bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zirconia specimens printed by vat photopolymerization: Mechanical properties, fatigue properties, and fractography analysis
Authors: Zhai Zidi , Qian Chao , Jiao Ting , Xu Chun , Sun Jian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeThe mechanical and fatigue properties of zirconia specimens printed by vat photopolymerization (VPP) were evaluated and compared with those of zirconia specimens milled by computer numerical control (CNC).Materials and MethodsBar‐shaped specimens were printed by stereolithography (SL) and digital light processing (DLP). CNC‐milled specimens were used as control samples. The fracture toughness, hardness, and flexural strength properties of the zirconia specimens were evaluated via single edge V‐notch beam tests, Vickers hardness tests, and 3‐point bending tests. Dynamic fatigue tests were carried out in distilled water using a step‐stress test. After static bending and dynamic step‐stress testing, fractography analysis was performed. Statistical analysis was carried out to compare the fracture toughness, hardness, flexural strength, and fatigue cycle results of each group (α = 0.05).ResultsThe fracture toughness values did not significantly differ among the groups (p > 0.05). The flexural strength was 894.10 MPa for SL, 831.46 MPa for DLP, and 1140.39 MPa for CNC. The flexural strength of CNC was greater than that of SL and DLP (p < 0.01). The mean fatigue cycles were 23498.07 for SL, 19858.60 for DLP, and 31566.80 for CNC. The mean fatigue failure strength was 643.13 MPa for SL, 530.63 MPa for DLP, and 903.75 MPa for CNC. The fatigue failure strength of CNC was greater than that of SL and DLP (p < 0.05). Fractography analysis revealed material defects at the fracture origin for each group. A partially fused structure of the incompletely debonded resin could be observed in SL, and a porous region of incompletely sintered zirconia grains could be observed in CNC.ConclusionsThe fracture toughness and hardness of zirconia printed by VPP are comparable to those of zirconia milled by CNC. However, zirconia milled by CNC has superior static flexural strength and dynamic fatigue resistance. Further studies are needed to explore the clinical applications of VPP‐printed zirconia.
Risk incident analyses in the transportation of anhydrous ammonia as an emerging clean energy resource
Authors: Shikder Md. Ferdousul Haque , Tang Yili , Almehdawe Eman , Araújo Jefferson Cruz 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAnhydrous ammonia has seen a rapid increase in demand due to recent developments in clean energy technologies. As it is a potential carrier of hydrogen, the transportation industry is currently facing significant logistic challenges as well as safety risks. Based on the causes and effects, this study categorizes incident patterns based on the historical incidents from 1971 to 2021 in the United States during transportation. Analysis of temporal patterns revealed that government regulations and improvement of safety infrastructures have made the biggest impact on lowering incident rates. Spatial analysis methods are also applied to understand the relationships between these incidents and spatial factors, such as land area, number of ammonia production facilities, total average production capacity, and total length of freight railway and highway in each US state. The spatial and temporal patterns and interpretations provide safety references to manage the growing hazardous transport in clean energy.
Cultural values, risk characteristics, and risk perceptions of controversial issues: How does cultural theory work?
Authors: Chassang Ianis , Rohmer Odile , Chauvin Bruno 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCultural theory and the psychometric paradigm are two frameworks proposed to explain risk perceptions, mostly used independently of each other. On the one hand, psychometric research identified key characteristics of hazards responsible for their level of perceived riskiness. On the other hand, cultural studies provided evidence that different worldviews lead to divergent perceptions of risk in a way supportive of individuals’ cultural values. The purpose of this research was to combine both approaches into mediational models in which cultural values impact risk perceptions of controversial hazards through their influence on the characteristics associated with those hazards. Using data from an online survey completed by 629 French participants, findings indicated specific associations between cultural values and risk characteristics, both of them exhibiting effects on risk perceptions that depend largely on hazardous issues. More specifically, we found that people confer specific characteristics on hazards (common or dreadful, beneficial or costly, affecting few or many people), depending on whether they are hierarchists–individualists, egalitarians, or fatalists; in turn, such characteristics have an impact on the perceived riskiness of hazards such as cannabis, social movement, global warming, genetically modified organisms, nuclear power, public transportation, and coronavirus. Finally, this article discussed the interest of addressing the mechanisms that explain how cultural values shape individuals’ perceptions of risk.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Applied Economics and Finance, Vol. 11, No. 3
Authors: Gibbs Nikki 
Published: August 2024

Applied Economics and Finance (AEF) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AEF publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 3 Ali Darub Al-Hiyali, University of Anbar, IraqBabacar Seck, University of Bahrain, BahrainFahri ÖZSUNGUR, Adana Science and Technology University, TurkeyIgor Matyushenko, School of Foreign Economic Relations and Touristic Business, UkraineJosephine Ofori Adofo, The World Bank, USANikoloz Chikhladze, Akaki Tsereteli State University, GeorgiaShaoshu LI, Cornell University , USASzabolcs Blazsek, Mercer University, Macon, Guatemala Nikki GibbsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Applied Economics and FinanceRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://aef.redfame.com
Development of Graphene-Based Materials with the Targeted Action for Cancer Theranostics
Authors: Semenov Konstantin N. , Shemchuk Olga S. , Ageev Sergei V. , Andoskin Pavel A. , Iurev Gleb O. , Murin Igor V. , Kozhukhov Pavel K. , Maystrenko Dmitriy N. , Molchanov Oleg E. , Kholmurodova Dilafruz K. , Rizaev Jasur A. , Sharoyko Vladimir V. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The review summarises the prospects in the application of graphene and graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) in nanomedicine, including drug delivery, photothermal and photodynamic therapy, and theranostics in cancer treatment. The application of GBNs in various areas of science and medicine is due to the unique properties of graphene allowing the development of novel ground-breaking biomedical applications. The review describes current approaches to the production of new targeting graphene-based biomedical agents for the chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, and photodynamic therapy of tumors. Analysis of publications and FDA databases showed that despite numerous clinical studies of graphene-based materials conducted worldwide, there is a lack of information on the clinical trials on the use of graphene-based conjugates for the targeted drug delivery and diagnostics. The review will be helpful for researchers working in development of carbon nanostructures, material science, medicinal chemistry, and nanobiomedicine.
Philippine Social Security System: An Evaluation Of Strategic Approach To Digital Services
Authors: Galang Glenn Mhar B. , Villa Elizabeth B. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to assess the digital services of the Philippine Social Security System in terms of processing of personal data, organizational measures, physical measures, and technical measures. The research employed a descriptive-correlational approach, utilizing a questionnaire as the primary data gathering instrument. However, interviews among the 5 heads of the 5 biggest branches of SSS in the NCR were utilized to validate the data taken in the questionnaire among the 3 groups of respondents: BPOs (120), front-liners (180), and clients (1292). For BPOs and front-liners, complete enumeration was used, while convenience sampling was utilized for clients. Weighted mean and one-way ANOVA were used for the treatment of the data. The study revealed that all the indicators in all four variables were, on average, partially implemented. The seriousness of the encountered problems led to a highly recommended assessment of the presented solutions. Further investigation revealed no significant differences in assessment among the three groups of respondents.
The study's findings led to the conclusion that Philippine Social Security requires additional physical and electronic paperwork. Additionally, the Philippine Social Security System shares and exchanges personal data with other parties through digital channels. Furthermore, the corporate orientation course for newly hired or absorbed employees does not include security management, despite its availability. Finally, SSS has yet to use advanced technology to detect fake, altered, and fraudulent documents; hence, it still needs to use advanced technology to formulate a comprehensive data security manual to integrate digital measures against cybercrime.
Therefore, the study's findings and conclusions inform the following recommendations: Firstly, we should archive and retain physical or electronic documents containing personal data in secure and protected record rooms, offsite storage facilities, or receptacles or cabinets, in accordance with the issued policies. Second, only with prior consent or authority from the data subjects, a judicial order, or a data sharing agreement can we use digital platforms to disclose and share personal data with third parties. Third, newly hired or absorbed employees should include data security management in their corporate orientation course. Fourth, we should use advanced technology to detect fake, altered, and fraudulent documents. Finally, we should formulate a data security manual to incorporate digital measures against cybercrime.
Anaesthesia and climate change: time to wake up? A rapid qualitative appraisal exploring the views of anaesthetic practitioners regarding the transition to TIVA and the reduction of desflurane
Authors: Iqbal Syka , Karia Amelia , Kamming Damon , Herron Daniel , O’Shea Luke , Vindrola-Padros Cecilia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The National Health Service (NHS) has pledged to reach carbon net-zero by 2040. In alignment with this goal, a London hospital’s anaesthesia department is actively reducing desflurane use and transitioning towards total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) as a sustainable alternative, contributing to environmentally responsible practices within the healthcare sector.

Methods
We conducted a rapid qualitative appraisal through online interviews with 17 anaesthetic practitioners to explore their perspectives regarding this climate change mitigation strategy. Data analysis was undertaken through the use of rapid appraisal sheets and a framework analysis method.

Results
Participants highlighted the disadvantages of TIVA, including the increased effort, heightened monitoring requirements, operational challenges, and a lack of clinical confidence associated with its use. Despite these reservations, participants acknowledged TIVA’s potential to reduce postoperative nausea. There were perceptions that senior staff members might resist this change due to habits and scepticism over its impact on climate change. To facilitate greater TIVA adoption, participants recommended enhanced training, the implementation of a dashboard to raise awareness of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and the presence of strong climate change leadership within the department. Participants believed that a shift to TIVA should be followed by specific measures such as addressing waste management which is crucial for GHG reduction, emphasising the perceived link between waste and emissions.

Conclusions
The evaluation examines stakeholder attitudes, perceptions, and behaviours, focusing on transitioning from desflurane to TIVA. The study highlights the importance of staff engagement, organisational support, and underscores the crucial role that healthcare practitioners and leadership play in fostering sustainability within the healthcare sector.
Ab-Externo XEN Gel stent implantation effectively treated refractory glaucoma with prior failed shunt tube
Authors: Cheng Anny M.S. , Gupta Shailesh K. , Vedula Geetha G. , Saddemi Jackson , Wang Victor , Vartanian Rita , Yang David T.Y. , Kubal Aarup A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the efficacy of a gelatin stent (XEN 45 Gel Stent; Allergan) implant in advanced glaucoma eyes that have failed prior aqueous shunt implantation.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 6 patients with refractory glaucoma, defined as persistently high IOP (> 21 mmHg) despite taking at least 3 IOP-lowering medications subsequent to undergoing a glaucoma drainage device (GDD) with or without a second GDD or cilioablative procedure. Eyes with previous failed GDD underwent subconjunctival 0.3 cc (0.4 mg/ml) mitomycin C, tenonectomy, and placement of an ab- externo XEN stent. The outcome measures included change in IOP and the number of glaucoma medications. Success was defined as patients achieving an IOP ≤ 18 mmHg with a percentage reduction of 25% or 15 mmHg and 40% mean IOP reduction from baseline while taking the same number or fewer medications.

Results
All six eyes with age of 77.6 ± 7.82 years who underwent XEN implantation following previous GDD surgery had primary open-angle glaucoma. The IOP decreased significantly from 32.33 ± 5.99 to 12.67 ± 3.27 mmHg (p < 0.001) with a follow-up of 13.9 ± 2 (11.7–16.7) months. Visual acuity and visual field remained stable after XEN placement. Compared to the baseline number of medications of 4.2 ± 0.8, all medication was discontinued except in one eye on two drops at the end of the follow-up. The overall surgical success rate was 100%. No complications, needling, or additional procedures were required.

Conclusion
This study described successful implantation of the XEN stent following failed GDD. XEN Gel stent implantation associated with mitomycin C and tenonectomy can be considered a viable surgical option for patients with a history of previously failed tube shunt requiring further IOP lowering.
Materials-based incidence of urinary catheter associated urinary tract infections and the causative micro-organisms: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gambrill Benjamin , Pertusati Fabrizio , Hughes Stephen Fon , Shergill Iqbal , Prokopovich Polina 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Both long (> 30 days) and short-term (≤ 30 days) catheterisation has been associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to the invasive nature of device insertion through the urethra. Catheter associated Urinary Tract Infections (CAUTIs) are common (prevalence of ~ 8.5%) infections which can be treated with antibiotics; however, CAUTIs are both expensive to treat and contributes to the antibiotic usage crisis. As catheters are unlikely be replaced for the management of patients’ urination, ways of reducing CAUTIs are sought out, using the catheter device itself. The aim of this review is to assess the incidence of CAUTI and the causative micro-organisms when different urinary catheter devices have been used by humans, as reported in published research articles.

Methods
A Systematic Literature Review was conducted in Ovid Medline, Web of Science and PubMed, to identify studies which investigated the incidence of UTI and the causative micro-organisms, in patients with different urinary catheter devices. The articles were selected based on a strict set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data regarding UTI incidence was extracted and calculated odds ratio were compared across studies and pooled when types of catheters were compared. CAUTI causative micro-organisms, if stated within the research pieces, were also gathered.

Results
A total of 890 articles were identified, but only 26 unique articles met the inclusion/exclusion criteria for this review. Amongst the large cohort there were catheters of materials silicone, latex and PVC and catheter modifications of silver nanoparticles and nitrofurantoin antibiotics. The meta-analysis did not provide a clear choice towards a single catheter against another although silver-based catheters, and silver alloy, appeared to statistically reduce the OR of developing CAUTIs. At genus level the three commonest bacteria identified across the cohort were E. coli, Enterococcus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. whilst considering only at the genus level, with E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Enterococcus faecalis most common at the species-specific level.

Conclusions
There does not appear to be a catheter type, which can significantly reduce the incidence of CAUTI’s in patients requiring catheterisation. Ultimately, this warrants further research to identify and develop a catheter device material that will reduce the incidence for CAUTIs.
Effects of stannous fluoride dentifrice on gingival health and oxidative stress markers: a prospective clinical trial
Authors: Ramji Niranjan , Xie Sancai , Bunger Ashley , Trenner Rachel , Ye Hao , Farmer Teresa , Reichling Tim , Ashe Julie , Milleman Kimberly , Milleman Jeffery , Klukowska Malgorzata 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Periodontal disease results in oral dysbiosis, increasing plaque virulence and oxidative stress. Stannous fluoride (SnF2) binds lipopolysaccharides to reduce plaque virulence. This study prospectively assessed SnF2 effects on oxidative stress in adults with gingivitis.

Methods
This was a 2-month, single-center, single-treatment clinical trial. Twenty “disease” (> 20 bleeding sites with ≥ 3 pockets 3 mm-4 mm deep) and 20 “healthy” (≤ 3 bleeding sites with pockets ≤ 2 mm deep) adults were enrolled. All participants were instructed to use SnF2 dentifrice twice daily for 2 months. An oral examination, Modified Gingival Index (MGI) examination and Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI) examination were conducted at baseline, 1 month and 2 months. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva, oral lavage and supragingival plaque were collected at each visit to evaluate: Endotoxins, Protein Carbonyls, L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), Oxidized low density lipoproteins (oxi-LDL), IL-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP). A subset-analysis examined participants considered at higher risk of cardiovascular disease. Change-from-baseline analyses within each group were of primary interest.

Results
The disease group showed statistically significant reductions in GBI at Month 1 (67%) and Month 2 (85%) and in MGI at Month 1 (36%) and Month 2 (51%) versus baseline (p < 0.001). At baseline, the disease group showed greater LDH in GCF and oxi-LDL levels in saliva versus the healthy group (p ≤ 0.01). Total antioxidant capacity (FRAP) in saliva increased versus baseline for the disease group at Months 1 and 2 (p < 0.05), and levels for the disease group were greater than the healthy group at both timepoints (p < 0.05). SnF2 treatment reduced endotoxins (lavage) for both disease and healthy groups at Month 2 (p ≤ 0.021) versus baseline. There was a reduction in oxidative stress markers, namely protein carbonyl in saliva, at Months 1 and 2 (p < 0.001) for both groups and a reduction in cytokine IL-6 (lavage) in the disease group at Month 2 (p = 0.005). A subset analysis of participants at higher coronary disease risk showed reductions in endotoxins in lavage, oxi-LDL, and CRP in saliva at Month 2 (p ≤ 0.04).

Conclusion
SnF2 dentifrice use reversed gingival inflammation, suppressed endotoxins and reduced some harmful oxidant products in saliva and gingiva.

Clinical trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05326373, registered on 13/04/2022.
Britannilactone 1-O-acetate induced ubiquitination of NLRP3 inflammasome through TRIM31 as a protective mechanism against reflux esophagitis-induced esophageal injury
Authors: Liu Ju , Xiao Yang , Xu Qianfei , Xu Yunyan , Guo Manman , Hu Yun , Wang Yan , Wang Yi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Reflux esophagitis (RE) is a disease in which inflammation of the esophageal mucosa owing to the reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus results in cytokine damage. Britannilactone 1-O-acetate (Brt) has anti-inflammatory effects, significantly inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to a decrease in inflammatory factors including IL-1 β, IL-6, and TNF-α. However, the mechanism underlying its protective effect against RE-induced esophageal injury remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the protective mechanism of TRIM31 against NLRP3 ubiquitination-induced RE both in vivo and in vitro.

Methods
A model of RE was established in vivo in rats by the method of “4.2 mm pyloric clamp + 2/3 fundoplication”. In vitro, the mod was constructed by using HET-1A (esophageal epithelial cells) and exposing the cells to acid, bile salts, and acidic bile salts. The 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to screen the concentration of administered drugs, and the viability of HET-1A cells in each group. HE staining was used to assess the degree of pathological damage in esophageal tissues. Toluidine blue staining was used to detect whether the protective function of the esophageal epithelial barrier was damaged and restored. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of IL-1 β, IL-6, and TNF-α factors in serum. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression level of NLRP3 in esophageal tissues. The molecular docking and Co-immunoprecipitation assay (Co-IP assay) were used to detect the TRIM31 interacts with NLRP3. Western blotting detected the Claudin-4, Claudin-5, The G-protein-coupled receptor calcium-sensitive receptor (CaSR), NLRP3, TRIM31, ASC, C-Caspase1, and Caspase1 protein expression levels.

Results
Brt could alleviate RE inflammatory responses by modulating serum levels of IL-1 β, IL-6, and TNF-α. It also activated the expression of NLRP3, ASC, Caspase 1, and C-Caspase-1 in HET-1A cells. Brt also attenuated TRIM31/NLRP3-induced pathological injury in rats with RE through a molecular mechanism consistent with the in vitro results.

Conclusions
Brt promotes the ubiquitination of NLRP3 through TRIM31 and attenuates esophageal epithelial damage induced by RE caused by acidic bile salt exposure. This study provides valuable insights into the mechanism of action of Brt in the treatment of RE and highlights its promising application in the prevention of NLRP3 inflammatory vesicle-associated inflammatory pathological injury.

Graphical Abstract