bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The web-buffet – development and validation of an online tool to measure food choice
Authors: Bucher Tamara , Keller Carmen 
Published: November 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo date, no data exist on the agreement of food choice measured using an online tool with subsequent actual consumption. This needs to be shown before food choice, measured by means of an online tool, is used as a dependent variable to examine intake in the general population.DesignA ‘web-buffet’ was developed to assess food choice.SettingChoice was measured as planned meal composition from photographic material; respondents chose preferred foods and proportions for a main meal (out of a possible 144 combinations) online and the validity was assessed by comparison of a meal composed from a web-buffet with actual food intake 24–48 h later. Furthermore, correlations of food preferences, energy needs and health interest with meals chosen from the web-buffet were analysed.SubjectsStudents:n106 (Study I),n32 (Study II).ResultsMeals chosen from the web-buffet (mean=2998 kJ,sd=471 kJ) agreed with actual consumption (rs=0·63,P<0·001) but were on average 367 kJ (10·5 %) lower in energy than consumed meals (mean=3480 kJ,sd=755 kJ). Preferences were highly associated with chosen amounts and health interest was negatively correlated with the energy selected (rs=−0·40,P<0·001).ConclusionsMeal composition choice in the web-buffet agrees sufficiently well with actual intake to measure food choice as a dependent variable in online surveys. However, we found an average underestimation of subsequent consumption. High correlations of preferences with chosen amounts and an inverse association of health interest with total energy further indicate the validity of the tool. Applications in behavioural nutrition research are discussed.
Rapid detection of single bacteria in unprocessed blood using Integrated Comprehensive Droplet Digital Detection
Authors: Kang Dong-Ku , Ali M. Monsur , Zhang Kaixiang , Huang Susan S. , Peterson Ellena , Digman Michelle A. , Gratton Enrico , Zhao Weian 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBlood stream infection or sepsis is a major health problem worldwide, with extremely high mortality, which is partly due to the inability to rapidly detect and identify bacteria in the early stages of infection. Here we present a new technology termed ‘Integrated Comprehensive Droplet Digital Detection’ (IC 3D) that can selectively detect bacteria directly from milliliters of diluted blood at single-cell sensitivity in a one-step, culture- and amplification-free process within 1.5–4 h. The IC 3D integrates real-time, DNAzyme-based sensors, droplet microencapsulation and a high-throughput 3D particle counter system. Using Escherichia coli as a target, we demonstrate that the IC 3D can provide absolute quantification of both stock and clinical isolates of E. coli in spiked blood within a broad range of extremely low concentration from 1 to 10,000 bacteria per ml with exceptional robustness and limit of detection in the single digit regime.
Hybrid power electronic controller for combined operation of constant power and maximum power point tracking for single‐phase grid‐tied photovoltaic systems
Authors: Dharmaian Retnam Binu Ben Jose , Nanjappa Gounder Ammasai Gounden , Ammasai Gounden Vasanth 
Published: November 2014

This study presents a hybrid technique that offers constant power operation for single‐phase grid‐tied photovoltaic (PV) systems while performing maximum power point tracking function. A boost converter and a line commutated inverter (LCI) have been used for interfacing PV array with utility grid. Fixed firing angle of the LCI keeps the dc‐link voltage constant and the boost converter extracts maximum power from the solar PV array by simply adjusting the duty ratio of the boost converter. A low‐capacity battery bank connected at the dc link is used to deliver constant power to grid. Harmonic filter is eliminated as the system inherently delivers quality supply with reduced current harmonics. PIC microcontrollers have been programmed for generating pulses to the inverter and the boost converter. The system has been simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and the simulation results are presented. The parameters of a PV panel rated for 100 W, 21.5 V and 6.83 A have been used for the simulation. Experiments have been conducted on the 21.5 V, 6.83 A PV panel for obtaining a constant power of 80 W with varying irradiation and the results correlate with the simulation study.
Accurate Identification of Active Transcriptional Regulatory Elements from Global Run-On and Sequencing Data
Authors: Danko Charles G. , Hyland Stephanie L. , Core Leighton J. , Martins Andre L. , Waters Colin T. , Lee Hyung Won , Cheung Vivian G. , Kraus W. Lee , Lis John T. , Siepel Adam 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIdentification of the genomic regions that regulate transcription remains an important open problem. We have recently shown that global run-on and sequencing (GRO-seq) with enrichment for 5'-capped RNAs reveals patterns of divergent transcription that accurately mark active transcriptional regulatory elements (TREs), including enhancers and promoters. Here, we demonstrate that active TREs can be identified with comparable accuracy by applying sensitive machine-learning methods to standard GRO-seq and PRO-seq data, allowing TREs to be assayed together with transcription levels, elongation rates, and other transcriptional features, in a single experiment. Our method, calleddiscriminativeRegulatoryElement detection fromGRO-seq (dREG), summarizes GRO-seq read counts at multiple scales and uses support vector regression to predict active TREs. The predicted TREs are strongly enriched for marks associated with functional elements, including H3K27ac, transcription factor binding sites, eQTLs, and GWAS-associated SNPs. Using dREG, we survey TREs in eight cell types and provide new insights into global patterns of TRE assembly and function.
Development of electro‐optical PCBs with polymer waveguides for high‐speed intra‐system interconnects
Authors: Immonen Marika , Wu Jinhua , Juan Yan Hui , Chen Peifeng , Xiong Xu Jian , Rapala‐Virtanen Tarja 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study fabrication of optical‐PCBs on panel scale boards in a conventional modern PCB process environment. It evaluates impacts on board design and manufacturing with the developed optical board verifiers outlining challenges and requirements for manufacturing low‐loss waveguide structures and optical building blocks. The study aims to expand the current knowledge in the field by adding results obtained by utilizing industrial production infrastructure and developed scalable manufacturing processes to fabricate optical‐PCBs and board assemblies in high‐volumes and low‐cost manner.Design/methodology/approachImpacts on board design and manufacturing were studied with the developed optical technology verifiers. One verifier is optical‐PCB with embedded waveguides, integrated i/o couplers and optical vias. Another verifier is large size PCB with optical layer. A system‐level optical board assembly with 12.5 Gb/s Tx/Rx devices on surface mounted ball grid array (BGA) modules is designed for optical link analysis. Fabricated optical structures on verifiers are evaluated of their physical characteristics utilizing optical, SEM, LSCM analysis methods. Performance testing is conducted using standard optical transmission measurement methods and equipment.FindingsThe paper provides empirical results about fabrication of multimode optical waveguides with conventional PCB process equipment. Results suggest that current coating and imaging equipments are capable of producing optical waveguide patterns with high resolution and size accuracy. However, fabricators would require larger process window and defect tolerance for processing optical materials to obtain low‐loss waveguides with sufficient yields.Research limitations/implicationsBecause of the limited amount of design variants in production verifiers evaluated in this paper, some impacts like effect of base material, board construction, optical layer location and beam coupling solution were not evaluated. Likewise, impacts on long‐term stability and cost were not addressed. These factors however require further investigation to address technical feasibility of optical PCBs technology prior commercial high volume production.Practical implicationsThe paper includes implications for the development of a fabrication methods and testing procedures for optical polymer waveguide layers on PCBs.Originality/valueThis paper fulfils need to provide results on design, fabrication and characterization of optical PCBs and backplanes from industrial fabricator's perspective. The paper provides input for end‐user and developers to evaluate technical performance, robustness, and maturity of building blocks and supply chain to support polymer waveguide based technology for intra‐system optical links.
Initial studies to optimise the sonochemical surface modification of a high Tg laminate
Authors: Mkhlef Bilal , Cobley Andy , Paniwnyk Larysa , Mason Tim 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop an optimised sonochemical surface modification process which could be operated at low temperature and which uses non‐hazardous chemistry with short treatment times. A range of sonochemical parameters such as ultrasonic intensity/power and process temperature were investigated.Design/methodology/approachA 20 kHz ultrasonic probe was used as the ultrasonic source. Ultrasound was applied through deionised water (DI) to sonochemically surface modify a high Tg epoxy laminate material (Isola 370 HR). The efficiency of the sonochemical surface modification process was determined by weight loss, roughness, adhesion and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).FindingsThis study has confirmed that ultrasound has the ability to surface modify a high Tg epoxy substrate material (Isola 370 HR). Weight loss and roughness values were increased by using an optimised ultrasonic process compared to control samples which were processed under “silent” conditions. Adhesion testing showed an improvement in the adhesion level between the surface and the subsequently electroless plated copper.Originality/valueSurface modification of high Tg materials generally utilizes wet chemical methods. These processes involve using hazardous chemicals, high temperatures, require high volumes of water for rinsing and need relatively long immersion times. This research has shown that by optimising ultrasonic parameters, surface modification can be brought about in deionised water (DI) at low temperature.
Algorithm‐based, drive design for a ventricular assist device
Authors: Pohlmann André , Leßmann Marc , Hameyer Kay 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe a design process for a drive of a ventricular assist device (VAD) under the consideration of constraints given by the application. In this case, these constraints are the possibility to implant the VAD system, providing a sufficient perfusion of the human body and cutting down development costs.Design/methodology/approachIn the described approach an optimization algorithm is integrated in the initial stage of the design process for a drive system.FindingsDuring simulations the optimum drive design under the implantation constraints of the given VAD system is found. The key constraints of this design, which are torque, axial force and losses, are validated during initial test bench measurements of a drive prototype.Practical implicationsThe described design process enables an optimum drive design from the beginning of a VAD development. This reduces the time to initial and chronic in vivo test, which are required to be approved for the market later. Therefore, this approach cuts development and device costs. Additionally, this design process can be transferred for the design of other drive concepts and applications.Originality/valueThe developed and proved method in this paper enables a competitive and reliable drive design.
Effect of the wall structure on the level of the radiated electric field due to indoor PLC circuit
Authors: Arnautovski‐Toševa Vesna , El Khamlichi Drissi Khalil , Kerroum Kamal 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a frequency domain analysis of high frequency behaviour of an indoor Powerline communications (PLC) circuit in the presence of a plaster board/concrete wall structure. The main purpose of this analysis is to investigate the influence of the wall structure on the current distribution and the radiated electric field due to PLC signals in range from 3 MHz to 30 MHz.Design/methodology/approachThe mathematical model is based on the full‐wave theory formulated by the Mixed Potential Integral Equation (MPIE) for the electric field due to energized thin‐wire conductors in stratified media. The solution for the current and the electric field distribution is obtained by using the Method of Moments.FindingsNumerical results are obtained of the current distribution along the conductors of the PLC circuit and the radiated electric field in presence of a wall structure. Two cases are analyzed: when the circuitry is placed in the wall; and when the circuitry is placed outside the wall.Practical implicationsThe paper presents the mathematical model that may be applied for analysis of indoor PLC circuits placed in presence of wall structures.Originality/valueIn the paper, a full‐wave model of the PLC circuitry in presence of a wall structure is developed, on the basis of MPIE and the Method of Moments.
Estimation of simulated transfer function to discriminate axial displacement and radial deformation of transformer winding
Authors: Karimifard Peyman , Gharehpetian G.B. , Javid Ghanizadeh Ahmad , Tenbohlen Stefan 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe transfer function (TF) method is a reliable tool for the detection of the transformer winding deformation and displacement. One of the most important problems is the discrimination between these mechanical defects using a measured TF. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a new method based on the TF estimation, to detect the type of the mechanical defects in high voltage inhomogeneous winding of a power transformer, i.e. the winding is not homogeneous and has interleaved and inverted disks.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology of this paper is based on the estimation of the TF and in normal and defected cases can be properly achieved using vector fitting method. To study the mechanical defects, the detailed model of the transformer is in the frequency range of kHz<f.FindingsIn this paper, comparison of Nyquist diagrams of the estimated TF curves result in a new discrimination method between mechanical defects and localization of the deformed section in the transformer winding. The interpretation of the TF changes is based on comparison of the Nyquist diagrams in a selected frequency range.Originality/valueThis paper suggests new discrimination method between mechanical defects and localization of the deformed section in the transformer winding which is based on the TF estimation.
Analysis of QoS for DVB‐RCS‐based IP network
Authors: Jasola Sanjay , Kinshuk  
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe internet has been used to transport data in the form of packet. Multimedia applications including voice and video are being sent using the internet. In the past, the internet did not support any kind of sophisticated quality of service (QoS) mechanism. Although the type of service (ToS) field in the internet protocol (IP) header has been present and allowed the differentiated treatment of packets, it was never really used on a large‐scale. IP applications have been mostly used on terrestrial networks so far. This paper aims to describe the architecture of a DVB‐RCS based satellite network supporting interactive and multimedia applications.Design/methodology/apporachThe use of TCP/IP has made it possible to have two way communication using open standard satellite networks based on digital video broadcast return channel via satellite (DVB‐RCS). The voice and video are sensitive to delay and jitter so bandwidth must be guaranteed while transporting it. With the extensive use of IP for carrying voice and video, there is a need to add QoS functionality in satellite networks. The performance of data transfer using voice and video with reference to QoS parameters in satellite network is analyzed in this paper.FindingsThe results show that satellite networks based on DVB‐RCS can carry voice and video traffic and offer good quality of service in terms of packet loss and jitter but are poor in quality in terms of packet delay.Originality/valueThis paper describes the architecture of a DVB‐RCS based satellite network supporting interactive and multimedia applications.
Risks and benefits of selective (re)presentation of interviewees' talk: some insights from discourse analysis
Authors: MacLeod Nicci J. 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the quality of evidence collected during interview. Current UK national guidance on the interviewing of victims and witnesses recommends a phased approach, allowing the interviewee to deliver their free report before any questioning takes place, and stipulating that during this free report the interviewee should not be interrupted. Interviewers, therefore, often find it necessary during questioning to reactivate parts of the interviewee's free report for further elaboration.Design/methodology/approachThe first section of this paper draws on a collection of police interviews with women reporting rape, and discusses one method by which this is achieved – the indirect quotation of the interviewee by the interviewer – exploring the potential implications for the quality of evidence collected during this type of interview. The second section of the paper draws on the same data set and concerns itself with a particular method by which information provided by an interviewee has its meaning “fixed” by the interviewer.FindingsIt is found that “formulating” is a recurrent practice arising from the need to clarify elements of the account for the benefit of what is termed the “overhearing audience” – in this context, the police scribe, CPS, and potentially the Court. Since the means by which this “fixing” is achieved necessarily involves the foregrounding of elements of the account deemed to be particularly salient at the expense of other elements which may be entirely deleted, formulations are rarely entirely neutral. Their production, therefore, has the potential to exert undue interviewer influence over the negotiated “final version” of interviewees' accounts.Originality/valueThe paper highlights the fact that accurate re‐presentations of interviewees' accounts are a crucial tool in ensuring smooth progression of interviews and that re‐stated speech and formulation often have implications for the quality of evidence collected during significant witness interviews.
PLEM: a Web 2.0 driven Long Tail aggregator and filter for e‐learning
Authors: Amine Chatti Mohamed , Anggraeni  , Jarke Matthias , Specht Marcus , Maillet Katherine 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe personal learning environment driven approach to learning suggests a shift in emphasis from a teacher‐driven knowledge‐push to a learner‐driven knowledge‐pull learning model. One concern with knowledge‐pull approaches is knowledge overload. The concepts of collective intelligence and the Long Tail provide a potential solution to help learners cope with the problem of knowledge overload. The paper aims to address these issues.Design/methodology/approachBased on these concepts, the paper proposes a filtering mechanism that taps the collective intelligence to help learners find quality in the Long Tail, thus overcoming the problem of knowledge overload.FindingsThe paper presents theoretical, design, and implementation details of PLEM, a Web 2.0 driven service for personal learning management, which acts as a Long Tail aggregator and filter for learning.Originality/valueThe primary aim of PLEM is to harness the collective intelligence and leverage social filtering methods to rank and recommend learning entities.
Chaotic dynamics and chaos control in differentiated Bertrand model with heterogeneous players
Authors: Hu Rong , Xia Hong‐shan 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the chaotic dynamics behaviours and chaos control of differentiated Bertrand model.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyzes a nonlinear differentiated Bertrand duopoly game by using the theory of bifurcations of dynamical system, where players have heterogeneous expectations and nonlinear cost function: two types of players are considered – bounded rational and naive expectation. The equilibrium point and local stability of the duopoly game are investigated.FindingsThe paper demonstrates that as some parameters of the game are varied, the stability of Nash equilibrium is lost through period doubling bifurcation. The chaotic features are justified numerically via computing Lyapunov exponents, and sensitive dependence on initial conditions. By using the delay feedback control method, the authors have made the system form chaotic state to stable state.Originality/valueThis paper fulfils an identified need to study the diversity of expectations and how to lead to rich dynamics and complexity.
Privacy preserving method based on GM(1,1) and its application to clustering
Authors: Guo Kun , Zhang Qishan 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a privacy preserving method based on grey model and apply it to clustering, so that the privacy of the individuals can be protected while the information loss is kept low.Design/methodology/approachGM(1,1) model is utilized reversely in the approach to add noise to the original data, so as to make use of the grey information to blur the true one.FindingsIt is shown that the privacy preserving method based on grey model can achieve both high effectiveness and high efficiency.Originality/valueThe paper presents the first attempt to apply the grey model to protect data privacy. The experimental results show the effectiveness and the efficiency of the proposed method.
Identification and evaluation of active fault in the reservoir head of Three Gorges Project based on grey statistical model
Authors: Zhang Jun , Liu Zuqiang , Liu Yanjie , Liu Yong 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to apply grey statistical model to identify and classify live fault rupture.Design/methodology/approachBased on grey statistical mode, this paper uses eight faults' ripping speed observation data from 1997 to 2001, according to the grey statistics method for analysis, and recognizes active fault rupture situation. Using the conventional methods, namely taking all faults monitoring stations' average dislocation rate to analysis and make judgment, the average results are obtained.FindingsThe results show that the results are closer to reality because the grey statistical evaluation method has considered dislocation rate and other discrete factors.Practical implicationsThe method exposed in the paper can be used to monitor and recognize live fault rupture in earthquake prediction.Originality/valueAccording to the fault dislocation rate, this paper advances active fault rupture identification and classification method based on grey statistical model.