bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutrients and bioactive compounds content of Baillonella toxisperma, Trichoscypha abut and Pentaclethra macrophylla from Cameroon
Authors: Fungo Robert , Muyonga John , Kaaya Archileo , Okia Clement , Tieguhong Juius C. , Baidu‐Forson Jojo J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBaillonella toxisperma, Pentaclethra macrophylla and Trichoscypha abut are important foods for communities living around forests in Cameroon. Information on the nutritional value and bioactive content of these foods is required to establish their contribution to the nutrition and health of the communities. Samples of the three foods were obtained from four villages in east and three villages in south Cameroon. The foods were analyzed for proximate composition, minerals and bioactive content using standard chemical analysis methods. T. abut was found to be an excellent source of bioactive compounds; flavonoids (306 mg/100 g), polyphenols (947 mg/100 g), proanthocyanins (61.2 mg/100 g), vitamin C (80.05 mg/100 g), and total oxalates (0.6 mg/100 g). P. macrophylla was found to be a rich source of total fat (38.71%), protein (15.82%) and total fiber (17.10%) and some bioactive compounds; vitamin E (19.4 mg/100 g) and proanthocyanins (65.0 mg/100 g). B. toxisperma, was found to have high content of carbohydrates (89.6%), potassium (27.5 mg/100 g) and calcium (37.5 mg/100 g). Flavonoids, polyphenols, vitamins C and E are the main bioactive compounds in these forest foods. The daily consumption of some of these fruits may coffer protection against some ailments and oxidative stress. Approximately 200 g of either B. toxisperma or P. macrophylla, can supply 100% iron and zinc RDAs for children aged 1–3 years, while 300 g of the two forest foods can supply about 85% iron and zinc RDAs for non‐pregnant non‐lactating women. The three foods provide 100% daily vitamins C and E requirements for both adults and children. The results of this study show that Baillonella toxisperma, Pentaclethra macrophylla and Trichoscypha abut can considerably contribute towards the human nutrient requirements. These forest foods also contain substantial levels of health promoting phytochemicals notably flavonoids, polyphenols, vitamins C and E. These foods therefore have potential to promote nutrition and health, especially among forest dependent communities who consume them in substantial amounts.
Detection rate of 99mTc‐MIBI single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT in preoperative planning for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Treglia Giorgio , Sadeghi Ramin , Schalin–Jäntti Camilla , Caldarella Carmelo , Ceriani Luca , Giovanella Luca , Eisele David W. 
Published: March 2015

abstractBackgroundParathyroid scintigraphy using 99mTc‐MIBI single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT has been proposed as one of the most accurate localization techniques in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). The purpose of this review was to meta‐analyze published data on the detection rate of 99mTc‐MIBI SPECT/CT in the preoperative planning of patients with PHPT.MethodsA comprehensive literature search of studies published through June 2014 was performed. The pooled detection rate of this scintigraphic method including 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) was calculated on a per patient‐based and on a per lesion‐based analysis by using a random effects model.ResultsTwenty‐three articles including 1236 patients with PHPT were selected. The pooled detection rate of 99mTc‐MIBI SPECT/CT in the preoperative planning of patients with PHPT was 88% (95% CI = 84% to 92%) and 88% (95% CI = 82% to 92%) on a per patient‐based and per lesion‐based analysis, respectively.ConclusionThe 99mTc‐MIBI SPECT/CT has high detection rate for hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands in patients with PHPT. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E2159–E2172, 2016
Progesterone Inhibits Endothelial Cell Migration Through Suppression of the Rho Activity Mediated by cSrc Activation
Authors: Lee Tong‐Sheng , Lin Jhen‐Jhe , Huo Yen‐Nien , Lee Wen‐Sen 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTWe previously showed that progesterone (P4) could inhibit the proliferation of human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVECs) through the p53‐dependent pathway. In the present study, we further demonstrated that P4 at physiologic levels (5–500 nM) concentration‐dependently inhibited migration of HUVECs. This effect was blocked by pre‐treatment with the P4 receptor (PR) agonist‐antagonist, RU486, suggesting that the P4‐induced migration inhibition in HUVECs was through the PR‐mediated signaling pathway. Western blot analyses demonstrated that the levels of RhoA and Rac‐1 protein were reduced in the P4‐treated HUVECs. P4 also inhibited the membrane translocation of RhoA and Rac‐1 protein. Moreover, the P4‐induced migration inhibition in HUVECs was prevented by over‐expression of the constitutively active RhoA construct (RhoA V14). However, pre‐treatment with the ROCK (a kinase associated with RhoA for transducing RhoA signaling) inhibitor, Y27632, abolished the over‐expression of RhoA‐induced prevention effect on the P4‐induced migration inhibition in HUVECs. These data suggest that the inhibition of Rho GTPases might account for the P4‐induced migration inhibition of HUVECs. Pre‐treatment with the cSrc inhibitor, PP2, prevented the P4‐induced migration inhibition in HUVEC. The levels of phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and paxillin protein were also decreased by P4 treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that suppression of the Rho‐mediated pathway might be involved in the signal transduction leading to the inhibition of cell migration caused by P4 in HUVECs. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1411–1418, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Region sampling for robust and rapid autofocus in microscope
Authors: Gu Chao‐Chen , Wu Kai‐Jie , Hu Jie , Hao Cheng , Guan Xin‐Ping 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a region sampling based autofocus method for rapid and robust autofocus in microscope. Image content and region size are considered in region sampling criteria. An intelligent search algorithm which employs quartering hill climbing search and golden section search is developed, in which rule‐based evaluation of sampled focusing regions is applied. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can significantly improve the performance of image‐based autofocus. Microsc. Res. Tech. 78:382–390, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact of axillary ultrasound (AUS) on axillary dissection in breast conserving surgery (BCS)
Authors: Reyna Chantal , Kiluk John V. , Frelick Anne , Khakpour Nazanin , Laronga Christine , Lee Marie Catherine 
Published: March 2015

Background and ObjectivesPreoperative axillary ultrasound (AUS) in clinically node‐negative patients may increase axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in ACoSOG Z0011‐eligible patients. We hypothesize that AUS identifies operative axillary disease (>3 positive nodes) in women undergoing breast conserving surgery (BCS).MethodsAfter IRB approval, a retrospective review of female breast cancer patients was performed; patients with clinical T1/T2 tumors undergoing BCS were included. Clinical, radiologic, and pathologic data were collected.ResultsOf 139 eligible subjects, 119/139 (86%) had nonpalpable axillary nodes. 47/119 patients (40%) had abnormal AUS and 15/47 (32%) had a positive FNA. Fourteen had ALND ;10/14 (71%) had >3 positive nodes. 6/32 (18%) with abnormal AUS but FNA negative were sentinel lymph node (SLN) positive. Of 72 normal AUS, 15 (22%) were SLN positive; 9/15 (60%) had ALND; 1 (11%) had >3 positive nodes. When evaluating for >3 positive nodes, AUS plus FNA had a sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 95%, NPV of 99%, and PPV of 71%.ConclusionsAUS/FNA has a high NPV for axillary metastasis and remarkable sensitivity for three or more positive axillary nodes, therefore AUS‐identified metastasis should be treated as clinically node‐positive disease, and is appropriate even in patients planning breast conserving surgery. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:813–818. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of a method for the simultaneous quantification of N‐nitrosamines in water samples based on stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography and diode array detection
Authors: Talebpour Zahra , Rostami Simindokht , Rezadoost Hassan 
Published: March 2015

A simple, sensitive, and reliable procedure based on stir bar sorptive extraction coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography was applied to simultaneously extract and determine three semipolar nitrosamines including N‐nitrosodibutylamine, N‐nitrosodiphenylamine, and N‐nitrosodicyclohexylamine. To achieve the optimum conditions, the effective parameters on the extraction efficiency including desorption solvent and time, ionic strength of sample, extraction time, and sample volume were systematically investigated. The optimized extraction procedure was carried out by stir bars coated with polydimethylsiloxane. Under optimum extraction conditions, the performance of the proposed method was studied. The linear dynamic range was obtained in the range of 0.95–1000 ng/mL (r = 0.9995), 0.26–1000 ng/mL (r = 0.9988) and both 0.32–100 ng/mL (r = 0.9999) and 100–1000 ng/mL (r = 0.9998) with limits of detection of 0.28, 0.08, and 0.09 ng/mL for N‐nitrosodibutylamine, N‐nitrosodiphenylamine, and N‐nitrosodicyclohexylamine, respectively. The average recoveries were obtained >81%, and the reproducibility of the proposed method presented as intra‐ and interday precision were also found with a relative standard deviation <6%. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of trace amounts of selected nitrosamines in various water and wastewater samples and the obtained results were confirmed using mass spectrometry.
Diversity and spatial distribution of autotrophic communities within and between ice‐covered Antarctic lakes (McMurdo Dry Valleys)
Authors: Dolhi Jenna M. , Teufel Amber G. , Kong Weidong , Morgan‐Kiss Rachael M. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe compared the spatial distribution and diversity of autotrophic microbial communities among four permanently ice‐covered, chemically stratified lakes located in the Taylor (Lakes Bonney‐east and west lobes, Fryxell), and Wright (Lake Vanda) Valleys of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (Victoria Land, Antarctica). Clone libraries were constructed for major carbon fixation genes (rbcL isoforms IA/B and ID; cbbM; nifJ). Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays were also developed for each of these markers of autotrophy to assess the influence of lake physicochemical factors on spatial trends in major photosynthetic and chemolithoautotrophic groups. Both lobes of Lake Bonney were dominated by Ribulose‐1, 5‐bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (RubisCO) form ID rbcL (haptophytes and stramenopiles), while Lake Fryxell was dominated by rbcL form ID‐harboring cryptophytes. Lake Vanda was the least productive lake and was dominated by form IA/B rbcL (cyanobacteria and chlorophytes) and form ID rbcL (stramenopiles). Autotrophic carbon fixation genes from photosynthetic organisms were generally positively correlated with light availability. Chemolithoautotrophic organisms harboring form II RubisCO were detected in only two of the four lakes (west lobe Lake Bonney and Fryxell) and were associated with the presence of either sulfide (Fryxell) or dimethylated sulfur compounds (west lobe Lake Bonney).
Geographic variation in intertidal oyster reef properties and the influence of tidal prism
Authors: Byers James E. , Grabowski Jonathan H. , Piehler Michael F. , Hughes A. Randall , Weiskel Heidi W. , Malek Jennafer C. , Kimbro David L. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPhysical‐biological coupling helps structure aquatic communities, yet physical factors can vary widely across large, biogeographic scales. The eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is an ecosystem engineer that creates intertidal reefs, filters water, promotes denitrification, stabilizes shorelines, and provides habitat throughout the inner waters of the U.S. South Atlantic Bight (SAB). We quantified physical variables (temperature, salinity, duration and depth of water inundation), oyster reef properties (slope, vertical relief), and oyster recruitment, density, and biomass over a 1500 km scale across the SAB for one year. All oyster‐level and many reef‐level variables exhibited unimodal patterns with latitude that peaked in Georgia and South Carolina estuaries. Of the physical variables, salinity and duration of water inundation over reefs were similar across all sites, and temperature declined linearly with increasing latitude, except during summer when it had no relationship with latitude. Depth of water inundation over reefs was the only physical variable with a prominent unimodal distribution that may explain the oyster's biological responses. Similar durations of water inundation across all reefs coupled with higher water depths in the mid‐latitude sites collectively indicate that these sites experience higher flow velocity, energy and net water volume delivery per unit time. The resultant higher accumulation of oyster biomass and heightened reef structure in areas of higher tidal energy emphasize that the physical forcing of the SAB (especially large cross‐shelf gradients in tidal amplification) affects the biology of the eastern oyster, including its reef properties, with potential implications for community structure and ecosystem service delivery across a biogeographic scale.
Antibacterial photodynamic treatment of periodontopathogenic bacteria with indocyanine green and near‐infrared laser light enhanced by TroloxTM
Authors: Kranz Stefan , Huebsch Marie , Guellmar Andre , Voelpel Andrea , Tonndorf‐Martini Silke , Sigusch Bernd W. 
Published: March 2015

Background and ObjectivesIt has been shown that certain vitamins can significantly enhance the effect of photodynamic anti‐tumor therapy. Unfortunately, there is no sufficient information available about the impact of those antioxidants on antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT). The present study is aimed at investigating the antimicrobial effect of the dye indocyanine green (ICG) in the presence of TroloxTM, a vitamin E analogue, upon irradiation with near‐infrared (NIR) laser light (808 nm) on the gramnegative periodontopathogenic bacteria Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (F.n.).MethodsBacteria solved in PBS were incubated with ICG (50–500 μg/ml) in the presence and absence of TroloxTM (2 mM). Irradiation was performed after 10 minutes of dark‐incubation with NIR‐laser‐light (25–100 J/cm2, 810 nm). During treatment, temperature was also recorded inside the bacterial solutions. The treated suspensions were serial diluted and plated onto blood agar plates. After anaerobe cultivation for 5 days the colony‐forming units (CFU/ml) were determined.ResultsThe antibacterial effect was ICG‐concentration and exposure dependent. It was found that high ICG‐concentrations and light fluence rates caused bacterial reduction due to hyperthermia. Where low ICG‐concentrations (<250 μg/ml) and fluence rates only induced minor regression, additional TroloxTM‐administration significantly enhanced the photodynamic effect. While treatment of A.a. (250 μg/ml ICG, 100 J/cm2) without TroloxTM caused no bacterial reduction, additional administration led to total eradication. In the presence of TroloxTM reduction to one‐fifth of the original ICG‐concentration (50 μg/ml) still induced total suppression of P.g. and F.n. at identical fluence (100 J/cm2). Treatment with ICG, NIR‐light or TroloxTM alone showed no remarkable bactericidal effect. Application of high ICG‐concentrations (500 μg/ml) and exposure values (100 J/cm2) caused peak temperatures of 64.53°C.ConclusionsThe results clearly show that TroloxTM significantly enhanced the antibacterial effect of ICG upon irradiation with NIR‐laser‐light. Additional administration of TroloxTM may also increase the efficiency of other aPDT systems. in vivo. Lasers Surg. Med. 47:???–???, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diallyl disulfide inhibits growth and metastatic potential of human triple‐negative breast cancer cells through inactivation of the β‐catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Huang Jing , Yang Bing , Xiang Tingxiu , Peng Weiyan , Qiu Zhu , Wan Jingyuan , Zhang Li , Li Hongyuan , Li Hongzhong , Ren Guosheng 
Published: March 2015

ScopeAlthough diallyl disulfide (DADS), an important garlic (Allium sativum) derivative, has exhibited potential anticancer activity, the molecular mechanism of this activity remains unknown. In this study, we evaluated the antitumor activity of DADS in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines based in vitro and in vivo models.Methods and resultsWe found that treatment with DADS resulted in decreased viability, increased apoptosis, and suppression of metastatic potential in TNBC cells. Furthermore, DADS induced dysregulation of B‐cell lymphoma (Bcl)‐2 family members, downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐9 and reversal of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Interestingly, DADS significantly inhibited activation of the β‐catenin signaling pathway, which regulated Bcl‐2 family members, MMP‐9 and EMT in TNBC cells. Consistent with these in vitro findings, we also verified the anticancer potential of DADS in MDA‐MB‐231 xenograft mice. Treatment with DADS significantly reduced tumor volume and weight and increased apoptosis in these mice, while the expression of active β‐catenin was decreased, and the downstream molecules were dysregulated.ConclusionOur results show that the antitumor effect of DADS on TNBC cells is mediated by the β‐catenin pathway, suggesting that DADS could be used as a potential therapeutic agent for treating or preventing breast cancer.
Curcumin induces apoptotic cell death via Oct4 inhibition and GSK‐3β activation in NCCIT cells
Authors: Yun Ji Ho , Park Young Gyun , Lee Kyung‐Mi , Kim Jungho , Nho Chu Won 
Published: March 2015

ScopeOctamer‐binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4) is a key regulator of pluripotent embryonic stem cell maintenance. However, increasing evidence has suggested that Oct4 is also expressed in cancer stem cells (CSCs) and is associated with tumor progression and chemoresistance. Curcumin (CUR) is a widely used cancer chemopreventive agent, and it has been used to treat several diseases including cancers. Here, we investigated whether CUR‐induced apoptotic cell death by inhibiting Oct4 levels and examining molecular mechanisms in NCCIT human embryonic carcinoma cells.Methods and resultsCUR significantly inhibited Oct4 transcription levels in a dose‐dependent manner by dual luciferase experiment, also decreased mRNA and protein levels in NCCIT human embryonic carcinoma cells, which express high levels of endogenous Oct4. Interestingly, we found that CUR treatment increased apoptotic cell death including subG0/G1 contents, cleavage caspases, and pro‐apoptotic protein, as confirmed with a series of loss‐of‐function experiments using Oct4 siRNA. Furthermore, CUR induced marked total level of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK‐3β), resulting in an increase in apoptotic cell death, was evaluated using chemical inhibitor of GSK3‐3β.ConclusionThese data suggest that CUR induces apoptotic cell death through Oct4 inhibition and GSK‐3β activation. Thus, CUR may be a useful cancer chemopreventive agent to suppress tumor progression or to improve chemoresistance by eliminating CSCs.
Zinc supplementation influences genomic stability biomarkers, antioxidant activity, and zinc transporter genes in an elderly Australian population with low zinc status
Authors: Sharif Razinah , Thomas Philip , Zalewski Peter , Fenech Michael 
Published: March 2015

ScopeAn increased intake of Zinc (Zn) may reduce the risk of degenerative diseases but may prove to be toxic if taken in excess. This study aimed to investigate whether zinc carnosine supplement can improve Zn status, genome stability events, and Zn transporter gene expression in an elderly (65–85 years) South Australian cohort with low plasma Zn levels.Methods and resultsA 12‐week placebo‐controlled intervention trial was performed with 84 volunteers completing the study, (placebo, n = 42) and (Zn group, n = 42). Plasma Zn was significantly increased (p < 0.05) by 5.69% in the Zn supplemented group after 12 weeks. A significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the micronucleus frequency (−24.18%) was observed for the Zn supplemented cohort relative to baseline compared to the placebo group. Reductions of −7.09% for tail moment and −8.76% for tail intensity were observed for the Zn group (relative to baseline) (p < 0.05). Telomere base damage was found to be also significantly decreased in the Zn group (p < 0.05). Both MT1A and ZIP1 expression showed a significant increase in the Zn supplemented group (p < 0.05).ConclusionZn supplementation may have a beneficial effect in an elderly population with low Zn levels by improving Zn status, antioxidant profile, and lowering DNA damage.
DWI using navigated interleaved multishot EPI with realigned GRAPPA reconstruction
Authors: Liu Wentao , Zhao Xuna , Ma Yajun , Tang Xin , Gao Jia‐Hong 
Published: March 2015

PurposeA novel k‐space reconstruction method is proposed for generating diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) using navigated interleaved multishot EPI (msEPI).Theory and MethodsIn interleaved msEPI, each shot of data acquired from one coil channel is a subset of the full k‐space of that channel. All the k‐space subsets of one channel can be treated as an undersampled dataset of a virtual multichannel data, which can be reconstructed by the GRAPPA algorithm after k‐space realignment. The intershot phase variations are directly compensated using navigator echoes as the auto‐calibrating data in GRAPPA reconstruction. In cases of multichannel msEPI data, all the virtual channels and actual channels can be integrated into a single GRAPPA reconstruction step. The proposed method is tested using both simulation and in‐vivo data. The simulation results produced by the proposed method and a SENSE‐based method are compared.ResultsThe simulated images generated by the proposed method exhibit less relative error compared with those generated by the SENSE method. Inconsistent shot‐to‐shot phase variation is naturally resolved by GRAPPA calibration without additional phase map processing. High‐quality brain DWI with submillimeter resolution is obtained using our proposed reconstruction method.ConclusionA novel k‐space msEPI reconstruction method has been developed for generating high‐quality diffusion imaging. Magn Reson Med 75:280–286, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.