bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of iron supplementation on physical capacity in non-anaemic iron-deficient individuals: protocol for an individual patient data meta-analysis
Authors: Dugan Cory , Peeling Peter , Burden Richard , Richards Toby 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
A deficiency in iron stores is associated with various adverse health complications, which, if left untreated, can progress to states of anaemia, whereby there is significant detriment to an individual’s work capacity and quality of life due to compromised erythropoiesis. The most common methods employed to treat an iron deficiency include oral iron supplementation and, in persistent and/or unresponsive cases, intravenous iron therapy. The efficacy of these treatments, particularly in states of iron deficiency without anaemia, is equivocal. Indeed, both randomised control trials and aggregate data meta-analyses have produced conflicting evidence. Therefore, this study aims to assess the efficacy of both oral and intravenous iron supplementation on physical capacity, quality of life, and fatigue scores in iron-deficient non-anaemic individuals using individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis techniques.

Methods
All potential studies, irrespective of design, will be sourced through systematic searches on the following databases: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE Ovid, Embase Ovid, Web of Science: Science Citation Index Expanded, Web of Science: Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. Individual patient data from all available trials will be included and subsequently analysed in a two-stage approach. Predetermined subgroup and sensitivity analyses will be employed to further explain results.

Discussion
The significance of this IPD meta-analysis is one of consolidating a clear consensus to better inform iron-deficient individuals of the physiological response associated with iron supplementation. The IPD approach, to the best of our knowledge, is novel for this research topic. As such, the findings will significantly contribute to the current body of evidence.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42020191739.
An Indigenous-informed scoping review study methodology: advancing the science of scoping reviews
Authors: Phillips-Beck Wanda , Bukich Bryden L. J. , Thiessen Kellie , Lavoie Josée G. , Schultz Annette , Sanguins Julianne , Beck Geraldine , Longclaws Brenda , Shingoose Geraldine , Palmer Matta , Linton Janice , Negash Bekelu , Morriseau Taylor 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Historically, Indigenous voices have been silent in health research, reflective of colonial academic institutions that privilege Western ways of knowing. However, Indigenous methodologies and methods with an emphasis on the active involvement of Indigenous peoples and centering Indigenous voices are gaining traction in health education and research. In this paper, we map each phase of our scoping review process and weave Indigenous research methodologies into Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) framework for conducting scoping reviews.

Methods
Guided by an advisory circle consisting of Indigenous Knowledge Keepers and allied scholars, we utilized both Indigenous and Western methods to conduct a scoping review. As such, a circle of Knowledge Keepers provided guidance and informed our work, while our methods of searching and scoping the literature remained consistent with PRISMA-ScR guidelines. In keeping with an Indigenous methodology, the scoping review protocol was not registered allowing for an organic development of the research process.

Results
We built upon Arksey and O’Malley’s 5-stages and added an additional 3 steps for a combined 8-stage model to guide our research: (1) Exploration and Listening, (2) Doing the Groundwork, (3) Identifying and Refining the Research Question, (4) Identifying Relevant Studies, (5) Study Selection, (6) Mapping Data, (7) Collating, Summarizing and Synthesizing the Data, and lastly, (8) Sharing and Making Meaning. Engagement and listening, corresponding to Arksey and O’Malley (2005)’s optional “consultation stage,” was embedded throughout, but with greater intensity in stages 1 and 8.

Conclusion
An Indigenous approach to conducting a scoping review includes forming a team with a wide array of experience in both Indigenous and Western methodologies, meaningful Indigenous representation, and inclusion of Indigenous perspectives to shape the analysis and presentation of findings. Engaging Indigenous peoples throughout the entire research process, listening, and including Indigenous voices and perspectives is vital in reconciliation research, producing both credible and useable information for both Indigenous communities and academia. Our Indigenous methodology for conducting a scoping review can serve as a valuable framework for summarizing Indigenous health-related research.
HIV1 drug resistance among patients experiencing first-line treatment failure in Ethiopia: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Balew Melashu , Abeje Gedefaw , Mekonnen Alemtsehay , Degu Getu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The emergence of HIV drug resistance presents a substantial challenge. Current antiretroviral treatments, along with current classes, face the danger of becoming partially or entirely inactive. As a result, alternative treatment regimens are limited, and treatment choices are complicated. According to the recommendation of the WHO, nations should consider changing their first-line ART regimen if HIV drug resistance exceeds 10%. In spite of the fact that a number of primary studies have been performed on HIV drug resistance in Ethiopia, their pooled prevalence rate has not been determined in a systematic review and meta-analysis, which may provide stronger evidence. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis will be to estimate the pooled prevalence rate of HIV1 drug resistance in patients with first-line treatment failure in Ethiopia.

Methods
Primary studies will be identified from PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar. The period of search will be from 01 April to 30 June 2024. Studies identified through the search strategies will first be screened by titles and abstracts. Included studies meeting established criteria will be evaluated for risk of bias using the JBI checklist. Data will be extracted, and the pooled prevalence rate of HIV drug resistance will be computed using STATA 14 software. Random effect models will be used when heterogeneity is suspected. The I2 statistic and its corresponding P value will be checked to distinguish heterogeneity. Additionally, publication bias and heterogeneity will be checked using visual funnel plots, Egger’s test, trim-and-fill tests, meta-regression, and subgroup analysis. To present and synthesize the results, narrative synthesis will be performed to describe study characteristics and findings, and forest plots will be used to visually represent effect sizes and confidence intervals from individual studies.

Discussion
Estimating the pooled prevalence rate of HIV drug resistance through a systematic review and meta-analysis improves the reliability of the evidence, the availability of effective HIV treatment options, and the ability to assist in making decisions for both clinical practice and public health policy in Ethiopia.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42024533975.
Seismic Behavior of Steel Reinforced Ultra-High Strength Concrete Composite Frame: Experimental and Numerical Study
Authors: Zhang Jian-cheng , Jiang Xue-guo , Jia Zi-kang , Cao Mao-sen , Jia Jin-qing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe seismic behavior of steel reinforced ultra-high strength concrete (SRUHSC) composite frame was investigated through finite element analysis (FEA) modeling. A FEA model for the seismic analysis of the SRUHSC frame was first established and verified with test results. The numerical model was subsequently used to study the seismic performance of the SRUHSC frame, including the P-Δ skeleton curves, the stiffness degradation, the failure mode, the subsequence mechanisms of plastic hinges and the stress–strain distribution. Finally, a parametric study was carried out to investigate the effect of salient parameters on the behavior of the SRUHSC frame. It was found that with the increment of the concrete strength, yield strength of steel, and linear stiffness ratio of beam to column, the horizontal load-bearing capacity and the elastic stiffness of the structure were improved, but there was no significant effect on the ductility. With the increment of the volume stirrup ratio and structural steel ratio, the horizontal load-bearing capacity and the ductility of the structure were both improved. However, with the increment of the axial-load ratio, there was no obvious change in the elastic stiffness of the structure, but the horizontal load bearing capacity and the ductility of the structure decreased obviously. In addition, the accuracy of a concrete constitutive model in the different degrees of constraint for the SRUHSC frame proposed by the authors was verified with the FEA model.
Development and validation of a mental hyperactivity questionnaire for the evaluation of chronic stress in higher education
Authors: Fernández-García Rubén , Melguizo-Ibáñez Eduardo , Zurita-Ortega Félix , Ubago-Jiménez José Luis 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Examination and understanding of neural hyperactivity are some of the greatest scientific challenges faced in the present day. For this reason, the present study aimed to examine this phenomenon in the context of higher education.

Method
Likewise, this work will enable an instrument to be created to appropriately and reliably estimate neural hyperactivity associated with chronic stress in university students undertaking a Physiotherapy degree.

Results
Analysis of content validity was carried out according to agreement and consensus between nineteen experts with Education Science or Psychology degrees, via the Delphi method. On the other hand, face validity was established by administering the questionnaire to a sample of 194 university students aged between 18 and 45 years (M = 30.48%; SD = 13.152).

Conclusion
The final self-report measure, denominated mental hyperactivity, was composed of 10 items which showed adequate fit with regards to face and content validity (α = 0.775). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the questionnaire was unidimensional.
Unveiling the distinctive mechanical and thermal properties of γ-GeSe
Authors: Park Jinsub , Je Yugyeong , Kim Joonho , Park Je Myoung , Jung Joong-Eon , Cheong Hyeonsik , Lee Sang Wook , Kim Kwanpyo 
Published: July 2024

Abstractγ-GeSe is a newly identified polymorph among group-IV monochalcogenides, characterized by a distinctive interatomic bonding configuration. Despite its promising applications in electrical and thermal domains, the experimental verification of its mechanical and thermal properties remains unreported. Here, we experimentally characterize the in-plane Young’s modulus (E) and thermal conductivity ($$\:\kappa\:$$) of γ-GeSe. The mechanical vibrational modes of freestanding γ-GeSe flakes are measured using optical interferometry. Nano-indentation via atomic force microscopy is also conducted to induce mechanical deformation and to extract the E. Comparison with finite-element simulations reveals that the E is 97.3$$\:\pm\:$$7.5 GPa as determined by optical interferometry and 109.4$$\:\pm\:$$13.5 GPa as established through the nano-indentation method. Additionally, optothermal Raman spectroscopy reveals that γ-GeSe has a lattice thermal conductivity of 2.3 $$\:\pm\:$$ 0.4 Wm−1K−1 and a total thermal conductivity of 7.5 $$\:\pm\:$$ 0.4 Wm−1K−1 in the in-plane direction at room temperature. The notably high $$\:E/\kappa\:$$ ratio in γ-GeSe, compared to other layered materials, underscores its distinctive structural and dynamic characteristics.
Validity and reliability of the Greek Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MSQ Version 2.1-GR)
Authors: Giannouli Ermioni , Giannouli Eleni , Alexoudi Athanasia , Arvaniti Chryssa , Fakas Nikolaos , Constantinidis Theodoros S. , Kouremenos Evangelos , Mitsikostas Dimos-Dimitrios ,   on behalf of Hellenic Headache Society
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
To assess the validity and reliability of the Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire 2.1 (MSQv.2.1) in a group of Greek migraineurs.

Design—sample—methods
The Greek version of MSQv.2.1 (MSQv.2.1-GR), a self-report measure with 14 items in 3 domains (Role Restrictive (RR), Role Preventive (RP) and Emotional Function (EF)), was administered during a cross-sectional study to 141 Greek adult migraineurs and 135 controls without migraine or any other primary headache disorder, along with Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (MIDAS) and Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) to assess validity. MSQv.2.1-GR was re-administered in a group of participants with migraine two weeks afterwards to assess reliability. Content and construct validity was assessed using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), Spearman rho, McDonald’s omega, Cronbach’s alpha. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the latent structure of the MSQv.2.1-GR in migraineurs.

Results
A total of 276 adults participated in the study. Internal consistency of the three MSQv.2.1-GR scales RR, RP and EF yielded a range of McDonald’s omega from 0.832 to 0.923 (Cronbach’s alpha from 0.814 to 0.923). CFA confirmed the proposed three-factor MSQv.2.1-GR latent structure with acceptable goodness of fit indices and factor loadings. Correlations were established between MSQv2.1-GR component and MIDAS scores, showing moderate and statistically significant relationships (from − 0.519 to −0.562, all p < 0.001) for RR, RP and EF. Correlations between MSQv2.1-GR and SF-12 component scores were identified, with values from 0.1 to 0.4, indicating low to moderate associations. ICC was calculated at 0.997, indicating a high level of reliability between the measures. Notably, all MSQv2.1-GR scores (RR, RP, EF) were significantly higher in the controls compared to migraineurs (p < 0.001 for all scales). These findings suggest that MSQv2.1-GR is internally consistent, shows significant correlations with relevant measures, and is effective in discriminating controls from migraineurs.

Conclusion
MSQv2.1-GR is a valid and reliable tool to determine the effect migraine has on the quality of life of Greek-speaking migraineurs.
A semantic-based model with a hybrid feature engineering process for accurate spam detection
Authors: Mohammed Chira N. , Ahmed Ayah M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDetecting spam emails is essential to maintaining the security and integrity of email communication. Existing research has made significant progress in developing effective spam detection models, but challenges remain in improving classification performance and adaptability to evolving spamming techniques. In this study, we propose a novel spam detection model with a comprehensive feature engineering approach that combines term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) vectorizer and word embedding features to optimize the feature space. Our contribution lies in integrating semantic-based word embeddings, leveraging pre-existing knowledge to capture the semantic meaning of words and enhance the representation of email texts. To identify the most suitable word embedding technique for our model, we evaluated GloVe, Word2Vec, and FastText. GloVe was selected for its better performance, which is the result of its pre-training on a large and diverse text corpus. Furthermore, the model was evaluated without word embeddings, which did not exhibit the same effectiveness level as our word embedding-based model. Additionally, we utilized the support vector machine as a classifier and hyperparameter tuning technique to identify our model’s most effective parameter values. The proposed model was tested on two datasets. The experimental results showed that our model outperformed the other models discussed in the literature, achieving an accuracy of 99.5% on the SpamAssassin dataset, and 99.28% on the Enron-Spam dataset.
Pregnant mother’s intention to use mobile phone-based messaging interventions for improving maternal and newborn health practices in Jimma Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Abdissa Hordofa Gutema , Duguma Gebeyehu Bulcha , Ababulgu Fira Abamecha , Lemu Yohannes Kebede , Gerbaba Mulusew , Noll Josef , Sori Demisew Amenu , Koricha Zewdie Birhanu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Mobile phone-based messaging for maternal education has shown promising outcomes in promoting maternal and child healthcare in low- and middle-income countries, where there is poor utilization of healthcare services. However, the success of a mobile phone messaging-based intervention depends on identifying and addressing the underlying factors that determine its utilization before implementation.

Objective
To assess pregnant mothers’ intention to use a mobile phone-based messaging intervention to improve maternal and newborn health in Jimma Zone, Ethiopia.

Method
This study employed a cross-sectional study design among randomly selected pregnant mothers residing in six primary health care units that were selected from three districts of Jimma Zone, Ethiopia. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, mean, and standard deviation were calculated and presented using tables. Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to identify predictors of intention. Standardized regression coefficients were used to understand the effect of the independent variables and outcome variable. A 95% confidence interval and a p-value of < 0.05 were considered significant.

Result
Two hundred seventy-nine pregnant mothers participated in this study, resulting in a 98.9% response rate. Almost all (98.9%) respondents preferred the Afan Oromo language, 41.9% of respondents preferred the afternoon and 48.4% preferred receiving health information as text messages once daily. Having family members who can share SMS information (β = 0.098, 95% CI: (0.279—1.867), perceived usefulness (β = 0.283, 95% CI: (0.143—0.341), perceived easiness (β = 0.209, 95% CI: (0.054—0.392), perceived acceptability (β = 0.158, 95% CI: (0.007—0.178) and perceived feasibility (β = 0.186, 95% CI: (0.057—0.284) were found to have a positive significant association with the intention to use mobile phone-based messaging for maternal and newborn health.

Conclusion
The majority of respondents preferred receiving mobile phone-based messaging on MNH in the Afan Oromo language, during the afternoon, and once daily. Having family members who share text message information, perceived usefulness, perceived easiness, perceived acceptability, and feasibility were significantly associated with intention. These findings highlight the importance of considering user preferences and determinants of intention when designing mobile phone-based messaging.
Genetic diversity and natural selection analysis of VAR2CSA and vir genes: implication for vaccine development
Authors: Hawadak Joseph , Arya Aditi , Chaudhry Shewta , Singh Vineeta 
Published: July 2024

AbstractVariable surface antigens (VSAs) encoded by var and vir genes in Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, respectively, are known to be involved in malaria pathogenesis and host immune escape through antigenic variations. Knowledge of the genetic diversity of these antigens is essential for malaria control and effective vaccine development. In this study, we analysed the genetic diversity and evolutionary patterns of two fragments (DBL2X and DBL3X) of VAR2CSA gene and four vir genes (vir 4, vir 12, vir 21 and vir 27) from different endemic regions, including Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. High levels of segregating sites (S) and haplotype diversity (Hd) were observed in both var and vir genes. Among vir genes, vir 12 (S = 131, Hd = 0.996) and vir 21 (S = 171, Hd = 892) were found to be more diverse as compared to vir 4 (S = 11, Hd = 0.748) and vir 27 (S = 23, Hd = 0.814). DBL2X (S = 99, Hd = 0.996) and DBL3X (S = 307, Hd = 0.999) fragments showed higher genetic diversity. Our analysis indicates that var and vir genes are highly diverse and follow the similar evolutionary pattern globally. Some codons showed signatures of positive or negative selection pressure, but vir and var genes are likely to be under balancing selection. This study highlights the high variability of var and vir genes and underlines the need of functional experimental studies to determine the most relevant allelic forms for effective progress towards vaccine formulation and testing.
External Validation and Update of the Risk Prediction Model for Denosumab-Induced Hypocalcemia Developed From a Hospital-Based Administrative Database
Authors: Ikegami Keisuke , Imai Shungo , Yasumuro Osamu , Tsuchiya Masami , Henmi Naomi , Suzuki Mariko , Hayashi Katsuhisa , Miura Chisato , Abe Haruna , Kizaki Hayato , Funakoshi Ryohkan , Sato Yasunori , Hori Satoko 
Published: July 2024

PURPOSE Denosumab is used to treat patients with bone metastasis from solid tumors, but sometimes causes severe hypocalcemia, so careful clinical management is important. This study aims to externally validate our previously developed risk prediction model for denosumab-induced hypocalcemia by using data from two facilities with different characteristics in Japan and to develop an updated model with improved performance and generalizability. METHODS In the external validation, retrospective data of Kameda General Hospital (KGH) and Miyagi Cancer Center (MCC) between June 2013 and June 2022 were used and receiver operating characteristic (ROC)-AUC was mainly evaluated. A scoring-based updated model was developed using the same data set from a hospital-based administrative database as previously employed. Selection of variables related to prediction of hypocalcemia was based on the results of external validation. RESULTS For the external validation, data from 235 KGH patients and 224 MCC patients were collected. ROC-AUC values in the original model were 0.879 and 0.774, respectively. The updated model consisting of clinical laboratory tests (calcium, albumin, and alkaline phosphatase) afforded similar ROC-AUC values in the two facilities (KGH, 0.837; MCC, 0.856). CONCLUSION We developed an updated risk prediction model for denosumab-induced hypocalcemia with small interfacility differences. Our results indicate the importance of using data from plural facilities with different characteristics in the external validation of generalized prediction models and may be generally relevant to the clinical application of risk prediction models. Our findings are expected to contribute to improved management of bone metastasis treatment.