bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships Between Severity of Deformity and Impingement in Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
Authors: Jones Carly E. , Cooper Anthony P. , Doucette Jonathan , Buchan Lawrence L. , Wilson David R. , Mulpuri Kishore , d’Entremont Agnes G. 
Published: September 2015

Background:
In situ pinning, a low-risk treatment for slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), leaves the slipped femoral head in place and may reduce range of motion (ROM) and cause impingement. It is unclear when a more complex surgery should be considered, because the relationships between severity, slip stability, remodeling, impingement, and ROM are unknown. Research questions:
(1) Do more severe acute SCFE deformities (no bony remodeling) result in a greater loss of flexion ROM?
(2) Does the presence or location of impingement on the pelvis vary with severity of acute SCFE deformity?

Methods:
We developed a 3D geometric model of acute SCFE deformity from 1 computed tomography scan of a normal adolescent hip. Ethics board approval was obtained from our institution. Bone models were created from the segmented pelvis, epiphysis, and subphyseal femur.
In total, 3721 SCFE deformities were simulated by combining posterior and inferior slips in the axial and coronal planes, respectively. Southwick angles were estimated from a frog-leg lateral projection. Deformities were divided into mild (0 to 30 degrees), moderate (30 to 60 degrees), and severe (≥60 degrees) Southwick groups. Each joint was flexed in combination with internal/external rotation until contact occurred. A total of 121 ROM trials, with different degrees of internal/external rotation (0 to 90 degrees at 1.5-degree steps) were performed for each deformity.

Results:
In total, 3355 simulated SCFE deformities (363 could not be rotated out of impingement) were analyzed.
Increasing slip severity reduced flexion ROM across the range of internal/external rotation. Contact occurred for most mild deformities, and for all moderate and severe deformities in at least 1 ROM trial. Impingement was observed mainly on the anterosuperior aspect of the acetabulum.

Conclusions:
Increasing slip severity in acute SCFE reduced flexion and increased incidence of impingement, primarily occurring on the anterosuperior aspect of the acetabulum. The impingement patterns observed are consistent with damaged cartilage locations seen in clinical literature.

Clinical Relevance:
In this experimental model, moderate and severe acute slips in SCFE lead to reduced ROM and impingement with the acetabulum. This suggests that in situ pinning may result in impingement of moderate and severe acute SCFE slips.
Polyethylene Glycol– or Sodium Picosulphate–Based Laxatives Before Colonoscopy in Children
Authors: Vejzovic Vedrana , Wennick Anne , Idvall Ewa , Agardh Daniel , Bramhagen Ann‐Cathrine 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTObjectives:The purpose of this randomised study was to compare the quality of bowel cleansing using either polyethylene glycol (PEG) or sodium picosulphate (NaPico) (primary outcome) in relation to the tolerability and acceptance of these laxatives among children and their caregivers (secondary outcome).Methods:The study was a randomised controlled trial that was conducted as an investigator‐blinded study within the Department of Paediatrics of Skåne University Hospital in Malmö, Sweden. A total of 72 children (10–18 years of age) were randomly placed into 1 of 2 groups (PEG or NaPico). The Ottawa Bowel Preparation Quality Score was used to evaluate the quality of bowel cleansing. A total of 2 different questionnaires were used to evaluate both the acceptability and tolerability of the laxatives.Results:In total, 71 children completed the bowel cleansing. Of these 71 cleanses, 67 protocols were analysed according to the Ottawa Bowel Preparation Quality Score. No significant difference in bowel cleansing quality was detected between the 2 groups. Rates of acceptability and tolerability were significantly higher in the NaPico group than in the PEG group.Conclusions:In the present study, both laxatives were found to be satisfactory in terms of aiding the performance of an uncomplicated and successful colonoscopy. NaPico was, however, more tolerable to the children than PEG, and both, the children and their caregivers, were more accepting of NaPico than of PEG. Consequently, NaPico can be recommended as the option for bowel cleansing in children ages 10 years and older.
From Theory to Practice: Implementation of a Resource Allocation Model in Health Departments
Authors: Yaylali Emine , Farnham Paul G. , Schneider Karen L. , Landers Stewart J. , Kouzouian Oskian , Lasry Arielle , Purcell David W. , Green Timothy A. , Sansom Stephanie L. 
Published: September 2015

Objective:
To develop a resource allocation model to optimize health departments' Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)–funded HIV prevention budgets to prevent the most new cases of HIV infection and to evaluate the model's implementation in 4 health departments.

Design, Settings, and Participants:
We developed a linear programming model combined with a Bernoulli process model that allocated a fixed budget among HIV prevention interventions and risk subpopulations to maximize the number of new infections prevented. The model, which required epidemiologic, behavioral, budgetary, and programmatic data, was implemented in health departments in Philadelphia, Chicago, Alabama, and Nebraska.

Main Outcome Measures:
The optimal allocation of funds, the site-specific cost per case of HIV infection prevented rankings by intervention, and the expected number of HIV cases prevented.

Results:
The model suggested allocating funds to HIV testing and continuum-of-care interventions in all 4 health departments. The most cost-effective intervention for all sites was HIV testing in nonclinical settings for men who have sex with men, and the least cost-effective interventions were behavioral interventions for HIV-negative persons. The pilot sites required 3 to 4 months of technical assistance to develop data inputs and generate and interpret the results. Although the sites found the model easy to use in providing quantitative evidence for allocating HIV prevention resources, they criticized the exclusion of structural interventions and the use of the model to allocate only CDC funds.

Conclusions:
Resource allocation models have the potential to improve the allocation of limited HIV prevention resources and can be used as a decision-making guide for state and local health departments. Using such models may require substantial staff time and technical assistance. These model results emphasize the allocation of CDC funds toward testing and continuum-of-care interventions and populations at highest risk of HIV transmission.
Efficient Integrative Multi-SNP Association Analysis using Deterministic Approximation of Posteriors
Authors: Wen Xiaoquan , Lee Yeji , Luca Francesca , Pique-Regi Roger 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWith the increasing availability of functional genomic data,1–3incorporating genomic annotations into genetic association analysis has become a standard procedure. However, the existing methods often lack rigor and/or computational efficiency and consequently do not maximize the utility of functional annotations. In this paper, we propose a rigorous inference procedure to perform integrative association analysis incorporating genomic annotations for both traditional GWAS and emerging molecular QTL mapping studies. In particular, we propose an algorithm, named “Deterministic Approximation of Posteriors” (DAP), which enables highly efficient and accurate joint enrichment analysis and identification of multiple causal variants. We use a series of simulation studies to highlight the power and computational efficiency of our proposed approach and further demonstrate it by analyzing the cross-population eQTL data from the GEUVADIS project and the multi-tissue eQTL data from the GTEx project. In particular, we find that genetic variants predicted to disrupt transcription factor binding sites are enriched incis-eQTLs across all tissues. Moreover, the enrichment estimates obtained across the tissues are correlated with the cell types for which the annotations are derived.
Variable separation method for nonlinear time fractional biological population model
Authors: Zhang Sheng , Cai Bin , Xu Bo 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to analytically solve the (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear time fractional biological population model in the Caputo sense.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper uses the variable separation method and the properties of Gamma function to construct exact solutions of the time fractional biological population model.

Findings
– New variable separation solutions are obtained, from which some known solutions are recovered as special cases.

Originality/value
– Solving fractional biological population model by the variable separation method and the properties of Gamma function is original. It is shown that the method presented in this paper can be also used for some other nonlinear fractional partial differential equations arising in sciences and engineering.
Cosine expansion based differential quadrature algorithm for numerical simulation of two dimensional hyperbolic equations with variable coefficients
Authors: Verma Anjali , Jiwari Ram 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to present the computational modeling of second-order two-dimensional nonlinear hyperbolic equations by using cosine expansion-based differential quadrature method (CDQM).Design/methodology/approach– The CDQM reduced the equations into a system of second-order differential equations. The obtained system is solved by RK4 method by converting into a system of first ordinary differential equations.Findings– The computed numerical results are compared with the results presented by other workers (Mohantyet al., 1996; Mohanty, 2004) and it is found that the present numerical technique gives better results than the others. Second, the proposed algorithm gives good accuracy by using very less grid point and less computation cost as comparison to other numerical methods such as finite difference methods, finite elements methods, etc.Originality/value– The author extends CDQM proposed in (Korkmaz and Dağ, 2009b) for two-dimensional nonlinear hyperbolic partial differential equations. This work is new for two-dimensional nonlinear hyperbolic partial differential equations.
Unsteady flow of variable viscosity Cu-water and Al2O3-water nanofluids in a porous pipe with buoyancy force
Authors: Khamis Sara , Makinde Daniel Oluwole , Nkansah-Gyekye Yaw 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the combined effects of buoyancy force and variable viscosity on unsteady flow and heat transfer of water-based nanofluid containing copper and alumina as nanoparticles through a porous pipe.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using the Boussinesq and boundary-layer approximations with Buongiorno nanofluid model. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations for the continuity, momentum and energy balance are formulated. The equations obtained are solved numerically using a semi-discretization finite difference method (know) as method of line coupled with Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg integration scheme.

Findings
– Numerical results for the skin-friction, heat transfer and for the velocity and temperature profiles are obtained. The results show that with suction, Cu-water produces higher skin friction and heat transfer rate than Al2O3-water. Both nanofluids velocity and temperature increase with a decrease in viscosity and an increase in buoyancy force intensity.

Practical implications
– Buoyancy-driven flow and heat transfer in porous geometries has many significant applications in industrial and engineering such as, electrical and microelectronic equipments, solar-collectors, geothermal engineering, petroleum reservoirs, thermal buildings insulation. This work provides very important information for researchers on this subject.

Originality/value
– This paper illustrates the effects of buoyancy force and temperature dependent on heat transfer and fluid flow problem using Cu-water and Al2O3-water nanofluids in a porous pipe.
Developing a quality management system implementation process for a medical device manufacturer
Authors: Gadotti Martins Eduardo , Pinheiro de Lima Edson , Gouvea da Costa Sergio E. 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to develop and test a quality management system (QMS) implementation process for a medical devices manufacturer, which are covered by ISO 13485:2007 and RDC No. 59:2000 and based on operations strategy content definitions.

Design/methodology/approach
– The research strategy is based on the Cambridge approach which is supported by action research techniques for producing “application” processes. This research strategy is also known as the “Process Approach” or “the Engineering Approach” and was developed in the mid-1990s by researchers from the “Institute for Manufacturing” (IFM/University of Cambridge).

Findings
– The results reveal how real conditions “shape” implementation, indicating solutions for integrating procedures for performance and control indicators that represent manufacturing strategy objectives. The regulatory framework and the manufacturing environment offer these real conditions. The operations strategy that is underlying implementation shows how to reconcile regulation and strategy through its content.

Research limitations/implications
– The developed process can be improved by increasing the number of test cases until they bring no new contributions for its evolution. However, because it is a long-term and complex implementation process, the present research was concluded with a full understanding of process development.

Practical implications
– The QMS implementation process based on the Cambridge Engineering approach creates several opportunities for discussing QMS design requirements, but also in testing procedures for quality policy deployment. Learning by doing is a practical contribution of the process as a participative component effectively applied in different moments at the mentioned workshops – WSH. The logical organization of the QMS implementation process shows causalities among manufacturing strategy, QMS and performance measurements, creating strategic coherence among the connected elements.

Originality/value
– Although many studies had approached the QMS implementation, few of them actually addressed the system integration with the business strategic objectives. None of the studies to date related the implementation to the ISO 13485:2003 and the RDC No. 59.
Physicochemical properties of radiographic contrast media, potential nephrotoxicity and prophylaxis
Authors: Hogstrom Barry , Ikei Nobuhiro 
Published: September 2015

SummaryContrast induced nephropathy (CIN) remains a controversial topic. The clinical relevance of changes in laboratory parameters has been challenged; some authors have even suggested that CIN simply reflects natural fluctuations. Other areas of controversy include the pathophysiology of CIN, effectiveness of prophylactic approaches and differences in nephrotoxicity between individual contrast media (CM). The aim of this review is to summarize the current understanding of laboratory findings and explore its relationship to CM toxicity.
Effects of parental infidelity and interparental conflict on relational ethics between adult children and parents: a contextual perspective
Authors: Schmidt Alexandra E. , Green Mary S. , Prouty Anne M. 
Published: September 2015

Little research within the couple and family therapy field has specifically addressed the influence of infidelity on members of the family outside the couple sub‐system. The purpose of this exploratory quantitative study was to utilize the lens of contextual therapy to explore the influence of parental infidelity and interparental conflict on adult children's (N = 703) reports of vertical relational ethics, including subscales measuring trust and justice, loyalty, and entitlement. Results from multiple regression analyses demonstrated that both higher levels of interparental conflict and the occurrence of parental infidelity were associated with lower levels of vertical relational ethics, which often takes the form of decreased trust in family members and increased potential for loyalty conflicts. Implications for addressing relational dynamics related to parental infidelity through systemic family therapy, as well as recommendations for future research, are discussed.Practitioner points

Therapeutic assessment should include questions about influence of transgenerational patterns of infidelity and conflict between partners on parenting experiences.
Acknowledge young and adult children who feel caught in a split loyalty between parents and how they cope with these loyalty conflicts.
Engage clients in dialogue concerning how to restore the balance of offering and receiving care, support, and connection within family's unique cultural context.
Sustaining change following multisystemic therapy: caregiver's perspectives
Authors: Kaur Pinder , Pote Helen , Fox Simone , Paradisopoulos Daphne A. 
Published: September 2015

Multisystemic therapy (MST) is an empirically supported intervention for young people presenting with antisocial behaviour. This study explored the process of sustaining positive outcomes following MST from caregiver perspectives. Semi‐structured interviews were carried out 5–21 months post‐MST with 12 caregivers. A grounded theory methodology was used to analyse the data. Caregivers in this study identified the following themes as contributing to sustaining change; improvements in their relationship with their child, shifting how they viewed difficulties and solutions and feeling personally strengthened and resilient. The therapeutic alliance in MST was described as important in initiating these changes. Clinical implications and how the themes from this study fit into the existing model of change in MST are discussed.Practitioner pointsCaregivers validated the therapeutic alliance as key to the MST approach.Experiencing a positive therapeutic alliance was also identified as important in improving relationships within the family even after therapy was completed.Positive experiences of MST developed caregivers’ experiences of feeling more resilient in the face of later difficulties helping sustain positive outcomes.
Bulimia nervosa in adolescents: a new therapeutic frontier
Authors: Hurst Kim , Read Shelly , Holtham Tiegan 
Published: September 2015

Enhanced cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT‐E) is the first‐line treatment for bulimia nervosa (BN) in adulthood. There is limited evidence for therapies for children and adolescents with BN; however family‐based treatment (FBT) is being increasingly used. This case study contrasts the delivery of FBT with an augmented version (CBT‐E) in two adolescents presenting with BN. In both cases, the adolescents achieved remission from BN symptoms, (cessation of bingeing and compensatory behaviour) at the end of treatment. The families reported that FBT provided a platform for them to work together and view BN as a family issue, rather than leaving the onus on the young person to recover independently. The addition of CBT‐E strategies assisted with managing cognitions associated with bodyweight and shape concerns and appeared to be useful in a more complex presentation with comorbidities. Future research should examine the effectiveness of augmenting CBT‐E strategies to FBT using larger samples and more rigorous research designs.Practitioner points

Involving families in the treatment of adolescent BN is both effective and acceptable to young people and their families.
Two promising treatment approaches, FBT‐BN and CBT‐E, can effectively be combined to provide a therapy which has the strengths of both modalities alone.
Adolescents with comorbidities or complex presentations may benefit most from combining the two modalities to develop additional skills and strategies.
Cuminaldehyde as the Major Component of Cuminum cyminum, a Natural Aldehyde with Inhibitory Effect on Alpha‐Synuclein Fibrillation and Cytotoxicity
Authors: Morshedi Dina , Aliakbari Farhang , Tayaranian‐Marvian Amir , Fassihi Afshin , Pan‐Montojo Francisco , Pérez‐Sánchez Horacio 
Published: September 2015

AbstractFibrillation of alpha‐synuclein (α‐SN) is a critical process in the pathophysiology of several neurodegenerative diseases, especially Parkinson's disease. Application of bioactive inhibitory compounds from herbal extracts is a potential therapeutic approach for this cytotoxic process. Here, we investigated the inhibitory effects of the Iranian Cuminum cyminum essential oil on the fibrillation of α‐SN. Analysis of different fractions from the total extract identified cuminaldehyde as the active compound involved in the antifibrillation activity. In comparison with baicalein, a well‐known inhibitor of α‐SN fibrillation, cuminaldehyde showed the same activity in some aspects and a different activity on other parameters influencing α‐SN fibrillation. The presence of spermidine, an α‐SN fibrillation inducer, dominantly enforced the inhibitory effects of cuminaldehyde even more intensively than baicalein. Furthermore, the results from experiments using preformed fibrils and monobromobimane‐labeled monomeric protein also suggest that cuminaldehyde prevents α‐SN fibrillation even in the presence of seeds, having no disaggregating impact on the preformed fibrils. Structural studies showed that cuminaldehyde stalls protein assembly into β‐structural fibrils, which might be achieved by the interaction with amine groups through its aldehyde group as a Schiff base reaction. This assumption was supported by FITC labeling efficiency assay. In addition, cytotoxicity assays on PC12 cells showed that cuminaldehyde is a nontoxic compound, treatment with cuminaldehyde throughout α‐SN fibrillation showed no toxic effects on the cells. Taken together, these results show for the first time that the small abundant natural compound, cuminaldehyde, can modulate α‐SN fibrillation. Hence, suggesting that such natural active aldehyde could have potential therapeutic applications.