bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustained Low Clinical Event Rates in Real‐World Patients Receiving Everolimus‐Eluting Coronary Stent System from a Large, Prospective, Condition of Approval Study: 2‐Year Clinical Outcomes from the XIENCE V® USA Study
Authors: HERMILLER JAMES B. , RUTLEDGE DAVID R. , GRUBERG LUIS , KATOPODIS JOHN N. , LOMBARDI WILLIAM , MAO VIVIAN W. , ZHAO WEIYING , SHARMA SAMIN K. , TAMBOLI HOSHEDAR P. , WANG JIN , JONNAVITHULA LALITHA , SUDHIR KRISHNANKUTTY , KRUCOFF MITCHELL W. 
Published: September 2012

Objectives:
This 2‐year follow‐up of the XIENCE V® USA study examines both the long‐term safety and effectiveness of the everolimus‐eluting coronary stent system (EECSS) in real‐world patients.
Background:
The safety and effectiveness of EECSS at 1 year in real‐world clinical settings have been demonstrated in XIENCE V® USA trial with low rates of target lesion revascularization (TLR), cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), and stent thrombosis (ST). Data on whether efficacy is maintained after 1 year and the event rate of very late stent thrombosis (VLST) between 1 and 2 years have not yet been reported.
Methods:
XIENCE V® USA is a prospective, multicenter, single‐arm, FDA required condition of approval study designed to examine the safety and effectiveness of EECSS in an all‐inclusive, consecutively enrolled population from real‐world clinical settings. Clinical end‐point events, including ST, cardiac death, MI, and revascularization were adjudicated by an independent Clinical Events Committee.
Results:
Four thousand eight hundred and seventy‐three (96.4%) out of 5,054 participants (1,875 standard‐risk; 3,059 extended‐risk) reached 2‐year follow‐up. The 2‐year rate of Academic Research Consortium (ARC)‐defined definite and probable ST was 0.96% (95% CI 0.70–1.28) in the overall population and 0.34% (95% CI 0.12–0.74) and 1.33% (95% CI 0.95–1.81) in the standard‐risk and extended‐risk cohorts, respectively. The rate of VLST was 0.06% in the overall population, 0.0% in the standard‐risk, and 0.10% in the extended‐risk cohorts. The 2‐year composite rate of cardiac death and ARC‐defined MI was 8.9% (95% CI 8.08–9.70) in the overall population and 5.6% (95% CI 4.61–6.78) and 10.8% (95% CI 9.71–11.94) in the standard‐risk and extended‐risk cohorts, respectively.
Conclusion:
Low event rates observed at 1 year were maintained through 2 years. Despite the increased number of patients who discontinued dual antiplatelet therapy by 2 years, the ST rate remained consistently low, and <1% at 2 years due to low VLST occurrence. These results demonstrate continued safety and effectiveness of the XIENCE V® everolimus‐eluting stent in a highly complex, real‐world patient population through 2 years. (J Interven Cardiol 2012;25:565–575)
Update on Medicare‐funded allied health chronic disease management consultations in dietetics and the five most referred professions in 2010
Authors: CANT Robyn P. , FOSTER Michele M. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAim:  Uptake of Medicare‐funded chronic disease management items has increased exponentially since the programme commenced in 2004. We aim to report on national utilisation of the five most referred of 13 allied health services and to examine patient uptake rates.Methods:  Annual statistics generated from national Medicare billing data from January 2010 to December 2010 were extracted from the Medicare public database and compared by profession, state and per capita population.Results:  The five most utilised individual services were: (in decreasing order) podiatry, physiotherapy, dietetics, chiropractic and speech pathology. They provided 94% of all allied health consultations nationally, on referral from general practitioners. Per capita utilisation revealed wide variation in uptake by state and territory; some states had far less services than the national average. Patterns of referral instanced by age range and gender of clientele differed between professions. Most dietetics clients were middle aged (45–74 years) and this fits with expectations of chronic disease incidence. There was inequity of access to group services for the management of type 2 diabetes, with most services (85%) provided in South Australia and New South Wales.Conclusion:  Dietetics providers have maintained and improved their referral rate and continue to be the third most utilised Medicare chronic disease management allied health service. Six years into the programme, further exploration is warranted to understand the reasons for wide variation in rates of patient uptake for the service provider professions.
Kinetics of Th17‐related cytokine expression in experimentally induced rat periapical lesions
Authors: Wei Shusheng , Kawashima Nobuyuki , Suzuki Noriyuki , Xu Jing , Takahashi Satomi , Zhou Mengyu , Koizumi Yu , Suda Hideaki 
Published: September 2012

AbstractTh17‐related cytokines are essential factors in various pathological states, including inflammatory bone destruction. This study investigated the contribution of Th17‐related cytokines to the progress of experimentally induced rat periapical lesions. Periapical pathoses were induced by unsealed exposure of the pulp chamber of the lower first molars. A variety of immunocompetent cells, including CD68+ macrophages, Ia antigen+ cells and TCRαβ+ T cells, were observed in the lesions. The expression levels of Th17‐related cytokines, IL‐17 and IL‐23, and of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, IL‐1β and IL‐6, were significantly increased at 14 days (expansion stage) compared with normal periapical tissues. The expression levels of Foxp3, a regulatory T cell (Treg)‐related gene, and of IL‐10, an anti‐inflammatory cytokine, were higher at 28 days (chronic stage) than at 14 days. These findings suggest that Th17‐related cytokines may be primary contributors to the initiation of periapical bone destruction, and that lesion expansion may be regulated by anti‐inflammatory mediators.
Secretory Sorting Receptors Carboxypeptidase E and Secretogranin III in Amyloid β‐Associated Neural Degeneration in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Plá Virginia , Paco Sonia , Ghezali Gregory , Ciria Victor , Pozas Esther , Ferrer Isidro , Aguado Fernando 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe secretory sorting receptors carboxypeptidase E (CPE) and secretogranin III (SgIII) critically activate peptidic messengers and targeting them at the regulated secretory pathway. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), the wide range of changes includes impaired function of key secretory peptidic cargos such as brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neuropeptides. Here, we analyzed CPE and SgIII in the cerebral cortex of AD patients and transgenic mice. In the normal human cortex, a preferential location in dendrites and perikarya was observed for CPE, whereas SgIII was mainly associated with axons and terminal‐like buttons. Interestingly, SgIII and CPE were consistently detected in astroglial cell bodies and thin processes. In AD cortices, a strong wide accumulation of both sorting receptors was detected in dystrophic neurites surrounding amyloid plaques. Occasionally, increased levels of SgIII were also observed in plaque associate‐reactive astrocytes. Of note, the main alterations detected for CPE and SgIII in AD patients were faithfully recapitulated by APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. These results implicate for the first time the sorting receptors for regulated secretion in amyloid β‐associated neural degeneration. Because CPE and SgIII are essential in the process and targeting of neuropeptides and neurotrophins, their participation in the pathological progression of AD may be suggested.
Coexistence of macro‐ and micro‐vascular abnormalities in newly diagnosed normal tension glaucoma patients
Authors: Mroczkowska Stephanie , Ekart Aniko , Sung Velota , Negi Anil , Qin Lu , Patel Sunni R. , Jacob Sarita , Atkins Carole , Benavente‐Perez Alexandra , Gherghel Doina 
Published: September 2012

Abstract.Purpose:  To investigate the coexistence of ocular microvascular and systemic macrovascular abnormalities in early stage, newly diagnosed and previously untreated normal tension glaucoma patients (NTG).Methods:  Retinal vascular reactivity to flickering light was assessed in 19 NTG and 28 age‐matched controls by means of dynamic retinal vessel analysis (IMEDOS GmbH, Jena, Germany). Using a newly developed computational model, the entire dynamic vascular response profile to flicker light was imaged and used for analysis. In addition, assessments of carotid intima‐media thickness (IMT) and pulse wave analysis (PWA) were conducted on all participants, along with blood pressure (BP) measurements and blood analyses for lipid metabolism markers.Results:  Patients with NTG demonstrated an increased right and left carotid IMT (p = 0.015, p = 0.045) and an elevated PWA augmentation index (p = 0.017) in comparison with healthy controls, along with an enhanced retinal arterial constriction response (p = 0.028), a steeper retinal arterial constriction slope (p = 0.031) and a reduced retinal venous dilation response (p = 0.026) following flicker light stimulation.Conclusions:  Early stage, newly diagnosed, NTG patients showed signs of subclinical vascular abnormalities at both macro‐ and micro‐vascular levels, highlighting the need to consider multi‐level circulation‐related pathologies in the development and progression of this type of glaucoma.
L’apport du patrimoine culturel à la société : changements en cours
Authors: Holtorf Cornelius 
Published: September 2012

RésuméDans la période récente, la réflexion sur le patrimoine culturel a passablement évolué dans le monde. Cet article examine ce que sera sans doute l’apport du patrimoine culturel à la société du xxie siècle en faisant valoir qu’aujourd’hui, pour la première fois depuis quelque 200 ans, son utilité pour la société ne paraît plus définitivement acquise, mais change au contraire rapidement. Si l’on veut qu’elle puisse être exploitée, il nous faut repenser de fond en comble ce que le patrimoine culturel peut signifier et faire dans la société contemporaine.
Le processus de transformation du patrimoine industriel : points forts et points faibles
Authors: Högberg Anders 
Published: September 2012

RésuméComment le récit du passé un site historique peut profiter à notre société ? C’est une question qui revient dans les discussions autour des études et pratiques patrimoniales ; les réponses suggérées ne manquent pas. Ce texte analyse ce qui a été retenu et ce qui a été oublié dans un processus de développement urbain au cours duquel le secteur autrefois industriel de Lomma Eternit au sud de la Suède a été transformé en quartier résidentiel huppé. Le résultat montre que la visualisation du patrimoine industriel résultant de la pratique du patrimoine culturel sur le site a donné un lieu aujourd’hui trèés apprécié mais potentiellement aussi source de conflits.
Éducation au contexte historique et Voyage dans le temps : un moyen de guérir une société malade de ses divisions?
Authors: Marais Louis 
Published: September 2012

RésuméPour faire redémarrer le processus de guérison et de réconciliation, souvent abandonné par les équipes au pouvoir, nous devons donner aux gens la possibilité de se réunir, de discuter et de dialoguer et d’apprendre les uns des autres. L’Éducation au contexte historique et Voyage dans le temps peuvent remplir cette fonction, en offrant un espace sûr pour affronter le passé et engager un dialogue fondé sur la réflexion, écouter d’autres points de vue, voir les choses avec des yeux différents et s’ouvrir à de nouvelles expériences.
Instrumentalisme dans l’apprentissage du patrimoine
Authors: Zipsane Henrik 
Published: September 2012

RésuméLes musées en Suède, comme dans beaucoup d’autres pays d’Europe font aujourd’hui l’objet d’un regard critique qui reflète une demande politique croissante pour plus de redevabilité, en termes de nombre de visiteurs, contribution à l’industrie touristique, visites de groupes scolaires et ainsi de suite. Beaucoup de professionnels des musées n’aiment guère cet ‘instrumentalisme’ et veulent plaider la cause de la culture et des musées pour eux‐mêmes. Cette critique s’appuie sur nombre d’idées inexactes sur ce que furent autrefois les musées, les archives et les sites patrimoniaux.
Association of Dietary Copper and Zinc Levels with Hepatic Copper and Zinc Concentration in Labrador Retrievers
Authors: Fieten H. , Hooijer‐Nouwens B.D. , Biourge V.C. , Leegwater P.A.J. , Watson A.L. , van den Ingh T.S.G.A.M. , Rothuizen J. 
Published: September 2012

BackgroundCopper‐associated hepatitis is an inherited disease in theLabrador Retriever. Apart from genetic factors, dietary intake of copper and zinc are suspected to play a role in the pathogenesis.ObjectivesTo investigate whether dietary copper and zinc levels of commercially available dry diets are associated with hepatic copper and zinc concentrations inLabrador Retrievers.AnimalsFifty‐fiveLabrador Retrievers that were fed a single brand and type of commercial dry food for at least 1 year. Of these, 44 dogs were family members ofLabrador Retrievers with copper‐associated hepatitis.MethodsLiver biopsies, blood samples, and diet samples were obtained. Liver specimens were scored histologically and copper and zinc concentrations were quantified. Dietary concentrations of copper and zinc were measured. The association between dietary intake of copper and zinc and hepatic copper and zinc concentrations was investigated by linear regression analysis.ResultsHigh dietary copper and low dietary zinc levels were significantly associated with high hepatic copper levels. No association between dietary intake and hepatic zinc was present.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceDietary copper and zinc at current levels in commercially available dry dog food can influence hepatic copper and can be a risk factor for the development of copper‐associated hepatitis inLabrador Retrievers with a genetic susceptibility to copper.
Association betweenABCB1 Genotype and Seizure Outcome in Collies with Epilepsy
Authors: Muñana K.R. , Nettifee‐Osborne J.A. , Bergman R.L. , Mealey K.L. 
Published: September 2012

BackgroundMedically refractory seizures are an important problem in both humans and dogs with epilepsy. Altered expression ofABCB1, the gene encoding for p‐glycoprotein (PGP), has been proposed to play a role in drug‐resistant epilepsy.HypothesisHeterogeneity of theABCB1 gene is associated with seizure outcome in dogs with epilepsy.AnimalsTwenty‐nine Collies with epilepsy being treated with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs).MethodsProspective and retrospective cohort study. Dogs were classified as having a good outcome (≤1 seizure/month, no cluster seizures) or a poor outcome (>1 seizure/month, with or without cluster seizures) based on owner‐completed questionnaire. SerumAEDconcentrations were measured, andABCB1 genotyping was performed on buccal tissue samples. Association analyses were performed for genotype and seizure outcome, number ofAEDs administered, serumAEDconcentrations, and incidence of adverse effects.ResultsFourteen dogs of 29 (48%) were homozygous for theABCB1‐1∆ mutation (M/M), 11 dogs (38%) were heterozygous (M/N), and 4 dogs (14%) had the wild‐type genotype (N/N). Dogs with the M/M genotype were significantly more likely to have fewer seizures and have lessAED‐related sedation than M/N or N/N dogs (P = .003 andP = .001, respectively). Serum phenobarbital and bromide concentrations did not differ between groups, but the M/N and N/N groups received a larger number ofAEDs than the M/M group (P = .014).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceABCB1 genotype is associated with seizure outcome in Collies with epilepsy. This cannot be attributed to differences inPGPfunction, but might be because of intrinsic variations in seizure severity among phenotypes.
Prospective Evaluation of NT‐proBNP Assay to Detect Occult Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Predict Survival in Doberman Pinschers
Authors: Singletary G.E. , Morris N.A. , Lynne O'Sullivan M. , Gordon S.G. , Oyama M.A. 
Published: September 2012

BackgroundOccult (asymptomatic) dilated cardiomyopathy (ODCM) is highly prevalent in Doberman Pinschers.Hypothesis/ObjectivesAssess ability of NT‐proBNP assay to detect ODCM and predict death.Animals155 asymptomatic Dobermans presenting for ODCM screening.MethodsEchocardiography, 24‐hour Holter, and NT‐proBNP assay were performed prospectively. Diagnosis was based on increased left ventricular end‐systolic dimension, >50 ventricular premature complexes (VPCs), or both on Holter. Utility was evaluated using receiver‐operating characteristic curves. Effect of age, weight, sex, disease status, VPCs, and NT‐proBNP on survival was analyzed using Kaplan‐Meier and Cox‐proportional hazard analysis.ResultsSeventy‐three (47.1%) Dobermans were diagnosed with ODCM, including 31, 17, and 25 that met Holter, echocardiographic, or both criteria, respectively. Sensitivity of NT‐proBNP > 457 pmol/L to detect these groups was 45.2, 76.5, and 96.0%, respectively. Combination of NT‐proBNP and Holter to detect ODCM yielded sensitivity of 94.5%, specificity of 87.8%, and accuracy of 91.0%. Follow‐up data were available for 78 Dobermans. The median survival time of Dobermans with > 50 VPCs (469 days), NT‐proBNP > 900 pmol/L (284 days), or ODCM (474 days) was significantly (P < .0001) shorter than those with < 50 VPCs (1743 days), NT‐proBNP < 900 pmol/L (1743 days), or without disease (1743 days). NT‐proBNP concentration and disease status were independently predictive of all‐cause mortality.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe combination of NT‐proBNP assay and Holter detected ODCM with high accuracy. NT‐proBNP and disease status were independently associated with survival. NT‐proBNP assay identified Dobermans with high probability of increased LVIDs consistent with ODCM, and can facilitate pursuit of confirmatory diagnostic testing, such as echocardiography, in suspected Dobermans.
Phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin inhibit function of P-gp but not MRP2 in Caco-2 cells
Authors: Sukhaphirom Naphassamon , Vardhanabhuti Nontima , Chirdchupunseree Hemvala , Pramyothin Pornpen , Jianmongkol Suree 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Objectives
The purposes of this study were to investigate the inhibitory effects of two lignans, phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin, on the function of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2), using the in-vitro model of Caco-2 cells. In addition, the effect of prolonged exposure to these two compounds on the expression of active P-gp was also determined.

Methods
The activity of P-gp and MRP2 was determined in the uptake assays by monitoring the intracellular accumulation of their specific substrates (calcein acetoxymethyl ester and 5(6)-carboxy-2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, respectively) with fluorescence spectroscopy.

Key findings
Hypophyllanthin and phyllanthin inhibited P-gp function with comparable potencies, but neither compound affected MRP2 activity. When the lignans were washed out before addition of substrate, the inhibitory action of both compounds against P-gp function was lost. These results suggested the reversibility of the inhibition. Moreover, prolonged exposure of the Caco-2 cells to both lignans (up to 7 days) had no effect on P-gp function.

Conclusions
Phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin directly inhibited P-gp activity and did not interfere with MRP2 activity. It was likely that both phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin could reversibly inhibit P-gp function.
Diurnal variation in CYP1A2 enzyme activity in South Asians and Europeans
Authors: Perera Vidya , Gross Annette S , McLachlan Andrew J 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Objectives
Response to some medications can depend on time of administration throughout the day. This study investigated diurnal variation in cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) activity in people of South Asian and European ancestry.

Methods
CYP1A2 activity was determined using the 4-h paraxanthine/caffeine saliva concentration ratio following a 100-mg oral dose of caffeine in healthy individuals of South Asian (n = 11) and European (n = 12) ancestry. Caffeine was administered in the morning and evening on three separate days.

Key findings
A higher CYP1A2 activity (mean ± standard deviation) was found in the morning (0.52 ± 0.17) when compared with evening (0.47 ± 0.17) (n = 23, P &lt; 0.05). When stratified by ethnicity, a difference in CYP1A2 activity was found in the morning (0.43 ± 0.13) and evening (0.35 ± 0.05) for South Asians (P &lt; 0.05), but not in Europeans (0.61 ± 0.15 and 0.56 ± 0.17, respectively). The intra-individual variation in CYP1A2 activity (% coefficient of variation, CV) of CYP1A2 activity ranged from 2.9 to 40.0% in the morning and 1.3 to 38.8% in the evening. Inter-individual CV was 32.1 ± 5.0% and 30.9 ± 6.4% in South Asians and Europeans, respectively.

Conclusions
This study observed diurnal variation of CYP1A2 activity in South Asians, resulting in lower enzyme activity in the evening.
Physicians' perceptions, attitudes and expectations regarding the role of hospital-based pharmacists in the West Bank, Palestine
Authors: Khdour Maher R , Alayasa Kawther S , AlShahed Qusai N , Hawwa Ahmed F 
Published: September 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the perceptions, expectations and experiences of physicians with regard to hospital-based pharmacists in the West Bank, Palestine.MethodsA self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 250 physicians practising in four general hospitals in the West Bank, Palestine. The main sections of the questionnaire comprised a series of statements pertaining to physicians' perceptions, expectations and experiences with pharmacists.Key findingsOne hundred and fifty seven questionnaires were completed and returned (response rate, 62.8%). The majority of respondents were most comfortable with pharmacists detecting and preventing prescription errors (76.4%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 69.5–81.2%) and patient education (57.9%; CI 51.2–63.4%) but they were not comfortable with pharmacists suggesting the use of prescription medications to patients (56.7%; CI 49.8–62.4%). Most physicians (62.4%; CI 56.8–69.1%) expected the pharmacist to educate their patients about the safe and appropriate use of their medication. However, approximately one-third (31.7%; CI 26.0–39.6%) did not expect pharmacists to be available for consultation during rounds. Physicians' experiences with pharmacists were less favourable; whereas 77% (CI 70.2–81.5%) of the physicians agreed that pharmacists were always a reliable source of information, only 11.5% (CI 6.2–16.4%) agreed that pharmacists appeared to be willing to take responsibility for solving any drug-related problems.ConclusionThe present study showed that hospital physicians are more likely to accept traditional pharmacy services than newer clinical services for hospital-based pharmacists in the West Bank, Palestine. Pharmacists should therefore interact more positively and more frequently with physicians. This will close the gap between the physicians' commonly held perceptions of what they expect pharmacists to do and what pharmacists can actually do, and gain support for an extended role of hospital-based pharmacists in future patient therapy management.