bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two snapshots reinforcing systemic thinking and responsibility
Authors: Barter Nick , Russell Sally 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– This paper aims to explore the concept of sustainable development through the lens of two United Nations (UN) publications, Our Common Future (1987) and the 25-year update Resilient People: Resilient Planet (2012). The analysis attempts to highlight how sustainable development requires a systemic understanding and this in turn necessitates an imperative of responsibility. To reinforce its case, the paper highlights how sustainable development has never been about saving the environment and to think so is naïve. In the final analysis, the paper outlines how a systemic understanding is a key concern for organisational leaders and in turn a responsible understanding of humanity's entwinement with, rather than separation from, all that surrounds us.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper is a discussion paper that weaves together existing literature.

Findings
– The aim of the paper is to reinforce systemic thinking and an imperative of responsibility.

Practical implications
– The arguments offered highlight how systemic thinking and the associated responsibility that comes with this view are necessary for realising sustainable outcomes.

Originality/value
– Weaving together and reinforcing arguments that highlight systemic thinking and responsibility.
On robots as genetically modified invasive species
Authors: Lemke Michael , W. Miller Keith 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– This paper aims to explore similarities and differences between robots, invasive biological species, and genetically modified organisms. These comparisons are designed to better understand the potential effects of robots on human society.Design/methodology/approach– This paper applies established ideas in one discipline – biology – to issues that are less well understood, but actively being studied in another discipline – science and technology studies.Findings– Robots entering human society in large numbers share many of the characteristics of an invasive species entering a new ecosystem. The authors also find that robots have several characteristics that are similar to a genetically modified organism. Taken together, these similarities suggest that society should be cautious about the introduction of large numbers of robots in a short period of time.Originality/value– The approach taken here to assess robots in society by these analogies to ecological processes is, to the authors' knowledge, novel. Applying ideas from a better-known area to a less well-known area is routine in philosophy, but these particular analogies have not yet been carefully articulated in the literature.
Effective cooperation with energy consumers
Authors: Begier Barbara 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– Research described in this paper focuses on a need to consult inhabitants about a new technical solution introduced in a country-wide scale like it is in the case of a smart metering system – finally, all energy consumers will become its users. Its social acceptance is required. So it is a good example of an ethical approach to introduce an innovative solution in the society. The conducted research was intended to help developing strategy to build appropriate relationships with energy consumers during the planned exchange of energy meters and to prepare energy consumers to make use of all functionality of the installed meters. The course of the conducted research and its results are presented. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– The described forms of cooperation with people are direct interviews in focus groups and a questionnaire survey involving representative social sample (surveys have been conducted during direct meetings and via internet). They are described as a case study. An agenda of each interview and also a content of a questionnaire cover topics within the area of natural environment protection, a need to save energy, individual activities leading to energy saving, smart metering, its benefits and potential threats including risk of intrusion privacy. Selected results are included.

Findings
– Consultations (with energy consumers) based on focus groups and questionnaire surveys have been well accepted by the participants. Respondents feel a need to express their opinions on a given subject. Citizens' attention concerns mostly the economic aspects of a new system. Energy consumers are able to formulate and declare strong and weak points of smart meters. Some threats concerning intrusion of privacy have been expressed by respondents and included in the paper.

Practical implications
– General conclusion is the following – each large system is not only a set of technical devices and software routines but it is also a system built by humans and for humans. Wide consultations on a smart metering bring benefits and help ensuring social acceptance. The raising social awareness of the need to save energy is one more benefit from the undertaken activities. An importance of consulting people about new solution involving all inhabitants is emphasized. Direct and structured interviews are the preferred form of social consultations. it is highlighted by some of the pollsters involved in the survey that respondents tell the truth rather in a direct conversation than in a remote mode via internet (involved pollsters have had an opportunity to check if respondents' statements are true).

Originality/value
– The described research took place in November 2012. Earlier only technical experts and academia were involved in discussions concerning smart metering. Selected data are included to show results of the research. The presented approach may help interested parties to introduce new solution and to avoid social opposition, rejection of the idea and misunderstandings.
Slow Tech: a quest for good, clean and fair ICT
Authors: Patrignani Norberto , Whitehouse Diane 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to introduce the term Slow Tech as a way of describing information and communication technology (ICT) that is good, clean and fair. These are technologies that are human centred, environmentally sustainable and socially desirable.Design/methodology/approach– The paper's approach is based on a qualitative discourse that justifies the introduction of Slow Tech as a new design paradigm.Findings– The limits of the human body, and the need to take into account human wellbeing, the limits of the planet and stakeholders' interests in decision making, all suggest the need for a new paradigm, Slow Tech, in the design of ICT and ICT systems. Three scenarios are described as case studies.Practical implications– In order to prepare the next generation of researchers and computer professionals, many different actions need to be taken. Universities and colleges need to redesign education programmes for computer scientists and engineers by introducing subjects related to the social and ethical implications of computing (currently, only few countries, like the UK, have already done this), and computer professionals' associations need to introduce a code of ethics or ethical analysis into their members' career development. As a result, future computer professionals who are familiar with the Slow Tech approach will be able to collaborate much more easily across the kind of cross disciplinary teams suited to design human centred, sustainable and desirable technologies.Social implications– Rather than simply focusing on the role of computer professionals, all members of society are called to play a new role in the design of future ICT scenarios. Starting a societal dialogue that involves computer professionals, users, researchers, designers, ICT industrialists, and policy makers is very much needed.Originality/value– The value of this paper is in its call for reflection followed by action. Based on an holistic approach to the design of new ICT systems, the paper advocates a new starting point for systems design: it should be based on a long-term view of the desirability and social importance of technologies, their environmental impact and sustainability, and the fairness and equity of the conditions of workers involved in the computing manufacturing processes.
Between solidarism and business management: assessing management factors for social enterprise: a survey in Italy
Authors: Linzalone Roberto , Lerro Antonio 
Published: April 2014

Purpose–The aim of this paper is to investigate the management dimensions and factors of social enterprise, in order to identify valuable management innovation challenges. Given the deep social changes occurring, and strong public spending reviews, social enterprises are called to a shift from a traditional management model based on solidarity to a business oriented one.Design/methodology/approach–The research is based on a survey administered to 344 enterprises, based in five regions of south Italy, with a response of 67 social enterprises. After a first round of six open interviews administered to social entrepreneurs, a closed questionnaire was designed and administered through web survey tools to the 344.Findings–The paper investigates social enterprises, with particular regard to the social cooperatives, identifying and assessing the management dimensions and factors constituting their management model. The analysis reveals and addresses management challenges helpful in driving a competitive growth of social enterprises.Originality/value–The paper explores a sector slightly investigated by management literature, and usually focused by the social literature. Collective interest, social value, mutualism, solidarity appear to be gaps in today's management models, contributing to financial crisis, employment crisis, social emergencies. Social enterprise may represent a new management model, revealing dimensions and factors of interest for a new business management, until it is supported with a more business management oriented model.
Seeking the stakeholder-oriented value of innovation: a CKI perspective
Authors: Palmieri Roberto , Giglio Carlo 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The paper focuses on the management of the innovation process. It provides a more comprehensive approach for the analysis of the mutual relationships among creativity, knowledge and innovation (CKI), thus going beyond the one-to-one basis of analysis prevailing in literature. Given the varied set of stakeholders concerned with innovation process outcomes, the need for adopting different perspectives emerges (i.e. macroeconomic, institutional, socio-cultural and corporate). A framework, including a set of indicators grouped by perspective is proposed in order to help capture several outputs of innovation processes.

Design/methodology/approach
– This is a qualitative research paper based on the literature review and the development of theoretical remarks. The multiple-case study approach corroborates the theoretical analysis.

Findings
– The model aims to provide an operating tool for the management of innovation processes. It helps to assess the impact of innovation plans and operating actions at any level. The model may support decision making and control tasks in operating contexts, providing a strategic tool for governments and managers. This paper may encourage academicians to refine the CKI perspective and improve the model's capacity to predict and assess the impacts of innovation processes.

Originality/value
– The framework may help when analyzing a CKI interaction system. It allows understanding of the dynamics between creativity vs knowledge resource policies (creativity-based approach vs knowledge-based approach) and innovation goals. The model also serves to deepen the circular nature of CKI interactions and their outcomes.
The impact of obstacles defined by developmental antecedents on resilience in leadership formation
Authors: S. Howard Christopher , A. Irving Justin 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The aim of this paper is to report findings from research conducted that links the role of obstacles defined by developmental antecedents to the level of resilience within a leader.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study reflects responses from 167 participants and utilizes leadership antecedents categories, the Differentiation of Self Inventory, Short Form and the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale.

Findings
– The results demonstrate that resiliency is positively correlated with both the leadership antecedents and differentiation of self. In light of the research findings, the authors will highlight the relationship between resiliency and the leadership antecedents (including developmental assignments, developmental relationships, developmental experiences, and developmental training), highlight the relationship between resiliency and differentiation of self, and provide rationale for the absence of a relationship between differentiation of self and the leadership antecedents.

Research limitations/implications
– The study does not demonstrate how the developmental antecedents might work in combination with one another to develop resiliency. Therefore, one recommendation would be to further verify the interrelationship of developmental antecedents and the nature of their relationship with leader resiliency. If research can determine the interrelationship of these developmental antecedents on the development of resilience, then implications exist within the leadership formation process and for new forms of leadership training.

Originality/value
– Based on the findings, the authors intend to provide an argument for why obstacles and developmental experiences are a logical and necessary part of the formation process for leaders and suggest the importance of emerging leaders attending to this dimension of their own leadership formation journey.
Investigating temporal effects of risk perceptions and satisfaction on customer loyalty
Authors: Ha Hong-Youl , Son Hee-Young 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine how product usage satisfaction mediates the link between two types of perceived risk and loyalty intentions, and investigate the three moderating effects (overall satisfaction of provider, switching costs, and remaining contract time) of the product usage satisfaction-loyalty intentions linkage.Design/methodology/approach– Using a longitudinal study, a total of 253 usable responses are collected from timeTto timeT+1. The paper uses the partial least squares (PLS-Graph 3.0) approach for structural parameters in the proposed model.Findings– The findings show that the temporal effect of performance risk and product usage satisfaction negatively increases, whereas the temporal effect between product usage satisfaction and loyalty intentions decreases over time. While the moderating effect between overall satisfaction of provider and product usage satisfaction strengthens loyalty intentions, the switching costs attenuate loyalty intentions. The proposed model can be used to predict both the change in customer behavior and the moderating effects of overall satisfaction of providers (or switching costs) in the context of smartphone replacement period.Originality/value– This paper makes unique contributions to the literature. First, using the consumption-system approach as a theoretical base, the paper extends the product usage satisfaction-loyalty intentions linkage that can appear as a dynamic spiral during subsequent periods. Second, considering the temporal effects of the proposed relationships, the paper identifies the role of perceived risk that reveals how product usage satisfaction mediates the link between two types of perceived risk and loyalty intentions. Third, the paper emphasizes the importance of moderating effects when considering smartphone usage with a particular brand.
Moderators of the relationship between social bonding and organizational commitment
Authors: Shih-Tse Wang Edward 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– The commitment of service employees to an organization is a critical concern that affects the success of an organization. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the social bonds between the supervisor and the employee, and among employees, foster organizational commitment in employees. The study subsequently explored the moderating role of work status (full-time vs parttime) and employee individualistic values in the relationship between social bonding and commitment.Design/methodology/approach– Empirical data were collected from the frontline employees of restaurants in Taiwan (n=395). Hierarchical moderated regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between social bonds and relationship commitment and the moderating effect of work status and individualistic values on the social bonding-commitment relationship.Findings– The results show that social bonding is an antecedent to organizational commitment, and work status and individualistic values moderate the social bonding-commitment relationship. The effect of social bonding on organizational commitment is stronger for full-time and less individualistic employees than for part-time and more individualistic employees.Originality/value– This research contributes to knowledge of the effect of social bonding on employee organizational commitment, and provides evidence showing that work status and employee values affect the social bonding-commitment relationship.
Municipal collaboration for carbon footprinting: Syracuse, New York case study
Authors: Ramsden Carolyn , C. Smardon Richard , Michel Gregory 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The City of Syracuse, New York, has undertaken energy conservation measures over the past decade. In 2011, the city completed a greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory that serves as the basis for current sustainability planning processes, and the process to complete this analysis was uniquely collaborative and is offered as a case study. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– This inventory was the product of collaboration between the city, the State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, and the Central New York Regional Planning and Development Board, through the Climate Change Innovation Program. Following guidance from International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives's Local Government Operations Protocol and utilizing Clean Air and Climate Protection software, the baseline year for the inventory was 2002, and the municipal analysis covered five sectors: buildings and facilities, vehicle fleet, aviation, water delivery, and streetlights and traffic lights. The city's community analysis assessed residential, commercial and industrial energy use, transportation and waste sectors.

Findings
– The City of Syracuse has achieved energy and GHG reductions over the inventory timeframe. While savings have been accomplished, significant challenges to future energy and GHG reductions remain.

Research limitations/implications
– Limitations include obtaining data quality and consistency for analysis.

Practical implications
– This case study could serve as a model for moving forward with GHG inventory analysis and action for small- to medium-sized cities in the NE, USA.

Social implications
– This was an experiment in collaboration between an academic institution, NGOs and a municipal entity.

Originality/value
– The city's 2010 inventory has been followed by community outreach and stakeholder engagement for the sustainability planning process. The city formed advisory teams composed of community experts in the areas of energy and green building, natural environment, waste and recycling, education and outreach, and food systems. The collaborative approach the city utilized offers a helpful model for other municipalities to follow to overcome resource constraints and complete energy and cost-saving carbon footprinting assessments.
Carbon sequestered in the trees on a university campus: a case study
Authors: De Villiers Charl , Chen Sile , jin Chenxing , Zhu Yiner 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– The authors aim to investigate the ability of a New Zealand university to rely on the CO2sequestered in the trees on campus to mitigate the CO2emissions caused by operations.Design/methodology/approach– The authors count and measure the trees on the university's 68 hectare main campus, ignoring smaller trees that sequester very little CO2.Findings– The authors estimate that the 4,139 trees the authors count contain 5,809 tonnes of CO2. The authors further estimate the additional CO2sequestration over the next ten years to be 253 tonnes per year. The university's annual CO2emissions were 4,086 tonnes in 2011. More than 70 per cent of this amount relates to overseas travel. Therefore, CO2sequestration in trees promises to mitigate only about 6 per cent of total emissions over the next ten years.Practical implications– This suggests that other initiatives will be needed if the university is serious about reducing its greenhouse gas emissions impact. An obvious avenue appears to be to reduce overseas travel, e.g. by finding different ways for academic staff to network and obtain feedback on their research. Other universities and other organisations starting to investigate their environmental impact are likely to similarly find that CO2sequestration in trees can only provide limited mitigation opportunities.Originality/value– The authors contribute to the ongoing debate around carbon emissions, exploring avenues to mitigate CO2emissions.
Incidence and molecular characterization of hepatitis A viruses in Korean surface water between 2007 and 2010
Authors: Lee Gyu‐Cheol , Kim Min‐Jeong , Nam Sehee , Lee Chan Hee 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTSeveral bodies of surface water in Korea were surveyed for the presence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) between 2007 and 2010. Of 265 surface water samples, 9 (3.4%) were HAV‐positive. HAVs were mainly detected in the summer (3/62, 4.8%) and spring (4/96, 4.2%) seasons. Comparing different water sources, the highest prevalence (6.6%) of positive samples was seen in lake water, four HAV‐positive samples being from lakes. Comparing prevalence rates across the four representative Korean basin systems, no HAVs were found in the Han or Nakdong river basins. The highest HAV prevalence was found in samples from the Yeongsan river and other basins (6.3%); the Geum/Seom river was also found to have a high HAV prevalence (5.7%). HAVs from the nine positive samples were then sequenced and analyzed phylogenetically. Two of the HAVs belong to genotype IA and fall within the same cluster as HAVs 6‐3(ASAN4) (EU049548), KANSAN‐PS1 (EU049554), and ASAN‐KM (EU049563), which were collected from the stools of patients with gastroenteritis in Korea. The seven other HAV nucleotide sequences belong to the genotype IB cluster. This is the first nationwide surveillance of HAV in major Korean water sources.