bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Coordination Chemistry, and Cooperative Activation of H2 with Ruthenium Complexes of Proton‐Responsive METAMORPhos Ligands
Authors: Terrade Frédéric G. , Lutz Martin , van der Vlugt Jarl Ivar , Reek Joost N. H. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe synthetic scope of proton‐responsive sulfonamidophosphorus (METAMORPhos) ligands is expanded and design principles for the selective formation of particular tautomers, ion pairs, or double condensation products are elucidated. These systems have been introduced in the coordination sphere of Ru for the first time, thereby enabling the exclusive coordination as a monoanionic P,O chelate. Depending on the Ru precursor, halide‐bridged dinuclear species 3–5 or cymene‐derived piano‐stool complexes 6–9 are isolated. The METAMORPhos framework is shown to play a role in the heterolytic cleavage of H2, with species 7 converted into neutral monohydride 10. Substitution chemistry with cymene complex 7 has also been examined, thereby giving rise to tetrakis(acetonitrile) adduct 11. Introduction of a second equivalent of METAMORPhos ligand to this species yielded the bis(ligated) derivative 13, for which variable‐temperature (VT) NMR spectroscopy indicates coalescence of the phosphine donors at high temperature. Solid‐state structures of 3, 6, 11, and 13 are presented to establish the precise bonding situation of the inorganic PNSO framework within METAMORPhos upon coordination as a proton‐responsive monoanionic P,O chelate.
Spatial and temporal variation, source profile, and formation mechanisms of PCDD/Fs in the atmosphere of an e-waste recycling area, South China
Authors: Xiao Xiao , Hu Jianfang , Chen Pei , Chen Deyi , Huang Weilin , Peng Ping'an , Ren Man 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

The present study investigated the impact of typical electronic waste (e-waste) dismantling activities on the distribution of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in the adjacent atmospheric environment. The target areas included the town of Longtang, a well known e-waste recycling site, and 2 affected neighborhoods, all of which were within the city of Qingyuan, Guangdong Province, China. Air samples were collected from the 3 locations and analyzed following the standard methods. The results showed that the atmospheric PCDD/F level in Longtang was 159.41 pg m−3, which was approximately 16 to 17 times higher than its neighborhoods and 2 to 4 orders of magnitude higher than baseline levels reported for urban cities of the world. The homologue profiles were quite different from the typical urban air patterns, as de novo synthesis was likely to be the dominant formation pathway of the detected PCDD/Fs. The seasonal variations were minor, and the concentration change of PCDD/Fs between day and night did not follow a clear pattern. Given the unique atmospheric PCDD/F concentrations, similar homologue profiles, and the elemental carbon/organic carbon relationships of the 3 sampling sites, the relatively high dioxin levels in its 2 neighborhoods were most likely the result of the primitive e-waste dismantling activities undertaken in the town of Longtang. A simple risk assessment also showed that the residents of Qingyuan were at high risk of exposure to PCDD/Fs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:500–507. © 2013 SETAC
First‐Line Managers' HR Involvement and HR Effectiveness: The Case of South Korea
Authors: Ryu Seongmin , Kim Sunghoon 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn this study, we empirically examine the consequences of devolving HR responsibilities to first‐line managers (FLMs) who make daily contacts with frontline workers. Drawing from HR strength theory, we propose that FLMs' involvement in HR enhances HR effectiveness. We also argue that the positive relationship between FLMs' HR involvement and HR effectiveness is compromised when a company employs an institutionally emerging HR system, and that this negative combinative effect will be alleviated by transferring HR knowledge to FLMs. We tested the hypothesized relationships using panel survey data from South Korea (N = 215). The results of our hierarchical regression analysis generally support our claims. Implications, limitations, and future research directions are also discussed. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
OPENNESS AND GROWTH: STILL AN OPEN QUESTION?
Authors: Winters L. Alan , Masters Andrew 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe review recent empirical literature on the relationship between openness and the level of national income or, nearly equivalently, trade liberalisation and economic growth. Recent advances reinforce the presumption of a positive causal link from trade to income, especially by solving endogeneity issues more carefully than heretofore and by allowing for heterogeneity between countries. Heterogeneity suggests that low‐income countries may benefit less from trade liberalisation than do other countries, but this is not completely settled. We also argue for analysing policy decisions on trade policy with tools from decision theory rather than those from hypothesis testing. © 2013 Crown copyright. Journal of International Development © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Non‐gaussian diffusion‐weighted imaging for assessing diurnal changes in intervertebral disc microstructure
Authors: Katsura Masaki , Suzuki Yuichi , Hata Junichi , Hori Masaaki , Sasaki Hiroki , Akai Hiroyuki , Mori Harushi , Kunimatsu Akira , Masutani Yoshitaka , Aoki Shigeki , Ohtomo Kuni 
Published: November 2013

PurposeTo investigate the use of non‐Gaussian diffusion‐weighted imaging (q‐space imaging [QSI]) to estimate diurnal changes in intervertebral disc (IVD) microstructure.Materials and MethodsIVDs of 15 male subjects (mean age, 27.3 years; mean body mass index, 22.50 kg/m2) were investigated once in the morning, less than 30 min after rising, and a second time in the evening after at least 10 h of normal physical activity, using 3 Tesla (T) MR imaging. T2 mapping and QSI data values (apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC], root mean square displacement [RMSD], and apparent kurtosis coefficient [AKC]) were calculated and compared between the morning and evening imaging sessions.ResultsThe T2, ADC, and RMSD values showed a significant decrease in the evening (175.8 ± 49.5 ms, 1.56 ± 0.32 10−3mm2/s and 40.0 ± 3.0 μm, respectively; P < 0.05 for all values; paired t‐test), when compared with the morning values (226.5 ± 83.8 ms, 1.69 ± 0.29 10−3mm2/s and 45.2 ± 2.9 μm, respectively). The AKC value showed a significant increase in the evening (0.67 ± 0.08), when compared with the morning value (0.58 ± 0.04; P < 0.05).ConclusionThe RMSD and AKC values obtained from QSI analysis may be biomarkers for IVD diurnal microstructural changes.J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;40:1208–1214. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
INCREASING THE UPTAKE OF PERITONEAL DIALYSIS IN NEW ZEALAND: A NATIONAL SURVEY
Authors: Walker Rachael Claire , Marshall Mark Roger 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYBackgroundPeritoneal dialysis (PD) has been shown to offer a high quality of life and independence to patients. New Zealand (NZ) is a world leader in home dialysis, yet over the last decade, rates of PD have been steadily decreasing for unknown reasons.ObjectivesThis paper reports on the findings of a national survey which explored the clinicians' perspectives on key factors that influence the rate of PD.DesignTen multi‐answer questions were asked of several groups of dialysis health professionals to assess factors that are barriers and enablers to PD, including patient choice of dialysis modality, information about PD and pre‐dialysis education delivery. All NZ nephrologists, pre‐dialysis and PD nurses were invited to complete an anonymous online survey. Responses were analysed to identify perceived barriers and enablers influencing the rate of PD uptake amongst incident dialysis patients.ResultsCompleted surveys were received from 52% of nephrologists, 100% of pre‐dialysis nurses and 50% of PD nurses in NZ. In NZ, patients are offered a choice of dialysis modality with pre‐dialysis nurses delivering the majority of education. The most frequently identified barriers to uptake of PD were lack of information about PD, established misconceptions about PD and late referrals to dialysis. Important enablers were early and frequent pre‐dialysis education. The only two factors which were reported as very important contraindications to PD were dexterity and decreased cognitive function.ConclusionEarly and frequent pre‐dialysis education encourages patients to choose PD and enables early identification and resolution of barriers to the uptake of PD.
Disciplinary and Fitness‐to‐Practice Data, Policies, and Practices in the NHS Trusts and Health Professional Bodies in the UK
Authors: Archibong Uduak , Baxter Carol Elaine , Darr Aliya , Walton Sean , Jogi Mohamed 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIt is important that NHS organizations have the ability to apply disciplinary procedures to ensure that staff behave in an appropriate and professional manner. Anecdotal evidence and a growing body of empirical studies indicates that Black minority ethnic (BME) doctors are more likely to be referred to the General Medical Council. Comparatively, less is known about the experiences of minority ethnic staff from other occupational groups within the NHS. This paper presents the findings abstracted from a larger study to assess the extent of involvement of BME staff in disciplinary procedures within the NHS. The study comprises several distinct phases, including a web audit of NHS trusts and examination of disciplinary policies and practices through workshops with human resources managers and representatives of health profession regulatory bodies alongside workshops with service managers to validate study recommendations to ensure relevance to the end users. Sufficient attention was not always given to transmit the ethos and values of the NHS, nor the organizational culture in which staff would be expected to work. There was repeated mention of a custom and practice culture existing within the NHS that was seen as perpetuating unwritten workplace norms and was instrumental in reproducing inequalities.
Breeding bird use and wetland characteristics of diked and undiked coastal marshes in Michigan
Authors: Monfils Michael J. , Brown Patrick W. , Hayes Daniel B. , Soulliere Gregory J. , Kafcas Ernest N. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDikes were built on Great Lakes coastal wetlands to enable water level management for wetland wildlife, particularly waterfowl, but few studies have compared bird use of these areas to undiked sites. During 2005–2007, we evaluated 9 diked and 7 undiked coastal wetlands at the St. Clair Flats (Lake St. Clair) and Saginaw Bay (Lake Huron) of Michigan, USA. We compared bird use of diked and undiked wetlands via 605 10‐minute point counts at randomly selected locations of emergent marsh and 287 45‐minute surveys of randomly selected open water areas. We also measured wetland characteristics in 1,521 randomly selected 0.25‐m2 quadrats to compare vegetation and physical conditions between diked and undiked wetlands. Diked wetlands had greater coverage and density of cattail (Typha spp.), coverage of floating‐leaved plants, water depth, and organic sediment depth compared to nearby undiked sites, whereas undiked wetlands had greater coverage and density of common reed (Phragmites australis) and bulrush (Schoenoplectus spp.) than diked wetlands. Bird species richness and similarity indices indicated comparable breeding bird communities. We observed greater abundances of Canada goose (Branta canadensis), wood duck (Aix sponsa), American bittern (Botaurus lentiginosus), least bittern (Ixobrychus exilis), and common gallinule (Gallinula galeata) in diked wetlands. These species likely responded to the deep‐water cattail marsh and aquatic bed dominating most diked sites. American coot (Fulica americana), Forster's tern (Sterna forsteri), ring‐billed gull (Larus delawarensis), and herring gull (Larus argentatus) abundance indices were greater in undiked wetlands, likely related to nesting and foraging habitat provided by the shallower, more open wetlands and connecting lakes. Diked wetlands did not benefit the bird community to the degree expected and conditions in diked areas were indicative of deep marshes with stabilized water levels. Periodic late‐summer drawdowns could encourage growth of plants we found associated with greater abundance of some priority bird species and reduction of floating vegetation negatively associated with abundance of several species. However, effective control of invasive common reed is needed to reduce risk of expansion during impoundment dewatering. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Osteopontin mediates tumorigenic transformation of a preneoplastic murine cell line by suppressing anoikis: An Arg‐Gly‐Asp‐dependent‐focal adhesion kinase‐caspase‐8 axis
Authors: Hsieh Yu‐Hua , van der Heyde Henri , Oh Eok‐Soo , Guan Jun‐Lin , Chang Pi‐Ling 
Published: November 2013

AbstractOsteopontin (OPN), an adhesive, matricellular glycoprotein, is a rate‐limiting factor in tumor promotion of skin carcinogenesis. With a tumor promotion model, the JB6 Cl41.5a cell line, we have shown that suppressing 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA)‐induced OPN expression markedly inhibits TPA‐induced colony formation in soft agar, an assay indicative of tumorigenic transformation. Further, the addition of exogenous OPN promotes colony formation of these cells. These findings support a function of OPN in mediating TPA‐induced neoplastic transformation of JB6 cells. In regard to the mechanism of action by OPN, we hypothesized that, for JB6 cells grown in soft‐agar, secreted OPN induced by TPA stimulates cell proliferation and/or prevents anoikis to facilitate TPA‐induced colony formation. Analyses of cell cycle and cyclin D1 expression, and direct cell counting of JB6 cells treated with OPN indicate that OPN does not stimulate cell proliferation relative to non‐treated controls. Instead, at 24 h, OPN decreases anoikis by 41%, as assessed by annexin V assays. Further, in suspended cells OPN suppresses caspase‐8 activation, which is mediated specifically through its RGD‐cell binding motif that transduces signals through integrin receptors. Transfection studies with wild‐type and mutant focal adhesion kinases (FAK) and Western blot analyses suggest that OPN suppression of caspase‐8 activation is mediated through phosphorylation of FAK at Tyr861. In summary, these studies indicate that induced OPN is a microenvironment modulator that facilitates tumorigenic transformation of JB6 cells by inhibiting anoikis through its RGD‐dependent suppression of caspase‐8 activity, which is mediated in part through the activation of FAK at Tyr861. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The analysis of serum response factor expression in bone and soft tissue prostate cancer metastases
Authors: O'Hurley Gillian , Prencipe Maria , Lundon Dara , O'Neill Amanda , Boyce Susie , O'Grady Anthony , Gallagher William M. , Morrissey Colm , Kay Elaine W. , Watson R. William G. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDCastration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) represents a challenge to treat with no effective treatment options available. We recently identified serum response factor (SRF) as a key transcription factor in an in vitro model of castration resistance where we showed that SRF inhibition resulted in reduced cellular proliferation. We also demonstrated an association between SRF protein expression and CRPC in a cohort of castrate‐resistant transurethral resections of the prostate (TURPS). The mechanisms regulating the growth of CRPC bone and visceral metastases have not been explored in depth due to the paucity of patient‐related material available for analysis. In this study, we aim to evaluate SRF protein expression in prostate cancer (PCa) metastases, which has not previously been reported.METHODS AND RESULTSWe evaluated the nuclear tissue expression profile of SRF by immunohistochemistry in 151 metastatic sites from 42 patients who died of advanced PCa. No relationship between SRF nuclear expression and the site of metastasis was observed (P = 0.824). However, a negative association between SRF nuclear expression in bone metastases and survival from (a) diagnosis with PCa (P = 0.005) and (b) diagnosis with CRPC (P = 0.029) was seen. These results demonstrate that SRF nuclear expression in bone metastases is associated with survival, with patients with the shortest survival showing high SRF nuclear expression and patients with the longest survival having low SRF nuclear expression.CONCLUSIONOur study indicates that SRF is a key factor determining patients' survival in metastatic CRPC and therefore may represent a promising target for future therapies. Prostate 74:306–313, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Planning Cycle for Integrating Digital Technology Into Literacy Instruction
Authors: Hutchison Amy , Woodward Lindsay 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWith the adoption of the Common Core State Standards by most states, the use of digital tools in literacy and language arts instruction has become of critical importance to educators. These changes produce a need for a better understanding of how literacy and language arts teachers can successfully integrate digital tools into their instruction and the types of knowledge they employ as they do so. Thus, the purpose of this article is to present the Technology Integration Planning Cycle for Literacy and Language Arts to support teachers with integrating digital technology into literacy instruction. This instructional planning cycle identifies seven critical elements that influence literacy teachers' instructional planning involving digital technology and the success or failure of the resulting classroom instruction. A classroom example is provided to illustrate the instructional planning process.
Summer herpetofaunal response to prescribed fire and herbicide in intensively managed, mid‐rotation pine stands in Mississippi
Authors: Iglay Raymond B. , Leopold Bruce D. , Miller Darren A. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTManagers of commercial forests are increasingly expected to incorporate conservation of biodiversity in forest management plans, but a paucity of information exists regarding herpetofaunal responses to mid‐rotation release practices of dormant‐season prescribed fire and selective herbicide in intensively managed pine (Pinus spp.) stands. However, these management tools have demonstrated capabilities of improving conservation value in these forests in the southeastern United States. Therefore, we investigated summer herpetofaunal responses to factorial combinations of dormant‐season prescribed fire and a commonly used herbicide (imazapyr) with a randomized complete block design of 6 mid‐rotation pine stands with 4 experimental units in Mississippi, USA, to which we applied at random 1 of 4 treatments (i.e., burn only, herbicide only, burn + herbicide, control). We captured 814 reptiles and 3,699 amphibians of 17 and 16 species, respectively, using drift‐fence arrays during May and June, 1999–2007. Herpetofaunal assemblages only differed between burn + herbicide and control plots in 2002. Species‐specific responses were limited to differences across years within treatments and greater eastern fence lizard (Sceloporus undulatus) relative abundance in burned or herbicide‐treated sites soon after treatment. Furthermore, herpetofaunal associations with measured environmental variables (e.g., vegetation structure and biomass and trap‐site characteristics) did not indicate that treatment influenced fluctuations in species relative abundances. Consistent with past studies, forest managers of commercial pine forests using dormant‐season prescribed fire with or without imazapyr will most likely have minimal additional effects on herpetofaunal assemblages, but current knowledge gaps require additional research to better understand mechanisms of species abundance and persistence in these landscapes. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Protectin DX, a Double Lipoxygenase Product of DHA, Inhibits Both ROS Production in Human Neutrophils and Cyclooxygenase Activities
Authors: Liu Miao , Boussetta Tarek , Makni‐Maalej Karama , Fay Michèle , Driss Fathi , El‐Benna Jamel , Lagarde Michel , Guichardant Michel 
Published: November 2013

AbstractNeutrophils play a major role in inflammation by releasing large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NADPH oxidase (NOX) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). This ROS overproduction is mediated by phosphorylation of the NOX subunits in an uncontrolled manner. Therefore, targeting neutrophil subunits would represent a promising strategy to moderate NOX activity, lower ROS, and other inflammatory agents, such as cytokines and leukotrienes, produced by neutrophils. For this purpose, we investigated the effects of protectin DX (PDX)—a docosahexaenoic acid di‐hydroxylated product which inhibits blood platelet aggregation—on neutrophil activation in vitro. We found that PDX decreases ROS production, inhibits NOX activation and MPO release from neutrophils. We also confirm, that PDX is an anti‐aggregatory and anti‐inflammatory agent by inhibiting both cyclooxygenase‐1 and ‐2 (COX‐1 and COX‐2, E.C. 1.14.99.1) as well as COX‐2 in lipopolysaccharides‐treated human neutrophils. However, PDX has no effect on the 5‐lipoxygenase pathway that produces the chemotactic agent leukotriene B4 (LTB4). Taken together, our results suggest that PDX could be a protective agent against neutrophil invasion in chronic inflammatory diseases.
Influence of Radiation Processing of Cooked Beef Sausage on Its Lipids
Authors: Abedi Abdol‐Samad , Khaksar Ramin , Ferdousi Roholla , Komeilifanood Rozita , Azadnia Ebrahim , Eskandari Soheyl 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe effect of gamma irradiation on fatty acid composition and lipid oxidation in emulsion‐type cooked beef sausages was investigated. Vacuum‐packaged sausages were irradiated at 2, 4, 6 and 8 kGy and stored at 4 °C for 4 weeks. Samples were analyzed for fatty acid composition at 0 and 4 weeks and lipid oxidation after 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks of storage. Irradiation reduced the content of oleic acid and linoleic acid, and the effect was intensified during storage. Elaidic acid content increased at doses of 6 and 8 kGy. The results indicated that irradiation at 6 and 8 kGy increased lipid oxidation, measured as the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances value. Based on the results, cooked beef sausages could be irradiated at 2 and 4 kGy without affecting the molecular structure of lipids.
OPTIMAL REINSURANCE WITH LIMITED CEDED RISK: A STOCHASTIC DOMINANCE APPROACH
Authors: Chi Yichun , Lin X. Sheldon 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAn optimal reinsurance problem from the perspective of an insurer is studied in this paper, where an upper limit is imposed on a reinsurer's expected loss over a prescribed level. In order to reduce the moral hazard, we assume that both the insurer and the reinsurer are obligated to pay more as the amount of loss increases in a typical reinsurance treaty. We further assume that the optimization criterion preserves the convex order. Such a criterion is very general as most of the criteria for optimal reinsurance problems in the literature preserve the convex order. When the reinsurance premium is calculated as a function of the actuarial value of coverage, we show via a stochastic dominance approach that any admissible reinsurance policy is dominated by a stop-loss reinsurance or a two-layer reinsurance, depending upon the amount of the reinsurance premium. Moreover, we obtain a similar result to Mossin's Theorem and find that it is optimal for the insurer to cede a loss as much as possible under the net premium principle. To further examine the reinsurance premium for the optimal piecewise linear reinsurance policy, we assume the expected value premium principle and derive the optimal reinsurance explicitly under (1) the criterion of minimizing the variance of the insurer's risk exposure, and (2) the criterion of minimizing the risk-adjusted value of the insurer's liability where the liability valuation is carried out using the cost-of-capital approach based on the conditional value at risk.