bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of unipedicular and bipedicular balloon kyphoplasty for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
Authors: Rebolledo B. J. , Gladnick B. P. , Unnanuntana A. , Nguyen J. T. , Kepler C. K. , Lane J. M. 
Published: February 2013

This is a prospective randomised study comparing the clinical and radiological outcomes of uni- and bipedicular balloon kyphoplasty for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. A total of 44 patients were randomised to undergo either uni- or bipedicular balloon kyphoplasty. Self-reported clinical assessment using the Oswestry Disability Index, the Roland-Morris Disability questionnaire and a visual analogue score for pain was undertaken pre-operatively, and at three and twelve months post-operatively. The vertebral height and kyphotic angle were measured from pre- and post-operative radiographs. Total operating time and the incidence of cement leakage was recorded for each group. Both uni- and bipedicular kyphoplasty groups showed significant within-group improvements in all clinical outcomes at three months and twelve months after surgery. However, there were no significant differences between the groups in all clinical and radiological outcomes. Operating time was longer in the bipedicular group (p < 0.001). The incidence of cement leakage was not significantly different in the two groups (p = 0.09). A unipedicular technique yielded similar clinical and radiological outcomes as bipedicular balloon kyphoplasty, while reducing the length of the operation. We therefore encourage the use of a unipedicular approach as the preferred surgical technique for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:401–6.
The three-dimensional relationship between acetabular rim morphology and the severity of femoral cam lesions
Authors: Masjedi M. , Nightingale C. L. , Azimi D. Y. , Cobb J. P. 
Published: February 2013

We examined the relationship between the size of the femoral cam in femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and acetabular pathomorphology to establish if pincer impingement exists in patients with a femoral cam.CT scans of 37 symptomatic impinging hips with a femoral cam were analysed in a three-dimensional study and were compared with 34 normal hips. The inclination and version of the acetabulum as well as the acetabular rim angle and the bony acetabular coverage were calculated. These measurements were correlated with the size and shape of the femoral cams.While the size of the femoral cam varied characteristically, the acetabular morphology of the two groups was similar in terms of version (normal mean 23° (sd 7°); cam mean 22° (sd 9°)), inclination (normal mean 57° (sd 5°); cam mean 56° (sd 5°)), acetabular coverage (normal mean 41% (sd 5%); cam mean 42% (sd 4%)) and the mean acetabular rim angle (normal mean 82° (sd 5°); cam mean 83° (sd 4°)).We found no correlation between acetabular morphology and the severity of cam lesion and no evidence of either global or focal over-coverage to support the diagnosis of ‘mixed’ FAI. The femoral cam may provoke edge loading but removal of any acetabular bearing surface when treating cam FAI might induce accelerated wear.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:314–19.
The levels and patterns of resilience among male street children in Dhaka City
Authors: Sayem Amir M. , Kidd Sean A. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
This study was carried out to identify the factors affecting resilience among street children. The study used a convenience sample of 366 male street children aged 14–17 years in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. The levels of resilience among the street children were mostly moderately low-low (54.1%), followed by low (29.0%), and moderately high-high resilience (16.9%). Multinomial logistic regression analyses indicated that the pre-street factors of education, economic constraint in the family, as well as experiencing and witnessing domestic violence were associated with resilience, with associated street characteristics being drug abuse, experiencing and witnessing violence on street, access to prevention services, and political involvement.
Are family processes related to achievement motivation of Chinese adolescents experiencing economic disadvantage in Hong Kong?
Authors: Leung Janet T.Y. , Shek Daniel T.L. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The relationships between perceived parenting style, parental control, family functioning, and parental sacrifice for children’s education and achievement motivation were examined in 275 Chinese adolescents experiencing economic disadvantage in Hong Kong. Consistent with the hypotheses, parenting style, parental control, family functioning, and parental sacrifice for children’s education were related with adolescent achievement motivation. Regression analyses further showed that maternal control and paternal and maternal sacrifice for children’s education were significant predictors of achievement motivation for adolescents experiencing economic disadvantage. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
Large-Amplitude Circadian Variations of Urinary Neopterin in Healthy Man
Authors: Auzeby A. , Bogdan A. , Krosi Z. , Touitou Y. 
Published: March 2013

Summary Urinary neopterin (Neo), a marker of T-cell activation was measured in five healthy males for a chronobiological study. Five young males mean age: 25 ± 2 (years ± SD) in apparent good health volunteered for the study. Total urine voidings were collected 4-hourly by each individual during a 48 h span at fixed clock hours. The study was carried out during 3 different 48 hours, one week apart. Neopterin was measured by HPLC and results were expressed as the ratio !lmol/mol creatinine.A statistically significant rhythm of neopterin was detected with a peak (Neo = 167.4 ± 33 .8 SD) at 06h30 and a trough (Neo = 110.9 ± 26.9) between 10h30 and 22h30. These results clearly show a 51 % total yariability of neopterin and must be kept in mind when assaying neopterin for clinical exploration. It is therefore imperative to use, in a given patient, the same time-qualified voidings (preferably the first morning one) in order to avoid misinterpretation in the follow-up of patients.
Neopterin in Clinical Use
Authors: Hausen Arno , Fuchs Dietmar , Reibnegger Gilbert , Werner Ernst R. , Wachter Helmut 
Published: March 2013

Summary A brief review is given on the value of neopterin determination as a biochemical marker for the in vivo activation state of cell-mediated immunity. In a broad spectrum of diseases which are recognized or supposed to involve activation of monocytes/macrophages by interferon gamma derived from activated T lymphocytes, the applicability and utility of this technically simple test for a variety of specific clinical questions have been demonstrated by a multitude of authors. Applications are e. g. early detection of immunological complications in recipients of allografts, monitoring of inflammatory flare-up in patients with autoimmune disorders, the management of patients with malignant tumours and the monitoring of the clinical course in individuals with various infections and particularly with the human immunodeficiency virus. By measuring levels of neopterin in body fluids, information on the actual state of cell~mediated immunity in vivo is obtained that is not easily achieved by other techniques.
Enzymatic Isomerization of Sepiapterin to 6-1'-Hydroxy-2' -oxopropyl 7,8-dihydropterin
Authors: Sueoka Terumi , Katoh Setsuko 
Published: March 2013

Summary
6-1'-Hydroxy-2' -oxopropyl 7,8-dihydropterin, which has been believed to be too labile to actually exist, was produced from sepiapterin (6-lactoyl 7,8-dihydropterin). It was formed by the isomerase activity of sepiapterin reductase, which was recen tly observed in the isomerization of 6-lactoyl 5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin (15), an intermediate of tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis. This product from sepiapterin was detectable electrochemically at 500 mV and fluorometrically on HPLC analysis. The product was converted into 7,8-dihydrobioptcrin (6-1 ' ,2'-dihydroxypropyl-7,8-dihydropterin) if it was further incubated with sepiapterin reductase and NADPH. The structure of the product was identified by 'H-NMR analysis in D2O. The pH optimum of the isomerization of sepiapterin was 8.6 and the UV-absorption spectrum of the product was quite similar to that of 7,8-dihydrobiopterin. The finding of isomerization of sepiapterin, besides that of 6-lactoyl tetrahydropterin. to the C2' -keto isomer strongly supports the real existence of isomerase activity in the sepiapterin reductase molecule.
Pteridines, XCV
Authors: Lockart Ronan John , Pfleiderer Wolfgang 
Published: March 2013

SummaryA series of new amino acid-tetrahydropterin-conjugates has been synthesized starting from N 2-isobutyryl-6,7- dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin (7). The amino acids have been attached in form of their esters (10 - 16) via a succinyl spacer to the N-5 position (17 - 23) or directly via the carboxyl function applying CBZprotected activated esters (35, 39). Acylation of 7 with N-benzyloxycarbonylglutamic acid anhydride led to the y-glutamyl derivative 41. Selective deblocking experiments were achieved by catalytic hydrogenolysis to cleave the benzyl esters (24-28, 36, 42) and by DBU treatment to eliminate the p-nitrophenylethyl group (24, 25) respectively. Further reaction with ammonia hydrolysed the isobutyryl group to give the free tetrahydropterin-amino acid-conjugates 29 - 32, 37 and 43. Also a carbamoyl-type conjugate (45) was obtained from 7 and benzyl phenylalanine N-carbonylimidazolide (44). The newly synthesized compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, UV and IH-NMR spectra.
Neopterin and Cellular Immune Activation in Active Gynaecological Cancer: Significant Correlation Between Neopterin and Circulating Number of HLA-DR Expressing Lymphocytes
Authors: Reibnegger Gilbert , Denz Hubert A. , Fuchs Dietmar , Fuith Lothar C. , Gattringer Claus , Hausen Arno , Huber Heinz , Werner Ernst R. , Werner-Felmayer Gabriele , Wachter Helmut 
Published: March 2013

Summary Urine concentrations of neopterin, a marker for the activation of cellular immunity, were determined concomitantly with a large panel of hematological and immunological variables on 24 women with gynaecological cancers (12 uterine cervix, 5 endometrium, 7 ovary). There were 14 women investigated at first diagnosis of carcinoma, and 10 women were studied during follow-up (evidence of disease, only palliative treatment during the preceding three months). A statistically significant correlation was found between neopterin concentrations and number of circulating non-B lymphocytes expressing HLA-DR antigen. Neopterin concentrations, numbers of HLA-DR positive cells, and numbers of circulating leukocytes were significantly higher in women studied during follow-up, when compared with women freshly diagnosed. In contrast. numbers of CD4 +, CD3 +, CD19 + lymphocytes and of total lymphocytes in peripheral blood were significantly lower in women studied during follow-up. The results suggest that high neopterin levels in tumor patients indicate activation of early steps of cellular immune mechanisms.
Serum Neopterin - Possible Marker to Predict Progression of Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Samsonov Mikhail , Nassonov Eugeney , Masenko Valerei , Naumov Vladimir , Mareev Vjacheslav , Belenkov Yuriy 
Published: March 2013

Summary Fifteen patients with clinical diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP) were followed for 3 to 34 months. Serum neopterin and β2-microglobulin concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. According to the changes of neopterin and β2microglobulin levels in the follow-up study patients were divided into three groups. The course of disease in group 1 (5 patients with constant normal neopterin level <9 nmol/L) during the study) was stable without deterioration and increase of New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class. In group 2 (2 patients with raised neopterin in levels at the beginning of the study) some clinical improvement was associated with normalization of neopterin concentration. In group 3 (8 patients) the relation between the disease progression and increasing neopterin level was observed. The data of this study clearly indicated that neopterin measurements had a predictive value in patients with clinical diagnosis of DCMP.
Elevated Serum Neopterin Levels in Acute Rheumatic Fever
Authors: Samsonov M.Y. , Reibnegger G. , Nassonov E.L. , Nassonova V.A , Wachter H. , Fuchs D. 
Published: March 2013

Summary A link between acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and autoimmune disorders has been postulated. To investigate this relationship. we performed radioimmunoassay measurements of serum neoplerin levels in patients with ARF. Twenty-five young men with ARF were included in our study. Patients were investigated on 3-7 days after the onset of symptoms and on the 30th-35th days after onset. Serum neopterin levels were elevated (>8.7 nmol/L) in 17 out of 25 patients with ARF. Mean neopterin concentration was significantly higher in ARF patients (10.9± 3.9 nmol/L) compared to healthy controls (5.2± 2.1 nmol/L; p<0.001). After treatment of patients .with antibiotics and indometacin, neopterin levels were normal in 16 of 23 patients. There was an association between higher neopterin concentration and development of aortic incompetence during follow-up (p<0.05). Also a significant correlation between neopterin and haemoglobin levels was observed (R= - 0.40. p = 0.(2). The increased neopterin levels indicate enhanced cellular immune activation in patients with ARF. The data suggest that serum neopterin might he a predictive marker of aortic valve lesions in patients with ARF.
Glyceryl-ether Monooxygenase [EC 1.14.16.5J Part V: Some Aspects of the Stoichiometry
Authors: Kosar-Hashemi Behjat , Taguchi Hiroyasu , Armarego Wilfred L.F. 
Published: March 2013

Summary A stoichiometry of one is found for the reaction between RS-batyl alcohol and 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin catalysed by glyceryl-ether monooxygenase during the first two minutes. The apparent decoupling of these two substrates after the first two minutes of reaction is discussed. The stoichiometry of the oxidation of 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin [to quinonoid 6-methyl-7,8(6H)-dihydropterinJ to the conversion of NADH to NAD in the monooxygenase-dihydropteridine reductase coupled reaction is ca one at concentrations of 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin less than 100 μM. At higher concentrations of the tetrahydropterin the ratio decreases and it is shown to be due to product inhibition of the reductase. R( +)- and S( - )-6-Methyl- 5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin are about equally effective substrates for glyceryl-ether monooxygenase. A new and convenient synthesis of 1-14C-batyl alcohol is reported.
Biosynthesis of Methanopterin in Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum
Authors: Eisenreich Wolfgang , Bacher Adelbert 
Published: March 2013

Summary The early steps in the biosynthesis of methanopterin in Methanobacterium thennoautotrophicum were analyzed by in vivo incorporation experiments of 13C labeled precursors and by enzymatic studies. M thermoautotrophicum was grown in mineral medium supplemented with 13C-Iabeled acetate, pyruvate, or methionine. Methanopterin was isolated from the cells, and the 13.C-Iabeling pattern was determined by 1H-and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The labeling patterns of amino acids and nucleosides were also determined for comparison. The results indicate that the pteridine moiety of methanopterin is derived from a purine nucleoside. Both methyl groups of methanopterin originate from methionine. The benzenoid ring of the ribitylaniline moiety is derived from the shikimate pathway, and the ribityl part from the pentose pool. Enzymatic activity of GTP cyclohydrolase I has been detected in cell-free supernatant of M. thermoautotrophicum. This indicates that the early biosynthetic steps of folic acid and methanopterin proceed via common intermediates. Both pathways start from GTP, and 6-hydroxymethyldihydropterin is the probable branching point. The ribitylaniline moiety of methanopterin is synthesized from a product of the shikimate biosynthetic pathway and a ribose derivative, most probably p-aminobenzoate and phosphoribosylpyrophosphate, by decarboxylation of the aminobenzoate.
Pteridines CII Synthesis and Characterization of Dimeric Lumazines
Authors: Koul Ashok , Wagner Thomas , Pfleiderer Wolfgang 
Published: March 2013

Summary Reduction of 1.3-dimethyllumazine (1) by zinc dust in Ac2O/AcOH leads to the formation of 6-7 connected bis-Iumazinyl derivatives. Depending on the reaction conditions either 7 -(5-acetyl-5,6, 7,8-tetrahydro-1.3-dimethyllumazin- 6-yl)-l, 3-dimethyllumazin (3) or isomeric 7 -(5-acetyl-5.6. 7.8-tetrahydro-I. 3-dimethyllumazin- 6-yl)-5-acetyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-I. 3-dimethyllumazines (2) are formed . Treatment of 3 with MeOH/HCl gave 4 which is oxidized by air to a very stable 7.8-dihydro derivative 5 showing unexpected spectra properties. Further oxidation by KMnO. afforded 6.1 -bis-I. 3-dimethyllumazinyl (6). The isomeric 6.6-(14) and 7.7 -bis-I. 3-dimethyllumazinyls (21) were also synthesized from 6-chloro-(1l) and I-chloro-I. 3-dimethyllu-mazine (18). respectively. in a nickel catalyzed dimerization reaction. The various structures were proven by spectral means. elemental analyses and an X-ray analysis of 2. Comparisons of the structural features are mainly based on UV data.
Synthesis of N -(4-propargylaminobenzoyl)-L-glutamates
Authors: Kempny Michal , Rzeszotarska Barbara , Pawelczak Krzysztof 
Published: March 2013

Summary To facilitate the rather labour consuming synthesis of antifolate γ-oligo-L-glutamates including those with the propargyl group at position N10 , two synthons possessing this group, α-t-butyl γ-methyl N-(4-propargylaminobenzoyl)- L-glutamate (1) and a-t-butyl N-(4-propargylaminobenzoyl)-L-glutamate (2) have been elaborated (Scheme 2) and characterized by melting points, elemental analysis, NMR, TLC and HPLC. They are of purity >98.5% by the last method.
Relationship among Serum hsp65 Antibodies, Neopterin, Autoantibodies and Atherosclerosis
Authors: Xu Qingbo , Wick Georg , Wachter Helmut , Reibnegger Gilbert 
Published: March 2013

Summary
A statistical reinvestigation was performed on data from two separate earlier studies, investigating heatshock protein 65 and neopterin in the same population of subjects examined for the presence of carotid atherosclerosis. Both heat-shock protein 65 and neopterin concentrations are significantly correlated with atherosclerosis, but the correlation between both biochemical analytes is low albeit significant. Neopterin, but not heat-shock protein 65 concentrations were shown to be significantly higher in women with presence of antinuclear antibodies, particularly in women older than 65 years of age. This finding seems to explain earlier observations of raised neopterin concentrations in such older women, irrespective of the presence or absence of atherosclerosis.
Effect of Sepiapterin, 7,8-Dihydrobiopterin, 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrobiopterin and Xanthopterin on Cholesterol and Phospholipid Content and Phospholipid Biosynthesis in vitro
Authors: Rudzite Vera , Jurika Edite , Baier-Bitterlich Gabriele , Wachter Helmut , Fuchs Dietmar 
Published: March 2013

Summary Incorporation of fatty acids into phospholipids has been investigated using samples of rat live tissue homogenate, Krebs-Ringer-phosphate buffer (pH = 7A) containing 0.3% albumin, farry acid mixture and glycerol. The addition of sepiapterin, 7,8-dihydrobiopterin and 5.6.7.8-tetrahydrobiopterin (5 and 30 pmol g wet weight) to incubation medium induced a decrease of saturated (stearic acid) and an increase of polyunsaturated (arachidonic acid) fatty acids incorporation into phospholipids. Cholesterol content decreased, but phospholiplid content did not change in samples containing sepiapterin, 7,8-dihydrobiopterin and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin. No changes of fatty acid incorporation into phospholipids as well as of the content of cholesterol and phospholipids were observed in samples after the addition of xanthopterin (4 and 20 nmol/g wet weight) to incubation medium for phospholipid biosynthesis in vitro. The observations made by incubation with 7,8-dihydrobiopterin, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin and sepiapterin where in opposite to those made earlier employing neopterin and using the same incubation procedure.
The Augmented Productions of Neopterin and Cytokines from Macrophages/monocytes in vitro
Authors: Lizuka Tadashi , Sasaki Mitsuyo , Kamisako Hitomi , Oishi Ko , Uemura Shigeru , Koike Michio 
Published: March 2013

Summary In Kawasaki disease patients, increases in excretion of urinary neopterin coincided with fever and monocytosis in peripheral blood. We examined the products of neopterin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and Interleukin-1 β (1L-1β) from healthy adult macrophages/monocytes (Mφ>/M), after stimulation with several activators to obtain some understanding of Kawasaki disease. Upon stimulation with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or polyinosinate-polycytidylate (Poly I:C), the Mφ/M released neopterin and pyogenic products (TNF-α or 1L-1β). The release of neopterin was eliminated by the addition of the anti-interferon-y antibody. The production of both TNF-α, 1L-1β and neopterin from Mφ/M upon stimulation of LPS was augmented in a co-culture with low dose recombinant interferon-y (rIFN-γ). Upon stimulation with rIFN-γ alone, however, the Mφ/M released neopterin but not the pyogenic products. A preliminary examination failed to detect. any difference in the response of the Mφ/M in adults annd children after stimulation with LPS. We concluded that some endotoxins could trigger the onset of Kawasaki disease and that endogenous IFN-γ can play an important role in the abnormality of Kawasaki disease patients
Tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent Production of L-DOPA in Genetically Modified Primary Fibroblasts: Basic Research of Gene Therapy for Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Ishida Akihiko , Yamashiro Katsumi , Mukawa Jiro , Hasegawa Mamoru 
Published: March 2013

Summary
Although intracerebral transplantation might become a new strategy for the treatment of neurological diseases, there are many problems for the grafts, We examined the possibilities of primary skin fibroblasts as a new graft for Parkinson's disease. Rat primary skin fibroblasts were transfected with a retrovirus vector containing eDNA of human tyrosine hydroxylast typel (TH) (pLTHSNL) or cytomegalovirus promoter (pCTHSNL) as a foreign promoter. In these genetically modified fibroblasts, catecholamine production and release were analyzed in vitro by immunocytochemistry and high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD), Being supplemented with biopterin (BH4; (6R)-L-erythro-tetrahydrobiopterin) cofactors required for TH activity, these cells produced and released L-DOPA into the culture medium. When combined with a foreign promoter and BH4, L-DOPA production increased in a timedependent manner, which was not affected by the number of cell-passages and the duration of liquid nitrogen freezing . These facts suggest that the amount of L-DOPA secreted from transplanted genetically modified fibroblasts can be manipulated by an inserted promoter the exogenously administered BH4. Thus genetically modified primary skin fibroblasts transfected with THcDNA using retrovirus vector system may hold promise as a graft for transplantation and gene therapy for Parkinson's disease.