bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FISH and tips: a large scale analysis of automated versus manual scoring for sperm aneuploidy detection
Authors: Martinez Guillaume , Gillois Pierre , Le Mitouard Marine , Borye Rémy , Esquerré-Lamare Camille , Satre Véronique , Bujan Louis , Hennebicq Sylviane 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background
Approximately 1% of the spermatozoa found in ejaculate of healthy men are aneuploid and this rate increases in the population of subfertile and infertile men. Moreover, fertilization with these aneuploid sperm can lead to impaired embryo development. Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) is the common cytogenetic tool used for aneuploidy screening on sperm. However, it is a time-consuming technique and cytogenetic or in vitro fertilization laboratories cannot routinely use it and face the increasing demand of such analyses before Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART). As automation can be a clue for routine practice, this study compares manual and automated scoring of sperm aneuploidy rates using a Metafer Metasystems® device. The results obtained also contribute to global data about FISH on sperm cells.

Methods
We recruited 100 men addressed for sperm cryopreservation. They all signed an informed consent to participate in the study. 29 men were donors or consulted before vasectomy (control group) and 71 were suffering of Hodgkin’s disease or non Hodgkin lymphoma (patient group). One semen sample was collected for each patient, analyzed according to WHO criteria and prepared for a triple-color FISH using centromeric probes for chromosomes 18, X and Y. Automated scoring was performed using a Metafer Metasystems® device.

Results
507,019 cells were scored. We found a strong concordance between the automated and the manual reading (d < 0.01 in Bland-Altman test). We also did not find a statistically significant difference between the automated and the manual reading using Wilcoxon test for total aneuploidy rate (p = 0.06), sex chromosomes disomy (p = 0.33), chromosome 18 disomy (p = 0.39) and diploidy (p = 0.21). Cumulative rate of total aneuploidy was 0.78% ± 0.212% for patient group and 0.54% ± 0.15 for control group and among this, sex chromosome XY disomy rate was of 0.54% for patient group and 0.27% for control group.

Conclusion
This study validates the automated reading for FISH on sperm with a Metafer Metasystems® device and allows its use in a laboratory routine.
Carbamoylation correlates of cyanate neuropathy and cyanide poisoning: relevance to the biomarkers of cassava cyanogenesis and motor system toxicity
Authors: Kimani Samuel , Moterroso Victor , Lasarev Mike , Kipruto Sinei , Bukachi Fred , Maitai Charles , David Larry , Tshala-Katumbay Desire 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
We sought to elucidate the protein carbamoylation patterns associated with cyanate neuropathy relative to cyanide poisoning. We hypothesized that under a diet deficient in sulfur amino acids (SAA), the carbamoylation pattern associated with cyanide poisoning is similar to that of cyanate neuropathy. Male rats (6–8 weeks old) were fed a diet with all amino acids (AAA) or 75%-deficiency in SAA and treated with 2.5 mg/kg/body weight (bw) NaCN, or 50 mg/kg/bw NaOCN, or 1 μl/g/bw saline, for up to 6 weeks. Albumin and spinal cord proteins were analyzed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Only NaOCN induced motor deficits with significant levels of carbamoylation. At Day 14, we found a diet-treatment interaction effect on albumin carbamoylation (p = 0.07). At Day 28, no effect was attributed to diet (p = 0.71). Mean number of NaCN-carbamoylated sites on albumin was 47.4% higher relative to vehicle (95% CI:16.7-86.4%). Only NaOCN carbamoylated spinal cord proteins, prominently, under SAA-restricted diet. Proteins targets included myelin basic and proteolipid proteins, neurofilament light and glial fibrillary acidic proteins, and 2', 3' cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase. Under SAA deficiency, chronic but not acute cyanide toxicity may share biomarkers and pathogenetic similarities with cyanate neuropathy. Prevention of carbamoylation may protect against the neuropathic effects of cyanate.
Classical cardiovascular disease risk factors associate with vascular function and morphology in rheumatoid arthritis: a six-year prospective study
Authors: Sandoo Aamer , Chanchlani Neil , Hodson James , Smith Jacqueline P , Douglas Karen M , Kitas George D 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Introduction
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). An early manifestation of CVD is endothelial dysfunction which can lead to functional and morphological vascular abnormalities. Classical CVD risk factors and inflammation are both implicated in causing endothelial dysfunction in RA. The objective of the present study was to examine the effect of baseline inflammation, cumulative inflammation, and classical CVD risk factors on the vasculature following a six-year follow-up period.

Methods
A total of 201 RA patients (155 females, median age (25th to 75th percentile): 61 years (53 to 67)) were examined at baseline (2006) for presence of classical CVD risk factors and determination of inflammation using C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). At follow-up (2012) patients underwent assessments of microvascular and macrovascular endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent function, along with assessment of carotid atherosclerosis. The CRP and ESR were recorded from the baseline study visit to the follow-up visit for each patient to calculate cumulative inflammatory burden.

Results
Classical CVD risk factors, but not RA disease-related inflammation, predicted microvascular endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent function, macrovascular endothelium-independent function and carotid atherosclerosis. These findings were similar in a sub-group of patients free from CVD, and not receiving non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors or biologics. Cumulative inflammation was not associated with microvascular and macrovascular endothelial function, but a weak association was apparent between area under the curve for CRP and carotid atherosclerosis.

Conclusions
Classical CVD risk factors may be better long-term predictors of vascular function and morphology than systemic disease-related inflammation in patients with RA. Further studies are needed to confirm if assessments of vascular function and morphology are predictive of long-term CV outcomes in RA.
From the Editor's desk
Authors: Bhui Kamaldeep 
Published: December 2013

Is psychiatry too political?Writing on the morning of 10 November I am aware of all the Remembrance Sunday ceremonies taking place to commemorate the tragic loss of life associated with wars. A series of ceremonies reach even children's football matches played on village greens, schools, universities and hospitals. Psychiatric research investigates the impact of war and conflict on civilians and on soldiers, but rarely what causes war and conflict and how to prevent these. Such an aspiration might be considered too political and outside the scope of medicine, until we have to deal with the consequences of war. Fears about politicisation of medicine abound because of the historical abuses by nations at war. There is less understanding of what local politics and psychiatry share as common endeavours in today's world of population health and publically funded services. Local politics, local governments and public preferences are important components of preventive psychiatry. Earlier this week, a senior highly renowned and brilliant medical (non-psychiatric) colleague of mine queried that much psychiatric research seemed political, and dismissed it as being outside the realms of medicine and medical sciences – not least my own areas of research on health inequalities. I deliberated with some alacrity why political engagement was something to be celebrated not stigmatised, as psychiatric research informs decisions of importance to local people and is of great societal and health benefit. And there are devastating effects on health if public policy or laws are not evidence-based.
Neurology in the German training system for psychiatrists – a personal view
Authors: Thiels Cornelia 
Published: December 2013

SummaryIn mid-19th-century Germany the conviction that ‘mental disease is brain disease’ was accompanied by a call for social reform in psychiatry. During neurology training, future psychiatrists often encounter patients with mental disorders rarely seen in psychiatric departments and learn how to avoid misdiagnosing brain diseases as mental disorders.
Varieties of decisional incapacity: Theory and practice
Authors: Kim Scott Y. H. 
Published: December 2013

SummaryEvaluation of decision-making capacity (DMC) for treatment is challenging. Owenet al, in this issue of theJournal, compare the abilities (understanding, appreciation and reasoning) relevant to DMC in medical and psychiatric patients. Here I discuss three key issues their article raises and that are relevant to the direction of future research.
Community treatment orders: Current evidence and the implications
Authors: Rugkåsa Jorun , Dawson John 
Published: December 2013

SummaryCommunity treatment orders (CTOs) have been widely introduced to address the problems faced by ‘revolving door’ patients. A number of case–control studies have been conducted but show conflicting results concerning the effectiveness of CTOs. The Oxford Community Treatment Order Evaluation Trial (OCTET) is the third randomised controlled trial (RCT) to show that CTOs do not reduce rates of readmission over 12 months, despite restricting patients' autonomy. This evidence gives pause for thought about current CTO practice. Further high-quality RCTs may settle the contentious debate about effectiveness.
Screening for psychiatric morbidity in police custody: results
from the HELP-PC project
Authors: McKinnon Iain , Srivastava Samir , Kaler Gurpreet , Grubin Don 
Published: December 2013

Aims and methodTo ascertain the efficacy of custody health screening for mental
disorders. We assessed a sample of detainees for the presence of mental
disorders and the need for an appropriate adult. The assessments were
carried out using pragmatic interviews and examinations supported by
structured tools. Where possible, we attributed a probable clinical
diagnosis based on the information available to us. The need for an
appropriate adult was judged based on this information and capacity
assessments.ResultsExisting screening procedures missed a quarter of cases of severe mental
illness and moderate depression; they also failed to detect about a half
of those at risk of alcohol withdrawal and 70% of those at risk of
withdrawal from crack cocaine. The need for an appropriate adult was not
recognised in more than half of cases.Clinical implicationsConsideration should be given to modifying police screening procedures
for mental and associated disorders so that detainees receive the
appropriate attention.
The long case: the case against its revival
Authors: Burn Wendy , Brittlebank Andrew 
Published: December 2013

SummaryIn their editorial, Michael et al focus on what they see as
shortcomings in one important area of clinical assessment of psychiatrists
in training and they suggest that methods of workplace-based assessment have
failed. However, current thinking in assessment of doctors is to consider
assessment systems as a whole and we contend that both forms of assessment –
clinical examinations and workplace-based assessments – are needed because
they fulfil different needs. This is not to argue that more should not be
done to ensure that all who are involved in the assessment of doctors are
better prepared for the task or that the current portfolio of assessment
methods is complete.
Research Skills As A Basis For School Students Research Activities In The Ad-Hoc Designed Educational Environment
Authors: Мамыкина  , Mamykina Lyudmila 
Published: December 2013

The concept of scientific research skills
is defined as a foundation for competence-based
research activities of higher school students, taking
place in the ad-hoc designed educational
environment. Structure and content elements of
the educational environment designed especially
for the task of upbringing professionals are
discussed. The musts for fostering scientific research
competence are outlined.
Acoustic Efficiency of Shredded Nonporous Polymeric Materials as a Part of Bulk Noise-Attenuating Modules
Authors: Фесина  , Fesina M. , Краснов  , Krasnov A. , Горина  , Gorina L. 
Published: December 2013

The results of researches related to acoustic efficiency of shredded nonporous polymeric structures from the solid waste used as a
part of bulk noise-attenuating modules are presented in this work. The air-tight structures of materials subjected to corresponding
technological procedures of crushing with formation of semi-finished products, in particular, in the form of rubber crumb, film
chips and polymeric granules are considered. The reached improvements of sound-absorbing efficiency of bulk noise-attenuating
modules’ model samples are analyzed. Ecological and cost advantages of use of the noise-attenuating devices containing shredded
porous sound-absorbing structures have been noted.
Plasmid linearization changes shape and efficiency of transfection complexes
Authors: Lehner Roman , Wang Xueya , Hunziker Patrick 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe ability to efficiently transfect plasmid DNA (pDNA) into eukaryotic cells has exerted major impact on scientific research in recent years, and translation to clinical application is ongoing, but challenging. In addition to the choice of the delivery vector, the topology of the DNA seems to be a key factor for efficient transfection. The nanostructured DNA/Vector complexes may differ in size, charge, and shape, for example. This study therefore investigated the transfection efficiency of circular versus linearized plasmid DNA using a GFP expressing vector with Lipofectamine2000 and linear 25 kDA polyethylenimine (PEI). Transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity were measured by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Shape was determined by transmission electron microscopy. Transfection agent concentrations were chosen below the toxicity level. We determined the optimal N/P ratio over 48 h by using two different concentrations of plasmid DNA. With the increase of DNA concentration and increasing N/P ratio, transfection efficiency also increased. Our results showed a better transfection efficiency with the circular compared to the linearized DNA, under the same experimental conditions for both Lipofectamine and PEI. In electron microscopy, there was a notable difference in the shape of the complexes: circular DNA had random coil appearance in well compacted, roughly spherical shape, while linearized DNA appeared as worm-like strands, both, when complexed with Lipofectamine or with polyethyleneimine. This generates the hypothesis that the shape of the transfection particle may be an important factor for successful gene transfer.
Parenting a Child with a Cleft: The Father's Perspective
Authors: Stock Nicola Marie , Rumsey Nichola 
Published: December 2013

Objective To explore the impact of having a child born with a cleft lip and/or palate from the father's perspective. Design Individual qualitative telephone interviews. Participants A total of 15 fathers of children born with cleft lip and/or palate were recruited throughout the U.K. via advertisements. Results Supported by a number of subthemes, four overarching themes were identified: variations in care and support; appraisals of the cleft; perceptions of treatment; and looking back and moving forward. Conclusions Fathers reported experiences comparable to those previously reported by mothers, in addition to a number of further support and information needs. Participants played a key role in supporting their families through the treatment process, yet fathers are underrepresented in the research literature. Recommendations are made for the adequate inclusion of fathers in future research and in relation to methods of support for fathers through their children's diagnosis and treatment.
Early Lexical Characteristics of Toddlers with Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Hardin-Jones Mary , Chapman Kathy L. 
Published: December 2013

Objective To examine development of early expressive lexicons in toddlers with cleft palate to determine whether they differ from those of noncleft toddlers in terms of size and lexical selectivity. Design Retrospective. Patients A total of 37 toddlers with cleft palate and 22 noncleft toddlers. Main Outcome Measures The groups were compared for size of expressive lexicon reported on the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory and the percentage of words beginning with obstruents and sonorants produced in a language sample. Differences between groups in the percentage of word initial consonants correct on the language sample were also examined. Results Although expressive vocabulary was comparable at 13 months of age for both groups, size of the lexicon for the cleft group was significantly smaller than that for the noncleft group at 21 and 27 months of age. Toddlers with cleft palate produced significantly more words beginning with sonorants and fewer words beginning with obstruents in their spontaneous speech samples. They were also less accurate when producing word initial obstruents compared with the noncleft group. Conclusions Toddlers with cleft palate demonstrate a slower rate of lexical development compared with their noncleft peers. The preference that toddlers with cleft palate demonstrate for words beginning with sonorants could suggest they are selecting words that begin with consonants that are easier for them to produce. An alternative explanation might be that because these children are less accurate in the production of obstruent consonants, listeners may not always identify obstruents when they occur.
The expression of the eotaxins IL-6 and CXCL8 in human epithelial cells from various levels of the respiratory tract
Authors: Paplińska-Goryca Magdalena , Nejman-Gryz Patrycja , Chazan Ryszarda , Grubek-Jaworska Hanna 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAirway epithelium acts as multifunctional site of response in the respiratory tract. Epithelial activity plays an important part in the pathophysiology of obstructive lung disease. In this study, we compare normal human epithelial cells from various levels of the respiratory tract in terms of their reactivity to pro-allergic and pro-inflammatory stimulation. Normal human nasal, bronchial and small airway epithelial cells were stimulated with IL-4 and IL-13. The expressions of the eotaxins IL-6 and CXCL8 were evaluated at the mRNA and protein levels. The effects of pre-treatment with IFN-γ on the cell reactivity were measured, and the responses to TNF-α, LPS and IFN-γ were evaluated. All of the studied primary cells expressed CCL26, IL-6 and IL-8 after IL-4 or IL-13 stimulation. IFN-γ pre-treatment resulted in decreased CCL26 and increased IL-6 expression in the nasal and small airway cells, but this effect was not observed in the bronchial cells. IL-6 and CXCL8 were produced in varying degrees by all of the epithelial primary cells in cultures stimulated with TNF-α, LPS or IFN-γ. We showed that epithelial cells from the various levels of the respiratory tract act in a united way, responding in a similar manner to stimulation with IL-4 and IL-13, showing similar reactivity to TNF-α and LPS, and giving an almost unified response to IFN-γ pre-stimulation.
Social, Environmental and Biological Determinants of Cerebral Palsy in Children with Intellectual Disabilities (ID) in India
Authors: Lakhan R 
Published: November 2013

Background Cerebral palsy (CP) is a global public health problem affecting 2.12 to 2.45 per 1000 live birth across the world. Cerebral palsy is an upper motor neuron, non-progressive disorder commonly associated with intellectual disability. The presence of cerebral palsy effects person’s overall life. Objectives This study primarily sought predictive capacity of social, environmental and biological determinants of CP in ID. Materials and Methods This is a cross-sectional study design. A total of 262 children, aged 3 to 18 years, with ID were assessed for cerebral palsy and diagnosed on basis of clinical examination in a community based rehabilitation project in Barwani, India. Information was collected by parent interviews, on social, environmental and biological determinants. A logistic regression model has been applied between determinants and CP. Results Logistic regression demonstrated that likelihood of CP in ID children can be predicted on bases of their age (odd ratio = 0.856, CI 95% - 0.76-0.95), intelligence quotients (IQ) (odd ratio = 0.782, CI 95% - 0.73-0.83) and family history of intellectual disabilities (odd ratio = 0.051, CI 95% - 2.36 -0.99) and epilepsy (odd ratio = 0.008, CI 95% - 2.58-1.28). Comorbid conditions of downs syndrome and epilepsy also predicts likelihood of CP in ID. Conclusion Likelihood of CP in ID children can be predicted by their age, IQ, family history of intellectual disability, epilepsy and comorbid conditions of downs syndrome and epilepsy. Gender, socio-economic status and population (tribal versus non-tribal) determinants have no predictive relation with CP in the group. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v3i3.9187 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2013;3(3): 262-268
Injury Prevention: A Public Health Concern for India
Authors: Lakhan R 
Published: November 2013

The poor implementation of traffic rules & regulations, heterogeneous mixed traffic, poorly designed roads, traffic vehicles, increasing speed, poor use of protective device such as helmet, drinking and driving, poor visibility, and poor trauma care are a major concern in reducing the prevalence of injuries and related outcome5. Looking at the magnitude of the problems, strong public health emphasis is needed in the areas of research, policy development, community education and awareness, and the health care system in India. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v3i3.9189 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2013;3(3): 275-276
Plagiarism: Who is responsible author or the journal editors?
Authors: Banerjee I , Roy B , Sathian B , Banerjee I , Saha A 
Published: November 2013

I am writing in context to an article recently been published in the Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, Volume 3, Issue 4, July-August 2013 entitled ‘’Medications For Anxiety: A Drug Utilization Study In Psychiatry Outpatients From A Tertiary Care Centre Of Eastern India’4. http://jddtonline.info/index.php/jddt/article/view/574 I was very shocked to see that the above article is plagiarized from one of my paper which is the most popular article 53475 views till 21st July 2013 in NJE, ‘’Medications for Anxiety: A Drug Utilization Study In Psychiatry Inpatients From A Tertiary Care Centre of Western Nepal’’5 published in Nepal Journal of Epidemiology on September 2011. http://nepjol.info/index.php/NJE/article/view/5753DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v3i3.9190 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2013;3(3): 277-278