bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usefulness of the logistic clinical SYNTAX score for predicting 1‐year mortality in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention of the left main coronary artery
Authors: Capodanno Davide , Giacoppo Daniele , Dipasqua Fabio , Miccichè Eligio , Licitra Carmelo , Di Salvo Maria Elena , Francaviglia Bruno , Grasso Carmelo , La Manna Alessio , Sgroi Carmelo , Tamburino Corrado 
Published: April 2013

ObjectivesTo externally validate the logistic clinical SYNTAX in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of the left main coronary artery (LMCA).BackgroundA novel version of the clinical SYNTAX score (CSS) has been recently introduced to overcome the limitations of categorical risk scores for PCI by the incorporation of clinical variables and the SYNTAX score (SXscore) into a logistic formula for predicting 1‐year mortality.MethodsCore and extended models of the logistic CSS (logCSScore and logCSSext) were applied to 400 patients undergoing LMCA PCI, and their performance was compared with those of the standard CSS, SXscore, and age, creatinine, and ejection fraction (ACEF) score by different measures of discrimination and calibration.ResultsA significant gradient in the distribution of 1‐year mortality was noted with all the models (P < 0.001), with the SYNTAX and ACEF scores showing the lowest (0.64) and the highest (0.75) c‐statistic, respectively. Based on Somers' Dxy rank correlation, discrimination of both the logCSScore and the logCSSext was numerically lower than that of the ACEF score. The logCSScore was miscalibrated toward underpredicting all‐cause mortality in low‐predicted probabilities, while the logCSSext tended to underpredict in low‐predicted probabilities and overpredict in high‐predicted probabilities. Slope and intercept values reflected a better calibration ability of the logCSScore compared with the logCSSext. The global accuracy of the logCSScore was superior to that of the logCSSext (Brier score 0.087 vs. 0.095).ConclusionsA personalized approach to risk stratification of LMCA PCI with the logistic CSS is feasible and of potential clinical utility. However, in this study, the logistic CSS did not achieve superior discrimination compared with other categorical models, and suffered from mild to moderate miscalibration. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Covered stents in the management of native coarctation of the Aorta—Intermediate and long‐term follow‐up
Authors: Sadiq Masood , Rehman Asif Ur , Qureshi Ahmad U. , Qureshi Shakeel A. 
Published: April 2013

ObjectivesTo evaluate the results of covered Cheatham‐Platinum stent implantation in the management of native coarctation of the aorta and report intermediate and long‐term follow‐up.BackgroundCovered stents are being used increasingly in severe and complex coarctation of the aorta mainly to reduce risk of aortic wall complications. There is, however, limited data on the intermediate and long‐term outcome.Patients and MethodsFifty‐six patients received 59 covered Cheatham‐Platinum stents (January 2002–December 2011) at a single center—in 54 patients as primary treatment and in 2 as a rescue. Mean age was 22.25 ± 1.2 (11–56) years and mean weight 58.6 ± 2.1 (32–99) kg. Primary end points were reduction in systolic pressure gradient and an increase in coarctation segment diameter. Changes in antihypertensive medicines and complications were recorded on follow‐up.ResultsMean coarctation segment diameter increased from 4.69 ± 0.20 to 15.1 ± 3.2 mm (P <  0.0001). The systolic gradient decreased from mean of 51.4 ± 3.4 to 4.6 ± 0.7 mm Hg (P <  0.0001). There was one death 3 days postprocedure due to cerebral anoxia. There was one dissection diagnosed 24‐hr postprocedure. At a mean follow‐up of 45.9 ± 3.9 (3–120) months, all stents were patent and in good position on computed tomography. Four (7.1%) patients underwent successful redilation. Antihypertensive medication was decreased or stopped in 37 (66%) patients.ConclusionsCovered Cheetham‐Platinum stents may be used effectively as therapy of choice in selected patients with severe coarctation of the aorta. Aortic wall complications occur even with covered stents. Covered stents provide a safe alternative to conventional stenting in the intermediate and long‐term and can be redilated safely to keep pace with somatic growth.© 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cardi‐O‐Fix duct occluder versus amplatzer duct occluder for closure of patent ductus arteriosus
Authors: Celebi Ahmet , Demir İbrahim Halil , Saritaş Türkay , Dedeoğlu Reyhan , Yucel İlker Kemal , Demir Fadli , Erdem Abdullah 
Published: April 2013

BackgroundWe sought to investigate the safety, efficacy, and follow‐up results of percutaneous patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure using the novel Cardi‐O‐Fix duct occluder (CDO), a device similar to but less expensive than the Amplatzer duct occluder (ADO). We also aimed to compare these two devices in terms of results.MethodsBetween March 2005 and May 2012, 167 patients diagnosed with moderate‐to‐large PDA underwent transcatheter closure. ADO was used in 56 (33.5%) patients with a mean age of 8.1 ± 11.9 years (3.6 months–56 years), whereas CDO was used in 111 (66.5%) patients with a mean age of 12.6 ± 14.6 years (4.8 months–63 years).ResultsThe narrowest PDA diameter, the used device diameter, procedure time, fluoroscopy time, and residual shunt rates were similar between the two groups. Procedural success rate was 100% in both groups. Although the residual shunt rate was higher in the CDO group immediately after the procedure, the difference was not statistically significant (12.6 vs. 8.9%; P = 0.3). There was no statistically significant difference between groups at discharge and during follow‐up. No deaths occurred in any of the groups, and there were no differences in complication rates during the short‐ and mid‐term follow‐up periods (CDO 7/111 vs. ADO 5/56; P = 0.5 π).ConclusionThe CDO can be used for PDA closure because of its safety, effectiveness, and simplicity in use. It is available in bigger sizes and can be used in patients with large defects. According to our short‐ and mid‐term findings, the results it yields are similar to those of the ADO; thus, it may be the preferred choice owing to its low cost and large size variability. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Catalytic Three‐Component Domino Reaction for the Preparation of Trisubstituted Oxazoles
Authors: Wachenfeldt Henrik v. , Röse Philipp , Paulsen Filip , Loganathan Nagarajan , Strand Daniel 
Published: April 2013

AbstractMulticomponent reactions are attractive for assembling functionalized heterocyclic compounds. To this end, an efficient gold‐catalyzed three‐component domino reaction to form oxazoles directly from imines, alkynes, and acid chlorides is presented. The reaction proceeds in a single synthetic step by using a gold(III)–N,N′‐ethylenebis(salicylimine) (salen) catalyst to give trisubstituted oxazoles in up to 96 % yield. The substrate scope, a mechanistic study exploring the role of the gold catalyst, and the synthetic applications of the oxazole products are discussed.
Preparation and Separation of Telechelic Carborane‐Containing Poly(ethylene glycol)s
Authors: Matějíček Pavel , Uchman Mariusz , Lepšík Martin , Srnec Martin , Zedník Jiří , Kozlík Petr , Kalíková Květa 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIn the search for biocompatible amphiphilic polymers, carborane‐substituted poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs) have been prepared in either a linear mono‐ and disubstituted or starlike tetrasubstituted shape. The reaction was performed by UV‐initiated radical thiol/ene coupling of para‐carborane‐1‐thiol to the corresponding allyl‐terminated PEG, diallyl‐terminated PEG, and tetraallyl‐terminated starlike PEG. After the optimization of reaction conditions, the products were characterized by standard spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. It was also demonstrated that it is possible to separate individual species differing in the number of attached carborane moieties by means of HPLC on an (R,S)‐hydroxypropyl‐modified β‐cyclodextrin column. To understand the mechanism in atomistic and energetic detail, this reaction was examined by means of quantum mechanics (QM) calculations. Further, because the carborane cluster is hypothesized to behave as a radical trap, QM calculations of the stability of various radicals derived from all the stable carboranethiol isomers with thiol group attached either to carbon or boron atoms were performed. The newly prepared carborane PEGs have an amphiphilic structure and might therefore be utilized in bio‐oriented applications.
Physical Properties and Structural Characterization of Ionic Liquids and Solid Electrolytes Utilizing the Carbamoylcyano(nitroso)methanide Anion
Authors: Janikowski Judith , Razali Mohd R. , Forsyth Craig M. , Nairn Kate M. , Batten Stuart R. , MacFarlane Douglas R. , Pringle Jennifer M. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe carbamoylcyano(nitroso)methanide (ccnm) anion has been used for the synthesis of eight new salts, two of which are liquid at room temperature. The ionic liquid containing a large phosphonium cation displays the highest thermal stability, while the imidazolium salt is the most fluid and conductive. Analysis of the crystal structures of four of the new materials, containing pyrrolidinium and small phosphonium cations, reveals notably different anion stacking behaviour depending on the nature of the cation. The solid [ccnm] salts all display good ionic conductivities, above 1 mS cm−1 for the four different pyrrolidinium species. This, and their soft appearance, is hypothesized to be a result of the presence of both the syn and anti conformational isomers of the [ccnm] anion. Finally, solid‐state NMR linewidth analysis and second moment calculations have been used to gain further insight into the disorder within one of the pyrrolidinium plastic crystals, revealing significant, quantifiable translational motion of some fraction of the material at temperatures over 0 °C.
Surfactant Capsules Propel Interfacial Oil Droplets: An Environmental Cleanup Strategy
Authors: Seah Tzu Hui , Zhao Guanjia , Pumera Martin 
Published: April 2013

AbstractInvited for this month’s cover is the group of Prof. Martin Pumera from Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. The cover picture shows pristine underwater coral. This image symbolizes the beauty of a clean environment (coral reef in Indonesia), while the inset outlines the mechanism of the motion of the self‐propelled cleaning capsule. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cplu.201300011
Dual Control of Interparticle Forces in Assembly of Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Hu Bo , Cao Xian , Zhang Peng 
Published: April 2013

AbstractNanoparticles are known to self‐assemble into large aggregates through interparticle and external forces. Understanding how interparticle interaction forces affect the construction and organization of nanomaterials is of growing importance to the development of the self‐assembly technique. Current studies tend to focus on the individual factors and lack the collective effects from multiple forces as virus, lipid, or peptide does. The dual control on the self‐assembly process of citrate‐capped Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) mediated by the interparticle forces is reported. This self‐assembly process is governed by the collective effects of both thiol‐containing biomolecules and the ionic strength of dielectric medium. Thiol‐containing biomolecules can effectively replace surface citrate molecules on AuNPs forming stable AuS bonds, leading to the lowering of surface potential or charge. Ionic strength of the solution can decrease the ion binding and the screening length of the double‐layer repulsion. When these two factors are in play simultaneously, they collectively affect the AuNPs self‐assembly process through the interparticle interactions by contributions from both factors, which have been interrogated based on the classical Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek theory. It is interesting to observe the existence of a quasi‐stable state existed between two aggregated states, where two factors cancel each other and the AuNPs remain well dispersed, indicating that their concurrent effects are not simply additive. The results provide new insight to the assembly process of metal nanoparticles, and may open up new avenues to manipulate process.
Hydrogen Production through Aqueous‐Phase Reforming of Ethylene Glycol in a Washcoated Microchannel
Authors: D'Angelo M. Fernanda Neira , Ordomsky Vitaly , Paunovic Violeta , van der Schaaf John , Schouten Jaap C. , Nijhuis T. Alexander 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAqueous‐phase reforming (APR) of biocarbohydrates is conducted in a catalytically stable washcoated microreactor where multiphase hydrogen removal enhances hydrogen efficiency. Single microchannel experiments are conducted following a simplified model based on the microreactor concept. A coating method to deposit a Pt‐based catalyst on the microchannel walls is selected and optimized. APR reactivity tests are performed by using ethylene glycol as the model compound. Optimum results are achieved with a static washcoating technique; a highly uniform and well adhered 5 μm layer is deposited on the walls of a 320 μm internal diameter (ID) microchannel in one single step. During APR of ethylene glycol, the catalyst layer exhibits high stability over 10 days after limited initial deactivation. The microchannel presents higher conversion and selectivity to hydrogen than a fixed‐bed reactor. The benefits of using a microreactor for APR can be further enhanced by utilizing increased Pt loadings, higher reaction temperatures, and larger carbohydrates (e.g., glucose). The use of microtechnology for aqueous‐phase reforming will allow for a great reduction in the reformer size, thus rendering it promising for distributed hydrogen production.
Superior Performance of Metal–Organic Frameworks over Zeolites as Solid Acid Catalysts in the Prins Reaction: Green Synthesis of Nopol
Authors: Opanasenko Maksym , Dhakshinamoorthy Amarajothi , Hwang Young Kyu , Chang Jong‐San , Garcia Hermenegildo , Čejka Jiří 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe catalytic performance of a set of metal–organic frameworks [CuBTC, FeBTC, MIL‐100(Fe), MIL‐100(Cr), ZIF‐8, MIL‐53(Al)] was investigated in the Prins condensation of β‐pinene with formaldehyde and compared with the catalytic behavior of conventional aluminosilicate zeolites BEA and FAU and titanosilicate zeolite MFI (TS‐1). The activity of the investigated metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) increased with the increasing concentration of accessible Lewis acid sites in the order ZIF‐8<MIL‐53(Al)<FeBTC<MIL‐100(Cr)<MIL‐100(Fe). Unwanted β‐pinene‐like isomerization takes place on the strong Brønsted acid sites of zeolites BEA and FAU, which showed significantly lower selectivity to the target nopol than the MOFs. Its high activity, the preservation of its structure and active sites, and the possibility to use it in at least three catalytic cycles without loss of activity make MIL‐100 (Fe) the best performing catalyst of the series for the Prins condensation of β‐pinene and paraformaldehyde. Our report exemplifies the advantages of MOFs over zeolites as solid catalysts in liquid‐phase reactions for the production of fine chemicals.
Electronic Elements Governing the Binding of Small Molecules to a [Fe]‐Hydrogenase Mimic
Authors: Wodrich Matthew D. , Hu Xile 
Published: April 2013

Abstract[Fe]‐hydrogenase, one of three types of hydrogenases, activates molecular hydrogen. Here, using DFT computations, we examine the electronic elements governing the binding of small ligands to a recently synthesized [Fe]‐hydrogenase biomimic. Computed reaction free energies indicate that anionic species, such as CN– and H–, and π acceptors, such as CO, bind favourably with the Fe centre. Ligands such as H2O, CH3CN, and H2, however, do not bind iron. Protonation of an adjacent thiolate ligand on the mimic significantly increases the energies of ligand binding. Additional computational analysis reveals that the degree of electron donation from the ligand to the mimic correlates strongly with overall binding ability. The results give insights into the electronic elements of iron–small‐molecule interaction in these model complexes.
Enantioseparation of aromatic amino acids using CEC monolith with novel chiral selector, N‐methacryloyl‐l‐histidine methyl ester
Authors: Aydoğan Cemil , Yılmaz Fatma , Çimen Duygu , Uzun Lokman , Denizli Adil 
Published: April 2013

A new type of polymethacrylate‐based monolithic column with chiral stationary phase was prepared for the enantioseparation of aromatic amino acids, namely d,l‐phenylalanine, d,l‐tyrosine, and d,l‐tryptophan by CEC. The monolithic column was prepared by in situ polymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), N‐methacryloyl‐l‐histidine methyl ester (MAH), and ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) in the presence of porogens. The porogen mixture included DMF and phosphate buffer. MAH was used as a chiral selector. FTIR spectrum of the polymethacrylate‐based monolith showed that MAH was incorporated into the polymeric structure via in situ polymerization. Some experimental parameters including pH, concentration of the mobile phase, and MAH concentration with regard to the chiral CEC separation were investigated. Single enantiomers and enantiomer mixtures of the amino acids were separately injected into the monolithic column. It was observed that l‐enantiomers of aromatic amino acids migrated before d‐enantiomers. The reversal enantiomer migration order for tryptophan was observed upon changing of pH. Using the chiral monolithic column (100 μm id and 375 μm od), the best chiral separation was performed in 35:65% ACN/phosphate buffer (pH 8.0, 10 mM) with an applied voltage of 12 kV in CEC. SEM images showed that the chiral monolithic column has a continuous polymeric skeleton and large through‐pore structure.
Effect of concentration and molecular weight of chitosan and its derivative on the free radical scavenging ability
Authors: Li Huili , Xu Qing , Chen Yun , Wan Ajun 
Published: April 2013

AbstractChitosan is a biodegradable and biocompatible natural scaffold material, which has numerous applications in biomedical sciences. In this study, thein vitroantioxidant activity of chitosan scaffold material was investigated by the chemiluminescence signal generated from the hydroxyl radical (•OH) scavenging assay. The scavenging mechanism was also discussed. The results indicated that the free radical scavenging ability of chitosan scaffold material significantly depends on the chitosan concentration and shows interesting kinetic change. Within the experimental concentration range, the optimal concentration of chitosan was 0.2 mg/mL. The molecular weight of chitosan also attributed to the free radical scavenging ability. Comparison between chitosan and its derivative found that carboxymethyl chitosan possessed higher scavenging ability. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 911–916, 2014.
Better early osteogenesis of electroconductive hydroxyapatite–calcium titanate composites in a rabbit animal model
Authors: Mallik Prafulla Kumar , Basu Bikramjit 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIn view of the fact that bone healing can be enhanced due to external electric field application, it is important to assess the influence of the implant conductivity on the bone regeneration in vivo. To address this issue, this study reports the in vivo biocompatibility property of multistage spark plasma sintered hydroxyapatite (HA)–80 wt % calcium titanate (CaTiO3) composites and monolithic HA, which have widely different conductivity property (14 orders of magnitude difference). The ability of bone regeneration was assessed by implantation in cylindrical femoral bone defects of rabbit animal model for varying time period of 1, 4, and 12 weeks. The overall assessment of the histology results suggests that the progressive healing of bone defects around HA–80 wt % CaTiO3 is associated with a better efficacy with respect to (w.r.t) early stage neobone formation, which is histomorphometrically around 140% higher than monolithic HA. Overall, this study demonstrates that the in vivo biocompatibility property of HA–80 wt % CaTiO3 with respect to local effects after 12 weeks of implantation is not compromised both qualitatively and quantitatively, and a comparison with control implant (HA) points toward the critical role of electrical conductivity on better early stage bone regeneration. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 842–851, 2014.
On effective σ‐boundedness and σ‐compactness
Authors: Kanovei Vladimir , Lyubetsky Vassily 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWe prove several dichotomy theorems which extend some known results on σ‐bounded and σ‐compact pointsets. In particular we show that, given a finite number of \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\Delta ^{1}_{1}$\end{document} equivalence relations \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathrel {\mathsf {F}}_1,\dots ,\mathrel {\mathsf {F}}_n$\end{document}, any \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\Sigma ^{1}_{1}$\end{document} set A of the Baire space either is covered by compact \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\Delta ^{1}_{1}$\end{document} sets and lightface \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\Delta ^{1}_{1}$\end{document} equivalence classes of the relations \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathrel {\mathsf {F}}_i$\end{document}, or A contains a superperfect subset which is pairwise \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathrel {\mathsf {F}}_i$\end{document}‐inequivalent for all i = 1, …, n. Further generalizations to \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\Sigma ^{1}_{2}$\end{document} sets A are obtained.
Sihler staining study of anastomosis between the facial and trigeminal nerves in the ocular area and its clinical implications
Authors: Yang Hun‐Mu , Won Sung‐Yoon , Kim Hee‐Jin , Hu Kyung‐Seok 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The trigeminal nerve (CN V) supplies mostly sensory innervation to the face, and the facial nerve (CN VII) conveys primarily motor fibers. The aim of this study was to elucidate their distributions and anastomoses. Methods: Fourteen specimens of hemisectioned faces were gathered from human cadavers and stained with Sihler staining. Results: The temporal (Tbr), zygomatic (Zbr), and buccal (Bbr) branches of CN VII formed trigeminofacial anastomoses in the ocular area. Communications were observed between the supraorbital nerve and the Tbr (85.7%), the infraorbital nerve and the Bbr (100%) and Zbr (28.6%), and the zygomaticofacial nerve and the Zbr (41.7%). Anastomoses were formed between the supratrochlear nerve and the Tbr (57.1%) and Bbr (50%), and the infratrochlear nerve and the Bbr (85.7%). Conclusions: Motor and sensory axons to the face contribute to trigeminofacial anastomoses, which may play key roles in subtle movements of muscles of facial expression. Muscle Nerve 48: 545–550, 2013