bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature‐Induced Intersite Charge Transfer Involving Cr ions in A‐Site‐Ordered Perovskites ACu3Cr4O12 (A=La and Y)
Authors: Zhang Shoubao , Saito Takashi , Mizumaki Masaichiro , Shimakawa Yuichi 
Published: June 2014

AbstractChanges in the valence state of transition‐metal ions in oxides drastically modify the chemical and physical properties of the compounds. Intersite charge transfer (ISCT), which involves simultaneous changes in the valence states of two valence‐variable transition‐metal cations at different crystallographic sites, further expands opportunities to show multifunctional properties. To explore new ISCT materials, we focus on A‐site‐ordered perovskite‐structure oxides with the chemical formula AA′3B4O12, which contain different transition‐metal cations at the square‐planar A′ and octahedral B sites. We have obtained new A‐site‐ordered perovskites LaCu3Cr4O12 and YCu3Cr4O12 by synthesis under high‐pressure and high‐temperature conditions and found that they showed temperature‐induced ISCT between A′‐site Cu and B‐site Cr ions. The compounds are the first examples of those, in which Cr ions are involved in temperature‐induced ISCT. In contrast to the previously reported ISCT compounds, LaCu3Cr4O12 and YCu3Cr4O12 showed positive‐thermal‐expansion‐like volume changes at the ISCT transition.
ChemInform Abstract: Exploring the Potential Energy Surface of E2P4 Clusters (E: Group 13 Element): The Quest for Inverse Carbon‐Free Sandwiches.
Authors: Castro Abril C. , Osorio Edison , Cabellos Jose Luis , Cerpa Erick , Matito Eduard , Sola Miquel , Swart Marcel , Merino Gabriel 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe potential energy surfaces of the singlet and triplet states of the title clusters are computed by DFT methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Effect of O‐ and Mn‐Doping on Superconductivity in FeTe0.5Se0.5 Superconductor.
Authors: Thakur Gohil S. , Haque Zeba , Neha Prakriti , Gupta Laxmi C. , Patnaik Satyabrata , Ganguli Ashok K. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractPolycrystalline samples of superconducting FeTe0.5Se0.5‐xOx (x: 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.04, 0.06) and Fe1‐xMnxTe0.5Se0.5 (x: 0.01, 0.02) are prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of Fe, Se, Te, and Fe2O3 (evacuated quartz tubes, 700 °C, 24 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Enhancing the Thermoelectric Properties of Germanium Antimony Tellurides by Substitution with Selenium in Compounds GenSb2(Te1‐xSex)n+3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5; n ≥ 7).
Authors: Rosenthal Tobias , Urban Philipp , Nimmrich Kathleen , Schenk Ludwig , de Boor Johannes , Stiewe Christian , Oeckler Oliver 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBulk samples of GenSb2(Te1‐xSex)n+3 (0 < x ≤ 0.5; 7 ≤ n ≤ 19) are prepared by melting stoichiometric amounts of the elements (silica glass ampoules, 950 °C, 2 h, quenching) followed by annealing at 580 °C for 2 days (630 °C in case of Ge19Sb2 (Te0.8Se0.2)22) and quenching.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Pressure Synthesis of A‐Site Ordered Double Perovskite CaMnTi2O6 and Ferroelectricity Driven by Coupling of A‐Site Ordering and the Second‐Order Jahn—Teller Effect.
Authors: Aimi Akihisa , Mori Daisuke , Hiraki Ko‐ichi , Takahashi Toshihiro , Shan Yue Jin , Shirako Yuichi , Zhou Jianshi , Inaguma Yoshiyuki 
Published: June 2014

AbstractFerroelectric A‐site‐ordered double perovskite CaMnTi2O6 is prepared from equimolar mixtures of MnTiO3 and CaTiO3 in Au (for single crystals) and Pt capsules (for polycrystalline material) under high‐pressure (TRY cubic multianvil press, 1200‐1700 °C, 7 GPa, 0.5 h) followed by annealing (N2 atmosphere, 500 °C, 6 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Local Melting of Charge Ordering in CaBaCo4O7 by Sr‐Doping.
Authors: Seikh Md. Motin , Pralong Valerie , Caignaert Vincent , Raveau Bernard 
Published: June 2014

AbstractCaBa1‐xSrxCo4O7 (x: 0, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1) are prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of CaCO3, BaCO3, SrCO3, and Co3O4 (1.
ChemInform Abstract: (H3O)2NaAl3F12, Isostructural with A2NaAl3F12 (A: K+, Rb+, Cs+) Fluorides Having HTB‐Type Sheets.
Authors: Jouffret Laurent , Lhoste Jerome , Hemon‐Ribaud Annie , Leblanc Marc , Maisonneuve Vincent 
Published: June 2014

Abstract(H3O)2NaAl3F12 is obtained as minor phase from the solvothermal reaction of Al(OH)3, NaOH, 1,2,4‐triazole, and 40% aq.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure, Physical Properties and Bond Valence Analysis of NaLuP2O7.
Authors: Bejaoui Anis , Horchani‐Naifer Karima , Hajji Mounir , Ferid Mokhtar 
Published: June 2014

AbstractSingle crystals of the title compound are prepared by the flux method from NaPO3 and Lu2O3 (Pt crucible, 1000 °C, 20 h).
ChemInform Abstract: A Second‐Generation Ligand for the Enantioselective Rhodium‐Catalyzed Addition of Arylboronic Acids to Alkenylazaarenes.
Authors: Roy Iain D. , Burns Alan R. , Pattison Graham , Michel Boris , Parker Alexandra J. , Lam Hon Wai 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe presented ligand is simpler than previously reported ligands for the title reaction but gives generally superior enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Strategy to Construct Acyclic Nucleosides via Ag(I)‐Catalyzed Addition of Pronucleophiles to 9‐Allenyl‐9H‐purines.
Authors: Wei Tao , Xie Ming‐Sheng , Qu Gui‐Rong , Niu Hong‐Ying , Guo Hai‐Ming 
Published: June 2014

AbstractUtilizing Ag(I) salts as catalysts, hydrocarboxylation, hydroamination, and hydrocarbonation reactions proceed well affording acyclic nucleosides with good results.
ChemInform Abstract: Modulable and Highly Diastereoselective Carbometalations of Cyclopropenes.
Authors: Didier Dorian , Delaye Pierre‐Olivier , Simaan Marwan , Island Biana , Eppe Guillaume , Eijsberg Hendrik , Kleiner Amir , Knochel Paul , Marek Ilan 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIt is found that cyclopropenyl derivatives of type (I) and (X) undergo Cu‐catalyzed carbomagnesiation with very high syn‐diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Hierarchically Porous Pd@HSQ Monolithic Catalyst for Mizoroki—Heck Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Moitra Nirmalya , Matsushima Ayumi , Kamei Toshiyuki , Kanamori Kazuyoshi , Ikuhara Yumi H. , Gao Xiang , Takeda Kazuyuki , Zhu Yang , Nakanishi Kazuki , Shimada Toyoshi 
Published: June 2014

AbstractNovel Pd nanoparticles embedded hydrogen silsesquioxane monoliths are prepared using an on‐site reduction methodology and successfully applied as catalyst in the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of cis‐1,2‐Dichlorovinylsulfones via Fe‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Stereoselective Addition of Sulfonyl Chlorides to Aromatic Chloroalkynes.
Authors: Wang Lina , Zhu Hui , Che Jianwei , Yang Yuanfa , Zhu Gangguo 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe title reaction proceeds with good to excellent E/Z‐selectivity and tolerates a variety of functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalyst‐Free Dehydrative α‐Alkylation of Ketones with Alcohols: Green and Selective Autocatalyzed Synthesis of Alcohols and Ketones.
Authors: Xu Qing , Chen Jianhui , Tian Haiwen , Yuan Xueqin , Li Shuangyan , Zhou Chongkuan , Liu Jianping 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe title syntheses of alcohols and ketones proceed in a one‐pot manner and on a large scale by C=C bond formation of the in situ generated intermediates with subsequent selective Meerwein—Pondorf—Verley—Oppenauer‐type redox processes.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Intramolecular Coupling of 2,3‐Disubstituted Phenyl Acrylic Acids and Derivatives Promoted by Di‐tert‐butylperoxide.
Authors: Ji De‐Rong , Yang Hua , Zhao Xiao‐Jing , Yang Hao , Liu Yang‐Zhao , Liao Dai‐Hui , Feng Chun , Zhang Cheng‐Gang 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA metal‐free intramolecular oxidative coupling of 2,3‐disubstituted phenylacrylic acids furnishing polymethoxy‐substituted phenanthrene‐9‐carboxylic acids (II), key intermediates for the synthesis of tylophora alkaloids, is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Aryl Nitrenium Ions from N‐Alkyl‐N‐arylamino‐diazonium Precursors: Synthesis and Reactivity.
Authors: Huh Chan Woo , Aube Jeffrey 
Published: June 2014

AbstractStarting material (I), (III), (V), and (VIII) are prepared from α,α‐disubstituted acetonitrile in a three step sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: An Expedient Synthesis of 3‐Alkylideneoxindoles by Ti(OiPr)4/Pyridine‐Mediated Knoevenagel Condensation.
Authors: Lee Hyun Ju , Lim Jin Woo , Yu Jin , Kim Jae Nyoung 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA synthetic route to (Z)‐3‐alkylideneoxindoles is described which are not accessible via traditional Knoevenagel condensation.
ChemInform Abstract: Ir‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Asymmetric Allylic Dearomatization Reaction of Indoles.
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Han Long , You Shu‐Li 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe presented approach is the first example where the asymmetric construction of all‐carbon quaternary stereogenic centers is realized through the discrimination of the enantiotopic faces of a prochiral nucleophile without forming an allylic chiral center under iridium catalysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Thiophene‐Fused Isoindigo Derivative: A Potential Building Block for Organic Semiconductors.
Authors: Zhao Na , Qiu Li , Wang Xiao , An Zengjian , Wan Xiaobo 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe title compound (III) is prepared from substrate (I) in a one‐pot manner via an alkylation/oxidation/condensation step.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Two‐Step One‐Pot Synthesis of Benzimidazoles Using 2‐Nitroanilines and Thiourea Dioxide.
Authors: Pu Shuai , Liang Qiuxiang , Luo Xi , Luo Juan 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe title synthesis involves the reduction of nitro group followed by the intramolecular cyclization process.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Organocatalytic α‐Sulfenylation of Azlactones.
Authors: Qiao Baokun , Liu Xinfei , Duan Shaobo , Yan Lin , Jiang Zhiyong 
Published: June 2014

AbstractEfficient reaction conditions are elaborated for the transformation of azlactones to the corresponding α‐sulfenylated products with high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Fluoroalkenoates and Fluorinated Isoxazolidinones: N‐Substituents Governing the Dual Reactivity of Nitrones.
Authors: Prakash G. K. Surya , Zhang Zhe , Wang Fang , Rahm Martin , Ni Chuanfa , Iuliucci Marc , Haiges Ralf , Olah George A. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe proposed reaction mechanism is supported by computational studies.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Substituted 1,3,4‐Thiadiazole and 2,6‐Di Aryl Substituted Imidazo [2,1‐b][1,3,4]Thiadiazole Derivatives.
Authors: Chandrakantha B. , Isloor Arun M. , Shetty Prakash , Fun Hoong Kun , Hegde Gurumurthy 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAll products are purified by filtration.
ChemInform Abstract: CoFe2O4 Nanoparticles as a Magnetically Recoverable and Reusable Catalyst for the Synthesis of Arylaminotetrazoles and 5‐Aryloxytetrazoles.
Authors: Bahari Siavash , Rezaei Akbar 
Published: June 2014

AbstractArylcyanamides bearing electron‐withdrawing groups afford the isomers (II), whereas the substrates bearing electron‐releasing groups afford the isomers (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Propane‐1,2,3‐triyl Tris(hydrogen Sulfate): A Mild and Efficient Recyclable Catalyst for the Synthesis of Biscoumarin Derivatives in Water and Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Rezaei Ramin , Moezzi Fatemeh , Doroodmand Mohammad Mahdi 
Published: June 2014

Abstract12 Title compounds of type (III) are prepared using propane‐1,2,3‐triyl tris(hydrogen sulfate) PTTH as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Hexahydrofuro[3,2‐c]quinolines Through a Multicatalytic and Multicomponent Process. A New “Aromatic Sandwich” Model for BINOL‐Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Reactions.
Authors: Calleja Jonas , Gonzalez‐Perez Adan B. , de Lera Angel R. , Alvarez Rosana , Fananas Francisco J. , Rodriguez Felix 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe applied catalytic system promotes both a condensation and an asymmetric Povarov reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Route to the Synthesis of Ellipticine Quinone from Isatin.
Authors: Ramkumar Nagarajan , Nagarajan Rajagopal 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe key reactions for the synthesis of the title compound are N‐alkylation of isatin, indoledione‐indole rearrangement, and directed ortho‐lithiation.
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐(2‐Allylaryl)‐1H‐pyrroles as Building Blocks for Novel 4‐Methyl‐4,5‐dihydropyrrolo[1,2‐a]quinoline Derivatives.
Authors: Orejarena Julio Cesar , Gomez Sandra Liliana , Palma Alirio , Cobo Justo , Nogueras Manuel 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA simple and practical two‐step route to the novel title compounds using a Clauson‐Kaas reaction followed by a regioselective intramolecular Friedel‐Crafts reaction is described.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple and Efficient Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydropyrimidin‐2‐(1H)‐ones via Biginelli Reaction Catalyzed by Nanomagnetic‐Supported Sulfonic Acid.
Authors: Kolvari Eskandar , Koukabi Nadiya , Armandpour Ozra 
Published: June 2014

AbstractNanomagnetic‐supported sulfonic acid is found to be a new, powerful, and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for the Biginelli reaction under microwave conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: A Green Multicomponent Synthesis of Bioactive Pyrimido[4,5‐b]quinoline Derivatives as Antibacterial Agents in Water Catalyzed by RuCl3·xH2O.
Authors: Tabatabaeian Khalil , Shojaei Abdollah Fallah , Shirini Farhad , Hejazi Seyyedeh Zoha , Rassa Mehdi 
Published: June 2014

AbstractSome of the synthesized pyrimidoquinoline derivatives (IV) (20 examples) exhibit good to excellent antibacterial activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Evaluation of 1‐Cyclopropyl‐6‐fluoro‐1,4‐dihydro‐4‐oxo‐7‐(4‐(2‐ (4‐substitutedpiperazin‐1‐yl)acetyl)piperazin‐1‐yl) quinoline‐3‐carboxylic Acid Derivatives as Antitubercular and Antibacterial Agents.
Authors: Suresh Narva , Nagesh Hunsur Nagendra , Renuka Janupally , Rajput Vikrant , Sharma Rashmi , Khan Inshad Ali , Kondapalli Venkata Gowri Chandra S. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractDerivative (IIIc) exhibits the highest activity against MTB H37Rv strain.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a New Library of Pyrano‐Phenazine Derivatives (VI) via a Novel Three‐Component Protocol.
Authors: Shaabani Ahmad , Ghadari Rahim , Arabieh Masoud 
Published: June 2014

AbstractHigh functional‐group tolerance, facile reaction procedure, medium to high yields, and simple separation of the products from the reaction media are the advantages of the introduced protocol.
ChemInform Abstract: Azo‐Coupling of Pyrazole‐3(5)‐diazonium Chlorides with Cyanothioacetamide: A Convenient Synthesis of Pyrazolo[5,1‐c][1,2,4]triazine‐3‐carbothioamides.
Authors: Ledenyova Irina V. , Didenko Vitaly V. , Dotsenko Victor V. , Shikhaliev Khidmet S. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe corresponding products (III) can be further converted with α‐bromo ketones to the products (V) or oxidized with H2O2 to give compounds (VI) and (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical and Efficient Synthesis of 6‐Carboalkoxy‐13‐cycloalkyl‐5H‐indolo[2,1‐a] [2]benzazepine‐10‐carboxylic Acid Derivatives.
Authors: Hewawasam Piyasena , Tu Yong , Hudyma Thomas W. , Zhang Xiaofan , Gentles Robert G. , Kadow John F. , Meanwell Nicholas A. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA new synthesis of benzazepine derivatives from hemiaminals is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of N‐Carboxyalkyl‐1,4‐benzothiazepine‐3(2H)‐one Derivatives Using Esters of N‐(2‐Chloro‐5‐nitrobenzyl)amino Acids.
Authors: Tarasiuk Taras M. , Volovnenko Tetiana A. , Volovenko Yulian M. , Medviediev Volodymyr V. , Shishkin Oleg V. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTwo approaches to obtain N‐(2‐chloro‐5‐nitrobenzyl)amino acid esters [(III) and (VIII)] are developed and the more convenient method is shown.
ChemInform Abstract: The First Intramolecular Silene Diels—Alder Reactions.
Authors: Czyzewski Michal , Sellars Jonathan D. , Guliashvili Tamaz , Tibbelin Julius , Johnstone Lisa , Bower Justin , Box Matthew , Davies Robert D. M. , Ottosson Henrik , Steel Patrick G. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA derivative of (Ia) with a methyl‐substituent at the terminal double bond yields no cycloadduct under the presented conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Phosphorus Containing Medium Ring Heterocycles by Sequential Claisen Rearrangement and Ring Closing Metathesis.
Authors: Majumdar K. C. , Nandi Raj Kumar , Ganai Sintu 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe precursors (I), (V), and (VIII) are prepared from the corresponding phenols by Claisen rearrangement.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New ent‐Kaurane Diterpenoids from the Aerial Parts of Isodon excisoides.
Authors: Jiao Ke , Li Huo‐Yun , Zhang Peng , Pi Hui‐Fang , Ruan Han‐Li , Wu Ji‐Zhou 
Published: June 2014

Abstractisolation and structure elucidation of two new ent‐kaurane diterpenoids, (I) and (II) together with six already known diterpenoids
ChemInform Abstract: Brachysides A and B, New Lignan Glucosides from Caragana brachyantha
Authors: Perveen Shagufta , Al‐Musayeib Nawal , Malik Abdul , Tareen Rasool Bakhsh 
Published: June 2014

Abstractisolation, structure elucidation and antioxidant activity of two new lignan glycosides, brachyside A (Ia) and B (Ib), along with four known lignan glycosides
ChemInform Abstract: Nagelamide I (I) and 2,2′‐Didebromonagelamide B (II), New Dimeric Bromopyrrole—Imidazole Alkaloids from a Marine Sponge Agelas sp.
Authors: Iwai Takahiro , Kubota Takaaki , Fromont Jane , Kobayashi Jun'ichi 
Published: June 2014

Abstractisolation and structure elucidation
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Spirotryprostatin A.
Authors: Kitahara Katsushi , Shimokawa Jun , Fukuyama Tohru 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe asymmetric total synthesis of spirotryprostatin A (I) is achieved by means of an intramolecular Heck reaction to control the stereochemistry of the quaternary spiro center.
ChemInform Abstract: A Short and Efficient Synthesis of Honokiol via Claisen Rearrangement.
Authors: Subba Reddy B. V. , Nageshwar Rao R. , Siva Senkar Reddy N. , Somaiah R. , Yadav J. S. , Subramanyam Ravi 
Published: June 2014

AbstractClaisen rearrangement of bis‐O‐allylbiphenyl provides mixtures of honokiol (II) and isohonokiol (III) under both conventional and microwave heating conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Concept and Progress in Coupling of Dehydrogenation and Hydrogenation Reactions Through Catalysts
Authors: Pramod C. V. , Raghavendra C. , Reddy K. Hari Prasad , Babu G. V. Ramesh , Rao K. S. Rama , Raju B. David 
Published: June 2014

AbstractReview: 49 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Thiaporphyrins: From Building Blocks to Multiporphyrin Arrays
Authors: Pareek Yogita , Ravikanth M. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractReview: synthesis of functionalized thiaporphyrins and their use in the construction of several covalently and non‐covalently linked thiaporphyrin‐based arrays; 62 refs.+ subrefs.
The effects of ovarian hormones and emotional eating on changes in weight preoccupation across the menstrual cycle
Authors: Hildebrandt Britny A. , Racine Sarah E. , Keel Pamela K. , Burt S. Alexandra , Neale Michael , Boker Steven , Sisk Cheryl L. , Klump Kelly L. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTObjectivePrevious research has shown that fluctuations in ovarian hormones (i.e., estradiol and progesterone) predict the changes in binge eating and emotional eating across the menstrual cycle. However, the extent to which other eating disorder symptoms fluctuate across the menstrual cycle and are influenced by ovarian hormones remains largely unknown. This study sought to examine whether the levels of weight preoccupation vary across the menstrual cycle and whether the changes in ovarian hormones and/or other factors (i.e., emotional eating and negative affect) account for menstrual cycle fluctuations in this eating disorder phenotype.MethodFor 45 consecutive days, 352 women (age, 15–25 years) provided daily ratings of weight preoccupation, negative affect, and emotional eating. Saliva samples were also collected on a daily basis and assayed for levels of estradiol and progesterone using enzyme immunoassay techniques.ResultsWeight preoccupation varied significantly across the menstrual cycle, with the highest levels in the premenstrual and menstrual phases. However, ovarian hormones did not account for within‐person changes in weight preoccupation across the menstrual cycle. Instead, the most significant predictor of menstrual cycle changes in weight preoccupation was the change in emotional eating.DiscussionFluctuations in weight preoccupation across the menstrual cycle appear to be influenced primarily by emotional eating rather than ovarian hormones. Future research should continue to examine the relationships among ovarian hormones, weight preoccupation, emotional eating, and other core eating disorder symptoms (e.g., body dissatisfaction, compensatory behaviors) in an effort to more fully understand the role of these biological and behavioral factors for the full spectrum of eating pathology. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:477–486)
Synthesis and Redox Properties of PNP Pincer Complexes Based on N‐Methyl‐4,4′‐bipyridinium
Authors: Miyake Yoshihiro , Nakajima Kazunari , Higuchi Yu , Nishibayashi Yoshiaki 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe have designed and prepared a series of novel PNP pincer ligands based on N‐methyl‐4,4′‐bipyridinium for the construction of stable complexes toward two steps of single electron transfer reactions, where p‐quinoid‐type complexes play a key role. Electrochemical studies reveal that two reduction waves of these complexes are similar to those of methylviologen and the corresponding p‐quinoid type complexes form as stable two electron reduced species. The rhodium complex bearing PNP pincer ligand based on N‐methyl‐4,4′‐bipyridinium is also found to work as a catalyst for dihydrogen production under the photoinduced electron‐transfer conditions.
Following the olive oil production chain: 1D and 2D NMR study of olive paste, pomace, and oil
Authors: Del Coco Laura , De Pascali Sandra Angelica , Iacovelli Vito , Cesari Gianluigi , Schena Francesco Paolo , Fanizzi Francesco Paolo 
Published: June 2014

Extraction methods are critical in the production and success of an extra virgin olive oil ready for consumption. The first step of olive oil extraction procedure produces an olive paste, which is subsequently processed by separation of the liquid phases (oil and vegetable water) from the pomace. Profiles of Apulian extra virgin olive oils and the deuterated chloroform extracts of its paste and pomace were studied by 1D and 2D NMR (NMR) spectroscopy without separation and pre‐treatment of samples. In order to study the metabolic profiles variation in the paste and pomace extracts with respect to the corresponding EVOOs, multivariate statistical analyses (PCA and OPLS DA) of the 1H NMR data were performed. As expected, a different minor components profile, in particular for the presence of higher content of secoiridoids, lignans and phenolic compounds in olive paste and pomace extracts with respect to the EVOOs, was observed.Practical applications: Amount of extractable oil from olive paste and pomace after the production processes of EVOO was measured by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Identification of metabolites in olive paste and pomace was performed by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy without separation and pre‐treatment of samples. The chemical composition of major and minor components (in particular secoiridoids, lignans, and phenolic compounds) present in olive paste and pomace chloroform extracts could be used for extraction process trimming purposes as well as in fingerprint analyses for cultivar and/or geographical origin certification of olive oil production. Moreover, determination of the entire metabolic content of different materials of the olive oil production process could be exploited in other applications such as recycling on agricultural land, studies of the health benefits on human nutrition and alternative dietary lipid source in animals. In fact, it is worth noting that the olive paste and pomace extracts could be even healthier than other vegetable oils.The extraction processes are critical in the extra virgin olive oil production. The chemical composition of EVOOs and its paste and pomace extracts have been investigated by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR).