bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of iCare and Goldmann applanation tonometry measurements during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective study
Authors: Swaminathan Shreya , Kisielewski Amber M. , Nowroozzadeh M. Hossein , Hallaj Shahin , Lee Daniel , Kolomeyer Natasha N. , Myers Jonathan S. , Razeghinejad Reza 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate factors associated with differences in intraocular pressure (IOP) readings between iCare and Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) in established glaucoma patients.

Methods
This retrospective comparative study included clinical data of 350 eyes from 350 established glaucoma patients who had iCare and GAT IOP measured by an ophthalmic technician and a glaucoma specialist, respectively. The main outcome measure was the difference in IOP measurements of the right eyes with iCare and GAT.

Results
The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between GAT and iCare was 0.90. The mean IOP difference between tonometers was − 0.18 ± 2.89 mmHg. Bland–Altman plots indicated a 95% limit of agreement of − 5.8 to 5.5 mmHg. Central corneal thickness (CCT) and age were significantly correlated with the difference in IOPs of the iCare and GAT. GAT-IOP and age were significantly associated with the absolute difference in measured IOP of the two tonometers. The difference in measurements was not significantly associated with prior glaucoma surgery, average global index of optical coherence tomography, axial length, technician years of experience and certification, and IOP range.

Conclusion
Although there is good agreement between the iCare and GAT mean values, these devices are not interchangeable in glaucoma patients due to the wide range of the limit of agreement.
Blockchain unlocking collaborative opportunities for environmental sustainability through innovation intermediaries
Authors: Spigarelli Francesca , Compagnucci Lorenzo , Lepore Dominique 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper delves into the growing need for collaborative technological solutions to address environmental challenges, with a focus on the underexplored potential of Industry 4.0 technologies, in particular as regards blockchain technology (BCT) in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Recognizing the obstacles faced by SMEs when embracing green and digital transformation, this research aims to investigate how innovation intermediaries are able to unlock the collaborative potential of BCT for SMEs so as to enhance their environmental sustainability. When assessing and analysing the role of innovation intermediaries, we have also considered their interconnections and interactions with other actors: universities, government institutions and firms (the so-called “stakeholders”). Our research is based on a multiple case study of a still largely unexplored intermediary in the European context, the digital innovation hub (DIH), which extends the applicability of the technological innovation system framework. This approach contributes to research both on innovation intermediaries and on the development of collaborative partnerships for digitalization. The findings reveal the challenges encountered by DIHs, particularly in legitimizing BCT-based solutions. To address these, identified, weaknesses, the paper proposes a conceptual roadmap aimed at improving collaboration among DIHs, SMEs, and their stakeholders. This roadmap outlines three essential functions: enabling, core, and facilitating effective partnerships and innovation processes.
The Influence of Culture on the Cause, Diagnosis and Treatment of Serious Mental Illness (Ufufunyana): Perspectives of Traditional Health Practitioners in the Harry Gwala District, KwaZulu-Natal
Authors: Ngubane Ntombifuthi P. , De Gama Brenda Z. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCultural beliefs influence the perceived cause, methods of diagnosis and treatment of mental illnesses. A qualitative study was conducted among traditional health practitioners (THPs) in the Harry Gwala District Municipality to further explore this influence. Purposive sampling assisted in the recruitment of 31 participants (9 males and 22 females). The four key themes this study investigated in relation to mental illness included its causes, methods of diagnosis, common symptoms observed and treatment approaches used by THPs, and the system of patient management. Culturally, mental illness was reported to be caused by witchcraft and an ancestral calling in this study. Mental illness was predominantly diagnosed by spiritual intervention which included divination through consultation with the ancestors, familial background, burning of incense which can also be part of communicating with the ancestors and through examining the patient. The common symptoms included aggression, hallucination and unresponsiveness. Prevalent modes of treatment included the use of a medicinal concoction and performing cultural rituals where ancestors and other spirits were assumed influential. The duration of the treatment process was dependent on guidance from the ancestors. Most causal aspects of mental illness from diagnosis to treatment seemed to be influenced by cultural beliefs and ancestors.
Pulse mitigation in ordered granular structures: from granular chains to granular networks
Authors: Espinosa M. , Calius E. P. , Hall A. , Dodd G. , Das R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOrdered granular structures have garnered considerable attention across various fields due to their capacity to manipulate the transmission of mechanical energy and mitigate the adverse effects of impacts and vibrations. The ability to control wave propagation is crucial in the design of protective equipment, seismic isolation systems, aerospace vibroacoustic attenuation and shock-absorbing materials, among many other applications. Here, we delve into the myriad configurations of ordered granular systems: from one dimensional granular chains to granular chain networks, showcasing their significance for pulse mitigation. Given the unique behaviours that these granular structures can generate, they can be described as discrete or granular metamaterials. A detailed analysis of the wave behaviour in these structures is presented, encompassing the influence of heterogeneity, chain curvature, and dimensional complexity on energy dissipation. This discourse extends to encompass a comparison of analytical and numerical approaches used in the examination and application of these systems, along with an exploration of the implications of advances in manufacturing methods. Unlike other examinations, this comprehensive review underscores the multifaceted nature of our study, with a steadfast focus on their applicability to impact mitigation and wave control. We conclude with a summary on the current challenges and future outlook of engineered granular systems, emphasizing their transformative potential in safeguarding structures from dynamic forces and advancing the frontier of energy management technologies.
Management strategy evaluation operating model conditioning: a swordfish case study
Authors: Rosa Daniela , Mosqueira Iago , Fu Dan , Coelho Rui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEvaluation of fish stock status is a key step for fisheries management. Tuna Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (t-RFMOs) are moving towards management strategy evaluation (MSE), a process that combines science and policy and depends on technical aspects, developed by scientists, designed to meet management objectives established by managers and other stakeholders. In the Indian Ocean, the current management advice for swordfish (Xiphias gladius) is based on an ensemble of 24 models considering four areas of uncertainty about the stock dynamics. There is an ongoing MSE process for swordfish, and this paper describes the methodology being applied for the conditioning of the operating model (OM), including model selection and validation. In the MSE, nine sources of uncertainty were considered, each being characterized by 2–3 levels. A partial factorial design was employed to reduce the number of models from a full factorial design to those needed to encompass the overall uncertainty. A selection and validation process was carried out, filtering models that converged, showed good predictive skills, and provided plausible estimates. Overall, the estimated spawning stock biomass (SSB) relative to SSB at maximum sustainable yield (MSY), and fishing mortality (F) relative to FMSY encompasses the estimates of the stock assessment ensemble at the most optimist area of the distribution. The MSE for swordfish is an ongoing process that is expected to provide more robust management advice in the future. Further developments to the OM can still occur, but the methods presented herein can be applied to this, or other species, MSE processes.
Insights into geriatric health: primary sarcopenia and innate immunity dynamics, examining SARC-F, serum TLR 4, TLR 9, and resolvin levels
Authors: Bilgin Seyda , Suzan Veysel , Avci Suna , Yavuzer Hakan , Bolayirli Ibrahim Murat , Doventas Alper , Erdincler Deniz Suna 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between serum TLR (Toll Like Receptor) 4, 9 and Resolvin E1 levels and primary sarcopenia in geriatric patients and to compare the diagnostic accuracy of these biomarkers with the SARC-F score. A total of 88 patients aged 65 years and older were evaluated in the study. Comorbidities and geriatric syndromes were identified and patients with secondary sarcopenia were excluded. EWGSOP2 criteria were used as diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia and SARC-F questionnaire was used to find individuals at risk for sarcopenia. Serum TLR 4, 9 and Resolvin E1 levels were analyzed by ELISA. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age and gender (p = 0.654 and p = 1.000, respectively). SARC-F, serum TLR 9 and Resolvin E1 were significantly higher in the sarcopenia group compared to the non-sarcopenia group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p = 0.040, respectively). Statistically significant parameters were evaluated by multiple regression analysis. TLR 9 and SARC-F score were both found to be associated with sarcopenia in multivariate logistic regression analysis [Odds ratio (OR) 3145, (95%) confidence interval (CI) 5.9–1,652,888.3, p = 0.012; OR 4.788, (95%) CI 2.148–10.672, p < 0.001, respectively]. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for TLR 9 and SARC-F was 0.896 (p < 0.001) and 0.943 (p < 0.001), respectively. Although this study supports the use of the SARC-F questionnaire in daily practice, serum TLR 9 levels may be an alternative to SARC-F in cases where SARC-F is not feasible.
Image interpolation with spiking neural network based pixel similarity
Authors: Kılıçaslan Mahmut 
Published: June 2024

AbstractImage interpolation is an important topic in the field of image processing. It is defined as the process of transforming low-resolution images into high-resolution ones using image processing methods. Recent studies on interpolation have shown that researchers are focusing on successful interpolation techniques that preserve edge information. Therefore, the edge detection phase plays a vital role in interpolation studies. However, these approaches typically rely on gradient-based linear computations for edge detection. On the other hand, non-linear structures that effectively simulate the human visual system have gained attention. In this study, a non-linear method was developed to detect edge information using a pixel similarity approach. Pixel similarity-based edge detection approach offers both lower computational complexity and more successful interpolation results compared to gradient-based approaches. 1D cubic interpolation was applied to the pixels identified as edges based on pixel similarity, while bicubic interpolation was applied to the remaining pixels. The algorithm was tested on 12 commonly used images and compared with various interpolation techniques. The results were evaluated using metrics such as SSIM and PSNR, as well as visual assessment. The experimental findings clearly demonstrated that the proposed method outperformed other approaches. Additionally, the method offers significant advantages, such as not requiring any parameters and having competitive computational cost.
Treatment of Relapsed Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia in Adult Patients
Authors: Molina John C. , Carraway Hetty E. 
Published: June 2024

Opinion StatementFor adult patients diagnosed with relapsed B cell-ALL (B-ALL), there have been significant improvements in available treatment options following the FDA approval of novel cellular and immunotherapy approaches – blinatumomab, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T therapy, and inotuzumab. For the last several years, research has focused on gaining a better understanding of the effects of specific disease and patient characteristics on long-term outcomes with each of the FDA-approved agents. In combination with the better prevention and management of unique, treatment-specific toxicities, providers can now select the best available treatment option for each individual patient diagnosed with relapsed, adult B-ALL needing therapy. This has allowed more patients to proceed to consolidative hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), and long-term data has even brought into question the need for HSCT for long-term durable remission for all patients. However, with the adoption of blinatumomab, CAR T therapy, and inotuzumab in front-line treatment regimens, it remains unclear what effects this will have on patients with relapsed B-ALL following exposure to these novel cellular and immunotherapy therapies. Unlike B-ALL, similar advances have unfortunately not yet been realized in T cell-ALL (T-ALL). Currently, new therapeutic approaches are underway to utilize similar targeting strategies that have been successful in B-ALL – monoclonal antibodies, bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTE), and CAR T therapy. Like B-ALL, the only existing approved therapy for relapsed T-ALL, nelarabine, is now used in the upfront treatment setting potentially limiting its utility in relapsed disease. Over the next several years, the hope is for patients diagnosed with T-ALL to experience the drastic improvement in outcomes as has been seen for patients diagnosed with B-ALL over the last decade.
A study with cancer stem cells and three-dimensional tumoroids: investigation of the combined effects of 5-fluorouracil and doxorubicin in breast cancer
Authors: Erden Tayhan Seçil 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was in vitro determination of the combined effects of doxorubucin and 5-fluorouracil by 2D and 3D culture conditions on breast cancer using MCF-7 cell line and CSCs isolated from these cells. In the first stage of this study, CSC isolation and their characterization were performed. In the next experimental period, the antiproliferative effects of 5-Fu and Dox on the MCF-7 and CSCs were demonstrated on 2D. To evaluate the synergistic/antagonistic effects of these chemotherapeutics, the CI was calculated. Additionally, 3D tumor spheroids were used as another model. In the last step, qRT-PCR analysis was performed to examine apoptosis-related gene expressions. In this study, it was clearly seen that CSCs obtained from the breast cancer cell line express stemness factors. In addition, the antiproliferative effects of 5-Fu and Dox on breast cancer and associated CSCs were very clear. Their synergistic effects were determined by CI values. Moreover, it was seen that combined theraphy changed the expression levels of genes related to apoptosis. Additionally, it was molecularly demonstrated that 3D tumoroids were more resistant than the others. In conclusion, the polychemotherapeutic approach was much more effective than the monotherapy. The fact that this effect was seen not only in breast cancer cells, but also in breast cancer stem cells. In addition, it was very promising that the results obtained were similar in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional tumoroids.
Exercise in cancer patients: assistance levels and referral pathways—a position statement from the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology
Authors: Herrero López Blanca , Cardeña-Gutiérrez Ana , Godoy Ortiz Ana , Gonzaga López Ana , Grueso López Ana María , Nuño Alves Ana , Ramírez Daffós Patricia , Rodríguez Sánchez César A. , Rodríguez Pérez Ángel R. , Sacristán Santos Víctor , Saura Grau Salvador , Sebio García Raquel , Seguí Palmer Miguel Ángel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
There is growing evidence about how physical activity can improve cancer care. Unfortunately, exercise is still not widely prescribed to oncology patients, despite the benefit it brings. For this to occur, it is necessary for a multidisciplinary approach involving different types of healthcare professionals, given that each treatment be tailored for each single case. Besides incorporating appropriate infrastructures and referral pathways, we need to integrate exercise into healthcare practice, which ameliorates patients’ quality of life and treatment side effects. From the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM), and through the Exercise and Cancer Working Group, we indicate considerations, analyze patient care scenarios, and propose a referral pathway algorithm for exercise prescription, taking in account the patient’s needs. In later sections of this paper, we describe how this algorithm could be implemented, and how the exercise programs should be built, including the physical activity contents, the settings, and the delivery mode. We conclude that professionals, infrastructures, and organizations should be available at every assistance level to create programs providing adequate exercise training for cancer patients.
The EORTC QLQ43 and FACT H&N questionnaires of quality of life at 1 and 5 years after treatment and dental care in head and neck cancer patients: a pilot study
Authors: Guedea Marc , Sánchez Meritxell , Lozano Alicia , Ferrer Montse , Pont Angels , Guedea Ferran , Clotet Sandra , Juárez Marc , Araguas Pablo , Ventura Montse , d’Oliveira Nuno Gustavo , Ustrell Josep Maria 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to examine health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in head and neck cancer patients at 1 and 5 years after successful treatment of their tumors, and to explore the usefulness of 2 instruments for assessing the need of dental care services.

Methods
This cross-sectional pilot study included 20 adult patients with head and neck cancer who completed the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck (FACT H&N) Symptom Index and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Head and Neck Module (EORTC QLQ-H&N43) after 1 and 5 years of treatment.

Results
Mean (standard deviation, SD) scores of the FACT H&N Symptom Index were higher (better HRQoL) at 5 years than at 1 year (24.1 [4.4] vs. 21.1 [6.4]; p = 0.236). Only three of the ten items of FACT H&N (swallow, pain in mouth/throat or neck, and solid foods) evaluated oral health. In the EORTC QLQ-H&N43 questionnaire, scores were lower at 5 years (better HRQoL) in almost all multi- and single-item symptoms. This questionnaire includes four multi-item scales (pain in the mouth, social eating, swallowing, and problems with teeth) measuring dental and orthodontic needs.

Conclusion
HRQoL in patients with head and neck cancer improved with the length of follow-up. The EORTC QLQ-H&N43 has more items addressing oral health compared to the FACT H&N Symptom Index and may be more adequate to assess the need of dental therapy in clinical practice.
Estimation of pore-type distribution utilizing petrophysical data and rock physics modeling on an Iranian carbonate reservoir
Authors: Mirshadi Ahadollah , Javaherian Abdolrahim , Saberi Mohammad Reza , Kadkhodaie Ali , Khoshdel Hossein 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPore types in carbonate reservoirs are more complex than their sandstone counterparts due to the wide spectrum of their depositional environments and their more complicated post-depositional processes. This means that a good knowledge of pore types is vital in determining carbonate formation’s elastic and reservoir properties. This study aims to develop a multi-physics approach to determine pore-type variations in a carbonate reservoir using well log information from one of the oilfields of the Abadan Plain in southwest Iran. Firstly, we determined lithology, porosity, and fluid content by interpreting conventional well logs (gamma ray, resistivity, density, neutron, photoelectric, and P-wave sonic). Then, nuclear magnetic resonance data were used to determine different pore types within the Main Ilam and Sarvak formations. We distinguished between clay, micro, meso, and macro pore types. We confirmed our interpretation results using thin sections, scanning electron microscopy photographs, and pore-size distribution on the available core plugs. Finally, a carbonate rock physics model was employed to model sonic velocities using petrophysical interpretation along with pore-type determination results. A good match between modeled and measured sonic velocities confirmed that using nuclear magnetic resonance data for pore-type determination can reasonably estimate pore-type variations needed for rock physics modeling. The standard industry procedure for carbonate rock physics modeling uses sonic logs, core data, or thin sections to determine pore types. We offer a substitute approach with reasonable accuracy for pore-type modeling needed for carbonate rock physics modeling. We modeled pore types independently from sonic velocity and used them to predict P-wave velocity with a correlation coefficient of 92 and 64 percent accuracy in the Main Ilam and Sarvak formations.
Graphical abstract
Topicality boosts popularity: a comparative analysis of NYT articles and Reddit memes
Authors: Barnes Kate , Juhász Péter , Nagy Marcell , Molontay Roland 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study sheds light on interconnected topic dynamics across traditional news sources and social media platforms, emphasizing the influential role of topicality in shaping content popularity in social media. Using the Latent Dirichlet Allocation and BERTopic models, we define sets of 120 New York Times (NYT) topics to compare with 899,766 image-with-text memes from Reddit, showing that social media content aligns with many of the same topical patterns observed in news outlets. Topicality is formalized based on the temporal distributions of topics over the past 5 years. Using these topicality features, the investigation reveals significant correlations between the rising popularity of NYT topics and increased average upvotes on Reddit, particularly evident in “innovator” memes posted during the early stages of a topic’s prevalence in the NYT. Furthermore, topicality features show significant predictive power over other content-based control features in a CatBoost classifier prediction of viral Reddit memes.