bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitive and validated LC‐MS/MS methods to evaluate mycophenolic acid pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients
Authors: Kawanishi Misaki , Yano Ikuko , Yoshimura Kazuaki , Yamamoto Takashi , Hashi Sachiyo , Masuda Satohiro , Kondo Tadakazu , Takaori‐Kondo Akifumi , Matsubara Kazuo 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTMonitoring of pharmacodynamics in addition to pharmacokinetics is one of strategies to individualize mycophenolate mofetil therapy. The purpose of this study was to develop sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) methods for evaluation of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of mycophenolic acid (MPA). Concentrations of mycophenolic acid glucuronide (MPAG), mycophenolic acid acyl‐glucuronide, as well as unbound MPA and MPAG, were determined, and inosine‐5′‐monophosphate dehydrogenase activity was calculated by measuring concentrations of produced xanthosine‐5′‐monophosphate (XMP) and intracellular adenosine‐5′‐monophosphate after incubation of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) lysates. A metal‐free MastroTM column and two gradient patterns were used to improve the quantification limit of XMP to 0.1 μm. In the clinical MPA concentration range, the linearity of the calibration curve, inter‐ and intra‐day precision and accuracy satisfied the relevant US Food and Drug Administration guidelines. The MPA concentrations in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients determined by the enzyme assay and the present LC‐MS/MS method showed a good correlation (r2 = 0.95, p < 0.001). In this study, we report sensitive and validated LC‐MS/MS methods to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of MPA, which are sufficiently sensitive to assess small quantities of PBMC lysates collected shortly after HSCT. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Temporospatial identification of language‐related cortical function by a combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation and magnetoencephalography
Authors: Shinshi Misako , Yanagisawa Takufumi , Hirata Masayuki , Goto Tetsu , Sugata Hisato , Araki Toshihiko , Okamura Yumiko , Hasegawa Yuka , Ihara Aya S. , Yorifuji Shiro 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIntroductionIdentification of language‐related cortical functions can be carried out noninvasively by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and magnetoencephalography (MEG), which allow for lesion‐based interrogation and global temporospatial investigation of cortices, respectively. Combining these two modalities can improve the accuracy of the identification, but the relationships between them remain unclear. We comparedTMSandMEGresponses during the same language task to elucidate their temporospatial relationships and used the results to develop a novel method to identify language‐related cortical functions.MethodsTwelve healthy right‐handed volunteers performed a picture‐naming task duringTMSandMEG.TMSwas applied on the right or left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) at five time points, and the reaction times (RTs) for naming the pictures were measured. The temporospatial oscillatory changes measured byMEGduring the same task were then compared with theTMSresults.ResultsTranscranial magnetic stimulation of the leftIFGsignificantly lengthenedRTs at 300 and 375 msec after picture presentation, whereasTMSof the rightIFGdid not changeRTs significantly. Interestingly, the stimulus time point at whichRTs increased significantly for each individual was correlated with when the low gamma event‐related desynchronizations (ERDs) peaked in the leftIFG. Moreover, combining the results ofTMSandMEGimproved the detection rate for identifying the laterality of language function.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the low gammaERDs measured byMEGstrongly relate to the language function of picture naming in the leftIFG. Finally, we propose a novel method to identify language‐related cortical functions by combiningTMSandMEG.
Alcoholic Fermentation with Self‐Flocculating Yeast in a Tower Upflow Reactor
Authors: Pacheco Thályta F. , Galvão de Morais Júnior Wilson , Zanella Guidini Carla , Marquez Líbia Diniz S. , Cardoso Vicelma L. , Resende Miriam M. , Ribeiro Eloízio J. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractEthanol production using self‐flocculating yeast in a batch tower upflow reactor system operating with a recirculation loop was examined. Ethanol productivity, yield, and residual sucrose concentration were evaluated experimentally according to a central composite design with initial cell and sucrose concentrations and recirculation flow rate as independent variables. Yeast cell concentration strongly influenced the reactor performance. Alcoholic fermentation was conducted using this strain and reactor configuration which allowed for high productivity and high sucrose conversion. The ethanol yield was comparable with industrial yields. A kinetic study of the fermentation process under optimized conditions was performed using the experimental data and considering inhibition by sucrose and ethanol.
Impact of Hypertension on Global Cardiovascular Risk Stratification: Analysis of a Large Cohort of Outpatient Population in Italy
Authors: Tocci Giuliano , Battistoni Allegra , D'Agostino Michela , Palano Francesca , Passerini Jasmine , Francia Pietro , Ferrucci Andrea , Volpe Massimo ,   on behalf of the EFFECTUS Steering Committee
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundControl of hypertension remains a major unmet need, worldwide.HypothesisTo test whether the presence of hypertension may improve global cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification and achievement of therapeutic targets for CV risk factors in adult outpatients in Italy.MethodsPhysicians were asked to submit data covering the first 10 consecutive adult outpatients. All data were centrally analyzed for global CV risk assessment and rates of control of major CV risk factors, mostly blood pressure (BP) levels, in different high‐risk subgroups of hypertensive patients.ResultsOverall, 1078 physicians collected data of 9864 outpatients (46.7% females, age 66.1 ± 10.3 years) with valuable data on BP levels, among which 7147 (72.5%) had a diagnosis of hypertension and 2717 (27.5%) were normotensive subjects. Hypertensive patients were older and had a higher prevalence of major risk factors, including smoking, obesity, dyslipidemia, and family history of cardiovascular disease, as well as comorbidities, than did normotensive subjects (P < 0.001 for all comparisons). Despite worse control of BP (66.9% vs 36.2%, P < 0.001), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (40.5% vs 37.4%, P < 0.005), triglycerides (72.1% vs 67.8%, P < 0.001), and fasting plasma glucose (71.2% vs 67.0%, P < 0.005), hypertension was associated with larger availability and frequency of diagnostic examinations and greater use of antihypertensive, glucose‐lowering, and lipid‐lowering drugs, as well as antiplatelet agents, compared with normotension (P < 0.001).ConclusionsPresence of hypertension significantly improved clinical data collection and CV risk stratification. Such an approach, however, was not paralleled by better control of major CV risk factors.
Behavioral, emotional, and situational context of purging episodes in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Goldschmidt Andrea B. , Accurso Erin C. , Schreiber‐Gregory Deanna N. , Crosby Ross D. , Cao Li , Engel Scott G. , Mitchell James E. , Crow Scott J. , Peterson Carol B. , Le Grange Daniel , Wonderlich Stephen A. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe current study examined behavioral, emotional, and situational factors involved in purging among women with anorexia nervosa (AN).MethodWomen with AN (n=118) completed a two‐week ecological momentary assessment protocol involving daily reports of eating disorder behaviors, mood, and stressful events. Generalized estimating equations examined the likelihood and context of purging following eating episodes involving both overeating and loss of control (binge eating; BE); loss of control only (LOC); overeating only (OE); and neither loss of control nor overeating (non‐pathological eating; NE).ResultsRelative to NE, purging was more likely to occur following BE, LOC, and OE (Wald chi‐square = 18.05; p < .001). BE was more strongly associated with subsequent purging than LOC but not OE; the latter two did not differ from one another. Negative affect predicted purging following NE (Wald chi‐square = 7.71; p = .005).DiscussionBinge eating involving large amounts of food was the strongest predictor of purging in AN, which challenges the notion that loss of control is the most salient aspect of experiencing distress in bulimia nervosa and BE disorder. Parallel to findings from the BE literature, negative affect strongly predicted purging following NE. Further research should clarify the function and triggers of purging in AN. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:341–344)
Refeeding and weight restoration outcomes in anorexia nervosa: Challenging current guidelines
Authors: Redgrave Graham W. , Coughlin Janelle W. , Schreyer Colleen C. , Martin Lindsay M. , Leonpacher Anne K. , Seide Margaret , Verdi Antonia M. , Pletch Allisyn , Guarda Angela S. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTObjectiveCohort study from February 2003 through May 2011 to determine weight restoration and refeeding complication outcomes for patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) treated in an integrated inpatient‐partial hospital eating disorder program designed to produce rapid weight gain and weight restoration in the majority.MethodConsecutive admissions (females and males, adolescents and adults; N = 361 patients, 461 admissions) at least 1.8 kg below target weight with AN or subthreshold variants were included. Main outcome measures were rates of hypophosphatemia, transfer to medicine, or death; rates of weight gain and percent achieving weight restoration.ResultsHypophosphatemia was present in 7.9% of cases at admission and in 18.5% at some point during treatment. Hypophosphatemia was mild to moderate. Lower admission body mass index (BMI), but not rate of weight gain, predicted hypophosphatemia [OR = 0.65; p < .00001 (95% CI 0.57–0.76)]. Five patients (1.1%) were transferred to medicine or surgery, none because of refeeding. There were no deaths. Mean inpatient weight gain was 1.98 kg/week; mean partial hospital weight gain was 1.36 kg/week. By program discharge, 71.8% of adults reached a BMI of 19, 58.5% a BMI of 20. For adolescents, 80.4% came within 2 kg of their target weight; 76.1% came within 1 kg.DiscussionRefeeding patients with AN using a hospital‐based, behavioral protocol may be accomplished safely and more rapidly than generally recognized, weight restoring most patients by discharge. Helpful elements may include the program's integrated, step‐down structure; multidisciplinary team approach emphasizing group therapy to effect behavior change; and close medical monitoring for those with BMI < 15. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:866–873)
A Metalloligand Appended with Thiazole Rings: Heterometallic {Co3+–Zn2+} and {Co3+–Cd2+} Complexes and Their Heterogeneous Catalytic Applications
Authors: Bansal Deepak , Hundal Geeta , Gupta Rajeev 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThis work describes a Co3+‐based metalloligand containing appended thiazole rings and its reactions with secondary metal ions to produce heterometallic {Co3+–Zn2+} and {Co3+–Cd2+} complexes. Structural studies show that some of the appended thiazole rings from the metalloligand coordinate to secondary metal ions, whereas the remaining ones act as hydrogen‐bond acceptors to metal‐bound CH3OH or H2O molecules. These heterometallic complexes function as reusable heterogeneous catalysts for the ring‐opening reactions of epoxides as well as cyanation and Knoevenagel condensation reactions of aldehydes. The catalytic results illustrate that the microenvironment remains intact during the catalysis and potentially enhances the substrate interaction with the Lewis acidic secondary metal ions.
Lanthanide Complex Hybrid System for Fluorescent Sensing as Thermometer
Authors: Shen Xiang , Lu Ye , Yan Bing 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA mixed lanthanide complex was synthesized hydrothermally with two kinds of organic ligands, adenine and biphenyl‐4,4′‐dicarboxylic acid, and is formulated as Ad/Tb0.999Eu0.001/BPDC (Ad = adeninate, BPDC = biphenyl‐4,4′‐dicarboxylate). The photophysical properties, especially the fluorescent sensing properties, have been studied in detail and compared to those of Tb0.999Eu0.001/BPDC, with a single ligand. It can be used as a ratiometric luminescent thermometer on the basis of the energy transfer from Tb3+ to Eu3+, whose color will change from green–yellow to red from 100 K to 300 K.
Intercalative Ion‐Exchange Route to Amino Acid Layered Double Hydroxide Nanohybrids and Their Sorption Properties
Authors: Choi Goeun , Yang Jae‐Hun , Park Ga‐Young , Vinu Ajayan , Elzatahry Ahmad , Yo Chul Hyun , Choy Jin‐Ho 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA soft chemical route to amino acid layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanohybrids was demonstrated on the basis of an intercalative ion‐exchange reaction. Two different amino acids, phenylalanine and glutamic acid, were intercalated and stabilized in the interlayer space of a 2‐dimensional double hydroxide lattice by electrostatic interaction. An attempt was also made to understand the effect of the intracrystalline structure of the amino acid in the LDH on the specific surface area, porosity, and gas sorption properties of the hybrid. According to the X‐ray diffraction analysis, the basal spacings of LDH intercalated with phenylalanine and LDH intercalated with glutamic acid were expanded to 1.80 and 1.22 nm, respectively, relative to that of the pristine Mg2Al‐NO3‐LDH (0.88 nm), which indicates that amino acid molecules were successfully intercalated into the LDH. Fourier transform infrared spectra for both samples confirmed that the carboxylic acid group in the amino acid is anionic carboxylate under basic conditions and it eventually interacts with the positively charged LDH surface. From N2 adsorption/desorption analysis, the BET specific surface area of the LDH intercalated with phenylalanine was found to be twice as large as that for the LDH intercalated with glutamic acid. However, the CO2 adsorption capacity of the former was determined to be three times more enhanced than that of the latter, due to an enhanced specific surface area and effective amine sites to form carbamates.
Nucleophilic Cyclization of o‐Alkynylbenzamides Promoted by Iron(III) Chloride and Diorganyl Dichalcogenides: Synthesis of 4‐Organochalcogenyl‐1H‐isochromen‐1‐imines
Authors: Neto Jose S. S. , Back Davi F. , Zeni Gilson 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe have developed a method for the preparation 4‐organochalcogenyl‐1H‐isochromen‐1‐imines from o‐alkynylbenzamides. This electrophile‐promoted nucleophilic cyclization achieved by treatment with a combination of iron salts and diorganyl dichalcogenides. FeCl3 and diorganyl dichalcogenides reacted with o‐alkynylbenzamides under aerobic conditions at room temperature and in the absence of additives to give 4‐organochalcogenyl‐1H‐isochromen‐1‐imines in good yields and with good selectivities. The reaction took place with 0.5 equiv. of the diorganyl dichalcogenides, which demonstrates that both halves of the diorganyl dichalcogenides (RYYR → 2RY) were incorporated into the final product. Mechanistic studies suggested that the regioselectivity of the cyclization is governed by a seleniranium ion, a key intermediate formed by the electrophilic addition of the organochalcogen moiety to the carbon–carbon triple bond. The utility of the 4‐organochalcogenyl‐1H‐isochromen‐1‐imines was also demonstrated by their application as starting materials in Suzuki and Sonogashira cross‐coupling reactions.
First Total Synthesis of Piperenol B and Configuration Revision of the Enantiomers Piperenol B and Uvarirufol A
Authors: Fischer Thomas C. , Cerra Bruno , Fink Michael J. , Rudroff Florian , Horkel Ernst , Mihovilovic Marko D. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe report herein the first total synthesis of piperenol B, a polyoxygenated cyclohexene derivative with reported pharmacological activity isolated from Piper cubeb. The chiral building block for this synthetic approach is derived from microbial cis‐ipso,ortho‐dihydroxylation of sodium benzoate, which was optimized to the multi‐ten‐gram scale by reaction medium engineering. Final‐stage deprotection of an acetonide was investigated in detail, leading to an efficient eight‐step protocol for the synthesis of piperenol B with a total yield of 10 %. Most importantly, the previously assigned absolute configuration of piperenol B was revised and unequivocally established by 2D NMR analysis and the Mosher's ester method.
Fmox: A Base‐Labile Aldehyde Protecting Group
Authors: Diness Frederik , Meldal Morten 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA base‐labile aldehyde protecting group founded upon the 3‐Fmoc‐(1,3)‐oxazinane moiety has been developed. A series of novel or previously described acid‐labile aldehyde protecting groups were proven to be fully stable under the mild basic conditions, which completely removed the new base‐labile aldehyde protecting group. The possible reaction pathways for introducing and removing the different aldehyde protecting groups have been explored and characterized.
Graph‐based hybrid hyper‐heuristic channel scheduling algorithm in multicell networks
Authors: Dong Bei , Jiao Licheng , Wu Jianshe 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the scheduling problem that minimises the number of required channel without violation of traffic demand by considering the intercell interference and intracell interference simultaneously. This concerned problem is proved to be a non‐deterministic polynomial‐time hard problem. We propose a graph‐based hyper‐heuristic method composed of two level heuristics: the high level heuristic and a set of low level heuristics. A sequence of graph‐based low level heuristics is generated to guide the channel assignment process, and then searching in the heuristic space by the high level heuristic obtains the best channel scheduling scheme. The performance is tested on 20 benchmark problems, which show that the proposed graph‐based hyper‐heuristic algorithm is effective and outperforms the existing method. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Physiochemical and antioxidant properties of roselle‐mango juice blends; effects of packaging material, storage temperature and time
Authors: Mgaya‐Kilima Beatrice , Remberg Siv Fagertun , Chove Bernard Elias , Wicklund Trude 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA study was conducted to determine the effects of packaging materials, seasonality, storage temperature and time on physiochemical and antioxidant properties of roselle‐mango juice blends. Roselle extract (20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%) was mixed with mango juice and stored in glass and plastic bottles at 4°C and 28°C. Total soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, reducing sugar, color, vitamin C, total monomeric anthocyanins, total phenols, and antioxidant activity (FRAP) were evaluated in freshly prepared juice, and after, 2, 4, and 6 months of storage. The results showed that total soluble solids, reducing sugars, and pH increased with storage times under different storage time, irrespective of packaging materials. The acidity, color, total monomeric anthocyanin, vitamin C, total phenols, and antioxidant activity decreased during storage irrespective of storage temperature and packaging material. Loss of anthocyanins, total phenols, and vitamin C content were higher in blends stored at 28°C than 4°C.
Apolipoprotein E ε4 modulates functional brain connectome in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Wang Jinhui , Wang Xiao , He Yi , Yu Xin , Wang Huali , He Yong 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ4 allele is a well‐established genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent research has demonstrated an APOE ɛ4‐mediated modulation of intrinsic functional brain networks in cognitively normal individuals. However, it remains largely unknown whether and how APOE ɛ4 affects the brain's functional network architecture in patients with AD. Using resting‐state functional MRI and graph‐theory approaches, we systematically investigated the topological organization of whole‐brain functional networks in 16 APOE ɛ4 carriers and 26 matched noncarriers with AD at three levels: global whole‐brain, intermediate module, and regional node/connection. Neuropsychological analysis showed that the APOE ɛ4 carriers performed worse on delayed memory but better on a late item generation of a verbal fluency task (associated with executive function) than noncarriers. Whole‐brain graph analyses revealed that APOE ɛ4 significantly disrupted whole‐brain topological organization as characterized by (i) reduced parallel information transformation efficiency; (ii) decreased intramodular connectivity within the posterior default mode network (pDMN) and intermodular connectivity of the pDMN and executive control network (ECN) with other neuroanatomical systems; and (iii) impaired functional hubs and their rich‐club connectivities that primarily involve the pDMN, ECN, and sensorimotor systems. Further simulation analysis indicated that these altered connectivity profiles of the pDMN and ECN largely accounted for the abnormal global network topology. Finally, the changes in network topology exhibited significant correlations with the patients' cognitive performances. Together, our findings suggest that the APOE genotype modulates large‐scale brain networks in AD and shed new light on the gene‐connectome interaction in this disease. Hum Brain Mapp 36:1828–1846, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
View‐centralized multi‐atlas classification for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis
Authors: Liu Mingxia , Zhang Daoqiang , Shen Dinggang ,   the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: January 2015

AbstractMulti‐atlas based methods have been recently used for classification of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its prodromal stage, that is, mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Compared with traditional single‐atlas based methods, multiatlas based methods adopt multiple predefined atlases and thus are less biased by a certain atlas. However, most existing multiatlas based methods simply average or concatenate the features from multiple atlases, which may ignore the potentially important diagnosis information related to the anatomical differences among different atlases. In this paper, we propose a novel view (i.e., atlas) centralized multi‐atlas classification method, which can better exploit useful information in multiple feature representations from different atlases. Specifically, all brain images are registered onto multiple atlases individually, to extract feature representations in each atlas space. Then, the proposed view‐centralized multi‐atlas feature selection method is used to select the most discriminative features from each atlas with extra guidance from other atlases. Next, we design a support vector machine (SVM) classifier using the selected features in each atlas space. Finally, we combine multiple SVM classifiers for multiple atlases through a classifier ensemble strategy for making a final decision. We have evaluated our method on 459 subjects [including 97 AD, 117 progressive MCI (p‐MCI), 117 stable MCI (s‐MCI), and 128 normal controls (NC)] from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database, and achieved an accuracy of 92.51% for AD versus NC classification and an accuracy of 78.88% for p‐MCI versus s‐MCI classification. These results demonstrate that the proposed method can significantly outperform the previous multi‐atlas based classification methods.Hum Brain Mapp 36:1847–1865, 2015. ©2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.