bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Can Cognitive Media Studies Bring to Social Justice?
Authors: Moss-Wellington Wyatt , Vaage Margrethe Bruun , Brylla Catalin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This special issue is dedicated to research on cognition, stigma, and inclusion in film and media studies. We aim to highlight existing research in cognitive media theory and social justice, and also to bring in diverse perspectives from adjacent fields to foster interdisciplinary research into the future. In bringing these voices together, we hope to demonstrate the diverse nature of current research in cognitive film and media theory, and to disentangle cognitive traditions from their place in a historic binary opposition of cognitive and cultural approaches in screen studies.
Empathic Nuances of Machine-Mediated Asylum-Seeker Narratives
Authors: McNamara Robert G. , Tikka Pia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The use of artificial human-like agents within the legal context of immigration is still a largely understudied topic. We employed a computer- generated asylum seeker with a narrative interpolated by ChatGPT4 to examine whether “uncanniness” in machine-mediation affected empathic decision-making. In an online study, 466 participants were instructed on the United Nations’ legal standard for granting asylum. They were then asked to simulate the role of an immigration officer by deciding whether an asylum narrative, conveyed either by written text or spoken by a computer- generated asylum seeker, met the standard. Results show that regardless of the narrative's mode of delivery, the same facts overwhelmingly led to the granting of asylum. Our findings encourage new applications of machine-mediated approaches to the promotion of social justice initiatives.
Waxing and waning consciousness in a patient with a midbrain cavernous malformation: illustrative case
Authors: Mazzaglia Guido , Falco Jacopo , Rossi Sebastiano Davide , Savoldi Anna Paola , Magnani Francesca Giulia , Castelli Arianna , Ferroli Paolo , Gemma Marco 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
Understanding the intricate relationship between consciousness and the midbrain’s structures remains a significant challenge in neuroscience. Transient lesions are perfect examples of the physiological functioning mechanism of these structures.

OBSERVATIONS
The authors present the case of a 49-year-old female who experienced a transient disorder of consciousness due to a midbrain hematoma following surgical interventions to remove a cavernous malformation in the midbrain. This case explores the interplay between the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) and the thalamic centers, highlighting the role of structural disruptions in influencing consciousness levels. Notably, the patient’s recovery correlated with the resolution of midbrain edema, reinstating normal ARAS function and consciousness.

LESSONS
In patients affected by midbrain lesions, edema can lead to a fluctuating neurological status, which can be difficult to diagnose. This case highlights the midbrain’s crucial role in the consciousness network and the need to comprehend the intricate connections between subcortical and cortical structures for a comprehensive understanding of human consciousness.
https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE2411
Contralateral approach to giant ruptured and unruptured ophthalmic artery aneurysms: patient series
Authors: Seferi Arsen , Rroji Arben , Alimehmeti Ridvan , Grada Mirel , Enesi Eugen , Nico Elsa , Demneri Mithat , Petrela Mentor 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
Giant ophthalmic artery (OphA) aneurysms remain surgically challenging despite the progress in endovascular treatments. This study describes the contralateral interoptic corridor in select patients based on imaging criteria suitable for clipping. The aim of this study was to show that despite the growing use of novel endovascular techniques, such as coil embolization and flow diversion, for the treatment of OphA aneurysms, microsurgical clipping may still be preferred for giant ones under certain conditions.

OBSERVATIONS
The authors retrospectively reviewed the records of the microsurgical treatment of unruptured and ruptured giant OphA aneurysms at the University Hospital Center “Mother Teresa,” Tirana, from 2007 to 2016. Four patients were selected for microsurgery and the contralateral approach using ophthalmic evaluations and coronal imaging on computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and digital subtraction angiography that demonstrated aneurysms with a small neck and an orientation between 11 and 13 on the coronal clock face. A prefixed chiasm was a contraindication to this approach.

LESSONS
Giant OphA aneurysms can be safely clipped through a contralateral interoptic corridor without creating new visual deficits or a residual aneurysm.
https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE2473
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN BERBAHASA MENGGUNAKAN METODE KOMPARASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING PADA SISWA KELAS IV SDN 48 KOTA TERNATE
Authors: Nurharyanto Dwi Widyastuti , Abdy Iwan 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh masalah kurangnya keterampilan berbahasa dengan fokus membaca mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia pada siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 48 Kota Ternate. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai melalui penelitian ini yaitu meningkatkan keterampilan berbahasa dengan fokus membaca pada siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 48 Kota Ternate, siswa mampu memahami dan mengidentifikasi isi teks bacaan serta menyajikan ulang informasi yang didapat dari teks bacaan tersebut menggunakan kalimat sediri dengan baik. Penelitian ini menjadi bagian dalam Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK), yang dilakukan pada siswa kelas IV SDN Negeri 48 Kota Ternate melalui metode komparasi atau perbandingan model pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) pada siklus I dan Direct Learning pada siklus II. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran Contextual Teaching And Learning (CTL) mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa khususnya pada mata Pelajaran bahasa Indonesia kelas IV. Hal ini terbukti dari data hasil belajar 25 orang siswa pada pra siklus dengan ketuntasan 11 orang siswa (44%), siklus I dengan ketuntasan 23 orang siswa (92%), siklus II dengan ketuntasan 19 orang siswa (76%). Kata Kunci: keterampilan berbahasa, kemampuan membaca, model pembelajaran
Comparison of Maceration and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Method in Determining Quercetin Content of Clitoria ternatea L. Flowers
Authors: Wardatun Sri , Ahyar Akmal Zainul , Nining Euis 
Published: August 2024

Butterfly pea flowers (Clitoria ternatea L.) contain the compound quercetin which has been studied extensively. Butterfly pea flowers have shown various pharmacological activities. The extraction method has an impact on the amount of active compound extracted. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of different extraction methods on quercetin content of C. ternatea L flowers using the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The HPLC system uses an ODS-3 column stationary phase; a mobile phase mixture of 0.1 % orthophosphoric acid and methanol (36:64); a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min; and a PDA-UV detector. The extraction methods used were maceration, and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) using methanol as a solvent. The results showed that the quercetin content of C. ternatea L flower extract with maceration method results was 1.0669 ± 0.0283 mg/g and with UAE method was 1.3915 ± 0.1789 mg/g. Statistical test results showed that differences in both extraction method did not have a significant effect on quercetin content. However, the UAE method is considered more efficient in terms of extraction time, so the UAE method can be used as an alternative for extracting quercetin from C. ternatea L. flowers.
Advances in magnetic induction hyperthermia
Authors: Zhang Yun-Fei , Lu Mai 
Published: August 2024

Magnetic induction hyperthermia (MIH), is a technique that has developed rapidly in recent years in the field of tumor thermotherapy. It implants a magnetic heating medium (millimeter-sized heat seeds, micron-sized magnetic particles and nanometer-sized magnetic fluids, etc.) inside the tumor. The material heats up under the induction of an external alternating magnetic field (100–500 kHz), which causes a high temperature zone to rapidly form in the local biological tissues and induces apoptosis in tumor cells. Magnetic induction hyperthermia has the advantages of high safety, strong targeting, repeatable treatment, and the size of the incision during treatment is negligible compared to surgical resection, and is currently used in clinical treatment. However, the millimeter-scale heat seed heating that is typically used in treatments can result in uneven temperatures within the tissue. Common MIH heating devices are bulky and complex in design, and are not easy for medical staff to get their hands on, which are issues that limit the diffusion of MIH. In this view, this paper will discuss the basic theoretical research on MIH and the progress of MIH-related technologies, with a focus on the latest research and development results and research hotspots of nanoscale ferromagnetic media and magnetic heat therapy devices, as well as the validation results and therapeutic efficacy of the new MIH technology on animal experiments and clinical trials. In this paper, it is found that induction heating using magnetic nanoparticles improves the uniformity of the temperature field, and the magneto-thermal properties of nanoscale ferromagnetic materials are significantly improved. The heating device was miniaturized to simplify the operation steps, while the focusing of the magnetic field was locally enhanced. However, there are fewer studies on the biotoxicity aspects of nanomedicines, and the localized alternating magnetic field uniformity used for heating and the safety of the alternating magnetic field after irradiation of the human body have not been sufficiently discussed. Ultimately, the purpose of this paper is to advance research related to magnetic induction thermotherapy that can be applied in clinical treatment.
Unveiling the kinetic versatility of aryl-alcohol oxidases with different electron acceptors
Authors: Serrano Ana , Cinca-Fernando Paula , Carro Juan , Velázquez-Campoy Adrián , Martínez-Júlvez Marta , Martínez Ángel T. , Ferreira Patricia 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Aryl-alcohol oxidase (AAO) shows a pronounced duality as oxidase and dehydrogenase similar to that described for other glucose-methanol-choline (GMC) oxidase/dehydrogenase superfamily proteins involved in lignocellulose decomposition. In this work, we detail the overall mechanism of AAOs from Pleurotus eryngii and Bjerkandera adusta for catalyzing the oxidation of natural aryl-alcohol substrates using either oxygen or quinones as electron acceptors and describe the crystallographic structure of AAO from B. adusta in complex with a product analogue.Methods: Kinetic studies with 4-methoxybenzyl and 3-chloro-4- methoxybenzyl alcohols, including both transient-state and steady-state analyses, along with interaction studies, provide insight into the oxidase and dehydrogenase mechanisms of these enzymes. Moreover, the resolution of the crystal structure of AAO from B. adusta allowed us to compare their overall folding and the structure of the active sites of both AAOs in relation to their activities.Results and Discussion: Although both enzymes show similar mechanistic properties, notable differences are highlighted in this study. In B. adusta, the AAO oxidase activity is limited by the reoxidation of the flavin, while in P. eryngii the slower step takes place during the reductive half-reaction, which determines the overall reaction rate. By contrast, dehydrogenase activity in both enzymes, irrespective of the alcohol participating in the reaction, is limited by the hydroquinone release from the active site. Despite these differences, both AAOs are more efficient as dehydrogenases, supporting the physiological role of this activity in lignocellulosic decay. This dual activity would allow these enzymes to adapt to different environments based on the available electron acceptors.
Extracellular vesicles as mediators of stress response in embryo-maternal communication
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Omid , Reshi Qurat Ul Ain , Godakumara Kasun , Kodithuwakku Suranga , Fazeli Alireza 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: The pivotal role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in facilitating effective communication between the embryo and maternal cells during the preimplantation stage of pregnancy has been extensively explored. Nonetheless, inquiries persist regarding the alterations in EV cargo from endometrial cells under stress conditions and its potential to elicit specific stress responses in trophoblast cells. Thus, the aim of this study was to elucidate the involvement of EV miRNA miRNAs in transmitting stress signals from maternal cells to trophoblasts.Methods: The receptive endometrial epithelium analogue RL95-2 cells were subjected to stress induction with 200 µM CoCl2 for 24 h before EV isolation. JAr trophoblast spheroids, which serve as embryos, were subjected to treatment with stressed or unstressed EVs derived from RL95-2 cells for 24 h. Transcriptomic alterations in the treated JAr spheroids as well as in the untreated group, as a negative control, were investigated by mRNA sequencing. Furthermore, the changes in EV miRNAs were assessed by sequencing EV samples.Results: A comprehensive analysis comparing the miRNA profiles between stressed and unstressed EVs revealed significant changes in 25 miRNAs. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis of JAr spheroids treated with stressed RL95-2EVs versus unstressed EVs or the untreated group demonstrated 6 and 27 differentially expressed genes, respectively. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that stressed EVs induce alterations in gene expression in trophoblast cells, which is partially mediated by EV microRNAs.Discussion: Our results suggest that EVs can transfer stress signals from endometrial cells to the embryo. These discoveries shed new light on the mechanism underlying implantation failures under stress conditions. Unraveling the role of EVs in transmitting stress signals, can extend our knowledge to pave the way for targeted interventions to manage stress-related implantation failures.
The single-cell atlas of the epididymis in mice reveals the changes in epididymis function before and after sexual maturity
Authors: Zhang Jiaxin , Xie Ye , Wang Xiaoyan , Kang Yafei , Wang Chuxiong , Xie Qinying , Dong Xinyi , Tian Yonghong , Huang Donghui 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: The epididymis is important for sperm transport, maturation, and storage.Methods: The head and tail of the epididymis of 5-week-old and 10-week-old C57 BL/6J male mice were used for single-cell sequencing.Results: 10 cell types including main, basal, and narrow/clear cells are identified. Next, we performed cell subgroup analysis, functional enrichment analysis, and differentiation potential prediction on principal cells, clear cells, and basal cells. Our study indicates that the principal cells are significantly involved in sperm maturation, as well as in antiviral and anti-tumor immune responses. Clear cells are likely to play a crucial role in safeguarding sperm and maintaining epididymal pH levels. Basal cells are implicated in the regulation of inflammatory and stress responses. The composition and functions of the various cell types within the epididymis undergo significant changes before and after sexual maturity. Furthermore, pseudo-temporal analysis elucidates the protective and supportive roles of epididymal cells in sperm maturation during sexual maturation.Discussion: This study offers a theoretical framework and forecasts for the investigation of epididymal sperm maturation and epididymal immunity.
Plasma extracellular vesicle long RNA profiling identifies a predictive signature for immunochemotherapy efficacy in lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Xin , Liao Jiatao , Yang Wenyue , Li Qiaojuan , Wang Zhen , Yu Hui , Wu Xianghua , Wang Huijie , Sun Si , Zhao Xinmin , Hu Zhihuang , Wang Jialei 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe introduction of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) has marked a paradigm shift in treating Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LUSC), emphasizing the urgent need for precise molecular biomarkers to reliably forecast therapeutic efficacy. This study aims to identify potential biomarkers for immunochemotherapy efficacy by focusing on plasma extracellular vesicle (EV)-derived long RNAs (exLRs).MethodsWe enrolled 78 advanced LUSC patients undergoing first-line immunochemotherapy. Plasma samples were collected, and exLR sequencing was conducted to establish baseline profiles. A retrospective analysis was performed on 42 patients to identify differentially expressed exLRs. Further validation of the top differentially expressed exLRs was conducted using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Univariate Cox analysis was applied to determine the prognostic significance of these exLRs. Based on these findings, we developed a predictive signature (p-Signature).ResultsIn the retrospective analysis of 42 patients, we identified 460 differentially expressed exLRs, with pathways related to leukocyte migration notably enriched among non-responders. Univariate Cox analysis revealed 45 exLRs with prognostic significance. The top 6 protein-coding exLRs were validated using qRT-PCR, identifying CXCL8, SSH3, and SDHAF1 as differentially expressed between responders and non-responders. The p-Signature, comprising these three exLRs, demonstrated high accuracy in distinguishing responders from non-responders, with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.904 in the retrospective cohort and 0.812 in the prospective cohort.DiscussionThis study highlighted the potential of plasma exLR profiles in predicting LUSC treatment efficacy. Intriguingly, lower p-Signature scores were associated with increased abundance of activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, indicating a more robust immune environment. These findings suggest that the p-Signature could serve as a valuable tool in guiding personalized and effective therapeutic strategies for LUSC.
Exercise-augmented THSD7B exhibited a positive prognostic implication and tumor-suppressed functionality in pan-cancer
Authors: Luo Zhiwen , Zhu Jinguo , Fang Zhengyuan , Xu Rui , Wan Renwen , He Yanwei , Chen Yisheng , Chen Shuo , Wang Qing , Liu Qizhi , Chen Shiyi 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundBreast cancer, one of the most prevalent malignancies among women worldwide, has rising incidence rates. Physical activity, particularly exercise, has emerged as a significant modifier of cancer prognosis, influencing both tumor biology and patient outcomes.MethodsIn this study, we utilized a murine breast cancer model, dividing mice into a control group and an exercise group; the latter underwent 21 days of voluntary running. We conducted RNA sequencing, bioinformatics analysis, pan-cancer analysis, and cellular experiments to investigate the underlying mechanisms influenced by exercise.ResultsExercise led to a significant reduction in tumor size and weight. Post-exercise mRNA sequencing indicated a notable upregulation of THSD7B in the exercised mice, with significant alterations observed in pathways such as MicroRNAs in cancers and the Calcium signaling pathway. In a broader cancer context, THSD7B showed considerable expression variability, being significantly downregulated in several cancers, correlating with positive prognostic outcomes in PRAD, LAML, KIRC, and GBM and highlighting its potential role as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target. THSD7B expression was also negatively associated with processes of breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.ConclusionThis study underscores the dual role of exercise in modulating gene expression relevant to tumor growth and highlights the potential of THSD7B as a therapeutic target in cancer. Future research should further explore the specific mechanisms by which exercise and THSD7B influence cancer progression and develop immunotherapy-enhanced strategies to change patient outcomes in clinical settings.
Causal roles of skin microbiota in skin cancers suggested by genetic study
Authors: Zhu Yuhang , Liu Wanguo , Wang Mei , Wang Xu , Wang Sibo 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThere is evidence from observational studies that skin microbiota is linked to skin cancers. Nevertheless, the causal association between skin microbiota and skin cancers is yet to be fully clarified.MethodsA bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was performed to determine the causal relationship between skin microbiota and skin cancers. A total of 294 skin microbial taxa were identified from the first genome-wide association study across three skin microenvironments of two German population cohorts. Summary data of three skin cancers (malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma) were obtained from the FinnGen consortium. Moreover, sensitivity analysis examined horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity, and microenvironment-based meta-analysis confirmed the reliability of the results.ResultsWe identified 65 nominal causalities and 5 strong causal associations between skin microbiota and skin cancers. Among them, the class Bacilli revealed a bidirectional positive relationship with malignant melanoma. The class Betaproteobacteria and class Gammaproteobacteria demonstrated a causal association with an elevated risk of malignant melanoma and basal cell carcinoma, respectively. In the reverse MR analysis, malignant melanoma was associated with a lower abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes. There were no indications of significant heterogeneity in instrumental variables or evidence of horizontal pleiotropy.ConclusionOur MR analysis indicated bidirectional causal associations between skin microbiota and skin cancers, and had the potential to offer novel perspectives on the mechanistic of microbiota-facilitated carcinogenesis.
Association between the length of stay in rehabilitation and mortality among the adults with Parkinson’s disease: 2009–2019 Korean National Health Insurance Service Databases
Authors: Bae Suyeong , Hong Ickpyo , Baek Min Seok 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundRehabilitation is recognized as an effective means of alleviating the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and improving the physical and cognitive functions of patients with PD. However, research often focuses on short-term outcomes such as functioning and quality of life. This study investigated the association between the length of stay in rehabilitation and mortality among patients with PD.MethodsUsing the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, we identified 636 participants diagnosed with PD who received rehabilitation. The main outcome was all-cause mortality. We used a Cox proportional hazards regression model to examine the relationship between length of stay in rehabilitation and mortality among patients with PD.ResultsThe final sample comprised 374 females (58.81%) and 262 males (41.19%). A survival analysis revealed a significant association between the length of stay in rehabilitation and mortality, with a decrease in mortality of 16.1% in patients with PD who received one year of rehabilitation (hazard ratio = 0.839, 95% confidence interval = 0.788–0.895).ConclusionOur findings underscore the potential benefits of timely implementation of rehabilitative interventions in patients with PD and the need for comprehensive and long-term rehabilitation strategies. It also highlights the necessity of such services for patients with PD and the importance of developing patient-centered rehabilitation guidelines.