bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of novel disulfidptosis‐related lncRNA signatures to predict the prognosis and immune microenvironment of skin cutaneous melanoma patients
Authors: Cheng Shengrong , Wang Xin , Yang Shuhan , Liang Jiahui , Song Caiying , Zhu Qiuxuan , Chen Wendong , Ren Zhiyao , Zhu Fei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundSkin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is an aggressive form of malignant melanoma with poor prognosis and high mortality rates. Disulfidptosis is a newly discovered cell death regulatory mechanism caused by the abnormal accumulation of disulfides. This unique pathway is guiding significant new research to understand cancer progression for targeted treatment. However, the correlation between disulfidptosis with long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in SKCM remains unknown at present.MethodsThe Cancer Genome Atlas database furnished lncRNA expression data and clinical information for SKCM patients. Pearson correlation and Cox regression analyses identified disulfidptosis‐related lncRNAs associated with SKCM prognosis. ROC curves and a nomogram validated the model. TME, immune infiltration, GSEA analysis, immune checkpoint gene expression profiling, and drug sensitivity were assessed in high and low‐risk groups. Consistent clustering categorized SKCM patients for personalized clinical treatment guidance.ResultsA total of twelve disulfidptosis‐related lncRNAs were identified for the development of prognosis prediction models. The area under the curve (AUC) values of the ROC curve and the nomogram provided reliable discrimination to evaluate the prognostic potential for SKCM patients. The TME played a crucial role in tumorigenesis, progression and prognosis, and the risk scores were closely related to immune cell infiltration. Meanwhile, the combination of chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy was recommended for low‐risk patients based on drug sensitivity and immune efficacy analyses.ConclusionWe identified a risk model of twelve disulfidptosis‐related lncRNAs that could be used to predict the prognosis of SKCM patients and help guide immunotherapy and chemotherapy for personalized treatment plans.
Discovering spatial co‐location patterns of urban facilities and their asymmetric characteristics
Authors: Jin Sijia , Yi Disheng , Yuan Junlei , Zhao Yuxin , Qin Jiahiu , Zhou Huijun , Zhang Jing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSpatial co‐location pattern (CP) mining can discover sets of geographical features frequently appearing in adjacent locations, which is valuable for comprehending the co‐occurrence relationship between features. However, due to the quantitative differences and heterogeneous distribution of features, the probabilities that features appear in each other's neighborhood are unequal, resulting in an asymmetric spatial pattern. Current studies have paid little attention to the asymmetric characteristics of CPs. Therefore, this study explores the CPs and their asymmetric relationships. Firstly, we adopt the weighted participation index to evaluate the frequency of global candidate CPs. Secondly, we employ an asymmetry index we developed and the local co‐location quotient to quantify the asymmetry intensity of CPs. The results indicate that the frequent CPs mainly comprise facilities related to the residents' daily lives. Investigating the asymmetric relationships and spatial associations among features in the CPs is significant for identifying resource shortages and rationally planning urban resources.
Physiological responses of pepper (Capsicum annum) to combined ozone and pathogen stress
Authors: Modelski Collin , Potnis Neha , Sanz‐Saez Alvaro , Leisner Courtney P. 
Published: June 2024

SUMMARYTropospheric ozone [O3] is a secondary air pollutant formed from the photochemical oxidation of volatile organic compounds in the presence of nitrogen oxides, and it is one of the most damaging air pollutants to crops. O3 entry into the plant generates reactive oxygen species leading to cellular damage and oxidative stress, leading to decreased primary production and yield. Increased O3 exposure has also been shown to have secondary impacts on plants by altering the incidence and response to plant pathogens. We used the Capsicum annum (pepper)‐Xanthomonas perforans pathosystem to investigate the impact of elevated O3 (eO3) on plants with and without exposure to Xanthomonas, using a disease‐susceptible and disease‐resistant pepper cultivar. Gas exchange measurements revealed decreases in diurnal photosynthetic rate (A′) and stomatal conductance (), and maximum rate of electron transport (Jmax) in the disease‐resistant cultivar, but no decrease in the disease‐susceptible cultivar in eO3, regardless of Xanthomonas presence. Maximum rates of carboxylation (Vc,max), midday A and gs rates at the middle canopy, and decreases in aboveground biomass were negatively affected by eO3 in both cultivars. We also observed a decrease in stomatal sluggishness as measured through the Ball–Berry–Woodrow model in all treatments in the disease‐resistant cultivar. We hypothesize that the mechanism conferring disease resistance to Xanthomonas in pepper also renders the plant less tolerant to eO3 stress through changes in stomatal responsiveness. Findings from this study help expand our understanding of the trade‐off of disease resistance with abiotic stresses imposed by future climate change.
Fungal invasion‐induced accumulation of salicylic acid promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis through MdNPR1‐MdTGA2.2 module in apple fruits
Authors: Li Zhao‐Yang , Ma Ning , Sun Ping , Zhang Fu‐Jun , Li Lianzhen , Li Haojian , Zhang Shuai , Wang Xiao‐Fei , You Chun‐Xiang , Zhang Zhenlu 
Published: June 2024

SUMMARYIn the field, necrosis area induced by pathogens is usually surrounded by a red circle in apple fruits. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of this phenomenon remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that accumulated salicylic acid (SA) induced by fungal infection promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis through MdNPR1‐MdTGA2.2 module in apple (Malus domestica). Inoculating apple fruits with Valsa mali or Botryosphaeria dothidea induced a red circle surrounding the necrosis area, which mimicked the phenotype observed in the field. The red circle accumulated a high level of anthocyanins, which was positively correlated with SA accumulation stimulated by fungal invasion. Further analysis showed that SA promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis in a dose‐dependent manner in both apple calli and fruits. We next demonstrated that MdNPR1, a master regulator of SA signaling, positively regulated anthocyanin biosynthesis in both apple and Arabidopsis. Moreover, MdNPR1 functioned as a co‐activator to interact with and enhance the transactivation activity of MdTGA2.2, which could directly bind to the promoters of anthocyanin biosynthetic and regulatory genes to promote their transcription. Suppressing expression of either MdNPR1 or MdTGA2.2 inhibited coloration of apple fruits, while overexpressing either of them significantly promoted fruit coloration. Finally, we revealed that silencing either MdNPR1 or MdTGA2.2 in apple fruits repressed SA‐induced fruit coloration. Therefore, our data determined that fungal‐induced SA promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis through MdNPR1‐MdTGA2.2 module, resulting in a red circle surrounding the necrosis area in apple fruits.
BacillusB2 promotes root growth and enhances phosphorus absorption in apple rootstocks by affecting MhMYB15
Authors: Huang Yimei , Zhai Longmei , Chai Xiaofen , Liu Yao , Lv Jiahong , Pi Ying , Gao Beibei , Wang Xiaona , Wu Ting , Zhang Xinzhong , Han Zhenhai , Wang Yi 
Published: June 2024

SUMMARYDue to the chelation of phosphorus in the soil, it becomes unavailable for plant growth and development. The mechanisms by which phosphorus‐solubilizing bacteria activate immobilized phosphorus to promote the growth and development of woody plants, as well as the intrinsic molecular mechanisms, are not clear. Through the analysis of microbial communities in the rhizosphere 16S V3–V4 and a homologous gene encoding microbial alkaline phosphomonoesterase (phoD) in phosphate‐efficient (PE) and phosphate‐inefficient apple rootstocks, it was found that PE significantly enriched beneficial rhizobacteria. The best phosphorus‐solubilizing bacteria, Bacillus sp. strain 7DB1 (B2), was isolated, purified, and identified from the rhizosphere soil of PE rootstocks. Incubating with Bacillus B2 into the rhizosphere of apple rootstocks significantly increased the soluble phosphorus and flavonoid content in the rhizosphere soil. Simultaneously, this process stimulates the root development of the rootstocks and enhances plant phosphorus uptake. After root transcriptome sequencing, candidate transcription factor MhMYB15, responsive to Bacillus B2, was identified through heatmap and co‐expression network analysis. Yeast one‐hybrid, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and LUC assay confirmed that MhMYB15 can directly bind to the promoter regions of downstream functional genes, including chalcone synthase MhCHS2 and phosphate transporter MhPHT1;15. Transgenic experiments with MhMYB15 revealed that RNAi‐MhMYB15 silenced lines failed to induce an increase in flavonoid content and phosphorus levels in the roots under the treatment of Bacillus B2, and plant growth was slower than the control. In conclusion, MhMYB15 actively responds to Bacillus B2, regulating the accumulation of flavonoids and the uptake of phosphorus, thereby influencing plant growth and development.
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase6 is involved in growth and resistance against pathogens via ethylene and lignin production in Arabidopsis
Authors: Singh Pooja , Kumari Aprajita , Khaladhar Vemula Chandra , Singh Namrata , Pathak Pradeep Kumar , Kumar Vinod , Kumar Ritika Jantu , Jain Priyanka , Thakur Jitendra Kumar , Fernie Alisdair R. , Bauwe Hermann , Raghavendra A.S. , Gupta Kapuganti Jagadis 
Published: June 2024

SUMMARYPhotorespiratory serine hydroxymethyltransferases (SHMTs) are important enzymes of cellular one‐carbon metabolism. In this study, we investigated the potential role of SHMT6 in Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that SHMT6 is localized in the nucleus and expressed in different tissues during development. Interestingly SHMT6 is inducible in response to avirulent, virulent Pseudomonas syringae and to Fusarium oxysporum infection. Overexpression of SHMT6 leads to larger flowers, siliques, seeds, roots, and consequently an enhanced overall biomass. This enhanced growth was accompanied by increased stomatal conductance and photosynthetic capacity as well as ATP, protein, and chlorophyll levels. By contrast, a shmt6 knockout mutant displayed reduced growth. When challenged with Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000 expressing AvrRpm1, SHMT6 overexpression lines displayed a clear hypersensitive response which was characterized by enhanced electrolyte leakage and reduced bacterial growth. In response to virulent Pst DC3000, the shmt6 mutant developed severe disease symptoms and becomes very susceptible, whereas SHMT6 overexpression lines showed enhanced resistance with increased expression of defense pathway associated genes. In response to Fusarium oxysporum, overexpression lines showed a reduction in symptoms. Moreover, SHMT6 overexpression lead to enhanced production of ethylene and lignin, which are important components of the defense response. Collectively, our data revealed that SHMT6 plays an important role in development and defense against pathogens.
Blood transfusion dynamics in Colombia: Unveiling patterns, reactions and survival rates in multitransfused patients
Authors: Bermúdez‐Forero María‐Isabel , García‐Otálora Michel‐Andrés 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThere is no consensus on a universally accepted threshold to categorize a patient as multitransfused. In 2019, Colombia established the definition of a multitransfused patient as someone who has received six or more blood components, irrespective of the time frame. This study aims to delineate the characteristics, adverse transfusion reactions (ATRs, definitions according to the International Society of Blood Transfusion [ISBT]) and survival rates in this population.Materials and MethodsWe performed an analysis from the data of all institutions engaged in blood component transfusions at the national level who notified events to the National Information System of Haemovigilance (SIHEVI‐INS), from January 2018 to December 2022. The selection criteria focused on individuals who not only exhibited ATRs but also received six or more blood components.ResultsAmong the 1,784,428 patients who received 6,637,271 blood components, an average of 3.7 components per patient was noted. Concurrently, 8378 ATRs were reported (12.6 ATRs/10,000 transfused components). Within this cohort, 691 patients met the criteria for multitransfusion. Predominantly women (51.8%), these individuals received between 6 and 14 blood components. Out of the 691 multitransfused individuals who experienced ATR, 541 had an allergic reaction. Conversely, out of the 6479 non‐multitransfused individuals who experienced ATR, 3835 had an allergic reaction (odds ratio: 2.49, 95% confidence interval: 2.06–3.0). Notably, 271 multitransfused individuals (39.2%) were documented as deceased, with 76% succumbing within 12 months of encountering their most recent ATR.ConclusionMultitransfused individuals in Colombia, being a high‐risk group, exhibit a heightened susceptibility to allergic reactions, surpassing the frequency observed in other transfusion populations. This underscores the necessity for tailored medical care specific to this group.
Cardiopulmonary haemodynamics in Tibetans and Han Chinese during rest and exercise
Authors: Möller Fabian N. , Fan Jui‐Lin , Futral Joel E. , Hodgman Charles F. , Kayser Bengt , Lovering Andrew T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDuring sea‐level exercise, blood flow through intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses (IPAVA) in humans without a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is negatively correlated with pulmonary pressure. Yet, it is unknown whether the superior exercise capacity of Tibetans well adapted to living at high altitude is the result of lower pulmonary pressure during exercise in hypoxia, and whether their cardiopulmonary characteristics are significantly different from lowland natives of comparable ancestry (e.g. Han Chinese). We found a 47% PFO prevalence in male Tibetans (n = 19) and Han Chinese (n = 19) participants. In participants without a PFO (n = 10 each group), we measured heart structure and function at rest and peak oxygen uptake (), peak power output (), pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP), blood flow through IPAVA and cardiac output () at rest and during recumbent cycle ergometer exercise at 760 Torr (SL) and at 410 Torr (ALT) barometric pressure in a pressure chamber. Tibetans achieved a higher than Han, and a higher at ALT without differences in heart rate, stroke volume or . Blood flow through IPAVA was generally similar between groups. Increases in PASP and total pulmonary resistance at ALT were comparable between the groups. There were no differences in the slopes of PASP plotted as a function of during exercise. In those without PFO, our data indicate that the superior aerobic exercise capacity of Tibetans over Han Chinese is independent of cardiopulmonary features and more probably linked to differences in local muscular oxygen extraction.
imageKey points
Patent foramen ovale (PFO) prevalence was 47% in Tibetans and Han Chinese living at 2 275 m. Subjects with PFO were excluded from exercise studies.
Compared to Han Chinese, Tibetans had a higher peak workload with acute compression to sea level barometric pressure (SL) and acute decompression to 5000 m altitude (ALT).
Comprehensive cardiac structure and function at rest were not significantly different between Han Chinese and Tibetans.
Tibetans and Han had similar blood flow through intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses (IPAVA) during exercise at SL.
Peak pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and total pulmonary resistance were different between SL and ALT, with significantly increased PASP for Han compared to Tibetans at ALT. No differences were observed between groups at acute SL and ALT.
Development of a real-time PCR test system for the identification of Francisella tularensis
Authors: Dauletov A. , Ostrovskii A. , Tursunbay N. , Kairzhanova A. , Mukanov K. , Amirgazin A. , Izbanova U. , Shevtsov A. 
Published: June 2024

Tularaemia is caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Francisella tularensis, which has three subspecies: holarctica, mediacia and tularensis. Due to the high virulence of the pathogen, the wide range of susceptible animals and the presence of numerous vectors and natural reservoirs, the development of sensitive diagnostic methods for the epidemiological surveillance of tularemia is crucial. New opportunities for understanding the epidemiological situation of tularemia are opening up with the use of new molecular analysis technologies for typing F. tularensis. The development and use of molecular methods for the diagnosis of tularemia is important in this context. The present study developed a protocol for detection of F. tularensis by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The selection of primers and a fluorescent probe was based on the aligned sequences of ISFtu1 (multi-copy insertion element). qPCR conditions were optimised, including the determination of the optimal annealing and extension temperatures for the primers. Sensitivity was tested using successive 4-fold dilutions of DNA derived from F. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica, indicating a minimum sensitivity threshold of 15 genomic equivalents per reaction. Two subspecies of F. tularensis (subsp. mediasiatica and subsp. holarctica), 27 non-target bacterial species and 3 eukaryotic organisms were used to assess specificity.
An Integrated Approach to Designing Robust Gas-Bearing Supported Turbocompressors Through Surrogate Modeling and Constrained All-At-Once Multi-Objective Optimization
Authors: Massoudi Soheyl , Picard Cyril , Schiffmann Jürg 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This research introduces an innovative framework to engineering design to tackle the challenges of robustness against manufacturing deviations and holistic optimization simultaneously in a multi-disciplinary, multi-subsystems context. The methodology is based on an application of ensemble artificial neural networks, which significantly accelerates computational processes. Coupled with the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm III, this approach facilitates efficient multi-objective optimization, yielding a comprehensive Pareto front and high-quality design solutions. Here, the framework is applied to the design of gas-bearing-supported turbocompressors. These systems are challenging due to their sensitivity to manufacturing variations, particularly in the gas-bearing geometry, which can lead to rotordynamic instability. Additionally, the interdependencies between the subsystems, such as axial and journal bearings, rotor, compressor impellers, and magnets, necessitate a multidisciplinary approach that spans aerodynamics, structural dynamics, rotordynamics, mechanics, loss analyses, and more. A clear tradeoff between system efficiency, mass-flow range, and robustness has been identified for the compressor design. Higher nominal compressor mass-flows, i.e., increased nominal power, is suggested to decrease the hypervolume of feasible manufacturing deviations. Hence, there is a sweet power spot for gas-bearing supported turbomachinery. Further, the framework’s computational efficiency is on par with that of a university cluster, while only employing a desktop computer equipped with a consumer-grade graphics card. This work demonstrates a significant advancement in the design of complex engineering systems and sets a new standard for speed and efficiency in computational engineering design.
Model Parameter Calibration for Vibration Fatigue Analysis by Means of Bayesian Updating and Artificial Neural Network Based Surrogate Models
Authors: Maier S. , Saenz-Betancourt C. C. , Bachmann F. , Feldmann R. , Götz B. , Duddeck F. , Melz T. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a methodology for model parameter calibration for vibration fatigue analysis is proposed. It combines Bayesian updating of uncertain model parameters and artificial neural networks (ANNs). The calibrated parameters are used to increase the accuracy of fatigue lifetime calculations for components submitted to vibrational loads. The Bayesian updating uses eigenfrequencies, mode shapes, total mass, and the frequency response functions (FRFs). These quantities are predicted by ANN-based surrogate models to accelerate the Bayesian updating process. A novel strategy for the prediction of the magnitude and phase of FRFs with ANNs is proposed. The frequency is used as an additional input variable, and a schematic selection of significant points of the FRF curves is presented. A high prediction accuracy of the surrogate models could be achieved. The procedure includes the analysis of the relevant frequency range and a sensitivity analysis based on the Morris method to identify appropriate modes and the most-influential parameters. The proposed framework is applied to a current vehicle component subjected to vibrational loads. An experimental modal analysis is used for the calibration and consideration of real parameter uncertainty. First, the accuracy of the surrogate models and Bayesian updating is verified by a nominal reference simulation and then validated with experimental data. The measurable control parameter thickness and component mass are used to examine the calibration accuracy. Finally, a decrease in the dispersion of the vibration fatigue distribution is obtained with the calibrated parameters.
Caffeine Gum Improves Reaction Time but Reduces Composure Versus Placebo During the Extra-Time Period of Simulated Soccer Match-Play in Male Semiprofessional Players
Authors: Field Adam , Corr Liam , Birdsey Laurence , Langley Christina , Marshall Ben , Wood Greg , Hearris Mark , Martinho Diogo , Carbry Christa , Naughton Robert , Fleming James , Mohr Magni , Krustrup Peter , Russell Mark , David Harper Liam 
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to determine whether caffeine gum influenced perceptual-cognitive and physical performance during the extra-time period of simulated soccer match-play. Semiprofessional male soccer players (n = 12, age: 22 ± 3 years, stature: 1.78 ± 0.06 m, mass: 75 ± 9 kg) performed 120-min soccer-specific exercise on two occasions. In a triple-blind, randomized, crossover design, players chewed caffeinated (200 mg; caffeine) or control (0 mg; placebo) gum for 5 min following 90 min of soccer-specific exercise. Perceptual-cognitive skills (i.e., passing accuracy, reaction time, composure, and adaptability) were assessed using a soccer-specific virtual reality simulator, collected pre- and posttrial. Neuromuscular performance (reactive-strength index, vertical jump height, absolute and relative peak power output, and negative vertical displacement) and sprint performance (15 and 30 m) were measured at pretrial, half-time, 90 min, and posttrial. Caffeine gum attenuated declines in reaction time (pre: 90.8 ± 0.8 AU to post: 90.7 ± 0.8 AU) by a further 4.2% than placebo (pre: 92.1 ± 0.8 AU to post: 88.2 ± 0.8 AU; p < .01). Caffeine gum reduced composure by 4.7% (pre: 69.1 ± 0.8 AU to post: 65.9 ± 0.8 AU) versus placebo (pre: 68.8 ± 0.8 AU to post: 68.3 ± 0.8 AU; p < .01). Caffeine gum did not influence any other variables (p > .05). Where caffeine gum is consumed by players prior to extra-time, reaction time increases but composure may be compromised, and neuromuscular and sprint performance remain unchanged. Future work should assess caffeine gum mixes with substances like L-theanine that promote a relaxed state under stressful conditions.