bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atypical presentation of Felty syndrome: Successful management with rituximab therapy—A case report and review of literature
Authors: Iqbal Rabia , Colon‐Ramos Ana , Hysenaj Zhenisa , Sinha Samridhi , Nabi Shahzaib , Marowa Sabrin 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageThe atypical presentation of Felty syndrome, even without arthritis symptoms, needs further evaluation. Timely diagnosis of neutropenia and splenomegaly in patients with rheumatoid arthritis without joint symptoms is crucial for a better prognosis. Despite the rarity of the condition, clinicians should have a high index of suspicion, and multidisciplinary collaboration between rheumatology, hematology, and other specialists is required for accurate diagnosis.
NMR Screen Reveals the Diverse Structural Landscape of a G‐Quadruplex Library
Authors: Sgallová Ráchel , Volek Martin , Kurfürst Jaroslav , Srb Pavel , Veverka Václav , Curtis Edward A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractG‐quadruplexes are noncanonical nucleic acid structures formed by stacked guanosine tetrads. Despite their functional and structural diversity, a single consensus model is typically used to describe sequences with the potential to form G‐quadruplex structures. We are interested in developing more specific sequence models for G‐quadruplexes. In previous work, we functionally characterized each sequence in a 496‐member library of variants of a monomeric reference G‐quadruplex for the ability to bind GTP, promote a model peroxidase reaction, generate intrinsic fluorescence, and to form multimers. Here we used NMR to obtain a broad overview of the structural features of this library. After determining the 1H NMR spectrum of each of these 496 sequences, spectra were sorted into multiple classes, most of which could be rationalized based on mutational patterns in the primary sequence. A more detailed screen using representative sequences provided additional information about spectral classes, and confirmed that the classes determined based on analysis of 1H NMR spectra are correlated with functional categories identified in previous studies. These results provide new insights into the surprising structural diversity of this library. They also show how NMR can be used to identify classes of sequences with distinct mutational signatures and functions.
A Computational Study of Reactions with Boric Acid Aimed to Promote the Utilization of Lignin
Authors: Wu Yu‐Chung , Yu Chin‐Hui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFor exploring the reaction between the hydroxyl groups of lignin and boric acid under the alkaline condition, we study three proposed mechanisms for the formation of the anionic borate diester (ABDE) using the salicyl alcohol anion as the model compound by the density functional theory. ABDE has high flame retardancy and is a potentially practical application of lignin. The catalysis of sodium cation is found to enhance the deprotonation of the water cluster. The deprotonated product, hydroxide anion, is essential to the critical step, which is the cleavage of B−O bonds of the boric acid molecule, in reaction mechanisms. The energy profiles of the mechanisms show that the reaction between lignin and boric acid may start from the hydroxymethyl moieties of lignin since it requires less energy for the aforementioned critical step than from the phenol moieties of lignin. Moreover, the hydroxide anions compete with the hydroxymethyl groups in lignin for the formation of B−O bonds by forming tetrahydroxyborate anion (TBA) which requires very high activation energies to further react to the desired product ABDE. The optimal condition is to enhance the catalytic effect of sodium cations and meanwhile to control the formation of TBA.
Constructing Cyclic Hydrogen Bonding to Suppress Side Reactions and Dendrite Formation on Zinc Anodes
Authors: Gong Zhiqing , Liu Zhaomeng , Gao Xuan‐Wen , Chen Nian , Song Yu , Wu Xianwen , Hu Anjun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe high electrochemical reactivity of H2O molecules and zinc metal results in severe side reactions and dendrite formation on zinc anodes. Here we demonstrate that these issues can be addressed by using N‐hydroxymethylacetamide (NHA) as additives in 2 M ZnSO4 electrolytes. The addition of NHA molecules, acting as both a hydrogen bond donor and acceptor, enables the formation of cyclic hydrogen bonding with H2O molecules. This interaction disrupts the existing hydrogen bonding networks between H2O molecules, hindering proton transport, and containing H2O molecules within the cyclic hydrogen bonding structure to prevent deprotonation. Additionally, NHA molecules show a preference for adsorption on the (101) crystal surface of zinc metal. This preferential adsorption reduces the surface energy of the (101) plane, facilitating the homogeneous Zn deposition along the (101) direction. Thus, the NHA enables Zn||Zn symmetric cell with a cycle lifespan of 1100 hours at 5 mA cm−2 and Zn||Cu asymmetric cell with a high Coulombic efficiency over 99.5 %. Moreover, the NHA‐modified Zn||AC zinc ion hybrid capacitor is capable of sustaining 15000 cycles at 2 A g−1. This electrolyte additive engineering presents a promising strategy to enhance the performance and broaden the application potential of zinc metal‐based energy storage devices.
Neutral Adducts of Molybdenum Hexafluoride: Structure and Bonding in MoF6(NC5H5) and MoF6(NC5H5)2
Authors: van Hoeve Miriam D. , Bell Rachael , O'Donnell Felix , Hazendonk Paul , Wetmore Stacey D. , Gerken Michael 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe first Lewis acid base adducts of MoF6 and an organic base have been synthesized, i. e., MoF6(NC5H5) and MoF6(NC5H5)2. These adducts are structurally characterized with X‐ray crystallography, showing that both adducts adopt capped trigonal prismatic structures. The MoF6(NC5H5) and MoF6(NC5H5)2 adducts are fluxional on the NMR time scale at room temperature. Two different fluorine environments could be resolved by 19F NMR spectroscopy at −80 °C for the 1 : 2 adduct, MoF6(NC5H5)2, whereas MoF6(NC5H5) remains fluxional at that temperature. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations aide the assignment of the infrared and Raman spectra. Natural Bond Order and Molecular Electrostatic Potential analyses elucidate the structures and properties of the MoF6 pyridine adducts. Regions of significantly higher molecular electrostatic potential, i. e., σ‐holes, in trigonal prismatic compared to octahedral MoF6 rationalize the capped trigonal prismatic geometry of the adducts. Whereas MoF6(NC5H5) is stable at room temperature under exclusion of moisture, MoF6(NC5H5)2 decomposes at 60 °C in pyridine solvent, and the solid slowly decomposes at room temperature after 24 h.
Clinical Manifestation and Multidisciplinary Treatment Approaches for Primary Tracheal Carcinoma in Bangladesh: A Clinical and Therapeutic Review of 13 Patients
Authors: Chowdhury Qamruzzaman , Rahman Md. Arifur , Begum Ferdous Ara , Islam Md. Shariful , Khair Murtaza , Sarker Zakir Hossain , Parvez Mashud , Haque A. K. M. Akramul , Hossain Ali 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPrimary tracheal carcinoma is an exceptionally rare and life‐threatening disease that presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Delayed diagnosis due to misinterpretation of airway obstruction symptoms often leads to poorer prognoses for patients. This study aimed to explore the clinical manifestations and multidisciplinary treatment approaches for primary tracheal carcinoma in Bangladesh, with a focus on recent advancements in diagnosis and treatment.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted at Bangladesh Specialized Hospital Limited, involving patients aged over 30 who were diagnosed with tracheal carcinoma and underwent multidisiplinary treatment from July 2018 to June 2019. Data were collected through patient interviews and medical record reviews. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed to examine demographic characteristics, histological variations, tumor locations, clinical signs and symptoms, treatment approaches, and outcomes.ResultsThe study illuminated varied clinical presentations and the successful application of multidisciplinary approaches among the 13 patients. Invasive squamous cell carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma were the predominant histological subtypes. Symptomatology, including dyspnea, cough, and hemoptysis, highlighted the challenge of early detection. Despite the rarity and intricacies associated with primary tracheal carcinoma, the multidisciplinary strategy yielded generally positive outcomes, as evidenced by a 1‐year survival rate of 92.31% and a 5‐year survival rate of 76.92%. Kaplan–Meier survival curves underscored the superior efficacy of surgical interventions over non‐surgical approaches.ConclusionDespite some limitations, this study contributes crucial insights into the nuanced management of primary tracheal carcinoma in the Bangladeshi context. The demonstrated success of the multidisciplinary strategy, especially surgical interventions, accentuates the importance of definitive resection. The lone case of local recurrence emphasizes the necessity for vigilant follow‐up.
Asymmetric Charge Distribution in One‐Dimensional Metal‐Organic Assemblies to Promote Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Liu Ning , Jiang Jialong , Xu Mingming , Zhang Shiqi , Zhang Runhao , Chen Zhonghang , Mao Yue , Cheng Peng , Shi Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe local charge distribution of photocatalyst is crucial to the catalytic activity due to its influence on the charge separation process. Herein, we report two one‐dimensional Ni‐based metal‐organic assemblies for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution without using noble‐metal cocatalysts. By adjusting the aromatic ring in the center of the tricarboxylic ligand, the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity was increased from 1715 to 2652 μmol h−1 g−1. The detailed mechanism study shows that the introduced nitrogen atoms in the ligands of the metal‐organic coordination assembly could modulate the local charge distribution, and yielding a significant enhancement of the molecular dipole moment which engenders a propulsive force for the effective separation and transport of photoinduced charge carriers. This work provides insights into the local charge distribution via ligand modulation for enhancing the activity of photocatalysts.
Response of stream habitat and microbiomes to spruce budworm defoliation: New considerations for outbreak management
Authors: McCaig Madison L. , Kidd Karen A. , Smenderovac Emily E. , Perrotta Brittany G. , Emilson Caroline E. , Stastny Michael , Venier Lisa , Emilson Erik J. S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDefoliation by eastern spruce budworm is one of the most important natural disturbances in Canadian boreal and hemi‐boreal forests with annual area affected surpassing that of fire and harvest combined, and its impacts are projected to increase in frequency, severity, and range under future climate scenarios. Deciding on an active management strategy to control outbreaks and minimize broader economic, ecological, and social impacts is becoming increasingly important. These strategies differ in the degree to which defoliation is suppressed, but little is known about the downstream consequences of defoliation and, thus, the implications of management. Given the disproportionate role of headwater streams and their microbiomes on net riverine productivity across forested landscapes, we investigated the effects of defoliation by spruce budworm on headwater stream habitat and microbiome structure and function to inform management decisions. We experimentally manipulated a gradient of defoliation among 12 watersheds during a spruce budworm outbreak in the Gaspésie Peninsula, Québec, Canada. From May through October of 2019–2021, stream habitat (flow rates, dissolved organic matter [DOM], water chemistry, and nutrients), algal biomass, and water temperatures were assessed. Bacterial and fungal biofilm communities were examined by incubating six leaf packs for five weeks (mid‐August to late September) in one stream reach per watershed. Microbiome community structure was determined using metabarcoding of 16S and ITS rRNA genes, and community functions were examined using extracellular enzyme assays, leaf litter decomposition rates, and taxonomic functional assignments. We found that cumulative defoliation was correlated with increased streamflow rates and temperatures, and more aromatic DOM (measured as specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm), but was not correlated to nutrient concentrations. Cumulative defoliation was also associated with altered microbial community composition, an increase in carbohydrate biosynthesis, and a reduction in aromatic compound degradation, suggesting that microbes are shifting to the preferential use of simple carbohydrates rather than more complex aromatic compounds. These results demonstrate that high levels of defoliation can affect headwater stream microbiomes to the point of altering stream ecosystem productivity and carbon cycling potential, highlighting the importance of incorporating broader ecological processes into spruce budworm management decisions.
Structure‐Based Design and in‐Flow Synthesis of Aromatic Endoperoxides Acting as Oxygen Releasing Agents
Authors: Agnes Marco , Santagata Adelaide , Veclani Daniele , Venturini Alessandro , Monari Magda , Dambruoso Paolo , Manet Ilse 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHypoxia occurs in different pathological settings as a consequence of poor vascularization, and it results in reduced efficacy of some current nosocomial treatments i. e. chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy. In order to overcome these boundaries, aromatic endoperoxides (EPOs) have been studied and proposed as oxygen‐releasing agents (ORAs) due to their ability to reversibly bind molecular oxygen (O2), liberating it upon suitable triggering. DFT calculation of the dissociation energy (Ediss) of the intramolecular O−O bridge and structural crystallographic data of synthesized and studied EPOs drove the design of an array of 9,10‐disubstituted anthracenes among which three candidates were carefully selected. Once optimized the synthesis of the aromatic substrates, for the first time the corresponding EPOs have been produced under continuous flow irradiation in the presence of a sub‐stoichiometric amount of a photosensitizer in organic solvents. The release of O2could be obtained straightforwardly at 37.5 °C by thermolysis. In accordance with the calculated Ediss=3.2 kcal mol−1and an experimental t1/2=40 minutes, 3,3′‐(anthracene‐9,10‐diyl)bis(prop‐2‐yn‐1‐ol) resulted as the best candidate for the sustained release of O2under physiologically relevant conditions. Its exploitation as ORA to relieve hypoxia will be evaluated and described in due course.
Anthraquinone/Activated Carbon Electrochemical Sensor and its Application in Ofloxacin Analysis
Authors: Zhong Cailing , Chen Yuwen , Zheng Yixuan , Tian Qifeng , Chen Yichang , Xie Mingjiang , Tian Zhengfang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOfloxacin (OFL) has antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory effects on respiratory tract infection, skin soft tissue infection and urogenital tract infection caused by sensitive bacteria. In this study, an electrochemical sensor on account of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and anthraquinone (AQ)/Vulcan XC‐72 (C) composite was prosperity prepared for the determination of ofloxacin (OFL) drug. The morphology and structure of C/20%AQ composites were characterized by SEM. The electrochemical behavior of OFL on the C/20%AQ/GCE sensor was tested using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The consequences indicate that the linear response of the sensor to OFL at pH 6.5 in 0.2 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) was in the scope of 0.1–550.0 μM (R2=0.998) with the limit of detection of 0.01 μM. The prepared C/20%AQ/GCE sensor exhibited good anti‐interference ability and repeatability against OFL. The sensor presents a sensitive, simple and low cost OFL detection method, and has been successfully applied to real samples.
Biogenic zinc oxide nanoregulator determines the quantitative analysis of morpho‐anatomical and antioxidant capacity in Lactuca sativa L.
Authors: Hasan Murtaza , Tariq Tuba , Mustafa Ghazala , Ismail Emad A. A. , Awwad Fuad A. , Hatami Mehrnaz 
Published: August 2024

AbstractZinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) can possibly serve as a pervasive source of essential nutrient zinc in agricultural crops in the future. The major environmental concerns with ZnO NPs might be their toxicity and incorrect dosage, which might lead to crop damage and environmental pollution. Interplay between ZnO NPs and Lactuca sativa (L. sativa) will be of interest, yet little is known about apropos interaction of these two, which will assist in optimizing the dose of ZnO NPs for their commercial use in agriculture. The current study aimed to investigate the growth, anatomical, and antioxidative responses of L. sativa against ZnO NPs and zinc acetate. ZnO NPs were foliar sprayed with concentrations of 0, 25, 50, and 100 ppm. ZnO NPs remarkably promoted L. sativa growth, leaf water content, and biomass accumulation; however, they declined root growth. The foliar spray of ZnO NPs improved the thickness of the stem hypodermis, cortex, pericycle, and phloem, while decreasing the stem diameter, thickness of the epidermis, and number of vascular bundles. ZnO NPs rigorously declined the cell area of xylem but slightly improved it in phloem. Unlike stem cells’ anatomical responses to ZnO NPs, the root cells behaved otherwise. Overall, the antioxidative activity of L. sativa considerably improved at 25 ppm concentration and decreased at 100 ppm. Generally, low and medium concentrations of ZnO NPs promoted plant morphological, anatomical, and antioxidant traits, while higher doses inhibited the same traits. Contrary to this, Zn acetate displayed severe toxic effects on almost all studied anatomical traits.
Neuroprotective effects of resveratrol through modulation of PI3K/Akt/GSK‐3β pathway and metalloproteases
Authors: Ozpak Lütfiye , Bağca Bakiye Göker 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo analyze the expressional changes in the PI3K/Akt/GSK‐3β pathway and metalloprotease in the cellular Alzheimer's Disease (AD) model with the effect of antioxidant resveratrol. Neuron‐like cells were obtained by a two‐step method of neuronal differentiation by using a combination of retinoic acid (RA) and brain‐derived factor (BDNF) exposure. Then, the application of the amyloid beta peptide 25–35 (Aβ25‐35) to the cell culture mimicked the environmental toxicity observed in AD. Afterward, cell viability and apoptosis assays were performed to determine whether the resveratrol exerts a cytotoxic and apoptotic effect. Finally, the expressional changes in genes in the cellular AD model with the effect of resveratrol were analyzed by Real‐Time PCR. The analysis in silico was assessed using the STRING V12.0 database in each group. Apoptosis data findings were decreased by 1.5‐fold and 2.5‐fold respectively by Differentiated+Resveratrol (RES) and RES when compared to control but no significant difference was observed between RES and AD model groups. Real‐time PCR analysis results revealed PI3K (3.38‐fold), AKT (3.95‐fold), and RELN (1.99‐fold) expressions were significantly higher (p < .001), and also GSK‐3β, TAU, ADAMTS‐4, ADAMTS‐5, and TIMP‐3 gene expression levels were significantly downregulated (2.53‐, 1.79‐, 2.85‐, 4.09‐, and 6.62‐fold, respectively) in the Differentiated+Aβ + RES groups compared to the Differentiated+Aβ group (p < .001). Network analysis shows the functional enrichment of 23 Alzheimer‐related GO terms in the Wnt signaling, proteolysis, and extracellular matrix organization pathways. Resveratrol has inhibited GSK‐3β by activating the PI3K/Akt insulin pathway in a neurotoxic environment. In addition, TAU, RELN, metalloproteases, and their inhibitors associated with Alzheimer's pathology have been regulated supporting the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol.
The C‐terminal self‐binding helical peptide of human estrogen‐related receptor γ can be druggably targeted by a novel class of rationally designed peptidic antagonists
Authors: Li Zilong , Peng Yue , Ye Haiyang , Zhang Yunyi , Zhou Peng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOrphan nuclear estrogen‐related receptor γ (ERRγ) has been recognized as a potential therapeutic target for cancer, inflammation and metabolic disorder. The ERRγ contains a regulatory AF2 helical tail linked C‐terminally to its ligand‐binding domain (LBD), which is a self‐binding peptide (SBP) and serves as molecular switch to dynamically regulate the receptor alternation between active and inactive states by binding to and unbinding from the AF2‐binding site on ERRγ LBD surface, respectively. Traditional ERRγ modulators are all small‐molecule chemical ligands that can be classified into agonists and inverse agonists in terms of their action mechanism; the agonists stabilize the AF2 in ABS site with an agonist conformation, while the inverse agonists lock the AF2 out of the site to largely abolish ERRγ transcriptional activity. Here, a class of ERRγ peptidic antagonists was described to compete with native AF2 for the ABS site, thus blocking the active state of AF2 binding to ERRγ LBD domain. Self‐inhibitory peptide was derived from the SBP‐covering AF2 region and we expected it can rebind potently to the ABS site by reducing its intrinsic disorder and entropy cost upon the rebinding. Hydrocarbon stapling was employed to do so, which employed an all‐hydrocarbon bridge across the [i, i + 4]‐anchor residue pair in the N‐terminal, middle or C‐terminal region of the self‐inhibitory peptide. As might be expected, it is revealed that the stapled peptides are good binders of ERRγ LBD domain and can effectively compete with the native AF2 helical tail for ERRγ ABS site, which exhibit a basically similar binding mode with AF2 to the site and form diverse noncovalent interactions with the site, thus conferring stability and specificity to the domain–peptide complexes.
Application of Second‐Generation Sequencing Technology in Lower Respiratory Tract Infection
Authors: Wang Chong , Yang Shuo , Liu Qi , Liu Hongchao , Jin Shangjia , Zheng Jiajia , Xiao Xiumei , Hou Xin , Li Jing , Ma Sisi , Cui Liyan 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundLower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) has long been an important threat to people's life and health, so the rapid diagnosis of LRTI is of great significance in clinical treatment. In recent years, the development of the sequencing technology provides a new direction for the rapid diagnosis of LRTI. In this review, the advantages and disadvantages of second‐generation sequencing techniques represented by metagenomics next‐generation sequencing (mNGS) and droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) in LRTI were reviewed. Furthermore, it offers insights into the future trajectory of this technology, highlighting its potential to revolutionise the field of respiratory infection diagnostics.ObjectiveThis review summarises developments in mechanistic research of second‐generation sequencing technology their relationship with clinical practice, providing insights for future research.MethodsAuthors conducted a search on PubMed and Web of Science using the professional terms ‘Lower respiratory tract infection’ and ‘droplet digital polymerase chain reaction’ and ‘metagenomics next generation sequencing’. The obtained literature was then roughly categorised based on their research content. Similar studies were grouped into the same sections, and further searches were conducted based on the keywords of each section.ResultsDifferent studies discussed the application of second‐generation sequencing technology in LRTI from different angles, including the detection of pathogens of LRTI by mNGS and ddPCR, the prediction ability of drug‐resistant bacteria, and comparison with traditional methods. We try to analyse the advantages and disadvantages of the second‐generation sequencing technology by combing the research results of mNGS and ddPCR. In addition, the development direction of the second‐generation sequencing technology is prospected.