bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of the Types and Addition Amounts of Sludge on the True Rheological Properties of Petroleum Coke Slurry Flowing in Pipelines
Authors: Liu Meng , Duan Yufeng , Ma Xiuyuan 
Published: March 2015

AbstractEffects of the types and addition amounts of sludge on the true rheological properties of petroleum coke water/sludge slurry (PCWS/PCSS) flowing in pipelines were investigated using the Tikhonov regularization method. Results show that PCWS of 59.8 wt% changes from pseudo-plastic fluid to dilatant fluid as the shear rate increases. However, PCWS of 63.4 wt% is a very complex fluid: shear thinning at low shear rate, followed by shear thickening over a critical shear rate, and a subsequent shear thinning at high shear rate. Rheological properties of PCWS have a significant change after the sludge was added. PCSS changes from dilatant fluid to pseudo-plastic fluid when the addition amounts of sewage sludge ascend to 10 wt%. Petroleum coke particles are trapped by the stable “network” structures, which are formed by flocculent sludge particles. The wall slip velocity of PCSS is higher than that of PCWS with the sludge amount increases, which is beneficial for pipe transportation. In addition, the wall slip velocity of PCSS containing sewage or petrochemical sludge increases with the wall shear rate increases, but the slip velocity of PCSS containing paper mill sludge first increases and then decreases.
On the Exact Solutions of the Thomas Equation by Algebraic Methods
Authors: Al-Ghafri K. S. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The Thomas equation is studied to obtain new exact solutions. The wave transformation technique is applied to simplify the main form of the Thomas equation from partial differential equation (PDE) to an ordinary differential equation (ODE). The modified tanh and (

G
′

/

G

$$G'/G$$

)-expansion methods are used with the aid of Maple software to arrive at exact solutions for the Thomas equation. Many types of solutions are obtained.
Social Media in Crisis: When Professional Responders Meet Digital Volunteers
Authors: Hughes Amanda Lee , Tapia Andrea H. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we examine the socio-technical impact that social media has had on coordination between professional emergency responders and digital volunteers. Drawing from the research literature, we outline the problem space and explore ways to improve coordination and collaboration between these two groups. Possible improvements include mediators, revisiting trust, emergency policy and process changes, a bounded social environment, digital volunteer data as context, and computational solutions. As the space matures and collaboration improves, we predict that professional responders will begin to rely on the data and products produced by digital volunteers. Volunteer groups will be challenged to mature as well, to develop volunteer management systems, permanent staff, data management practices, and training for new volunteers to ensure consistent response to professional responders as needed.
Novel Scheme of Carrier Tri-reuse and Distribution Fiber Protection Based on Round Shift Method in Optical Access Network
Authors: Chen Haibin , Gan Chaoqin , Yin Maojun , Ni Cuiping 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA novel architecture of optical access network based on round shift method is proposed. Round shift method is composed by round service mode of carriers and cycle characteristic of 2×
Non-invasive detection of free hemoglobin in red blood cell concentrates for quality assurance
Authors: Netz Uwe J. , Hirst Lesley , Friebel Moritz 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThere is currently no non-invasive measurement method available on the market for the quality control of red cell concentrates (RCCs). As the level of free hemoglobin is an indicator for hemolysis resulting from destroyed or overaged red blood cells, it is an important parameter to assess the quality and usability of RCCs before transfusion. A new optical device has been developed and tested to enable the measurement of the free hemoglobin concentration non-invasively in RCCs.
A patient with novel mutations causing MEN1 and hereditary multiple osteochondroma
Authors: Remde Hanna , Kaminsky Elke , Werner Mathias , Quinkler Marcus 
Published: March 2015

Summary
We report of a male patient aged 32 years who presented with primary hyperparathyroidism. Three parathyroid glands were resected. At the age of 46 years, nervus facialis irritation was noted, and an MRI scan incidentally revealed a non-functioning pituitary adenoma with affection of the chiasma opticum. The patient underwent transsphenoidal operation resulting in pituitary insufficiency postoperatively. At the same time, primary hyperparathyroidism reoccurred and a parathyroid adenoma located at the thymus was resected. The mother of the patient died early due to multiple tumors. The patient was suspected to have multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) and genetic analysis was performed. In addition, on clinical examination, multiple exostoses were noticed and an additional genetic analysis was performed. His father was reported to have multiple osteochondromas too. MEN1 was diagnosed in the patient showing a novel heterozygote mutation c.2T>A in exon 2, codon 1 (start codon ATG>AAG;p.Met1?) of the MEN1 gene. In genetic mutational analysis of the EXT1 gene, another not yet known mutation c.1418-2A>C was found in intron 5 of the EXT1 gene (heterozygotic). In conclusion, we report novel mutations of the EXT1 and the MEN1 genes causing hereditary multiple osteochondromas and MEN1 in one patient.

Learning points

It is important to ask for the patient's family history in detail.

Patients with MEN1 are characterized by the occurrence of tumors in multiple endocrine tissues and nonendocrine tissues, most frequently parathyroid (95%), enteropancreatic neuroendocrine (50%), and anterior pituitary (40%) tissues.

Familiar MEN1 has a high degree of penetrance (80–95%) by the age over 50; however, combinations of the tumors may be different in members of the same family.

Patients with EXT1 gene mutations should be monitored for possible transformation of bone lesions into osteochondrosarcoma.
Genome-Wide Association Study Based on Multiple Imputation with Low-Depth Sequencing Data: Application to Biofuel Traits in Reed Canarygrass
Authors: Ramstein Guillaume P , Lipka Alexander E , Lu Fei , Costich Denise E , Cherney Jerome H , Buckler Edward S , Casler Michael D 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Genotyping by sequencing allows for large-scale genetic analyses in plant species with no reference genome, but sets the challenge of sound inference in presence of uncertain genotypes. We report an imputation-based genome-wide association study (GWAS) in reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L., Phalaris caesia Nees), a cool-season grass species with potential as a biofuel crop. Our study involved two linkage populations and an association panel of 590 reed canarygrass genotypes. Plants were assayed for up to 5228 single nucleotide polymorphism markers and 35 traits. The genotypic markers were derived from low-depth sequencing with 78% missing data on average. To soundly infer marker-trait associations, multiple imputation (MI) was used: several imputes of the marker data were generated to reflect imputation uncertainty and association tests were performed on marker effects across imputes. A total of nine significant markers were identified, three of which showed significant homology with the Brachypodium dystachion genome. Because no physical map of the reed canarygrass genome was available, imputation was conducted using classification trees. In general, MI showed good consistency with the complete-case analysis and adequate control over imputation uncertainty. A gain in significance of marker effects was achieved through MI, but only for rare cases when missing data were &lt;45%. In addition to providing insight into the genetic basis of important traits in reed canarygrass, this study presents one of the first applications of MI to genome-wide analyses and provides useful guidelines for conducting GWAS based on genotyping-by-sequencing data.
Ruthenium(II)-nitrosyl polypyridinyl Complexes: from NO/ON Isomerization to NO delivery
Authors: Lacroix Pascal G. , Malfant Isabelle 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTRuthenium-nitrosyl (RuII(NO)) complexes are stable in the dark, but exhibit a unique photoreactivity which can lead either to a solid state isomerization from RuII(NO) to RuII(ON), or to a nitric oxide (NO·) release in solution. From our recent discovery of a high yield of isomerization (> 92%) in [RuII(py)4Cl(NO)](PF6)2, we have developed a computational strategy aimed at designing switchable nonlinear optical (NLO) material with high contrast (large difference in the on / off NLO response) in the solid state. Our synthetic targets are terpyridine based RuII chromophores in which various substituents can be introduced to adjust the NLO response which, at best, should be vanishing in the off state. Alternatively, these complexes can undergo a photo-induced NO· release in solution, a possibility which becomes increasingly appealing in relation to the discovery of the numerous biological roles of NO·, in the context of the emergence of the photodynamic therapy. A promising fluorene-terpyridine RuII(NO) complex was investigated, which could find an additional interest in relation to its capability for releasing NO· by a two-photon absorption process.
Molecular Relaxation of the Side Groups in Poly(vinyl alcohol) Films in GHz Frequency Range
Authors: Kumar-Krishnan Siva , Arias de Fuentes Olimpia L. , Prokhorov Evgen , Mauricio‐Sanchez Araceli , Mendoza Moisés Oviedo , Luna-Barcenas Gabriel 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTPoly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is a synthetic polymer which has been used in a wide variety of applications. This polymer has been extensively investigated by a large number of techniques to shed light about its physical and chemical properties. In this work, for fist time, high frequency (1x109-3x109 Hz) relaxation process has been observed in the PVA films in the temperature range of -100C to +1200C. This relaxation exhibits negative activation energy below glass transition temperature Tg and at higher temperature positive activation energy with subsequent saturation. Upon cooling the activation energy was negative again. This high frequency relaxation process and its temperature dependence can be attributed to the interaction of the bounded water and the changes of energy and freedom of movement of OH side molecular chains groups. This conclusion has been supported by in situ FTIR measurements. A possible scenario of this relaxation and dynamics of molecular motion has been proposed.
Solid State NMR Analysis of Two Grafted Biopolymers
Authors: Cedillo Gerardo , Bucio Emilio 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTA potential alternative to achieve smart materials for biomedical applications is the combination of natural and synthetic polymers. In order to understand the structure and properties of two γ-radiation grafted biopolymers, chitosan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (CS/PNIPAAm) and cotton-g-2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (CG-DMAEMA) were analyzed by solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) 13C-CPMAS at different contact times (tCP). The use of different tCP in this grafted biopolymers showed that chemical shifting, broadening, size and symmetry of the some signals, gives important information for structure elucidation and molecular mobility. SSNMR spectra indicate changes in the local order structure, CG suffered less modifications when it is grafted than CS. CG-g-DMAEMA spectrum is very similar to CG spectrum, in contrast with spectrum of CS-g-NIPAAm, is very different than CS. Spectra of swelling polymers in water showed more structural information about secondary structure.
Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Grafted Polypropylene Composites Reinforced with Acetylated Wheat Straw Fibers
Authors: Sánchez Ramón , Aguilar Jacobo , Martínez Silvia Y. , Sanjuan Reyes J. , Mejía Gerardo A. , Macías Emma R. , Soltero J Félix A. , Fernández Víctor V. A. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTDynamic mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP) and grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MA) composites reinforced with acetylated wheat straw fibers (WSF) is reported in this work. The materials were prepared with different fiber particle sizes (40, 80 and 140 U.S. mesh) and at different fiber contents (5, 10 and 15 wt.%). The PP and PP-g-MA composites, where anhydride maleic (MA) was used as coupling agent, were obtained using a twin-screw extruder; whereas an injection-molding machine molded the composite pellets into testing specimens. To observe the morphology of the composites, micrographs were taken with an optical microscope. The Dynamic mechanical properties were analyzed using a torsional rheometer. The morphological analysis showed a high porous structure somehow similar to foamed materials. The storage modulus (G′) increased by increasing the fiber content, and decreased with fiber particle sizes for the PP composites. Meanwhile, the use of the coupling agent additive promoted a modulus increase due to higher fiber-polymer interaction, from better adhesion and chemical bonds formation between the fibers-coupling agent-PP.
Investigation of Mg2Si formation from Si and Mg by using spark plasma sintering synthesis
Authors: Sunohara Kota , Arai Koya , Nakamura Tomoyuki , Fujimoto Kenjiro , Yamaguchi Yuki , Iida Tsutomu , Nishio Keishi 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn this study, we fabricated Mg2Si from metal Mg and Si with different particle sizes (425 - 300, 300 - 180, and 75 μm or less) using spark plasma sintering (SPS) equipment. Additionally, the Mg2Si formation was investigated. A sieved Si powder was mixed with metal Mg powder in an inert gas (Ar) atmosphere. The mixture was placed in a graphite die while still in an Ar atmosphere and subjected to SPS at 923 K and 1113 K. The obtained sintering bodies were Mg2Si particles with a size of about 5 μm. Then, the sintered bodies were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). As a result, it was confirmed that generation of Mg2Si increased with decreasing Si particle size.
Preparation and Powder Characteristics of LNF Compounds for Application in SOFCs
Authors: Ramirez Bruna N. , Fonseca Fábio C. , Escote Márcia T. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTLaNi(1-x)FexO3 (LNF) compounds, with 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4, have interesting physical properties such as high ionic and electronic conductivity, good catalytic activity for oxygen reduction, and thermodynamic compatibility with the YSZ electrolyte, which makes them potential candidates for SOFCs (solid oxides fuel cells) cathodes. Order for these excellent properties are achieved, it is necessary to ensure the presence of the homogeneous phase LNF. The methods for preparing these compounds influence the formation and stabilization of the homogeneous phase and therefore the physical properties of these oxides. For this reason, this work deals with the synthesis of the family of compounds LNF and the correlation between the synthesis and the physical properties obtained. In this context, LNF compounds were synthesized by a modified Pechini method for production of powders. Two different synthetic routes were employed, changing the source of nickel: nickel acetate and nickel nitrate. In order to study the thermal evolution of the LNF phase in these compounds, thermal analysis (DTG) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed. The XRD was verified that the series of compounds synthesized by nickel acetate originated monophasic samples different from those obtained with nickel nitrate. We studied the influence of time and sintering temperature on the superficial characteristics of the samples and it was observed the reduction in sintering time allowed obtaining powders of perovskite phase, with grain sizes and smaller clusters than what was observed in the compound -treated for 10 h. To characterize the particle size, the powders were characterized by curves absorption/desorption (BET). The results also show that heat treatment for shorter times resulted in decreased particle size as well as increase the surface area of the compounds.
Patterned Deposition of Nanoparticles Using Dip Pen Nanolithography For Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Dahlberg Kevin F. , Woods Kelly , Jenkins Carol , Broadbridge Christine C. , Schwendemann Todd C. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractOrdered carbon nanotube (CNT) growth by deposition of nanoparticle catalysts using dip pen nanolithography (DPN) is presented. DPN is a direct write, tip based lithography technique capable of multi-component deposition of a wide range of materials with nanometer precision. A NanoInk NLP 2000 is used to pattern different catalytic nanoparticle solutions on various substrates. To generate a uniform pattern of nanoparticle clusters, various conditions need to be considered. These parameters include: the humidity in the vessel, temperature, and tip-surface dwell time. By patterning different nanoparticle solutions next to each other, identical growth conditions can be compared for different catalysts in a streamlined analysis process. Fe, Ni, and Co nanoparticle solutions patterned on silicon, mica, and graphite substrates serve as nucleation sites for CNT growth. The CNTs were synthesized by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reaction. Each nanoparticle patterned substrate is placed in a tube furnace held at 725°C during CNT growth. The carbon source used in the growth chamber is toluene. The toluene is injected at a rate of 5 mL/hr. Growth is observed for Fe and Ni nanoparticle patterns, but is lacking for the Co patterns. The results of these reactions provide important information regarding efficient and highly reproducible mechanisms for CNT growth.
Settling Efficiency of Urban Particulate Matter Transported by Stormwater Runoff
Authors: Carbone Marco , Penna Nadia , Piro Patrizia 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT: The main purpose of control measures in urban areas is to retain particulate matter washed out by stormwater over impermeable surfaces. In stormwater control measures, particulate matter removal typically occurs via sedimentation. Settling column tests were performed to examine the settling efficiency of such units using monodisperse and heterodisperse particulate matter (for which the particle size distributions were measured and modelled by the cumulative gamma distribution). To investigate the dependence of settling efficiency from the particulate matter, a variant of the evolutionary polynomial regression (EPR), a Microsoft Excel function based on multi‐objective EPR technique (EPR‐MOGA), called EPR MOGA XL, was used as a data‐mining strategy. The results from this study have shown that settling efficiency is a function of the initial total suspended solids (TSS) concentration and of the median diameter (d50 index), obtained from the particle size distributions (PSDs) of the samples.
A Web-Based Intervention for Users of Amphetamine-Type Stimulants: 3-Month Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Tait Robert J , McKetin Rebecca , Kay-Lambkin Frances , Carron-Arthur Bradley , Bennett Anthony , Bennett Kylie , Christensen Helen , Griffiths Kathleen M 
Published: March 2015

Background
Among illicit drugs, the prevalence of amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS) use is second only to cannabis. Currently, there are no approved pharmacotherapies for ATS problems, but some face-to-face psychotherapies are effective. Web-based interventions have proven to be effective for some substance use problems, but none has specifically targeted ATS users.

Objective
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a Web-based intervention for ATS problems on a free-to-access site compared with a waitlist control group.

Methods
We used a randomized controlled trial design. The primary outcome measure was self-reported ATS use in the past three months assessed using the Alcohol, Smoking, Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). Other measures included quality of life (EUROHIS score), psychological distress (K-10 score), days out of role, poly-drug use, general help-seeking intentions, actual help-seeking, and “readiness to change”. The intervention consisted of three fully automated, self-guided modules based on cognitive behavioral therapy and motivation enhancement. The analysis was an intention-to-treat analysis using generalized estimating equation models, with a group by time interaction as the critical assessment.

Results
We randomized 160 people (intervention n=81, control n=79). At three months, 35/81 (43%) intervention and 45/79 (57%) control participants provided follow-up data. In the intervention group, 51/81 (63%) completed at least one module. The only significant group by time interaction was for days out of role. The pre/post change effect sizes showed small changes (range d=0.14 to 0.40) favoring the intervention group for poly-drug use, distress, actual help-seeking, and days out of role. In contrast, the control group was favored by reductions in ATS use, improvements in quality of life, and increases in help-seeking intentions (range d=0.09 to 0.16).

Conclusions
This Web-based intervention for ATS use produced few significant changes in outcome measures. There were moderate, but nonsignificant reductions in poly-drug use, distress, days partially out of role, and increases in help-seeking. However, high levels of participant attrition, plus low levels of engagement with the modules, preclude firm conclusions being drawn on the efficacy of the intervention and emphasize the problems of engaging this group of clients in a fully automated program.

Trial Registration
Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN 12611000947909; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12611000947909 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6SHTxEnzP).
Patient Smartphone Ownership and Interest in Mobile Apps to Monitor Symptoms of Mental Health Conditions: A Survey in Four Geographically Distinct Psychiatric Clinics
Authors: Torous John , Chan Steven Richard , Yee-Marie Tan Shih , Behrens Jacob , Mathew Ian , Conrad Erich J , Hinton Ladson , Yellowlees Peter , Keshavan Matcheri 
Published: March 2015

Background
Despite growing interest in mobile mental health and utilization of smartphone technology to monitor psychiatric symptoms, there remains a lack of knowledge both regarding patient ownership of smartphones and their interest in using such to monitor their mental health.

Objective
To provide data on psychiatric outpatients’ prevalence of smartphone ownership and interest in using their smartphones to run applications to monitor their mental health.

Methods
We surveyed 320 psychiatric outpatients from four clinics around the United States in order to capture a geographically and socioeconomically diverse patient population. These comprised a state clinic in Massachusetts (n=108), a county clinic in California (n=56), a hybrid public and private clinic in Louisiana (n=50), and a private/university clinic in Wisconsin (n=106).

Results
Smartphone ownership and interest in utilizing such to monitor mental health varied by both clinic type and age with overall ownership of 62.5% (200/320), which is slightly higher than the average United States’ rate of ownership of 58% in January 2014. Overall patient interest in utilizing smartphones to monitor symptoms was 70.6% (226/320).

Conclusions
These results suggest that psychiatric outpatients are interested in using their smartphones to monitor their mental health and own the smartphones capable of running mental healthcare related mobile applications.