bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A scoping review of family experience and need during end of life care in intensive care
Authors: Coombs Maureen 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAimTo scope systematically and collate qualitative studies on family experience and need during end of life care in intensive care, from the perspective of family members.DesignScoping review of qualitative research.MethodsStandardized processes of study identification, data extraction and data synthesis were used. Multiple bibliographic databases were accessed during 2011 and updated in 2013.ResultsFrom an initial 876 references, 16 studies were identified for inclusion. These were predominantly single site, North American studies that explored issues relating to the temporal stages in the end of life trajectory and the requirement for information and emotional support at end of life. With a strong focus on family need and experience during the transition from active treatment to end of life care, more work is required to understand how doctors and nurses can support families from treatment withdrawal through to death.
Abnormal circumferential strain measured by echocardiography is present in patients with Shwachman–Diamond syndrome despite normal shortening fraction
Authors: Ryan Thomas D. , Jefferies John L. , Chin Clifford , Sticka Joshua J. , Taylor Michael D. , Harris Richard , Moore Joan , Goodridge Erica , Mount Leann , Bolyard Audrey A. , Otto Barbara , Jones Amanda , Shimamura Akiko , Davies Stella , Myers Kasiani 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundShwachman–Diamond Syndrome (SDS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by bone marrow failure and exocrine pancreatic dysfunction. Heart failure has been described in patients with SDS. Circumferential strain (εcc) is a measure of cardiac performance that may identify dysfunction when standard measures are normal.ProceduresPatients with SDS were identified and the echocardiographic database queried. Cardiac anatomy and function were recorded, and εcc was measured retrospectively.ResultsFrom 1995–2013, 27 patients with biallelic SBDS mutations confirming the diagnosis of SDS were identified at our institution: 14 had at least one echocardiogram available; 10 underwent HSCT, with echocardiograms available in nine. Ejection fraction (EF) was normal in all 14 patients evaluated; however, εcc was decreased in 4/12 studies prior to HSCT. In two patients, εcc was abnormal both before and after HSCT, in one, εcc changed from normal to abnormal after HSCT, and in one, εcc was normal after HSCT despite being abnormal prior. Echocardiogram reports were also available for six patients in the North American SDS registry, all with normal EF.ConclusionsWhile EF was normal in all patients with SDS, εcc was abnormal in 33% prior to HSCT and 33% of those who had undergone HSCT. This suggests that SDS is associated with systolic dysfunction. Further studies are needed to define the incidence of dysfunction in this group and the progression to heart failure. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:1228–1231. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Repeat blood cultures in children with persistent fever and neutropenia: Diagnostic and clinical implications
Authors: Wattier Rachel L. , Dvorak Christopher C. , Auerbach Andrew D. , Weintrub Peggy S. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundRepeat blood cultures are frequently obtained in children with persistent fever and neutropenia (FN), but their clinical impact is uncertain.MethodsWe identified children with persistent FN in the context of hematologic malignancy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from July 2006 to June 2012. For each episode, we reviewed blood cultures to determine the yield of true positive and false positive results. We then examined episode‐level and culture‐level predictors to determine factors associated with new bloodstream infections (BSI).ResultsAmong 135 children who met inclusion criteria, there were 184 persistent FN episodes, during which 17 new BSI were diagnosed after the first 24 hr of fever (9.2%; 95% CI 5.4–15.3%). After the first 24 hr, the incidence of new BSI was 1.5% (95% CI 1.0–2.4%) per day and the incidence of blood culture contamination was 1.1% (95% CI 0.6–2.1%) per day. Of 17 new BSI identified, 14 (82%) required changes in therapy, while all 12 contaminant blood cultures were followed by additional antibiotic therapy. Increased odds of new BSI were associated with a history of BSI within 30 days of the episode (OR 5.18; 95% CI 1.29–20.8) and increasing time between recurrent fevers (OR 1.29; 95% CI 1.06–1.57).ConclusionsRepeat blood cultures have an important role in diagnosing new BSI and directing therapy in children with persistent FN. The current strategy could be improved by reducing the frequency of blood cultures after the first 24 hr, and targeting repeat cultures by risk. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:1421–1426. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MiR‐1247‐5p is overexpressed in castration resistant prostate cancer and targets MYCBP2
Authors: Scaravilli Mauro , Porkka Kati P. , Brofeldt Anniina , Annala Matti , Tammela Teuvo LJ. , Jenster Guido W. , Nykter Matti , Visakorpi Tapio 
Published: March 2015

BACKGROUNDRecently, there has been increasing attention on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer development. Several expression profiling studies have provided evidence of aberrant expression of miRNAs in prostate cancer and have highlighted the potential use of specific miRNA expression signatures as prognostic or predictive markers. Here we report an expression analysis of miR‐1247–5p, miR‐1249, miR‐1269a, miR‐1271–5p, miR‐1290, miR‐1291, and miR‐1299.METHODSqRT‐PCR was performed to validate the differential expression of miRNAs in clinical samples, and the effect of miR‐1247–5p was studied in prostate cancer cell lines transiently transfected with a miR‐1247–5p mimic. The expression of miR‐1247–5p's putative target MYCBP2 was evaluated by qRT‐PCR and Western blotting, and the interaction of the miRNA with the target gene was assessed using a luciferase assay.RESULTSWe found a significant up‐regulation of miR‐1247–5p in castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) samples compared to non‐malignant prostate. The expression of miR‐1247–5p was subsequently studied in prostate cancer (PC) cell lines where an up‐regulation of miR‐1247–5p was observed in the androgen‐independent PC‐3 model. Target prediction analysis for miR‐1247–5p performed online revealed that MYCBP2 (myc‐binding protein 2) was a high‐scoring potential target. Functional studies in vitro performed using PC‐3 and LNCaP models confirmed the down‐regulation of MYCBP2 at the mRNA and protein levels, and a luciferase assay showed interaction between the miRNA and target gene.CONCLUSIONmiR‐1247–5p is overexpressed in CRPC and targets MYCBP2. Prostate 75:798–805, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Elf5 inhibits TGF‐β‐driven epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer by repressing SMAD3 activation
Authors: Yao Bing , Zhao Jinsheng , Li Yalin , Li Hui , Hu Zhaojun , Pan Pan , Zhang Yiran , Du E. , Liu Ranlu , Xu Yong 
Published: March 2015

BACKGROUNDThe epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been associated with the acquisition of migration, invasiveness, and metastasis traits. During tumor progression, EMT can be induced by transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) signal that epithelial cells receive from their microenvironment. However, the master regulatory controls on TGF‐β‐EMT axis are not understood.METHODSThe protein expression in human specimens was measured by immunohistochemical staining. E74‐like factor 5 (Elf5) was silenced by short interfering RNAs in LNCaP cells and stably overexpressed by HA‐tagged Elf5 cDNAs in 22Rv1 cells. These cells were used to study migration and anchorage‐independent growth.RESULTSOur data reveal that Elf5 results in the failure of mesenchymal morphogenesis, upregulation of EMT markers, spheres formation, and migration in the presence of TGF‐β. Furthermore, Elf5 blocks TGF‐β signaling, through decreasing drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic protein (SMAD3) activation by binding to it, one of the major effector of TGF‐β‐induced EMT. Moreover, Elf5 can serve as a prognostic marker of metastasis‐free survival in patients with TGF‐β‐positive prostate cancer.CONCLUSIONSElf5 expression is inversely correlated with EMT. Elf5 inhibits TGF‐β‐driven EMT via repressing SMAD3 phosphorylation in prostate cancer cells. In addition, Elf5 can be used as a biomarker of metastasis‐free survival in patients with TGF‐β‐positive prostate cancer. Prostate 75:872–882, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Shopping for Diasporic Belonging: Being ‘Local’ or Being ‘Mobile’ as a VFR Visitor in the Ancestral Homeland
Authors: Wagner Lauren 
Published: March 2015

AbstractVisits to friends and relatives are often part of circulatory migration mobilities between resident and ancestral homelands. These journeys are characteristic of the diasporic lives of post‐migrant generations of Moroccans from Europe, where close proximity and relatively unimpeded mobility between homelands have enabled a tradition of vacationing at ‘home’. For many such individuals, this vacation visit involves repeatedly negotiating a sense of belonging in that homeland, as individuals who maintain relatively strong connections to that place but seem to continuously struggle as an ‘othered’ group. This article explores how their activities as visitors – ‘what they do’ while in Morocco – shape a sense of ‘who they are’ as partially belonging in this homeland space. Activities they do outside their familial homes are often in parallel to practices of tourists – like shopping. Using microanalysis of bargaining – which is one of the most frequently repeated interactions these visitors have with resident Moroccans outside their own families – I demonstrate how they are categorically positioned as ‘non‐local’ or ‘mobile’ versions of ‘being‐Moroccan’. Specifically, in this case study example from a larger corpus of similar examples, the diasporic participant practices ‘being‐Moroccan’ in a way that is distinctly mobile, and – despite her efforts to the contrary – unmistakably categorically marked as coming ‘from elsewhere’. This analysis is an effort to explore how ‘othering’ between residents and diasporic VFR is subtly enmeshed in the ordinary activities of daily life. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A periodic approach for input‐delay problems: Application to network controlled systems affected by polytopic uncertainties
Authors: Trégouët Jean‐François , Seuret Alexandre , Di Loreto Michaël 
Published: March 2015

SummaryThis paper deals with robust stability and stabilization of linear discrete‐time systems subject to uncertainties and network constraints. In network control systems, the control loop is closed over a network, which induces additional dynamics to the original control loop such as delays, sampling, and quantization among many others. This paper focuses on networked induced delays due to unreliable network for which packet losses may occur. An equivalent periodic‐like representation of the resulting system is proposed. This allows first to revisit existing results in this framework and second to take model uncertainties into account by analyzing the closed‐loop model by means of a recent method based on robust control for discrete‐time time‐varying systems. Stability analysis and dynamic state‐feedback stabilization are characterized via new conditions, whose conservatism is extensively discussed. Effectiveness of the proposed methodology is illustrated by numerical examples. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Appropriate Technology for Sustainable Ecosystems: Case Studies of Energy Self‐Reliant Villages and the Future of the Energy Industry
Authors: Park Eunil , Ohm Jay Y. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractRecent development and sustainable improvement studies have been conducted to investigate the effects of appropriate technology on the growth of developing and developed countries. As one of the most notable official development assistance methods for developing countries, appropriate technology has been widely used for improving location situations in various industry sectors such as IT (information technology), environment and energy. Among these sectors, the energy industry is considered one of the most active fields for appropriate technology. However, only a few studies have provided the in‐depth analysis of an ecosystem necessary for the sustainable growth of appropriate technology and foresight about the future directions of this technology. This study presents the definitions, antecedents, assessment of appropriate technology and recommendations for the future of appropriate energy technology in the context of many successful cases in the energy industry. The concepts of generating ‘shared social value’ and ‘local reverse innovation' are introduced, and how they play a key role in the recommendations is explained. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Developing Sustainability Indicators and Indices
Authors: Morse Stephen 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis paper takes as its starting point the apparent disconnect one sees between the creation and development of sustainability indicators and indices (SIs) and an assessment of their use. Assessing the use of SIs is challenging for a variety of reasons. In this paper the focus was upon the reporting of SIs by newspapers as one means of such assessment. Results suggest that for a group of 18 SIs there was a statistically significant difference between them in terms of extent of reporting in newspapers, with some (especially footprint‐based SIs) being more successful than others. It is argued here that SI developers should take into account the use of their SIs far more than they currently do, as this would help introduce an element of natural selection that should spur SI evolution. A parallel is made with the concept of memes. This process would move SIs away from a development largely driven by more technical concerns towards SIs more attuned to the needs of users. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Deep sea minerals prolong life span of streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats by compensatory augmentation of the IGF‐I‐survival signaling and inhibition of apoptosis
Authors: Liao Hung‐En , Shibu Marthandam Asokan , Kuo Wei‐Wen , Pai Pei‐Ying , Ho Tsung‐Jung , Kuo Chia‐Hua , Lin Jing‐Ying , Wen Su‐Ying , Viswanadha Vijaya Padma , Huang Chih‐Yang 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTConsumption of deep sea minerals (DSM), such as magnesium, calcium, and potassium, is known to reduce hypercholesterolemia‐induced myocardial hypertrophy and cardiac‐apoptosis and provide protection against cardiovascular diseases. Heart diseases develop as a lethal complication among diabetic patients usually due to hyperglycemia‐induced cardiac‐apoptosis that causes severe cardiac‐damages, heart failure, and reduced life expectancy. In this study, we investigated the potential of DSM and its related cardio‐protection to increase the life expectancy in diabetic rats. In this study, a heart failure rat model was developed by using streptozotocin (65 mg kg−1) IP injection. Different doses of DSM‐1× (37 mg kg−1 day−1), 2× (74 mg kg−1 day−1) and 3× (111 mg kg−1 day−1), were administered to the rats through gavages for 4 weeks. The positive effects of DSM on the survival rate of diabetes rats were determined with respect to the corresponding effects of MgSO4. Further, to understand the mechanism by which DSM enhances the survival of diabetic rats, their potential to regulate cardiac‐apoptosis and control cardiac‐dysfunction were examined. Echocardiogram, tissue staining, TUNEL assay, and Western blotting assay were used to investigate modulations in the myocardial contractile function and related signaling protein expression. The results showed that DSM regulate apoptosis and complement the cardiomyocyte proliferation by enhancing survival mechanisms. Moreover DSM significantly reduced the mortality rate and enhanced the survival rate of diabetic rats. Experimental results show that DSM administration can be an effective strategy to improve the life expectancy of diabetic subjects by improving cardiac‐cell proliferation and by controlling cardiac‐apoptosis and associated cardiac‐dysfunction. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 769–781, 2016.
Prediction of small‐for‐gestational‐age neonates: screening by fetal biometry at 35–37 weeks
Authors: Fadigas C. , Saiid Y. , Gonzalez R. , Poon L. C. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate the value of fetal biometry at 35–37 weeks' gestation in the prediction of delivery of small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) neonates, in the absence of pre‐eclampsia (PE).MethodsThis was a screening study in singleton pregnancies at 35–37 weeks' gestation, comprising 278 that delivered SGA neonates with a birth weight < 5th percentile and 5237 cases unaffected by SGA, PE or gestational hypertension. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine if screening by a combination of maternal factors and Z‐scores of fetal head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC) and femur length (FL) or estimated fetal weight (EFW) had a significant contribution to the prediction of SGA neonates.ResultsMultivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the likelihood of delivering a SGA neonate with a birth weight < 5th percentile decreased with maternal weight and height, and in parous women the risk increased with a longer interpregnancy interval. The risk was higher in women of Afro‐Caribbean and South Asian racial origins, in cigarette smokers, nulliparous women and in those with history of SGA, with or without prior PE. Combined screening by maternal characteristics and history with EFW Z‐scores at 35–37 weeks predicted 89% of SGA neonates with birth weight < 5th percentile delivering < 2 weeks following assessment, at a 10% false‐positive rate (FPR). The respective detection rate for the prediction of SGA neonates delivering ≥ 37 weeks' gestation was 70%. The performance of screening by a combination of Z‐scores of fetal HC, AC and FL was similar to that achieved by the EFW Z‐score.ConclusionCombined testing by maternal characteristics and fetal biometry at 35–37 weeks could identify, at a 10% FPR, about 90% of pregnancies that subsequently deliver SGA neonates within 2 weeks of assessment and 70% of those that deliver ≥ 37 weeks. Copyright © 2015 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Effects of turbine spacing on the power output of extended wind‐farms
Authors: Stevens Richard J.A.M. , Gayme Dennice F. , Meneveau Charles 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe present results from large eddy simulations of extended wind‐farms for several turbine configurations with a range of different spanwise and streamwise spacing combinations. The results show that for wind‐farms arranged in a staggered configuration with spanwise spacings in the range ≈[3.5,8]D, where D is the turbine diameter, the power output in the fully developed regime depends primarily on the geometric mean of the spanwise and streamwise turbine spacings. In contrast, for the aligned configuration the power output in the fully developed regime strongly depends on the streamwise turbine spacing and shows weak dependence on the spanwise spacing. Of interest to the rate of wake recovery, we find that the power output is well correlated with the vertical kinetic energy flux, which is a measure of how much kinetic energy is transferred into the wind‐turbine region by the mean flow. A comparison between the aligned and staggered configurations reveals that the vertical kinetic energy flux is more localized along turbine columns for aligned wind‐farms than for staggered ones. This additional mixing leads to a relatively fast wake recovery for aligned wind‐farms. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cyanide‐Bridged Tetranuclear REIII2FeIII2 (RE = Y, Tb, Dy) Molecular Squares with 2, 2′:6′,2′′‐Terpyridine as a Capping Ligand
Authors: Zhou Hu , Yu Deng‐Yong , Zhou Hong‐Bo , Yuan Ai‐Hua 
Published: March 2015

Abstract Self‐assembly reaction between hydrated rare‐earth (RE) nitrates RE(NO3)3·6H2O with K3Fe(CN)6 in H2O/DMF solution by employing the tridentate ligand 2, 2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine (terpy) as a capping ligand has yielded three cyanide‐bridged compounds [RE(terpy)(DMF)(H2O)2][Fe(CN)6]·6H2O [RE = Y (1), Tb (2), Dy (3)]. FT‐IR spectra confirmed the presence of terpy ligands and cyanide groups in compounds 1–3. Single‐crystal X‐ray structural analysis indicated that these compounds are isomorphous and adopt neutral [RE2Fe2] molecular squares, which are further linked through hydrogen bonding interactions to generate a three‐dimensional supramolecular network. Magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed that significant single ion magnetic anisotropy dominates the properties of these compounds.
Early endoscopic finding of esophageal thermal injury after having spicy hot pot
Authors: Wu Chia‐Hsien , Bair Ming‐Jong , Lin I‐Tsung , Lee Yuan‐Kai , Chen Huan‐Lin 
Published: March 2015

SummaryWe herein present the case of a woman who had esophageal thermal injury after having a spicy hot pot. The patient came to us with complaints of odynophagia, dysphagia, and burning sensation at the throat and upper chest while eating or drinking for 1 day. An upper endoscopy was conducted 1 day after the onset of symptoms, which showed a linear, disrupted bullae‐like lesion with a thin detached membrane. Our report depicts the early endoscopic finding of esophageal thermal injury following the ingestion of hot food. The finding is different from what has been often reported as the “candy‐cane” appearance of esophageal injury, which results from the ingestion of hot liquid.
Body composition and grip strength are improved in transgenic sickle mice fed a high-protein diet
Authors: Capers Patrice L. , Hyacinth Hyacinth I. , Cue Shayla , Chappa Prasanthi , Vikulina Tatyana , Roser-Page Susanne , Weitzmann M. Neale , Archer David R. , Newman Gale W. , Quarshie Alexander , Stiles Jonathan K. , Hibbert Jacqueline M. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractKey pathophysiology of sickle cell anaemia includes compensatory erythropoiesis, vascular injury and chronic inflammation, which divert amino acids from tissue deposition for growth/weight gain and muscle formation. We hypothesised that sickle mice maintained on an isoenergetic diet with a high percentage of energy derived from protein (35 %), as opposed to a standard diet with 20 % of energy derived from protein, would improve body composition, bone mass and grip strength. Male Berkeley transgenic sickle mice (S;n8–12) were fed either 20 % (S20) or 35 % (S35) diets for 3 months. Grip strength (BIOSEB meter) and body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan) were measured. After 3 months, control mice had the highest bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) (P < 0·005). S35 mice had the largest increase in grip strength. A two-way ANOVA of change in grip strength (P = 0·043) attributed this difference to genotype (P = 0·025) and a trend in type of diet (P = 0·067).l-Arginine (l-Arg) supplementation of the 20 % diet was explored, as a possible mechanism for improvement obtained with the 35 % diet. Townes transgenic sickle mice (TS;n6–9) received 0·8, 1·6, 3·2 or 6·4 %l-Arg based on the same protocol and outcome measures used for the S mice. TS mice fed 1·6 %l-Arg for 3 months (TS1.6) had the highest weight gain, BMD, BMC and lean body mass compared with other groups. TS3.2 mice showed significantly more improvement in grip strength than TS0·8 and TS1.6 mice (P < 0·05). In conclusion, the high-protein diet improved body composition and grip strength. Outcomes observed with TS1.6 and TS3.2 mice, respectively, confirm the hypothesis and reveall-Arg as part of the mechanism.