bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acardiac twinning: A rare case of noninterventional positive resolution
Authors: Ghosh Deepti , Das Asima 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence refers to a rare pregnancy complication caused by an abnormality in the umbilical artery in monochorionic twins. Here, we present a case report of a 28-year-old female who was referred to our hospital upon detection of TRAP on midtrimester ultrasonography. After careful examination of the condition of the patient, she was successfully treated. Early diagnosis of TRAP can provide the mother with treatment and care that might aid in minimizing damage to the healthy twin. Management options depend on the clinical and radiological parameters of each case.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage in failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: A case series and review of literature
Authors: Sahu Saroj Kanta , Giri Suprabhat , Nath Preetam , Mallick Bipadabhanjan , Praharaj Dibyalochan , Panigrahi Sarat Chandra , Anand Anil Chandra 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Obstructive jaundice is a common clinical manifestation of malignant biliary obstruction (MBO). Pancreaticobiliary malignancy causes a significant proportion of distal biliary obstructions, most of which are unresectable at the time of diagnosis. Palliative biliary drainage is required in cases of unresectable malignant distal biliary obstruction (MDBO). Surgical, endoscopic, or percutaneous methods can relieve biliary obstruction. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) is the most common alternative method if endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) fails. The complication rate of PTBD and associated comorbidities is high. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) has two access routes, i.e., intrahepatic and extrahepatic. The technical and clinical success rate of EUS-BD is high, exceeding 90%. When ERCP fails, the EUS rendezvous approach should be attempted first if papilla is accessible. Transmural drainage is the preferred method if the papilla is inaccessible. For distal and mid-common bile duct obstruction, we perform EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS). For EUS-CDS, one can use either a self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) or a lumen-apposing metal stent. EUS-BD procedures are technically challenging, and adverse events are common even in expert hands. A multidisciplinary approach is most appropriate for patients with distal MBO who fail ERCP.
Changing pattern of tobacco use and effect of behavioral interventions on tobacco dependence during COVID-19 – Mixed-method study
Authors: Rai Shilpa , Banerjee Sreya , Das Sudipta Kumar , Mahapatra Pranab , Acharya Geeta Chand 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Tobacco is a risk factor for noncommunicable diseases, and its users are at an increased risk for developing severe illness if affected by COVID-19.

Aims and Objectives:
This study was conducted to report tobacco usage patterns and experiences during COVID-19 and assess changes in tobacco dependence following behavioral interventions.

Methodology:
A mixed-method study was conducted, and the details of individuals who visited the tobacco cessation clinic, psychiatric ward, and department of pulmonary medicine from September 2019 to February 2020 were obtained from the hospital records. These individuals were contacted by telephone and were requested to fill out the Google Forms.

Results:
Following the initial analysis of nicotine dependence among the participants, 12 individuals were shortlisted for the in-depth interview on tobacco use experience during COVID-19. After the qualitative component was over, the participants were divided into two groups based on the ratio of 1:1. A behavioral intervention using online group sessions (using WhatsApp and Google Meet) along with telephonic counseling was administered to group 2 while group 1 received only telephonic counseling. At the end of 1 month, the participants were again followed up.

Analysis:
Only one participant reported an increase in the frequency of habit during COVID-19 and the reason was lack of work engagement. Most of the participants were at home during the pandemic, and some of them reported not having felt the need to smoke at home, as there were other modes of spending time at home. A statistically significant difference was found in the comparison of the before and after Fagerstorm nicotine dependence score for smokers in group 1 participants. However, a statistically insignificant difference was found in the comparison of the Fagerstorm nicotine dependence score for smokeless tobacco (ST) postintervention in the group 1 participant. The group 2 participants showed a statistically significant difference in the nicotine dependence scores for both smokers and ST after the intervention.
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Associated with Dermatomyositis: A Case Report
Authors: Agrawal Prabhat K. , Kumari Nirmal , Gautam Ashish , Pursnani Nikhil 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune illness that targets specific organs and associated with other autoimmune conditions. Dermatomyositis is an idiopathic systemic autoimmune condition involving skeletal muscles and skin. Co-occurrence of both disorders is quite rare. We diagnosed dermatomyositis in a young male with T1DM who presented with muscle weakness and cutaneous manifestations. There is an additional metabolic hurdle in T1DM, as high doses of glucocorticoids used in dermatomyositis management are related to glycemic instability which requires regular blood sugar monitoring and insulin dose titration accordingly. Considering the prognostic consequences, early diagnosis and management of dermatomyositis is essential.
Impact of Children with Disability on Caregivers: A Cross-sectional Study in Rural Area of Jammu, UT of Jammu and Kashmir, India
Authors: Kumari Preeti , Gupta Rajiv Kumar , Rivees Shabnum , Langer Bhavna , Mir Mehak Taban , Kumari Rashmi , Hassan Zahid Ul , Manhas Sakshi , Sumaira  , Zaffer Imran , Arif Tasleem , Chalotra Ritika 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
Children who are born with disability, more so intellectual disability are dependant on their parents for their daily needs. The presence of disabled child in the family adds to the caregiver burden which may read to emotional distress manifesting as anger, depression, stigma, etc. The study aimed to assess both the positive and negative impacts of having a disabled child in the family on caregivers.

Methodology:
The present, cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural area of Jammu district using simple random sampling, two health zones out of eight were selected for the conduct of the study. All the disabled children were identified and their parents were interviewed using National Institute of Mental Health-Disability Impact Scale Scale after taking an informed consent from them (IECGJ)(NO: IEC/GMC/2019/892).

Results:
During the course of the study, a total of 101 caregivers of disabled children were interviewed. Both negative and positive impact on the caregivers was found to be in close approximation to the tune of 15%–16%. Among the negative impacts, financial burden was the most dominant domain followed by physical care of the child and caregiver health being affected.

Conclusion:
It would be pertinent to conclude that we need to empower the caregivers as an important step for the inclusion of these special children in the society. In this context, few recommendations have been discussed in the present study.
Mask Usage and Handling of Face Mask in Rural Health and Training Center
Authors: Jayakumar Thamarai Selvi , Stanly A. Meriton 
Published: July 2024

Background:
The mask is defined as a cloth mask, medical mask, and N95 respiratory worn over the face, covering the bridge of the nose, mouth, and chin. Correct use of masks is essential. Mask usage is an important concern when visiting high-risk area as hospitals where the risk of cross-contamination is predominant. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of mask usage among patients attending the Rural Health and Training Center (RHTC). The aim of this study was to assess the association of mask usage with sociodemographic factors among patients attending RHTC and to determine the handling of face masks among patients attending RHTC.

Methods:
The study was directed to 287 patients in the outpatients. Using a semi-structured questionnaire, sociodemographic characteristics and mask usage details were collected from the study participants.

Results:
The prevalence of mask usage was 68.3%. The usage of mask was significantly higher among females (OD = 1.383, 95% confidence interval [CI] =0.836–2.286, P = 0.206), younger individuals (OD = 2.569, 95% CI = 1.423–4.636, P = 0.206), literate individuals (OD = 4.073, 95% CI = 2.040–6.892), employed (OD = 2.256, 95% CI = 1.292–3.940, P = 0.013), and upper and middle socioeconomic class (OD = 3.764, 95% CI = 2.219–6.385, P = 2.219–6.385). Handling of face mask with proper wearing and disposal were 18.5% and 25.1%, respectively.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of mask usage was observed to be 68.3%. The study results emphasize that mask usage is a primordial prevention and mode of intervention as health education and specific protection in the general population would necessarily improve compliance and flatten the epidemiological curve.
Nutritional management of sepsis secondary to infective acute gastroenteritis with diabetes
Authors: Aznul Hisham Muhammad Hafiz Bin , Abdul Hamid Haslina Binti 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
A 36-year-old Chinese male was presented at the emergency department and admitted to the Geriatric Intensive Care Unit for severe diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) secondary to acute gastroenteritis (AGE) with symptoms of severe vomiting and diarrhoea. He had underlying maturity-onset diabetes of the young, hypertension, dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) and chronic kidney disease Stage 3 and had a history of hospital admission for the episodes of hypoglycaemia. The current diagnosis was sepsis secondary to infective AGE, resolved DKA, non-oliguric acute kidney injury, neck haematoma and left-hand cellulitis. He was referred to dietitian for diabetic counselling. His calculated body mass index was 19.4 kg/m2 (normal) with no history of fat and muscle loss. The biochemical data showed abnormalities for glycated haemoglobin, renal profile, liver function test and full blood count.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice towards Occupational Health and Safety among Nursing Students in Gaza Strip, Palestine
Authors: Qaraman Abdel Fattah A. , Elbayoumi Maher , Kakemam Edris , Albelbeisi Ahmed Hassan 
Published: July 2024

Health and safety in the workplace are critical components in healthcare institutions. Unsafe working conditions are among the causes of poor quality of care and burnout. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practice of occupational health and safety among nursing students at Al-Israa University.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a structured online questionnaire was distributed from March to May 2021. Of the 350 eligible students, 219 students answered the questionnaire (Response rate=62.6). Data were analyzed using the statistical software IBM-SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistic, Independent- samples T-Test, and ANOVA tests were used.
Results: The majority of participants were female (81.7%) and studying in a diploma program. 21% of nursing students have experienced a needle stick injury. The mean scores for knowledge, attitudes, and practice were (M±SD:78.2% ±12.9, M±SD:80.6% ±7.1, and M±SD:81.2% ±7.6) respectively. In terms of knowledge, attitudes, and practice the mean scores were statistically significant between nursing students who attended a safety precautions course and those who didn not (P-value <.05). In terms of attitudes, the mean scores were statistically significant between diploma and bachelor students (P-value =.026).In terms of practice, the means scores were statistically significant between males and females (P-value =.017), nursing students who had experience with needle sticks and those who didn’t (P-value =.015).
Conclusion: The authors recommend that clinical training departments and universities continue to offer occupational health and safety courses and training for health science students. Since the training had a positive impact on the students' practices.
Evaluation of anthelmintic activity of the essential oils from leaves and rind of Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Correa ver. Bel of family Rutaceae of Pakistan
Authors: Mehmood Ferhat 
Published: July 2024

In this study ‘anthelmintic activity of essential oils (EOs), of leaves and rind of Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Correa ver. Bel was evaluated. ‘Adult motility assay’ was employed using Haemoncus contortus adult worms. EO was applied at three levels viz. 10, 35 and 50µL/10 ml in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) plus 10µL of tween 20 (as carrier/emulsifier). Levamisole was used as a positive control at 0.55 mg/ml concentration. Each concentration of essential oils obtained from different plant parts exhibited varied anthelmintic activity. The best dose dependant effect on adult mortality was by EOs from Aegel rind (R2 values 0.981) followed by EOs from leaves (R2 values 0.86.). LC50 were 34.92 and 26.65 for rind and leaves EOs respectively. Change in the color of the dead worms was an indicator parameter of the fact that the EOs might have damaged the skin of the worms or after transcutaneous penetration into the body has disrupted the circulatory system by causing constriction of blood vessels. It is concluded that EOs extracted from A. marmelos have anthelmintic properties.
The Influence of CYP2D6 Gene Variants on Tamoxifen Therapy in Breast Cancer Patients in the Asian Region
Authors: Septi Annisa Frastica , Zahra Aliya Azkia , Malau Jekmal 
Published: July 2024

reast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in society, especially among women. Tamoxifen is often used as a first-line therapy for breast cancer and reduces the risk of recurrence in ER+ breast cancer. However, the response to treatment varies due to genetic variability resulting from polymorphisms in the DNA encoding drug-metabolism enzymes, including the CYP2D6 gene. This literature review aimed to evaluate the impact of CYP2D6 gene variants on the effectiveness of tamoxifen in breast cancer treatment. A literature search was conducted through PubMed, Google Scholar, and BMC Cancer using relevant keywords. The selected articles were no more than ten years old (2014-2024), with criteria for inclusion and exclusion. The review of articles from various research journals found that in the Asian region, the CYP2D6 gene variant allele *10 was most frequently seen, resulting in Intermediate Metabolism (IM) in tamoxifen therapy. Patients with IM metabolism tend to have suboptimal therapeutic responses and require tamoxifen dose adjustments.Conversely, patients with Normal Metabolism (NM/EM) tend to have better therapeutic responses. Genetic variability in the CYP2D6 gene affects the activity of the CYP2D6 enzyme, which functions to convert tamoxifen into its active form, Endoxifen. Some individuals may have low (Poor Metabolizer), Intermediate (Intermediate Metabolizer), Normal (Extensive Metabolizer), or even high (Ultra-rapid Metabolizer) enzyme activity. Therefore, adjusting tamoxifen therapy based on patient genetic information is essential for optimal treatment, especially in Asia, where the CYP2D6 gene variant allele *10 is most commonly found, resulting in IM metabolism
INSET CONTENT TOWARDS TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE 21ST CENTURY: GLOBAL CHALLENGES
Authors: Tzotzou Maria , Poulou Maria , Karalis Thanassis , Ifanti Amalia 
Published: July 2024

The present paper discusses whether INSET content includes new thematic fields in line with the European and supranational directions as a result of the global advancements towards teachers’ efficient training and professional development in the 21st century. To this end, a review of the scholarly literature focusing on the official papers of supranational institutions has been carried out, along with an empirical study which investigates the extent to which INSET content has been updated to contribute to teachers’ professional development. As regards the empirical study, the quantitative research method was selected to gather data via an online questionnaire answered by 290 in-service state-school primary teachers. The research questions examine whether INSET content (a) includes topics related to 21st-century socio-educational challenges, (b) addresses modern state-school issues, (c) responds to teachers’ actual training needs, (d) satisfies teachers and/or needs revision. According to the research findings, INSET content seems to be out-of-date since modern educational topics deemed to be of crucial importance in the 21st-century education, such as global citizenship, human rights education, intercultural education and school bullying issues are included in teachers’ in-service training only to a minimum extent. Quantitative data also reveal deficient investigation of teachers’ training needs which results in a severe gap between INSET content and their actual training needs. Last but not least, findings raise implications for INSET content reform and update in order to focus on modern thematic fields as a prerequisite for teachers’ professional development in the 21st century via the systematic investigation of both teachers’ and schools’ needs.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0727/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
Pitiríase Rósea Purpúrica: relato de caso e revisão da literatura
Authors: Augusto Barbara Marin , Santos Caroline Nascimento , Castro Mariana da Silveira 
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A pitiríase rósea (PR) é uma doença cutânea exantemática, aguda, autolimitada, caracterizada pelo aparecimento de lesões papuloescamosas, levemente inflamatórias, ovais, no tronco e nas extremidades proximais, possuindo uma distribuição centrífuga ou crânio-caudal. Possui pico de incidência em crianças mais velhas e adultos jovens. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão literária sobre esta rara doença. Materiais e métodos: Realizada revisão de literatura com coleta, avaliação, seleção e resumo de artigos base nas plataformas Scielo, PubMed, ScienceDirect e LILACS. Resultados e discussão: Considerações finais: Ainda que sua resolução espontânea seja comum em um período de quatro a seis semanas, a diferenciação precisa e o manejo adequado são fundamentais para garantir o melhor cuidado aos pacientes afetados por essa condição tão incomum.
SIMULACIÓN DEL PROCESO DE ENDULZAMIENTO DE GAS NATURAL USANDO SOLUCIÓN ACUOSA DE MONOETANOLAMINA
Authors: Tixi Hernán , Barahona Natalia 
Published: July 2024

La eliminación de los componentes ácidos del gas natural se conoce como endulzamiento, esto se logra mediante su absorción con soluciones básicas como las alcanolaminas, a través de una reacción exotérmica reversible lo que posteriormente permite su regeneración. En esta investigación teórica se realizó la absorción de CO2 y H2S presentes en el gas natural utilizado el simulador de procesos ASPEN PLUS con su paquete termodinámico para aminas (modelo de Kent y Eisenberg), empleando como absorbedor una solución acuosa de monoetanolamina (MEA). El software AS- PEN PLUS es una buena herramienta para el cálculo de variables de operación del proceso. Así pues, se obtuvieron resultados satisfactorios de absorción de CO2 y H2S cuando se aumenta el f lujo y la concentración de amina. El proceso de absorción se produce de mejor manera a temperaturas bajas y presiones altas; por el contrario, el proceso de desorción mejora a temperaturas altas y pre- siones bajas. La concentración de CO2 en el gas limpio se ve inf luenciada por el número de etapas del absorbedor, no así el H2S.
Kontribusi Usaha Ayam Broiler Terhadap Peningkatan Pendapatan Masyarakat Desa
Authors: Haruni Ode  , Rumbiati  , Parmini  , Eva Yuniarti Utami  , Jeane Talakua  
Published: July 2024

Ayam broiler atau ayam potong merupakan jenis ayam pedaging dari hasil persilangan ayam yang memiliki produktivitas yang tinggi terutama dalam memproduksi daging ayam. Usaha ayam broiler ini merupakan usaha kecil menengah, tetapi jenis usaha yang memberikan peluang sangat besar tidak hanya untuk masyarakat yang memiliki usaha saja, namun juga masyarakat yang bekerja dan terlibat dalam usaha ini. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dimana data yang diperoleh bergantung pada informasi yang diberikan oleh para informan. Oleh karena itu, informan yang dipilih dalam proses pengambilan data ada beberapa informan seperti pengusaha, pekerja dan pedagang. Subjek penelitiannya adalah masyarakat yang memiliki usaha ayam broiler serta masyarakat yang terlibat di dalam usaha ayam broiler tersebut seperti peternak, pekerja dan pedagang. broiler ini dalam meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat Desa diperoleh keterangan dari masyarakat yang terlibat dalam usaha ini seperti pengusaha, peternak dan pedagang bahwa usaha ini mampu mencukupi dan meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat sehingga dapat memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian usaha ayam broiler ini berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat Desa. Dari hasil usaha ayam broiler ini mampu memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat bahkan dapat mengembangkan usahanya sehingga menjadi lebih besar. Para pengusaha tidak langsung memasarkan hasil ternaknya, namun dipasarkan oleh para pedagang, sehingga banyak masyarakat yang tidak memiliki pekerjaan berinisatif untuk berdagang terutama menjual ayam.
Annual time-series 1 km maps of crop area and types in the conterminous US (CropAT-US): cropping diversity changes during 1850–2021
Authors: Ye Shuchao , Cao Peiyu , Lu Chaoqun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Agricultural activities have been recognized as an important driver of land cover and land use change (LCLUC) and have significantly impacted the ecosystem feedback to climate by altering land surface properties. A reliable historical cropland distribution dataset is crucial for understanding and quantifying the legacy effects of agriculture-related LCLUC. While several LCLUC datasets have the potential to depict cropland patterns in the conterminous US, there remains a dearth of a relatively high-resolution datasets with crop type details over a long period. To address this gap, we reconstructed historical cropland density and crop type maps from 1850 to 2021 at a resolution of 1 km × 1 km by integrating county-level crop-specific inventory datasets, census data, and gridded LCLUC products. Different from other databases, we tracked the planting area dynamics of all crops in the US, excluding idle and fallow farm land and cropland pasture. The results showed that the crop acreages for nine major crops derived from our map products are highly consistent with the county-level inventory data, with a residual less than 0.2×103 ha (0.2 kha) in most counties (>75 %) during the entire study period. Temporally, the US total crop acreage has increased by 118×106 ha (118 Mha) from 1850 to 2021, primarily driven by corn (30 Mha) and soybean (35 Mha). Spatially, the hot spots of cropland distribution shifted from the Eastern US to the Midwest and the Great Plains, and the dominant crop types (corn and soybean) expanded northwestward. Moreover, we found that the US cropping diversity experienced a significant increase from the 1850s to the 1960s, followed by a dramatic decline in the recent 6 decades under intensified agriculture. Generally, this newly developed dataset could facilitate spatial data development, with respect to delineating crop-specific management practices, and enable the quantification of cropland change impacts on the environment. Annual cropland density and crop type maps are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.22822838.v2 (Ye et al., 2023).