bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pain Related Catastrophizing on Physical Limitation in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. Is Acceptance Important?
Authors: Costa Joana , Pinto-Gouveia José , Marôco João 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe experience of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) includes significant suffering and life disruption. This cross-sectional study examined the associations between pain, catastrophizing, acceptance and physical limitation in 55 individuals (11 males and 44 female; Mean age = 54.37; SD = 18.346), from the Portuguese population with (RA) 2 years after the diagnosis; also explored the role of acceptance as a mediator process between pain, catastrophizing and physical limitation. Results showed positive correlation between pain and catastrophizing (r = .544; p ≤ .001), and also between pain and 2-years’ physical limitation (r = .531; p ≤ .001) Results also showed that acceptance was negatively correlated with physical limitation 2 years after the diagnosis (r = –.476; p ≤ .001). Path-analysis was performed to explore the direct effect of pain (ß = –.393; SD = .044; Z = 3.180; p ≤ .001) and catastrophizing (n.sig.) on physical limitation and also to explore the buffer effect of acceptance in this relationship (indirect effect ß = –.080). Results showed that physical limitation is not necessarily a direct product of pain and catastrophizing but acceptance was also involved. Pain and catastrophizing are associated but the influence of catastrophizing on physical limitation is promoted by low levels of acceptance. Results emphasize the relevance of acceptance as the emotional regulation process by which pain and catastrophizing influence physical functioning and establish the basic mechanism by which pain and catastrophizing operate in a contextual-based perspective. Also the study results offer a novel approach that may help behavioral health and medical providers prevent and treat these conditions.
Assessment of the Standard Forensic Procedure for the Evaluation of Psychological Injury in Intimate-Partner Violence
Authors: Fariña Francisca , Arce Ramón , Vilariño Manuel , Novo Mercedes 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIn judicial terms, a victim refers to any person who has suffered injury arising from an action or omission of an action that constitutes an offence, and the burden of proof lies with the prosecution. A review of Spanish judicial judgements underscored that the lack of evidence of psychological injury in cases of intimate-partner violence (IPV) accounted for approximately 40% of acquittals. Thus, the Spanish standard of proof for the forensic evaluation of psychological injury i.e., the MMPI-2 and the unstructured interview were assessed in order to determine if they met the statutory requirement for the assessment of psychological injury and the differential diagnosis of feigning. The results of the comparison of 51 women victims of IPV with firm convictions against their aggressors, and 54 women mock victims of IPV showed that the F, K, Fb, Fp and Ds scales, and the F-K index discriminated significantly and with medium and large effect sizes, between adjudicated and mock victims. However, the results did not provide a valid decision criterion for forensic settings i.e., false negatives (identifying feigner as honest protocols) were not classified correctly. In conclusion, the standard forensic procedure for the evaluation of psychological injury in cases of IPV did not constitute valid proof for judges who acquitted defendants on the grounds of not proven due to the lack of evidence of psychological injury.
Motivational Profiles and Achievement Goal Dominance in Physical
Education
Authors: Méndez-Giménez Antonio , Cecchini-Estrada José-Antonio , Fernández-Río Javier 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe main goal was to compare idiographic profiles of achievement goal dominance
(AGD) and motivational profiles based on 2x2 achievement goals to improve our
understanding of how the four achievement goals work in conjunction with one
another, and to discern which profiles are most adaptive in the Physical
Education context. A total of 351 students (203 males; 148 females)
(M = 14.26 ± 1.37 years) from 3 different
secondary schools agreed to participate. 86.6% (N =
303) showed AGD, mostly mastery-approach dominance (62.9%).We examined the four
AGD groups’ idiographic profiles and how they relate to certain
positive (autonomous motivation and positive affect) and negative variables
(controlled motivation and amotivation). The results supported the hypotheses of
AGD theory (MANOVA one-way, Wilks’ lambda
= .609, F(24, 298) = 7.96,
p < .001, η2 = .15).
Subsequently, k-means cluster analysis was performed, yielding
4 distinct achievement goal profiles. The most adaptive was named
“mastery goals”, while “high achievement
goals” were the second most adaptive. AGD
participants’distribution across the different motivational clusters
was also ascertained (MANOVA one-way, Wilks’ lambda
= .678, F(12, 910) = 12.01,
p < .001, η2 =
.12).
Adolescent seasonal allergic rhinitis and the impact of health-care professional training: cluster randomised controlled trial of a complex intervention in primary care
Authors: Hammersley Victoria S , Elton Rob A , Walker Samantha , Hansen Christian H , Sheikh Aziz 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Background:
Seasonal allergic rhinitis is typically poorly managed, particularly in adolescents, in whom it is responsible for considerable morbidity. Our previous work has demonstrated that if poorly controlled this can impair educational performance.

Aim:
The primary aim of this trial was to assess the impact of a primary care–based professional training intervention on clinical outcomes in adolescents with seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Methods:
Cluster trial in which UK general practice staff were randomised to a short, intensive workshop on the evidence-based management of seasonal allergic rhinitis. The primary outcome measure was the change in the validated Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire with Standardized Activities (RQLQ(S)) score between baseline and 6 weeks post intervention (minimal clinically important difference=0.5). Secondary outcome measures of interest included health-care professionals’ knowledge and confidence in managing seasonal allergic rhinitis, number of seasonal allergic rhinitis-related consultations, relevant treatments prescribed and symptom scores.

Results:
Thirty-eight general practices were randomised (20 in the intervention arm) and 246 patients (50.2% males, mean age 15 years) were included in the primary outcome analysis. Health-care professionals’ knowledge and confidence of the clinical management of seasonal allergic rhinitis improved. This did not, however, result in clinically or statistically significant improvements in RQLQ(S): −0.15, (95% confidence interval, −0.5 to +0.2). There were no differences in consultation frequency, treatments issued for seasonal allergic rhinitis or symptom scores.

Conclusions:
Although associated with increases in professionals’ self-assessed confidence and understanding of seasonal allergic rhinitis management, this intensive training workshop did not translate into improvements in adolescents’ disease-specific quality of life or a reduction in rhinitis symptoms.
Reconfigurable dual‐port UWB diversity antenna with high port isolation
Authors: Shaikh A. , Saleem R. , Shafique M.F. , Brown A.K. 
Published: May 2014

A reconfigurable dual‐port diversity antenna for ultra‐wideband application is presented. The proposed design can be configured either in stacked/back‐to‐back arrangement by placing radiating elements facing in the opposite directions or in orthogonal arrangement. The proposed designs are realised on FR4 substrate of dimensions 40 × 36 × 1.5 mm. By introducing an efficient decoupling structure in the ground plane, both configurations maintain an isolation better than 25 dB over the complete band. Performance of the proposed design is verified by the measured results including s‐parameters, envelope correlation coefficient, total active reflection coefficient and channel capacity loss. The proposed design is suitable for integration in three‐dimensional (3D) system‐in‐package applications.
Synthetic di-sulfated iduronic acid attenuates asthmatic response by blocking T-cell recruitment to inflammatory sites
Authors: Nonaka Motohiro , Bao Xingfeng , Matsumura Fumiko , Götze Sebastian , Kandasamy Jeyakumar , Kononov Andrew , Broide David H. , Nakayama Jun , Seeberger Peter H. , Fukuda Minoru 
Published: May 2014

SignificanceAsthmatic inflammation is orchestrated by T-lymphocyte cell trafficking network within lungs, blood circulation, secondary lymphoid organ, and peripheral tissue. Here, we demonstrated that T cell and following eosinophil recruitment was substantially reduced in our recently generated mouse model, where heparan sulfate synthase exostoses-1 (Ext1) is knockout in an inducible manner. Moreover, we discovered that even a monosaccharide, 2,4-disulfated iduronic acid (Di-S-IdoA), bound to chemokine CCL20 and significantly inhibited CCL20 binding to heparan sulfate and to endothelial cell surface. We found that Di-S-IdoA attenuated asthmatic reaction, measured by T cell, eosinophil, and CCL20 recruitment in asthmatic mice. These findings show for the first time (to our knowledge) that sulfate monosaccharide can be developed into a potent therapeutic agent for treating asthma.
How cells flow in the spreading of cellular aggregates
Authors: Beaune Grégory , Stirbat Tomita Vasilica , Khalifat Nada , Cochet-Escartin Olivier , Garcia Simon , Gurchenkov Vasily Valérïévitch , Murrell Michael P. , Dufour Sylvie , Cuvelier Damien , Brochard-Wyart Françoise 
Published: May 2014

Significance
Cellular aggregates are in vitro model of tumors. Deposited on adhesive substrates, they spread like liquid droplets with a monolayer expanding from the aggregate. We model spreading dynamics by balancing driving forces at the film periphery and viscous forces associated to the penetration of the cells from the (3D) aggregate into the (2D) film. By confocal microscopy, we observe this mechanism named “permeation” by tracking single cells. Using particle image velocimetry, we characterize the flow field versus substrate rigidity. If cells spread like a viscous liquid on stiff substrate, the flows become irregular, with formation of holes as the rigidity decreases. This work will shed light on the dynamics of tissue spreading occurring during cancer progression and embryonic development.
The stomach and small and large intestinal microbiomes.
Authors: Riedel C. U. , Schwiertz A. , Egert M. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

This chapter provides an overview on the composition of the microbial flora inhabiting the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT), as well as its entire genetic information and the microbe-microbe and host-microbe interactions taking place in the GIT. Scientific advances on the microbiome of the upper (stomach and duodenum) and lower GIT (jejunum, ileum, caecum, colon, rectum), particularly of healthy and diseased people, are discussed. In addition, relevant factors that affect the composition of the GIT microbiome are also explored.
Function of the human gut microbiota.
Authors: Matsuki T. , Tanaka R. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

This chapter reviews the various functions of the human gut microbiata in relation to: (1) production and conversion of bioactive compounds; (2) regulation of the crypt-villus structure in the small intestine; (3) immune maturation; (4) prevention of pathogenic infections; (5) energy homeostasis, adiposity and obesity; and (6) host behaviour.
Exploring adaptive management in environmental farm programs in Saskatchewan, Canada
Authors: Hurlbert Margot , Pittman Jeremy 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This paper assesses two policy programs employed over the last several decades in the rural agricultural sector in Saskatchewan, Canada through the lens of adaptive management. The programs relate to farm environmental management practices and farm water infrastructure, which reduce the vulnerability of agricultural producers to climate change impacts. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with key informants from the agricultural policy community and then interpreted through qualitative content analysis. Results contribute to the scholarship of adaptive management and suggest ways to improve the two farm programs.
MethylSig: a whole genome DNA methylation analysis pipeline
Authors: Park Yongseok , Figueroa Maria E. , Rozek Laura S. , Sartor Maureen A. 
Published: May 2014

Motivation: DNA methylation plays critical roles in gene regulation and cellular specification without altering DNA sequences. The wide application of reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) and whole genome bisulfite sequencing (bis-seq) opens the door to study DNA methylation at single CpG site resolution. One challenging question is how best to test for significant methylation differences between groups of biological samples in order to minimize false positive findings.
Results: We present a statistical analysis package, methylSig, to analyse genome-wide methylation differences between samples from different treatments or disease groups. MethylSig takes into account both read coverage and biological variation by utilizing a beta-binomial approach across biological samples for a CpG site or region, and identifies relevant differences in CpG methylation. It can also incorporate local information to improve group methylation level and/or variance estimation for experiments with small sample size. A permutation study based on data from enhanced RRBS samples shows that methylSig maintains a well-calibrated type-I error when the number of samples is three or more per group. Our simulations show that methylSig has higher sensitivity compared with several alternative methods. The use of methylSig is illustrated with a comparison of different subtypes of acute leukemia and normal bone marrow samples.
Availability: methylSig is available as an R package at http://sartorlab.ccmb.med.umich.edu/software.
Contact: sartorma@umich.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary Data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The Origin and Biosynthesis of the Benzenoid Moiety of Ubiquinone (Coenzyme Q) in Arabidopsis
Authors: Block Anna , Widhalm Joshua R. , Fatihi Abdelhak , Cahoon Rebecca E. , Wamboldt Yashitola , Elowsky Christian , Mackenzie Sally A. , Cahoon Edgar B. , Chapple Clint , Dudareva Natalia , Basset Gilles J. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
It is not known how plants make the benzenoid ring of ubiquinone, a vital respiratory cofactor. Here, we demonstrate that Arabidopsis thaliana uses for that purpose two separate biosynthetic branches stemming from phenylalanine and tyrosine. Gene network modeling and characterization of T-DNA mutants indicated that acyl-activating enzyme encoded by At4g19010 contributes to the biosynthesis of ubiquinone specifically from phenylalanine. CoA ligase assays verified that At4g19010 prefers para-coumarate, ferulate, and caffeate as substrates. Feeding experiments demonstrated that the at4g19010 knockout cannot use para-coumarate for ubiquinone biosynthesis and that the supply of 4-hydroxybenzoate, the side-chain shortened version of para-coumarate, can bypass this blockage. Furthermore, a trans-cinnamate 4-hydroxylase mutant, which is impaired in the conversion of trans-cinnamate into para-coumarate, displayed similar defects in ubiquinone biosynthesis to that of the at4g19010 knockout. Green fluorescent protein fusion experiments demonstrated that At4g19010 occurs in peroxisomes, resulting in an elaborate biosynthetic architecture where phenylpropanoid intermediates have to be transported from the cytosol to peroxisomes and then to mitochondria where ubiquinone is assembled. Collectively, these results demonstrate that At4g19010 activates the propyl side chain of para-coumarate for its subsequent β-oxidative shortening. Evidence is shown that the peroxisomal ABCD transporter (PXA1) plays a critical role in this branch.
Increased carotid plaque burden in men with the fibrillin‐1 2/3 genotype
Authors: De Basso Rachel , Hedblad Bo , Carlson Joyce , Persson Margaretha , Östling Gerd , Länne Toste 
Published: May 2014

SummaryFibrillin‐1 (FBN1) is an important constituent of the vascular wall and earlier studies have indicated an effect of the FBN1 2/3 genotype on blood pressure as well as aortic stiffness in men. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the FBN1 2/3 genotype was associated with the presence of carotid plaque and incident cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in middle‐aged subjects. The FBN1 genotype was characterized in 5765 subjects (2424 men, 3341 women; age 45–69 years) recruited from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study Cardiovascular Cohort, Sweden. Plaque occurrence and intima–media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery were assessed by ultrasound. The incidence of first cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction and stroke) and cause‐specific mortality were monitored over a mean follow‐up period of 13.2 years. The most common FBN1 genotypes were 2/2, 2/3 and 2/4, which accounted for 92.2% (n = 5317) of subjects. There were no differences between the three genotypes regarding age, blood pressure, glucose, lipids, smoking habits, common carotid artery diameter and intima–media thickness in men and women. The presence of plaque in the carotid artery was higher in men with the 2/3 genotype compared with the 2/2 and 2/4 genotypes (55% vs 46% and 50%, respectively; P = 0.007). No similar differences were observed in women. No significant relationship was observed between FBN1 genotypes and the incidence of cardiovascular disease or all‐cause mortality. The increased prevalence of plaque in the carotid artery of middle‐aged men with the FBN1 2/3 genotype indicates pathological arterial wall remodelling with a more pronounced atherosclerotic burden.
Twin parenthood: the midwife's role – a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Carrick‐Sen DM , Steen N , Robson SC 
Published: May 2014

ObjectiveTo determine whether a midwife‐led intervention improved preparation for twin parenting and maternal psychosocial outcome.DesignRandomised controlled trial.SettingTwo maternity units in North East England.PopulationA cohort of 162 women with uncomplicated twin pregnancy.MethodsSelf‐completion questionnaire at multiple time points.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was probable postnatal depression (measured with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, EPDS) 26 weeks after delivery. Secondary outcomes included preparation for parenting, maternal anxiety, parenting stress, and maternal wellbeing.ResultsThe mean maternal EPDS scores at 26 weeks after delivery were 5.4 (SD 4.5) in the twin intervention (TI) group and 6.9 (SD 5.5) in the twin control (TC) group, and the mean difference between the groups was 1.5 (95% confidence interval, 95% CI, −0.2 to 3.3). The relative risk (RR) of having probable depression in the TI group compared with the TC group at 26 weeks was 0.48 (95% CI 0.19–1.20) for mothers and 0.84 (95% CI 0.42–1.70) for fathers. There were no statistically significant differences in maternal anxiety or parenting stress. TI mothers reported increased maternal wellbeing, reaction to motherhood, family support, mood, and greater self‐confidence 26 weeks after delivery, and felt more prepared for parenting.ConclusionAs a result of the limited sample size, the study was unable to detect a difference in maternal depression using the maternal EPDS mean score. The antenatal preparation for parenting programme did not improve postnatal maternal anxiety or parenting stress; however, it did improve postnatal maternal wellbeing, mood, self‐confidence, reaction to motherhood, and better prepared mothers to parent twin infants. Midwives have a key role in preparing mothers to parent twins.
DNAbarcoding reveals 24 distinct lineages as cryptic bird species candidates in and around theJapaneseArchipelago
Authors: Saitoh Takema , Sugita Norimasa , Someya Sayaka , Iwami Yasuko , Kobayashi Sayaka , Kamigaichi Hiromi , Higuchi Aki , Asai Shigeki , Yamamoto Yoshihiro , Nishiumi Isao 
Published: May 2014

AbstractDNAbarcoding using a partial region (648 bp) of the cytochromecoxidaseI(COI) gene is a powerful tool for species identification and has revealed many cryptic species in various animal taxa. In birds, cryptic species are likely to occur in insular regions like the Japanese Archipelago due to the prevention of gene flow by sea barriers. UsingCOIsequences of 234 of the 251 Japanese‐breeding bird species, we established aDNAbarcoding library for species identification and estimated the number of cryptic species candidates. A total of 226 species (96.6%) had uniqueCOIsequences with large genetic divergence among the closest species based on neighbour‐joining clusters, genetic distance criterion and diagnostic substitutions. Eleven cryptic species candidates were detected, with distinct intraspecific deep genetic divergences, nine lineages of which were geographically separated by islands and straits within the Japanese Archipelago. To identify Japan‐specific cryptic species from trans‐Paleartic birds, we investigated the genetic structure of 142 shared species over an extended region covering Japan and Eurasia; 19 of these species formed two or more clades with high bootstrap values. Excluding six duplicated species from the total of 11 species within the Japanese Archipelago and 19 trans‐Paleartic species, we identified 24 species that were cryptic species candidates within and surrounding the Japanese Archipelago. Repeated sea level changes during the glacial and interglacial periods may be responsible for the deep genetic divergences of Japanese birds in this insular region, which has led to inconsistencies in traditional taxonomies based on morphology.
The timing of elective caesarean deliveries and early neonatal outcomes in singleton infants born 37–41 weeks' gestation
Authors: Doan Emily , Gibbons Kristen , Tudehope David 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundBirths by elective caesarean section (CS) are rising, particularly before 39 weeks' gestation, which may be associated with unacceptably high risk of adverse neonatal outcomes. The optimal timing of these deliveries needs to be determined with recent recommendations to delay births by elective CS until 39 weeks.AimsTo evaluate the association between gestational age (GA) at delivery and neonatal outcomes after elective CS between 37 and 41 weeks.Materials and MethodsRetrospective cohort study of viable singleton neonates delivered by elective CS at Mater Mothers' Hospitals (1998–2009). Neonates were stratified into two GA groups with early term (ET, 37–38 weeks) compared with the reference group of full and late term (FLT, 39–41 weeks). The primary outcome examined was serious respiratory morbidity; secondary outcomes included depression at birth, nursery admission and assisted ventilation.ResultsFourteen thousand and four hundred and forty‐seven mother–baby pairs were included (59.9% delivered before 39 weeks). There was a significantly decreasing risk of adverse neonatal outcomes with increasing GA. Compared to FLT, delivery at ET almost tripled the risk of the primary outcome (AOR 2.74; 95% CI 1.79–4.21). Rates of most secondary outcomes were at least doubled.ConclusionElective CS performed at 37–38 weeks is associated with poorer neonatal outcomes compared to those delivered at 39–41 weeks. This study supports recent recommendations to delay delivery by elective CS until week 39 if possible.