bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Über das Fliegen zum Forschen: Das DLR-Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre im Kontext des 20. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Achermann Dania 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungObwohl das Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre (IPA) erst 1961/62 unter diesem Namen eingerichtet wurde, begann seine institutionelle Geschichte bereits 1924 mit der Gründung der „Rhön-Rossitten-Gesellschaft“. Im Laufe des Jahrhunderts wandelte sich sowohl der Name der Institution, ihre Organisationsform, als auch der Charakter ihrer Aktivitäten mehrmals. Ihre Wurzeln liegen im Segelflug als sportliche und militärische Aktivität, womit ein Interesse an der Atmosphäre bereits gegeben war. Doch dass diese deutsche Einrichtung schließlich als Forschungsinstitut die Turbulenzen des 20. Jahrhunderts (mit Unterbruch) überdauerte, war keineswegs vorherzusehen. Die organisatorischen und inhaltlichen Veränderungen können als Überlebensstrategie verstanden werden, um auf jeweils neue politische, gesellschaftliche und technologische Herausforderungen zu reagieren, wie sie beispielsweise der Zweite Weltkrieg, der Kalte Krieg, neue Umweltprobleme oder technische Innovationen im Flugverkehr mit sich brachten. In diesem Beitrag werde ich die Gründung, die Auflösung, die Neugründung sowie die weiteren strukturellen Veränderungen angesichts politischer Umwälzungen besprechen und analysieren, wie und weshalb sich das Erkenntnisinteresse dabei veränderte. Damit steht die Beziehung zwischen politischen und gesellschaftlichen Faktoren, Forschungsinstrumenten und Organisationsform sowie der Einfluss dieser Kontexte auf die wissenschaftlichen Fragestellungen im Vordergrund.
Organisatorische Entwicklung und Organisationsmuster außeruniversitärer Forschung am Beispiel der JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft
Authors: Kleinberger Klaus , Polt Wolfgang 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft ist heute die zweitgrößte außeruniversitäre Einrichtung im Bereich der angewandten Forschung in Österreich. Ihre Geschichte nachzuzeichnen ist deshalb interessant, weil sie den Versuch darstellt, auf regionaler Ebene die verschiedenen Entwicklungsphasen von Innovationssystemen durch entsprechende Entwicklungen von Forschungseinrichtungen zu unterstützen, und weil sie in Österreich den größten und bislang nachhaltigsten Versuch in diese Richtung repräsentiert. Ursprünge dieser Entwicklung finden sich bereits in den 1950er und frühen 1960er Jahren, als vom Land Steiermark finanzierte Forschungsvereine eingerichtet wurden. Ihr Ziel war es, die notwendige, aber kostspielige Forschungsinfrastruktur sowohl an den steirischen Hochschulen als auch für Anwendungen in der Landesverwaltung und für Unternehmen sicherzustellen. Ab Beginn der 1970er Jahre erweiterten sich deren Forschungsgebiete und die Anzahl der Institute nahm zu. Das Forschungszentrum Graz und die Forschungsgesellschaft Joanneum wurden als Dachorganisationen eingerichtet, ehe Ende der 1980er Jahre eine Neuausrichtung mit Gründung der heutigen JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH folgte. Mit einem Fokus auf angewandte Forschung und Technologieentwicklung nimmt diese heute eine wichtige Rolle im regionalen und nationalen Innovationssystem ein.
An artificial intelligence-based nerve recognition model is useful as surgical support technology and as an educational tool in laparoscopic and robot-assisted rectal cancer surgery
Authors: Kinoshita Kazuya , Maruyama Tetsuro , Kobayashi Nao , Imanishi Shunsuke , Maruyama Michihiro , Ohira Gaku , Endo Satoshi , Tochigi Toru , Kinoshita Mayuko , Fukui Yudai , Kumazu Yuta , Kita Junji , Shinohara Hisashi , Matsubara Hisahiro 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to enhance surgical practice by predicting anatomical structures within the surgical field, thereby supporting surgeons' experiences and cognitive skills. Preserving and utilising nerves as critical guiding structures is paramount in rectal cancer surgery. Hence, we developed a deep learning model based on U-Net to automatically segment nerves.

Methods
The model performance was evaluated using 60 randomly selected frames, and the Dice and Intersection over Union (IoU) scores were quantitatively assessed by comparing them with ground truth data. Additionally, a questionnaire was administered to five colorectal surgeons to gauge the extent of underdetection, overdetection, and the practical utility of the model in rectal cancer surgery. Furthermore, we conducted an educational assessment of non-colorectal surgeons, trainees, physicians, and medical students. We evaluated their ability to recognise nerves in mesorectal dissection scenes, scored them on a 12-point scale, and examined the score changes before and after exposure to the AI analysis videos.

Results
The mean Dice and IoU scores for the 60 test frames were 0.442 (range 0.0465–0.639) and 0.292 (range 0.0238–0.469), respectively. The colorectal surgeons revealed an under-detection score of 0.80 (± 0.47), an over-detection score of 0.58 (± 0.41), and a usefulness evaluation score of 3.38 (± 0.43). The nerve recognition scores of non-colorectal surgeons, rotating residents, and medical students significantly improved by simply watching the AI nerve recognition videos for 1 min. Notably, medical students showed a more substantial increase in nerve recognition scores when exposed to AI nerve analysis videos than when exposed to traditional lectures on nerves.

Conclusions
In laparoscopic and robot-assisted rectal cancer surgeries, the AI-based nerve recognition model achieved satisfactory recognition levels for expert surgeons and demonstrated effectiveness in educating junior surgeons and medical students on nerve recognition.
Greenwashing or Striving to Persist: An Alternative Explanation of a Loose Coupling Between Corporate Environmental Commitments and Outcomes
Authors: Kudłak Robert 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn response to increasing concerns about environmental degradation, companies started to introduce actions that portrayed their attentiveness to these issues. This commitment, however, hardly translates into actual improvements in corporate environmental performance and outcomes, which leads to accusations of greenwashing. In this conceptual paper, I use the idea of loose coupling to offer an alternative explanation of the disconnection between corporate environmental commitments and outcomes. Whilst companies are often perceived as rational and well-integrated bureaucracies, they, in fact, consist of subassemblies that are simultaneously coupled and responsive yet hold a certain degree of separateness and independence. Such loose coupling isolates an organisation from the external environment and gives the external stimuli only limited access to the system, allowing an organisation to persist. Such an understanding of organisations indicates that greenwashing might result from loose coupling caused by causal indeterminacy as well as a fragmented external and internal environment.
Factors Associated with Fathers’ Mental Health Difficulties in an Australian Help-Seeking Sample
Authors: Ritorto Lucia , McMahon Grace , Wallace Carolyn , Bladon Samantha , Dent Jillian , Giallo Rebecca 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFathers are at increased risk of mental health difficulties such as depression during the first postnatal year, however little is currently known about the extent to which fathers experience symptoms of anxiety and stress, and the factors associated with these symptoms. This study aimed to: (1) investigate the extent to which fathers accessing support to strengthen their coparenting relationship through a community health organisation experience depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms during the first postnatal year, and (2) examine associations between a broad range of individual, child, and family factors and fathers’ depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms during the first postnatal year. This study involved secondary analysis of routinely collected data from 170 fathers of children aged 0–12 months who were enroled in a coparenting intervention programme delivered by a community health organisation in Melbourne, Australia. Elevated symptoms of stress were reported by ~28% of fathers, while elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety were reported by ~26% and 16% of fathers, respectively. Multiple regression analyses revealed evidence for associations between reduced parental self-efficacy and higher depressive and stress symptoms, while infant regulation difficulties and increased interparental conflict were associated with higher levels of stress. This study highlights that fathers are at risk of mental health difficulties during the first postnatal year. Findings demonstrate the importance of undertaking a broad assessment of fathers’ mental health during the first postnatal year and provide important insights into individual, child, and family factors that may represent optimal targets for prevention and early intervention.
Debt and Desert
Authors: Carlsson Andreas Brekke 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAccording to what may be called the Debt Model, blameworthiness is defined in terms of deserved suffering. The Debt Model has a significant implication: one is less blameworthy if one has experienced some of the suffering one deserves, and no longer blameworthy once one has experienced the full amount of suffering one deserves. Blameworthiness, according to the Debt model, is not forever. In recent papers, Clarke (2022) and Howard (2022) independently criticize the Debt Model and argue for the opposite conclusion: if one is blameworthy, one will remain blameworthy forever. In this paper, I respond to this criticism as well as a recent argument against the Debt Model from Tierney (2022). I then present a prima facie case for the Debt Model. I argue that Clarke’s attempt to accommodate the intuitions elicited by this and similar cases has unwelcome implications. I will end the paper with some remarks about what roles we want our conceptions of blameworthiness to play. If Clarke’s account were right, the fact that an agent is blameworthy would play a far less significant role in our moral life than we often tend to assume. The Debt Model, I will suggest, makes better sense of our blaming practices.
Repeat stereotactic radiosurgery for progressive vestibular schwannomas after primary gamma knife radiosurgery
Authors: Taori Suchet , Bin-Alamer Othman , Tang Anthony , Niranjan Ajay , Flickinger John C. , Hadjipanayis Constantinos G. , Lunsford L. Dade 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Limited data provides guidance on the management of vestibular schwannomas (VSs) that have progressed despite primary Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS). The present article reports our long-term experience after repeat GKRS for VS with sustained progression after solely primary GKRS management.

Methods
A retrospective review of 1997 patients managed between 1987 and 2023 was conducted. Eighteen patients had sustained tumor progression after primary GKRS and underwent repeat GKRS. The median repeat GKRS margin dose was 11 Gy (IQR: 11–12), the median tumor volume was 2.0 cc (IQR: 1.3–6.3), and the median cochlear dose in patients with preserved hearing was 3.9 Gy (IQR: 3-4.1). The median time between initial and repeat GKRS was 65 months (IQR: 38–118).

Results
The median follow-up was 70 months (IQR: 23–101). After repeat GKRS, two patients had further tumor progression at 4 and 21 months and required partial resection of their tumors. The 10-year actuarial tumor control rate after repeat GKRS was 88%. Facial nerve function was preserved in 13 patients who had House-Brackmann grade 1 or 2 function at the time of repeat GKRS. Two patients with serviceable hearing preservation (Gardner-Robertson grade 1 or 2) at repeat GKRS retained that function afterwards. In patients with tinnitus, vestibular dysfunction, and trigeminal neuropathy, symptoms remained stable or improved for 16/16 patients, 12/15 patients, and 10/12 patients, respectively. One patient developed facial twitching in the absence of tumor growth 21 months after repeat GKRS.

Conclusions
Repeat GKRS effectively controlled tumor growth and preserved cranial nerve outcomes in most patients whose VS had sustained progression after initial primary radiosurgery.
Alcohol’s Harm to Others: Victim Data on Prevalence and Risk Factors in a Nationwide Population Survey
Authors: Roystonn Kumarasan , Koh Yen Sin , Sambasivam Rajeswari , Zhang Yunjue , Abdin Edimansyah , Chong Siow Ann , Lee Cheng , Ma Stefan , Chow Wai Leng , Subramaniam Mythily 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlcohol’s harm to others (AHTO) is a growing concern globally. Yet research in Asia, especially among multi-ethnic populations, remains scarce. This cross-sectional study utilized national population data from the Health and Lifestyle Survey, and aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with AHTO in Singapore. Among 6465 respondents, findings revealed a lower prevalence of reported harm from others’ drinking (9.6%) compared to Western countries. Notably, young people (aged 15–34 years); ethnic minorities (Indians and Malays); individuals who are separated, divorced, or widowed; and victims who are drinkers themselves (whether light or hazardous drinking) were more susceptible to AHTO. These results underscore the need for targeted interventions and policies to mitigate AHTO, considering its impact on individuals’ health, well-being, and societal costs. This study contributes to the understanding of AHTO in a Southeast Asian context, informing public health strategies to address alcohol-related harms beyond the drinker.
Felt something, hence it works: Merely adding a sensory signal to a product improves objective measures of product efficacy and product evaluations
Authors: King Dan , Auschaitrakul Sumitra , You Yanfen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractProduct efficacy is an important driver of product evaluation and product usage. This research examines how marketers can improve perceived and actual product efficacy. Given the managerial ease of adjusting product design, we demonstrate that adding a sensory signal (e.g., tingling, cooling, fizzing) to a product that promises positive outcomes would improve product evaluations and actual product efficacy. In five studies (and two additional studies reported in the Web Appendix), we show that sensory signaling (vs. nonsignaling) products elicit actual product choice and improve product evaluations, repurchase likelihood, recommendation likelihood, as well as objective measures of product efficacy (such as consumer performance). This occurs because the sensory signals make consumers feel a greater transfer of benefits to the body during product usage. We further demonstrate that the effect holds even when persuasion knowledge is activated. Together, this research provides important insights on product designs that benefit not only marketers but also consumers.
Firm Default Prediction by GNN with Gravity-Model Informed Neighbor Node Sampling
Authors: Minakawa Naoto , Izumi Kiyoshi , Murayama Yuri , Sakaji Hiroki 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFirm default prediction is important in credit risk management and understanding economic trends. Both practitioners and academic researchers have long studied it. While traditional statistical methods such as discriminant analysis and logistic regression have been used recently, machine learning and deep learning methods have been widely applied. The graph neural network (GNN) is one of the latest applications of deep-learning approaches. With the use of GNNs, it is possible to reflect the non-linear relationships of features among neighboring companies around the target company, whereas ordinary machine learning and deep learning methods focus only on the features of the target company. However, when handling large-scale graphs such as inter-firm networks, it is difficult to apply vanilla GNNs naively. Although uniform neighbor node sampling is commonly used for large-scale graphs, to the best of our knowledge, no research has focused on better sampling methods for GNN applications for default prediction. From the practical viewpoint, it means which companies should be considered with priority for firm default prediction. In this study, we propose a novel gravity model-informed neighbor sampling method based on the estimated transaction volume by utilizing knowledge from econophysics. The scope of this research is to determine whether we can improve default predictions by considering neighboring companies with larger transaction amounts compared to ordinary uniform sampling. We also verified that the proposed method improves the prediction performance and stability compared to GNNs with other sampling techniques and other machine learning methods using real large-scale inter-firm network data.
IL-22 activates the PI3K-AKT pathway to promote colorectal cancer cell proliferation and metastasis
Authors: Ruan Hong-xun , Qin Xiao-ning , Huang Wei , Lin Lin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignancy with high morbidity and mortality rates. Previous studies have demonstrated that interleukin (IL)-22 is involved in CRC progression; however, the exact mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of IL-22 on CRC cell proliferation and metastasis.

Methods
IL-22 levels in the serum and tissues of CRC patients were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect the viability of CRC (HCT116) cells treated with different IL-22 concentrations. Colony formation, Transwell invasion, and scratch assays were employed to assess the effects of IL-22 on cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Western blotting was performed to measure the expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), p-PI3K, p-AKT, E-cadherin, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, SNAI1, and TWIST1 in HCT116 cells treated with IL-22 or a PI3K inhibitor.

Results
ELISA results showed that the expression of IL-22 was significantly increased in the serum and tissues of CRC patients compared to controls. IL-22 treatment increased cell viability and colony formation in a concentration-dependent manner and enhanced cell invasion and migration. Western blotting analysis revealed that IL-22 stimulation upregulated p-PI3K and p-AKT expression, while total PI3K and AKT levels remained unchanged. Additionally, IL-22 also decreased E-cadherin expression and increased the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, SNAI1, and TWIST1.

Conclusions
IL-22 activates the PI3K-AKT pathway and promotes HCT116 cell proliferation and metastasis. Targeting the regulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway may be a potential therapeutic strategy for CRC.
A Thermal Approach for Modeling Concrete Ablation During Molten Corium–Concrete Interaction
Authors: Khurshid Ilyas , Amidu Muritala A. , Hassan Mubashir , Faizan Muhammad , Afgan Imran , Addad Yacine 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn accident in a nuclear power plant involving a reactor core meltdown could result in the instigation of molten corium, which is a mixture of nuclear fuel, claddings and structural components. In this paper, an enthalpy-porosity model is proposed to comprehensively analyze the ablation of concrete during the molten corium and concrete interaction process. The developed numerical model is an extension of the enthalpy-porosity model and is termed the CCEPM. The developed CCEPM computational fluid dynamics model can predict natural convection, melting and solidification. The developed model simplifies the complex phenomena of concrete ablation and melting by incorporating the multiregional approach. The model was implemented in OpenFOAM by developing a new solver that couples buoyant-driven natural convection and conjugate heat transfer solvers. The thermal modeling and heat transfer capabilities of the developed solver were verified against experimental data sets. Additionally, the effects of various boundary conditions, concrete thermal conductivities and decay heat intensities were analyzed to study their impacts on concrete ablation. We observed significant low concrete ablation and controlled temperature and velocity fields for the water-cooled boundary condition. Accordingly, the ablation of concrete decreased by 17% by imposing the water-cooled boundary condition. Similarly, when the thermal conductivity of concrete was decreased to 0.43 and 0.13 W/m.K, the ablation of the concrete decreased by 38% and 75%, respectively. Furthermore, early cooling of molten corium to decrease the decay heat was found to be an effective strategy for successfully mitigating concrete ablation by 20%.
Efficient simulation and valuation of equity-indexed annuities under a two-factor G2++ model
Authors: Günther Sascha , Hieber Peter 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEquity-indexed annuities (EIAs) with investment guarantees are pension products sensitive to changes in the interest rate environment. A flexible and common choice for modelling this risk factor is a Hull–White model in its G2++ variant. We investigate the valuation of EIAs in this model setting and extend the literature by introducing a more efficient framework for Monte-Carlo simulation. In addition, we build on previous work by adapting an approach based on scenario matrices to a two-factor G2++ model. This method does not rely on simulations or on Fourier transformations. In numerical studies, we demonstrate its fast convergence and the limitations of techniques relying on the independence of annual returns and the central limit theorem.
Conversion of limonene to limonene diol over activated carbon supported Ti catalyst
Authors: Marin Maria Minodora , Biru Iuliana Elena , Stavarache Cristina Elena , Avramescu Sorin Marius , Vasilievici Gabriel , Marinoiu Adriana , Dumitru Marius , Devred Francois , Gaigneaux Eric M. , Verziu Marian Nicolae 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA series of activated carbon supported Ti-3,3′-ethylen bis(3,4-dihydro-2H-1,3-benzoxazine) complex catalysts (denoted Ti-Bz (0.25)/AC, Ti-Bz(0.37)/AC, and Ti-Bz (0.5)/AC) was evaluated in the conversion of limonene to limonene diol using H2O2 as oxidant. The opening of oxazine ring as a step to the titanium complex formation was highlighted, as far as we are aware, for the first time, by NMR analysis. A range of characterization methods, including SEM–EDS, nitrogen physisorption, ATR-FTIR, and XRD, showed that the procedure used in the preparation of these materials was reproducible. Parameters affecting the catalytic performances in the production of limonene diol, such as reaction temperature, amount of catalyst tested, and its catalytic stability, were studied. Ti-Bz (0.5)/AC was the most performant catalyst leading to limonene diol yield of 36.7%. The recyclability of the catalyst was evaluated along three catalytic consecutive tests that showed no significant difference of performance compared with that of fresh catalyst.