bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synbiotic inclusion effects on the quail’s (Coturnix coturnix japonica) performance and digestive tract development
Authors: Rusdi R , Hasanuddin A , Mulyati M , Fatmawati F , Sarjuni S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A 100 female a day-old-quail (DOQ) were placed in a Completely Randomized Design, five treatments and four replicates in five birds and kept for six weeks. The basal diet consisted of maize, rice bran, soy bean meal, fish meal, cooking oil, minerals mixture and amino acid, which were mixed in such a way to achieve 22% protein. Treatments are basal diet only (T1) as a negative control, basal diet + 100 ppm COS + Lactobacillus spp 106 CFU/kg (T2), basal diet + 100 ppm COS + Lactobacillus spp 107 CFU/kg (T3), basal diet + 200 ppm COS + Lactobacillus spp 106 CFU/kg (T4), and basal diet + 200 ppm COS + Lactobacillus spp 107 CFU/kg (T5). The birds had free access to their diets and drinking water. The weight and feed intake of the birds were recorded weekly. The variables were feed intake (FI), bodyweight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and organ digestive weight. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and comparison tests using the Duncan test. The results revealed that the addition of synbiotics to the diet significantly improved BWG, FCR, gizzard, small intestine, and two caeca, while FI was significantly reduced (P<0.05). Other parameters were not different between treatments (P>0.05). Therefore, it could be concluded that the inclusion of synbiotics in the diet improved quail performance by improving the body weight gain and feed conversion ratio, boosting the development of the gizzard, small intestine and two caeca.
Scheduling The Construction of Low-Income Community Houses in Palu City Using the Probabilistic Duration Method
Authors: Setiawan A , Fadjar A , Labombang M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Residential construction projects can have many risks and uncertainties that can affect their completion time. To ensure a residential construction project is completed on time, accurate duration estimates are required for each activity. The deterministic duration Critical Path Method (CPM) is extensively used in construction project scheduling. However, this method may not always yield a realistic schedule as it uses only one duration estimation for each activity. As an alternative, this study uses the Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) which utilizes three duration estimates, and the Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) which simulates the duration 5000 times. A house construction project with 24 activities was analyzed using CPM which yielded 63 days completion time. The project was then analyzed using PERT and MCS. PERT and MCS calculations found that to complete the project with a 95% level of confidence the project needed 70 and 79 days, respectively. The findings of this study indicate that PERT and MCS can assist project managers in creating a more realistic project schedule by considering the risks and uncertainties inherent in a construction project.
Reducing TSS in hospital waste with adsorbents from corn peel
Authors: Walanda R M , Nurmayanti Y , Napitupulu N D 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether biochar made from corn peels (BCP) might be used as an adsorbent to lower hospital waste water’s total suspended solids (TSS). The outcomes of the experiments showed how well BCP worked to address the crucial issue of wastewater treatment. Hospital wastewater samples had much lower TSS levels when BCP was added; TSS reduction increased with biochar content. The best conditions for the adsorption process were identified, and a certain range of biochar concentration was shown to be excellent. Longer biochar-waste water contact times improved TSS removal even further. The significance of biochar as an adsorbent was highlighted by comparison with control groups, as the latter showed negligible alterations in TSS levels. The results demonstrate how BCP when combined with a 1.5-gram adsorbent and a 24-hour contact duration, can reduce TSS in hospital wastewater by up to 87.5% sustainably and economically. The study also highlights the need for more investigation and optimization to enhance the material’s effectiveness in a range of wastewater treatment scenarios.
Traits of farming practice affecting vascular streak dieback disease on cacao in Central Sulawesi
Authors: Edy N , Hamid S , Lakani I , Anshary A , Balosi F , Zulfadli  
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Vascular streak dieback (VSD) caused by the basidiomycete Ceratobasidium theobromae is one of the most important cocoa diseases in Central Sulawesi, causing branch dieback with an infection can kill seedlings and mature trees on susceptible cocoa varieties. This objective of this study is to examine the disease incidence of VSD in cacao in the field, determine the factors that influence the disease, and distinguish the characteristics of cocoa stomata from healthy plants and those infected with C. theobromae. All environmental variables tested were rainfall, wind speed, temperature, elevation, fertilizer; insecticide, herbicide, and fungicide applied; pruning, age of cacao trees, number of trees per plot (population); agricultural farming systems (monoculture or polyculture) sanitation of the plantation, number of stomata, diameter stomata, stomatal density. This study was carried out at the cacao plantations in center of cocoa plantation in Central Sulawesi districts by using generalized linear models. The study showed that C. theobromae infected all of the plantations on the study sites selected. Off all variable tested, fungicide, sanitation, number of stomata and the density of stomata were the significantly influence the disease incidence of VSD in cocoa plantation.
Work environment relations, training models, self-concept, leadership with construction worker performance in Palu city
Authors: Nirmalawati  , Tutang M , Dean  
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The performance of the construction workforce in Palu city must be considered in construction activities. The results of preliminary studies show that the results of construction work are still not satisfactory. One of the factors is workforce performance. This performance is influenced by various factors, therefore the study was conducted to determine how much influence environmental factors, training methods, self-concept and leadership have on the performance of construction workers in Palu city. This type of research is descriptive, distributing questionnaires to foremen or supervisors in the field of 46 respondents. Data analysis used multiple linear regression methods. The results of the study simultaneously show that the variables work environment, training model, self-concept and leadership have a significant effect on construction worker performance (Y), with the regression equation Y = 1.468 + 0.254X1 + 0.193X2 + 0.185X3 + 0.261X4. The results of the study will provide input for executors of construction work in Palu City so that they can improve the performance of construction workers by taking into account Work Environment Factors (X1) Training Model (X2, Self-Concept (X3) and Leadership (X4).
Distribution of nitrate (NO3−) and posphate (PO43-) in water, sediment and seaweed of Morowali distric marine waters
Authors: Ya’la Z R , Ndobe S , Rosyida E , Mappatoba M , Maemunah  , Dewi T , Husni A , Santoso T J 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The seaweed market opportunity is very promising, this condition is in line with the national plan which positions Indonesia as the largest seaweed producer in the world. Seaweed production in Central Sulawesi, especially in Morowali district, has continued to decline since 2012-2021. The aim of the research was to examine the distribution of nitrates and phosphates in sea water, sediment and seaweed at seaweed cultivation sites around mining sites in Morowali District which is suspected to be the cause of this situation. Observation stations include South Bungku Waters, Bahodopi Waters, Witaponda Waters and Bumi Raya Waters. The results showed different nitrate and phosphate contents in sea water, sediment and seaweed. The nitrate content in waters throughout Morowali district ranged from 0.071 to 0.202 ppm, and phosphate from 0.001 to 0.013 ppm. The nitrate content in the sediment was in the range of 2.67-8.15 ppm and phosphate was in the range of 0.001-3.03 ppm. Meanwhile, the nitrate and phosphate content in seaweed was from 20.36 to 40.68 ppm and 1.39 to 8.37 ppm respectively. The data showed that the highest nitrate and phosphate content was in seaweed tallus, followed by sediment and the lowest nitrate and phosphate content in sea water. This indicates that the nitrate content of seawater, sediment and seaweed has exceeded the tolerance threshold for seaweed growth. However, the phosphate content in seawater was still relatively low, while in sediment and seaweed tallus has exceeded the threshold.
Effect of the length of the weir wall sections on hydraulic characteristics of labyrinth weir
Authors: Tanga A , Ishak M G , Oktavia S R , Arafat Y 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A labyrinth spillway is a weir to increase the length of the weir wall within a fixed width, by the zig-zag plan shape. The weir wall of the labyrinth spillway consists of upstream, downstream, and sidewall. To increase the performance, it is good to modifications of the length of the weir wall of the spillway. In this regard, several studies have been published, however, the effect of changing the length of the weir wall section has not been addressed. To fill this gap, this study aims to compare the hydraulic characteristics of flow over 4 physical models of labyrinth spillway by variation of the length of the weir wall section (e.g. A = 0, 150, 250, and 300 mm downstream wall) with the same total length of the spillway i.e. 870 mm length. By extending the length of the upstream, the downstream will extend too, and the sidewall will shorten. The results of this study indicated that increasing the length of the upstream and downstream walls leads to a reduction in the discharge coefficient (Cd
). For A = 0 mm, Cd
max = 0.87; A = 150 mm, Cd
max = 0.77; A = 250 mm, Cd
max = 0.64; A = 300 mm, Cd
max = 0.45. Thus, it can be concluded that a shorter length of upstream and downstream walls was more efficient hydraulically compared to the others.
The effect of rain intensity and soil saturation levels on slope stability in Kebun Kopi area KM 49+635
Authors: Ramadhani S , Martini  , Oktaviana D A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Taweli-Toboli road section connects several districts in Central Sulawesi. However, every rainy season this area is the most frequently affected by landslides. The study was to determine soil characteristics in Kebun Kopi area of KM 49+635 and the effect of rain intensity and soil saturation level on slope stability. This research began with survey and sampling. Samples taken in the form of disturbed and undisturbed samples then tested for physical and mechanical soil properties. Data analysis was conducted using the finite element method with the help of Plaxis 2D. The analysis results to be known are the safety factor value, displacement, and soil pore water pressure. The variation of simulated rainfall intensity values is for 2 and 5 year rainfall plans. The results indicated the KM 49+635 slope characteristics generally consist of SP and SM groups. The analysis results of rainfall plan for 2-year return period with rainfall intensity of 11,314 mm/hour, 20,639 mm/hour and 36,911 mm/hour and at the 5-year return period with rainfall intensity of 14,648 mm/hour, 26,258 mm/hour and 41,681 mm/hour obtained rainfall intensity that has most potential to cause landslides is rain with high intensity of 41,681 mm/hour. The change of saturation level will also occur faster in rain with higher intensity.
Effects of climate change on dry-wet and its driving factors in the Palu watershed, Indonesia
Authors: Sutapa I W , Arafat Y , Rustiati N B 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Assessing dry-wet climate change is very important in the context of global climate change to ensure regional water resources, stabilize ecosystems, and develop socio-economic development. This study aims to investigate the temporal variations in aridity index (AI), precipitation (P), reference evapotranspiration (ET0), and the underlying driving climatic factors. The methodology used includes the aridity index (AI), trend analysis, sensitivity, and contributors. Daily temperature and rainfall data were collected from 5 meteorological stations in the Palu Watershed (Bora, Kalawara, Kulawi, Palolo, Wuasa) from 2002 - 2022. The results show that 84.58% of the Palu watershed experienced wetting while only 15.42% experienced drought during the last two decades. AI changes are mainly determined by changes in the ET0 trend. During observations (2002-2021), ET0 experienced a significant decrease at a rate of 4.08mm/day. The trend of ET0 is negatively affected by a decrease in wind speed and duration of sunlight and is positively affected by a decrease in relative humidity and an increase in air temperature. Air temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) contribute to increasing ET0 while wind speed (V) and sunshine duration (S) contribute to decreasing ET0.
Simulation Model of Lembasada Coastline Changes in Supporting Post Tsunami 2018 Tourism Beaches
Authors: Amar  , Rusdin A. , Setiyawan  , Arifin Syamsul , Chintia Geby , Setiaji Wahyu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This research aims to determine the coastal changes that occurred on Lembasada beach during the 25 years after the construction of beach protection and filling of beach sand and to determine the extent of abrasion that occurred and to obtain alternative abrasion management at the research location in Supporting Post-Tsunami Tourism Beaches 2018. This research uses the method overlapping (Overlay) Landsat satellite images for 2012 and 2022 on ArcGIS software as well as predictions of shoreline changes for 2030 using the Generalized Model for Simulating Shoreline Change (GENESIS) software. The results of forecasting changes in coastlines at the entire study location for 25 years show that there is erosion and accretion with the rate of change in erosion ranging from 1 to 2 meters per year. Analysis carried out in Lembasada Village shows that there are changes that are classified as moderate to large, there is no protection on the south side or beach protection on the north side which has been secured with a breakwater. The results showed that the area of abrasion on Lembasada Beach was 2,071.71 m², based on simulation results, the breakwater building is the right beach building to overcome the problem of abrasion at the research location.
Navigation channel evaluation at Donggala fish landing base in Central Sulawesi
Authors: Rusdin A , Saparuddin  , Yunar A , Rachmat A M A , Jugi P R 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Navigation channel are used to direct ships that will enter the harbour pool. Navigation channel are influenced by depth, the presence of corals, high waves when the water level starts to rise, and wind speed. This study aims to determine whether or not there has been a change in the depth of the seabed before and after the 2018 tsunami, determine the safe depth of post-tsunami 2018 shipping lanes to minimize ships running aground or hitting rocks and can damage ships and underwater ecosystems, and evaluate the 2018 post-tsunami navigation channel. as a consideration for changing or maintaining the current navigation channel at the Donggala Fish Landing Base (FLB). The inputs required are wind data processed using the Weibull Method, 15-day tides using the Admiralty Method, seabed depth mapped using the ArcGis 10 application and to obtain 3D projections using the Surfer application, as well as the draft of ships operating at Donggala FLB. From the UA values obtained from 2009-2018 and the fetch data at the research location, significant wave height values and maximum significant wave periods were obtained in 2017 northward with Hs = 0.98 m and Ts = 4.74 seconds. From the results of tidal calculations using the Admiralty Method HHWL of 346.833 cm, MHWL of 274.178 cm, MSL of 120.945 cm, MLWL of -32.285 cm, and LLWL of -104.943 cm, it can be concluded that the type of tide that occurs is mixed tide prevailing semi-diurnal because Fromzahl’s value is 0.508. From the results of visual observations of the pre- and post-tsunami bathymetry maps, it can be seen that landslides occurred from the north and siltation and sedimentation in the south with a minimum depth range of -1.88 m to -4.49 m and a maximum depth of about -30.57 m to -33.18 m. So that recommendations for shipping routes take into account wind and waves, tides, seabed depth and the biggest ship draft at Donggala FLB, namely 1.50 m with a weight of 30 GT totaling 47 pieces. There is another alternative if still want to use the current navigation channel, namely by dredging sand in the southern part of the pier with a depth range of -1.88 m to -4.49 m.
Post natural disaster object recognition system using python-based scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) algorithm
Authors: Zakaria A , Fauzan M F , Wahidin S A N , Adam A A , Mukhlis B 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The natural disaster in Palu became a significant challenge in identifying damaged building objects. The large number of damaged buildings made it difficult for the government to identify the level of damage to buildings and the feasibility of the construction process after natural disasters. This research is an object recognition system after natural disasters using the Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) algorithm implemented in Python programming language. This research aims to assist the government or National Search and Rescue Agency team in identifying the level of damage to buildings after natural disasters. The methods used in this research include literature study, image capture, processing, testing, and data analysis. The SIFT algorithm was selected to see the accuracy of comparisons of images of buildings before and after natural disasters. The test results show that the SIFT method can identify the average accuracy level of damage to buildings before and after natural disasters, reaching 98.24%.
Ecological framework: awareness transformation towards sustainable health in climate change
Authors: Napitupulu N D , Walanda R M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This research proposes an innovation in looking at the relationship between environmental awareness and health awareness in the midst of climate change. With a qualitative approach, we conducted a survey using a Likert scale questionnaire to evaluate the level of environmental awareness and health awareness among randomly selected respondents from various backgrounds. The results of the study show that there is a strong relationship between environmental awareness (EA) and health consciousness (HC). These findings indicate that individuals with higher levels of environmental awareness tend to have a deeper health awareness, perhaps due to an understanding of the impacts of climate change on human well-being. In conclusion, this research confirms that developing environmental awareness can be a gateway to strengthening health consciousness amidst climate change. To face the challenges of climate change, an integrated approach is needed, which combines knowledge of the environment with an understanding of the health implications. Suggestions for further research are to explore the role of education and social campaigns in building and maintaining eco-sustainability awareness. Further research could also involve in-depth analysis of the daily practices adopted by eco-conscious individuals, as well as how these practices contribute to overall personal and environmental health.
The effect of asphalt heating temperature on stability marshall asphalt concrete mixture added pet plastic waste
Authors: Arifin S , Bahar T , Setiawan A , Mashuri  , Nurhaliza G 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In an effort to prevent the spread of damage and increase the ability of road construction to carry loads, many efforts have been made by related parties to utilize plastic waste as an additive to road construction materials. Several tests that have been carried out by researchers indicate that there is a tendency to increase the marshall stability value of asphalt mixtures after adding PET powder to the asphalt material. Asphalt is a black to dark brown solid or semi-solid material which in road pavement engineering functions as an adhesive for the aggregate fraction. Viscosity is the basic physical property of asphalt which influences the process of making asphalt mixtures. This research was conducted at the Transportation and Road Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Tadulako University. The content of PET plastic used was 0.00%, 0.75% and 1.00% by weight of asphalt at varying asphalt heating temperatures of 180°C, 185°C and 190°C. Determination of Optimum Asphalt Content (OAC) of AC-WC asphalt mixtures using the Method Marshall. This study aims to determine the effect of adding PET plastic waste to asphalt binder and on stability values marshall as well as the influence of asphalt heating temperature variations on stability values marshall asphalt mixture. From the research results, it is known that the addition of 0.75% and 1.00% PET resulted in a lower penetration and ductility value. This happens because the asphalt becomes harder and more brittle as evidenced by the increase in the softening point of asphalt and several other properties of asphalt which become greater. It can also be seen that the stability value of asphalt mixture increases with increasing PET content in asphalt. The highest stability of the mixture at each content of PET 0.00%, 0.75% and 1.00%, namely 1676.13 kg, 1798.72 kg and 1981.28 kg occurred at 190°C.
Design of a low power consumption wireless sensor network for structural monitoring of bridges
Authors: Pineda Jhanes , Torres Renato , Torres Hernán 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This research focuses on designing a wireless sensor network (WSN) using LoRa for monitoring the structural condition of bridges, covering the measurement of variables such as temperature, humidity, vibration and wind speed using sensors such as DHT22, ADXL345 and anemometers. These data are transmitted via LoRa radio access technology to The Things Network (TTN) web platform for processing and storage in the cloud, and then integrated with the Ubidots platform for real-time visualization and analysis. This approach strengthens the field of structural monitoring, laying the groundwork for future applications in the safety of bridges and similar structures.