bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dispersion of Synthetic MoS2 Flakes and Their Spontaneous Adsorption on Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Nonoguchi Yoshiyuki , Hata Kenji , Kawai Tsuyoshi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractNoncovalent interactions play a critical, but not yet understood, role in enhancing the thermoelectric properties of carbon nanotube composites. We herein report the dispersion of synthetic MoS2 flakes and their self‐assembly with single‐walled carbon nanotubes via in‐plane and multipoint S–π interactions. The hybridization of MoS2 and carbon nanotubes leads to improved electrical and thermoelectric transport, and resulted in a tenfold enhancement of the thermoelectric figure‐of‐merit of nanotube‐based films. The present technique could contribute to advancing the flexible energy materials that harvest abundant waste heat.
[n]‐Oligourea‐Based Green Sorbents with Enhanced CO2 Sorption Capacity
Authors: Qaroush Abdussalam K. , Castillo‐Molina Dante A. , Troll Carsten , Abu‐Daabes Malyuba A. , Alsyouri Hatem M. , Abu‐Surrah Adnan S. , Rieger Bernhard 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA new series of [n]‐oligoureas ([n]‐OUs, n=4, 7, 10, and 12) green solid sorbents was prepared following a base‐catalyzed, microwave‐assisted oligomerization reaction. The materials were characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and XRD. Decomposition temperatures at 50 % weight loss (Td50) were ca. 350 °C for all oligomers. Urea and urethane functional groups indicated by IR spectroscopy confirmed the formation of the sorbent. The CO2 capturing capacities were determined at 35 °C and 1.0 bar (gravimetric method). Accordingly, [10]‐OU had the highest CO2 sorption capacity among the others (18.90 and 22.70 mg gsorbent−1) at two different activation temperatures (60 or 100 °C, respectively). Chemisorption was the principal mechanism for CO2 capture. Cyclic CO2 sorption/desorption measurements were carried out to test the recyclability of [10]‐OU. Activating the sample at 60 °C, three stable CO2 sorption cycles were achieved after running the first cycle.
Early neural ectodermal genes are activated by siamois and twin during blastula stages
Authors: Klein Steven L. , Moody Sally A. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryBMP signaling distinguishes between neural and non‐neural fates by activating epidermis‐specific transcription and repressing neural‐specific transcription. The neural ectoderm forms after the Organizer secrets antagonists that prevent these BMP‐mediated activities. However, it is not known whether neural genes also are transcriptionally activated. Therefore, we tested the ability of nine Organizer transcription factors to ectopically induce the expression of four neural ectodermal genes in epidermal precursors. We found evidence for two pathways: Foxd4 and Sox11 were only induced by Sia and Twn, whereas Gmnn and Zic2 were induced by Sia, Twn, as well as seven other Organizer transcription factors. The induction of Foxd4, Gmnn and Zic2 by Sia/Twn was both non‐cell autonomous (requiring an intermediate protein) and cell autonomous (direct), whereas the induction of Sox11 required Foxd4 activity. Because direct induction by Sia/Twn could occur endogenously in the dorsal‐equatorial blastula cells that give rise to both the Organizer mesoderm and the neural ectoderm, we knocked down Sia/Twn in those cells. This prevented the blastula expression of Foxd4 and Sox11, demonstrating that Sia/Twn directly activate some neural genes before the separation of the Organizer mesoderm and neural ectoderm lineages. genesis 53:308–320, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Homogeneous Catalysis with AuIII: Insights into the Mechanism of the Alkoxylation of Alkynes
Authors: Wong Zhi Xiang , Lein Matthias 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe mechanism of the AuIII‐catalyzed nucleophilic addition of a small alkanol to an alkyne, which yields a ketal product, has been investigated computationally by using GGA (BP86), hybrid (PBE0) and double‐hybrid (B2‐PLYP‐D3BJ) density functional theory with the large aug‐cc‐pVTZ (aug‐cc‐pVTZ‐PP) basis sets of triple‐ζ quality. The importance of hydrogen‐bonding networks is highlighted in the mechanism. The nucleophilic attacks possess relatively lower activation barriers than the hydrogen migrations, and the rate‐determining step is predicted to be the last hydrogen migration step.
Dynamic Simulation of Oxygen Transport Rates in Highly Ordered Electrodes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Sun S. , Zhang H. , Pan M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractHighly ordered Pt electrode has been recognized as an important technology for reducing Pt usage in fuel cells due to its improved oxygen transport capability. However, ordered Pt electrode can lead to the decrease in roughness of electrode, which in turn makes it unclear whether the improved oxygen transport can offset the decreased roughness of ordered electrode. Herein, we theoretically investigate the oxygen distribution, generated current, and minimum Pt loading of ordered Pt electrode based on kinetic model of oxygen transport. The results reveal that ordered Pt electrodes do not exhibit concentration polarization with the electrode thickness up to 100 μm. For ordered Pt electrode with diameter of nanorod of 60 nm, the limited current density reaches 110.2 A cm−2 that is much higher than that for conventional electrode without considering Ohmic loss and mass transport loss outside electrode. To generate a current of 1.5 A cm−2 at 0.67 V for fuel cell, the minimum Pt loading of cathode in PEMFC reaches 0.029 mg cm−2 assuming that the electrocatalyst nanorods contain 1 nm Pt layer at the outmost surface.
Matrix Material Study for in situ Grown Pt Nanowire Electrocatalyst Layer in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs)
Authors: Su K. , Yao X. , Sui S. , Wei Z. , Zhang J. , Du S. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe cathode electrocatalyst layers were prepared by in situ growing Pt nanowires (Pt‐NWs) in two kinds of matrixes with various Pt loadings for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Commercial carbon powder and 20 wt.% Pt/C electrocatalyst were used as the matrix material for the comparison. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), polarization curves tests, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were carried out to examine the effects of the matrix materials on the Pt‐NW growing and the electrode performance. The optimum Pt‐NW loadings of 0.30 mg cm−2 in the carbon matrix (CM) and 0.20 mg cm−2 for the Pt/C matrix (PM) were obtained. The results indicated that the Pt‐NWs grown in the CM had a better crystalline, longer size length and better catalyst activity than those in the PM. The mechanism of the matrix affection is further discussed in this paper.
Thermal and capillary effects on the caprock mechanical stability at In Salah, Algeria
Authors: Vilarrasa Víctor , Rutqvist Jonny , Rinaldi Antonio Pio 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThermo‐mechanical effects are important in geologic carbon storage because CO2 will generally reach the storage formation colder than the rock, inducing thermal stresses. Capillary functions, i.e., retention and relative permeability curves, control the CO2 plume shape, which may affect overpressure and thus, caprock stability. To analyze these thermal and capillary effects, we numerically solve non‐isothermal injection of CO2 in deformable porous media considering the In Salah, Algeria, CO2 storage site. We find that changes in the capillary functions have a negligible effect on overpressure and thus, caprock stability is not affected by capillary effects. However, we show that for the strike slip stress regime prevalent at In Salah, stability decreases in the lowest parts of the caprock during injection due to cooling‐induced thermal stresses. Simulations show that shear slip along pre‐existing fractures may take place in the cooled region, whereas tensile failure is less likely to occur. Indeed, only the injection zone and the lowest tens of meters of the 900‐m‐thick caprock at In Salah might be affected by cooling effects, which would thus not jeopardize the overall sealing capacity of the caprock. Furthermore, faults are likely to remain stable far away from the injection well because outside the cooled region the injection‐induced stress changes are not sufficient to exceed the anticipated shear strength of minor faults. Nevertheless, we recommend that thermal effects should be considered in the site characterization and injection design of future CO2 injection sites to assess caprock stability and guarantee a permanent CO2 storage.
Human papillomavirus status and gene expression profiles of oropharyngeal and oral cancers from European American and African American patients
Authors: Tomar Swati , Graves Christian A. , Altomare Diego , Kowli Sangeeta , Kassler Susannah , Sutkowski Natalie , Gillespie M. Boyd , Creek Kim E. , Pirisi Lucia 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundDisparities in prevalence, human papillomavirus (HPV) status, and mortality rates for head and neck cancer have been described between African American and European American patients.MethodsWe studied the HPV status and gene expression profiles in 56 oropharyngeal/oral cavity tumors and 9 normal tissue samples from European American and African American patients treated in South Carolina between 2010 and 2012.ResultsOverall, 59% of tumors were HPV DNA‐positive, but only 48% of those expressed E7 mRNA (HPV‐active). The prevalence of HPV‐active tumors was 10% in African American patients and 39% in European American patients. Tumors positive for HPV DNA but negative for HPV mRNA exhibited gene expression profiles distinct from those of both HPV‐active and HPV‐negative cancers, suggesting that HPV DNA‐positive/RNA‐negative tumors may constitute a unique group.ConclusionThis study provides a direct assessment of differential expression patterns in HPV‐related oropharyngeal cancer arising from African American and European American patients, for which there is a paucity of data. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 00: 000–000, 2015
Clinical outcomes in elderly patients with human papillomavirus–positive squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx treated with definitive chemoradiation therapy
Authors: Hanasoge Sheela , Magliocca Kelly R. , Switchenko Jeffrey M. , Saba Nabil F. , Wadsworth J. Trad , El‐Deiry Mark W. , Shin Dong M. , Khuri Fadlo , Beitler Jonathan J. , Higgins Kristin A. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe benefit of combined chemoradiation in elderly patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)‐positive locally advanced oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) must be balanced with the potential for higher toxicity rates. We performed a retrospective review of our institutional experience.MethodsPatients 70 years or older with p16‐positive oropharyngeal SCC treated with definitive chemoradiation from 2005 to 2013 were evaluated. Overall survival (OS), disease‐free survival (DFS), and locoregional failure–free survival were calculated.ResultsTwenty‐one eligible patients had a follow‐up of 22.4 months. Estimated 5‐year OS, DFS, and locoregional failure–free survival were 76.0%, 40%, and 95%, respectively. There was 1 death from acute toxicity, and 50% had unplanned hospitalizations. Sixty percent had late toxicity, and 6‐month feeding tube dependence was 25%.ConclusionElderly patients with HPV‐positive locally advanced SCC of the oropharynx treated with definitive chemoradiation had good OS but high rates of acute and long‐term toxicity. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 846–851, 2015
Past and future impact of next‐generation sequencing in head and neck cancer
Authors: Sethi Neeraj , MacLennan Kenneth , Wood Henry M. , Rabbitts Pamela 
Published: April 2015

AbstractProgress in sequencing technology is intrinsically linked to progress in understanding cancer genomics. The purpose of this review was to discuss the development from Sanger sequencing to next‐generation sequencing (NGS) technology. We highlight the technical considerations for understanding reports using NGS. We discuss the findings of studies in head and neck cancer using NGS as well as The Cancer Genome Atlas. Finally we discuss future routes for research utilizing this methodology and the potential impact of this. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E2395–E2402, 2016
Pediatric odontogenic fibromyxoma of the mandible: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Haser Grace C. , Su Henry K. , Hernandez–Prera Juan C. , Khorsandi Azita S. , Wang Beverly Y. , Urken Mark L. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundOdontogenic fibromyxoma is an uncommon benign tumor arising from the maxillofacial bones. Fibromyxomas are rare in children under 10 years of age. Although this tumor is reported most frequently in the mandible for the general population, it has rarely been reported in the mandible in children <10 years of age.MethodsWe reviewed the 39 reported cases of odontogenic fibromyxoma in children under the age of 10. We add 1 case to the literature.ResultsThis case represents the seventh case of odontogenic fibromyxoma of the mandible in a child under the age of 10 years reported in the English literature.ConclusionA case of pediatric odontogenic fibromyxoma in the mandible is described. Although rare in the pediatric population, odontogenic fibromyxomas should be included as a differential diagnostic consideration when evaluating tumors of the maxillofacial skeleton. Accurate pathologic diagnosis is critical to ensure proper management. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E25–E28, 2016
Endoscope‐assisted transoral accessory parotid mass excision
Authors: Woo Seung Hoon 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundAccessory parotid gland tissue is salivary tissue adjacent to Stensen's duct that is distinctly separate from the main body of the parotid gland. Surgical removal of an accessory parotid mass is usually accomplished through an external neck incision. However, this procedure inevitably results in a neck scar.MethodsWe report the case of a 55‐year‐old man with an accessory parotid mass. We applied a modified approach to accessory parotid mass removal through the mouth with an endoscope system.ResultsThe patient, who was diagnosed with a benign pleomorphic adenoma, underwent endoscope‐assisted transoral accessory parotid mass excision. The follow‐up time was 6 months. The patient experienced no serious postoperative complications or recurrence.ConclusionResection of an accessory parotid mass can be performed via an endoscope‐assisted transoral approach. In this study, we describe the procedure of the endoscope‐assisted transoral resection. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E7–E12, 2016
Models to predict changes in annual runoff with thinning and clearcutting of Japanese cedar and cypress plantations in Japan
Authors: Komatsu Hikaru , Shinohara Yoshinori , Otsuki Kyoichi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractForest management (thinning and clearcutting) can reduce evapotranspiration and increase catchment runoff. By summarizing data on the increase in annual runoff (ΔQ) due to forest management at various sites and analysing data using linear regression, traditional studies have reported large unexplained variability among data for different sites. To improve the predictability of ΔQ, it might be useful to model ΔQ for specific species and regions while considering underlying processes. This study performed such modelling for Japanese cedar and cypress plantations in Japan. Model 1 predicts ΔQ assuming that ΔQ equals the decrease in canopy interception loss (ΔEi), which was further modelled by stem density using 46 data for interception loss. Model 2 predicts the potential maximum of ΔQ (ΔQmax) assuming that ΔQmax equals the sum of ΔEi and the decrease in canopy transpiration (ΔEt). Here, ΔEt was calculated using a model developed in our previous study. ΔQ predicted using Model 1 approximated ΔQ observed for seven catchments, and the errors in prediction were less than those derived from traditional linear‐regression analysis. ΔQmax predicted using Model 2 was greater than the observed ΔQ for all catchments. Thus, Models 1 and 2 would be respectively useful in assessing the effectiveness and limitations of managing Japanese cedar and cypress plantations to secure water resources, which have been controversial in Japan. Furthermore, the concept of the models gives implications for studies on other species and regions, because the models have demonstrated how to improve predictability of ΔQ considering underlying processes with the input of commonly available data. © 2015 The Authors. Hydrological Processes published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Distance and Political Boundaries: Estimating Border Effects under Inequality Constraints
Authors: Borraz Fernando , Cavallo Alberto , Rigobon Roberto , Zipitria Leandro 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe ‘border effects’ literature finds that political boundaries have a large impact on relative prices across locations. In this paper, we show that the standard empirical specification suffers from selection bias and propose a new methodology based on binned‐quantile regressions. We use a novel micro‐price dataset from Uruguay and focus on city borders. We find that, when the standard methodology is used, two supermarkets separated by 10 km across two different cities have the same price dispersion as two supermarkets separated by 30 km within the same city, implying that crossing a city border is equivalent to tripling the distance. By contrast, when upper quantiles are used the city border effect disappears. These findings imply that transport cost have been systematically underestimated by the previous literature. Our methodology can be applied to measure any kind of border effect. We illustrate this in the context of online–offline price dispersion to measure an ‘online‐border’ effect in the city of Montevideo. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fe3O4@SiO2‐imid‐PMAn Magnetic Porous Nanosphere as Reusable Catalyst for Synthesis of Polysubstituted Quinolines under Solvent‐free Conditions
Authors: Esmaeilpour Mohsen , Javidi Jaber 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn this research, a facile one‐pot synthesis of poly‐substituted quinoline derivatives has been demonstrated by using 2‐aminobenzophenones and ethylacetoacetate or ketones in the presence of Fe3O4@SiO2‐imid‐PMAn and Fe3O4@SiO2‐imid‐PMAb nanoparticles as green and reusable catalysts under solvent‐free conditions. The reaction proceeds efficiently in excellent yields and in a state of excellent purity. The nanocatalysts can be recycled and reused for at least four times without noticeably decreasing in catalytic activity.
Properties of a 2,3‐Butanediol Dehydrogenase from Taiwanofungus camphorata
Authors: Ken Chuian‐Fu , Tsai Wei‐Wei , Wen Lisa , Sheu Dey‐Chyi , Lin Chi‐Tsai 
Published: April 2015

Abstract2,3‐Butanediol dehydrogenase (Bdh) plays important roles in reduction of acetoin to 2,3‐butanediol, an important platform chemical with many industrial applications. Here, a TcBdh cDNA (1348 bp, GenBank accession JF896462) encoding a putative Bdh was cloned from Taiwanofungus camphorata. The deduced amino acid sequence is similar to the Bdhs from other species. A 3‐D structural model of TcBdh has been constructed based on the known structure of Pseudomonas putida formaldehyde dehydrogenase (PpFdh, PDB code 1KOL). To characterize the TcBdh protein, the coding region was subcloned into an expression vector pYEX‐S1 and transformed into Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The recombinant His6‐tagged TcBdh was expressed and purified by Ni2+‐nitrilotriacetic acid Sepharose. The purified enzyme showed a single band of 49 kDa on 12% sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The Michaelis constant (KM) value of the recombinant enzyme for acetoin was 8.5 mM. The enzyme’s optical pH was 6. The thermal inactivation of the enzyme showed a half‐life of 5.3 min at 45 °C.
Toward sustainable dairy waste utilization: enhanced VFA and biogas synthesis via upcycling algal biomass cultured on waste effluent
Authors: Smith Simon A , Hughes Eric , Coats Erik R , Brinkman Cynthia K , McDonald Armando G , Harper Jeric R , Feris Kevin , Newby Deborah 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn 2012, 9.3 million head of dairy cows in the USA produced an estimated 20 million metric tons of manure solids, but little value was gained from this manure. There is a pressing need to enhance manure resource recovery efforts, as dairy manure has potentially significant environmental impacts. This study evaluated components of an integrated suite of biological processes designed to maximize resource recovery from dairy manure, in which algae grown on polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production effluent (PHA‐algae) were fermented and anaerobically digested to determine process impacts.RESULTSA 10% PHA‐algae supplement produced 11% more volatile fatty acids (VFA) during fermentation and 11% more methane during anaerobic digestion (AD) (vs. dairy manure); the PHA‐algae biogas also contained a higher percentage (62.7 vs. 59.1%) of methane than manure biogas. Algal augmentation exhibited no negative effect on fermenter or AD operation. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that the ADs contained substantial populations of both acetoclastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogens, which, given the heterogeneous substrate, enhanced process stability. There were significant differences between PHA‐algae batches, and large quantities of COD were released during algae freezing.CONCLUSIONPHA‐algae yielded more VFA during fermentation, and a more methane‐rich biogas following AD than dairy manure. A 10% PHA‐algae supplement caused no process disturbance in normal manure flora. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Data Formats for Elementary Gas Phase Kinetics, Part 3: Reaction Classification
Authors: Burgess Donald R. , Manion Jeffrey A. , Hayes Carrigan J. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTA method denoted InChI‐ER has been developed to describe and identify elementary reactions in a standard computer‐readable notation by extending the IUPAC International Chemical Identifier (InChI) formalism. Five additional hierarchical InChI‐ER layers were developed: Reaction Formula [/v], Reaction Connectivity [/r], Transition State Connectivity [/z], Reaction Class [/k], and Chemical Sites [/w]. These layers, which were developed in a conceptually similar and extensible manner to basic InChI layers, are optional and do not interfere with existing InChI specifications. All five of the layers were described in the preceding article of this series, “Data Formats for Elementary Gas Phase Kinetics, Part 2: Unique Representations of Reactions.” In this work, we provide a more detailed description of the Reaction Class and Chemical Sites layers in the context of reaction classification, giving significantly more extensive examples and discussion. We also provide an illustrated example of the application of the layers, pertaining to reactions in a large hydrocarbon combustion mechanism; the full mechanism is included in the supplementary information of this work.