bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-depth Exploration of Temperature Trends in Morocco: Combining Traditional Methods of Mann Kendall with Innovative ITA and IPTA Approaches
Authors: Qadem Zohair , Tayfur Gokmen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study examines trends in minimum and maximum temperatures at various climate stations located in different regions of Morocco for a period of five decades (1970 to 2019). Mann–Kendall, Sen’s estimator, Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA) and Innovative Polygon Trend Analysis (IPTA) were used in the analysis. The results show significant fluctuations, at different time scales, between minimum and maximum temperatures at all stations. In coastal areas, such as Rabat Sale, minimum temperatures fell during January and February while other months saw increases. Average minimum temperatures in Rabat Sale tend to fall by 0.5 °C. On the other hand, maximum temperatures in Rabat Sale rose by 0.2 °C. A decrease of 0.4 °C for Tmin and 1.6 °C for Tmax were observed in higher continental regions, such as Meknes. Other stations, such as Fez Sais (0.6 °C Tmin and 2.6 °C Tmax) and Taza (1.1 °C Tmin and 2.6 °C Tmax) showed an upward trend. Trends also vary, with notable increases in minimum and maximum temperatures, indicating different climatic dynamics according to altitude and locality. In particular, the ITA highlights a significant increase in annual maximum temperatures, with a P-value < 0.05 and trend slopes ranging from 0.0015 °C per year in Rabat Sale to 0.0076 °C per year in Taza. In addition, the IPTA results confirm diversity of upward and downward trends on monthly and seasonal scales, highlighting impact of geographical factors such as proximity to sea, topography, and continentality that contribute to formation of regional microclimates. The results highlight significant impact of climate change in Morocco.
Zero-cycles in families of rationally connected varieties
Authors: Lüders Morten 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe study zero-cycles in families of rationally connected varieties. We show that for a smooth projective scheme over a henselian discrete valuation ring the restriction of relative zero cycles to the special fiber induces an isomorphism on Chow groups if the special fiber is separably rationally connected. We further extend this result to certain higher Chow groups and develop conjectures in the non-smooth case. Our main results generalise a result of Kollár (Publ. Res. Inst. Math. Sci. 40(3):689–708, 2004).
Effects of anesthesia with sevoflurane on outcome parameters in murine experimental studies
Authors: Wrba Jonas C. , Lupu Ludmila , Braumüller Sonja , Neff Thomas A. , Halbgebauer Rebecca , Palmer Annette , Huber-Lang Markus 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Multiple murine studies modelling the immuno-pathophysiological consequences of trauma, shock, burn or sepsis were performed during the last decades. Almost every animal model requires anesthesia for practical and ethical reasons. Furthermore, often, corresponding control groups involve untreated animals without or with a limited exposure to anesthetics. However, the influences of anesthetic drugs on immuno-pathophysiological reactions remain insufficiently investigated. Therefore, we aimed to closer characterize the anesthetic impact exemplified by sevoflurane on the organ performance in mice and thereby investigate the influence of anesthesia itself on major outcome parameters in animal studies.

Methods
C57/BL6 mice were subjected either to 270 min of sevoflurane narcosis or directly euthanized. Plasma, BAL-fluids, lungs, kidneys, liver and intestine were collected and examined for immunological, functional and morphological changes.

Results
Systemic levels of the cytokine keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC) were raised in the narcosis group, while concentrations of high mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB-1) as a major inflammatory marker were reduced. In the lungs, levels of HMGB-1 and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were reduced. In contrast, systemic concentrations of intestinal fatty acid binding-protein (i-FABP) as an intestinal damage marker were elevated. Furthermore, liver-type fatty acid binding-protein (L-FABP) levels were lower in the narcosis animals, and inflammatory markers were reduced in liver tissues. Anesthesia also ameliorated the inflammatory reaction in renal tissues, while plasma levels of urea and creatinine were elevated, reflecting either dehydration and/or impaired renal function.

Conclusion
As anesthesia with sevoflurane exhibited distinct effects in different organs, it is difficult to predict its specific impact on targets of interest in in vivo studies. Therefore, further studies are required to clarify the effects of different anesthetic drugs. Overall, the inclusion of a control group subjected to the same anesthesia protocol as the experimental groups of interest seems helpful to precisely define the inherent impact of the anesthetic when investigating immuno-pathophysiologic conditions in vivo.
Intolerance of uncertainty and psychological flexibility as predictors of mental health from adolescence to old age
Authors: Okayama Sakiko , Minihan Savannah , Andrews Jack L. , Daniels Sarah , Grunewald Karina , Richards Matthew , Wang Weike , Hasan Yasmin , Schweizer Susanne 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The COVID-19 pandemic brought with it significant social, economic and health uncertainties. These were proposed to impact young people more compared to adults, leading adolescents to report more mental health problems during the pandemic. The current study examined whether differences in cognitive risk (tolerance of uncertainty) and protective (psychological flexibility) factors accounted for age-related differences in depression and anxiety.

Methods
These associations were investigated in the COVID-19 Risks Across the Lifespan (CORAL) cohort (N = 2280, 11–89 years).

Results
The results showed that adolescents experienced greater intolerance of uncertainty and lower psychological flexibility compared to adults and older adults. Tolerance of uncertainty did not account for age-related differences in depression or anxiety. However, psychological flexibility conferred more protective advantage for anxiety in adults compared to adolescents.

Conclusion
The observed age-related differences in risk and protective factors advance our understanding of developmental vulnerabilities to depression and anxiety. Implications for mental health interventions in the context of future pandemics are discussed.
The impacts of non-perceptual cognition (NPC) on design process and ideation
Authors: Lee Ju Hyun , Ostwald Michael J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPast research theorises that eye-closure and associated mental visualisation, which occurs during the design process, may be important for supporting creativity. Despite these claims, little empirical evidence is available about the results of mental recall in design. In response to this knowledge gap, this research reports the results of a protocol analysis of 35 designers’ creative processes, to examine the impacts of non-perceptual cognition (NPC) on design process and ideation. The results suggest that NCP events facilitate idea generation in the individual design process, confirming that ‘seeing with the mind’s eyes’ is an important process in designing. The research concludes with a discussion about the implications of the findings and its contribution to research into design and creativity.
Age-specific composition of milk microbiota in Tibetan sheep and goats
Authors: Cao Xi , Fang Yumeng , Bandan Pingcuo , Suo Langda , Jiacuo Gesang , Wu Yujiang , Cuoji Awang , Zhuoga Deqing , Chen Yulin , Ji De , Quzhen Ciren , Zhang Ke 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the dynamic changes in milk nutritional composition and microbial communities in Tibetan sheep and goats during the first 56 days of lactation. Milk samples were systematically collected at five time points (D0, D7, D14, D28, D56) post-delivery. In Tibetan sheep, milk fat, protein, and casein contents were highest on D0, gradually decreased, and stabilized after D14, while lactose and galactose levels showed the opposite trend. Goat milk exhibited similar initial peaks, with significant changes particularly between D0, D7, D14, and D56. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed increasing microbial diversity in both species over the lactation period. Principal coordinates analysis identified distinct microbial clusters corresponding to early (D0–D7), transitional (D14–D28), and mature (D56) stages. Core phyla, including Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria, dominated the milk microbiota, with significant temporal shifts. Core microbes like Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, and Streptococcus were common in both species, with species-specific taxa observed (e.g., Pediococcus in sheep, Shewanella in goats). Furthermore, we observed a highly shared core microbiota in sheep and goat milk, including Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, and Streptococcus. Spearman correlation analysis highlighted significant relationships between specific microbial genera and milk nutrients. For instance, Lactobacillus positively correlated with total solids, non-fat milk solids, protein, and casein, while Mannheimia negatively correlated with protein content. This study underscores the complex interplay between milk composition and microbial dynamics in Tibetan sheep and goats, informing strategies for livestock management and nutritional enhancement.

Key points
• The milk can be classified into three types based on the microbiota composition
• The changes of milk microbiota are closely related to the variations in nutrition
• Filter out microbiota with species specificity and age specificity in the milk
Diagnostic accuracy of the Clear Cell Likelihood Score and selected MRI parameters in the characterization of indeterminate renal masses – a single-institution study
Authors: Blachura Tomasz , Matusik Patrycja S. , Kowal Aleksander , Radzikowska Julia , Jarczewski Jarosław D. , Skiba Łukasz , Popiela Tadeusz J. , Chrzan Robert 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the clear cell likelihood score (ccLS) and value of other selected magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features in the characterization of indeterminate small renal masses (SRMs).

Methods
Fifty patients with indeterminate SRMs discovered on MRI between 2012 and 2023 were included. The ccLS for the characterization of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) was calculated and compared to the final diagnosis (ccRCC vs. ‘all other’ masses).

Results
The ccLS = 5 had a satisfactory accuracy of 64.0% and a very high specificity of 96.3%; however, its sensitivity of 26.1% was relatively low. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis revealed that from the selected MRI features, only T1 ratio and arterial to delayed enhancement (ADER) were good discriminators between ccRCC and other types of renal masses (area under curve, AUC = 0.707, p = 0.01; AUC = 0.673, p = 0.03; respectively). The cut-off points determined in ROC analysis using the Youden index were 0.73 (p = 0.01) for T1 ratio and 0.99 for ADER (p = 0.03). The logistic regression model demonstrated that ccLS = 5 and T1 ratio (OR = 15.5 [1.1-218.72], p = 0.04; OR = 0.002 [0.00-0.81], p = 0.04) were significant predictors of ccRCC.

Conclusions
The ccLS algorithm offers an encouraging method for the standardization of imaging protocols to aid in the diagnosis and management of SRMs in daily clinical practice by enhancing detectability of ccRCC and reducing the number of unnecessary invasive procedures for benign or indolent lesions. However, its diagnostic performance needs multi-center large cohort studies to validate it before it can be incorporated as a diagnostic algorithm and will guide future iterations of clinical guidelines. The retrospective nature of our study and small patient population confined to a single clinical center may impact the generalizability of the results; thus, future studies are required to define whether employment of the T1 ratio or ADER parameter may strengthen the diagnostic accuracy of ccRCC diagnosis.

Graphical Abstract
Patient Weight and Chemoprophylaxis in Abdominoplasty: Does It Result in More Bleeding Events?
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed , Steinvall Ingrid , Elawa Sherif , Ellabban Mohamed A. , Mohamed Mostafa K. , Elmasry Moustafa , Abdelrahman Islam 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Bariatric surgery has gained popularity in recent decades as an effective treatment for obesity. Abdominoplasty is one of the most often performed aesthetic procedures all over the world. In post-bariatric patients undergoing abdominoplasty, the diameter size and number of the abdominal wall perforators increase proportionally with increased body weight. Postoperative complications that may occur are haematoma, and venous thromboembolism (VTE). In plastic surgery procedures VTE prophylaxis grades vary due to the lack of consensus and clear guidelines. The aim of this study was to explore the frequency of postoperative bleeding and VTE in patients undergoing abdominoplasty and to explore the risk factors associated with major bleeding.

Methods
A retrospective single-centre study of adult patients who were operated on by abdominoplasty between 2011 and 2020. Chemoprophylaxis including low molecular weight heparin (LMHW) was recommended when the operating time exceeded 2 h.

Results
A total of 102 patients were included. There were no patients with VTE. Eight patients were re-operated for major haematoma. The weight loss (peak weight to weight before the abdominoplasty) was 14.4 kg larger in the re-operation group (p = 0.03). Eighty-eight percent in the re-operation group and 67% in the other group were treated with LMWH (p = 0.43). Multivariable logistic regression showed that with each decrease from the peak in BMI kg/m2 the risk of re-operation for major haematoma was increased by 22% (p = 0.02).

Conclusion
Abdominoplasty in patients after massive weight loss has a higher risk of postoperative bleeding. Having a clear protocol for chemoprophylaxis should be considered.

Level of Evidence III
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Comprehensive meta-analysis of surgical procedure for congenital diaphragmatic hernia: thoracoscopic versus open repair
Authors: Shibuya Soichi , Paraboschi Irene , Giuliani Stefano , Tsukui Takafumi , Matei Andreea , Olivos Maricarmen , Inoue Mikihiro , Clarke Simon A. , Yamataka Atsuyuki , Zani Augusto , Eaton Simon , De Coppi Paolo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Previous studies have shown a higher recurrence rate and longer operative times for thoracoscopic repair (TR) of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) compared to open repair (OR). An updated meta-analysis was conducted to re-evaluate the surgical outcomes of TR.

Methods
A comprehensive literature search comparing TR and OR in neonates was performed in accordance with the PRISMA statement (PROSPERO: CRD42020166588).

Results
Fourteen studies were selected for quantitative analysis, including a total of 709 patients (TR: 308 cases, OR: 401 cases). The recurrence rate was higher [Odds ratio: 4.03, 95% CI (2.21, 7.36), p < 0.001] and operative times (minutes) were longer [Mean Difference (MD): 43.96, 95% CI (24.70, 63.22), p < 0.001] for TR compared to OR. A significant reduction in the occurrence of postoperative bowel obstruction was observed in TR (5.0%) compared to OR (14.8%) [Odds ratio: 0.42, 95% CI (0.20, 0.89), p = 0.02].

Conclusions
TR remains associated with higher recurrence rates and longer operative times. However, the reduced risk of postoperative bowel obstruction suggests potential long-term benefits. This study emphasizes the importance of meticulous patient selection for TR to mitigate detrimental effects on patients with severe disease.
Ulcerative colitis in a transgender woman with a sigmoid neovagina: a case report
Authors: Sadeghi Anahita , Bahrami Hezaveh Ehsan , Ali Asgari Ali 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Sex reassignment surgery (SRS) is a necessary step in transitioning into the desired gender for male-to-female transgender individuals. This study focuses on a rare complication developed following SRS, aiming to highlight potential complications associated with this procedure.

Case presentation
This report describes a 49-year-old transgender woman with a history of SRS who developed bloody diarrhea and neovaginal bleeding 10 years later. A colonoscopy revealed features compatible with ulcerative colitis, which was confirmed by a biopsy.

Conclusions
The unpredictable clinical course of this phenomenon may prompt surgeons to reconsider the use of a rectosigmoid colon to create a neovagina. This case report underscores the necessity of long-term monitoring for gastrointestinal complications in transgender women post-SRS when a rectosigmoid colon segment is utilized for neovaginal construction.
Can geroscience be translated into healthcare?
Authors: Ferrucci Luigi , Tanaka Toshiko , Polidori M. Cristina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs an introduction to this special issue on geroscience, the present work focuses on the complexity of disentangling biomolecular mechanisms of aging from biopsychosocial causes of accelerated aging. Due to this complexity, the biomolecular aging hallmarks of frailty and multimorbidity as predominant aging phenotypes in geriatrics reflect single aspects of the aging process. A possible approach to facilitate the integration of geroscience into healthcare might be to consider aging as the dynamic ratio between damage accumulation at the molecular and cellular level and resilience as strategies that prevent or repair such damage. There is a large body of evidence to show that geroscience has the potential to change healthcare; however, reaching a consensus and translating the best tool to measure aging needs more research on 1) the sensitivity of biomarkers to interventions and 2) the relationship between changes in biomarkers and changes in health trajectories.
Identification of retinal oligomeric, citrullinated, and other tau isoforms in early and advanced AD and relations to disease status
Authors: Shi Haoshen , Mirzaei Nazanin , Koronyo Yosef , Davis Miyah R. , Robinson Edward , Braun Gila M. , Jallow Ousman , Rentsendorj Altan , Ramanujan V. Krishnan , Fert-Bober Justyna , Kramerov Andrei A. , Ljubimov Alexander V. , Schneider Lon S. , Tourtellotte Warren G. , Hawes Debra , Schneider Julie A. , Black Keith L. , Kayed Rakez , Selenica Maj-Linda B. , Lee Daniel C. , Fuchs Dieu-Trang , Koronyo-Hamaoui Maya 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study investigates various pathological tau isoforms in the retina of individuals with early and advanced Alzheimer’s disease (AD), exploring their connection with disease status. Retinal cross-sections from predefined superior-temporal and inferior-temporal subregions and corresponding brains from neuropathologically confirmed AD patients with a clinical diagnosis of either mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia (n = 45) were compared with retinas from age- and sex-matched individuals with normal cognition (n = 30) and non-AD dementia (n = 4). Retinal tau isoforms, including tau tangles, paired helical filament of tau (PHF-tau), oligomeric-tau (Oligo-tau), hyperphosphorylated-tau (p-tau), and citrullinated-tau (Cit-tau), were stereologically analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Nanostring GeoMx digital spatial profiling, and correlated with clinical and neuropathological outcomes. Our data indicated significant increases in various AD-related pretangle tau isoforms, especially p-tau (AT8, 2.9-fold, pS396-tau, 2.6-fold), Cit-tau at arginine residue 209 (CitR209-tau; 4.1-fold), and Oligo-tau (T22+, 9.2-fold), as well as pretangle and mature tau tangle forms like MC-1-positive (1.8-fold) and PHF-tau (2.3-fold), in AD compared to control retinas. MCI retinas also exhibited substantial increases in Oligo-tau (5.2-fold), CitR209-tau (3.5-fold), and pS396-tau (2.2-fold). Nanostring GeoMx analysis confirmed elevated retinal p-tau at epitopes: Ser214 (2.3-fold), Ser396 (2.6-fold), Ser404 (2.4-fold), and Thr231 (1.8-fold), particularly in MCI patients. Strong associations were found between retinal tau isoforms versus brain pathology and cognitive status: a) retinal Oligo-tau vs. Braak stage, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and CDR cognitive scores (ρ = 0.63–0.71), b) retinal PHF-tau vs. neuropil threads (NTs) and ABC scores (ρ = 0.69–0.71), and c) retinal pS396-tau vs. NTs, NFTs, and ABC scores (ρ = 0.67–0.74). Notably, retinal Oligo-tau strongly correlated with retinal Aβ42 and arterial Aβ40 forms (r = 0.76–0.86). Overall, this study identifies and quantifies diverse retinal tau isoforms in MCI and AD patients, underscoring their link to brain pathology and cognition. These findings advocate for further exploration of retinal tauopathy biomarkers to facilitate AD detection and monitoring via noninvasive retinal imaging.
Cleavage site-directed antibodies reveal the prion protein in humans is shed by ADAM10 at Y226 and associates with misfolded protein deposits in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Song Feizhi , Kovac Valerija , Mohammadi Behnam , Littau Jessica L. , Scharfenberg Franka , Matamoros Angles Andreu , Vanni Ilaria , Shafiq Mohsin , Orge Leonor , Galliciotti Giovanna , Djakkani Salma , Linsenmeier Luise , Černilec Maja , Hartman Katrina , Jung Sebastian , Tatzelt Jörg , Neumann Julia E. , Damme Markus , Tschirner Sarah K. , Lichtenthaler Stefan F. , Ricklefs Franz L. , Sauvigny Thomas , Schmitz Matthias , Zerr Inga , Puig Berta , Tolosa Eva , Ferrer Isidro , Magnus Tim , Rupnik Marjan S. , Sepulveda-Falla Diego , Matschke Jakob , Šmid Lojze M. , Bresjanac Mara , Andreoletti Olivier , Krasemann Susanne , Foliaki Simote T. , Nonno Romolo , Becker-Pauly Christoph , Monzo Cecile , Crozet Carole , Haigh Cathryn L. , Glatzel Markus , Curin Serbec Vladka , Altmeppen Hermann C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractProteolytic cell surface release (‘shedding’) of the prion protein (PrP), a broadly expressed GPI-anchored glycoprotein, by the metalloprotease ADAM10 impacts on neurodegenerative and other diseases in animal and in vitro models. Recent studies employing the latter also suggest shed PrP (sPrP) to be a ligand in intercellular communication and critically involved in PrP-associated physiological tasks. Although expectedly an evolutionary conserved event, and while soluble forms of PrP are present in human tissues and body fluids, for the human body neither proteolytic PrP shedding and its cleavage site nor involvement of ADAM10 or the biological relevance of this process have been demonstrated thus far. In this study, cleavage site prediction and generation (plus detailed characterization) of sPrP-specific antibodies enabled us to identify PrP cleaved at tyrosin 226 as the physiological and apparently strictly ADAM10-dependent shed form in humans. Using cell lines, neural stem cells and brain organoids, we show that shedding of human PrP can be stimulated by PrP-binding ligands without targeting the protease, which may open novel therapeutic perspectives. Site-specific antibodies directed against human sPrP also detect the shed form in brains of cattle, sheep and deer, hence in all most relevant species naturally affected by fatal and transmissible prion diseases. In human and animal prion diseases, but also in patients with Alzheimer`s disease, sPrP relocalizes from a physiological diffuse tissue pattern to intimately associate with extracellular aggregated deposits of misfolded proteins characteristic for the respective pathological condition. Findings and research tools presented here will accelerate novel insight into the roles of PrP shedding (as a process) and sPrP (as a released factor) in neurodegeneration and beyond.