bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensively analysis of IL33 in hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis, immune microenvironment and biological role
Authors: Wei Lifang , He Ping , Tan Zhongqiu , Lin Cheng , Wei Zhongheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIL33 plays an important role in cancer. However, the role of liver cancer remains unclear. Open‐accessed data was obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas, Xena, and TISCH databases. Different algorithms and R packages are used to perform various analyses. Here, in our comprehensive study on IL33 in HCC, we observed its differential expression across cancers, implicating its role in cancer development. The single‐cell analysis highlighted its primary expression in endothelial cells, unveiling correlations within the HCC microenvironment. Also, the expression level of IL33 was correlated with patients survival, emphasizing its potential prognostic value. Biological enrichment analyses revealed associations with stem cell division, angiogenesis, and inflammatory response. IL33's impact on the immune microenvironment showcased correlations with diverse immune cells. Genomic features and drug sensitivity analyses provided insights into IL33's broader implications. In a pan‐cancer context, IL33 emerged as a potential tumour‐inhibitor, influencing immune‐related molecules. This study significantly advances our understanding of IL33 in cancer biology. IL33 exhibited differential expression across cancers, particularly in endothelial cells within the HCC microenvironment. IL33 is correlated with the survival of HCC patients, indicating potential prognostic value and highlighting its broader implications in cancer biology.
Assessment of different kinetic models for the production of fructo‐oligosaccharides through enzymatic synthesis
Authors: Ureta Maria Micaela , Salvadori Viviana O. , Gómez‐Zavaglia Andrea , Goñi Sandro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMathematical modeling is a great tool to understand the mechanism of fructo‐oligosaccharides (FOS) synthesis. The objective in this work is to adapt different models designed for FOS synthesis. Two approaches for the reaction mechanism, chain reaction and ping‐pong, were included in the analysis and genetic algorithm was implemented to find the best fit. Both approaches offered good results, chain reaction approach showed lower overall relative errors (below 8.5%) while ping‐pong mechanism best fit presented an overall error of 10.5%. No matter the approach used, the models with best fit involved the concept of glucose inhibition for the transfructosylation reaction. Different objective functions can be tested to reduce the relative errors when the model struggled to describe the behavior of one component. The sensitive analysis helps to evaluate all the variables such as reaction rate, time, productivity, and FOS yield, to find an optimal reaction condition.Practical applicationsThis research aims to describe and help understand the reaction mechanism involved in the enzymatic synthesis of fructo‐oligosaccharides, through the study of the kinetics using different mathematical models found in the consulted bibliography. This way, the operational conditions (substrate type and concentration, enzyme source [bacteria or fungi], enzyme configuration [purified or whole cells, free or immobilized], enzyme/substrate ratio, reaction time, temperature, and pH, batch or continuous mode) can be adapted, ensuring the attainment of the desired final product.
Parents' perceptions of care quality at child health centres: A cross‐sectional study from Sweden
Authors: Jacobzon Anna , Engström Åsa , Gustafsson Silje Rysst , Andersson Maria 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo examine parents' perceptions of care quality at child health centres. Specific objectives were to examine parents' perceptions of the care received and the subjective importance of such care. Furthermore, to examine the relationship between parents' sociodemographic characteristics and the perceptions of care quality.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsA random sample of parents of children born in Sweden in 2021 participated. Data were collected by the QPP‐CHC questionnaire and analysed using descriptive and analytical statistics.ResultsThe response rate was 19.4%. The targeted sample size of 210 participants was reached as 584 parents responded to the questionnaire. Parents' overall ratings of care quality at child health centres indicated optimal quality with mean values >3. However, various potential improvements areas were identified as needing additional information. These included dental care (m = 2.82), allergy prevention (m = 2.25), breastfeeding (m = 2.97), sleep (m = 2.83), the child's behaviour (m = 2.47) and the child's crying (m = 2.47). Also, parents rated suboptimal quality regarding that the care was based on healthcare routines rather than parental preferences and needs (m = 2.86). Parents born outside of the Nordic countries rated higher care quality than those born in the Nordic countries, as well as parents with a non‐academic education.ConclusionParents want information based on their preferences and needs. Parent's perceptions of areas for improvement are new and important knowledge for registered nurses at child health centres.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareThe findings indicate that parents feel that insufficient attention is given to areas of care that they perceive as important. Parents' perspectives on the care quality at child health centres is an important component of quality work and might lead to improvements in the care quality at child health centres.Reporting MethodThe Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies (STROBE) checklist for cross‐sectional studies was used to guide reporting.Implications for policy and practiceThe findings of this study suggests that parents feel that insufficient attention is given to areas of care that they perceive as important. Parents' perspectives on the care quality at child health centres provides important knowledge which can guide further development of care quality at child health centres. The findings indicate that a family‐centred approach that integrates relational and routine‐oriented nursing can be a way to ensure that the care is based on parents' preferences and needs.No patient or public contribution.
Red‐deer dung increases species diversity but does not influence species composition of open grasslands
Authors: Lepková Barbora , Horčičková Eva , Herben Tomáš 
Published: June 2024

AbstractQuestionsFree‐ranging herbivores are often seen as important endozoochorous dispersal vectors for plant propagules. Dispersal by free‐ranging animals, in contrast to domestic animals, and its effects on vegetation have rarely been studied. We ask what are the effects of deposition of dung on open landscape vegetation, how does it influence vegetation development after disturbance by soil removal, and does it change species richness or composition?LocationThe Doupov Mountains, Czech Republic.MethodsWe established a six‐year experiment in 2015 to study the effects of dung deposition on vegetation of an open grassland landscape. The experiment comprised 300 plots distributed across five fenced site locations and treatments were implemented in partially crossed design, with soil removed (disturbance) and dung pellets deposited; treatments were applied once to five replicates, from June to October 2015. We recorded plant species cover at the beginning of the vegetation seasons of 2016, 2017 and 2021.ResultsDung deposition increased species richness and Ellenberg Indicator Values for nutrients, and these effects were stronger in disturbed plots; however, these effects diminished with time. There were no effects of dung deposition on species composition. In contrast, disturbance affected species diversity, composition, Ellenberg Indicator Values for nutrients, proportion of dung‐dispersed species, but not species richness. Surprisingly, there were no effects of timing of dung deposition.ConclusionsOur results indicate that endozoochorous seed dispersal by red deer impacts vegetation dynamics of this open grassland landscape, but effects are weak and diminish with time. Considering the large seed load in dung, it is possible that endozoochorous seeds from wild herbivores are incorporated into the soil seed bank, where they persist until appropriate ecological conditions for germination arise.
Integrative analysis reveals different feature of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma subtypes
Authors: Chen Zhuomiaoyu , Gao Jie , Li Zuyin , Ma Delin , Wang Yang , Cheng Qian , Zhu Jiye , Li Zhao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground & AimsIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) has two main histological subtypes: large and small duct‐type iCCA, which are characterized by different clinicopathological features. This study was conducted with the purpose of expanding our understanding of their differences in molecular features and immune microenvironment.MethodsWe selected 132 patients who underwent radical surgery at our department between 2015 and 2021 for clinical and survival analyses. Whole‐exome sequencing was performed to analyse mutational landscapes. Bulk RNA sequencing and single‐cell RNA sequencing data were used for pathway enrichment and immune infiltration analyses based on differentially expressed genes. The function of PPP1R1B was analysed both in vitro and in vivo and the gene mechanism was further investigated.ResultsWe found that large duct‐type iCCA had worse overall survival and recurrence‐free survival rates than small duct‐type iCCA. Mutations in ARID1A, DOT1L and ELF3 usually occur in large duct‐type iCCA, whereas mutations in IDH1 and BAP1 occur in small duct‐type iCCA. Among the differentially expressed genes, we found that PPP1R1B was highly expressed in large duct‐type iCCA tumour tissues. Expression of PPP1R1B promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion and indicated a worse prognosis. A combination of USF2 with the promoter of PPP1R1B can enhance gene expression in iCCA, which may further affect the expression of genes such as AHNAK, C4BPA and activating the PI3K/AKT pathway.ConclusionsOur findings extend our understanding of large and small duct‐type iCCA. In addition, PPP1R1B may serve as a potential marker and therapeutic target for large duct‐type iCCA.
A novel xylanase from a myxobacterium triggers a plant immune response in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Zhao Yuqiang , Yang Kun , Wang Yanxin , Li Xu , Xia Chengyao , Huang Yan , Li Zhoukun , Zhu Cancan , Cui Zhongli , Ye Xianfeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractXylanases derived from fungi, including phytopathogenic and nonpathogenic fungi, are commonly known to trigger plant immune responses. However, there is limited research on the ability of bacterial‐derived xylanases to trigger plant immunity. Here, a novel xylanase named CcXyn was identified from the myxobacterium Cystobacter sp. 0969, which displays broad‐spectrum activity against both phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria. CcXyn belongs to the glycoside hydrolases (GH) 11 family and shares a sequence identity of approximately 32.0%–45.0% with fungal xylanases known to trigger plant immune responses. Treatment of Nicotiana benthamiana with purified CcXyn resulted in the induction of hypersensitive response (HR) and defence responses, such as the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and upregulation of defence gene expression, ultimately enhancing the resistance of N. benthamiana to Phytophthora nicotianae. These findings indicated that CcXyn functions as a microbe‐associated molecular pattern (MAMP) elicitor for plant immune responses, independent of its enzymatic activity. Similar to fungal xylanases, CcXyn was recognized by the NbRXEGL1 receptor on the cell membrane of N. benthamiana. Downstream signalling was shown to be independent of the BAK1 and SOBIR1 co‐receptors, indicating the involvement of other co‐receptors in signal transduction following CcXyn recognition in N. benthamiana. Moreover, xylanases from other myxobacteria also demonstrated the capacity to trigger plant immune responses in N. benthamiana, indicating that xylanases in myxobacteria are ubiquitous in triggering plant immune functions. This study expands the understanding of xylanases with plant immune response‐inducing properties and provides a theoretical basis for potential applications of myxobacteria in biocontrol strategies against phytopathogens.
Repeatability of retinal and choroidal optical coherence tomography angiography indices in healthy children and young adults
Authors: Lal Barsha , Alonso‐Caneiro David , Read Scott A. , Carkeet Andrew 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the repeatability of retinal and choroidal optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT‐A) indices among healthy children and compare it to healthy young adults.MethodsThis prospective study captured 3 mm × 3 mm and 6 mm × 6 mm macular OCT‐A scans including superficial and deep retinal layers, choriocapillaris and deep choroid over two visits, 1 week apart at approximately the same time of day, for 22 healthy adults (18–30 years) and 21 children (6–15 years). Magnification and projection‐artefact corrected indices extracted using a custom image analysis program and individual biometry were compared between visits using Bland–Altman analysis and intraclass correlation (ICC). Retinal indices included foveal avascular zone metrics, perfusion and vessel density and choroidal indices included choriocapillaris flow deficit metrics and deep choroid perfusion density, in the foveal, parafoveal and perifoveal regions. Repeatability between adults and children was compared with F‐test.ResultsBland–Altman analysis showed that the mean differences between repeated OCT‐A indices were not significantly different from zero for either of the zones, layers and scan sizes in the two age groups (p > 0.05) except for foveal vessel density and foveal avascular zone perimeter (p = 0.04 for both) of 6‐mm‐deep retinal layer scans. The ICC ranged between 0.67 and 0.99. Significantly higher variability between visits (p < 0.05) in the indices was noted among adults than children, especially for choroidal indices of larger scan size.ConclusionThe retinal and choroidal OCT‐A indices in the foveal, parafoveal and perifoveal zones were repeatable in healthy children except for the foveal vessel density and foveal avascular zone perimeter of the 6‐mm‐deep retinal layer, which exhibited statistically borderline differences between visits. The adult group showed more variability between visits compared to children, especially in the larger scan size for choroidal OCT‐A indices.
Salvage of Iatrogenic Sciatic Nerve Injury Caused by Operatively Treated Acetabular Fractures: Two Cases and Literature Review
Authors: Zhang Peng , Tao Fulin , Song Wenhao , Wu Shuai , Wang Dawei , Zhou Dongsheng , Liu Fanxiao 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundWhile sciatic nerve injury has been described as a complication of acetabular fractures, iatrogenic nerve injury remains sparsely reported. This study aims to assess iatrogenic sciatic nerve injuries occurring during acetabular fracture surgery, tracking their neurological recovery and clinical outcomes, and investigating any correlation between recovery and the severity of neurologic injury to facilitate physicians in providing prediction of prognosis.Case PresentationWe present two cases of male patients, aged 56 and 22, who developed sciatic palsy due to iatrogenic nerve injury during acetabular fracture surgery. Iatrogenic sciatic nerve injury resulted from operatively treated acetabular fractures. Surgical exploration, involving internal fixation removal and nerve decompression, successfully alleviated symptoms in both cases postoperatively. At the latest follow‐up, one patient achieved full recovery with excellent function, while the other exhibited residual deficits at the L5/S1 root level along with minimal pain.ConclusionSciatic nerve injury likely stemmed from reduction techniques and internal fixation procedures for the posterior column, particularly when performed with the hip flexed, thereby placing tension on the sciatic nerve. Our case reports underscore the significance of liberal utilization of electrophysiologic examinations and intraoperative monitoring for the prediction of prognosis. Surgical exploration, encompassing internal fixation removal and nerve decompression, represents an effective intervention for resolving sciatic palsy, encompassing both sensory neuropathy and motor symptoms.
Advancements and applications of loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technology in the detection of viral diseases in fruit crops
Authors: Luo Liting , Khan Mehran , Chen Songshu , Wang Fen , Xie Xin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEarly diagnosis has a pivotal role in the effective control and prevention of disease in fruit crops. Loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) has emerged as a prominent modality for disease diagnosis owing to its rapid detection, heightened sensitivity, exceptional specificity and easy operational procedures. The advent of LAMP‐coupled CRISPR‐Cas12, multiplex LAMP (mLAMP) and digital LAMP (dLAMP) has contributed to a paradigm shift in the field and increased the applicability of LAMP technology in viral disease detection. Such advancements have further extended the reach and efficacy of LAMP methodologies in diagnostic research. Here, we review LAMP detection technology application to identify viral diseases in fruits (e.g., apple, passion fruit, banana and citrus) and summarize current developments in LAMP technology and its future prospects, which could enhance its application in the detection of fruit viral diseases.
Task‐based default mode network connectivity predicts cognitive impairment and negative symptoms in first‐episode schizophrenia
Authors: Guha Anika , Popov Tzvetan , Bartholomew Morgan E. , Reed Alexandra C. , Diehl Caroline K. , Subotnik Kenneth L. , Ventura Joseph , Nuechterlein Keith H. , Miller Gregory A. , Yee Cindy M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIndividuals diagnosed with schizophrenia (SZ) demonstrate difficulty distinguishing between internally and externally generated stimuli. These aberrations in “source monitoring” have been theorized as contributing to symptoms of the disorder, including hallucinations and delusions. Altered connectivity within the default mode network (DMN) of the brain has been proposed as a mechanism through which discrimination between self‐generated and externally generated events is disrupted. Source monitoring abnormalities in SZ have additionally been linked to impairments in selective attention and inhibitory processing, which are reliably observed via the N100 component of the event‐related brain potential elicited during an auditory paired‐stimulus paradigm. Given overlapping constructs associated with DMN connectivity and N100 in SZ, the present investigation evaluated relationships between these measures of disorder‐related dysfunction and sought to clarify the nature of task‐based DMN function in SZ. DMN connectivity and N100 measures were assessed using EEG recorded from SZ during their first episode of illness (N = 52) and demographically matched healthy comparison participants (N = 25). SZ demonstrated less evoked theta‐band connectivity within DMN following presentation of pairs of identical auditory stimuli than HC. Greater DMN connectivity among SZ was associated with better performance on measures of sustained attention (p = .03) and working memory (p = .09), as well as lower severity of negative symptoms, though it was not predictive of N100 measures. Together, present findings provide EEG evidence of lower task‐based connectivity among first‐episode SZ, reflecting disruptions of DMN functions that support cognitive processes. Attentional processes captured by N100 appear to be supported by different neural mechanisms.
Deservingness and Welfare Attitudes Through Young Eyes: The Future of the Swiss Welfare State
Authors: Sowula Jakub 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article demonstrates the value of including youth in deservingness and welfare attitude research by investigating Swiss adolescents' deservingness opinions and welfare attitudes (N = 1601, mean age = 14.6). Through a survey experiment focusing on different unemployed groups and unemployment‐related policies, the study revisits prominent research results like the immigrant deservingness gap from a novel perspective, generating insights relevant within and beyond the Swiss context. First, deservingness is a vital predictor of attitudes towards social rights and obligations already in younger years. Moreover, while some patterns of adult‐centred studies are replicated (older unemployed are seen as more deserving than younger unemployed), there are also stark deviations: EU unemployed living in Switzerland are not seen as less deserving than Swiss unemployed. More research focusing on youth can enhance the social legitimacy of policies, clarify the relationship between deservingness and welfare attitudes, and potentially indicate what to expect from the future of the welfare state.
Reducing Helium Consumption in Valve Manufacturing: Alternative Test Fluid for Fugitive Emissions Production Testing
Authors: Lechevallier Emiel , Kruijer Alfred 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Helium gas is used for fugitive emissions testing of industrial components such as valves. Purpose of these tests is to prevent unintentional and undesirable releases of process gas, from industrial sites, into the environment. These fugitive emissions are direct negative contributors to greenhouse gas emissions and local air quality, and therefore linked to environmental and health and safety rules. The valve industry has standards in place to qualify valves for fugitive emissions performance. For instance, ISO 15848-1 (2015, “Industrial Valves – Measurement, Test and Qualification Procedures for Fugitive Emissions Part 1: Classification System and Qualification Procedures for Type Testing of Valves”) classifies valve designs based on emissions, temperature, endurance, and describe the methods for prototype testing. ISO 15848-2 (2015, “Industrial Valves – Measurement, Test and Qualification Procedures for Fugitive Emissions Part 2: Production Acceptance of Test Valves”) defines the criteria for production testing. Test methods in these standards are currently based on Helium gas or Methane gas as the test fluid. With the perspective that governments and the energy industry are setting distinct and increasingly challenging goals to reduce emissions and decarbonize, it is expected that the volume of tests performed will increase in the near future, which, based on a finite resource of helium, may not be sustainable in the future.
Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics-Based Feature Extraction for Data Driven Model Predictive Control of a Buck Boost Switch Mode Power Supply
Authors: Mallamo Declan P. , Azarian Michael H. , Pecht Michael G. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper presents two methods of creating model predictive control (MPC) strategies for efficient real-time control algorithms for power electronics. Two novel methods of performing nonlinear modeling are presented in this research, the first being novel Takagi-Sugeno model, which combines two linear state space models using a membership function to model the nonlinear transitions between operating points. The second method involves using sparse identification of nonlinear dynamics (SINDy), a nonlinear modeling technique that uses L1 regularization of least squares for time-series data to define a parsimonious polynomial function set. This set is used to define the input feature space to extended dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) with control. These models are then used for data-driven model predictive control of a buck switch mode power supply to find the optimal duty cycle that regulates the output voltage over a finite tuned proportional integral derivative (PID) controller. Numerical accuracy challenges are discussed, and strategies are offered for their mitigation.