bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decisiones sobre las personas: Un análisis psicosocial de los procesos clasificatorios
Authors: Villegas Julio F. 
Published: April 2014

El trabajo presenta una nuea perspectiva para el examen de los procesos de percepción interpersonal. Se destaca tanto el interés psicosocial, como las posibilidades clásicas de explicación para estos eventos, of reciéndose al mismo tiempo una explicación alternativa basada en una conception amplia de la toma de decisiones. Finalmente, se reporta un ejemplo de investigation empírica en proceso, referida específicamente al tema.
La Experiencia personal como origen de estilos atributivos diferenciales
Authors: de la Torre Alberto , Sánchez José Javier 
Published: April 2014

En este estudio se analizan los estilos atribucionales, para dos situaciones concretas y cotidianas—el desempleo y el fracaso escolar—, según el grado de implicación personal para ambos hechos. Considerando variables dependientes, no habituales en la investigación de Teoría de Atribución, se confirma la existencia de un proceso de variabilidad en la realización de atribuciones, tomando como criterio distintivo la experiencia personal que los sujetos tienen en las situaciones propuestas. Se sugieren, por último, algunas hipótesis que pueden explicar estas diferencias.
Controlar o incontrolável: esquemas cognitivos de adaptação ao risco sismico
Authors: Lima M. L. 
Published: April 2014

Este artigo procura a analisar as estratégias cognitivas utilizadas pelos individuos para lidar com a incerteza associada ao risco sísmico. Postula-se a existência de esquemas de controlo cognitivo de incerteza que teriam como funçâo eliminar a insegurança e a ansiedade associadas à percepçâo do risco sísmico, e restaurar o sentimento de controlo sobre o ambiente. Estes esquemas seriam criados na interacção social e teriam relação com outras formas de pensamento social desenvolvida pelos individuos e pelos grupos. Apresenta-se um estudo realizado com 300 sujeitos em que estas ideias foram testadas e em que se encontrou apoio para a existência de três esquemas de controlo: um esquema religioso, um esquema político-técnico e um esquema científico. Foram encontradas diferenças na utilizaçâo destes esquemas em funçâo das inserções sociais objectivas dos sujeitos, e associações entre a utilização destes esquemas e a preocupação com a ocorrência futura de um sismo, e com a atribuição de responsabilidade pelo colapso de edifícios no caso de ocorrência de um tremor de terra.
Teorías Intuitivas sobre Memoria de Testigos: un examen de Metamemoria
Authors: Mira José Joaquín , Diges Margarita 
Published: April 2014

La calidad del testimonio de un testigo depende tanto de su exactitud como de su credibilidad. Sin embargo, hasta la fecha la mayor parte de las investigaciones sólo se habían ocupado de la exactitud de testigos y testimonios. Partiendo del concepto de metamemoria se analizan las creencias sobre la memoria de los testigos, presentando dos estudios interrelacionados. En el primero, en el que participan 333 sujetos, se ponen a prueba dos hipótesis: que las personas con experiencia en testimonio por su profesión (p. e. policías) poseen más ideas intuitivas acertadas sobre memoria de testigos que las personas sin esa experiencia; la segunda, que las personas con concimientos sobre memoria (p. e. estudiantes de psicología) poseer más ideas intuitivas ciertas sobre memoria de testigos que las personas sin esos conocimientos. Los resultados del primer estudio apoyan solo la segunda hipótesis. El segundo estudio, con 42 policías, valora la eficacia de un procedimiento para entrenar a policías como expertos en testimonio, con resultados positivos.
Un estudio de modelos femeninos en una muestra de adolescentes chilenas
Authors: Milicic Neva , Alcalay Lidia , Torretti Alejandra 
Published: April 2014

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue estudiar qué mujeres iberoamericanas tenían un valor de modelo y cuáles eran sus características, en una muestra de U6 adolescentes mujeres del Area Metropolitana de Santiago de Chile, estratificada en tres niveles socioeconómicos. El análisis estadístico de los resultados indicó un bajo nivel de información en los tres estratos socioeconómicos, tanto en relación a las mujeres que han aportado en el devenir histórico, como en relación a las mujeres contemporáneas. Se observaron diferencias significativas de información entre los tres niveles socioeconómicos, siendo mayor el nivel de desinformación de las adolescentes del nivel socioeconómico bajo. El rango de mujeres mencionadas como significativas, tanto históricas como contemporáneas, reflejó poca variedad en los modelos. La mayor parte de las mujeres históricas mencionadas son chilenas, encontrándose una muy pequeña proporción de mujeres del resto de Iberoamérica.
Procesos sociocognitivos de la influencia minoritaria
Authors: Pérez Juan Antonio , Roux Patricia , Mugny Gabriel 
Published: April 2014

Se presenta un experimento (plan 2x2x2; N = 180) en el que se estudia la influencia directa e indirecta de una minoría en función: a) del grado de conflicto inducido por la retórica minoritaria; b) de si los jucicios mayoritarios son independientes o interdependientes; c) de las implicaciones altas o bajas del cambio de actitudes. Los resultados muestran que, como previsto por el modelo de la disociación de la comparación y de la validación, cuando los juicios son efectuados de modo independiente, la influencia aumenta en función directa del conflicto inducido por la retórica minoritaria. Esta influencia se inhibe a nivel directo y se desplaza hacia un nivel indirecto en la condiciones en las que se acentúa el costo social del cambio.
Identidad de género, ética protestante y atribución de causalidad
Authors: Echabe Agustín Echebarría , Gárate José F. Valencia 
Published: April 2014

El artículo analiza una doble problemática en tomo a la identidad de género: (a) los determinantes sociales de la identidad de género y (b) los sesgos preceptivos-cognitivos en la evaluación y explicación de acciones desarrolladas por un actor según su pertenencia sexual. Se concluye que la génesis de las diferencias en las identidades sociales de hombres y mujeres esta ligada a la distribución social del trabajo en función del sexo. Igualmente se confirma la existencia de sesgos perceptivo-cognitivos en la evaluación de acciones sociales.
Akt induces down regulation of MUC5AC production in NCI-H292 human airway epithelial cells cultured on extracellular matrix
Authors: Iwashita Jun , Ito Yuho , Yokoo Mari , Takahashi Sunao , Murata Jun 
Published: April 2014

AbstractMUC5AC mucin overproduction is a key feature of asthma as contributes to airway obstruction. The production of MUC5AC is regulated in part by signals from extracellular matrix via integrin pathways, but it remains largely unclear. We investigated the role of Akt, a typical signal transducer in the integrin pathway, in the regulation of MUC5AC production. When NCI-H292 human airway epithelial cells were cultured on laminin or Matrigel, we found that the activity of Akt was suppressed, as compared to control cells with upregulated MUC5AC production. In contrast, Akt was activated in cells cultured on type IV collagen with downregulated MUC5AC production. The Akt inhibitor induced upregulation of MUC5AC. In contrast, overexpression of active Akt induced downregulation of MUC5AC production. These results suggest that a signal from laminin or Matrigel induces upregulation of MUC5AC by suppressing Akt activity, whereas a signal from type IV collagen induces downregulation of MUC5AC, mediated by Akt activation.
Pressure effects on the chimeric 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenases of the deep-sea piezophilic Shewanella benthica and the atmospheric pressure-adapted Shewanella oneidensis
Authors: Hamajima Yuki , Nagae Takayuki , Watanabe Nobuhisa , Kato-Yamada Yasuyuki , Imai Takeo , Kato Chiaki 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The chimeric 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase enzymes were constructed from the deep-sea piezophilic Shewanella benthica and the shallow water Shewanella oneidensis genes. The properties of the enzymatic activities under pressure conditions indicated that the central region, which contained the active center and the dimer forming domains, was shown to be the most important region for pressure tolerance in the deep-sea enzyme.
Mechanisms of induction of the stress-responsive transcription factors HsfA2 and DREB2A by 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Masuda Shinji , Tokaji Yoshihito , Kobayashi Yuichi , Ohta Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
OPDA (12-oxo-phytodienoic acid) not only is an intermediate in jasmonic acid biosynthesis but also regulates gene expression, although mechanisms of OPDA-induced signaling are largely unknown. Here, we measured transcriptional responses of the OPDA-responsive genes HsfA2 and DREB2A to the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide and to the HSP90 inhibitor geldanamycin. The results suggest that HSP90 and other proteins suppress the expression.
Nocturnal phosphorylation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in the leaves of hygrophytic C3 monocots
Authors: Fukayama Hiroshi , Fujiwara Naoko , Hatanaka Tomoko , Misoo Shuji , Miyao Mitsue 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) undergoes activity regulation through reversible phosphorylation. The day/night phosphorylation of leaf PEPC in 27 C3 plant species was analyzed by immunoblotting. PEPC was phosphorylated in the daytime in 12 species, whereas it was phosphorylated at night in three species, rice, Monochoria vaginalis, and Sagittaria trifolia, all of which are hygrophytic monocots. Immunoblot analysis of isolated chloroplasts of M. vaginalis identified a PEPC protein inside the chloroplast in addition to cytosolic isozyme(s) as previously shown in genus Oryza. Using transgenic rice overexpressing the maize PEPC in the cytosol, we confirmed that the cytosolic PEPC underwent the nocturnal phosphorylation. These results suggest the interrelationship between the presence of chloroplastic PEPC and the nocturnal phosphorylation of cytosolic isozyme(s).
Automorphism groups of Calabi-Yau manifolds of Picard number 2
Authors: Oguiso Keiji 
Published: April 2014

We prove that the automorphism group of an odd dimensional Calabi-Yau manifold of Picard number

2
2

is always a finite group. This makes a sharp contrast to the automorphism groups of K3 surfaces and hyperkähler manifolds and birational automorphism groups, as we shall see. We also clarify the relation between finiteness of the automorphism group (resp. birational automorphism group) and the rationality of the nef cone (resp. movable cone) for a hyperkähler manifold of Picard number

2
2

. We will also discuss a similar conjectual relation together with the exsistence of a rational curve, expected by the cone conjecture, for a Calabi-Yau threefold of Picard number

2
2

.
Regulatory interactions maintaining self-renewal of human embryonic stem cells as revealed through a systems analysis of PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Mathew Shibin , Sundararaj Sankaramanivel , Mamiya Hikaru , Banerjee Ipsita 
Published: April 2014

Motivation: Maintenance of the self-renewal state in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) is the foremost critical step for regenerative therapy applications. The insulin-mediated PI3K/AKT pathway is well appreciated as being the central pathway supporting hESC self-renewal; however, the regulatory interactions in the pathway that maintain cell state are not yet known. Identification of these regulatory pathway components will be critical for designing targeted interventions to facilitate a completely defined platform for hESC propagation and differentiation. Here, we have developed a systems analysis approach to identify regulatory components that control PI3K/AKT pathway in self-renewing hESCs.
Results: A detailed mathematical model was adopted to explain the complex regulatory interactions in the PI3K/AKT pathway. We evaluated globally sensitive processes of the pathway in a computationally efficient manner by replacing the detailed model by a surrogate meta-model. Our mathematical analysis, supported by experimental validation, reveals that negative regulators of the molecules IRS1 and PIP3 primarily govern the steady state of the pathway in hESCs. Among the regulators, negative feedback via IRS1 reduces the sensitivity of various reactions associated with direct trunk of the pathway and also constraints the propagation of parameter uncertainty to the levels of post receptor signaling molecules. Furthermore, our results suggest that inhibition of negative feedback can significantly increase p-AKT levels and thereby, better support hESC self-renewal. Our integrated mathematical modeling and experimental workflow demonstrates the significant advantage of computationally efficient meta-model approaches to detect sensitive targets from signaling pathways.
Availability and implementation: FORTRAN codes for the PI3K/AKT pathway and the RS-HDMR implementation are available from the authors upon request.
Contact: ipb1@pitt.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary Data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Power analysis and sample size estimation for sequence-based association studies
Authors: Wang Gao T. , Li Biao , Lyn Santos-Cortez Regie P. , Peng Bo , Leal Suzanne M. 
Published: April 2014

Motivation: Statistical methods have been developed to test for complex trait rare variant (RV) associations, in which variants are aggregated across a region, which is typically a gene. Power analysis and sample size estimation for sequence-based RV association studies are challenging because of the necessity to realistically model the underlying allelic architecture of complex diseases within a suitable analytical framework to assess the performance of a variety of RV association methods in an unbiased manner.
Summary: We developed SEQPower, a software package to perform statistical power analysis for sequence-based association data under a variety of genetic variant and disease phenotype models. It aids epidemiologists in determining the best study design, sample size and statistical tests for sequence-based association studies. It also provides biostatisticians with a platform to fairly compare RV association methods and to validate and assess novel association tests.
Availability and implementation: The SEQPower program, source code, multi-platform executables, documentation, list of association tests, examples and tutorials are available at http://bioinformatics.org/spower.
Contact: sleal@bcm.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary Data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Unexpectedly Good Soft Wheat Quality from a Hard × Soft Cross
Authors: Kongraksawech Teepakorn , Ross Andrew S. , Peterson C. James , Heesacker Adam F. , Larson Mark J. 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTThe soft‐grained progeny of a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was characterized for a comprehensive set of quality traits and associated quantitative trait loci (QTLs). The population was derived from the cross Tubbs (soft grained) × NSA 98‐0995 (hard grained) and was grown in two crop years in Corvallis, Oregon. Transgressive segregation was observed for all of the studied traits. Hardness index was significantly correlated with several important traits related to the absorption capacity of the flour for diagnostic aqueous solvents. Five lines with a desired combination of superior soft wheat quality traits were also identified. Fifteen QTLs were detected on nine wheat chromosomes for eight traits. The observed transgressive segregation was useful, because RILs with potentially above average soft wheat quality were unexpectedly identified in this hard × soft cross. The QTLs identified in this study could be useful in marker‐assisted selection for future preselection of progeny from Tubbs, NSA, or closely related genotypes.
Cavitation Resistance in Seedless Vascular Plants: The Structure and Function of Interconduit Pit Membranes
Authors: Brodersen Craig , Jansen Steven , Choat Brendan , Rico Christopher , Pittermann Jarmila 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Plant water transport occurs through interconnected xylem conduits that are separated by partially digested regions in the cell wall known as pit membranes. These structures have a dual function. Their porous construction facilitates water movement between conduits while limiting the spread of air that may enter the conduits and render them dysfunctional during a drought. Pit membranes have been well studied in woody plants, but very little is known about their function in more ancient lineages such as seedless vascular plants. Here, we examine the relationships between conduit air seeding, pit hydraulic resistance, and pit anatomy in 10 species of ferns (pteridophytes) and two lycophytes. Air seeding pressures ranged from 0.8 ± 0.15 MPa (mean ± sd) in the hydric fern Athyrium filix-femina to 4.9 ± 0.94 MPa in Psilotum nudum, an epiphytic species. Notably, a positive correlation was found between conduit pit area and vulnerability to air seeding, suggesting that the rare-pit hypothesis explains air seeding in early-diverging lineages much as it does in many angiosperms. Pit area resistance was variable but averaged 54.6 MPa s m−1 across all surveyed pteridophytes. End walls contributed 52% to the overall transport resistance, similar to the 56% in angiosperm vessels and 64% in conifer tracheids. Taken together, our data imply that, irrespective of phylogenetic placement, selection acted on transport efficiency in seedless vascular plants and woody plants in equal measure by compensating for shorter conduits in tracheid-bearing plants with more permeable pit membranes.
Optimal replacement age of a conventional cotton harvester system
Authors: Ibendahl Gregory , Farrell Matthew , Spurlock Stan , Tack Jesse 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The cotton industry has seen many technological advances throughout history that have greatly decreased the number of labor hours required to produce a bale of cotton. The latest advancement is a harvesting system that replaces the harvester, boll buggy, and module builder with a single machine. This is an asset replacement decision where there are multiple assets being replaced but the old technology (the defender assets) may all have different remaining lives and optimal lifespans. The purpose of this paper is to find the optimal time to replace the multiple defender assets with a single challenger asset (the improved technology). The goal is to determine if the ages of the boll buggy and the module builder affect the replacement age of the conventional picker.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper extends the Perrin model to allow for multiple defender assets.

Findings
– The paper finds that the supporting assets do sometimes affect the decision to replace a conventional cotton picker. If the supporting assets are newer, then the replacement decision may be delayed and if the supporting assets are older then the replacement decision may be accelerated. Field efficiency can affect the decision as well.

Originality/value
– While the Perrin model has been used extensively, the authors believe the application to a multiple asset defender is unique. Although this type of replacement decision is not common, there could be other applications as new technology is introduced on the farm.
Corporate social responsibility in Sub-Saharan Africa: hindering and supporting factors
Authors: Benon-be-isan Nyuur Richard , F. Ofori Daniel , Debrah Yaw 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– In recent years, the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has gained recognition and importance in both business and political settings. While considerable research has been conducted on CSR in developed countries, the extant literature on CSR in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is scant and CSR is seen in terms of philanthropy. This paper aims to examine CSR from a broader perspective and in particular to identify the factors that hinder and promote CSR activities in SSA using the Smit (2009) CSR Value Chain Model.Design/methodology/approach– This paper is based on data obtained from a survey conducted by GTZ (now GIZ) on factors promoting and hindering CSR in SSA. The study surveyed 85 companies from six countries, namely; South Africa, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique and Namibia. The study essentially examined the internal and external CSR environments of the companies in the participating countries.Findings– The study revealed that there are nine key promoting and hindering factors of CSR for businesses in SSA. These include: leadership and governance, policy framework, project management, monitoring, evaluation and reporting, stakeholder engagement, staff engagement, government, funding and beneficiation. The study recommends a systemic and context-sensitive approach that relies on the potential of organisations and communities to design and implement their own solution within global frameworks in order to further develop CSR in the region.Research limitations/implications– There are a number of limitations in this study. First, this study did not include any informants from the responding organisations’ stakeholder groups, but relied mainly on information obtained from single respondents from organisations. Further research should include responses from other stakeholder groups.Practical implications– To promote or achieve the successful implementation of CSR and broaden its scope within the region beyond its current focus on philanthropy, managers must build bridges with their stakeholders through both formal and informal dialogues and engagement practices. Additionally, firms may enhance and maximise both social and economic value created when managers link their CSR activities to areas that improve firms’ long-term competitive potential by collectively and systematically applying their distinctive strengths to such activities in accordance with the value chain model.Originality/value– The finding in this study is novel and adds an important contribution to the developing CSR literature in the SSA region.