bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introducing a sleep disorder screening and management strategy for workers with future shift work requirements: a feasibility and acceptability study
Authors: Brown Brandon W. J. , Adams Robert J. , Wanstall Sian , Crowther Meagan E. , Rawson Georgina , Vakulin Andrew , Rayner Tim , McEvoy R. Doug , Eastwood Peter , Reynolds Amy C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSleep disorders are common, and largely undiagnosed in early-career workers. The combination of sleep disorders and shift work has implications for mental health, workplace safety, and productivity. Early identification and management of sleep disorders is likely to be beneficial to workers, employers and the community more broadly. We assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a tailored sleep disorder screening and management pathway for individuals with future shift work requirements. Paramedic students were invited to complete an online sleep health survey, which included validated sleep disorder screening questionnaires for insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea and restless legs syndrome. Participants were able to express interest in participating in a sleep monitoring and management study. Participants at risk for a sleep disorder were identified, contacted by the study physician (RJA), notified of their sleep disorder screening results and provided with information regarding management options. Feasibility of the screening and management pathways were determined by completion of the 12 week follow-up, and ability to engage with health services for diagnostic testing or treatment. Acceptability of these pathways was assessed with a semi-structured interview on completion of the study at 12 weeks. Screening was completed in thirty participants (mean age 22.5 ± 6.7, 63% female), 17 of whom were ‘at-risk’ for a sleep disorder and offered a management pathway. All participants engaged with the study physician (RJA), with 16 completing the study (94% completion rate). Three participants with excessive daytime sleepiness received feedback from the study physician (RJA) and no further care required. Of the remaining 14 participants, 11 (78%) engaged with health services after speaking with the study physician (RJA). Those who engaged with diagnostic and management services reported that a structured pathway with online screening was convenient and easy to follow. Facilitating screening and management of sleep disorders in students with future shift work requirements is both feasible and acceptable. These findings can inform the development of a preventive strategy for sleep disorders and ideally, a health services feasibility trial for future shift workers.
The pro-differentiating capability of a flavonoid-rich extract of Citrus bergamia juice prompts autophagic death in THP-1 cells
Authors: Musumeci Laura , Russo Caterina , Schumacher Udo , Lombardo Giovanni Enrico , Maugeri Alessandro , Navarra Michele 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic neoplasm, characterized by a blockage of differentiation and an unconstrained proliferation of immature myeloid cells. Recently, the survival of leukemia patients has increased thanks to the use of differentiating agents, though these may cause serious side effects. Hence, the search for safer differentiating compounds is necessary. Our aim was to assess the pro-differentiating effects of a flavonoid-rich extract of bergamot juice (BJe) in human monocytic leukemia THP-1 cells, an in vitro AML model. For the first time, we showed that treatment with BJe induced differentiation of THP-1 cells, changes in cell morphology and increased expression of differentiation-associated surface antigens CD68, CD11b and CD14. Moreover, BJe enhanced protein levels of autophagy-associated markers, such as Beclin-1 and LC3, as well as induced the phosphorylation of the MAPKs JNK, ERK and p38, hence suggesting a potential mechanism underlying its antiproliferative effects. Indeed, parallel experiments highlighted that BJe was able to hamper THP-1 cell growth. In conclusion, our study suggests that BJe induces the differentiation of THP-1 cells and reduces their proliferation, highlighting its potential in differentiation therapy of AML.
Genotyping single point mutations in rd1 and rd8 mice using melting curve analysis of qPCR fragments
Authors: Schwämmle Melanie E. , Bucher Felicitas , Schlunck Günther , Martin Gottfried 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPCR is tolerant to single nucleotide mismatches. Therefore, genotyping of point mutations by PCR requires special conditions for the amplification of allele-specific PCR fragments. MS-PCR (mutagenically separated PCR) is an improved version of ARMS (amplification refractory mutation system) in which additional nucleotide mismatches near the mutation site are used to separate the wt fragments from the mutant fragments in a single-tube PCR. In the originally described procedure, the resulting fragments are resolved on agarose gels according to differences in size introduced by different lengths of the allele-specific primers. In order to evaluate the PCR fragments by melting curve analysis, we enlarged the difference in the melting temperatures of the fragments of the two alleles by increasing the GC content of the longer allele-specific primer resulting in a higher melting temperature of the corresponding fragment. Using the murine retinal degeneration mutations rd1 and rd8 as an example, we show that such primers result in an easy to handle genotyping procedure: qPCR followed by melting curve analysis. In summary, MS-PCR is a simple and easy-to-use method for detecting single nucleotide variants.
Long-range velocity correlations from active dopants
Authors: Abbaspour Leila , Mandal Rituparno , Sollich Peter , Klumpp Stefan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractActive matter systems display collective behaviors that are impossible in thermodynamic equilibrium. One such feature, observed in in dense active matter systems is the appearance of long-range velocity correlations without explicit aligning interaction. However, the conditions for the appearance of these correlations remain largely unexplored. Here we show that such long-range velocity correlations can also be generated in a dense athermal passive system by the inclusion of a very small fraction of active Brownian particles. We develop a continuum theory to explain the emergence of velocity correlations generated via such active dopants. We validate the predictions for the effects of magnitude and persistence time of the active force and the area fractions of active and passive particles using extensive Brownian dynamics simulation of a canonical active-passive mixture. Our work decouples the roles that density and activity play in generating long-range velocity correlations in such exotic non-equilibrium steady states.
The evolving genetic landscape of telomere biology disorder dyskeratosis congenita
Authors: Tummala Hemanth , Walne Amanda J , Badat Mohsin , Patel Manthan , Walne Abigail M , Alnajar Jenna , Chow Chi Ching , Albursan Ibtehal , Frost Jennifer M , Ballard David , Killick Sally , Szitányi Peter , Kelly Anne M , Raghavan Manoj , Powell Corrina , Raymakers Reinier , Todd Tony , Mantadakis Elpis , Polychronopoulou Sophia , Pontikos Nikolas , Liao Tianyi , Madapura Pradeep , Hossain Upal , Vulliamy Tom , Dokal Inderjeet 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDyskeratosis congenita (DC) is a rare inherited bone marrow failure syndrome, caused by genetic mutations that principally affect telomere biology. Approximately 35% of cases remain uncharacterised at the genetic level. To explore the genetic landscape, we conducted genetic studies on a large collection of clinically diagnosed cases of DC as well as cases exhibiting features resembling DC, referred to as ‘DC-like’ (DCL). This led us to identify several novel pathogenic variants within known genetic loci and in the novel X-linked gene, POLA1. In addition, we have also identified several novel variants in POT1 and ZCCHC8 in multiple cases from different families expanding the allelic series of DC and DCL phenotypes. Functional characterisation of novel POLA1 and POT1 variants, revealed pathogenic effects on protein-protein interactions with primase, CTC1-STN1-TEN1 (CST) and shelterin subunit complexes, that are critical for telomere maintenance. ZCCHC8 variants demonstrated ZCCHC8 deficiency and signs of pervasive transcription, triggering inflammation in patients’ blood. In conclusion, our studies expand the current genetic architecture and broaden our understanding of disease mechanisms underlying DC and DCL disorders.
Clo-miR-14: a medicinally valued spice-derived miRNA with therapeutic implications in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Sarkar Ashish , Saquib Mohd , Chakraborty Debolina , Mann Sonia , Malik Swati , Agnihotri Prachi , Joshi Lovely , Malhotra Rajesh , Biswas Sagarika 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Plant microRNAs (miRNA) are regularly consumed orally along with diet, gaining attention for their RNA-based drug potential because of their ability to regulate mammalian gene expression specifically at the post-transcriptional level. Medicinally valued plants are well known for their anti-inflammatory property; however, the contribution of their miRNA in managing inflammation has been less studied. We investigated miRNA from four medicinally valued regularly consumed spices, and validated one of the most potential miRNA ‘Clo-miR-14’ for its thermal stability, and absorption in the plasma samples of RA patient’s by RT-PCR. In vitro and in vivo studies were performed to investigate the effect of Clo-miR-14 in ameliorating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) like symptoms. Our results suggest that ‘Clo-miR-14,’ an exogenous miRNA present in Curcuma longa, absorbed through regular diet, has robust thermal stability at 100°C in humans. It significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF, IL-1β, IL-6) and RA-like symptoms, suggesting that plant-based miRNA could be a promising candidate as an RNA-based drug for RA pathogenesis.
Polarized APSK modulation system with polymorphic SC signals
Authors: Akuon Peter O. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper discusses a new symbol modulation scheme known as polarized amplitude and phase shift keying, (‐APSK) modulation with four rings in its basic form. The new scheme maps power‐polarized symbol pairs on its constellation in order to increase the number of data symbols. ‐APSK exploits a symbol mapper based on a conjugate power splitting algorithm. Product modulation is applied, where a voltage signal of a specified amplitude and phase is multiplied by another current signal of a specified amplitude and phase, thus forming polymorphic signals in the product constellation. At the receiver, an isolated detection is performed, where the voltage signal is detected independently of the received current signal. A selection combining scheme is then used. The results depict unity peak‐to‐average power ratio and low average symbol energy, which is desirable for Green communications in 5G networks. It presents lower bit error rates when compared with the state‐of‐the art ‐ary quadrature amplitude modulation, with a signal‐to‐noise ratio gap of at least . The proposed analytical framework closely matches the simulations for bit error rates under .
An improved two‐degree‐of‐freedom ADRC for asynchronous motor vector system
Authors: Wan Changhui , Duan Na , Xie Guochao , Liu Yuang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes an improved two‐degree‐of‐freedom active disturbance rejection controller for the coupling problem of asynchronous motor vector system. To simplify the analysis process and accommodate observers of different types, a unified expression based on different controllers for the system output is developed. The closed‐loop transfer function generated by the reference input and load disturbance is given. For the coupling problem of motor output speed and immunity, the structure of a higher‐order extended state observer is reconstructed. The extended state observer estimates both the output speed and the total system disturbance, which serve as feedback and feed‐forward compensation quantities. Compared to the PI controller and traditional active disturbance rejection controller, the proposed controller achieves decoupling of output response speed and immunity, simplifies the process of parameter tuning. Finally, simulation and experiment results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm in this paper.
Study of weeds and field plants of vegetable crops using the example of common potatoes
Authors: Mushinskiy Alexander , Saudabaeva Aliya , Panfilov Alexander , Pronko Nina , Vasilyeva Tatyana 
Published: August 2024

This paper presents the results of a study showing that in an area with moldboard tillage there are 16 species of weeds belonging to the following families: Roaceae B., Polygonaceae J, Chenopodiaceae V., Amaranthaceae J., etc. It has been established that with no-mouldboard tillage soils in the study area grow 33 plant species belonging to different families, such as Roaceae B., Polygonaceae J, Chenopodiaceaevent, Rubiaceae, etc. It was revealed that the dominant plant species in the study area were: Amaranthus Retroflexus L., A. blitoides S. Watson, Conyza canadensis (L.) Crong and other harmful cosmopolitan perennials, such as:
Convōlvulus arvēnsis, Euphorbia waldstéinii, Cīrsium setōsum.
Psychometrische Evaluation der deutschen Version des Questionnaire of
Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE)
Authors: Lübke Laura , Krogmann Diana , Spitzer Carsten 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungEmpathie als zentrales Element der sozialen Kognition spielt eine entscheidende
Rolle in verschiedenen psychosozialen Bereichen und zwischenmenschlichen
Dynamiken, insbesondere auch im Kontext von Psychotherapie. Trotz der
Kontroverse um eine einheitliche Definition wird Empathie im Allgemeinen als
multidimensionales Konzept betrachtet, das kognitive und affektive Dimensionen
umfasst. Diese Differenzierung von kognitiven als auch affektiven Facetten
adressiert ein weit verbreitetes und international etabliertes
Selbstbeurteilungsverfahren zur Messung von Empathie, der Questionnaire of
Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE). Die Evaluation der psychometrischen
Eigenschaften der deutschen Version des QCAE ist Gegenstand dieser Studie. Das
postulierte konfirmatorische Fünf-Faktoren-Modell zeigte in einer
Gelegenheitsstichprobe (N=1300) eine angemessene Passung an die zugrundeliegende
Struktur. Die Subskalen des QCAE zeigten eine zufriedenstellende interne
Konsistenz und konvergente Validität mit anderen Instrumenten zur Messung von
Empathie. Trotz einiger methodischer Einschränkungen legen die Ergebnisse nahe,
dass die deutsche Version des QCAE als reliables und valides Instrument zur
Erfassung von Empathie geeignet ist. Vor einer klaren Anwendungsempfehlung sind
weitere Untersuchungen in bevölkerungsrepräsentativen Stichproben und klinischen
Populationen erforderlich.
Advances in terminal management: simulation of vehicle traffic in container terminals
Authors: Carboni Angela , Deflorio Francesco , Caballini Claudia , Cangelosi Stefano 
Published: August 2024

AbstractControlling and managing traffic flows on internal roads in container terminals are crucial in achieving expected productivity levels and reducing negative externalities caused by congestion inside and outside the terminal areas. This paper proposes a simulation approach which terminal operators can use as a decision-support tool to assess the effects of their management strategies and improve terminal performance, resilience, and sustainability. A microscopic traffic simulation approach models key operations of a typical container terminal affecting road traffic flows. In particular, to estimate quantitative indicators, an import truck process is reproduced, considering the overlapping of the external truck and internal trailer flows. To measure environmental impacts, the model is extended with an instantaneous emissions model linked directly to the step-by-step traffic data. The proposed method is tested on a sector of the PSA Genova Pra’, the main Italian container gateway terminal. Performance indicators related to the terminal’s efficiency and sustainability are estimated, to compare alternative scenarios considering possible operational configurations and disturbance events, such as the closure of a part of the yard. By focusing on the interactions between vehicle flows and terminal equipment operations, this approach offers a new perspective on terminal operations, oriented both towards container terminal operators and stakeholders, such as road hauliers.
The leakage field characteristics of a large hybrid electromagnetic pulse simulator
Authors: Huang Qixiang , Li Junna , Wu Fangzheng , Li Shiji , Gong Yuhan , Zhou Xiaoyu , Shang Qin , Yang Tian 
Published: August 2024

The leakage field of a hybrid electromagnetic pulse simulator with horizontal polarization is simulated and experimentally investigated based on the finite integration technique in this paper. The field distribution characteristics and far-field radiation pattern of the simulator are given. The attenuation characteristics of the electric field at specific directions in the z = 2 m plane are also predicted by numerical data fitting. Finally, according to the ICNIRP guidelines, the safe distances that satisfy the occupational and public exposure limits are obtained, and the safety regions lower than the reference levels are given. Results show that the electric field in the α = 0° direction is mainly contributed by the main polarization component (Ey), while the total electric field in the α = 90° direction also requires consideration of the vertical component (Ez). The dominant radiation direction in the z = 2 m plane lies between α = 0° and 30°, which poses the highest demand for the safe distance around the simulator. In addition, impedance mismatch and ground reflection are the main factors affecting the waveforms of the radiated electric field.
Size-dependent growth dynamics of silver–gold core–shell nanoparticles monitored by in situ second harmonic generation and extinction spectroscopy
Authors: Babayode Daniel A. , Peterson Stena C. , Haber Louis H. 
Published: August 2024

The in situ growth dynamics of colloidal silver–gold core–shell (Ag@Au CS) nanoparticles (NPs) are studied using time-dependent second harmonic generation (SHG) and extinction spectroscopy. Four sequential additions of chloroauric acid, sodium citrate, and hydroquinone are added to a silver nanoparticle solution to form a gold shell around a 45 nm silver core under different reaction conditions, resulting in final sizes ranging from 80 to 125 nm in diameter. In the first addition, a bumpy, urchin-like surface morphology is produced, while the second, third, and fourth additions provide additional nanoparticle growth with the surface morphology becoming more smooth and uniform, as shown using transmission electron microscopy measurements. The in situ extinction spectra increase in intensity for each addition, where blue-shifting and spectral narrowing are observed as the Ag@Au CS NPs grow in size. The extinction spectra are compared to Mie theory simulations, showing general agreement at later stages of the reactions for smooth CS surfaces. The in situ SHG signal is dominated by surface-enhanced plasmonic hotspots at the early stages of the shell growth, followed by gradual decreases in signal as the surface becomes more smooth. Two-photon fluorescence is also monitored during the CS growth, showing complementary information for comparisons to the extinction and SHG results. The holistic study of the synthesis and characterization of Ag@Au CS nanoparticles using in situ SHG spectroscopy, extinction spectroscopy, and Mie theory simulations allows for a comprehensive analysis of the complex growth dynamics occurring at the nanoscale for developing optimized plasmonic nanomaterial properties.
Bouligand–Newton type methods for non-smooth ill-posed problems
Authors: Jin Qinian , Zhang Yun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We consider Newton-type methods for solving nonlinear ill-posed inverse problems in Hilbert spaces where the forward operators are not necessarily Gâteaux differentiable. Modifications are proposed with the non-existing Fréchet derivatives replaced by a family of bounded linear operators satisfying suitable properties. These bounded linear operators can be constructed by the Bouligand subderivatives which are defined as limits of Fréchet derivatives of the forward operator in differentiable points. The Bouligand subderivative mapping in general is not continuous unless the forward operator is Gâteaux differentiable which introduces challenges for convergence analysis of the corresponding Bouligand–Newton type methods. In this paper we will show that, under the discrepancy principle, these Bouligand–Newton type methods are iterative regularization methods of optimal order. Numerical results for an inverse problem arising from a non-smooth semi-linear elliptic equation are presented to test the performance of the methods.
Ultralong-range Rydberg molecules
Authors: Dunning F B , Kanungo S K , Yoshida S 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Ultralong-range Rydberg molecules (ULRMs) comprise a Rydberg atom in whose electron cloud are embedded one (or more) ground-state atoms that are weakly-bound through their scattering of the Rydberg electron. The existence of such novel molecular species was first predicted theoretically in 2000 but they were not observed in the laboratory until 2009. Since that time, interest in their chemical properties, physical characteristics, and applications has increased dramatically. We discuss here recent advances in the study of ULRMs. These have yielded a wealth of information regarding low-energy electron scattering in an energy regime difficult to access using alternate techniques, and have provided a valuable probe of non-local spatial correlations in quantum gases elucidating the effects of quantum statistics. Studies in dense environments, where the Rydberg electron cloud can enclose hundreds, or even thousands, of ground-state atoms, have revealed many-body effects such as the creation of Rydberg polarons. The production of overlapping clouds of different cold atoms has enabled the creation of heteronuclear ULRMs. Indeed, the wide variety of atomic and molecular species that can now be cooled promises, through the careful choice of atomic (or molecular) species, to enable the production of ULRMs with properties tailored to meet a variety of different needs and applications.
Rate-potential decoupling: a biophysical perspective of electrocatalysis
Authors: Agbo Peter 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this perspective, the chemical physics of biological electron transfer are considered in relation to artificial electrocatalyst development. Nature’s ability to access a wide range of chemical reactivities through a relatively narrow set of redox-active motifs, in part by decoupling electron transport rates from reaction driving forces, are suggested as a model for the future of electrocatalyst design and testing. Theoretical rationale and experimental precedents for this concept are put forth, outlining how emulating nature’s ability to arbitrarily tune tunneling currents with respect to donor/acceptor redox potentials – reaction driving forces – may enhance our control over electrocatalyst selectivity.