bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspectives and Conclusions from This Study
Authors: Tausch Arno 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis chapter further evaluates our findings and presents materials on homonegativity and tolerance, and social gender norms in multicultural Western democracies. The chapter then considers policy measures to strengthen the rights of the LGBTQ+ communities, and suggests that on the positive side policy interventions on the following will lead to more tolerant gender norms, and support for democracy: gender empowerment and closing the gender gap, labour force participation of migrants, rule of law, corruption avoidance, world class universities, social security spending, public education expenditure on the negative side, we found that structures of civil and political liberty violations, the carbon dependent economy and support for Putinism all are not conducive to a climate of tolerant gender norms and support for democracy.
Establishing a Human Rights-Based Approach to Climate Change-Induced Internal Displacement in the Regime of Bangladesh: Challenges and Way Forward
Authors: Khan Md. Abdul Awal 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe rise of global temperature and climate change creates multiple adverse impacts on the life and livelihood of human beings, as well as on the environment and non-human biodiversity. One of the significant effects of climate change is that the sea level will rise and submerge substantial parts of low-lying countries, which is one of the significant reasons for being displaced internally. Bangladesh’s marginalised and displaced population is perhaps one of the worst victims of climate change. Despite the given fact, establishing a legal relationship between climate change and human rights law remains one of the daunting tasks of policymakers. There is numerous research on Disaster Risk Reduction and disaster management adaptation in Bangladesh to identify normative gaps for protecting internal climate-displaced people in Bangladesh. Despite significant developments in law and policy measures, the normative gaps and lack of protection mechanisms and durable solutions to address climate change-induced internal displacement still exist significantly in Bangladesh. This paper primarily revisits the current policy framework to understand the challenges of applying a human rights-based approach in national law and policy framework in Bangladesh. Secondly, the chapter identifies the shortcomings and barriers of prevention and preparedness mechanisms for displacement and recommends durable solutions that are most needed to protect climate change-induced displaced populations.
Audiologisches Ergebnis bimodal versorgter CI-Träger:innen im zeitlichen Verlauf und in Abhängigkeit unterschiedlicher Einflussfaktoren
Authors: Schlegel Hanna , Hartmann S. , Kreikemeier S. , Dalhoff E. , Löwenheim H. , Tropitzsch A. 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Hörgeschädigte Menschen mit asymmetrischem Hörverlust und einseitiger Indikation für ein Cochleaimplantat (CI) profitieren in aller Regel deutlich von einer bimodalen Hörversorgung. Der Einfluss dieser Versorgungsart auf das Sprachverstehen (SV) im zeitlichen Verlauf ist bislang nicht hinreichend untersucht. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Einfluss einer bimodalen Versorgung auf das SV postlingual ertaubter, bimodal versorgter CI-Träger:innen nach einer Tragedauer von mindestens 36 Monaten und analysiert dabei mögliche Einflussfaktoren.

Methode
Es wurden 54 bimodal versorgte lautsprachkompetente CI-Träger:innen mit einer CI-Erfahrung von mindestens 36 Monaten in diese retrospektive Längsschnittstudie eingeschlossen. Audiometrische Daten von diesen CI-Träger:innen wurden im zeitlichen Verlauf verglichen.

Ergebnisse
Die Veränderung der Ergebnisse im Freiburger Einsilbertest (FBE) im Verlauf der 36 Monate war für die Ertaubungsgruppe < 10 Jahre sowohl für den Pegel 65 dB „sound pressure level“ (SPL) als auch für 80 dB SPL signifikant und für die Ertaubungsgruppe ≥ 10 Jahre für 65 dB SPL signifikant (p < 5 %). Beim Oldenburger Satztest (OlSa) ergab sich für die Konfigurationen S0, S0N0 und S0NCI eine hochsignifikante Veränderung (p < 0,1 %). und für S0NHG (HG: Hörgerät) eine sehr signifikante Veränderung (p < 1 %). Das Alter bei Versorgung als möglicher Einflussfaktor konnte durch den FBE nicht bestätigt werden. Die Ertaubungsdauer stellte dagegen einen negativen Einflussfaktor für das SV mit dem CI dar, wobei eine längere Ertaubungsdauer mit schlechteren Ergebnissen beim FBE assoziiert ist. Der Grad der Schwerhörigkeit des mit HG versorgten Ohrs beeinflusste das SV nicht. Im Median betrug der bimodale Nutzen (Differenz aus dem SV mit bimodaler Versorgung gegenüber einseitiger HG-Versorgung beim FBE für 65 dB SPL) über die gesamte Untersuchungszeit 10 %. Für im Median 79 % der Versuchspersonen war der bimodale Nutzen über den gesamten Zeitverlauf von 36 Monaten nachweisbar.

Schlussfolgerung
Im zeitlichen Verlauf verbessert sich das SV mit dem CI der bimodalen Versuchspersonen signifikant. Die untersuchten Einflussfaktoren (Alter, Ertaubungsdauer und Grad der Schwerhörigkeit des Gegenohrs) unterstützen die leitliniengerechte Indikationsstellung einer bimodalen Versorgung in Deutschland – unabhängig von Alter, Ertaubungsdauer und Hörfähigkeit des Gegenohrs – eine Cochleaimplantation durchzuführen.
Operative Zugangswege und Implantatwahl im Bereich des Klavikulaschafts
Authors: Lecoultre Yannic , van de Wall Bryan J. M. , Beeres Frank J. P. , Babst Reto 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Klavikulafrakturen gehören zu den häufigsten Verletzungen des Schultergürtels. Nichtdislozierte Frakturen werden i. Allg. konservativ behandelt, während dislozierte Frakturen eine chirurgische Versorgung erfordern. Hierfür stehen verschiedene Implantate und Operationstechniken mit zuverlässigen Ergebnissen zur Verfügung. Hauptnachteil sind die häufigen Materialirritationen mit entsprechend hohen Zweiteingriffsraten zur Materialentfernung.

Ziel der Arbeit
Es werden die verschiedenen Operationstechniken für Klavikulaschaftfrakturen mit ihren spezifischen Anwendungsgebieten sowie Vor- und Nachteilen vorgestellt. Diese Übersicht bietet eine Entscheidungshilfe, welche Operationstechnik aufgrund der jeweiligen morphologischen Frakturmerkmale am besten geeignet ist. Darüber hinaus wird ein Überblick über die aktuellen Forschungsaktivitäten gegeben. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt liegt auf neuen Implantaten, die dazu beitragen könnten, Implantatirritationen zu verringern.

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerungen
Die offene superiore und die anteroinferiore Plattenosteosynthese zeigen jeweils ähnliche zuverlässige Ergebnisse. Die Technik der minimalinvasiven Plattenosteosynthese (MIPO) bietet eine Alternative für multifragmentäre Frakturen; hier weist sie im Vergleich zum offenen Verfahren eine geringere Komplikationsrate auf. Die Doppelplattenosteosynthese mit Minifragmentplatten erzielt vielversprechende Ergebnisse in Bezug auf die implantatbedingten Irritationen. Größere prospektive Studien stehen noch aus. Die Marknagelung ist eine gute Alternative, v. a., wenn ohnehin eine Materialentfernung geplant ist, z. B. im pädiatrischen Setting.
Area-level factors associated with variation in involuntary psychiatric hospitalisation across England: a cross-sectional, ecological study
Authors: Minchin Matilda , Christiansen Colette , Maconick Lucy , Johnson Sonia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Involuntary hospitalisations for mental health care are rising in many high income countries, including England. Looking at variation between areas can help us understand why rates are rising and how this might be reversed. This cross-sectional, ecological study aimed to better understand variation in involuntary hospitalisations across England.

Method
The unit of analysis was Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs), NHS bodies responsible for delivering healthcare to local areas in England. 205 CCGs were included in the analysis. Demographic, clinical, and socioeconomic variables at CCG-level were extracted from national, open access data bases. The outcome variable was the rate of involuntary hospitalisation for psychiatric care under the 1983 Mental Health Act in 2021/22.

Results
There was a four-fold difference between the CCGs with the highest and lowest involuntary hospitalisations. In an adjusted analysis, CCGs with a higher percentage of severe mental illness in the population, higher percentage of male population, and higher community and outpatient mental health care use showed a higher rate of involuntary hospitalisation. Depression, urbanicity, deprivation, ethnicity, and age were not strongly associated with involuntary hospitalisation after adjustment. These variables explained 10.68% of the variation in involuntary hospitalisations across CCGs.

Conclusion
Some demographic and clinical variables explained variation in involuntary hospitalisation between areas in England, however, most of the variance was unexplained. Complex relationships between urbanicity, deprivation, age, and ethnicity need to be further explored. The role of other influences, such as variation in service organisation or clinical practice, also need to be better understood.
What do we know about dietary perceptions and beliefs of patients with rheumatoid arthritis? A scoping review
Authors: Termine Mario , Davidson Zoe , Choi Tammie , Leech Michelle 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis is a debilitating inflammatory condition which has a high disease burden. While there is emerging evidence that certain foods and diets could have anti-inflammatory properties and there are published ‘anti-inflammatory’ diets, there is very little understanding of patient beliefs and perceptions about the impact of diet on symptom management or attitudes to particular dietary interventions. This scoping review aims to summarize the existing literature around the beliefs that patients with rheumatoid arthritis hold regarding the impact of diet on disease activity and joint pain. It also examines the current state of evidence regarding the impact of specific dietary interventions on patient reported and objective parameters of RA disease activity. A search was conducted across seven databases for studies which included reporting on dietary beliefs related to disease management or investigations on the effect of particular diets on disease activity or joint pain. Articles were excluded if they examined extracted compounds or individual dietary supplements. Included studies were synthesized narratively. We retrieved 25,585 papers from which 68 were included in this review: 7 assessed dietary beliefs, 61 explored dietary interventions. The available literature on patient beliefs has been largely limited to quantitative studies with limited qualitative exploration. The Mediterranean, fasting and vegan diets appear to have the most benefit with regards to rheumatoid arthritis outcomes for patients. Research which examines RA patient’s beliefs and attitudes about the impact of diet on their RA symptoms and disease is currently lacking.
The mouse metabolic phenotyping center (MMPC) live consortium: an NIH resource for in vivo characterization of mouse models of diabetes and obesity
Authors: Laughlin Maren , McIndoe Richard , Adams Sean H. , Araiza Renee , Ayala Julio E. , Kennedy Lucy , Lanoue Louise , Lantier Louise , Macy James , Malabanan Eann , McGuinness Owen P. , Perry Rachel , Port Daniel , Qi Nathan , Elias Carol F. , Shulman Gerald I. , Wasserman David H. , Lloyd K. C. Kent 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center (MMPC)Live Program was established in 2023 by the National Institute for Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to advance biomedical research by providing the scientific community with standardized, high quality phenotyping services for mouse models of diabetes and obesity. Emerging as the next iteration of the MMPC Program which served the biomedical research community for 20 years (2001–2021), MMPCLive is designed as an outwardly-facing consortium of service cores that collaborate to provide reduced-cost consultation and metabolic, physiologic, and behavioral phenotyping tests on live mice for U.S. biomedical researchers. Four MMPCLive Centers located at universities around the country perform complex and often unique procedures in vivo on a fee for service basis, typically on mice shipped from the client or directly from a repository or vendor. Current areas of expertise include energy balance and body composition, insulin action and secretion, whole body carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, cardiovascular and renal function, food intake and behavior, microbiome and xenometabolism, and metabolic pathway kinetics. Additionally, an opportunity arose to reduce barriers to access and expand the diversity of the biomedical research workforce by establishing the VIBRANT Program. Directed at researchers historically underrepresented in the biomedical sciences, VIBRANT-eligible investigators have access to testing services, travel and career development awards, expert advice and experimental design consultation, and short internships to learn test technologies. Data derived from experiments run by the Centers belongs to the researchers submitting mice for testing which can be made publicly available and accessible from the MMPCLive database following publication. In addition to services, MMPCLive staff provide expertise and advice to researchers, develop and refine test protocols, engage in outreach activities, publish scientific and technical papers, and conduct educational workshops and training sessions to aid researchers in unraveling the heterogeneity of diabetes and obesity.
Application of electronic nose technology in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases: a review
Authors: Ma Tan-tan , Chang Zhiyong , Zhang Nan , Xu Hong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractElectronic noses (eNoses) are electronic bionic olfactory systems that use sensor arrays to produce response patterns to different odors, thereby enabling the identification of various scents. Gastrointestinal diseases have a high incidence rate and occur in 9 out of 10 people in China. Gastrointestinal diseases are characterized by a long course of symptoms and are associated with treatment difficulties and recurrence. This review offers a comprehensive overview of volatile organic compounds, with a specific emphasis on those detected via the eNose system. Furthermore, this review describes the application of bionic eNose technology in the diagnosis and screening of gastrointestinal diseases based on recent local and international research progress and advancements. Moreover, the prospects of bionic eNose technology in the field of gastrointestinal disease diagnostics are discussed.
pHoenix score: development and validation of a novel approach to decrease the number of inconclusive GERD diagnoses
Authors: Latorre-Rodríguez Andrés R. , Mittal Sumeet K. , Simmonds Hailey , Kim Peter , Bremner Ross M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The Johnson–DeMeester composite score (DMS) is the historical gold standard for diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The Lyon Consensus outlines criteria for diagnosing GERD by pH monitoring, defining normal acid exposure time (AET) as < 4% and pathological as > 6%, presenting diagnostic uncertainty from 4 to 6%. We aimed to (i) calculate the proportion of borderline studies defined by total AET alone that are reclassified as normal or pathological by the DMS, (ii) determine the importance of supine AET for reclassification, and (iii) propose a new classification system using a composite score that considers positional changes.

Methods
This single-center, retrospective, observational study analyzed data from patients with an overall total AET from 2 to 6% on 48-h pH monitoring (Bravo pH capsule). Preselected predictors (supine and upright AET) were included in a model to create a composite score (i.e., pHoenix score) using the regression coefficients. The model was internally validated, and discriminative ability was tested against the DMS and compared to the total AET.

Results
We identified 114 patients (80 [70.2%] women; median age, 55 years). Using the total AET, 26 (22.8%) were classified as normal and 88 (77.2%) as borderline; however, using the DMS, 45 (39.5%) were classified as normal and 69 (60.5%) as pathological. The new pHoenix score demonstrated strong discriminative ability (AUC: 0.957 [95% CI 0.917, 0.998]) with high sensitivity and specificity (lower threshold, 94.4% and 79.2%; upper threshold, 87 and 95.8%). Compared to the total AET alone, the pHoenix score significantly decreased the proportion of inconclusive cases (77.2% vs. 13.2%, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Total AET has low sensitivity to identify pathological reflux as it disregards supine versus upright reflux. The pHoenix score improves the distinction between normal and pathological cases and reduces ambiguity, offering an alternative approach to diagnosing GERD that addresses the limitations of using total AET alone or the DMS.

Graphical abstract
Speeding up static analysis with the split operator
Authors: Arceri Vincenzo , Dolcetti Greta , Zaffanella Enea 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the context of abstract interpretation-based static analysis, we propose a new abstract operator modeling the split of control flow paths: the goal of the operator is to enable a more efficient analysis when using abstract domains that are computationally expensive, having no negative effect on precision, and occasionally resulting in a more precise analysis. We focus on the case of conditional branches guarded by numeric linear constraints, including implicit numerical branches. We provide an experimental evaluation of real-world test cases, showing that by using the split operator we can achieve significant efficiency improvements with respect to the classical approach for a static analysis based on the domain of convex polyhedra. We also briefly discuss the applicability of this new operator to different, possibly non-numeric abstract domains.
Amino acid metabolism in glioma: in vivo MR-spectroscopic detection of alanine as a potential biomarker of poor survival in glioma patients
Authors: Alcicek Seyma , Pilatus Ulrich , Manzhurtsev Andrei , Weber Katharina J. , Ronellenfitsch Michael W. , Steinbach Joachim P. , Hattingen Elke , Wenger Katharina J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Reprogramming of amino acid metabolism is relevant for initiating and fueling tumor formation and growth. Therefore, there has been growing interest in anticancer therapies targeting amino acid metabolism. While developing personalized therapeutic approaches to glioma, in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a valuable tool for non-invasive monitoring of tumor metabolism. Here, we evaluated MRS-detected brain amino acids and myo-inositol as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in glioma.

Method
We measured alanine, glycine, glutamate, glutamine, and myo-inositol in 38 patients with MRI-suspected glioma using short and long echo-time single-voxel PRESS MRS sequences. The detectability of alanine, glycine, and myo-inositol and the (glutamate + glutamine)/total creatine ratio were evaluated against the patients’ IDH mutation status, CNS WHO grade, and overall survival.

Results
While the detection of alanine and non-detection of myo-inositol significantly correlated with IDH wildtype (p = 0.0008, p = 0.007, respectively) and WHO grade 4 (p = 0.01, p = 0.04, respectively), glycine detection was not significantly associated with either. The ratio of (glutamate + glutamine)/total creatine was significantly higher in WHO grade 4 than in 2 and 3. We found that the overall survival was significantly shorter in glioma patients with alanine detection (p = 0.00002).

Conclusion
Focusing on amino acids in MRS can improve its diagnostic and prognostic value in glioma. Alanine, which is visible at long TE even in the presence of lipids, could be a relevant indicator for overall survival.
Participatie, het verschil tussen een methode en een kritisch paradigma
Authors: Dedding Christine , Aussems Karijn 
Published: August 2024

SamenvattingBeleidsmakers en fondsen verwachten in toenemende mate dat burgers actief betrokken worden bij onderzoek, beleidsontwikkeling en interventieontwikkeling. Deze groeiende populariteit vereist dat we scherp blijven op de conceptualisering van participatie: bedoelen en beogen we (nog) hetzelfde met participatie? Aan de hand van literatuur en vele jaren praktijkervaring laten we zien dat de betekenis van participatie in de loop der jaren verschoven is van een kritisch paradigma, waarin empowerment en het kritisch bevragen van de macht centraal staan, naar een zoektocht naar methoden om kwetsbare mensen een stem te geven binnen bestaande structuren. In dit artikel beargumenteren we waarom het belangrijk is om te herverbinden met het oorspronkelijke kritische paradigma.
Impact assessment of Zeolite, Ca-bentonite and Biochar amendments on Cd bioavailability and fractions in polluted calcareous soils
Authors: Rahimi Meisam , Bertalan-Balázs Boglárka , Adelinia Ali , Ebrahimi Eisa , Ojani Mohammadreza 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe refining of polluted soils by heavy elements is one of the most important environmental policies in industrialized and developing countries. Using adsorbents is a suitable procedure for the immobilization of heavy metals in polluted soils. This study aimed to assess the immobilization of Cadmium (Cd) in polluted calcareous soil affected by the application of organic and inorganic amendments including Biochar (from grape pruning residues) and natural Zeolite and their interaction under wheat cultivation. The treatments used in this study were two amendments of Zeolite and Biochar (from grape pruning wastes) at three levels (0, 1, and 4%) and three levels of Cd contamination (0, 75, and 150 mg/kg soil). A 16-week incubation period was considered for the homogenization of the amendments in soil and wheat was grown according to the standards procedure. At the end of incubation, different fractions of Cd including residual, exchangeable, bonded to organic matter, bonded to carbonate and bonded to iron and manganese. Also available Cd by DTPA and EDTA methods and 1000-grain weight of wheat were measured. The results showed that the highest amount of Cd bound to organic matter was obtained in 4% Biochar treatment to 15 mg/kg. The highest and lowest amounts of Cd extracted with DTPA were obtained in the control one (92 mg/kg) and the level of 4% Biochar (67 mg/kg), respectively. The results showed that increasing the amount of Biochar and Zeolite amendments increased the weight of 1000 grains of wheat in all treatments. According to the results of the study, the use of Biochar and Zeolite reduced the amount of Cd extracted by DTPA ( 82.436 mg/kg) and EDTA (115.605 mg/kg). Finally, the results showed that the use of Biochar and Zeolite has reduced active Cd and its mobility in the soil due to increasing organic and carbonate fractions. Combining biochar and zeolite in soil remediation efforts can enhance their effectiveness in reducing the concentration and mobility of active Cd. The biochar provides a stable carbon matrix for long-term immobilization of Cd, while the zeolite offers additional adsorption capacity and ion-exchange capabilities. This synergistic effect can lead to improved soil quality and reduced environmental risks associated with Cd contamination.