bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relocation of older people to recovery phase rehabilitation wards: adaptation patterns according to the presence of dementia
Authors: Komatsu Misa , Hamahata Akiko 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to use an assessment sheet clarifying the characteristics related to adaptation in order to support the relocation of older people to recovery phase rehabilitation wards (RPRW).

Design/methodology/approach
– A survey was conducted with older people aged 70 and above two weeks after relocation. Nurses responsible for the older people were asked to complete the sheet. Of the 44 items on the sheet, the 38 items not directly related to basic attributes constituted the scale of the state of adaptation. A total of 336 valid response sheets were analyzed.

Findings
– Higher scores on the scale represented higher levels of adaptation, and when scores were analyzed, results showed that there was a tendency for the scores of older people aged 80 and above and older people with dementia to be significantly lower. Items that showed differences according to the presence of dementia included those showing adaptive tasks, such as “Condition has deteriorated since the time of relocation” and “Experiencing difficulties when nurses are giving care.” The tendencies of older people to adapt to relocation depending on the presence of dementia were clarified through the items on the scale.

Originality/value
– It is necessary to pay attention to older people's physical and social environmental factors, adaptive tasks, and coping skills when they relocate to RPRW. The authors suggest that an approach based on the results of this study could help older people adapt to their new environment.
Color Change of the Snapper (Pagrus auratus) and Gurnard (Chelidonichthys kumu) Skin and Eyes during Storage: Effect of Light Polarization and Contact with Ice
Authors: Balaban Murat O. , Stewart Kelsie , Fletcher Graham C. , Alçiçek Zayde 
Published: November 2014

AbstractTen gurnard and 10 snapper were stored on ice. One side always contacted the ice; the other side was always exposed to air. At different intervals for up to 12 d, the fish were placed in a light box, and the images of both sides were taken using polarized and nonpolarized illumination. Image analysis resulted in average L*, a*, and b* values of skin, and average L* values of the eyes. The skin L* value of gurnard changed significantly over time while that of snapper was substantially constant. The a* and b* values of both fish decreased over time. The L* values of eyes were significantly lower for polarized images, and significantly lower for the side of fish exposed to air only. This may be a concern in quality evaluation methods such as QIM. The difference of colors between the polarized and nonpolarized images was calculated to quantify the reflection off the surface of fish. For accurate measurement of surface color and eye color, use of polarized light is recommended.
Lipopolysaccharide amplifies eosinophilic inflammation after segmental challenge with house dust mite in asthmatics
Authors: Berger M. , de Boer J. D. , Bresser P. , van der Poll T. , Lutter R. , Sterk P. J. , van der Zee J. S. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackgroundHouse dust contains mite allergens as well as bacterial products such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Asthma exacerbations are associated with the level of exposure to allergens and LPS. LPS can potentiate allergen effects in steroid‐naïve patients. Long‐acting β2‐agonists (LABA) were shown to inhibit LPS‐induced bronchial inflammation in healthy volunteers. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of LPS on the allergen‐induced eosinophilic inflammation [primary endpoints: eosinophil counts and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP)] induced by bronchial instillation of house dust mite (HDM) in patients with asthma on maintenance treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS).MethodsThirty‐two nonsmoking asthmatics with HDM allergy were treated with run‐in medication (fluticasone propionate 100 μg bid) during 2 weeks before the study day. All patients underwent bronchial challenge with HDM, and half of them were randomized to receive additional LPS. Both groups were randomized to receive pretreatment with a single inhalation of 100 μg salmeterol 30 min before bronchial segmental challenge. Six hours later, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was collected for leukocyte cell count, differentials, and cellular activation markers.ResultsChallenge with HDM/LPS induced a significant increase in eosinophil cationic protein (P = 0.036) and a trend toward an increase in BALF eosinophils as compared to HDM challenge.ConclusionLipopolysaccharide promotes eosinophilic airway inflammation in patients with asthma despite being on maintenance treatment with ICS.
Transient hyperoxia does not affect regional cerebral tissue oxygen saturation in moderately preterm or term newborns
Authors: Thing Mira , Sørensen Line Carøe , Pryds Ole 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAimEven short periods of hyperoxia may induce prolonged cerebral vasoconstriction in newborn infants, and this could theoretically lead to cerebral ischaemia even once normoxia is re‐established. This study aimed to investigate the effect of brief hyperoxic exposures on regional cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (rStO2) and to evaluate whether any observed prolonged cerebral vasoconstriction was related to maturity.MethodsThe study included 30 infants with a postmenstrual age of more than 32 weeks, who were treated with nasal continuous positive airway pressure and a fraction of inspired oxygen of ≤0.3. The INVOS 5100C oximeter was used to measure rStO2 before, during and after two hyperoxic exposures. If hyperoxia induced a prolonged cerebral vasoconstriction, posthyperoxic rStO2 would be expected to decrease.ResultsrStO2 increased slightly after the first hyperoxic exposure, with a mean difference of 1.37% (95% CI 0.15, 2.6). After the second oxygen exposure, rStO2 remained unchanged with a mean difference of −0.4% (95% CI −1.6, 0.78). Differences in rStO2 were not related to gestational age in either of the two hyperoxic episodes.ConclusionWe found no evidence to support the theory that transient hyperoxia induces prolonged cerebral vasoconstriction in infants with a postmenstrual age above 32 weeks.
Hypercoagulability following major partial liver resection ‐ detected by thrombomodulin‐modified thrombin generation testing
Authors: Potze W. , Alkozai E. M. , Adelmeijer J. , Porte R. J. , Lisman T. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryBackgroundConventional coagulation tests are frequently prolonged after liver surgery, suggesting a post‐operative hypocoagulability. However, these tests are unreliable for assessment of the haemostatic status in these patients. In contrast, thrombin generation testing measures the true balance between pro‐ and anti‐coagulant factors.AimTo study the perioperative coagulation status in patients undergoing hemi‐hepatectomy using thrombin generation assays.MethodsWe examined thrombin generation profiles in serial plasma samples taken from seventeen patients undergoing right hemi‐hepatectomy. Results were compared to ten patients undergoing pancreatic resection and twenty‐four healthy volunteers. In addition, we measured conventional coagulation tests and plasma levels of several haemostatic proteins.ResultsFollowing liver resection, the endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) slightly decreased until post‐operative day 7. However, in the presence of thrombomodulin, the ETP increased [from 542 nM*min (417–694) at baseline to 845 nM*min (789–1050) on post‐operative day 3] to values higher than that in healthy subjects (558 nM*min (390–680); P < 0.001), which contrasts with substantially prolonged PT levels. Normal to decreased thrombin generation was observed following pancreatic resection. Thrombin generation was only slightly affected by thrombomodulin after hemi‐hepatectomy, while thrombin generation in healthy subjects decreased profoundly upon addition of thrombomodulin. This hypercoagulability following liver resection may be explained by decreased levels of protein C, S, and antithrombin and by elevated levels of factor VIII.ConclusionsThrombin generation in the presence of thrombomodulin revealed hypercoagulability in patients following liver resection. These results support the recently advocated restrictive use of plasma during liver resection and the exploration of more extensive use of post‐operative thrombosis prophylaxis.
Morphological, ultrastructural and histochemical investigation of epipodial sensory structures of Haliotis tuberculata (Gastropoda: Haliotidae)
Authors: Molist Pilar , Álvarez Nogal Rafael , Collado Gonzalo A. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn this study, we describe the microstructure and ultrastructure of the epipodial papillae and epipodial tentacles of Haliotis tuberculata using light and electron microscopy. The epipodial papillae vary morphologically; they are subdivided into several subpapillae whose surface is covered by small micropapillae. The epipodial tentacles are large extendable conically elongated structures whose surface is differentiated in two regions: the dorsal region with long corrugated folds, and a ventral region composed of three parts, a basal part with the same structure as the dorsal, a middle part with shorter corrugated folds and an apical part with large micropapillae. Although the thin sections and ultrastructure examination show that the epithelium of both organs is morphologically similar and composed of supporting cells, sensory cells and different types of secretory cells, there is a certain specialization in their secretory product. Although the epithelium of both structures was positive for acidic glycoconjugates, the tentacle epithelium was also positive for neutral sugars. Further specific differences were revealed by lectin histochemistry. Because papillae and tentacles can be extended or retracted depending on environmental conditions, they probably have tactile and olfactory functions.
Reducing Prescriptions of Long‐Acting Benzodiazepine Drugs in Denmark: A Descriptive Analysis of Nationwide Prescriptions during a 10‐Year Period
Authors: Eriksen Sophie Isabel , Bjerrum Lars 
Published: November 2014

AbstractProlonged consumption of benzodiazepine drugs (BZD) and benzodiazepine receptor agonists (zolpidem, zaleplon, zopiclone; altogether Z drugs) is related to potential physiological and psychological dependence along with other adverse effects. This study aimed to analyse the prescribing of long‐acting BZD (half‐life >10 hr), compared to short‐acting BZD in Denmark during a 10‐year period. Descriptive analysis of total sales data from the Danish Register of Medicinal Product Statistics, to individuals in the primary healthcare sector, of all BZD and Z drugs in the period of 2003–2013. Prescription data derive from all community and hospital pharmacies in Denmark. The prescribing of long‐acting BZD was reduced from 25.8 defined daily doses (DDD)/1000 inhabitants/day in 2003 to 8.8 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day in 2013, a relative reduction of 66%. The prescribing of short‐acting BZD was reduced from 26.1 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day in 2003 to 16.4 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day in 2013, a relative reduction of 37%. Prescription data in this study did not include information about indications for initiating treatments. In addition, due to compliance problems, some of the prescribed drugs may not have been consumed according to the prescription. The observed reduction in BZD use was correlated to the introduction of new national guidelines on prescription of addictive drugs, but this study was not designed to detect a causal relationship. The prescribing of long‐acting BZD decreased considerably more than the prescribing of short‐acting BZD in the 10‐year period.
The psychological disengagement model among women in science, engineering, and technology
Authors: Beaton Ann M. , Tougas Francine , Rinfret Natalie , Monger Tanya 
Published: November 2014

Psychological responses to personal relative deprivation based on self/outgroup comparisons (named self/outgroup PRD) were explored among women in science, engineering, and technology according to the Psychological Disengagement Model. Three studies revealed that the experience of self/outgroup PRD increased women's likelihood of discounting the feedback they received at work. In turn, discounting led them to devalue their profession. Each study further documented the damaging effect of both psychological disengagement mechanisms. Study 1 (N = 93) revealed that discounting and devaluing were associated with decreased self‐esteem. These results were replicated in Studies 2 and 3. Study 2 (N = 163) demonstrated that discounting and devaluing were also associated with reduced self‐esteem stability. Study 3 (N = 187) further showed that psychological disengagement was also associated with women's occupational commitment. Theoretical and practical implications of these results are considered.
Temporary implantable nitinol device (TIND): a novel, minimally invasive treatment for relief of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) related to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): feasibility, safety and functional results at 1 year of follow‐up
Authors: Porpiglia Francesco , Fiori Cristian , Bertolo Riccardo , Garrou Diletta , Cattaneo Giovanni , Amparore Daniele 
Published: November 2014

ObjectivesTo report the first clinical experience with a temporary implantable nitinol device (TIND; Medi‐Tate®) for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Patients and MethodsIn all, 32 patients with LUTS were enrolled in this prospective study, which was approved by our Institutional Ethics Committee. Inclusion criteria were: age >50 years, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) of ≥10, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) of ≤12 mL/s, and prostate volume of <60 mL. The TIND was implanted within the bladder neck and the prostatic urethra under light sedation, using a rigid cystoscope. The device was removed 5 days later in an outpatient setting. Demographics, perioperative results, complications (according to the Clavien system), functional results and quality of life (QoL) were evaluated. Follow‐up assessments were made at 3 and 6 weeks, and 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. The Student's t‐test, analysis of variance (anova), Kruskall–Wallis test, and simple and multiple linear regression models were used in the statistical analyses.ResultsThe mean patient age was 69.4 years, the mean (standard deviation, sd) prostate volume was 29.5 (7.4) mL and the Qmax was 7.6 (2.2) mL/s. The median (interquartile range, IQR) IPSS was 19 (14–23) and QoL score was 3 (3–4). All the implantations were successful, with no intraoperative complications recorded. The mean operative time (sd) was 5.8 (2.5) min and the median (IQR) postoperative stay was 1 (1–2) day. All but one of the devices (96%) was removed 5 days at after implantation in an outpatient setting. Four complications (12.5%) were recorded, including urinary retention (one, 3.1%), transient incontinence due to device displacement (one, 3.1%), prostatic abscess (one, 3.1%), and urinary tract infection (one, 3.1%). Multiple regression analysis failed to identify any independent prognostic factor for complications. There were statistically significant differences in the IPSS, QoL score and Qmax when comparing pre‐ and postoperative results at every time point. After 12 months, the median (IQR) IPSS and QoL score were 9 (7–13) and 1 (1–2), respectively, and the mean (sd) Qmax was 12 (4.7) mL/s. The mean variations with respect to baseline conditions at the same time points were −45% for the IPSS and +67% for Qmax. At 12 months after surgery (last follow‐up visit), no patients required medical therapy or surgical procedures for BPH.ConclusionTIND implantation is a feasible and safe minimally invasive option for the treatment of BPH‐related LUTS. The functional results are encouraging and the treatment significantly improved patient QoL. Further studies are required to assess durability of TIND results and to optimise the indications of such a procedure.
Prediction of cancer‐specific survival after radical cystectomy in pT4a urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: development of a tool for clinical decision‐making
Authors: Aziz Atiqullah , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Roghmann Florian , Brookman‐May Sabine , Stief Christian G. , Rink Michael , Chun Felix K. , Fisch Margit , Novotny Vladimir , Froehner Michael , Wirth Manfred P. , Schnabel Marco J. , Fritsche Hans‐Martin , Burger Maximilian , Pycha Armin , Brisuda Antonin , Babjuk Marko , Vallo Stefan , Haferkamp Axel , Roigas Jan , Noldus Joachim , Stredele Regina , Volkmer Björn , Bastian Patrick J. , Xylinas Evanguelos , May Matthias 
Published: November 2014

Objective
To externally validate the pT4a‐specific risk model for cancer‐specific survival (CSS) proposed by May et al. (Urol Oncol 2013; 31: 1141–1147) and to develop a new pT4a‐specific nomogram predicting CSS in an international multicentre cohort of patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB)
Patients and Methods
Data from 856 patients with pT4a UCB treated with RC at 21 centres in Europe and North‐America were assessed.
The risk model proposed by May et al., which includes female gender, presence of positive lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and lack of adjuvant chemotherapy administration as adverse predictors for CSS, was applied to our cohort.
For the purpose of external validation, model discrimination was measured using the receiver‐operating characteristic‐derived area under the curve.
A nomogram for predicting CSS in pT4a UCB after RC was developed after internal validation based on multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis evaluating the impact of clinicopathological variables on CSS.
Decision‐curve analyses were applied to determine the net benefit derived from the two models.
Results
The estimated 5‐year‐CSS after RC was 34% in our cohort.
The risk model devised by May et al. predicted individual 5‐year‐CSS with an accuracy of 60.1%.
In multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, female gender (hazard ratio [HR] 1.45), LVI (HR 1.37), lymph node metastases (HR 2.54), positive soft tissue surgical margins (HR 1.39), neoadjuvant (HR 2.24) and lack of adjuvant chemotherapy (HR 1.67, all P < 0.05) were independent predictors of an adverse CSS rate and formed the features of our nomogram with a predictive accuracy of 67.1%.
Decision‐curve analyses showed higher net benefits for the use of the newly developed nomogram in our cohort over all thresholds.
Conclusions
The risk model devised by May et al. was validated with moderate discrimination and was outperformed by our newly developed pT4a‐specific nomogram in the present study population. Our nomogram might be particularly suitable for postoperative patient counselling in the heterogeneous cohort of patients with pT4a UCB.
A novel interface for the telementoring of robotic surgery
Authors: Shin Daniel H. , Dalag Leonard , Azhar Raed A. , Santomauro Michael , Satkunasivam Raj , Metcalfe Charles , Dunn Matthew , Berger Andre , Djaladat Hooman , Nguyen Mike , Desai Mihir M. , Aron Monish , Gill Inderbir S. , Hung Andrew J. 
Published: November 2014

ObjectiveTo prospectively evaluate the feasibility and safety of a novel, second‐generation telementoring interface (Connect™; Intuitive Surgical Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) for the da Vinci robot.Materials and MethodsRobotic surgery trainees were mentored during portions of robot‐assisted prostatectomy and renal surgery cases. Cases were assigned as traditional in‐room mentoring or remote mentoring using Connect. While viewing two‐dimensional, real‐time video of the surgical field, remote mentors delivered verbal and visual counsel, using two‐way audio and telestration (drawing) capabilities. Perioperative and technical data were recorded. Trainee robotic performance was rated using a validated assessment tool by both mentors and trainees. The mentoring interface was rated using a multi‐factorial Likert‐based survey. The Mann–Whitney and t‐tests were used to determine statistical differences.ResultsWe enrolled 55 mentored surgical cases (29 in‐room, 26 remote). Perioperative variables of operative time and blood loss were similar between in‐room and remote mentored cases. Robotic skills assessment showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Mentors preferred remote over in‐room telestration (P = 0.05); otherwise no significant difference existed in evaluation of the interfaces. Remote cases using wired (vs wireless) connections had lower latency and better data transfer (P = 0.005). Three of 18 (17%) wireless sessions were disrupted; one was converted to wired, one continued after restarting Connect, and the third was aborted. A bipolar injury to the colon occurred during one (3%) in‐room mentored case; no intraoperative injuries were reported during remote sessions.ConclusionIn a tightly controlled environment, the Connect interface allows trainee robotic surgeons to be telementored in a safe and effective manner while performing basic surgical techniques. Significant steps remain prior to widespread use of this technology.
The relationship between circulating irisin levels and endothelial function in lean and obese subjects
Authors: Hou Ningning , Han Fang , Sun Xiaodong 
Published: November 2014

SummaryObjectiveIrisin has been shown to turn white adipocytes into brown‐like adipocytes, which is emerging as an appealing therapeutic target for obesity. The objective of the study was to determine whether circulating irisin levels are related to endothelial dysfunction in obese subjects.DesignA total of 41 nonhypertensive, nondiabetic obese subjects and 40 age‐ and sex‐matched lean healthy control were involved in this study. Clinical characteristics, blood biochemistry, circulating irisin and adiponectin of the subjects were measured. Endothelium‐dependent vasodilation (EDV) and endothelial‐independent vasodilation (EIV) were determined using high‐resolution ultrasound.ResultsCirculating irisin and adiponectin were significantly lower in obese subjects compared with lean healthy control (P < 0·05). Endothelial function was impaired in obese subjects (maximum EDV: 8·95 ± 3·46% vs 14·56 ± 3·90%, P < 0·05). Bivariate correlation analysis revealed that circulating irisin was positively correlated with EDV(r = 0·388, P < 0·01) and negatively correlated with BMI (r = −0·281, P < 0·05), waist circumference (r = −0·298, P < 0·01), free fatty acid (FFA) (r = −0·289, P < 0·01), high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) (r = −0·244, P < 0·05) and malondialdehyde (r = −0·258, P < 0·05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that circulating irisin, adiponectin, FFA and BMI were independently associated with EDV after adjusting for covariates (R2 = 0·457, F = 8·766, P = 0·000).ConclusionsCirculating irisin level was decreased in nonhypertensive, nondiabetic obese subjects compared with lean healthy control. Lower levels of irisin are independently associated with endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, irisin may be involved in the regulation of endothelial function in obesity.