bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of several growth regulators and biostimulant on biochemical and physiological changes in acclimation of micropropagated Echinacea purpurea Moench. ‘Raspberry Truffle’
Authors: Grzelak Monika , Pacholczak Andrzej , Nowakowska Karolina 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Micropropagation is currently one of the primary methods for plant propagation, known for its efficiency in producing disease-free and vigorous plants. However, the final stage of this - acclimatization, is critical due to the transfer from a controlled in vitro environment to external one. To reduce mortality and alleviate acclimation stress, plant growth regulators (PGRs) or biostimulants can be employed. This study investigated the effects of exogenously sprayed PGRs: 0.001 mg·L-1 abscisic acid (ABA), 0.001 mL·L-1 brassinolide (BL), 0.001 mL·L-1 24-epibrassinolide (24-epiBL), and 0.3 mL·L-1 biostimulant Goteo on the physiological and biochemical responses of Echinacea purpurea 'Raspberry Truffle' plantlets during the acclimation process. The effects of treatments at various acclimation stages on chlorophyll (chl) and carotenoids content, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), free amino acids, soluble proteins, total soluble sugars, and reduced soluble sugars were tested in this research. The results confirmed changes in biochemical parameters, including an increase in chlorophyll and carotenoids in the acclimatization period where the highest level obtained by BL spraying. A decline in stomatal conductance was also observed, where ABA influenced the most on drop. It was also recorded the decrease in H2O2 and MDA concentration. CAT activity increased, especially by biostimulant treatment. We recorded an increase in total soluble proteins along acclimatization. Goteo affected the most on morphology parameters, ABA, BL and 24-epiBL increased acclimatization efficiency. Our studies indicate that potentially the most effective substances in the acclimatization of E. purpurea ‘Raspberry Truffle’ are brassinosteroids and ABA.
Assessing the clinical advantage of opioid-reduced anesthesia in thoracoscopic sympathectomy: A prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Minqiang Liu , Mingfei Ma , Fengzhu Hong , Yang Li , Shanshan Guo , Qinlang Shi , Renliang He , Zepeng Li , Qiang Wu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Opioid-reduced multimodal analgesia has been clinically used for years to reduce perioperative complications related to opioid drugs. We aimed to assess the clinical effects of opioid-reduced anesthesia during thoracoscopic sympathectomy.
Methods: Surgical patients (n=151) with palmar hyperhidrosis were randomly divided into a control group (Group C, 73 patients) and a weak opioid group (Group W, 78 patients). All patients were administered general anesthesia using a laryngeal mask. In Group C, the patients were anesthetized with propofol, fentanyl, and cisatracurium, and mechanical ventilation was used during the operation. In Group W, the patients received propofol, dezocine, and dexmedetomidine (DEX), and spontaneous breathing was maintained during surgery. Perioperative complications related to opioids include hypotension, bradycardia, hypertension, tachycardia, hypoxemia, nausea, vomiting, urine retention, itching, and dizziness; vital signs, blood gas index, visual analog scale (VAS) score, and other adverse events; patient satisfaction between groups were also recorded.
Results: Perioperative complications related to opioids were similar between groups. There were no significant differences in the type of perioperative sedation, analgesia index, respiratory and circulatory indicators, blood gas analysis, postoperative VAS scores, adverse reactions, propofol dosage, postoperative recovery time, and patient satisfaction (P > 0.05).
Conclusions: In minimally invasive surgeries such as thoracoscopic sympathectomy, opioid-reduced anesthesia was safe and effective; however, this method did not show clinical advantages.
Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Register: ChiCTR2100055005, on December 30, 2021.
“People Need People (PNP)”: A weight neutral intervention for patients with binge eating disorder and higher weight
Authors: Eik-Nes Trine Tetlie , Fiskum Charlotte , Vrabel KariAnne , Berg Kjersti Hognes 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study focuses on evaluation of a weight neutral intervention called People Need People (PNP) which adopts a non-diet approach and addresses weight stigma. In total, 114 adult patients were referred from an obesity clinic and treated for Binge Eating Disorder (BED) at a mental health outpatient clinic in Norway. The findings show that the PNP intervention was effective in reducing ED symptoms, had low dropout rates, and received positive feedback from participants. The results also indicate that patients with BED and higher weight experience similar levels of ED symptoms as those with other types of eating disorders.
Construction of an advance care planning communication plan for intensive care unit patients based on the patient- and family-centered care model: a mixed-method study protocol
Authors: Peng Ruijie , Yang Yan , Liu Shufan , Jian Xumei , Zheng Shanshan , Zhang Xian , Dai Mei , Deng Renli , Li Changxiu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The intensive care unit (ICU) has the highest patient mortality rate. Implementing advance care planning (ACP) in the ICU can improve patients’ sense of dignity in medical decision-making and alleviate psychological pressure on family members, although ACP remains a challenging concept. The ACP communication plan, grounded in the patient- and family-centered care (PFCC) model, promotes patient and family involvement in treatment decisions, safeguarding patient autonomy and preventing issues such as discrepancies between treatment intensity and expected prognosis.
Methods
The exploratory hybrid research protocol will be comprised of four implementation phases. Phase 1 will involve familiarizing the research team with the content and implementation strategies of ACP based on the PFCC model. In Phase 2, interviews regarding ACP will be conducted with ICU patients and their families to acquire a comprehensive understanding of their needs. Phase 3 will involve developing the ACP communication plan document utilizing the PFCC model. Phase 4 will focus on validating the feasibility of the plan through a two-group (control and intervention), single-center, parallel-group randomized controlled trial. Regarding data analysis, the primary and secondary outcome measures will be assessed at baseline, seven days after baseline, and 30 days after baseline.
Discussion
The implementation of ACP in the ICU is an important part of palliative care, as it ensures patients’ autonomy and allows them to receive treatment consistent with their wishes, which improves quality of life and reduces the financial and psychological burden on families. However, there have been few studies in this area. This study will integrate the PFCC model into a comprehensive ACP communication plan for ICU patients to empower them and their families in the decision-making process. Our sincere aspiration is that this project will enable medical decisions that align with patients’ preferences, ultimately enhancing the mental well-being of patients and their families, as well as alleviating the financial burden they face.
Trial registration:
Chinese Clinical Trial Register (ChiCTR2400086414).
Adaptive Superpixel Segmentation and Pigment Identification of Colored Relics Based on Visible Spectral Image
Authors: Liu Shiwei , Wei Chun-ao , Li Miaoxin , Cui Xinyu , Li Junfeng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This work explores the extraction of spatial distribution and chemical composition information of pigments used in colored relics through visible spectral images of the relics. An adaptive superpixel segmentation method is proposed first to extract the spatial distribution information of pigments. Quadtree decomposition is applied to generate nonuniform initial seed points based on image homogeneity. These seed points are used as initial cluster centers in an extended SLIC algorithm designed for visible spectral images, creating superpixels of varying sizes that reflect the homogeneity. Each superpixel is subsequently treated as an individual area within the colored relics, and a pigment identification method based on visible spectral reflectance is proposed to identify the pigments used in these areas. A standard reference database is constructed using samples that simulate the painting process of ancient wall paintings in the Mogao Grottoes. The geometric features, characterized by the linear combination of normalized visible spectral reflectance and its slope and curvature, are designed to represent the chemical composition of pigments. The geometric features of the superpixels are compared with those of the pigments in the database using Euclidean distance to determine the pigments used in each area of the colored relics. This work is expected to provide scientific guidance for pigment selection in the color restoration of colored relics.
Free Gait Transition and Stable Motion Generation Using CPG-based Locomotion Control for Hexapod Robots
Authors: Ji Chen , Li Fan , Chao Xu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In this paper, we address the problem of gait transition for legged robots, focusing on the challenges of versatile phase transitions and stable motion generation. To tackle the phase transition problem, we begin by analyzing the undesirable phase-lock phenomenon and identifying the phase lock conditions for conventional diffusively coupled nonlinear oscillators. We then propose a novel diffusive Central Pattern Generator (CPG) model and theoretically prove its ability to handle phase transitions across various gait patterns. For the stability problem during transitions from one gait to another, we introduce a motion generation framework that provides an interface for stability criteria, enabling smooth trajectory adjustments based on the robot's stability. We evaluate the proposed method using both simulations and a physical hexapod robot. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach can achieve transitions across a wide range of gait patterns while ensuring stable and smooth motion during the transitions.
The side effect of long-term low-dose ketamine: anxiety and relatedmetabolomics characteristics change in rat
Authors: Fu Yingqiang , Gao Yujie , Zou Jing , Zhao Wensong , Yang Hong , Xiao Li , Sun Yiming , Jiang Zihan , Lin Yao , Ye Yi , Liao Linchuan , Ma Chunlin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Clinical studies have demonstrated the ability of ketamine to induce rapid antidepressant actions. However, considering the side effects such as neurotoxicity and abuse potential, the safety profile of prolonged use of ketamine still needs to be investigated. To provide evidence for toxicity studies of ketamine as an antidepressant.Rat’s locomotor activity and mood changes changes were observed by elevated plus-maze experiments. Untargeted metabolomics analysis of rat plasma and prefrontal cortex tissues was performed by UHPLC-QE/MS to screen differential expression metabolites and explore differential metabolic pathways. The number of entries into (0.80 ± 1.17 times, p < 0.05) and duration in (12.48 ± 13.65s, p < 0.01) open-arms were significantly lower than that of the control group (3.40 ± 1.62 times, 59.74 ± 23.32s), showing stronger anxiety degree.After withdrawal, the anxiety of rats was relieved. 74 differential metabolites were screened in the plasma of ketamine group, involving cysteine and methionine metabolism, valine and isoleucine biosynthesis, glutamine and glutamate metabolism. After one week of withdrawal, the cysteine and methionine metabolic pathways were still significantly different with the saline group; 87 metabolites in the prefrontal cortex significantly changed, which involved purine metabolism, ascorbic acid, and aldose metabolism pathways.
Rapid reduction of nurse-rated suicidality among psychiatric patients shortly following hospitalization
Authors: Ma Yarong , Liang Xiaomin , Sun Bin , Zhang Jie , Rosenheck Robert , He Hongbo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Suicidality is a major reason for psychiatric hospitalization but there have been no studies of the short-term changes in suicidality following psychiatric admission. To assess the short-term changes in suicidality during the first three days after psychiatric admission, when medications and other specific therapies are not likely to have taken effect and the primary benefit is likely to be from hospitalization.
Methods
A retrospective study of inpatients at risk for suicide was based on nurse-rated suicide assessments documented in medical records at a large psychiatric hospital in southern China. Suicidality was assessed with the Nurses' Global Assessment of Suicide Risk (NGASR) every day (1–3) following admission. Reduction of suicidality from first- to third-day were compared by using McNemar’s Chi-square tests and T-tests, followed by logistic regression to identify correlates of having high risk on day 3 following admission.
Results
The sample (n = 562) showed a relatively high level of average suicidality (NGASR = 9.2 ± 3.3) at admission with 33.8% reporting a prior suicide attempt. Significant reductions in suicidality were apparent by the third hospital day compared to baseline with NGASR-5 change items score declining from 6.3 ± 2.8 to 4.6 ± 3.0 (p < .001, Cohen’s d = .578), indicating a moderately large change. Compared with those unemployed, being currently employed was associated with greater reduction in likelihood of being at high-risk on day 3 (OR = .568, 95%CI [.361, .895], p = .015).
Conclusion
This study demonstrates short-term substantial reduction in suicidality after only three days of hospitalization suggesting significant benefit from admission to a safe secure environment.
WITHDRAWN: No-tillage decreases GHG emissions by enhancing SOC and facilitating a stable methane-oxidizing bacterial community from an oilseed rape-rice system
Authors: Ma Mingkun , Yang Zepeng , Chen Shanghong , Liu Dinghui , Zheng Shenghua , Chen Honglin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Differences in farming practices can significantly impact the sustainable development of farmland, soil quality, and global warming potential (GWP). Although the effects of no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) management practices on GWP have been extensively studied, their effects on the oilseed rape-rice rotation system prevalent in China, particularly the microbial regulatory mechanisms involved, remain poorly understood.
Methods
The study was conducted over a 2-year cycle of an oilseed rape-rice rotation system. Soil greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration under NT and CT management practices were measured and compared. Additionally, high-throughput sequencing of soil methanogens and methane-oxidizing bacteria was carried out.
Results
Compared with CT, NT significantly reduced CH4, CO2, and N2O emissions by 21.2%, 16.9%, and 19.9%, respectively, and decreased the overall GWP by 17.5%. NT also increased the carbon efficiency ratio by 37.6% and significantly boosted soil organic carbon by 8.6% over the 2-year period. High-throughput sequencing revealed that NT significantly enhanced the diversity and abundance of methane-oxidizing microorganisms and altered the abundance of dominant genera compared to CT.
Conclusion
NT is a viable approach to lower CH4 emissions, enhance soil and crop carbon fixation, and increase the diversity of soil methane-oxidizing bacteria in oilseed rape-rice rotation fields. This practice offers substantial environmental benefits, contributing to the sustainable development of farmland and the mitigation of global warming potential.
Physicians’ Perspectives on Cancer-related Fatigue Management and Their Suggestions for Improvements in Medical Training: A Cross-sectional Survey Study in Germany
Authors: Wagner Anna , Wehlen Lena , Milzer Marlena , Schmidt Martina E. , Kiermeier Senta , Maatouk Imad , Steindorf Karen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Contrary to guidelines, many cancer patients are not screened for cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and do not receive information or adequate treatment. As physicians play a key role in cancer therapy, their knowledge of this common sequela and perspectives on its management are of major interest.
Methods: For an online survey, physicians working in oncology in Germany were systematically drawn from registers and invited by using institutional newsletters or colleagues. Descriptive analyses, logistic regression analysis of physicians’ knowledge, and Mann‒Whitney Utests were performed.
Results: Two-thirds of the 148 surveyed physicians felt (rather) well informed about CRF and capable of counseling patients. Although most of the physicians werenot aware of CRF-specific guidelines (68%), they rated the scientific evidence for recommending physical activity, exercise, and psychotherapeutic interventions in accordance with guidelines as being mostly (very) strong. However, despite 82.4% of the physicians being (rather) aware of its evidence, only 56.1% often to almost always recommended psychotherapeutic interventions. CRF was rarely covered in basic and specialist medical training. The completion of advanced training for palliative care increased the likelihood of knowing guidelines (OR=2.6, 95% CI [1.1-6.0], p<0.05). Suggestions for improving training included the mandatory coverage of CRF in medical training or its consideration in interprofessional supportive care workshops.
Conclusion: Although awareness and recommendation rates were adequate for some interventions in CRF treatment (such as physical activity), there were lower rates for others, including psychotherapy. To overcome this knowledge-to-practice gap and the overall scarcity of guidelines knowledge among physicians training on guidelines is needed.
Temperature dependent early-stage oxidation dynamics of Cu(100) film with faceted holes
Authors: Li Meng , Curnan Matthew T. , House Stephen D. , Saidi Wissam A. , Yang Judith C. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Fundamental understanding of surface oxidation dynamics is critical for rational corrosion protection and advanced manufacturing of nanostructured oxides. In situ Environmental TEM (ETEM) provides high spatial (nano- to atomic- scale) and temporal (< 0.1 second) resolution to investigate the early-stage oxidation/corrosion dynamics of metals and alloys. Thin samples with facets are widely used to enable cross-sectional observation of the oxidation dynamics in ETEM. However, how different facet orientations oxidize under the same conditions, and how these facets change the oxidation process, has not been investigated before. Using in situ ETEM, we systematically compare the oxidation dynamics of Cu(001) thin films, with faceted holes exposing {100} and {110} facets at temperatures ranging from 250–600 ˚C under 0.03 Pa O2. Oxidation preference is observed to change, from Cu(110) facets at lower temperatures to Cu(100) facets at ~ 500 ˚C. Oxide growth mechanisms change from outward growth on Cu2O surfaces at low temperatures, to inward growth on Cu-Cu2O interfaces at high temperatures. At high temperatures (500–600 ˚C), a rod-like Cu2O morphology is observed, with side facets of ~{024} and top facets of {100} on Cu(100). This differs from the square-shaped Cu2O exposing {110} facets formed on Cu(001) surfaces. Rod-like oxides exhibit directional growth along their lengths with linear growth rates, regardless of rod length and width. This suggests that O from Cu(001) surfaces, rather than Cu(100) facets, serves as an O source for oxide growth. These results show a direct comparison of oxidation at different orientations with temperature, underscoring the temperature dependence of oxidation preference. Our results also suggest future in situ ETEM experiments viewing oxidation corrosion cross-sectionally should be cautious when oxide size is comparable with sample thickness, as the oxidizing mechanism may change due to sample thickness.
Growth Of A Single MnCr2O4 Spinel On Ni-25Cr-1.5Mn Alloy By The Rhines Pack Method and Photoelectrochemical And Raman Signatures of MnCr2O4 Spinel
Authors: Perez T. , Mathieu S. , Latu-Romain L. , Wouters Y. , Vilasi M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

A single thin MnCr2O4 spinel layer was synthesized on a Ni-25Cr-1.5Mn alloy by a fine control of oxygen partial pressure using the Rhines pack method, a technique allowing a fine control of the oxygen partial pressure by an appropriate buffering powder mixture. The spinel was characterized using X-Ray Diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and photoelectrochemistry. The cubic spinel MnCr2O4 was formed under the oxygen partial pressure close to 5 x 10–21 atm. at 1050°C controlled by the buffering Ni-25Cr/Cr2O3 powder mixture. Raman MnCr2O4 spectrum is characterized by 5 vibrational modes whereas photoelectrochemical characterization revealed the MnCr2O4 band gap measurement at 3.7 eV with a n-type conductivity.
Deep image composition meets image forgery
Authors: Tahir Eren , Bal Mert 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Image forgery is a topic that has been studied for many years. Advances in deep learning have impacted image forgery detection as much as they have impacted other areas of computer vision and have improved the state of the art. Deep learning models require large amounts of labeled data for training. In the case of image forgery, labeled data at the pixel level is a very important factor for the models to learn. None of the existing datasets have sufficient size, realism and pixel-level labeling at the same time. This is due to the high cost of producing and labeling quality images. It can take hours for an image editing expert to manipulate just one image. To bridge this gap, data generation is automated using image composition techniques that are very related to image forgery. Unlike other automated data generation frameworks, state of the art image composition deep learning models are used to generate spliced images close to the quality of real-life manipulations. Finally, the generated dataset was tested on the SOTA image manipulation detection model and show that its prediction performance is lower compared to existing datasets, i.e. realistic images that are more difficult to detect were produced. Dataset is available at https://github.com/99eren99/DIS25k .