bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elaborative encoding during REM dreaming as prospective emotion regulation
Authors: Westermann Stefan , Paulus Frieder M. , Müller-Pinzler Laura , Krach Sören 
Published: November 2013

AbstractRapid eye movement (REM) dreaming results in “emotionally intelligent encoding,” according to the target article. Building on this, we argue that elaborative encoding alters emotional processing of upcoming events and thereby functions as prospective emotion regulation. After elaborative encoding, future events are appraised differently and result in a redirected emotional response. Disturbed elaborative encoding might be relevant for emotional dysregulation in psychopathology.
Learning by doing: the role of financial experience in financial literacy
Authors: Frijns Bart , Gilbert Aaron , Tourani-Rad Alireza 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn this paper, we examine the impact of financial experience on financial literacy. Exploiting a unique feature of New Zealand, whereby domestic students can obtain interest-free student loans and can fully participate in the national retirement scheme while international students cannot, we employ an instrumental variables approach to identify the causal effect of financial experience on financial literacy. We conduct surveys on a sample of 338 business students and find that there is a positive and causal effect of financial experience on financial literacy. Our results have important implications for financial education programmes and may explain why many of these programmes to date have had limited success.
The effects of audiovisual support on EFL learners’ productive vocabulary
Authors: Hsu Wenhua 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis study concerned multiple exposures to English before writing and aimed to explore the possibility of an increase in free active vocabulary with a focus on latent productive vocabulary beyond the first 2,000 most frequent words. The researcher incorporated online video into her college freshman composition class and examined its effects on non-basic vocabulary use. To activate previously known vocabulary, a variety of audiovisual modes before writing were applied to four groups alternately: (1) video with captions, (2) video without captions, (3) silent video with captions, and (4) video with screen off (soundtrack only). The results show that the writing involving non-captioned videos contained a higher percentage of advanced vocabulary than that with the other three conditions (specifically, 12.45% versus 11.33% with captioned videos, 5.2% with silent but captioned videos and 8.63% with audio only). Drawing upon the dual-coding theory, this study also points out some pedagogical implications for a video-based writing course.
Social class, cluster simplification and following context: Sociolinguistic variation in word-final post-obstruent liquid deletion in French
Authors: BOUGHTON ZOË 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTThis article is a quantitative study of the variable deletion of post-obstruent /l/ and /R/ in word-final obstruent-liquid clusters (OLC) in French (capable [kapab(l)], cidre [sid(ʁ)]). The analysis of over a thousand tokens extracted from a corpus of interviews gathered in Nancy and Rennes shows that the reduction of word-final OLCs is a stable sociolinguistic marker in northern, standardised metropolitan French. Patterns of stylistic and social stratification in age, gender, and social class and interaction with following phonological context are attested, but OLC reduction does not appear to be an ongoing change. It is argued that the data provide further evidence of variable morpheme-final consonant clusters as a ‘primitive’ feature of vernacular dialects.
Croatian clinical epidemiological study (2008–2011): the use of standardised risk scores in paediatric congenital cardiac surgery for a case complexity selection and gradual progress of cardiosurgical model in developing countries
Authors: Dilber Daniel , Malčić Ivan , Dasović Buljević Andrea , Anić Darko , Belina Dražen , Zovko Ana 
Published: November 2013

AbstractObjective: By employing the widely used and accepted methodologies of case-mix complexity adjustment in congenital cardiac surgery, we tried to evaluate our performance and use the ABC scores for a case complexity selection that may have different outcomes in various centres. Methods: We analysed outcomes of cardiac surgical procedures – with or without cardiopulmonary bypass – performed in our institution between January, 2008 and December, 2011. Data were collected from the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery database. Together with prospective collection of these data, the data of all patients sent abroad to foreign cardiosurgical centres were recorded. Results: During the period of study, 634 operations were performed; among them, 60% were performed in Croatia and 40% in foreign cardiosurgical centres. The number of operations performed in Croatia showed a linear increase: 55, 78, 121, and 126 operations performed in the years 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2011, respectively. Early mortality rates were 1.82%, 5.41%, 3.64%, and 3.48% in 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2011, respectively. The increase in the number of operations was followed by a satisfactory low average mortality rate of 3.85%. The mean ABC score complexity for operations performed in Croatia was 5.77. We determined a linear correlation between ABC score and early mortality, especially for the more complex operations. Conclusion: The use of standardised risk scores allows selection of complex cardiac diseases, which may have very different outcomes in various centres. In our case, those with higher ABC scores were correctly identified and referred for treatment abroad. In this way, we allowed gradual progress of the cardiosurgical model in Croatia and maintained an enviably low mortality rate.
Reduced long-term exercise capacity in young adults operated for ventricular septal defect
Authors: Heiberg Johan , Laustsen Sussie , Petersen Annemette K. , Hjortdal Vibeke E. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundVentricular septal defects are normally closed in early childhood, and post-surgically the patients are considered as healthy and fit as their peers. However, data are inconsistent. We exercise-tested a cohort of ventricular septal defect-operated patients and a group of matched controls to evaluate long-term physical fitness.MethodsCardiopulmonary exercise capacity was tested on an ergometer cycle in 30 patients and 30 healthy age and gender-matched controls. Pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange were simultaneously measured breath-by-breath with Jaeger MasterScreen CPX® (CareFusion, San Diego, United States of America). During the test session, respiratory gas exchange was measured along with heart rate, blood pressure, and electrocardiogram. The endpoints were peak oxygen uptake, maximal workload, and ventilatory anaerobic threshold. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the SF-36 were applied for Health-Related Quality-of-Life assessment.ResultsVentricular septal defect-operated adults had a markedly lower peak oxygen uptake: mean 38.0(±8.2 ml O2/kg/minute) versus 47.9(±6.5 ml O2/kg/minute) in controls, p<0.01. Furthermore, ventilatory anaerobic threshold was impaired in ventricular septal defect patients: mean 25.3(±7.8 ml O2/kg/minute) versus 35.2(±7.7 ml O2/kg/minute) in controls, p<0.01. Maximal workload was reduced: mean 3.3(±0.7 W/kg) versus 4.0(±0.5 W/kg) in the control group, p<0.01. Lastly, ventricular septal defect patients had a significantly lower peak heart rate: mean 182(±8.8 beats/minute) versus 188(±9.0 beats/minute) in controls, p=0.03. Regarding Health-Related Quality of Life, the ventricular septal defect group had significantly lower scores in physical functioning, role physical, and social functioning.ConclusionYoung adults with a surgically closed ventricular septal defect had a markedly reduced cardiopulmonary exercise capacity and a lower peak heart rate compared with controls.
Association between N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and quality of life in adult patients with congenital heart disease
Authors: Younge John O. , Eindhoven Jannet A. , Utens Elisabeth W. M. J. , Opić Petra , Cuypers Judith A. A. E. , van den Bosch Annemien E. , Witsenburg Maarten , van Domburg Ron T. , Hunink M. G. Myriam , Roos-Hesselink Jolien W. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAims: Advances in medical treatment have resulted in increased life expectancy in congenital heart disease. Consequently, the focus of management has shifted from reducing mortality to reducing long-term morbidity with the goal of improving quality of life. A predictor of quality of life might be N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, a well-established marker for heart failure. We aimed to determine the association between N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and quality of life in patients with congenital heart disease. Methods: We collected blood samples from consecutive patients who were initially operated between 1968 and 1980 (47.8% women; mean age 40.2±5.4 years). The 36-item Short-Form Health Survey was completed to assess subjective health status as a measure of quality of life. Analysis was performed for the entire group and for subgroups defined as simple versus complex congenital heart diseases. Median N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide level was 15.2 pmol/L (overall range 1.3–299.3 pmol/L). N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels were associated with the subdomain physical functioning (β=−0.074, p=0.031). This association remained significant after adjustment for age and sex (β=−0.071, p=0.038) and after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, left ventricular function, and renal function (β=−0.069, p=0.048). In complex congenital heart disease, the association between N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and physical functioning remained significant in multivariable analysis (β=−0.076, p=0.046). No associations were found in the simple congenital heart disease group or on the other health status subdomains. Conclusion: In adults operated for congenital heart disease, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide is associated with the subdomain physical, primarily in the complex subgroup.
Economic growth and the transition from non-renewable to renewable energy
Authors: Greiner Alfred , Gruene Lars , Semmler Willi 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe paper considers the transition of an economy from non-renewable to renewable energy. We set up a canonical growth model with damages in the household's welfare function and two energy sources – non-renewable and renewable energy. To produce renewable energy a capital stock must be built up. A socially optimal solution is considered that takes into account the negative externality from the non-renewable energy. We also study how the optimal solution can be mimicked in a market economy by policies using subsidies and tax rates. To solve the model numerically, we use Nonlinear Model Predictive Control. We study when a transition to renewable energy takes place and whether it occurs before the non-renewable resource is exhausted. In addition, we analyze the impact of the initial values of the non-renewable resource and of the capital stock on the time of paths of the variables.
HCV NS3 protease enhances liver fibrosis via binding to and activating TGF-β type I receptor
Authors: Sakata Kotaro , Hara Mitsuko , Terada Takaho , Watanabe Noriyuki , Takaya Daisuke , Yaguchi So-ichi , Matsumoto Takehisa , Matsuura Tomokazu , Shirouzu Mikako , Yokoyama Shigeyuki , Yamaguchi Tokio , Miyazawa Keiji , Aizaki Hideki , Suzuki Tetsuro , Wakita Takaji , Imoto Masaya , Kojima Soichi 
Published: November 2013

AbstractViruses sometimes mimic host proteins and hijack the host cell machinery. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes liver fibrosis, a process largely mediated by the overexpression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and collagen, although the precise underlying mechanism is unknown. Here, we report that HCV non-structural protein 3 (NS3) protease affects the antigenicity and bioactivity of TGF-β2 in (CAGA)9-Luc CCL64 cells and in human hepatic cell lines via binding to TGF-β type I receptor (TβRI). Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α facilitates this mechanism by increasing the colocalization of TβRI with NS3 protease on the surface of HCV-infected cells. An anti-NS3 antibody against computationally predicted binding sites for TβRI blocked the TGF-β mimetic activities of NS3 in vitro and attenuated liver fibrosis in HCV-infected chimeric mice. These data suggest that HCV NS3 protease mimics TGF-β2 and functions, at least in part, via directly binding to and activating TβRI, thereby enhancing liver fibrosis.
Rediscovering the genus Lyticum, multiflagellated symbionts of the order Rickettsiales
Authors: Boscaro Vittorio , Schrallhammer Martina , Benken Konstantin A. , Krenek Sascha , Szokoli Franziska , Berendonk Thomas U. , Schweikert Michael , Verni Franco , Sabaneyeva Elena V. , Petroni Giulio 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAmong the bacterial symbionts harbored by the model organism Paramecium, many still lack a recent investigation that includes a molecular characterization. The genus Lyticum consists of two species of large-sized bacteria displaying numerous flagella, despite their inability to move inside their hosts' cytoplasm. We present a multidisciplinary redescription of both species, using the deposited type strains as well as newly collected material. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, we assigned Lyticum to the order Rickettsiales, that is intensely studied because of its pathogenic representatives and its position as the extant group most closely related to the mitochondrial ancestor. We provide conclusive proofs that at least some Rickettsiales possess actual flagella, a feature that has been recently predicted from genomic data but never confirmed. We give support to the hypothesis that the mitochondrial ancestor could have been flagellated and provide the basis for further studies on these ciliate endosymbionts.
Suppression of abdominal aortic aneurysm formation by inhibition of prolyl hydroxylase domain protein through attenuation of inflammation and extracellular matrix disruption
Authors: Watanabe Aya , Ichiki Toshihiro , Sankoda Chikahiro , Takahara Yusuke , Ikeda Jiro , Inoue Eriko , Tokunou Tomotake , Kitamoto Shiro , Sunagawa Kenji 
Published: November 2013

In the present study we sought to determine the effect of CoCl2, an inhibitor of PHD (prolyl hydroxylase domain protein), on the development of AAA (abdominal aortic aneurysm). AAA was induced in C57BL/6 mice by periaortic application of CaCl2 (AAA group). NaCl (0.9%)-treated mice were used as a sham control (SHAM group). Mice were treated with 0.05% CoCl2 in the drinking water (AAA/CoCl2 group). At 1 and 6 weeks after the operation, aortic tissue was excised for further examination. After 6 weeks of CaCl2 treatment, aortic diameter and macrophage infiltration into the aortic adventitia were increased in the AAA group compared with the SHAM group. Treatment with CoCl2 reduced the aneurysmal size and macrophage infiltration compared with the AAA group. Aortic expression of inflammatory cytokines and MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) and the activities of MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) and MMP-2 were enhanced in the AAA group and attenuated in the AAA/CoCl2 group. Expression of cytokines and the activities of MMPs were already increased after 1 week of CaCl2 treatment, but were suppressed by CoCl2 treatment in association with reduced NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) phosphorylation. Treatment with CoCl2 in mice prevented the development of CaCl2-induced AAA in association with reduced inflammation and ECM (extracellular matrix) disruption. The results of the present study suggest that PHD plays a critical role in the development of AAA and that there is a therapeutic potential for PHD inhibitors in the prevention of AAA development.
The Relationship of Aphasia Type and Gesture Production in People With Aphasia
Authors: Sekine Kazuki , Rose Miranda L. 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
For many individuals with aphasia, gestures form a vital component of message transfer and are the target of speech-language pathology intervention. What remains unclear are the participant variables that predict successful outcomes from gesture treatments. The authors examined the gesture production of a large number of individuals with aphasia—in a consistent discourse sampling condition and with a detailed gesture coding system—to determine patterns of gesture production associated with specific types of aphasia.

Method
The authors analyzed story retell samples from AphasiaBank (TalkBank, n.d.), gathered from 98 individuals with aphasia resulting from stroke and 64 typical controls. Twelve gesture types were coded. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the patterns of gesture production. Possible significant differences in production patterns according to aphasia type were examined using a series of chi-square, Fisher exact, and logistic regression statistics.

Results
A significantly higher proportion of individuals with aphasia gestured as compared to typical controls, and for many individuals with aphasia, this gesture was iconic and was capable of communicative load. Aphasia type impacted significantly on gesture type in specific identified patterns, detailed here.

Conclusion
These type-specific patterns suggest the opportunity for gestures as targets of aphasia therapy.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14963538
Treating Speech Subsystems in Childhood Apraxia of Speech With Tactual Input: The PROMPT Approach
Authors: Dale Philip S. , Hayden Deborah A. 
Published: November 2013

PurposePrompts for Restructuring Oral Muscular Phonetic Targets (PROMPT; Hayden, 2004; Hayden, Eigen, Walker, & Olsen, 2010)—a treatment approach for the improvement of speech sound disorders in children—uses tactile-kinesthetic-proprioceptive (TKP) cues to support and shape movements of the oral articulators. No research to date has systematically examined the efficacy of PROMPT for children with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS).MethodFour children (ages 3;6 [years;months] to 4;8), all meeting the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (2007) criteria for CAS, were treated using PROMPT. All children received 8 weeks of 2 × per week treatment, including at least 4 weeks of full PROMPT treatment that included TKP cues. During the first 4 weeks, 2 of the 4 children received treatment that included all PROMPT components except TKP cues. This design permitted both between-subjects and within-subjects comparisons to evaluate the effect of TKP cues. Gains in treatment were measured by standardized tests and by criterion-referenced measures based on the production of untreated probe words, reflecting change in speech movements and auditory perceptual accuracy.ResultsAll 4 children made significant gains during treatment, but measures of motor speech control and untreated word probes provided evidence for more gain when TKP cues were included.ConclusionPROMPT as a whole appears to be effective for treating children with CAS, and the inclusion of TKP cues appears to facilitate greater effect.
Language Comprehension Profiles of Young Adolescents With Fragile X Syndrome
Authors: Oakes Ashley , Kover Sara T. , Abbeduto Leonard 
Published: November 2013

PurposeIn this study, the authors sought to characterize the language phenotype of fragile X syndrome (FXS), focusing on the extent of impairment in receptive syntax, within-syndrome variability in those impairments in relation to gender, and the syndrome specificity of those impairments.MethodThe Test for Reception of Grammar, Version 2 (Bishop, 2003), was used to examine the overall receptive syntactic skills of adolescents with FXS (n= 35; 30 males, 5 females), adolescents with Down syndrome (DS;n= 28; 18 males, 10 females), and younger typically developing (TD) children (n= 23; 14 males, 9 females) matched on nonverbal cognition. Performance on specific grammatical constructions and error types was examined for a subset of matched participants.ResultsParticipants with FXS had overall receptive syntax scores that were lower than those of the TD participants but higher than those of the participants with DS; however, there was no difference in performance between the FXS and DS groups when females were excluded. Grammatical constructions that were especially difficult for participants with FXS and those with DS were identified, especially relative clause constructions and reversible constructions requiring attention to word order encoded by syntactic features.ConclusionThe current findings have implications for understanding the nature of the language learning difficulties of individuals with FXS and for language interventions.
Phonological Processing Skills of Children Adopted Internationally
Authors: Scott Kathleen A. , Pollock Karen , Roberts Jenny A. , Krakow Rena 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
In recent years, large numbers of children have been adopted from abroad into the United States. This has prompted an interest in understanding and improving the developmental outcomes for these children. Although a growing number of studies have investigated the early language development of children who have been adopted internationally, few have focused specifically on the phonological processing development of this group of children, even though it is widely acknowledged that phonological processing skills are important in language and literacy acquisition. The purpose of this study was to examine the phonological processing skills of a group of children who had been adopted from China into the United States.

Method

The participants were 45 children who had been adopted from China (
M
age
at adoption = 13.09 months). The children were assessed between the ages of 6;10 (years;months) and 9;4. Their phonological processing skills, spoken language skills, and reading comprehension skills were assessed using norm-referenced measures.

Results
Overall, the majority of children scored at or above the average ranges across measures of phonological awareness, phonological memory, and rapid naming. The children's reading comprehension scores were moderately to highly correlated with their phonological processing scores, but age at the time of adoption was not highly correlated with phonological processing or reading comprehension.

Conclusion
The findings of the current study provide a basis for an optimistic view regarding the later language and literacy development of school-age children who were internationally adopted by the age of 2 years.
Lhx2 regulates a cortex-specific mechanism for barrel formation
Authors: Shetty Ashwin S. , Godbole Geeta , Maheshwari Upasana , Padmanabhan Hari , Chaudhary Rahul , Muralidharan Bhavana , Hou Pei-Shan , Monuki Edwin S. , Kuo Hung-Chih , Rema V. , Tole Shubha 
Published: November 2013

Significance
The somatosensory barrels are a unique feature of the rodent cortex. Each barrel represents a functional unit in which clustered innervation from an individual whisker connects with a ring of cortical neurons. This study reports that when a single transcription factor, LIM homeobox 2, is deleted specifically in the cortex, neither the barrel cores nor the cortical barrel walls are able to form, although a rudimentary functional mapping of the somatosensory innervation does occur. Understanding how barrels form will shed light on how functional neurocircuitry is assembled in its final stages, and this insight may be broadly applicable in the nervous system.