bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficiency analysis of GCC academic libraries: an application of data envelopment analysis
Authors: Mohamed Shahwan Tamer , Kaba Abdoulaye 
Published: November 2013

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore and measure the relative efficiency of the academic libraries within the GCC countries in terms of their abilities to transform their allocated resources into a specific level of outputs using a non-parametric frontier method – data envelopment analysis (DEA).Design/methodology/approach– In order to estimate the overall efficiency score, as well as the technical and scale efficiency of the academic libraries within the GCC countries, online questionnaire is first addressed to academic libraries’ managers and directors. Second, three output measures – circulation, number of books added, and number of registered members and three input factors – number of books held, number of library staff, and the actual allocated budget are used in the analysis for the academic year 2010/2011. Third, the output-oriented version of DEA model is deployed to assess the performance and resource utilization efficiency of 11 academic libraries from the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Oman, and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Findings– Among the 11 academic libraries analyzed, five libraries are rated fully efficient whereas inefficiency of the other six libraries is attributed to pure technical inefficiency rather than scale inefficiency. The results also shed light on the area of improvement required for inefficient libraries.Research limitations/implications– The sample is small due to the culture of high tendency toward secrecy and confidential in the GCC region. Moreover, follow-up research using panel data derived from GCC countries is required to investigate the impact of policy changes on libraries performance as an attempt to test and generalize the current results.Originality/value– The paper is original in its application where the current study, as far as authors are aware, represents the first attempt to apply DEA approach for evaluating academic libraries performance in this part of the world.
In search of quality of life for a practical centenarian and his artistic wife
Authors: Stevenson Annie 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this case study is to highlight the importance of empowering and meeting the “higher needs” of the very old, which prolong a fulfilling life. Frailty in old age need not be feared and abhorred if society would accept that all of us need to live our lives as we wish until the end, and value those who assist us to do this. With the right attitudes to ageing and death and with the appropriate investment for a seamless care system that listens to, and functions well for those who need it, old age should be as enriching as any other time in life.

Design/methodology/approach
– Personal narrative of the author's parents ageing, this paper gives the background and personality of the frail older person and his wife, that contextualises the challenges they face in his very old age. The professional and personal experiences of the author as she tackles the obstacles to support them are drawn from her career in social care with memories from diaries written, as she accompanies her parents on their journey of physical and mental deterioration along with a quest for realising what they have and making the most of it.

Findings
– Given how challenging this journey is for an informed family, the implications are that in 2013 our “civilised” society still misunderstands the special and complex needs of frail older people, devalues them, and writes them off with institutionalised, rigid attitudes and services instead of working creatively to improve their lives. The paper observes how deeply rooted this is in us all.

Originality/value
– The combination of the author's background in social work and expertise in health and care with living so close to relatively unusually long-lived parents, offers a unique insight into why it is so challenging to achieve quality of life for very older people needing care and should be of interest to CCGs, social services departments, older people's care providers and carer and user organisations.
Living in France
Authors: Rowlands David 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to offer a personal insight from a retired care professional into attitudes to the ageing process and being old. It shows how moving to another country in later life can improve quality of life.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper is an invited opinion piece and comment based on the author's experiences in dealing with their own ageing. It is an autobiographical account which challenges conventional views about the expected ways to meet the challenges of ageing.

Findings
– Retirement need not lead to a “static” view of one's life. Meeting the challenge of moving to another country in later life can lead to new and renewed friendships, improvements in memory in learning a new language and developing enhanced awareness of other cultures. Moving house and home can be a stimulating adventure even when one is older.

Originality/value
– Personal insights from experienced care professionals can demonstrate ways of responding to the challenge of ageing that are constructive and positive. It could encourage others to take up and confront their own forms of “adventure” as they grow older.
Making meaningful connections: assessing for clinical work in a child residential setting
Authors: Onions Caryn 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to discuss the clinical assessment of children and the development of a multi-disciplinary team in an established residential school for children aged five to 12.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using clinical examples the paper describes how assessment can identify different levels of therapeutic need, and then how the decision is made whether or not to offer milieu therapy, music therapy, dramatherapy or psychotherapy.

Findings
– The paper suggests that children who have early histories of abuse and trauma have differing clinical needs.

Practical implications
– The implication is that children will engage better with the therapy if the level of intervention is sensitive to their state of mind, which in turn will help them make better use of the environmental provision of the school.

Originality/value
– The paper offers an original perspective on the possibilities and limitations of psychotherapeutic work with extremely vulnerable damaged children in a residential therapeutic setting, the Mulberry Bush.
Deconstructing Emo lifestyle and aesthetics: a netnographic research
Authors: Mortara Ariela , Ironico Simona 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The aim of this paper is to analyse the role of creative re-appropriation of goods, symbols, and other manifestations of the dominant material culture in the Emo subculture identity construction process.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors conducted an ethnographic study on a purposive sample of social networks, blogs, discussion forums and online platforms for images sharing. Verbatim and visual texts as photos, drawings and moodboards were qualitatively content analysed in order to understand the network of meanings underlying the ambiguous amalgam of signs composing the Emo style.

Findings
– Consistent with the literature, the qualitative content analysis of texts, images, videos, drawings and other forms of fan art typical of this micro culture revealed four key areas of semantic value: the aestheticization of inner pain, the sense of alienation and isolation from socio-cultural mainstream, the search for authenticity, and the need for emotional connection.

Research limitations/implications
– The research followed a quite new research method, the netnographic approach, originally developed to analyse brand communities.

Practical implications
– Emo creative practices of re-appropriation of goods, symbols and icons of the dominant culture reveal a subtle message of protest against the consumer society and the commodification of everyday life.

Originality/value
– The paper presents the deconstruction of Emo Lifestyle and Aesthetics analysing the system of meanings underneath the rituals Emos share through the Web.
Psychosocial Complications of Crohn's Disease and Cause of Death
Authors: Carson Henry J. , Dudley Mary H. , Knight Laura D. , Lingamfelter Daniel 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPatients who suffer from Crohn's disease are prone not only to the complications of a relapsing, unpredictable disease, but also to feelings of stigmatization; depression; and increased risk of suicidal ideation, suicide, or drug and alcohol abuse. Cases performed at the Jackson County Medical Examiner's Office from 2008 to 2010 were reviewed. Autopsy findings, investigator reports, toxicology results, medical records, and interviews with survivors were analyzed. Twelve cases of Crohn's disease were recovered. In 10 of these cases, inflammatory bowel disease was not the cause of death. Instead, psychosocial consequences of the disease had significant implications in the deaths. The mean age of decedents was 45 years, with a female predominance. In eight cases, the decedents lived alone. Five patients had issues of acute or chronic drug or alcohol use. Five patients committed suicide. These cases underscore the role of psychosocial factors that can contribute significantly to the cause of death in patients with Crohn's disease.
A Radiographic Study on the Utility of Cranial Vault Outlines for Positive Identifications
Authors: Maxwell Ashley B. , Ross Ann H. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA standard method for positive identification is the use of antemortem and postmortem radiographic comparisons. The purpose of this research is to test the visual accuracy of antemortem and postmortem radiographic comparisons of cranial vault outlines and to evaluate their uniqueness using geometric morphometric methods. A sample of 106 individuals with varying levels of education and forensic case experience participated in a visual accuracy test. Of the 106 individuals, only 42% correctly assigned all of the radiographs, with accuracy rates ranging from 70 to 93% for each radiographic comparison. Vault shape was further examined using elliptic Fourier analysis, and pairedt‐tests were computed on the first 10 principal components accounting for 100% of the variance, which found no significant differences. The visual accuracy test and elliptic Fourier analysis shows that vault outlines may not be unique enough for positive identifications when used as a sole indicator.
Effect of Extraction Procedure and Gas Chromatography Temperature Program on Discrimination of MDMA Exhibits
Authors: McManaman Karlie M. , Smith Ruth Waddell 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAnalysis of impurities in seized MDMA tablets can be used to determine the synthesis method used and to identify links among exhibits. However, no standardized method exists to generate impurity profiles, limiting comparisons among different laboratories. This research investigated the effect of extraction procedure and gas chromatography temperature program on the resulting impurity profiles. Five exhibits were extracted using liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) and headspace solid‐phase microextraction (HS‐SPME), then analyzed using two different temperature programs. Profiles were statistically assessed using principal components analysis. While LLE was more reproducible, more compounds were extracted using HS‐SPME, thus providing more informative chemical profiles. The longer temperature program (53 min vs. 36 min) allowed greater discrimination of exhibits, due to improved precision as a result of an extended hold time (12 min). This research further highlights the need for standardized extraction and analysis procedures to allow comparison of chemical profiles generated in different laboratories.
Acute Influence of Alcohol, THC or Central Stimulants on Violent Suicide: A Swedish Population Study
Authors: Lundholm Lena , Thiblin Ingemar , Runeson Bo , Leifman Anders , Fugelstad Anna 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAlcohol and substance abuse in general is a risk factor for suicide, but very little is known about the acute effect in relation to suicide method. Based on information from 18,894 medico‐legal death investigations, including toxicological findings and manner of death, did the present study investigate whether acute influence of alcohol, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), or central stimulants (amphetamine and cocaine) was related to the use of a violent suicide method, in comparison with the nonviolent method self‐poisoning and alcohol‐/illicit drug‐negative suicide decedents. Multivariate analysis was conducted, and the results revealed that acute influence of THC was related to using the violent suicide method–– jumping from a height (RR 1.62; 95% CI 1.01–2.41). Alcohol intoxication was not related to any violent method, while the central stimulant‐positive suicide decedent had a higher, albeit not significant, risk of several violent methods. The study contributes with elucidating suicide methods in relation to acute intoxication.
Influence of Paraquat on Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Infesting Minced‐beef Substrates in Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Mahat Naji A. , Yin Chu L. , Jayaprakash Paul T. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis study investigated the influence of paraquat, a prevalent poison used by suicides, on initial oviposition and development of Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) using minced‐beef substrates. Paraquat in lethal dose for human (40 mg/kg), two times the lethal dose (80 mg/kg) and five times the lethal dose (200 mg/kg) were mixed thoroughly with respective minced‐beef substrates (1 kg each) that were decomposed in a shaded habitat fully protected from rain. Results of four replications of the above experiment revealed that the presence of paraquat neither delayed initial oviposition nor prolonged the developmental stages of C. megacephala. Therefore, estimation of postmortem interval (PMI) based on empirical baseline data obtained using animal models devoid of any poisons would still be appropriate for estimating PMI in paraquat‐related deaths.
Six new and two newly recorded species of Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) in Korea
Authors: Ree Han Il 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAdult chironomids were collected by light trap operations, sweeping grasses with insect nets, and aspiration of light‐attracted adults at various localities. All collected specimens were slide‐mounted and identified. Six species new to science were found and named: Rheotanytarsus pseudopentapoda n. sp., Cricotopus byeonsanensis n. sp., Cricotopus parajogantertius n. sp., Limnophyes bukhandecimus n. sp., Limnophyes simensis n. sp. and Orthocladius jeongnungensis. Two species, Ainuyusuroka tuberculatum (Tokunaga) and Pseudosmittia nishiharaensis Sasa and Hasegawa, are found for the first time in Korea. All species are fully described with illustrations. This is the first report of the genus Ainugusurika in Korea.
Distribution of overwintering mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in grassy fields in the Republic of Korea, 2007–2008
Authors: Shin E‐Hyun , Lee Wook‐Gyo , Chang Kyu‐Sik , Song Bong‐Gu , Lee Sang‐Kee , Chei Young‐Mi , Park Chan 
Published: November 2013

AbstractOverwintering mosquitoes in a grassy field were surveyed at 13 different localities from December 2007 to February 2008 in the Republic of Korea (ROK). Mosquitoes were collected by putting a white colored tent on the grass, without the base, and heating the inside of the tent. A total of 784 female adults comprising seven species were collected during the study period, including 395 (45.6%) Anopheles pullus, 338 (43.2%) An. sinensis, 21 (2.7%) An. belenrae, 2 (0.3%) An. kleini, 43 (5.5%) Culex tritaeniorhynchus, 20 (2.5%) Cx. inatomii, and 1 (0.3%) Cx. pipiens complex. The mosquitoes showed different overwintering distributions by temperature zone and locality. Predominant species, the malaria vectors An. pullus and An. sinensis, showed different overwintering distributions. Anopheles pullus had a 90.9% collection rate except for Youngju and an average – 0.6°C temperature between December and February. Anopheles pullus showed >50% collection rate in most regions maintained below an average of −1.4°C, and the rate of An. sinensis showed more than 50% collection rate in all regions maintained at an average above −1.1°C. Other species showed regional characteristics; An. belenrae was distributed in the northwest part of the ROK, and An. kleini was collected rarely at one locality in the middle part of ROK. Culex tritaeniorhynchus, a Japanese encephalitis virus vector, was distributed in the southern and costal region and maintained at an above average of −1.0°C. Culex inatomii was collected on the coastal region of the ROK.
Effects of Water, Sodium Hypochlorite, Peroxyacetic Acid, and Acidified Sodium Chlorite on In‐Shell Hazelnuts Inoculated with Salmonella Enterica Serovar Panama
Authors: Weller Lisa D. , Daeschel Mark A. , Durham Catherine A. , Morrissey Michael T. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractRecent foodborne disease outbreaks involving minimally processed tree nuts have generated a need for improved sanitation procedures. Chemical sprays and dips have shown promise for reducing pathogens on fresh produce, but little research has been conducted for in‐shell hazelnuts. This study analyzed the effectiveness of 3 chemical sanitizers for reducing Salmonella on in‐shell hazelnuts. Treatments of water, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl; 25 and 50 ppm), peroxyacetic acid (PAA; 80 and 120 ppm), and acidified sodium chlorite (ASC; 450, 830, and 1013 ppm) were sprayed onto hazelnut samples inoculated with Salmonella enterica serovar Panama. Hazelnut samples were immersed in liquid cultures of S. Panama for 24 h, air‐dried, and then sprayed with water and chemical treatments. Inoculation achieved S. Panama populations of approximately 8.04 log CFU/hazelnut. Surviving S. panama populations were evaluated using a nonselective medium (tryptic soy agar), incubated 3 h, and then overlaid with selective media (xylose lysine deoxycholate agar). All of the chemical treatments significantly reduced S. Panama populations (P ≤ 0.0001). The most effective concentrations of ASC, PAA, and NaOCl treatments reduced populations by 2.65, 1.46, and 0.66 log units, respectively. ASC showed the greatest potential for use as a postharvest sanitation treatment.
Efficacy of Antimicrobials Extracted from Organic Pecan Shell for Inhibiting the Growth of Listeria spp.
Authors: Babu Dinesh , Crandall Philip G. , Johnson Casey L. , O'Bryan Corliss A. , Ricke Steven C. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractGrowers and processors of USDA certified organic foods are in need of suitable organic antimicrobials. The purpose of the research reported here was to develop and test natural antimicrobials derived from an all‐natural by‐product, organic pecan shells. Unroasted and roasted organic pecan shells were subjected to solvent free extraction to produce antimicrobials that were tested against Listeria spp. and L. monocytogenes serotypes to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of antimicrobials. The effectiveness of pecan shell extracts were further tested using a poultry skin model system and the growth inhibition of the Listeria cells adhered onto the skin model were quantified. The solvent free extracts of pecan shells inhibited Listeria strains at MICs as low as 0.38%. The antimicrobial effectiveness tests on a poultry skin model exhibited nearly a 2 log reduction of the inoculated cocktail mix of Listeria strains when extracts of pecan shell powder were used. The extracts also produced greater than a 4 log reduction of the indigenous spoilage bacteria on the chicken skin. Thus, the pecan shell extracts may prove to be very effective alternative antimicrobials against food pathogens and supplement the demand for effective natural antimicrobials for use in organic meat processing.
Identification and Partial Characterization of a Bacteriocin‐Like Inhibitory Substance (BLIS) from Lb. Bulgaricus K41 Isolated from Indigenous Yogurts
Authors: Zaeim Davood , Soleimanian‐Zad Sabihe , Sheikh‐Zeinoddin Mahmoud 
Published: November 2013

AbstractForty‐two strains of Lactobacillus bulgaricus isolated from locally made yogurts were examined and compared for bacteriocin producing ability using spot on lawn assay which improved by taking photo and image processing. Lb. bulgaricus K41 exhibited the highest inhibition level against indicators. K41 Bacteriocin‐like inhibitory substance is sensitive to proteolytic enzymes (proteinase K, pepsin, and trypsin) but α‐amylase makes slight reduction in its activity and it is resistant to lipase. This antibacterial peptide is extremely heat‐stable (121 °C for 15 min) and remains active over a wide pH range (pH = 2 to 10); also nonionic detergents (Tween‐20, Tween‐80, and Triton X100) showed no effect on its activity. The inhibitory spectrum is against Gram‐positive bacteria (except Staphylococcus aureus) with extremely antilisterial activity and it is almost ineffective against Gram‐negative bacteria. The mode of its action was identified as bactericidal against Listeria monocytogenes. The properties of K41 bacteriocin‐like inhibitory substance add to its safety as a biopreservative produced by a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) bacterium suggesting it can be used in hurdle technology for ready‐to‐eat foods as one of the main sources of Listeria contaminations.
Practical directions for the use of recall data in conservation science
Authors: Golden C. D. , Wrangham R. W. , Brashares J. S. 
Published: November 2013

Read the Feature Paper: Assessing the accuracy of interviewed recall for rare, highly seasonal events: the case of wildlife consumption in MadagascarCommentaries on this Feature Paper: Unusual data in conservation science: searching for validation; Wildlife consumption and recall accuracy – but is it recall of hunting, of cooking or of eating?
Conceptions of ‘community’ among older adults living in high‐density urban areas: An Australian case study
Authors: Vine Desley , Buys Laurie , Aird Rosemary 
Published: November 2013

AimThe aim of this study was to explore the social networks of community and its connection to location for older people living in inner city high density (ICHD).MethodUsing a case study approach employing qualitative (diaries, in‐depth interviews) and quantitative (global positioning systems and geographical information systems mapping) methods, this paper explores the everyday interaction and social networks and where they manifest spatially for a group of older ICHD Australians.ResultsSocial networks in two community territories were found to be of particular importance to participants in terms of influencing feelings of well‐being, support, social inclusion and cohesion. These two territories include the building where older people reside and the area immediately surrounding the building.ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of recognising the spatial aspect of community to better understand the social networks of community and their effects on well‐being and social cohesion for ICHD older people.