bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of water, sanitation, hygiene, and nutritional interventions to reduce pathogenic infections and improve nutritional status in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tuba Syahrul , Pradana F. Josse Pasca , Kaizar Hafidz Ardan 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness of water, sanitation, hygiene (WASH), and nutritional interventions in reducing pathogenic infections and improving nutritional status in children. Method: Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Epistemonikos. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included, comparing interventions related to WASH and nutritional enhancements against control groups. Meta-analysis techniques were applied to analyze the impact on weight, height, and pathogenic infections. Result: WASH interventions exhibited significant reductions in weight-related outcomes (OR: 0.58) and pathogenic infections (OR: 0.40). Height outcomes showed a positive effect (OR: 0.66). Nutritional interventions indicated significant reductions in weight-related outcomes (OR: 0.33) and positive effects on height (OR: 0.27). Although a trend towards reduced pathogenic infections was observed (OR: 0.78), statistical significance was not reached. Conclusion: WASH and nutritional interventions demonstrated meaningful impacts on weight, height, and pathogenic infections in children. These findings emphasize the importance of prioritizing such interventions for enhancing child health and well-being.
Role of Artificial Intelligence in Pharmaceutical Drug Development
Authors: Narayan Aditya , Chanana Arsh , Shanker Oma , Kulkarni Yukta R. , Gupta Pooja , Patel Akhilesh , Havelikar Ujwal , Singh Ravindra Pal , Chawra Himmat Singh 
Published: July 2024

:
One of the most popular sectors in the tech and healthcare industries right now is artificial intelligence. In the search and development of new
drugs, artificial intelligence is essential. Drug design using computer-assisted design (CADD) has supplanted the traditional approach. Artificial
intelligence is assisting businesses in the development of new drugs in a faster, more affordable, and more efficient manner, saving money and
manpower in the process of creating new drug molecules to treat any disease. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis, activity
scoring, in silico testing, biomarker development, and mode of action identification are all aided by artificial intelligence. It is revolutionizing these
sectors by swiftly identifying potential drug candidates, efficiently conducting clinical trials, and customizing patient care. AI optimizes drug
manufacturing processes, augments safety monitoring, and streamlines market analysis. In clinical trials, AI streamlines patient recruitment and
ensures more precise trial designs, leading to faster and more efficient research. AI empowers personalized medicine by tailoring treatment plans
and drug dosages to individual patient characteristics. AI also optimizes pharmaceutical manufacturing processes, amplifies safety monitoring by
analyzing real-time data for adverse events, and supports market analysis and sales strategies. AI in the pharmaceutical industry is a multifaceted
tool. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to streamline complex pharmaceutical regulatory matters. Regulatory processes like audits and
dossier completion can be automated with AI tools.
Influence of Psychological Stress on the Response to Periodontal Treatment: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Vargas Villafuerte Kelly R , Palucci Vieira Luiz H , Oliveira Santos Karina 
Published: July 2024

Background
The interaction between stress and periodontal treatment is a topic of growing interest. It stands out as a field of research that sheds light on the complexity of oral health in individuals subjected to high levels of emotional stress.

Objective
This paper aims to provide a protocol for a systematic review to examine the scientific evidence related to the influence of psychological stress on the response to periodontal treatment.

Methods
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines will be followed, and the study is based on a formulation of PECO (Participants, Exposure, Comparators, and Outcomes) questions. This systematic review will involve a literature search covering studies published from January 2000 to May 2024. It will include searching the PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCOHost, Scopus, and ProQuest databases to identify relevant studies. After selection, data extraction and quality assessment (using the Ottawa-Newcastle Scale) of the included studies will be carried out. The objective is to integrate high-quality evidence on how psychological stress impacts the outcomes of periodontal treatment. Depending on the number and methodological consistency of included studies, the results may be presented by meta-analysis or qualitative synthesis.

Results
The current stage of the study consists of selecting studies for the systematic review as outlined by this protocol. The search, screening, and data extraction began in January 2024. The final results are expected by July 2024, with final manuscript submission planned for November 2024.

Conclusions
This review will help clarify how psychological factors, such as stress, influence the results of periodontal treatment, providing valuable guidelines for future research and helping clinicians make decisions about the best treatment options for patients.

Trial Registration
Open Science Framework (OSF) Registries qfs6p; https://osf.io/qfs6p

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/56765
Uji Efektivitas Daun Kelor Terhadap Shigella Dysenteriae
Authors: Karo Mellinia Alpatri Br , Ferdinanda Fransiska , Natali Oliviti , Nasution Sri Wahyun 
Published: July 2024

Penyakit diare merupakan salah satu penyakit yang masih sering terjadi di negara berkembang dan salah satu faktor penyebab terjadinya diare adalah bakteri Shigella dysenteriae. Daun kelor (Moringa oleifera Lamk) terdapat senyawa alkaloid, tanin, saponin, flavonoid, triterpen/ steroid, dan polifenol yang dilaporkan memiliki aktivitas antimikroba dan antioksidan yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas dari ekstrak daun kelor (Moringa oleifera Lamk) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Shigella dysentriae. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian Post-Test Only Control Group Design dan menggunakan metode disc diffusion dimana ekstrak diletakkan pada media MHA yang telah diinokulasi dengan bakteri Shigella dysentriae. Data yang diambil merupakan data primer yang diperoleh dengan mengamati zona hambat yang terbentuk pada konsentrasi 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, 75%. Dari hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa daun kelor (Moringa oleifera Lamk) mampu menghambat bakteri pada konsentrasi 75% dengan rata-rata zona hambat 91.1 mm.
Studi Etnobotani Jernang (Daemonorops spp.) pada Masyarakat Desa Lamban Sigatal dan Sepintun Kecamatan Pauh Kabupaten Sarolangun Jambi
Authors: Yetty Yetty , Hariyadi Bambang , Murni Pinta 
Published: July 2024

Tetapi, sejumlah faktor mengancam populasi alami jernang seperti aktivitas illegal loging yang menghilangkan pepohonan kayu sebagai media tegakkan jernang serta kerusakan habitat alami jernang.Â Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aspek etnobotani jernang termasuk upaya pembudidayaanya.Â Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara pembuatan herbarium dan identifikasi tumbuhan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya lima species jerang di kedua desa yang diamati.Di Desa Lamban Sigatal terdapat tiga jenis yaitu Daemonorops draconcella Becc., Daemonorops aff.Daemonorops propinqua Becc., Daemonorops draco Blume sedangkan di Desa Sepintun terdapat empat jenis yaitu Daemonorops aff.Daemonorops maculata J.Dransf., Daemonorops draconcella Becc., Daemonorops draco Blume dan Daemonorops propinqua Becc. Getah jernang dimanfaatkan sebagai obat luka, obat sakit gigi, obat sehabis melahirkan, dan pewarna cat. Proses pengolahan jernang yang dilakukan melalui dua tahap yaitu proses pengolahan secara kering dan proses pengolahan secara basah. Upaya pembudidayaan umumnya dilakukan dengan cara menerapkan pola tumpang sari jernang dengan tanaman karet
Penampakan Morphologi Kulit Luar Marmut Terhadap Pemberian Minyak Atsiri Tanaman Zodia Secara Rutin
Authors: Muhamat Muhamat , Hidayaturrahmah Hidayaturrahmah 
Published: July 2024

Minyak atsiri zodia merupakan salah satu minyak atsiri yang mempunyai daya penolak dari aktivitas nyamuk menghisap darah.Â Minyak tersebut dapat dikembangkan menjadi bahan pelindung tubuh maka perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang keamanan bahan ini terhadap manusia (pemakai). Karena pemakaian berhubungan langsung dengan permukaan kulit maka penelitian ini difokuskan pada pengamatan terhadap penampakan morfologi kulit akibat pemaparan minyak atsiri zodia.Â Pengujian dilakukan denga uji iritasi primer menggunakan metode Draize dengan cara mengolesi minyak atsiri konsentrasi 5% ke kulit marmut. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap hari meliputi pengamatan morfologiÂ kulit marmut secara makrokospis (eritema dan edema), perubahan warna kulit serta kehalusan kulit.Â Pengamatan juga dilakukan terhadapÂ perubahan tingkah laku selama penelitian.Â Hasil pengamatan terhadap semua sampel kulit marmut yangÂ diolesi minyak atsiri zodiaÂ tidak menunjukkan adanya tanda-tanda kerusakan kulit baik eritema maupun edema.Â Kulit yang diolesi minyak atsiri menunjukkan tekstur kulit yang lembut, mengkilat dan licin, yang berbeda dari kulit yang tidak diolesi minyak atsiri. Pengamatan perilaku marmut tidak menunjukkan adanya perilaku keracunan seperti tidak punya nafsu makan, muntah-muntah, diam atau agresif.Â Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah minyak atsiri zodia dengan konsentrasi 5% tidak menyebabkan inflamasi pada kulit marmot, bahkan kulit marmut menjadi lebih lembut dan halus.
Kemampuan Tumbuh Anakan Tumbuhan Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) pada Berbagai Taraf Penggenangan (The Growth Ability of Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) Seedling to Various of Flooding Levels)
Authors: NORSAMSI Norsamsi , FATONAH Siti , IRIANI Dyah 
Published: July 2024

This study aims to observe the response of nyamplung seedling to various of flooding levels, using a randomized block design with a single factor of five inundation treatments (control, 0 cm or equal the solil surface, 4 cm, 8 cm, 12 cm). Flooding treatment was carried out for 30 days. The observed parameters were growth rate, morphological adaptation, and injury index. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan Multi Range Taste (DMRT) in the level of 5%.Â The results showed that flooding treatment reduce the growth of nyamplung seedling (fresh weight, height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, and fesh root weight). Seedling of nyamplung able to survive on equal ground flooding level and 4 cm above the soil surface, classified as moderately tolerant plants. Seedlings were not able to survive in the flooding level of 8 cm and 12 cm, classified as sensitive plants. Morphological adaptations such as lenticels formed by 20% on equal ground surface flooding level and 60%Â on the flooding level of 4 cm.
Morbidity of medical staff depending on nutritional characteristics and use of vitamins
Authors: Medvedeva E. A. , Maryin G. G. , Svitich O. A. , Zykov K. A. , Ploskireva A. A. , Chebotareva T. A. , Gruzdeva O. A. , Nazarov D. A. , Volynkov I. O. , Leshchenko A. A. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of the study: to analyze the influence of dietary habits and the use of biologically active additives (BAAs) as a factor influencing the risk of COVID-19 in medical workers.Materials and methods: A longitudinal online study was conducted from March to April 2022. Incidence was assessed as the percentage of COVID-19 cases among the total number of respondents. Characteristics of methods for studying actual nutrition were carried out using the method of retrospective recording of nutrition (method of analysis of frequency of consumption).Results: respondents who took vitamin D in a prophylactic dosage were less likely to get sick with COVID-19 (confirmed SARS-CoV-2) – 35.9% did not get sick with SARSCoV-2; and those who didn’t take it – only 5.85%; p <0. 0001. Taking vitamin D reduced the odds (OR) of developing COVID-19 by 9.011 times (95% CI 4.581–17.710); and the relative risk of developing the disease by 46.5%. Prophylactic use of multivitamin complexes did not affect the risk of COVID-19 (p=0.14). It was found that the use of vegetables in the daily diet reduces the chance (OR) of the occurrence of clinical manifestations of a new coronavirus infection by 1.948 times (95% CI 0.845–4.492); and when consuming more than 400 grams per day – by 2.530 times (95% CI 1.015– 6.306). Daily consumption of green salads reduces the risk of disease by 29.5%.Conclusion: impaired nutritional status leads to dysregulation of inflammation and oxidative stress; increasing susceptibility to infection and the risk of worsening the disease. The role of proper nutrition should not be overlooked and the use of vitamin D as a non–specific prophylaxis supports the immune system.
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of COVID-19 in the dynamics of the disease in adults: thyroid and adrenal glands
Authors: Malikova Ya. V. , Valishin D. A. , Murzabaeva R. T. , Yapparov R. G. 
Published: July 2024

Objective: to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on the development of endocrine pathology in the studied adult patientsMaterials and methods: Clinical and laboratory studies were conducted in 166 patients aged 18-65 years with a confirmed diagnosis of coronavirus infection U07.1 (COVID-19); with moderate (140 patients) and severe (26 patients) course of the disease. The control group included 35 practically healthy individuals aged 18 to 65 years.Results: In the acute period of COVID-19; the development of subclinical hypothyroidism; low T3 syndrome; subclinical thyrotoxicosis; as well as hypoand hypercortisolemia was revealed. 6 months after discharge from the hospital on an outpatient basis; the development of thyroid pathology in 6 patients and diabetes mellitus in 5 patients was revealed in COVID-19 convalescents.
Diagnosis, Incidence and Extent of Adhesions in Buffaloes with Uterine Torsion at Referral Hospital
Authors: Prajapati R. D. , Chauhan P. M. , Prajapati A. S. , Sutaria P. T. , Vaghasiya Y. H. 
Published: July 2024

The present study was conducted to determine the incidence and extent of uterine adhesions following uterine torsion in Mehsana buffaloes. A total of 109 uterine torsion-affected buffaloes were recorded for treatment during the January, 2020 to December, 2022, and they are included in the present work. All the buffaloes were scanned by per-rectal, trans-abdominal ultrasonography and grossly inspection of the uterus during the caesarean section for the presence of adhesions and its nature of extensiveness to the uterus. The uterine adhesions through ultrasonography were predicted by the presence of fibrin bands and absent of anechoic fluid between the omentum and uterine serosa layer. Grossly, the extent of the uterine adhesions was classified as either localized or widespread type flimsy to dense in nature during the caesarean operation. The intra-operative in-situ detorsion was achieved in buffaloes with flimsy type uterine adhesions. The overall incidence of adhesions was recorded to be 29.36%. Among them, the incidence of localized type was observed in 21 buffaloes (65.62%) and widespread variety in 11 buffaloes (34.38%), either flimsy or dense. The majority of adhesions were found between the uterus and the inner omental layer. It is concluded that the incidence of uterine adhesions in uterine torsion-affected buffaloes was reported to be 29.36% using different techniques to identify the localized to widespread uterine adhesions. Further, ultrasonography can be helpful in the prediction and early detection of uterine adhesion in buffaloes with uterine torsion, which helps in better obstetrical management.
Knowledge of the sign prohibiting alcohol consumption during pregnancy among medical students in Poland – a survey study
Authors: Falek Paulina , Falek Artur , Adamczyk Tomasz , Ruchala Marcin , Towarek Justyna , Dzieciol Janusz , Morys Janusz , Walocha Jerzy , Wisniewski Marcin , Burdan Franciszek 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Signs, including pictograms, present in public space are intended to enforce a specific behavior. Due to their simplicity and unambiguity of the message, they can be an effective tool of public healthcare. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge referred to the meaning of the sign prohibiting alcohol consumption during pregnancy among first-year medical students who do not have vast knowledge at present level in this field. The study was conducted among academic youth in Poland, and assumed a 5% risk of error, hence, for p <0.05 the differences were considered statistically significant. Out of the total number, there were 1,123 questionnaire forms correctly completed and these were further selected for the final analysis, which comprised of 751 by women and 372 by men. Among the respondents, over 92% properly recognized the sign warning against the use of alcohol during pregnancy. Moreover, more than 45% declared previous contact with this sign and above 53% claimed that they already had knowledge of the sing’s meaning. The graphic form of the sign allows for its correct interpretation, thus products which may become harmful especially to pregnant women and fetus can be clearly and legibly marked.
Seasonal changes and sex differences in peripheral blood γδ T and iNKT cells in healthy Polish adults
Authors: Karamus Kornelia , Szychta Pawel , Lehman Natalia , Kowalska Wioleta , Bojarska-Junak Agnieszka , Zarobkiewicz Michal Konrad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Vitamin D regulates not only bone metabolism but also many other processes, including the functioning of lymphocytes. Human T cells have a nuclear receptor for vitamin D (VDR). Studies to date have shown significant seasonal variations in conventional T cell populations in humans living in temperate climates.

Objectives. The aim of the current paper was an assessment of seasonal changes of γδ T and iNKT cells in healthy individuals.

Material and methods. Peripheral blood was drawn from healthy volunteers – approx. 20 a month – and an additional cohort of 20 volunteers donated blood four times, once every four months. Percentages of γδ T and iNKT cells was assessed with flow cytometry.

Results. A pronounced accumulation of iNKT cells was noted in spring, the differences in γδ T cells were less notable. Vitamin D significantly hampers γδ T proliferation in vitro. Conclusions. In the presented article, we show seasonal variability within two populations of unconventional T lymphocytes – γδ T and iNKT.
The relationship between foreign direct investment and trade openness: Evidence from six developed economies
Authors: Yeboah Evans 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work
In recent years, the competition for economic dominance globally has led developed economies increasingly to focus on outward foreign direct investment (FDI) and exports to other developing nations. However, there has been a notable research gap, with most studies concentrating on assessing the significance of FDI and trade openness in developing countries, while less attention has been paid to developed countries. This study explores the relationship between FDI and trade openness with economic growth in six developed economies.

Material and methods
Utilising annual data spanning from 1990 to 2022 from the World Bank, the study employs the panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method for analysis.

Results
The estimated results indicate a negative long-run relationship and a positive short-run effect of FDI in the selected economies. Furthermore, the findings reveal a positive long-run association and a negative short-run impact of trade openness. The causality test indicated a bidirectional relationship between trade openness and economic growth.

Conclusions
The study suggests that various governments should enhance their investment environments to leverage the benefits of FDI inflows.
Discovering hidden treasures: unveiling a new population of the narrow endemic Hieracium lucidum Guss. (Asteraceae) on the Mounts of Palermo (NW Sicily, Italy)
Authors: Pasta S. , Gristina A. S. , Marcenò C. , de Simone L. , Garfì G. , Giacalone G. , Ilardi V. , Kozlowski G. , Scuderi L. , Guarino R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The authors discovered a new population of Hieracium lucidum Guss., a species hitherto considered strictly endemic to Monte Gallo. Useful elements for the ecological characterisation of the new population are provided. The stretch of carbonate coastline between the Egadi Islands and the western portion of the Province of Palermo displays a very high wealth of valuable floristic elements and represents an unicum in terms of both phytogeography and ecology. Considering the extreme fragmentation of the distribution pattern of many endemic and exclusive species that characterise this district, as in the case of H. lucidum, the authors suggest upgrading the strategies to protect the local botanical heritage, going beyond the species approach and thinking on a wider territorial scale.
Comparative Analysis of Phonetic Errors in Speech of Qolloquial in Arabic Song by Non Arabic Speakers
Authors: Nisa Andini Zahrotun , Al Farisi Mohamad Zaka , Maulani Hikmah , Auliya Zahra 
Published: July 2024

The Egyptian Qolloquial Arabic is widely used to articulate Arabic song lyrics, which have phonological differences that can alter the sounds of spoken words. These differences occur in specific phonemes, including the phonem [q] and [ʤ] changing to the phonemes [ʔ] and [ɣ]. This research employs a comparative qualitative method and document analysis through Pra at analysis to obtain visualization results of speech sound errors when pronouncing the phonemes [ʔ] and [ɣ]. Them form of speech sound errors in this study is obtained through a comparative analysis of the phoneme sounds of Native Speaker and Non Arabic Speakers. The data on speech errors were collected from four stanzas of Egyptian Qolloquial Arabic song lyrics. The results of this study show substitution errors of the phoneme [ʔ], which canges into the phoneme [ʕ]. Meanwhile, the pronounciation of the phoneme [ɣ] is articulated like the phonem [g] in Indonesian. This study also shows errors related to the addition and deletion of speech sounds at the beginning of words. These errors refer to the phonetic structure components, including the nature and articulation area of the phoneme, as well as the acoustic components in the fundamental frequency and sound intensity. This research is a novelty in Arabic linguistics by comparatively analyzing phoneme speech errors of Non Arabic Speakers when articulating Arabic songs. Therefore, it is hoped that future research can develop studies that analyze vocal speech errors in using Egyptian Qolloquial Arabic when articulating other Arabic songs.