bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Avaliação eletrofisiológica da junção neuromuscular: breve revisão
Authors: Pedrada Lucas Alves , Dantas Camille Pettene , Silva Junior Robson Waldeck , Silva Jassiara Soares da 
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A junção neuromuscular é composta basicamente pelo terminal nervoso motor pré-sináptico, o espaço sináptico e a membrana muscular pós-sináptica. Estudos eletrofisiológicos da junção neuromuscular foram desenvolvidos com o passar dos anos e atualmente auxiliam no diagnóstico complementar e diferencial dos diferentes acometimentos da placa motora periférica. Objetivo: O presente artigo tem por objetivo uma revisão de literatura do conhecimento atual sobre a avaliação eletrofisiológica da junção neuromuscular. Materiais, sujeitos e métodos: Para a elaboração deste artigo de revisão foram consultados artigos científicos e artigos de revisão publicados e referenciados na Medline/PubMED, SciELO e Cochrane, entre 2004 e 2022, e o livro de Neuroanatomia, de Ângelo Machado, 3ª edição. Resultados e discussão: As afecções da junção neuromuscular podem ser podem ser devidas a nervos periféricos, músculos, placa motora ou através da combinação dos componentes. Neste contexto, análises eletrofisiológicas (como eletroneurografias e eletromiografias), através de avaliações diretas ou indiretas, possibilitam o diagnóstico topográfico dos segmentos do sistema nervoso periférico. Considerações finais: Evidências comprovam importante sensibilidade das análises eletrofisiológicas no contexto de alterações clínicas relacionadas aos componentes da junção neuromuscular, demonstrando o seu benefício em auxiliar o diagnóstico diferencial e manejo de condições clínicas específicas (como miastenia gravis e Eaton-Lambert).
The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Psychological Capital, Employee Engagement, and Performance: An Empirical Study
Authors: Dr. Yasmeen Shamsi Rizvi  , Mrs. Asma Nabi  
Published: July 2024

This study aims to examine how CSR influences psychological capital, engagement, and performance amidst crises. It addresses a gap in the existing literature by investigating the non-financial impacts of CSR. The study employs a correlational research design. A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA statement guidelines, analyzing various methodological and theoretical approaches across existing studies. Based on the synthesis of findings, a research model was developed to categorize dominant themes and their interconnections. Correlation analysis results indicate significant positive relationships among variables. The correlation analysis result indicates that employee perception of corporate social responsibility is highly positively correlated with employee psychological capital (r = 0.675, p < 0.01), employee engagement (r = 0.689, p< 0.01), and employee performance (r = 0.641, p< 0.01). Employee engagement shows a strong positive association with employee performance (r = 0.754, p < 0.01). The strongest correlation observed is between psychological capital and performance (r = 0.821, p < 0.01). The findings of this study underscore the pivotal role of CSR initiatives in influencing employee attitudes during a crisis. Furthermore, the results emphasize the importance of effectively implementing CSR strategies to enhance employee engagement, employee performance, and psychological capital.
Evaluation of Trend of Foreign Exchange Reserve and Shipping Industry Trade Performance in Nigeria
Authors: Nwoloziri Chinyeaka Nwokodi , Pieterson Tamunosa Felix , Nwachukwu Tochi Clement , Hlali Arbia 
Published: July 2024

This study focused on the evaluation of the trend of foreign exchange (FX) reserve and the performance of shipping industry trade by examining the export and import trades within the periods 2011 to 2022. The objectives were to determine the correlation between trend values of FX with export and import shipping trades in Nigeria. Provisional data on foreign exchange reserve, export, and import trades from World Bank, CBN, and Trend Economy were analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient analysis, and it was observed that foreign exchange positively influences export and import shipping trades; however, the study infers that the impacts were not significant at 0.05 (2-tailed) significance level. It concludes that the positive correlations between the data variables inform that decrease in FX influences decrease in export and import trade which also return economic growth, development, and reduced people’s standards of living in Nigeria. However, the reserve becomes the case. The study recommends immediate policy adjustment to hold and maintain strong foreign exchange which could boost country’s reserve for better performance of the shipping industry and other sectors of the economy.

Received: 14 April 2024 | Revised: 30 May 2024 | Accepted: 24 June 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
The data that support this work are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.

Author Contribution Statement
Chinyeaka Nwokodi Nwoloziri: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Visualization, Supervision. Tamunosa Felix Pieterson: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Visualization, Project administration. Tochi Clement Nwachukwu: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Visualization, Project administration. Arbia Hlali: Conceptualization, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Supervision.
Optimización Bayesiana no miope POMDP para procesos con restricciones de operación y presupuesto finito
Authors: Pitarch José Luis , Armesto Leopoldo , Sala Antonio 
Published: July 2024

Mejorar la toma de decisiones a partir de los resultados observados tras la experimentación es una tarea habitual en muchas aplicaciones, tanto a nivel de investigación en laboratorio como en procesos de producción industriales. Sin embargo, realizar experimentos suele acarrear un coste no despreciable, por lo que una excesiva exploración es perjudicial. La optimización bayesiana es una técnica muy utilizada en este contexto, decidiendo la siguiente experimentación en base a un modelo estadístico.No obstante, está técnica no tiene en cuenta explícitamente el coste real de realizar un experimento, ni si existe un presupuesto (o número de experimentos, tiempo, etc.) máximo. El problema de toma de decisiones bajo incertidumbre y presupuesto finito puede plantear como un Proceso de Decisión de Márkov Parcialmente observable (POMDP, por sus siglas en inglés). Este trabajo aborda el problema de optimización experimental sujeta a restricciones de operación con un enfoque POMDP, donde las posibles decisiones vienen proporcionadas por heurísticas de la optimización bayesiana, o de otra índole definida por el usuario. La estrategia consiste en construir un árbol de posibles escenarios partir del conocimiento (incierto) acerca del proceso/sistema aprendido a partir de experimentos previos. Dicho conocimiento se modela mediante procesos Gaussianos, que se actualizan con cada nueva observación. La evaluación sobre la mejor decisión a tomar se realiza mediante programación dinámica. El algoritmo desarrollado ha sido evaluado mediante comparación con otras opciones de la literatura en un banco de pruebas sintético, y para optimizar un proceso químico de producción por lotes.
Psychometric properties of the Ten-Item Personality Inventory for Children and Adolescents (TIPI-CA) in a Spanish sample
Authors: López-Fernández Francisco J. , Pineda David , Rivera-Riquelme María , Lloret Daniel , Piqueras José A. 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThe Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) is a non-commercial very brief Five-Factor Model (FFM) measure widely em-ployed in research. Its use has been extended to children and adolescents, without exploring the suitability of its employ-ment for these early ages. The present study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of an adaptation of this ques-tionnaire (the Ten-Item Personality Inventory for Children and Adolescents, TIPI-CA).Participants and procedureThe sample comprised 2428 children and adolescents (Mage = 12.65, SD = 2.41, 47.16% girls). The psychometric properties of the TIPI-CA were explored in terms of factor validity (including measurement invariance across gender), as well as conver-gent and divergent validities in a subsample of 800 participants (Mage = 12.50, SD = 1.96, 49.1% girls). Furthermore, criterion validity was also tested by exploring associations with prosocial behavior and psychopathological problems in another sub-sample of 618 participants (Mage = 11.97, SD = 2.70, 53.2% girls). Finally, internal consistency and temporal stability were estimated too.ResultsThe TIPI-CA presented reasonably appropriate psychometric properties, although weaker discriminant validity was found among children and adolescents compared to TIPI adult versions.ConclusionsThe instrument emerges as a useful tool to obtain a suitable approximation of the Big Five personality trait measures when time and/or space are scarce at early and young ages.
A More Perfect Union
Authors: Livestro Joshua 
Published: July 2024

This book tells the history of the ‘federal union’, a concept that may be traced from the early Renaissance to the establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community (1951) – the predecessor of today’s European Union. It is a story of three federal canons: of greater and lesser thinkers, of utopian peace plans, and of practical experiences with federal unions. Together they shaped the concepts that created the ECSC.
This book unlocks the past of the EU – a union that always thought it didn’t have a past, but was, on the contrary, ‘sui generis’, without examples or predecessors. Although there was nothing inevitable about the founding of the EU, A More Perfect Union shows that it was plausible and perhaps even predictable that such a union would be formed at some point – and that the aftermath of the Second World War was exactly the kind of founding moment about which federal theorists in previous centuries had speculated.
PEMIKIRAN PENDIDIKAN HASAN LANGGULUNG TENTANG TUJUAN PENDIDIKAN DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN TUJUAN PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Samsuddin  , Nur Shamsul Mariyanto , Patahuddin Askar , Jabar Idharudin Abdul 
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research is to analyze and describe Hasan Langgulung's thoughts about the aims of Islamic education and its relevance to the aims of national education. This research uses qualitative methods descriptive with a type of literature study (library research) carried out through literature review and research. The primary data in this research is a book by Hasan Langgulung which was collected using documentation techniques and then reviewed, examined and discussed using the content analysis method which was carried out inductively. The findings and results of this research are, First, the objectives of Islamic education according to Hasan Langroll are (1) to produce students who are pious and have noble character who realize their devotion to Allah and realize their duties as caliphs (2) to create a pious society. Second, the aim of Islamic education in Hasan Langroll's thinking is relevant to the aim of national education, namely to produce students who are faithful, devout and have noble character and to produce students as good, democratic and responsible citizens.
Educação em Presídios Brasileiros: Garantia de Direitos e Transformação de Vidas
Authors: Assunção Bárbara Aline Ferreira , Duque Rita de Cássia Soares 
Published: July 2024

Education within the Brazilian prison system is a measure of respect for human rights and a strategy to promote social reintegration and reduce criminal recidivism. Despite legislative advancements and promising initiatives such as the National Program for Education in Prisons (PNEP), there are still challenges to be overcome to ensure effective access and quality education for inmates. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of educational policies implemented in Brazilian prisons, focusing on identifying the main obstacles faced and best practices that have the potential to transform the lives of individuals deprived of liberty. The research utilizes a qualitative approach, including literature review, document analysis, and study of educational initiatives in prisons from different regions of the country.
EDUKASI PERSONAL HYGIENE PADA WARGA BINAAN LAPAS KLAS II B PADANGSIDIMPUAN
Authors: Harahap Mei Adelina , Rangkuti Juni Andriani , Rangkuti Nur Aliyah , Gintings Akhyar Fauzi 
Published: July 2024

Kebutuhan dasar manusia dibagi menjadi kebutuhan fisik, psikologis dan sosial. Kebutuhan tersebut tidak dapat dipenuhi atau terganggu jika seseorang tidak atau kurang memiliki pengetahuan dan kemampuan personal hygiene yang baik. Personal hygiene adalah suatu tindakan untuk memelihara kebersihan dan kesehatan seseorang untuk kesejahteraan fisik dan psikis. Tujuan dari personal hygiene adalah untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan., memelihara kebersihan diri, pencegahan penyakit, meningkatkan percaya diri, serta menciptakan keindahan. Dari hasil wawancara dengan pengelola lapas diketahui bahwa pemahaman dan kesadaran penghuni lapas mengenai personal hygiene masih cukup rendah sehingga muncul dampak masalah kesehatan fisik pada penghuni Lapas. . Metode yang di gunakan adalah berupa Edukasi. Pelaksanaan di lakukan di Lapas Kelas II- B Padangsidimpuan.Kegiatan ini terlaksana dengan dengan baik bahkan para peserta terlihat antusias
Basic human needs are divided into physical, psychological and social needs. These needs cannot be met or disturbed if someone does not or lacks the knowledge and ability of good personal hygiene. Personal hygiene is an action to maintain a person's cleanliness and health for physical and psychological well-being. The aim of personal hygiene is to improve health, maintain personal hygiene, prevent disease, increase self-confidence, and create beauty. From the results of interviews with prison managers, it is known that the understanding and awareness of prison inmates regarding personal hygiene is still quite low, resulting in the impact of physical health problems on prison inmates. . The method used is in the form of counseling. The implementation was carried out at the Class II-B Padangsidimpuan Prison. This activity was carried out well and even the participants looked enthusiastic
PENYULUHAN KESEHATAN “ TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN REMAJA MENGENAI BAHAYA PEROKOK AKTIF DAN PEROKOK PASIF DI MTS YPKS KOTA PADANGSIDIMPUAN “
Authors: Napitupulu Natar Fitri , Napitupulu Mastiur , Sujoko Edy , Harahap Eky Maryo , Insan Hafni Nur 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRAK
Kegiatan ini merupakan bentuk aplikasi dalam pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh dosen dan mahasiswa. Berdasarkan hasil survey, wawancara dan observasi ditemukan permasalahan remaja yang merokok. Merokok adalah menghisap bahan-bahan yang berbahaya bagi tubuh yang mempengaruhi Kesehatan. Berdasarkan hasil angket usia remaja yang merokok yaitu 28,6% berusia 15 tahun, 22,9% berusia 16 tahun, 31,4% berusia 17 tahun, 8,6% berusia 18 tahun, 8,6% berusia 19 tahun. Sedangkan berdasarkan jenis kelamin yaitu 100% remaja yang berokok berjenis kelamin laki- laki. Metode yang digunakan pada implementasi Pendidikan Kesehatan ini secara langsung dan DARING dengan menggunakan aplikasi zoom online, Pendidikan kesehatan adalah aplikasi atau penerapan pendidikan di dalam bidang Kesehatan. Hasil dari kegiatan Pendidikan Kesehatan ini sudah ada peningkatan pengetahuan remaja tentang bahaya rokok sebanyak 80 % dan 80% remaja berkeinginan untuk berhenti merokok.

Kata kunci : Bahaya perokok aktif dan perokok pasif
Cosmogenic 3He chronology of postglacial lava flows at Mt Ruapehu, Aotearoa / New Zealand
Authors: Doll Pedro , Eaves Shaun Robert , Kennedy Ben Matthew , Blard Pierre-Henri , Nichols Alexander Robert Lee , Leonard Graham Sloan , Townsend Dougal Bruce , Cole Jim William , Conway Chris Edward , Baldwin Sacha , Fénisse Gabriel , Zimmermann Laurent , Tibari Bouchaïb 
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Accurate volcanic hazard assessments rely on a detailed understanding of the timing of past eruptions. While radiometric methods like 40Ar/39Ar or K/Ar are by far the most conventional lava flow dating tools, their low resolution for young (<20 ka) deposits interferes with the development of precise chronologies of recent effusive activity on most volcanoes. Mt Ruapehu (Aotearoa / New Zealand) has produced many lava flows throughout its history, but the precise timing of many recent eruptions remains largely unknown. In this study, we use cosmogenic 3He exposure dating to provide 23 eruption ages of young lava flows at Ruapehu. We then compare our results with existing 40Ar/39Ar and paleomagnetic constraints, highlighting the value of cosmogenic nuclide exposure dating in refining recent eruptive chronologies. Of the 23 sampled flows, 16 provided robust eruption ages (5 %–20 % internal 2σ; n≥3) between ca. 20 and 8 ka, except for one lava flow that erupted at around 43 ka, and their age distribution indicates that, during the last 20 kyr, effusive activity at Ruapehu peaked at 17–12 ka and at 9–7.5 ka. Nearly identical eruption ages of lavas located in different flanks of the volcanic edifice suggest concurrent activity from multiple vents during relatively short time intervals (0–2 kyr) at around 13, 10, and 8 ka. We analysed four individual lava flows previously dated by 40Ar/39Ar, two of which yield eruption ages older than the older limit of the 2σ interval of the radiometric dates, but the good clustering of individual samples from our sites suggests that our results better represent the real eruption age of these flows. Our 3He-based chronology shows excellent agreement with paleomagnetic constraints, suggesting that production rate uncertainties are unlikely to impact the accuracy of our eruption ages. This study demonstrates how cosmogenic nuclide dating can provide greater detail on the recent effusive chronology of stratovolcanoes, helping to resolve the low resolution of and difficulty in applying radiometric dating methods to young lava flows.
34. MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN KẾT QUẢ CHĂM SÓC NGƯỜI BỆNH TỔN THƯƠNG TỦY SỐNG CÓ BÀNG QUANG THẦN KINH
Authors: Huyền Nguyễn Khánh , Huynh Đào Văn , Đào Trần Thị Bích , Đồng Phạm Thành 
Published: July 2024

Mục tiêu: Phân tích một số yếu tố liên quan đến kết quả chăm sóc người bệnh có bàng quang thần kinh do tổn thương tủy sống tại Trung tâm Phục hồi chức năng, bệnh viện Bạch Mai năm 2022.
Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả cắt ngang trên 133 người bệnh từ 18 tuổi trở lên, được chẩn đoán bàng quang thần kinh điều trị tại Trung tâm Phục hồi chức năng, bệnh viện Bạch Mai.với bộ câu hỏi phỏng vấn người bệnh đánh giá hoạt động chăm sóc qua 9 tiêu chí: chăm sóc da, chăm sóc ăn uống, chăm sóc theo dõi đường tiểu, chăm sóc hô hấp, chăm sóc đường ruột, chăm sóc phòng ngừa tắc mạch, chăm sóc tư thế đúng, phục hồi vận động cho NB sau phẫu thuật, chăm
sóc tư vấn cho người bệnh.
Kết quả: Tỷ lệ chăm sóc chưa tốt ở người bệnh tổn thương tủy sống có bàng quang thần kinh là 18% và tỷ lệ này cao hơn ở người bệnh hưu trí so với nghề nghiệp khác (38,9% so với 14,8%); người bệnh có trình độ học vấn trên THPT so với dưới THPT (23,8% so với 9,4%); ở người bệnh chưa đạt chăm sóc ăn uống so với người bệnh đạt (38,9% so với 14,8%) và người bệnh chưa đạt chăm sóc hô hấp so với người bệnh đạt chăm sóc hô hấp (41,2% so với 14,7%).
Kết luận: Tỷ lệ chăm sóc chưa tốt của người bệnh tổn thương tủy sống có bàng quang thần kinh trong nghiên cứu là 18%. Một số yếu tố liên quan đến chăm sóc chưa tốt là: người bệnh có trình độ dưới THPT, người bệnh chưa nghỉ hưu, người bệnh chăm sóc chưa đạt về ăn uống và hô hấp.
“Without Losing Sight of the Concrete”: Critical and Metacritical Theories of Race
Authors: Paris William 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
The shifting dynamics of racial domination across historical contexts present a problem for critical philosophy of race. Much of the literature has focused on answering the question of “What is race?” as the solution to the problem of dynamic variability. In what follows, this article proposes that a better solution should begin with answering the question “What must the world be like for race to shift appearances across contexts?” Answering the latter question recapitulates the classic tension between appearance and reality. A core feature of racial domination is that it abstracts from social relations by presenting them as natural. Drawing on the tradition of critical theory from Karl Marx to Roy Bhaskar, this article argues that the task of critical philosophy of race is primarily explanatory rather than moral. The wrongness of racial domination follows from the critical elucidation of how a given society systemically induces the misrecognition of social conditions and thus blocks the realization of emancipatory agency. By presenting a clearer picture of what the world is like, critical philosophy of race can better aid our capacity for self-emancipation.
Charles Mills’s “Black Trash”: Reproducing Race, Pig Waste, and Ecological Resistance
Authors: Opperman Romy 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
The reception of the work of Charles Mills has mostly been restricted to responses to Rawls, social epistemology, and Black feminist critique. All overlook the sustained analysis of space, race, and waste, which this article argues is its most valuable contribution for critical philosophy of race today. This article claims that that in addition to “cognitive resistance,” an analysis of Black trash suggests intimate ecological resistance as a fundamental aspect of the political self-assertion of racialized “subpersons,” and argues that this challenges any qualified fidelity to the basic tenets of liberal political philosophy. Focusing on waste from the pig industry in North Carolina, the article returns to Mills’s essay “Black Trash” to demonstrate the importance of ecology to the racial contract and its renewed relevance. Building on Shatema Threadcraft’s critical engagement with Mills in Intimate Justice, the article concludes that a Black trash feminist approach that foregrounds intimate matters is necessary for ecological resistance.
“I Understand That I Will Never Understand”: White Ignorance, Anti-Racism, and the Right to Opacity
Authors: Ewara Eyo 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
This article offers a philosophical exploration of, and critical engagement with, the antiracist slogan “I understand that I will never understand. However, I stand.” Drawing on Charles Mills’s discussions of white ignorance and Édouard Glissant’s conception of the “right to opacity,” it first offers several interpretations and philosophical reconstructions of the claim that white allies “understand that they will never understand,” reading this as potentially articulating either an epistemic failure or a kind of ethical self-limitation. It then draws on the work of Saidiya Hartman to offer a caution about the affirmation and naturalization of this delimited understanding as its ambiguity threatens to reinvoke and re-entrench certain racist conceptions already present within an antiblack context.