bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An analysis of the influence of preslaughter management factors on welfare and meat quality outcomes in fed beef cattle in the United States
Authors: Davis Melissa K , Sullivan Paxton A , Hess Ann M , Nair Mahesh N , Mooney Daniel F , Edwards-Callaway Lily N 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
During the preslaughter phase, cattle are transported from their place of origin to a slaughter facility, experiencing transportation, lairage, environmental factors, and novel environments. Although research exists that has focused how the preslaughter phase impacts cattle welfare and meat quality, some significant preslaughter management factors and subsequent welfare and meat quality outcomes have not been thoroughly explored. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of preslaughter management factors on welfare and meat quality outcomes in fed beef cattle in the United States. Transportation factors, environmental characteristics, lairage factors, cattle characteristics, and several meat quality variables were collected from 5 federally inspected commercial processing facilities in the United States. After excluding slaughter lots that included &lt;75% complete datasets, a total of 619 slaughter lots representing 84,508 head of cattle were used for further analysis. Predictor variables of interest included processing plant, cattle breed, sex class, operation shift at the plant, distance traveled to the plant, truck waiting time to unload at the plant, lairage duration and space allowance, temperature humidity index, and windspeed. Outcome variables of interest included cattle mobility, carcass bruising, dark cutting (DC), quality grades, and hot carcass weights. Logistic and linear regressions were used to analyze the associations between the predictor and outcome variables of interest. Increased distance traveled and truck waiting time were associated with higher odds of mobility impairment (P = 0.0009 and P = 0.007, respectively), with each 10 km increase in distance traveled having an odds ratio (OR) of 1.001 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.000 to 1.001) and each 1-min increase in waiting time having an OR of 1.003 (CI: 1.001 to 1.004). Conversely, a 10-km increase in distance traveled decreased the odds of carcass bruising (OR: 0.997, CI: 0.996 to 0.998; P &lt; 0.0001). Longer lairage was associated with increased odds of DC (P = 0.0415), with each 60-min increase in duration having an OR of 1.034 (CI: 1.001 to 1.068). The results demonstrate the importance of truck arrival management (i.e., scheduling, prioritizing unloading) on mobility. Focusing on lairage management (i.e., density and time) may provide some opportunities to improve meat quality.
Impact of extreme pre-monsoon drought on xylogenesis and intra-annual radial increments of two tree species in a tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest, southwest China
Authors: Liu Ya-Nan , Fan Ze-Xin , Lin You-Xing , Kaewmano Arisa , Wei Xiao-Lian , Fu Pei-Li , Grießinger Jussi , Bräuning Achim 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forests cover the majority of forest areas and have high carbon storage in Xishuangbanna, southwest China. However, stem radial growth dynamics and their correlations with climate factors have never been analyzed in this forest type. By combining bi-weekly microcoring and high-resolution dendrometer measurements, we monitored xylogenesis and stem radius variations of the deciduous species Betula alnoides Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don and the evergreen species Schima wallichii (DC.) Korth. We analyzed the relationships between weekly climate variables prior to sampling and the enlarging zone width or wall-thickening zone width, as well as weekly radial increments and climate factors during two consecutive years (2020 to 2021) showing contrasting hydrothermal conditions in the pre-monsoon season. In the year 2020, which was characterized by a warmer and drier pre-monsoon season, the onset of xylogenesis and radial increments of B. alnoides and S. wallichii were delayed by three months and one month, respectively, compared with the year 2021. In 2020, xylem formation and radial increments were significantly reduced for B. alnoides, but not for S. wallichii. The thickness of enlarging zone and wall-thickening zone in S. wallichii were positively correlated with relative humidity, and minimum and mean air temperature, but were negatively correlated with vapor pressure deficit during 2020 to 2021. The radial increments of both species showed significant positive correlations with precipitation and relative humidity, and negative correlations with vapor pressure deficit and maximum air temperature during two years. Our findings reveal that drier pre-monsoon conditions strongly delay growth initiation and reduce stem radial growth, providing deep insights to understand tree growth and carbon sequestration potential in tropical forests under a predicted increase in frequent drought events.
Morvan’s syndrome with hypercoagulable condition in a patient positive for anti-CASPR2 antibodies: A case report
Authors: Pang Xintong , Li Yanming , Liu Zining , Mao Yafei , Li Xinyuan , Gao Lingling , Geng Yulan , Meng Li 
Published: July 2024

Rationale:
The phenomenon of hypercoagulability has not been previously documented in individuals with Morvan’s syndrome, especially in those associated with contactin-associated protein-like receptor 2 (CASPR2).

Patient concerns:
A previously healthy 32-year-old Chinese male was admitted to the hospital with central and peripheral neurologic symptoms. The patient was tested positive for anti-CASPR2 antibodies, and also presented with an activated coagulation state on admission, characterized by a low activated partial thromboplastin time and a high platelet count. With gradual improvement of clinical symptoms, activated partial thromboplastin time, and platelet count returned to normal. Simultaneously, anti-CASPR2 antibody titers significantly decreased and eventually became undetectable.

Diagnoses:
The patient was diagnosed as Morvan’s syndrome with positive anti-CASPAR2 antibodies accompanied with hypercoagulable state.

Interventions:
Plasmapheresis was administered to improve the symptoms combined with prednisolone acetate therapy.

Outcomes:
The patient experienced complete resolution of all symptoms during hospitalization and generally recovery after 2 months of discharge.

Lessons:
Emphasis should be directed towards hypercoagulability in individuals diagnosed with Morvan’s syndrome, particularly those presenting with positive anti-CASPR2 antibodies. Anticoagulant therapy may represent a novel therapeutic approach for individuals afflicted with Morvan’s syndrome and exhibiting positivity for anti-CASPR2 antibodies.
Acupuncture for constipation in Parkinson’s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Li Zhao , Niu Qun , Yang Kai , Zhao Keni , Yin Shao , Zhu Fengya 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurological disease worldwide, and there is a potential interaction between PD and constipation. PD constipation often causes significant trouble for patients and seriously affects their quality of life. Acupuncture is widely used for treating constipation and has been clinically proven. However, it is unclear whether the current evidence is sufficient to support acupuncture to improve PD constipation.

Methods:
We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP database) for randomized controlled trials from inception through July 1, 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) included acupuncture, sham acupuncture, and medication for PD constipation. Stata 16.0 software and Cochrane RoB2.0 were used for data processing and migration risk analysis.

Results:
The 11 studies included a total of 960 patients. The results showed that acupuncture or acupuncture combined with conventional treatment seemed to have advantages in improving complete spontaneous bowel movements (WMD: 1.49, 95% CI: 0.86, 2.11; P < .00001), Patient-Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life questionnaire (WMD: −11.83, 95% CI: −15.67, −7.99; P < .00001), the chronic constipation severity scale (CCS) (SMD: −0.99, 95% CI: −1.40, −0.58; P < .01), and c(RRP) (WMD: 2.13, 95% CI: 0.44, 3.82; P < .05).

Conclusion:
The present results show that compared with conventional treatment, acupuncture combined with conventional treatment seems to increase the number of spontaneous defecations in PD patients, improve quality of life, increase rectal resting pressure, and alleviate the severity of chronic constipation. Thus, acupuncture has the potential to treat PD constipation. However, due to the study’s limitations, higher-quality RCTs are needed for verification.
Olverembatinib combined with inotuzumab ozogamicin in relapsed refractory Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A case report
Authors: Liu Tong , Wang Chang , Fu Yu , Yang Yan-ping , Tan Ye-hui 
Published: July 2024

Rationale:
Patients with relapsed and refractory Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) with the T315I mutation are at higher risk of relapse and have shorter overall survival.

Patient concerns:
A 31-year-old man presented to the hematology department with intermittent fever and pancytopenia. He was diagnosed with Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia and experienced 2 relapses during treatment. A drug-resistant T315I mutation was detected in the ABL kinase region during review.

Diagnoses:
Morphological examination of the bone marrow revealed approximately 93.5% lymphoid blast. Flow cytometric analysis confirmed the diagnosis of common B-cell ALL with the following phenotype: CD34, CD45dim, CD19, CD10, cCD79a, CD58dim, CD81dim, cTdT, HLA-DR, CD22dim, CXCR4, CD33dim, CD20, CD25, CD13, CD123. The examination of the ABL kinase region mutation suggested a T315I mutation.

Interventions:
Olverembatinib, a third-generation TKI drug, was administered in combination with inotuzumab ozogamicin to treat the disease.

Outcomes:
The patient achieved morphological remission with a negative flow cytometry MRD test, and the quantification of BCR-ABL transcripts was 0% after 1 cycle of therapy.

Lessons:
The third-generation TKI olverembatinib has been proven to be effective in CML patients with the T315I mutation, and it may also be effective in Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Some new immune drugs have also shown improvement in the remission rate. Combination therapy with olverembatinib and Ino can achieve a complete molecular response in patients with relapsed and refractory Ph+ ALL with the T315I mutation.
Altered resting-state brain entropy (BEN) by rTMS across the human cortex
Authors: Song Dong-Hui , Deng Xin-Ping , Shang Yuan-Qi , Chang Da , Wang Ze 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation method effective in treating various neuropsychiatric disorders, yet its mechanisms are not fully understood. In general, rTMS protocols are categorized into excitatory protocols including high-frequency rTMS (HF-rTMS) and intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), and inhibitory protocols including low-frequency rTMS (LF-rTMS) and continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS). Brain entropy (BEN) measures irregularity, disorders, and complexity of brain activity, our previous studies have indicated that BEN affects excitatory rTMS, including HF-rTMS and iTBS. However, two important questions remain whether rTMS is equally sensitive to inhibitory rTMS and whether it can induce opposite brain activities, another question concerns whether rTMS can induce specific changes across brain regions. To address these issues, we utilized our own cTBS targeted on the left dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (L-DLPFC) dataset and publicly available LF-rTMS dataset with stimulating sites including the L-DLPFC, left temporal parietal junction (L-TPJ), and left occipital cortex (L-OCC), from the OpenNeuro. BEN maps were calculated before and after stimulation. The results showed that L-DLPFC cTBS increased BEN in the MOFC and L-DLPFC LF-rTMS increased BEN in the MOFC, subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (MOFC/sgACC) and putamen, the regions are consistent with our previous findings with HF-rTMS and iTBS. Additionally, L-TPJ LF-rTMS resulted in increased BEN in the right TPJ, while L-OCC LF-rTMS led to decreased BEN in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). Our findings suggest that BEN is not only sensitive to excitatory rTMS but also to inhibitory rTMS. Moreover, LF-rTMS induces different effects across brain regions, as detected by BEN.
Wearable facemask-attached disposable printed sensor arrays for point-of-need monitoring of ammonia in breath
Authors: Barandun Giandrin , Sanli Abdulkadir , Yap Chun Lin , Collins Alexander Silva Pinto , Grell Max , Kasimatis Michael , Levy Jeremy B. , Güder Firat 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBlood sampling, despite its historical significance in clinical diagnostics, poses challenges such as invasiveness, infection risks, and limited temporal fidelity for continuous monitoring. In contrast, exhaled breath offers a non-invasive, pain-free, and continuous sampling method, carrying biochemical information through volatile compounds like ammonia (NH3). NH3 in exhaled breath, influenced by kidney function, emerges as a promising biomarker for renal health assessment, particularly in resource-limited settings lacking extensive healthcare infrastructure. Current analytical methods for breath ammonia, though effective, often face practical limitations. In this work, we introduce a low-cost, internet-connected, paper-based wearable device for measuring exhaled ammonia, designed for early detection of kidney dysfunction at the point-of-need. The device, which attaches to disposable facemasks, utilizes a disposable paper-based sensor array housed in a biodegradable plastic enclosure to mitigate high relative humidity (RH) issues in breath analysis. We validated our technology using a laboratory setup and human subjects who consumed ammonium chloride-containing candy to simulate elevated breath ammonia. Our wearable sensor offers a promising solution for rapid, point-of-need kidney dysfunction screening, particularly valuable in resource-limited settings. This approach has potential applications beyond kidney health monitoring, including chemical industry safety and environmental sensing, paving the way for accessible, continuous health monitoring.
Thyroid hormones maintain parvalbumin neuron functions in mouse neocortex
Authors: Ren Juan , Markossian Suzy , Guyot Romain , Aubert Denise , Li Dongdong , Cauli Bruno , Riet Fabrice , Wong Jiemin , Flamant Frédéric , Richard Sabine 
Published: July 2024

SummaryParvalbumin-expressing (PV) GABAergic interneurons play a key role in maintaining the excitation-inhibition balance in the mammalian neocortex. Here we address the function of thyroid hormones in PV neurons in the mouse neocortex. To this end, Cre/loxP recombination system was used to express a dominant negative mutated receptor of thyroid hormones only in PV neurons. We analyzed the neocortical phenotype of these mice, in which thyroid hormone signaling is eliminated specifically in PV neurons, by combining genomics, histology, electrophysiology, and behavioral analysis. We found significantly altered gene expression, reduced expression of key perineuronal net components, reduced PV neuron excitability, behavioral hyperactivity and increased susceptibility to seizures. These results highlight that thyroid hormones are not only required for the differentiation of PV interneurons, but also for the maintenance of their inhibitory function after the onset of parvalbumin expression.
Neural dynamics underlying minute-timescale persistent behavior in the human brain
Authors: Courellis Hristos S. , Valiante Taufik A. , Mamelak Adam N. , Adolphs Ralph , Rutishauser Ueli 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe ability to pursue long-term goals relies on a representations of task context that can both be maintained over long periods of time and switched flexibly when goals change. Little is known about the neural substrate for such minute-scale maintenance of task sets. Utilizing recordings in neurosurgical patients, we examined how groups of neurons in the human medial frontal cortex and hippocampus represent task contexts. When cued explicitly, task context was encoded in both brain areas and changed rapidly at task boundaries. Hippocampus exhibited a temporally dynamic code with fast decorrelation over time, preventing cross-temporal generalization. Medial frontal cortex exhibited a static code that decorrelated slowly, allowing generalization across minutes of time. When task context needed to be inferred as a latent variable, hippocampus encoded task context with a static code. These findings reveal two possible regimes for encoding minute-scale task-context representations that were engaged differently based on task demands.
Gibberellic acid and light effects on seed germination in the seagrassZostera marina
Authors: Pieraccini Riccardo , Whatley Lawrence , Koedam Nico , Dierick Jasper , Vanreusel Ann , Dolch Tobias , Van der Stocken Tom 
Published: July 2024

SummarySeagrass meadows have been heavily affected by human activities, withZostera marinabeing one of the most impacted species. Seed-based methods are currently the preferred approach for their restoration. However, low germination rates and seedling establishment often affect the success rate and feasibility of restoration projects.We tested, for the first time, the combined effect of light spectra (white and red light and darkness), photoperiod, and gibberellic acid (GA3) on seed germination rates inZ. marina, by means of an incubation experiment with a fully crossed design, employing penalised logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards analysis. Seedling development was subsequently monitored to assess the potential side-effects of the priming agents on morphometric growth.Light priming positively affects germination, with germination probability being substantially increased when red light and darkness treatments were combined with GA3. Time to germination was reduced at mid- to high- GA3concentrations. Morphometric analysis of the cotyledonary and leaf tissue development did not indicatea posterioriside-effects of seed priming on growth.Light and GA3priming favour germination probability and release from dormancy inZ. marinaseeds. Seed priming can reduce stress- or manipulation-induced dormancy and can be considered in contexts where on-demand germination is required.
Beyond Auditory Relay: Dissecting the Inferior Colliculus’s Role in Sensory Prediction, Reward Prediction and Cognitive Decision-Making
Authors: Du Xinyu , Xu Haoxuan , Song Peirun , Zhai Yuying , Ye Hangting , Bao Xuehui , Huang Qianyue , Tanigawa Hisashi , Tu Zhiyi , Chen Pei , Zhao Xuan , Rauschecker Josef P. , Yu Xiongjie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Inferior Colliculus (IC) has traditionally been regarded as an important relay in the auditory pathway, primarily involved in relaying auditory information from the brainstem to the thalamus. However, this study uncovers the multifaceted role of the IC in bridging auditory processing, sensory prediction, and reward prediction. Through extracellular recordings in monkeys engaged in a sound duration-based deviation detection task, we observed a “climbing effect” in neuronal firing rates, indicative of an enhanced response over sound sequences linked to sensory prediction rather than reward anticipation. Moreover, our findings demonstrate reward prediction errors within the IC, highlighting its complex integration in auditory and reward processing. Further analysis revealed a direct correlation between IC neuronal activity and behavioral choices, suggesting its involvement in decision-making processes. This research highlights a more complex role for the IC than traditionally understood, showcasing its integral role in cognitive and sensory processing and emphasizing its importance in integrated brain functions.
TESTING THE USE OF XRCC6 GENE IN PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES
Authors: Çelik Recep 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the potential use of the XRCC6 gene in the construction of phylogenetic trees used to visualise evolutionary relationships among species. XRCC6 gene is an important evolutionarily conserved gene that plays a role in DNA repair processes [1, 2]. The phylogenetic tree constructed with the XRCC6 gene using the Neighbour-Joining (NJ) algorithm was compared with the phylogenetic tree previously constructed with the UPGMA algorithm using mtDNA sequences. As a result of the comparison, it was observed that the trees constructed by both algorithms overlapped to a great extent in terms of topological similarity, support values of branches and species position. These findings indicate that XRCC6 gene can be used as a reliable genetic marker in phylogenetic analyses. The use of XRCC6 gene in phylogenetic analyses may contribute to a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of evolutionary relationships.
Temporal asymmetry of neural representations predicts memory decisions
Authors: Ye Zhifang , Zhao Yufei , Allen Emily J. , Naselaris Thomas , Kay Kendrick , Hutchinson J. Benjamin , Kuhl Brice A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA stimulus can be familiar for multiple reasons. It might have been recently encountered, or is similar to recent experience, or is similar to ‘typical’ experience. Understanding how the brain translates these sources of similarity into memory decisions is a fundamental, but challenging goal. Here, using fMRI, we computed neural similarity between a current stimulus and events from different temporal windows in the past and future (from seconds to days). We show that trial-by-trial memory decisions (is this stimulus ‘old’?) were predicted by thedifferencein similarity to past vs. future events (temporal asymmetry). This relationship was (i) evident in lateral parietal and occipitotemporal cortices, (ii) strongest when considering events from the recent past (minutes ago), and (iii) most pronounced when veridical (true) memories were weak. These findings suggest a new perspective in which the brain supports memory decisions by comparing what actually occurred to what is likely to occur.