bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction effects between genes involved in the AKT signaling pathway and phytoestrogens in gastric carcinogenesis: A nested case–control study from the Korean Multi‐Center Cancer Cohort
Authors: Yang Jae Jeong , Cho Lisa Y. , Ko Kwang‐Pil , Ma Seung Hyun , Shin Aesun , Choi Bo Youl , Han Dong Soo , Song Kyu Sang , Kim Yong Sung , Chang Soung‐Hoon , Shin Hai‐Rim , Kang Daehee , Yoo Keun‐Young , Park Sue K. 
Published: October 2012

ScopeTo investigate whether genes involved in AKT/nuclear factor kappa B signaling and/or gene–environment interactions between the genes and phytoestrogens may be susceptible factors for gastric cancer.Methods and resultsThe representative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified during the primary analysis (screening a total of 622 SNPs within ± 5 kbp of the 51 target gene locations) were further investigated in 317 matched case–control sets. The summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for gastric cancer were calculated. Interaction effects between the SNPs and phytoestrogen biomarkers (genistein, daidzein, equol, and enterolactone) were computed. CDK1 rs4145643, FAS rs6586161, and FAS rs1468063 in the AKT signaling pathway presented significant genetic effects on gastric cancer (OR = 0.81 (95% CI: 0.66–0.99) for CDK1 rs4145643; OR = 1.27 (95% CI: 1.03–1.58) for FAS rs6586161; OR = 1.29 (95% CI: 1.03–1.56) for FAS rs1468063; Cochran Q statistics > 0.10). Risk alleles of FAS rs6586161, FAS rs1468063, MAP3K1 rs16886448, and MAP3K1 rs252902 showed significant interaction effects with enterolactone (pinteraction < 0.05).ConclusionCDK1 and FAS genes involved in AKT signaling and influenced by anti‐carcinogenic property of phytoestrogens can play a role as susceptible genetic factors in gastric carcinogenesis. FAS and MAP3K1 genes significantly interact with enterolactone, thereby modifying the individual's risk for gastric cancer.
Optimization of Intensified Silicon Deoxidation
Authors: Nurmi Sonja , Louhenkilpi Seppo , Holappa Lauri 
Published: October 2012

AbstractFor demanding wire applications steel cleanliness should be very high and the inclusions inevitably found in steel should be harmless. This means strict control of inclusions' size, quantity, and composition, pursuing deformable inclusions in rolling conditions. Primary inclusions are formed during steel treatment in the ladle. Most of these are removed to the ladle slag or on the lining. However, the rest of the inclusions still remain through the successive process stages, and some new inclusions are formed during casting and solidification. Conventionally, deformable inclusions are produced by Si–Mn deoxidation resulting in MnO–SiO2–Al2O3 inclusions. This leaves, however, the oxygen content too high for demanding applications. In order to get really clean steel, the Si deoxidation needs to be strengthened by lowering the activity of SiO2 forming in steel. This can be done by bringing the steel in intimate contact with a slag containing SiO2–MnO–Al2O3 and additionally CaO and some MgO. With this kind of intensified Si deoxidation it is possible to produce steels with low oxygen content having inclusions that will elongate at rolling. In this paper thermodynamic examination of potential slag systems and compositions to equilibrate with steels having medium carbon and high silicon were scrutinized. The optimal slag composition for producing low‐O steels with deformable inclusions was evaluated by using FactSage thermodynamic calculation program. The lowest SiO2 activities at the region in which slag is still liquid at 1400°C, can be found when slag composition is approximately 36–40 wt% SiO2, 6–18 wt% Al2O3, 30–40 wt% CaO, 6–8 wt% MgO, and 2–4 wt% MnO. Industrial heats using intensified Si deoxidation and slag based inclusion engineering were produced in a steel mill with 60 tons heat size. Inclusions and slag compositions were in satisfactory accordance with the theoretical examinations, though some scattering was discovered.
Development and characterization of a vector set with regulated promoters for systematic metabolic engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Shen Michael W. Y. , Fang Fang , Sandmeyer Suzanne , Da Silva Nancy A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA set of vectors was constructed that enable combined and systematic testing of metabolic pathway genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The vectors are available as CEN/ARS and 2 µ‐based plasmids with a choice of three inducible promoters, PGAL1, PCUP1 and PADH2. These features offer control over the initiation and level of gene expression. In addition, the vectors can be used as templates to generate PCR fragments for targeted chromosomal integration of gene expression cassettes. Selection markers are flanked by loxP elements to allow efficient CreA‐mediated marker removal and recycling after genomic integration. For each promoter, expression of a bacterial lacZ reporter gene was characterized from plasmid‐based and integrated chromosomal cassettes, and compared to that of the glycolytic PPGK1 promoter. Plasmid stabilities were also determined. The promoters showed distinct activity profiles useful for modulating expression of metabolic pathway genes. This series of plasmids with inducible promoters extends our previous vector set carrying the constitutive promoters PPGK1, PTEF1 and PHXT7‐391. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A worldsheet extension of $ O\left( {d,d\left| \mathbb{Z} \right.} \right) $
Authors: Bachas C. , Brunner I. , Roggenkamp D. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract

We study superconformal interfaces between
$ \mathcal{N}=\left( {1,1} \right) $
supersymmetric sigma models on tori, which preserve a
$ \widehat{u}{(1)^{2d }} $
current algebra. Their fusion is non-singular and, using parallel transport on CFT deformation space, it can be reduced to fusion of defect lines in a single torus model. We show that the latter is described by a semi-group extension of
$ O\left( {d,d\left| \mathbb{Q} \right.} \right) $
), and that (on the level of Ramond charges) fusion of interfaces agrees with composition of associated geometric integral transformations. This generalizes the well-known fact that T-duality can be geometrically represented by Fourier-Mukai transformations.
Interestingly, we find that the topological interfaces between torus models form the same semi-group upon fusion. We argue that this semi-group of orbifold equivalences can be regarded as the α′ deformation of the continuous O(d, d) symmetry of classical supergravity.
Tuberculosis among Healthcare Workers, United States, 1995–2007
Authors: Lambert Lauren A. , Pratt Robert H. , Armstrong Lori R. , Haddad Maryam B. 
Published: October 2012

Objective.We examined surveillance data to describe the epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) among healthcare workers (HCWs) in the United States during the period 1995–2007.Design.Cross-sectional descriptive analysis of existing surveillance data.Setting and Participants.TB cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from the 50 states and the District of Columbia from 1995 through 2007.Results.Of the 200,744 reported TB cases in persons 18 years of age or older, 6,049 (3%) occurred in individuals who were classified as HCWs. HCWs with TB were more likely than other adults with TB to be women (unadjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 4.1 [3.8–4.3]), be foreign born (1.3 [1.3–1.4]), have extrapulmonary TB (1.6 [1.5–1.7]), and complete TB treatment (2.5 [2.3–2.8]).Conclusions.Healthcare institutions may benefit from intensifying TB screening of HCWs upon hire, especially persons from countries with a high incidence of TB, and encouraging treatment for latent TB infection among HCWs to prevent progression to TB disease.
From natural woodlands to cultivated land: diversity of fruit‐feeding butterflies and beetles in the mid‐Zambezi valley, northern Zimbabwe
Authors: Tambara Edwin , Murwira Amon , Kativu Shakie 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe tested the effect of cultivation on butterfly (Nymphalidae: Charaxes) and beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) species richness and abundance along a cultivation intensification gradient. Results showed significant differences in species richness and abundance between natural woodlands and cultivated landscapes with larger differences in areas of high cultivation intensity. The results indicate that natural woodland clearing for cultivation purposes has negative impacts on arthropod diversity, a situation more severe in highly intensified cultivated areas. Our results imply that mosaics of different land‐use units, each in a different phase of clearance‐cultivation‐abandonment‐recovery‐clearance cycle could counter the negative effects of cultivation intensity on arthropod diversity.
Clinicopathological significance of MAML2 gene split in mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Authors: Noda Haruna , Okumura Yoshihide , Nakayama Takahisa , Miyabe Satoru , Fujiyoshi Yukio , Hattori Hideo , Shimozato Kazuo , Inagaki Hiroshi 
Published: October 2012

CRTC1–MAML2 and CRTC3–MAML2 fusions have been associated with favorable clinicopathological features of mucoepidermoid carcinomas. However, the significance of the MAML2 gene split has not been fully clarified. In the present study, 95 mucoepidermoid carcinomas (paraffin‐embedded materials) were analyzed for CRTC1–MAML2 and CRTC3–MAML2 fusions by RT‐PCR and for the MAML2 gene split by FISH. Quantitative RT‐PCR for the CRTC1–MAML2 transcript was performed in selected cases. MLL gene involvement, which has been reported in some leukemia cases, was examined by FISH in fusion partner‐unknown cases. CRTC1–MAML2 and CRTC3–MAML2 fusions were detected in 37 and 6 cases, respectively. The MAML2 gene split was detected in 62 cases, which included all CRTC1/3–MAML2 fusion‐positive cases. The level of CRTC1–MAML2 transcript expression was highly variable, and its clinicopathological impact was unclear. The MLL gene split was not detected. Mucoepidermoid carcinomas negative for CRTC1/3–MAML2 and positive for the MAML2 gene split (n = 19) showed favorable clinicopathological tumor features similar to those positive for CRTC1/3–MAML2 fusions. Compared with negative cases (n = 33), mucoepidermoid carcinomas positive for the MAML2 split (n = 62) were associated with lower patient age, a mild female predilection, a smaller tumor size, less frequent nodal metastasis, a lower clinical stage, a lower histological grade, and longer overall and disease‐free survival. The MAML2 gene split emerged as an independent prognostic factor for both overall and disease‐free survival in multivariate prognostic analysis. The presence of the MAML2 gene split defines a distinct mucoepidermoid carcinoma subset that is associated clinicopathologically with favorable tumor features. (Cancer Sci 2013; 104: 85–92)
A case report of Citrobacter koseri bacteraemia after transfusion of contaminated red cells
Authors: Fernandes C. , Oliveira M. C. , Jorge M. T. 
Published: October 2012

SUMMARYBackgroundCitrobacter koseri has not been associated to infection caused by blood component transfusions.Case reportA 46–year–old female patient presented sudden chills, dyspnoea, and tachycardia during a transfusion from a unit of packed red blood cells. Citrobacter koseri was isolated in the two sample collected from the patient and from the content of the packed red blood cells.ResultsWe report a case of bacteraemia due to a transfusion of contaminated red blood cells.ConclusionC. koseri should be taken into account in bacteraemias caused by transfusion of blood components.
Septic pulmonary embolism due to periodontal disease
Authors: HATANI TAKESHI , TAKEMURA MASAYA , INOUE DAIKI , TAKAMATSU KAZUFUMI , ISHITOKO MANABU , ITOTANI RYO , SUZUKI SHINKO , MATSUMOTO MASATAKA , SAKURAMOTO MINORU , FUKUI MOTONARI 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTBackground and objective:  Septic pulmonary embolism due to periodontal disease (SPE‐PD) is rarely reported and little is known about its clinical features. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological features, as well as outcome, in SPE‐PD.Methods:  Patients' records were retrospectively reviewed and 12 patients with SPE‐PD were identified (10 men, mean age 60.5 years). The patients' demographic features, laboratory data, physical and radiological findings, and clinical outcomes were evaluated.Results:  All but one patient were smokers. Eight of the 12 patients had comorbidities including hypertension (58%) and/or diabetes mellitus (17%). Prevalent symptoms were fever (67%) and chest pain (58%). Only two patients fulfilled the criteria of systemic inflammatory response syndrome; most of the subjects were not clinically severely ill. Blood cultures were negative in all cases. Contrast‐enhanced chest computed tomography (CT) showed multiple peripheral nodules in all 12 patients, wedge‐shaped peripheral lesions abutting on the pleura in 10 (83%) and a feeding‐vessel sign in 9 (75%). All patients recovered from their illness after antimicrobial therapy concomitant with tooth extraction or periodontal care. The median duration of antibiotic administration was 51 days.Conclusions:  Most patients with SPE‐PD were not seriously ill. Contrast‐enhanced chest CT appeared to be useful to diagnose SPE‐PD.
Current state of the performance of percutaneous coronary intervention in centres without on‐site cardiac surgery
Authors: Oqueli E. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBefore the routine use of coronary stents, potential complications of percutaneous coronary interventions required the presence of backup cardiac surgery on‐site.Advances in pharmacotherapy and interventional techniques, particularly in the last decade, have significantly decreased the rates of complications requiring emergency cardiac surgery, from approximately 4% to 6% in the balloon angioplasty era to as low as 0.3% to 0.6% in the contemporary era of routine intracoronary stent implantation.An early invasive approach has been shown to improve outcomes among patients with non‐ST elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTEACS), particularly in those at the highest risk, emphasising the importance of early access to revascularisation premises in such patients.Patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction require immediate and sustained recanalisation of the culprit vessel to obtain rapid reperfusion of the threatened myocardium, in order to reduce infarct size and improve outcomes.Primary percutaneous coronary intervention at hospitals without on‐site cardiac surgery improves clinical outcomes and reduces length of stay when compared with fibrinolytic therapy. It also significantly reduces door‐to‐balloon times when compared with transfer for percutaneous coronary interventions at hospitals with on‐site surgery.It has been published that risk‐adjusted mortality rates for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions in centres without on‐site surgical backup are comparable with those of percutaneous coronary intervention facilities that have cardiac surgery on‐site, regardless of whether percutaneous coronary intervention was performed as primary therapy for ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction or in a non‐primary setting. To achieve these results however, an adequate percutaneous coronary intervention programme is required, including proper hospital infrastructure and appropriately trained interventional cardiologists.
Epworth HealthCare cardiac surgery audit report 2011
Authors: Chorley T. , Baker L. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract2011 is the first year Epworth has contributed to Australian and New Zealand Society of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgeons cardiac surgery database. There is now a 30‐day follow‐up data for all cardiac surgical patients as well as benchmarking of our results with 19 public hospitals and 6 private hospitals contributing data to the Australian and New Zealand Society of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgeons. This is an extension of the John Fuller Melbourne University database that has compiled cardiac surgery data for the last 30 years.
Cognitive function after several years of antiretroviral therapy with stable central nervous system penetration score
Authors: Kahouadji Y , Dumurgier J , Sellier P , Lapalus P , Delcey V , Bergmann JF , Hugon J , Paquet C 
Published: October 2012

ObjectivesPrevious studies in HIV‐infected populations have yielded conflicting results on the effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on cognition. Our objective was to investigate the effect of several years of ART with stable central nervous system penetration effectiveness (CPE) score on neuropsychological performance in HIV‐infected individuals.MethodsWe analysed a clinical cohort of HIV‐infected patients who initiated ART between June 2003 and December 2006 and maintained stable CPE scores. Patients were evaluated with a short neuropsychological battery. Using linear regression, we examined the relationship between results of cognitive tests and CPE scores in all patients.ResultsPatients were divided into three similarly sized groups (CPE ≤ 1, CPE between 1.5 and 2.5, and CPE ≥ 2.5). We found that ART with high CPE scores was associated with poorer executive performances in HIV‐1‐infected patients.ConclusionThese results suggest that cognitive performance in treated HIV‐infected patients could be influenced by ART.
Nurses as withdrawers of life sustaining treatment in paediatric intensive care
Authors: Birchley Giles , Cejer Bev 
Published: October 2012

Background: Withdrawal of life saving medical treatment is a common modality of death within UK paediatric intensive care units (PICUs). The majority of treatment withdrawals are carried out by medical staff, usually the consultant in charge of the child's care.Aim: To assess current practice of experienced PICU nurses performing the key tasks in treatment withdrawal once the decision has been made and its legal implications.Design and Method: The study was divided into three chronologically successive phases. In phase 1, a 12‐item paper survey was circulated to nursing staff on a UK PICU. In phase 2, a three‐item survey regarding current practice was sent to nurse managers on 22 UK PICUs. In phase 3, analysis of legal issues related to nurses withdrawing treatment was undertaken.Results: Poor response rates to both surveys limited their value; however, they may stimulate discussion of the issue within nursing. Phase 1 received 15 of 100 (15%) responses; open‐ended questions highlighted practitioner concerns. Eight of twenty‐two (36%) responses for phase 2 showed no consistent approach to the issue nationally. Legal analysis indicated that the law was untested in this area and nurses would be advised to withdraw treatment only if following a documented medical plan. Risks of legal and regulatory action could be reduced by formulating clear guidelines.Conclusion: PICU nurses could potentially enact withdrawal, but discussion is needed to resolve uncertainties.Relevance to Clinical Practice: National Guidelines from within the PICU community could assist nurses participating in treatment withdrawal.
Impact of Polymers on Texture Properties of Cosmetic Emulsions: A Methodological Approach
Authors: Gilbert Laura , Picard Celine , Savary Geraldine , Grisel Michel 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA methodology, particularly well adapted to the evaluation of cosmetic creams containing various texturing agents, is defined here using the Spectrum Descriptive Analysis method. The objectives were to describe and to understand the contributions of the texturing agents to the texture attributes of oil‐in‐water emulsions. The study focused on eight hydrophilic polymers, either natural (e.g., xanthan), semi‐synthetic (e.g., hydroxypropyl guar) or synthetic (e.g., carbomer), incorporated each one in an o/w emulsion. Eight texture attributes were selected and precisely defined, with strict evaluation procedures and notation scales. These attributes were gloss, integrity of shape, penetration and compression forces, stringiness, difficulty of spreading, absorbency and stickiness. A quantitative frame of reference was also developed. The methodology accuracy was evaluated through statistical analysis thus proving the sensory panel was highly discriminative, reproducible and repetitive. Principal component analysis underlined that polymers conferred to creams a very different skin feel when compared to the “control” emulsion without polymer. Synthetic polymers were characterized by higher consistency and lower gloss; semi‐synthetic polymers and xanthan by higher degrees of stringiness, whereas carob exhibited intermediate properties.Practical ApplicationsThis study may concern all the actors of the cosmetic industry, either the marketing, the quality control or the research and development departments. The developed methodology with precise definitions, strict and reproducible protocols, and with a frame of reference will be an accurate and useful tool to improve or optimize sensory evaluations of cosmetic creams, especially to investigate all the sensory aspects conferred to products by texturing agents. In the present study, the eight polymers were chosen as frequently used in cosmetic applications. As a consequence, both the methodology and the results are precious tools for product development and product optimization in order to meet consumers' texture quality requirements.
Genetic Subpopulations of Rift Valley Fever Virus Strains ZH548 and MP-12 and Recombinant MP-12 Strains
Authors: Lokugamage Nandadeva , Freiberg Alexander N. , Morrill John C. , Ikegami Tetsuro 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTRift Valley fever virus strain MP-12 was generated by serial plaque passages of parental strain ZH548 12 times in MRC-5 cells in the presence of a chemical mutagen, 5-fluorouracil. As a result, MP-12 encoded 4, 9, and 10 mutations in the S, M, and L segments, respectively. Among them, mutations in the M and L segments were responsible for attenuation, while the MP-12 S segment still encoded a virulent phenotype. We performed high-throughput sequencing of MP-12 vaccine, ZH548, and recombinant MP-12 (rMP-12) viruses. We found that rMP-12 contains very low numbers of viral subpopulations, while MP-12 and ZH548 contain 2 to 4 times more viral genetic subpopulations than rMP-12. MP-12 genetic subpopulations did not encode the ZH548 sequence at the 23 MP-12 consensus mutations. On the other hand, 4 and 2 mutations in M and L segments of MP-12 were found in ZH548 subpopulations. Thus, those 6 mutations were no longer MP-12-specific mutations. ZH548 encoded several unique mutations compared to other Egyptian strains, i.e., strains ZH501, ZH1776, and ZS6365. ZH548 subpopulations shared nucleotides at the mutation site common with those in the Egyptian strains, while MP-12 subpopulations did not share those nucleotides. Thus, MP-12 retains unique genetic subpopulations and has no evidence of reversion to the ZH548 sequence in the subpopulations. This study provides the first information regarding the genetic subpopulations of RVFV and shows the genetic stability of the MP-12 vaccine manufactured in MRC-5 cells.
Development of Neurological Disease Is Associated with Increased Immune Activation in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Macaques
Authors: Dang Que , Whitted Sonya , Goeken Robert M. , Brenchley Jason M. , Matsuda Kenta , Brown Charles R. , Lafont Bernard A. P. , Starost Matthew F. , Iyengar Ranjini , Plishka Ronald J. , Buckler-White Alicia , Hirsch Vanessa M. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection of macaques can result in central nervous system disorders, such as meningitis and encephalitis. We studied 10 animals inoculated with brain-derived virus from animals with SIV encephalitis. Over half of the macaques developed SIV-induced neurologic disease. Elevated levels of systemic immune activation were observed to correlate with viral RNA in the cerebral spinal fluid but not with plasma viral load, consistent with a role for SIV in the pathogenesis of neurologic disease.