bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human Excimer Laser Keratectomy: Short-Term Histopathology
Authors: L'Esperance Francis A , Taylor Daniel M , Warner John W 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT: The first human trial using the argon fluoride excimer laser to produce a superficial keratectomy in the initial three of a series of ten human eyes is described and includes the clinical appearance and short-term histopathologic evaluation of these three eyes. During an interval of less than 14 days, all three eyes reepithel ia I ized completely, showing absolute clarity of all layers of the cornea, while the patients experienced minimal discomfort despite gross abnormalities of other structures and components of these eyes.
Histopathologically, at an average ablation depth of 30 to 40 microns below the surface of Bowman's membrane, the epithelium appeared to be slightly hyperplastic, but firmly adherent to the underlying stromal fibers in the ablated areas. There was a slight electrondense border at the epithelial -stromal interface, but no evidence of inflammation or abnormal keratocyte activity was noted during this Interval, Further pathophysiologic and pharmacologic investigations will be reguired to perfect this new procedure.
Acidosis Increases MHC Class II–Restricted Presentation of a Protein Endowed with a pH-Dependent Heparan Sulfate–Binding Ability
Authors: Knittel Delphine , Savatier Alexandra , Upert Grégory , Lortat-Jacob Hugues , Léonetti Michel 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are ubiquitously expressed molecules that participate in numerous biological processes. We previously showed that HSPGs expressed on the surface of APCs can serve as receptors for a hybrid protein containing an HS ligand and an Ag, which leads to more efficient stimulation of Th cells. To investigate whether such behavior is shared by proteins with inherent HS-binding ability, we looked for proteins endowed with this characteristic. We found that diphtheria toxin and its nontoxic mutant, called CRM197, can interact with HS. However, we observed that their binding ability is higher at pH 6 than at pH 7.4. Therefore, as extracellular acidosis occurs during infection by various micro-organisms, we assessed whether HS-binding capacity affects MHC class II–restricted presentation at different pHs. We first observed that pH decrease allows CRM197 binding to HSPG-expressing cells, including APCs. Then, we showed that this interaction enhances Ag uptake and presentation to Th cells. Lastly, we observed that pH decrease does not affect processing and presentation abilities of the APCs. Our findings show that acidic pH causes an HSPG-mediated uptake and an enhancement of T cell stimulation of Ags with the inherent ability to bind HSPGs pH-dependently. Furthermore, they suggest that proteins from micro-organisms with this binding characteristic might be supported more efficiently by the adaptive immune system when acidosis is triggered during infection.
Left Ventricular Involvement in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy – A Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Authors: Ghannudi Soraya El , Nghiem Anthony , Germain Philippe , Jeung Mi-Young , Gangi Afshin , Roy Catherine 
Published: March 2015

Background Few studies evaluated left ventricular (LV) involvement in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C). The aim of this study is to determine the frequency, clinical presentation, and pattern of LV involvement in ARVD/C (LV-ARVD/C). Methods We retrospectively evaluated the cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in 202 patients referred between 2008 and 2012 to our institution, and we determined the presence or the absence of CMR criteria in the revised task force criteria 2010 for the diagnosis of ARVD/C. A total of 21 patients were diagnosed with ARVD/C according to the revised task force criteria 2010. All included patients had no previous history of myocarditis, acute coronary syndrome, or any other cardiac disease that could interfere with the interpretations of structural abnormalities. The LV involvement in ARVD/C was defined by the presence of one or more of the following criteria: LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV; >95 mL/m2), LV ejection fraction (LVEF; <55%), LV late enhancement of gadolinium (LVLE) in a non-ischemic pattern, and LV wall motion abnormalities (WMAs). In the follow-up for the occurrence of cardiac death, ventricular tachycardia (VT) was obtained at a mean of 31 ± 20.6 months. Results A total of 21 patients had ARVD/C. The median age was 48 (33-63) years. In all, 11 patients (52.4%) had LV-ARVD/C. The demographic characteristics of patients with or without LV were similar. There was a higher frequency of left bundle-branch block (LBBB) VT morphology in ARVD/C ( P = 0.04). In CMR, regional WMAs of right ventricle (RV) and RV ejection fraction (RVEF; <45%) were strongly correlated with LV-WMAs ( r = 0.72, P = 0.02, r = 0.75, P = 0.02, respectively). RV late enhancement of gadolinium (RVLE) was associated with LV-WMs and LVLE ( r = 0.7, P = 0.03; r = 0.8, P = 0.006). LVLE was associated with LV-WMAs, LVEF, and LVEDV ( r = 0.9, P = 0.001; r = 0.8, P = 0.001; r = 0.8, P = 0.01). Conclusion LV involvement in ARVD/C is common and frequently associated with moderate to severe right ventricular (RV) abnormalities. The impact of LV involvement in ARVD/C on the prognosis needs further investigations.
Las funciones inalterables del periodista ante los perfiles multimedia emergentes
Authors: Sánchez-García Pilar , Campos-Domínguez Eva , Berrocal Gonzalo Salomé 
Published: March 2015

Esta investigación aborda el estudio de las funciones y de los perfiles del periodista en el nuevo entorno multimedia. Metodología. Se recurre a una metodología cualitativa de revisión documental, que contribuye a una actualización del campo de conocimiento, junto a una entrevista con cuestionario a colectivos de periodistas españoles sobre el objeto de estudio. Resultados. Refleja las coincidencias entre el ámbito académico y profesional en torno a las funciones inalterables del periodista frente a los nuevos perfiles multimedia emergentes y desarrolla el modelo de los perfiles formativos que establece la Aneca. Discusión. El nuevo entorno mediático evidencia la necesidad de revisión de conceptos desfasados y mantiene abierto el debate científico acerca de las tareas que se potencian en la labor periodística, así como la redefinición de perfiles profesionales y formativos que aún están en proceso de configuración en un panorama mediático en transición.
Hemodialysis Vascular access Management in the Netherlands
Authors: Tordoir Jan H.M. , van Loon Magda M. , ter Meer Margreet , van Laanen Jorinde , Bode Aron S. , Weijmer Marcel C. , Peppelenbosch Noud 
Published: March 2015

Purpose In the Netherlands, 86% of patients start renal replacement therapy with chronic intermittent hemodialysis (HD). Guidelines do indicate predialysis care and maintenance of a well-functioning vascular access (VA) as critical issues in the management of the renal failure patient. Referral to the surgeon and time to VA creation are important determinants of the type and success of the VA and HD treatment. Methods and Results Data from a national questionnaire showed that time from referral to the surgeon and actual access creation is <4 weeks in 43%, 4 to 8 weeks in 30% and >8 weeks in 27% of the centers. Pre-Operative ultrasonography and postoperative access flowmetry are the diagnostic methods in the majority of centers (98%). Most facilities perform rope-ladder cannulation with occasionally the buttonhole technique for selected patients in 87% of the dialysis units. Endovascular intervention for thrombosis is practiced by 13%, surgical thrombectomy by 21% and either endovascular or surgery by 66% of the centers. Weekly multidisciplinary meetings are organized in 57% of the units. Central vein catheters are inserted by radiologists (36%), nephrologists and surgeons (32%). Conclusions We conclude that guidelines implementation has been successful in particular regarding issues as pre-operative patient assessment for VA creation and postoperative surveillance in combination with (preemptive) endovascular intervention, leading to very acceptable VA thrombosis rates.
Engaging the skill set of the Millennials: Librarians, content and technology in the mobile age
Authors: Hawthorne Jill L. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe Millennial Generation student consumes and interacts with information in a multiplicity of ways, at any time, in any location. Where Generation X took computer skills from study to employment, Millennials have grown up with an array of devices - from games consoles to computers to smartphones to e-readers to tablets. They read, message, watch video, chat, blog, photograph and tweet, interrogating and assimilating data across diverse formats. The speed and flow of information alters expectations and provides opportunities to research, share and learn faster and more effectively. This paper reviews library science and educational literature on the Millennials in the last ten years. It outlines how Millennials have been characterized and how academic libraries have responded to their needs, with special reference to mobile services. It provides examples of the functionality and services that currently typify university library apps and mobile-optimized sites in the UK and USA. The generational lens, it concludes, provides a useful perspective on key developments in academic libraries in recent times.
Linking library profession and the market place: Finding connections for the library in the digital environment.
Authors: Boumarafi Behdja 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe fast-paced changing information environment calls for continual development of libraries and information institutions to cope with the changes of the digital environment. To ensure this, there is a need to understand the current employment trends to identify the competencies and skills required of professionals. The advent of ICT has created a real paradigm shift in Library operations so information professionals are working at the leading edge of the internet and the web technology, i.e.: web2.0, web3.0, leading to more web-based services. Moreover, the digital environment is reshaping the whole context within which information is being generated, processed, and delivered through online networks. This has strategic significance for library professionals in facing the challenges of this ever-changing information environment in which ICT is the major source for survival and development. This is having a direct impact on librarydevelopment, a development which is reflected in the literature as required by the market place. The inevitable consequences for professionals are to be equipped with the necessary skills and competencies applicable to the cyber environment to meet the demands of the ever changing job market. The paper identifies the characteristics required of LIS workers to serve the expandingand changing information market as reflected in job announcements posted on the listserv of the IFLA from January to August 2014 to create a synergy between the profession and the current employment trends. A sample set of 259 job advertisements posted by academic, public and special libraries are selected and are grouped in four categories these are:• Technology–based positions with 48.71% of the advertisements.• Public/information services skills listed by 22.87% of the openings.• Technical services skills scored 18.64% of the available jobs• Personal attributes are mentioned in 9.74% positions.Most positions are available in Academic libraries.
Besoins et représentations des veuves en matière de soutien social
Authors: Plaud Cécile 
Published: March 2015

Cet article explore les représentations attachées aux prestations de soutien social formel afin d’identifier les leviers sur lesquels les prestataires peuvent s’appuyer pour répondre aux attentes des veuves de plus de 60 ans. Les résultats d’une recherche qualitative conduite auprès de 24 veuves mettent en évidence que le veuvage s’accompagne d’attentes en termes de soutien social formel. Néanmoins, les représentations qui lui sont attachées en freinent l’usage. Les recommandations s’articulent ainsi en deux volets : répondre aux attentes des veuves par des services de soutien social adaptés et lever les freins à l’usage.
Privacy paradox et adoption de technologies intrusives. Le cas de la géolocalisation mobile
Authors: Herault Stéphanie , Belvaux Bertrand 
Published: March 2015

Si la personnalisation des services numériques est de plus en plus efficace, celle-ci nécessite généralement de récolter en contrepartie des informations personnelles. Cette perte de vie privée peut conduire à rejeter la technologie support. A partir d’une étude menée auprès de 506 mobinautes, cette recherche tente d’évaluer le rôle de l’intrusion perçue dans la vie privée de l’utilisation de services mobiles géolocalisés. Elle souligne la réalité de ce frein, mais aussi qu’elle peut être compensée par certains bénéfices (utilité et facilité à l’utilisation). Cette logique coûts-bénéfices permet ainsi de mieux comprendre le paradoxe de la vie privée. Ainsi, les entreprises disposent de deux leviers d’action : proposer davantage de bénéfices et mieux gérer les problèmes de vie privée par une éducation numérique aussi bien pour les entreprises que pour les utilisateurs.
La distribution par « drive » : définition et typologie
Authors: Rouquet Aurélien 
Published: March 2015

L’article a pour objectif de mieux conceptualiser les stratégies de distribution par « drive » . Il propose de définir le drive comme toute stratégie de distribution qui permet un transfert direct des produits de leur lieu de stockage jusque dans le véhicule du client. En fonction du rôle dévolu au client dans le transfert des produits, et de l’intégration du drive dans les canaux de distribution existants, l’article identifie quatre stratégies-types possibles de drive : le drive-guichet, le drive-cour, le drive-entrepôt et le drive -quai. Finalement, l’article discute des principaux points à prendre en compte en vue de développer dans son canal de distribution des stratégies de drive .
Les effets de l’âge du mannequin sur les consommateurs séniors et sur la marque présente dans la publicité : le rôle de la similarité
Authors: Bourcier-Béquaert Bénédicte , de Barnier Virginie 
Published: March 2015

Cet article jette un éclairage sur une stratégie publicitaire adoptée par certaines marques grand public : l’utilisation de mannequins publicitaires séniors dans le but de séduire cette cible de consommateurs. Pour mieux comprendre les mécanismes d’action de l’âge du mannequin, une étude est menée auprès de 277 femmes de 60 à 70 ans. Elle établit que l’âge du mannequin publicitaire, lorsqu’il est appréhendé en fonction de l’âge subjectif des réceptrices, est à l’origine d’un sentiment de similarité. Celui-ci a des effets positifs sur l’évaluation de la marque présente dans la publicité pour deux catégories de produit (alimentaire et cosmétique).
« Hieroglyph to Be Decoded » : Exploring Routes of Representation and Telling in Nadine Gordimer’s Beethoven Was One-Sixteenth Black and Other Stories
Authors: Giovanelli Laura 
Published: March 2015

L’article examine les stratégies et modes narratifs qui montrent comment, après 1994, la « nouvelle » Nadine Gordimer explore une palette diversifiée de motifs, de situations et de personnages dans des tonalités moins tranchées que dans la plupart de ses précédents recueils de nouvelles. Son ancien « ego transparent » a maintenant beaucoup perdu de son aplomb monolithique pour emprunter des pistes mineures en quête de traces à moitié ensevelies et d’une « liminalité » qui n’est plus nécessairement associée au monde noir ou à la dissidence blanche. S’ils peuvent sembler étranges ou négligeables, les fragments d’expérience humaine ou animale représentés trouvent souvent leur place dans ce cadre défini par Njabulo Ndebele comme la « redécouverte de l’ordinaire » et, dans une perspective plus large, s’alignent sur l’épistémè post-apartheid et postcoloniale qui se défie des polarités hiérarchiques et des récits totalisants. Tout en s’éloignant du politiquement « spectaculaire » et du spectre de la pigmentation, les textes illustrent également les modalités selon lesquelles l’Afrique du Sud contemporaine s’inscrit dans une dialectique cruciale entre le local et le global.
Quartiers durables et pôles d’emploi : vers des navettes plus courtes et moins polluantes ? Une analyse de Montréal, 1998-2008
Authors: Poulin Pier-Olivier , Shearmur Richard 
Published: March 2015

À quelle échelle la morphologie urbaine joue-t-elle sur les comportements de navettage ? D’un côté, la nature du quartier (résidences unifamiliales, appartements, vétusté du bâti, organisation de la voirie…) pourrait avoir un effet sur les modes de déplacement, et certaines interventions urbanistiques adoptent cette hypothèse. De l’autre côté, la localisation du quartier au sein de la métropole (quartier central, périphérique, transport en commun) a aussi une influence certaine. Dans cet article, nous nous demandons si la nature des quartiers de résidence (ou de travail) influe sur les comportements de navettage, et si cet effet est un effet indépendant ou s’il ne fait que refléter la distance des différents types de quartiers au centre-ville. Nous montrons que la nature des quartiers a très peu d’influence indépendante sur ces comportements. Nous suggérons donc que c’est l’aménagement à l’échelle métropolitaine (recentrage des résidences, léger décentrage des emplois) plutôt qu’à l’échelle des quartiers, sur lequel il serait primordial de réfléchir et d’agir si l’on veut modifier durablement les comportements de navettage.
Symmetrical Diamidate Prodrugs of Nucleotide Analogues for Drug Delivery
Authors: Pertusati Fabrizio , McGuigan Christopher , Serpi Michaela 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe use of pronucleotides to circumvent the well‐known drawbacks of nucleotide analogs has played a significant role in the area of antiviral and anticancer drug delivery. Several motifs have been designed to mask the negative charges on the phosphorus moiety of either nucleoside monophosphates or nucleoside phosphonates, in order to increase their hydrophobicity and allow entry of the compound into the cell. Among them the bis‐amidate analogs, having two identical amino acids as masking groups through a P–N bond, represent a more recent approach for the delivery of nucleotide analogs, endowed with antiviral or anticancer activity. Different synthetic strategies are commonly used for preparing phosphorodiamidates of nucleosides. In this protocol, we would like to focus on the description of the synthetic methodology that in our hand gave the best results using 2′‐3′‐didehydro‐2′‐3′‐dideoxythymidine (d4T, Stavudine) as model nucleoside. A second strategy for preparing diamidates of nucleoside phosphonates will be reported using {[2‐(6‐amino‐9 H‐purin‐9‐yl)ethoxy]methyl}phosphonic acid (PMEA, adefovir) as model substrate. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Using pLink to Analyze Cross‐Linked Peptides
Authors: Fan Sheng‐Bo , Meng Jia‐Ming , Lu Shan , Zhang Kun , Yang Hao , Chi Hao , Sun Rui‐Xiang , Dong Meng‐Qiu , He Si‐Min 
Published: March 2015

AbstractpLink is a search engine for high‐throughput identification of cross‐linked peptides from their tandem mass spectra, which is the data‐analysis step in chemical cross‐linking of proteins coupled with mass spectrometry analysis. pLink has accumulated more than 200 registered users from all over the world since its first release in 2012. After 2 years of continual development, a new version of pLink has been released, which is at least 40 times faster, more versatile, and more user‐friendly. Also, the function of the new pLink has been expanded to identifying endogenous protein cross‐linking sites such as disulfide bonds and SUMO (Small Ubiquitin‐like MOdifier) modification sites. Integrated into the new version are two accessory tools: pLabel, to annotate spectra of cross‐linked peptides for visual inspection and publication, and pConfig, to assist users in setting up search parameters. Here, we provide detailed guidance on running a database search for identification of protein cross‐links using the 2014 version of pLink. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
iSAW: Integrating Structure, Actors, and Water to study socio‐hydro‐ecological systems
Authors: Hale Rebecca L. , Armstrong Andrea , Baker Michelle A. , Bedingfield Sean , Betts David , Buahin Caleb , Buchert Martin , Crowl Todd , Dupont R. Ryan , Ehleringer James R. , Endter‐Wada Joanna , Flint Courtney , Grant Jacqualine , Hinners Sarah , Horsburgh Jeffery S. , Jackson‐Smith Douglas , Jones Amber S. , Licon Carlos , Null Sarah E. , Odame Augustina , Pataki Diane E. , Rosenberg David , Runburg Madlyn , Stoker Philip , Strong Courtenay 
Published: March 2015

AbstractUrbanization, climate, and ecosystem change represent major challenges for managing water resources. Although water systems are complex, a need exists for a generalized representation of these systems to identify important components and linkages to guide scientific inquiry and aid water management. We developed an integrated Structure‐Actor‐Water framework (iSAW) to facilitate the understanding of and transitions to sustainable water systems. Our goal was to produce an interdisciplinary framework for water resources research that could address management challenges across scales (e.g., plot to region) and domains (e.g., water supply and quality, transitioning, and urban landscapes). The framework was designed to be generalizable across all human–environment systems, yet with sufficient detail and flexibility to be customized to specific cases. iSAW includes three major components: structure (natural, built, and social), actors (individual and organizational), and water (quality and quantity). Key linkages among these components include: (1) ecological/hydrologic processes, (2) ecosystem/geomorphic feedbacks, (3) planning, design, and policy, (4) perceptions, information, and experience, (5) resource access and risk, and (6) operational water use and management. We illustrate the flexibility and utility of the iSAW framework by applying it to two research and management problems: understanding urban water supply and demand in a changing climate and expanding use of green storm water infrastructure in a semi‐arid environment. The applications demonstrate that a generalized conceptual model can identify important components and linkages in complex and diverse water systems and facilitate communication about those systems among researchers from diverse disciplines.
Direct and indirect adaptive integral line‐of‐sight path‐following controllers for marine craft exposed to ocean currents
Authors: Fossen Thor I. , Lekkas Anastasios M. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryWe present a direct and an indirect nonlinear adaptive path‐following controller for marine craft based on a line‐of‐sight guidance principle used by ancient navigators. The control laws are implemented using hydro‐acoustic relative velocity measurements as opposed to absolute velocity measurements. For this purpose, a kinematic model for relative velocity in amplitude‐phase form is derived. The first contribution is an adaptive indirect controller based on a disturbance observer designed for estimation and compensation of ocean currents. The equilibrium points of the cross‐track and parameter estimation errors are proven to be globally κ exponentially stable. This guarantees that the estimated drift term converges to its true value exponentially. The observer is used in conjuncture with a control law to obtain asymptotic tracking and path following in the presence of ocean currents. The second contribution is a direct adaptive integral line‐of‐sight controller for path following. Global convergence of the cross‐track error is proven by using Barbălat's lemma, which ensures that the parameter estimation error is bounded. Both methods can be applied to the horizontal‐plane motion of surface vessels and autonomous underwater vehicles. An autonomous underwater vehicle case study is included to verify the results. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.