bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les forêts de l'Allemagne de l'Est
Authors: Bonnefont Jean-Claude 
Published: February 2015

Le présent article constitue une mise au point sur les forêts de l'ex-R.D.A. au moment de la réunification de l'Allemagne. On pouvait y distinguer trois ensembles biogéographiques : les forêts de feuillus (hêtres et chênes) de la plaine d'Allemagne du nord, les forêts de feuillus à dominante de chênes des collines de l'Allemagne moyenne, les forêts de hêtres et de conifères des montagnes du sud. Elles couvraient 27 % du territoire et ont subi fortement l'influence humaine.
L'emprise de l'économie socialiste se manifestait dans la propriété des forêts (les 2/3 à l'état), mais plus encore dans leur gestion, qui était complètement étatisée. Elles sont maintenant gérées par les nouveaux Länder. Tous les observateurs relèvent de graves insuffisances dans l'économie forestière est-allemande : balance du bois déficitaire, faible productivité, inadaptation de l'industrie du bois. Enfin, en raison de l'importance de la pollution industrielle, l'état sanitaire des forêts suscite de vives inquiétudes.
La vallée de la Thur (Haut-Rhin) : aperçu sur les structures industrielles d'une vallée vosgienne
Authors: Muller Emmanuel 
Published: February 2015

Industrial structures in the Thur valley (Alsatian Vosges, France). The Thur valley (Alsatian Vosges) constitues an interesting case of industrial structures évolution within the Vosges Highland.
There are common elements of organization to the whole cotton basin in this valley. There are also spécifie characteristics : for instance the traditional specialization of the local textile in material ennoblement and the recent forming of a two-headed urban and industrial organism (Thann-Cernay) where the valley opens out into the Alsatian Plain.
The valley is far ahead with économie conversion while secondary industry is still the more important economic occupation.
Utilisation d'un SIG dans l'étude des aspects géographiques de l'implantation des décharges au Grand Duché de Luxembourg
Authors: Bontemps Luc 
Published: February 2015

Utilisation d'un SIG dans l'étude des aspects géographiques de i implantation des décharges au Grand Duché de Luxembourg — L'importance grandissante que prennent les décharges dans les préoccupations des décideurs amène ceux-ci à les considérer comme un point crucial de l'aménagement du territoire. Sur la base d'une recherche concernant les pollutions provoquées par le stockage des déchets, cet article propose, à une échelle de 1/100 000, une étude de l'environnement des sites d'enfouissement. L'étude utilise un Système d'Information Géographique (SIG) qui, via une modélisation de l'environnement sur une base de critères choisis, permet une évaluation qualitative des différents points du territoire luxembourgeois.
Le résultat se présente sous forme de cartes thématiques caractérisant l'aptitude de l'environnement à accueillir les décharges. Aux différentes régions du pays correspondent des possibilités diverses, et des nuances sont à apporter au découpage habituellement accepté. L'examen de certaines décharges existantes débouche sur une évaluation de l'opportunité de leur localisation et permet d'envisager les unités prioritaires pour une réhabilitation.
L'intégration transfrontalière et ses conséquences spatiales dans le Sud-Alsace
Authors: Chassignet Daniel 
Published: February 2015

Transborder intégration and its territorial consequences in South Alsace. — A three-national area (Switzerland-France-Germany) is growing in the upper part of the Rhine Valley. Its nodal point is the Swiss city Basle. Due to the territorial intégration, there are many conséquences for the French part of this area (South-Alsace ; main city : Mulhouse).
Living in South-Alsace and working in the Swiss urban area of Basle, commuters are very numerous (1972 : 10 000 ; 1993 : 33 000). Land is cheaper in South-Alsace and many foreign firms settle there (76 % are swiss firms). Many problems are the reverse of the medal : consumption of ground ; environmental impacts ; transport management.
In spite of those reasons, South-Alsace is not a periphery and Basle is not a core : the Swiss city needs ressources (workmanship, ground...) which are to be found in South-Alsace ; Basle has to negociate.
Réseaux digitaux à orientation économique ; conception et réalités ouest-européennes
Authors: Butzin B. , Dufour-Bourru P. 
Published: February 2015

Nos économies dépendent beaucoup de la globalisation. Tandis que l'influence régionale des grandes compagnies décroît, des réseaux flexibles de petites et moyennes entreprises émergent et leur contribution au développement régional augmente. Une distinction s'impose toutefois entre les réseaux institutionnels, les réseaux- experts et les réseaux d'information personnels, informels. Le changement global qui s'opère vers une société d'information rend nécessaire non seulement les réseaux institutionnels et personnels mais aussi le développement des réseaux digitaux à orientation économique (RDE).
Cette recherche concerne ces RDE sur Internet. La conception de ces réseaux est analysée à travers 65 exemplaires pris dans plus de 400 régions et villes ouest-européennes.
Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Daclatasvir in Subjects with Renal Function Impairment
Authors: Garimella Tushar , Wang Reena , Luo Wen-Lin , Hwang Carey , Sherman Diane , Kandoussi Hamza , Marbury Thomas C , Alcorn Harry , Bertz Richard , Bifano Marc 
Published: February 2015

Background Daclatasvir (DCV) is a pangenotypic inhibitor of the HCV NS5A replication complex approved in Japan and Europe for combination treatment of HCV. AI444-063 was an open-label, two-stage, adaptive study assessing DCV pharmacokinetics and safety in HCV-uninfected subjects with renal impairment. Methods Stage 1 included 12 subjects with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on dialysis and 12 healthy controls (creatinine clearance [CLcr]≥90 ml/min, Cockcroft-Gault) matched by sex, age and weight. All participants received a single DCV 60-mg dose on day 1. DCV plasma levels were measured through day 4. Prespecified criteria for study expansion (ESRD versus control area under the curve extrapolated to infinite time [AUC] geometric mean ratio [GMR] upper 90% CI>1.5) were met; therefore, 12 subjects with moderate or severe renal impairment (estimated glomerular filtration rate, 30–59 and 15–29 ml/min/1.73m2, respectively) were included in stage 2. Results All 36 participants (30 male, mean age 54 years) completed the study. DCV AUC∞ was higher in ESRD subjects versus controls (GMR 1.264, 90% CI 0.989, 1.616). Compared with normal CLcr (90 ml/min), GMR and 90% CI for unbound DCV AUC∞ at CLcr 60, 30 and 15 ml/min were 1.18 (1.07, 1.30), 1.39 (1.14, 1.70) and 1.51 (1.18, 1.94), respectively. DCV was generally well tolerated in subjects with normal renal function, ESRD, or moderate or severe renal impairment. Conclusions Observed DCV exposure increases were within the normal range of variability and were not associated with an elevated risk of adverse events. DCV can be administered in subjects with renal impairment, including ESRD, without dose modification. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01830205.
Loin de la subversion et de la transformation sociale : les pratiques de l'économie sociale et solidaire
Authors: Darbus Fanny 
Published: February 2015

En quoi les pratiques de l’économie sociale et solidaire (ESS) sont-elles matériellement subversives ou du moins se différencient-elles de celles qui prévalent par ailleurs ? Ceux qui placent leurs pratiques économiques sous le référent ESS sont-ils motivés par un souci de transformation économique et sociale ? Comment se présentent ces intentions ? C’est en s’intéressant aux pratiques économiques développées au nom et au sein de l’ESS, et aux discours des agents qui, par leur travail, les font exister, que cet article répond à ces questions.
Effectiveness of a New Generation Anticavity Mouthwash on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus Count: A Microbiological Study
Authors: Venkataraghavan Karthik , Shah Shanal 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACT
Background Dental caries is one of the most widespread disease. CariFree CTx4 treatment rinse mouthwash is designed to treat the cavity-causing plaque biofilm, reduce the overpopulation of cavity-causing bacteria, and neutralize decaycausing acids with patent-pending pH+ technology.

Aim
The aim of the present study was to assess and compare the antibacterial effect of a new generation anticavity mouthwash (CariFree CTx4 treatment rinse) with that of a 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash (Clohex), 0.05% sodium fluoride mouthwash (Colgate Plax Complete Care), 2% povidone iodine mouthwash (Betadine gargle and mouthwash) against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus.

Materials and methods
Strains of S. mutans and L. acidophilus were grown on suitable media and the inhibitory effect of the test substances was noted by disk diffusion method and Agar well diffusion method. The results obtained were then subjected to statistical analysis.

Result
Efficacy of CTx4 treatment rinse mouthwash was less than chlorhexidine for both S. mutans and L. acidophilus whereas its efficacy was comparable to that of povidone iodine and sodium fluoride mouthwash for S. mutans and to that of sodium fluoride for L. acidophilus.

Conclusion
It was concluded that chlorhexidine is still the best mouthwash available.

How to cite this article
Venkataraghavan K, Shah S, Choudhary P, Kaur M, Shah S, Trivedi K. Effectiveness of a New Generation Anticavity Mouthwash on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus Count: A Microbiological Study. World J Dent 2014;5(3):152-156.
Is there Correlation between the Root Apex Anatomy with External Root Resorption?
Authors: Tonetto Mateus Rodrigues , Pinto Shelon Cristina Souza , Borges Alvaro Henrique , Silva Mônica Barros , de Musis Carlo Ralph , Bandeca Matheus Coelho , Bhandi Shilpa H , Estrela Carlos , Gilbert Tarcisio Jacinto , Castro Iury 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to correlate the root apex anatomies with external root resorption in patients orthodontically treated through panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) methods. Two hundred and forty dental roots were evaluated by tomographic and radiograph images from thirty patients submitted to orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances was developed based on the technique of straight arc (Straightwire) with Roth prescription. Dental roots anatomy were classified based on shape as: Score 0 – normal root; Score 2 – short root; Score 2 – blunt; Score 3 – bent; and Score 4 – pipette shape. Measurements of external root resorption (ERR) were performed before and after orthodontic treatment by means of CBCT and panoramic radiograph. All patients and 72% of the 173 roots presented with ERR. The frequency of root type, the normal root (score 0) was 88.75% in panoramic radiography and only 18.75% for CBCT. The frequency of ERR was high in maxillary central incisors (73%), maxillary lateral incisors (73%), mandibular central incisors (72%), mandibular lateral incisors (70%). Statistical analysis showed no correlation between the methods, type root and tooth type (p < 0.05). The CBCT had better results for identifying apical roots resorption than panoramic radiograph, but the correlation between the type of root and ERR was not confirmed.

How to cite this article
Gilbert TJ, Silva MB, Pinto SCS, Bhandi SH, de Musis CR, Castro I, Estrela C, Borges AH, Tonetto MR, Bandeca MC. Is there Correlation between the Root Apex Anatomy with External Root Resorption? World J Dent 2014;5(3):162-165.
Effects of Stability Balls on Children’s On-Task Behavior, Academic Achievement, and Discipline Referrals: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fedewa Alicia , Davis Matthew A. C. , Ahn Soyeon 
Published: February 2015

AbstractOBJECTIVE. We used a randomized controlled design to investigate whether using stability balls during the school day was associated with higher levels of on-task behavior and academic achievement and fewer discipline referrals.METHOD. Over 9 mo, students in 2 second-grade classrooms in a southeastern rural elementary school used stability balls as chairs while students in 2 control classrooms used chairs as usual. We collected measures of on-task behavior, standardized measures of literacy and mathematics achievement, and discipline referrals.RESULTS. We found similar levels of on-task behavior and achievement in treatment and control classrooms and a downward trend in disruptive behaviors in treatment classrooms.CONCLUSION. This study did not find use of stability balls for entire general education classrooms to be a practical use of resources for schools. More research with rigorous controlled designs is needed to support the use of stability balls for the general education population.
Longitudinal Study of Occupational Therapy Students’ Beliefs About Knowledge and Knowing
Authors: Mitchell Anita Witt 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Research has demonstrated the importance of beliefs about knowledge and knowing, or epistemic and ontological cognition (EOC), to learning and achievement; however, little research has examined occupational therapy students’ EOC or determined whether occupational therapy programs promote its development. This study examined changes in EOC over 18 mo of didactic coursework in an occupational therapy program. Thirty-one students completed the Epistemic Beliefs Inventory at the beginning, middle, and end of 18 mo of didactic coursework. Results indicated no difference in ontological cognition. However, change occurred in epistemic cognition, with students demonstrating statistically significantly weaker beliefs in justification of knowledge by an omniscient authority by the end of the didactic portion of the program. Although causal inferences cannot be made from this small study of one cohort of occupational therapy students, it is possible that intensive study in the discipline of occupational therapy contributed to change in these students’ epistemic cognition.
Incentives in Supply Function Equilibrium
Authors: Vetter Henrik 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The author analyses delegation in homogenous duopoly under the assumption that firmmanagers compete in supply functions. He reverses earlier findings in that owners give managers incentives to act in an accommodating way. That is, optimal delegation reduces per-firm output and increases profits to above-Cournot profits. Moreover, in supply function equilibrium, the mode of competition is endogenous. This means that the author avoids results that are sensitive with respect to assuming either Cournot or Bertrand competition.
The Role of Public Universities: Examining one university's response to xenophobia
Authors: Favish Judith 
Published: February 2015

On 19 May 2008, South Africans woke up to the horrifying image of a man engulfed in fire. This man, Ernesto Nhamuave, originally from Mozambique, was one of the 65 or more foreign nationals who would die in the following days in the xenophobic violence that swept Gauteng. By the end of the week, the violence had spread like wildfire throughout the country. This unprecedented violation of the rights of ‘others’ in South Africa bordered on human catastrophe and caught the government, public institutions and individuals by surprise – people did not know how to respond.
This article examines how the University of Cape Town (UCT) reacted to the crisis, and shows that it did so in a manner that suggested that UCT was grappling with appropriate ways of translating its commitment to being an engaged university into concrete action. UCT’s immediate response to the xenophobia crisis took the form of humanitarian aid designed to mitigate the suffering of thousands of people displaced by the violence. This article specifically focuses on the interventions of SHAWCO, a community development organisation run by students of UCT; the Refugee Rights Project; and the Department of Social Development. These initiatives were nominated by the faculties and student society representatives on the Social Responsiveness Working Group for inclusion in the 2008 Social Responsiveness Report at UCT. Representatives from these units were also represented on the Vice-Chancellor’s Crisis Response Committee.
Sustaining Community-University Partnerships: Lessons learned from a participatory research project with elderly Chinese
Authors: Dong XinQi , Chang E-Shien , Simon Melissa , Wong Esther 
Published: February 2015

The strength of community-engaged research has been well documented in public health literature. It is recognised as a useful approach for eliminating health disparities by linking research and practice. While the framework of community-engaged research encompasses a broad range of research collaborations, community-based participatory research (CBPR) places most emphasis on involving the community as a full, equitable partner throughout the collaboration. Despite growing interest in and demand for community-university partnerships, less attention is given to the issue of partnership sustainability. The purpose of this article is to present the challenges faced in sustaining a community-university partnership when conducting a CBPR project with an elderly Chinese population in Chicago’s Chinatown. Lessons and strategies learned from the cultural and linguistic complexities of the Chinese community are also detailed. In addition, based on a well-accepted sustainability conceptual framework, we reflect on the initial stage, mid-term actions and long-term goals of developing partnership sustainability. Working with the Chinese community required trust and respect for its unique cultural values and diversity. The cultural, social and environmental contexts within which the partnership operated served as critical forces for long-term sustainability: a culturally sensitive approach is instrumental in sustaining community-university partnership. Also discussed are the significant implications for evidence-based, impact-driven partnerships to develop culturally appropriate strategies to meet the needs of diverse populations.

Keywords
Community-based participatory research, community health partnerships, health promotion, Chinese Americans, ageing
Innovation in Collaboration: The Summer Institute on Youth Mentoring as a university-community partnership
Authors: Jones Kevin R. , Keller Thomas E. , Wheeler Marc 
Published: February 2015

The Summer Institute on Youth Mentoring (SIYM) at Portland State University is an intensive week-long seminar designed to offer a highly interactive educational opportunity for experienced professionals and leading researchers in the field of youth mentoring. The current study explores the extent to which SIYM represents an example of a successful university-community partnership and identifies ways in which SIYM innovates on established partnership models. Using grounded theory methods and typological analysis, the researchers analysed questionnaire responses from SIYM participants and research fellows to compare key characteristics of SIYM with the elements of effective partnerships described in the literature. Findings suggest that SIYM reflects many essential partnership qualities, including the presence of a shared vision; strong, mutually beneficial relationships; and a partnering process that includes communication and work for positive change. SIYM also introduces several innovations in format and structure that could inform the improvement or development of effective partnership efforts across disciplines. Implications for service providers, researchers and other stakeholders are discussed.

Keywords
communication, collaboration, mutually beneficial relationships, innovation
Who has a stake? How stakeholder processes influence partnership sustainability
Authors: Boyle Mary-Ellen , Ross Laurie , Stephens Jennie C. 
Published: February 2015

As universities attempt to expand their relevance by engaging with local and regional societal challenges, various kinds of partnerships are emerging. A broad range of stakeholders, from both the university and the community, are typically engaged in and influence the development, implementation and perpetuation of these partnerships. This paper juxtaposes analysis of three community-university partnerships in Worcester, Massachusetts, USA, paying particular attention to the partnerships’ stakeholders, and to their relative importance. This research builds upon current understandings of critical factors in partnership sustainability, as these three partnerships have different goals, involve different university and community stakeholders, and are at different points in their organisational history. The fact that they share the same context – the same city – offers a unique opportunity for comparative case study analysis. The theory of stakeholder salience is used to explain findings about partnership sustainability and to make suggestions for strengthening existing partnerships. Specifically, we argue that stakeholder power and legitimacy, along with stakeholder urgency, are key factors in sustaining community-university partnerships.

Keywords
Community-university partnerships; economic development; community development; stakeholder salience
A Mutually Beneficial Relationship: University of the Third Age and a regional university campus
Authors: Ellis Bronwyn , Leahy Michael 
Published: February 2015

A mutually beneficial relationship has developed over the past 15 years between a regional South Australian branch of the University of the Third Age (U3A) and the local university campus. Arising from the initiative of a community member, the group sought assistance from the university, and has now become integrated into campus life. The university has provided a venue for meetings and access to other facilities, and university staff have contributed to the program of classes. The U3A has undoubtedly benefited from these inputs. However, the university has also benefited from these opportunities to engage with the wider community, the presence of willing volunteers to contribute in various ways to university classes and other activities, and favourable word-of-mouth marketing.

Beginning with background information on U3A, the local branch and its setting, we reflect on the sustainability of this relationship with the university and the factors that have contributed to this. We draw on our U3A experience and on two qualitative research projects in which U3A members have taken part: projects which have investigated their motivation for participation in U3A classes and activities, and the contributions of U3A to the university and vice versa. Not only has the relationship itself been sustained thus far, it has also contributed to sustaining U3A members in their active involvement in learning and community activities, and has been a significant part of community engagement activities of the campus.

Keywords
University of the Third Age; university-community engagement; mutual benefit; lifelong learning; retirement; productive ageing
Transportation's Role in Economic Development and Regional Supply Chain Hubs
Authors: Closs David J. , Bolumole Yemisi A. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis article (re)introduces the supply chain management academic audience to the critical relationship between transportation infrastructure, freight traffic, economic market drivers, and regional economic development. With the growing importance of transportation, logistics, and supply chain economics to support industrial activities, specific supply chain asset investments can significantly impact national, local, and regional economies. At the same time, the relative availability, quality, and cost of a range of transportation services, particularly those relevant to essential intermodal activities and infrastructure influence firms' location decisions. By introducing an economic-geography perspective to a thus-far transportation-centric conversation, this article explores how states and their regions compete based on economic value propositions adopted on a much broader scale.