bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of different intensified upstream processes highlighting the advantage of WuXi Biologics' Ultra‐high Productivity platform (WuXiUPTM) in improved product quality and purification yield
Authors: Zheng Xiang , Fang Mingyue , Zou Yanling , Wang Shuo , Zhou Weichang , Zhou Hang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWuXiUPTM, WuXi Biologics’ Ultra‐high Productivity platform, is an intensified and integrated continuous bioprocess platform developed for production of various biologics including monoclonal antibodies, fusion proteins, and bispecific antibodies. This process technology platform has manifested its remarkable capability in boosting the volumetric productivity of various biologics and has been implemented for large‐scale clinical material productions. In this paper, case studies of the production of different pharmaceutical proteins using two high‐producing and intensified culture modes of WuXiUPTM and the concentrated fed‐batch (CFB), as well as the traditional fed‐batch (TFB) are discussed from the perspectives of cell growth, productivity, and protein quality. Both WuXiUPTM and CFB outperformed TFB regarding volumetric productivity. Additionally, distinctive advantages in product quality profiles in the WuXiUPTM process, such as reduced acidic charge variants and fragmentation, are revealed. Therefore, a simplified downstream purification process with only two chromatographic steps can be developed to deliver the target product at a satisfactory purity and an extremely‐high yield.
Guanylate binding protein 5 is an immune‐related biomarker of oral squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective prognostic study with bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Hasegawa Masayo , Amano Yusuke , Kihara Atsushi , Matsubara Daisuke , Fukushima Noriyoshi , Takahashi Hideyuki , Chikamatsu Kazuaki , Nishino Hiroshi , Mori Yoshiyuki , Yoshida Naohiro , Niki Toshiro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundCancer utilizes immunosuppressive mechanisms to create a tumor microenvironment favorable for its progression. The purpose of this study is to histologically characterize the immunological properties of the tumor microenvironment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and identify key molecules involved in the immunological microenvironment and patient prognosis.MethodsFirst, overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened from OSCC transcriptome data in public databases. Correlation analysis of DEGs with known immune‐related genes identified genes involved in the immune microenvironment of OSCC. Next, stromal patterns of tumor were classified and immunohistochemical staining was performed for immune cell markers (CD3, CD4, Foxp3, CD8, CD20, CD68, and CD163), programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1), and guanylate binding protein 5 (GBP5) in resected specimens obtained from 110 patients with OSCC who underwent resection. Correlations between each factor and their prognostic impact were analyzed.ResultsAmong the novel OSCC‐specific immune‐related genes screened (including ADAMDEC1, CXCL9, CXCL13, DPT, GBP5, IDO1, and PLA2G7), GBP5 was selected as the target gene. Histopathologic analysis showed that multiple T‐cell subsets and CD20‐positive cells were less common in the advanced stages, whereas CD163‐positive cells were more common in advanced stages. The immature type in the stromal pattern category was associated with less immune cell infiltration, lower expression of PD‐L1 in immune cells, lower expression of GBP5 in the stroma, and shorter overall survival and recurrence‐free survival. Expression of GBP5 in the tumor and stroma correlated with immune cell infiltration of tumors and PD‐L1 expression in tumor and immune cells. Patients with low tumor GBP5 expression and high stromal expression had significantly longer overall survival and recurrence‐free survival.ConclusionsThe stromal pattern category may reflect both invasive and immunomodulatory potentials of cancer‐associated fibroblasts in OSCC. GBP5 has been suggested as a potential biomarker to predict the prognosis and therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Evaluation of incest cases in Sivas: Ten‐year retrospective study
Authors: Butun Celal , Yucel Beyaztas Fatma , Sari Seda Aybuke , Uzun Çiçek Ayla , Kaya Asiye Burcu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlthough incest is generally perceived as all kinds of verbal, non‐verbal, physical and visual sexual behaviour of family members and close relatives toward children, it is also a special type of sexual abuse defined as consensual sexual intercourse between close relatives or between minors who are legally prohibited from marrying. This study aimed to analyse the sociodemographic data, physical‐mental examination and laboratory findings of the incest cases. Incest cases among sexual abuse and sexual assault cases sent to Sivas Cumhuriyet University Hospital Forensic Medicine outpatient clinic for examination between 2012 and 2021 were evaluated. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the SPSS 23.0 program. P‐values below 0.05 were considered significant. The records of 61 incest victims were retrospectively analysed. The cases were examined in terms of age, gender, incident, perpetrator, type of abuse, examination findings and mental status. Fifty‐four (88.5%) of the incest victims were female, and the highest rate (n = 9, 14.8%) was 16 years old. Most of the victims were high school graduates (29%), 56% were in a nuclear family 57.4% of the assailants were family members, most of the case reports (73.8%) were made by the victim herself/himself, and the most common place of incident (70.3%) was the victim's home. In this study, the clinical, social and forensic outcomes of incest cases, which have many causes and tragic consequences, were investigated, and it was aimed to contribute to the solution of the problem by discussing the literature.
Early maternal death following child removal—A short report using observational data
Authors: Devaney John , Bradbury‐Jones Caroline , Charles Amy , Daniel Helen L. , Dobie Emily , Marks Ellen , Osthwaite Katherine , Taylor Julie 
Published: July 2024

Key Practitioner Messages
Mothers who have a child removed from their care often face a range of vulnerabilities, such as abuse in childhood, isolation, poverty, poor mental health, domestic abuse, and substance misuse, which contribute to the reasons for their children being removed.
Yet following this removal, and at a time of acute need for them due to the trauma involved, birth mothers frequently disappear from the gaze of services, as children's services are structured to meet the needs of the child.
There is evidence that mothers who have a child removed are at a significantly increased risk of early death.
While the need for support for the children is irrefutable, equally there needs to be specialist support for their mothers, which goes beyond children's services and involves health services.
In vitro and in silico evaluation of bioactivities and chemical composition of the aerial parts of Anchusa officinalis L. methanol extract
Authors: Aljowaie Reem M. , Alsayed Mashail Fahad , Alkubaisi Noorah A. , Almarfadi Omer M. , Farrag Mohamed A. , Abdulmanea Adel A. , Alfuraydi Akram A. , Abalkhail Tarad , Aboul‐Soud Mourad A. M. , Aziz Ibrahim M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe main objective of the study is to evaluate the antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities of Anchusa officinalis L. in vitro and in silico. The dried aerial parts of A. officinalis L. were extracted with methanol. Total phenolic and flavonoid content was analyzed. Antioxidant and antimicrobial effects were tested against both gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria. Gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis revealed the presence of 10 phytochemical compounds, and cyclobutane (26.07%) was identified as the major photochemical compound. The methanol extract exhibited the maximum amount of total phenolic content (118.24 ± 4.42 mg QE/g dry weight of the dry extract) (R2 = 0.994) and the total flavonoid content was 94 ± 2.34 mg QE/g dry weight of the dry extract (R2 = 0.999). The IC50 value for 2,2′‐azino‐bis (3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid was 107.12 ± 3.42 μg/mL, and it was high for 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picryl hydrazyl (123.94 ± 2.31 μg/mL). The IC50 value was 72.49 ± 3.14 against HepG2 cell lines, and a decreased value was obtained (102.54 ± 4.17 g/mL) against MCF‐7 cell lines. The methanol extract increased the expression of caspase mRNA and Bax mRNA levels when compared to the control experiment (p < .05). The conclusions, A. officinalis L. aerial parts extract exhibited antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities.
Freezing Functional Nucleic Acids: From Molecular Reactions to Surface Immobilization
Authors: Li Zhenglian , Duan Siyi , Liu Biwu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBiochemical reactions are typically slowed down by decreasing temperature. However, accelerated reaction kinetics have been observed for a long time. More recent examples have highlighted the unique role of freezing in fabricating supermaterials, degrading environmental contaminants, and accelerating bioreactions. Functional nucleic acids are DNA or RNA oligonucleotides with versatile properties, including target recognition, catalysis, and molecular co4mputing. In this review, we discuss the current observations and understanding of freezing‐facilitated reactions involving functional nucleic acids. Molecular reactions such as ligation/conjugation, cleavage, and hybridization are discussed. Moreover, freezing‐induced DNA‐nanoparticle conjugations are introduced. Then, we describe our effect in immobilizing DNA on bulk surfaces. Finally, we address some critical questions and research opportunities in the field.
Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Cyclopropanation of Alkenes with Dibromomethane
Authors: Tian Yiqiang , Zhang Yuekun , Niu Jiapan , Zhang Chun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe cyclopropane unit plays a crucial role in pharmaceutical compound design and organic transformation. In this study, we have developed a novel redox‐neutral photocatalytic cyclopropanation method involving dibromomethane and alkenes. This chemistry enables the synthesis of valuable functional group‐substituted cyclopropanes using readily available starting materials and practical reaction conditions. Additionally, we have demonstrated the versatility of the products as precursors for various cyclopropane derivatives with different substituents. Importantly, this protocol facilitates the synthesis of a key unit found in a specific type of T‐type calcium channel blocker. Furthermore, the proposed reaction mechanism is well‐supported by control experiments.
A Facile Approach to Construct Novel Polyesters as Soft Midblock for Thermoplastic Elastomers
Authors: Xia Yun‐Yun , Yang Xing , Zhang Wei , Fu Yang , Cai Zhongzheng , Cao Peng , Zhu Jian‐Bo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe development of innovative synthetic strategies to create functional polycaprolactones is highly demanded for advanced material applications. In this contribution, we reported a facile synthetic strategy to prepare a class of CL‐based monomers (R‐TO) derived from epoxides. They readily polymerize via well‐controlled ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) to afford a series of polyesters P(R‐TO) with high molecular weight (Mn up to 350 kDa). Sequential addition copolymerization of MTO and L‐lactide (L‐LA) allowed to access of a series of ABA triblock copolymers with composition‐dependent mechanical properties. Notably, P(L‐LA)100‐b‐P(MTO)500‐b‐P(L‐LA)100 containing the amorphous P(MTO) segment as a soft midblock and crystalline P(L‐LA) domain as hard end block behaved as an excellent thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) with high elongation at break (1438±204 %), tensile strength (23.5±1.7 MPa), and outstanding elastic recovery (>88 %).
A Correlation‐Based Prediction Method of Heat Transfer Coefficients for Flooded Evaporation on Enhanced Tubes
Authors: Möhrle Marco , Frick Jennifer , Krieger Christoph , Müller Karsten 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHeat transfer in evaporation units play a vital role in the design and optimization of heat pumps and refrigeration systems. Existing correlations are often limited to the respective heat transfer surface. Furthermore, the majority of correlations reported have a lack of reliable validation beyond the test of their ability to describe the data they have been fitted to. In the present study, the heat transfer in case of flooded evaporation on an enhanced tube was examined for two refrigerants and propane. The experimentally measured data were used to develop a new correlation for the shell‐side heat transfer. The correlation was assessed on a separate test set, not utilized in the process of model development. The correlation and procedure are reliable and transferable tools for estimation of heat transfer in enhanced tube evaporators for refrigerants.
Canonical variate residual analysis for industrial processes fault detection
Authors: Li Yuting , Li Fei , Liu Xiaoqiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWith the rapid development of intelligent integration in industrial processes, a challenge emerges. Early failures cannot be detected in a timely manner, potentially leading to significant financial losses. While traditional canonical variate analysis (CVA) methods are effective for dynamic process monitoring, they may lack the flexibility required for early fault detection. To address this challenge, a fault detection method based on canonical variate residual analysis (CVRA) is proposed. CVRA introduces a distinctive residual statistic that preserves critical information about the data. It places heightened focus on the primary components of the data, capturing core features of system changes and enhancing sensitivity to early anomalies. Additionally, by incorporating the geometric properties of the Manhattan distance, it mitigates statistical data errors, thereby improving detection accuracy. Simulation results validate the method's effectiveness in the Tennessee Eastman (TE) process. Furthermore, the successful application of the three‐phase flow facility provides a benchmark for evaluation using real process data.
Data‐driven nonlinear state observation for controlled systems: A kernel method and its analysis
Authors: Woelk Moritz , Tang Wentao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis work proposes a data‐driven state observation algorithm for nonlinear dynamical systems, when the true state trajectory is not measurable and hence the states information needs to be reconstructed from input and output measurements. Such a reduction is formed by kernel canonical correlation analysis (KCCA), which (i) implicitly maps the available input–output data into a higher‐dimensional feature space, namely the reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS); (ii) finds a projection of the past input–output data and a projection of the future input–output data with maximal correlation; and (iii) identifies the projected inputs and outputs, namely the canonical variates, as the observed states. We adopt a least squares support vector machine (LS‐SVM) formulation for KCCA, which imposes regularization on the vectors that specify the projections and is amenable to convex optimization. We prove theoretically that, based on the statistical consistency of KCCA, the observed states determined by the proposed state observer has a guaranteed correlativity with the actual states (when properly transformed). Furthermore, such observed states, when supplemented with the information of succeeding inputs, can be used to predict the succeeding outputs with guaranteed upper bound on the prediction error. Case studies are performed on two numerical examples and an exothermic continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR).
Prognostic Value of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction Assessed by Coronary Angiography–Derived Index of Microcirculatory Resistance in Patients With ST‐Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Chao Han , Jun‐Qing Gao , Hong Zhang , Zhen Qi , Hui Zhang , Wen An , Chenghao Yang , Ling‐Xiao Zhang , Shuang‐Yu Chen , Zong‐Jun Liu 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundCaIMR is proposed as a novel angiographic index designed to assess microcirculation without the need for pressure wires or hyperemic agents. We aimed to investigate the impact of caIMR on predicting clinical outcomes in STEMI patients.MethodsOne hundred and forty patients with STEMI who received PCI in Putuo Hospital of Shanghai from October 2021 to September 2022 were categorized into CMD and non–CMD groups according to the caIMR value. The baseline information, patient‐related examinations, and the occurrence of MACE at the 12‐month follow‐up were collected to investigate risk factors in patients with STEMI.ResultsWe divided 140 patients with STEMI enrolled into two groups according to caIMR results, including 61 patients diagnosed with CMD and 79 patients diagnosed with non–CMD. A total of 21 MACE occurred during the 1 year of follow‐up. Compared with non–CMD group, patients with CMD showed a significantly higher risk of MACE. A multivariate Cox regression model was conducted for the patients, and it was found thatcaIMR was a significant predictor of prognosis in STEMI patients (HR: 8.921). Patients with CMD were divided into culprit vascular CMD and non‐culprit vascular CMD, and the result found that culprit vascular CMD was associated with the incidence of MACE (OR: 4.75) and heart failure (OR: 7.50).ConclusionCaIMR is a strong predictor of clinical outcomes and can provide an objective risk stratification for patients with STEMI. There is a strong correlation among leukocyte index, the use of furosemide, Killips classification, and clinical outcomes.
Enhanced RHO‐ROCK signaling is associated with CRELD2 production and fibroblast recruitment in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Pittar Alexandra , Buckley Edward J. , Boyle Sarah T. , Ibbetson S. Jan , Samuel Michael S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA key characteristic of cancer cells is their ability to induce changes in their microenvironment that render it permissive to tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. Indeed, these changes are required for tumor progression. Consequently, the tumor microenvironment is emerging as a key source of new targets against cancer, with novel therapies aimed at reversing tumor‐promoting changes, reinstating a tumor‐hostile microenvironment and suppressing disease progression. RHO‐ROCK signaling, and consequent tension within the cellular actomyosin cytoskeleton, regulates a paracrine signaling cascade that establishes a tumor‐promoting microenvironment. Here, we show that consistent with our observations in breast cancer, enhanced ROCK activity and consequent production of CRELD2 is associated with the recruitment and tumor‐promoting polarization of cancer‐associated fibroblasts in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Our observations provide support for the notion that the role of RHO‐ROCK signaling in establishing a tumor‐promoting microenvironment may be conserved across patients and potentially also different cancer types.
Covalent Isothiocyanate Inhibitors of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor as Potential Colorectal Cancer Treatments
Authors: Putha Lohitha , Kok Liang K. , Fellner Matthias , Rutledge Malcolm T. , Gamble Allan B. , Wilbanks Sigurd M. , Vernall Andrea J. , Tyndall Joel D. A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMacrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine that has roles in innate and adaptive human immune responses, as well as inflammation. MIF exerts its biological activity by binding to the cell surface receptor CD74 as well as intracellular signalling proteins. MIF also possesses keto‐enol tautomerase activity. Inhibition of the tautomerase activity has been associated with loss of biological activity of MIF and a potential anticancer target. Isothiocyanates (ITCs) are a class of compounds present in cruciferous vegetables that inhibit the MIF tautomerase activity via covalent modification of the N‐terminal proline. A range of substituted ITCs featuring benzyl, phenethyl and phenyl propyl isothiocyanates were designed, synthesised and tested to determine any structure activity relationship for inhibiting MIF. Crystal structures of covalent compounds 8 and 9 in complex with rhMIF revealed key hydrogen bonding and edge‐to‐face π stacking interactions. Compound 9 and 11 with sub micromolar activity were tested in the NCI60 cancer cell lines panel. Both compounds showed tissue‐specific reduced growth in colon and renal cancer cell lines, while one of these showed potent, dose‐dependent inhibition of growth against all seven colon cancer cell lines (GI50<2.5 μM) and all eight renal cancer cell lines (GI50<2.2 μM).
Three‐Dimensional Ultrastructure of Flower‐Spray Nerve Endings in the Rat Carotid Sinus
Authors: Murakami Yusuke , Sasaki Kuniaki , Komuro Misaki , Yokoyama Takuya , Abdali Sayed Sharif , Nakamuta Nobuaki , Yamamoto Yoshio 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTThe flower‐spray nerve endings are afferent nerve terminals in the carotid sinus that arise from carotid sinus nerve of glossopharyngeal nerve. However, the three‐dimensional ultrastructural characteristics of flower‐spray nerve endings and spatial relationships between the terminal parts and other cellular elements have not been fully understood. To elucidate their detailed relationship, backscattered electron imaging of serial sections was performed with a scanning electron microscope to produce a three‐dimensional reconstruction of the flower‐spray endings. The terminal parts of flower‐spray endings were distributed horizontally approximately 5 µm outside the external elastic membrane in the tunica adventitia of the internal carotid artery. The three‐dimensional reconstruction showed that the terminal parts of flower‐spray endings were flat with irregular contours and were partially covered by the thin cytoplasmic processes of Schwann cells. The complex consisting of the nerve terminals and associated Schwann cells was surrounded by a multilayered basement membrane. The terminal parts of the endings were also surrounded by fibroblasts with elastic fibers and collagen fibrils. Secretory vesicles without an electron‐dense core were observed in the terminal parts of the endings. The accumulation of vesicles just below the axonal membrane was observed in terminal parts not covered by Schwann cell cytoplasmic processes on both the luminal and basal sides. Swollen mitochondria, concentric membranous structures, and glycogen granule‐like electron‐dense materials were often noted in some of the terminal parts of the endings and the parent axon. Collectively, the present results suggest that flower‐spray endings are baroreceptors because their morphology was similar to other mechanoreceptors. Furthermore, flower‐spray endings may be affected by glutamate secreted in an autocrine manner.
Multi‐objective GA to schedule task graphs on heterogeneous voltage frequency islands
Authors: Sanchit  , Singh Navjot , Singh Jagpreet 
Published: July 2024

SummaryEnergy consumption of multiprocessor's system is increasing day by day. The capability of multiprocessor systems and high compute‐intensive tasks play a major role in increasing energy consumption. Voltage frequency island (VFI) architecture partitioned the cores into groups for which voltage/frequency can be controlled by a single switch. VFI plays a major role in optimizing the energy consumption. We have generated the initial population by using the slot technique to VFI architecture. The genetic algorithm studied by many researchers to solve scheduling problems. So we combined the genetic algorithm with the VFI‐enabled architecture and slot approach called VFIGen. Then apply the VFIGen algorithm to optimize the energy consumption. When comparing the results of the proposed one with the existing state‐of‐art we achieved the performance gain by to .