bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A phase 2 trial of induction nab‐paclitaxel and cetuximab given with cisplatin and 5‐fluorouracil followed by concurrent cisplatin and radiation for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Adkins Douglas , Ley Jessica , Trinkaus Kathryn , Thorstad Wade , Lewis James , Wildes Tanya , Siegel Barry A. , Dehdashti Farrokh , Gay Hiram , Mehan Paul , Nussenbaum Brian 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Complete response (CR) at the primary tumor site as assessed by clinical examination following induction chemotherapy with PF (cisplatin and 5‐fluorouracil [5‐FU]) is a favorable predictive factor for overall survival and disease control in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. In most series, the rate of CR at the primary site after induction PF was 20% to 30%. This study evaluated the efficacy and feasibility of induction nab‐paclitaxel and cetuximab given with PF (ACPF) followed by definitive chemoradiation (CRT) in a phase 2 trial.METHODS:Patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were treated with ACPF (nab‐paclitaxel 100 mg/m2/week; cetuximab 250 mg/m2/week; cisplatin 75 mg/m2 on day 1; 5‐FU 750 mg/m2/day on days 1 through 3) every 21 days for 3 cycles followed by CRT (cisplatin 100 mg/m2 on days 1, 22, and 43 of radiation therapy [RT]). CR at the primary tumor site after 2 cycles of ACPF was the primary endpoint.RESULTS:Thirty patients were enrolled, of which 22 (73%) had large (T3/T4) primary tumors. The CR rate at the primary tumor site after 2 cycles of ACPF was 53% and the overall response rate was 100%. Twenty‐nine (96%) patients completed 3 cycles of ACPF, 26 (90%) completed definitive RT per protocol, and 22 of the 27 evaluable patients (81%) received > 2 of the 3 planned doses of cisplatin with RT. The estimated 2‐year overall and progression‐free survival rates were 84% and 65%, respectively.CONCLUSIONS:Induction ACPF resulted in a high CR rate (53%) at the primary tumor site even in large tumors and did not adversely affect delivery of definitive CRT. Further investigation of ACPF is warranted. Cancer 2013. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Whole‐genome microRNA expression profiling identifies a 5‐microRNA signature as a prognostic biomarker in Chinese patients with primary glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhang Jing , Yan Wei , You Gan , Bao Zhaoshi , Li Shouwei , Kang Chunsheng , Jiang Chuanlu , You Yongping , Zhang Yuxiang , Chen Clark C. , Song Sonya Wei , Jiang Tao 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:More reliable clinical outcome prediction is required to better guide more personalized treatment for patients with primary glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The objective of this study was to identify a microRNA expression signature to improve outcome prediction for patients with primary GBM.METHODS:A cohort of Chinese patients with primary GBM (n = 82) was analyzed using whole‐genome microRNA expression profiling with patients divided into a training set and a testing set. Cox regression and risk‐score analyses were used to develop a 5‐microRNA signature using 41 training samples. The signature was validated in 41 other test samples, in an independent cohort of 35 patients with GBM, and in the Cancer Genome Atlas data set.RESULTS:Patients who had high risk scores according to the 5‐microRNA signature had poor overall survival and progression‐free survival compared with patients who had low risk scores. Multivariate Cox analysis indicated that the 5‐microRNA signature was an independent prognostic biomarker after adjusting for other clinicopathologic and genetic factors, such as extent of resection, temozolomide chemotherapy, preoperative Karnofsky performance status score, isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation, and O‐6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status.CONCLUSIONS:The 5‐microRNA signature was identified as an independent risk predictor that identified patients who had a high risk of unfavorable outcome, demonstrating its potential for personalizing cancer management. The authors concluded that this signature should be evaluated in further prospective studies. Cancer 2013. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Antenna‐ and Metal‐Triggered Luminescence in Dense 1,3‐Benzodinitrile Metal–Organic Frameworks ∞3[LnCl3(1,3‐Ph(CN)2)], Ln = Eu, Tb
Authors: Höller Christoph J. , Matthes Philipp R. , Adlung Matthias , Wickleder Claudia , Müller‐Buschbaum Klaus 
Published: September 2012

AbstractLuminescent homoleptic dense 1,3‐benzodinitrile MOFs (metal–organic frameworks) of Eu3+ and Tb3+ were prepared from the anhydrous chlorides LnCl3 (Ln = Eu, Tb) and a melt of the linker ligand 1,3‐benzodinitrile [1,3‐Ph(CN)2=C6H4(CN)2]. The 1,3‐benzodinitrile ligands act as chemical scissors and cut down the LnCl3 structure to 2D sheets of trigonal Cl ion prisms around the rare earth ions and interlinks these nets to form a 3D framework structure of the formula ∞3[LnCl3(1,3‐Ph(CN)2)]. Both compounds exhibit photoluminescence of the trivalent rare earth ions although they are fully concentrated (100 % luminescence centres), and are the sole examples in which a dinitrile linker is utilized as an antenna for rare earth luminescence subsequent to a transfer of the energy from an excited ligand state to an excited 4f state of the rare earth ion. The antenna effect is most efficient for the terbium‐containing framework, whereas the europium spectrum also exhibits metal 4f–4f excitation. The emission can be attributed to 4f–4f transitions of Eu3+ and Tb3+, which give a red emission for europium (intra 4f6 5D0→7F4–0) and a green emission for terbium (intra 4f8 5D4→7F0–6). For Eu3+ a rather uncommon case was observed, in which the 5D4→7F4 transition shows the highest intensity because of a strong ligand‐polarizability‐ and temperature‐dependent dynamic coupling (DC) effect. It is known that luminescence as an intrinsic property of the framework can be triggered in such MOFs by different excitation routes and that both the organic and the inorganic parts are essential for the functionality of these hybrid materials.
Single‐Piece Solid‐Contact Pb2+‐Selective Electrodes Based on Thiophene Oligomer
Authors: Xu Shuhua , Yuan Qun , Yu Shunyang , Wu Xuran 
Published: September 2012

AbstractA single‐piece solid‐contact Pb2+‐selective electrode was prepared by adding a thiophene oligomer into the ion‐selective cocktail directly. The one‐step fabrication yielded an electrode with Nernstian response spanning a wide concentration range of 10−3–10−8 mol L−1, and detection limit as low as 5.6×10−9 mol L−1. The electrode had a quick response time of approximately 10–15 s and showed excellent selectivity over the most common univalent and divalent cations. The practical application of the proposed electrode has been tested by determining Pb2+ in real water samples.
Electrochemical Properties of Micro‐ and Regular Electrodes Modified with Environmentally Sensitive Poly(N‐Isopropylacrylamide) Gel via Electrochemically Induced Free‐Radical Polymerization
Authors: Karbarz Marcin , Łukaszek Aneta , Stojek Zbigniew 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThin layers of the thermo sensitive cross‐linked poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) gel were anchored on the surface of platinum micro‐ and regular‐electrodes. No preliminary functionalization of the surface was used; just electroformation of radicals at the surface led to strong binding of the polymer net. The electroanalytical investigation was focused on how the volume phase transition affects the height of the voltammetric peak of a model compound, 1,1′‐ferrocenedimethanol. The changes in the oxidation peak current of the electroactive compound upon switching temperature were perfectly reversible. Additionally, it was found that these changes were very fast and the polymer film was very stable. Very good adhesion of poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) gel to platinum surface and excellent reversibility of the shrinking/swelling process (volume phase transition) may produce new possibilities in electroanalysis.
Voltammetric Determination of Proguanil in Malarone and Spiked Urine with a Renewable Silver Amalgam Film Electrode
Authors: Smarzewska Sylwia , Skrzypek Slawomira , Ciesielski Witold 
Published: September 2012

AbstractElectrochemical properties of proguanil were investigated by a voltammetric method (SWV) using a renewable silver amalgam film electrode. The influence of buffer pH as well as potential amplitude, frequency, and step potential was studied. The repeatability, precision and recovery of the developed method were examined. The reduction peak current was used for proguanil voltammetric determination in the range 1×10−7–6×10−6 mol L−1, LOD=2.9×10−8 mol L−1, LOQ=9.7×10−8 mol L−1. The standard addition method was used to determine proguanil in a commercial formulation (Malarone) and in spiked urine.
DNA polymerases in nonhomologous end joining: Are there any benefits to standing out from the crowd?
Authors: Ramsden Dale A. , Asagoshi Kenjiro 
Published: September 2012

AbstractChromosome breaks, often with damaged or missing DNA flanking the break site, are an important threat to genome stability. They are repaired in vertebrates primarily by nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ). NHEJ is unique among the major DNA repair pathways in that a continuous template cannot be used by DNA polymerases to instruct replacement of damaged or lost DNA. Nevertheless, at least 3 out of the 17 mammalian DNA polymerases are specifically employed by NHEJ. Biochemical and structural studies are further revealing how each of the polymerases employed by NHEJ possesses distinct and sophisticated means to overcome the barriers this pathway presents to polymerase activity. Still unclear, though, is how the resulting network of overlapping and nonoverlapping polymerase activities contributes to repair in cells. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Economic analysis of FDG‐PET–guided management of the neck after primary chemoradiotherapy for node‐positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Pryor David I. , Porceddu Sandro V. , Scuffham Paul A. , Whitty Jennifer A. , Thomas Paul A. , Burmeister Bryan H. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this economic analysis was to model different strategies using pre‐treatment nodal stage or nodal response assessment with CT or positron emission tomography (PET)/CT to determine the need for neck dissection.MethodsA cost‐minimization analysis was developed on the basis of probability data from a prospective study of PET‐guided management of the neck in patients achieving a complete response at the primary site. Costs were derived from our institution's activity‐based clinical costing system. The effect of uncertainty was tested with sensitivity and scenario analyses including nationally representative cost data.ResultsStrategies incorporating PET had a 7% rate for neck dissection compared with 44% for CT‐guided and 90% for planned neck dissection. The cost per patient was A$16,502 for planned neck dissection, A$8014 for CT‐guided, and A$2573 for PET‐guided. A policy with PET used only for incomplete response on CT was the least‐cost strategy (A$2111). Policies incorporating PET remained the most efficient for all sensitivity/scenario analyses.ConclusionThe incorporation of PET/CT into nodal response assessment significantly reduced the number of unnecessary neck dissections and generated considerable cost savings in our cohort. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
SEMIPARAMETRIC VECTOR MEM
Authors: Cipollini Fabrizio , Engle Robert F. , Gallo Giampiero M. 
Published: September 2012

SUMMARYFinancial time series are often non‐negative‐valued (volumes, trades, durations, realized volatility, daily range) and exhibit clustering. When joint dynamics is of interest, the vector multiplicative error model (vMEM; the element‐by‐element product of a vector of conditionally autoregressive scale factors and a multivariate i.i.d. innovation process) is a suitable strategy. Its parameters can be estimated by generalized method of moments, bypassing the problem of specifying a multivariate distribution for the errors. Simulated results show the gains in efficiency relative to an equation‐by‐equation approach. A vMEM on several measures of volatility justifies a joint approach revealing full interdependence. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An economic evaluation: Simulation of the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of universal prevention strategies against osteoporosis-related fractures
Authors: Nshimyumukiza Léon , Durand Audrey , Gagnon Mathieu , Douville Xavier , Morin Suzanne , Lindsay Carmen , Duplantie Julie , Gagné Christian , Jean Sonia , Giguère Yves , Dodin Sylvie , Rousseau François , Reinharz Daniel 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
A patient-level Markov decision model was used to simulate a virtual cohort of 500,000 women 40 years old and over, in relation to osteoporosis-related hip, clinical vertebral, and wrist bone fractures events. Sixteen different screening options of three main scenario groups were compared: (1) the status quo (no specific national prevention program); (2) a universal primary prevention program; and (3) a universal screening and treatment program based on the 10-year absolute risk of fracture. The outcomes measured were total directs costs from the perspective of the public health care system, number of fractures, and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Results show that an option consisting of a program promoting physical activity and treatment if a fracture occurs is the most cost-effective (CE) (cost/fracture averted) alternative and also the only cost saving one, especially for women 40 to 64 years old. In women who are 65 years and over, bone mineral density (BMD)-based screening and treatment based on the 10-year absolute fracture risk calculated using a Canadian Association of Radiologists and Osteoporosis Canada (CAROC) tool is the best next alternative. In terms of cost-utility (CU), results were similar. For women less than 65 years old, a program promoting physical activity emerged as cost-saving but BMD-based screening with pharmacological treatment also emerged as an interesting alternative. In conclusion, a program promoting physical activity is the most CE and CU option for women 40 to 64 years old. BMD screening and pharmacological treatment might be considered a reasonable alternative for women 65 years old and over because at a healthcare capacity of $50,000 Canadian dollars ($CAD) for each additional fracture averted or for one QALY gained its probabilities of cost-effectiveness compared to the program promoting physical activity are 63% and 75%, respectively, which could be considered socially acceptable. Consideration of the indirect costs could change these findings. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Acute effect of calcium citrate on serum calcium and cardiovascular function
Authors: Burt Morton G , Mangelsdorf Brenda L , Srivastava Divya , Petersons Carolyn J 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Calcium supplements have been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. However, the validity of these findings has been questioned. A major concern is that the mechanism underlying an increase in cardiovascular events has not been demonstrated. Calcium initiates cardiac and vascular contraction following influx of calcium into cardiac and smooth muscle from extracellular fluid. We have investigated whether the acute rise in serum calcium following calcium supplement administration is associated with adverse changes in cardiovascular function. In an open interventional study, we recruited 25 volunteers (16 female, age 60.3 ± 6.5 years, body mass index 25.7 ± 2.7 kg/m2) from the community who were not taking calcium supplements. Participants were studied before and 3 hours after a single oral dose of 1000 mg calcium citrate. We assessed well-validated markers of arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity [PWV]), arterial wave reflection (augmentation index [AIx]), and myocardial perfusion (subendocardial viability ratio [SEVR]) by pulse wave analysis and endothelial function (reactive hyperemia index [RHI]) by peripheral arterial tonometry. Total and ionized serum calcium were acutely increased by 0.10 ± 0.07 and 0.06 ± 0.03 mmol/L, respectively, 3 hours after calcium citrate administration (p &lt; 0.0001 for both comparisons). Following administration of calcium citrate there was a fall in AIx from a median of 29.7% (23.8% to 34.0%) to 26.4% (22.7% to 34.0%, p = 0.03) and an increase in SEVR from 163% (148% to 174%) to 170% (149% to 185%, p = 0.007). PWV and RHI were not significantly altered. The change in total calcium was negatively correlated with the change in AIx (r = –0.48, p = 0.02). In summary, the acute increase in serum calcium following calcium supplement administration is associated with reduced arterial wave reflection and a marker of increased myocardial perfusion. If maintained long-term, these changes would be expected to reduce cardiovascular risk. Acute serum calcium–mediated changes in these parameters of cardiovascular function are unlikely to underlie an association between calcium supplementation and cardiovascular events. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Vertebral fractures and trabecular microstructure in men with prostate cancer on androgen deprivation therapy
Authors: Greenspan Susan L , Wagner Julie , Nelson Joel B , Perera Subashan , Britton Cynthia , Resnick Neil M 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), a treatment for prostate cancer, is associated with bone loss and fractures. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)–measured bone mineral density does not assess vertebral fractures (VF). High-resolution micro-magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) assesses bone microarchitecture and provides structural information. To determine if VF identification increased the diagnosis of osteoporosis beyond DXA and if HR-MRI demonstrated skeletal deterioration in men with VF, we cross-sectionally studied 137 men aged ≥ 60 years with nonmetastatic prostate cancer on ADT for ≥ 6 months. Vertebral fracture assessment (VFA) by DXA was confirmed with X-rays. HR-MRI of the wrist included bone volume to total volume (BV/TV), surface density (trabecular plates), surface/curve ratio (plates/rods), and erosion index (higher depicts deterioration). VF were found in 37% of men; the majority were unknown. Seven percent of participants were classified as osteoporotic by hip or spine DXA. Thirty-seven percent of men without osteoporosis by DXA had VF identified, suggesting that 90% of patients with clinical osteoporosis would have been misclassified by DXA alone. By ANOVA comparison across VF grades, the BV/TV, surface density, and spine, hip, and wrist DXA were lower, and erosion index was higher in men with moderate-severe VF compared with lesser grades (all p &lt; 0.05). By unadjusted ROC analysis, the addition of HR-MRI to DXA at the spine, hip, and femoral neck added substantially (AUC increased 0.831 to 0.902, p &lt; 0.05) to prediction of moderate-severe vertebral fracture. HR-MRI indices were associated with spine, hip, and wrist DXA measures (p &lt; 0.01). Longer duration of ADT was associated with lower BV/TV, surface density, and surface/curve ratio (p &lt; 0.05). ADT for men with prostate cancer is associated with silent VF. DXA alone leads to misclassifications of osteoporosis, which can be avoided by VF assessment. HR-MRI provides a novel technique to assess deterioration of structural integrity in men with VF and adds micro-structural information. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Dysregulated expression of secretogranin III is involved in neurotoxin‐induced dopaminergic neuron apoptosis
Authors: Li Fengrui , Tian Xiaofei , Zhou Yishu , Zhu Lanhui , Wang Baojie , Ding Mei , Pang Hao 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe neurotoxins paraquat (PQ) and dopamine (DA or 6‐OHDA) cause apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), reproducing an important pathological feature of Parkinson's disease (PD). Secretogranin III (SCG3), a member of the multifunctional granin family, plays a key role in neurotransmitter storage and transport and in secretory granule biogenesis, which involves the uptake of exogenous toxins and endogenous “toxins” in neuroendocrine cells. However, the molecular mechanisms of neurotoxin‐induced apoptosis in dopaminergic neurons and the role of SCG3‐associated signaling pathways in neuroendocrine regulation are unclear. To address this, we used PQ‐ and DA‐induced apoptosis in SH‐SY5Y human dopaminergic cells as an in vitro model to investigate the association between SCG3 expression level and apoptosis. SCG3 was highly expressed in SH‐SY5Y cells, and SCG3 mRNA and protein levels were dramatically decreased after PQ treatment. Apoptosis induced by PQ is associated with caspase activation and decreased SCG3 expression, and restoration of SCG3 expression is observed after treatment with caspase inhibitors. Overexpressed SCG3 in nonneuronal cells and endogenous SCG3 in SH‐SY5Y cells are cleaved into specific fragments by recombinant caspase‐3 and ‐7, but the fragments were not detected in PQ‐treated SH‐SY5Y cells. Therefore, SCG3 may be involved in apoptosis signal transduction as a caspase substrate, leading to loss of its original biological functions. In addition, SCG3 may be a pivotal component of the neuroendocrine pathway and play an important role in neuronal communication and neurotransmitter release, possibly representing a new potential target in the course of PD pathogenesis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characterization of plasma β‐secretase (BACE1) activity and soluble amyloid precursor proteins as potential biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Wu Guoxin , Sankaranarayanan Sethu , Wong Jacky , Tugusheva Katherine , Michener Maria S. , Shi Xiaoping , Cook Jacquelynn J. , Simon Adam J. , Savage Mary J. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractReduction in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid β42 (Aβ42) and elevation in total tau and phospho‐thr181 tau consistently differentiate between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and age‐matched control subjects. In contrast, CSF β‐site APP‐cleaving enzyme activity (BACE1) and soluble amyloid precursor proteins α and β (sAPPα and sAPPβ) are without consistent patterns in AD subjects. Plasma sampling is much easier, with fewer side effects, and is readily applied in primary care centers, so we have developed and validated novel plasma BACE activity, sAPPβ, and sAPPα assays and investigated their ability to distinguish AD from age‐matched controls. Plasma BACE activity assay was sensitive and specific, with signal being immunodepleted with a specific BACE1 antibody and inhibited with a BACE1‐specific inhibitor. Plasma sAPPβ and sAPPα assays were specific, with signal diluting linearly, immunodepleted with specific antibodies, and at background levels in APP knockout mice. In rhesus monkeys, BACE1 but not γ‐secretase inhibitor led to significant lowering of plasma sAPPβ with concurrent elevation of plasma sAPPα. AD subjects showed a significant increase in plasma BACE1 activity, sAPPβ, sAPPα, and Aβ42 (P < 0.001) compared with age‐matched controls. In conclusion, plasma BACE activity and sAPP endpoints provide novel investigative biomarkers for AD diagnosis and potential pharmacodynamic biomarkers for secretase inhibitor studies. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.