bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energieoptimierte Gebäudehüllen in Stahlleichtbauweise für den Industrie‐ und Gewerbebau
Authors: Feldmann Markus , Kuhnhenne Markus , Brieden Matthias , Pyschny Dominik , Rexroth Susanne , Deininger Florian , Hachul Helmut , Bach Janine , Rößling Heike , Ummenhofer Thomas , Fauth Christian 
Published: July 2014

AbstractGebäudehüllen für den Industrie‐ und Gewerbebau bergen ein großes, bisher relativ unbeachtetes Potential der Energieeinsparung auf dem Bausektor. Da hier der Großteil von Dach und Wand aus Bauelementen aus Stahlfeinblech hergestellt wird, liegt es nahe, Forschung und Entwicklung dieser Elemente weiter zu treiben, und zwar auf der energetisch passiven wie auch auf der aktiven Seite. Auf der passiven Seite sind die Energie‐ und Wärmeverluste zu minimieren. Hier werden die bauphysikalischen Eigenschaften der Konstruktionen im Hinblick auf Verbesserungsmöglichkeiten von Wärmeschutz, Feuchteschutz und Luftdichtheit hin untersucht. Dabei liegt ein besonderer Schwerpunkt auf der integralen Betrachtung der wechselseitigen bauphysikalischen Abhängigkeiten. Demgegenüber werden auf der aktiven Seite die Möglichkeiten der gewinnbringenden Nutzung der auf die Gebäudehülle auftreffenden solaren Einstrahlung untersucht. Im Vordergrund steht in diesem Zusammenhang die Integration von solarthermischer und photovoltaischer Technologie in Bauteilsysteme des Stahlleichtbaus. Die sich ergebenden Eingriffe in die bestehenden Konstruktionen sind wiederum Gegenstand weiterer bauphysikalischer Untersuchungen. Abschließend wird die Bewertung der erzielten Qualität der Gebäudehülle anhand von Nachhaltigkeitskriterien durchgeführt.Energy‐optimized building envelopes in steel for industrial and commercial buildings. Envelopes for industrial buildings provide a considerable potential of energy saving on the construction sector. A large amount of roofing and walling is being produced of elements of thin steel sheeting. The need for research and development is apparent, the topics of which can be ordered to a passive and an active side. On the passive side the energy and heat losses are to be reduced. In order to improve the thermal insulation, moisture protection and air tightness performance the building physical properties of the constructions are investigated. A particular focus is on the integral consideration of the mutual dependencies of building physics. Researches on the active side deal with the options of profitable use of the solar irradiation that hit the building envelope. In this context, the integration of solar thermal and photovoltaic technology in building systems in steel is the main aspect. Against this background, the resulting interventions in the existing structures again are the subject to further investigations. Finally, an evaluation of the achieved quality of the building envelope is carried out with respect to sustainability criteria.
Leptin Signaling Is Required for Augmented Therapeutic Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Conferred by Hypoxia Preconditioning
Authors: Hu Xinyang , Wu Rongrong , Jiang Zhi , Wang Lihan , Chen Panpan , Zhang Ling , Yang Lu , Wu Yan , Chen Han , Chen Huiqiang , Xu Yinchuan , Zhou Yu , Huang Xin , Webster Keith A. , Yu Hong , Wang Jian’an 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Hypoxia preconditioning enhances the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, the mechanism underlying hypoxia-induced augmentation of the protective effect of MSCs on myocardial infarction (MI) is poorly understood. We show that hypoxia-enhanced survival, mobility, and protection of cocultured cardiomyocytes were paralleled by increased expression of leptin and cell surface receptor CXCR4. The enhanced activities were abolished by either knockdown of leptin with a selective shRNA or by genetic deficiency of leptin or its receptor in MSCs derived, respectively, from ob/ob or db/db mice. To characterize the role of leptin in the regulation of MSC functions by hypoxia and its possible contribution to enhanced therapeutic efficacy, cell therapy using MSCs derived from wild-type, ob/ob, or db/db mice was implemented in mouse models of acute MI. Augmented protection by hypoxia pretreatment was only seen with MSCs from wild-type mice. Parameters that were differentially affected by hypoxia pretreatment included MSC engraftment, c-Kit+ cell recruitment to the infarct, vascular density, infarct size, and long-term contractile function. These data show that leptin signaling is an early and essential step for the enhanced survival, chemotaxis, and therapeutic properties of MSCs conferred by preculture under hypoxia. Leptin may play a physiological role in priming MSCs resident in the bone marrow endosteum for optimal response to systemic signaling molecules and subsequent tissue repair. Stem Cells 2014;32:2702–2713
Teaching for Transfer in the Common Core Era
Authors: Dewitz Peter , Graves Michael F. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe goal of the Common Core State Standards, college and career readiness, is dependent of teaching for transfer ‐ the ability to apply the knowledge, skills and disposition learned in one context to another or future context. In this article we discuss the types of transfer, automatic application or deliberate conscious application. We then discuss what teachers can do to insure that students will transfer what they learn to new and future contexts.
Predicting wind power variability events using different statistical methods driven by regional atmospheric model output
Authors: Ellis Nick , Davy Robert , Troccoli Alberto 
Published: July 2014

AbstractVariability in power generation from wind farms is an important issue in the energy industry. If sub‐hour variability events can be predicted, potential disruptions to the grid operations might be mitigated. Using 4 years of 5 min wind power data from the Australian Energy Market Operator for an 80 MW wind farm in south‐east Australia, we fit statistical models of variability on meteorological reanalysis data from the US National Centers for Environmental Prediction. The National Centers for Environmental Prediction fields were transformed into spatial empirical orthogonal functions, and 6 h projections onto these became explanatory covariates for generalized linear, random forest (RF), gradient boosting and support vector machine classification models. Other covariates considered were local wind speed and 6 h‐lagged empirical orthogonal function differences. Models were selected by minimizing cross‐validated misclassification rate and assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and reliability score. Considering performance and ease of tuning, RFs were preferred. Performance was poorer for larger ramps. The RFs accurately predicted their performance on the validation set. For asymmetric costs (miss‐to‐false alarm cost ratio = 10), RFs yielded competitive low‐cost models. Support vector machines produced slightly superior models but needed to be tuned manually. RF models using atmospheric model output provide a robust approach to predicting wind power variability and relatively large ramp events. We recommend the RF models as a practical and skilful method to feed into an early warning system for energy/electricity operators. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The destiny of Ca2+ released by mitochondria
Authors: Takeuchi Ayako , Kim Bongju , Matsuoka Satoshi 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Mitochondrial Ca2+ is known to regulate diverse cellular functions, for example energy production and cell death, by modulating mitochondrial dehydrogenases, inducing production of reactive oxygen species, and opening mitochondrial permeability transition pores. In addition to the action of Ca2+ within mitochondria, Ca2+ released from mitochondria is also important in a variety of cellular functions. In the last 5 years, the molecules responsible for mitochondrial Ca2+ dynamics have been identified: a mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU), a mitochondrial Na+–Ca2+ exchanger (NCLX), and a candidate for a mitochondrial H+–Ca2+ exchanger (Letm1). In this review, we focus on the mitochondrial Ca2+ release system, and discuss its physiological and pathophysiological significance. Accumulating evidence suggests that the mitochondrial Ca2+ release system is not only crucial in maintaining mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis but also participates in the Ca2+ crosstalk between mitochondria and the plasma membrane and between mitochondria and the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells co‐modified by TERT and BDNF: A novel neuroprotective therapy for neonatal hypoxic‐ischemic brain damage
Authors: Zhao Fengyan , Qu Yi , Liu Haiting , Du Baowen , Mu Dezhi 
Published: July 2014

AbstractHypoxic‐ischemic brain damage (HIBD), a leading cause of perinatal disability and death, has limited therapeutic options. Stem cell therapy has been demonstrated as a potential novel therapy for neurological disorders. Compared with other types of stem cells, umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (UCB‐MSCs) have several unique characteristics, such as a higher rate of cell proliferation and clonality. However, the limited life span of UCB‐MSCs hinders their clinical application. Therefore, efforts are urgently needed to circumvent this disadvantage. Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), which promotes cell proliferation and survival, plays a protective role in hypoxic‐ischemic (HI) brain injury. Thus, it is reasonable to propose that UCB‐MSCs modified by exogenous TERT expression might have a longer lifespan and increased viability. Moreover, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a neurotrophin that regulates development, regeneration, survival and maintenance of neurons, facilitates post‐injury recovery when administered by infusion or virus‐mediated delivery. Therefore, TERT‐ and BDNF‐modified UCB‐MSCs may have a longer lifespan and also maintain neural differentiation, thus promoting the recovery of neurological function following hypoxic‐ischemic brain damage (HIBD) and thereby representing a new effective strategy for HIBD in neonates.
Developmental profile of neurogenesis in prenatal human hippocampus: An immunohistochemical study
Authors: Yang Pengbo , Zhang Junfeng , Shi Hangyu , Zhang Jianshui , Xu Xi , Xiao Xinli , Liu Yong 
Published: July 2014

AbstractHippocampus has attracted the attention of the neuroscientists for its involvement in a wide spectrum of higher‐order brain functions and pathological conditions, especially its persistent neurogenesis in subgranular zone (SGZ). The development of hippocampus was intensively investigated on animals such as rodents. However, in prenatal human hippocampus, little information on the distribution of neural stem/progenitor cells, newly generated neurons and mature neurons is available and the timetable of a series of neurogenesis event is even more obscure. So in the present study, we aim at immunohistochemically providing more information on neurogenesis in prenatal human hippocampus from 9 weeks to 32 weeks of gestation. We found that the ki67‐positive cells were always detected in hippocampus from 9 weeks to 32 weeks, with a peak at 9 weeks in cornu ammonis (CA) or 14 weeks in dentate gyrus (DG). At 9 weeks the nestin‐expressing cells were distributed throughout the hippocampus, with concentrated immunoreactivity in intermediate zone (IZ), marginal zone (MZ), fimbria, and relatively sparse immunoreactivity in the ventricular zone (VZ) and hippocampal plate (HP). With development, the optical density (OD) and the number of nestin‐positive cells decreased gradually. At 32 weeks, there were relatively more nestin‐positive cells in DG than that in CA. About DCX‐positive cells, they displayed a similar distribution as nestin‐positive cells (immunoreactivity concentrated in IZ, MZ, fimbria and HP) and a dramatic decrease of OD or cell number density from 9 weeks on. NeuN‐positive cells, with small nuclei, were firstly found in MZ and subplate of hippocampus at 9 weeks. After 14 weeks, many NeuN‐positive cells extended from subplate into HP and the density of NeuN‐positive cells peaked at 22 weeks. That the immunoreactivity for NeuN was the strongest and the nuclei were the biggest at 32 weeks suggests that the neurons reach maturity gradually. Therefore this study provides an important timetable of neurogenesis in prenatal human hippocampus for the clinicians in neuroscience or pediatrics.
Evacuation of a Mental Health Center During a Forest Fire in Israel
Authors: Kreinin Anatoly , Shakera Tatiana , Sheinkman Ayala , Levi Tamar , Tal Vered , Polakiewicz Jacob 
Published: July 2014

AbstractTirat Carmel Mental Health Center was successfully evacuated in December 2010 during a ravaging forest fire in the nearby Carmel Mountains. A total of 228 patients were successfully evacuated from the center within 45 minutes. No fatalities or injuries associated with the evacuation occurred. We believe that the efficient functioning of the administrative and medical staff provides a replicable model that can contribute to the level of awareness and readiness of hospital staff members for natural and manmade disasters. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2014;0:1-5)
Positive associations between infections ofToxoplasma gondiiand seropositivity withAnisakis simplexin human patients suffering from chronic urticaria
Authors: Fernández-Fígares V. , Rodero M. , Valls A. , De Frutos C. , Daschner A. , Cuéllar C. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractToxoplasma gondiiis a food-borne and orofecal microorganism which produces chronic infection, and attempts have been made to prove its negative association with atopy in the context of the hygiene hypothesis.Anisakis simplexis a fish parasite associated with chronic urticaria (CU) in endemic regions. We analysed the relationship between both infectious agents in CU. We included 42 patients with chronic urticaria (18 patients with CU associated withA. simplexsensitization and 24 not sensitized CU patients). Patients were assessed for atopy by a skin prick test (SPT) against common aeroallergens and for respiratory symptoms.Anisakis simplexsensitization was assessed by SPT and specific IgE by CAP fluoro-enzyme immunoassay (CAP-FEIA). Anti-T. gondiiIgG levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). CU patients were analysed with respect toT. gondiiseropositivity,A. simplexsensitization, atopy and immigrant status. The seroprevalence ofT. gondiiwas 40.5% in CU patients and 42.1% in the control group. Immigrants were more frequently infected byT. gondii(41.2% versus 12%;P =0.036). Anti-T. gondiiIgG antibodies were associated with pastA. simplexparasitism (odds ratio 6.73;P =0.03) and independently with atopic sensitization (odds ratio 5.85;P =0.04). In CU patients,T. gondiihas no protective effect on atopic sensitization orA. simplexsensitization.
A longitudinal study of cortical changes and their cognitive correlates in patients followed up after first-episode psychosis
Authors: Gutiérrez-Galve L. , Chu E. M. , Leeson V. C. , Price G. , Barnes T. R. E. , Joyce E. M. , Ron M. A. 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundLoss of cortical volume in frontotemporal regions occurs in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and longitudinal studies have reported progressive brain volume changes at different stages of the disease, even if cognitive deficits remain stable over time. We investigated cortical changes in patients over the 2 years following their FEP and their associations with clinical and cognitive measures.MethodTwenty-seven patients after their FEP (20 with schizophrenia, seven with schizo-affective disorder) and 25 healthy controls matched for age and gender participated in this study. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed on a 1.5-T scanner both at baseline and after 2 years. Area and thickness of the cortex were measured using surface-based morphometry (SBM). Patients also underwent neuropsychological testing at these two time points.ResultsProgressive cortical thinning in the superior and inferior frontal and, to a lesser extent, superior temporal cortex was observed in patients. Cortical area remained constant. Cortical thinning was associated with duration of treatment at a trend level and was predicted by baseline measures of IQ and working memory. Cortical thinning occurred in the absence of clinical or cognitive deterioration.ConclusionsThe clinical implications of these cortical changes remain uncertain, but patients with less cognitive reserve may be more vulnerable to developing cortical abnormalities when exposed to medication or other disease-related biological factors.
Atmospheric deposition versus rock weathering in the control of streamwater chemistry in a tropical rain-forest catchment in Malaysian Borneo
Authors: Yamashita Naoyuki , Sase Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Ryo , Leong Kok-Peng , Hanapi Jamil Mohd , Uchiyama Shigeki , Urban Siniarovina , Toh Ying Ying , Muhamad Maznorizan , Gidiman Jikos , Chappell Nick A. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract:Uncertainty about the H+ buffering capacity in tropical rain forest limits our ability to predict the future effect of anthropogenic deposition on the streamwater chemistry. Export of major ions to the stream and the ion-fluxes via rainfall, throughfall, litter-leachate and soil-water pathways were observed to examine the source of streamwater nutrients in a small catchment in Sabah, Malaysia. The streamwater and the ion-fluxes were measured for 3.75 and 2 y, respectively, by collecting water twice a month and setting ion-exchange-resin columns. Streamwater pH ranged from 6.5 to 7.6 and was not sensitive to water discharge controlling base cations. The NO3−-N, Ca2+ and Mg2+ fluxes were low in atmospheric depositions (0.6, 0.5 and 0.3 kg ha−1 y−1, respectively) and markedly increased in the litter layer. The NO3−-N flux decreased drastically from subsoil (70 kg ha−1 y−1) to the stream (1.4 kg ha−1 y−1) whereas the Ca2+ and Mg2+ fluxes were not different between subsoil (38 and 18 kg ha−1 y−1) and stream (30 and 15 kg ha−1 y−1). Neutral pH in tropical streams was mainly due to the base cation leaching with deep chemical weathering in deeper strata, and a rapid decrease in NO3− leaching from the subsoil to the stream.
Tuberculosis in women from Pashtun region: an ecological study in Pakistan
Authors: SHAH S. K. , DOGAR O. F. , SIDDIQI K. 
Published: July 2014

SUMMARYIn general, tuberculosis (TB) is more common in men than women. However, for reasons currently not understood, women are 1·5–2 times more likely to report TB compared to men in Pashtun region (Afghanistan, adjacent provinces Pakistan and Iran). We explored whether or not gender disparity in TB notifications in the Pashtun region of Pakistan can be explained by Pashtun ethnicity. Using an ecological linear regression design, we estimated the effect of Pashtun ethnicity on female-to-male ratio (FMR) in TB notifications after adjusting for other determinants of women's health, in Pakistan. Districts with a high proportion of women of Pashtun ethnicity had a 44% (95% confidence interval 27–61) increase in FMR of notified TB cases compared to those with low proportions, after controlling for confounders. Genetic predisposition and distinct socio-cultural determinants could be possible causative factors. However, these hypotheses need further evaluation through rigorous longitudinal studies.
First polar body morphology affects potential development of porcine parthenogenetic embryo in vitro
Authors: Hu Junhe , Jin Chenzhong , Zheng Hui , Liu Qinyan , Zhu Wenbing , Zeng Zhi , Wu Juan , Wang Yang , Li Jie , Zhang Xuejiao , Liu Xianglin , Zhao Jian 
Published: July 2014

SummaryPrevious studies have reported that the first polar body (PB1) morphology reflects embryo development competence, but the effects of PB1 on porcine embryo development remain unknown. This study aims to determine whether the ability of porcine embryo development is related to oocytes’ PB1 in vitro. The distribution of type II cortical granules (CGs) of porcine matured oocytes in grade B PB1 is significantly greater compared with those in grades A and C PB1 (71.43% versus 52.46% and 50%; P < 0.05). The ratio of porcine parthenogenetic blastocysts and the mean cell number in each blastocyst in the group with grade B PB1 is significantly greater than that with grades A and C PB1 (30.81% vs. 19.02% and 15.15%; P < 0.05) and (36.67 versus 24.67, 28.67; P < 0.05), and no significant differences are found in the embryo cleavage for all groups (79.75%, 84.30%, and 78.18% in grades A, B, and C PB1; P > 0.05). The acetylation level of porcine embryos in the group with grade B PB1 is significantly greater compared with those in the other groups (P < 0.05), and is almost 2.5 times higher than that in grade A. Therefore, porcine oocytes with PB1 in grade B are more competitive in cytoplasmic maturation and further embryo development in vitro.
Spermatozoa isolated from cat testes retain their structural integrity as well as a developmental potential after refrigeration for up to 7 days
Authors: Buarpung Sirirak , Tharasanit Theerawat , Thongkittidilok Chommanart , Comizzoli Pierre , Techakumphu Mongkol 
Published: July 2014

SummaryThe objective of this study was to compare the efficiency of preservation media for isolated feline testicular spermatozoa as well as the concentrations of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on: (1) the membrane (sperm membrane integrity (SMI)) and DNA integrity of spermatozoa; and (2) the developmental potential of spermatozoa after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Isolated cat spermatozoa were stored in HEPES-M199 medium (HM) or Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS) at 4°C for up to 7 days. Results indicated that HM maintained a better SMI than DPBS throughout the storage periods (P > 0.05). When spermatozoa were stored in HM supplemented with BSA at different concentrations (4, 8 or 16 mg/ml), SMI obtained from HM containing 8 and 16 mg/ml BSA was higher than with 4 mg/ml BSA (P < 0.05). DNA integrity of spermatozoa stored in HM with 16 mg/ml BSA for 7 days was poorer than that of the fresh control, but the subsequent percentages of cleavage, morula, blastocyst produced by ICSI, as well as their average blastomere numbers of blastocysts, were similar (P > 0.05). In summary, cat spermatozoa immediately isolated from testicular tissue can be stored as a suspension in basic buffered medium at 4°C for up to 7 days. BSA supplementation into the medium improves membrane integrity of the spermatozoa during cold storage. Testicular spermatozoa stored in HM containing 16 mg/ml BSA retained full in vitro developmental potential after ICSI, similar to that of fresh controls even though DNA integrity had slightly declined.
Shining a light on fossil fuel subsidies at the WTO: how NGOs can contribute to WTO notification and surveillance
Authors: CASIER LIESBETH , FRASER ROBIN , HALLE MARK , WOLFE ROBERT 
Published: July 2014

AbstractFossil fuel subsidies undermine efforts to mitigate climate change, and they damage the trading system. Multilateral discussion is hampered by inconsistent definitions and incomplete data, which could increase the risks of WTO disputes. Members do not notify such subsidies as much as they should under the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (ASCM), which limits the usefulness of the SCM Committee. The reports of the Trade Policy Review Mechanism on individual countries and on the trading system draw on a wider range of sources, creating an opportunity for non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to provide the missing data from publicly available sources. We suggest a new template that could be used for such third-party notifications. The objective is to shine a light on all fossil fuel subsidies that cause market distortions, especially trade distortions. The result should be better, more comparable data for the Secretariat, governments, and researchers, providing the basis for better-informed discussion of the incidence of fossil fuel subsidies and rationale for their use.