bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usefulness of a Lateral Thoracodorsal Flap after Breast Conserving Surgery in Laterally Located Breast Cancer
Authors: Yang Jung Dug , Ryu Dong Wan , Lee Jeong Woo , Choi Kang Young , Chung Ho Yun , Cho Byung Chae , Park Ho Yong , Byun Jin Suk 
Published: July 2013

Background Breast-conserving surgery is widely accepted as an appropriate method in breast cancer, and the lateral thoracodorsal flap provides a simple, reliable technique, especially when a mass is located in the lateral breast. This study describes the usefulness of a lateral thoracodorsal flap after breast conserving surgery in laterally located breast cancer.
Methods From September 2008 to February 2013, a lateral thoracodorsal flap was used in 20 patients with laterally located breast cancer treated at our institution. The technique involves a local medially based, wedge shaped, fasciocutaneous transposition flap from the lateral region of the thoracic area. Overall satisfaction and aesthetic satisfaction surveys were conducted with the patients during a 6-month postoperative follow-up period. Aesthetic results in terms of breast shape and symmetry were evaluated by plastic surgeons.
Results The average specimen weight was 76.8 g. The locations of the masses were the upper lateral quadrant (n=15), the lower lateral quadrant (n=2), and the central lateral area (n=3). Complications developed in four of the cases, partial flap necrosis in one, wound dehiscence in one, and fat necrosis in two. The majority of the patients were satisfied with their cosmetic outcomes.
Conclusions Partial breast reconstruction using a lateral thoracodorsal flap is well matched with breast color and texture, and the surgery is less aggressive than other techniques with few complications. Therefore, the lateral thoracodorsal flap can be a useful, reliable technique in correcting breast deformity after breast conserving surgery, especially in laterally located breast cancer.
A Comparative Study of CG CryoDerm and AlloDerm in Direct-to-Implant Immediate Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Lee Jun Ho , Park Ki Rin , Kim Tae Gon , Ha Ju-Ho , Chung Kyu-Jin , Kim Yong-Ha , Lee Soo Jung , Kang Soo Hwan 
Published: July 2013

Background To date, various types of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) have been developed for clinical use. AlloDerm is the most familiar type of ADM to most surgeons in breast reconstruction. It is prepared by freeze-drying. CG CryoDerm is the first form of ADM that requires no drying process. Therefore, theoretically, it has a higher degree of preservation of the dermal structures than AlloDerm. We conducted this study to compare the clinical course and postoperative outcomes of patients who underwent direct-to-implant breast reconstructions using AlloDerm and those who did using CG CryoDerm.
Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of the medical records in a consecutive series of 50 patients who underwent direct-to-implant breast reconstruction using AlloDerm (n=31) or CryoDerm (n=19). We then compared the clinical course and postoperative outcomes of the two groups based on the overall incidence of complications and the duration of drainage.
Results The mean follow-up period was 16 months. There were no significant differences in the overall incidence of complications (seroma, infection, skin flap necrosis, capsular contracture, and implant loss) between the two groups. Nor was there any significant difference in the duration of drainage.
Conclusions CG CryoDerm has the merits of short preparation time and easy handling during surgery. Our results indicate that CG CryoDerm might be an alternative allograft material to AlloDerm in direct-to-implant breast reconstruction.
Distribution of Basal Cell Carcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Facial Esthetic Unit
Authors: Choi Jung Hun , Kim Young Joon , Kim Hoon , Nam Sang Hyun , Choi Young Woong 
Published: July 2013

Background The most common cutaneous malignant masses are basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma. The predominant site of a malignant mass is the face, which has many opportunities to be exposed to ultraviolet radiation. However the predilection sites of malignant masses have been equivocal due to the use of general regions, rather than anatomical landmarks, in surveys. A facial esthetic unit is an anatomical site classified as an area of similar facial contour characteristics that can be distinguished from other areas. The purpose of this study is to determine widely accepted anatomical landmarks using the esthetic unit.
Methods We retrospectively analyzed 118 cases of malignant masses in our clinic from January 2005 to October 2012. We evaluated the patients' age, gender, and predilection site of the malignant mass by esthetic unit through pathology, medical records and patient photographs. We mapped the occurrence site of the malignant mass on schematic drawings of the esthetic units.
Results Most of the malignant masses were BCC. The ratio of males to females was 1:1.41. The frequent predilection site of a malignant mass was on the nasal unit (33.1%), followed by the buccal unit (11.0%). Primary closure was the most common method of repairing a surgical defect (38.9%), followed by a local flap (35.5%).
Conclusions This review described the relationship between clinical characteristics and esthetic units by proposing objective predilection sites for malignant masses, which can be used commonly as a framework in the study of malignant masses by unifying equivocal occurrence sites.
Glomus Tumors: Symptom Variations and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Diagnosis
Authors: Ham Ki Weon , Yun In Sik , Tark Kwan Chul 
Published: July 2013

Background The typical clinical symptoms of glomus tumors are pain, tenderness, and sensitivity to temperature change, and the presence of these clinical findings is helpful in diagnosis. However, the tumors often pose diagnostic difficulty because of variations in presentation and the nonspecific symptoms of glomus tumors. To the best of our knowledge, few studies have reported on the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing glomus tumors in patients with unspecific symptoms.
Methods The inclusion criteria of this study were: having undergone surgery for subungual glomus tumor of the hand, histopathologic confirmation of glomus tumor, and having undergone preoperative MRI. Twenty-one patients were enrolled. The characteristics of the tumors and the presenting symptoms including pain, tenderness, and sensitivity to temperature change were retrospectively reviewed.
Results Five out of 21 patients (23%) did not show the typical glomus tumor symptom triad because they did not complain of pain provoked by coldness. Nevertheless, preoperative MRI showed well-defined small soft-tissue lesions on T1- and T2-weighted images, which are typical findings of glomus tumors. The tumors were completely resected and confirmed as glomus tumor histopathologically.
Conclusions Early occult lesions of glomus tumor in the hand may not be revealed by physical examination because of their barely detectable symptoms. Moreover, subungual lesions may be particularly difficult to evaluate on physical examination. Our cases showed that MRI offers excellent diagnostic information in clinically undiagnosed or misdiagnosed patients. Preoperative MRI can accurately define the character and extent of glomus tumor, even though it is impalpable and invisible.
Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Using Matriderm In Comparison with a Skin Graft
Authors: Jeon Hyojin , Kim Junhyung , Yeo Hyeonjung , Jeong Hoijoon , Son Daegu , Han Kihwan 
Published: July 2013

Background For patients with neuropathy, vasculopathy, and impairment of wound healing, treatment of a diabetic foot ulcer poses many challenges. A large number of dermal analogues have been invented in an effort to overcome these challenges. Matriderm, a dermal analogue, is made from bovine collagen and elastin. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the effectiveness of Matriderm for treatment of diabetic foot ulcers, in comparison with skin grafting.
Methods Sixty patients with diabetic foot ulcer were included in this prospective study. The average age of the patients, who had type II diabetes mellitus, was 58 years old. The patients were allocated to an experimental or control group with their consents. The patients were selected with their consent for inclusion in an experimental group and a control group. Patients in the experimental group received a Matriderm appliance and a split-thickness skin graft, while those in the control group received only a split-thickness skin graft.
Results A shorter hospitalization period (7.52 weeks) was observed in the experimental group than in the control group (9.22 weeks), and a shorter period of time (8.61 weeks) was required for complete healing, compared with the control group (12.94 weeks), with statistical significance (P<0.05). A higher elasticity ratio of the affected side to the non-affected side was observed in the experimental group, compared with the control group (P<0.01).
Conclusions Matriderm enables effective healing and improves elasticity in treatment of patients with diabetic foot ulcer.
Modified Double-Eyelid Blepharoplasty Using the Single-Knot Continuous Buried Non-Incisional Technique
Authors: Moon Kyung-Chul , Yoon Eul-Sik , Lee Jun-Mun 
Published: July 2013

Background Buried non-incisional double-eyelid blepharoplasty is a popular aesthetic procedure. Although various modified continuous suture techniques have been used to create a more natural appearance and to reduce downtime, complications such as loosening of the double fold, asymmetry, and foreign body reactions have been observed.
Methods This study included 250 patients who underwent double-eyelid blepharoplasty between March 1997 and November 2012 using a modified single-knot continuous buried non-incisional technique. With 4 stab incisions in the upper eyelids, one of two needles loaded with double-armed 7-0 nylon was passed in one direction alternately through the dermis and the conjunctiva, while the other needle was passed subconjunctivally in the opposite direction. Both ends of the sutures were knotted within a lateral stab incision of the upper eyelids and were buried in the orbicularis oculi muscle.
Results Most patients displayed satisfactory aesthetic results, and no significant complications occurred. There was no obvious regression of the double fold; however, 3 patients required reoperation to correct loosening of the fold on one side during the follow-up period. One patient presented with the suture knot subcutaneously, and the knot was removed in the clinic.
Conclusions The modified single-knot continuous buried non-incisional technique is a simple and less time-consuming method for a durable double fold and provides satisfactory aesthetic results.
Personal Factors that Affect the Satisfaction of Female Patients Undergoing Esthetic Suture after Typical Thyroidectomy
Authors: Kim Hyo Young , Kim Jung Won , Park Jin Hyung , Kim Jung Hun , Han Yea Sik 
Published: July 2013

Background In esthetic surgery, understanding the factors that influence patient satisfaction is important for successful practice. We hypothesize that the factors that influence patient satisfaction include not only aesthetic and functional outcomes, but also personal factors such as the level of familiarity with factors affecting wound healing and expectations regarding aesthetic outcome.
Methods One hundred patients who underwent esthetic closure after thyroidectomy were included in this study. In order to evaluate the individual characteristics of the patients, a preoperative survey was administered to the patients. We estimated the patient satisfaction six months postoperatively and assessed the aesthetic and functional outcomes using the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale.
Results According to the results of correlation analysis, level of familiarity with wound healing factors had a positive correlation with satisfaction. High expectations, pain, itching, and high observer scale score had negative correlations with satisfaction. The factors that were correlated with satisfaction were included in the multiple regression analysis. Level of familiarity with wound healing factors was found to have a positive relationship with satisfaction, while itching and observer scale were found to have a negative relationship with satisfaction. After excluding 10 patients who had hypertrophic scars, only level of familiarity with wound healing factors and expectations affected satisfaction.
Conclusions The level of familiarity with factors affecting wound healing and expectations were found to independently affect satisfaction. Improving patients' level of familiarity with wound healing factors and reducing their expectations by providing suitable preoperative education has the potential to improve patient satisfaction.
The Utility of a Three-Dimensional Approach with T-Shaped Osteotomy in Osseous Genioplasty
Authors: Jegal Jung Jae , Kang Seok Joo , Kim Jin Woo , Sun Hook 
Published: July 2013

Background Facial beauty depends on the form, proportion, and position of various units of the face. In terms of the frontal view and facial profile, the chin is the most prominent aesthetic element of the lower third of the face. Many methods have been implemented to obtain good proportions of the lower face. In this study, we applied the T-shaped genioplasty method to correcting chin deformities.
Methods All of the procedures in 9 cases were performed under general anesthesia. For genioplasty, a horizontal cutting line and 1 or 2 vertical cutting lines were drawn 5 mm below the mental foramen. Osteotomed bone segments of the chin were used for horizontal widening using bone grafts or for horizontal shortening. Likewise, they were used as bone grafts for vertical lengthening or vertical shortening. The bone segments were approximated in the midline and held in place using miniplates.
Results The postoperative appearance of the 9 cases showed that the lower third of the face had been naturally changed. At the same time, vertical lengthening or shortening, and horizontal widening or shortening could be implemented during the operation. Satisfactory results were obtained based on reviews of the patients' preoperative and postoperative photographs. The patients were also satisfied with the outcomes.
Conclusions Using T-shaped genioplasty, we efficiently adjusted the shape and position of the chin to obtain good proportions of the lower face and change its contour to obtain an aesthetically appealing oval face in accordance with East Asians' aesthetic preferences.
Le gender mainstreaming, entre objectivation institutionnelle et apprentissage de l’égalité1
Authors: Perrier Gwenaëlle 
Published: July 2013

L’article analyse les modalités concrètes de la mise en oeuvre du gender mainstreaming dans les politiques d’emploi à Berlin et en Île-de-France au cours des années 2000. Il analyse les logiques de fonctionnement et les usages des deux principaux instruments qui opérationnalisent cette approche de l’égalité entre les sexes : les postes de promotion de l’égalité et les formations à l’égalité au sein des services publics de l’emploi français et allemand. Si l’introduction de ces instruments légitime la prise en compte de l’objectif d’égalité au sein des services publics de l’emploi et marque un changement important dans le diagnostic porté sur les causes des inégalités entre les sexes dans l’emploi, leur réappropriation par la majorité des acteurs de ces politiques reste limitée.
Le gender mainstreaming et la loi sur la violence domestique contre les femmes au Mozambique : les raisons de la controverse1
Authors: Mendy Angèle Flora 
Published: July 2013

Dans le domaine du genre, le Mozambique est présenté comme un bon exemple en Afrique. Le pays est signataire de nombreuses conventions et est associé aux grandes déclarations internationales dédiées à l’égalité des droits entre hommes et femmes. Soutenue par les organisations nationales et internationales, la loi très controversée sur « la violence domestique contre les femmes », adoptée en juillet 2009, est une action prioritaire pour mettre en oeuvre legender mainstreamingmême si le pays est caractérisé par une forte diversité ethnique et deux traditions de genre fort différentes.
Résidence alternée : la justice face aux rapports sociaux de sexe et de classe
Authors: Bessière Céline , Biland Émilie , Fillod-Chabaud Aurélie 
Published: July 2013

En 2002, en introduisant dans le Code civil la possibilité de résidence alternée des enfants suite à la séparation de leurs parents, les législateurs français ont institutionnalisé le principe de « coparentalité ». Dix ans après, la résidence des enfants chez leur mère continue pourtant de s’imposer massivement lors du règlement judiciaire des ruptures conjugales. À la lumière d’une enquête menée dans quatre tribunaux entre 2009 et 2010, l’article interroge les raisons de la progression limitée de la résidence alternée. Il explique pourquoi les pères et surtout les mères occupant des positions professionnelles stables, les affiliant souvent aux classes moyennes voire supérieures, ont nettement plus de chances de recourir à la résidence alternée que les hommes et les femmes des catégories populaires.
Maintien en emploi et inégalités de sexe
Authors: Kuehni Morgane , Rosende Magdalena , Schoeni Céline 
Published: July 2013

S’appuyant sur les données statistiques recueillies dans le cadre d’une recherche sur l’égalité entre les hommes et les femmes séniors en Suisse, l’article propose une analyse de la seconde partie de carrière sous l’angle de la division sexuelle du travail. Les taux élevés d’emploi des deux sexes dans ce pays tendent à masquer les inégalités de genre en matière d’insertion professionnelle, d’accès à la retraite et de cumul de charges de travail professionnelle et domestique. Fortement structurés par un « régime de genre traditionnel », les politiques publiques et le marché du travail concourent à allonger la durée de vie active des femmes afin qu’elles puissent assurer leur subsistance économique.
Politique de la merveille : Le Charlatan ou le Docteur Sacroton (1780) de Mercier, préfiguration de la première société du spectacle
Authors: Poirson Martial 
Published: July 2013

Le Charlatan ou le Docteur Sacroton(1780) de Louis-Sébastien Mercier est propice à l’analyse d’une sorte de « première société du spectacle ». La comédie-parade interroge, par cette figure éminemment théâtrale, la civilisation du simulacre qui éclot au coeur du Siècle des Lumières. Le personnage du bonimenteur surjoue le rapport à l’illusion théâtrale, multiplie les effets d’ostentation spectaculaire et suggère l’existence d’une relation désintermédiée entre orateur et auditeur. En tant que figure de comédien, mais également du tribun, susceptible de haranguer les foules et d’anticiper sur les effets de réception, il apparaît comme un procédé commode d’« artification », susceptible de porter le doute sur l’espace public structuré par la représentation. Mercier met ainsi en place une véritable politique de la merveille : au-delà de la satire du charlatan et des croyances populaires, la plaisante évocation de cette parole susceptible de donner vie, à la manière du mystère de l’Eucharistie, lui permet non seulement de sublimer l’efficacité symbolique du dispositif théâtralisé, mais encore d’entacher l’autodétermination et la conscience critique du public dont il vient pourtant de glorifier la capacité de jugement. Il s’agit de proposer une analyse dramaturgique précise de l’économie des affects et de l’anthropologie de l’attention qui s’y jouent.
« La lâcheté n’est point un crime, le courage n’est pas une vertu » : défaillances de l’Histoire, défaillances du corps dans Lorenzaccio, Chatterton et Ruy Blas
Authors: Forest Marjolaine 
Published: July 2013

Intermédiaire essentiel des enjeux idéologiques, politiques ou esthétiques portés par une pièce, le corps s’agrège par là même aux diverses médiations d’une réflexion ayant pour objet la socialité au théâtre. Le corps en scène suscite un intérêt tout particulier dès lors qu’il s’agit de son traitement par le drame romantique, dont l’efficacité démonstrative est servie aussi par l’incarnation. Dans Lorenzaccio, Chatterton et Ruy Blas, cette efficacité repose notamment sur la conception et la représentation d’un protagoniste dont la présence scénique s’élabore sur le mode de la carence : on tentera ainsi de montrer que le corps de chacun de ces trois héros romantiques est le symbole d’une Histoire défaillante par le spectacle de sa défaillance même.
Le théâtre, la littérature et les valeurs marchandes. Une analyse sociocritique de Chatterton et de Ruy Blas entre hier et aujourd’hui
Authors: Loncle Stéphanie 
Published: July 2013

Chatterton(1835) etRuy Blas(1838) proposent une réflexion sur la marchandisation des valeurs de l’art et de la politique au moment même où l’organisation marchande des activités théâtrales crée des tensions dans le monde des théâtres. Dans ces deux pièces, les personnages sont pris dans une relation marchande qui contraint leur action ou leur travail. Leurs discours produisent une compréhension (plus ou moins critique, plus ou moins cohérente) de cette situation qui concerne, en fait, une grande partie de la société de l’époque. Ces pièces offrent ainsi aux acteurs la possibilité de faire dialoguer leur personnage avec leur propre situation de travail (une performance scénique rémunérée dans un système théâtral en cours de libéralisation) et aux spectateurs, celle de s’interroger sur ce nouveau fait de société que constitue l’institutionnalisation du marché du travail.
La scène espagnole contemporaine et le « suprathéâtre » d’Angélica Liddell : un défi pour la sociocritique ?
Authors: Muñoz Cristina Vinuesa 
Published: July 2013

Face à un contexte social incertain, de jeunes dramaturges espagnols contemporains cherchent à s’interroger sur l’Histoire et leur société à travers la remise en cause de la représentation. Certains auteurs font de leur création une performance analytique déconstruisant le fond (un contexte social mis en forme par un texte) par la forme (les signes non verbaux de la représentation) et vice versa. L’article analyse cette double posture au moyen de la pièce intitulée Perro muerto en tintorería: los fuertes (2007) d’Angélica Liddell (née en Espagne en 1966). Elle répond à la fois à cette tendance destructrice du code établi et à une réutilisation du théâtre dans sa dimension sociopolitique. Cette pièce complexe offre une relecture innovante et personnelle du Contrat social de Rousseau : Liddell saccage la scène et torture le texte, lui imposant un rythme sans cesse changeant. La sociocritique permet de mieux comprendre cette démarche suprathéâtrale en faisant du tout historique, pour reprendre la notion crosienne et les éléments qui la composent, un point de départ pour la réflexion.
Le bouffon, le zombie et l’idiot. Trois figures de la folie politique et sociale sur les scènes contemporaines
Authors: Losco-Lena Mireille 
Published: July 2013

L’article propose une approche sociocritique du comique dans le théâtre contemporain à travers l’examen de trois figures de la folie – politique et sociale – présentes dans un corpus de pièces écrites en Europe depuis une quinzaine d’années, et dessinant les contours d’un théâtre des fous à l’usage de notre temps. Ces trois figures, le « bouffon », le « zombie » et l’« idiot », mettent en lumière des problématiques différentes de la société occidentale contemporaine. Le bouffon, et plus particulièrement l’« ubuesque », est la figure du grand écart entre le pouvoir et l’indignité de celui qui l’exerce ; il renvoie aux inquiétudes européennes relatives à la fragilité de la démocratie. Le zombie est relié à la société de consommation : il est le vivant déjà mort parce que mortellement aliéné à la marchandise, et dont la vie a perdu consistance, authenticité et subjectivité. L’idiot, enfin, par son inadaptation foncière au monde et son improbable naïveté, entretient un commerce minimal avec les représentations dominantes et, par cela même, semble le seul « fou » du théâtre contemporain à savoir encore manifester de la puissance de vie.