bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HLA‐DR genotypes in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome in Taiwan
Authors: Yen Chang‐Yi , Wang Pin‐Yi , Chen Kuan‐Yu , Tseng Chia‐Chun , Wu Cheng‐Chin , Ou Tsan‐Teng , Yen Jeng‐Hsien 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDifferent human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes have been known to be associated with the risk of development of Sjögren's syndrome in different populations, but this association has never been reported in Taiwan. We enrolled 1044 subjects (673 patients, 371 controls) and tested their HLA‐DR genotypes. We found an increased risk of Sjögren's syndrome in patients carrying HLA‐DR8. DR1 and DR14 were associated with increased risk of eye involvement (uveitis, scleritis or optic neuritis), while DR15 was associated with increased risk of interstitial lung disease. DR8 was associated with increased risk of formation of multiple antibodies: anti‐Ro, rheumatoid factor and antinuclear antibodies (ANA) reaching titer 1:80 or above. DR9 was associated with decreased risk of formation of anti‐La antibodies and increased risk of formation of antithyroglobulin antibodies. DR10 was associated with risk of formation of anticyclic citrullinated peptide (anti‐CCP) antibodies, and DR11 was associated with increased risk of formation of anti‐La antibodies. Oral ulcer was found to be negatively associated with anti‐Ro antibodies and with anti‐ENA antibodies. Skin lesions were associated with ANA antibody titer elevation to 1:80 or above. Malignancies of any kind were associated with the presence of cryoglobulin. Females were more likely to be diagnosed at a younger age than males. There was no statistically significant relationship between HLA‐DR genotype and age at disease diagnosis. In patients with Sjögren's syndrome in Taiwan, the presence of HLA‐DR8 appeared to be a risk factor. In addition, we found several associations between HLA‐DR genotype, clinical presentation, and autoantibody status among them.
Different intraoperative joint laxity patterns do not impact clinical outcomes in robotic‐assisted medial unicompartmental knee replacement with 1‐to‐1 surface reconstruction
Authors: Innocenti Matteo , Leggieri Filippo , Theus‐Steinman Carlo , Moya‐Angeler Joaquin , Christen Bernhard , Calliess Tilman 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeRobotic‐assisted technology in medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (mUKA) allows for customized adjustments of joint laxity through virtual preoperative component positioning before bone preparation. Nevertheless, the optimal balancing curve has yet to be delineated. This study sought to investigate if varying intraoperative knee laxity patterns had any impact on postoperative patient outcomes.Materials and MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on prospectively collected data from 326 fixed‐bearing RAUKA procedures performed between 2018 and 2022 with a minimum 2‐year follow‐up. Patients were categorized into three cohorts based on intraoperative joint laxity patterns (millimetres of joint gap during valgus stress) imparted at 20°, 60°, 90° and 120° of knee flexion: cohort 1 < +0.5 mm (tight); cohort 2 between 0.6 and 1.9 mm (physiologic); cohort 3 > 2 mm (loose). Wilcoxon and Kruskal–Wallis tests were conducted to assess patient‐reported outcome measure (PROM) improvements and preoperative and postoperative differences across the cohorts. A Spearman's test evaluated the correlation between knee balance at all degrees of flexion and preoperative and postoperative HKA.ResultsNo differences in preoperative and postoperative PROMs were identified across the cohorts (p > 0.05). All three cohorts with different joint laxity patterns showed a significant improvement in the postoperative PROMS (p < 0.05). The preoperative or postoperative limb alignment did not significantly affect clinical outcomes relative to different laxity patterns.ConclusionNo differences were found in the outcomes across different joint laxity patterns in robotic‐assisted medial UKA using fixed‐bearing mUKAs. There was no evident advantage for maintaining a closer to physiologic laxity compared to tighter or looser balancing.Level of EvidenceLevel III, therapeutic study.
Grasses and forbs respond differently to inoculation with Stellera chamaejasme soil bota
Authors: Meng Huizhen , Guo Lizhu , Shen Feiyu , Li Jiahuan , Scullion John , He Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractStellera chamaejasme L. is a native, widely distributed weed in steppe perennial grassland in China and countries nearby. Its spread has been attributed in part to the effect of its associated soil biota on the growth of other plants. To investigate this hypothesis, soil associated with S. chamaejasme or not was taken from grasslands in the Inner Mongolia plateau. S. chamaejasme and six co‐occurring plant species, including grasses (Leymus chinensis and Agropyron cristatum) and forbs (Allium mongolicum, Sanguisorba officinalis, Plantago asiatica, and Saussurea runcinata), were then grown with such soil or its autoclaved inocula in pot trials comparing their shoot and root growth. Fungal diversity was compared between S. chamaejasme and non‐S. chamaejasme field soils to investigate differences in functional groups associated with plant growth. The growth of S. chamaejasme, and that of the forbs tested, increased with a “live” relative to the autoclaved inoculum whilst that of the two grasses decreased. Root‐shoot ratio significantly increased for S. chamaejasme grown with its own soil biota. S. chamaejasme and non‐S. chamaejasme soil fungal communities differed, with the former having decreased relative abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and increased abundance of plant pathogens, which might be factors promoting its spread and facilitating grassland degradation. The results improve our understanding of the role of soil biota in S. chamaejasme succession.
Gut‐derived appetite hormones do not explain energy intake differences in humans following low‐carbohydrate versus low‐fat diets
Authors: Hengist Aaron , Sciarrillo Christina M. , Guo Juen , Walter Mary , Hall Kevin D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to explore how dietary macronutrient composition influences postprandial appetite hormone responses and subsequent energy intake.MethodsA total of 20 adults (mean [SEM], age 30 [1] years, BMI 27.8 [1.3] kg/m2, n = 8 with normal weight, n = 6 with overweight, n = 6 with obesity) consumed a low‐fat (LF) diet (10% fat, 75% carbohydrate) and a low‐carbohydrate (LC) diet (10% carbohydrate, 75% fat) for 2 weeks each in an inpatient randomized crossover design. At the end of each diet, participants consumed isocaloric macronutrient‐representative breakfast test meals, and 6‐h postprandial responses were measured. Ad libitum energy intake was measured for the rest of the day.ResultsThe LC meal resulted in greater mean postprandial plasma active glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1; LC: 6.44 [0.78] pg/mL, LF: 2.46 [0.26] pg/mL; p < 0.0001), total glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP; LC: 578 [60] pg/mL, LF: 319 [37] pg/mL; p = 0.0004), and peptide YY (PYY; LC: 65.6 [5.6] pg/mL, LF: 50.7 [3.8] pg/mL; p = 0.02), whereas total ghrelin (LC: 184 [25] pg/mL, LF: 261 [47] pg/mL; p = 0.0009), active ghrelin (LC: 91 [9] pg/mL, LF: 232 [28] pg/mL; p < 0.0001), and leptin (LC: 26.9 [6.5] ng/mL, LF: 35.2 [7.5] ng/mL; p = 0.01) were lower compared with LF. Participants ate more during LC at lunch (244 [85] kcal; p = 0.01) and dinner (193 [86] kcal; p = 0.04), increasing total subsequent energy intake for the day compared with LF (551 [103] kcal; p < 0.0001).ConclusionsIn the short term, endogenous gut‐derived appetite hormones do not necessarily determine ad libitum energy intake.image
Anion exchange membrane with enhanced alkaline stability through radiation grafting of ETFE for solid polymer electrolytes
Authors: Govind Bharath , Rattan Sunita , Ameduri Bruno , Singhal Prachi , Tyagi Ankit , Cochran Eric W. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSolid polymer electrolyte membranes are considered as the nub of many electrochemical devices. Given the climate crisis and related concerns, the evolution of new membrane materials to support the sustainable systems is inevitable. Building on recent advances with the radiation technique and polymer chemistry, herein, anion exchange membranes (AEMs), ETFE‐g‐1VIm/4VP, were fabricated through graft copolymerization of vinyl heterocyclic monomer binary mixture, such as 1‐vinylimidazole (1‐VIm) and 4‐vinylpyridine (4‐VP) onto ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), a main polymer backbone without aryl ether bonds. The grafting reaction was achieved at 60°C and then followed by quaternization as a subsequent step. The effects of various reaction grafting conditions were investigated. The ETFE‐g‐1VIm/4VP AEM were characterized w.r.t the morphological and structural features. The dense surface of the grafted membranes is proved by field emission‐scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) images, which also show that the vinyl entities are clearly distributed in the prepolymer, which may lead to a continuous ion transport channel. AEMs processed from the highest graft yield showed good hydroxide conductivity at 90°C, reaching 16.9 mS/cm due to the presence of more transport sites. The same membrane has a relatively good alkaline stability, which is studied through weight percentage method and FT‐IR. Hence, we assume that the introduction of multi‐cationic moieties, pyridinium and imidazolium, contributes to the performance of anion exchange membranes and makes a perfect balance, especially the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity. These data highlight the potential of the copolymer as an anion exchange membrane for wide spectra of electrochemical applications.Highlights
AEMs based on ETFE‐g‐1VIm/4VP are developed via radiation grafting.
The membrane exhibits remarkable alkaline stability.
FT‐IR, SEM, and weight percentage methods were used to prove the alkaline stability.
The membrane has the potential to be used for different electrochemical applications.
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in pediatrics: Etiologies and outcomes
Authors: Cohen Sarah P. , Eisner Mariah , Fussner Lynn A. , Krivchenia Katelyn 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundMany conditions, including autoimmune disease and idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH), can cause diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH). Little is known about the epidemiology and outcomes in children.ObjectivesThis retrospective cohort study sought to describe the etiologies and outcomes of DAH in pediatric patients at a tertiary care center.MethodsThis study involved review of patient records with diagnostic codes or bronchoscopy reports suggestive of pulmonary hemorrhage at a large children's hospital over 11 years (2010−2020). Patients were included if they met criteria for DAH, defined as bilateral pulmonary infiltrates and at least one of the following: (1) hemoptysis, (2) blood visible on bronchoscopic exam without apparent airway source, or (3) DAH noted on biopsy or autopsy. Infants less than 10 days corrected gestational age were excluded.ResultsSeventy‐one children with DAH were included in the analysis. Cardiovascular disease was the most common etiology. Bleeding diathesis was common, but all patients had other causes of DAH. Patients with IPH were younger than those with autoimmune disease (p < .001). Most (77%) patients required mechanical ventilation, though this was less common among patients with autoimmune disease. Overall mortality was high (37%) but varied based on underlying etiology; mortality was higher in patients with cardiovascular disease (65%) while no deaths were seen in patients with autoimmune disease or IPH (p = .002). Survivors of DAH who performed pulmonary function tests had normal lung function.ConclusionsDAH frequently causes respiratory failure in children. In our cohort, mortality was highest in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Virtual reality gaming for rehabilitation of patients with urinary incontinence: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lialy Hagar E. , Abdalrahman Hamid Ali , Elsebaie Mai , Abdrabo Mohamed Fouad , Emara Mohamed , Mosad Yara , Elsaid Mohamed 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundUrinary Incontinence (UI) is a global health issue that mainly affects the female population worldwide. Different approaches have been sought for the management of UI including Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) using Virtual Reality (VR) gaming. We conducted this study to evaluate the effectiveness of VR gaming for rehabilitation of pelvic floor muscles (PFM) and improving urinary symptoms in patients with UI.MethodWe've included studies that contain any type of VR in all geographic locations and settings with no restrictions on the date of publication, age, or gender. Our exclusion criteria include reviews, case series, case reports, unextractable data, unavailable full text, abstract only articles, and studies don't show the effects of VR as a treatment for UI. A pre‐specified search term was used and modified according to the requirements of each of the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, Google scholar, and ScienceDirect. For risk of bias assessment, two assessment tools have been used: ROB 2.0 for RCTs and NIH for single arm studies.ResultsOf 915 papers identified from 6 databases, 341 papers were assigned for screening after removing duplicates, 11 papers were eligible for full text screening, and 4 papers were finally included. The qualitative analysis of the results identifies six outcomes grouped into three primary categories: PFM, urinary symptoms, and quality of life. Only urinary loss outcome was eligible for meta‐analysis. The net effect between Game therapy + PFMT and PFMT reached MD = −5.49, 95% CI [−12.36:1.38] (heterogeneity; I2 = 95%, p < 0.01).ConclusionOur research underscores the potential of VR gaming as a valuable adjunctive therapy for pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation in patients with UI. However, further studies are needed to explore its long‐term effectiveness, optimal therapy parameters, and cost‐effectiveness.RegistrationOur protocol has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022384500).
Expression and immune infiltration studies of IL‐33‐ST2‐NF‐κB signaling pathway in prostate cancer
Authors: Wang Han , He Kang , Liu Yuqi , Yang Lijuan , Wang Zhenjiang , Wang Helin , Bai Chengxia , Liu Jian , Zhao Lijing , Ma Dongrui , Liu Yanbo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo analyze the expression of interleukin‐33 (IL‐33), growth‐stimulated expression gene 2 (ST2), nuclear factor‐kappaB (NF‐κB) and immune cell infiltration in prostate cancer, this study aims to provide an experimental basis for the clinical prevention and treatment of prostate cancer.MethodsThe expression of IL‐33 in PCa tissues was analyzed using TCGA, TIMER and HPA databases. Using the UALCAN database, the systematic exploration of the relationship between IL‐33 and various clinicopathological parameters was conducted. The correlation between IL‐33 expression and immune cell infiltration was investigated using TIMER, CIBERSORT and GEPIA databases. To verify these analyses, 22 cases of normal prostate (NP), 76 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and 100 cases of PCa were recruited. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to examine the expression of IL‐33, ST2, NF‐κB, and the infiltration of immune cells. Correlations between these factors were then determined.ResultsThe expression of IL‐33, ST2 and NF‐κB was significantly lower in PCa tissues compared with NP (p < 0.05). IL‐33 was not associated with age in PCa but showed associations with race, molecular characteristics, lymph node metastatic status, TP53 mutation and tumor grade. Furthermore, IL‐33 was associated with immune cell infiltration. Positive correlations were observed between IL‐33 and ST2 expressions, as well as between IL‐33 and CD68+ macrophages in BPH and PCa.ConclusionsIL‐33, ST2 and NF‐κB are lowly expressed in PCa tissues, their expression decreases with the increasing malignancy of cancer. IL‐33, ST2 and NF‐κB are factors associated with PCa immune infiltration. IL‐33 has an inhibitory effect on prostate cancer through the IL‐33/ST2/NF‐κB signalling pathway.
Improving quality control procedures for the measurement of total daily energy expenditure using the two‐point doubly labeled water method
Authors: Breit Matthew J. , Duncan Nassia M. , Dahle Jared H. , Catenacci Victoria A. , Creasy Seth A. , Berman Elena S. , Speakman John R. , Melanson Edward L. 
Published: August 2024

RationaleThe precision of the doubly labeled water (DLW) method is determined by the precision and accuracy of the isotopic measurements. Quality control (QC) procedures to mitigate sample variability require additional measurements if sample duplicates differ more than a factor of instrument precision. We explored the effect of widening QC ranges on total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) determined using the two‐point sampling method.MethodsWe screened DLW data from 121 individuals for instances where samples were analyzed more than twice using our existing QC criteria (±2.0 per mil [δ] for 2H and ±0.5 δ for 18O). We then applied wider QC ranges for accepting duplicate measures and recalculated TDEE.ResultsWidening the 2H QC range to ±10.0 δ in samples collected on the first day (most enriched) and to ±5.0 δ in samples collected on the final day (less enriched) produced almost identical mean TDEE compared to the originally calculated TDEE (2684 ± 508 vs. 2687 ± 512 kcal/day, p = 0.40). There was a strong correlation with the originally calculated TDEE (r2 = 0.97, p < 0.001).ConclusionsExpanding the 2H QC range to ±10.0 δ for samples collected on the first day and ±5.0 δ for samples collected on the final day provides similar mean TDEE results. These findings may help DLW labs optimize QC criteria and reduce analytical costs.
A multiscale feature fusion‐guided lightweight semantic segmentation network
Authors: Ye Xin , Pan Junchen , Chen Jichen , Zhang Jingbo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSemantic segmentation, a task of assigning class labels to each pixel in an image, has found applications in various real‐world scenarios, including autonomous driving and scene understanding. However, its widespread use is hindered by the high computational burden. In this paper, we propose an efficient semantic segmentation method based on Feature Cascade Fusion Network (FCFNet) to address this challenge. FCFNet utilizes a dual‐path framework comprising the Spatial Information Path (SIP) and the Context Information Path (CIP). SIP is a shallow structure that captures the local dependencies of each pixel to improve the accuracy of detailed segmentation. CIP is the main branch with a deeper structure that captures sufficient contextual information from input features. Moreover, we design an Efficient Receptive Field Module (ERFM) to enlarge the receptive field in the SIP. Meanwhile, Attention Shuffled Refinement Module is used to refine feature maps from different stages. Finally, we present an Attention‐Guided Fusion Module to fuse the low‐ and high‐level feature maps effectively. Experimental results show that our proposed FCFNet achieves 70.7% mean intersection over union (mIoU) on the Cityscapes data set and 68.1% mIoU on the CamVid data set, respectively, with inference speeds of 110 and 100 frames per second (FPS), respectively. Additionally, we evaluated FCFNet on the Nvidia Jetson Xavier embedded device, which demonstrated competitive performance while significantly reducing power consumption.
Recent Advances of Carbon Capture in Metal–Organic Frameworks: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Li Wen‐Liang , Shuai Qi , Yu Jiamei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe excessive emission of greenhouse gases, which leads to global warming and alarms the world, has triggered a global campaign for carbon neutrality. Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technology has aroused wide research interest as a versatile emission mitigation technology. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), as a new class of high‐performance adsorbents, hold great potential for CO2 capture from large point sources and ambient air due to their ultra‐high specific surface area as well as pore structure. In recent years, MOFs have made great progress in the field of CO2 capture and separation, and have published a number of important results, which have greatly promoted the development of MOF materials for practical carbon capture applications. This review summarizes the most recent advanced research on MOF materials for carbon capture in various application scenarios over the past six years. The strategies for enhancing CO2 selective adsorption and separation of MOFs are described in detail, along with the development of MOF‐based composites. Moreover, this review also systematically summarizes the highly concerned issues of MOF materials in practical applications of carbon capture. Finally, future research on CO2 capture by MOF materials is prospected.
Highly Flexible and Reversible Stimuli‐Responsive Photonic Crystal Film in Anti‐Counterfeit, Detector, and Coating
Authors: Jia Shengzhe , Yang Bingbing , Du Jing , Zhang Jiayin , Xie Yujiang , Yu Liuyang , Zhang Yuan , Tao Tiantian , Tang Weiwei , Gong Junbo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVarious fascinating optical characteristics in organisms encourage scientists to develop biomimetic synthesis strategies and mimic their unique microstructure. Inspired by the Chameleon's skin with tunable color and superior flexibility, this work designs the evaporated‐induced self‐assembly technique to synthesize the chiral photonic crystal film. Ultrasonic‐intensified and additive‐assisted techniques synergistically optimize the film properties, on the aspects of optic and mechanic. The film shows considerable rigidity and superior flexibility, which can undergo multiple mechanical deformations. Without destroying the chiral nematic structure, the ultimate strain approaches 50%, which exceeds most cellulose‐derived film materials. It also integrates excellent optical performance. The film color can cover the total visible region by tuning the photonic bandgap and has angle‐dependent properties. It can make the response to humidity and solvents, and chromaticity variation reflects the degree of stimulation. Importantly, this structural‐dependent color change is reversible. Lastly, the photonic crystal materials with excellent mechanics and unique optics have been applied in the security. The anti‐counterfeiting material design contains photonic crystal ink, repeatable writing paper, information‐hiding film, and color‐changing labels, with the features of environmentally friendly, economical, non‐destructive, and convenient for authentication.
Connecting Compassion: Empathy's Role in STEM and Literacy Integration
Authors: Cheek Leah R. , Carter Vinson , Daugherty Michael K. , Goering Christian Z. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEmpathy, an unsung, yet critical element of learning, can be strategically interlaced with literacy instruction and engineering design to create a rich and authentic learning experience for students. Integrated STEM education rests on the promise of engaging students and providing deep understandings through the intentional practice of delivering science and math content through the application of technology and engineering skills. Using children's literature to activate empathy and design thinking can help students become better problem‐solvers, critical thinkers, and caring members of society. Empathy facilitates a deeper connection to the human experience, ensuring that solutions not only meet the design requirements, but also address the emotions and concerns of the end user. Building upon story grammar, students can understand the needs of characters in narratives and create empathetic solutions to the challenges that characters in a book may face, ultimately helping students develop confidence and embrace their future possibilities.