bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitogenomic phylogeny of Nassariidae (Neogastropoda: Buccinoidea)
Authors: Yang Yi , Templado José , Puillandre Nicolas , Zardoya Rafael 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Mud snails (family Nassariidae) represent a highly diversified lineage within the superfamily Buccinoidea. Recent molecular phylogenies contradicted in some instances the traditional nassariid classification and revealed important levels of homoplasy in phenotypic characters. In order to clarify the boundaries of the family Nassariidae, as well as to inquire on the diversification of the cosmopolitan Nassariinae, a robust phylogenetic framework is needed. Here, the near-complete mitogenomes of 31 species representing almost all lineages of Nassariidae plus several buccinoid outgroups were sequenced. All mitogenomes of buccinoids shared the same gene order, which is identical to the consensus reported for caenogastropods. The monophyly of Nassariidae as previously defined was not confirmed. The reconstructed phylogeny revealed distant relationships between the genera Cyllene, Anentome, Tomlinia, Engoniophos, Phos and Antillophos and the majority of nassariids, represented by Nassariinae + Bullia. Within Nassariinae, a robust phylogeny, which recognized a total of seven regional groups, was reconstructed. The West Atlantic/Mediterranean genus Tritia was divided into three clades. The biogeographical analysis together with the inferred chronogram suggested that Nassariinae might have originated during the late Paleocene in the Indo-Pacific region. Subsequent climate change and continental drift events triggered diversification within the subfamily, leading to the worldwide distribution of current genera.
Molecular genetics and diversity of choroid plexus tumors
Authors: Thomas Christian , Hasselblatt Martin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Choroid plexus tumors are rare intraventricular brain tumors predominantly arising in children but also affecting adults. Chromosome-wide copy-number alterations and TP53 mutations do occur, but in most choroid plexus tumors, driver mutations have not been identified. Here we give a brief overview of the histopathological and clinical diversity of choroid plexus tumors and their genetic and epigenetic heterogeneity. Preliminary data indicate that choroid plexus carcinomas comprise at least 2 epigenetic subgroups, one of which is associated with TP53 mutation status. These findings strongly encourage us to further investigate the genetic and epigenetic heterogeneity in a larger cohort and to align molecular subgroup status with clinical annotations, in order to identify prognostic markers that may also aid stratification within future international trials.
A fast protocol for multicenter and multiparametric quantitative MRI studies in brain tumor patients using vendor sequences
Authors: Thomas Dennis C , Deichmann Ralf , Nöth Ulrike , Langkammer Christian , Ferreira Mónica , Golbach Rejane , Hattingen Elke , Wenger Katharina J 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Multiparametric quantitative MRI (mp-qMRI) provides noninvasive, quantitative measurements sensitive to a variety of tissue properties. In brain tumors (BTs), longitudinal relaxation time (T1), effective transverse relaxation time (T2*), transverse relaxation time (T2), water content (H2O), and quantitative susceptibility (χ) give valuable insights into the microenvironment. To generate large multicenter datasets, protocols need to be short and implementable on any scanner. The goal of this work was to develop and validate an 8-min, 3T mp-qMRI protocol for BT patients solely using generalized pulse sequences (mGRE and EPI).

Methods
A protocol was developed and tested on a multicompartment phantom, 5 healthy subjects (mean age: 31.64 years), and 4 BT patients (mean age:39.5 years). Phantom and healthy subject longitudinal relaxation time (T1) maps were compared to those obtained using 2 reference methods. The 5 healthy subjects were scanned on 3T MRI scanners at 2 different sites and the reproducibility between scanners was assessed by computing Coefficients of Variance (COV) maps, performing Bland–Altman analysis and t-tests. Clinical feasibility was tested on 4 BT patients.

Results
T1 values obtained using the proposed mp-qMRI protocol agree with those obtained using the reference methods in volunteers (mean error = 8.94 ms). The qMRI maps (T1, T2*, H2O, and χ) of the volunteers showed good reproducibility between scanners with no significant differences for mean WM and GM qMRI values. WM and GM mean qMRI values agreed well with literature values. H2O gave the lowest COV and χ maps the highest.

Conclusion
The proposed vendor sequence-based 3T mp-qMRI protocol gives interpolated, high resolution (1 mm isotropic) T1, T2*, H2O, and χ maps in 8 min of acquisition.
Real-world outcomes of combined lenvatinib and anti-PD-1 in advanced melanoma: the Lenvamel study, a multicenter retrospective study of the French Group of Skin Cancers (Groupe de Cancérologie Cutanée)
Authors: Rousset Perrine , Nardin Charlée , Maubec Eve , Heidelberger Valentine , Picard Alexandra , Troin Laura , Gerard Emilie , Kramkimel Nora , Steff-Naud Maud , Quéreux Gaëlle , Gaudy-Marqueste Caroline , Lesage Candice , Mignard Claire , Jeudy Géraldine , Jouary Thomas , Saint-Jean Mélanie , Baroudjian Barouyr , Archier Elodie , Mortier Laurent , Lebbe Céleste , Montaudié Henri 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Currently, treatment options for patients with advanced melanoma who experience failed immunotherapy or targeted therapy are lacking. Recent studies suggest the antitumor activity of combined pembrolizumab and lenvatinib in patients with advanced melanoma progressing on immunotherapy. Herein, we report the clinical outcomes of combined lenvatinib and a programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitor (PD-1) in this population.

Materials and Methods
This French multicenter real-world study was conducted between September 2020 and July 2023. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR) according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (version 1.1). Secondary variables were treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and duration of response (DOR).

Results
Of the 67 patients included (median age, 69 years; median follow-up, 5.0 months), 85% had stage IV-M1c or M1d disease. The overall ORR was 28.4% (95% CI, 18%-41%), including 3 complete (4.5%) and 16 partial (23.9%) responses. Median DOR was 3.1 (interquartile range, 1.3-4.3) months. Median PFS and OS were 3.1 (95% CI, 2.5-3.7) and 9.8 (95% CI, 5.6-13.9) months, respectively. Grades 3-5 TRAEs occurred in 16 (24%) patients; common TRAEs were fatigue (43.3%), nausea/vomiting (26.8%), diarrhea (20.9%), and hypertension (20.9%). No treatment-related deaths occurred.

Conclusion
Our real-world study demonstrates an interesting response rate and acceptable safety profile in a population with poor prognostic factors. Our data support this treatment option for refractory melanoma, as it is not approved by the Food and Drug Administration or European Medicines Agency, and highlight the need for new strategies.
Role of Granisetron in Reducing Spinal Anesthesia Induced Hypotension during Cesarean Section
Authors: Ewais Bahaa El Deen , El Sayed Abdellatif Ayman Ahmad , Youssef Mohamed Shady Mahmoud 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Spinal anesthesia is the preferred method for elective cesarean sections due to considerable risks regarding airway management associated with physiological changes of pregnancy. Although it has been considered as a safe technique, spinal anesthesia has many side effects, including hypotension, bradycardia, nausea, and vomiting. Factors influencing the level and the intensity of block include the injected drug, the level of injection, the needle type, the patient position, and patient characteristics, such as age, height, weight, pregnancy, and spinal anatomy.

Objective
To evaluate the efficacy of different doses of granisetron, a 5-HT3 receptor inhibitors, on reducing the incidence of hypotension after subarachnoid block for cesarean section.

Patients and Methods
After obtaining approval from the Research Ethical Committee of Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, and written informed consent this study was conducted in the operating theatres of Ain Shams University Hospitals.

Results
In our study we compared the effect of different doses of granisetron in reducing the hypotension occurring as a result of spinal anesthesia in parturients undergoing elective LSCS. The result of the study showed that compared to placebo group, there was a reduction in the degree of hypotension in group who was pre-medicated with IV grainsetron, and this reduction was more with increasing the dose of granisetron.

Conclusion
IV granisetron can be used as a pre-medication to reduce spinal anesthesia induced hypotension in parturients undergoing elective lower section cesarean section.
Effect of Intraoperative Lung Recruitment and Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery on Postoperative Lung Functions: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Hamed Aboseif Aboseif Abdel , Elmohsen Bedewy Ahmed Abd , El-Khattab Amin Salwa Omar , Nafei Magdy Mohamed , Hammad Raafat Abdelazim 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Morbid obesity may cause a restrictive condition. general anesthesia (GA) and supine posture both result in a decrease in lung capacity and Functional residual capacity (FRC), encouraging the development of atelectasis, altering the ventilation/perfusion ratio and raising the pulmonary shunt. This study evaluated the impact of recruitment maneuver (RM) and Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block performed during laparoscopic bariatric surgery on spirometry, oxygenation, hemodynamic variables, opioid requirements and pain score assessed after surgery.

Methods
This pilot prospective randomized controlled study included 80 patients scheduled for elective laparoscopic bariatric surgeries (e.g., laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, and laparoscopic gastric bypass) under GA. Patients were divided into four equal groups. All patients had received standardized postoperative analgesia regimen, group I (control group), group II received TAP block after intubation and before surgical incision, group III received RM after intubation and after pneumoperitoneal exsufflation, and group IV received RM after intubation and after pneumoperitoneal exsufflation and TAP block after intubation and before surgical incision.

Results
Forced Vital Capacity “FVC”, Forced Expiratory Volume “FEV1” were found to be significantly higher after operation in group IV compared to other groups. FEV1/FVC was insignificantly different among the four groups before and after operation. Intraoperative PaO2, PaO2/FiO2 were significantly higher in group III and IV compared to other groups. Numerical rating scale (NRS) at 1, 2, 4, 6 and 12hr had significantly decreased in group II and IV compared to other groups. Heart rate (HR) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) were insignificantly different among the four groups. Morphine consumption was significantly lower in group II and IV compared to other groups.

Conclusions
TAP block combined with RM group exhibited better postoperative pulmonary function tests (PFTs). Intraoperative oxygenation was higher in RM groups. NRS and opioid consumption were lower in TAP groups in postoperative period.
A Comparative Study between Ultrasound Guided Ilioingunial/Iliohypogastric Nerve Block versus Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Patients Undergoing Unilateral Oblique Inguinal Hernia Repair
Authors: Mahmoud Mohamed Khaled , Kamel Gehan Fouad , Wahba Sherif Samir , Ahmed Adham Magdy 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Combined ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric (IIN/IHN) block and transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block are used under ultrasound (USG) visualization for postoperative pain control in patients undergoing unilateral inguinal hernia repair surgery.

Patients and Methods
This study compares USG-guided TAP versus IIN/IHN block for post-operative analgesia efficacy in adults undergoing inguinal hernia surgery, among 60 patients randomized into group A received IIN+IHN blocks by using levobupivacaine 0.25% 20 ml and group B received TAP block by using levobupivacaine 0.25% 20 ml after induction of general anesthesia.

Results
There is highly statistically significant increase mean of ilioinguinal /illiohypogastric block (II/IH) group compared to TAP block group according to time to rescue analgesia (min) (p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
USG-guided IIN/IHN block delays the need for rescue analgesia and reduces the postoperative analgesic requirement compared to USG-guided TAP block.
Ultra-Sound Guided Quadratus Lamborum Block Using Dexamethasone and Bupivacaine versus Dexmedetomidine and Bupivacaine for Post-Operative Analgesia after Labaroscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Ahmed Zaghloul Mohammed Ali , Abdel-Mageed Walid Mohammed , Ibraheem Mohamed , Fetouh Abbas Mohammed Abbas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The goal of postoperative pain management is provision of comfort, early mobilization and improved respiratory function without causing inadequate sedation and respiratory compromise, which can be achieved through using regional anethesia. Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block has been increasedly used for postoperative pain relief after lower abdominal surgeries. The main advantage of quadratus lumborum block (QLB) compared to TAP block is the extension of local anesthetic agent beyond the transversus abdominis plane to the thoracic paravertebral space. The wider spread of the local anesthetic agents may produce extensive analgesia and prolonged action of the injected local anesthetic solution.

Objective
To assess the analgesic effect of addition dexamethasone or Dexmedetomidine with bupivacaine in ultrasound-guided QLB to prolong it’s duration in patients undergoing laparscopic abdominal surgeries in the early postoperative period regarding pain relief, provision of comfort, and improved respiratory functions.

Patients and Methods
After approval of anesthesiology department scientific and ethical committees in Ain Shams University Hospitals, patients undergoing laparscopic abdominal surgeries were included in the study, and were divided into two groups (n = 10; each); group A and B . Where in group A patients(n = 10) received 20 ml bupivacaine 0.5% plus 100 μg Dexmedetomidine diluted in 5ml 0.9% NaCl (the total volume injected in all patients is 25 ml), and group B patients (n = 10) received 20 ml bupivacaine 0.25% plus 8 mg dexamethasone (2 ml) plus 3 ml 0.9% NaCl .

Results
The thesis proved that the addition of either Dexmedetomidine or dexamethasone to bupivacaine 0.25% in ultrasound guided QLB for laparscopic abdominal (cholecystectomy) surgeries hastened the onset, prolonged the duration of sensory block, increased post-operative analgesia and decreased rescue analgesia needed without increasing the risk of adverse effects, with Dexmedetomidine showing better results.

Conclusion
The addition of either 100 μg Dexmedetomidine diluted in 5 ml 0.9% NaCl or 8 mg dexamethasone to 20 ml bupivacaine 0.25% in ultrasound guided quadratus lumborum block for laparscopic abdominal surgery prolonged the duration of analgesia significantly and decreased the postoperative analgesic requirement. Hence, our study suggests that either Dexmedetomidine or dexamethasone may be a useful alternative as an adjuvant to long-acting local anesthetics for quadratus lumborum nerve block with Dexmedetomidine showing better results.
Comparative Study of Morphine, Fentanyl or Nalbuphine Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) for Mucositis Pain in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Cancer Therapy. A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed Ibrahim , Shams Manal Kamal , Akl Diaa Abdelkhalek , Abd-Elmaksoud Iman Shawky , Ghobrial Hossam Zarif , Hanalla Masoud Hany Guirguis 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Cancer treatment may cause several side effects, including severe oral mucositis (SOM). Oral mucositis is an inflammation of the oral mucosa that causes severe pain and ulceration. Children and adolescents are more prone to develop chemotherapy-induced SOM. Opiates have been the cornerstone of pain management for moderate to severe oral mucositis. The effective use of opiates requires balancing the desired effects of pain relief with undesired adverse effects

Aim of the Work
We evaluated the efficacy and safety of Nalbuphine (agonist – antagonist) in comparison with the pure agonist opioids (Morphine and Fentanyl) when used for oral mucositis pain in pediatric patients undergoing cancer therapy. Primary outcomes measures were Pain intensity self- assessment by using VAS, Number of active and total pushes of PCA buttons, Total opioid consumptions for each patient, and Patient satisfaction at the end of the 7 days using Patient Satisfaction Score PSS were assessed using a linear scale where 0 = very satisfied; 10 = very dissatisfied. Secondary outcomes measures were Adverse events including Respiratory depression, Bradycardia, Hypotension, Over sedation, Nausea and vomiting, Pruritus, Urinary retention.

Patients and Methods
This was a Randomized Clinical Trial conducted on 90 Pediatric patients who were diagnosed with cancer, admitted to Children Cancer Hospital -Egypt (CCHE-57357) and underwent cancer therapy that was complicated with Mucositis grade 3 and 4 (severe oral mucositis) according to the WHO scale for oral mucositis. Patients were randomly allocated into 3 equal groups each included 30 patients using of: PCA Morphine (Group M), PCA Nalbuphine (Group N) and PCA Fentanyl (Group F). Using equipotent doses of the three medications.

Results
Highly significant decrease in VAS score (7th day) and total opioid consumption (7th day), in Nalbuphine and Morphine groups; compared to Fentanyl group (p &lt; 0.01 respectively). Significant increase in patient satisfaction score PSS in Nalbuphine drug group; compared to other drug groups (p = 0.032). Highly significant decrease in serious side effects (especially respiratory depression and sedation problems), in Nalbuphine and Morphine groups; compared to Fentanyl group (p = 0.0004).

Conclusion
Nalbuphine proven to be adequately effective, not inferior to Morphine in terms of improving pain relief, decreasing opioid consumptions in pediatric PCA users. However patients reported less satisfaction with Nalbuphine than Fentanyl or Morphine. In terms of safety profile, Nalbuphine had less adverse effects in pediatric patients with oral mucositis related to cancer therapy in comparison to Fentanyl or morphine.
Screening for Cardiac Abnormalities in Asymptomatic Patients Undergoing low to Intermediate Risk Non-Cardiac Surgery
Authors: El-Sayed Ahmed , Ibrahim Ahmed , Mohamed Hazem , Rayan Mona 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Perioperative cardiovascular complications are the predominant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing non cardiac surgery. Major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications, including death, myocardial infarction or stroke, occur in approximately 1 of every 33 hospitalizations for non-cardiac surgery.

Objective
To uncover hidden cardiac problems that may cause complications during and after non- cardiac major surgery.

Patients and Methods
This observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 asymptomatic patients coming to Ain Shams University Hospitals and police hospitals clinics for preoperative assessment to undergo low to intermediate risk non cardiac surgery.

Results
most of the study group were males (68%) with a mean age of 47 years. Diabetes and hypertension were found in 45% and 41% of patients respectively. Most patients had GIT operations (34%) followed by cataract extraction (14%), orthopedic operation was done in 11% of patients. clinical examination was normal in 98% of patients with 2% had AF and systolic murmur. Significantly abnormal ECG was found in 10% of patients. Preoperative significantly abnormal TTE was detected in 9% of patients. post-operative cardiovascular complications occurred in 7% of patients who had completely normal preoperative clinical, ECG and echocardiographic data. Most of these patients had orthopedic operations and hysterectomy.

Conclusion
The clinical and predictive value of routine preoperative ECG and echocardiography for major cardiac adverse events is limited especially in low-risk patients groups undergoing low to intermediate risk operations. However, it helps uncovering of hidden conditions that alter patient's plan of treatment. The type of surgery was an important factor for the occurrence of post-operative complications.
Role of Serum Progranulin as a Biological Marker in SLE Patients
Authors: Zeitoun Yasser Ahmed , Soliman Dina Ahmed , Gamal Dalia Mohamed , Attia Mirette Eskander , Wahba Nancy Samir 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease caused by the disorders of immune regulation. In the past few years, increasing evidence has shown that progranulin (PGRN) is an immunomodulatory protein that is upregulated in SLE patients. Progranulinmay be involved in the pathogenesis of SLE, so, it might be a marker for disease activity.

Objectives
This work aimed to investigate the clinical significance of PGRN in patients with SLE regarding its role in pathogenesis and its relation to clinical manifestations and disease activity.

Subjects and Methods
This case-control study was conducted on 50 SLE patients classified according to the 2019 European League Against Rheumatism and the American College of Rheumatology (2019 EULAR/ACR), and were subdivided according to SLE Disease Activity Index-2000 (SLEDAI-2K) score into 25 patients with low disease activity (LDA) and 25 with high disease activity (HDA), in addition to 20 patients with autoimmune diseases other than SLE, and 20 healthy adults as a control group. We measured concentrations of serum PGRN with quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in all studied participants. We assessed the correlation between the serum PGRN levels and different laboratory parameters, clinical symptoms and established disease-activity indices.

Results
Serum PGRN levels were significantly higher in SLE patients than healthy controls as well as when compared to the group of patients with autoimmune diseases other than SLE. They also significantly correlated with values of laboratory assays and clinical parameters such as ESR, 24 hours urine protein, SLEDAI-2kscore, and total damage scores; and inversely correlated with C3, C4 and Hb concentrations.

Conclusion
Serum PGRN could be a useful biomarker for disease activity of SLE.