bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient and Stable In Situ Self‐Assembled Air Electrodes for Reversible Protonic Ceramic Electrochemical Cells
Authors: Huang Yixuan , He Fan , Xu Kang , Gao Hui , Zhang Xirui , Xu Yangsen , Du Zhiwei , Zhu Feng , Gong Wenjie , Jian Chuqian , Chen Yu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractReversible protonic ceramic electrochemical cells (R‐PCECs) have garnered significant attention owing to their proficiency in efficiently converting and storing energy. The performance of R‐PCECs is largely limited by the activity and durability of oxygen reduction/evolution reactions in air electrodes. Herein, an Nb and Y doped cobalt‐based double perovskite of PrBaCo1.8Nb0.1Y0.1O5+δ (denoted as PBCNY) is reported. The perovskite is however in situ assembled into a deficient‐PrBa1−xCo1.8Nb0.1−xY0.1−xO5+δ parental phase and a Ba2YNbO6 secondary phase during operation, accordingly demonstrating a low area‐specific resistance of 0.24 Ω cm2 at 600 °C. The high activity is attributed to the enhancement in oxygen vacancy concentration, oxygen surface exchange, and bulk diffusion coefficient, confirmed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrical conductivity relaxation. At 700 °C, when the PBCNY cathode is applied as air electrodes for R‐PCECs, a peak power density of 1.99 W cm−2 and a current density of −5.20 A cm−2 (at 1.3 V) are achieved in fuel cell (FC) mode, and electrolysis (EL) mode with appropriate Faradaic efficiencies. Furthermore, R‐PCECs with PBCNY air electrodes display promising operational stability in FC mode (over 100 h), EL mode (over 200 h), and reversible cyclic testing (29 cycles for 120 h).
Screening Vertically Polarized 2D Layered Materials with Giant Negative Longitudinal Piezoelectricity by Comprehensive Calculations and Experimental Characterizations
Authors: Chen Xinfeng , Wang Zhenqi , Zhang Zhuomin , Wu Weixi , Chai Yu , Gou Gaoyang , Yang Zhengbao , Zeng Xiao Cheng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe counterintuitive negative longitudinal piezoelectric effect (NLPE) occurs in those piezoelectric compounds whose electric polarizations are enhanced under the compression stress(strain) applied along the polar axis. Especially, piezoelectric materials with sizable NLPE responses suitable for electromechanical applications are highly desirable. Here, based on comprehensive first‐principles calculations and theoretical modeling, NLPE and substantial negative piezoelectric responses are demonstrated to be prevalently attained in various synthetic heteroanionic 2D van der Waals (vdW) layered materials with intrinsic out‐of‐plane polarizations. Depending on their interlayer spacing percentages and interlayer electronic coupling magnitudes, NLPE in most polar layered materials arise either from the domination of negative “internal‐strain” over positive “clamped‐ion” contributions, or negative “clamped‐ion” over “internal‐strain” contributions. As an exception, Sb2TeSe2 is predicted to have both negative “clamped‐ion” and “internal‐strain” terms in considerable magnitudes, contributing cooperatively to overall piezoelectric response and yielding a giant negative longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient d33 up to –32.666 pC N−1. Furthermore, piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) measurements performed on Sb2TeSe2 crystal verify its non‐centrosymmetric structural character and sizable piezoelectric responses. Combining the comprehensive simulations and experimental characterizations, this work deepens the understanding regarding the unusual NLPE, and demonstrates a practical route for screening the polar vdW layered materials with substantial NLPE.
Harnessing Berthollide Configuration Entropy for Expedited K+ Storages
Authors: Jhang Kai‐Siang , Yang Yi‐Chun , Lu Ying‐Rui , Hsiao Kai‐Yuan , Lu Ming‐Yen , Tuan Hsing‐Yu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVariations in configurational entropy greatly influence the electrochemical behavior of materials; those featuring expanded surface areas, numerous active sites, and accelerated reaction kinetics are highly valued for their superior electrocatalytic properties. In this study, a Berthollide compound is introduced, designated as Cu3Sb0.93Bi0.06Sn0.01S2Se2 (C(ABT)(SSe)). This material, cations, and anions co‐doped Cu3SbS4 (CAS), exhibit significantly enhanced storage performance in potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs). The introduction of foreign elements improved conductivity, while dual‐site conversion and alloying elements enhanced ion diffusion, charge transfer, and electrode kinetics. Regulating configurational entropy created more active sites for Sb. Using high‐capacity Sb and S as primary components, material's configurational entropy is precisely adjusted through active element doping, forming a non‐stoichiometric structure with thermodynamically stable defect active sites. The synergistic effect of trivalent active metals, particularly high‐valence Sb5+, demonstrated superior electrochemical performance compared to materials with unregulated entropy values. Compared to CAS, with the increase in configurational entropy to 0.975 R, the K+ diffusion energy is reduced by 40% and increasing electronic conductivity by 2.6 times, boosting high rate performance (10 A g−1), and showing 49.5% higher capacity after 700 cycles. This novel entropy regulation strategy offers new insights into the design of multi‐element configurational entropy PIBs.
Percutaneous Delivery of Oncogel for Targeted Liver Tumor Ablation and Controlled Release of Therapeutics
Authors: Albadawi Hassan , Zhang Zefu , Keum Hyeongseop , Cevik Enes , Nagalo Bolni M , Gunduz Seyda , Kita Hirohito , Oklu Rahmi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAdvanced‐stage liver cancers are associated with poor prognosis and have limited treatment options, often leading the patient to hospice care. Percutaneous intratumoral injection of anticancer agents has emerged as a potential alternative to systemic therapy to overcome tumor barriers, increase bioavailability, potentiate immunotherapy, and avoid systemic toxicity, which advanced‐stage cancer patients cannot tolerate. Here, an injectable OncoGel (OG) comprising of a nanocomposite hydrogel loaded with an ionic liquid (IL) is developed for achieving a predictable and uniform tumor ablation and long‐term slow release of anticancer agents into the ablation zone. Rigorous mechanical, physiochemical, drug release, cytotoxicity experiments, and ex vivo human tissue testing identify an injectable version of the OG with bactericidal properties against highly resistant bacteria. Intratumoral injection of OG loaded with Nivolumab (Nivo) and doxorubicin (Dox) into highly malignant tumor models in mice, rats, and rabbits demonstrates enhanced survival and tumor regression associated with robust tissue ablation and drug distribution throughout the tumor. Mass cytometry and proteomic studies in a mouse model of colorectal cancer that often metastasizes to the liver indicate an enhanced anticancer immune response following the intratumoral injection of OG. OG may augment immunotherapy and potentially improve outcomes in liver cancer patients.
High Throughput Characterization of Organic Thin Film Transistors
Authors: Dallaire Nicholas , Boileau Nicholas T. , Myers Ian , Brixi Samantha , Ourabi May , Raluchukwu Ewenike , Cranston Rosemary , Lamontagne Halynne R. , King Benjamin , Ronnasi Bahar , Melville Owen A. , Manion Joseph G. , Lessard Benoît H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAutomation is vital to accelerating research. In recent years, the application of self‐driving labs to materials discovery and device optimization has highlighted many benefits and challenges inherent to these new technologies. Successful automated workflows offer tangible benefits to fundamental science and industrial scale‐up by significantly increasing productivity and reproducibility all while enabling entirely new types of experiments. However, it's implemtation is often time‐consuming and cost‐prohibitive and necessitates establishing multidisciplinary teams that bring together domain‐specific knowledge with specific skillsets in computer science and engineering. This perspective article provides a comprehensive overview of how the research group has adopted “hybrid automation” over the last 8 years by using simple automatic electrical testers (autotesters) as a tool to increase productivity and enhance reproducibility in organic thin film transistor (OTFT) research. From wearable and stretchable electronics to next‐generation sensors and displays, OTFTs have the potential to be a key technology that will enable new applications from health to aerospace. The combination of materials chemistry, device manufacturing, thin film characterization and electrical engineering makes OTFT research challenging due to the large parameter space created by both diverse material roles and device architectures. Consequently, this research stands to benefit enormously from automation. By leveraging the multidisciplinary team and taking a user‐centered design approach in the design and continued improvement of the autotesters, the group has meaningfully increased productivity, explored research avenues impossible with traditional workflows, and developed as scientists and engineers capable of effectively designing and leveraging automation to build the future of their fields to encourage this approach, the files for replicating the infrastructure are included, and questions and potential
collaborations are welcomed.
Niobium‐Doped Titanium Dioxide: Effect of Conductivity on Metal‐Semiconductor Tribovoltaic Devices
Authors: Mālnieks Kaspars , Kļimenko Sabīna , Sherrell Peter C. , Šarakovskis Anatolijs , Eglītis Raivis , Šmits Krišjānis , Linarts Artis , Šutka Andris 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTribovoltaic devices have emerged as promising technologies for converting mechanical motion to electricity via surface charge generation. To maximize the electromechanical conversion of tribovoltaic devices, conventional literature has focussed on engineering a large difference in work functions between the contact materials. However, recent reports suggest that other factors beyond work function, such as temperature, play a key role in electromechanical conversion. Herein, TiO2 (a cheap, abundant oxide material) is doped with Nb5+, resulting in an improved tribovoltaic performance up to 65 times. This is attributed to an enhancement in the TiO2 film conductivity arising from Nb5+ doping. Further, it is shown that this improvement holds over cm2 scale testing. This work demonstrates the importance of considering a range of factors, particularly conductivity, when designing tribovoltaic devices and may be adopted broadly for optimal electromechanical conversion.
Regions of Homozygocity size patterns among diverse ethnic groups in Israel: Toward tailored diagnostic reporting thresholds
Authors: Maya Idit , Levy Michal , Matar Reut , Kahana Sarit , Agmon‐Fishman Ifaat , Klein Cochava , Gurevitch Merav , Basel‐Salmon Lina , Sagi‐Dain Lena 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLong contiguous stretches of homozygosity or regions of homozygosity (ROH) are frequently detected via microarray and sequencing technologies. However, consensus on the establishment of specific size cutoffs for reporting ROH remains elusive. This study aims to assess the Total ROH Percentages (TRPS) and size of ROH segments across different ethnic origins, exploring potential disparities and proposing tailored diagnostic thresholds. This retrospective study included 13,035 microarray analyses conducted between 2017 to 2023. ROH segments on autosomal chromosomes were retrieved, and samples lacking ROH segments were excluded. The cohort was categorized based on reported ethnic origins, and TRPS and ROH segment size were analyzed for each origin. Distinct TRPS values were noted among different ethnic groups, ranging from median 0.36% in Ethiopian Jewish cohort and up to 6.42% in the Bedouin population. Wide range of 99th percentiles of ROH segment size for various origins was noted, ranging from 10.6 to 51.5 Mb. A significant correlation between ROH segment sizes and TRPS was noted in each origin. Statistically significant differences in ROH segment sizes were noted between the Jewish and the Israeli Arab/Druze origins in TRPS from 1% to 9.99%, whereas extremities of low (0.11%–0.99%) and high (over 10%) TRPS yielded no significant differences. In conclusion, as fixed absolute size thresholds may overlook pathogenic segments in certain populations while generating excessive reports in others, tailored approaches to define ROH reporting thresholds can be considered to facilitate the accuracy and clinical relevance of genomic analyses.
Development of green polystyrene composites using Citrus sinensis biochar filler
Authors: Adeniyi Adewale George , Abdulkareem Sulyman Age , Iwuozor Kingsley O. , Abd‐Elkader Omar H. , Amoloye Mubarak A. , Emenike Ebuka Chizitere , Omonayin Ebenezer O. , Oyekunle Ifeoluwa Peter , Ezzat Abdelrahman O. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis research explored the characteristics of polymer composites reinforced with orange peel biochar. The composites were created using the hand lay‐up method with different filler ratios, cured at ambient temperature, and analyzed with various analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX). SEM images showed that roughness increased with higher filler percentages. FTIR analysis detected functional groups like OH, COOH, and aromatic compounds in the composites, primarily inheriting these groups from the resin. Elemental analysis using EDX indicated that the composites contained carbon, oxygen, silicon, aluminum, and potassium. Among these elements, only the carbon concentration demonstrated a linear increase with rising filler levels, with the composite containing 40% biochar achieving the highest carbon content at 84%. Hardness testing showed that the physical strength of the composites increased as the polystyrene resin matrix was reinforced, with the 40% biochar composite exhibiting a maximum hardness value of 296 N. These results indicate that adding biochar not only enhanced the properties of polystyrene‐based composites but also reduced their environmental impact.
Enhanced compatibility and toughness of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate)/polycaprolactone blends by ring‐opening polymerization and hydrogen bonding of epoxy‐terminated hyperbranched polyester
Authors: Huang Jiawei , Fang Yiqi , Zhou Sudan , Tie Rui , Zhou Shuyi , Jin Yujuan , Tian Huafeng , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMelt extrusion process was followed in order to improve the high crystallinity and poor toughness of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) blend materials. It was achieved by the incorporation of epoxy‐terminated hyperbranched polyester (EHBP) elastomer into PHBV and polycaprolactone (PCL). EHBP cross‐links PHBV and PCL through ring‐opening polymerization of epoxy‐terminated and carboxyl groups. The mass percentages of EHBP in the PHBV/PCL blends are 1, 2, 3, and 4mass%, which are expressed as 1, 2, 3, and 4 phr in the following text. Therefore, when the EHBP content was 3 phr, the Young's modulus and tensile strength of the blends are increased to 750 and 15 MPa, respectively, which was comparable to the biodegradable polymers used for packaging. Simultaneously, compatibility between PHBV and PCL has been improved and the particle size reduction of blends can be obviously observed in scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) analysis revealed that PHBV and PCL showed improved compatibility with each other by the addition of EHBP. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed that the decrease of crystallinity of the blend was consistent with the increase in mechanical properties. Additionally, all the bio‐blends show good thermal stability. Food overall migration studies showed that the amount of migration of composite materials in contact with food was also far lower than the national standard value. Therefore, PHBV/PCL/EHBP blends are expected to be used in the field of food packaging.
The influence of phthalonitrile monomer containing oxazine ring on the properties of epoxy/amine system: Curing behavior and thermal stability
Authors: Chen Zhijiao , Peng Cong , Li Shichao , Wu Zhanjun , sun Tao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPhthalonitrile monomer containing oxazine ring (BPS‐Ph) was synthesized using bisphenol‐S, aniline, paraformaldehyde, and 4‐nitrophthalonitrile via a two‐step method. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data of the curing process of BPS‐Ph monomer indicates that the peak polymerization temperature of the cyan group is about 250°C and that confirms the promoting effect of oxazine ring on the curing reaction of phthalonitrile. The rheological data of E51/DDS containing BPS‐Ph indicates that the BPS‐Ph monomer also has promoting effect on the curing process. The activation energy was studied via the iso‐conversional method principle. The activation energy corresponding to the E51/DDS crosslinking reaction is 75.79 and 60.54 kJ mol−1, respectively, for pure E51/DDS and E51/DDS/BPS‐Ph. Moreover, the activation energy of the crosslinking of phthalhydrazine is 74.1 kJ mol−1 which is rather lower than that in pure BPS‐Ph, and that implies the synergistically catalytic effect of the oxazine ring and the amine. The addition of BPS‐Ph monomer significantly improves the thermal behaviors of the thermoset. The char yield in N2 atmosphere increased from 15.6% to 53.9% when adding 30% BPS‐Ph to the E51/DDS. Moreover, the peak weight loss temperature decreased from 407 to 385°C. The phase separation size of poly‐BPS‐Ph in E51/DDS is about tens to hundreds nanometers according to the atomic force microscopy (AFM) phase diagram. It is indicated that incorporation of phthalonitrile monomer containing oxazine ring into epoxy/amine system is an applicable and effective way to promote the thermal behavior of the thermoset.
Link between sustainable circular supply chain and Internet of Things technology in electric vehicle battery manufacturing industry: A business strategy optimization for pickup and delivery
Authors: Sorooshian Shahryar , Khiavi Sina Fazel , Karimi Farzane , Mina Hassan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractModern industries use advanced technological solutions to efficiently manage waste and increase the sustainability of supply chain (SC) networks. Technologies in SC networks can achieve this by establishing a link between circular economy principles and Industry 4.0. Therefore, in this study, for the first time, a novel bi‐objective mixed‐integer linear programming model is developed to design a sustainable SC network by considering circular economy practices, the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, and the location‐routing problem with a simultaneous pickup‐and‐delivery (P&D) strategy in the electric vehicle (EV) battery industry. The proposed model locates distribution and recycling centers and considers the routing problem with the P&D strategy between the distribution centers and service providers. By applying the augmented epsilon‐constraint method, a balance is established between minimizing total costs and carbon emissions, and a set of Pareto‐optimal solutions is provided. It should be noted that the P&D strategy reduces the total costs and carbon emissions, and the IoT technology provides conditions for designing a secure and traceable network. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated using data from an EV battery module manufacturing company in the Far East. A sensitivity analysis of the parameters related to operational costs, carbon emissions, and demand demonstrated the accuracy of the performance of the proposed model.
Unleashing the potential of mRNA: Overcoming delivery challenges with nanoparticles
Authors: Chen Qiang , Huo Ku‐Geng , Ji Sheng‐Min , Pang Shu‐De , Sun Tian‐Ying , Niu Yi , Jiang Zi‐Hao , Zhang Peng , Han Shu‐Xin , Li Jin‐Yao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMessenger RNA (mRNA) has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for various diseases, including cancer, infectious diseases, and genetic disorders. The mRNA‐based therapeutics have gained significant attention due to their ability to regulate targeted cells, activate immune cells, and avoid potential risks associated with DNA‐based technology. However, the clinical application of mRNA in cancer therapy is hindered by the instability of RNA, physiological barriers, and the risk of immunogenic hurdles. To overcome these challenges and ensure the safe delivery of mRNA therapeutics to target sites, nanoparticle‐based delivery systems have been explored as potential tools in vitro and in vivo applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current status of mRNA therapy, discussing its advantages and limitations, delivery strategies and materials, as well as applications in different fields. By exploring these aspects, the researcher can gain a more complete understanding of the current state, prospects, and challenges of mRNA technologies.
A temperature responsive hydrogel encapsulated with adipose‐derived stem cells and melanin promotes repair and regeneration of endometrial injury
Authors: Song Ruigao , Ma Chicheng , Li Hongxia , Cheng Yu , Cui Xianmei , Wang Zanhong , Huang Lijuan , Song Chunying , Jing Yukai , Cao Bing , Wang Lili , Tian Qing , Wang Xi , Zhang Ruiping , Zhang Hanwang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus, assumes a crucial role in the female reproductive system. Disorders and injuries impacting the endometrium can lead to profound consequences, including infertility and compromised women's overall health. Recent advancements in stem cell research have opened new possibilities for the treatment and repair of endometrial issues. In the present study, we constructed a degradable hydrogel by loading adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) and melanin nanoparticles (MNP). In vitro cell experiments validated the biocompatibility of the prepared hydrogels and their adeptness in encapsulating ADSCs. Subsequently, we explored the impact of hydrogel@ADSC@MNP constructs in the healing process of uterine injury in mice. The results indicated that hydrogel@ADSC@MNP could augment endometrial thickness and ameliorate endometrial interstitial fibrosis. The injured tissue adjacent to hydrogel@ADSC@MNP constructs exhibited higher levels of bFGF, IGF‐1, and VEGFA compared with the corresponding tissue in mice receiving hydrogel constructs alone or in the model group. Furthermore, the hydrogel@ADSC@MNP system enhanced the proliferative capabilities of uterine endometrial cells, facilitated microvasculature regeneration, and reinstated the endometrium's capacity to receive the embryos. Our findings strongly suggest that the hydrogel@ADSC@MNP system holds significant promise for repairing and regenerating damaged endometrium.
Microwave Promoted Tandem Reaction of Free Primary Arylamines with Diazo Compounds Under Metal‐Free Condition in Water: Clean Synthesis of 2,2‐Disubstituted 3‐Oxindoles
Authors: Wang Yong , Pi Chao , Wu Yangjie , Cui Xiuling 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHerein, a microwave promoted tandem reaction of free primary arylamines with diazo compounds in water for clean synthesis of 2,2‐disubstituted 3‐oxindoles is present. Water plays important roles in the whole cascade process: O−H insertion to diazo, air oxidation, ortho C−H functionalization, cyclization and 1,2‐ester migration. In particular, water plays a mediation role in the site selective ortho‐C−H addition.