bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of the COVID‐19 public health response on service demand and patient perceptions in a tertiary Australian gynaecology oncology unit
Authors: Yasin Nooraishah , Yu Michael , Jones Kristen , Woolfield Anne , Hughes Ian , Nascimento Marcelo , Green Helen 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThe public health response (PHR) to the COVID‐19 pandemic significantly disrupted healthcare services worldwide. Our hospital, a major tertiary centre, is a unique two‐state service across Queensland and New South Wales (NSW).ObjectiveThe primary objective is to describe changes in service demand and delivery in our hospital resulting from the COVID‐19 PHR. The secondary objective is to investigate patient perceptions of this impact.Materials and MethodsWe performed a retrospective interrupted time series analysis and a population‐based survey to examine patient perceptions of the impact of the COVID‐19 PHR. The study periods were demarcated by the initiation of the COVID‐19 PHR on 1 March 2020 with the ‘pre’ and ‘during’ COVID‐19 periods defined as the 12 months before and after this date respectively.ResultsMore patients were seen during the COVID‐19 PHR period. The number or stage of cancer diagnoses was not different (P > 0.05). There was evidence (P = 0.03) of an increase in overall occasions of service and fewer failed attendances (P = 0.005). Fewer surgeries were performed on NSW patients (P = 0.005). The survey response rate was 19.3% (n = 185) with 48% stating that COVID‐19 had negatively affected their emotional wellbeing. More participants from NSW than Queensland identified border closures as the most significant impact of the COVID‐19 PHR.DiscussionThe COVID‐19 PHR resulted in an unexpected increase in unit service demand and delivery. The necessary implementation of telephone appointments, while less preferred by patients, sustained service requirements. Cross‐border tertiary healthcare services should consider the significant impact of border restrictions on patient wellbeing.
Racial equity, reflection, and organizational change in museums
Authors: Feinstein Noah Weeth , Hsu‐Borger Esther , Bequette Marjorie B. , Garibay Cecilia , Jones‐Rizzi Joanne , Ronning Evelyn Christian , West Corinna P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhen are equity conversations more than “just talk?” This article draws on qualitative data from two interconnected NSF‐funded studies about racial equity in museums to explore the relationship between organizational reflection and organizational change. In one study, researchers interviewed staff from 29 museums that hosted the traveling exhibition RACE: Are We So Different? In the other, staff from of the Science Museum of Minnesota (SMM) used action research to challenge their own racial equity norms and policies during and after the permanent installation of RACE. Our results reveal a sharp contrast between reflection that is strategically undertaken to produce organizational change and reflection that emerges opportunistically in response to a traveling exhibition. Yet they also show how, in rare cases, museums were able to exploit the opportunities presented by a traveling exhibition to develop and sustain equity‐oriented reflection over time.
Mass Spectrometry Identifies Taenia solium Proteins in Sera of Patients With and Without Parenchymal Neurocysticercosis
Authors: Pamela Betcy Evangeline , Patole Chhaya , Thamizhmaran Subashini , Moorthy Ranjith K. , Manoj Josephin , Thanigachalam Anupriya , Hocker James R. S. , Drevets Douglas A. , Oommen Anna , Rajshekhar Vedantam , Carabin Hélène , Vasudevan Prabhakaran 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTNeurocysticercosis (NCC), a major cause of global acquired epilepsy, results from Taenia solium larval brain infection. T. solium adult worms release large numbers of infective eggs into the environment contributing to high levels of exposure in endemic areas. This study identifies T. solium proteins in the sera of individuals with and without NCC using mass spectrometry to examine exposure in endemic regions. Forty‐seven patients (18–51 years), 24 parenchymal NCC (pNCC), 8 epilepsy of unknown aetiology, 7 glioma, 8 brain tuberculoma, and 7 healthy volunteers were studied. Trypsin digested sera were subject to liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and spectra of 375–1700 m/z matched against T. solium WormBase ParaSite database with MaxQuant software to identify T. solium proteins. Three hundred and nineteen T. solium proteins were identified in 87.5% of pNCC and 56.6% of non‐NCC subjects. Three hundred and four proteins were exclusive to pNCC sera, seven to non‐NCC sera and eight in both. Ten percent, exhibiting immune‐modulatory properties, originated from the oncosphere and cyst vesicular fluid. In conclusion, in endemic regions, T. solium proteins are detected in sera of individuals with and without pNCC. The immunomodulatory nature of these proteins may influence susceptibility and course of infection.
Exploring the practical relevance of food aid rationales in Belgium: Lessons from applying in‐kind transfer valuation methods
Authors: Hermans Karen , Marchal Sarah 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCharitable food aid is gaining new relevance in mature welfare states: the number of beneficiaries increases while the subsidization by and collaboration with the state intensifies. We distinguish three rationales to this further institutionalization: poverty mitigation, and ecological and paternalistic reasonings. In this explorative study we assess the validity of these rationales in the actual set‐up of food aid in Belgium. Specifically, we apply three different in‐kind transfer valuation methods (production cost, market and recipient value) to robustly estimate the value of food aid. This mixed‐methods study builds on purpose‐collected field work data on distributed food aid packages, Household Budget Survey data on common consumption patterns, and a thorough document analysis into food aid spending data. The estimated value of food aid strongly depends on the valuation method: the annual total value of food aid in Belgium ranges from 57 to 148 million euros. Importantly, we observe a discrepancy between prevalent rationales and the actual set‐up of food aid. In contrast to the ecological reasoning of fighting food waste, large part of the total value stems from new food purchases, which involve paternalistic choices. Yet, the composition of food aid packages only partly complies with nutritional recommendations. Moreover, they do not fully meet recipients' preferences and needs, which generates a welfare loss. Food aid may nonetheless seem efficient from a policy perspective: a ‘charity multiplier effect’ appears to translate the government production cost in a higher market value. Still, its unpredictable and mismatched nature likely reduces its poverty mitigating effect.
The intergenerational transmission of financial disadvantage across Europe
Authors: Dewilde Caroline 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGrowing income and wealth inequality have rekindled interest in questions of social mobility versus intergenerational persistence. Specifically at the low‐end of the inequality distribution, rising poverty risks amongst working‐age households have raised concerns regarding later‐life consequences of childhood poverty. This paper investigates cross‐country and ‐cohort variations in the intergenerational transmission of financial disadvantage, by pooling cross‐sections from EU‐SILC (2005‐2011‐2019) for 31 European countries. Similar to previous research, adolescent financial disadvantage contributes significantly to income poverty risks in adulthood. In only about half of European countries, such impacts are explained by close relationships between parental family structure and adolescent financial disadvantage, or mediated by labour market‐related status attainment from parents to children. Next, compared with older cohorts, for younger respondents coming of age in the era of enhanced globalization and dualization since the 1990s, and during the post‐financial crisis and austerity years, a trend towards enhanced stratification of current poverty with regard to adolescent financial disadvantage emerges. Multilevel analyses based on these younger cohorts indicate that more generous active (outsider spending) and passive (social exclusion spending) welfare benefits aimed at compensating poorer households for the consequences of labour market and welfare state dualization significantly mitigate current income poverty of those who experienced financial disadvantage in adolescence. Welfare reforms implying reductions in social spending disproportionally affecting ‘outsider’‐households (intended or unintended) may therefore be costly in the long run, as the intergenerational transmission of financial disadvantage might intensify.
Finite Element Study on Mechanical Properties of The Normal and Transverse Fracture Bones – A Computational Simulation
Authors: Mohamad Mohd Riduan , Nazilatul Furqoni  
Published: July 2024

There are lots of cases of injury or trauma that can cause broken or cracked bones. Long treatment can be more dangerous when combined with some of the diseases they have. Despite this, there is still not much research on the mechanical properties of bone, especially in the elderly. To develop bone tissue engineering and the design of bionic bones, it is essential to understand the mechanical properties and microscopic failure mechanisms of bones. Proper bone function also depends on the mechanical properties of the bone. The purpose of this study is to develop the three-dimensional bone model for finite element analysis simulation and examine the mechanical behavior of two different types of bone (normal and non-displaced transverse fracture bone) through ANSYS Workbench. The 3D bone model design of normal and cracked bone was imported, analyzed, and simulated in ANSYS with varying loads applied. To get the parameter of mechanical characteristics of bones to result. Application of finite element method using ANSYS Software as a computational technique that uses continuum mechanics theories to solve biomedical engineering problems may require the accurate analysis of the mechanistic properties of human bone. There was no significant difference in elastic modulus between normal and fractured bone. The maximum Young's modulus was found at 8.225×10-7 with a minimum of 4.095×10-5. Despite this, the shear strain and stress hold a huge gap in the maximal and minimum position of both types of bone. Certainly, transverse fracture bone got the highest number of total deformations. The normal bone got 0.00023607 m for total deformation, alternatively, 0.00031965 m occurs in transverse fracture when the greatest load is performed. This clearly states, that cracked bone has a greater risk of failure and stiffness especially in elderly people. These mechanical properties findings of fractured bone are considered suitable for further development, especially in the prevention and treatment to decrease the revision of critical surgery in the future.
EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION ON THE EFFECTS OF ENERGETIC ADDITIVES IN THE HYBRID ROCKET FUEL
Authors: MOHAMAD ANUAR MAI NURUL FAREESYA , Mohammad Juani Sujana  , Ismail Izham Izzat , Azami Muhammad Hanafi 
Published: July 2024

This paper evaluates the viability of employing paraffin wax including energetic additives as solid fuel in a hybrid rocket. In this paper, three distinct fuel compositions were used to compare the augmentation of the regression rate. Hybrid rockets combine the best characteristics of solid and liquid rockets, and they provide a multitude of advantages, such as safe handling and storage, a wider variety of fuel, a lower price, and enhanced dependability. However, it has a key drawback that hinders performance: a low regression rate. An earlier study found that doping the fuel with energetic additives such as aluminium, boron, hydrogen, and ammonia might increase the pace of regression. These nanoparticles will enhance evaporation and combustion efficiency, hence accelerating regression. According to the data, using aluminium increases regression rates by up to 21.2%, followed by using magnesium (19.9%), and iron (8.7%), which has the smallest increase in regression rates. According to this study, adding energetic materials to the fuel of hybrid rocket motors has improved the regression rate problem.
Quantitative proteomics reveals serum proteome alterations during metastatic disease progression in breast cancer patients
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Jung Sung Yun , Austdal Marie , Arun Aaditya Krishna , Helland Thomas , Mellgren Gunnar , Lende Tone Hoel , Janssen Emiel A. M. , Søiland Håvard , Aneja Ritu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Tumor recurrence and metastatic progression remains the leading cause for breast cancer related mortalities. However, the proteomes of patient- matched primary breast cancer (BC) and metastatic lesions have not yet been identified, due to the lack of clinically annotated longitudinal samples. In this study, we evaluated the global-proteomic landscape of BC patients with and without distant metastasis as well as compared the proteome of distant metastatic disease with its corresponding primary BC, within the same patient.

Methods
We performed mass spectrometry-based proteome profiling of 73 serum samples from 51 BC patients. Among the 51 patients with BC, 29 remained metastasis-free (henceforth called non-progressors), and 22 developed metastases (henceforth called progressors). For the 22 progressors, we obtained two samples: one collected within a year of diagnosis, and the other collected within a year before the diagnosis of metastatic disease. MS data were analyzed using intensity-based absolute quantification and normalized before differential expression analysis. Significantly differentially expressed proteins (DEPs; absolute fold-change ≥ 1.5, P-value < 0.05 and 30% abundance per clinical group) were subjected to pathway analyses.

Results
We identified 967 proteins among 73 serum samples from patients with BC. Among these, 39 proteins were altered in serum samples at diagnosis, between progressors and non-progressors. Among these, 4 proteins were further altered when the progressors developed distant metastasis. In addition, within progressors, 20 proteins were altered in serum collected at diagnosis versus at the onset of metastasis. Pathway analysis showed that these proteins encoded pathways that describe metastasis, including epithelial–mesenchymal transition and focal adhesion that are hallmarks of metastatic cascade.

Conclusions
Our results highlight the importance of examining matched samples from distant metastasis with primary BC samples collected at diagnosis to unravel subset of proteins that could be involved in BC progression in serum. This study sets the foundation for additional future investigations that could position these proteins as non-invasive markers for clinically monitoring breast cancer progression in patients.
Emergency department utilization before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among individuals with sickle cell disease
Authors: Attell Brandon K. , Plaxco Allison P. , Zhou Mei , Valle Jhaqueline , Reeves Sarah L. , Patel Pooja N. , Latta Krista , Smeltzer Matthew P. , Snyder Angela B. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The emergency department (ED) is a vital source of healthcare for individuals living with sickle cell disease (SCD). Prior research indicates that during the COVID-19 pandemic some individuals with SCD avoided the ED for fear of acquiring COVID-19 or delayed visiting the ED by self-management of symptoms or pain crisis at home. The purpose of the current study was to understand ED utilization rates before and during the pandemic among individuals living with SCD.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using population-based SCD surveillance systems in California, Georgia, Michigan, and Tennessee to assess the impact of the pandemic on ED utilization among people with SCD by (1) analyzing trends in monthly ED utilization from January 2019 - December 2020, with specific attention given to immediate changes at the onset of the pandemic; and (2) calculating changes in the volume of utilization by comparing the total ED visits made from March - December 2020 to the same period in 2019, both overall and by demographic characteristics.

Results
Across all states, a decline in ED utilization during the onset of the pandemic was seen, with the largest decline seen in those under age 10. By December 2020, utilization rates were higher than their lowest observed month of April 2020, but had not fully returned to pre-COVID levels. During the pandemic, ED visits in each state decreased by as much as 25%, and the number of people with any ED utilization decreased by as much as 26%.

Conclusions
This study confirms and extends the existing literature related to the impact of the pandemic on healthcare utilization patterns in the US, in a unique population with increased healthcare needs.
Emergency preparedness in the central sterile supply department: a multicenter cross-sectional survey
Authors: Liu Jiawei , Gui Fengliu , Zhang Mengmeng , Chen Hui 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the current situation of emergency preparation and emergency drill in the CSSD, and analyze its influence on the nurses’ emergency attitude and ability.

Methods
This study employed a multicenter stratified sampling method, conducted from January to June 2023 using the online survey, participants completed the general data, emergency preparedness and drill questionnaire, public health emergency response questionnaire and emergency capacity scale. An independent samples t test or Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyse differences in nurses’ emergency capacity and attitudes.

Results
The data from 15 provinces 55 hospitals in China. Overall, 77.58% of participants’ institutions set up emergency management teams, 85.45% have an emergency plan and revise it regularly. 92.12% store emergency supplies. All survey staff participated in the emergency drill, which predominantly consisted of individual drills (51.52%), with 90.30% being real combat drills, 49.09% of participants engaging in drills every quarter, and 91.52% of the drill’s participants exceeding 50%. The respondents’ emergency attitude score was (29.346 ± 6.029), their emergency ability score was (63.594 ± 10.413), and those with rescue experience showed a more positive attitude (Z = -2.316, P = 0.021). Different titles, education levels, rescue experience and the frequency of emergency drill affected the emergency rescue ability of the respondents (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Most medical institutions establish emergency management systems and plans, yet the content lacks geographical specificity.The duration and participation of emergency drills are high, but the effectiveness of the drills needs to be further improved, and the response capacity and attitudes of CSSD nurses are low. It is recommended that agencies develop comprehensive and targeted contingency plans to strengthen the inspection and evaluation of team strength, equipment and safeguards against the contingency plans, so as to ensure that the measures mandated by the contingency plans can be implemented promptly after the emergency response is initiated.
The intestinal flora and nutritional status and immune function characteristics of obese colon cancer patients
Authors: Yuan Juhua , Zhang Yujing , Wu Shengping , Zheng Liping 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The research aims to explore the characteristics of intestinal flora, nutritional status and immune function in patients with different types of obese colon cancer.

Methods
A retrospective analysis is conducted on 64 cases of obese colon cancer diagnosed from June 2018 to January 2020. According to the histological staging of the cancer, they are classified into adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma, with corresponding cases of 24, 22 and 18, respectively. The intestinal flora (Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and yeast), nutritional status (Hb, Alb, PA, TFN, and PNI), immune function (IgG, IgM, IgA, CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+) are analyzed in the different groups of patients. Survival curves are evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test for tumour death, local recurrence, and distant metastasis.

Results
There were no statistically significant differences in intestinal flora (Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and yeast), nutritional status (Hb, Alb, PA, TFN, and PNI) and immune function (IgG, IgM, IgA, CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+) between different groups. There was a significant correlation between intestinal flora, nutritional status and immune function for all three. The survival curves of tumour death, local recurrence and distant metastasis in different groups of obese colon cancer patients were statistically significant. The tumor mortality rate, local recurrence, and distant metastasis rate in adenocarcinoma were 78.65%, 54.25% and 48.26% respectively.

Conclusion
There are differences in intestinal flora, nutritional status and immune function among different types of obese colon cancer patients, but adenocarcinoma has the least benefit in intestinal flora, poor nutritional status, and weakest immune function.
Clinical diagnostic value of methylated SEPT9 combined with NLR, PLR and LMR in colorectal cancer
Authors: Huang Meiyuan , Deng Shuang , Li Ming , Yang Zhenyu , Guo Jiaxing , Deng Yi , Chen Dongliang , Yan Bokang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate clinical diagnostic values of mSEPT9 combined with NLR, PLR and LMR in CRC.

Methods
329 subjects composed of 120 CRC patients, 105 polyps patients and 104 healthy participants were prospectively recruited. Clinicopathologic features were collected and analyzed. Plasma samples were collected for mSEPT9, NLR, PLR and LMR test. The sensitivity, specificity and AUC of each biomarker separately or in combination were estimated by the ROC curve.

Results
The levels of NLR, PLR and the PDR of mSEPT9 in CRC patients were significantly higher than those in non-CRC subjects, while LMR was the opposite. The PDR of mSEPT9 in CRC patients was significantly correlated with age, tumor size, tumor stage and M stage. ROC curve analysis demonstrated moderate diagnostic values of mSEPT9, NLR, PLR and LMR in CRC patients with AUC of 0.78 (Se = 0.68, and Sp = 0.89), 0.78 (Se = 0.68, and Sp = 0.83), 0.80 (Se = 0.68, and Sp = 0.81), and 0.77 (Se = 0.72, and Sp = 0.73), respectively. Moreover, combination of these four biomarkers dramatically enhanced the diagnostic accuracy of CRC (AUC = 0.92, Se = 0.90, and Sp = 0.87), especially for CRC patients with large tumors (AUC = 0.95) or distal metastasis (AUC = 0.95).

Conclusion
mSEPT9, NLR, PLR and LMR showed the potential to be reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis of CRC. And the combined application of these biomarkers further improved the diagnostic accuracy of CRC significantly.