bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study on the relationship and path between mental health and burnout of Chinese athletes
Authors: Gao Yun , Wang Lei 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThis study aims to explore the relationship and influencing pathways between mental health indicators and athlete burnout among Chinese competitive athletes.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 501 elite Chinese athletes from several national and provincial sports teams. Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) was used to measure anxiety, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ- 9) was used to measure depression, Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire (APSQ) was used to measure perceived stress, and Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ) was used to measure burnout. The results were derived using reliability testing, descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and structural equation modeling.ResultsThe following results were obtained: (a) the clinical detection rates of anxiety and depression in this sample were within normal levels, but the detection rate of perceived stress (78.64%) was relatively high; (b) all three mental health indicators were significantly correlated with athlete burnout; (c) in our model, there was a direct path with APSQ directly contributing to 69.95% of the variance in athlete burnout, and two indirect paths with APSQ exerting an indirect effect through depression or/and anxiety accounting for 30.05% of the variance.ConclusionThe findings revealed the psychological characteristics of Chinese competitive athletes and the direct and indirect effects of the APSQ on burnout. Future research should actively promote the international development and application of burnout assessment tools, conduct more comprehensive studies on athlete mental health monitoring, and intensify efforts in athlete education, treatment, and support services, as well as strategies for athlete’s coping stress.
The global burden of cardiovascular disease attributable to diet high in sugar-sweetened beverages among people aged 60 years and older: an analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019
Authors: Lv Jiajie , Yang Chenghao , Yang Xitao 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesThis study aimed to quantify the global cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden attributable to diet high in sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) among adults aged 60 years and older using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019.MethodsWe extracted data on CVD mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and risk-factor exposures from the GBD 2019 study for people aged 60 and older. Age-period-cohort models were used to estimate the overall annual percentage change in mortality and DALY rate (net drift, % per year), mortality and DALY rate for each age group from 1990 to 2019 (local drift, % per year), longitudinal age-specific rate corrected for period bias (age effect), and mortality and Daly rate for each age group from 1990 to 2019 (local drift, % per year). And period/cohort relative risk (period/cohort effect).ResultsBetween 1990 and 2019, global age-standardized CVD mortality (ASMR) and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rates attributable to high SSB intake decreased, with larger reductions in high-SDI regions. ASMR declined from 19.5 to 13 per 100,000 (estimated annual percentage change (EAPC): −1.46%) and ASDR declined from 345.8 to 220.6 per 100,000 (EAPC: −1.66%). Age-period-cohort analysis showed CVD deaths and DALYs increased exponentially with age, peaking at 85–89 years. Period effects indicated declining CVD mortality and DALY rates since 1999, especially in higher-SDI regions. Cohort effects demonstrated consistent risk declines across successive generations born between 1900 and 1959. Predictions suggest continuing decreases through 2045 globally, but slower declines in lower-SDI regions.ConclusionIn conclusion, this comprehensive assessment of global CVD burden among older adults attributable to high SSB intake highlights major achievements but also persistent areas needing attention. Favorable declining mortality and DALY rate trends reflect substantial progress in CVD control amid population growth and aging.
Comprehensive analysis of the rostral and caudal cerebral artery branching patterns in the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius)
Authors: Al Aiyan Ahmad , Balan Rinsha 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionIn mammals, the cerebral cortex depends on a robust blood supply for optimal function. The rostral and caudal cerebral arteries are critical for supplying the cerebrum. This study presents the first detailed anatomical description of the rostral and caudal cerebral arteries of dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius), including their origins, routes, and complex branching patterns.MethodsA sample of 55 heads from male dromedary camels aged 2–6 years was analyzed using advanced casting techniques with various casting materials to provide precise visualization of these arterial structures.ResultsThe rostral cerebral arteries originate dorsally from the rostral epidural rete mirabile (RERM), while the caudal cerebral arteries arise from the caudal communicating artery, which is another branch of the RERM. Both sets of arteries give rise to multiple cortical branches responsible for supplying the medial aspects of the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes, as well as the medial and caudal regions of the occipital lobes.ConclusionThis study significantly expands our understanding of the cerebrovascular anatomy of dromedary camels. Our findings have potential implications for veterinary medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders in camels and may offer insights into broader comparative neuroscience research.
Enteropathogenic Providencia alcalifaciens: A Subgroup of P. alcalifaciens That Causes Diarrhea
Authors: Bulach Dieter , Carter Glen P. , Albert M. John 
Published: July 2024

Despite being considered a normal flora, Providencia alcalifaciens can cause diarrhea. In a previous study, strain 2939/90, obtained from a diarrheal patient, caused invasion and actin condensation in mammalian cells, and diarrhea in a rabbit model. Four TnphoA mutants of 2939/90 produced negligible invasion and actin condensation in mammalian cells. Now, the parent strain and the mutants have been sequenced to locate TnphoA insertion sites and determine the effect on virulence. A TnphoA insertion was detected in the type three secretion system (T3SS) locus on a large plasmid and not in a T3SS locus on the chromosome. In 52 genomes of P. alcalifaciens surveyed, the chromosomal T3SS locus was present in all strains, including both P. alcalifaciens genomic clades, which we classified as group A and group B. Plasmid T3SS was present in 21 of 52 genomes, mostly in group A genomes, which included isolates from an outbreak of hemorrhagic diarrhea in dogs. The TnphoA insertion only in the plasmid T3SS locus affected the invasion phenotype, suggested that this locus is critical for causation of diarrhea. We conclude that a subgroup of P. alcalifaciens that possesses this plasmid-mediated T3SS is an enteric pathogen that can cause diarrheal disease.
Clinical application of "Ethoxysclerol" and "Bleomycin" in the management of retention cysts of the salivary glands in pediatric patients: case studies
Authors: Bakshi T. A. , Yakovlev S. V. , Topolnitskiy O. Z. , Gurgenadze A. P. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Retention cysts of the salivary glands are a frequent occurrence in dental practice. Traditional treatments, such as cystadenectomy and cystotomy, are commonly employed. However, these procedures are associated with postoperative complications, including recurrence, damage to adjacent structures (e.g., ducts of neighbouring salivary glands, blood vessels, and nerves), and inadvertent opening of the submandibular salivary gland capsule.Description of clinical cases. This paper presents clinical cases of four pediatric patients diagnosed with retention cysts of the salivary glands, treated at the Department of Pediatric Maxillofacial Surgery, Russian University of Medicine. All patients received treatment with "Lauromacrogol-400" ("Ethoxysclerol") and "Bleomycin." In the postoperative period, no complications or adverse effects related to the administered drugs were observed. Follow-up examinations revealed no clinical manifestations of retention cysts or ultrasonographic evidence of cysts.Conclusions. Sclerotherapy using "Ethoxysclerol" and "Bleomycin" for the treatment of retention cysts of the salivary glands presents a viable minimally invasive alternative to conventional surgical methods, potentially mitigating the risks associated with more invasive procedures.
GPs’ reflections on prescribing addictive hypnotics to older people: a qualitative study
Authors: Skjeie Holgeir , Brekke Mette , Skonnord Trygve 
Published: July 2024

Background
The European guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia recommends, for all age groups, only restrictive, short-term, and periodic use of potentially addictive hypnotics. As in other European countries, in Norway, actual practice involving older patients differs substantially from this recommendation, as shown by the persistent high frequency of regular prescriptions of addictive hypnotics.

Aim
To explore experienced Norwegian GPs’ views of the regular prescription of addictive hypnotics to patients aged >70 years living at home.

Design & setting
In-depth individual interviews of a purposive sample of experienced specialists in family medicine at GP offices in Southern Norway.

Method
The interviews used a semi-structured interview guide and were performed between June 2022 and January 2023. Reflexive thematic cross-case analysis was used to analyse the data.

Results
Most of the 11 GPs interviewed had more than 10 older patients who were prescribed hypnotics for daily use and the same number for intermittent prescription. Almost all prescriptions were of z-hypnotics. The GPs knew this was contrary to the guideline. Many were at ease with this fact. They emphasised the need to avoid creating new dependencies. The GPs considered these patients a selected minority within this age group with serious sleep problems, for whom few realistic alternatives were available and whose tolerance over time was better than expected. This logic of pragmatic practice reflected a patient-centred approach and respect for the patient’s view in a shared decision-making process, combined with challenges of limited alternatives and resources.

Conclusion
A 'zero vision' on the prescription of addictive hypnotics to older people may neither be prudent nor realistic in the context of general practice.
Hubungan Pola Asuh Orang Tua terhadap Kepatuhan Penerapan Protokol Kesehatan pada Anak Usia Sekolah di Era New Normal
Authors: Permana Adi Wijaya I Putu , Sulisnadewi Ni Luh Kompyang , Labir I Ketut 
Published: July 2024

Compliance of health protocols implementation on school age children in the new normal era influenced by many factors, one of which is parents parenting. The purpose of this study was to determine the relation between parents parenting with compliance of health protocols implementation on school age children in the new normal era. The research was conducted at SD No. 4 Mengwi in 2021. The research design used correlational analytic with cross-sectional design. The sample in this study amounted to 97 people using simple random sampling technique. Parenting patterns were measured using a parenting style questionnaire, compliance of health protocols implementation was measured using a health protocols questionnaire. The results showed that 50.5% were male, 36.1% were 11 years old. 92.8% of the parenting characteristic was point to democratic parenting. The category compliance of health protocols implementation, obedient was 3.1% in authoritarian parenting, obedient was 92.8% in democratic parenting, and unobedient was 4.1% in permissive parenting. Chi square test results obtained values of r +0.765 and sig. = 0.000 (α=0.050). The conclusions that there are strong, positive, and significant relation between parents parenting with compliance of health protocols implementation.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Melalui Whatsapp Reminder terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Pencegahan Covid-19
Authors: Surya Swarnata Putu Gede , Sipahutar Ida Erni , Yunianti SC NLP 
Published: July 2024

The world was shocked by the outbreak of new pneumonia which started in China, then spread rapidly to more than 190 countries in the world. The impact is almost the entire sector, not only health and economy, but also education. This limitation of the activities affects the pattern of education and all activities that are usually done by Indonesian, then disrupting the movement and dissemination of health information about Covid-19 in the community. Social media can help to increase their knowledge of prevention in dealing with Coronavirus. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of health education through regular WhatsApp reminders on the level of knowledge of Covid-19 prevention. This type of research is the One-group pre-post test design. The sampling technique used was proportionate stratified random sampling with a sample size of 81 people. The results showed that the average score of students' preparedness before treatment was 78.23 and after 90.70 with the average difference before and after treatment of 12.47. The results of the study were tested with the Wilcoxon test and the Asymp.Sig value was obtained. = 0.000 (0.05), It can be concluded that there was an effect of health education through periodical-WhatsApp-reminders to the knowledge level of Covid-19 prevention at SMP N 1 Gianyar in 2021. Prevention of Covid-19 through WhatsApp can be developed with interesting, diverse, effective and efficient methods such as video, sound and images.
Selected Issues in Anthropology: Parochial Altruism, Assortative Mating, and Anthropogenesis
Authors: Строев С.А. 
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматривается ряд вопросов, связанных с эволюцией и биологией поведения человека. В свете синтеза теорий антропогенеза Клода Оуэна Лавджоя и Сэмюэля Боулза в качестве одного из ключевых вопросов антропологии выделяется неустойчивое динамическое равновесие между парохиально-альтруистическими стратегиями репродуктивного успеха, толкающими человечество к разделению на репродуктивно замкнутые, изолированные и генетически однородные внутри себя суперорганизмы, и эгоистическими стратегиями, ограничивающими развитие эусоциальности и способствующими социальной атомизации, размыванию границ между сообществами и межпопуляционному генетическому смешению. Особое внимание в статье уделяется важному фактору, «играющему на стороне» парохиального альтруизма - репродуктивной и социальной ассортативности, то есть стремлению к формированию семейных и дружеских пар с генетическими родственниками. В заключение отмечаются факторы, которые могут оказывать существенное влияние на направление дальнейшей продолжающейся биологической эволюции человека как вида.
The article deals with a number of issues related to the evolution and biology of human behavior. In the light of the synthesis of the theories of anthropogenesis by Claude Owen Lovejoy and Samuel Bowles, one of the key issues of anthropology is an unstable dynamic balance between the parochial-altruistic strategies of reproductive success, pushing humanity to division into reproductively closed, isolated and genetically homogeneous superorganisms, and egoistic strategies, limiting the development of eusociality and contributing to social atomization, blurring of boundaries between communities and interpopulation genetic mixing. Particular attention is paid to an important factor that "plays on the side" of parochial altruism reproductive and social assortativeness, that is, the desire to form family and friendly couples with genetic relatives. In conclusion, factors are noted that can have a significant impact on the direction of further ongoing biological evolution of man as a species.
Food security in the Russian Federation in the context of the economic crisis and sanctions
Authors: Азиева Р.Х. , Дааев С.А. 
Published: July 2024

В статье производится анализ теоретических вопросов в области обеспечения продовольственной безопасности страны в кризисный период. Отмечается высокая взаимосвязанность вопросов обеспечения национальной, экономической и продовольственной безопасности - все эти элементы не только находятся в достаточно тесной интеграции, но и оказывают смежное взаимовлияние. Подчеркивается, что современный уровень продовольственной безопасности России характеризуется в большей мере как положительный. В рамках отдельных категорий доля отечественных производителей в производстве продовольствия превышает 95-97%. Тем не менее, сегодня остается ряд наиболее значимых проблем в области продовольственной безопасности, ключевыми из которых становятся: экологическое и ресурсное истощение, увеличение расходов населения на продовольственную продукцию, производимую внутри страны, а также невозможность самостоятельного технологического оснащения тех сфер и отраслей экономики, которые тесно связаны с продовольственной безопасностью. В результате исследования подчеркивается, что текущий курс в области продовольственной безопасности должен приобрести согласованность с новыми инициативами, связанными с обеспечением технологического и ресурсного импортозамещения.
The article analyzes theoretical issues in the field of ensuring food security of the country during the crisis period. There is a high interconnectedness of issues of ensuring national, economic and food security - all these elements are not only in fairly close integration, but also have an adjacent mutual influence. It is emphasized that the current level of food security in Russia is characterized to a greater extent as positive. Within certain categories, the share of domestic producers in food production exceeds 95-97%. Nevertheless, today there remain a number of the most significant problems in the field of food security, the key of which are: environmental and resource depletion, increased spending of the population on food products produced within the country, as well as the impossibility of independent technological equipment of those spheres and sectors of the economy that are closely related to food security. As a result of the study, it is emphasized that the current course in the field of food security should be consistent with new initiatives related to ensuring technological and resource import substitution.
Methodological problems of assessing the state of food security of the Russian Federation
Authors: Бабешин М.А. 
Published: July 2024

В статье сформулированы предложения по оптимизации методики оценки состояния продовольственной безопасности, заключающиеся в обязательном учете показателя, характеризующего управленческий аспект органов государственной власти.
The article formulates proposals for optimizing the methodology for assessing the state of food security, consisting in mandatory accounting of the indicator characterizing the managerial aspect of public authorities.
Improving of the approaches to procedures of the development and evaluation of state programs in the implementation of socio-economic policy
Authors: Запольнова Л.А. 
Published: July 2024

Внедрение в течение 2020-2021 годов ограничительных мер, необходимых для предотвращения распространения коронавирусной инфекции и спасения человеческих жизней, сложная экономическая ситуация, обусловленная санкциями и оттоком иностранного капитала, все это стало в то же время беспрецедентным вызовом не только для национальных правительств и рядовых граждан, но и для экономики. Большое количество предприятий разных секторов экономики столкнулось с невозможностью осуществлять хозяйственную деятельность, потеряло доходы и оказалось на грани банкротства и закрытия. Деятельность других предприятий была существенно ограничена. Соответственно, формирование шагов по предотвращению или смягчению негативных факторов должно опираться на научно-обоснованные и продуманные шаги по реализации определенного плана или программы действий. Таким образом, актуализируется важность совершенствования процедур разработки и оценки государственных программ как по поддержанию отдельных сфер экономики, социальной политики, так и общего развития страны.
The introduction during 2020-2021 of restrictive measures necessary to prevent the spread of coronavirus infection and save human lives, the difficult economic situation caused by sanctions and the outflow of foreign capital, all this has at the same time become an unprecedented challenge not only for national governments and ordinary citizens, but also for the economy. A large number of enterprises in different sectors of the economy faced the inability to carry out economic activities, lost income and found themselves on the verge of bankruptcy and closure. The activities of other enterprises were significantly limited. Accordingly, the formation of steps to prevent or mitigate negative factors should be based on scientifically sound and thoughtful steps to implement a specific plan or program of action. Thus, the importance of improving the procedures for developing and evaluating state programs both to support certain areas of the economy, social policy, and the overall development of the country, is actualized.
Conceptual approaches to the apparatus of managing the adaptation of the economy to climate change
Authors: Елисеев Д.О. , Наумова Ю.В. 
Published: July 2024

В исследовании проведен анализ существующих в России государственных стандартов в области планирования адаптации национальной экономики к климатическим изменениям. Выявлены проблемные вопросы институционального характера, противоречия в нормативных документах. Сформулированы концептуальные подходы к совершенствованию системы государственного планирования адаптации к климатическим изменениям, в части нормативной базы, координации взаимоотношений между субъектами планирования, содержательной части планов адаптации.
The study analyzes the state standards existing in Russia in the field of planning the adaptation of the national economy to climate change. Problematic issues of an institutional nature, contradictions in regulatory documents are identified. Conceptual approaches have been formulated to improve the system of state planning for adaptation to climate change, in terms of the regulatory framework, coordination of relationships between planning entities, and the content of adaptation plans.
Adaptation of budget policy to modern realities, taking into account social justice
Authors: Алиев О.М. , Гаджимурадова Э.Э. 
Published: July 2024

Рассмотрены подходы к формированию бюджета страны для выбора оптимальной бюджетной политики. Показано, что ни один из них в отдельности не является достаточным и верным руководством к действию, но в комплексе они могут послужить в качестве инструментов балансирования бюджетной политики регионов. Необходимо равномерное распределение государственных закупок среди представителей различных субъектов федерации. Отмечен неуклонный рост налоговой нагрузки и увеличение расходов государства в вопросах, связанных с преодолением эффектов коронавирусной инфекции и трансформацией экономики. Анализируются возможности адаптации бюджетной политики к современным реалиям с учетом социальной справедливости.
Approaches to the formation of the country's budget for choosing the optimal budget policy are considered. It is shown that none of them individually is a sufficient and correct guide to action, but in combination they can serve as tools for balancing the budgetary policy of the regions. It is necessary to evenly distribute public procurement among representatives of various subjects of the federation. A steady increase in the tax burden and an increase in government spending in matters related to overcoming the effects of coronavirus infection and transforming the economy were noted. The possibilities of adapting budgetary policy to modern realities are analyzed, taking into account social justice.