bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BASIC EXPERIMENTS OF CS UPTAKE CAPABILITY FOR Eleocharis acicularis
Authors: Takehara Akinari , Sakakibara Masayuki , Sato Yasushi , Sano Sakae 
Published: September 2015

<p>Soil in the Fukushima area has been polluted with the radioactive contaminants such as Cs by the accident of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in March 2011. Remediation of soil contaminated with radioactive Cs remains one of the most important problems. Phytoremediation is an environmental remediation technique that takes advantage of plant physiology and metabolism to remove radioactive contaminants. Eleocharis acicularis is well known as heavy metal hyperaccumulator aquatic plant and expected as the strong candidate for application to Phytoremediation of polluted water and soil. In this study, a laboratory experiment was carried out to investigate the potential of E.acicularis for Phytoremediation of radioactive Cs contaminated site.The plants were grown hydroponically and placed in solutions containing Cs and K at different concentration (Cs concentration: 5 mg/L, K concentration: 0, 0.2, 2, 5, 50, 100 mg/L) in a period of 21days.In the experimental results, the highest concentration of Cs was 1560 mg/kg-DW in E. acicularis after 21 days. The concentration of Cs in plants decreased with the increasing initial concentration of K in the solution. This results indicate that E. acicularis has the ability to accumulate radioactive Cs from radioactive Cs contaminated soil and water, making it a good candidate species for radioactive Cs Phytoremediation.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong> : Fukushima, Eleocharis acicularis, phytoremediation, Cs</p>
Plant and root endophyte assembly history: interactive effects on native and exotic plants
Authors: Sikes Benjamin A. , Hawkes Christine V. , Fukami Tadashi 
Published: September 2015

AbstractDifferences in the arrival timing of plants and soil biota may result in different plant communities through priority effects, potentially affecting the success of native vs. exotic plants, but experimental evidence is largely lacking. We conducted a greenhouse experiment to investigate whether the assembly history of plants and fungal root endophytes could interact to influence plant emergence and biomass. We introduced a grass species and eight fungal species from one of three land‐use types (undisturbed, disturbed, or pasture sites in a Florida scrubland) in factorial combinations. We then introduced all plants and fungi from the other land‐use types 2 weeks later. Plant emergence was monitored for 6 months, and final plant biomass and fungal species composition assessed. The emergence and growth of the exotic Melinis repens and the native Schizacharyium niveum were affected negatively when introduced early with their “home” fungi, but early introduction of a different plant species or fungi from a different site type eliminated these negative effects, providing evidence for interactive priority effects. Interactive effects of plant and fungal arrival history may be an overlooked determinant of plant community structure and may provide an effective management tool to inhibit biological invasion and aid ecosystem restoration.
Obesity and Hyperlipidemia Modulate Alveolar Bone Loss in Wistar Rats
Authors: Cavagni Juliano , de Macedo Isabel Cristina , Gaio Eduardo José , Souza Andressa , de Molon Rafael Scaf , Cirelli Joni Augusto , Hoefel Ana Lúcia , Kucharski Luiz Carlos , Torres Iraci Lucena da Silva , Rösing Cassiano Kuchenbecker 
Published: September 2015

Background: A positive association between obesity‐associated metabolic disorders (e.g., hyperlipidemia and diabetes) and periodontitis has been demonstrated in the literature. This study evaluates the role of cafeteria diet–induced obesity/hyperlipidemia (CAF) on alveolar bone loss (ABL) in rats.Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided in four groups: control, periodontitis (PERIO), obesity/hyperlipidemia (CAF), and obesity/hyperlipidemia plus periodontitis (CAF+PERIO). Groups CAF and CAF+PERIO were exposed to a high‐fat, hypercaloric diet. At week 12, periodontal disease was induced in groups PERIO and CAF+PERIO by ligatures in the upper second molar. The contralateral tooth was considered the intragroup control. Body weight and Lee index were evaluated weekly during the experiment. Serum glucose and cholesterol/triglycerides in the liver were evaluated, and percentage of ABL was measured by microcomputed tomography. Serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and interleukin (IL)‐1β were evaluated by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay at week 17.Results: Body weight, Lee index, and cholesterol/triglycerides in the liver increased in groups exposed to the cafeteria diet. Groups PERIO and CAF+PERIO exhibited a significantly higher ABL compared to control and CAF groups. The presence of obesity and hyperlipidemia significantly increased ABL in the CAF+PERIO group compared to the PERIO group (53.60 ± 3.44 versus 42.78 ± 7.27, respectively) in the sides with ligature. Groups exposed to CAF exhibited higher ABL in the sides without ligature. No differences were observed among groups for IL‐1β and TNF‐α.Conclusion: Obesity and hyperlipidemia modulate the host response to challenges in the periodontium, increasing the expression of periodontal breakdown.
Activation of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor‐κB Ligand and Matrix Metalloproteinase Production in Periodontal Fibroblasts by Endothelin Signaling
Authors: Ruest L. Bruno , Ranjbaran Hamid , Tong Eric J. , Svoboda Kathy K. H. , Feng Jian Q. 
Published: September 2015

Background: Periodontitis is a group of inflammatory diseases affecting the tissues supporting the teeth that will progressively cause the loss of alveolar bone and periodontal ligaments and eventually the dentition. Activation of osteoclast activity by receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL) and released enzymes such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are among the factors involved in the breakdown of the periodontium. However, the mechanisms regulating their production in periodontitis are poorly understood. Endothelin signaling via the activation of the endothelin‐A receptor (EDNRA) by endothelin‐1 may play a role in the disease because the expression of the receptor and ligand is elevated in the periodontal tissues of patients with periodontitis.Methods: Cultured primary human periodontal fibroblasts were treated with 20 and 100 nM endothelin‐1 for 6 and 24 hours and then collected to assess MMP and RANKL production by immunoblotting. Inhibitors were used to identify the molecular pathways activated by EDNRA in these cells.Results: Endothelin‐1 stimulated the production of MMP1, MMP8, and RANKL in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner; blocking EDNRA function with the antagonist TBC3214 inhibited the response, although EDNRA activation had no effects on osteoprotegerin production. These mechanistic studies indicate that EDNRA activates phospholipase C, which then 1) increases the MMP1 protein levels through activation of the extracellular signal‐regulated kinase mitogen‐activated protein kinase‐dependent pathway and 2) upregulates RANKL by a different pathway.Conclusion: These results suggest that EDNRA may function in the breakdown of the periodontal tissues associated with periodontitis by promoting the protein expression of MMPs and RANKL via the phospholipase C pathway.
Storytelling Voice Conversion: Evaluation Experiment Using Gaussian Mixture Models
Authors: Přibil Jiří , Přibilová Anna , Ďuračková Daniela 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
In the development of the voice conversion and personification of the text-to-speech (TTS) systems, it is very necessary to have feedback information about the users’ opinion on the resulting synthetic speech quality. Therefore, the main aim of the experiments described in this paper was to find out whether the classifier based on Gaussian mixture models (GMM) could be applied for evaluation of different storytelling voices created by transformation of the sentences generated by the Czech and Slovak TTS system. We suppose that it is possible to combine this GMM-based statistical evaluation with the classical one in the form of listening tests or it can replace them. The results obtained in this way were in good correlation with the results of the conventional listening test, so they confirm practical usability of the developed GMM classifier. With the help of the performed analysis, the optimal setting of the initial parameters and the structure of the input feature set for recognition of the storytelling voices was finally determined.
Precise Compact System For Ionizing Radiation Detection And Signal Processing With Advanced Components Integration And Electronic Control
Authors: Navařík Jakub , Novák Petr , Pechoušek Jiří , Machala Libor , Jančík Dalibor , Mašláň Miroslav 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Quality and performance of a detection system are the crucial parameters in all nuclear physics experiments. This system serves as a source of all signals and noises to be processed. Better performance, higher amplification and lower noises occurrence simplify subsequent signal analysis. In the field of Mössbauer spectroscopy, the spectrum quality and Mössbauer effect are crucial parameters which are affected especially by the quality of the detection system. These parameters were evaluated for different types of a detection setup. Finally an improvement of the spectrum quality by 15% and Mössbauer effect by 7% has been achieved for the natural iron reference absorber measurement in comparison with previous version of the detection system.
Influence Of Nanoparticles Diameter On Structural Properties Of Magnetic Fluid In Magnetic Field
Authors: Kúdelčík Jozef , Bury Peter , Hardoň Štefan , Kopčanský Peter , Timko Milan 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The properties of magnetic fluids depend on the nanoparticle diameter, their concentration and the carrier liquid. The structural changes in magnetic fluids with different nanoparticle diameter based on transformer oils TECHNOL and MOGUL under the effect of a magnetic field and temperature were studied by acoustic spectroscopy. At a linear and jump changes of the magnetic field at various temperatures a continuous change was observed of acoustic attenuation caused by aggregation of the magnetic nanoparticles to structures. From the anisotropy of acoustic attenuation and using the Taketomi theory the basic parameters of the structures are calculated and the impact of nanoparticle diameters on the size of structures is confirmed.
Slovak students’ comprehension of English figurative idioms containing body parts
Authors: Ciprianová Elena , Vrábelová Marta 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Figurative idioms constitute a large proportion of multi-word expressions in everyday language. Contrary to the traditional view of idioms as non-compositional units, numerous studies in cognitive linguistics show that most idioms are not arbitrary but motivated by conceptual metaphors and metonymies that provide a link between literal and figurative meanings. Familiarity with particular source domains and conceptual mappings is regarded as a source of idiom transparency. In this article, we report on a study in which 85 Slovak students participated. Their task was to guess the meanings of English idioms containing three body parts: the eye, the hand and the heart. These body parts are not equally productive metaphorical source domains in English and Slovak. The research results which we present indicate that different prominence of the source domains in students’ mother tongue and the target language is one of the factors that influence idiom comprehension in a foreign language.
The degree of grammaticalization of gotta, gonna, wanna and better: A corpus study
Authors: Machová Dagmar 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The paper studies the degree of grammaticalization of the structures gotta, gonna, wanna and better. The study presumes that the semantics of these structures – more precisely their modal polyfunctionality (i.e. the ability to express deontic and epistemic meaning at the same time) – has an impact on their morphosyntactic properties. Using corpora (predominantly the British National Corpus and the Corpus of Contemporary American English) and web forums, the paper studies in detail the level of independence of gotta, gonna, wanna and better from their respective auxiliaries (have and be) and the development of the operator properties of these structures typical for central modals (i.e. inversion in questions, compatibility with clausal negation and occurrence in elliptical contexts). It demonstrates that gonna and gotta are partially grammaticalized, especially with respect to the independence of their auxiliaries, but they do not syntactically behave as modals. The verb wanna behaves as a modal morphologically but not syntactically. On the other hand, better is grammaticalized to a high degree, and it does demonstrate both the morphology and syntax of central modal verbs.
Assessment of Skid Resistance of Asphalt Mixtures in Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Gardziejczyk W. , Wasilewska M. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe aggregate applied for the wearing course has a significant influence on skid resistance of road surfaces. However, it is difficult to evaluate the behaviour of road surface in use on the basis of the Polished Stone Value (PSV) determined for the aggregate according to the so called ‘British method’. The British method, which is currently used in many countries, does not allow to determine the influence of neither the grain size of the aggregate nor the type of the wearing course on skid resistance of road surface. The present paper suggests a method for evaluation of the British Pendulum Number (BPN) for road surfaces in laboratory conditions. The authors assumed the BPN for polished slabs, made from asphalt mixtures, as the criterion. The index was measured with the British Pendulum Tester. The simulation of the process was conducted on research stand (called slab polisher) built at Bialystok University of Technology (BUT). The results of laboratory tests indicate that surfaces from asphalt concrete (AC) have slightly higher values of BPN in comparison with the values determined for surfaces made from stone mastic asphalt (SMA).
Assessment of Environmental DNA for Detecting Presence of Imperiled Aquatic Amphibian Species in Isolated Wetlands
Authors: McKee Anna M. , Calhoun Daniel L. , Barichivich William J. , Spear Stephen F. , Goldberg Caren S. , Glenn Travis C. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Environmental DNA (eDNA) is an emerging tool that allows low-impact sampling for aquatic species by isolating DNA from water samples and screening for DNA sequences specific to species of interest. However, researchers have not tested this method in naturally acidic wetlands that provide breeding habitat for a number of imperiled species, including the frosted salamander (Ambystoma cingulatum), reticulated flatwoods salamanders (Ambystoma bishopi), striped newt (Notophthalmus perstriatus), and gopher frog (Lithobates capito). Our objectives for this study were to develop and optimize eDNA survey protocols and assays to complement and enhance capture-based survey methods for these amphibian species. We collected three or more water samples, dipnetted or trapped larval and adult amphibians, and conducted visual encounter surveys for egg masses for target species at 40 sites on 12 different longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) tracts. We used quantitative PCRs to screen eDNA from each site for target species presence. We detected flatwoods salamanders at three sites with eDNA but did not detect them during physical surveys. Based on the sample location we assumed these eDNA detections to indicate the presence of frosted flatwoods salamanders. We did not detect reticulated flatwoods salamanders. We detected striped newts with physical and eDNA surveys at two wetlands. We detected gopher frogs at 12 sites total, three with eDNA alone, two with physical surveys alone, and seven with physical and eDNA surveys. We detected our target species with eDNA at 9 of 11 sites where they were present as indicated from traditional surveys and at six sites where they were not detected with traditional surveys. It was, however, critical to use at least three water samples per site for eDNA. Our results demonstrate eDNA surveys can be a useful complement to traditional survey methods for detecting imperiled pond-breeding amphibians. Environmental DNA may be particularly useful in situations where detection probability using traditional survey methods is low or access by trained personnel is limited.
Hybrid approach for travel‐time seismic tomography in elliptical anisotropic media
Authors: Cardarelli E. , Cerreto A. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTA hybrid approach for seismic travel‐time tomography is proposed in the case of elliptical anisotropic media. A sequential scheme is presented that combines simulating annealing with linearized least squares inversion. At first, simulated annealing is implemented to obtain a velocity model that can be used as initial guess for successive linearized least squares inversion; in the meantime, linear travel‐time interpolation is diffusely used to trace ray paths and calculate travel times. The procedure was tested both for a synthetic model and a field study. Since the field study come from a previous study, uniquely solved by linearized least squares inversion without suggestions for initial guess of the velocity model, we were interested in evaluating upgrades from the hybrid approach compared with solutions coming from a single technique. We found the hybrid approach able to individuate a better velocity model with respect to a “single technique” approach, but as the improvement was slight despite the big amount of computation time needed by simulated annealing, we had also an indirect validation of the previous results of the field study.
Anisotropic effects on the near surface seismic imaging
Authors: Zhang Lina , Zhang Wei , Zhang Jie 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTAnisotropic effects have been widely considered in seismic subsurface imaging but rarely for the near‐surface area. The near‐surface area is often assumed isotropic. Seismic refraction methods are often applied to infer a shallow velocity model, either for making static corrections or for building the top portion of a pre‐stack depth migration velocity model. To study the anisotropic effects on the refractions and the near‐surface imaging results, we design numerical models with horizontal‐transverse‐isotropy anisotropic parameters assigned in the shallow layers and perform three‐dimensional seismic ray‐tracing with the consideration of horizontal‐transverse‐isotropy anisotropy to calculate the first‐arrival travel times. Then, we assume the near‐surface area “isotropic” and invert a near‐surface velocity model using isotropic travel‐time tomography. Through these tests, we have identified that the footprints of the recording geometry could be mapped into the velocity model, and high‐velocity anomalies are produced right above the refractor if the horizontal‐transverse‐isotropy anisotropy is ignored. By applying the azimuth‐dependent travel‐time tomography, we could account for anisotropic effects and infer the fast and slow velocity models to determine the direction of the symmetry axis. With the same approach, we process a three‐dimensional real data set, and the results are consistent with the local geology.
Systèmes productifs conjoints (université, entreprise) : résultats d’un sondage dans le sud du Brésil
Authors: Ruduit Garcia Sandro 
Published: September 2015

Le présent chapitre discute les interactions entre gouvernement, université et entreprise, en mettant l’accent sur la question de l’aide publique aux petites entreprises innovantes dans les systèmes productifs université-entreprise (incubateurs et parcs technologiques) dans le contexte particulier des pays émergents. Ce problème est important, car les aides publiques destinées aux entreprises innovantes au Brésil ont non seulement augmenté sensiblement, mais ont également été ventilées au moyen de nouveaux outils de politique publique ; néanmoins, on ne connaît guère les résultats de cette politique. Le pays doit liquider le modèle de substitution aux importations et d’exportation de produits de base (on parle aujourd’hui de substitution aux exportations) hérité du passé. Pour ce faire, il importe de s’employer à mettre au point de nouveaux programmes d’aides et des politiques industrielles et technologiques afin de favoriser la création de connaissances et la capacité d’innovation. L’hypothèse que nous essaierons de démontrer et qui justifie ce chapitre est la suivante : les aides publiques influent favorablement sur la dynamique des entreprises innovantes localisées dans une structure mixte (universitaire et industrielle), ce qui se traduit par : a) plus d’opportunités d’innovations ; b) la création d’emplois plus qualifiés ; c) une plus grande flexibilité stratégique et organisationnelle et d) une propension aux interactions avec d’autres acteurs productifs. Cette discussion donne lieu à des controverses scientifiques plus vastes, consistant notamment à s’interroger sur les conditions sociales et institutionnelles de l’essor d’un paradigme de développement fondé sur la connaissance et l’innovation, dans le contexte spécifique des pays émergents.Les données étudiées sont tirées d’un sondage réalisé entre 2009 et 2010 sur un échantillon d’entreprises (81 cas) situées dans des incubateurs et des parcs technologiques d’universités importantes des États du Rio Grande do Sul et de Santa Catarina, dans le sud du Brésil.