bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individualized activity recommendation based on a physical fitness assessment increases short- and long-term regular physical activity in people with multiple sclerosis in a retrospective cohort study
Authors: van der Ven Eva , Patra Stefan , Riemann-Lorenz Karin , Kauschke Katrin , Freese-Schwarz Katrin , Welsch Götz , Krause Nicole , Heesen Christoph , Rosenkranz Sina Cathérine 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundDespite the evidence of beneficial effects of physical activity (PA), people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) are less physically active than the general population. To increase PA in pwMS, we developed a structured individually tailored PA promotion program which is conducted within clinical practice in a university-based outpatient clinic since 2016. This study serves as retrospective quality control of this program.ObjectiveIn a retrospective cohort study, we assessed the physical fitness of pwMS and the impact of the program on short- and long-term PA changes and behavioral determinants.MethodsThe program consisted of four appointments each 2–4 weeks apart. Spiroergometric test results of female pwMS were compared to female non-MS controls who underwent a voluntary physical fitness analysis. The short version of the Freiburger questionnaire, self-developed questions and the modified Physical activity screening questionnaire (PASQ) were sent to all participants assessing the PA levels before the program, 3 months after the program (short-term), and at the time of the survey (long-term). Additionally, established questionnaires assessed behavioral determinants before the program and long-term.ResultsA total of 166 participants [mean age 38.32 (± 10.61 SD), mean EDSS 2.30 (±1.29 SD)] and mostly females (63.3%, n = 105) were included in the study and started the program. A total of 136 participants completed the program. Out of these 63.9% (n = 87) answered the questionnaires in 12.38 (±11.34 SD) months after finishing the program. At baseline female pwMS (n = 100) showed a lower physical fitness in comparison to non-MS controls (n = 26) (maximal workload (Watts): 138.86 ± 37.85 vs. 191.73 ± 45.25, p &lt; 0.001; peak oxygen consumption (ml min−1 kg−1): 26.40 ± 7.23 vs. 31.56 ± 10.10, p = 0.020). pwMS were more regularly active in short- (62.1%) and long-term (55.2%) compared to baseline (24.2%, p &lt; 0.001). Among the activated participants, we observed improved internal motivation (p = 0.002) and decreased perception of barriers (p = 0.006) compared to baseline.ConclusionPwMS showed a lower physical fitness in comparison to non-MS controls. An individually tailored PA promotion program might improve behavioral determinants and thereby increase short- and long-term PA levels of pwMS.
Ultra-early neurological deterioration following a brain arteriovenous malformation rupture
Authors: Shotar Eimad , Chiaroni Pierre-Marie , Haffaf Idriss , Cortese Jonathan , Jacquens Alice , Garzelli Lorenzo , Allard Julien , Elhorany Mahmoud , Amouyal Caroline , Mathon Bertrand , Nouet Aurélien , Premat Kévin , Lenck Stéphanie , Sourour Nader-Antoine , Degos Vincent , Clarençon Frédéric 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThis study aims to explore the impact of ultra-early neurological deterioration (U-END) on the outcome (mortality and poor neurological status) following a brain arteriovenous malformation (BAVM) rupture and identify determinants of U-END.MethodsPatients with BAVM ruptures admitted to a single tertiary care center were retrospectively reviewed. U-END was defined as a worsening by two or more points on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). U-END was tested as a potential predictor of in-hospital mortality and poor outcomes. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify determinants of U-END. Patients with U-END were also matched and compared with BAVM rupture controls presenting with a GCS close or equal to either their initial or their lowest GCS.ResultsA total of 248 patients with BAVM ruptures met the inclusion criteria, with 39 (15.7%) patients presenting with U-END. U-END was not associated with and was not an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality (12.8 vs. 10.5% in the rest of the study population; p = 0.67) or poor outcomes (39.5 vs. 36.9%; p = 0.77). The only independent determinants of U-END were hydrocephalus (OR 2.6 [95%CI, 1.1–6.4]; p = 0.03) and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH; OR 3.5 [95%CI, 1.1–11.7]; p = 0.04). When compared to the initial GCS control group, U-END patients more often presented with IVH (89.5 vs. 64.1%; p = 0.009) and hydrocephalus (73 vs. 38.5%; p = 0.003). When compared to the lowest GCS control group, U-END patients had lower early S100B serum levels (0.35 ± 0.37 vs. 0.83 ± 1; p = 0.009) and a lower rate of poor outcome (39.5 vs. 64.9%; p = 0.03).ConclusionUltra-early neurological deterioration in ruptured BAVMs did not result in increased mortality or poor outcomes and was most often related to IVH and hydrocephalus.
Renal protective and immunoregulatory effects of Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota in nephropathy-prone mice
Authors: Chan Chun-Wai , Chen Yu-Ting , Lin Bi-Fong 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe incidence of severe acute kidney injury (AKI) is considerably high worldwide. A previous study showed that gut microbial dysbiosis was a hallmark of AKI in mice. Whether the probiotic Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota (LcS) plays a role in kidney disease, particularly AKI, remains unclear.MethodsTo investigate the effects of LcS on kidney injury, tubule-specific conditional von Hippel–Lindau gene-knockout C57BL/6 mice (Vhlhdel/del mice) were supplemented without (Ctrl) or with probiotics (LcS) in Experiment 1, and their lifespan was monitored. Additionally, the Vhlhdel/+ mice were supplemented without (Ctrl and AA) or with probiotics (LcS and LcS + AA) in Experiment 2. Probiotic LcS (1 × 109 colony-forming units) was supplemented once daily. After 4 weeks of LcS supplementation, AA and LcS + AA mice were administered aristolochic acid (AA; 4 mg/kg body weight/day)-containing purified diet for 2 weeks to induce AA nephropathy before sacrifice.ResultsSupplementation of LcS significantly prolonged the lifespan of Vhlhdel/del mice, suggesting a potential renal protective effect. AA induced-nephropathy increased not only the indicators of renal dysfunction and injury, including urinary protein and kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1, serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine, but also serum interleukin (IL)-6 levels, renal macrophage infiltrations, and pathological lesions in Vhlhdel/+ mice. LcS supplementation significantly reduced urinary protein and KIM-1 levels, serum BUN and IL-6 levels, and renal M1 macrophages, tissue lesions, and injury scores. We also found that LcS maintained gut integrity under AA induction and increased intestinal lamina propria dendritic cells. Furthermore, LcS significantly reduced pro-inflammatory IL-17A and upregulated anti-inflammatory IL-10 production by immune cells from intestinal Peyer’s patches (PP) or mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), and significantly increased IL-10 and reduced IL-6 production by splenocytes.ConclusionPrior supplementation with probiotic LcS significantly alleviated the severity of renal injury. This renal protective effect was partially associated with the enhancements of intestinal and systemic anti-inflammatory immune responses, suggesting that LcS-induced immunoregulation might contribute to its renal protective effects.
Effects of vitamin D supplementation on muscle strength in middle-aged and elderly individuals: a retrospective, propensity score-matched study
Authors: Qi Peiyao , Fu Xiaomin , Zhao Dan , Li Chunlin , Lu Yanhui , Li Nan 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe aim of this study is to investigate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on the muscle strength of the elderly.MethodsThis retrospective, propensity score-matched study included 160 middle-aged and elderly individuals from a community in Beijing, China. The control group (n=110) received health education and lifestyle guidance, while the intervention group (n=50) was given oral vitamin D supplementation in addition to health education and lifestyle guidance. All participants underwent laboratory tests, muscle function, and physical function at baseline and follow-up.ResultsIn the propensity score-matched cohort of 41 patients per group, the levels of serum calcium and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in both groups were improved significantly by the end of the study (p&lt;0.05), with the intervention group showing a more significant improvement. The muscle strength of the left lower limb in the intervention group significantly increased after the intervention (p&lt;0.05). The results also showed that the grip strength and pinch strength of the patients in both groups increased after the intervention, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p&lt;0.05).DiscussionThe findings of this study suggest that vitamin D supplementation, in conjunction with lifestyle guidance and health education, is beneficial for enhancing the upper and lower limb strength of patients.
Prevalence of anxiety and depression among patients with glaucoma
Authors: Giacometti Heloisa Helena Abil Russ , Coelho Laura Fernandes , Iankilevich Liana Grupenmacher , Valentin Livia Stocco Sanches , Ferreira Luciana Amizo , Balbino Marcos , Seixas Regina Cele Silveira 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression among patients with glaucoma compared to the average Brazilian prevalence (9.8% of anxiety and 5.8% of depression, according to the World Health Organization) and its correlation with the severity of the disease.MethodsThis was a transversal, single-arm trial of patients from four glaucoma centers in São Paulo and Curitiba—Brazil. Patients comprised adults at least 18 years of age with glaucoma diagnosis under treatment for at least 6 months. All subjects of the study answered two questionnaires (PHQ-9 and GAD-7) to evaluate the presence of anxiety and depression, and the results were analyzed accordingly to clinical and demographic characteristics.ResultsThe protocol included a total of 210 patients. The average age was 61.6 ± 15.3 years, and the female gender was more common (68.86%). Primary open-angle glaucoma was the most common diagnosis (59.90%). The average IOP was 18.5 mmHg, and 1.5 anti-glaucoma drops were the mean treatment. The prevalence of depression and anxiety was 26.90 and 25.71%, respectively. Most patients with anxiety were classified as early glaucoma, while those with depression had severe glaucoma.ConclusionThis study found that the prevalence of anxiety and depression among patients with glaucoma is higher than in the general population in our country.
Interrupted time series analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and compulsory social health insurance system on fertility rates: a study of live births in Kazakhstan, 2019–2023
Authors: Karibayeva Indira , Moiynbayeva Sharapat , Akhmetov Valikhan , Yerkenova Sandugash , Shaikova Kuralay , Moshkalova Gaukhar , Mussayeva Dina , Tarakova Bibinur 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic triggered global health crises, affecting population health directly through infections and fatalities, and indirectly by increasing the burden of chronic diseases due to disrupted healthcare access and altered lifestyle behaviors. Amidst these challenges, concerns regarding reproductive health and fertility rates have emerged, necessitating an understanding of their implications for policymaking and healthcare planning. Furthermore, Kazakhstan’s healthcare landscape underwent significant changes with the reintroduction of compulsory social health insurance system in January 2020, coinciding with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and compulsory social health insurance system on fertility rates in Kazakhstan by examining live birth data from 2019 to 2024.MethodsUsing Interrupted Time Series analysis, we evaluated the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown announcement and compulsory social health insurance system implementation on monthly birth rates, adjusted for the number of women of reproductive age from January 2019 to December 2023.ResultsIn the final model, the coefficients were as follows: the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown was estimated at 469 (SE = 2600, p = 0.8576); the centering variable was estimated at 318 (SE = 222, p = 0.1573), suggesting no significant trend in monthly birth rates over time; the insurance effect was estimated at 7,050 (SE = 2,530, p &lt; 0.01); and the effect of the number of women of reproductive age was estimated at -0.204 (SE = 0.0831, p = 0.01).DiscussionThe implementation of the compulsory social health insurance system, rather than the announcement of the COVID-19 lockdown, has had a significant positive impact on live birth rates in Kazakhstan. However, despite governmental efforts, live birth rates are declining, potentially due to unaddressed health needs of fertile women and economic challenges. Urgent policy-level actions are needed to address gaps in healthcare services and promote reproductive health.
Detecting groundwater dependence and woody vegetation restoration with NDVI and moisture trend analyses in an Indonesian karst savanna
Authors: Godwin Penelope , Tian Siyuan , Duvert Clément , Wurm Penny , Riwu Kaho Norman , Edwards Andrew 
Published: August 2024

Woody vegetation restoration projects are an important feature of landscape function in Indonesian karst savannas. Understanding the relationship between available moisture and vegetation condition can assist with the planning and implementation of revegetation efforts. Working at vegetation restoration sites in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, we applied a windowed cross-correlation method to mean values of NDVI to examine the lag between moisture input and NDVI response for both rainfall and soil moisture between 1999 and 2018. To test for increasing or decreasing trends in NDVI and rainfall time series, we undertook Mann–Kendall trend analyses. We identified increasing trends in Landsat 7 NDVI at two of four restoration sites, with annual increases in NDVI of 2.7 and 3.74 × 10−4 respectively. We found that rainfall dependent sites had significant Pearson’s correlations with NDVI ranging from 0.52 to 0.71, while NDVI was not correlated with rainfall at shallow groundwater sites. There was a clear negative effect of the very dry period on all sites, and this was less pronounced at shallow groundwater sites. Wet years resulted in a positive response to NDVI across all sites, while the response was lower in very wet years with annual rainfall above 1,200 mm. We found that between 2 and 4 months of antecedent rainfall gave the highest correlation with NDVI, while for soil moisture the closest relationship was found with no lag and 1 month lag. Through this study, we demonstrated the applicability of using NDVI, rainfall, and soil moisture trend analyses to identify groundwater-dependent vegetation patches and monitor the effectiveness of vegetation restoration.
LEARNING AL-QUR'AN IN RUMAH QURAN: A CASE STUDY OF RUMAH QUR'AN BUNDA AISYAH
Authors: Nazih Abdullah Ghulam 
Published: August 2024

Al-Qur’an Al-Karim is teaching principle, because it includes Islamic teaching that organize the whole lives of muslims in all matters religion and the world. Islamic history records that Islam was very advanced in the education and learning model based on islamic civilization and based on Al-Qur’an. How important it is to learn Al-Qur’an for muslims. House of Qur’an as one of the facilities for studying the Qur’an for muslims. The methods of learning that are carried out in house of Qur’an are varied. The diversity of learning methods used in house of Qur’an also results in a variety of effectiveness and output. This research aims to describe the learning of the Al-Qur’an in house of Qur’an Bunda Aisyah. This research uses a case study reasearch using a qualitative approach with descriptive research metods. Learning in house of Qur’an Bunda Aisyah will be describe qualitatively. The results of this research indicate that by learning at House of Qur’an Bunda Aisyah, the Qur’an can easily be studied and learned by all ages, even though by elderly.
Pengembangan Buku Kerja Berbasis Konstruktivisme Pada Perkuliahan Statistik Matematika Di Universitas Adiwangsa Jambi
Authors: Melinda Yusri Rizki  , Rian Novita  
Published: August 2024

Topik dalam kuliah statistik matematika saling berurutan dan terkait satu sama lain sehingga diperlukan pembelajaran yang berkelanjutan. Untuk melakukan pembelajaran berkelanjutan, mahasiswa perlu mengerjakan latihan yang tersedia di buku paket. Namun, buku paket yang digunakan mempunyai mempunyai soal yang bervariasi dan cukup banyak untuk mahasiswa Universitas Adiwangsa Jambi yang mempunyai perbedaan kemampuan matematika. Di samping itu mahasiswa juga belum terbiasa menghadapi soal dalam jumlah yang banyak dan bervariasi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu alat yang bisa membiasakan mahasiswa untuk belajar secara berkelanjutan dan terarah berupa sebuah buku kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan buku kerja berbasis konstruktivisme yang valid, praktis dan efektif pada mata kuliah Statistik Matematika di Universitas Adiwangasa Jambi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan yang yang terdiri 3 tahap yaitu: tahap analisis muka-belakang (front-end analysis), tahap prototype dan tahap penilaian (assessment). Kegiatan pada tahap analisis muka belakang yang dilaksanakan meliputi wawancara dengan teman sejawat, menganalisis silabus matakuliah statistik matematika, menganalisis buku teks statistik matematika, dan mereview literatur tentang buku kerja. Berdasarkan hasil analisis muka belakang telah diperoleh prototipe buku kerja berbasis konstruktvisme yang kemuadian di kondultasikan kapada 3 dosen dari Universitas lain pada tahap praktikalitas buku kerja di uji cobakan kepada mahasiswa Program Studi matematika Universitas Adiwangsa Jambi yan mengambil mata kuliah statistik matematika pada semester ganjil tahun akademik 2020/2021. Kegiatan ini diamati oleh 1 (satu) dosen pengamat. Efektivitas buku kerja berbasis konstuktvisme diselidiki bersamaaan dengan tahap praktikalitas. Aspek efektifitas yang diamati adalah tentang aktivitas da motivasi belajar mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: 1) buku kerja berbasis kontruktivisme sudah valid (meliputi validitas isi dan konstruk) dari sudut pandang pakar statistik matematika; 2) penggunaan buku kerja berbasis kontruktivisme dala proses perkuliahan tidak mengalami hambatan yang berarti buku kerja sudah praktis menurut mahasiswa dan dosen; dan 3) buku kerja kontruktivisme suda efektif hal ini tampak dari aktivitas mahasiswa dan motivasi belajar yang tinggi setelah perkuliahan berlangsung.
Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah dalam Kelompok Belajar Kecil untuk Mengembangan Kemampuan Siswa Pada Aspek Problem Solving Matematik
Authors: Yusri Rizki Melinda , Novita Rian 
Published: August 2024

Fakta di lapangan memperlihatkan bahwa pembelajaran matematika di kelas masih cenderung menggunakan paradigma lama dengan menyajikan pengetahuan matematika kepada para siswa secara deduktif tanpa mengaitkannya dengan kehidupan keseharian mereka. Untuk itu belajar dalam sebuah kelompok kecil, yang terdiri atas empat atau lima orang akan merupakan pilihan yang relevan untuk dapat mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir matematik, termasuk kemampuan problem solving matematik. Tidak semua kelompok belajar merupakan kelompok kooperatif. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendekataan pembelajaran berbasis masalah dalam kelompok belajar kecil dan secara klasikal terhadap hasil dan ketuntasan belajar klasikal pada aspek kemampuan problem solving matematik siswa SMP, maka penelitian ini dilakukan dalam sebuah studi eksprimen murni, dengan menggunakan Desain Kelompok Kontrol Pretes-Postes (The Randomized Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design). Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data dan temuan yang diperoleh dalam penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran berbasis masalah dalam kelompok belajar kecil secara signifikan memiliki kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematik lebih baik dibandingkan dengan siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran konvensional.
Analisis Potensi Tumbuh Kembang WirausahaPada PKK
Authors: Arifudin Aldisa , Awal Muhammad 
Published: August 2024

Kemajuan ekonomi suatu masyarakat bisa berwujud dengan adanya inovasi dari para wirausaha agar perkembangan kewirausahaan semakin meningkat. Dengan peningkatan kewiausahaan maka menyetarah gender dan mengurangi kemiskinan. Wirausaha perempuan juga memiliki kontribusi dalam penyerapan tenaga kerja, terutama perempuan lain disekitarnya. Untuk itu dalam penelitian ini ingin mengetahui potensi tumbuh kembang wirausaha pada ibu PKK di Distrik Semangga. Metode yang digunakan yaitu statistic deskriptif. Populasinya seluruh Ibu PKK di Distrik Semangga dan pengambilan sampelnya menggunakan formula Lemeshoew yang berjumlah 140 orang. Hasil yang diperoleh yakni ibu PKK di distrik semangga memiliki potensi dalam berwirausaha namun masih banyak hal yang harus dipelajari sehingga mampu memulai hingga sukses daam menjalankan usahanya.
Local and electronic structures of NaNbO3, AgNbO3, and KNbO3
Authors: Yoneda Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Tohru , Tsuji Takuya , Matsumura Daiju , Saitoh Yuji , Noguchi Yuji 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
NaNbO3, AgNbO3, and KNbO3 with ABO3-type perovskite systems are known to possess good ferroelectric properties. In their traditional average structure, a change in the A-site ion size changes the involved tolerance factor. Herein, we directly determined the rattling space of each atom through local structure analysis. By combining a pair distribution function and an extended X-ray absorption fine structure, this analysis revealed that the bonding sites with large fluctuations varied with varying ion sizes. Experimental evidence including soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy, indicates that the A-site ions are hybridized with oxygen.
Electrostatic interference control of a high-energy coherent electron beam using three-element Boersch phase shifters
Authors: Thakkar Pooja , Guzenko Vitaliy A. , Lu Peng-Han , Dunin-Borkowski Rafal E. , Abrahams Jan Pieter , Tsujino Soichiro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Static phase shifters have been intensely studied for generating two- and three-dimensional electron beam patterns. However, those are restricted to specific electron beam energies and microscope settings. Aiming at overcoming such limitations, the development of programmable phase shifters based on e.g. a Boersch phase is an active field of research. We recently demonstrated a three-element Boersch phase shifter device [Thakkar et al., J. Appl. Phys.
128, 134502 (2020)], which was fabricated by electron beam lithography and is compatible with up-scaling. However, it suffers from parasitic beam deflection and cross-talk. Here, we report a five-layer phase shifter device, which is based on a metal–insulator–metal–insulator–metal structure as originally envisioned by Boersch that reduces cross-talk. We demonstrate a three-element Boersch phase shifter that shows minimal beam deflection of voltage-controlled three-electron-beam interference patterns in a transmission electron microscope operated at 200 keV. The feasibility of using such multi-element phase shifter arrays is discussed in this article.