bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of foal production following intracytoplasmic sperm injection and blastocyst culture of oocytes from ovaries collected immediately before euthanasia or after death of mares under field conditions
Authors: Hinrichs Katrin , Choi Young-Ho , Norris Jody D. , Love Linda B. , Bedford-Guaus Sylvia J. , Hartman David L. , Velez Isabel C. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the efficiency of foal production following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and blastocyst culture of oocytes from mares that died or were euthanized under field conditions.
Design—Prospective case series.
Animals—16 mares (age, 3 to 19 years) that died or were euthanized for various causes.
Procedures—Ovaries were collected immediately before euthanasia (n = 10) or after death (6). Ovaries were transported to the laboratory for oocyte recovery (15 mares), or oocytes were recovered at a remote location and shipped to the laboratory (1). Oocytes underwent ICSI, and presumptive zygotes were cultured for 7 to 10 days. Blastocysts were shipped to embryo transfer facilities for transcervical transfer to recipient mares.
Results—Ovaries were processed 30 minutes to 12 hours (mean ± SD, 4.6 ± 3.3 hours) after mares' deaths. A mean of 14.1 ± 8.6 oocytes/mare were cultured, and 110 of 225 (49%) matured. Twenty-one blastocysts developed after ICSI and were transferred to recipient mares. Thirteen pregnancies were established; 10 healthy foals were produced from 6 donor mares. The number of blastocysts produced per mare and number of live foals produced per mare were significantly correlated with the number of oocytes recovered.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Foals were produced from mares after death or euthanasia under field conditions. Proportions of foals born overall (10 foals/16 mares) and mares from which ≥ 1 foal was produced (6/16) were greater than those reported following recovery and oviductal transfer of oocytes to inseminated recipients after death of donor mares under field conditions.
The subthalamic nucleus at 3.0 Tesla: choice of optimal sequence and orientation for deep brain stimulation using a standard installation protocol
Authors: Kerl Hans U. , Gerigk Lars , Pechlivanis Ioannis , Al-Zghloul Mansour , Groden Christoph , Nölte Ingo 
Published: October 2012

Object
Reliable visualization of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is indispensable for accurate placement of electrodes in deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery for patients with Parkinson disease (PD). The aim of the study was to evaluate different promising new MRI methods at 3.0 T for preoperative visualization of the STN using a standard installation protocol.

Methods
Magnetic resonance imaging studies (T2-FLAIR, T1-MPRAGE, T2*-FLASH2D, T2-SPACE, and susceptibility-weighted imaging sequences) obtained in 9 healthy volunteers and in 1 patient with PD were acquired. Two neuroradiologists independently analyzed image quality and visualization of the STN using a 6-point scale. Interrater reliability, contrast-to-noise ratios, and signal-to-noise ratios for the STN were calculated. For illustration of the anatomical accuracy, coronal T2*-FLASH2D images were fused with the corresponding coronal section schema of the Schaltenbrand and Wahren stereotactic atlas.

Results
The STN was best and reliably visualized on T2*-FLASH2D imaging (in particular, the coronal view). No major artifacts in the STN were observed in any of the sequences. Susceptibility-weighted, T2-SPACE, and T2*-FLASH2D imaging provided significantly higher contrast-to-noise ratio values for the STN than standard T2-weighted imaging. Fusion of the coronal T2*-FLASH2D and the digitized coronal atlas view projected the STN clearly within the boundaries of the STN found in anatomical sections.

Conclusions
For 3.0-T MRI, T2*-FLASH2D (particularly the coronal view) provides optimal delineation of the STN using a standard installation protocol.
Impact of extent of resection for recurrent glioblastoma on overall survival
Authors: Bloch Orin , Han Seunggu J. , Cha Soonmee , Sun Matthew Z. , Aghi Manish K. , McDermott Michael W. , Berger Mitchel S. , Parsa Andrew T. 
Published: October 2012

Object
Extent of resection (EOR) has been shown to be an important prognostic factor for survival in patients undergoing initial resection of glioblastoma (GBM), but the significance of EOR at repeat craniotomy for recurrence remains unclear. In this study the authors investigate the impact of EOR at initial and repeat resection of GBM on overall survival.

Methods
Medical records were reviewed for all patients undergoing craniotomy for GBM at the University of California San Francisco Medical Center from January 1, 2005, through August 15, 2009. Patients who had a second craniotomy for pathologically confirmed recurrence following radiation and chemotherapy were evaluated. Volumetric EOR was measured and classified as gross-total resection (GTR, > 95% by volume) or subtotal resection (STR, ≤ 95% by volume) after independent radiological review. Overall survival was compared between groups using univariate and multivariate analysis accounting for known prognostic factors, including age, eloquent location, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), and adjuvant therapies.

Results
Multiple resections were performed in 107 patients. Fifty-two patients had initial GTR, of whom 31 (60%) had GTR at recurrence, with a median survival of 20.4 months (standard error [SE] 1.0 months), and 21 (40%) had STR at recurrence, with a median survival of 18.4 months (SE 0.5 months) (difference not statistically significant). Initial STR was performed in 55 patients, of whom 26 (47%) had GTR at recurrence, with a median survival of 19.0 months (SE 1.2 months), and 29 (53%) had STR, with a median survival of 15.9 months (SE 1.2 months) (p = 0.004). A Cox proportional hazards model was constructed demonstrating that age (HR 1.03, p = 0.004), KPS score at recurrence (HR 2.4, p = 0.02), and EOR at repeat resection (HR 0.62, p = 0.02) were independent predictors of survival. Extent of initial resection was not a statistically significant factor (p = 0.13) when repeat EOR was included in the model, suggesting that GTR at second craniotomy could overcome the effect of an initial STR.

Conclusions
Extent of resection at recurrence is an important predictor of overall survival. If GTR is achieved at recurrence, overall survival is maximized regardless of initial EOR, suggesting that patients with initial STR may benefit from surgery with a GTR at recurrence.
De l’analyse des routines vers la gestion de classe et la professionnalisation
Authors: Lacourse France 
Published: October 2012

Comment enseigner un savoir imperceptible comme des routines professionnelles dans l’immédiateté de la classe ? Comment dégager leur construction en formation ? Pour une gestion de classe efficace, il est essentiel de recourir à des routines professionnelles. Elles soutiennent le sentiment de sécurité tant chez l’enseignant que chez les élèves. Elles relèvent de compétences incorporées, ce qui force à leur analyse pour une articulation phare dans une formation professionnalisante. Nous présenterons le concept des routines professionnelles comme un savoir-faire nécessaire au développement professionnel, le cadre conceptuel, la méthodologie, quelques résultats et la discussion suivie de la conclusion.
Guaranteed cost control of networked control systems based on delta operator Kalman filter
Authors: Yang Hongjiu , Xia Yuanqing , Shi Peng , Liu Bo 
Published: October 2012

SUMMARYIn this paper, the problem of guaranteed cost control for networked control systems is addressed by using delta operator Kalman filter approach. To cope with network‐induced delays and packet dropout, we take into account the quality‐of‐service of networks. The networked control system is described as a kind of delayed Markovian jump delta operator systems. Sufficient conditions for the solvability of underlying problem are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the developed techniques. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Motivations for Local Food Demand by Japanese Consumers: A Conjoint Analysis with Reference‐Point Effects
Authors: Saito Hisamitsu , Saito Yoko 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTConsumers often favor locally over nonlocally produced foods in the belief they have higher quality and provide the quasipublic service of conserving local agriculture. The aim of the present study is to clarify these two motivations’ relative contributions to product demand by considering consumer reference points, that is preferences for remaining at present consumption and price levels. A stated‐preference method is applied to the Japanese demand for bread from local wheat. We find that Japanese consumers pay a significant premium for local wheat bread and that more than half the observed demand variation is explained by a product's quasipublic nature. In contrast, reference‐point effects suggest that those who frequently buy local food have a negative willingness‐to‐pay for imported or nonlocal‐domestic breads. Appealing to local food‐buyers’ preferences for a local source and for environmental quality thus appears to be the most effective way of promoting local wheat bread. [JEL classifications: Q13; D12; D03].
Consanguineous unions and the burden of disability: A population‐based study in communities of Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Weller Mathias , Tanieri Marina , Pereira Josecleide Calixto , Almeida Ednno Dos Santos , Kok Fernando , Santos Silvana 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectives:The aim of this study was to identify communities at high risk of transmitting recessive genetic disorders by measuring levels of endogamy and offspring's rate of disabilities.Methods:In a house‐to‐house population based‐survey in the state of Paraíba, 20,462 couples were interviewed regarding kinship relation, number of siblings and offspring affected by mental or physical disabilities.Results:The rate of consanguineous unions in the communities ranged from 6.0% to 41.14%, showing an average value of 20.19% ± 9.13%. The overall average inbreeding coefficient (F) was 0.00602 ± 0.00253, ranging from 0.00134 to 0.01182. Communities situated on the backlands had an increased average value of F compared to those closer to the seashore (P = 0.024). The average rate of disabled offspring varied from 2.96% ± 0.68% for unrelated unions to 10.44% ± 16.86% for related couples at the level of double first cousins or uncle–niece. The Spearman correlation coefficient between the overall rate of disabled offspring from all couples together and F was 0.510 (P < 0.01).Conclusion:Inbreeding increases the risk of disability which is unevenly distributed, varying considerably even in neighboring communities with similar Human Development Index and population density. Higher inbreeding communities are mostly located on the more economically underdeveloped backlands than on the coastal region. The identification of communities at high risk for genetic disorders could serve as basis for the establishment of Community Genetics programs. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Recombinant tagging system using ribosomal frameshifting to monitor protein expression
Authors: Han Se Jong , Cho Sayeon , Lowehhaupt Ky , Park So‐Young , Sim Sang Jun , Kim Yang‐Gyun 
Published: October 2012

AbstractFor rapid and accurate quantitation of recombinant proteins during expression and after purification, we introduce a new tagging strategy that expresses both target proteins and limitedly tagged target proteins together in a single cell at a constant ratio by utilizing cis‐elements of programmed ‐1 ribosomal frameshifting (‐1RFS) as an embedded device. ‐1RFS is an alternative reading mechanism that effectively controls protein expression by many viruses. When a target gene is fused to the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene with a ‐1RFS element implanted between them, the unfused target and the target‐GFP fusion proteins are expressed at a fixed ratio. The expression ratio between these two protein products is adjustable simply by changing ‐1RFS signals. This limited‐tagging system would be valuable for the real‐time monitoring of protein expression when optimizing expression condition for a new protein, and in monitoring large‐scale bioprocesses without a large metabolic burden on host cells. Furthermore, this strategy allows for the direct measurement of the quantity of a protein on a chip surface and easy application to proteomewide study of gene products. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 898–904. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quantitative determination of rupestonic acid in rat plasma by high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and its application in a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Gu Zhengyi , He Jinhua , Yang Xi , Sha Xianyi 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTA sensitive and specific high‐performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS) method was developed and validated for determination of rupestonic acid in rat plasma. Protein precipitation method was used to extract rupestonic acid and the internal standard (IS) warfarin sodium from rats plasma. The chromatographic separation was performed on an Agela Venusil XBP Phenyl column with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of methanol–0.1% formic acid in water (40:60, v/v), pumped at 0.4 mL/min. Rupestonic acid and the internal standard (IS) warfarin sodium were detected at m/z 247.2 → 203.1 and 307.1 → 161.3 in positive ion and multiple reaction monitoring mode respectively. The standard curves were linear over the concentration range of 2.5–5000 ng/mL (r2 > 0.99). The within‐day and between‐day precision values for rupestonic acid at four concentrations were 4.7–5.7 and 4.4–8.7%, respectively. The method described herein was fully validated and successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study after an intravenous administration of rupestonic acid in rats. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of a Dimeric Zinc(I) Compound Stabilized by a Sterically Demanding Diiminophosphinate Ligand
Authors: Stasch Andreas 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe new sterically demanding aminoiminophosphorane Ph2P(NDip)(NHDip) (Dip=C6H3‐2,6‐iPr2; LH, 1) has been prepared as a precursor to the potassium complex [LK] (2) and a series of heteroleptic zinc(II) complexes, namely [(LZnBr)2] (3), [LZnMe] (4), [LZnEt] (5), and [(LZnI)2] (6). The products have been obtained either through a salt metathesis route by using complex 2 and ZnBr2 to give compound 3, through a direct reaction of ligand precursor 1 and ZnR2 (R=Me or Et) yielding complexes 4 or 5, respectively, or through iodination of complexes 4 or 5 by using I2 to afford compound 6. Reduction of the heteroleptic zinc(II) halide complexes 3 or 6 by using a dimeric magnesium(I) compound as a selective, stoichiometric, and soluble reducing agent afforded the new zinc(I) dimer [(LZn)2] (7) in good yield. Compounds 1–7 were crystallographically and spectroscopically characterized and the coordination behavior of the diiminophosphinate ligand has been investigated and compared with related CN‐based ligands. An initial reactivity study has been carried out on [(LZn)2] (7) by using small‐scale reactions and the oxidative addition of small alkyl halides across the ZnZn bond has been found to generate equimolar amounts of the alkyl complexes 4 or 5 and the halide complexes 3 or 6, respectively.
Fluorine‐18 Radiolabeling and Radiopharmacological Characterization of a Benzodioxolylpyrimidine‐based Radiotracer Targeting the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase EphB4
Authors: Mamat Constantin , Mosch Birgit , Neuber Christin , Köckerling Martin , Bergmann Ralf , Pietzsch Jens 
Published: October 2012

AbstractMembers of the Eph receptor tyrosine kinase family play essential roles in the pathogenesis of cancer and are therefore promising candidates for molecular imaging by positron emission tomography (PET), for example. In this regard, radiochemical access to novel PET radiotracers derived from potent inhibitors that target the EphB4 kinase domain and which bear a benzodioxolylpyrimidine structural motif was developed. A synthetic route was established for a new fluorine‐18‐containing radiotracer and for the desired precursor based on a high‐affinity benzodioxolylpyrimidine receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor lead structure. The radiotracer [18F]15 was obtained in 16 % radiochemical yield with a specific activity of ∼7 GBq μmol−1 and >95 % radiochemical purity. Due to the implication of EphB4, particularly in the progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis of melanoma, EphB4‐overexpressing human melanoma cells were generated and used as a novel in vitro model for radiopharmacological evaluation of the radiotracer. We demonstrate that the corresponding non‐radioactive reference compound regained its functionality as an inhibitor for both EphB4 receptor tyrosine kinase and Src kinase. EphB4 was significantly inhibited at compound concentrations >1 μM. Cellular uptake studies with [18F]15 revealed substantial uptake in both EphB4‐overexpressing and control cells. Moreover, NMRI nu/nu mice bearing both EphB4‐overexpressing tumors and control tumors were used for radiopharmacological characterization by biodistribution studies ex vivo and by dynamic small‐animal PET experiments in vivo. Despite the high metabolic stability of the novel radiotracer observed in vivo, no substantial binding or accumulation in EphB4‐overexpressing and control tumors was observed. Nevertheless, we point out that the approach presented herein gives convenient access to novel 18F‐labeled benzodioxolylpyrimidines and is a promising strategy for the further development of novel radiotracers for imaging Eph receptor tyrosine kinases in cancer.
Receipt of recommended radiation therapy among rural and urban cancer patients
Authors: Baldwin Laura‐Mae , Patel Shilpen , Andrilla C. Holly A. , Rosenblatt Roger A. , Doescher Mark P. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Rural populations have limited geographic access to radiation therapy. The current study examines whether rural patients with cancer are less likely than urban patients with cancer to receive recommended radiation therapy, and identifies factors influencing rural versus urban differences in radiation therapy receipt.METHODS:The current study included 14,692 rural and 107,834 urban patients with 5 cancer types and stages for which radiation therapy was recommended. The authors used 2000 to 2004 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Limited‐Use Data from 8 state‐based (California, Connecticut, Hawaii, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, New Mexico, and Utah) and 3 county‐based (Atlanta, rural Georgia, and Seattle/Puget Sound) cancer registries. Adjusted radiation therapy receipt rates were calculated by rural versus urban residence overall, for different sociodemographic and cancer characteristics, and for different states based on logistic regression analyses using general estimating equation methods to account for patient clustering by county.RESULTS:Adjusted rates of radiation therapy receipt were lower for rural (62.1%) than urban (69.1%) patients with breast cancer (P ≤ .001). Among patients with breast cancer, radiation therapy receipt differed more by sociodemographic characteristics (eg, rural patients aged < 50 years had a 67.1% receipt rate, whereas those aged ≥ 80 years had a radiation therapy receipt rate of 29.1%) than rural versus urban residence. Adjusted rates of radiation therapy receipt were similar for rural and urban patients with other cancer types overall (66.1% vs 68.2%; difference not significant), although there were differences between urban and rural patients with regard to radiation therapy receipt for patients with stage IIIA nonsmall cell lung cancer (66.2% vs 60.7%; P ≤ .01).CONCLUSIONS:Sociodemographics, cancer types and stages, and state of residence appear to have a greater influence over receipt of radiation therapy than rural versus urban residence location, suggesting that factors such as social support, receipt of other cancer treatments, and regional practice patterns are important determinants of radiation therapy receipt. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Detection of urinary metabolites of AM‐2201 and UR‐144, two novel synthetic cannabinoids
Authors: Sobolevsky Tim , Prasolov Ilya , Rodchenkov Grigory 
Published: October 2012

Synthetic cannabinoids are the psychotropic compounds frequently identified as active components of smoking mixtures easily available via the Internet in several countries. These herbal blends have become extremely popular as a legal alternative to cannabis‐based products and are difficult to detect by regular drug tests.Here we report on an in vitro and in vivo metabolism of AM‐2201, 1‐[(5‐fluoropentyl)‐1H‐indol‐3‐yl]‐(naphthalen‐1‐yl)methanone, and UR‐144 (KM‐X1), (1‐pentylindol‐3‐yl)‐(2,2,3,3‐tetramethylcyclopropyl)methanone isolated using preparative liquid chromatography from the smoking mixtures sold in Russia. After incubation with human liver microsomes (HLM) as well as with cytochrome isoenzymes 3A4 and 2B6, the metabolic pathways were identified by means of liquid chromatography – triple quadrupole and high resolution mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization in positive mode. It was found that the in vitro reactions include mono‐ and dihydroxylation, loss of N‐alkyl side chain and formation of dihydrodiol metabolites in case of AM‐2201. The HLM were found to be superior over the other two isoenzymes for generation of cannabinoid metabolites. Finally, forensic urine samples were analyzed to validate the in vitro data and it has been shown that for both cannabimimetics the recommended screening targets are the monohydroxylated metabolites. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
What’s Special About Human Language? The Contents of the “Narrow Language Faculty” Revisited
Authors: Traxler Matthew J. , Boudewyn Megan , Loudermilk Jessica 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIn this review, we re‐evaluate the recursion‐only hypothesis, advocated by Fitch, Hauser and Chomsky (Fitch et al. 2005; Hauser et al. 2002). According to the recursion‐only hypothesis, the property that distinguishes human language from animal communication systems is recursion, which refers to the potentially infinite embedding of one linguistic representation within another of the same type. This hypothesis predicts (1) that non‐human primates and other animals lack the ability to learn recursive grammar, and (2) that recursive grammar is the sole cognitive mechanism that is unique to human language. We first review animal studies of recursive grammar, before turning to the claim that recursion is a property of all human languages. Finally, we discuss other views on what abilities may be unique to human language.
Mass‐producible Nano‐featured Polystyrene Surfaces for Regulating the Differentiation of Human Adipose‐derived Stem Cells
Authors: Park Kwang‐Sook , Cha Kyoung Je , Han In‐Bo , Shin Dong‐Ah , Cho Dong‐Woo , Lee Soo‐Hong , Kim Dong Sung 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIn this study, we report an efficient and cost‐effective method of fabricating polystyrene (PS) nano‐featured substrates containing nanopore (NPo) and nanopillar (NPi) arrays based on hot embossing using nickel nano‐stamps. We investigate the behavior of adipose‐derived stem cells (ASCs), including adhesion, morphology, proliferation and differentiation, on the replicated PS surfaces. Compared to a flat substrate, NPo‐ and NPi‐featured substrates do not alter the morphology of stem cells. However, both NPo‐ and NPi‐featured substrates induce different integrin expression and lower formation of focal adhesion complexes. In addition, ASCs on the NPo‐featured substrate exhibit greater adipogenic differentiation, while the NPi‐featured substrate induces higher osteogenic differentiation. magnified image