bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proximal Small Intestine Bypass Outperforms Roux-en-Y and Jejunoileal Bypass in Glucose Regulation in Streptozotocin‑Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Xu Chiying , Tan Cai , Luo Xin , Yang Kun , Wu Renran , Lin Lei , Liu Guanlei , Duan Jinyuan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background This study aimed to compare the efficacy of modified proximal small intestine bypass (PSIB), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), and conventional jejunoileal bypass (JIB) in weight loss and glucose metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.
Methods Rats with STZ-induced diabetes were randomly divided into PSIB, RYGB, JIB, and sham-operated (sham) groups. Body weight, food intake, fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin tolerance test (ITT), liver function, and blood lipids were measured in rats in each group from 1 to 6 weeks after surgery.
Results No significant difference in the body weight of the rats in the PSIB and RYGB groups was observed postoperatively, whereas the body weight of the rats in the JIB group was significantly lower. The food intake of the rats in all three surgical groups was significantly less than that in the sham group. The PSIB group had a better glucose-lowering effect than the RYGB and JIB groups. Glucose tolerance improved significantly in all three surgical groups at 2 weeks postoperatively; with improved glucose tolerance in the PSIB group than in the RYGB and JIB groups. At postoperative week 2, insulin sensitivity improved only in the PSIB group; however, by postoperative week 6, insulin sensitivity improved significantly in both the PSIB and JIB groups.
Conclusion PSIB demonstrated excellent hypoglycemic effects and OGTT improvements in the early postoperative period, with better efficacy than that of RYGB and JIB. Compared with PSIB and RYGB, conventional JIB was more effective for weight loss.
Objective Assessment of Adherence to Dry Powder Inhalers Attached with Flow Velocity Detection Devices in Asthmatic Children: a cohort study
Authors: Li Shuxian , Song Jiayao , Qi Qi , Zhu Cihang , Yang Xin , Ren Hongxian , Wu Lei , Xie Yicheng , Wang Yingshuo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Suboptimal adherence to asthma medication is one of the major causes of asthma exacerbation. Currently, there is no report on the objective and scientific evaluation of medication adherence among asthmatic children. We aimed to identify and quantify adherence and techniques of using dry powder inhalers (DPIs) among pediatric asthmatic patients with a newly developed electronic device that can monitor the use pattern of DPIs during inhalation.
Methods
A prospective, single-center, observational cohort study was conducted. On discharge from the hospital, pediatric asthmatic patients were given Diskus DPIs with attached electronic devices. The frequency, flow velocity, volume, duration and angle were analyzed to determine the adherence and technical proficiency of DPI use.
Results
Pediatric asthmatic patients (n = 128) with a mean age of 7.8 years, a mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) of 1.5 L, and a mean FEV1% of 93.5% were recruited. Total 4096 results were recorded. The most common error types were short duration (98.8%), low volume (94.5%), wrong angle (33.3%), missed use (27.9%), low peak inspiratory flow rate (PIFR) (24.4%), exhalation (15.8%) and multiple use (0.8%). The mean actual adherence was 0.1% (standard deviation (SD), 0.9%). The errors in Diskus DPI use were correlated with asthmatic children's age, basic lung function, and desensitization treatment status.
Conclusion
Our study is the first to objectively characterize the primary types and proportions of technique errors among asthmatic children using modified Diskus DPIs and revealed that asthmatic children’s real-world actual adherence to DPIs was unsatisfactory.
Elevated fasting serum xylitol levels are associated with a lower risk of incident type 2 diabetes among individuals with prediabetes in the Chinese population
Authors: Ma Jing , Qi Yicheng , Li Xiaoyong , Liu Yu , Wang Meng , Wu Yiming , Su Qing , Qin Li 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Detection of predictors of prediabetes progressing to diabetes are important for exploration the strategy of reversing diabetes. Although polyols have beneficial effects on glycometabolism in clinical intervention studies, little is known about the association between fasting serum polyols of participant with habitual diet and the risk of prediabetes progressing to type 2 diabetes.
Methods
In this nested case-control study, 180 participants with type 2 diabetes developed from prediabetes (progressors), and 180 matched controls (non-progressors) with prediabetes during a 3.5-year follow-up were enrolled. The baseline levels of serum polyols in the fasting state were quantified using time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Multivariate conditional logistic regression was performed to assess the effects of the differentially polyols levels on the risk of incident diabetes.
Results
Baseline fasting xylitol levels, but not sorbitol or erythritol levels, were higer in non-progressors than in progressors (P < 0.001). Non-progressors, compared with progressors, had significantly higer proportions within the third tertile of xylitol levels (71/180 non-progressors [39.4%] vs. 49/180 progressors [27.2%]). After adjusting for potential confounders, the odds ratio of risk for incident diabetes in the highest tertile of xylitol levels was 0.338 (95% confidence interval 0.182–0.628), compared with that in the lowest quartile. In addition, the association between xylitol levels and incident diabetes was persistent in the diabetes subtype with high fasting blood glucose and both high fasting and 2h-postprandial blood glucose, but disappeared in the isolated high 2h-postprandial blood glucose subtype.
Conclusions
Elevated baseline fasting serum xylitol levels are associated with a lower risk of prediabetes progressing to diabetes. This association was particularly evident in the high fasting blood glucose subtype. These findings suggest that fasting serum xylitol levels may serve as an important predictor and protective factor against diabetes development.
Intraoperatively measured prehepatectomy portal vein pressure as a useful predictor of postoperative liver failure
Authors: Nakajima Takayoshi , Ikuta Shinichi , Aihara Tsukasa , Ikuta Lisa , Matsuki Goshi , Fujikawa Masataka , Ichise Noriko , Okamoto Ryo , Nakamoto Yoshihiko , Yanagi Hidenori , Yamanaka Naoki 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Predicting posthepatectomy liver failure (PLF) may be a critical requirement for liver disease patients undergoing hepatectomy. This study retrospectively analyzed the impact of the intraoperatively measured portal vein pressure (PVP) prior to hepatectomy on the prediction of PLF in hepatectomized patients.
Methods
A total of 334 hepatectomized patients in whom the PVP was intraoperatively measured before resection at our institution were enrolled in the present study. Outcomes were assessed according to the International Study Group of Liver Surgery definition and the severity of PLF grading.
Results
Thirty-nine of the 334 patients (11.6%) developed grade B/C PLF. The following factors were significantly associated with grade B/C PLF in a univariate analysis: indocyanine green retention rate after 15 minutes, Child-Pugh score, prehepatectomy PVP, and transfusion (each P < 0.0001). A prehepatectomy PVP value of 19.5 cmH2O was the optimal cutoff value for predicting grade B/C PLF. In a multivariate analysis, prehepatectomy PVP (≥ 19.5 cmH2O) was selected as the most relevant risk factor for grade B/C PLF (P = 0.0003, hazard ratio: 5.96, 95% CI: 1.80–19.70).
Conclusions
Prehepatectomy PVP can serve as a useful predictor of the risk of PLF in patients who have undergone hepatectomy. The results emphasize the possibility of reducing the planned extent of hepatic resection when the prehepatectomy PVP value measured intraoperatively exceeds 19.5 cmH2O, and the importance of predicting the PVP before the operation.
Ionizing radiation altered the expression profiles and intracellular distribution of the circadian gene per1 in mouse brain neuronal cells
Authors: Shao Zhiang , Wang Yuan , Qu Pei , Zheng Zhouhang , Li Yixuan , Wang Wei , Zhang Yanan , Hua Junrui , He Jinpeng , Wei Wenjun , Lu Dong , Xu Dan , Wu Qingfeng , Wang Jufang , Ding Nan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Circadian rhythms are highly conserved in virtually all organisms. They regulate numerous biological functions and keep them synchronized with alterations in the external environment. Environmental factors such as light, temperature and microgravity have been shown to affect circadian rhythms, but the impact of ionizing radiation (IR) on circadian rhythm is still elusive. Here, the transcription and translation of key circadian genes, such as per, clock, cry and bmal1, were detected in mouse brain neurons after 2Gy X-ray or 2Gy carbon ion beam (CIB) irradiation and were compared with those in the unirradiated group. Moreover, the nuclear import of PER1 was detected by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence. The data showed that the expression phase of circadian genes was not significantly impacted by IR in either HT22 or BV2 cells, while the expression levels of per1 were markedly altered by both X-rays and carbon ion beams. Moreover, IR significantly promoted the nuclear import of PER1. Taken together, our findings suggest that IR, as an exogenous factor, disturbs per1 expression and promotes the nuclear import of PER1.
Coastal Vulnerability of Archeological Sites of Southeastern Crete, Greece
Authors: Novikova Anna V. , Argyriou Athanasios V. , Andriopoulou Nafsika C. , Alexandrakis George , Papadopoulos Nikos 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The study assesses the coastal evolution of Southeastern Crete and the vulnerability of archeological sites of the area to coastal erosion. Shoreline dynamics for the period since the 1940s was investigated based on the interpretation of high-resolution aerial photos and satellite images. The set of climatic variables derived from the Copernicus databases, as well as data on geomorphological and geological factors obtained from fieldworks, images interpretation, archives, and open sources, were analyzed. The impact of these variables on coastal dynamics was evaluated through regression analysis, correlating their spatial distribution with rates of shoreline retreat/advance. Based on this analysis, variables for the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) calculation were selected, and the weights for the weighted CVI were determined. Both approaches, the CVI and the weighted CVI, identified the most vulnerable areas as being situated in the north, east, and southeast of Koufonisi island, as well as in the north and east of the Chrisi island. The least vulnerable are the wide beaches in the closed bays in the areas of Gra Lygia, Ierapetra, and Ferma, along with the rocky capes at the east of the Ierapetra area. Two of five archeological sites of the area (Lefki Roman Town and Stomio Roman Villa) are located within the zone of high or very high coastal vulnerability. This study provides the first in-depth analysis of coastal dynamics and coastal vulnerability of the area of Southeastern Crete, which has significant cultural heritage assets but has previously remained under-researched.
Comparison of Different Localization Needles and Postures in Localization of Pulmonary Nodules
Authors: Wang Zengming , Li Bin , Hu Zhonghui , Zhao Qingtao , Zhang Xiaopeng , Zhao Huanfen , Xue Wenfei , Zhao Hongzhen , Duan Guochen , Xu Shun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
With advances in imaging testing and surgical procedures, more and more nodules with smaller diameters and deeper locations have been given surgical indications. The preoperative localization of those nodules is necessary. We conducted a retrospective single-center study comparing the effectiveness and comfort of the four-hook needle and hook-wire needle in terms of localization preoperative. We also compared the effect of different postures taken by patients on localization effectiveness.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the data of 692 patients following preoperative CT-guided localization. Patients were divided into different groups according to the different localization needles and the different postures taken during localization.
Results
There was no statistical difference in total complications between the four-hook needle group and the hook-wire needle group (P > 0.05). The chest pain score in the four-hook needle group was lower than the hook-wire needle group (P = 0.001). The incidence of decoupling in the four-hook needle group was significantly lower than the hook-wire needle group (P < 0.05). The four-hook needle group had better performance in terms of localization operation time, operation time, intraoperative bleeding and first-day drainage (P < 0.05). Compared with the supine and lateral groups, the prone posture group had better performance in total complications and localization operation time, and worse performance in decoupling and chest pain (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The four-hook needle has better effectiveness on localization and comfort in patient than the hook-wire needle, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application. The patient's different postures during localization procedure may affect the localization results.
WITHDRAWN: Comparison of vacuum suction semirigid ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy and flexible ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy for upper ureteral calculi with a diameter ≥ 15mm: a retrospective study
Authors: Lai Longhui , Zhang Yuanfeng , Wang Yingru , Fan Guangrui , Chen Chaohu , Yao Kang , Zhang Wenzhao , Liu Yongfei , Zhu Kai , Xing Jinchun , Bai Peide , Wang Tao , Chen Bin , Wang Zhiping 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To compare the efficacy and safety of vacuum suction semirigid ureteroscopic (Sotn-URS) laser lithotripsy and flexible ureteroscopic (F-URS) laser lithotripsy for the treatment of unilateral upper ureteral calculi with a diameter ³ 15mm.
Methods
This study included 153 patients with upper ureteral calculi who met the criteria. Of these, Sotn-URS laser lithotripsy was performed on 96 patients, while F-URS laser lithotripsy was administered to 57 patients. The clinical data of the two groups were retrospectively analyzed and compared to the operative time, postoperative hospitalization time, stone-free rate (SFR), complication rate and success rate of ureteral sheath (UAS) placement of the two groups. Based on calculi computed tomography(CT) numerical value ≥1000 Hu, subgroup analysis was carried out for both groups.
Results
Surgery was successfully completed in both groups. In comparison to the F-URS group, the Sotn-URS group witnessed a reduced operative time (45.82±18.81 vs. 54.21±23.05 min; P = 0.036), a higher SFR of one day after operation (47.92% vs. 24.56%; P = 0.004), a higher SFR of one month after operation (87.50% vs. 73.68%; P = 0.030), and lower rate of complications (7.3% vs. 19.3%; P =0.026). When the success rate of UAS placement and postoperative hospitalization time were compared, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Subgroup analyses revealed that the Sotn-URS group had a shorter operative time,a higher SFR of one day after operation, and fewer complications than the F-URS group. (P<0.05).
Conclusion
For the treatment of unilateral upper ureteral calculi with a diameter ³ 15mm, Sotn-URS presents advantages over F-URS, including shorter operative time, a greater SFR, and fewer complications.
The Vascular Supply to the Lateral Compartment of the Leg with Emphasis on Fibular Graft Harvesting
Authors: Apaydin Nihal , Balci Aybegum , Kendir Simel , Loukas Marios , Tubbs Richard S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this study is to determine the exact locations of vascular pedicles that supply the fibularis longus and brevis, to identify the morphometric features of those vessels in the lateral compartment of the leg, and to indicate the branching points of the pedicles from the main arteries.
Methods
The popliteal arteries of 40 lower limbs from 20 adult cadavers (12 males, eight females) were injected with colored latex bilaterally. Following dissection, the branches were counted, and the distances between the apex of the head of the fibula and the branching points of pedicles from the anterior tibial, fibular, and posterior tibial arteries that supply the fibularis longus and brevis were measured.
Results
In all cases, a single artery coursing in the lateral compartment of the leg was identified; it was a branch of the anterior tibial artery and it supplied the proximal and middle thirds of the fibular muscles anteriorly. The mean distance between the origin of this artery and the apex of the fibular head was 8.65 cm. Its mean length was 10.9 cm and the mean number of its branches was 4.7. In all specimens, the fibular artery supplied the proximal and distal portions of the fibular muscles posteriorly.
Conclusions
In this study, the morphometric properties and branching patterns of the axial pedicle of ATA, which runs longitudinally in the lateral compartment and branches to the FL and FB, are described in detail for the first time. We propose that this artery be named the lateral fibular artery. If this nomenclature is accepted, the fibular artery can be renamed the posterior fibular artery.
Wnt/BDNF pathway mediates autism-like behaviors induced by prenatal subclinical hypothyroidism in male neonatal rats
Authors: LIU DIJIE , Tao Kai , Sun Ying , Hao Jialin , Wang Shiyong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Epidemiological studies have illuminated that abnormal maternal thyroid function in early pregnancy escalates the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring by nearly fourfold. However, the exact mechanism by which maternal thyroid dysfunction affects the risk of ASD in the offspring remains unknown. Early pregnancy emerges as a pivotal juncture for fetal brain development, with the fetus heavily reliant on maternal thyroid hormones for its neurological maturation. Our investigation unveils a striking correlation: mothers afflicted by perinatal subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) tend to have male offspring displaying marked ASD-like behavioral anomalies, typified by conspicuous diminution in social interactions and repetitive behavioral patterns. Furthermore, we discerned a substantial reduction in neuron count within critical brain regions among offspring of SCH mothers, suggestive of underlying neurodegeneration or developmental impediments. Moreover, diminished levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), and Bcl-2 were noted in the hippocampal region of SCH offspring, juxtaposed with a noteworthy upregulation of mTOR expression and downregulation of Wnt. These findings coalesce to suggest that the Wnt-mediated signaling pathway, in concert with its interplay with the downstream target BDNF, might underpin one of the mechanisms by which maternal SCH predisposes offspring to autism-like behaviors.
The eGFR parameter model helps predict blood drug concentration of amisulpride in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Wang Qi , Qu Kankan , Wang Shushan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to examine inter-patient variability in amisulpride levels, using a multiple regression model with a dataset acquired from Chinese patients with schizophrenia.
Methods
Plasma concentrations of amisulpride (153 data from 128 patients) were analyzed by four-covariate model and eGFR model and were validated using goodness-of-fit and external prediction ability analyses. The amisulpride levels were detected by 2D-LC-UV system.
Results
The eGFR model adequately characterized amisulpride levels with adjusted R2 0.457. The dose and eGFR values significantly affected concentrations, as follows: amisulpride concentration = 838.561–9.169*eGFR + 1.273*dose. To remain below the laboratory alert level, recommended dose should remain below 300 mg/d, 500 mg/d, and 700 mg/d for patients with eGFR of 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, 90 ml/min/1.73 m2, and 120 ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively. Once and twice daily treatment regiments yielded comparable trough concentration values.
Conclusion
The eGFR model is simpler and more accurate in predicting the concentration of AMI, and provides an evaluation method for safe and individualized use of AMI.
Perceptions of using smartwatches for the early detection of cardiac arrhythmias
Authors: AlKhalaf Rabab A. , AlKhudair Abdullah M. , AlSheikh Eman , AlMousa Walaa H. , AlHadab Fatemah S. , Alshareet Fatimah Y. , AlSultan Norah H. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: As there is a growing trend toward a healthy lifestyle, wearable fitness trackers, such as smartwatches, are gaining interest in mentoring and detecting health issues earlier, particularly cardiac arrhythmia. Subsequently, there have been concerns about the accuracy of smartwatches and the results they generate. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore the public perception of using smartwatches for the early detection of cardiac arrhythmia, along with the current use of smartwatches among adults in five major regions of Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to October 2023. The study involved participants who were Saudi or non-Saudi, aged 22 or older, and who were willing to participate and share their perceptions of using smartwatches for the early detection of cardiac arrhythmia. The data were collected and recorded via a questionnaire that measures the current usage and public perceptions of wearable technology. The questionnaire was completed through face-to-face interviews with participants who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results: Our study revealed that the use of wearable fitness trackers is remarkably high. Nearly half of the participants (46.4%) reported actively using wearable technologies for health monitoring, with smartwatches being the most popular choice (42.0%). The factors affecting the use of these devices seem to be centered on age, education level, and income. Among 46.4% of users, 14.8% experienced the benefits of detecting irregular heartbeats. However, 49.5% of smartwatch users do not use an electrocardiogram (ECG) for monitoring.
Conclusion: There is growing interest in the use of wearable fitness trackers, especially smartwatches, for monitoring health issues such as cardiac arrhythmia. The positive perception of using this technology for the early detection of cardiac arrhythmia was significantly related to age and previous usage of these devices.