bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous thoracolumbar hematomyelia secondary to hemophilia B in a cat
Authors: Barnard Laura R , Leblond Guillaume , Nykamp Stephanie G , Gaitero Luis 
Published: July 2015

Case summary A 10-year-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat presented for evaluation of acute onset of paraplegia with loss of nociception and thoracolumbar spine hyperesthesia and no history of trauma. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) was markedly prolonged, and specific coagulation factor testing revealed a factor IX level of 4% of normal activity, confirming the presence of mild hemophilia B. Prior abnormal bleeding had occurred at the time of castration as a kitten, as well as with laceration to a toe. Advanced imaging, including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the thoracolumbar spine, confirmed the presence of multifocal intradural and intramedullary spinal cord hemorrhage through demonstration of focal ring enhancement on CT and multifocal areas of signal void on gradient echo T2* images on MRI. Despite factor IX supplementation through the use of fresh frozen plasma transfusions and normalization of the aPTT time, the cat’s neurological status did not improve. Owing to repeated urinary tract infections, with increasing resistance to antibiotic therapy, the cat was ultimately euthanized. Post-mortem examination showed no evidence of another underlying primary pathology for the hematomyelia. Relevance and novel information To our knowledge, this case demonstrates the first reported occurrence of spontaneous hematomyelia secondary to hemophilia B in a cat.
Atrial septal defect closure through a right thoracotomy in adults
Authors: Ishida Narihiro , Shimabukuro Katsuya , Ogura Hiroki , Iwata Hisashi 
Published: July 2015

Background: Minimally invasive approaches have become a feature of cardiac surgery. We compared the outcomes of atrial septal defect closure through either a right thoracotomy or a median sternotomy in adults. Methods: Patients who underwent atrial septal defect closure of ostium secundum defects through either a right thoracotomy ( n = 14) or a median sternotomy ( n = 7) were analyzed. The atrial septal defect was closed with cardiac arrest of the ascending aorta clamped under a cardiopulmonary bypass in both groups. Results: The preoperative characteristics of the two groups did not significantly differ. The durations of cardiopulmonary bypass and of cardiac arrest were significantly longer, but the amount of intraoperative blood loss was significantly lower, in the right thoracotomy than in the median sternotomy group. The early postoperative course did not significantly differ between the groups, whereas postoperative minor complications developed in three and two patients in the right thoracotomy and median sternotomy groups, respectively. Conclusion: The outcomes of atrial septal defect closure through a right thoracotomy and a median sternotomy were comparable, suggesting that right thoracotomy is a safe and effective alternative to median sternotomy for atrial septal defect closure in adults.
Transmembrane TNF-α preferentially expressed by leukemia stem cells and blasts is a potent target for antibody therapy
Authors: Zhou Xiaoxi , Zhou Shiqiu , Li Baihua , Li Qinlu , Gao Lili , Li Dan , Gong Quan , Zhu Li , Wang Jue , Wang Na , Huang Liang , Zhao Lei , Li Zhuoya , Zhou Jianfeng 
Published: July 2015

Key Points
tmTNF-α expressed on LSC and leukemia cells correlates with poor risk stratification and adverse clinical parameters. Targeting tmTNF-α by monoclonal antibody eradicates LSC and blasts, preventing leukemia regeneration in secondary transplant in NOD-SCID mice.
Ezh2 loss in hematopoietic stem cells predisposes mice to develop heterogeneous malignancies in an Ezh1-dependent manner
Authors: Mochizuki-Kashio Makiko , Aoyama Kazumasa , Sashida Goro , Oshima Motohiko , Tomioka Takahisa , Muto Tomoya , Wang Changshan , Iwama Atsushi 
Published: July 2015

Key Points
Ezh2 loss in hematopoietic stem cells predisposes mice to develop heterogeneous hematologic malignancies. Ezh1 is essential to maintain hematopoiesis in the setting of Ezh2 loss.
So rare we need to hunt for them: reframing the ethical debate on incidental findings
Authors: Schuol Sebastian , Schickhardt Christoph , Wiemann Stefan , Bartram Claus R. , Tanner Klaus , Eils Roland , Meder Benjamin , Richter Daniela , Glimm Hanno , von Kalle Christof , Winkler Eva C. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIncidental findings are the subject of intense ethical debate in medical genomic research. Every human genome contains a number of potentially disease-causing alterations that may be detected during comprehensive genetic analyses to investigate a specific condition. Yet available evidence shows that the frequency of incidental findings in research is much lower than expected. In this Opinion, we argue that the reason for the low level of incidental findings is that the filtering techniques and methods that are applied during the routine handling of genomic data remove these alterations. As incidental findings are systematically filtered out, it is now time to evaluate whether the ethical debate is focused on the right issues. We conclude that the key question is whether to deliberately target and search for disease-causing variations outside the indication that has originally led to the genetic analysis, for instance by using positive lists and algorithms.
Common fixed point theorems for three pairs of self-mappings satisfying the common $(E.A)$ property in Menger probabilistic G-metric spaces
Authors: Zhu Chuanxi , Tu Qiang , Wu Zhaoqi 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we generalize the algebraic sum ⊕ of Fang. Based on this concept, we prove some common fixed point theorems for three pairs of self-mappings satisfying the common $(E.A)$
(
E
.
A
)
property in Menger $PGM$
P
G
M
-spaces. Finally, an example is given to exemplify our main results.
INSPECT: extending plane-casting for 6-DOF control
Authors: Katzakis Nicholas , Teather Robert J , Kiyokawa Kiyoshi , Takemura Haruo 
Published: July 2015

AbstractINSPECT is a novel interaction technique for 3D object manipulation using a rotation-only tracked touch panel. Motivated by the applicability of the technique on smartphones, we explore this design space by introducing a way to map the available degrees of freedom and discuss the design decisions that were made. We subjected INSPECT to a formal user study against a baseline wand interaction technique using a Polhemus tracker. Results show that INSPECT is 12% faster in a 3D translation task while at the same time being 40% more accurate. INSPECT also performed similar to the wand at a 3D rotation task and was preferred by the users overall.
Dehydroandrographolide enhances innate immunity of intestinal tract through up-regulation the expression of hBD-2
Authors: Xiong Wen-Bi , Shao Zhen-Jun , Xiong Yao , Chen Jian , Sun Yun , Zhu Ling , Zhou Li-Ming 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

Background
Dehydroandrographolide (DA) is one of major active components in the well-known oriental herbal medicine Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f) Nees which belongs to the Acanthaceae family. DA is used for the treatment of infections in China. However, DA has not been found to significantly inhibit bacterial and viral growth directly. The current study investigates the effect of DA on the expression of human β –defensin-2 (hBD-2) in human intestinal epithelial cells and the possible signaling pathways.

Methods
Human intestinal epithelial HCT-116 cells were incubated with 1–100 μM DA for 2–24 h. RT–PCR and Western blot were used to assess the expression of hBD-2. The specific inhibitors were used and the levels of phosphorylation of signaling molecules were detected for dissecting the signaling pathways leading to the induction of hBD-2.

Results
MTT assay showed there was no obvious cytotoxicity for HCT-116 cells by 1–100 μM DA treatment. RT-PCR and Western blot assays showed that DA (1–100 μM) could up-regulate the expression of hBD-2, and the effect lasted longer than 24 h. By using SB203580 and SB202190 (inhibitors of p38), the enhancement of hBD-2 expression were significantly attenuated. However, inhibitor of ERK and inhibitor of JNK could not block the effect of DA. Furthermore, Western blot found activation of p38 but not ERK and JNK in DA-treated HCT-116 cells.

Conclusion
The results suggested that DA enhanced innate immunity of intestinal tract by up-regulating the expression of hBD-2 through the p38 MAPK pathways.
Comparing voxel-based absorbed dosimetry methods in tumors, liver, lung, and at the liver-lung interface for 90Y microsphere selective internal radiation therapy
Authors: Mikell Justin K , Mahvash Armeen , Siman Wendy , Mourtada Firas , Kappadath S Cheenu 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

Background
To assess differences between four different voxel-based dosimetry methods (VBDM) for tumor, liver, and lung absorbed doses following 90Y microsphere selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) based on 90Y bremsstrahlung SPECT/CT, a secondary objective was to estimate the sensitivity of liver and lung absorbed doses due to differences in organ segmentation near the liver-lung interface.

Methods
Investigated VBDM were Monte Carlo (MC), soft-tissue kernel with density correction (SKD), soft-tissue kernel (SK), and local deposition (LD). Seventeen SIRT cases were analyzed. Mean absorbed doses (

$$ \overline{AD} $$

AD
¯

) were calculated for tumor, non-tumoral liver (NL), and right lung (RL). Simulations with various SPECT spatial resolutions (FHWMs) and multiple lung shunt fractions (LSs) estimated the accuracy of VBDM at the liver-lung interface. Sensitivity of patient RL and NL

$$ \overline{AD} $$

AD
¯

on segmentation near the interface was assessed by excluding portions near the interface.

Results
SKD, SK, and LD were within 5 % of MC for tumor and NL

$$ \overline{AD} $$

AD
¯

. LD and SKD overestimated RL

$$ \overline{AD} $$

AD
¯

compared to MC on average by 17 and 20 %, respectively; SK underestimated RL

$$ \overline{AD} $$

AD
¯

on average by −60 %. Simulations (20 mm FWHM, 20 % LS) showed that SKD, LD, and MC were within 10 % of the truth deep (>39 mm) in the lung; SK significantly underestimated the absorbed dose deep in the lung by approximately −70 %. All VBDM were within 10 % of truth deep (>12 mm) in the liver. Excluding 1, 2, and 3 cm of RL near the interface changed the resulting RL

$$ \overline{AD} $$

AD
¯

by −22, −38, and −48 %, respectively, for all VBDM. An average change of −7 % in the NL

$$ \overline{AD} $$

AD
¯

was realized when excluding 3 cm of NL from the interface.

$$ \overline{AD} $$

AD
¯

was realized when excluding 3 cm of NL from the interface.

Conclusions
SKD, SK, and LD are equivalent to MC for tumor and NL

$$ \overline{AD} $$

AD
¯

. SK underestimates RL

$$ \overline{AD} $$

AD
¯

relative to MC whereas LD and SKD overestimate. RL

$$ \overline{AD} $$

AD
¯

is strongly influenced by the liver-lung interface.
Fluvial reservoirs stacked in thin deltaic successions of the Lower Cretaceous Grand Rapids Formation, east-central Alberta, Canada
Authors: Pouderoux Hugo F. , Pedersen Per K. , Coderre Adam B. 
Published: July 2015

The Manatokan Field in east-central Alberta offers a unique opportunity to characterize paralic sandstone reservoirs in 3D using a dense network of well data (approximately [Formula: see text]). Within the [Formula: see text] study area, the 100-m thick Lower Cretaceous Grand Rapids Formation is dominantly composed of sediment deposited in two depositional environments: river-dominated deltas and marine-influenced fluvial rivers. Up to 33 individual fluvial bodies, occurring at five stratigraphic levels and eroding into deltaic parasequences, are identified in the oil-charged upper part of the formation. The width and thickness of fluvial bodies typically range from 50 to 9000 m and from 5 to 50 m, respectively. Examination of cores, wireline logs, and strategically located 3D seismic data indicates that fluvial bodies are dominantly filled by inclined heterolithic deposits emplaced as downflow translation point bars (PBs) separated by mud-filled abandoned channels. Although individual PBs are relatively small ([Formula: see text]), the dense subsurface data set provides the means to build facies maps that illustrate their internal architecture and the distribution of reservoir heterogeneities. Reservoir-quality sandstone occurs on the upstream portion of PBs and usually forms continuous beds along the base of fluvial bodies that extend underneath abandoned channel deposits. High reservoir connectivity along the base of these heterolithic fluvial bodies constitutes a major advantage for heavy oil reservoir production driven by gravity. Core evidences also indicate potential communication between fluvial bodies and surrounding deltaic sandstones or older underlying fluvial reservoirs, which may lead to unexpected results during field development. The Grand Rapids Formation provides a good subsurface analogue of complex marginal-marine clastic reservoirs, and its study may help to explain unanticipated production results in similar hydrocarbon areas.
Partitioning of Vanillin in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems Formed by Cholinium Chloride and K3PO4
Authors: Pourebrahimi Fatemeh , Shahriari Shahla , Salehifar Mania , Mozafari Hamid 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
In recent years, the partitioning of food and pharmaceutical materials in ionic liquid-based aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs) has attracted the attention of researchers to itself as a new approach. A new type of these aqueous two-phase systems is based on cholinium chloride. Cholinium chloride is a type of vitamin B, which is an appropriate and biocompatible ionic liquid (IL) for the processes of the extraction and separation in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, with respect to the effective development of aqueous two-phase systems in vanillin separation, an aqueous two-phase system containing cholinium chloride and potassium phosphate salt has been used. The effect of the variables such as the temperature, salt weight fractions, ionic liquid weight fractions, and vanillin concentration on the partitioning coefficient of vanillin was evaluated. The results indicated that by increasing the salt weight fraction and decreasing the cholinium chloride weight fraction, the partition coefficient of vanillin increased. Nevertheless, in all stages the vanillin showed a tendency to migrate toward the ionic liquid-rich phase. The recovery percentage of vanillin showed that the cholinium chloride-based systems have the ability to improve the vanillin recovery in the ionic liquid-rich phase.
The ongoing relevance of acetabular fracture classification
Authors: Hutt J. R. B. , Ortega-Briones A. , Daurka J. S. , Bircher M. D. , Rickman M. S. 
Published: July 2015

The most widely used classification system for acetabular fractures was developed by Judet, Judet and Letournel over 50 years ago primarily to aid surgical planning. As population demographics and injury mechanisms have altered over time, the fracture patterns also appear to be changing. We conducted a retrospective review of the imaging of 100 patients with a mean age of 54.9 years (19 to 94) and a male to female ratio of 69:31 seen between 2010 and 2013 with acetabular fractures in order to determine whether the current spectrum of injury patterns can be reliably classified using the original system. Three consultant pelvic and acetabular surgeons and one senior fellow analysed anonymous imaging. Inter-observer agreement for the classification of fractures that fitted into defined categories was substantial, (κ = 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.51 to 0.76) with improvement to near perfect on inclusion of CT imaging (κ = 0.80, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.91). However, a high proportion of injuries (46%) were felt to be unclassifiable by more than one surgeon; there was moderate agreement on which these were (κ = 0.42 95% CI 0.31 to 0.54). Further review of the unclassifiable fractures in this cohort of 100 patients showed that they tended to occur in an older population (mean age 59.1 years; 22 to 94 vs 47.2 years; 19 to 94; p = 0.003) and within this group, there was a recurring pattern of anterior column and quadrilateral plate involvement, with or without an incomplete posterior element injury. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1139–43.
Revision arthroplasty for periprosthetic femoral fracture using an uncemented modular tapered conical stem
Authors: da Assunção R. E. , Pollard T. C. B. , Hrycaiczuk A. , Curry J. , Glyn-Jones S. , Taylor A. 
Published: July 2015

Periprosthetic femoral fracture (PFF) is a potentially devastating complication after total hip arthroplasty, with historically high rates of complication and failure because of the technical challenges of surgery, as well as the prevalence of advanced age and comorbidity in the patients at risk. This study describes the short-term outcome after revision arthroplasty using a modular, titanium, tapered, conical stem for PFF in a series of 38 fractures in 37 patients. The mean age of the cohort was 77 years (47 to 96). A total of 27 patients had an American Society of Anesthesiologists grade of at least 3. At a mean follow-up of 35 months (4 to 66) the mean Oxford Hip Score (OHS) was 35 (15 to 48) and comorbidity was significantly associated with a poorer OHS. All fractures united and no stem needed to be revised. Three hips in three patients required further surgery for infection, recurrent PFF and recurrent dislocation and three other patients required closed manipulation for a single dislocation. One stem subsided more than 5 mm but then stabilised and required no further intervention. In this series, a modular, tapered, conical stem provided a versatile reconstruction solution with a low rate of complications. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1031–7.
The functional and financial impact of isolated and recurrent dislocation after total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Abdel M. P. , Cross M. B. , Yasen A. T. , Haddad F. S. 
Published: July 2015

The aims of this study were to determine the functional impact and financial burden of isolated and recurrent dislocation after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Our secondary goal was to determine whether there was a difference between patients who were treated non-operatively and those who were treated operatively.We retrospectively reviewed 71 patients who had suffered dislocation of a primary THA. Their mean age was 67 years (41 to 92) and the mean follow-up was 3.8 years (2.1 to 8.2).Because patients with recurrent dislocation were three times more likely to undergo operative treatment (p < 0.0001), they ultimately had a significantly higher mean Harris Hip Score (HHS) (p = 0.0001), lower mean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scores (p = 0.001) and a higher mean SF-12 score (p < 0.0001) than patients with a single dislocation. Likewise, those who underwent operative treatment had a higher mean HHS (p < 0.0001), lower mean WOMAC score (p < 0.0001) and a higher mean SF-12 score (p < 0.0001) than those who were treated non-operatively.Recurrent dislocation and operative treatment increased costs by 300% (£11 456; p < 0.0001) and 40% (£5217; p < 0.0001), respectively.The operative treatment of recurrent dislocation results in significantly better function than non-operative management. Moreover, the increase in costs for operative treatment is modest compared with that of non-operative measures.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015; 97-B:1046–9.
Revisiting the ‘bag of bones’
Authors: Aitken S. A. , Jenkins P. J. , Rymaszewski L. 
Published: July 2015

The best method of managing a fracture of the distal humerus in a frail low-demand patient with osteoporotic bone remains controversial. Total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) has been recommended for patients in whom open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is not possible. Conservative methods of treatment, including the ‘bag of bones’ technique (acceptance of displacement of the bony fragments and early mobilisation), are now rarely considered as they are believed to give a poor functional result.We reviewed 40 elderly and low-demand patients (aged 50 to 93 years, 72% women) with a fracture of the distal humerus who had been treated conservatively at our hospital between March 2008 and December 2013, and assessed their short- and medium-term functional outcome.In the short-term, the mean Broberg and Morrey score improved from 42 points (poor; 23 to 80) at six weeks after injury to 67 points (fair; 40 to 88) by three months.In the medium-term, surviving patients (n = 20) had a mean Oxford elbow score of 30 points (7 to 48) at four years and a mean Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score of 38 points (0 to 75): 95% reported a functional range of elbow flexion. The cumulative rate of fracture union at one year was 53%. The mortality at five years approached 40%.Conservative management of a fracture of the distal humerus in a low-demand patient only gives a modest functional result, but avoids the substantial surgical risks associated with primary ORIF or TEA.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1132–8.
The change in position of the sciatic nerve during the posterior approach to the hip
Authors: Kanawati A. J. , Narulla R. S. , Lorentzos P. , Facchetti G. , Smith A. , Stewart F. 
Published: July 2015

The aim of this cadaver study was to identify the change in position of the sciatic nerve during arthroplasty using the posterior surgical approach to the hip. We investigated the position of the nerve during this procedure by dissecting 11 formalin-treated cadavers (22 hips: 12 male, ten female). The distance between the sciatic nerve and the femoral neck was measured before and after dislocation of the hip, and in positions used during the preparation of the femur. The nerve moves closer to the femoral neck when the hip is flexed to > 30° and internally rotated to 90° (90° IR). The mean distance between the nerve and femoral neck was 43.1 mm (standard deviation (sd) 8.7) with the hip at 0° of flexion and 90° IR; this significantly decreased to a mean of 36.1 mm (sd 9.5), 28.8 mm (sd 9.8) and 19.1 mm (sd 9.7) at 30°, 60° and 90° of hip flexion respectively (p < 0.001). In two hips the nerve was in contact with the femoral neck when the hip was flexed to 90°.This study demonstrates that the sciatic nerve becomes closer to the operative field during hip arthroplasty using the posterior approach with progressive flexion of the hip.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1056–62.
A patient’s recollection of pre-operative status is not accurate one year after arthroplasty of the hip or knee
Authors: Murphy M. T. , Vardi R. , Journeaux S. F. , Whitehouse S. L. 
Published: July 2015

If patients could recall their physical status before total hip (THA) or knee arthroplasty (TKA) accurately it could have valuable applications both clinically and for research. This study evaluated the accuracy of a patient’s recollection one year after either THA or TKA using the Oxford hip or knee scores (OHS and OKS). In total, 113 patients (59 THA, 54 TKA) who had completed the appropriate score pre-operatively were asked to complete the score again at a mean of 12.4 months (standard deviation (sd) 0.8) after surgery, recalling their pre-operative state. While there were no significant differences between the actual and recalled pre-operative scores (OHS mean difference 0.8, sd 6.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.82 to 2.42, p = 0.329; OKS mean difference -0.11, sd 7.34, 95% CI -2.11 to 1.89, p = 0.912), absolute differences were relatively large (OHS, 5.24; OKS, 5.41), correlation was weak (OHS r = 0.7, OKS r = 0.61) and agreement between actual and recalled responses for individual questions was poor in half of the OHS and two thirds of the OKS. A patient’s recollection of pre-operative pain and function is inaccurate one year after THA or TKA. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1070–5.