bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal inheritance of functional centrioles in two parthenogenetic nematodes
Authors: Perrier Aurélien , Guiglielmoni Nadège , Naquin Delphine , Gorrichon Kevin , Thermes Claude , Lameiras Sonia , Dammermann Alexander , Schiffer Philipp H. , Brunstein Maia , Canman Julie C. , Dumont Julien 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCentrioles are the core constituent of centrosomes, microtubule-organizing centers involved in directing mitotic spindle assembly and chromosome segregation in animal cells. In sexually reproducing species, centrioles degenerate during oogenesis and female meiosis is usually acentrosomal. Centrioles are retained during male meiosis and, in most species, are reintroduced with the sperm during fertilization, restoring centriole numbers in embryos. In contrast, the presence, origin, and function of centrioles in parthenogenetic species is unknown. We found that centrioles are maternally inherited in two species of asexual parthenogenetic nematodes and identified two different strategies for maternal inheritance evolved in the two species. In Rhabditophanes diutinus, centrioles organize the poles of the meiotic spindle and are inherited by both the polar body and embryo. In Disploscapter pachys, the two pairs of centrioles remain close together and are inherited by the embryo only. Our results suggest that maternally-inherited centrioles organize the embryonic spindle poles and act as a symmetry-breaking cue to induce embryo polarization. Thus, in these parthenogenetic nematodes, centrioles are maternally-inherited and functionally replace their sperm-inherited counterparts in sexually reproducing species.
Power supply disruptions deter electric vehicle adoption in cities in China
Authors: Qiu Yueming , Deng Nana , Wang Bo , Shen Xingchi , Wang Zhaohua , Hultman Nathan , Shi Han , Liu Jie , Wang Yi David 
Published: July 2024

AbstractElectrification plays a crucial role in deep decarbonization. However, electrification and power infrastructure can cause mutual challenges. We use nationwide power outage and electric vehicle adoption data in China to provide empirical evidence on how power infrastructure failures can deter electrification. We find that when the number of power outages per district increases by 1 in a given month, the number of new electric vehicles adopted per month decreases by 0.99%. A doubling of power outages in one year on average across the nation can create a depressed adoption rate for up to a decade, implying a decline of more than $ 31.3 million per year in carbon reduction benefits from electric vehicle adoptions. This paper adds to the policy discussion of the costs of increased power outages due to extreme weather and natural disasters, and the urgency for policy to address this issue to facilitate wide adoption of electrification.
In situ evidence of the magnetospheric cusp of Jupiter from Juno spacecraft measurements
Authors: Xu Y. , Arridge C. S. , Yao Z. H. , Zhang B. , Ray L. C. , Badman S. V. , Dunn W. R. , Ebert R. W. , Chen J. J. , Allegrini F. , Kurth W. S. , Qin T. S. , Connerney J. E. P. , McComas D. J. , Bolton S. J. , Wei Y. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe magnetospheric cusp connects the planetary magnetic field to interplanetary space, offering opportunities for charged particles to precipitate to or escape from the planet. Terrestrial cusps are typically found near noon local time, but the characteristics of the Jovian cusp are unknown. Here we show direct evidence of Jovian cusps using datasets from multiple instruments onboard Juno spacecraft. We find that the cusps of Jupiter are in the dusk sector, which is contradicting Earth-based predictions of a near-noon location. Nevertheless, the characteristics of charged particles in the Jovian cusps resemble terrestrial and Saturnian cusps, implying similar cusp microphysics exist across different planets. These results demonstrate that while the basic physical processes may operate similarly to those at Earth, Jupiter’s rapid rotation and its location in the heliosphere can dramatically change the configuration of the cusp. This work provides useful insights into the fundamental consequences of star-planet interactions, highlighting how planetary environments and rotational dynamics influence magnetospheric structures.
Necroptosis enhances ‘don’t eat me’ signal and induces macrophage extracellular traps to promote pancreatic cancer liver metastasis
Authors: Liao Cheng-Yu , Li Ge , Kang Feng-Ping , Lin Cai-Feng , Xie Cheng-Ke , Wu Yong-Ding , Hu Jian-Fei , Lin Hong-Yi , Zhu Shun-Cang , Huang Xiao-Xiao , Lai Jian-Lin , Chen Li-Qun , Huang Yi , Li Qiao-Wei , Huang Long , Wang Zu-Wei , Tian Yi-Feng , Chen Shi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating cancer with dismal prognosis due to distant metastasis, even in the early stage. Using RNA sequencing and multiplex immunofluorescence, here we find elevated expression of mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudo-kinase (MLKL) and enhanced necroptosis pathway in PDAC from early liver metastasis T-stage (T1M1) patients comparing with non-metastatic (T1M0) patients. Mechanistically, MLKL-driven necroptosis recruits macrophages, enhances the tumor CD47 ‘don’t eat me’ signal, and induces macrophage extracellular traps (MET) formation for CXCL8 activation. CXCL8 further initiates epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and upregulates ICAM-1 expression to promote endothelial adhesion. METs also degrades extracellular matrix, that eventually supports PDAC liver metastasis. Meanwhile, targeting necroptosis and CD47 reduces liver metastasis in vivo. Our study thus reveals that necroptosis facilitates PDAC metastasis by evading immune surveillance, and also suggest that CD47 blockade, combined with MLKL inhibitor GW806742X, may be a promising neoadjuvant immunotherapy for overcoming the T1M1 dilemma and reviving the opportunity for radical surgery.
A synthetic antibiotic class with a deeply-optimized design for overcoming bacterial resistance
Authors: Feng Jin , Zheng Youle , Ma Wanqing , Weng Defeng , Peng Dapeng , Xu Yindi , Wang Zhifang , Wang Xu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe lack of new drugs that are effective against antibiotic-resistant bacteria has caused increasing concern in global public health. Based on this study, we report development of a modified antimicrobial drug through structure-based drug design (SBDD) and modular synthesis. The optimal modified compound, F8, was identified, which demonstrated in vitro and in vivo broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against drug-resistant bacteria and effectively mitigated the development of resistance. F8 exhibits significant bactericidal activity against bacteria resistant to antibiotics such as methicillin, polymyxin B, florfenicol (FLO), doxycycline, ampicillin and sulfamethoxazole. In a mouse model of drug-resistant bacteremia, F8 was found to increase survival and significantly reduce bacterial load in infected mice. Multi-omics analysis (transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) have indicated that ornithine carbamoyl transferase (arcB) is a antimicrobial target of F8. Further molecular docking, Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC), and Differential Scanning Fluorimetry (DSF) studies verified arcB as a effective target for F8. Finally, mechanistic studies suggest that F8 competitively binds to arcB, disrupting the bacterial cell membrane and inducing a certain degree of oxidative damage. Here, we report F8 as a promising candidate drug for the development of antibiotic formulations to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria-associated infections.
Closed magnetic topology in the Venusian magnetotail and ion escape at Venus
Authors: Xu Shaosui , Mitchell David L. , Whittlesey Phyllis , Rahmati Ali , Livi Roberto , Larson Davin , Luhmann Janet G. , Halekas Jasper S. , Hara Takuya , McFadden James P. , Pulupa Marc , Bale Stuart D. , Curry Shannon M. , Persson Moa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractVenus, lacking an intrinsic global dipole magnetic field, serves as a textbook example of an induced magnetosphere, formed by interplanetary magnetic fields (IMF) enveloping the planet. Yet, various aspects of its magnetospheric dynamics and planetary ion outflows are complex and not well understood. Here we analyze plasma and magnetic field data acquired during the fourth Venus flyby of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission and show evidence for closed topology in the nightside and downstream portion of the Venus magnetosphere (i.e., the magnetotail). The formation of the closed topology involves magnetic reconnection—a process rarely observed at non-magnetized planets. In addition, our study provides an evidence linking the cold Venusian ion flow in the magnetotail directly to magnetic connectivity to the ionosphere, akin to observations at Mars. These findings not only help the understanding of the complex ion flow patterns at Venus but also suggest that magnetic topology is one piece of key information for resolving ion escape mechanisms and thus the atmospheric evolution across various planetary environments and exoplanets.
Large-area magnetic skin for multi-point and multi-scale tactile sensing with super-resolution
Authors: Hu Hao , Zhang Chengqian , Lai Xinyi , Dai Huangzhe , Pan Chengfeng , Sun Haonan , Tang Daofan , Hu Zhezai , Fu Jianzhong , Li Tiefeng , Zhao Peng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe advancements in tactile sensor technology have found wide-ranging applications in robotic fields, resulting in remarkable achievements in object manipulation and overall human-machine interactions. However, the widespread availability of high-resolution tactile skins remains limited, due to the challenges of incorporating large-sized, robust sensing units and increased wiring complexity. One approach to achieve high-resolution and robust tactile skins is to integrate a limited number of sensor units (taxels) into a flexible surface material and leverage signal processing techniques to achieve super-resolution sensing. Here, we present a magnetic skin consisting of multi-direction magnetized flexible films and a contactless Hall sensor array. The key features of the proposed sensor include the specific magnetization arrangement, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) clustering algorithm and convolutional neural network (CNN) model for signal processing. Using only an array of 4*4 taxels, our magnetic skin is capable of achieving super-resolution perception over an area of 48400 mm2, with an average localization error of 1.2 mm. By employing neural network algorithms to decouple the multi-dimensional signals, the skin can achieve multi-point and multi-scale perception. We also demonstrate the promising potentials of the proposed sensor in intelligent control, by simultaneously controlling two vehicles with trajectory mapping on the magnetic skin.
Single crystals of purely organic free-standing two-dimensional woven polymer networks
Authors: Xiao Ding , Jin Zhitong , Sheng Guan , Chen Liya , Xiao Xuedong , Shan Tianyu , Wang Jiao , Navik Rahul , Xu Jianping , Zhou Lin , Guo Qing-Hui , Li Guangfeng , Zhu Yihan , Stoddart J. Fraser , Huang Feihe 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe aesthetic and practicality of macroscopic fabrics continue to encourage chemists to weave molecules into interlaced patterns with the aim of providing emergent physical and chemical properties when compared with their starting materials. Weaving purely organic molecular threads into flawless two-dimensional patterns remains a formidable challenge, even though its feasibility has been proposed on several occasions. Herein we describe the synthesis of a flawless, purely organic, free-standing two-dimensional woven polymer network driven by dative B−N bonds. Single crystals of this woven polymer network were obtained and its well-defined woven topology was revealed by X-ray diffraction analysis. Free-standing two-dimensional monolayer nanosheets of the woven polymer network were exfoliated from the layered crystals using Scotch Magic Tape. The surface features of the nanosheets were investigated by integrated low-dose and cryogenic electron microscopy imaging techniques. These findings demonstrate the precise construction of purely organic woven polymer networks and highlight the unique opportunities for the application of woven topologies in two-dimensional organic materials.
Annual Impervious Surface Data from 2001–2020 for West African Countries: Ghana, Togo, Benin and Nigeria
Authors: Korah Andrews , Wimberly Michael C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractImpervious surface data are increasingly important for research and planning. Despite the availability of global and local urban land cover maps, regional data are lacking in Africa. We generated annual 30 m impervious cover data from 2001–2020 for Ghana, Togo, Benin, and Nigeria using the Landsat archive. We used random forest to predict impervious cover using 11 spectral indices and applied pixel-level temporal segmentation with the LandTrendr algorithm. Processing with LandTrendr improved the accuracy of the random forest predictions, with higher predicted-observed r2 (0.81), and lower mean error (−0.03), mean absolute error (5.73%), and root mean squared error (9.93%). We classified pixels >20% impervious as developed and < = 20% impervious as undeveloped. This classification had 93% overall accuracy and similar producer’s (79%) and user’s (80%) accuracies for developed area. Our maps had higher accuracy and captured more developed areas than comparable global datasets. This is the first regionally calibrated 30 m resolution impervious dataset in West Africa, which can support research on drivers and impacts of urban expansion and planning for future growth.
Genome assembly, Full-length transcriptome, and isoform diversity of Red Snapper, Lutjanus argentimaculatus
Authors: Shekhar Mudagandur S. , Katneni Vinaya Kumar , Jangam Ashok Kumar , Krishnan Karthic , Prabhudas Sudheesh K. , Jayaraman Roja , Angel Jesudhas Raymond Jani , Kailasam Muniyandi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe mangrove red snapper, Lutjanus argentimaculatus, is a marine food fish of economic and aquaculture importance. The application of genomic selection-based breeding programs for this species is limited by the absence of a reference genome and transcriptome profiles. The current study attempted to fill this void by generating genomic and transcriptomic resources for red snapper. Using PacBio long reads, and Arima Hi-C linked reads, a scaffold-level genome assembly was generated for L. argentimaculatus. The assembly is of 1.03 Gb comprising of 400 scaffolds with N50 of 33.8 Mb and was assessed to be 97.2% complete upon benchmarking with BUSCO. Full-length transcriptome generated with PacBio Iso-Sequencing strategy using six tissues (muscle, gills, liver, kidney, stomach, and gonad) contained 56,515 isoforms belonging to 18,108 unique genes with N50 length of 3,973 bp. The resources generated will have potential applications in the functional studies, conservation, broodstock management and selective breeding programmes of L. argentimaculatus.
Antifungal, antiaflatoxigenic, and cytotoxic properties of bioactive secondary metabolites derived from Bacillus species
Authors: Abdel-Nasser Aya , Badr Ahmed N. , Fathy Hayam M. , Ghareeb Mosad A. , Barakat Olfat S. , Hathout Amal S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAflatoxins (AFs) are hazardous carcinogens and mutagens produced by some molds, particularly Aspergillus spp. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to isolate and identify endophytic bacteria, extract and characterize their bioactive metabolites, and evaluate their antifungal, antiaflatoxigenic, and cytotoxic efficacy against brine shrimp (Artemia salina) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2). Among the 36 bacterial strains isolated, ten bacterial isolates showed high antifungal activity, and thus were identified using biochemical parameters and MALDI-TOF MS. Bioactive metabolites were extracted from two bacterial isolates, and studied for their antifungal activity. The bioactive metabolites (No. 4, and 5) extracted from Bacillus cereus DSM 31T DSM, exhibited strong antifungal capabilities, and generated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and polyphenols. The major VOCs were butanoic acid, 2-methyl, and 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z) in extracts No. 4, and 5 respectively. Cinnamic acid and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid were the most abundant phenolic acids in extracts No. 4, and 5 respectively. These bioactive metabolites had antifungal efficiency against A. flavus and caused morphological alterations in fungal conidiophores and conidiospores. Data also indicated that both extracts No. 4, and 5 reduced AFB1 production by 99.98%. On assessing the toxicity of bioactive metabolites on A. salina the IC50 recorded 275 and 300 µg/mL, for extracts No. 4, and 5 respectively. Meanwhile, the effect of these extracts on HepG2 revealed that the IC50 of extract No. 5 recorded 79.4 µg/mL, whereas No. 4 showed no cytotoxic activity. It could be concluded that bioactive metabolites derived from Bacillus species showed antifungal and anti-aflatoxigenic activities, indicating their potential use in food safety.
Structural and sequential regularities modulate phrase-rate neural tracking
Authors: Zhao Junyuan , Martin Andrea E. , Coopmans Cas W. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractElectrophysiological brain activity has been shown to synchronize with the quasi-regular repetition of grammatical phrases in connected speech—so-called phrase-rate neural tracking. Current debate centers around whether this phenomenon is best explained in terms of the syntactic properties of phrases or in terms of syntax-external information, such as the sequential repetition of parts of speech. As these two factors were confounded in previous studies, much of the literature is compatible with both accounts. Here, we used electroencephalography (EEG) to determine if and when the brain is sensitive to both types of information. Twenty native speakers of Mandarin Chinese listened to isochronously presented streams of monosyllabic words, which contained either grammatical two-word phrases (e.g., catch fish, sell house) or non-grammatical word combinations (e.g., full lend, bread far). Within the grammatical conditions, we varied two structural factors: the position of the head of each phrase and the type of attachment. Within the non-grammatical conditions, we varied the consistency with which parts of speech were repeated. Tracking was quantified through evoked power and inter-trial phase coherence, both derived from the frequency-domain representation of EEG responses. As expected, neural tracking at the phrase rate was stronger in grammatical sequences than in non-grammatical sequences without syntactic structure. Moreover, it was modulated by both attachment type and head position, revealing the structure-sensitivity of phrase-rate tracking. We additionally found that the brain tracks the repetition of parts of speech in non-grammatical sequences. These data provide an integrative perspective on the current debate about neural tracking effects, revealing that the brain utilizes regularities computed over multiple levels of linguistic representation in guiding rhythmic computation.
The Ty1 retrotransposon harbors a DNA region that performs dual functions as both a gene silencing and chromatin insulator
Authors: Masumoto Hiroshi , Muto Hideki , Yano Koichi , Kurosaki Yohei , Niki Hironori 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn various eukaryotic kingdoms, long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons repress transcription by infiltrating heterochromatin generated within their elements. In contrast, the budding yeast LTR retrotransposon Ty1 does not itself undergo transcriptional repression, although it is capable of repressing the transcription of the inserted genes within it. In this study, we identified a DNA region within Ty1 that exerts its silencing effect via sequence orientation. We identified a DNA region within the Ty1 group-specific antigen (GAG) gene that causes gene silencing, termed GAG silencing (GAGsi), in which the silent chromatin in the GAGsi region is created by euchromatin-specific histone modifications. A characteristic inverted repeat (IR) sequence is present at the 5' end of this region, forming a chromatin boundary between promoter-specific chromatin upstream of the IR sequence and silent chromatin downstream of the IR sequence. In addition, Esc2 and Rad57, which are involved in DNA repair, were required for GAGsi silencing. Finally, the chromatin boundary was required for the transcription of Ty1 itself. Thus, the GAGsi sequence contributes to the creation of a chromatin environment that promotes Ty1 transcription.
3D printed rectal swabs for assessing the gut microbiome, metabolome and inflammation
Authors: Perry Robert W. , Mullish Benjamin H. , Alexander James L. , Shah Raashi , Danckert Nathan P. , Blanco Jesus Miguens , Roberts Lauren , Liu Zhigang , Chrysostomou Despoina , Radhakrishnan Shiva T. , Balarajah Sharmili , Barry Rachael , Hicks Lucy C. , Williams Horace R. T. , Marchesi Julian R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInvestigating the gut microbiome and metabolome frequently requires faecal samples, which can be difficult to obtain. Previous studies have shown that rectal swabs are comparable to faecal samples for analysing gut microbiota composition and key metabolites. In this study, 3D printed rectal swabs were compared with conventional flocked swabs and faecal samples, due to the potential advantages 3D printing as a technique offers for swab production and development. 16S rRNA gene sequencing, qPCR and metabolite profiling (using 1H-NMR spectroscopy) were performed on swab and faecal samples from healthy participants. Faecal calprotectin and total protein analysis were performed on samples from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. There were no significant differences between both swab types and faecal samples when assessing key measures of alpha and beta diversity, and differences in the abundance of major phyla. There was a strong correlation between both swab types and faecal samples for all combined metabolites detected by NMR. In IBD patients, there was no significant difference in faecal calprotectin and total protein levels between both swab types and faecal samples. These data lead us to conclude that 3D printed swabs are equivalent to flocked swabs for the analysis of the gut microbiome, metabolome and inflammation.