bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling the current and future habitat suitability of Neltuma pallida in the dry forest of northern Peru under climate change scenarios to 2100
Authors: Barboza Elgar , Bravo Nino , Cotrina‐Sanchez Alexander , Salazar Wilian , Gálvez‐Paucar David , Gonzales Jhony , Saravia David , Valqui‐Valqui Lamberto , Cárdenas Gloria P. , Ocaña Jimmy , Cruz‐Luis Juancarlos , Arbizu Carlos I. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe development of anthropic activities and climate change effects impact worldwide species' ecosystems and habitats. Habitats' adequate prediction can be an important tool to assess current and future trends. In addition, it allows strategies development for their conservation. The Neltuma pallida of the forest region in northern Peru, although very significant, has experienced a decline in recent years. The objective of this research is to evaluate the current and future distribution and conservation status of N. pallida in the Peruvian dry forest under climate change (Location: Republic of Peru). A total of 132 forest presence records and 10 variables (bioclimatic, topographic, and soil) were processed and selected to obtain the current and future distribution for 2100, using Google Earth Engine (GEE), RStudio, and MaxEnt. The area under the curve values fell within the range of 0.93–0.95, demonstrating a strong predictive capability for both present and future potential habitats. The findings indicated that the likely range of habitats for N. pallida was shaped by factors such as the average temperature of wettest quarter, maximum temperature of warmest month, elevation, rainfall, and precipitation of driest month. The main suitable areas were in the central regions of the geographical departments of Tumbes, Piura, and Lambayeque, as well as in the northern part of La Libertad. It is critical to determine the habitat suitability of plant species for conservation managers since this information stimulates the development of policies that favor sustainable use programs. In addition, these results can contribute significantly to identify new areas for designing strategies for populations conserving and recovering with an ecological restoration approach.
Remote sensing for site selection in vegetation survey along a successional gradient in post‐industrial vegetation
Authors: Anibaba Quadri A. , Dyderski Marcin K. , Woźniak Gabriela , Jagodziński Andrzej M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVegetation characteristics are an important proxy to measure the outcome of ecological restoration and monitor vegetation changes. Similarly, the classification of remotely sensed images is a prerequisite for many field ecological studies. We have a limited understanding of how the remote sensing approach can be utilized to classify spontaneous vegetation in post‐industrial spoil heaps that dominate urban areas. We aimed to assess whether an objective a priori classification of vegetation using remotely sensed data allows for ecologically interpretable division. We hypothesized that remote sensing‐based vegetation clusters will differ in alpha diversity, species, and functional composition; thereby providing ecologically interpretable division of study sites for further analyses. We acquired remote‐sensing data from Sentinel 2A for each studied heap from July to September 2020. We recorded vascular plant species and their abundance across 400 plots on a post‐coal mine in Upper Silesia, Poland. We assessed differences in alpha diversity indices and community‐weighted means (CWMs) among remote sensing‐based vegetation units. Analysis of remotely sensed characteristics revealed five clusters that reflected transition in vegetation across successional gradients. Analysis of species composition showed that the 1st (early‐succession), 3rd (late‐succession), and 5th (mid‐succession) clusters had 13, 10, and 12 exclusive indicator species, respectively, however, the 2nd and 4th clusters had only one species. While the 1st, 2nd, and 4th can be combined into a single cluster (early‐succession), we found the lowest species richness in the 3rd cluster (late‐succession) and the highest in the 5th cluster (mid‐succession). Shannon's diversity index revealed a similar trend. In contrast, the 3rd cluster (late‐succession) had significantly higher phylogenetic diversity. The 3rd cluster (late‐succession) had the lowest functional richness and the highest functional dispersion. Our approach underscored the significance of a priori classification of vegetation using remote sensing for vegetation surveys. It also highlighted differences between vegetation types along a successional gradient in post‐mining spoil heaps.
Synthesis and Characterization of Diacylthiourea and Diacylthioureato Cu(I) Complexes
Authors: Huo Shuai‐Cong , Ji Peng‐Fei , Wang Piao , Chen Li‐Ping , Wang Wei‐Jue , Yang Ying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA series of six disubstituted diacylthioureas 1,3‐ and 1,4‐C6H4[C(O)NHC(S)NR1R2]2 (L1–6) were synthesized with varied Rn substituents (R1=R2=Et for L1,2; R1=R2=Bn for L3,4; R1=iPr and R2=Ph for L5 (1) and L6 (2)). Treatment of Ln with Cu(I) halide precursors CuX(PPh3)3 (X=Cl, Br, I) produced the discrete binuclear adducts Ln[CuX(PPh3)2]2 (3–11 and 14–16; n=1–3 and 6) by binding to Cu(I) centres via the monodentate‐S mode. In contrast, L4 and L5 yielded only the chloride products of binuclear L4[CuCl(PPh3)2]2 (12) and mononuclear L5CuCl(PPh3)2 (13), respectively, with one S arm in the latter remaining dangling, while bromide or iodide analogues were not available for L4 and L5, possibly due to the steric hindrance imposed by larger halide anions or bulky isopropyl substituents. The reactions of Ln with nitrate [Cu(NO3)(PPh3)2] led to the double‐deprotonation of ligand protons to generate dianions Ln′ (1,3‐/1,4‐C6H4[C(O)NC(S)NR1R2]22−) and led to the consequent formation of binuclear diacylthioureato Cu(I) complexes Ln′[Cu(PPh3)2]2 (n=1 (17), 2 (18), 4 (19)) via the κ‐O,S‐bidentate mode. The obtained ligands and complexes were spectroscopically and structurally characterized. These Cu(I) products (3–19) were experimentally used as catalysts for the oxidation of 1‐phenylethanol.
Gene Expression Profiles of AHNAK2, DCSTAMP, FN1, and TERT Correlate With Mutational Status and Recurrence in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Staubitz‐Vernazza Julia I. , Müller Celine , Heymans Antonia , Nedwed Annekathrin Silvia , Schindeldecker Mario , Hartmann Monika , Kloth Michael , Schad Arno , Roth Wilfried , Musholt Thomas J. , Hartmann Nils 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTPapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the most common malignancy of follicular cell derivation, is generally associated with good prognosis. Nevertheless, it is important to identify patients with aggressive PTCs and unfavorable outcome. Molecular markers such as BRAFV600E mutation and TERT promoter mutations have been proposed for risk stratification. While TERT promoter mutations have been frequently associated with aggressive PTCs, the association of BRAFV600E mutation with increased recurrence and mortality is less clear and has been controversially discussed. The aim of the present study was to analyze whether differentially expressed genes can predict BRAFV600E mutations as well as TERT promoter mutations in PTCs. RNA sequencing identified a large number of differentially expressed genes between BRAFV600E and BRAFwildtype PTCs. Of those, AHNAK2, DCSTAMP, and FN1 could be confirmed in a larger cohort (n = 91) to be significantly upregulated in BRAFV600E mutant PTCs using quantitative RT‐PCR. Moreover, individual PTC expression values of DCSTAMP and FN1 were able to predict the BRAFV600E mutation status with high sensitivity and specificity. The expression of TERT was detected in all PTCs harboring TERT promoter mutations and in 19% of PTCs without TERT promoter mutations. Tumors with both TERT expression and TERT promoter mutations were particularly associated with aggressive clinicopathological features and a shorter recurrence‐free survival. Altogether, it will be interesting to explore the biological function of AHNAK2, DCSTAMP, and FN1 in PTC in more detail. The analysis of their expression patterns could allow the characterization of PTC subtypes and thus enabling a more individualized surgical and medical treatment.
Validation of the Optimal University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale Cutoff Score in Screening for the Prevention of Disability Occurrence Among Older Japanese Adults
Authors: Tomida Kouki , Shimoda Takahiro , Nakajima Chika , Kawakami Ayuka , Shimada Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe association between loneliness and disability is a growing public health priority. While the University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA‐LS) has been internationally used as an indicator for assessing loneliness, its optimal cutoff point in relation to disability occurrence has not yet been examined. Therefore, we aimed to determine the optimal cutoff point of the UCLA‐LS regarding future disability.MethodsThis longitudinal cohort study was conducted in Tokai City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. Overall, 4536 community‐dwelling older adults (age: 73.8 ± 5.5 years; females: 55.2%) were followed up for 2 years. The area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic analysis was calculated to evaluate the optimal cutoff point of the UCLA‐LS in relation to future disability occurrence using the Youden index, which maximized the sensitivity and specificity of the UCLAS‐LS. A survival analysis was conducted to test this cutoff value's external validity, using the presence or absence of disability occurrence as the dependent variable.ResultsThe cutoff score of the UCLA‐LS in relation to future disability was 44 points. An association was found between new disability occurrence and loneliness based on this cutoff value (hazard ratio: 1.67, 95% confidence interval: 1.29–2.16).ConclusionsAlthough cultural context should be taken into account, the optimal cutoff scores for the loneliness scale related to disability identified in this study may be a useful indicator for early recognition of loneliness as a global public health problem and for promoting social participation as one of the disability prevention strategies.
Prediction of thermal efficiency of double pass solar air heater having discrete multi V and staggered ribs
Authors: Ravi Ravi Kant , Kumar Sanjay , Kumar Mukesh , Kumar Manoj , Verma Vikas , Alam Tabish , Yadav Anil Singh , Sharma Abhishek 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis manuscript endeavors to elucidate a comprehensive analysis for the assessment of thermal efficiency in double pass solar air collectors augmented with fabricated roughness, instrumental in the generation of heated air for applications in heating and drying. The analytical procedure delineates comparisons between a smooth and a double‐sided, roughened absorber, characterized by discrete, multi V and staggered configurations of roughness. The analysis was performed for different roughness parameters including relative roughness width (W/w) from 4 to 8 and relative staggered rib size (r/e) from 1 to 4 and relative rib pitch (p′/p) from 0.2 to 0.8 while other parameters were kept constant. The research scrutinizes the impact of a constellation of parameters: the temperature rise coefficient (ΔT/I, varying between 0.002 and 0.02 K‐m²/W), Reynolds number (Re, spanning 2000–20,000), solar irradiance (I, ranging from 600 to 1000 W/m²), and the geometric variables of the artificial roughness, on both the thermal efficiency and efficiency enhancement factor of the collector. The study revealed that the roughened collector exhibits higher thermal efficiency compared to smooth collector for a similar condition. The extreme enhancement in thermal efficiency of the collector with roughness has been found to be 56.75% more than nonroughened collector for Re = 2000. A further observation was made that thermal efficiency has increased sharply for lower flow rate (Re < 10,000) whereas for higher flow rates (Re > 10,000), this increase becomes nearly asymptotic. In addition, the efficiency enhancement factor has also been found to increase with an increase in ΔT/I. A peak value of 2.321 has been found to be obtained for the efficiency enhancement factor for ΔT/I = 0.02 K‐m2/W and I = 1000 W/m2 as a result of the studies conducted.
NDRG2 regulates glucose metabolism and ferroptosis of OGD/R‐treated astrocytes by the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling
Authors: Wu Lin , Cheng Yingying , Wang Runfeng , Sun Shukai , Ma Bo , Zhang Zhiguo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIschemic stroke is one main type of cerebrovascular disorders with leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Astrocytes are the only nerve cell type storing glycogen in the brain, which regulate the glucose metabolism and handle the energy supply and survive of neurons. Astrocyte ferroptosis contributes to neuron injury in brain disorders. N‐myc downstream‐regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) has been implicated in the progression of brain diseases, including ischemic stroke. However, whether NDRG2 could affect the glucose metabolism and ferroptosis of astrocytes during ischemic stroke remains largely unknown. Mouse astrocytes were treated with oxygen‐glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to establish the in vitro model. Glial fibrillary acidic protein, NDRG2, Wnt3a and β‐catenin expression levels were detected by immunofluorescence staining and western blot analyses. Glucose metabolism was investigated by glucose uptake, lactate production, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH/NADP+), ATP and glycolysis enzymes (HK2, PKM2 and lactate dehydrogenase A [LDHA]) levels. Ferroptosis was assessed via reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH), iron and ferroptosis‐related markers (GPX4 and PTGS2) contents. Glycolysis enzymes and ferroptosis‐related markers levels were measured via western blot. NDRG2 expression was elevated in OGD/R‐induced astrocytes. NDRG2 overexpression aggravated OGD/R‐induced loss of glucose metabolism through reducing glucose uptake, lactate production, NADPH/NADP+ and ATP levels. NDRG2 upregulation exacerbated OGD/R‐caused reduction of glycolysis enzymes (HK2, PKM2 and LDHA) levels. NDRG2 promoted OGD/R‐induced ferroptosis of astrocytes by increasing ROS, iron and PTGS2 levels and decreasing GSH and GPX4 levels. NDRG2 overexpression enhanced OGD/R‐induced decrease of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling activation by reducing Wnt3a and β‐catenin expression. NDRG2 silencing played an opposite effect. Inhibition of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling activation by IWR‐1 attenuated the influences of NDRG2 knockdown on glucose metabolism, glycolysis enzymes levels and ferroptosis. These findings demonstrated that NDRG2 contributes to OGD/R‐induced inhibition of glucose metabolism and promotion of ferroptosis in astrocytes through inhibiting Wnt/β‐catenin signaling activation, which might be associated with ischemic stroke progression.
AWGC2023 cachexia consensus as a valuable tool for predicting prognosis and burden in Chinese patients with cancer
Authors: Xie Hailun , Wei Lishuang , Ruan Guotian , Zhang Heyang , Shi Jinyu , Lin Shiqi , Liu Chenan , Liu Xiaoyue , Zheng Xin , Chen Yue , Chen Junqiang , Shi Hanping 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Asian Working Group for Cachexia (AWGC) proposed the first consensus report on diagnostic criteria for cachexia in Asians in 2023. However, the current consensus lacks cohort evidence to validate its effectiveness and practicality. We aimed to explore the value of the AWGC2023 criteria for predicting the prognosis and medical burden of patients with cancer through a retrospective post hoc cross‐sectional analysis of the Investigation on Nutrition Status and its Clinical Outcome of Common Cancers (INSCOC) project in China.MethodsCox regression analyses were performed to assess the independent association between cachexia and long‐term survival. We utilized C‐reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), inflammatory burden index (IBI), albumin (ALB) and Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) as diagnostic markers for cachexia, designating them as CRP‐based cachexia, NLR‐based cachexia, IBI‐based cachexia, ALB‐based cachexia and GPS‐based cachexia, respectively. Additionally, we diagnosed cachexia using body mass index (BMI) cutoff values of 18.5, 20, 21 and 22 kg/m2, respectively, and subsequently compared their prognostic predictive value through Harrell's concordance index (C‐index). Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between cachexia and medical burden.ResultsA total of 5426 patients with cancer were enrolled in this study. Cox regression analysis confirmed that cachexia based on the AWGC2023 criteria was an independent predictor of long‐term survival in patients with cancer. Patients with cachexia had significantly poorer long‐term survival than patients without cachexia (66.4% vs. 49.7%, P < 0.001). Inflammatory biomarker‐based cachexia was as an independent predictor of prognosis in patients with cancer, with inflammatory burden index (IBI)‐based cachexia demonstrating the optimal prognostic discriminatory ability. The C‐index indicated that cachexia based on BMI cutoff values of 18.5, 20, and 22 kg/m2 did not perform as well as a BMI cutoff value of 21 kg/m2. Logistic regression models revealed that using the AWGC2023 criteria, patients with cachexia had a 16.6% higher risk of prolonged hospitalization and a 16.0% higher risk of high medical expenses than patients without cachexia.ConclusionThe AWGC2023 criteria represent a valuable tool for predicting survival and medical burden among Chinese patients with cancer. Encouragement for further validation in other Asian populations is warranted for the AWGC2023 criteria.
A very rare fetal echocardiography diagnosis: Sinus venosus type atrial septal defect with pulmonary venous return abnormality
Authors: Demirci Oya , Uygur Lütfiye 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAtrial septal defect is diagnosed in 1 per 1500 live births. It is classified into four subtypes according to the location. We present the prenatal diagnosis of a fetal sinus venosus type atrial septal defect (SV‐ASD), which is very rarely diagnosed in the prenatal period.
Expanded carrier screening for inherited genetic disease using exome and genome sequencing
Authors: Belnap N. , Ramsey K. , Abraham A. , Ryan A. , Rangasamy S. , Bonfitto A. , Naymik M. , Huentelman M. , Strom S. , Perry D. , Subramaniam A. , Grody W. W. , Szelinger S. , Narayanan V. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe goal of this study was to assess the feasibility of using exome (ES) and genome sequencing (GS) in guiding preconception genetic screening (PCGS) for couples who are planning to conceive by creating a workflow for identifying risk alleles for autosomal recessive (AR) and X‐linked (XL) disorders without the constraints of a predetermined, targeted gene panel. There were several limitations and challenges related to reporting and the technical aspects of ES and GS, which are listed in the discussion. We selected 150 couples from a cohort of families (trios) enrolled in a research protocol where the goal was to define the genetic etiology of disease in an affected child. Pre‐existing, de‐identified parental sequencing data were analyzed to define variants that would place the couple at risk of having a child affected by an AR or XL disorder. We identified 17 families who would be selected for counseling about risk alleles. We noted that only 3 of these at‐risk couples would be identified if we limited ourselves to the current ACMG‐recommended expanded carrier screening gene panel. ES and GS successfully identified couples who are at risk of having a child with a rare AR or XL disorder that would have been missed by the current recommended guidelines. Current limitations of this approach include ethical concerns, difficulties in reporting results including variant calling due to the rare nature of some of the variants, determining which disorders to report, as well as technical difficulties in detecting certain variants such as repeat expansions.
Characteristics of cancer patients dying at home during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A study based on vital statistics from 2015 to 2022 in Japan
Authors: Sun Yu , Masuda Rie , Taniguchi Yuta , Iwagami Masao , Sakata Nobuo , Yoshie Satoru , Komiyama Jun , Yamagishi Kazumasa , Kihara Tomomi , Watanabe Taeko , Takahashi Hideto , Iso Hiroyasu , Tamiya Nanako 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has markedly affected end‐of‐life care, notably increasing home deaths among cancer patients in Japan. This study investigated the characteristics of cancer patients who died at home during the pandemic and the associated factors before and during the pandemic.MethodsVital statistics from January 2015 to December 2022 were analyzed to evaluate trends in home deaths among cancer patients aged 0 to 113 years, pre‐pandemic (January 2015 to March 2020) and during the pandemic (April 2020 to December 2022). Home deaths were assessed by demographics, including age, sex, marital status, and residential location. Multivariable modified Poisson regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with home deaths in both periods.ResultsAmong 3,010,374 individuals, 11.6% (226,571/1,959,304) and 20.8% (218,429/1,051,070) died at home before and during the pandemic, respectively. In subgroup analysis depicting the trend of in‐home deaths by patient characteristics, only the age group showed a differential trend: the proportion of in‐home deaths was higher among older people before the pandemic, whereas it was higher among younger people during the pandemic. The multivariable analysis revealed the excess risk of in‐home deaths among people aged ≥65 years before the pandemic and among those aged <65 years during the pandemic.ConclusionsThe pandemic has increased home‐based end‐of‐life care for terminal cancer patients, particularly younger individuals, possibly due to hospital visit restrictions. Ensuring sufficient resources for both home and hospital care is vital to allow individuals to receive end‐of‐life care in their preferred settings.
Preventive effects of dietary fucoxanthin on ultraviolet A induced photoaging in hairless mice
Authors: Liu Shuyu , Mohri Shinsuke , Tsukamoto Masao , Yanai Yu , Manabe Yuki , Sugawara Tatsuya 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDRepeated exposure to ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation, which can penetrate the epidermis and reach the dermis, is one of the major causes of skin photoaging. Photoaged skin is characterized clinically by generalized wrinkling, a dry and loose appearance, and seborrheic keratoses, along with skin barrier dysfunction. Fucoxanthin, a xanthophyll carotenoid with a specific allenic bond and 5,6‐monoepoxide in its structure, has been found to serve various functions as a food supplement. In the present study, the protective effects of orally administered fucoxanthin at relatively low concentrations (0.001% and 0.01%) against UVA induced photoaging were evaluated in vivo using hairless mice.RESULTSOral supplementation of 0.001% fucoxanthin was sufficient for its metabolites to accumulate in the skin, thereby inhibiting pathological changes induced by UVA irradiation, including impaired skin barrier function and accelerated wrinkle formation. Analysis of gene expression revealed that dietary fucoxanthin exerted antiphotoaging effects, possibly by modulating natural moisturizing factor (NMF) synthesis, desquamation, and ceramide composition in the epidermis, and by inhibiting the UVA induced degradation of collagen fibers and inflammation in the dermis.CONCLUSIONTaken together, our data indicate the potential application of dietary fucoxanthin as a novel ingredient in nutricosmetics for skin care against photoaging. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.