bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to evaluate the effect of pain treatments in cancer patients: Results from a longitudinal outcomes and endpoint Italian cohort study
Authors: Corli O. , Montanari M. , Greco M.T. , Brunelli C. , Kaasa S. , Caraceni A. , Apolone G. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackgroundDealing with cancer pain implies assessing the intensity and other attributes of pain and identifying appropriate outcomes and endpoints to evaluate the effect of treatments.MethodsIn the context of an observational longitudinal prospective study, 1461 painful cancer patients were evaluated at baseline and weekly over 4 weeks. Four pain intensity (PI) measures (worst, average, least and right now: WP, AP, LP, and PRN), pain relief and patients’ satisfaction with pain treatments were recorded. Starting from these data, we extrapolated the full responder (FR) subjects, whose PI decreased by ≥2 points, or by ≥30%, or who obtained a final score of ≤5 points, according to criteria previously suggested by literature. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was used to estimate the predictive accuracy.ResultsAll the PI measures decreased from the initial to final visit: the reduction was 1.9 as WP, 1.3, 0.8 and 1.2 as AP, LP and PRN, respectively. The proportion of FR differed from 47.8% to 88.3% depending on PI measures and the criterion adopted. ROC analysis showed an acceptable accuracy of all endpoints and confirmed the cut‐offs recommended by the literature. The best criterion corresponded to a PI absolute value of ≤4 points when measured as AP.ConclusionsAll measures applied seem able to profile the evolution of pain, with some differences. This implies the need of an appropriate choice of outcomes and endpoints according to the goal and objective of the intervention under evaluation.
Comparative immunomodulatory properties of adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells conditioned media from BALB/c, C57BL/6, and DBA mouse strains
Authors: Hashemi Seyed Mahmoud , Hassan Zuhair Mohammad , Pourfathollah Ali Akbar , Soudi Sara , Shafiee Abbas , Soleimani Masoud 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAdipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD‐MSCs) have been shown to be capable of differentiating into multiple cell type and exert immunomodulatory effects. Since the selection of ideal stem cell is apparently crucial for the outcome of experimental stem cell therapies, therefore, in this study we compared AD‐MSCs conditioned media (CM) from BALB/c, C57BL/6, and DBA mouse strains. No significant difference was found in the morphology, cell surface markers, in vitro differentiation and proliferation potentials of AD‐MSCs isolated from C57BL/6, BALB/c, and DBA mice. The immunological assays showed some variation among the strains in the cytokines, nitric oxide (NO), and indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO) production and immunomodulatory effects on splenocytes functions. Our results indicated a suppression of splenocytes proliferation in the presence of AD‐MSC CM from the three inbred mouse strains. However, BALB/c CM exerted a higher suppression of splenocytes proliferation. AD‐MSCs isolated from C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice produced higher levels of TGF‐β than those from DBA mice. Furthermore, IL‐17 and IDO production was higher in AD‐MSCs isolated from BALB/c mice. Our results indicated an increased production of TGF‐β, IL‐4, IL‐10, NO, and IDO by splenocytes in response to CM from BALB/c AD‐MSCs. In conclusion, our results showed that the immunomodulatory properties of mouse AD‐MSCs is strain‐dependent and this variation should be considered during selection of appropriate stem cell source for in vivo experiments and stem cell therapy strategies. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 955–965, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Relationships between aerosols and precipitation in the southern Appalachian Mountains
Authors: Kelly G. M. , Taubman B. F. , Perry L. B. , Sherman J. P. , Soulé P. T. , Sheridan P. J. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThere are many uncertainties associated with aerosol‐precipitation interactions, particularly in mountain regions where a variety of processes at different spatial scales influence precipitation patterns. Statistical relationships between aerosols and precipitation were examined in the southern Appalachian Mountains to determine the seasonal and synoptic influences on these relationships, as well as the influence of air mass source region. Precipitation events were identified based on regional precipitation data and classified using a synoptic classification scheme developed for this study and published in a separate manuscript (Kelly et al. 2012). Hourly aerosol data were collected at the Appalachian Atmospheric Interdisciplinary Research (AppalAIR) facility at Appalachian State University in Boone, NC (1110 m asl, 36.215°, –81.680°). Backward air trajectories provided information on upstream atmospheric characteristics and source regions. During the warm season (June–September), greater aerosol loading dominated by larger particles was observed, whereas cool season (November–April) precipitation events exhibited overall lower aerosol loading with an apparent influence from biomass burning particles. A significant relationship between aerosol optical properties and precipitation intensity was observed, which may be indicative of aerosol‐induced precipitation enhancement in each season, particularly during warm season non‐frontal precipitation.
Oxidation Kinetics of Simvastatin Using Cetyltrimethylammonium Dichromate
Authors: Sahoo Prangya Rani , Patel Sabita , Mishra B. K. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThis article reports an attempt on the studies on resistance of oxidative stress by the prodrug, simvastatin (SV). Cetyltrimethylammonium dichromate has been used as a lipid compatible oxidant to study the oxidation kinetics of SV in organic media. The reaction undergoes via an ionic mechanism without any side product. The reaction is found to be acid catalyzed and sensitive to solvent polarity. The increase in the rate constant due to an increase in hydrophobicity (apolarity) of the solvent indicates the existence of a less polar transition state. Furthermore, the decrease in the rate constant due to an increase in [CTAB] suggests partitioning of the substrates and the oxidants into two different domains with different polar characteristics akin to a reversed micellar aggregates. Considering the above results and the thermodynamic parameters, a reaction mechanism has been proposed, wherein a complex formed at the interface of the two domains due to the reactant and the oxidant in a fast process decomposes to the products in a slow process in the nonpolar bulk.
Synthesis and characterization of a novel ambipolar polymer semiconductor based on a fumaronitrile core as an electron‐withdrawing group
Authors: Jeong Hyung‐Gu , Khim Dongyoon , Jung Eunhwan , Yun Jin‐Mun , Kim Juhwan , Ku Jamin , Jang Yun Hee , Kim Dong‐Yu 
Published: December 2012

AbstractTwo conjugated polymers containing stilbene and fumaronitrile moieties were synthesized to investigate their electronic properties by the existence of electron‐withdrawing cyano groups on a vinylene backbone. The cyclic voltammetry investigation and time‐dependent density functional theory calculations indicated that the cyano substituents lowered the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level by about 0.65 and 0.63 eV, respectively. The lowering of the LUMO energy levels due to the electron‐withdrawing properties of the cyano substituents could enhance electron injection capability. Furthermore, bithiophene‐fumaronitrile (donor‐acceptor) intermolecular interaction facilitates the self‐assembly of the polymer chains. Organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) based on PBTSB without the electron‐withdrawing group only exhibit hole transport, while OFETs based on PBTFN with cyano substituents exhibit ambipolar characteristics. The growth of PBTFN crystalline fibrils was observed with increasing annealing temperature, which enhanced hole and electron mobility. A complementary‐like inverter using PBTFN with ambipolar properties exhibited good symmetry with an inverting voltage nearly half that of the power supply with a gain of 9 at VDD = 100 V. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013
Hollow spheres of aromatic polyamide prepared by reaction‐induced phase separation
Authors: Fujitsu Yuji , Nakayama Hirofumi , Uchida Tetsuya , Yamazaki Shinichi , Kimura Kunio 
Published: December 2012

AbstractHollow spheres of aromatic polyamide are obtained by the reaction‐induced phase separation during polymerization of 5‐hydroxyisophthalic acid and 1,4‐phenylene diamine in an aromatic solvent at a concentration of 1–2% at 320 °C without stirring. The hollow sphere has a dimple hole and the diameters of the hollow spheres are 3–4 μm. The droplets are initially generated via liquid–liquid phase separation and then rigid cross‐linked network structure formed the rigid skin layer on the surface of the droplets. The solidification of the droplets occurred owing to the further polymerization in them with maintaining the morphology to form the hollow spheres. The hollow spheres exhibit outstanding thermal stability. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013
Structural properties of Si/SiO2 nanostructures grown by decomposition of substoichiometric SiOxNy layers for photovoltaic applications
Authors: Roczen Maurizio , Laades Abdelazize , Schade Martin , Barthel Thomas , Ordeñez Jose , Töfflinger Jan Amaru , Malguth Enno , Ruske Florian , Leendertz Caspar , Korte Lars , Leipner Hartmut S. , Rech Bernd 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe structural properties of crystalline Si nanodots embedded in a SiO2 matrix are investigated with respect to the exploitation of quantum confinement effects (QCE) in Si solar cells. The nanostructures are grown on crystalline Si (c‐Si) wafers by decomposition of substoichiometric SiOxNy layers with various [O]/[Si] ratios. Cross‐sectional high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy investigations reveal the formation of separated single crystalline nanodots with diameters below 5 nm inside the SiOxNy volume and directly on the c‐Si wafer. The density and diameter of the nanodots decreases with increasing [O]/[Si] ratio, leading to inter‐dot distances above 10 nm for [O]/[Si]>1.3. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra are blue‐shifted relative to the Si bulk PL, which is in good agreement with theoretical QCE models. It is found that for observing the PL signal the nanodots must be covered by a SiO2 shell to reduce charge carrier recombination via defects at the nanodot surface. This requires an [O]/[Si] ratio >0.5 for which the inter‐dot distance becomes too large for charge carrier transport between the nanodots. It is concluded that a better control over the nanodot formation at high [O]/[Si] ratios has to be achieved before QCE can be successfully applied in Si solar cell devices.
How valid and applicable are current diagnostic criteria and assessment methods for dentin hypersensitivity? An overview
Authors: Gernhardt Christian R. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectivesAlthough dentin hypersensitivity is a common clinical condition and is generally reported by the patient after experiencing a sharp, short pain caused by one of several different external stimuli, it is often inadequately understood. The purpose of this paper is to discuss different available diagnostic approaches and assessment methods used in order to suggest a basis to diagnose, monitor, and measure these challenging painful conditions related to dentin hypersensitivity in daily practice and scientific projects properly.Material and methodsA PubMed literature search strategy including the following MeSH terms were used as follows: “dentin sensitivity”[MeSH Terms] OR “dentin”[All Fields] AND “sensitivity”[All Fields] OR “dentin sensitivity”[All Fields] OR “dentin”[All Fields] AND “hypersensitivity”[All Fields] OR “dentin hypersensitivity”[All Fields] AND “diagnosis”[Subheading] OR “diagnosis”[All Fields] OR “diagnosis”[MeSH Terms] AND “assessment”[All Fields] AND (“methods”[Subheading] OR “methods”[All Fields] OR “methods”[MeSH Terms]. Furthermore, alternative terms such as “validity,” “reliability,” “root,” “cervical,” “diagnostic criteria,” and “hypersensitivities” were additionally evaluated.ResultsThe literature search, also including the alternative terms and journals, revealed only a small number of specific papers related to valid diagnosis, diagnostic criteria, and assessment methods of dentin hypersensitivity. Outcomes from these publications showed that the response to different stimuli varies substantially from one person to another and is, due to individual factors, often difficult to assess correctly. Furthermore, the cause of the reported pain can vary, and the patient’s description of the history, symptoms, and discomfort might be different from one to another, not allowing a reliable and valid diagnosis.ConclusionsThe dental practitioner, using a variety of diagnostic and measurement techniques each day, will often have difficulties in differentiating dentin hypersensitivity from other painful conditions and in evaluating the success of a conducted therapy in a reliable way.Clinical relevanceCorrect diagnosis of dentin hypersensitivity including a patient’s history screening and a brief clinical examination in combination with the identification of etiologic and predisposing factors, particularly dietary and oral hygiene habits associated with erosion and abrasion, is essential. The relevant differential diagnosis should be considered to exclude all other dental conditions with similar pain symptoms.
Perceived support from adults, interactions with police, and adolescents' depressive symptomology: An examination of sex, race, and social class
Authors: Tummala‐Narra Pratyusha , Sathasivam‐Rueckert Nina 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTSeveral risk factors, including female sex, racial minority status, and family poverty, have been implicated in adolescents' depression. The present study focused on the role of one specific aspect of adolescents' ecological context, interactions with adults, in depressive symptomology. We examined the relationship between perceived support from adult family members and adults at school and depressive symptomology, and the relationship between negative interactions with police and depressive symptomology among adolescents, across sex, race, and social class. Participants included 707 adolescents (349 boys and 358 girls) from an urban high school. Analyses revealed that perceived support from adult family members was negatively associated with depressive symptoms, that negative interactions with police were positively associated with depressive symptoms, and that these relationships varied with respect to sex, race, and social class. The implications of the findings for research and practice with adolescents are discussed.
First‐generation neuronal precursors in the crayfish brain are not self‐renewing
Authors: Benton Jeanne L. , Chaves da Silva Paula Grazielle , Sandeman David C. , Beltz Barbara S. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAdult‐born neurons in crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) are the progeny of 1st‐generation precursor cells (functionally analogous to neuronal stem cells in vertebrates) that are located in a neurogenic niche on the ventral surface of the brain. The daughters of these precursor cells migrate along the processes of bipolar niche cells to proliferation zones in the cell clusters where the somata of the olfactory interneurons reside. Here they divide again, producing offspring that differentiate into olfactory local and projection neurons. The features of this neuronal assembly line, and the fact that it continues to function when the brain is isolated and perfused or maintained in organotypic culture, provide opportunities unavailable in other organisms to explore the sequence of cellular and molecular events leading to the production of new neurons in adult brains. Further, we have determined that the 1st‐generation precursor cells are not a self‐renewing population, and that the niche is, nevertheless, not depleted as the animals grow and age. We conclude, therefore, that the niche is not a closed system and that there must be an extrinsic source of neuronal stem cells. Based on in vitro studies demonstrating that cells extracted from the hemolymph are attracted to the niche, as well as the intimate relationship between the niche and vasculature, we hypothesize that the hematopoietic system is a likely source of these cells.
Sensitivity and specificity of ventromedial prefrontal cortex tests in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia
Authors: Bertoux Maxime , Funkiewiez Aurélie , O'Callaghan Claire , Dubois Bruno , Hornberger Michael 
Published: December 2012

BackgroundBehavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is characterized by early and substantial ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) dysfunction. To date, however, there is no consensus regarding which tests are most sensitive and specific to assess VMPFC dysfunction in this condition.MethodsIn this study we compared the sensitivity and specificity of four common VMPFC specific tests (Mini‐SEA, Go/No‐Go Subtest of the Frontal Assessment Battery, Reversal‐Learning Test, and Iowa Gambling Task) at first clinic presentation in two neurodegenerative cohorts (bvFTD, Alzheimer's disease) and age‐matched, healthy controls.ResultsWe found that the Mini‐SEA, evaluating theory of mind and emotion processes, emerged as the most sensitive and specific of the VMPFC tests employed. The Mini‐SEA alone successfully distinguished bvFTD and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in >82% of subjects at first presentation. Similarly, the FAB Go/No‐Go and Reversal‐Learning Tests also showed very good discrimination power, but to a lesser degree. The Iowa Gambling Task, one of the most common measures of VMPFC function, was the least specific of these tests.ConclusionSensitivity to detect VMPFC dysfunction was high across all test employed, but specificity varied considerably. The Mini‐SEA emerged as the most promising of the VMPFC‐specific diagnostic tests. Clinicians should take into account the variable specificity of currently available VMPFC tests, which can complement current carer‐based questionnaires and clinical evaluation to improve the diagnosis of behavioral dysfunctions due to VMPFC dysfunction.
Lyapunov spectrum of invariant subbundles of the Hodge bundle
Authors: FORNI GIOVANNI , MATHEUS CARLOS , ZORICH ANTON 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWe study the Lyapunov spectrum of the Kontsevich–Zorich cocycle on SL(2,ℝ)-invariant subbundles of the Hodge bundle over the support of SL(2,ℝ)-invariant probability measures on the moduli space of Abelian differentials. In particular, we prove formulas for partial sums of Lyapunov exponents in terms of the second fundamental form (the Kodaira–Spencer map) of the Hodge bundle with respect to the Gauss–Manin connection and investigate the relations between the central Oseledets subbundle and the kernel of the second fundamental form. We illustrate our conclusions in two special cases.
Approaching the Mughal Past in Indian Art Criticism: The case of MARG (1946 –1963)
Authors: SINGH DEVIKA 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe paper examines the model value of the Mughal period in MARG, the leading art journal of 1940s and 1950s India. It combines a discussion of some of the key historiographical questions of Indian art history and the role played by specific art historians, including European exiles who were among the contributors to the journal, with broader questions on the interaction of national cultural identity with global modernism. In this context, the Mughal period—celebrated in MARG for its synthesis of foreign and indigenous styles—was consistently put forward as an example for contemporary artists and architects. From its inception in 1946 until the 1960s the review favoured a return to the spirit of India's prestigious artistic past, but not to its form. Its editorials and articles followed a clearly anti-revivalist and cosmopolitan line. It aimed at redressing misunderstandings that had long undermined the history of Indian art and surmounting the perceived tensions in art and architecture between a so-called Indian style and a modern, international one.
An implausible model and evolutionary explanation of the revenge motive
Authors: Gintis Herbert 
Published: December 2012

AbstractMcCullough et al.'s target article is a psychological version of the reputation models pioneered by biologist Robert Trivers (1971) and economist Robert Frank (1988). The authors, like Trivers and Frank, offer an implausible explanation of the fact that revenge is common even when there are no possible reputational effects. I sketch a more plausible model based on recent research.
Why so complex? Emotional mediation of revenge, forgiveness, and reconciliation
Authors: Aureli Filippo , Schaffner Colleen M. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractHumans have the cognitive abilities to implement the revenge and forgiveness systems hypothesized by McCullough et al., but the evidence suggests that simpler processes may underlie most revenge cases in humans and other animals. The mediating role of emotions can be at the basis of the flexibility needed in the hypothesized systems and the associated assessment of social relationships.
Multistructural hot spot characterization with FTProd
Authors: Votapka Lane , Amaro Rommie E. 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Summary: Computational solvent fragment mapping is typically performed on a single structure of a protein to identify and characterize binding sites. However, the simultaneous analysis of several mutant structures or frames of a molecular dynamics simulation may provide more realistic detail about the behavior of the sites. Here we present a plug-in for Visual Molecular Dynamics that streamlines the comparison of the binding configurations of several FTMAP-generated structures.
Availability: FTProd is a freely available and open-source plug-in that can be downloaded at http://amarolab.ucsd.edu/ftprod
Contact: ramaro@ucsd.edu
Supplementary Information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online
The use of the relationships between environmental factors and benthic macrofaunal distribution in the establishment of a baseline for coastal management
Authors: Dutertre Mickaël , Hamon Dominique , Chevalier Claire , Ehrhold Axel 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Dutertre, M., Hamon D., Chevalier C., and Ehrhold, A. 2013. The use of the relationships between environmental factors and benthic macrofaunal distribution in the establishment of a baseline for coastal management – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: 294–308. Relationships between benthic macrofauna and natural abiotic factors were studied along the coastal fringe of South Brittany, situated north of the Gulf of Biscay on the French Atlantic continental shelf. Within the framework of the REBENT network, sediment characteristics, depth, and macrofaunal abundance were determined for 95 stations spread over five subtidal sectors, using a combination of seabed acoustic remote sensing systems and grab sampling. The physico-chemical properties of the water column and the hydrodynamic conditions were generated by validated three-dimensional environmental models which take into account variations over shorter temporal scales. Multivariate analyses ranked 16 natural abiotic variables according to the significance of their influence on the macrofauna. Together these variables explained 51% of spatial variation in the macrofauna, with morpho-sedimentological and hydrological factors contributing 22% and 26%, respectively. The outputs from validated three-dimensional environmental models appear to be useful interpretational tools for benthic ecology studies, especially in estuarine and coastal ecosystems with high environmental variability due to regular freshwater inputs. Ten major species assemblages were identified using biological and physical characteristics. The results provide important baseline knowledge for future ecosystem and resource management.