bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a cognitive behavioural group therapy (CBGT) for social anxiety disorder: immediate and long-term benefits
Authors: McCarthy Odhran , Hevey David , Brogan Amy , Kelly Brendan D. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThis study examines the effectiveness of a group CBT (CBGT) intervention in reducing a variety of symptoms and problem areas associated with social anxiety disorder. A longitudinal cohort design assessed changes in standardized psychological scales assessing general mood and specific aspects of social anxiety. Questionnaires were completed pre-programme (time 1, n = 252), post-programme (time 2, n = 202), and at 12 months follow-up (time 3, n = 93). A consistent significant pattern was found for all variables: pre-intervention scores were significantly higher than both post-intervention scores and 12-month follow-up scores. Large effect sizes were found and rates of clinical significant changes varied, with over half of the participants recording clinically significant changes in general mood. Individual CBT can be translated successfully into a group format for social anxiety. Given the high completion rate, the intervention is acceptable to participants, feasible, and effective in a routine clinical service.
Israeli Attitudes on Synagogue and State
Authors: Blackstone Bethany , Matsubayashi Tetsuya , Oldmixon Elizabeth A. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThis article investigates the attitudes of Israeli Jews on the proper relationship between religion and the state, using data from the 2009 Israeli National Election Study. Specifically we test whether association with the secular or religious communities structures mass attitudes on this important dimension of Israeli politics. Mass level disagreement in this area dates back to the pre-state period and represents a longstanding cleavage in Zionist thought and Israeli politics. We find that mass attitudes toward religion and public life are associated with religious observance and identification with religious parties and social groups.
The effects of topical Arnica on performance, pain and muscle damage after intense eccentric exercise
Authors: Pumpa Kate L. , Fallon Kieran E. , Bensoussan Alan , Papalia Shona 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine if topical Arnica is effective in reducing pain, indicators of inflammation and muscle damage, and in turn improve performance in well‐trained males experiencing delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Twenty well‐trained males matched by maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2 Max) completed a double‐blind, randomised placebo‐controlled trial. Topical Arnica was applied to the skin superficial to the quadriceps and gastrocnemius muscles immediately after a downhill running protocol designed to induce DOMS. Topical Arnica was reapplied every 4 waking hours for the duration of the study. Performance measures (peak torque, countermovement and squat jump), pain assessments (visual analogue scale (VAS) and muscle tenderness) and blood analysis (interleukin‐1 beta, interleukin‐6, tumour necrosis factor‐alpha, C‐reactive protein, myoglobin and creatine kinase) were assessed at seven time points over five days (pre‐, post‐, 4, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after the downhill run). Participants in the topical Arnica group reported less pain as assessed through muscle tenderness and VAS 72 hours post‐exercise. The application of topical Arnica did not affect any performance assessments or markers of muscle damage or inflammation. Topical Arnica used immediately after intense eccentric exercise and for the following 96 hours did not have an effect on performance or blood markers. It did however demonstrate the possibility of providing pain relief three days post‐eccentric exercise.
Causal relationships between table game players' perceptions of service quality, perceived winning, and game spending
Authors: Mi Jeon Sang , Magnini Vincent P. , Kim Insin , Sean Hyun Sunghyup 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to examine the roles of five drivers of service quality (tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy) and perceived winning in the gaming behavior of table game players; and second, to test the moderating effects of table game players' demographic and situational factors (gender, education level, parenting status, and proximity to a casino).Design/methodology/approachA review of the current literature in the above‐mentioned areas revealed 13 theoretical hypotheses, from which the authors derived a structural model. The model was tested utilizing data collected from 383 US casino patrons that primarily played table games during visits to casinos. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were utilized to test the proposed theoretical relationships.FindingsThe results indicate that various dimensions of perceived service quality (including tangibles, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy) in casinos, as well as casino patrons' perceived winning have considerable influence on their satisfaction. Brand affect and game spending were found to be influenced by the patron satisfaction with table games. The relationship between perceived empathy and table game satisfaction was stronger for females than for males; the relationship between perceived winning and table game satisfaction was stronger for those with lower levels of formal education; and the relationship between table game satisfaction and game spending was stronger for table game players without children and for those residing near a casino.Originality/valueThis study provides an empirical analysis of the effects of perceived service quality at table games and perceived winning on table game players' satisfaction, brand affect, and game spending. The results of this study may be utilized to aid casino operators to better tailor their marketing efforts and improve returns on investments.
The influences of collectivism in hospitality work settings
Authors: Magnini Vincent P. , Hyun Sunghyup (Sean) , Kim BeomCheol (Peter) , Uysal Muzaffer 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to test whether a hospitality worker's degree of individualism/collectivism influences his/her organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), comfort with empowerment, and leader‐member exchange (LMX) in the workplace.Design/methodology/approachHypotheses were tested through the use of a sentence completion experiment conducted on American and Korean hotel workers. To increase generalizability, results were then replicated through the use of an identical sentence completion experiment conducted on American and Korean restaurant workers.FindingsThis research first confirms the notion that hospitality workers in a collective nation are more apt to possess a collective mindset in their work environments than those in an individualistic nation. Moreover, this research finds that hospitality workers in a collective nation demonstrate more OCB, possess lower comfort levels with empowerment, and possess higher levels of LMX than hospitality workers in an individualistic nation.Research limitations/implicationsIt would prove informative for future research to test these relationships in other contexts and settings.Practical implicationsThese findings demonstrate the need to consider country culture when interpreting and managing OCB, employee empowerment, and LMX tendencies in hospitality settings.Originality/valueResearch that examines the influences of individualism/collectivism on OCB, comfort with empowerment, and LMX is scarce.
Pharmaceutical advertising practitioners' approach to trust and emotion
Authors: Ball Jennifer , Mackert Michael 
Published: August 2013

PurposeStudies of direct‐to‐consumer pharmaceutical advertising (DTCA) have examined the views of consumers and healthcare providers but the perspective of pharmaceutical advertisers has been largely absent. This study sought to fill that gap by exploring the perspectives of advertising professionals working on pharmaceutical brands.Design/methodology/approachInterviews were conducted among 22 advertising professionals regarding the use of emotion in DTCA and considerations about consumer distrust and ad credibility.FindingsResults suggest emotion is used to gain attention, increase involvement, and enhance information processing. Consumer trust of pharmaceutical companies was recognized as an issue, and various thoughts were provided on trust‐building strategies. However, several respondents expressed doubt that negative opinions of the industry translated into negative evaluations of the specific ads or brands with which consumers were familiar.Research limitations/implicationsBased on participants' assertions, this paper poses a number of specific avenues for future research regarding the effects of emotion on response to DTCA and consumers' conflicting sense of trust within the pharmaceutical category.Originality/valueWhile scholars examining the design and effects of DTCA have inferred the motivations of pharmaceutical advertisers, this study provides insight on practitioners' actual intentions behind the messages created for DTCA.
The quest for the PhD: a better metaphor for doctoral education
Authors: McCulloch Alistair 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe paper seeks to propose the adoption of an alternative metaphor to that of the “journey”, currently the most pervasive characterisation for the student's experience of doctoral education.Design/methodology/approachThe paper adopts a conceptual and rhetorical approach.FindingsThe paper offers a critique of the journey metaphor as a characterisation of the student's doctoral experience and proposes instead the metaphor of the Quest, a cultural and literary form found in most societies. It argues that the six elements of the Quest identified by W.H. Auden resonate with the contemporary doctoral experience and emphasise the uncertainty involved in research rather than the linearity implied by the journey metaphor.Social implicationsThe paper argues that the quest metaphor offers a cross‐cultural basis for both staff and student development activities through which sense can be made of the research experience, student concerns can be surfaced, and potentially difficult issues raised for discussion in an unthreatening way.Originality/valueThe paper is the first to apply the quest as a metaphor for the student's doctoral experience and offers a new way of interrogating that experience which will be of use to those involved in supporting research students.
Preparation of urea formaldehyde resin/layered silicate nanocomposites
Authors: Ateş Esin , Uyanık Nurseli , Kızılcan Nilgün 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of the research was as follows. In situ modified urea formaldehyde resins were prepared from clay (montmorillonite) and organoclay in the presence of base catalyst. Different clay contents (1 wt%, 3 wt%, 6 wt%) were used to produce clay modified nanocomposite resins. These nanocomposites were characterized with FT‐IR, XRD as structural analysis and DSC as thermal analysis and their hardness was evaluated as mechanical analysis. The thermal results was compatible with hardness measurements and showed that using clay/organoclay added resin as a surface coating material provides significant improvement.Design/methodology/approachDuring synthesis of the resin, modification was carried out using urea/formaldehyde with molar ratio of 1/1.6, under basic medium with pH=10 and with temperature of 70°C by loading pristine and organomodified layered silicates.FindingsX‐ray diffraction (XRD) results indicate that the interlayer space of pristine clay was increased significantly by one step, seeing that one step processes are crucial for industrial applications.Research limitations/implicationsThe reaction mixture must be stirred continuously. Temperature should be controlled in order to prevent the thermal curing of urea formaldehyde resin.Practical implicationsThis study provides technical information for the synthesis of nanocomposite resins. The clay or organoclay modified resins may also promote the adhesive strength of coating and also inhibit corrosion effects to metal surfaces of the coated area.Social implicationsThis resin will be used for the coating material.Originality/valueAs Tg‐Tm region of some nanocomposites is enhanced, and by assessing the results of hardness measurements, it is concluded that these samples have further improved mechanical properties as a coating material than urea formaldehyde resin has.
Antifungal activity of aluminium‐containing salts against the development of carrot cavity spot and potato dry rot
Authors: Kolaei E.A. , Cenatus C. , Tweddell R.J. , Avis T.J. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAs an alternative to the use of synthetic chemical fungicides to control plant disease, aluminium‐containing salts were evaluated for their effects on the mycelial growth of various fungal or fungus‐like pathogens and their ability to control carrot cavity spot (Pythium sulcatum) and potato dry rot (Fusarium sambucinum). Results showed that various aluminium‐containing salts provided strong inhibition of all the tested pathogens (Alternaria solani, Botrytis cinerea, F. sambucinum, P. sulcatum and Rhizopus stolonifer) with minimal inhibitory concentration of 1–10 mM. Aluminium chloride and aluminium sulphate were generally the most effective, inhibiting mycelial growth of pathogens by as much as 47% and 100%, respectively, at a salt concentration of 1 mM. Applied at 5 mM, aluminium sulphate also provided 28% and 100% inhibition of dry rot and cavity spot, respectively. Aluminium chloride (5 mM) reduced dry rot by 25% whereas aluminium lactate (5 mM) decreased cavity spot lesions by 86%. These results indicate that various aluminium‐containing salts may provide an alternative to the use of synthetic fungicides to control these pathogens.
Characterization and pathogenicity of Fusarium proliferatum causing stem rot of Hylocereus polyrhizus in Malaysia
Authors: Masratul Hawa M. , Salleh B. , Latiffah Z. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractDuring a series of sampling in 2008 and 2009, stem rot disease was detected in Hylocereus polyrhizus plantations in Malaysia, with symptom appeared as circular, brown sunken lesion with orange sporodochia and white mycelium formation on the lesion surface. Eighty‐three isolates of Fusarium were isolated from 20 plantations and were morphologically identified as F. proliferatum based on the variability of colony appearance, pigmentation, growth rate, length of chains, production of bluish sclerotia, concentric ring aerial mycelium and sporodochia. Three species‐specific primers, namely ITS1/proITS‐R, PRO1/2 and Fp3‐F/4‐R successfully produced PCR products and confirmed that the isolates from stem rot of H. polyrhizus were F. proliferatum isolates. From BLAST search of translation elongation factor 1‐alpha (TEF1‐α) sequences, the isolates showed 99–100% similarity with F. proliferatum deposited in GenBank which further confirmed that the isolates were F. proliferatum. The results from amplification of MAT‐allele specific primers indicated that 14.5% of F. proliferatum isolates carried MAT‐1 allele and 85.5% carried MAT‐2. Crossing results showed that all 83 F. proliferatum isolates were male fertile showing positive crosses with the tester strains of MATD‐1 and MATD‐2. Perithecia oozing ascospore were produced. Forty isolates as representative were evaluated for pathogenicity test, produced rot symptoms similar to those observed in the fields which confirmed the isolates as the causal agent of stem rot of H. polyrhizus. To our knowledge, this is the first report of stem rot of H. polyrhizus caused by F. proliferatum in Malaysia.
Stock Returns, Housing Returns and Inflation: Is There an Inflation Illusion?
Authors: Hong Gwangheon , Khil Jaeuk , Lee Bong‐Soo 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe inflation illusion hypothesis of Modigliani and Cohn () has received renewed attention in explaining a negative relation not only between stock returns and inflation but also between housing returns and inflation. We reexamine the empirical relation in general and the validity of the inflation illusion hypothesis in particular using data from the US, the UK and Korea. We find three key results. (1) The negative relation is particularly strong in recession periods, indicating that the relation is sensitive to business cycles. (2) There are two regimes with positive and negative asset returns and inflation relations for all three countries, and the two‐regime relation is found not only for the stock return–inflation relation but also for the housing return–inflation relation. This finding is at odds with the inflation illusion hypothesis because the hypothesis anticipates only a negative relation for both positive inflation and negative inflation. (3) Housing returns Granger‐cause inflation, and their dynamic net effect on inflation is significantly positive for all three countries. This is at odds with the inflation illusion hypothesis, which anticipates inflation being related to negative returns. Overall, we find limited evidence for the inflation illusion hypothesis. If there is inflation illusion, only a small fraction of investors suffer from it.
Evaluating gene expression profiling by quantitative polymerase chain reaction to develop a clinically feasible test for outcome prediction in multiple myeloma
Authors: Sarasquete María E. , Martínez‐López Joaquín , Chillón María C. , Alcoceba Miguel , Corchete Luis A. , Paiva Bruno , Puig Noemi , Sebastián Elena , Jiménez Cristina , Mateos Maria‐Victoria , Oriol Albert , Rosiñol Laura , Palomera Luis , Teruel Ana I. , González Yolanda , Lahuerta Juan J. , Bladé Joan , Gutiérrez Norma C. , Fernández‐Redondo Elena , González Marcos , San Miguel Jesús F. , García‐Sanz Ramón 
Published: August 2013

SummaryThe gene expression profiles (GEPs) of 96 selected genes were analysed by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) with a TaqMan low‐density array card in isolated tumour plasma cells (PCs) from 157 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients. This qPCR‐based GEP correctly classified cases following the Translocation‐cyclin D classification. Classic prognostic parameters and qPCR‐based GEP predicted MM patient outcome and, although multivariate analyses revealed that cytogenetic risk (standard vs. high risk) was the variable that most strongly predicted prognosis, GEP added significant information for risk stratification. Considering only the standard risk cytogenetic patients, multivariate analyses revealed that high β2‐microglobulin, low CDKN1A and high SLC19A1 gene expression levels independently predicted a short time‐to‐progression (TTP), while high International Staging System stage, low CDKN2B and high TBRG4 gene expression predicted poor overall survival (OS). A gene expression risk score enabled the division of standard risk patients into two groups with different TTPs (83% vs. 38% at 3 years, P < 0·0001) and OS rates (88% vs. 61% at 5 years; P = 0·003). This study demonstrates that quantitative PCR is a robust, accurate and feasible technique for implementing in the daily routine as a surrogate for GEP‐arrays.
The future in clinical genetics: affective forecasting biases in patient and clinician decision making
Authors: Peters S.A. , Laham S.M. , Pachter N. , Winship I.M. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWhen clinicians facilitate and patients make decisions about predictive genetic testing, they often base their choices on the predicted emotional consequences of positive and negative test results. Research from psychology and decision making suggests that such predictions may often be biased. Work on affective forecasting—predicting one's future emotional states—shows that people tend to overestimate the impact of (especially negative) emotional events on their well‐being; a phenomenon termed the impact bias. In this article, we review the causes and consequences of the impact bias in medical decision making, with a focus on applying such findings to predictive testing in clinical genetics. We also recommend strategies for reducing the impact bias and consider the ethical and practical implications of doing so.
Occupational allergic contact dermatitis diagnosed by a systematic stepwise exposure assessment of allergens in the work environment
Authors: Friis Ulrik F. , Menné Torkil , Flyvholm Mari‐Ann , Bonde Jens Peter E. , Johansen Jeanne D. 
Published: August 2013

SummaryBackgroundInformation on the presence of contact allergens and irritants is crucial for the diagnosis of occupational contact dermatitis. Ingredient lists and Material Safety DataSheets (MSDSs) may be incomplete.ObjectivesTo evaluate the workability of a systematic exposure assessment in consecutive patients with suspected occupational contact dermatitis, and to study how it could potentially aid correct diagnostic classification.MethodsA tool for systematic stepwise assessment of exposures in the work environment was developed, consisting of six steps spanning medical history and workplace visits. The programme included 228 consecutive patients diagnosed with occupational contact dermatitis; all patients underwent a clinical examination, the stepwise exposure assessment, and extensive patch and prick testing.ResultsOf the participants, 48.2% were classified as having occupational allergic contact dermatitis. The diagnosis was made at the stepwise exposure assessment for 50.0% of patients at Step 1 (medical history) and for 34.5% at Step 2 (ingredient labelling/MSDS). We found 132 different occupational allergens of relevance to the patients' eczema, of these, 78.0% were allergens not included in the European baseline series.ConclusionsSystematic stepwise exposure assessment provides information that results in the identification of occupational allergies caused by allergens not included in the European baseline series in a substantial number of patients.
What causes alopecia areata?
Authors: McElwee K. J. , Gilhar A. , Tobin D. J. , Ramot Y. , Sundberg J. P. , Nakamura M. , Bertolini M. , Inui S. , Tokura Y. , King L. E. , Duque‐Estrada B. , Tosti A. , Keren A. , Itami S. , Shoenfeld Y. , Zlotogorski A. , Paus R. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe pathobiology of alopecia areata (AA), one of the most frequent autoimmune diseases and a major unsolved clinical problem, has intrigued dermatologists, hair biologists and immunologists for decades. Simultaneously, both affected patients and the physicians who take care of them are increasingly frustrated that there is still no fully satisfactory treatment. Much of this frustration results from the fact that the pathobiology of AA remains unclear, and no single AA pathogenesis concept can claim to be universally accepted. In fact, some investigators still harbour doubts whether this even is an autoimmune disease, and the relative importance of CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells and NKGD2+ NK or NKT cells and the exact role of genetic factors in AA pathogenesis remain bones of contention. Also, is AA one disease, a spectrum of distinct disease entities or only a response pattern of normal hair follicles to immunologically mediated damage? During the past decade, substantial progress has been made in basic AA‐related research, in the development of new models for translationally relevant AA research and in the identification of new therapeutic agents and targets for future AA management. This calls for a re‐evaluation and public debate of currently prevalent AA pathobiology concepts. The present Controversies feature takes on this challenge, hoping to attract more skin biologists, immunologists and professional autoimmunity experts to this biologically fascinating and clinically important model disease.