bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Principles inhalalpurchasing
Authors: Tieman Marco , Che Ghazali Maznah 
Published: August 2013

Purpose– The purpose of this conceptual article is to investigate the application ofhalalin purchasing.Design/methodology/approach– This article provides a discussion on the implications ofhalalfor the purchasing function, in particular the purchasing portfolio matrix of Kraljic and the purchasing process model of van Weele.Findings–Halalleads to stronger partnerships with suppliers (strategic and leverage products) and adopting various strategies to secure continuity of supply (bottleneck products). Therefore, conventional commodity categories in certain industries can be allocated different forhalalcertified products and services, resulting in possible different product and supplier strategies.Halalrequirements also have impact on the purchasing process; its tactical and operational purchasing activities.Research limitations/implications– This conceptual paper shows thathalalhas implications for the procurement strategy and purchasing process, key components of the procurement function. However, more empirical research is needed through case study research and focus groups to better understand the challenges and solutions surrounding the sourcing practices ofhalalcertified companies.Practical implications– Forhalalcertified companies it is important to extendhalaltowards purchasing. Effective alignment is required between thehalalpolicy, procurement strategy and purchasing process. A procurement organisation can progress in three stages, from viewinghalalcompliance as opportunity, making its supply chainshalal, to making its value chainhalal.Originality/value– Purchasing is an important marketing discipline in defining the buyer supplier relationship. This study contributes to the understanding of the purchasing function in ahalalsupply chain and value chain. It is the first study investigating the application ofhalalin purchasing.
Giving behaviors in Indonesia: motives and marketing implications for Islamic charities
Authors: Awaliah Kasri Rahmatina 
Published: August 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the motives and giving behaviours of donors towards Islamic charities in Indonesia by using various demographic, socio-economic, psychographic and motivational/situational characteristics. Based on these analyses, relevant marketing implications are also discussed. The study hopes to enrich Islamic marketing literature and contribute further to the understanding of marketing within the context of the Islamic voluntary sector.

Design/methodology/approach
– This empirical paper primarily employs a quantitative approach in analysing the giving behaviours. The primary data is gathered through a survey conducted in January 2011 involving 300 Indonesian Muslim donors. The results are analysed with descriptive and correlation statistics.

Findings
– First, the analysis highlights that the main causes for charitable giving are to help the poor/needy and support religious causes. Second, most of the donors provide funds through “informal” Islamic charities. Third, most of the individual donors are young, educated and possess strong humanitarian concerns. Interestingly, although there is a positive correlation between income and donation, individuals who donate more are not the rich but the middle-income earners. Finally, there is evidence to indicate that donors may increase donations even during economic crisis.

Practical implications
– Understanding donor's characteristics and behaviours are essential in designing and implementing an effective marketing framework, which is expected to retain and manage long-term supportive relationships with the donors. Relationship marketing framework and branding strategy are also worth considered for this purpose.

Originality/value
– Few studies analyse Islamic charities in the modern marketing perspective, especially in Indonesia. This study, therefore, fills the gap in the research area.
Foreign direct investment and stock market development in Pakistan
Authors: Abdul Malik Ihtisham , Amjad Shehla 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the impact of FDI on the stock market development in Pakistan, both aggregate as well as sector wise, the reason being that no such work has been carried out in this context.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on secondary data for the period 1985‐2011. Johansen co‐integration approach is used for determining relationship among variables for aggregate stock market development in long run. Granger causality test is also applied to check the causal relation between the variables. Correlation analysis and regression analysis has been used for examining the relationship of sector wise development, FDI and economic growth in Pakistan.FindingsThe results support the positive role of FDI in boosting the aggregate stock market development in long run. Bi‐directional causality between FDI and economic growth has been found along with the uni‐directional causality between aggregate stock market development and economic growth. For sector wise development the relationship of FDI is positive in the sectors where FDI concentration is high in recent years whereas and negative in other sectors.Originality/valueCo‐integration coefficients showed a positive and statistically strong relationship between FDI and aggregate market capitalization thus reflecting the complementary role of FDI in the stock market development of Pakistan.
WTO post Doha: trade deadlocks and protectionism
Authors: Ezeani Elimma 
Published: August 2013

PurposeAt its inception, the Doha Round offered the hope of a more inclusive World Trade Organisation (WTO); one where developing countries in particular envisioned would allow them the policy space to enable their socio‐economic advancement even as they carried out their obligations as Member States of the rules‐based international trade system. While the rewards of this novel development round are awaited, WTO Member States are making a marked shift away from the foundation principles of multilateralism on non‐discriminatory treatment, and pursuing independent trade deals outside the rules. An emerging acceptance of this shift comes with an idea that countries can converge after divergence – that alternatives to multilateralism can still yield agreements that will operate in a multilateral rules‐based framework, post Doha. To this end, this article reviews the challenges facing the Doha negotiations as it pertains to developing country concerns and the shortcomings of the existing development framework. It critically examines the issues arising from the stalemate of the Doha negotiations and the efforts of the international trading system to continue engaging in trade in the face of globalisation, increasing unemployment, decreased wages and living standards in the backdrop of a global recession. It examines the emerging convergence theory which recognises departures from the uniform trading arrangements under multilateralism, without recognising this as a tacit acceptance of a return to protectionism with its consequences. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachReference is made to primary and secondary research material on the subject including WTO rules and agreements.FindingsThe article finds that the stalemate in this Doha Round reveals more than just dissatisfaction between Member States on the nature and scope of the rules that must guide their global trading activities. It reveals the fragility of rules and the potential inefficacy of a system that attempts to regulate nebulous activity – trade in the face of divergent needs and concerns.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is library/desk based.Originality/valueThis work is an original contribution and is not under consideration elsewhere.
Chemical composition and nutritional value of saffron's pollen (Crocus sativus L.)
Authors: Mohamadi Sani Ali , Hemmati Kakhki Abbas , Moradi Elahe 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition of saffron's pollen.Design/methodology/approachA 30 kg sample of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) was collected at the end of November from a farm in a village in the suburb of Gonabad, in Khorasan Razavi, in Iran. Then the pollens were separated from the flowers and stored at −15°C in airtight containers until the analyze. The proximate composition of the pollen was determined by using standard methods of food analysis. The samples of ash were used for the subsequent determination of potassium, magnesium, sodium, calcium, zinc, iron, copper and manganese by using atomic absorption.FindingsResults showed the chemical composition as follows: moisture (12.50 percent), ash (9.5 percent), crude fiber (7.4 percent), crude fat (5.8 percent), crude protein (23.6 percent) and total carbohydrate (20 percent). Saffron's pollen is a good source of minerals such as potassium (57,460 ppm), magnesium (3,357.5 ppm), sodium (1,100 ppm), calcium (600 ppm), zinc (100.75 ppm), iron (194 ppm), copper (53.2 ppm) and manganese (48.5 ppm).Originality/valueThe composition and nutritional value of saffron's pollen had not been determined before.
Why people use social media: a uses and gratifications approach
Authors: Whiting Anita , Williams David 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThis paper seeks to demonstrate the importance of uses and gratifications theory to social media. By applying uses and gratifications theory, this paper will explore and discuss the uses and gratifications that consumer receive from using social media. This paper seeks to provide a better and more comprehensive understanding of why consumers use social media.Design/methodology/approachExploratory study was conducted. 25 in‐depth interviews were conducted with individuals who use social media.FindingsThis study identified ten uses and gratifications for using social media. The ten uses and gratifications are: social interaction, information seeking, pass time, entertainment, relaxation, communicatory utility, convenience utility, expression of opinion, information sharing, and surveillance/knowledge about others.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations are small sample size. Research implications are that uses and gratifications theory has specific relevance to social media and should be given more prominence. Uses and gratifications theory helps explain the many and varied reasons why consumers use social media.Practical implicationsThis paper helps organizations to understand why consumers use social media and what gratifications they receive from social media.Originality/valueThis paper makes the contribution that uses and gratifications theory has specific relevance and should be given more prominence within the area of social media. This paper also provides a rich and vivid understanding of why consumers use social media.
Toward an age-friendly city: the constraints preventing the elderly's participation in community programs in Akita city
Authors: Kadoya Yoshihiko 
Published: August 2013

Purpose
– The inclusion of the elderly in community life is a major factor in achieving an age-friendly city. However, there has been little research investigating the constraints preventing the elderly's interaction with society. With that in mind, this paper is pioneering the investigation of such constraints.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper used the results from the “Questionnaire towards an Age-Friendly City” by Japan's Akita City, a member of the World Health Organization (WHO)'s Global Network of Age-friendly Cities and Communities.

Findings
– This paper reveals two constraining factors. First, living solo discourages elderly to interact with society. Second, the elderly who cannot drive a car tend to be reluctant to participate in social activities.

Practical implications
– To be age-friendly that encourages the elderly to participate in community life, municipalities may apply the following “implementations for practice”: implementing regular visits to the elderly who live alone; giving young people some incentives (e.g. tax reductions) to live with their aged parents/relatives; increasing the number of community buses in order to encourage the elderly to go out; and increasing community taxis by deregulating the industry.

Originality/value
– This paper contributes significantly to the study of the elderly's inclusion in community life, which is a major component of an age-friendly city. Although little research has analyzed the constraints preventing the elderly's social interaction due to data limitations, this pioneering paper identifies at least some of the constraints. This research can help to improve the health and wellbeing of elderly individuals in our society and it can help to create more age-friendly cities.
HDAC inhibitors restore C‐fibre sensitivity in experimental neuropathic pain model
Authors: Matsushita Yosuke , Araki Kohei , Omotuyi Olaposi idowu , Mukae Takehiro , Ueda Hiroshi 
Published: August 2013

Background and PurposeHypoesthesia is a clinical feature of neuropathic pain. The feature is partly explained by the evidence of epigenetic repression of Nav1.8 sodium channel in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG).Experimental ApproachWe investigated the possibility of trichostatin A (TSA), valproic acid (VPA) and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) to reverse the unique C‐fibre sensitivity observed following partial ligation of sciatic nerve in mice.Key ResultsNerve injury‐induced down‐regulation of DRG Nav1.8 sodium channel and C‐fibre‐related hypoesthesia were reversed by TSA, VPA and SAHA treatments, which inhibit histone deacetylase (HDAC), and increase histone acetylation at the regulatory sequence of Nav1.8.Conclusions and ImplicationsTaken together, these studies provide the evidence that hypoesthesia and underlying down‐regulation of Nav1.8, negative symptoms observed in nerve injury‐induced neuropathic pain models are regulated by an epigenetic chromatin remodelling through HDAC‐related machineries.
Refuge‐Effect Hypothesis and the Demise of the Dodo
Authors: ROBERTS DAVID L. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe Dodo was last sighted on the inshore island of Ile d'Ambre in 1662, nearly 25 years after the previous sighting on the mainland of Mauritius. It has been suggested that its survival on the inshore island is representative of the refuge effect. Understanding what constitutes significant persistence is fundamental to conservation. I tested the refuge‐effect hypothesis for the persistence of the Dodo (Raphus cucullatus) on an inshore island beyond that of the mainland population. For a location to be considered a refuge, most current definitions suggest that both spatial and temporal isolation from the cause of disturbance are required. These results suggest the island was not a refuge for the Dodo because the sighting in 1662 was not temporally isolated from that of the mainland sightings. Furthermore, with only approximately 350 m separating Ile d'Ambre from the mainland of Mauritius, it is unlikely this population of Dodos was spatially isolated.Hipótesis del Efecto Refugio y la Desaparición del Dodo
Hume's Foundational Project in the Treatise
Authors: Boehm Miren 
Published: August 2013

Abstract: In the Introduction to the Treatise Hume very enthusiastically announces his project to provide a secure and solid foundation for the sciences by grounding them on his science of man. And Hume indicates in the Abstract that he carries out this project in the Treatise. But most interpreters do not believe that Hume's project comes to fruition. In this paper, I offer a general reading of what I call Hume's ‘foundational project’ in the Treatise, but I focus especially on Book 1. I argue that in Book 1 much of Hume's logic is put in the service of the other sciences, in particular, mathematics and natural philosophy. I concentrate on Hume's negative thesis that many of the ideas central to the sciences are ideas that we cannot form. For Hume, this negative thesis has implications for the sciences, as many of the texts I discuss make evident. I consider and criticize different proposals for understanding these implications: the Criterion of Meaning and the ‘Inconceivability Principle’. I introduce what I call Hume's ‘No Reason to Believe’ Principle, which I argue captures more adequately the link Hume envisions between his logic, in particular his examination of ideas, and the other sciences.
Laundry routine and resource consumption in Australia
Authors: Jack Tullia 
Published: August 2013

AbstractInconspicuous consumption, the habitual use of resources in daily routines, poses a challenge to sustainable consumption. For example, laundry is often the most environmentally demanding stage of clothing's life cycle, consuming significant quantities of water, energy and chemicals. Laundry thus provides a prime example of inconspicuous consumption, from which to consider sustainability transitions. However, because of the mundane nature of washing clothes, it is sometimes over looked in sustainable fashion literature.This paper presents the results of surveying 263 Australians about their jeans, laundry habits and resource consumption, to build a picture of the expectations and actions surrounding the performance of cleanliness in everyday life. These surveys are triangulated against in‐depth interviews with people who had not washed their jeans for three months revealing qualitative insights into influences of laundry practice. This paper documents how and why people perform laundry. An interesting finding is that people can not wash and still be socially acceptable, suggesting that cleanliness is a cultural construct, the pursuit of which increases the use of water, energy and chemicals, in conflict with sustainable consumption goals.
Drivers of clothing disposal in the US: An exploration of the role of personal attributes and behaviours in frequent disposal
Authors: Lang Chunmin , Armstrong Cosette M. , Brannon Laura A. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractClothing products remain important in today's consumer culture, but the sustainability of that consumption is questionable, as it often leads to excess waste. The purpose of this study was to explore the drivers of clothing waste, and to investigate the influence of demographic factors and personal attributes on disposal frequency. An online survey was conducted to over 500 men and women in the US from three different generational cohorts. The survey investigated fashion trend sensitivity, shopping frequency, quality and price consciousness as well as demographic factors, utilizing 5‐point Likert scales. On the basis of literature, seven hypotheses were developed. Correlational analysis, independent t‐test and one‐way analysis of variance were conducted to test the hypotheses. Results indicate that fashion trend sensitivity, fashion shopping frequency, higher incomes, younger age groups and being female are all positively correlated with frequent clothing disposal. Interestingly, quality consciousness was positively correlated to frequent clothing disposal, while price consciousness was negatively related to clothing disposal frequency. This study contributes to the literature by providing a more specific examination of the drivers of frequent clothing disposal and providing empirical evidence to support previous exploratory studies.
Regenerative treatment of male stress urinary incontinence by periurethral injection of autologous adipose‐derived regenerative cells: 1‐year outcomes in 11 patients
Authors: Gotoh Momokazu , Yamamoto Tokunori , Kato Masashi , Majima Tsuyoshi , Toriyama Kazuhiro , Kamei Yuzuru , Matsukawa Yoshihisa , Hirakawa Akihiro , Funahashi Yasuhito 
Published: August 2013

ObjectivesTo assess the efficacy and safety of a novel cell therapy for male stress urinary incontinence consisting of periurethral injection of autologous adipose‐derived regenerative cells, and to determine the 1‐year outcomes.MethodsA total of 11 male patients with persistent stress urinary incontinence after prostate surgery were included in the study. The Celution system was used to isolate adipose‐derived regenerative cells from abdominal adipose tissue obtained by liposuction. Subsequently, these regenerative cells, and a mixture of regenerative cells and adipose tissue were transurethrally injected into the rhabdosphincter and submucosal space of the urethra, respectively. The 1‐year outcomes were assessed using a 24‐h pad test, a validated patient questionnaire, urethral pressure profile, transrectal ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsStress urinary incontinence improved progressively in eight patients during the 1‐year follow up, as determined by a 59.8% decrease in the leakage volume in the 24‐h pad test, decreased frequency and amount of incontinence, and improved quality of life. One patient achieved total continence. The mean maximum urethral closing pressure and functional profile length increased from 35.5 to 44.7 cmH2O, and from 20.4 to 26.0 mm, respectively. Magnetic resonance imaging showed the sustained presence of the injected adipose tissue, and enhanced ultrasonography showed a progressive increase in blood flow to the injected area in all patients. No significant adverse events were observed peri‐ or postoperatively.ConclusionPeriurethral injection of autologous adipose‐derived regenerative cells might represent a safe and feasible treatment modality for male stress urinary incontinence.
Mitonuclear discordance in genetic structure across the Atlantic/Indian Ocean biogeographical transition zone
Authors: Teske Peter R. , Papadopoulos Isabelle , Barker Nigel P. , McQuaid Christopher D. , Beheregaray Luciano B. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAimBased on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) data, many organisms with ranges spanning multiple biogeographical regions exhibit genetic structure across the transition zones between these regions, while others appear to be genetically homogenous. No clear link has been found between the presence or absence of such spatial genetic discontinuities and species' dispersal potential, confounding the formulation of general predictions concerning genetic structure. The fact that discrepancies between mtDNA and nuclear markers are common across semi‐permeable barriers suggests that a lack of structure could be attributable to mtDNA‐specific properties of inheritance. We re‐examined genetic structure in the coastal crab Hymenosoma orbiculare, a species that is represented by a single mtDNA lineage across the Atlantic/Indian Ocean biogeographical transition zone, by comparing mtDNA data with nuclear DNA data.LocationSouth Africa's cool‐temperate and warm‐temperate marine biogeographical provinces.MethodsDNA sequence data from the mitochondrial COI gene and the intron of the nuclear ANT gene were generated for 150 individuals of H. orbiculare. For each locus, we determined whether the sharing of alleles between provinces was the result of either the retention of ancestral polymorphism or of secondary contact.ResultsWe recovered two nuclear intron lineages whose spatial genetic structure reflects contemporary biogeographical and oceanographical conditions, indicating that the existence of a single mtDNA lineage is not a function of unexpectedly high levels of dispersal.Main conclusionsMtDNA‐based genetic homogeneity is increasingly being reported in coastal organisms with ranges spanning biogeographical transition zones that define distinct evolutionary lineages in other species. Our results stress the importance of revisiting single‐locus data sets by means of multilocus genetic approaches before any conclusions can be drawn about the role of biogeographical transition zones in driving genetic structure.