bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the lesion appearance on FLAIR images synthetized from quantitative MRI: a fast, hybrid approach
Authors: Xu Fei , Mandija Stefano , Kleinloog Jordi P. D. , Liu Hongyan , van der Heide Oscar , van der Kolk Anja G. , Dankbaar Jan Willem , van den Berg Cornelis A. T. , Sbrizzi Alessandro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective
The image quality of synthetized FLAIR (fluid attenuated inversion recovery) images is generally inferior to its conventional counterpart, especially regarding the lesion contrast mismatch. This work aimed to improve the lesion appearance through a hybrid methodology.

Materials and methods
We combined a full brain 5-min MR-STAT acquisition followed by FLAIR synthetization step with an ultra-under sampled conventional FLAIR sequence and performed the retrospective and prospective analysis of the proposed method on the patient datasets and a healthy volunteer.

Results
All performance metrics of the proposed hybrid FLAIR images on patient datasets were significantly higher than those of the physics-based FLAIR images (p < 0.005), and comparable to those of conventional FLAIR images. The small difference between prospective and retrospective analysis on a healthy volunteer demonstrated the validity of the retrospective analysis of the hybrid method as presented for the patient datasets.

Discussion
The proposed hybrid FLAIR achieved an improved lesion appearance in the clinical cases with neurological diseases compared to the physics-based FLAIR images, Future prospective work on patient data will address the validation of the method from a diagnostic perspective by radiological inspection of the new images over a larger patient cohort.
Cultivar fingerprinting and SNP-based pedigree reconstruction in Danish heritage apple cultivars utilizing genotypic data from multiple germplasm collections in the world
Authors: Larsen Bjarne , Howard Nicholas P. , Denancé Caroline , Durel Charles-Eric , Pedersen Carsten , Sätra Jonas Skytte af , Garkava-Gustavsson Larisa , Troggio Michela , van de Weg Eric 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Heirloom Danish apple cultivars are historically and pomologically important, part of the cultural heritage, and have valuable adaptation to regional climate conditions. However, lack of information about their genetic identity and pedigree relatedness with other cultivars hampers proper cultivar identification, germplasm curation, genebank management, and future regional breeding efforts. Many Danish apple cultivars are maintained in the national collection “The Pometum”, maintaining around 850 apple accessions. Additional material is maintained in public or private Danish collections. However, no information exists regarding genotypic duplicates between these collections and germplasm collections in other countries, pedigree inferences across collections, and genotypically unique accessions at the genebank level.
To provide such information, 976 accessions from Denmark were genotyped with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and the Illumina Infinium 20K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. The resulting genotypic data were compared to large databases of genotypic data from germplasm collections in multiple countries to identify genotypic duplicates and conduct pedigree reconstruction. The germplasm maintains 305 unique genotypic profiles which were not found in other germplasm collections. The study exposed previously unknown synonyms, accessions not true-to-type, and novel pedigree relationships involving accessions from multiple collection sites. The most frequent parents of Danish germplasm were ‘Hvid Vinter Pigeon’ and ‘Cox’s Orange Pippin’ whereas ‘Reinette Franche’ was the most common grandparent. The accession-level information will benefit germplasm curation, cultivar identification, genebank management, and future breeding efforts, and shed new light on cultivar history and origin.
Ground, Ceiling and Wall Effect Evaluation of Small Quadcopters in Pressure-controlled Environments
Authors: David Du Mutel de Pierrepont Franze Iris , Parin Riccardo , Capello Elisa , Rutherford Matthew J. , Valavanis Kimon P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMulticopters are used for a wide range of applications that often involve approaching buildings or navigating enclosed spaces. Opposed to the open spaces in obstacle-free environments commonly flown by fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles, multicopters frequently fly close to surfaces and must take into account the airflow variations caused by airflow rebound. Such disturbances must be identified in order to design algorithms capable of compensating them. The evaluation of ground, ceiling and wall effects using two different test stands is proposed in this work. Different propellers and sensors have been considered for testing. The first test setup used was placed inside terraXcube’s large climatic chamber allowing a precise control of temperature and pressure of around 20°C and 1000 hPa, respectively. The second test setup is located at the University of Denver (DU) Unmanned Systems Research Institute (DU$$^2$$

2

SRI) laboratory with a stable pressure of around 800 hPa. Two different fixed 6 degrees of freedom force-torque sensors have been used for the experiments, allowing to sample forces and moments in three orthogonal axes. The tests simulate a hovering situation of a quadcopter at different distances to either the ground, the ceiling or a wall. The influence of the propeller size, rotation speed, pressure and temperature have also been considered and used for later dimensionless coefficient comparison. A thorough analysis of the measurement uncertainty is also included based on experimental evaluations and manufacturer information. Experimental data collected in these tests can be used for the definition of a mathematical model in which the effect of the proximity to the different surfaces is evaluated.
Social Anxiety is Related to Worse Recognition Memory of Angry Faces
Authors: Keith Ashley E. , Hamrick Hannah C. , Judah Matt R. , Zabelina Darya 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMany studies have examined attention biases as a risk factor of social anxiety disorder (SAD). Fewer studies have examined biases in memory, and the results are discrepant. Because memory depends on attention, it is possible that memory biases depend on whether stimuli are attended, such as when they are task-relevant. The aim of the present study was to investigate how social anxiety is associated with biased recognition memory of threatening social stimuli. Participants (N = 159) completed a task in which a semi-transparent face and house spatially overlapped. Participants were cued to identify the gender of the face or whether the house had a deck. 50% of the faces expressed anger, and 50% were neutral. Participants then completed a surprise recognition memory test. Social anxiety was associated with worse recognition of angry faces, but not neutral faces, regardless of whether the trial required them to attend to the face or the house. The finding did not hold for a broader measure of anxiety. Additionally, recognition memory of neutral faces was worse when they were not task-relevant, regardless of social anxiety. The results suggest that reduced memory of angry facial expressions is associated with social anxiety. Support was not found for the dependence of this bias on attention.
Synthesis, thermal, and mechanical characterisation of metakaolin-based geopolymers coloured with grape marc extract
Authors: Pelosi Chiara , Pulidori Elena , D’Angelo Antonio , Tiné Maria Rosaria , Catauro Michelina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOver the years, several materials have been used for restoration purposes, with different types of dyes and colour hues. Recently, some researchers have proposed geopolymers (GPs) or amorphous aluminosilicate polymers for these purposes. In this work, an alcohol-based grape marc extract (GME, obtained via dark maceration assisted with ultrasound) was used as a natural dyeing agent for metakaolin-based GPs. The geopolymerisation occurrence was assessed by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis, while the colour of the resulting material was determined through the colorimetric analysis in the L*a*b* colour space. Additionally, the thermal stability of GME and GPs was investigated by thermogravimetry coupled with FT-IR spectroscopy. The microstructure, the reticulation stability, and the antimicrobial activity of GPs were examined through the scanning electron microscopy, the pH and ionic conductivity measurements, integrity, and mass loss tests. Overall, a coloured geopolymer with suitable thermal, antimicrobial, and mechanical properties was obtained, justifying its potential use in restoration or, more generally, in the construction field.
Graphical abstract
Is Marriage Associated With Decreases or Increases in Sexism?
Authors: Overall Nickola C. , Cross Emily. J. , Sibley Chris. G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe current study examines whether a pivotal event central to gender relations—marriage—is associated with changes in sexism. Drawing upon a nationally representative study assessing sexist attitudes across 14 years, event-aligned piecewise latent growth models examined change in hostile and benevolent sexism (1) across the years prior to marriage, (2) within the year immediately post marriage, and (3) across the years following marriage (N = 1,615). Matching average trajectories established in prior research, hostile sexism and women’s benevolent sexism showed small declines across the years prior to marriage. Immediately post marriage, however, men’s hostile sexism and women’s hostile and benevolent sexism significantly increased from pre-marriage levels, before returning to declining trajectories across the following years. By contrast, men’s benevolent sexism was stable prior to marriage, did not change within the year immediately post marriage, but then significantly departed from the pre-marriage trajectory by declining across the years following marriage. These novel findings reveal that investigating meaningful life events provides new insight into the factors that may be associated with changes in sexism. The results also open new avenues to advance understanding of the relationship experiences and motivations that may reinforce and reduce sexist attitudes.
The Mediating Role of Perception of Society Between Income Inequality and Life Satisfaction. Insights from the European Social Survey
Authors: Koponen Samuli , Kouvo Antti 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe mechanisms between inequality and well-being are not fully known. There is a body of knowledge assuming personal information on the social environment can be important here. In this article, we consider this perception of society (POS) as a mediator between income inequality and life satisfaction. Our research questions are: 1) How are various measures of income inequality associated with life satisfaction, and 2) does the POS mediate the effect of inequality on life satisfaction? The individual-level data come from the European Social Survey 2008 (N = 56,752) and the macro-level data from OECD and World Bank. We use a comprehensive and psychometrically valid measure of the POS to capture individuals' full societal perceptions. The data is analysed with a multilevel linear regression and the mediation effect is tested with a Sobel test. The results reveal significant differences between indicators of income inequality in their ability to predict life satisfaction. Moreover, POS is strongly associated with life satisfaction and mediates the association of income inequality on life satisfaction. In addition, we observed the so-called ‘saturation effect.’ The effect of POS depends on objective conditions—the better the society, the smaller the effect.
The associations of emotion regulation, self-compassion, and perceived lifestyle discrepancy with breast cancer survivors’ healthy lifestyle maintenance
Authors: Ben-Artzi Tal Jean , Baziliansky Svetlana , Cohen Miri 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Unhealthy lifestyle increases the risk of comorbidities, reduced quality of life, and cancer recurrence among breast cancer survivors. It is important to identify emotional and cognitive factors that may affect the maintenance of a healthy lifestyle over time. This study examined the associations of perceived lifestyle discrepancy, self-compassion, and emotional distress with the maintenance of a healthy lifestyle among breast cancer survivors and the mediating role of emotion regulation patterns (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression) in these associations.

Methods
A total of 145 female breast cancer survivors aged 31–77 completed self-reports on healthy lifestyle maintenance, perceived lifestyle discrepancy, self-compassion, emotional distress, and emotion regulation patterns. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data.

Results
Mean physical activity and healthy diet maintenance scores were moderate. The structural equation modeling analysis showed good fit indicators (χ2 = 4.21, df = 10, p = .94; χ2/df = 0.42; NFI = .98; TLI = 1.09; CFI = 1.00; RMSEA = .00, 95% CI (.00, .02)). Lower perceived lifestyle discrepancy was directly associated with higher physical activity (β = −.34, p < .01) and healthy diet (β =−.39, p < .01). Cognitive reappraisal was associated with higher physical activity (β = .19, p < .01), and expressive suppression was associated with lower physical activity (β = −.19, p < .01), and both mediated the association between self-compassion and physical activity.

Conclusions
The mediated associations reported in this study indicate that psychosocial factors, especially self-compassion, perceived lifestyle discrepancy, and emotional regulation patterns, are relevant to healthy lifestyle maintenance among breast cancer survivors, because solely providing healthy lifestyle recommendations does not motivate individuals to adhere to them.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Short-term structured psychosocial interventions designed to reduce perceived health discrepancy and strengthen self-compassion should be implemented and their effect on lifestyle should be further evaluated.
Inhibition of Metal-Polyphenol Complex in Tea Fortified with Encapsulated Iron
Authors: Baldelli Alberto , Arrieta Alejandro Leiva , Pratap-Singh Anubhav 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Fortifying tea with iron faces the formation of a blue complex between iron and polyphenols. These technical challenges were circumvented by encapsulating iron sulphate with walls of whey proteins and Eudraguard via spray drying. Three types of capsules were generated based on the quantity of enclosed iron, 5.1, 7.7, or 10.0 mg; the quantity of iron is proportional to the complex formation. The encapsulation process enhanced iron absorption by 73% compared to free iron. The iron-polyphenol complex formation in gallic acid and black tea solution was studied. The complex formation in two buffers, 2-(N-Morpholino)ethane sulfonic acid (MES), and [piperazine-N, N′-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid)] (PIPES), in two pH, 5.5 and 6.6, and the situations of buffered and unbuffered gallic acid in 0.3 mM ferrous sulphate solution was analyzed. The most stable solutions were gained with gallic acid in MES at pH 5.5 and 6.6 and PIPES at 6.6.
The Impact of Public Participation Through Invited and Invented Spaces on Water Supply in Urban Informal Settlements
Authors: Ntwana Bukiwe , Naidoo Vinothan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThough public participation forms part of the foundation of the South African democracy, insufficient consideration has been paid to the processes of public participation at local government, particularly in the provision of water supply in informal settlement communities. Informal settlements and their leadership structures are continuously excluded and overlooked in decisions and plans around water supply for their designated communities by invited public participation platforms such as ward committees and ward councillors. As a result, this has negative implications on the settlements’ access to water supply. It is within this context that this article demonstrates how the exclusion of informal settlement communities and their leadership structures in water supply decision making processes at local government exacerbate and enforce water struggles in informal settlements. This paper uses a qualitative research approach. The data was collected using field observations, photographic images, in-depth household interviews, in-depth interviews with community leaders and key informants.
The bias beneath: analyzing drift in YouTube’s algorithmic recommendations
Authors: Cakmak Mert Can , Agarwal Nitin , Oni Remi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In today’s digital world, understanding how YouTube’s recommendation systems guide what we watch is crucial. This study dives into these systems, revealing how they influence the content we see over time. We found that YouTube’s algorithms tend to push content in certain directions, affecting the variety and type of videos recommended to viewers. To uncover these patterns, we used a mixed methods approach to analyze videos recommended by YouTube. We looked at the emotions conveyed in videos, the moral messages they might carry, and whether they contained harmful content. Our research also involved statistical analysis to detect biases in how these videos are recommended and network analysis to see how certain videos become more influential than others. Our findings show that YouTube’s algorithms can lead to a narrowing of the content landscape, limiting the diversity of what gets recommended. This has important implications for how information is spread and consumed online, suggesting a need for more transparency and fairness in how these algorithms work. In summary, this paper highlights the need for a more inclusive approach to how digital platforms recommend content. By better understanding the impact of YouTube’s algorithms, we can work towards creating a digital space that offers a wider range of perspectives and voices, affording fairness, and enriching everyone’s online experience.
Remagnetization of Pre‐Fan Sediments Offshore Sumatra: Alteration Associated With Seismogenic Diagenetic Strengthening
Authors: Yang Tao , Petronotis Katerina E. , Acton Gary D. , Zhao Xixi , Chemale Farid , Vasconcelos Paulo M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIncreases in temperature and pressure caused by rapid burial of sediments seaward of the Sumatra subduction zone have been hypothesized to trigger dehydration reactions that diagenetically strengthen sediments and contribute to the formation of an over‐pressured pre‐décollement, which together facilitate the occurrence of large shallow earthquakes. We present paleomagnetic, rock magnetic, and electron microscopic analyses from drill cores collected offshore Sumatra at Site U1480 during IODP Expedition 362 that support this hypothesis. The older pre‐fan units (Late Cretaceous to early Paleocene) were deposited when Site U1480 was moving rapidly northward with the Indian plate from a paleolatitude of 50° to 30°S, which would equate to expected absolute paleomagnetic inclinations of 70°–43°. Most of the older pre‐fan sediments, however, have shallow observed inclinations (shallower than ±20°), indicating that the sediments were overprinted when Site U1480 was located near the paleoequator, as it has been since the early Oligocene. Electron microscopic observations reveal that the pre‐existing detrital magnetite grains have undergone pervasive dissolution and alteration by hydrothermal fluids. The diagenesis observed is consistent with mineral dehydration, possibly driven by rapid burial of pelagic sediments by the ∼1250 m thick Nicobar Fan sequence. In addition, the elevated burial temperature also facilitated the smectite to illite conversion reaction. We hypothesize that chemical reactions resulted in the formation of fine‐grained magnetite that records a chemical remanent magnetization overprint. This overprint is consistent with the alteration occurring after burial by the thick Nicobar Fan sequence sometime in the past few million years.
Offshore Plankton Blooms via Mesoscale and Sub‐Mesoscale Interactions With a Western Boundary Current
Authors: Chapman Christopher C. , Sloyan Bernadette M. , Schaeffer Amandine , Suthers Iain M. , Pitt Kylie A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe investigate mesoscale circulations in an oligotrophic western boundary current, the East Australian Current, during a sustained offshore plankton bloom. Using a series of high resolution hydrographic sections taken a few days apart, supplemented with in situ samples of nutrients, satellite and long‐term mooring measurements, we describe a dynamic situation by which the East Australian Current's velocity core and associated front, interacts with a mesoscale eddy, migrating zonally by approximately 100 km over the course of 10 days. This interaction between the boundary current and mesoscale eddy field occurred concurrently with a sustained offshore plankton bloom. Sub‐mesoscale upwelling motions on the inshore flank of the boundary current core coincides with increased nutrient and plankton concentrations in the near surface. Calculations based on the quasi‐geostrophic omega equation and finite size lyapunov exponents suggest that these vertical motion arise from the interaction of the mesoscale with the East Australian Current. Frontolysis (the destruction of horizontal buoyancy gradients) leads to a thermally indirect ageostrophic secondary circulation that has the potential to supply nutrients to the near surface ocean. Using satellite data, we investigate the mesoscale conditions associated with all offshore phytoplankton blooms identified by an automated method, finding similar mesoscale patterns to those observed during the field campaign. We conclude that the interaction between the East Australian Current and mesoscale eddies is a recurrent catalyst for the complex sub‐mesoscale dynamics we observed, and is likely a fundamental processes in driving offshore biological productivity in the region.
Meteotsunamis Generated by Thunderstorms
Authors: Wijeratne E. M. S. , Pattiaratchi Charitha B. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSouth‐west Australia has been identified as a global hotspot for the occurrence of meteotsunamis. In this study, a numerical hydrodynamic model (Regional Ocean Modelling System) was configured to investigate the generation of meteotsunamis through propagating thunderstorms. A range of simulations were performed using realistic and synthetic atmospheric forcing to establish the sensitivity of meteotsunami wave heights and waveforms along different parts of the coast to variations in the propagation speed and bandwidths of propagating pressure jumps associated with the thunderstorms. When a pressure jump propagated from the north and north‐west quadrants with a speed (U) of 8–15 ms−1, both the Proudman and Greenspan resonances were possible mechanisms for the generation of meteotsunamis. However, the response changed for different bandwidths of the propagating pressure jump and resulted in different meteotsunami waveforms at the coast. When U > 15 ms−1, long waves were amplified initially through shoaling at the shelf slope, with Proudman resonance enhancing the wave heights at corresponding resonant depths on the shelf, and then propagated as free waves on the continental shelf. The waves were further amplified at the coast through refraction and shoaling effects and resulted in an elevation wave at the coast. Numerical simulations also indicated that edge waves can also be excited near the coast when the incoming free wave wavelengths were equal to or half the edge wave wavelength. The study provides observational and numerical evidence to suggest that the bandwidth of propagating air pressure jumps plays a major role in meteotsunami generation and their waveforms.