bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D/vitamin D receptor protects intestinal barrier against colitis by positively regulating Notch pathway
Authors: Li Yanni , Guo Yaoyu , Geng Chong , Song Shuailing , Yang Wenjuan , Li Xiao , Wang Chunhui 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveVitamin D/Vitamin D receptor (VD/VDR) signaling and the Notch pathway are involved in intestinal barrier restoration in colitis; however, their relationship and underlying mechanism are largely unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of VD/VDR and the Notch pathways in intestinal barrier protection.MethodsGenetic Vdr knockout (VDR KO) and VD deficient (VDd) mice were established, and colitis was induced by feeding 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) water. Mechanistic studies, including real-time PCR, immunofluorescence, Western blotting and dual-luciferase reporter assays, were performed on cultured Caco-2 cells and intestinal organoids.ResultsVD deficiency and VDR genetical KO increased the severity of DSS-induced colitis in mice, which presented a higher disease activity index score, increased intestinal permeability, and more severe intestinal histological damage than controls, accompanied by decreased and disrupted claudin-1 and claudin-3. Moreover, inhibition of Notch pathway by LY411,575 aggravated the severity of DSS-induced colitis and intestinal injury. In Caco-2 cells and intestinal organoids, the expression of Notch-1, N1ICD and Hes1 decreased upon downregulation or KO of VDR but increased upon paricalcitol (PAR, a VDR agonist) treatment. Meanwhile, PAR rescued claudin-1 and claudin-3 impairments that resulted from TNF-α exposure but failed to restore claudin-3 upon Notch inhibition. The dual-luciferase reporter assay further suggested that VD/VDR positively regulated the Notch signaling pathway by modulating Notch-1 transcription.ConclusionVD/VDR positively modulates Notch activation by promoting Notch-1 transcription to maintain intestinal tight junction integrity and barrier function. This highlights the VD/VDR-Notch pathway as a potential new therapeutic target for protecting the intestinal barrier against ulcerative colitis.
Typical everyday movements cause specific patterns in heart rate
Authors: Heidelbach Max J. , Cysarz Dirk , Edelhäuser Friedrich 
Published: July 2024

Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour are important risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Knowledge about the impact of everyday movements on cardiac autonomic regulation is sparse. This study aims to provide evidence that typical everyday movements show a clear impact on heart rate regulation. 40 healthy participants performed two everyday movements: (1) calmly kneeling down (“tie one’s shoes”) and standing up again and (2) raising the arms to the horizontal (“expressive yawning”). Both movements elicited reproducible pattern in the sequence of heart periods. Local minima and local maxima appeared in the transient period of approx. 30 s. The regulatory response for ergometer cycling, which was used as control, did not show a pattern formation. Calmly performed everyday movements are able to elicit rich cardiac regulatory responses including specific patterns in heart rate. These newly described patterns have multiple implications for clinical and rehabilitative medicine, basic research, digital health data processing, and public health. If carried out regularly these regulatory responses may help to mitigate the burden of physical inactivity and enrich cardiovascular regulation.
Effects of weightlessness on the cardiovascular system: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mendes Zambetta Rafaella , Signini Étore De Favari , Ocamoto Gabriela Nagai , Catai Aparecida Maria , Uliam Nicoly Ribeiro , Santarnecchi Emiliano , Russo Thiago Luiz 
Published: July 2024

Background: The microgravity environment has a direct impact on the cardiovascular system due to the fluid shift and weightlessness that results in cardiac dysfunction, vascular remodeling, and altered Cardiovascular autonomic modulation (CAM), deconditioning and poor performance on space activities, ultimately endangering the health of astronauts.Objective: This study aimed to identify the acute and chronic effects of microgravity and Earth analogues on cardiovascular anatomy and function and CAM.Methods: CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched. Outcomes were grouped into cardiovascular anatomic, functional, and autonomic alterations, and vascular remodeling. Studies were categorized as Spaceflight (SF), Chronic Simulation (CS), or Acute Simulation (AS) based on the weightlessness conditions. Meta-analysis was performed for the most frequent outcomes. Weightlessness and control groups were compared.Results: 62 articles were included with a total of 963 participants involved. The meta-analysis showed that heart rate increased in SF [Mean difference (MD) = 3.44; p = 0.01] and in CS (MD = 4.98; p &lt; 0.0001), whereas cardiac output and stroke volume decreased in CS (MD = −0.49; p = 0.03; and MD = −12.95; p &lt; 0.0001, respectively), and systolic arterial pressure decreased in AS (MD = -5.20; p = 0.03). According to the qualitative synthesis, jugular vein cross-sectional area (CSA) and volume were greater in all conditions, and SF had increased carotid artery CSA. Heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity, in general, decreased in SF and CS, whereas both increased in AS.Conclusion: This review indicates that weightlessness impairs the health of astronauts during and after spaceflight, similarly to the effects of aging and immobility, potentially increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42020215515.
Factors influencing the generation of teachers’ emotions
Authors: Lai Lihua , Shi Wenjiang , Xie Yi , Zhao Jin 
Published: July 2024

Background and aimThe teaching profession plays an important role in shaping individuals’ lives, with teachers performing complex emotional labour. The management of emotions is an integral part of teachers’ professional work, and it is essential to clarify their emotional experiences and the generating of their emotions within a specific cultural context.MethodsBased on a phenomenological approach and the use of anecdotal texts, this study examined six common emotional states among teachers, including happiness, guilt, worry, fear, annoyance, and anger, along with the emotional experiences of two specialised categories of teachers, class supervisors, and pre-service teachers. The factors influencing teachers’ emotions and their generative mechanisms were analysed.Results and discussionThis investigation found that key influences on teachers’ emotions stem from factors within the teachers’ themselves, the contextual nature of their work, and sociocultural dynamics. Drawing on the analytical frameworks of emotional geography theory, ecological theory of human development, and the ecosystem model of teachers’ emotional interactions, the study constructs a model highlighting the generative mechanisms of teachers’ emotions, and in which three systems are reflected.ConclusionTeachers’ personal attributes are in the direct area of the model and directly govern the formation of their emotions, while their work context consists of a transitional area in emotion formation and the sociocultural system acts as the latent band influencing emotion development. The mechanism model helps us to understand and recognise teachers’ emotions and to explore their pedagogical implications.
How do students of different self-efficacy regulate learning in collaborative design activities? An epistemic network analysis approach
Authors: Chen Peng , Yang Dong , Lavonen Jari , Metwally Ahmed Hosny Saleh , Tang Xin 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionStudents' self-regulation skills and self-efficacy are linked to performance and are considered essential for lifelong learning. Understanding these skills and their development is crucial for educational success and long-term personal growth.MethodsIn this study, 60 students attending a university-level collaborative design course were recruited as participants. They were initially classified into three groups [high, mixed, and low self-efficacy (SE)] based on the initial test results. Students' written reflections were then analyzed using epistemic network analysis (ENA), aiming to explore the characteristics and developmental trajectories of self-regulated learning (SRL).ResultsComparing with the other two groups, the high self-efficacy (HSE) group demonstrated: (1) more behavioral characteristics of SRL in the performance and self-reflection stages, (2) an earlier development of interest 91 in the task and recognition of its value during collaborative design activities, 92 followed by the utilization of more cognitive and metacognitive strategies; and (3) an “anticipation-behavior-reflection” loop in the self-regulation process.DiscussionThese findings highlight the importance of fostering high self-efficacy among students to enhance their self-regulated learning capabilities and overall academic performance. Strategies for improving learners' SRL and future research directions were provided accordingly.
Dreaming of being chased reflects waking-life experiences related to negative relationships with others metaphorically
Authors: Wang Jiaxi , Feng Xiaoling 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionIt has long been argued that there are dream metaphors which express waking-life experiences indirectly. Most of empirical evidence concerning this topic was in a qualitative way, while few studies explored the topic in a quantitative way. Under this background, we investigated whether dreaming of the typical theme ‘being chased or pursued’ was a metaphorical expression for waking-life experiences related to ‘negative relationships with others’.MethodsOne hundred and sixty participants reported their waking-life experiences and dreams for a single day. Following this, two external judges rated whether there were any elements related to ‘negative relationships with others’ in both waking-life experiences and dreams. In addition, the judges assessed if there was any content related to ‘being chased or pursued’ in both waking-life experiences and dreams.ResultsThe frequency of dreaming of ‘negative relationships with others’ was higher than the frequency of the same topic in waking-life experiences, which in turn was higher than the frequency of typical theme dreaming of ‘being chased or pursued’. In addition, ‘negative relationships with others’ in waking-life experiences were correlated with both dreaming of ‘being chased or pursued’, and ‘negative relationships with others’ in dreams.ConclusionThese results suggested that the typical theme ‘being chased or pursued’ in dreams may represent some waking-life experiences metaphorically. In addition, the results support the threat simulation theory of dreaming, which suggests that threatening events in waking life increase the possibility of threatening events in dreams.
Influence of coping with stressful situations on changes in aerobic capacity and post-workout restitution coefficient in the period of immediate preparation for the European men’s cadet wrestling championship
Authors: Jalowska Pola , Sokołowski Marek , Prokopczyk Adam 
Published: July 2024

Aim of the studyThe research goal of the study was to determine the relationship between coping with stressful situations and the level of aerobic capacity and post-workout restitution, as well as the changes that occur between these variables through the period of training camp preceding international men’s championship competitions in age cadet. Two research hypotheses were verified. The athletes will maintain or improve the results obtained in the performance test and the post-workout restitution coefficient during the immediate preparation period for the European Championships (H1), and the style of coping with stressful situations significantly affects changes in aerobic capacity and the post-workout restitution coefficient during the immediate preparation period for the European Championships (H2).Materials and methodsThe athletes of the National Men’s Team of Poland in classical style wrestling (n = 16). Coping with stressful situations was examined using the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS). Aerobic capacity was analyzed using the Maximal Multistage 20-m Shuttle Run Test. The level of post-exercise restitution was calculated using the Klonowicz coefficient of restitution.ResultsThere was a significant increase in aerobic capacity levels (p &lt; 0.001), a decrease in resting HR (p &lt; 0.002), HR 1′ after the test (p &lt; 0.0031), and HR 5′ after the test (p &lt; 0.007). There was a significant correlation between emotional coping style and avoidant style focused on looking for social contacts vs. HR 3′ after the test and (r = 0.60; p &lt; 0.015) and HR 5′ after the test (r = 0.57; p &lt; 0.020). In addition, a correlation was noted between avoidant style and maximum aerobic speed (r = −0.64; p &lt; 0.008), and avoidant style focused on substitute activities vs. distance and maximum aerobic speed (r = −0.72; p &lt; 0.002).ConclusionIt is reasonable to implement psychological training and regular monitoring of mental preparation in the national men’s team training program for athletes competing in wrestling.
Psychometric properties of the Persian short form of the Stigma of Suicide Scale
Authors: Jafari Alireza , Mokhtari Ali Mohammad , Moshki Mahdi , Rahmani Fatemeh , Naddafi Fatemehzahra , Nejatian Mahbobeh 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveSuicide stigma is a major obstacle to suicide prevention, resulting in a decrease in mental help seeking. This study aimed to survey the psychometric characteristics of the Persian short form of the Stigma of Suicide Scale (SOSS).MethodsThis psychometric study was conducted on 956 people (EFA = 399 samples, CFA = 557) in 2022 to evaluate the validity (face, content, and structure validity) and reliability (Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, McDonald Omega coefficient, and intraclass correlation coefficient) of the SOSS. The structural validity of the scale was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA).ResultsThe scores of S-CVI/Ave and CVR for SOSS were 0.982 and 0.921, respectively. In the EFA section, three factors with eigenvalues above one were shown, and 60.60% variance of the scale was explained by these factors, and one question was eliminated due the factor loading less than 0.4 and also moving to an irrelevant factor. Finally, based on the goodness-of-fit indices (such as RMSEA = .077, CFI= .902, IFI= .903, GFI= .915), the Persian short form of SOSS was approved with 15 items and three factors of Glorification/Normalization (4 items), Stigma (7 items), Isolation/Depression (4 items). The McDonald Omega coefficient, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, and ICC for SOSS were 0.841, 0.834, and 0.881, respectively.ConclusionIn this study, the Persian short form of the SOSS was approved with 15 items and 3 factors, and this scale is an appropriate instrument for determining the status of suicide stigma among general population.
Association of perceived neighborhood air quality problems with attempt to quit cigarette smoking: a cross-sectional study in Texas
Authors: Chandra Monalisa , Fokom Domgue Joel , Yu Robert , Shete Sanjay 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundCigarette smoking is the major preventable cause of premature deaths in the United States. Attempting to quit smoking is an important step toward smoking cessation. Although it has been studied extensively, limited information on the association between attempts to quit smoking and neighborhood air quality problems is available. Therefore, we examined the association between attempts to quit smoking in the past year and perceived neighborhood air quality problems among adult Texans who smoke.MethodsIn 2018, a cross-sectional multistage area probability design-based survey was administered to collect sociodemographic, behavioral, and health-related information from a representative sample of 2050 Texas residents. The current study included 486 adult respondents who reported smoking within the past 12 months. The association between attempts to quit smoking and perceived neighborhood air quality (measured by self-reported problems with neighborhood air quality) was examined using a population-weighted multivariable logistic regression analysis.ResultsOverall, 60.7% of the 486 respondents attempted to quit cigarette smoking. The prevalence of attempting to quit was 74.6% for those reporting perceived neighborhood air quality problems. In the multivariable analysis, a higher likelihood of attempting to quit smoking was found among individuals with perceived neighborhood air quality problems (AOR: 1.906 [1.104–3.289]) and those who were married or living as married (AOR: 1.876 [1.161–3.033]). The likelihood of attempts to quit smoking was lower among males (AOR: 0.629 [0.397–0.995]) and decreased with age (AOR: 0.968 [0.951–0.984]).DiscussionThe perceived neighborhood air quality problems were found to independently predict attempts to quit cigarette smoking in Texas. To encourage quitting smoking among individuals living in neighborhoods with poor air quality, such neighborhoods should receive tailored and evidence-based interventions to improve community education, social support, and healthcare professionals’ assistance to quit smoking.
Evaluating enrollment and representation in COVID-19 and HIV vaccine clinical trials
Authors: Lezo Ramirez Daisy , Koleske Emily , Ometoruwa Omolola , Park Chang Jun Bai , Kanwal Urwah , Morreale Nicholas , Avila Paz Andres Alberto , Tong Alexandra , Baden Lindsey R. , Sherman Amy C. , Walsh Stephen R. 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundVaccine clinical trials should strive to recruit a racially, socioeconomically, and ethnically diverse range of participants to ensure appropriate representation that matches population characteristics. Yet, full inclusion in research is often limited.MethodsA single-center retrospective study was conducted of adults enrolled at Brigham and Women’s Hospital (Boston, MA) between July 2020 and December 2021. Demographic characteristics, including age, race, ethnicity, ZIP code, and sex assigned at birth, were analyzed from both HIV and COVID-19 vaccine trials during the study period, acknowledging the limitations to representation under these parameters. We compared the educational attainment of vaccine trial participants to residents of the Massachusetts metropolitan area, geocoded participants’ addresses to their census block group, and linked them to reported median household income levels from publicly available data for 2020. Frequency and quartile analyses were carried out, and spatial analyses were performed using ArcGIS Online web-based mapping software (Esri).ResultsA total of 1030 participants from four COVID-19 vaccine trials (n = 916 participants) and six HIV vaccine trials (n = 114 participants) were included in the analysis. The median age was 49 years (IQR 33–63) and 28 years (IQR 24–34) for the COVID-19 and HIV vaccine trials, respectively. Participants identifying as White were the majority group represented for both the COVID-19 (n = 598, 65.3%) and HIV vaccine trials (n = 83, 72.8%). Fewer than 25% of participants identified as Hispanic or Latin. Based on ZIP code of residence, the median household income for COVID-19 vaccine clinical trial participants (n = 846) was 102,088 USD (IQR = 81,442–126,094). For HIV vaccine clinical trial participants (n = 109), the median household income was 101,266 USD (IQR 75,052–108,832).ConclusionWe described the characteristics of participants enrolled for HIV and COVID-19 vaccine trials at a single center and found similitude in geographical distribution, median incomes, and proportion of underrepresented individuals between the two types of vaccine candidate trials. Further outreach efforts are needed to ensure the inclusion of individuals from lower educational and socioeconomic brackets. In addition, continued and sustained efforts are necessary to ensure inclusion of individuals from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds.
COVID-19 prevention and control effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions—fuzzy-sets qualitative comparative analysis based on 69 countries in the world
Authors: Yang Chunxiao , Li Qiusha , Zhao Zixuan , Chen Zhongming , Guo Hongwei , Huang Dongmei , Yin Wenqiang 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionCoronavirus disease 2019 occurred unexpectedly in late December 2019, it was difficult to immediately develop an effective vaccine or propose targeted medical interventions in the early stages of the outbreak. At this point, non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) are essential components of the public health response to COVID-19. How to combine different NPIs in the early stages of an outbreak to control the spread of epidemics and ensure that the policy combination does not incur high socio-economic costs became the focus of this study.MethodsWe mainly used the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis to assess the impact of different combinations of NPIs on the effectiveness of control in the COVID-19 pandemic early stage, using open datasets containing case numbers, country populations and policy responses.ResultsWe showed that the configuration of high morbidity results includes one, which is the combination of non-strict face covering, social isolation and travel restrictions. The configuration of non-high morbidity results includes three, one is strict mask wearing measures, which alone constitute sufficient conditions for interpreting the results; the second is strict testing and contact tracing, social isolation; the third is strict testing and contact tracing, travel restriction. The results of the robustness test showed that the number, components and consistency of the configurations have not changed after changing the minimum case frequency, which proved that the analysis results are reliable.ConclusionIn the early stages of the epidemic, the causes of high morbidity are not symmetrical with the causes of non-high morbidity. Strict face covering is the most basic measure required to prevent and control epidemics, and the combination of non-strict face covering and containment is the most important factor leading to poor prevention and control, and the combination of strict containment and proactive pursuit is the way to achieve superior prevention and control, timely and proactive containment strategies have better prevention and control, and should mobilize the public to cooperate.