bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of an Additional Load on Time and Force Changes in the Ground Reaction Force During the Countermovement Vertical Jump
Authors: Vaverka Frantisek , Jakubsova Zlatava , Jandacka Daniel , Zahradnik David , Farana Roman , Uchytil Jaroslav , Supej Matej , Vodicar Janez 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine how an additional load influences the force-vs-time relationship of the countermovement vertical jump (CMVJ). The participants that took part in the experiment were 18 male university students who played sport recreationally, including regular games of volleyball. They were asked to perform a CMVJ without involving the arms under four conditions: without and with additional loads of 10%, 20%, and 30% of their body weight (BW). The vertical component of the ground reaction force (GRF) was measured by a force plate. The GRF was used to calculate the durations of the preparatory, braking, and acceleration phases, the total duration of the jump, force impulses during the braking and acceleration phases, average forces during the braking and acceleration phases, and the maximum force of impact at landing. Results were evaluated using repeated-measures ANOVA. Increasing the additional load prolonged both the braking and acceleration phases of the jump, with statistically significant changes in the duration of the acceleration phase found for an additional load of 20% BW. The magnitude of the force systematically and significantly increased with the additional load. The force impulse during the acceleration phase did not differ significantly between jumps performed with loads of 20% and 30% BW. The results suggest that the optimal additional load for developing explosive strength in vertical jumping ranges from 20% to 30% of BW, with this value varying between individual subjects.
Ball Possession Effectiveness in Men’s Elite Floorball According to Quality of Opposition and Game Period
Authors: Gómez Miguel-Ángel , Prieto Miguel , Pérez Javier , Sampaio Jaime 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify the importance of floorball tactical variables to predict ball possession effectiveness, when controlling quality of opposition and game periods. The sample was composed by 1500 ball possessions, corresponding to 14 games randomly selected from the International Championships played during 2008 and 2010 (World Championship, Four nations tournament and classificatory phases for World Championship) by teams from different competition levels (HIGH, INTERMEDIATE and LOW). The effects of the predictor variables on successful ball possessions according to the three game contexts (HIGH vs. HIGH; HIGH vs. LOW; LOW vs. LOW games) were analyzed using Binomial Logistic Regressions. The results showed no interaction with the game period. In HIGH vs. HIGH games, quality of opposition showed an association with ball possession effectiveness with ending zone, offensive system, possession duration, height of shooting and defensive pressures previous to the shot. In HIGH vs. LOW games the important factors were the starting zone, possession duration, defensive pressure previous to the last pass and to the shot, technique of shooting and the number players involved in each ball possession. Finally, in LOW vs. LOW games, the results emphasized the importance of starting and ending zones, the number of passes used and the technique of shooting. In conclusion, elite floorball performance is mainly affected by quality of opposition showing different game patterns in each context that should be considered by coaches when preparing practices and competitions.
Theory of space-time dissipative elasticity and scale effects
Authors: Lurie S.A. , Belov P.A. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn this article a model of irreversible dynamic thermoelasticity of an ideal continuua is constructed from an elasticity theory of asymmetrical, transversely isotropic in time direction, dissipative defectless 4D-continuum. In the model the fourth component of the 4D-displacement vector is locally irregular time R. The kinematic model comprises 3D-tensor of distortion, 3Dvector of velocity, 3D-gradient vector of local irregular time and entropy in unified tensor object which is an asymmetrical 4D-tensor of distortion of second rank. Consequently, the force model comprises 3D-tensor of stress, 3D-vector of impulses, 3D-vector of heat flow and temperature in unified tensor object which is an asymmetrical 4D-stress tensor of second rank. Hooke’s law equations have been formulated which connect components of asymmetrical 4D-tensors of stress and distortion. Physical interpretations have been given to the tensors’ components of thermomechanical properties of formulated continuum. Therefore, the article formulate an irreversible dynamic thermoelasticity covariant model of ideal (defectless) continua in which basic kinematic and force variables are components of unified tensor objects and theory is represented by 4D-vector equation. Sedov’s equation has been derived and resulted into Euler’s equations, space projections of which determine motion equations, and time projection determines heat conductivity equation as well as the whole spectrum of the space-time boundary value problems. The proposed theory allows one to describe the scale effects in the thermal processes and opens prospects for studying the scale effects of the coupled dynamic thermoelasticity and its nanoscience applications. A temperature-scale refinement can also broaden the range of applicability of the law of heat conduction in solids to allow for design of small-sized components, devices and nano-systems.
Method of determining the degree of liquid aeration in a variable capacity displacement pump
Authors: Paszota Zygmunt 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The Author concludes, that there is a possibility of determining a concrete value of the liquid aeration coefficient ε during the pump operation by finding such value of ε with which the increase ΔMPm|ΔpPi = pn, qPgv of torque of mechanical losses is proportional to the indicated torque MPi|ΔpPi = pn, qPgv determined with a fixed value ΔpPi = cte of increase of pressure in the pump working chambers. The fixed value ΔpPi assumed in searching the liquid aeration coefficient ε equals to the nominal pump operation pressure pn (ΔpPi = cte = pn ). The increase ΔMPm|ΔpPi = pn, qPgv of torque of mechanical losses with a fixed value of ΔpPi (ΔpPi = cte) is proportional to the pump geometrical working capacity qPgv , therefore: only with taking into account the aeration coefficient ε of liquid displaced by the pump the relation ΔMPm|ΔpPi = pn, qPgv ~ qPgv can be obtained from tests. The method, proposed by the Author, of determining the working liquid aeration coefficient ε, is presented in this paper and has been practically applied for the first time by Jan Koralewski in his investigations of the influence of viscosity and compressibility of aerated hydraulic oil on volumetric and mechanical losses in a pump of HYDROMATIK A7V.58.1.R.P.F.00 type [8, 9].
Energy efficiency of a hydrostatic drive with proportional control compared with volumetric control
Authors: Skorek Grzegorz 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
There are uninvestigated areas connected with behaviour of elements in hydraulic systems with different structures. Unawareness of proportions of the energy, volumetric, pressure and mechanical losses in elements is often the case. Problems connected with energy efficiency are essential for improvement of functionality and quality of hydrostatic drive systems, characterised by unquestioned advantages but also by relatively low efficiency in comparison with other types of drive. Energy efficiency of hydrostatic transmissions, particularly those with throttling control of the motor speed, and also efficiency of the hydraulic servo-mechanism systems may be in fact higher than the values most often quoted in publications on the subject. Possibility of calculating the real value of the hydraulic system overall efficiency as a function of many parameters influencing it, becomes a tool of complete evaluation of the designed system quality. The paper compares efficiencies of systems with cylinder proportional control and efficiency of the system volumetric control by a variable capacity pump. Presented are also two schematic diagrams of the investigated hydrostatic systems, their principle of operation and problems of studying losses in elements and energy efficiency of systems consisting of a feed assembly, control set and cylinder.
Posicast control of a class of fractional-order processes
Authors: Gonzalez Emmanuel , Hung John , Dorcak Lubomir , Terpak Jan , Petras Ivo 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe number of studies on the control of fractional-order processes—processes having dynamics described by differential equations of arbitrary order—has been increasing in the past two decades and it is now ubiquitous. Various methods have emerged and have been proven to effectively control such processes—usually resulting in fractional-order controllers similar to their conventional integer-order counterparts, which include, but are not limited to fractional PID and fractional lead-lag controllers. However, such methods require a lot of computational effort and fractional-order controllers could be challenging when it comes to their synthesis and implementation. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective delay-based controller with the use of the Posicast control methodology in controlling the overshoot of a fractional-order process of the class $$\mathcal{P}:\left\{ {P\left( s \right) = {1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 {\left( {as^\alpha + b} \right)}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\left( {as^\alpha + b} \right)}}} \right\}$$ having orders 1 < α < 2. Such controllers have proven to be easy to implement because they only require delays and summers. In this paper, the Posicast control methodology introduced in the past few years is modified to minimize the overshoot of the processes step response to a level that is acceptable in control engineering and automation practices. Furthermore, proof of the existence of overshoot for such class of processes, as well as the determination of the peak-time of the open-loop response of a fractional-order process of the class P is presented. Validation through numerical simulations for a class of fractional-order processes are presented in this paper.
Parameters Influencing the Response of a Base-Isolated Building
Authors: Ounis Hadj Mohamed , Ounis Abdelhafid 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
In order to illustrate the effect of damping on the response of a base-isolated building, a large investigation was undertaken. It consists of a parametric study, which takes into account the progressive variation of the damping ratio (10% to 30%) under different seismic excitations. Using a time history analysis of displacements and accelerations at various levels of the building, the results show that the efficiency of the isolator increases with the assumed damping ratio, provided that the latter is less than or equal to 20%. Beyond this value, the isolator becomes less useful.
Proline enhances antioxidative enzyme activity, photosynthesis and yield of Cicer arietinum L. exposed to cadmium stress
Authors: Hayat Shamsul , Hayat Qaiser , Alyemeni Mohammed Nasser , Ahmad Aqil 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Seeds of chickpea inoculated with Rhizobium were sown in pots supplemented with different doses of cadmium (0, 25, 50 or 100 mg per kg of soil). At the stage of 30 days after sowing (DAS), the plants were sprayed with 20 mM solution of proline and were sampled at 90 DAS to assess the various parameters. The foliar treatment of proline resulted in the alleviation of the adverse effects generated by metal exposure, which was expressed in terms of the increase in plant growth. The activity of carbonic anhydrase in the cadmium-fed plants sprayed with proline was higher than that of control. The proline applied as foliar spray increased the photosynthetic attributes and yield characteristics in the cadmium-stressed plants. The activity of antioxidative enzymes increased with increasing concentration of cadmium. Maximum values were recorded in the plants exposed to 100 mg cadmium per kg of soil.
Les assassinats ciblés ou comment détruire un processus politique
Authors: Chagnollaud Jean-Paul 
Published: October 2013

Depuis les années 1970, Israël a eu recours à des assassinats ciblés de responsables palestiniens. Pendant la seconde Intifada, cette pratique a été utilisée de manière systématique; quelques centaines de personnes ont ainsi été tuées au nom de la lutte contre le terrorisme. Le discours officiel les a toujours présentés comme un moyen efficace de protéger les vies des Israéliens en éliminant de manière préventive les terroristes. En réalité, si cette justification peut se discuter, l’objectif de ces assassinats ciblés sur une large échelle participait de la politique de répression tous azimuts, entreprise par Ariel Sharon qui voulait, selon ses propres termes, effacer Oslo et continuer la guerre de 1948.
Un demi-siècle de militantisme pro-palestinien en France : évolution, bilan et perspectives
Authors: Hecker Marc 
Published: October 2013

Le soutien à la cause palestinienne a émergé en France dans les années 1960 et s’est structuré autour de quatre tendances : les réseaux arabes, les « cathos de gauche », une partie des gaullistes et l’extrême-gauche. Depuis lors, la mouvance pro-palestinienne a beaucoup évolué et attire notamment de nombreux musulmans. Des questions comme l’attitude à adopter vis-à-vis du Hamas ne manquent pas de susciter des tensions.
Asymptomatic HLA-A*02:01–Restricted Epitopes from Herpes Simplex Virus Glycoprotein B Preferentially Recall Polyfunctional CD8+ T Cells from Seropositive Asymptomatic Individuals and Protect HLA Transgenic Mice against Ocular Herpes
Authors: Dervillez Xavier , Qureshi Huma , Chentoufi Aziz A. , Khan Arif A. , Kritzer Elizabeth , Yu David C. , Diaz Oscar R. , Gottimukkala Chetan , Kalantari Mina , Villacres Maria C. , Scarfone Vanessa M. , McKinney Denise M. , Sidney John , Sette Alessandro , Nesburn Anthony B. , Wechsler Steven L. , BenMohamed Lbachir 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Evidence from C57BL/6 mice suggests that CD8+ T cells, specific to the immunodominant HSV-1 glycoprotein B (gB) H-2b–restricted epitope (gB498–505), protect against ocular herpes infection and disease. However, the possible role of CD8+ T cells, specific to HLA-restricted gB epitopes, in protective immunity seen in HSV-1–seropositive asymptomatic (ASYMP) healthy individuals (who have never had clinical herpes) remains to be determined. In this study, we used multiple prediction algorithms to identify 10 potential HLA-A*02:01–restricted CD8+ T cell epitopes from the HSV-1 gB amino acid sequence. Six of these epitopes exhibited high-affinity binding to HLA-A*02:01 molecules. In 10 sequentially studied HLA-A*02:01–positive, HSV-1–seropositive ASYMP individuals, the most frequent, robust, and polyfunctional CD8+ T cell responses, as assessed by a combination of tetramer, IFN-γ-ELISPOT, CFSE proliferation, CD107a/b cytotoxic degranulation, and multiplex cytokine assays, were directed mainly against epitopes gB342–350 and gB561–569. In contrast, in 10 HLA-A*02:01–positive, HSV-1–seropositive symptomatic (SYMP) individuals (with a history of numerous episodes of recurrent clinical herpes disease) frequent, but less robust, CD8+ T cell responses were directed mainly against nonoverlapping epitopes (gB183–191 and gB441–449). ASYMP individuals had a significantly higher proportion of HSV-gB–specific CD8+ T cells expressing CD107a/b degranulation marker and producing effector cytokines IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α than did SYMP individuals. Moreover, immunization of a novel herpes-susceptible HLA-A*02:01 transgenic mouse model with ASYMP epitopes, but not with SYMP epitopes, induced strong CD8+ T cell–dependent protective immunity against ocular herpes infection and disease. These findings should guide the development of a safe and effective T cell–based herpes vaccine.
Contemporary Approach in Successful Endodontic Intervention in ‘Radix Entomolaris’
Authors: Kokate Sharad R , Pawar Ajinkya M , Hegde Vibha R 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT
The main objective of successful endodontic therapy is thorough mechanical shaping and chemical cleaning of the entire root canal system followed by three-dimensional obturation. Variation of the root canal morphology especially in multirooted teeth is a constant challenge for diagnosis and successful endodontic therapy. Mandibular molars can have an additional root located lingually (the radix entomolaris) or buccally (the radix paramolaris). An awareness and understanding of presence of additional root and unusual root canal morphology is essential as it determines the successful outcome of endodontic treatment. The present article focuses on the identification, access cavity modification and contemporary management of the distolingual root of mandibular 1st molars.

How to cite this article
Pawar AM, Kokate SR, Hegde VR. Contemporary Approach in Successful Endodontic Intervention in ‘Radix Entomolaris’. World J Dent 2013;4(3):208-213.
Unilateral Corneal Ectasia after Bilateral LASIK: The Thick Flap Counts
Authors: Valbon Bruno Freitas , Glicéria Juliana , Santos Rodrigo , Alves Milton Ruiz 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTPurposeTo report a case of post-LASIK corneal ectasia due to a thick flap, while the contralateral eye did not develop ectasia after an incomplete deep flap cut, followed by a thinner flap LASIK procedure.MethodsCase reportResultsThis 45 years old female patient had bilateral myopic LASIK in 1999. Preoperative anterior curvature map was regular with no signs of keratoconus. Central keratometry was 42.88 × 44.70 @ 163 in OD and 43.43 × 45.24 @ 175 in OS. Ultrasound central corneal thickness was 586 μm and 619 μm in the right eye and left eye, respectively. Corneal OCT identified a deep meniscus-shaped LASIK flap, with a central thickness of a 392 μm in the right eye, and an incomplete deep peripheral cut in the left eye with a thinner meniscus-shaped LASIK flap.ConclusionUnilateral ectasia after LASIK may occur due to a thick flap which leads to biomechanical failure of the cornea.How to cite this articleValbon BF, Ambrosio R Jr, Glicéria J, Santos R, Luz A, Alves MR. Unilateral Corneal Ectasia after Bilateral LASIK: The Thick Flap Counts. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2013;2(2):79-83.
Concise Review: Ex Vivo Expansion of Cord Blood-Derived Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells: Basic Principles, Experimental Approaches, and Impact in Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Flores-Guzmán Patricia , Fernández-Sánchez Verónica , Mayani Hector 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) play key roles in the production of mature blood cells and in the biology and clinical outcomes of hematopoietic transplants. The numbers of these cells, however, are extremely low, particularly in umbilical cord blood (UCB); thus, ex vivo expansion of human UCB-derived HSCs and HPCs has become a priority in the biomedical field. Expansion of progenitor cells can be achieved by culturing such cells in the presence of different combinations of recombinant stimulatory cytokines; in contrast, expansion of actual HSCs has proved to be more difficult because, in addition to needing recombinant cytokines, HSCs seem to deeply depend on the presence of stromal cells and/or elements that promote the activation of particular self-renewal signaling pathways. Hence, there is still controversy regarding the optimal culture conditions that should be used to achieve this. To date, UCB transplants using ex vivo-expanded cells have already been performed for the treatment of different hematological disorders, and although results are still far from being optimal, the advances are encouraging. Recent studies suggest that HSCs may also give rise to nonhematopoietic cells, such as neural, cardiac, mesenchymal, and muscle cells. Such plasticity and the possibility of producing nonhematopoietic cells at the clinical scale could bring new alternatives for the treatment of neural, metabolic, orthopedic, cardiac, and neoplastic disorders. Once standardized, ex vivo expansion of human HSCs/HPCs will surely have a positive impact in regenerative medicine.
Dietary Laws in Medieval Christian-Jewish Polemics: A Survey
Authors: Resnick Irven 
Published: October 2013

In the religious debate between Jews and Christians, the biblical dietary laws come to illustrate important assumptions concerning the “other.” Early medieval Christians asserted that Christians were not bound by the dietary laws and tended to explicate them allegorically or figuratively. Although the biblical dietary laws prohibit many foods to Jews, as pork became a more important part of the medieval diet, the prohibition against swine’s flesh became central to the debate. Christians will assert not only that the consumption of pork proclaims a correct messianic theology, but also that the Lord, like a good physician, ordained a special diet for the Jews because they—and not Christians—have a corrupt bodily nature that is subject to deleterious influences from pork that incline Jews to gluttony and wantonness. Therefore, when a Jew converted to Christianity, the consumption of pork became a sign of his transfer from one religious community to another, as well as a sign of a physical, intellectual, and moral transformation.
Elementary School Teachers' Desired Model for the Inclusion of Students with Disabilities
Authors: Gavish Bella , Shimoni Sarah 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The study sought to determine which kind of models are suitable for the inclusion of students with disabilities in school and classroom settings, based on the views of general education teachers. Israeli general education teachers were asked to create a constraints free, 'Best case scenario' model, for the implementation of inclusion. Participants had difficulties visualizing a 'constraints free' scenario, thus most of them preferred to suggest some particular ideas for improving the actual situation. The teachers' responses enabled us to build a single composite model that contains within it seven dimensions: the awareness dimension, the moral dimension, the knowledge dimension, the organizational dimension, the ecological-logistical dimension, the social dimension, and the pedagogic-didactic dimension. These seven dimensions surround a “core” that is concerned with: cultivating a new school climate and language in which inclusion is an integral component of the school's overall character − under the leadership of the school principal. The model's uniqueness lies in its apparent richness, its net-like structure, its holism and − particularly − in its “emergence from the field”.
Parents as Teachers of Children with Autism in the Peoples' Republic of China
Authors: Puckett Kathleen S. , McCoy Kathleen M. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn the People's Republic of China, many children with autism are excluded from government supported schools and parents are expected to deliver educational services. Parent training centers offer short term solutions by providing information regarding autism and instructional methods to parents of children with autism. In order to further refine teaching services, one training center encouraged parents to indicate which topics in a curriculum were important to them. Participants were 55 parents of children with autism ages 3–8, who completed a questionnaire in which they identified referral services received, needs and concerns for further training, and attitudes towards collaboration. Results indicated that parents' most important needs were centered on developing their children's communication skills and a desire to collaborate with teachers, and that they received very few initial referral services. Findings are discussed in the context of human and social capital for parents of children with autism in the People's Republic of China.