bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Rare Case of Hypophysitis Due to Tuberculosis with an Atypical Presentation of Normal Pituitary Markers
Authors: Shah Jinal , Darda Shubham , Shah Prasen , Lakhani Jitendra D. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Hypophysitis developing secondary to tuberculosis is a very rare clinical entity. Hypophysitis occurs because of inflammation and it may affect the anterior, infundibulum, posterior, or entire pituitary gland. Here, we are presenting a case of a young male having tubercular meningitis who was taking antitubercular treatment for the last 2 months and was having disseminated tuberculosis. The patient presented with severe headache with fever and 4–5 episodes of vomiting. The patient presented with the affection of consciousness in the form of confusion, irritability, and disorientation. High-resolution CT thorax was suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis (Koch’s) with centrilobular nodules and a tree-in-bud appearance. Magnetic resonance imaging brain showed prominent leptomeningeal enhancement with an enlarged pituitary gland with enlarged enhancing stalk suggestive of hypophysitis. The hypophysitis case developing secondary to tuberculosis as a very rare entity is discussed in this case report. This case is also an atypical presentation wherein the pituitary markers are normal in hypophysitis.
Biomarkers of Orthodontic Patients After Use of 1% Brazilian Red Propolis Toothpaste: A Randomized Clinical Study
Authors: do Amaral Silva Mônica , Valadas Lídia Audrey Rocha , Lopes de Oliveira Guilherme Antônio , Rodrigues Neto Edilson Martins , de Alencar Júnior Emmanuel Arraes , Dantas Lobo Patricia Leal , Dantas Thereza Cristina Farias Botelho , Bandeira Mary Anne Medeiros , de França Fonteles Marta Maria , Baptista Gandhi Radis 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Aim:
To evaluate the salivary biomarkers and plaque index after a treatment with a propolis-contained toothpaste.

Materials and Methods:
This is a longitudinal, randomized, double-blind study where 76 participants were randomized into two groups: Group I: Fluoridated Red Propolis toothpaste; Group II: Fluoridated toothpaste. The participants were selected in a municipality without fluoridated public water. All participants received standardized oral hygiene instructions from the same instructor for 3 daily brushings (after breakfast, after lunch, and before bed) for a period of 2 min; Saliva samples were collected before (D0) and after 28 days (D28) of treatment for analysis of pH and total protein, amylase, and IL-10. Saliva was collected in the initial consultation and on return, totaling two collections. All samples were collected under the same conditions, by the same operator and between 9:00 am and 11:00 am in order to minimize the influence of circadian rhythm on salivary flow.

Results:
On D0 and D28, the various treatments had no effect on total salivary proteins (G1: P = 0.0746; G2: P = 0.2144), and the pH stayed about the same. Additionally, there was no change in the amylase activity in G1 (P = 0.1877) or G2 (P = 0.4674). Significant decreases in G1 (P < 0.0001) and G2 (P = 0.03) were observed with IL-10. There was no statistically significant difference in the salivary flow between the BRP toothpaste-treated group (P = 0.172) and the commercial fluoridated toothpaste-treated group (P = 0.329). Compared to G2 (P = 0.03), G1 showed a superior decline in the plaque index (P = <0.0001).

Conclusions:
After 28 days of using the toothpastes, there were no changes in the amylase, pH, or total protein indicators. After 28 days, there was a decrease in the propolis group’s IL-10 dose and plaque index.
Effect of Preventive Dental Products on Bonding Force: An in vitro Study
Authors: Crowley Jamie , Abdulhameed Nader , Al-Obaidi Rand , Hussein Hind 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Aim:
Testing the effect of Fluoride, chlorhexidine, and molecular iodine applications on the mean micro-shear bond strength (SBS) of enamel in an attempt to preserve enamel integrity during the bonding process.

Materials and Methods:
The study was an observational case–control one in which 150 human teeth were classified into 10 groups according to the product kind and the prescribed treatment. Each group consisted of 15 teeth. Group C was the control group. Groups FP, FV, and OS utilized products that could be utilized in a professional dental setting. Group FP was treated with 1.23% NaF prophy paste, Group FV was treated with 5% NaF varnish, and Group OS was treated with Opal® Seal Fluoride releasing primer and sealant. Groups L, LF, CHX, and I were treated with mouth rinses. Group L was treated with Listerine Zero Fluoride-Free Mouthwash, Group LF with Listerine Zero 0.02% NaF Mouth Rinse, Group CHX with 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate, and Group I with ioRinse RTU 100 ppm molecular iodine rinse. Groups TP and G utilized alternative remineralization products. Group TP was treated with Fluoro Calcium Phosphosilicate bioglass containing toothpaste, and Group G was treated with Curodont Protect remineralizing tooth gel. One-way ANOVA test was utilized to perform all statistical analysis in this study.

Results:
For mean micro-SBS, no significant difference (P > 0.05) between any of the experimental groups was observed when compared to the control group. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between Opal Seal versus Listerine Total, Opal Seal versus Peridex, Listerine versus Listerine Total, and Listerine versus Peridex. All other experimental group comparisons revealed a nonsignificant difference (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:
As the null hypothesis (H0) assumes that changes observed in an experiment are due to chance, hence, the outcomes of this study are coherent with (H0) since the aforementioned application methods did not significantly impact the SBS of orthodontic resin cement to enamel.
On psychological characteristics of cadets prone to increased risk
Authors: Кушнир С.И. 
Published: June 2024

Повышенный риск является характерной чертой службы в силовых структурах. Поэтому готовность и конструктивная склонность к риску становятся неотъемлемыми качествами военных и сотрудников правоохранительных органов. В статье анализируются результаты тестирования курсантов ведомственных вузов, склонных к повышенному риску. Приводится перечень проступков курсантов, изучаются как отрицательные, так и положительные черты их личности, исследуется обусловленность склонности к повышенному риску наличием проблем в родительских семьях. Предложены возможные методики и программы, которые смогли бы скорректировать рисковое поведение курсантов.
Increased risk is a characteristic feature of service in law enforcement agencies. Therefore, willingness and constructive risk-taking become essential qualities of military and law enforcement personnel. The article analyzes results of the testing of cadets of departmental universities who are prone to increased risk. A list of the cadets’ misconduct is provided and both negative and positive personality traits are studied. It is studied whether the propensity to increased risk are associated with the presence of problems in parental families. In conclusion, the author proposes possible methods and programs that could correct risky behavior of cadets.
POBREZA UN FACTOR DE RIESGO QUE AFECTA DIRECTAMENTE LA SALUD DE LAS FAMILIAS ESTUDIO DE CASO
Authors: Salazar Abdul , Meza Legna , Garrido Alanís 
Published: June 2024

Los profesionales de la Enfermería al brindar atención dentro de los nosocomios, o en alguna de las instalaciones de salud de la red de servicios, deben tener una percepción holística de las realidades de los usuarios y pacientes. Una forma de conocerla es a través de la atención domiciliar. Esta actividad, propia de la o el enfermero, da una perspectiva real en la que esta sumergida la persona y su familia. El objetivo de este estudio de caso es analizar los factores de riesgos que pueden afectar la salud. Se trata de un estudio de una familia que vive en la comunidad de Kuna Nega y que se atiende en la instalación de salud de la localidad. En esta comunidad se ve con claridad las desigualdades y el nivel de pobreza, abandono y condiciones infrahumanas en que viven panameñas y panameños que por derecho deben ser atendidos. La familia que se presenta está compuesta por una mujer adulta de 25 años y sus 4 hijos en estado de desnutrición; viviendo en pobreza extrema. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de un instrumento de visita domiciliaria, que fue aplicado a través de la técnica de la entrevista. La intervención de Enfermería se realizó aplicando el Modelo de Promoción de la salud de Nola Pender y la teoría del Estrés Familiar de Hill. El abordaje fue difícil, ya que el problema raíz es la pobreza y su bajo nivel educativo. Se logró dentro de los recursos disponibles, brindar un cuidado integral enfatizando en algunos factores de riesgos, como la insalubridad interna y externa de la vivienda, el control de salud de la madre y los niños, la referencia y seguimiento por parte de los profesionales de la entidad de salud.
Delay in Clozapine Initiation in Patients with Treatment-Resistance Schizophrenia Presenting Tertiary Psychiatric Facilities
Authors: Jan Asad Ullah , Rahim Sajid 
Published: June 2024

Objective: To determine the delay in Clozapine initiation in patients with treatment-resistance schizophrenia who presented to the Tertiary psychiatric facilities.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Psychiatry Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar and Department of Psychiatry Combined Military Hospital, Nowshera Pakistan, from Jan to Dec 2023.
Methodology: We recruited 103 treatment-resistant schizophrenia and Clozapine naïve patients after obtaining their consent. Patients were included by reviewing their medical history and records. The diagnosis was made by clinical interview and use of Positive and Negative syndrome scale. The data were recorded using a semi-structured questionnaire.
Results: Out of 103 patients, 78(75.7%) were male and 25(24.3%) were female. Regarding the initiation of Clozapine treatment, the mean duration from diagnosis to treatment initiation was 6.23±4.82 years. Patients were categorised based on the time to Clozapine initiation into early initiators (≤4 years), intermediate initiators (>4 years to <15 years), and delayed initiators (>15 years). The distribution across these categories was 51(49.5%) for early initiators, 47(45.6%) for intermediate initiators, and 5(4.9%) for delayed initiators.
Conclusion: There is a significant delay in Clozapine initiation despite adequate evidence to initiate it early. Clinicians should start Clozapine whenever there is a need.
PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPA SD
Authors: Hidayati Dian , Wijayanto Agung 
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan teknologi informasi pada pembelajaran IPA SD. Pandemi Covid-19 memaksa kegiatan belajar-mengajar dilakukan melalui media daring dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode kepustakaan dan metode wawancara untuk menginterpretasikan dan menjelaskan objek penelitian, yaitu analisis pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dalam pembelajaran IPA SD. Hasil penelitian ini menujukkan bahwa proses pemanfaatan teknologi dan informasi dalam pembelajaran IPA di SD dapat berjalan dengan baik dengan strategi dan pendekatan yang disesuaikan KD.
POLA ASUH ORANG TUA TERHADAP KEPERCAYAAN DIRI REMAJA PENYANDANG TUNAWICARA DI KECAMATAN WARUNGPRING KABUPATEN PEMALANG
Authors: AMBARWATI SEPTIANA , USBAH ALIKA MAEZALATI , LESTARI SRI AYU , MASFIA IRMA , FAHMY ZULFA 
Published: June 2024

The parenting style of parents who have children with special needs tends to have greater challenges in parenting their children, so when caring for children with disabilities, there needs to be an appropriate parenting style in order to form the self-confidence of children with disabilities in their environment. This research aims to find out a general description of the forms of parenting used by parents for teenagers with disabilities speech impaired and to find out how parenting styles can shape the self-confidence of teenagers with speech impairments. The results of the interviews, which were strengthened by relevant research literature, showed that parenting styles play a very important role in shaping the self-confidence of teenagers with disabilities speech impaired This research is a type of qualitative research using the interview method. The informants in this study were parents of teenagers with speech impairments. In this research, the parenting style used by informants is democratic parenting. Apart from parenting style factors, there are other supporting factors that can build the self-confidence of teenagers with speech impairments. These other factors are similarity factors, educational factors and technological developments.
ABSTRAKPola asuh orang tua yang memiliki anak berkebutuhan khusus cenderung memiliki tantangan yang lebih besar dalam pola pengasuhan terhadap anaknya sehingga dalam mengasuh anak disabilitas perlu adanya pola asuh yang tepat agar dapat membentuk kepercayaan diri anak disabilitas di lingkungannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran umum mengenai bentuk pola asuh yang digunakan oleh orang tua terhadap remaja penyandang tunawicara serta untuk mengetahui bagaimana pola asuh dapat membentuk kepercayaan diri remaja penyandang tunawicara. hasil wawancara yang diperkuat dengan literatur penelitian yang relevan, didapatkan hasil bahwa pola asuh sangat berperan penting dalam membentuk kepercayaan diri remaja penyandang tunawicara Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode wawancara. Informan pada penelitian ini adalah orang tua dari remaja penyandang tunawicara. Dalam penelitian ini pola asuh yang digunakan oleh informan adalah pola asuh demokratis. Selain faktor pola asuh orang tua, terdapat faktor pendukung lain yang dapat membangun kepercayaan diri remaja penyandang tunawicara. Faktor lain tersebut adalah faktor kesamaan, faktor pendidikan dan perkembangan teknologi.
A modular approach to volatile organic compound samplers for tethered balloon and drone platforms
Authors: Guagenti Meghan , Dexheimer Darielle , Ulinksi Alexandra , Walter Paul , Flynn III James H. , Usenko Sascha 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Situated at a land-sea interface, Houston, Texas, is a national hub for the petrochemical industry and has the second fastest-growing metropolitan population in the United States. Addressing air quality in this region is uniquely challenging, due in part to its wide range of meteorological conditions (e.g., convection systems and temperature inversions) and continuum of volatile organic compound (VOC) and aerosol sources (e.g., anthropogenic and biogenic). As a result, Houston was chosen as the location for the Department of Energy’s Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program-led Tracking Aerosol Convection ExpeRiment (TRACER), which investigated cloud and aerosol interactions in the deep convection over the area. Deployed as a key asset, ARM’s tethered balloon system (TBS) was used to investigate questions related to the vertical distributions of aerosols and their formation, including their precursor species volatile organic compounds. Platforms like TBSs and uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) can bridge the vertical gap between ground-based and crewed airplane measurement platforms to focus on near-surface characterization. However, there has been limited effort to modularize and integrate VOC samplers into instrument payloads on both aerial systems. In this study, lightweight and robust VOC samplers were designed and deployed on the TBS and a UAV to collect VOCs in flight. The modular design allowed for scalable adjustments to meet the unique platform requirements and enabled multiple flights per sampling day. Each sampler can autonomously collect VOCs on up to four sorbent tubes for subsequent thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The low sampler mass (2.2 kg and 800 g, TBS and UAV, respectively) enables the combination of these VOC samplers with trace gas, aerosol, and meteorological sensors on aerial platforms. These profiles allow us to assess temporal changes in VOC magnitude and composition at multiple locations. Observations from TBS and UAV flights during TRACER are presented and future considerations for sampler design and deployments are discussed.
The fate of fixed nitrogen in Santa Barbara Basin sediments during seasonal anoxia
Authors: Peng Xuefeng , Yousavich David J. , Bourbonnais Annie , Wenzhöfer Frank , Janssen Felix , Treude Tina , Valentine David L. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Despite long-standing interest in the biogeochemistry of the Santa Barbara Basin (SBB), there are no direct rate measurements of different nitrogen transformation processes. We investigated benthic nitrogen cycling using in situ incubations with 15NO3- addition and quantified the rates of total nitrate (NO3-) uptake, denitrification, anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox), N2O production, and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia (DNRA). Denitrification was the dominant NO3- reduction process, while anammox contributed 0 %–27 % to total NO3- reduction. DNRA accounted for less than half of NO3- reduction except at the deepest station at the center of the SBB where NO3- concentration was lowest. NO3- availability and sediment total organic carbon content appeared to be two key controls on the relative importance of DNRA. The increasing importance of fixed N retention via DNRA relative to fixed N loss as NO3- deficit intensifies suggests a negative feedback loop that potentially contributes to stabilizing the fixed N budget in the SBB. Nitrous oxide (N2O) production as a fraction of total NO3- reduction ranged from 0.2 % to 1.5 %, which was higher than previous reports from nearby borderland basins. A large fraction of NO3- uptake was unaccounted for by NO3- reduction processes, suggesting that intracellular storage may play an important role. Our results indicate that the SBB acts as a strong sink for fixed nitrogen and potentially a net source of N2O to the water column.
A process-based evaluation of biases in extratropical stratosphere-troposphere coupling in subseasonal forecast systems
Authors: Garfinkel Chaim I. , Lawrence Zachary D. , Butler Amy H. , Dunn-Sigouin Etienne , Erner Irene , Karpechko Alexey Yu. , Koren Gerbrand , Abalos Marta , Ayarzaguena Blanca , Barriopedro David , Calvo Natalia , de la Cámara Alvaro , Charlton-Perez Andrew , Cohen Judah , Domeisen Daniela I. V. , García-Serrano Javier , Hindley Neil P. , Jucker Martin , Kim Hera , Lee Robert W. , Lee Simon H. , Osman Marisol , Palmeiro Froila M. , Polichtchouk Inna , Rao Jian , Richter Jadwiga H. , Schwartz Chen , Son Seok-Woo , Taguchi Masakazu , Tyrrell Nicholas L. , Wright Corwin J. , Wu Rachel W.-Y. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Two-way coupling between the stratosphere and troposphere is recognized as an important source of subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) predictability and can open windows of opportunity for improved forecasts. Model biases can, however, lead to a poor representation of such coupling processes; drifts in a model’s circulation related to model biases, resolution, and parameterizations have the potential to feed back on the circulation and affect stratosphere-troposphere coupling. In the Northern Hemisphere, nearly all S2S forecast systems underestimate the strength of the observed upward coupling from the troposphere to the stratosphere, downward coupling within the stratosphere, and the persistence of lower stratospheric temperature anomalies. While downward coupling from the lower stratosphere to the near surface is well represented in the multi-model ensemble mean, there is substantial inter-model spread likely related to how well each model represents tropospheric stationary waves. In the Southern Hemisphere, the stratospheric vortex is over-sensitive to upward propagating wave flux in the forecast systems. Forecast systems generally overestimate the strength of downward coupling from the lower stratosphere to the troposphere, even as they underestimate the radiative persistence in the lower stratosphere. In both hemispheres, models with higher lids and a better representation of tropospheric quasi-stationary waves generally perform better at simulating these coupling processes.
Evaluating post-wildfire debris-flow rainfall thresholds and volume models at the 2020 Grizzly Creek Fire in Glenwood Canyon, Colorado, USA
Authors: Rengers Francis K. , Bower Samuel , Knapp Andrew , Kean Jason W. , vonLembke Danielle W. , Thomas Matthew A. , Kostelnik Jaime , Barnhart Katherine R. , Bethel Matthew , Gartner Joseph E. , Hille Madeline , Staley Dennis M. , Anderson Justin K. , Roberts Elizabeth K. , DeLong Stephen B. , Lane Belize , Ridgway Paxton , Murphy Brendan P. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. As wildfire increases in the western United States, so do postfire debris-flow hazards. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed two separate models to estimate (1) rainfall intensity thresholds for postfire debris-flow initiation and (2) debris-flow volumes. However, the information necessary to test the accuracy of these models is seldom available. Here, we studied how well these models performed over a 2-year period in the 2020 Grizzly Creek Fire burn perimeter in Glenwood Canyon, Colorado, USA, through the development of a debris-flow response inventory. The study area had the advantage of a network of 11 rain gauges for rainfall intensity measurements and repeat lidar data for volume estimates. Our observations showed that 89 % of observed debris flows in the first year postfire were triggered by rainfall rates higher than the fire-wide rainfall threshold produced by the current USGS operational model (M1). No debris flows were observed in the second year postfire, despite eight rainstorms with intensities higher than the modeled rainfall threshold. We found that the operational model for debris-flow initiation rainfall thresholds works well in this region during the first year but may be too conservative in year 2 due to vegetation recovery and sediment depletion. However, rainfall thresholds in the second year can be improved by using updated remote sensing imagery to recalculate the debris-flow initiation likelihood with the M1 model. The current volume model overestimates for this region by a median value of 4.4 times. However, the offset between the model estimates and observations is approximately linear, and the volumes from the Grizzly Creek debris flows had a similar magnitude to historic postfire debris flows in the region. Consequently, the current volume model could be adjusted with a regional correction factor.