bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of periodontal treatment on pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Michalowicz Bryan S. , Gustafsson Anders , Thumbigere‐Math Vivek , Buhlin Kåre 
Published: May 2013

Background: Preterm infants are at greater risk than term infants for physical and developmental disorders. Morbidity and mortality increases as gestational age at delivery decreases. Observational studies indicate an association between poor periodontal health and risk for preterm birth or low birthweight, making periodontitis a potentially modifiable risk factor for prematurity.Aim: To identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between January 2011 and July 2012 and discuss all published RCTs testing whether periodontal therapy reduces rates of preterm birth and low birthweight.Methods: Search of databases including PubMed, ISI Web of Science and Cochrane Library.Results: The single RCT identified showed no significant effect of periodontal treatment on birth outcomes.Discussion: All published trials included non‐surgical periodontal therapy; only two included systemic antimicrobials as part of test therapy. The trials varied substantially in terms of sample size, obstetric histories of subjects, study preterm birth rates and the periodontal treatment response. The largest trials – also judged to be high‐quality and at low risk of bias – have yielded consistent results, and indicate that treatment does not alter rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes.Conclusion: Non‐surgical periodontal therapy, scaling and root planing, does not improve birth outcomes in pregnant women with periodontitis.
Selection for Cold Tolerance during Flowering in Short‐Season Soybean
Authors: Cober Elroy R. , Molnar Stephen J. , Rai Satish , Soper John F. , Voldeng Harvey D. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTCold temperatures during early reproductive development may result in reduced pod and seed formation in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The objectives of this work were to quantify cold tolerance of six potential parents, to screen breeding populations for cold tolerance, to search for associations between molecular markers and cold tolerance phenotypes, and to evaluate field performance of breeding lines. Six cultivars were evaluated for pod and seed set after exposure to 0 to 6 wk cold periods (15/5°C day/night), which began at flowering in growth cabinets. Evaluation at 6 vs. 2 wk following the end of a 3 or 6 wk cold period best discriminated between cold tolerant (CT) and cold sensitive (CS) cultivars. Two recombinant inbred line populations were cold stressed in growth cabinets with divergent selection performed over the F5 through F7 generations to select CT and CS lines. Bulked segregant analysis identified six chromosomal regions, four of which are related by homology, as potentially impacting the trait. Over 8 yr in the field at Ottawa, Canada, CT lines yielded 379 kg ha−1 more but matured 5.5 d later than CS lines without visual symptoms of cold damage. Following selection for early maturity, random lines from an additional four populations developed from a selected CT and CS line each crossed to another CT and CS parent were field tested in three environments. Cold tolerant × CT lines yielded about 8% more than CS × CS lines, again without visual cold damage symptoms.
Association Between Metformin Therapy and Mortality After Breast Cancer
Authors: Lega Iliana C. , Austin Peter C. , Gruneir Andrea , Goodwin Pamela J. , Rochon Paula A. , Lipscombe Lorraine L. 
Published: May 2013

OBJECTIVE
Metformin has been associated with a reduction in breast cancer risk and may improve survival after cancer through direct and indirect tumor-suppressing mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of metformin therapy on survival in women with breast cancer using methods that accounted for the duration of treatment with glucose-lowering therapies.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This population-based study, using Ontario health care databases, recruited women aged 66 years or older diagnosed with diabetes and breast cancer between 1 April 1997 and 31 March 2008. Using Cox regression analyses, we explored the association between cumulative duration of past metformin use and all-cause and breast cancer–specific mortality. We modeled cumulative duration of past metformin use as a time-varying exposure.

RESULTS
Of 2,361 breast cancer patients identified, mean (± SD) age at cancer diagnosis was 77.4 ± 6.3 years, and mean follow-up was 4.5 ± 3.0 years. There were 1,101 deaths(46.6%), among which 386 (16.3%) were breast cancer–specific deaths. No significant association was found between cumulative duration of past metformin use and all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 0.97 [95% CI 0.92–1.02]) or breast cancer–specific mortality (0.91 [0.81–1.03]) per additional year of cumulative use.

CONCLUSIONS
Our findings failed to show an association between improved survival and increased cumulative metformin duration in older breast cancer patients who had recent-onset diabetes. Further research is needed to clarify this association, accounting for effects of cancer stage and BMI in younger populations or those with differing stages of diabetes as well as in nondiabetic populations.
Numerical solution of fractional differential equations via a Volterra integral equation approach
Authors: Esmaeili Shahrokh , Shamsi Mostafa , Dehghan Mehdi 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The main focus of this paper is to present a numerical method for the solution of fractional differential equations. In this method, the properties of the Caputo derivative are used to reduce the given fractional differential equation into a Volterra integral equation. The entire domain is divided into several small domains, and by collocating the integral equation at two adjacent points a system of two algebraic equations in two unknowns is obtained. The method is applied to solve linear and nonlinear fractional differential equations. Also the error analysis is presented. Some examples are given and the numerical simulations are also provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the new method.
Model-based sensitivity analysis of a fluidised-bed bioreactor for mercury uptake by immobilised Pseudomonas putida cells
Authors: Maria Gheorghe , Luta Ionela , Maria Cristina 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA model-based sensitivity analysis was performed in order to evaluate the importance of the individual operating parameters of a three-phase fluidised-bed biological reactor used for removing mercury ions from wastewater. The parameters analysed involve the immobilised biomass load (bacteria P. putida) on alginate beads, particle size, inlet flow-rate, mercury ion loads in the fed wastewater, and the solid fraction in the reactor. Predictions were generated by using pseudo-first-order, Michaelis-Menten, or pseudo-Haldane kinetic models. The results highlight the major influence of the biomass/solid load and of the liquid residence time on the reactor efficiency. Also, the resultant significant differences in the model predictions underline the importance of using a more accurate kinetic model for process design and control purposes.
Active Choice of Teachers, Learning Strategies and Goals for a Socially Guided Intrinsic Motivation Learner
Authors: Nguyen Sao Mai , Oudeyer Pierre-Yves 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
We present an active learning architecture that allows a robot to actively learn which data collection strategy is most efficient for acquiring motor skills to achieve multiple outcomes, and generalise over its experience to achieve new outcomes. The robot explores its environment both via interactive learning and goal-babbling. It learns at the same time when, who and what to actively imitate from several available teachers, and learns when not to use social guidance but use active goal-oriented self-exploration. This is formalised in the framework of life-long strategic learning.
The proposed architecture, called Socially Guided Intrinsic Motivation with Active Choice of Teacher and Strategy (SGIM-ACTS), relies on hierarchical active decisions of what and how to learn driven by empirical evaluation of learning progress for each learning strategy. We illustrate with an experiment where a simulated robot learns to control its arm for realising two kinds of different outcomes. It has to choose actively and hierarchically at each learning episode: 1) what to learn: which outcome is most interesting to select as a goal to focus on for goal-directed exploration; 2) how to learn: which data collection strategy to use among self-exploration, mimicry and emulation; 3) once he has decided when and what to imitate by choosing mimicry or emulation, then he has to choose who to imitate, from a set of different teachers. We show that SGIM-ACTS learns significantly more efficiently than using single learning strategies, and coherently selects the best strategy with respect to the chosen outcome, taking advantage of the available teachers (with different levels of skills).
Comminuted Fractures of the Femoral Neck and Scaphoid
Authors: Fortenberry Andrew D. 
Published: May 2013

The patient was a 48-year-old man serving in a deployed combat setting, who was referred to a physical therapist for evaluation of progressively worsening left hip and left wrist pain. Due to concern for hip and wrist fractures, the physical therapist ordered radiographs of the left hip and left wrist. The radiographs revealed comminuted fractures of the midneck to distal neck of the left femur and left scaphoid. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(5):350. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.0409
Quality in Physical Therapist Clinical Education: A Systematic Review
Authors: McCallum Christine A. , Mosher Peter D. , Jacobson Peri J. , Gallivan Sean P. , Giuffre Suzanne M. 
Published: May 2013

Background
Many factors affect student learning throughout the clinical education (CE) component of professional (entry-level) physical therapist education curricula. Physical therapist education programs (PTEPs) manage CE, yet the material and human resources required to provide CE are generally overseen by community-based physical therapist practices.

Purpose
The purposes of this systematic review were: (1) to examine how the construct of quality is defined in CE literature and (2) to determine the methodological rigor of the available evidence on quality in physical therapist CE.

Methods
This study was a systematic review of English-language journals using the American Physical Therapy Association’s Open Door Portal to Evidence-Based Practice as the computer search engine. The search was categorized using terms for physical therapy and quality and for CE pedagogy and models or roles. Summary findings were characterized by 5 primary themes and 14 subthemes using a qualitative-directed content analysis.

Results
Fifty-four articles were included in the study. The primary quality themes were: CE framework, CE sites, structure of CE, assessment in CE, and CE faculty. The methodological rigor of the studies was critically appraised using a binary system based on the McMaster appraisal tools. Scores ranged from 3 to 14.

Limitations
Publication bias and outcome reporting bias may be inherent limitations to the results.

Conclusion
The review found inconclusive evidence about what constitutes quality or best practice for physical therapist CE. Five key constructs of CE were identified that, when aggregated, could construe quality.
Anatomical study of superior cluneal nerve entrapment
Authors: Kuniya Hiroshi , Aota Yoichi , Saito Tomoyuki , Kamiya Yoshinori , Funakoshi Kengo , Terayama Hayato , Itoh Masahiro 
Published: May 2013

Object
Entrapment of the superior cluneal nerve (SCN) in an osteofibrous tunnel in the space surrounded by the iliac crest and the thoracolumbar fascia is a cause of low-back pain (LBP). Several anatomical and surgical reports describe SCN entrapment as a cause of LBP, and a recent clinical study reported that patients with suspected SCN disorder constitute approximately 10% of the patients suffering from LBP and/or leg symptoms. However, a detailed anatomical study of SCN entrapment is rare. The purpose of this study was to investigate the courses of SCN branches and to ascertain the frequency of SCN entrapment.

Methods
Branches of the SCN were dissected in 109 usable specimens (54 on the right side and 55 on the left side) obtained in 59 formalin-preserved cadavers (average age at death 84.8 years old). All branches were exposed at the points where they perforated the thoracolumbar fascia. The presence or absence of an osteofibrous tunnel was ascertained and, if present, the entrapment of the branches in the tunnel was determined.

Results
Of 109 specimens, 61 (56%) had at least 1 branch running through an osteofibrous tunnel. Forty-two medial (39%), 30 intermediate (28%), and 14 lateral (13%) SCN branches passed through such a tunnel. Of these, only 2 medial branches had obvious entrapment in an osteofibrous tunnel. There were several patterns for the SCN course through the tunnel: medial branch only (n = 25), intermediate branch only (n = 11), lateral branch only (n = 4), medial and intermediate branches (n = 11), medial and lateral branches (n = 2), intermediate and lateral branches (n = 4), and all branches (n = 4).

Conclusions
Several anatomical variations of the running patterns of SCN branches were detected. Entrapment was seen only in the medial branches. Although obvious entrapment of the SCN is rare, it may cause LBP.
Neurological deficit due to cement extravasation following a vertebral augmentation procedure
Authors: Sidhu Gursukhman S. , Kepler Christopher K. , Savage Katherine E. , Eachus Benjamin , Albert Todd J. , Vaccaro Alexander R. 
Published: May 2013

The authors endeavor to highlight the surgical management of severe neurological deficit resulting from cement leakage after percutaneous vertebroplasty and to systematically review the literature on the management of this complication.
A patient presented after a vertebroplasty procedure for traumatic injury. A CT scan showed polymethylmethacrylate leakage into the right foramina at T-11 and L-1 and associated central stenosis at L-1. He underwent decompression and fusion for removal of cement and stabilization of the fracture segment. In the authors' systematic review, they searched Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane databases to determine the overall number of reported cases of neurological deficit after cement leakage, and they collected data on symptom onset, clinical presentation, surgical management, and outcome.
After surgery, despite neurological recovery postoperatively, the patient developed pneumonia and died 16 days after surgery. The literature review showed 21 cases of cement extravasation with neurological deficit. Ultimately, 15 patients had resolution of the postoperative deficit, 5 had limited change in neurological status, and 2 had no improvement.
Cement augmentation procedures are relatively safe, but certain precautions should be taken to avoid such complications including high-resolution biplanar fluoroscopy, considering the use of a local anesthetic, and controlling the location of cement spread in relationship to the posterior vertebral body. Immediate surgical intervention with removal of cement provides good results with complete recovery in most cases.
Acute and Subacute Toxicity Study of Methanolic Extract of <i>ceiba pentandra</i> (Linn.) Gaertn. on Rats
Authors: Gandhare B. , Kavimani S. , Rajkapoor B. 
Published: May 2013

The purpose of toxicity testing is to provide adequate database to make decisions concerning the toxicology properties of chemical and commercial products. In some situations, the purpose is to decide whether a material will be safe. Under the conditions of expected use in other situations, the objective is to establish the safe limits in condition of use. The methanolic extract of ceiba pentandra was evaluated for acute and subacute toxicity in adult Wistar rats. For the study of acute toxicity, the methanol extract of roots of C. pentandra (MCP) was given separately in various doses (50, 500, 1000, 2000 mg/kg) by oral route. The results showed no signs of toxicity such as general behavior change, mortality, or change in gross appearance of internal organs. Subacute toxicity was studied by daily oral doses 100, 400 and 750 mg/kg (low dose, intermediate dose and high dose) orally for 28 days. The results showed no abnormalities in treated groups as compared to the controls. Although significantly different, all of the values were within normal limits. Neither gross abnormalities nor histopathological changes were observed.Keywords: Acute toxicity; Subacute toxicity; ceiba pentandra.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i2.11800 J. Sci. Res. 5 (2), 315-324 (2013)
Commutativity in Prime Gamma Near-Rings with Permuting Tri-derivations
Authors: Dey K. K. , Paul A. C. 
Published: May 2013

The object of this paper is to introduce a permuting tri-derivation in a G-near-ring. We obtain the conditions for a prime G-near-ring to be a commutative G-ring.Keywords: Gamma-near-ring; Prime Gamma-near-ring; Commutative Gamma-ring; Permuting tri-derivation.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i2.13478 J. Sci. Res. 5 (2), 275-281 (2013)
Regards de parents sur l’argent des enfants
Authors: Dorvillius Évelyne 
Published: May 2013

How parents view the cash sources of children -
Faced with the money issues of young people, parents adopt a position according to their scale of values and economic situation. What is their attitude towards the money of their children and the way they earn and spend it ? In the case of accepted or incited economic dealings the viewpoint of certain parents towards this money oscillates between two scenarios depending on the source of supply : for money received they adopt quite an authoritarian stance ; for money earned they opt for a more flexible control. If the limits of the authorised money are exceeded, silence is the golden rule.
Résistance ouvrière à Gennevilliers
Authors: Marlière Éric 
Published: May 2013

Workers’ resistance in Gennevilliers
The collapse of the working-class and of the social system that accompanied it, has disrupted the physical, political and social structures of the old districts of the red suburb. The example of the Grésillons district in Gennevilliers shows with acuity the economic and social changes and clearly illustrates the different transition phases undergone by the post-industrial society. The new generation, the sons of immigrants and workers with no more opportunities to work like their fathers did, are the most affected by the changes. They have to develop strategies to adapt and resist to this changing society which actually considers them as people on the fringe of society.
Les jeunes dans l'espace public distants des institutions ?
Authors: Moreau Christophe , Gaultier Gilbert 
Published: May 2013

Die Jugendlichen im öffentlichen Raum zurückhaltend gegenüber Institutionen ?
Anhand einer Studie, die in Grosssiedlungen von Rennes durchgeführt wurde, befragen die Autoren die Jugendlichen über ihre Präsenz im öffentlichen Raum und ihre Beziehungen zu den Institutionen. Sie unterscheiden dann 2 Jugendtypen : die "Dorfbewohner" und die "Reisenden ”.
The Risks and Benefits of Human Donor Breast Milk
Authors: Brent Nancy 
Published: May 2013

CME Educational Objectives

1.
Review the advantages and disadvantages of donor-banked milk over informal milk sharing.

2.
List disadvantages of proprietary infant formula for use as supplementation.

3.
Determine the primary ethical concerns when electing to use donor human milk versus propriety infant formula for supplementation.

The benefits of breast-feeding, as well as the risks of some artificial formula, are well known. This growing recognition of the advantages of breast-feeding is reflected in the increased incidence of breast-feeding in recent years. However, one of the most common reasons for premature weaning is low milk supply, perceived or real, followed by nipple or breast pain. Given the increased awareness of the superiority of breast milk, however, more parents are turning to human donor milk to supplement their babies after they have been weaned.
A Win-Win Collaboration
Authors: Parkinson Mary Beth 
Published: May 2013

This brief article reports on a collaborative book-borrowing policy between The Brendlinger Library of Montgomery County Community College and the Wissahickon Valley Public Library (WVPL), both located in Blue Bell, PA. Beginning in January 2013, WVPL will donate books periodically to the Brendlinger Library in support of the students enrolled in Reading classes. Circulation statistics will be reported to WVPL, and the books will be returned to WVPL for sale in the WVPL Friends of the Library book sale. Keywords: academic library; public library, community college library; collaboration; developmental readers; reading programs; reading instruction; literacy; Montgomery County Community College; Wissahickon Valley Public Library
The Heritage Hunt: From Start to Update
Authors: Aulisio George J. 
Published: May 2013

The librarians of the Weinberg Memorial Library developed and implemented a new library orientation program in only three short months. The library orientation, referred to as the Heritage Hunt, is an interactive scavenger hunt that was designed to reach the entire freshmen class. In this article, the author discusses how the librarians managed to accommodate such a large number of students, why this program was developed, the difficulties that were experienced along the way, and plans for improvement based on the findings.
Vascular Access versus the Effect of Statins on Inflammation and Fibrinolysis in Renal Dialysis Patients
Authors: do Sameiro Faria Maria , Ribeiro Sandra , Rocha-Pereira Petronila , Miranda Vasco , Quintanilha Alexandre , Reis Flávio , Costa Elísio , Belo Luís , Santos-Silva Alice 
Published: May 2013

Purpose The aim of this work was to assess the effect of statin therapy on inflammatory and fibrinolytic/endothelial (dys)function markers in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients under hemodialysis (HD), according to the type of vascular access. Methods This transversal study includes 191 ESRD patients under regular HD, divided into four groups according to vascular access and statin therapy: 87 patients with arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and no statins (AVF-NS), 61 with AVF and statins (AVF-S), 27 with central venous dialysis catheter (CVC) and no statins (CVC-NS) and 16 with CVC and statins (CVC-S). The basic lipid profile and fibrinolytic/endothelial cell function markers were assessed. Results Patients with CVC presented significantly higher levels of D-dimers compared with AVF groups. CVC-NS patients also presented the highest IL-6 values, which were significantly higher than those presented by CVC-S patients. AVF-S patients presented significantly higher t-PA and PAI-1 values and lower adiponectin levels compared with AVF-NS. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that patients with CVC, particularly those not under statin therapy, present a higher production and turnover of fibrin. We also found that statin therapy decreases inflammation in CVC patients but is associated with a reduction of adiponectin and increased endothelial function marker levels in AVF patients.