bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-diabetic activity of crude <i>Pistacia lentiscus</i> in alloxan-induced diabetes in rats
Authors: Saad Ur Rehman Muhammad , Hafeez Kamran Sairah , Ahmad Mobasher , Akhtar Usman 
Published: July 2015

<p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-diabetic effect of crude <em>Pistacia lentiscus</em> gum (mastic gum) in alloxan-treated diabetic rat model. The crude <em>P. lentiscus</em> (100 mg/kg) showed significant (p&lt;0.001) reduction in blood glucose as compared to control. Liver function test also showed significant changes (p&lt;0.001) as compared to alloxan-treated group. The results of this study showed that crude <em>P. lentiscus</em> gum have considerable efficacy in curing diabetes and have hepatoprotective effect. </p><p> </p>
Pharmacologically mechanistic basis for the traditional uses of <i>Rumex acetosa</i> in gut motility disorders and emesis
Authors: Hussain Musaddique , Raza Shahid Masood , Janbaz Khalid Hussain 
Published: July 2015

<p class="Abstract"><em>In vitro</em> and<em> in vivo</em> studies were undertaken to evaluate the pharmacologically mechanistic background to validate the traditional uses of <em>Rumex acetosa</em> in the treatment of emesis and gastrointestinal motility disorders such as constipation and diarrhea. In rabbit jejunum preparation, methanolic extract of <em>R. acetosa</em> (0.01-1.0 mg/mL) caused a transient spasmogenic effect, followed by the spasmolytic effect (3-10 mg/mL). In presence of atropine, spasmogenic effect was blocked while spasmolytic effect was emerged, suggesting that spasmogenic effect was mediated through activation of muscarinic receptors. Extract inhibited the K<sup>+ </sup>(80 mM)-induced contraction, suggesting Ca<sup>2+</sup>-cha-nnel blockade, which was further confirmed when pretreatment of tissue with extract shifted the Ca<sup>2+ </sup>concentration-response curves to the right, similarly as verapamil.<em> R. acetosa</em> also exhibited the significant antiemetic activity (p&lt;0.05) against different emetogenic stimuli, when compared with chlorpromazine. This study confirms the presence of gut modulator (spasmogenic and spasmolytic) and antiemetic activates, validating its traditional uses.</p><p> </p>
Prediction of unsteady mixed convection over circular cylinder in the presence of nanofluid- A comparative study of ANN and GEP
Authors: Dey Parsenjit , Sarkar Abhijit , Das Ajoy Kumar 
Published: July 2015

Heat transfer due to forced convection of copper water based nanofluid in the presence of buoyancy has been predicted by the Artificial Neural network (ANN) Gene Expression Programming (GEP). The present nanofluid is formed by mixing copper nano particles in water and the volume fractions are considered here are 0% to 15% and the Reynolds number are varying from 80 to 180. The buoyancy effect is done by introducing Richardson number (Ri) as 1 and -1. The back propagation algorithm is used to train the network. The present ANN and GEP models are trained by the input and output data which has been obtained from the numerical simulation, performed in finite volume based Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) commercial software Fluent. The numerical simulation based results are compared with the back propagation based ANN and GEP results. It is found that the mixed convection heat transfer of water based nanofluid can be predicted correctly by both ANN and GEP but GEP is found more efficient. It is also observed that the back propagation ANN and GEP both can predict the heat transfer characteristics of nanofluid very quickly compared to standard CFD method.
Quality of Sexual Life in Women with Primary Sjögren Syndrome
Authors: Priori Roberta , Minniti Antonina , Derme Martina , Antonazzo Barbara , Brancatisano Filippo , Ghirini Silvia , Valesini Guido , Framarino-dei-Malatesta Marialuisa 
Published: July 2015

Objective.To assess the quality of sexual life of women with primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) and to identify its correlations with disease activity and damage, quality of life, and mood disorders.Methods.The quality of sexual life of 24 women with pSS was assessed with the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Twenty-four healthy women, matched by age and hormonal status, were enrolled as controls. Mood disorders and quality of life were investigated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36. Patients underwent a gynecological visit with vaginal pH measurement, cervicovaginal swabs, and Pap smears. Disease activity and damage were assessed by the European League Against Rheumatism Sjögren syndrome disease activity and damage indexes.Results.Patients with pSS showed a pathological mean FSFI score (19.1 ± 7.33) significantly different from controls (p = 0.004), both in menstruating women (p = 0.006) and in menopausal women (p = 0.03). Major differences between the 2 groups were detected in dyspareunia (p < 0.005), lubrication (p = 0.006), desire (p = 0.004), and arousal (p = 0.018). The FSFI score was inversely correlated with age (p = 0.008) and anxiety HADS (p = 0.031). No early anatomical changes, swabs, and Pap smear alterations were revealed in patients with pSS; however, vaginal pH was higher than normal in premenopausal patients (6.0 ± 0.77).Conclusion.Both premenopausal and postmenopausal women with pSS have a worse sexual quality of life. We reported a greater prevalence of dyspareunia that is statistically significant when compared with controls. The FSFI could be a useful tool to assess this topic, but has been neglected in the care of patients with pSS heretofore.
Development of Image Overlay and Knowledge Transfer Module Technologies Aimed at Enhancing Feasibility and External Validation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging-based Scoring Systems
Authors: Jaremko Jacob L. , Pitts Meaghan , Maksymowych Walter P. , Lambert Robert G. 
Published: July 2015

Objective.Semiquantitative arthritis scoring assesses disease burden by scoring presence/extent of features such as bone marrow lesion (BML) or effusion in multiple anatomic regions at a joint. An image overlay clarifying region borders may enhance feasibility and reliability of these scoring systems. To be scalable for use in large clinical trials, systematic computer-based user training is desirable. We developed an overlay and user training module for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based scoring of hip osteoarthritis (OA).Methods.We designed a semitransparent 2-dimensional image overlay applied to individual MRI slices to facilitate hip OA scoring [HIMRISS (Hip Inflammation MRI Scoring System)], initially using freeware and then in a customized HTML Web browser environment. We developed a systematic knowledge translation package including instructional presentation, fully scored expert consensus cases, and video tutorials for training in the use of these scoring systems with the overlays. Three musculoskeletal radiologists who had not used this scoring system before each performed a scoring exercise with no overlay, then repeated this with overlays after completing the training module. Based on postexercise interviews and a reader survey, we identified and corrected problems in the module. The entire training process was then repeated using 3 new readers.Results.Overlays were considered useful, particularly when integrated into a Web browser. The knowledge translation module was considered conceptually valuable, but as initially implemented was too lengthy and not sufficiently interactive.Conclusion.Semitransparent image overlays and standardized knowledge translation modules for reader training show promise to facilitate reader calibration using MRI-based scoring systems. Based on our experience, knowledge translation modules should emphasize close feedback evaluating performance and reader time efficiency.
Scoring Systems for Outcome Prediction in a Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care Unit: A Comparative Study
Authors: Exarchopoulos Themistocles , Charitidou Efstratia , Dedeilias Panagiotis , Charitos Christos , Routsi Christina 
Published: July 2015

Background
Most scoring systems used to predict clinical outcome in critical care were not designed for application in cardiac surgery patients.

Objectives
To compare the predictive ability of the most widely used scoring systems (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation [APACHE] II, Simplified Acute Physiology Score [SAPS] II, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment [SOFA]) and of 2 specialized systems (European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation [EuroSCORE] II and the cardiac surgery score [CASUS]) for clinical outcome in patients after cardiac surgery.

Methods
Consecutive patients admitted to a cardiac surgical intensive care unit (CSICU) were prospectively studied. Data on the preoperative condition, intraoperative parameters, and postoperative course were collected. EuroSCORE II, CASUS, and scores from 3 general severity-scoring systems (APACHE II, SAPS II, and SOFA) were calculated on the first postoperative day. Clinical outcome was defined as 30-day mortality and in-hospital morbidity.

Results
A total of 150 patients were included. Thirty-day mortality was 6%. CASUS was superior in outcome prediction, both in relation to discrimination (area under curve, 0.89) and calibration (Brier score = 0.043, χ2 = 2.2, P = .89), followed by EuroSCORE II for 30-day mortality (area under curve, 0.87) and SOFA for morbidity (Spearman ρ= 0.37 and 0.35 for the CSICU length of stay and duration of mechanical ventilation, respectively; Wilcoxon W = 367.5, P = .03 for probability of readmission to CSICU).

Conclusions
CASUS can be recommended as the most reliable and beneficial option for benchmarking and risk stratification in cardiac surgery patients.
Extending Seventh-Order Dissipative Compact Scheme Satisfying Geometric Conservation Law to Large Eddy Simulation on Curvilinear Grids
Authors: Jiang Yi , Mao Meiliang , Deng Xiaogang , Liu Huayong 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSeventh-order hybrid cell-edge and cell-node dissipative compact scheme (HDCS-E8T7) is extended to a new implicit large eddy simulation named HILES on stretched and curvilinear meshes. Although the conception of HILES is similar to that of monotone integrated LES (MILES), i.e., truncation error of the discretization scheme itself is employed to model the effects of unresolved scales, HDCS-E8T7 is a new high-order finite difference scheme, which can eliminate the surface conservation law (SCL) errors and has inherent dissipation. The capability of HILES is tested by solving several benchmark cases. In the case of flow past a circular cylinder, the solutions of HILES fulfilling the SCL have good agreement with the corresponding experiment data, however, the flowfield is gradually contaminated when the SCL error is enlarged. With the help of fulling the SCL, ability of HILES for handling complex geometry has been enhanced. The numerical solutions of flow over delta wing demonstrate the potential of HILES in simulating turbulent flow on complex configuration.
Bessel Sequences and Its F-Scalability
Authors: Liu Lei , Zheng Xianwei , Yan Jingwen , Niu Xiaodong 
Published: July 2015

AbstractFrame theory, which contains wavelet analysis and Gabor analysis, has become a powerful tool for many applications of mathematics, engineering and quantum mechanics. The study of extension principles of Bessel sequences to frames is important in frame theory. This paper studies transformations on Bessel sequences to generate frames and Riesz bases in terms of operators and scalability. Some characterizations of operators that mapping Bessel sequences to frames and Riesz bases are given. We introduce the definitions of F-scalable and P-scalable Bessel sequences. F-scalability and P-scalability of Bessel sequences are discussed in this paper, then characterizations of scalings of F-scalable or P-scalable Bessel sequences are established. Finally, a perturbation result on F-scalable Bessel sequences is derived.
SUBSTRATOS RENOVÁVEIS PARA PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE Mimosa scabrella
Authors: Kratz Dagma , Nogueira Antonio Carlos , Wendling Ivar , De Souza Paulo Vitor Dutra 
Published: July 2015

Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar a viabilidade técnica de substratos renováveis à base de fibra de coco, casca de arroz carbonizada em diferentes granulometrias, biossólido e casca de pínus semidecomposta para a produção de mudas de Mimosa scabrella. Para tanto, foram formulados 41 tratamentos, contendo como testemunha substrato comercial à base de casca de pínus, os quais tiveram suas propriedades físicas e químicas avaliadas. Realizou-se semeadura direta em tubetes de 55 cm³, permanecendo por 120 dias em estufa de vidro e 30 dias na área de pleno sol. Observou-se que o substrato comercial à base de casca de pínus e substratos com diferentes combinações de casca de arroz carbonizada e fibra de coco apresentaram-se viáveis para produção de mudas de M. scabrella, enquanto que o componente biossólido mostrou-se inviável. O peneiramento da casca de arroz não se justifica, quando comparado com a casca de arroz carbonizada na sua forma íntegra. Quanto menor a agregação do substrato às raízes, maior a facilidade de retirada das mudas dos tubetes. A densidade, matéria orgânica, pH, condutividade elétrica, salinidade e concentração de magnésio e fósforo influenciaram no crescimento das mudas.Palavras-chave: Bracatinga; biossólido; casca de arroz carbonizada; fibra de coco; propriedades físicas. AbstractRenewable substrates in the seedling production of Mimosa scabrella. The objective of this study was to evaluate the technical feasibility of renewable-based substrates coconut fiber, rice hulls at different grain sizes, sludge and pine bark semi-decomposed for the production of seedlings of M. scabrella. To this end, 41 treatments were formulated, containing commercial substrate as a control the base of pine bark, where they were which were analyzed in relation to their physical and chemical properties. Held tillage in plastic tubes of 55 cm³ for 120 days in a greenhouse of glass and 30 days in the full sun. It was observed that the commercial substrate based on pine bark and the substrates based on different combinations of rice hulls and coconut fiber showed to be viable for production of seedlings of M. scabrella, while the component biosolid had to be unfeasible. Screening of rice husk is not justified when compared with the rice hulls in its entirety. The lower the aggregation in substrate, the easier removal of the seedlings of the tubes. The density, organic matter, pH, electrical conductivity, salinity, magnesium and phosphorus influenced the growth of seedlings.Keywords: Bracatinga; biosolid; rice hulls; coconut fiber; physical properties.
AVALIAÇÃO DO RENDIMENTO EM MADEIRA SERRADA DE Eucalyptus benthamii E DE Eucalyptus grandis POR MEIO DO DESDOBRO TANGENCIAL E RADIAL
Authors: Bayestorff da Cunha Alexsandro , França Morgana Cristina , Faedo de Almeida Caio Cesar , Gorski Luciane , Coelho da Cruz Rodrigo , Dos Santos Dalton 
Published: July 2015

O objetivo foi determinar o aproveitamento do Eucalyptus benthamii e do Eucalyptus grandis no processo de desdobro. A metodologia envolveu duas classes diamétricas (20-25 cm e 25,01-30 cm) e dois sistemas de desdobro (tangencial e radial). O rendimento do desdobro foi obtido pela relação entre o volume de toras e o de madeira serrada, sendo separado em bruto, sem rachaduras, sem destopo e líquido. Na análise do rendimento, adotou-se a Análise da Variância e o Teste de Tukey. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram que o sistema de desdobro tangencial apresentou melhor aproveitamento da matéria-prima. Os tratamentos compostos pelo E. benthamii e sistema tangencial foram os que apresentaram maior redução no rendimento em função da retirada das partes rachadas das peças, enquanto que, para a perda devida ao destopo, as porcentagens encontradas foram equivalentes para ambas as espécies. No rendimento final do processo, houve uma redução do rendimento em madeira serrada, com o aumento do diâmetro das toras para as duas espécies.Palavras-chave: Eucalipto; rachaduras de topo; aproveitamento da matéria-prima; serraria. AbstractEvaluation of the yield in sawnwood of Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden et Cambage and Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden by tangential and radial sawing. The aim was to determine the yield of Eucalyptus benthamii and Eucalyptus grandis in the process of the sawing. The methodology involved two diameter classes (20-25 cm and 25.1-30 cm) and two systems sawing (tangential and radial). The yield of sawing was obtained through the relationship between the volume of logs and lumber, being separated into gross yield, no splits, no trimming and liquid. The analysis yield was adopted the Analysis of Variance and Tukey test. The results demonstrated that the system of tangential sawing showed better utilization of raw-material. The treatments consisted of the E. benthamii and tangential system presented the greatest yield reduction due to the removal of parts of the split pieces, while for the loss due to destopo, the percentages found were similar for both species. In the final yield of the process, there was no reduction of yield in lumber with the increase of the diameter of the logs for both species.Keywords: Eucalypt; log end splits; utilization of raw material; sawmill.
Common Data Elements for Muscle Biopsy Reporting
Authors: Dastgir Jahannaz , Rutkowski Anne , Alvarez Rachel , Cossette Stacy A. , Yan Ke , Hoffmann Raymond G. , Sewry Caroline , Hayashi Yukiko K. , Goebel Hans-Hilmar , Bonnemann Carsten , Lawlor Michael W. 
Published: July 2015

Context
There is no current standard among myopathologists for reporting muscle biopsy findings. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke has recently launched a common data element (CDE) project to standardize neuromuscular data collected in clinical reports and to facilitate their use in research.

Objective
To develop a more-uniform, prospective reporting tool for muscle biopsies, incorporating the elements identified by the CDE project, in an effort to improve reporting and educational resources.

Design
The variation in current biopsy reporting practice was evaluated through a study of 51 muscle biopsy reports from self-reported diagnoses of genetically confirmed or undiagnosed muscle disease from the Congenital Muscle Disease International Registry. Two reviewers independently extracted data from deidentified reports and entered them into the revised CDE format to identify what was missing and whether or not information provided on the revised CDE report (complete/incomplete) could be successfully interpreted by a neuropathologist.

Results
Analysis of the data highlighted showed (1) inconsistent reporting of key clinical features from referring physicians, and (2) considerable variability in the reporting of pertinent positive and negative histologic findings by pathologists.

Conclusions
We propose a format for muscle-biopsy reporting that includes the elements in the CDE checklist and a brief narrative comment that interprets the data in support of a final interpretation. Such a format standardizes cataloging of pathologic findings across the spectrum of muscle diseases and serves emerging clinical care and research needs with the expansion of genetic-testing therapeutic trials.
Low-threshold-current operation of membrane distributed-feedback laser with surface grating bonded on Si substrate
Authors: Atsuji Yuki , Doi Kyohei , Hiratani Takuo , Inoue Daisuke , Lee Jieun , Atsumi Yuki , Amemiya Tomohiro , Nishiyama Nobuhiko , Arai Shigehisa 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
A lateral-current-injection (LCI) membrane distributed-feedback (DFB) laser with a surface grating structure (incorporating a slight step) emitting in the 1550 nm wavelength range was fabricated on a Si substrate by the adhesive bonding of benzocyclobutene. For a semiconductor membrane thickness of 158 nm and a surface grating depth of 30 nm, a threshold current of as low as 390 µA, with a corresponding threshold current density of 540 A/cm2, was obtained for a cavity length of 360 µm and a stripe width of 0.2 µm under a room-temperature continuous-wave (RT-CW) condition.
Ultimate efficiency limit of single-junction perovskite and dual-junction perovskite/silicon two-terminal devices
Authors: Almansouri Ibraheem , Ho-Baillie Anita , Green Martin A. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Theoretical calculation based on detailed balance and incorporating different realistic optical and electrical losses predicts conversion efficiency beyond 22% for single-junction perovskite devices. In dual-junction perovskite/silicon devices, theoretical conversion efficiency around 40% is been determined. However, dramatic drop in the conversion efficiency is shown to be due to the glass reflection and FTO parasitic absorption losses. Additionally, practical conversion efficiency limits of dual-junction two-terminal perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell of 30% are achievable as reported in this work using state-of-the-art demonstrated devices. Additionally, various crystalline silicon (industry and laboratory demonstrated) technologies are used as the bottom cell for the current matched tandem cell stacks with higher relative improvements when using commercial c-Si solar cells. Moreover, the effect of eliminating the parasitic resistances and enhancing the external radiative efficiency (ERE) in the perovskite junction on tandem performance are also investigated enhancing the stack efficiencies.
The Use of Herpes Simplex Virus in Ex Vivo Slice Culture
Authors: Friedman Allyson K. , Han Ming‐Hu 
Published: July 2015

AbstractHerpes simplex virus (HSV) can be used for a wide range of genetic manipulations in ex vivo slices of central nervous system tissue from both young and adult rodents. The fast expression of the HSV viral‐mediated gene transfer, which can be engineered to produce cell‐type specificity, can be utilized in slice cultures for a variety of purposes over a 1‐ to 4‐day period with spatial and temporal specificity. This protocol exploits the rapid expression of HSV viral vectors by utilizing slice culture for electrophysiological recordings, avoiding the need to do intracranial viral injections. Brain slice cultures maintain many aspects of in vivo biology, including functional local synaptic circuitry with preserved brain architecture, while allowing good experimental access and precise control of the extracellular environment, making them ideal platforms for quick access to evaluate expression effects of HSV viral‐mediated gene transfer on the molecular and cellular properties of specific neurons. This protocol provides an easy way to study neuronal function following viral expression of a gene of interest. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Isolation of Nascent Transcripts with Click Chemistry
Authors: Yildirim Ozlem 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSteady‐state levels of cellular RNA are determined by both transcriptional rate and RNA half‐life. Commonly used methods for transcriptional analysis are only capable of profiling total RNA and do not distinguish changes in synthesis and decay rates. Hence, a better understanding of the temporal dynamics of cellular response for a given condition at the transcriptional level requires techniques for the analysis of nascent transcripts. Here we describe a protocol that allows isolation of nascent transcripts with a copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) also known as a click chemistry reaction. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.