bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Depressive Symptoms on Cognitive Impairment among older adults in China: A mediation analysis of Proactive Health
Authors: Li Yilin , Cheng Ziyi , Liu Yifang , Wang Zhikang , Wang Qi , Liu Junan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Cognitive impairment has become a major public health issue. Depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment are closely related disorders in the aging population. However, the effect of proactive health on the association between depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment was not clear. This study aimed to examine the mediating role of proactive health in the effect of depressive symptoms on cognitive impairment.
Methods
This population-based cross-sectional study recruited 3607 participants aged 60 and above from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Direct relationships between depressive symptoms, proactive health, and cognitive impairment were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. The bootstrap method was used to test the mediating role of proactive health in the effect of depressive symptoms on cognitive impairment.
Results
After adjusting the confounders, participants in the depressive symptoms group (OR 1.223, 95% CI, 1.047-1.429) and depression group (OR 1.892, 95% CI, 1.401-2.554) had an increased risk of cognitive impairment, while those who had fair proactive health literacy (OR 0.668, 95% CI, 0.499-0.895) and good proactive health literacy (OR 0.498, 95% CI, 0.358-0.694) had a decreased risk of cognitive impairment.
The mediation effect of proactive health accounted for 6.47 % of the total effect regarding depressive symptoms with cognitive impairment.
Conclusions
This study revealed that depressive symptoms not only directly influenced cognitive impairment among older adults but also indirectly via proactive health. Exercise should be encouraged among the elderly to promote their participation in social activities, thereby improving their proactive health literacy and ultimately preventing cognitive impairment.
Video Analysis Based Effective Multi-Facial Emotion Recognition and Classification Framework Using Gcrcnn
Authors: Bedre Jyoti S. , Prasanna P. Lakshmi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Facial emotions are the varying expressions of a person's face that communicate one's feelings and moods. Facial emotion in videos can be detected using techniques that analyze keyframes for facial muscle movements and patterns. However, these detections can be challenging due to potential simultaneous expressions and camera angle complexities. To overcome these pitfalls, this paper provides a practical framework for detecting facial emotions in videos. Firstly, the input key frames are pre-processed by MF and IN algorithms to acquire an enhanced image. Secondly, human detection and tracking occur using YOLOV7 and BYTE tracking algorithms. Then, the T-SNEVJ algorithm is used for face detection. Thirdly, facial landmark extraction using the HC technique, mesh generation, and feature extraction are done. Here, ED-SVR is utilized for mesh generation. In the meantime, feature point tracking followed by motion analysis is done using CC_OF. Finally, the GCRCNN algorithm classifies multi-facial emotions. The proposed system achieves a better accuracy and recall of 99.34% and 99.20%. Thus, the proposed methodology outperforms the existing FER techniques.
Symptomatic Management of phlebitis on peripheral venous catheters: A national survey of nursing practice.
Authors: BROUILLET Guillaume , VITTORIO Axel DI , PINSON Elisabeth , ROUSSEAU Geoffroy , LEMAIGNEN Adrien 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: There are no international guidelines for the symptomatic management of phlebitis on peripheral venous catheters. Nurses therefore propose heterogeneous and low evidence-based management strategies to treat this complication. To explore the various management approaches for phlebitis on peripheral venous catheters proposed by registered nurses in France.
Methods: Registered nurses and nurse executive practicing in both public and private sectors in France were invited to respond to a survey on the management of phlebitis on peripheral catheters. This survey was developed by nurses, nurse executive, and a physician. The survey was distributed via email through the National Order of Nurses from March 31, 2023, to April 30, 2023. No follow-up was conducted. A descriptive analysis of the survey results was then performed.
Results: 3,038 healthcare providers practicing in 4 French regions responded to the survey. Phlebitis on peripheral venous catheters is most frequently encountered in medical wards. Respondents to the survey used heterogeneous strategies for the symptomatic treatment of phlebitis on peripheral venous catheters. 70° Alcohol dressings was the most common strategy reported (85.75% of respondents), applied for 92.40% of respondents without a medical prescription. The duration of treatment and its daily frequency of use were also highly variable.
Conclusion: Nursing practices for the symptomatic treatment of this complication are highly heterogeneous in France, often conducted without medical prescription, although the use of 70° alcohol dressing is considered as a medication in France, which could be debated.
Calcium Silicate and Epoxy Sealer in Endodontic Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Trial Short title: Calcium Silicate and Epoxy Resin Sealers
Authors: Minh Duyen Tran Ngoc , Quynh Anh Nguyen Ho , Anh Vu Dien Hoa , Duc Minh Nguyen , Van Khoa Pham , Quynh Lan Ngo Thi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The selection of an appropriate sealer is critical for the success of endodontic treatments. Although calcium silicate-based sealers (CSS) and epoxy resin-based sealers (ERS) have exhibited promise in short-term studies, a comprehensive understanding of their long-term clinical effectiveness in single-visit root canal treatment remains essential.
Objectives
This study aimed to compare and evaluate the long-term clinical effectiveness of a calcium silicate-based sealer and an epoxy resin-based sealer in the context of single-visit root canal treatment.
Materials and methods
A prospective, longitudinal clinical trial was conducted involving 42 teeth diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis conditions. The teeth were randomly assigned to two groups based on the obturation sealer used: calcium silicate-based sealer (CSS) and epoxy resin-based sealer (ERS). Postoperative parameters, including pain, swelling, fistula, and sensitivity under biting pressure, were assessed at regular intervals for up to 36 months following the single-visit endodontic treatment. Treatment outcomes were determined based on established criteria, categorizing cases as success, failure, or uncertain. Statistical analysis employed the Chi-squared test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test (p < 0.05).
Results
Preliminary results indicate comparable incidences of postoperative complications between the two groups over the long-term follow-up period.
Conclusion
This study suggests that both calcium silicate-based and epoxy resin-based sealers demonstrate similar long-term clinical effectiveness in single-visit root canal treatments. These findings offer valuable insights for practitioners aiming to achieve sustained treatment success through sealer selection.
Clinical relevance: We can use two types of cement Calcium silicate-based and epoxy resin-based sealersinterchangeably in root canal treatment.
ClinicalTrials registration number: NCT05904184
The Profile of Patients Attending the Eye Emergency Clinic Within the Last Year: Is it a True Ocular Emergency?
Authors: dağ yaşar , Aydın Seyfi , Kumantas Ebrar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Ocular emergencies require immediate intervention to prevent rapid vision loss or functional impairment. The aim of this study was to evaluate patients presenting to the general emergency department with ocular complaints and referred to the Eye Clinic and to determine the proportion of true ocular emergencies.
Methods
In a retrospective cross-sectional study in a tertiary hospital in Istanbul, patients aged 0-100 years who presented to the emergency department with ocular complaints between January and December 2022 were included. Inconclusive diagnoses and incomplete records were excluded. Patients were divided into three groups: Top Eye Emergencies (TEE), Relative Eye Emergencies (REE) and Non-Emergency Eye (NEE).
Results
Among 652,224 individuals seeking care, 9,982 (1.5%) were referred to the Eye Emergency Clinic. Of these, 2,788 (27.9%) were female, and 7,194 (72.1%) were male, with ages ranging from 0 to 98 years. Top Eye Emergencies (TEE), Relative Eye Emergencies (REE, and Non-emergency Eye (NEE) comprised 13%, 60%, and 27% of cases, respectively. Common Top Eye Emergencies (TEE) conditions included chemical injuries, orbital-preseptal cellulitis, and orbital fractures. Relative Eye Emergencies (REE)commonly featured corneal foreign bodies, corneal erosion, and conjunctivitis. Non-emergency Eye (NEE) mostly involved simple eye redness, trauma without eye involvement, and subconjunctival hemorrhage.
Conclusions
Consistent with the literature, 1.5% of patients presenting to the general emergency department had eye complaints. However, 27% of those referred to the ophthalmological clinic did not have an urgent eye condition. This is partly due to the high proportion of patients presenting to the emergency department with ocular complaints and the lack of knowledge of emergency physicians about ophthalmological diseases, leading to unnecessary referrals to the Ophthalmology Clinic, resulting in loss of workforce and reduced time allocated to patients with true ocular emergencies.
Association Between Weight-Adjusted Waist Index and Chronic Diarrhea in US Adults: Insights from NHANES 2005-2010
Authors: Liang^ Xueming , Lan^ Zhenyu , Cui^ Yuan , Wen^ Haibin , Qin^ Yuqi , Huang^ Zuli 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
We aimed to assess the association between the weight-adjusted waist circumference index (WWI) and chronic diarrhea in US adults.
METHODS
We selected individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2005 to 2010 and used logistic regression analyses, subgroup analyses, and dose-response curves to assess the association between WWI and chronic diarrhea.
RESULTS
Of 11,322 participants included in this study (mean age, 47.22 ± 0.36 years; 5,731 [52.00%] female), 1,366 (12.07%) reported previous episodes of chronic diarrhea, whereas 9,956 (87.93%) did not. After adjusting for potential confounders, the WWI score was associated with chronic diarrhea (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.05–1.44; P < 0.001). Compared to individuals in tertile 1 (Q1) of WWI scores (8.109 ≤ WWI score ≤ 10.45), those in tertile 4 (Q4; 11.572 < WWI score ≤ 15.704) had an adjusted OR for chronic diarrhea of 1.53 (95% CI, 1.14–2.05; P = 0.01; Table 2). The multivariable restricted cubic spline showed a nonlinear association between WWI and chronic diarrhea (P = 0.83). When the WWI score was ≥ 11.01, there was a correlation; however, no association was found in participants with a WWI score < 11.01 (P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed that WWI was associated with chronic diarrhea in men (OR, 1.548; 95% CI, 1.205–1.988) and individuals aged 40–60 years (OR, 1.370; 95% CI, 1.101–1.704), with a high educational level (OR, 1.297; 95% CI, 1.023–1.644), medium family income (OR, 1.385; 95% CI, 1.116–1.719), BMI > 30 kg/m² (OR, 1.266; 95% CI, 1.072–1.496), no chronic kidney disease (OR, 1.235; 95% CI, 1.030–1.480), hypertension (OR, 1.318; 95% CI, 1.069–1.626), diabetes mellitus (OR, 1.410; 95% CI, 1.090–1.823), hyperlipidemia (OR, 1.218; 95% CI, 1.027–1.444), no PHQ-9 (OR, 1.202; 95% CI, 1.022–1.415), and no coronary heart disease (OR, 1.239; 95% CI, 1.061–1.447). There was no significant interaction (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The weight-adjusted waist circumference index is associated with chronic diarrhea in US adults.
Pre-hospital care for children - a descriptive study from Central Norway
Authors: Myhre Martine , Næss Lars Eide , Skogvoll Eirik , Haugland Helge 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Pre-hospital incidents involving pediatric and neonatal patients are infrequent, and clinical characteristics and care for these patients differ from the adult population. Lack of knowledge, guidelines, and experience can make pre-hospital pediatric care challenging, and there is limited research on the epidemiology and best practice of care for this population. We examined the pre-hospital pediatric population in the county of Sør-Trøndelag, Norway, to improve our understanding of this population in our region.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study of emergency incidents involving children under twelve years of age with dispatch of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) in Sør-Trøndelag between 2018 and 2022. Incidents and patient characteristics were extracted from the Emergency Medical Communication Center (EMCC) database. In addition, data on patient characteristics and interventions for more serious incidents seen by the Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS) were included from the database LABAS.We provided descriptive statistics and estimated population incidences using Poisson regression.
Results
The catchment area of EMCC Sør-Trøndelag has a population of approximately 43,000 children under the age of twelve years. During the five-year study period, there were 7,005 emergency calls concerning this patient population, representing 6% of all emergency calls (total no. 108,717). Of these, 3,500 (50%) resulted in the dispatch of an ambulance and/or HEMS, yielding an annual incidence of EMS dispatches of 17 per 1,000 children. The three most common primary medical problems were respiratory distress, altered consciousness, and trauma. Among the 309 HEMS patients, 131 (42%) received advanced interventions from the HEMS physician. Assisted ventilation was the most frequent intervention.
Conclusion
Pediatric and neonatal patients make up a small proportion of pre-hospital patient dispatches in Sør-Trøndelag. Consequently, each EMS provider infrequently encounters children in the pre-hospital environment, resulting in less experience with pediatric advanced medical interventions. This study identifies some clinical characteristics and interventions regarding pediatric and neonatal patients that have been pointed out as focus areas for pediatric pre-hospital research.
A population-based case-control analysis of the association between enema and nervous system injury caused by diquat poisoning
Authors: Xue Xiang , Meng Jiankang , Huang Changbao , Sun Zhaorui , Nie Shinan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective：The objective of this study was to investigated whether enema is associated with nervous system injury caused by diquat poisoning using a population-based case-control analysis.
Methods: The medical records of patients with acute diquat(DQ) poisoning admitted to the hospital from January 2018 to January 2024 were retrospectively collected. A series of symptoms of central nervous system injury occurred after DQ poisoning were defined as DQ nervous system injury, which identified as the case group in our study. The controls group were matched 1:2 on population-based without nervous system injury in DQ poisoning patients. Conditional logistic regression models were performed.
Results: We identified 101 DQ poisoning patients with nervous system injury and selected 202 DQ patients without nervous system injury. DQ poisoning patients performed 2 and ≧3 enemas had ORs of nervous system injury of 3.084(95%CI 1.230, 7.734) and 4.693(95%CI 1.408, 15.645) compared with DQ poisoning patients with no enema, respectively. Further analyses were performed in various age subgroups. The ORs of conducting 2 and ≧3 enemas were dramatically higher among cases group than controls group in subgroup aged ≧60 years old (OR=10.184, 14.982 respectively).
Conclusions: We concluded that enemas increased the risk of with nervous system injury caused by DQ, particularly among the elderly.
The Role of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Managing Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Patients
Authors: Bang Soo-Mee , Lee Ji Yun , Lee Ju-Hyun , Park Woochan , Seo Jeongmin , Kang Minsu , Jung Eun Hee , Kim Sang-A , Suh Koung Jin , Kim Ji-Won , Kim Se Hyun , Lee Jeong-Ok , Kim Jin Won , Kim Yu Jung , Lee Keun-Wook , Kim Jee Hyun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Thrombosis and bleeding significantly affect morbidity and mortality in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). The efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in MPN patients remain uncertain. In a large, retrospective, nationwide cohort study conducted from 2010 to 2021, 368 MPN patients were analyzed after being newly treated with DOACs for AF or VTE. Of these, 62.8% received DOACs for AF and 37.2% for VTE. The AF group was statistically older with higher CHA2DS2-VASc scores compared to the VTE group. Antiplatelet agents were used in 51.1% of cases, and cytoreductive drugs in 79.3%, with hydroxyurea being the most common (64.9%). The median follow-up was 22.3 months, with one-year cumulative incidence rates of thrombosis and bleeding at 11.1% and 3.7%, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified CHA2DS2-VASc scores ≥ 3 (HR = 3.48), concomitant antiplatelet use (HR = 2.57), and cytoreduction (HR = 2.20) as significant thrombosis risk factors but found no significant predictors for major bleeding. Despite the limitations of retrospective data, DOAC treatment in MPN patients seems effective and has an acceptable bleeding risk.
Effects of Different Intensive Lipid-Lowering Therapies on Stabilization and Regression of Carotid Plaque: A Randomized Open-Label Trial
Authors: Luo Sihua , Lin Lili , Qiu Pengda , Cai Kuan , Liang Hao , Lin Yuhui , Xu Yunhong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Atherosclerotic plaques in carotid arteries are significant predictors of cardiovascular events such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Lipid-lowering therapies, particularly statins and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, have shown promising in plaque regression and stabilization, which are crucial for cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Methods
This randomized open-label trial was conducted at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from March 2022 to December 2023. The study included patients at high CVD risk with non-calcified carotid plaque. Participants were randomized into four groups: statin alone (Statin), statin plus ezetimibe (Statin_E), statin plus alirocumab (Statin_P), and statin plus ezetimibe and alirocumab (Statin_EP). The primary outcomes were morphological stabilization of carotid plaque at 6 months and regression at 12 months, assessed by contrast-enhanced carotid ultrasonography. Secondary outcomes were changes in blood lipid levels.
Results
A total of 312 high CVD risk patients were enrolled, among whom 299 completed the study. After six months, patients in the Statin_P and Statin_EP groups showed significantly lower levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared to the other groups. These patients also demonstrated a significantly greater proportion of plaques transforming from types I or II to types III or IV and a significant decrease in intraplaque neovascularization (P < 0.05), indicating the plaques in these groups had stabilized. After 12 months, the regression in plaque size was more pronounced in the Statin_P and Statin_EP groups (left: χ2 = 26.37, p = 1.90e − 04, CI 95% [0.06, 1.00]; right: χ2 = 19.00, p = 4.16e − 03, CI 95% [0.00, 1.00]).
Conclusion
Intensive lipid-lowering therapies that combine statins with PCSK9 inhibitors, such as alirocumab, are more effective in regressing carotid plaques and stabilizing plaque morphology compared to other treatments. These findings support the use of PCSK9 inhibitors in combination with statin therapy for managing atherosclerotic disease and reducing cardiovascular events.
Trial registration:
The trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration No. ChiCTR2200058389).
The influence of cancer on the reprogramming of lipid metabolism in healthy thyroid tissues of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Hellmann Andrzej Rafał , Zwara Agata , Czapiewska Monika , Korczynska Justyna , Sztendel Alicja , Mika Adriana 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and objectives Over the years we observed changes in the metabolism of glucose, amino acids, fatty acids (FA) and nucleotides in cancer cells in order to maintain their viability and proliferate. Moreover, as the latest data show, cancer also forces a complete change in the behavior of other tissues. For instance, fat-filled adipocytes are often found in the vicinity of invasive solid human tumors. We investigated the effects of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) on the lipid metabolism of healthy tissue distant from the tumor.
Method Thyroid tissue was collected from female patients immediately after surgical removal of the entire thyroid gland. Blood samples were collected from PTC patients and healthy volunteers. Real-time PCR assays were performed to analyze the expression of lipogenic genes and a broad panel of FA was determined using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method.
Results The concentration of lipids was higher in paratumor tissue than in healthy thyroid tissue (p=0.005). The lipogenic genes tested were significantly increased in paratumor tissue compared to healthy tissue, especially enzymes related to the synthesis of very long-chain saturated and polyunsaturated FAs (VLCSFAs and PUFAs, respectively) (p ˂0.001). The FA profile also showed increased levels of C22-C26, VLCSFAs and almost all PUFAs in paratumor tissue (p ˂0.05).
Conclusion Our study suggests that a restructuring of lipid metabolism occurs in the adjacent healthy thyroid gland and that the metabolism of VLCSFAs and PUFAs is higher in the paratumor tissue than in the distant tissue of the healthy thyroid gland.
Time Series Analysis for forecasting neonatal intensive care unit census and neonatal mortality
Authors: Dalili Hosein , Shariat Mamak , Sahebi Leyla 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Neonatal intensive care units(NICUs) play a crucial role in caring for premature or critically ill newborns, but challenges persist in managing patient volumes and addressing mortality. This study aims to analyze the time series of the NICU admission numbers, hospitalization days, and mortality proportion.
Methods: We used seven years of retrospective daily NICU census data for model development (March 2016 - December 2022, N=7,216 infants). Best-fitting models of ARIMA and SARIMA were applied for forecasting admission number, long stay and mortality proportion in STATA.14 and SPSS.20. The accuracy of forecasting approved by root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE).
Results: We observed a decreasing trend in mortality proportion in the NICU, with more pronounced seasonal patterns in admission numbers (which increased during the winter season) and length of stay (which decreased during the winter season). Our regression time series analysis showed that as the length of stay in the hospital increases, the mortality proportion also increases.
Conclusion: More extensive and well-designed studies are required to investigate the risk factors for prolonged stays in the NICU and how to manage them. Research should also concentrate on interventions that can effectively reduce long NICU stays and improve short- and long-term outcomes for newborns.