bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors of mild rectal bleeding in very low birth weight infants: a case control study
Authors: Oulmaati Abdallah , Hays Stephane , Ben Said Mohamed , Maucort-Boulch Delphine , Jordan Isabelle , Picaud Jean-Charles 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundMild rectal bleeding (MRB) is a particular clinical entity different from necrotizing enterocolitis, which significantly influences neonatal care in preterm infants. We aimed to determine the risk factors and to evaluate prospectively the clinical course of MRB.MethodsWe consecutively included in a case–control study all infants with birth weight ≤ 1500 g or gestational age ≤ 32 weeks admitted to our unit, and presenting MRB, defined as either isolated or associated with mild clinical or radiological signs. We matched each Case with two Controls. Clinical data before, after and at time of MRB were collected, together with stool cultures at time of MRB (or at similar postnatal age in Controls). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent risk factors for the development of MRB.ResultsDuring 4 years, among 823 very low birth weight (VLBW) infants admitted to our unit, 72 (8.8%) had MRB. The median duration of rectal bleeding was 1.1 [1–2] days and the fasting period lasted 2.9 [2–10] days. A relapse occurred in 24% of cases. In multivariate analysis, only hypertension during pregnancy (p = 0.019), growth restriction at onset of bleeding (p = 0.026), and exposure to ibuprofen (p = 0.003) were independent risk factors for MRB. In Cases there were more infants withClostridium Difficilein stools than in Controls (p = 0.017).ConclusionHypertension during pregnancy, even without intrauterine growth restriction, appeared to carry the same risk for MRB as exposure to ibuprofen and extrauterine growth restriction.
A specific miRNA signature promotes radioresistance of human cervical cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Bin , Chen Jun , Ren Zhenghua , Chen Yongbin , Li Jinhui , Miao Xia , Song Yang , Zhao Tao , Li Yurong , Shi Yongquan , Ren Dongqing , Liu Junye 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
The mechanisms responsible for cervical cancer radioresistance are still largely unexplored. The present study aimed to identify miRNAs associated with radioresistance of cervical cancer cells.

Methods
The radioresistant cervical cancer cell variants were established by repeated selection with irradiation. The miRNA profiles of radioresistant cells and their corresponding controls were analyzed and compared using microarray. Differentially expressed miRNAs were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. Cervical cancer cells were transfected with miRNA-specific mimics or inhibitors. Radiosensitivity of cervical cancer cells were determined using colony-forming assay.

Results
Among the differentially expressed miRNAs, 20 miRNAs showed the similar pattern of alteration (14 miRNAs were overexpressed whilst 6 were suppressed) in all three radioresistant cervical cancer cell variants compared to their controls. A miRNA signature consisting of 4 miRNAs (miR-630, miR-1246, miR-1290 and miR-3138) exhibited more than 5 folds of increase in radioresistant cells. Subsequent analysis revealed that these four miRNAs could be up-regulated in cervical cancer cells by radiation treatment in both time-dependent and dose-dependent manners. Ectopic expression of each of these 4 miRNAs can dramatically increase the survival fraction of irradiated cervical cancer cells. Moreover, inhibition of miR-630, one miRNA of the specific signature, could reverse radioresistance of cervical cancer cells.

Conclusions
The present study indicated that miRNA is involved in radioresistance of human cervical cancer cells and that a specific miRNA signature consisting of miR-630, miR-1246, miR-1290 and miR-3138 could promote radioresistance of cervical cancer cells.
Targeting Cdc42 with the small molecule drug AZA197 suppresses primary colon cancer growth and prolongs survival in a preclinical mouse xenograft model by downregulation of PAK1 activity
Authors: Zins Karin , Gunawardhana Sandun , Lucas Trevor , Abraham Dietmar , Aharinejad Seyedhossein 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Rho GTPases play important roles in cytoskeleton organization, cell cycle progression and are key regulators of tumor progression. Strategies to modulate increased Rho GTPase activities during cancer progression could have therapeutic potential.

Methods
We report here the characterization of a Cdc42-selective small-molecule inhibitor AZA197 for the treatment of colon cancer that was developed based on structural information known from previously developed compounds affecting Rho GTPase activation. We investigated the effects of AZA197 treatment on RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42 activities and associated molecular mechanisms in colon cancer cells in vitro. Therapeutic effects of AZA197 were examined in vivo using a xenograft mouse model of SW620 human colon cancer cells. After treatment, tumors were excised and processed for Ki-67 staining, TUNEL assays and Western blotting to evaluate proliferative and apoptotic effects induced by AZA197.

Results
In SW620 and HT-29 human colon cancer cells, AZA197 demonstrated selectivity for Cdc42 without inhibition of Rac1 or RhoA GTPases from the same family. AZA197 suppressed colon cancer cell proliferation, cell migration and invasion and increased apoptosis associated with down-regulation of the PAK1 and ERK signaling pathways in vitro. Furthermore, systemic AZA197 treatment reduced tumor growth in vivo and significantly increased mouse survival in SW620 tumor xenografts. Ki-67 staining and tissue TUNEL assays showed that both inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis associated with reduced PAK/ERK activation contributed to the AZA197-induced therapeutic effects in vivo.

Conclusions
These data indicate the therapeutic potential of the small-molecule inhibitor AZA197 based on targeting Cdc42 GTPase activity to modulate colorectal cancer growth.
Best proximity and fixed point results for cyclic multivalued mappings under a generalized contractive condition
Authors: De la Sen Manuel , Singh Shyam Lal , Gordji Madjid Eshaghi , Ibeas Asier , Agarwal Ravi P 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
This paper is devoted to investigating the existence of fixed points and best proximity points of multivalued cyclic self-mappings in metric spaces under a generalized contractive condition involving Hausdorff distances. Some background results for cyclic self-mappings or for multivalued self-mappings in metric fixed point theory are extended to cyclic multivalued self-mappings. An example concerned with the global stability of a time-varying discrete-time system is also discussed by applying some of the results obtained in this paper. Such an example includes the analysis with numerical simulations of two particular cases which are focused on switched discrete-time control and integrate the associate theory in the context of multivalued mappings.

MSC:47H10, 55M20, 54H25.
Earthcasting the future Critical Zone
Authors: Goddéris Yves , Brantley Susan L 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
As humans continue to impact the Critical Zone, we need to project how our environment will evolve into the future. To model such change requires the ability to simulate interactions among the lithosphere, pedosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere — including the activities of humans. Such projections, which some have called earthcasts, must be made with mechanistic models that capture the important phenomena, as well as scenarios of human behavior. As an example, we present earthcasts of future weathering in the mid-continent of the USA into the next century of projected warming. Rates of sequestration of CO2 from the atmosphere due to weathering will change in the future as carbonate and silicate minerals are dissolved or precipitated in soil. The downward or upward advance of the carbonate reaction front in the soil is an analogue of the oceanic lysocline. Like the movement of the oceanic lysocline in response to oceanic acidification, this terrestrial lysocline will likely move due to fluxes of CO2 driven by human activity. Understanding this and other responses to perturbations will best be achieved using multiple models for earthcasting.
Calcineurin Activity Assay Measurement by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry in the Multiple Reaction Monitoring Mode
Authors: Carr Lynn , Gagez Anne-Laure , Essig Marie , Sauvage François-Ludovic , Marquet Pierre , Gastinel Louis Noel 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDBlood concentrations of the calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) cyclosporine and tacrolimus are currently measured to monitor immunosuppression in transplant patients. The measurement of calcineurin (CN) phosphatase activity has been proposed as a complementary pharmacodynamic approach. However, determining CN activity with current methods is not practical. We developed a new method amenable to routine use.METHODSUsing liquid chromatography–multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (LC-MRM-MS), we quantified CN activity by measuring the dephosphorylation of a synthetic phosphopeptide substrate. A stable isotope analog of the product peptide served as internal standard, and a novel inhibitor cocktail minimized dephosphorylation by other major serine/threonine phosphatases. The assay was used to determine CN activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from 20 CNI-treated kidney transplant patients and 9 healthy volunteers.RESULTSLinearity was observed from 0.16 to 2.5 μmol/L of product peptide, with accuracy in the 15% tolerance range. Intraassay and interassay recoveries were 100.6 (9.6) and 100 (7.5), respectively. Michaelis–Menten kinetics for purified CN were Km = 10.7 (1.6) μmol/L, Vmax = 2.8 (0.3) μmol/min · mg, and for Jurkat lysate, Km = 182.2 (118.0) μmol/L, Vmax = 0.013 (0.006) μmol/min · mg. PBMC CN activity was successfully measured in a single tube with an inhibitor cocktail.CONCLUSIONSBecause LC-MRM-MS is commonly used in routine clinical dosage of drugs, this CN activity assay could be applied, with parallel blood drug concentration monitoring, to a large panel of patients to reevaluate the validity of PBMC CN activity monitoring.
“Take Two” Reviews Books
Authors: Warne Jude , Wisniewski Shane 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT
Un-American Psycho: Brian De Palma and the Political Invisible, Chris Dumas (2012) Bristol: Intellect Books, 240pp., ISBN: 1841505541 (pbk), $40.00
Un-American Psycho: Brian De Palma and the Political Invisible, Chris Dumas (2012) Bristol: Intellect Books, 240pp., ISBN 1841505541 (pbk), $40.00
Dynamic Growth and Coalescence of Drilled Voids in Pure Copper Sheets
Authors: Wu Shanxing , Chen Danian , Ma Dongfang , Wang Huanran , Hou Yanjun 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
A series of tensile tests for pure copper sheets containing drilled holes of multi-configurations are carried out on a tensile split Hopkinson bar (TSHB) at a range of tensile velocities. The dynamic growth and coalescence of drilled voids were recorded by a high-speed camera. The results of scanning electron microscopical (SEM) investigation of microvoid evolution at edges of ruptured zones between drilled voids in recovered sheets show void coalescence mechanisms, which are similar to evolution of visualized drilled voids. The experimentally recovered and high-speed camera recorded evolution of drilled voids in pure copper sheets are compared with the numerical simulations involving different models for void coalescence in order to overcome the difficulty of assessing the validity of available models for void coalescence. The possible application of Thomason model and Brown–Embury model for void coalescence to thermoviscoplastic material was explored under impact tension, and the rapid local straining of intervoid ligament was revealed.
Complex Population Dynamics in Heterogeneous Environments: Effects of Random and Directed Animal Movements
Authors: Rai Vikas , Upadhyay Ranjit Kumar , Thakur Nilesh Kumar 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
In this paper, we have investigated the complex dynamics of a one-dimensional spatial nonlinear coupled reaction-diffusion system with a Holling type IV functional response, akin to standard Michaelis-Menten inhibitory kinetics. Prey-taxis is included in a general reaction-diffusion equation to incorporate the active movement of predator species towards regions with high prey concentrations or if the predator is following some sort of cue (such as odor) to find the prey. We have carried out stability analysis of both the non-spatial model without diffusive spreading and of the spatial model. We performed extensive computer simulations to identify various parameter ranges for stable homogeneous solution. Our findings specifically elucidate the role of predator diffusion and prey-taxis in controlling emergent structures, and transitions towards spatio-temporal chaos. We observe that the increasing predator random movement and moderate value of prey-taxis stabilize the system.
Virgin coconut oil protects against liver damage in albino rats challenged with the anti-folate combination, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Authors: Otuechere Chiagoziem A. , Madarikan Gbemisola , Simisola Tinuala , Bankole Olubukola , Osho Adeleke 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. However, its use is associated with toxic reactions. Virgin coconut oil (VCO), derived from coconut, has been widely used throughout history for its medicinal value. The aim of this study was to investigate the beneficial actions of VCO against TMP-SMX-induced alterations in serum biochemical end points.

Methods: Twenty rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 (control) received no drug, whereas group 2 received TMP-SMX (8/40 mg/kg) twice daily for 7 days. Group 3 was administered coconut oil at a dose of 600 mg/kg body weight per day. The last group was treated with TMP-SMX (8/40 mg/kg) and coconut oil (600 mg/kg) simultaneously. Blood samples were collected from all groups on the 8th day of the experiment for measurement of serum biochemical parameters. Organ weights and coefficients were also evaluated.

Results: TMP-SMX caused a significant (p<0.05) increase in the levels of serum total bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase by 192%, 67%, and 41%, respectively, relative to controls. This was followed by a significant reduction in triglyceride and relative kidney weight by 40% and 7%, respectively. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the activities of serum aminotransferases, total acid phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transferase, uric acid, cholesterol, albumin, and urea levels. Supplementation of VCO ameliorated TMP-SMX-induced effects by restoring the levels of total bilirubin, alkaline phospahatase, and lactate dehydrogenase.

Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that the active components of coconut oil had protective effects against the toxic effects induced by TMP-SMX administration, especially in the liver of rats.
Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of methanol extract and fractions of Acalypha wilkesiana leaves
Authors: Olukunle Johnny O. , Adenubi Olubukola T. , Biobaku Khalid T. , Sogebi Emmanuella A.O. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background: This study was carried out to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and the analgesic potentials of Acalypha wilkesiana leaf extract in experimental animals.

Methods: The anti-inflammatory potential was investigated using an acute rat model. Aspirin at 150 mg/kg, indomethacin at 10 mg/kg as positive control, and methanolic extracts and solvent fractions of A. wilkesiana at doses of 400 and 200 mg/kg, respectively, were administered orally to rats and compared with a negative control group given 10 mL/kg Tween 80. At an A. wilkesiana dose of 400 mg/kg body weight, the analgesic effect was also studied using the hot plate method and the acetic acid-induced writhing model in mice.

Results: Percentage inhibition of the paw volume was highest in rats administered indomethacin (85.7%) followed by the group administered methanolic extract of A. wilkesiana (74.1%), whereas the group given aspirin had 65.5% inhibition of edema and the group given a 200 mg/kg dose of chloroform fraction of A. wilkesiana had 93% inhibition of increase in paw volume, a value higher than the performance of the standard drugs indomethacin (85%) and aspirin (68%). Also, the extract caused an increase in the reaction time in the hot plate test and in the acetic acid test. The mean number of writhings was significantly reduced in the group of mice administered 400 mg/kg extract of A. wilkesiana leaves (25.8±1.3) when compared with the control (46.7±1.4) but higher than the group of mice administered the standard analgesic agent paracetamol (23.5±1.3).

Conclusions: This study suggested that A. wilkesiana leaves have anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential comparable with those of standard drugs.
Terminology and Specialised Lexicography: two complementary domains
Authors: Costa Rute 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
This paper focuses on finding links and dissimilarities between Terminology and Specialised Lexicography. This debate is not new though. However, the evolution of Terminology into other spheres of activity besides lexicography and specialised communication has strengthened the differences between these two domains. Translators that need to access structured knowledge in order to transfer it from one linguistic system into another need both the products that derive from terminological work and those that originate from lexicographical work. Therefore, we do not start from the dichotomy Terminology vs. Specialised Lexicography, but from a relationship that builds on the idea of a continuum that allows us to argue that these disciplines are connected albeit at different degrees.
Die Rolle der syntagmatischen Information bei der Übersetzung: Ein Gesamtüberblick sowie eine Auseinandersetzung mit online Wörterbüchern und Valenzwörterbüchern
Authors: Domínguez Vázquez María José 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Eine Auseinandersetzung mit der Rolle syntagmatischer Information in online Wörterbüchern und Valenzwörterbüchern zwecks einer Übersetzung sowie der Begründung, dass kontrastive Valenzwörterbücher für gewisse Konsultationen angebrachter sind als die vom Benutzer häufig zu Rate gezogenen Wörterbücher, ist das zentrale Anliegen dieses Beitrags. Diesbezüglich werden unterschiedliche mit der Übersetzung zusammenhängende Phänomene ausgeführt.
Der Frage, ob in zweisprachigen elektronischen Bedeutungswörterbüchern für das Sprachenpaar Deutsch-Spanisch die valenzfundierte Information die korrekte Verwendung eines Valenzträgers ermöglicht, wird nachgegangen. Weiterhin werden Internetwörterbücher mit Nutzerpartizipation einer Analyse unterzogen: da je nach Wörterbuch der Benutzer an unterschiedlichen Phasen der Werkerstellung und -korrektur teilnehmen darf, wird geprüft, ob in derartigen Nachschlagewerken signifikative Optimierungsfortschritte hinsichtlich der Disambiguierung der Äquivalente gegenüber den Werken ohne Nutzerpartizipation festzustellen sind und ebenfalls welcher Status der Übersetzung zugeschrieben wird. Einblicke in das Schwergewicht der syntagmatischen Information lässt die Betrachtung ihrer Foren gewinnen. Im Fall der Valenzwörterbücher befasse ich mich mit der Rolle der Übersetzung bei der Erstellung von Valenzwörterbüchern und mit übersetzungs- sowie sprachbedingten und lexikographischen Schwierigkeiten, die eng mit dem Wörterbuchtyp verbunden sind. Optimierungsvorschläge und aktuelle Tendenzen werden erläutert.
Par-delà tout ce qu’on a vu dans l’«amour»
Authors: Attali Patrick 
Published: November 2013

RésuméIl s’agit ici de contribuer à l’élucidation du singulier point de vue que Nietzsche conçoit sur l’amour par-delà tout ce qu’on y a vu jusqu’à présent. En premier lieu, les analyses nietzschéennes invitent à dépasser radicalement l’idolâtrie et l’idéa- lisation morale qui en faussent l’appréciation pour tenter de discerner sa nature et les problèmes que pose sa profonde mécompréhension. La seconde partie de cette étude examine de manière approfondie l’énigmatique définition de la passion amoureuse énoncée notamment dans Ecce homo, définition qui fonde ladite relation, prétendu- ment pacifique, sur «la haine à mort entre les sexes». Il sera alors possible, enfin, d’ouvrir de nouveaux horizons qui permettent d’envisager l’élévation aux diverses formes de «grand amou|r».
Posthuman oder Übermensch. War Nietzsche ein Transhumanist?
Authors: Skowron Michael 
Published: November 2013

AbstractRecent discussions (especially in the Internet) about the question whether Nietzsche was a Transhumanist or at least a forerunner of the Transhumanist movement have drawn new attention to Nietzsche’s concept of the Overhuman and the relation to the Posthuman. The article is taking a critical stance by turning suggested analogies between education and genetic manipulation of humans into an argument against the latter, by relating self-education to self-overcoming and eternal recurrence of the same (which is excluded by Transhumanists), and by reminding of Nietzsche’s distinction between ‘Overhuman’ and ‘last human’ as two different ways to the future. Linguistic analysis of the epitheta used in speaking of the different ‘types’ in question as well as structural analogies between critical considerations in Michael Sandel and Jürgen Habermas on the one hand, Nietzsche on the other are also evidence that Nietzsche would not have endorsed the technological path to perfection of the human but would emphasize his own way of self-overcoming instead.
Accounting Conservatism, Earnings Persistence, and Pricing Multiples on Earnings
Authors: Chen Lucy Huajing , Folsom David M. , Paek Wonsun , Sami Heibatollah 
Published: November 2013

SYNOPSIS
We examine the effect of accounting conservatism on earnings persistence and the stock market's valuation of earnings. Using a sample of U.S. companies during the period of 1988–2010, we find that firms with more conservative accounting generate less persistent earnings than firms with less conservative accounting. We also document that the pricing multiple on more conservative earnings is smaller than pricing multiples on less conservative earnings. Finally, we show that conditionally conservative earnings are less persistent than unconditionally conservative earnings, and the pricing multiple on earnings is smaller for conditionally conservative earnings than for unconditionally conservative earnings. Our results improve our understanding of the characteristics of conservatively reported earnings.
JEL Classifications: M41; C23; D21; G38; N20