bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
H2S Increases Survival during Sepsis: Protective Effect of CHOP Inhibition
Authors: Ferlito Marcella , Wang Qihong , Fulton William B. , Colombani Paul M. , Marchionni Luigi , Fox-Talbot Karen , Paolocci Nazareno , Steenbergen Charles 
Published: January 2014

AbstractSepsis is a major cause of mortality, and dysregulation of the immune response plays a central role in this syndrome. H2S, a recently discovered gaso-transmitter, is endogenously generated by many cell types, regulating a number of physiologic processes and pathophysiologic conditions. We report that H2S increased survival after experimental sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in mice. Exogenous H2S decreased the systemic inflammatory response, reduced apoptosis in the spleen, and accelerated bacterial eradication. We found that C/EBP homologous protein 10 (CHOP), a mediator of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response, was elevated in several organs after CLP, and its expression was inhibited by H2S treatment. Using CHOP-knockout (KO) mice, we demonstrated for the first time, to our knowledge, that genetic deletion of Chop increased survival after LPS injection or CLP. CHOP-KO mice displayed diminished splenic caspase-3 activation and apoptosis, decreased cytokine production, and augmented bacterial clearance. Furthermore, septic CHOP-KO mice treated with H2S showed no additive survival benefit compared with septic CHOP-KO mice. Finally, we showed that H2S inhibited CHOP expression in macrophages by a mechanism involving Nrf2 activation. In conclusion, our findings show a protective effect of H2S treatment afforded, at least partially, by inhibition of CHOP expression. The data reveal a major negative role for the transcription factor CHOP in overall survival during sepsis and suggest a new target for clinical intervention, as well potential strategies for treatment.
Mutagenesis of Ly49B Reveals Key Structural Elements Required for Promiscuous Binding to MHC Class I Molecules and New Insights into the Molecular Evolution of Ly49s
Authors: Mickiewicz Katarzyna M. , Gays Frances , Lewis Richard J. , Brooks Colin G. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Ly49B is a potentially important immunoregulator expressed on mouse myeloid cells, and it is thus an unusual member of the wider Ly49 family whose members are ordinarily found on NK cells. Ly49B displays substantial sequence divergence from other Ly49s and in particular shares virtually no amino acid sequence identity with the residues that have been reported to bind to MHC class I (cI) ligands in other Ly49s. Despite this, we show in this study that the BALB/c, but not the C57, isoform of Ly49B displays promiscuous cI binding. Binding was not significantly affected by inactivation of any of the four predicted N-linked glycosylation sites of Ly49B, nor was it affected by removal of the unique 20-aa C-terminal extension found in Ly49B. However, transfer of these C-terminal 20 aa to Ly49A inhibited cI binding, as did the addition of a hemagglutinin tag to the C terminus of Ly49B, demonstrating unexpectedly that the C-terminal region of Ly49s can play a significant role in ligand binding. Systematic exchange of BALB/c and C57 residues revealed that Trp166, Asn167, and Cys251 are of major importance for cI binding in Ly49B. These residues are highly conserved in the Ly49 family. Remarkably, however, Ly49BBALB variants that have C57 residues at positions 166 or 167, and are unable to bind cI multimers, regain substantial cI binding when amino acid changes are made at distal positions, providing an explanation of how highly divergent Ly49s that retain the ability to bind cI molecules might have evolved.
Academic rhinology: a survey of residency programs and rhinology faculty in the United States
Authors: Tabaee Abtin , Chen Leon , Smith Timothy L. , Hwang Peter H. , Schaberg Madeleine , Raithatha Roheen , Brown Seth M. 
Published: January 2014

BackgroundRhinology has rapidly evolved as a subspecialty over the past decade. The professional activities of rhinology faculty in otolaryngology residency programs is an important defining feature of this process but remains incompletely understood.MethodsAn examination of faculty profiles of otolaryngology residency programs in the United States was performed to examine the professional activities of rhinologists. An anonymous, web‐based survey of rhinology faculty was also performed to query professional activities and career satisfaction.ResultsNine percent of chairmen and 12% of residency program directors were rhinologists. The number of full‐time rhinology faculty members varied significantly among departments (mean 1; range, 0‐4). Rhinology faculty members were noted to have a high number of scientific publications over the past 5 years (mean 15 per faculty), a high level of membership to the American Rhinologic Society (90%) and modest levels of membership to other societies. As reported by the 45 respondents who successfully completed the survey, higher percentages of professional time was devoted to clinical medicine when compared with administrative and research activities. Inflammatory sinusitis represented the most common clinical condition treated, and there was variability with respect to other disorders and procedures. Career satisfaction scores were highest for medical and surgical care, teaching activities, financial and emotional well being, and overall career to date. Lower satisfaction scores were noted for research and administrative activities and for balance of personal life with work.ConclusionThis study further defines the professional, clinical, and surgical activities of academic rhinologists. Continued analysis of the subspecialization of rhinology is required.
Building Communities for All Ages: Lessons Learned from an Intergenerational Community‐building Initiative
Authors: Brown Corita , Henkin Nancy 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTThe outcomes of the Communities for All Ages initiative suggest that a lifespan approach to community building helps foster social capital across diverse populations and increase public will among younger generations to address ageing issues. This is crucial as global ageing and immigration trends impact age relations and resource distribution. Although demographic changes create many opportunities for connection and collaboration, decisions about public investments, land use planning and service delivery are becoming increasingly complex. To build support for older adults, we need strategies that foster ‘shared fate’ across age, race and ethnicity and encourage alliances rather than competition. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clinical presentation and outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with low flow/low gradient severe aortic stenosis
Authors: Elhmidi Yacine , Piazza Nicolo , Krane Markus , Deutsch Marcus‐André , Mazzitelli Domenico , Lange Rüdiger , Bleiziffer Sabine 
Published: January 2014

ObjectivesTo identify predictors of mortality, functional status, and hemodynamical changes of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for low flow/low gradient aortic stenosis (LF/LG AS).BackgroundThere is little published data regarding the outcomes of patients with LF/LG AS following TAVI.MethodsSixty‐eight patients with severe AS, left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction [EF] <35%) and low flow (LF) AS underwent TAVI. Patients were stratified according to the aortic mean pressure gradient (low gradient [LG]; with Pmean ≤40 mm Hg and high gradient [HG]: Pmean >40 mm Hg). The baseline parameters and clinical outcomes were subsequently compared among the two groups. Cox proportional hazards were used to identify predictors of 6‐month mortality.ResultsThere were 38 patients in the LG group and 30 patients in the HG group. There were no significant difference in 30‐day mortality between the two groups. The 6‐month and 1‐year mortality, however, was 3.8‐fold and 2.8‐fold higher in the LG group than in the HG group (37.8% vs. 10.3%, P = 0.01 and 37.8% vs. 13.3%, respectively, P = 0.01). Univariable predictors for 6‐month mortality were: STS Score, aortic valve area, and aortic mean pressure gradient. However, only STS Score (HR 1.08, 1.04–1.12, P < 0.001) remained as independent predictor in the multivariable analysis. Six months after TAVI, hemodynamical (EF > 50%) and clinical (NYHA class I) improvements were shown in both HG and LG groups.ConclusionsLF/LG AS does not influence procedural mortality after TAVI but exhibits a strong impact on 6‐month and 1‐year mortality. The survivors, however, exhibit considerable hemodynamical and clinical improvements. Therefore, risk stratification and TAVI benefit should be weighted in every patient with LF/LG AS. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Long‐term outcome in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction and multivessel disease treated with culprit‐only, immediate, or staged multivessel percutaneous revascularization strategies: Insights from the REAL registry
Authors: Manari Antonio , Varani Elisabetta , Guastaroba Paolo , Menozzi Mila , Valgimigli Marco , Menozzi Alberto , Magnavacchi Paolo , Franco Nicoletta , Marzocchi Antonio , Casella Gianni 
Published: January 2014

ObjectivesTo examine the differences in cardiac outcomes for patients with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and multivessel disease (MVD) as a function of whether they underwent culprit‐only primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) or multivessel PCI, either during PPCI or as a staged procedure.BackgroundMVD occurs in about 40% of patients presenting with STEMI, and it has been associated with a worse outcome compared to single‐vessel disease. The most favorable PCI strategy for dealing with significant nonculprit lesions has to be established.MethodsA total of 2061 STEMI patients with MVD undergoing PPCI, prospectively enrolled in the REAL Registry between July 2002 and December 2010, were considered: 706 underwent culprit‐only PPCI; 367 multivessel PCI during the index procedure; 988 had a staged PCI within 60 days. Mortality and outcomes were calculated at 30 days and 2 years.ResultsAt multivariate analysis, culprit‐only PPCI was associated with higher rates of cardiac outcomes as compared to staged multivessel PCI, taken as reference [Hazard Ratio (HR): 2.81, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.34–5.89, P = 0.006 for 30‐day mortality, and HR: 1.93, 95% CI: 1.35–2.74, P = 0.0002 for 2‐year mortality, respectively]. Short‐term mortality rates were higher in multivessel PCI group as compared to staged PCI group (HR: 2.58, 95% CI: 1.06–6.26, P = 0.03); no differences were observed at 2‐year follow‐up (HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.64–1.82, P = 0.76).ConclusionsOur findings support the current guidelines recommendation to perform culprit‐only PPCI in STEMI patients with MVD without hemodynamic compromise, followed by a staged PCI of noninfarct‐related significant lesions. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Ring‐Closing Enyne Metathesis Approach to Functionalized Semicyclic Dienes: The Total Synthesis of (–)‐Tetrangomycin
Authors: Moodie Lindon W. K. , Larsen David S. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe angucycline antibiotic (–)‐tetrangomycin was synthesized in 13 steps (11 % overall yield) by using a stereoselective Diels–Alder reaction between a naphthoquinone and a semicyclic diene to construct the benz[a]anthraquinone ring system. The diene intermediates were synthesized through a ring‐closing enyne metathesis reaction. The tertiary alcohol at C‐3 was installed by an asymmetric dihydroxylation reaction. The relative stereochemistry of the dienes was verified by the NMR analyses of the cycloadducts that were obtained from their reaction with N‐phenylmaleimide. Selective aromatization of the B ring was achieved under oxidative conditions.
Enough is Enough: Cognitive Antecedents of Workaholism and Its Aftermath
Authors: van Wijhe Corine I. , Peeters Maria C. W. , Schaufeli Wilmar B. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractWorkaholism is commonly conceptualized as a compulsive inner drive to work excessively hard. This study investigates to what extent rigid personal beliefs—i.e., performance‐based self‐esteem (self‐esteem that is contingent upon good performance) and an enough continuation rule (continuing with work until one feels one has done enough)—contribute to exhaustion through workaholism. To examine these potential antecedents and consequences of workaholism, data of a two‐wave longitudinal survey study with a six‐month time interval was used (n = 191). Results of structural equation modeling provided support for our hypotheses. Taken together, our findings show that rigid personal beliefs at T1 predicted primarily working compulsively at T2, and working compulsively at T1 influenced exhaustion at T2. Moreover, reciprocal relationships were found between applying the enough continuation rule and working compulsively, and between working compulsively and exhaustion. These results suggest partial mediation from cognitive antecedents (personal beliefs) through workaholism to exhaustion. In practical terms, the results indicate that cognitive antecedents may provide a good starting point for interventions for preventing exhaustion and workaholism. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
First‐in‐human study with new recombinant agalsidase beta (ISU303) in healthy subjects
Authors: Kim Choon OK , Oh Eun Sil , Park Min Soo 
Published: January 2014

AbstractISU303 is a new recombinant agalsidase beta (Agal) enzyme replacement therapy under investigation for Fabry disease, caused by a deficiency in α‐galactosidase A activity that leads to fatty deposits in tissues. We evaluated the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters, safety and tolerability of ISU303 in healthy adult volunteers. The study was a dose block‐randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled, single‐dosing, and dose escalation phase 1 clinical trial. A total of 18 healthy subjects were enrolled (0.3 mg/kg, n = 6; 1.0 mg/kg, n = 6; placebo, n = 6). Blood samples for PK analysis were collected according to planned time. The PK parameters in each 0.3 and 1.0 mg/kg Agal group were as follows: Cmax (mU/mL) 43.19 ± 5.9 and 195.86 ± 32.3; AUClast (h·mU/mL) 207.91 ± 25.1 and 939.96 ± 158.3; t1/2 (hours) 1.13 ± 0.3 and 1.46 ± 0.2; Cl (mL/min/kg) 1.79 ± 0.2 and 1.34 ± 0.2, respectively. There were seven adverse events (AE) overall. All AEs were resolved without any complications. None were related to the study drug. There were no immunogenicity or any significant infusion‐related reactions. The new Agal product exhibited a dose‐dependent PK and was well tolerated with no significant AEs in healthy adult volunteers.
Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan produces steroidal substances that are active against Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler and that may bind to oxysterol‐binding proteins
Authors: Campos Viviane AC , Perina Fabiano J , Alves Eduardo , Sartorelli Jaqueline , Moura Amanda M , Oliveira Denilson F 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn previous studies, the extract from Anadenanthera colubrina was active against Alternaria alternata in vitro and reduced the disease caused by this fungus on Murcott tangor fruits to levels that have been obtained using commercial fungicides. Therefore, the goal of the present work was to isolate and identify the active substances in this extract and identify in silico their protein target in the fungus.RESULTSThe bioguided fractionation of the methanol extract from the fruits of A. colubrina resulted in the isolation of β‐sitosterol and β‐sitosteryl linoleate, which had minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 250 and 500 µg mL−1, respectively, against A. alternata. Under the same conditions, the MICs for two commercial fungicides were 1250 and 19 µg mL−1. In silico studies showed that these steroidal substances bind well to oxysterol‐binding proteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.CONCLUSIONβ‐Sitosterol and β‐sitosteryl linoleate, produced by A. colubrina, are active against A. alternata. In silico studies suggest that these substances may act by binding to oxysterol‐binding proteins. Therefore, both substances and these proteins have potential use in the development of new steroidal structures and analogues to control the disease caused by A. alternata. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Health Insurance Status and Psychological Distress among US Adults Aged 18–64 Years
Authors: Ward Brian W. , Martinez Michael E. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between psychological distress and aspects of health insurance status, including lack of coverage, types of coverage and disruption in coverage, among US adults.Data from the 2001–2010 National Health Interview Survey were used to conduct analyses representative of the US adult population aged 18–64 years. Multivariate analyses regressed psychological distress on health insurance status while controlling for covariates.Adults with private or no health insurance coverage had lower levels of psychological distress than those with public/other coverage. Adults who recently (≤1 year) experienced a change in health insurance status had higher levels of distress than those who had not recently experienced a change. An interaction effect indicated that the relationship between recent change in health insurance status and distress was not dependent on whether an adult had private versus public/other coverage. However, for adults who had not experienced a change in status in the past year, the average absolute level of distress is higher among those with no coverage versus private coverage.Although significant relationships between psychological distress and health insurance status were identified, their strength was modest, with other demographic and health condition covariates also being potential sources of distress. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
A comparison of avian habitat in forest management plans produced under three different certification systems in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Euler David 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTConsiderable discussion and theoretical reviews of forest certification systems have been published that outline the potential impact of forest certification on biodiversity and wildlife habitat. Three common approaches to forest certification used in Canada include the Forest Stewardship Council, the Canadian Standards Association, and the Sustainable Forestry Initiative. In this study, I reviewed forest management plans in Ontario, Canada, and compared the plans' potential impact on habitat for 6 species of birds that use mature and older forests: pileated woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus), ruby‐crowned kinglet (Regulus calendula), boreal chickadee (Poecile hudsonicus), black‐backed woodpecker (Picoides arcticus), great gray owl (Strix nebulosa), and red‐breasted nuthatch (Sitta canadensis). The purpose was to determine whether the different certification systems in use resulted in different impacts on avian habitat, and to compare certified forest management plans with plans prepared for un‐certified forest units. Based on 27 Forest Management Plans in Ontario, there seems to be little reason to believe that certified forests are more likely to protect and conserve habitat for these 6 bird species that use older forests than are forests that are not certified. © 2014 The Wildlife Society.
Drug Release from Three‐Dimensional Cubic Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Controlled by Nanoimpellers
Authors: Choi Eunshil , Lu Jie , Tamanoi Fuyuhiko , Zink Jeffrey I. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract Mesoporous silica nanoparticles with a cubic (Ia3d) pore structure are derivatized with light‐activated nanoimpellers to control the release of loaded guest molecules under external photo‐control. The nanoimpellers consist of azobenzene derivatives that are attached to the interiors of the three‐dimensional interconnected pores, and undergo photoisomerization that results in dynamic wagging motions of the unbound termini and drives the expulsion of molecules from the pores. Stimulated release experiments monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrate that the nanoimpeller‐functionalized MCM‐48 particles are able to trap and release both hydrophilic and hydrophobic cargo molecules under external photocontrol in aqueous, non‐aqueous, and intracellular environments.
Disaggregation of the electric loads of small customers through the application of the Hilbert transform
Authors: Gabaldón Antonio , Ortiz-García Mario , Molina Roque , Valero-Verdú Sergio 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
This paper is intended to explain how the possibilities of enabling technologies (advanced metering infrastructures) can be expanded on to evaluate end uses at the demand-side level. For example, these data allow validating the effective response to market prices (energy markets) or system events (demand response), and besides, the possibilities that energy efficiency offers (in capacity markets), mainly under the supervision of a load aggregator. Hilbert transform properties along with other mathematical tools are used to extract the characteristics of the more suitable uses for demand response policies from the aggregated load demand of the user. This is achieved without complex statistical analysis of the demand loads. The tool filters pulse waveforms (in this case, the components of daily demand) and provides the aggregator the main characteristics of load, both in normal state or under response to system events or market prices.
A novel assay to evaluate olfactory modulation of honeybee aggression
Authors: van der Burg Nicole M. D. , Lavidis Nicholas , Claudianos Charles , Reinhard Judith 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Numerous assays exist to measure aggressive behaviour in honeybees, most of them using free-flying bees under natural conditions, with results often variable due to environmental factors. Our study describes a novel, laboratory-based Petri dish assay that uses a moving target treated with the alarm pheromone component isoamyl acetate (IAA). In this assay, aggression levels can be measured in individual bees via recording specific behaviours associated with the different stages of aggression. We used this new assay to investigate the modulating effect of the plant odours lavender and Praescent on aggression in bees, as these odours are reported to have a “calming” effect on animals. Both short-term (5 min) and long-term (48 h) exposure to lavender and Praescent attenuated aggression, even in the presence of the moving target and IAA. Plant odours may thus be an effective treatment for reducing aggressive behaviour in bees.