bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Burge, Elizabeth et al ed (2011) Flexible pedagogy, flexible practiceAthabasca U Press (Edmonton, Canada) isbn 978‐1‐926836‐20‐1 348 pp cdn$34.95 (free download) http://www.aupress.ca/index.php/books/120203
Authors: Martin Marie 
Published: February 2013

SummaryIn this excellently edited and stimulating book, targeted at all interested in post‐secondary education, practitioners in the fields of flexible pedagogy and distance education across the globe share and critically reflect on experiences of flexibility grounded in the gritty reality of practice. If you are likely to find the content of this book important, I recommend you arrange to borrow a copy for a while.Marie Martin
Biological variation of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with diabetes
Authors: Dawson A. J. , Sathyapalan T. , Atkin S. L. , Kilpatrick E. S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBiological variation refers to the natural fluctuations found when repeated measurements are made in a biological system. Generally, biological variation remains within narrow boundaries in health, but may differ in pathological states, with implications for the diagnosis and monitoring of disease processes. In disease, biological variation may alter such that any subsequent measurement may need to have a greater difference compared with a healthy control to be biologically relevant. Treatments such as insulin or anti‐hypertensive therapy have been shown to reduce biological variability closer to normal levels and theoretically this may help prevent complication development or progression in conditions such as diabetes. This article reviews how biological variation can influence our identification and assessment of vascular risk factors in a person with diabetes. The role of biological variation in the diagnosis of diabetes (glucose and HbA1c) is then examined. Finally, the influence that common treatments in diabetes have in modifying biological variation is described.
Geographies of Aid: A Critical Research Agenda
Authors: Overton John , Murray Warwick E , McGregor Andrew 
Published: February 2013

AbstractGeographical studies of international aid have been scarce. In this article we make the case for geographies of aid, arguing not only that aid would be better understood if a geographical lens were applied, but also that many of the core questions and concepts that concern geographers could be approached and better understood through research on the geographies of aid. We consider that while the global politics of aid is well understood the way local, national and regional scale geographies interact with this is not. Ultimately, we posit that a geographical approach – pursued through a focus on scale, place, networks and space – would allow us to construct a new political agenda for aid that unites critical geographical concerns across the globe.
Giving Up the Goods: Rethinking the Human Right to Subsistence, Institutional Justice, and Imperfect Duties
Authors: Meckled‐Garcia Saladin 
Published: February 2013

AbstractEither a person's claim to subsistence goods is held against institutions equipped to distribute social benefits and burdens fairly or it is made regardless of such a social scheme. If the former, then one's claim is not best understood as based on principles setting out a subsistence goods entitlement, but rather on principles of equitable social distribution — a fair share. If, however, the claim is not against a given social scheme, no plausible principle exists defining what counts as a reasonable burden for any of the available agents to secure subsistence. No justifiable principle exists implying generalised perfect duties any agent could clearly follow or clearly breach that secure subsistence conditions for others. At best we can justify rescue duties under very specific conditions, or general but imperfect duties to improve arrangements. Neither of these obviously correlates with human rights standards. Attempts in the literature to overcome the dilemma by claiming basic rights can correlate with imperfect duties or can generate duties to work towards institutions that ‘perfect’ our imperfect duties, are faulty. I then show how the dilemma can be avoided by accounts of human rights focusing on minimum respectful treatment rather than goods or interests.
Oestradiol Modulation of Serotonin Reuptake Transporter and Serotonin Metabolism in the Brain of Monkeys
Authors: Sánchez M. G. , Morissette M. , Di Paolo T. 
Published: February 2013

Serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine; 5‐HT) is an important brain neurotransmitter that is implicated in mental and neurodegenerative diseases and is modulated by ovarian hormones. Nevertheless, the effect of oestrogens on 5‐HT neurotransmission in the primate caudate nucleus, putamen and nucleus accumbens, which are major components of the basal ganglia, and the anterior cerebral cortex, mainly the frontal and cingulate gyrus, is not well documented. The present study evaluated 5‐HT reuptake transporter (SERT) and 5‐HT metabolism in these brain regions in response to 1‐month treatment with 17β‐oestradiol in short‐term (1 month) ovariectomised (OVX) monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). SERT‐specific binding was measured by autoradiography using the radioligand [3H]citalopram. Biogenic amine concentrations were quantified by high‐performance liquid chromatography. 17β‐Oestradiol increased SERT in the superior frontal cortex and in the anterior cingulate cortex, in the nucleus accumbens, and in subregions of the caudate nucleus of OVX monkeys. 17β‐Oestradiol left [3H]citalopram‐specific binding unchanged in the putamen, as well as the dorsal and medial raphe nucleus. 17β‐Oestradiol treatment decreased striatal concentrations of the precursor of 5‐HT, 5‐hydroxytryptophan, and increased 5‐HT, dopamine and 3‐methoxytyramine concentrations in the nucleus accumbens, caudate nucleus and putamen, whereas the concentrations of the metabolites 5‐hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid remained unchanged. No effect of 17β‐oestradiol treatment was observed for biogenic amine concentrations in the cortical regions. A significant positive correlation was observed between [3H]citalopram‐specific binding and 5‐HT concentrations in the caudate nucleus, putamen and nucleus accumbens, suggesting their link. These results have translational value for women with low oestrogen, such as those in surgical menopause or perimenopause.
Clitoral Changes, Sexuality, and Body Image During the Menstrual Cycle: A Pilot Study
Authors: Morotti Elena , Battaglia Bruno , Persico Nicola , Zampieri Marina , Busacchi Paolo , Venturoli Stefano , Battaglia Cesare 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT

Introduction
A relationship between sexual function and all body image variables has been reported. However, there are no studies analyzing the relationship between menstrual cycle, body image, and sexuality.

Aim
To evaluate clitoral changes, sexual behavior, and perceived body image during the menstrual cycle.

Methods
Twenty-four women underwent ultrasonographic (US) clitoral measurements, color Doppler evaluation of the clitoral artery, and hormonal testing. In addition, they were administered the McCoy Female Sexuality Questionnaire (MFSQ), the Stunkard Figure Rating Scale (FRS), and the Beck's Depression Inventory questionnaire (BDI).

Main Outcome Measures
The main outcome measures were clitoral volume, clitoral artery pulsatility index (PI), the MFSQ, the FRS, and the BDI.

Results
The subjects had a mean age of 29.3 ± 4.5 years and a mean body mass index (kg/m2 = BMI) of 21.2 ± 2.0. US and color Doppler assessments showed significant increase in clitoral body volume (P = 0.039) and a decrease in the PI (P = 0.027) of the clitoral artery during the periovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle. These changes were significantly and positively correlated with estradiol levels (P = 0.009 and P = 0.017, respectively). The two-factor Italian MFSQ for sexuality and partnership was similar in all the phases of the cycle. The number of intercourses/week slightly increased in the periovulatory phase. The mean BDI was normal in all women and did not change during the cycle. The FRS showed no difference in all examined parameters during the three phases of the menstrual cycle.

Conclusions
In young, lean, eumenorrheic Italian women, there is no significant change, during the menstrual cycle, in sexual function, body image perception, and symptoms of depression, as assessed by the two-factor Italian MFSQ for sexuality and partnership, the FRS, and the total BDI score. However, our results suggest that estrogens, influencing clitoral anatomic and vascular changes, may favor genital arousability.
Correlation between panoramic radiographic signs and high‐risk anatomical factors for impacted mandibular third molars
Authors: Harada N. , Vasudeva S.B. , Joshi R. , Seki K. , Araki K. , Matsuda Y. , Okano T. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAimTo determine the relationship between radiographic signs on panoramic radiographs and anatomic features of thinning of the cortical plates and closeness of the root of the third molar to the mandibular canal on cone beam computed tomography images (CBCT).MethodsPanoramic images were analysed for the relationship of the root of the third molar to the mandibular canal. The CBCT images were analysed for the relation between mandibular canal and the third molar root. The results were tabulated, and Chi square test (P < 0.05) was used for the assessment of the relationship between the panoramic sign and the CBCT findings.ResultsThe panoramic signs, especially, darkening of the root and interruption of the white line of the canal correlated with the location of the mandibular canal to the impacted tooth, thinning of the lingual cortical plate and the closeness of the canal and the molar.ConclusionDarkening of the root and interruption of the white line of the canal on panoramic radiograph can predict lingual cortical plate thinning and close relation between third molar root and the mandibular canal.
Humoral Autoimmune Response to IGF2 mRNA‐Binding Protein (IMP2/p62) and Its Tissue‐Specific Expression in Colon Cancer
Authors: Liu W. , Li Z. , Xu W. , Wang Q. , Yang S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractTo understand the autoimmune response and immunogenicity of a tumour‐associated antigen (TAA) and IGF2 mRNA‐binding protein (IMP2/62) in colon cancer, autoantibody to this TAA was evaluated by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blotting and indirect immunofluorescence assay in sera from patients with colon cancer. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) study with colon cancer tissues was also performed to analyse protein expression of IMP2/p62. The result has showed that there has a relatively higher frequency of autoantibody response to IMP2/p62 in colon cancer (23.4%, 15/64) compared to patients with colonic adenomas (4.8%, 2/42) and normal individuals (2.9%, 1/34). Of 64 colon cancer tissue specimens examined, 48 tissues (75.0%, 48/64) expressed p62, while normal colon tissues did not show any expression of p62 (0/34). The positive rate of antinuclear antibody (ANA) in colon cancer was 82.8% (53/64), which is significantly higher than that in patients with colonic adenomas (21.4%, 9/42) and normal individuals (17.6%, 6/34). The data suggest that the combinational detection of anti‐p62 autoantibody and ANA is of significance in diagnosing colon cancer and monitoring the prognosis of the disease.
The Social Aspects of Xenotransplantation
Authors: Cook Peta S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractXenotransplantation is a controversial medical science where living animal parts are transplanted into humans. While the literature on xenotransplantation is vast in regards to medical and scientific research, and ethics, it is comparatively lacking in social science. This article examines the literature on the social aspects of xenotransplantation, with a focus on public perception, ontology and identity, meat, knowledge production, animal bodies and scientific knowledge. This demonstrates that the science seeks to stabilise the understandings and social perceptions of xenotransplantation by using natural and cultural arguments, but the public exhibit significant uncertainty and ambiguity. The article concludes by suggesting future directions for the social research on xenotransplantation.
Draft Genome Sequence of the
Paenibacillus
sp. Strain ICGEB2008 (MTCC 5639) Isolated from the Gut of Helicoverpa armigera
Authors: Adlakha Nidhi , Ritturaj Kushwaha Hemant , Rajagopal Raman , Yazdani Syed Shams 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT

Paenibacillus
sp. strain ICGEB2008 (MTCC 5639) is a Gram-positive cellulolytic bacterium, isolated from the gut of
Helicoverpa armigera
. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Paenibacillus
sp. ICGEB2008. The annotation of the ~5.7-Mb sequence indicated a cluster of genes related to the glycosyl hydrolase family and the butanediol biosynthesis pathway.
Genome Sequence of Klebsiella pneumoniae KpQ3, a DHA-1 β-Lactamase-Producing Nosocomial Isolate
Authors: Tobes Raquel , Codoñer Francisco M. , López-Camacho Elena , Salanueva Iñigo J. , Manrique Marina , Brozynska Marta , Gómez-Gil Rosa , Martínez-Blanch Juan F. , Álvarez-Tejado Miguel , Pareja Eduardo , Mingorance Jesús 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT

Klebsiella pneumoniae
KpQ3 is a multidrug-resistant isolate obtained from a blood culture of a patient in a burn unit in the Hospital Universitario La Paz (Madrid, Spain) in 2008. The genome contains multiple antibiotic resistance genes, including a plasmid-mediated DHA-1 cephalosporinase gene.
Engraftment Patterns of Human Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expose Electrotonic and Paracrine Proarrhythmic Mechanisms in Myocardial Cell Cultures
Authors: Askar Saïd F.A. , Ramkisoensing Arti A. , Atsma Douwe E. , Schalij Martin J. , de Vries Antoine A.F. , Pijnappels Daniël A. 
Published: February 2013

Background—
After intramyocardial injection, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may engraft and influence host myocardium. However, engraftment rate and pattern of distribution are difficult to control in vivo, hampering assessment of potential adverse effects. In this study, the role of the engraftment patterns of MSCs on arrhythmicity in controllable in vitro models is investigated.

Methods and Results—

Cocultures of 4×10
5
neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and 7% or 28% adult human MSCs (hMSCs) in diffuse or clustered distribution patterns were prepared. Electrophysiological effects were studied by optical mapping and patch-clamping. In diffuse cocultures, hMSCs dose-dependently decreased neonatal rat cardiomyocyte excitability, slowed conduction, and prolonged action potential duration until 90% repolarization (APD
90
). Triggered activity (14% versus 0% in controls) and increased inducibility of re-entry (53% versus 6% in controls) were observed in 28% hMSC cocultures. MSC clusters increased APD
90
, slowed conduction locally, and increased re-entry inducibility (23%), without increasing triggered activity. Pharmacological heterocellular electric uncoupling increased excitability and conduction velocity to 133% in 28% hMSC cocultures, but did not alter APD
90
. Transwell experiments showed that hMSCs dose-dependently increased APD
90
, APD dispersion, inducibility of re-entry and affected specific ion channel protein levels, whereas excitability was unaltered. Incubation with hMSC–derived exosomes did not increase APD in neonatal rat cardiomyocyte cultures.

Conclusions—
Adult hMSCs affect arrhythmicity of neonatal rat cardiomyocyte cultures by heterocellular coupling leading to depolarization–induced conduction slowing and by direct release of paracrine factors that negatively affect repolarization rate. The extent of these detrimental effects depends on the number and distribution pattern of hMSCs. These results suggest that caution should be urged against potential adverse effects of myocardial hMSC engraftment.
Expression profile of the Plasmodium falciparum intra-erythrocytic stage protein, PF3D7_1363700
Authors: Roberts Renee N , Schlarman Maggie S , Kariuki Michael M , LaCrue Alexis N , Ou Ruguang , Beerntsen Brenda T 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Background
Efforts to control malaria are demanding due to drug-resistant parasites, insecticide-resistant mosquitoes and poor health infrastructure in malaria-endemic countries. Therefore, the research and development of additional malaria control methods are crucial. For host-parasite interactions, surface antigens and secreted proteins are likely to be involved in infectivity and invasion of host tissues and therefore can be effective targets for control by vaccines, drug therapy, or novel mosquito control methods. In an effort to identify and characterize genes that may have a role in host-parasite interaction, this study describes the expression profile of Plasmodium falciparum PF3D7_1363700.

Methods
A P. falciparum gene, PF3D7_1363700, was identified by a search of the annotated Plasmodium genome database. Protein alignments of PF3D7_1363700 orthologues from various Plasmodium species were performed to demonstrate protein similarity. Transcript expression profiles of PF3D7_1363700 were determined via reverse-transcriptase PCR and protein expression was investigated by immunofluorescence assays, western blot analysis and green fluorescent trafficking studies.

Results
The PF3D7_1363700 protein demonstrates significant similarity with orthologues in other Plasmodium species and appears to be unique to Apicomplexans. The PF3D7_1363700 transcription profile demonstrated expression during the intra-erythrocytic, oocyst sporozoite, and salivary gland sporozoite stages while the PF3D7_1363700 protein was only detected during the intra-erythrocytic stages.

Conclusions
This research utilized an in silico approach to identify a well-conserved protein known as PF3D7_1363700. By molecular, biochemical and cellular analyses, PF3D7_1363700 was discovered to be an intra-erythrocytic-specific stage protein that is unique to Apicomplexans.
SET protein up-regulated testosterone production in the cultured preantral follicles
Authors: Xu Boqun , Gao Lingling , Cui Yugui , Gao Li , Dai Xue , Li Mei , Zhang Yuan , Ma Xiang , Diao Feiyang , Liu Jiayin 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Background
We found previously that the expression of SET gene was up-regulated in polycystic ovaries. Evidences suggested that SET protein was essential for regulating both the promoter activity of CYP17A1 and the biological activity of P450c17. In this study, we explored whether SET regulated androgen production in preantral follicles.

Methods
The mouse preantral follicles were cultured in vitro. Testosterone secretion and expression of steroidogenic enzymes were observed in the preantral follicles treated in vitro by SET overexpression and knockdown.

Results
Testosterone levels in the media of the AdCMV-SET infected follicles significantly increased, and the CYP17A1 and HSD3B2 expression also significantly increased (P < 0.05). Testosterone levels in AdSiRNA-SET infected group decreased, and so did CYP17A1 and HSD3B2 expression (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
SET played a positive role in regulating ovarian androgen biosynthesis by enhancing the transcription of steroidogenic enzymes CYP17A1 and HSD3B2, which maybe contribute to the hyperandrogenism in PCOS.
Targeting early B-cell receptor signaling induces apoptosis in leukemic mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Boukhiar Mohand-Akli , Roger Claudine , Tran Julie , Gressin Remy , Martin Antoine , Ajchenbaum-Cymbalista Florence , Varin-Blank Nadine , Ledoux Dominique , Baran-Marszak Fanny 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundWe previously showed that B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathways are important forin vitrosurvival of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) cells. To further identify early BCR-activated signaling pathways involved in MCL cell survival, we focused our study on BCR-proximal kinases such as LYN whose dysregulations could contribute to the aggressive course of MCL.MethodsPrimary MCL cells were isolated from 14 leukemic patients. Early BCR-induced genes were identified by qRT-PCR array. The basal and BCR-induced phosphorylation of LYN and JNK were evaluated by immunoblottting. Cell survival signals were evaluated by apoptosis using flow cytometry.ResultsWe showed that LYN was constitutively phosphorylated in MCL cell lines and in 9/10 leukemic MCL cases. Treatment with dasatinib or with a specific inhibitor of Src kinases such as PP2 suppressed constitutive LYN activation and increasedin vitrospontaneous apoptosis of primary MCL cells. BCR engagement resulted in an increase of LYN phosphorylation leading to activation of c-JUN NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and over-expression of the early growth response gene-1 (EGR-1). Inhibition of JNK with SP600125 induced apoptosis and reduced level of basal and BCR-induced expression of EGR-1. Furthermore, decreasing EGR1 expression by siRNA reduced BCR-induced cell survival. Treatment with PP2 or with dasatinib suppressed BCR-induced LYN and JNK phosphorylation as well as EGR-1 upregulation and is associated with a decrease of cell survival in all cases analysed.ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance of BCR signaling in MCL cell survival and points out to the efficiency of kinase inhibitors in suppressing proximal BCR signaling events and in inducing apoptosis.
Transitorisch ischämische Attacke nach Schaumverödung der Vena saphena parva
Authors: Winkler M. , Brunner A. , Noppeney T. , Noppeney J. 
Published: February 2013

ZusammenfassungWir berichten über einen 55-jährigen Patienten, der nach Schaumsklerotherapie der Vena saphena parva eine 30 Minuten dauernde transitorisch ischämische Attacke erlitten hat. Bei dem Patienten bestand eine ausgeprägte Varikose der Vena saphena parva beidseits sowie der Vena accessoria anterior linksseitig. Es bestand ein Stadium C3 nach CEAP-Klassifikation beidseits.An Vorerkrankungen ist ein chronisches Vorhofflimmern bei ausgeprägtem Sinussyndrom bekannt, therapeutische Antikoagulation. Zusätzlich besteht eine dilatative Kardiomyopathie mit eingeschränkter EF von 35 %. Nach zunächst zwei unauffälligen Schaum -sklerotherapie-Sitzungen der Vena accessoria anterior mit 0,5 % aufgeschäumten Polidocanol kam es bei der dritten Sitzung, Schaum -sklerotherapie 0,5 % aufgeschäumtes Polidocanol der Vena saphena parva, zu einer transitorisch ischämischen Attacke mit Kraftlosigkeit im linken Bein, Kraftminderung im Be-reich der linken Hand und Taubheitsgefühl der oberen und unteren linken Extremität. Nach einer Dauer von 30 Minuten bildeten sich die Symptome komplett zurück.Eine vor der Intervention durchgeführte kardiologische Abklärung konnte ein offenes Foramen ovale, sowie intrakardiale Thromben ausschließen. Eine Carotisstenose als Ursache der TIA konnte unsererseits mittels farbcodierter Duplexsonographie ausgeschlossen werden. Da während der Überwachungsphase nach Auftreten der TIA der Rhythmus stabil war und keinerlei Frequenzabfall oder größere Pausen in der EKG-Überwachung festzustellen war, gehen wir davon aus, dass die Schaumsklerotherapie Ursache der TIA war, wenngleich eine kardiale Ursache mit 100 %iger Sicherheit nicht ausgeschlossen werden kann.