bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zc and Zcs systems with operator mixing at NLO in QCD sum rules
Authors: Wu Ren-Hua , Wang Chen-Yu , Meng Ce , Ma Yan-Qing , Chao Kuang-Ta 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We study the mass spectra of hidden-charm tetraquark systems with quantum numbers (IG)JP = (1+)1+ (and their I = $$ \frac{1}{2} $$

1
2

partners) using QCD sum rules. The analysis incorporates the complete next-to-leading order (NLO) contribution to the perturbative QCD part of the operator product expansions, with particular attention to operator mixing effects due to renormalization group evolution. We find that both the parametric dependence and the perturbative convergence are significantly improved for the two mixed operators $$ {J}_{1,5}^{\textrm{Mixed}} $$

J

1
,
5

Mixed

and $$ {J}_{2,6}^{\textrm{Mixed}} $$

J

2
,
6

Mixed

, compared with those for the unmixed meson-meson or diquark-antidiquark type ones. For the $$ \overline{d}c\overline{c}u $$

d
¯

c

c
¯

u
system, the masses of $$ {J}_{1,5}^{\textrm{Mixed}} $$

J

1
,
5

Mixed

and $$ {J}_{2,6}^{\textrm{Mixed}} $$

J

2
,
6

Mixed

are determined to be $$ {3.89}_{-0.12}^{+0.18} $$

3.89

−
0.12

+
0.18

GeV and $$ {4.03}_{-0.07}^{+0.06} $$

4.03

−
0.07

+
0.06

GeV, respectively, closely matching those of Zc(3900) and Zc(4020). Similarly, for the $$ \overline{s}c\overline{c}u $$

s
¯

c

c
¯

u
states, the masses of $$ {J}_{1,5}^{\textrm{Mixed}} $$

J

1
,
5

Mixed

and $$ {J}_{2,6}^{\textrm{Mixed}} $$

J

2
,
6

Mixed

are found to be $$ {4.02}_{-0.09}^{+0.17} $$

4.02

−
0.09

+
0.17

GeV and $$ {4.21}_{-0.07}^{+0.08} $$

4.21

−
0.07

+
0.08

GeV, respectively, in close proximity to Zcs(3985)/Zcs(4000) and Zcs(4220), consistent with the expectation that they are the partners of Zc(3900) and Zc(4020). Our results highlight the crucial role of operator mixing, an inevitable effect in a complete NLO calculation, in achieving a robust phenomenological description for the tetraquark system.
Particle detectors under chronological hazard
Authors: Alonso-Serrano Ana , Tjoa Erickson , Garay Luis J. , Martín-Martínez Eduardo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We analyze how the presence of closed timelike curves (CTCs) characterizing a time machine can be discerned by placing a local particle detector in a region of spacetime which is causally disconnected from the CTCs. Our study shows that not only can the detector tell if there are CTCs, but also that the detector can separate topological from geometrical information and distinguish periodic spacetimes without CTCs (like the Einstein cylinder), curvature, and spacetimes with topological identifications that enable time-machines.
On AdS4 deformations of celestial symmetries
Authors: Bittleston Roland , Bogna Giuseppe , Heuveline Simon , Kmec Adam , Mason Lionel , Skinner David 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Celestial holography has led to the discovery of new symmetry algebras arising from the study of collinear limits of perturbative gravity amplitudes in flat space. We explain from the twistor perspective how a non-vanishing cosmological constant Λ naturally modifies the celestial chiral algebra. The cosmological constant deforms the Poisson bracket on twistor space, so the corresponding deformed algebra of Hamiltonians under the new bracket is automatically consistent. This algebra is equivalent to that recently found by Taylor and Zhu. We find a number of variations of the deformed algebra. We give the Noether charges arising from the expression of this algebra as a symmetry of the twistor action for self-dual gravity with cosmological constant.
Almost Optimal Upper Bound for the Ground State Energy of a Dilute Fermi Gas via Cluster Expansion
Authors: Lauritsen Asbjørn Bækgaard 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We prove an upper bound on the energy density of the dilute spin-

$$\frac{1}{2}$$

1
2

Fermi gas capturing the leading correction to the kinetic energy

$$8\pi a \rho _\uparrow \rho _\downarrow $$

8
π
a

ρ
↑

ρ
↓

with an error of size smaller than

$$a\rho ^{2}(a^3\rho )^{1/3-\varepsilon }$$

a

ρ
2

(

a
3

ρ
)

1
/
3
-
ε

for any

$$\varepsilon > 0$$

ε
>
0

, where a denotes the scattering length of the interaction. The result is valid for a large class of interactions including interactions with a hard core. A central ingredient in the proof is a rigorous version of a fermionic cluster expansion adapted from the formal expansion of Gaudin et al. (Nucl Phys A 176(2):237–260, 1971. https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(71)90267-3).
The effect of variations in experimental and computational fidelity on data assimilation approaches
Authors: Thompson Craig , Cadambi Padmanaban Uttam , Ganapathisubramani Bharathram , Symon Sean 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe conduct a comprehensive analysis of two data assimilation methods: the first utilizes the discrete adjoint approach with a correction applied to the production term of the turbulence transport equation, preserving the Boussinesq approximation. The second is a state observer method that implements a correction in the momentum equations alongside a turbulence model, both applied to fluid dynamics simulations. We investigate the impact of varying computational mesh resolutions and experimental data resolutions on the performance of these methods within the context of a periodic hill test case. Our findings reveal the distinct strengths and limitations of both methods, which successfully assimilate data to improve the accuracy of a RANS simulation. The performance of the variational model correction method is independent of input data and computational mesh resolutions. The state observer method, on the other hand, is sensitive to the resolution of the input data and CFD mesh.
Understanding Factors That Affect Willingness to Self-Manage a Pessary for Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A Questionnaire-Based Cross-Sectional Study of Pessary-Using Women in the UK
Authors: Dwyer Lucy , Rajai Azita , Dowding Dawn , Kearney Rohna 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction and Hypothesis
Pessary self-management offers benefits to women with no increased risk of complications. However, many are unwilling to self-manage, preferring clinician-led care. This study is aimed at exploring factors associated with willingness to self-manage a pessary.

Methods
Women attending pessary clinic at a UK hospital were asked to complete a questionnaire providing responses on pessary use, comorbidities, female genital self-image, self-management experience and willingness (or not) to learn self-management. Based upon statistical advice we aimed to recruit 90 women. Data were analysed using the non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test and Chi-squared test. Free text data were analysed thematically.

Results
A total of 89 women completed the questionnaire. Thirty-three women (38%) had previously been taught pessary self-management. Of the remaining women, 12 (21%) were willing to learn, 28 (50%) were not willing and 16 (29%) were unsure. There was no correlation between female genital self-image and willingness to self-manage a pessary. Younger women were more willing to learn self-management (p =  < 0.001). Willing women were motivated by reduced follow-up visits. Self-managing women reported benefits including increased autonomy, cleanliness and giving their body “a break”. Reasons discouraging women from self-managing were a lack of confidence; feeling physically unable; wanting clinician-led care; fear of problems or previous problems with their pessary.

Conclusions
Most women were either unsure about pessary self-management or unwilling to self-manage. Age was the only factor we found that had a significant relationship with willingness to self-manage a pessary. With robust self-management teaching, support and follow-up, it is likely that many of the barriers women report can be overcome.
Sex differences in behavior, cognitive, and physiological recovery following methamphetamine administration
Authors: Armenta-Resendiz Monserrat , Carter Jordan S. , Hunter Zachariah , Taniguchi Makoto , Reichel Carmela M. , Lavin Antonieta 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntact executive functions are required for proper performance of cognitive tasks and relies on balance of excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) transmission in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Hypofrontality is a state of decreased activity in the mPFC and is seen in several neuropsychiatric conditions, including substance use disorders. People who chronically use methamphetamine (meth) develop hypofrontality and concurrent changes in cognitive processing across several domains. Despite the fact that there are sex difference in substance use disorders, few studies have considered sex as a biological variable regarding meth-mediated hypoactivity in mPFC and concurrent cognitive deficits. Hypofrontality along with changes in cognition are emulated in rodent models following repeated meth administration. Here, we used a meth sensitization regimen to study sex differences in a Temporal Order Memory (TOM) task following short (7 days) or prolonged (28 days) periods of abstinence. GABAergic transmission, GABAA receptor (GABAAR) and GABA Transporter (GAT) mRNA expression in the mPFC were evaluated with patch-clamp recordings and RT-qPCR, respectively. Both sexes sensitized to the locomotor activating effects of meth, with the effect persisting in females. After short abstinence, males and females had impaired TOM and increased GABAergic transmission. Female rats recovered from these changes after prolonged abstinence, whereas male rats showed enduring changes. In general, meth appears to elicit an overall decrease in GABAAR expression after short abstinence; whereas GABA transporters are decreased in meth female rats after prolonged abstinence. These results show sex differences in the long-term effects of repeated meth exposure and suggest that females have neuroprotective mechanisms that alleviate some of the meth-mediated cognitive deficits.
Efficient characterization of multiple binding sites of small molecule imaging ligands on amyloid-beta, tau and alpha-synuclein
Authors: Sobek Jens , Li Junhao , Combes Benjamin F. , Gerez Juan A. , Henrich Martin T. , Geibl Fanni F. , Nilsson Peter R. , Shi Kuangyu , Rominger Axel , Oertel Wolfgang H. , Nitsch Roger M. , Nordberg Agneta , Ågren Hans , Ni Ruiqing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
There is an unmet need for compounds to detect fibrillar forms of alpha-synuclein (αSyn) and 4-repeat tau, which are critical in many neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we aim to develop an efficient surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based assay to facilitate the characterization of small molecules that can bind these fibrils.

Methods
SPR measurements were conducted to characterize the binding properties of fluorescent ligands/compounds toward recombinant amyloid-beta (Aβ)42, K18-tau, full-length 2N4R-tau and αSyn fibrils. In silico modeling was performed to examine the binding pockets of ligands on αSyn fibrils. Immunofluorescence staining of postmortem brain tissue slices from Parkinson’s disease patients and mouse models was performed with fluorescence ligands and specific antibodies.

Results
We optimized the protocol for the immobilization of Aβ42, K18-tau, full-length 2N4R-tau and αSyn fibrils in a controlled aggregation state on SPR-sensor chips and for assessing their binding to ligands. The SPR results from the analysis of binding kinetics suggested the presence of at least two binding sites for all fibrils, including luminescent conjugated oligothiophenes, benzothiazole derivatives, nonfluorescent methylene blue and lansoprazole. In silico modeling studies for αSyn (6H6B) revealed four binding sites with a preference for one site on the surface. Immunofluorescence staining validated the detection of pS129-αSyn positivity in the brains of Parkinson’s disease patients and αSyn preformed-fibril injected mice, 6E10-positive Aβ in arcAβ mice, and AT-8/AT-100-positivity in pR5 mice.

Conclusion
SPR measurements of small molecules binding to Aβ42, K18/full-length 2N4R-tau and αSyn fibrils suggested the existence of multiple binding sites. This approach may provide efficient characterization of compounds for neurodegenerative disease-relevant proteinopathies.
Acquired ductopenia: an insight into imaging findings
Authors: Khot Rachita , Shelman Nathan R. , Ludwig Daniel R. , Nair Rashmi T. , Anderson Mark A. , Venkatesh Sudhakar K. , Paspulati Raj Mohan , Parker Rex A. , Menias Christine O. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHepatic ductopenia is a pathologic diagnosis characterized by a decrease in the number of intrahepatic bile ducts as a consequence of various underlying etiologies. Some etiologies, such as primary sclerosing cholangitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and ischemic cholangitis, often have distinctive imaging findings. In contrast, other causes such as chronic rejection following liver transplantation, drug-induced biliary injury, infection, malignancy such as lymphoma, and graft-versus-host disease may only have ancillary or non-specific imaging findings. Thus, diagnosing ductopenia in conditions with nonspecific imaging findings requires a multidimensional approach, including clinical evaluation, serological testing, imaging, and liver histology to identify the underlying cause. These etiologies lead to impaired bile flow, resulting in cholestasis, liver dysfunction, and, ultimately, cirrhosis and liver failure if the underlying cause remains untreated or undetected. In the majority of instances, individuals diagnosed with ductopenia exhibit a positive response to treatment addressing the root cause or cessation of the causative agent. This article focuses on acquired causes of ductopenia, its clinical manifestation, histopathology, imaging diagnosis, and management.
Graphical abstract
Tissue-resident memory CD103+CD8+ T cells in colorectal cancer: its implication as a prognostic and predictive liver metastasis biomarker
Authors: Liu Shijin , Wang Penglin , Wang Peize , Zhao Zhan , Zhang Xiaolin , Pan Yunlong , Pan Jinghua 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Tissue-resident memory CD103+CD8+ T cells (CD103+CD8+ TRMs) are important components of anti-tumor immunity. However, the significance of CD103+CD8+ TRMs in colorectal cancer (CRC) and their advantages remain unclear.

Methods
Clinical data and specimens were used to evaluate the significance of CD103+CD8+ TRMs in CRC. A mouse subcutaneous tumorigenesis model and colony-formation assay were conducted to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of CD103+CD8+ TRMs. Finally, the infiltration density and function of CD103+CD8+ TRMs in the tumors were evaluated using flow cytometry.

Results
In this study, we showed that highly infiltrated CD103+CD8+ TRMs were associated with earlier clinical stage and negative VEGF expression in CRC patients and predicted a favorable prognosis for CRC/CRC liver metastases patients. Interestingly, we also found that CD103+CD8+ TRMs may have predictive potential for whether CRC develops liver metastasis in CRC. In addition, we found a positive correlation between the ratio of the number of α-SMA+ vessels to the sum of the number of α-SMA+ and CD31+ vessels in CRC, and the infiltration level of CD103+CD8+ TRMs. In addition, anti-angiogenic therapy promoted infiltration of CD103+CD8+ TRMs and enhanced their ability to secrete interferon (IFN)-γ, thus further improving the anti-tumor effect. Moreover, in vivo experiments showed that compared with peripheral blood CD8+ T cells, CD103+CD8+ TRMs infused back into the body could also further promote CD8+ T cells to infiltrate the tumor, and they had a stronger ability to secrete IFN-γ, which resulted in better anti-tumor effects.

Conclusion
We demonstrated that CD103+CD8+ TRMs have the potential for clinical applications and provide new ideas for combined anti-tumor therapeutic strategies, such as anti-tumor angiogenesis therapy and CAR-T combined immunotherapy.
A randomized phase II clinical trial of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and systemic pembrolizumab with or without intratumoral avelumab/ipilimumab plus CD1c (BDCA-1)+/CD141 (BDCA-3)+ myeloid dendritic cells in solid tumors
Authors: Vounckx Manon , Tijtgat Jens , Stevens Latoya , Dirven Iris , Ilsen Bart , Vandenbroucke Frederik , Raeymaeckers Steven , Vekens Karolien , Forsyth Ramses , Geeraerts Xenia , Van Riet Ivan , Schwarze Julia Katharina , Tuyaerts Sandra , Decoster Lore , De Ridder Mark , Dufait Ines , Neyns Bart 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Radiotherapy (RT) synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). CD1c(BDCA-1)+/CD141(BDCA-3)+ myeloid dendritic cells (myDC) in the tumor microenvironment are indispensable at initiating effector T-cell responses and response to ICB.

Methods
In this phase II clinical trial, anti-PD-1 ICB pretreated oligometastatic patients (tumor agnostic) underwent a leukapheresis followed by isolation of CD1c(BDCA-1)+/CD141(BDCA-3)+ myDC. Following hypofractionated stereotactic body RT (3 × 8 Gy), patients were randomized (3:1). Respectively, in arm A (immediate treatment), intratumoral (IT) ipilimumab (10 mg) and avelumab (40 mg) combined with intravenous (IV) pembrolizumab (200 mg) were administered followed by IT injection of myDC; subsequently, IV pembrolizumab and IT ipilimumab/avelumab were continued (q3W). In arm B (contemporary control arm), patients received IV pembrolizumab, with possibility to cross-over at progression. Primary endpoint was 1-year progression-free survival rate (PFS). Secondary endpoints were safety, feasibility, objective response rate, PFS, and overall survival (OS).

Results
Thirteen patients (10 in arm A, eight non-small cell lung cancer, and five melanoma) were enrolled. Two patients crossed over. One-year PFS rate was 10% in arm A and 0% in arm B. Two patients in arm A obtained a partial response, and one patient obtained a stable disease as best response. In arm B, one patient obtained a SD. Median PFS and OS were 21.8 weeks (arm A) versus 24.9 (arm B), and 62.7 versus 57.9 weeks, respectively. An iatrogenic pneumothorax was the only grade 3 treatment-related adverse event.

Conclusion
SBRT and pembrolizumab with or without IT avelumab/ipilimumab and IT myDC in oligometastatic patients are safe and feasible with a clinically meaningful tumor response rate. However, the study failed to reach its primary endpoint.
Trial registration number: Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04571632 (09 AUG 2020). EUDRACT: 2019-003668-32. Date of registration: 17 DEC 2019, amendment 1: 6 MAR 2021, amendment 2: 4 FEB 2022.
LERFNet: an enlarged effective receptive field backbone network for enhancing visual drone detection
Authors: Elsayed Mohamed , Reda Mohamed , Mashaly Ahmed S. , Amein Ahmed S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecently, the world has witnessed a great increase in drone applications and missions. Drones must be detected quickly, effectively, and precisely when they are being handled illegally. Vision-based anti-drone systems provide an efficient performance compared to radar- and acoustic-based systems. The effectiveness of drone detection is affected by a number of issues, including the drone’s small size, conflicts with other objects, and noisy backgrounds. This paper employs enlarging the effective receptive field (ERF) of feature maps generated from the YOLOv6 backbone. First, RepLKNet is used as the backbone of YOLOv6, which deploys large kernels with depth-wise convolution. Then, to get beyond RepLKNet’s large inference time, a novel LERFNet is implemented. LERFNet uses dilated convolution in addition to large kernels to enlarge the ERF and overcome each other’s problems. The linear spatial-channel attention module (LAM) is used to give more attention to the most informative pixels and high feature channels. LERFNet produces output feature maps with a large ERF and high shape bias to enhance the detection of various drone sizes in complex scenes. The RepLKNet and LERFNet backbones for Tiny-YOLOv6, Tiny-YOLOv6, YOLOv5s, and Tiny-YOLOv7 are compared. In comparison to the aforementioned techniques, the suggested model’s results show a greater balance between accuracy and speed. LERFNet increases the MAP by $$2.8\%$$

2.8
%

, while significantly reducing the GFLOPs and parameter numbers when compared to the original backbone of YOLOv6.
Investigating the spatial propagation patterns of meteorological drought events and underlying mechanisms using complex network theory: A case study of the Yangtze River Basin, China
Authors: Liu Lei , Gao Chao , Zhu Zhanliang , Zhang Silong , Tang Xiongpeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe spatial propagation patterns of meteorological drought events (MDEs) and underlying mechanisms contribute to elucidating and forecasting drought evolution. In this study, gridded MDEs in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) throughout the entire year, wet season and dry season were extracted from 3-month Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI-3) series. Event synchronization (ES) and complex networks (CN) were employed to construct the MDE synchronization networks and MDE spatial propagation networks for various periods. The former were utilized to identify MDE synchronized subregions where MDEs co-occur and co-evolve in the YRB, while the latter were used to quantify the MDE spatial propagation patterns over both the basin and its subregions. The driving mechanisms behind MDE spatial propagation were further investigated by diagnosing the concomitant drought-inducing climate systems. The findings reveal the presence of four MDE synchronized subregions during the wet season and five subregions during the entire year and dry season. These subregions exhibited distinct spatial propagation patterns of MDEs, aligning with overall findings across the YRB. Notable differences were observed between wet and dry seasons, with various subregions exhibiting distinctive spatial propagation patterns during each season. These patterns are driven by variations in the controlling atmospheric circulation systems, leading to anomalies of wind patterns and moisture distribution, ultimately resulting in deficient moisture supply. The variations of tropical sea surface thermal conditions, influences of the Tibetan Plateau and MDE self-propagation triggered by land–atmosphere feedback are considered as three primary influencing factors for MDE spatial propagation in the YRB.