bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response Of Actinomycetes, Phosphatases And Urease To Soil Contamination With Herbicides
Authors: Baćmaga Małgorzata , Kucharski Jan , Wyszkowska Jadwiga , Tomkiel Monika , Borowik Agata 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
A laboratory experiment was completed to determine the effect of the herbicides Alister Grande 190 OD, Fuego 500 SC and Lumax 537.5 SE on counts of actinomycetes as well as the activity of enzymes and their resistance to herbicides. Sandy loam was mixed with appropriate doses of the herbicides, such as: 0 - the control, 1 - technological dose and doses 20-, 40-, 80- and 160-fold higher than recommended. On day 20, 40, 80 and 160, counts of actinomycetes and activity of urease, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase were determined. For 160 days, soil was incubated at 25°C and its moisture content was maintained on a constant level equal 50% of water capillary capacity. On days 20 and 80 of the experiment, the ecophysiological (EP) and colony development (CD) indices were computed. Additionally, the resistance (RS) of enzymes to the herbicides was assessed on day 20 and their resilience index (RL) was determined on day 160. It has been found out that soil contamination with herbicides contributed to elevated counts of actinomycetes. The highest number of these microorganisms was observed in soil with Lumax 537.5 SE, and the lowest one appeared in soil with Alister Grande 190 OD. The CD for actinomycetes was the highest in treatments with Fuego 500 SC and the highest EP was determined in soil with Alister Grande 190 OD. Application of the herbicides in doses from 20- to 160-fold higher than recommended by the manufacturer significantly increased the activity of acid and alkaline phosphatases. With respect to the activity of urease, the herbicides produced variable effects. The strongest inhibitory effect on the activity of urease was produced by Fuego 500 SC, which reduced the activity of this enzyme by 13.39% when added to soil in a dose exceeding by 160-fold the recommended rate. The RS of the enzymes to the herbicides ranged from 0.461 to 0.955. Urease was the most tolerant to soil contamination with the herbicides.
The ancestral conservative tillage of silver fir in the ‘Tisovik’ reserve of the Białowieża Primeval Forest
Authors: Korczyk Adolf F. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The ‘Tisovik’reserve, located in the Belarusian part of the Białowieża Forest, holds an isolated relic stand of silver fir, situated 120 km to the north-east of the main forest. In order to preserve this relic fir stand, a ancestral conservative tillage consisting of the Jd 92 trial (plot I) and the Jd 94 trial (plots II and III) was established between 1992 and 1994 in the Polish part of the Białowieża Forest on the territory of the Hajnówka Forest District. The growth and development of the progeny of 20 firs were characterized by means of long-term observations made in these trials. In 2000 (at the age of 18), the firs in the Jd 92 trial (plot I) reached an average height of 394.86 cm with a mean diameter at breast height of 42.42 mm and the average rate of survival amounted to 75%. In the Jd 94 trial, the rate of fir survival on plot II was 70% (at the age of 15) with an average height of 277.08 cm and a diameter at breast height of 36.62 mm, while on plot III only 50 trees with an average height of 198.6 cm and a diameter at breast height of 24.49 mm survived. The results of this study show that the fir progeny in the ‘Tisovik’ reserve is of high breeding value. Therefore, the silver fir seed stock of the ‘Tisovik’ reserve is suitable for the establishment of new plantations in the Polish part of the Białowieża Forest and the Mazury-Podlasie Region.
Pharmacogenetics May Influence Tacrolimus Daily Dose, But Not Urinary Tubular Damage Markers In The Long-Term Period After Renal Transplantation
Authors: Stefanović Nikola Z. , Cvetković Tatjana P. , Veličković-Radovanović Radmila M. , Jevtović-Stoimenov Tatjana M. , Vlahović Predrag M. , Stojanović Ivana R. , Pavlović Dušica D. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryBackground:The primary goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A5 (6986A>G) and ABCB1 (3435C>T) polymorphisms on tacrolimus (TAC) dosage regimen and exposure. Second, we evaluated the influence of TAC dosage regimen and the tested polymorphisms on renal oxidative injury, as well as the urinary activities of tubular ectoenzymes in a long-term period after transplantation. Also, we aimed to determine the association between renal oxidative stress and tubular damage markers in the renal transplant patients.Methods:The study included 72 patients who were on TAC based immunosuppression. Allele-specific PCR was used for polymorphism determination. We measured the urinary thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and reactive carbonyl derivates (RCD) in order to evaluate oxidative injury, as well as the urinary activities of ectoenzymes (N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, aminopeptidase N and dipeptidyl peptidase IV) to evaluate tubular damage.Results:The carriers of CYP 3A5*1 allele required statistically higher daily doses of TAC than CYP *3/*3 carriers, as well as the carriers of C allele of ABCB1 gene compared to those with TT genotype. Also, there were no differences in TBARS, RCD and the activities of ectoenzymes between the patients’ genotypes. Our results showed significant correlations between urinary TBARS and RCD and the ectoenzymes’ activities.Conclusions:Our findings suggest that CYP 3A5 and ABCB1 3435 polymorphism may affect TAC daily doses, but not the drug’s tubular toxicity. Furthermore, tubular damage may be associated with increased renal oxidative stress.
Hämoglobinvarianten – Pathomechanismus, Symptome und Diagnostik
Authors: Zur Berndt 
Published: September 2015

Zusammenfassung:
Hämoglobinvarianten, die nicht zu den bekannteren Formen der Thalassämien, Sichelzell-, HbC-, HbD-, HbE-Anomalien gezählt werden, stellen häufig eine diagnostische Herausforderung dar. Sehr gute Kenntnisse über die unterschiedliche Symptomatik und der Analytik sind Voraussetzung. Hier ist die laboratoriumsmedizinische Expertise von großer Bedeutung. Das Spektrum der Varianten ist vielfältig und kann bei mangelnder Fachkenntnis zur Fehlinterpretation führen. Hämoglobinvarianten mit niedriger Sauerstoffaffinität können sich durch Zyanose und niedrigen Sauerstoffsättigungswerten bemerkbar machen, welche mit erhöhter Sauerstoffaffinität durch Polyglobulien und die damit zusammenhängenden Komplikationen. Methämoglobinvarianten können besonders in der Pädiatrie ein differentialdiagnostisches Problem darstellen, das eine sorgfältige Begutachtung erfordert. Andere Varianten verursachen durch ihre Instabilität mehr oder weniger stark ausgeprägte Hämolysen oder auch thalassämische Syndrome, die schwere Krankheitsbilder darstellen können. Eine klare Abgrenzung ist nicht immer möglich, da sich die Klinik oft durch mehrere Eigenschaften äußert. Gemeinsam ist vielen Varianten ein autosomal dominanter Erbgang.
Fabrication and characterization of TiO2 nanotube arrays on Ti membrane enlarged by anodic oxidation
Authors: Kim Jong-Oh , Cho Chrul-Hee , Choi Won-Youl 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
TiO2 nanotube arrays have attracted a great deal of attention as photocatalytic and photoelectrode materials due to their large surface area, low cost and easy fabrication. Highly ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays for the photoelectrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells have been fabricated from Ti foil. However, the TiO2 nanotube arrays from Ti foil were not effective for the photocatalytic materials, because it had only one plane for the photocatalytic reaction. We have fabricated the TiO2 nanotube arrays from macroporous Ti metal membrane by anodic oxidation and tried to scale it up. Various factors were controlled to obtain the optimal microstructure of the TiO2 nanotube arrays on the surface of macroporous Ti metallic membrane. Microstructure and phase were studied by SEM and XRD, respectively. Temperature was a very important factor in anodic oxidation of large surface area. 10 μm thick TiO2 nanotube arrays on Ti metallic membrane having a large surface area were fabricated and some factors for scaling-up were discussed.
The credibility of risk information about licit substances: An exploratory study of attitudes among Swedish adults
Authors: Ekendahl Mats , Karlsson Patrik 
Published: September 2015

Aims Providing risk information on licit substances is a central health promotion strategy. There is, however, very little knowledge about public attitudes on this information. In this exploratory study we analyse the extent to which Swedish adults: 1) trust risk information regarding alcohol, cigarettes and wet snuff (“snus”) provided by public authorities, 2) perceive risk information regarding alcohol, cigarettes and snus as consistent, and 3) have received an adequate amount of risk information from public authorities regarding these substances. The aim is also to investigate if certain characteristics among participants are related to their perceptions of such risk information. Methods A questionnaire was mailed to a random sample of individuals aged 18 to 70 (n=1623, 54% response rate). Descriptive statistics and logistic regression techniques were used to process data. Results Participants trusted risk information concerning cigarettes, snus and alcohol provided by public authorities, and reported that they had received an adequate amount of it. Information about cigarettes was seen as more trustworthy and consistent than information about alcohol and snus. The study suggests that attitudes on risk information are substance-specific and associated in complex ways with gender, age, education and experience of own substance use. Conclusion While only a first attempt to map an under-investigated area, our study highlights complexities in how people perceive risk information about licit substances. It also indicates that the general population in Sweden receives what is seen as an adequate amount of knowledge from public authorities, and finds it consistent and trustworthy.
Morphological, Mechanical and Physio-chemical Performance of ortho-Cresol Epoxy Novolac Based Vinyl Ester Resin
Authors: Jaswal Shipra , Gaur Bharti 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Vinyl ester resin (VEOCN) was prepared from o-cresol epoxy resin (EOCN) and methacrylic acid in the presence of triphenyl phosphine as catalyst and hydroquinone as inhibitor with acid value of ~ 7 mg of KOH per gram of solid. O-cresol based novolac resin (OCN), OCN based epoxy resin (EOCN) and VEOCN were characterized by Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy (FT-IR), 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The thermal and mechanical behavior of the samples prepared at 30°C from VEOCN using styrene and methyl-methacrylate respectively as reactive diluents, in the presence of benzoyl peroxide (2 phr) as initiator was studied using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Chemical resistance of above VER samples was also evaluated as a function of % weight loss and with the help of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), upon immersing the VEOCN samples in different solutions for 90 days.
Homogeneous catalytic systems for selective oxidation of methane: state of the art
Authors: Balcer Sylwia 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Homogeneous catalysts for methane oxidation are of a particular interest from scientific and economic points of view. The results show a great potential for activation and functionalization of CH bonds of unreactive methane. There are still gaps in the knowledge of how to rationally design catalysts for this process. In this paper state-of-the-art. in methane oxidation homogenous catalysis is presented.
Biosorption of aniline blue from aqueous solution using a novel biosorbent Zizyphus oenoplia seeds: Modeling studies
Authors: Kumar M. , Elangovan G. , Tamilarasan R. , Vijayakumar G. , Mukeshkumar P.C. , Sendhilnathan S. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
This article presents the feasibility for the removal of Aniline Blue dye (AB dye) from aqueous solution using a low cost biosorbent material Zizyphus oenoplia seeds. In this study, a batch mode experiments of the adsorption process were carried out as a function of pH, contact time, concentration of dye, adsorbent dosage and temperature. The experimental data were fitted with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm equations. The feasibility of the isotherm was evaluated with dimensionless separation factor (RL). The kinetic data of sorption process are evaluated by using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order equations. The mode of diffusion process was evaluated with intra-particle diffusion model. The thermodynamic parameters like change in enthalpy (ΔHº); change in entropy (ΔSº) and Gibbs free energy change (ΔGº) were calculated using Van’t Hoff plot. The biosorbent material was characterized with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and the morphology was identified with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) in before and after adsorption of AB dye.
Studies on the production of glucose isomerase by Bacillus licheniformis
Authors: Nwokoro Ogbonnaya 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
This work reports the effects of some culture conditions on the production of glucose isomerase by Bacillus licheniformis. The bacterium was selected based on the release of 3.62 mg/mL fructose from the fermentation of glucose. Enzyme was produced using a variety of carbon substrates but the highest enzyme activity was detected in a medium containing 0.5% xylose and 1% glycerol (specific activity = 6.88 U/mg protein). Media containing only xylose or glucose gave lower enzyme productivies (specific activities= 4.60 and 2.35 U/mg protein respectively). The effects of nitrogen substrates on glucose isomerase production showed that yeast extract supported maximum enzyme activity (specific activity = 5.24 U/mg protein). Lowest enzyme activity was observed with sodium trioxonitrate (specific activity = 2.44 U/mg protein). In general, organic nitrogen substrates supported higher enzyme productivity than inorganic nitrogen substrates. Best enzyme activity was observed in the presence of Mg2+ (specific activity = 6.85 U/mg protein) while Hg2+ was inhibitory (specific activity = 1.02 U/mg protein). The optimum pH for best enzyme activity was 6.0 while optimum temperature for enzyme production was 50ºC.
Experimental analysis of an effect of the nutrient type and its concentration on the rheological properties of the baker’s yeast suspensions
Authors: Major-Godlewska Marta , Bitenc Marcelina , Karcz Joanna 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The aim of the study presented was to experimentally analyze an effect of the nutrient type and its concentration on the variability of rheological properties of the baker’s yeast suspensions for different time periods. Aqueous suspensions of the baker’s yeast of various concentration (solution I, without nutrient) and yeasts suspended in aqueous solution of sucrose or honey as nutrients with different concentration (solution II or solution III) were tested. Experiments were carried out using rotational rheoviscometer of type RT10 by a company HAAKE. The measurements were conducted for different time periods (from 1 h up to 144 h) at given fluid temperature. On the basis of the obtained data, rheological characteristics of the aqueous solution of baker’s yeast suspensions without and with nutrients of different sucrose or honey concentration were identified and mathematically described.
Electrical percolation in composites of conducting polymers and dielectrics
Authors: Katunin Andrzej , Krukiewicz Katarzyna 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
This article deals with the electrical conductivity of a composite of two polymers, one of which is a conducting polymer, whereas the second is a dielectric. The problem was formulated within the framework of electrical percolation, i.e., the percolation thresholds, which allow for a high electrical conductivity, is under investigation. For this purpose, a numerical model was developed, and its parameters were analyzed and discussed. Based on the determined thresholds, it was possible to evaluate the weight ratios of the conducting-dielectric polymers in a composite. The proposed approach allows for reducing the manufacturing cost of composite material with respect to conducting polymers with simultaneous retaining of high conductance properties of conducting polymers, as well as durability and flexibility of dielectrics.
Intraventricular entrapment of shunt catheter causing shunt malfunction
Authors: Agrawal Amit , Umamaheswara Reddy V. , Sandeep Yashwant 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Intraventricular septations can lead to compartmentalization of the ventricles that can result in “complex or loculated hydrocephalus”. We report a case of 7 year old female child who underwent multiple shunt revisions where there was intraventricular entrapment of shunt catheter leading to obstruction of the shunt and malfunction. In present case we placed the ventricular catheter in contra-lateral ventricle with good clinical outcome. With the recent advancements endoscopic guided removal of the old malfunctioning ventricular catheters is considered the safest option.
Intraoperative contralateral extradural hematoma during evacuation of traumatic acute extradural hematoma
Authors: Sharma Anand , Sharma Arti , Dewan Yashbir 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Introduction: Extradural hematomas (EDHs) accounts for approximately 2% of patients following head trauma and 5-15% of patients with fatal head injuries. When indicated, the standard surgical management consists of evacuation of the hematoma via craniotomy. Intraoperative development of acute extradural hematoma (AEDH) on the contralateral side following evacuation of acute extradural hematoma is uncommon and very few cases have been reported.
Case report: We report a case of 28 year-old-male who suffered from a severe head injury following assault and diagnosed as acute extradural hematoma over right fronto-parietal region with midline shift towards left. Patient underwent emergency craniotomy with acute EDH evacuation. Following evacuation of acute EDH the duramater was tense which was unusual finding. With anticipation of underling acute SDH small durotomy was done, but there were no sub dural hematoma. Bone flap were repositioned and closure were done. Patient was shifted for NCCT head from OT, which revealed 2.7cm acute EDH over left frantoparietal region. Patient was again shifted back to OT and left frontoparietal craniotomy with evacuation of hematoma was done. Postoperative NCCT head was satisfactory. However, the patient remained severely disabled.
Conclusion: Formation of contralateral EDH after AEDH surgery is a rare but potentially dangerous complication. A high degree of suspicion should be kept for contralateral extradural hematoma if during surgery there is tense duramater following AEDH evacuation. We would advise urgent NCCT head especially if a fracture is demonstrated on the preoperative CT scan on contralateral side. This would save some invaluable time, which may help in changing the outcome in some of the patients.
Follicular carcinoma of thyroid presenting as brain metastasis
Authors: Grandhi Bhavana , Syamasundara Byna , Agarwal Amit , Umamaheshwara Reddy P. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Metastatic brain tumors are a major cause of mortality in cancer patients. The primary tumor is most commonly seen in the lung, breast, colon and kidney and very rarely in the thyroid. We discuss a case of a 55year old lady with presenting complaints of seizures. There is a past history of carcinoma thyroid for which she had underwent total thyroidectomy. Craniotomy was done and histopathological examination revealed metastatic deposits from follicular carcinoma thyroid.
Theoretical Studies Regarding the Aromaticity of Some Non-Planar Circulenes
Authors: Pop Raluca , Medeleanu Mihai , van Staden Jacobus , Diudea Mircea 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The aromatic character of three non-planar circulenes has been
investigated at B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory. Global
aromaticity descriptors like HOMO-LUMO gap, enthalpy of formation and
exaltation of magnetic susceptibility outline a possible aromatic
character only for circulenes [4:64] and [7:67]. The
viability of isodesmic reaction schemes -for evaluation of the
enthalpies of formation- has been discussed. Local aromaticity
descriptors like HOMA (Harmonic Oscillator Model of Aromaticity), NICS
(Nucleus Independent Chemical Shift) and electronic delocalization
indices have been calculated for each outer ring of circulenes.
Guadalupe and the Castas
Authors: Cline Sarah 
Published: September 2015

A mid-eighteenth-century casta painting by Luis de Mena uniquely unites the image of the Virgin of Guadalupe and casta (mixed-race) groupings, along with scenes of everyday life in Mexico, and the natural abundance of New Spain. Reproduced multiple times, the painting has not been systematically analyzed. This article explores individual elements in their colonial context and the potential meanings of the painting in the modern era.
Una pintura de Luis de Mena sobre las castas, de mediados del siglo xviii, reúne de manera singular la imagen de la Virgen de Guadalupe, los agrupamientos de castas y escenas de la vida cotidiana en México, junto con la abundancia natural de Nueva España. Aunque reproducida en múltiples ocasiones, la pintura no ha sido analizada sistemáticamente. Este artículo explora sus elementos individuales en el contexto colonial y los significados potenciales de la pintura en la época moderna.
¿Derechos comunitarios vs. modernidad urbana? La upbcdf y su disputa por los panteones vecinales de la ciudad de México
Authors: Cruz González Óscar , Guillén Diana 
Published: September 2015

El artículo analiza el proceso organizativo y de movilización que, teniendo como centro la disputa por los panteones vecinales, se desarrolló en la ciudad de México entre 2001 y 2007. De acuerdo con la normatividad en ese entonces vigente, el control sobre los panteones vecinales correspondía a los pueblos originarios de la ciudad, por lo que las iniciativas para traspasar su manejo a la esfera estatal fueron de inmediato interpretadas como una pérdida de derechos comunales y enfrentadas a través de acciones contenciosas acompañadas de recursos legales. Enmarcado en el supuesto de que es posible construir ejercicios ciudadanos alternos a las formas de participación/representación surgidas de las urnas, el texto documenta tales respuestas e interpreta la emergencia de la Unión de Pueblos, Barrios y Colonias del Distrito Federal, upbcdf, como un actor colectivo con capacidad para incidir en la esfera pública.
This article analyzes the organization and mobilization process that centered on the dispute for the community cemeteries in Mexico City between 2001 and 2007. According to the regulations of the time, control of these cemeteries was held by the native communities of the city, which is why initiatives to grant their management to the State were immediately seen as a loss of communal rights for indigenous people and were met with contentious actions accompanied with legal recourse. Based on the assumption that it is possible to build citizen actions as alternatives to forms of participation/representation that arise from ballots, this article documents such responses and interprets the emergence of the Union of Native Communities, Neighborhoods, and Districts of Mexico City (Unión de Pueblos, Barrios y Colonias del Distrito Federal, upbcdf), as a collective actor with the capacity to impact the public sphere.