bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Commendable Sensitivity and Specificity for MSI in Colorectal Cancer by a New PCR‐HRM Based 8‐Loci MSI Assay
Authors: Xiang Xueping , Ma Xiaojing , Ying Linlin , Zou Hong 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study evaluated the performance of the PCR‐HRM assay by comparing it with immunohistochemistry (IHC) for mismatch repair (MMR) proteins and the PCR capillary electrophoresis (PCR‐CE) methods.ResultsA total of 224 patients with colorectal cancer participated in the study, with nearly half having mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) tissues and the remainder possessing pMMR tissues. There was a 97.77% concordance between the PCR‐HRM assay and IHC, and a 97.56% concordance between PCR‐HRM and the PCR‐CE assay. In comparison with IHC for dMMR proteins, the PCR‐HRM demonstrated a sensitivity of 96.36% and a specificity of 99.12%. When juxtaposed with the PCR‐CE assay, its sensitivity was 98.96% and specificity stood at 96.33%. The mutations observed in the microsatellite loci were uniformly distributed across all eight loci. Discrepant outcomes were more frequent in instances of MLH1 and PMS2 deficiency. Furthermore, the germline mutation status of MLH1, MSH2, PMS2, and MSH6 in 62 patients was ascertained using next‐generation sequencing. All patients displaying MMR gene pathogenic mutations (N = 14) were identified as MSI‐H by PCR‐HRM, whereas those with MSS tissues (N = 43) did not exhibit MMR gene pathogenic mutations. Thus, the PCR‐HRM method proficiently pinpoints tumors with verified germline MMR mutations, indicative of Lynch syndrome.ConclusionConclusively, the PCR‐HRM assay emerges as a swift and congruent diagnostic tool for microsatellite instability, boasting commendable sensitivity and specificity in colorectal cancer.
Optimizing terminology for pancreatectomy: Introducing a new notation system
Authors: Yamane Kei , Nagai Kazuyuki , Anazawa Takayuki , Kasai Yosuke , Yoh Tomoaki , Ogiso Satoshi , Uchida Yoichiro , Ito Takashi , Ishii Takamichi , Hatano Etsuro 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe introduce a novel notation system for pancreatectomy designed to provide a clear and concise representation of surgical procedures. As surgical techniques and the scope of pancreatic surgeries continue to diversify, existing communication methods among medical professionals regarding the specifics of the surgeries have proven inadequate. Our proposed notation system clearly indicates the approach (open, laparoscopic, or robot‐assisted), type of surgery (e.g., pancreatoduodenectomy, distal pancreatectomy), and extent of resection and accompanying resected organs or vasculature. These elements are all recorded in this order by using abbreviations. For example, a pancreatoduodenectomy with pancreatic transection just above the SMA and combined resection of the SMV would be noted as “OPD(hb')‐SMV”. This new notation system allows for concise expression of the essential information on performed procedures of pancreatic resection, leading to smooth information sharing. This initiative is an essential step towards standardizing pancreatic surgery documentation on a global scale. Here, we present the development and application of this system, highlighting its potential to transform surgical communication and documentation.
Exploring the experiences of sonography students with simulation‐based learning: A perspective from South Africa
Authors: Schwartz Geordean , Naidoo Kathleen , Isaacs Ferial 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionSimulation‐based learning (SBL) is widely used in healthcare education to provide a safe environment for students to practice clinical scenarios without causing patient harm. While established in developed countries, SBL's implementation is new in South Africa; there is a lack of research addressing sonography students' experiences. This study aimed to explore and describe the experiences of Bachelor of Science (BSc) second‐year sonography students using SBL for clinical training at a local University of Technology (UoT).MethodAn exploratory, qualitative and descriptive research study was conducted in 2020, with virtual one‐on‐one interviews due to COVID‐19 restrictions. Eight BSc second‐year sonography students, who had undergone SBL in their first year, participated. Data saturation was achieved, and interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim.ResultsThematic analysis revealed three themes: (1) Enhancing preparedness for the clinical environment, (2) Limitations of the tissue‐equivalent phantom and (3) Suggestions for improving simulation. While students expressed positive feedback and enjoyment of the simulation tool, they also highlighted limitations, such as unrealistic representations of real patient scanning conditions.ConclusionThis study provides valuable insights into sonography students' experiences with SBL. Positive influence of SBL on clinical training was observed. To enhance SBL for future sonography students, consideration for high‐fidelity simulators with advanced software is recommended. Funding options to invest in such simulators should be explored by radiography educators to promote more realistic training experiences.
Tandem mass spectrometry of π‐expanded triphenylamine and N‐heterotriangulene scaffolds: Radical cation versus silver(I) adduct
Authors: Kinzelmann Marina , Fröhlich Nina , Vogel Alexander , Kivala Milan , Drewello Thomas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTriphenylamine (TPA) and N‐heterotriangulene (N‐HTA) scaffolds with up to three oligophenyl extensions are investigated by electrospray ionization (tandem) mass spectrometry (ESI‐[MS/]MS). Due to their low oxidation potentials, all molecules readily form radical cations in the electrospray process. The energy‐resolved collision‐induced dissociation behaviour of the molecular ions is contrasted to that of the silver(I) adducts. Complexation with Ag(I) leads to the expected [1:1] and [2:1] complexes (MAg+ and M2Ag+); however, even [1:2] complexes (MAg22+) can be detected for molecules with two and three large π‐expansions to allow stabilization of two charges. The TPA scaffolds decompose only at high collision energies through the loss of peripheral tert‐butyl groups. A general mechanism for this is proposed commencing with a methyl loss and followed by the release of isobutene and butyl radical moieties. The N‐HTA‐based scaffolds are considerably less stable and molecular ions fragment at low collision energies. This is caused by the facile loss of methyl radicals from the dimethylmethylene‐bridged triangulene core. In contrast, complexation with Ag+ leads to a dramatic stabilization. Most interestingly, dissociation eventually proceeds via the loss of neutral AgCH3, which is indicative of strong bidentate, tweezer‐like bonding of Ag+ to the molecules.
The foot and ankle complex as a four degrees‐of‐freedom system: Kinematic coupling among the foot bones
Authors: Conconi Michele , Sancisi Nicola , Leardini Alberto , Belvedere Claudio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSeventy‐eight parameters are theoretically needed to describe the relative position and orientation of all the 14 bones in the foot and ankle with respect to a reference bone (foot posture). However, articular contacts and soft tissues introduce kinematic coupling, reducing the number of the foot degrees‐of‐freedom (DOF). This study aims at providing quantification and definition of these couplings. The foot posture was measured in vitro through a series of computed tomography scans, spanning the whole range of foot dorsi/plantar flexion and pronation/supination, also considering the effect of weightbearing. The envelope of foot postures was investigated by means of principal component analysis. The foot and ankle motion were well described with four principal sets of kinematic couplings, that is, synergies. One synergy covers the independent motion of the ankle, while three synergies describe the foot motion. The first foot synergy shows all the bones rotating approximatively about a common axis, mapping the foot abduction/adduction about the Chopart joint. The second foot synergy results in a spherical motion, whose center is located between lateral cuneiform and navicular bone, mapping the foot pronation/supination. The third foot synergy maps the opening of the foot arches during the load acceptance. The foot and ankle complex can thus be described as a four DOF system, whose motion is the result of the linear combination of four synergies. Significance: Synergies reveal the contribution of each bone to the three‐dimensional foot posture, providing a compact representation of the motion of the foot and ankle complex, improving the comprehension of its physiology.
Immediate single‐tooth implant placement in bony defect sites: A 10‐year randomized controlled trial
Authors: Meijer Henny J. A. , Slagter Kirsten W. , Gareb Barzi , Hentenaar Diederik F. M. , Vissink Arjan , Raghoebar Gerry M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundIt is unclear whether an intact buccal bony plate is a prerequisite for immediate implant placement in postextraction sockets. The aim of this 10‐year randomized controlled trial was to compare peri‐implant soft and hard tissue parameters, esthetic ratings of, and patient‐reported satisfaction with immediate implant placement in postextraction sockets with buccal bony defects ≥5 mm in the esthetic zone versus delayed implant placement after alveolar ridge preservation.MethodsPatients presenting a failing tooth in the esthetic region and a buccal bony defect ≥5 mm after an extraction were randomly assigned to immediate (Immediate Group, n = 20) or delayed (Delayed Group, n = 20) implant placement. The second‐stage surgery and provisional restoration placement occurred 3 months after implant placement in both groups, followed by definitive restorations 3 months thereafter. During a 10‐year follow‐up period, marginal bone levels (primary outcome), buccal bone thickness, soft tissue parameters, esthetics, and patient‐reported satisfaction were recorded.ResultsThe mean marginal bone level change was −0.71 ± 0.59 mm and −0.36 ± 0.39 mm in the Immediate Group and the Delayed Group after 10 years (p = 0.063), respectively. The secondary outcomes were not significantly different between both groups.ConclusionsMarginal bone level changes, buccal bone thickness, clinical outcomes, esthetics, and patients’ satisfaction following immediate implant placement, in combination with bone augmentation in postextraction sockets with buccal bony defects ≥5 mm, were not statistically different to those following delayed implant placement after ridge preservation in the esthetic zone.Plain language summaryImmediate implant placement in case of a failing tooth is a favorable treatment option for patients because it considerably shortens treatment time and the number of surgical treatments. The question is if an intact buccal bone wall is necessary for immediate implant placement. A 10‐year study was performed in which 20 patients with a failing tooth in the frontal region of the upper jaw were treated with immediate implant placement and were compared with 20 patients in whom a more conventional treatment strategy was followed in which the failing tooth was first removed and the bone gap restored and the implant placed in a second step. After a 10‐year follow‐up period, it appeared that the bone around the implant was very stable, gums were healthy, and patients were very satisfied with the result. There was no difference between the two treatment procedures. Such results mean that professionals can discuss the procedure with the patient and apply the individual's preference.
Raman spectroscopy – a visit to the literature on plant, food, and agricultural studies
Authors: Lemes Ernane Miranda 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRaman spectroscopy, a fast, non‐invasive, and label‐free optical technique, has significantly advanced plant and food studies and precision agriculture by providing detailed molecular insights into biological tissues. Utilizing the Raman scattering effect generates unique spectral fingerprints that comprehensively analyze tissue composition, concentration, and molecular structure. These fingerprints are obtained without chemical additives or extensive sample preparation, making Raman spectroscopy particularly suitable for in‐field applications. Technological enhancements such as surface‐enhanced Raman scattering, Fourier‐transform‐Raman spectroscopy, and chemometrics have increased Raman spectroscopy sensitivity and precision. These and other advancements enable real‐time monitoring of compound translocation within plants and improve the detection of chemical and biological contaminants, essential for food safety and crop optimization. Integrating Raman spectroscopy into agronomic practices is transformative and marks a shift toward more sustainable farming activities. It assesses crop quality – as well as the quality of the food that originated from crop production – early plant stress detection and supports targeted breeding programs. Advanced data processing techniques and machine learning integration efficiently handle complex spectral data, providing a dynamic and detailed view of food conditions and plant health under varying environmental and biological stresses. As global agriculture faces the dual challenges of increasing productivity and sustainability, Raman spectroscopy stands out as an indispensable tool, enhancing farming practices' precision, food safety, and environmental compatibility. This review is intended to select and briefly comment on outstanding literature to give researchers, students, and consultants a reference for works of literature in Raman spectroscopy mainly focused on plant, food, and agronomic sciences. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Virtual and augmented reality: Human sensory‐perceptual requirements and trends for immersive spatial computing experiences
Authors: Bhowmik Achintya K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBuilding on several decades of research and development, the recent progress in virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) devices with spatial computing technologies marks a significant leap in human–computer interaction, with applications ranging from entertainment and education to e‐commerce and healthcare. Advances in these technologies promise immersive experiences by simulating and augmenting the real world with computer‐generated digital content. The core objective of the VR and AR systems is to create convincing human sensory perceptions, thereby creating immersive and interactive experiences that bridge the gap between virtual and physical realities. However, achieving true immersion remains a goal, and it necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the neuroscience of human multisensory perception and accurate technical implementations to create a consistency between natural and synthetic sensory cues. This paper reviews the human sensory‐perceptual requirements vital for achieving such immersion, examines the current status and challenges, and discusses potential future advancements.
Analysis of the expression of cytokines and chemokines, platelet‐leukocyte aggregates, sCD40L and sCD62P in cutaneous melanoma
Authors: Santos Rogerio Luiz dos , Martins Mário R. , Tavares Valéria Lobo , Neto João Pedreira Duprat , Torres Leuridan Cavalcante 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous melanoma (CM) is a malignancy with a variable incidence worldwide and a poor advanced‐stage prognosis. Melanoma growth is closely associated with the immune system.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was performed on CM patients admitted at the Hospital de Cancer de Pernambuco (HCP) between 2015 and 2018. Fifty‐one CM patients were included, and 30 healthy individuals. The study aimed to evaluate the association of platelet activation mechanisms and inflammatory response in patients with cutaneous melanoma.ResultsElevated serum IL10 and low serum TNF levels in CM patients compared to controls (p < 0.05). High IL6 levels in patients with negative lymph nodes LN (−) compared to positive lymph nodes group (LN +, p = 0.0005). Low RANTES levels in patients compared to controls (p < 0.05). Elevated levels of platelet‐lymphocyte (PLA), platelet‐monocytes (PMA), and platelet‐neutrophils (PNA) aggregates were observed in patients compared to controls (p < 0.05). CM patients with stage II had lower PMA levels than stages I and III (p < 0.05). High PMA levels were observed in patients with LN (+) compared to the LN (‐) group (p < 0.0001). Patients with SSM had high levels of sCD40L and sCD62P compared to controls (p < 0.05)). High sCD40L levels in stage II compared to the stage III group, and sCD62P in stages I and II compared to the stage III group (p < 0.05). High sCD62P levels in patients with LN (‐) compared to the group LN (+) (p < 0.05).ConclusionIt was observed the immunosuppressive profile in CM may favor tumor progression. High levels of platelet‐leukocyte aggregates, sCD40L, and sCD62P may be associated with the worst prognosis.
FUTURE‐PROOFING ORGANIZATIONS WITH CONSCIOUS LEADERSHIP
Authors: Wallace Natasha 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe author, who is the founder and CEO of the Conscious Leadership Company, notes that the purpose of the article is “to help organizations navigate the complexities of the changed work environment and to lay down clear actions that catalyze sustained performance and innovation. It is designed to serve as guidance for organizations aiming to not just survive but thrive in this new era, setting themselves apart as leaders within their industry.” She discusses empathy, flexibility, and well‐being; within the latter, stating, “Leaders must create an environment where employees feel supported, valued, and understood.” She discusses the principles of high‐performing teams, and outlines conscious leadership, which she describes as a “new paradigm.” For teams, “leaders cultivate self‐efficacy by encouraging open dialogue and showing receptiveness to new ideas and feedback – they enable the team to believe in itself and the people within it.” The benefits of conscious leadership include enhanced team performance, employee well‐being, and organizational resilience. Challenges addressed are burnout prevention, shifting mindsets, resistance to change, and tackling problems head‐on. She concludes that the article “underscored the importance of trust, diversity, psychological safety, and the five core capabilities of Conscious Leadership – Togetherness, Growth, Awareness, Resilience, and Purpose.”
Corrosion protection investigations of oxide‐silane composite coating on hot dip aluminized steel
Authors: Liu Zhong‐Xia , Shi Lei , Jiang Ai‐Yun , Liu Jian‐Xiu , Zhang Bao‐Feng , Zhou Ya‐Jun , Zhang Guo‐Peng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe hot dip aluminized ASTM 1035 steels (Al‐coated steel) underwent anodic oxidization, and various thicknesses of Al2O3 coating were applied to the surface of the Al‐coated steels (Al–Al2O3‐coated steel). The corrosion resistance of the Al–Al2O3‐coated steel was investigated using potentiodynamic tests, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests and measurement of galvanic current density in a bimetallic cell. It was found that the anodic oxidation resulted in the formation of a porous Al2O3 coating on the surface of the Al‐coated steel, improving both its corrosion resistance and galvanic corrosion resistance when coupled with carbon fiber reinforced nylon 6 composite (Cf/PA6). Silane treatment effectively sealed the pores within the Al2O3 coating, resulting in improved corrosion protection for Al–Al2O3‐coated steel due to the exceptional insulation, impermeability and hydrophobic properties of silane coating. Compared to the Al‐coated steel/carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) couple and Al–Al2O3‐coated steel/CFRP couple, stable galvanic current density decreased by approximately 75% and 45%, respectively.
Ubiquitin‐specific protease 22 controls melanoma metastasis and vulnerability to ferroptosis through targeting SIRT1/PTEN/PI3K signaling
Authors: Sun Huiyan , Meng Yu , Yao Lei , Du Songtao , Li Yayun , Zhou Qian , Liu Yihuang , Dian Yating , Sun Yuming , Wang Xiaomin , Liang Xiao‐wei , Deng Guangtong , Chen Xiang , Zeng Furong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMetastasis is a major contributing factor that affects the prognosis of melanoma patients. Nevertheless, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in melanoma metastasis are not yet entirely understood. Here, we identified ubiquitin‐specific protease 22 (USP22) as a pro‐oncogenic protein in melanoma through screening the survival profiles of 52 ubiquitin‐specific proteases (USPs). USP22 demonstrates a strong association with poor clinical outcomes and is significantly overexpressed in melanoma. Ablation of USP22 expression remarkably attenuates melanoma migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition in vitro and suppresses melanoma metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, USP22 controls melanoma metastasis through the SIRT1/PTEN/PI3K pathway. In addition, we conducted an United States Food and Drug Administration‐approved drug library screening and identified topotecan as a clinically applicable USP22‐targeting molecule by promoting proteasomal degradation of USP22. Finally, we found that both pharmacological and genetic silence of USP22 sensitize RSL3‐induced ferroptosis through suppressing the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and its downstream SCD, and ferroptosis inhibitor could partly rescued the decreased lung metastasis by topotecan in vivo. Overall, our findings reveal a prometastatic role of USP22 and identify topotecan as a potent USP22‐targeting drug to limit melanoma metastasis.
Transcranial Temporal Interference Stimulation of the Right Globus Pallidus in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Yang Chenhao , Xu Yongxin , Feng Xiaofan , Wang Bowen , Du Yichao , Wang Kexin , Lü Jiaojiao , Huang Lingyan , Qian Zhenyu , Wang Zhen , Chen Nan , Zhou Junhong , Zhang Chencheng , Liu Yu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundInvasive deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been shown to be effective in treating patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), yet its clinical use is limited to patients at the advanced stage of the disease. Transcranial temporal interference stimulation (tTIS) may be a novel nonneurosurgical and safer alternative, yet its therapeutic potential remains unexplored.ObjectiveThis pilot study aims to examine the feasibility and safety of tTIS targeting the right globus pallidus internus (GPi) for motor symptoms in patients with PD.MethodsTwelve participants with mild PD completed this randomized, double‐blind, and sham‐controlled experiment. Each of them received either 20‐minute or sham tTIS of the right GPi. Before and immediately after the stimulation, participants completed the Movement Disorder Society‐Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS‐UPDRS‐III) in the “medication‐on” state to assess the motor symptoms. The blinding efficacy and side effects were also assessed.ResultstTIS was well tolerated by participants, with only mild, transient adverse effects reported. tTIS significantly reduced MDS‐UPDRS‐III scores by 6.64 points (14.7%), particularly in bradykinesia (23.5%) and tremor (15.3%). The left side showed more significant alleviation in motor symptoms, particularly bradykinesia, compared to the right side. Participants with severer bradykinesia and tremor before stimulation experienced greater improvement after tTIS.ConclusionThis pilot study suggests that the tTIS, as a novel noninvasive DBS approach, is feasible and safe for alleviating motor symptoms in mild PD, especially bradykinesia and tremor. Future larger‐scale and more definitive studies are needed to confirm the benefits. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.