bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence for Insisting on Cognitive Conflict Tasks: Impact on Accounting Majors in Upper-Level Courses
Authors: Sargent Carol Springer , Borthick A. Faye 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT
Springer and Borthick (2004a) designed cognitive conflict tasks in sophomore accounting to develop critical thinking. While prior work showed that students completing critical thinking courses had stronger content knowledge (Springer and Borthick 2007), it provided no evidence that these experiences would improve performance in courses with new content areas. This study extends the prior work by providing evidence of far transfer, the kind that would be expected if critical thinking were developed during the sophomore tasks. In this study, students with cognitive conflict task experience in sophomore accounting performed better than those with traditional sophomore accounting experience, in both readings-only and problem-based junior-level courses. In addition, the graduation GPAs of students with cognitive task experience increased more between the junior year and graduation than those of students without these tasks. An interaction between GPA and sophomore learning experience showed stronger effects for lower-achieving students, consistent with improved critical thinking.
Associations among exercise duration, lameness severity, and hip joint range of motion in Labrador Retrievers with hip dysplasia
Authors: Greene Laura M. , Marcellin-Little Denis J. , Lascelles B. Duncan X. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate factors associated with lameness severity and hip joint range of motion in dogs with hip dysplasia and to assess the association between hip joint range of motion and degree of lameness.
Design—Prospective case series.
Animals—60 client-owned Labrador Retrievers with hip dysplasia.
Procedures—Owners completed a questionnaire regarding their dogs' daily exercise duration and type (ie, low impact vs high impact) and lifestyle. Range of motion of affected hip joints was measured with a transparent plastic goniometer. The presence of subluxation or luxation of hip joints as a consequence of hip dysplasia and the size of the largest osteophytes or enthesophytes of hip joints on ventrodorsal radiographic images of the pelvis were recorded. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with lameness, loss of hip joint flexion, and loss of hip joint extension and to identify factors associated with the presence of large osteophytes.
Results—Exercise was associated with a decrease in the severity of lameness in dogs with hip dysplasia. The strength of this inverse relationship increased with longer exercise duration. Lameness was more severe in dogs with hip joint luxation than in dogs without luxation. Hip joint extension was 1° lower for each year of age, and osteophyte or enthesophyte size was 1 mm larger with each 3-year increase in age.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Longer daily exercise duration was associated with lower lameness scores in dogs with hip dysplasia. Dogs with hip joint luxation secondary to hip dysplasia had higher lameness scores than did dogs without hip joint luxation.
Metronomic administration of chlorambucil for treatment of dogs with urinary bladder transitional cell carcinoma
Authors: Schrempp Diane R. , Childress Michael O. , Stewart Jane C. , Leach Tiffany N. , Tan Kean Ming , Abbo Andrew H. , de Gortari Amalia E. , Bonney Patty L. , Knapp Deborah W. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Objective—To determine the antitumor effects and toxicoses of metronomic oral administration of a low dose of chlorambucil in dogs with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC).
Design—Prospective clinical trial.
Animals—31 client-owned dogs with TCC for which prior treatments had failed or owners had declined other treatments.
Procedures—Chlorambucil (4 mg/m2, PO, q 24 h) was administered to dogs. Before and at scheduled times during treatment, evaluations of dogs included physical examination, CBC, serum biochemical analyses, urinalysis, thoracic and abdominal imaging including cystosonography for measurement of TCCs, and grading of toxicoses.
Results—29 of 31 dogs had failed prior TCC treatment. Of the 30 dogs with available data, 1 (3%) had partial remission (≥ 50% reduction in tumor volume), 20 (67%) had stable disease (< 50% change in tumor volume), and 9 (30%) had progressive disease (≥ 50% increase in tumor volume or development of additional tumors); 1 dog was lost to follow-up. The median progression-free interval (time from the start of chlorambucil treatment to the day progressive disease was detected) for the dogs was 119 days (range, 7 to 728 days). The median survival time of dogs from the time of the start of chlorambucil treatment was 221 days (range, 7 to 747 days). Few toxicoses were detected; chlorambucil administration was discontinued because of toxicoses in only 1 dog.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Metronomic administration of chlorambucil was well tolerated, and 70% of dogs had partial remission or stable disease. Metronomic administration of chlorambucil may be a treatment option for dogs with TCC.
Evaluation of risk factors for development of corneal ulcer after nonocular surgery in dogs: 14 cases (2009–2011)
Authors: Park Young-Woo , Son Won-Gyun , Jeong Man-Bok , Seo Kangmoon , Lee Lyon Y. , Lee Inhyung 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the prevalence of and risk factors for development of corneal ulcers after nonocular surgery performed with general anesthesia in dogs.
Design—Retrospective case-control study.
Animals—14 dogs with development of corneal ulcers after nonocular surgery and 718 control dogs.
Procedures—Medical records of dogs evaluated at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University from January 2009 to June 2011 were reviewed for assessment of risk factors for development of corneal ulcers.
Results—Among the 732 reviewed cases, 14 (1.9%) dogs of 6 breeds developed a corneal ulcer after nonocular surgery. Duration of anesthesia was significantly longer in dogs with ulcers than dogs without ulcers. The number of medications received and procedures performed were also significantly higher in dogs with ulcers than dogs without ulcers. Dogs with a small skull (OR, 8.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04 to 70.90) and dogs that received neurosurgery (OR, 21.12; 95% CI, 5.77 to 77.25) were more susceptible to development of corneal ulcers. Also, postoperative application of a fentanyl patch was a risk factor for development of corneal ulcers (OR, 4.53; 95% CI, 1.05 to 19.60).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Several risk factors were identified for development of corneal ulcers after nonocular surgery was performed with general anesthesia in dogs. Perioperative eye protection strategies and postoperative ophthalmic examination are needed to reduce the occurrence of corneal ulcers and their progression, especially for high-risk dogs and procedures.
Effect of a monovalent vaccine against Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo strain hardjobovis on fertility in Holstein dairy cattle
Authors: Plunkett Amanda H. , Graham Thomas W. , Famula Thomas R. , Oberbauer Anita M. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Objective—To determine whether vaccination with a monovalent vaccine against Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo strain hardjobovis would improve reproductive efficiency in Holstein cattle in a commercial dairy setting.
Design—Randomized controlled trial.
Animals—1,894 Holstein cows and heifers from a Central California dairy.
Procedures—Cattle were assigned to undergo SC administration of a monovalent vaccine against Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo strain hardjobovis (n = 986) or a placebo (lactated Ringer's solution; 908). At the end of their lactation period, cows received 2 doses of the vaccine or placebo, 28 to 35 days apart, with the initial dose administered in conjunction with oxytetracycline. Heifers received the same treatments, with the second dose administered at least 2 weeks before their entrance into the heifer breeding pen. Urine and blood samples were collected from randomly selected cattle immediately before and 1 year after the trial began and submitted for fluorescent antibody and microscopic agglutination testing to identify any infecting Leptospira serovar.
Results—The initial herd prevalence of active infection with strain hardjobovis was 13% (6/46 tested cattle), followed by 15% (6/40) 1 year after the trial began. The odds of heifers conceiving over the period at risk for conception, regardless of vaccination, was approximately 2.8 times as high as for primiparous and pluriparous cows. Survival analysis of days from parturition to conception revealed that the vaccine protocol had no effect on the probability of conception between the vaccinated and control groups. The vaccine protocol had no impact on pregnancy loss.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The evaluated vaccination protocol against Leptospira strain hardjobovis was not effective in improving reproductive efficiency in commercial Holstein dairy cows or in decreasing urine shedding of leptospires.
Dietetic Students’ Experiences: Providing Meal Assistance in Long-term Care Facilities
Authors: Osinga Nicole , Keller Heather 
Published: May 2013

Purpose: This qualitative study involved describing the experiences of dietetic students who provided meal help to older adults. Of interest were benefits and challenges, and how training could be enhanced. Methods: Individual, face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine undergraduate dietetic students. In the preceding year, these students had volunteered as meal helpers in a long-term care home. Interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative thematic analysis was used to analyze the transcripts. Results: All participating students were female and from one undergraduate program. Three main themes emerged: growing into the role, learning outside the classroom, and providing quality assistance. Conclusions: This study provides an understanding of how meal helping can be a valuable experience for emerging dietitians. It also gives insights into training and the development of the meal helper role.
Knowledge, Perceptions, and Consumption of Whole Grains: Among University Students
Authors: Williams Brock A. , Mazier M.J. Patricia 
Published: May 2013

Purpose: Differences in knowledge, perceptions, and consumption of whole grains were compared between students who had taken an introductory university nutrition course and those who had not. Methods: The sample consisted of two groups: 109 students who had completed a nutrition course and 61 who had not. The two samples were drawn from second-year nursing students and students in second-year psychology courses, respectively. All students completed a 25-item questionnaire. Chi-square tests were used to identify associations between completion of a nutrition course and responses. Results: Nutrition education students had more knowledge of whole grain recommendations, of whole grains available in stores, and of whole grains as a factor in disease risk reduction (p<0.05). In contrast, non-nutrition education students had more knowledge of whole grain health claims, reported a greater preference for the taste of whole grains, and had a greater than mean intake of whole grain cereals (p<0.05). Conclusions: This prelimary study indicates that completion of an introductory nutrition course has a greater influence on positive perceptions of whole grains than on students’ consumption frequency or knowledge of whole grains. Further study may provide more information on nutrition education and whole grains.
Plasma taurine as a predictor of poor outcome in patients with mild neurological deficits after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Barges-Coll Juan , Pérez-Neri Iván , Avendaño Javier , Mendez-Rosito Diego , Gomez-Amador Juan Luis , Ríos Camilo 
Published: May 2013

Object
The object of this study was to determine the relationship between plasma taurine and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) outcome.

Methods
Forty patients with SAH and mild neurological deficits were included in this prospective, blinded cohort study. Plasma taurine levels were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography on admission and were correlated with patient outcomes at discharge.

Results
Twenty-five percent of the patients ultimately had a poor outcome. Plasma taurine concentrations at admission were increased (2-fold) in SAH patients with a favorable outcome and were further increased (6-fold) in those who had a poor outcome. Increased taurine levels identified patients who would be discharged with a poor outcome, with sensitivity and specificity values of approximately 80% and 100%, respectively, and positive and negative predictive values of approximately 90%. Delayed cerebral vasospasm showed an OR of 27.9 (95% CI 1.090–714.9) for a poor outcome, whereas an increased taurine concentration had an OR of 105 for a poor outcome (95% CI 8.3–1328.0, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Increased plasma taurine concentrations on admission predict a poor outcome in SAH.
The role of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the treatment of hydrocephalus
Authors: Vogel Timothy W. , Bahuleyan Biji , Robinson Shenandoah , Cohen Alan R. 
Published: May 2013

Object
Hydrocephalus remains a major public health problem. Conventional treatment has relied on extracranial shunting of CSF to another systemic site, but this approach is associated with a high rate of complications. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is a novel treatment for select forms of hydrocephalus that can eliminate the need for implantation of a lifelong ventricular shunt system. However, the indications for ETV are contested and its long-term effectiveness is not well established.

Methods
The authors selected 100 consecutive patients who underwent ETV for hydrocephalus beginning in 1994. Patients were enrolled and treated at a single institution by a single surgeon. The primary outcome was success of ETV, with success defined as no need for subsequent surgery for hydrocephalus.

Results
Ninety-five patients satisfied the inclusion criteria. The mean follow-up period was 5.1 years (median 4.7 years) with follow-up data available for as long as 17 years. Patients commonly presented with headache (85%), ataxia (34%), emesis (29%), and changes in vision (27%). The success rate for ETV was 75%. Twenty-one patients (22%) in the series had malfunctioning shunts preoperatively and 13 (62%) were successfully treated with ETV. Preoperative inferior bowing of the third ventricle floor on MRI was significantly associated with ETV success (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Endoscopic third ventriculostomy is an effective and durable treatment for select patients with hydrocephalus. When successful, the procedure eliminates the lifelong complications associated with implanted ventricular shunts.
A 2-fold higher rate of intraventricular hemorrhage–related mortality in African American neonates and infants
Authors: Qureshi Adnan I. , Adil Malik M. , Shafizadeh Negin , Majidi Shahram 
Published: May 2013

Object
Despite the recognition of racial or ethnic differences in preterm gestation, such differences in the rate of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), frequently associated with preterm gestation, are not well studied. The authors performed the current study to identify racial or ethnic differences in the incidence of IVH-related mortality within the national population of the US.

Methods
Using the ICD-10 codes P52.0, P52.1, P52.2, P52.3, and P10.2 and the Multiple Cause of Death data from 2000 to 2009, the authors identified all IVH-related mortalities that occurred in neonates and infants aged less than 1 year. The live births for whites and African Americans from the census for 2000–2009 were used to derive the incidence of IVH-related mortality for whites and African Americans per 100,000 live births. The IVH rate ratio (RR, 95% confidence interval [CI]) and annual percent change (APC) in the incidence rates from 2000 to 2009 were also calculated.

Results
A total of 3249 IVH-related mortality cases were reported from 2000 to 2009. The incidence rates of IVH were higher among African American infants (16 per 100,000 live births) than among whites (7.8 per 100,000 live births). African American infants had a 2-fold higher risk of IVH-related mortality compared with whites (RR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2–3.2). The rate of increase over the last 10 years was less in African American infants (APC 1.6%) than in white infants (APC 4.3%).

Conclusions
The rate of IVH-related mortality is 2-fold higher among African American than white neonates and infants. Further studies are required to understand the underlying reasons for this prominent disparity in one of the most significant causes of infant mortality.
Posterior-only approach for lumbar vertebral column resection and expandable cage reconstruction for spinal metastases
Authors: Jandial Rahul , Kelly Brandon , Chen Mike Yue 
Published: May 2013

Object
The increasing incidence of spinal metastasis, a result of improved systemic therapies for cancer, has spurred a search for an alternative method for the surgical treatment of lumbar metastases. The authors report a single-stage posterior-only approach for resecting any pathological lumbar vertebral segment and reconstructing with a medium to large expandable cage while preserving all neurological structures.

Methods
The authors conducted a retrospective consecutive case review of 11 patients (5 women, 6 men) with spinal metastases treated at 1 institution with single-stage posterior-only vertebral column resection and reconstruction with an expandable cage and pedicle screw fixation. For all patients, the indications for operative intervention were spinal cord compression, cauda equina compression, and/or spinal instability. Neurological status was classified according to the American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale, and functional outcomes were analyzed by using a visual analog scale for pain.

Results
For all patients, a circumferential vertebral column resection was achieved, and full decompression was performed with a posterior-only approach. Each cage was augmented by posterior pedicle screw fixation extending 2 levels above and below the resected level. No patient required a separate anterior procedure. Average estimated blood loss and duration of each surgery were 1618 ml (range 900–4000 ml) and 6.6 hours (range 4.5–9 hours), respectively. The mean follow-up time was 14 months (range 10–24 months). The median survival time after surgery was 17.7 months. Delayed hardware failure occurred for 1 patient. Preoperatively, 2 patients had intractable pain with intact lower-extremity strength and 8 patients had severe intractable pain, lower-extremity paresis, and were unable to walk; 4 of whom regained the ability to walk after surgery. Two patients who were paraplegic before decompression recovered substantial function but remained wheelchair bound, and 2 patients remained paraparetic after the surgery. No patients had lasting intraoperative neuromonitoring changes, and none died. Complications included 2 reoperations, 1 delayed hardware failure (cage subsidence that did not require revision), and 3 incidental durotomies (none of which required reoperation). No postoperative pneumonia, ileus, or deep venous thrombosis developed in any patient.

Conclusions
A posterior-only approach for vertebral segment resection with preservation of spinal nerve roots is a viable technique that can be used throughout the entire lumbar spine. Extensive mobilization of the nerve roots is of utmost importance and allows for insertion and expansion of medium-sized, in situ expandable cages in the midline. This approach, although technically challenging, might reduce the morbidity associated with an anterior approach.
Growth factor stimulation of cardiomyocytes induces changes in the transcriptional contents of secreted exosomes
Authors: Gennebäck Nina , Hellman Urban , Malm Linus , Larsson Göran , Ronquist Gunnar , Waldenström Anders , Mörner Stellan 
Published: May 2013

Exosomes are nano‐sized extracellular vesicles, released from various cells, which can stimulate or repress responses in targets cells. We recently reported that cultured cardiomyocytes are able to release exosomes and that they, in turn, are involved in facilitating events in target cells by alteration of gene expression. We investigated whether external stimuli of the cardiomyocyte might influence the transcriptional content of the released exosomes.Exosomes were isolated from media collected from cultured cardiomyocytes (HL‐1) with or without growth factor treatment (TGF‐β2 and PDGF‐BB), with a series of differential centrifugations, including preparative ultracentrifugation and separation with a sucrose gradient. The exosomes were characterized with dynamic light scattering (DLS), electron microscopy (EM) and Western blot and analyzed with Illumina whole genome microarray gene expression.The exosomes were rounded in shape and had an average size of 50–90 nm in diameter with no difference between treatment groups. Analysis of the mRNA content in repeated experiments conclusively revealed 505 transcripts in the control group, 562 in the TGF‐β2‐treated group and 300 in the PDGF‐BB‐treated group. Common transcripts (217) were found in all 3 groups.We show that the mode of stimulation of parental cells affects the characteristics of exosomes released. Hence, there is a difference in mRNA content between exosomes derived from cultured cardiomyocytes stimulated, or not stimulated, with growth factors. We also conclude that all exosomes contain a basic package consisting of ribosomal transcripts and mRNAs coding for proteins with functions within the energy supply system.
How reliable is secondary risk stratification with stimulated thyroglobulin in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma?
Authors: Lemb J. , Hüfner M. , Meller B. , Homayounfar K. , Sahlmann C. , Meller J. 
Published: May 2013

SummaryObjective: Primary risk factors in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) are well established. In our institution, secondary risk stratification has been performed with stimulated Thyroglobulin (sTg; TSH > 30 mIU/l) within six months after primary therapy since 2001. In this study, we evaluated the predictive value of sTg for long-term disease- free survival (DFS). Patients, methods: Data of 202 consecutive patients with DTC were analyzed retrospectively. Median follow-up time was 6.4 years (12 months to 16.2 years). Patients were staged according to Union International Contre le Cancer (UICC) criteria. Primary risk stratification was carried out according to European Thyroid Association criteria. Initially, 134 patients (66%) were classified as low-risk and 68 patients (34%) as high-risk. The influence of established risk factors and sTg on DFS was analyzed at three different time points, up to 36 months after initial therapy. Results: In total, 169 (84%) of all patients remained in complete remission after surgery followed by radioiodine-therapy. Six patients (3%) developed tumour recurrence after initial complete remission. Primary risk factors for persistent disease were male sex, follicular or oncocytic tumour, primary tumour > 4 cm in diameter, initial lymph node involvement, initial metastatic disease and microscopic or macroscopic residual tumor. sTg ≤ 0.3 ng/ml measured within six months after initial therapy was a highly significant predictor (p ≤ 0.001) for lasting DFS, 99% of patients with sTg ≤ 0.3 ng/ml were in complete remission 36 months after initial therapy. Conclusions: A stimulated Tg ≤ 0.3 ng/ml within six months after initial therapy is a reliable predictor for long-term disease- free survival independent of primary risk stratification.