bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term clinical outcomes and radiological findings and their correlation with each other after standard open discectomy for lumbar disc herniation
Authors: Son Il-Nam , Kim Young-Hoon , Ha Kee-Yong 
Published: November 2014

OBJECT
This retrospective study was designed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and radiological findings after open lumbar discectomy (OLD) in patients who were followed up for 10 years or longer.

METHODS
The authors classified 79 patients who had a mean age (± SD) of 53.6 ± 13.6 years (range 30–78 years) into 4 groups according to the length of their follow-up. Patients in Group 1 were followed up for 10–14 years, in Group 2 for 15–19 years, in Group 3 for 20–24 years, and in Group 4 for more than 25 years. In all of these patients, the clinical outcomes were assessed by using patients' self-reported scores on visual analog scales (VASs) measuring back and leg pain and by using scores from the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). In addition, 10 radiological parameters suggesting degenerative changes or instability at the operated segment were recorded at various time points and used to calculate a numeric radiological finding (NRF) score by rating a presence for each finding of spinal degeneration or instability as 1.

RESULTS
The authors observed that OLD decreased pain and disability scores in all groups. Numeric radiological findings were highest in Group 4, and a significant correlation was detected between NRFs and VAS scores of back pain (p = 0.039). In this cohort, the reoperation rate was 13.9% during a mean follow-up period of 15.3 years. Clinical outcomes tended to be most favorable in Group 1, representing patients who had OLD most recently, and they tended to deteriorate in the other 3 groups, indicating some worsening of outcomes over time. Degeneration of the spine at the operated level measured with radiographic methods tended to increase over time, but some stabilization was observed. Although spinal degeneration was stable, clinical outcomes deteriorated over time.

CONCLUSIONS
This cross-sectional assessment of a retrospective cohort indicates that outcomes after OLD deteriorate over time. Increased back pain indicated a worsening of clinical outcomes, and this worsening was correlated with radiological findings of degeneration at the operated segment.
Voyeurisme et exhibitionnisme dans les familles d'adolescents
Authors: Eiguer Alberto 
Published: November 2014

La crise familiale lors de l’adolescence de l’enfant suscite des manifestations perverses habituellement refoulées ou clivées-déniées. Parmi celles-ci, le voyeurisme et l’exhibitionnisme visent à contrôler autrui pour empêcher la dissolution du lien familial tout en trahissant les tendances incestueuses. Plus précisément, la prédation morale procurerait le cadre pour réaliser le vœu de « s’approprier les virtualités vitales d’autrui », l’adolescent ou l’adulte. Après avoir étudié le cas d’Arnolphe, personnage de L’École des femmes de Molière, l’auteur aborde la psychopathologie intersubjective : les narcissismes blessés, la crise du lien filial, la peur de la vérité et du savoir et les résistances à la subjectivation. Un cas de thérapie illustre ces idées.
La thérapie familiale psychanalytique (TFP) en institution
Authors: Mevel Françoise , Durmanova Helena , Robert Philippe , Tixier Élisabeth 
Published: November 2014

Les participants ont resitué leur pratique à partir de l’histoire des thérapies familiales psychanalytiques (TFP) et leur lien avec l’histoire de la psychiatrie. Ils ont ensuite élaboré leur travail en reliant les échos fantasmatiques entre famille et institution, en insistant sur l’emboîtement des cadres et sur la répercussion institutionnelle de leurs pratiques. Ils ont conclu sur la place de la transmission au travers de ces dispositifs.
Gestion des assurances de dommages ou gestion des risques ? Telle est la question pour les gestionnaires
Authors: Moreau Rémi 
Published: November 2014

Toutes les entreprises sont sujettes aux effets dévastateurs des risques liés à leurs opérations, dont certains sont assurables (les risques aléatoires) et certains ne le sont pas (les risques opérationnels). Traditionnellement, elles faisaient appel exclusivement aux assureurs pour obtenir les protections dont elles avaient besoin pour les sécuriser, et elles se mêlaient rarement de la gestion courante de leurs polices, si ce n’est qu’elles veillaient à leur renouvellement et avisaient l’assureur à la suite d’un sinistre. Les entreprises ont graduellement compris que les protections d’assurance de dommages obtenues ne comblaient pas tous leurs besoins. Ainsi, une nouvelle discipline est née au sein des entreprises : la gestion des risques. Cette gestion repose sur trois types d’interventions. D’abord, le gestionnaire procède à une analyse approfondie des menaces auxquelles l’entreprise fait face. Puis, il essaie d’évaluer et de traiter ces menaces, en termes de fréquence et de gravité. Enfin, il est en mesure de décider quels risques l’entreprise peut assumer elle-même, par une politique de rétention, sans mettre en danger sa solidité financière, et en confiant à des compagnies d’assurance les risques supérieurs à cette rétention 1 .
Pourquoi et comment innover par le design management ?
Authors: Gallen Céline , Pantin-Sohier Gaëlle 
Published: November 2014

La démarche du design management comporte des enjeux considérables pour les industries qui innovent. Dans le domaine agroalimentaire, secteur qui compte 20 % des plus grandes marques, la place accordée au design reste pourtant marginale et l’innovation est le plus souvent entre les mains des services Marketing et Recherche et Développement (R&D). Cet article montre que le design management constitue une voie prometteuse lorsque la pression à innover est forte malgré un marché saturé. Il fournit des pistes de réflexion aux fabricants pour intégrer le design au processus de production, à condition de bien définir la stratégie et d’adapter l’organisation et son contexte.
Apical Pneumocystis jiroveci as an AIDS defining illness: A case report illustrating a change in the paradigm
Authors: Pfeifer Kyle , Kalra Vivek , Adebowale Adeniran , Juthani-Mehta Manisha , Soo-Shin Myung 
Published: November 2014

Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia is a common acquired immune deficiency syndrome defining illness. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia is classically described as having symmetrical bilateral perihilar ground-glass opacities on chest radiographs. We present an "atypical" case of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia presenting as symmetric biapical cystic spaces with relative sparing of the remainder of the lungs in a 22 year-old male, previously undiagnosed with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Our case illustrates that formerly unusual presentations of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia are becoming more common as acquired immune deficiency syndrome defining illnesses as more patients are being imaged with further imaging such as high resolution computed tomography.
Daoism and Anarchism
Authors: Rapp John A. 
Published: November 2014

This volume in the Contemporary Anarchist Studies series focuses on anti-statist critiques in ancient and modern China and demonstrates that China does not have an unchallenged authoritarian political culture.
Treating anarchism as a critique of centralized state power, the work first examines radical Daoist thought from the 4th century BCE to the 9th century CE and compares Daoist philosophers and poets to Western anarchist and utopian thinkers. This is followed by a survey of anarchist themes in dissident thought in the People's Republic of China from 1949 to the present. A concluding chapter discusses how Daoist anarchism can be applied to any anarchist-inspired radical critique today.
This work not only challenges the usual ideas of the scope and nature of dissent in China, it also provides a unique comparison of ancient Chinese Daoist anarchism to Western anarchist. Featuring previously untranslated texts, such as the 9th century Buddhist anarchist tract, the Wunengzi, and essays from the PRC press, it will be an essential resource to anyone studying anarchism, Chinese political thought, political dissent, and political history.
Temporal evolution of litterfall and potential bio-element return in a successional forest sequence of the Espinal Ecoregion, Argentina
Authors: Mendoza Carlos A. , Gallardo Lancho Juan F. , Aceñolaza Pablo G. , Turrion Maria-Belen , Pando Valentin 
Published: November 2014

Aim of study: The aim of this work was to assess the litterfall contribution and the return of bioelements of a successional forest sequence from the Mesopotamian Espinal (Argentina) which was associated with livestock production.Area of study: Mesopotamian Espinal, Argentina.Material and methods: Litterfall samples were taken and a chemical characterization of their fractions was determined in three stages: a) in the initial successional stage (IF); b) in an intermediate secondary forest (SF); and c) in a mature forest (MF).Main results: The litterfall contribution of the three forests was 1140 ±98, 2947 ±154, and 2911 ±57 kg DM ha-1 yr-1; respectively. The IF showed a seasonal pattern of contribution with a peak occurring during summer (528 ±85 kg DM ha-1 yr-1), then decreasing during autumn, winter, and spring (241 ±30, 165 ±27, and 207 ±29 kg DM ha-1 season-1,respectively). The SF showed a rather constant seasonal pattern (about 750 kg DM season-1). The MF showed significant differences among seasons, the maximum and minimum contributions ranging between 846 ±29 and 598 ±33 kg DM ha-1 season-1 in summer and spring, respectively. The litterfall leaves/branch ratio decreased as ecological succession advanced, being lower as the forest gets more mature. As a consequence, this ratio can be used as an indicator of maturity in the sequence. The potential return of bio-elements of the successional forest sequence was proportional to the litterfall input, with a maximum amount of N in the Fabaceae species. Research highlights: The litterfall assessment and the leaves/branch ratio allowed the characterization of the successional stages in Xerophytic forest used for livestock production. Keywords: Semi-xerophytic trees; tree production pattern; plant organ contribution; leaf/branch ratio; return of bio-elements; tree nutrients.
Transferability of microsatellite markers located in candidate genes for wood properties between Eucalyptus species
Authors: Acuña Cintia V. , Villalba Pamela , Hopp H. Esteban , Marcucci Poltri Susana N. 
Published: November 2014

Aim of study: To analyze the feasibility of extrapolating conclusions on wood quality genetic control between different Eucalyptus species, particularly from species with better genomic information, to those less characterized. For this purpose, the first step is to analyze the conservation and cross-transferability of microsatellites markers (SSRs) located in candidate genes.Area of study: Eucalyptus species implanted in Argentina coming from different Australian origins.Materials and methods: Twelve validated and polymorphic SSRs in candidate genes (SSR-CGs) for wood quality in E. globulus were selected for cross species amplification in six species: E. grandis, E. saligna, E. dunnii, E. viminalis, E. camaldulensis and E. tereticornis.Main results: High cross-species transferability (92% to 100%) was found for the 12 polymorphic SSRs detected in E. globulus. These markers revealed allelic diversity in nine important candidate genes: cinnamoyl CoA reductase (CCR), cellulose synthase 3 (CesA3), the transcription factor LIM1, homocysteine S-methyltransferase (HMT), shikimate kinase (SK), xyloglucan endotransglycosylase 2 (XTH2), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and peroxidase (PER).Research highlights: The markers described are potentially suitable for comparative QTL mapping, molecular marker assisted breeding (MAB) and for population genetic studies across different species within the subgenus Symphyomyrtus.Keywords: validation; cross-transferability; SSR; functional markers; eucalypts; Symphyomyrtus.
Mixed stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst] can be more productive than monocultures. Evidence from over 100 years of observation of long-term experiments
Authors: Bielak Kamil , Dudzińska Małgorzata , Pretzsch Hans 
Published: November 2014

Aim of study: The objective of this study was to analyse the effect of species mixing of Scots pine and Norway spruce on the productivity at the stand and species level. We also analysed to what extent the mixing effects is modified by drought stress.Area of study: The study was conducted inN-E Poland and based on three experiments located in Maskulińskie, Strzałowo and Kwidzyn Forest Districts.Material and methods: We evaluated long-term mixed-species experiments in Scots pine and Norway spruce which are under continuous survey since more than 100 years. Stand productivity was analysed based on the periodic annual increment and total yield of stem volume. Growth and yield were compared between mixed and neighbouring pure stands. As a substitute for the missing Norway spruce monocultures, we used appropriate yield table data. In order to characterize the effect of water supply on the mixing effects, we correlated the Martonne index of aridity with the ratio of Scots pine growth in mixed versus pure stands.Main results: We found that the mixed stands exceed the weighted mean of the pure stands’ volume productivity on average by 41%. At the species level Scots pine benefits from the mixture by 34% and Norway spruce by 83%. Growth periods with harsh climate conditions reinforce overyielding, while periods with mild conditions reduce the benefit of mixing. The overyielding of mixed stands, especially when growing under unfavourable conditions, is explained by niche complementarity of both species and discussed in view of the stress-gradient-hypothesis.Research highlights: The revealed overyielding of mixed compared with neighbouring pure stands, particularly under harsh weather conditions, substantiates the preferences of Scots pine-Norway spruce mixtures regarding climate change. Keywords: drought resilience; mixed stand; pure stand; facilitation; competition; overyielding; underyielding.
Évaluation d’un programme de télécounseling pour joueurs problématiques
Authors: Giroux Isabelle , Fortin-Gagnon Émilie , Ladouceur Robert , Jacques Christian , Ferland Francine , Lévesque David , Sévigny Serge 
Published: November 2014

La participation excessive aux jeux de hasard et d’argent peut conduire à des conséquences importantes pour les joueurs. Le télécounseling représente une nouvelle modalité d’intervention auprès des joueurs problématiques et a fait l’objet d’un nombre limité d’évaluations scientifiques. La présente étude évaluea posterioriun programme de télécounseling auprès de joueurs problématiques. Le programme, à partir de données compilées provenant de 84 dossiers de joueurs, a fait l’objet d’analyses quant à (1) sa concordance avec le programme cognitivo-comportemental de Ladouceur et coll. (2000) duquel il s’inspire ; (2) l’intégrité de son administration ; (3) son effet sur la motivation au changement et (4) la satisfaction des joueurs. Les résultats révèlent que 47,3 % du contenu du programme de télécounseling s’inspire du programme de traitement cognitivo-comportemental pour les problèmes de jeu. L’intégrité de l’administration du programme révèle que 24,3 % des joueurs ayant complété le programme ont reçu l’ensemble des éléments jugés essentiels à l’atteinte des objectifs. Les résultats révèlent une augmentation statistiquement significative du sentiment que le problème de jeu est résolu ou sous contrôle, une absence d’effet statistiquement significatif sur l’envie de jouer et un taux élevé de satisfaction à l’égard du programme. À la lumière de ces résultats, le télécounseling auprès des joueurs problématiques semble constituer une méthode d’intervention satisfaisante. Les futurs programmes de télécounseling devraient, avant leur mise en place, s’inscrire dans une démarche évaluative et méthodologique rigoureuse afin de s’assurer de leur efficacité.
Benchmarking the seasonal cycle of CO2 fluxes simulated by terrestrial ecosystem models
Authors: Peng Shushi , Ciais Philippe , Chevallier Frédéric , Peylin Philippe , Cadule Patricia , Sitch Stephen , Piao Shilong , Ahlström Anders , Huntingford Chris , Levy Peter , Li Xiran , Liu Yongwen , Lomas Mark , Poulter Benjamin , Viovy Nicolas , Wang Tao , Wang Xuhui , Zaehle Sönke , Zeng Ning , Zhao Fang , Zhao Hongfang 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWe evaluated the seasonality of CO2 fluxes simulated by nine terrestrial ecosystem models of the TRENDY project against (1) the seasonal cycle of gross primary production (GPP) and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) measured at flux tower sites over different biomes, (2) gridded monthly Model Tree Ensembles‐estimated GPP (MTE‐GPP) and MTE‐NEE obtained by interpolating many flux tower measurements with a machine‐learning algorithm, (3) atmospheric CO2 mole fraction measurements at surface sites, and (4) CO2 total columns (XCO2) measurements from the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). For comparison with atmospheric CO2 measurements, the LMDZ4 transport model was run with time‐varying CO2 fluxes of each model as surface boundary conditions. Seven out of the nine models overestimate the seasonal amplitude of GPP and produce a too early start in spring at most flux sites. Despite their positive bias for GPP, the nine models underestimate NEE at most flux sites and in the Northern Hemisphere compared with MTE‐NEE. Comparison with surface atmospheric CO2 measurements confirms that most models underestimate the seasonal amplitude of NEE in the Northern Hemisphere (except CLM4C and SDGVM). Comparison with TCCON data also shows that the seasonal amplitude of XCO2 is underestimated by more than 10% for seven out of the nine models (except for CLM4C and SDGVM) and that the MTE‐NEE product is closer to the TCCON data using LMDZ4. From CO2 columns measured routinely at 10 TCCON sites, the constrained amplitude of NEE over the Northern Hemisphere is of 1.6 ± 0.4 gC m−2 d−1, which translates into a net CO2 uptake during the carbon uptake period in the Northern Hemisphere of 7.9 ± 2.0 PgC yr−1.
CO2 and CH4 isotope compositions and production pathways in a tropical peatland
Authors: Holmes M. Elizabeth , Chanton Jeffrey P. , Tfaily Malak M. , Ogram Andrew 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWhile it is widely recognized that peatlands are important in the global carbon cycle, there is limited information on belowground gas production in tropical peatlands. We measured pore water methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations and δ13C isotopic composition and CH4 and CO2 production rates in peat incubations from the Changuinola wetland in Panama. Our most striking finding was that CH4 was depleted in 13C (−94‰ in pore water and produced at −107‰ in incubated peat) relative to CH4 found in most temperate and northern wetlands, potentially impacting the accuracy of approaches that use carbon isotopes to constrain global mass balance estimates. Fractionation factors between CH4 and CO2 showed that hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis was the dominant CH4 production pathway, with up to 100% of the CH4 produced via this route. Far more CO2 than CH4 (7 to 100X) was measured in pore water, due in part to loss of CH4 through ebullition or oxidation and to the production of CO2 from pathways other than methanogenesis. We analyzed data on 58 wetlands from the literature to determine the dominant factors influencing the relative proportions of CH4 produced by hydrogenotrophic and acetoclastic methanogenesis and found that a combination of environmental parameters including pH, vegetation type, nutrient status, and latitude are correlated to the dominant methanogenic pathway. Methane production pathways in tropical peatlands do not correlate with these variables in the same way as their more northerly counterparts and thus may be differently affected by climate change.
Upwelling rebound, ephemeral secondary pycnoclines, and the creation of a near‐bottom wave guide over the Monterey Bay continental shelf
Authors: Cheriton Olivia M. , McPhee‐Shaw Erika E. , Storlazzi Curt D. , Rosenberger Kurt J. , Shaw William J. , Raanan Ben Y. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractSeveral sequential upwelling events were observed in fall 2012, using measurements from the outer half of the continental shelf in Monterey Bay, during which the infiltration of dense water onto the shelf created a secondary, near‐bottom pycnocline. This deep pycnocline existed in concert with the near‐surface pycnocline and enabled the propagation of near‐bottom, cold, semidiurnal internal tidal bores, as well as energetic, high‐frequency, nonlinear internal waves of elevation (IWOE). The IWOE occurred within 20 m of the bottom, had amplitudes of 8–24 m, periods of 6–45 min, and depth‐integrated energy fluxes up to 200 W m−1. Iribarren numbers (<0.03) indicate that these IWOE were nonbreaking in this region of the shelf. These observations further demonstrate how regional upwelling dynamics and the resulting bulk, cross‐margin hydrography is a first‐order control on the ability of internal waves, at tidal and higher frequencies, to propagate through continental shelf waters.
Fresh exposures of hydrous Fe‐bearing amorphous silicates on Mars
Authors: Weitz Catherine M. , Bishop Janice L. , Baker Leslie L. , Berman Daniel C. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWe have discovered relatively fresh exposures of a hydrated, amorphous material along the wall rock slopes in Coprates Chasma, Mars. Visible and near‐infrared reflectance spectra extracted from the deposits exhibit broad absorptions around 1.42, 1.94, and 2.25 µm that are most consistent with laboratory spectra of nanophase hydrated Fe‐rich allophane and Fe‐rich opal. The three absorptions, especially the 1.4 µm band, have the strongest hydration signatures yet detected on Mars by orbital data, suggesting high‐water content material that is relatively fresh and has not altered or lost water since its formation or exposure. Age dating from crater size‐frequency distributions of the Fe‐rich allophane/opal deposits yields ages of ~50–100 Myr, consistent with a young exposure time and minimal time for dehydration. Either the Fe‐rich allophane/opal represents an older material already contained within the wall rock that has been more recently exposed, or it represents a younger material formed during more recent aqueous activity.