bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypomania-Checklist-33: risk stratification and factor structure in a mixed psychiatric adolescent sample
Authors: Gerstenberg Miriam , Smigielski Lukasz , Werling Anna M. , Dimitriades Maria E. , Correll Christoph U. , Walitza Susanne , Angst Jules 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The 33-item Hypomania Checklist (HCL-33) has been shown to distinguish between adolescent bipolar disorder (BD) and unipolar depression. To investigate the utility of the HCL-33 as a screening tool in routine diagnostics, the frequency and psychopathological characteristics of detected individuals in a mixed psychiatric sample necessitate more examination.

Methods
The HCL-33, Children’s Depression Inventory, Beck’s Anxiety Inventory, and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire were completed by 285 children and adolescents (12–18 years) in a mixed psychiatric sample. Applying the proposed HCL-33 cut-off score of ≥ 18, individuals with depressive symptoms were divided into at-risk or not at-risk for BD groups. The factorial structure, sum and factor score correlations with psychopathology, and impact on daily functioning were assessed.

Results
20.6% of the sample met at-risk criteria for BD. These individuals (n = 55) were older, more anxious, and showed more conduct problems vs the not at-risk group (n = 107). A two- and a three-factor model were pursued with the same Factor 1 (“active-elated”). Factor 2 (“risk-taking/irritable”) was separated into 2a (“irritable-erratic”) and 2b (“outgoing-disinhibited”) in the three-factor model. Whereas higher Factor 2 and 2a scores correlated with a broad range of more severe symptomatology (i.e., depression, anxiety, hyperactivity), higher Factor 1 and 2b scores correlated with more emotional and conduct problems, respectively. 51.7% of the sample reported a negative impact from hypomanic symptoms on daily functioning.

Limitations
Cross-sectional design and data collection in a single mental health service.

Conclusions
The HCL-33 may be a useful tool to improve diagnostics, especially in adolescents with depressive symptoms additionally presenting with anxious symptoms and conduct problems.
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens identify DNMT1 as a druggable dependency in sonic hedgehog medulloblastoma
Authors: Tsiami Foteini , Lago Chiara , Pozza Noemi , Piccioni Federica , Zhao Xuesong , Lülsberg Fabienne , Root David E. , Tiberi Luca , Kool Marcel , Schittenhelm Jens , Bandopadhayay Pratiti , Segal Rosalind A. , Tabatabai Ghazaleh , Merk Daniel J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSonic hedgehog subgroup of medulloblastoma (SHH-MB) is characterized by aberrant activation of the SHH signaling pathway. An inhibition of the positive SHH regulator Smoothened (SMO) has demonstrated promising clinical efficacy. Yet, primary and acquired resistance to SMO inhibitors limit their efficacy. An understanding of underlying molecular mechanisms of resistance to therapy is warranted to bridge this unmet need. Here, we make use of genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens in murine SMB21 and human DAOY cells, in order to unravel genetic dependencies and drug-related genetic interactors that could serve as alternative therapeutic targets for SHH-MB. Our screens reinforce SMB21 cells as a faithful model system for SHH-MB, as opposed to DAOY cells, and identify members of the epigenetic machinery including DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) as druggable targets in SHH-dependent tumors. We show that Dnmt1 plays a crucial role in normal murine cerebellar development and is required for SHH-MB growth in vivo. Additionally, DNMT1 pharmacological inhibition alone and in combination with SMO inhibition effectively inhibits tumor growth in murine and human SHH-MB cell models and prolongs survival of SHH-MB mouse models by inhibiting SHH signaling output downstream of SMO. In conclusion, our data highlight the potential of inhibiting epigenetic regulators as a novel therapeutic avenue in SMO-inhibitor sensitive as well as resistant SHH-MBs.
The Changsha historic urban area: a study on the evolution characteristics and influencing factors of the connectivity of construction land
Authors: Zhang Boyang , Fan Jinyu , Zhang Piao , Shen Sha , Ren Yangming 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study aims to understand the connectivity characteristics of construction land during the spatial evolution of historic urban areas. The complex network analysis method is employed to examine the evolution of the spatial structure of construction land in the four periods of the Changsha historic urban area. The results indicate that the spatial network morphology of construction land follows a repeated development pattern resembling a cluster–mother–child relationship. Additionally, the vulnerability in the evolution of land use spatial relationships is very low, while the overall stability of the land use network structure decreases. The spatial equilibrium of land use shows a downwards trend, the accessibility of land where existing cultural relics and historic sites are located is generally moderate to low, and some plots require improvement. In the evolution of connectivity in the construction land of historic urban areas, the main development challenges are the uneven growth caused by imbalanced land value influenced by capital and the need to balance the preservation of land use patterns with improved accessibility to cultural relics and historic sites. Therefore, it is highly important to dynamically detect and optimize the network structure of construction land to protect and develop historic urban areas.
Young people’s trust in institutions, civic knowledge and their dispositions toward civic engagement
Authors: Schulz Wolfram 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRecent years have witnessed signs of increasing political instability in democratic countries as well as growing alienation from civic institutions and processes among citizens, especially among young people. Within the context of civic and citizenship education, it is important to review such phenomena and study their extent among young people as well as the factors that have the potential of promoting different forms of citizenship engagement. Using data from the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) 2016 and 2009, this article provides insights into the expectations of young people to actively engage as citizens in the future and what influences these expectations, with a primary focus on the role of civic knowledge and trust in civic institutions.Results from ICCS 2009 and 2016 show that while large majorities among young people expected to vote in elections, only relatively few found it likely to be more actively involved in political action. Except for engagement in illegal protest, young people’s expected participation in general appeared to be positively related to trust. However, associations with civic knowledge were more differentiated. Trust and civic knowledge tended to have negative correlations in countries with higher levels of perceived corruption, while a different association became apparent in democracies with more transparent institutions. Civic knowledge was consistently positively related to anticipated voting while it was negatively related to expected illegal protest. More knowledgeable students were also less inclined to consider active (conventional) forms of political participation in the future.
Precursory seismic quiescence of major earthquakes along the Sagaing fault zone, central Myanmar: application of the pattern informatics technique
Authors: Traitangwong Premwadee , Khamsiri Sutthikan , Pailoplee Santi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, the precursory seismic activity before a major earthquake was investigated by using the Pattern Informatics (PI) algorithm along the Sagaing fault zone (SFZ), Central Myanmar. After improving the earthquake catalog, the completeness of seismicity data with Mw ≥ 3.6 reported during 1980–2020 was used in retrospective testing to find the suitable parameters of the PI algorithm. According to the retrospective test with 6 cases of different forecast period times related to Mw ≥ 5.0 earthquakes, including verification using the relative operating characteristics (ROC) diagram, the characteristic parameters of both time intervals (change time and forecast time window) = 10 years and target forecast earthquake magnitude Mw ≥ 5.0 are suitable parameters for PI investigation along the SFZ. Therefore, these parameters were applied with the most up-to-date seismic dataset to evaluate the prospective areas of upcoming major earthquakes. The results reveal that the Myitkyina and the vicinity of Naypyidaw might be at risk of a major earthquake in the future. Therefore, effective earthquake mitigation plans should be urgently arranged.
Biodegradation: the best solution to the world problem of discarded polymers
Authors: Wu Jun , Wang Jia , Zeng Yicheng , Sun Xinxiao , Yuan Qipeng , Liu Ling , Shen Xiaolin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe widespread use of polymers has made our lives increasingly convenient by offering a more convenient and dependable material. However, the challenge of efficiently decomposing these materials has resulted in a surge of polymer waste, posing environment and health risk. Currently, landfill and incineration treatment approaches have notable shortcomings, prompting a shift towards more eco-friendly and sustainable biodegradation approaches. Biodegradation primarily relies on microorganisms, with research focusing on both solitary bacterial strain and multi-strain communities for polymer biodegradation. Furthermore, directed evolution and rational design of enzyme have significantly contributed to the polymer biodegradation process. However, previous reviews often undervaluing the role of multi-strain communities. In this review, we assess the current state of these three significant fields of research, provide practical solutions to issues with polymer biodegradation, and outline potential future directions for the subject. Ultimately, biodegradation, whether facilitated by single bacteria, multi-strain communities, or engineered enzymes, now represents the most effective method for managing waste polymers.
Graphical Abstract
Appendiceal goblet cell adenocarcinoma with perineural invasion extending into the ileocecal lesion
Authors: Hosokawa Yuka , Fujiyoshi Sunao , Imaizumi Ken , Shibata Kengo , Ichikawa Nobuki , Yoshida Tadashi , Homma Shigenori , Kudo Takeaki , Okazaki Nanase , Tomaru Utano , Taketomi Akinobu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Appendiceal goblet cell adenocarcinoma (GCA) is a rare subtype of primary appendiceal adenocarcinoma with an incidence of 1–5 per 10,000,000 people per year. Appendiceal tumors are often diagnosed after appendectomy for acute appendicitis. Notably, however, there is currently no standard treatment strategy for GCA, including additional resection. We report a case of appendiceal GCA with perineural extension into the cecum, in which ileal resection was considered effective.

Case presentation
A 41-year-old man was diagnosed with acute appendicitis and underwent appendectomy. Histopathological findings revealed GCA (T3, Pn1). He was referred to our hospital for additional resection. Preoperative examination indicated a diagnosis of GCA cT3N0M0. Laparoscopic ileocecal resection and D3 lymph node dissection were performed 2 months after initial appendectomy. The patient had a good postoperative course and was discharged 8 days after surgery. Histopathological findings showed a GCA invading the cecum, despite an intact appendiceal stump, no lymph node metastasis, no vascular invasion, and no horizontal extension into the submucosa. Direct invasion of the tumor through the serosa was not observed, but perineural extension was conspicuous in the cecum, suggesting that the GCA extended into the cecum via perineural invasion. The resection margins were negative. The patient has survived free of recurrence for a year after ileocecal resection.

Conclusions
The current patient was diagnosed with appendiceal GCA following appendectomy for acute appendicitis. Despite intact of appendiceal stump and no evidence of lymph node or distant metastasis, he underwent laparoscopic ileocecal resection and D3 lymph node dissection 2 months after initial appendectomy, with a favorable outcome. Despite the detection of perineural invasion, the patient declined adjuvant therapy. This case suggests that extensive resection may be required in patients with appendiceal GCA, but the role of adjuvant therapy remains unclear.
Impact of a community-based participatory research project with underserved communities at risk for hepatitis C virus in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: an evaluation study
Authors: Thao My Nguyen Le , Quoc Giang Nguyen , An My Do Thi , Minh Hieu Nguyen , Hong Son Pham , Thai Anh Hoang , Thi Phung Than , Thanh Vy Nguyen Thuy , Thi Ngoc Tran , Minh Thuan Nguyen , Flower Barnaby , Cooke Graham S. , Chambers Mary , Van Nuil Jennifer Ilo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Participatory approaches have become a widely applied research approach. Despite their popularity, there are many challenges associated with the evaluation of participatory projects. Here we describe an evaluation of a community-based participatory research study of underserved communities in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam at risk for hepatitis C virus. The goals of our evaluation were to explore the main benefits and challenges of implementing and participating in a participatory study and to describe study impacts.

Methods
We conducted two meetings with leaders and members of the participating groups followed by in-depth interviews with 10 participants. We then held a dissemination meeting with over 70 participants, including the representatives of each group, researchers from non-governmental organizations (community-based, national and international), and govenrment officials from the Vietnam Ministry of Health and the Department of Health of HCMC.

Results
Results include four categories where we describe first the participatory impacts, followed by the collaborative impacts. Then we describe the benefits and challenges of creating and belonging to one of the groups, from members’ and leaders’ points of view. Finally, we describe the key suggestions that participants provided for future research.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the evaluation approach led to both a research reflection on the ‘success’ of the project and enabled participants themselves to reflect on the outcomes and benefits of the study from their point of view.
Metamaterial design for aortic aneurysm simulation using 3D printing
Authors: Sakai Arthur K. F. , Cestari Ismar N. , de Sales Eraldo , Mazzetto Marcelo , Cestari Idágene A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The use of three-dimensional (3D) printed anatomic models is steadily increasing in research and as a tool for clinical decision-making. The mechanical properties of polymers and metamaterials were investigated to evaluate their application in mimicking the biomechanics of the aortic vessel wall.

Methodology
Uniaxial tensile tests were performed to determine the elastic modulus, mechanical stress, and strain of 3D printed samples. We used a combination of materials, designed to mimic biological tissues’ properties, the rigid VeroTM family, and the flexible Agilus30™. Metamaterials were designed by tessellating unit cells that were used as lattice-reinforcement to tune their mechanical properties. The lattice-reinforcements were based on two groups of patterns, mainly responding to the movement between links/threads (chain and knitted) or to deformation (origami and diamond crystal). The mechanical properties of the printed materials were compared with the characteristics of healthy and aneurysmal aortas.

Results
Uniaxial tensile tests showed that the use of a lattice-reinforcement increased rigidity and may increase the maximum stress generated. The pattern and material of the lattice-reinforcement may increase or reduce the strain at maximum stress, which is also affected by the base material used. Printed samples showed max stress ranging from 0.39 ± 0.01 MPa to 0.88 ± 0.02 MPa, and strain at max stress ranging from 70.44 ± 0.86% to 158.21 ± 8.99%. An example of an application was created by inserting a metamaterial designed as a lattice-reinforcement on a model of the aorta to simulate an abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Conclusion
The maximum stresses obtained with the printed models were similar to those of aortic tissue reported in the literature, despite the fact that the models did not perfectly reproduce the biological tissue behavior.
Development and validation of a rapid loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for the detection of Chrysomyxa and characterization of Chrysomyxa woroninii overwintering on Picea in China
Authors: Yu Wan Ting , Wang Xin , Yin Tan , Tsui Clement Kin-Ming , You Chong Juan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChrysomyxa rusts cause significant damage to spruce in both natural forests and plantations. Particularly, Three Chrysomyxa species, Chrysomyxa deformans, Chrysomyxa qilianensis, and Chrysomyxa rhododendri, listed as National Forest Dangerous Pests in China, have severely affected many economically and ecologically important spruce native species in China. Also, Chrysomyxa arctostaphyli, an important plant quarantine fungus, causes a damaging broom rust disease on spruce. Therefore, rapid, and efficient detection tools are urgently needed for proper rust disease detection and management. In this study, a sensitive, genus-specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay targeting the ITS-28S rRNA region was developed to detect the presence of Chrysomyxa in spruce needle and bud samples. After optimization and validation, the LAMP assay was found to be sensitive to detect as low as 5.2 fg/µL DNA, making it suitable for rapid on-site testing for rust infection. The assay was also specific to Chrysomyxa species, with no positive signals from other rust genus/species. The application of LAMP in the early detection of rust infections in spruce needles and buds was investigated, and spatial colonization profiles as well as the means of overwintering of Chrysomyxa woroninii in infected buds and branches were verified using the LAMP assay. This LAMP detection method will facilitate further studies on the characteristics of the life cycle and inoculation of other systemic rusts.
Role of diffusion tensor imaging of extra ocular muscles and orbital fat in Graves’s ophthalmopathy and relation to disease activity
Authors: Hussein Manar Mansour , Mohamed Mohamed Ghonem , Mousa Amany Abdel Hamid , Baiomy Azza Abd El Baky , Abdel Razek Ahmed Abd El Khalek , El Ghani Mohamed Roshdi Abd 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) is one of the most common autoimmune inflammatory disorders affecting the orbit that characterized by swelling of extra ocular muscles (EOMs) and expansion of the orbital fat. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) could assess the microstructural integrity of tissue. We aimed at this study to assess the role of DTI in the evaluation of EOMs and orbital fat in GO and identify the relationship with disease activity.

Results
Case–control study included 40 patients diagnosed as Graves’ disease (20 active and 20 inactive) and 10 health control subjects underwent DTI. Low fraction anisotropy (FA) and high mean diffusivity (MD) of inferior rectus (IR), medial rectus (MR) and orbital fat in GO versus healthy control (HC), while high FA and high MD in active group versus inactive group. In order to differentiate between GO and HC; FA cutoff point of IR, MR& orbital fat were 0.46, 0.45 and 0.26 with sensitivity 98.8%,98.8% and 93.8% and specificity 95.0%, 95.0% and 85%, respectively. MD cutoff point for IR, MR and orbital fat 1.24, 1.27 and 1.275 with sensitivity 97.5%, 98.8% and 98.8% and specificity 95.0%, 95% and 95%, respectively. To differentiate between active and inactive GO; FA cutoff point of IR, MR and orbital fat were 0.35, 0.36 and 0.22 respectively with sensitivity 80.0%, 82.5% and 72.5% and specificity 95.0%, 85.0% and 65.0%, respectively. MD cutoff point for IR, MR and orbital fat were 1.58, 1.63 and 1.54 respectively with sensitivity 90.0%, 97.5% and 85.0%, and specificity 90.0%, 80.0% and 62.5%, respectively.

Conclusions
DTI parameters (FA and MD) of EOMs and orbital fat are considered as crucial radiological biomarkers for diagnosis of GO and could quantitatively differentiate active form inactive disease.
Specifying behavioural and strategy components of de-implementation efforts targeting low-value prescribing practices in secondary health care
Authors: Dunsmore Jennifer , Duncan Eilidh , MacLennan Sara , N’Dow James , MacLennan Steven 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
/Aims
De-implementation, including the removal or reduction of unnecessary or inappropriate prescribing, is crucial to ensure patients receive appropriate evidence-based health care. The utilization of de-implementation efforts is contingent on the quality of strategy reporting. To further understand effective ways to de-implement medical practices, specification of behavioural targets and components of de-implementation strategies are required. This paper aims to critically analyse how well the behavioural targets and strategy components, in studies that focused on de-implementing unnecessary or inappropriate prescribing in secondary healthcare settings, were reported.

Methods
A supplementary analysis of studies included in a recently published review of de-implementation studies was conducted. Article text was coded verbatim to two established specification frameworks. Behavioural components were coded deductively to the five elements of the Action, Actor, Context, Target, Time (AACTT) framework. Strategy components were mapped to the nine elements of the Proctor’s ‘measuring implementation strategies’ framework.

Results
The behavioural components of low-value prescribing, as coded to the AACTT framework, were generally specified well. However, the Actor and Time components were often vague or not well reported. Specification of strategy components, as coded to the Proctor framework, were less well reported. Proctor’s Actor, Action target: specifying targets, Dose and Justification elements were not well reported or varied in the amount of detail offered. We also offer suggestions of additional specifications to make, such as the ‘interactions’ participants have with a strategy.

Conclusion
Specification of behavioural targets and components of de-implementation strategies for prescribing practices can be accommodated by the AACTT and Proctor frameworks when used in conjunction. These essential details are required to understand, replicate and successfully de-implement unnecessary or inappropriate prescribing. In general, standardisation in the reporting quality of these components is required to replicate any de-implementation efforts.

Trial registration
Not registered.