bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly efficient folding of multi‐disulfide proteins in superoxidizing Escherichia coli cytoplasm
Authors: Zhang Wenyao , Zheng Wenyun , Mao Miaowei , Yang Yi 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTIn this study, we monitored the thiol–disulfide redox potential of different Escherichia coli strains using redox‐sensitive variants of green fluorescent protein. The cells with extreme oxidizing cytoplasm were generated by introducing a highly efficient disulfide relay system. The developed cells have exceptionally efficient de novo disulfide bond formation and significantly improve the oxidative folding of the client multi‐disulfide proteins. Superoxidizing E. coli strain provides an effective method for the high‐level production of recombinant disulfide‐containing proteins. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 2520–2527. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Kannibalismus in Herxheim
Authors: Zeeb‐Lanz Andrea 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn einer jungsteinzeitlichen Siedlung in Herxheim (Südpfalz) wurden in einem Erdwerk der frühesten Ackerbauern unserer Breiten die manipulierten Überreste von mehr als 500 menschlichen Individuen entdeckt; sie stammen aus der Zeit um 5000 v. Chr. Im Rahmen eines bislang unbekannten Rituals wurde hier eine erhebliche Anzahl von Menschen getötet, zerlegt und dann möglicherweise rituell verspeist – ein für die europäische Prähistorie bis dato einmaliger Befund. Prunkkeramik, wertvolle Steingeräte und Mahlsteine – alle systematisch zerstört – gehören ebenfalls zum Fundspektrum von Herxheim und betonen den hochrituellen Charakter der hier vor 7000 Jahren durchgeführten Handlungen.
Die epigenetische Spur von Blütendüften
Authors: Paulsen Martina 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn den letzten Jahren wurden vermehrt Studien publiziert, die darauf hinwiesen, dass umweltinduzierte Verhaltensveränderungen möglicherweise an die Nachkommen weitergegeben werden könnten. So reagierten die Nachkommen von Mäusen, die vor Stromschlägen Blütenduft wahrgenommen hatten, sensibler auf denselben Geruch. Wissenschaftler vermuten nun, dass hier epigenetische Veränderungen eine Rolle spielen, die an die Nachkommen weitergegeben werden.
Walstrandungen: gemeinsam ins Verderben
Authors: Kronberg Inge 
Published: June 2014

AbstractNeben Navigationsfehlern aufgrund von Umwelteinflüssen oder organischen Beeinträchtigungen spielen bei Walstrandungen offenbar soziale Bindungen eine wichtige Rolle. Das gilt besonders für Pilotwale, die häufig von Massenstrandungen betroffen sind. Dank genetischer Analysen lassen sich heute Einzeltiere identifizieren und die verwandtschaftlichen Beziehungen der gestrandeten Wale genauer erfassen.
Mensch und Säbelzahnkatze in Niedersachsen
Authors: Serangeli Jordi 
Published: June 2014

AbstractVor rund 300.000 Jahren lebten Menschen am Ufer eines Sees im heutigen Niedersachsen, wie die Funde ihrer Speere beweisen. Nun weiß man, dass sie ihre Heimat mit einem zweiten gefährlichen Jäger teilten: die Säbelzahnkatze (Homotherium latidens) wurde erstmals in Niedersachsen nachgewiesen.
Der Unterschied zwischen mono‐ und polyklonalen Antikörpern
Authors: Hauk Andrea 
Published: June 2014

AbstractOb bei ELISA, Westernblot oder Immunfluoreszenz – für die Anwendung immunologischer Nachweisverfahren werden spezifische Antikörper benötigt, die ganz bestimmten Anforderungen genügen müssen. Unter anderem ist die Frage abzuklären, ob ein mono‐ oder polyklonaler Antikörper im Versuch Verwendung finden soll. Doch worin liegt der Unterschied?
Von Drosselschmieden, Schneckenplagen und hilfreichen Schnegeln
Authors: Petrischak Hannes 
Published: June 2014

AbstractSchnecken können in strukturreichen Gärten mit Büschen, Bäumen, Rasenflächen und Mauern in großer Zahl auftreten. Mehrere Arten zählen zu den charakteristischen Vertretern der Tierwelt in der Siedlungslandschaft. Bei feuchtem Wetter oder in der Nacht werden sie aktiv. Einige machen sich als berüchtigte Schädlinge über Nutz‐ und Zierpflanzen her, andere sind als deren Gegenspieler sogar sehr nützlich.
Right portal vein embolization with absolute ethanol in major hepatic resection for hepatobiliary malignancy
Authors: Sofue K , Arai Y , Shimada K , Takeuchi Y , Kobayashi T , Satake M , Sugimura K 
Published: June 2014

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of preoperative right portal vein embolization (PVE) with absolute ethanol in patients with hepatobiliary malignancies.

Methods
PVE was performed via a percutaneous transhepatic ipsilateral approach, and the right portal branch was embolized with absolute ethanol. Technical success and complications following PVE, and changes in liver enzyme levels were evaluated. Changes in future liver remnant (FLR) and FLR/total functional liver volume ratio were calculated. Complications following hepatic resection were assessed.

Results
A total of 83 patients with hepatobiliary malignancies (53 men, 30 women; mean age 68 years) underwent right PVE. Tumour types were hilar cholangiocarcinoma (37), liver metastases (14), gallbladder cancer (13), intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (10) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (9). PVE was performed successfully in all patients. Four patients (5 per cent) developed complications following PVE (liver abscess 2, left portal vein thrombosis 1, pseudoaneurysm 1), but this did not preclude hepatic resection. Liver enzyme levels rose transiently after PVE. The mean FLR and FLR/total functional liver volume increased after PVE (from 366 to 513 cm3 and from 31 to 43 per cent respectively; both P &lt; 0·001). Changes in the FLR and FLR/total functional liver volume ratio were comparable between patients with HCC and those with other malignancies (42 and 44 per cent, and 12 and 12 per cent, respectively). Sixty-nine of 83 patients underwent hepatic resection at a median of 25 days after PVE, with no postoperative mortality.

Conclusion
Preoperative right PVE with absolute ethanol is safe and effective for induction of selective hepatic hypertrophy in patients with hepatobiliary malignancy.
Association between socioeconomic status, surgical treatment and mortality in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Dik V K , Aarts M J , Van Grevenstein W M U , Koopman M , Van Oijen M G H , Lemmens V E , Siersema P D 
Published: June 2014

Abstract

Background
High socioeconomic status is associated with better survival in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study investigated whether socioeconomic status is associated with differences in surgical treatment and mortality in patients with CRC.

Methods
Patients diagnosed with stage I–III CRC between 2005 and 2010 in the Eindhoven Cancer Registry area in the Netherlands were included. Socioeconomic status was determined at a neighbourhood level by combining the mean household income and the mean value of the housing.

Results
Some 4422 patients with colonic cancer and 2314 with rectal cancer were included. Patients with colonic cancer and high socioeconomic status were operated on with laparotomy (70·7 versus 77·6 per cent; P = 0·017), had laparoscopy converted to laparotomy (15·7 versus 29·5 per cent; P = 0·008) and developed anastomotic leakage or abscess (9·6 versus 12·6 per cent; P = 0·049) less frequently than patients with low socioeconomic status. These differences remained significant after adjustment for patient and tumour characteristics. In rectal cancer, patients with high socioeconomic status were more likely to undergo resection (96·3 versus 93·7 per cent; P = 0·083), but this was not significant in multivariable analysis (odds ratio (OR) 1·44, 95 per cent confidence interval 0·84 to 2·46). The difference in 30-day postoperative mortality in patients with colonic cancer and high and low socioeconomic status (3·6 versus 6·8 per cent; P &lt; 0·001) was not significant after adjusting for age, co-morbidities, emergency surgery, and anastomotic leakage or abscess formation (OR 0·90, 0·51 to 1·57).

Conclusion
Patients with CRC and high socioeconomic status have more favourable surgical treatment characteristics than patients with low socioeconomic status. The lower 30-day postoperative mortality found in patients with colonic cancer and high socioeconomic status is largely explained by patient and surgical factors.
Assessment of baicalin in mouse blood by monoclonal antibody‐based icELISA
Authors: Zhao Yan , Kong Hui , Sun Ye , Feng Huibin , Zhang Yue , Su Xin , Qu Huihua , Wang Qingguo 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTAn indirect competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) based on monoclonal antibaodies (MAb) was recently developed. This new method displays high sensitivity and accuracy, and is especially suitable for pharmacokinetic studies in small laboratory animals. This study aimed to develop an icELISA procedure for baicalin (BAL) quantitation in blood. We successfully developed the icELISA and applied in pharmacokinetic assays of Gegen Qinlian Decoction in mice. A linear correlation was obtained for BAL concentrations in the range from 34.69 to 2220.00 µg/L. The regression equation was y = 1.5557 − 0.4028log(C) with a correlation coefficient of 0.9936. Precision and accuracy of the icELISA method were evaluated by the variations between replicates from well to well (intra‐assay) and plate to plate (inter‐assay). The values obtained for these parameters were within the normal range (<15%). The recovery rates ranged from 98.93 to 126.78%, meeting the requirements for biological samples. Stability studies showed that BAL sample solutions were intact for 1 h, enough time for UV detection. However, long‐term storage and especially freeze–thaw procedures were detrimental to BAL. The pharmacokinetic parameters derived from mouse experiments were as follows: area under the curves from time 0 to 48 h, 1876.15 ± 1108.14 mg h/L; mean maximum blood concentrations, 101.09 ± 31.53 mg/L; time of maximum concentration, 3.58 ± 2.88 h; mean residence time, 79.30 ± 61.21 h. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selective extraction of catecholamines by packed fiber solid‐phase using composite nanofibers composing of polymeric crown ether with polystyrene
Authors: Chen Li‐Qin , Wang Yu , Qu Jian‐Song , Deng Jian‐Jun , Kang Xue‐Jun 
Published: June 2014

AbstractFor the first time, electrospun composite nanofibers comprising polymeric crown ether with polystyrene (PCE‐PS) have been used for the selective extraction of catecholamines – dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) – prior to their analysis by high‐performance liquid chromatography–electrochemical detection. Using a minicartridge packed with PCE‐PS composite nanofibers, the target compounds were extracted effectively from urine samples to which diphenylborinic acid 2‐aminoethyl ester was added as a complexing reagent. The extracted catecholamines could be liberated from the fiber by the addition of acetic acid. A good linearity was observed for catecholamines in the range of 2.0–200 ng mL−1 (NE, E and DA). The detection limits of catecholamines (signal‐to‐noise ratio = 3) were 0.5 ng mL−1 (NE), 0.2 ng mL−1 (E) and 0.2 ng mL−1 (DA), respectively. Under the optimized conditions, the absolute recoveries of the above three catecholamines were 90.6% (NE), 88.5% (E) and 94.5% (DA). The repeatability of extraction performance was from 5.4 to 9.2% (expressed as relative standard deviation). Our results indicate that the proposed method could be used for the determination of NE, E and DA in urine. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antibodies against Mucin‐Based Glycopeptides Affect Trypanosoma cruzi Cell Invasion and Tumor Cell Viability
Authors: Campo Vanessa L. , Riul Thalita B. , Carvalho Ivone , Baruffi Marcelo‐Dias 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis study describes the synthesis of glycopeptides NHAc[βGal]‐(Thr)2‐[αGalNAc]‐(Thr)2‐[αGlcNAc]‐(Thr)2Gly‐OVA (1‐OVA) and NHAc[βGal‐αGalNAc]‐(Thr)3‐[αLacNAc]‐(Thr)3‐Gly‐OVA (2‐OVA) as mimetics of both T. cruzi and tumor mucin glycoproteins. These glycopeptides were obtained by solid‐phase synthesis, which involved the prior preparation of the protected glycosyl amino acids αGlcNAc‐ThrOH (3), αGalNAc‐ThrOH (4), βGal‐ThrOH (5), αLacNAc‐ThrOH (6), and βGal‐αGalNAc‐ThrOH (7) through glycosylation reactions. Immunizations of mice with glycopeptides 1‐OVA and 2‐OVA induced high antibody titers (1:16 000), as verified by ELISA tests, whereas flow cytometry assays showed the capacity of the obtained anti‐glycopeptides 1‐OVA and 2‐OVA antibodies to recognize both T. cruzi and MCF‐7 tumor cells. In addition, antisera induced by glycopeptides 1‐OVA and 2‐OVA were also able to inhibit T. cruzi fibroblast cell invasion (70 %) and to induce antibody‐mediated cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against MCF‐7 cells, with 50 % reduction of cell viability.
Synthesis of Migrastatin and its Macroketone Analogue and In Vivo FRAP Analysis of the Macroketone on E‐Cadherin Dynamics
Authors: Lo Re Daniele , Zhou Ying , Nobis Max , Anderson Kurt I. , Murphy Paul V. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAn efficient and scalable synthesis of a key acyclic intermediate used for the preparation of migrastatin and its macroketone analogue is described; Brown alkoxyallylation is the key step for this synthesis. The macroketone was prepared on 100 mg scale by this route. Treatment of invasive pancreatic cancer cells grown on a cell‐derived matrix or as subcutaneous tumours in nude mice with the macroketone inhibited E‐cadherin dynamics in a manner consistent with increased cell adhesion and reduced invasive potential.
Insight into the Formation and Reactivity of Framework‐Bound Methoxide Species in H‐ZSM‐5 from Static and Dynamic Molecular Simulations
Authors: Van der Mynsbrugge Jeroen , Moors Samuel L. C. , De Wispelaere Kristof , Van Speybroeck Veronique 
Published: June 2014

AbstractFramework‐bound methoxides occur as intermediates in the stepwise mechanism for zeolite‐catalyzed methylation reactions. Herein, the formation of methoxides from methanol or dimethyl ether in H‐ZSM‐5 is investigated by a combination of static and dynamic simulations, with particular focus on the effect of additional water and methanol molecules on the mechanism and kinetics. Metadynamics simulations allow partitioning the reaction path into distinct phases. Proton transfer from the zeolite to the reactants is found to be the rate‐limiting phase in the methoxide formation. Additional methanol molecules only assist the proton transfer in the methoxide formation from methanol, whereas the reaction from dimethyl ether does not benefit from methanol assistance. Once formed, methoxides are found to be as reactive toward alkene methylation as methanol and dimethyl ether.
The Adsorption and Simulated Separation of Light Hydrocarbons in Isoreticular Metal–Organic Frameworks Based on Dendritic Ligands with Different Aliphatic Side Chains
Authors: Jia Jiangtao , Wang Lei , Sun Fuxing , Jing Xiaofei , Bian Zheng , Gao Lianxun , Krishna Rajamani , Zhu Guangshan 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThree isoreticular metal–organic frameworks, JUC‐100, JUC‐103 and JUC‐106, were synthesized by connecting six‐node dendritic ligands to a [Zn4O(CO2)6] cluster. JUC‐103 and JUC‐106 have additional methyl and ethyl groups, respectively, in the pores with respect to JUC‐100. The uptake measurements of the three MOFs for CH4, C2H4, C2H6 and C3H8 were carried out. At 298 K, 1 atm, JUC‐103 has relatively high CH4 uptake, but JUC‐100 is the best at 273 K, 1 atm. JUC‐100 and JUC‐103 have similar C2H4 absorption ability. In addition, JUC‐100 has the best absorption capacity for C2H6 and C3H8. These results suggest that high surface area and appropriate pore size are important factors for gas uptake. Furthermore, ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) analyses show that all three MOFs have good C3H8/CH4 and C2H6/CH4 selectivities for an equimolar quaternary CH4/C2H4/C2H6/C3H8 gas mixture maintained at isothermal conditions at 298 K, and JUC‐106 has the best C2H6/CH4 selectivity. The breakthrough simulations indicate that all three MOFs have good capability for separating C2 hydrocarbons from C3 hydrocarbons. The pulse chromatographic simulations also indicate that all three MOFs are able to separate CH4/C2H4/C2H6/C3H8 mixture into three different fractions of C1, C2 and C3 hydrocarbons.
Ln[N(SiMe3)2]3‐Catalyzed Cross‐Diinsertion of CN/CC into an NH Bond: Facile Synthesis of 1,2,4‐Trisubstituted Imidazoles from Propargylamines and Nitriles
Authors: Hong Longcheng , Shao Yinlin , Zhang Lixin , Zhou Xigeng 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA lanthanide‐catalyzed sequential insertion of CN and CC into an NH bond is presented. The convenient reaction, which proceeds under mild conditions, is an efficient method for preparing 1,2,4‐trisubstituted imidazoles directly from readily available propargylamines and nitriles.
Mechanochromic Behavior of Aryl‐Substituted Buta‐1,3‐Diene Derivatives with Aggregation Enhanced Emission
Authors: Zhang Yijia , Han Ting , Gu Shangzhi , Zhou Tianye , Zhao Chuanzhen , Guo Yuexin , Feng Xiao , Tong Bin , Bing J. , Shi Jianbing , Zhi Junge , Dong Yuping 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThree tetra‐aryl substituted 1,3‐butadiene derivatives with aggregation enhanced emission (AEE) and mechanochromic fluorescence behavior have been rationally designed and synthesized. The results suggest an effective design strategy for developing diverse materials with aggregation induced emission (AIE) and significant mechanochromic performance by employing D‐π‐A structures with large dipole moments.
High Throughput Technology: Exemplary Highlights of Advanced Technical Tools
Authors: Titlbach Sven , Futter Cornelia , Lejkowski Michael , Lange de Oliveira Armin , Schunk Stephan Andreas 
Published: June 2014

AbstractHigh throughput experimentation in catalysis and materials science has evolved into a mature technology platform. This article provides a technology‐focused mini‐review of three specific exemplary highlights, such as the purification of heavy feedstocks via hydroprocessing, the debottlenecking of workflows by smart use of alternative technologies, and the development of new mass screening devices. The approaches presented here clearly demonstrate their specific potential for accelerating research and show what level of sophistication has been reached since the early beginnings.
Coupled Near‐ and Far‐Field Scattering in Silver Nanoparticles for High‐Efficiency, Stable, and Thin Plasmonic Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Adhyaksa Gede Widia Pratama , Baek Se‐Woong , Lee Ga In , Lee Dong Ki , Lee Jung‐Yong , Kang Jeung Ku 
Published: June 2014

AbstractHere, we report plasmonically enhanced thin dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) in an imidazolium‐dicyanamide based ionic liquid, in which size‐controlled metal (silver) nanoparticles (AgNPs) with passivation layers of a few nanometers are arranged into the electrolyte and photo‐electrodes. It was revealed that the AgNPs in the electrolyte and the photo‐electrode have distinct effects on device performance via different coupling mechanisms. Strong far‐field scattering is critical in the electrolyte while near‐field scattering is efficient in the photo‐electrode. Indeed, we find that the power conversion efficiency of the DSSC can be substantially improved by a synergistic arrangement of the AgNPs in the electrolyte and the photo‐electrode. Furthermore, an imidazolium‐dicyanamide based nonvolatile ionic liquid electrolyte for MNPs is demonstrated to provide thin plasmonic DSSCs with good stability.
Using zebrafish to study podocyte genesis during kidney development and regeneration
Authors: Kroeger Paul T. , Wingert Rebecca A. 
Published: June 2014

SUMMARYDuring development, vertebrates form a progression of up to three different kidneys that are comprised of functional units termed nephrons. Nephron composition is highly conserved across species, and an increasing appreciation of the similarities between zebrafish and mammalian nephron cell types has positioned the zebrafish as a relevant genetic system for nephrogenesis studies. A key component of the nephron blood filter is a specialized epithelial cell known as the podocyte. Podocyte research is of the utmost importance as a vast majority of renal diseases initiate with the dysfunction or loss of podocytes, resulting in a condition known as proteinuria that causes nephron degeneration and eventually leads to kidney failure. Understanding how podocytes develop during organogenesis may elucidate new ways to promote nephron health by stimulating podocyte replacement in kidney disease patients. In this review, we discuss how the zebrafish model can be used to study kidney development, and how zebrafish research has provided new insights into podocyte lineage specification and differentiation. Further, we discuss the recent discovery of podocyte regeneration in adult zebrafish, and explore how continued basic research using zebrafish can provide important knowledge about podocyte genesis in embryonic and adult environments. genesis 52:771–792, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of agri‐environmental schemes on farmland birds: do food availability measurements improve patterns obtained from simple habitat models?
Authors: Ponce Carlos , Bravo Carolina , Alonso Juan Carlos 
Published: June 2014

AbstractStudies evaluating agri‐environmental schemes (AES) usually focus on responses of single species or functional groups. Analyses are generally based on simple habitat measurements but ignore food availability and other important factors. This can limit our understanding of the ultimate causes determining the reactions of birds to AES. We investigated these issues in detail and throughout the main seasons of a bird's annual cycle (mating, postfledging and wintering) in a dry cereal farmland in a Special Protection Area for farmland birds in central Spain. First, we modeled four bird response parameters (abundance, species richness, diversity and “Species of European Conservation Concern” [SPEC]‐score), using detailed food availability and vegetation structure measurements (food models). Second, we fitted new models, built using only substrate composition variables (habitat models). Whereas habitat models revealed that both, fields included and not included in the AES benefited birds, food models went a step further and included seed and arthropod biomass as important predictors, respectively, in winter and during the postfledging season. The validation process showed that food models were on average 13% better (up to 20% in some variables) in predicting bird responses. However, the cost of obtaining data for food models was five times higher than for habitat models. This novel approach highlighted the importance of food availability‐related causal processes involved in bird responses to AES, which remained undetected when using conventional substrate composition assessment models. Despite their higher costs, measurements of food availability add important details to interpret the reactions of the bird community to AES interventions and thus facilitate evaluating the real efficiency of AES programs.