bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mid-Century Romance
Authors: Connor John T 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Mid-Century Romance chronicles a revival of the historical novel at the intersection of British late modernism and international communist culture. It frames this mid-century renovation of the genre as a response to a national turn in world politics, and this turn as a function of realignment in the imperial and literary world-systems. Confronted with the turbulence of mid-century history, writers embraced the historical novel to float narratives of national becoming and to locate their readers in the pattern of social change. Many were mindful of the genre’s romantic-era history: they saw themselves following in the footsteps of Sir Walter Scott and his heirs in other countries, and they drew on the same rescued remains of primitive poetry and popular antiquities that romanticism first used to construct its versions of national identity, of national culture and tradition. The study shows how the impulse to salvage traces of ancestral culture and to press them to new purpose links the mid-century historical novel to the rise of two of the most important post-war critical and creative projects: history from below and magical realism. It argues for the period-centrality of the mid-century national-historical novel and situates its cast of British writers—the modernists Hope Mirrlees and Virginia Woolf, the communists Sylvia Townsend Warner and Jack Lindsay, the oddball modernist and onetime fellow traveller John Cowper Powys, and many others in less detail—in a comparative, transnational perspective.
Modernism, Socialist Culture, and the Mid-Century National Turn
Authors: Connor John T 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This introduction attributes the revival of the historical novel in the middle decades of the twentieth century to a national turn in world politics, drawing on world-systems analysis to explain the appeal of the nation at a time of hegemonic transition in the global economy and in the world republic of letters. In the context of European imperial decline, emerging US ascendancy, and Soviet claims to a new kind of socialist modernity, writers turned to the historical novel to plot narratives of national becoming. The uncertainty of the present informed their efforts to conjure the past and project the futures they preferred. Rather than a radical new beginning, the mid-century historical novel embraced its romantic-era heritage, the precedent of Sir Walter Scott and the post-Enlightenment romance revival. Framing the revival of the national-historical novel in Britain in comparative perspective and tracing its decline in the context of the cultural Cold War, the introduction concludes with a review of the chapters to follow.
Hope Mirrlees and Virginia Woolf in the ‘footprints of Sir Walter Scott’
Authors: Connor John T 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter pairs Virginia Woolf and Hope Mirrlees to centre the historical novel in an account of British modernism’s national turn. It tells this story across three fictions: Mirrlees’ historical novel Madeleine (1919) and historical fantasy Lud-in-the-Mist (1926), and Woolf’s mock-biography Orlando (1928). Madeleine and Orlando it reads as critical archaeologies of the alienated modern subject, allegories of the bourgeois cultural revolution and its lasting social cost. But in Lud, Orlando, and Woolf’s late-career essays and fiction, national culture affords a remedy. Both writers call on popular antiquities, vernacular speechways, demotic and primitive literature to re-enchant their figure of England and project a vision of recovered religious identity (for Mirrlees) and palatable democracy (for Woolf). In doing so, both writers acknowledge a debt to Sir Walter Scott and to the eighteenth-century romance revival. This chapter argues for the role of romantic-era forms and discourses of the nation in mediating the shift from ‘high’ to ‘late’ modernism.
Migrations of the Communist Historical Novel
Authors: Connor John T 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter tracks the rise of the historical novel in Hitler’s Germany, and in the literature, forged in response, of the communist anti-fascist movement. It explains how the promotion of Bolshevik nationalism inside the Soviet Union and of the Popular Front among national sections of the Communist International established the ideological framework for a fiction that would celebrate national traditions of popular struggle and contest fascist claims to narrate the same. From Bahia, Brazil, to Bihar in Eastern India, communist-aligned writers rallied to the call to reclaim the people’s past and give it popular fictional form. The chapter chronicles how British writers adopted the form and embeds their novels in the wider historical culture of the British Communist Party to reveal the connections between literary and more scholarly attempts to write history from below. The chapter closes by linking the communist investment in radical social history to early definitions of a Latin American ‘marvellous’ or ‘magical’ realism.
Strategies to improve end-of-life decision-making and palliative care following hip fracture in frail older adults: a scoping review
Authors: Tremblay Alexandra , Pelet Stéphane , Belzile Étienne , Boulet Justine , Morency Chantal , Dion Norbert , Gagnon Marc-Aurèle , Gauthier Lynn , Khalfi Amal , Bérubé Mélanie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Although surgery is the gold standard following a hip fracture, the potential for rehabilitation and survival rates are low in frail older patients. Some patients may derive more benefit from palliative care. The objectives of this review were to identify the available strategies to improve end-of-life decision-making and palliative care for frail patients with hip fractures and to synthetise their level of support.

Methods
We conducted a scoping review of the scientific and grey literature, searching seven databases and websites of associations. We included all study designs, expert opinion articles and clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). Data were synthetised according to the Approach to Patient with Limited Life Expectancy and Hip Fracture framework. The number of research items and their level of evidence were tabulated for each of the recommended strategies.

Results
Of the 10 591 items identified, 34 were eligible. The majority of included articles were original research studies (n = 15). Half of the articles and CPGs focused on intervention categories (55%) such as goals of care discussion and comfort care, followed by factors to consider in the end-of-life decision-making process (25%) and prognosis assessments (20%), mainly through the estimation of life expectancy. The level of evidence for these strategies remains low, given the limited number of prospective studies supporting them.

Conclusions
This scoping review highlighted that end-of-life care in frail older patients with a hip fracture remains understudied. The strategies identified could be prioritised for future research to improve the well-being of the target population while promoting sustainable resource management.
Primitive conditional probabilities, subset relations and comparative regularity
Authors: Thong Joshua 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Rational agents seem more confident in any possible event than in an impossible event. But if rational credences are real-valued, then there are some possible events that are assigned 0 credence nonetheless. How do we differentiate these events from impossible events when we order events? De Finetti (1975), Hájek (2012) and Easwaran (2014) suggest that, when ordering events, conditional credences and subset relations are as relevant as unconditional credences. I present a counterexample to all their proposals in this paper. While their proposals order possible and impossible events correctly, they deliver the wrong verdict for disjoint possible events assigned equal positive credence.
InstaPrism: an R package for fast implementation of BayesPrism
Authors: Hu Mengying , Chikina Maria 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Summary
Computational cell-type deconvolution is an important analytic technique for modeling the compositional heterogeneity of bulk gene expression data. A conceptually new Bayesian approach to this problem, BayesPrism, has recently been proposed and has subsequently been shown to be superior in accuracy and robustness against model misspecifications by independent studies; however, given that BayesPrism relies on Gibbs sampling, it is orders of magnitude more computationally expensive than standard approaches. Here, we introduce the InstaPrism package which re-implements BayesPrism in a derandomized framework by replacing the time-consuming Gibbs sampling step with a fixed-point algorithm. We demonstrate that the new algorithm is effectively equivalent to BayesPrism while providing a considerable speed and memory advantage. Furthermore, the InstaPrism package is equipped with a precompiled, curated set of references tailored for a variety of cancer types, streamlining the deconvolution process.

Availability and implementation
The package InstaPrism is freely available at: https://github.com/humengying0907/InstaPrism. The source code and evaluation pipeline used in this paper can be found at: https://github.com/humengying0907/InstaPrismSourceCode.
Structure–activity relationship studies on iezoside, a highly potent Ca2+ ATPase inhibitor
Authors: Kurisawa Naoaki , Teranuma Kazuya , Noto Akari , Iwasaki Arihiro , Kabashima Yoshiki , Nakajima Rie , Toyoshima Chikashi , Suenaga Kiyotake 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Iezoside (1a) is a novel, potent sarco-/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) inhibitor from marine cyanobacterium. This paper describes the synthesis of comprehensive iezoside (1a) analogs containing C-18/19 diastereomers, simplified analogs without the peptide unit, and aglycones. Evaluations of the antiproliferative activities against cancer cells and SERCA inhibitory activities of the synthesized analogs revealed how the absolute configurations at C-18/19, peptide, and the sugar unit contribute to each bioactivity.
Drug survival of biologics in patients with psoriasis: real-world evidence for Greece during the period 2016–2020
Authors: Lazaridou Elizabeth , Kourlaba Georgia , Ravanidis Stylianos , Gounelas George , Stefanou Garyfallia , Tsolakidis Anastasios , Mathioudakis Konstantinos , Apalla Zoe 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Drug persistence is a crucial aspect of treatment success in psoriasis.

Objectives
To record real-world evidence concerning drug survival of biologic agents used for psoriasis treatment and to detect associated modifying factors in Greece.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study based on data extracted from the nationwide Greek prescription system. Included patients had psoriasis, with or without concomitant psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and had initiated biologics between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2020.

Results
We included 8819 patients who received 13 359 treatment lines. Among them, 76.8% of patients were biologic naive and 16.5% were diagnosed with concomitant PsA. The overall median drug survival was 34.3 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 32.6–36.5]. Drug persistence at 12, 24, 36 and 48 months of follow-up was 71.9%, 57.7%, 49.0% and 43.7%, respectively. Patients receiving brodalumab had the highest drug survival rate in the first 2 years, while secukinumab had the highest rates beyond this period. Overall, drug survival rates were higher in the first treatment line (median 51.1 months, 95% CI 47.1 to not reached) than in the second line and onwards (median 21.7 months, 95% CI 20.0–23.5). Treatment line, PsA status, age and sex were found to significantly affect drug survival rates.

Conclusions
Our findings confirm previous reports regarding the importance of efficient first-line biologics and the vulnerability of patients to coexistent PsA. The use of antibodies against interleukins confers high drug survival rates. These results will assist clinical management of patients with psoriasis in Greece.
Neural network molecular dynamics simulation on friction-induced chemical reactions of Si3N4 in water and ethylene glycol environments
Authors: Kudo Ryutaro , Ootani Yusuke , Fukushima Shogo , Ozawa Nobuki , Kubo Momoji 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Silicon nitride (Si3N4) exhibits low friction in aqueous environments due to a tribolayer that is formed through tribochemical reactions. However, the low friction state is not maintained in high contact pressure conditions, where surface-surface contact is dominant at the sliding interface, i.e. the load carrying capacity is low. Recently, it was reported that an ethylene glycol (EG) additive improves the load carrying capacity of Si3N4 in aqueous environments, though their mechanism is still in debate. In this study, we performed friction simulations to analyze the tribochemical reactions of water and an EG additive using a neural network molecular dynamics method which enables large-scale simulation with high accuracy comparable with ab initio molecular dynamics calculations. We found that tribochemical reactions of water produce SiO2 particles. On the other hand, tribochemical reactions of EG produce compounds which consist of carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen atoms on the Si3N4 surface and the Si3N4 surface is covered by the compounds. Based on this finding, we propose that the compounds covering the Si3N4 surface can improve its load carrying capacity.
Towards a Territorial and Political Ecology of “circular bioeconomy”: a 30-year review of metabolism studies
Authors: Joxe Simon , Bahers Jean-Baptiste 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the context of the increasingly present policies of circular economy and the emergence of “Circular Bioeconomy” (CB), this article presents the results of a literature review on the sociometabolic research of biomasses. Six schools of thought are identified and distinguished according to their authors, their conceptions of metabolism, methodologies and social and spatial dimensions. Based on this state of the art, we propose an analytical framework that combines quantitative and qualitative approaches at the territorial scale, drawing upon the currents of Territorial Ecology and Political Ecology. This framework enhances our understanding and provides a critical perspective on the geography of CB. We compare discourses to actual practices by analysing biomass flows and power relations while adopting a critical perspective toward circular economy policies.
Artificial intelligence–based electrocardiogram analysis improves atrial arrhythmia detection from a smartwatch electrocardiogram
Authors: Fiorina Laurent , Chemaly Pascale , Cellier Joffrey , Said Mina Ait , Coquard Charlène , Younsi Salem , Salerno Fiorella , Horvilleur Jérôme , Lacotte Jérôme , Manenti Vladimir , Plesse Audrey , Henry Christine , Lefebvre Baptiste 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aims
Smartwatch electrocardiograms (SW ECGs) have been identified as a non-invasive solution to assess abnormal heart rhythm, especially atrial arrhythmias (AAs) that are related to stroke risk. However, the performance of these tools is limited and could be improved with the use of deep neural network (DNN) algorithms, particularly for specific populations encountered in clinical cardiology practice.

Methods and results
A total of 400 patients from the electrophysiology department of one tertiary care hospital were included in two similar clinical trials (respectively, 200 patients per study). Simultaneous ECGs were recorded with the watch and a 12-lead recording system during consultation or before and after an electrophysiology procedure if any. The SW ECGs were processed by using the DNN and with the Apple watch ECG software (Apple app). Corresponding 12-lead ECGs (12L ECGs) were adjudicated by an expert electrophysiologist. The performance of the DNN was assessed vs. the expert interpretation of the 12L ECG, and inconclusive rates were reported. Overall, the DNN and the Apple app presented, respectively, a sensitivity of 91% [95% confidence interval (CI) 85–95%] and 61% (95% CI 44–75%) with a specificity of 95% (95% CI 91–97%) and 97% (95% CI 93–99%) when compared with the physician 12L ECG interpretation. The DNN was able to provide a diagnosis on 99% of ECGs, while the Apple app was able to classify only 78% of strips (22% of inconclusive diagnosis).

Conclusion
In this study, by including patients from a cardiology department, a DNN-based algorithm applied to an SW ECG provided an accurate diagnosis for AA detection on virtually all tracings, outperforming the SW algorithm.
Platelet inhibitor withdrawal and outcomes after coronary artery surgery: an individual patient data meta-analysis
Authors: Schoerghuber Michael , Kuenzer Thomas , Biancari Fausto , Dalén Magnus , Hansson Emma C , Jeppsson Anders , Schlachtenberger Georg , Siegemund Martin , Voetsch Andreas , Pregartner Gudrun , Lindenau Ines , Zimpfer Daniel , Berghold Andrea , Mahla Elisabeth , Zirlik Andreas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the association between guideline-conforming as compared to shorter than recommended withdrawal period of P2Y12 receptor inhibitors prior to isolated on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and the incidence of severe bleeding and ischaemic events. Randomized controlled trials are lacking in this field.

METHODS
We searched PUBMED, Embase and other suitable databases for studies including patients on P2Y12 receptor inhibitors undergoing isolated CABG and reporting bleeding and postoperative ischaemic events from 2013 to March 2024. The primary outcome was incidence of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium type 4 (BARC-4) bleeding defined as any of the following: perioperative intracranial bleeding, reoperation for bleeding, transfusion of ≥5 units of red blood cells, chest tube output of ≥2 l. The secondary outcome was postoperative ischaemic events according to the Academic Research Consortium 2 Consensus Document. Patient-level data provided by each observational trial were synthesized into a single dataset and analysed using a 2-stage IPD-MA.

RESULTS
Individual data of 4837 patients from 7 observational studies were synthesized. BARC-4 bleeding, 30-day mortality and postoperative ischaemic events occurred in 20%, 2.6% and 5.2% of patients. After adjusting for EuroSCORE II and cardiopulmonary bypass time, guideline-conforming withdrawal was associated with decreased BARC-4 bleeding risk in patients on clopidogrel [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.48; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.28–0.81; P = 0.006] and a trend towards decreased risk in patients on ticagrelor (adjusted OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.22–1.05; P = 0.067). Guideline-conforming withdrawal was not significantly associated with 30-day mortality risk (clopidogrel: adjusted OR 0.70; 95% CI 0.30–1.61; ticagrelor: adjusted OR 0.89; 95% CI 0.37–2.18) but with decreased risk of postoperative ischaemic events in patients on clopidogrel (clopidogrel: adjusted OR 0.50; 95% CI 0.30–0.82; ticagrelor: adjusted OR 0.78; 95% CI 0.45–1.37). BARC-4 bleeding was associated with 30-day mortality risk (adjusted OR 4.76; 95% CI 2.67–8.47; P &lt; 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
Guideline-conforming preoperative withdrawal of ticagrelor and clopidogrel was associated with a 50% reduced BARC-4 bleeding risk when corrected for EuroSCORE II and cardiopulmonary bypass time but was not associated with increased risk of 30-day mortality or postoperative ischaemic events.
Whole blood transcriptomic signature of Cushing's syndrome
Authors: Birtolo Maria Francesca , Armignacco Roberta , Benanteur Nesrine , Baussart Bertrand , Villa Chiara , De Murat Daniel , Guignat Laurence , Groussin Lionel , Libé Rossella , Zennaro Maria-Christina , Saidi Meriama , Perlemoine Karine , Letourneur Franck , Amar Laurence , Bertherat Jérôme , Jouinot Anne , Assié Guillaume 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
Cushing's syndrome is characterized by high morbidity and mortality with high interindividual variability. Easily measurable biomarkers, in addition to the hormone assays currently used for diagnosis, could reflect the individual biological impact of glucocorticoids. The aim of this study is to identify such biomarkers through the analysis of whole blood transcriptome.

Design
Whole blood transcriptome was evaluated in 57 samples from patients with overt Cushing's syndrome, mild Cushing's syndrome, eucortisolism, and adrenal insufficiency. Samples were randomly split into a training cohort to set up a Cushing's transcriptomic signature and a validation cohort to assess this signature.

Methods
Total RNA was obtained from whole blood samples and sequenced on a NovaSeq 6000 System (Illumina). Both unsupervised (principal component analysis) and supervised (Limma) methods were used to explore the transcriptome profile. Ridge regression was used to build a Cushing's transcriptome predictor.

Results
The transcriptomic profile discriminated samples with overt Cushing's syndrome. Genes mostly associated with overt Cushing's syndrome were enriched in pathways related to immunity, particularly neutrophil activation. A prediction model of 1500 genes built on the training cohort demonstrated its discriminating value in the validation cohort (accuracy .82) and remained significant in a multivariate model including the neutrophil proportion (P = .002). Expression of FKBP5, a single gene both overexpressed in Cushing's syndrome and implied in the glucocorticoid receptor signaling, could also predict Cushing's syndrome (accuracy .76).

Conclusions
Whole blood transcriptome reflects the circulating levels of glucocorticoids. FKBP5 expression could be a nonhormonal marker of Cushing's syndrome.
Variant patterns of electrical activation and recovery in normal human hearts revealed by noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging
Authors: Stoks Job , Patel Kiran Haresh Kumar , van Rees Bianca , Nguyen Uyen Chau , Mihl Casper , Deissler Peter M , ter Bekke Rachel M A , Peeters Ralf , Vijgen Johan , Dendale Paul , Ng Fu Siong , Cluitmans Matthijs J M , Volders Paul G A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aims
Although electrical activity of the normal human heart is well characterized by the electrocardiogram, detailed insights into within-subject and between-subject variations of ventricular activation and recovery by noninvasive electroanatomic mapping are lacking. We characterized human epicardial activation and recovery within and between normal subjects using non-invasive electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) as a basis to better understand pathology.

Methods and results
Epicardial activation and recovery were assessed by ECGI in 22 normal subjects, 4 subjects with bundle branch block (BBB) and 4 with long-QT syndrome (LQTS). We compared characteristics between the ventricles [left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV)], sexes, and age groups (&lt;50/≥50years). Pearson’s correlation coefficient (CC) was used for within-subject and between-subject comparisons. Age of normal subjects averaged 49 ± 14 years, 6/22 were male, and no structural/electrical heart disease was present. The average activation time was longer in LV than in RV, but not different by sex or age. Electrical recovery was similar for the ventricles, but started earlier and was on average shorter in males. Median CCs of between-subject comparisons of the ECG signals, activation, and recovery patterns were 0.61, 0.32, and 0.19, respectively. Within-subject beat-to-beat comparisons yielded higher CCs (0.98, 0.89, and 0.82, respectively). Activation and/or recovery patterns of patients with BBB or LQTS contrasted significantly with those found in the normal population.

Conclusion
Activation and recovery patterns vary profoundly between normal subjects, but are stable individually beat to beat, with a male preponderance to shorter recovery. Individual characterization by ECGI at baseline serves as reference to better understand the emergence, progression, and treatment of electrical heart disease.