bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protein expression changes in cells inoculated with Equine Influenza Virus: antibody microarray analysis
Authors: Rozek W. , Kwasnik M. , Zmudzinski J.F. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractChanges in the level of cellular proteins in cells inoculated with equine influenza virus H7N7 and H3N8 were studied with microarray technique. H3N8 induced pro-apoptotic proteins while H7N7 induced both pro- as well as anti-apoptotic factors. The higher level of some cytoskeleton components and proteins involved in the protein quality control was recorded. Relatively high number of proteins involved in the regulation of transcription was down-regulated. The pattern of changes observed for H7N7 and H3N8 may reflect differences in the biological properties of both serotypes.
The effect of supportive E. coli mastitis treatment on PMN chemiluminescence and subpopulations of T lymphocytes
Authors: Markiewicz H. , Krumrych W. , Gehrke M. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The aim of this field study was to assess the impact of a single i.m. injection of lysozyme dimer and flunixin meglumine in combination with intramammary and systemic antibiotic on chemiluminescence of PMN (polymorphonuclear leucocytes) and subpopulations of lymphocyte T in blood of cows with E. coli mastitis.
Examinations were performed on 30 dairy cows affected with naturally occurring acute form of E. coli mastitis. Cows were randomly divided into three groups according to the method of treatment. The first group was treated with approved intramammary antibiotic product, the same antibiotic in i.m. injection and one injection of flunixin meglumine on the first day of therapy. Next group was treated with the same antibiotic and additionally one injection of lysozyme dimer on the first day of therapy. The third one was treated only with an antibiotic and served as a control group. Blood samples were taken before treatment and on days 3 and 7. In samples haematology indices were determined, spontaneous and opsonised zymosan stimulated CL and PMA measurements were performed and the subpopulations of T lymphocyte (CD2+, CD4+, CD8+) were assayed in whole blood.
There was no effect of the applied supportive treatment on the value of morphological blood indices. A significant influence of the time of sample collection on the level of CL and dynamics of lymphocytes T subpopulation was demonstrated. A single injection of flunixin meglumine or lysozyme dimer on the day of the beginning of treatment of E. coli mastitis, does not affect the level of neutrophil chemiluminescence and the percentage of T lymphocytes in the blood of mastitic cows in the analysed period of time.
Resistance to methicillin of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) isolated from bovine mastitis
Authors: Bochniarz M. , Wawron W. , Szczubiał M. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the mechanisms of staphylococcal resistance to methicillin. CNS (n=100 isolates) were prepared from the mammary inflammatory secretions of 86 cows from farms located in the Lublin region.Methicillin-resistant isolates constituted 20.0% of all CNS. Staphylococcus sciuri (n=8) and Staphylococcus xylosus (n=6) were most abundant, followed by Staphylococcus chromogenes (n=3), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (n=2) and Staphylococcus warneri (n=1). The mecA gene was found in 50.0% of MRCNS (10.0% of all CNS isolates) belonging to two species: S. sciuri and S. xylosus. All mecA-positive isolates contained the protein of low affinity to penicillin (penicillin-binding protein 2a - PBP2a). The enzyme hydrolysing the β-lactam ring in antibiotics was detected in 40.0% of MRCNS; 10.0% of MRCNS isolates were characterised by the presence of the mecA gene and ability to produce β-lactamase. The remaining 20.0% of MRCNS isolates showing phenotypic resistance to methicillin were mecA gene-negative and were not able to produce β-lactamase.
Effect of various husbandry conditions on the production parameters of swine herds in Poland
Authors: Dors A. , Czyżewska E. , Pomorska-Mól M. , Kołacz R. , Pejsak Z. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to collect production data of Polish swine herds, with special emphasis on the production parameters in farrow to finish pig herds. Another goal was to determine differences in the production performance of swine herds with different sizes, various status with regard to biosecurity, and with different veterinary expenditure. For this purpose, questionnaire surveys were carried out in 96 polish farrow to finish pig herds. The data concerning production parameters (e.g. the number of pigs born per sow per year, litters per sow per year, pre- and post-weaning mortality), farm size (small, medium, large), management (all in-all out by room or building), veterinary expenditure (including medication) and the percentage of pigs under medical treatment, were collected.
The data obtained in the present study indicate that in general, the efficiency of swine production in evaluated farms was relatively low. It was also found that in large swine farms the efficiency was better than that in small ones and that the proper biosecurity positively influenced the performance of the swine farms. However, only in 10.4% facilities, the biosecurity rules and methods, including the principle “all-in all-out”, were implemented and kept. It seems that inefficient swine production on the majority of Polish farms results from poor basic knowledge on pig production and understanding of fundamental economic rules of swine breeding.
The effect of LPS injections on non-specific immune response in affected pigeons
Authors: Dudek K. , Bednarek D. , Siwicki A.K. , Rokita E. , Studziński T. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate the effect of LPS injections on non-specific mechanisms of immunity in pigeons. On the first day of observation the experimental birds (n=18) were intravenously injected with Escherichia coli LPS (10 μg/kg b.w.), while the control animals (n=6) received in the same way apyrogenic physiological saline. On the second and the third day of the experiment LPS in the same doses was injected again. Four and a half hours after the saline and each pyrogen administration blood samples were collected from the control and experimental pigeons. The total protein, gamma globulin, lysozyme, acute phase protein (Cp, CRP, Tf, ferritin, Alb) and selected trace element (Fe, Cu, Zn) concentrations were investigated. The obtained results showed the increase in the concentration of total protein, Cp, CRP and Tf in endotoxin fever resulting from LPS injection in pigeons. In contrast, the concentration of gamma globulins, ferritin and Alb were decreased in response to the first LPS injection. However, the consecutive injections of LPS caused a decrease in the concentration of total protein, CRP and Tf. In opposition to those results, a significant rise in the lysozyme and ferritin concentrations was observed. On the other hand, the first LPS injection caused a decline in the iron and zinc concentrations which remaining lower than the control values following repeated administration of LPS. On the contrary, the copper concentration increased successively in response to the next LPS injections.
Levels of antioxidant substances, acute phase response and lipid peroxidation in the left and right abomasum displacement in cows
Authors: Mamak N. , Devrim A.K. , Aksit H. , Aytekin I. , Yıldız R. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to assess metabolic changes occurring in Holstein cows with left or right abomasal displacement. Total sialic acid (TSA) values of the left abomasal displacement (LDA) group were elevated significantly (p<0.0001) as compared to the controls. In the LDA group, serum ceruloplasmin (CPN) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels were increased significantly (p<0.0001) as well. Compared to the control group, serum glutathione (GSH) level was decreased significantly in both LDA and right abomasal displacement (RDA) groups (p<0.0001). Among the clinical examination parameters, rumen contraction rates were decreased in both LDA and RDA groups significantly (p<0.0001). These results suggest that inflammatory and oxidative parameters might have taken part in the pathogenesis of abomasal displacement. In this regard, anti-cytokine and anti-oxidant therapies developed in human medicine may also play a potential therapeutic role in the fatty liver and abomasal displacement in cattle.
The examination of biophysical skin parameters (transepidermal water loss, skin hydration and pH value) in different body regions in Polish ponies
Authors: Szczepanik M.P. , Wilkołek P.M. , Pluta M. , Adamek Ł.R. , Gołyński M. , Pomorski Z.J.H. , Sitkowski W. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate transepidermal water loss, skin hydration and skin pH in normal polish ponies. Twelve ponies of both sexes were examined in the study. Measurements were taken from seven different sites: the neck region, the shoulder, thorax, lumbar, inguinal, lip region and the pinna. In each of the regions transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin hydration and skin pH were measured. For transepidermal water loss, the lowest values were observed in the pinna (10.54 g/hm2), while the highest values were observed in the lip region (30.98 g/hm2). In the case of skin hydration the lowest values were observed for the thorax region (1.96 CU), and the highest for the lip region (48.28 CU). For skin pH, the lowest results were obtained in the pinna (7.03), and the highest in the lumbar region (8.05).
General intravenous anesthesia for brachial plexus surgery in the rabbit
Authors: Reichert P. , Rutowski R. , Kiełbowicz Z. , Kuryszko J. , Kiełbowicz M. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The rabbit is a good experimental model for brachial plexus surgery. The risks of death during anesthesia were significantly greater in rabbits than cats or dogs. This article presents the protocol of injectable anesthesia for a short surgical procedure, safe for the rabbit patient and convenient for the surgeon.
The distribution and chemical coding of neurons supplying the sphincter of Oddi in mammals
Authors: Tomaszewska O. , Kaleczyc J. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The major duodenal papilla (papilla of Vater) is an important structure associated with the biliary tract and, in some species, the pancreas. It usually represents a slight elevation on the intestinal mucosa where the dilated junction (ampulla of Vater) of the commmon bile duct and pancreatic duct enters the duodenum. The ampulla is surrounded by a specifically arranged muscle structure called the sphincter of Oddi (SO) which controls the flow of bile and pancreatic fluid. The function of the sphincter is regulated by a complex system that involves many hormonal and neural factors. The literature in the field contains detailed data on the morphology of the SO in a number of mammalian species. However, the comprehensive information about the anatomy and neurochemistry of the innervation of this structure is very limited. The present review article summarizes the current knowledge on the innervation of the SO in mammals. Special emphasis has been put on the localization and chemical coding of neurons contributing to this nerve supply.
Endoscopic examination of the urethra and the urinary bladder in dogs – indications, contraindications and performance technique
Authors: Grzegory M. , Kubiak K. , Jankowski M. , Spużak J. , Glińska-Suchocka K. , Bąkowska J. , Nicpoń J. , Hałoń A. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This paper discusses indications, contraindications, and likely complications following the endoscopic examination of the urethra and the urinary bladder in dogs. In addition, the procedure performance techniques and evaluation of the particular sections of the lower urinary tract are presented as well as the equipment used for the urethrocystoscopy.
Magnetic resonance protocols in equine lameness examination, used sequences, and interpretation
Authors: Jaskólska M. , Adamiak Z. , Zhalniarovich Y. , Holak P. , Przyborowska P. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractMagnetic resonance is a great diagnostic tool in equine lameness examination. Its value is most significantly visible in evaluating distal extremities. Problems with podotrochlear apparatus, laminitis or distal interphalangeal joint osteoarthritis are the most common disorders diagnosed in equine patients. Without using magnetic resonance it was impossible to clearly assess which structures are involved in each of these diseases. One of the most important things in MRI is the choice of sequence. Most commonly used are T1 GE, T2 FSE, STIR and T2* GE, in sagittal, transverse and dorsal planes. To make a reliable diagnosis it is important to compare findings in all these sequences.
Why are dairy cows not able to cope with the subacute ruminal acidosis?
Authors: Brzozowska A.M. , Słoniewski K. , Oprządek J. , Sobiech P. , Kowalski Z.M. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
One of the largest challenges for the dairy industry is to provide cows with a diet which is highly energetic but does not negatively affect their rumens’ functions. In highly productive dairy cows, feeding diets rich in readily fermentable carbohydrates provides energy precursors needed for maximum milk production, but simultaneously decreases ruminal pH, leading to a widespread prevalence of subacute ruminal acidosis. Maximizing milk production without triggering rumen acidosis still challenges dairy farmers, who try to prevent prolonged bouts of low ruminal pH mainly by proper nutrition and management practices. The animals try to avoid overeating fermentable feeds, as it causes negative consequences by disturbing digestive processes. The results of several experiments show that ruminants, including sheep and beef cattle, are able to modify some aspects of feeding behaviour in order to adjust nutrient intake to their needs and simultaneously prevent physiological disturbances. Particularly, such changes (e.g., increased preference for fibrous feeds, reduced intake of concentrates) were observed in animals, which were trying to prevent the excessive drop of rumen fluid pH. Thanks to a specific mechanism called “the postingestive feedback”, animals should be able to work out such a balance in intake, so they do not suffer either from hunger or from negative effects of over-ingesting the fermentable carbohydrates. This way, an acidosis should not be a frequent problem in ruminants. However, prolonged periods of excessively decreased rumen pH are still a concern in dairy cows. It raises a question, why the regulation of feed intake by postingestive feedback does not help to maintain stable rumen environment in dairy cows?
Fine needle biopsy of abdominal organs in dogs – indications, contraindications and performance technique
Authors: Glińska-Suchocka K. , Jankowski M. , Kubiak K. , Spużak J. , Dzimira S. , Nicpoń J. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Recent years have seen in both human and veterinary medicine the development of numerous techniques allowing for evaluation and classification of changes in individual organs and tissues. Despite introduction of such techniques into diagnostics as among others, CT, MRI, CEUS or elastography, biopsy is still considered a “golden standard” and it is a procedure performed in order to obtain a final diagnosis. There are many biopsy techniques, such as fine needle aspiration biopsy, core biopsy as well as methods of performing a procedure, e.g. blind biopsy, biopsy under USG control and biopsy during laparotomy. In the article usefulness of biopsy techniques in relation to diagnostics of individual abdominal organ, as well as the procedure technique, contraindication and complications are discussed.
Scapular Kinematics Pre– and Post–Thoracic Thrust Manipulation in Individuals With and Without Shoulder Impingement Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Haik Melina N. , Alburquerque-Sendín Francisco , Silva Caroline Z. , Siqueira-Junior Aristides L. , Ribeiro Ivana L. , Camargo Paula R. 
Published: May 2014

Study Design Randomized controlled trial with immediate follow-up. Objectives To evaluate the immediate effects of a low-amplitude, high-velocity thrust thoracic spine manipulation (TSM) on pain and scapular kinematics during elevation and lowering of the arm in individuals with shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS). The secondary objective was to evaluate the immediate effects of TSM on scapular kinematics during elevation and lowering of the arm in individuals without symptoms. Background Considering the regional interdependence among the shoulder and the thoracic and cervical spines, TSM may improve pain and function in individuals with SIS. Comparing individuals with SIS to those without shoulder pathology may provide information on the effects of TSM specifically in those with SIS. Methods Fifty subjects (mean ± SD age, 31.8 ± 10.9 years) with SIS and 47 subjects (age, 25.8 ± 5.0 years) asymptomatic for shoulder dysfunction were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 interventions: TSM or a sham intervention. Scapular kinematics were analyzed during elevation and lowering of the arm in the sagittal plane, and a numeric pain rating scale was used to assess shoulder pain during arm movement at preintervention and postintervention. Results For those in the SIS group, shoulder pain was reduced immediately after TSM and the sham intervention (mean ± SD preintervention, 2.9 ± 2.5; postintervention, 2.3 ± 2.5; P<.01; moderate effect size [Cohen d = 0.2]). Scapular internal rotation increased 0.5° ± 0.02° (P = .04; small effect size [Cohen d<0.1]) during elevation of the arm after TSM and sham intervention in the SIS group only. Subjects with and without SIS who received TSM and asymptomatic subjects who received the sham intervention had a significant increase (1.6° ± 2.7°) in scapular upward rotation postintervention (P<.05; small effect size [Cohen d<0.2]), which was not considered clinically significant. Scapular anterior tilt increased 1.0° ± 4.8° during elevation and lowering of the arm postmanipulation (P<.05; small effect size [Cohen d<0.2]) in the asymptomatic subjects who received TSM. Conclusion Shoulder pain in individuals with SIS immediately decreased after a TSM. The observed changes in scapular kinematics following TSM were not considered clinically important. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 4. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014;44(7):475–487. Epub 22 May 2014. doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.4760
Development and Validation of the Ankle Fracture Outcome of Rehabilitation Measure (A-FORM)
Authors: McPhail Steven M. , Williams Cylie M. , Schuetz Michael , Baxter Brett , Tonks Peter , Haines Terry P. 
Published: May 2014

Study Design Delphi panel and cohort study. Objective To develop and refine a condition-specific, patient-reported outcome measure, the Ankle Fracture Outcome of Rehabilitation Measure (A-FORM), and to examine its psychometric properties, including factor structure, reliability, and validity, by assessing item fit with the Rasch model. Background To our knowledge, there is no patient-reported outcome measure specific to ankle fracture with a robust content foundation. Methods A 2-stage research design was implemented. First, a Delphi panel that included patients and health professionals developed the items and refined the item wording. Second, a cohort study (n = 45) with 2 assessment points was conducted to permit preliminary maximum-likelihood exploratory factor analysis and Rasch analysis. Results The Delphi panel reached consensus on 53 potential items that were carried forward to the cohort phase. From the 2 time points, 81 questionnaires were completed and analyzed; 38 potential items were eliminated on account of greater than 10% missing data, factor loadings, and uniqueness. The 15 unidimensional items retained in the scale demonstrated appropriate person and item reliability after (and before) removal of 1 item (anxious about footwear) that had a higher-than-ideal outfit statistic (1.75). The “anxious about footwear” item was retained in the instrument, but only the 14 items with acceptable infit and outfit statistics (range, 0.5–1.5) were included in the summary score. Conclusion This investigation developed and refined the A-FORM (Version 1.0). The A-FORM items demonstrated favorable psychometric properties and are suitable for conversion to a single summary score. Further studies utilizing the A-FORM instrument are warranted. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014;44(7):488–499. Epub 22 May 2014. doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.4980
Experimental study of some factors affecting pulp screen capacity
Authors: Salem H.J. , Gooding R.W. , Martinez D.M. , Olson J.A. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The effect of screen cylinder geometry, pulp type, and rotor speed on screen capacity was investigated. Five screen cylinders with different slot geometries were tested using different ratios of softwood/hardwood kraft pulp mixtures and different reject ratios. The relationship between the rotor speed and screen slot velocity at the verge of plugging, taken here as a measure of "capacity", was found to be remarkably linear. Feed consistency and fibre length were found to have significant influences on capacity
Effect of NaOH/urea solution on enhancing grease resistance and strength of paper
Authors: Ma Jinxia , Zhou Xiaofan , Xiao Huining , Zhao Yi 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
A new way as shown in the following scheme was developed to fabricate paper with high strength and grease resistance. Filter paper was impregnated in NaOH/urea aqueous solution pre-cooled to -12°C for 30 s and incubated at a fixed temperature for a period of time. Swelling and dissolution of cellulose fibers facilitated more compact structure of paper and higher strength. Various influencing factors were investigated in an attempt to improve grease resistance of the paper. The results demonstrated that the paper after treatment showed a 100% grease barrier property within 24 h, and a double increase in both tensile strength and tear strength compared with the untreated paper. Moreover, burst strength was enhanced more than three times and the stretch was improved simultaneously when the paper was performed with NaOH/urea (7%:12% weight ratio) at -12°C for 120 min. In addition, the wet tensile strength of the treated paper was close to the dry tensile strength of the untreated paper.
Les légumes de plein-champ en Picardie
Authors: Fiette André 
Published: May 2014

Abstract. - About fifteen years ago Picardy became one of the main areas for vegetable-canning industry producing two fifths of the peas and French beans.
Indeed, factories coming from Paris, French Brittany and the North, settled in Picardy and large scale farming showed its technical interest.
After them, coopérative stores started smaller affairs, but they were stopped by competition and the difficulties of the new situation.
The map shows the vegetable-growing areas (Santerre, Soissonnais, Valois, North-East of Oise) where extensive farming was a traditional activity, that are now spreading to the west on the smaller table lands of Picardy.