bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ancestry-associated co-alteration landscape of KRAS and EGFR-altered non-squamous NSCLC
Authors: Sisoudiya Saumya D. , Houle Armande Ang , Fernando Tharu , Wilson Timothy R. , Schutzman Jennifer L. , Lee Jessica , Schrock Alexa , Sokol Ethan S. , Sivakumar Smruthy , Shi Zhen , Pathria Gaurav 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRacial/ethnic disparities mar NSCLC care and treatment outcomes. While socioeconomic factors and access to healthcare are important drivers of NSCLC disparities, a deeper understanding of genetic ancestry-associated genomic landscapes can better inform the biology and the treatment actionability for these tumors. We present a comprehensive ancestry-based prevalence and co-alteration landscape of genomic alterations and immunotherapy-associated biomarkers in patients with KRAS and EGFR-altered non-squamous (non-Sq) NSCLC. KRAS was the most frequently altered oncogene in European (EUR) and African (AFR), while EGFR alterations predominated in East Asian (EAS), South Asian (SAS), and Admixed American (AMR) groups, consistent with prior studies. As expected, STK11 and KEAP1 alterations co-occurred with KRAS alterations while showing mutual exclusivity with EGFR alterations. EAS and AMR KRAS-altered non-Sq NSCLC showed lower rates of co-occurring STK11 and KEAP1 alterations relative to other ancestry groups. Ancestry-specific co-alterations included the co-occurrence of KRAS and GNAS alterations in AMR, KRAS, and ARID1A alterations in SAS, and the mutual exclusivity of KRAS and NF1 alterations in the EUR and AFR ancestries. Contrastingly, EGFR-altered tumors exhibited a more conserved co-alteration landscape across ancestries. AFR exhibited the highest tumor mutational burden, with potential therapeutic implications for these tumors.
Histone lactylation-ROS loop contributes to light exposure-exacerbated neutrophil recruitment in zebrafish
Authors: Qiu Cheng-zeng , Zhou Ren , Zhang Hao-yi , Zhang Ling , Yin Zong-jun , Ren Da-long 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLight serves as a crucial external zeitgeber for maintaining and restoring physiological homeostasis in most organisms. Disrupting of light rhythms often leads to abnormal immune function, characterized by excessive inflammatory responses. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms behind this phenomenon remain unclear. To address this concern, we use in vivo imaging to establish inflammation models in zebrafish, allowing us to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of light disruption on neutrophil recruitment. Our findings reveal that under sustained light conditions (LL), neutrophil recruitment in response to caudal fin injury and otic vesicle inflammation is significantly increased. This is accompanied by elevated levels of histone (H3K18) lactylation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content. Through ChIP-sequencing and ChIP‒qPCR analysis, we discover that H3K18 lactylation regulates the transcriptional activation of the duox gene, leading to ROS production. In turn, ROS further promote H3K18 lactylation, forming a positive feedback loop. This loop, driven by H3K18 lactylation-ROS, ultimately results in the over recruitment of neutrophils to inflammatory sites in LL conditions. Collectively, our study provides evidence of a mutual loop between histone lactylation and ROS, exacerbating neutrophil recruitment in light disorder conditions, emphasizing the significance of maintaining a proper light-dark cycle to optimize immune function.
Modulation of large rhythmic depolarizations in human large basket cells by norepinephrine and acetylcholine
Authors: Yang Danqing , Qi Guanxiao , Ort Jonas , Witzig Victoria , Bak Aniella , Delev Daniel , Koch Henner , Feldmeyer Dirk 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRhythmic brain activity is critical to many brain functions and is sensitive to neuromodulation, but so far very few studies have investigated this activity on the cellular level in vitro in human brain tissue samples. This study reveals and characterizes a novel rhythmic network activity in the human neocortex. Using intracellular patch-clamp recordings of human cortical neurons, we identify large rhythmic depolarizations (LRDs) driven by glutamate release but not by GABA. These LRDs are intricate events made up of multiple depolarizing phases, occurring at ~0.3 Hz, have large amplitudes and long decay times. Unlike human tissue, rat neocortex layers 2/3 exhibit no such activity under identical conditions. LRDs are mainly observed in a subset of L2/3 interneurons that receive substantial excitatory inputs and are likely large basket cells based on their morphology. LRDs are highly sensitive to norepinephrine (NE) and acetylcholine (ACh), two neuromodulators that affect network dynamics. NE increases LRD frequency through β-adrenergic receptor activity while ACh decreases it via M4 muscarinic receptor activation. Multi-electrode array recordings show that NE enhances and synchronizes oscillatory network activity, whereas ACh causes desynchronization. Thus, NE and ACh distinctly modulate LRDs, exerting specific control over human neocortical activity.
A theoretical characterization of osmotic power generation in nanofluidic systems
Authors: Lavi Oren , Green Yoav 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWater desalination and fluid-based energy harvesting systems utilize ion-selective nanoporous materials that allow preferential transport of ions that are oppositely charged to the surface charge, resulting in the creation of an electrical current. The resultant current forms due to a potential drop or a concentration gradient (or both) applied across the system. These systems are electrically characterized by their current-voltage, $$I-V$$
I
−
V
, response. In particular, there are three primary characteristics: the ohmic conductance, $${G}_{{{{{\rm{Ohmic}}}}}}=I/V$$

G

Ohmic

=
I
/
V
, the zero-voltage current, $${I}_{V=0}$$

I

V
=
0

, and the zero-current voltage, $${V}_{I=0}$$

V

I
=
0

. To date, there is no known self-consistent theory for these characteristics. Here, we present simple self-consistent expressions for each of these characteristics that provide remarkable insights into the underlying physics of water desalination and energy harvesting systems. These insights can be used to interpret (and reinterpret) the numerical and experimental measurements of any nanofluidic system subject to an arbitrary concentration gradient as well as improve their design.
Solid-state inorganic electrolytes for next generation potassium batteries
Authors: Grill Jonas , Steensen Simon K. , Castro Diana Lucia Quintero , Castelli Ivano E. , Popovic-Neuber Jelena 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNecessary diversification of battery chemistry and related cell design call for investigation of more exotic materials and configurations, such as solid-state potassium batteries. In the core of their development lies the necessity of discovering new and electrochemically more efficient inorganic solid-state electrolytes. This review focuses on suitable chemical structures, their fundamental properties and status of the materials synthesis, related electrochemical performance, contemporary characterization techniques and modeling efforts for inorganic solid-state potassium electrolytes.
Seeking non-Fourier heat transfer with ultrabroad band thermoreflectance spectroscopy
Authors: Zenji Ahmad , Pernot Gilles , Lacroix David , Rampnoux Jean-Michel , Bourgeois Olivier , Grauby Stéphane , Dilhaire Stefan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStudying superdiffusive thermal transport is crucial for advanced thermal management in electronics and nanotechnology, ensuring devices run efficiently and reliably. Such study also contributes to the design of high-performance thermoelectric materials and devices, thereby improving energy efficiency. This work leads to a better understanding of fundamental physics and non-equilibrium phenomena, fostering innovations in numerous scientific and engineering fields. We are showing, from a one shot experiment, that clear deviations from classical Fourier behavior are observed in a semiconductor alloy such as InGaAs. These deviations are a signature of the competition that takes place between ballistic and diffusive heat transfers. Thermal propagation is modelled by a truncated Lévy model. This approach is used to analyze this ballistic-diffusive transition and to determine the thermal properties of InGaAs. The experimental part of this work is based on a combination of time-domain and frequency-domain thermoreflectance methods with an extended bandwidth ranging from a few kHz to 100 GHz. This unique wide-bandwidth configuration allows a clear distinction between Fourier diffusive and non-Fourier superdiffusive heat propagation in semiconductor materials. For diffusive processes, we also demonstrate our ability to simultaneously measure the thermal conductivity, heat capacity and interface thermal resistance of several materials over 3 decades of thermal conductivity.
Coating layer design principles considering lithium chemical potential distribution within solid electrolytes of solid-state batteries
Authors: Kimura Yuta , Fujisaki Takaya , Shimizu Tetsuya , Nakamura Takashi , Iriyama Yasutoshi , Amezawa Koji 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroducing a coating layer at an active material /solid electrolyte interface is crucial for ensuring thermodynamic stability of the solid electrolyte at interfaces in solid-state batteries. To thermodynamically protect the solid electrolyte, coating layers must maintain lithium chemical potential (μLi) at coating layer/solid electrolyte interfaces within the electrochemical window of the solid electrolyte. However, a general coating layer design principle to achieve this remains unestablished. Here we theoretically elucidate the µLi distribution across the solid electrolyte and coating layer, examining requirements for thermodynamic protection. We show that the protective capability of coating layers is not solely determined by their intrinsic characteristics, but also by the µLi distribution within the solid electrolyte and coating layer. We propose a quantitative approach based on µLi distribution to determine the required characteristics and geometries of coating layers that ensure the thermodynamic stability of the solid electrolyte while minimizing ohmic resistance, providing insights for coating layer design.
Realistic representation of mixed-phase clouds increases projected climate warming
Authors: Hofer Stefan , Hahn Lily C. , Shaw Jonah K. , McGraw Zachary S. , Bruno Olimpia , Hellmuth Franziska , Pietschnig Marianne , Mostue Idunn Aa. , David Robert O. , Carlsen Tim , Storelvmo Trude 
Published: July 2024

AbstractClouds are the main source of uncertainties when projecting climate change. Mixed-phase clouds that contain ice and supercooled-liquid particles are especially hard to constrain, and climate models neither agree on their phase nor their spatial extent. This is problematic, as models that underestimate contemporary supercooled-liquid in mixed-phase clouds will underestimate future warming. Furthermore, it has recently been shown that supercooled-liquid water in mixed-phase clouds is not homogeneously-mixed, neither vertically nor horizontally. However, while there have been attempts at observationally constraining mixed-phase clouds to constrain uncertainties in future warming, all studies only use the phase of the interior of mixed-phase clouds. Here we show, using novel satellite observations that distinguish between cloud-top and interior phase in mixed-phase clouds, that mixed-phase clouds are more liquid at the cloud top globally. We use these observations to constrain the cloud top phase in addition to the interior in a global climate model, leading to +1 °C more 21st century warming in NorESM2 SSP5-8.5 climate projections. We anticipate that the difference between cloud top and interior phase in mixed-phase clouds is an important new target metric for future climate model development, because similar mixed-phase clouds related biases in future warming are likely present in many climate models.
Plug flow and brecciation in volcanic conduits can emerge from shear-induced crystal migration in otherwise Newtonian magmas
Authors: Vasseur Jérémie , Wadsworth Fabian B. , Dingwell Donald B. , Lavallée Yan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the Earth, the flow of crystal-bearing magma is thought to be non-Newtonian and shear thinning, but the physical origin for this is poorly understood. We use hydro-granular theory to show that the decoupled migration of crystals toward conduit cores during magma ascent is a tenable microphysical mechanism for plug flow, emergent in an otherwise purely Newtonian crystal-bearing magma. We use a numerical conduit model to define the flow development length beyond which crystal migration dominates and strain localises near conduit margins. Applied to magma ascent scenarios, we show that this crystal-migration strain localisation only develops in high crystallinity magmas or magmas ascending in very narrow cracks/conduits. In all other scenarios, crystals do not contribute to non-Newtonian behaviour and such magmas are usually strictly Newtonian. The ascent of very crystal-rich dome magma could be associated with strain localisation and crystal depletion at the conduit margins, lubricating ascent through the crust.
Human-induced warming accelerates local evapotranspiration and precipitation recycling over the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Cheng Tat Fan , Chen Deliang , Wang Bin , Ou Tinghai , Lu Mengqian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Tibetan Plateau faces changing precipitation and environmental conditions affecting alpine ecosystems and downstream freshwater sustainability. While aerosol influence has been highlighted, how human-induced greenhouse warming impacts the plateau’s moisture recycling remains unclear. Here we show that the Tibetan Plateau’s recent precipitation changes result from enhanced precipitation recycling and moisture convergence that offset the decline in monsoon- and westerly-associated moisture transport based on 40-year Lagrangian simulations and water budget analyses. Local evapotranspiration is observed to increase faster in percentage than precipitation, a trend expected to continue in future warming scenarios according to climate projections. Greenhouse gas emission causes widespread wetting while weakening the southerly monsoons across the Himalayas, heightening the sensitivity of precipitation to evapotranspiration and thereby local land surface changes. This trend exacerbates vulnerability in the water cycle of high mountain Asia, calling for proactive management to address potential risks and ensure future water and food security in Asia.
Perspectives on climate change and infectious disease outbreaks: is the evidence there?
Authors: Charnley Gina E. C. , Kelman Ilan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe accelerated warming of the planet caused by anthropogenic climate change is very concerning, as its impacts have the potential to be broad and its effects widespread. One climate change impact with significant interest from scientists, politicians, the media and the general public, is the proposed changes to infectious disease dynamics. Climate change has the potential to alter disease transmission through expansion to naive populations or by worsening risk factors. However, limitations exist in our ability to forecast the climate and disease, including how we incorporate changes in human behaviour and how we attribute climate/weather events solely to an infectious disease outcome. Broad statements about the impact of the climate on infectious disease may not be helpful, as these relationships are highly complex and likely lead to an oversimplification. The interdisciplinary field of climate-health research has the attention of those outside of science, and it is the responsibility of those involved to communicate attribution on an evidence basis, for better scientific communication and public spending. The uncertainty around the impacts of climate change is a call for action, to prevent pushing the Earth’s systems into the unknown.
Longitudinal associations between time perspective and life satisfaction across adulthood
Authors: Wirth Maria , Wettstein Markus , Rothermund Klaus 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTime perspective is an important predictor of well-being. How time is represented, is itself subject to developmental change. A time perspective dominated by the future is increasingly replaced by one focused on the present and past as remaining lifetime decreases. These age-related changes supposedly are associated with higher subjective well-being. Previous studies yielded heterogeneous results. However, these studies mostly investigated one dimension of time perspective and did not include younger and/or middle-aged adults. Thus, we investigated how changes in four facets of time perspective (past-orientation, concreteness of future time, obsolescence, and attitudes towards finitude) were related to changes in life and domain-specific satisfaction and if these relations were moderated by age. We used 10-year longitudinal data from an age-diverse sample comprising 459 participants (30–80 years). Concreteness was most consistently related to satisfaction. Individuals with overall higher concreteness reported higher life satisfaction and higher life satisfaction was reported on measurement occasions with higher concreteness. An age moderation was only found for satisfaction with mental fitness. Among younger but not older adults, satisfaction with mental fitness was higher on measurement occasions with higher concreteness. Our study provides a deeper understanding of the relation between time perspective and well-being across adulthood.
A subepithelial lesion algorithm for endoscopic (SAFE) resection in the upper gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Gupta Sunil , Gauci Julia , O'Sullivan Timothy , Cronin Oliver , Whitfield Anthony , Craciun Ana , Awadie Halim , Yang Jing , Kwan Vu , Lee Eric Y. T. , Burgess Nicholas G. , Bourke Michael J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background Complete excision of upper gastrointestinal subepithelial lesions (U-SELs) eliminates diagnostic uncertainty, obviates the need for surveillance, and may be necessary for definitive diagnosis and management. Current guidelines lack precision and cohesion, and surgery is associated with significant morbidity. We describe and report on the outcomes of our SEL algorithm for endoscopic (SAFE) resection.
Methods U-SELs were enrolled prospectively over 115 months until March 2023. All subjects underwent axial (computed tomography) imaging and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) to exclude a large exophytic component or invasion into local structures, and assess for muscularis propria (MP) involvement.
Results 106 U-SELs (41 esophageal, 65 gastric) were resected (mean patient age 60.6 [SD 13.4]; 51.9% male). Esophageal U-SELs underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD; n = 22) or submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) if MP involvement was suspected (n = 19). Gastric U-SELs underwent STER (n = 6 at cardia), ESD (n = 47), or exposing endoscopic full-thickness resection (e-EFTR; n = 12). Technical success rates were 97.6% and 92.3%, respectively. Among the noncardiac gastric U-SELs, five resections (9.6%) were completed laparoscopically owing to deep and broad full-thickness involvement; five (9.6%) required laparoscopic gastrotomy and surgical retrieval after successful resection and closure owing to a large lesion size (mean 47 mm). There was no delayed bleeding, perforation, or recurrence at 13 months.
Conclusion U-SELs may be effectively and safely treated by endoscopic resection. The SAFE approach provides a framework that facilitates structured decision-making. Esophageal U-SELs suspected of involving the MP should undergo STER. Gastric SELs are best managed by ESD, with a view to proceeding to e-EFTR. A laparoscopic upper gastrointestinal surgeon should be available in case surgical retrieval of the specimen or laparoscopic completion is required.
Comparative outcomes of endoscopic mucosal resection for laterally spreading lesions in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Angajala Varun T. , Buxbaum James L. , Phan Jennifer , Dodge Jennifer L. , Mayemura Collin , Ho Melissa , Lit Aaron , Tien Christine , Chang Patrick W. , Amini Maziar , Sheibani Sarah , Sahakian Ara B. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background The role of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for laterally spreading lesions (LSLs) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains controversial despite its effectiveness in the general population. We aimed to characterize outcomes of EMR for IBD-associated LSLs compared with controls without IBD.
Methods We performed a retrospective observational cohort study of patients with IBD who underwent EMR and endoscopic follow-up for LSLs, compared with a control group without IBD. The primary outcome was histologic recurrence. Secondary outcomes included en bloc resection and adverse events. Factors associated with recurrence were identified using multivariate mixed effects logistic regression.
Results 210 premalignant lesions in 155 patients were included. By histology, 91.0% were adenoma/low grade dysplasia or sessile serrated lesions. Median (IQR) lesion size was 25 (12–30) mm in the IBD group and 20 (12–30) mm in the control group. Recurrence was detected in 30.4% of IBD-associated lesions (7/23) compared with 20.9% of controls (39/187; odds ratio [OR] 2.51, 95%CI 0.59–10.71). En bloc resection was less common in the IBD group (2/23 [8.7%], 95%CI 1.1–28.0) versus controls (106/187 [56.7%], 95%CI 50.4–65.2). After adjusting for lesion size and histology, recurrence appeared more common in patients with IBD compared with controls (OR 3.08, 95%CI 1.04–9.13).
Conclusions Recurrence of LSLs after EMR appeared to be more frequent in patients with IBD. Given the added complexity, EMR in patients with IBD should be performed in expert centers with close endoscopic surveillance.