bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth Patterns, Status of Well-Being and Trend Analysis of Three Commercially Important Clupeid Species from Selangor Landing Port
Authors: Zolkaply Siti Zulaiha , Supramaniam Thanakkumaran , Faisal Yahaya Muhamad Afiq 
Published: July 2024

Length-weight relationships (LWRs) and condition factors are vital to quickly understanding the fitness and well-being of fish. There is currently no available evidence on LWRs, condition factors and landing trend for these three species and an absence of this information will result in improper management and monitoring of fish species. In this study, the growth patterns, status of well-being and trend analysis of commercially important clupeid species from the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia were studied. Sardinella lemuru, Amblygaster sirm and Nematalosa japonica were selected due to high commercial value and conservation status. S. lemuru was specifically categorized as near threatened by the IUCN with decreasing global populations. Total length (cm) and body weight (g) of S. lemuru, A. sirm and N. japonica were accounted for in this study, which was obtained from the wet market in the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The relationships between length and, weight and, condition factors (Fulton’s, KF; relative condition factor, Kn; Allometric) were assessed. The allometric equation; W = aLb was used to evaluate the length-weight relationships while KF = 100W/Lb and Kn = W/aLb were used to estimate fish condition factor. ARIMA (1,1,1) and ARIMA (0,1,0) models were utilised to forecast the fish landing pattern until 2030. The results showed that the coefficient of determination R2 values varied between 0.263 (Sardinella lemuru), 0.5187 (Amblygaster sirm) and 0.8443 (Nematalosa japonica) and b values ranged from 0.0959 to 2.1005. From this, all three fish species have shown a negative allometric growth pattern b<3, reflecting a relatively slow growth rate and size of fish. No positive allometry was detected for any of the sampled fish species. A low value of relative condition factor (Kn < 1) suggests that all the fish species in this study have poor physical characteristics due to inadequate food resources, and unsuitable habitats for expansion of the fish population. Prediction based on Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model showed that N. japonica would increase gradually in the coming years, while S. lemuru would remain constant. This study contributes to the knowledge base for S. lemuru, A. sirm and N. japonica in the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia, and is crucial in terms of understanding the ecology of the habitat for supporting conservation strategies, and the restoration and management of these species in future.
External Stimuli, Personal Factors, Psychological Cognition, Intention Engaging in Transformation of Medical Achievements among Medical Professionals in China: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Yee Ong Sharon Yong , Xuepeng Du 
Published: July 2024

As a highly populous country, China's healthcare system currently faces numerous challenges. Therefore, there is an urgent need for medical innovation and transformation of achievements to address these challenges. Meanwhile, as medical professionals play important roles in this process, the need for medical professionals engaging in medical innovation and transformation of achievements is more crucial than ever. Although the transformation of medical achievements has received considerable attention over the last decades in China, little attention has been devoted to investigating medical professionals and considering what factors influence their engagement with the transformation of medical achievements. This paper aims to provide a conceptual framework for understanding how external factors influence the medical professionals’ engagement with the transformation of medical achievements. It also explores the process of evolution from external stimuli to psychological cognition and, ultimately, to the medical professionals’ intention of transformation of medical achievements. Drawing on prior research, integrating stimulus-organism-response theory and theory of planned behavior, this study employs a deductive approach to establish a conceptual framework for explaining the process and relationship from external stimuli to individual cognition and then to the intention of engaging in the transformation of medical achievements among medical professionals. The external stimuli elicit salient beliefs of medical professionals. Additionally, personal factors moderate the relationship between external stimuli and salient beliefs. Subsequently, the salient beliefs contribute to the formation of individual psychological cognition. Finally, these psychological cognitive factors significantly influence the response (intentions) of medical professionals towards the transformation of medical achievements. Through the process, It is revealed that external stimuli can both positively and negatively affect medical professionals’ intention engaging in the transformation of medical achievements. The study presents a comprehensive conceptual framework , which reveal the whole evolution process from medical professionals receiving external stimulation to their psychological cognitive changes, and finally forming their intention to engage in the transformation of medical achievements. And it paves the way for future research endeavors such as empirical validation of this framework or exploration of its applicability across diverse cultural and contexts.
Evolution of the Termination Region of the Parsec-scale Jet of 3C 84 Over the Past 20 yr
Authors: Kam Minchul , Hodgson Jeffrey A. , Park Jongho , Kino Motoki , Nagai Hiroshi , Trippe Sascha , Wagner Alexander Y. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We present the kinematics of the parsec-scale jet in 3C 84 from 2003 November to 2022 June observed with the Very Long Baseline Array at 43 GHz. We find that the C3 component, a bright feature at the termination region of the jet component ejected from the core in 2003, has maintained a nearly constant apparent velocity of 0.259 ± 0.003c over the period covered by observations. We observe the emergence of four new subcomponents from C3, each exhibiting apparent speeds higher than that of C3. Notably, the last two subcomponents exhibit apparent superluminal motion, with the fastest component showing an apparent speed of 1.22 ± 0.14c. Our analysis suggests that a change in viewing angle alone cannot account for the fast apparent speeds of the new subcomponents, indicating that they are intrinsically faster than C3. We identify jet precession (or reorientation), a jet–cloud collision, and magnetic reconnection as possible physical mechanisms responsible for the ejection of the new subcomponents.
Shock Waves in the Magnetic Reconnection in the Flares on the Accretion Disk of the Sgr A*
Authors: Zhao Tian-Le , Li Xiao-Feng , Tang Ze-Yuan , Kumar Rajiv 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Sgr A* often shows bright, episodic flares observationally, but the mechanism of the flares' intermittent brightening is not very clear. Many people believe the flares may be formed by the nonthermal particles, which can be a consequence of the magnetic reconnection and shock waves. In this work, we use the larger magnetic loop in the presence of pseudo-Newtonian potential, which mimics general relativistic effects. The simulation results show that the reconnection of magnetic field lines passes through a current sheet, which bifurcates into two pairs of slow shocks. We also find the shock waves heat the plasma, especially when the plasma density is low. The shock wave heating effect by the magnetic reconnection is confirmed by the simulation results, and thus the process of instantaneous brightening of the flares on the accretion disk can be explained.
Direct Observational Evidence of Multi-epoch Massive Star Formation in G24.47+0.49
Authors: Saha Anindya , Tej Anandmayee , Liu Hong-Li , Liu Tie , Garay Guido , Goldsmith Paul F. , Lee Chang Won , He Jinhua , Juvela Mika , Bronfman Leonardo , Baug Tapas , Vázquez-Semadeni Enrique , Sanhueza Patricio , Li Shanghuo , Chibueze James O. , Bhadari N. K. , Dewangan Lokesh K. , Das Swagat Ranjan , Xu Feng-Wei , Issac Namitha , Hwang Jihye , Tóth L. Viktor 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Using new continuum and molecular line data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Three-millimeter Observations of Massive Star-forming Regions (ATOMS) survey and archival Very Large Array, 4.86 GHz data, we present direct observational evidence of hierarchical triggering relating three epochs of massive star formation in a ringlike H ii region, G24.47+0.49. We find from radio flux analysis that it is excited by a massive star(s) of spectral type O8.5V–O8V from the first epoch of star formation. The swept-up ionized ring structure shows evidence of secondary collapse, and within this ring, a burst of massive star formation is observed in different evolutionary phases, which constitutes the second epoch. ATOMS spectral line (e.g., HCO+(1–0)) observations reveal an outer concentric molecular gas ring expanding at a velocity of ∼9 km s−1, constituting the direct and unambiguous detection of an expanding molecular ring. It harbors twelve dense molecular cores with surface mass density greater than 0.05 g cm−2, a threshold typical of massive star formation. Half of them are found to be subvirial and thus in gravitational collapse making them the third epoch of potential massive star-forming sites.
Congenital hypothyroidism and nephrocalcinosis—An uncommon association
Authors: Sidana Shivani , Kaur Navdeep , Bhardwaj Naveen Kumar , Bansal Shivani , Mittal Paras 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Congenial hypothyroidism (CH) is a common endocrine disorder in newborns; if left untreated, it can lead to mental subnormality. CH has also been known to affect renal development and physiology. However, there are only few case reports on the association between CH and nephrocalcinosis. We report a case of a 9-month-old female child who presented with gross clinical features of CH such as growth delay, delayed motor milestones, macroglossia, stridor, protruded abdomen, umbilical hernia, and cradle cap skull. Investigations revealed primary hypothyroidism, renal dysfunction, metabolic acidosis with normokalemia, and acidic urine and bilateral medullary nephrocalcinosis. After initiation of levothyroxine, improvement in renal functions and metabolic acidosis was observed, indicating the direct role of thyroid hormones in regulating renal physiology. Presence of nephrocalcinosis and renal dysfunction should be looked upon in any case of untreated CH. High doses of calcium and cholecalciferol supplementation must be avoided as it may lead to hypercalciuria, leading to development or deterioration of nephrocalcinosis and renal dysfunction.
Zoledronate-induced Anterior Uveitis: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Prasad Trupti Nagendra , Pal Rimesh , Shetty Anirudh J. , Tigari Basavaraj , Bhadada Sanjay Kumar 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTZoledronate is one of the treatments used for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Acute febrile reactions are common with zoledronate therapy. However, zoledronate-induced uveitis is rarely reported in the global literature. In this work, we report a case of bilateral acute anterior uveitis following zoledronate infusion. A 56-year-old, postmenopausal woman presented with symptoms of fever, bilateral periorbital swelling, watering from eyes, pain, photophobia, and blurring of vision 2 days after zoledronate infusion. On examination, there was conjunctival hyperemia, aqueous cells, fibrinous reaction, pigments in the anterior lens capsule, keratic precipitates, and posterior synechiae, suggestive of acute anterior uveitis. Her symptoms resolved completely over 2 weeks of topical administration of betamethasone and atropine. Uveitis is one of the rare complications of bisphosphonates, with zoledronate having a higher risk. The mechanism is not fully known. Knowledge about this adverse event is essential for prompt diagnosis and timely management.
Association of N-terminal Pro B-type Natriuretic Peptide with Asymptomatic Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Roy Mitali , Ruram Alice Abraham , Tiewsoh Iadarilang , Kapoor Manish 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are known to have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Increased circulating N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in patients with asymptomatic and symptomatic ventricular dysfunction are demonstrated and therefore can be used as a potential marker for early diagnosis and treatment. Hence, this study was undertaken to determine serum NT-proBNP levels and to explore the association of serum NT-proBNP levels with asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction (ALVD) in patients of T2DM.

Materials and Methods:
This hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out in a total of 85 patients of T2DM without any overt heart disease. Serum NT-proBNP was measured by electrochemiluminescence method. Echocardiography was performed to assess the left ventricular (LV) function in all the study participants. All statistical procedures were performed using SPSS software.

Results:
Out of the 85 type 2 diabetic participants, 15 (17.6%) were diagnosed with ALVD. Serum NT-proBNP levels in type 2 diabetic patients with ALVD were significantly higher than in T2DM patients with normal LV function (P = 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for NT-proBNP to separate normal versus abnormal ventricular function was 0.95 in Type 2 diabetic patients. Serum NT-proBNP at a cutoff point of 127.65 pg/ml showed 86.7% sensitivity and 97.1% specificity for the detection of ALVD in T2DM patients.

Conclusion:
Secretion of NT-proBNP is found to be increased in T2DM patients with ALVD and therefore may be a simple screening tool to select diabetic patients with ALVD requiring further examination with echocardiography.
Synthesis and nanoparticle characterization of an Ayurveda formulation Tridhathu Garbha Pottali
Authors: Patil Giramalla , Hiremath Shobha G. , Patil Shivanand , Singh Ruchi , Siddhanta Soumik 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
The Tridhaatu Garbha Pottali (TGP) Rasayana is a formulation that may not be widely known, but it is prepared using the Gandhaka Drava Paka method of Pottali preparation. It has been reportedly used in the treatment of various conditions, including Putimeha (Pyorrhea), Pradara (Leukorrhea), and Shukra Dosha (seminal abnormalities). Despite its potential benefits, no current research is being conducted on the synthesis and characterization of this formulation. An attempt was made to standardize the method of preparation of TGP Rasayana as mentioned in Rasayogasagar (a classical text of Rasashastra), and nanoparticle (NP) characterization was carried out alongside classical and physicochemical parameters. Presesent study aimed to standardize TGP Rasayana preparation method and analyze for Nanoparticle Characterization.

METHODS:
TGP Rasayana is a Pottali Rasayana prepared using the Gandhaka Paaka technique, amalgamating Shuddha Parada, Shuddha Swarna, Shuddha Gandhaka, along with Bhasmas of Naga, Vanga, and Yashadha. Swarna-Parada Dhatu Pishti (fusion) was prepared first, followed by the addition of Gandhaka. Then, the Bhasmas of Naga, Vanga, and Yashada were added, well mixed using trituration method, and Kumari Swarasa Bhavana was administered. The resulting TGP Kajjali was given a conical shape and dried, and Pottali was wrapped in four-folded silk material with Gandhaka in between. Pottali Paka was performed in Mritpatra using the Gandhaka Paaka method, placing it in a Valuka Yantra and subjecting it to Mridvagni for 8 h to obtain all Pottali Siddha Lakshana. Then, the obtained TGP Rasayana was analyzed for classical and instrumental parameters, physicochemical parameters, and sophisticated instrumental analyses such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectra.

RESULTS:
TGP possessed all classical parameters of Pottali. XRD confirms the presence of HgS, PbS, SnO2, and ZnO. SEM images show the agglomerated appearance of TGP particles. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) confirms the presence of sulfur, zinc, tin, mercury, and lead as major elements, with gold as minor elements. FTIR shows the presence of organic sulphate, aliphatic amines, and alkyl halides.

CONCLUSION:
The TGP Rasayana that has been prepared contains various NPs that possess functional groups, thus making it a highly effective therapeutic medicine with the properties of nanomedicine.
Effectiveness of multimedia-based teaching on the learning rate of anesthesia technologist students in the field of central venous pressure monitoring: A comparative study
Authors: Moradimajd Parisa , Khonkdar Kimia , Maroufi Shahnam Sedigh , Abolghasemi Jamileh 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:
Traditional teaching methods alone are no longer sufficient to meet the needs of modern societies. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of central venous pressure teaching through multimedia and lecture method on learning rate of anesthesia technologist students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In this quasi-experimental study, 41 undergraduate students of anesthesia technologist were selected through the census method and randomly divided into two groups: multimedia- and lecture-based teaching. The educational content was the same for both groups and was taught by the same educator. A pre-test was administered to both groups, and a post-test was conducted two weeks after the intervention. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and paired t-test with SPSS software version 26.

RESULTS:
Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in the mean scores between the two groups (P = 0.648). However, after the intervention, the learning rate significantly improved in both teaching methods (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the mean scores obtained from post-test increase in the multimedia-based group were significantly higher than the lecture-based group (P = 0.004).

CONCLUSION:
The results of this study indicate the effectiveness of both methods. However, considering the advantages of multimedia-based teaching, such as responding to various learning styles and higher mean scores obtained from post-test of the multimedia-based group compared to the lecture-based group, it is recommended to utilize this teaching method in medical science courses.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of the training on “Home care of COVID-19 positive/suspicious patients” given to nursing students: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Sabandüzen Hande , Kavaklı Öznur 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:This study aims to evaluate the effects of education on home care of infected or suspected COVID-19 patients on the levels of knowledge, anxiety, and awareness of nursing students in Turkey.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The study is in quasi-experimental design. A sample of 158 volunteer students studying nursing at a private university in Turkey was formed. Data were collected using, descriptive information form, “Coronavirus Anxiety Scale,” “COVID-19 Awareness Scale,” and the “Knowledge of COVID-19 Home Care Test.” Pre-test was performed before the participants received education. Post-test was performed seven days after the intervention. SPSS version 25.0 was used for data analysis. “TREND checklist” was used for quasi-experimental/non-randomized evaluations to report the findings of the study.RESULTS:Anxiety levels decreased and the levels of awareness and knowledge on COVID-19 increased after receiving education on home care of infected or suspected COVID-19 patients (p < 0.001), indicating the effectiveness of the education. Education on home care of infected or suspected COVID-19 patients was an effective method to reduce anxiety and increase knowledge and awareness in nursing students.CONCLUSIONS:To contribute to community health, home care training can be given to nursing students, other people receiving home care, or providing home care to COVID-19 patients, infected or suspected COVID-19 patients.
Engaging students through activity-based bingo games in immunology course: Determining students’ perception and measuring its influence on academic performance
Authors: Sannathimmappa Mohan B. , Nambiar Vinod , Aravindakshan Rajeev 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:
This study aims to evaluate how well bingo game-based activities serve as instructional tools to enhance student learning.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This prospective cross-sectional study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. The study sample size was 145 MD3 year college of medicine students for the academic year 2023–2024. The evaluation instruments included the participants’ exam grades, pre-test scores, post-test scores, and feedback. The study employed a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative and qualitative research methods to investigate how students perceived and interacted with the bingo game-based activity. The data were analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. The association between exam and post-test scores was examined using the correlation coefficient and a straightforward regression analysis. The P value of less than 0.05 was deemed significant.

RESULTS:
The study comprised 145 students in total who completed all the tasks. The post-test scores (10.62 ± 1.73) showed a statistically significant improvement (P < 0.01) over the pre-test scores (6.3 ± 1.99). Most students (85–90%) thought that activities centered around bingo games were great tools for learning. Nine out of ten students said the game-based activity was engaging and enjoyable, that it inspired them to engage in group discussions, that it assisted them in identifying and concentrating on important topics, and that it improved their knowledge and helped them get ready for the final exam. Almost all the participants (>90%) suggested adding this exercise to the list of future topics. Overall, exam scores achieved by students for topics covered in the bingo-based activity (92.7 ± 4.96) were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than exam scores for topics not covered in the activity (83.75 ± 7.74).

CONCLUSION:
Bingo game is an effective learning strategy to promote students’ learning in the immunology course. Furthermore, utilizing bingo games as a formative assessment technique can significantly improve students’ learning and help them achieve higher scores on summative assessments.