bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Harmonic Mistuning of Blisks
Authors: Pohle Linus , Panning‐von Scheidt Lars , Wallaschek Jörg 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe paper describes a new method to calculate the maximum amplificationof blade vibrations of a bladed disk or blisk subject to manufacturing tolerances. Two effects of mistuned blisks are analyzed in this paper. The separation of two orthogonal nodal diameters are shown and described in detail. Furthermore, the excitation of more than one nodal diameter by only one engine order is discussed. If the eigenfrequencies of these nodal diameters are close together, the vibration amplitude of some blades increases. Based on a lumped‐mass model, it is shown which maximum amplitude can occur. The idea is to use a harmonic mistuning pattern to get the highest influence at small tolerances for one single nodal diameter. This influence is not exceeded by a randomly mistuned system and limits the maximum amplitude. The given analysis is validated by a common Monte‐Carlo simulation. On the other hand, a description of the excitation of other nodal diameters is given. Using these two effects, an absolute vibration maximum for a given mistuning limit can be calculated. (© 2015 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Applications of Approximation Theory to thermographic images in earthquake engineering
Authors: Cluni Federico , Costarelli Danilo , Minotti Anna Maria , Vinti Gianluca 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn this paper we show some new applications of the approximation theory, by means of the multivariate sampling Kantorovich operators, to thermographic images in seismic engineering. (© 2015 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Edge detection based on fractional order differentiation and its application to railway track images
Authors: Telke Christian , Beitelschmidt Michael 
Published: October 2015

AbstractEdge detection is one of the most fundamental necessities in image processing. Usally, edge detection algorithms are based on integer order differentiation operators. In many applications it is essential to perform a robust edge detection also to noisy input image data with low SNR as well. Thereby, integer based differentiation operators are often not leading to sufficient detection results. For this purpose an edge detector based on fractional order differentiation is introduced, which can significantly improve the detection performance to noisy images. Furthermore, a real application scenario of fractional order based edge detection is given within a modular railway track measurement system. (© 2015 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A fully meshless method for ‘gas – evaporating droplet’ flow modelling
Authors: Rybdylova Oyuna , Osiptsov Alexander N. , Sazhin Sergei S. , Begg Steven , Heikal Morgan 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA meshless method for modelling two‐phase flows with phase transition is described. The method is based on consideration of three systems: viscous‐vortex blobs, thermal‐blobs and droplets; and can be applied for numerical simulation of 2D non‐isothermal flows of ‘gas‐evaporating droplets’ in the framework of the one‐way coupled two‐fluid approach. The carrier phase is viscous incompressible gas. The dispersed phase is presented by a cloud of identical spherical droplets, and, due to evaporation, the radius and mass of droplets are time dependent. The carrier phase parameters are calculated using the viscous‐vortex and thermal‐blob method; the dispersed phase parameters are calculated using the Lagrangian approach. Two applications have been considered: (i) a standard benchmark – Lamb vortex; (ii) a cold spray injected into a hot quiescent gas. In the latter problem three cases corresponding to three droplet sizes were investigated. The smallest droplets (of the three cases considered) are more readily entrained by the carrier phase and form ring‐like structures; the flow shows better mixing. Larger droplets evaporate less intensively. The medium sized droplets collect into two narrow bands stretched along the jet axis. The largest droplets form a two‐phase jet, which remains close to the jet axis. (© 2015 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Simulation of Atomic Force Microscopy for investigating BaTiO3 and LiMn2O4 nanostructures based on Phase Field Approach
Authors: Thai Huy , Keip Marc‐André , Amanieu Hugues‐Yanis , Rosato Daniele , Schröder Jörg 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAtomic Force Microscopy (AFM) probes the surface features of specimens using an extremely sharp tip scanning the sample surface while the force is applied. AFM is also widely used for investigating the electrically non‐conductive materials by applying an electric potential on the tip. Piezoresponse Force Microscopy (PFM) and Electrochemical Strain Microscopy (ESM) are variants of AFM for different materials. Both PFM and ESM signals are obtained by observing the displacement of the tip when applying electric fields during the scanning process. The PFM technique is based on converse piezoelectric effect of ferroelectrics and the ESM technique is based on electrochemical coupling in solid ionic conductors. In this work, two continuum‐mechanical formulations for simulation of PFM and ESM are discussed.In the first model, for PFM simulation, a phase field approach based on the Allen‐Cahn equation for non‐conserved order parameters is employed for ferroelectrics. Here, the polarization vector is chosen as order parameter. Since ferroelectrics have highly anisotropic properties, this model accounts for transversely isotropic symmetry using an invariant formulation. The polarization switching behavior under the electric field will be discussed with some numerical examples.In the simulation of ESM, we employ a constitutive model based on the work of Bohn et al. [8] for the modeling of lithium manganese dioxide LiMn2O4 (LMO). It simulates the deformation of the LMO particle according to an applied voltage and the evolution of lithium concentration after removing a DC pulse. The modeling results are compared to experimental data. (© 2015 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
On the full and block‐decoupling of nonlinear functions
Authors: Dreesen Philippe , Ishteva Mariya , Schoukens Johan 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe review a method that decouples multivariate functions into linear combinations of a set of univariate (or simpler multivariate) functions of transformed variables. In this way the given nonlinear multiple‐input‐multiple‐output function is decoupled into a structure having simpler parallel internal branches that are linked by linear transformations to the original inputs and outputs. The procedure collects first‐order information by evaluating the Jacobian matrix of the given function in a set of points. These matrices are stacked into a three‐way tensor, whose decomposition reveals the decoupled representation. (© 2015 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
In situ synthesis of nano‐assemblies of the high molecular weight ferrocene‐containing block copolymer via dispersion RAFT polymerization
Authors: Gao Chengqiang , Liu Chonggao , Zhou Heng , Wang Shuang , Zhang Wangqing 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThe in situ synthesis of the nano‐assemblies of the high molecular weight ferrocene‐containing block copolymer of poly(ethylene glycol)‐block‐poly(4‐vinylbenzyl ferrocenecarboxylate) (PEG‐b‐PVFC) via dispersion reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization was discussed. Taking the advantage of the accelerated polymerization rate of the dispersion RAFT polymerization, the nano‐objects of the well‐defined PEG‐b‐PVFC diblock copolymer with the polymerization degree (DP) of the ferrocene‐containing PVFC block up to 300 were prepared. It was found that the morphology of the PEG‐b‐PVFC diblock copolymer nano‐assemblies was dependent on the DP of the PEG and PVFC blocks, and nanospheres favorably formed in the case of the long PEG block and vesicles containing a thick and porous membrane were formed in the case of the short PEG block and long PVFC block, respectively. Our results demonstrate that the dispersion RAFT polymerization is an effective way to prepare the high molecular weight ferrocene‐containing block copolymer with interesting morphologies. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016, 54, 900–909
Countercyclical energy and climate policy for the U.S.
Authors: Nemet Gregory F. , Grubler Arnulf , Kammen Daniel M. 
Published: October 2015

Continuation of the U.S.’s historical pattern addressing energy problems only in times of crisis is unlikely to catalyze a transition to an energy system with fewer adverse social impacts. Instead, the U.S. needs to bolster support for energy innovation when the perceived urgency of energy‐related problems appears to be receding. Because of the lags involved in both the energy system and the climate system, decarbonizing the economy will require extraordinary persistence over decades. This need for sustained commitment is in contrast to the last several decades, which have been marked by volatility and cycles of boom and bust. In contrast to the often‐repeated phrase that one should ‘never let a good crisis go to waste,’ the U.S. needs to most actively foster energy innovation when aspects of energy and climate problems appear to be improving. We describe the rationale for a ‘countercyclical’ approach to energy and climate policy, which involves precommitment to a set of policies that go into effect once a set of trigger conditions are met. WIREs Clim Change 2016, 7:5–12. doi: 10.1002/wcc.369This article is categorized under:

The Carbon Economy and Climate Mitigation > Policies, Instruments, Lifestyles, Behavior
Policy and Governance > National Climate Change Policy
Cancer Worry, Perceived Risk and Cancer Screening in First‐Degree Relatives of Patients with Familial Gastric Cancer
Authors: Li Jenny , Hart Tae L. , Aronson Melyssa , Crangle Cassandra , Govindarajan Anand 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCurrently, there is a lack of evidence evaluating the psychological impact of cancer‐related risk perception and worry in individuals at high risk for gastric cancer. We examined the relationships between perceived risk, cancer worry and screening behaviors among first‐degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with familial gastric cancer. FDRs of patients diagnosed with familial gastric cancer with a non‐informative genetic analysis were identified and contacted. Participants completed a telephone interview that assessed socio‐demographic information, cancer risk perception, cancer worry, impact of worry on daily functioning, and screening behaviors. Twenty‐five FDRs completed the telephone interview. Participants reported high levels of comparative and absolute cancer risk perception, with an average perceived lifetime risk of 54 %. On the other hand, cancer‐related worry scores were low, with a significant minority (12 %) experiencing high levels of worry. Study participants exhibited high levels of confidence (median = 70 %) in the effectiveness of screening at detecting a curable cancer. Participants that had undergone screening in the past showed significantly lower levels of cancer‐related worry compared to those that had never undergone screening. In conclusion, individuals at high‐risk for gastric cancer perceived a very high personal risk of cancer, but reported low levels of cancer worry. This paradoxical result may be attributed to participants’ high levels of confidence in the effectiveness of screening. These findings highlight the importance for clinicians to discuss realistic risk appraisals and expectations towards screening with unaffected members of families at risk for gastric cancer, in an effort to help mitigate anxiety and help with coping.
Thenmala Fault System, Southern India: Implication to Neotectonics
Authors: Praseeda E. , John Biju , Srinivasan C. , Singh Yogendra , Divyalakshmi K.S. , Samui Pijush 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The Achankovil shear system is one of the major crustal scale structures in Peninsular India. This NW-SE trending shear zone stretches across the Western Ghats for a strike length of 120 km. A number of parallel lineaments demarcate this 15-20 km wide shear zone. Many studies were carried out to understand the origin and delineation of this structure. Low level seismicity reported in this region, however, does not suggest any relation with this shear zone and thus no significant study was carried out to understand its neotectonic behavior. However, there are a couple of faults identified in the southern end of this shear system viz., Thenmala and Thenmala south faults. Even though these faults were demarcated in hilly terrain of Western Ghats, its expression into the plain area east of the mountain terrain were not identified during the earlier studies. The present study however, delineated the signatures of these faults further in the southeast from satellite images. The traces of these faults are observed as multiple slip planes with varying deformation pattern. A group of N-S trending lineaments are also observed in hill ranges. Similarly, N-S trending long persistent vertical joints are observed in the plain area are free from displacement. The traces of NW-SE trending brittle faults observed in these areas crosscut all the joints including the N-S trending vertical ones. These observations suggest that the geomorphic signature associated with Thenmala lineaments may represent the youngest deformation (brittle) of the region.
Textural Characteristics of Sediments and Weathering in the Jhelum River Basin Located in Kashmir Valley, Western Himalaya
Authors: Mir Riyaz Ahmad , Jeelani Gh 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This study presents a detailed textural and geochemical study of sediments of river Jhelum and its tributaries of Kashmir valley. The textural studies clearly established that the sediments were dominantly of medium grain size, moderately sorted and very positively skewed. The kurtosis suggested dominantly leptokurtic nature of sediments. The sediments were deposited under moderate to low energy conditions with dominant rolling processes. The statistical parameters showed little spatial as well as temporal variations. The observations are supported by the frequency curves and bivariate plots between various textural parameters, confirming the polymodal nature of sediments with dominant to moderate sand fraction. The bimodal and unimodal nature of the sediments was also present at certain locations. The major oxide elemental chemistry of the sediments indicated that the dominant elemental oxide was SiO2 followed by Al2O3 in all the sediments. The Chemical Index Alteration (CIA) and Resistant Index of Maturity (RM) reflected moderate weathering and immaturity of the sediments in the basin.
Mental disorders and transition to adult mental health services: A scoping review
Authors: Reale L. , Bonati M. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundData are progressively accumulating regarding the transition to adult services.MethodsA comprehensive search using the MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane databases up until 16 March 2015 was conducted in order to summarize recent evidence on the transition from child to adult mental health services for patients with mental disorders. Authors extracted data and assessed study quality independently.ResultsThe main findings of the 33 included studies were discussed taking into consideration four aspects: experiences of patients, carers, and clinicians, accounts of transition, current services models and protocols, and outcomes of transition. Of the 33 studies, 17 focused on a specific mental disorder: seven on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, four on intellectual disability, three on eating disorders, two on serious emotional disorders and one on autism spectrum disorder. An attempt was also made to integrate the studies’ conclusions in order to improve transitional care.ConclusionsThe review reveals an evident need for longitudinal, controlled, health services research to identify and evaluate optimal service models with systematic and seamless transition protocols for patients with mental disorders requiring continuity of care into adult mental services.
Cognitive function and lifetime features of depression and bipolar disorder in a large population sample: Cross-sectional study of 143,828 UK Biobank participants
Authors: Cullen B. , Nicholl B.I. , Mackay D.F. , Martin D. , Ul-Haq Z. , McIntosh A. , Gallacher J. , Deary I.J. , Pell J.P. , Evans J.J. , Smith D.J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated differences in cognitive performance between middle-aged adults with and without a lifetime history of mood disorder features, adjusting for a range of potential confounders.MethodsCross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the UK Biobank cohort. Adults aged 40–69 (n = 143,828) were assessed using measures of reasoning, reaction time and memory. Self-reported data on lifetime features of major depression and bipolar disorder were used to construct groups for comparison against controls. Regression models examined the association between mood disorder classification and cognitive performance, adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle and clinical confounders.ResultsInverse associations between lifetime history of bipolar or severe recurrent depression features and cognitive performance were attenuated or reversed after adjusting for confounders, including psychotropic medication use and current depressive symptoms. Participants with a lifetime history of single episode or moderate recurrent depression features outperformed controls to a small (but statistically significant) degree, independent of adjustment for confounders. There was a significant interaction between use of psychotropic medication and lifetime mood disorder features, with reduced cognitive performance observed in participants taking psychotropic medication.ConclusionsIn this general population sample of adults in middle age, lifetime features of recurrent depression or bipolar disorder were only associated with cognitive impairment within unadjusted analyses. These findings underscore the importance of adjusting for potential confounders when investigating mood disorder-related cognitive function.
Olanzapine or chlorpromazine plus lithium in first episode psychotic mania: An 8-week randomised controlled trial
Authors: Conus P. , Berk M. , Cotton S.M. , Kader L. , Macneil C. , Hasty M.K. , Hallam K. , Lambert M. , Murphy B.P. , McGorry P.D. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundTreatment strategies for mental disorders may vary according to illness stage. However no data currently exist to guide treatment in first episode psychotic mania. The aim of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy profile of chlorpromazine and olanzapine, as add-on to lithium, in patients with a first episode of psychotic mania, expecting better safety profile and adherence to olanzapine but similar efficacy for both treatments.MethodsData from 83 patients were collected in an 8-week randomised controlled trial on clinical variables, side effects, vital signs, and weight. Analyses of treatment differences over time were based on intent-to-treat principles. Kaplan-Meier estimated survival curves were used to analyse time-to-event data and mixed effects models repeated measures analysis of variance were used to determine treatment group differences over time on safety and efficacy measures.ResultsEthics committee approval to delay informed consent procedure until recovery from the acute episode allowed the inclusion of 83 patients highly representative of those treated in the public sector. Contrary to our hypotheses, safety profile of both medications was similar. A signal for higher rate (P=.032) and earlier occurrence (P=.043) of mania remission was observed in the olanzapine group which did not survive correction for multiple comparisons.ConclusionsOlanzapine and chlorpromazine have a similar safety profile in a uniquely representative cohort of patients with first episode psychotic mania. The possibility for a greater impact of olanzapine on manic symptoms leading to earlier remission of the episode needs exploration in a large sample.
Facebook en educación médica: punto de vista de usuarios en una residencia de Ginecoobstetricia
Authors: Heredia Caballero Ángel Germán 
Published: October 2015

Introducción: Es frecuente la reflexión sobre el futuro de la educación y la influencia de la tecnología en el área educativa, y buena parte de esta reflexión está orientada hacia las redes sociales que muestran un desarrollo importante, aprovechando los espacios brindados por la red de redes. Objetivo: El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo principal conocer la evaluación de la herramienta Facebook por parte de estudiantes y docentes que la utilizaron para la impartición del curso de Anatomía en la residencia de Ginecología y Obstetricia de un hospital de la especialidad en la Ciudad de México. Método: Mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas se utilizó metodología cualitativa para la exploración de la experiencia con Facebook por alumnos y docentes que lo utilizaron como herramienta tecnológica para la impartición de un curso de Anatomía, parte de la residencia en Ginecología y Obstetricia del Hospital de Especialidades de la Mujer y Neonatología. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos y analizados permitieron concluir que el impacto logrado con Facebook es positivo tanto por las opiniones de alumnos como por las de los docentes. La mayoría de los residentes entrevistados expresaron valoraciones positivas con respecto a disponibilidad, accesibilidad, atractivo de materiales, mejora de comunicación, utilidad y logro de objetivos. La mayoría de los docentes entrevistados manifestaron resultados satisfactorios con respecto a motivación, aportación positiva, percepción de desempeño de alumnos y manejo de los contenidos. Conclusiones: Las redes sociales pueden tener un lugar en las estrategias de enseñanza aprendizaje, pero requieren de tácticas específicas que permitan obtener el máximo beneficio educativo y disminuyan los inconvenientes, como la generación de multitasking en los estudiantes. De la misma manera, este uso poco explorado de las redes sociales como Facebook en una residencia médica puede lograr la optimización del tiempo disponible, así como dar solución a la problemática de la disponibilidad de aulas en sedes clínicas.
The γ-ray Pulsar J0633+0632 in X-rays
Authors: Danilenko Andrey , Shternin Peter , Karpova Anna , Zyuzin Dima , Shibanov Yuriy 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe analysedChandraobservations of the brightFermipulsar J0633+0632 and found evidence of an absorption feature in its spectrum at 804+42−26eV (the errors are at 90% confidence) with equivalent width of 63+47−36eV. In addition, we analysed in detail the X-ray spectral continuum taking into account correlations between the interstellar absorption and the distance to the source. We confirm early findings that the spectrum contains non-thermal and thermal components. The latter is equally well described by the blackbody and magnetised atmosphere models and can be attributed to the emission from the bulk of the stellar surface in both cases. The distance to the pulsar is constrained in a range of 1–4 kpc from the spectral fits. We infer the blackbody surface temperature of 108+22−14eV, while for the atmosphere model, the temperature, as seen by a distant observer, is 53+12−7eV. In the latter case, J0633+0632 is one of the coldest middle-aged isolated neutron stars. Finally, it powers an extended pulsar wind nebula whose shape suggests a high pulsar proper motion. Looking backwards the direction of the presumed proper motion, we found a likely birthplace of the pulsar—the Rosette nebula, a 50-Myr-old active star-forming region located at about 1.5° from the pulsar. If true, this constrains the distance to the pulsar in the range of 1.2–1.8 kpc.