bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulation of SST Interannual Variability in the Agulhas Leakage Region Associated with ENSO
Authors: Putrasahan Dian , Kirtman Ben P. , Beal Lisa M. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The Agulhas leakage transports warm and saline water from the Indian Ocean into the South Atlantic Ocean, forming part of the upper returning arm of the meridional overturning circulation, which can influence climate. Ocean–atmosphere interactions and the strength of Agulhas leakage control sea surface temperature (SST) in the Agulhas leakage corridor, which may in turn affect regional climate variability. In a high-resolution run of the Community Climate System Model (version 3.5; CCSM3.5), it is found that the interannual variability of Agulhas leakage SST is linked to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Anomalous wind stress curl over the south Indian Ocean associated with ENSO excites westward-propagating oceanic Rossby waves that initiate southwestward-propagating anomalies along the coast of Africa. It takes approximately 2 years for this signal to reach the southern tip of South Africa and enter the South Atlantic, where it accounts for 20%–30% of the interannual SSH variability in the Agulhas leakage region. The authors find a similar propagation of anomalies with satellite observations. A similar ENSO cycle along with Rossby wave adjustment is detected in an analogous low-resolution CCSM3.5 run. However, the signal does not propagate all the way along the boundary to affect Agulhas leakage SST. Hence, it is found that high-resolution coupled climate models are necessary to resolve the tropical–subtropical oceanic teleconnection between ENSO and Agulhas leakage SST.
Decadal Variation in Winter Mixed Layer Depth South of the Kuroshio Extension and Its Influence on Winter Mixed Layer Temperature
Authors: Sugimoto Shusaku , Kako Shin’ichiro 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The long-term behavior of the wintertime mixed layer depth (MLD) and mixed layer temperature (MLT) are investigated in a region south of the Kuroshio Extension (KE) (30°–37°N, 141°–155°E), an area of the North Pacific subtropical gyre where the deepest MLD occurs, using historical temperature profiles of 1968–2014. Both the MLD and MLT in March have low-frequency variations, which show significant decadal (~10 yr) variations after the late 1980s. Observational data and simulation outputs from a one-dimensional turbulent closure model reveal that surface cooling is the main control on winter MLD in the late 1970s and 1980s, whereas there is a change in the strength of subsurface stratification is the main control after ~1990. In the latter period, a weak (strong) subsurface stratification is caused by a straight path (convoluted path) of the KE and by a deepening (shallowing) of the main thermocline depth due to oceanic Rossby waves formed as a result of positive (negative) anomalies of wind stress curl associated with a southward (northward) movement of the Aleutian low in the central North Pacific. During deeper (shallower) periods of winter MLD, the strong (weak) vertical entrainment process, resulting from a rapid (slow) deepening of the mixed layer (ML) in January and February, forms a negative (positive) anomaly of temperature tendency. Consequently, the decadal variations in wintertime MLT are formed.
Exploring Practical Estimates of the Ensemble Size Necessary for Particle Filters
Authors: Slivinski Laura , Snyder Chris 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Particle filtering methods for data assimilation may suffer from the “curse of dimensionality,” where the required ensemble size grows rapidly as the dimension increases. It would, therefore, be useful to know a priori whether a particle filter is feasible to implement in a given system. Previous work provides an asymptotic relation between the necessary ensemble size and an exponential function of , a statistic that depends on observation-space quantities and that is related to the system dimension when the number of observations is large; for linear, Gaussian systems, the statistic can be computed from eigenvalues of an appropriately normalized covariance matrix. Tests with a low-dimensional system show that these asymptotic results remain useful when the system is nonlinear, with either the standard or optimal proposal implementation of the particle filter. This study explores approximations to the covariance matrices that facilitate computation in high-dimensional systems, as well as different methods to estimate the accumulated system noise covariance for the optimal proposal. Since may be approximated using an ensemble from a simpler data assimilation scheme, such as the ensemble Kalman filter, the asymptotic relations thus allow an estimate of the ensemble size required for a particle filter before its implementation. Finally, the improved performance of particle filters with the optimal proposal, relative to those using the standard proposal, in the same low-dimensional system is demonstrated.
Quasi-Periodic Behavior of the Pacific–Japan Pattern Affecting Propagation Routes of Summertime Wave Patterns and the Associated Tropical Cyclone Tracks over the Western North Pacific
Authors: Ko Ken-Chung , Liu Jyun-Hong 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This study introduces a modified Pacific–Japan (PJ) index that exhibits a substantial periodicity of 5–16 days in the East Asian summer monsoon region. The quasi-periodic fluctuations of the PJ index can indicate changes in the large-scale circulation systems. In the PJ high phase, the wave pattern propagates northwestward from the western North Pacific tropics to an area near northern Luzon and is then forced to move westward because of a stationary, anomalous high pressure system over southern Japan. The tropical cyclones (TCs) associated with the anomalous low pressure systems tend to follow a straight-moving propagation route through the northern South China Sea. The anomalous cyclonic flow causes heavy rainfall in eastern Taiwan. However, in the PJ low phase, the wave pattern and TCs follow a recurving propagation route toward higher latitudes. The circulation pattern typically brings heavy rainfall to northern Taiwan in the PJ low phase. Therefore, wave patterns under the influence of the quasi-periodic fluctuations of the PJ pattern affect rainfall because of the changing propagation routes of the wave patterns, as well as the TC tracks.
A Systematic Classification Investigation of Rapid Intensification of Atlantic Tropical Cyclones with the SHIPS Database
Authors: Yang Ruixin 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn hopes of better understanding the rapid intensification (RI) of tropical cyclones, the classification technique as a data mining process is used in this mining experiment. The mining results are expected to increase accurate forecasting abilities for RI through exhaustive data distillation. In this work, the Statistical Hurricane Intensity Prediction Scheme (SHIPS) database for the Atlantic basin during the period 1982–2009 is used as the data source and the Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA) software is used for various classifier implementations. As in most classification applications, accuracies in model building with training data may be high. However, accuracies with testing data usually deteriorate. Various special steps are carried out in an effort to improve the accuracy. These steps include setting the cost parameters for overcoming the unbalanced RI samples, temporal averages of variable values for more accurate environmental estimation, feature filtering for irrelevant feature removal, and subset feature selections. The best performance measures of the training results are above 90% for probability of detection (POD) with 10%–20% false alarm ratios (FARs) for cases of RI within 24 h. However, the performance on the testing data is not as good. The reported RI forecasting accuracies in this work are lower than the goals set by NOAA in their Hurricane Forecast Improvement Project. Nevertheless, this work sheds light on the future direction of RI investigations using data mining techniques. Many more studies are needed before we can fully understand the potential and/or limitations of data mining techniques in RI investigations.
Amblyaudia
Authors: Kaplan Alyson B. , Kozin Elliott D. , Remenschneider Aaron , Eftekhari Kian , Jung David H. , Polley Daniel B. , Lee Daniel J. 
Published: November 2015

ObjectiveSimilar to amblyopia in the visual system, “amblyaudia” is a term used to describe persistent hearing difficulty experienced by individuals with a history of asymmetric hearing loss (AHL) during a critical window of brain development. Few clinical reports have described this phenomenon and its consequent effects on central auditory processing. We aim to (1) define the concept of amblyaudia and (2) review contemporary research on its pathophysiology and emerging clinical relevance.Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases.Review MethodsA systematic literature search was performed with combinations of search terms: “amblyaudia,” “conductive hearing loss,” “sensorineural hearing loss,” “asymmetric,” “pediatric,” “auditory deprivation,” and “auditory development.” Relevant articles were considered for inclusion, including basic and clinical studies, case series, and major reviews.ConclusionsDuring critical periods of infant brain development, imbalanced auditory input associated with AHL may lead to abnormalities in binaural processing. Patients with amblyaudia can demonstrate long‐term deficits in auditory perception even with correction or resolution of AHL. The greatest impact is in sound localization and hearing in noisy environments, both of which rely on bilateral auditory cues. Diagnosis and quantification of amblyaudia remain controversial and poorly defined. Prevention of amblyaudia may be possible through early identification and timely management of reversible causes of AHL.Implications for PracticeOtolaryngologists, audiologists, and pediatricians should be aware of emerging data supporting amblyaudia as a diagnostic entity and be cognizant of the potential for lasting consequences of AHL. Prevention of long‐term auditory deficits may be possible through rapid identification and correction.
CD20+ B-cell depletion therapy suppresses murine CD8+ T-cell–mediated immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Guo Li , Kapur Rick , Aslam Rukshana , Speck Edwin R. , Zufferey Anne , Zhao Yajing , Kim Michael , Lazarus Alan H. , Ni Heyu , Semple John W. 
Published: November 2015

Key PointsCD20 Bdep therapy inhibits CD8+ T-cell proliferation in vitro. CD20 Bdep therapy prevents CD8+ T-cell–mediated ITP in vivo.
The bookbinding workshop: Making as collaborative pedagogic practice
Authors: Kealy-Morris Elizabeth 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This article will consider student engagement through collaborative teaching and learning practices I have developed within a series of bookbinding workshops in which I acquire new skills alongside my students. The bookbinding workshop developed from my desire to seek ways to engage with and alongside students in my practice and research to ground my own making within my pedagogic practice. In this way students are not being ‘instructed’ by a skilled specialist but rather collaborating with a committed enthusiast and researcher learning from their practice and experience. This article will discuss the impact these workshops have had on participating students, their practice and their sense of ‘creative self’ through the analysis of anonymous surveys carried over the span of two years.
Exploring evidence-based practice with external partners: Research development and the ADMHEA northwest network
Authors: Fernie-Clarke Jill , Thomas Barbara 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This article reflects upon the development of partnerships, initiated in 2005 by one of the authors, through existing links with the then Subject Centre for Art Design and Media of the Higher Education Academy (ADM-HEA). Essentially descriptive and reflective, it looks at the factors contributing to the evolution of collaborative activity over a number of evidence-based projects between 2005 and 2011 and aims to suggest a staged generic model for cross-institutional collaborative working that can be used by first-time researchers new to working in this way. A special feature of the partnerships reflected upon is the non-hierarchical dimension, collaborative working between staff operating at a range of levels in a variety of contexts in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), including Higher Education in Further Education (HE in FE). The varied constituency of the network could be described as innovative in that it facilitates a range of formal and informal exchanges, cuts across institutional hierarchies and disciplines within Art, Design and Media subjects, and allows for both the interests of individuals and institutional agendas. Here, the means by which this diversity and collaboration has been achieved is described and explored, as is the role of the network’s HEA-inspired focus on evidence-based practice in the process by which projects for this type of research activity have been conceived, bids written, funding sought and dissemination of the findings accomplished, providing a potential model for colleagues wishing to undertake similar cross-institutional, evidencebased, collaborative activity.
Graphic Design Educators’ Network: Re-establishing the purpose and value of a graphic design subject association
Authors: Burns Justin , Corazzo James , Hardie Kirsten , Harland Robert , Raven Darren 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This report discusses the Graphic Design Educators’ Network (GDEN): a fledgling subject association that has pedagogic practice, research and scholarship at its heart. The rationale and impetus for creating the network – its origins, development, aims and objectives – are discussed in relation to a number of key contexts and perspectives.
Reviews
Authors: Pryde-Jarman Dr Daniel , Durling David 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Museums and Higher Education Working Together: Ch allenges and Opportunities, Anne Boddington, Jos Boys and Catherine Speight (eds) (2013) Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate, 236 pp., ISBN: 9781409448761, h/bk, £65
Design Pedagogy: Developments in Art and Design Ed ucation, M. Tovey (ed.) (2015) Surrey: Gower, 290 pp., ISBN: 9781472415981, h/bk, £70
Journalists do live in a parallel universe: A response to practitioner critiques of journalism academics
Authors: Lugo-Ocando Jairo 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The Journal of Applied Journalism and Media Studies (AJMS) is devoted to research with an applied angle in which a clear link is made between the prevalent theories and paradigms that media and communication scholars work with, and the real world where media and communication activities take place. Media and journalism scholars rarely cooperate with the actors with a say in media production. The actors broadly ‘resent’ or discard scholarly work that theorizes and interprets their practice. In an attempt to bridge this gap, AJMS has been and will be open to submissions by both practitioners and academics. It has published many articles by practitioners, which broadly have been critical of academic writings about journalism as theory and practice. Dr Jairo Lugo-Ocando of the University of Leeds, who himself was a reporter and editor before joining academia, comes to academia’s defence. While not absolving academics of the blame for lack of cooperation, he believes journalists also bear the brunt of the failure in rendering scholarly material useful and relevant to their profession.
Exploring the ethical challenge of media ownership: Is Nigerian media’s role in good governance possible?
Authors: Omenugha Kate Azuka , Uzuegbunam Chikezie Emmanuel 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Fundamental to the litany of Africa’s development issues is the crisis of governance. Naturally, good governance resonates as a panacea for this situation. In this, the role of the media as the bastion of democracy is indubitable. This article with focus on Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa, situates the interplay of good governance and media practices within the media ownership debate. It argues that ownership patterns, pressures and politics have, for a long time, challenged the consistent and committed role of the media in deepening our march towards good governance. With clear case studies of media performances in the country over time, the article contends that the media might not totally be ready to take on the saddle of driving the democratic goals, as a result of the influence of ethnic/religious affiliation, political interest/affiliation and economic interest arising from the ownership shackles. The article returns a verdict of collective responsibility – viewing the failings of the media within the larger context of the failings of the social system in which the media are embedded.
How to deal with the Black Sheep? An evaluation of journalists’ reactions towards intentional selfscandalization by politicians
Authors: Haller André 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Under normal circumstances scandals are negative events for the scandalized persons or institutions. The communication of transgressions of norms or values, followed by public outrage is the beginning of a scandal. Media plays the most important role in what science calls ‘media scandal’, ‘mediated scandal’ or ‘mediatized scandal’. The scandalized players have to react to the accusations; therefore they have to use the media to reach a broad public. Journalists have the power to control which players have the right to speak and how the scandal is communicated to the public. This article will show a new form of scandal, the so called intentional self-scandalization.1 That type of scandal, which will be shown in the field of political communication, is produced on purpose by the scandalized politicians to achieve certain communicative goals. The theory will then be demonstrated using a concrete example, the scandal of a racial campaign in Switzerland in the year 2007. The article identifies three possible reactions by journalists to this special form of scandal: Scandalizing the intended transgression, ignoring it or thematizing the strategy of the scandalized player. The text will also analyse the advantages and disadvantages of the patterns.
Native son? Comparing coverage of Barack Obama’s birthplace controversy in Hawaiian, Kenyan and Washington, DC, media
Authors: Schaefer Todd M. , Fordan Robert 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This study utilizes a comparative, content analysis of coverage of the Obama ‘Birther’ controversy from 2008 to 2012 in newspapers from relevant geographic locales – Hawaii, Kenya and Washington, DC – in order to determine whether and how localism impacted the framing and portrayal of the dispute to different audiences, as well as to see how responsibly journalists treated this topic. There were geographic differences in the amount and nature of coverage, though all the outlets gave more space to the anti-Obama side than the President’s. In other respects, however, the Kenyan and Hawaiian papers appeared to be more factual and responsible in debunking the false claims about Obama’s birthplace, while the DC papers viewed it more as a political conflict. The article concludes that while localism can lead to more responsible journalism, the case may instead suggest that media organizations are driven by audience more than truth concerns, even in coverage of conspiracy theories.
Reading anger, compassion and longing in Beatrice Culleton Mosionier’s In Search of April Raintree
Authors: Hillsburg Heather 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This article engages with polarizing debates about compassion by exploring the relationship between this emotional response and anger in Beatrice Culleton Mosionier’s In Search of April Raintree. While Martha Nussbaum argues that compassion functions as an ethical bridge linking one person to the next, affect theorists argue that compassion reaffirms unequal relations of power. This article maps the ways Mosionier’s novel might evoke the reader’s compassion, and investigates the role of this response by focusing on a narrative pattern where April experiences abuse, expresses intense anger at her suffering and then longs for markers of privilege such as white skin and affluence. This article contends that April’s anger interrupts the potential for passive compassion, and foregrounds the social stratification that gives rise to April’s suffering.
While you wait: An analysis of the It Gets Better Project
Authors: Kellinger Janna Jackson , Levine Lianna 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This article analyses videos created for the It Gets Better Project as well as comments by their viewers. The authors examined the top 21 videos based on number of views and rising popularity. Upon analysis of the comments, it was noted that the majority of them place the onus on the victim to ‘stick it out’ and wait until they are older for the bullying to stop, as opposed to advocating for support and action by responsible adults or bystanders, or even themselves. In addition, the messages within the videos and the comments rarely offered ideas regarding how to put an end to the bullying or that the bullies should be held responsible for their actions. This article draws attention to the unintended, and sometimes contradictory, messages received even when the goal is support.
Systemarchitektur zur Erbringung von Netzunterstützungsmaßnahmen durch gesteuertes Laden von Elektrofahrzeugflotten
Authors: Schwerdfeger Robert , Schlegel Steffen , Jiang Teng , Westermann Dirk 
Published: November 2015

Zusammenfassung
Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt eine mögliche Systemarchitektur zur Erbringung von netzstützenden Maßnahmen am Beispiel des
gesteuerten Ladens von Elektrofahrzeugflotten. Aufgrund der zunehmenden Bedeutung von Verteilernetzen und deren Anschlussnehmer für die
zukünftige elektrische Energieversorgung sind deren Charakteristika zu berücksichtigen.
Ein Ansatz zur automatisierten Erstellung umfangreicher und komplexer Simulationsmodelle für elektrische Übertragungsnetze aus
OpenStreetMap-Daten
Authors: Çakmak Hüseyin Kemal , Maass Heiko , Bach Felix , Kühnapfel Uwe , Hagenmeyer Veit 
Published: November 2015

Zusammenfassung
Lastfluss-Simulationen in Stromnetzen stellen die Grundlage für regelungstechnische Analysen dar, auch und
gerade für Smart Grids der Zukunft. Die Generierung und die Verwaltung von komplexen und umfangreichen Stromnetzmodellen mit
Berücksichtigung variabler regionaler Modellgranularität ist eine große Herausforderung, zumal die manuelle Erstellung aufgrund der
enormen Datenmenge sehr schwer durchzuführen ist. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein Ansatz zur automatisierten Generierung von
Stromnetzmodellen ausschließlich aus OpenStreetMap-Daten, frei verfügbaren öffentlichen und amtlichen Datenbanken sowie Geo-Webdiensten
vorgestellt. Eine neue Methode zur Generierung von dynamischen Lasten basierend auf Voronoi-Geopartitionierung unter Berücksichtigung
der Netztopologie wird zudem ausgearbeitet. Ein erstes, voll automatisiert erstelltes Stromnetzmodell für das Übertragungsnetz in
Baden-Württemberg wird mit dynamischer Lastflusssimulation evaluiert.
Grid4EU: Entwicklung und Demonstration eines Systems zur autonomen Netzführung
Authors: Shapovalov Anton , Noglik Peter , Jendernalik Lars , Wiedemann Thomas 
Published: November 2015

Zusammenfassung
Der kontinuierlich fortschreitende Ausbau von dezentralen Erzeugungsanlagen (DEA) führt bereits heute zu Engpässen in
Verteilnetzen. Neben dem konventionellen Netzausbau suchen Netzbetreiber nach alternativen Lösungen, die Flexibilität in den Betrieb
einbringen und eine weitere DEA-Integration unterstützen. Im deutschen Teil des europäischen Demonstrationsprojekts Grid4EU wird ein
autonomes System zur Netzüberwachung und Steuerung entwickelt. Durch Stationsautomatisierung und intelligente Algorithmen wird ein
Netzengpassmanagement ermöglicht und der Netzbetrieb optimiert.