bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of fat in pancreatic diseases: from pathology to imaging
Authors: Raitano Elisabetta , Cannella Roberto , Messana Domenico , Matteini Francesco , Brancatelli Giuseppe 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPancreatic fat deposition is frequently evaluated in imaging of pancreatic diseases. This condition can be linked to a broad range of diffuse diseases and focal pancreatic lesions. Abnormal pancreatic and peripancreatic fat is observed in many pathologic conditions, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, cystic fibrosis, acute and chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic lipoma, and teratoma. Pancreatic fat deposition has also been reported to be a risk factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and postoperative pancreatic fistula. Pancreatic fat deposition can cause anatomical changes and abnormal secretion function, leading to insulin resistance and high blood glucose levels. The assessment of pancreatic fat deposition can be performed with ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI is the most accurate method for the quantification of fat using the proton-density fat fraction (PDFF). The aim of this article is to describe the pathological conditions associated with abnormal pancreatic fat. Knowledge of pancreatic fat distribution can help the radiologists in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic diseases.
Long-term meteorological characteristics and extreme climate indices over Tirupati: a rapidly developing tropical city
Authors: Thandlam Venugopal , Kaagita Venkatramana , Sakirevupalli Venkatramana Reddy 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTirupati’s climate has undergone significant changes in both temperature and precipitation patterns. While there has been a consistent increase in rainfall during the southwest monsoon, there is a concerning long-term trend of a decrease in total annual precipitation over the last 30 years. The city has experienced a rise in wet days during both the southwest and northeast monsoons, yet a recent decrease over the past three decades. Heavy precipitation events, particularly during the southwest monsoon, have shown a positive trend, whereas there have been no significant changes in heavy rainfall days during the northeast monsoon. Temperature trends reveal that there has been a warming scenario, with a significant positive trend in annual maximum temperatures and a consistent annual rise in mean minimum temperatures. A substantial decrease in cold and very cold days, especially during the last 30 years, suggests a broader warming trend impacting seasonal temperature variations in Tirupati. These findings highlight the complex interplay of monsoons, temperature variations, and changing precipitation patterns in Tirupati's climate over the years.
Virtual laboratories: transforming research with AI
Authors: Klami Arto , Damoulas Theo , Engkvist Ola , Rinke Patrick , Kaski Samuel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
New scientific knowledge is needed more urgently than ever, to address global challenges such as climate change, sustainability, health, and societal well-being. Could artificial intelligence (AI) accelerate science to meet these global challenges in time? AI is already revolutionizing individual scientific disciplines, but we argue here that it could be more holistic and encompassing. We introduce the concept of virtual laboratories as a new perspective on scientific knowledge generation and a means to incentivize new AI research and development. Despite the often perceived domain-specific research practices and inherent tacit knowledge, we argue that many elements of the research process recur across scientific domains and that even common software platforms for serving different domains may be possible. We outline how virtual laboratories will make it easier for AI researchers to contribute to a broad range of scientific domains, and highlight the mutual benefits virtual laboratories offer to both AI and domain scientists.
Asset-manager society and international financial subordination
Authors: Bonizzi Bruno , Kaltenbrunner Annina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis essay critically engages with the concept of asset-manager society (AMS) proposed by Brett Christophers. We begin by drawing out its five key elements through a contrast with the related but distinct concept of asset-manager capitalism. We then ask to what extent AMS can be observed in the countries of the Global South, which are characterised by a subordinate position in international money and financial markets. We conclude by highlighting some potential implications of the rise of AMS in these economies and offering some broader thoughts on the future.
Hate speech detection in low-resourced Indian languages: An analysis of transformer-based monolingual and multilingual models with cross-lingual experiments
Authors: Ghosh Koyel , Senapati Apurbalal 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWarning: This paper is based on hate speech detection and may contain examples of abusive/ offensive phrases.Cyberbullying, online harassment, etc., via offensive comments are pervasive across different social media platforms like ™Twitter, ™Facebook, ™YouTube, etc. Hateful comments must be detected and eradicated to prevent harassment and violence on social media. In the Natural Language Processing (NLP) domain, the most prevalent task is comment classification, which is challenging, and language models based on transformers are at the forefront of this advancement. This paper intends to analyze the performance of language models based on transformers like BERT, ALBERT, RoBERTa, and DistilBERT on the Indian hate speech datasets over binary classification. Here, we utilize the existing datasets, i.e., HASOC (Hindi and Marathi) and HS-Bangla. So, we evaluate several multilingual language models like MuRIL-BERT, XLM-RoBERTa, etc., few monolingual language models like RoBERTa-Hindi, Maha-BERT (Marathi), Bangla-BERT (Bangla), Assamese-BERT (Assamese), etc., and perform cross-lingual experiment also. For further analyses, we perform multilingual, monolingual, and cross-lingual experiments on our Hate Speech Assamese (HS-Assamese) (Indo-Aryan language family) and Hate Speech Bodo (HS-Bodo) (Sino-Tibetan language family) dataset (HS dataset version 2) also and achieved a promising result. The motivation of the cross-lingual experiment is to encourage researchers to learn about the power of the transformer. Note that no pre-trained language models are currently available for Bodo or any other Sino-Tibetan languages.
MULTIPLICATIVE FUNCTIONSk-ADDITIVE ON GENERALISED OCTAGONAL NUMBERS
Authors: HASANALIZADE ELCHIN , PARK POO-SUNG 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLet$k\geq 4$be an integer. We prove that the set$\mathcal {O}$of all nonzero generalised octagonal numbers is ak-additive uniqueness set for the set of multiplicative functions. That is, if a multiplicative function$f_k$satisfies the condition$$ \begin{align*} f_k(x_1+x_2+\cdots+x_k)=f_k(x_1)+f_k(x_2)+\cdots+f_k(x_k) \end{align*} $$for arbitrary$x_1,\ldots ,x_k\in \mathcal {O}$, then$f_k$is the identity function$f_k(n)=n$for all$n\in \mathbb {N}$. We also show that$f_2$and$f_3$are not determined uniquely.
ORGANIC COMPOSITION OR UT PICTURA POESIS? ΖΩΙΟΝ IN ARISTOTLE'S POETICS
Authors: Galván Luis 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper discusses Aristotle's references to a ζῷον in his Poetics (1450b34–51a4 and 1459a20) and evaluates their implications. The usual interpretation, ‘living creature’ or ‘animal’, is one-sided, because the word ζῷον is Aristotle's paradigm of homonymy, applying as it does to both the human being and the drawing (Cat. 1a1–6). After an examination of the two passages containing such references and their contexts, other passages by Aristotle and earlier writers (Plato, Alcidamas and Gorgias) that may shed light on the issue are analysed. The conclusion reflects on the relevance of the interpretation as ‘figure’ for the premises and purpose of the Poetics.
Metazoan endoparasites of snakes from Argentina: Review and checklist with distributional notes and remarks
Authors: Caraballo Juan Nicolás , Ulibarrie Andrés , Hamann Monika , Guerrero Ricardo , Arzamendia Vanesa , González Cynthya Elizabeth 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article presents a checklist of metazoan parasites of snakes from Argentina, along with a comprehensive review of the relevant literature published between 1922 and June 2023, covering various aspects of interest. We compiled 34 species of metazoan endoparasites from 28 studies. The subclass Digenea showed the highest number of species (n = 22 species), followed by the phylum Nematoda (n = 8 species), and the subclass Pentastomida (n = 3 species and 1 taxa inquirenda). Dipsadidae was the family of snakes with the most species examined for metazoan endoparasites (n = 20 species). In contrast, Viperidae had the largest number of specimens surveyed (n = 343). Of 23 provinces, 15 (65.2%) presented at least one report of metazoan endoparasites in snakes. The northeastern provinces showed the highest richness of metazoan endoparasites and host diversity. Many articles focused on taxonomy, but studies on parasite ecology were not found. Although taxonomic accuracy was high in most reports, some records were correctly deposited in zoological collections or geo-referenced. This is the first attempt to include all groups of metazoan endoparasites of snakes from Argentina in a single checklist in the last century.
On the question of domestic slaves in late medieval and early modern Zoroastrianism
Authors: Foroutan Kiyan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article collects and analyses passages about male and female domestic slaves in the Persian Rivāyats. The Rivāyats consist of correspondence between Iranian and Indian Zoroastrians (Parsis) from the late fifteenth to the eighteenth centuries ce. In these letters, Parsis sought the opinions of Iranian Zoroastrians on various doctrinal and ritual issues. The passages in question cover a range of subjects, including the issue of converting household slaves to Zoroastrianism, their participation in domestic religious ceremonies, the exposure of their dead bodies in the towers of silence, and marrying female slaves. These references to slaves challenge the conventional narrative that pre-modern Zoroastrians were oppressed, marginalized, and poor communities. This narrative has overshadowed these pieces of evidence and has caused them not to be studied seriously. This paper seeks to go beyond this traditional reconstruction by examining these texts based on their context. The passages reflect the actual socio-religious issues of Zoroastrians, especially Parsis, and demonstrate their participation in the slave-owning milieu of late medieval and early modern Gujarat and Iran rather than mere anachronistic elements or rhetorical tools reflecting a scholastic treatment of a defunct legal question.
Africana Political Theory as Decolonial Critique
Authors: Chevannes Derefe Kimarley 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThis article illuminates a fundamental problem at the core of canonical political theory: the racialization of knowledge. It contends that the history of canonical thought as being necessarily Western and, therefore, European American, means the emergence of epistemic racism produces enormous consequences for the practice of philosophical thought—namely, Africana political theory (APT). Thus, this article raises important questions such as the colonization of reason, as well as the ongoing relationship between political theory and race, such that the specter of anti-black racism manifests and becomes intertwined with the foundations of the canon. Ultimately, the article proffers APT as decolonial critique to complicate and expand the parameters of philosophical practice. The overall consequences for the discipline, its students, and its practitioners actualize an ongoing movement for black liberation.
The Origins of a Fiscal Outlier: The Abandonment of a Federal VAT in the Nixon Presidency
Authors: Mozumi Seiichiro 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRichard Nixon was the first president who examined the possibility of introducing a value-added tax (VAT) at the federal level in the late twentieth century. By 1970, his administration had considered recommending it alongside other domestic programs to overcome the criticism against the VAT’s regressivity, potential conflict in the federal–state tax authority, and the fragmented decision-making authority between the executive and legislative branches of the government. However, in 1971, the Nixon administration shifted their policy priority toward gaining the middle-class political support by linking local property tax relief to a federal VAT. Although they combined the two measures with a rebate to obtain consent to and confidence in them from the “opponents” among the “internalists” of policymaking and societal actors, their attempt failed to accomplish it. As a result, Nixon abandoned the federal VAT. This abandonment was a missed opportunity to introduce a federal VAT, leading the United States to become a fiscal outlier among Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries: it has not yet implemented a national/federal VAT. Furthermore, this outcome marked the origin of certain historical characteristics of the American fiscal state: the use of tax expenditures, “fend-for-yourself federalism,” weak extractive capacity, and fiscal inflexibility.
Relationships Between HCl, H2O, Aerosols, and Temperature in the Martian Atmosphere: 1. Climatological Outlook
Authors: Olsen K. S. , Fedorova A. A. , Kass D. M. , Kleinböhl A. , Trokhimovskiy A. , Korablev O. I. , Montmessin F. , Lefèvre F. , Baggio L. , Alday J. , Belyaev D. A. , Holmes J. A. , Mason J. P. , Streeter P. M. , Rajendran K. , Patel M. R. , Patrakeev A. , Shakun A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDetecting trace gases such as hydrogen chloride (HCl) in Mars' atmosphere is among the primary objectives of the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) mission. Terrestrially, HCl is closely associated with active volcanic activity, so its detection on Mars was expected to point to some form of active magmatism/outgassing. However, after its discovery using the mid‐infrared channel of the TGO Atmospheric Chemistry Suite (ACS MIR), a clear seasonality was observed, beginning with a sudden increase in HCl abundance from below detection limits to 1–3 ppbv in both hemispheres coincident with the start of dust activity, followed by very sudden and rapid loss at the southern autumnal equinox. In this study, we have investigated the relationship between HCl and atmospheric dust by making comparisons in the vertical distribution of gases measured with ACS and aerosols measured co‐located with the Mars Climate Sounder (MCS). This study includes HCl, water vapor, and ozone measured using ACS MIR, water vapor and temperature measured with the near infrared channel of ACS, and temperature, dust opacity, and water ice opacity measured with MCS. In part 1, we show that dust loading has a strong impact in temperature, which controls the abundance of water ice and water vapor, and that HCl is very closely linked to water activity. In part 2, we investigate the quantitative correlations between each quantity and discuss the possible source and sinks of HCl, their likelihood given the correlations, and any issues arising from them.
Relationships Between HCl, H2O, Aerosols, and Temperature in the Martian Atmosphere: 2. Quantitative Correlations
Authors: Olsen K. S. , Fedorova A. A. , Kass D. M. , Kleinböhl A. , Trokhimovskiy A. , Korablev O. I. , Montmessin F. , Lefèvre F. , Baggio L. , Alday J. , Belyaev D. A. , Holmes J. A. , Mason J. P. , Streeter P. M. , Rajendran K. , Patel M. R. , Patrakeev A. , Shakun A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe detection of hydrogen chloride (HCl) in the atmosphere of Mars was among the primary objectives of the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) mission. Its discovery using the Atmospheric Chemistry Suite mid‐infrared channel (ACS MIR) showed a distinct seasonality and possible link to dust activity. This paper is part 2 of a study investigating the link between HCl and aerosols by comparing gas measurements made with TGO to dust and water ice opacities measured with the Mars Climate Sounder (MCS). In part 1, we showed, and compared, the seasonal evolution of vertical profiles of HCl, water vapor, temperature, dust opacity, and water ice opacity over the dusty periods around perihelion (solar longitudes 180°–360°) across Mars years 34–36. In part 2, we investigated the quantitative correlations in the vertical distribution between each quantity, as well as ozone. We show that there is a strong positive correlation between HCl and water vapor, which is expected due to fast photochemical production rates for HCl when reacting with water vapor photolysis products. We also show a strong positive correlation between water vapor and temperature, but are unable to show any correlation between temperature and HCl. There are weak correlations between the opacities of dust and water ice, and dust and water vapor, but only very low correlations between dust and HCl. We close with a discussion of possible sources and sinks and that interactions between HCl and water ice are the most likely for both, given the inter‐comparison.
Postfire Sediment Mobilization and Its Downstream Implications Across California, 1984–2021
Authors: Dow H. W. , East A. E. , Sankey J. B. , Warrick J. A. , Kostelnik J. , Lindsay D. N. , Kean J. W. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFire facilitates erosion through changes in vegetation and soil, with major postfire erosion commonly occurring even with moderate rainfall. As climate warms, the western United States (U.S.) is experiencing an intensifying fire regime and increasing frequency of extreme rain. We evaluated whether these hydroclimatic changes are evident in patterns of postfire erosion by modeling hillslope erosion following all wildfires larger than 100 km2 in California from 1984 to 2021. Our results show that annual statewide postfire hillslope erosion has increased significantly over time. To supplement the hillslope erosion modeling, we compiled modeled and measured postfire debris‐flow volumes. We find that, in northern California, more than 50% of fires triggering the top 20 values of sediment mass and sediment yield occurred in the most recent decade (between 2011 and 2021). In southern California, the postfire sediment budget was dominated by debris flows, which showed no temporal trend. Our analysis reveals that 57% of postfire sediment erosion statewide occurred upstream of reservoirs, indicating potential impacts to reservoir storage capacity and thus increased risk to water‐resource security with ongoing climate change.
Markers of positive affect and brain state synchrony discriminate melancholic from non-melancholic depression using naturalistic stimuli
Authors: Mosley Philip E. , van der Meer Johan N. , Hamilton Lachlan H. W. , Fripp Jurgen , Parker Stephen , Jeganathan Jayson , Breakspear Michael , Parker Richard , Holland Rebecca , Mitchell Brittany L. , Byrne Enda , Hickie Ian B. , Medland Sarah E. , Martin Nicholas G. , Cocchi Luca 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Melancholia has been proposed as a qualitatively distinct depressive subtype associated with a characteristic symptom profile (psychomotor retardation, profound anhedonia) and a better response to biological therapies. Existing work has suggested that individuals with melancholia are blunted in their display of positive emotions and differ in their neural response to emotionally evocative stimuli. Here, we unify these brain and behavioural findings amongst a carefully phenotyped group of seventy depressed participants, drawn from an established Australian database (the Australian Genetics of Depression Study) and further enriched for melancholia (high ratings of psychomotor retardation and anhedonia). Melancholic (n = 30) or non-melancholic status (n = 40) was defined using a semi-structured interview (the Sydney Melancholia Prototype Index). Complex facial expressions were captured whilst participants watched a movie clip of a comedian and classified using a machine learning algorithm. Subsequently, the dynamics of sequential changes in brain activity were modelled during the viewing of an emotionally evocative movie in the MRI scanner. We found a quantitative reduction in positive facial expressivity amongst participants with melancholia, combined with differences in the synchronous expression of brain states during positive epochs of the movie. In non-melancholic depression, the display of positive affect was inversely related to the activity of cerebellar regions implicated in the processing of affect. However, this relationship was reduced in those with a melancholic phenotype. Our multimodal findings show differences in evaluative and motoric domains between melancholic and non-melancholic depression through engagement in ecologically valid tasks that evoke positive emotion. These findings provide new markers to stratify depression and an opportunity to support the development of targeted interventions.
Hemoglobin glycation index and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease: insights from a large cohort study
Authors: Lin Zhangyu , He Jining , Yuan Sheng , Song Chenxi , Bian Xiaohui , Yang Min , Dou Kefei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background/objectives
The hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) has been demonstrated to serve as a substitute for the individual bias in glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Our objective was to assess the correlation between HGI and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD).

Subjects/methods
We sequentially recruited 11921 patients with diabetes and CAD at Fuwai Hospital. The patients were categorized into five groups based on their HGI quintiles, ranging from Q1 to Q5. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), which included CV death and nonfatal myocardial infarction.

Results
During the median 3-year follow-up, 327 (2.7%) MACEs were observed. A U-shaped relationship between HGI and 3-year MACEs was demonstrated by restricted cubic spline (RCS) after multivariable adjustment (nonlinear P = 0.014). The Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated that the Q2 group had the lowest risk of MACE (P = 0.006). When comparing the HGI Q2 group, multivariable Cox regression models showed that both low (Q1) and high (Q4 or Q5) HGI were linked to a higher risk of MACEs (all P < 0.05). Patients with a low HGI (Q1) had a significantly increased risk of all-cause and CV death, with a 1.70-fold increase in both cases (both P < 0.05).

Conclusions
In individuals with diabetes and established CAD, HGI levels were found to have a U-shaped relationship with the occurrence of MACEs over a period of three years. Significantly, those with low HGI had an increased risk of CV death.
Circ-0044539 promotes lymph node metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma through exosomal-miR-29a-3p
Authors: Yang Yi , Chen Xue-Qin , Jia Ya-Xun , Ma Jie , Xu Di , Xiang Zuo-Lin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLymph node metastasis (LNM) is a common invasive feature of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with poor clinical outcomes. Through microarray profiling and bioinformatic analyses, we identified the circ-0044539-miR-29a-3p-VEGFA axis as a potential key factor in the progression of HCC LNM. In HCC cells and nude mice, circ-0044539 downregulation or miR-29a-3p upregulation was associated with small tumor size, PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway inactivation, and downregulation of the key LNM factors (HIF-1α and CXCR4). Furthermore, circ-0044539 was also responsible for exosomal miR-29a-3p secretion. Exosomal miR-29a-3p was then observed to migrate to the LNs and downregulate High-mobility group box transcription factor 1 (Hbp1) in Polymorphonuclear Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs), inducing the formation of a microenvironment suitable for tumor colonization. Overall, circ-0044539 promotes HCC cell LNM abilities and induces an immune-suppressive environment in LNs through exosomes, highlighting its potential as a target for HCC LNM and HCC immunotherapy.