bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On massive MIMO performance with semi-orthogonal pilot-assisted channel estimation
Authors: Zhang Hua , Zheng Xinru , Xu Wei , You Xiaohu 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
With the rapidly increasing demand for high-speed data transmission and a growing number of terminals, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has been shown promising to meet the challenges owing to its high spectrum efficiency. Although massive MIMO can efficiently improve the system performance, usage of orthogonal pilots and growing terminals causes large resource consumption especially when the coherence interval is short. This paper proposes a semi-orthogonal pilot design with simultaneous data and pilot transmission. In the proposed technique, we exploit the asymptotic channel orthogonality in massive MIMO systems, with which a successive interference cancellation (SIC)-based channel estimation is applied to mitigate the mutual interference between data and pilot. We derived the theoretical expressions of the achievable rates in massive MIMO systems with our proposed pilot design. Further discussion on performance verifies the superiority of our proposed pilot design for high or low signal-to-noise-ratios (SNRs) with any coherence interval length. And simulation results show that the proposed pilot design can achieve a significant performance improvement with reduced pilot resource consumption compared with the conventional orthogonal pilots.
The combined effects of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and renal replacement therapy on meropenem pharmacokinetics: a matched cohort study
Authors: Shekar Kiran , Fraser John F , Taccone Fabio Silvio , Welch Susan , Wallis Steven C , Mullany Daniel V , Lipman Jeffrey , Roberts Jason A 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Introduction
The scope of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is expanding; however, optimal drug prescription during ECMO remains a developing science. Currently, there are no clear guidelines for antibiotic dosing during ECMO. This open-label, descriptive, matched-cohort pharmacokinetics (PK) study aimed to compare the PK of meropenem in ECMO patients to critically ill patients with sepsis not receiving ECMO (controls).

Methods
Eleven adult patients on ECMO (venovenous (VV) ECMO, n = 6; venoarterial (VA) ECMO, n = 5) receiving intravenous (IV) meropenem were included. Meropenem plasma concentrations were determined using validated chromatography. Population PK analysis was performed using non-linear mixed effects modelling. This data was compared with previously published meropenem PK data from 10 critically ill adult patients not on ECMO (preserved renal function (n = 5) or receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT) (n = 5). Using these data, we then performed Monte Carlo simulations (n = 1,000) to describe the effect of creatinine clearance on meropenem plasma concentrations.

Results
In total, five (two VV, three VA) out of eleven ECMO patients received RRT. The other six patients (four VV, two VA) had no significant impairment in renal function. A two-compartment model adequately described the data. ECMO patients had numerically higher volume of distribution (0.45 ± 0.17 versus 0.41 ± 0.13 L/kg, P = 0.21) and lower clearance compared to controls (7.9 ± 5.9 versus 11.7 ± 6.5 L/h, P = 0.18). Variability in meropenem clearance was correlated with creatinine clearance or the presence of RRT. The observed median trough concentrations in the controls were 4.2 (0.0 to 5.7) mg/L. In ECMO patients, while trough meropenem concentrations >2 mg/L were achieved in all patients, a more aggressive target of >8 mg/L for less susceptible microorganisms was observed in only eight out of eleven patients, with five of them being on RRT.

Conclusions
ECMO patients exhibit high PK variability. Decreased meropenem CL on ECMO appears to compensate for ECMO and critical illness-related increases in volume of distribution. Routine target concentrations >2 mg/L are maintained with standard dosing (1 g IV 8-hourly). However, an increase in dose may be necessary when targeting higher concentrations or in patients with elevated creatinine clearance.
Genomic signatures of near-extinction and rebirth of the crested ibis and other endangered bird species
Authors: Li Shengbin , Li Bo , Cheng Cheng , Xiong Zijun , Liu Qingbo , Lai Jianghua , Carey Hannah V , Zhang Qiong , Zheng Haibo , Wei Shuguang , Zhang Hongbo , Chang Liao , Liu Shiping , Zhang Shanxin , Yu Bing , Zeng Xiaofan , Hou Yong , Nie Wenhui , Guo Youmin , Chen Teng , Han Jiuqiang , Wang Jian , Wang Jun , Chen Chen , Liu Jiankang , Stambrook Peter J , Xu Ming , Zhang Guojie , Gilbert M Thomas P , Yang Huanming , Jarvis Erich D , Yu Jun , Yan Jianqun 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Background
Nearly one-quarter of all avian species is either threatened or nearly threatened. Of these, 73 species are currently being rescued from going extinct in wildlife sanctuaries. One of the previously most critically-endangered is the crested ibis, Nipponia nippon. Once widespread across North-East Asia, by 1981 only seven individuals from two breeding pairs remained in the wild. The recovering crested ibis populations thus provide an excellent example for conservation genomics since every individual bird has been recruited for genomic and demographic studies.

Results
Using high-quality genome sequences of multiple crested ibis individuals, its thriving co-habitant, the little egret, Egretta garzetta, and the recently sequenced genomes of 41 other avian species that are under various degrees of survival threats, including the bald eagle, we carry out comparative analyses for genomic signatures of near extinction events in association with environmental and behavioral attributes of species. We confirm that both loss of genetic diversity and enrichment of deleterious mutations of protein-coding genes contribute to the major genetic defects of the endangered species. We further identify that genetic inbreeding and loss-of-function genes in the crested ibis may all constitute genetic susceptibility to other factors including long-term climate change, over-hunting, and agrochemical overuse. We also establish a genome-wide DNA identification platform for molecular breeding and conservation practices, to facilitate sustainable recovery of endangered species.

Conclusions
These findings demonstrate common genomic signatures of population decline across avian species and pave a way for further effort in saving endangered species and enhancing conservation genomic efforts.
The sympathetic nervous response in inflammation
Authors: Pongratz Georg , Straub Rainer H 
Published: December 2014

AbstractOver the past decades evidence has accumulated clearly demonstrating a pivotal role for the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and its neurotransmitters in regulating inflammation. The first part of this review provides the reader with an overview showing that the interaction of the SNS with the immune system to control inflammation is strongly context-dependent (for example, depending on the activation state of the immune cell or neuro-transmitter concentration). In the second part we focus on autoimmune arthritis as a well investigated example for sympathetically controlled inflammation to show that the SNS and catecholamines play a differential role depending on the time point of ongoing disease. A model will be developed to explain the proinflammatory effects of the SNS in the early phase and the anti-inflammatory effects of catecholamines in the later phase of autoimmune arthritis. In the final part, a conceptual framework is discussed that shows that a major purpose of increased SNS activity is nourishment of a continuously activated immune system at a systemic level using energy-rich fuels (glucose, amino acids, lipids), while uncoupling from central nervous regulation occurs at sites of inflammation by repulsion of sympathetic fibers and local adrenoceptor regulation. This creates zones of ‘permitted local inflammation’. However, if this ‘inflammatory configuration’ persists and is strong, as in autoimmunity, the effects are detrimental because of the resultant chronic catabolic state, leading to cachexia, high blood pressure, insulin resistance, and increased cardiovascular mortality, and so on. Today, the challenge is to translate this conceptual knowledge into clinical benefit.
Monoamine oxidase a gene promoter methylation and
transcriptional downregulation in an offender population with antisocial
personality disorder
Authors: Checknita D. , Maussion G. , Labonté B. , Comai S. , Tremblay R. E. , Vitaro F. , Turecki N. , Bertazzo A. , Gobbi G. , Côté G. , Turecki G. 
Published: December 2014

BackgroundAntisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is characterised by elevated
impulsive aggression and increased risk for criminal behaviour and
incarceration. Deficient activity of the monoamine oxidase A
(MAOA) gene is suggested to contribute to
serotonergic system dysregulation strongly associated with impulsive
aggression and antisocial criminality.AimsTo elucidate the role of epigenetic processes in altered
MAOA expression and serotonin regulation in a
population of incarcerated offenders with ASPD compared with a healthy
non-incarcerated control population.MethodParticipants were 86 incarcerated participants with ASPD and 73 healthy
controls. MAOA promoter methylation was compared between
case and control groups. We explored the functional impact of
MAOA promoter methylation on gene expression
in vitro and blood 5-HT levels in a subset of the
case group.ResultsResults suggest that MAOA promoter hypermethylation is
associated with ASPD and may contribute to downregulation of
MAOA gene expression, as indicated by functional
assays in vitro, and regression analysis with
whole-blood serotonin levels in offenders with ASPD.ConclusionsThese results are consistent with prior literature suggesting
MAOA and serotonergic dysregulation in antisocial
populations. Our results offer the first evidence suggesting epigenetic
mechanisms may contribute to MAOA dysregulation in
antisocial offenders.
Na+ Transport by a Sodium Ion Pump Rhodopsin is Resistant to Environmental Change: A Comparison of the Photocycles of the Na+ and Li+ Transport Processes
Authors: Inoue Keiichi , Ono Hikaru , Kandori Hideki 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Krokinobacter rhodopsin 2 (KR2) is a light-driven sodium ion pump. Although the photocycle of solubilized KR2 in LiCl solution is much longer than in NaCl, it effectively transports Li+ as Na+. This seems contradictory, because the rate of the photocycle determines the turnover speed of the pump. Here, we revealed that the photocycles in liposomes and E. coli membrane are similar between NaCl and LiCl. This is consistent with the comparable Na+ and Li+ pump efficiencies, and KR2 has a faster turnover of Na+ pump, which is resistant to environmental change.
Fine Patterning of Silver Metal by Electron Beam Irradiation onto Room-temperature Ionic Liquid
Authors: Minamimoto Hiro , Irie Haruyasu , Uematsu Taro , Tsuda Tetsuya , Imanishi Akihito , Seki Shu , Kuwabata Susumu 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
A new silver micropatterning method has been developed by electron beam irradiation to room-temperature ionic liquid containing silver salts. This is the first achievement that uses liquid media to obtain metal deposits by electron beam lithography. Silver deposits were obtained as designed with high resolution and purity compared to the existing direct writing method.
The Heritage Protection Bill: its effect on the current systems
Authors: Hewitson Nigel 
Published: December 2014

Article by Nigel Hewitson (Head of Planning
at Norton Rose LLP, and a former Legal Director of English
Heritage) published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for
Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society
for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal
Studies, University of London. This article is a
shorter version of an article which appeared in the July 2008
edition of the Journal of Planning and Environment Law and is
based on a paper presented by the author to the IALS on 23rd
January 2008.
Effects of Childcare Subsidies on Employment and Earnings of Low-Income Mothers
Authors: Zanoni Wladimir , Weinberger Gabriel 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
This study examines how childcare subsidies funded by the Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF – the most widespread childcare subsidy program in the United States) affect the employment status and earnings of low-income mothers. Employing a rich database of administrative records, we compute instrumental variables and control function estimates of the program’s effects. As an exclusion restriction, we take advantage of differences in efficiency levels across administrative agencies that process subsidy applications and payments. CCDF-funded subsidies have short-term effects that are primarily driven by changes in the extensive margin of labor supply. Mothers who are either unemployed or earning closer to the upper cutoff of eligibility benefit the most from participation in this program.
Thromboembolic risk in hematological malignancies
Authors: Franchini Massimo 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThere are a growing number of studies documenting that, similarly to patients with solid cancers, also patients with hematological malignancies (i.e., acute leukemia, lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative neoplasms and plasma cell disorders) are at increased risk of thrombosis. The pathogenesis of the hypercoagulable state associated with hematological cancers is often multifactorial. Contributor factors include tumor cell-derived procoagulants, antineoplastic therapies, central venous catheters, concomitant infections and advanced age. In this narrative review, the epidemiology, pathogenesis and management of thrombosis in patients with hematological malignancies are reviewed.
Resiliency and Resilience Process of Entrepreneurs in New Venture Creation
Authors: Yang Yunxi , Danes Sharon M. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe purpose of this longitudinal study of 94 married entrepreneurs starting new businesses was to investigate protective mechanisms creating resiliency (capacity) in entrepreneurs and entrepreneur-assessed spousal commitment to new venture goals as a key element of the resilience process experienced within their couple decision context. Controlling for business demand, the effect on new venture sustainability as measured by breakeven point and business success was analyzed. Patterson’s FAAR theory, a family resilience theory, was applied because it clearly conceptualizes the components and influencing factors within the process of resilience and because the couple is the primary decision context of entrepreneurs. Spousal commitment (negative) and business demand (curvilinear) were significantly associated with breakeven point. Entrepreneur’s business confidence (positive), life outlook (positive), and business demand (curvilinear) were associated with business success.
Mixed spatially varying L
2-BV regularization of inverse ill-posed problems
Authors: Mazzieri Gisela L. , Spies Ruben D. , Temperini Karina G. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Several generalizations of the traditional Tikhonov–Phillips regularization method
have been proposed during the last two decades. Many of these generalizations are based upon inducing stability
throughout the use of different penalizers which allow the capturing of diverse properties of the exact solution
(e.g. edges, discontinuities, borders, etc.). However, in some problems in which it is known that the regularity of
the exact solution is heterogeneous and/or anisotropic, it is reasonable to think that a much better option could be
the simultaneous use of two or more penalizers of different nature. Such is the case, for instance, in some image
restoration problems in which preservation of edges, borders or discontinuities is an important matter. In this
work we present some results on the simultaneous use of penalizers of L
2 and of bounded variation (BV) type. For
particular cases, existence and uniqueness results are proved. Open problems are discussed and results to signal restoration problems are presented.
Cross-reactivity of adrenal steroids with aldosterone may prevent the accurate diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Authors: Tuhan Hale Unver , Catli Gonul , Anik Ahmet , Onay Huseyin , Dundar Bumin , Bober Ece , Abaci Ayhan 
Published: December 2014

AbstractDuring the first weeks of life, salt-wasting crisis, hyperkalemia, acidosis, hypoglycemia, and shock are the main findings of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 (PHA1) is a rare disease of mineralocorticoid resistance, which is characterized with high aldosterone levels, hyponatremia and hyperkalemia without clinical findings of glucocorticoid deficiency. Patients with PHA1 are often initially diagnosed with CAH; however, it is unusual that a CAH patient is misdiagnosed as PHA1. In this report, we describe two cases with severe salt-losing crisis, hyperkalemia, and mild acidosis, which were initially diagnosed with PHA1, due to the high aldosterone levels along with normal adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels. However, subsequent investigation and genetic analysis led to the diagnosis of CAH with a homozygous I2 splice mutation in both alleles of the
Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma: pathology, molecular genetics and mouse models
Authors: Martinez-Barbera Juan Pedro , Buslei Rolf 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAdamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas (ACPs) are histologically benign but clinically aggressive epithelial tumours of the sellar region that are associated with high morbidity and occasional mortality. Research from the last 3 years has provided important insights into the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of these tumours. It has become established that mutations in
The neuroprotective effect of magnesium sulfate in preterm fetal mice
Authors: Cho Geum Joon , Hong Hye-Ri , Hong Soon-Cheol , Oh Min-Jeong , Kim Hai-Joong 
Published: December 2014

AbstractTo investigate the use of magnesium sulfate (MgSOOn embryonic day 15 of gestation, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and mifepristone (RU486) were used, respectively, to create mouse models of inflammation and noninflammation-associated preterm birth. After intraperitoneal injection of LPS, RU486, or normal saline solution (NS), dams were randomized to intraperitoneal MgSOThe expression of S100B significantly differed among the groups and was decreased in the LPS+MgSOWe observed that prenatal treatment with MgSO
Influence of Joint Flexibility on Vibration Analysis
of Free-Free Beams
Authors: Gunda Jagadish Babu , Krishna Y. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract

In present work, joint flexibility (or looseness)
of the free-free beam is investigated by using a two noded
beam finite element formulation with transverse displacement
and joint rotations as the degrees of freedom per
node at joint location. Flexibility of the joint is primarily
represented by means of a rotational spring analogy,
where the stiffness of the rotational spring characterizes
the looseness of the flexible joint for an applied bending
moment. Influence of joint location as well as joint
stiffness on modal behavior of first five modes of slender,
uniform free-free beams are discussed for various values
of non-dimensional rotational spring stiffness parameter.
Numerical accuracy of the results obtained from the
present finite element formulation are validated by using
the commercially available finite element software which
shows the confidence gained on the numerical results discussed
in the present study.
Series solution to coupled nonlinear heat and
moisture transfer in slabs with
temperature-dependent diffusivities
Authors: Chiba Ryoichi 
Published: December 2014

Abstract

The two-dimensional differential transform
method (DTM) is applied to solve the one-dimensional
coupled heat and moisture diffusion problem for a slab
with temperature-dependent thermal and moisture diffusivities,
which are expressed by a linear function and
an exponential function of temperature, respectively. One
surface of the slab is subjected to convective hygrothermal
loading and the other has constant prescribed temperature
and moisture. Approximate analytical (series) solutions
for the temperature and moisture profiles in the
slab are derived. The transformed functions included in
the solutions are obtained through a simple recursive procedure.
Numerical results for a slab subjected to a sudden
change in surface temperature illustrate the effects of
temperature-dependent diffusivities on the transient temperature
and moisture profiles of the slab. The results indicate
that the nonlinear effect originating from the varying
moisture diffusivity is not negligible for resin composites.
The DTMis a useful new analytical method for solving
nonlinear coupled transient problems.
Open Complete Medial Talar Dislocation without Fracture of the Talus or the Malleoli
Authors: Hosny Hossam 
Published: December 2014

Case:
A twenty-three-year-old man presented with an open complete medial talar dislocation without fracture of the talus or the malleoli; this was associated with an injury to the posterior tibial artery and the tibial nerve. It was difficult to reduce because of entrapment of the tendons of the flexor digitorum, the flexor hallucis longus, and the tibialis posterior, as well as entrapment of the posterior tibial artery and the tibial nerve. At the twelve-month follow-up, the talus did not show osteonecrosis.

Conclusion:
After a complete medial talar dislocation, the patient was found to have no arthritis or osteonecrosis, and he had return of normal sensation at one year postinjury.
Buckling of Buoyancy-Assisted Tubulars
Authors: Arslan Mehmet , Ozbayoglu Evren M. , Miska Stefan Z. , Yu Mengjiao , Takach Nicholas , Mitchell Robert F. 
Published: December 2014

Summary
Use of buoyancy provides multiple solutions to overcome the drag problem for wells with shallow and high step-out profiles. Although both full- and partial-flotation methodologies have been used successfully to extend the reach in many field cases, the influence of buoyancy on tubular instability has not been investigated yet. This paper presents an extensive experimental and analytical study, focusing on static tubular instability inside horizontal wellbores with emphasis on buoyancy. In terms of the experimental research, running tubulars into horizontal wellbores was simulated with four different pipes, varying buoyancy, and varying loading speed. Throughout the tests, axial loads both applied to the pipe and transmitted through the pipe were recorded simultaneously, with respect to pipe displacement. Experiments reveal that currently existing models give reasonable approximations as long as buoyancy is not included in the tests. The major interpretation from the experiments is contrary to what currently existing expressions imply (i.e., tubular buckles immediately as effective weight approaches zero; even for naturally buoyant conditions, considerable amount of axial load is still required for both buckling initiation and helix formation). As buoyancy increases further, results and predictions diverge from each other considerably. To eliminate the discrepancies between results and predictions, theoretical study was conducted. Empirical correlations that also consider the influence of buoyancy on critical buckling loads are presented. Finally, another pipe was also tested within different buoyancy conditions to validate the equations developed. Experimental results of this pipe closely match the new analytical findings. This experimental and analytical study provides useful results for future applications with buoyancy-assisted tubulars, in terms of practical engineering and design calculations.