bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dose–response of inactivated yeast in diets of late gestating and lactating gilts on immunoglobulin transfer and offspring preweaning growth performance
Authors: Christensen Brenda , Schulze Hagen , Kiarie Elijah G , Huber Lee-Anne 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Fifty gilts (initial body weight [BW] 190.7 ± 4.2 kg) were recruited on day 85 of gestation and were used until day 19 of lactation to assess the dose–response of inactivated yeast via hydrolyzation (HY) inclusion on offspring growth and immunoglobulin (Ig) transfer prior to weaning. Gilts were assigned to one of the 5 experimental diets: a control with no HY (HY0) or inclusion of 0.25% (HY0.25), 0.5% (HY0.5), 1.0% (HY1.0), or 1.2% (HY1.2) HY. Gilts were weighed on days 85 and 110 of gestation and days 1 and 19 (weaning) after farrowing. Offspring were weighed on days 1 and 19 of age. On lactation day 1 (approximately 24 h after farrowing), colostrum, gilt plasma, and plasma from 2 median BW piglets were collected and on day 19, plasma from each gilt and 2 median BW piglets per litter were collected for determination of Ig concentrations. Contrast statements were used to assess the linear, quadratic, cubic, and quartic effects of HY inclusion. The inclusion of HY had minimal effects on gilt BW or litter characteristics at birth (total number born and born alive, piglet birth weight). Lactation average daily feed intake of the gilts tended to increase then decrease with increasing HY inclusion (quadratic; P = 0.085). Piglet preweaning average daily gain (linear, quadratic, and quartic; P &lt; 0.05) and BW at weaning (quadratic and quartic; P &lt; 0.05) increased then decreased with increasing HY inclusion. On lactation day 1, colostrum and gilt plasma Ig concentrations were not affected by dietary treatment (P &gt; 0.10) but piglet IgA and IgM decreased then increased with HY inclusion level (cubic; P &lt; 0.05). On lactation day 19, piglet plasma IgG tended to increase with HY inclusion (linear; P = 0.099). In summary, increasing HY inclusion in late gestating and lactating gilt diets improved immune transfer in the first 24 h after birth and piglet preweaning growth rates and BW at weaning. Therefore, maternal feeding of HY could be used as a strategy to improve offspring immunocompetence and BW at weaning, with possible carryover benefits for the postweaning phase.
The Individual-Level and Community-Level Social Determinants of Burn Injuries: A Single-Institution Study From the Southwestern United States
Authors: Cohler Samuel , Krasner Henry , Batra Kavita , Saquib Syed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Burn injuries are a significant public health concern, causing life-threatening complications and substantial hospitalization costs for patients. It has been shown that burn injuries may affect individuals differently based on demographic factors and socioeconomic status, among other variables. In the Southwestern United States with high ambient temperatures, specific burn etiologies, such as pavement burns, may pose a disproportionately high risk for disadvantaged communities and homeless individuals. This study uniquely explores burn injuries in relation to patients’ socioeconomic status in Las Vegas, Nevada by using the Distressed Community Index to quantify socioeconomic status utilizing individual-level and community-level indicators. This single-institution and retrospective study collected data from all patients admitted to a burn center located in Las Vegas. Data were analyzed through Chi-square, one-way ANOVA, and post-hoc analysis with Tukey’s test. Patients residing in distressed communities contributed to the greatest number of burn injuries; however, there was a lack of significant association between socioeconomic status and burn injury (P = 202). Additionally, specific burn etiologies and demographic characteristics were associated with variations in burn patient hospital course, complications, resources utilized and outcomes. Distressed patients were significantly associated with public insurance (P &lt; 0.001), and public insurance users were associated with pavement burns—one of the most severe burn injuries (P &lt; 0.001). This study emphasizes the importance of developing comprehensive burn prevention resources tailored to vulnerable populations, especially in regions with increased incidence of severe burn injuries, in order to reduce burn burden and mortality.
The Unhoused Burn Population: An Alarming Increase of Leaving Against Medical Advice
Authors: Speiser Noah , Donohue Sean J , Pickering Trevor A , Pham Christopher , Johnson Maxwell , Gillenwater Timothy Justin , Yenikomshian Haig A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Unhoused burn patients (UBPs) have historically been more likely to leave against medical advice (AMA) and suffer worse health outcomes than the general population. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic created a major strain on the health care system, resulting in worse overall health outcomes for burn patients. We sought to investigate how COVID-19 impacted treatment for UBP, specifically the rate of leaving AMA. We conducted a retrospective chart analysis of patients admitted to a regional burn center between June 2015 and January 2023. March 1, 2020 was used as a cut point to separate the cohorts into patients seen pre-COVID-19 (p-CV) and during COVID-19 (CV). Outcomes included leaving treatment AMA and readmission within 30 days. In total, 385 patients met criteria for being unhoused and were included in our analytic sample, of which 199 were in the p-CV cohort and 186 in the CV cohort. UBP were significantly more likely to leave AMA during CV compared to p-CV (22.6% vs 7.5%, P &lt; .001). Housed burn patients did not experience an increase in discharges AMA during this time period. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in an increase in discharges AMA among unhoused patients only. While the etiology is unclear, our findings suggest that this vulnerable patient population is receiving inadequate care post-COVID. Future research should determine the driving force behind these increases and identify early interventions to mitigate them.
Relational Gifting: Conceptual Frameworks and an Agenda for a New Generation of Research
Authors: Weinberger Michelle F , Baskin Ernest , Gunasti Kunter 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Relational gifts are given among known social connections and are oriented toward relationship work and care. An abundance of gifting research over the past 50 years has focused on gift selection and reception, most recently on variables driving mismatches between what givers and recipients think make good gifts. That work lays an essential foundation. However, important opportunities remain to deepen understandings by broadening the focus. This entails viewing gifting as a relational, social, and often longitudinal process that is intertwined within evolving social and cultural contexts. This article conceptualizes three under-researched areas of opportunity on relational gifting: (1) understanding the evolving and contextualized experience of a gift in recipients’ lives, (2) tracing the gift circuit, the dynamics of gifting within social relationships over time, and (3) mapping relational gifting as a dynamic gift system that reflects and reinforces social structure and networks of care. Together, these three areas present important ground for future psychological, sociological, and anthropological consumer research that deepens understanding of when, how, and why relational gifts matter and the relational work that these gifts enable. Ultimately, the goal of this article is to set an agenda for a new generation of relational gifting research.
Assessment of the USDA Biomass Harvest Trap (USDA-BHT) device as an insect harvest and mosquito surveillance tool
Authors: Lado Paula , Rogers D Christopher , Cernicchiaro Natalia , Swistek Sabrina , Van Nest Kortnee , Shults Phillip , Ewing Robert D , Okeson Danelle , Brabec Daniel , Cohnstaedt Lee W 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Insects are a promising source of high-quality protein, and the insect farming industry will lead to higher sustainability when it overcomes scaling up, cost effectiveness, and automation. In contrast to insect farming (raising and breeding insects as livestock), wild insect harvesting (collecting agricultural insect pests), may constitute a simple sustainable animal protein supplementation strategy. For wild harvest to be successful sufficient insect biomass needs to be collected while simultaneously avoiding the collection of nontarget insects. We assessed the performance of the USDA Biomass Harvest Trap (USDA-BHT) device to collect flying insect biomass and as a mosquito surveillance tool. The USDA-BHT device was compared to other suction traps commonly used for mosquito surveillance (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light traps, Encephalitis virus surveillance traps, and Biogents Sentinel traps). The insect biomass harvested in the USDA-BHT was statistically higher than the one harvested in the other traps, however the mosquito collections between traps were not statistically significantly different. The USDA-BHT collected some beneficial insects, although it was observed that their collection was minimized at night. These findings coupled with the fact that sorting time to separate the mosquitoes from the other collected insects was significantly longer for the USDA-BHT, indicate that the use of this device for insect biomass collection conflicts with its use as an efficient mosquito surveillance tool. Nevertheless, the device efficiently collected insect biomass, and thus can be used to generate an alternative protein source for animal feed.
Testing Models of Strategic Uncertainty: Equilibrium Selection in Repeated Games
Authors: Boczoń Marta , Vespa Emanuel , Weidman Taylor , Wilson Alistair J 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In repeated games, where both collusive and non-collusive outcomes can be supported as equilibria, it is crucial to understand the likelihood of selection for each type of equilibrium. Controlled experiments have empirically validated a selection criterion for the two-player repeated prisoner’s dilemma: the basin of attraction for always defect. This prediction device uses the game primitives to measure the set of beliefs for which an agent would prefer to unconditionally defect rather than attempt conditional cooperation. This belief measure reflects strategic uncertainty over others’ actions, where the prediction is for non-cooperative outcomes when the basin measure is full, and cooperative outcomes when empty. We expand this selection notion to multi-player social dilemmas and experimentally test the predictions, manipulating both the total number of players and the payoff tensions. Our results affirm the model as a tool for predicting long-term cooperation while also speaking to some limitations when dealing with first-time encounters.
Can They Deliver?
Authors: Furger Andrea 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Joint Investigation Teams or JITs are practical mechanisms of cooperation that are established between two or more states to, jointly, conduct criminal investigations. Increasingly used in investigations into core international crimes (war crimes, genocide, crimes against humanity and the crime of aggression), JITs are understudied in the field of international criminal law. This article examines how the procedures outlined in JIT legal frameworks are implemented in practice and assesses whether JITs can respond to the challenges of contemporary international crimes investigations. The article contends that, while JITs introduce some useful new cooperation processes, they fall short on many of their most promising features, which are difficult to implement fully in practice or in fact already exist.
Soft-tissue sarcoma in Japan: National Cancer Registry-based analysis from 2016 to 2019
Authors: Ogura Koichi , Morizane Chigusa , Satake Tomoyuki , Iwata Shintaro , Toda Yu , Muramatsu Shudai , Takemori Toshiyuki , Kondo Hiroya , Kobayashi Eisuke , Katoh Yoko , Higashi Takahiro , Kawai Akira 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
No previous reports have characterized national profiles of soft-tissue sarcoma overall. We examined the nationwide statistics for soft-tissue sarcoma in Japan using data from the population-based National Cancer Registry.

Methods
We identified 23 522 soft-tissue-sarcoma patients who were entered in the National Cancer Registry during 2016–19 using International Classification of Diseases-Oncology, Third Edition codes for cancer topography and morphology. We extracted data on patient demographics, tumor details (reason for diagnosis, tumor location, histology, extent of disease), hospital volume/type, treatment, and prognosis for each patient.

Results
Soft-tissue sarcoma showed a slight male preponderance. Approximately 5500–6000 new cases were diagnosed as soft-tissue sarcoma per year, with the age-adjusted incidence of soft-tissue sarcoma being 3.22/100000/year. The age distribution showed a single peak in the 70–79 age range, and sex-stratified data showed it was higher in men. The most common histologic subtype was liposarcoma. The most frequent tumor locations were the soft tissue and skin, followed by the retroperitoneum. Extent of disease was categorized as: “localized” (31.3%), “regional” (38.9%), or “distant” (10.5%). We found significant associations between overall survival and sex, age, tumor location, facility type, hospital volume, reason for diagnosis, extent of disease, and surgical treatment.

Conclusions
This is the first study to outline the epidemiology, clinical features, treatment, prognosis, and significant factors affecting prognosis of soft-tissue sarcoma in Japan using the National Cancer Registry. Documenting our data regarding elderly patients’ outcomes is essential so other countries showing similar population-aging trends can learn from our experiences.

Level of evidence
Prognostic studies, Level III.
Hypereosinophilic syndrome response to mepolizumab in the setting of a compassionate use program
Authors: Coussement Gauthier , Catherine Julien , Roufosse Florence 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Mepolizumab, an anti-interleukin-5 antibody, has been proven a safe and effective glucocorticoid (GC)-sparing drug for many patients with nonclonal hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) and is now approved in many countries. It remains unclear, however, which patients are most likely to benefit from therapy and whether the currently approved dosing regimen is appropriate for all. This observational retrospective study included all patients with HES who were enrolled in the MHE104317 compassionate use program (CUP) in our center. Patient and disease characteristics, mepolizumab dosing, and both clinical and hematological responses to treatment were collected from medical files. Treatment responses and mepolizumab dosing requirements were analyzed according to disease characteristics. Eighteen patients with HES were enrolled in the CUP, of whom nine are still on treatment. The median duration of exposure to mepolizumab was 45 mo (maximum 18 yr). A lower number of affected organs, requirement for GC dosing ≤10 mg prednisone-equivalent, and single-organ HES were associated with a higher likelihood of complete response. Lymphocytic variant HES (L-HES) was less treatment-responsive, leading to withdrawal and/or requiring higher mepolizumab dosing to achieve some degree of disease control. In contrast, all patients with single-organ disease had a complete response that could often be maintained despite increasing between-dose intervals. Few potentially treatment-related adverse events were observed despite prolonged exposure. This study confirms the efficacy and safety of mepolizumab in HES, although patients with L-HES rarely experience a complete response. In contrast, patients with single-organ disease affecting the lungs are often super-responders, and decreasing mepolizumab dosing may be attempted.
A polytypic species revisited: phylogenetic and morphological variation, taxonomic status, and geographical distribution of Trachops (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)
Authors: Camacho M Alejandra , Menéndez-Guerrero Pablo A , Horváth Balázs , Cadar Dániel , Murienne Jérôme 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The taxonomic status of the Neotropical bat genus Trachops is reevaluated through an integrated study that incorporates morphological, morphometric, and molecular data across its extensive geographic range. Our research, which included previously unexamined geographical regions, revealed substantial insights into the diversity within Trachops. Genetic and morphological results support elevation of T. cirrhosus ehrhardti, distributed within the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, to species status due to differences in southeastern Brazil specimens. Conversely, our analysis found insufficient evidence to maintain the subspecific distinction of T. c. coffini, which lacks diagnosable morphological characters and is not genetically distinct from T. c. cirrhosus across its distribution range. Additionally, our findings challenge a prior notion of latitudinal differentiation in body size in T. cirrhosus, because specimens from western South America and northeastern South America exhibit similar sizes to those from Central America. These results underscore the importance of revising the taxonomic framework for this bat genus—contributing to a more precise understanding of its evolutionary relationships—and further enhancing conservation efforts considering potential threats to the newly recognized species in the imperiled Atlantic Forest of Brazil.
Genetic diversity of the Chagas vector Triatoma dimidiata s.l. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) across geographic scales in a top-priority area for control
Authors: Melgar Sergio , Castellanos Salvador , Stevens Lori , Monroy María Carlota , Dorn Patricia L 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Population genetic structure of arthropod disease vectors provides important information on vector movement and climate or other environmental variables that influence their distribution. This information is critical for data-driven vector control. In the first comprehensive study of the genetic structure of T. dimidiata s.l. (Latreille, 1811) we focus on an area of active transmission designated as a top priority for control. We examined a high number of specimens across a broad geographic area along the border of Guatemala and El Salvador including multiple spatial scales using a high number of genome-wide markers. Measuring admixture, pairwise genetic differentiation, and relatedness, we estimated the specimens represented three genetic clusters. We found evidence of movement (migration/gene flow) across all spatial scales with more admixture among locations in El Salvador than in Guatemala. Although there was significant isolation by distance, the 2 close villages in Guatemala showed either the most or least genetic variation indicating an additional role of environmental variables. Further, we found that social factors may be influencing the genetic structure. We demonstrated the power of genomic studies with a large number of specimens across a broad geographic area. The results suggest that for effective vector control movement must be considered on multiple spatial scales along with its contributing factors.
An Intergenerational Telehealth Music Therapy Group Intervention to Improve Grandparents’ Meaning in life
Authors: Gvili Racheli-Lital , Bodner Ehud 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The lockdown policies in Israel during the COVID-19 pandemic hampered familial grandparents–grandchildren relations. There is initial evidence that older adults’ meaning in life and will-to-live decreased. Grandparents could no longer meet their grandchildren in person. In response, we utilized an intergenerational telehealth music therapy group intervention during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Forty-four pairs of grandparents and grandchildren enrolled in a quasi-experimental study with an intervention and waitlist control group. Twenty-one pairs of grandparents–grandchildren participated in a weekly virtual group music therapy intervention (via Zoom) for 8 weeks (experimental group) and the remainder were waitlisted and received no intervention (control group). Participants in both groups completed the same questionnaires in parallel before and after the intervention. The grandparents’ meaning in life, will-to-live and behavioral grandparenthood increased compared to no change observed in the control group. Further research with randomized-controlled treatment is recommended.
Cutaneous hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine following facial fat grafting: a delayed intradermal response
Authors: Anderson Brady J , Tanenbaum Zachary G , Michael Alexander , Owen Scott R 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chlorhexidine (CHD) is commonly included in surgical antiseptics and can be associated with adverse reactions ranging from contact dermatitis to anaphylaxis. A 32-year-old female presented to the OR for facial fat grafting. Surgical sites were prepped with CHD gluconate or topical iodine. Donor and recipient sites were infiltrated with local anesthetic injection prior to fat harvest and facial injection. Eleven days later, she presented with new painful, pruritic rash over donor sites where CHD had been applied prior to local anesthetic infiltration. Treatment with topical clobetasol and prednisone taper resulted in complete symptom resolution. This patient’s response most likely represented a delayed type IV, T-cell mediated hypersensitivity. CHD is a known trigger of allergic reactions. Infiltration of local anesthetic may introduce skin prep into the subcutaneous tissue akin to intradermal testing. For those with delayed cutaneous reactions, steroids may provide symptomatic relief.
An unusual case of giant jejunal diverticula presenting radiologically as toxic megacolon
Authors: Okoli Fidelis C , Tan Sally , Hakmi Hazim , Forman Jacqueline , Hartendorp Patrick A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Jejunal diverticulosis is an uncommon entity of the gastrointestinal tract. It involves the presence of multiple diverticula (pouches) in the jejunal wall. Jejunal diverticulosis is not so common, and the epidemiology is ill defined, but usually, it is known to affect the elderly more. They are considered from a pathophysiological point of view as motility disorders, structural defects, or high intraluminal pressures, with the result of prolapse of the mucosa of the jejunum through weak points of the intestinal wall. It represents a rare entity with different clinical presentations, ranging from being asymptomatic to life-threatening complications such as obstruction, bleeding, or perforation. Treatment depends on the presentation and can be conservative or surgical management.
Dorsal ectopic breast—a cutaneous marker of occult spinal dysraphism
Authors: Ismail Muhammad , Thet Myat Soe , Khan Kalim Ullah , Ullah Nusrat 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Ectopic breasts represent uncommon medical anomalies characterized by the presence of additional breasts situated outside the typical milk line. In this case report, we present a case encompassing dorsal ectopic breasts accompanied by three nipples. A 14-year-old teen girl presented with a significant dorsal mass, exhibiting no clinical manifestations except mild pain and a sense of heaviness. She underwent investigations, and a magnetic resonance imaging scan revealed a large, inadequately encapsulated congenital mass with a fatty composition, alongside intraspinal epidural engagement and a bony structure bridging the spinous processes from the C6 to the T3 vertebral bodies. She subsequently underwent excision of the entire mass. The histopathological analysis identified the presence of a mammary hamartoma. Follow-up at 2 weeks postoperatively showed that there were no further complications. Dorsal ectopic breast necessitates careful and comprehensive evaluation to either confirm or exclude the presence of occult spinal dysraphism prior to intervention to avoid complications.