bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Do Recreational Runners Think About Risk Factors for Running Injuries? A Descriptive Study of Their Beliefs and Opinions
Authors: Saragiotto Bruno Tirotti , Yamato Tiê Parma , Lopes Alexandre Dias 
Published: August 2014

Study Design Qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews. Objectives To describe the beliefs and opinions of runners about risk factors associated with running injuries. Background Despite the health benefits of running, a high prevalence of injury has been reported in runners. Preventive strategies for running injuries may be more successful with a better knowledge of runners' beliefs. Methods A semi-structured interview of recreational runners was based on the question, “What do you think can cause injuries in runners?” Analysis of the interviews was performed in 3 steps: (1) organizing the data into thematic units, (2) reading and reorganizing the data according to frequency of citation, and (3) interpreting and summarizing the data. The runner interviews were continued until no new beliefs and opinions of runners regarding injuries were being added to the data, indicating saturation of the topic. Results A total of 95 recreational runners (65 men, 30 women) between the ages of 19 and 71 years were interviewed. Of those interviewed, the average running experience was 5.5 years and approximately 45% had experienced a running-related injury in the past. The factors suggested by the runners were divided into extrinsic and intrinsic factors. The most cited extrinsic factors were “not stretching,” “excess of training,” “not warming up,” “lack of strength,” and “wearing the wrong shoes.” For the intrinsic factors, the main terms cited were “not respecting the body's limitations” and “foot-type changes.” Conclusion Recreational runners mainly attributed injury to factors related to training, running shoes, and exceeding the body's limits. Knowing the factors identified in this study may contribute to the development of better educational strategies to prevent running injuries, as some of the runners' beliefs are not supported by the research literature. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014;44(10):733–738. Epub 25 August 2014. doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.5710
Effects of bedrock lithology and subglacial till on the motion of Ruth Glacier, Alaska, deduced from five pulses from 1973 to 2012
Authors: Turrin James B. , Forster Richard R. , Sauber Jeanne M. , Hall Dorothy K. , Bruhn Ronald L. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA pulse is a type of unstable glacier flow intermediate between normal flow and surging. Using Landsat MSS, TM and ETM+ imagery and feature-tracking software, a time series of mostly annual velocity maps from 1973 to 2012 was produced that reveals five pulses of Ruth Glacier, Alaska. Peaks in ice velocity were found in 1981, 1989, 1997, 2003 and 2010, approximately every 7 years. During these peak years the ice velocity increased 300%, from approximately 40 m a–1 to 160 m a–1. Based on the spatio-temporal behavior of Ruth Glacier during the pulse cycles, we suggest the pulses are due to enhanced basal motion via deformation of a subglacial till. The cyclical nature of the pulses is interpreted to be due to a thin till, with low permeability, that causes incomplete drainage of the till between the pulses, followed by eventual recharge and dilation of the till. These findings suggest care is needed when attempting to correlate changes in regional climate with decadal-scale changes in velocity, because in some instances basal conditions may have a greater influence on ice dynamics than climate.
Regeneration of Bitter Gourd (<i>Momordica charantia</i> L.) from Leaf Segments and Root Tips
Authors: Al Munsur MAZ , Haque MS , Nasiruddin KM , Hasan MJ 
Published: August 2014

Experiments were carried out to study the callus induction and subsequent plantlet regeneration ability of leaf segments and root tips of bitter gourd. A combination of 1.0 mg L-1 2,4-D and 1.0 mg L-1 BAP produced the highest percentage of callus in leaf segments (78.75%) and 1.0 mg L-1 2,4-D combined with 0.5 mg L-1 BAP produced the highest callus frequency in root tips (72.5%). Using the combination of BAP at 2.0 mg L-1 and NAA at 0.3 mg L-1 improved the callus induction frequency (80.00%) in root tips. Root tips showed better response than leaf segments in callus induction. Leaf segments and root tips had equal percentage (65.0) of shoot regeneration upon culture of the calli on medium with 2.0 or 2.5 mg L-1 BAP with 0.2 mg L-1 IAA. The highest length (3.95 cm) of shoot from leaf segments was recorded with 2.5 mg L-1 BAP, 0.5 mg L-1 IBA and 0.2 mg L-1 GA3. The highest number of roots (6.75) and root length (2.45 cm) were found in 3.0 mg L-1 BAP with 0.1 mg L-1 NAA in root tips. The callus formation and regeneration ability of the explants have the potential for use in future biochemical studies and genetic improvement of bitter gourd.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.17457 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 1 - 9, 2007
Influences of Traditional Mulches on Flower Production and Petal Coloration of Dianthus (<i>Dianthus Chinensis</i> Lin.)
Authors: Kabir MH , Solaiman AHM , Das N , Uddin AFMJ 
Published: August 2014

An experiment was conducted to understand the effect of traditional mulches on plant growth, flower induction, petal coloration and yield of Dianthus chinensis at Horticultural Farm, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. Four mulch treatments C, control; SM, straw mulch; WHM, water hyacinth mulch; BPM, black plastic mulch were examined under this study. Black plastic mulch showed better performance than other treatments. Highest plant and flower growth, early flowering and maximum number of flowers were observed from black plastic mulch treatment followed by water hyacinth mulch and straw mulch respectively whereas the lowest was observed from control. Deep colored flower was produced from black plastic mulch treated plants and light colored flower from control.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.17462 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 35 - 40, 2007
<i>In vitro</i> Androgenesis of Some Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) Varieties and their F<sub>1</sub>, F<sub>2</sub> Progenies and Combining Ability of Embryoid Production
Authors: Hasan M , Pauk J , Kertesz Z 
Published: August 2014

Six parental lines along with their F1 and F2 progenies were investigated for general combining ability (GCA) effects on embryo-like-structure (ELS) production in anther culture. Significant differences were found among the parents in respect to the ELS production. Evaluating the combining ability effects, among the female parents Alfold showed the best result in ELS production, while Palma was the best among the male lines. While comparing F1 and F2 generations, in most of the cases (except one) F2 generation was superior in ELS production. Polygenic effect plays a key role in such type of superiority in the F2 generation. The reason for such superiority may be due to the recombination of superior genes.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.18091 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 57 - 60, 2007
Productive and Reproductive Efficiency of Red Chittagong Cattle Under Farm Condition
Authors: Mostari MP , Huque KS , Hasanat MS , Gulshan Z 
Published: August 2014

The productive and reproductive efficiency of Red Chittagong cattle (RCC) reared at the Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI) farm was evaluated. A total of 46 RCC of different categories were considered under this study. Parameters studied were birth weight, weight at 3, 6 months of age and adult body weight, growth rate, daily milk yield, lactation length, lactation yield, age at puberty, weight at puberty, age at first calving, post partum estrus period, service per conception, calving interval and gestation length of RCC were collected and recorded. The birth weight differed significantly (p<0.01) between male and female and the average birth weight of RCC calves at farm level was 14.87 kg. The growth rates and adult body weight also differed significantly (p<0.05 and p<0.01) between male and female except in growth rate from 3 to 6 months of age. The average daily milk yield, milk yield per lactation and lactation length of RCC were 2.24 kg, 526.81 kg and 238 days, respectively. The age at puberty, service per conception, post partum estrus period and calving interval of RCC heifers and cows were 15 months, 1.15, 40 days and 11 months, respectively. It can be concluded that the RCC is a genetically and economically superior variety of Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.18166 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 109 - 114, 2007
Influence of Different Sizes of Brooding Box Made of Clay and Bamboo Basket on the Hatchability of Chicken Eggs Through Broody Hen
Authors: Islam MS , Sarkar MM , Uddin MJ , Howlider AR 
Published: August 2014

An experiment was conducted to hatch chicken eggs in two different types of brooding boxes made of clay and bamboo basket by using broody hen. Three different size boxes were used under each type which were large(48 × 33 × 18 cm), medium (43 × 28 × 18 cm) and small (38 × 23 × 18 cm) (i.e. diameter of upper portion × diameter of lower portion × height of brooding boxes). The objective was to identify the optimum size of the brooding box used for natural hatching and to identify the appropriate material for brooding box used for incubation of eggs under rural condition. The fertility was not significantly affected by the type and size of boxes. Hatchability, Chicks not pipped and dead in germ were not significantly affected by types of boxes made of clay and bamboo basket but significantly affected by the size of boxes (p<0.05). The dead in shell was significantly affected by types and sizes of brooding box made of clay and bamboo basket (p<0.05). The percentage of dead in shell increased with the decreasing size of brooding box. Finally, it was concluded that hatchability of Deshi chicken eggs incubated by broody hen can be affected by both materials and size of brooding box. The study has shown that hatchability increased with increased size of the box up to a certain level. On the other hand, clay box gives more hatchability than bamboo basket.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.18168 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 123 - 133, 2007
Clinical and Pathological Investigation of <i>Nandus nandus</i> Collected from Fish Markets of Mymensingh
Authors: Marma K , Ahmed GU , Faruk MAR , Gosh K 
Published: August 2014

An experiment was carried out in order to investigate the health status of Nandus nandus based on clinical and histopathological observation collected from three fish markets of Mymensingh district. The study was conducted for a period of six months from October 2005 to March 2006. Clinically, it was evident that fishes were more affected having scale loss and deep dermal ulceration in the months of December and January, which were observed in Sankipara Railway Crossing and Gollpukurpar markets. But fish appeared almost normal during October to November and February to March collected from the three fish markets. Histopathologically, marked necrosis, pyknosis, haemorrhage, vacuoles and fungal granuloma were observed in skin, muscle and kidney. Gills had monogenetic trematode, hypertrophy and melanomacrophages in December and January. Liver of examined fishes had less pathological signs compared to other organs. However, Nandus nandus was found more affected in Gollpukurpar and Sankipara Railway Crossing markets compared to K-R market. From overall observation, it could be concluded that fishes were severely affected by EUS and dactylogyrosis during the months of December and January.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.18193 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 167 - 174, 2007
Improved Methods for the Preparation of Fish Ball from the Unwashed Mixed Minces of Low-Cost Marine Fish
Authors: Hoque MS , Nowsad AAKM , Hossain MI , Shikha FH 
Published: August 2014

Fish ball was prepared from the unwashed mince blend of 5 low-cost marine fishes (LMF) viz., red jewfish (Johnius argentatus), sea cat fish (Tachysurus thalassinus), jeweled shad (Ilisha filigera) horse mackeral (Megalaspis cordyla) and skipjack tuna (Sarda orientalis) of the Bay of Bengal. Six different blends composition from 5 individual minces of Low-cost Marine Fish (LMF) were prepared by blending 15 to 30% of the individuals minces. Fish ball was prepared from such mince blends by improving the textural strength of the products through different cooking process, ingredients and spices. Textural quality was determined in terms of softness/firmness (S/F) and chewiness/ rubburiness (C/R). Gel forming ability of the individual minces varied in great extent due to their compositional differences. Among the six blends tested, blend C with higher proportion of mince had come from red jewfish, sea cat fish and horse mackerel showed highest gel strength. In mince blend C, composition of red jewfish, sea cat fish, horse mackerel, jeweled shad and skipjack tuna were 30, 20, 20, 15 and 15%, respectively. Unwashed and washed individual minces and the mince blend C were incubated at different temperature regime from 35° to 55° and then cooked at 90° or 100°C. Among the different heating regimes, unwashed mince blend C showed the highest gel strength at 50°C for 1 hr incubation temperature. Further cooking of the incubated gel at 100°C optimally increased the gelling ability. The quality attributes of fish ball prepared under different cooking process (two-step heating, boiling, broiling and autoclaving) were analyzed. In two-step cooking, fish ball heated at 50°C for 30 minutes and further cooked at 100°C for 30 minute obtained a very good textured and nice mouth-felt fish ball. Texture and flavor of ball was affected by washing of mince but sensory qualities were unaffected.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.18203 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 189 - 197, 2007
Bio-Monitoring Study on Tropospheric Ozone Using White Clover at Bangladesh Agricultural University Farming Area
Authors: Islam MT , Ashraf MA , Sattar MA 
Published: August 2014

A pot experiment was conducted at the field laboratory of the Dept. of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to asses the visual ozone injury in white clover crops (Trifolium repens cv. Regal) started from May 13, 2007. Two genotypes of white clover were used of which one was ozone susceptible (NC-S) and the other was ozone resistant (NC-R). Each genotype was replicated into 20. The data on total plant dry matter harvested thrice at 28 days interval resulted in increasing biomass gradually in later harvests. The Monthly mean ozone values collected from passive ozone sampler during April to August07 was recorded as 29, 35, 49, 28, and 61 ppb respectively, which seemed that ozone concentrations in the troposphere is increasing gradually in Bangladesh. The susceptible NC-S showed visual ozone injury symptom from very slightly (0-1%) to slight (1-5%) where as the resistant cultivar showed no visual injury symptom. The ozone susceptible cultivar generally produced comparatively less biomass than the resistant one at every harvest.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.18243 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 215 - 222, 2007
Effect of Starch and Carboxymethtyl Cellulose on Physico-Chemical Properties of Tomato Juice
Authors: Mahomud MS , Islam S , Islam MN , Ashraf MA 
Published: August 2014

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and starch used as thickening agents on physicochemical properties of tomato juice. The pulp was extracted from ripe and sound tomatoes and subsequently used for preparation of tomato juice with the addition of different levels of starch and CMC including other ingredients. The CMC was used at the rate of 0.1-0.3% while starch was 0.3 -1% in the prepared juice. The moisture content of juice was increased adding of both the thickening agents. The ash content and acidity of tomato juice were decreased gradually with the increasing level of starch and CMC. The highest ash content and acidity were found in juice without added starch and CMC. The lowest ash and acid content was found in the juice incorporated with 1% and 0.3% starch and CMC respectively. Ascorbic acid was decreased with the increase of both thickening agents. The prepared juice was remained unchanged within two months. After two months, colour and flavour were changed and various bacterial load was increased.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.18245 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 235 - 240, 2007
Problems and Prospects of Fish Fry Trade in Jessore District of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahaman MM , Sayeed MA , Paul A , Nahiduzzaman M 
Published: August 2014

A study was conducted to investigate the existing system of fry trade and different problems and prospects associated with this enterprise in Jessore district. A total of 82 hatchery operators and nursery owners were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. In the study period 4211.5 kg hatchling were produced in 85 hatcheries in this area of which 80% were reared in the same area. Average price of per kg hatchling were Indian major carps- Tk.1200 to 1800, Chinese carp Tk. 1200 to 1600 and Thai sharpunti and pungus- Tk. 900 to 1200. A total 1621 lacs of 1-4" sized fry was produced during the study period. Among them Indian major carp 864.3 lacs (53.32%), Chinese carp 621.9 lacs (38.36%), Thai sharpunti and pangus 134.8 lacs (8.32%). The fry mortality was observed 24 % (± 1.92) due to improper management. The aratdar and middlemen were controlling the marketing system. As a consequence, fry traders and nursery operators have been facing several problems in this business. The main constrains were lack of capital (35%) followed by lack of technical knows-how (27%) faced by fry traders. The nursery operators faced the problems like lack of capital (31%), high lease value (25%), high price of production inputs (17%), terrorism (12%), intense market competition (9%) and the lack of policy support (6%). As Jessore contributes fifty percent of total fry and fingerling production in Bangladesh, therefore, the stakeholders should focus on the trade issues, otherwise fish supply would be interrupted as a whole.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.19197 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 199 - 207, 2007
Effects of Soil Moisture, NPK Fertilizers and Varieties on Grain Growth of Barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L.)
Authors: Mollah MSI , Rashid MH , Hossain MS , Khalekuzzaman M 
Published: August 2014

The experiments are conducted in the experimental field of the Department of Botany, Rajshahi University during the winter season of 2005-2006 to study the effects of soil moisture and NPK fertilizers on grain growth of four barley varieties (Hordeum vulgare L.) following split-split plot design. The highest grain growth parameters like, spikelet number, spike dry weight, grain number and grain dry weight, spike relative growth rate and grain relative growth rate were observed in the I2 treatment at different days after anthesis. F3 treatment produced the highest spikelet number, spike dry weight, grain number, grain dry weight, spike relative growth rate and grain relative growth rate but the control produced the lowest values. BHL-3 produced higher spikelet number and grain relative growth rate. BL-1 produced higher spike dry weight, grain number, grain dry weight and spike relative growth rate.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i1.16985 Progress. Agric. 19(1): 13 - 21, 2008
Direct and Residual Effect of Sulphur and Zinc on Potato-Boro-T. Aman Rice Cropping Pattern
Authors: Tarafder MA , Haque MQ , Rahman MM , Khan MR 
Published: August 2014

The experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) sub-staion, Tajhat, Ranpure, using potato-Boro-T. aman rice cropping pattern with an objective to evaluate the direct and residual effects of sulphur and zinc on the growth, yield and nutrient uptake by the crops. The surface soil was sandy loam texture, pH 6.3, organic matter 1.24%, available sulphur 6.62 ppm and available zinc 0.45 ppm. The experiment comprised of eight treatments for potato S15Zn2 (T2, T4 and T8, S8Zn1 (T5 and T6)and S0Zn0 (T1, T3 and T7), for boro rice S20Zn4 (T3, T5, T6 and T7) and S0Zn0 (T1, T3, T4 and T6). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Average tuber yield of potato (var. cardinal) varied from 28.29 to 32.86 t ha-1 with the highest yield in S15Zn2 treatment (100% recommended dose) and the lowest was in the S0Zn0 treatment (control). In the second crop (Boro rice), growth and yield attributes, grain and straw yields responded significantly to S and Zn applied either in the first crop or in both crops. The average grain yield varied from 3.51 to 5.27 t ha-1 over the treatments. In the third crop (T. aman rice), the grain and straw yields responded significantly to S and Zn applied either in the first and second crop or in the third crops. The grain yield of T. aman rice varied from 2.96 to 4.46 t ha-1 over the treatments. The growth and yield contributing characters were also significantly influenced by the treatment. There was a significant direct and residual effect of the treatments on S and Zn uptake by the crops.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i1.16987 Progress. Agric. 19(1): 33 - 38, 2008
Studies on <i>In vitro</i> Callus Induction and Regeneration from Nodal Explants of <i>Cassia alata</i> L.
Authors: Hasan MF , Rahman MS , Hossain MS , Rahman M 
Published: August 2014

A successful protocol for adventitious shoot regeneration was developed from the nodal explant derived callus tissue of Cassia alata. Greenish friable callus was induced from the cut surface of the nodal explants on MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mgl-1 2,4-D within twenty days of inoculation. The calli differentiated into adventitious shoots when they were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mgl-1 2,4-D and 0.5 mgl-1 Kn. In this treatment, the highest number of shoot induction per callus was 6.0 ±1.0. The callus derived shoots rooted on MS medium containing 1.0 mgl-1 IBA within ten days of culture. The in vitro grown plantlets were acclimatized and successfully transferred to natural condition with 80% survival.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i1.17105 Progress. Agric. 19(1): 39 - 44, 2008