bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lung involvement in children with lysinuric protein intolerance
Authors: Valimahamed‐Mitha Sarah , Berteloot Laureline , Ducoin Héloise , Ottolenghi Chris , de Lonlay Pascale , de Blic Jacques 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackground and objectivesLysinuric protein intolerance (LPI) is a rare multisystemic metabolic disease. The objective of the study was to describe presentation and course of lung involvement in a cohort of ten children.Patients and methodsRetrospective review of patients followed at Necker‐Enfants Malades University Hospital between 1980 and 2012 for a LPI. In patients with lung involvement, clinical data, chest radiographs, pulmonary function tests, bronchoalveolar lavages, and lung biopsies were analyzed. The first and last high‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT) were also reviewed.ResultsLung involvement was observed in ten of 14 patients (71 %). Five patients had an acute onset of respiratory symptoms, three had a progressive onset and two were free of symptoms. During the period studied, six patients (60 %) died, all in a context of respiratory failure. Clinical presentation and course were highly variable, even in the same family. HRCT were performed in seven cases, showing in all cases an interstitial pattern and fibrosis in four. All ten patients had pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) confirmed by histopathological analysis. Five patients had pulmonary fibrosis (at biopsy and/or HRCT scan). Two patients underwent whole lung lavages, without efficiency.ConclusionPAP is a constant feature in children with LPI and lung involvement. Pulmonary fibrosis is frequent and these two pathologies may develop independently. This study shows the heterogeneity of presentation and outcome. Lung injury could be secondary to impaired phagocytic function and abnormal inflammatory and immune responses intrinsic to the SLC7A7 mutant phenotype. HRCT is recommended to detect lung involvement.
Comment on “The Effect of Same-Sex Marriage Laws on Different-Sex Marriage: Evidence From the Netherlands”
Authors: Dinno Alexis 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In the recent Demography article titled “The Effect of Same-Sex Marriage Laws on Different-Sex Marriage: Evidence From the Netherlands,” Trandafir attempted to answer the question, Are rates of opposite sex marriage affected by legal recognition of same-sex marriages? The results of his approach to statistical inference—looking for evidence of a difference in rates of opposite-sex marriage—provide an absence of evidence of such effects. However, the validity of his conclusion of no causal relationship between same-sex marriage laws and rates of opposite-sex marriage is threatened by the fact that Trandafir did not also look for equivalence in rates of opposite-sex marriage in order to provide evidence of an absence of such an effect. Equivalence tests in combination with difference tests are introduced and presented in this article as a more valid inferential approach to the substantive question Trandafir attempted to answer.
Incidence and distribution of cancers in adolescents and young adults
Authors: Kourie Hampig Raphael , Ghorra Claude , Abadjian Gerard , Germanos Myrna , Antoun Joelle , Ghosn Marwan 
Published: October 2014

Background and objectives:
Cancers of adolescents and young adults are relatively rare and have specific features that range from the types and locations of these tumors to their specific medical, physical, psychological and social needs.

Materials and methods:
A retrospective descriptive study on cancer patients aged between 15 and 25 years at Hotel Dieu de France, Saint Joseph University Hospital in Beirut, Lebanon from 2007 to 2011 was conducted to study the incidence and distribution of cancers.

Results:
We identified 205 adolescents and young adults with cancer in Hôtel Dieu de France, Saint Joseph University Hospital in Beirut, from 2007 to 2011, which represent 2.9% of all can-cers diagnosed in this hospital. Lymphomas (32%), bone tumors (12%), central nervous system (CNS) tumors (13%), leukemia (9%), thyroid cancers (9%), ovarian (5%) and testicular tumors (3%) accounted for more than 80% of all cancers. Thyroid cancers represented 17% of all female cancers in this patient category compared to 1% in males, while the CNS and bone cancer had a higher incidence in males.

Conclusions:
Despite the low incidence of cancers in adolescents and young adults, it is essen-tial to obtain more multicentric national and regional comparative data, which can help to elucidate the incidence and distribution of these cancers.
β-Casein(94-123)-derived peptides differently modulate production of mucins in intestinal goblet cells
Authors: Plaisancié Pascale , Boutrou Rachel , Estienne Monique , Henry Gwénaële , Jardin Julien , Paquet Armelle , Léonil Joëlle 
Published: October 2014

We recently reported the identification of a peptide from yoghurts with promising potential for intestinal health: the sequence (94-123) of bovine β-casein. This peptide, composed of 30 amino acid residues, maintains intestinal homoeostasis through production of the secreted mucin MUC2 and of the transmembrane-associated mucin MUC4. Our study aimed to search for the minimal sequence responsible for the biological activity of β-CN(94-123) by using several strategies based on (i) known bioactive peptides encrypted in β-CN(94-123), (ii) in silico prediction of peptides reactivity and (iii) digestion of β-CN(94-123) by enzymes of intestinal brush border membranes. The revealed sequences were tested in vitro on human intestinal mucus-producing HT29-MTX cells. We demonstrated that β-CN(108-113) (an ACE-inhibitory peptide) and β-CN(114-119) (an opioid peptide named neocasomorphin-6) up-regulated MUC4 expression whereas levels of the secreted mucins MUC2 and MUC5AC remained unchanged. The digestion of β-CN(94-123) by intestinal enzymes showed that the peptides β-CN(94-108) and β-CN(117-123) were present throughout 1·5 to 3 h of digestion, respectively. These two peptides raised MUC5AC expression while β-CN(117-123) also induced a decrease in the level of MUC2 mRNA and protein. In addition, this inhibitory effect was reproduced in airway epithelial cells. In conclusion, β-CN(94-123) is a multifunctional molecule but only the sequence of 30 amino acids has a stimulating effect on the production of MUC2, a crucial factor of intestinal protection.
A ‘Remote’ Town in the Indian Himalaya
Authors: MATHUR NAYANIKA 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis article studies the impact of the creation of a new state in northern India through an analysis of space. The space under consideration is the town of Gopeshwar, which serves as the administrative headquarters of a district in the state of Uttarakhand. Uttarakhand was created as a distinct Himalayan state in 2000 after a prolonged period of mass agitation to this end. The movement for statehood had emphasized historical neglect coupled with exploitation of the mountains of Uttarakhand by the plains. Beginning with an analysis of the town plan, this article moves on to describe how this place is made into a space by everyday practices. In particular it concentrates on the narratives of agents of the state who express a longing to escape this ‘remote’ town. Through an interrogation of the trope of remoteness, this article argues that the creation of the new state has served, ironically enough, to accentuate the traditional characterization of the Himalaya as a backward, inferior space within India.
Neural effects of cognitive–behavioural therapy on dysfunctional attitudes in depression
Authors: Sankar A. , Scott J. , Paszkiewicz A. , Giampietro V. P. , Steiner H. , Fu C. H. Y. 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundDysfunctional attitudes are a feature of depression that has been correlated with receptor binding abnormalities in limbic and cortical regions. We sought to investigate the functional neuroanatomy of dysfunctional attitudes in major depressive disorder (MDD) and the effects of treatment with cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT).MethodParticipants were 16 patients with unipolar depression in an acute depressive episode (mean age 40.0 years) and 16 matched healthy controls (mean age 39.9 years). Patients were medication free and received a course of treatment with CBT. All participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans at baseline and at week 16, prior to the initiation of therapy and following the course of CBT for patients. During each fMRI scan, participants indicated their attributions to statements from a modified Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (mDAS-48).ResultsMDD patients in an acute depressive episode endorsed a greater number of extreme responses to DAS statements, which normalized following CBT treatment. Extreme attributions were associated with greater activation in the left hippocampal region, inferior parietal lobe and precuneus in MDD patients as compared with healthy controls as a main effect of group. An interaction effect was found in the left parahippocampal region, which showed less attenuation in MDD patients at the follow-up scan relative to healthy controls.ConclusionsAttenuation of activity in the parahippocampal region may be indicative of an improvement in dysfunctional thinking following CBT treatment in depression, while persistent engagement of regions involved in attentional processing and memory retrieval with extreme attributions reflects a trait feature of depression.
Satellite telemetry and social modeling offer new insights into the origin of primate multilevel societies
Authors: Qi Xiao-Guang , Garber Paul A. , Ji Weihong , Huang Zhi-Pang , Huang Kang , Zhang Peng , Guo Song-Tao , Wang Xiao-Wei , He Gang , Zhang Pei , Li Bao-Guo 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMultilevel societies (MLS), in which polygynous reproductive units are nested in a larger social matrix, represent a highly complex social system documented only in a small number of mammalian species. Using long-term behavioural data, satellite telemetry and social network analysis, we present a new framework for understanding the function and social dynamics of the golden snub-nosed monkey MLS. Here we show that several one-male units form a cohesive breeding band that associates with one or more all-male units to form a herd. Herds seasonally aggregate and exchange members, thus facilitating gene flow and inbreeding avoidance. This MLS evolved from the aggregation of independent one-male, multifemale units that characterize ancestral Asian colobines; the evolutionary pathway leading to this MLS contrasts with that proposed for African papionins, which appear to have undergone internal fissioning of multimale–multifemale groups. The results suggest that both environmental and phylogenetic factors are important in the evolution of a primate MLS.
Influence of Forest Road Culverts and Waterfalls on the Fine‐Scale Distribution of Brook Trout Genetic Diversity in a Boreal Watershed
Authors: Torterotot Jean‐Baptiste , Perrier Charles , Bergeron Normand E. , Bernatchez Louis 
Published: October 2014

AbstractHabitat fragmentation has become an increasing concern in conservation biology and is of prime importance with the expansion of forest road networks toward boreal and arctic regions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of artificial and natural barriers to fish movement on the fine‐scale distribution of genetic diversity in Brook TroutSalvelinus fontinalis. We genotyped 995 individuals sampled from 25 locations in a boreal watershed fragmented by culverts and natural waterfalls. Using a landscape genetics approach, we tested whether the presence of both types of barrier resulted in decreased genetic diversity and increased divergence within isolated locations. Results showed that genetic divergence was enhanced between sites separated by barriers and that genetic diversity was reduced within sites located upstream of barriers. Moreover, the observed changes in levels of divergence and diversity were correlated with the number of barriers. Overall, our results suggested that the effects of culverts and natural waterfalls were similar. To our knowledge, this is the first study illustrating the effects of forest road culverts and natural waterfalls on the distribution of genetic diversity in Brook Trout within a boreal watershed. We discuss our results in the context of boreal forest road network expansion and in light of the need to better understand the potential impacts of road infrastructure on the long‐term persistence of fish populations.Received January 24, 2014; accepted July 11, 2014
First Report of Stem Rot of Konjac Caused by Phytophthora nicotianae in China
Authors: Shao M. , Du W. F. , Yu D. C. , Du P. , Ni S. J. , Xu Y. C. , Zhang H. J. 
Published: October 2014

Konjac (Amorphophallus) is an important economic crop widely used in health products and biomaterials in Asia (2). A serious foliage disease of Konjac was observed in Fuyuan County, Yunnan Province, China, in July 2012. The symptoms began with leaf color changes from light green to yellow, followed by discoloration on the stem base, plant wilting, bulb rotting, and ultimately plant death. Symptomatic tissues were cut into small pieces, surface-sterilized, and cultured on 20% V8 juice agar at 28°C. Five days after incubation, white fluffy colonies with the typical sporangium of Phytophthora sp. were observed from root and stem pieces. Isolates were identified as P. nicotianae based on morphological characteristics and DNA analysis. The growth rate of the colonies was 16 mm/d at 28°C. Sporangia were pyriform, ovoid to spherical, and papillate, and the dimensions of the 80 sporangia measured ranged from 23.7 to 60.4 × 19.4 to 45.7 μm (avg. 42.4 × 31.5 μm) with length-to-breadth ratios of 1.19 to 1.44 (avg. 1.34). The chlamydospores were spherical with a smooth surface, and their dimensions ranged from 20.3 to 47.3 × 18.9 to 45.9 μm (avg. 32.7 × 30.4 μm) (3). DNA was extracted from one colony containing spores and hyphae of the isolated P. nicotianae, and the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was amplified with primers ITS6 and ITS4 (4). The obtained 854-bp amplicon was purified and sequenced. NCBI BLAST retrieved a 100% identity with P. nicotianae (GenBank Accession No. KJ506732). A pathogenicity test of the isolated P. nicotianae was conducted in a greenhouse. After 7 days in a humidity-controlled greenhouse, all 10 inoculated plants showed similar symptoms as observed initially in the field, while control plants were symptomless. P. nicotianae was re-isolated from the inoculated stems, thus successfully completing Koch's postulates (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. nicotianae as a pathogen of Konjac in China. References: (1) B. Alvarez-Rodriguez et al. Plant Dis. 97:1257, 2013. (2) H. Ban, et al. Plant Cell Rep. 28:1847, 2009. (3) D. C. Erwin and O. K. Ribeiro. Phytophthora Diseases Worldwide. APS Press, St. Paul, MN, 1996. (4) J. M. French et al. Plant Dis. 95:1028, 2011.
Epidural Steroid Injections, Conservative Treatment, or Combination Treatment for Cervical Radicular Pain
Authors: Cohen Steven P. , Hayek Salim , Semenov Yevgeny , Pasquina Paul F. , White Ronald L. , Veizi Elias , Huang Julie H. Y. , Kurihara Connie , Zhao Zirong , Guthmiller Kevin B. , Griffith Scott R. , Verdun Aubrey V. , Giampetro David M. , Vorobeychik Yakov 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

Background:
Cervical radicular pain is a major cause of disability. No studies have been published comparing different types of nonsurgical therapy.

Methods:
A comparative-effectiveness study was performed in 169 patients with cervical radicular pain less than 4 yr in duration. Participants received nortriptyline and/or gabapentin plus physical therapies, up to three cervical epidural steroid injections (ESI) or combination treatment over 6 months. The primary outcome measure was average arm pain on a 0 to 10 scale at 1 month.

Results:
One-month arm pain scores were 3.5 (95% CI, 2.8 to 4.2) in the combination group, 4.2 (CI, 2.8 to 4.2) in ESI patients, and 4.3 (CI, 2.8 to 4.2) in individuals treated conservatively (P = 0.26). Combination group patients experienced a mean reduction of −3.1 (95% CI, −3.8 to −2.3) in average arm pain at 1 month versus −1.8 (CI, −2.5 to −1.2) in the conservative group and −2.0 (CI, −2.7 to −1.3) in ESI patients (P = 0.035). For neck pain, a mean reduction of −2.2 (95% CI, −3.0 to −1.5) was noted in combination patients versus −1.2 (CI, −1.9 to −0.5) in conservative group patients and −1.1 (CI, −1.8 to −0.4) in those who received ESI; P = 0.064). Three-month posttreatment, 56.9% of patients treated with combination therapy experienced a positive outcome versus 26.8% in the conservative group and 36.7% in ESI patients (P = 0.006).

Conclusions:
For the primary outcome measure, no significant differences were found between treatments, although combination therapy provided better improvement than stand-alone treatment on some measures. Whereas these results suggest an interdisciplinary approach to neck pain may improve outcomes, confirmatory studies are needed.
American Indians in feature films: beyond the big Screen
Authors: V. Domínguez Daisy 
Published: October 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine whether library collections accurately represent the breadth of portrayals of American Indians in feature film. It also provides collection development resources for developing and strengthening feature film collections by and about American Indians.

Design/methodology/approach
– This study compares WorldCat holdings of a sample of theatrically released films about American Indians with independent American Indian-made films.

Findings
– WorldCat holdings as a whole do not represent the breadth of portrayals of American Indians in feature film.

Originality/value
– There are no studies that examine library holdings of feature films by and about American Indians. This paper presents an opportunity to examine our collecting habits and recommends resources for building feature film collections that better represent the manifold Native American experience.
Productivity strategy led power utilities
Authors: Nthikeng Letsoalo Joseph 
Published: October 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to return to a long-term business focus that uses Productivity Accounting methodology as a strategy tool for business operation and for making investments to benefit all producers and consumers in the electricity markets.

Design/methodology/approach
– The research subjected the published annual financial reports data to an analysis using the Productivity Accounting methodology to fathom productivity and price recovery with a focus on productivity changes over the year. Assessment is made of any comments on productivity or efficiency by the utilities in relation to the computed productivity from the methodology of analysis.

Findings
– The financial data as well as the statistical data that went with it could be analysed independently and productivity and price recovery results obtained. It is possible use Productivity Accounting to measure productivity change and use it for influencing investment and operational productivity for each resource and the utility.

Research limitations/implications
– The focus is on power utilities that are experiencing shifts in the way they do business in the environment. However, there is definitely value in using productivity as a strategy for sustainable utilities. It would seem the results may be applicable to other types of businesses.

Practical implications
– It is possible for any utility to use Productivity Accounting as a strategic tool to run the operations and support that with continuous investments as a basis of productivity driven sustainable and profitable businesses. It highlights the faults of the booms and bust of the California power industry against a productivity strategy-led utility.

Social implications
– For both developing and developed countries it would mean that electricity is affordable in the long term as it is not a luxury good. Electricity can be used to leverage economies of countries for competitiveness.

Originality/value
– The paper provides a fresh look at productivity as a strategic focus of a sustained business performance, for all utilities based on their own unchanged data.
Mature age job seekers: the role of proactivity
Authors: Zacher Hannes , Bock Angelika 
Published: October 2014

Purpose
– In the context of demographic and economic changes, helping mature age job seekers find employment is imperative. The purpose of this paper is to examine mature age job seekers’ proactive personality as a moderator of the relationship between age and job search intensity; and to examine job search self-efficacy as a mediator of this moderation effect. It was hypothesized that the generally negative relationships between age and job search self-efficacy and intensity are weaker among job seekers with a more proactive personality.

Design/methodology/approach
– In total, 188 job seekers between 40 and 64 years completed an online questionnaire. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.

Findings
– Consistent with previous research, age was negatively related to job search intensity. Proactive personality was positively related to job search intensity and moderated the relationship between age and job search intensity. Extending previous research, proactive personality also positively predicted job search self-efficacy and moderated the relationship between age and job search self-efficacy which, in turn, positively predicted job search intensity.

Research limitations/implications
– Potential limitations of the study include the cross-sectional design, sample selectivity, and the omission of possibly important control variables.

Practical implications
– Practitioners, organizations, and societies concerned with helping mature age job seekers find employment could provide additional support to those with a less proactive personality and low job search self-efficacy.

Originality/value
– This study extends previous research by showing that mature age job seekers’ job search self-efficacy mediates the moderating effect of proactive personality on the relationship between age and job search intensity.