bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential expression of CD133 based on microsatellite instability status in human colorectal cancer
Authors: Park Jae Jun , Kwon Ji‐hee , Oh Sun‐Hee , Choi Junjeong , Moon Chang Mo , Ahn Joong Bae , Hong Sung Pil , Cheon Jae Hee , Kim Tae Il , Kim Hoguen , Kim Won Ho 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe association between the types of genomic instability and cancer stem cell (CSC) has not been elucidated. We aimed to investigate the expressions of CSC markers with respect to microsatellite instability (MSI) status in human colorectal cancer (CRC). Immunostainings for CD133, CD44, and CD166, and K‐ras mutation analysis were performed on 50 MSI‐high (MSI‐H), and 50 microsatellite stable (MSS) CRC tissues. In 11 MSS and MSI‐H CRC cell lines, CD133 expression and DNA methylation statuses of the CD133 promoter were determined. The proportion of CD133 positive cells and the ability of colosphere formation were compared between HCT116 cells and HCT116 + Chr3 cells (hMLH1‐restored HCT116 cells). Immunohistochemistry for CSC markers revealed that high CD133 expression was more frequent in MSS cancers than in MSI‐H (P < 0.001, 74.0% vs. 28.0%, respectively), and related with short disease‐free survival. Neither CD44 nor CD166 expression differed significantly with respect to MSI status. K‐ras mutation showed no association with expressions of CD133, CD44, or CD166. CD133 expression was relatively high in the MSS cell lines compared to those in MSI‐H, and showed a reverse correlation with DNA methylation of the CD133 promoter. hMLH1‐restored HCT116 cells increased proportions of CD133 positive cells and colosphere forming ability, compared to those in HCT116 cells. In conclusion, high levels of CD133 expression were observed more frequently in MSS CRC than in MSI‐H, suggesting that differential expression of colon CSC markers may be linked to tumor characteristics dependent on MSI status. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Vitamin D reduces the inflammatory response and restores glucose uptake in adipocytes
Authors: Marcotorchino Julie , Gouranton Erwan , Romier Beatrice , Tourniaire Franck , Astier Julien , Malezet Christiane , Amiot Marie‐Josèphe , Landrier Jean‐François 
Published: October 2012

ScopeObesity is strongly associated with low‐grade inflammation, notably due to an overproduction of proinflammatory markers by adipose tissue and adipocytes as well as a vitamin D deficiency. Whether these problems are interrelated has not been clearly established.Methods and resultsIn the present report, decreases in the levels of inflammatory markers such as IL‐6, MCP‐1, and IL‐1β (mRNA and protein level) in human adipocytes and in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes were observed after 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25‐(OH)2D3) treatment. Such treatment also decreased the expression of the TNF‐α‐mediated proinflammatory marker in 3T3‐L1 and human adipocytes. A similar effect was observed in adipocyte‐macrophage co‐culture systems in which 1,25‐(OH)2D3 decreased proinflammatory marker expression under basal and TNF‐α‐stimulated conditions. The involvement of VDR and NF‐κB was confirmed in these regulations. Incubation with 1,25‐(OH)2D3 also resulted in the dephosphorylation of p38, which is linked to the transcriptional induction of several Dusp family members. Functional consequences of the 1,25‐(OH)2D3 treatment on glucose uptake and AKT phosphorylation were observed.ConclusionThe improvement of both proinflammatory status and glucose uptake in adipocytes under 1,25‐(OH)2D3 effect suggests that low‐grade inflammation could be linked to vitamin D deficiency. This observation offers new perspectives in the context of obesity and associated physiopathological disorders.
Delayed bacterial colonization of the gut alters the host immune response to oral sensitization against cow's milk proteins
Authors: Morin Stéphanie , Fischer Romy , Przybylski‐Nicaise Laetitia , Bernard Hervé , Corthier Gérard , Rabot Sylvie , Wal Jean‐Michel , Hazebrouck Stéphane 
Published: October 2012

ScopeCow's milk allergy is the most prevalent food allergy in infants whose immune system development is critically stimulated during postnatal gut colonization by commensal bacteria. Allergenic potential of cow's milk β‐lactoglobulin (BLG) and caseins (CAS) was investigated in germ‐free (GF) BALB/c mice and in GF mice conventionalized (CVd) at 6 weeks of age.Methods and resultsOral sensitization to cow's milk in the presence of cholera toxin led to higher BLG‐specific IgE, IgG1, and IgG2a responses in GF mice than in conventional (CV) mice. No significant difference was observed for CAS‐specific IgE responses although IgG1 responses to αS1‐ and κ‐caseins were higher in GF mice than in CV mice. CVd mice, orally inoculated with fecal preparations from CV mice, also displayed biased antibody responses compared to CV mice. Secretion of Th2 cytokines by BLG‐ and CAS‐reactivated splenocytes of CVd mice was similar to that of GF mice whereas cytokine production by reactivated cells from mesenteric lymph nodes of CVd mice was equivalent to that of CV mice.ConclusionOral sensitization to BLG and CAS was differentially affected by the absence of gut microbiota and delayed bacterial colonization altered persistently the host immune response to oral sensitization against food antigens.
Neurocranial Trauma in the Late Archaic Human Remains from Xujiayao, Northern China
Authors: Wu X. J. , Trinkaus E. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe early Late Pleistocene late archaic human remains from Xujiayao, northern China, reveal several abnormalities of the neurocranial vault. The Xujiayao site is located on the northwestern boundary of the Nihewan Basin, and on the basis of various indicators, it dates to the early Late Pleistocene. Among the 15 human neurocranial elements found at Xujiayao in the 1970s, three elements show minor traumatic lesions of the external table: the largely complete Xujiayao 5a immature parietal bone, the Xujiayao 8 small piece of anterior right parietal bone and the Xujiayao 12 partial occipital bone. The lesions are all superior to the temporal or nuchal lines and hence were subcutaneous, covered only by the pericranium, the galea aponeurotica and the overlying skin. The external tables are variably concave with irregular bone within the bony depressions, and the diploë show varying degrees of involvement. The Xujiayao abnormalities join a series of minor neurocranial healed lesions among Pleistocene humans, as well as more pronounced healed neurocranial and facial trauma. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular Recognition in Glycolaldehyde, the Simplest Sugar: Two Isolated Hydrogen Bonds Win Over One Cooperative Pair
Authors: Altnöder Jonas , Lee Juhyon J. , Otto Katharina E. , Suhm Martin A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractCarbohydrates are used in nature as molecular recognition tools. Understanding their conformational behavior upon aggregation helps in rationalizing the way in which cells and bacteria use sugars to communicate. Here, the simplest α‐hydroxy carbonyl compound, glycolaldehyde, was used as a model system. It was shown to form compact polar C2‐symmetric dimers with intermolecular OH⋅⋅⋅OC bonds, while sacrificing the corresponding intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Supersonic jet infrared (IR) and Raman spectra combined with high‐level quantum chemical calculations provide a consistent picture for the preference over more typical hydrogen bond insertion and addition patterns. Experimental evidence for at least one metastable dimer is presented. A rotational spectroscopy investigation of these dimers is encouraged, also in view of astrophysical searches. The binding motif competition of aldehydic sugars might play a role in chirality recognition phenomena of more complex derivatives in the gas phase.
A pilot study of low‐dose anti‐angiogenic chemotherapy in combination with standard multiagent chemotherapy for patients with newly diagnosed metastatic Ewing sarcoma family of tumors: A Children's Oncology Group (COG) Phase II study NCT00061893
Authors: Felgenhauer Judy L. , Nieder Michael L. , Krailo Mark D. , Bernstein Mark L. , Henry David W. , Malkin David , Baruchel Sylvain , Chuba Paul J. , Sailer Scott L. , Brown Ken , Ranganathan Sarangarajan , Marina Neyssa 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe aims of this study were to determine the feasibility of the combination of low dose, anti‐angiogenic chemotherapy with standard therapy for patients with metastatic Ewing sarcoma (ES), and to obtain preliminary outcome data.ProceduresPatients with metastatic ES were eligible. Therapy consisted of alternating cycles of ifosfamide–etoposide, and vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide. Vinblastine and celecoxib were concomitantly administered. Surgical, radiotherapeutic, or combination local control therapy was given per institutional preference.ResultsThirty‐five eligible patients were enrolled. Ninety percent received at least 75% of planned vinblastine/celecoxib doses. There was no excess of neurologic, infectious, hemorrhagic, or cardiovascular toxicities. However, 7 of 21 patients who received pulmonary irradiation prior to experiencing pulmonary toxicity did develop grade 2 or greater pulmonary toxicity, including two deaths of apparent radiation pneumonitis. Fourteen of 16 patients with pelvic disease received local irradiation. Hemorrhagic cystitis developed in six patients, five of whom had received pelvic irradiation. The overall 24‐month event free survival was 35% (19–51%); 71% (26–92%) for the seven with isolated pulmonary metastases, 26% (10–45%) for all others.ConclusionThe combination of vinblastine/celecoxib metronomic therapy with standard ES treatment was feasible according to the protocol definitions. However, excess toxicity in irradiated areas was noted and limits the usefulness of this protocol. The 24‐month EFS for those with isolated pulmonary metastases is better than historical controls, although the number of patient number is small, follow up short and we are lacking contemporaneous controls. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013; 60: 409–414. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Histopathology of retinoblastoma: Does standardization make a difference in reporting?
Authors: Sengupta Sabyasachi , Krishnakumar Subramanian , Sharma Tarun , Gopal Lingam , Khetan Vikas 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe International Retinoblastoma Staging Working Group (IRSWG) provided guidelines for tissue handling of eyes enucleated for retinoblastoma. We adopted these guidelines from January 2009. Reviewing histopathology slides between January 2006 and December 2010 we found significantly more number of eyes with massive choroidal, optic nerve, and anterior segment invasion by tumor cells in the post‐IRSWG era. The guidelines provided by the IRSWG; in addition to being standardized; recognize more eyes with histopathologic risk factors compared to techniques applied in the past. This may translate to more children receiving adjuvant chemotherapy and contribute to reduced mortality rates in the future. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013;60:336–337. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Glutathione S‐transferase P1 single nucleotide polymorphism predicts permanent ototoxicity in children with medulloblastoma
Authors: Rednam Surya , Scheurer Michael E. , Adesina Adekunle , Lau Ching C. , Okcu Mehmet Fatih 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundGlutathione S‐transferase (GST) enzymes are involved in detoxifying chemotherapy and clearing reactive oxygen species formed by radiation. We explored the relationship between the host GSTP1 105 A > G polymorphism (rs1695), tumor GSTpi protein expression, and clinical outcomes in pediatric medulloblastoma. We hypothesized that the GSTP1 105 G‐allele and increased tumor GSTpi expression would be associated with lower progression‐free survival and fewer adverse events.ProcedureThe study included 106 medulloblastoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) patients seen at Texas Children's Cancer Center. Genotyping was performed using an Illumina HumanOmni1‐Quad BeadChip and GSTpi expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry. We used the Kaplan–Meier method for survival analyses and logistic regression for toxicity comparisons.ResultsPatients with a GSTP1 105 AG/GG genotype (vs. AA) or who had received high dose craniospinal radiation (≥34 Gy vs. <26 Gy) had a greater risk of requiring hearing aids than their counterparts (OR 4.0, 95% CI 1.2–13.6, and OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.1–8.8, respectively, n = 69). Additionally, there was a statistically significant interaction between these variables. Compared with the lowest risk group (GSTP1 105 AA–low dose radiation), patients with a GSTP1 105 AG/GG genotype who received high dose radiation were 8.4 times more likely to require hearing aids (95% CI 1.4–49.9, p‐trend = 0.005, n = 69). When adjusted for age, cumulative cisplatin dose, and amifostine use, the association remained.ConclusionsThe GSTP1 105 G‐allele is associated with permanent ototoxicity in pediatric medulloblastoma/PNET and strongly interacts with radiation dose. Patients with this allele should be considered for clinical trials employing radiation dose modifications and cytoprotectant strategies. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013; 60: 593–598. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Vancomycin‐Induced Thrombocytopenia Without Isolation of a Drug‐Dependent Antibody
Authors: Ruggero Michael A. , Abdelghany Osama , Topal Jeffrey E. 
Published: October 2012

Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic used in the treatment of gram‐positive infections including methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The most common adverse reaction to vancomycin is red man syndrome, which is a histaminergic reaction causing a rash on the upper torso, neck, and face after rapid infusion of the drug. Less commonly, vancomycin has been associated with thrombocytopenia. The etiology is believed to be the induction of drug‐dependent antibodies, which in turn cause immune‐mediated destruction of platelets. We describe a 41‐year‐old man who received two courses of vancomycin for the treatment of MRSA pneumonia and then experienced a decline in platelet count to a nadir of 15 x 103/mm3. Vancomycin was discontinued, doxycycline was started, and the patient's platelet count rebounded over the next 6 days. The patient was readmitted to the hospital 2 months later for MRSA bacteremia and was rechallenged with vancomycin. He again experienced a decline in platelet count. Vancomycin was discontinued, and daptomycin was started. The patient's platelet count rebounded to normal levels over the next 5 days. Although the patient experienced acute thrombocytopenia after vancomycin exposure, no bleeding complications occurred, and the patient's platelet count rebounded to normal after the discontinuation of vancomycin. The patient had no other known risk factors for the development of rapid thrombocytopenia. Use of the Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale indicated a definite relationship (score of 9) between the patient's development of thrombocytopenia and vancomycin therapy. Although vancomycin was the presumed cause of thrombocytopenia in this patient, no drug‐dependent antibody was isolated from blood samples collected after both exposures to vancomycin (analyzed by using a screening assay to identify drug‐dependent antibodies to vancomycin [developed by the BloodCenter of Wisconsin]). Although the evidence supporting vancomycin induction of antibody‐mediated destruction of platelets was lacking, further studies delineating alternate mechanisms of platelet destruction are warranted. Therefore, even in the absence of a positive antibody test, vancomycin should still be considered in the differential diagnosis as a cause of drug‐induced thrombocytopenia.
Diagnosis and management of psychosis in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Latoo Javed , Mistry Minal , Dunne Francis J 
Published: October 2012

AbstractParkinson's disease is associated with a high prevalence of psychiatric co‐morbidity including psychosis. In this review, Dr Latoo and colleagues discuss the epidemiology, aetiology and diagnosis of psychosis in Parkinson's disease and emphasise the importance of close liaison between neurologists and psychiatrists for optimal management.
The burden of bipolar disorder in the UK
Authors: Titmarsh Steve 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBipolar disorder is complex and challenging to diagnose. As a result the disorder is under‐recognised and undertreated, commented Professor Allan Young, Chair of Psychiatry at Imperial College London, speaking at a satellite meeting organised by AstraZeneca during the Latest Advances in Psychiatry Symposium XI in March. A more holistic approach to managing bipolar disorder and recognition that the illness is probably more common than official statistics suggest could lessen the burden considerably. Steve Titmarsh reports.
Styrene‐vinyl pyridine diblock copolymers: Achieving high molecular weights by the combination of anionic and reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerizations
Authors: Pafiti Kyriaki S. , Patrickios Costas S. , Filiz Volkan , Rangou Sofia , Abetz Clarissa , Abetz Volker 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAnionic and reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerizations were combined for the preparation of high molecular weight (MW) amphiphilic diblock copolymers based on the hydrophobic styrene (Sty) and the more polar 2‐vinyl pyridine (2VPy) or 4‐vinyl pyridine (4VPy). In particular, four amphiphilic Sty‐VPy diblock copolymers with MWs up to 271,000 g mol–1were prepared. For the polymer synthesis, first, living anionic polymerization of Sty usingsec‐butyl‐lithium as initiator in tetrahydrofuran at −70 °C, followed by termination with ethylene oxide were employed for the preparation of OH‐functionalized homopolyStys. Subsequently, a modification of the OH‐terminal group was performed by the attachment of a 4‐cyanopentanoic acid dithiobenzoate chain transfer agent (CTA) group, giving a polySty macroRAFT CTA, which was extended with 2VPy or 4VPy units using RAFT polymerization. Thus, the prepared diblock copolymers comprised a first block which was near‐monodisperse in size, and a second more heterogeneous block. All diblock copolymers were characterized in terms of their MWs and compositions by gel permeation chromatography and1H NMR spectroscopy, respectively, giving results close to the theoretically expected values. Films cast from chloroform solutions of the diblock copolymers were investigated in terms of their bulk morphologies using transmission electron microscopy, which indicated that the minority block consistently formed the discontinuous microphase, spherical or cylindrical. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013
Synthesis and properties of the conjugated polymers with indenoindene and benzimidazole units for organic photovoltaics
Authors: Shim Joo Young , Lee Byoung Hoon , Song Suhee , Kim Heejoo , Kim Ju Ae , Kim Il , Lee Kwanghee , Suh Hongsuk 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA new electron deficient unit, dimethyl‐2H‐benzimidazole (MBI), and dihydroindeno[2,1‐a]indene (ININE) moiety as electron‐rich unit were coupled to synthesize the conjugated polymers containing electron donor–acceptor pair for organic photovoltaics. ININE, MBI, and thiophene (or bithiophene) units were incorporated using Stille and Suzuki polymerization to generate poly(2,7‐(5,5,10,10‐tetrakis(2‐ethylhexyl)‐5,10‐dihydro‐ indeno[2,1‐a]indene)‐alt‐5,5‐(4′,7′‐di‐2‐thienyl‐2,2‐dimethyl‐2H‐benzimidazole)) (PININEDTMBIs) (or PININEBBTMBIs). In MBI, the sulfur at 2‐position of 2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole (BT) unit was replaced with dialkyl‐substituted carbon, whereas keeping the 1,2‐quinoid form, to improve the solubility of the polymers. The field‐effect hole mobility of PININEBBTMBI was 3.2 × 10−4 cm2/Vs which was improved as compared to that of PININEDTMBI (2.7 × 10−5 cm2/Vs) caused by the introduction of bithiophene units. In case of the most efficient polymer, PININEBBTMBI, the device with the configuration of indium tin oxide (ITO)/poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT):polystyrene sulfonate (PSS)/polymer:PC71BM(1:4 w/w)/Al, annealed at 100 °C for 10 min demonstrated a open circuit voltage of 0.78 V, a short‐circuit current density of 6.66 mA/cm2, and a fill factor of 0.41, leading to the power conversion efficiency of 2.11%, under white‐light illumination (AM 1.5 G, 100 mW/cm2). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013
Family factors associated with academic achievement deficits in pediatric brain tumor survivors
Authors: Ach Emily , Gerhardt Cynthia A. , Barrera Maru , Kupst Mary Jo , Meyer Eugene A. , Patenaude Andrea F. , Vannatta Kathryn 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine whether parental education, socioeconomic status, or family environment moderate the extent of academic achievement deficits in pediatric brain tumor survivors (PBTS) relative to classmate case‐controls. PBTS are known to be at risk for cognitive and academic impairment; however, the degree of impairment varies. Prior research has focused on treatment risk, and efforts to examine the protective role of family resources and relationships have been lacking.MethodsPediatric brain tumor survivors (N = 164), ages 8–15 and 1–5 years posttreatment, were recruited at five treatment centers in the United States and Canada. A case‐control classmate, matched for age, gender, and race, was recruited for each survivor. The Wide Range Achievement Test, a demographic form, and the Family Environment Scale were administered in families' homes. Treatment data were abstracted from medical charts.ResultsPediatric brain tumor survivors demonstrated lower achievement than classmate‐controls in reading, spelling, and arithmetic. Parental education and socioeconomic status were associated with levels of achievement demonstrated by PBTS but did not account for discrepancies between PBTS and classmate‐controls. Deficits in achievement relative to classmate‐controls, across all academic domains, were greater for survivors in families lower in support and higher in conflict. These associations remained after controlling for age at diagnosis, time since treatment, and whether treatment had involved chemotherapy, focal, or whole brain radiation.ConclusionsThese results support the development of interventions to enhance family functioning as well as educational resources as part of intervention and rehabilitation services to optimize academic progress in children who have been treated for brain tumors. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Treating chemotherapy induced agranulocytosis with granulocyte colony‐stimulating factors in a patient on clozapine
Authors: Kolli Venkata , Denton Kevin , Borra Dileep , Pulluri Madhuri , Sharma Ashish 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundClozapine is reserved for overcoming treatment resistance in schizophrenia. Malignancy is common in schizophrenia; however, there is limited evidence available on continuing clozapine with chemotherapy, with both having hematological adverse effects.ObjectiveTo report a case on the use of granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) in conjunction with clozapine and chemotherapy.MethodsWe searched PubMed for any available information on the use of granulocyte G‐CSF with clozapine and chemotherapy. We report the case of a patient with schizophrenia who developed B‐cell lymphoma and was treated with chemotherapy consisting of CHOP regimen, rituximab, and methotrexate. He was continued on clozapine and G‐CSF.ResultsWe did not find any reports on G‐CSF use in conjunction with clozapine and chemotherapy. We found case reports and a case series on the use of G‐CSF in clozapine rechallenge with clozapine‐induced agranulocytosis with mixed results. In our patient on clozapine, the white blood cell counts reduced by chemotherapy, were successfully replenished with the use of filgrastim, a G‐CSF.ConclusionsWith risks of psychosis relapse and exacerbation with discontinuing clozapine, the addition of G‐CSF could be a useful aid in replenishing white cell counts lost to chemotherapy whilst continuing clozapine. However, further study is needed on this combination. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.