bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bladder and Gastric Metastases from Lung Adenocarcinoma Harboring Codon 13 KRAS Mutation: a Case Report with Unusual Clinical Outcome
Authors: Galetta Domenico , Catino Annamaria , Misino Andrea , De Ceglie Antonella , Logroscino Antonio , Simone Giovanni , Natalicchio Maria Iole 
Published: June 2015

Aims and background Gastric and bladder metastases are rare in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the differential diagnosis with primary tumors requires an in-depth examination. KRAS gene mutations are the main oncogenic driver of lung adenocarcinoma in Caucasian patients, occurring in 25%-30% of cases, but their prognostic and predictive role is complex and not fully clarified. KRAS mutations in lung adenocarcinoma are considered negatively predictive for epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors therapy as well as for adjuvant chemotherapy. In this report, the authors describe a case of lung adenocarcinoma harboring a codon 13 KRAS mutation detected in all the biopsies performed in unusual metastatic sites during an atypical disease course. Conclusions Recently, a different prognostic significance of various KRAS mutations in lung adenocarcinoma has been suggested. Further studies on rare biomolecular alterations to identify subgroups of patients with different prognostic/predictive characteristics are needed.
Film and Music in Laboratory Experiments: Emotion Induction
Authors: Innes-Ker Åse 
Published: June 2015

AbstractEmotion researchers have long used clips from commercial movies to experimentally elicit emotional states. This paper describes how the Niedenthal laboratory selected and tested emotion-eliciting movie clips, and presents data on the clips’ effectiveness. A summary of published databases of emotion-eliciting movies is presented and discussed.
Tidal modulations of mesospheric gravity wave kinetic energy observed with MF radar at Poker Flat Research Range, Alaska
Authors: Kinoshita Takenari , Murayama Yasuhiro , Kawamura Seiji 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe interactions between gravity waves and atmospheric tidal waves have been observationally studied, although the phase relation between them has not been fully understood. In this study, the long‐term wind velocity data observed with the Poker Flat MF radar (65∘N, 147∘W) were analyzed for the period of 1999–2008 to show local time dependence and seasonal climatologies of the 12 h and 24 h components in the mesospheric winds and their modulations of gravity wave kinetic energy. We made climatological 1 day composite plots of the kinetic energy of gravity waves for wave periods of 1–4 h and harmonic components of horizontal wind for each month. The results show that the kinetic energy of gravity waves peaks twice at 3–6 LT and 18–21 LT, which tend to coincide with the transition of the 12 h component of zonal wind from westward to eastward flow. On the other hand, a 2 month case study revealed that the gravity wave kinetic energy and the 12 h components of zonal wind appear to keep their phase difference constant (like a “phase locked”) for more than 10 days. Events of this kind are also found in other years. To examine whether this relation can be explained by interaction between the 12 h component of zonal wind and gravity waves, we applied a gravity wave drag model to the background state defined as the sum of observed monthly mean and harmonic components of zonal wind. It is suggested that the orographic gravity wave drag has a 12 h periodicity and that the time of the drag enhancement changes in time following change in the phase of harmonic components of winds.
Global contraction/expansion and polar lithospheric thinning on Titan from patterns of tectonism
Authors: Cook‐Hallett Casey , Barnes Jason W. , Kattenhorn Simon A. , Hurford Terry , Radebaugh Jani , Stiles Bryan , Beuthe Mikael 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe investigate the underlying physical processes that govern the formation and evolution of Titan's tectonic features. This is done by mapping mountain chains and hills using Cassini RADAR data obtained during Titan flybys T3 to T69. Our mapping of mountain chains and hills reveals a global pattern: east‐west orientations within 30° of the equator and north‐south between 60° latitude and the poles. This result makes Titan one of the few solar system bodies where global processes, rather than regional processes, dominate tectonism. After comparison with five global stress models showing theoretical mountain chain orientations, we suggest that either global contraction coupled with spin‐up or global expansion coupled with despinning could explain our observations if coupled with a lithosphere thinner in Titan's polar regions.
Inability of stratospheric sulfate aerosol injections to preserve the West Antarctic Ice Sheet
Authors: McCusker K. E. , Battisti D. S. , Bitz C. M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractInjection of sulfate aerosols into the stratosphere has the potential to reduce the climate impacts of global warming, including sea level rise (SLR). However, changes in atmospheric and oceanic circulation that can significantly influence the rate of basal melting of Antarctic marine ice shelves and the associated SLR have not previously been considered. Here we use a fully coupled global climate model to investigate whether rapidly increasing stratospheric sulfate aerosol concentrations after a period of global warming could preserve Antarctic ice sheets by cooling subsurface ocean temperatures. We contrast this climate engineering method with an alternative strategy in which all greenhouse gases (GHG) are returned to preindustrial levels. We find that the rapid addition of a stratospheric aerosol layer does not effectively counteract surface and upper level atmospheric circulation changes caused by increasing GHGs, resulting in continued upwelling of warm water in proximity of ice shelves, especially in the vicinity of the already unstable Pine Island Glacier in West Antarctica. By contrast, removal of GHGs restores the circulation, yielding relatively cooler subsurface ocean temperatures to better preserve West Antarctica.
Relation between cusp ion structures and dayside reconnection for four IMF clock angles: OpenGGCM‐LTPT results
Authors: Connor H. K. , Raeder J. , Sibeck D. G. , Trattner K. J. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWhen, where, and which type of reconnection (antiparallel or component) happens on the dayside magnetopause are long‐standing unsolved questions due to insufficient in situ observation of reconnection sites. Previous studies showed that the dispersed ion signatures observed in the magnetospheric cusps depend on the reconnection mechanism, suggesting that cusp ion signatures can be a good tool to investigate the locations and properties of dayside reconnection. We investigate this close relation between cusp signatures and magnetopause reconnection for four different interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) clock angles (CA) using the Open Global Geospace Circulation Model (OpenGGCM) and the Liouville Theorem Particle Tracer(LTPT). OpenGGCM produces dayside reconnection under the resistive MHD theory, and LTPT calculates cusp ion signatures caused by the simulated reconnection. Our model results show that for CA = 0∘, antiparallel reconnection at both the northern and southern lobes causes a reverse dispersion in which ion energies increase with increasing latitude. For CA = 60∘, unsteady antiparallel reconnection at both the northern and southern lobes causes double reverse dispersions. For CA = 120∘, component reconnection near the subsolar point produces a dispersionless signature in the low‐latitude cusp, and antiparallel reconnection on the duskside northern magnetopause produces a normal dispersion in the high‐latitude cusp in which ion energies decrease with increasing latitude. For CA = 180∘, antiparallel reconnection near the subsolar point causes a normal dispersion.
A background correction algorithm for Van Allen Probes MagEIS electron flux measurements
Authors: Claudepierre S. G. , O'Brien T. P. , Blake J. B. , Fennell J. F. , Roeder J. L. , Clemmons J. H. , Looper M. D. , Mazur J. E. , Mulligan T. M. , Spence H. E. , Reeves G. D. , Friedel R. H. W. , Henderson M. G. , Larsen B. A. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe describe an automated computer algorithm designed to remove background contamination from the Van Allen Probes Magnetic Electron Ion Spectrometer (MagEIS) electron flux measurements. We provide a detailed description of the algorithm with illustrative examples from on‐orbit data. We find two primary sources of background contamination in the MagEIS electron data: inner zone protons and bremsstrahlung X‐rays generated by energetic electrons interacting with the spacecraft material. Bremsstrahlung X‐rays primarily produce contamination in the lower energy MagEIS electron channels (∼30–500 keV) and in regions of geospace where multi‐MeV electrons are present. Inner zone protons produce contamination in all MagEIS energy channels at roughly L < 2.5. The background‐corrected MagEIS electron data produce a more accurate measurement of the electron radiation belts, as most earlier measurements suffer from unquantifiable and uncorrectable contamination in this harsh region of the near‐Earth space environment. These background‐corrected data will also be useful for spacecraft engineering purposes, providing ground truth for the near‐Earth electron environment and informing the next generation of spacecraft design models (e.g., AE9).
The ups and downs of the TVZ: Geodetic observations of deformation around the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand
Authors: Hamling I. J. , Hreinsdóttir S. , Fournier N. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe 300 km long Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ) formed as a result of back‐arc rifting associated with subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the Australian Plate, with current extension rates of 8–15 mm yr−1. Using GPS and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data, collected by the European (ESA) and Japanese (JAXA) space agencies, we present ground deformation observations from 2003 to 2011. Both InSAR and vertical GPS data show widespread subsidence across the central TVZ at rates of up to 20 mm yr−1. Using simple elastic dislocation models to represent the contraction of a sill like body at 6 km depth, we predict an annual volume change of 0.011–0.016 km3 beneath the central TVZ. We suggest that the majority of the observed subsidence is a result of the cooling and subsequent contraction of magma within the shallow crust.
Investigating nasal cytology as a potential tool for diagnosing occupational rhinitis in woodworkers
Authors: Staffieri Claudia , Lovato Andrea , Aielli Federica , Bortoletto Martina , Giacomelli Luciano , Carrieri Mariella , Romeo Salvatore , Boscolo‐Rizzo Paolo , Da Mosto Maria Cristina , Bartolucci Giovanni Battista , Marioni Gino , Scapellato Maria Luisa 
Published: June 2015

BackgroundOur primary endpoint was to use nasal cytology to compare woodworkers with unexposed subjects to see if wood dust exposure correlates with specific patterns of inflammatory or infectious rhinitis. A secondary endpoint was to identify any differences in the exposed group's nasal symptoms or nasal cytology by years of exposure or personal exposure levels.MethodsNinety‐two woodworkers and 90 controls were assessed using a questionnaire and nasal cytology (on nasal mucosa obtained by scraping). Wood dust exposure was investigated using personal sampling methods.ResultsWoodworkers reported significantly more nasal symptoms than controls (p < 0.00001). The woodworkers' nasal smears revealed more neutrophils (p = 0.001) and significantly higher mean neutrophil scores (p = 0.001) than control smears. Lymphocytes were also found more often in the woodworkers' rhinocytograms (statistical trend, p = 0.06). Neutrophilic rhinitis was diagnosed more frequently in the exposed workers than in controls (chi‐square = 5.97, p < 0.05). Woodworkers with lymphocytes in their nasal smears had been exposed to wood dust for longer periods of time (statistical trend; p = 0.06). No differences in nasal symptoms or cell counts emerged when woodworkers were stratified by levels of personal exposure.ConclusionNasal cytology should be further investigated in woodworkers before considering it a screening method for identifying woodworkers with chronic inflammatory rhinitis.
Selbstzerlegende Spacer: kinetische Aspekte, Struktur‐Eigenschafts‐Beziehungen und Anwendungen
Authors: Alouane Ahmed , Labruère Raphaël , Le Saux Thomas , Schmidt Frédéric , Jullien Ludovic 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSelbstzerlegende Spacer sind kovalente Anordnungen, deren maßgeschneiderter Aufbau die Spaltung von zwei chemischen Bindungen korreliert, nachdem die geschützte Einheit in einer Vorstufe aktiviert wurde: Durch induzierte Abspaltung der Schutzgruppe wird eine Sequenz aus Abbaureaktionen eingeleitet, die zeitlich aufeinander folgend kleinere Moleküle freisetzt. Ursprünglich zur Lösung von Schwierigkeiten bei der Wirkstoff‐Freisetzung eingeführt, sind selbstzerlegende Spacer in der medizinischen und analytischen Chemie wie auch in den Materialwissenschaften von großem Interesse. Bei den meisten Anwendungen reguliert die Abbaukinetik des aktivierten selbstzerlegenden Spacers die funktionellen Eigenschaften. In diesem Aufsatz wird aus zwei Perspektiven auf die kinetischen Aspekte der Selbstzerlegung eingegangen. Zunächst bietet er für Anwender Informationen zur Anpassung eines bestimmten selbstzerlegenden Strukturmotivs an eine spezielle Anforderung. Des Weiteren soll der Aufsatz in der Entwicklung dazu beitragen, Kinetikversuche zu planen und die vielfältigen Möglichkeiten von selbstzerlegenden Spacern in breitem Umfang zu nutzen.
The Braincase and Endosseous Labyrinth of Plioplatecarpus peckensis (Mosasauridae, Plioplatecarpinae), With Functional Implications for Locomotor Behavior
Authors: Cuthbertson Robin S. , Maddin Hillary C. , Holmes Robert B. , Anderson Jason S. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTAdaptations of mosasaurs to the aquatic realm have been extensively studied from the perspective of modifications to the post‐cranial skeleton. In recent years, imaging techniques such as computed tomography have permitted the acquisition of anatomical data from previously inaccessible sources. An exquisitely preserved specimen of the plioplatecarpine mosasaur Plioplatecarpus peckensis presents an opportunity to examine the detailed structure of the braincase, as well as the form of the otic capsule endocast. These data elaborate upon previous descriptions of the braincase of Plioplatecarpus, and provide a detailed, three dimensional reconstruction of the osseous labyrinth for the first time. The otic capsule endocasts reveal that the size of the labyrinth relative to head size is comparable to that of other squamates, suggesting that labyrinth size was not a factor in increasing sensitivity. However, all three semicircular canals are tall and strongly arced to a degree comparable to, and even exceeding, that observed in arboreal and aquatic lizards. Comparison of the sensitivity of the canals in each of the three major axes of rotation suggests Plioplatecarpus peckensis may have been most sensitive to movements in the pitch axis. Although early mosasaurs were probably anguilliform swimmers, most are thought to have been subcarangiform to thunniform locomotors with a near‐rigid body form and likely decreased maneuverability. The data from the labyrinth presented here add a potential new dimension to this model of locomotion for further consideration, wherein changes in orientation, such as pitch, may have been more common locomotor behaviors than previously thought. Anat Rec, 298:1597–1611, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Novel grafted agar disks for the covalent immobilization of β‐D‐galactosidase
Authors: I. Wahba Marwa , E. Hassan Mohamed 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTNovel grafted agar disks were prepared for the covalent immobilization of β‐D‐galactosidase (β‐gal). The agar disks were activated through reacting with ethylenediamine or different molecular weights of Polyethyleneimine (PEI), followed by glutaraldehyde (GA). The modification of the agar gel and the binding of the enzyme were verified by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and elemental analysis. Moreover, the agar's activation process was optimized, and the amount of immobilized enzyme increased 3.44 folds, from 38.1 to 131.2 U/g gel, during the course of the optimization process. The immobilization of β‐gal onto the activated agar disks caused its optimum temperature to increase from 45°C to 45–55°C. The optimum pH of the enzyme was also shifted towards the acidic side (3.6–4.6) after its immobilization. Additionally, the Michaelis‐Menten constant (Km) increased for the immobilized β‐gal as compared to its free counterpart whereas the maximum reaction rate (Vmax) decreased. The immobilized enzyme was also shown to retain 92.99% of its initial activity after being used for 15 consecutive times. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 103: 675–684, 2015.
Metabolomic analysis of serum from obese adults with hyperlipemia by UHPLC‐Q‐TOF MS/MS
Authors: Wang Yang , Liu Desheng , Li Yue , Guo Lei , Cui Yinghua , Zhang Xin , Li Enyou 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe prevalence of obesity has dramatically increased and poses a major threat to human health. Obesity often accompanies hyperlipemia, which is strongly related to the occurrence and development of obesity‐related chronic diseases. Differences in metabolomic profiling of serum between obese (with hyperlipemia) and normal‐weight men (n = 30 in each group) were investigated using ultrahigh‐pressure liquid chromatography–quadrupole–time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐Q‐TOF MS/MS) and partial least‐squares–discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA). Obese men showed higher levels of weight, body mass index, fat mass, systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglyeride, total cholesterol, insulin, HOMA‐IR and high‐sensitivity CRP. Obese and normal‐weight groups were clearly discriminated from each other on a PLS‐DA score plot and nine major metabolites contributing to the discrimination were assigned, including increased 2‐octenoylcarnitine, eicosadienoic acid, 12‐hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 4‐hydroxyestrone sulfate, lysoPE[18:1(11Z)/0:0], thromboxane B2 and pyridinoline and decreased vitamin D3 glucosiduronate and 9,10‐DHOME. These metabolites were associated with lipid metabolism and obesity‐related diseases, and reflected the metabolic differences between normal and obese men, which may be important for future clinical diagnosis, treatment and assessment of the therapeutic effect on obesity‐related chronic disease. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development and validation of a sensitive liquid chromatographic–tandem mass spectrometric method for the simultaneous analysis of granisetron and 7‐hydroxy granisetron in human plasma and urine samples: application in a clinical pharmacokinetic study in pregnant subject
Authors: Zhao Yang , Chen Hui‐Jun , Caritis Steve , Venkataramanan Raman 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric method for the quantification of granisetron and its major metabolite, 7‐hydroxy granisetron in human plasma and urine samples was developed and validated. Respective stable isotopically labeled granisetron and 7‐hydroxy granisetron were used as internal standards (IS). Chromatography was performed using an Xselect HSS T3 analytical column with a mobile phase of 20% acetonitrile in water (containing 0.2 mM ammonium formate and 0.14% formic acid, pH 4) delivered in an isocratic mode. Tandem mass spectrometry operating in positive electrospray ionization mode with multiple reaction monitoring was used for quantification. The standard curves were linear in the concentration ranges of 0.5–100 ng/mL for granisetron and 0.1–100 ng/mL for 7‐hydroxy granisetron in human plasma samples, and 2–2000 ng/mL for granisetron and 2–1000 ng/mL for 7‐hydroxy granisetron in human urine samples, respectively. The accuracies were >85% and the precision as determined by the coefficient of variations was <10%. No significant matrix effects were observed for granisetron or 7‐hydroxy granisetron in either plasma or urine samples. Granisetron was stable under various storage and experimental conditions. This validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study after intravenous administration of 1 mg granisetron to a pregnant subject. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Immunogenicity of pneumococcal vaccination in a patient with sickle hemoglobinopathy: a case report
Authors: Clay E. Leila Jerome , Burrell Tierra , Belhorn Thomas , Redding‐Lallinger Rupa 
Published: June 2015

Key Clinical MessageDespite decrease in morbidity and mortality from invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), individuals with asplenia remain at risk for IPD compared to the general population. This report describes a young adult with hemoglobin SD and documented splenic autoinfarction with pneumococcal sepsis, meningitis, and pneumonia within seven months of immunization with PPSV‐23.
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in the treatment of emphysematous COPD: a case report
Authors: Shroff Geeta 
Published: June 2015

Key Clinical MessageEmphysema results in narrowing of the small airways due to inhaling of cigarette smoke and other noxious particles. Oxygen therapy, corticosteroids, and bronchodilators increase the risk of pneumonia, arrhythmia, and fractures in long term. Therapy with human embryonic stem cells resulted in improved symptoms of a patient with emphysema.
Catalytic Conversion of Biomass Pyrolysis Vapours over Sodium‐Based Catalyst: A Study on the State of Sodium on the Catalyst
Authors: Nguyen Tang Son , Lefferts Leon , Sai Sankar Gupta Karthick Babu , Seshan Kulathuiyer 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn situ upgrading of biomass pyrolysis vapours over Na2CO3/γ‐Al2O3 catalysts was studied in a laboratory‐scale fixed‐bed reactor at 500 °C. Catalytic oil exhibits a significant improvement over its non‐catalytic counterpart, such as lower oxygen content (12.3 wt % compared to 42.1 wt %), higher energy density (37.0 compared to 19.0 MJ kg−1) and lower acidity. A study using thermogravimetry–mass spectrometry analysis and 23Na and 1H magic‐angle spinning NMR techniques has revealed the formation of a new sodium species in the catalyst, which is responsible for the high catalytic activity. This species is proposed to be formed by the coordination of Na+ ions and the hydroxyl groups on the surface of γ‐Al2O3. Regeneration of the catalyst was performed in air at 600 °C and the regenerated material displays lower activity towards deoxygenation than the fresh catalyst. This deactivation is likely attributed to the change in the active sodium species during regeneration.
ChemInform Abstract: Theoretical Investigations of Novel Zinc Oxide Polytypes and In‐Depth Study of Their Electronic Properties.
Authors: Zagorac D. , Schoen J. C. , Zagorac J. , Jansen M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractPossible stable polytypes of ZnO are predicted using simulated annealing and threshold runs with an empirical potential followed by local minimization on ab initio level.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Properties of the Sodium Molybdate Fluoride Na3MoO4F.
Authors: Zhang Xiangyu , Li Danni , Yang Zhihua , Wu Hongping , Pan Shilie 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSingle crystals of Na3MoO4F are obtained by solid state reaction of NaF, Na2CO3, and MoO3 (corundum crucible, 500 °C, 72 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Coexistence of Monochalocogen and Dichalocogen Ions in BiSe2 and BiS2 Crystals Prepared at High Pressure.
Authors: Yamamoto Ayako , Hashizume Daisuke , Bahramy Mohammad Saeed , Tokura Yoshinori 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSingle crystals of BiSe2 and BiS2 are prepared at 5.5 GPa (700—1100 °C) and characterized by single crystal XRD.