bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Acute Effects of Hold–Relax Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation With Vibration Therapy on Glenohumeral Internal-Rotation Deficit
Authors: Tucker W. Steven , Slone Stephen W. 
Published: October 2015

Context:Clinicians use various stretching techniques to prevent the onset of and treat glenohumeral internal-rotation deficit (GIRD). It is unknown which stretching technique is the most effective.Objective:To investigate the acute effects of hold–relax proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) with and without vibration therapy on internal rotation in individuals with GIRD.Design:2-within (stretch × time) comparison with repeated measures.Setting:Controlled laboratory.Participants:11 male current and former overhead athletes (19.8 ± 1.4 y, 184.5 ± 4.5 cm, 91.8 ± 11.6 kg) who presented with GIRD.Interventions:At 3 separate sessions, participants performed 1 of 3 randomly assigned stretches: hold–relax PNF (PNF), hold–relax PNF in combination with a whole-body-vibration unit set at 30 Hz (PNF-V), and static stretch (SS). Pretest and posttest maximum passive glenohumeral internal-rotation measurements were taken with a digital protractor.Main Outcome Measures:The dependent variables were the mean glenohumeral internal-rotation measurements taken at the pretest and posttest. The influence of stretch (PNF, PNF-V, and SS) and time (pretest and posttest) on mean glenohumeral internal rotation was compared using a 3 × 2 factorial ANOVA with repeated measures on both variables (P ≤ .05).Results:There was a stretch-by-time interaction (F2,20 = 34.697, P < .001). Post hoc testing revealed that the PNF posttest (73.0° ± 10.4°) was greater than the PNF pretest (60.0° ± 11.8°), the PNF-V posttest (74.7° ± 10.0°) was greater than the PNF-V pretest (57.4° ± 10.4°), and the SS posttest (67.0° ± 10.7°) was greater than the SS pretest (60.1° ± 9.4°). When comparing the posttest values, the PNF-V posttest was greater than the SS posttest.Conclusions:All 3 stretches (PNF, PNF-V, and SS) resulted in acute increases in glenohumeral internal rotation in individuals presenting with GIRD. The PNF-V stretch resulted in the greatest increase and would be the most clinically beneficial for patients with GIRD.
The Diagnostic Accuracy of Screening Tools to Detect Eating Disorders in Female Athletes
Authors: Wagner Alyssa J. , Erickson Casey D. , Tierney Dayna K. , Houston Megan N. , Bacon Cailee E. Welch 
Published: October 2015

Clinical Scenario:Eating disorders in female athletes are a commonly underdiagnosed condition. Better screening tools for eating disorders in athletic females could help increase diagnosis and help athletes get the treatment they need.Focused Clinical Question:Should screening tools be used to detect eating disorders in female athletes?Summary of Key Findings:The literature was searched for studies that included information regarding the sensitivity and specificity of screening tools for eating disorders in female athletes. The search returned 5 possible articles related to the clinical question; 3 studies met the inclusion criteria (2 cross-sectional studies, 1 cohort study) and were included. All 3 studies reported sensitivity and specificity for the Athletic Milieu Direct Questionnaire version 2, the Brief Eating Disorder in Athletes Questionnaire version 2, and the Physiologic Screening Test to Detect Eating Disorders Among Female Athletes. All 3 studies found that the respective screening tool was able to accurately identify female athletes with eating disorders; however, the screening tools varied in sensitivity and specificity values.Clinical Bottom Line:There is strong evidence to support the use of screening tools to detect eating disorders in female athletes. Screening tools with higher sensitivity and specificity have demonstrated a successful outcome of determining athletes with eating disorders or at risk for developing an eating disorder.Strength of Recommendation:There is grade A evidence available to demonstrate that screening tools accurately detect female athletes at risk for eating disorders.
Stochastic modeling for dynamics of HIV-1 infection using cellular automata: A review
Authors: Precharattana Monamorn 
Published: October 2015

Recently, the description of immune response by discrete models has emerged to play an important role to study the problems in the area of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, leading to AIDS. As infection of target immune cells by HIV-1 mainly takes place in the lymphoid tissue, cellular automata (CA) models thus represent a significant step in understanding when the infected population is dispersed. Motivated by these, the studies of the dynamics of HIV-1 infection using CA in memory have been presented to recognize how CA have been developed for HIV-1 dynamics, which issues have been studied already and which issues still are objectives in future studies.
Myeloperoxidase-Related Chlorination Activity Is Positively Associated with Circulating Ceruloplasmin in Chronic Heart Failure Patients: Relationship with Neurohormonal, Inflammatory, and Nutritional Parameters
Authors: Cabassi Aderville , Binno Simone Maurizio , Tedeschi Stefano , Graiani Gallia , Galizia Cinzia , Bianconcini Michele , Coghi Pietro , Fellini Federica , Ruffini Livia , Govoni Paolo , Piepoli Massimo , Perlini Stefano , Regolisti Giuseppe , Fiaccadori Enrico 
Published: October 2015

Rationale. Heart failure (HF) is accompanied by the development of an imbalance between oxygen- and nitric oxide-derived free radical production leading to protein nitration. Both chlorinating and peroxidase cycle of Myeloperoxidase (MPO) contribute to oxidative and nitrosative stress and are involved in tyrosine nitration of protein. Ceruloplasmin (Cp) has antioxidant function through its ferroxidase I (FeOxI) activity and has recently been proposed as a physiological defense mechanism against MPO inappropriate actions.Objective. We investigated the relationship between plasma MPO-related chlorinating activity, Cp and FeOxI, and nitrosative stress, inflammatory, neurohormonal, and nutritional biomarkers in HF patients.Methods and Results. In chronic HF patients (n=81, 76±9 years, NYHA Class II (26); Class III (29); Class IV (26)) and age-matched controls (n=17, 75±11 years, CTR), plasma MPO chlorinating activity, Cp, FeOxI, nitrated protein, free Malondialdehyde, BNP, norepinephrine, hsCRP, albumin, and prealbumin were measured. Plasma MPO chlorinating activity, Cp, BNP, norepinephrine, and hsCRP were increased in HF versus CTR. FeOxI, albumin, and prealbumin were decreased in HF. MPO-related chlorinating activity was positively related to Cp (r= 0.363,P<0.001), nitrated protein, hsCRP, and BNP and inversely to albumin.Conclusions. Plasma MPO chlorinated activity is increased in elderly chronic HF patients and positively associated with Cp, inflammatory, neurohormonal, and nitrosative parameters suggesting a role in HF progression.
Apontamentos sobre o ensino de paisagismo nos cursos de arquitetura e urbanismo da região sul do Brasil
Authors: Rosaneli Alessandro Filla 
Published: October 2015

Este texto faz uma reflexão acerca do ensino de paisagismo nos cursos de arquitetura e urbanismo a partir da análise quantitativa de um conjunto de informações recolhidas sobre os cursos da Região Sul do Brasil. As variáveis selecionadas – quantidade e título das disciplinas, carga horária, período de oferta, ementa e bibliografia básica – representam a essência de qualquer disciplina e permitiram compreender o panorama de aprendizado na maioria dos cursos então autorizados. Ao expor aspectos comuns e especificidades encontradas na região em dois eixos de análise - conteúdos propostos e característica da oferta, este artigo promove indagações sobre os desafios do ensino de paisagismo no Brasil.
ArbVias: método de avaliação da arborização no sistema viário urbano
Authors: Vignola Júnior Roberto 
Published: October 2015

O presente trabalho tem como foco introduzir um processo de leitura e interpretação da distribuição da arborização no sistema viário público urbano. Para tanto foi criado um método, com a utilização de software Sistema de Informação Geográfica (GIS), denominado ArbVias, que possibilita medições de frequência de indivíduos (árvores) e a sua classificação por continuidade de cobertura de suas copas. Para a apresentação do experimento partiu-se do mapeamento e incorporação de atributos em banco de dados georreferenciados para o sistema viário público da cidade de São Paulo, utilizando como estudo de caso uma região administrativa da capital paulistana, finalizando resultados através de efeitos de interpretação por cores, segundo legenda própria, que permite rápida visualização da situação da arborização no sistema viário.
Exploring the Effectiveness of External Use of Bach Flower Remedies on Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Rivas-Suárez Saira R. , Águila-Vázquez Jaime , Suárez-Rodríguez Bárbara , Vázquez-León Lázaro , Casanova-Giral Margarita , Morales-Morales Roberto , Rodríguez-Martín Boris C. 
Published: October 2015

Background. A randomized, pilot, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of a cream based on Bach flower remedies (BFR) on symptoms and signs of carpal tunnel syndrome. Methods. Forty-three patients with mild to moderate carpal tunnel syndrome during their “waiting” time for surgical option were randomized into 3 parallel groups: Placebo (n = 14), blinded BFR (n = 16), and nonblinded BFR (n = 13). These groups were treated during 21 days with topical placebo or a cream based on BFR. Results. Significant improvements were observed on self-reported symptom severity and pain intensity favorable to BFR groups with large effect sizes (η2partial > 0.40). In addition, all signs observed during the clinical exam showed significant improvements among the groups as well as symptoms of pain, night pain, and tingling, also with large effect sizes (φ > 0.5). Finally, there were significant differences between the blinded and nonblinded BFR groups for signs and pain registered in clinical exam but not in self-reports. Conclusion. The proposed BFR cream could be an effective intervention in the management of mild and moderate carpal tunnel syndrome, reducing the severity symptoms and providing pain relief.
Case Report: Management of idiopathic chylothorax
Authors: Abouda Maher , Ferdaous Yangui , Triki Miriam , Charfi Mehdi , Charfi Mohamed Ridha 
Published: October 2015

Chylothorax is characterized by the presence of chyle in the pleural space and results from lesion or obstruction of the thoracic duct. We present two cases of non-traumatic, idiopathic chylothorax in two females that were treated differently. The first is a 42 year old female who presented with a symptomatic right chylothorax. Treatment by a low-fat diet supplemented with medium chain triglyceride and evacuation of the pleural fluid was sufficient. The second patient is a 25 year old female admitted for a bilateral chylothorax. Despite optimal medical therapy, chylothorax continued to persist. Finally thoracic duct ligation was performed, which resulted in resolution of the effusion. These two cases illustrate that the management of idiopathic chylothorax can be surgical or nonsurgical.
Characterization of the generalized Chebyshev-type polynomials of first kind
Authors: AlQudah Mohammad 
Published: October 2015

Orthogonal polynomials have very useful properties in the mathematical problems, so recent years have seen a great deal in the Â field of approximation theory using orthogonal polynomials. In this paper, we characterize a sequence of the generalized Chebyshev-type polynomials of the first kind Â \(\left\{\mathscr{T}_{n}^{(M,N)}(x)\right\}_{n\in\mathbb{N}\cup\{0\}},\) Â which are orthogonal with respect to the measure \(\frac{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}}{\pi}dx+M\delta_{-1}+N\delta_{1},\) where \(\delta_{x}\) is a singular Dirac measure and \(M,N\geq 0.\) Then we provide a closed form of the constructed polynomials in term of the Bernstein polynomials \(B_{k}^{n}(x).\)We conclude the paper with some results on the integration of the weighted generalized Chebyshev-type with the Bernstein polynomials.
Les cinq esprits de l’homme divin (Aspects de l’imamologie duodécimaine XIII)
Authors: Amir-Moezzi Mohammad-Ali 
Published: October 2015

Résumé:Le corpus ancien du Hadith imamite contient un certain nombre de traditions sur les « cinq esprits » de l’imam. A quelques variantes près, ceux-ci sont les suivants: l’esprit saint, l’esprit de la foi, l’esprit de la puissance, l’esprit du désir et l’esprit du mouvement. « L’esprit saint » est présent dans toutes les versions. Ces traditions, concernant les membres intellectifs de l’homme divin, ne semblent pas avoir des fondements proprement islamiques ou arabes. En revanche, des traditions religieuses et spirituelles antiques et tardo-antiques peuvent nous fournir de nombreux parallèles saisissants. Dans une première partie, la « préhistoire » de la notion est étudiée. De nombreuses exégèses gnostiques et manichéennes d’Isaïe 11, 2–3 sont examinées (en particulier le
Cultural education through the high school level English textbooks
Authors: Ookawa Kouki 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
It cannot be denied that intercultural understanding is crucial in the process of learning English at elementary school, junior high school, high school, and beyond. This paper analyzes the high school English textbooks approved by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in Japan from the perspective of intercultural understanding. First, it elucidates the types of articles, the countries materials deal with, and the purposes of the materials used in the books. Then it considers important elements of intercultural education. The result of the research shows that the materials contain various kinds of categories, and many concern English-speaking countries. Furthermore, an important fact is that many materials concerning Japan, aimed at understanding its own culture, are shown in the textbooks as well. Finally, the paper suggests future direction for the use of materials in the textbooks in order to facilitate intercultural understanding.
Design Method of Winch Driven by Contactless Magnetic Coupling under Deepwater
Authors: Zhang B. , Wanga Z. , Wang T. , Yu H.J. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Through the combination subject of scientific research, the design method of the winch driven by contactless magnetic coupling is researched for the core purpose of the turning shaft sealing in a deepwater environment. This method has six design phases, including domestic and foreign information query and retrieval, graphic analyses of relevant structures, innovative design of 2D assembly sketches, a theoretical computation of structure parameters, the 3D modeling and motion simulation and engineering drawing. This method is of generality, which can provide examples for the postgraduate students and engineering personnel in self-renovation design of scientific research.
Wendung nach Innen
Authors: Balz Viola , Klöppel Ulrike 
Published: October 2015

Vorspann
Kann das wirklich sein? Die psychiatrische Fürsorge war in den 1950er und 1960er Jahren in der DDR wesentlich fortschrittlicher als bisher angenommen. Reformorientierte Ärzte gewannen damals großen Einfluss auf die Gesundheitspolitik, sie scheuten sich auch nicht, den für eine sozialistische Gesellschaft heiklen Zusammenhang zwischen Arbeitsbelastung und psychischen Erkrankungen zu thematisieren. Der Erfolg währte allerdings nicht lange, wie Viola Balz und Ulrike Klöppel zeigen können. Die Reformer wurden durch parteitreue Psychiater verdrängt, die an Tabuthemen nicht mehr rührten und vor allem auf kostengünstige Behandlungsmethoden setzten, nicht zuletzt auf Psychopharmaka. Letztlich, so die These der beiden renommierten Autorinnen, verdrängte man das Thema Sozialpsychiatrie. Wenn es um die psychische Gesundheit ging, waren bei den Bürgern der DDR Selbstverantwortung und Mündigkeit gefragt.
Poder Discrecional de la Corte Constitucional en el Estado de Cosas Inconstitucional
Authors: Cortés Zambrano Sonia Patricia 
Published: October 2015

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>RESUMEN</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">El presente trabajo es una reflexión académica que pretende mostrar como en casos concretos, en virtud del poder discrecional de los jueces constitucionales, explicando la singularidad de los procesos de interpretación constitucional a partir de valores y principios en procura de la protección de los derechos fundamentales y debido a la Constitucionalización del derecho, pueden actuar válidamente fuera del rango de su competencia, amparados en lo que la Corte Constitucional ha llamado “ El Estado de cosas Inconstitucional”.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>PALABRAS CLAVES</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Constitucionalización del Derecho, estado de cosas inconstitucional, ausencia de Estado, interpretación constitucional, poder discrecional del juez constitucional</p>
Brown Adipose Tissue: A New Target for Antiobesity Therapy
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Wijaya Andi 
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Human fat consist of white and brown adipose tissue (WAT and BAT). Though most fat is energy-storing WAT, the thermogenic capacity of even small amounts of BAT makes it an attractive therapeutic target for inducing weight loss through energy expenditure.CONTENT: Over the past year, several independent research teams used a combination of positron-emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging, immunohistochemistry and gene and protein expression assays to prove conclusively that adult humans have functional BAT. BAT is important for thermogenesis and energy balance in small mammals and its induction in mice promotes energy expenditure, reduces adiposity and protects mice from diet-induced obesity. The thermogenic capacity of BAT is impressive. In humans, it has been estimated that as little as 50g of BAT could utilize up to 20% of basal caloric needs if maximally stimulated.SUMMARY: The obesity pandemic requires new and novel treatments. The past few years have witnessed multiple studies conclusively showing that adult humans have functional BAT, a tissue that has a tremendous capacity for obesity-reducing thermogenesis. Novel therapies targeting BAT thermogenesis may be available in the near future as therapeutic options for obesity and diabetes. Thermogenic ingredients may be considered as functional agents that could help in preventing a positive energy balance and obesity.KEYWORDS: brown adipose tissue, thermogenesis, energy expenditure, antiobesity therapy
Circadian Clock and The Cardiometabolic Risk
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Wijaya Andi 
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological data reveal parallel trends of decreasing sleep duration and increases in metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes and hypertension. There is growing evidence that these trends are mechanistically related.CONTENT: The circadian system orchestrates the temporal organization of many aspects of physiology, including metabolism, in synchrony with the 24 hours rotation of the Earth. The circadian system is a complex feedback network that involves interactions between the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Circadian regulation is intimately linked to metabolic homeostasis and that dysregulation of circadian rhythms can contribute to disease. Conversely, metabolic signals also feed back into the circadian system, modulating circadian gene expression and behavior.SUMMARY: Both inter- and intraorgan desynchrony may be involved in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic disease attributable to effects in brain and multiple metabolic tissues including heart, liver, fat, muscle, pancreas and gut. Efforts to dissect the molecular mediators that coordinate circadian, metabolic, and cardiovascular systems may ultimately lead to both improved therapeutics and preventive interventions.KEYWORDS: circadian rhythms, clock genes, nuclear receptor, sleep, obesity, cardiometabolic risk
The Role of Angiopoietin-like Protein 3 and Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 to Lipolysis, Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Indonesian Non-Diabetic Obese Male
Authors: Lina Yani , Lawrence Gatot Susilo , Wijaya Andi , As'ad Suryani 
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Obesity is commonly associated with a systemic low grade inflammation and insulin resistance state. Although it is still being debated, increased lipolysis is known as one of the risk factors for inflammation and insulin resistance. Two factors already known to affect lipolysis are Angptl3, known as prolipolytic factor, and FGF21, known as antilipolytic factor. The aim of this study was to observe the role of Angptl3 and FGF21 to lipolysis, inflammation and insulin resistance in non diabetic obese male.METHODS: This was an observational study with cross sectional design. One hundred and thirty male subjects aged 30-60 years with non diabetic abdominal obesity characterized by waist circumference 97.32±5.63 cm and fasting blood glucose 90.19±8.78 mg/dL.RESULTS: The results of this study showed a correlation between Angptl3-FFA (r=0.203; p=0.021; R square=0.041; p=0.021), Angptl3-FABP4 (r=0.330; p=0.000; R square=0.109; p=0.000) and Angptl3-TNFα (r=0.288; p=0.001; R square=0.049; p=0.011). There was a correlation between FGF21-FABP4 (r=0.218, p=0.013; R square=0.047, p=0.013) and FGF21 HOMA-IR (r=0.308, p=0.000; R square=0.046, p=0.014).CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that Angptl3 may affect lipolysis and inflammation while FGF21 may affect lipolysis and insulin resistance. The increased FGF21 concentration might occur as a compensation (negative feedback mechanism) to reduce lipolysis and increase insulin sensitivity in non diabetic obese males. Further studies might be needed to observe Angptl3 and FGF21 profile in more severe obese population in Indonesia.KEYWORDS: obesity, lipolysis, inflammation, insulin resistance
The Relationship of Proinflammatory and Antiinflammatory Adipokines in the Development of Metabolic Syndrome in Centrally Obese Men
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Wijaya Andi , As'ad Suryani 
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: The increased prevalence of obesity worldwide is correlated with increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Studies of adipose tissue have been improved from an inert energy storage to a metabolic active endocrine organ. Adipokines secreted by this tissue play a role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis. The large mass of visceral fat tissue causing the imbalance of these adipokines leading to metabolic abnormality known as the metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study was performed to understand relationship of proinflammatory adipokines (resistin, TNF-α, RBP4 and visfatin) and anti-inflammatory adipokines (adiponectin and vaspin) in the development of MetS.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study using 122 central obesity men with waist circumference >90 cm, age from 30–60 years old. Proinflammatory adipokines (resistin, TNF-α, RBP4 and visfatin) and anti-inflammatory adipokines (adiponectin and vaspin) was measured by ELISA method.RESULTS: The crosstab study showed that subjects who have >2 high proinflammatory adipokines (17.3%) has higher MetS prevalence (OR = 1.16; p = 0.72) compare to subjects with <2 high proinflammatory adipokines (14.8%), subjects with low anti-inflammatory adipokines profile (18.9%) has higher prevalence of MetS (OR=1.38; p=0.22) compare to subjects with high anti-inflammatory adipokines (13.7%) and the prevalence of MetS became 1.49 times higher (p=0.24) when we combine the high RBP4 and low adiponectin profile (21.1%) compare to subjects with low RBP4 and high adiponectin (14%).CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that each adipokine was not strong enough to induce MetS, so the interaction between proinflammatory and antiinflammatory adipokines were needed to induce a systemic metabolic abnormality. Thus, the adipokines equilibrium was important to prevent MetS especially in centrally obese subjects.KEYWORDS: obesity, metabolic syndrome, adipokines, resistin, TNF-α, RBP4, visfatin, adiponectin, vaspin