bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic Review of Preventive and Acute Treatment of Menstrual Migraine
Authors: Nierenburg Hida del C. , Ailani Jessica , Malloy Michele , Siavoshi Sara , Hu Nancy N. , Yusuf Nadia 
Published: August 2015

ObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review is to identify the efficacy of different categories of treatments for menstrual migraines as found in randomized controlled trials or open label studies with similar efficacy endpoints.BackgroundMenstrual migraine is very common and approximately 50% of women have increased risk of developing migraines related to the menstrual cycle. Attacks of menstrual migraine are usually more debilitating, of longer duration, more prone to recurrence, and less responsive to acute treatment than nonmenstrual migraine attacks.MethodsSearch for evidence was done in 4 databases that included PubMed, EMBASE, Science Direct, and Web of Science. Eighty‐four articles were selected for full text review by 2 separate readers. Thirty‐six of the 84 articles were selected for final inclusion. Articles included randomized controlled and open label trials that focused on efficacy of acute and preventative therapies for menstrual migraine. Secondary analyses where excluded because the initial study population was not women with menstrual migraine.ResultsAfter final screening, 11 articles were selected for acute and 25 for preventive treatment of menstrual migraine. These were further subdivided into treatment categories. For acute treatment: triptans, combination therapy, prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor, and ergot alkaloids. For preventive treatment: triptans, combined therapy, oral contraceptives, estrogen, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug, phytoestrogen, gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist, dopamine agonist, vitamin, mineral, and nonpharmacological therapy were selected. Overall, triptans had strong evidence for treatment in both acute and short term prevention of menstrual migraine.ConclusionsBased on this literature search, of all categories of treatment for menstrual migraine, triptans have the most extensive research with strong evidence for both acute and preventive treatment of menstrual migraine. Further randomized controlled trials should be performed for other therapies to strengthen their use in the care of menstrual migraine patients.
Spalt‐like transcription factor 4 immunopositivity is associated with epithelial cell adhesion molecule expression in combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Tanaka Yuki , Aishima Shinichi , Kohashi Kenichi , Okumura Yukihiko , Wang Huanlin , Hida Tomoyuki , Kotoh Kazuhiro , Shirabe Ken , Maehara Yoshihiko , Takayanagi Ryoichi , Oda Yoshinao 
Published: August 2015

AimCombined hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC) (cHCC‐CC) is a rare biphasic liver cancer. Recent studies have demonstrated that cHCC‐CC originates from hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs). Spalt‐like transcription factor 4 (SALL4) is a marker for a progenitor subclass of HCC with an aggressive phenotype. However, little has been revealed about SALL4 expression in cHCC‐CC. The aims of this study were to report SALL4 immunopositivity and the results of clinicopathological analysis in cHCC‐CC, and to examine the two different nuclear immunostaining patterns for SALL4.Methods and resultsWe defined the diffuse finely granular nuclear immunostaining pattern as immunopositive for SALL4; this was observed in eight (8.9%) of 90 cHCC‐CCs. SALL4 immunopositivity was significantly associated with immunopositivity for α‐fetoprotein, glypican 3, and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM). There was no relationship between SALL4 immunopositivity and prognosis. We confirmed SALL4 mRNA expression in samples with a punctuate/clumped immunostaining pattern, which showed a significantly lower rate of immunopositivity for EpCAM than those with a diffuse finely granular pattern.ConclusionsSALL4 immunopositivity is not a prognostic factor in cHCC‐CC; however, it is associated with α‐fetoprotein, glypican 3 and EpCAM immunopositivity, indicating the mechanism of carcinogenesis. Further study is necessary to interpret the immunostaining pattern for SALL4.
A prospective randomized controlled trial assessing the efficacy of adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Yildiz Hamza , Senol Levent , Ercan Erdinc , Bilgili Memet Ersan , Karabudak Abuaf Ozlem 
Published: August 2015

AbstractHyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) appears to enhance wound healing, increase bactericidal activity, and act synergistically with a number of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of HBOT as an adjunctive therapy in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) treated with a combination of systemic rifampicin and clindamycin. The study was a prospective, single‐center, single‐dose, open‐label, randomized controlled clinical study of HBOT in patients with moderate to severe HS. Efficacy was measured by modified Sartorius score (SS), HS Severity Index (HSSI), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), and a visual analog scale (VAS) before treatment and after the completion of 4 and 10 weeks of treatment. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels were also measured. Forty‐three patients were enrolled in the study. More patients in the HBOT than in the control group showed a decrease of ≥50% from baseline parameters at week 10 for SS (100%), HSSI (100%), DLQI (95.5%), VAS (100%), ESR (100%), and CRP (72.7%). Clinically and statistically significant improvements from baseline were observed at 4 and 10 weeks in HSSI (P = 0.009 at both), SS (P = 0.021 at both), and DLQI (P = 0.044 at week 4, P = 0.009 at week 10). Adjunctive HBOT was considered to be effective in significantly improving antibiotic treatment of HS. The treatment was well tolerated, and no unexpected safety issues were identified.
Patient‐reported outcome after treatment of urinary incontinence in a multidisciplinary pelvic care clinic
Authors: Vrijens Desiree MJ , Spakman Jolanda I , van Koeveringe Gommert A , Berghmans Bary 
Published: August 2015

ObjectivesTo assess patient‐reported outcome and satisfaction regarding urinary incontinence 1 year after the end of treatment in a multidisciplinary pelvic care clinic.MethodsA total of 647 patients with urinary incontinence seen in an academic multidisciplinary pelvic care clinic were prospectively included in a specific triage system. Patient‐reported improvement of urinary incontinence and patient satisfaction were assessed by telephone survey 1 year after the end of treatment.ResultsJust 15.6% of patients presented with one single pelvic floor problem, most had two or three pelvic functional disorders simultaneously, such as urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse and constipation or fecal incontinence. One year after the end of treatment, of 440 responders (68%), 18.2% reported no remaining complaints, and 33.4% reported only one complaint. Patients reported a significant improvement of the mean severity (scale 0–10) of urinary incontinence from 7.2 ±1.6 pretreatment (=T0) to 4.3 ± 3.0 1 year after the end of treatment (P < 0.001). A total of 20.6% of patients reported no urinary incontinence after 1 year (P < 0.001), and 27.6% (P < 0.001) stopped using incontinence pads. Patients claimed high satisfaction with the clinic and care received, with 35.8% being “satisfied” and 45.5% “very satisfied.”ConclusionAt 1 year after the end of treatment, one out of five patients with urinary incontinence recovered completely, and more than one out of four stopped using incontinence absorption pads. One out of three patients went from having a multifactorial health problem to a monofactorial health problem. High satisfaction rates were reported by more than four out of five patients.
The distribution of cave twilight‐zone spiders depends on microclimatic features and trophic supply
Authors: Manenti Raoul , Lunghi Enrico , Ficetola Gentile Francesco 
Published: August 2015

AbstractCaves are not closed systems. Trophic dynamics in these habitats are driven by resource availability, and species that move between cave and outdoor environments may play a major role in resource availability. Spiders are among the most abundant invertebrates in caves; however, very few studies have tested factors hypothesized to affect the distribution of spiders among caves, and it is not known whether the trophic features of caves play a role in determining the occurrence, abundance, or breeding success of spiders. We assessed the distribution of the cave‐dwelling orb‐weaver spider Meta menardi in Italy, in a Mediterranean and in a Pre‐alpine area during summer and winter. We analyzed the relationships between spider distribution and multiple cave features, describing both the abiotic and the biotic environment. Using visual encounter surveys, the detection probability of this species was high, indicating that this technique provides reliable information on spider distribution. In Mediterranean caves, spider presence was more likely in cold and wet caves with abundant dipterans. In Pre‐alpine caves, spider presence was more likely in deep caves with abundant dipterans. Dipteran abundance was the variable best explaining spider distribution when pooling all sampled caves. This study shows that adults of M. menardi do not occur randomly among caves, but select caves with specific features. Prey availability and abiotic features are major determinants of habitat suitability for cave spiders. The strong relationship between spider distribution and prey availability suggests that the distribution of these spiders might be an indicator of the resources available in the twilight zones of caves.
Development and initial validation of the Parental PELICAN Questionnaire (PaPEQu) – an instrument to assess parental experiences and needs during their child's end‐of‐life care
Authors: Zimmermann Karin , Cignacco Eva , Eskola Katri , Engberg Sandra , Ramelet Anne‐Sylvie , Von der Weid Nicolas , Bergstraesser Eva 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAimTo develop and test the Parental PELICAN Questionnaire, an instrument to retrospectively assess parental experiences and needs during their child's end‐of‐life care.BackgroundTo offer appropriate care for dying children, healthcare professionals need to understand the illness experience from the family perspective. A questionnaire specific to the end‐of‐life experiences and needs of parents losing a child is needed to evaluate the perceived quality of paediatric end‐of‐life care.DesignThis is an instrument development study applying mixed methods based on recommendations for questionnaire design and validation.MethodThe Parental PELICAN Questionnaire was developed in four phases between August 2012–March 2014: phase 1: item generation; phase 2: validity testing; phase 3: translation; phase 4: pilot testing. Psychometric properties were assessed after applying the Parental PELICAN Questionnaire in a sample of 224 bereaved parents in April 2014. Validity testing covered the evidence based on tests of content, internal structure and relations to other variables.ResultsThe Parental PELICAN Questionnaire consists of approximately 90 items in four slightly different versions accounting for particularities of the four diagnostic groups. The questionnaire's items were structured according to six quality domains described in the literature. Evidence of initial validity and reliability could be demonstrated with the involvement of healthcare professionals and bereaved parents.ConclusionThe Parental PELICAN Questionnaire holds promise as a measure to assess parental experiences and needs and is applicable to a broad range of paediatric specialties and settings. Future validation is needed to evaluate its suitability in different cultures.
More on the genetical theory of multilevel selection
Authors: Gardner A. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIn my article The genetical theory of multilevel selection, I provided a synthesis of the theory of multilevel selection (MLS) and the theory of natural selection in class‐structured populations. I framed this synthesis within Fisher's genetical paradigm, taking a strictly genetical approach to traits and fitness. I showed that this resolves a number of long‐standing conceptual problems that have plagued the MLS literature, including the issues of ‘aggregate’ vs. ‘emergent’ group traits, ‘collective fitness1’ vs. ‘collective fitness2’ and ‘MLS1’ vs. ‘MLS2 ‘. In his commentary, Goodnight suggests this theoretical and conceptual synthesis is flawed in several respects. Here, I show this is incorrect, by: reiterating the theoretical and conceptual goals of my synthesis; clarifying that my genetical approach to traits is necessary for a proper analysis of the action of MLS independently of non‐Darwinian factors; emphasizing that the Price–Hamilton approach to MLS provides a consistent, useful and conceptually superior theoretical framework; and explaining the role of reproductive value in the study of natural selection in class‐structured populations. I also show that Goodnight's contextual analysis treatment of MLS in a class‐structured population is mathematically, biologically and conceptually inadequate.
Protective efficacy of Nigella sativa seeds and oil against columnaris disease in fishes
Authors: Mohammed H H , Arias C R 
Published: August 2015

AbstractColumnaris disease, caused by the bacterium Flavobacterium columnare, is currently the most frequently reported bacterial disease affecting farm‐raised channel catfish in the USA. Common treatments against the disease include the use of medicated feed that has led to emergent antibiotic resistant strains of F. columnare. Nigella sativa (Black cumin) is a medicinal herb commonly used by many cultures as a natural remedy for numerous disorders. Recently, we have discovered the antibacterial activity of N. sativa and its oil extract against F. columnare. In this study, we showed N. sativa oil (NSO) strongly inhibited the growth of all of the strains of F. columnare tested and yielded significantly larger zones of inhibition than those produced by oxytetracyclin. We tested the protective effect against columnaris disease in vivo by incorporating NSO (5%) or N. sativa seeds (NSS) (5%) into fish feeds. Fishes (Ictalurus punctatus and Danio rerio) fed amended diets displayed significantly lower mortality than those fed control diets. Per cent mortalities in control groups ranged from 77% to 44% and from 70% to 18% in zebrafish and channel catfish, respectively. A dose study using different NSS concentrations showed that 5% NSS offered the most protection against columnaris disease in channel catfish.
Hybrid Input‐Output Life Cycle Assessment of First‐ and Second‐Generation Ethanol Production Technologies in Brazil
Authors: Watanabe Marcos D. B. , Chagas Mateus F. , Cavalett Otávio , Guilhoto Joaquim J. M. , Griffin W. Michael , Cunha Marcelo P. , Bonomi Antonio 
Published: August 2015

SummaryA hybrid approach combining life cycle assessment and input‐output analysis was used to demonstrate the economic and environmental benefits of current and future improvements in agricultural and industrial technologies for ethanol production in Brazilian biorefineries. In this article, three main scenarios were evaluated: first‐generation ethanol production with the average current technology; the improved current technology; and the integration of improved first‐ and second‐generation ethanol production. For the improved first‐generation scenario, a US$1 million increase in ethanol demand can give rise to US$2.5 million of total economic activity in the Brazilian economy when direct and indirect purchases of inputs are considered. This value is slightly higher than the economic activity (US$1.8 million) for an energy equivalent amount of gasoline. The integration of first‐ and second‐generation technologies significantly reduces the total greenhouse gas emissions of ethanol production: 14.6 versus 86.4 grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (g CO2‐eq/MJ) for gasoline. Moreover, emissions of ethanol can be negative (–10.5 g CO2‐eq/MJ) when the system boundary is expanded to account for surplus bioelectricity by displacement of natural gas thermal electricity generation considering electricity produced in first‐generation optimized biorefineries.
The effect of cognitive appraisal in middle‐aged women stroke survivors and the psychological health of their caregivers: a follow‐up study
Authors: Wu Ming‐Hsiu , Lee Sheuan , Su Hui‐Yi , Pai Hsiang‐Chu 
Published: August 2015

Aims and objectivesThis study identified the factors that affect health‐related quality of life at one and six months post‐stroke in women who have undergone a mild stroke and that affect their informal caregivers’ psychological health status.BackgroundMiddle‐aged women perform the main care roles in a family. When they suffer a stroke, it upsets the equilibrium of their family life.DesignThis is a longitudinal design.MethodsThis prospective follow‐up study recruited 41 middle‐aged women stroke survivors (mean age = 54·95, SD = 9·63) and their informal caregivers (mean age = 41·56, SD = 15·93). The Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36) was used to assess stroke survivor's health‐related quality of life, and the Chinese Health Questionnaire was used to measure the level of depression of the stroke survivor's informal caregiver. Data were analysed through descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests and the generalised estimating equation approach for modelling repeatedly measures.ResultsAll stroke survivors showed significant improvement in the physical component summary of the health‐related quality of life at one and six months after stroke, but there was no significant difference in the mental component summary. In addition, there was no significant difference in the health of the informal caregivers of the women over time. Generalised estimating equation analysis showed that the most important determinant of mental component summary of health‐related quality of life among women stroke survivors was cognitive appraisal. The informal caregivers’ most important determinants of health status, as measured by level of depression, were their sense of coherence, burden and patients’ mental component summary of the health‐related quality of life.ConclusionThis study highlights the impact of cognitive appraisal in determining health‐related quality of life of women stroke survivors and how it affects their caregivers’ mental health.Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings of this study may contribute to home care nurses’ understanding the importance of the psychosocial impact of the stroke for the survivor and their ability to help the surviving women to promote the confidence needed for self‐care, which will contribute to their quality of life and affect their caregivers’ health.
Does your organization use gender inclusive forms? Nurses' confusion about trans* terminology
Authors: Carabez Rebecca , Pellegrini Marion , Mankovitz Andrea , Eliason Mickey , Scott Megan 
Published: August 2015

Aims and objectivesTo describe nurses confusion around trans* terminology and to provide a lesson in Trans* 101 for readers.BackgroundOf the estimated 9 million persons in the United States of America who are identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender, about 950,000 (0·2–0·5% of adult population) are identified as trans* (a term that encompasses the spectrum, including transgender, transsexual, trans man, trans woman and other terms). The Institute of Medicine (2011, The health of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people: Building a foundation for better understanding. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC) identified transgender persons as an understudied population with significant need for health research, yet the nursing literature contains little guidance for educating nurses on trans* issues.DesignThis is a mixed methods structured interview design with nurse key informants. The scripted interview was based on the Health Care Equality Index, which evaluates patient‐centred care to lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender patients and families. These data were part of a larger research study that explored the current state of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender‐sensitive nursing practice.MethodUndergraduate nursing students recruited and interviewed 268 nurse key informants about gender inclusive forms (capable of identifying trans* patients) at their agencies.ResultsOnly 5% reported use of gender inclusive forms, 44% did not know about inclusive forms, 37% did not understand what a gender inclusive form was and 14% confused gender with sexual orientation.ConclusionThe study demonstrated a critical need for education in gender identity and sexual orientation terminology.Relevance to clinical practiceThe lack of understanding of concepts and terminology may affect basic care of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender patients especially those who identify as transgender.
Modified early warning scoring (MEWS): evaluating the evidence for tool inclusion of sepsis screening criteria and impact on mortality and failure to rescue
Authors: Roney Jamie K. , Whitley Barbara Erin , Maples Jessica C. , Futrell Lexie Scarborough , Stunkard Kimberley A. , Long JoAnn D. 
Published: August 2015

Aims and objectivesTo evaluate current research evidence reporting outcomes from modified early warning scoring system tools utilisation to prevent failure to rescue in hospitalised adult medical‐surgical/telemetry patients.BackgroundEarly sepsis detection exhibits clinical significance to practitioners and patients. Thorough and timely clinical observations, along with a willingness of nurses to call for help, are pivotal to survival of hospitalised patients. This project examined effects of modified early warning scoring system tool usage on patient mortality and failure to rescue events in hospitalised adult medical‐surgical/telemetry patients as reported in the literature.DesignA comprehensive review and evaluation of published peer‐reviewed literature was conducted.MethodsElectronic databases searched included PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library of systematic reviews and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality through 2014.ResultsEighteen articles were identified for review. Evidence ratings included 6% (1) Level I, 44% (8) Level IV, 6% (1) Level V, 33% (6) Level VI and 11% (2) Level VII. Six reported mortality predictive value and/or reduction, three measured impact on emergency calls, and four reported impact on mortality and rapid response team utilisation.ConclusionWhile modified early warning scoring system tools have been widely adopted and are recommended for utility in detection of inpatients at‐risk for clinical deterioration, limited high‐level data and no clinical trials linking use of modified early warning scoring system tool usage to robust outcomes were found. Established criteria for validating modified early warning scoring system criteria, organisational‐specific reliability testing and multi‐site trials are recommended.Relevance to clinical practiceDevelopment of all‐cause illness screening tools, including sepsis, is imperative. The clinical picture may be quantified with scoring tools to assist nurses’ clinical decision‐making, thus leading to improved outcomes and decreased incidence of failure to rescue. Clinical outcomes of interest should be measured and reported in peer‐reviewed literature to disseminate the impact on clinical outcomes.