bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CKD‐501, a novel selective PPARγ agonist, shows no carcinogenic potential in ICR mice following oral administration for 104 weeks
Authors: Moon Kyoung‐Sik , Lee Ji‐Eun , Lee Hee Su , Hwang In‐Chang , Kim Dal‐Hyun , Park Hyun‐Kyu , Choi Hyun‐Ji , Jo Woori , Son Woo‐Chan , Yun Hyo‐In 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTCKD‐501 is a peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist that is effective for the treatment of diabetes. However, its carcinogenic potential remains controversial. The current carcinogenicity study was conducted over a period of 104 weeks in ICR mice. Three groups, each consisting of 60 male and 60 female mice, received oral CKD‐501 dosages of 0.2, 1.0 or 6.0 mg kg−1day–1. The mortality rates of the male control, 0.2, 1.0 and 6.0 mg kg–1 day–1 treated groups were 60%, 68%, 58% and 67%, respectively and 57%, 68% and 67% in the female control, 0.2 and 1.0 mg kg−1 day–1 treated groups. It was 67% in the female 6.0 mg kg−1 day–1 treated group, which was terminated at week 98 due to its increased mortality rate. No significant treatment‐related effects were observed on the survival rates, with the exception of females in the 6.0 mg kg−1 day–1 group. Body weights increased in females receiving 1.0 and 6.0 mg kg−1 day–1 due to the class effects of the PPARγ agonist. Differences were not found in hematology parameters between the CKD‐501‐treated groups and their corresponding controls, but the histopathological evidence did not reveal any findings attributed to CKD‐501. Treated animals exhibited non‐neoplastic findings (adipocyte proliferation, bone marrow hypoplasia cardiomyopathy), but all of these were expected changes for this class of compound. There were no treatment‐related neoplastic changes in this study. The results of this study therefore demonstrate a lack of carcinogenicity following oral administration of CKD‐501 to ICR mice for 104 weeks. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clinically Significant Missense Variants in Human GALNT3, GALNT8, GALNT12, and GALNT13 Genes: Intriguing In Silico Findings
Authors: Hussain Muhammad Ramzan M. , Nasir Jamal , Al‐Aama Jumana Yousuf 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTAberrant glycosylation by N‐acetylgalactosaminyl transferases (GALNTs) is a well‐described pathological alteration that is widespread in hereditary diseases, prominently including human cancers, familial tumoral calcinosis and hyperostosis–hyperphosphatemia. In this study, we integrated different computational tools to perform the in silico analysis of clinically significant mutations (nsSNPs/single amino acid change) at both functional and structural levels, found in human GALNT3, GALNT8, GALNT12, and GALNT13 genes. From function and structure based insights, mutations encoding R162Q, T359K, C574G, G359D, R297W, D303N, Y396C, and D313N substitutions were concordantly predicted highly deleterious for relevant GALNTs proteins. From intriguing findings, T359K‐GALNT3 was simulated with high contribution for disease susceptibility (tumor calcinosis) as compared to its partner variant T272K (Ichikawa et al. [2006] J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 91:4472–4475). Similarly, the prediction of high damaging behavior, evolutionary conservation and structural destabilization for C574G were proposed as major contributing factors to regulate metabolic disorder underlying tumor calcinosis and hyperostosis–hyperphosphatemia syndrome. In case of R297W‐GALNT12, prediction of highly deleterious effect and disruption in ionic interactions were anticipated with reduction in enzymatic activity, associated with bilateral breast cancer and primary colorectal cancers. The second GALNT12 mutation (D303N)—known splice variant—was predicted with disease severity as a result of decrease in charge density and buried behavior neighboring the catalytic B domain. In the lack of adequate in silico data about systematic characterization of clinically significant mutations in GALNTs genes, current study can be used as a significant tool to interpret the role of GALNTs reaction chemistry in disease‐association risks in body. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 313–327, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prenatal diagnosis and management of a massive fetal ovarian hemorrhagic cyst torsion with secondary fetal anemia
Authors: Vitezica Irena , Czernik Christof , Rothe Karin , Hinkson Larry , Ladendorf Barbara , Henrich Wolfgang 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTWe report the case of one of the largest prenatally detected fetal hemorrhagic cyst with ovarian torsion and fetal anemia leading to subsequent cesarean section delivery and further unilateral oophorectomy of the neonate. Usually, fetal ovarian cysts tend to resolve spontaneously within the first months after birth. There is no need of surgical treatment for such simple cysts. Routine sonographic examinations are obligatory, because in some cases complications such as massive hemorrhage, cyst rupture, or ovarian torsion with following infarction can occur. With the occurrence of these complex cyst signs by sonographic investigation, subsequent intervention should be considered by an interdisciplinary team. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 42:219–222, 2014
Parameters of seismic source as deduced from 1 Hz ionospheric GPS data: Case study of the 2011 Tohoku‐oki event
Authors: Astafyeva E. , Rolland L. , Lognonné P. , Khelfi K. , Yahagi T. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractFollowing the first‐time ionospheric imaging of a seismic fault, here we perform a case study on retrieval of parameters of the extended seismic source ruptured during the great M9.0 Tohoku‐oki earthquake. Using 1 Hz ionospheric GPS data from the Japanese network of GPS receivers (GEONET) and several GPS satellites, we analyze spatiotemporal characteristics of coseismic ionospheric perturbations and we obtain information on the dimensions and location of the sea surface uplift (seismic source). We further assess the criterion for the successful determination of seismic parameters from the ionosphere: the detection is possible when the line of sights from satellites to receivers cross the ionosphere above the seismic fault region. Besides, we demonstrate that the multisegment structure of the seismic fault of the Tohoku‐oki earthquake can be seen in high‐rate ionospheric GPS data. Overall, our results show that, under certain conditions, ionospheric GPS‐derived TEC measurements could complement the currently working systems, or independent ionospherically based system might be developed in the future.
Metallsubstituierte Carbene und C‐metallierte Diazoalkane, III1) Trimethylsilyl‐diazoessigsäureäthylester und seine Photolyse zum Trimethylsilyl‐äthoxycarbonylcarben
Authors: Schöllkopf Ulrich , Hoppe Dieter , Rieber Norbert , Jacobi Volker 
Published: September 2013

AbstractAus Quecksilber‐bis‐diazoessigsäthylester 3) und Bis‐trimethylsilyl‐sulfid (4) wurde Trimethylsily‐diazoessigsäureäthylester (5) bereitet. 5 ist thermisch ungewöhnlich stabil und addiert sich an Fumarsäurediäthylester (6) langsamer als Diazoessigsäureäthylester, was auf eine Stabilisierung des Grundzustandes durch die Trimethylsilyl‐Gruppe hinweist. – 5 ist photolytisch zu Stickstoff und Trimethylsilyl‐äthoxycarbonylcarben (2) spaltbar. 2 schiebt sich in die CH‐Bindung ein (Konkurrenzkonstanten: 2°:1RR = 3.5; 3°:1° = 1.5) und liefert mit Olefinen (neben den Produkten der C  H‐Insertion) in zu ca. 95% cis‐stereospezifischer Reaktion 1‐Trimethylsilyl‐1‐äthoxycarbonyl‐cyclopropane (23). – Aus 2‐Diazo‐3.3‐dimethyl‐butansäureäthylester (15) wurde photolytisch Äthoxycarbonyl‐tert.‐butylcarben (16) erzeugt. Im Unterschied zu 2 stabilisiert sich 16 (in Cyclopentan oder Isobuten) nahezu ausschließlich intramolekular zu 2.2‐Dimethyl‐cyclopropancarbonsäureäthylester (17) und Trimethylacrylsäthylester (18).
Neue Umlagerungen bei Fluorierungsreaktionen in wasserfreier Flußsäure
Authors: Alles Hans‐Ulrich , Klauke Erich , Lauerer Dorothea 
Published: September 2013

AbstractDie Fluorierung von Halogenameisensäure‐[2‐trichlormethyl‐phenyl]‐estern (1a, b) und von Trifluoressigsäure‐[trichlormethyl‐phenyl]‐estern (1c, d) mit wasserfreier Flußsäure führt zu 2.2.4.4‐Tetrafluor‐1.3‐benzodioxanen (2a) und zu 2.4.4‐Trifluor‐2‐trifluormethyl‐1.3‐benzodioxanen (2b, c). Aus 2‐Trichlormethyl‐phenylcarbonaten (5a) und ‐benzoaten (5b) werden α‐substituierte 2‐Difluormethoxy‐benzoylfluoride (6a, b).
Reaktionen von Chloracetaldehyd mit aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen, Phenolen und Phenoläthern
Authors: Sieber Rolf H. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractDurch Kondensation von Chloracetaldehyd mit aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen, Phenolen, Phenoläthern bzw. Thiophenoläthern und Umlagerung der Kondensationsprodukte bei erhöhter Temperatur können in einfacher Weise mit z. T. ausgezeichneten Ausbeuten 4.4′‐disubstituierte Stilbene gewonnen werden.
Über 4‐Methylen‐chinazolone‐(2)
Authors: Brack Alfred 
Published: September 2013

AbstractAus den Isocyanat‐Addukten der 2.2.4‐Trimethyl‐1.2‐dihydro‐chinoline (Tab. 2) erhält man mit starken Säuren unter Abspaltung eines C4‐Bruchstückes 4‐Methylen‐chinazolone‐(2) (Tab. 1). Diese werden mit der Fischer‐Base (1.3.3‐Trimethyl‐2‐methylen‐indolin) verglichen.
Reaktionen CH‐aktiver Verbindungen mit Aziden, XXVII1) Diäthylphosphono‐diazomethan
Authors: Regitz Manfred , Anschütz Walter 
Published: September 2013

AbstractDie Synthese von Diäthylposphono‐diazomethan durch entformylierende Diazogruppen‐Übetragung (1 → 4) wird beschrieben. Seine IR‐NMR‐spektroskopischen Daten werden mitgeteilt.
Subthreshold current modeling for fully depleted short channel double‐gate MOSFETs with consideration of structure asymmetry
Authors: Liu Xi , Jin Xiaoshi , Lee Jong‐Ho 
Published: September 2013

AbstractWe have proposed a subthreshold current model for fully depleted short channel double‐gate (DG) MOSFETs by considering the structure asymmetry. Potential distribution is derived by solving 2‐D Poisson's equation using variable separation technique. The degraded subthreshold characteristics variations due to structure asymmetry such as the difference of oxide thicknesses or biases between front‐gate and back‐gate can be exactly described. Also, body doping and other deep nanoscale design parameters such as body thickness and channel length were considered. The models have been verified by comparing with device simulations' results and found very good agreement. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Facile Synthesis of Thiol‐Functionalized Long‐Chain Highly Branched ROMP Polymers and Surface‐Decorated with Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Ding Liang , Qiu Jun , Zhu Zhenshu 
Published: September 2013

The synthesis of thiol‐functionalized long‐chain highly branched polymers (LCHBPs) has been accomplished in combination of ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) and thiol‐Michael addition click reaction. A monotelechelic polymer with a terminal acrylate and many pendent thiol groups is first prepared through adding an internal cis‐olefin terminating agent to the reaction mixture immediately after the completion of the living ROMP, and then utilized as an ABn‐type macromonomer in subsequent thiol‐ene reaction between acrylate and thiol, yielding LCHBPs as the reaction time prolonged. Au nanoparticles are then covalently conjugated onto the surface of thiol‐functionalized LCHBP to fabricate novel hybrid nanostructures, which is shown as one interesting application of such functionalized metathesis polymers. This facile approach can be extended toward the fabrication of novel nanomaterials with sophisticated structures and tunable multifunctionalities.
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Quality Issues with Public Domain Chemogenomics Data
Authors: Kalliokoski Tuomo , Kramer Christian , Vulpetti Anna 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe key concept in chemogenomics is the similarity principle that states that similar ligands should bind similar targets. Chemogenomic analysis requires large amounts of data and both powerful computational algorithms and computers. Data used for chemogenomics analysis can either be compiled from open sources, or they can be produced in‐house as is often done in the pharmaceutical industry. The chemogenomic modeller often has to resort to mixing activity values from different laboratories and even assay types to facilitate chemogenomic analysis. The amount of chemogenomics data available in the public domain has dramatically increased in recent years, allowing fully traceable analysis on a continuously increasing scale. However, some warning flags about the data quality have been raised and because the primary data determine the accuracy of chemogenomic analysis, the quality of the data is one of the key questions in chemogenomics. This mini‐review discusses some of the most common issues with public domain biological data related to chemogenomic analysis. The errors in data can originate from problems with the experiments themselves and their interpretation, or from more mundane issues such as data extraction and annotation. These issues are not unique for a certain database but are shared by all the public domain databases and can plague commercial and in‐house bioactivity databases as well.
Constrained Markov control processes with randomized discounted cost criteria: infinite linear programming approach
Authors: González‐Hernández Juan , López‐Martínez Raquiel R. , Minjárez‐Sosa J. Adolfo , Gabriel‐Arguelles J. Rigoberto 
Published: September 2013

SUMMARYIn this paper, we study constrained Markov control processes on Borel spaces with possibly unbounded one‐stage cost, under a discounted optimality criterion with random discount factor and restrictions of the same kind. We prove that the corresponding optimal control problem is equivalent to an infinite‐dimensional linear programming problem. In addition, considering the dual program, we show that there is no duality gap, and moreover, the strong duality condition holds. Hence, both programs are solvable, and their optimal values coincide. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Health‐related quality‐of‐life and psychological distress of young adult survivors of childhood cancer in Hong Kong
Authors: Chan Carmen W. H. , Choi Kai Chow , Chien Wai Tong , Cheng Karis K. F. , Goggins William , So Winnie K. W. , Li Chi Kong , Yuen Hui Leung , Li Chi Keung 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBackground and purposePrevious literatures on young adult survivors of childhood cancer show inconsistent findings with regards to their psychological distress and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). Much of the available data focus on negative patient outcomes following cancer treatments prescribed from 1970 to 1990. In the present study, HRQOL and psychological distress of young adult survivors in Hong Kong was examined. It focused on subjects who had received cancer treatments prescribed in the last two decades.MethodsA structured telephone survey was conducted with 614 eligible survivors and 208 sibling controls in Hong Kong.ResultsThe survivors reported significantly lower mean scores in physical role and functioning, whereas their mental, social, and psychological well‐being was similar to that of their sibling controls. Being female, older age, longer survival time, and specific cancer diagnoses were the factors associated with poorer physical and mental adaptation. HRQOL was negatively correlated with psychological distress.ConclusionsFindings of the study suggest that most survivors adjusted fairly well in mental, psychological, and social aspects. Survivors with a higher risk of poor HRQOL could benefit from appropriate screening and counseling at an early stage to mitigate their survivorship difficulties. Prospective follow‐up studies on childhood cancer survivors are recommended to detect changes over longer survival periods. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The development of the asparagus miner (Ophiomyia simplex Loew; Diptera: Agromyzidae) in temperate zones: a degree‐day model
Authors: Morrison William R. , Andresen Jeffrey , Szendrei Zsofia 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe asparagus miner is a putative vector of Fusarium spp., which have been implicated in globally declining asparagus production. Growers currently apply broad‐spectrum insecticides for the asparagus miner, but lack management guidelines for adequately controlling the pest. Our aims were (1) to determine the lower developmental threshold of the asparagus miner, (2) develop and validate a degree‐day model describing its phenology, and (3) create a developmental time budget for the asparagus miner to help guide growers' management decisions.RESULTSWe found that the lower developmental threshold for the asparagus miner was 12.1 °C, and that the phenology of the asparagus miner could be reliably predicted over the course of a two‐year study. Predictions from the model match well with previously published information on the bionomics of the asparagus miner, but fit better for sampling data collected from the midwestern and eastern United States than for the United Kingdom. The life cycle of the asparagus miner likely requires between 1500 and 2000 degree‐days to complete; the longest developmental time requirement was for the pupal stagenCONCLUSIONThis study provides tools for the targeted management of the asparagus miner by offering a degree‐day model that may be used to predict its life stages in the north‐eastern United States. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
The Role of Emotional Control in the Regulation of Mood in Parents of Children with Mucopolysaccharidosis
Authors: Biernacka Marta , Jakubowska‐Winecka Anna , Biernacki Marcin 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe aim of our study was to evaluate whether, on the basis of variables related to emotional control, we can anticipate mood change in parents of chronically ill children. Fifty‐four parents of children with diagnosed mucopolysaccharidosis participated in the study that was carried out during a rehabilitation programme for children with rare metabolic diseases. To assess emotional control, a Polish adaptation of the Courtauld Emotional Control Scale was used, and mood was measured with the UWIST Mood Adjective Checklist (UMACL). Mood was assessed twice, at an interval of 8 days, on the dimensions of hedonic tone, tense arousal and energetic arousal. The baseline level of each mood dimension accounted for about 30% of the mood variance measured after 8 days. After excluding the part of the mood variance associated with the baseline level, the variables related to emotional control appeared to be significant predictors of the mood assessed 8 days later. For hedonic tone, variables related to emotional control explained 15% of the variance; for tense arousal, it was 14% of the variance; and for energetic arousal, it was 10% of the variance. Depending on the type of emotion and the degree of control, differences in tendencies to respond with a particular mood were observed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Physical Properties of Low Viscosity Estolide 2‐Ethylhexyl Esters
Authors: Cermak Steven C. , Bredsguard Jakob W. , John Billee L. , Kirk Kristy , Thompson Travis , Isbell Katelyn N. , Feken Kati A. , Isbell Terry A. , Murray Rex 
Published: September 2013

AbstractAcetic‐ and butyric‐capped oleic estolide 2‐ethylhexyl (2‐EH) esters were synthesized in a perchloric acid catalyzed (0.05 equiv) one‐pot process from industrial 90 % oleic acid and either acetic or butyric fatty acids at two different ratios. This was directly followed by the esterification process incorporated into an in‐situ second step to provide a low viscosity estolide ester functional fluid. The monoestolide and polyestolides were separated via vacuum distillation (6–13 Pa) at 240–250 °C. The physical properties of these materials were followed throughout the synthetic process and are reported. The final low viscosity acetic‐ and butyric‐capped monoestolide 2‐EH esters had viscosities of 19.9 and 24.2 cSt at 40 °C and 4.8 and 5.5 cSt at 100 °C with viscosity indexes (VI) of 161 and 163, respectively. Both monoestolide esters displayed excellent pour points (PPs). The PPs of the two were as follows: acetic‐capped estolide 2‐EH ester PP = −45 °C and butyric‐capped estolide 2‐EH ester PP = −27 °C. The biodegradable short‐capped oleic estolide 2‐EH esters had excellent low temperature properties and should perform well in low viscosity applications.
Effect of Partial Weight–Supported Treadmill Gait Training on Balance in Patients With Parkinson Disease
Authors: Ganesan Mohan , Sathyaprabha Talakad N. , Gupta Anupam , Pal Pramod Kumar 
Published: September 2013

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of conventional gait training and partial weight–supported treadmill gait training (PWSTT) in improving the balance of patients with Parkinson disease (PD).DesignProspective randomized controlled design.SettingNational‐level university tertiary hospital for mental health and neurosciences.PatientsSixty patients with PD fulfilling the United Kingdom Brain Bank PD diagnostic criteria were recruited from the neurology outpatient department and movement disorder clinic.MethodologyThe patients were randomly assigned into 3 equal groups: (1) a control group that only received a stable dosage of dopaminomimetic drugs; (2) a conventional gait training (CGT) group that received a stable dosage of dopaminomimetic drugs and conventional gait training; and (3) a PWSTT group that received a stable dosage of dopaminomimetic drugs and PWSTT with unloading of 20% of body weight. The sessions for the CGT and PWSTT groups were provided for 30 minutes per day, 4 days per week, for 4 weeks (16 sessions).Outcome measuresThe Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor score, dynamic posturography, Berg Balance Scale, and Tinetti performance‐oriented mobility assessment (POMA) were used as main outcome measures.ResultsA significant interaction effect was observed in the UPDRS motor score, mediolateral index, Berg Balance Scale, limits of stability (LOS) total score, POMA gait score, and balance score. Post‐hoc analysis showed that in comparison with the control group, the PWSTT group had a significantly better UPDRS motor score, balance indices, LOS in 8 directions, POMA gait, and balance score. The CGT group had a significantly better POMA gait score compared with control subjects. Compared with the CGT group, the PWSTT group had a significantly better UPDRS motor score, mediolateral index, POMA gait score, and LOS total score.ConclusionPWSTT may be a better interventional choice than CGT for gait and balance rehabilitation in patients with PD.
Pressure jump interface law for the Stokes–Darcy coupling: confirmation by direct numerical simulations
Authors: Carraro T. , Goll C. , Marciniak-Czochra A. , Mikelić A. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIt is generally accepted that the effective velocity of a viscous flow over a porous bed satisfies the Beavers–Joseph slip law. To the contrary, the interface law for the effective stress has been a subject of controversy. Recently, a pressure jump interface law has been rigourously derived by Marciniak-Czochra and Mikelić. In this paper, we provide a confirmation of the analytical result using direct numerical simulation of the flow at the microscopic level. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first numerical confirmation of the pressure interface law in the literature.