bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Chlamydia Burden Promotes Tumor Necrosis Factor–Dependent Reactive Arthritis in SKG Mice
Authors: Baillet Athan C. , Rehaume Linda M. , Benham Helen , O'Meara Connor P. , Armitage Charles W. , Ruscher Roland , Brizard Geraldine , Harvie Marina C. G. , Velasco Jared , Hansbro Phillip M. , Forrester John V. , Degli‐Esposti Mariapia A. , Beagley Kenneth W. , Thomas Ranjeny 
Published: January 2015

ObjectiveChlamydia trachomatis is a sexually transmitted obligate intracellular pathogen that causes inflammatory reactive arthritis, spondylitis, psoriasiform dermatitis, and conjunctivitis in some individuals after genital infection. The immunologic basis for this inflammatory response in susceptible hosts is poorly understood. As ZAP‐70W163C–mutant BALB/c (SKG) mice are susceptible to spondylo‐arthritis after systemic exposure to microbial β‐glucan, we undertook the present study to compare responses to infection with Chlamydia muridarum in SKG mice and BALB/c mice.MethodsAfter genital or respiratory infection with C muridarum, conjunctivitis and arthritis were assessed clinically, and eye, skin, and joint specimens were analyzed histologically. Chlamydial major outer membrane protein antigen–specific responses were assessed in splenocytes. Treg cells were depleted from FoxP3‐DTR BALB/c or SKG mice, and chlamydial DNA was quantified by polymerase chain reaction.ResultsFive weeks after vaginal infection with live C muridarum, arthritis, spondylitis, and psoriasiform dermatitis developed in female SKG mice, but not in BALB/c mice. Inflammatory bowel disease did not occur in mice of either strain. The severity of inflammatory disease was correlated with C muridarum inoculum size and vaginal burden postinoculation. Treatment with combination antibiotics starting 1 day postinoculation prevented disease. Chlamydial antigen was present in macrophages and spread from the infection site to lymphoid organs and peripheral tissue. In response to chlamydial antigen, production of interferon‐γ and interleukin‐17 was impaired in T cells from SKG mice but tumor necrosis factor (TNF) responses were exaggerated, compared to findings in T cells from BALB/c mice. Unlike previous observations in arthritis triggered by β‐glucan, no autoantibodies developed. Accelerated disease triggered by depletion of Treg cells was TNF dependent.ConclusionIn the susceptible SKG strain, Chlamydia‐induced reactive arthritis develops as a result of deficient intracellular pathogen control, with antigen‐specific TNF production upon dissemination of antigen, and TNF‐dependent inflammatory disease.
Use of Recombinant Human Stromal Cell–Derived Factor 1α–Loaded Fibrin/Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel Networks to Achieve Functional Repair of Full‐Thickness Bovine Articular Cartilage Via Homing of Chondrogenic Progenitor Cells
Authors: Yu Yin , Brouillette Marc J. , Seol Dongrim , Zheng Hongjun , Buckwalter Joseph A. , Martin James A. 
Published: January 2015

ObjectiveArticular cartilage damage after joint trauma seldom heals and often leads to osteoarthritis. We previously identified a migratory chondrogenic progenitor cell (CPC) population that responds chemotactically to cell death and rapidly repopulates the injured cartilage matrix, which suggests a potential approach for articular cartilage repair. This study was undertaken to determine whether recombinant human stromal cell–derived factor 1α (rhSDF‐1α), a potent CPC chemoattractant, would improve the quality of cartilage regeneration, hypothesizing that increased recruitment of CPCs by rhSDF‐1α would promote the formation of cartilage matrix upon chondrogenic induction.MethodsFull‐thickness bovine chondral defects were filled with hydrogel, composed of fibrin and hyaluronic acid and containing rhSDF‐1α. Cell migration was monitored, followed by chondrogenic induction. Regenerated tissue was evaluated by histology, immunohistochemistry, and scanning electron microscopy. Push‐out tests and unconfined compression tests were performed to assess the strength of tissue integration and the mechanical properties of the regenerated cartilage.ResultsUse of rhSDF‐1α dramatically improved CPC recruitment to the chondral defects at 12 days. After 6 weeks under chondrogenic conditions, cell morphology, proteoglycan density, and the ultrastructure of the repair tissue were all similar to that found in native cartilage. Compared with empty controls, neocartilage generated in rhSDF‐1α–containing defects showed significantly greater interfacial strength, and acquired mechanical properties comparable to those of native cartilage.ConclusionThis study showed that stimulating local CPC recruitment prior to treatment with chondrogenic factors significantly improves the biochemical and mechanical properties of the cartilage tissue formed in chondral defects. This simple approach may be implemented in vivo as a one‐step procedure by staging the release of chemokine and chondrogenic factors from within the hydrogel, which can be achieved using smart drug‐delivery systems.
Adaptive Output Feedback Control for a Class of Uncertain Stochastic Nonlinear Systems With Unknown Time‐Delays
Authors: Zha Wenting , Zhai Junyong , Fei Shumin 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThis paper investigates the problem of output feedback control for a class of stochastic nonlinear systems with time‐delays. Using dynamic gain scaling technique, an adaptive update law is introduced to the observer and controller to deal with the unknown parameters. Based on the Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional and stochastic Barbalat's lemma, it is proved that the proposed universal‐type adaptive output feedback controller can regulate all the states of the closed‐loop system almost surely. A simulation example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design procedure.
Optically stimulated luminescence in LiCaAlF6:Eu2+ phosphor
Authors: More Y. K. , Wankhede S. P. , Moharil S. V. , Kumar Munish , Chougaonkar M. P. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractResults on optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) in LiCaAlF6:Eu2+ are reported. Continuous wave OSL signal as recorded using blue (470 nm) stimulation was found to be ~31% that of standard phosphor lithium magnesium phosphate. The rate of OSL depletion for standard phosphor lithium magnesium phosphate is only three times less as compared with that of LiCaAlF6:Eu2+. Strong photoluminescence (PL) in the near ultraviolet region is observed for LiCaAlF6:Eu2+ with the characteristic Eu2+ emission at 369 nm for 254 nm excitation. The thermoluminescence (TL) glow peak for LiCaAlF6:Eu2+ was observed at around 180°C. The glow peak was about six times more intense compared with the dosimetric peak of the well known thermoluminescence dosimetric (TLD) phosphor LiF‐TLD 100. Thus this phosphor deserves much more attention than it has received until now and may be useful as a dosimetric material in radiation dosimetry. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inhibition effect of graphene oxide on the catalytic activity of acetylcholinesterase enzyme
Authors: Wang Yong , Gu Yao , Ni Yongnian , Kokot Serge 
Published: January 2015

AbstractVariations in the enzyme activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the presence of the nano‐material, graphene oxide (GO), were investigated with the use of molecular spectroscopy UV‐visible and fluorescence methods. From these studies, important kinetic parameters of the enzyme were extracted; these were the maximum reaction rate,Vm, and the Michaelis constant,Km. A comparison of these parameters indicated that GO inhibited the catalytic activity of the AChE because of the presence of the AChE–GO complex. The formation of this complex was confirmed with the use of fluorescence data, which was resolved with the use of the MCR‐ALS chemometrics method. Furthermore, it was found that the resonance light‐scattering (RLS) intensity of AChE changed in the presence of GO. On this basis, it was demonstrated that the relationship between AChE and GO was linear and such models were used for quantitative analyses of GO. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cost–utility analysis of operative versus non-operative treatment for colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Roberts K J , Sutton A J , Prasad K R , Toogood G J , Lodge J P A 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Background
Surgical resection of colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs) is the standard of care when possible, although this strategy has not been compared with non-operative interventions in controlled trials. Although survival outcomes are clear, the cost-effectiveness of surgery is not. This study aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of resection for CRLMs compared with non-operative treatment (palliative care including chemotherapy).

Methods
Operative and non-operative cohorts were identified from a prospectively maintained database. Patients in the operative cohort had a minimum of 10 years of follow-up. A model-based cost–utility analysis was conducted to quantify the mean cost and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) over a lifetime time horizon. The analysis was conducted from a healthcare provider perspective (UK National Health Service) in a secondary care (hospital) setting.

Results
Median survival was 41 and 21 months in the operative and non-operative cohorts respectively (P &lt; 0·001). The operative strategy dominated non-operative treatments, being less costly (€22 200 versus €32 800) and more effective (4·017 versus 1·111 QALYs gained). The results of extensive sensitivity analysis showed that the operative strategy dominated non-operative treatment in every scenario.

Conclusion
Operative treatment of CRLMs yields greater survival than non-operative treatment, and is both more effective and less costly.
Investigations into distribution of lidocaine in human autopsy material
Authors: Oertel Reinhard , Arenz Norman , Zeitz Sten Gunnar , Pietsch Jörg 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWith screening methods in the legal medicine drugs were often detected in autopsy material. In this study the antiarrhythmic and the local anesthetic drug lidocaine could be proved in fifty‐one cases and determined in different autopsy materials. For the first time the comparison of so many distribution patterns of lidocaine in human compartments was possible. A liquid‐liquid extraction procedure, a standard addition method and LC/MS/MS were used for analytics. The measured concentrations in blood were in the therapeutic range or lower. The time between lidocaine application and death was given in twenty‐nine cases. These data were very helpful to estimate and interpret the distribution process of lidocaine between application and death. This time exerted a crucial influence on the distribution of lidocaine in the compartments. Most of the intravenous applicated lidocaine was found in heart blood after a very short time of distribution. Afterwards the highest concentrations were measured in brain. Later the highest concentration was found in the kidney samples or in urine. If the time between lidocaine application and death is known, the results of this study can be used to deepen the knowledge of its pharmacokinetics. If this time is unknown, the circumstances and the causes of death can be better explained. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
LC/ESI‐MS/MS method for determination of salivary eicosapentaenoic acid concentration to arachidonic acid concentration ratio
Authors: Ogawa Shoujiro , Tomaru Koki , Matsumoto Nagisa , Watanabe Shui , Higashi Tatsuya 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA simple liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI‐MS/MS) method for determination of the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) concentration to arachidonic acid (AA) concentration ratio in human saliva has been developed. The EPA/AA ratio in serum or plasma is widely recognized as a useful indicator in identifying the risk of cardiovascular disease, especially atherosclerosis. The salivary EPA/AA ratio is expected to be a convenient alternative to the serum or plasma EPA/AA ratio, because saliva offers the advantages of easy and noninvasive sampling. The saliva was deproteinized with acetonitrile, purified using an Oasis HLB cartridge, and derivatized with 1‐[(4‐dimethylaminophenyl)carbonyl]piperazine (DAPPZ). The derivatized EPA and AA were subjected to LC/ESI‐MS/MS, and the EPA/AA ratio was determined using the selected reaction monitoring mode. The DAPPZ‐derivatization increased the ESI sensitivity by 100‐ and 300‐fold for EPA and AA, respectively, and enabled the detection of trace fatty acids in saliva using a 200 μL sample. The assay reproducibility was satisfactory (relative standard deviation, <5.0%). The method was successfully applied to the measurement of the salivary EPA/AA ratios of healthy Japanese subjects and their changes owing to the supplementation of EPA. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cyr61 promotes CD204 expression and the migration of macrophages via MEK/ERK pathway in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Shigeoka Manabu , Urakawa Naoki , Nishio Mari , Takase Nobuhisa , Utsunomiya Soken , Akiyama Hiroaki , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Komori Takahide , Koma Yu‐ichiro , Yokozaki Hiroshi 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) are known to be involved in the progression of various human malignancies. We previously demonstrated that CD204 was a useful marker for TAMs contributing to the angiogenesis, progression, and prognosis of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We also showed that conditioned media of ESCC cell lines induced CD204 expression in THP‐1 human monocytic leukemia cells. Here, we performed a cDNA microarray analysis between THP‐1 cells stimulated with TPA (macrophage [MΦ]‐like THP‐1 cells) treated with and without conditioned medium of ESCC cell line to clarify the molecular characteristics of TAMs in ESCC. From the microarray data, we discovered that Cyr61 was induced in CD204‐positive‐differentiated THP‐1 cells (TAM‐like THP‐1 cells). In the ESCC microenvironment, not only cancer cells but also TAMs expressed Cyr61. Interestingly, the expression levels of Cyr61 showed a significant positive correlation with the number of CD204‐positive macrophages in ESCCs by immunohistochemistry. Recombinant human Cyr61 (rhCyr61) promoted cell migration and induced the expression of CD204 along with the activation of the MEK/ERK pathway in MΦ‐like THP‐1 cells. Pretreatment with a MEK1/2 inhibitor significantly inhibited not only the Cyr61‐mediated migration but also the CD204 expression in the MΦ‐like THP‐1 cells. These results suggest that Cyr61 may contribute to the expression of CD204 and the promotion of cell migration via the MEK/ERK pathway in TAMs in the ESCC microenvironment.
Clinical benefit in recurrent glioblastoma from adjuvant NovoTTF‐100A and TCCC after temozolomide and bevacizumab failure: a preliminary observation
Authors: Wong Eric T. , Lok Edwin , Swanson Kenneth D. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe NovoTTF‐100A is a device that emits alternating electric fields and it is approved for the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma. It works by perturbing tumor cells during mitosis as they enter anaphase leading to aneuploidy, asymmetric chromosome segregation and cell death with evidence of increased immunogenicity. Clinical trial data have shown equivalent efficacy when compared to salvage chemotherapies in recurrent disease. Responders were found to have had a lower dexamethasone usage and a higher rate of prior low‐grade histology. We treated a series of patients with NovoTTF‐100A and bevacizumab alone (n = 34) or in combination with a regimen consisting of 6‐thioguanine, lomustine, capecitabine, and celecoxib (TCCC) (n = 3). Compared to the former cohort, the latter cohort exhibited a trend for prolonged overall survival, median 4.1 (0.3–22.7) months versus 10.3 (7.7–13.6) months respectively (P = 0.0951), with one experiencing an objective response with a 50% reduction in tumor size on magnetic resonance imaging despite possessing a larger tumor size at baseline and more severe neurologic dysfunction than the median for either group. These observations illustrate the possibility of improving survival and achieving a response in patients with end‐stage recurrent glioblastoma by biasing the tumor toward anti‐tumor immunologic response with a combination of NovoTTF‐100A and TCCC, as well as the continuation of bevacizumab in order to limit dexamethasone use due to its global immunosuppressive effect on the patient.
Performance evaluation of Web server workloads in Xen‐based virtualized computer system: analytical modeling and experimental validation
Authors: RahimiZadeh Keyvan , Nasiri Gerde Reza , AnaLoui Morteza , Kabiri Peyman 
Published: January 2015

SummaryRecent developments in the field of virtualization technologies have led to renewed interest in performance evaluation of these systems. Nowadays, maturity of virtualization technology has made a fuss of provisioning IT services to maximize profits, scalability and QoS. This pioneer solution facilitates deployment of datacenter applications and grid and Cloud computing services; however, there are challenges. It is necessary to investigate a trade‐off among overall system performance and revenue and to ensure service‐level agreement of submitted workloads. Although a growing body of literature has investigated virtualization overhead and virtual machines interference, there is still lack of accurate performance evaluation of virtualized systems. In this paper, we present in‐depth performance measurements to evaluate a Xen‐based virtualized Web server. Regarding this experimental study; we support our approach by queuing network modeling. Based on these quantitative and qualitative analyses, we present the results that are important for performance evaluation of consolidated workloads on Xen hypervisor. First, demands of both CPU intensive and disk intensive workloads on CPU and disk are independent from the submitted rate to unprivileged domain when dedicated core(s) are pinned to virtual machines. Second, request response time not only depends on processing time at unprivileged domain but also pertains to amount of flipped pages at Domain 0. Finally, results show that the proposed modeling methodology performs well to predict the QoS parameters in both para‐virtualized and hardware virtual machine modes by knowing the request content size. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
QoS‐aware energy‐efficient resource allocation in OFDM‐based heterogenous cellular networks
Authors: Zhou Li , Zhu Chunsheng , Ruby Rukhsana , Wang Xiaofei , Ji Xiaoting , Wang Shan , Wei Jibo 
Published: January 2015

SummaryRecently, in order to satisfy the heavy demands of network capacity brought about by the proliferation of wireless devices, service providers are increasingly deploying heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNets) for boosting the network coverage and capacity. In this paper, we present an iterative energy‐efficient scheduling scheme for downlink OFDM‐based HetNets with QoS consideration. We formulate the problem as a nonlinear fractional programming problem aiming to maximize the QoS‐aware energy efficiency (QEE) in HetNets. In order to solve this problem, we first transform it into a parametric programming problem, which takes QEE as an evolved parameter in the iterative procedure of iterative energy‐efficient scheduling scheme. In each iteration, for the given value of QEE, subchannel and power assignment subproblem is a nonlinear nondeterministic polynomial time‐hard problem. And hence, we adopt dual decomposition method for obtaining the optimal assignment of subchannels and power of the subproblem for the given value of QEE. Simulation results depict that both outer QEE parameter search and inner subgradient search can converge in a few iterations, and the resultant solutions outperform the equal power allocation scheme [1] and capacity maximization scheme [2] in terms of QEE. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Saturating light and not increased carbon dioxide under ocean acidification drives photosynthesis and growth in Ulva rigida (Chlorophyta)
Authors: Rautenberger Ralf , Fernández Pamela A. , Strittmatter Martina , Heesch Svenja , Cornwall Christopher E. , Hurd Catriona L. , Roleda Michael Y. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractCarbon physiology of a genetically identified Ulva rigida was investigated under different CO2(aq) and light levels. The study was designed to answer whether (1) light or exogenous inorganic carbon (Ci) pool is driving growth; and (2) elevated CO2(aq) concentration under ocean acidification (OA) will downregulate CAext‐mediated dehydration and alter the stable carbon isotope (δ13C) signatures toward more CO2 use to support higher growth rate. At pHT 9.0 where CO2(aq) is <1 μmol L−1, inhibition of the known use mechanisms, that is, direct uptake through the AE port and CAext‐mediated dehydration decreased net photosynthesis (NPS) by only 56–83%, leaving the carbon uptake mechanism for the remaining 17–44% of the NPS unaccounted. An in silico search for carbon‐concentrating mechanism elements in expressed sequence tag libraries of Ulva found putative light‐dependent transporters to which the remaining NPS can be attributed. The shift in δ13C signatures from –22‰ toward –10‰ under saturating light but not under elevated CO2(aq) suggest preference and substantial use to support photosynthesis and growth. U. rigida is Ci saturated, and growth was primarily controlled by light. Therefore, increased levels of CO2(aq) predicted for the future will not, in isolation, stimulate Ulva blooms.
An adaptive cycle hypothesis of semi‐arid floodplain vegetation productivity in dry and wet resource states
Authors: Thapa Rajesh , Thoms Martin , Parsons Melissa 
Published: January 2015

AbstractSpatial and temporal variability in flooding plays a significant role in the productivity of semi‐arid floodplain ecosystems. Floodplains may be perceived as boom–bust systems, but this model does not account for transitions that may occur between wet and dry floodplain states. This study used the concept of adaptive cycles to examine how floodplain vegetation productivity changes in response to wetting and drying. Floodplain vegetation productivity was tracked through a wet and dry state using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Floodplain inundation revealed complex vegetation productivity responses to resource availability. There was low NDVI in the dry phase, whereas vegetation vigour increased and decreased through the wetting, wet and drying phases. There was a marked difference in NDVI class area, number of transitions, direction of transitions, probability of transitions and NDVI class diversity between the dry phase and the combined wetting, wet and drying phases of floodplain inundation. The distribution of transition probabilities was platykurtic in the dry phase and bimodal during the wetting, wet and drying phases. Overall, anti‐clockwise hysteresis was the dominant direction of hysteresis. All vegetation productivity measures demonstrated a switch in direction during the wet phase. The hysteresis observed in this study indicates the cyclic nature of vegetation response to floodplain inundation through dry, wetting, wet and drying phases. We propose that vegetation productivity response follows an adaptive cycle and that this is an appropriate model for understanding the complexity of semi‐arid floodplain vegetation response to wetting and drying. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.