bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Association between Parathyroid Hormone and Preterm Labor
Authors: Badwy Hamdi Mohamed , Abou-Gamrah Amgad Alsaid , Ashoush Sherif Ahmed , Mostafa Rania Hassan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Preterm labor represents the main cause of both neonatal mortality and the childhood mortality as it accounts for (35% of 2.8 million neonatal deaths) and (17% of 6.3 million childhood deaths) worldwide. Parathyroid hormone regulates feto-placental mineral homeostasis and stimulates placental calcium transfer. Myometrial activity is directly related to cytoplasmic free calcium, and reduced calcium concentrations inhibit contractions.

Aim of the Work
We aim to explore the possible association between PTH, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus & albumin levels and preterm labor. Thus, it might be used as a predictor to help prophylaxis, early diagnosis or add another diagnostic tool for preterm labor and further management.

Patients and Methods
At Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital we conducted a case control on one hundred pregnant women who were recruited from the outpatient clinic and labor ward assessed for eligibility and were enrolled in this study and classified into two groups. Group A: Cases: 50 women who were having established preterm labor and Group B: Controls: 50 matched pregnant women with gestational age (28-36 weeks).

Results
Mean parathyroid hormone in preterm in labor group was 42.13 while in other preterm not in labor was 50.77 and mean albumin in preterm in labor group 4.02 was while it 4.36 was in the other group so the results shows that there is no statistically-significant difference between the two studied groups regarding the laboratory data except a very small variability between the mean of albumin that can't make any difference to our conclusion.

Conclusion
We found that there is no obvious association between parathyroid hormone and preterm labor.
Overexpression of Estrogen Receptor Beta and Its Prognostic Significance among Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Patients
Authors: Helali Mariam , Abdelmotal Ahmed , Gobran Nagy Samy , El Ghazaly Hesham , Mahdy Manal El , Karim Khaled Abdel 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The expression of estrogen receptor beta (ER beta) and its correlation with the prognosis of malignant mesothelioma remains controversial. This study aimed at studying ER beta expression in tumour cells in patients with mesothelioma and its association with clinicopathological factors and survival outcomes.

Material and Methods
A prospective study to evaluate prognostic significance of ER beta overexpression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on paraffin blocks among malignant mesothelioma patients at Ain Shams university hospital and correlate their overexpression with the patients' follow up clinical data, OS, and PFS.

Results
Forty-two mesothelioma cases were enrolled and followed up, High ER beta expression (modified Allred score 7-9) was reported in 9.5% of the patients (4 cases), moderate expression (modified Allred score 4-6) was reported in 28.6% of the patients(12 cases), weak and negative expression ( modified Allred score 0-3) was reported in 61% of the patients(26 cases), percent of ER beta positive cases was 69% of the total patients, there was no statistical difference as regard age (p value:0.8), sex(p value:0.4), stage (p-value: 0.71), ECOG (p-value :0.84), histological subtype(p value:0.17) and response to first-line treatment (p value:0.5) across the 3 groups of patients (high, moderate, weak and negative ER beta on tumour cells).there was no statistically significant difference in OS and PFS for ER beta overexpression.

Conclusion
ER beta overexpression was not associated with improved OS or PFS in mesothelioma patients, larger sample size would be recommended for more solid conclusions.
Screening for Retinopathy of Prematurity in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Ain Shams University Hospital
Authors: Noor Mohamed Salaheldeen , Ali Elbarbary Magdy Mohamed , Embabi Sherif Nabil , Zaki Mohamed Abdelhakim , Awad Hihsam Abdelsamie , Al-feky Mariam Ahmad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
to evaluate the Retinopathy of prematurity prevalence and screening outcome in a tertiary hospital in Cairo, Egypt. Also, to assess the risk factors for its development and to suggest modifications to the international guidelines for screening for Retinopathy of prematurity to fit the Egyptian population.

Methods
A prospective observational study was carried out in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) in Ain Shams University Hospital. In this study 159 premature infants born in the period between 1 September 2018 to 1 September 2021 were screened for Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP). Screening was based on the most inclusive criteria reported to date. All premature infants with gestational age (GA) of ≤ 34 weeks or birth weight (BW) of ≤ 2000 grams were included. Infants were also included if GA &gt; 34 weeks or BW &gt; 2000 grams, but multiple co-morbidities existed. The prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity and plus disease and their correlation with risk factors of interest were studied.

Results
The gestational age of the included infants ranged from 27 to 36 weeks, with a mean (SD) of 31.87 (± 1.81) weeks. Infants had birth weight ranging from 640 to 3900 grams, with a mean (SD) of 1784.71 (± 560.30) grams. The prevalence of ROP changes more than stage 0 in the screened infants was 25.8% (41 infants) with 7.3% of cases (11 infants) showing plus disease and 6.3% of cases (10 infants) showing severe changes that needed treatment. Of those, 2 cases (20%) fell outside the British Guideline’s criteria for Screening. there was a highly significant (p &lt; 0.0001) correlation between appearance of Retinopathy of prematurity changes more than stage 0 and low gestational age, low birth weight of the screened infants, receiving mechanical ventilation, respiratory distress syndrome stage, presence of Necrotizing enterocolitis, Intraventricular haemorrhage and blood transfusion. On the other hand, no significant correlation was found between appearance of Retinopathy of prematurity changes more than stage 0 and gender (p = 0.911), presence of PDA (p = 0.187), or sepsis (p = 0.998).

Conclusion
Retinopathy of prematurity is a significant problem in the premature infants in Cairo, Egypt. Extremely premature infants with lower birth weight are more prone to develop this disease. However, cases with higher gestational age and birth weight than mentioned in the British guidelines screening criteria especially with multiple comorbidities showed severe Retinopathy of prematurity changes that needed intervention, which implies the need to develop a screening guideline for the Egyptian population.
Arthroscopic Scaphoid Bone Graft Combined with Percutaneous Fixation versus Open Scaphoid Fixation with Non Vascularized Graft in Scaphoid Non-Union
Authors: Hamdy Alnaggar Hamdy Essam , El-Mahy Mohammed Mostafa , Atiyya Ahmed Naeem , Diab Ramy Ahmed , Mohamed Aly Amr Mostafa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Consensus about Management of scaphoid nonunion is controversial, many procedures have been described. This study compares between 2 modalities for management of scaphoid nonunion either arthroscopic scaphoid bone grafting from iliac bone combined with percutaneous fixation versus open scaphoid fixation and non-vascularized bone graft from iliac bone in management of scaphoid nonunion to identify if one technique is better as regards union rate, time to union and functional outcome.

Patients and Methods
A prospective randomized control trial held to recruit the patients between September 2019 and December 2020 between open grafting group (group O) for scaphoid non union (15 patient) and arthroscopic group (group A) ( 15 patients), randomization was done by using computerized random allocation. The mean follow up was 17.2 months(12- 24 months). We evaluated the results as regards union rate, time to union, complications, grip strength functional outcome according to disability of arm, shoulder and hand questionnaire (DASH) score and modified mayo wrist score (MMWS). We analyzed the results by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS) version 25.

Results
union rate for group A was 100 % with time to union mean of 9.73 weeks (±2.4 weeks), union rate for group O was 93.33% with time to union mean of11.64 weeks(±1.82 weeks) which was significantly faster to union for group A(p value&lt;0.05) . The open group showed significantly less operative time, the mean operative time was59.2 min±11.01, 90.6min±11.77 for group O and group A respectively. Grip strength, range of motion, VAS, MMWS and DASH score improved post operative for both groups with no statistical difference between them with comparable complication rate.

Conclusion
arthroscopic grafting technique for scaphoid non unions showed comparable results as regard union rate, complications, range of motion and functional outcomes with significantly faster time to union however, significantly longer operative time.
Clinical Outcomes Following Treatment of Ramp Lesion during Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis)
Authors: Sobhy Mohamed Hassan , Fakhery Ebied Wessam Eldin , Abd Elhakeem Ismail Mohamed Hesham 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Ramp lesion is defined as a vertical longitudinal detatchment of PHMM due to meniscocapsular ligament tears that is not greater than 2 cm in medio-lateral length resulting in separation of meniscocapsular or meniscotibial ligament.

Aim of the Work
The study aims to perform a systemic review and meta analysis concerning outcomes of ramp lesion repair during ACL reconstruction.

Methodology
Systematic review and Meta-analysis on Patients with ramp lesion undergoing ACL reconstruction and ramp lesion treatment with total of 387 studies matched our search terms. After exclusion of duplicates, 37 studies were initially included based on their Abstract. 27 studies were finally included. The average MINORS score of all non-randomised studies was 8.7/16 for non- comparative studies and 16.9/24 for comparative studies, respectively.

Results
Our results suggest that medial meniscus repair associated with ACL reconstruction may restore meniscal function by adjusting the anteroposterior length of the torn medial meniscus. Our data demonstrate that more than 75% of medial meniscal tears in the ACL-deficient knee occur in the peripheral posterior horn. If we assume that the anatomy as described by Hughston and Eilers is correct, then care should be taken when addressing these tears, because a strong repair is needed to preserve the stability of the knee.

Conclusion
MRI demonstrated moderate sensitivity and excellent specificity in the diagnosis of ramp lesion in patients with ACL tear. According to the current systematic review, ramp lesions are common in ACL-deficient knees and are often missed through standard anterior portals. Exploration of the meniscocapsular complex via an additional posteromedial portal is recommended, if MRI suggests a lesion in this area or if instability is present at probing. If the posteromedial view still does not reveal any lesion despite significant instability, soft-tissue debridement might uncover hidden lesions (meniscotibial ligament disruptions). Ramp lesion repair leads to a significant improvement of subjective knee scores, regardless of the specific fixation technique. For stable ramp lesions, trephination and abrasion might be equivalent to ramp lesion repair in terms of postoperative stability.
Management of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture Femur using Long Stem Cementless Arthroplasty Single Armed Clinical Trial
Authors: Fahmy Ebrahim Mohammad Khalil , EL-Aziz Bassiony Ayman Abd , Mansour Saleh Gameel , Mehasseb Ahmad Mohammad , EL-Aleem Elshabrawy Waleed Elsayed Abd 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
fractures of trochanteric region of femur are common in elderly. Internal fixation of these fractures is a standard practice. But, Nowadays we encounter failures require reoperation. In fresh comminuted fracture through porotic bone in elderly with medical comorbidities or symptomatic ipsilateral degenerative hip disease, replacement preferred to allow early full weight bearing mobilization. arthroplasty using long-stem is a surgical method that helps patients relieve pain, facilitate early rehabilitation, limit long-term complications, and improve quality of life for patients. Hip fracture treatment in elderly patients remains challenging.

Aim
The aim of our study is to detect functional outcomes and complications after usage of cementless hip arthroplasty with long femoral stem for management of intertrochanteric femur fractures.

Materials and Methods
We followed 20 patients were treated with long-stem cementless arthroplasty due to intertrochanteric femur fractures. The mean age was 72.9±5.79 years and the mean follow-up period was 12.8 months. The patients underwent either bipolar or total hip arthroplasty. Outcomes were evaluated with the Harris hip score (HHS).

Results
At the last follow-up, the mean Harris hip score was 81.2points. There were no cases of osteolysis. All stems were stable without significant changes in alignment or progressive subsidence. Superficial Infection was observed in one patient and was treated medically. Implant loosening and periprosthetic fractures were not noted.

Conclusion
Primary cementless long stem arthroplasty is one of good choices in treatment unstable ITF in elderly patients, helped patients improve the quality of life.
Oblique Lateral Versus Extreme Lateral as Approaches for Lumbar Disc Inter-Body Fusion
Authors: Gomaa abo-warda Mohamed , Elsayed Mohamed Nabil , Mahmoud Abderady 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
In the current surgical therapeutic regimen for the degenerative lumbar disease, both oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) and extreme lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) are gradually accepted.

Aim of the Work
In this research, we aimed to compare the radiographic and clinical outcomes of OLIF and XLIF for the degenerative lumbar disease.

Subjects and Methods
This was a Meta-analysis study, The review considered case-control studies, case report studies, and retrospective case follow-up comparing radiographic and clinical outcomes of OLIF and XLIF for the degenerative lumbar disease.

Results
Change in Oswestry disability index (ODI) was reported in 9 studies. The effect estimate is - 28.247 with Random model applied. There is heterogeneity p = 0.001.Moreover, it was noted that change in visual analog scale (VAS) was reported in all 10 studies. The effect estimate is -3.796 with Random model applied. There is heterogeneity p &lt; 0.001.

Conclusion
The two groups are similar in terms of radiographic outcomes, operative blood loss, operative time and the length of hospital stay. The OLIF group shows advantages in VAS and ODI scores improvement. Though the incidence of perioperative complications of OLIF and LLIF is similar, the incidence of main complications is significantly different.
Tri-Ponderal Mass Index versus Body Mass Index: Correlation to Body Fat and Metabolic Profile
Authors: Ebrahim Wessam A , Mahmoud Rana A A , Abd El Moniam Manar S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Obesity is a worldwide health problem. Obese individuals are at a high risk of developing dyslipidemia, hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. Recently, tri-ponderal mass index (TMI) has been reported as an alternative to body mass index (BMI) because it may estimate body fat levels more accurately than BMI, especially in adolescents. TMI is nearly stable throughout adolescence .

Aim of the Study
To compare (BMI) and (TMI) as predictors of fat mass percentage (FM %) as detected by DXA scan and to compare the efficacy of TMI and BMI in predicting insulin resistance (IR), hyperlipidaemia.

Methods
This study was conducted on sixty Egyptian healthy male and female with simple obesity with age range between 5-18 years. Patients were interviewed for data including, socio- economic status, dietetic history, physical activity, family history of obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and hypertension. Clinical examination included complete physical examination, Tanner stage, anthropometric measurements, their standard deviation scores (SDSs ). Lab investigations included fasting lipid profile, insulin, glucose and Insulin resistance by (HOMA-IR) index. Assessment of body composition including fat mass percentage (FM %) and bone density was done by (DXA) scanner .

Results
We found that BMI and TMI were significantly positively correlated with blood pressure. They were also positively correlated with the presence of acanthosis nigricans indicating IR. They were both negatively correlated with cholesterol levels, while fat percentage was positively correlated with insulin levels and HbA1c. BMI was significantly correlated with glucose levels. We found a lower prevalence of obesity was obtained when we used TMI classifications rather than BMI. There was a positive correlation between BMI and each of TMI and fat percentage. Furthermore, only BMI correlated with percentage of body fat (BF%) measured by DXA.

Conclusion
BMI seems to predict adiposity better than TMI in children and adolescents. In addition, TMI seemed to perform similarly as BMI for identifying metabolic syndrome.
Health Related Quality of Life and Psychosocial Profile of Patients with Sickle Cell Disease and Their Caregivers
Authors: Mokhtar Galila Mohamed , Zaky Eman Ahmed , Ebeid Fatma S E , Abdelmageed Reham Ibrahim , Elkamel Nermeen Mohamed , Ali Heba G A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a chronic, debilitating disorder can negatively affect health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) outcomes in SCD.

Aim of the Study
Primary objective was to assess the prevalence of impaired psychosocial profile and poor HRQoL among SCD patients and their caregivers in comparison to age and sex matched controls, while secondary objective was to determine the association of such impairment if any with parameters of disease severity.

Methods
An observational, case control study recruited sixty-five children and adolescent with confirmed SCD, conducted at Paediatric Haematology Oncology clinic, Ain Shams University, Egyptfrom1st of August 2020 to 28th of February 2021. Demographic and clinical data were collected, and thorough clinical and psychiatric assessments were conducted. Quality-of-life (QoL) of both children and their caregivers were performed compared to 65 matched healthy control.

Results
sixty five children and adolescents with confirmed SCD were included; there were 34 (52.3%) boys and 31 (47.7%) girls and their mean age was 11.40 ± 3.55. Most patients 44(67.7%) had sickle HbSβ+-thalassemia, the most frequent manifestations were vasoooclusive crises in 24 (36.9%) patients, The most common causes for hospital admission were pain crisis in 14 (33.3%) patients and vasoocclusive crisis in 14 (33.3%). Results indicated that patients with SCD and their caregivers had depression and anxiety symptoms scores more than reported in control group.Sickle children had significantly less self-esteem and quality of life than control children, least scores in s ick le c hild re n Q O L wer e in co mmunica t io n do ma in. These were s ignific a nt ne ga t ive consequences, advanced age, duration of illness, number and duration of hospitalizations, disease severity score and occurrence of complications were associated with psychological disorders.

Conclusion
The QOoL of children suffered from SCD and their caregivers is adversely affected necessitate implementation of interventions which focus on reducing depressive symptoms, enhancing self-esteem and QoL.
Psychometric Assessment and Health Related Quality of Life of Children and adolescents With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Zaky Eman Ahmed , Fouda Eman Mahmoud , Abdelaziz Asmaa Wafeeq , Mohammed Hassan Yasser Hassan , Saber Ibrahim Ayman Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an exhausting and time-consuming disease that can interfere or impair typical daily life activities and social interactions.

Aim and Objectives
Evaluation of psychological aspects and Quality of life in cystic fibrosis patients.

Subjects and Methods
This was a cross sectional study, conducted at the Paediatric Chest Clinic, Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University on 31 patients with verified diagnosis of CF compared to 31 healthy children. Psychological assessment was done using Children depression Inventory (CDI) Scale, Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale, and The Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQLTM) Scales. Result: CF patients experienced statistically significant higher levels of depression and anxiety than their healthy peers (p &lt; 0.001; p = 0.001, respectively). There were no significant differences in PedsQLTM Scales between the CF patients and the healthy controls (p &gt; 0.05).

Conclusion
This study is significantly important for revealing that psychiatric symptoms are prevalent among children with CF, which implies that annual symptom screening is justified.
Study of Mortality Rate and its Causes among Egyptian Children and Adolescents with Cancer
Authors: El Sherif Nayera H , Ebeid Fatma S , Sayed Safa M , Akl Asmaa M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
There is little evidence about the burden of childhood cancers in Egypt. Knowledge about the current disease burden of childhood cancers is crucial to priorities cancer control plans and improve survival.

Objective
To describe the frequency of deaths among children diagnosed with cancer in the last 10 years.

Patients and Methods
This retrospective descriptive study was conducted in Pediatric Hematology /Oncology Unit, Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University. The data of 500 patients was collected from the database in the period from 1st September 2011 to 30th September 2021. The study included 500 Children less than 18 years diagnosed as solid and hematological malignancies.

Results
The median age of the included patients was 4.25 years, males represented 54.4%. The most common etiology of malignancies among the included patients were: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (31.8%) and acute myeloid leukemia (714.6%). Death was evident in 71.4% of the included patients. Among the dead cases 106 (74.12%) had late death; that occurred 5 years or more after diagnosis and 37(25.4%) had early death; that occurred within 30 days after diagnosis of the first neoplasm. The higher mortality was reported among acute lymphoblastic leukemia (52; 36.4%), acute myeloid leukemia (28; 19.6%), neuroblastoma (13; 9.1%) and brain tumors (10; 7.0%). Comparison between living and dead childhood cancer patients as regards the demographic and clinical data showed no significant difference regarding; age, gender, and residence (P-value= 0.591, 0.122 & 0.077, respectively). Relapse was significantly increased among dead cases representing 32.9% (P-value= 0.000).

Conclusion
In our institute, childhood cancer patients’ mortality rate was 28.5% in the last 10 years. Early death occurred in (25.8%) among them; infection was the leading cause of death, while primary malignancy was the main cause of death among those who died late, which is almost comparable with international studies. Furthermore, the overall survival of our childhood with cancer was (67.30%) at 5 years from diagnosis. This is relatively better than the previous published Egyptian data and reaching international figures.