bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health professionals’ experiences and views on obstetric ultrasound in Tanzania: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Bergström Cecilia , Ngarina Matilda , Abeid Muzdalifat , Kidanto Hussein , Edvardsson Kristina , Holmlund Sophia , Small Rhonda , Sengoma Jean Paul Semasaka , Ntaganira Joseph , Lan Pham Thi , Mogren Ingrid 
Published: August 2024

Background: Obstetric ultrasound is considered important for determining gestational age, identifying single or multiple pregnancies, locating the placenta and fetal anomalies and monitoring fetal growth and pregnancy-related complications in order to improve patient management. Objectives: To explore health professionals’ perspectives on different aspects of obstetric ultrasound in Tanzania regarding self-reported skills in performing ultrasound examinations and what could improve access to and utilization of obstetric ultrasound in the clinical setting. Design: Cross-sectional study. Material and Methods: Data was collected between November and December 2017 using a questionnaire based on previous qualitative research results from the CROss Country UltraSound Study (CROCUS Study). Seventeen healthcare facilities in 5 urban and semiurban municipalities in the Dar-es-Salaam region were included, with 636 health professionals participating (physicians, n = 307 and midwives/nurses, n = 329). Results: Most health professionals (82% physicians, 81% midwives/nurses) believed that obstetric ultrasound was decisive in the clinical management of pregnancy. Results indicate proficiency gaps across disciplines: 51% of physicians and 48.8% of midwives/nurses reported no or low-level skills in assessing cervical length. Similarly, deficiencies were observed in evaluating the four-chamber view of the fetal heart (physicians: 51%, midwives/nurses: 61%), aorta, pulmonary artery (physicians: 60.5%, midwives/nurses: 65%) and Doppler assessments (umbilical artery: physicians 60.6%, midwives/nurses 56.1%). Compared to midwives/nurses, physicians were significantly more likely to agree or strongly agree that utilization would improve with more ultrasound machines (odds ratio (OR) 2.13; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.26–3.61), better quality of ultrasound machines (OR 2.27; 95% CI 1.10–4.69), more training for health professionals currently performing ultrasound (OR 2.11; 95% CI 1.08–4.17) and more physicians trained in ultrasound (OR 2.51; 95% CI 1.30–4.87). Conclusions: Improving the provision of obstetric ultrasound examinations in Tanzania requires more and better-quality ultrasound machines, enhanced training for health professionals and an increased number of physicians trained in ultrasound use. To further increase the accessibility and utilization of obstetric ultrasound in maternity care in Tanzania, it is essential to provide training for midwives in basic obstetric ultrasound techniques.
Systematic Evaluation of Isometric Maximal Muscle Strength in an Orthopaedic Cohort
Authors: Ossendorff Robert , Lauter Lisa-Marie , Walter Sebastian G. , Sowa Marco , Haeder Gordon , Salzmann Gian M. 
Published: August 2024

Background: Although the lower extremities are essential for movement function and human gait, no normalized isometric maximum strength values, which include the factors gender, age, weight, height, and body mass index (BMI), have been defined to date for orthopaedic patients. Objective: To systematically analyze the isometric maximal muscle strength of a cohort in an orthopaedic outpatient clinic and to evaluate its relation to gender, age, weight, height, BMI, and the differences between diseases. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: Isometric maximal muscle strength of knee extension, knee flexion, hip abduction, and hip adduction was measured in orthopaedic patients of an outpatient clinic using a specific muscle strength measurement device. Correlation analysis was performed for age, gender, height, weight, and BMI. Patients were grouped by disease characteristics. Results: The cohort consisted of 311 subjects (sex: 164 male, 147 female; age: 48.63 years, SD = 16.595; BMI: 26.56 kg/m², SD = 4.9). Age correlated significantly with maximal isometric muscle strength. At the age of 54 years onward, based on 133 patients, a decline in maximum isometric muscle strength was detected. Gender showed a strong influence on maximal isometric muscle strength, with significantly higher values for male patients. Furthermore, weight and height, but not BMI, correlated significantly with muscle strength. Conclusion: For clinical studies comparing different evidence-based training interventions for rehabilitation, it is important to consider determinants such as gender, age, weight, and height for isometric maximum strength measurement. For further validation, follow-up examinations taking into account the performance level, other target groups, and other muscle groups are required to avoid the wide dispersion of isometric maximum strength values. These results and associated determinants are highly clinically relevant and can be used as a reference for further studies in the field of musculoskeletal regeneration.
Establishing a Reference Database for Select Clinical Measures in National Basketball Association Players
Authors: Anloague Philip A. , Strack Donald S. , Short Steve , Eaton Carl , Corbeil Joshua , Windle Shawn 
Published: August 2024

Background:Musculoskeletal injuries are prevalent in the NBA and are associated with a significant number of games missed. There is a lack of reference data for clinical measures in NBA players, making it difficult for sports medicine professionals to set goals and develop programs.Hypothesis:Values for clinical measures in NBA players will differ from those of the general population but will not differ between dominant (D) and nondominant (ND) limbs.Study Design:Descriptive laboratory study.Level of Evidence:Level 3.Methods:Clinical measures were taken on 325 players invited to NBA training camp (2008-2022). Measures included range of motion for great toe extension, hip rotation, weightbearing ankle dorsiflexion, flexibility, arch height (AH) indices, and tibial varum.Results:Clinical values for NBA players differ from reference norms of the general population. Results for NBA players include great toe extension (D, 40.4°; ND, 39.3°), 90/90 hamstring (D, 41.5°; ND, 40.9°), hip internal rotation (D, 29.0°; ND, 28.8°), hip external rotation (D, 29.7°; ND, 30.9°), total hip rotation (D, 60.2°; ND, 60.4°), Ely (D, 109.9°; ND, 108.8°), AH difference (D, 0.5 mm; ND, 0.5 mm), AH index (D, 0.310; ND, 0.307), arch stiffness (D, 0.024; ND, 0.024), arch rigidity (D, 0.924; ND, 0.925), tibial varum (D, 4.6°; ND, 4.5°), and weightbearing ankle dorsiflexion (D, 35.4°; ND, 35.6°). Descriptive statistics are presented; 2-tailed paired t tests show that, whereas most measures demonstrated differences between sides, the results were not statistically significant.Conclusion:Clinical measures of NBA players differ from those reported for the general population and athletes of other sports although there were no statistically significant differences between D and ND limbs.Clinical Relevance:Establishing a reference database may help clinicians develop more sensitive and more effective preseason and return-to-play screening processes, aiding the management of player orthopaedic care and reducing injury risk.
Residual capacity of RC beams subjected to impact loading: Influence of reinforcement ductility
Authors: Johansson Morgan , Leppänen Joosef , Andersson Malin , Pettersson Emma 
Published: August 2024

Reinforced concrete (RC) is commonly used for protectives structures subjected to impulse loading and in the design of such structures, knowledge gained from static load conditions is often used. However, the response of an impulse loaded structural member may be very different compared to a statically loaded one, and hence it is not for sure that the observations made at static loading are also valid when subjected to impulse loading. The aim of this study is to address this uncertainty and compare the residual capacity, in terms of strength and internal work, in RC beams subjected to a combination of impulse and static loads or static load only. The impulse load was generated using a drop weight impact in which tests of 12 beams were carried out, and the residual capacity was subsequently tested statically. In addition, six beams were subjected to static loading only as references. The beams were simply supported with a span length of 1.3 m, cross section of 0.1 × 0.1 m and 2 + 2 ϕ6 reinforcement bars of various ductility. Two sets of bars were used: regular bars and prestretched bars; the latter being cold-worked regular bars with increased yield strength but decreased ductility. The drop weight (10 kg or 20 kg) was dropped from a height of 5.0 m and a high-speed camera used to record the beams’ response. From the images obtained, Digital Image Correlation technique was used to measure deformations and crack propagation. For pure static loading and mild impact loading (10 kg) combined with static loading, beams with regular bars obtained higher internal work than beams with prestretched bars. However, for severe impact loading (20 kg) combined with static loading, the difference in internal work was negligible. Regardless of bar type, the internal work increased with increased severity of the impact loading.
Association between internet use and self-rated health of patients living with diabetes in the community
Authors: Mori Yuta , Tachi Tomoki , Hamano Hatsue , Kimura Keisuke , Matsumoto Kazutaka , Sakurai Hiroaki 
Published: August 2024

Objective It is not clear whether self-rated health is associated with internet use among community-dwelling patients living with diabetes. This study investigated what kind and level of use of the internet is desirable for the subjective sense of health among patients living with diabetes in the community. Research Design and Methods This was a cross-sectional study of patients living with diabetes aged 18 years or older who visited our clinic between April 2022 and June 2022. The final analysis included 654 subjects (mean age: 56–90 years). The objective variable was self-rated health, and the explanatory variable was purpose of internet use. We used logistic regression analysis to identify odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between internet use and self-rated health by purpose of internet use. Results Of the 654 patients living with diabetes using our clinic, 488 (64.7%) were internet users. Communication with friends/family (66.6%) was the most common use of the internet, followed by social media (54.3%) and shopping (36.7%). Logistic regression models showed that social media (OR: 1.81; 95% CI [1.02, 3.21], p = 0.04), shopping for food and other items (OR: 1.95; 95% CI [1.00, 3.77], p = 0.04), online securities and banking (OR: 2.75; 95% CI [1.02, 7.39], p = 0.04) were associated with self-rated health. Conclusions Using the internet for social media, shopping, and banking were found to be associated with self-rated health. Use for these purposes could help support diabetic care.
Positive views, attitudes, and acceptability toward mHealth applications in addressing queer sexual and reproductive health: Healthcare providers and the queer individuals
Authors: Seretlo R. J. , Mokgatle M. M. , Smuts H. 
Published: August 2024

Objective In the age of digital health, mankind has resources to write over the historical narrative of queer individuals’ healthcare exclusions. The main purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of both healthcare providers (HCPs) and queer individuals regarding the use of web-based tools and mobile health applications (mHealth apps) in the context of addressing queer individuals’ sexual and reproductive health services and needs (SRHSN). Methods An overall study was conducted as an exploratory sequential mixed method. This article provides findings from the performed qualitative cycle. The selection method was led by purposeful sampling, which targeted 33 HCPs delivering SRHSN within the defined study settings. Additionally, respondent-driven sampling was employed to select 22 queer individuals. Throughout the study, semi-structured one-on-one face-to-face interviews were used to collect data. Results Four major themes and related sub-themes emerged from HCPs and queer individuals: (a) aid queer individuals with consultations and treatment improvements, (b) drawing parallels with technology in other sectors, (c) enhancing knowledge and education, and (d) positive perception of technological advancements. Conclusions In accordance with our findings, HCPs and queer individuals were all positive and sees mHealth apps as a tool to address SRHSN for homosexual people.
Outcomes of Total Shoulder Arthroplasty With and Without Prior Rotator Cuff Repair: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hop Jack C. , Belk John W. , Mayer Braden K. , Frank Rachel M. , Seidl Adam J. , McCarty Eric C. , Bravman Jonathan T. 
Published: August 2024

Background: The effect of prior rotator cuff repair (RCR) on clinical outcomes after total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) is unclear. Purpose: To systematically review the literature to compare the outcomes of TSA in patients with and without prior RCR. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic review was performed using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines by searching the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases to identify studies comparing outcomes of TSA with and without prior RCR. The inclusion criteria were full-text studies that directly compared outcomes between patients undergoing anatomic or reverse TSA with and without prior RCR. A quality assessment was performed using the Modified Coleman Methodology Score (MCMS), and risk of bias assessment was performed using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies–of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool. A total of 1542 articles were identified for review based on initial database queries. Weighted means of quantifiable demographics and patient-reported outcomes were calculated for all included studies and compiled, in addition to the MCMS and ROBINS-I tool. Results: Twelve studies (10 level 3, 2 level 4) met inclusion criteria, including a total of 885 patients who underwent RCR before TSA (mean age, 68.2 years) and 2275 patients with no prior RCR (mean age, 70.0 years). Of all outcomes evaluated, patients with reverse TSA showed superior results in the no prior RCR group. Three reverse TSA studies found the no prior RCR group to have significantly higher postoperative American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores when compared with the prior RCR group ( P < .05). Multiple reverse TSA studies found the no prior RCR group to have significantly higher postoperative Simple Shoulder Test scores ( P < .05) and significantly improved forward elevation ( P < .05) when compared with the prior RCR group. Of all outcomes in anatomic TSA studies, only complication rate was different between groups, with 1 study finding a significantly lower complication rate in the no prior RCR group ( P = .01). Conclusion: Patients undergoing reverse TSA without prior RCR can be expected to experience statistically better outcomes when compared with patients with prior RCR, while patients undergoing anatomic TSA can be expected to have similar outcomes regardless of prior RCR status.
Femoral Anteversion Angle as a Predictor of Anterior Hip Labral Length in Patients With Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome
Authors: Zhang Hongguang , Gao Guanying , Liu Guangyuan , Zhang Siqi , Liu Rongge , Dong Hanmei , Xu Yan 
Published: August 2024

Background: The relationship between hip rotational abnormalities and hip labral size has not been fully investigated. Purposes: To (1) examine the correlation between rotational abnormalities of the hip and labral size, while also identifying other predictive values for hip labral size, and (2) explore whether femoral torsion will lead to increased labral size. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 180 patients (180 hips) with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) (mean age, 36.81 ± 10.17 years; 67 male, 113 female) who underwent hip arthroscopic surgery between January 2021 and May 2022 were included. The femoral version (FV), acetabular version, and combined version angles were measured on computed tomography, and the labral length and height at the 12-o’clock and 3-o’clock positions were measured on magnetic resonance imaging. The hips were categorized into 3 groups based on FV angle: small (SFV; <10°); moderate (MFV; ≥10° and ≤20°), and large (LFV; >20°), and group comparisons were performed. Linear correlation and regression analysis were employed. Results: Predictive factors for labral length were FV angle (β = 0.298; P = .02), sex (β = −0.302; P < .001), and age (β = −0.169; P = .016) at 3 o’clock and lateral center-edge angle (LCEA; β = −0.208; P = .005) and age (β = −0.186; P = .011) at 12 o’clock. FV angle was positively correlated with labral length at 3 o’clock ( r = 0.267; P < .001) and negatively correlated with age ( r = −0.222; P = .003) and female sex ( r = −0.202; P = .006). LCEA ( r = −0.227; P = .002) and age ( r = −0.205; P = .006) were negatively correlated with labral length at 12 o’clock. Labral length at 3 o’clock was significantly different between the LFV (n = 49 hips), MFV (n = 65 hips), and SFV (n = 66 hips) groups (9.85 ± 2.28, 8.89 ± 2.44, and 8.30 ± 2.05 mm, respectively; P = .027 for LFV vs MFV; P < .001 for LFV vs SFV). Conclusion: Patients with FAIS who exhibited a higher FV angle were at a greater likelihood of having a larger anterior labral length. Increased femoral anteversion and decreased LCEA, male sex, and younger age were significantly associated with longer hip labral length.
Comparison of Knotless Versus Knot-Tying Suture Anchors for Arthroscopic Repair of Hip Labral Tears
Authors: Celiksoz Aytek Huseyin , Bayram Berhan , Yozgatli Tahir Koray , Yilmaz Edip , Yassin Ali , Kayaalp Asim , Kocaoglu Baris 
Published: August 2024

Background: Both knotless and knot-tying anchors are commonly employed in the arthroscopic repair of hip labral tears. Purpose: To compare the midterm clinical results of arthroscopic hip labral repair using knot-tying versus knotless suture anchors. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients who underwent arthroscopic hip labral repair between January 2017 and January 2021 and who had at least 2 years of follow-up were included. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on the suture anchor type: a 2.9-mm knotless suture anchor (knotless group) or a 1.8-mm knot-tying suture anchor (knot-tying group). All patients underwent femoroplasty for cam lesions and acetabular rim trimming for pincer lesions. The modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Hip Outcome Score–Sport-Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), Hip Outcome Score–Activities of Daily Living (HOS-ADL), 12-item International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12), and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain were administered both preoperatively and postoperatively. The consistency of the outcome scores was assessed using the minimal clinically important difference and Patient Acceptable Symptom State. The statistical significance between groups was evaluated using the Mann-Whitney test and quantile-based analysis of variance. Results: A total of 413 patients were included: 256 patients in the knotless group (median age, 35 years [interquartile range, 31-38 years]; median follow-up, 34 months) and 157 patients in the knot-tying group (median age, 34 years [interquartile range, 30-38 years]; median follow-up, 25 months). There were no significant differences in postoperative mHHS, HOS-ADL, or iHOT-12 scores between the 2 groups. However, there were significant differences, favoring the knotless group over the knot-tying group, in postoperative HOS-SSS (87 ± 2 vs 86 ± 1, respectively) and VAS pain (1 vs 2, respectively) scores ( P < .0001 for both). Postoperative synovitis was found in significantly more patients in the knot-tying group than in the knotless group (17 vs 5, respectively; P = .01). Conclusion: In this study, patients who underwent arthroscopic hip labral repair with knotless suture anchors had slightly better postoperative HOS-SSS and VAS pain scores and a lower incidence of postoperative synovitis compared with patients who underwent repair with knot-tying suture anchors.
The impact of different doses of oral iron supplementation during pregnancy: a pilot randomized trial
Authors: Stanworth Simon J. , Churchill David , Sweity Samaher , Holmes Tom , Hudson Cara , Brown Rosemary , Lax Stephanie J. , Murray Joanne , Spiby Helen , Roy Noemi , Farmer Andrew , Gale Chris , Crayton Elise , Lorencatto Fabiana , Griffiths James , Mullings Joanne , Last Sara , Knight Marian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Oral iron is first-line medication for iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy. We conducted a pilot randomized trial to investigate the impact of different doses of oral iron supplementation started early in pregnancy on women without anemia for 4 main outcomes: recruitment and protocol compliance, adherence, maintenance of maternal hemoglobin, and side effects. At antenatal clinic visits, participants were allocated to 1 of 3 trial arms in a 1:1:1 ratio: 200 mg ferrous sulfate daily, alternate days, or 3 times per week. The participants were followed to delivery. Baseline characteristics of 300 recruited participants were well matched between trial arms. The mean proportion of tablets taken as expected per participant was 82.5% overall (72.3%, 89.6%, and 84.5% for the daily, alternate days, and 3 times a week arm, respectively). There was a lower overall adherence rate in the daily arm (47%) than in the alternate days (62%) and the 3 times per week (61%) arms. A reduction in hemoglobin between randomization and 28 weeks’ gestation seemed smaller for the daily arm. A range of side effects were commonly reported at baseline before starting interventions and at later antenatal visits. Many side effects of iron overlapped with normal pregnancy symptoms. A daily iron dosing schedule might give the best opportunity for delivering an adequate iron load during pregnancy in women without anemia. Further randomized trials powered on clinical outcomes are needed to establish the clinical effectiveness of oral iron supplementation to prevent iron deficiency anemia. This study was registered (#ISRCTN12911644).