bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Resolution DEM Generation in High‐Alpine Terrain Using Airborne Remote Sensing Techniques
Authors: Bühler Yves , Marty Mauro , Ginzler Christian 
Published: August 2012

AbstractUp‐to‐date and accurate digital elevation models (DEMs) are essential for many applications such as numerical modeling of mass movements or mapping of terrain changes. Today the Federal Department of Topography, swisstopo, provides Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) and Digital Surface Models (DSMs) derived from airborne LiDAR data with a high spatial resolution of 2 m covering the entire area of Switzerland below an elevation of 2000 m a.s.l.. However, above an elevation of 2000 m a.s.l., which is typical for high‐alpine terrain, the best product available is the a DTM with a spatial resolution of 25 m. This spatial resolution is insufficient for many applications in complex terrain. In this study, we investigate the quality of DSMs derived from opto‐electronic scanner data (ADS80; acquired in autumn 2010) using photogrammetric image correlation techniques based on the multispectral nadir and backward looking sensor data. As reference, we take a high precision airborne LiDAR data set with a spatial resolution of ca. 0.5 m, acquired in late summer 2010, covering the Grabengufer/Dorfbach catchment near Randa, VS. We find the deviations between the two datasets are surprisingly low. In terrain with inclination angles of less than 30° the RMSE is below 0.5 m. In extremely steep terrain of more than 50° the RMSE goes up to 2 m and outliers increase significantly. We also find dependencies of the deviations on illumination conditions and ground cover classes. Finally we discuss advantages and disadvantages of the different data acquisition methods.
Subject and Topic: Evidence From Kenyang1
Authors: Green Melanie , Tabe Florence A. E. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe Cameroonian language Kenyang provides evidence for the view that subjects evolve from topics, and subject agreement morphemes from pronominal subjects. Kenyang has fully grammaticalised clause‐internal subjects, and a pre‐verbal subject marker that licenses null subjects, as well as marking aspect. Clause‐external topics may be involved in subject‐like processes such as reflexivisation or control of a null embedded subject, but only through a chain of reference mediated by a co‐referential subject. A comparison of topic and clause‐initial contrastive focus enables a full characterisation of topic by revealing systematic structural differences. A broadly minimalist analysis provides a straightforward model of the findings.
A Creative Industry in Transition: The Rise of Digitally Driven Independent Music Production
Authors: Hracs Brian J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis paper nuances our understanding of the ongoing transition within the North American music industry. It extends the existing analysis of the so‐called “MP3 Crisis” by exploring the ways in which digital technologies have challenged the entrenched power of the major record labels. In particular, new insights are offered based on interviews with music industry executives who have been active in shaping the industry's response to illegal file sharing. The paper also uses interview data from musicians to investigate the implications of restructuring at the macroscale on creative talent at the microscale. As such, it documents the structures and spatial dynamics of digitally driven independent music production in Canada for the first time.
Risk factors for postpartum urinary retention: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mulder FEM , Schoffelmeer MA , Hakvoort RA , Limpens J , Mol BWJ , van der Post JAM , Roovers JPWR 
Published: August 2012

Please cite this paper as: Mulder F, Schoffelmeer M, Hakvoort R, Limpens J, Mol B, van der Post J, Roovers J. Risk factors for postpartum urinary retention: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. BJOG 2012;119:1440–1446.Background  Postpartum urinary retention (PUR) is a common condition with varying prevalence. Measurement of the post‐void residual volume (PVRV) is not regularly performed. Various studies have been published on overt (the inability to void after giving birth, requiring catheterisation) and covert (an increased PVRV after spontaneous micturition) PUR. To evaluate which clinical prognostic factors are related to PUR, the identification of independent risk factors for covert and overt PUR is needed.Objectives  We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies reporting on risk factors for PUR.Search strategy  Systematic search of MEDLINE and EMBASE to September 2011.Selection criteria  Articles that reported on women diagnosed with PUR or with an abnormal PVRV.Data collection and analysis  The included articles were selected by two authors. We constructed two‐by‐two tables for potential risk factors of overt and covert PUR and calculated pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals.Main results  Twenty‐three observational studies with original data were eligible for data extraction, of which 13 could be used for meta‐analysis. Statistically significant risk factors for overt PUR were epidural analgesia (OR 7.7), instrumental delivery (OR 4.5), episiotomy (OR 4.8) and primiparity (OR 2.4). For covert PUR, variety in the definitions used resulted in heterogeneity; no significant prognostic factors were found.Conclusions  Instrumental delivery, epidural analgesia, episiotomy and nulliparity are statistically significantly associated with a higher incidence of overt PUR. The same factors were identified for covert PUR, but without statistical significance. Uniformity in definitions in future research is essential to create a prognostic model.
Pregnancy outcome in women with peritoneal, ovarian and rectovaginal endometriosis: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Vercellini P , Parazzini F , Pietropaolo G , Cipriani S , Frattaruolo MP , Fedele L 
Published: August 2012

Please cite this paper as: Vercellini P, Parazzini F, Pietropaolo G, Cipriani S, Frattaruolo M, Fedele L. Pregnancy outcome in women with peritoneal, ovarian and rectovaginal endometriosis: a retrospective cohort study. BJOG 2012;119:1538–1543.We retrospectively assessed pregnancy outcome in 419 women who achieved a first spontaneous singleton pregnancy after surgery for endometriosis. A miscarriage was observed in 87 of 419 women (20.8%) and an ectopic pregnancy in eight (1.9%). Among the remaining 324 women, 14 (4.3%) experienced gestational hypertension/pre‐eclampsia, 38 (11.7%) had a preterm delivery, five (1.5%) had placental abruption and 12 (3.7%) had placenta praevia. The incidence of placenta praevia was 7.6% in 150 women with rectovaginal lesions, 2.1% in 69 with ovarian endometriomas plus peritoneal implants, and 2.4% in 100 women with peritoneal implants only, whereas no case was observed in 100 women with ovarian endometriomas only.
Perinatal outcomes and gestational weight gain in women with eating disorders: a population‐based cohort study
Authors: Micali N , De Stavola B , dos‐Santos‐Silva I , Steenweg‐de Graaff J , Jansen PW , Jaddoe VWV , Hofman A , Verhulst FC , Steegers EAP , Tiemeier H 
Published: August 2012

Please cite this paper as: Micali N, De Stavola B, dos‐Santos‐Silva I, Steenweg‐de Graaff J, Jansen P, Jaddoe V, Hofman A, Verhulst F, Steegers E, Tiemeier H. Perinatal outcomes and gestational weight gain in women with eating disorders: a population‐based cohort study. BJOG 2012;119:1493–1502.Objective  To investigate adverse perinatal outcomes and gestational weight gain trajectories in women with lifetime (current/past) eating disorders (ED: anorexia nervosa [AN] and bulimia nervosa [BN]).Design  A longitudinal population‐based birth cohort.Setting  Rotterdam, the Netherlands.Sample  Women who enrolled prenatally, had complete information on exposure (lifetime ED), and gave birth to a live singleton (n = 5256). Four groups of exposed women: lifetime AN (n = 129), lifetime BN (n = 209), lifetime AN + BN (n = 100), other lifetime psychiatric disorder (n = 1002) were compared with unexposed women (n = 3816).Methods  Perinatal outcomes and gestational weight gain were obtained from obstetric and midwifery records, self‐report and objective measurements. Exposed women were compared with unexposed women within the cohort using linear, logistic regression and mixed models.Main outcome measures  Any pregnancy, delivery and postnatal complications. Birthweight adjusted for gestational age, prematurity (born <37 weeks), small‐for‐gestational age; maternal weight gain during pregnancy.Results  Maternal AN was positively associated with suspected fetal distress. No differences were found in mean birthweight, prevalence of a small‐for‐gestational‐age, or premature birth. Relative to unexposed women, women with AN had, on average, a lower body weight but a higher rate of weight gain subsequently; whereas women with BN had a higher body weight but a lower rate of weight gain.Conclusions  Maternal lifetime ED is associated with few adverse perinatal outcomes in this sample. Differential gestational weight gain patterns in women with AN and BN are consistent with possible biological compensatory mechanisms aimed at protecting the fetus.
Focal cortical dysplasia type IIa underlying epileptogenesis in patients with epilepsy associated with Sturge‐Weber syndrome
Authors: Murakami Nobuya , Morioka Takato , Suzuki Satoshi O. , Hashiguchi Kimiaki , Amano Toshiyuki , Sakata Ayumi , Iwaki Toru , Sasaki Tomio 
Published: August 2012

SummaryIn patients with epilepsy associated with Sturge‐Weber syndrome (SWS), epileptogenesis has been suggested to be caused by chronic ischemia in cortical areas affected by leptomeningeal angiomatosis or by ischemia‐related cortical malformations. However, this has not been fully verified electrophysiologically. We herein present two cases of SWS with medically intractable epilepsy in which the epileptogenic area involved focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) type IIa near the region of leptomeningeal angiomatosis. In both cases, the ictal‐onset zones were identified by chronic subdural electrodes, and the presence of FCD type IIa was shown histopathologically. In SWS, especially in association with focal leptomeningeal angiomatosis, FCD may thus play a major role in epileptogenesis. FCD should therefore be demonstrated by the collective findings of perioperative neurophysiologic examination, anatomic and functional neuroimaging, and histopathologic examination.
Resection of ictal high‐frequency oscillations leads to favorable surgical outcome in pediatric epilepsy
Authors: Fujiwara Hisako , Greiner Hansel M. , Lee Ki Hyeong , Holland‐Bouley Katherine D. , Seo Joo Hee , Arthur Todd , Mangano Francesco T. , Leach James L. , Rose Douglas F. 
Published: August 2012

SummaryPurpose:  Intracranial electroencephalography (EEG) is performed as part of an epilepsy surgery evaluation when noninvasive tests are incongruent or the putative seizure‐onset zone is near eloquent cortex. Determining the seizure‐onset zone using intracranial EEG has been conventionally based on identification of specific ictal patterns with visual inspection. High‐frequency oscillations (HFOs, >80 Hz) have been recognized recently as highly correlated with the epileptogenic zone. However, HFOs can be difficult to detect because of their low amplitude. Therefore, the prevalence of ictal HFOs and their role in localization of epileptogenic zone on intracranial EEG are unknown.Methods:  We identified 48 patients who underwent surgical treatment after the surgical evaluation with intracranial EEG, and 44 patients met criteria for this retrospective study. Results were not used in surgical decision making. Intracranial EEG recordings were collected with a sampling rate of 2,000 Hz. Recordings were first inspected visually to determine ictal onset and then analyzed further with time‐frequency analysis. Forty‐one (93%) of 44 patients had ictal HFOs determined with time‐frequency analysis of intracranial EEG.Key Findings:  Twenty‐two (54%) of the 41 patients with ictal HFOs had complete resection of HFO regions, regardless of frequency bands. Complete resection of HFOs (n = 22) resulted in a seizure‐free outcome in 18 (82%) of 22 patients, significantly higher than the seizure‐free outcome with incomplete HFO resection (4/19, 21%).Significance:  Our study shows that ictal HFOs are commonly found with intracranial EEG in our population largely of children with cortical dysplasia, and have localizing value. The use of ictal HFOs may add more promising information compared to interictal HFOs because of the evidence of ictal propagation and followed by clinical aspect of seizures. Complete resection of HFOs is a favorable prognostic indicator for surgical outcome.
Long‐term seizure outcome after resective surgery in patients evaluated with intracranial electrodes
Authors: Bulacio Juan C. , Jehi Lara , Wong Chong , Gonzalez‐Martinez Jorge , Kotagal Prakash , Nair Dileep , Najm Imad , Bingaman William 
Published: August 2012

SummaryPurpose:  Despite advances in “noninvasive” localization techniques, many patients with medically intractable epilepsy require the placement of subdural (subdural grid electrode, SDE) and/or depth electrodes for the identification and definition of extent of the epileptic region. This study investigates the trends in longitudinal seizure outcome and its predictors in this group.Methods:  We reviewed the medical records, and electroencephalography (EEG) data of 414 consecutive patients who underwent intracranial electrode placement (SDE and/or depth electrodes) at Cleveland Clinic Epilepsy Center between 1998 and 2008. A favorable outcome was defined as complete seizure freedom, discounting any auras or seizures that occurred within the first postoperative week. Survival curves were constructed, and Cox proportional hazard modeling was used to identify outcome predictors.Key Findings:  The estimated probability of complete seizure freedom was 61% (95% confidence interval [CI] 58–64%) at one postoperative year, 47% (95% CI 44–50%) at 3 years, 42% (95% CI 39–45%) at 5 years, and 33% (95% CI 28–38%) at 10 years. Half of all seizure recurrences occurred within the first two postoperative months. Subsequently, the rate of seizure freedom declined by 4–5% every 2–3 years. After multivariate analysis, two independent predictors of seizure recurrence were identified: (1) prior resective surgery (p ≤ 0.002), mostly in patients with temporal lobe resections, and (2) sublobar or multilobar resection (p ≤ 0.02), mostly in patients following frontal lobe resections.Significance:  Favorable seizure outcomes are possible in the complex epilepsy population requiring invasive EEG studies. We propose that mislocalization of the epileptogenic zone or its incomplete resection account for early postoperative recurrences, whereas epileptogenesis may lead to later relapses.
Rising Charges and Costs for Pediatric Catheter Ablation
Authors: BURNS KRISTIN M. , EVANS FRANK , PEARSON GAIL D. , BERUL CHARLES I. , KALTMAN JONATHAN R. 
Published: August 2012

Pediatric Ablation Charges and Costs Are Rising. Introduction: Catheter ablation has been shown to be effective for pediatric tachyarrhythmias, but the associated charges and costs have not been described in the recent era. Understanding such contemporary trends may identify ways to keep an effective therapy affordable while optimizing clinical outcomes.Methods: We used the 1997–2009 Kids’ Inpatient Databases to examine trends in charges and costs for pediatric catheter ablation and identify determinants of temporal changes.Results: There were 7,130 discharges for catheter ablation in the sample. Mean age at ablation was 12.1 ± 0.2 years. Patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) made up 10% of the sample. Complications occurred in 8% of discharges. Mean total charges rose 219% above inflation (from $23,798 ± 1,072 in 1997 to $75,831 ± 2,065 in 2009). From 2003 to 2009, costs rose 25% (from $20,459 ± 780 in 2003 to $25,628 ± 992 in 2009). Charges for ablation increased markedly relative to surgical procedures, but with a similar slope to other catheter‐based interventions. Multivariable analysis revealed that year (P < 0.0001), payer (P = 0.0002), CHD (P < 0.0001), valvular heart disease (P = 0.0004), cardiomyopathy (P = 0.0009), hospital region (P < 0.0001), length of stay (P < 0.0001), and complications (P < 0.0001) predicted increased charges. The same factors also predicted increased costs. Charges and costs varied considerably by region, particularly for high‐volume centers (P < 0.0001).Conclusions: Charges and costs for pediatric catheter ablation increased relative to other procedures and significantly outstripped inflation. Further study of complications, length of stay, and regional differences may help control rising costs while maintaining quality of care. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 24, pp. 162‐169, February 2013)
Interaction of Intraluminal Tissue and Coronary Sinus Lead Stabilized with Stent Placement
Authors: BALÁZS TIBOR , MERKELY BÉLA , BOGNÁR ESZTER , ZIMA ENDRE 
Published: August 2012

Intraluminal Interaction of Tissue and Stented CS Lead. Introduction: The aim of our investigation was to examine the intraluminal interaction of the vascular tissue and the implanted coronary sinus lead stabilized with stent on two human hearts removed before transplantation.
Methods and results:
The coronary sinus lumen was sectioned under operational microscope and opened carefully. The leads and stents were found separately positioned beside each other completely covered by an intact intimal tissue layer. No sign of occluding proliferative tissue was observed.
Conclusion:
Stent fixation technique and extraction of the CS lead in our cases did not have any particular damaging effect on the vascular system. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 24, pp. 468‐470, April 2013)
Phase Relationships in the Tricalcium Phosphate—Cerium Phosphate System. Thermal behavior of Phases Present in the System
Authors: Matraszek Aleksandra , Szczygiel Irena 
Published: August 2012

A diagram representing the phase relationships in the Ca3(PO4)2–CePO4 phosphate system has been developed on the basis of results obtained using thermal analysis (DTA/DSC/TG), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDS) methods. One intermediate compound with formula Ca3Ce(PO4)3 occurs in the Ca3(PO4)2–CePO4 system at temperature exceeding 1275°C. The compound melts at 1833°C and has one structural form. In the system a solid solution, having the structure of low‐temperature form of calcium phosphate Ca3−3xCex(PO4)2−x (where x is a molar fraction of CePO4), exists. The temperature and concentration range of the solid solution has been determined. It has been shown that the Ca9Ce(PO4)7 phase should be understood as a limited solid solution with x = 0.25.
Structural and Physical Property Studies of Amorphous Zn–In–Sn–O Thin Films
Authors: Proffit Diana E. , Ma Qing , Buchholz Donald B. , Chang Robert P. H. , Bedzyk Michael J. , Mason Thomas O. 
Published: August 2012

The structures in amorphous (a‐) Zn, Sn co‐doped In2O3 (ZITO) thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition on glass under varying oxygen pressure or with varying Sn:Zn ratios were determined using X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and anomalous X‐ray scattering. Typical structures around cations in a‐ZITO films are described and compared with crystalline (c‐) ZITO films. The results show that the Zn cations are fourfold coordinated with Zn–O bond lengths of 1.98 ± 0.02 Å, which is close to that in bulk ZnO. As a consequence, the second coordination shells around Zn contract. At longer distances away from Zn, the structure is commensurate with the averaged structure. The unit volume around In also contracts slightly compared to bulk In2O3, whereas the Sn–O bond length is similar to the one in bulk SnO2. These unique structural characteristics may account for the films' superior thermal stability over amorphous Sn‐doped In2O3, and suggest that Zn and Sn act as network‐forming cations. Like in c‐ZITO, coordination numbers (N) around Sn, In, and Zn follow the order NSn > NIn > NZn. Unlike in c‐ZITO, where electrical properties change significantly with a slight variation in the Sn:Zn ratio, this variation does not markedly alter the electrical properties, or the local structures, of a‐ZITO films. Dramatic changes in the electrical properties occur for films grown under various oxygen pressures, which point to oxygen “defects” as the source of charge carriers.
Do‐it‐yourself cement work: the main cause of severe irritant contact dermatitis requiring hospitalization
Authors: Poppe Heiko , Poppe Lidia Marilia , Bröcker Eva‐B. , Trautmann Axel 
Published: August 2012

Background. There are myriads of potentially irritant agents causing acute irritant contact dermatitis. In the large majority of cases, dermatitis is mild to moderate, and patients do not need hospitalization. However, some agents or special circumstances may cause severe dermatitis requiring more intensive therapy.Objectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate causative agents of severe acute irritant contact dermatitis requiring hospitalization.Methods. In this single‐centre observational cohort study, we included 54 consecutive patients presenting with signs and symptoms of acute irritant contact dermatitis for which hospitalization was necessary. The severity of dermatitis was graded (grade I–IV) according to intensity, and details related to the skin irritation (irritant agent, area of exposure, time interval to onset of symptoms, and duration of hospitalization) were determined.Results. All cases with severe ulcerative dermatitis (grade IV) were caused by wet cement, owing to prolonged skin contact. These cement burns are clearly associated with amateur work, younger age, male preponderance, and leg localization.Conclusions. The study data provide clear‐cut evidence that wet cement is a severely irritant substance that regularly causes the most severe form of acute irritant contact dermatitis. The main causative prerequisite for these cement burns is do‐it‐yourself work with poor protective measures.