cloxacillin, following which genetic profiling was done using multiplex PCR.: Out of 445 isolated, 104 (23.4%) were carbapenem-resistant. The most common CRE isolated was (62 out of 104) followed by (40 out of 104) and 2 out of 104 CRE isolates were species. Co-production of NDM and OXA-48-like enzymes (39.4%) was the most common mechanism followed by NDM alone (19.2%) and OXA-48 alone (16.3%). NDM was the most common gene detected overall with 72 out of 104 CRE (69.2%) isolates showing its presence, followed by OXA-48 present in 63 of 104 (60.6%) isolates.: Metallo-beta-lactamases (NDM) was the predominant type of carbapenemase gene detected among the isolates, with the co-production of NDM and OXA-48 enzymes being the most common mechanism of resistance.
New insights: mupirocin resistance among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection in southern Indian region
Authors: Tahashildar Masood Ahmed , Hani Umme , Kumar Anil 
Published: July 2024

: Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) remains to be the most concerned pathogen with enhanced multi-drug resistance in clinical set-ups. With an immediate need to control MRSA infection, there is a steep rise in the use of mupirocin as a decolonization regime.: A total of 65 MRSA samples were analysed in the present study. infection identified by standard conventional phenotypic methods. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of mupirocin (5 μg/ml) was found using Kirby Bauer’s disc diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determined using MIC E-test strips of mupirocin.: All the bacterial strains presented with MIC value less than 4 μg/ml, 23 isolates falls in the range of 0.05 μg/ml and 0.19 μg/ml, 12 strains MIC ranged between 0.125 and 0.640 μg/ml. However, five MRSA isolates showed no zone against mupirocin E-strip.: In present study, 92% of isolates were sensitive to mupirocin, this gives hope that mupirocin can be promising in the elimination of MRSA strains, a major concern in clinical practice. Also, the use of 5µg mupirocin discs is economical as compared to mupirocin E-strips, mupirocin discs can be used in a low resourceful clinical setups. However, our study revealed no difference in sensitivity for both the E-strip and disc method.
Processos coletivos de aprendizados dentro de espaços institucionais de arte. As exposições Nhe’ Porã
Authors: Burocco Laura 
Published: July 2024

Com uma abordagem descritiva, através da observação à distancia das exposições ocorridas em São Paulo em 2022, Nhe’ẽ Porã: Memória e Transformação, curada por Daiara Tukano no Museu da Língua Portuguesa, e Escola Panapaná, curada por Denilson Baniwa, o artigo apresenta uma análise dos processos curatoriais desses artistas. As observações beneficiam-se também de uma série de entrevistas realizadas com alguns artistas indígenas brasileiros e do trabalho de dois anos de pesquisa sobre as praticas artísticas do povo Sámi, do Norte da Europa, realizado no âmbito do projeto A South North Dialogue on Afro-Indigenous Art. Três são os pilares que norteiam essas práticas e as diferenciam do mundo das artes ocidentais impostos pelo universalismo eurocêntrico: primeiro, uma formulação mais complexa do conceito de autoria do que no Ocidente, onde as dimensões coletiva e pessoal se fundem; segundo, a inexistência nas cosmologias indígenas da palavra (e do conceito) de arte; e em terceiro lugar, a superação da perspectiva ocidental da divisão entre arte e artesanato que – ao referir frequentemente este último às tarefas domésticas, majoritariamente realizadas por mulheres – expressa o patriarcado e o racismo implícitos nela. Finalmente, o que a análise destaca é a semelhança do caráter coletivo e pedagógico dessas práticas.
Effect of Suruhan Leaves (Peperomia pellucida L. Kunth) Extract on Triglyceride Blood Level in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Hafita Dinda Maryana  , Nainggolan Hotlina , Nadia Rusyda Hanifa  
Published: July 2024

Background: Diabetes Mellitus causes complications, such as hypertriglyceridemia. Indonesia has biological wealth diversity that can be exploited in alternative medicine. One of which is Suruhan plants. Flavonoid contents in the plant extract can normalize blood triglyceride levels. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of the Suruhan extract (Peperomia pellucida L. Kunth) on blood triglyceride levels in alloxan-induced diabetic white rats. Methods: The induction process used alloxan at a dose of 150mg/kgbw intraperitoneally to 12 rats. The rats were divided into 5 research groups, namely normal rats, diabetic rats, and diabetic rats were given various doses of extract. The treatment was carried out for 14 days. Blood samples for triglyceride examination were taken at the end of the study. Results: blood triglyceride levels were obtained in the normal group (127.67 mg/dl); and diabetic control group (395.67mg/dl); the dose group was 20mg/kg BW (216mg/dl); the dose group was 40 mg/kg BW (159.33 mg/dl) and the dose group was 80 mg/kg BW (143.33 mg/dl) in the statistical test with one way ANOVA (p <0.05) obtained significance with a value of p = 0.000. Conclusions: There is an influence of plant extracts (Peperomia pellucida [L.] Kunth) administration on the blood reduction of triglyceride levels in diabetic white rats induced by alloxan.
Discovery of a Buried Active Fault to the South of the 1679 M8.0 Sanhe–Pinggu Earthquake in the North China Plain: Evidence from Seismic Reflection Exploration and Drilling Profile
Authors: Li Zhengfang , Zhou Bengang , Li Yanbao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study focuses on the key structural locations to the south of the 1679 M8.0 Sanhe–Pinggu earthquake. In conjunction with prior deep seismic reflection exploration in the area, we conducted four shallow seismic investigations to the south of Sanhe–Pinggu seismic area to delineate the exact structure of identified faults and to ascertain the precise location, characteristics, and activity levels of active faults within the region. By analyzing the burial depth of the fault’s breakpoint as revealed by high-precision shallow seismic profiles, we postulate that the fault has been active since the middle and late Pleistocene epochs. In addition, we conducted a high-density borehole investigation in tandem with composite drilling profile at the corresponding sites of shallow breakpoints. Using chronological data from neighboring boreholes and accounting for the ages of samples acquired from these boreholes and staggered strata, the fault manifests as a Holocene active fault within the composite borehole–geological section. This study contradicted the previous conception that to the south of 1679 Sanhe–Pinggu seismic area contained no active faults. This new discovery not only has significant application value for evaluating the risk of large earthquakes in the southern part of the capital circle and understanding the earthquake disaster risk in Beijing but also has scientific significance for studying the development and evolution of faults and their deep–shallow coupling characteristics in North China since the late Cenozoic.
Sodium hypochlorite as an Artificial Exsheathment Medium for Nematode Larvae: Limitations for Application
Authors: Elowni Elsayed E. , Abdelnabi Ghada H. , Ahmad Mohamed F. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) has largely been used as an artificial exsheathment medium for nematode larvae in various studies such as evaluating the efficacy of anthelmintic drugs, assessing the resistance of nematodes to anthelmintics, evaluating plant bioactive products as anthelmintics, or in nematode viability assays because of its unique capacity for tissue dissolution. Doubts, however, exist that the compound affects the viability of the exsheathed larvae. The present study’s objective was to exclude or confirm possible negative effects of the compound using strongylid third-stage larvae of donkeys’ origin. Visual larval immobility and gross morphological changes were adopted as criteria for assessment of viability following treatment of larvae with 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, or 3% NaOCl solutions. Larvae were examined 10, 5, or 3 min after treatment. The results indicate there is a threshold beyond which viability is impaired. A concentration of 0.025% produced no effect on the viability of larvae (the optimum concentration) for as long as 10 min following treatment (the effective time). It is proposed that in situations where the optimum concentration has been determined, it is necessary to establish if exsheathment can be produced within the respective effective time limit.
IFNγ regulates ferroptosis in KFs by inhibiting the expression of SPOCD1 through DNMT3A
Authors: Wang Xiuxia , Yang Yating , Zhou xianyu , Yu Shun , Luo Xusong , Lv Lin , Gao Zhen , Yang Jun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Keloid is benign skin tumor, and their curing is relatively difficult due to the unclear mechanism of formation. Inducing ferroptosis of keloid fibroblasts (KFs) may become a new method for treating keloid. Here, we discover interferon (IFN)γ could induce KFs ferroptosis through inhibiting SPOC domain-containing protein 1 (SPOCD1), serving as a mode of action for CD8+T cell (CTL)-mediated keloid killing. Mechanistically, keloid IFNγ deficiency in combination with reduced DNMT3A increase the expression of SPOCD1, thereby promoting KFs’ proliferation and inhibiting its ferroptosis. Moreover, keloid SPOCD1 deficiency attenuates KFs progression and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Reducing IFNγ and SPOCD1 simultaneously can increase the positive rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promote mitochondrial shrinkage. Ex-vivo explant keloid culture has also confirmed that the reduction of SPOCD1 helps to reduce the proliferation rate of KFs, inhibit the angiogenesis of keloid scars, and thus inhibit keloid formation. Thus, IFNγ signaling paired with SPOCD1 is a natural keloid ferroptosis promoting mechanism and a mode of action of CTLs. Targeting SPOCD1 pathway is a potential anti-keloid approach.
A new immune-prognostic signature of 6 differentially expressed cytokine/cytokine receptor pathway-related genes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhan Yating , Jin Yan , Zhu Kai , Bao Menglu , Li Yeping 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: To explore the hub genes related with prognostic pathway based on tumor microenvironment (TME) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), a prognostic risk signature was identified to evaluate ccRCC patients’ prognosis.
Methods: The immune scores of ccRCC patients were calculated via “ESTIMATE” package. The hub genes of the key pathway were selected using univariate cox and Lasso regression analysis. Cluster analysis and risk signature construction were performed in accordance with the expression levels and lasso coefficient of the hub genes.
Results:Cytokine/cytokine receptor intersection pathway was considered as a key prognostic pathway in ccRCC. 6 differentially expressed cytokine/cytokine receptor pathway-related genes (DECCRGs) (CCR10, CXCL5, IL20RB, INHBE, KDR and RELT) were subsequently selected. Results of the cluster analysis revealed that the overall survival (OS) of the patients in cluster1 was better. Then, a 6-DECCRG immune-prognostic risk signature was established and used to evaluate the OS of ccRCC patients. This risk signature exhibited a good prognostic prediction ability in TCGA training cohort, which was further confirmed in TCGA testing cohort, whole cohort, GSE22541 cohort and a local cohort. Notably, the cluster groups and risk scores had a close connection to immune infiltration levels, respectively. CCR10, one of 6 DECCRGs, was further validated in renal cancer cells. Interestingly, reduced CCR10resulted in the inhibition of proliferation and migration in renal cancer cells.
Conclusion: Collectively, a novel 6-DECCRG immune-prognostic risk signature contributes to the accurate prediction of ccRCC prognosis.
Genomic diversity of phages infecting the globally widespread genus Sulfurimonas
Authors: Cheng Ruolin , Li Xiaofeng , Zhang Chuan-Xi , Shao Zongze 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The bacterial genus Sulfurimonas is globally widespread and occupies a key ecological niche in different habitats. However, phages infecting Sulfurimonas have never been isolated and characterized. Here we systematically investigated the genetic diversity, taxonomy and interaction patterns of Sulfurimonas-associated phages based on sequenced microbial genomes and metagenome datasets. High-confidence phage contigs related to Sulfurimonas were identified from various ecosystems, clustered into 61 viral operational taxonomic units across 3 viral realms. Most Sulfurimonas-associated phages were tailed viruses of Caudoviricetes; these were assigned to 19 genus-level viral clusters, the majority of which were distantly related to previously known viruses. Phages encoding double jelly-roll major capsid proteins represented another group of double-stranded DNA phage with diverse gene compositions. Inovirus-like single-stranded DNA phages were primarily identified as integrated prophages or extrachromosomal viral genomes, suggesting chronic infections in hosts. Historical and current phage-host interactions were revealed, implying the viral impact on host evolution. Additionally, phages encoding auxiliary metabolic genes might benefit the infected bacteria by compensating or augmenting host metabolisms. This study highlights the remarkable diversity and novelty of Sulfurimonas-associated phages with highly divergent tailless lineages, providing basis for further investigation of phage-host interactions within this genus.
Increased superficial calcification clusters is a risk factor for carotid atherosclerosis after carotid artery stenting: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhu Jiaqi , Tang Hanfei , Guo Daqiao , Tang Xiao , Han Tonglei , Yan Dong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The role of calcification in carotid atherosclerosis before and after carotid artery stenting (CAS) is contradictory. This study assessed the relationship between the extent of calcification in target carotid plaque and the prognosis of patients with carotid stenosis undergoing carotid artery stenting.
Methods
A total of 293 subjects with carotid stenosis after CAS were consecutively and retrospectively recorded in this cohort. All subjects underwent outpatient and telephone follow-up using major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE). Finally, 211 subjects who completed 2-year follow-up were included. χ2 test, Student’s t-test and Wilcoxon test was used between MACE and no-MACE groups. Cox proportional hazard models were used to figure out the risk factor of calcification characteristics.
Result
Over a median follow-up period of 1.92 years, 14 composite endpoints were recorded. The symptom status (P = 0.0116), abuse of alcohol (P = 0.0091), the amount of total calcification clusters (P = 0.0428) and superficial calcification clusters (P = 0.0022) showed statistics significance in univariable Cox models. After adjusting for demographic characteristics and surgical-related factors, the amount of superficial calcification clusters maintained its statistical significance [P = 0.0232, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.694, 95% CI (confidence interval): 1.0744–2.6720].
Conclusion
The present study established that the amount of superficial calcification clusters independently serves as a prognostic risk factor in patients with carotid atherosclerosis underwent carotid artery stenting.
Connectivity Transition Characteristics of Historical Districts' Construction Land Networks and Road Networks in Southwest China: A Case Study of Guiyang
Authors: Lin Zhixin , Huang Zongsheng , Xiang Huiwen , Chen Yuanduo , Lu Shaowei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In the era of rapid urbanization, preserving historical districts is vital, especially in culturally rich regions. By focusing on Guiyang city, a key transport hub in southwestern China, this study explores urban evolution and development principles through network analysis. It examines changes in construction land and road networks across four historical periods: the Early Ming Dynasty, the Early Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China, and the 1980s. The findings show a linear decrease in construction land network density and fluctuating decline in road network density. Centrality trends declined from the early Ming to the early Qing but increased in the 1980s, moving towards equilibrium. Overall efficiency increases with decreasing in clustering coefficient, indicating reduced vulnerability. Social, productivity, and topographical factors influence these changes. This study contrasts with European and Southeast Asian research, revealing unique trends in mountainous city evolution. Constrained by terrain and limited outward expansion, cities transition from unipolar to multipolar spatial structures. Faced with administrative constraints, they adopt concentrated spatial development. The findings suggest strategies for global mountainous city development and confirm the applicability of complex network analysis to urban spatial networks, highlighting implications for understanding transformations within China's national pattern across various dimensions.
Dynamic changes in monocytic myeloid-Derived suppressor cells unveil insights into acute coronary syndrome pathogenesis and therapeutic potential
Authors: Tan Yinsheng , Ren Mingde , Hou Jie , Hou Tao , Lin Xianhe 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
This study aimed to investigate the dynamic changes in monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs) and their implications in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), shedding light on potential therapeutic targets.
Experimental Design:
Peripheral blood samples were collected from 68 ACS patients, 35 stable angina pectoris (SAP) patients, and 30 healthy controls. Multi-parameter flow cytometry was employed for analysis of M-MDSCs, explored with disease characteristics and progression.
Results:
ACS patients exhibited an increased frequency of circulating M-MDSCs compared to SAP patients and healthy controls. M-MDSCs levels demonstrated associations with ACS type, coronary artery lesions, multi-vessel disease, and cardiac dysfunction severity. Higher M-MDSCs levels were found in obese patients. Notably, therapy led to a significant decrease in M-MDSCs frequency. Furthermore, ACS patients exhibited elevated levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the cytokine profile associated with M-MDSCs. Increased expression of arginase-1(Arg-1) was observed in ACS patients, with positive correlations between M-MDSCs levels and IL-6, GM-CSF, and Arg-1 expression. The diagnostic performance of triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and M-MDSCs levels varied in predicting the severity of coronary artery stenosis, with TG showing higher specificity, HDL-C displaying higher sensitivity, and M-MDSCs levels demonstrating balanced sensitivity and specificity.
Conclusions:
Assessment of M-MDSCs frequency holds promise as a predictive marker for disease progression, therapy response, and severity of coronary artery stenosis. The elevated presence of M-MDSCs suggests their potential role in modulating ACS-related inflammation.
Cone Beam Computed Tomography Analysis of the Root and Canal Morphology of the Maxillary Second Molars in a Syrian Subpopulation
Authors: Allawi Safaa , Al-Tayyan Mouhammad , Achour Hassan , Toutangy Eyad , Tolibah Yasser Alsayed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aim
To investigate the root number and morphology of the maxillary second molars in the Syrian population besides bilateral symmetry, and the effect of gender.
Methods
250 Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images (140, 110 males) were examined by two endodontists. The detailed analysis included the number of roots, the number of canals and their configurations, bilateral symmetry, and relation to gender. The evaluation was made according to Vertucci classification by analyzing the CBCT images at all levels (Axial, Coronal, Sagittal, Oblique, and 3D). The Chi-square statistical analysis was performed to compare the canals’ morphologies and bilateral symmetry in both genders via SPSS.
Result
The most common shape of the upper second molars is three roots (90.4%). There were significant differences between males and females regarding the symmetry of the number of roots (P < 0.05). The root canal configuration was mainly Vertucci type I classification in the Distobuccally (93.4%) and palatal root (99.6%). The most common type in the mesial root was type I (29.5%), showing all varieties of Vertucci classifications (except VII, and VIII) percentage of MB2 of 70.5%. The ratio of symmetry was (59.6%) with no significant statistical difference between the genders (P = 0.708).
Conclusion
Most maxillary second molars in the examined Syrian population had three roots with four root canals, mostly types (II). In terms of symmetry, the number of roots surpassed the canal configuration. Males had a greater symmetrical tendency in the number of roots than females.