bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of platelet additive solution apheresis platelets on allergic transfusion reactions and corrected count increment (CME)
Authors: Tobian Aaron A.R. , Fuller Alice K. , Uglik Kristin , Tisch Daniel J. , Borge Prabhakar D. , Benjamin Richard J. , Ness Paul M. , King Karen E. 
Published: November 2013

BackgroundAllergic transfusion reaction (ATR) incidence ranges from 1% to 3% of all transfusions. We evaluated the impact of InterSol platelet additive solution (PAS) apheresis platelets (APs) on the incidence of ATRs and the posttransfusion platelet (PLT) increment.Study Design and MethodsThis retrospective study evaluated all ATRs among patients at a university hospital that maintained a mixed inventory of PAS APs and non‐PAS APs (standard plasma‐suspended PLTs). Corrected count increments (CCIs) were calculated for AP transfusions of individuals who received both a PAS and a non‐PAS AP transfusion within a 7‐day period. Hypothesis testing was performed with chi‐square test for dichotomous variables and t tests for continuous variables.ResultsThe incidence of ATRs among the non‐PAS APs was 1.85% (72 ATRs/3884 transfusions) and 1.01% (12 ATRs/1194 transfusions) for PAS APs (risk ratio [RR], 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.30‐0.99; p = 0.04). However, there was no difference in the incidence of febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions between non‐PAS APs (incidence, 0.70%; 27/3884) compared to PAS APs (incidence, 0.59%; 7/1194; p = 0.69). Among 223 individuals with paired non‐PAS and PAS AP transfusions, the mean CCI at 1 to 4 hours after transfusion was 4932 (95% CI, 4452‐5412) for non‐PAS APs and was lower for PAS APs (CCI, 3766; 95% CI, 3375‐4158; p ≤ 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in mean CCI at 12 to 24 hours between non‐PAS (CCI, 2135; 95% CI, 1696‐2573) and PAS APs (CCI, 1745; 95% CI, 1272‐2217; p = 0.14).ConclusionsPAS APs substantially reduce the number of ATRs. CCIs for PAS APs were lower immediately after transfusion, but not significantly different at 12 to 24 hours.
The impact of call centre employment on women in India
Authors: FOREY GAIL 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTThe market for global business process outsourcing (BPO) is predicted to triple in size by 2020 (NASSCOM ). Such explosive growth has had and will continue to have huge economic benefits for Asia. The benefits are clearly manifest in India and the Philippines, who are both leading offshore outsourcing (O&O) destinations for the BPO industry. In India, this development has resulted in an initiative to increase the number of women in the BPO workforce by a staggering 50 per cent. The implications of such a huge push has tremendous social impact, yet little is known about the BPO industry and the role of language in these O&O destinations. The present paper focuses on the impact of English and the role of women in this global workforce by addressing the following question: ‘What is the impact of the BPO industry, and specifically call centre employment, on women in India?’ Drawing on data collected through interviews, the findings show that women's lives have changed in a number of different ways. Informants reported experiencing greater freedom, financial independence and other significant changes. The findings provide a lucid representation of the role of English language in globalisation within the BPO industry in Asia.
English and Cantonese in a bilingual call centre in Hong Kong
Authors: LAM MARVIN , YU CAROL 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTWith the rapid development of telecommunications and the business processing outsourcing (BPO) industry, many companies are establishing call centres for customer service in developing countries, where English is the major language used in the industry but often not spoken as the first language. While there is an abundance of research on call centre communication from the perspectives of business and management, sociolinguistics and applied linguistics, there is still a dearth of information about the use of English in the BPO industry with the coexistence of other languages. This paper presents a comparative study on the use of English and Cantonese in call centre communication conducted in an international healthcare insurance organisation in Hong Kong. English and Cantonese calls with apparent conflicts were transcribed and analysed in terms of how customer service representatives (CSRs) respond to complaints, and how customers enact their negative emotions while complaining.
Identification of RNase L-Dependent, 3′-End-Modified, Viral Small RNAs in Sindbis Virus-Infected Mammalian Cells
Authors: Girardi Erika , Chane-Woon-Ming Béatrice , Messmer Mélanie , Kaukinen Pasi , Pfeffer Sébastien 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT
Small RNAs play a critical role in host-pathogen interaction. Indeed, small RNA-mediated silencing or RNA interference (RNAi) is one of the earliest forms of antiviral immunity. Although it represents the main defense system against viruses in many organisms, the antiviral role of RNAi has not been clearly proven in higher vertebrates. However, it is well established that their response to viral infection relies on the recognition of viral RNAs by host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to trigger activation of the interferon pathway. In the present work, we report the existence of a novel small noncoding RNA population produced in mammalian cells upon RNA virus infection. Using Sindbis virus (SINV) as a prototypic arbovirus model, we profiled the small RNA population of infected cells in both human and African green monkey cell lines. Here, we provide evidence for the presence of discrete small RNAs of viral origin that are not associated with the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), that are highly expressed and detected by Northern blot analysis, and that accumulate as 21- to 28-nucleotide (nt) species during infection. We report that the cellular antiviral endoribonuclease RNase L cleaves the viral genome, producing in turn the small RNAs. Surprisingly, we uncovered the presence of a modification on the 3′-end nucleotide of SINV-derived viral small RNAs (SvsRNAs) that might be at the origin of their stability. Altogether, our findings show that stable modified small viral RNAs could represent a novel way to modulate host-virus interaction upon SINV infection.

IMPORTANCE
In a continuous arms race, viruses have to deal with host antiviral responses in order to successfully establish an infection. In mammalian cells, the host defense mechanism relies on the recognition of viral RNAs, resulting in the activation of type I interferons (IFNs). In turn, the expression of many interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) is induced to inhibit viral replication. Here we report that the cytoplasmic, interferon-induced, cellular endoribonuclease RNase L is involved in the accumulation of a novel small RNA population of viral origin. These small RNAs are produced upon SINV infection of mammalian cells and are stabilized by a 3′-end modification. Altogether, our findings indicate that in our system RNA silencing is not active against Sindbis virus (SINV) and might open the way to a better understanding of the antiviral response mediated by a novel class of small RNAs.
Nitrogen and Carbon Status Are Integrated at the Transcriptional Level by the Nitrogen Regulator NtrC
In Vivo
Authors: Schumacher Jörg , Behrends Volker , Pan Zhensheng , Brown Dan R. , Heydenreich Franziska , Lewis Matthew R. , Bennett Mark H. , Razzaghi Banafsheh , Komorowski Michal , Barahona Mauricio , Stumpf Michael P. H. , Wigneshweraraj Sivaramesh , Bundy Jacob G. , Buck Martin 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT

Nitrogen regulation in
Escherichia coli
is a model system for gene regulation in bacteria. Growth on glutamine as a sole nitrogen source is assumed to be nitrogen limiting, inferred from slow growth and strong NtrB/NtrC-dependent gene activation. However, we show that under these conditions, the intracellular glutamine concentration is not limiting but 5.6-fold higher than in ammonium-replete conditions; in addition, α-ketoglutarate concentrations are elevated. We address this glutamine paradox from a systems perspective. We show that the dominant role of NtrC is to regulate
glnA
transcription and its own expression, indicating that the glutamine paradox is not due to NtrC-independent gene regulation. The absolute intracellular NtrC and GS concentrations reveal molecular control parameters, where NtrC-specific activities were highest in nitrogen-starved cells, while under glutamine growth, NtrC showed intermediate specific activity. We propose an
in vivo
model in which α-ketoglutarate can derepress nitrogen regulation despite nitrogen sufficiency.

IMPORTANCE
Nitrogen is the most important nutrient for cell growth after carbon, and its metabolism is coordinated at the metabolic, transcriptional, and protein levels. We show that growth on glutamine as a sole nitrogen source, commonly assumed to be nitrogen limiting and used as such as a model system for nitrogen limitation, is in fact nitrogen replete. Our integrative quantitative analysis of key molecules involved in nitrogen assimilation and regulation reveal that glutamine is not necessarily the dominant molecule signaling nitrogen sufficiency and that α-ketoglutarate may play a more important role in signaling nitrogen status. NtrB/NtrC integrates α-ketoglutarate and glutamine signaling—sensed by the UTase (
glnD
) and PII (
glnB
), respectively—and regulates the nitrogen response through self-regulated expression and phosphorylation-dependent activation of the nitrogen (
ntr
) regulon. Our findings support α-ketoglutarate acting as a global regulatory metabolite.
Physical activity is medicine for older adults
Authors: Taylor Denise 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
There is evidence from high quality studies to strongly support the positive association between increased levels of physical activity, exercise participation and improved health in older adults. Worldwide, around 3.2 million deaths per year are being attributed to inactivity. In industrialised countries where people are living longer lives, the levels of chronic health conditions are increasing and the levels of physical activity are declining. Key factors in improving health are exercising at a moderate-to-vigorous level for at least 5 days per week and including both aerobic and strengthening exercises. Few older adults achieve the level of physical activity or exercise that accompanies health improvements. A challenge for health professionals is to increase physical activity and exercise participation in older adults. Some success in this has been reported when physicians have given specific, detailed and localised information to their patients, but more high quality research is needed to continue to address this issue of non-participation in physical activity and exercise of a high enough level to ensure health benefits.
Examining Incentives to Share Demand Information with your Channel Partner
Authors: Niraj Rakesh , Narasimhan Chakravarthi 
Published: November 2013

In this paper, we examine the information-sharing behavior of firms in a distribution channel context. Channel alliance initiatives like ECR and category management often involve pooling of information available with manufacturers and retailers. Such pooling of information should lead to better decision making and hence it is desirable. However, in practice, category management is often implemented with an intriguing institution of category captain, that involves the retailer entering into an alliance with only one (of many) supplier in a category. We first analyze the information sharing incentives of a manufacturer and retailer in a bilateral monopoly and identify the importance of quality of information available with the firms and the degree of complementarity of resources in determining the effectiveness of information sharing. We then show how these forces might lead to the emergence of the category captain phenomena in a model with competing manufacturers selling through a common retailer.
Influence of scaffold composition over in vitro osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and in vivo inflammatory response
Authors: Costa-Pinto Ana R , Vargel I , Tuzlakoglu K , Correlo VM , Sol PC , Faria S , Piskin E , Reis RL , Neves Nuno M 
Published: November 2013

To understand the role of chitosan in chitosan-poly(butylene succinate) scaffolds (50% wt), 50%, 25%, and 0% of chitosan were used to produce different scaffolds. These scaffolds were in vitro seeded and cultured with human bone marrow stromal cells in osteogenic conditions, revealing that higher percentage of chitosan showed enhanced cell viability over time, adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation. Scaffolds were also implanted in cranial defects and iliac submuscular region in Wistar rats, and the results evidenced that chitosan-containing scaffolds displayed mild inflammatory response and good integration with surrounding tissues, showed by connective tissue colonization and the presence of new blood vessels. Scaffolds without chitosan-evidenced necrotic tissue in scaffolds’ interior, proving that chitosan exerts a positive effect over cell behavior and displays a milder host inflammatory response in vivo.
Loss of Asxl1 leads to myelodysplastic syndrome–like disease in mice
Authors: Wang Jiapeng , Li Zhaomin , He Yongzheng , Pan Feng , Chen Shi , Rhodes Steven , Nguyen Lihn , Yuan Jin , Jiang Li , Yang Xianlin , Weeks Ophelia , Liu Ziyue , Zhou Jiehao , Ni Hongyu , Cai Chen-Leng , Xu Mingjiang , Yang Feng-Chun 
Published: November 2013

Key PointsDeletion/haploinsufficiency of Asxl1 causes MDS-like disease in mice. Asxl1 loss reduces the HSC pool and decreases HSC hematopoietic repopulating capacity in vivo.
A mouse protein that localizes to acrosome and sperm tail is regulated by Y-chromosome
Authors: Bhattacharya Rupa , Devi Manju S , Dhople Vishnu M , Jesudasan Rachel A 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Acrosomal proteins play crucial roles in the physiology of fertilization. Identification of proteins localizing to the acrosome is fundamental to the understanding of its contribution to fertilization. Novel proteins are still being reported from acrosome. In order to capture yet unreported proteins localizing to acrosome in particular and sperm in general, 2D-PAGE and mass spectrometry analysis of mouse sperm proteins was done.

Results
One of the protein spots identified in the above study was reported in the NCBI database as a hypothetical protein from Riken cDNA 1700026L06 that localizes to chromosome number 2. Immunofluorescence studies using the antibody raised in rabbit against the recombinant protein showed that it localized to mouse acrosome and sperm tail. Based on the localization of this protein, it has been named m ouse a crosome and s perm t ail protein (MAST, [Q7TPM5 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/Q7TPM5)]). This protein shows 96% identity to the rat spermatid specific protein RSB66. Western blotting showed that MAST is expressed testis-specifically. Co-immunoprecipitation studies using the MAST antibody identified two calcium-binding proteins, caldendrin and calreticulin as interacting partners of MAST. Caldendrin and calreticulin genes localize to mouse chromosomes 5 and 8 respectively. In a Yq-deletion mutant mouse, that is subfertile and has a deletion of 2/3rd of the long arm of the Y chromosome, MAST failed to localize to the acrosome. Western blot analysis however, revealed equal expression of MAST in the testes of wild type and mutant mice. The acrosomal calcium-binding proteins present in the MAST IP-complex were upregulated in sperms of Yq-del mice.

Conclusions
We have identified a mouse acrosomal protein, MAST, that is expressed testis specifically. MAST does not contain any known motifs for protein interactions; yet it complexes with calcium-binding proteins localizing to the acrosome. The misexpression of all the proteins identified in a complex in the Yq-del mice invokes the hypothesis of a putative pathway regulated by the Y chromosome. The role of Y chromosome in the regulation of this complex is however not clear from the current study.
Therapeutic effect of dienogest on adenosarcoma arising from endometriosis: a case report
Authors: Tasaka Nobutaka , Matsumoto Koji , Satoh Toyomi , Minaguchi Takeo , Onuki Mamiko , Ochi Hiroyuki , Tanaka Yumiko O , Sakata Akiko , Noguchi Masayuki , Yoshikawa Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Dienogest is a novel synthesized progestin used for treatment of endometriosis. This is the first case report describing a therapeutic effect of dienogest on a gynecologic malignancy. The patient was a 44-year-old woman with advanced adenosarcoma arising from the endometriosis in the rectovaginal space and infiltrating the left pelvic wall, left ureter, rectum and vagina. The residual tumor after tumor debulking surgery was resistant to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Dienogest was used as a substitute for medroxyprogesterone acetate because of the presence of deep vein thrombosis. Based on the RECIST criteria, partial response was obtained with oral dienogest therapy at six months and the serum CA125 level also decreased from 70 U/ml to 16 U/ml. The tumor remained stable up to 21 months. Thromboembolism or other adverse effects did not occur during the dienogest therapy. Dienogest may be useful for the treatment of adenosarcoma arising from endometriosis.
A Multi-Technique Characterization of Cronstedtite Synthesized by Iron-Clay Interaction in a Step-By-Step Cooling Procedure
Authors: Pignatelli I. , Mugnaioli E. , Hybler J. , Mosser-Ruck R. , Cathelineau M. , Michau N. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe cooling of steel containers in radioactive-waste storage was simulated in a step-by-step experiment from 90 to 40ºC. Among newly formed clay minerals observed in run products, cronstedtite was identified by a number of analytical techniques (powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy). Cronstedtite has not previously been recognized to be so abundant and so well crystallized in an iron—clay interaction experiment. The supersaturation of experimental solutions with respect to cronstedtite was due to the availability of Fe and Si in solution, as a result of the dissolution of iron metal powder, quartz, and minor amounts of other silicates. Cronstedtite crystals are characterized by various morphologies: pyramidal (truncated or not) with a triangular base and conical with a rounded or hexagonal cross-section. The pyramidal crystals occur more frequently and their polytypes (2M1, 1M, 3T) were identified by selected area electron diffraction patterns and by automated diffraction tomography. Cronstedtite is stable within the 90-60ºC temperature range. At temperatures of ⩽ 50ºC, the cronstedite crystals showed evidence of alteration.
Reaction Pathways of Clay Minerals in Tropical Soils: Insights from Kaolinite-Smectite Synthesis Experiments
Authors: Ryan Peter C. , Huertas F. Javier 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPedogenic smectite from a young (Holocene) tropical soil was reacted in Al-rich solution at 150ºC for a range of reaction times (3 to 120 days) in orderto study mechanisms and rates associated with the transformation of smectite to kaolinite via interstratified kaolinite-smectite (K-S). As has been observed in tropical soils, the overall reaction rate is logarithmic, with rapid initial transformation of smectite to K-S with ~50% smectite layers, followed by progressively slower transformation of intermediate K-S to kaolinite-rich K-S and eventually Fe-kaolinite. Sub-micron hexagonal non-Fe-bearing kaolinite forms in the final stage (after 120 days) as a minor mineral in an assemblage dominated by Fe-kaolinite. The pedogenic smectite used as starting material consisted of two end-members, Fe-beidellite and Al-smectite, enabling comparison of reaction pathways. Fe-beidellite transforms to K-S or Fe-kaolinite within 3 days, whereas Al-smectite transforms much more slowly, appearing to reach a maximum rate in intermediate stages. This difference is probably due to hydrolysis of relatively weak Mg-O and Fe-O bonds (relative to Al-O bonds) in Fe-beidellite octahedral sheets, which drives rapid reaction, whereas the driving force behind transformation of Al-smectite is more likely to be related to stripping of tetrahedral sheets which reaches its maximum rate at intermediate stages. Multiple analytical approaches have indicated that Al is rapidly fixed from solution into smectite interlayers within K-S, and that K-S and Fe-kaolinite inherit octahedral Fe and Mg from precursor smectite; as the reaction progresses, octahedral sheets become progressively more Al-rich and Fe and Mg are lost to solution. These results demonstrate that: (1) early-formed pedogenic smectite in tropical soils is expected to transform to kaolinite via interstratified K-S; (2) K-S has a strong potential to sequester plant-toxic Al in tropical soil; and (3) the presence in tropical soils of Fe-kaolinites with relatively large cation exchange capacities may be related to inheritance of octahedral sheets from precursor smectite and K-S.
Kinetics of Desorption of Water, Ethanol, Ethyl Acetate, and Toluene from a Montmorillonite
Authors: Clausen Pascal , Meier Lorenz , Hughes Eric , Plummer Christopher J. G. , Månson Jan-Anders E. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDesorption processes of low-molecular-weight compounds from the surface of smectites into the gas phase determine a number of processes, e.g. those involved in drug delivery and the release of herbicides. The desorption has not been investigated thoroughly and is not well understood. The present study was undertaken in order to understand better the factors influencing these desorption mechanisms. Starting with a very pure standard (Na+-rich) montmorillonite (Kunipia-F), which was exchanged against cations with different hydration properties (Ca2+, Li+, phenyltrimethylammonium, hexyltrimethyl-ammonium), the experiments explored the rate of desorption of volatiles with different chemical functionalities (water, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and toluene). The desorption was monitored by thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry under isothermal conditions, and by ramping the temperature at a constant rate. The experiments were compared with numerical calculations based on finite-element methods and with analytical models. These data point to a two-step mechanism where the desorption follows the curve of the equilibrium desorption isotherms of those molecules on the montmorillonite. The bulk-like volatiles (i.e. volatiles with release kinetics close to that of the bulk liquids) were desorbed in a first step. With a decrease in the degree of coverage of the volatile on the montmorillonite, the desorption was increasingly dominated by the strength of interaction between the volatile and the interlayer cations of the montmorillonite.
How cognitive typology affects second language acquisition: A study of Japanese and Chinese learners of English
Authors: Spring Ryan , Horie Kaoru 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis study looks at the effect of one's first language type, as proposed by Talmy (2000) and Slobin (2004), on their second language acquisition. Talmy (2000) gives an account of languages as being either verb-framed or satellite-framed based on how path and manner of motion are encoded in motion events. Meanwhile, Slobin (2004) argues for a third language type, which he calls equipollently-framed. This study compares and contrasts the learning curves of equipollently-framed language (Mandarin Chinese) native speakers and verb-framed language (Japanese) native speakers as they learn a satellite-framed language (English). It examines not only the learner's pattern preferences, but also their manner of motion encoding preferences and deictic verb usage to show that there is a clear difference in how the two groups of learners acquire a second language of a different type from their own native language.