bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of supramaximal stimulation to predict facial nerve outcomes following vestibular schwannoma microsurgery: results from a decade of experience
Authors: Schmitt William R. , Daube Jasper R. , Carlson Matthew L. , Mandrekar Jayawant N. , Beatty Charles W. , Neff Brian A. , Driscoll Colin L. , Link Michael J. 
Published: November 2012

Object
The goal of vestibular schwannoma surgery is tumor removal and preservation of neural function. Intraoperative facial nerve (FN) monitoring has emerged as the standard of care, but its role in predicting long-term facial function remains a matter of debate. The present report seeks to describe and critically assess the value of applying current at supramaximal levels in an effort to identify patients destined for permanent facial paralysis.

Methods
Over more than a decade, the protocol for stimulating and assessing the FN during vestibular schwannoma surgery at the authors' institution has consisted of applying pulsed constant-current stimulation at supramaximal levels proximally and distally following tumor resection to generate an amplitude ratio, which subtracted from 100% yields the degree to which the functional integrity of the FN “dropped off” intraoperatively. These data were prospectively collected and additional variables that might impact postoperative FN function were retrospectively reviewed from the medical record. Only patients with anatomically intact FNs and > 12 months of follow-up data were analyzed.

Results
There were 267 patients available for review. The average posterior fossa tumor diameter was 24 mm and the rate of long-term good (House-Brackmann Grade I–II) FN function was 84%. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that prior treatment, neurofibromatosis Type 2 status, tumor size, cerebellopontine angle extension, subjectively thinned FN at the time of operation, minimal stimulation threshold, percent dropoff by supramaximal stimulation (SMS), and postoperative FN function all correlated statistically (p < 0.05) with long-term FN function. When evaluating patients with significant FN weakness at the time of hospital discharge, only the percent dropoff by SMS remained a significant predictor of long-term FN function. However, the positive predictive value of SMS for long-term weakness is low, at 46%.

Conclusions
In a large cohort of patients, the authors found that interrogating intraoperative FN function with SMS is safe and technically simple. It is useful for predicting which patients will ultimately have good facial function, but is very limited in identifying patients destined for long-term facial weakness. This test may prove helpful in the future in tailoring less than gross-total tumor removal to limit postoperative facial weakness.
Le débat philosophique autour des Formes élémentaires (1912-1914)
Authors: Soulié Stéphan 
Published: November 2012

Résumé Si la publication des Formes élémentaires de la vie religieuse est saluée comme un événement scientifique majeur, les thèses de Durkheim suscitent des réserves au sein de la communauté philosophique. Tout d’abord, l’affirmation selon laquelle la sociologie échapperait au conflit entre science et religion ne convainc guère. D’autre part, la discussion, parfois polémique, réactive un argumentaire déjà ancien contre le « sociologisme » et met en évidence l’articulation problématique, au cœur du programme durkheimien, de la démarche scientifique et de l’ambition philosophique. Davantage que la théorie de la religion élaborée par Durkheim, son prolongement en direction d’une théorie sociologique de la connaissance heurte de front la « tradition philosophique ». Enfin, la réception des Formes élémentaires révèle l’ambiguïté du déploiement, à l’intérieur d’un cadre de pensée rationaliste et laïque, d’une « apologétique » sociologique mettant l’accent sur la « vertu dynamogénique » de la religion, sur sa fonction morale. De façon générale, la discussion témoigne d’une résistance à la prétention affichée par Durkheim de renouveler la spéculation philosophique à partir de la sociologie.
Les Formes élémentaires et la sociologie contemporaine
Authors: Coenen-Huther Jacques 
Published: November 2012

Résumé La théorie de la religion présentée dans Les Formes élémentaires de la vie religieuse est l’un des aspects les plus discutés de l’œuvre de Durkheim. Des critiques ont été formulées à plusieurs points de vue. Le livre a cependant continué à susciter les commentaires des exégètes. On aurait pu néanmoins s’attendre à ce que son rayonnement faiblisse. C’est pourtant l’inverse qui s’est produit. L’ouvrage a suscité un regain d’intérêt dans les dernières décennies du xx e siècle. Au cours des années 1930, Parsons avait déjà souligné l’importance du symbolisme dans Les Formes élémentaires . Cette dimension symbolique fut une source d’inspiration pour les travaux de Bellah, d’Alexander et de Habermas. Quant à Boudon, c’est l’élément rationaliste de la théorie durkheimienne qui attira son attention. L’argumentation présentée dans le livre est à ses yeux une contribution majeure à la sociologie de la connaissance.
L'évolution de la peine de mort dans la Grèce moderne : réflexion sur l'opposition entre peine capitale et dignité humaine
Authors: Chalanouli Christina 
Published: November 2012

Résumé	Cet article part d’une réflexion très simple à savoir que la peine de mort est injuste dans sa nature. Pour fonder notre point de vue nous avons essayé de l’illustrer à partir de la présentation de l’évolution à la fois historique et doctrinale de la peine capitale dans l’État grec moderne. Nous avons souligné qu’elle nie la dignité humaine, parce qu’elle transforme l’homme en moyen de la société politique, alors qu’elle est censée toujours être sa fin.
Crise écologique : vers un jardin des pays riches
Authors: Bouleau Nicolas 
Published: November 2012

Vingt ans après le sommet de Rio, qu’en est-il des négociations internationales sur l’environnement ? Force est de constater que bien peu de choses ont été faites, si bien que c’est un choix par défaut qui s’impose : faute d’investir aujourd’hui, on reporte les décisions à demain. Ce qui veut dire que nous acceptons de fait une « écologie à deux vitesses », entre les pays qui auront les moyens de limiter les dégâts de la crise environnementale, et ceux qui seront démunis face aux risques écologiques.
Métamorphose de l'espace public
Authors: Mongin Olivier 
Published: November 2012

À l’heure où les lieux publics se font moins monumentaux, où l’espace virtuel semble parfois prendre le pas sur l’espace matériel, comment repenser l’espace public ? Les rues, les places sont trop souvent modelées, balisées ; il s’agit donc de reconfigurer ces lieux de passage pour retrouver une diversité des vitesses, des échelles, dans l’arpentage de l’espace public.
Les espaces ouverts de Rogelio Salmona à Bogotá
Authors: Mongin Olivier 
Published: November 2012

L’architecte franco-colombien Rogelio Salmona a marqué Bogotá de son empreinte ; ses projets s’inscrivent dans une attention au contexte, au site, au lieu, qui en fait de véritables espaces publics, privilégiant l’accès du plus grand nombre et la lisibilité du bâtiment qui s’inscrit dans un environnement naturel, mais aussi social.
Beckett. Au creux des mots
Authors: Roth Berta 
Published: November 2012

L’œuvre de Samuel Beckett se dessine dans ses pièces de théâtre comme une ligne inéluctable qui lie la naissance et la mort. Comme il le dit lui-même, « celle de la mise en route et celui de la mise en corbeille ». Dès le début, les personnages de Beckett commencent par se taire, jusqu’à ce qu’à la fin, l’acte scénique devienne des balbutiements. Les silences, le rythme, les différentes sonorités, la musicalité, étaient pour Beckett, dans ses mises en scène, plus importants que la symbolique des mots. Son effort, en ce qui concerne son écriture était, précisément, de traiter les mots comme des choses qui se donnent à voir.
Cyrano de Bergerac. Le corps et la voix d'un destin
Authors: Léon Julien 
Published: November 2012

Dans cet article l’auteur propose un aperçu de l’intrication entre sa propre sédimentation inconsciente, sa pratique, et le personnage de Cyrano de Bergerac mis en scène par Edmond Rostand. L’auteur montre comment les questionnements de Cyrano ont rencontré ceux d’un jeune homme devenu psychologue se revendiquant de la psychanalyse, et ressurgi au travers de questions agitées par les patients. Avec une préoccupation plus épistémologique : la place de la psychanalyse comme résistance possible.
Results of Corneal Collagen Cross-linking in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Arora Ritu , Gupta Deepa , Goyal Jawahar Lal , Jain Parul 
Published: November 2012

PURPOSE:
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in the treatment of keratoconus in pediatric patients.

METHODS:
Epithelium-off CXL using the standard protocol was performed in 15 eyes from 15 patients (age range: 10 to 15 years) with moderate keratoconus in 1 eye and advanced disease in the fellow eye. Principal outcomes included uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refraction, and topography-derived outcomes of maximum and average keratometry (K).

RESULTS:

Mean uncorrected distance visual acuity improved significantly from 1.00±0.30 (20/200) to 0.72±0.29 (20/100) logMAR (
P
=.035) and mean CDVA from 0.56±0.21 (20/70) to 0.30±0.15 (20/40) logMAR (
P
=.003) at the end of 12 months. Mean change in apical K (1.01±2.40 diopters) was also significant (
P
=.004). No significant complications were noted.

CONCLUSIONS:
Corneal collagen CXL was found to be safe and effective in the first 12 months for keratoconus in children with similar initial efficacy as in adults in terms of improvement in visual and topographic outcomes.
In Vivo Imaging of Riboflavin Penetration During Collagen Cross-linking With Hand-held Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Malhotra Chintan , Shetty Rohit , Kumar Rajesh S. , Veluri Himabindu , Nagaraj Harsha , Shetty K. Bhujang 
Published: November 2012

PURPOSE:
To compare the effect of complete versus grid-like epithelial removal on riboflavin penetration during collagen cross-linking (CXL) in vivo using hand-held spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT, Bioptigen Inc).

METHODS:
In this prospective, observational, comparative case series, patients with progressive keratoconus undergoing CXL with riboflavin and ultraviolet A (UVA) light were enrolled. Twenty eyes (20 patients) undergoing CXL using 0.1% riboflavin and UVA light (365 nm) were imaged intraoperatively at 30 and 60 minutes after starting the procedure, using hand-held spectral domain OCT. In 10 eyes, the epithelium was removed completely in the central 7-mm zone (complete removal group) whereas in the remaining 10 eyes, the epithelium was removed in a grid pattern, leaving behind intact islands of epithelium (grid-like removal group). The depth of hyperreflective band (representing penetration of riboflavin) in the anterior corneal stroma was measured.

RESULTS:

In the complete removal group, the hyper-reflective band was homogenous, extending to a mean depth of 54.2±5.2
μ
m and 72.4±7.1
μ
m at 30 and 60 minutes, respectively (
P
<.001). In the grid-like removal group, the mean depth of the hyperreflective band was uneven, being significantly more in the “epithelium off” areas (56.90±4.66 μm and 74.2±6.7 μm at 30 and 60 minutes, respectively) (
P
<.001) compared to the “epithelium on” areas (18.9±2.3 μm and 24.7±2.3 μm at 30 and 60 minutes, respectively) (
P
<.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Epithelial removal appears to be an essential step prior to performing CXL, as an intact epithelium appears to block penetration of riboflavin in the anterior corneal stroma.
Multiple regenerative techniques for class II furcation defect
Authors: Verma Pushpendra Kumar , Srivastava Ruchi , Gautam Anju , Chaturvedi T. P. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractRegeneration of the periodontium is a major goal in the treatment of teeth affected by periodontitis. Periodontal regeneration is quite challenging, especially when it is in the furcation area. There are several techniques used alone or in combination, considered to achieve periodontal regeneration, including bone grafts or substitutes, guided tissue regeneration, root surface modification, and biological mediators. Many factors may account for variability in the response to regenerative therapy in class II furcation. This case report describes the management of a buccal class II furcation defect, with the help of surgical intervention, including the guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane and bone graft materials. This combined treatment resulted in a healthy periodontium, with radiographic evidence of alveolar bone gain. This case report demonstrates that proper diagnosis, followed by removal of the etiological factors and utilizing combined treatment modalities, restored health and function of the tooth with severe attachment loss, at the 18-month follow-up.
AirGuardian – UAV Hardware and Software System for Small Size UAVs
Authors: Stojcsics Dániel , Molnár András 
Published: November 2012

AirGuardian is a complex of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle and ground station UAV hardware and software systems which has been developed at Obuda University. The hardware and software of the autopilot (AERObot), the antenna tracker station and the ground control station were simultaneously created resulting in the optimal cooperation of the modules. The aim of the research on AERObot – the special autopilot – was to create a generic autopilot which is capable of controlling different designs, weights and structures of airframes without any complex mathematical model recalculation.
Analysis of Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Dermatomyositis With a Focus on Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: de Moraes Mariana Teichner , de Souza Fernando Henrique Carlos , de Barros Thiago Bitar Moraes , Shinjo Samuel Katsuyuki 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the frequency of metabolic syndrome in dermatomyositis (DM) patients and to analyze the possible association of metabolic syndrome with traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and DM‐related clinical and laboratory features.MethodsThe present cross‐sectional single‐center study included 84 DM patients and 105 healthy controls. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III.ResultsThe median age was similar in both the DM and control groups (41.5 and 42.0 years, respectively; P = 0.378), with a comparable predominance of women (P = 0.904) and white race (P = 0.623). The DM patients had a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (41.7% versus 7.0%; P < 0.001), diabetes mellitus (17.9% versus 1.0%; P < 0.001), stroke (4.8% versus 0%; P = 0.024), and family history of CVD (23.8% versus 8.6%; P = 0.004). However, the frequency of sedentarism, hypothyroidism, smoking, and alcohol intake was similar in both groups (P > 0.05). Further analysis of the DM patients with (n = 35) and without (n = 49) metabolic syndrome revealed that the patients with this complication were older (mean ± SD age 50.0 ± 14.5 years versus 40.9 ± 14.6 years; P = 0.006) and had a similar disease duration (P = 0.925) and higher prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension prior to the onset of disease symptoms (54.3% versus 10.2%; P < 0.001). In a multivariate analysis, only hypertension diagnosed prior to the disease was associated with metabolic syndrome (odds ratio 10.47 [95% confidence interval 2.62–44.81]).ConclusionMetabolic syndrome is highly prevalent in DM, and prior hypertension seems to be a major determinant of its development, while disease‐ and therapy‐related factors do not appear to play a relevant role.
In Utero Azathioprine Exposure and Increased Utilization of Special Educational Services in Children Born to Mothers With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Marder Wendy , Ganser Martha A. , Romero Vivian , Hyzy Margaret A. , Gordon Caroline , McCune W. J. , Somers Emily C. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveAzathioprine (AZA) is recognized among immunosuppressive medications as relatively safe during pregnancy for women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) requiring aggressive treatment. This pilot study aimed to determine whether SLE therapy during pregnancy was associated with developmental delays in offspring.MethodsThis cohort study included SLE patients with at least one live birth postdiagnosis. Medical histories were obtained via interviews and chart review. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine associations between SLE therapy during pregnancy and maternal report of special educational (SE) requirements (as proxy for developmental delays) among offspring. Propensity scoring (incorporating corticosteroid use, lupus flare, and lupus nephritis) was used to account for disease severity.ResultsOf 60 eligible offspring from 38 mothers, 15 required SE services, the most common indication for which was speech delay. Seven (54%) of the 13 children with in utero AZA exposure utilized SE services versus 8 (17%) of 47 nonexposed children (P < 0.01). After adjustment for pregnancy duration, small for gestational age, propensity score, maternal education level, and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, AZA was significantly associated with SE utilization occurring from age 2 years onward (odds ratio 6.6, 95% confidence interval 1.0–43.3), and bordered on significance for utilization at any age or age <2 years.ConclusionAZA exposure during SLE pregnancy was independently associated with increased SE utilization in offspring, after controlling for confounders. Further research is indicated to fully characterize developmental outcomes among offspring with in utero AZA exposure. Vigilance and early interventions for suspected developmental delays among exposed offspring may be warranted.
Assessment of Cartilage Changes Over Time in Knee Osteoarthritis Disease‐Modifying Osteoarthritis Drug Trials Using Semiquantitative and Quantitative Methods: Pros and Cons
Authors: Wildi Lukas Martin , Martel‐Pelletier Johanne , Abram François , Moser Thomas , Raynauld Jean‐Pierre , Pelletier Jean‐Pierre 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of 2 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences on cartilage defect assessment in knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients and the sensitivity to change over time comparing cartilage defect (semiquantitative) with cartilage volume loss (quantitative) methods.MethodsGradient‐echo (GRE) and intermediate‐weighted fast spin‐echo (IW‐FSE) sequences were compared. Knee OA MRIs were from two 2‐year studies (cohort 1, n = 55; cohort 2, n = 143). For both cohorts, a GRE sequence was used and patients in cohort 1 underwent an additional IW‐FSE sequence. Cohort 2 included patients from a previous trial. Cartilage defects and cartilage volume were evaluated.ResultsThe cartilage defect assessment provided consistently significantly higher scores in IW‐FSE than in GRE sequences at baseline and 2 years. However, there was no difference in the change at 2 years between the sequences. The standardized response mean (SRM) for change did not show a difference between the 2 sequences, but was consistently higher (2–2.5‐fold) for the quantitative method. The cartilage defect score change between the 2 treatment groups revealed a trend toward significance only in the medial tibial plateau, whereas the change in cartilage volume loss demonstrated a significant difference in the global knee, global femur, lateral femur, and lateral compartment. The SRMs for the treatment groups combined were markedly higher for cartilage volume loss than for the defect scoring by 4.3‐ to 6.0‐fold.ConclusionThe direct comparison between GRE and IW‐FSE sequences did not suggest superior sensitivity to cartilage defect change over time of one sequence over the other. Interestingly, the quantitative cartilage volume assessment was more sensitive than the semiquantitative scoring in the detection of treatment effect on OA cartilage changes.
Fall Incidence and Outcomes of Falls in a Prospective Study of Adults With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Stanmore Emma K. , Oldham Jackie , Skelton Dawn A. , O'Neill Terence , Pilling Mark , Campbell A. John , Todd Chris 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the incidence of falls and to investigate the consequences of falls in adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsA total of 559 community‐dwelling adults with RA, ages 18–88 years (mean age 62 years, 69% women), participated in this prospective cohort study. After a detailed clinical assessment, patients were followed for 1 year, using monthly falls calendars and followup telephone calls. Followup took place in the participant's usual place of residence in the Northwest of England. Outcome measures included fall occurrence, reason for fall, type and severity of injuries, fractures, fall location, lie‐times, use of health services, and functional ability.ResultsA total of 535 participants followed for 1 year had a total of 598 falls. Of these participants, 36.4% (95% confidence interval 32%–41%) reported falling during the 1‐year followup period, with an incidence rate of 1,313 per 1,000 person‐years at risk or 1.11 falls per person. Age and sex were not associated with falls. More than one‐third of the falls were reportedly caused by hips, knees, or ankle joints “giving way.” More than half of all the falls resulted in moderate injuries, including head injuries (n = 27) and fractures (n = 26). Treatment by general practitioners or other health professionals was required for 15.0% of falls, and emergency services were required for 8.8% of falls.ConclusionThese results indicate that adults with RA are at high risk of falls and fall‐related injuries, fractures, and head injuries. Strategies to prevent falls in adults with RA must be prioritized to reduce falls, fall‐related injuries, and fractures.
Segmented Flow Reactors for Nanocrystal Synthesis
Authors: Nightingale Adrian M. , deMello John C. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn the past decade microreactors have emerged as a compelling technology for the highly controlled synthesis of colloidal nanocrystals, offering multiple advantages over conventional batch synthesis methods (including improved levels of control, reproducibility, and automation). Initial work in the field employed simple continuous phase reactors that manipulate miscible streams of a single reagent phase. Recently, however, there has been increasing interest in segmented flow reactors that use an immiscible fluid to divide the reagent phase into discrete slugs or droplets. Key advantages of segmented flow include the elimination of velocity dispersion (a significant cause of polydispersity) and greatly reduced susceptibility to reactor fouling. In this progress report we review the operation of segmented flow microreactors, their application to the controlled synthesis of nanocrystals, and some of the principal challenges that must be addressed before they can become a mainstream technology for the controlled production of nanomaterials.
A Simple Synthetic Route to Enantiopure α‐Hydroxy Ketone Derivatives by Asymmetric Hydrogenation
Authors: Sun Tian , Zhang Xumu 
Published: November 2012

AbstractHigh enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee) have been observed for the catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation of the α‐ketone enol acetates. DuanPhos has been proved to be the most effective ligand for this reaction. The high yield and enantioselectivity of the asymmetric hydrogenation of the α‐ketone enol acetates represents a feasible synthetic route to important pharmaceutical building blocks: α‐hydroxy ketones.
Phenanthrene Synthesis by Eosin Y‐Catalyzed, Visible Light‐ Induced [4+2] Benzannulation of Biaryldiazonium Salts with Alkynes
Authors: Xiao Tiebo , Dong Xichang , Tang Yanchi , Zhou Lei 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA metal‐free, visible light‐induced [4+2] benzannulation of biaryldiazonium salts with alkynes was developed. With eosin Y as photoredox catalyst, a variety of 9‐substituted or 9,10‐disubstituted phenanthrenes were obtained via a cascade radical addition and cyclization sequence.