bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Structural Complexity by Liquid‐Crystal Self‐assembly
Authors: Tschierske Carsten 
Published: August 2013

AbstractSince the discovery of the liquid‐crystalline state of matter 125 years ago, this field has developed into a scientific area with many facets. This Review presents recent developments in the molecular design and self‐assembly of liquid crystals. The focus is on new exciting soft‐matter structures distinct from the usually observed nematic, smectic, and columnar phases. These new structures have enhanced complexity, including multicompartment and cellular structures, periodic and quasiperiodic arrays of spheres, and new emergent properties, such as ferroelctricity and spontaneous achiral symmetry‐breaking. Comparisons are made with developments in related fields, such as self‐assembled monolayers, multiblock copolymers, and nanoparticle arrays. Measures of structural complexity used herein are the size of the lattice, the number of distinct compartments, the dimensionality, and the logic depth of the resulting supramolecular structures.
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonists: A Milestone for Modern Crop Protection
Authors: Jeschke Peter , Nauen Ralf , Beck Michael Edmund 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe destruction of crops by invertebrate pests is a major threat against a background of a continuously rising demand in food supply for a growing world population. Therefore, efficient crop protection measures in a vast range of agricultural settings are of utmost importance to guarantee sustainable yields. The discovery of synthetic agonists selectively addressing the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), located in the central nervous system of insects, for use as insecticides was a major milestone in applied crop protection research. These compounds, as a result of their high target specificity and versatility in application methods, opened a new innovative era in the control of some of the world′s most devastating insect pests. These insecticides also contributed massively to extending our knowledge of the biochemistry of insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The global economic success of synthetic nAChR agonists as insecticides renders the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor still one of the most attractive target sites for exploration in insecticide discovery.
Property and storage stability of whey protein‐sucrose based safe paper glue
Authors: Wang Guorong , Guo Mingruo 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTWhey is a byproduct of cheese making. Disposal of whey may cause environmental pollutions. Whey protein isolate (WPI) is obtained from whey via ion‐exchange and ultra‐filtration, and contains more than 90% of protein. Most current commercially available paper glue products are made from undegradable synthetic polymers and may be harmful to human. The objective of this study was to develop environmentally friendly and children safe paper glue using WPI and sucrose as major ingredients. Results showed that both desirable bonding strength and viscosity of the safe paper glue were achieved by adding sucrose. The whey protein and sucrose based paper glue had excellent recovered bonding strength (ideal for self‐seal envelopes) and bonding strength to different substrates (paper–paper, paper–wood, paper–plastic, and paper–metal). Shelf life tests indicated that the safe glue was stable with addition of low level of preservative and there were no considerable changes in bonding strength and viscosity during the storage at 23°C or 40°C for up to 1 year. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 39710.
UV‐initiated copolymerization route for facile fabrication of epoxy‐functionalized micro‐zone plates
Authors: Li Li , Bi Xiao‐Dong , Feng Min , Zhu Jia‐Ting 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTBisphenol A‐based epoxy acrylate (BABEA), a commercial ultraviolet (UV)‐curable material, was introduced as a new manufacturing material for facile fabrication of epoxy‐functionalized micro‐zone plates through UV‐initiated copolymerization using glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as the functional monomer. The poly (BABEA‐co‐GMA) was highly transparent in visible range while highly opaque when the wavelength is less than 295 nm, and of high replication fidelity. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS) results indicated the existence of epoxy groups on the surface of the poly (BABEA‐co‐GMA), which allowed for binding protein through an epoxy‐amino group reaction. A fabrication procedure was proposed for manufacturing BABEA based epoxy‐functionalized micro‐zone plates. The fabrication procedure was very simple; obviating the need of micromachining equipments, wet etching or imprinting techniques. To evaluate the BABEA‐based epoxy‐functionalized micro‐zone plates, α‐fetoprotein (AFP) was immobilized onto the capture zone for chemiluminescent (CL) detection in a noncompetitive immune response format. The proposed AFP immunoaffinity micro‐zone plate was demonstrated as a low cost, flexible, homogeneous, and stable assay for α‐fetoprotein (AFP). © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 39787.
Der Polymethinzustand. III. Mitteilung über allgemeine Zusammenhänge zwischen Farbe und Struktur organischer Verbindungen
Authors: Dahne Siegfried , Leupold Dieter 
Published: August 2013

AbstractDie vielfältigen Erscheinungen im Bereiche der organischen Verbindungen mit‐Elektronensystemen lassen sich unter der Annahme eines Wechselspiels von drei Grenzzuständen verstehen. Dies sind der aromatische Zustand, gekennzeichnet durch maximalen Bindungsausgleich, gleiche π‐Elektronendichten an allen Atomen und durch hohe Delokalisierungsenergien, der Polyenzustand, gekennzeichnet durch alternierende Bindungsordnungen und gleiche π‐Elektronendichten und der Polymethinzustand, gekennzeichnet durch gleicheBindungsordnungen, alternierende π‐Elektronendichten und durch hohe Delokalisierungsenergien. Die Existenz des energetisch ausgezeichneten Polymethinzustandes wird durch einfache quantenmechanische Studien abgeleitet; seine charakteristischen Merkmale werden näher untersucht. Ein wesentliches Kriterium für die Tieffarbigkeit der Polymethine ist die π‐Elektronendichtealternierung im Grundzustand.
Dynamische Theorie der Kristallstrukturanalyse durch Elektronenbeugung im inhomogenen Primärstrahlwellenfeld
Authors: Hegerl R. , Hoppe W. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractVor einiger Zeit wurde ein neues Prinzip zur Registrierung der Gesamtinformation (Amplituden und Phasen) in einem Beugungsbild angegeben, welches nicht – wie die Holographie – Interferenzen der Streuwellen mit einer Referenzwelle voraussetzt. Von wesentlicher Bedeutung sind hierbei Interferenzen benachbarter Streuwellen, die entstehen, wenn die Objektfunktion Q(x,y) mit einer verallgemeinerten Primärwellenfunktion p(x,y) multipliziert wird. Im Fourierraum (Beugungsdiagramm) entstehen dabei Faltungen der Fouriertransformierten dieser Funktionen; durch geeignete Formung von p(x,y) läßt sich erreichen, daß die erwähnten, zur Phasenbestimmung ausnutzbaren Interferenzen benachbarter Streustrahlen resultieren. Zum Unterschied zur Holographie soll dieses Verfahren “Ptychographie” (ξ = Falte) genannt werden. Das Verfahren ist für periodische und nichtperiodische Strukturen anwendbar; die einfachsten und übersichtlichsten Beziehungen ergeben sich für Kreuzgitter. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Theorie für Raumgitter mit und ohne Berücksichtigung der dynamischen Theorie erweitert. An einem praktischen Beispiel werden die auftretenden Effekte demonstriert.
Determination of zeranol and its metabolites in bovine muscle and liver by a chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay: compared to an ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy method
Authors: Haiyang Jiang , Wenjun Wang , Jinghui Zhu , Xiaoqi Tao , Jiancheng Li , Xi Xia , Kai Wen , Fei Xu , Zhaopeng Wang , Min Chen , Xiangmei Li , Xiaoping Wu , Shien Wang , Shuangyang Ding 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTA chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) was compared to an ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy (UPLC‐MS/MS) procedure for the analysis of zeranol and its metabolites in bovine tissue samples. Apparent recoveries from fortified samples by both methods were comparable at 0.5–4.0 µg/kg and a significant correlation was obtained. For CLEIA analysis, hapten mimicking the analyte was first synthesized and conjugated with the carrier protein bovine serum albumin as the immunogen to produce monoclonal antibody. The obtained antibody showed extensive cross‐reactivity toward zeranol metabolites (zearalanone). The limit of detection of CLEIA and UPLC‐MS/MS was 0.05 µg/kg and 0.5 µg/kg, respectively. Recoveries of both methods for fortified samples were higher than 75.0% with the coefficient of variation less than 15%. These results indicated that the combination of screening with CLEIA and confirmation with UPLC‐MS/MS for zeranol and its metabolites would be a reliable method for a large number of bovine samples. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The impact of blood on liver metabolite profiling – a combined metabolomic and proteomic approach
Authors: Ly‐Verdú Saray , Schaefer Alexander , Kahle Melanie , Groeger Thomas , Neschen Susanne , Arteaga‐Salas Jose M. , Ueffing Marius , de Angelis Martin Hrabe , Zimmermann Ralf 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTMetabolomics has entered the well‐established omic sciences as it is an indispensable information resource to achieve a global picture of biological systems. The aim of the present study was to estimate the influence of blood removal from mice liver as part of sample preparation for metabolomic and proteomic studies. For this purpose, perfused mice liver tissue (i.e. with blood removed) and unperfused mice liver tissue (i.e. containing blood) were compared by two‐dimensional gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC‐TOFMS) for the metabolomic part, and by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) for the proteomic part. Our data showed significant differences between the unperfused and perfused liver tissue samples. Furthermore, we also observed an overlap of blood and tissue metabolite profiles in our data, suggesting that the perfusion of liver tissue prior to analysis is beneficial for an accurate metabolic profile of this organ. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Partnerships between institutional repositories, domain repositories and publishers
Authors: Steinhart Gail 
Published: August 2013

AbstractEditor's SummaryAt ASIS&T's RDAP13 Summit, one panel explored the shared interests and challenges faced by researchers, institutions, various repositories, publishers and the public. Common hurdles include engaging researchers in the process at the outset, organizing and documenting research data, contending with diverse media types and file formats, spanning disciplines and rewarding participation. Amy Nurnberger of Columbia University Library noted the importance of understanding authors' needs and recognizing comparable issues faced by libraries and publishers. Jared Lyle of the Inter‐university Consortium for Political and Social Research stressed the value of working with researchers early in their process and establishing a personal, supportive and consultative connection. John Kunze described tools available through the California Digital Library to facilitate data curation at several stages of the research process, ultimately depositing data to a repository and enabling its publication and sharing. The collective experiences highlighted common themes, including the value of local collections and partnerships as well as the need to simplify the process with easy‐to‐use tools.
The relevance of research data sharing and reuse studies
Authors: Weber Nicholas M. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractEditor's SummaryAs big data takes the limelight, it is critical that the value of research data is appreciated and the field of information science garners respect for its contributions. Despite being a logical leader in data management and curation, information science competes with other disciplines in handling research data and often fails to demonstrate its own expertise. Two developments presented through the annual Research Data Access & Preservation (RDAP) Summits hold promise for promoting the field and demonstrating its relevance to data management topics. First, the use of formal and systematic planning for data management is expanding, driven by requirements of many funding agencies. Second, research is offering insights into how researchers appraise, share and reuse data, with identification of data quality indicators related to satisfaction. As the effective use of research data becomes more pressing, the field of information science should lead in demonstrating the value derived from professional data curation, and the RDAP community must define and articulate its own research agenda.
RDAP13 poster session summary
Authors: Doty Jennifer 
Published: August 2013

AbstractEditor's SummaryPosters presented at the 2013 Research Data Access & Preservation Summit (RDAP) spanned an array of topics of current interest for research data managers. Helping doctoral candidates archive their research data was the focus of one, stressing the need to provide support early in the researchers' process. Another described a multi‐format data literacy program geared to graduate level researchers. The presentation on one university's “DataDay” described a training workshop designed to help librarians understand the research data lifecycle and pass on essential points to researchers. Another team of presenters offered a methodical approach to establishing the provenance of research datasets that later appear in other contexts. Several posters addressed data management policies and practices at the institutional level, with one offering model policy language and guidelines and another analyzing current and likely future trends and needs to support archiving research data. The full collection of posters reveals the breadth of issues, progress to date and advances to come for the area.
Reflections on our future
Authors: Engelbart Douglas C. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractEditor's SummaryIn an article first published in the Bulletin in 1996, Douglas Engelbart looks back to the late 1950s and recalls the seeds of the future information age, its digital context and computer‐mediated collaboration. He realized early work on hypermedia interactions threatened the paradigm; people were unable to expand their vision beyond the present. Yet traditional methods were insufficient to deal with complex and urgent problems, and the massively growing scale of information challenges would necessitate human adaptation. Though developments in digital information were promising, progress in the commercial sector was necessary for broad acceptance. Engelbart applied the concept of bootstrapping, with teams collaborating to carry out a process and to simultaneously improve capability. The Association for Information Science and Technology (nee American Society for Information Science) can serve as a bootstrapping facilitator in a network of associations to apply and augment information management advances to make its own and its collective work more effective.
Natural Friedelanes
Authors: Shan Wei‐Guang , Zhang Li‐Wen , Xiang Jia‐Gui , Zhan Zha‐Jun 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThis review covers the occurrence and biological activities of all natural friedelane triterpenoids found between 1977 and March 2011. The biogeneses of dimeric friedelanes and several rearranged friedelanes are discussed. The pharmacological properties of representative compounds, including celastrol and correolide, have also been compiled, on the basis of 344 references.
11α‐Ethoxy‐β‐boswellic Acid and Nizwanone, a New Boswellic Acid Derivative and a New Triterpene, Respectively, from Boswellia sacra
Authors: Al‐Harrasi Ahmed , Ali Liaqat , Ur Rehman Najeeb , Hussain Javid , Hussain Hidayat , Al‐Rawahi Ahmed , Shamim Rizvi Tania 
Published: August 2013

AbstractA new boswellic acid derivative, 11α‐ethoxy‐β‐boswellic acid (EBA; 1) and a new ursane‐type triterpene, named nizwanone (2), were isolated from Omani frankincense Boswellia sacra Flueck. together with two known compounds papyriogenin B and rigidenol. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis using 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR, 1H,1H‐COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and HR‐EI‐MS techniques. The relative configurations of 1 and 2 were assigned by comparative analysis of the NMR spectral data with those of known analogs together with NOESY experiments. Structures of known compounds were identified by comparison with the reported data.
Photodynamic Activity of Plant Extracts from Sarawak, Borneo
Authors: Jong Wan Wui , Tan Pei Jean , Kamarulzaman Fadzly Adzhar , Mejin Michele , Lim Diana , Ang Ida , Naming Margarita , Yeo Tiong Chia , Ho Anthony Siong Hock , Teo Soo Hwang , Lee Hong Boon 
Published: August 2013

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a medical treatment that involves the irradiation of an administered photosensitizing drug with light of a particular wavelength to activate the photosensitizer to kill abnormal cells. To date, only a small number of photosensitizers have been clinically approved for PDT, and researchers continue to look for new molecules that have more desirable properties for clinical applications. Natural products have long been important sources of pharmaceuticals, and there is a great potential for discovery of novel chemotypes from under‐explored biodiversities in the world. The objective of this study is to mine the terrestrial plants in Sarawak, Borneo Island, for new photosensitizers for PDT. In a screening program from 2004 to 2008, we prepared and studied 2,400 extracts from 888 plants for their photosensitizing activities. This report details the bioprospecting process, preparation and testing of extracts, analysis of the active samples, fractionation of four samples, and isolation and characterization of photosensitizers.
Developmental Changes in the Sterol Composition and the Glycerol Content of Cuticular and Internal Lipids of Three Species of Flies
Authors: Gołębiowski Marek , Cerkowniak Magdalena , Boguś Mieczysława I. , Włóka Emilia , Przybysz Elżbieta , Stepnowski Piotr 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe glycerol concentration and the composition of cuticular and internal sterols in three medically and forensically important fly species, viz., Musca domestica, Sarcophaga carnaria, and Calliphora vicina, were analyzed. The cuticular and internal lipid extracts were separated by HPLC‐LLSD, after which the sterol fraction was characterized by GC/MS in total ion current (TIC) mode. The cuticular lipids of M. domestica larvae contained seven sterols, while in pupae and females, six sterols were identified. Five sterols were found in the cuticular lipids of M. domestica males. The internal lipids of M. domestica larvae and pupae contained six and seven sterols, respectively, while those of male and female flies contained only five sterols. Sitosterol, cholesterol, and campesterol were the dominant sterols in M. domestica, while campestanol, stigmasterol, sitostanol, and fucosterol were identified in low concentrations or in traces. In contrast, cuticular and internal lipids of S. carnaria and C. vicina contained only cholesterol. Glycerol was identified in all stages of M. domestica, S. carnaria, and C. vicina. For all the three examined fly species, the present study clearly showed species‐specific developmental changes in the composition of cuticular and internal sterols as well as in the glycerol concentration.
Fluorinated Pseudopeptide Analogues of the Neuropeptide 26RFa: Synthesis, Biological, and Structural Studies
Authors: Pierry Camille , Couve‐Bonnaire Samuel , Guilhaudis Laure , Neveu Cindy , Marotte Amélie , Lefranc Benjamin , Cahard Dominique , Ségalas‐Milazzo Isabelle , Leprince Jérôme , Pannecoucke Xavier 
Published: August 2013

AbstractA series of four fluorinated dipeptide analogues each containing a fluoro‐olefin moiety as peptide bond surrogate has been designed and synthesized. These motifs have been successfully introduced into the bioactive C‐terminal heptapeptide of the neuropeptide 26RFa by conventional SPPS. We then evaluated the ability of the generated pseudopeptides to increase [Ca2+]i in GPR103‐transfected cells. For these fluorinated analogues, greater stability in human serum was observed. Their conformations were also investigated, leading to the valuable identification of differences depending on the position of the fluoro‐olefin moiety in the sequence.
Targeted Engineering of Cyclooctat‐9‐en‐7‐ol Synthase: A Stereospecific Access to Two New Non‐natural Fusicoccane‐Type Diterpenes
Authors: Görner Christian , Häuslein Ina , Schrepfer Patrick , Eisenreich Wolfgang , Brück Thomas 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe structural diversity of bioactive diterpenes is due to variations in their macrocyclic carbon skeletons. The chemical synthesis of these macrocycles is challenging. However, the bacterial diterpene synthase cyclooctat‐9‐en‐7‐ol synthase (CotB2) generates a complex macrocycle in a single step with geranylgeranyl diphosphate as an aliphatic substrate. This study investigates the catalytic mechanisms of the native and mutant CotB2, with a focus on identifying new carbon macrocycles. The combination of in silico modelling, targeted diterpene cyclase engineering and structural elucidation by using GC–MS, HRMS and NMR analysis resulted in the identification of new terpene olefins. CotB2 mutants produced two new non‐natural fusicoccane‐type macrocycles with potential bioactivities and the monocyclic compound cembrene. The observed product pattern allowed insights into the mechanistic features of CotB2. Applied strategies enable new consolidated synthesis of natural and non‐natural terpenoid bioactives.
TUD‐1‐Encapsulated HY Zeolite: A New Hierarchical Microporous/Mesoporous Composite with Extraordinary Performance in Benzylation Reactions
Authors: Hamdy Mohamed S. , Mul Guido 
Published: August 2013

AbstractA new composite material consisting of amorphous TUD‐1 encapsulating crystalline zeolite Y was synthesized. Samples with different HY zeolite loadings (10, 20, 40, and 60 wt %) were prepared, and the resulting solid products were characterized with elemental analysis, XRD, N2 physisorption, 27Al MAS NMR, IR, pyridine adsorption in combination with FTIR, temperature‐programmed desorption of ammonia, HRSEM, and HRTEM. Characterization data confirm the presence of a thin layer of the mesoporous TUD‐1 phase with a thickness of 30–100 nm surrounding the zeolite crystals. The catalytic performance of the composite was studied in the Friedel–Crafts benzylation of benzene with benzyl alcohol at 353 K. The catalytic activity of the HY/TUD‐1 composite was higher than that of HY zeolite, whereas the composite showed a much slower rate of deactivation. The improved performance of the composite is related to beneficial changes in the acidity of the HY crystal through chemical interactions with TUD‐1.