bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Synthesis of N‐Substituted Pyrrolo[1,2‐a]pyrazin‐1(2H)‐one Derivatives via Alkyne Cyclization.
Authors: Cetinkaya Yasin , Balci Metin 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe preparation of the substrates is described, and examination of the reaction mechanism is supported by DFT calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile, One‐Pot Synthesis of New Phenanthridine Derivatives Through 1,4‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Phenantridine, Activated Acetylenes, and Aromatic Aldehydes.
Authors: Mehrabi Hossein , Hatami‐Pour Mahdi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe title compounds are obtained under mild reaction conditions with high stereoselectivity and tolerance to various functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,5‐Benzodiazepine Derivatives Containing 1,2,3‐Triazole Moiety via 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction.
Authors: Dong Zhi‐Qiang , Shi Hai , Chen Sen‐Lin , Chen Hong‐Xiang , Jiang Wei‐Bin , Liu Fang‐Ming , Hong Mei‐Lin 
Published: April 2015

Abstract12 Title compounds of type (V) are prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: An Elegant Microwave Assisted One‐Pot Synthesis of Di(α‐aminophosphonate) Pesticides.
Authors: Chandra Sekhar Reddy Gangireddy , Radha Rani Chinthaparthi , Veera Narayana Reddy Mudumala , Suresh Reddy Cirandur 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTen di(α‐aminophosphonates) are synthesized and evaluated towards their pesticidal activity with (IVb) showing the highest activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Lycopodium Alkaloids from Huperzia serrata.
Authors: Ying You‐Min , Liu Xiao‐Sa , Tong Cui‐Ping , Wang Jian‐Wei , Zhan Zha‐Jun , Shan Wei‐Guang 
Published: April 2015

Abstractisolation, structure elucidation, AChE‐ and α‐glucosidase inhibitory activities of three new lycopodium alkaloids, huperserramines A—C (I)—(III) along with 15 known related compounds
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Asymmetric Mannich Cyclization of Hydroxylactams with Acetals: Total Syntheses of (‐)‐Epilupinine, (‐)‐Tashiromine, and (‐)‐Trachelanthamidine.
Authors: Koley Dipankar , Krishna Yarkali , Srinivas Kyatham , Khan Afsar Ali , Kant Ruchir 
Published: April 2015

Abstract(‐)‐Tashiromine (XV), (‐)‐trachelanthamidine (XVI) and (‐)‐epilupinine (XVII) can be easily prepared from precursors (IIa), (V), and (IXa).
ChemInform Abstract: A Rapid and Divergent Access to Chiral Azacyclic Nucleoside Analogues via Highly Enantioselective 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of β‐Nucleobase Substituted Acrylates.
Authors: Yang Qi‐Liang , Xie Ming‐Sheng , Xia Chao , Sun Huan‐Li , Zhang Dan‐Jie , Huang Ke‐Xin , Guo Zhen , Qu Gui‐Rong , Guo Hai‐Ming 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA novel protocol for an asymmetric 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides with β‐nucleobase acrylates gives access to chiral azacyclic nucleosides.
ChemInform Abstract: Ten New Calyxins from Alpinia katsumadai: A Systematically Studies on the Stereochemistry of Calyxins.
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Bing , Yang Chang‐Shui , Zhang Chao , Luo Jun , Yang Ming‐Hua , Luo Jian‐Guang , Yu Wen‐Ying , Kong Ling‐Yi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTen new calyxins such as (I), (II), and (III) are isolated from the seeds of Alpinia katsumadai.
ChemInform Abstract: Towards Solvent‐Controlled Reactivity in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Yau Hon Man , Keaveney Sinead T. , Butler Bradley J. , Tanner Eden E. L. , Guerry Max S. , George Stephen R. D. , Dunn Michelle H. , Croft Anna K. , Harper Jason B. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractReview: 41 refs.
Neue Wege der standardkonformen Gesamtprozesssteuerung in der Life Science Automation
Authors: Göde Bernd , Holzmüller‐Laue Silke , Thurow Kerstin 
Published: April 2015

AbstractFür die flexible Workflowautomation unter Einbeziehung hybrider und heterogener Automations‐ und IT‐Systeme wird ein neuer Lösungsansatz vorgestellt. Er beruht auf der 2013 zum ISO‐Standard erhobenen Prozessnotation (BPMN 2.0). Gegenstand der drei vorgestellten, verallgemeinerbaren Prototypanwendungen ist die Life Science Automation. Das Potenzial von BPMN als Automationssprache wird dabei unter drei Gesichtspunkten betrachtet: dem durchgängigen Workflowsteuerungsansatz (Ende‐zu‐Ende‐Prinzip), dem Unterstützungspotenzial von manuellen Prozessschritten zwischen automatisierten Abläufen und der Erschließung der Workflowautomation in Entwicklungsprozessen.
Parametrische Empfindlichkeit einer stark exothermen Reaktion im Kapillarwendelreaktor
Authors: Gelhausen Marius Gerrit , Kurt Safa Kutup , Kockmann Norbert 
Published: April 2015

AbstractZum sicheren Betrieb stark exothermer Reaktionen bieten sich mikrostrukturierte Apparate besonders durch intensiven Wärmetransport an. Kapillarwendelreaktoren haben eine enge Verweilzeitverteilung und eignen sich für reaktionstechnische Untersuchungen, da Nichtidealitäten im Stofftransport vernachlässigbar sind. Dieser Reaktortyp wurde für die Studie der parametrischen Sensitivität verwendet, um Ansätze zur Vorhersage sensitiven Verhaltens nach Semenov, Renken und Gray zu untersuchen. Das Semenov‐Diagramm wurde dazu mithilfe der Lambert‐W‐Funktion in ein Betriebsdiagramm überführt. Die Oxidation von Natriumthiosulfat mit Wasserstoffperoxid diente als stark exotherme Reaktion, um den Ansatz nach Renken experimentell zu untersuchen.
Preliminary patient‐reported outcomes analysis of 3‐dimensional radiation therapy versus intensity‐modulated radiation therapy on the high‐dose arm of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0126 prostate cancer trial
Authors: Bruner Deborah W. , Hunt Daniel , Michalski Jeff M. , Bosch Walter R. , Galvin James M. , Amin Mahul , Xiao Canhua , Bahary Jean‐Paul , Patel Malti , Chafe Susan , Rodrigues George , Lau Harold , Duclos Marie , Baikadi Madhava , Deshmukh Snehal , Sandler Howard M. 
Published: April 2015

BACKGROUNDThe authors analyzed a preliminary report of patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) among men who received high‐dose radiation therapy (RT) on Radiation Therapy Oncology Group study 0126 (a phase 3 dose‐escalation trial) with either 3‐dimensional conformal RT (3D‐CRT) or intensity‐modulated RT (IMRT).METHODSPatients in the 3D‐CRT group received 55.8 gray (Gy) to the prostate and proximal seminal vesicles and were allowed an optional field reduction; then, they received 23.4 Gy to the prostate only. Patients in the IMRT group received 79.2 Gy to the prostate and proximal seminal vesicles. PROs were assessed at 0 months (baseline), 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months and included bladder and bowel function assessed with the Functional Alterations due to Changes in Elimination (FACE) instrument and erectile function assessed with the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). Analyses included the patients who completed all data at baseline and for at least 1 follow‐up assessment, and the results were compared with an imputed data set.RESULTSOf 763 patients who were randomized to the 79.2‐Gy arm, 551 patients and 595 patients who responded to the FACE instrument and 505 patients and 577 patients who responded to the IIEF were included in the completed and imputed analyses, respectively. There were no significant differences between modalities for any of the FACE or IIEF subscale scores or total scores at any time point for either the completed data set or the imputed data set.CONCLUSIONSDespite significant reductions in dose and volume to normal structures using IMRT, this robust analysis of 3D‐CRT and IMRT demonstrated no difference in patient‐reported bowel, bladder, or sexual functions for similar doses delivered to the prostate and proximal seminal vesicles with IMRT compared with 3D‐CRT delivered either to the prostate and proximal seminal vesicles or to the prostate alone. Cancer 2015;121:2422–2430. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Spectroscopic and Photophysical Characterization of Acetylenic Fluorophores: The Role of the Proximity Effect on Increasing Internal Conversion
Authors: Flamini Rebecca , Marrocchi Assunta , Spalletti Anna 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe spectroscopic and photophysical behavior of a series of six extended arylacetylenes and one 1,3‐diyne derivative was studied in solvents of different polarity to gain insight into the relationships between molecular architecture and optical/photophysical properties. The radiative decay channel was revealed to be the most important one for all the compounds, particularly in nonpolar solvents. A notable fluoro‐solvatochromism was observed for the 1,3‐diyne derivative in line with the large increase of its dipole moment under excitation. A peculiar behavior was observed for nitro‐substituted aryl acetylenes on increasing solvent polarity, which was explained by the presence of an upper forbidden singlet state (S2) that is more polar than the allowed S1 state; this was confirmed by quantum mechanical calculations. The large decrease of the S2–S1 energy gap in a moderately polar solvent causes a strong increase of S1–S0 internal conversion to the detriment of fluorescence, which is in agreement with Lim’s proximity effect model.
Evaluation of the Sorbent Properties of Single‐ and Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Volatile Organic Compounds through Thermal Desorption–Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Wong Gwendeline K. S. , Lim Li Zhen , Lim Marcus Jun Wen , Ong Li Lin , Khezri Bahareh , Pumera Martin , Webster Richard D. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess well‐defined structural and chemical characteristics coupled with a large surface area that makes them ideal as sorbent materials for applications where adsorption processes are required. The adsorption properties of carboxylated derivatives of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (COOH‐MWCNT) and singlewalled carbon nanotubes (COOH‐SWCNT), together with their nonfunctionalized counterparts (MWCNT and SWCNT) for 48 common atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were determined using thermal desorption–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (TD‐GCMS). The CNTs exhibited similar recoveries for many of the VOCs compared to the standard sorbent materials, Carbopack X and Tenax TA. However, VOCs with electron donor–acceptor (EDA) properties such as carbonyls, alkenes, and alcohols exhibited poorer recoveries on all CNTs compared to Carbopack X and Tenax TA. The poor recoveries of VOCs from the CNTs has important implications for the long term use and storage of CNTs, because it demonstrates that they will become progressively more contaminated with common atmospheric VOCs, therefore potentially affecting their surface‐based properties.
Water‐Soluble MoS3 Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic H2 Evolution
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhou Tianhua , Zheng Jianwei , Hong Jindui , Pan Yunxiang , Xu Rong 
Published: April 2015

AbstractPolyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)‐modified MoS3 nanoparticles with unusual water solubility up to 1.0 mg mL−1 were synthesized through a facile hydrothermal method in the presence of thioacetic acid. The amorphous nanoparticles wrapped by PVP have sizes of around 2.5 nm, which represent the smallest MoS3 clusters reported. The photocatalytic performance of the MoS3 nanoparticles was evaluated under visible light for H2 evolution using xanthene dyes as photosensitizers. The quantum efficiency of the optimized system for H2 evolution under green light irradiation (520 nm) is up to 36.2 %, which is comparable with those of other excellent photocatalytic systems involving earth‐abundant catalysts. The excellent photocatalytic activity can be attributed to its good dispersion in water, amorphous nature and limited layers with abundant surface active sites, and possibly higher conduction band potential for proton reduction and larger indirect band gap for a longer lifetime of the excited electrons.
Superior Lithium Storage Performance using Sequentially Stacked MnO2/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Electrodes
Authors: Kim Sue Jin , Yun Young Jun , Kim Ki Woong , Chae Changju , Jeong Sunho , Kang Yongku , Choi Si‐Young , Lee Sun Sook , Choi Sungho 
Published: April 2015

AbstractHybrid nanostructures based on graphene and metal oxides hold great potential for use in high‐performance electrode materials for next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries. Herein, a new strategy to fabricate sequentially stacked α‐MnO2/reduced graphene oxide composites driven by surface‐charge‐induced mutual electrostatic interactions is proposed. The resultant composite anode exhibits an excellent reversible charge/discharge capacity as high as 1100 mA h g−1 without any traceable capacity fading, even after 100 cycles, which leads to a high rate capability electrode performance for lithium ion batteries. Thus, the proposed synthetic procedures guarantee a synergistic effect of multidimensional nanoscale media between one (metal oxide nanowire) and two dimensions (graphene sheet) for superior energy‐storage electrodes.
A 9‐bit successive approximation ADC in SOI CMOS operating up to 300 °C
Authors: Zou Lei , Pathrose Jerrin , Je Minkyu 
Published: April 2015

SummaryIndustrial electronics are in great demand for oil and gas exploration, well drilling, and automotive applications where the operating temperature goes beyond 200 °C. Circuit designs using conventional complementary metal–oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology are mostly rated at maximum of 125 °C, which is not suitable for harsh environment. In this paper, a high‐temperature (HT) 9‐bit successive approximation register analog‐to‐digital converter (SAR ADC) designed in silicon‐on‐insolation CMOS technology with a sampling rate of 50 kS/s is presented. The design considerations of the HT SAR ADC are discussed from process selection, temperature‐aware circuit design, and measurement perspectives. The ADC achieves an effective number of bit (ENOB) of 8.35 bits and a figure of merit of 93 pJ/step at room temperature. Under HT test, ENOBs of 7.3 bits at 225 °C and 6.9 bits at 300 °C are obtained. The power consumption is 1.52 mW from a 5‐V supply at room temperature and only 2.17 mW at 300 °C. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of Gap Spacing between Dielectric Barriers in Atmospheric Pressure Discharges
Authors: Iqbal M. M. , Turner M. M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe breakdown activity in helium atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma is strongly modified by introducing small impurities (nitrogen (N2) and air in ppm), although its precise implications for the behavior of discharge plasma is not evident under several constraints. In this simulation study, we investigate the influence of gap spacing between the dielectric barriers to explore the dynamic modification in the structure of discharge plasma in distinct phases of the discharge current pulse using a two‐dimensional fluid model in He‐air gas mixture. Specifically, the impact of nitrogen and air impurities is contrasted by exploring the spatial distributions of electrons in the breakdown phase under similar operating conditions. The filamentary mode of DBD plasma in He‐N2 is transformed into uniform glow discharge in He‐air gas mixture by the dominant effect of Penning ionization. Finally, the outcomes of two‐dimensional fluid model are validated by comparing with three‐dimensional fluid model to provide the reliability of numerical simulations. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Assessment of modulated cytostatic drug resistance by automated γH2AX analysis
Authors: Reddig Annika , Lorenz Sebastian , Hiemann Rico , Guttek Karina , Hartig Roland , Heiserich Lisa , Eberle Caroline , Peters Vanessa , Schierack Peter , Sack Ulrich , Roggenbuck Dirk , Reinhold Dirk 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe efficacy of many chemotherapeutic agents relies on the preferential destruction of rapidly dividing cancer cells by inducing various kinds of DNA damage. The most deleterious type of DNA lesions are DNA double‐strand breaks (DSB), which can be detected by immunofluorescence staining of phosphorylated histone protein H2AX (γH2AX). Furthermore, γH2AX has been suggested as clinical pharmacodynamic biomarker in chemotherapeutic cancer treatment. A great challenge in treating neoplastic diseases is the varying response behavior among cancer patients. Thus, intrinsic or drug‐induced overexpression of efflux pumps often leads to multiple drug resistance (MDR) and treatment failure. In particular, inter‐individual differences in expression levels of efflux pumps, such as the permeability glycoprotein (P‐gp), were shown to correlate with cancer progression. Several efficient cytostatic drugs, including the DSB‐inducing agent etoposide (ETP) are known P‐gp substrates. In this respect, modulation of MDR by P‐gp inhibitors, like the immunosuppressives cyclosporine A (CsA) and rapamycin (Rapa) have been described. Here, we investigated the application of γH2AX focus assay to monitor the impact of CsA and Rapa on ETP‐induced cytotoxicity in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Evaluation of γH2AX foci was performed by the automated fluorescence microscopy and interpretation system AKLIDES. Compared to ETP treatment alone, our results revealed a significant rise in γH2AX focus number and percentage of DSB‐positive cells after cells have been treated with ETP in the presence of either CsA or Rapa. In contrast, DSB levels of cells incubated with CsA or Rapa alone were comparable to focus number of untreated cells. Our results successfully demonstrated how automated γH2AX analysis can be used as fast and reliable approach to monitor drug resistance and the impact of MDR modulators during treatment with DSB‐inducing cytostatics. © 2015 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Predictors of hypophosphatemia during refeeding of patients with severe anorexia nervosa
Authors: Brown Carrie A. , Sabel Allison L. , Gaudiani Jennifer L. , Mehler Philip S. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTObjectiveHypophosphatemia of refeeding is one of the most dangerous complications seen during the treatment of patients with anorexia nervosa. Although easily detectable and treatable, hypophosphatemia is under‐recognized as a complication of refeeding. Specific risk factors for the development of hypophosphatemia are likely to exist among patients with severe anorexia nervosa. The purpose of this study was to identify clinically useful markers that may predict the development of or protection from hypophosphatemia during refeeding.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective case‐control study of 123 patients with severe anorexia nervosa admitted for medical stabilization at the ACUTE Center for Eating Disorders between October 1, 2008 and December 31, 2013. Risk factors for refeeding hypophosphatemia were determined by multivariate logistic regression from clinical parameters and laboratory values measured at the time of admission.ResultsThe prevalence of hypophosphatemia was 33.3% (41 of 123 patients). Higher hemoglobin was the only risk factor associated with a higher odds of developing hypophosphatemia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.56 [95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12–2.18]). Statistically significant protective factors against the development of hypophosphatemia were observed with higher body mass index (aOR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.39–0.75]), higher serum potassium (aOR, 0.29 [95% CI, 0.14–0.62]), and higher serum prealbumin (aOR, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.84–0.99]).DiscussionFour independent factors associated with refeeding hypophosphatemia were identified. Identification of findings which correlate with hypophosphatemia, or the lack thereof, has the potential to facilitate appropriate triage of patients with anorexia nervosa for closer monitoring during refeeding. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:898–904).
Predicting dispersal of auto‐gyrating fruit in tropical trees: a case study from theDipterocarpaceae
Authors: Smith James R. , Bagchi Robert , Ellens Judith , Kettle Chris J. , Burslem David F. R. P. , Maycock Colin R. , Khoo Eyen , Ghazoul Jaboury 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSeed dispersal governs the distribution of plant propagules in the landscape and hence forms the template on which density‐dependent processes act. Dispersal is therefore a vital component of many species coexistence and forest dynamics models and is of applied value in understanding forest regeneration. Research on the processes that facilitate forest regeneration and restoration is given further weight in the context of widespread loss and degradation of tropical forests, and provides impetus to improve estimates of seed dispersal for tropical forest trees. South‐East Asian lowland rainforests, which have been subject to severe degradation, are dominated by trees of the Dipterocarpaceae family which constitute over 40% of forest biomass. Dipterocarp dispersal is generally considered to be poor given their large, gyration‐dispersed fruits. However, there is wide variability in fruit size and morphology which we hypothesize mechanistically underpins dispersal potential through the lift provided to seeds mediated by the wings. We explored experimentally how the ratio of fruit wing area to mass (“inverse wing loading,”IWL) explains variation in seed dispersal kernels among 13 dipterocarp species by releasing fruit from a canopy tower. Horizontal seed dispersal distances increased withIWL, especially at high wind speeds. Seed dispersal of all species was predominantly local, with 90% of seed dispersing <10 m, although maximum dispersal distances varied widely among species. We present a generic seed dispersal model for dipterocarps based on attributes of seed morphology and provide modeled seed dispersal kernels for all dipterocarp species withIWLs of 1–50, representing 75% of species in Borneo.
Which is the First Electric Vehicle?
Authors: Morimoto Masayuki 
Published: April 2015

SUMMARYThe world's first electric vehicle is discussed. It is said that the first experiment on an electric vehicle was performed in the middle of the 1830s, just after the discovery of Faraday's law. Therefore, this era is called the age of invention for applications of the electric motor, one of them being the electric vehicle. There are numerous theories, rumors, and opinions about the first electric vehicle. Here, I will clarify which experiment should be called the first experiment on an electric vehicle.
Blended Instruction Utilizing Mobile Tools in English Teaching at Colleges of Technology
Authors: Ono Yuichi , Ishihara Manabu , Yamashiro Mitsuo 
Published: April 2015

SUMMARYThis paper presents a new blended instruction model incorporating mobile‐based e‐Learning into a traditional nonwired classroom in foreign language teaching. The mobile tool adopted is iPod Touch. Our lesson was designed on the basis of the motivational model proposed by John M. Keller, which is widely known as the ARCS model. Our study considers the effect of this teaching model on students' vocabulary retention and oral speaking ability, and evaluates the course model in terms of the ARCS model, conducted at a Japanese national college of technology. The results suggest that the course stimulated the learners' interest sufficiently and changed the attitude of their learning strategies in a more communicative direction.