bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel CAR‐T Cells Specifically Targeting SIA‐CIgG Demonstrate Effective Antitumor Efficacy in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Ding Mengting , Lin Jiaxing , Qin Caipeng , Fu Yuhao , Du Yiqing , Qiu Xiaoyan , Wei Ping , Xu Tao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy is a promising cancer treatment method. However, its application in bladder cancer (BC) remains limited, partially because of the absence of appropriate target molecules. Sialylated cancer‐derived IgG (SIA‐CIgG) is highly expressed in BC and is closely associated with malignant biological behavior. However, its potential as a target for CAR‐T cell therapy to treat BC is yet to be established. Here, it is found that SIA‐CIgG is highly expressed in most BC samples but displayed limited expression in normal tissues. CAR‐T cells specifically targeting SIA‐CIgG can effectively lyse BC cells and the cytotoxicity depends on SIA‐CIgG expression. Furthermore, SIA‐CIgG CAR‐T cells demonstrate milder tumor cell lysis and enhanced persistence compared with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) CAR‐T cells, which have undergone extensive clinical trials. After repeated tumor antigen challenges, SIA‐CIgG CAR‐T cells display substantial alterations in both the transcriptome and chromatin accessibility. When combining SIA‐CIgG CAR‐T cell therapy with FDA‐approved drugs to treat BC, the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), vorinostat, is found to enhance the ablility of CAR‐T cells for tumor cell lysis. Therefore, the combination of SIA‐CIgG CAR‐T cells and vorinostat is promising for BC treatment.
Exercises in ethically engaged work in biological anthropology
Authors: Zuckerman Molly K. , Marklein Kathryn E. , Austin Rita M. , Hofman Courtney A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAn ethical paradigm shift currently taking place within biological anthropology is pushing scholars to envisage and develop paths toward more ethical futures. Drawing from case studies in our own teaching, research, and fieldwork experience, we reflect on the complex, diverse, and dynamic nature of ethical considerations in our field. We discuss the acquisition and institutional narrative of a human osteological teaching collection at the University of Louisville as an embodiment of structural apathy turned structural violence, and the need for professional guidance in the potential retirement of deceased individuals from our classrooms. In documented collections (i.e., the Robert J. Terry Collection), we share our process and scholarly reemphasis of the humanity of a deceased individual through contextualized analysis (i.e., osteobiography and archival history) and postmortem agentive acts. Lastly, we present an archeological site in the U.S. Virgin Islands, which poses ethical concerns as biocultural bioarcheologists and archeologists attempt to negotiate the possible wishes of the deceased with the cultural value of reconstructing the community's otherwise undocumented past, all amidst the immediate threat of anthropogenic climate change. We offer these exercises and discussion in ethically engaged projects transparently and with an overarching admission that none are models for replication. Rather, at various stages in our careers and engagement with ethics, we acknowledge that progress is worthwhile, albeit challenging, and that proceeding forward collectively as biological anthropologists should be deliberate, reflexive, and compassionate for deceased individuals and their descendant communities, as well as among and between colleagues.
Distinct regional vulnerability to Aβ and iron accumulation in post mortem AD brains
Authors: Yao Junye , Li Zhenghao , Zhou Zihan , Bao Aimin , Wang Zheng , Wei Hongjiang , He Hongjian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe paramagnetic iron, diamagnetic amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and their interaction are crucial in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, complicating non‐invasive magnetic resonance imaging for prodromal AD detection.METHODSWe used a state‐of‐the‐art sub‐voxel quantitative susceptibility mapping method to simultaneously measure Aβ and iron levels in post mortem human brains, validated by histology. Further transcriptomic analysis using Allen Human Brain Atlas elucidated the underlying biological processes.RESULTSRegional increased paramagnetic and diamagnetic susceptibility were observed in medial prefrontal, medial parietal, and para‐hippocampal cortices associated with iron deposition (R = 0.836, p = 0.003) and Aβ accumulation (R = 0.853, p = 0.002) in AD brains. Higher levels of gene expression relating to cell cycle, post‐translational protein modifications, and cellular response to stress were observed.DISCUSSIONThese findings provide quantitative insights into the variable vulnerability of cortical regions to higher levels of Aβ aggregation, iron overload, and subsequent neurodegeneration, indicating changes preceding clinical symptoms.Highlights
The vulnerability of distinct brain regions to amyloid beta (Aβ) and iron accumulation varies.
Histological validation was performed on stained sections of ex‐vivo human brains.
Regional variations in susceptibility were linked to gene expression profiles.
Iron and Aβ levels in ex‐vivo brains were simultaneously quantified.
Electro‐Clinical Features and Functional Connectivity Analysis in SYN1‐Related Epilepsy
Authors: Moya Quiros Vincent , Adham Ahmed , Convers Philippe , Lesca Gaetan , Mauguiere François , Soulier Hugo , Arzimanoglou Alexis , Bayat Allan , Braakman Hilde , Camdessanche Jean‐Philippe , Casenave Philippe , Chaton Laurence , Chaix Yves , Chochoi Maxime , Depienne Christel , Desportes Vincent , De Ridder Jessie , Dinkelacker Vera , Gardella Elena , Kluger Gerhard J. , Jung Julien , Lemesle Martin Martine , Mancardi Maria Margherita , Mueller Markus , Poulat Anne‐Lise , Platzer Konrad , Roubertie Agathe , Stokman Marijn F. , Vulto‐van Silfhout Anneke T. , Wiegand Gert , Mazzola Laure 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveThere is currently scarce data on the electroclinical characteristics of epilepsy associated with synapsin 1 (SYN1) pathogenic variations. We examined clinical and electro‐encephalographic (EEG) features in patients with epilepsy and SYN1 variants, with the aim of identifying a distinctive electroclinical pattern.MethodsIn this retrospective multicenter study, we collected and reviewed demographic, genetic, and epilepsy data of 19 male patients with SYN1 variants. Specifically, we analyzed interictal EEG data for all patients, and electro‐clinical data from 10 epileptic seizures in 5 patients, using prolonged video‐EEG monitoring recordings. Inter‐ictal EEG functional connectivity parameters and frequency spectrum of the 10 patients over 12 years of age, were computed and compared with those of 56 age‐ and sex‐matched controls.ResultsThe main electroclinical features of epilepsy in patients with SYN1 were (1) EEG background and organization mainly normal; (2) interictal abnormalities are often rare or not visible on EEG; (3) more than 60% of patients had reflex seizures (cutaneous contact with water and defecation being the main triggers) isolated or associated with spontaneous seizures; (4) electro‐clinical semiology of seizures was mainly temporal or temporo‐insulo/perisylvian with a notable autonomic component; and (5) ictal EEG showed a characteristic rhythmic theta/delta activity predominating in temporo‐perisylvian regions at the beginning of most seizures. Comparing patients with SYN1 to healthy subjects, we observed a shift to lower frequency bands in power spectrum of interictal EEG and an increased connectivity in both temporal regions.InterpretationA distinct epilepsy syndrome emerges in patients with SYN1, with a rather characteristic clinical and EEG pattern suggesting predominant temporo‐insular involvement. ANN NEUROL 2025;97:34–50
Bismuth Nanoparticles and Single Iron Atoms on Carbon Derived from a Covalent Organic Framework Synergistically Catalyze the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Tao Andong , Guo Bing , Yu Chengbing , Yang Xiubei , Liu Guojuan , Zeng Gaofeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe utilization of catalysts comprising metal nanoparticle has been beneficial for enhancing the performance of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, the inadequate intrinsic activity of these catalysts still presents a significant challenge, limiting their overall effectiveness. This issue can be addressed by introducing single atoms, which can create a synergistic effect with the nanoparticles to catalyse and thereby improve performance. Nevertheless, the synergistic catalysis of nanoparticles and single atoms is still under investigation. In this study, we fabricated a core‐shell structured carbon framework incorporating Fe single atoms and Bi nanoparticles through the pyrolysis of COF and MOF core‐shell structures. Introducing Fe single atoms into ZIF‐8, with Fe‐ZIF‐8 as the core and Bi‐containing COF as the shell, resulted in higher ORR activity. The catalyst exhibited a half‐wave potential of 0.867 V and a high current density of 6.68 mA cm−2 in 0.1 M KOH, which were comparable to those of Pt/C equivalent.This study provides new research concepts for exploring the application of single atoms and nanoparticles in catalytic oxygen reduction reactions through synergistic effects.
Solving large numerical substructures in real‐time hybrid simulations using proper orthogonal decomposition
Authors: Zhang Jian , Ding Hao , Wang Jin‐Ting , Altay Okyay 
Published: August 2024

AbstractReal‐time hybrid simulation (RTHS) technique significantly streamlines experimental procedures by allowing researchers to study a substantial portion of the structure through numerical analysis. For effective real‐time interconnectivity between the investigated substructures, the numerical component must be solved within an extremely tight time frame. However, achieving a real‐time solution for large numerical substructures presents a major challenge. Hence, this paper proposes the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) method to reduce computational burden in RTHS and shows its implementation. The merits of the approach are shown by comparisons between the full‐order and reduced‐order numerical substructures, including nonlinearities. A shear frame retrofitted with superelastic shape memory alloy dampers is investigated as a numerical model. The soil‐structure interaction is also included using a finite element half‐space model with an artificial viscous‐spring boundary. Furthermore, the numerical substructure is coupled with shaking table experiments of a tuned liquid column damper to prove the feasibility of the method. With POD, the studied nonlinear numerical substructure can simulate up to 2655 degrees‐of‐freedom (DOFs) with a given hardware setup, while the full‐order model is limited to 135 DOF, underscoring the significance of the POD method in RTHS.
A mathematical model for bedrock incision in near‐threshold gravel‐bed rivers
Authors: Gabel Vanessa , Tucker Gregory E. , Campforts Benjamin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGravel‐bed rivers that incise into bedrock are common worldwide. These systems have many similarities with other alluvial channels: they transport large amounts of sediment and adjust their forms in response to discharge and sediment supply. At the same time, the occurrence of bedrock incision implies behaviour that falls on a spectrum between fully detachment‐limited ‘bedrock channels’ and fully transport‐limited ‘alluvial channels’. Here, we present a mathematical model of river profile evolution that integrates bedrock erosion, gravel transport and the formation of channels whose hydraulic geometry is consistent with that of near‐threshold alluvial channels. We combine theory for five interrelated processes: bedload sediment transport in equilibrium gravel‐bed channels, channel width adjustment to flow and sediment characteristics, abrasion of bedrock by mobile sediment, plucking of bedrock and progressive loss of gravel‐sized sediment due to grain attrition. This model contributes to a growing class of models that seek to capture the dynamics of both bedrock incision and alluvial sediment transport. We demonstrate the model's ability to reproduce expected fluvial features such as inverse power law scaling between slope and area, and width and depth consistent with near‐threshold channel theory, and we discuss the role of sediment characteristics in influencing the mode of channel behaviour, erosional mechanism, channel steepness and profile concavity.
Functional, nutritional, and sensorial evaluation of sorghum‐based beverages produced by single‐ and two‐stage acid, α‐amylase enzyme, and germination treatments
Authors: Sajjadi Alhashem Seyed Hasan , Ehsani Mohammad Reza , Akhondzadeh Basti Afshin , Sharifan Anoosheh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNowadays, the consumption of functional foods, such as plant‐based beverages, is increasing due to their health‐promoting properties. The low extraction yield of nutritional and functional components is considered a major challenge during the production of sorghum‐based beverages (SBB), as well as their sensorial properties. This investigation studied the effects of various treatments (acidic using phosphoric acid, enzymatic using α‐amylase, germination, germination‐acidic, germination‐enzymatic, and acidic‐enzymatic) on the functional, nutritional, and sensorial properties of SBB. The two‐stage acidic‐enzymatic treatment demonstrated the highest extraction yield, dry matter, ash, carbohydrates, and reducing sugar contents, as well as the lowest starch content (p < .05). Furthermore, the highest protein content (0.98%) was achieved by the germination treatments of sorghum grains. While the highest fat content was achieved by the acidic treatment (1.38%), the germination‐acidic treatment exhibited the highest energy value (26.02 kcal/100 mL). Moreover, the total phenolic content of the acidic‐enzymatic treatment (44.56 mg GAE/L) was significantly higher than that of other treatments. However, all treatments demonstrated lower antioxidant properties compared to the control treatment (142.85 mg BHT eq./L). Furthermore, the sensory evaluation of the germination and germination‐enzymatic treatments showed acceptable scores (≥7) for consumers. In conclusion, the results indicated that the two‐stage treatments of sorghum, especially the acidic‐enzymatic treatment, were more effective than single treatments for the extraction of functional and nutritional components during the production of SBB.
Dietary factors and risk for adverse pregnancy outcome: A Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Mu Fangxiang , Liu Lin , Wang Weijing , Wang Mei , Wang Fang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aims to explore the link between dietary habits and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), including preterm birth (PB), preeclampsia (PE), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), fetal growth restriction (FGR), and spontaneous abortion (SA) through two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR). We accessed publicly available genome‐wide association studies' (GWAS) summary statistics for dietary habits and APOs, respectively. We used five MR methods to synthesize MR estimates across genetic instruments. To ensure the robustness of our results, we assessed heterogeneity, and horizontal pleiotropy, and conducted sensitivity analyses. The primary analysis showed that intake of dried fruit (odds ratio (OR), 0.522; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.291–0.935) and fresh fruit (OR, 0.487; 95% CI: 0.247–0.960) was related to a decreased risk of PB. While intake of tea (OR, 1.602; 95% CI: 1.069–2.403) and poultry (OR, 6.314; 95% CI: 1.266–31.488) was linked to a heightened risk of PB. Cheese intake was a protective factor against PE (OR, 0.557; 95% CI: 0.337–0.920) and GDM (OR, 0.391; 95% CI: 0.270–0.565). Intake of lamb/mutton had a negative relationship with PE (OR, 0.372; 95%CI: 0.145–0.954), whereas oily fish consumption showed a positive relationship with FGR (OR, 2.005; 95% CI: 1.205–3.339). However, after correction using the false discovery rate (FDR) analysis, only the intake of cheese showed a significant causal relationship with GDM (p < .001). Our study preliminarily found that cheese intake was significantly associated with the lower risk of GDM, while others were suggestively associated with the risk of APOs. Well‐designed prospective studies are still needed to confirm our findings in the future.
Beobachtungen an Crinipellis corticalis (Desm.) Sing. & Clém. und Crinipellis slipitaria (Fr.) Pat.
Authors: Paechnatz Eckehard 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungEin kritischer Vergleich der Beschreibungen von Crinipellis corticalis (Desmazières) Singer & Clémençon mit solchen von Crinipellis stipitaria (Fries) Patouillard ergab, daß die zur Trennung beider Sippen herangezogenen Merkmale nicht eindeutig definiert sind und einer Überprüfung bedürfen.Makroskopische und mikroskopische Beobachtungen an 37 Crinipellis‐Kollektionen mit etwa 390 Fruchtkörpern, überwiegend Material aus der DDR, zeigten, daß die Merkmale der Holzbewohner von denen der Grasbewohner nicht verschieden sind. Die große Variabilität einiger Merkmale des Individuums und der Population verbietet auch die Abtrennung von Varietäten oder Formen. Wir müssen somit Crinipellis corticalis (Desm.) Sing. & Clém. als Synonym zu Crinipellis slipitaria (Fr.) Pat. bewerten.Zu einigen Eigenschaften dieser Art einschließlich der Standort‐ und Wirtswahl ergeben sich neue Gesichtspunkte.
Das Asplenietum serpentini und seine Kontaktgesellschaften auf dem Serpentinit‐Komplex im Slavkovský les (Kaiserwald) bei Mariánské lazně (Marienbad) in Westböhmen (ČSSR)
Authors: Müller‐Stoll Wolfgang R. , Toman Miloslav 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungVom Serpentinit im Slavkovský les (Kaiserwald) bei Mariánské lázně (Marienbad) in Westböhmen werden vier Gesellschaften beschrieben. Den Mittelpunkt unserer Bemühungen stellt das Asplenietum serpentini Gauckl. 54 mit 23 Aufnahmen dar; es handelt sich um eine typische Felsspaltengesellschaft (Asplenictea rupestris Br.‐Bl. in Meyer & Br.‐Bl. 34). Als zweites kommt das Rubo idaei‐Poetum nemoralis ass. nov. vor, das neben und zwischen den Felsen auf flachgründigem Boden auftritt (Sedo‐Seleranthetea Br.‐Bl. 55 cm. Th. Müller 61). Diese Gesellschaft wird in drei Untergesellschaften gegliedert, darunter eine solche mit dem endemischen Cerastium alsinifolium alsinifolium Tausch. Als weitere Assoziation wird das Nardo‐Callunetum Bük. 42 (nom. inv. Oberdorfer 87) und zwar in der Untergesellschaft von Erica carnca beschrieben (Nardo‐Callunetea Prsg. 49). Sie kommt sowohl im offenen Gelände als auch unter lichten Kiefern (Pinus sylvestris) vor. Schließlich wird auf zwei Bestände des Diantho deltoidis‐Galietum veri in der Subassoziation von Lychnis viscaria Toman 77 eingegangen, die ebenfalls in die Klasse Nardo‐Callunetea gehören.
Lantana camara L. – a review
Authors: Sinha Sangram , Sharma Achana 
Published: August 2024

SummaryThe species Lantana camara shows a wide distribution with a large range of cytotypes and ecotypes. Detailed distribution of the different species of the genus Lantana has been given, together with their morphological, anatomical and palynological characters and their peculiar pollination biology. Cytological studies show polyploids between 2n to 6n with a deep seated base of x = 11 chromosomes and occasionally x = 12. Diploids are few and mostly cultivated. The tetraploids are most frequent, occupying a wide ecological range. Triploids co‐exist with tetraploids but the relatively few pentaploids prefer a more temperate habitat. DNA content varies with level of ploidy. The great success of this species in the tropical countries may be due to the range of polyploids, associated with vegetative reproduction. Polyploidy can to some extent be correlated with habitat and morphology and also with the content of the lantadenes, which are responsible for the toxic properties.
Vegetation of inland desert wadies in Egypt IX. Eastern tributaries of lower Wadi Qena
Authors: El‐Sharkawi H. M. , Fayed A. A. , Salama F. M. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryWadi Quena, unique in its north‐south orientation among other wadies of the eastern desert of Egypt constitutes a vast catchment system of sporadic rains over the Red Sea mountains. The present study concerns a part of this catchment area, including some east‐west tributaries pouring flood waters into the lower part of the main trunk of the wadi. Due to local physiographic factors, these tributaries harbour two communities newly recognized in this desert. These are: community of Salsola baryosma‐Tamarix aphylla and community of Citrullus colocynthis‐Cleome droserifolia. Elements of the alliance Zygophyllaeion coccini, previously identified in this series of investigations, are well represented in the area under consideration.
FOXO3 Activates MFN2 Expression to Maintain the Autophagy Response in Cancer Cells Under Amino Acid Deprivation
Authors: Jiang Xu , Wang Jing , Ma Fang , Li Yuyun 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe lack of amino acids triggers the autophagic response. Some studies have shown such starvation conditions also induce mitochondrial fusion, revealing a close correlation between the two processes. Although Mitofusin‐2 (MFN2) has been demonstrated to play a role in fusion regulation, its role in the autophagic response and the variables that activate MFN2 under stress remain unknown. In this investigation, we screened and confirmed that forkhead box protein O3 (FOXO3) participates in MFN2's expression during short periods of starvation. Luciferase reporter test proved that FOXO3 facilitates MFN2's transcription by binding to its promoter region, and FOXO3 downregulation directly depresses MFN2's expression. Consequently, inhibiting the FOXO3–MFN2 axis results in the loss of mitochondrial fusion, disrupting the normal morphology of mitochondria, impairing the degradation of substrates, and reducing autophagosome accumulation, ultimately leading to the blockage of the autophagy. In conclusion, our work demonstrates that the FOXO3–MFN2 pathway is essential for adaptive changes in mitochondrial morphology and cellular autophagy response under nutritional constraints.
Spin parameter optimization for spin‐polarized extended tight‐binding methods
Authors: Moradi Siyavash , Tomann Rebecca , Hendrix Josie , Head‐Gordon Martin , Stein Christopher J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe present an optimization strategy for atom‐specific spin‐polarization constants within the spin‐polarized GFN2‐xTB framework, aiming to enhance the accuracy of molecular simulations. We compare a sequential and global optimization of spin parameters for hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine. Sensitivity analysis using Sobol indices guides the identification of the most influential parameters for a given reference dataset, allowing for a nuanced understanding of their impact on diverse molecular properties. In the case of the W4‐11 dataset, substantial error reduction was achieved, demonstrating the potential of the optimization. Transferability of the optimized spin‐polarization constants over different properties, however, is limited, as we demonstrate by applying the optimized parameters on a set of singlet‐triplet gaps in carbenes. Further studies on ionization potentials and electron affinities highlight some inherent limitations of current extended tight‐binding methods that can not be resolved by simple parameter optimization. We conclude that the significantly improved accuracy strongly encourages the present re‐optimization of the spin‐polarization constants, whereas the limited transferability motivates a property‐specific optimization strategy.