bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase in equine sarcoids: molecular and epigenetic analysis
Authors: Altamura Gennaro , Strazzullo Maria , Corteggio Annunziata , Francioso Romina , Roperto Franco , D'Esposito Maurizio , Borzacchiello Giuseppe 
Published: November 2012

Abstract

Background
Bovine papillomaviruses (BPVs) types 1 and 2 are the only known papillomaviruses able to jump the species. In fact, BPVs 1/2 induce neoplasia in their natural bovine host but infection is also associated to neoplastic skin lesions in equids termed sarcoids. The equine sarcoid is considered to be the most common equine cutaneous tumour worldwide for which no effective therapy is available. Very little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying tumourigenesis, although genes contributing to sarcoid development have been identified. Several studies associate the development of cancer to the loss of function of a number of oncosuppressor genes. In this study the putative role of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltrasferase (MGMT) was investigated for sarcoids. The expression of the oncosuppressor protein was assessed in normal and sarcoid cells and tissues. In addition, the DNA methylation profile was analysed to assess the role of epigenetic mechanism in regulation of MGMT expression.

Results
A group of 15 equine sarcoids and two primary sarcoid cell lines (fibroblasts) were analyzed for the expression of MGMT protein by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blotting techniques. The sarcoid cell line EqSO4b and the tumour samples showed a reduction or absence of MGMT expression. To investigate the causes of deregulated MGMT expression, ten samples were analyzed for the DNA methylation profile of the CpG island associated to the MGMT promoter. The analysis of 73 CpGs encompassing the region of interest showed in 1 out of 10 (10%) sarcoids a pronouncedly altered methylation profile when compared to the control epidermal sample. Similarily the EqSO4b cell line showed an altered MGMT methylation pattern in comparison to normal fibroblasts.

Conclusion
As previously demonstrated for the oncosuppressor gene FHIT, analysis of MGMT expression in sarcoid tissues and a sarcoid-derived fibroblast cell line further suggests that oncosuppressor silencing may be also involved in BPV-induced equine tumours. Abnormal DNA methylation seems to be one of the possible molecular mechanisms involved in the alteration of MGMT expression. Further studies are required to address other basic molecular mechanisms involved in reduced MGMT expression. This study underlines the possible role of DNA methylation in oncosuppressor inactivation in equine sarcoids.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Loss of pigment epithelium-derived factor: a novel mechanism for the development of endocrine resistance in breast cancer
Authors: Jan Rifat , Huang Min , Lewis-Wambi Joan 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Introduction
Despite the benefits of endocrine therapies such as tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors in treating estrogen receptor (ER) alpha-positive breast cancer, many tumors eventually become resistant. The molecular mechanisms governing resistance remain largely unknown. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a multifunctional secreted glycoprotein that displays broad anti-tumor activity based on dual targeting of the tumor microenvironment (anti-angiogenic action) and the tumor cells (direct anti-tumor action). Recent studies indicate that PEDF expression is significantly reduced in several tumor types, including breast cancer, and that its reduction is associated with disease progression and poor patient outcome. In the current study, we investigated the role of PEDF in the development of endocrine resistance in breast cancer.

Methods
PEDF mRNA and protein levels were measured in several endocrine-resistant breast cancer cell lines including MCF-7:5C, MCF-7:2A, and BT474 and in endocrine-sensitive cell lines MCF-7, T47D, and ZR-75-1 using real-time PCR and western blot analyses. Tissue microarray analysis and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the PEDF protein level in tamoxifen-resistant breast tumors versus primary tumors. Lentiviruses were used to stably express PEDF in endocrine-resistant breast cancer cell lines to determine their sensitivity to tamoxifen following PEDF re-expression.

Results
We found that PEDF mRNA and protein levels were dramatically reduced in endocrine-resistant MCF-7:5C, MCF-7:2A, and BT474 breast cancer cells compared with endocrine-sensitive MCF-7, T47D, and ZR-75-1 cells, and that loss of PEDF was associated with enhanced expression of pSer167ERα and the receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET). Importantly, we found that silencing endogenous PEDF in tamoxifen-sensitive MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells conferred tamoxifen resistance whereas re-expression of PEDF in endocrine-resistant MCF-7:5C and MCF-7:2A cells restored their sensitivity to tamoxifen in vitro and in vivo through suppression of RET. Lastly, tissue microarray studies revealed that PEDF protein was reduced in ~52.4% of recurrence tumors (31 out of 59 samples) and loss of PEDF was associated with disease progression and poor patient outcome.

Conclusion
Overall, these findings suggest that PEDF silencing might be a novel mechanism for the development of endocrine resistance in breast cancer and that PEDF expression might be a predictive marker of endocrine sensitivity.
Routine Bone Marrow Biopsy Has Little or No Therapeutic Consequence for Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography–Staged Treatment-Naive Patients With Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: El-Galaly Tarec Christoffer , d'Amore Francesco , Mylam Karen Juul , de Nully Brown Peter , Bøgsted Martin , Bukh Anne , Specht Lena , Loft Annika , Iyer Victor , Hjorthaug Karin , Nielsen Anne Lerberg , Christiansen Ilse , Madsen Charlotte , Johnsen Hans-Erik , Hutchings Martin 
Published: November 2012

Purpose To investigate whether bone marrow biopsy (BMB) adds useful information to [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) staging in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Patients and Methods Newly diagnosed patients with HL undergoing a pretherapeutic staging that encompasses both PET/CT and BMB were included in this retrospective study. The pattern of skeletal FDG uptake was categorized as uni-, bi-, or multifocal (≥ three lesions). Clinical stage, risk assessment, and treatment plan were determined with and without the contribution of BMB results according to the Ann Arbor classification and the guidelines from the German Hodgkin Study Group. Results A total of 454 patients with HL were included of whom 82 (18%) had focal skeletal PET/CT lesions and 27 (6%) had positive BMB. No patients with positive BMB were assessed as having stage I to II disease by PET/CT staging. BMB upstaged five patients, assessed as being stage III before BMB; none of the 454 patients would have been allocated to another treatment on the basis of BMB results. Focal skeletal PET/CT lesions identified positive and negative BMBs with a sensitivity and specificity of 85% and 86%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values of focal skeletal PET/CT lesions for BMB results were 28% and 99%, respectively. Conclusion A consistent finding of this study was the absence of positive BMBs in PET/CT-assessed stage I to II disease. The omission of staging BMB would not have changed the risk assessment or treatment strategy in this cohort of 454 newly diagnosed patients with HL.
Melanoma resistance to photodynamic therapy: new insights
Authors: Huang Ying-Ying , Vecchio Daniela , Avci Pinar , Yin Rui , Garcia-Diaz Maria , Hamblin Michael R. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer, with a steeply rising incidence and a poor prognosis in its advanced stages. Melanoma is highly resistant to traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, although modern targeted therapies such as BRAF inhibitors are showing some promise. Photodynamic therapy (PDT, the combination of photosensitizing dyes and visible light) has been tested in the treatment of melanoma with some promising results, but melanoma is generally considered to be resistant to it. Optical interference by the highly-pigmented melanin, the antioxidant effect of melanin, the sequestration of photosensitizers inside melanosomes, defects in apoptotic pathways, and the efflux of photosensitizers by ATP-binding cassette transporters have all been implicated in melanoma resistance to PDT. Approaches to overcoming melanoma resistance to PDT include: the discovery of highly active photosensitizers absorbing in the 700–800-nm near infrared spectral region; interventions that can temporarily reduce the amount or pigmentation of the melanin; compounds that can reverse apoptotic defects or inhibit drug-efflux of photosensitizers; and immunotherapy approaches that can take advantage of the ability of PDT to activate the host immune system against the tumor being treated.
The Effect of Genomic Inversions on Estimation of Population Genetic Parameters from SNP Data
Authors: Seich al Basatena Nafisa-Katrin , Hoggart Clive J , Coin Lachlan J , O’Reilly Paul F 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
In recent years it has emerged that structural variants have a substantial impact on genomic variation. Inversion polymorphisms represent a significant class of structural variant, and despite the challenges in their detection, data on inversions in the human genome are increasing rapidly. Statistical methods for inferring parameters such as the recombination rate and the selection coefficient have generally been developed without accounting for the presence of inversions. Here we exploit new software for simulating inversions in population genetic data, invertFREGENE, to assess the potential impact of inversions on such methods. Using data simulated by invertFREGENE, as well as real data from several sources, we test whether large inversions have a disruptive effect on widely applied population genetics methods for inferring recombination rates, for detecting selection, and for controlling for population structure in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We find that recombination rates estimated by LDhat are biased downward at inversion loci relative to the true contemporary recombination rates at the loci but that recombination hotspots are not falsely inferred at inversion breakpoints as may have been expected. We find that the integrated haplotype score (iHS) method for detecting selection appears robust to the presence of inversions. Finally, we observe a strong bias in the genome-wide results of principal components analysis (PCA), used to control for population structure in GWAS, in the presence of even a single large inversion, confirming the necessity to thin SNPs by linkage disequilibrium at large physical distances to obtain unbiased results.
Langdon's Critique of the Aquatic Ape Hypothesis: It's Final Refutation, or Just Another Misunderstanding?
Authors: Algis V. Kuliukas  
Published: November 2012

Thus far, there has been no challenge to Langdon's 1997 critique [1]of the aquatic ape hypothesis (AAH), despite its having a number of weaknesses. The paper lacks scholarliness as it does not draw upon the one published scientific investigation into the plausibility of the AAH in the literature, i.e., that byRoede et al. [2]. Langdon's summary of “anatomical evidence for the AAH” seems to have been directed against an exaggerated interpretation of Alister Hardy's hypothesis that humans were “more aquatic in the past” [3]. Most of the critique was based on cursory and superficial comparisons with fully aquatic mammals, such as cetaceans, rather than considering whether human ancestors could have been more aquatic than those of apes. Even on this basis, Langdon considered eleven out of twenty-six traits to be “possible aquatic adaptations” or “consistent with the AAH”.
It is argued here that none of the specific hypotheses of the AAH have yet been refuted. Instead, what appears to have happened, is that individuals have been left to interpret certain ambiguities in arguments put forward by proponents of the hypothesis in their own way and then reject, or accept it on that basis. More than a decade later, significant new evidence has emerged, and other AAH-based models have been published, which demand serious reconsideration.
Hydrothermal synthesis of nano nickel phosphides and investigation of their thermal stability
Authors: Wang Bo , Huang Xiang , Zhu Zhibin , Huang He , Dai Jinhui 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Nanometer scale nickel phosphide particles (Ni2P and Ni12P5) were synthesized via a mild hydrothermal method with red phosphor and nickel chloride as raw materials. X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and differential thermal analysis–thermogravimetric analysis were employed to characterize the resulting products. The results showed that the as-prepared products were well crystallized and particle sizes ranged from 10 to 40 nm. Investigation of raw material ratios and initial pH of the reaction system showed increasing P/Ni ratio did benefit the formation of Ni2P but went against obtaining Ni12P5 and nano-particles were obtained only in an alkaline environment. Subsequent differential thermal analysis–thermogravimetric analysis indicated that Ni2P remained as the major phase till 500 °C in an air atmosphere.
Magnetic properties of Nd-Fe-Co-Al rapid solidification alloys
Authors: Dan Nguyen Huy , Hung Luu Tien 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Nd-Fe–Al–Co alloys with thickness of 0.05–4 mm were prepared by means of rapid solidification methods, suction-casting and melt-spinning, and investigated using X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy and magnetization measurements. With appropriate composition and quenching rate, the alloys behave as single-phase hard magnetic materials. Coercivity of the alloys can reach 7.6 kOe at room temperature and exceed 30 kOe at 100 K. When the thickness of the alloys is increased, multi-magnetic phase behavior is clearly performed and Nd2Fe15Al, NdAl2, Nd3Al and Nd phases are further crystallized. The optimal hard magnetic properties of the alloys closely related to a microstructure which consists of nanocrystallites with size of 10–30 nm dispersed in an amorphous matrix. The hard magnetic phase in the alloys belongs to the amorphous phase. The nanocrystallites, whose total volume fraction is very small in comparison with that of the amorphous phase, probably act as pinning centers, resulting in high coercivity behavior of the alloys.
Le packing, son aventure et ses avatars
Authors: Delion Pierre 
Published: November 2012

Résumé La technique du packing est éclairée par la psychopathologie psychanalytique. Toutefois, les études récentes, neuro-physiologiques, développementales, psychopathologiques et institutionnelles viennent converger pour donner à ce soin une possibilité de construire un cadre psychothérapique avec les enfants et les adolescents autistes et psychotiques, à condition de l’intégrer dans une complexité institutionnelle qui prend en compte tous les aspects nécessaires à la prise en charge du sujet en question. Les menées violentes de ses détracteurs sont relativisées par rapport aux bons résultats cliniques obtenus, dont un programme de recherche clinique hospitalier doit rendre compte dans les prochains mois.
Faut-il un ou une thérapeute pour ce jeune patient ?
Authors: Chekroun Laurence 
Published: November 2012

Résumé Ce texte est issu de discussions et de réflexions entre mon travail de psychanalyste et celui de superviseuse. Je l’ai écrit suite à une discussion avec une assistante que je supervise. Elle me parlait de ses préoccupations concernant des entretiens avec de tout jeunes adolescents très inhibés et silencieux en séance avec elle. Cette difficulté récurrente l’avait conduite à se/me demander s’il n’aurait pas été plus judicieux de les adresser à des thérapeutes hommes ? J’ai alors essayé de réfléchir aux moyens de sortir de l’impasse dans laquelle elle se sentait prise avec eux.
La contribution de Ferenczi au concept de contre-transfert
Authors: Martín Cabré Luis J. , Michaud Henriette 
Published: November 2012

Résumé L’auteur reprend la notion de contre-transfert depuis les premiers travaux freudiens, à partir de l’optique de Ferenczi. Il montre comment Ferenczi a mis en place l’usage du contre-transfert comme instrument clinique fondamental, tout comme celui d’ Einfühlung (empathie) et celui de la seconde règle fondamentale (la nécessité incontournable de l’analyse de l’analyste). Il reprend à partir de la perspective de Ferenczi certains concepts comme la compulsion de répétition, la régression thérapeutique ou la dynamique transfert/contre-transfert et les rapproche de travaux d’autres auteurs comme Racker, Winnicott, Searles, M. Little et P. Heimann auxquels on a attribué de nombreux apports théoriques avancés par Ferenczi, comme l’utilité du contre-transfert ou de la contre-identification projective et de la participation émotionnelle de l’analyste.
Le transplant étranger, un écart qui estrange
Authors: Garon Josette 
Published: November 2012

Résumé L’auteur met en lumière un concept de Ferenczi inséparable de celui de traumatisme : le transplant étranger. Ce concept permet de prendre en compte ce qui, de l’inconscient des parents, est implanté dans le psychisme de l’enfant du fait du désaveu. Il s’avère particulièrement précieux pour penser l’empreinte des traumatismes transgénérationnels, objets de déni, donc soustraits au travail de négation. Ni représentés ni symbolisés, mais répétés, ceux-ci sont agis dans la relation passionnelle que les parents entretiennent avec leur enfant. D’où l’importance dans l’analyse d’adulte de donner voix à l’enfant traumatisé et accès à la représentation.
La transmission disjointe
Authors: Schneider Monique 
Published: November 2012

Résumé L’héritage freudien s’impose comme dédoublé dès sa fondation, puisqu’il repose sur la négation d’une croyance − « je ne crois plus à mes Neurotica » − qui restera souterrainement agissante. C’est le réseau théorique enterré dès le début que Ferenczi, en une contestation qu’il présente comme retour aux sources, s’acharnera à exhumer pour apporter à l’entreprise analytique un commencement différé.
La dépression de transfert de Ferenczi
Authors: Bokanowski Thierry 
Published: November 2012

Résumé L’auteur, s’appuyant sur la Correspondance Freud-Ferenczi , propose d’envisager les reproches de « transfert négatif non analysé » formulés par Ferenczi à l’égard de son analyste Freud lors des dernières années de leur relation comme ayant pu être liés à une dépression primaire, transformée en « dépression de transfert », laquelle semble cependant avoir été à la racine de nombreux concepts qui ont, depuis, profondément marqué la psychanalyse de leur empreinte.
Psychisme et cancer
Authors: Jean-Strochlic Christine 
Published: November 2012

Résumé Cet ouvrage retrace l’historique de la création du Centre P. Cazenave à partir d’entretiens avec P. Cazenave avant son décès et d’autres thérapeutes du Centre et montre la proximité entre certains concepts de S. Ferenczi et les points de vue développés.
Réflexions autour des tables interactives : expérience utilisateur, utilisabilité, évaluation
Authors: Kubicki S. , Borgiel K. , Lepreux S. , Wolff Marion , Kolski Christophe 
Published: November 2012

Résumé Depuis le début des années 1990, les tables interactives soulèvent un intérêt croissant tant dans les recherches académiques qu’industrielles. L’engouement pour ces nouvelles plate-formes d’interaction ne cessant d’augmenter chaque année, nous proposons dans cet article un état de l’art associé à un ensemble de réflexions. Il s’avère que les applications sur tables interactives évoluent : celles-ci passent progressivement de l’exploitation d’objets virtuels à celle d’objets tangibles. Les usages étant différents des plate-formes courantes (ordinateur, appareils mobiles, etc.), nous proposons de présenter des pistes de réflexion tant sur l’expérience (multi-)utilisateur(s) que sur l’utilisabilité des tables interactives. Nous commençons par la description des facteurs influençant les interactions humain-machine sur tables interactives. Ensuite, nous présentons et discutons de la perception des qualités instrumentales (par ex. utilité et utilisabilité) et non instrumentales (telles que les qualités esthétiques, symboliques et motivationnelles) des tables interactives. L’article continue avec un ensemble de perspectives relatives aux évaluations potentielles liées à l’utilisation de ces nouvelles plate-formes qui, comme chaque type de nouveau dispositif, doit être évaluée à de nombreuses reprises en termes de critères d’utilisabilité mais aussi selon un ensemble de critères liés à l’expérience utilisateur. Cinq types d’évaluations peuvent être distingués : (1) des études comparatives avec d’autres plate-formes et des tâches comparables ; (2) des études détaillées de nouvelles applications destinées aux tables interactives ; (3) des études focalisées sur la collaboration ; (4) des études impliquant des observations d’utilisation libre et (5) des études longitudinales. L’article se termine avec une conclusion et des perspectives de recherche.