bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SGLT2 inhibitors attenuate endothelial to mesenchymal transition and cardiac fibroblast activation
Authors: Schmidt Kevin , Schmidt Arne , Groß Sonja , Just Annette , Pfanne Angelika , Fuchs Maximilian , Jordan Maria , Mohr Elisa , Pich Andreas , Fiedler Jan , Thum Thomas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBeneficial effects of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) in cardiovascular diseases have been extensively reported leading to the inclusion of these drugs in the treatment guidelines for heart failure. However, molecular actions especially on non-myocyte cells remain uncertain. We observed dose-dependent inhibitory effects of two SGLT2is, dapagliflozin (DAPA) and empagliflozin (EMPA), on inflammatory signaling in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Proteomic analyses and subsequent enrichment analyses discovered profound effects of these SGLT2is on proteins involved in mitochondrial respiration and actin cytoskeleton. Validation in functional oxygen consumption measurements as well as tube formation and migration assays revealed strong impacts of DAPA. Considering that most influenced parameters played central roles in endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT), we performed in vitro EndMT assays and identified substantial reduction of mesenchymal and fibrosis marker expression as well as changes in cellular morphology upon treatment with SGLT2is. In line, human cardiac fibroblasts exposed to DAPA showed less proliferation, reduced ATP production, and decelerated migration capacity while less extensive impacts were observed upon EMPA. Mechanistically, sodium proton exchanger 1 (NHE1) as well as sodium-myoinositol cotransporter (SMIT) and sodium-multivitamin cotransporter (SMVT) could be identified as relevant targets of SGLT2is in non-myocyte cardiovascular cells as validated by individual siRNA-knockdown experiments. In summary, we found comprehensive beneficial effects of SGLT2is on human endothelial cells and cardiac fibroblasts. The results of this study therefore support a distinct effect of selected SGLT2i on non-myocyte cardiovascular cells and grant further insights into potential molecular mode of action of these drugs.
Association between vitamin B1 intake and hyperuricemia in adults
Authors: Li Yi-Ming , Xu Xiao-Hu , Xu Xiao-Fan , Yang Xia-Xia , Dai Yi-Long , Song Dong-Xue , Jin Cheng-Qiang , Jia Yan-Xia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStudies investigating the relationship between dietary vitamin B1 intake and risk of Hyperuricemia (HU) are scarce, the present study aimed to examine the association of dietary vitamin B1 intake and HU among adults. This cross-sectional study included 5750 adults whose data derived from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from March 2017 to March 2020. The dietary intake of vitamin B1 was assessed using 24-h dietary recall interviews. The characteristics of study participants were grouped into five levels according to the levels of vitamin B1 quintile. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of HU, according to the vitamin B1 intake quintile for male and female separately. The dose–response relationship was determined by the restricted cubic spline (RCS). Smoothed curve fitting was used to assess serum uric acid concentration versus dietary vitamin B1 intake in the study population. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 18.90% (20.15% and 17.79% for males and females, respectively) in the United States from March 2017 to March 2020. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that in the male population, the HU ratio (OR) of vitamin B1 intake in Q2 to Q5 compared with the lowest quintile (Q1) was 0.75 (95% CI 0.52, 1.09), 0.70 (95% CI 0.48, 1.02), 0.66 (95% CI 0.44, 0.99) and 0.55 (95% CI 0.34, 0.90). The P for trend was 0.028. In women, the ORs for vitamin B1 intake Q2 to Q5 were 0.87 (95% CI 0.64, 1.19), 0.97 (0.68–1.38), 1.05 (0.69–1.60) and 0.75 (0.42–1.34), respectively. The P for trend was 0.876. The RCS curve revealed a linear relationship between vitamin B1 intake and the risk of hyperuricemia in men (P nonlinear = 0.401). Smoothed curve fitting demonstrated a negative association between vitamin B1 intake and serum uric acid concentration in men, whereas there was no significant association between dietary vitamin B1 intake and the risk of hyperuricemia in women. In the US adult population, dietary vitamin B1 intake was negatively associated with hyperuricemia in males.
Unveiling the ecotoxicological effects of azoxystrobin-based fungicides at realistic concentrations on the land snail, Theba pisana
Authors: Radwan Mohamed A. , Gad Amira F. , Abd El-Aziz Amira M. , El-Gendy Kawther S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe ecotoxicological consequences of azoxystrobin on land snails have not yet been addressed. Therefore, the present study aims to provide novel data on the threat of a commercial grade azoxystrobin (AMISTAR) at two environmentally relevant concentrations (0.3 µg/ml) and tenfold (3 µg/ml) on the model species, Theba pisana by physiological, biochemical, and histopathological markers for 28 days. Our results showed a reduction in animal food consumption and growth due to exposure to both azoxystrobin concentrations. It also induced oxidative stress and led to a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels after 7 days of exposure, while the opposite effect occurred after 28 days. Except for the 7-day exposure, all treated snails had significantly reduced glutathione (GSH) content and increased catalase (CAT) activity at all-time intervals. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities, and protein content (PC) were elevated in treated snails at all-time intervals. Moreover, alterations in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity between a decrease and an increase were noticed. Additionally, azoxystrobin exerted changes in T. pisana hepatopancreas architecture. Our study suggests that azoxystrobin may have negative ecological consequences for T. pisana and highlights its potential risks to the natural environment.
Ecofriendly micellar mediated spectrofluorimetric method for ultrasensitive quantification of the antiparkinsonian drug safinamide in pharmaceutical formulation and spiked human plasma
Authors: Ibrahim Engy A. , Marzouk Hoda M. , Hegazy Maha A. , Fattah Laila E. Abdel , Saad Samah S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA novel, highly sensitive and eco-friendly micellar-mediated spectrofluorimetric method was developed and validated for the determination of the novel antiparkinsonian drug safinamide mesylate in the presence of its related precursor impurity, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. The proposed approach relies on increasing the inherent fluorescence emission at 296 nm of safinamide, by forming hydrogen bonds between the mentioned drug and sodium dodecyl sulfate in the micellar system using 0.1 N HCl as a solvent, following excitation at 226 nm. A thorough investigation was conducted into the experimental factors affecting spectrofluorimetric behavior of the studied drug. A linearity plot of safinamide over the concentration range of 10.0–1000.0 ng/mL against the relative fluorescence intensities was established. The proposed method demonstrated excellent sensitivity down to the nano-gram level with detection and quantitation limits of 1.91 and 5.79 ng/mL, respectively. The studied drug was effectively determined in Parkimedine® Tablets. Furthermore, the proposed method allows for ultrasensitive quantification of safinamide in spiked human plasma, with satisfactory percentage recovery (98.97–102.28%). Additionally, the greenness assessment using the advanced green certificate classification approach, the complementary green analytical procedure index (Complex-GAPI), and the analytical GREEness metric approach (AGREE), along with the practicality check using the Blue Applicability Grade Index in addition to the all-inclusive overall whiteness evaluation using the RGB-12 model were carried out. The outcomes demonstrated the effectiveness and whiteness of the proposed technique. Clearly, the suggested approach has the advantages of being simple, requiring no pretreatment steps, and relying solely on direct measuring procedures.
Perception and adaptation of receptive prosody in autistic adolescents
Authors: Kurumada Chigusa , Rivera Rachel , Allen Paul , Bennetto Loisa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA fundamental aspect of language processing is inferring others’ minds from subtle variations in speech. The same word or sentence can often convey different meanings depending on its tempo, timing, and intonation–features often referred to as prosody. Although autistic children and adults are known to experience difficulty in making such inferences, the science remains unclear as to why. We hypothesize that detail-oriented perception in autism may interfere with the inference process if it lacks the adaptivity required to cope with the variability ubiquitous in human speech. Using a novel prosodic continuum that shifts the sentence meaning gradiently from a statement (e.g., “It’s raining”) to a question (e.g., “It’s raining?”), we have investigated the perception and adaptation of receptive prosody in autistic adolescents and two groups of non-autistic controls. Autistic adolescents showed attenuated adaptivity in categorizing prosody, whereas they were equivalent to controls in terms of discrimination accuracy. Combined with recent findings in segmental (e.g., phoneme) recognition, the current results provide the basis for an emerging research framework for attenuated flexibility and reduced influence of contextual feedback as a possible source of deficits that hinder linguistic and social communication in autism.
Sleep architecture in idiopathic hypersomnia: the influence of age, sex, and body mass index
Authors: Deshaies-Rugama Anne-Sophie , Mombelli Samantha , Blais Hélène , Sekerovic Zoran , Massicotte MiaClaude , Thompson Cynthia , Nigam Milan , Carrier Julie , Desautels Alex , Montplaisir Jacques , Gosselin Nadia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to progress the understanding of idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) by assessing the moderating influence of individual characteristics, such as age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) on sleep architecture. In this retrospective study, 76 IH participants (38.1 ± 11.3 years; 40 women) underwent a clinical interview, an in-laboratory polysomnography with a maximal 9-h time in bed and a multiple sleep latency test (MSLT). They were compared to 106 healthy controls (38.1 ± 14.1 years; 60 women). Multiple regressions were used to assess moderating influence of age, sex, and BMI on sleep variables. We used correlations to assess whether sleep variables were associated with Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores and mean sleep onset latency on the MSLT in IH participants. Compared to controls, IH participants had shorter sleep latency (p = 0.002), longer total sleep time (p < 0.001), more time spent in N2 sleep (p = 0.008), and showed trends for a higher sleep efficiency (p = 0.023) and more time spent in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (p = 0.022). No significant moderating influence of age, sex, or BMI was found. More severe self-reported sleepiness in IH patients was correlated with shorter REM sleep latency and less N1 sleep in terms of proportion and duration (ps < 0.01). This study shows that, when compared to healthy controls, patients with IH had no anomalies in their sleep architecture that can explain their excessive daytime sleepiness. Moreover, there is no moderating influence of age, sex, and BMI, suggesting that the absence of major group differences is relatively robust.
Dynamic task offloading edge-aware optimization framework for enhanced UAV operations on edge computing platform
Authors: Suganya B. , Gopi R. , Kumar A. Ranjith , Singh Gavendra 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResource optimization, timely data capture, and efficient unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operations are of utmost importance for mission success. Latency, bandwidth constraints, and scalability problems are the problems that conventional centralized processing architectures encounter. In addition, optimizing for robust communication between ground stations and UAVs while protecting data privacy and security is a daunting task in and of itself. Employing edge computing infrastructure, artificial intelligence-driven decision-making, and dynamic task offloading mechanisms, this research proposes the dynamic task offloading edge-aware optimization framework (DTOE-AOF) for UAV operations optimization. Edge computing and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms integrate to decrease latency, increase mission efficiency, and conserve onboard resources. This system dynamically assigns computing duties to edge nodes and UAVs according to proximity, available resources, and the urgency of the tasks. Reduced latency, increased mission efficiency, and onboard resource conservation result from dynamic task offloading edge-aware implementation framework (DTOE-AIF)'s integration of AI algorithms with edge computing. DTOE-AOF is useful in many fields, such as precision agriculture, emergency management, infrastructure inspection, and monitoring. UAVs powered by AI and outfitted with DTOE-AOF can swiftly survey the damage, find survivors, and launch rescue missions. By comparing DTOE-AOF to conventional centralized methods, thorough simulation research confirms that it improves mission efficiency, response time, and resource utilization.
Selective recovery of pyrolyzates of biodegradable (PLA, PHBH) and common plastics (HDPE, PP, PS) during co-pyrolysis under slow heating
Authors: Adachi Wakana , Kumagai Shogo , Shao Zhuze , Saito Yuko , Yoshioka Toshiaki 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPyrolytic synergistic interactions, in which the production of pyrolyzates is enhanced or inhibited, commonly occur during the co-pyrolysis of different polymeric materials, such as plastics and biomass. Although these interactions can increase the yield of desired pyrolysis products under controlled degradation conditions, the desired compounds must be separated from complex pyrolyzates and further purified. To balance these dual effects, this study was aimed at examining pyrolytic synergistic interactions during slow heating co-pyrolysis of biodegradable plastics including polylactic acid (PLA) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexaoate) (PHBH) and petroleum-based plastics including high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS). Comprehensive investigations based on thermogravimetric analysis, pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and evolved gas analysis-mass spectrometry revealed that PLA and PHBH decompose at lower temperatures (273–378 °C) than HDPE, PP, and PS (386–499 °C), with each polymer undergoing independent decomposition without any pyrolytic interactions. Thus, the independent pyrolysis of biodegradable plastics, such as PLA and PHBH, with common plastics, such as HDPE, PP, and PS, can theoretically be realized through temperature control, enabling the selective recovery of their pyrolyzates in different temperature ranges. Thus, pyrolytic approaches can facilitate the treatment of mixed biodegradable and common plastics.
Utility of 2.0 mm diameter Kirschner wires assembled with Wu’s Tension Traction Bows in calcaneal skeletal traction
Authors: Wang Chaoqun , Dong Shengnan , Li Xugui , Ma Jiakai , Stoeckle Ulrich , Gehlen Tobias , Ling Zexi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe 3.5 mm diameter or thicker Steinmann pins were commonly used in skeletal traction, which are so highly invasive that may result in severe complications such as pin tract infection and iatrogenic calcaneus fractures. Accordingly, Xirui Wu designed a new type of tension traction bow that can be assembled with 2.0 mm diameter Kirschner wires, but its effectiveness is unclear. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of 2.0 mm diameter Kirschner wires assembled with Wu’s Tension Traction Bows in calcaneal skeletal traction. Data of 65 patients who were admitted to our department with tibia fractures from January 2021 to June 2022 and underwent preoperative calcaneal skeletal traction were collected retrospectively. 36 patients treated with 2.0 mm diameter Kirschner wires assembled with Wu’s Tension Traction Bows were assigned into Group 1, and 29 patients treated with 3.5 mm diameter Steinmann pins assembled with Bohler’s traction bows were assigned into Group 2. Pins loosening, breakage, and calcaneus fractures occurred in neither group. No statistical differences were observed in traction weight, swelling reduction efficacy, and traction duration (P > 0.05). Statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in term of post-traction bleeding incidence, average bleeding duration, and mean size and healing time of traction wounds (P < 0.05). Though VAS pain score before traction and on the first two days after traction in Group 1 didn't differ from Group 2 (P > 0.05), it was significantly lower in Group 1 compared to Group 2 on the third day after traction (P = 0.030). This study demonstrates that 2.0 mm diameter Kirschner wires assembled with Wu’s Tension Traction Bows produce satisfied traction outcomes with less invasion and are recommended in calcaneal skeletal traction.
Assessing the population structure and genetic variability of Kenyan native goats under extensive production system
Authors: Kichamu Nelly , Wanjala George , Cziszter Ludovic Toma , Strausz Péter , Astuti Putri Kusuma , Bagi Zoltán , Kusza Szilvia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIndigenous goats are important to many livelihoods. Despite this, they are subjected to indiscriminate crossbreeding. This affects their genetic variability which is needed to survive in current regime of climate change. The study assessed population structure and genetic diversity of Galla and Small East African goats (SEA) using pedigree information. A total of 7384 animals, 5222 of the Galla and 2162 of the SEA breeds, born between the years 1983 and 2022, were utilized. Individuals with known parents were defined as reference population. From the results, the maximum generation traced for Galla and SEA populations was 14.6 and 14.5, respectively. However, only 6 and 5 generations for Galla and SEA were complete. Pedigree completeness increased with the increasing number of generations. The average generation interval (GI) for Galla and SEA was 3.84 ± 0.04 and 4.4 ± 0.13 years. The average increase in the rate of inbreeding per generation for Galla and SEA was 0.04 and 0.05, with the effective ancestors and founders (fa/fe) ratio being same (1.00) for both breeds. Fifty percent (50%) of the genetic variability in the populations was contributed by 3 and 1 ancestor for Galla SEA, respectively. The effective population size (Ne) was 5.19 and 4.77 for Galla and SEA. Therefore, the current breeding programs should be changed to avoid future genetic bottlenecks in this population. These findings offer an opportunity to enhance the current genetic status and management of Kenyan native goats and other regions with similar production systems.
Study on fluid inclusions and stable isotopics of W–Mo ore deposits in the Ningshan–Zhen’an area, South Qinling, China
Authors: He Hujun , Tian Hongxu , Han Ke , Yang Xingke , Zhao Yichen , Chao Huixia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe study of the fluid inclusions of W–Mo deposits in the mineralization area of Ningshan–Zhen’an , Shaanxi Province, China shows that the gas–liquid two-phase inclusions are mainly present in W–Mo deposits, and the ore-forming fluid can be divided into four types: high-temperature type, middle–high-temperature type, middle-temperature type and low-temperature type. The formation depths of the W–Mo mineralization range from 4.2 to 8.4 km. The boiling and mixing of fluid may have been important mechanisms for the formation of W–Mo mineralization. The skarn-type mineralization is dominated by magmatic water, the quartz-vein-type mineralization includes both magmatic water and meteoric water, and the meteoric water is more involved in the quartz-fluorite-vein-type, beryl-quartz-vein-type and pegmatite-type mineralization. Magma is the main source of sulfur; that is, magma is the main source of mineralization. Combined with the metallogenic setting and geological characteristics of typical ore deposits, in the process of structural system transformation in South Qinling, the ore-forming magma fluid in the Late Indosinian–Yanshanian period was uplifted and emplaced along the NW–WNW direction and NE–NNE direction, and eventually, NW–WNW fault-controlled skarn-type W–Mo mineralization and quartz-vein-type W–Mo deposits accompanied by greisenization, albitization and potash feldspathization formed.
Influence of AAV vector tropism on long-term expression and Fc-γ receptor binding of an antibody targeting SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Wagner Jannik T. , Müller-Schmucker Sandra M. , Wang Wenjun , Arnold Philipp , Uhlig Nadja , Issmail Leila , Eberlein Valentina , Damm Dominik , Roshanbinfar Kaveh , Ensser Armin , Oltmanns Friederike , Peter Antonia Sophia , Temchura Vladimir , Schrödel Silke , Engel Felix B. , Thirion Christian , Grunwald Thomas , Wuhrer Manfred , Grimm Dirk , Überla Klaus 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLong-acting passive immunization strategies are needed to protect immunosuppressed vulnerable groups from infectious diseases. To further explore this concept for COVID-19, we constructed Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors encoding the human variable regions of the SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody, TRES6, fused to murine constant regions. An optimized vector construct was packaged in hepatotropic (AAV8) or myotropic (AAVMYO) AAV capsids and injected intravenously into syngeneic TRIANNI-mice. The highest TRES6 serum concentrations (511 µg/ml) were detected 24 weeks after injection of the myotropic vector particles and mean TRES6 serum concentrations remained above 100 µg/ml for at least one year. Anti-drug antibodies or TRES6-specific T cells were not detectable. After injection of the AAV8 particles, vector mRNA was detected in the liver, while the AAVMYO particles led to high vector mRNA levels in the heart and skeletal muscle. The analysis of the Fc-glycosylation pattern of the TRES6 serum antibodies revealed critical differences between the capsids that coincided with different binding activities to murine Fc-γ-receptors. Concomitantly, the vector-based immune prophylaxis led to protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in K18-hACE2 mice. High and long-lasting expression levels, absence of anti-drug antibodies and favourable Fc-γ-receptor binding activities warrant further exploration of myotropic AAV vector-based delivery of antibodies and other biologicals.
Insights into mechanisms of MALT1 allostery from NMR and AlphaFold dynamic analyses
Authors: Wallerstein Johan , Han Xiao , Levkovets Maria , Lesovoy Dmitry , Malmodin Daniel , Mirabello Claudio , Wallner Björn , Sun Renhua , Sandalova Tatyana , Agback Peter , Karlsson Göran , Achour Adnane , Agback Tatiana , Orekhov Vladislav 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma-translocation protein 1 (MALT1) is an attractive target for the development of modulatory compounds in the treatment of lymphoma and other cancers. While the three-dimensional structure of MALT1 has been previously determined through X-ray analysis, its dynamic behaviour in solution has remained unexplored. We present here dynamic analyses of the apo MALT1 form along with the E549A mutation. This investigation used NMR 15N relaxation and NOE measurements between side-chain methyl groups. Our findings confirm that MALT1 exists as a monomer in solution, and demonstrate that the domains display semi-independent movements in relation to each other. Our dynamic study, covering multiple time scales, along with the assessment of conformational populations by Molecular Dynamic simulations, Alpha Fold modelling and PCA analysis, put the side chain of residue W580 in an inward position, shedding light at potential mechanisms underlying the allosteric regulation of this enzyme.