bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-functional properties of lactic acid bacteria strains derived from canine feces
Authors: Liu Yunjiang , Wang Jiali , Zheng Haohong , Xin Jialiang , Zhong Zhijun , Liu Haifeng , Fu Hualin , Zhou Ziyao , Qiu Xianmeng , Peng Guangneng 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionProbiotics, especially Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), can promote the health of host animals in a variety of ways, such as regulating intestinal flora and stimulating the host’s immune system.MethodsIn this study, 206 LAB strains were isolated from 48 canine fecal samples. Eleven LAB strains were selected based on growth performance, acid and bile salt resistance. The 11 candidates underwent comprehensive evaluation for probiotic properties, including antipathogenic activity, adhesion, safety, antioxidant capacity, and metabolites.ResultsThe results of the antipathogenic activity tests showed that 11 LAB strains exhibited strong inhibitory effect and co-aggregation ability against four target pathogens (E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella braenderup, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The results of the adhesion test showed that the 11 LAB strains had high cell surface hydrophobicity, self-aggregation ability, biofilm-forming ability and adhesion ability to the Caco-2 cells. Among them, Lactobacillus acidophilus (L177) showed strong activity in various adhesion experiments. Safety tests showed that 11 LAB strains are sensitive to most antibiotics, with L102, L171, and L177 having the highest sensitivity rate at 85.71%, and no hemolysis occurred in all strains. Antioxidant test results showed that all strains showed good H2O2 tolerance, high scavenging capacity for 1, 1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH) and hydroxyl (OH−). In addition, 11 LAB strains can produce high levels of metabolites including exopolysaccharide (EPS), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and bile salt hydrolase (BSH).DiscussionThis study provides a thorough characterization of canine-derived LAB strains, highlighting their multifunctional potential as probiotics. The diverse capabilities of the strains make them promising candidates for canine dietary supplements, offering a holistic approach to canine health. Further research should validate their efficacy in vivo to ensure their practical application.
Chemical Profile and In Vitro Gut Microbiota Modulation of Wild Edible Mushroom Phallus atrovolvatus Fruiting Body at Different Maturity Stages
Authors: Kaewsaen Raweephorn , Wichienchot Santad , Thayanukul Parinda , Charoensiddhi Suvimol , Chanput Wasaporn Preteseille 
Published: August 2024

Phallus atrovolvatus, a wild edible mushroom, has attracted increasing interest for consumption due to its unique taste and beneficial health benefits. This study determined the chemical components in the so-called fruiting body during the egg and mature stages and investigated its gut microbiota-modulating activities. The egg stage contained higher total carbohydrates, dietary fiber, glucans, ash, and fat, while the total protein content was lower than in the mature stage. Two consumption forms, including cooked mushrooms and a mushroom aqueous extract from both stages, were used in this study. An in vitro gut fermentation was performed for 24 h to assess gut microbiota regulation. All mushroom-supplemented fermentations increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production compared to the blank control. Furthermore, all mushroom supplementations promoted the growth of Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus. Samples from the mature stage increased the relative abundance of Clostridium sensu stricto 1, while those from the egg stage increased the Bacteroides group. The inhibition of harmful bacteria, including Escherichia-Shigella, Klebsiella, and Veillonella, was only observed for the mature body. Our findings demonstrate that P. atrovolvatus exhibits potential benefits on gut health by promoting SCFA production and the growth of beneficial bacteria, with the mature stage demonstrating superior effects compared to the egg stage.
Habituation of Central and Electrodermal Responses to an Auditory Two-Stimulus Oddball Paradigm
Authors: Rho Gianluca , Callara Alejandro Luis , Scilingo Enzo Pasquale , Greco Alberto , Bonfiglio Luca 
Published: August 2024

The orienting reaction (OR) towards a new stimulus is subject to habituation, i.e., progressively attenuates with stimulus repetition. The skin conductance responses (SCRs) are known to represent a reliable measure of OR at the peripheral level. Yet, it is still a matter of debate which of the P3 subcomponents is the most likely to represent the central counterpart of the OR. The aim of the present work was to study habituation, recovery, and dishabituation phenomena intrinsic to a two-stimulus auditory oddball paradigm, one of the most-used paradigms both in research and clinic, by simultaneously recording SCRs and P3 in twenty healthy volunteers. Our findings show that the target stimulus was capable of triggering a more marked OR, as indexed by both SCRs and P3, compared to the standard stimulus, that could be due to its affective saliency and relevance for task completion; the application of temporal principal components analysis (PCA) to the P3 complex allowed us to identify several subcomponents including both early and late P3a (eP3a; lP3a), P3b, novelty P3 (nP3), and both a positive and a negative Slow Wave (+SW; −SW). Particularly, lP3a and P3b subcomponents showed a similar behavior to that observed for SCRs , suggesting them as central counterparts of OR. Finally, the P3 evoked by the first standard stimulus after the target showed a significant dishabituation phenomenon which could represent a sign of the local stimulus change. However, it did not reach a sufficient level to trigger an SCR/OR since it did not represent a salient event in the context of the task.
A New Genus of Prodidominae Cave Spider from a Paleoburrow and Ferruginous Caves in Brazil (Araneae: Prodidomidae)
Authors: Cizauskas Igor , Zampaulo Robson de A. , Brescovit Antonio D. 
Published: August 2024

A new monotypic genus of Prodidominae, Paleotoca gen. n., is proposed to include one cave species collected in a paleoburrow and ferruginous caves from Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais, Brazil: Paleotoca diminassp. n. (♂♀). The new genus is closely related to other Neotropical Prodidominae by sharing the classic claw tuft clasper. Paleotoca gen. n. is diagnosed by the absence of a dorsal abdominal scutum, a ventral parallel rows of strong spines on the tibia and metatarsus I–II, a lack of a conductor, a discrete median apophysis on the bulb and a bifid retrolateral tibial apophysis in the male palp, a posterior extension that is beak-shaped, and folds of a copulatory duct ventrally visible in the female epigyne. Like other Prodidominae species from caves, P. diminassp. n. is a troglobitic spider with morphological characteristics that indicate specialization to live in subterranean environments, including reduction in cuticular pigments, eye loss, heavy spination and trichobothria.
Dossier: 40 años de democracia
Authors: Lazzaro Luis 
Published: August 2024

Cuarenta años después de haber logrado la restitución democrática ininterrumpida, la sociedad argentina enfrenta un escenario inédito en uno de los factores centrales -sino el más gravitante- en la organización de su vida política; la comunicación. Nunca antes la circulación de datos y representaciones, como proceso social y como factor tecnopolítico de poder, había logrado tal gravitación en los modos de representación y organización de la vida. Uno de sus mayores impactos ha sido el protagonismo de la posverdad, definida como la “distorsión deliberada de una realidad, que manipula creencias y emociones con el fin de influir en la opinión pública y en actitudes sociales”
Efek Anti Perdarahan Ekstrak Sabut Kelapa (Cocos Nucifera L) pada Luka Potong Ekor Mencit
Authors: Tendean Lydia E. N. , Khoman Johanna A. , Ginotodihardjo Devani 
Published: August 2024

Abstract: Coconut coir has beneficial secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, which are known stop bleeding. This effect is much needed in dental practice. This study aimed to determine the anti-hemorhhagic effect of coconut coir extract on cut wound of mouse tail. This was an experimental study with a post test only control design. Subjects were 32 male mice, divided into four groups, as follows: positive control group (epinephrine), negative control group (not treated), and treatment groups with 50% and 100% coconut coir extract. The anti-hemorhhagic effect was observed using the Duke method. The tails of the mice were cut 0.5 cm length, and the bleeding time was measured from the first drop until the blood stopped dripping on the filter paper. Data were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA and the Least Significant Differences test (LSD). The results showed that the positive control group had the shortest bleeding time, followed by the 100% extract group, the 50% extract group, and the negative control group (105.213, 114.738, 143.563, 166.500 seconds). There was a significant difference between the negative control group and the group treated with 100% coconut coir extract (p=0.000). In conclusion, coconut coir extract (Coconut nucifera L) has an anti- hemorhhagic effect on cut wound of mouse tail.
Keywords: coconut coir; anti-hemorhhagic effect

Abstrak: Sabut kelapa memiliki senyawa metabolit sekunder yang sangat bermanfaat, seperti flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin yang diketahui dapat membantu menghentikan proses perdarahan yang sangat dibutuhkan dalam praktik kedokteran gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek anti perdarahan ekstrak sabut kelapa terhadap luka potong ekor mencit. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental dengan post test only control design. Subjek penelitian ialah 32 ekor mencit jantan yang dibagi menjadi empat kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol positif (epinefrin), kontrol negatif (tanpa perlakuan), serta kelompok perlakuan dengan ekstrak sabut kelapa konsentrasi 50%, dan 100%. Efek anti perdarahan dilihat dengan menggunakan metode Duke. Ekor mencit dipotong sepanjang 0,5 cm dan bleeding time diukur dari tetesan pertama hingga darah berhenti menetes pada kertas saring. Data dianalisis menggunakan One Way ANOVA dan Least Significant Differences test (LSD). Hasil peneliian mendapatkan bahwa kelompok kontrol positif memiliki bleeding time paling singkat, diikuti dengan kelompok ekstrak konsentrasi 100%, kelompok ekstrak konsentrasi 50%, dan kelompok kontrol negatif (105,213; 114,738; 143,563; 166,500 detik). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok kontrol negatif dengan kelompok yang diberi perlakuan ekstrak sabut kelapa 100% (p=0,000). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah ekstrak sabut kelapa (Coconut nucifera L) memiliki efek anti perdarahan terhadap luka potong ekor mencit.
Kata kunci: sabut kelapa; efek anti perdarahan
Effects of acid generator anions on radiation-induced decomposition and dissolution kinetics of chemically amplified resists
Authors: Tsuda Yoshika , Muroya Yusa , Kozawa Takahiro , Ikeda Takuya , Komuro Yoshitaka 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Chemically amplified resists (CARs) are widely used in lithography for manufacturing semiconductor devices. To reduce the occurrence of stochastic defects in CARs, increased acid generator concentration is required. In this study, we investigated the effects of acid generator anions on the radiation-induced decomposition of acid generators using electron pulse radiolysis and γ-radiolysis methods. Their effects on the dissolution dynamics of poly(4-hydroxystyrene) (PHS) films were also investigated using contact angle measurement and quartz crystal microbalance methods. Triphenylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, triphenylsulfonium nonafluoro-1-butanesulfonate, triphenylsulfonium 4-toluenesulfonate, and triphenylsulfonium salicylate, were used as acid generators or photodecomposable quenchers. The anions showed minimal effect on the decomposition of the acid generators and photodecomposable quenchers; however, they influenced the surface free energy, dissolution kinetics of the PHS films, and water penetration into the PHS films. In particular, the effect of salicylate on the dissolution kinetics of PHS films is significant.
Prospects for β-Ga2O3: now and into the future
Authors: Sasaki Kohei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This review describes the progress of research on gallium oxide as a material for power devices, covering the development of bulk crystal growth through to epitaxial growth, defect evaluations, device processes, and development, all based on the author’s research experiences. During the last decade or so, the epi-wafer size has been expanded to 4–6 inches, and Schottky barrier diodes and field-effect transistors capable of ampere-class operations and with breakdown voltages of several kV have been demonstrated. On the other hand, challenges to the practical application of gallium oxide power devices, such as the cost of epi-wafers, killer defects, purity of epitaxial layer, etc., have also become apparent. This paper provides a comprehensive summary of the history of these developments, including not only papers but also patents and conference presentations, and gives my personal views on the prospects for this material’s continued development.
Media Alternatif Kacang Merah (Phaseolus vulgaris L) Sebagai Pengganti Media SDA (Sabouraud Dextrose Agar) Untuk Pertumbuhan Jamur Candida albicans
Authors: Hardianti Siti 
Published: August 2024

High humidity in Indonesia, which is considered a tropical country, encourages the growth of various types of microorganisms. Fungi are one type of microorganism that thrives in Indonesia. This fungus can infect its host causing a disease known as candidiasis when it grows too quickly in response to physiological changes or decreased immunity. Candida albicans and other fungi are able to thrive on a synthetic medium called Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) medium. This medium is only available in some locations and is rather expensive. Red kidney beans as an alternative are used to replace SDA media. Fungal growth is aided by the nutrients found in kidney beans. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not boiled water derived from red beans could be an alternative medium for planting Candida albicans fungi. This kind of descriptive research was conducted in a pre-experimental laboratory observation using the fungus Candida albicans as a parameter and kidney beans as a substrate. Candida albicans fungi can be grown using red bean juice media which is an alternative to SDA media. However, in red bean media, Candida albicans fungi have a smaller size than SDA media. Which is the only macroscopic difference between the two types of fungal colonies. Even so, the small characteristics remain the same.

Keywords: Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA), Red beans, Candida albicans
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SAYUR KELAKAI (STENOCHLAENA PALUSTRIS) TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA IBU HAMIL DI KLINIK CITRA MARINDAL TAHUN 2024
Authors: Hayati Erlina . , Sari Husna 
Published: August 2024

Kelakai ialah salah satu jenis tanaman pakis, dan kelakai adalah tanaman yg mudah tumbuh di daerah yang tanahnya gambut, seperti Kalimantan Tengah. sesuai hasil penelitian yang dilakukan pada tahun 2021 oleh Departemen Pertanian dan Peternakan Universitas Lambung Makurat Banjar Baru Hayinah dan rekan, kandungan zat besi di kelakai merupakan 291,32 mg/100 g. anemia atau kurang darah adalah suatu syarat rendahnya hemoglobin yang dapat mengakibatkan rendahnya jumlah sel darah merah, mudah lelah, mengantuk, wajah pucat, pusing, penurunan stamina, dan detak jantung yg lebih cepat. Adanya zat besi di kelakai bisa meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin dalam tubuh sehingga membantu mengurangi gejala anemia. Cara mengatasi anemia dengan ramuan kelakai.
PENGARUH MENGUNYAH PERMEN KARET RENDAH GULA TERHADAP PENINGKATAN SEKRESI SALIVA PADA PASIEN YANG MENJALANI TERAPI HEMODIALISA
Authors: Silalahi Rini Debora , Sembiring Ripando Jhon Satria 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney failure is a health problem that needs special attention. The number of end-stage renal failure sufferers undergoing hemodialysis therapy increases every year. Hemodialysis therapy is an appropriate action to replace kidney function with a method of supplying fluid intake which results in most patients complaining of dry mouth (xerostomia).
Objective: Fluid restriction generally causes dry mouth in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The observed effects of chewing gum on the amount of saliva, interdialytic weight gain (IDWG), and thirst levels in HD patients are inconsistent. We are considering whether gum can modulate this third parameter in patients undergoing HD.
Method: This study used purposive sampling with 37 patients on HD. Thirst levels were measured using a self-rated visual analogue scale (VAS) and the summed xerostomia inventory (SXI).
Results: The level of thirst after blood washing was significantly lower in the gum chewing group compared to the control group with a p value (0.000) <0.005. The amount of saliva was higher in the gum group than in the control group before dialysis, but the amount of saliva was comparable between the groups after dialysis. In addition, the amount of saliva was not associated with IDWG in patients undergoing HD before or after dialysis. Conclusion: Chewing gum can relieve thirst but does not affect the amount of saliva and IDWG in HD patients. Therefore, we suggest that chewing gum may be a useful approach to treat dry mouth and thirst in HD patients.
Wychowawcze cele kary w polskim prawie karnym
Authors: Traczyk Sebastian 
Published: August 2024

Na przestrzeni lat modyfikowano prawnokarne regulacje związane z dyrektywami wymiaru kary. Zależne było to od wielu czynników, w tym „zapatrywania” się na kwestie wychowawcze kary, które znacząco ewoluowały na gruncie poszczególnych źródeł prawa karnego w Polsce. Wychowawcze cele kary, czyli normatywna tożsamość resocjalizacji, stanowiły i wciąż stanowią problematyczny element konstruowania prawa karnego i stosownej filozofii karania. Zaczynając od analizy formalno-dogmatycznej i historycznoprawnej aktów prawnych oraz analizy innych dokumentów zastanych od ziem polskich w czasach zaborów, a kończąc na ostatniej nowelizacji Kodeksu karnego z lipca 2022 r., można postawić tezę, że wychowawcze cele kary stanowią niezbędny element prawidłowego funkcjonowania wymiaru sprawiedliwości i gwarancji praworządnie wymierzanej kary.
Over the years, the criminal law regulations related to the sentencing directives have been modified. This depended on a number of factors, including the „view” on the educational issues of punishment, which evolved significantly on the grounds of particular sources of criminal law in Poland. The educational goals of punishment, i.e. the normative identity of re-socialisation, constituted and still constitutes a problematic element of the construction of criminal law and the relevant philosophy of punishment. In the light of the formal-dogmatic and historical-legal analysis of legal acts and the analysis of other documents found from the Polish lands in the times of the Partitions and ending with the latest amendment to the Penal Code of July 2022, it is possible to put forward a thesis that the educational purposes of punishment constitute an indispensable element of the proper functioning of the administration of justice and the guarantee of lawfully administered punishment.
Kanibalizm z punktu widzenia kryminologii
Authors: Turek Roksana 
Published: August 2024

Kanibalizm należy do niewielu zjawisk budzących jednocześnie fascynację i odrazę. Występuje wśród wielu gatunków zwierząt. Sam kanibalizm, choć u ludzi nie zdarza się często, można łatwo dostrzec w wielu kulturach i różnym kontekście. Występuje w wielu tekstach kultury, ma podłoże rytualne wynikające z różnych obrzędów, a także pojawia się w przypadkach tzw. wyższej konieczności, co wynika ze skrajnego głodu. Kanibalizm ma również miejsce przy zabójstwach z motywów seksualnych oraz przy zabójstwach z motywów psychotycznych, co potwierdza światowa kazuistyka.
Cannibalism is one of the few phenomena that arouses both fascination and repugnance at the same time. It is found in many species of animals. Cannibalism itself, while not common in humans, can be easily passed over in many cultures and circumstances. It occurs in many texts of culture, has a ritual basis typical of various rituals, but appears in some so-called urgent necessity, which results from the extreme region. Cannibalism also occurs in murders with sexual motives and in murders with psychotic motives, which is confirmed by world casuistry.
Analiza profilu nieletnich sprawców czynów karalnych w województwie śląskim w latach 1999–2018 na podstawie danych statystycznych
Authors: Klimek-Lakomy Aleksandra 
Published: August 2024

Celem opracowania jest przedstawienie profilu nieletniego sprawcy czynów karalnych w województwie śląskim w latach 1999–2018. W opracowaniu zostały ukazane badania własne przeprowadzone na terenie województwa śląskiego, na podstawie danych statystycznych uzyskanych z Komendy Wojewódzkiej Policji w Katowicach. Analiza dotyczy określenia profilu nieletniego, który najczęściej dopuszcza się łamania prawa. Ponadto w opracowaniu przedstawiono, jak na przestrzeni 20 lat ewoluowało łamanie prawa przez dziewczęta i chłopców.
The aim of the study is to present the profile of a juvenile delinquency of criminal acts in the Silesian Voivodeship in the years 1999–2018. The study presents own research conducted in the Silesian Voivodeship, based on data obtained from the Provincial Police Headquarters in Katowice. The analysis concerns determining the profile of minors who most often break the law. Moreover, the study presents how the violation of the law by girls and boys has evolved over the course of twenty years.
“There were fewer calls, even though there was more violence”: Domestic violence in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Włodarczyk-Madejska Justyna , Ostaszewski Paweł , Klimczak Joanna 
Published: August 2024

Od marca 2020 r. zarówno organizacje pozarządowe, media, jak i rządy na całym świecie wskazywały na zwiększenie się liczby przestępstw przemocy domowej. Co więcej okazało się, że przemoc w trakcie pandemii zmieniła swój charakter – obserwowaliśmy więcej agresji oraz pojawienie się przemocy w rodzinach, w których przed pandemią nie miała ona miejsca. Dane statystyczne w Polsce nie potwierdzają tego trendu.W artykule przeanalizowaliśmy związek między pandemią COVID-19 a przemocą domową w Polsce. Zebraliśmy dane statystyczne policji za lata 2019–2020 i porównaliśmy liczby zgłoszonych przestępstw w tych latach, a także liczby założonych tzw. „niebieskich kart”, czyli nadzorów nad rodzinami w których policja stwierdziła przemoc domową. Porównaliśmy uzyskane dane z raportami przemieszczania się realizowanymi przez Google. Ponadto przeprowadziliśmy 27 wywiadów z ekspertami pracującymi w organizacjach pozarządowych oraz instytucjach wymiaru sprawiedliwości. Pełnego obrazu przemocy domowej podczas pandemii COVID-19 nie da się uzyskać inaczej niż poprzez kompleksową analizę danych pochodzących z różnych źródeł i ich porównanie.
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, both NGOs and media around the world had reported an increase in domestic violence rates. Moreover, the nature of this violence has changed during the pandemic; monitoring organizations’ reports highlight both a rise in aggression and the emergence of violence in those families that were free from it before the pandemic. However, official statistics from Poland do not confirm these observations.The paper analyzes the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and domestic violence in Poland. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were carried out based on Google Community Mobility Reports, Blue Card statistics, reported crime statistics, the Police Command Support System, NGO statistics, and 27 in-depth interviews conducted in 2020 with experts affiliated to law enforcement agencies and non-governmental organizations. A full picture of domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic cannot be made other than through analysis of a comprehensive body data, with cross-checks of various data sources.