bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the effects of occlusal splint and Botox injections on the amount of mouth opening and chronic pain in individuals with temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: İşisağ Ö , Atasoy H , Yıldız S 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveThis systematic review and meta‐analysis study was carried out to compare the effectiveness of occlusal splint (OS) and Botox (BTX) injections in temporomandibular disorders (TMDs).Material and MethodsIrrespective of the starting year, studies were searched for up to 2024 using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus databases and the Google Scholar search engine. In the study, graded chronic pain scale and maximum mouth opening amount parameters were analysed with Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis programme.ResultsOut of 619 studies, only six were included in the meta‐analysis. The effect size was 0.293 in favour of BTX in the studies evaluating the maximum mouth‐opening (MMO) range. However, the amount of MMO did not show a statistically significant difference between the OS and BTX groups (95% CI – 0.383 to 0.969, P = 0.395, z = −0.850). In the subgroup analyses carried out based on the follow‐up periods, it was found that the MMO was statistically significantly higher in the BTX group at the first week and in the OS group at the third month. However, there was no significant difference observed at the first, second, sixth and twelfth month follow‐ups (P > 0.05). No significant difference was found between the groups (P > 0.05) in the publications that evaluated the graded chronic pain scale (GCPS), although an effect size of 0.673 was found in favour of OS (95% CI 0.331 to 1.365, P = 0.272, z = −1.098).ConclusionBTX injections and OS applications show significant differences in the MMO of individuals in the early period. In contrast, the MMO of individuals and the GCPS show similar findings in the sixth month and longer follow‐up.
A missense mutation in the KCNE4 gene is not predictive of equine anhidrosis
Authors: van der Graaf Lexie , Leigh Wesley , Szmatoła Tomasz , Roberts Kelsey , Ryan Stephanie , Brown Briana , Van Buren Samantha , Finno Carrie J. , Petersen Jessica L. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAnhidrosis is defined as a decreased or absent ability to sweat in response to heat and exercise. In horses, this condition can increase the risk of life‐threatening hyperthermia. A prior study has suggested that equine anhidrosis is associated with a missense variant (rs68643109) in the Potassium Voltage‐Gated Channel Subfamily E Regulatory Subunit 4 (KCNE4) gene. This project aimed to validate this association in a population of well‐phenotyped horses and to determine the allele frequency of this variant in publicly available whole‐genome sequence data. Fifty horses within the University of California Davis Center for Equine Health herd were evaluated for anhidrosis using a series of intradermal terbutaline injections. From existing whole‐genome sequence data, the rs68643109 genotype of each horse was identified. When stimulated with terbutaline, all 50 horses produced sweat. All three genotypes at rs68643109 were present in this population of horses; the allele previously associated with anhidrosis (G) was present at a frequency of 0.72. No statistical difference in total sweat score was found (p = 0.31). In whole‐genome sequences from 820 other horses reported across three prior studies, the alternative (candidate) allele frequency was similarly high, ranging from 0.52 to 0.68. Since all 50 horses tested in our population produced sweat regardless of genotype, and the previously associated allele is present at a high frequency across datasets, these data fail to validate the missense variant within the KCNE4 gene as causative of or contributing to equine anhidrosis.
Severe gamma‐hydroxybutyrate withdrawal with delirium, hemodynamic lability, and rhabdomyolysis: A case series
Authors: Borelli Cara M. , Kessler Newman , Suter Daniel , Levesque Annie 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesGamma‐hydroxybutyrate (GHB) use is clinically important in both the settings of overdose and withdrawal. GHB withdrawal varies in severity, and although mild cases can be managed outpatient, there are a range of presentations that include progression to severe withdrawal that require inpatient hospitalization.MethodsWe report a case series of two patients with severe GHB withdrawal who experienced complications of delirium, hemodynamic lability, and rhabdomyolysis and describe the treatment of these two cases of complex withdrawal.ResultsThe first patient was successfully treated with a combination of a benzodiazepine taper and symptom‐triggered benzodiazepines with baclofen as an adjunct. The second patient had more severe symptoms and required intubation with a midazolam infusion, dexmedetomidine infusion, phenobarbital, baclofen, and a combination of a benzodiazepine taper and symptom‐triggered benzodiazepines.Discussion and ConclusionsThis case series highlights the potential complications of GHB withdrawal including delirium, hemodynamic lability, and rhabdomyolysis. Although rare in the United States, those working in addiction should have familiarity with the clinical course and complications of severe GHB withdrawal.Scientific SignificanceAs one of the few detailed reports on severe GHB withdrawal and its potential complications, our findings extend the current body of literature by detailing the successful application of a multi‐modal treatment of severe GHB withdrawal.
Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Cancer Patients, a Lethal Yet Fully Preventable Disease: Insights From a Tertiary Cancer Center in East India
Authors: Chatterji S. , Franchi V. , Konnakottu A. J. , Das P. , Mukherjee S. , Bhattacharya S. , Chatterjee A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is an unrecognized infection in non‐HIV patients, particularly those with solid and hematologic malignancies. These patients experience higher mortality rates. This study aims to describe the incidence, initial characteristics, management, and outcomes of PCP at a tertiary cancer care center.MethodsThis retrospective observational study included all patients who underwent P. jirovecii PCR testing at our center from January 2019 to January 2022. PCP was diagnosed in PCR‐positive patients. Data on demographics, treatment, and outcomes were extracted from medical records. The primary outcomes were ICU admission and 21‐day mortality. Statistical analysis compared PCR‐positive and PCR‐negative patients, with a specific focus on lung cancer patients, and analyzed determinants of 21‐day mortality in PCP patients.ResultsOf the 345 patients suspected of PCP, 54 (15.7%) were diagnosed with PCP. PCP patients were generally older. None of the PCP patients were on prophylaxis, compared to 14.8% of PCR‐negative patients. In lung cancer patients, age and radiotherapy within the past year were significantly associated with a PCP diagnosis. The 21‐day mortality rate among PCP patients was 35.4%. Independent risk factors for mortality included age and hematologic malignancy, while recent chemotherapy and higher neutrophil counts were associated with lower mortality.ConclusionPCP is associated with the highest mortality in patients with hematologic malignancies and lung cancer. The findings underscore the importance and efficacy of prophylaxis in at‐risk groups and should raise awareness for the diagnosis of PCP in overlooked populations, such as older cancer patients and those undergoing radiotherapy.
Prevention of Post‐Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation in Skin of Colour: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mar Kristie , Maazi Mahan , Khalid Bushra , Ahmed Rayan , Wang Ou Jia (Emilie) , Khosravi‐Hafshejani Touraj 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground/ObjectivesPost‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) impacts all skin tones with a heightened predilection for Fitzpatrick skin types (FST) III‐VI. Preventative measures include pre‐ and post‐intervention approaches, such as sunscreen and corticosteroids. This systematic review aims to summarise the preventative measure outcomes for skin of colour individuals.MethodsA literature search was conducted using MEDLINE (from 1946) and Embase (from 1974) in adherence to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis guidelines.ResultsOf 14 studies, 369 cases were included. The mean age was 38 years (n = 293) and 72% were female (n = 265). All patients were of Asian ethnicity, and 42% were of FST III, 54% FST IV, and 4% FST V. Nearly all cases were precipitated by laser therapy (> 95%), and the face was the most reported location (85%). The most successful preventative measure was sunscreen alone or combined with other ingredients. Less successful outcomes were seen with topical corticosteroids and systemic tranexamic acid, while cooling air devices exacerbated the development of PIH.ConclusionOverall, only sunscreen consistently prevented the incidence of PIH; however, the severity of the ensuing PIH may be diminished with other measures. There is considerable room for improved preventative strategies for at‐risk populations.
A Guide to Screening for Autoimmune Diseases in Patients With Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus
Authors: Guttentag Annabel , Wijaya Marlene , Fischer Gayle O. , Lee Angela , Liu Ken , Saunderson Rebecca Bronwyn 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe aetiology of vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) remains unknown. However, there is evidence that in addition to a genetic predisposition, autoimmunity contributes to the pathogenesis.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of autoimmune disease and positive autoantibody serology in patients with VLS.MethodsA VLS database in Sydney, Australia, was retrospectively reviewed. A diagnosis of VLS was required for inclusion in the study. Data collected included demographics, comorbidities including any personal history of autoimmune disease, family history of autoimmune disease, and the results from autoantibody testing. A total of 2243 females with VLS were included in this study.ResultsAutoimmune disease was found in 24.5% and 34.6% of children and adults with VLS, respectively. The most prevalent autoimmune conditions were psoriasis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, lichen planus, and vitiligo. Antinuclear antibodies were common and found in 31.0% of patients. Thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin antibodies were present in 16.1% and 18.9% of cases, respectively. Thyroid function, determined by thyroid stimulating hormone, was abnormal in 8.2% of patients. 5.3% of patients had positive parietal cell antibodies, and 5.9% had low vitamin B12 levels.ConclusionsThis work provides support that VLS is of an autoimmune aetiology, and that there is an association between VLS and autoimmune diseases. The high proportion of patients with an abnormal thyroid test, positive thyroid antibodies, and intrinsic factor and gastric parietal cell antibodies with low vitamin B12 levels, warrants screening for thyroid disease and pernicious anaemia in patients with VLS. Initial autoimmune screening in VLS can be rationalised to TSH, vitamin B12 levels, intrinsic factor and parietal cell antibodies. Thyroid antibodiy testing shouls be performed in hypothyroid patients.
Incidence of postoperative retinal detachment and bacterial endophthalmitis in the Swedish national paediatric cataract register and associated risk factors
Authors: Karatepe Hashas Arzu Seyhan , Linnarsson Wiklund Anna , Gyllén Jenny , Haargaard Birgitte , Magnusson Gunilla , Nyström Alf , Tornqvist Kristina , Trocmé Eric , Kjellström Ulrika 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the incidence and risk factors of retinal detachment (RD) and bacterial endophthalmitis in a cohort of children who underwent cataract surgery before the age of eight.MethodsData was retrieved from the Swedish national paediatric cataract register. All eyes with congenital or infantile cataract that underwent surgery between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2023 with at least one follow‐up were included. Cases associated with trauma, uveitis or RD at surgery were excluded. Parameters that could be important for complications were analysed.ResultsRD was found in seven of 1073 eyes reflecting an incidence of 0.65%. There were no statistically significant differences in age at surgery, presences of intellectual disability or general disease, cataract type, surgical technique, axial length, corneal diameter, previous glaucoma surgery or occurrence of persistent fetal vasculature (PFV), although the frequency of glaucoma surgery and PFV was higher in RD cases; 42.9% versus 13.2% and 57.1% versus 26.0%. Aphakia was significantly more common in RD patients; 71.4% versus 19.3% (p = 0.042), as well secondary glaucoma; 57.1% versus 19.5% (p = 0.032). No cases of endophthalmitis were observed.ConclusionThe incidence of RD was low compared to previous studies and no endophthalmitis was found. This might be a result of centralized paediatric cataract care with few but experienced surgeons. Aphakia and secondary glaucoma were associated with higher RD risk and those cases should be followed carefully. PFV and glaucoma surgery were found at a higher frequency in RD cases prompting comprehensive postoperative care also for these children.
Evaluation of Measles Cases in a Province in South‐Eastern Turkey Receiving Migration From Syria
Authors: Orhan Özhan , Solmaz Murat , Talay Mehmet Nur 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimThe study aimed to compare the demographic, clinical and vaccination status of measles cases in 2023 in our region receiving migration from Syria and to evaluate the effect of migration on disease dynamics.MethodsThis retrospective study analysed the demographic profiles, clinical features and vaccination status of a total of 98 (67 children born and raised in Turkey [group 1] and 31 children of Syrian origin [group 2]) clinically compatible measles patients presenting to all healthcare institutions in Batman, Turkey, in 2023.ResultsSignificant differences were observed between groups in vaccination coverage (90.3% unvaccinated amongst Group 2 vs. 55.2% amongst Group 1, p < 0.001), IgM positivity (87.1% vs. 26.9%, p < 0.001) and hospitalisation rates (38.7% vs.16.4%, p = 0.015). Group 2 exhibited higher prevalence of fever (93.5% vs. 70.1%, p = 0.010) and cough (58.1% vs. 26.9%, p = 0.003) than Group 1.ConclusionThe study highlights the impact of migration and socio‐economic factors on measles dynamics. Lower vaccination rates amongst Syrian migrants contribute to increased measles incidence and severity. Strengthening vaccination programmes and public health initiatives are crucial for controlling measles outbreaks and improving health outcomes, particularly in vulnerable populations.
A Mutual Interaction Between GSTP1 and p53 Improves the Drug Resistance and Malignant Biology of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Wang Guosen , Cao Yi , Hu Tengcheng , Cai Zhengqing , Chen ChuanPing , Geng Qilong , Luo Xinyu , Liu Yang , Wang Weijie , Jin Jiabin , Sheng Weiwei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGlutathione S‐transferase P1 (GSTP1), a classic tumor biomarker, plays a controversial role in cancer progression. However, its specific role in pancreatic cancer (PC) has rarely been investigated. In the present study, we investigated the function and relationship between GSTP1 and mutant/wild‐type p53 (mtp53/wtp53) in PC in vitro and in vivo. Compared with paired adjacent normal pancreas tissue, GSTP1 was downregulated in PC tissue, which was closely correlated with lymph node metastasis, Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) stage, and a better outcome of PC patients, processes dependent on wtp53 rather than mtp53. Moreover, a mutual regulation between GSTP1 and p53 was found in wtp53 PC cells. GSTP1 overexpression inhibited cell proliferation and chemotherapy resistance in vitro via wtp53/p21 and Bax/Bcl2 signaling, which was significantly reversed by wtp53 silencing, and vice versa. Similarly, the coordination of GSTP1 and p53 regulated the invasion and migration of PC cells, which was accompanied by changes in epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling (E‐cad, ZO‐1 and MMP9). Moreover, GSTP1 overexpression inhibited tumor growth and liver metastasis in vivo, as did high wtp53 and low ki67 expression. Interestingly, GSTP1 did not coimmunoprecipitate with either mtp53 or wtp53 in vitro. However, the wtp53 protein, as a transcription factor, could bind to the GSTP1 DNA promoter to transactivate GSTP1 mRNA expression as demonstrated via a Chip assay. Additionally, GSTP1 promoted the translocation of wtp53 into the nucleus but not mtp53. These results suggest that the positive feedback regulation of GSTP1 and wtp53 plays a significant role in cell proliferation, drug resistance, cell invasion and metastasis in PC.
Accuracy of a Novel Robot‐Assisted System and Dynamic Navigation System for Dental Implant Placement: A Clinical Retrospective Study
Authors: Chen Jianping , Ding Yude , Cao Ruijue , Zheng Yuchen , Shen Liheng , Wang Linhong , Yang Fan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimThis clinical retrospective study aimed to compare the deviations in single‐tooth implant placement using novel semi‐autonomous robotic‐assisted surgery system (sa‐RASS) and dynamic navigation system (DNS) methods.Materials and MethodsA retrospective analysis of medical records from January to December 2023 was conducted to compare the implantation accuracy of the sa‐RASS and DNS in partially edentulous patients using cone‐beam computed tomography. Platform, apex, and angular deviations were measured and analyzed. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to check the data distribution, along with t‐tests or Mann–Whitney U‐tests, where appropriate.ResultsFifty‐seven patients (57 implants) were analyzed: 29 (29 implants) in the sa‐RASS group and 28 (28 implants) in the DNS group. The comparison of platform, apex, and angular deviation between the sa‐RASS group and DNS group were 0.91 ± 0.46 mm vs. 1.26 ± 0.51 mm (p < 0.001), 1.06 ± 0.60 mm vs. 1.51 ± 0.56 mm (p < 0.001), and 3.07° ± 1.66° vs. 3.71° ± 1.64° (p > 0.05), respectively. In addition, there was no significant difference in the accuracy of different implant regions (premolar, molar, maxilla, and mandible) or implant length (p > 0.05).ConclusionsIn the present study, sa‐RASS implant placement showed better positional accuracy than DNS implant placement in platform and apex deviation, although these improvements in accuracy may have limited clinical relevance, suggesting that the sa‐RASS might be advantageous in dental implant surgery.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: ChiCTR2400085089
Comparison of White Light With Narrow Band Imaging Using Flexible Laryngoscopy for the Detection of Local Recurrences After (Chemo)Radiation for Pharyngeal or Laryngeal Cancer: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Scholman Constanze , Westra Jeroen M. , Zwakenberg Manon A. , Wedman Jan , van der Vegt Bert , Steenbakkers Roel J. H. M. , Oosting Sjoukje F. , Halmos Gyorgy B. , van der Laan Bernard F. A. M. , Plaat Boudewijn E. C. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesEarly detection of local recurrences in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is crucial for long‐term survival. Aim of this study was to compare white light (WL) imaging with narrow band imaging (NBI) during flexible laryngoscopy for detection of local recurrences and evaluate the effects on clinical outcome in patients with HNSCC treated with radiotherapy ± chemotherapy ((C)RT).DesignProspective randomised controlled trial.SettingTertiary head and neck oncologic center.Participants257 patients without residual disease after (C)RT were randomised in a WL group (n = 120) or WL‐NBI group (n = 137) and followed for 24 months.Main Outcome MeasuresLocal recurrence rate and overall survival, disease‐specific survival, disease‐free survival and local recurrence‐free survival were compared between both groups.ResultsDetection rate of local recurrences was the same in both groups: 11.7% in WL‐NBI and 10.0% in WL (p > 0.05). Overall survival (WL: 88.3%, WL‐NBI: 87.6%), disease‐specific survival (WL: 86.7%, NBI: 83.9%), disease‐free survival (WL: 85.0%, WL‐NBI: 83.2%) and local recurrence‐free survival (WL: 90.0%, WL‐NBI: 89.1%) showed no superiority in the WL‐NBI group (p > 0.05).ConclusionsLocal recurrence rates are relatively low in the first 24 months after (C)RT for HNSCC. WL‐NBI did not improve the detection of local recurrences nor the survival compared to WL.Trial Registration: This randomised clinical trial was registered at the research register UMCG with the number 201500918
PD‐L1 Promotes Immunological Tolerance and Enhances Visual Protection of hESC‐RPE Grafts in Retinal Degeneration
Authors: Li Bowen , Zhang Xue , Fang Yajie , Chen Min , Li Qiyou , Zeng Yuxiao , Ren Chunge , Wang Chengang , Lv Yingxue , Lu Jia , Liu Hongling , Liu Yong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTImmune rejection is a major barrier to the successful human embryonic stem cell‐derived retinal pigment epithelial (hESC‐RPE) transplantation for age‐related macular degeneration (AMD). Traditional strategies to mitigate immune rejection involve ablating major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on hESC‐RPE. An alternative approach is immune checkpoint overexpression, avoiding natural killer (NK) cell‐mediated destruction due to MHC‐I deficiency. Our study highlights the benefits of PD‐L1 overexpression without requiring MHC gene deletion, which preserved the immunosuppressive functions of hESC‐RPE on NK cells. In Vivo experiments in retinal degeneration models showed that PD‐L1‐expressing hESC‐RPE grafts exhibited significantly higher survival, reduced apoptosis and enhanced visual protection. Single‐cell transcriptomics revealed reduced immune activation and oxidative stress in PD‐L1‐overexpressing grafts. PD‐L1's protective role was further evidenced by improved light transduction in host photoreceptors. These findings support PD‐L1 overexpression as a promising strategy to improve the efficiency of hESC‐RPE‐based therapy for AMD.
Risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in CYP2C19LoF genotype guided clopidogrel against alternative antiplatelets for CAD patients undergoing PCI: Meta‐analysis
Authors: Biswas Mohitosh , Murad Murshadul Alam , Ershadian Maliheh , Kali Most Sumaiya Khatun , Sukasem Chonlaphat 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSelection of rational antagonists of P2Y12 receptor for CAD patients who inherit CYP2C19 LoF alleles remains still conflicting. This study compared the clinical outcomes in CAD patients inheriting CYP2C19 LoF alleles undergoing PCI and treated with clopidogrel against alternative antagonists of P2Y12 receptor. A thorough literature search was performed across multiple scientific databases following the PRISMA guidelines and PICO model. Setting the statistical significance at p < 0.05 and RevMan software was used to calculate the risk ratios (RRs). Estimation of the pooled analysis revealed a significant 62% increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in CAD patients inheriting CYP2C19 LoF alleles and treated with clopidogrel against those treated with alternative P2Y12 receptor antagonists such as prasugrel or ticagrelor (RR 1.62; 95% CI 1.42–1.86; p < 0.00001). In addition, Asian CAD patients were found at a significantly higher risk of MACE (RR 1.93; 95% CI: 1.49–2.49; p < 0.00001) juxtaposed to CAD patients of other ethnicities (RR 1.51; 95% CI: 1.29–1.78; p < 0.00001). Conversely, between these two treatment groups, taking clopidogrel against prasugrel/ticagrelor, who possess CYP2C19 LoF alleles, no significant differences in bleeding events were observed (RR 0.94; 95% CI 0.79–1.11; p = 0.47). CAD patients undergoing PCI who inherited CYP2C19 LoF alleles and treated with clopidogrel were associated with significantly higher risk of MACE against those treated with alternative antagonists of P2Y12 receptor, that is, prasugrel or ticagrelor.