bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Eastern International
Authors: Kirasirova Masha 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Eastern International is a study of how the concept of “the East” was used by the world’s first communist state and its mediators to organize space and to project, channel, and contest power across Eurasia. It is a story of how various intermediaries tried to shape the global conversation about decolonization in an effort to build support and win global legitimacy for the Soviet Union as an anticolonial state power. They succeeded in this task because the ideas of anticapitalism, antifascism, and liberation from colonial exploitation inspired so many around the world. Recontextualizing Soviet history within a global frame, the volume shows how the USSR popularized critiques of capitalism, fascism, and colonialism through propaganda, education, cultural relations, and later, through political and economic aid in international “Eastern” regions, as it all the while concealed other inequalities and forms of exploitation, including in its “domestic East.” By telling these stories while concealing others, these mediators contributed to the marginalization of the Soviet Union from conversations about cultural and political decolonization happening in the Middle East and elsewhere. The book reinscribes Soviet history into postcolonial studies and global history.
Arabization, Purges, and Terror
Authors: Kirasirova Masha 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the 1930s the USSR became an ever more hermetic place of cultural autarchy, and Soviet nation-makers placed greater emphasis on majoritarian ethnonationalism. In regions under British and French mandate rule, anticolonial nationalist movements gained traction. And the boundaries between the Jewish and Arab communities in Palestine became more entrenched after violent clashes in 1929. Yet KUTV remained a “portal” of foreign and domestic ideas about the East. Namely, interpretations of domestic conflict between Russian colonial settlers and indigenous Muslims in Turkestan shaped interpretations of Comintern policy vis-à-vis Palestine, and foreign communists could be punished with exile to the domestic East. Ultimately, these dynamics and the wider 1930s Soviet purges led to the elimination of many high-ranking Jews employed at KUTV and in the Comintern, especially those with any connections to Palestine, Egypt, or Syria-Lebanon, paving the way for others to take their place as intermediaries of party-state activities in the East.
Muslim Tradition Forbids Reciting the Qur’an While Drunk
Authors: Kirasirova Masha 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
World War II turned Stalin’s attention away from the Eastern Mediterranean. Ironically, as Soviet interest in the East declined, interest in the Soviet Union as a symbol of antifascism, anti-Westernism, and antimaterialism grew for many left-leaning intellectuals, including some in Syria in Lebanon. In 1947, a delegation of Syrian and Lebanese leftists visited the Soviet Union and toured the domestic East on the invitation of a Soviet cultural diplomacy organization. This chapter follows these visitors as they engaged with Russian, Jewish, and Central Asian intellectuals on cultural politics, socialist realism, and late Stalinist censorship. It concludes that these visitors’ Eurocentric approach to the USSR, and a desire to protect it as a symbol of alternative modernity, required consciously overlooking various anticosmopolitan repressions happening across the Soviet Union, including those in the Soviet East.
The Eastern International in an Age of Globalization
Authors: Kirasirova Masha 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
As the narrative threads connecting the two Easts unraveled, Soviet institutions continued to facilitate more emotive and less historically grounded linkages between them. In the early 1970s, despite the brutal repression of communists in Ba‘athist Syria and Iraq, the Soviet Komsomol still invited Syrian and Iraqi youth to celebrate Arab-Soviet “friendship” in Tashkent and Dushanbe, against the same backdrop used for decades to host their communist victims. These linkages, as well as the general expansion of Soviet commitments in Asia and Africa, were fueled by proceeds of the 1973 oil revolution. The late 1980s collapse of the Soviet economy and institutions correlated with the explicit reversal of multiple assumptions underlying the Eastern International. Despite these contractions and reversals, legacies of its connections continue to animate regional politics into the 2020s.
Conclusion
Authors: Kirasirova Masha 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The conclusion explores the legacies of the Eastern International for post-Soviet regional politics, wider transregional connections across Eurasia, and intellectuals’ conceptions of decolonization, nationalism, and the relevance of the past. One of its most important legacies is the erasure of this historical past in its various historical contexts: Central Asian republics that have differently applied the postcolonial frame to their past while ignoring the complex history of many of the victims of repressions who were loyal to the Soviet regime and at times acted as executioners themselves; Putin’s regime that has revived anti-Westernism but repressed critical examination of the past; Arab politicians and Leftist intellectuals who adjusted to the Soviet collapse by reorienting themselves around new challenges and pressures. The conclusion makes the case for seeing the world of the Eastern International and its protagonists’ roles as critical to integrating Soviet and Middle Eastern history and both into the global history of the twentieth century.
Discrepant Results in Mental Health Research
Authors: De Los Reyes Andres 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Discrepant Results in Mental Health Research probes the most common outcomes of mental health studies. Discrepant results appear in scores of studies traversing the globe—a literature dating back to the 1950s. This literature reveals that any two studies often differ in their estimates of anything from the prevalence of mental health conditions to the effects of mental health treatments. In fact, researchers often encounter discrepant results among findings made in a single study! Discrepant results factor into what researchers think they know about how often mental health conditions occur, what causes them, and how to treat them. Yet, researchers do not know what to do with discrepant results when they encounter them. The problem is not with their methods—discrepant results appear even when researchers use high-quality instruments to collect data. The problem lies with how researchers interpret their data and the decisions they make with those data. To address this problem, this book reveals a conceptually grounded, evidence-based approach to discrepant results in mental health research. It describes the robust nature of discrepant results, along with theoretical models for understanding and interpreting them. These models inform sound scientific practices; the book reviews work that has implemented these practices, and it leverages illustrative case examples to facilitate content mastery. It also describes future directions in research on discrepant results across several areas of work, including measurement development, intervention science, data analysis, and clinical populations that have received relatively little attention on issues surrounding discrepant results (e.g., suicide risk, autism).
Should Discrepant Results Promote a Crisis of Confidence?
Authors: De Los Reyes Andres 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chapter 3 of Discrepant Results in Mental Health Research describes the hypothesis-testing process in mental health research. This process stems from an emphasis on converging results and deeming discrepant results as having no value. In theory, this process should also deem discrepant results as inconclusive evidence, thus making much of the evidence base of mental health conditions, what causes them, and how to treat them inconclusive as well. In practice, hypothesis-testing in mental health research includes a built-in feature that allows researchers to assume that discrepant results do not even “count” as evidence, and therefore can be ignored. This chapter reviews examples of this feature at work and the dire consequences it has for accurately interpreting the findings of mental health research.
How Discrepant Results Reveal Blueprints for Discovery
Authors: De Los Reyes Andres 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chapter 4 of Discrepant Results in Mental Health Research introduces the concept of domain-relevant information. In measurement, researchers construct validity criteria to reflect domain-relevant information. As such, this information factors into the means through which researchers interpret the results of mental health assessments. This chapter articulates strategies that extend use of domain-relevant information to studies designed to interpret discrepant results. It also connects domain-relevant information to a notion about what discrepant results might reflect, namely the notion of situational specificity. Importantly, the concept of domain-relevant information facilitates updating the relationship between measurement in mental health and physics by framing converging results and discrepant results as analogous to matter and dark matter, respectively. In so doing, this chapter articulates how these contemporary concepts in physics set new boundary conditions for what it is physically possible to observe in terms of valid results produced by mental health research.
The CONTEXT Validation Paradigm
Authors: De Los Reyes Andres 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chapter 8 of Discrepant Results in Mental Health Research describes a validation paradigm that instantiates in measurement the concepts that underlie the operations triad model. This paradigm—classifying observations necessitates theory, epistemology, and testing (CONTEXT)—is a concrete representation of the links among converging and discrepant results and validity criteria. This chapter delineates CONTEXT’s features. The chapter also distinguishes CONTEXT’s features from those of the dominant measurement validation paradigm in psychology, the multi-trait–multi-method matrix. In mental health research, the CONTEXT paradigm outperforms the multi-trait–multi-method matrix paradigm because it leverages the explanatory power of both converging results and discrepant results.
Constructing Measurement Batteries
Authors: De Los Reyes Andres 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chapter 9 of Discrepant Results in Mental Health Research introduces the concept of the measurement battery. The composition of measurement batteries is dictated by the characteristics of the instruments contained in them. These characteristics facilitate addressing two ubiquitous sets of questions germane to measurement batteries. First, how extensive should a battery be in terms of use of data sources and validity criteria? Second, how extensive should a battery be in terms of coverage of mental health domains and measurement modalities? Using the four characteristics of measurement batteries contained in these two questions—data sources, validity criteria, mental health domains, and measurement modalities—this chapter links measurement batteries to the objectives of assessments. These objectives can be broadly distinguished by studies that address questions about psychological measurement versus studies that address substantive questions about mental health phenomena (e.g., prevalence of mental disorders, risk factors, outcomes of mental health treatments).
Analytic Procedures
Authors: De Los Reyes Andres 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chapter 21 of Discrepant Results in Mental Health Research outlines directions for future research on analytic procedures used to integrate or model mental health data. Researchers must not only consider new approaches to designing the next generation of mental health instruments; they also ought to consider strategies for refining existing analytic procedures. Researchers must also focus on developing procedures that transform how they integrate or model data collected with large samples and standardized assessment batteries. Further, researchers must develop procedures for integrating case-level data as these procedures have the potential to significantly advance researchers’ abilities to improve the clinical utility of scores taken from mental health instruments. Researchers would also benefit from computer applications that provide them with feedback about the fit between procedures’ usage assumptions and the data conditions to which they will be applied. This feedback would facilitate open scientific practices regarding which procedures researchers use and when they use them.
Clinical Populations
Authors: De Los Reyes Andres 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chapter 22 of Discrepant Results in Mental Health Research outlines directions for future research on clinical populations that have historically received relatively little attention in terms of the discrepant results produced in assessments of individuals within these populations. First, the chapter describes the challenges of and opportunities for studying discrepant results when assessing the mental health of adults. Second, the chapter highlights innovative directions for future research on discrepant results when assessing autism. Third, the chapter delineates important directions for future research on discrepant results when assessing risk for suicide. Fourth, the chapter describes strategies for conducting research focused on interpreting discrepant results within and across cultures.
The Power of Discrepant Results
Authors: De Los Reyes Andres 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chapter 24 of Discrepant Results in Mental Health Research serves as a conclusion to the content covered in the book. The chapter highlights how the book rewrites the story of psychological measurement’s relationship with physics. The old story traces back to the theory of errors. To this day, researchers see the byproducts of this old story and in a way that cuts across all of psychological research, not just mental health. The new story rekindles psychology’s relationship with physics but by linking measurement in mental health to concepts in physics that accurately reflect the kinds of data produced by mental health research. Updating psychological measurement’s relationship with physics allows researchers to ask bold questions that will dramatically impact mental health research and optimize decision-making when it comes to interpreting assessments and leveraging the data they produce.
Reading Miscellany in the Roman Empire
Authors: DiGiulio Scott J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aulus Gellius and his sole surviving work, the Noctes Atticae (NA), have long stood on the periphery of classical scholarship. This second-century ce compilation, conventionally termed a miscellany, collects vast amounts of otherwise lost ancient literature, and the depictions of scholarly activity throughout the work have led some to see in Gellius a kindred spirit—a classicist avant la lettre. Yet, the NA is a fascinating work of literature in its own right, depicting the intellectual and literary culture at the height of the Roman Empire and offering invaluable evidence for the evolution of Latin prose as a literary form in the Antonine period. In contrast to previous scholarship that looks past the randomness of the NA, this book argues that the conceit of disorder enabled Gellius to probe the nature of reading in the second century ce. Gellius’ central preoccupation is articulating a distinct set of “ways of reading” that may be employed to navigate the web of literature in the Roman Empire. In turn, each of these ways of reading—through material framing devices, focal characters, recurrent citations in dialogue with one another, and allusive references to other near-contemporary works—can be used to examine Gellius’ collection and appreciate its literary qualities. Incorporating inter- and intratextual analysis alongside narratology-informed approaches, this book investigates the strategies used by Gellius to innovate within the Latin literary tradition and provides a framework for interpreting his varietas on its own terms.
Confronting Variety in the NA
Authors: DiGiulio Scott J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter analyzes numerous instantiations of varietas in the Noctes Atticae and the ways in which they produce meaning. It demonstrates that Aulus Gellius’ prescribed way of reading, discussed in the previous chapter, is necessary to appreciate his literary project. Starting from the few instances of repetition in adjacent chapters (2.8–9, 5.10–11, 10.25–7), it interrogates how Gellius constructs productive tension between the constituent parts of the text. The chapter then applies this approach across books by adopting a character-centered intratextual reading to focus on the representation of the imperial tutor Fronto. By way of conclusion, it applies these Gellian reading strategies to the end of the second book (NA 2.20–30), articulating the connections across those chapters to illustrate one of Gellius’ primary concerns—the necessity of reading his work critically.
The Poetics of Prose
Authors: DiGiulio Scott J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines Aulus Gellius’ knowledge of the Latin poetry book in the Noctes Atticae. His allusion to Horace in his Preface (NA pref.20) situates his work within the broader world of poetic collections. His own reference echoes Pliny the Elder’s invocations of Catullus and Horace. However, where Pliny attests to the richness of his enterprise, Gellius situates his miscellany within the poetic sphere, drawing on his Republican and early Augustan predecessors and their Alexandrian aesthetic to craft a novel form of prose. These prosaics emerge at the outset of the work proper, as Gellius assembles the first ten chapters into a suite that function much like the Parade Odes of Horace and Pliny the Younger’s Parade Letters. These chapters respond to one another, forming distinctive interpretive units that outline major themes and introduce the chief characters and settings of the NA.
How to Read a Book
Authors: DiGiulio Scott J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter applies the methodologies developed in the previous chapters to demonstrate the unity of a single book of Aulus Gellius’ miscellany. It discerns several intersecting threads that provide coherence to the varietas of Noctes Atticae Book 3. Gellius focuses on the Republican scholar Varro, who is invoked on a number of topics (3.2, 3.3, 3.10, 3.11, 3.14, 3.16). In these intratextually linked citations, Gellius shifts Varro from his traditional authoritative position, questioning disconnects between his works and encouraging the reader to do the same. Varronian authority revolves helix-like around the other central themes of the book: Gellius’ own interpretation of similar sources, and Favorinus’ place within Roman knowledge systems. The interconnectedness of these strands brings Roman identity and Roman scholarship into dialogue; by reading them alongside one another, Gellius demonstrates a method of utilizing Roman Republican literature and scholarship to construct Antonine Roman identity.
Informal Institutions
Authors: Aspers Patrik 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Uncertainty reduction makes sense only against the backdrop of certainty; because we are certain about something, something else may appear to be uncertain. Both informal and formal institutions are upheld by sanctions, provide regularity of behaviour and offer decision-makers predictability concerning actors’ behaviour. This chapter addresses the informal institutions that have grown as a result of actors mutually adjusting to one another. These institutions are taken for granted and thereby upheld by people, because they are internalized and ‘embodied’. Norms and established ways of doing things are examples of what brings certainty to one’s own actions and one’s expectations of others’ actions. People can orient themselves to an institution to know what to do and what the consequences of their actions are likely to be, but they can also predict that others will comply with existing institutions, thus also predicting their behaviour.
Protestant Christianity and Practical Philosophy
Authors: Svensson Manfred 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chapter 3 offers a general overview of the way in which the Protestant commentators understood the nature of practical philosophy. Practical philosophy has its own object, its own method, its own goal, and it is thus a significantly independent branch of knowledge. Among the authors we discuss, this relative independence of practical philosophy was not perceived as threatening or as incoherent with the ultimately theological commitments of the commentators. They did, however, explicitly discuss how this practical philosophy stood vis-à-vis their Christian faith. This was often done in the prefaces, and the law-gospel distinction was the most common tool used to address the topic. This chapter covers the range of ways in which the commentators addressed this question and the related Aristotelian conviction that moral philosophy serves to make men good.
Introduction
Authors: Purdon Mark 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the introduction research questions are introduced: Under what conditions are climate finance instruments effective in reducing emissions? Whether REDD+ and NAMAs, which have largely been built upon norms of developmental environmentalism, have been more effective than the CDM that has reflected ideas of liberal environmentalism? The chapter also defines the dependent variable (policy effectiveness, including policy programming, policy implementation, and policy outcomes) as well as the independent variable (domestic political economy factors, including development policy paradigms, state development interests, and political settlements). The chapter includes a summary of the main argument as well as research design.
Development Policy Paradigms in Tanzania, Uganda, and Moldova
Authors: Purdon Mark 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Detailed discussion of policy paradigms of the case-study countries, namely Uganda, Tanzania, and Uganda, which are the focus of this book, is found in this chapter. Particular attention is paid to state responses to liberal economic reforms during the neoliberal period, given that it has been promoted by the international community in a relatively consistent way until at least the 2008 global financial crisis. While all have seen important liberal economic reforms in their histories, the degree to which each country has embraced neoliberalism has differed. The chapter presents initial evidence that the development policy paradigm of Uganda and Moldova reflects many elements of liberal neodevelopmentalism while that of Tanzania demonstrates a hybrid classic developmental and neodevelopmental policy paradigm.
The Music of the Future
Authors: Munro Martin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This book argues that to understand and begin to transform the past, present, and future of Caribbean relations with its invaders, oppressors, visitors, and tourists, one must do so at the node of sound and vision. That is, Caribbean studies of all kinds—literary, historical, ethnographic, philosophical—should pay fuller attention to the ways in which sound and vision are fundamental elements in Caribbean histories, societies, and cultures. The book argues for a broad realignment of Caribbean studies, and that there is a particular need for scholars to pay attention to sound, as most work to date has tended not to explore fully the sonic dimensions of Caribbean art, literature, travel writing, history, and society. Sound cannot however be isolated completely and indefinitely from vision, as these two elements are still as closely connected as they have ever been in the Caribbean, to the point where they almost fuse into another, hybrid sense in which might be found the knotty truths and realities of the region, its people, and its relations with others.