bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measles in Children Vaccinated With 2 Doses of MMR
Authors: Defay Fannie , De Serres Gaston , Skowronski Danuta M. , Boulianne Nicole , Ouakki Manale , Landry Monique , Brousseau Nicholas , Ward Brian J. 
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVE:A previous measles outbreak investigation in a high school in Quebec, Canada identified 2-dose vaccine effectiveness of 94%. The risk of measles in 2-dose recipients was significantly higher (2–4 times) when measles vaccine was first administered at 12 versus ≥15 months of age, with no significant effect of the age at second dose. Generalizability of this association was also assessed in the expanded provincial data set of notified cases.METHODS:This matched case–control study included only 2-dose recipients. All confirmed (laboratory or epidemiologically linked) cases in patients aged 5 to 17 years were included. Each case was matched to 5 controls.RESULTS:A total of 102 cases and 510 controls were included; 89% of cases were in patients 13 to 17 years old. When the first dose was administered at 12 to 13 months compared with ≥15 months of age, the risk of measles in participants outside the outbreak school was 6 times higher (95% confidence interval, 1.33–29.3) and was 5.2 times higher (95% confidence interval, 1.91–14.3) in the pooled estimate (participants from the outbreak school + outside that school).CONCLUSIONS:A significantly greater risk of measles among 2-dose recipients whose first dose was given at 12 to 13 months rather than ≥15 months of age is confirmed in the larger Quebec data set. The mechanism remains unknown, but vaccine failures in 2-dose recipients could have substantial implications for measles elimination efforts through 2-dose vaccination. The optimal age at first dose may warrant additional evaluation.
Health Outcomes Associated With Transition From Pediatric to Adult Cystic Fibrosis Care
Authors: Tuchman Lisa , Schwartz Michael 
Published: October 2013

BACKGROUND:Almost half of individuals who have cystic fibrosis (CF) are over 18 years old, thus safely transferring patients from pediatric to adult care is a priority. The purpose of this study is to compare youth transferred from pediatric to adult CF care versus those remaining in pediatric CF care and quantify the relationship between transfer status and health outcomes.METHODS:Patients who transferred from pediatric to adult CF care were identified from the CF Foundation Patient Registry from 1997 to 2007. Transferred patients were compared with individuals who have similar baseline characteristics who remained in pediatric care throughout the same time period. The main outcome measures include pulmonary function, nutritional status, care use, and home intravenous antibiotic events per year. A propensity-matched analysis was performed.RESULTS:Fifty-eight percent of patients remained in pediatric programs throughout the study period. The mean age at transfer to adult care was 21.2 (1.3) years. In the 2 years after transfer there was a less rapid decline in percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second of 0.78 percentage points per year among transfer-positive patients compared with transfer-negative ones (95% confidence interval; 0.06–1.51); there were no other significant health related changes.CONCLUSIONS:The current study contradicts reports of other chronic childhood conditions, in which transfer between the pediatric and adult health system was associated with adverse health outcomes. Further research is needed to explore the long-term relationship between transition practices and health status outcomes to establish a systematic, evidence-based transition process.
Microbial Contamination of Human Milk Purchased Via the Internet
Authors: Keim Sarah A. , Hogan Joseph S. , McNamara Kelly A. , Gudimetla Vishnu , Dillon Chelsea E. , Kwiek Jesse J. , Geraghty Sheela R. 
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVE:
To quantify microbial contamination of human milk purchased via the Internet as an indicator of disease risk to recipient infants.

METHODS:
Cross-sectional sample of human milk purchased via a popular US milk-sharing Web site (2012). Individuals advertising milk were contacted to arrange purchase, and milk was shipped to a rented mailbox in Ohio. The Internet milk samples (n = 101) were compared with unpasteurized samples of milk donated to a milk bank (n = 20).

RESULTS:
Most (74%) Internet milk samples were colonized with Gram-negative bacteria or had &gt;104 colony-forming units/mL total aerobic count. They exhibited higher mean total aerobic, total Gram-negative, coliform, and Staphylococcus sp counts than milk bank samples. Growth of most species was positively associated with days in transit (total aerobic count [log10 colony-forming units/mL] β = 0.71 [95% confidence interval: 0.38–1.05]), and negatively associated with number of months since the milk was expressed (β = −0.36 [95% confidence interval: −0.55 to −0.16]), per simple linear regression. No samples were HIV type 1 RNA-positive; 21% of Internet samples were cytomegalovirus DNA-positive.

CONCLUSIONS:
Human milk purchased via the Internet exhibited high overall bacterial growth and frequent contamination with pathogenic bacteria, reflecting poor collection, storage, or shipping practices. Infants consuming this milk are at risk for negative outcomes, particularly if born preterm or are medically compromised. Increased use of lactation support services may begin to address the milk supply gap for women who want to feed their child human milk but cannot meet his or her needs.
Avoiding Endotracheal Ventilation to Prevent Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Fischer Hendrik S. , Bührer Christoph 
Published: October 2013

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Mechanical ventilation via an endotracheal tube is a risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), one of the most common morbidities of very preterm infants. Our objective was to investigate the effect that strategies to avoid endotracheal mechanical ventilation (eMV) have on the incidence of BPD in preterm infants &lt;30 weeks’ gestational age (GA).METHODS:In February 2013, we searched the databases Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Study selection criteria included randomized controlled trials published in peer-reviewed journals since the year 2000 that compared preterm infants &lt;30 weeks’ GA treated by using a strategy aimed at avoiding eMV with a control group in which mechanical ventilation via an endotracheal tube was performed at an earlier stage. Data were extracted and analyzed by using the standard methods of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group. The authors independently assessed study eligibility and risk of bias, extracted data and calculated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, employing RevMan version 5.1.6.RESULTS:We identified 7 trials that included a total of 3289 infants. The combined odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of death or BPD was 0.83 (0.71–0.96). The number needed to treat was 35. The study results were remarkably homogeneous. Avoiding eMV had no influence on the incidence of severe intraventricular hemorrhage.CONCLUSIONS:Strategies aimed at avoiding eMV in infants &lt;30 weeks’ GA have a small but significant beneficial impact on preventing BPD.
Robotsebészet
Authors: Sándor József , Haidegger Tamás , Kormos Katalin , Ferencz Andrea , Csukás Domokos , Bráth Endre , Szabó Györgyi , Wéber György 
Published: October 2013

Absztrakt
A laparoscopos cholecystectomia gyors elterjedése a világon lényegesen átformálta a sebészi tevékenységet. Az új technika a hasi és a mellkasi műtéteknél egyaránt lehetőséget nyújtott a minimálisan invazív behatolásra, annak valamennyi előnyével. Az ipari alkalmazásokhoz már korábban kifejlesztett robottechnika összekapcsolódott a laparoscopos műtétekkel. A létrejött robotasszisztált sebészet ergonómiailag előnyösebb a műtétet végző sebésznek, ugyanakkor a megőrzött háromdimenziós látásmóddal végzett pontosabb preparálás előnyös a beteg számára. A robotsebészeti rendszerek árának csökkenésével, az újabb generációs, továbbfejlesztett berendezések megjelenésével a napi sebészi tevékenység átalakulása várható.
Latent Homeless Risk Profiles of a National Sample of Homeless Veterans and Their Relation to Program Referral and Admission Patterns
Authors: Tsai Jack , Kasprow Wesley J. , Rosenheck Robert A. 
Published: October 2013

Objectives. We identified risk and need profiles of homeless veterans and examined the relation between profiles and referrals and admissions to Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) homeless service programs. Methods. We examined data from the VA’s new Homeless Operations Management and Evaluation System on 120 852 veterans from 142 sites nationally in 2011 and 2012 using latent class analyses based on 9 homeless risk factors. The final 4-class solution compared both referral and admission to VA homeless services. Results. We identified 4 latent classes: relatively few problems, dual diagnosis, poverty–substance abuse–incarceration, and disabling medical problems. Homeless veterans in the first group were more likely to be admitted to the VA’s permanent supportive housing program, whereas those in the second group were more likely to be admitted to more restrictive VA residential treatment. Homeless veterans in the third group were more likely to be admitted to the VA’s prisoner re-entry program, and those in the fourth group were more likely to be directed to VA medical services. Conclusions. The heterogeneous risk and need profiles of homeless veterans supported the diversity of VA homeless services and encouraged the development of specialized services to meet their diverse needs.
Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Homelessness and the Impact of Axis I and II Disorders
Authors: Roos Leslie E. , Mota Natalie , Afifi Tracie O. , Katz Laurence Y. , Distasio Jino , Sareen Jitender 
Published: October 2013

Objectives. We investigated the links between homelessness associated with serious mental and physical healthy disparities and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in nationally representative data, with Axis I and II disorders as potential mediators. Methods. We examined data from the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions in 2001–2002 and 2004–2005, and included 34 653 participants representative of the noninstitutionalized US population who were 20 years old or older. We studied the variables related to 4 classes of Axis I disorders, all 10 Axis II personality disorders, a wide range of ACEs, and a lifetime history of homelessness. Results. Analyses revealed high prevalences of each ACE in individuals experiencing lifetime homelessness (17%–60%). A mediation model with Axis I and II disorders determined that childhood adversities were significantly related to homelessness through direct effects (adjusted odd ratios = 2.04, 4.24) and indirect effects, indicating partial mediation. Population attributable fractions were also reported. Conclusions. Although Axis I and II disorders partially mediated the relationship between ACEs and homelessness, a strong direct association remained. This novel finding has implications for interventions and policy. Additional research is needed to understand relevant causal pathways.
Multi-Realisation Full-Field History-Matching For CBM Resources a New Approach with Global Optimisation Coupled with Geo-Statistical Filtering
Authors: Alessio Laurent D. , Nasri Haitham , Pan Sophoana , Clement Lee Thian , Peng Chua Ket 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
CBM reservoirs are known to exhibit a large degree of variability in production characteristics and performance at the inter-well space. This is a consequence of the variable nature of the fractured permeability network, but also other important measurable parameters such as gas content, isotherms, and much more difficult to measure ones such as porosity, relative permeability and matrix shrinkage.
Once the field is on production for a period of time, operators often wish to perform a history-match of the asset, to determine the remaining production potential, and the most adequate future development activities. Traditionally, this exercise is conducted with numerical models.
An unfortunate reality of history matching is the existence of multiple solutions, which will behave differently when forecasted in the future. This is a consequence of the fact that multiple parameters influence the match and their inter- dependency produces effects that are may compensate each other; many of these parameters are generally either poorly understood and/or highly variable at the inter-well scale. In addition, most of the critical parameters for dynamic performance are not measured in well logs, nor seismic (which often is not available) – only through more expensive activities such as coring and production testing.
Given this reality, using the classical conventional gas workflows for the implementation of 3D history matched models for CBM fields is shown to be inefficient since the transition from the reservoir characterization to the static modelling is insufficiently constrained, and doesn’t include the production performance of the existing wells.
In order to adapt the classical workflows to the complex case of CBM fields, we introduce in this paper a filtering process based on geo-statistical constraints which uses the single well stochastic history matches to generate field matches and invest the matched drainage areas on the generation of "average properties" maps.
These maps can thereafter be used as input into the infill drilling analysis and the resource assessment studies, but also introduced into the static model to condition the property model, and achieve a field history-match which much more closely reproduces the production behavior of individual wells.
Risk Assessment Technology Research on CO2 Injection Wellbore
Authors: Feng Wang , Yu Liu Chang , Qing Li , Kuiwu Li , Deping Zhang 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
CO2 flooding experiment is conducted on the old well after water flooding, without taking into account such designs as CO2 corrosion control and gas seal. There are more wellbore weak links. In order to meet the demand of the long-term safe CO2 flooding, safety risk assessment is required.
Wellbore risk assessment process and evaluation template is established.. Integrated application of cementing quality detection, casing condition and annual pressure evaluation technology, safety risk assessment technology of CO2 flooding has formed and established wellbore risk assessment on CO2 flooding wells converted from water flooding mature wells.
This technology has been widely applied in CO2 flooding test in Daqinzi, jilin oilfield, comprehensively evaluating safety condition of old wellbore, screening suitable CO2 flooding well and assessing annulus pressure condition of injection well to ensure the long-term safe CO2 flooding.
Production Maximization and Sustainability Based on Operational Optimization & Reliability Enhancement of Wellhead Compressors
Authors: Albani Danilo , Foglie Giangrazio Delle , Pichierri Giacinto Paolo , Khan Ahmad Ali , Ferretti Carlo , Sattar Abdul 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Eni Pakistan limited, an oil and gas company, is the operator of gas processing plant which receives raw gas from two different fields, Field A with 13 wells and Field B with 03 wells, in order to process gas in three parallel processing trains to meet sales gas specification.
The Field A gas field development was sanctioned in November 2000 and came into full production in March 2003 while Field B first gas was achieved in 2008. In order to meet the country’s emerging gas demand and to counter far the natural reservoir depletion, 10 Wellhead Compression Packages (09 at Field A and 01 at Field B wells) were installed with the aim of exploiting the already discovered reserves and production optimization by extending the plateau and field viable life. Two standard sizes of reciprocting Wellhead compression packages were installed with Nominal capacities of 3.3MW compressor for 110 MMSCFD and 1.9MW compressor for 74 MMSCFD flow at a minimum suction pressu e of 100Psiig with discharge pressure of 850 Psig. Each compression unit has its own power generation and control / safety systems.
The operational challenges of depleting fields and soaring demand of productiion sustainability requires operational optimization through compressors reconfiguration integrated with a comprehensive and effective Asset Integrity and Reliability Management system. This laid the foundations of operational excellence though a proactive result oriented approach. The two pronged approa hes were based on CE (Cause and Effect) which resulted in achieving a reliability factor of 98.75% over cumulative operational span of more than 200,000 hours.
This paper shares the lessons learned in the due course of Operational life, emphasizing on the best maintenance practices along with the process of optimization campaign for operational efficiency and to sustain production. Nevertheless, the integrated approach and collaboration between reservoir, operations, maintenance and project team was the key to achieve such excellent results. A systematic methodology from proposal to execution of reconfiguration activities is also briefly explained.
Prediction of Mobile Water in a Tight Gas Sandstone Reservoir using NMR and Fractional Flow Model
Authors: Anantawati M. , Bulgauda S. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
One of the objectives of petrophysical interpretation is the estimation of the respective volumes of formation fluids. With traditional interpretation using conventional openhole logs it is only possible to determine the total amount of water. The challenge is to determine the volumes of bound water(clay-bound and capillary-bound) and free water. At the moment, NMR is the only measurement that can help distinguish the volumes of each water component (clay-bound, capillary-bound and mobile), using cut-offs on T2 (transverse relaxation time). However NMR interpretation also requires information on reservoir properties. Alternatively, steady-state relative permeability and fractional flow of water can be used to determine the potential of mobile water.
The study area, located in the Cooper Basin, South Australia, is the target of a planned gas development project in the Patchawarra formation. It comprises multiple stacked fluvial sands which are heterogeneous, tight and of low deliverability. The sands are completed with multi-stage pin-point fracturing as a key enabling technology for the area.
A comprehensive set of data, including conventional logs, cores and NMR logs, were acquired. Routine and special core analysis were performed, including NMR, electrical properties, centrifuge capillary pressure, high-pressure mercury injection, and full curve steady state relative permeability. A fractional flow model was built based on core and NMR data to determine potential mobile water and the results are compared with production logs.
Selective Acid Stimulation Using Two Different New Technologies-Case Histories from a Saudi Arabian Oil Field
Authors: Baruah Keshab , Al-Otaibi Nashi M. , Al-Ghamdi Hammam M. , Al-Subaie Fehead M. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Carbonate acidizing is very common in the oil industry. In the case of mature heterogeneous reservoirs with different permeabilities and high water cut, stimulation in these reservoirs can be a real challenge. Major technology developments in well stimulation over the last few years are evident in numerous publications. Two new technologies currently in the spotlight were applied in a matured SaudiArabian oil field.
This paper addresses case studies of selective stimulation using a fiber optic enabled coiled tubing (FOECT) system combined with smart chemicals where real-time distributed temperature sensing technology facilitated instant decision process of temporary zonal isolation, fluid placement and treatment efficiency evaluation. The paper also describes another acid stimulation technology used in the same matured field where the completion is equipped with a multistage stimulation completion designed toselectively treat different reservoir sections using a ball drop mechanism. Candidate selection, treatment design, execution, and post job evaluation for both the technologies will be discussed in the paper. Lessons learned and experience gained to optimize similar future jobs will be included in this paper.
Managed Pressure Drilling - A Solution for Drilling the Challenging and Un-Drillable Wells in Vietnam and South East Asia
Authors: Gedge Ben , Dalgit Singh Harpreet Kaur , Refugio Elsofron , Ta Quoc Bao , Bot Nguyen Viet 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) has been deployed in Vietnam for six (6) years since 2007 to address a number of drilling and reservoir challenges, and has delivered considerable success in many cases. Twenty five (25) separate projects have been performed over the six (6) year period, in a range of formations and with different types of rigs.
The main application of MPD Technology has been in the following reservoir and formation types where the challenges are being encountered: granite basement, fractured and vugular carbonates, High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) and over pressured clastics. MPD has not been applied as yet in deepwater, but its application is being viewed with interest by operators in Vietnam planning deep water operations, following its successful deployment in other regions of South East Asia.
The types of rigs on which the technology has and is being applied are all offshore, and include Jack-Ups, Semi-Submersibles and a Platform rig supported by Semi-Submersible Drilling Tender Assist barge.
The paper will examine and discuss the different procedural approach of MPD Technology used today including Constant Bottom Hole Pressure – Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD) management, Early Kick Detection, and Pressurized Mud Cap Drilling (PMCD). MPD has mainly been used in reservoir sections, but by no means exclusively, for example in carbonate loss zones which may or may not contain gas, for Rate of Penetration (ROP) gain and ECD management in intermediate hole sections.
Three (3) case histories will be presented within the paper addressing the different applications and formations in which the technology has been applied in Vietnam. This includes achieving an additional 800 meters of a granite basement reservoir section, reducing the fluid losses, improving ROP, reduction of Non – Productive Time (NPT) and post drilling clean up, by 60 – 70%, compared with previous wells in the field. The drilling of HPHT and over pressured clastic formations with an extremely narrow kick – loss tolerance, where there is a high risk of fracturing the formation or inducing a serious kick, if the hydraulic profile of the well is not successfully managed.
The pre-planning, engineering, equipment utilized, and adaption of the drilling rig to facilitate the successful deployment of MPD Technology will all be discussed, to clearly demonstrate what is required to deliver a successful MPD project and the well objectives.