bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An In Vivo Study of Composite Microgels Based on Hyaluronic Acid and Gelatin for the Reconstruction of Surgically Injured Rat Vocal Folds
Authors: Coppoolse Jiska M. S. , Van Kooten T. G. , Heris Hossein K. , Mongeau Luc , Li Nicole Y. K. , Thibeault Susan L. , Pitaro Jacob , Akinpelu Olubunmi , Daniel Sam J. 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
The objective of this study was to investigate local injection with a hierarchically microstructured hyaluronic acid–gelatin (HA-Ge) hydrogel for the treatment of acute vocal fold injury using a rat model.

Method
Vocal fold stripping was performed unilaterally in 108 Sprague-Dawley rats. A volume of 25 μl saline (placebo controls), HA-bulk, or HA-Ge hydrogel was injected into the lamina propria (LP) 5 days after surgery. The vocal folds were harvested at 3, 14, and 28 days after injection and analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry staining for macrophages, myofibroblasts, elastin, collagen type I, and collagen type III.

Results

The macrophage count was statistically significantly lower in the HA-Ge group than in the saline group (
p
< .05) at Day 28. Results suggested that the HA-Ge injection did not induce inflammatory or rejection response. Myofibroblast counts and elastin were statistically insignificant across treatment groups at all time points. Increased elastin deposition was qualitatively observed in both HA groups from Day 3 to Day 28, and not in the saline group. Significantly more elastin was observed in the HA-bulk group than in the uninjured group at Day 28. Significantly more collagen type I was observed in the HA-bulk and HA-Ge groups than in the saline group (
p
< .05) at Day 28. The collagen type I concentration in the HA-Ge and saline groups was found to be comparable to that in the uninjured controls at Day 28. The concentration of collagen type III in all treatment groups was similar to that in uninjured controls at Day 28.

Conclusion
Local HA-Ge and HA-bulk injections for acute injured vocal folds were biocompatible and did not induce adverse response.
Impact of Clear, Loud, and Slow Speech on Scaled Intelligibility and Speech Severity in Parkinson's Disease and Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Tjaden Kris , Sussman Joan E. , Wilding Gregory E. 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
The perceptual consequences of rate reduction, increased vocal intensity, and clear speech were studied in speakers with multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease (PD), and healthy controls.

Method
Seventy-eight speakers read sentences in habitual, clear, loud, and slow conditions. Sentences were equated for peak amplitude and mixed with multitalker babble for presentation to listeners. Using a computerized visual analog scale, listeners judged intelligibility or speech severity as operationally defined in Sussman and Tjaden (2012).

Results
Loud and clear but not slow conditions improved intelligibility relative to the habitual condition. With the exception of the loud condition for the PD group, speech severity did not improve above habitual and was reduced relative to habitual in some instances. Intelligibility and speech severity were strongly related, but relationships for disordered speakers were weaker in clear and slow conditions versus habitual.

Conclusions
Both clear and loud speech show promise for improving intelligibility and maintaining or improving speech severity in multitalker babble for speakers with mild dysarthria secondary to MS or PD, at least as these perceptual constructs were defined and measured in this study. Although scaled intelligibility and speech severity overlap, the metrics further appear to have some separate value in documenting treatment-related speech changes.
Ventricular-Fold Dynamics in Human Phonation
Authors: Bailly Lucie , Bernardoni Nathalie Henrich , Müller Frank , Rohlfs Anna-Katharina , Hess Markus 
Published: April 2014

PurposeIn this study, the authors aimed (a) to provide a classification of the ventricular-fold dynamics during voicing, (b) to study the aerodynamic impact of these motions on vocal-fold vibrations, and (c) to assess whether ventricular-fold oscillations could be sustained by aerodynamic coupling with the vocal folds.MethodA 72-sample database of vocal gestures accompanying different acoustical events comprised high-speed cinematographic, audio, and electroglottographic recordings of 5 subjects. Combining the physiological correlates with a theoretical model of phonation, the vocal–ventricular aerodynamic interactions were investigated.ResultsA ventricular-fold motion is found during (de)crescendos, shout, throat singing, yodel, growls, and glides with transitions between registers. Three main types of dynamics are identified: slow nonoscillatory motion and fast oscillatory motion with aperiodical or periodical vibrations. These patterns accompany a change in voice quality, pitch, and/or intensity. Alterations of glottal-oscillatory amplitude, frequency, and contact were predicted. It is shown that a ventricular oscillation can be initiated and sustained by aerodynamic coupling with the vocal folds.ConclusionsVocal–ventricular aerodynamic interactions can alter, enhance, or suppress vocal-fold vibrations or leave them unchanged, depending on the ventricular-fold dynamics involved. Depending on its variation in time, a similar level of ventricular-fold adduction impacts the glottal vibratory magnitude and contact much differently.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6170456
Accuracy and Precision of a Custom Camera-Based System for 2-D and 3-D Motion Tracking During Speech and Nonspeech Motor Tasks
Authors: Feng Yongqiang , Max Ludo 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
Studying normal or disordered motor control requires accurate motion tracking of the effectors (e.g., orofacial structures). The cost of electromagnetic, optoelectronic, and ultrasound systems is prohibitive for many laboratories and limits clinical applications. For external movements (lips, jaw), video-based systems may be a viable alternative, provided that they offer high temporal resolution and submillimeter accuracy.

Method
The authors examined the accuracy and precision of 2-D and 3-D data recorded with a system that combines consumer-grade digital cameras capturing 60, 120, or 240 frames per second (fps), retro-reflective markers, commercially available computer software (APAS, Ariel Dynamics), and a custom calibration device.

Results

Overall root-mean-square error (RMSE) across tests was 0.15 mm for static tracking and 0.26 mm for dynamic tracking, with corresponding precision (
SD
) values of 0.11 and 0.19 mm, respectively. The effect of frame rate varied across conditions, but, generally, accuracy was reduced at 240 fps. The effect of marker size (3- vs. 6-mm diameter) was negligible at all frame rates for both 2-D and 3-D data.

Conclusion
Motion tracking with consumer-grade digital cameras and the APAS software can achieve submillimeter accuracy at frame rates that are appropriate for kinematic analyses of lip/jaw movements for both research and clinical purposes.
Webcam Delivery of the Lidcombe Program for Early Stuttering: A Phase I Clinical Trial
Authors: O’Brian Sue , Smith Kylie , Onslow Mark 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
The Lidcombe Program is an operant treatment for early stuttering shown with meta-analysis to have a favorable odds ratio. However, many clients are unable to access the treatment because of distance and lifestyle factors. In this Phase I trial, we explored the potential efficacy, practicality, and viability of an Internet webcam Lidcombe Program service delivery model.

Method
Participants were 3 preschool children who stuttered and their parents, all of whom received assessment and treatment using webcam in their homes with no clinic attendance.

Results
At 6 months post–Stage 1 completion, all children were stuttering below 1.0% syllables stuttered. The webcam intervention was acceptable to the parents and appeared to be practical and viable, with only occasional audiovisual problems. At present, there is no reason to doubt that a webcam-delivered Lidcombe Program will be shown with clinical trials to have comparable efficacy with the clinic version.

Conclusion
Webcam-delivered Lidcombe Program intervention is potentially efficacious, is practical and viable, and requires further exploration with comparative clinical trials and a qualitative study of parent and caregiver experiences.
Nanoscale rolled‐up InAs quantum dot tube photodetector
Authors: Dastjerdi M.H.T. , Mi Z. 
Published: April 2014

The first demonstration of a rolled‐up InAs quantum dot tube photodetector is reported, which is fabricated by the selective release of self‐organised InAs/GaAs quantum dot heterostructures from the host substrate. The device exhibits a responsivity of ∼66 mA/W and an external quantum efficiency of ∼8% under 1064 nm excitation at 300 K.
Unidirectional planar monopole ultra‐wideband antenna using wrench‐shaped feeding structure
Authors: Ellis M.S. , Zhao Zhiqin , Wu Jiangniu , Nie Z. , Liu Qing‐Huo 
Published: April 2014

A unidirectional planar monopole ultra‐wideband (UWB) antenna is presented. To realise unidirectional radiation, a new feed structure is implemented without modifications in the ground plane or the monopole. By using a wrench‐shaped feeding structure, unidirectional radiation of the planar monopole antenna can be realised, especially at high frequencies. The antenna is built on a 20 × 30 mm FR4 substrate to cover a frequency bandwidth from 3.1 to over 14 GHz for a voltage standing wave ratio ≤2.
Advantages of EADFB laser for 25 Gbaud/s 4‐PAM (50 Gbit/s) modulation and 10 km single‐mode fibre transmission
Authors: Kobayashi W. , Fujisawa T. , Ito T. , Kanazawa S. , Ueda Y. , Sanjoh H. 
Published: April 2014

The 25 Gbaud/s 4‐level pulse amplitude modulation (4‐PAM) of a 1.3 μm electroabsorption modulator integrated with a distributed feedback (DFB) laser is demonstrated for the first time. The linearities of the electroabsorption DFB (EADFB) laser and the directly modulated laser are evaluated to investigate the applicability of the PAM format to these devices.
Minimising nonlinear Raman crosstalk in future network overlays on legacy passive optical networks
Authors: Piehler D. 
Published: April 2014

There is a desire to overlay future optical access networks onto legacy passive optical networks (PONs) to provide increasingly advanced services by filling empty wavelength bands of legacy gigabit rate PONs. Nonlinear Raman crosstalk from new wavelengths onto legacy RF video services (1550–1560 nm band) and onto the legacy digital downstream at 1490 nm, however, can limit the number and the launch power of new wavelengths. As an example, straightforward physical‐layer adjustments at the optical line terminal that increase the number of new, 10 Gbit/s channels launched in the 1575–1580 nm band by a factor of 16 without increasing the Raman penalty on the video signal are illustrated. A physical‐layer (RF) filter modifies the on–off‐keyed signal feeding each 10 Gbit/s transmitter, suppressing the RF Raman crosstalk on the video signal by 9 dB while incurring a power penalty on each 10 Gbit/s link of <0.5 (2.0) dB with (without) forward error correction. The previous Raman mitigation work used non‐standard line‐coding to shape the 10 Gbit/s electrical spectrum. In addition, polarisation‐interleaving of new wavelengths lowers the worst‐case RF DC crosstalk by ∼3 dB in fibres and it limits and stabilises DC crosstalk in low polarisation mode dispersion fibre links.
Investigation of LaAlO3/ZrO2/a‐InGaZnO thin‐film transistors using atmospheric pressure plasma jet
Authors: Wu Chien‐Hung , Huang Hau‐Yuan , Wang Shui‐Jinn , Chang Kow‐Ming , Hsu Hsin‐Yu 
Published: April 2014

Amorphous indium–gallium–zinc‐oxide thin‐film transistors (a‐IGZO‐TFTs) with the LaAlO3/ZrO2 gate dielectric stack employing a novel atmospheric pressure plasma jet process that results in small subthreshold swing and low threshold voltage are proposed and fabricated. The influence of post‐deposition annealing (PDA) temperature on LaAlO3/ZrO2 gate dielectric stack and device performance was investigated. The equivalent oxide thickness of the LaAlO3/ZrO2 dielectric stack decreases from 11.5 nm without annealing to 7 nm after a 500°C annealing was applied. The LaAlO3/ZrO2/a‐InGaZnO TFT with a 500°C annealing exhibits a small subthreshold swing of 77 mV·dec−1, a high field‐effect mobility of 9 cm2·V−1·s−1 and an excellent current ratio of 1.8 × 107, which could be attributed to the improved gate dielectric quality by the PDA. The LaAlO3/ZrO2/a‐InGaZnO TFTs with excellent gate control ability allow the device to operate at a low operating voltage with low power consumption.
Characterization of the quality of imbibed soybean at an early stage of pre-germination for the development of a new protein food item
Authors: Tamura Tomoko , Kamei Asuka , Ueda Reiko , Arai Soichi , Mura Kiyoshi 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThis was a pilot study carried out to develop a new protein food item from imbibed soybean before germination. It identified the significance of a short stage after imbibition and before germination, and that vitamin C production was activated in as little as 16 h from the start of imbibition, without any influence on the soy protein quality or sensory acceptability, while longer imbibition caused the imbibed soybean to activate its phytophysiological metabolism for germination. DNA microarray analysis indicated that the genes for carbohydrate metabolism were up-regulated prior to 16 h, and that the expression rates of genes responsible for environmental factors were down-regulated. Thereafter, the expression rates of the genes associated with lipid metabolism and secondary metabolite production were changed. This information should contribute to a better understanding of how to develop a new soy protein item in pre-germination before active physiological processes begin.
Enhancement of (R)-1,3-butanediol production by engineered Escherichia coli using a bioreactor system with strict regulation of overall oxygen transfer coefficient and pH
Authors: Kataoka Naoya , Vangnai Alisa S , Ueda Hiromitsu , Tajima Takahisa , Nakashimada Yutaka , Kato Junichi 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
(R)-1,3-butanediol ((R)-1,3-BD) is an important substrate for the synthesis of industrial chemicals. Despite its large demand, a bioprocess for the efficient production of 1,3-BD from renewable resources has not been developed. We previously reported the construction of recombinant Escherichia coli that could efficiently produce (R)-1,3-BD from glucose. In this study, the fermentation conditions were optimized to further improve 1,3-BD production by the recombinant strain. A batch fermentation was performed with an optimized overall oxygen transfer coefficient (82.3 h−1) and pH (5.5); the 1,3-BD concentration reached 98.5 mM after 36 h with high-yield (0.444 mol (mol glucose)−1) and a high maximum production rate (3.63 mM h−1). In addition, a fed-batch fermentation enabled the recombinant strain to produce 174.8 mM 1,3-BD after 96 h cultivation with a yield of 0.372 mol (mol glucose)−1, a maximum production rate of 3.90 mM h−1, and a 98.6% enantiomeric excess (% ee) of (R)-1,3-BD.
Three‐dimensional kinematic correlates of ball velocity during maximal instep soccer kicking in males
Authors: Sinclair Jonathan , Fewtrell David , Taylor Paul John , Bottoms Lindsay , Atkins Stephen , Hobbs Sarah Jane 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAchieving a high ball velocity is important during soccer shooting, as it gives the goalkeeper less time to react, thus improving a player's chance of scoring. This study aimed to identify important technical aspects of kicking linked to the generation of ball velocity using regression analyses. Maximal instep kicks were obtained from 22 academy‐level soccer players using a 10‐camera motion capture system sampling at 500 Hz. Three‐dimensional kinematics of the lower extremity segments were obtained. Regression analysis was used to identify the kinematic parameters associated with the development of ball velocity. A single biomechanical parameter; knee extension velocity of the kicking limb at ball contact Adjusted R2 = 0.39, p ≤ 0.01 was obtained as a significant predictor of ball‐velocity. This study suggests that sagittal plane knee extension velocity is the strongest contributor to ball velocity and potentially overall kicking performance. It is conceivable therefore that players may benefit from exposure to coaching and strength techniques geared towards the improvement of knee extension angular velocity as highlighted in this study.
The cell behavior ontology: describing the intrinsic biological behaviors of real and model cells seen as active agents
Authors: Sluka James P. , Shirinifard Abbas , Swat Maciej , Cosmanescu Alin , Heiland Randy W. , Glazier James A. 
Published: April 2014

Motivation: Currently, there are no ontologies capable of describing both the spatial organization of groups of cells and the behaviors of those cells. The lack of a formalized method for describing the spatiality and intrinsic biological behaviors of cells makes it difficult to adequately describe cells, tissues and organs as spatial objects in living tissues, in vitro assays and in computational models of tissues.
Results: We have developed an OWL-2 ontology to describe the intrinsic physical and biological characteristics of cells and tissues. The Cell Behavior Ontology (CBO) provides a basis for describing the spatial and observable behaviors of cells and extracellular components suitable for describing in vivo, in vitro and in silico multicell systems. Using the CBO, a modeler can create a meta-model of a simulation of a biological model and link that meta-model to experiment or simulation results. Annotation of a multicell model and its computational representation, using the CBO, makes the statement of the underlying biology explicit. The formal representation of such biological abstraction facilitates the validation, falsification, discovery, sharing and reuse of both models and experimental data.
Availability and implementation: The CBO, developed using Protégé 4, is available at http://cbo.biocomplexity.indiana.edu/cbo/ and at BioPortal (http://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/CBO).
Contact: jsluka@indiana.edu or Glazier@indiana.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary Data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Intraperitoneal Local Anesthetics Have Predominant Local Analgesic Effect
Authors: Perniola Andrea , Magnuson Anders , Axelsson Kjell , Gupta Anil 
Published: April 2014

Abstract

Background:
It remains unclear whether analgesia from intraperitoneal local anesthetics is via local or central mechanisms. This double-blind clinical trial tests the hypothesis that intraperitoneal local anesthetic is superior to continuous IV infusion for pain management. Primary outcome was morphine consumption during 0 to 24 h.

Methods:
Informed consent was obtained from 60 patients, age 30 to 75 yr, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I to II, undergoing abdominal hysterectomy. A computer-generated program randomized patients in parallel arms to group IV: continuous infusion of lidocaine 50 mg/h (10 ml) IV and saline 10 ml/h intermittently intraperitoneal; group IP: injection of lidocaine 50 mg/h (10 ml) once every hour intraperitoneally and continuous infusion of saline 10 ml/h intravenously; and group P (placebo): saline 10 ml/h both intravenously and intermittent intraperitoneal injection. Postoperative morphine consumption, pain intensity, recovery, home discharge, and lidocaine concentrations were measured.

Results:
Morphine consumption during 0 to 24 h was lower in group IP versus group IV, mean difference −22.6 mg (95% CI, 11.4 to 33.8; P < 0.01). No difference was seen between group IV and group P. The total mean plasma concentration of lidocaine in group IP was significantly lower than group IV, 0 to 4.5 h postoperatively (P = 0.03) with no evidence of systemic toxicity. Pain intensity and other recovery parameters were similar between the groups.

Conclusion:
The lower supplemental morphine consumption and plasma lidocaine concentration in group IP would confirm that the effects of local anesthetics are likely to be predominant via local intraperitoneal receptors or anti-inflammatory effects and not via central mechanisms alone.
Phosphodiesterase 2A Localized in the Spinal Cord Contributes to Inflammatory Pain Processing
Authors: Kallenborn-Gerhardt Wiebke , Lu Ruirui , Bothe Aaron , Thomas Dominique , Schlaudraff Jessica , Lorenz Jana E. , Lippold Nancy , Real Catherine I. , Ferreirós Nerea , Geisslinger Gerd , Del Turco Domenico , Schmidtko Achim 
Published: April 2014

Abstract

Background:
Phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) is an evolutionarily conserved enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of the cyclic nucleotides, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, and/or cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Recent studies reported the expression of PDE2A in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, pointing to a potential contribution to the processing of pain. However, the functions of PDE2A in spinal pain processing in vivo remained elusive.

Methods:
Immunohistochemistry, laser microdissection, and quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction experiments were performed to characterize the localization and regulation of PDE2A protein and messenger RNA in the mouse spinal cord. Effects of the selective PDE2A inhibitor, BAY 60–7550 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI), in animal models of inflammatory pain (n = 6 to 10), neuropathic pain (n = 5 to 6), and after intrathecal injection of cyclic nucleotides (n = 6 to 8) were examined. Also, cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels in spinal cord tissues were measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

Results:
The authors here demonstrate that PDE2A is distinctly expressed in neurons of the superficial dorsal horn of the spinal cord, and that its spinal expression is upregulated in response to hind paw inflammation. Administration of the selective PDE2A inhibitor, BAY 60–7550, increased the nociceptive behavior of mice in animal models of inflammatory pain. Moreover, BAY 60–7550 increased the pain hypersensitivity induced by intrathecal delivery of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, but not of cyclic guanosine monophosphate, and it increased the cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels in spinal cord tissues.

Conclusion:
Our findings indicate that PDE2A contributes to the processing of inflammatory pain in the spinal cord.