bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lotsenfunktion von Phosphatidylinositen
Authors: Hille‐Rehfeld Annette 
Published: February 2014

AbstractPhosphatidylinosite sind eine besonders vielfältige und wandelbare Gruppe von Membranlipiden. Ihre Vertreter finden sich spezifisch in unterschiedlichen Zellkompartimenten und beteiligen sich als Adressierungssignale an der Steuerung des Vesikeltransports innerhalb von Zellen.
Radical versus conservative surgical treatment of liver hydatid cysts
Authors: El Malki H O , Souadka A , Benkabbou A , Mohsine R , Ifrine L , Abouqal R , Belkouchi A 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

Background
The management of liver hydatid cysts is controversial. Surgery remains the basic treatment, and can be divided into radical and conservative approaches. The purpose of this study was to compare the results of radical and conservative surgery in the treatment of liver hydatid cysts.

Methods
Data from all patients with liver hydatid cyst treated in a hepatobiliary surgical unit, between January 1990 and December 2010, were retrieved from a retrospective database. To minimize selection bias, propensity score matching was performed, based on 17 variables representing patient characteristics and operative risk factors. The primary outcome measure was hydatid cyst recurrence.

Results
One hundred and seventy patients were matched successfully, representing 85 pairs who had either a radical or a conservative approach to surgery. At a median (i.q.r.) follow-up of 106 (59–135) and 87 (45–126) months in the radical and conservative groups respectively, the recurrence rate was 4 per cent in both groups (odds ratio (OR) 1·00, 95 per cent confidence interval 0·19 to 5·10). There were no statistically significant differences between conservative and radical surgery in terms of operative mortality (1 versus 0 per cent; P = 0·497), deep abdominal complications (12 versus 16 per cent; OR 1·46, 0·46 to 3·49), overall postoperative complications (15 versus 19 per cent; OR 1·28, 0·57 to 2·86), reinterventions (0 versus 4 per cent; P = 0·246) and median hospital stay (7 (i.q.r. 5–12) days in both groups; P = 0·220).

Conclusion
This study could not demonstrate that radical surgery reduces recurrence and no trend towards such a reduction was observed.
Determination of cefuroxime lysine in rat brain microdialysates by ultra‐fast liquid chromatography with UV and tandem mass spectrometry: application to an acute toxicokinetic study
Authors: Zhao Longshan , Li Qing , Zhu Heyun , Chen Xiaohui , Bi Kaishun 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTCefuroxime lysine is a new second‐generation cephalosporins, which can penetrate the blood–brain barrier to cure the meningitis. In order to investigate its acute toxicokinetic study after intraperitoneal injection of 675 mg/kg cefuroxime lysine, a sensitive and clean ultra‐fast liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC‐MS/MS) method for the determination of cefuroxime lysine in microdialysate samples was developed and validated, which was compared with UFLC‐UV as a reference method. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Shim‐pack XR‐ODS C18 column (75 × 3.0 mm, 2.2 µm), with an isocratic elution of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile–0.1% formic acid in water (45:55, v/v) for LC‐MS and acetonitrile–20 mm potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH 3.0,20:80, v/v) for LC‐UV. The lower limit of detection was 0.01 µg/mL for LC‐MS and 0.1 µg/mL for LC‐UV method, with the same corresponding linearity range of 0.1–50 µg/mL. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions (relative standard deviation) for both methods were from 1.1 to 8.9%, while the accuracy was all within ±10.9%. The results of both methods were finally compared using paired t‐test; the results indicated that the concentrations measured by the two methods correlated significantly (p < 0.05), which suggested that the two methods based on LC‐MS and LC‐UV were suitable for the acute toxicokinetic study. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alphavbeta6 is required in maintaining the intestinal epithelial barrier function
Authors: Yu Yong , Chen Si , Lu Gao‐Feng , Wu Yingying , Mo Lihua , Liu Zhi‐Qiang , Zheng Peng‐Yuan , Liu Zhigang , Yang Ping‐Chang 
Published: February 2014

AbstractEpithelial barrier dysfunction is involved in a large number of diseases, but the pathogenesis is unclear. Integrin alphavbeta6 (avb6) in involved in the maintenance of the mucosal homeostasis. We have investigated the role of avb6 in maintaining the epithelial barrier function. Using T84 monolayers cultures, transepithelial electric resistance (TER) and permeability to ovalbumin (OVA) were measured as indicators of functioning. The antigenicity of OVA collected from the Transwell basal chambers was assessed using OVA‐specific T cell proliferation. Knockdown of the avb6 genes increased the permeability of T84 monolayers to OVA, but did not affect TER. The deficiency of avb6‐related hyperpermeability in T84 monolayers could be compensated by adding exogenous avb6 to the culture. The OVA samples collected from the basal chambers had strong antigenicity as it markedly induced the antigen specific T cell proliferation. Addition of recombinant avb6 blocked increases in permeability of T84 monolayers to OVA induced by tumor necrosis factor‐α.
Expanding the Scope of Alcohol Dehydrogenases towards Bulkier Substrates: Stereo‐ and Enantiopreference for α,α‐Dihalogenated Ketones
Authors: Kędziora Kinga , Bisogno Fabricio R. , Lavandera Iván , Gotor‐Fernández Vicente , Montejo‐Bernardo Jose , García‐Granda Santiago , Kroutil Wolfgang , Gotor Vicente 
Published: February 2014

AbstractAlcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) were identified as suitable enzymes for the reduction of the corresponding α,α‐dihalogenated ketones, obtaining optically pure β,β‐dichloro‐ or β,β‐dibromohydrins with excellent conversions and enantiomeric excess. Among the different biocatalysts tested, ADHs from Rhodococcus ruber (ADH‐A), Ralstonia sp. (RasADH), Lactobacillus brevis (LBADH), and PR2ADH proved to be the most efficient ones in terms of activity and stereoselectivity. In a further study, two racemic α‐substituted ketones, namely α‐bromo‐ α‐chloro‐ and α‐chloro‐α‐fluoroacetophenone were investigated to obtain one of the four possible diastereoisomers through a dynamic kinetic process. In the case of the brominated derivative, only the (1R)‐enantiomer was obtained by using ADH‐A, although with moderate diastereomeric excess (>99 % ee, 63 % de), whereas the fluorinated ketone exhibited a lower stereoselectivity (up to 45 % de).
Hierarchical Mesoporous SnO Microspheres as High Capacity Anode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Su Dawei , Xie Xiuqiang , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: February 2014

AbstractMesoporous SnO microspheres were synthesised by a hydrothermal method using NaSO4 as the morphology directing agent. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analyses showed that SnO microspheres consist of nanosheets with a thickness of about 20 nm. Each nanosheet contains a mesoporous structure with a pore size of approximately 5 nm. When applied as anode materials in Na‐ion batteries, SnO microspheres exhibited high reversible sodium storage capacity, good cyclability and a satisfactory high rate performance. Through ex situ XRD analysis, it was found that Na+ ions first insert themselves into SnO crystals, and then react with SnO to generate crystalline Sn, followed by Na–Sn alloying with the formation of crystalline NaSn2 phase. During the charge process, there are two slopes corresponding to the de‐alloying of Na–Sn compounds and oxidisation of Sn, respectively. The high sodium storage capacity and good electrochemical performance could be ascribed to the unique hierarchical mesoporous architecture of SnO microspheres.
Phosphine‐Catalyzed Domino Reactions: A Route to Functionalized Bicyclic Skeletons
Authors: Li Erqing , Huang You 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA novel strategy that involves phosphine‐catalyzed sequential [2+3] and [3+2] annulation reactions was developed. In this domino reaction, γ‐substituted allenoates were used as novel C4 synthons, and the bicyclic cyclopenta[b]dihydrofuran derivatives were produced in good to excellent diastereoselectivities and yields under mild conditions. Furthermore, preliminary studies on an asymmetric variant of this reaction proceeded with moderate enantioselectivity.
Molecular Dyads Comprising Metalloporphyrin and Alkynylplatinum(II) Polypyridine Terminal Groups for Use as a Sensitizer in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Kwok Eric Chi‐Ho , Chan Mei‐Yee , Wong Keith Man‐Chung , Yam Vivian Wing‐Wah 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA new class of molecular dyads comprising metalloporphyrin‐linked alkynylplatinum(II) polypyridine complexes with carboxylic acids as anchoring groups has been designed and synthesized. These complexes can sensitize nanocrystalline TiO2 in dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC) studies. The photophysical, electrochemical, and luminescence properties of the complexes were studied and their excited‐state properties were investigated by nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, with the charge‐separated [Por.−{(CC)Pt(tBu3tpy)}.+] state observed upon excitation. Excited‐state redox potentials were determined; the electrochemical data supports the capability of the complexes to inject an electron into the conduction band of TiO2. The complexes sensitize nanocrystalline TiO2 and exhibited photovoltaic properties, as characterized by current–voltage measurements under illumination of air mass 1.5 G sunlight (100 mWcm−2). A DSSC based on one of the complexes showed a short‐circuit photocurrent of 10.1 mAcm−2, an open‐circuit voltage of 0.64 V, and a fill factor of 0.52, giving an overall power conversion efficiency of 3.4 %.
Diblock‐Copolymer‐Mediated Self‐Assembly of Protein‐Stabilized Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Clusters for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Tähkä Sari , Laiho Ari , Kostiainen Mauri A. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractSuperparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) can be used as efficient transverse relaxivity (T2) contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Organizing small (D<10 nm) SPIONs into large assemblies can considerably enhance their relaxivity. However, this assembly process is difficult to control and can easily result in unwanted aggregation and precipitation, which might further lead to lower contrast agent performance. Herein, we present highly stable protein–polymer double‐stabilized SPIONs for improving contrast in MRI. We used a cationic–neutral double hydrophilic poly(N‐methyl‐2‐vinyl pyridinium iodide‐block‐poly(ethylene oxide) diblock copolymer (P2QVP‐b‐PEO) to mediate the self‐assembly of protein‐cage‐encapsulated iron oxide (γ‐Fe2O3) nanoparticles (magnetoferritin) into stable PEO‐coated clusters. This approach relies on electrostatic interactions between the cationic N‐methyl‐2‐vinylpyridinium iodide block and magnetoferritin protein cage surface (pI≈4.5) to form a dense core, whereas the neutral ethylene oxide block provides a stabilizing biocompatible shell. Formation of the complexes was studied in aqueous solvent medium with dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cryogenic transmission electron microcopy (cryo‐TEM). DLS results indicated that the hydrodynamic diameter (Dh) of the clusters is approximately 200 nm, and cryo‐TEM showed that the clusters have an anisotropic stringlike morphology. MRI studies showed that in the clusters the longitudinal relaxivity (r1) is decreased and the transverse relaxivity (r2) is increased relative to free magnetoferritin (MF), thus indicating that clusters can provide considerable contrast enhancement.
Halide‐Free Diarylcalcium Complexes—Syntheses, Structures, and Stability
Authors: Langer Jens , Köhler Mathias , Görls Helmar , Westerhausen Matthias 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA general procedure was developed for the synthesis of diarylcalcium complexes by addition of KOtBu to arylcalcium iodides in THF. Intermediate arylcalcium tert‐butanolate dismutates immediately leading to insoluble tert‐butanolate precipitates of calcium. Depending on the steric demand and denticity of additional neutral aliphatic azabases, mononuclear or dinuclear complexes trans‐[Ca(α‐Naph)2(thf)4] (1), [Ca(β‐Naph)2(thf)4] (2), [Ca(Tol)2(tmeda)]2 (3), [Ca(Ph)2(tmeda)]2 (4), [Ca(Ph)2(pmdta)(thf)] (5), [Ca(hmteta)(Ph)2] (6), and [Ca([18]C‐6)(Ph)2] (7) were isolated (Naph=naphthyl; meda=N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethylenediamine; pmdta= N,N,N′,N′′,N′′‐pentamethyldiethylenetriamine; hmteta=N,N,N′,N′′,N′′′,N′′′‐hexamethyltriethylenetetramine). The CaC bond lengths vary between 250.8 and 263.5 pm, the ipso‐carbon atoms show low‐field‐shifted resonances in the 13C NMR spectra.
Selective Synthesis of Functionalized Trifluoromethylated Pyrrolidines, Piperidines, and Azepanes Starting from 1‐Tosyl‐2‐(trifluoromethyl)aziridine
Authors: Dolfen Jeroen , Kenis Sara , Van Hecke Kristof , De Kimpe Norbert , D'hooghe Matthias 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThis paper reports on the generation and alkylation of the 1‐tosyl‐2‐(trifluoromethyl)aziridin‐2‐yl anion with ω,ω′‐dihaloalkanes, followed by a novel ring‐expansion protocol toward 2‐CF3‐pyrrolidines, 2‐CF3‐piperidines, and 3‐CF3‐azepanes. A variety of halogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon nucleophiles was used to trigger this ring rearrangement, resulting in CF3‐azaheterocycles bearing different types of functionalized side chains.
Unusual Nitrile–Nitrile and Nitrile–Alkyne Coupling of FcCN and FcCCCN
Authors: Becker Lisanne , Strehler Frank , Korb Marcus , Arndt Perdita , Spannenberg Anke , Baumann Wolfgang , Lang Heinrich , Rosenthal Uwe 
Published: February 2014

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Uwe Rosenthal at Leibniz Institute for Catalysis (LIKAT Rostock) and the group of Heinrich Lang at the Technische Universität Chemnitz. The image depicts five coupling possibilities of alkynes and nitriles at metallocenes. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201304478.
Chiroptical Study and Absolute Configuration of (−)–O‐DMA Produced From Daidzein Metabolism
Authors: Kim Mihyang , Han Jaehong 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTTo elucidate the hitherto unknown absolute configuration of (−)–O‐desmethylangolensin ((−)–O‐DMA), an intestinal bacterial metabolite produced from daidzein, chiroptical study, including specific optical rotation and electronic circular dichroism (ECD), of (R)–O‐DMA was carried out by Time‐Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD‐DFT) calculations. Intramolecular hydrogen bonding between 2’–OH and carbonyl oxygen at 1‐C of O‐DMA was a governing factor for O‐DMA to form the stable conformations. Total energy values of four possible conformers were calculated in the framework of DFT using the B3LYP exchange correlation functional at the 6‐31++G basis set level. The theoretical specific rotation and ECD spectra of all conformers in ethanol were obtained by TD‐DFT calculation using B3LYP functional at the 6‐311++G basis set level, and compared to the experimental data. Chiroptical properties of (R)–O‐DMA showed a good agreement with the biological (−)–O‐DMA. Therefore, the stereospecific biosynthetic pathway of (−)–O‐DMA was proposed as daidzein → (R)‐dihydrodaidzein ↔ (S)‐dihydrodaizein → (R)–O‐DMA. Chirality 26:434–437, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Study on the Geo‐Electric Field Variation of Sichuan Lushan MS7.0 and Wenchuan MS8.0 Earthquake
Authors: Zhang‐Hui AN , Xue‐Bin DU , Da‐Cheng TAN , Ying‐Ying FAN , Jun LIU , Teng‐Fa CUI 
Published: February 2014

AbstractApplying the data of geo‐electric field observation stations surrounding the epicenter of Sichuan Lushan Ms7.0 and Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake, mainly using electric field waveform comparison and polarization orientation changes of two kinds of methods, and combining the observation log of stations, we study and analyze the data of the geo‐electric field station before the two earthquakes and conclude that, the anomalous waveform variation before the Lushan Ms7.0 and Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake showed mainly two forms: diurnal waveform distortion (such as Yanyuan station and Lugu Hu station) and the change of geo‐electric field frequency spectrum characteristics in the corresponding time, and these variations basically appeared in 1∼2 months before the earthquake. Using the daily mean value of geo‐electric field observed by part of stations around the epicenter of two earthquakes, we calculated the polarization of geo‐electric field before two earthquakes, and found a sharp change in the polarization direction before the earthquake, the largest change was 160°, and the minimum change was 10°. A preliminary study also found that, before the two earthquakes, the intersection region of the forward or reverse extension line of polarization orientation and the epicenter seem to have some sort of connection. For the results obtained in this study, a tentative theoretical explanation was given based on the generation mechanism of seismic electric signals and the focal mechanism of the two earthquakes.
On Near‐Fault Ground Motion Characteristics Through Multi‐Scale Method
Authors: Guo‐Chen ZHAO , Long‐Jun XU , Li‐Li XIE 
Published: February 2014

AbstractGround motion recorded in near‐fault regions that possesses long‐period pulse is a special destructive ground motion. For further research on the constituent of low‐frequency component and its pulse characteristics, a decomposition method based on multi‐scale analysis method in wavelet theory is proposed. Accordingly, an intact ground motion can be decomposed into multiple components having different frequency contents. Firstly, the validity and accuracy of this decomposition method are elaborated in three aspects which are the frequency domain, time domain and the dynamic response. Secondly, a suite of 53 typical near‐fault ground motions recorded from 12 recent major earthquakes are decomposed through this method, then a total of 266 ground motion components are obtained. Thirdly, a quantitative statistical study of the variation of the long period components contained in near‐fault ground motions with the impact of site and rupture distance is carried out in this paper. Lastly, predominant component is used as the simplified model of dominant pulse, and the variation of velocity amplitude and pulse period with the impact of magnitude and rupture distance is presented. It is concluded that: the period of the component which is the main ingredient of near‐fault ground motions is within 0.2∼2 s; the long‐period component contained in soil ground motions is richer than in rocks; in near‐fault area where the rupture distance is 0∼15 km, the proportion of the long period component decreases along with rupture distance increase; PGVp, the velocity amplitude of predominant component, is about 0.6 times of PGV, the velocity amplitude of original ground motion, and a clear linear relation is found between them; PGVp decreases as rupture distance increases, and will be larger in great earthquakes; logarithm of the pulse periods Tp increases linearly as magnitude increases.
Characteristics and Mechanisms of Rock Magnetic Enhancement in Underground Coal Spontaneous Combustion Areas—Examples of the Wuda Coal Mine of Inner Mongolia and Rujigou Coal Mine in Ningxia
Authors: Sheng‐Qing XIONG , Chang‐Chun YU 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe temperature experiment and lithologic analysis were conducted on the samples obtained in the underground coal spontaneous combustion areas to study the mechanisms how rock magnetism changes with temperature. The samples were tested at different temperatures to analyze the characteristics and changing rules of the magnetic value, iron‐containing oxide percentage and structure. The results show that temperature change can cause variation of magnetism, which is very small below 400°C, and increases with temperature before it reaching the Curie temperature. Magnetism of the samples vanishes when the temperature is beyond the Curie temperature. Magnetism of samples increases obviously when they are cooled below the Curie temperature, and is higher than being heated before. The changes of magnetism are primarily related with mineral content and structure in iron‐containing oxides, such as pyrite, hematite, siderite, and limonite. The content of ferromagnetic mineral in rock samples increases obviously by heating samples to 700°C and cooling it to normal temperature. The structure of mineral is variable in the experiment and the size of particle is smaller than the before as well. Generally, the particle size is 10∼150 μm which belongs to multi‐domain structure (MD), some of which belongs to single‐domain structure. The main reason for magnetism enhancement is that new ferromagnetic minerals (pyrite, hematite, siderite, limonite etc.) are created from few iron‐contained minerals when the temperature is increased. The research results above are significant to explain magnetic anomalies in coal spontaneous combustion areas.
National trends in prostate cancer screening among older American men with limited 9‐year life expectancies: Evidence of an increased need for shared decision making
Authors: Drazer Michael W. , Prasad Sandip M. , Huo Dezheng , Schonberg Mara A. , Dale William , Szmulewitz Russell Z. , Eggener Scott E. 
Published: February 2014

BACKGROUNDProstate‐specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer remains controversial. Most groups recommend informed decision making for men with 10 years of remaining life expectancy. The primary objective of this observational cohort study was to investigate the association between predicted 9‐year mortality and prostate cancer screening among American men aged ≥65 years in 2005 and 2010. The second objective was to analyze the proportions of men who discussed screening with their physicians.METHODSData were extracted from the 2005 and 2010 National Health Interview Surveys. Men aged ≥65 years without prostate cancer were divided into predicted 9‐year mortality quartiles. The proportions of men confirming a screening PSA within the prior year were determined. Logistic regression was used to compare screening rates.RESULTSScreening rates for men aged ≥65 years were 48% in 2005 and 48% in 2010 (P = .9). Men ages 65 to 74 years who had <27% predicted 9‐year mortality were most commonly screened, with 56% screened in 2010, compared with 34% of men aged ≥75 years with >75% predicted 9‐year mortality. Approximately 55% of screened men aged ≥75 years who had ≥53% predicted 9‐year mortality recalled discussing the advantages of screening, whereas 25% recalled discussing the disadvantages.CONCLUSIONSProstate cancer screening with PSA did not differ significantly between 2005 and 2010 for men aged ≥65 years based on predicted 9‐year mortality. Approximately 33% of older men with a high likelihood of 9‐year mortality were screened despite minimal clinical benefit. Twice as many men recalled discussing the potential advantages of screening compared with the disadvantages. Cancer 2014;120:1491–1498. © 2014 American Cancer Society.