bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Lipid Production of Rhodosporidium toruloides from
Various Substrates
Authors: Shakib Pegah , Sadeghi Dastgerdi Zohreh , Sadri Irani Zahra , Madani Mahboobeh 
Published: August 2024

Background and Aim:
In recent years, bioenergy has received a lot of attention from a
technical point of view due to its ability to use reversible resources and its applicability
worldwide. Biodiesel is a non-toxic, safe, renewable, and degradable fuel that is obtained from
natural sources, such as vegetable oils, food waste oils, animal fats, algae, and microorganisms.
This study aimed to optimize the lipid production of Rhodosporidium toruloides as a biofuel from
different substrates.

Materials and Methods:
In this experimental laboratory study, after lipid extraction from
Rhodosporidium toruloides CECT1137, cell biomass, nitrogen, and sugar consumption were
measured according to the Bly and Dyer method. Then, using gas chromatography, the produced
lipid compounds were identified, and lipid production was optimized by the one-factor method
(type of nitrogen source and KH2PO4) and the Taguchi method (carbon and nitrogen source,
temperature, pH, centrifuge, and time). Finally, the feasibility of mutation was investigated using
UV to optimize lipid production.

Results:
The amount of lipid produced by Rhodosporidium toruloides was 4.95 g/l, which, after
optimization by the Taguchi method, reached 8.54 g/l. Cell biomass, residual nitrogen, and
consumed sugar were measured as 14.05, 0.19, and 28.85 g/l, respectively. Optimal production
conditions were estimated by Taguchi, including 80 g/l carbon source, 1 g/l nitrogen source, 25 °
C, pH = 5.5, centrifuge at 180 rpm, and 96 hours. Most lipids produced were oleic acid and
palmitic acid. Lipid production increased after UV exposure.

Conclusion:
The results showed that Rhodosporidium toruloides can accumulate a significant
amount of lipid in its cells and can be a good alternative to plants and other sources of fuel
production.
Development of Ionic Polymer Membrane Based on PVDF for Capacitor Application
Authors: Kukreti Kamlesh , Panwar Varij 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
This patent article emphasizes the importance of sustainable materials in
energy storage research. These ionic polymer blends show potential as eco-friendly alternatives for
practical energy storage systems. We synthesized three distinct compositions of ionic polymer blends
(25/15/60, 30/15/55, and 35/15/60) using solution casting techniques. Our focus was on PVDF, PVP,
and PVSA—ionic polymers that offer environmental advantages over traditional materials.

Objective:
To address these issues, we propose the use of ionic polymer membranes. By reducing the
demand for synthetic plastics, these membranes contribute to pollution reduction. Moreover, they
offer economic and environmental benefits. Ionic polymers can also help limit carbon dioxide emissions.

Method:
In our study, we created a blend of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylpyrrolidone
(PVP), and polyvinyl sulfonic acid (PVSA). This blend was used to fabricate an ionic membrane
through the solvent casting method. The resulting membrane acts as a successful dielectric material,
sandwiched between copper electrodes. We conducted extensive characterization, including microstructure
analysis, crystal structure examination, identification of functional groups, and thermal
behavior assessment.

Conclusion:
Our investigation included electrical current density measurements using cyclic voltammetry,
elemental composition analysis, morphological studies, and material composition assessments.

Results:
Our findings demonstrate the potential of ionic polymer membranes for capacitor applications.
By varying the composition of PVDF/PVP/PVSA, we explored different dielectric properties.
Notably, the ionic polymer electrolyte can serve as an effective dielectric material, with copper electrodes
providing a practical application.

Conclusion:
Our investigation included electrical current density measurements using cyclic voltammetry,
elemental composition analysis, morphological studies, and material composition assessments.
Role of Herbal Medicines in the Treatment of Infectious Diseases
Authors: Chaughule Ramesh S. , Barve Rajesh S. 
Published: August 2024

Herbal medicines have helped to cure illness because the practice has
continued for generations. Multiple alkaloids/compounds that occur naturally (as
against single extracts) exhibit synergistic action and do not show antidote action. This
naturally occurring combination of compounds exhibits antiviral, antibacterial,
antiprotozoal, and antioxidant actions. The cases related to viral, protozoal, and
bacterial infections were selected. Patients with amoebiasis, e-coli, gastrointestinal
infection, skin and urinary tract infections were treated using herbal drugs. Diagnoses
were confirmed with investigations. Repeated investigations were carried out to
confirm the improvement.
Most herbal medicines do not exhibit serious side effects and are safe to prescribe,
showing greater acceptability. Thus, due to their cost effectiveness, these medicines are
in great demand for primary health care for better cultural acceptability and minimal
side effects.
Cases varying from COVID 19 to gastrointestinal infection, viral diseases, and skin and
wound infections are being treated effectively with herbal drugs.
Export as a driver of the development of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation
Authors: Polunina N. Yu. 
Published: August 2024

Relevance. The implementation of the export potential of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation is largely related to the concentration on priority supply areas, peculiar drivers of growth in the export of agroindustrial complex products. The relevance of the article is based on the identification and assessment of product drivers of export growth (exporting firms) in 2023.The purpose of the study is to analyze the export of agricultural products of the Russian Federation.Objectives. This goal was achieved by solving the following tasks: analyzing the volume of exports of products of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation within the framework of the National Project "International Cooperation and Export" and the annual minimum permissible effectiveness of export support measures in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation under the FP "Export of agro-industrial complex" in 2021-2023; evaluation of food drivers of export growth (exporting firms) in 2023 wheat, barley, corn, peas, lamb, pork milk powder.Methodology. The work used well-known methods of economic research: systemic analysis, comparison, generalization, interpretation of results and other general scientific methods. In the process of research, the systematization of statistical data, scientific publications of scientists on the topic of the presented work was carried out.Results. The analysis of the export of agricultural products of the Russian Federation was carried out and the assessment of the product drivers of export growth (exporting firms) in 2023 was given: wheat, barley, corn, peas, lamb, pork, milk powder.Conclusions. The main idea of the article is that it is exports that are the key driver of growth in the production of agricultural products of the Russian Federation. An important condition for the development of exports in our country is the opening of new markets, which is happening by 2024, access was obtained to more than 90 countries in 236 types of agricultural products. In addition, the number of enterprises certified for export is growing every year.
Trends in the development of the financial system during the economic crisis
Authors: Vaganova O. V. , Melnikova N. S. , Bykanova N. I. , Savitskaya A. S. , Borisovskaya P. V. 
Published: August 2024

Relevance. Due to the relevance of the problem under consideration in modern conditions, when the world is characterized by global financial instability and geo-economic fragmentation, the study of the characteristics of the functioning of the financial system during periods of various financial crises is of particular importance and can contribute to their better understanding.The purpose of the study is to identify trends in the development of the financial system in conditions of the economic crisis.Objectives: In accordance with the goal, the following tasks are predetermined and require solutions: to analyze the impact of global financial crises on the state of the financial system; based on the characteristics of the crises of 1990–1991, 2007–2008, 2020 and 2022 obtained as a result of the analysis, identify patterns of their occurrence and course, compare these crises; justify the findings.Methodology. The article uses general scientific methods of study/cognition, logical-comparative method, cause-and-effect analysis, as well as graphical and tabular methods of reflecting research results.Results. The article examines the impact of global financial crises on the state of the financial system. Based on an analysis of the characteristics of the crises of 1990–1991, 2007–2008, 2020 and 2022, patterns of their occurrence and course were identified. The result of the study is a comparative table of the financial crises of 2008 and 2020, as well as 2020 and 2022. It has been established that the analyzed financial crises, despite significant differences, also have certain similar features.Conclusions. The author's conclusions obtained can be used to predict the development of the financial system and develop Russian public policy in terms of justifying preventive measures to reduce the risks of future crises.
Impact of Weekly Community-Based Dance Training Over 8 Months on Depression and Blood Oxygen Level–Dependent Signals in the Subcallosal Cingulate Gyrus for People With Parkinson Disease: Observational Study
Authors: Bearss Karolina A , Barnstaple Rebecca E , Bar Rachel J , DeSouza Joseph F X 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Dance has emerged as a complementary treatment that may promote adaptive neural plasticity while improving symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD), such as balance, gait, posture, and walking. Understanding brain changes that arise from participation in dance interventions is important as these neural plastic changes play an important role in protecting and healing the brain. Although dance has been shown to improve PD motor and nonmotor symptoms, the neural mechanisms underlying these changes, specifically depression and mood, remain elusive. Further, many side effects of PD drug treatments can be exacerbated or even induced by dopaminergic drugs, particularly depression and anxiety, making these nonmotor symptoms more noticeable throughout the progression of the disease.

Objective
In this study, we focused on the impact of dance interventions on PD nonmotor symptoms by conducting an 8-month observational study, tracking the relationship between depression scores and functional neuroimaging measures for people with PD.

Methods
A total of 34 dancers—23 (68%) people with PD and 11 (32%) healthy controls—completed the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) before and after attending weekly community-based dance classes, referred to as Dance for PD classes. Specifically, we examined changes within the functional magnetic resonance imaging signal from the subcallosal cingulate gyrus (SCG), an important node within the depression network and a controversial target for deep brain stimulation in the treatment of major depressive disorder.

Results
Depression scores on the GDS decreased in each preintervention to postintervention comparison (all P<.025). In addition, GDS scores also improved over the 8-month dance period (all P<.01). Blood oxygen level–dependent signals from frontal cortex brain region implicated for emotional regulation within the SCG decreased at each testing time point (all P<.05). Also, a significant decrease in depression scores (GDS) was correlated with reduced blood oxygen level–dependent signals from the SCG (P=.02).

Conclusions
This study contributes to an improved understanding of the neural mechanisms that are involved in depression, as well as the beneficial contribution that longitudinal dance interventions have in reducing nonmotor symptoms associated with PD, particularly in depression symptoms.
Perspectives of Children and Adolescents on Engaging With a Web-Based Mental Health Program: Focus Group Study
Authors: Cahill Christopher , Connolly Jennifer , Appleton Shelley , White Melanie Jade 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Despite accessibility and clinical benefits, open access trials of self-guided digital health interventions (DHIs) for young people have been plagued by high drop-out rates, with some DHIs recording completion rates of less than 3%.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore how young people motivate themselves to complete an unpleasant task and to explore perceived motivators and demotivators for engaging with a DHI.

Methods
In this qualitative research study, 30 children and adolescents aged between 7 and 17 years were recruited to participate in 7 focus groups conducted over a 3-month period. Focus group activities and discussions explored sources of motivation to complete tasks and engage in a hypothetical 6-week DHI for anxiety.

Results
Children (aged 7-11 years) reported greater reliance on external motivators such as following parent instruction to complete unpleasant tasks, while adolescents (aged 12-17 years) reported greater internal motivation such as self-discipline. Program factors, such as engaging content, were the most commonly mentioned motivators for engaging with a DHI across both age groups. After that, internal sources of motivation were most commonly mentioned, such as perceived future benefits. External factors were the most commonly mentioned demotivators across all ages, with time commitment being the most frequently mentioned.

Conclusions
The study’s findings have implications for enhancing adherence in future DHIs targeted to children and adolescents. Recommendations include the need for supportive parental involvement for children, while adolescents would likely benefit from mechanisms that promote autonomy, establish a supportive environment, and align with personal interests and values. Belief that a DHI will provide short-term benefits is important to both children and adolescents, as well as having confidence that future benefits will be realized.
Associations of High BMI and Excessive Gestational Weight Gain With Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Atta Nooria , Ezeoke Anuli , Petry Clive J. , Kusinski Laura C. , Meek Claire L. 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
The increased risk of pregnancy complications in type 1 diabetes is mainly attributed to maternal hyperglycemia. However, it is unclear whether other potentially modifiable factors also contribute to risk in this population.

PURPOSE
We sought to assess whether high BMI and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) are associated with perinatal complications in type 1 diabetes.

DATA SOURCES
We searched Medline, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases to January 2024.

STUDY SELECTION
Studies examining associations between periconception BMI or GWG and perinatal complications in type 1 diabetes were included.

DATA EXTRACTION
We used a predesigned data extraction template to extract study data including year, country, sample size, participants’ characteristics, exposure, and outcomes.

DATA SYNTHESIS
We included 29 studies (18,965 pregnancies; 1978–2019) in the meta-analysis. A 1 kg/m2/1 kg increase in preconception BMI or GWG was associated with a 3% and 11% increase, respectively, in perinatal complications (BMI odds ratio [OR] 1.03 [95% CI 1.01–1.06]; GWG OR 1.11 [95% CI 1.04–1.18]). Preconception BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 or excessive GWG was associated with a 22% and 50% increase, respectively, in perinatal complications (BMI OR 1.22 [95% CI 1.11–1.34]; GWG OR 1.50 [95% CI 1.31–1.73]). BMI was associated with congenital malformation, preeclampsia, and neonatal intensive care unit admission. Excessive GWG was associated with preeclampsia, cesarean delivery, large for gestational age, and macrosomia.

LIMITATIONS
Limitations included retrospective study design, variable measurement for exposures and outcomes, small number of studies for some outcomes, and no data from Asia and Africa.

CONCLUSIONS
Addressing maternal BMI prepregnancy and preventing excessive GWG should be key clinical priorities to improve outcomes in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes.
Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia di Rumah Sakit Rujukan Nasional Indonesia: Studi Deskriptif Observasional Lima Tahun
Authors: Anggraini Neni , Anggraini Cecilia , Mahyuddin Mutmainah 
Published: August 2024

Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) merupakan tumor ganas konjungtiva tersering dan memiliki tingkat rekurensi tinggi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh profil demografis, karakteristik klinis, evaluasi tatalaksana dan tingkat rekurensi pasien OSSN di Jakarta, Indonesia. Studi ini merupakan studi deskriptif retrospektif potong lintang menggunakan data rekam medis pasien terdiagnosis OSSN berdasarkan pemeriksaan histopatologi pada 2015 hingga 2020 di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo Kirana (RSCM), Jakarta, Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2020 hingga April 2021. Prevalensi OSSN selama lima tahun studi sebesar 0,9%. Pada studi ini, 61 pasien OSSN dengan karakteristik mayoritas adalah laki-laki (75,5%) berusia rata-rata 54,8 ± 2,4 tahun dengan faktor risiko paparan sinar matahari (68,4%) dan kebiasaan merokok (71,9%). Median onset yaitu 4 bulan dengan median durasi kontrol 5 bulan. Tanda klinis tersering adalah massa kemerahan di konjungtiva (44,3%), bersifat unilateral (98,4%), dengan tampilan klinis terbanyak berbentuk papiliformis (57,4%). Konjungtiva bulbi-limbus-kornea merupakan struktur bola mata yang paling sering terlibat (47,5%). Histopatologi tersering adalah squamous cell carcinoma (44,3%) dan conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (44,2%). Tatalaksana terbanyak berturut-turut adalah bedah eksisi luas dengan terapi ajuvan (47,6%), bedah eksisi luas (42%) dan Mitomycin C 0,04% topikal (4,9%). Tumor dengan lebih dari 1 lokasi memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan histopatologi invasif (p=0,013). Tingkat rekurensi didapatkan sebesar 14% dengan median periode rekuren 12 bulan.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Android Dengan Aplikasi Appy Pie Pada Materi Dasar Pemeliharaan dan Perbaikan Otomotif Untuk Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan
Authors: Galang Kawih  , Edi Elisa  , I Nyoman Pasek Nugraha  
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis android dengan aplikasi appy pie pada materi dasar pemeliharaan dan perbaikan otomotif untuk sekolah menengah kejuruan. Subjek uji coba dari produk ini terdiri dari ahli media, ahli materi dan audiens yang diambil dari lingkungan sekolah SMK Negeri 3 Singaraja. Adapun hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu Pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis android dengan aplikasi Appypie pada materi dasar pemeliharaan dan perbaikan otomotif untuk sekolah menengah kejuruan dinyatakan sangat layak berdasarkan penilaian ahli materi dengan presentase 90,83% dan ahli media dengan presentase 94,17%. Pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis android dengan aplikasi Appypie pada materi dasar pemeliharaan dan perbaikan otomotif untuk sekolah menengah kejuruan dinyatakan sangat praktis berdasarkan uji kelompok kecil dengan presentase 95,56% dan uji kelompok besar dengan presentase 96,93%. Dengan demikian berdasarkan hasil yang sudah didapat, media pembelajaran berbasis android dengan aplikasi appypie yang telah dikembangkan di SMK sudah memenuhi harapan dengan kategori sangat layak dan sangat praktis untuk diterapkan pada pembelajaran materi pemeliharaan dan perbaikan otomotif.
Kata kunci: Android, Appy Pie, Otomotif.
This study aims to determine the development of android-based learning media with the appy pie application on the basic material of automotive maintenance and repair for vocational high schools. The test subjects of this product consisted of media experts, material experts and audiences taken from the SMK Negeri 3 Singaraja school environment. The research results obtained were the development

of Android-based learning media with the Appy pie application on the basic material for automotive maintenance and repair for vocational high schools which was declared very feasible based on the assessment of material experts with a percentage of 90.83% and media experts with a percentage of 94.17%. The development of android-based learning media with the Appy pie application on the basic material of automotive maintenance and repair for vocational high schools is stated to be very practical based on small group tests with a percentage of 95.56% and large group tests with a percentage of 96.93%. Thus, based on the results already obtained, Android-based learning media with appypie applications that have been developed in SMK have met expectations with a very decent and very easy to be applied to the learning of maintenance materials and automotive repairs.
Keywords: Android, Appy Pie, Automotive.
Tritrichomonas foetus testing in bulls
Authors: Koziol Jennifer , Brooks Weston 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To provide a video tutorial on how to perform preputial scraping for the testing of Tritrichomonas foetus in bulls.

ANIMALS
Postpubertal bulls.

METHODS
A preputial scraping device is inserted in the prepuce, and back-and-forth scraping movements are made to collect smegma and T foetus organisms. The sample is placed in an appropriate media and prepared for shipment to the diagnostic laboratory.

RESULTS
Preputial sampling is an effective method for diagnosing T foetus in infected bulls.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Bulls are the primary carriers of T foetus, a protozoan parasite responsible for bovine trichomoniasis. By sampling and testing bulls, veterinarians can identify infected animals and implement control measures to prevent the spread of the disease within herds. Trichomoniasis can lead to significant reproductive problems in cattle, including infertility, embryonic death, and abortions. Sampling bulls allows for the detection of infection, enabling prompt intervention to protect the reproductive health of the entire herd. Trichomoniasis outbreaks can result in substantial economic losses for cattle producers due to reduced conception rates, increased calving intervals, and decreased calf crops. Sampling bulls helps to mitigate these losses by identifying and removing infected animals from the breeding pool, thereby minimizing the spread of the disease and its associated reproductive inefficiencies. In many regions, T foetus testing in bulls is a regulatory requirement for cattle movement and trade. Sampling bulls and obtaining negative test results are often necessary for obtaining health certificates and complying with interstate or international movement regulations.