bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ankyloglossia (n. Tongue-tie) ',Insect, multiple, trunk, word, form tongue-tie, worm, maggot, repeat, negate, monstrous, branch, causation, compress, shape, shift, site, sense, will, agency, society, adapt, cellular, function, fear, pile, sort, cold, cold, reconfigure, joint, test, abstract, formulate, reconfigure, dysfunction, perspective, darkness, convergence, interconnected, relation, articulate, mechanism, define, categorize, topple, no matter, twig, repeat, stone, sand, whistle, wind, drop, dribble, pour, maker, bridge, instruct, set, upon, inside, diagram, gesticulate, perspective, forgotten, certainty, undoing'.
Authors: Howes Emma Waltraud 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Ankyloglossia manifests as multiple systems of categorization. A series of films, 'Systems for: Base, curl, foot, free, out, pile, shake, stack', focus solely on a thigh, calve, an arm and three fingers. These fractions are piled and sorted, at times functioning as distinct and separate characters, and in others emphasized as a whole. They fold into one another to allude to the Exquisite Corpses of the Surrealists, or Donna Haraway's 'Many-Headed Monsters'. A series of text collages are arranged by the order in which the physiological, philosophical and psychological words were removed from the original source, The Myth of Sisyphus, Albert Camus (1956). The texts are arranged in entomological boxes, each word separated by an individual entomology pin. A series of photographs are adorned with digitally printed limbs, and presented alongside Raku-fired limbs in Petri-dishes, a collection of parts arranged on tabletops as evidence of an absurd research.
Doors Open, Doors Closed
Authors: von Stenglin Franziska 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The elevator doors opened. Three security guards stood on the other side of the spacious hall awaiting them. She followed the young man, the three guards in turn followed her. They went through various small conference rooms, named after opera's: Aida, Lohengrin, Don Giovanni. She wondered whether there was one called Cosi fan Tutte/Thus do they all.
Potential applications of curcumin and curcumin nanoparticles: from traditional therapeutics to modern nanomedicine
Authors: Rai Mahendra , Pandit Raksha , Gaikwad Swapnil , Yadav Alka , Gade Aniket 
Published: February 2015

AbstractCurcumin (diferuloylmethane) is one of the potent, non-toxic and major bioactive components present in turmeric. Major drawbacks of curcumin are low absorption and poor bioavailability. The present review highlights on methods for the fabrication of curcumin nanoparticles and their applications in treatment of cancer and wound infections. Curcumin nanoparticles possess remarkable antibacterial, antiviral and anti-protozoan activity. Hence, curcumin nanoparticles loaded nano-gel, microemulsion and nano-cream can be used for drug delivery.
A mixture-of-modelers approach to forecasting NCAA tournament outcomes
Authors: Yuan Lo-Hua , Liu Anthony , Yeh Alec , Kaufman Aaron , Reece Andrew , Bull Peter , Franks Alex , Wang Sherrie , Illushin Dmitri , Bornn Luke 
Published: February 2015

AbstractPredicting the outcome of a single sporting event is difficult; predicting all of the outcomes for an entire tournament is a monumental challenge. Despite the difficulties, millions of people compete each year to forecast the outcome of the NCAA men’s basketball tournament, which spans 63 games over 3 weeks. Statistical prediction of game outcomes involves a multitude of possible covariates and information sources, large performance variations from game to game, and a scarcity of detailed historical data. In this paper, we present the results of a team of modelers working together to forecast the 2014 NCAA men’s basketball tournament. We present not only the methods and data used, but also several novel ideas for post-processing statistical forecasts and decontaminating data sources. In particular, we highlight the difficulties in using publicly available data and suggest techniques for improving their relevance.
Crystal growth, characterization and dielectric studies of silica gel-grown polydistrontiumdimalate pentahydrate: a 2D porous metal-organic framework
Authors: Nair Remya M. , Siji Vijayamohanadas L. , Dhanya Velappan Nair S. , Roy Sunalya M. , Sudarsanakumar Maliyeckal R. , Suma Subhadra , Ng Seik Weng , Kurup Maliyeckal R. Prathapachandra 
Published: February 2015

AbstractGood-quality single crystals of polydistrontiumdimalatepentahydrate, a two-dimensional porous metal-organic framework, were successively grown by gel diffusion technique. Sodium metasilicate was used for gel preparation. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses showed that the compound crystallizes in triclinic space group P-1. The functional groups present in the crystals were identified by Fourier transform-infrared analysis. Elemental, powder X-ray diffraction and UV-visible spectral analyses of the compound were also performed. Thermal stability of the grown crystals was analyzed by thermogravimetry. Dielectric analyses of the title compound were conducted at room temperature in the frequency range of 400 Hz–4 MHz.
Röntgen-Topographische Untersuchungen am Lithiumformiat-Monohydrat
Authors: Klapper H. 
Published: February 2015

The defect structures of large single crystals of lithium formate monohydrate. HCOOLi · H2O (space group Pbn21), have been examined by X-ray topography. Two types of planar defects occur: a) Twin boundaries and twin lamellae parallel to (100). The twinning is produced by a rotation of 180° around the axis [100]. b) Defect planes parallel to (010), which could not fully be characterized.
The crystals contain grown-in dislocation lines with Burgers vectors parallel to [100], [010], [001], 〈110〉, and probably also parallel to 〈011〉 and 〈012〉. Many of these lines have moved after crystal growth. Bundles of essentially straight dislocation lines with distinct but not always sharply defined preferred directions occur. These directions are in reasonable agreement with directions calculated by minimizing the elastic dislocation energy per unit growth length. Furthermore, dislocation half loops with a Burgers vector [001] produced by plastic deformation have been observed. Some relations between the relative growth velocities of two neighbouring growth faces and the geometry of the corresponding growth-sector boundary are discussed.
Frequencies and Temperature-Effects in the Vibrational Spectra of the Metal-Hydrate Complexes in NiSnCl6 · 6 aqu and in NiSO4 · 6 aqu
Authors: Jäger J. , Schaack G. 
Published: February 2015

We have investigated the internal vibrations of metal hydrate complexes in ionic single crystals and their interactions with the phonon system of the lattice, by observing the Raman spectra and infrared reflection spectra with polarized light at different temperatures T(2 K ≦ T ≦ 300 K). As special systems the octahedral nickel hydrate complexes in NiSnCl6 · 6 H2O, NiSnCl6·6 D2O and in NiSO4 · 6H2O. NiSO4 · 6D2O have been chosen. For NiSnCl6·6 aqu a complete interpretation of the spectra is given, starting from the assumption of isolated metal hydrate complexes and SnCl6
-- -ions as structural units. The discussion of the spectra of the sulfate crystal is based on the corresponding assumption. However, here an unambiguous assignment of all lines observed was not possible.
The most prominent feature of all spectra is the strong temperature dependence of the line widths which is much more pronounced than in anhydrous crystals in the same temperature interval. This effect is qualitatively explained in terms of the anharmonicity of the potential by which the water molecules are bound in the crystal lattice. Simple models for this potential are discussed.
Theoretische Behandlung flüssiger Mischungen mit Hilfe von Gleichgewichtsmodellen/
Authors: Becker F. , Kiefer M. , Koukol H. , Rhensius P. , Schäfer H. D. 
Published: February 2015

This paper contains further applications on symmetrical liquid mixtures of the molecular thermodynamic theory which has been developped in part I of this series. The essential feature of this theory is the superposition of "chemical" and “random” exchange equilibria between “complexes” formed by a given molecule and its z nearest neighbours, thus allowing a unified treatment of the thermodynamic phenomena in binary liquid mixtures using the equilibrium constant K of the ideal law of mass action and the energy w of pair interactions as parameters.
The temperature and pressure dependences of K and the evaluation of experimental excess enthalpy and excess volume data are treated. Formulas and examples for the calculation of K and w from isothermal and non-isothermal vapour-liquid equilibrium data are given. The conditions for azeotropy with minimum or maximum vapour pressure, resp., are derived. Melting curves for a symmetric eutectic system with superposed miscibility gap are discussed. Further models for partially miscible liquids with competing self-association and complex-formation are treated showing the phenomenon of two separated miscibility gaps.
On the Behaviour of Rarefied Polyatomic Gases in a Static Magnetic Field
Authors: Vestner H. 
Published: February 2015

The behaviour of rarefied polyatomic gases is described by transport relaxation equations obtained from the Waldmann-Snider equation and by an appropriate set of boundary conditions which are derived from the interfacial entropy production. The influence of the magnetic field on the transport properties of the gas is due to the coupling of the tensor polarization and the tensor polarization flux with the frictional pressure tensor and the heat fluxes respectively. As an application the flow and the heat conduction of a gas between parallel plates in the presence of a magnetic field are treated, and from this two major results are obtained:
(a) Knudsen corrections for the Senftleben-Beenakker effect of viscosity,
(b) a theory of the thermomagnetic pressure difference.
A comparison with experimental data of Hulsman e. a. and Hermans e. a. yields boundary coefficients which describe both phenomena rather well for the gases HD, CH4 , CO and N2.
Abschätzung der Lebensdauer des 667,0 keV-Zustandes in 131Xe / Lifetime-Estimation of the 667.0 keV-Level in 131Xe
Authors: Engel H. , Gerst E. , Schneider H. 
Published: February 2015

Delayed β - γ -coincidence measurements of the 667.0 keV- level in 131Xe populated by the decay of 131I were carried out with a Plastic-Ge (Li)-detector-combination and resulted in the following value:
T½ of 667.0 keV-level in 131Xe < 0.5 ns.
Massenspektrometrische Untersuchungen über die neutralen Teilchen im negativen Glimmlicht einer zylindrischen Hohlkathoden-Entladung in N2 / Mass spectrometric study of the neutral particles in the negative glow of a cylindrical hollow cathode discharge in N2
Authors: Märk Tilmann D. 
Published: February 2015

Detailed studies have been made of the number densities of the neutral constituents of the negative glow of a hollow cathode discharge (with currents up to 120 mA) produced in N2 at various pressures (0.2 <C p0 < 2.0 Torr).
The dissociation degree XN of N2 in the presence of the discharge was determined as a function of gas pressure p0 and discharge current Id and from these data an empirical expression was derived XN p0 = C Id , with C = 7.6·1014 particles cm-3
·A-1. Using this result a value of the density [es] of the fast electrons present in the negative glow as a function of discharge current was calculated to [es] = 5.9·107 Id. Also an estimated reaction rate constant was obtained for the fast bimolecular process N + NO→N2+0 (3.3·10-11 cm3s-1).
Relative ionization efficiency curves at mass 28 and mass 14 in the presence and absence of the discharge yielded values of the ionization and appearance potential for N2+e→N2
++2e (15.55 ± 0.1 eV), N2+e→N++N+2e (23.65±0.2 eV) and N+e→N++2e (14.35 ± 0.4 eV).
Zur näherungsweisen Berechnung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit eines Plasmas
Authors: Schirmer H. , Stober I. 
Published: February 2015

In order to calculate the electrical conductivity of a plasma an approximate formula has been derived which is based on an improvement of the expression corresponding to a Lorentzian gas. The deviation from the exact solution (which is based on the Boltzmann equation of a plasma) is in most cases lower than 5% and will exceed this deviation only in exceptional cases.
The calculations have been performed for xenon and neon.
On the Correlation Factor for Diffusion in the f.c.c- and NaCl-Structure
Authors: Abels A. E. P. M. , Bakker H. 
Published: February 2015

The correlation factor for impurity diffusion in the f.c.c.-structure by means of a vacancy mechanism is calculated as a function of nine distinct vacancy-atom exchange rates.
Furthermore an expression is derived for the correlation factor for diffusion of aliovalent impurities in the NaCl-structure including an electrostatic impurity-vacancy interaction.
Search for a Primary Isotopic Effect on the Magnetic Shielding of the Rubidium and Cadmium Isotopes
Authors: Krüger H. , Lutz O. , Nolle A. , Schwenk A. , Stricker G. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The ratios of the gI-factors of 85Rb and 87Rb and of 111Cd and 113Cd have been measured in aqueous solutions of salts by the NMR method with high accuracy. A comparison with the same ratios measured by optical pumping techniques in free atoms shows agreement within the limits of error of 2.3 · 10-6 in the case of rubidium and of 3 · 10-7 in the case of cadmium: No difference in the magnetic shielding between the isotopes is observable.
Berichte:Some Topicsinthe Theory and Applications of the Optical Model
Authors: Bertero M. , Passatore G. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In some recent works a dispersion relation proposed by Feshbach for the generalized optical potential has been used in order to analyse the energy dependence of the strength of the empirical optical potential. In the first part of this report the mathematical problems arising in the derivation of the dispersion relation and the results obtained in this direction are discussed; in the second part the approximations introduced in the application of the dispersion relation are analysed and the results concerning the non-locality of the generalized optical potential are reviewed.
Field Induced Ion Molecule Reactions in Adsorbed Layers Studied by Pulsed Field Desorption
Authors: Röllgen F. W. , Beckey H. D. 
Published: February 2015

The formation of ions under field ionization conditions is partly due to ion molecule reactions in adsorbed layers on the emitter surface. In order to study these reactions a pulsed field desorption (PFD) technique was applied, by which ions resulting from these reactions are detected with high relative intensity. The PFD-mass spectra of some small organic molecules are discussed with respect to the principal reaction mechanisms and types of ions formed.
It was found that if reactions involving chemical interaction with the surface are left out of consideration only proton transfer reactions are the primary processes. Desorption products resulting from proton transfer reactions are, for example, (M+H)+, (2M+H)+, (3M+H)+, (M+CH3)+ and (2M)+ ions in the case of methanol. The formation of complexes preceeding atom rearrangement reactions are suppressed by the high electric field and consequently could not be detected. Secondary reactions of the (M-H)•-radical lead to the elimination of H- from molecules and in certain cases to the formation of addition complexes.
Field induced reactions were found to occur almost adiabatically, i.e. it is not necessary to supply the ionization potential of the proton donor in a proton transfer reaction. Products of reactions with ionization energies above the ionization potential of the molecules involved in the reaction are not observable. To a first approximation the electron transition probability for field reactions seems to be dependent on the energy of formation of the ions and not on the type of reaction.
Metastabile Deformationen in nematischen flüssigen Kristallen / Metastable Deformations in Nematic Liquid Crystals
Authors: Heppke G. , Schneider F. 
Published: February 2015

The magnetic field induced elastic deformations of nematic liquid crystals are studied theoretically. In accordance with the theory of Dafermos, two types of elastic deformations are predicted which differ in energy. The properties of the metastable deformations are discussed in detail.
Experimental studies have been performed on MBBA using electrical conductivity measurements. Metastable deformations are obtained after rotating the direction of the magnetic field by more than 90° with respect to the direction of the homeotropically aligned sample. The observed conductivity values are in good agreement with theory.
Tunnelspektroskopie an dünnsten supraleitenden Aluminium-, Indium- und Bleischichten / Superconducting Tunneling into Ultrathin Aluminum, Indium and Lead Films
Authors: Sixl H. , Gromer J. , Wolf H. C. 
Published: February 2015

We report about tunneling experiments on extremely thin superconductors with barriers of aluminium- oxide and in addition silicon-monoxide or naphthalene, all condensed at 4.2 °K. The tunneling spectra of aluminium, indium and lead films show a large tunneling anomaly at a film thickness just above the critical thickness for conductivity and superconductivity: in the low bias range (between 2 and 5 mV) the tunneling resistivity dU/dI is increased by about 20 to 30 per cent with respect to the corresponding resistance of thicker films. This anomaly disappears when the film thickness is increased by 30 to 40 Å. Two models are presented, which can explain the tunneling anomaly by the quantum size effect in the very thinnest films of either the phonon states or the electronic states.
The energy gaps and the transition temperatures of the superconductors show a marked dependence on the film thickness between the critical film thickness and 300 Å, dependent on both, the superconductor itself and on the substrate, naphthalene or silicon-monoxide. This dependence can be described completely by the altered electron-phonon coupling at the film surfaces and by size quantization of the electronic states.
Trimethylsilylcyanid
Authors: Dakkouri Marwan , Oberhammer Heinz 
Published: February 2015

The gas-phase molecular structure of (CH3)3SiCN was determined by means of electron diffraction. The structural parameters are found to be:
ra (Si-C≡) = 1.844±0.022 Å, ra (C ≡ N) = 1.170±0.007 Å, ra (Si - Cm) = 1.871 ± 0 .008 Å, ra (C-H ) = 1.111 ±0,009 Å, (∡ Cm- Si -C = ) = 107.0° ± 1.5 ° and (∡ Si - C - H ) = 110.4° ± 1.5°. The mole fraction of Isocyanide at 45 °C nozzle temperature was estimated to be smaller than 2%
Polaron Conduction and Optical Absorption of Amorphous Selenium Films
Authors: Ela A. H. Abou El 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The temperature dependence of electrical conductivity in amorphous selenium films is investigated. The experimental results show a polaronic conduction in the states near the Fermi level, in agreement with Mott’s model. Optical absorption measurements show the rate at which the valence band states fall off with energy into the energy gap.
Diffusionsuntersuchungen im System Cu-Ga
Authors: Wilhelm M. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
For temperatures between 500 °C and 700 °C concentration profiles of diffusion layers have been investigated in couples containing copper and a copper-gallium-alloy with varying composition by means of quantitative electron-probe-microanalysis. From these profiles values have been derived for the growth constants k and the activation energies Q̅ controlling growth of the diffusion zone, and for diffusion coefficients D and activation energies Q of the chemical diffusion as well as for the intrinsic diffusivities DGa and DCu .
Einfluß der Thermodiffusion auf die chemischen Transportvorgänge in Halogenglühlampen
Authors: Neumann Gerhard M. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The influence of thermodiffusion on bulb-blackening in tubular halogen incandescent lamps has been investigated experimentally for additions of methylenebromide, bromoforme or bromophosphornitrile to argon, krypton and xenon as filling gas. A strong dependence of blackening on the kind of the filling gas has been found. The influence of thermodiffusion on chemical transport may be interpreted in terms of the thermal diffusion coefficient a, which has been calculated according to Hirschfelder. Using higher concentrations of halogen, blackening of the bulb can be prevented, independent of the nature of the filling gas.
An Approximate Treatment of the 1s Hartree Fock Energies in Molecules
Authors: Shanshal Muthana 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
It is found on the basis of Hartree Fock calculations that the inner shell molecular orbitals of compounds that are composed of elements of the first two rows of the periodic table, are described satisfactorily by the corresponding Is atomic orbitals. Such molecular orbitals (MOs) may be substituted in a good approximation by the Is atomic orbitals (AOs). The energy of the localized MOs varies according to the type of bonding in which the atom is participating. The factors influencing the energy values may be classified in two parts; 1) the interaction with the other Is atomic orbitals and nuclii in the molecule, 2) the interaction with the valence shell electrons. Neglecting the correlation effects, both factors are considered by the calculation of the Is orbital energies. The results are compared with ab-Initio calculations done for the same molecules.
O n an Ionic Approximation to Chemical Bonding
Authors: Hooydonk G. Van 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
It is shown how previously reported bond energy equations (Van Hooydonk, 1973) can be regenerated starting from the assumptions (i) that the valence-orbital energy of an element in a bond can be expressed as a function of its occupancy number (Iczkowski-Margrave, 1961) and (ii) that the potential around an atom in a bond vanishes as soon as its valence orbital is doubly occupied (Ferreira, 1963). The results are consistent with an ionic approximation to chemical bonding. A comparison of the approximations involved in the present theory with those in a semi-empirical LCAO -MO method (Klopman, 1964) is advanced.
Der Zeeman-Effekt im Rotationsspektrum von Orthodifluorbenzol
Authors: Sutter Dieter H. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The linear and quadratic rotational Zeeman effect in orthodifluorobenzene has been observed in magnetic fields up to 25 kG. The magnetic susceptibility anisotropies are χaa- (χbb -χcc)/2 = (25.4 ± 0.8)* 10-6 erg/(G2 * mole) and χbb - (χcc - χaa)/2 = (29.0±0.5)* 10-6 erg/ (G2 * mole) ; (the c-axis is perpendicular to the molecular plane and the a-axis coincides with the twofold symmetry axis of the molecule); the molecular ^-values are gaa= -0.0412 ± 0.00'I2, gbb=0.0371± 0.0008 and gcc= +0.0163 ±0.0007. A comparison of ⊿χ = χcc- (χaa + χbb)/2 with the corresponding values of related compounds, part of which were determined by the Cotton-Mouton technique, indicates that the effect of the magnetic field on the electric polarizability of benzene - like molecules is in the order of - 1 * 10-39 cm3/G2 and should be accounted for in the evaluation of Cotton- Mouton data.
Torsions-Vibrations-Rotations-Wechselwirkung im Mikrowellenspektrum von Methylthiocyanat
Authors: Andresen U. , Dreizier H. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The microwave spectrum of methylthiocyanate is reinvestigated on the basis of a molecular model with five degrees of freedom, three for the overall rotation, one for the torsion and one for another vibration. It was possible to fit the splittings of all four measured states (ground state, first excited torsional and vibrational state and second excited vibrational state) with one set of parameters but it was impossible to fit the absolute line frequencies. The value for the potential parameter of the pure torsion V3 is in good agreement with that determined on the basis of the rigid framerigid top (RF-RT) model from the ground state.