bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal and spatial precursors in ionospheric total electron content of the 16 October 1999 Mw7.1 Hector Mine earthquake
Authors: Su Y. C. , Liu J. Y. , Chen S. P. , Tsai H. F. , Chen M. Q. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn this paper, temporal and spatial analyses are employed to detect seismo‐ionospheric precursors (SIPs) in the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) during the 16 October 1999 Mw7.1 Hector Mine earthquake. To discriminate anomalies caused by global effects, such as solar radiations, magnetic storms, etc., and local effects, such as earthquake, we cross‐examine the GPS TECs and their gradients in the eastward and northward directions at epicenter/centers of the Hector Mine area and the other two reference areas at similar magnetic latitudes in Europe and Japan. Temporal variations of the northward TEC gradient suggest SIPs most likely appearing on days 6–5 before the earthquake. A global search by using the TEC of the global ionosphere map shows that the TEC increase and decrease anomalies continuously and specifically appear around the epicenter on day 5 before the earthquake.
GCMs‐based spatiotemporal evolution of climate extremes during the 21st century in China
Authors: Li Jianfeng , Zhang Qiang , Chen Yongqin David , Singh Vijay P. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractChanges in the hydrological cycle being caused by human‐induced global warming are triggering variations in observed spatiotemporal distributions of precipitation and temperature extremes, and hence in droughts and floods across China. Evaluation of future climate extremes based on General Circulation Models (GCMs) outputs will be of great importance in scientific management of water resources and agricultural activities. In this study, five precipitation extreme and five temperature extreme indices are defined. This study analyzes daily precipitation and temperature data for 1960–2005 from 529 stations in China and outputs of GCMs from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 3 (CMIP3) and Phase 5 (CMIP5). Downscaling methods, based on QQ‐plot and transfer functions, are used to downscale GCMs outputs to the site scale. Performances of GCMs in simulating climate extremes were evaluated using the Taylor diagram. Results showed that: (1) the multimodel CMIP5 ensemble performs the best in simulating observed extreme conditions; (2) precipitation processes are intensifying with increased frequency and intensity across entire China. The southwest China, however, is dominated by lengthening maximum consecutive dry days and also more heavy precipitation extremes; (3) warming processes continue with increasing warm nights, decreasing frost days, and lengthening heat waves during the 21st century; (4) changes in precipitation and temperature extremes exhibit larger changing magnitudes under RCP85 scenario; (5) for the evolution of changes in extremes, in most cases, the spatial pattern keeps the same, even though changing rates vary. In some cases, area with specific changing properties extends or shrinks gradually. The directions of trends may alter during the evolution; and (6) changes under RCP85 become more and more pronounced as time elapses. Under the peak‐and‐decline RCP26, changes in some cases do not decrease correspondingly during 2070–2099 even though the radiative forcing during 2070–2099 is less than during 2040–2069. The increase of radiative forcing triggers considerable regional variations in consecutive dry days, but causes only slight changes in the areal average in China. The results of this study imply higher flood risk across entire China but intensifying droughts in south China in the 21st century, and also more heat‐related losses in east coasts of China.
Comparative study of voiding and male sexual function following open and laparoscopic total mesorectal excision in patients with rectal cancer
Authors: Hur Hyuk , Bae Sung Uk , Kim Nam Kyu , Min Byung Soh , Baik Seung Hyuk , Lee Kang Young , Kim Young Tae , Choi Young Deuk 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to compare voiding and male sexual dysfunction between open and laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery.MethodsNinety‐seven patients (62 male and 35 female) who underwent open (n = 41) or laparoscopic (n = 56) surgery for rectal cancer were prospectively enrolled. Urine flowmetry, the international prostate symptom score, and the international index of erectile function were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively.ResultsVoiding function score increased 1 month after surgery (open: 9.3 ± 4.6 to 14.0 ± 8.2, laparoscopic: 8.3 ± 5.3 to 12.3 ± 5.2; P = 0.002 and P < 0.001). The score was even higher in both groups after 6 months, but the increases were not statistically significant (open: 9.9 ± 4.5, laparoscopic: 9.2 ± 5.6; P = 0.546 and P = 0.280). Male patients who underwent open surgery (n = 22) experienced declining sexual function until 12 months post surgery (before: 55.2 ± 9.8, 12 months: 48.7 ± 15.9, P = 0.031). In laparoscopic group (n = 28), sexual function decreased until 6 months after surgery, but rose again by 12 months (before: 55.4 ± 9.0, 12 months: 52.2 ± 11.7, P = 0.134).ConclusionsVoiding dysfunction recovered after 6 months following both open and laparoscopic surgery. Male sexual function recovered more quickly in laparoscopic group and returned to preoperative levels after 12 months. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013; 108:572–578. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Focusing surface plasmon polariton wave packets in space and time
Authors: Wang Lei‐Ming , Petek Hrvoje 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe spatiotemporal focusing of surface plasmon polariton (SPP) wave packets (WPs) by planar plasmonic‐lens coupling structures is described using combined femtosecond interferometric time‐resolved photoemission electron microscopy (ITR‐PEEM) imaging and model simulations. The focusing properties of lens structures inscribed lithographically into Ag films depend on the angle of incidence of the excitation field. Severe aberrations are introduced by the phase delay in the interaction of obliquely incident plane waves with the commonly employed circular arc‐shaped lens structures. It is shown that the aberration can be corrected by accounting for propagation delays caused by the incidence angle‐dependent retardation of the optical field‐lens structure interaction. The focusing of SPP‐WPs in both space and time is demonstrated with aberration corrected lens structures.
Non‐enzymatic glycation and glycoxidation protein products in foods and diseases: An interconnected, complex scenario fully open to innovative proteomic studies
Authors: Arena Simona , Salzano Anna Maria , Renzone Giovanni , D'Ambrosio Chiara , Scaloni Andrea 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe Maillard reaction includes a complex network of processes affecting food and biopharmaceutical products; it also occurs in living organisms and has been strictly related to cell aging, to the pathogenesis of several (chronic) diseases, such as diabetes, uremia, cataract, liver cirrhosis and various neurodegenerative pathologies, as well as to peritoneal dialysis treatment. Dozens of compounds are involved in this process, among which a number of protein‐adducted derivatives that have been simplistically defined as early, intermediate and advanced glycation end‐products. In the last decade, various bottom‐up proteomic approaches have been successfully used for the identification of glycation/glycoxidation protein targets as well as for the characterization of the corresponding adducts, including assignment of the modified amino acids. This article provides an updated overview of the mass spectrometry‐based procedures developed to this purpose, emphasizing their partial limits with respect to current proteomic approaches for the analysis of other post‐translational modifications. These limitations are mainly related to the concomitant sheer diversity, chemical complexity, and variable abundance of the various derivatives to be characterized. Some challenges to scientists are finally proposed for future proteomic investigations to solve main drawbacks in this research field. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 33: 49–77, 2014.
Effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on crypt morphology in normal colon mucosa: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Shen Huafeng , Ahearn Thomas U. , Bostick Roberd M. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractCalcium and vitamin D modify the molecular phenotypic profiles of colon crypts in the normal colorectal mucosa of colorectal adenoma patients, but their effects on crypt morphology (length, perimeter, and area) are unknown. We analyzed data from a previously conducted pilot, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled 2 × 2 factorial chemoprevention clinical trial of supplemental calcium 2000 mg/d and vitamin D3 800 IU/d, alone and in combination, versus placebo over 6 mo. Colorectal crypt length, perimeter, and area in the normal‐appearing rectal mucosa were quantified by image analysis. The mean crypt length increased by 1% (P = 0.92) in the calcium group, and decreased by 2% (P = 0.69) and 4% (P = 0.40) in the vitamin D and calcium plus vitamin D groups, respectively, relative to the placebo group. The mean crypt perimeter decreased by 2% (P = 0.70) and 4% (P = 0.40) in the vitamin D and calcium plus vitamin D groups, respectively, relative to the placebo group, but did not change appreciably in the calcium group. The mean crypt area decreased by 2% (P = 0.74), 5% (P = 0.41) and 7% (P = 0.30) in the calcium, vitamin D and calcium plus vitamin D groups, respectively, relative to the placebo group. Calcium and/or vitamin D3 supplementation do not appear to appreciably change crypt morphology in the normal colorectal mucosa of sporadic adenoma patients. These results, taken together with previous findings, support the use of molecular phenotypic over morphologic pre‐neoplastic biomarkers of risk for colorectal neoplasms. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dynamic response of double beam rested on stochastic foundation under harmonic moving load
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Saeed , Esmaeili Morteza , Mehrali Mohammad 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARYThis paper deals with the dynamic response of infinite double Euler–Bernoulli beam supported by elastic foundation with stochastic stiffness subjected to an oscillating moving load, which is the first research in relevant literature review. In this matter, equations of motion for double beam are formulated in a moving frame of reference. Moreover, by employing the first order perturbation theory and calculating contour integration, the response of double beam is obtained analytically and validated by a stochastic finite element model. Sensitivity analyses on the various parameters of closed form solution such as velocity, load frequency, coefficient of variation of soil foundation and rail and slab bending stiffness show the significant effect of load frequency on the dynamic response of the doubled beam. From practical point of view, the obtained results of the present study can be utilized efficiently in analysis and design of slab track systems. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diabetes mellitus does not affect the efficacy and safety of intravesical onabotulinumtoxina injection in patients with refractory detrusor overactivity
Authors: Wang Chung‐Cheng , Liao Chun‐Hou , Kuo Hann‐Chorng 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAimsTo investigate the efficacy and safety of intravesical onabotulinumtoxinA injection in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and refractory detrusor overactivity (DO).MethodsForty‐eight type 2 DM patients with refractory DO received intravesical 100 U onabotulinumtoxinA injection. Another 48 age‐matched patients were randomly selected from a non‐diabetic group as controls. Video‐urodynamic studies were performed at baseline and were repeated 3 months after treatment. The treatment outcomes were graded on the basis of changes in the Patient's Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC) and a PPBC decrease of 2 or more points was considered successful. Treatment‐related adverse events including acute urinary retention, large post‐voiding residual (PVR) volumes, straining to void, urinary tract infection, hematuria, and general weakness were recorded.ResultsThe mean ages of the diabetic and non‐diabetic patients were 73.1 ± 8.8 and 72.0 ± 9.3 (P = 0.552), respectively. The changes of urodynamic parameters were comparable between the two groups. Similar successful results were noted at the 6‐month follow‐up (DM, 56% vs. non‐DM, 61%, P = 0.128). Diabetic patients had a significantly greater incidence of large PVR volumes (DM, 60.4% vs. non‐DM, 33.3%; P = 0.007) and general weakness (DM, 10.4% vs. non‐DM, 0%; P = 0.03) after treatment. Baseline urodynamic parameters in diabetic patients did not predict the occurrence of adverse events. No major complication was noted in either group.ConclusionsIntravesical onabotulinumtoxinA injection is a safe and effective treatment for DM patients with refractory DO. Patients with DM should be informed of the increased risk of large PVR before initiation of treatment. Neurourol. Urodynam. 33:1235–1239, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Syndecan‐1 (CD138) contributes to prostate cancer progression by stabilizing tumour‐initiating cells
Authors: Shimada Keiji , Anai Satoshi , Fujii Tomomi , Tanaka Nobumichi , Fujimoto Kiyohide , Konishi Noboru 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests that tumour‐initiating cells (TICs) contribute to the development of prostate cancer. Here, we identified syndecan‐1 as a key molecule maintaining the stability of prostate cancer TICs. Holoclones harbouring the biological properties of stemness were derived from single‐cell cultures of the PC3 human prostate cancer cell line. These holoclones over‐expressed syndecan‐1, but showed reduced expression of NADPH oxidase (NOX) and synthesis of hydrogen peroxide and oxygen radicals. Stable RNA‐mediated silencing of syndecan‐1 gene expression up‐regulated NOX‐dependent generation of reactive oxygen species and reduced the survival of holoclones in vitro. Syndecan‐1 down‐regulation also strongly reduced the number of CD133+/CD44+ primitive cancer cells and tumour growth in vivo. Interestingly, syndecan‐1 gene knockdown significantly enhanced the tumour‐suppressive effects of docetaxel by inhibiting the docetaxel‐induced increase in CD133+/CD44+ cells in vivo. In the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mouse model of prostate cancer, early intervention with a syndecan‐1 inhibitor (OGT2115) or syndecan‐1 RNAi reduced the incidence of adenocarcinoma and the number of c‐kit+/CD44+ cells in cancer foci. Finally, we found that syndecan‐1 immunopositivity in prostate cancer cells was significantly associated with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Taken together, our results show that syndecan‐1 contributes to prostatic carcinogenesis by maintaining TICs and may be a target molecule for therapy. Copyright © 2013 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitative Analysis of Amygdalin and Prunasin in Prunus serotina Ehrh. using 1H‐NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Santos Pimenta Lúcia P. , Schilthuizen Menno , Verpoorte Robert , Choi Young Hae 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTIntroductionPrunus serotina is native to North America but has been invasively introduced in Europe since the seventeenth century. This plant contains cyanogenic glycosides that are believed to be related to its success as an invasive plant. For these compounds, chromatographic‐ or spectrometric‐based (targeting on HCN hydrolysis) methods of analysis have been employed so far. However, the conventional methods require tedious preparation steps and a long measuring time.ObjectiveTo develop a fast and simple method to quantify the cyanogenic glycosides, amygdalin and prunasin in dried Prunus serotina leaves without any pre‐purification steps using 1H‐NMR spectroscopy.MethodsExtracts of Prunus serotina leaves using CH3OH‐d4 and KH2PO4 buffer in D2O (1:1) were quantitatively analysed for amygdalin and prunasin using 1H‐NMR spectroscopy. Different internal standards were evaluated for accuracy and stability. The purity of quantitated 1H‐NMR signals was evaluated using several two‐dimensional NMR experiments.ResultsTrimethylsilylpropionic acid sodium salt‐d4 proved most suitable as the internal standard for quantitative 1H‐NMR analysis. Two‐dimensional J‐resolved NMR was shown to be a useful tool to confirm the structures and to check for possible signal overlapping with the target signals for the quantitation. Twenty‐two samples of P. serotina were subsequently quantitatively analysed for the cyanogenic glycosides prunasin and amygdalin.ConclusionThe NMR method offers a fast, high‐throughput analysis of cyanogenic glycosides in dried leaves permitting simultaneous quantification and identification of prunasin and amygdalin in Prunus serotina. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparative Isolation of six Anti‐Tumour Biflavonoids from Selaginella Doederleinii Hieron by High‐Speed Counter‐Current Chromatography
Authors: Li Shaoguang , Zhao Meifeng , Li Yuxiang , Sui Yuxia , Yao Hong , Huang Liying , Lin Xinhua 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTIntroductionBiflavonoids are the primary constituents of Selaginella doederleinii Hieron, to which different bioactivities have been attributed, including anti‐cancer, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidant, anti‐fungal and anti‐virus activity. However, effective methods for separation of these compounds are not currently available.ObjectiveTo develop a high performance and bioassay‐guided method for preparative isolation of biflavonoids from S. doederleini via high‐speed counter‐current chromatography (HSCCC).MethodsThe anti‐proliferation effects of four fractions (70% ethanol, petroleum ether, dichloromethane and acetic ether extracts) of S. doederleinii on five human cancer cells were monitored. The dichloromethane and acetic ether extracts showed good cytotoxicities to the studied cancer cell lines, guiding the subsequent separation. Two solvent systems composed of n‐hexane:ethyl acetate:methanol:water (1:2:1.5:1.5, v/v) and n‐hexane:ethyl acetate:methanol:water (3:2:3:2, v/v) were developed for separation of the active fractions, respectively. Identification of the biflavonoids was performed by EI‐MSn, 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR.'ResultsUnder the optimised conditions, 12.6 mg amentoflavone (91.4%), 6.6 mg robustaflavone (90.4%), 7.5 mg 2'', 3''‐dihydro‐3', 3'''‐biapigenin (98.2%) and 7.3 mg 3', 3'''‐binaringenin (90.3%) from acetic ether extract (500 mg) and 6.3 mg heveaflavone (93.5%) and 5.3 mg 7, 4', 7'', 4'''‐tetra‐O‐methyl‐amentoflavone (94.5%) from dichloromethane extract (200 mg) were obtained, respectively. The anti‐proliferation effects of the six biflavonoids on the five human cancer cells were further verified.ConclusionThe study provides methodological references for simultaneously preparative isolation of several bioactive biflavones from the herbal family of Selaginella. It is the first report discovering 2'', 3''‐dihydro‐3', 3'''‐biapigenin and 3', 3'''‐binaringenin from this herb and describing their cytotoxicities to human cancer cell lines. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Dalton quantum chemistry program system
Authors: Aidas Kestutis , Angeli Celestino , Bak Keld L. , Bakken Vebjørn , Bast Radovan , Boman Linus , Christiansen Ove , Cimiraglia Renzo , Coriani Sonia , Dahle Pål , Dalskov Erik K. , Ekström Ulf , Enevoldsen Thomas , Eriksen Janus J. , Ettenhuber Patrick , Fernández Berta , Ferrighi Lara , Fliegl Heike , Frediani Luca , Hald Kasper , Halkier Asger , Hättig Christof , Heiberg Hanne , Helgaker Trygve , Hennum Alf Christian , Hettema Hinne , Hjertenæs Eirik , Høst Stinne , Høyvik Ida‐Marie , Iozzi Maria Francesca , Jansík Branislav , Jensen Hans Jørgen Aa. , Jonsson Dan , Jørgensen Poul , Kauczor Joanna , Kirpekar Sheela , Kjærgaard Thomas , Klopper Wim , Knecht Stefan , Kobayashi Rika , Koch Henrik , Kongsted Jacob , Krapp Andreas , Kristensen Kasper , Ligabue Andrea , Lutnæs Ola B. , Melo Juan I. , Mikkelsen Kurt V. , Myhre Rolf H. , Neiss Christian , Nielsen Christian B. , Norman Patrick , Olsen Jeppe , Olsen Jógvan Magnus H. , Osted Anders , Packer Martin J. , Pawlowski Filip , Pedersen Thomas B. , Provasi Patricio F. , Reine Simen , Rinkevicius Zilvinas , Ruden Torgeir A. , Ruud Kenneth , Rybkin Vladimir V. , Sałek Pawel , Samson Claire C. M. , de Merás Alfredo Sánchez , Saue Trond , Sauer Stephan P. A. , Schimmelpfennig Bernd , Sneskov Kristian , Steindal Arnfinn H. , Sylvester‐Hvid Kristian O. , Taylor Peter R. , Teale Andrew M. , Tellgren Erik I. , Tew David P. , Thorvaldsen Andreas J. , Thøgersen Lea , Vahtras Olav , Watson Mark A. , Wilson David J. D. , Ziolkowski Marcin , Ågren Hans 
Published: October 2013

Dalton is a powerful general‐purpose program system for the study of molecular electronic structure at the Hartree–Fock, Kohn–Sham, multiconfigurational self‐consistent‐field, Møller–Plesset, configuration‐interaction, and coupled‐cluster levels of theory. Apart from the total energy, a wide variety of molecular properties may be calculated using these electronic‐structure models. Molecular gradients and Hessians are available for geometry optimizations, molecular dynamics, and vibrational studies, whereas magnetic resonance and optical activity can be studied in a gauge‐origin‐invariant manner. Frequency‐dependent molecular properties can be calculated using linear, quadratic, and cubic response theory. A large number of singlet and triplet perturbation operators are available for the study of one‐, two‐, and three‐photon processes. Environmental effects may be included using various dielectric‐medium and quantum‐mechanics/molecular‐mechanics models. Large molecules may be studied using linear‐scaling and massively parallel algorithms. Dalton is distributed at no cost from http://www.daltonprogram.org for a number of UNIX platforms.This article is categorized under:

Software > Quantum Chemistry
A self‐adjusting expandable GPS collar for male elk
Authors: Dick Brian L. , Findholt Scott L. , Johnson Bruce K. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTIt is a challenge to use collars on male cervids because their neck size can increase substantially during the rut and also because of growth as the animal matures. We describe how to build a self‐adjusting expandable collar for yearling or adult male Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) to which very high frequency transmitters and global positioning system (GPS) units can be attached. We evaluated performance and durability of 35 expandable collars placed on male elk from 2009 through 2011 within the Starkey Experimental Forest and Range enclosure, Northeast Oregon, USA. Twenty‐four (69%) collars remained on elk throughout our sampling period for GPS fixes from March or April to 1 November each year. Eight (23%) collars broke before 1 November and 3 (9%) collars were removed when males were harvested by hunters. Six of 8 collars that broke before 1 November came off during the rut. Mean date these collars broke was 19 September (SE = 7.1 days, 95% CI = 1 Sept. to 7 Oct.). Excluding 1 collar still being worn by a male elk and those collars either recovered when males were harvested by hunters (3) or removed from adult males on the winter feed ground (7), mean number of days collars stayed on was 279 (SE = 25.5, 95% CI = 225.8–331.3 days). No deaths or injuries were attributed to the collars. Because these collars can break, especially during the rut, we recommend sample sizes of males be increased ≥25% to compensate for collars that may come off during that period. Collars are not recommended for multi‐year studies of male elk without substantial modifications to our design and further testing. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.