bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BreakBRD Galaxies: Evolutionary Clues through an Analysis of Gas Content
Authors: Stark David V. , Tuttle Sarah , Tonnesen Stephanie , Tu Zachary , Fillingham Sean P. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
By combining newly obtained deep Green Bank Telescope 21 cm observations with optical spectroscopic data, we present an analysis of the gas content of break bulges in red disks (breakBRD) galaxies, a population denoted by their blue star-forming centers and red quenched disks that do not appear to follow the typical inside-out evolution of spiral galaxies. We confirm previous results that the neutral atomic hydrogen (H i) gas fractions of breakBRDs are, on average, lower than those of typical galaxies on the star-forming sequence (SFS), and find that their H i fractions are generally higher than green valley (GV) galaxies. H i depletion times for breakBRDs are roughly an order of magnitude lower than those of SFS galaxies, in stark contrast with GV galaxies that typically have much longer depletion times than SFS galaxies. The nuclear gas-phase metallicities of breakBRDs have a broader distribution than SFS galaxies and are skewed toward slightly above-average values. BreakBRDs are systematically offset from the baryonic Tully–Fisher relation toward lower baryonic mass at a given rotation velocity. They also have higher typical H i asymmetries than SFS galaxies, and of those galaxies with spatially resolved gas velocity fields from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory survey, two-thirds are either highly distorted or completely misaligned relative to the stellar disk. Evidence supports a scenario where breakBRDs are in an early phase of quenching, and there is mixed evidence that their behavior is related to past merger activity.
TOI-1685 b Is a Hot Rocky Super-Earth: Updates to the Stellar and Planet Parameters of a Popular JWST Cycle 2 Target
Authors: Burt Jennifer A. , Hooton Matthew J. , Mamajek Eric E. , Barragán Oscar , Millholland Sarah C. , Fairnington Tyler R. , Fisher Chloe , Halverson Samuel P. , Huang Chelsea X. , Brady Madison , Seifahrt Andreas , Gaidos Eric , Luque Rafael , Kasper David , Bean Jacob L. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We present an updated characterization of the TOI-1685 planetary system, which consists of a P
b = 0.69 day ultra-short-period super-Earth planet orbiting a nearby (d = 37.6 pc) M2.5V star (TIC 28900646, 2MASS J04342248+4302148). This planet was previously featured in two contemporaneous discovery papers, but the best-fit planet mass, radius, and bulk density values were discrepant, allowing it to be interpreted either as a hot, bare rock or a 50% H2O/50% MgSiO3 water world. TOI-1685 b will be observed in three independent JWST Cycle 2 programs, two of which assume the planet is a water world, while the third assumes that it is a hot rocky planet. Here we include a refined stellar classification with a focus on addressing the host star’s metallicity, an updated planet radius measurement that includes two sectors of TESS data and multicolor photometry from a variety of ground-based facilities, and a more accurate dynamical mass measurement from a combined CARMENES, InfraRed Doppler, and MAROON-X radial velocity data set. We find that the star is very metal-rich ([Fe/H] ≃ +0.3) and that the planet is systematically smaller, lower mass, and higher density than initially reported, with new best-fit parameters of R

pl
= 1.468

−
0.051

+
0.050

R
⊕ and M

pl
=

3.03

−
0.32

+
0.33

M
⊕. These results fall in between the previously derived values and suggest that TOI-1685 b is a hot rocky planet with an Earth-like density (ρ

pl
= 5.3 ± 0.8 g cm−3, or 0.96 ρ
⊕), high equilibrium temperature (T
eq = 1062 ± 27 K), and negligible volatiles, rather than a water world.
Did Binary Neutron Star Merger GW170817 Leave Behind a Long-lived Neutron Star?
Authors: DuPont Marcus , MacFadyen Andrew 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We consider the observational implications of the binary neutron star merger GW170817, which may have left behind a rapidly rotating massive neutron star that launches a relativistic, equatorial outflow as well as a jet. We show that if the equatorial outflow (ring) is highly beamed in the equatorial plane, its luminosity can be “hidden” from view until late times, even if carrying a significant fraction of the spin-down energy of the merger remnant. This hidden ring reveals itself as a rebrightening in the light curve once it slows down enough for the Earth to be within the ring’s relativistic beaming solid angle. We compute semianalytic light curves using this model and find they are in agreement with the observations thus far, and we provide predictions for the ensuing afterglow.
Création et transfert de la connaissance : quel rôle pour les réseaux sociaux numériques d’entreprise ?
Authors: de La Rochefoucauld Marin , Chader Adnane 
Published: August 2024

La transformation digitale représente un enjeu essentiel pour les entreprises. En effet, ce bouleversement numérique s’accompagne très souvent d’une transformation qui touche à la fois l’organisation et les méthodes de travail. L’usage croissant et la démocratisation des nouvelles technologies numériques au sein des entreprises modifient les rapports au savoir ainsi que les nouveaux canaux de diffusion et de création de la connaissance. En l’occurrence, parmi les différents outils numériques, nous avons choisi, à travers cette recherche, d’interroger le rôle des réseaux sociaux numériques d’entreprise (RSN) dans la gestion de la connaissance au sein de l’entreprise. L’objectif de notre article est donc d’étudier comment les réseaux sociaux numériques d’entreprise modifient les conditions de la gestion de la connaissance au sein des entreprises ? Pour cela, nous avons mené une étude qualitative à travers 32 entretiens semi-directifs individuels, des entretiens collectifs, 12 h d’observation non participante en ligne ainsi qu’une analyse documentaire. Nos principaux résultats mettent en lumière la capacité du RSN à co-construire la connaissance avec les collaborateurs. Le RSN apparaît ainsi comme un objet de diffusion, de valorisation et de management de la connaissance.
LASIK Versus PRK Based on Increased Risk of Corneal Haze: Assessing Current Decision-Making Capabilities of Six Artificial Intelligence Models in Refractive Surgery
Authors: Moshirfar Majid , Moin Kayvon A. , Omidvarnia Soroush , Moulton Spencer D. , Willey Preston B. , Stoakes Isabella M. , Hoopes Phillip C. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose:
To investigate the current decision-making capabilities of 6 different artificial intelligence (AI) models by assessing their refractive surgery recommendations (laser in-situ keratomileusis [LASIK] or photorefractive keratectomy [PRK]) for a theoretical patient with a history of keloid formation.

Methods:
Claude-2 (Anthropic, 2023), GPT-4 (OpenAI, 2023), GPT-3.5 (OpenAI, 2022), Gemini 1.0 (Google DeepMind, 2023), Microsoft Copilot (Microsoft AI, 2023), and Google-PaLM (Google AI, 2022) underwent three systematic queries to determine the most appropriate surgical plan (LASIK or PRK) for a theoretical patient with an increasing manifest refraction of −3.50, −5.00, and −7.00 diopters (D) in both eyes, an uncomplicated ocular examination, and history of keloid formation. They were then tasked with providing published scientific references to support their responses. The AI models' recommendations were compared to those of a group of 6 experienced ophthalmologists, serving as a benchmark.

Results:
The group of ophthalmologists unanimously recommended LASIK (6/6 ophthalmologists), in contrast to the unanimous initial recommendation for PRK from the AI models (6/6 models). Of the 42 references provided by the AI models, 55% were fictitious and 45% were authentic. Only 1 of the 6 models altered its initial recommendation to LASIK when presented with the same patient with a history of keloid formation but with increasing severity of myopia (−3.50 to 5.00 to 7.00 D).

Discussion:
It is evident that current AI models lack the critical-thinking abilities required to accurately analyze and assess apparent risk factors in clinical scenarios, such as the risk of corneal haze after PRK at higher levels of myopia, particularly in cases with a history of keloid formation.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2024;40(8):e533–e538.]
C1q/MASP Complexes—Hybrid Complexes of Classical and Lectin Pathway Proteins Are Found in the Circulation
Authors: Rosbjerg Anne , Plchová Tereza Alica , Bayarri-Olmos Rafael , Holm Bettina Eide , Pedersen Ida Sandau , Skjoedt Mikkel-Ole , Garred Peter 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Complement pathways, traditionally regarded as separate entities in vitro, are increasingly noted for cross-communication and bypass mechanisms. Among these, the MBL/ficolin/CL-associated serine protease (MASP)-3, a component of lectin pathway pattern recognition molecules, has shown the ability to process critical substrates such as pro-factor D and insulin growth factor binding protein-5. Given shared features between lectin pathway pattern recognition molecules and C1q from the classical pathway, we hypothesized that C1q might be a viable in vivo binding partner for the MASPs. We used microscale thermophoresis, ELISA, and immunoprecipitation assays to detect C1q/MASP complexes and functionally assessed the complexes through enzymatic cleavage assays. C1q/MASP-3 complexes were detected in human serum and correlated well with MASP-3 serum levels in healthy individuals. The binding affinity between MASP-3 and C1q in vitro was in the nanomolar range, and the interaction was calcium-dependent, as demonstrated by their dissociation in the presence of EDTA. Furthermore, most of the circulating C1q-bound MASP-3 was activated. Based on immunoprecipitation, also C1q/MASP-2 complexes appeared to be present in serum. Finally, C1q/MASP-2 and C1q/MASP-3 in vitro complexes were able to cleave C4 and pro-factor D, respectively. Our study reveals the existence of C1q/MASP complexes in the circulation of healthy individuals, and both C1q/MASP-2 and C1q/MASP-3 complexes display proteolytic activity. Hence, this study uncovers a crosstalk route between complement pathways not previously described.
Effectiveness of planned health education on knowledge regarding HIV-TB co-infection among HIV patients
Authors: Banubi  , Lakshmi G. Vijaya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:
In various parts of the world, mainly in developing nations, co-infection with HIV and tuberculosis (TB) is a significant public health concern. Commonly HIV-TB co-infection is related to a lack of knowledge on TB among people surviving with HIV. Hence, the particular research study is done to know the effectiveness of planned health education on HIV-TB co-infection among HIV patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
“Nonrandomized controlled trail design” (before and after trial) was used for the study. Written permission was granted from hospital authorities and written consent was obtained from HIV patients after explaining the study and its objectives. Data were collected from 80 HIV-positive patients using a purposive sampling technique. These patients were interviewed for their knowledge of HIV-TB co-infection, followed by health teaching was delivered. After 8 days of health education, a posttest was carried out using the same tool.

RESULTS:
It was showed that pretest mean knowledge scores were 4.18 with a 1.97 standard deviation (SD), whereas posttest mean knowledge scores were 7.58 with a 2.12 SD. The obtained paired t-value was 10.31, which at the 0.05 level was statistically significant and revealed that health education was effective in improving HIV patients’ knowledge scores.

CONCLUSION:
The present research study concluded that the health teaching program was effective in improving knowledge scores regarding HIV-TB co-infection among HIV patients. Hence, there is an urgent need to educate HIV patients on the prevention of HIV-TB co-infection.
Pharmacological effects of Pterocarpus marsupium
Authors: Basnayake Pradeepa Isurumali , Gunatilake Mangala 
Published: August 2024

Abstract:

Pterocarpus marsupium (PM) (Gammalu in Sinhala) is a member of the Fabaceae family. It is a large deciduous tree, indigenous to Sri Lanka, India, and Nepal. Due to its therapeutic benefits, PM is regarded as a medicinal plant in Ayurveda and for industrial products. This narrative review focuses on the pharmacological effects of PM, its’ bioactive compounds, biological effects, and toxicity. For this, literature was gathered via Google Scholar (102), PubMed (89), ScienceDirect (22), published books, web pages, and personal communication (13). The remaining literature was selected after the elimination of 14 duplicates. Titles and abstracts were considered, and some studies were excluded due to insufficient data and irrelevance. After this screening, 133 papers were removed. A total of 66 articles were selected by reading the abstracts that report the pharmacological effects of PM. The main keywords used were PM, Gammalu, Indian kino, phytochemicals, antidiabetic, hypoglycaemic, anti-dyslipidaemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-diarrhoeal, anti-cataract, and toxicity.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and behaviors of undergraduate medical students about sedentary lifestyle and lifestyle modifications – A facility based descriptive study
Authors: Kour Harpreet , Kadeangadi Deepti M , Patil Parwati P. , Kudachi Padmashri 
Published: August 2024

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION:
A sedentary lifestyle has become very common in the medical student leading to obesity. MBBS training period of 5½ years is extensive and very challenging. To cope with time and course curriculum, medical students adapt to multiple unhealthy lifestyle arrays. Many scientific articles have reported that medical students develop numerous health diseases over due to their unbalanced schedules and routines. With limited preexisting data on lifestyle patterns of medical students, this study was planned to assess the knowledge, attitude, and behaviors of 1st year undergraduate medical students about sedentary lifestyle and lifestyle modifications at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KAHER, Belagavi, Karnataka state, India.

METHODOLOGY:
This is a facility-based descriptive study done among 200 first-year medical undergraduate students in the Department of Physiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi. A predesigned structured questionnaire was circulated by Google Forms and responses were coded and entered into a Microsoft Excel sheet. The data analysis was done using percentages (%). Ethical clearance was obtained from the institutional ethical committee for human’s subject’s research of the medical college.

RESULTS:
Among 200 medical students, 192 (96%) of them responded to the questionnaire. About 174 (87%) of the students were practicing physical activity, about 52 (26%) of them did it five times per week, 70 (35%) did three times a week, and 50 (25%) did only once a week, whereas 26 (13%) of the students did not perform physical activity at all. During free time, the students had varied behavior about 59 (29.6%) of students spent time in one or another form of physical activity, 44 (21.8%) enjoyed music, 45 (22.3%) were active in social networking, 23 (11.4%) liked reading and creativity, and 29 (14.5%) of them did not respond to this question. About 110 (54.7%) strongly agreed to include training modules on the prevention of lifestyle disorders in undergraduate medical curriculum.

CONCLUSION:
More than half of the students told that 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous activity should be done regularly. Nearly two-thirds of them knew about the prevalence of obesity and listed the diseases caused by lifestyle diseases. Majority of the students practiced physical activity and knew about lifestyle diseases and were able to identify sedentary behavior. Nearly half of them told that a training module on the prevention of lifestyle diseases is required. There is an utmost important need to include a component of physical fitness in the undergraduate medical curriculum. This will help medical students to decrease stress and improve mental health.
Successful Recanalization by Mechanical Thrombectomy in a Child with Arterial Thrombotic Stroke Involving Posterior Circulation: A Case Report with Review of the Literature
Authors: Mangal Aanchal , Bhutani Neeraj , Sharma D. P. 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for arterial ischemic stroke, although established in adults, is not endorsed routinely for children. The procedure is even rare in children with stroke involving posterior circulation. Here we describe, a child with ischemic stroke due to thrombotic occlusion in the posterior circulation, which was successfully treated with MT.

Clinical Description:
A 12-year-old boy presented with sudden-onset vertigo, imbalance, slurring of speech, inability to stand, associated with headache and vomiting for 8 hours, without any associated fever, trauma, or seizures. On initial examination, his National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 8. Other systems were within normal limits and there was no cutaneous rash.

Management and Outcome:
Investigations revealed a normal complete hemogram, lipid profile, serum homocysteine, fibrinogen, and D-dimer levels along with a normal hemoglobin electrophoresis profile. The electrocardiography, two-dimensional echocardiography were normal and even antinuclear antibodies, antiphospholipid antibodies were negative. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain demonstrated multiple acute infarcts in bilateral cerebellar hemispheres, pons, and right anterior thalamus. Noncontrast MR angiography (MRA) of the head and digital subtraction angiography showed distal basilar artery cutoff and right vertebral artery dominance. As the NIHSS score worsened to 10, a MT with solitaire was done (after 12 hours of onset of symptoms), and reperfusion was achieved in two passes. The child showed remarkable improvement in NIHSS score to 2 by 5 days. At discharge, the child had residual mild ataxia. Despite investigations, the cause of thrombosis remained unknown.

Conclusion:
Our case highlights that in case of significant large arterial occlusion with rapid worsening of symptoms, MT may be considered, even if it involves posterior circulation, and the child presents beyond the usual window of 4–6 hours.
Spontaneous Intrauterine Gastric Perforation: A Rare Cause of Fetal and Neonatal Ascites
Authors: Kaur Harveen , Binu Vineet , Tawab C. N. Abdul , Chandran Shanu 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Ascites in the fetal period persisting into the neonatal period is a rare condition occurring due to a variety of causes, including urinary, bilious, chylous, congenital infections, peritonitis, gastrointestinal malformations, or metabolic diseases. Gastrointestinal malformations account for very few such cases.

Clinical Description:
We report a rare case of a preterm male newborn, delivered at 31 + 1 weeks with antenatal suspicion of fetal hydrops and oligohydramnios. The baby was born with isolated massive ascites with respiratory distress, though was hemodynamically stable. There was no pallor, and air entry was reduced in both lungs with normal cardiovascular evaluation.

Management and Outcome:
He underwent a complete evaluation for isolated fetal ascites, including echocardiography, ultrasound, and blood investigations. Erect abdominal X-ray showed air under the diaphragm, following which the newborn underwent laparotomy, which confirmed gastric perforation. Surgical repair resulted in the resolution of ascites. Postoperatively, supportive care, mechanical ventilation, total parenteral nutrition, and intravenous antibiotics were provided. The baby gradually tolerated enteral feeds by day 15 and was discharged on day 38.

Conclusion:
Gastric perforation in the intrauterine period should be kept as one of the differential diagnoses in newborns presenting with isolated ascites, the perforation may be spontaneous or idiopathic.
A Rare Compound Heterozygous Mutation of TRPM6 Gene in Hereditary Hypomagnesemia with Secondary Hypocalcemia: A Cause of Refractory Seizures in an Infant
Authors: Bhattacharya Chandreyee , Sinha Rajiv , Dey Subrata , Maulik Kaushik 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Hypomagnesemia is an important cause of refractory hypocalcemic seizures. Among the causes of hypomagnesemia, genetic defects are rare.

Clinical Description:
A 20-month-old boy presented with a history of repeated hypocalcemic convulsions since 1 month of age. Besides seizures, the infant was thriving well and otherwise asymptomatic.

Management and Outcome:
On investigation, he had low serum calcium, normal vitamin D, low parathormone, and very low serum magnesium (0.5 mg/dl) levels, with normal sodium, potassium levels, and renal functions. The child was initiated on parenteral magnesium supplementation and subsequently discharged on high-dose oral magnesium supplementation. As further investigations ruled out common causes of hypomagnesemia, clinical exome sequencing was done, which revealed a compound heterozygous state with two variants in the TRPM6 gene NM_017662.5, one being a missense variant (chr9: c.5614T>C, [p.Trp1872Arg]/Heterozygous) and the other being a frameshift deletion (chr9: c.1939_1946delGCAATGGC, [p.Ala647Profs*2]/Heterozygous). The child maintained normal serum magnesium levels at follow-up and was seizure-free.

Conclusion:
Hereditary hypomagnesemia with secondary hypocalcemia is a rare cause of refractory seizures with onset since early infancy. Here, a compound heterozygous variant of the TRPM6 gene was identified as the cause of this condition.
Regional Lymphadenitis Related to Bacille Calmette–Guerin Vaccination: A Case Series from a Tertiary Care Childrens’ Hospital
Authors: Narang Ekta , Gupta Aarshi , Khatri Arti , Saikia Diganta , Jain Neha , Tyagi Sonali 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Immunization with Bacille Calmette–Guerin (BCG) vaccine, used worldwide for years, for the prevention of tuberculosis, rarely leads to complications like regional lymphadenitis. There is controversy regarding the management of BCG lymphadenitis. We share our experience regarding the management and course of this rare complication in nine infants.

Clinical Description:
Over a period of 24 months, 9 infants, who had received BCG vaccination after birth, presented to us between 1 and 3 months of age, with left-sided supraclavicular swellings. The infants were otherwise thriving well, with no constitutional symptoms. On examination, the infants were stable with normal systemic examination. Local examination revealed all the swellings to be supraclavicular lymphadenopathies, two of them being suppurative. Thus, the infants fulfilled the clinical criteria for BCG regional lymphadenitis.

Management and Outcome:
Fine-needle aspiration cytology from the swellings of all infants was consistent with BCG lymphadenitis. Two of the smears were positive for acid-fast bacilli. Besides percutaneous pus aspiration in two infants, no other intervention was done in any of the infants, and no antibiotics nor antitubercular treatment was administered. With observation and regular follow-up, the lymphadenopathies resolved over time in all the infants.

Conclusion:
This case series creates awareness regarding the benign, self-resolving nature of BCG regional lymphadenitis, which may be followed conservatively without any medical or surgical intervention.