bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tunnel technique with connective tissue graft versus coronally advanced flap with enamel matrix derivative for root coverage: a RCT using 3D digital measuring methods. Part I. Clinical and patient‐centred outcomes
Authors: Zuhr Otto , Rebele Stephan F. , Schneider David , Jung Rony E. , Hürzeler Markus B. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAimThe aim of this randomized clinical trial (RCT) was to introduce 3D digital measuring methods for evaluating the outcomes after surgical root coverage (RC) and to assess the clinical performance of the tunnel technique with subepithelial connective tissue graft (TUN) versus the coronally advanced flap (CAF) with enamel matrix derivative in the treatment of shallow localized gingival recession defects.Material and MethodsTwenty‐four patients contributed a total of 47 Miller class I or II recessions for scientific evaluation. Clinical outcomes were evaluated at 6 and 12 months. Precise study models gained at baseline and follow‐up examinations were optically scanned and virtually superimposed for digital evaluation of clinical outcome measures including percentage of RC and complete root coverage (CRC). Patient‐centred outcomes were evaluated with questionnaires. Final aesthetic outcomes were assessed using the root coverage esthetic score (RES).ResultsAt 12 months, RC was 98.4% for TUN‐treated and 71.8% for CAF‐treated defects (p = 0.0004). CRC was observed in 78.6% (TUN) and 21.4% (CAF) of the cases (p = 0.0070). Results for patient‐centred outcomes were equivalent for both groups but evaluation of the final aesthetic outcomes using the RES revealed a significant difference (9.06 versus 6.92, p = 0.0034) in favour of TUN.ConclusionsTUN resulted in significantly better clinical outcomes compared with CAF. The new measuring method provided high accuracy and unforeseen precision in the evaluation of treatment outcomes after surgical RC.
The Dentine Hypersensitivity Experience Questionnaire: a longitudinal validation study
Authors: Baker Sarah R. , Gibson Barry J. , Sufi Farzana , Barlow Ashley , Robinson Peter G. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAimTo validate the Dentine Hypersensitivity Experience Questionnaire in terms of responsiveness to change and to determine the minimally important difference.Materials and MethodsThe study was a secondary analysis of data from three randomized controlled trials with 311 participants. Three aspects of responsiveness were examined: change within individuals, differences among people who improved, stayed the same or worsened using an external referent and change due to treatment. Responsiveness to treatments of differing efficacy was assessed in trials with negative and active controls.ResultsThe measure showed excellent internal reliability, test–retest reliability and criterion validity. The measure was highly responsive to change within individuals (Cohen's effect sizes: 0.28, 0.56, 0.86) showing decreases in the total score (i.e. improvement in OHrQoL) across all trials. The effect sizes in participants whose self‐reported QoL “improved” were large (0.73–1.31). Dentine Hypersensitivity Experience Questionnaire detected a treatment effect in one of two negative control trials (effect size: 0.47). Dentine Hypersensitivity Experience Questionnaire scores were similar in the test and control groups in the active control trial. The minimally important difference range was between 22 and 39 points.ConclusionsThe measure is longitudinally reliable, valid and responsive and can discriminate between treatments of different efficacy.
Serotonin transporter‐linked polymorphic region (5‐HTTLPR) genotype and stressful life events interact to predict preschool‐onset depression: a replication and developmental extension
Authors: Bogdan Ryan , Agrawal Arpana , Gaffrey Michael S , Tillman Rebecca , Luby Joan L 
Published: October 2013

BackgroundScientific enthusiasm about gene × environment interactions, spurred by the 5‐HTTLPR (serotonin transporter‐linked polymorphic region) × SLEs (stressful life events) interaction predicting depression, have recently been tempered by sober realizations of small effects and meta‐analyses reaching opposing conclusions. These mixed findings highlight the need for further research. Converging evidence suggests that the effects of 5‐HTTLPR genotype may be neurodevelopmental in origin, but we are not aware of empirical studies that have investigated whether the 5‐HTTLPR genotype × SLE interaction predicts preschool‐onset depression (PO‐MDD), the earliest validated form of depression.MethodsChildren (n = 234) aged 3–5 were recruited for a longitudinal study designed to examine PO‐MDD. In a comprehensive baseline assessment, the child's primary caregivers completed questionnaires and were interviewed about their child's behaviors, psychiatric symptoms, and exposure to SLEs.ResultsA 5‐HTTLPR × SLEs interaction emerged, such that children homozygous for the short allele were more susceptible to depression in the context of elevated SLE than long allele carriers. In contrast, at low SLE exposure, short allele homozygotes had fewer depressive symptoms. The data were best fit by a plasticity model with a substantial reduction in fit by diathesis‐stress models.ConclusionsExtending studies in adult and adolescent populations, these data suggest that 5‐HTTLPR genotype may provide plasticity to environmental influence, for better or worse. Specifically, children homozygous for the short allele were more susceptible to the depressogenic effects of SLEs but benefitted, in the form of reduced depressive symptoms, in the context of relatively benign environmental conditions (i.e. relatively low SLE exposure). These data highlight the importance of examining gene × environment interactions across development, environment, and outcome but should be interpreted cautiously given the small sample size.
Increased use of lethal methods and annual increase of suicide rates in Korean adolescents: comparison with adolescents in the United States
Authors: Park Subin , Cho Soo‐Churl , Kim Bung‐Nyun , Kim Jae‐Won , Yoo Hee Jeong , Hong Jin Pyo 
Published: October 2013

BackgroundThe lethality of the suicide method is a strong risk factor for completed suicide. We examined whether the annual change in the pattern of suicide methods was related to the annual change in suicide rates among adolescents in South Korea and the United States.MethodsWe analyzed annual data for the 2000–2009 period for South Korea and the 2000–2008 period for the United States to examine time trends in the suicide rates and suicide methods of adolescents aged 10–19 years in two countries. Data on suicide methods were obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO) mortality database.ResultsSuicide rates among adolescents in the United States have remained relatively steady since 2000, whereas the suicide among Korean adolescents has increased. Between 2000 and 2009, the most common suicide method among Korean adolescents was jumping for boys and girls, whereas it was hanging for girls and firearms for boys in the United States. Along with the annual increase in suicide rates in South Korea, the incidences of jumping among males and hanging (and recently jumping) among females have increased steadily, whereas suicide by self‐poisoning steadily decreased. In the United States, between 2000 and 2008, the proportion of suicides committed by hanging increased, whereas those committed using firearms steadily decreased, particularly among adolescent females.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that the increased use of lethal suicide methods is reflected in the increase in suicide rates in Korean adolescents. The most fruitful approach to addressing the rises in jumping suicides among Korean adolescents and hanging suicides among adolescents in the United States may be through population‐based initiatives to reduce the physical availability (e.g., limiting access to or fencing off tall structures) and the social acceptability (e.g., effective and responsible regulations for reporting suicide) of these methods.
Palmitate induces reactive oxygen species production and β‐cell dysfunction by activating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase through Src signaling
Authors: Sato Yuichi , Fujimoto Shimpei , Mukai Eri , Sato Hiroki , Tahara Yumiko , Ogura Kasane , Yamano Gen , Ogura Masahito , Nagashima Kazuaki , Inagaki Nobuya 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAims/IntroductionChronic hyperlipidemia impairs pancreatic β‐cell function, referred to as lipotoxicity. We have reported an important role of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction by activation of Src, a non‐receptor tyrosine kinase, in impaired glucose‐induced insulin secretion (GIIS) from diabetic rat islets. In the present study, we investigated the role of ROS production by Src signaling in palmitate‐induced dysfunction of β‐cells.Materials and MethodsAfter rat insulinoma INS‐1D cells were exposed to 0.6 mmol/L palmitate for 24 h (palmitate exposure); GIIS, ROS production and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) activity were examined with or without exposure to10 μmol/L 4‐amino‐5‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐7‐(t‐butyl)pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine (PP2), a Src inhibitior, for 30 or 60 min.ResultsExposure to PP2 recovered impaired GIIS and decreased ROS overproduction as a result of palmitate exposure. Palmitate exposure increased activity of NOX and protein levels of NOX2, a pathological ROS source in β‐cells. Palmitate exposure increased the protein level of p47phox, a regulatory protein of NOX2, in membrane fraction compared with control, which was reduced by PP2. Transfection of small interfering ribonucleic acid of p47phox suppressed the augmented p47phox protein level in membrane fraction, decreased augmented ROS production and increased impaired GΙIS by palmitate exposure. In addition, exposure to PP2 ameliorated impaired GIIS and decreased ROS production in isolated islets of KK‐Ay mice, an obese diabetic model with hyperlipidemia.ConclusionsActivation of NOX through Src signaling plays an important role in ROS overproduction and impaired GΙIS caused by chronic exposure to palmitate, suggesting a lipotoxic mechanism of β‐cell dysfunction of obese mice.
Trends in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes in community‐dwelling Japanese subjects: The Hisayama Study
Authors: Mukai Naoko , Doi Yasufumi , Ninomiya Toshiharu , Hirakawa Yoichiro , Nagata Masaharu , Yoshida Daigo , Hata Jun , Fukuhara Masayo , Nakamura Udai , Kitazono Takanari , Kiyohara Yutaka 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAims/IntroductionWe examined secular trends in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes in community‐dwelling Japanese subjects.Materials and MethodsA total of 2,490 subjects in 1988 and 2,852 subjects in 2002 aged 40–79 years underwent a 75‐g oral glucose tolerance test, and their glucose tolerance status was defined by the 1998 World Health Organization criteria.ResultsThe age‐adjusted prevalence of type 2 diabetes increased significantly from 1988 to 2002 in men (14.6% in 1988 to 20.8% in 2002, P < 0.001) and women (9.1% in 1988 to 11.2% in 2002, P = 0.002). A significant rise in the age‐adjusted prevalence of prediabetes was also observed in both sexes (26.2% in 1988 to 35.3% in 2002, P < 0.001 for men; 22.5% in 1988 to 25.1% in 2002, P = 0.04 for women). In age‐stratified analysis, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes increased markedly over time in men aged 60–69 and 70–79 years (both P < 0.001) and women aged 70–79 years (P = 0.02). The prevalence of overall and central obesity increased significantly in men aged 60–69 and 70–79 years, and women aged 70–79 years from 1988 to 2002, whereas the frequency of regular exercise decreased significantly in men aged 70–79 years between the surveys.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes increased significantly in both sexes from the 1980s to the 2000s in a general Japanese population, and that the increasing prevalence of obesity and the decline in physical activity exerted an influence on this rising trend.
Effects of bariatric surgery on metabolic and nutritional parameters in severely obese Korean patients with type 2 diabetes: A prospective 2‐year follow up
Authors: Kim Mee Kyoung , Kim Wook , Kwon Hyuk‐Sang , Baek Ki‐Hyun , Kim Eung Kook , Song Ki‐Ho 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAims/IntroductionLittle is known about the long‐term effects of Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in severely obese Asian individuals.Methods and MaterialsA total of 33 severely obese patients with type 2 diabetes underwent RYGB. All patients were followed up for 2 years. Visceral and abdominal subcutaneous fat areas were assessed using computed tomography (CT) before, and 12 and 24 months after RYGB. The muscle attenuation (MA) of paraspinous muscles observed by CT were used as indices of intramuscular fat.ResultsThe mean percentage weight loss was 22.2 ± 5.3% at 12 months, and 21.3 ± 5.1% at 24 months after surgery. Compared with the baseline values, the visceral fat area was 53.6 ± 17.1% lower 24 months after surgery, and the abdominal subcutaneous fat area was 32.7 ± 16.1% lower 24 months after surgery. The MA increased from 48.7 ± 10.0 at baseline to 52.2 ± 8.9 (P = 0.009) 12 months after surgery. The MA after the first 12 months maintained changes until 24 months. Triglycerides and free fatty acids were reduced after surgery, whereas the high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were increased significantly after surgery. At the last follow‐up visit, 18 patients (55%) had diabetes remission. The percentage of iron and vitamin D deficiency was 30% and 52%, respectively.ConclusionsWe found that patients subjected to RYGB had significant sustained reductions in visceral and intramuscular fat. There were durable improvements in the cardiometabolic abnormalities without any significant comorbidities. However, there were mild nutritional deficiencies in these patients despite daily supplementation with multivitamins and minerals.
Association between serum adipocytokine levels and microangiopathies in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Jung Chan‐Hee , Kim Bo‐Yeon , Mok Ji‐Oh , Kang Sung‐Koo , Kim Chul‐Hee 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAims/IntroductionIt is thought that adipocytokines contribute to the increased risk of vascular complications in type 2 diabetes. However, there is still limited information on the relationship between microangiopathies and adipocytokines, such as adiponectin, leptin and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) in patients with type 2 diabetes.Materials and MethodsThe present study examined the relationship between fasting serum adiponectin, leptin, and TNF‐α levels and microangiopathies in Korean type 2 diabetes. A total of 153 patients were recruited and evaluated for diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy. Serum adiponectin, TNF‐α and leptin levels were measured.ResultsSerum adiponectin levels were significantly lower in patients with nephropathy than in those without nephropathy (P = 0.017), and were significantly higher in patients with retinopathy or neuropathy than those without retinopathy or neuropathy (P = 0.01 and P = 0.002, respectively). The mean levels of leptin were significantly higher in patients with neuropathy than in those without neuropathy (P = 0.002). The mean levels of TNF‐α were not significantly different according to any of the three microangiopathies. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio for the presence of neuropathy in the highest tertile of adiponectin was 4.3 (95% confidence interval 1.59–11.62), as compared with the patients in the lowest tertile of adiponectin level.ConclusionsLevels of adipocytokines were significantly different according to the presence of each microangiopathy. In particular, higher serum adiponectin was independently associated with increased odds for the presence of neuropathy. Future prospective studies with larger numbers of patients are required to establish a direct relationship between plasma adipocytokine concentrations and the development or severity of diabetic microangiopathies.
Interactive effects of an isocaloric high‐protein diet and resistance exercise on body composition, ghrelin, and metabolic and hormonal parameters in untrained young men: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Kim Hyun Ho , Kim Yun Jin , Lee Sang Yeoup , Jeong Dong Wook , Lee Jeong Gyu , Yi Yu Hyone , Cho Young Hye , Choi Eun Jung , Kim Hyun Jun 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAims/IntroductionThe interactive effects of resistance training and dietary protein on hormonal responses in adults are not clear and remain controversial. We tested the effect of an isocaloric high‐protein diet on body composition, ghrelin, and metabolic and hormonal parameters during a 12‐week resistance training program in untrained healthy young men.Material and MethodsWe randomized 18 healthy young men to a standard diet (ST group) or an isocaloric high protein diet (HP group). Both groups participated in a 12‐week resistance exercise program. We measured body composition, lipid profile, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) indices, total ghrelin, and exercise‐related hormones at baseline and 12 weeks.ResultsIn the HP group, lean body mass (LBM), total ghrelin, growth hormone, testosterone and cortisol levels showed an increase, whereas body fat percentage and HOMA‐IR showed a decrease at 12 weeks, compared with baseline (P ≤ 0.05). In the ST group, no changes in these parameters were observed during the 12‐week period. During the 12‐week period, significant differences in the pattern of change of LBM (P = 0.032), total ghrelin (P = 0.037), HOMA‐IR (P = 0.040) and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.011) over time were observed between the groups.ConclusionsThe findings of the present study suggest that an isocaloric high‐protein diet can ameliorate body composition, metabolic profiles and energy metabolism during a 12‐week scheduled resistance training program in untrained healthy young men. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (no. NCT01714700).
An exploratory split‐face study of a dual‐wavelength laser system on erythromelanosis follicularis faciei in Chinese population
Authors: Wang B. , Wu Y. , Zhu X. , Xu X.‐G. , Chen H.‐D. , Li Y.‐H. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundErythromelanosis follicularis faciei (EFF) is clinically characterized by well‐demarcated erythema, hyperpigmentation and follicular papules. No satisfactory therapy has been widely accepted.ObjectiveThis study was aimed to evaluate the efficiency and complications of a dual‐wavelength laser system in the treatment of EFF in Chinese population.MethodsTwelve Chinese patients with EFF were enrolled in this study. One side of the face was randomized to receive five successions of treatments at intervals of 6–8 weeks, with the other side spared as control. The parameters were set as follows: energy densities of 6.5–7.5 J/cm2 with pulsed dye laser (PDL) and 35–50 J/cm2 with Nd:YAG; pulse duration of 0.5 ms with PDL and 15 ms with Nd:YAG; a delay time of 100 ms between delivery of the two wavelengths. The efficacy was evaluated using subjective assessment and non‐invasive measurement.ResultsAfter five sessions of treatment, over 40% patients achieved more than 50% (moderate or significant) improvement. The efficacy maintained at 3‐month follow‐up. The values of erythema index and melanin index on treated side were significantly less than those on untreated side after sessions of treatments. Adverse effects of treated side were limited.ConclusionUsing this split‐face module, dual‐wavelength laser system treatment is proved to be suitable for Chinese EFF. Adverse effects were minimal.
Chromosomal instability associated with a novel BLM frameshift mutation (c.1980‐1982delAA) in two unrelated Tunisian families with Bloom syndrome
Authors: Salah G. Ben , Salem I. Hadj , Masmoudi A. , Rhouma B. Ben , Turki H. , Fakhfakh F. , Ayadi H. , Kamoun H. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe Bloom syndrome (BS) is an autosomal recessive disorder associated with dwarfism, immunodeficiency, reduced fertility and cancer risk. BS cells show genomic instability, particularly an hyper exchange between the sister chromatids due to a defective processing of the DNA replication intermediates. It is caused by mutations in the BLM gene which encodes a member of the RecQ family of DExH box DNA helicases. In this study, we reported cytogenetic, BLM linkage and mutational analyses for two affected Tunisian families. The Cytogenetic parameters were performed by chromosomal aberration (CA) and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assays and results showed a significant increase in mean frequency of CA and SCE in BS cells. BLM linkage performed by microsatellite genotyping revealed homozygous haplotypes for the BS patients, evidence of linkage to BLM gene. Mutational analysis by direct DNA sequencing revealed a novel frameshift mutation (c.1980‐1982delAA) in exon 8 of BLM gene, resulting in a truncated protein (p.Lys662fsX5). The truncated protein could explain genomic instability and its related symptoms in the BS patients. The screening of this mutation is useful for BS diagnosis confirmation in Tunisian families.
Atopy as a risk factor for thyroid autoimmunity in children affected with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Pedullá M. , Fierro V. , Papacciuolo V. , Alfano R. , Ruocco E. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundAs a result of several clinical reports addressing coincidence or coprevalence of atopy and autoimmune disease such as multiple sclerosis and type I diabetes mellitus, there has been considerable interest in defining the relationship between the expression of allergic and autoimmune disease in populations of patients. Although thyroid autoimmunity has been regularly associated with chronic urticaria in children, the cofrequency of thyroid autoimmunity and atopic dermatitis has not yet been investigated. The aim of the study was to describe our experience with children affected by atopic dermatitis and associated thyroid autoimmunity.MethodsFrom January 2010 to December 2012, 147 children affected by atopic dermatitis were consecutively referred to the Pediatric Clinic of the Pediatric Department at the Second University of Naples. Seventy healthy children of comparable ages, unaffected by atopic dermatitis, atopy or thyroid disease, served as a control group.ResultsOn the basis of skin prick test results we selected 54 IgE‐mediated (36.7%) and 93 non‐IgE‐mediated AD (63.3%) children. Fourteen of 147 patients (9.52%) showed increased levels of antithyroid antibodies.ConclusionsOur results therefore suggest that atopy, especially food allergy, and autoimmunity are two potential outcomes of dysregulated immunity.