bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality‐of‐Life Outcomes Following Endoscopic Resection of Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma
Authors: Abiri Arash , Hong Ellen M. , Dilley Katelyn K. , Nguyen Theodore V. , Salmon Mandy K. , Grose Elysia M. , Tripathi Siddhant H. , Venkatesh Sanjena , Kim Yohan , Lee Daniel J. , Douglas Jennifer E. , Eide Jacob G. , Kshirsagar Rijul S. , Phillips Katie M. , Sedaghat Ahmad R. , Lee John M. , Tong Charles C.L. , Adappa Nithin D. , Palmer James N. , Kuan Edward C. 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesThere is growing interest in assessing patient quality of life (QOL) following treatment of sinonasal tumors, including inverted papilloma (IP). We aimed to elucidate the natural history of postoperative QOL outcomes in IP patients treated with surgery.MethodsCases of sinonasal IP treated surgically at 4 tertiary academic rhinology centers were retrospectively reviewed. SNOT‐22 scores were used to evaluate QOL preoperatively and postoperatively (1, 3, 6, 12 months). Repeated‐measures ANOVA assessed for differences in mean scores over time. Linear regression identified factors associated with QOL longitudinally.Results373 patients were analyzed. Mean preoperative SNOT‐22 score was 20.6 ± 20.4, which decreased to 16.3 ± 18.8 (p = 0.041) and 11.8 ± 15.0 (p < 0.001) at 1 and 3 months postoperatively, respectively. No further changes in SNOT‐22 scores occurred beyond 3 months postoperatively (p > 0.05). When analyzed by SNOT‐22 subdomains, nasal, sleep, and otologic/facial subdomain scores (all p < 0.05) demonstrated improvement at 12‐month follow‐up compared with preoperative scores; this was not observed for the emotional subdomain score (p = 0.800). Recurrent cases were associated with higher long‐term SNOT‐22 scores (β = 7.08; p = 0.017). Age, sex, degree of dysplasia, prior surgery, primary site, and smoking history did not correlate with symptoms (all p > 0.05).ConclusionsQOL outcomes related to IP resection are largely driven by nasal, sleep, and otologic/facial subdomains, though patients appear to experience enduring improvement as early as 3 months postoperatively. Recurrent disease is a major driver of negative QOL.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 135:579–585, 2025
Integrated Arbitrary Multimode TM‐Pass Polarizer Based on Anisotropic Optical Manipulation
Authors: Zhou Xudong , Chen Li , Liao Hongtao , Jiang Yongheng , Xiao Huifu , Yang Jianhong , Yuan Mingrui , He Yu , Zhang Yong , Su Yikai , Tian Yonghui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOn‐chip optical polarizer can extract the desired polarized light signal while filtering out the other polarized light signal, which plays a key role in integrated photonic circuits for purifying the desired polarized signal and reducing polarization crosstalk. However, most of the reported optical polarizers can only work for fundamental modes. With the rapid development of on‐chip multimode processing systems, arbitrary high‐order mode optical polarizers are more desirable. In this contribution, a TM‐pass optical multimode polarizer is proposed and demonstrated using subwavelength grating‐based anisotropic manipulation, which can achieve the polarizing of arbitrary TM high‐order mode theoretically, and the experimental results show the lowest polarization extinction ratio of the fabricated device can reach up to 21.2 dB under working for four‐mode (TM0, TM1, TM2, and TM3) system. The dynamic data transmission with the data rate of 64 Gbit s−1 has also been demonstrated to verify its potential for systematized applications in the future.
Evaluation of visible implant elastomer (VIE) tags for use in supplementation of an endangered estuarine fish
Authors: Long Carissa M. , Tsai Yi-Jiun Jean , Castillo Gonzalo C. , Hung Tien-Chieh , Tobias Vanessa D. , Carson Evan W. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
Delta Smelt Hypomesus transpacificus are thought to be close to extinction in the wild, which has spurred multiagency conservation efforts to supplement their population. In conjunction with these recent efforts, monitoring is needed to assess the effectiveness of supplementation. Such monitoring often uses large-scale tagging of released fish to distinguish between hatchery-origin and wild-origin fish that are captured during later surveys.

Methods
In this study, we evaluated the use of visible implant elastomer tags in Delta Smelt to determine whether fish survival, fish growth, or tag retention were dependent on (1) tag color (blue, green, orange, red, yellow, and no-tag control) or (2) tagged body location (posterior-dorsal, anterior-dorsal, mid-lateral line, and no-tag control).

Result
Over 165 days of the first experiment, there was no difference in growth rate (mean = 0.073 mm/d, range = 0.072–0.075 mm/d) or survival (mean = 68%, range = 63–77%) among tag colors. Across all color groups, mean tag retention was 96% (range = 87–100%). Over 120 days of the second experiment, tag location had no influence on fish growth rate (mean = 0.064 mm/d, range = 0.062–0.067 mm/d) or survival (mean = 50%, range = 43–58%). For the surviving fish in experiment 2, the tags that were placed at the mid-lateral line were retained less (84% on day 120) than those at posterior-dorsal and anterior-dorsal locations (99% and 98%, respectively).

Conclusion
Our results suggest that visible implant elastomer tagging is a suitable method for marking adult Delta Smelt (&gt;50 mm fork length) for up to 165 days and can be useful for conservation monitoring efforts.
Brittle fracture investigation in a coupled FEM‐PD model
Authors: Pernatii Anna , Filiurskyi Danylo , Gabbert Ulrich , Hesse Jan‐Timo , Willberg Christian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe simulation of crack patterns, crack velocities, and dissipated energies is a challenging task. Peridynamics (PD) has been proven to be a powerful tool addressing all these problems, including crack propagation, crack branching, its velocity and delamination, and so forth. It is a nonlocal theory, where material points interact with other points (these interactions are called bonds) within a continuous neighborhood in a specific range, called horizon. Typically, for complex problems PD is solved numerically. Its implementations require a high spatial resolution for adequate representation of the damaged material behavior, which is related to the high computational costs. Additionally, because of the nonlocal nature of PD there are difficulties in applying the classical local initial and boundary conditions. This leads to the idea of coupling relatively expensive PD with a finite element method to reduce the computational efforts and also try to solve the boundary condition problem. If the whole domain can be divided into two subdomains, the area where the fracture is expected should be modeled with the PD and the rest with finite elements. The present work proposes a comparison of three coupling strategies in terms of damage‐free dynamic problems with high‐frequency excitement. Additionally the investigation of the influence of wave propagation on the fracture process, as well as on crack patterns is presented.
Proteomics Analysis of Human Chorionic Villi Reveals Dysregulated Pathways That Contribute to Recurrent Pregnancy Loss
Authors: Davalieva Katarina , Bozhinovski Gjorgji , Kiprijanovska Sanja , Kubelka‐Sabit Katerina , Plaseska‐Karanfilska Dijana 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeRecurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) represents a common disorder with consequences on family and society. As more than half of the RPL cases do not have a clearly identified cause, uncovering the mechanisms behind the idiopathic RPL is urgently needed.Experimental DesignUsing label‐free data‐independent LC‐MS/MS acquisition coupled with ion mobility, we compared the proteome of chorionic villi from 13 RPL cases with 10 age and gestational week‐matched elective pregnancies. Transcriptional levels of selected candidate biomarkers were determined in chorionic villi of 35 RPL cases and 25 controls using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).ResultsStatistically significant difference in abundance (Benjamini–Hochberg [B‐H] p ≤ 0.05) and fold change ≥1.5 showed 128 proteins. Bioinformatics analysis identified complement and coagulation cascades, platelet activation, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle, and ferroptosis as pathways with the highest significance. Correlation with transcriptome datasets revealed a weak statistically significant positive correlation with 45% of the co‐differentially expressed proteins/genes displaying the same regulation trend. The transcription levels of neurofilament light polypeptide (NEFL), dihydrolipoyllysine‐residue succinyltransferase component of 2‐oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex_mitochondrial (DLST), nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3), and ceruloplasmin (CP) were significantly increased in the RPL, consistent with the proteomics findings.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceOur data suggests alteration of several pathways as potential causes of idiopathic RPL from the fetal side and opens the way for investigations concerning clinical management.
Effectiveness of physiotherapy rehabilitation approaches for Parkinson's disease: A Durrës case study
Authors: Zotaj Aida , Milloshi Rajmonda , Sokoli Selda , Doci Hariklie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe article's significance lies in the substantial rise in the risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD), necessitating the exploration of various approaches to rehabilitation and medical treatment. The purpose of the article is to detect the direct effect of physiotherapy for patients with PD and to identify how it helps in slowing down cardio‐pulmonary failure, improving the posture, balance, bradykinesia and tremor.MethodsThe research utilised clinical data from 407 PD patients aged 30–100 years at the Central Polyclinic of Durrës, spanning 2011–2022, and included a systematic literature review and statistical analysis comparing physiotherapy outcomes with European Union standards.ResultsThe research demonstrates the efficiency of physiotherapy in the short and long term in the treatment of PD for patients and medical personnel. All information can be used to increase the functional abilities of patients and minimise complications after physiotherapy and to estimate the effectiveness of different exercises in delaying PD. Older adults, particularly those aged 71–80, are most affected by PD, with males more likely to be diagnosed. Physiotherapy rehabilitation improves motor symptoms, posture, and balance in 30‐80‐year‐olds, but its effectiveness declines with age. Advanced rehabilitation methods in Italy lead to better outcomes, suggesting the potential for improvement in Durres disease.ConclusionsThe study emphasises the need for improved rehabilitation strategies for older patients by recommending tailored programs, advanced methods, standardisation, training, and long‐term monitoring. Further research should concentrate on the long‐term sustainability of physiotherapy benefits, the development of targeted interventions for older patients, and the integration of innovative therapeutic approaches.
Viewing science teacher learning and curriculum enactment through the lens of theory of practice architectures
Authors: Fazio Xavier , Kemmis Stephen , Zugic Jessica 
Published: August 2024

AbstractScience teachers struggle to implement and sustain new curricular ideas from professional development (PD) experiences. These PD opportunities are crucial for enacting real‐world changes to teaching practice and address pressing global challenges, such as the teaching and learning of socioscientific topics nested in school communities. Additionally, it is important to consider how school situative conditions are an important aspect in how science teachers learn, develop, and enact curricular practices in their classrooms. This paper is part of a special issue on Teacher Learning and Practice within Organizational Contexts. The purpose of this conceptual paper is to illustrate how researchers can frame research using the theory of practice architectures (TPA) as a lens to develop a dynamic socio‐material understanding of teacher learning within teachers' working environments and their local school communities. An ongoing multi‐year professional learning study with science teachers in an elementary school and secondary school was analyzed using TPA. Using a philosophical‐empirical approach, observations from PD sessions and collaborative meetings illustrated teachers' practices in the form of sayings, doings, and relatings and their changes over the duration of the observations with associated modifications in schools' practice architectures. Although specific school conditions, such as timetable restrictions and curriculum accountability, constrained teachers' practices they were still enabled to learn and develop their practices. Overall, TPA was found to be an insightful framework for theorizing changes in science teaching practices of teachers' saying, doings, and relatings at their school sites. Future research focused on PD within schools would benefit from using a TPA approach to theorizing science teacher learning and curriculum enactment practices.
Do we have the capacity? The policy imperative for equity‐focused K‐12 computer science education
Authors: Marshall Stefanie L. , Grooms Ain A. , Childs Joshua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAccess to computer science education (CSEd) has greatly expanded in recent years. Starting with the Computer Science for All Initiative, launched in 2016 under President Obama, CSEd has expanded across the U.S. with over half of high schools offering at least one computer science course. Although there has been growth in computer science course offerings, disparities exist when it comes to ‘who’ enrolls in CSEd courses, and ‘where’ those courses are being offered. These disparities highlight that while funding and support for CSEd has increased, little is known about the capacity of states to operationalize (and implement) policies to achieve equitable CSEd. Furthermore, how recent changes at the federal and state level(s) are directly impacting minoritized populations' access, participation, and engagement in CSEd. This commentary focuses on the state‐level capacity to implement equity‐focused CSEd policies that can lead to improvements in student opportunities and outcomes. We argue that state CSEd leaders engage at the intersection of four areas: (1) growing state investment in CSEd, (2) increasingly polarizing political environments, (3) securing human and fiscal resources to implement CSEd policy with fidelity, and (4) supporting Culturally Responsive Computing that sustains equitable teaching and learning practices in schools and classrooms. This commentary also serves as a Call to Action for STEM education researchers to listen closely and carefully to the communities served by CSEd research, including students, families, and educators.
Shifting from education to learning: Leadership learning framework
Authors: Guthrie Kathy L. , Jenkins Daniel M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article provides an overview of the leadership learning framework (LLF) and insight into how this framework was developed. The shift from focusing on teaching to the learning of leadership to developing programs in both curricular and co‐curricular spaces is amplified in this model. The six aspects of the LLF are discussed using a steering wheel as a metaphor. The article also shares how LLF has been applied in various ways to continue to reflect the evolving landscape of leadership education.
Leadership knowledge in practice: Reimagining pedagogy, application, and assessment
Authors: Daniels Michael , Perkins Joshua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLeadership learning frequently overemphasizes teaching, while undervaluing how students acquire leadership knowledge, skills, and abilities (Barr & Tagg, 1995; Fink, 2013). This article discusses the value of grounding leadership learning processes in a framework unique to leadership learning (Guthrie & Jenkins, 2018). Specifically, we advocate for the leadership learning framework (LLF) with an emphasis on leadership knowledge in practice. The authors share an overview of a practical approach toward leadership learning and offer a praxis model. Additionally, we offer a critical analysis of several instructional and assessment strategies, including peer facilitations, classroom learning, and rubrics. We share recommendations and implications for practice around leadership knowledge in pedagogical practice. Lastly, the authors provide their own examples of leadership knowledge in practice from their work.
“I know what I don't know”: Metacognition in leadership learning
Authors: Volpe‐White Jillian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMetacognition, or having an awareness of one's thought processes, is an integral part of learning. Fostering metacognitive abilities enhances self‐awareness and the ability of learners to engage with complexity. Metacognition underscores all aspects of leadership learning, including knowledge, development, training, observation, and engagement. Educators develop metacognitive abilities through explicitly teaching metacognitive skills, scaffolding learning, and engaging critical perspectives. As leadership educators develop metacognitive abilities and incorporate learning about metacognition in curricular and co‐curricular settings, the field of leadership education amplifies opportunities for learners to facilitate positive and sustainable change.
Representing Migration
Authors: Englund Lena 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRepresentation is a central theme of this book, addressed in all chapters in multiple ways, and introduced here in relation to a novel which received significant backlash upon publication: Jeanine Cummins’s American Dirt (2019). Central questions concern who can and should write stories of migration and in what contexts, and the controversy surrounding the novel also raises concerns about biases of the publishing industry and the limited representation of authors from various ethnic and racial backgrounds, in this case, writers who define themselves as Latin American/Latinx. The reception of the novel is contrasted against another text, Roberto Lovato’s Unforgetting: A Memoir of Family, Migration, Gangs, and Revolution in the Americas (2020), which has been favourably received. Findings indicate that autobiographical representations of migration are seen, by critics and researchers alike, as more suitable and desirable than purely fictional stories, particularly if the writer has no personal experience of migration.
Efficient Code Region Characterization Through Automatic Performance Counters Reduction Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Harutyunyan Suren , César Eduardo , Sikora Anna , Filipovič Jiří , Dutta Akash , Jannesari Ali , Alcaraz Jordi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLeveraging hardware performance counters provides valuable insights into system resource utilization, aiding performance analysis and tuning for parallel applications. The available counters vary with architecture and are collected at execution time. Their abundance and the limited number of registers for measurement make gathering laborious and costly. Efficient characterization of parallel regions necessitates a dimension reduction strategy. While recent efforts have focused on manually reducing the number of counters for specific architectures, this paper introduces a novel approach: an automatic dimension reduction technique for efficiently characterizing parallel code regions across diverse architectures. The methodology is based on Machine Learning ensembles because of their precision and ability at capturing different relationships between the input features and the target variables. Evaluation results show that ensembles can successfully reduce the number of hardware performance counters that characterize a code region. We validate our approach on CPUs using a comprehensive dataset of OpenMP regions, showing that any region can be accurately characterized by 8 relevant hardware performance counters. In addition, we also apply the proposed methodology on GPUs using a reduced set of kernels, demonstrating its effectiveness across various hardware configurations and workloads.
Inference with Transformer Encoders on ARM and RISC-V Multicore Processors
Authors: Martínez Héctor , Igual Francisco D. , Rodríguez-Sánchez Rafael , Catalán Sandra , Castelló Adrián , Quintana-Ortí Enrique S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe delve into the performance of transformer encoder inference on low-power multi-core processors from two perspectives: First, we conduct a detailed profile of the inference process for two members of the BERT family on a modern multi-core processor, identifying the main bottlenecks and opportunities for improvement. Second, we propose a number of accumulative optimisations for their primary building blocks. For that, we elaborate our own implementation of the general matrix multiplication (), which dynamically tunes several key parameters yielding relevant performance gains for transformer encoders. Additionally, we introduce a number of strategies to also improve the parallel execution of the transformer block.Our implementations for ARMv8a and RISC-V multi-core processors with SIMD units, taking as a reference state-of-the-art implementations (BLIS for ARM and OpenBLAS for RISC-V) reveal accelerations of up to $$2.5\times $$

2.5
×

for natural language processing tasks.
Optimizing Communication for Latency Sensitive HPC Applications on up to 48 FPGAs Using ACCL
Authors: Meyer Marius , Kenter Tobias , Petrica Lucian , O’Brien Kenneth , Blott Michaela , Plessl Christian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMost FPGA boards in the HPC domain are well-suited for parallel scaling because of the direct integration of versatile and high-throughput network ports. However, the utilization of their network capabilities is often challenging and error-prone because the whole network stack and communication patterns have to be implemented and managed on the FPGAs. Also, this approach conceptually involves a trade-off between the performance potential of improved communication and the impact of resource consumption for communication infrastructure, since the utilized resources on the FPGAs could otherwise be used for computations. In this work, we investigate this trade-off, firstly, by using synthetic benchmarks to evaluate the different configuration options of the communication framework ACCL and their impact on communication latency and throughput. Finally, we use our findings to implement a shallow water simulation whose scalability heavily depends on low-latency communication. With a suitable configuration of ACCL, good scaling behavior can be shown to all 48 FPGAs installed in the system. Overall, the results show that the availability of inter-FPGA communication frameworks as well as the configurability of framework and network stack are crucial to achieve the best application performance with low latency communication.