bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac catheterisation of patients with common arterial trunk and transposition of the great arteries
Authors: Stapleton Gary E. , Wilmot Ivan , Suh Elsa J. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractCardiac catheterisation continues to play an important role in the long-term management of patients with common arterial trunk and transposition of the great arteries. Although non-invasive imaging has largely eliminated the need for diagnostic catheterisation in newborns with these congenital cardiac lesions, cardiac catheterisation is an important tool for the diagnosis of a variety of problems encountered after surgical intervention, and allows interventions to be performed when feasible. We review the indications for cardiac catheterisation and describe the specifics for various interventional procedures for these patients in this manuscript.
Centre variation in cost and outcomes for congenital heart surgery
Authors: Pasquali Sara K. , Gaies Michael G. , Jacobs Jeffrey P. , William Gaynor J. , Jacobs Marshall L. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAlthough overall outcomes for children undergoing heart surgery have improved, there is a significant variation in outcomes across hospitals. This review discusses the variation in cost and outcomes across centres performing congenital heart surgery, potential underlying mechanisms, and efforts to reduce variation and improve outcome.
Foetal echocardiography of transposition of the great arteries and common arterial trunk
Authors: Freire Grace , Miller Michelle , Huhta James 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAdvances in foetal echocardiography allow detection of conotruncal anomalies such as transposition of the great arteries and common arterial trunk. Early detection of these anomalies is important for appropriate delivery planning, family counselling, and management. This manuscript will review the anatomic considerations, differential diagnosis, and foetal echocardiographic features of each of these malformations and review the importance of prenatal diagnosis and family counselling.
Past, present, and future of the arterial switch operation: historical review
Authors: Dodge-Khatami Ali , Mavroudis Constantine , Mavroudis Constantine D. , Jacobs Jeffrey P. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe arterial switch operation is the extant surgical correction after a long series of palliations attempted and/or successfully achieved for the treatment of discordant ventriculoarterial connections. As early as 1954, pioneers such as Mustard, Bailey, Kay, and Idriss led the way with at first disheartening failures, temporarily leading to abandoning the procedure. The first successful atrial baffle procedure in 1958 established itself as the procedure of choice for treating discordant ventriculoarterial connections, but tenacity, courage, and vision to pursue anatomic correction finally led to the first successful arterial switch in 1975 by Jatene. After a decade to perfect surgical technique and timing indications for the various anatomic subtypes, the new era of the neonatal arterial switch since the late 1980s set the very high standards that we all know and expect today. Despite excellent early and long-term survival, important residual lesions are increasingly being recognised. Expected anatomic residuals include supravalvar pulmonary stenosis, neoaortic valve insufficiency, and coronary ostial stenosis. Reinterventions and rare, but challenging surgical reoperations address these residual findings with satisfactory outcomes. Quality of life into young adulthood is satisfactory, but functional problems include reduced exercise capacity, diffuse coronary insufficiency, and neurodevelopmental shortcomings, of which the true incidence and potential clinical implications are still unknown. The arterial switch is a spectacular anatomic correction for a once lethal condition and currently the best surgical solution for patients with discordant ventriculoarterial connections. It is, however, far from a true cure; closer and ongoing follow-up for future care will continue to be required.
Surgery for common arterial trunk
Authors: Chai Paul J. , Jacobs Jeffrey P. , Quintessenza James A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractSurgery for common arterial trunk has evolved over the past 30 years. Current management involves total repair during the neonatal period with excellent expected results. The presence of truncal valve insufficiency or interrupted aortic arch may increase the surgical risk for morbidity and mortality. Current therapy and management continues to evolve.
Parenting style and child-feeding behaviour in predicting children's weight status change in Taiwan
Authors: Tung Ho-Jui , Yeh Ming-Chin 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjectiveThe prevalence of overweight and obesity among children is on the rise worldwide. Prior studies find that parents’ child-feeding practices are associated with child weight status and the efficacy of specific parental child-feeding practices can be moderated by parenting styles. In the current longitudinal study, we examined the associations between child-feeding practices and weight status changes over 1 year among a sample of school-aged children in Taiwan.DesignIn autumn 2008, a child-feeding questionnaire and parenting-style questionnaire were administered to parents of the second and fourth graders in an elementary school in Taiwan. The weight and height of the students were measured by a trained school nurse in 2008 and again in 2009.SettingAn elementary school in central Taiwan.SubjectsA total of 465 parent–child pairs were included in the analysis.ResultsUsing a gender- and age-adjusted BMI classification scheme issued by the Taiwan Department of Health, 29·2 % of the students were considered overweight at the 2009 measurement. Controlling for 2008 weight status revealed moderating effects of parenting style on the relationship between child-feeding practices and child weight status. Both authoritative and authoritarian mothers might monitor their children's dietary intake; however, the effectiveness of this practice was better, in terms of weight status control, among the authoritative mothers.ConclusionsFindings suggest that parenting styles have a moderating effect on specific parental child-feeding practices. Parenting styles and parent's feeding practices could be an important focus for future public health interventions addressing the rising childhood obesity epidemic.
Psychometric assessment of the Behavior and Attitudes Questionnaire for Healthy Habits: measuring parents’ views on food and physical activity
Authors: Henry Beverly W , Smith Thomas J , Ahmad Saadia 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo assess parents’ perspectives of their home environments to establish the validity of scores from the Behavior and Attitudes Questionnaire for Healthy Habits (BAQ-HH).DesignIn the present descriptive study, we surveyed a cross-sectional sample of parents of pre-school children. Questionnaire items developed in an iterative process with community-based programming addressed parents’ knowledge/awareness, attitudes/concerns and behaviours about healthy foods and physical activity habits with 6-point rating scales. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to psychometrically evaluate scores from the scales.SettingEnglish and Spanish versions of the BAQ-HH were administered at parent–teacher conferences for pre-school children at ten Head Start centres across a five-county agency in autumn 2010.SubjectsFrom 672 families with pre-school children, 532 parents provided responses to the BAQ-HH (79 % response rate). The majority was female (83 %), Hispanic (66 %) or white (16 %), and ages ranged from 20 to 39 years (85 %).ResultsExploratory and confirmatory analyses revealed a knowledge scale (seven items), an attitude scale (four items) and three behaviour subscales (three items each). Correlations were identified between parents’ perceptions of home activities and reports of children's habits. Differences were identified by gender and ethnicity groupings.ConclusionsAs a first step in psychometric testing, the dimensionality of each of the three scales (Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours) was identified and scale scores were related to other indicators of child behaviours and parents’ demographic characteristics. This questionnaire offers a method to measure parents’ views to inform planning and monitoring of obesity-prevention education programmes.
Effects ofMesua ferreaLeaf and Fruit Extracts on Growth and Morphology ofStaphylococcus aureus
Authors: Aruldass Claira Arul , Marimuthu Mani Maran , Ramanathan Surash , Mansor Sharif Mahsufi , Murugaiyah Vikneswaran 
Published: January 2013

AbstractMesua ferreais traditionally used for treating bleeding piles, fever, and renal diseases. It has been reported to have antimircobial activity. In the present study, antibacterial efficacy of leaf and fruit extracts on the growth and morphology ofStaphylococcus aureusis evaluated. Both extracts display good antibacterial activity againstS. aureuswith a minimum inhibition concentration of 0.048 mg/mL. Both extracts are bacteriostatic at a minimum bacteriostatic concentration of 0.39 mg/mL. The bacteriostatic activity lasts for 24 h, and then cells start to grow as normal as shown in time-kill analysis. Scanning electron microscopy study indicated potential detrimental effect of the extracts of leaf and fruits ofM. ferreaon the morphology ofS. aureus. The treatment with the extracts caused extensive lysis of the cells, leakage of intracellular constituents, and aggregation of cytoplasmic contents forming an open meshwork of the matrix.
Restless legs syndrome induced by quetiapine: report of seven cases and review of the literature
Authors: Rittmannsberger Hans , Werl Regina 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
We report on seven cases of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients treated with quetiapine. Small doses (50–250 mg at bedtime) provoked RLS in a dose-dependent way. Most patients suffered from an affective disorder and all were treated concomitantly with antidepressants. A search of the literature revealed a further nine cases of RLS concerning quetiapine, also afflicting only patients with affective disorders. Quetiapine seems to carry a special risk for RLS in this sort of patient. Possible causes for this concurrence are discussed.
A goal-directed implementation of query answering for hybrid MKNF knowledge bases
Authors: GOMES ANA SOFIA , ALFERES JOSÉ JÚLIO , SWIFT TERRANCE 
Published: January 2013

AbstractOntologies and rules are usually loosely coupled in knowledge representation formalisms. In fact, ontologies use open-world reasoning, while the leading semantics for rules use non-monotonic, closed-world reasoning. One exception is the tightly coupled framework of Minimal Knowledge and Negation as Failure (MKNF), which allows statements about individuals to be jointly derived via entailment from ontology and inferences from rules. Nonetheless, the practical usefulness of MKNF has not always been clear, although recent work has formalized a general resolution-based method for querying MKNF when rules are taken to have the well-founded semantics, and the ontology is modeled by a general oracle. That work leaves open what algorithms should be used to relate the entailments of the ontology and the inferences of rules. In this paper we provide such algorithms, and describe the implementation of a query-driven system, CDF-Rules, for hybrid knowledge bases combining both (non-monotonic) rules under the well-founded semantics and a (monotonic) ontology, represented by the Coherent Description Framework Type-1 ($\mathcal{ALCQ}$) theory.
Reproductive Behavior and Success of Captive-Reared Chinook Salmon Spawning under Natural Conditions
Authors: Venditti David A. , James Chris A. , Kline Paul 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
In response to declining returns of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp., captive-rearing programs have emerged as one approach to maintain natural-origin stocks while mechanisms responsible for their decline are addressed. However, it remains unclear if observed differences in reproductive behavior between captive-origin (captive) and natural-origin (natural) Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha in laboratory experiments accurately predict reproductive success of captive salmon in the natural environment. Over a 4-year period, 859 natural Chinook Salmon juveniles were collected for full-term rearing in captivity. From these, we returned 247 maturing adults to their natal stream over 2 years, assessed trends in habitat use, monitored their courtship and spawning behaviors, and sampled their redds to determine if fertilized eggs were present. Habitat use followed a logical trend toward spawning areas as the season progressed. Captive fish were smaller and spawned later than did natural fish, but their size did not prevent females from constructing redds or prevent males from courting and fertilizing eggs. Captive fish were observed participating in 16 spawning events over two seasons. Captive and natural males displayed the same courtship behaviors, but natural males were more aggressive. Captive females selected redd sites similar to those of natural females and displayed digging behavior consistent with published observations. Eggs were collected from 22 of the 26 redds sampled, and survival to organogenesis was 68.3% in 2001 and 34.6% in 2002. The decline in 2002 was at least partially due to an apparent failure of females from brood year 1997 to produce viable eggs. We estimated captive fish contributed 19,000 eyed eggs to the population. If the 859 juveniles reared in captivity had been left in the stream, fewer than one adult would be expected to have returned. Growth, timing of spawning, and egg survival issues remain in captive fish, which illustrates a need to focus future research on improved culture techniques.
Received July 21, 2011; accepted October 26, 2012
Spatial Analysis of Community-OnsetStaphylococcus aureusBacteremia in Queensland, Australia
Authors: Marquess John , Hu Wenbiao , Nimmo Graeme R. , Clements Archie C. A. 
Published: January 2013

Objectives.TO investigate and describe the relationship between indigenous Australian populations, residential aged care services, and community-onsetStaphylococcus aureusbacteremia (SAB) among patients admitted to public hospitals in Queensland, Australia.Design.Ecological study.Methods.We used administrative healthcare data linked to microbiology results from patients with SAB admitted to Queensland public hospitals from 2005 through 2010 to identify community-onset infections. Data about indigenous Australian population and residential aged care services at the local government area level were obtained from the Queensland Office of Economic and Statistical Research. Associations between community-onset SAB and indigenous Australian population and residential aged care services were calculated using Poisson regression models in a Bayesian framework. Choropleth maps were used to describe the spatial patterns of SAB risk.Results.We observed a 21% increase in relative risk (RR) of bacteremia with methicillin-susceptibleS. aureus(MSSA; RR, 1.21 [95% credible interval, 1.15–1.26]) and a 24% increase in RR with nonmultiresistant methicillin-resistantS. aureus(nmMRSA; RR, 1.24 [95% credible interval, 1.13–1.34]) with a 10% increase in the indigenous Australian population proportion. There was no significant association between RR of SAB and the number of residential aged care services. Areas with the highest RR for nmMRSA and MSSA bacteremia were identified in the northern and western regions of Queensland.Conclusions.The RR of community-onset SAB varied spatially across Queensland. There was increased RR of community-onset SAB with nmMRSA and MSSA in areas of Queensland with increased indigenous population proportions. Additional research should be undertaken to understand other factors that increase the risk of infection due to this organism.
Modified World Health Organization Hand Rub Formulations Comply with European Efficacy Requirements for Preoperative Surgical Hand Preparations
Authors: Suchomel Miranda , Kundi Michael , Pittet Didier , Rotter Manfred L. 
Published: January 2013

Background.The World Health Organization (WHO) has published “Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care” recommending 2 hand rub formulations based on 80% vol/vol ethanol or 75% vol/vol isopropanol for local production in healthcare settings where commercial products are not available or are too expensive. Previous investigations have shown that neither formulation meets the efficacy requirements of European norm (EN) 12791, which is the most stringent available norm for surgical hand rub preparations. Even when modified with approximately 5% higher alcohol content, the formulations proved to be inferior to the reference of the norm when measured after 3 hours.Objective.Because the high glycerol content of the formulations was suspected to negatively influence their efficacy, additional investigations were performed with varying glycerol content.Methods.Modified formulations with higher alcohol concentration (mass instead of volume percentage) and lower glycerol concentration (0.725% instead of 1.45%) or without the addition of glycerol were evaluated for their conformity with the efficacy requirements of EN 12791, which demands noninferiority in comparison with a reference hand antisepsis procedure immediately and 3 hours after treatment on volunteers’ hands.Design.Randomized Latin-square design.Setting.Microbiology laboratory of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.Participants.Twenty-five healthy volunteers.Results.Reducing the concentration of glycerol or omitting it completely rendered both WHO formulations noninferior to the reference, both immediately and 3 hours after surgical hand antisepsis.Conclusions.Both WHO-recommended formulations meet the efficacy requirements of EN 12791 by increasing their alcohol concentrations by 5%, prolonging their application to 5 minutes and reducing the glycerol concentration to 0.725%.
Prophylactic and Antinociceptive Effects of Coenzyme Q10 on Diabetic Neuropathic Pain in a Mouse Model of Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Zhang Yan Ping , Eber Ariel , Yuan Yue , Yang Zhe , Rodriguez Yiliam , Levitt Roy C. , Takacs Peter , Candiotti Keith A. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background:
Oxidative stress is a key factor implicated in the development of diabetic neuropathy. This study evaluates the prophylactic and antinociceptive effects of the antioxidant coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on diabetes-induced neuropathic pain in a diabetic mouse model.

Methods:
Total 56 mice with type 1 diabetes induced by streptozotocin were used, 20 normal mice were used as control. Mechanical and thermal nociceptive behavioral assays were applied to evaluate diabetic neuropathic pain. Tissue lipid peroxidation, immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription, and polymerase chain reaction were used to evaluate the molecular mechanisms of CoQ10. Data are presented as mean ± SEM.

Results:
CoQ10 administration was associated with reduced loss of body weight compared with nontreated diabetic mice, without affecting blood glucose levels. Low dose and long-term administration of CoQ10 prevented the development of neuropathic pain. Treatment with CoQ10 produced a significant dose-dependent inhibition of mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in diabetic mice. Dorsal root ganglia, sciatic nerve, and spinal cord tissues from diabetic mice demonstrated increased lipid peroxidation that was reduced by CoQ10 treatment. CoQ10 administration was also noted to reduce the proinflammatory factors in the peripheral and central nervous system.

Conclusions:
The results of this study support the hypothesis that hyperglycemia induced neuronal oxidative damage and reactive inflammation may be pathogenic in diabetic neuropathic pain. CoQ10 may be protective by inhibiting oxidative stress and reducing inflammation by down-regulating proinflammatory factors. These results suggest that CoQ10 administration may represent a low-risk, high-reward strategy for preventing or treating diabetic neuropathy.
Pulmonary Shunt Is Independent of Decrease in Cardiac Output during Unsupported Spontaneous Breathing in the Pig
Authors: Vimlati Laszlo , Larsson Anders , Hedenstierna Goran , Lichtwarck-Aschoff Michael 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background:
During mechanical ventilation (MV), pulmonary shunt is cardiac output (CO) dependent; however, whether this relationship is valid during unsupported spontaneous breathing (SB) is unknown. The CO dependency of the calculated venous admixture was investigated, with both minor and major shunt, during unsupported SB, MV, and SB with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).

Methods:
In seven anesthetized supine piglets breathing 100% oxygen, unsupported SB, MV (with tidal volume and respiratory rate corresponding to SB), and 8 cm H2O CPAP (airway pressure corresponding to MV) were applied at random. Venous return and CO were reduced by partial balloon occlusion of the inferior vena cava. Measurements were repeated with the left main bronchus blocked, creating a nonrecruitable pulmonary shunt.

Results:
CO decreased from 4.2 l/min (95% CI, 3.9–4.5) to 2.5 l/min (95% CI, 2.2–2.7) with partially occluded venous return. Irrespective of whether shunt was minor or major, during unsupported SB, venous admixture was independent of CO (slope: minor shunt, 0.5; major shunt, 1.1%·min−1·l−1) and mixed venous oxygen tension. During both MV and CPAP, venous admixture was dependent on CO (slope MV: minor shunt, 1.9; major shunt, 3.5; CPAP: minor shunt, 1.3; major shunt, 2.9%·min−1·l−1) and mixed-venous oxygen tension (coefficient of determination 0.61–0.86 for all regressions).

Conclusions:
In contrast to MV and CPAP, venous admixture was independent of CO during unsupported SB, and was unaffected by mixed-venous oxygen tension, casting doubt on the role of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in pulmonary blood flow redistribution during unsupported SB.
Natural Variation of Arabidopsis Root Architecture Reveals Complementing Adaptive Strategies to Potassium Starvation
Authors: Kellermeier Fabian , Chardon Fabien , Amtmann Anna 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Root architecture is a highly plastic and environmentally responsive trait that enables plants to counteract nutrient scarcities with different foraging strategies. In potassium (K) deficiency (low K), seedlings of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) reference accession Columbia (Col-0) show a strong reduction of lateral root elongation. To date, it is not clear whether this is a direct consequence of the lack of K as an osmoticum or a triggered response to maintain the growth of other organs under limiting conditions. In this study, we made use of natural variation within Arabidopsis to look for novel root architectural responses to low K. A comprehensive set of 14 differentially responding root parameters were quantified in K-starved and K-replete plants. We identified a phenotypic gradient that links two extreme strategies of morphological adaptation to low K arising from a major tradeoff between main root (MR) and lateral root elongation. Accessions adopting strategy I (e.g. Col-0) maintained MR growth but compromised lateral root elongation, whereas strategy II genotypes (e.g. Catania-1) arrested MR elongation in favor of lateral branching. K resupply and histochemical staining resolved the temporal and spatial patterns of these responses. Quantitative trait locus analysis of K-dependent root architectures within a Col-0 × Catania-1 recombinant inbred line population identified several loci each of which determined a particular subset of root architectural parameters. Our results indicate the existence of genomic hubs in the coordinated control of root growth in stress conditions and provide resources to facilitate the identification of the underlying genes.