bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internationalization motives: sell more, buy better, upgrade and escape
Authors: Cuervo-Cazurra Alvaro , Narula Rajneesh , Un C. Annique 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this the paper is to review the motives for internationalization to clarify previous arguments and provide a theory-driven classification.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors build on behavioral economics and propose a classification of internationalization motives as the result of the interaction among two dimensions, an economics-driven exploitation of existing resources or exploration of new resources, and a psychology-driven search for better host country conditions or avoidance of poor home country conditions.

Findings
– These two dimensions result in four internationalization motives: sell more, in which the company exploits existing resources at home and obtains better host country conditions; buy better, in which the company exploits existing resources abroad and avoids poor home country conditions; upgrade, in which the company explores for new resources, and it obtains better host country conditions; and escape, in which the company explores for new resources and avoids poor home country conditions.

Originality/value
– This theory-driven classification provides predictive power for future analyses of internationalization motives.
Stable Asymptotics forM‐estimators
Authors: La Vecchia Davide 
Published: April 2015

SummaryWe review some first‐order and higher‐order asymptotic techniques forM‐estimators, and we study their stability in the presence of data contaminations. We show that the estimating function (ψ) and its derivative with respect to the parameterplay a central role. We discuss in detail the first‐order Gaussian density approximation, saddlepoint density approximation, saddlepoint test, tail area approximation via the Lugannani–Rice formula and empirical saddlepoint density approximation (a technique related to the empirical likelihood method). For all these asymptotics, we show that a boundedψ(in the Euclidean norm) and a bounded(e.g. in the Frobenius norm) yield stable inference in the presence of data contamination. We motivate and illustrate our findings by theoretical and numerical examples about the benchmark case of one‐dimensional location model.
Genomic best linear unbiased prediction method reflecting the degree of linkage disequilibrium
Authors: Nishio M. , Satoh M. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryThe degree of linkage disequilibrium (LD) between markers differs depending on the location of the genome; this difference biases genetic evaluation by genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP). To correct this bias, we used three GBLUP methods reflecting the degree of LD (GBLUP‐LD). In the three GBLUP‐LD methods, genomic relationship matrices were conducted from single nucleotide polymorphism markers weighted according to local LD levels. The predictive abilities of GBLUP‐LD were investigated by estimating variance components and assessing the accuracies of estimated breeding values using simulation data. When quantitative trait loci (QTL) were located at weak LD regions, the predictive abilities of the three GBLUP‐LD methods were superior to those of GBLUP and Bayesian lasso except when the number of QTL was small. In particular, the superiority of GBLUP‐LD increased with decreasing trait heritability. The rates of QTL at weak LD regions would increase when selection by GBLUP continues; this consequently decreases the predictive ability of GBLUP. Thus, the GBLUP‐LD could be applicable for populations selected by GBLUP for a long time. However, if QTL were located at strong LD regions, the accuracies of three GBLUP‐LD methods were lower than GBLUP and Bayesian lasso.
An experimental test of density‐dependent selection on temperament traits of activity, boldness and sociability
Authors: Le Galliard J.‐F. , Paquet M. , Mugabo M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTemperament traits are seen in many animal species, and recent evolutionary models predict that they could be maintained by heterogeneous selection. We tested this prediction by examining density‐dependent selection in juvenile common lizards Zootoca vivipara scored for activity, boldness and sociability at birth and at the age of 1 year. We measured three key life‐history traits (juvenile survival, body growth rate and reproduction) and quantified selection in experimental populations at five density levels ranging from low to high values. We observed consistent individual differences for all behaviours on the short term, but only for activity and one boldness measure across the first year of life. At low density, growth selection favoured more sociable lizards, whereas viability selection favoured less active individuals. A significant negative correlational selection on activity and boldness existed for body growth rate irrespective of density. Thus, behavioural traits were characterized by limited ontogenic consistency, and natural selection was heterogeneous between density treatments and fitness traits. This confirms that density‐dependent selection plays an important role in the maintenance of individual differences in exploration‐activity and sociability.
Light‐mediated DNA Repair Prevents UVB‐induced Cell Cycle Arrest in Embryos of the Crustacean Macrobrachium olfersi
Authors: Zeni Eliane Cristina , Ammar Dib , Leal Mayana Lacerda , da Silva Heloisa Schramm , Allodi Silvana , Müller Yara Maria Rauh , Nazari Evelise Maria 
Published: April 2015

AbstractHigh levels of ultraviolet‐B (UVB) radiation can negatively affect aquatic animals. Macrobrachium olfersi is a prawn that lives in clear freshwaters and during the breeding season, females carry eggs in an external brood pouch. Therefore, we hypothesize that eggs are also exposed to environmental UVB radiation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether UVB radiation induces DNA damage and compromises cell cycle in embryos of M. olfersi. In laboratory, UVB irradiance (310 mW. cm−2) that embryos receive in the natural environment was simulated. After irradiation, embryos were kept under different light conditions in order to recognize the presence of cell repair. UVB radiation induces DNA damage, specifically thymine dimers. After 48 h of UVB exposure, a significant decrease in the level of these dimers was observed in embryos kept under visible light while it remained constant in the dark. Moreover, under visible light and darkness, a decrease in proliferation was observed after 48 h of irradiation. An increase in PCNA expression and decrease in p53 expression were observed after, respectively, 1 and 48 h of exposure. Our results showed that UVB radiation disturbs the cell cycle and induces DNA damage in M. olfersi embryos. However, under visible light these embryos showed successful DNA repair.
Animal models for peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis
Authors: Schwarz Frank , Sculean Anton , Engebretson Steven P. , Becker Jürgen , Sager Martin 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe treatment of infectious diseases affecting osseointegrated implants in function has become a demanding issue in implant dentistry. Since the early 1990s, preclinical data from animal studies have provided important insights into the etiology, pathogenesis and therapy of peri‐implant diseases. Established lesions in animals have shown many features in common with those found in human biopsy material. The current review focuses on animal studies, employing different models to induce peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis.
Clinical approaches to treat peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis
Authors: Renvert Stefan , Polyzois Ioannis N. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTherapies proposed for the treatment of peri‐implant diseases are primarily based on the evidence available from treating periodontitis. The primary objective is elimination of the biofilm from the implant surface, and nonsurgical therapy is a commonly used treatment. A number of adjunctive therapies have been introduced to overcome accessibility problems or difficulties with decontamination of implant surfaces as a result of specific surface characteristics. It is now accepted that following successful decontamination, clinicians can attempt to regenerate the bone that was lost as a result of infection. The ultimate goal is re‐osseointegration, and a number of regenerative techniques have been introduced. By reviewing the existing evidence, it seems that peri‐implant mucositis is reversible when appropriately treated. Additionally, a combined therapy (mechanical therapy with local antimicrobials as adjuncts) can serve as an alternative to surgical intervention when treating peri‐implantits in cases not suitable for surgery. Surgical therapy is an effective method for treating peri‐implantitis, and various degrees of success of the use of regenerative procedures have been reported, regardless of whether or not radiographic evidence of defect fill has been achieved. Finally, no matter which therapy is employed, a prerequisite for the long‐term stability of treatment results obtained is the ability of the patient to maintain good oral hygiene.
Biomaterials for promoting periodontal regeneration in human intrabony defects: a systematic review
Authors: Sculean Anton , Nikolidakis Dimitris , Nikou George , Ivanovic Aleksandar , Chapple Iain L. C. , Stavropoulos Andreas 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIntrabony periodontal defects are a frequent complication of periodontitis and, if left untreated, may negatively affect long‐term tooth prognosis. The optimal outcome of treatment in intrabony defects is considered to be the absence of bleeding on probing, the presence of shallow pockets associated with periodontal regeneration (i.e. formation of new root cementum with functionally orientated inserting periodontal ligament fibers connected to new alveolar bone) and no soft‐tissue recession. A plethora of different surgical techniques, often including implantation of various types of bone graft and/or bone substitutes, root surface demineralization, guided tissue regeneration, growth and differentiation factors, enamel matrix proteins or various combinations thereof, have been employed to achieve periodontal regeneration. Despite positive observations in animal models and successful outcomes reported for many of the available regenerative techniques and materials in patients, including histologic reports, robust information on the degree to which reported clinical improvements reflect true periodontal regeneration does not exist. Thus, the aim of this review was to summarize, in a systematic manner, the available histologic evidence on the effect of reconstructive periodontal surgery using various types of biomaterials to enhance periodontal wound healing/regeneration in human intrabony defects. In addition, the inherent problems associated with performing human histologic studies and in interpreting the results, as well as certain ethical considerations, are discussed. The results of the present systematic review indicate that periodontal regeneration in human intrabony defects can be achieved to a variable extent using a range of methods and materials. Periodontal regeneration has been observed following the use of a variety of bone grafts and substitutes, guided tissue regeneration, biological factors and combinations thereof. Combination approaches appear to provide the best outcomes, whilst implantation of alloplastic material alone demonstrated limited, to no, periodontal regeneration.
Wound models for periodontal and bone regeneration: the role of biologic research
Authors: Sculean Anton , Chapple Iain L. C. , Giannobile William V. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe ultimate goals of periodontal therapy remain the complete regeneration of those periodontal tissues lost to the destructive inflammatory‐immune response, or to trauma, with tissues that possess the same structure and function, and the re‐establishment of a sustainable health‐promoting biofilm from one characterized by dysbiosis. This volume ofPeriodontology 2000discusses the multiple facets of a transition from therapeutic empiricism during the late 1960s, toward regenerative therapies, which is founded on a clearer understanding of the biophysiology of normal structure and function. This introductory article provides an overview on the requirements of appropriatein vitrolaboratory models (e.g. cell culture), of preclinical (i.e. animal) models and of human studies for periodontal wound and bone repair. Laboratory studies may provide valuable fundamental insights into basic mechanisms involved in wound repair and regeneration but also suffer from a unidimensional and simplistic approach that does not account for the complexities of thein vivosituation, in which multiple cell types and interactions all contribute to definitive outcomes. Therefore, such laboratory studies require validatory research, employing preclinical models specifically designed to demonstrate proof‐of‐concept efficacy, preliminary safety and adaptation to human disease scenarios. Small animal models provide the most economic and logistically feasible preliminary approaches but the outcomes do not necessarily translate to larger animal or human models. The advantages and limitations of all periodontal‐regeneration models need to be carefully considered when planning investigations to ensure that the optimal design is adopted to answer the specific research question posed. Future challenges lie in the areas of stem cell research, scaffold designs, cell delivery and choice of growth factors, along with research to ensure appropriate gingival coverage in order to prevent gingival recession during the healing phase.
Extending the gift of donation: blood donor public health studies
Authors: Burgdorf K. S. , Pedersen O. B. V. , Sørensen E. , Thørner L. W. , Hjalgrim H. , Erikstrup C. , Ullum H. 
Published: April 2015

Background and ObjectivesThe effect of blood donation on donor health has long been a neglected research area. Blood donors are generally willing to contribute to scientific studies, and data obtained from blood donors may thus serve as a source for general health research. The Danish Blood Donor Study (DBDS) intends to study the influence of blood donation on the health of blood donors and to serve as a national platform for collaborative health research.Materials and MethodsDBDS relies on an existing infrastructure for standardized data collection, handling and storage of plasma samples in the blood banks. In addition, we obtain an informed consent and collect a four‐page questionnaire data, data from public registries, and DNA on all participating donors.ResultsSince 2010, more than 86 000 Danish blood donors have been enrolled in DBDS (participation rate >95% of invited donors). Questionnaire data from the first 40 000 donors are available for research. DNA has been extracted, and ferritin and hsCRP have been measured among the first 20 000 donors. In addition, clinical endpoints are available through the Danish national health registries. A large variety of collaborative studies have been initiated, and the costs of DBDS are much lower than similar studies where the infrastructure needs to be invented for pure research purposes.ConclusionThe DBDS shows that it is feasible to establish a large prospective epidemiological research cohort within the blood bank system at a low cost. Blood donors are willing to provide information for health research, ensuring a high participation rate.
The three‐pillar matrix of patient blood management
Authors: Isbister J. P. 
Published: April 2015

‘Muse before you Transfuse’
For the majority of patients undergoing uncomplicated elective surgery, and in most cases of cancer chemotherapy, it should be possible to minimize or avoid blood transfusion by a standard of care that focuses on the management of a patient's own blood by optimizing and preserving haematopoietic reserves and tolerating deficiencies in reserves. Patient blood management is not an intervention or an alternative to allogeneic blood transfusion; it is sound evidence‐based clinical practice. Patient blood management improves clinical outcomes and as a corollary minimizes or avoids unnecessary allogeneic blood transfusions, reduces risks and helps contain health costs. The use of some autologous transfusion techniques, erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents and antifibrinolytic agents may be regarded as transfusion alternatives, but also bring with them potential hazards and costs that need balancing in the same manner as the decision to transfuse. Managing the triad of haematological risk factors for surgical patients, that is anaemia, haemorrhage and transfusion, is addressed by focusing on the three pillars of patient blood management. Maximizing total red cell mass, minimizing blood loss and tolerating of anaemia are of the essence. Most of the core principles of patient blood management come from a sound understanding of physiological and pathophysiological knowledge of haemopoiesis, haemostasis and oxygen transport and the causative mechanisms of the well‐understood hazards of blood transfusion. The concept of personalized medicine is best epitomized by Sir William Osler in his aphorism: ‘It is much more important to know what sort of a patient has a disease than what sort of a disease a patient has’.
The effect of precipitation and air temperature on land‐cover change in the Sahel
Authors: Cho Jaeil , Lee Yang‐Won , Lee Ho‐Sang 
Published: April 2015

AbstractVegetation changes in the Sahel region are strongly affected by variation in rainfall, but air temperature has been considered a relatively minor climatic factor in previous studies. However, soil moisture, the major water source for vegetation in arid and semiarid regions, is generally dependent on temperature‐controlled evaporation. Therefore, we can hypothesize that air temperature modifies the sensitivity of vegetation greenness to rainfall because water loss in soil is critically vulnerable to temperature, although Sahel plants can tolerate high temperatures. In this study, the annual mean of daily maximum air temperature was used as a constraint in analyzing the relationships between annual changes in the cumulative enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and total rainfall. We found that rainfall increase in hotter years could not well induce land greening, and decreased rainfall in cooler years did not necessarily cause vegetation degradation. This presents the importance of temperature as a climatic component in understanding the mechanism of rainfall‐induced land‐cover changes in the Sahel region.
A gênese da globalização da doença e a internacionalização do direito à saúde
Authors: Esquivel Carla Liliane Waldow , Friedrich Tatyana Scheila 
Published: April 2015

<p>A internacionalização da doença ocorre com o trânsito de pessoas e de bens através das fronteiras, devido sobretudo, entre outras circunstâncias, ao advento da globalização econômica. Em decorrência dessa internacionalização dos problemas sanitários, surge a necessidade da adoção de medidas de caráter transnacional para sua prevenção e contenção. Nesse ambiente, advêm as conferências sanitárias internacionais, importantes organismos internacionais e regionais e, principalmente, documentos normativos que servem como mera orientação aos governos locais ou como normas vinculantes. É nesse contexto que aparece e se consolida o direito à saúde como bem-estar integral dos indivíduos, competindo aos Estados sua concretização.</p>
O problema das figuras da tradução
Authors: Brzozowski Jerzy 
Published: April 2015

<p>Num artigo a ser lançado em breve - <em>O problema das estratégias da tradução</em> - o autor elaborou um modelo tripartite, cujo topo ocupam os “fatores das escolhas estratégicas”, conscientes e inconscientes. Como resultado da interferência desses fatores, obtemos combinações – sempre variáveis segundo as características do determinado texto – que podemos chamar, no caso da dominação de fatores conscientes, de “estratégias” e, no caso inverso, de “falta de pensamento estratégico”.</p><p>A presença mais ou menos acentuada do pensamento estratégico é capital para as definições a seguir, e nomeadamente a das figuras da tradução. O autor do presente artigo sustenta que a visada estratégica (ou a falta da mesma) ajuda-nos a distinguir as figuras da tradução e o que podemos chamar, meramente, de erros.</p><p>A idéia chave deste texto é, pois, que qualquer tipo de modificação (<em>shift</em>) da mensagem não deve ser considerado uma figura de tradução. O uso dessa noção, para o autor, é justificado somente nos casos em que somos capazes de definir a natureza e as conseqüências da modificação; ou seja, o seu valor funcional. Nesse ponto, o autor discute o quadro elaborado por Andrew Chesterman no seu <em>Memes of Translation,</em> e pretende, a partir disso, propor uma nova classificação, baseda no conceito Jakobsoniano das funções da linguagem.</p>
A importância dos estudos da Crítica Textual para a tradução literária: análise da tradução de dois poemas de Emily Dickinson
Authors: Souza Mariana Ribeiro de 
Published: April 2015

Este artigo trata da análise do ensaio “Questões de dicção e criação poética na tradução de Emily Dickinson” do tradutor, poeta e escritor José Lira, à luz dos estudos de Crítica Textual. É uma tentativa de pensar o quanto o conhecimento dos conceitos da moderna Crítica Textual pode ajudar o tradutor literário em seu processo tradutório. Esta reflexão remete ao cerne da discussão tanto nos estudos da Crítica Textual quanto nos Estudos da Tradução de literatura: a questão da interpretação da obra literária. José Lira, no seu ensaio sobre a tradução de poemas de Emily Dickinson, aponta o quanto ele procura a artista para fazer suas escolhas tradutórias “definitivas”. E é na busca desse processo criador da poeta que ele mesmo encontra o seu. O tradutor se utiliza dos estudos da Crítica Textual para achar a voz da escritora e a sua própria.
Use of HeartWare Ventricular Assist System for Systemic Ventricular Support of a Pediatric Patient After Mustard Procedure
Authors: Kenleigh Dorian , Edens R. Erik , Bates Michael J. , Turek Joseph W. 
Published: April 2015

Background: The HeartWare Ventricular Assist System is indicated to provide mechanical circulatory support of patients with intractable heart failure as a bridge to cardiac transplantation. We describe the use of this device to support the systemic right ventricle (RV) of a pediatric patient with New York Heart Association class IIIC congestive heart failure who had undergone Mustard procedure for D-transposition of the great vessels as an infant. Case report: A HeartWare ventricular assist device was implanted in the left chest of a 16-year-old female patient (body surface area 1.43 m2) who presented with edema and later deteriorated, developing acute kidney injury, dysrhythmia, and pulmonary edema. Results: The patient’s edema and acute kidney injury resolved after device placement. She was discharged home and successfully underwent device removal with heart transplant five months later. Conclusion: The HeartWare device may be used for extended support as a systemic RV in a pediatric patient. It is feasible to consider using the device in this patient population.