bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumour‐Infiltrating FoxP3+ and IL‐17‐Producing T Cells Affect the Progression and Prognosis of Gallbladder Carcinoma after Surgery
Authors: Zhang Y. , Huang Y. , Qin M. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractTumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been found to play crucial roles in a series of cancers. However, the impact of these cells on gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) remains poorly understood. In this study, we examined infiltrating FoxP3+, IL‐17+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells by immunohistochemistry in specimens of 104 patients with GBC and evaluated the association of these cells with clinicopathological features and prognosis. The number of FoxP3+ cells was increased in a stepwise manner from CC to GA and GBC (GA versus CC, P = 0.036; early GBC versus GA, P = 0.032; advanced versus early GBC, P = 0.025). Both intratumoral FoxP3+ and IL‐17+ cells correlated with nodal metastasis and TNM stage. Additionally, there were more infiltrating FoxP3+ cells in specimens with distant metastasis (P = 0.014). The group with high FoxP3+ cells showed poor overall survival (OS, P < 0.001) and disease‐free survival (DFS, P < 0.001), and high infiltration of IL‐17‐producing cells was also a predictor of poor OS (P = 0.024). Multivariate analysis revealed that the presence of intratumoral FoxP3+ cells was an independent prognostic indicator for poor DFS (P < 0.01). In summary, these findings indicate that FoxP3+ and IL‐17+ cells cooperatively facilitate pathogenesis and progression of GBC and show prognostic significance for OS or DFS.
Frameless stereotactic radiosurgery for the treatment of primary intracranial tumours in dogs
Authors: Mariani C. L. , Schubert T. A. , House R. A. , Wong M. A. , Hopkins A. L. , Barnes Heller H. L. , Milner R. J. , Lester N. V. , Lurie D. M. , Rajon D. A. , Friedman W. A. , Bova F. J. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractStereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a procedure that delivers a single large radiation dose to a well‐defined target. Here, we describe a framelessSRStechnique suitable for intracranial targets in canines. Medical records of dogs diagnosed with a primary intracranial tumour by imaging or histopathology that underwentSRSwere retrospectively reviewed. FramelessSRSwas used successfully to treat tumours in 51 dogs with a variety of head sizes and shapes. Tumours diagnosed included 38 meningiomas, 4 pituitary tumours, 4 trigeminal nerve tumours, 3 gliomas, 1 histiocytic sarcoma and 1 choroid plexus tumour. Median survival time was 399 days for all tumours and for dogs with meningiomas; cause‐specific survival was 493 days for both cohorts. Acute gradeIIIcentral nervous system toxicity (altered mentation) occurred in two dogs. FramelessSRSresulted in survival times comparable to conventional radiation therapy, but with fewer acute adverse effects and only a single anaesthetic episode required for therapy.
On the Kohnen plus space for Hilbert modular forms of half-integral weight I
Authors: Hiraga Kaoru , Ikeda Tamotsu 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIn this paper, we construct a generalization of the Kohnen plus space for Hilbert modular forms of half-integral weight. The Kohnen plus space can be characterized by the eigenspace of a certain Hecke operator. It can be also characterized by the behavior of the Fourier coefficients. For example, in the parallel weight case, a modular form of weight $\kappa + (1/ 2)$ with $\xi \mathrm{th} $ Fourier coefficient $c(\xi )$ belongs to the Kohnen plus space if and only if $c(\xi )= 0$ unless $\mathop{(- 1)}\nolimits ^{\kappa } \xi $ is congruent to a square modulo $4$. The Kohnen subspace is isomorphic to a certain space of Jacobi forms. We also prove a generalization of the Kohnen–Zagier formula.
Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus subtilis Phage φ105
Authors: Zeigler Daniel R. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

A complete 39,318-bp genome sequence containing 52 coding sequences has been determined for the
Bacillus subtilis
temperate phage φ105. In a lysogen,
B. subtilis
strain 1L32, the φ105 prophage interrupts the
radC
locus, a part of the competence-induced ComK regulon.
Draft Genome Sequence of Streptococcus equi subsp.
zooepidemicus
Strain S31A1, Isolated from Equine Infectious Endometritis
Authors: da Piedade Isabelle , Skive Bolette , Christensen Henrik , Bojesen Anders Miki 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

We present the draft genome sequence of
Streptococcus equi
subsp.
zooepidemicus
S31A1, a strain isolated from equine infectious endometritis in Denmark. Comparative analyses of this genome were done with four published reference genomes:
S. zooepidemicus
strains MGCS10565, ATCC 35246, and H70 and
S. equi
subsp.
equi
strain 4047.
Whole-Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium abscessus Clinical Strain V06705
Authors: Pang Stanley , Renvoisé Aurélie , Perret Claire , Guinier Marie , Chelghoum Nadjim , Brossier Florence , Capton Estelle , Jarlier Vincent , Sougakoff Wladimir 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

Infection caused by
Mycobacterium abscessus
strains is a growing cause of concern in both community-acquired and health care-associated diseases, as these organisms naturally display multiple drug resistances. We report an annotated draft genome sequence of
M. abscessus
strain V06705 obtained from a patient in France.
Initial validation of the International Crowding Measure in Emergency Departments (ICMED) to measure emergency department crowding
Authors: Boyle Adrian , Coleman James , Sultan Yasmin , Dhakshinamoorthy Vijayasankar , O'Keeffe Jacqueline , Raut Pramin , Beniuk Kathleen 
Published: September 2013

IntroductionEmergency department (ED) crowding is recognised as a major public health problem. While there is agreement that ED crowding harms patients, there is less agreement about the best way to measure ED crowding. We have previously derived an eight-point measure of ED crowding by a formal consensus process, the International Crowding Measure in Emergency Departments (ICMED). We aimed to test the feasibility of collecting this measure in real time and to partially validate this measure.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in four EDs in England. We conducted independent observations of the measure and compared these with senior clinician's perceptions of crowding and safety.ResultsWe obtained 84 measurements spread evenly across the four EDs. The measure was feasible to collect in real time except for the ‘Left Before Being Seen’ variable. Increasing numbers of violations of the measure were associated with increasing clinician concerns. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.80 (95% CI 0.72 to 0.90) for predicting crowding and 0.74 (95% CI 0.60 to 0.89) for predicting danger. The optimal number of violations for predicting crowding was three, with a sensitivity of 91.2 (95% CI 85.1 to 97.2) and a specificity of 100.0 (92.9–100). The measure predicted clinician concerns better than individual variables such as occupancy.DiscussionThe ICMED can easily be collected in multiple EDs with different information technology systems. The ICMED seems to predict clinician's concerns about crowding and safety well, but future work is required to validate this before it can be advocated for widespread use.
Erythropoietin Activates Cell Survival Pathways in Breast Cancer Stem–like Cells to Protect Them from Chemotherapy
Authors: Todaro Matilde , Turdo Alice , Bartucci Monica , Iovino Flora , Dattilo Rosanna , Biffoni Marco , Stassi Giorgio , Federici Giulia , De Maria Ruggero , Zeuner Ann 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Recombinant erythropoietin (EPO) analogs [erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA)] are clinically used to treat anemia in patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy. After clinical trials reporting increased adverse events and/or reduced survival in ESA-treated patients, concerns have been raised about the potential role of ESAs in promoting tumor progression, possibly through tumor cell stimulation. However, evidence is lacking on the ability of EPO to directly affect cancer stem–like cells, which are thought to be responsible for tumor progression and relapse. We found that breast cancer stem–like cells (BCSC) isolated from patient tumors express the EPO receptor and respond to EPO treatment with increased proliferation and self-renewal. Importantly, EPO stimulation increased BCSC resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and activated cellular pathways responsible for survival and drug resistance. Specifically, the Akt and ERK pathways were activated in BCSC at early time points following EPO treatment, whereas Bcl-xL levels increased at later times. In vivo, EPO administration counteracted the effects of chemotherapeutic agents on BCSC-derived orthotopic tumor xenografts and promoted metastatic progression both in the presence and in the absence of chemotherapy treatment. Altogether, these results indicate that EPO acts directly on BCSC by activating specific survival pathways, resulting in BCSC protection from chemotherapy and enhanced tumor progression. Cancer Res; 73(21); 6393–400. ©2013 AACR.
Impact of Treatment Exposures on Cardiovascular Risk and Insulin Resistance in Childhood Cancer Survivors
Authors: Baker K. Scott , Chow Eric J. , Goodman Pamela J. , Leisenring Wendy M. , Dietz Andrew C. , Perkins Joanna L. , Chow Lisa , Sinaiko Alan , Moran Antoinette , Petryk Anna , Steinberger Julia 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Background: Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are more insulin resistant and have higher levels of several cardiovascular risk factors even while still children. This study examines specific treatment exposures associated with cardiovascular risk factors and insulin resistance.
Methods: CCS of ages 9 to 18 years at study entry and in remission 5 years or more from diagnosis (n = 319) and 208 sibling controls were recruited into this cross-sectional study that included physiologic assessment of insulin resistance (hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp) and assessment of cardiovascular risk factors. Regression and recursive tree modeling were used to ascertain treatment combinations associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk.
Results: Mean current age of CCS was 14.5 years and 54% were male (siblings 13.6 years, 54% male). Diagnoses included leukemia (35%), brain tumors (36%), solid tumors (33%), or lymphoma (6%). Among CCS, analysis of individual chemotherapy agents failed to find associations with cardiovascular risk factors or insulin resistance. Compared with siblings, insulin resistance was significantly higher in CCS who received platinum plus cranial radiotherapy (CRT, 92% brain tumors) and in those who received steroids but no platinum (majority leukemia). Insulin resistance did not differ between CCS who received surgery alone versus siblings. Within survivor comparisons failed to elucidate treatment combinations that increased insulin resistance compared with those who received surgery only.
Conclusions: Exposure to platinum, CRT, or steroids is associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk factors and should be taken into consideration in the development of screening recommendations for cardiovascular risk.
Impact: Earlier identification of CCS who may benefit from targeted prevention efforts may reduce their future risk of cardiovascular disease. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 22(11); 1954–63. ©2013 AACR.
Risk of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma and Polymorphisms within the Susceptibility Cancer Region 8q24
Authors: Cipollini Monica , Figlioli Gisella , Garritano Sonia , Bramante Simona , Maiorano Loredana , Gnudi Federica , Cecchini Alice , De Paola Francesca , Damicis Lucia , Frixa Tania , Landi Debora , Cancemi Lisa , De Santi Chiara , Melaiu Ombretta , Foddis Rudy , Cristaudo Alfonso , Bonotti Alessandra , Romei Cristina , Elisei Rossella , Pellegrini Giovanni , Barale Roberto , Gemignani Federica , Landi Stefano 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Background: Genome-wide association studies have shown that the 8q24 region harbours multiple independent cancer susceptibility loci and it was also defined as the “susceptibility cancer region.” Thus, it could be hypothesized that genetic variants within this region could play a role in the risk of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC).
Methods: Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms within 8q24 were analyzed, previously associated with the risk of cancer (i.e., rs6983267, rs1447295, rs10808556, rs7000448, rs13254738, and rs13281615) in a population of 1,250 patients affected by DTC and 1,250 controls from Central and Southern Italy.
Results: A strong association between smoking habit and risk of DTC was found [OR, 1.63; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.39–1.91; P &lt; 10−6]. The polymorphisms rs10808556 and rs1447295 showed an association with the risk of DTC (the strongest were the heterozygotes with OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.13–1.68 and OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.02–1.78, respectively), but, overall, they were unable to reach the statistically significant threshold following Bonferroni's correction.
Conclusions: Present study suggested a limited involvement of polymorphisms within 8q24 region in relation to the risk of DTC in Central and Southern Italians.
Impact: The exclusion of a relationship between DTC and 8q24 among Italians further highlights the tissue-specificity of this chromosomal segment in relation to human cancer and stresses the importance of other population-specific cofactors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 22(11); 2121–5. ©2013 AACR.
Anti–Human Neutrophil Antigen-3a Induced Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury in Mice by Direct Disturbance of Lung Endothelial Cells
Authors: Bayat Behnaz , Tjahjono Yudy , Sydykov Akylbek , Werth Silke , Hippenstiel Stefan , Weissmann Nobert , Sachs Ulrich J. , Santoso Sentot 
Published: September 2013

Objective—
Antibodies against human neutrophil antigen-3a (HNA-3a) located on choline transporter-like protein 2 induce severe transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI). This study aims to identify the mechanism implicated in anti–HNA-3a-mediated TRALI.

Approach and Results—

Our analysis shows that anti–HNA-3a recognizes 2 choline transporter-like protein 2 isoforms (P1 and P2) on human microvascular endothelial cells from lung blood vessels but reacts only with the P1 isoform on neutrophils. Direct treatment of HNA-3a–positive endothelial cells with anti–HNA-3a, but not with anti–HNA-3b, leads to reactive oxygen species production, increased albumin influx, and decreased endothelial resistance associated with the formation of actin stress filaments and loosening of junctional vascular endothelium-cadherin. In a novel in vivo mouse model, TRALI was documented by significant increase in lung water content, albumin concentration, and neutrophil numbers in the bronchoalveolar lavage on injection of human anti–HNA-3a in lipopolysaccharides-treated, as well as nontreated mice. Interestingly, although neutrophil depletion alleviated severity of lung injury, it failed to prevent TRALI in this model. Infusion of anti–HNA-3a F(ab′)
2
fragments caused moderate TRALI. Finally, mice lacking nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX2

y/
-

) were protected from anti–HNA-3a-mediated TRALI.

Conclusions—
These data demonstrate the initiation of endothelial barrier dysfunction in vitro and in vivo by direct binding of anti–HNA-3a on endothelial cells. It seems, however, that the presence of neutrophils aggravates barrier dysfunction. This novel mechanism of TRALI primarily mediated by endothelial cell dysfunction via choline transporter-like protein 2 may help to define new treatment strategies to decrease TRALI-related mortality.
Downregulation of Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor Axis During HIV-1 and Cocaine-Mediated Pulmonary Smooth Muscle Hyperplasia
Authors: Dalvi Pranjali , O’Brien-Ladner Amy , Dhillon Navneet K. 
Published: September 2013

Objective—
Our previous findings support an additive effect of cocaine to HIV infection in the development of pulmonary arteriopathy through enhanced proliferation of human pulmonary smooth muscle cells. We now examined the role of antiproliferative bone morphogenetic protein receptor (BMPR) axis in HIV protein and cocaine-mediated pulmonary smooth muscle hyperplasia.

Approach and Results—
Stimulation of BMPR axis resulted in attenuation of synergistic increase in the proliferation of human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells in response to cocaine and HIV protein, transactivator of transcription (Tat). Interestingly, an increase in mRNA but decrease in protein levels of BMPR with correlated decrease in the activation of Sma- and MAD-related family protein 1/5/8 and Id1 gene expression was observed on combined treatment with cocaine and Tat when compared with the untreated cells at all time points tested. Although longer exposure to either cocaine or Tat alone also resulted in a significant decrease in the BMPR protein expression, the abrogation on combined treatment was still significantly more when compared with that of the monotreatments. Significant increase in mRNA but downmodulation of BMPR protein expression was also observed in the lung extracts from HIV-infected intravenous drug users (HIV+IVDU) when compared with that from HIV-infected non-IVDUs (HIV) or uninfected IVDUs (IVDU). Furthermore, significant decrease in BMPR protein expression was also observed in HIV or IVDUs when compared with normal controls that correlated with in vitro findings on chronic exposure to cocaine or HIV protein alone.

Conclusions—
Simultaneous exposure of pulmonary smooth muscle cells to viral protein(s) and cocaine exacerbates downregulation of BMPR axis that may result in enhanced pulmonary vasculature aberrations in HIV+IVDUs.
Human Complement Factor H Is a Reductase for Large Soluble von Willebrand Factor Multimers—Brief Report
Authors: Nolasco Leticia , Nolasco Jennifer , Feng Shuju , Afshar-Kharghan Vahid , Moake Joel 
Published: September 2013

Objective—
Ultralarge von Willebrand factor (vWF) strings are secreted by, and anchored to, stimulated human endothelial cells. A disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin domains-type 13 cleaves the ultralarge vWF strings into large soluble vWF multimers. Normal plasma contains a nonproteolytic reducing activity that subsequently rapidly diminishes the size of the large soluble vWF multimers.

Approach and Results—
The vWF reductase activity was isolated from normal cryoprecipitate-poor plasma by chromatography and identified as the complement regulatory protein, factor H (FH), by mass spectroscopy, SDS-PAGE, and monospecific anti-FH antibody. Removal of FH from partially purified vWF reductase by immunoabsorption eliminated the reducing activity, and the activity was recovered in the eluates. Recombinant human FH reduced large soluble vWF multimers in a free thiol-dependent reaction that was not inhibited by a variety of protease inhibitors.

Conclusions—
FH contributes to the reduction of large soluble vWF multimers.
Apolipoprotein E, Statins, and Risk of Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Woo Daniel , Deka Ranjan , Falcone Guido J. , Flaherty Matthew L. , Haverbusch Mary , Martini Sharyl R. , Greenberg Steven M. , Ayres Alison M. , Sauerbeck Laura , Kissela Brett M. , Kleindorfer Dawn O. , Moomaw Charles J. , Anderson Christopher D. , Broderick Joseph P. , Rosand Jonathan , Langefeld Carl D. , Woo Jessica G. 
Published: September 2013

Background and Purpose—

Apolipoprotein E (
ApoE
) genotypes have been associated with lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Although statins have been associated with an increased risk of ICH, meta-analyses have not consistently shown a statin-induced risk of ICH. Here, we test whether hypercholesterolemia (HC) and
ApoE
polymorphisms affect the risk of ICH by statin use.

Methods—

The Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Hemorrhagic Stroke (GERFHS) study is a prospective, demographically matched case–control study of ICH. A similar study of ICH, Genetic Risks for Medication-Related Hemorrhagic Stroke (GOCHA), was used as a replication cohort. Subjects were classified as normocholesterolemia, HC without statin use, and HC with statin use. Statistical comparisons were performed using Fisher exact test, χ
2
tests, and the Breslow–Day test.

Results—

The discovery cohort consisted of 558 ICH cases and 1444 controls, and the replication cohort consisted of 1020 ICH cases and 382 controls. The association of lower risk for HC was not attenuated by statin use. Statin use was observed to confer a higher risk for lobar ICH in those carrying
ApoE4/E4
and
ApoE2/E4
genotypes in both discovery and replication cohorts, and a test for interaction showed a trend towards significance (
P
=0.11 for statin and
ApoE4/E4
).

Conclusions—
Statin use does not seem to attenuate the association of HC with decreased risk for nonlobar ICH. Our data support a gene-by-drug effect for lobar ICH, but larger sample sizes are needed to confirm the association before any clinical change is warranted.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00930280.
Meanders and Eddies from Topographic Transformation of Coastal-Trapped Waves
Authors: Rodney J. T. , Johnson E. R. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
This paper describes how topographic variations can transform a small-amplitude, linear, coastal-trapped wave (CTW) into a nonlinear wave or an eddy train. The dispersion relation for CTWs depends on the slope of the shelf. Provided the cross-shelf slope varies sufficiently slowly along the shelf, the local structure of the CTW adapts to the local geometry and the wave transformation can be analyzed by the Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin–Jeffreys (WKBJ) method. Two regions of parameter space are straightforward: adiabatic transmission (where, at the incident wave frequency, a long wave exists everywhere along the shelf) and short-wave reflection (where somewhere on the shelf no long wave exists at the incident frequency, but the stratification is sufficiently weak that a short reflected wave can coexist with the incident wave). This paper gives the solutions for these two cases but concentrates on a third parameter regime, which includes all sufficiently strongly stratified flows, where neither of these behaviors is possible and the WKBJ method fails irrespective of how slowly the topography changes. Fully nonlinear integrations of the equation for the advection of the bottom boundary potential vorticity show that the incident wave in this third parameter regime transforms into a nonlinear wave when topographic variations are gradual or into an eddy train when the changes are abrupt.
The role played by the judicial review in good governance processes linked to decentralization: the case of Togo
Authors: Pagnou Sasso 
Published: September 2013

Judicial review of local authorities’ actions is necessary for the success of the process of decentralization as it allows conciliation of the principle of legality and the principle of free administration as elements of good governance. The judicial review joins thus a general movement of transformations aiming to strengthen democracy and the efficiency of public actions. It is then necessary to give to this control a definition adapted to this general context, an operating definition letting appear institutional reforms that must join this general movement of transformations. Points for practitioners The process of decentralization which started a few years ago in Togo, in the framework of the establishment of good governance, cannot be realized in the absence of guarantees for respect of the law on decentralization, in particular of the new repartition of the competences the law introduces. These guarantees are offered by the control of legality which is a process during which the representative of the state verifies the conformity of the acts carried out by the local authorities. In the Togolese context, the modalities of this control are recommended in function of institutional reforms which necessarily accompany this process.