bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of casein bioactive peptides on performance, nutrient digestibility, enzyme activity and intestinal microbial population in broiler chickens
Authors: Mokhtari Raziyeh , Fard Mohammad Kazemi , Rezaei Mansour , Dirandeh Essa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of bioactive peptides derived from casein on performance, nutrient digestibility, enzyme activity and intestinal microbial population in broiler chickens. In this study, 350 1‐day‐old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were distributed among 35 pens in a completely randomized design with seven treatments, five replicates and 10 chicks in each replicate. The experimental treatments included: basal diet without any additives (control), basal diet + Avilamycin antibiotic, basal diet + 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mg of peptides per kg of diet. Results showed no significant effects of the experimental treatments on weight gain and feed conversion ratio during the starter period, but there was a significant improvement in weight gain in grower, finisher and whole periods in chicks fed with diet containing 1000 mg/kg peptides (p < 0.05). Adding peptides improved intestinal morphology (in duodenum and ileum) (p < 0.05). Supplementation of casein peptides significantly reduced thiobarbituric acid reactive substances concentration in breast and thigh meat. The activity of amylase, lipase and protease enzymes improved in treatments containing 800 and 1000 mg peptides in comparison to the control treatment. The use of casein‐peptides increased intestinal Lactobacillus and decreased Coliform populations.
Investigation of burnout and quality of work life of cardiac surgery nurses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Celikturk Doruker Nihal , Demir Korkmaz Fatma 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe care processes of cardiac surgery patients are difficult, complex and stressful. Nurses, who have an important role in the care of these patients, may experience burnout or poor quality of work life may be affected because of difficult care processes, and professional difficulties.AimThis study analysed burnout and quality of work life in cardiac surgery nurses.Study DesignThis cross‐sectional study was conducted with 68 nurses in the clinic and intensive care unit of a university hospital's cardiovascular surgery department. Clinical nurses care for inpatients in this department, while intensive care nurses care for patients in the intensive care unit. The ‘Sociodemographic and Descriptive Characteristics of Nurses Form’, ‘Maslach Burnout Inventory’ and ‘Nursing Work Quality of Life Scale’ were used to collect the data.ResultsThe mean score of emotional exhaustion sub‐dimension of Maslach Burnout Inventory was 15.25 ± 5.08 (min: 7, max: 27), the mean score of the personal accomplishment sub‐dimension was 17.48 ± 4.90 (min: 8, max: 27), and the mean score of depersonalization sub‐dimension was 5.60 ± 2.70 (min: 0, max: 13). The mean scores of the emotional exhaustion sub‐dimension (t: −2.380, p: .020, risk ratio [RR]: 1.67, confidence interval [CI]: [14.21, 18.82]) and the personal accomplishment sub‐dimension (t: −2.604, p: .011, RR: 1.00, CI: [16.08, 19.92]) were higher in intensive care nurses. The mean total score of the nursing quality of work life scale was 107.20 ± 14.60 (min: 72, max: 149). A negative statistically significant relationship was found between the mean scores of emotional exhaustion (r: −0.243, p: .045) and depersonalization sub‐dimension (r: −0.325, p: .007) of the Maslach Burnout Scale and the mean total score of the nursing quality of work life scale.ConclusionIn this study, it can be said that cardiac surgery nurses had moderate levels of emotional burnout, personal accomplishment and quality of work life, and low levels of depersonalization. At the same time, it can be seen that intensive care nurses have higher levels of emotional burnout. The increased emotional burnout and depersonalization in nurses decreased the quality of work life.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis study provided an understanding of burnout and quality of work life of cardiac surgery nurses. Strategies can be developed to reduce burnout and improve the quality of the work life of cardiac surgery nurses. Particular attention should be paid to intensive care nurses who experience more burnout on several sub‐dimensions. This may be a good approach to improving the quality of patient care.
Females have lower salivary flow than males, before and after radiation therapy for head/neck cancer
Authors: Lalla Rajesh V. , Helgeson Erika S. , Virk Komal , Lu Han , Treister Nathaniel S. , Sollecito Thomas P. , Schmidt Brian L. , Patton Lauren L. , Lin Alexander , Brennan Michael T. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo compare salivary flow rates between females and males, before and after radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNC).MethodsProspective observational multicenter cohort study (OraRad). Stimulated whole salivary flow was measured before RT and at 6 and 18 months after RT.ResultsMean (95% confidence interval) salivary flow in g/min before RT was 0.81 (0.71, 0.90) in females (n = 107) and 1.20 (1.15, 1.25) in males (n = 391) (p < 0.001); at 6 months was 0.34 (0.24, 0.44) in females and 0.50 (0.44, 0.55) in males (p = 0.01); at 18 months was 0.49 (0.38, 0.59) in females and 0.70 (0.64, 0.75) in males (p < 0.001). Median nadir salivary flow after RT was 0.22 in females and 0.35 in males (p < 0.001). A lower nadir salivary flow in females, but not males, was associated with an increased risk for tooth failure (p = 0.02).ConclusionsFemales with HNC have lower stimulated whole salivary flow than males, before and after RT. Low salivary flow after RT may be a risk factor for tooth failure among females. The lower pre‐RT salivary flow rates in females, combined with prior literature in other populations, indicates that, in general, females have lower stimulated salivary flow than males.
The jasmonate pathway and water loss in rice leaves induced by a stem‐borer inhibit leaf‐feeder growth
Authors: Deng Qinyu , Zhang Xiaohan , Chen Huan , Hao Mengqi , Li Ran , Lou Yonggen , Lu Jing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPlant‐mediated interactions between herbivores play an important role in regulating the composition of herbivore community. The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, which has become one of the most serious pests on corn in China since it invaded in 2018, has been found feeding rice in the field. However, how FAW interacts with native rice insect pests remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the interaction between FAW and a resident herbivore, striped stem borer (SSB, Chilo suppressalis) on rice. The infestation of rice leaf sheaths (LSs) by SSB larvae systemically enhanced the level of jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), and trypsin proteinase inhibitors (TPIs), reduced relative water content (RWC) in leaf blades (LBs), and suppressed the growth of FAW larvae. In contrast, because FAW larvae infested LBs and did not affect defence responses in LSs, they did not influence the performance of SSB larvae. Using different mutants, together with bioassays and chemical analysis, we revealed that SSB‐induced suppression of FAW larvae growth depended on both the SSB‐activated JA pathway and RWC in LBs, whereas the ABA pathway activated by SSB larvae promoted the growth of FAW larvae by impeding water loss. These results provide new insights into mechanisms underlying plant‐mediated interactions between herbivores.
Comparative proteomics analysis of root and nodule mitochondria of soybean
Authors: Sin Wai‐Ching , Liu Jinhong , Zhong Jia Yi , Lam Hon‐Ming , Lim Boon Leong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLegumes perform symbiotic nitrogen fixation through rhizobial bacteroids housed in specialised root nodules. The biochemical process is energy‐intensive and consumes a huge carbon source to generate sufficient reducing power. To maintain the symbiosis, malate is supplied by legume nodules to bacteroids as their major carbon and energy source in return for ammonium ions and nitrogenous compounds. To sustain the carbon supply to bacteroids, nodule cells undergo drastic reorganisation of carbon metabolism. Here, a comprehensive quantitative comparison of the mitochondrial proteomes between root nodules and uninoculated roots was performed using data‐independent acquisition proteomics, revealing the modulations in nodule mitochondrial proteins and pathways in response to carbon reallocation. Corroborated our findings with that from the literature, we believe nodules preferably allocate cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvates towards malate synthesis in lieu of pyruvate synthesis, and nodule mitochondria prefer malate over pyruvate as the primary source of NADH for ATP production. Moreover, the differential regulation of respiratory chain‐associated proteins suggests that nodule mitochondria could enhance the efficiencies of complexes I and IV for ATP synthesis. This study highlighted a quantitative proteomic view of the mitochondrial adaptation in soybean nodules.
HOP stabilizes the HSFA1a and plays a main role in the onset of thermomorphogenesis
Authors: Toribio René , Navarro Aurora , Castellano M. Mar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLiving organisms have the capacity to respond to environmental stimuli, including warm conditions. Upon sensing mild temperature, plants launch a transcriptional response that promotes morphological changes, globally known as thermomorphogenesis. This response is orchestrated by different hormonal networks and by the activity of different transcription factors, including the heat shock factor A1 (HSFA1) family. Members of this family interact with heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90); however, the effect of this binding on the regulation of HSFA1 activity or of the role of cochaperones, such as the HSP70‐HSP90 organizing protein (HOP) on HSFA1 regulation, remains unknown. Here, we show that AtHOPs are involved in the folding and stabilization of the HSFA1a and are required for the onset of the transcriptional response associated to thermomorphogenesis. Our results demonstrate that the three members of the AtHOP family bind in vivo to the HSFA1a and that the expression of multiple HSFA1a‐responsive‐responsive genes is altered in the hop1 hop2 hop3 mutant under warm temperature. Interestingly, HSFA1a is accumulated at lower levels in the hop1 hop2 hop3 mutant, while control levels are recovered in the presence of the proteasome inhibitor MG132 or the synthetic chaperone tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA). This uncovers the HSFA1a as a client of HOP complexes in plants and reveals the participation of HOPs in HSFA1a stability.
Nonsteroidal Anti‐Inflammatory Drugs and Experimental Chagas Disease: An Unsolved Question
Authors: Nicolau Scheila Thaís , Tres Daniela Patrícia , Ayala Thaís Soprani , Menolli Rafael Andrade 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTChagas disease is a parasitic disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi with an acute, detectable blood parasites phase and a chronic phase, in which the parasitemia is not observable, but cardiac and gastrointestinal consequences are possible. Mice are the principal host used in experimental Chagas disease but reproduce the human infection depending on the animal and parasite strain, besides dose and route of administration. Lipidic mediators are tremendously involved in the pathogenesis of T. cruzi infection, meaning the prostaglandins and thromboxane, which participate in the immunosuppression characteristic of the acute phase. Thus, the eicosanoids inhibition caused by the nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) alters the dynamic of the disease in the experimental models, both in vitro and in vivo, which can explain the participation of the different mediators in infection. However, marked differences are founded in the various NSAIDs existing because of the varied routes blocked by the drugs. So, knowing the results in the experimental models of Chagas disease with or without the NSAIDs helps comprehend the pathogenesis of this infection, which still needs a better understanding.
Uterine tone: A neglected criterion for the selection of bovine embryo transfer recipients
Authors: Guimarães Cristiano Rodrigues Borges , Seber Matheus Felipe , Neto José da Páscoa Nascimento , Fernandes Carlos Antônio Carvalho , Rodrigues Éder Pereira Campos Drumond , Torres Bárbara Azevedo Pereira , Moreira Viana João Henrique , Palhão Miller Pereira 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study evaluated the relationship between CL features assessed by ultrasound (luteal tissue area and blood flow, BF) or rectal palpation (size), uterine tone (UT), plasma progesterone (P4) concentration on Day 7 (D7) and subsequent pregnancy outcomes in bovine embryo recipients. A total of 163 cows and heifers were included in this study. The expected day of ovulation after the synchronization protocol was designated as D0. On D7, ovaries and uterus were examined by ultrasonography and rectal palpation, and subjective scores (1–3 scale) were assigned for CL size, area and BF, and for UT. Blood samples were collected for further P4 analysis. Each embryo recipient then received a grade I frozen–thawed in vivo‐produced blastocyst, which was transferred to the uterine horn ipsilateral to the CL. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed on D35, and the results were retrospectively compared with the assigned scores for CL and UT. We observed a significant (p < .02) interaction between CL size and UT, with a progressive increase in the likelihood of pregnancy for recipients bearing a large CL among those with turgid UT. Ultrasound scoring of the CL using B‐mode and Doppler‐mode did not significantly predict pregnancy rates on D35 (p < .6 and p < .5, respectively). However, logistic regression analysis revealed a trend towards a quadratic effect (p < .08 and p < .06) indicating that the probability of pregnancy varied according to the area of luteal tissue and P4 concentrations, respectively. No significant (p > .05) association was found between the probability of pregnancy and the BF area of the CL. In summary, UT before embryo transfer may reflect successful recipient synchronization. Elevated P4 levels, assessed by CL size, may offset uterine contractility, mitigating adverse effects. Additionally, the CL area may be more important than its vascularization area when evaluating recipients D7 after ovulation.
Efficacy and safety of cytisine versus nortriptyline for smoking cessation: A multicentre, randomized, double‐blinded and placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Rungruanghiranya Suthat , Tulatamakit Sirapat , Chittawatanarat Kaweesak , Preedapornpakorn Kanokwan , Wongphan Thanawat , Sutanthavibul Narueporn , Preechawong Sunida , Petborom Pichaya 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveCytisine serves as an affordable smoking cessation aid with acceptable safety profile. However, data comparing its efficacy and safety to standard therapies are limited. We aimed to examine efficacy and safety of cytisine compared to nortriptyline, which is the only approved smoking‐cessation medication in Thailand.MethodsA 12‐month, multicentre, randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled trial was conducted. Participants aged ≥20 years who smoked ≥10 cigarettes/day were randomly assigned to receive a 25‐day cytisine or a 12‐week nortriptyline treatment course. Brief interventions (BI) for smoking cessation were provided to all participants. The primary outcome was biochemically verified continuous abstinence rate (CAR) at 12 months. Additionally, self‐reported abstinence, verified by exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) ≤ 10 ppm, was collected at 2 weeks, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months to assess both CAR and 7‐day point prevalence abstinence rate (PAR).ResultsA total of 1086 participants were recruited and randomized into cytisine (n = 540) and nortriptyline (n = 546) groups. The 12‐month CAR was 12.22% for cytisine and 9.52% for nortriptyline. The relative difference was 0.03 (95% confidence interval [CI]; −0.01 to 0.06) and the relative risk was 1.28 (95% CI; 0.91–1.81). No differences were observed in secondary outcomes between both groups. The incidence of adverse effects from cytisine appeared to be lower than that of nortriptyline.ConclusionAt 12 months, cytisine plus BI was as effective as nortriptyline plus BI for smoking cessation. The adverse events for both cytisine and nortriptyline were minimal and well‐tolerated.image
Climate threat and price stability: A case study of Belize
Authors: Ouattara B. , Soutar C. , Waight G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn recent years, there have been calls for policy makers to do more to fight climate change. Indeed, there are growing concerns that climate could exert a serious detrimental impact on financial stability, and thus the wider economy. Empirically, a limited number of studies have highlighted the inflationary effects of climate‐related variables. This study is an attempt to contribute to this literature. More specifically, the article investigates the dynamic inflationary effect of climate in a case study of Belize. Results derived from quarterly data, over the period 1994–2019, and local linear projections suggest that inflation responds positively and significantly to temperature and rainfall shocks. Further disaggregation of inflation into its subindices reveals that this increase in inflation is mainly driven by the effect of climate on food, alcohol and tobacco, household, hospitality, and other goods and services inflation. The findings remain robust even when accounting for temperature and rainfall deviations from historical means. The results suggest that, while inflation control might not be a core element of monetary policy in Belize, policy makers should be aware that these climate‐related effects may have ramifications for the Belize economy.
Steady Boussinesq convection: Parametric analyticity and computation
Authors: Lane Jeremiah S. , Akers Benjamin F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSteady solutions to the Navier–Stokes equations with internal temperature forcing are considered. The equations are solved in two dimensions using the Boussinesq approximation to couple temperature and density fluctuations. A perturbative Stokes expansion is used to prove that that steady flow variables are parametrically analytic in the size of the forcing. The Stokes expansion is complemented with analytic continuation, via functional Padé approximation. The zeros of the denominator polynomials in the Padé approximants are observed to agree with a numerical prediction for the location of singularities of the steady flow solutions. The Padé representations not only prove to be good approximations to the true flow solutions for moderate intensity forcing, but are also used to initialize a Newton solver to compute large amplitude solutions. The composite procedure is used to compute steady flow solutions with forcing several orders of magnitude larger than the fixed‐point method developed in previous work.
Comparison of Three Chemotherapy Protocols With Electrochemotherapy for the Treatment of Feline Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Diop Nicolas , Sayag David , Marques Grégoire Bernardo , Chamel Gabriel , Chavalle Thomas , Eon Jean‐Bapiste , Floch Franck , Lajoinie Mathilde , Ponce Frédérique , Barrett Laura E. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTElectrochemotherapy (ECT) with intravenous (IV) and/or intratumoral (IT) bleomycin has shown considerable efficacy in the treatment of non‐resectable feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), boasting response rates of up to 95%, but other chemotherapy protocols have not yet been investigated. The objective of this prospective multicentre study was to compare the overall response rate (ORR) and progression‐free interval (PFI) between cats with cSCC treated with ECT using IT and IV carboplatin (IV + IT), IV carboplatin (IV) or IV bleomycin (IV). A total of 44 cats with unresectable cSCC across three centres were enrolled and treated with ECT using carboplatin IV + IT (n = 10), carboplatin IV (n = 11) or bleomycin IV (n = 23). Treatment response according to RECIST criteria was recorded at 2 and 4 weeks post‐treatment, and patients were followed until disease progression and/or death. All three groups were comparable regarding age, sex, weight, and lesion size. Adverse events were generally mild, localised and similar between groups. ORRs were 90.0% (carboplatin IV + IT), 90.9% (carboplatin IV) and 95.6% (bleomycin IV) and were not significantly different (p = 0.79). Median PFI was not reached for carboplatin IV + IT or carboplatin IV and was 566 days for bleomycin IV, with no significant difference between the three groups (p = 0.81). This study suggests that ECT using IV or IV + IT carboplatin is a reasonable alternative therapeutic option for managing cSCC, and further studies are warranted to compare outcomes between treatment protocols.
Assessment of BFX cup version in a three‐dimensional model simulating the ventrodorsal radiographic view
Authors: Bilmont Alexis , Pink Jonathan , Clarke Stephen , Kowaleski Michael P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo measure truncated face and open face versions of the biological fixation (BFX) cup in a three‐dimensional (3D) model simulating the ventrodorsal radiographic projection with different cup and pelvis positions.Study designComputer simulation.MethodsSimulated ventrodorsal views were generated in silico using 3D models of a BFX cup and a medium‐sized canine pelvis. Truncated face and open face versions of the BFX cup were defined and measured with various angles of cup version, cup inclination, and pelvic extension.ResultsTruncated face version was different from and underestimated open face version by 12° to 22° (p < .001). Open face version varied with inclination while truncated face version was unaffected by inclination. Open face version was dependent on the degree of pelvic extension while truncated face version was unaffected.ConclusionOpen face version differed from truncated face version. Changes in open face version were not consistently matched by a change in truncated face version.Clinical significanceThe open face of the cup may be excessively retroverted without this being reflected by truncated face retroversion as seen on a ventrodorsal radiographic view. However, in this study, BFX cups placed with truncated face version and inclination in the normal range and an ALO of 45° yielded predictable open face version.