bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between insulin-like growth factor and complexity of glucose timeseries index in patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly: A cohort study
Authors: Zhou Lihua , Sun Quanya , Wang Yaxin , Zhou Jian , Zhao Xiaolong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Acromegaly have a high risk of abnormal glucose metabolism. The complexity of glucose time series index (CGI) derived from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data could be a novel marker to assess glucose homeostasis.
Objective
To compare the differences in glucose metabolic characteristics and CGI between acromegaly with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and healthy subjects.
Methods
Eight newly diagnosed patients with acromegaly (GH group) and eight age- and gender-matched healthy subjects (Control group) were included in this study. All participants underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and 72-hour CGM. A refined composite multiscale entropy analysis was performed on the CGM data to calculate the CGI and we compare the differences in glycemic profiles and CGI between the two groups.
Results
After OGTT, compared with the control group, patients in the GH group had higher 2h glucose (mmol/L) [GH vs control, 6.7 (6.1, 7.0) vs 5.2 (3.8, 6.3), P < 0.05], 3h glucose [5.1 (3.8, 6.5) vs 4.0 (3.4, 4.2), P < 0.05], mean glucose [6.3 (6.1, 6.5) vs 5.5 (5.1, 5.9), P < 0.05], 2h insulin (mU/L) [ 112.9 (46.8, 175.5) vs 34.1 (17.1, 55.6), P < 0.05], and 3h insulin [26.8 (17.1, 55.4) vs 10.4 (4.2, 17.8), P < 0.05]. CGI was lower in the GH group [2.77 (1.92, 3.15) vs 4.2 (3.3, 4.8), P = 0.008]. Spearman's correlation analysis showed insulin-like growth factor (IGF) (r=-0.897, P < 0.001) and mean glucose (r=-0.717, P < 0.05) were significantly negatively correlated with CGI. Multiple linear stepwise regression showed that IGF-1 (r=-0.652, P < 0.05) was independent factor associated with CGI in acromegaly.
Conclusion
IGF-1 was significantly associated with CGI, and CGI may serve as a novel marker to evaluate glucose homeostasis in acromegaly.
An extensive first-principles study of structural, electronic, optical, and mechanical properties of XBiF3 (where X = Na, Li) for optoelectronic applications
Authors: Ghani Muhammad Usman , Sagir Muhammad , Tahir Muhammad Bilal , Hussain Shoukat , Ullah sami 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

We conducted an investigation on materials composed of bismuth-based fluoro-perovskites XBiF3 (X = Na, Li), employing a density functional theory (DFT). This study included to examine the structural, electronic, mechanical, and optical properties of novel perovskites XBiF3 (X = Na, Li) materials. According to Born stability criteria NaBiF3 and LiBiF3 are in cubic phase and stable. The lattice parameters of NaBiF3 and LiBiF3 were found after geometry optimization 3.78 and 4.11 Å, respectively. Concern compound NaBiF3 and LiBiF3 having band gap energy 2.14eV and 1.71eV respectively. NaBiF3 shows direct band gap and LiBiF3 shows indirect band gap properties. Optical properties are described in the energy range of 0-40eV. NaBiF3 shows the high absorption as compared to the LiBiF3. Concern properties highlights that NaBiF3 exhibits favorable dielectric properties and potentially for optoelectronic applications. Moreover, their reflectance is notably low over the visible spectrum in both compounds, suggesting a high absorption and potential for efficient solar energy harvesting applications.
FEI-YOLO：A Lightweight Soybean Pod Type Detection Model
Authors: Li Yang , Teng Shirui , Chen Jiajun , Zhou Wan , Zhan Wei , Huang Lan , Wang Jun , Qiu Lijuan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Identifying and statistically analyzing soybean pod types are crucial for seed evaluation and yield estimation. Traditional visual assessment by breeding personnel is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to subjective bias, especially with large datasets. Automatic assessment methods usually struggle with the highly confusing pod types with two and three seeds, affecting the model’s identification accuracy. To address these issues, we propose the FEI-YOLO model, an improved YOLOv5s object detection model, to enhance the distinction between pod types and improve model efficiency. FasterNet and the original C3 module are integrated to reduce parameters and computational load, enhancing both detection accuracy and speed. To strengthen the feature extraction and representation for specific targets, the Efficient Multi-Scale Attention (EMA) module is incorporated into the C3 module of the backbone network, improving the identification of similar pod types. Inner-IoU is combined with CIoU as the loss function to further enhance detection accuracy and generalization. Experiments comparing FEI-YOLO with the baseline YOLOv5s show that FEI-YOLO achieves an mAP@0.5 of 98.6%, a 1.5% improvement. Meanwhile, the number of parameters is reduced by 13.2%, and FLOPs decreased by 10.8%, in demonstrating the model's effectiveness and efficiency, enabling rapid and accurate identification of soybean pod types from images.
Ce-Mn-binuclear LDH based-Cu complex as a potent nanocatalyst for green-synthesis of spiroacridineindoletriones: a comparative study
Authors: Javadi Samira , Habibi Davood 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The Ce-Mn binuclear LDH was prepared at four different molar ratios of Ce to Mn (1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4), modified with both 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane (CPTMS) andN-amino-phthalimide (NAP), complexed with Cu(II), and characterized by the FT-IR, ICP, XPS, XRD, BET, UV/Vis, EDX, SEM, SEM-mapping, TEM, and TGA-DTA techniques. The ICP, XPS, BET and UV-vis techniques showed that the 1:4 molar ratio of Ce to Mn is the best ratio, therefore it was used as a heterogeneous nanocatalyst for the green synthesis of fourteen spiro[acridine-indole]triones from the three-component condensation reaction of isatin, aniline, and 1,3-diketone in mild reaction conditions. The advantages of this method include the absence of harmful organic solvents, easy separation of the catalyst and products, and rapid achievement of excellent yields. Furthermore, the activity of the catalyst was maintained even after four consecutive runs without a significant loss of activity.
Identifying Risk Factors for Predicting Differences in Depression Changes Among College Students Using Machine Learning: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Hu Jinsheng , Qiang Qi , Chen Xianke , Guo Weihua , Wang Zhijun , Liu Zhihong , Yang Qingshuo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background Depression is a common mental disorder, and prior research has primarily focused on changes in depression among college students based on single psychological factors (such as personality traits or social support); there is currently a lack of research on predicting changes in depression based on multiple factors. We observed changes in symptoms of depression among college freshmen after enrollment and applied machine learning (ML) methods to longitudinally and comprehensively investigate personality traits, family factors, and social factors as determinants of changes in depression among college students. Methods We studied 5,534 college freshmen and measured personality traits, family factors, social factors, and other variables of college students twice. We used four ML algorithms—random forest (RF), support vector machines (SVM), logistic regression (LR), and k-nearest neighbors (KNN)—to predict changes in depression among college students. Results The ML algorithms demonstrated reasonable performance in the prediction task, with the non-linear kernel SVM performing the best (averaging 95% accuracy). Additionally, we found that neuroticism, positive coping, psychoticism, extraversion, and maternal autonomy were the most influential features in our study for classifier prediction. Conclusions Our results suggest that applying ML methods to study changes in depression among college students may be feasible, as personality traits appear to predict changes in depression among college students and may be suitable for screening for prevention interventions.
Surveillance of SARS-like CoV in bats from Yucatán, Mexico
Authors: Yeh-Gorocica Aaron , Ayora-Talavera Guadalupe , Rivero-Juarez Antonio , Suárez-Galaz Alejandro , Torres-Castro Marco 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

SARS-like coronaviruses (SL-CoV) have been identified in bats globally and are of significant public health interest due to their potential to cause new epidemics and pandemics. However, their presence in the Americas remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to conduct surveillance for SL-CoV in bats from the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico. Bat sampling was conducted between August 2022 and July 2023 in two municipalities (Tekax and Panabá) of Yucatán, Mexico. Rectal and oral swabs as well as whole blood samples were collected from each bat. RNA was extracted from all samples. SL-CoV RNA detection was performed using one-step RT-qPCR targeting the E gene of the viruses. One hundred forty-four bats from six species were included. All biological samples met the RNA concentration and viability criteria for analysis. Our study did not detect SL-CoV in bats from Yucatán, suggesting a low risk of SL-CoV emergence in southeastern Mexico. Continuous surveillance of SL-CoV in bat populations is recommended due to the dynamic of zoonotic disease risks and the potential for changes in virus circulation patterns.
Fears and Worries at Nighttime in Young Children: Development and Psychometric Validation of a New Parent-Report Measure (FAWN-YC)
Authors: Shiels Amy , Uhlmann Laura , Farrell Lara J. , Munro-Lee Erinn , Donovan Caroline L. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This paper outlines the development and psychometric evaluation of the Fears and Worries at Nighttime - Young Children (FAWN-YC) scale; a parent-rated measure for children aged 3–5 years. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA; N = 436) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; N = 383), resulted in a final 17 items that loaded onto 3 factors: Nighttime Fears (8 items, α = .92), Bedtime/Sleep Avoidance and Interference (5 items, α = .90), and Dark Fear (4 items, α = .88). Evidence of convergent validity was found through strong associations between the total score and subscales of the FAWN-YC with measures of child anxiety, fear, sleep, externalizing and conduct problems. Furthermore, there was support for divergent validity (through a very weak to no relationship with a measure of prosocial behaviours), and evidence for temporal stability was also established with 2-week test-retest reliability. Overall, the results provide strong preliminary evidence for the reliability and validity of the FAWN-YC total score and subscales.
New Insight in Pain Relief and Reparative Efficacy of rh-EGF on Rabbit Corneal Injury Running title：Rh-EGF: Pain Relief and Repair in Corneal Injury
Authors: Gao Min , Song Shaojie , Wu Guokai , Wang Xin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rh EGF) in corneal wound healing while also providing the effects of pain relief.
Methods
Twenty experimental rabbits were randomly divided into four groups, five rabbits each. All rabbits were exposed to a 5 kW AC for 5 minutes. Each rabbit was only irradiated on one side, and their natural blinking was observed during this process. After modeling, each group was separately subjected to treatments with physiological saline, oxybuprocaine hydrochloride, rh EGF, and a combination of medications.
Results
Compared to the control group, the experimental group receiving recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rh EGF) treatment exhibited a significant decrease in blink frequency and wiping frequency (P < 0.05), with notably superior effects compared to the group treated with oxibuprocaine hydrochloride. Furthermore, compared to the oxibuprocaine hydrochloride group, the experimental group receiving rh EGF treatment showed a significant reduction in conjunctival congestion and prolonged secretion duration (P < 0.05), along with a shorter corneal epithelial recovery time compared to the oxibuprocaine hydrochloride group (P < 0.05). Fluorescein sodium staining revealed a smaller stained area in the experimental group receiving rh EGF treatment. Additionally, inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were markedly decreased in the rh EGF treatment group, while the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 exhibited a significant increase.
Conclusions
We confirmed that rh EGF not only promotes corneal repair but also possesses certain analgesic effects, which providing new perspectives and strategies for future research in the field of corneal injury treatment and repair.
Uncooled ultra-broadband infrared photodetectors based on core/shell/shell colloidal quantum dots
Authors: Liu Yufeng , Yu Chengye , Zhu Jiaqi , Shan Yufeng , Xu Shaowen , Zhu He , Sun Dingyue , Hou Jingshan , Fang Yongzheng , Wu Huizhen , Dai Ning 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) have demonstrated unprecedented advantages in infrared (IR) photodetection due to their inexpensive chemical synthesis and solution processability. However, the lack of effective noise current suppression strategies severely hampers their highly sensitive IR sensing at room temperature, especially in the mid-wave infrared (MWIR) band. Here a dual type-II nano-heterostructure based on HgSe/PbSe/MAPbI3 core/shell/shell (CSS) CQDs is designed to achieve an uncooled highly-sensitive ultra-broadband detection spanning form 330 nm-5300 nm. The CSS configuration not only creates dual electronic potential wells that efficiently suppress electrical noise but also forms a high-speed transport channel for photo-generated carrier collection. Consequently, the device operated at room temperature exhibits a blackbody detectivity of 1.1 ´ 1010 cm∙Hz1/2/W and a MWIR peak detectivity of 2.6 ´ 1010 cm∙Hz1/2/W at 3300 nm, which perform the best among the uncooled CQD photodetectors, and even rank among the top of state-of-the-art commercial uncooled IR detectors. This work opens up a new avenue for noise depression in CQD photodetectors and facilitates the development of uncooled, highly-sensitive, ultra-broadband IR photodetection.
RS-LMF2 : Refined Sparse with Large Receptive field and Multi-Scale Feature Fusion for Remote Sensing Object Detection
Authors: Che Yanbo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Remote sensing images object detection as a research hots-pot in recent years, its detection effect and inference speed are attracting much attention. Small receptive field often lead to object classification errors because of the similarity features between different categories. In addition, the large size of remote sensing images leads to slow inference speed. To address above problems, this paper proposes a single-stage rotated object detector RS-LMF2. Firstly, ResNet-Dil module is used to increase the receiver field of the model, and then the Augment-FPN module is used to merge the feature information between the bottom layer and the top layer to obtain prior knowledge, so that the model can capture enough background information in the remote sensing objects to increase the detection effect of the model. In order to improve inference speed, this paper designs the refined sparse module, which not only reduces the number of initial settings of anchor, but also uses multiple convolutions to obtain the angle information of the objects, so that the horizontal box is gradually regressed into a rotated box to improve the inference speed. RS-LMF2 achieves excellent results in two datasets, i.e., DOTA (79.0% mAP, 22.3 FPS), and UCAS-AOD (90.8% mAP, 39.2 FPS) on an NVIDIA 3090 GPU.
The impact of digital platforms on the behavior of Moroccan voters
Authors: HAMDAOUI HAMZA EL , HAMDAOUI ABDELMJID EL , CHAKOR ABDELLATIF 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study explores the impact of digital platforms on voting behavior in Morocco, focusing on how these tools influence voters' choices. It mainly aims to resolve the following question: how do these tools impact Moroccan electoral behavior? By highlighting the effects of digital political campaigns, it reveals a significant influence on voting intentions and a contribution to political polarization. Digital platforms exacerbate divisions by amplifying exposure to divergent opinions and influencing political interactions. Additionally, voters express concerns about the manipulation of information, highlighting the importance of addressing these challenges in Morocco's modern electoral context.
5,7- Dimethoxycoumarin Enhances Insulin Release and Stimulates Extrapancreatic Secretion of Amylin.
Authors: Ofodire Emeka , Ghasi Samuel , Mbah Anthony , Ugwu Edith U. , Mbah Theophilus O. , Mbaoji Emmanuel C. , Onah Ifeoma C. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

ObjectiveOxidative stress decreases the ability of β-cells to secrete insulin through glucolipotoxicity of the pancreatic islets. Flavonoids modulate insulin and amylin secretion through mainly antioxidant activities. Coumarins isomers of flavonoids have direct effects on the cardiovascular system, not linked to antioxidant activities. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin (Citropten) fractions present in grapefruit peel on insulin and amylin secretions in normal male Wistar rats.MethodsMethanol extract of grapefruit peels was fractionated using vacuum assisted liquid chromatography with n-Hexane, Ethyl acetate and Methanol. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry analysis reported ethyl acetate fraction with highest concentration (85.66%) of 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin. Intraperitoneal Glucose Tolerance Test was performed on 5 sets of 5 rats receiving intraperitoneally: 1) negative control, 1ml of sterile water 2) positive control, 0.2mg/kg glimepiride, 3) ethyl acetate fraction containing 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin, 4) methanol fraction containing 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin 5a)1ml H2O2(0.6%, 6%) plus 20mg/kg 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin, and 5b)1000mg/kg Vitamin C plus 20mg/kg 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin.ResultsResults showed ethyl acetate fractions containing 10mg/kg and 20mg/kg 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin had comparable plasma glucose control with glimepiride, with indirect insulin secretion effect unlike direct acting glimepiride; the methanol fraction was less effective. Both ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of 5,7- dimethoxycoumarin induced extrapancreatic amylin synthesis and secretion.Conclusion5,7-dimethoxycoumarin will find special applications in the management of obesity, and diabetics with chronic complications. Since the overall plasma glucose regulation is achieved through amylin and insulin synergy, attention should be shifted from insulin-based to amylin-based therapy. There is need to focus on natural compounds that stimulate extrapancreatic amylin release.
Comparative Analysis of SAC Solder Alloys for Enhanced Reliability in Electronic Assemblies: A Finite Element Approach
Authors: Depiver Joshua , Mallik Sabuj , Amalu Emeka H 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In an era where environmental sustainability and electronic reliability are paramount, this study provides a critical quantitative analysis of lead-free Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC) solder joints, employing Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to scrutinise their thermomechanical fatigue and creep deformation characteristics. The investigation juxtaposes four SAC solder alloys (SAC305, SAC387, SAC396, and SAC405) against traditional lead-based Sn63Pb37 solder to elucidate their microstructural evolution and ensure long-term reliability. FEA simulations disclose that SAC387 alloy exhibits the highest yield stress at 58 MPa, whereas SAC405 shows remarkable resilience with the lowest stress accumulation, characterised by σ = 1.543T – 34.983. Isothermal ageing studies demonstrate SAC387’s accelerated creep response, indicating a higher susceptibility to failure. Conversely, SAC405's steadfast nature under isothermal ageing is marked by the least strain and deformation rates, enhancing its reliability. Strain distribution analyses further reveal that SAC405 alloys endure the lowest strain levels, contrasting with SAC387, which experiences substantial deformation and leads to strain energy density—a key longevity indicator. Thus, SAC405 and Sn63Pb37 record the lowest strain energy densities, highlighting their robustness. These findings provide a comprehensive assessment of SAC solder alloys, focusing on their stress, strain, energy density, and strain rates. The reliance on FEA for predictive analysis indicates the potential for pre-empting failure, offering a valuable framework for electronic manufacturers in selecting and optimising solder materials. This study illuminates the intricate dynamics of SAC solder joints under thermomechanical stress, serving as an indispensable resource for designing robust and sustainable electronics that align with the industry’s environmental responsibilities.
Sources and Applications of Tyrosinase in Life Sciences
Authors: Patil Madhuri , Bhatia Manish , Arvindekar Snehal , Patil Rutika , Pawar Vijaykumar 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Tyrosinase, often recognized as polyphenol oxidase, plays a pivotal
role as an enzyme in catalyzing the formation of melanin—a complex process involving the
oxidation of monophenols and o-diphenols.

Objective:
Tyrosinase functions as a monooxygenase, facilitating the o-hydroxylation of monophenols
to generate the corresponding catechols, as well as catalyzing the oxidation of monophenols
to form the corresponding o-quinones, exhibiting diphenolase or catecholase activity.
This versatile enzymatic capability is not limited to specific organisms but is found across various
sources, including bacteria, fungi, plants, and mammals.

Method:
Pertinent research articles, reviews, and patents on tyrosinase were gathered through a
comprehensive literature search. These materials were analyzed to gain insights into the diverse
applications of tyrosinase. The review was structured by categorizing these applications and
offering a thorough summary of the current state of knowledge in the field.

Result:
Based on the literature survey, tyrosinase exhibits promising potential across a spectrum
of biotechnological applications. These include but are not limited to: synthesizing L-DOPA,
creating innovative mixed melanins, manufacturing phenolic biosensors, deploying in food and
feed industries, facilitating protein cross-linking, eliminating phenols and dyes, and serving as a
biocatalyst. Moreover, immobilized tyrosinase demonstrates multiple utility avenues within the
pharmaceutical sector.

Conclusion:
The article offers a comprehensive exploration of tyrosinase, encompassing its
structural features, evolutionary origins, biochemical characteristics, and contemporary applications
in various fields.