bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sub‐6 GHz plane wave generator design for automotive antenna over‐the‐air testing
Authors: An Xudong , Duan Siqi , Zhang Qinjuan , Wang Weimin , Liu Yuanan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAutomotive antennas are gaining importance due to their increasingly important role for autonomous driving with the development of the Internet of Vehicles. However, over‐the‐air testing on automotive antennas is difficult owing to its large volume and complex body structure. Plane wave generators can approximate uniform plane waves in the near field of the device under test, which can greatly reduce the measurement distance and thereby decreasing the cost compared with direct far‐field solutions. This letter designs three plane wave generators for three quiet zone sizes selected according to the vehicle structure at 5.9 GHz, achieving quiet zone sizes of 1.45 m m, 2.9m m, and 3.9 m m, respectively. Within the three quiet zones, amplitude deviations of 0.82, 0.34, and 0.34 dB and phase deviations of , and are realized, respectively, according to the numerical simulations. Uncertainty analysis is further implemented to investigate the robustness of the designed PWGs proposed in this letter.
DBAD: Dual branch reconstruction for industrial anomaly detection
Authors: Cai Huaze , Liu Shuaishi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractReconstruction‐based methods are commonly used in industrial visual anomaly detection. They rely on a well‐reconstructed normal mode of the model. However, it is difficult to manage the boundary of generalization. The strength of the model's generalization capability can directly affect the fidelity of the reconstruction, resulting in the occurrence of false positives. To address the above challenges, a novel dual branch reconstruction anomaly detection approach is proposed to control the model generalization capability at two dimensions. It reconstructs abnormal images into normal ones by resolution recovery and denoising branches. Detection results are generated from their comparison. In addition, an innovative channel adjustment module is introduced to improve information exchange between branches. It uses multiple dilated convolutions for interactions over different scales. Simulation experiments demonstrate that the method outperforms most inspection methods on the MVTec AD and MVTec 3D‐AD datasets. It also shows good results on the self‐generated automotive paint scratches dataset of this study.
Mechanical properties and cage transformations in CO2-CH4 heterohydrates: a molecular dynamics and machine learning study
Authors: Zhang Yu , Liu Xintong , Shi Qiao , Qu Yongxiao , Hao Yongchao , Fu Yuequn , Wu Jianyang , Zhang Zhisen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The substitution of natural gas hydrates with CO2 offers a compelling dual advantage by enabling the extracting of CH4 while simultaneously sequestering CO2. This process, however, is intricately tied to the mechanical stability of CO2-CH4 heterohydrates. In this study, we report the mechanical properties and cage transformations in CO2-CH4 heterohydrates subjected to uniaxial straining via molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and machine learning (ML). Results indicate that guest molecule occupancy, the ratio of CO2 to CH4 and their spatial arrangements within heterohydrate structure greatly dictate the mechanical properties of CO2–CH4 heterohydrates including Young’s modulus, tensile strength, and critical strain. Notable, the introduction of CO2 within clathrate cages, particularly within 512 small cages, weakens the stability of CO2–CH4 heterohydrates in terms of mechanical properties. Upon critical strains, unconventional clathrate cages form, contributing to loading stress oscillation before fracture of heterohydrates. Intriguingly, predominant cage transformations, such as 51262–4151063 or 425864 and 512–425861 cages, are identified, in which 4151062 appears as primary intermediate cage that is able to transform into 4151063, 425862, 425863, 512 and 51262 cages, unveiling the dynamic nature of heterohydrate structures under straining. Additionally, ML models developed using MD data well predict the mechanical properties of heterohydrates, and underscore the critical influence of the spatial arrangement of guest molecules on the mechanical properties. These newly-developed ML models serve as valuable tools for accurately predicting the mechanical properties of heterohydrates. This study provides fresh insights into the mechanical properties and cage transformations in heterohydrates in response to strain, holding significant implications for environmentally sustainable utilization of CO2–CH4 heterohydrates.
A reconfigurable narrow-band bandpass filter using electrically-coupled open-loop resonators based on liquid crystals
Authors: Choi Jin-Young , Ma Jun-Seok , Oh Hyunwoo , Kim Wook-Sung 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces an electrically reconfigurable narrowband bandpass filter that exploits liquid-crystal technology. The filter uses two electrically-coupled open-loop resonators to produce two transmission zeros, resulting in a more compact structure than a single open-loop resonator. The spacing between resonators contributes to easy manipulation of the fractional bandwidth (FBW) and return loss. Theoretical calculations of the electrical length using multilayer microstrip line equations are presented. Experimental results demonstrate that the center frequency can be tuned from 9.70 GHz to 10.86 GHz with a maximum bias voltage of 30 V, achieving a tuning range of 11.34%. With applied bias, the maximum FBW reaches 8.10% and the maximum return loss attains 15.97 dB in each biased state.
Generalized anxiety disorder in low-resourced adults: a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study across the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ettman Catherine K , Abdalla Salma M , Wang Ruochen , Rosenberg Samuel B , Galea Sandro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The burden of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) accrued disproportionately over the COVID-19 pandemic to low-resource populations. Using a longitudinal, nationally representative study of US adults, we used generalized estimating equations to estimate the burden of positive screen for GAD (GAD-7 score ≥ 10) over time. The final sample included 1270 adults at least 18 years old who completed the COVID-19 and Life Stressors Impact on Mental Health and Well-being (CLIMB) Study, with data collected in spring 2020, 2021, and 2022. The national prevalence of positive screen for GAD decreased from 24.4% in 2020 to 21.3% in 2022 (P &lt; .05). Across the COVID-19 pandemic, factors associated with increased odds of positive screen for GAD were lower income (odds ratio (OR) = 2.06 [95% CI, 1.17-3.63] for ≤$19 999 relative to ≥$75 000), younger age (OR = 2.55 [95% CI, 1.67-3.89] for ages 18-39 years relative to ≥60 years), and having contracted COVID-19 (OR = 1.54 [95% CI, 1.12-2.14]). Experiencing stressors was associated with 14% increased odds of positive screen for GAD for each additional stressor. The 2020 stressors most strongly associated with positive screen for GAD in 2022 were job loss and difficulty paying rent. Efforts to address the stressors affecting groups with the highest burden of anxiety after the pandemic may help mitigate poor mental health exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Hierarchical clustering analysis to inform classification of congenital malformations for surveillance of medication safety in pregnancy
Authors: Straub Loreen , Wang Shirley V , Hernandez-Diaz Sonia , Gray Kathryn J , Vine Seanna M , Russo Massimiliano , Mittal Leena , Bateman Brian T , Zhu Yanmin , Huybrechts Krista F 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
There is growing interest in the secondary use of health care data to evaluate medication safety in pregnancy. Tree-based scan statistics (TBSS) offer an innovative approach to help identify potential safety signals; they use hierarchically organized outcomes, generally based on existing clinical coding systems that group outcomes by organ system. When assessing teratogenicity, such groupings often lack a sound embryologic basis, given the etiologic heterogeneity of congenital malformations. The study objective was to enhance the grouping of congenital malformations to be used in scanning approaches through implementation of hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and to pilot test an HCA-enhanced TBSS approach for medication safety surveillance in pregnancy in 2 test cases using &gt; 4.2 million mother-child dyads from 2 US-nationwide databases. Hierarchical clustering analysis identified (1) malformation combinations belonging to the same organ system already grouped in existing classifications, (2) known combinations across different organ systems not previously grouped, (3) unknown combinations not previously grouped, and (4) malformations seemingly standing on their own. Testing the approach with valproate and topiramate identified expected signals and a signal for an HCA-cluster missed by traditional classification. Augmenting existing classifications with clusters identified through large data exploration may be promising when defining phenotypes for surveillance and causal inference studies.
The evolution of selection bias in the recent epidemiologic literature—a selective overview
Authors: Lu Haidong , Howe Chanelle J , Zivich Paul N , Gonsalves Gregg S , Westreich Daniel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Selection bias has long been central in methodological discussions across epidemiology and other fields. In epidemiology, the concept of selection bias has been continually evolving over time. In this issue of American Journal of Epidemiology, Mathur and Shpitser (Am J Epidemiol. 2025;194(1):267–277) present simple graphical rules for assessing the presence of selection bias when estimating causal effects by using a single-world intervention graph (SWIG). Their work is particularly insightful as it addresses the scenarios where treatment affects sample selection—a topic that has been underexplored in previous literature on selection bias. To contextualize the work by Mathur and Shpitser, we trace the evolution of the concept of selection bias in epidemiology, focusing primarily on the developments in the last 20-30 years following the adoption of causal directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) in epidemiologic research.
Transcriptome analysis of the common moss Bryum pseudotriquetrum grown under Antarctic field condition
Authors: Otani Masahiro , Kitamura Haruki , Kudoh Sakae , Imura Satoshi , Nakano Masaru 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Mosses are distributed all over the world including Antarctica. Although Antarctic mosses show active growth in a short summer season under harsh environments such as low temperature, drought and high levels of UV radiation, survival mechanisms for such multiple environmental stresses of Antarctic mosses have not yet been clarified. In the present study, transcriptome analyses were performed using one of the common mosses Bryum pseudotriquetrum grown under an Antarctic field and artificial cultivation conditions. Totally 88 205 contigs were generated by de novo assembly, among which 1377 and 435 genes were significantly up and downregulated, respectively, under Antarctic field conditions compared with artificial cultivation conditions at 15°C. Among the upregulated genes, a number of lipid metabolism-related and oil body formation-related genes were identified. Expression levels of these genes were increased by artificial environmental stress treatments such as low temperature, salt and osmic stress treatments. Consistent with these results, B. pseudotriquetrum grown under Antarctic field conditions contained large amounts of fatty acids, especially α-linolenic acid, linolenic acid and arachidonic acid. In addition, proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, which enhance membrane fluidity, to the total fatty acids was also higher in B. pseudotriquetrum grown under Antarctic field conditions. Since lipid accumulation and unsaturation of fatty acids are generally important factors for the acquisition of various environmental stress tolerance in plants, these intracellular physiological and metabolic changes may be responsible for the survival of B. pseudotriquetrum under Antarctic harsh environments.
Expressive Arts Intervention for Older Carers of Adult Family Members with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Ho Kit Wan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Expressive arts-based interventions have proven effective in facilitating discovery, healing, and change across diverse client populations, and particularly in deepening older individuals’ connection with their own creativity, resulting in improvements in physical and mental well-being. In this study, expressive arts-based interventions were utilised in ten groups of Chinese older carers of adult family members with intellectual/developmental disabilities. Focus group interviews were used to investigate the effectiveness. Amongst the forty-seven participants, the majority were mothers between sixty-one and seventy years old. More than half of the care recipients were over the age of thirty. The emergent themes included breakthroughs in self-expression, exploration of existential meaning, and confrontation with impending mortality. Participants had great worries about the future care arrangements, leading to immense feelings of frustration which were suppressed in accordance with prevailing Chinese values. Expressive arts were found effective in facilitating the expression of concealed emotions and expectations. The creative process was therapeutic in reconnecting the participants with forgotten events and relationships to discover positive meanings for change, enlightening them to embrace end-of-life as natural, treasure the present, and re-focus on self. Without a care arrangement solution, they resorted to maintaining health for life extension. Implications for service are included.
The impact of bilateral versus unilateral anterior temporal lobe damage on face recognition, person knowledge and semantic memory
Authors: Rouse Matthew A , Ramanan Siddharth , Halai Ajay D , Volfart Angélique , Garrard Peter , Patterson Karalyn , Rowe James B , Lambon Ralph Matthew A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The functional importance of the anterior temporal lobes (ATLs) has come to prominence in two active, albeit unconnected literatures—(i) face recognition and (ii) semantic memory. To generate a unified account of the ATLs, we tested the predictions from each literature and examined the effects of bilateral versus unilateral ATL damage on face recognition, person knowledge, and semantic memory. Sixteen people with bilateral ATL atrophy from semantic dementia (SD), 17 people with unilateral ATL resection for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE; left = 10, right = 7), and 14 controls completed tasks assessing perceptual face matching, person knowledge and general semantic memory. People with SD were impaired across all semantic tasks, including person knowledge. Despite commensurate total ATL damage, unilateral resection generated mild impairments, with minimal differences between left- and right-ATL resection. Face matching performance was largely preserved but slightly reduced in SD and right TLE. All groups displayed the familiarity effect in face matching; however, it was reduced in SD and right TLE and was aligned with the level of item-specific semantic knowledge in all participants. We propose a neurocognitive framework whereby the ATLs underpin a resilient bilateral representation system that supports semantic memory, person knowledge and face recognition.
A causal effect study of cortical morphology and related covariate networks in classical trigeminal neuralgia patients
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Wan Xinyue , Jiang Jingqi , Liu Yang , Wang Danyang , Ai Kai , Liu Guangyao , Zhang Xinding , Zhang Jing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Structural covariance networks and causal effects within can provide critical information on gray matter reorganization and disease-related hierarchical changes. Based on the T1WI data of 43 classical trigeminal neuralgia patients and 45 controls, we constructed morphological similarity networks of cortical thickness, sulcal depth, fractal dimension, and gyrification index. Moreover, causal structural covariance network analyses were conducted in regions with morphological abnormalities or altered nodal properties, respectively. We found that patients showed reduced sulcal depth, gyrification index, and fractal dimension, especially in the salience network and the default mode network. Additionally, the integration of the fractal dimension and sulcal depth networks was significantly reduced, accompanied by decreased nodal efficiency of the bilateral temporal poles, and right pericalcarine cortex within the sulcal depth network. Negative causal effects existed from the left insula to the right caudal anterior cingulate cortex in the gyrification index map, also from bilateral temporal poles to right pericalcarine cortex within the sulcal depth network. Collectively, patients exhibited impaired integrity of the covariance networks in addition to the abnormal gray matter morphology in the salience network and default mode network. Furthermore, the patients may experience progressive impairment in the salience network and from the limbic system to the sensory system in network topology, respectively.
The Impact of Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase 4-Dependent Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation on the Early Development of Intestinal Fibrosis in Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Dragoni Gabriele , Ke Bo-Jun , Picariello Lucia , Abdurahiman Saeed , Ceni Elisabetta , Biscu Francesca , Mello Tommaso , Polvani Simone , Innocenti Tommaso , Spalart Valérie , Milani Stefano , D’Hoore André , Bislenghi Gabriele , Scaringi Stefano , Verstockt Bram , De Hertogh Gert , Martinod Kimberly , Galli Andrea , Matteoli Gianluca , Vermeire Séverine 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
During early phases of inflammation, activated neutrophils extrude neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in a peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4)-dependent manner, aggravating tissue injury and remodeling. In this study, we investigated the potential pro-fibrotic properties and signaling of NETs in Crohn’s disease (CD).

Methods
NETs and activated fibroblasts were labeled on resected ileum from CD patients by multiplex immunofluorescence staining. NETs-treated human primary intestinal fibroblasts were analyzed by bulk RNA sequencing to uncover cell signaling pathways, and by high-throughput imaging to assess collagen production and migratory activity. Consequentially, TLR2/NF-κB pathway was evaluated by transfection of CCD-18Co fibroblasts with an NF-κB-luciferase reporter plasmid, incorporating C29 to block TLR2 signaling. A chronic dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model was used to define the specific role of PAD4 deletion in neutrophils (MRP8-Cre, Pad4fl/fl).

Results
Immunofluorescence showed spatial colocalization of NETs and activated fibroblasts in ileal ulcerations of CD patients. Transcriptomic analysis revealed upregulation of pro-fibrotic genes and activation of Toll-like receptor signaling pathways in NETs-treated fibroblasts. NETs treatment induced fibroblast proliferation, diminished migratory capability, and increased collagen release. Transfection experiments indicated a substantial increase in an NF-κB expression with NETs, whereas C29 led to decreased expression and release of collagen. In line, a significant reduction in collagen content was observed in the colon of MRP8-Cre, Pad4fl/fl mice subjected to chronic DSS colitis.

Conclusions
NETs potentially serve as an initial stimulus for pathological activation of fibroblasts within the intestine via the TLR2/NF-κB pathway. Given their early involvement in inflammation, inhibition of PAD4 might offer a strategy to modulate both inflammation and fibrogenesis in CD.
The use of imputation in clinical decision support systems: a cardiovascular risk management pilot vignette study among clinicians
Authors: Haitjema Saskia , Nijman Steven W J , Verkouter Inge , Jacobs John J L , Asselbergs Folkert W , Moons Karel G M , Beekers Ines , Debray Thomas P A , Bots Michiel L 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aims
A major challenge of the use of prediction models in clinical care is missing data. Real-time imputation may alleviate this. However, to what extent clinicians accept this solution remains unknown. We aimed to assess acceptance of real-time imputation for missing patient data in a clinical decision support system (CDSS) including 10-year cardiovascular absolute risk for the individual patient.

Methods and results
We performed a vignette study extending an existing CDSS with the real-time imputation method joint modelling imputation (JMI). We included 17 clinicians to use the CDSS with three different vignettes, describing potential use cases (missing data, no risk estimate; imputed values, risk estimate based on imputed data; complete information). In each vignette, missing data were introduced to mimic a situation as could occur in clinical practice. Acceptance of end-users was assessed on three different axes: clinical realism, comfortableness, and added clinical value. Overall, the imputed predictor values were found to be clinically reasonable and according to the expectations. However, for binary variables, use of a probability scale to express uncertainty was deemed inconvenient. The perceived comfortableness with imputed risk prediction was low, and confidence intervals were deemed too wide for reliable decision-making. The clinicians acknowledged added value for using JMI in clinical practice when used for educational, research, or informative purposes.

Conclusion
Handling missing data in CDSS via JMI is useful, but more accurate imputations are needed to generate comfort in clinicians for use in routine care. Only then can CDSS create clinical value by improving decision-making.
Symptom burden in chronic liver disease
Authors: Hassan Ammar , Hurtado Diaz De Leon Ivonne , Tapper Elliot B 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a significant contributor to global mortality. For people who are living with CLD, however, there is a substantial and often overlooked burden of physical and psychological symptoms that significantly affect health-related quality of life. CLD frequently presents with a multitude of interrelated and intricate symptoms, including fatigue, pruritus, muscle cramps, sexual dysfunction, and falls. Increasingly, there is interest in studying and developing interventional strategies to provide a more global approach to managing these complex patients. Moreover, in addition to established guidelines for the management of conventional complications, such as ascites and hepatic encephalopathy, there have been efforts in developing evidence-based guidance for the treatment of the more subjective yet still problematic elements. This review will address the management of these less “classical” but nonetheless important symptoms.
The COVID-19 Pandemic, Geroscience, and Intersectional Dimensions of Health and Well-being
Authors: McDougle Leon , Smith Jessica T 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic challenged bioethical principles of research and the ability of scientific and healthcare institutions to provide equitable care. How can geroscience adapt to build equity within research protocols to better serve minoritized and marginalized communities? What lessons can geroscience take from the COVID-19 pandemic and its response? Developing geroscience approaches that incorporate such knowledge, including vaccine distribution plans and coalition-building to improve vaccine confidence, may help to reduce health inequities.