bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kondisi Foraminifera Bentik Sebagai Bioindikator Pada Ekosistem Terumbu Karang Di Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Pesisir Timur Pulau Weh, Sabang, Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Ulfah Maria , Zahra Avifah , Ocatvina Chitra , Ramadhaniaty Muthia , Khairunnisa Khairunnisa 
Published: August 2024

The East Coast Marine Conservation Area of Pulau Weh, Sabang (KKP PTPW) holds a lot of potential natural wealth. One of them is foraminifera which lives in coral reef sediments. Foraminifera are a group of single-celled organisms that can foram shells from their own bodies. This research aims to determine the type, abudance anda relationship of benthic foraminifera eith coral reefs and determine the condition of the coral reef ecosystem. This research was carried out from July to Sptember 2023 using a purposive sampling method, where benthic foraminifera samples were taken using a corer with five repetitions at one station and coral reef data was collected using the Point Intercept (PIT) method. The results of resecrh on benthic foraminifera found 33 families, 33 genera and 31 species with an average abudance of 1089 ind/m2 and average coral reef cover of 56,66% in the high category. Foraminifera have a very cose relationship with coral reefs, which is why foraminifera can be used as associates on coral reefs. Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Pesisir Timur Pulau Weh, (KKP PTPW) sabang, menyimpan banyak potensi kekayaan alam. Salah satu nya Foraminifera yang hidup pada sedimen terumbu karang. Foraminifera merupakan sekelompok organisme bersel tunggal yang dapat membentuk cangkang dari tubuh nya sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis, kelimpahan serta hubungan foraminifera bentik dengan terumbu karang dan mengetahui kondisi ekosistem terumbu karang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli sampai dengan September 2023 dengan metode purposive sampling, dimana pengambilan sampel foraminifera bentik menggunakan corer (Pipa Paralon) dengan lima kali pengulangan dalam satu stasiun dan pengambilan data terumbu karang dengan metode Point Intercept Transect (PIT). Hasil penelitian foraminifera bentik ditemukan sebanyak 33 family, 33 genus dan 31 spesies dengan kelimpahan rata-rata 1089 ind/m2 dan rata-rata tutupan terumbu karang 56,66% dengan kategori tinggi. Foraminifera mempunyai hubungan sangat dekat pada terumbu karang yang dimana foraminifera bisa dijadikan sebagai asosiasi pada terumbu karang.
Обязательство не судиться в международном и национальном праве
Authors: Гальперин Михаил Львович 
Published: August 2024

В статье демонстрируется общая проблема отсутствия универсальных правовых критериев допустимости соглашений об отказе от исков в национальные суды и международные трибуналы. В условиях глобального изменения восприятия системы юрисдикционной защиты на национальном и международном уровнях досудебные и внесудебные соглашения об урегулировании неизбежно будут получать распространение и вскоре, как некогда сделки о признании вины в американском праве, превратятся из исключения в правило, в саму систему правосудия. Без условий о взаимном отказе от исков в национальные и международные трибуналы (и сторон соглашения, и всех их резидентов) не смогут обойтись и будущие межгосударственные соглашения об урегулировании конфликтов. Фундамент таких соглашений — придание юридической силы содержащимся в них окончательным отказам от обращения с исками. На отказы, которые ведут свою историю со времен римского права, уже нельзя стыдливо закрывать глаза или гневно отвергать их, считая угрозой правовым устоям. С использованием исторических примеров, практики международных и национальных трибуналов в статье моделируется механизм регулирования отказов от исков и требований, который учитывает положения частного и публичного, материального и процессуального, национального и международного права, необходимость обеспечения баланса, с одной стороны, защиты фундаментальных прав и свобод, включая право на доступ к суду, а с другой — свободы договора.
Causes of Action Behind Parent Companies’ Accountability for Human Rights Violations in National Courts
Authors: Уланова Дарья Романовна 
Published: August 2024

The vertical nature of international human rights norms presupposes states to be the addressee of human rights obligations. Therefore, there is no corporate liability for human rights abuses under international law. National legislation also does not contain any explicit rule that would allow to hold a parent company liable for human rights violations committed by its subsidiary or supplier abroad. Nevertheless, even in the absence of a clear legal basis, the national courts of Canada, France, the UK and the Netherlands, express their willingness to recognise the existence of responsibility to respect human rights on the part of corporations. Furthermore, modern case law of the aforementioned states represents possibilities to actually hold corporations liable under tort and criminal law for violations of this obligation. The reason for these “bottom — up” developments appears to be the shift of focus from corporate to victims protection. Corporate legal autonomy originated from strict corporate separation principle, as it becomes questionable nowadays. The need for the developments was born from a laissez-faire approach applied to corporations over the years that gave them the possibility to become invisible in their home states and therefore insulate liability for wrongdoings abroad. National courts of Canada, France, the UK and the Netherlands in course of their judicial practice invoke a great variety of possible causes of action to be the ground of imposing the responsibility to respect human rights on corporations and consequently holding them liable for violation of that obligation. Causes of action encompass international human rights law provisions, invocation of duty of care concept, human rights due diligence framework and criminal law provisions. However, the question whether any cause of action invoked by national courts in order to hold parent companies liable for human rights abuses committed by their subsidiaries or suppliers abroad meets the criteria of universality and applicability at the international level.
Cross-sectional study of the factors predisposing to obstructive sleep apnea in the adult population attending ENT outpatient department with snoring in tertiary care center
Authors: Puthukudy Preetham A. , Feshan Musarrat , Arumugasamy Rathipriya 
Published: August 2024

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repetitive upper airway obstruction leading to stimulation of the cardiovascular system, oxygen desaturation, and sleep fragmentation. Overnight polysomnography (PSG) is the standard diagnostic test for Obstructive sleep apnea. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence and severity of OSA and the factors predisposing to OSA.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 98 patients with snoring were subjected to undergo polysomnography. Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), Oxygen desaturation events per hour, and Lowest oxygen desaturation events per hour were statistically analyzed. The Chi-square test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) test were used and the p value was calculated. Statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used for statistical analysis.
Results: In our study, the most common age group affected was between 51-60 years. The most common comorbidity found among the patients was hypertension. There was a positive correlation between OSA and neck circumference. The most common type of apnea was obstructive apnea. AHI was found to have a positive correlation with OSA and its severity. There was a significant association between average oxygen desaturation and OSA. There was also a positive correlation between ODI and OSA.
Conclusions: Increasing age, neck circumference, deviated nasal septum, and inferior turbinate hypertrophy had a strong association with OSA. Polysomnography shows the strong association of AHI, and oxygen desaturation events per hour with OSA.
MicroRNA-296-5p Expression in COVID-19 Patients and its Relationship with Inflammatory Cytokines
Authors: Barzin Tond Sepideh , Yarahmadi Sahar , Fadaei Reza , Farahmandian Navid , Sotoudeheian Mohammadjavad , Rostami Rahim , Khajavirad Nasim , Tafakhori Abbas , Shabani Minoosh , Riazi Ali , Fallah Soudabeh , Karima Saeed 
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The cytokine storm, triggered by the activation of certain pro-inflammatory genes in the second phase of COVID-19, is associated with severe acute respiratory disorder. Evidence suggests that microRNAs (miR) and cytokine levels can play pivotal roles in host cell antiviral defense mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the changes in IFN-γ inducible protein 10 (IP-10) and miR-296-5p expression, as well as their relationship with some inflammatory cytokines and biochemical variables in COVID-19 patients.
Methods: This retrospective single-center study was conducted on 30 COVID-19 patients and 30 controls. The expression of miR-296-5p and IP-10 genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was evaluated using real-time PCR. Serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP were measured by ELISA.
Results: Higher expression levels of miR-296-5p and IP-10 genes were observed in COVID-19 patients compared to controls (P=0.001). Furthermore, IP-10, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were significantly higher (PP<0.01) in COVID-19 patients than in controls. The results also showed positive correlations between miR-296-5p expression and serum levels of IL-6, CRP, and TNF-α in patients with COVID-19. ROC curve analysis of miR[1]296-5p in COVID-19 patients showed an area under the curve of 0.830, 95% CI (0.658-0.815), P<0.001, with an optimal cut-off point of 0.32965.
Conclusion: Our results suggest a regulatory role for miR-296-5p in cytokine secretion in COVID-19. The results indicate that the expression of miR-296-5p and IP-10 genes in PBMCs might serve as convenient novel biomarkers for the prognosis of COVID-19.
Assessing the Impact of Frailty on Infection Risk in Older Adults: Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Yang Ya , Che Kechun , Deng Jiayan , Tang Xinming , Jing Wenyuan , He Xiuping , Yang Jiacheng , Zhang Wenya , Yin Mingjuan , Pan Congcong , Huang Xiaoling , Zhang Zewu , Ni Jindong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Infectious diseases are among the leading causes of death and disability and are recognized as a major cause of health loss globally. At the same time, frailty as a geriatric syndrome is a rapidly growing major public health problem. However, few studies have investigated the incidence and risk of infectious diseases in frail older people. Thus, research on frailty and infectious diseases is urgently needed.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between frailty and infectious diseases among older adults aged 65 years and older.

Methods
In this prospective observational cohort study, we have analyzed the infectious disease prevalence outcomes of older adults aged 65 years and older who participated in frailty epidemiological surveys from March 1, 2018, to March 2023 in Dalang Town, Dongguan City, and from March 1, 2020, to March 2023 in Guancheng Street, Dongguan City. This study has an annual on-site follow-up. Incidence data for infectious diseases were collected through the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System—Infectious Disease Monitoring and Public Health Emergency Monitoring System. A project-developed frailty assessment scale was used to assess the frailty status of study participants. We compared the incidence rate ratios (IRR) of each disease across frailty status, age, and gender to determine the associations among frailty, gender, age, and infectious diseases. Cox proportional hazards regression was conducted to identify the effect of frailty on the risk of demographic factors and frailty on the risk of infectious diseases, with estimations of the hazard ratio and 95% CI.

Results
A total of 235 cases of 12 infectious diseases were reported during the study period, with an incidence of 906.21/100,000 person-years in the frailty group. In the same age group, the risk of infection was higher in men than women. Frail older adults had a hazard ratio for infectious diseases of 1.50 (95% CI 1.14‐1.97) compared with healthy older adults. We obtained the same result after sensitivity analyses. For respiratory tract–transmitted diseases (IRR 1.97, 95% CI 1.44‐2.71) and gastrointestinal tract–transmitted diseases (IRR 3.67, 95% CI 1.39‐10.74), frail older adults are at risk. Whereas no significant association was found for blood-borne, sexually transmitted, and contact-transmitted diseases (IRR 0.76, 95% CI 0.37‐1.45).

Conclusions
Our study provides additional evidence that frailty components are significantly associated with infectious diseases. Health care professionals must pay more attention to frailty in infectious disease prevention and control.
MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NANO-CRYSTALLINE MATERIAL IN METALLIC GLASS FORMERS
Authors: Al-Abboodi Hamid , Fan Huiqing , Al-Bahrani Mohammed , Abdelhussien Abdelsalam , Mohamad Barhm 
Published: August 2024

In order to evaluate the model metallic glass alloy’s mechanical properties (Fe49.7 Cr17.1 Mn1.9 Mo7.4 W1.6 B15.2 C3.8 Si2.4) prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) which have high velocity. We made an apparatus having three-point curve testing. The comparatively bulk sizes of sample in the current study permitted the creation samples for test with a macro scale cross-section (range of mm) consistent test dimensions, and well-controlled sample sizes. Cutting using a wire saw produced remarkably sharp notches with a radius that was 3 times smaller than in earlier studies. Our three-point bending apparatus allowed us to acquire the 231 GPa and 4.91 MPam1/2 values for notch fracture toughness and young's modulus. Additionally, the results of the Vickers indentation and flexure tests for young's modulus were reliable. Vickers indentation measurements of indentation fracture toughness produced values that were a minimum of 49.9% lower than those obtained flexure using. The method for examine micro scale mechanical properties described in this study and the accompanying scrutinizes are valid to samples with different ones or compositions that are made by further means.
Rituals of Passage: The Dayak Bakumpai Funeral Ceremony and its Religious Significance in Muara Tuhup Village, Central Kalimantan
Authors: Wijaya Ahmad Razikin , Rahmadi Rahmadi , Saputra Riza , Agustina Dewi 
Published: August 2024

The research is motivated by the phenomenon of funeral ceremonies in the Muara Tuhup Village. The research aimed to analyze The Dayak Bakumpai Funeral Ceremony and its Religious Significance in Muara Tuhup Village, Central Kalimantan. The research used a qualitative approach, with the research subject being the Dayak Bakumpai community involved in funeral ceremonies. Data were collected through participatory observation, interviews, and documentation. Data was analyzed using reduction, display, and data verification. The study results show that the Dayak Bakumpai funeral ceremony in Muara Tuhup combines local traditions with Islamic values in harmony. Also, it has a crucial role in maintaining the Dayak cultural identity, which must be preserved.
تطبيق تعليم خط النسخ لتحسين مهارة الكتابة لطلبة الصف السابع في المدرسة الثانوية الفلاح ليماه أبانغ، لووو الشمالية
Authors: Oktavia Ismi , Syamsuddin Naidin , Pamessangi Andi Arif 
Published: August 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة لمعرفة تحليل تنفيذ تطبيق تعليم خط النسخ لتحسين مهارة الكتابة لطلبة الصف السابع. لمعرفة تقييم نتيجة بحث تطبيق تعليم خط النسخ لتحسين مهارة الكتابة لطلبة الصف السابع. نوع هذا البحث هو البحث الإجرائي الصفي، باستخدام نموذجkemmis وMc Taggart. طريقة جمع البيانات هي الملاحظة وأسئلة الاختبار. نتائج هذا البحث تحسين مهارة الكتابة لطلبة بشكل جيد. ويتضح ذلك من خلال نتائج ملاحظات أنشطة تعلم الطلبة أثناء عملية التعليم. في الدورة الأولى، حصلت على درجة 2.5 بنسبة 62.5% في الفئة الضعيفة وفي الدورة الثانية ارتفعت إلى 3.3 بنسبة 82.5% في الفئة الجيدة. وقد لوحظ هذا الارتفاع من إجابات الطلبة حيث تم تنفيذ جميع مؤشرات البحث بشكل جيد. زاد إتقان تعليم خط النسخ لطلبة الصف السابع في المدرسة الثانوية الفلاح ليماه أبانغ قبل وبعد تطبيق تعليم الخط في كل دورة. ويتضح ذلك من خلال النسبة المئوية للطلبة الذين استطاعوا الوصول إلى الحد الأدنى من درجة معيار الاكتمال 70، حيث تم الحصول على متوسط الدرجة في الدورة ما قبل الدورة الأولى 67.16 مع نسبة اكتمال بلغت 44% في فئة الناقصين. وفي الدورة الأولى تم الحصول على 72.72 مع نسبة اكتمال وصلت إلى 68% في فئة كافٍ وبلغ متوسط القيمة في الدورة الثانية 77.76 مع نسبة اكتمال وصلت إلى 100% في فئة جيد.
الكلمات المفتاحية: التعليم، خط النسخ، مهارة الكتابة.
Pengembangan Media Interaktif Berbasis Macromedia pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Isim Dhomir Kelas VII MTs. Olang
Authors: Muhaemin Muhaemin , Wahyuni Anggreni Sri 
Published: August 2024

Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini yaitu: 1) Bagaimanakah proses pengembangan media interaktif macromedia flash pada pembelajaran bahasa Arab Isim Dhomir, 2) Bagaimanakah kevalidan pengembangan media interaktifÂ macromedia flash pada pembelajaran bahasa Arab Isim Dhomir.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan atau research and development (R&D), dengan rancangan penelitian yang diadaptasi dari model pengembangan Borg and Gall. Berdasarkan prosedur tersebut terdapat tiga tahap penelitian yaitu 1) analisis, 2) perencanaan, 3) pengembangan.Hasil dari pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis macromediaÂ untuk mata pelajaran bahasa Arab isim dhomir memenuhi kriteria valid dengan hasil uji coba ahli media mencapai tingkat kevalidan 88,57 dan ahli materi menapai kevalidan 87,5. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa media yang dikembangkan layak untuk di uji digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.Â Kata kunci: Pengembangan, Media Interaktif
Pengembangan Teknologi Cetak Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab
Authors: Syamsuddin Naidin 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRAK Permasalahan krusial yang dihadapi dalam pembelajaran bahasa arab yaitu keterbatasan media yang ada atau dengan kata lain keterbatasan dalam menyediakan media pembelajaran bahasa arab. Problematika tersebut menyebabkan rendahnya minat dan motivasi belajar bahasa arab peserta didik. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar bahasa arab peserta didik yakni dengan melakukan sistem pembelajaran yang menarik. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan yakni pengembangan teknologi cetak dalam pembelajaran bahasa arab.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model pengembangan teknologi cetak atau bahan cetak dalam pembelajaran bahasa arab. Adapun hasil pembahasan penelitian ini yaitu model teknologi cetak yang dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran bahasa arab meliputi buku teks, artikel ilmiah, lembar kerja siswa, modul pembelajaran dan komik. Teknologi cetak tersebut memiliki peranan esensial dalam meningkatkan pembelajaran bahasa arab. Â Implikasi dari penelitian ini yaitu tenaga pendidik dapat melakukan inovasi penyajian teknologi cetak atau bahan cetak pembelajaran bahasa arab sehingga mampu meningkatkan minat dan motivasi belajar peserta didik. Inovasi teknologi cetak pembelajaran bahasa arab tersebut disesuaikan kebutuhan peserta didik.Kata Kunci Â Â : Teknologi Cetak , Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab
Estrangeiros em Mar Português: uma análise de Maremoto,de Djaimilia Pereira de Almeida
Authors: Chaves Cardoso Bárbara 
Published: August 2024

This article proposes an intertextual reading of Maremoto (2021), by Djaimilia Pereira de Almeida, with the purpose of observing the rewriting of certain symbols related to the semantic field of the Portuguese Sea from a post-colonial and critical perspective on the gaps left by the Carnation Revolution. By the questioning of Boa Morte, a former Angolan soldier who fought alongside the Portuguese forces, colonial discourses that were not clearly revisited after decolonization processes, such as lusotropicalism, and keep the colonial past diffused and not enough problematized, are also put in question. The intertextuality with some emblematic works of the Portuguese literary canon allows Djaimilia Pereira de Almeida to be added as the most recent piece in a long reading of the Portuguese Sea. From her more recent perspective, attention is drawn to the African migrant who bypasses the city of Lisbon, still “Ostracized” and displaced from a space of belonging, an issue that continues to be discussed in contemporary Portuguese literature
Centro, habitat e o fascismo do consumo: uma leitura andreseniana de A caverna, de José Saramago, à luz da crítica corsária de Pier Paolo Pasolini
Authors: Feiteira Letícia Costa 
Published: August 2024

Este artigo realiza uma leitura da sociedade de consumo, à luz da crítica corsária de Pier Paolo Pasolini, tal como ela é retratada no romance A caverna (2000), de José Saramago. Partindo da noção de habitat, presente na “Arte poética I”, de Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen, busca-se examinar a relação problemática entre o sujeito e o tempo histórico diante dos desdobramentos pós-Revolução dos Cravos, os quais subvertem a expectativa de reconstrução democrática e contrastam com o projeto de inteireza andreseniano. Os três intelectuais analisados neste trabalho identificam-se entre si quando notam a existência de uma nova forma de poder em curso na (pós-)modernidade, cujo exame pasoliniano na década de 1970 assinala como esse novo poder não se apoia, como o fascismo clássico, nas instituições Pátria, Família e Igreja, mas trata-se de uma ordem tão mais feroz pois, sob a máscara da tolerância, impõe o “hedonismo” e a “joie de vivre” (Pasolini, 2020), tal como se evidencia no romance finissecular de Saramago.
Mário multifacetado: as cartas inéditas (1927-1934)enviadas para Jorge de Lima
Authors: Khéde Raphael Salomão 
Published: August 2024

A partir da leitura das cartas inéditas enviadas, entre 1927 e 1934, por Mário de Andrade a Jorge de Lima, o artigo procura reconstruir alguns elementos biobibliográficos dos dois autores. A correspondência, elaborada nos anos de difusão das ideias modernistas pelo país, fornece diversos dados relevantes para a interpretação da trajetória de duas figuras fundamentais da literatura brasileira do século XX. Ao apresentar o lado multifacetado de Mário de Andrade, as cartas desse período informam o leitor, sobretudo, a respeito da elaboração do Dicionário musical brasileiro (1989), de sua autoria, e da controversa questão do prefácio, escrito pelo autor paulistano, da novela O Anjo (1934), de Jorge de Lima.
Pengaruh Kandungan Senyawa Bioinsektisida Tanaman Patah Tulang (Euphorbia tirucalli) Terhadap Keanekaragaman Artropoda Pada Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Syarief Mochamad , Utami Christa Dyah , Fausi Muhammad 
Published: August 2024

Salah-satu kendala dalam budidaya tanaman jagung adalah hama dengan penggunaan insektisida sintetis yang berlebihan secara rutin, dapat mengakibatkan terbunuhnya musuh alami. Toksisitas terhadap Spodopter frugiperda menggunakan 6 taraf konsentrasi 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% menggunakan analisis Probit dengan PoloPlus Ver 1.0. Uji lapangan membandingkan bioinsektisida tanaman patah tulang (Pt) 21% dan Deltametrin (Dm) 2ml/l. Pengamatan artropoda menggunakan Yellow Pan Trap, Sticky Trap, Pitfall Trap dan Sweep Net. Parameter pengamatan meliputi: keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan artropoda meliputi Indeks Shannon-Wiener (H’), Indeks Dominansi Sympson (C), Indeks kesamaan jenis Sorensen dan hasil panen. Kesimpulan: hasil uji GCMS terdeteksi 35 komponen senyawa, kandungn tertinggi yaitu Tetradecanoic acid 15.53%. LC95 adalah 21%. Kelimpahan individu herbivor, polinator dan detrivor berbeda tidak nyata. Kelimpahan predator dan parasitoid bioinsektisida tanaman patah tulang lebih tinggi dibanding deltametrin. H` kedua perlakuan kategori sedang, produktivitas sedang, ekosistem seimbang, tidak ditemukan dominansi spesies, menunjukkan kesamaan spesies. Berat kering pipilan bioinsektisida tanaman patah tulang 152,59 gram per tanaman lebih banyak dibanding Deltametrin, 133,16 gram per tanaman.