bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stock price informativeness and analyst coverage
Authors: Marhfor Ahmed , M'Zali Bouchra , Cosset Jean‐Claude , Charest Guy 
Published: September 2013

AbstractWe examine whether more analyst coverage translates into more informative stock prices and apply this to both developed and emerging markets. We measure price informativeness using the association between current stock returns and future earnings. We argue that more informative stock prices contain more information about future earnings. Results indicate that analysts' activities do not contribute to the impounding of  future earnings information into current stock prices, in accordance with the view that analysts are outsiders who do not have full access to firm‐level information. We also find that analysts specialize according to industry and that “industry expertise” is limited to developed countries. Overall, our evidence is consistent with the explanation that analysts focus on gathering and mapping industry‐ and market‐level information (macroeconomic information) into stock prices. Copyright © 2013 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dissociation of Antimicrobial and Hemolytic Activities of Gramicidin S through N‐Methylation Modification
Authors: Li Yangmei , Bionda Nina , Yongye Austin , Geer Phaedra , Stawikowski Maciej , Cudic Predrag , Martinez Karina , Houghten Richard A. 
Published: September 2013

Abstractβ‐Sheet antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are well recognized as promising candidates for the treatment of multidrug‐resistant bacterial infections. To dissociate antimicrobial activity and hemolytic effect of β‐sheet AMPs, we hypothesize that N‐methylation of the intramolecular hydrogen bond(s)‐forming amides could improve their specificities for microbial cells over human erythrocytes. We utilized a model β‐sheet antimicrobial peptide, gramicidin S (GS), to study the N‐methylation effects on the antimicrobial and hemolytic activities. We synthesized twelve N‐methylated GS analogues by replacement of residues at the β‐strand and β‐turn regions with N‐methyl amino acids, and tested their antimicrobial and hemolytic activities. Our experiments showed that the HC50 values increased fivefold compared with that of GS, when the internal hydrogen‐bonded leucine residue was methylated. Neither hemolytic effect nor antimicrobial activity changed when proline alone was replaced with N‐methylalanine in the β‐turn region. However, analogues containing N‐methylleucine at β‐strand and N‐methylalanine at β‐turn regions exhibited a fourfold increase in selectivity index compared to GS. We also examined the conformation of these N‐methylated GS analogues using 1H NMR and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy in aqueous solution, and visualized the backbone structures and residue orientations using molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that N‐methylation of the internal hydrogen bond‐forming amide affected the conformation, backbone shape, and side chain orientation of GS.
Pediatric melanoma: Analysis of an international registry
Authors: Averbook Bruce J. , Lee Sandra J. , Delman Keith A. , Gow Kenneth W. , Zager Jonathan S. , Sondak Vernon K. , Messina Jane L. , Sabel Michael S. , Pittelkow Mark R. , Ecker Phillip M. , Markovic Svetomir N. , Swetter Susan M. , Leachman Sancy A. , Testori Alessandro , Curiel‐Lewandrowski Clara , S. Go Ronald , Jukic Drazen M. , Kirkwood John M. 
Published: September 2013

BACKGROUNDThe management of pediatric melanoma (PM) has largely been extrapolated from adult data. However, the behavior of PM appears to differ from its adult counterparts. Therefore, an international PM registry was created and analyzed.METHODSTwelve institutions contributed deidentified clinicopathologic and outcome data for patients diagnosed with PM from 1953 through 2008.RESULTSOverall survival (OS) data were reported for 365 patients with invasive PM who had adequate follow‐up data. The mean age of the patients was 16 years (range 1 year‐21 years). The 10‐year OS rate, 80.6%, tended to vary by patient age: 100% for those aged birth to 10 years, 69.7% for those aged > 10 years to 15 years, and 79.5% for those aged > 15 years to 20 years (P = .147). Patients with melanomas measuring ≤ 1 mm had a favorable prognosis (10‐year OS rate of 97%), whereas survival was lower but similar for patients with melanomas measuring > 1 mm to 2 mm, > 2 mm to 4 mm, and > 4 mm (70%, 78%, and 80%, respectively; P = .0077). Ulceration and lymph node metastasis were found to be correlated with worse survival (P = .022 and P = .017, respectively). The 10‐year OS rate was 94.1% for patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage I disease, 79.6% for those with stage II disease, and 77.1% for patients with stage III disease (P < .001).CONCLUSIONSTumor thickness, ulceration, lymph node status, and stage were found to be significant predictors of survival in patients with PM, similar to adult melanoma. There is a trend toward increased survival in children aged ≤ 10 years versus adolescents aged > 10 years. Further analyses are needed to probe for potential biological and behavioral differences in pediatric versus adult melanoma. Cancer 2013;119:4012–4019. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
A Sulfated ZrO2 Hollow Nanostructure as an Acid Catalyst in the Dehydration of Fructose to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Joo Ji Bong , Vu Austin , Zhang Qiao , Dahl Michael , Gu Minfen , Zaera Francisco , Yin Yadong 
Published: September 2013

AbstractMesoporous hollow colloidal particles with well‐defined characteristics have potential use in many applications. In liquid‐phase catalysis, in particular, they can provide a large active surface area, reduced diffusion resistance, improved accessibility to reactants, and excellent dispersity in reaction media. Herein, we report the tailored synthesis of sulfated ZrO2 hollow nanostructures and their catalytic applications in the dehydration of fructose. ZrO2 hollow nanoshells with controllable thickness were first synthesized through a robust sol–gel process. Acidic functional groups were further introduced to the surface of hollow ZrO2 shells by sulfuric acid treatment followed by calcination. The resulting sulfated ZrO2 hollow particles showed advantageous properties for liquid‐phase catalysis, such as well‐maintained structural integrity, good dispersity, favorable mesoporosity, and a strongly acidic surface. By controlling the synthesis and calcination conditions and optimizing the properties of sulfated ZrO2 hollow shells, we have been able to design superacid catalysts with superior performance in the dehydration of fructose to 5‐hydroxymethyfurfural than the solid sulfated ZrO2 nanocatalyst.
Coordination‐Driven Self‐Assembly of Arene–Ruthenium Compounds
Authors: Mishra Anurag , Kang Se Chan , Chi Ki‐Whan 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe coordination‐driven self‐assembly of N‐donor ligands with dinuclear arene–ruthenium building blocks has allowed the construction of a wide range of cationic supramolecules with different architectures and functionalities. These supramolecules include (1) hexacationic molecular metallaprisms in which the size of the cycle and type of the arene–ruthenium acceptor and organic linker influence the antitumor behavior of the resulting self‐assembly, and (2) tetracationic molecular metallarectangles, which have host–guest capabilities and allow sensing of biological properties. This report covers the synthetic and structural aspects of these coordination‐driven self‐assembled supramolecules as well as their most promising applications, with a particular focus on potential biological, sensing, and host–guest applications.
Chemoselective Carbozincation of Cyclopropene for C–C Bond Formation and Cleavage in a Single Operation
Authors: Endo Kohei , Nakano Takeo , Fujinami Shuhei , Ukaji Yutaka 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe carbozincation of cyclopropene and cleavage of cyclopropylzinc generates carbanion intermediates, which in turn can generate oligomeric complexes in situ through successive carbozincation reactions. The present reaction controls the carbozincation sequence and C–C bond cleavage to give densely functionalized and sterically congested alkylamines in a single operation. A subtle difference in the substituent at the C=N bond induced chemoselective carbozincation of cyclopropene.
Enantioselective Synthesis of 5‐Trifluoromethyl‐2‐isoxazolines and Their N‐Oxides by [Hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene‐Mediated Oxidative N–O Coupling
Authors: Kawai Hiroyuki , Okusu Satoshi , Tokunaga Etsuko , Shibata Norio 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBiologically attractive trifluoromethyl‐2‐isoxazoline N‐oxides were synthesized in good yields for the first time by the [hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene‐mediated oxidative N–O coupling of β‐trifluoromethyl β‐hydroxy ketoximes generated from trifluoromethyl β‐keto alcohols. The present method allows the synthesis of previously unknown 5‐trifluoromethyl‐2‐isoxazoline N‐oxides and also provides an alternative for the enantioselective synthesis of antiparasitic 5‐trifluoromethyl‐2‐isoxazolines by sequential reduction.
Reduced cerebral perfusion predicts greater depressive symptoms and cognitive dysfunction at a 1‐year follow‐up in patients with heart failure
Authors: Alosco Michael L. , Spitznagel Mary Beth , Cohen Ronald , Raz Naftali , Sweet Lawrence H. , Josephson Richard , Hughes Joel , Rosneck Jim , Gunstad John 
Published: September 2013

ObjectiveCerebral hypoperfusion is common in heart failure (HF) and believed to underlie poor neurocognitive outcomes in this population. Up to 42% of HF patients also exhibit depressive symptomatology that may stem from reduced cerebral blood flow. However, no study has examined this possibility or whether reduced brain perfusion increases risk for future cognitive dysfunction in older adults with HF.MethodsOne hundred HF patients underwent transcranial Doppler ultrasonagraphy to quantify global cerebral blood flow velocity (CBF‐V) and were administered a cognitive test battery to assess global cognition, attention/executive function, and memory abilities. All participants then completed the Beck Depression Inventory‐II to assess depressive symptomatology. These procedures were performed at baseline and at 12‐month follow‐up.ResultsRepeated measures revealed that CBF‐V declined over the 12‐month period. Regression analyses showed that reduced baseline CBF‐V predicted worse performances in attention/executive function (p < 0.05 for all) and a trend for memory (p = 0.09) in addition to greater depressive symptomatology (p < 0.05) at the 12‐month follow‐up, even after controlling for baseline factors and medical and demographic variables.ConclusionsCerebral perfusion declined over time and was associated with poorer cognitive function and greater depressive symptoms at a 1‐year follow‐up in HF. Prospective studies with long‐term follow‐ups that employ neuroimaging are needed to examine whether cognitive dysfunction and depression in HF stem from the adverse effects of cerebral hypoperfusion on the cerebral structure. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Agonistic anti‐CD40 promotes early development and increases the incidence of severe thyroid epithelial cell hyperplasia (TEC H/P) in CD4−/− mice
Authors: Yu Shiguang , Downey Edward F. , Braley‐Mullen Helen 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIFN‐γ−/−NOD.H‐2h4 mice develop thyroid epithelial cell hyperplasia (TEC H/P) characterised by abnormal proliferation of thyrocytes and infiltration of thyroids by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. CD8+ T cells from mice with severe TEC H/P transfer similar lesions to SCID recipients, whereas CD4+ T cells transfer mild TEC H/P. CD4− and CD8− deficient IFN‐γ−/−NOD.H‐2h4 mice were generated to determine if CD4+ T cells were required for initial activation of the CD8+ T cells that transfer TEC H/P. After 6–8 months on NaI water, only 2 of 60 CD8−/− mice developed severe TEC H/P, whereas 31 of 101 CD4−/− mice developed severe TEC H/P and fibrosis comparable in severity to that of IFN‐γ−/− mice. However, splenocytes from CD4−/− mice with severe TEC H/P did not effectively transfer severe TEC H/P to SCID recipients. When CD4−/− donors were given agonistic anti‐CD40 mAb, most developed severe TEC H/P and their cells transferred severe TEC H/P to SCID recipients. These results indicate that agonistic anti‐CD40 can provide an important signal for activation of autoreactive CD8+ T cells that transfer severe TEC H/P. Therefore, targeting or blocking CD40 could provide effective therapy for diseases involving hyperplasia and fibrosis mediated by CD8+ T cells.
Therapeutic Change and Anorexia Nervosa: Views of a Family and a Therapist
Authors: Jackson Sue 
Published: September 2013

Answers to the question ‘Why do people change in family therapy?’ remain somewhat elusive and may to some extent always remain partial. However, the perceptions of important participants in the therapeutic system, namely family members themselves, seem somewhat under‐utilised. A regular examination and integration of the families' views may lead to enrichment of our understanding of this complex area.In this paper the therapist's (and therapy team's) views of the possible catalysts of change in therapy are compared with one family's ideas twelve months after termination of treatment. The family had attended for family therapy because the middle daughter had been suffering from anorexia nervosa.
The Kan‐No‐Mushi: An Inner Externalization that Enables Compromise?
Authors: Tomm Karl , Suzuki Koji , Suzuki Kazuko 
Published: September 2013

This new section is devoted to explorations — to work‐in‐progress, ideas, free associations, perplexities, insights/outsights, musings, searches and experiments — with an emphasis on practicalities. Above all, it is aimed at the family therapist on the job. We hope to develop a section that is lively, interesting and informative. where practitioners can talk with one another about work they've been doing or thinking of doing, in an immediate way using a variety of short formats.will be led by David Epston (New Zealand), Sue Jackson (Victoria) and Andrew Relph (Western Australia). If you'd like to contribute to Explorations, please contact David. Sue or Andrew, or write direct to the Journal. — Editor.
Tolstoy and The Heroes of Family Therapy
Authors: Larner Glenn 
Published: September 2013

This paper presents Tolstoy's view of history in ‘War and Peace’ against the background of recent post‐modern developments in philosophy and family therapy. Family therapy, like philosophy, is now caught between a modernist and a post‐modernist outlook, between ‘systematising’ or traditional scientific tendencies, and ‘edifying’ or literary practices. The former is represented by the idea of the family as a system and the latter in a metaphor of therapy as conversation.It is proposed that the edifying philosopher is sounding very much like the family therapist of the 1990s. Both share a newer metaphor of keeping the conversation going, and the idea that therapy is philosophy and philosophy a therapy. The discussion is grounded in Tolstoy's understanding of heroes in history and some implications for family therapy.
Macrophages behavior on different NIPAm‐based thermoresponsive substrates
Authors: Fan Xingliang , Nosov Mikhail , Carroll William , Gorelov Alexander , Elvira Carlos , Rochev Yury 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThermoresponsive materials and surfaces are widely used in cell culture applications. There is a lot of research work employing thermoresponsive materials with various structure and compositions. However, little is known about the immunological response to the thermoresponsive materials. Macrophage‐like transformed murine cell line RAW264.7 was selected as it is a widely used standard model for immune activation analysis. This study proposes to compare the effects of thermoresponsive films with various compositions on macrophage cells. Thermoresponsive materials are a useful utility as a non‐enzymatic harvesting system for tissue culture. As RAW264.7 cells are difficult to remove from the substrate by enzymatic methods we also explored the possibility to use thermoresponsive materials for the macrophage cultivation. Spin coating and solvent casting was used to produce films of N‐isopropylacrylamide‐based polymers from the nanometer to micrometer range. Successful cell adhesion and proliferation was highly dependent on the thickness and composition of the coating. RAW264.7 cells were successfully detached from the coatings upon temperature reduction. Furthermore, results indicate that the RAW264.7 cells remained inactivated as cell secreted cytokine remained at a low level and the surface receptor profile of RAW264.7 was not altered when cells were detached in this manner. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 2901–2910, 2014.
Effects of borate‐based bioactive glass on neuron viability and neurite extension
Authors: Marquardt Laura M. , Day Delbert , Sakiyama‐Elbert Shelly E. , Harkins Amy B. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBioactive glasses have recently been shown to promote regeneration of soft tissues by positively influencing tissue remodeling during wound healing. We were interested to determine whether bioactive glasses have the potential for use in the treatment of peripheral nerve injury. In these experiments, degradable bioactive borate glass was fabricated into rods and microfibers. To study the compatibility with neurons, embryonic chick dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were cultured with different forms of bioactive borate glass. Cell viability was measured with no media exchange (static condition) or routine media exchange (transient condition). Neurite extension was measured within fibrin scaffolds with embedded glass microfibers or aligned rod sheets. Mixed cultures of neurons, glia, and fibroblasts growing in static conditions with glass rods and microfibers resulted in decreased cell viability. However, the percentage of neurons compared with all cell types increased by the end of the culture protocol compared with culture without glass. Furthermore, bioactive glass and fibrin composite scaffolds promoted neurite extension similar to that of control fibrin scaffolds, suggesting that glass does not have a significant detrimental effect on neuronal health. Aligned glass scaffolds guided neurite extension in an oriented manner. Together these findings suggest that bioactive glass can provide alignment to support directed axon growth. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 2767–2775, 2014.
Fabrication of poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) scaffolds containing silk fibroin scaffolds for tissue engineering applications
Authors: Ju Hyung Woo , Sheikh Faheem A. , Moon Bo Mi , Park Hyun Jung , Lee Ok Joo , Kim Jung Ho , Eun Jang Ji , Khang Gilson , Park Chan Hum 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe present study deals with the fabrication of poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds modified with silk fibroin for biomedical application. The PLGA solutions were added with salt particles and pressed with high pressures; which were further subjected to salt leaching resulting in the creation of large sized pores in the PLGA scaffolds. To fill up these pores, 2%, 4%, and 8% of silk solutions were added, however, the addition created extra small sized pores. The scaffolds were characterized by various state of techniques; the scanning electronic microscopy revealed the large sized pores in the pristine scaffold can be tailored into smaller architecture by the addition of silk fibroin. The contact angle measurements confirmed the introduction of silk helped to change the hydrophobic nature of PLGA into hydrophilic, which is the main constrain for PLGA. The mechanical properties of scaffold can be easily improved by applying the higher amounts of silk into the scaffolds. The thermal gravimetric analyses and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of silk fibroin in scaffolds. The cell viability and cell attachment was checked by culturing the scaffolds with NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and chondrocytes. Furthermore, these results revealed that the introduction of silk had significant impact on the viability of fibroblast also had a good affinity for cell attachment and infiltration of human chondrocytes in scaffolds after culturing the cells for 2 and 5 weeks of time. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 2713–2724, 2014.
Chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 and hMSCs could be induced by a novel scaffold‐tricalcium phosphate‐collagen‐hyaluronan without any exogenous growth factorsin vitro
Authors: Meng Fangang , He Aishan , Zhang Zhiqi , Zhang Ziji , Lin Zihong , Yang Zibo , Long Yi , Wu Gang , Kang Yan , Liao Weiming 
Published: September 2013

AbstractApplication of chondrogenic growth factors is a routine strategy to induce chondrogenesis of hMSCs, but they have economic and safety problems in the long term. It is expected that scaffold material itself could play an important role in chondrogenesis of hMSCs. In this study we tested whether a novel tricalcium phosphate‐collagen‐hyaluronan scaffold (TCP‐COL‐HA) had inherent chondro‐inductive capacity for chondrogenesis of both ATDC5 and hMSCs without any exogenous growth factors in vitro. hMSCs and ATDC5 were seeded onto TCP‐COL‐HA scaffolds and cultured in basal medium for 3 weeks to investigate whether the TCP‐COL‐HA scaffold itself had differentiation‐inductive capacity in basal culture. With hMSCs‐seeded scaffold in chondrogenic medium (including TGF‐β1) as positive control, we then compared the chondrogenic induction of TCP‐COL‐HA in basal culture and in chondrogenic culture. The chondrogenic differentiation was evaluated by sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) quantification, type II collagen immunohistochemistry, and RT‐PCR. Mechanical strength was evaluated by compression test and the cell death rate of hMSCs was assessed with TUNEL assay. The results showed TCP‐COL‐HA scaffold itself could efficiently induce chondrogenic differentiation of both ATDC5 and hMSCs after 3 weeks in basal culture. The accumulation of GAGs and the expression of chondrocyte marker genes were all significantly increased. In addition, hMSCs‐seeded scaffold showed a significantly higher mechanical strength after 3 weeks in basal culture. The chondrogenic induction of TCP‐COL‐HA scaffolds in basal medium were almost similar to that in chondrogenic medium on hMSCs. The chondrogenesis‐inducing capacity of TCP‐COL‐HA scaffold might help to improve cartilage tissue engineering with economic and safe benefits. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 2725–2735, 2014.