bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sobre algunos nexos subordinantes en español y en polaco: tipos de estructuras que enlazan y diferenciaciones entre el registro escrito y el hablado
Authors: Kucała Danuta 
Published: August 2013

ABOUT A FEW CONNECTORS WHICH INTRODUCE SUBORDINATE CLAUSES IN SPANISH AND POLISH: TYPES OF THESE CLAUSES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE WRITTEN AND THE SPOKEN LANGUAGE
The aim of this paper is to compare a few selected connectors which introduce different types of subordinate clauses in Spanish (conjunction – que, pronoun – que and adverb – donde) and their equivalents in Polish. We also looked at a few examples of the compound sentences in Polish and tried to indicate the Spanish equivalents of the conjunctions which were used in these sentences (such as że, który, gdzie). We tried to observe the differences in the number of the exponents of these relations of subordination and their functions in two languages in question and the influence of the verb (its modal and temporal characteristics) on the use of these conjunctions. In the final part we mentioned some tendencies in creating subordinate clauses with these conjunctions, pronouns and adverbs in the spoken language.
Acerca de las relaciones entre el aspecto y el modo accional desde una perspectiva tipológico-comparada
Authors: Nowikow Wiaczesław 
Published: August 2013

ABOUT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ASPECT AND AKTIONSART FROM THE TYPOLOGICAL-COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE
The article analyses the status of the Aspect and Aktionsart categories, as well as the relationship between them. The analysis was based on a comparison between the Romance and North Slavonic languages, with particular emphasis on Polish and Spanish. From the typological point of view the first one can be classified as an aspect + cases type and the second one belongs to the article + tense languages. Therefore it analyses some differences between Spanish tenses pretérito and copretérito, as well as perfective and imperfective Aspect in Polish.
estereotipos arraigados en la lengua: el concepto de derecho e izquierdo en español y polaco
Authors: Tatoj Cecylia 
Published: August 2013

STEREOTYPES FOUND IN A LANGUAGE: THE CONCEPT OF RIGHT AND LEFT IN SPANISH AND POLISH
This article focuses on the comparative analysis of the concepts of right and left in Spanish and Polish. The author begins the article by providing a precise definition of a language stereotype based on the research by Bartmiński, explaining its features that differ from the meaning of the prototype presented in cognitive research and prooving that both concepts can complement each other. By connecting them, we can create a full picture of semantic concepts, especially those of strong cultural connotations. The next step is to compare the symbolism connected with the above mentioned concepts and the comparative analysis of their cultural connotations, showing the similarities and differences between those concepts in the selected languages.
Critical Role of the Hippocampus in Memory for Elapsed Time
Authors: Jacobs Nathan S. , Allen Timothy A. , Nguyen Natalie , Fortin Norbert J. 
Published: August 2013

Episodic memory includes information about how long ago specific events occurred. Since most of our experiences have overlapping elements, remembering this temporal context is crucial for distinguishing individual episodes. The discovery of timing signals in hippocampal neurons, including evidence of “time cells” and of gradual changes in ensemble activity over long timescales, strongly suggests that the hippocampus is important for this capacity. However, behavioral evidence that the hippocampus is critical for the memory of elapsed time is lacking. This is possibly because previous studies have used time durations in the range of seconds when assessing hippocampal dependence, a timescale known to require corticostriatal circuits.Here we developed a nonspatial paradigm to test the hypothesis that the hippocampus is critical for keeping track of elapsed time over several minutes. We report that rats have a robust ability to remember durations at this timescale. We then determined the role of the hippocampus using infusions of fluorophore-conjugated muscimol, a GABAAagonist. We found that the hippocampus was essential for discriminating smaller, but not larger, temporal differences (measured in log units), consistent with a role in temporal pattern separation. Importantly, this effect was observed at long (minutes) but not short (seconds) timescales, suggesting an interplay of temporal resolution and timescale in determining hippocampal dependence. These results offer compelling evidence that the hippocampus plays a critical role in remembering how long ago events occurred.
Iodine Status of Breastfed Infants and their Mothers after Sixteen Years of Universal Dietary Salt Iodization Program in Dosso, Niger
Authors: Sadou Hassimi , Moussa Yaou , Alma Mousbahou Malam , Daouda Hamani 
Published: August 2013

Introduction:
Universal dietary salt iodization (UDSI) was implemented in Niger in 1996. However, since 2000
there was a slowdown in progress against iodine deficiency.

Objective:
The objective was to assess iodine nutritional status of infants and their lactating mothers living in Dosso, the
state capital of a severe iodine deficiency region in Niger.

Methods:
The study was centered on 238 full-term infants and their mothers. Some of the data collected were: arm circumference
(AC), head circumference (HC) of infant; familial thyroid disease history; the infant feeding method; age of
the mother and child; parity, occupation and educational level of the mother.

Results:
In infants, the urinary iodine concentration (UIC) ranged from 20 to 1600 μg/l with a median of 220 μg/L and
17.23 % had iodine deficiency (UIC<l00μg/L). In mothers, the UIC was within 10 and 820 μg/L with a median of 68
μg/L and 69.75 % had iodine deficiency. No significant statistical correlation was found between infant UIC and their age,
type of feeding and gender as well as educational level, occupational group, parity and age of their mothers (p>0.05).
Spearman's correlation test indicated weak significant correlation between maternal and infant UIC (r = 0,167, p = 0, 01).

Conclusion:
Iodine status was suboptimal in 70% of mothers and 17% (mild to moderate) of breastfed infants, thus indicating
an urgent need to provide iodine supplement for lactating women in Dosso.
Surgical and Biomechanical Perspectives on Osteoarthritis and the ACL Deficient Knee: A Critical Review of the Literature
Authors: Fu Richard Z , Lin David D 
Published: August 2013

This review was undertaken to better understand the debate regarding the issue of osteoarthritis associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, from a surgical and biomechanical standpoint. Much of the current debate focuses on contributory surgical factors and their relative roles in increasing or decreasing the risk of future osteoarthritis development, primarily highlighting the controversy over whether reconstructive surgery itself is necessarily protective. This review addresses the evolution of ACL reconstruction techniques over time, and with a view to thoroughly examine the role of surgery, outcome differences in procedural technique are reviewed, with a focus on open versus arthroscopic methods, graft choice and the use of a double versus single bundle reconstruction technique.Moreover, other potentially important contributory factors are identified and discussed, such as intrinsic biomechanical alterations sustained at the time of initial injury, and how these may have a more significant role with regard to future osteoarthritic changes in the knee than previously attributed.
mHealth for HIV Treatment & Prevention: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Catalani Caricia , Philbrick William , Fraser Hamish , Mechael , Patricia , Israelski Dennis M. 
Published: August 2013

This systematic review assesses the published literature to describe the landscape of mobile health technology (mHealth) for HIV/AIDS and the evidence supporting the use of these tools to address the HIV prevention, care, and treatment cascade. The speed of innovation, broad range of initiatives and tools, and heterogeneity in reporting have made it difficult to uncover and synthesize knowledge on how mHealth tools might be effective in addressing the HIV pandemic.To do address this gap, a team of reviewers collected literature on the use of mobile technology for HIV/AIDS among health, engineering, and social science literature databases and analyzed a final set of 62 articles. Articles were systematically coded, assessed for scientific rigor, and sorted for HIV programmatic relevance. The review revealed evidence that mHealth tools support HIV programmatic priorities, including: linkage to care, retention in care, and adherence to antiretroviral treatment. In terms of technical features, mHealth tools facilitate alerts and reminders, data collection, direct voice communication, educational messaging, information on demand, and more. Studies were mostly descriptive with a growing number of quasi-experimental and experimental designs. There was a lack of evidence around the use of mHealth tools to address the needs of key populations, including pregnant mothers, sex workers, users of injection drugs, and men who have sex with men.The science and practice of mHealth for HIV are evolving rapidly, but still in their early stages. Small-scale efforts, pilot projects, and preliminary descriptive studies are advancing and there is a promising trend toward implementing mHealth innovation that is feasible and acceptable within low-resource settings, positive program outcomes, operational improvements, and rigorous study design
Training the “Assertive Practitioner of Behavioral Science”: Advancing a Behavioral Medicine Track in a Family Medicine Residency
Authors: Butler Dennis J. , Holloway Richard L. , Fons Dominique 
Published: August 2013

Objective: This article describes the development of a Behavioral Medicine track in a family medicine residency designed to train physicians to proactively and consistently apply advanced skills in psychosocial medicine, psychiatric care, and behavioral medicine. Methods: The Behavioral Medicine track emerged from a behavioral science visioning retreat, an opportunity to restructure residency training, a comparative family medicine-psychiatry model, and qualified residents with high interest in behavioral science. Training was restructured to increase rotational opportunities in core behavioral science areas and track residents were provided an intensive longitudinal counseling seminar and received advanced training in psychopharmacology, case supervision, and mindfulness. Results: The availability of a Behavioral Medicine track increased medical student interest in the residency program and four residents have completed the track. All track residents have presented medical Grand Rounds on behavioral science topics and have lead multiple workshops or research sessions at national meetings. Graduate responses indicate effective integration of behavioral medicine skills and abilities in practice, consistent use of brief counseling skills, and good confidence in treating common psychiatric disorders. Conclusion: As developed and structured, the Behavioral Medicine track has achieved the goal of producing “assertive practitioners of behavioral science in family medicine” residents with advanced behavioral science skills and abilities who globally integrate behavioral science into primary care.
Non-Timely 10-K Filings and Audit Fees
Authors: Wang Changjiang , Raghunandan K. , McEwen Ruth Ann 
Published: August 2013

SYNOPSIS
The SEC requires that firms failing to file their annual reports within the specified deadlines file a Form NT 10−K with the Commission. In this paper, we examine the impact of non-timely filings on audit fees. We find that in the case of accelerated filers, audit fees are 26 (12) percent higher for those firms that had a Form NT 10-K filing in the previous (current) year. There is no such statistically significant association between non-timely filing and audit fees in the case of non-accelerated filers, but this result is driven by the clients of non-Big 4 auditors. Our results add to the stream of research related to non-timely filings of annual reports, and provide additional evidence about differences in audit quality/risk between Big 4 and non-Big 4 audit firms. The results also reinforce findings from recent studies about the significant differences in the market for audit services of accelerated and non-accelerated filer firms.
Is the Decline in the Information Content of Earnings Following Restatements Short-Lived?
Authors: Chen Xia , Cheng Qiang , Lo Alvis K. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT
Prior research finds that the decline in the information content of earnings after restatement announcements is short-lived and the earnings response coefficient (ERC) bounces back after three quarters. We re-examine this issue using a more recent and comprehensive sample of restatements. We find that material restatement firms experience a significant decrease in the ERC over a prolonged period—close to three years after restatement announcements. In contrast, other restatement firms experience a decline in the ERC for only one quarter. We further find that among material restatement firms, those that are subject to more credibility concerns and those that do not take prompt actions to improve reporting credibility experience a longer drop in the ERC. Last, reconciling with prior research, we find that using a more powerful proxy for material restatements and imposing less restrictive sampling requirements help to increase the power of the tests to detect the long-run drop in the ERC.
Data Availability: The data are available from the sources indicated in the text.
Dendrometer bands made easy: Using modified cable ties to measure incremental growth of trees
Authors: Anemaet Evelyn R. , Middleton Beth A. 
Published: August 2013

• Premise of the study: Dendrometer bands are a useful way to make sequential repeated measurements of tree growth, but traditional dendrometer bands can be expensive, time consuming, and difficult to construct in the field. An alternative to the traditional method of band construction is to adapt commercially available materials. This paper describes how to construct and install dendrometer bands using smooth‐edged, stainless steel, cable tie banding and attachable rollerball heads.• Methods and Results: As a performance comparison, both traditional and cable tie dendrometer bands were installed on baldcypress trees at the National Wetlands Research Center in Lafayette, Louisiana, by both an experienced and a novice worker. Band installation times were recorded, and growth of the trees as estimated by the two band types was measured after approximately one year, demonstrating equivalence of the two methods.• Conclusions: This efficient approach to dendrometer band construction can help advance the knowledge of long‐term tree growth in ecological studies.
Le vieillissement au travail
Authors: Vendramin Patricia , Valenduc Gérard 
Published: August 2013

Pour répondre aux coûts engendrés par le vieillissement de la population, plusieurs mesures ont été prises afin de maintenir davantage de travailleurs sur le marché de l’emploi jusqu’à l’âge légal de la pension. Ces mesures ne comportent pas de dispositions visant à améliorer la qualité de vie au travail pour les personnes de plus de 50 ans. Elles se heurtent dès lors à la réalité quotidienne de certaines conditions de travail : est-il fondé de demander aux travailleurs vieillissants de continuer à exercer leur métier jusqu’à l’âge de 65 ans ? Le présent Courrier hebdomadaire s’appuie sur les résultats de deux enquêtes datant de 2010 : l’enquête européenne sur les conditions de travail (EWCS), due à Eurofound et portant notamment sur la Belgique, et l’enquête belge sur les forces de travail (LFS), réalisée par Statbel. Sur la base de ces diverses données, P. Vendramin et G. Valenduc dressent le profil statistique des travailleurs belges de plus de 50 ans (par branche d’activité, sexe, taux d’occupation…) et étudient la réalité de leurs conditions de travail (pénibilité, stress, soutien des supérieurs hiérarchiques, perspectives professionnelles…). Ils analysent aussi la perception qu’ont les travailleurs vieillissants de la soutenabilité de leur travail, c’est-à-dire leur sentiment d’être ou non capables d’exécuter les mêmes tâches lorsqu’ils auront 60 ans, et leur volonté de réduire leur temps de travail en fin de carrière. L’étude pointe les principaux facteurs qui influencent les possibilités de maintien dans l’emploi : la qualité du travail (contenu, environnement, conditions d’emploi, relations sociales), la santé et la conciliation entre vie professionnelle et vie privée.
Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Adenanthin on Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Inhibiting NF-κB Signaling
Authors: Yin Qian-Qian , Liu Chuan-Xu , Wu Ying-Li , Wu Shao-Fang , Wang Yan , Zhang Xia , Hu Xiao-Juan , Pu Jian-Xin , Lu Ying , Zhou Hu-Chen , Wang Hong-Lin , Nie Hong , Sun Han-Dong , Chen Guo-Qiang 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Adenanthin, a diterpenoid isolated from the leaves of Isodon adenanthus, has been reported to possess antileukemic activity through targeting peroxiredoxin I/II. However, its other potential activities remain to be explored. Using myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)35–55-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model for multiple sclerosis, we report in this study that adenanthin exerts efficaciously preventive and therapeutic effects on EAE accompanied by significant restriction of infiltration of inflammatory cells and demyelination in CNS. Adenanthin-presented immunomodulatory effects on EAE are correlated with suppressed proliferation of MOG35–55-reactive T cells, decreased Th1 and Th17 cells, increased regulatory T cell populations, decreased production of serum proinflammatory cytokines, and reduced stimulatory capacity of APCs, which might be mediated by its inhibitory action on NF-κB signaling pathway. Our results propose that, as a novel NF-κB inhibitor, adenanthin has potent immunomodulatory activity for the treatment of multiple sclerosis and possibly other autoimmune disorders.
Small Flag Complexes with Torsion
Authors: Adamaszek Michał 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWe classify flag complexes on at most 12 vertices with torsion in the first homology group. The result is moderately computer-aided. As a consequence we confirm a folklore conjecture that the smallest poset whose order complex is homotopy equivalent to the real projective plane (and also the smallest poset with torsion in the first homology group) has exactly 13 elements.
Comparative Study of Various Methods of Fetal Weight Estimation in Term Pregnancy
Authors: Mukherjee Partha , Goswami Sebanti , Kumari Anupama 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT

Objective
The goal of this study was to evaluate the various methods of estimating fetal weight in term pregnancy and to determine their relative accuracy in predicting the same in different weight categories.

Materials and methods
The study was conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata from 1st July 2009 to 30th June 2010. It was a prospective cohort type of study covering 500 pregnant women at term. Parameters studied (a) average error (gm) in different birth weight categories, (b) standard deviation of prediction error in each birth weight category.

Results
Ultrasonography was found to have least standard deviation closely followed by the two clinical methods proposed by Johnson and Dare. The average positive predictive value of different methods in our study was 42.2, 70.9, 80.5 and 76% for Dawn's, Johnson's, Dare's formulas and USG respectively.

Conclusion
Easily measurable obstetric parameters with simple instruments requiring minimal manpower training are equally accurate as USG in predicting fetal weight.

How to cite this article
Kumari A, Goswami S, Mukherjee P. Comparative Study of Various Methods of Fetal Weight Estimation in Term Pregnancy. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(1):22-25.
A Case of Mucopolysaccharidosis II /I-Cell Disease
Authors: LNU Nisha , Sumangala D Devi 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT
A 24-year-old second gravida was admitted at 17.3 weeks for MTP. She underwent a chorion villus sampling (CVS) at 13 weeks of gestation which revealed a fetus with normal karyotype but lysosomal enzyme assay revealed marked deficiency of betagalactosidase consistent with I-cell disease. MTP was done. The fetus weighed 200 gm with no gross anomalies.

How to cite this article
Jyoti RC, Sumangala DD, Nisha. A Case of Mucopolysaccharidosis II/I-Cell Disease. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(1):45-46.
Comparison of chiropractic student scores before and after utilizing active learning techniques in a classroom setting
Authors: Guagliardo Joseph G. , Hoiriis Kathryn T. 
Published: August 2013

Objective
We report the differences in final examination scores achieved by students at the culmination of two different teaching strategies in an introductory skills course.

Methods
Multiple choice examination scores from six consecutive academic calendar sessions over 18 months (n = 503) were compared. Two groups were used: Cohort A (n = 290) represented students who were enrolled in the course 3 consecutive academic sessions before an instructional change and Cohort B (n = 213) included students who were enrolled in 3 consecutive academic sessions following the instructional change, which included a more active learning format. Statistical analyses used were 2-tailed independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD), and effect size.

Results
The 2-tailed independent t-test revealed a significant difference between the two groups (t = −3.71, p &lt; .001; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.29–4.20). Significant difference was found in the highest performing subgroup compared to the lowest performing subgroup in Cohort A (F = 3.343, p = .037). For Cohort A subgroups 1 and 2, Tukey's HSD was p &lt; .028. In Cohort B, no difference was found among subgroups (F = 1.912, p = .150, HSD p &gt; .105).

Conclusion
Compared to previous versions of the same course taught by the same instructor, the students in the new course design performed better, suggesting that using active learning techniques helps improve student achievement.
Asymptotic effectiveness of a catalyst particle in the form of a hollow cylinder
Authors: Aris Rutherford , Balakotaiah Vemuri 
Published: August 2013

SignificanceAn explicit formula is presented for the effectiveness factor of a catalyst particle in the form of a hollow cylinder taking into account the reactant diffusion in the fluid phase of the cylindrical core and diffusion and reaction in the outer reactive annulus. The proper normalization to be used in the definition of the generalized Thiele modulus as well as the aspect ratios that lead to the highest effectiveness are also determined. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 4020–4024, 2013