bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract A44: Latino men enrolled in a clinical and health education collaborative for colorectal cancer screening
Authors: Mojica Cynthia M. , Liang Yuanyuan , Carmona Christina M. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Latino colorectal cancer screening rates are less than optimal (46.5% have been screened) compared to federal benchmarks (70.5%) and non-Hispanic Whites (60%). Latino men in particular have a 17% lower screening rate compared to non-Latino men.
This study used community health workers to recruit Latino men (ages &gt; 50 who have never been screened for colorectal cancer) and offer educational sessions, navigation support, and no-cost stool blood tests and/or colonoscopies. The study partnered with three community-based organizations and a federally qualified health center.
To date, we have enrolled 262 eligible men (mean age: 57 + 5.3) who are uninsured (91%), employed (57%), and have an annual household income &lt; $20,000 (77%). Most were born in Mexico (65%), speak Spanish (64%), and have &lt; high school education (63%). Baseline analyses indicate at least 60% of men correctly identified starting age (&gt; 50) and frequency (annual) for stool blood testing. However, 69% equated cancer with death and 35% felt no control over their chances of getting cancer. One hundred thirty two (50%) of enrolled men have received a colorectal cancer screening test. Of the remaining 130, 20 were lost-to-follow-up, refused further follow-up, or missed &gt;3 appointments and the rest reported scheduling conflicts on clinic days. Preliminary analyses suggest that compared to men who have been screened, non-screened men have higher employment rates, are less likely to have seen a doctor in the past year, and exhibit no changes in knowledge/beliefs from baseline to follow-up.
Although the study has steadily enrolled and educated men (with support from spouses) on colorectal cancer risk factors, screening guidelines, and the benefits of early detection, our findings are consistent with other studies that find low colorectal cancer screening rates among Latino men. Future research is needed to better understand screening behavior and explore effective methods of increasing screening behavior in Latino men.
Citation Format: Cynthia M. Mojica, Yuanyuan Liang, Christina M. Carmona. Latino men enrolled in a clinical and health education collaborative for colorectal cancer screening. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Seventh AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 9-12, 2014; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A44.
Abstract A55: Racial differences in cultural values for cancer prevention and control: Fact or fiction
Authors: Jefferson Melanie , Riley Jodie , Rice Lashanta , Hughes-Halbert Chanita 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Background: Attention to cultural beliefs and values is a critical component of culturally competent cancer care for prevention, treatment, and control among all individuals. Yet, culturally tailored interventions have only been developed for racial and ethnic minorities. This is because cultural beliefs and values for cancer behavioral outcomes have only been ascribed to and evaluated in racial and ethnic groups.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate racial and ethnic differences in cultural beliefs and values related to religiosity, collectivism, individualism, and past and present temporal orientation for cancer prevention and control (CPC) in a national random sample of African Americans, whites, and Hispanic adults (n=1699). Respondents completed the Multi-Dimensional Cultural Values Assessment Tool (MCVAT) to assess cultural beliefs and values for CPC.
Results: There were significant racial/ethnic differences only in religious beliefs and values for CPC. Compared to whites, African Americans (Coefficient=3.75, p=0.001) and Hispanic (Coefficient=2.42, p=0.001) reported significantly greater religiosity. In addition, religious values were higher among respondents who were female (Coefficient=1.10, p=0.01), those who were high school graduates or had less education (Coefficient=-1.87, p=0.001), and respondents who had incomes less than $50,000 (Coefficient=-2.23, p=0.001). Education had a similar association with collectivist values (Coefficient=-1.01, p=0.01), but only the comparison of Hispanics versus whites had a significant association with these values (oefficient=0.76, p=0.04), individualistic values for CPC (Coefficient=1.04, p=0.001), and past (OR=1.85, 95% CI=1.28, 2.68, p=0.001) and present temporal orientation (OR=1.72, 95% CI=1.21, 2.44, p=0.003).
Conclusions: With the exception of religiosity, there are few differences in cultural beliefs and values for CPC between African Americans, whites, and Hispanics. Endorsement of cultural beliefs and values should not be assumed based on racial and ethnic group membership. Rather, cultural beliefs and values for CPC should be evaluated individually among patients and at-risk groups to provide culturally competent cancer care.
Citation Format: Melanie Jefferson, Jodie Riley, Lashanta Rice, Chanita Hughes-Halbert. Racial differences in cultural values for cancer prevention and control: Fact or fiction. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Seventh AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 9-12, 2014; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A55.
Abstract A75: Excess of proximal microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer in African Americans from a multiethnic study
Authors: Xicola Rosa ,   The Chicago Colorectal Cancer Consortium, Kupfer Sonia , Braunschweig Carol , Ellis Nathan , Llor Xavier 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Background: African Americans (AAs) have the highest incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) compared to other US populations and more proximal CRCs. The objective is to elucidate the basis of these cancer disparities.
Methods: 566 AA and 328 Non-Hispanic White (NHW) CRCs were ascertained in five Chicago hospitals. Clinical and exposure data were collected. Microsatellite instability and BRAF (V600E) and KRAS mutations were tested. Statistical significance of categorical variables was tested by Fisher's exact test or logistic regression and age by Mann-Whitney U test.
Results: Over a ten-year period, the median age at diagnosis significantly decreased for both AAs (68 to 61; P&lt;0.01) and NHWs (64.5 to 62; P=0.04); more AA patients were diagnosed before age 50 than NHWs (22% vs 15%; P=0.01). AAs had more proximal CRC than NHWs (49.5% vs. 33.7%; P&lt;0.01), but overall frequencies of microsatellite instability, BRAF and KRAS mutations were not different nor were they different by location in the colon. Proximal CRCs often presented with lymphocytic infiltrate (P&lt;0.01) and were diagnosed at older ages (P=0.02). Smoking, drinking, and obesity were less common in this group, but results were not statistically significant.
Conclusions: Patients with CRC have gotten progressively younger. The excess of CRC in AAs predominantly consists of more proximal, microsatellite stable tumors, commonly presenting lymphocytic infiltrate and less often associated with toxic exposures or a higher BMI. Younger AAs had more distal CRCs than older ones. These data suggest two different mechanisms driving younger age and proximal location of CRCs in AAs.
Citation Format: Rosa Xicola, The Chicago Colorectal Cancer Consortium, Sonia Kupfer, Carol Braunschweig, Nathan Ellis, Xavier Llor. Excess of proximal microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer in African Americans from a multiethnic study. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Seventh AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 9-12, 2014; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A75.
Abstract A84: Rural residence and late staging at breast cancer diagnosis
Authors: Lycan Thomas W. , Isom Scott , Lawrence Julia 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Rural residing residents in the United States are medically under-served which may contribute to the late stage presentation of breast cancer, a major determinant of prognosis in breast cancer. We sought to determine if women from more rural residing communities presented to an academic medical center with later stage cancers than those women who live in more urbanized areas. We also determined if the cancers from the two communities were biologically similar by comparing the distribution of estrogen receptors (ER + vs. ER-). From the cancer registry at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center we identified newly diagnosed female breast cancer cases between 1999-2013 (N = 3,372) who lived in the Piedmont and Appalachian Mountain regions of North Carolina and Virginia. These cases were characterized by urban-rural status at diagnosis to the level of ZIP code. Using both a linear model and a Cochran-Armitage trend test , women from rural areas presented with a more advanced clinical stage (stage 3 incidence 17.8% vs 15.6%, p 0.051). This trend remained roughly significant when we controlled for age at diagnosis (p 0.04), ER status (0.05), insurance status (0.06), and healthcare access (p 0.06). However, the difference became insignificant when we controlled for local poverty (p 0.12) and unemployment (p 0.13) levels within the individual ZIP-defined communities. Overall, we did not find large differences in the stage of presentation between urban and rural residing women. However, the trend that was found could be largely accounted for by measures of local poverty and unemployment, suggesting that communities may be identified for tailored educational or outreach efforts.
Citation Format: Thomas W. Lycan, Jr., Scott Isom, Julia Lawrence. Rural residence and late staging at breast cancer diagnosis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Seventh AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 9-12, 2014; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A84.
Abstract A90: Predictors of inpatient mortality, charges, and length of stay among the very old with colon cancer in the United States
Authors: Nuño Tomas , Skrepnek Grant 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess economic and clinical outcomes associated with inpatient colon cancer cases among persons 85 years and older in the U.S. from 2001-2010. We hypothesize that colon cancer is associated with higher inpatient charges and worse outcomes among those with infections compared to those without infections.
Methods: This retrospective cohort analysis utilized nationally-representative hospital discharge data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. Cases 85+ years of age with any diagnosis of colon cancer were included. Generalized linear models were used to assess outcomes of mortality, charges, and length of stay controlling for Elixhauser and predominant comorbidities, patient demographics, payer, year, and hospital characteristics.
Results: Of all adult colon cancer cases (n=1,846,363), 12.5% (n=230,133) occurred in persons 85+ years, averaging 88.7±3.2 years, 5.0±8.1 days for length of stay, and $55,485±67,938 in charges. Among the 9.5% (n=21,851) of inpatient mortality cases, predominant comorbidities included fluid and electrolyte disorders (60.7%), cardiac dysrhythmias (40.2%), heart failure (36.8%), distant metastases (33.5%), respiratory failure (31.8%), anemia (30.1%), surgical complications (28.8%), hypertension (28.3%), coronary atherosclerosis (25.7%), intestinal obstruction (25.6%), renal failure (25.3%), and sepsis (24.5%). Results of the multivariate binomial regression indicated that significantly increased odds of mortality (p&lt;0.05) were particularly associated with comorbidities of heart failure, fluid and electrolyte disorders, paralysis, renal failure, wasting syndrome, respiratory failure, cardiac dysrhythmias, intestinal obstruction, sepsis, and metastases to the bone, liver and other digestive organs. Increased charges and lengths of stay were also associated with several clinical conditions, including various pulmonary diseases, surgical complications, end organ failure, sepsis, metastases, and other comorbidities (p&lt;0.05).
Conclusions: Colon cancer has a large burden of illness among older persons. Continued research that seeks to risk stratify these cases based on comorbid conditions and complications should improve both clinical and economic outcomes in this vulnerable population.
Citation Format: Tomas Nuño, Grant Skrepnek. Predictors of inpatient mortality, charges, and length of stay among the very old with colon cancer in the United States. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Seventh AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 9-12, 2014; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A90.
Abstract A95: Overall endometrial cancer survival among non-Hispanic white and Hispanic women: A trend analysis of SEER reported cases 1992-2010
Authors: Rodriguez Ana M. , Do ThuyQuynh Ngoc 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Objective: To compare demographic and tumor characteristics, treatment, and overall and cancer-specific survival of non-Hispanic White and Hispanic women with endometrial cancer.
Background: Hispanics are one of the fastest growing minority groups in the U.S. Limited research has looked at age distribution, disease presentation, and outcome of endometrial cancer among ethnic minority women.
Methods: We used public use data from the SEER registry between 1992 and 2010. Inclusion criteria included non-Hispanic and Hispanic women who were diagnosed with endometrial cancer after 1992; not missing age, the first course of treatment, lymphadenectomy or lymph node status; and not diagnosed by autopsy or death certificate
Results: A total of 83,904 non-Hispanic and Hispanic patients were analyzed. Factors predictive of overall survival included being U.S.-born Hispanic, year of diagnosis, age at diagnosis, being single or other marital status, stage, histology-based risk, grade, extent of lymphadenectomy, and the first course of treatment. Factors predictive of cancer-specific survival included year of diagnosis, age at diagnosis, marital status, stage, other histology-based risk, grade, extent of lymphadenectomy, and the first course of treatment.
Conclusions: U.S.-born Hispanic women with endometrial cancer exhibited significantly poorer overall survival compared to non-Hispanic white women even after controlling for confounding variables. There was no difference in overall survival or cancer-specific survival between U.S.-born and foreign-born Hispanics compared to non-Hispanic Whites.
Citation Format: Ana M. Rodriguez, ThuyQuynh Ngoc Do. Overall endometrial cancer survival among non-Hispanic white and Hispanic women: A trend analysis of SEER reported cases 1992-2010. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Seventh AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 9-12, 2014; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A95.
Abstract A96: African Americans and colorectal cancer: Using multilevel analysis to understand the influence of neighborhood and individual level factors on screening behavior
Authors: Garza Mary A. , Assini Luciana C. , Villacis Gabriella , Ford Jean G. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Background: Early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) effectively prevents premature deaths. However, racial disparities in CRC persist due to underutilization of cancer screening, which is associated with late stage diagnosis and higher mortality rates among African Americans. It is well documented that “…individual behavior both influences and is influenced by the social and physical environment…” Interventions that incorporate the environmental context of the individual behavior are more associated with increasing CRC screening. Methods: Using a community-engaged approach we recruited 230 African American adults aged 50 to 74 years to complete a psychosocial survey. Participants were recruited from a variety of venues, including churches, barbershops, community centers and public housing complexes in the Washington, DC Metropolitan Area. The survey instrument included valid standardized scales designed to assess 1) knowledge of cancer, 2) risk perception, 3) neighborhood perceptions, 4) social support, 5) behavioral risk factors, 6) religiousness and 7) trust in research. Results: Participants were women (80%), married (39%) and low income (34%). Preliminary analysis demonstrated that participants who were midlife (&lt; 60 years of age), unmarried, unemployed and reported no medical home were less likely to be screened for CRC (p&lt;0.01). Additionally, subscale measures for neighborhood perceptions, “social cohesion” (p&lt;0.04) and CRC knowledge were also significantly associated with receiving a CRC screening (p&lt;0.001). Additional analyses (multilevel modeling) are underway, using census data. Conclusions: Understanding the combined effects of individual and neighborhood factors may contribute to the development of scientifically sound and culturally relevant interventions to increase CRC screening among African Americans.
Citation Format: Mary A. Garza, Luciana C. Assini, Gabriella Villacis, Jean G. Ford. African Americans and colorectal cancer: Using multilevel analysis to understand the influence of neighborhood and individual level factors on screening behavior. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Seventh AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 9-12, 2014; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A96.
Abstract B50: Elucidating the roles of Kaiso in the metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Bassey Blessing I. , Crawford-Brown Catherine , Hallet Robin , Daniel Juliet 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype represent a subset of breast tumours that lack expression of the estrogen-receptor, progesterone-receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2. Interestingly, TNBC is more prevalent in young women of African ancestry (WAA) than other ethnicities, and WAA have a high mortality despite a low BC incidence compared to Caucasian women. This high mortality rate is attributed to the highly aggressive and metastatic nature of triple-negative tumors and limited treatment options or targeted-therapies. The metastatic nature of TNBC suggests a deregulation of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) pathway that is often implicated in tumor progression. During EMT, cells downregulate the tumor suppressor and cell adhesion protein E-cadherin and re-express mesenchymal proteins such as N-cadherin and vimentin, which endow the cells with increased motility. During the course of our characterization of the unique transcription factor Kaiso that was implicated as a potential regulator of E-cadherin, we found that increased nuclear expression of Kaiso is significantly correlated with basal/TNBCs. However, little is known about the role of Kaiso in EMT or TNBC metastasis. Thus, the goal of our research is to elucidate the function of Kaiso in TNBC metastasis. To gain insight into Kaiso's role in TNBC metastasis we generated stable Kaiso-depleted TNBC cells (MDA-MB-231) using a Kaiso specific shRNA. Stable Kaiso-depleted cells were then analyzed for the gene expression profile of key EMT markers and for their migratory and invasive capacities in vitro using wound healing and Matrigel invasion assays. We found that Kaiso is highly expressed at both the transcript and protein level in breast tumor cells and tissues. Kaiso-depletion reduced the migratory and invasive capacities of TNBC cells, and induced the down-regulation of potent E-cadherin regulators including Slug and ZEB1 at both the transcript and protein levels. Interestingly, we observed that Kaiso-depletion also resulted in the downregulation of TGFβR1 and TGFβR2; key effectors of the TGFβ signaling pathway. Since TGFβ signaling is a potent inducer of EMT in late stage breast cancer via up-regulation of Snail and/or Slug and ZEB1/2, our results suggests that Kaiso may be promoting TNBC metastasis via the TGFβ signaling pathway. Kaiso's expression might thus be a useful biomarker for TNBC prognosis.
Citation Format: Blessing I. Bassey, Catherine Crawford-Brown, Robin Hallet, Juliet Daniel. Elucidating the roles of Kaiso in the metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Seventh AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 9-12, 2014; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24(10 Suppl):Abstract nr B50.
Abstract B54: SR-B1 directed nanoparticles in targeted therapy for the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Johnson Rebecca , Lacko Andras 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This study endeavors to fill a void in the treatment of metastatic triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) with the use of scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1) targeted reconstituted high-density lipoprotein (rHDL) nanoparticles. Though new therapies are being evaluated in clinical trials, TNBC remains an incurable disease. Accordingly, the 5-year survival rate for women with metastatic TNBC is less than 30%. The overall goal of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of Lapatinib (an EGFR inhibitor) and Valrubicin (a topoisomerase II inhibitor) encapsulated rHDL nanoparticles in the treatment of metastatic TNBC. Selective uptake of anticancer agents delivered by rHDL nanoparticles via the SR-B1 is being evaluated using H3 cholesterol ester labeled rHDL nanoparticles in the presence and absence of a chemical inhibitor of SR-B1. Anti-proliferative effects of Lapatinib and Valrubicin encapsulated nanoparticles were evaluated using CCK-8 kits. The findings from these studies revealed that the rHDL encapsulated forms of Lapatinib and Valrubicin had enhanced efficacy when used in combination than the free drugs. In particular, rHDL encapsulated Lapatinib had a 55% increase in efficacy in MDA-MB-231 cell line over the un-encapsulated form as a single agent. The ultimate goal of these studies is to assess the impact of rHDL encapsulated Lapatinib and Valrubicin, alone or in combination against TNBC. One of the major barriers to successful cancer chemotherapy is the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) by malignant tumors. rHDL nanoparticles provide a cytosolic drug delivery mechanism for malignant cells and will likely help to overcome drug resistance by TNBC tumors. In addition, the tumor selective delivery of the drug payload via the rHDL nanoparticles is anticipated to reduce or eliminate off target toxicity to normal tissues upon clinical application.
Citation Format: Rebecca Johnson, Andras Lacko. SR-B1 directed nanoparticles in targeted therapy for the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Seventh AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 9-12, 2014; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24(10 Suppl):Abstract nr B54.