bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eine thermisch aktiv gedämmte, monolithische Außenwand aus Infraleichtbeton als nachhaltiges, zukunftsfähiges Wandsystem?
Authors: Vogdt Frank Ulrich , Helbach Markus 
Published: February 2015

AbstractEs wurde eine monolithische, beidseitig oberflächenfertige Außenwand aus Infraleichtbeton untersucht, die vor dem Hintergrund der stetig steigenden Anforderungen an den Wärmeschutz mittels im Bauteil integrierten Kapillarrohrmatten zusätzlich thermisch aktiv gedämmt werden sollte. Der Anspruch an eine sowohl architektonisch dauerhaft‐hochwertige als auch nachhaltige Lösung führte zu einem ganzheitlichen Betrachtungsansatz, der neben der grundsätzlichen Bewertung einer thermischen Außenwandaktivierung zur Reduzierung des Wärmestromes aus dem Innenraum weitere Aspekte berücksichtigte. Im Einzelnen sind dies die ökologische Bewertung und Optimierung von Infraleichtbeton unter Berücksichtigung der dem Baustoff eigenen gleichermaßen konstruktiven wie thermischen Eigenschaften, das Verhalten des Bauteils gegenüber Feuchtigkeit – mit unmittelbarem Einfluss auf seine Dauerhaftigkeit, Standsicherheit und thermische Performance – sowie die sich aus der thermischen Aktivierung ergebenden Fragestellungen nach der Energienutzung. Das aus diesen Aspekten resultierende Anforderungsprofil soll zur Entwicklung eines modular anpassungsfähigen Wandsystems in Betonfertigteil‐Bauweise für den städtischen Wohnungsbau führen und als mögliche Basis für weitergehende, zwingend erforderliche Untersuchungen dienen.Der auf einer Masterthesis basierende Artikel berichtet über die Ergebnisse und ergänzt diese zum Teil um weitere Aspekte.A monolithic external wall made of Infra‐Lightweight Concrete, with thermally active insulation as a sustainable system? Investigations were conducted into a monolithic external wall made of Infra‐Lightweight Concrete, with a ready‐to‐use surface on either side. Due to the constantly increasing thermal insulation requirements, the wall was to have active insulation added in the form of capillary tube matting inside the component. The demands for lasting architectural quality and a sustainable solution prompted a holistic approach. Among the general analysis of the thermal outer component activation – used to reduce the heat loss of the building – further consideration was given in particular to: the environmental assessment and optimisation of Infra‐Lightweight Concrete including the material&&num;039;s inherent heat insulating and load bearing properties; the component&&num;039;s behaviour in relation to moisture – which directly impacts on its durability, stability and thermal performance; and the questions concerning the energy usage related to the thermal activation. By following the resulting profile of requirements a modular adaptable precast concrete system for urban residential architecture is to be developed, also as a possible basis for further investigations – which are certainly required.The article, which bases on a master thesis, reports on the main results, with additional material on some aspects.
Wärmedämmverbundsysteme und Außendämmungen aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen in der Altbausanierung
Authors: Rabold Andreas , Hessinger Joachim , Bacher Stefan 
Published: February 2015

AbstractDer Wärmeschutz der äußeren Gebäudehülle ist wegen der zukünftig erforderlichen Energieeinsparungen stark in der öffentlichen Diskussion präsent und wird vom Gesetzgeber über Novellierungen der Energieeinsparverordnung flankiert. Ein großes Potenzial hinsichtlich der Energieeinsparung steckt dabei in der Sanierung von Altbauten. Hier wird zur Verbesserung des Wärmeschutzes oftmals mit Wärmedämmverbundsystemen (WDVS) oder vorgehängten gedämmten Fassadenverkleidungen gearbeitet. Durch Aufbringen dieser Dämmsysteme wird auch die Schalldämmung der Außenwand beeinflusst. In einem im Rahmen der Forschungsinitiative Zukunft Bau geförderten und beim ift Rosenheim durchgeführten Forschungsvorhaben [1] wurden Untersuchungen der Schalldämmung speziell an Dämmsystemen aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen auf schweren, mittelschweren und leichten Massivwänden durchgeführt (Bild 1). Die akustische Wirksamkeit dieser Dämmsysteme wurde analysiert und mit Prognosemodellen verglichen. Ergebnisse aus diesem Forschungsprojekt werden in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt.
Monitoring von Brückenbauwerken als Werkzeug der Bauüberwachung
Authors: Marx Steffen , Krontal Ludolf , Tamms Kai 
Published: February 2015

AbstractDie messtechnische Dauerüberwachung von Bauwerken (Monitoring) wird in immer stärkerem Maße zur Beobachtung und Bewertung bestehender oder neu errichteter Ingenieurbauwerke angewendet. Die gewonnenen Messwerte werden zum Beispiel zur Überprüfung der Rechenannahmen oder für die Beurteilung des Langzeitverhaltens genutzt. Ein anderes Anwendungsfeld stellt dagegen die sicherheitsrelevante Überwachung kritischer Bauzustände mithilfe eines Monitoringsystems dar, welches mit automatisierten Warn‐ und Alarmmeldungen ausgestattet ist. Ein solches System wurde beim Neubau der Tiefgründungen und Dämme der Eisenbahnbrücken über die Aller und die Wätern eingesetzt, um rechtzeitig kritische Veränderungen der unter Eisenbahnverkehr stehenden Brückenbauwerke detektieren zu können. Das Monitoringsystem war als Kompensationsmaßnahme für das bauzeitlich reduzierte Sicherheitsniveau der stark geschädigten Bestandsbrücken vorgesehen. Im Zusammenspiel zwischen dem Anlagenverantwortlichen, der Bauüberwachung und dem Bauwerksgutachter hat sich das Monitoring als leistungsfähiges Werkzeug zur Gewährleistung eines sicheren Eisenbahnbetriebs erwiesen.Monitoring of bridge structures as a tool of construction supervisionStructural health monitoring is applied increasingly to supervise and evaluate existing or new structures. The measured values are used for example to verify the computational assumptions, or for assessing the long‐term behavior. In contrast, a different field of application is the safety monitoring of critical construction phases using a monitoring system, which is equipped with automated warning and alarm messages. Such a system was used during the construction of deep foundations and embankments of railway bridges over the river Aller and the creek Wätern. The aim of the system was to timely detect critical changes under railway and construction loads. The monitoring system was planned as a compensatory measure for the reduced level of safety during the replacement of the damaged bridges. Within the interaction between bridge owner, construction supervisor and monitoring expert, the monitoring has proven to be a powerful tool to ensure a safe railway operation even under structural works.
In vivo biotinylation and incorporation of a photo‐inducible unnatural amino acid to an antibody‐binding domain improve site‐specific labeling of antibodies
Authors: Kanje Sara , Hober Sophia 
Published: February 2015

AbstractAntibodies are important molecules in many research fields, where they play a key role in various assays. Antibody labeling is therefore of great importance. Currently, most labeling techniques take advantage of certain amino acid side chains that commonly appear throughout proteins. This makes it hard to control the position and exact degree of labeling of each antibody. Hence, labeling of the antibody may affect the antibody‐binding site. This paper presents a novel protein domain based on the IgG‐binding domain C2 of streptococcal protein G, containing the unnatural amino acid BPA, that can cross‐link other molecules. This novel domain can, with improved efficiency compared to previously reported similar domains, site‐specifically cross‐link to IgG at the Fc region. An efficient method for simultaneous in vivo incorporation of BPA and specific biotinylation in a flask cultivation of Escherichia coli is described. In comparison to a traditionally labeled antibody sample, the C2‐labeled counterpart proved to have a higher proportion of functional antibodies when immobilized on a solid surface and the same limit of detection in an ELISA. This method of labeling is, due to its efficiency and simplicity, of high interest for all antibody‐based assays where it is important that labeling does not interfere with the antibody‐binding site.
Cysteines in the neuropilin‐2 MAM domain modulate receptor homooligomerization and signal transduction
Authors: Barton Rachael , Driscoll Alyssa , Flores Samuel , Mudbhari Durlav , Collins Theresa , Iovine M. Kathryn , Berger Bryan W. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTNeuropilins (NRPs) are transmembrane receptors involved in angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and neuronal development as well as in cancer metastasis. Previous studies suggest that NRPs exist in heteromeric complexes with vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and VEGF receptors as well as plexins and semaphorins. We determined via site‐directed mutagenesis and bioluminescent resonance energy transfer assays that a conserved cysteine (C711) in the Danio rerio NRP2a MAM (meprin, A‐5 protein, and protein tyrosine phosphatase μ) domain modulates NRP2a homomeric interactions. Mutation of this residue also disrupts semaphorin‐3F binding in NRP2a‐transfected COS‐7 cells and prevents the NRP2a overexpression effects in a zebrafish vascular model. Collectively, our results indicate the MAM domain plays an important role in defining the NRP2 homodimer structure, which is important for semaphorin‐dependent signal transduction via NRP2. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 104: 371–378, 2015.
Maintenance of HL‐1 cardiomyocyte functional activity in PEGylated fibrin gels
Authors: Geuss Laura R. , Allen Alicia C.B. , Ramamoorthy Divya , Suggs Laura J. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTSuccessful cellular cardiomyoplasty is dependent on biocompatible materials that can retain the cells in the myocardium in order to promote host tissue repair following myocardial infarction. A variety of methods have been explored for incorporating a cell‐seeded matrix into the heart, the most popular options being direct application of an injectable system or surgical implantation of a patch. Fibrin‐based gels are suitable for either of these approaches, as they are biocompatible and have mechanical properties that can be tailored by adjusting the initial fibrinogen concentration. We have previously demonstrated that conjugating amine‐reactive homo‐bifunctional polyethylene glycol (PEG) to the fibrinogen prior to crosslinking with thrombin can increase stability both in vivo and in vitro. Similarly, when mesenchymal stem cells are combined with PEGylated fibrin and injected into the myocardium, cell retention can be significantly increased and scar tissue reduced following myocardial infarction. We hypothesized that this gel system could similarly promote cardiomyocyte viability and function in vitro, and that optimizing the mechanical properties of the hydrogel would enhance contractility. In this study, we cultured HL‐1 cardiomyocytes either on top of plated PEGylated fibrin (2D) or embedded in 3D gels and evaluated cardiomyocyte function by assessing the expression of cardiomyocyte specific markers, sarcomeric α‐actin, and connexin 43, as well as contractile activity. We observed that the culture method can drastically affect the functional phenotype of HL‐1 cardiomyocytes, and we present data suggesting the potential use of PEGylated fibrin gel layers to prepare a sheet‐like construct for myocardial regeneration. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 1446–1456. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Protein deimmunization via structure‐based design enables efficient epitope deletion at high mutational loads
Authors: Salvat Regina S. , Choi Yoonjoo , Bishop Alexandra , Bailey‐Kellogg Chris , Griswold Karl E. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTAnti‐drug immune responses are a unique risk factor for biotherapeutics, and undesired immunogenicity can alter pharmacokinetics, compromise drug efficacy, and in some cases even threaten patient safety. To fully capitalize on the promise of biotherapeutics, more efficient and generally applicable protein deimmunization tools are needed. Mutagenic deletion of a protein's T cell epitopes is one powerful strategy to engineer immunotolerance, but deimmunizing mutations must maintain protein structure and function. Here, EpiSweep, a structure‐based protein design and deimmunization algorithm, has been used to produce a panel of seven beta‐lactamase drug candidates having 27–47% reductions in predicted epitope content. Despite bearing eight mutations each, all seven engineered enzymes maintained good stability and activity. At the same time, the variants exhibited dramatically reduced interaction with human class II major histocompatibility complex proteins, key regulators of anti‐drug immune responses. When compared to 8‐mutation designs generated with a sequence‐based deimmunization algorithm, the structure‐based designs retained greater thermostability and possessed fewer high affinity epitopes, the dominant drivers of anti‐biotherapeutic immune responses. These experimental results validate the first structure‐based deimmunization algorithm capable of mapping optimal biotherapeutic design space. By designing optimal mutations that reduce immunogenic potential while imparting favorable intramolecular interactions, broadly distributed epitopes may be simultaneously targeted using high mutational loads. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 1306–1318. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Detection of tumor ALK status in neuroblastoma patients using peripheral blood
Authors: Combaret Valérie , Iacono Isabelle , Bellini Angela , Bréjon Stéphanie , Bernard Virginie , Marabelle Aurélien , Coze Carole , Pierron Gaelle , Lapouble Eve , Schleiermacher Gudrun , Blay Jean Yves 
Published: February 2015

AbstractNew protocols based on ALK‐targeted therapy by crizotinib or other ALK‐targeting molecules have opened for the treatment of patients with neuroblastoma (NB) if their tumors showed mutation and/or amplification of the ALK gene. However, tumor samples are not always available for analysis of ALK mutational status in particular at relapse. Here, we evaluated the ALK mutational status of NB samples by analysis of circulating DNA, using the droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) system. ddPCR assays was developed for the detection of ALK mutations at F1174 and R1275 hotspots found in NB tumors and was applied for the analysis of circulating DNA obtained from 200 μL of serum or plasma samples collected from 114 patients with NB. The mutations F1174L (exon 23 position 3520, T>C and position 3522, C>A) and the mutation R1275Q (exon 25 position 3824, G>A) were detected in circulating DNA. The sensitivity of our test was 100%, 85%, and 92%, respectively, and the specificity was 100%, 91%, and 98%, respectively. In conclusion, the assay that we have developed offers a reliable, noninvasive blood test to assess ALK mutational status at F1174 and R1275 hotspots and should help clinicians to identify patients showing an ALK mutation in particular when no tumor tissue is available.
Effect of the Mg/Al Atomic Ratio of Ni‐Mg‐Al Catalysts for the Hydrodealkylation of 1,2,4‐Trimethylbenzene
Authors: Gao Shuang , Zhai Shubo , Yan Jianbiao , Wang Zhenlu , Wang Liyan 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe hydrodealkylation of 1,2,4‐trimethylbenzene (1,2,4‐TMB) to benzene, toluene and xylenes (BTX) was investigated on Ni‐Mg‐Al catalysts prepared by the coprecipitation method. The catalytic performances of these catalysts were considerably influenced by the Mg content of the catalyst. The catalysts were characterized via X‐ray diffraction, H2‐temperature‐programmed reduction, NH3‐temperature‐programmed desorption (TPD), CO2‐TPD, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that the appropriate amount of Mg species significantly affected the structural properties and caused the Ni nanoparticles to become highly dispersed. The higher activity of the catalysts might be ascribed to the homogenous distribution of the Ni nanoparticles, and the synergetic effects between Ni0, NiAl2O4 and MgAl2O4 were the key factor for obtaining the BTX.
Electrochemical Oxidation of Glassy Carbon Provides Similar Electrochemical Response as Graphene Oxide Prepared by Tour or Hummers Routes
Authors: Santhiago Murilo , Maroneze Camila M. , Silva Cecília C. C. , Camargo Maiuí N. L. , Kubota Lauro T. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis work presents an in situ route to electrochemically prepare an oxidized carbon surface from glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs), which generates a material with a similar electrochemical response as graphene oxide. The proposed in situ route is fast, simple, environmentally friendly and consists in applying a potential of +1.8 V vs. SCE to a GCE. The oxidized electrode surface (GCEOS) and its subsequent electrochemical reduction (GCEERS) can be accomplished easily and efficiently by electrochemical techniques. GCEOS and GCEERS were characterized by electrochemical, spectroscopic and microscopy techniques, revealing the in situ origin of the material and confirming its chemical similarity to the graphene oxide prepared by the Hummers and Tour methods. The presence of a 2D atomically thick material was not observed, which strongly indicates that the electrochemical response of graphene oxide resides only in the oxygenated functional groups. The remaining oxygenated groups in GCEERS show a drastic cathodic shift of potential (542 mV) for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) electrooxidation.
Hot‐Hole Extraction from Quantum Dot to Molecular Adsorbate
Authors: Singhal Pallavi , Ghosh Hirendra N. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractUltrafast thermalized and hot‐hole‐transfer processes have been investigated in CdSe quantum dot (QD)/catechol composite systems in which hole transfer from photoexcited QDs to the catechols is thermodynamically favorable. A series of catechol derivatives were selected with different electron‐donating and ‐withdrawing groups, and the effect of these groups on hole transfer and charge recombination (CR) dynamics has been investigated. The hole‐transfer time was determined using the fluorescence upconversion technique and found to be 2–10 ps depending on the molecular structure of the catechol derivatives. The hot‐hole‐transfer process was followed after monitoring 2S luminescence of CdSe QDs. Interestingly, hot‐hole extraction was observed only in the CdSe/3‐methoxycatechol (3‐OCH3) composite system owing to the higher electron‐donating property of the 3‐methoxy group. To confirm the extraction of the hot hole and to monitor the CR reaction in CdSe QD/catechol composite systems, ultrafast transient absorption studies have been carried out. Ultrafast transient‐absorption studies show that the bleach recovery kinetics of CdSe QD at the 2S excitonic position is much faster in the presence of 3‐OCH3. This faster bleach recovery at the 2S position in CdSe/3‐OCH3 suggests hot‐hole transfer from CdSe QD to 3‐OCH3. CR dynamics in CdSe QD/catechol composite systems was followed by monitoring the excitonic bleach at the 1S position and was found to decrease with free energy of the CR reaction.
Point‐of‐Care Platelet Function Testing Predicts Bleeding in Patients Exposed to Clopidogrel Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Verify Pre‐Op TIMI 45—A Pilot Study
Authors: Reed Grant W. , Kumar Amit , Guo Jianping , Aranki Sary , Shekar Prem , Agnihotri Arvind , Maree Andrew O. , McLean Dalton S. , Rosenfield Kenneth , Cannon Christopher P. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundGuidelines recommend delaying coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for 5 days after discontinuing clopidogrel. However, platelet function may recover quicker in certain individuals.HypothesisWe hypothesized that perioperative measurement of platelet function with a point‐of‐care P2Y12 inhibitor assay could predict bleeding during CABG in patients exposed to clopidogrel.MethodsVerify Pre‐Op TIMI 45 was a prospective pilot study of 39 patients on clopidogrel who subsequently underwent CABG. Preoperative on‐treatment platelet reactivity was assessed with VerifyNow P2Y12 Reaction Units (PRU), with higher PRU indicating more reactive platelets. Outcomes were stratified by PRU quartiles, as well as prespecified cutpoints for the lowest quartile (PRU 173), a cutpoint for major bleeding determined by the Youden index using receiver operator curve analysis (PRU 207), and clopidogrel resistance (PRU 230).ResultsPatients in higher PRU quartiles experienced smaller decreases in hemoglobin and hematocrit (P < 0.05 for all comparisons), less major bleeding (P = 0.021), and less major or minor bleeding (P = 0.003). Patients above the PRU 207 and 230 cutpoints had less chest‐tube output (P = 0.041 and P = 0.012, respectively), less major bleeding (P = 0.005 and P = 0.036, respectively), and less major or minor bleeding (P = 0.013 and P < 0.001, respectively). By receiver operator curve analysis, preoperative PRU ≤ 207 discriminated between patients with and without major bleeding during surgery (area under the curve: 0.76, 95% confidence interval: 0.59‐0.94, P = 0.018).ConclusionsIn this pilot study, we found that point‐of‐care platelet function assessment could predict bleeding in patients recently exposed to clopidogrel undergoing CABG.
Ligand‐Biased and Probe‐Dependent Modulation of Chemokine Receptor CXCR3 Signaling by Negative Allosteric Modulators
Authors: Bernat Viachaslau , Brox Regine , Heinrich Markus R. , Auberson Yves P. , Tschammer Nuska 
Published: February 2015

AbstractOver the last decade, functional selectivity (or ligand bias) has evolved from being a peculiar phenomenon to being recognized as an essential feature of synthetic ligands that target G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs). The CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) is an outstanding platform to study various aspects of biased signaling, because nature itself uses functional selectivity to manipulate receptor signaling. At the same time, CXCR3 is an attractive therapeutic target in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and cancer. Herein we report the discovery of an 8‐azaquinazolinone derivative (N‐{1‐[3‐(4‐ethoxyphenyl)‐4‐oxo‐3,4‐dihydropyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐2‐yl]ethyl}‐4‐(4‐fluorobutoxy)‐N‐[(1‐methylpiperidin‐4‐yl)methyl]butanamide, 1 b) that can inhibit CXC chemokine 11 (CXCL11)‐dependent G protein activation over β‐arrestin recruitment with 187‐fold selectivity. This compound also demonstrates probe‐dependent activity, that is, it inhibits CXCL11‐ over CXCL10‐mediated G protein activation with 12‐fold selectivity. Together with a previously reported biased negative allosteric modulator from our group, the present study provides additional information on the molecular requirements for allosteric modulation of CXCR3.
Role mining based on cardinality constraints
Authors: Li Ruixuan , Li Huaqing , Gu Xiwu , Li Yuhua , Ye Wei , Ma Xiaopu 
Published: February 2015

SummaryRole mining was recently proposed to automatically find roles among user‐permission assignments using data mining technologies. However, the current studies about role mining mainly focus on how to find roles, without considering the constraints that are essentially required in role‐based access control systems. In this paper, we present a role mining algorithm with constraints, especially for the cardinality constraints. We illustrate it is essential for role mining to take cardinality constraints into account, and introduce the concepts of the cardinality constraints of roles and permissions. We further propose a role mining algorithm to generate roles based on these two kinds of cardinality constraints. The algorithm uses graph theory to model the role mining problem and maps the relation of two roles to the relation of graph elements. We set an optimization goal for role mining and employ graph optimization theory to find roles that satisfy the aforementioned cardinality constraints. We carry out the experiments to evaluate our approach. The experimental results demonstrate the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.