bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrodynamic effects of spines: A different spin
Authors: Nguyen Hoa , Karp‐Boss Lee , Jumars Peter A. , Fauci Lisa 
Published: February 2013

Lay AbstractWhen placed in a simple linear gradient of velocity, elongate objects, including many phytoplankton, spend the most time with their longest axis aligned with the flow vectors, but they tumble with a frequency that depends on their ratio of length to width. This tumbling is important because it causes relative motion of phytoplankton cells and nearby fluid, thinning chemical boundary layers and thereby speeding diffusive supply of nutrients to the cells, and it also influences phytoplankton encounter rates with grazers. For both oblate and prolate spheroids, shapes resembling a smoothed discus and football, respectively, tumbling frequency can be predicted accurately from simple theory. Many planktonic organisms, however, have complex shapes produced by spines that extend in varying numbers, at varying angles, and to varying distances from the body or cell. We used numerical models to examine how rigid, spiny phytoplankton cells tumble in a simple linear gradient of velocity. We found that their tumbling was in general well approximated by that of the smallest oblate or prolate spheroid that could contain both the cell and its spines. Investigations that examine the tumbling of cells with flexible spines remain to be done.
Microdistribution of a torrential stream invertebrate: Are bottom‐up, top‐down, or hydrodynamic controls most important?
Authors: Hoover Trent M. , Ackerman Josef Daniel 
Published: February 2013

Lay AbstractIn general, stream food webs consist of algae (periphyton; primary producers growing on rocks) that are consumed by grazing invertebrates, which are in turn preyed upon by a variety of predators. Many invertebrate grazers avoid predators by hiding under rocks during the daytime when visual predators like fish are active, or by seeking high‐velocity microhabitats where invertebrate predators cannot access them. We examined the food web in a mountain stream in the Rocky Mountains by placing marked rocks in the streambed and measuring the distributions of local bed shear stress (force per unit area across the bottom; τw), periphyton, and herbivorous invertebrates. Grazing mayfly larvae (Epeorus longimanus (Eaton)) were the only invertebrates (grazer or predator) found in large numbers on the upper surface of stones. τw increased from the upstream to the downstream portion of stones, and large numbers of Epeorus larvae (up to 1500 larvae per square meter) migrated to these areas nightly. More periphyton was found on rougher and higher areas of the stones. Larval density was positively related to stone surface roughness and topography and to a lesser extent with periphyton and τw. Reversing the stones in the streambed revealed that Epeorus larvae responded to near‐bed flows, rather than to periphyton or predators. Hydrodynamics can have important effects on stream ecosystems and their food webs.
Energetics of swimming to shore in the puerulus stage of a spiny lobster: Can a postlarval lobster afford the cost of crossing the continental shelf?
Authors: Wilkin John L. , Jeffs Andrew G. 
Published: February 2013

Lay AbstractIn their nonfeeding postlarval stage, known as puerulus, spiny lobsters migrate tens of kilometers across the continental shelf to settle in coastal waters. A mathematical model is described that analyzes hydrodynamic forces during swimming in the puerulus of the New Zealand spiny lobster, and this model is used to estimate the metabolic cost of this migration. The cost of sustained swimming is compared with observed internal metabolic energy reserves (principally in the form of lipid) for pueruli collected 20 km off the east coast of New Zealand. Sustained swimming at speeds exceeding 15 cm s− 1 will likely exhaust energy reserves before an animal can reach the coast, whereas swimming at less than 5–7 cm s− 1 is inefficient because of the overhead of nonswimming, inactive metabolism. Even at the model‐predicted optimal swimming speed near 8 cm s− 1, pueruli are likely at the limit of their endurance upon completion of migration. Reduced energy reserves at the outset due to prior poor feeding, or delays encountered en route due to unfavorable currents, could lead to exceeding the stored reserves of the pueruli, and death. Potentially, relatively small shifts in coastal ocean climate conditions could generate marked changes in recruitment to important spiny lobster fisheries.
Viewing the World from Different Angles: Plato’s Timaeus 54E-55A
Authors: Paparazzo Ernesto 
Published: February 2013

Abstract The present article investigates a passage of the Timaeus in which Plato describes the construction of the pyramid. Scholars traditionally interpreted it as involving that the solid angle at the vertex of the pyramid is equal, or nearly so, to 180°, a value which they took to be that of the most obtuse of plane angles. I argue that this interpretation is not warranted, because it conflicts with both the geometrical principles which Plato in all probability knew and the context of the Timaeus. As well as recalling the definitions and properties of plane angles and solid angles in Euclid’s Elements, I offer an alternative interpretation, which in my opinion improves the comprehension of the passage, and makes it consistent with both the immediate and wider context of the Timaeus. I suggest that the passage marks a transition from plane geometry to solid geometry within Plato’s account of the universe.
The Threat to Israel’s Identity in Deuteronomy: Mesopotamian or Levantine?
Authors: Crouch Carly L. 
Published: February 2013

Deuteronomy contains a number of indications which locate its interests in the Levant rather than in Mesopotamia. This observation challenges two major theories of the book’s origins: Deuteronomy as pre-exilic attempt to subvert Assyrian imperial power and Deuteronomy as exilic, utopian manifesto for a restored Israel. The indications of a true Levantine context for the deuteronomic interest are identified in both the legal content of the book (passages which presuppose the audience’s presence in the land or identify its interests with the southern Levant and its inhabitants) and in its terminology (»in/from your midst«, »other gods«, lack of »foreigner« language). Note is also made of later attempts to reapply material originally orientated toward the Levant to an exilic population dealing with Mesopotamian culture.
Le Deutéronome contient un certain nombre d’indices qui en situent les intérêts au Levant plutôt qu’en Mésopotamie. Ceci met en cause les deux principales théories quant aux origines du livre: soit un essai, pré-exilique, de subversion face au pouvoir impérial assyrien; soit un programme utopique, d’époque exilique, pour un Israël restauré. Les indices en faveur d’un contexte levantin des intérêts du Deutéronomiste sont à relever aussi bien dans le contexte législatif du livre (passages qui présupposent la présence des auditeurs dans le pays ou qui identifient leurs intérêts avec ceux du Levant méridional et de ses habitants) que dans sa terminologie (»dans/en-dehors de vous«, »les autres dieux«, absence de langue »étrangère «). Ce n’est qu’ultérieurement que des textes, qui visaient à l’origine le Levant, ont été appliqués à une population exilique confrontée à la culture mésopotamienne.
Das Deuteronomium enthält eine Reihe von Hinweisen, wonach seine Interessen mehr in der Levante als in Mesopotamien liegen. Das stellt zwei Haupttheorien zur Herkunft des Buches in Frage, nämlich dass es sich beim Dtn um einen vorexilischer Versuch, den assyrischen Großmachtsanspruch zu unterlaufen, oder um ein exilisches, utopisches Programm für ein erneuertes Israel handele. Die Indizien für einen levantinischen Kontext werden sowohl im legislativen Inhalt des Buches (in den Abschnitten, die die Gegenwart der Hörer im Land voraussetzen oder ihre Interessen mit der südlichen Levante und deren Bewohnern identifizieren) als auch in der Terminologie (»in/aus eurer Mitte«, »andere Götter«, das fehlende Sprechen über »Fremde«) gefunden. Erst später seien Texte, die ursprünglich auf die Levante zielten, auf eine exilische Bevölkerung übertragen worden, in Auseinandersetzung mit mesopotamischer Kultur.
Optimizing Thermoelectric Efficiency of La3-xTe4 with Calcium Metal Substitution
Authors: Clarke Samantha M. , Ma James M. , Huang C.-K. , von Allmen Paul A. , Vo Trinh , Kaner Richard B. , Bux Sabah K. , Fleurial Jean-Pierre 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTLa3-xTe4 is a state-of-the-art high temperature n-type thermoelectric material with a previously reported maximum zT∼1.1 at 1273 K. Computational modeling suggests the La atoms play a crucial role in defining the density of states for La3-xTe4 in the conduction band. In addition to controlling charge carrier concentration, substitution with Ca2+ atoms on the La3+ site is explored as a potential means to tune the density of states and result in larger Seebeck coefficients. High purity, oxide-free samples are produced by ball milling of the elements and consolidated by spark plasma sintering. Powder XRD and electron microprobe analysis are used to characterize the material. High temperature thermoelectric properties are reported and compared with La3-xTe4 compositions. A maximum zT of 1.3 is reached at 1273 K for the composition La2.22Ca0.775Te4.
Sizing and Modeling of the Sewage System in the City of Wroclaw / Wymiarowanie I Modelowanie Kanalizacji Deszczowej We Wrocławiu
Authors: Kotowski Andrzej , Kaźmierczak Bartosz 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The paper presents verification of selected flow time methods in terms of usability for sewage systems design and sizing on the example of a model municipal flat drainage area of the area of 2 km2. Namely, the sewage system network was sized using three methods, that is, MGN with Błaszczyk’s formula, MGN with the precipitation model for WROCLAW and MWO with the precipitation model for Wroclaw, and then, the network functioning was verified for damming up on the area surface and flooding from drains using the hydrodynamic model SWMM 5.0. The precipitation model of Euler type II was used as the drainage area load in the conditions of Wroclaw, for which the probabilistic model of the maximum precipitation was developed. It was shown that the safe flow time method for sewage system sizing is MWO using the criterion for the lack of damming up for the area and flooding from drains.
Psychologically based, anti-prejudice educational intervention – project.
Authors: Popiołek Katarzyna , Wójcik Małgorzata 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

The presented study explores the possibility of creating and implementing educational program which would
reduce intergroup bias in realistic high school setting. The project was based on the assumption that there is the need
of easily applicable, anti-prejudice intervention, which would be appropriate to introduce into foreign language course
books, would be universal in terms of changing negative attitudes and would meet all methodological requirements of
language lessons. Crossed categorization and the common ingroup identity model were used as theoretical basis for 30
English lesson scenarios on B2 level (upper-intermediate). It was shown that after the intervention there was a significant
change in the students’ attitude toward the outgroup and the outgroup members. The implications of these findings are
discussed.
Styles of behaviour in interpersonal conflict concept and research tool (Conflict behaviour questionnaire).
Authors: Balawajder Krystyna 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

The article presents the main types of conflict behaviour with the author’s proposal of their classification. The
suggested classification is based on the way in which an individual deals with a partner’s adverse influence on his/her
self-interest and welfare in a conflict situation. Four possible ways of coping i.e. attack, amicable settlement, defence, and
yielding have been distinguished. On the basis of this behaviour classification, the Conflict Behaviour Questionnaire was
compiled and its reliability and validity was assessed.
The Joint Vibration Analysis of a Multi-Link Surgical Manipulator
Authors: Leniowska Lucyna , Leniowski Ryszard 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
This paper presents a vibration analysis of a multi-link surgical micromanipulator joint, based on its detailed mathematical model. The manipulator’s prototype contains 6 links with the diameter of 8-10 [mm] and with the length of the modules of about 130 [mm]. It is driven by brushless servomotors with worm and planetary gears, for which the total transmission ratio is above 1/10000. Regarding the low efficiency of micro-robot drive systems and its vibrations, a reliable joint model and its performance is crucial for the development of a high-precision control system. To achieve the required accuracy, modelling framework has been enriched with an advanced model of friction. Simulation results are presented and discussed.
Noise Elimination of a Multi-tone Broadband Noise with Hybrid Helmholtz Mufflers Using a Simulated Annealing Method
Authors: Chiu Min-Chie 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Noise control is essential in an enclosed machine room where the noise level has to comply with the occupational safety and health act. In order to overcome a pure tone noise with a high peak value that is harmful to human hearing, a traditional reactive muffler has been used. However, the traditional method for designing a reactive muffler has proven to be time-consuming and insufficient. In order to efficiently reduce the peak noise level, interest in shape optimization of a Helmholtz muffler is coming to the forefront.
Helmholtz mufflers that deal with a pure tone have been adequately researched. However, the shape optimization of multi-chamber Helmholtz mufflers that deal with a broadband noise hybridized with multiple tones within a constrained space has been mostly ignored. Therefore, this study analyzes the sound transmission loss (STL) and the best optimized design for a hybrid Helmholtz muffler under a space- constrained situation. On the basis of the plane wave theory, the four-pole system matrix used to evaluate the acoustic performance of a multi-tone hybrid Helmholtz muffler is presented. Two numerical cases for eliminating one/two tone noises emitted from a machine room using six kinds of mufflers (muffler A~F) is also introduced. To find the best acoustical performance of a space-constrained muffler, a numerical assessment using a simulated annealing (SA) method is adopted. Before the SA operation can be carried out, the accuracy of the mathematical model has been checked using the experimental data. Eliminating a broadband noise hybridized with a pure tone (130 Hz) in Case I reveals that muffler C composed of a one- chamber Helmholtz Resonator and a one-chamber dissipative element has a noise reduction of 54.9 (dB). Moreover, as indicated in Case II, muffler F, a two-chamber Helmholtz Resonator and a one-chamber dissipative element, has a noise reduction of 69.7 (dB). Obviously, the peak values of the pure tones in Case I and Case II are efficiently reduced after the muffler is added.
Consequently, a successful approach in eliminating a broadband noise hybridized with multiple tones using optimally shaped hybrid Helmholtz mufflers and a simulated annealing method within a constrained space is demonstrated.
Analysis of the Grid Sampling Method for Noise Mapping
Authors: Gómez Escobar Valentín , Barrigón Morillas Juan Miguel , Rey Gozalo Guillermo , Vílchez-Gómez Rosendo , Carmona Del Río Javier , Méndez Sierra Juan A. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The grid method is the most widely used technique for measurement-based noise assessment, and indeed is part of the ISO 1996-2 standard. Nevertheless it has certain disadvantages. The present work is an analysis of the grid method for evaluating noise, firstly in the city of Cáceres and, secondly in two other smaller towns. Using as reference a 200 metre grid study, a study was made of the effect of varying the size and form of the grid on the city’s overall noise value, the percentage of data found to lie above some reference thresholds, and the noise value assigned to a certain zone of the city. The ISO 1996 recommendations of the necessity of new sampling points and the method’s predictive capacity for these new measurements were also analyzed.
Joint Factor Analysis of Channel Mismatch in Whispering Speaker Verification
Authors: Lv Gang , Zhao Heming 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
A speaker recognition system based on joint factor analysis (JFA) is proposed to improve whispering speakers’ recognition rate under channel mismatch. The system estimated separately the eigenvoice and the eigenchannel before calculating the corresponding speaker and the channel factors. Finally, a channel-free speaker model was built to describe accurately a speaker using model compensation. The test results from the whispered speech databases obtained under eight different channels showed that the correct recognition rate of a recognition system based on JFA was higher than that of the Gaussian Mixture Model-Universal Background Model. In particular, the recognition rate in cellphone channel tests increased significantly.
Dna Sequence Assembly Involving an Acyclic Graph Model
Authors: Blazewicz Jacek , Frohmberg Wojciech , Gawron Piotr , Kasprzak Marta , Kierzynka Michal , Swiercz Aleksandra , Wojciechowski Pawel 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The problem of DNA sequence assembly is well known for its high complexity. Experimental errors of di erent kinds present in data and huge sizes of the problem instances make this problem very hard to solve. In order to deal with such data, advanced efficient heuristics must be constructed. Here, we propose a new approach to the sequence assembly problem, modeled as the problem of searching for paths in an acyclic digraph. Since the graph representing an assembly instance is not acyclic in general, it is heuristically transformed into the acyclic form. This approach reduces the time of computations significantly and allows to maintain high quality of produced solutions.
Le tourisme dans l'outre-mer français face à la contrainte carbone
Authors: Ceron Jean-Paul , Dubois Ghislain 
Published: February 2013

Dans la perspective d'une réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre, le tourisme vers les destinations lointaines apparaît problématique. Cet article évalue les émissions, identifie les variables d'action pour les réduire, et articule ces dernières dans le cadre de scénarios à 2025 pour un ensemble de destinations : Guadeloupe, Réunion, Polynésie française et Nouvelle-Calédonie. Au côté de critères comme la protection de la biodiversité ou la lutte contre la pauvreté, les agences de développement devront intégrer cette contrainte carbone dans leur décision sur l’opportunité ou non de soutenir le tourisme.
Structure industrielle et développement local du littoral tunisien, 1998-2004
Authors: Amara Mohamed , Thabet Khaled 
Published: February 2013

L’objectif de cet article est de tester l’existence d’une relation entre la structure industrielle (spécialisation, diversité, concurrence locale et taille des firmes), le salaire et les investissements directs étrangers d’une part, et la performance productive des entreprises manufacturières en termes de valeur ajoutée, d’autre part. Pour cinq secteurs industriels répartis sur 138 délégations du littoral tunisien et observés sur la période 1998-2004, les résultats d’estimation d’un modèle en données de panel non cylindré montrent que la spécialisation, la diversification et la concurrence locale sont toutes bénéfiques pour le développement industriel. Les résultats révèlent également que les entreprises de grande taille sont les plus productives et que les investissements directs étrangers ont un effet négatif sur la valeur ajoutée des secteurs manufacturiers.
To Live or to Die for Art: Vicki Baum’s Artist Novel Die Karriere der Doris Hart in the Light of Willa Cather’s The Song of the Lark
Authors: Fjelkestam Kristina 
Published: February 2013

Cette étude est centrée sur le roman allemand Die Karriere der Doris Hart, publié en 1936. Son auteur, Vicki Baum, à l’époque grand écrivain de best-sellers, est aujourd’hui oublié. Die Karriere der Doris Hart raconte l’histoire du succès dramatique d’une chanteuse d’opéra. Le roman est écrit de telle sorte que l’objectivité critique du Neue Sachlichkeit se heurte à et rompt avec un idéal plus ancien de l’artiste. Cependant, à la fin du roman, l’idéal romantique persiste : cet essai tente d’expliquer ce phénomène. L’article s’ouvre sur une présentation des critères formels de la littérature du Neue Sachlichkeit qui contextualise synchroniquement Die Karriere der Doris Hart. Puis, un parallèle diachronique est établi entre ce roman et le genre du roman de l’artiste, et en particulier le texte qui est à considérer comme son intertexte, à savoir The Song of the Lark de Willa Cather, qui date de 1915. Enfin, l’essai se termine sur une analyse comparative avec The Song of the Lark.
Mathematical Modeling and Data Analysis of Nmr Experiments Using Hyperpolarized 13C Metabolites
Authors: Pagès Guilhem , Kuchel Philip W. 
Published: February 2013

Rapid-dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) has made significant impact in the characterization and understanding of metabolism that occurs on the sub-minute timescale in several diseases. While significant efforts have been made in developing applications, and in designing rapid-imaging radiofrequency (RF) and magnetic field gradient pulse sequences, very few groups have worked on implementing realistic mathematical/kinetic/relaxation models to fit the emergent data. The critical aspects to consider when modeling DNP experiments depend on both nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and (bio)chemical kinetics. The former constraints are due to the relaxation of the NMR signal and the application of ‘read’ RF pulses, while the kinetic constraints include the total amount of each molecular species present. We describe the model-design strategy we have used to fit and interpret our DNP results. To our knowledge, this is the first report on a systematic analysis of DNP data.
Bibliographic Displays in Web Catalogs: Does Conformity to Design Guidelines Correlate with User Performance?
Authors: Cheery Joan M. , Muter Paul , Szigeti Steve J. 
Published: February 2013

The present study investigated whether there is a correlation between user performance and compliance with screen-design guidelines found in the literature. Rather than test individual guidelines and their interactions, the authors took a more holistic approach and tested a compilation of guidelines. Nine bibliographic display formats were scored using a checklist of eighty-six guidelines. Twenty-seven participants completed ninety search tasks using the displays in a simulated Web environment. None of the correlations indicated that user performance was statistically significantly faster with greater conformity to guidelines. In some cases, user performance was actually significantly slower with greater conformity to guidelines. In a supplementary study, a different set of forty-three guidelines and the user performance data from the main study were used. Again, none of the correlations indicated that user performance was statistically significantly faster with greater conformity to guidelines.