bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Secondary production and biomass in mussel assemblages relate to species richness and stream size but not life history
Authors: Lopez Jonathan W. , Atkinson Carla L. , Burrow Angela K. , Hopper Garrett W. , Haag Wendell R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIncreases in species richness with habitat area (species–area relationship, or SAR) and increases in ecosystem function with species richness (biodiversity–ecosystem functioning, or BEF) are widely studied ecological patterns. Incorporating functional trait analysis into assemblage datasets may help clarify interpretations of SAR and BEF relationships in natural ecological systems. For example, life history theory can be used to make predictions about what species are most important in generating ecosystem function given a certain set of environmental conditions. We used quantitative assemblage data for freshwater mussels at nine sites in western Alabama, USA, to test for SAR and BEF relationships. At each site, we calculated species richness, mussel assemblage density, and two fundamental metrics of ecosystem function: biomass and secondary production. We also tested whether the proportional biomass and production contributions from species belonging to each of three life history strategies—opportunistic strategists adapted to unstable or frequently disturbed habitats, periodic strategists adapted to habitats subject to predictable large‐scale disturbances, and equilibrium strategists adapted to stable habitats—varied longitudinally with stream drainage area, a proxy for habitat area. Species richness increased with stream size (SAR), and both biomass and production increased with species richness (BEF) and mussel density. There were few longitudinal changes in the proportional contributions of the different life history strategy classifications that we used, but the invasive clam Corbicula fluminea contributed proportionally more biomass and production at sites that had smaller drainage areas. This study provides further evidence for a clear longitudinal SAR in stream‐dwelling taxa. It also suggests BEF relationships for biomass and secondary production in natural assemblages but underscores the importance of assemblage density in BEF studies that use observational field data. Variation in proportional biomass and production contributions by different life history strategies was likely limited by the size of the stream size gradient in our study, as contributions were uniformly high for species with life history traits better adapted to stable and productive habitats such as mid‐sized rivers with low or predictable hydrologic disturbance frequencies. This highlights the need to understand how organisms' functional traits govern their relationships to the environment at different scales.
Efficacy of perampanel by etiology in Japanese patients with epilepsy—subpopulation analysis of a prospective post‐marketing observational study
Authors: Nakai Miku , Nishimoto Shohei , Higashibeppu Yoichi , Inoue Yushi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the efficacy and safety of perampanel (PER) in patients with post‐stroke epilepsy (PSE), brain tumor‐related epilepsy (BTRE), and post‐traumatic epilepsy (PTE) using Japanese real‐world data.MethodsThe prospective post‐marketing observational study included patients with focal seizures with or without focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures who received PER combination therapy. The observation period was 24 or 52 weeks after the initial PER administration. The safety and efficacy analysis included 3716 and 3272 patients, respectively. This post hoc analysis examined responder rate (50% reduction in seizure frequency), seizure‐free rate (proportion of patients who achieved seizure‐free), and safety in patients included in the post‐marketing study who had PSE, BTRE, and PTE in the 4 weeks prior to the last observation.ResultsOverall, 402, 272, and 186 patients were included in the PSE, BTRE, and PTE subpopulations, and 2867 controls in the “Other” population (etiologies other than PSE, BTRE, or PTE). Mean modal dose (the most frequently administered dose) values at 52 weeks were 3.38, 3.36, 3.64, and 4.04 mg/day for PSE, BTRE, PTE, and “Other,” respectively; PER retention rates were 56.2%, 54.0%, 52.6%, and 59.7%, respectively. Responder rates (% [95% confidence interval]) were 82% (76.3%–86.5%), 78% (70.8%–83.7%), 67% (56.8%–75.6%), and 50% (47.9%–52.7%) for PSE, BTRE, PTE, and “Other,” respectively, and seizure‐free rates were 71% (64.5%–76.5%), 62% (54.1%–69.0%), 50% (40.6%–60.4%), and 28% (25.8%–30.1%), respectively. Adverse drug reactions tended to occur less frequently in the PSE (14.7%), BTRE (16.5%), and PTE (16.7%) subpopulations than in the “Other” population (26.3%).SignificanceIn real‐world clinical conditions, efficacy and tolerability for PER combination therapy were observed at low PER doses for the PSE, BTRE, and PTE subpopulations.Plain Language SummaryTo find out how well the medication perampanel works and whether it is safe for people who have epilepsy after having had a stroke, brain tumor, or head injury, we used information from real‐life medical situations in Japan. We looked at the data of about 3700 Japanese patients with epilepsy who were treated with perampanel. We found that perampanel was used at lower doses and better at controlling seizures, and had fewer side effects for patients with epilepsy caused by these etiologies than the control group.
Interval prediction of short‐term photovoltaic power based on an improved GRU model
Authors: Zhang Jing , Liao Zhuoying , Shu Jie , Yue Jingpeng , Liu Zhenguo , Tao Ran 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe accurate prediction of photovoltaic (PV) power is crucial for planning, constructing, and scheduling high‐penetration distributed PV power systems. Traditional point prediction methods suffer from instability and lack reliability, which can be effectively addressed through interval prediction. This study proposes a short‐term PV power interval prediction method based on the framework of sparrow search algorithm (SSA)‐variational mode decomposition (VMD)‐convolutional neural network (CNN)‐gate recurrent unit (GRU). First, PV data undergo similar day clustering based on permutation entropy and VMD is applied to solar radiation signals with high correlation. Then, the hyperparameters of GRU are optimized by SSA according to the comprehensive evaluation indicator of interval prediction proposed in this study. Subsequently, quantile prediction results are obtained based on CNN‐GRU using the optimal parameters from SSA optimization. Finally, the prediction interval is composed of multiple quantile prediction results. A MATLAB R2022b program is developed to compare different prediction methods. The results demonstrate that compared to single neural network methods, the proposed method effectively improves the coverage width‐based criterion. In the interval prediction of sunny and rainy similar days, the comprehensive evaluation indicators of the proposed method are only 54.3% and 37.4% of the single GRU, respectively, indicating significantly improved interval prediction accuracy.
Optimal planning of solar and wind energy systems in electricity price‐driven distribution systems considering correlated uncertain variables
Authors: Jagtap Kushal Manoharrao , Bhushan Ravi , Kuppusamy Ramya , Teekaraman Yuvaraja , Radhakrishnan Arun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe paper proposes a new stochastic multiobjective technoeconomic model for integrating photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy resources in electricity price (EP)‐driven distribution systems. The primary goal of this paper is to determine the optimal location and capacity for renewable energy‐based distributed generation, specifically PV and wind resources, while considering weather and system uncertainties. These uncertainties include stochastic variations in PV illumination intensity, wind speed, EP, and load fluctuations. To address these uncertainties, the paper employs scenario modeling techniques named as Latin hypercube sampling with Cholesky decomposition. This technique generates multiple correlated scenarios that represent uncertain variables. Subsequently, a scenario reduction technique is applied to identify the scenario with the highest probability. Later, a mathematical model is developed to minimize an objective function that encompasses various factors like system losses, node voltage deviations, the cost of purchasing power from the grid; and simultaneously maximize the total annual energy savings. The objective is to find optimal solutions that strike a balance between different objectives. To obtain an efficient optimum solution, this paper employs an effective meta‐heuristic technique named as JAYA algorithm. The results obtained by the JAYA algorithm are juxtaposed with those obtained using particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm techniques. The proposed method is evaluated using Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 33‐node and IEEE 69‐node test feeders to validate its feasibility and effectiveness. However, the effectiveness of the proposed method is not limited to any size of test systems.
A hybrid marching cubes based IsoAlpha method for interface reconstruction
Authors: Abhishek G.S. , Karagadde Shyamprasad 
Published: July 2024

SummaryIn modelling two‐phase flows, accurate representation of interfaces is crucial. A class of methods for interface reconstruction are based on isosurface extraction, which involves a non‐iterative, interpolation based approach. These approaches have been shown to be faster by an order of magnitude than the conventional PLIC schemes. In this work, we present a new isosurface extraction based interface reconstruction scheme based on the Marching Cubes algorithm (MC), which is commonly used in computer graphics for visualizing isosurfaces. The MC algorithm apriori lists and categorizes all possible interface configurations in a single grid cell into a Look Up Table (LUT), which makes this approach fast and robust. We also show that for certain interface configurations, the inverse problem of obtaining the isovalue from the cell volume fraction is not surjective, and a special treatment is required while handling these cases. We then demonstrate the capabilities of the method through benchmark cases for 2D and 3D static/dynamic interface reconstruction.
This year sees an opportunity for long‐needed oral health reforms. Cancer patients, in particular, stand to benefit
Authors: Clark Jonathan R. , Venchiarutti Rebecca L. , Dunn Masako , Manzie Tim , Russell Lesley M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe long‐standing divide in Australia between medicine and dentistry has left many with inequitable access to dental care. People with oral cancer, in particular, may have few options for dental rehabilitation after cancer treatment, even with private health insurance. However, 2024 could finally see health care reforms that address these inequities, with significant momentum building in Australia. In this Perspective, we argue for a national approach to reforms that incorporate aspects of preventive health, primary health care, Medicare Benefits Schedule item review, and the value of Private Health Insurance rebates for dental care.
Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 has major impact in prevention of suicidal covalent DNA–protein crosslink with apurinic/apyrimidinic site in cellular extracts
Authors: Lebedeva Natalia A. , Dyrkheeva Nadezhda S. , Rechkunova Nadejda I. , Lavrik Olga I. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDNA–protein crosslinks (DPC) are common DNA lesions induced by various external and endogenous agents. One of the sources of DPC is the apurinic/apyrimidinic site (AP site) and proteins interacting with it. Some proteins possessing AP lyase activity form covalent complexes with AP site‐containing DNA without borohydride reduction (suicidal crosslinks). We have shown earlier that tyrosyl‐DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) but not AP endonuclease 1 (APE1) is able to remove intact OGG1 from protein–DNA adducts, whereas APE1 is able to prevent the formation of DPC by hydrolyzing the AP site. Here we demonstrate that TDP1 can remove intact PARP2 but not XRCC1 from covalent enzyme–DNA adducts with AP‐DNA formed in the absence of APE1. We also analyzed an impact of APE1 and TDP1 on the efficiency of DPC formation in APE1−/− or TDP1−/− cell extracts. Our data revealed that APE1 depletion leads to increased levels of PARP1–DNA crosslinks, whereas TDP1 deficiency has little effect on DPC formation.
Advancing clinical interprofessional education to prepare student pharmacists for interprofessional collaborative practice
Authors: Fusco Nicholas M. , Woodruff Ashley E. , Moote Rebecca , Weber Zachary A. , Zorek Joseph A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInterprofessional education (IPE) is a pivotal force shaping the future of health care delivery. While recent studies underscore positive student experiences resulting from IPE, a critical gap remains: the scarcity of data on patient outcomes within health systems that embrace this collaborative care approach. In this focused literature review, authors with expertise in the field of IPE and interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) aimed to provide pharmacists with practical suggestions on how they can advance interprofessional patient care while also optimizing the opportunities for student pharmacists to further develop IPCP competencies. Through a knowledgeable selection of current, high‐quality publications on the topic and expert opinion, we sought to identify characteristics of high‐quality IPE in practice environments. Pharmacists, in conjunction with Schools/Colleges of Pharmacy, should aspire to attain these characteristics to ensure that graduates of Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) degree programs are entering the workforce primed to contribute to IPCP. The Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) has crafted competencies to harmonize curricula across health disciplines, with the promise of enhancing patient and population health outcomes. These competencies should serve as guiding principles for pharmacy educators as they develop and assess student pharmacists' collaborative practice skills. Pharmacists play a vital role in cultivating these skills within experiential environments. Leveraging existing pharmacy practice experiences presents an opportunity to achieve this aim effectively. As we look ahead, the future of health professional training must prioritize measuring the impact of IPE on patient outcomes. In this transformative landscape, IPE stands ready to mold the next generation of team‐based, patient‐centered care.
Evaluation of plant‐derived biomaterials for the development of tissue‐engineered corneal substitutes
Authors: Badawy Hadeel A. E. , Osman Ahmed , Ahmed Tamer A. E. , Hincke Maxwell T. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCorneal blindness affects over 10 million patients worldwide. Due to the limited supply of donor corneas and frequent graft failure, bioengineered alternatives are crucial. To overcome drawbacks associated with corneal substitutes from synthetic biomaterials, fabrication from plant‐derived biomaterials is a potential alternative. Herein, soy protein and glutenin in combination with different crosslinkers were evaluated for fabrication of corneal substitutes. Optical, mechanical, and biochemical properties of fabricated constructs and control rabbit corneas were evaluated in vitro. Soy protein crosslinked with peroxidase/H202 possessed transparency and mechanical properties comparable to controls, although their water content and biocompatibility were inferior. In contrast, soy protein crosslinked with tannic acid showed similar water content, tensile strength, and biocompatibility as rabbit corneas; however, these constructs displayed significantly lower transparency and higher strain to failure. Finally, glutenin cross‐linked using formaldehyde showed excellent transparency, strain to failure, and biocompatibility, however; they exhibited significantly lower water content and tensile strength than controls. This study is the first to establish CIELAB color values for the rabbit cornea, allowing quantitative optical evaluation of tissue‐engineered substitutes. Thus, a crosslinking strategy utilizing plant‐derived proteins for fabrication of constructs with properties comparable to rabbit corneas is a promising direction for development of tissue‐engineered corneal substitutes.
The effects of submicron‐textured surface topography on antibiotic efficacy against biofilms
Authors: Khursheed Asma , Xu Li‐Chong , Siedlecki Christopher A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSubmicron‐textured surfaces have been a promising approach to mitigate biofilm development and control microbial infection. However, the use of the single surface texturing approach is still far from ideal for achieving complete control of microbial infections on implanted biomedical devices. The use of a surface topographic modification that might improve the utility of standard antibiotic therapy could alleviate the complications of biofilms on devices. In this study, we characterized the biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa on smooth and submicron‐textured polyurethane surfaces after 1, 2, 3, and 7 days, and measured the efficacy of common antibiotics against these biofilms. Results show that the submicron‐textured surfaces significantly reduced biofilm formation and growth, and that the efficacy of antibiotics against biofilms grown on textured surfaces was improved compared with smooth surfaces. The antibiotic efficacy appears to be related to the degree of biofilm development. At early time points in biofilm formation, antibiotic treatment reveals reasonably good antibiotic efficacy against biofilms on both smooth and textured surfaces, but as biofilms mature, the efficacy of antibiotics drops dramatically on smooth surfaces, with lesser decreases seen for the textured surfaces. The results demonstrate that surface texturing with submicron patterns is able to improve the use of standard antibiotic therapy to treat device‐centered biofilms by slowing the development of the biofilm, thereby offering less resistance to antibiotic delivery to the bacteria within the biofilm community.
Are healing abutments being reused in periodontics residency programs in the United States? A survey‐based study
Authors: Narvekar Aniruddh , Lakschevitz Flavia , Nares Salvador , Schmerman Michael 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeRecent studies indicate that reusing healing abutments (HAs) may pose a risk of biomaterial cross contamination among patients. The intent is to investigate whether postgraduate periodontics residency programs in the United States are reusing dental implant HAs and determine if there is a standardization in the decontamination and sterilization protocol of used HAs.MethodsAn electronic survey consisting of—seven multiple choice and/or short answer questions pertaining to the re‐use of HAs among postdoctoral periodontics programs was sent to program directors of 57 accredited dental schools in the United States via an online survey system (Qualtrics). Three follow‐up remainder emails were sent to programs that did not respond after over a 6‐month period. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.ResultsOf the 57 postdoctoral periodontics program directors contacted, only 14 responded with three programs (3/14, 21%) reported reusing HAs. Approximately, 46% stated their residents place dental implants in two stages, while ∼54% stated they used a one‐stage protocol indicating varied time exposure of HA to the oral cavity. Even in a two‐stage protocol, the extended time HA remained in situ varied from 4 weeks to 6 months. Each program reusing HAs employed a distinct decontamination approach highlighting a notable lack of standardization in practices.ConclusionThe findings from our study suggest that a minority of residency programs in the United States are reusing HAs. However, the limited number of responses leaves uncertainty regarding whether our findings underestimate the prevalence of this practice and accurately reflect the reality. Among those re‐using HAs, there seems to be a lack of standardization in their decontamination, potentially leading to cross‐contamination of residual biomaterial among patients.
Scapular morphology does not predict supraspinatus tendon tear propagation following an individualised exercise therapy programme
Authors: Nazzal Ehab M. , Mattar Luke T. , Winkler Philipp W. , Popchak Adam J. , Irrgang James J. , Lin Albert , Musahl Volker , Debski Richard E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether scapular morphology could predict isolated supraspinatus tendon tear propagation after exercise therapy. We hypothesised that a larger critical shoulder angle (CSA) and type III acromial morphology predict a positive change in tear size.MethodsFifty‐nine individuals aged 40–70 years with isolated symptomatic high‐grade partial or full‐thickness supraspinatus tendon tears were included. Individuals participated in a structured, individualised 12‐week exercise therapy programme and underwent ultrasound to measure tear size at baseline and 12 months following therapy. Computed tomography images were segmented to create three‐dimensional subject‐specific bone models and reviewed by three trained clinicians to measure CSA and to determine acromion morphology based on the Bigliani classification. A binary logistic regression was performed to determine the predictive value of CSA and acromion morphology on tear propagation.ResultsThe CSA was 30.0 ± 5.4°. Thirty‐one individuals (52.5%) had type II acromial morphology, followed by type III and type I morphologies (25.4% and 22.0%, respectively); 81.4% experienced no change in tear size, four (6.8%) individuals experienced tear propagation and seven (11.9%) individuals had a negative change in tear size. No significant difference in tear propagation rates based on CSA or acromion morphology (not significant [NS]) was observed. The model predicted tear size status in 81.4% of cases but only predicted tear propagation 8.3% of the time. Overall, CSA and acromion morphology only predicted 24.3% (R2 = 0.243) of variance in tear propagation (NS).ConclusionsCSA and acromion morphology were NS predictors of tear propagation of the supraspinatus tendon 12 months following an individualised exercise therapy programme.Level of EvidenceII.
Investigating genetic counselors' communication with Lynch syndrome patients about cascade testing: Barriers, facilitators, and strategies
Authors: Zhong Lingzi , Rodriguez Yanete , Espinel Whitney , Ozanne Elissa M. , Kaphingst Kimberly A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCascade testing is an imperative process to engage Lynch syndrome patients' at‐risk relatives in early cancer risk reduction interventions. How genetic counselors communicate about cascade testing is crucial to patients' intentions of and actual involvement in family communication. Based on data from 20 interviews with genetic counselors, this qualitative study examined their perceptions of barriers and facilitators of offering cascade testing to at‐risk relatives and the specific communication strategies they use to discuss cascade testing with patients. We identified patient‐level, genetic counselor‐level, and system‐level barriers and facilitators of having discussions with Lynch syndrome patients about cascade testing. The qualitative data also revealed four prominent communication strategies that genetic counselors use for such discussions: build rapport, reframe the benefits of family communication, adapt communication, and provide various resources. These findings highlight genetic counselors' needs of practical and structural support to facilitate their communication about cascade testing, especially when patients are hesitant or lack resources or skills to notify at‐risk relatives about cascade testing.