bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling the Impact of Wind Intensification on Antarctic Sea Ice Volume
Authors: Zhang Jinlun 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
A global sea ice–ocean model is used to examine the impact of wind intensification on Antarctic sea ice volume. Based on the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data, there are increases in surface wind speed (0.13% yr−1) and convergence (0.66% yr−1) over the ice-covered areas of the Southern Ocean during the period 1979–2010. Driven by the intensifying winds, the model simulates an increase in sea ice speed, convergence, and shear deformation rate, which produces an increase in ridge ice production in the Southern Ocean (1.1% yr−1). The increased ridged ice production is mostly in the Weddell, Bellingshausen, Amundsen, and Ross Seas where an increase in wind convergence dominates. The increase in ridging production contributes to an increase in the volume of thick ice (thickness &gt; 2 m) in the Southern Ocean, while the volumes of thin ice (thickness ≤ 1 m) and medium thick ice (1 m &lt; thickness ≤ 2 m) remain unchanged over the period 1979–2010. The increase in thick ice leads to an increase in ice volume in the Southern Ocean, particularly in the southern Weddell Sea where a significant increase in ice concentration is observed. The simulated increase in either the thick ice volume (0.91% yr−1) or total ice volume (0.46% yr−1) is significantly greater than other ice parameters (simulated or observed) such as ice extent (0.14–0.21% yr−1) or ice area fraction (0.24%–0.28% yr−1), suggesting that ice volume is a potentially strong measure of change.
Greenland Surface Mass Balance as Simulated by the Community Earth System Model. Part II: Twenty-First-Century Changes
Authors: Vizcaíno Miren , Lipscomb William H. , Sacks William J. , van den Broeke Michiel 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
This study presents the first twenty-first-century projections of surface mass balance (SMB) changes for the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) with the Community Earth System Model (CESM), which includes a new ice sheet component. For glaciated surfaces, CESM includes a sophisticated calculation of energy fluxes, surface albedo, and snowpack hydrology (melt, percolation, refreezing, etc.). To efficiently resolve the high SMB gradients at the ice sheet margins and provide surface forcing at the scale needed by ice sheet models, the SMB is calculated at multiple elevations and interpolated to a finer 5-km ice sheet grid. During a twenty-first-century simulation driven by representative concentration pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) forcing, the SMB decreases from 372 ± 100 Gt yr−1 in 1980–99 to −78 ± 143 Gt yr−1 in 2080–99. The 2080–99 near-surface temperatures over the GIS increase by 4.7 K (annual mean) with respect to 1980–99, only 1.3 times the global increase (+3.7 K). Snowfall increases by 18%, while surface melt doubles. The ablation area increases from 9% of the GIS in 1980–99 to 28% in 2080–99. Over the ablation areas, summer downward longwave radiation and turbulent fluxes increase, while incoming shortwave radiation decreases owing to increased cloud cover. The reduction in GIS-averaged July albedo from 0.78 in 1980–99 to 0.75 in 2080–99 increases the absorbed solar radiation in this month by 12%. Summer warming is strongest in the north and east of Greenland owing to reduced sea ice cover. In the ablation area, summer temperature increases are smaller due to frequent periods of surface melt.
Avenues to Leadership: Opportunities at Every Level
Authors: Teng Marita S. , Simon Lawrence M. , Couch Marion E. , Zaretsky Lauren S. , Gray Stacey T. , Derkay Craig S. , Choi Sukgi S. 
Published: August 2013

Program Description:This miniseminar is designed to help physicians in the Academy find ways to become leaders in their own environments. The panelists will include leaders within national organizations such as the AAO‐HNS, ACGME, and ACS, as well as local leaders, including a department chair and residency program director. Emphasis will be placed on career crossroads and how to navigate them. Several of the panelists are women and will comment on experiences unique to female leaders in our field.Educational Objectives:1) Recognize individualized ways to become leaders in various environments. 2) Characterize the role of medical leaders in our departments, institutions, clinical specialties, and national organizations. 3) Apply leadership principles to everyday practice.
Functional Rhinoplasty
Authors: Jordan James R. , Cilento Benjamin W. , Barrera Jose E. , Pribitkin Edmund A. 
Published: August 2013

Program Description:Functional rhinoplasty techniques are intended to improve the nasal airway and are used in patients with more complex nasal deformities that may not be corrected with more standard techniques. This panel will address deformities of the nasal septum, internal valve, and nasal vault, along with techniques to correct these deformities.Educational Objectives:1) Describe the various components of anatomic nasal obstruction. 2) Develop strategies to approach complex nasal deformities. 3) Implement surgical techniques to correct more complex nasal deformities.
Parotidectomy Defect: To Reconstruct or Not
Authors: Militsakh Oleg N. , Girod Douglas A. , Hanasono Matthew M. , Lin Derrick T. 
Published: August 2013

Program Description:Parotidectomy is a common head and neck surgical procedure. While management options of facial nerve injury are well understood, the issues related to soft tissue deficit are underappreciated and frequently untreated. This miniseminar will characterize various parotidectomy soft tissue defects and describe the impact on facial cosmesis, Frey's syndrome, and preparation of the wound for adjuvant therapy. A case based presentation will discuss the use of allografts, avascular autografts, and pedicled and free flaps to correct external surface and contour/volume defects. Frey's syndrome and its prophylactic and symptomatic management will be discussed.Educational Objectives:1) Recognize cosmetic and functional deficits associated with parotid surgery. 2) Formulate reconstructive options for correction of surface and volume defects. 3) Evaluate pathophysiology and management of Frey's Syndrome.
Surgical Management of the Patient with Facial Paralysis
Authors: Wax Mark K. , Rosenthal Eben L. , Fedok Fred G. , Wang Tom D. 
Published: August 2013

Program Description:Patients with facial nerve paralysis suffer significant cosmetic and functional morbidity. Management of the eye involves both loading the upper eyelid and tightening the lower eyelid. Mid face reconstruction can be addressed by midface lifting or by nasal valve repair. The lower face functions to allow for proper articulation and deglutition. Reconstructive options are either dynamic, using a temporalis muscle sling, or adynamic with acellular suspension. Each panelist in this multidisciplinary presentation will present his preferred method of rehabilitation, and case scenarios will then be used to explore subtleties of each surgical approach.Educational Objectives:1) Rehabilitate the paralyzed upper eyelid. 2) Assess and manage the nasal airway in patients with facial paralysis. 3) Apply a management paradigm for the lower face that will allow comparison of dynamic and adynamic reconstruction.
Efficacy of Surgical Simulators for Otolaryngology Training
Authors: Lee Kenneth H. , Wiet Gregory J. , Fried Marvin P. , Jabbour Noel , Johnson Kaalan E. 
Published: August 2013

Program Description:Recently, there has been growing interest in developing and using simulation technologies for basic surgical skills training for residents. In addition, as our specialty continually evolves and we make efforts for quality and lifelong learning, simulation technologies may also be useful for keeping experienced surgeons up‐to‐date with their skills. We will present currently available surgical simulators for temporal bone dissection, endoscopic sinus surgery, airway endoscopy, and tonsillectomy. The presenters will provide descriptions and show videos demonstrating the function of these devices. In addition, each panelist will present data evaluating the efficacy of these simulators as being effective teaching instruments.Educational Objectives:1) Differentiate the variety of simulation technology devices available for surgical skills training in otolaryngology–head neck surgery. 2) Recognize the advantages and limitations of using simulation technologies for acquiring and maintaining surgical skills. 3) Assess the validity of the studies presented to evaluate the efficacy of simulation devices as valuable learning tools.
Exercises in Futility: Ethical Challenges in Otolaryngology
Authors: Shuman Andrew G. , McCammon Susan D. , Cole Roger D. 
Published: August 2013

Program Description:Medical futility is an evolving ethical dilemma with which otolaryngologists must become familiar, as we shoulder unique challenges regarding limitations upon what we can and should offer our patients. This course will describe an ethical framework that integrates existing clinical practice guidelines, professional codes of conduct, and healthcare law, designed to help participants make practical bedside decisions. Case studies will be presented exploring issues including tracheotomy requests for critically ill patients and end‐of‐life care in head and neck cancer. Using audience participation, we will probe these difficult questions, hone analytic skills, and suggest nuanced and practical approaches in an interactive format.Educational Objectives:1) Define the concept of medical futility as it relates to the practice of otolaryngology. 2) Describe an ethical context addressing medical futility that integrates existing clinical practice guidelines, professional codes of conduct, and healthcare law. 3) Apply this framework to approach challenging ethical dilemmas at the bedside and appropriately engage patients and families when making clinical decisions.
From Simulation to Surgery: Making It Real
Authors: Deutsch Ellen S. , Fried Marvin P. , Wiet Gregory J. , Amin Milan R. , Malekzadeh Sonya , Ishman Stacey L. , Wang Eric 
Published: August 2013

Program Description:Does learning on a simulator really help surgeons operate better? Can learning or directed practice on a simulator contribute to faster or better skill acquisition? What are the advantages and disadvantages of virtual, high tech, or home‐made simulators? How do I get started? A panel of experts will provide examples from otology, sinus, and airway surgery; and describe their experiences, recommendations, and visions for the future. Dr. Fried: virtual sinus surgery; Dr. Wiet: virtual temporal bone surgery; Dr. Amin: simulation for office‐based procedures; Dr. Malekzadeh: make it yourself; Dr. Ishman: how do we assess competency? Dr. Wang: return on investment.Educational Objectives:1) Describe how simulators can be used to develop or improve surgical skills. 2) Compare the advantages of different types of simulators. 3) Use a competency‐based assessment tool.
Getting Published: Letters, Commentaries, and Social Media
Authors: Rosenfeld Richard M. , Raol Nikhila M. , Liu Jeffrey C. , Cavanagh Eileen , Pugh Courtney 
Published: August 2013

Program Description:Getting Published is a results‐oriented miniseminar for clinicians seeking to publish in medical journals, with an emphasis this year on letters, commentaries, and social media. The goal is to offer explicit strategies that help authors understand the role of correspondence (commentaries, brief reports, and letters to the editor) in a peer‐reviewed journal from a myriad of viewpoints: publisher, editor in chief, managing editor, resident physician, and young physician (junior faculty member). Writing correspondence is one of the best ways for residents and young physicians to experience the thrill of getting published, so specific presentations will be targeted to these groups.Educational Objectives:1) Describe the roles of letters, commentaries, and social media in a peer‐reviewed journal. 2) Apply current strategies to help authors maximize their success in getting correspondence published. 3) Avoid common pitfalls when submitting correspondence for publication.
Hot Topics for the General Otolaryngologists
Authors: Stolovitzky J. Pablo , Kennedy David W. , Poe Dennis S. , Friedman Michael 
Published: August 2013

Program Description:This miniseminar is designed to update general otolaryngologists on cutting edge advances in our specialty by a panel of experts. Dr. David Kennedy will highlight the key principles of endoscopic resection of tumors of the skull base and the importance of preoperative planning of the skull base closure. Dr. Dennis Poe will present recent developments in diagnostic methods, medical treatment, and updates in research on surgical therapy for chronic Eustachian tube dysfunction. Dr. Michael Friedman will review new noninvasive and multilevel minimally invasive treatment options including transoral robotic surgery for the treatment of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Educational Objectives:1) Improve knowledge of the surgical principles of skull base tumor surgery. 2) Understand the mechanisms of Eustachian tube pathophysiology and be able to diagnose disorders. 3) Describe noninvasive and multilevel minimally invasive treatment options for OSA that should be incorporated in a general otolaryngology practice.
Multiresistant Bacterial Infections in 2013
Authors: Valdez Tulio A. , Sobol Steven E. , Post James C. , Eisenberg Lee D. 
Published: August 2013

Program Description:The last decade has seen a dramatic increase of infections by multi‐resistant organisms in the head and neck. The increased incidence of infections by Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus has brought national attention to multiresistant bacterial infections. Other bacteria such as Streptococcus and Pseudomonas are also becoming non‐susceptible to commonly used antimicrobials. This miniseminar will provide an overview of the most common multi‐resistant organisms in otolaryngology, including their clinical presentations, mechanism of resistance, and treatments. Special emphasis will be placed on current guidelines for isolation, antibiotic stewardship programs, and future policy changes regarding multi‐resistant infections.Educational Objectives:1) Identify the most common multi‐resistant infections in otolaryngology and current treatment strategies. 2) Describe the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. 3) Apply current policies for isolation measures in the inpatient and outpatient setting.
Optimize Patient Education for Patient Satisfaction
Authors: Sardesai Maya G. , Whipple Mark , Weaver Edward M. , Deutsch Ellen S. , Kim Sara 
Published: August 2013

Program Description:This miniseminar will discuss various modalities for providing patient education in otolaryngology practice, highlighting some evidence, relevant educational concepts, and otolaryngologists’ experiences. Patient education is a critical component of patient‐centered care in today's outcomes‐focused environment, in which patients obtain information from various educational media, and in which patient satisfaction is an increasingly‐emphasized metric. Speakers will use combinations of literature evidence, educational theory, and critical, reflective “How I do it” descriptions to highlight different approaches to patient education. Short overview didactic sessions will be followed by a panel discussion with input from the audience.Educational Objectives:1) Describe selected relevant concepts in medical education, and apply these in developing strategies for patient education; summarize the literature evidence for written materials in patient education. 2) Interpret techniques for use of seminars and simulation for patient education, and recognize their benefits and limitations. 3) Consider when educating medical staff and trainees is best to provide patient education.
Detailed Analysis on Selecting/Installing/Using an Otolaryngology Electronic Medical Record System
Authors: Lee K. J. , Das Subinoy , Ermini Edward B. , Gordon Lawrence J. , Nielsen David R. , Upchurch David T. 
Published: August 2013

Program Description:Otolaryngologists are now focusing on acquiring an electronic medical record (EMR) system, learning to use EMRs, and/or replacing those that are outdated and do not meet their needs. Panelists will analyze specifics.Educational Objectives:1) Critique an EMR system on the basis of cost, usability, workflow, quality, support, and return on investment. 2) Comply with meaningful use criteria to receive incentive money.
Practical Management of Complications in Otolaryngology
Authors: Verma Sunil P. , Batra Pete S. , Wilkinson Eric P. , McCulloch Timothy M. , Simental Alfred A. 
Published: August 2013

Program Description:Otolaryngologists perform a variety of surgeries, many of which inherently have a small margin for error. While most surgeries are uneventful, complications present special challenges and may create anxiety among surgeons. This miniseminar will employ a multidisciplinary approach to create a paradigm for management of the unwanted surgical complication. A case‐based approach will be used to highlight common complications. Methods for prevention will be reviewed and keys for management of the unwanted complication will be presented. Cases from each otolaryngology subspecialty will be presented with opportunity for audience interaction and questions.Educational Objectives:1) Recognize common complications within otolaryngology‐head and neck surgery. 2) Evaluate measures that can be taken preoperatively and intraoperatively to prevent complications. 3) Describe methods to manage common complications.
Scary Cases 2013
Authors: Platt Michael P. , Setzen Gavin , Grillone Gregory A. , Rebeiz Elie E. , Song Phillip , Chong Cathy D. , Tunkel David E. 
Published: August 2013

Program Description:The Scary Cases 2013 miniseminar uses a case‐based, interactive approach to education in patient care and limiting risk. Cases presented by well‐known experts and community‐based clinicians will focus on what could go wrong or has gone wrong in the management of otolaryngology patients. Each expert will present a specific case that was difficult to manage, had unexpected morbidity, or resulted in litigation. Attendees will participate with an audience response system for key decisions during the case. Difficult cases are often great sources of learning. This miniseminar will provide education on how to anticipate and avoid unwanted outcomes.Educational Objectives:1) Identify pitfalls that may lead to adverse outcomes or put patients at risk. 2) Diagnose certain otolaryngologic conditions that can easily go undetected. 3) Evaluate the management of cases with high potential for malpractice litigation.
Seventh Annual Academic Bowl
Authors: Wax Mark K. , Malekzadeh Sonya 
Published: August 2013

Program Description:Each year the American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Foundation (AAO‐HNSF) education committees contribute a series of questions for the Academic Bowl. These questions are designed to test the knowledge base of the top performing residency programs in North America. Audience participation allows the audience to compare their knowledge base to that of the resident competitors. This forum will also allow the attendee to determine areas that perhaps could use some tuning up.Educational Objectives:1) Critique the quality of current resident education. 2) Compare their knowledge base to those of the top ranked residency programs.
To Operate or Not: How to Approach the Older Patient
Authors: Tulunay‐Ugur Ozlem E. , Eibling David E. , Sataloff Robert T. , McKinnon Brian J. , Edelstein David R. , Hartig Gregory K. , Kost Karen M. 
Published: August 2013

Program Description:As baby‐boomers are turning 65, there is more need than ever to address the needs of an aging US population, which is expected to live longer and require more medical interventions. Interestingly, review of the literature reveals scant information on how to approach the older surgical patient, without well‐established guidelines. The purpose of this miniseminar is to provide expert opinion in multiple subspecialties, such as facial plastics, head‐neck oncology, laryngology, and neurotology. Participants will also learn how to prepare older patients for surgery, when to operate, and how to improve post‐operative outcomes/care. We aim to have an open discussion, with multiple case presentations.Educational Objectives:1) Determine which older patients are good surgical candidates, patient workup, and necessary pre/post‐operative consultations and considerations, and address poly‐pharmacy and post‐operative complications such as delirium. 2) Recognize which patients will benefit from surgery and which from observation, as well as alternative treatments in each subspecialty. Participants will leave with ample information on new, less invasive surgical approaches. 3) Interpret pearls to successful surgical outcomes in facial plastic and otologic surgeries.
Clinic‐Based Decision Making for Head and Neck Endocrine Disease
Authors: Smith Russell B. , Caruana Salvatore M. , Hunt Jason P. , Shindo Maisie L. , Steward David L. , Tufano Ralph P. 
Published: August 2013

Program Description:Patients with thyroid and parathyroid disease are commonly encountered in a head and neck surgery practice. While the evaluation and management of many patients is relatively straightforward, others are significantly more complicated. The goal of this session is to discuss complex clinical scenarios encountered in the outpatient clinic. The cost‐effective use of diagnostic testing as well as the factors critical in treatment planning will be outlined. The entities reviewed will include: 1) Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) for thyroid nodules; 2) Evaluation and decision for surgery in hyperthyroidism; 3) Surveillance of patients with well differentiated thyroid cancer; 4) Evaluation and decision for surgery in hyperparathyroidism.Educational Objectives:1) Describe the appropriate use of FNA biopsy and other diagnostic studies with a focus on patients with suspected or known Hashimoto's thyroiditis. 2) Interpret the diagnostic evaluation and decision making for patients with functional thyroid disease with a focus on hyperthyroidism. 3) Outline the evaluation and treatment plan for patients’ hyperparathyroidism with a focus on non‐localizing disease and recurrent disease.
Head and Neck Skin Cancer: When Mohs Is Not Enough
Authors: Gourin Christine G. , Lin Derrick T. , Schmalbach Cecelia E. , Bradford Carol R. , Weber Randal S. 
Published: August 2013

Program Description:Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the United States and is increasing in incidence. While most skin cancer patients have an excellent prognosis following outpatient treatment with Mohs surgery, a subset demonstrate aggressive features with metastatsis, recurrence, and decreased survival. Failure to identify these high‐risk patients can lead to undertreatment and poor outcomes. This evidence‐based miniseminar will discuss the role and extent of surgery in the management of local disease, detection and treatment of metastases, and the role of adjuvant therapy in the management of melanoma and non‐melanoma skin cancers.Educational Objectives:1) Describe the extent of surgery required in the management of head and neck skin cancer. 2) Interpret the role of sentinel node biopsy and indications for neck dissection in the management of head and neck skin cancer. 3) Recognize the indications for adjuvant treatment in the management of advanced head and neck skin cancers.