bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolomic profiles of incident gallstone disease
Authors: Uche-Anya Eugenia , Ha Jane , Balasubramanian Raji , Rexrode Kathryn M , Chan Andrew T 
Published: August 2024

Background and aimsGallstone disease affects ≥40 million people in the USA and accounts for health costs of ≥$4 billion a year. Risk factors such as obesity and metabolic syndrome are well established. However, data are limited on relevant metabolomic alterations that could offer mechanistic and predictive insights into gallstone disease. This study prospectively identifies and externally validates circulating prediagnostic metabolites associated with incident gallstone disease.MethodsFemale participants in Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and Nurses’ Health Study II (NHS II) who were free of known gallstones (N=9960) were prospectively followed up after baseline metabolomic profiling with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariable logistic regression and enrichment analysis were used to identify metabolites and metabolite groups associated with incident gallstone disease at PFDR<0.05. Findings were validated in 1866 female participants in the Women’s Health Initiative and a comparative analysis was performed with 2178 male participants in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study.ResultsAfter multivariate adjustment for lifestyle and putative risk factors, we identified and externally validated 17 metabolites associated with incident gallstone disease in women—nine triacylglycerols (TAGs) and diacylglycerols (DAGs) were positively associated, while eight plasmalogens and cholesterol ester (CE) were negatively associated. Enrichment analysis in male and female cohorts revealed positive class associations with DAGs, TAGs (≤56 carbon atoms and ≤3 double bonds) and de novo TAG biosynthesis pathways, as well as inverse associations with CEs.ConclusionsThis study highlights several metabolites (TAGs, DAGs, plasmalogens and CE) that could be implicated in the aetiopathogenesis of gallstone disease and serve as clinically relevant markers.
Memory Principle of the MATLAB Code for Lyapunov Exponents of Fractional-Order
Authors: Danca Marius-F. , Fečkan Michal 
Published: August 2024

This paper presents two representative classes of Impulsive Fractional Differential Equations defined with generalized Caputo’s derivative, with fixed lower limit and changing lower limit, respectively. Memory principle is studied and numerical examples are considered. The problem of the memory principle of the MATLAB code for Lyapunov exponents of fractional-order systems [ Danca & Kuznetsov , 2018 ] is analyzed.
Accuracy of Implant Placement Based on Three-Dimensional Preoperative Planning in Total Elbow Arthroplasty
Authors: MATSUO Tomoki , IWAMOTO Takuji , KIYOTA Yasuhiro , SUZUKI Taku , MATSUMURA Noboru , SATO Kazuki 
Published: August 2024

Background: Accurate implant placement in the optimal position is important to obtain favourable clinical outcomes and prevent complications in total joint arthroplasty. We aimed to assess the accuracy of implant placement based on three-dimensional (3D) preoperative planning for unlinked total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) and to clarify the effect of implant placement on clinical outcomes. Methods: This study included 20 patients (22 elbows, 17 with rheumatoid arthritis and 5 with osteoarthritis, with a mean follow-up period of 47 months) who underwent TEA with an unlinked-type implant after computed tomography (CT)-based 3D preoperative planning. Implant placement was planned preoperatively and several parameters were set to reflect it intraoperatively. TEA was performed based on the plan, and postoperative CT was conducted to evaluate differences in implant placement by comparing the preoperative plan and postoperative implant placement. Furthermore, we evaluated the relationship between implant placement differences and postoperative clinical outcomes, including range of motion, Visual Analogue Scale, Mayo Elbow Performance Score 1 year after surgery and complications at the last follow-up. Results: The mean absolute translation was within 2 mm, the mean absolute tilt was within 4°, the mean absolute rotation of the humeral component was within 4° and the mean absolute rotation of the ulnar component was 10.2° ± 6.8°. In the ulnar components, 15/22 (68%) cases were externally rotated, and the mean external rotation was 7.1° ± 10.2°. We defined the absolute ulnar component’s rotational difference of more than 10° as a ‘malrotation’ group (n = 8) and 10° or less as a ‘control’ group (n = 14). We compared the clinical outcomes between both groups, however, no significant differences were observed in clinical outcomes and complications. Conclusions: We observed notable malrotation in the postoperative positioning of the ulnar component. Intraoperative support devices may be necessary to accurately reproduce the preoperative plan in the surgical field. Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
Geocronologia U-Pb (LA-ICPMS) de zircões dos distritos pegmatíticos de Santa Maria de Itabira e São José da Safira (Minas Gerais): populações contrastantes na região da Província Pegmatítica Oriental do Brasil?
Authors: Chaves Mario Luiz de Sá Carneiro , Pedrosa-Soares Antônio Carlos , Dussin Ivo Antônio , Menezes Filho Luiz Alberto Dias 
Published: August 2024

Os distritos pegmatíticos de Santa Maria de Itabira (DPSM) e de São José da Safira (DPSJ) são classicamente integrantes da Província Pegmatítica Oriental do Brasil (PPOB), embora até então com carência de dados geocronológicos em termos regionais. Neste estudo apresentam-se novas datações U-Pb (LA-ICPMS) de zircões extraídos de três pegmatitos desses distritos (Ponte da Raiz, Jaguaraçu e Ipê). Os zircões do Pegmatito Ponte da Raiz (DPSM), considerados magmáticos, fornecem uma robusta idade-concórdia em 1675 ± 5 Ma, indicando sua cristalização compatível com o magmatismo anorogênico da Suíte Granítica Borrachudos (~1,7 Ga). Os zircões do Pegmatito Jaguaraçu, do mesmo distrito, são metamícticos, fornecendo uma média de idades mais jovens de 508 ± 19 Ma que podem representar manifestações hidrotermais pós-colisionais no Orógeno Araçuaí. Os zircões do Pegmatito Ipê (DPSJ) apresentam idade-concórdia em 467 ± 5 Ma, interpretada como a da cristalização do corpo, valor similar à larga maioria das outras datações de pegmatitos do orógeno. Estes dados, aliados aos atributos mineralógicos dos pegmatitos/distritos estudados, evidenciam que o DPSM se caracteriza por pegmatitos berilíferos ricos em fluorita, amazonita e topázio, pertencendo à família NYF (nióbio-ítrio-flúor); possuem idade estateriana e representam magmas residuais de granitos da Suíte Borrachudos. Em contraste, o DPSJ constitui um distrito pegmatítico da família LCT (lítio-césio-tântalo), cujos pegmatitos são provenientes de magmas residuais de granitos tardi-orogênicos (pós-colisionais) do Orógeno Araçuaí. Em sentido mais amplo, a serem confirmados tais dados, o DPSM deve ser separado da PPOB, embora os depósitos quartzo-feldspáticos hidrotermais ricos em esmeralda/alexandrita que ocorrem em sua área geográfica estejam relacionados a um episódio hidrotermal tardio do Brasiliano.
Functional MRI signals exhibit stronger covariation with peripheral autonomic measures as vigilance decreases
Authors: Gold Benjamin P. , Goodale Sarah E. , Zhao Chong , Pourmotabbed Haatef , de Zwart Jacco A. , Özbay Pinar S. , Bolt Taylor S. , Duyn Jeff H. , Chen Jingyuan E. , Chang Catie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Vigilance naturally drifts over time, coinciding with marked changes in brain-wide functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals. Though the precise origins of these hemodynamic changes are unclear, largely separate lines of research have linked different vigilance levels not only to changes in fMRI signal fluctuation amplitudes and functional connectivity, but also to significant variations in autonomic physiology. These findings raise the possibility that vigilance-related modulations in fMRI signals may arise in part from changes in autonomic physiology and their effects on cerebral hemodynamics. Here, using simultaneous recordings of fMRI, EEG-indexed vigilance, respiration, and pulse oximetry, we investigate how the relationship between autonomic and fMRI signals varies systematically as vigilance gradually drifts. Regression analyses indicated that the strength and extent of fMRI-autonomic covariation increased as vigilance diminished, during both resting state and an auditory vigilance task. Spatiotemporally, autonomic signals exhibited early positive correlations and delayed negative correlations with fMRI signals throughout much of the grey matter, accompanied by late positive correlations in the ventricles and periventricular white matter. Low-frequency EEG power fluctuations also demonstrated state-dependent associations with both fMRI and autonomic signals, with effects in fMRI that partially overlapped with those of peripheral autonomic variations. Functional connectivity between most brain networks strengthened as vigilance decreased, especially during resting-state scans, and removing autonomic variance from fMRI signals largely attenuated this effect. Together, these results demonstrate interactions between vigilance levels, autonomic physiology, and brain hemodynamics, showing that the physiological constituents of fMRI signals vary markedly over vigilance levels and brain regions. These findings contribute to knowledge of human brain physiology and toward the accurate parsing, analysis, and interpretation of fMRI data.
Cross-modal decoding of emotional expressions in fMRI—Cross-session and cross-sample replication
Authors: Wallenwein Lara A. , Schmidt Stephanie N.L. , Hass Joachim , Mier Daniela 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The theory of embodied simulation suggests a common neuronal representation for action and perception in mirror neurons (MN) that allows an automatic understanding of another person’s mental state. Multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data enables a joint investigation of the MN properties cross-modality and action specificity with high spatial sensitivity. In repeated-measures and independent samples, we measured BOLD-fMRI activation during a social-cognitive paradigm, which included the imitation, execution, and observation of a facial expression of fear or anger. Using support vector machines in a region of interest and a searchlight-based within-subject approach, we classified the emotional content first within modalities and subsequently across modalities. Of main interest were regions of the MN and the emotional face processing system. A two-step permutation scheme served to evaluate significance of classification accuracies. Additionally, we analyzed cross-session and cross-sample replicability. Classification of emotional content was significantly above chance within-modality in the execution and imitation condition with replication across sessions and across samples, but not in the observation condition. Cross-modal classification was possible when trained on the execution condition and tested on the imitation condition with cross-session replication. The searchlight analysis revealed additional areas exhibiting action specificity and cross-modality, mainly in the prefrontal cortex. We demonstrate replicability of brain regions with action specific and cross-modal representations of fear and anger for execution and imitation. Since we could not find a shared neural representation of emotions within the observation modality, our results only partially lend support to the embodied simulation theory. We conclude that activation in MN regions is less robust and less clearly distinguishable during observation than motor tasks.
Introduction: Falling Between Two Schools
Authors: Woerner-Powell Tom , Fiala Andrew 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This introductory article situates research into Islamic notions of pacifism and nonviolence by considering interpretive challenges that include the history of Eurocentrism and the challenge of interdisciplinarity. It argues that both academic Philosophers and Religious Studies specialists confront a range of disciplinary challenges in interpreting and explaining Islamic nonviolence and pacifism. Moreover, the paper argues that the neglect of Islamic nonviolence in the modern Western academy is also the result of residual Eurocentrism, reflected in the fact that Christian nonviolence is better known and more widely studied in the Anglo-American world than Islamic nonviolence. This introductory article proposes that paying attention to disciplinary silos and Eurocentric biases can help explain the neglect of Islamic pacifism. This neglect is a contingent result of historical, cultural, and disciplinary factors; and there is no valid reason to exclude Islamic nonviolence from academic study.
Risk Factors for Loss to Follow-up of Elderly Patients After Hip Fracture Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Rui Min , Hui Yujian , Mao Jiannan , Ma Tao , Zheng Xin 
Published: August 2024

Introduction Non-attendance with scheduled postoperative follow-up visits remains a common issue in orthopaedic clinical research. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with loss to follow-up among elderly patients with hip-fracture postoperatively. Methods A retrospective analysis of 1-year post-surgery was performed on patients aged over 60 years who underwent hip-fracture surgery from January 2017 to March 2019. Based on their completion of the appointed follow-up schedule, the patients were classified into 2 groups: the Loss to Follow-up (LTFU) Group and the Follow-up (FU) Group. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by Functional Recovery Score (FRS) questionnaires. Telephone interviews were conducted with patients lost to follow-up to determine the reasons for non-attendance. A comparative analysis of baseline characteristics between the 2 groups was implemented, with further exploration of statistical differences through logistic regression. Results A total of 992 patients met the inclusion criteria were included in this study, of which 189 patients, accounting for 19.1%, were lost to follow-up 1 year postoperatively. The mean age of the patients in the LTFU Group was 82.0 years, significantly higher than the 76.0 years observed in the FU Group ( P < 0.001). The FRS for the LTFU Group was marginally higher than that of the FU group (84.0 vs 81.0), with no significant difference ( P = 0.060). Logistic regression analysis identified several significant predictors of noncompliance, including advanced age at surgery, femoral neck fracture, hip arthroplasty, long distance from residence to hospital, and the reliance on urban-rural public transportation for reaching the hospital. Conclusion Postoperative follow-up loss was prevalent among elderly patients with hip fractures. Our study indicated a constellation of risk factors contributing to noncompliance, including advanced age, transportation difficulties, long travel distance, femoral neck fracture and hip arthroplasty surgery.
Hemolacria due to possible idiopathic intracranial hypertension: A case report
Authors: Braca Simone , Russo Cinzia Valeria , Stornaiuolo Antonio , Miele Angelo , Cretella Gennaro , Giannini Caterina , De Simone Roberto 
Published: August 2024

Background Hemolacria, the excretion of blood-tinged tears, merges biological oddity with mysticism. This report discusses a unique case of hemolacria in a patient with possible idiopathic intracranial hypertension without papilledema (IIHWOP), resolving after acetazolamide treatment, exploring a potential pathogenic link. Case Presentation A 50-year-old male experienced daily hemolacria for three months along with occasional epistaxis and otorrhagia. He also suffered from chronic migraine, often accompanied with blurred vision and vertigo, and primary stabbing headache. Systemic and neurological assessments, along with computed tomography (CT) brain scans, ophthalmological and hematological tests revealed no underlying diseases. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) along with magnetic resonance venography, indicated left transverse sinus aplasia, bilateral ocular bulb flattening and enlargement of optic nerve sheaths, suggesting increased intracranial pressure. The patient began acetazolamide treatment. In the next three months, he experienced only four bleeding episodes and a dramatic reduction of monthly migraine days. Discussion Our report first associates hemolacria with possible IIHWOP, proposing a new pathogenic pathway. A derangement in the glymphatic system, implicated in idiopathic intracranial hypertension pathophysiology, could explain its ocular symptoms, including hemolacria. Our findings may contribute to understanding IIHWOP and the glympathic system's role in ocular physiology.
Novel insights into vancomycin-loaded calcium sulfate and negative pressure wound therapy in preventing infections in open fractures
Authors: Jia Bei , Xue Rui , Li Jia , Guo Jichao , Liu Jianning 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Open fractures are challenging due to susceptibility to Staphylococcus aureus infections. This study examines the impact of Vancomycin-Loaded Calcium Sulfate (VLCS) and negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) on macrophage behavior in enhancing healing and infection resistance. Both VLCS and NPWT were evaluated individually and in combination to determine their effects on macrophage polarization and infection resistance in open fractures.

Methods
Through single-cell RNA sequencing, genomic expressions in macrophages from open fracture patients treated with VLCS and NPWT were compared to a control group. The analysis focused on MBD2 gene changes related to macrophage polarization.

Results
Remarkable modifications in MBD2 expression in the treatment group indicate a shift towards M2 macrophage polarization. Additionally, the combined treatment group exhibited greater improvements in infection resistance and healing compared to the individual treatments. This shift suggests a healing-promoting atmosphere with improved infection resilience.

Conclusions
VLCS and NPWT demonstrate the ability to alter macrophage behavior toward M2 polarization, which is crucial for infection prevention in open fractures. The synergistic effect of their combined use shows even greater promise in enhancing outcomes in orthopedic trauma care.
Patient-perceived factors on treatment satisfaction in early onset scoliosis treated surgically with a minimum of ten years
Authors: Lau Kenney Ki Lee , Kwan Kenny Yat Hong , Cheung Jason Pui Yin , Wong Janus Siu Him , Shea Graham Ka Hon , Law Karlen Ka Pui , Cheung Kenneth Man Chee 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The prognosis of surgically treated subjects with early onset scoliosis (EOS) into adulthood has been lacking. We aimed to investigate the patients’ perspectives on satisfaction with surgical treatment.

Methodology
We included all surgical candidates with EOS who had undergone index spinal surgery for scoliosis correction between 2009 and 2013. The minimum duration of postoperative follow-up was 10 years at the time of survey completion. Three questionnaires were used in this study, comprising the revised Scoliosis Research Society questionnaire (SRS-22r), the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS-29), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF). Measures of treatment satisfaction were retrieved from SRS-22r.

Results
There were 29 participants who completed the survey, and thereby included in the study (i.e., a response rate of 43% and a dropout rate of 6%). Amongst them, 14, 11, and 4 individuals received posterior spinal fusion (PSF), magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGR), and traditional growing rods, respectively. The average duration after the index spinal surgery was 12.6 ± 2.2 years. Our findings revealed that self-image (across all treatment groups), sleep disruption (only in PSF), and social aspects (in both PSF and MCGR) were significantly worse when compared to the normative values. According to the multivariable linear regression model (R-square = 0.690, p < .001), an increase in SRS-22r mental health (p = .008) and PROMIS-29 social participation scores (p = .004) corresponded to 0.511 and 0.055 points increases in satisfaction. Every unit increase in PROMIS-29 fatigue (p = .043) and WHOQOL-BREF physical domain scores (p = .007) was in conjunction with 0.019 and 0.040 points decreases in satisfaction. SRS-22r self-image (p = .056) and WHOQOL-BREF environmental domain scores (p = .076) were included in the model but did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusions
To improve the long term quality of life in surgical candidates with EOS, we demonstrated that mental health, social participation, fatigue, and physical health were significant factors associated with treatment satisfaction. Interestingly, demographic and radiographic parameters did not have a significant effect in our cohort.
A registry-based comparative analysis of antibiotic usage reporting for adult cattle on Danish dairy farms
Authors: Henningsen Maj Beldring , Kristensen Jeanette , Kirkeby Carsten Thure , Nielsen Søren Saxmose 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant global health concern, necessitating the monitoring of antimicrobial usage (AMU). However, there is a lack of consensus on the standardized collection and reporting of AMU data in the veterinary field. In Denmark, the Danish Cattle Database (DCDB) contains treatment information on animal level, which allows counting of number of treatments carried out, used daily doses (UDD). The Danish VetStat database (VetStat) contains information on veterinary medicinal prescriptions at farm level and uses fixed standard doses of each product to calculate number of daily treatments, animal daily doses (ADD). This study aimed to compare two different numerators, UDD and ADD, used to describe AMU on Danish cattle farms, and estimate their correlation.

Results
Routinely collected registry data from conventional dairy farms in Denmark for 2019 were used, including a total of 2,197 conventional dairy farms. The data from VetStat and the DCDB were aggregated and analysed, and treatment frequencies (TF) were calculated for both UDD and ADD, adjusting for farm size. Spearman correlation analysis and Bland–Altman plots were employed to assess the relationship and agreement between TF for ADD and UDD, respectively.
The results showed a high correlation between TF for ADD and UDD for most prescription groups, i.e., groups used to categorise antibiotics based on target organs. An exception is found for the Udder prescription group, where a systematic underreporting of UDD compared to ADD was observed. This discrepancy may be due to combination treatments, and potential missing or grouped registrations in the DCDB.

Conclusions
Our UDD and ADD comparison yields valuable insights on farm-level AMU. We observe strong correlations between UDD and ADD, except for udder treatments, where some farms report only 1/3 UDD compared to ADD, indicating potential underreporting. Further investigations are needed to understand the factors contributing to these patterns and to ensure the accuracy and completeness of recorded information. Standardizing AMU data collection and reporting remains crucial to tackle the global challenge of AMR effectively.