bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The calculating entrepreneur — The role of economic calculation in supporting alertness and creative destruction
Authors: Braun Eduard , Follert Florian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe integrate the issue of economic calculation into the theory of the entrepreneur. In doing so, we fill a gap in the literature by demonstrating that retrospective economic calculation, i.e., financial accounting, dovetails with Kirzner's theory of the alert entrepreneur and that prospective calculation, i.e., the appraisal of investment objects, supports innovational activities by entrepreneurs and therefore facilitates creative destruction as emphasized by Schumpeter. Our integrative conceptualization of the calculating entrepreneur can lead to a better understanding of the role of economic calculation in the economy, thereby bringing theoretical economics and business administration closer together.
A depth‐integrated SPH framework for slow landslides
Authors: Pastor Manuel , Hernández Andrei , Tayyebi Saeid M. , Trejos Gustavo A. , Suárez Ginés , Zheng Junwei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSlow and very slow landslides can cause severe economic damage to structures. Due to their velocity of propagation, it is possible to take action such as programmed maintenance or evacuation of affected zones. Modeling is an important tool that allows scientists, engineers, and geologists to better understand their causes and predict their propagation. There are many available models of different complexities which can be used for this purpose, ranging from very simple infinite landslide models which can be implemented in spreadsheets to fully coupled 3D models. This approach is expensive because of the time span in which the problems are studied (sometimes years), simpler methods such as depth‐integrated models could provide a good compromise between accuracy and cost. However, there, the time step limitation due to CFL condition (which states that the time step has to be slower than the ratio between the node spacing and the physical velocity of the waves results in time increments which are of the order of one‐10th of a second on many occasions. This paper extends a technique that has been used in the past to glacier evolution problems using finite differences or elements to SPH depth‐integrated models for landslide propagation. The approach is based on assuming that (i) the flow is shallow, (ii) the rheological behavior determining the velocity of propagation is viscoplastic, and (iii) accelerations can be neglected. In this case, the model changes from hyperbolic to parabolic, with a time increment much larger than that of classic hyperbolic formulations.
Tracking gonadal development in fish: An in vivo MRI study on polar cod, Boreogadus saida (Lepechin, 1774)
Authors: Vogt Nicole , Wermter Felizitas C. , Nahrgang Jasmine , Storch Daniela , Bock Christian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was applied to determine the sex of polar cod (Boreogadus saida Lepechin, 1774) (Actinopterygii: Gadidae) and to follow the gonadal development in individual animals over time. Individual unanaesthetised fish were transferred to a measurement chamber inside a preclinical 9.4 T MRI scanner and continuously perfused with aerated seawater. A screening procedure at an average of 3.5 h, consisting of a set of MRI scans of different orientations, was repeated every 4 weeks on the same set of reproducing B. saida (n = 10) with a body length of about 20 cm. Adapted multi‐slice flow‐compensated fast low‐angle shot (FcFLASH) and rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (RARE) protocols with an in‐plane resolution of 313 μm and an acquisition time of 2.5 min were used to visualise the morphology of various organs, including the gonads within the field of view (FOV). The MR images provided high resolution, enabling specific sex determination, calculation of gonad volumes, and determination of oocyte sizes. Gonad maturation was followed over 4 months from November 2021 until shortly before spawning in February 2022. The gonad volume increased by 2.3–25.5% for males and by 11.5–760.7% for females during the observation period. From October to February, the oocyte diameter increased from 427 μm (n = 1) to 1346 ± 27 μm (n = 4). Interestingly, individual oocytes showed changes in MR contrast over time that can be attributed to the morphological development of the oocytes. The results fit well with previous literature data from classical invasive studies. The presented approach has great potential for various ecophysiological applications such as monitoring natural or delayed development of internal organs or sex determination under different environmental conditions.
A rational‐Chebyshev projection method for nonlinear eigenvalue problems
Authors: Tang Ziyuan , Saad Yousef 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article describes a projection method based on a combination of rational and polynomial approximations for efficiently solving large nonlinear eigenvalue problems. In a first stage the nonlinear matrix function under consideration is approximated by a matrix polynomial in . The error resulting from this polynomial approximation is in turn approximated by rational functions with the help of the Cauchy integral formula. The two approximations are combined and a linearization is performed. A key ingredient of the proposed approach is a projection method that uses subspaces spanned by vectors of the same dimension as that of the original problem instead of that of the linearized problem. A procedure is also presented to automatically select shifts and to partition the region of interest into a few subregions. This allows to subdivide the problem into smaller subproblems that are solved independently. The accuracy of the proposed method is theoretically analyzed and its performance is illustrated with a few test problems that have been discussed in the literature.
Psychometrics of the Revised Nursing Stress Scale
Authors: Pavek Katie U. , Cho Hyeonmi , Steege Linsey M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOccupational stress is one of the most impactful issues that nurses face, and it is critical to have instruments that can accurately measure occupational stress. However, existing widely used stress measures do not adequately reflect occupational stress in current practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of a revised occupational stress measure, the Revised Nursing Stress Scale. Reliability and validity were evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency reliability, convergent validity, and divergent validity. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated acceptable fit. All nine subscales had acceptable internal consistency reliability (αs ≥ 0.73 and ω ≥ 0.80). Convergent validity (r = 0.530, p < 0.01) and divergent validity (r = <0.30, 95% confidence intervals ranging from [−0.39 to −0.14] to [−0.32 to −0.06]) provided support for the scale. The Revised Nursing Stress Scale is an updated valid and reliable measure that is recommended for use when measuring occupational stress in hospital‐based nurses.
Chimeric Versus Multiple Simultaneous Free Flaps for Head and Neck Reconstruction
Authors: Wang Johnny , Tharakan Theresa , Jackson Ryan S. , Puram Sidharth V. , Pipkorn Patrik 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo describe our experience with chimeric flaps and to assess the surgical outcomes and postoperative complications associated with chimeric flaps compared to multiple flaps.Study Design/MethodsPatients undergoing chimeric and multiple simultaneous free tissue transfer between June 2016 and October 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. The primary outcome of interest was the complication rate. Major complications required takeback to the operating room, hospital readmission, or transfer to the intensive care unit. Minor complications were managed conservatively. Secondary outcomes included operative time, length of hospitalization, and flap survival.SettingAcademic tertiary care center.ResultsOur analysis included 113 patients (chimeric n = 38, multiple n = 75). We found no significant difference in operative times or minor complications. Chimeric flaps were associated with a shorter length of hospitalization. The major complication rate was higher for chimeric flaps (42.1% vs 22.7%, P = .03), but each cohort only had 1 instance of total flap loss.ConclusionThe complexity of large head and neck defects poses a reconstructive challenge for microvascular surgeons. Our findings suggest that chimeric and multiple flaps both produce acceptable complication rates when used appropriately. Differences in complication rates may reflect differences in utilization. The chimeric flap remains a valuable option for those with prior radiation or radical resection, but it remains unclear the degree to which they lessen the inherent risk of postoperative complications within this population. Each technique must be weighed in context of the patient's reconstructive profile and the institution's surgical capabilities to optimize long‐term outcomes.
Eco‐friendly Regioselective Synthesis, Biological Evaluation of Some New 5‐acylfunctionalized 2‐(1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl)thiazoles as Potential Antimicrobial and Anthelmintic Agents
Authors: Aggarwal Ranjana , Sharma Manisha , Hooda Mona , Sharma Prabodh C. , Sharma Diksha 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe present study describes an eco‐friendly NBS‐assisted regioselective synthesis of new 5‐acylfunctionalized 5‐acylfunctionalized 2‐(1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl)thiazoles by condensation of 3,5‐dimethyl‐1H‐pyrazole‐1‐carbothioamide with unsymmetrical 1,3‐diketones under solvent‐free conditions. The structural elucidation of the newly synthesized compounds was accomplished using various spectroscopic techniques viz. FTIR, NMR and mass spectrometry. All the newly synthesized compounds were examined for their in vitro antimicrobial potential against both pathogenic gram positive and gram negative bacterial and fungal species as well as anthelmintic activity against Pheretima posthuma earthworms. The results of antimicrobial activity revealed that all tested compounds 3 a–j showed excellent antimicrobial potential particularly against S. aureus. It was also observed that compounds 3 e and 3 i (MIC=62.5 μg/mL) showed greater potency against E. coli, whereas compounds 3 a and 3 h (MIC=50 μg/mL and 62.5 μg/mL) demonstrated better activity against P. aeruginosa and compound 3 i (MIC=62.5 μg/mL) exhibited superior activity against S. pyogenus when compared to standard drug Ampicillin (MIC=100μg/mL). Compound 3 e and 3 j revealed remarkable antifungal and anthelmintic activities. To find out binding interactions of target compounds with target proteins and pharmacokinetic parameters of the compounds, in silico investigations involving molecular docking studies and ADMET predictions were also performed.
Material property characterization of 3D printed polypropylene wood plastic composites
Authors: Hwang Sungjun , Fowler Gavin , Han Yousoo , Gardner Douglas J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWood flour (WF) at 10 wt.% and 20 wt.% loadings was used as a reinforcing filler to enhance the applicability of polypropylene (PP) for 3D printing. After performing printability tests of PP wood plastic composites (WPCs), the mechanical properties of both injection‐molded and 3D‐printed PP WPC specimens were explored. Test specimens were prepared from 3D printed hexagons for analyzing the mechanical properties. Adding WF to neat PP increased the storage modulus and the glass transition temperature while decreasing the degree of crystallinity and the coefficient of thermal expansion, while enhancing the printability of neat PP. The tensile strength, tensile modulus of elasticity, flexural strength, and flexural modulus of elasticity of injection‐molded neat PP improved by up to 21%, 59%, 30%, and 56%, respectively, with 20 wt.% WF. However, the impact strength of injection‐molded neat PP decreased by 85%, with 20 wt.% WF. After 3D printing, the tensile strength and tensile modulus of elasticity of printed neat PP increased by up to 84% and 60%, respectively, with 20 wt.% WF. The flexural strength and flexural modulus of elasticity of neat printed PP remained unchanged compared to those of PP filled with 20 wt.% WF, while the impact strength decreased by 87%.Highlights
WF was used as a reinforcement in polypropylene designed for 3D printing
A pilot‐scale, pellet‐fed 3D printer was used to print hollow hexagons, and then test specimens were fabricated from these hexagons for mechanical properties
The tensile and flexural properties of 3D printed neat polypropylene improved, while the impact strength decreased after adding 20 wt.% WF to the neat PP.
Eclipta prostrata improves alveolar development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia via suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome in a DLD‐dependent manner
Authors: Zheng Xiaoyan , Tan Zhen , Zhu Danying , Zhao Dongying , Liu Chengbo , Wang Shunchun , Wang Xingyun , Zhang Yongjun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the most common late morbidity in preterm infants, is characterized by impaired alveolar development caused by persistent lung inflammation. Studies have shown that NOD‐, LRR‐ and pyrin domain‐containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome‐mediated inflammation is critically involved in the development of BPD. As a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Eclipta prostrata (EAP) exhibits potent anti‐inflammatory properties. Our study aims to investigate whether EAP could improve the lung development of BPD by suppressing the lung inflammatory response.MethodsThe BPD rat model was established by intra‐amniotic injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and postnatal exposure to hyperoxia. Changes in the NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis were assessed by treatment with EAP. The effect of EAP on the NLRP3 inflammasome was tested in vitro using the THP‐1 cell line and primary alveolar macrophages. Proteomics analysis was used to elucidate the mechanism of action of EAP.ResultsHistopathological and immunofluorescence results of lung tissues revealed that LPS and hyperoxia induced lung injury and triggered NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in alveolar macrophages. EAP ameliorated BPD lung injury, inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and reduced gasdermin D (GSDMD) expression in alveolar macrophages. EAP downregulated the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome pathway molecules (NLRP3, caspase‐1, and IL‐1β) and GSDMD in LPS‐stimulated THP‐1 macrophages and primary alveolar macrophages. In addition, proteomics analysis identified that dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) interacted with EAP. Inhibition of DLD activity abolished the protective effects of EAP.ConclusionsOur study suggested that EAP could attenuate arrest of alveolar development via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome in a DLD‐dependent way, and could be a potential therapeutic method for BPD.
A cross‐species analysis of fecal microbiomes in humans and mice reveals similarities and dissimilarities associated with prostate cancer risk
Authors: Wakamori Chisato , De Velasco Marco A. , Sakai Kazuko , Kura Yurie , Matsushita Makoto , Fujimoto Saizo , Hatano Koji , Nonomura Norio , Fujita Kazutoshi , Nishio Kazuto , Uemura Hirotsugu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundProstate cancer is a complex disease that develops over time and is influenced by several lifestyle factors that also impact gut microbes. Gut dysbiosis is intricately linked to prostate carcinogenesis, but the precise mechanisms remain poorly understood. Mice are crucial for studying the relationships between gut microbes and prostate cancer, but discovering similarities between humans and mice may aid in elucidating new mechanisms.MethodsWe used 16s rRNA sequencing data from stool samples of tumor‐bearing prostate‐specific conditional Pten‐knockout mice, disease‐free wildtype mice, and a human cohort suspected of having prostate cancer to conduct taxonomic and metagenomic profiling. Features were associated with prostate cancer status and low risk (a negative biopsy of Gleason grade <2) or high risk (Gleason grade ≥2) in humans.ResultsIn both humans and mice, community composition differed between individuals with and without prostate cancer. Odoribacter spp. and Desulfovibrio spp. were taxa associated with prostate cancer in mice and humans. Metabolic pathways associated with cofactor and vitamin synthesis were common in mouse and human prostate cancer, including bacterial synthesis of folate (vitamin B9), ubiquinone (CoQ10), phylloquinone (vitamin K1), menaquinone (vitamin K2), and tocopherol (vitamin E).ConclusionsOur study provides valuable data that can help bridge the gap between human and mouse microbiomes. Our findings provide evidence to support the notion that certain bacterial‐derived metabolites may promote prostate cancer, as well as a preclinical model that can be used to characterize biological mechanisms and develop preventive interventions.
Dynamics of May ‘onset’ of Indian summer monsoon over Northeast India
Authors: Das Simanta , Goswami Dhruba Jyoti , Mahanta Rahul , Saha Prolay , Goswami B. N. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAcknowledging the prolonged duration of the rainy season in Northeast India (NEI) compared to Central India, the official onset of the Indian summer monsoon over NEI is traditionally marked around 5 June, with May rainfall categorized as ‘pre‐monsoon’. However, our study reveals that May rainfall in NEI occurs in active/break spells driven by persistent synoptic‐scale systems, contributing to a significant monsoon heat source during this period. Through an objective analysis, we determine that the climatological ‘onset’ in NEI actually occurs around 18 May, with withdrawal around 14 October, resulting in an extended rainy season of approximately 150 days. The enigma of the May onset, while the Intertropical Convergence Zone remains proximate to the equator, is addressed by identifying a conducive climate in May. This climate is characterized by low‐level cyclonic vorticity over the region, influenced by the interannual strengthening (weakening) by the Atlantic Niño (El Niño). The introduction of potential vorticity from extratropical transient Rossby waves in May significantly amplifies low‐level cyclonic vorticity by 3–4 times, acting as a catalyst for the monsoon onset in NEI. Furthermore, a 5–6 times intensification of northward moisture transport from the Bay of Bengal sustains the monsoon heat source post onset. The May onset is made feasible by the uplifting of low‐level cyclonic winds, facilitated by the horseshoe‐shaped orography around the Brahmaputra valley. This process is complemented by an increased local moisture content resulting from evapotranspiration. Our findings challenge conventional notions by demonstrating that a component of Indian summer monsoon rainfall in NEI is not directly related to the Intertropical Convergence Zone. This challenges the fundamental definition of the South Asian Monsoon and calls for a reassessment of the prevalent belief that the Indian monsoon season is confined to June–September in NEI.
Surveillance of high‐yield processes using deep learning models
Authors: Ibrahim Musaddiq , Zhang Chunxia , Mahmood Tahir 
Published: August 2024

AbstractQuality testing and monitoring advancements have allowed modern production processes to achieve extremely low failure rates, especially in the era of Industry 4.0. Such processes are known as high‐yield processes, and their data set consists of an excess number of zeros. Count models such as Poisson, Negative Binomial (NB), and Conway‐Maxwell‐Poisson (COM‐Poisson) are usually considered good candidates to model such data, but the excess zeros are larger than the number of zeros, which these models fit inherently. Hence, the zero‐inflated version of these count models provides better fitness of high‐quality data. Usually, linearly/non‐linearly related variables are also associated with failure rate data; hence, regression models based on zero‐inflated count models are used for model fitting. This study is designed to propose deep learning (DL) based control charts when the failure rate variables follow the zero‐inflated COM‐Poisson (ZICOM‐Poisson) distribution because DL models can detect complicated non‐linear patterns and relationships in data. Further, the proposed methods are compared with existing control charts based on neural networks, principal component analysis designed based on Poisson, NB, and zero‐inflated Poisson (ZIP) and non‐linear principal component analysis designed based on Poisson, NB, and ZIP. Using run length properties, the simulation study evaluates monitoring approaches, and a flight delay application illustrates the implementation of the research. The findings revealed that the proposed methods have outperformed all existing control charts.
Quantum Differential Meet‐In‐The‐Middle Attack and Some Applications to Lightweight Ciphers
Authors: Xu Yin‐Song , Cai Bin‐Bin , Yuan Zheng , Qin Su‐Juan , Gao Fei , Wen Qiao‐Yan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAt CRYPTO 2023, Boura et al. proposed a new cryptanalysis technique, differential meet‐in‐the‐middle (MITM) attack. They used MITM technique to make the key recovery step of a differential attack more efficient. In this study, a quantum differential meet‐in‐the‐middle attack is proposed by using nested quantum search algorithm, which can achieve up to a quadratic speed‐up compared to the classical version. Besides, the time complexity of the attack can be reduced by at least a factor of ( is the guessed key length and is the block size) compared to the first quantum differential attack proposed by Kaplan et al. at ToSC 2016. Finally, to demonstrate the efficiency of our attack, it is applied to two reduced‐round lightweight block ciphers, PIPO and SIMON, to evaluate their post‐quantum security. When attacking the same number of rounds, the time complexity of our attack is significantly lower than that of classical attacks. For the 8‐round PIPO‐128, the attack significantly improves efficiency, reducing the time complexity from to , cutting down the required qRAM size by a factor of and obtaining the data complexity instead of compared to the best quantum attack proposed by Schrottenloher at CRYPTO 2023. For the 19‐round SIMON‐32‐64, the time complexity here will be instead of compared to the other quantum attack, and the attack can target more rounds than using Grover‐meets‐Simon technique.
Implementation of One‐Way Quantum Steering and Controlled Generation of Asymmetric Tripartite Entanglement in Double Coupling Cavity‐Magnonics Subsystems
Authors: Lin Yue‐Han , Lin Ya‐Qin , Yang Rong‐Can , Liu Hong‐Yu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTwo cavity‐magnon subsystems coupled via the two single‐mode cavities mediated by a non‐degenerate parametric down conversion and each cavity carrying a magnon confined in a Yttrium‐iron‐garnet sphere is proposed to study one‐way quantum steering and asymmetric tripartite entanglement. The entanglement can be transferred from the two microwave cavities to the two separated magnon modes using magnetic dipole interaction. Different from previous schemes, the present study demonstrates efficient realization of controllable one‐way quantum steering between two magnon modes through asymmetric frequency detunings of the two magnon modes. In addition, an asymmetric tripartite entanglement can also be achieved. Furthermore, the system exhibits robustness to temperatures up to 100 mK, providing a promising avenue for utilizing cavity magnonics systems in unidirectional transmission of quantum information.