bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Curcumin, a component of turmeric: From farm to pharmacy
Authors: Gupta Subash C. , Kismali Gorkem , Aggarwal Bharat B. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractCurcumin, an active polyphenol of the golden spice turmeric, is a highly pleiotropic molecule with the potential to modulate the biological activity of a number of signaling molecules. Traditionally, this polyphenol has been used in Asian countries to treat such human ailments as acne, psoriasis, dermatitis, and rash. Recent studies have indicated that curcumin can target newly identified signaling pathways including those associated with microRNA, cancer stem cells, and autophagy. Extensive research from preclinical and clinical studies has delineated the molecular basis for the pharmaceutical uses of this polyphenol against cancer, pulmonary diseases, neurological diseases, liver diseases, metabolic diseases, autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and numerous other chronic diseases. Multiple studies have indicated the safety and efficacy of curcumin in numerous animals including rodents, monkeys, horses, rabbits, and cats and have provided a solid basis for evaluating its safety and efficacy in humans. To date, more than 65 human clinical trials of curcumin, which included more than 1000 patients, have been completed, and as many as 35 clinical trials are underway. Curcumin is now used as a supplement in several countries including the United States, India, Japan, Korea, Thailand, China, Turkey, South Africa, Nepal, and Pakistan. In this review, we provide evidence for the pharmaceutical uses of curcumin for various diseases. © 2013 BioFactors, 39(1):2–13, 2013
Evaluating Risk Assessments Using Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis: Rationale, Advantages, Insights, and Limitations
Authors: Mossman Douglas 
Published: January 2013

The last two decades have witnessed major changes in the way that mental health professionals assess, describe, and think about persons' risk for future violence. Psychiatrists and psychologists have gone from believing that they could not predict violence to feeling certain they can assess violence risk with well‐above‐chance accuracy. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis has played a central role in changing this view. This article reviews the key concepts underlying ROC methods, the meaning of the area under the ROC curve (AUC), the relationship between AUC and effect size d, and what these two indices tell us about evaluations of violence risk.The area under the ROC curve and d provide succinct but incomplete descriptions of discrimination capacity. These indices do not provide details about sensitivity–specificity trade‐offs; they do not tell us how to balance false‐positive and false‐negative errors; and they do not determine whether a diagnostic system is accurate enough to make practically useful distinctions between violent and non‐violent subject groups. Justifying choices or clinical practices requires a contextual investigation of outcomes, a process that takes us beyond simply knowing global indices of accuracy. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simulations in Evolution. III. Randomness as a Generator of Opportunities
Authors: Testa Bernard , Bojarski Andrzej J. , Mordalski Stefan 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn Neo‐Darwinism, variation and natural selection are the two evolutionary mechanisms which propel biological evolution. Our previous reports presented a histogram model to simulate the evolution of populations of individuals classified into bins according to an unspecified, quantifiable phenotypic character, and whose number in each bin changed generation after generation under the influence of fitness, while the total population was maintained constant. The histogram model also allowed Shannon entropy (SE) to be monitored continuously as the information content of the total population decreased or increased. Here, a simple Perl (Practical Extraction and Reporting Language) application was developed to carry out these computations, with the critical feature of an added random factor in the percent of individuals whose offspring moved to a vicinal bin. The results of the simulations demonstrate that the random factor mimicking variation increased considerably the range of values covered by Shannon entropy, especially when the percentage of changed offspring was high. This increase in information content is interpreted as facilitated adaptability of the population.
Designing Functionalized Mesoporous Materials for Enzyme Immobilization: Locating Enzymes by Using Advanced TEM Techniques
Authors: Mayoral Alvaro , Arenal Raul , Gascón Victoria , Márquez‐Álvarez Carlos , Blanco Rosa M. , Díaz Isabel 
Published: January 2013

AbstractOne of the widely accepted uses of ordered mesoporous materials is as supports of enzymes for biotechnological applications. Enzymes have been trapped, anchored, or encapsulated in organized porous networks of the mesoporous range (2–50 nm). The reactivity of the surface of mesoporous materials has enabled the synthesis of various supports by using different forces for the immobilization process. To design catalysts for specific applications, we have developed functionalized mesoporous materials with tunable hydrophobicity for the immobilization of lipase. More recently, we moved to the immobilization of laccase with amino‐functionalized ordered mesoporous materials. In this case, it is required to use pore expanders along with optimized functionalization techniques. Advanced TEM techniques have been applied to locate not only the functional groups but also the macromolecules inside the silica matrix.
Medium‐Temperature Shift Catalysts for Hydrogen Purification in a Single‐Stage Reactor
Authors: Alijani A. , Irankhah A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractInterest regarding the WGS process has grown significantly, because of the recent progression in fuel cells as a clean technology for power generation. Due to the large volume and cost of WGS conventional two‐stage reactors, and also problems related to pyrophoricity and lengthy reduction of customary catalysts, the current challenge is to develop more active and stable catalysts that convert CO in a single‐stage medium temperature shift (MTS, 280–360 °C) reactor, which is applicable in small‐scale fuel cells. Advanced and newly developed catalytic systems for hydrogen purification via MTS reactions are reviewed and discussed in this study. Pt‐based catalysts on reducible oxide supports, e.g., CeO2 and TiO2, have mainly been used for this reaction. It is known that ceria is the most applicable active and stable support and highly promising for MTS reactions, considering its high oxygen storage capacity and mobility of surface oxygen/hydroxyl groups. New studies investigate modified ceria, e.g., CeZr, to improve its catalytic properties.
Synthesis and Morphogenesis of Organic and Inorganic Polymers by Means of Biominerals and Biomimetic Materials
Authors: Kijima Misako , Oaki Yuya , Munekawa Yurika , Imai Hiroaki 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWe have studied the simultaneous synthesis and morphogenesis of polymer materials with hierarchical structures from nanoscopic to macroscopic scales. The morphologies of the original materials can be replicated to the polymer materials. In general, it is not easy to achieve the simultaneous synthesis and morphogenesis of polymer material even using host materials. In the present work, four biominerals and three biomimetic mesocrystal structures are used as the host materials or templates and polypyrrole, poly(3‐hexylthiopehene), and silica were used as the precursors for the simultaneous syntheses and morphogenesis of polymer materials. The host materials with the hierarchical structure possess the nanospace for the incorporation of the monomers. After the incorporation of the monomers, the polymerization reaction proceeds in the nanospace with addition of the initiator agents. Then, the dissolution of the host materials leads to the formation and morphogenesis of the polymer materials. The scheme of the replication can be classified into the three types based on the structures of the host materials (types I–III). The type I template facilitates the hierarchical replication of the whole host material, type II mediates the hierarchical surface replication, and type III induces the formation of the two‐dimensional nanosheets. Based on these results, the approach for the coupled synthesis and morphogenesis can be applied to a variety of combinations of the templates and polymer materials.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Room‐Temperature Route to Flower‐Like CuO Microspheres with Greatly Enhanced Lithium Storage Capability.
Authors: Yuan Zhengqiu , Wang Yan , Qian Yitai 
Published: January 2013

AbstractCuO microspheres are prepared by dropwise addition of an aqueous (NH4)2S2O8 solution to an aqueous mixture of copper powder and NaOH (20 °C, 20 h).
ChemInform Abstract: General Synthetic Strategy for High‐Yield and Uniform Rare‐Earth Oxysulfate (RE2O2SO4, RE: La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Y, Ho, and Yb) Hollow Spheres.
Authors: Liu Xiaohe , Zhang Dan , Jiang Jinghui , Zhang Ning , Ma Renzhi , Zeng Haibo , Jia Baoping , Zhang Shoubao , Qiu Guanzhou 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe title hollow spheres are prepared from aqueous solutions of rare‐earth nitrates, L‐cysteine, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (autoclave, 140 °C, 24 h; calcination at 600 °C for 2 h; 85% yield for La2O2SO4).
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Magnetism of Sr3Co2O4Cl2 — An Electronically Driven Lattice Distortion in an Oxychloride Containing Square Planar CoII Centers.
Authors: Romero Fabio Denis , Coyle Lucy , Hayward Michael A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe title compound is prepared by topochemical reduction of Sr3Co2O5Cl2 with NaH as solid state reducing agent (grinding, 200 °C, 2 x 2 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Transformation of Simple Enals to 3,4‐Disubstituted Benzaldehydes under Mild Reaction Conditions via an Organocatalytic Regio‐ and Chemoselective Dimerization Cascade.
Authors: Song Xixi , Zhang Xinshuai , Zhang Shilei , Li Hao , Wang Wei 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe title reaction proceeds via two different routes: the self‐dimerization of two equivalents of the same aliphatic enal, and the hetero‐dimerization of two distinct enals in a regio‐ and chemoselective manner using racemic diphenyl prolinol Tms ether as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: RuHCl(CO)(PPh3)3‐Catalyzed α‐Alkylation of Ketones with Primary Alcohols.
Authors: Kuwahara Takashi , Fukuyama Takahide , Ryu Ilhyong 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe alkylation with aliphatic alcohols is feasible by addition of phenanthroline [cf.(V) and (VII)].
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Three‐Step Thioconjugate Addition‐Oxidation‐Diels—Alder Reactions of Ethyl Propiolate.
Authors: Downey C. Wade , Craciun Smaranda , Vivelo Christina A. , Neferu Ana M. , Mueller Carly J. , Corsi Stephanie 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn connection with the preceding paper dealing with the preparation of (Z)‐β‐sulfonyl enoates, the process is extended to the synthesis of bicyclic esters (IV) and (VI) via 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of cyclopentadiene as a third step.
ChemInform Abstract: A Comparative Suzuki Reaction of Aryl Halides Using a New Dimeric Orthopalladated Complex under Conventional and Microwave Irradiation Conditions.
Authors: Hajipour Abdol R. , Karami Kazem , Tavakoli Ghazal 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA new catalytic system for a rapid Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Cyclopropanation of 1,2‐Disubstituted Alkenes.
Authors: Li Jun , Liao Sai‐Hu , Xiong Hu , Zhou You Yun , Sun Xiu‐Li , Zhang Yue , Zhou Xiao‐Guang , Tang Yong 
Published: January 2013

AbstractUnder mild reaction conditions, both cis‐ and trans‐1,2‐substituted alkenes are converted into the corresponding 1,2,3‐trisubstituted cyclopropanes with high levels of diastereo‐ and enantioselectivity using diazoacetate (III) as carbene source and bisoxazolines (I) bearing C2‐symmetry‐breaking pendant groups as ligands in the title copper‐catalyzed reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: BOROX Catalysis: Self‐Assembled Amino‐BOROX and Imino‐BOROX Chiral Broensted Acids in a Five‐Component Catalyst Assembly/Catalytic Asymmetric Aziridination.
Authors: Gupta Anil K. , Mukherjee Munmun , Hu Gang , Wulff William D. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractTreatment of amines (I) with aldehydes and diazoacetate in the presence of B(O‐Ph)3 and diol (S)‐VPO allows a highly stereo‐ and chemoselective access to cis‐substituted aziridines.
ChemInform Abstract: Water‐Compatible Cascade Reaction: An Efficient Route to Substituted 2,3‐Dihydrofurans.
Authors: Zhang Ya‐Ru , Luo Fang , Huang Xu‐Jiao , Xie Jian‐Wu 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAn efficient domino Michael addition—alkylation reaction of 1,3‐dicarbonyl derivatives with 2‐nitroacrylates using water as solvent is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Straightforward Acid‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Pyrrolyldipyrromethenes.
Authors: Yu Changjiang , Jiao Lijuan , Tan Xujun , Wang Jun , Xu Yajun , Wu Yangchun , Yang Gaosheng , Wang Zhaoyun , Hao Erhong 
Published: January 2013

AbstractOne‐ and two‐step reactions for the construction of the target compounds from halo(acetyl)‐substituted pyrroles or isoindoles and pyrroles are given.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Synthesis of Cyclic Di‐oxoguanidines via One‐Pot Sequential Transformation of Amines, Carbodiimides and Acyl Dichlorides.
Authors: Zhao Fei , Wang Yang , Zhang Wen‐Xiong , Xi Zhenfeng 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe sequential reaction of carbodiimides (I) and (XIII) with oxalyl chloride (II) and aromatic and aliphatic amines provides access towards iminoimidazolidinediones as cyclic guanidine derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: A Diversity‐Oriented Approach to Spirocyclic and Fused Hydantoins via Olefin Metathesis.
Authors: Dhara Kalyan , Midya Ganesh Chandra , Dash Jyotirmayee 
Published: January 2013

AbstractSelective N‐ and C‐alkenylation of hydantoin followed by metathesis allows an easy and efficient access to various spirocyclic and fused bicyclic hydantion derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Benzothiazole Derivatives Using Glycerol as Green Solvent.
Authors: Zhang Xia‐Zhong , Zhou Wen‐Jun , Yang Min , Wang Jin‐Xian , Bai Lin 
Published: January 2013

AbstractGlycerol is an effective and environmentally benign medium for the synthesis of 2‐substituted benzothiazoles (III) via condensation of 2‐aminothiophenol with aldehydes under CEM‐focused microwave irradiation conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Triazoles and Isoxazoles Linked 2‐Phenyl Benzothiazole as Potential Anticancer Agents.
Authors: Kumbhare Ravindra M. , Kosurkar Umesh B. , Ramaiah M. Janaki , Dadmal Tulshiram L. , Pushpavalli S. N. C. V. L. , Pal‐Bhadra Manika 
Published: January 2013

AbstractNew series of isoxazoles (III) and triazoles (V) are synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer activity against three cancer cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Bromolactonization Using an S‐Alkyl Thiocarbamate Catalyst.
Authors: Jiang Xiaojian , Tan Chong Kiat , Zhou Ling , Yeung Ying‐Yeung 
Published: January 2013

AbstractNovel L‐proline‐derived catalysts are developed for the bromolactonization reaction leading to δ‐ [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Catalyzed C(sp3)—H Bond Amination of 2‐Alkyl Azaarenes with Diethyl Azodicarboxylate.
Authors: Liu Jin‐Ying , Niu Hong‐Ying , Wu Shan , Qu Gui‐Rong , Guo Hai‐Ming 
Published: January 2013

AbstractNovel metal‐catalyzed benzylic amination of 2‐alkylquinolines and ‐pyridines are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Free Synthesis of Quinoxalines from o‐Phenylenediamines and Arylacetaldehydes under Basic Conditions.
Authors: Song Jinli , Li Xiaolong , Chen Yongxin , Zhao Mingming , Dou Yani , Chen Baohua 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe novel approach furnishes the quinoxalines in moderate to good yields by the direct oxidative condensation of o‐phenylenediamines with arylacetaldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Halogenation Reactions in 2,3‐Dihydro‐4(1H)‐quinazolinones.
Authors: Cabrera‐Rivera Fanny A. , Ortiz‐Nava Claudia , Roman‐Bravo Perla , Leyva Marco A. , Escalante Jaime 
Published: January 2013

AbstractDirect halogenation reactions of title compounds (I) with N‐halosuccinimide or Br2/Et3N afford 6,8‐dihalogen substituted products with moderate to good yields in short reaction times.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Quinolone and Coumarin Based 1,3,4‐Thiadiazolyl and 1,3,4‐Oxadiazolyl N‐Mannich Bases as Potential Antimicrobials.
Authors: Patel Rahul V. , Patel Jigar K. , Kumari Premlata , Chikhalia Kishor H. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAll new compounds (IX) and (XI) reveal excellent antimicrobial and antifungal activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of Fraxinellone‐Based Hydrazone Derivatives as Insecticidal Agents.
Authors: Guo Yong , Yan Yuan‐Yuan , Yang Chun , Yu Xiang , Zhi Xiao‐Yan , Xu Hui 
Published: January 2013

AbstractStarting from the naturally occurring degraded limonoid fraxinellone (I) a series of new hydrazones (IV) and (VI) are prepared and tested for their insecticidal activity against the pre‐third‐instar larvae of Mythimma separata Walker.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple Analogues of Qinghaosu (Artemisinin).
Authors: Li Yun , Hao Hong‐Dong , Wittlin Sergio , Wu Yikang 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA series of 1,2,4‐trioxane compounds are prepared via a reaction sequence involving molybdenum‐catalyzed perhydrolysis of epoxy rings as the key steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Essential Structure of Opioid ϰ Receptor Agonist Nalfurafine for Binding to ϰ Receptor 1: Synthesis of Decahydroisoquinoline Derivatives and Their Pharmacologies.
Authors: Nagase Hiroshi , Imaide Satomi , Yamada Takaaki , Hirayama Shigeto , Nemoto Toru , Yamaotsu Noriyuki , Hirono Shuichi , Fujii Hideaki 
Published: January 2013

Abstracttrans‐Fused decahydroisoquinoline derivatives without a phenol ring (I) are found to bound the opioid receptor in the micromolar range.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of Organic Conductors with Self‐Assembled Architectures of Biomolecules: Synthesis and Crystal Structures of Nucleobase‐Functionalized Tetrathiafulvalene Derivatives
Authors: Murata Tsuyoshi , Miyazaki Eigo , Maki Suguru , Umemoto Yoshikazu , Ohmoto Makoto , Nakasuji Kazuhiro , Morita Yasushi 
Published: January 2013

Abstractsuch as (III)
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of the C1—C16 Fragment (VII) of Goniodomin A
Authors: Nakajima Motohiro , Fuwa Haruhiko , Sasaki Makoto 
Published: January 2013

Abstractinvolving the Stille‐type coupling of thioester (II) with vinylstannane (III) and spiroacetalization of diol mixture (V)/(VI) as the key steps
The Ecological Restoration of Heavily Degraded Saline Wetland in the Yellow River Delta
Authors: Guan Bo , Yu Junbao , Cao Di , Li Yunzhao , Han Guangxuan , Mao Peili 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAs a result of discontinuous water flow, agriculture, and increasing urban use of fresh water affecting the natural wetlands of the Yellow River Delta, these areas have experienced significant degradation in the past two decades, ultimately diminishing the overall natural wetland land area in the region. This study aimed to address the issue of decreasing fresh water in the Yellow River Delta by studying the effects of three different approaches to restoration on long‐term wetland recovery. The results of the study demonstrated that soil salt and available Na contents significantly decreased in response to all three restoration treatments. Impacts of the restoration treatments were more significant in 2009 than in 2010, as shown by the high rate of activity in the reed debris group. The highest phosphatase activity of the experimental period was also observed in the reed debris group. Meanwhile, a marked variation in soil nutrient elements (total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus, and available potassium) was observed in the restoration treatment plots throughout the experimental period. TC and TN contents were generally higher in the restoration treatment groups than in the control group. Moreover, urease and phosphatase activity levels were highly correlated with one another, as well as with soil nutrient elements. In 2009, the yield of the Suaeda salsa plant was highest in the reed debris treatment group and lowest in the ploughing treatment group. The S. salsa plant did show a positive response to all of the different restoration treatments. Taken together, these results suggest that restoration approaches that implement ploughing techniques aided in the restoration of degraded saline wetlands.
Rac1 recruitment to the archipelago structure of the focal adhesion through the fluid membrane as revealed by single‐molecule analysis
Authors: Shibata Akihiro C. E. , Chen Limin H. , Nagai Rie , Ishidate Fumiyoshi , Chadda Rahul , Miwa Yoshihiro , Naruse Keiji , Shirai Yuki M. , Fujiwara Takahiro K. , Kusumi Akihiro 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe focal adhesion (FA) is an integrin‐based structure built in/on the plasma membrane (PM), linking the extracellular matrix to the actin stress‐fibers, working as cell migration scaffolds. Previously, we proposed the archipelago architecture of the FA, in which FA largely consists of fluid membrane, dotted with small islands accumulating FA proteins: membrane molecules enter the inter‐island channels in the FA zone rather freely, and the integrins in the FA‐protein islands rapidly exchanges with those in the bulk membrane. Here, we examined how Rac1, a small G‐protein regulating FA formation, and its activators αPIX and βPIX, are recruited to the FA zones. PIX molecules are recruited from the cytoplasm to the FA zones directly. In contrast, majorities of Rac1 molecules first arrive from the cytoplasm on the general inner PM surface, and then enter the FA zones via lateral diffusion on the PM, which is possible due to rapid Rac1 diffusion even within the FA zones, slowed only by a factor of two to four compared with that outside. The constitutively‐active Rac1 mutant exhibited temporary and all‐time immobilizations in the FA zone, suggesting that upon PIX‐induced Rac1 activation at the FA‐protein islands, Rac1 tends to be immobilized at the FA‐protein islands. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc