bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economie des guerres civiles : la Syrie et le Liban transformés
Authors: Nahas Charbel 
Published: March 2015

Avec le retour des discours guerriers et la multiplication des guerres civiles, une réflexion sur l’économie de guerre est devenue nécessaire, et des guerres civiles en particulier. Quelle rationalité commande le déclenchement et la poursuite des violences inter et intra étatiques ? Dans quelle mesure les effets réels des guerres sont-ils conformes aux objectifs annoncés de leurs protagonistes ? Pour son malheur, l’Orient s’est transformé en un vaste territoire de violence, matérielle et symbolique à la fois. Quelle place reste-t-il pour la raison ?
Grèce : barre à gauche toute ?
Authors: Chiclet Christophe 
Published: March 2015

Le 25 janvier dernier, la gauche de la gauche, appelée « Coalition de la Gauche radicale » a remporté les élections législatives anticipées. Mais n’ayant obtenu la majorité absolue, elle s’est coalisée avec le parti souverainiste ANEL. Dépeint comme le mariage d’un parti d’extrême gauche avec un parti d’extrême droite, il n’en est rien. Il s’agit de deux forces politiques pragmatiques qui ont en commun de vouloir rejeter ce qu’elles estiment être un assujettissement du pays au diktat de la Troïka, composée de la Commission européenne, de la Banque centrale européenne et du Fonds monétaire international. Considérant que celle-ci n’est soumise à aucun contrôle démocratique, ni du parlement européen, ni des Etats souverains, leur combat leur semble juste. L’expérience grecque est suivie à la loupe par le reste de l’Europe.
Sex attribution, gender identity and quality of life in disorders of sex development due to 45,X/46,XY mosaicism: methods for clinical and psychosocial assessment
Authors: Risso Roberta , Einaudi Silvia , Crespi Chiara , Caldarera Angela , Verna Francesca , Merlini Emilio , Lala Roberto 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe choice of sex in newborns with genital ambiguity is challenging. Information concerning the satisfaction of subjects with disorders of sex development from childhood to adulthood is required in order to address sex attribution policies. This study focuses on the methods that enable clinicians to investigate the alignment of phenotypes with gender identity and quality of life in people with disorders of this kind. These methods are presented as tools for studying a cohort of ten subjects with 45,X/46,XY mosaicism examined between 1985 and 2014 in the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin: five children and five young adults, four reared as females and six as males. Clinical outcome was assessed by means of a clinical scoring system considering height, genital appearance, gonads and pubertal development. The Gender Identity Questionnaire for Children and the World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment were adopted. The four male children strongly identified with their assigned sex: male attribution was satisfactory until pubertal age. In young adults the clinical scores ranged between 55–65% for both genders. In the young male, the reduced sexual activity and the poor body image perception strongly affected his quality of life. The clinical scores of the two young female adults (60% for both) were not balanced with their quality of life scores (87.5% and 68.75% respectively): individual traits and social-familial context should be investigated in order to explain these differences. Clinical and psychosocial assessment in people with disorders of sex development is mandatory in order to plan care procedures; a detailed analysis requires adequate tools. Clinical scoring system, Gender Identity Questionnaire for Children and World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment can be used to investigate the alignment of physical phenotype with gender identity and quality of life.
Resident Perceptions of Giving and Receiving Peer-to-Peer Feedback
Authors: de la Cruz Maria Syl D. , Kopec Michael T. , Wimsatt Leslie A. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

Background
Peer feedback is increasingly being used by residency programs to provide an added dimension to the assessment process. Studies show that peer feedback is useful, uniquely informative, and reliable compared to other types of assessments. Potential barriers to implementation include insufficient training/preparation, negative consequences for working relationships, and a perceived lack of benefit.

Objective
We explored the perceptions of residents involved in peer-to-peer feedback, focusing on factors that influence accuracy, usefulness, and application of the information.

Methods
Family medicine residents at the University of Michigan who were piloting an online peer assessment tool completed a brief survey to offer researchers insight into the peer feedback process. Focus groups were conducted to explore residents' perceptions that are most likely to affect giving and receiving peer feedback.

Results
Survey responses were provided by 28 of 30 residents (93%). Responses showed that peer feedback provided useful (89%, 25 of 28) and unique (89%, 24 of 27) information, yet only 59% (16 of 27) reported that it benefited their training. Focus group participants included 21 of 29 eligible residents (72%). Approaches to improve residents' ability to give and accept feedback included preparatory training, clearly defined goals, standardization, fewer and more qualitatively oriented encounters, 1-on-1 delivery, immediacy of timing, and cultivation of a feedback culture.

Conclusions
Residents perceived feedback as important and offered actionable suggestions to enhance accuracy, usefulness, and application of the information shared. The findings can be used to inform residency programs that are interested in creating a meaningful peer feedback process.
Can Tablet Computers Enhance Faculty Teaching?
Authors: Narayan Aditee P. , Whicker Shari A. , Benjamin Robert W. , Hawley Jeffrey , McGann Kathleen A. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

Background
Learner benefits of tablet computer use have been demonstrated, yet there is little evidence regarding faculty tablet use for teaching.

Objective
Our study sought to determine if supplying faculty with tablet computers and peer mentoring provided benefits to learners and faculty beyond that of non–tablet-based teaching modalities.

Methods
We provided faculty with tablet computers and three 2-hour peer-mentoring workshops on tablet-based teaching. Faculty used tablets to teach, in addition to their current, non–tablet-based methods. Presurveys, postsurveys, and monthly faculty surveys assessed feasibility, utilization, and comparisons to current modalities. Learner surveys assessed perceived effectiveness and comparisons to current modalities. All feedback received from open-ended questions was reviewed by the authors and organized into categories.

Results
Of 15 eligible faculty, 14 participated. Each participant attended at least 2 of the 3 workshops, with 10 to 12 participants at each workshop. All participants found the workshops useful, and reported that the new tablet-based teaching modality added value beyond that of current teaching methods. Respondents developed the following tablet-based outputs: presentations, photo galleries, evaluation tools, and online modules. Of the outputs, 60% were used in the ambulatory clinics, 33% in intensive care unit bedside teaching rounds, and 7% in inpatient medical unit bedside teaching rounds. Learners reported that common benefits of tablet computers were: improved access/convenience (41%), improved interactive learning (38%), and improved bedside teaching and patient care (13%). A common barrier faculty identified was inconsistent wireless access (14%), while no barriers were identified by the majority of learners.

Conclusions
Providing faculty with tablet computers and having peer-mentoring workshops to discuss their use was feasible and added value.
Piloting a Structured Practice Audit to Assess ACGME Milestones in Written Handoff Communication in Internal Medicine
Authors: Martin Shannon K. , Farnan Jeanne M. , McConville John F. , Arora Vineet M. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

Background
Written communication skills are integral to patient care handoffs. Residency programs require feasible assessment tools that provide timely formative and summative feedback, ideally linked to the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Milestones.

Objective
We describe the use of 1 such tool—UPDATED—to assess written handoff communication skills in internal medicine interns.

Methods
During 2012–2013, the authors piloted a structured practice audit at 1 academic institution to audit written sign-outs completed by 45 interns, using the UPDATED tool, which scores 7 aspects of sign-out communication linked to milestones. Intern sign-outs were audited by trained faculty members throughout the year. Results were incorporated into intern performance reviews and Clinical Competency Committees.

Results
A total of 136 sign-outs were audited (averaging 3.1 audits per intern). In the first trimester, 14 interns (31%) had satisfactory audit results. Five interns (11%) had critical deficiencies and received immediate feedback, and the remaining 26 (58%) were assigned future audits due to missing audits or unsatisfactory scores. In the second trimester, 21 interns (68%) had satisfactory results, 1 had critical deficiencies, and 9 (29%) required future audits. Nine of the 10 remaining interns in the final trimester had satisfactory audits. Faculty time was estimated at 10 to 15 minutes per sign-out audited.

Conclusions
The UPDATED audit is a milestone-based tool that can be used to assess written sign-out communication skills in internal medicine residency programs. Future work is planned to adapt the tool for use by senior supervisory residents to appraise sign-outs in real time.
Branchial Fistulas—A Rare Entity in Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology: Current Management Protocols and Review of Literature
Authors: Naik Sudhir M , Goutham MK , Bhat Ravishankar S , Appaji Mohan , Chidananda KV , Devi Nongthomban Pinky , Joseph Sherry , Nayak Pooja , Bhat Shankarnarayan 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTBackground/objectivesSurgical managements which form the mainstay of these branchial apparatus anomalies are based on accurate understanding of the embryology and surgical anatomy. The conspicuous scarring in the young which becomes conspicuous as the age advances are reduced by newer approaches, the facelift approach, retroauricular approach and endoscope-assisted neck approach.Case reportA retrospective case series analysis of eight patients with complete fistula managed by the combined trans cervical approach. The recurrence was nil, with good surgical access and minimal scar at the incision site.ConclusionCombined transcervical approach is the conventional procedure of choice for branchial fistulas. While retroauricular hairline incision (RAHI) approach and endo-scopic approaches need expertise and more instrumentation, meticulous cosmetic surgery techniques helps reduces scars of the transcervical approach.How to cite this articleBhat RS, Naik SM, Goutham MK, Bhat S, Appaji M, Chidananda KV, Devi NP, Joseph S, Nayak P. Branchial Fistulas—A Rare Entity in Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology: Current Management Protocols and Review of Literature. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(3):108-111.
Asymptomatic Occipital Area Infarction following Carotid Body Paraganglioma Excision
Authors: Naik Sudhir M , Goutham MK , Rao Vishal , Bhat Ravishankar S , Appaji Mohan , Bhat Shankarnarayan , Hiremat Rudresh , Rangnath Navya 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Background
Vascular complications are seen in 2 to 13% of cases with internal carotid artery (ICA) injuries with or without reconstruction. The hypoglossal and vagus appeared most vulnerable for permanent paralysis due to traction or resection. Mortality with surgical excision of carotid body tumor (CBT) has become negligible with newer vascular surgical techniques and the morbidity has fallen to minimal 2.56%.

Case report
We report a case of 24-year-old female with symptomatic CBT excision with external carotid artery (ECA) ligation. She developed asymptomatic infarction of the occipital lobe. All the cranial nerves were intact with a follow-up uneventful for the past 2 years.

Conclusion
Minimizing complications in CBT surgery include an accurate preoperative imaging assessment of the tumor with comorbidities and evidence-based management.

How to cite this article
Rao V, Naik SM, Goutham MK, Appaji M, Bhat S, Hiremat R, Rangnath N, Bhat RSS. Asymptomatic Occipital Area Infarction following Carotid Body Paraganglioma Excision. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(3):148-151.
Life-threatening Cardiac Failure: A Rare Complication of Branchial Cleft Cyst
Authors: Yam Shi Da Felix , Fung Tak Lit Derek , Tang Lap Chiu Donald 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
Branchial cleft cyst is a well-known head and neck anomaly. Patients commonly presented with cosmetic problems. Complications including pressure symptoms, pain and superimposed infection have been reported. Rarely, it could present with carotid sinus syndrome.

Case report
We reported a case who presented with vasovagal syncope and cardiogenic shock was found to have huge branchial cleft cyst. Carotid sinus syndrome secondary to compression by the branchial cyst was suspected. It was managed with inotropic support and needle decompression. She later readmitted for superimposed infection which was treated by antibiotics. Surgical excision was performed to render her complete cure. This was the second reported case of a benign branchial cleft cyst causing cardiac compromise in the literature.

Conclusion
Benign branchial cleft cyst may present with lifethreatening carotid sinus syndrome. Timely needle decompression should be performed for temporary relieve and definitive surgery is required for cure.

How to cite this article
Yam SDF, Fung TLD, Tang LCD. Life-threatening Cardiac Failure: A Rare Complication of Branchial Cleft Cyst. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(3):158-160.
Management Dilemma in a Challenging Case of Inflammatory Pseudotumor of an Orbitomaxillary Mass: A Review of Literature
Authors: Shah Pratik Dipak , Mukherji Srijon 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo present management dilemma in a challenging case of a benign orbitomaxillary pseudotumor and its importance of inclusion in the differential diagnosis of orbital disorders.SettingPrivate multispecialty hospital in Kolkata, West Bengal.PatientA 36-year-old female patient with 1 year history of orbitomaxillary mass, deviation and protrusion of left eyeball, diplopia and left sided headache.ResultsResection of entire orbitomaxillary mass performed after assessing history, clinical and radiologic presentation of the case. Biopsy report came as mixed inflammatory lesion. Appropriate surgical intervention resulted in a dramatic improvement in patient's clinical condition. At present, patient is disease-free and asymptomatic.ConclusionComplete surgical resection is the treatment of choice for inflammatory orbitomaxillary pseudotumors followed by corticosteroids in case of incomplete resection. Radiation therapy is indicated only in case when corticosteroids or surgical intervention is unsuccessful or contraindicated.How to cite this articleShah PD, Mukherji S. Management Dilemma in a Challenging Case of Inflammatory Pseudotumor of an Orbitomaxillary Mass: A Review of Literature. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2014;6(2):61-64.
Glial Heterotopia of Sphenoid in Association with a Patent Sternberg's Canal presenting with Meningitis
Authors: Ramachandran K , Suma R , Jeena KJ , Pavithran VM , Govindan A 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTEctopic glial tissue, presenting at various sites of body is a rare embryonic developmental anomaly. Very few cases are reported in adults, most being incidentally detected, revealed only by histopathological findings. One of the rarest locations is the sphenoid sinus.We present here the case of a middle aged female, presenting with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea and meningitis. With the radiological finding of a soft tissue density in sphenoid sinus with erosion of left temporal skull base, she underwent lateral craniotomy, with excision of the mass and middle cranial fossa floor repair. Histopathology revealed a heterotopic glial tissue. Peroperative finding of a well-defined defect in the lateral wall of an extensively pneumatized sphenoid showed typical features of a patent Sternberg's canal.This case could be a living proof for the existence of this rare developmental anomaly. A persisting Sternberg's canal should be considered as the source of spontaneous CSF leaks with or without lesions in sphenoid sinuses with extensive lateral pneumatization. Most of the cases may be treated with an extended endoscopic approach. Extreme lateral lesions like this would benefit most from a craniotomy approach for proper closure of skullbase defect. Three years after successful surgery, she remains symptom free.How to cite this articleSuma R, Jeena KJ, Pavithran VM, Govindan A, Ramachandran K. Glial Heterotopia of Sphenoid in Association with a Patent Sternberg's Canal presenting with Meningitis. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2014;6(2):81-83.
Tax rulings in Nederland: much ado about nothing of verboden staatssteun? Het onderzoek naar Starbucks juridisch geduid
Authors: Buelens H. , Jansen P. 
Published: March 2015

Tax rulings in Nederland: much ado about nothing of verboden staatssteun? Het onderzoek naar Starbucks juridisch geduid
Op 11 juni 2014 heeft de Europese Commissie een formeel onderzoek ingesteld naar de door de Nederlandse belastingdienst afgegeven tax ruling aan koffieketen Starbucks. De Commissie heeft ernstige twijfels omtrent de verenigbaarheid van wat werd overeengekomen in deze ruling met de Europese staatssteunregels. De uiteindelijke uitkomst van deze zaak is vanuit het oogpunt van tax planning van een niet te onderschatten belang. Zij zal namelijk iets kunnen zeggen over de beleidsmarge die de Commissie de belastingdienst laat wanneer zij in concrete situaties invulling geeft aan de beginselen voor transfer pricing, zoals neergelegd in de Nederlandse belastingwetgeving en de OESO-regels.Openingsbesluit van de Europese Commissie SA.38374 (2014/C) (Nederland) van 11 juni 2014
Hof van Justitie neemt prijswijzigingsbedingen jegens consumenten onder vuur
Authors: Knops H.P.A. 
Published: March 2015

Hof van Justitie neemt prijswijzigingsbedingen jegens consumenten onder vuur
Bij overeenkomsten voor onbepaalde tijd hanteert de verkoper/dienstverlener vaak een beding dat hem in staat stelt om eenzijdig de voorwaarden of tarieven te wijzigen. Dat brengt de consument in een zwakke positie. In twee recente zaken over leveringsovereenkomsten voor energie (C-92/11, RWE Vertrieb, en C-359/11 en C-400/11, Alexandra Schulz) heeft het Hof van Justitie meer duidelijkheid gegeven over de voorwaarden waaronder een wijzigingsbeding en de prijswijzigingen zelf acceptabel zijn volgens de Europese regels voor consumentenbescherming. Bij (vrije) contracten moet er vooraf duidelijkheid verschaft worden over de criteria voor eventuele prijswijzigingen. Bovendien moeten de wijzigingen zelf vóór inwerkingtreding gemeld worden aan de consument en moet er een daadwerkelijke mogelijkheid zijn om op te zeggen of over te stappen.In dit artikel worden beide arresten besproken en kritisch tegen het licht gehouden.HvJ 21 maart 2013, zaak C-92/11, RWE Vertrieb AG/Verbraucherzentrale Nordrhein-Westfalen e.V., ECLI:EU:C:2013:180, n.n.g. en HvJ 23 oktober 2014, gevoegde zaken C-359/11 en C-400/11, Technische Werke Schussental GmbH und Co KG/Alexandra Schulz en Josef Egbringhoff/Stadtwerke Ahaus GmbH, ECLI:EU:C:2014:2317, n.n.g.
Toerekening van giften door een in de wettelijke gemeenschap van goederen gehuwde schenker
Authors: Maasland J.L.D.J. 
Published: March 2015

Toerekening van giften door een in de wettelijke gemeenschap van goederen gehuwde schenker
Op 21 oktober 2014 heeft het Gerechtshof Arnhem-Leeuwarden een arrest gewezen over de toerekening van giften, die worden gedaan door een schenker die in de wettelijke gemeenschap van goederen is gehuwd. In deze bijdrage bespreekt de auteur het arrest en de implicaties hiervan voor de toerekening van giften in het kader van de legitieme portie en inbreng in de nalatenschap. Ook bespreekt de auteur de fiscale behandeling van giften die worden gedaan door een schenker die in de wettelijke gemeenschap van goederen is gehuwd.
Erfrecht in de onderwereld (deel 1)
Authors: van der Geld L.A.G.M. 
Published: March 2015

Erfrecht in de onderwereld (deel 1)
De auteur vraagt zich naar aanleiding van de recente liquidaties in Amsterdam af wat de gevolgen zijn van een nalatenschap die zich afspeelt in de onderwereld. In twee delen onderzoekt zij de gevolgen van het tot de nalatenschap behoren van goederen die een relatie hebben met een misdrijf. In het eerste deel worden de voor het erfrecht relevante bepalingen uit het strafrecht verkend. Wat moeten de erfgenamen en hun adviseurs doen als zij met zo’n nalatenschap te maken krijgen?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Young Heather , Knepper Bryan , Hernandez Whitney , Shor Asaf , Bruntz Merribeth , Berg Chrystal , Price Connie S. 
Published: March 2015

Background

Pseudomonas aeruginosa has traditionally been considered a common pathogen in diabetic foot infection (DFI), yet the 2012 Infectious Diseases Society of America guideline for DFI states that “empiric therapy directed at P aeruginosa is usually unnecessary.” The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of P aeruginosa isolated from bone or tissue cultures from patients with DFI.

Methods
This study is a cross-sectional survey of diabetic patients presenting with a foot infection to an urban county hospital between July 1, 2012, and December 31, 2013. All of the patients had at least one debridement procedure during which tissue or bone cultures from operative or bedside debridements were obtained. The χ2 test and the t test of means were used to determine relationships between variables and the frequency of P aeruginosa in culture.

Results
The median number of bacteria isolated from DFI was two. Streptococcus spp and Staphylococcus aureus were the most commonly isolated organisms; P aeruginosa was isolated in only five of 112 patients (4.5%). The presence of P aeruginosa was not associated with the patient's age, glycosylated hemoglobin level, tobacco abuse, the presence of osteomyelitis, a prescription for antibiotic drugs in the preceding 3 months, or the type of operative procedure.

Conclusions

Pseudomonas aeruginosa was an infrequent isolate from DFI in this urban, underserved diabetic population. The presence of P aeruginosa was not associated with any measured risk factors. By introducing a clinical practice guideline, we hope to discourage frontline providers from using routine antipseudomonal antibiotic drugs for DFI.