bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De plaats van het voorzetselvoorwerp
Authors: Hoeksema Jack 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This paper presents the results of a corpus study of Dutch complement PPs. On the basis of a collection of 3400 occurrences in negative sentences, the four major word order patterns (regular position, scrambling order, topicalization and extraposition) are studied, both in main and subordinate clauses, and linked to the properties of the prepositional phrases, in particular weight and definiteness. Greater weight corresponds to higher likelihood of extraposition, and definiteness to higher likelihood of scrambling and topicalization. This corresponds well with earlier studies of word order variation in Dutch, but had not been established for the class of complement PPs. Among definite phrases, PPs with so-called R-pronouns, such as hieraan ‘here-on’ and daarvan ‘thereof’ showed especially high preferences for topicalization and scrambling. Negative sentences were selected for this study to avoid cases where regular order and scrambling order could not be distinguished due to lack of adverbial elements in the middle field. The data set is temporally stratified. This made it possible to study changes over time, and the most robust finding was a continuous retreat of the scrambling order throughout the period 1700-2014.
Perceptie van tussentaal in het gesproken Nederlands in Vlaanderen
Authors: Lybaert Chloé 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
In this paper, the results of a salience experiment in Flanders are reported. 80 informants were subjected to a qualitative interview in which they were asked to evaluate seven audio recordings, spoken in several regional versions of tussentaal (literally ‘in-between-language’) or in Standard Dutch. The informants had to judge which language variety was spoken in the recordings and they had to motivate on which features they based their judgment of the language used. This paper aims to show that research on salience has almost exclusively focused on whether a linguistic item is salient or not and that not enough attention has been paid to interpersonal variation in salience.
Directionele PP’s als predicaten (of niet)
Authors: Zwarts Joost 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
It is often assumed that directional (or path) prepositional phrases (PPs) can serve as predicates. I will show that this assumption is not unproblematic, by making a comparison with locative (or place) PPs, especially where we expect both to show their predicative nature most directly, namely as attributive modifiers of nouns. If directional PPs cannot always function as predicates, as I will show, then this complicates their treatment as predicates in small clause analyses. Treating them as verb modifiers is then a more attractive alternative.
ҮНДЭСТЭН ДАМНАСАН ГЭМТ ХЭРЭГ БА МОНГОЛ УЛСЫН ҮНДЭСНИЙ АЮУЛГҮЙ БАЙДЛЫН ТУЛГАМДСАН ЗАРИМ АСУУДАЛ
Authors: Batsaikhan A 
Published: January 2015

Өнөөдөр илэрхий болсон бодит байдал нь улс үндэстний болон дэлхийн соёл иргэншлийн хувь заяанд нөлөөлж болохуйц уламжлалт бус аюул буй болж заналхийлэх болсон явдал мөн. Уламжлалт бус аюул гэдэгт хүний буруутай үйл ажиллагаа болон цаг уурын өөрчлөлттэй холбоотой байгаль-экологийн доройтол, байгалийн гамшиг, түүний давтамжийн хугацаа ойрхон болсон, нийтийг хамарсан уламжлалт бус шинэ өвчний цар тахал, олон улсын терроризм, хил дамнасан зохион байгуулалттай гэмт хэрэг тухайлбал, хар тамхи, мансууруулах бодис, зэвсгийн хууль бус наймаа, хүн худалдаалах, мөнгө угаах зэргийг хамруулан ойлгож байгаа билээ. Бид энд уламжлалт бус аюулын зарим хүрээ тухайлан бохир мөнгө угаах, хүний наймаа, хар тамхи, мансууруулах бодисын хууль бус худалдаа, хэрэглээний асуудлыг үндэсний аюулгүй байдалтай холбон товч хөндөхийг зорив.English Title: Cross-national crime and important issues of Mongolian National Security DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/jis.v0i2.390
ОРОСЫН ДИПЛОМАТ АЛБА
Authors: Myagmardorj P 
Published: January 2015

Аливаа улсын гадаад бодлого нь тодорхой бодит нөхцлүүдээс хамааран бүрэлдэн бий болдог. Тухайлбал, түүхэн хөгжил, газарзүйн байршил, улс төр, эдийн засаг, соёл, шашин гэх мэт. Эдгээрийн үндсэн дээр улсуудын үндэсний ашиг сонирхол тогтож байдаг бөгөөд олон улсын харилцааны нөхцөл байдал, агуулга өөрчлөгдөхийн хэрээр улс гүрний гадаад бодлогын өнгө аяс хувирч, шинэчлэгдэж байдаг. Гэвч үндэстэн улсын гадаад бодлогын залгамж шинж чанар хадгалагдан, олон зууны турш өөрийн онцлог байдлыг хадгалсаар байдаг. Үүний тод жишээ нь Оросын гадаад бодлого, дипломат ажиллагааны үүсэл, түүхэн хөгжил, түүний чиглэл, бүтэц зохион байгуулалт зэрэг юм. Оросын хаадын нэг нь “Орос орон бол үндэстэн улс бус дэлхийн нэг хэсэг” хэмээн тодорхойлсон нь Оросын газарзүйн болон соёл иргэншлүүдийн огтлолцол дахь байршлын онцлогийг давхар харуулж байна.English Title: Russian Diplomat Service DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/jis.v0i2.392
С.Л. Кузьмин, Нууц Түвд Орон: Тусгаар Тогтнол ба Эзэгнэлийн Түүх
Authors: Batsaikhan O 
Published: January 2015

Шүүмж Саяхан Улаанбаатар хотноо Оросын нэрт судлаач, доктор С.Л.Кузьмины “Нууц Түвд орон: Тусгаар тогтнол ба эзэгнэлийн түүх” ном монгол хэлээрорчуулагч Б.Сандагдоржын хөрвүүлснээр хэвлэгдэн гарчээ. Эл ном анх орос хэлээр Москвад хэвлэгдсэн юм. Түвд орон эртнээс барууныхны сонирхолыг гойд татаж ирсэн бөгөөд сүүлийн жилүүдэд барууны орнуудын эрдэмтэд түвдээр амьсгалж байгаа гэвэл хэтрүүлэг болохгүй гэж бодно. Энэ нь Түвдийн өнөөгийн байдалтай холбоотой ч бас Түвдийн түүх, соёл, уламжлал, шашинтай шууд холбоотой билээ. Ингээд доктор С.Л.Кузьмины Нууц Түвд орны тухайд товч өгүүлье. Эл номын оршлыг Монголын түүхэнд Дилов хутагт хэмээн алдаршиж, улмаар АНУ-д дүрвэн амьдарч байгаад таалал болсон хутагтын хойд дүр болох Халимагийн лам-Тэло Тулку Ринбүүчи бичжээ. Доктор С.Л.Кузьмин өөрийн биеэр Түвдэд хэд хэдэн удаа зочилж, түвд хүмүүсийн амьдрал, зан заншил, ахуйтай биечлэн танилцаж, гадаадын олон орны эх сурвалж ашиглан судалгаа хийж, Түвдийн талаар хэн хүнд бүрэн ойлголт өгөхүйц хэмжээний томоохон бүтээлийг туурвижээ. Ном нь Түвдчүүдийн газар зүй ба гарал үүсэл, Эртний ба дундад зууны үе, Чин гүрний үе, Тусгаар тогтнолын сүүлчийн жилүүд, Шашин ба соёл, Төр, нийгмийн байгуулалт, эдийн засаг, «Энх тайван чөлөөлөлт» ба түүний уршиг дагавар, Ардын бослогоос соёлын хувьсгал хүртэл, аугаа их пролетарийн соёлын хувьсгал, Маогийн үеийн үр дүн, Сэргээн босголт ба шинэчлэл, Түвдийн ард түмний тэмцэл, Далай лам ба түвдийн дүрвэгчид, Шашин, Өөртөө засах эрх ба хүн ам зүй, Хэл, боловсрол, соёл, Байгаль орчны байдал, Эдийн засаг, Цэрэгжилт, Амьдралын түвшин ба эрүүлийг хамгаалалт, Түвд орон хятадын салшгүй хэсэг мөн үү?, Олон улсын эрх зүй болон хятадын уламжлал дахь төрт ёс, Хятад ба “хятадын эзэнт улсуудын” тухай, Хятадад үндэсний асуудлыг шийдвэрлэсэн нь, Түвдийн статус: түүхэн өнгөрсөн үе , Түвд-монголын соёл иргэншил бөхөж байгаа юу? Гэсэн 12 бүлэгтэй бас олон зүйлтэй юм.English Title: Myctic Tibet independence and history of conquest DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/jis.v0i2.398
Switching predominance of organic versus inorganic carbon exports from an intermediate‐size subarctic watershed
Authors: Dornblaser Mark M. , Striegl Robert G. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractHydrologic exports of dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC and DOC) reflect permafrost conditions in arctic and subarctic river basins. DIC yields, in particular, increase with decreased permafrost extent. We investigated the influence of permafrost extent on DIC and DOC yield in a tributary of the Yukon River, where the upper watershed has continuous permafrost and the lower watershed has discontinuous permafrost. Our results indicate that DIC versus DOC predominance switches with interannual changes in water availability and flow routing in intermediate‐size watersheds having mixed permafrost coverage. Large water yield and small concentrations from mountainous headwaters and small water yield and high concentrations from lowlands produced similar upstream and downstream carbon yields. However, DOC export exceeded DIC export during high flow 2011, whereas DIC predominated during low flow 2010. The majority of exported carbon was derived from near‐surface organic sources when landscapes were wet or frozen and from mineralized subsurface sources when infiltration increased.
Anomalous winter winds decrease 2014 transition zone productivity in the NE Pacific
Authors: Whitney Frank A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWind‐driven transport from the North Pacific in winter provides nutrients to a highly productive region in the transition zone between the subarctic and subtropics. This region supports many species of fish, marine mammals, and seabirds. In winter 2013/2014, anomalous winds from the south weakened nutrient transport in the eastern North Pacific, resulting in substantial decreases in phytoplankton biomass. By January 2014, waters were warmer than usual by 3.5°C at the center of an affected area covering ~1.5 × 106 km2. South of this area, winter chlorophyll levels dropped to the lowest levels seen since the Sea‐viewing Wide Field‐of‐view Sensor satellite began taking measurements in 1997. It is anticipated that impacts will be felt in some fisheries and among migrating predators this coming year.
Introduction to special section on Origins and Properties of Kappa Distributions: Statistical Background and Properties of Kappa Distributions in Space Plasmas
Authors: Livadiotis George 
Published: January 2015

AbstractEmpirical kappa distributions provide a straightforward replacement of the Maxwell distribution for systems out of thermal equilibrium such as space plasmas. Kappa distributions have become increasingly widespread across space physics with the number of relevant publications following, remarkably, an exponential growth rate. However, a breakthrough in the field came with the connection of kappa distributions with the framework of nonextensive statistical mechanics. This introductory paper clarifies fundamental physical concepts and provides mathematical formulations of the theory of kappa distributions, which are a consequence of the connection of kappa distributions with a solid statistical background. Among others, the paper presents the existence of a consistent definition of temperature in systems out of thermal equilibrium described by kappa distributions, the physical meaning of the kappa index, and the formulation of the kappa distribution of a Hamiltonian. In addition, the paper examines the most frequent values of kappa indices in space plasmas. Statistical analysis reveals trends between the characteristic values of density, temperature, and kappa index of space plasmas. Finally, understanding the kinetic interpretation of the temperature as the mean kinetic energy, and of the kappa index as the correlation of kinetic energies, helps to develop all the possible formulations of isotropic/anisotropic kappa distributions.
Elemental carbon, organic carbon, and dust concentrations in snow measured with thermal optical and gravimetric methods: Variations during the 2007–2013 winters at Sapporo, Japan
Authors: Kuchiki Katsuyuki , Aoki Teruo , Niwano Masashi , Matoba Sumito , Kodama Yuji , Adachi Kouji 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe mass concentrations of light‐absorbing snow impurities at Sapporo, Japan, were measured during six winters from 2007 to 2013. Elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) concentrations were measured with the thermal optical method, and dust concentration was determined by filter gravimetric measurement. The measurement results using the different filters were compared to assess the filtration efficiency. Adding NH4H2PO4 coagulant to melted snow samples improved the collection efficiency for EC particles by a factor of 1.45. The mass concentrations of EC, OC, and dust in the top 2 cm layer ranged in 0.007–2.8, 0.01–13, and 0.14–260 ppmw, respectively, during the six winters. The mass concentrations and their short‐term variations were larger in the surface than in the subsurface. The snow impurity concentrations varied seasonally; that is, they remained relatively low during the accumulation season and gradually increased during the melting season. Although the surface snow impurities showed no discernible trend over the six winters, they varied from year to year, with a negative correlation between the snow impurity concentrations and the amount of snowfall. The surface snow impurities generally increased with the number of days elapsed since snowfall and showed a different rate for EC (1.44), OC (9.96), and dust (6.81). The possible processes causing an increase in surface snow impurities were dry deposition of atmospheric aerosols, melting of surface snow, and sublimation/evaporation of surface snow.
Effect of moisture on cationic polymerization of silicone epoxy monomers
Authors: Ranaweera R. A. A. Upul , Schuman Thomas P. , Wang Rongpeng , Miller Bradley D. , Kilway Kathleen V. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTMoisture in polymerization of a cationically cured silicone epoxy monomer blend is an important parameter that affects the resulting polymer properties. We report the kinetics of the cationic polymerization of epoxy monomers as a function of water concentration, directly quantified using Karl Fischer (KF) titration that was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and also the mechanical strength of resulting polymers via diametral tensile strength measurements. Methodology and results for a silicone epoxy monomer material were compared with the same methodology applied to a “control” monomer, 3,4‐epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3,4‐epoxycyclohexyane carboxylate, for which moisture effects have been previously studied. Initially, an increase in moisture during cationic polymerization of epoxy caused increased rate (ROC) and degree of conversion (DOC) that for the silicone epoxy was followed by decreased DOCs for water contents approaching saturation, i.e., [H2O]∼0.19 wt %. Further, the rate of conversion was also affected by the presence of moisture with a trend analogous to the DOC. Diametral tensile strength measurements found that small amounts of water present during polymerization caused small changes in tensile strength but found polymer strengths to be significantly decreased if initial water concentrations approached saturation or were in excess of saturation. Lower strengths corresponded with reduced rates of conversion and DOCs. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41831.
Die Massivbaukonstruktion des Nationalstadions in Bukarest
Authors: Constantinescu Dan , Köber Dietlinde 
Published: January 2015

AbstractDas Bukarester Nationalstadion ist eine modern ausgestattete Fußballarena für 55 000 Zuschauer, die komplett überdacht werden kann. Im Aufsatz werden das Tragwerkskonzept der Stahlbetonkonstruktion und die Grundsätze der Ausbildung der Fertigteile und deren Anschlüsse beschrieben. Bukarest liegt in einem stark gefährdeten Erdbebengebiet und das hat das gewählte Tragwerk maßgeblich geprägt, wenn auch von außen die Arena als eine schlanke, kolosseumähnliche Massivkonstruktion erscheint. Zugleich mussten die unregelmäßigen Baugrundbedingungen berücksichtigt werden.The RC Structure of the National Stadium in BucharestThe stadium is a modernly equipped soccer arena for 55 000 spectators, which can be completely roofed over. The paper presents the structural concept of the RC construction as well as some basic features of the precast elements and their connections. Bucharest lies in a very strong earthquake area and that has crucially affected the concept of the stiffening structure, even if from outside the stadium looks like a slender Coliseum. The chosen structural system has also had to account for the existing variable foundation conditions.
Electrodes Functionalized with the 2,2,6,6‐Tetramethylpiperidinyloxy Radical for the Waste‐Free Oxidation of Alcohols
Authors: Ciriminna Rosaria , Palmisano Giovanni , Pagliaro Mario 
Published: January 2015

AbstractElectrodes functionalised with the organocatalyst 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidinyloxy (TEMPO) moiety hold great potential for the development of waste‐free industrial synthesis of valuable carbonyl compounds using electrons and alcohols as the only reactants. Since the inception of the first active electrode in 1988, a number of different electrodes have been developed to the recent fastest TEMPO‐mediated alcohol oxidation process ever reported. In addition to good activity and broad applicability to different substrates, the electrode stability is the crucial factor that will guide the adoption of this eminently clean technology by the fine chemical and pharmaceutical industry.
Hierarchically Ordered Porous CoOOH Thin‐Film Electrodes for High‐Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Dhawale Dattatray S. , Kim Sehwan , Park Dae‐Hwan , Choy Jin‐Ho , Al‐deyab Salem S. , Ariga Katsuhiko , Kim Eunkyoung , Vinu Ajayan 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe report a simple, cost‐effective, and potentially scalable approach for the fabricating hierarchically porous CoOOH thin‐film supercapacitors by combining a soft‐templating and a chemical‐bath deposition (CBD) method. The prepared electrode materials exhibit uniform morphology and highly ordered macropores, achieving a maximum specific capacitance of 387 F g−1 at a current density of 1 mA cm−2, with a high energy of 19 Wh kg−1 and power density of 1713 W kg−1. In addition, the porous CoOOH electrodes show good stability with a cycling efficiency >90 % after 5000 charge–discharge cycles, which could lead to the generation of novel energy‐storage devices with better efficiencies.
Highly Efficient Dehydrogenative Coupling of Hydrosilanes with Amines or Amides Using Supported Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Mitsudome Takato , Urayama Teppei , Maeno Zen , Mizugaki Tomoo , Jitsukawa Koichiro , Kaneda Kiyotomi 
Published: January 2015

AbstractHydroxyapatite‐supported gold nanoparticles (Au/HAP) can act as a highly active and reusable catalyst for the coupling of hydrosilanes with amines under mild conditions. Various silylamines can be selectively obtained from diverse combinations of equimolar amounts of hydrosilanes with amines including less reactive bulky hydrosilanes. This study also highlights the applicability of Au/HAP to the selective synthesis of silylamides through the coupling of hydrosilanes with amides, demonstrating the first example of an efficient heterogeneous catalyst. Moreover, Au/HAP shows high reusability and applicability for gram‐scale synthesis.
A phase II trial of second‐line axitinib following prior antiangiogenic therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: McNamara Mairéad G. , Le Lisa W. , Horgan Anne M. , Aspinall Alex , Burak Kelly W. , Dhani Neesha , Chen Eric , Sinaei Mehrdad , Lo Glen , Kim Tae Kyoung , Rogalla Patrik , Bathe Oliver F. , Knox Jennifer J. 
Published: January 2015

BACKGROUNDSecond‐line treatment options in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are limited. Axitinib, a selective potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) of vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF) receptors 1, 2, and 3, merits exploration in HCC.METHODSThis was a single‐arm phase II trial of axitinib in advanced HCC. Eligible patients were Child‐Pugh A/B7, with measurable progressive disease after TKIs/antiangiogenic drugs. Axitinib was started at 5 mg twice daily orally, titrated from 2 to 10 mg twice daily as tolerated. The primary end point was tumor control at 16 weeks by RECIST1.1; secondary end points were response rate, comparing response by RECIST1.1 to Choi and modified RECIST, exploring dynamic contrast‐enhanced imaging models, safety, progression‐free (PFS), and overall survival (OS).RESULTSThirty patients were treated. Of 26 patients evaluable for response, there were 3 partial responses (PR) per RECIST1.1; 13 PR by Choi, 6 PR and 1 complete response by modified RECIST. Tumor control rate at 16 weeks was 42.3%. Two‐week perfusion changes were noted on functional imaging. Of 21 patients with evaluable α‐fetoprotein response, 43% had >50% decrease from baseline. Most common axitinib‐related grade 3/4 adverse events (AEs) were hypertension, thrombocytopenia and diarrhea. Of 11 patients with any grade hypertension, 7 had disease control >36wks. Four patients discontinued treatment due to AEs. Median PFS was 3.6months. Median OS was 7.1months.CONCLUSIONSWith 42.3% tumor control at 16weeks, primary endpoint was met. Axitinib has shown encouraging tolerable clinical activity in VEGF‐pretreated HCC patients but further study should be in a selected population incorporating potential biomarkers of response. Cancer 2015;121:1620–1627. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Second primary head and neck cancer after Hodgkin lymphoma: A population‐based study of 44,879 survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Chowdhry Amit K. , McHugh Colin , Fung Chunkit , Dhakal Sughosh , Constine Louis S. , Milano Michael T. 
Published: January 2015

BACKGROUNDSurvivors of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are at an increased risk of developing second malignancies. To the authors' knowledge, the risks of head and neck cancer (HNC) after HL and subsequent survival have not been thoroughly investigated.METHODSFrom the US population‐based Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for 1973 through 2011, survivors of HL who developed HNC as a second cancer were analyzed. Patients with a first primary HNC were used as a comparison group. Observed‐to‐expected ratios and summary statistics were performed on patients with HL with squamous cell carcinoma (HL‐SCC) and salivary gland cancer (HL‐SGC). The impact of HL history on overall survival was assessed using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model.RESULTSThe observed‐to‐expected ratio for SCC among patients with HL was 1.73 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.36‐2.16; P<.05), whereas it was 8.56 for SGC (95% CI, 5.82‐12.15; P<.05). Using Cox proportional hazards modeling, a history of HL was found to be an adverse prognostic factor for overall survival for SCC (hazard ratio, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.08‐1.73 [P = .009]) but not SGC (hazard ratio, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.82‐1.79 [P = .34]). The inferior survival of the patients in the HL‐SCC cohort appears to be attributable to more deaths from HL and other malignancies diagnosed after SCC.CONCLUSIONSThere is a significantly increased risk of salivary and nonsalivary HNC after HL, and worse survival for patients with HL‐SCC versus those with a first primary SCC. Clinicians should be aware of the risks of HNC after HL. In the absence of evidence‐based criteria, the authors recommend that survivors of HL undergo periodic head and neck examination. Cancer 2015;121:1436–1445. © 2015 American Cancer Society.