bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti–inflammatory effects of cyclodextrin nanoparticles enable macrophage repolarization and combat inflammation
Authors: Brettner Felix Emanuel Benedikt , Gier Stefanie , Haessler Annika , Schreiner Jonas , Vogel-Kindgen Sarah , Windbergs Maike 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Inflammation is an essential contributor to the pathophysiology of numerous diseases, and dysregulation of the involved signaling cascades often culminates in uncontrollable disease progression and, ultimately, chronification. Effectively addressing these disorders is challenging due to their inherent complexity and the need to mitigate inflammation while preserving essential immune functions. Biomaterials have emerged as a promising research area for modulating and resolving inflammatory processes due to their high biocompatibility. Among these, cyclodextrins (CDs), particularly β-CD, are of interest based on their intrinsic anti-inflammatory properties. Chemical modification of the CD base structure to enhance physicochemical properties is a promising strategy to further increase the adaptability of CD-based biomaterials and maximize their therapeutic potential. In this study, we evaluated and characterized the immunomodulatory properties of amphiphilic CD derivatives, which self-assemble into particulate nanostructures, compared to the soluble parent cyclodextrin. Our results demonstrate a significant anti-inflammatory effect of all three CD nanoparticle types in a human macrophage model. These effects surpassed the soluble β-CD control and were specific to each derivative, depending on its underlying physicochemical properties. Notably, we observed significant downregulation of crucial pro-inflammatory markers, along with changes in inflammasome activation and the lipid profile of pro-inflammatory macrophages after CD nanoparticle application. The findings of this study underscore the potential of cyclodextrin-based nanoparticles as versatile biomaterials for treating the complex pathophysiology of various acute and chronic inflammation-associated disorders.
Epidemiological Study of Post-Pandemic Pediatric Common Respiratory Pathogens using Multiplex Detection
Authors: Wu Yidong , Zhou Jun , Shu Ting , Li Wei , Shang Shiqiang , Du Lizhong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The burden and characteristics of respiratory viral infections in children hospitalized for acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) during the post-COVID-19 pandemic era are unclear. We analyzed the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pediatric patients hospitalized with common respiratory virus infections before and after relaxation of non-pharmaceutical interventions in Hangzhou, China and evaluated the diagnostic value of the six-panel respiratory pathogen detection system.
Methods
Six types of respiratory viruses were detected in respiratory samples from children with suspected ARTIs by multiplex real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Changes in virus detection rates and epidemiological and clinical characteristics, obtained from electronic health records, were analyzed. Binary logistic regression was used to identify respiratory tract infections risk factors. Multiplex RT-qPCR and targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) results were compared in random samples.
Results
Among the 11,056 pediatric samples, 3,228 tested positive for one or more of six common respiratory pathogens. RSV and PIV-3 detection rates differed significantly across age groups (both P < 0.001), and were more common in younger children. PIV-1 was more common in infants, toddlers, and preschoolers than in school-age children (P < 0.001). FluB was predominantly detected in school-age children (P < 0.001). RSV-, ADV-, and PIV-1-positivity rates were higher in 2022 than in 2023. Seasonal viral patterns differed across years. RSV (OR 9.760, 95%CI: 6.280–15.169) and PIV-3 (OR 1.842, 95%CI: 1.235–2.748) were risk factors for lower respiratory tract infections. RSV-positivity was associated with severe pneumonia (P = 0.044). PIV-3 (OR 0.386, 95%CI: 0.168–0.886), summer season (OR 2.036, 95CI: 1.548–2.689), and younger age (OR 0.953, 95%CI: 0.893–0.979) influenced pneumonia severity. Multiplex RT-qPCR showed good diagnostic performance.
Conclusion
After changes in COVID-19 prevention and control strategies, six common respiratory viruses in children were prevalent in 2022–2023, with different seasonal epidemic characteristics and age proclivities. RSV and PIV-3 cause lower, and fluA, fluB, and ADV more typically cause upper respiratory tract infections. Infancy and summer season influence severe pneumonia risk. Multiplex RT-qPCR is valuable for accurate and timely detection of respiratory viruses in children, which facilitates management, treatment, and prevention of ARTIs.
The prognostic impact of Caudal-Type Homologous Transcription Factor-2 (CDX2) expression in duodenal cancer patients
Authors: Pan Jun , yang Zhihui , Jiao Xiaodong , Chen Ying , Chen Yitian , Chu Xiaoyuan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The study examined the expression of CDX2 in duodenal cancer and its impact on prognosis. Clinical data and pathological sections from 27 duodenal cancer patients who underwent radical surgery at Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University between September 2008 and December 2019 were analyzed. CDX2 expression was detected using immunohistochemistry. Survival analysis was performed through Kaplan-Meier analysis and the Log-rank test, with multivariate analysis conducted using the Cox proportional-hazards regression model. Univariate analysis revealed correlations between age, TNM stage, differentiation degree, nerve invasion, pancreatic invasion, CDX2 expression, and overall survival (OS) in duodenal cancer (P < 0.05), while pancreatic invasion and CDX2 expression were linked to disease-free survival (DFS) (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified TNM stage (P = 0.045) and CDX2 expression (P = 0.034) as independent prognostic factors for OS in duodenal cancer, with CDX2 expression (P = 0.04) also being an independent prognostic factor for DFS. The study indicates that CDX2 expression in duodenal cancer significantly influences prognosis, with positive expression associated with better outcomes and negative expression linked to poorer prognosis.
Studies on some Anthranilic acid based mixed ligand Metal(II) complexes: Synthesis, characterization, in-vitro biological evaluation, ADMET profiling, DFT and molecular docking
Authors: S Remya D , Dhanaraj C. Justin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Schiff base ligand L has been synthesized using 4-amino antipyrine, Furfuraldehyde, and 2-aminothiazole. This ligand, along with anthranilic acid (AA) and Metal(II) acetates of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) was used to produce mixed ligand complexes. Characterization of the synthesized compounds was conducted using various analytical and spectral methods including molar conductance, CHN analysis, FTIR, UV-Vis., 1H NMR, mass,ESR, and XRD. In Vitro,assessments were performed on L and its mixed ligand complexes with AA against several bacterial strains such as P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and S. aureus, together with two fungal species, A. niger and C. albicans. Additionally, the compounds were evaluated for their DNA cleavage and antioxidant potency. The results indicated that [CuL(AA)] exhibits higher biological activity compared to the other metal(II) complexes and L. Furthermore, the biological efficacy of L and its mixed ligand complexes with AA was evaluated using computational techniques, such as DFT as well as pharmacokinetic studies. Both the ligand and metal complexes exhibited notable potency, suggesting their potential as therapeutic agents for the treatment of deformities caused by pathogens.
SENSITIVE TO FREEZING2 is crucial for growth of Marchantia polymorpha under acidic conditions
Authors: Shimizu Shinsuke , Hori Koichi , Ishizaki Kimitsune , Ohta Hiroyuki , Shimojima Mie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Land plants have evolved many systems to adapt to a wide range of environmental stresses. In seed plants, oligogalactolipid synthesis is involved in tolerance to freezing and dehydration, but it has not been analyzed in non-vascular plants. Here we analyzed trigalactosyldiacylglycerol (TGDG) synthesis in Marchantia polymorpha. TGDG is synthesized by galactolipid:galactolipid galactosyltransferase [GGGT; SENSITIVE TO FREEZING2 (SFR2) in Arabidopsis]. We analyzed the subcellular localization and GGGT activity of two M. polymorpha SFR2 homologs (MpGGGT1 and MpGGGT2, each as a GFP-fusion protein) using a transient expression system in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and found that MpGGGT1-GFP localized in the chloroplast envelope membrane. We produced mutants Mpgggt1 and Mpgggt2 and found that TGDG did not accumulate in Mpgggt1 upon treatment of the thallus with acetic acid. Moreover, growth of Mpgggt1 mutants was impaired by acetic acid treatment. Microscopy revealed that the acetic acid treatment of M. polymorpha plants damaged intracellular membranes. The fact that the effect was similar for wild-type and Mpgggt1 plants suggested that MpGGGT has a role in recovery from damage. These results indicate that MpGGGT plays a crucial role in M. polymorpha growth under conditions of acid stress, which may have been encountered during the ancient terrestrial colonization of plants.
Analysis of Gillies Temporal approach vs Towel Clip method for reduction of Zygoma Fractures
Authors: Tiwari Mohini , Gupta Monika , Roy Srishti 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose- The purpose of this study was to analyse Gillies Temporal approach Vs Towel Clip method for reduction of zygoma fractures.
Method- A randomised comparative study was conducted on 30 patients having zygoma fractures confirmed with pre-operative NCCT face with 3 D reconstruction. Patients were divided into 2 groups, Group-1- Gillies temporal approach and Group-2- Towel clip method. Clinical observations were recorded in a predesigned proforma for all the patients and analysed statistically.
Results- Gillies Temporal Approach significantly p<0.001 took longer time for reduction than Towel Clip Method. Post-operative pain was experienced more in Group 1 than Group 2. Intraocular pressure was compared at different time intervals and significant difference was noted. Also, Occulocardiac reflex was observed in Group 1. Mean trismus index was 16.87±5.12 mm in Group 1 and 13.33±4.11 mm in Group 2 preoperatively which significantly increased to 51.93 mm in Group 1 and 51.73 mm in Group 2 one month post-op. Reduction was maintained post-operatively with good quality of outcome in both the groups.
Conclusion- Non-comminuted zygomatic complex fractures can be effectively treated using Towel Clip Method as this method is cost-effective, minimally invasive, safe, causing minimum or no damage to soft tissue and easy to perform based on surgeon’s skill and requires less operating time, proving it equally efficient method with excellent aesthetic outcomes.
A Wireless Reader for Detecting Frequency Shift of Passive Sensors
Authors: Beker Levent , Mirlou Fariborz , Bardakçı Emine , Abbasiasl Taher 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

A body area sensor network (bodyNET) consists of wearable and implantable sensors to monitor human physiological signals. While passive disposable, chip-free, and batteryless sensors are widely studied, benchtop equipment is still necessary for data collection, restricting users to laboratories. Efficient integration of passive on-skin and implantable sensors and readout circuitry is essential for data acquisition outside controlled laboratory environments. Here, we present a miniaturized flexible wireless reader (WiRe) designed for frequency-shifting passive sensors, which also possess power harvesting capability. WiRe is compatible with a wide variety of implantable or wearable passive sensors, suggesting an immense potential for medical applications. We utilized WiRe together with a passive capacitive strain sensor to observe frequency shifts during stretching and releasing. We demonstrate that the WiRe can non-invasively detect small frequency shifts, such as heartbeat, through in vitro tests.
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment in Complex Fault Systems: Exploring the Longitudinal Valley of Taiwan
Authors: Lu Ting-Ying , Chan Chung-Han 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study validates several seismic models used in PSHA studies and evaluates their impact on hazard levels in the Longitudinal Valley, Taiwan, a region with high seismic activity and data quality. The Gutenberg-Richter (G-R) law, fitting well for small to moderate magnitudes, faces uncertainties at larger magnitudes due to limited data. The pure characteristic earthquake (PCE) model assesses maximum earthquake recurrence rates for each seismogenic structure, challenging due to longer recurrence intervals. The Seismic Hazard and Earthquake Rates In Fault Systems (SHERIFS) model, incorporating G-R law and structure parameters, forecasts seismic activity for the study region and each individual seismogenic structure. The hazard maps, assessed based on various models, reveal differences, especially around the Milun Fault. The hazard curves for cities reflect varying hazard levels influenced by nearby faults. In the PCE model, the dominance of the Milun Fault in Hualien City is emphasized, while based on the SHERIFS model, the hazard is distributed across various faults. This indicates that the SHERIFS model effectively allocates the occurrence rates for each magnitude. This underscores the importance of multiple seismic models for precise hazard assessment, which is crucial for understanding earthquake physics and future PSHA in Taiwan.
Mechanism by which the inhibition of glycolysis by sodium butyrate alleviates liver injury in subchronic fluoride-exposed mice
Authors: Wu Zimei , Su Cuijing , Ma Zhiyu , Yan Nan , Liu Funing , Li Xin , Chen Jiayi , Bai Qifeng , Sun Zhenxiang , Wang Zhengdong , Ren Fu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aim
At present, liver injury caused by fluoride exposure has been found in animals and humans, but there is a lack of relevant drug treatments and research on the corresponding underlying mechanisms. Sodium butyrate is a new drug used to improve glucose metabolism that has been shown to have a positive effect on liver injury, but it has not been extensively studied in the field of liver injury caused by fluoride exposure. Therefore, in this study, exposure to fluoride in drinking water was used to establish a subchronic fluoride exposure mouse model to explore the specific metabolism-related mechanism by which sodium butyrate alleviates subchronic fluoride exposure-induced liver injury in mice to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of endemic fluoride exposure-related liver injury.
Materials and methods
In the present study, the mice were randomly allocated into four groups of ten mice each group: the control group, the fluorine exposure group (NaF), the sodium butyrate group (NaB), and the treatment group (NaF + NaB).
Key findings:
NaF-induced hepatic injury was confirmed by alterations in the levels of liver enzymes (ALT and AST), glucose and the glycolytic metabolite lactate and alterations in the protein and mRNA expression levels of ALDOA, PKM2, PFKp, PGK1 and LDH. Concurrent administration of sodium butyrate and NaF significantly reversed the alterations in the abovementioned parameters.
The downregulation of Autophagy in amygdala is sufficient to alleviate anxiety-like behaviors in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder model mice
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhu Qi , Zhou Siyao , Fang Silan , Cai Fangfang , Zhang Xinwen , Li Wen , Huang Zihan , Wu Kunqiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most serious and harmful stress-related emotion disorders caused by traumatic experiences. Upregulation of autophagy flux in neuronal cells has been believed to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of PTSD, however, the effect of upregulated autophagy on PTSD based on the specific brain regions has not been fully investigated. In our study, inhibition of autophagy in amygdala rather than mPFC of WT mice alleviated anxiety-like behaviors caused by PTSD modeling. Our results also suggested that Fmr1 KO mice might be a innate PTSD-nonsusceptible mouse model. In conclusion, the impact of autophagy on PTSD may depend on the specific brain regions even in the context of PTSD-related neuronal circuits.
Traditional knowledge surviving the new millennium: women's use of wild edible plant species in a Protected Natural Area.
Authors: Caballero-Roque Adriana , Silva-Rivera Evodia , Gómez-Tolosa María , Pérez-Farrera Miguel Angel , Tejeda-Cruz César , López Sergio 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Traditional knowledge on wild edible plants is at risk due to modernization and cultural erosion. Documenting this knowledge, especially in protected areas that overlap with biocultural hotspots, is important for biodiversity conservation, food security, and cultural heritage preservation. Our study aimed to document Tzotzil Mayan women's traditional use of wild edible plants within the Selva El Ocote Biosphere Reserve in Chiapas, Mexico. By doing so, we intended to contribute to biodiversity conservation efforts, enhance food security, and safeguard cultural heritage.
Methods
Semistructured interviews were conducted with 25 female heads of household in Emiliano Zapata, a community located in the Reserve's buffer zone. Information was gathered on the wild edible plant species used, plant parts consumed, preparation methods, and frequency of use. Plant samples were collected for identification. The data were analyzed to assess differences in species richness and diversity between the dry and rainy seasons and the influence of sociocultural factors such as education level and age on traditional knowledge.
Results
A total of 30 native plant species from 22 families were documented as wild edible plants, with leaves (40%) and fruits (33%) being the most commonly consumed parts. Species richness was greater in the dry season (22 species), while diversity was greater during the rainy season. Solanum americanum (nightshade) had the highest frequency of mention. Women with an elementary education reported knowing and using significantly more edible species than noneducated women. Older women exhibited a marginally greater frequency of use than younger women.
Conclusions
Our findings highlight the importance of traditional knowledge in identifying wild edible plant resources within protected areas. However, this knowledge faces threats from modernization and a decline in intergenerational transfer, as evidenced by the lower usage among younger women. Establishing policies that protect biodiversity hotspots, restore degraded areas, and recognize indigenous knowledge systems is crucial for the sustainable use of plant resources and maintaining biocultural diversity.
Design of novel Z-scheme g-C 3 N 4 /TiO 2 /CuCo 2 O 4 heterojunctions for efficient visible light- driven photocatalyic degradation of Rhodamine B
Authors: Hamza Aws M. , Alshamsi Hassan A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

One of the most important environmental challenges that needs to be resolved is the industrial discharge of synthetic dyes. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and flower-like copper oxide (CuO)/copper cobaltite (CuCo2O4) nanocomposites were synthesized in order to synthesis an effective visible light driven photocatalyst that could degrade Rhodamin B (Rh.B) dye under simulated solar light irradiation. The SEM and TEM results verifies that the flower-like CuO/CuCo2O4 (CCO) structure and g-C3N4/TiO2 (g-CN/TO) generated a smart hybrid structure with superior g-CN distribution. According to the photocatalytic studies, g- C3N4/TiO2/CuO/CuCo2O4 (g-CN/TO/CCO) shows good photodegradation of Rh.B dye (99.9%) in minmal times (1 h) in CCO: g-CN/TO (2:1) ratio by Z-Scheme mechanism. The enhanced visible light absorption and effective electron-hole pair separation provided by the synergistic dispersion of CuO/CuCo2O4 and g-C3N4 can be attributed to the improved photocatalytic performances. These novel insights into g-CN/TO/CCO based photocatalysts are useful for treating industrial effluent.
Elaboration of a Cauchy PSO based on MPPT for photovoltaic systems in comparison with classical MPPT techniques in partial shading scenarios.
Authors: saha Sanjoy kumar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

To different environmental circumstances, the solar cells' output power exhibits a nonlinear current-voltage characteristic. Photovoltaic (PV) systems use Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) to optimise their output power. In this study, a novel MPPT controller is suggested. The MPPT design is approached as an optimisation issue, the solution to which is found by using Cauchy PSO to determine the ideal controller settings. According to simulation data, the suggested method maximises the photovoltaic system's power output under a variety of environmental circumstances. Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) and the created Cauchy PSO method work similarly. This method has the benefit of providing the globally best-optimized output at a quicker rate of convergence. It can monitor the MP in variable load scenarios and harsh weather conditions. In addition to having a simpler structure, the suggested technique performs better in terms of rapid convergence than the normal PSO and some of the other methods.
Ground Pressure Hazard Monitoring and Early Warning in Complex Areas Research
Authors: zhang lixin , Deng zehui , li gang , Guangchao Liu , li yi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In order to solve the problems of MaKeng Iron Mine original ground pressure disaster prediction and warning indicators are single, the forecast accuracy is seriously insufficient, and there is a lack of intuitive on-line monitoring and early warning of ground pressure, the ground pressure indicators are screened through the improvement of XGBoost algorithm, and the key indexes of multi-source evaluation of the degree of danger of the ground pressure in the mining area are determined, and the results show that: The multi-indicator comprehensive early warning model based on the improvement of XGBoost algorithm The early warning results are consistent with the actual site, overcoming the defects of one-sided warning of single indicator and improving the reliability of early warning; the system realizes the remote configuration of the equipment as well as the automatic collection, analysis, early warning and visualisation of monitoring data, which is of important guiding significance for the monitoring and early warning of geopressure hazards of ground pressure hazards in complex areas.
A method for determining machine configurations for multidirectional pin-on-plate wear testing
Authors: Cremer Labau , Merwe Johan Van der , Becker Thorsten Hermann 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Pin-on-plate wear testing is a commonly employed technique for preclinical evaluation of the wear performance of articulating joint implant materials, as specified by ASTM F732. The latest revision of ASTM F732, introduced multidirectional wear assessment for 'hip-type' wear applications. While multidirectional pin-on-plate wear testing has been adopted to better account for cross-shear and mimic in vivo joint kinematics, selecting appropriate machine configuration for a particular case can be challenging due to the complex nature of the involved machine mechanisms. This study presents a method for formulating and verifying a data set that can be utilised to solve machine parameters for a specific load case. The proposed method employs standard gear radii and is demonstrated with an illustrative example case to showcase the method with a practical application. A holistic view of the parameter design space is formed in this paper, thus simplifying the overall machine parameter selection processes for multidirectional pin-on-plate wear testing.