bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symptoms of toxicity due to occupational exposure among farmers in Tripura, India
Authors: Das Dipak Kumar , Kumar Prakash , Dhar Murali 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Agriculture, being the third most hazardous occupations among all sectors in the world poses serious and an important public health problem. Farmers use huge amount of inorganic pesticides and/or fertilizers (agrochemicals) without any training and proper personal safety to fulfil the increased food demand, resulting into health problems. Therefore, the current study aims to assess the prevalence of toxicity symptoms among the farmers due to use of agrochemicals in the north-eastern state of Tripura, India.
Methods
To fulfil the objective of the study, primary data was collected from 995 farmers of Dhalai district using multistage stratified random sampling. A semi-structured questionnaire was developed and pre-tested. Bi-variate analysis was used to assess the pattern of toxicity and Chi-square test was applied to test the significance of association with the factors under consideration. Finally, logistic regression was applied to examine the factors independently associated with different toxicities.
Findings
: Above one-third (39%) of the farmers reported toxicity symptoms while using agrochemicals. Prevalence of symptoms of any toxicities was much higher among males than females. The major toxicity symptoms were skin-rash (16%), vomiting (12%), skin redness (10%), headache (7%), and excessive sweating (6%). Age, sex, occupation, smoking and drinking behaviour were significantly associated with the symptoms of toxicities.
Conclusions
There is need for increased awareness level and training to accustom the farmers with safe professional practices and personal hygiene. In addition, there is need to examine the farmer welfare government schemes to ensure its reach at the community level.
Halogen-Dependent Deep-Blue Circularly Polarized Emitters with Ultrahigh-Color-Purity Under High Pressure
Authors: Zang Shuang-Quan , Sun Meng-En , Wang Fei , He Manman , Yang Ya-Ni , Yang Ji-Kun , Zhang Xiao-Jing , Chen Gaosong , Wang Yonggang , Fu Yongping , Li Qi , Wang Zhenling , Jiang Lei , Wu Yuchen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Achieving free exciton (FE) emission in low-dimensional (2D, 1D, and 0D) metal halide perovskites is challenging due to the strong electron–phonon coupling effect induced by lead halide octahedral distortion. Herein, the FE emission behaviors of three new 2D chiral perovskites, (R-3-XPEA)2PbBr4 (PEA = phenethylamine, X = F, Cl, Br), were investigated under hydrostatic pressure. (R-3-BrPEA)2PbBr4 and (R-3-ClPEA)2PbBr4 exhibited high color–purity deep-blue circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) dominated by FE at pressures of 1.7 and 2.5 GPa, respectively, whereas (R-3-FPEA)2PbBr4 presented broadband warm-white CPL under high pressure. The structural analysis and theoretical calculation results demonstrated that pressure reduced the penetration depths of R-3-BrPEA+ and R-3-ClPEA+ into [PbBr6]4- inorganic frameworks by strengthening halogen···halogen (Br···Br and Cl···Cl) interactions between organic amines, resulting in smaller [PbBr6]4- octahedral distortion and weaker electron–phonon coupling in (R-3-BrPEA)2PbBr4 and (R-3-ClPEA)2PbBr4. Thus, pressure-driven enhancement of halogen···halogen interactions was responsible for remarkable deep-blue CPL in (R-3-BrPEA)2PbBr4 and (R-3-ClPEA)2PbBr4. Conversely, [PbBr6]4- octahedral distortion and strong electron–phonon coupling could not be effectively suppressed in (R-3-FPEA)2PbBr4 owing to the lack of halogen···halogen interactions, leading to the absence of deep-blue CPL. Our work gives a new insight into the intrinsic structure-property relationship between noncovalent interactions and the ultrahigh-color-purity emission behavior in chiral perovskites.
A Novel Calcium and Biostimulant elicitors based preharvest treatments reduces postharvest berry rotting and maintains the quality of Grapes cv. Thompson Seedless.
Authors: Shricharan Senthilkumar , Hemanth Kumar J , Bhattacharjee Arghyadeep Ashok , Muniputtaiah Harish , Deore Rajendra Pandit 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The effectiveness of preharvest measures in reducing postharvest losses in table grapes cv. Thompson Seedless was studied by foliar application of four treatments used: T0 (Control), T1 (Biostimulant elicitors based formulation), T2 (Calcium salt), and T3 (combination of Biostimulant and Calcium based formulation) at three spray schedules of (2 days before harvest (DBH), 10 DBH, and 10+2 DBH). The results demonstrated that Treatment T1 showed a significant decrease in berry rotting compared to the control group in both the 2 DBH and 10 DBH groups. The browning of the rachis was significantly reduced by T1 treatment, resulting in maintenance of rachis colour until 8 DAH. The application of T2 at 10 DBH led to a significant drop in berry shattering. In the 2 DBH group, T2 exhibited the highest reductions in berry cracking. In addition, T1 consistently exhibited elevated levels of Total Soluble Sugar showing a significant increase in the 2 DBH group. T1 demonstrated superior efficacy in managing weight loss when applied to plants at 2 DBH. Hence, these findings highlight the capability of Velabs's Biostimulant and calcium-based formulation to effectively address postharvest issues in table grapes via a synergistic approach.
Topology Optimization Method in Two-Dimensional Structures via Hybrid-Mixed Stress Formulation
Authors: Coutinho Henrique Guimarães , Góis Wesley , Navarro Luis Armando Piccino 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This paper explores the application of the Hybrid-Mixed Stress Formulation (HMSF) in the Topology Optimization Method (TOM), a technique for optimizing material distribution in structures. HMSF, a non-conventional Finite Element Method (FEM), places emphasis on direct and independent stress field approximation. Despite recent trends in non-standard FEM methods, hybrid-mixed formulations remain relatively underexplored in TOM problems. The paper also presents the mathematical formulation of HMSF-TOM, crucial for its implementation, and addresses the Minimum Compliance with Weight and Stress Constraints (MCWSC) problem. The potential of the formulation is examined through a stress constraint problem evaluated using a p-mean norm in two examples: the L-Bracket Beam and the Portal Frame. The formulation achieves freely checkboard designs and optimal layouts with no edge fading, consistent with classic FEM results. Concerning the stress constraints problems, the formulation has shown to alleviate the stress concentrations regions, agreeing with the results found on the literature, although not achieving layouts with maximum stress lower than the limit prescribed.
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Facilities in Sikkim: Findings from National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 5
Authors: Gurung Rajiv , Sharma Kabindra , Rai Runa 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

The UN General Assembly has recognized access to improved drinking water and sanitation as a fundamental right. Despite this, a significant portion of the global population lacked access to safely managed drinking water (around 25%) and improved sanitation (around 50%) in 2020. India, the second most populous country, has approximately 3.7% of its population without access to improved drinking water and 31% without access to improved sanitation. This article examines factors influencing household access to improved drinking water and sanitation in Sikkim, India, using National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 5 data. The findings reveal that urban households, older, unmarried, female-headed households, with smaller families, earning higher incomes, located in the North, West and South districts, were more likely to have access to improved drinking water. Similarly, households with unmarried heads, located in higher wealth quintiles, located in the East district, were more likely to have access to improved sanitation facilities. The study suggests subsidizing the cost of improved water and sanitation services for poor rural households and increasing public investment to make these facilities more affordable for them.
A Functional Human Glycogen Debranching Enzyme Encoded by a Synthetic Gene: Its Implications for Glycogen Storage Disease Type III Management
Authors: Triggiani Doriana , Demurtas Olivia C. , Illiano Elena , Massa Silvia , Pasquo Alessandra , Dionisi-Vici Carlo , Marino Carmela , Giuliano Giovanni , Franconi Rosella 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Glycogen Storage Disease type III (GSD III) is a metabolic disorder resulting
from a deficiency of the Glycogen Debranching Enzyme (GDE), a large monomeric protein
(approximately 170 kDa) with cytoplasmic localization and two distinct enzymatic activities:
4-α-glucantransferase and amylo-α-1,6-glucosidase. Mutations in the Agl gene, with consequent
deficiency in GDE, lead to the accumulation of abnormal/toxic glycogen with shorter chains (phosphorylase
limit dextrin, PLD) in skeletal and/or heart muscle and/or in the liver. Currently, there is
no targeted therapy, and available treatments are symptomatic, relying on specific diets.

Methods:
Enzyme Replacement Therapy (ERT) might represent a potential therapeutic strategy
for GSD III. Moreover, the single-gene nature of GSD III, the subcellular localization of GDE,
and the type of affected tissues represent ideal conditions for exploring gene therapy approaches.
Toward this direction, we designed a synthetic, codon-optimized cDNA encoding the human
GDE.

Results:
This gene yielded high amounts of soluble, enzymatically active protein in Escherichia
coli. Moreover, when transfected in Human Embryonic Kidney cells (HEK-293), it successfully
encoded a functional GDE.

Conclusion:
These results suggest that our gene or protein might complement the missing function
in GSD III patients, opening the door to further exploration of therapeutic approaches for this
disease.
Design and Development of Ophthalmic Liposomes from the QbD Perspective
Authors: Pawar Kaustubh , Shaikh Karimunnisa 
Published: July 2024

:
Due to significant lachrymation, drug washing out, and poor adhesion to the lipophilic outer layer
of the precorneal and cornea membrane, topical ophthalmic solution drops have poor ocular bioavailability.
The rate of transcorneal absorption is impacted in the case of hydrophilic drug molecules as brimonidine tartrate,
timolol maleate, cyclosporine, etc. Ophthalmic solution administered in many doses is less patient-compliant.
The limitation of multiple-dose and its negative effects can be overcome by the development of delayed-
release liposomes. Liposomes are regulatory-approved novel drug delivery systems. Its vesicular form
aids in delaying medication release, and its lipidic makeup enables it to stick to the cornea's lipophilic layer.
As a result, it will prevent precorneal clearing, extend corneal contact time, and provide sufficient transcorneal
absorption. The aim of this review article is to portray the benefits of liposomes for ophthalmic drug delivery
and its formulation development in the light of QbD. The review discusses the composition, preparatory methods
and quality aspects of ophthalmic liposomes. It then accordingly reasonably proposes the quality target
product profile, critical quality attributes, critical material attributes and critical process parameters, involved
in liposome development for ophthalmic drug delivery. This review shall help formulation scientists to formulate
ophthalmic liposomes of desirable quality.
Cardiac Amyloidosis in Venezuela: A Pending Issue
Authors: Salazar Juan , Bracho Mayela , Esis Carlos , Añez-Ramos Roberto 
Published: July 2024

:
Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is an infiltrative disease characterized by the deposition
of misfolded proteins in cardiac interstitial tissue. Interest towards studying this pathology has
been growing in the last decade, as new epidemiological insights have revealed that it is not as
uncommon as previously believed. Likewise, advances in non-invasive diagnostic approaches
and the identification of molecules that modify its long-term progression, even in terms of
mortality, have also bolstered interest in CA. Despite this global panorama, in Venezuela, limitations
remain regarding the diagnosis of CA, partly associated with a lack of knowledge of the
disease. Therefore, additional efforts are necessary for clinical cardiologists to hone their diagnostic
skills regarding this disease, as opportune identification is an essential step for its effective
management.
A Systematic Review of the Impact of Benzimidazole-based Anthelmintics
on Lung Cancer in Animal Models
Authors: Garg Aakriti , Khan Mohd. Ashif 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Emerging studies have reported the potential anticancer activity of
FDA-approved benzimidazole-based anthelmintics against lung cancer. Therefore, the current
systematic review aimed to explore the anticancer activity of benzimidazole-based anthelmintics
in lung cancer animal models.

Method:
The databases including Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were searched till
April 2024 for the animal studies evaluating the anticancer activity of benzimidazole-based anthelmintics against lung cancer. The relevant data was extracted in the prepared format in Microsoft Excel. Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE)
risk of bias (RoB) was used to assess the quality of included studies. The protocol for this study
has been registered in PROSPERO (Registration number: CRD42022352141).

Results:
Initially, we obtained 4150 articles, and finally eight articles were included in the current study. The information in the included studies was a bit diversified including different benzimidazole-based anthelmintics, dosage, route of administration, and duration of experiments.
However, all studies reported that exposure to benzimidazole-based anthelmintics decreased tumor size and tumor volume in animal models of lung cancer.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, benzimidazole-based anthelmintics have the potential to treat lung
cancer. However, more controlled and thorough preclinical studies are required to evaluate its
efficacy, safety, and mechanism of anticancer activities.
Metabolomic Study on the Intervention Mechanism of the Mongolian
Medicine Forsythia-4 in Rats with Liver Damage Induced by Pyloric
Ligation
Authors: Wang Huan , Gong Juhua , Hai Ning , Fu Minghai , A Lisa , Li Huifang 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Forsythia-4 is an herbal formula commonly used in traditional Mongolian
Medicinal clinics to treat peptic ulcers. However, the mechanism of its pharmacological components
has not yet been fully characterized.

Aim:
The study aimed to evaluate the biological basis for the clinical prevention and preventive
treatment of uncontrolled liver function caused by metabolomics from Forsythia-4 to investigate the
intervention mechanism in rats with liver injury caused by pyloric ligation (PL).

Methods:
PL was performed to induce gastric and duodenal ulcers in rats, which were then treated
with oral Forsythia-4 (Solongga-4) for 15 days. PL-induced Liver Damage. Therapeutic effects were
characterized by pathological and histological evaluations, and inflammatory indicators were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Microarray analyses were conducted to identify
liver tissue gene expression profiles in PL rats with or without Forsythia-4 treatment and detected
chemical composition by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS.

Results:
Forsythia-4's effects on rat serum revealed that the levels of ALT and AST in the model
group were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than in the control group and that they were significantly
lower (p < <0.05) in the medication administration group than in the model group. The contents of
BILD2 and SBIL3 in the model group were considerably higher (p < 0.01) compared with the control group and significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the medication administration group compared with
the model group. These effects of Forsythia-4 in serum with pyloric ligation liver injury. In rats with
liver damage brought on by pyloric ligation, Forsythia-4's serum metabolic profile study revealed 25
metabolic alterations from the model group and 39 metabolites from the drug administration group.
IGFBP1, which was upregulated in the model group compared to the control group and downregulated in the administration group compared to the model group, was the regulator of the differential metabolite's pathway for arachidonic acid metabolism.

Conclusion:
Pyloric ligation can alter the regulation of the IGFBP1 factor in the pathway that produces adipose tissue, and after Forsythia-4 intervention, the regulation of the IGFBP1 factor in the
route that produces adipose tissue returns to normal.
Numerical Simulation of Transition Resistance for TSF: Influence of Moisture Content
Authors: Zhou Yao , He Jianbo , Yu Wuqiang , Shen Xueming , Wu Fengbin , He Xiaobin , Li Zuopeng , Ning Wenjun 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Tree-contact single-phase-to-ground fault (TSF) is a kind of common
fault in the distribution grid. Since the initial electrical signal of TSF is weak, it is difficult to detect
and remove it in time. Finally, it may evolve into more severe faults such as arc faults.

Objective:
Therefore, establishing a numerical model capable of depicting the trend of TSF transition
resistance can contribute to clarifying the development of TSF and provide a reference for
early fault detection. The moisture content of branches is one of the important factors affecting
TSF development, yet the mechanism of moisture content affecting the fault development is still
ambiguous.

Method:
In order to explore the fault development process of branches with various moisture
content, a TSF experimental platform of a 10kV distribution network line is built to evolve a
characteristic curve of transition resistance influenced by moisture content and the temperature
change curve during the development of TSF. Based on the experimental data, a numerical model
of TSF transition resistance considering moisture content of trees is established. According to the
trend of experimental data, a segmented model with the first peak of leakage current as the dividing
point is established.

Results:
The segmented model takes the change of tree resistivity with temperature as the core,
reduces the dependence on the traditional empirical parameters, and improves the fitting degree
with different tree branch parameters. The improved model has a higher matching degree with
the experimental measurement data.

Conclusion:
The comparison between simulation results and experimental data shows that the
improved model can efficiently predict the development process of TSF transition resistance under
various tree parameters.
LEARNING BLOG AS AN ALTERNATIVE INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA AT SMP NEGERI 1 NGASEM KEDIRI
Authors: Ananda Kun Sila 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
One of the problems in distance learning that was implemented during pandemic was the absence of face-to-face learning process in class between students and teacher. The same thing was experienced by teachers of the social sciences subject at SMP Negeri 1 Ngasem Kediri. It is in this position that the teacher is then required to be more creative in designing learning and facilitating students to continue to gain knowledge. One way that can be done is through improving teacher skills which is one of the goals of this community service. Improving teacher skills is carried out through workshops and training on developing learning blogs for social science teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Ngasem. Activities carried out include Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and Workshops which are held online. From the results of the implementation of community service, it was found that social science teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Ngasem were able to take part in blog development training well. In addition, teachers become motivated to create their own learning blog.

Abstrak
Salah satu permasalahan dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ) yang diterapkan pada masa pandemic ini adalah ketidakhadiran guru secara langsung dalam proses belajar mengajar. Hal serupa juga dialami oleh guru rumpun ilmu sosial di SMP Negeri 1 Ngasem Kediri. Pada posisi inilah guru kemudian dituntut untuk lebih kreatif dalam merancang pembelajaran dan memfasilitasi siswa agar tetap mendapatkan ilmu pengetahuan. Salah satu cara yang bisa dilakukan adalah melalui peningkatan keterampilan guru yang menjadi salah satu tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini. Peningkatan keterampilan guru dilakukan melalui workshop dan pelatiahn pengembangan blog pembelajaran untuk guru rumpun ilmu sosial di SMP Negeri 1 Ngasem. Kegiatan yang dilaksanakan, antara lain adalah Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dan Workshop yang dilaksanakan secara daring. Dari hasil pelaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat tersebut didapatkan bahwa guru rumpun ilmu sosial di SMP Negeri 1 Ngasem dapat mengikuti pelatiahn pengembangan blog dengan baik. Selain itu, guru menjadi termotivasi untuk membuat blog pembelajaran sendiri.
PERAN GAPOKTAN GUNUNGSARI MAKMUR DALAM MEMBANGUN SOLIDARITAS PETANI MAWAR POTONG DI DESA GUNUNGSARI BUMIAJI KOTA BATU
Authors: Setiawan Satria Akbar , Pratiwi Poerwanti Hadi 
Published: July 2024

Latarbelakang penelitian ini melihat kesuksesan Gapoktan Gunungsari Makmur sebagai yang berhasil dalam mencapai tujuannya yakni meningkatkan pendapatan petani mawar potong di Desa Gunungsari. Adanya solidaritas di dalam gapoktan berperan penting dalam tercapainya tujuan dari organisasi tersebut. Penelitian ini memunculkan peran apa saja yang dilakukan oleh gapoktan dalam membangun solidaritas antar petani mawar potong di Desa Gunungsari, Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan lokasi penelitian di Desa Gunungsari, Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu. Teknik sampling menggunakan purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi di lapangan. Teknik validasi data menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Analisa data menggunakan teknik analisa data kualitatif interaktif. Hasil penelitian berupa : 1) Gapoktan berperan sebagai lembaga yang menghimpun dan mengorganisasi petani sebagai tugas pelayanaan petani mawar dalam rangka mencapai tujuan pertanian. 2) Gapoktan berperan dalam meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya petani mawar melalui program kerja. 3) Gapoktan menjadi mediator antara petani dengan berbagai macam pihak yang menjalin kerjasama seperti pemerintah maupun perusahaan swasta.