bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oleuropein mitigates non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and modulates liver metabolites in high‐fat diet‐induced obese mice via activating PPARα
Authors: Zhou Wei , Du Zheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of oleuropein (OLE) ameliorates non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its underlying mechanisms.RESULTSMale C57BL/6J mice were fed either a low‐fat diet (LFD), a high‐fat diet (HFD), or a HFD supplemented with 0.03% (w/w) OLE for 16 weeks. OLE supplementation decreased body weight and liver weight, improved serum lipid profiles, and ameliorated HFD‐induced hepatic dysfunction. Liver metabolomics analysis revealed that OLE increased the levels of nicotinamide, tauroursodeoxycholic acid, taurine, and docosahexaenoic acid, which were beneficial for lipid homeostasis and inflammation regulation. OLE exerted its protective effects by activating peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor alpha (PPARα), a key transcription factor that regulates fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) expression and modulates lipid oxidation, lipogenesis and inflammation pathways. Importantly, OLE supplementation did not significantly affect body weight or liver weight in PPARα knockout (PPARα KO) mice, indicating that PPARα is essential for OLE‐mediated NAFLD prevention.CONCLUSIONOur results suggest that OLE alleviates NAFLD in mice by activating PPARα and modulating liver metabolites. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
A generalisation of Läuchli's lemma
Authors: Sonpanow Nattapon , Vejjajiva Pimpen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLäuchli showed in the absence of the Axiom of Choice () that and, consequently, for all infinite cardinals , where and are the cardinalities of the set of finite subsets and the power set, respectively, of a set which is of cardinality . In this article, we give a generalisation of a simple form of Läuchli's lemma from which several results can be obtained. That is, in the latter equation can be replaced by other cardinals which are equal to in but not in , for example, and , the cardinalities of the set of permutations and the set of partitions, respectively, of a set which is of cardinality .
Synthesizing of cobalt oxide nanofibers and investigation of changes in synthesizing parameters on the final product
Authors: Alizadeh A. , Parhoodeh S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, the best conditions for synthesizing the cobalt oxide nanofibers using the electrospinning method was investigated. For this purpose, the effect of various factors such as solvent, calcination temperature, and polymer concentration on the crystal structure, morphology, and size of the synthesized samples was evaluated. An extensive characterization of the products was performed using x‐ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy, and photoluminescence. X‐ray diffractometry results of fabricated samples at different temperatures confirm cobalt oxide synthesis. Scanning electron microscopy analysis shows that the best fibers are synthesized from a polymer solution prepared at room temperature with a dual solvent of deionized water and ethanol under a calcination temperature of 600 °C. Also, some shifts were observed by examining the optical properties using ultraviolet‐visible and photoluminescence spectroscopy. These results show that the proper selection of reaction conditions in the electrospinning method can be very effective for the synthesis of cobalt oxide fibers with morphology in nanometer sizes.
Analysis of the glass fibre/chicken feathers reinforced hybrid composite
Authors: Mishra R. K. , Singh G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper glass/chicken feathers reinforced epoxy composite and glass/chicken feathers reinforced polyester composite was prepared in the laboratory at different percentage of the glass and chicken feathers. Tensile properties, flexural properties, shore hardness and impact strength of the glass/chicken feathers reinforced epoxy composite and glass/chicken feathers reinforced polyester composite was studied experimentally and compared at different percentage of the glass and chicken feathers. The composite will be used in humid and corrosive environment; therefore, water absorption and acid corrosion test were performed. To understand the degradation behaviour of the composite, soil test was performed. Scanning electron microscopy analysis was carried out to find the fracture and interfacial characteristics of the composites after tensile test. This hybrid composite can be used in automobile, structural and defense sector.
Electrochemical hydrogen permeation measurement during cyclic stress testing of a ferritic chromium steel
Authors: Vatter J. M. , Jung B. , Oechsner M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the present work, the hydrogen diffusion during cyclic stress testing in the ferritic chromium steel 1.4521 (X2CrMoTi18‐2) is investigated. Therefore, electrochemical hydrogen permeation measurements are carried out on a hollow cylinder geometry. Simultaneously an alternating stress is applied using a stress ratio of R=‐1. At low stress amplitudes, no influence on the diffusion behaviour of hydrogen is found. At a higher stress amplitude, close to the macroscopic yield strength, a delayed hydrogen permeation by a factor of two is observed. It is postulated that this observation is a result of the nucleation of new hydrogen traps during the measurement. Hydrogen content measurements using carrier gas hot extraction support this hypothesis.
Micro‐alloying effects of lanthanum in thermo‐mechanical control process of manganese‐chromium‐molybdenum bainite rail steel
Authors: Wang X. , Ma H. , Bao X. , Cen Y. , Wang B. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMicro‐alloying effects of lanthanum in thermo‐mechanical control process of manganese‐chromium‐molybdenum bainite rail steel are investigated through experimental simulation and microstructural characterization. The results show that the deformation strengthening effect is fully exerted by thermo‐mechanical control process in steel containing 0.015 % lanthanum. Finally a kind of multi‐layer bainite ferrite microstructure featured by 3.5 μm blocks, 0.41 μm plates and 108 nm sub‐plates with ultrafine sub‐subunits and 55 nm θ‐M3C inside is achieved, which enhances the strength and toughness synergistically. And the nanoscale refinement mechanism of bainite ferrite plates lies in the formation of massive ultrafine sub‐subunits with the average size of 20 nm ×32 nm. Besides, a large number of twinning martensite with the size of 2 nm to 20 nm and high‐density entangled dislocations can be found on the boundaries of ultrafine sub‐subunits. Further, the density of dislocation is increased by 2.92×1014 cm−2 and its contribution to the strength is calculated to be 18 MPa. Moreover, micro‐alloying effects of lanthanum in thermo‐mechanical control process are explored to be that lanthanum enhances the interaction between bainite ferrite plates and dislocations, strengthens the entanglement of carbon and θ‐M3C with dislocations, and promotes the pinning effect of θ‐M3C on ultrafine subunits.
Properties of polyamide epichlorohydrin resin‐modified wood fibers/soybean straw powder copolymerization enhanced soy protein biomass composites
Authors: Feng L. , Hou C. , Wang J. X. , Liu Y. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe biomass composites were prepared by hot molding with a pressure of 10 MPa, a temperature of 125 °C, a time of 15 minutes using soybean straw powder, poplar wood fibers, and soy protein as raw materials. The effects of different straw species, the ratio of soybean straw powder to poplar wood fibers, the particle size of soybean straw powder, and the theoretical density on the performance of biomass composites were investigated. The experimental results show that under the condition that the ratio of soybean straw powder and poplar wood fibers is 1 : 1, 20 mesh to 40 mesh soybean straw powder and 20 mesh to 60 mesh wood fibers are selected to copolymerize and strengthen the soy protein biomass composites when the theoretical density is 0.80 g/cm3, the actual density of the biomass composites is 0.90 g/cm3, the tensile strength was up to 22.04 MPa, and the bending strength was up to 44.92 MPa. Biomass composites have good water resistance while obtaining excellent mechanical properties. The above figures not only meet the relevant technical requirements of automotive interior parts but also enable the lightweight design of automobiles and the sustainable development concept of green, low carbon, and environmental protection.
Anisotropic hardening of MS1180 steel plate: Experimental and analytical modeling
Authors: Tang Y. , Zhou C. , Wu P. , Fang X. , Wang Y. , Lou Y. , Pan T. , Wang J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis work is carried out to investigate the anisotropic hardening behavior of MS1180 steel through experiment and analytical modeling. Dogbone and hydraulic bulging specimens were machined to test the mechanical behavior of MS1180 steel plate under different loading directions and stress states. The loading process was recorded by the three‐dimensional digital image correction system. The result uncovers that the strength under equi‐biaxial tension is larger than that under uniaxial tension. Mechanical behavior under different loading directions presents the obvious difference related to the plastic strain. Hardening behavior under uniaxial tension and equi‐biaxial tension is characterized by the Swift‐Voce and polynomial equations, respectively. Three yield functions are adopted to describe the anisotropic behavior, including Yld2000‐2d, S‐Y2009, and CQN‐Chen. A convexity analysis method based on geometric definition is used to determine the convex region of the CQN‐Chen yield surface under large strain. By comparing the yield surfaces of the three yield functions under different plastic strain, the CQN‐Chen yield function possesses a more flexible and reasonable characterization ability than the Yld2000‐2d and S‐Y2009 yield functions. The anisotropic hardening behavior of MS1180 steel plate is modeled with an error of less than 0.03 by the CQN‐Chen yield function, showing high prediction accuracy.
Development of a robust welding process for electron beam welding of thick plates for construction of offshore wind turbines
Authors: Reisgen U. , Olschok S. , Evers T. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDue to its high energy intensity and the associated high welding depth, electron beam welding is particularly suitable for welding steel plates with high wall thicknesses. These are used, for example, in offshore wind power systems. However, due to the cooling conditions, the required cold toughness for offshore applications is often not achieved. The aim is to develop S355 ML steels – within the EN10025 4 standard – for welding monopiles for wind turbines. For this purpose, three parameters with different energy input are developed on three steels. The tests are carried out on plates with a wall thickness of 80 mm, whereby a full penetration weld must be achieved. The resulting top and bottom bead of the welds meet the standard DIN EN ISO 13919‐1. The parameters have an energy per unit length of 9.5 kJ mm−1 to 15.5 kJ mm−1. The resulting weld seams have an average width of 5.5 mm to 7.5 mm, and burn‐off of the manganese alloy element is observed, particularly on the top side of the seam. In addition, T8/5 times close to the weld seam of 11 s to 27 s are estimated using a simulation.
Research on gear life reliability analysis based on accelerated life test
Authors: He X. , Yang S. , Zhou R. , Chen K. , Liu Z. , Yue Z. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs one of the key components of marine reducer, the life reliability of gear is of great significance to the safe operation of the reducer and even the whole transmission system. However, due to economic and testing constraints, executing extensive fatigue life tests on complex and costly gears presents a formidable challenge, resulting in inadequate reliability assessments. In this paper, the gear life reliability analysis method based on the accelerated life test is proposed. By conducting the gear bending fatigue accelerated life test, the life distribution and failure mechanism are determined based on the accelerated life data. Furthermore, the gear life distribution parameters and acceleration model are solved by least squared method. This allows us to derive a reliability index specific to the service conditions, facilitating the evaluation of gear life reliability. The method proposed in this paper provides data and theoretical support for the accelerated life tests, lays a foundation for the gear reliability evaluation under small samples, and improves the efficiency of the gear fatigue life evaluation. It has significant engineering significance in saving test costs, reducing test times and shortening development cycle.
Characterization and optimisation of physical/mechanical properties of aluminium/alumina/sugarcane‐bagasse‐powder composites using Taguchi technique
Authors: Choudhury A. , Nanda J. , Das S. N. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBurnt sugarcane bagasse powder (SCBP), with its low density, accessibility, and renewal, is an economically reinforcing material. This study fabricated composites, i. e., aluminium/alumina/burnt sugarcane bagasse powder, through the powder metallurgy route. The physical, mechanical, microscopic, and chemical characterization of the composites, such as relative density, microhardness, uniaxial compression, scanning electron microscopy, and x‐ray diffraction, has been conducted. There is a gain in relative density, microhardness and ultimate compression strength of about 2.25 %, 48.07 % and 33.34 % respectively, compared to the base composite (aluminium/4 wt.‐% alumina) at 3 wt.‐% burnt sugarcane bagasse powder. The Taguchi methodology is used as a statistical tool to optimise the response variables. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to find the contribution of input parameters to response variables, and the regression models have been developed. The contribution of factors ‘burnt sugarcane bagasse powder wt.‐%’ and ‘time’ on relative density is 81.65 % and 13.64 %, respectively, while the contribution of the same factors on microhardness is 95.98 % and 3.377 %, respectively. The results of the Taguchi method reveal that the optimised conditions for the highest relative density and microhardness are 3 wt.‐% burnt sugarcane bagasse powder and 2.5 h, which have confirmed the experimental results.
Powder coating waste filler in high‐density polyethylene – Variations in morphology, mechanical and thermal performance
Authors: Kısmet Y. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the present study, electrostatic powder coating waste was recycled and employed to reinforce high‐density polyethylene. The hydrolysis method was preferred to modify the powder coating waste of various systems, and they were mixed with high‐density polyethylene at various weight ratios. The mixtures were prepared in a mechanical mixer and then in an extruder to obtain a homogeneous mixture. This homogeneous structure was pressed into molds with a plastic injection device to obtain standard tensile samples. Mechanical and thermal tests were conducted on the samples. It was determined that the tensile stress of the sample decreased with the increase in filler content. The changes in sample tensile strength were investigated after the samples were aged. Three‐point bending strength of the samples was also investigated and it was observed that they became more resistant to vertical loads as the filler content increased. The Izod impact strength of the samples differed based on the filler type and weight ratio. Furthermore, mass loss in the produced mixtures was determined with thermogravimetric analysis. The matrix and filler bonding mechanisms were observed under an electron microscope.
Heterogeneous effect of economic policy uncertainty and firm financial performance: Empirical evidence from India
Authors: Chakradhar Jadhav , Gupta Ritika 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGlobally, high levels of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) have revamped the debate about its impact on different economic parameters of firms. In this regard, the literature exhibits three gaps. First, the effect of EPU on firm financial performance in an emerging economy context. Second, whether the influence of EPU on firm performance is asymmetric? Lastly, the moderating role of leverage in the relationship between EPU and firm performance. This paper fills all three gaps using the real options theory and investment irreversibility theory for India's NIFTY 100 firms over the period 2010–2019. The study applies several panel data econometrics models suitable to obtain comprehensive and robust results. Specifically, findings from the two‐step system GMM confirm that EPU negatively influences financial performance, which is significant for both accounting (return on assets, return on equity, net profit margin) and market (Tobin's Q) based measures. Moreover, the results of panel quantile regression reveal considerable heterogeneity in the EPU‐financial performance relationship. Further, higher levels of EPU appear to have unfavorable effects on excessively indebted firms. Overall, the study recommends that governments need to be alerted to the fact that mitigating EPU is crucial for promoting sustainable firm financial performance.
Optimal allocation of solar photovoltaic distributed generation for performance enhancement of electrical distribution networks considering optimal volt‐var regulation under uncertainty and high load variation
Authors: Hareche Mohamed Lokmane , Ladjici Ahmed Amine 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article proposes an optimal placement and sizing of photovoltaic (PV) power systems based distributed generation (DG) in radial electrical distribution networks considering the capability of PV inverters to regulate the voltage by optimal injecting and absorbing reactive power at the point of common coupling (PCC) using honey badger algorithm (HBA), as a recent and efficient optimization algorithm to solve the complicated optimal allocation. Several objective functions are achieved for distribution system performance enhancement: minimizing the power loss and the voltage deviation index (VDI) and maximizing the voltage stability index (VSI). Based on historical data and probabilistic models, seasonal hourly solar irradiance, ambient temperature, and load variation curves have been modeled, which simultaneously consider the light, normal, and heavy load demand. The essential components of distribution power systems have been characterized. To investigate the validity of the proposed approach, IEEE 33 and IEEE 69 BUS radial distribution test systems have been considered for power flow (PF) analyses, where Newton's Raphson method has been applied to solve the PF issue. The simulation results of different numerical scenarios have shown the effectiveness and validity of the newly proposed method to solve the optimal allocation problem considering optimal volt‐var regulation control of PV inverters compared to several valid and robust optimization algorithms.
Governance characteristics and feelings of safety are associated with attitudinal success in community‐based natural resource management & conservation organizations in northern Kenya
Authors: Walker Lindsay A. , Gohil Deepali , Hedges Joseph , Mulder Monique Borgerhoff , King Juliet , Currie Thomas E. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

For Community‐based Conservation (CBC) projects to be effective in the long‐term, they need to receive the support of the communities involved. Assessing whether CBC governance systems are working effectively is challenging, and it is important to evaluate both the characteristics of these governance systems, and the perceptions of community members. It is also important to understand how factors other than the governance features of individual CBC organizations may affect feelings of satisfaction.

Using existing data collected by a local NGO in northern Kenya from 2014 to 2017, we investigated whether characteristics indicative of good governance have increased over time in 28 community‐owned natural resource management & conservation organizations (“conservancies”). We also assessed whether the presence of good governance characteristics, and other factors (whether community members feel safe, conservancy population size, and age of conservancy) predict the degree to which community members reported feeling satisfied with their conservancy.

We adapted an existing monitoring dataset that captured governance, management, and administration practices. We created a modified index that focussed on concepts that have been identified in wider literature as being important aspects of the governance of socio‐ecological systems.

Our analyses produced the following main findings:

Characteristics of good governance significantly increased in conservancies over the study period.
Self‐reported satisfaction with a conservancy was most strongly predicted by self‐reported feelings of safety and our measure of good governance.
Livestock raiding and land/boundary conflicts appears to be the security issues most closely associated with community members reporting that they feel unsafe.

Our adapted measure of governance and analyses provide a more robust assessment of the idea that governance characteristics of conservancies improved in meaningful ways during the study period. However, these analyses also point to the ways in which the monitoring of governance of CBC projects could be improved by incorporating or strengthening assessments of concepts that are known to be of importance in governing the use of natural resources.

Our analyses of community members' satisfaction with their conservancies point to the need for CBC projects to consider interactions with other groups in the wider landscape, and to engage with issues of governance at different levels of organization.

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