bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The state of agri-food export of the Visegrad countries in EU markets
Authors: Bozsik Norbert 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The agri-food export of the Visegrad countries has increased significantly since 2004. Since their EU accession the agri-food export of the V4 countries did not only grow - disregarding the setback in 2009 - but the EU has become their dominating market. The objective of this paper is to analyse the market position of the agri-food products of the Visegrad countries in the EU market. On the basis of the Constant Market Share (CMS) model it can be stated that in the case of each and every country the significant positive competitiveness effect, the value of which was between 58% and 70%, triggered the expansion of the agri-food export. The positive market size effect also played an important role in the growth of the export. For the Visegrad countries this meant 30-40%. However, the structural effect was negligible for each country (-1-4%). This means that the export structure of the Visegrad countries could not adjust properly to the changes of the import structure of the EU markets. On the basis of quality competitiveness the agri-food product groups of the V4 countries - with very few exceptions - have increased their market share in EU markets, which was primarily attainable because of the rising export prices. However, some achieved an increased market share with decreasing export prices. .
The impact of the institutional environment on the development of the rural economy in the Belgorod region of Russia
Authors: Dorofeev Andrei , Sazonov Sergei , Heijman Wim 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This article deals with the problems in the development of agriculture in Russia caused by an imperfect institutional environment. The characteristics of institutional conditions and their influence on the development of agriculture is discussed. The main institutional changes which have taken place in Russia over the past 20 years are described, including the ownership of the means of production, commodity-money relations, access to and distribution of profits and competition. The main body of the article presents an analysis of the development of agriculture in the Belgorod region in relation to the status of the institutional environment.
Sustainable Rural Development in Russia Through Diversification: The Case of the Stavropol Region
Authors: Erokhin Vasily , Heijman Wim , Ivolga Anna 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The contemporary relevance of ensuring sustainable rural development is stipulated, on the one hand, by the growing economic and social backwardness of rural territories, and on the other hand by their ultimate importance for the nation in such issues as food security, preservation of soil and environmental resources, and the utilisation of agricultural, production and labour potentials. One of the key conditions of sustainable rural development is sufficient employment which provides rural inhabitants with a sustainable income which is competitive in comparison to urban territories. This paper includes an analysis of the current problems of rural development, based on the example of the Stavropol Region, one of the most agricultural regions of Russia; the paper addresses threats to sustainable rural development such as unemployment and depopulation, and substantiates the practicality of diversification of traditional rural sources of income by means of tourism and other alternative activities.
The Implementation of the Leader Approach in Slovak Republic, Identification of Problems and Possible Solutions
Authors: Zaujecová Petra , Schwarcz Pavol 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The paper deals with the integrated development in rural areas realized by the LEADER approach. This approach is based on the territorial principle, where the significant role are playing local actors operating in the area, who through their actions influence it’s development. The LEADER approach is being implemented through the Axis 4 of the Rural Development Policy. The main objective of the paper is to evaluate the implementation of the LEADER approach in particular Local Action Groups in Slovakia, to identify problems with implementation and to suggest solutions for their elimination. In the paper we evaluate the internal operation of the Local Action Group - the balance of relations between members, defining areas of their mutual cooperation and participation rate in the calls from the perspective of managers of Local Action Groups as well as external relations - relations with Agricultural Paying Agency and ways of influencing the operation of Local Action Groups through legislation. We also focuses on personal views of managers on meeting the needs of the Local Action Group by the projects realized within the Axis 4 LEADER. We also pointed out problems connected with the direction of the Axis 4 in terms of the possibility of funds spending, we defined negative impacts of the legislation as well as particular activities of the Agricultural Paying Agency on Local Action Group‘s performance.
Impact of WTO Accession on Agriculture Sustainable Development in the Russian Federation
Authors: Garnik Sergei , Sokolnikova Olga 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
In the globalized context of the modern world, the phenomenon of regional integration is one of the most significant factors influencing every aspect of social and economic development of the society. In this regard, new economic relations are formed in Russia in all sectors of the economy, including its industrial agricultural complex. Russian economy as a whole and its agriculture are experiencing the effects of various factors that have both a global and regional perspectives.
Creation of Responsible Behavior and Impact on Sustainable Customer Buying Behavior in Retail Sector
Authors: Paluchová Johana , Prokeinová Renáta Benda 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Context of sustainable consumption is based on conscious and rational behaving consumer. The retail industry, from suburban big-box stores to boutique shops, is among the most public of industries. Retailers employ millions and directly enable most consumer purchases. As such, they are in a unique position to advance sustainability by educating consumers and offering products with recycled content, durability, and ethical supply chains. In this article, we write about what leading retailers are doing or not doing to advance principals of sustainability in the products or services they sell, and how the consumers sustainably thing. The article is a part of Scientifics project VEGA 1/0874/14: Use of neuromarketing in visual merchandising of food industry. The main aim of our articele is through the selected statistics methods, to analyse an impact of sustainability on consumer decision and the processes in doing a good business in final visual merchandising. Through Apriori and association rules methods, we modelled a prototype of sustainable consumer on the basis of our questionnaire research, done in 2013 year and we mention a consumer behavior to food waste.
Clinical Decision Making for the Evaluation and Management of Coccydynia: 2 Case Reports
Authors: Marinko Lee N. , Pecci Matthew 
Published: June 2014

Study Design Case report. Background Coccydynia is a painful condition of the sacrococcygeal region, with symptoms associated with sitting and rising from a seated position. There is no gold standard for diagnosis of this condition; however, coccyx mobility assessment, pain provocation testing, and imaging have been proposed as reasonable diagnostic approaches. Once correctly diagnosed, treatment options for coccydynia include conservative management and surgical excision. The purpose of this report is to describe the different but successful clinical management strategies of 2 patients with coccydynia. Case Description Two women, 26 and 31 years of age, presented to physical therapy with persistent coccygeal pain that increased with prolonged sitting and intensified when transitioning from sit to stand. One patient had a traumatic onset of symptoms, in contrast to the other patient, for whom prolonged sitting was the precipitating factor. Both individuals were considered to have hypomobility of the sacrococcygeal joint, as assessed through intrarectal mobility testing, which also reproduced their symptoms. In both patients, examination of the lumbar spine was negative for alleviation or reproduction of symptoms. The patient with a traumatic onset of symptoms was referred to physical therapy at the onset of her symptoms, whereas the patient with a nontraumatic onset of symptoms was initially treated with a cortisone injection and, when symptoms returned 1 year later, was referred to physical therapy. Both individuals underwent manual therapy to the sacrococcygeal joint over 3 treatment sessions. Outcomes The patient with traumatic onset of symptoms had almost complete resolution of symptoms, whereas the patient with a nontraumatic onset only had temporary relief. This patient required further diagnostic examination and surgical excision. Discussion Although the mechanisms of injury were different, both patients presented with similar clinical symptoms, and both were considered to have coccydynia through coccyx mobility assessment and pain provocation testing. Successful clinical outcomes were achieved in both cases; however, the interventions were significantly different. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 4. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014;44(8):615–621. Epub 23 June 2014. doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.4850
A Proteomic Analysis of Seed Proteins Expressed in a Brassica Somatic Hybrid and its two Parental Species
Authors: Hossain M. M. , Li X. , Evans I. H. , Rahman M.A. 
Published: June 2014

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) is one of the worlds major vegetable crops. However, the cabbage plant cannot be readily vernalized and produce seed in the tropics, whereas Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris) can be conveniently vernalized at the seed stage. Proteins from seeds of an IPSA cabbage-Chinese cabbage somatic hybrid showing both hybrid vigour and the seed-stage vernalization characteristic were analyzed and compared with those of its two parents. 1D gel analysis indicated some differential expression of the seed proteins. Furthermore, in 2D, gel analysis, 13 differentially expressed protein spots were examined: of these ten were found to belong to the cruciferin seed storage protein complex, two were unidentifiable (no MASCOT match), and one was identified as late embryogenesis Abundant (LEA)-like protein, and was present only in the cabbage parent. This LEA-like protein in cabbage seed could therefore be implicated in interfering with the vernalization process in the tropics. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 24(1): 11-26, 2014 (June) D. O. I. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v24i1.19187
Induction of Direct Adventitious Shoot Regeneration in Pear (Pyrus communis L.)
Authors: Yousefiara Mahdieh , Kermani Maryam Jafarkhani , Bagheri Abdolreza , Habashi Ali Akbar , Abdollahi Hamid 
Published: June 2014

Efficient direct shoot regeneration of two pear (Pyrus communis L.), namely 'bartlett' and 'dargazi' was successfully developed for the use in future genetic engineering research. The basal MS and NN media supplemented with different concentrations of TDZ (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 ?M) or BAP (0, 4, 8, 16 ?M) in combination with NAA (1 ?M) were compared. The result showed that direct adventitious shoot regeneration in pear was highly dependent on genotype, explant type and culture media. 'dargazi' had higher rate of regeneration compared to 'bartlett' and in both cultivars the highest per cent of regeneration was observed in lower sections of the leaves. Although the highest per cent of regeneration in 'bartlett' (38) was attained in the NN medium containing 2.5 µM TDZ and 1 µM NAA, but the differences in shoot regeneration between media containing 5 or 7.5 µM TDZ and 1 µM NAA were not significant. The highest per cent of regeneration in 'dargazi' (56) was obtained in NN medium containing 7.5 µm TDZ and 1 µm NAA. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 24(1): 87-92, 2014 (June) D. O. I. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v24i1.19215
Isolation of Protoplasts from Nepenthes - A Plant Carnivore
Authors: Sweat Jaylen , S. Bodri Michael 
Published: June 2014

Protoplasts were isolated from the lamina of greenhouse grown Nepenthes ampullaria and the hybrid N. Rokko Exotica in order to develop a protocol for protoplast isolation suitable for wild species of Nepenthes. Various molarities utilizing mannitol or sorbitol and different enzyme mixtures and concentrations as well as incubation times were evaluated to maximize protoplast yield and viability. The most effective treatment, a 4 hrs incubation at 40 rpm and 25°C in a solution consisting of 0.5 M sorbitol, 5% cellulase Onozuka R-10, 0.5% macerozyme R-10, and 0.3% pectolyase Y-23, generated 4.35 × 106 protoplasts/ gfw of which 62.1% were viable. Culture was attempted in respect of regeneration of the cell wall, however, no cell division was observed. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 24(1): 93-100, 2014 (June) D. O. I. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v24i1.19217
Piloting the EHR4CR Feasibility Platform across Europe
Authors: Bache R. , McGilchrist M. , Daniel C. , Dugas M. , Fritz F. , Doods J. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryBackground: Pharmaceutical clinical trials are primarily conducted across many countries, yet recruitment numbers are frequently not met in time. Electronic health records store large amounts of potentially useful data that could aid in this process. The EHR4CR project aims at re-using EHR data for clinical research purposes.Objective: To evaluate whether the protocol feasibility platform produced by the Electronic Health Records for Clinical Research (EHR4CR) project can be installed and set up in accordance with local technical and governance requirements to execute protocol feasibility queries uniformly across national borders.Methods: We installed specifically engineered software and warehouses at local sites. Approvals for data access and usage of the platform were acquired and terminology mapping of local site codes to central platform codes were performed. A test data set, or real EHR data where approvals were in place, were loaded into data warehouses. Test feasibility queries were created on a central component of the platform and sent to the local components at eleven university hospitals.Results: To use real, de-identified EHR data we obtained permissions and approvals from ‘data controllers‘ and ethics committees. Through the platform we were able to create feasibility queries, distribute them to eleven university hospitals and retrieve aggregated patient counts of both test data and de-identified EHR data.Conclusion: It is possible to install a uniform piece of software in different university hospitals in five European countries and configure it to the requirements of the local networks, while complying with local data protection regulations. We were also able set up ETL processes and data warehouses, to reuse EHR data for feasibility queries distributed over the EHR4CR platform.
Classification of Lower Extremity Movement Patterns Based on Visual Assessment: Reliability and Correlation With 2-Dimensional Video Analysis
Authors: Harris-Hayes Marcie , Steger-May Karen , Koh Christine , Royer Nat K. , Graci Valentina , Salsich Gretchen B. 
Published: June 2014

Context:
Abnormal movement patterns have been implicated in lower extremity injury. Reliable, valid, and easily implemented assessment methods are needed to examine existing musculoskeletal disorders and investigate predictive factors for lower extremity injury.

Objective:
To determine the reliability of experienced and novice testers in making visual assessments of lower extremity movement patterns and to characterize the construct validity of the visual assessments.

Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Setting:
University athletic department and research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:
Convenience sample of 30 undergraduate and graduate students who regularly participate in athletics (age = 19.3 ± 4.5 years). Testers were 2 experienced physical therapists and 1 novice postdoctoral fellow (nonclinician).

Main Outcome Measure(s):
We took videos of 30 athletes performing the single-legged squat. Three testers observed the videos on 2 occasions and classified the lower extremity movement as dynamic valgus, no change, or dynamic varus. The classification was based on the estimated change in frontal-plane projection angle (FPPA) of the knee from single-legged stance to maximum single-legged squat depth. The actual FPPA change was measured quantitatively. We used percentage agreement and weighted κ to examine tester reliability and to determine construct validity of the visual assessment.

Results:
The κ values for intratester and intertester reliability ranged from 0.75 to 0.90, indicating substantial to excellent reliability. Percentage agreement between the visual assessment and the quantitative FPPA change category was 90%, with a κ value of 0.85.

Conclusions:
Visual assessments were made reliably by experienced and novice testers. Additionally, movement-pattern categories based on visual assessments were in excellent agreement with objective methods to measure FPPA change. Therefore, visual assessments can be used in the clinic to assess movement patterns associated with musculoskeletal disorders and in large epidemiologic studies to assess the association between lower extremity movement patterns and musculoskeletal injury.
A Generalizability Theory Study of Athletic Taping Using the Technical Skill Assessment Instrument
Authors: Lafave Mark R. , Butterwick Dale J. 
Published: June 2014

Context:Athletic taping skills are highly valued clinical competencies in the athletic therapy and training profession. The Technical Skill Assessment Instrument (TSAI) has been content validated and tested for intrarater reliability.Objective:To test the reliability of the TSAI using a more robust measure of reliability, generalizability theory, and to hypothetically and mathematically project the optimal number of raters and scenarios to reliably measure athletic taping skills in the future.Setting:Mount Royal University.Design:Observational study.Patients or Other Participants:A total of 29 university students (8 men, 21 women; age = 20.79 ± 1.59 years) from the Athletic Therapy Program at Mount Royal University.Intervention(s):Participants were allowed 10 minutes per scenario to complete prophylactic taping for a standardized patient presenting with (1) a 4-week-old second-degree ankle sprain and (2) a thumb that had been hyperextended. Two raters judged student performance using the TSAI.Main Outcome Measure(s):Generalizability coefficients were calculated using variance scores for raters, participants, and scenarios. A decision study was calculated to project the optimal number of raters and scenarios to achieve acceptable levels of reliability. Generalizability coefficients were interpreted the same as other reliability coefficients, with 0 indicating no reliability and 1.0 indicating perfect reliability.Results:The result of our study design (2 raters, 1 standardized patient, 2 scenarios) was a generalizability coefficient of 0.67. Decision study projects indicated that 4 scenarios were necessary to reliably measure athletic taping skills.Conclusions:We found moderate reliability coefficients. Researchers should include more scenarios to reliably measure athletic taping skills. They should also focus on the development of evidence-based practice guidelines and standards of athletic taping and should test those standards using a psychometrically sound instrument, such as the TSAI.
Electrolyte and Plasma Responses After Pickle Juice, Mustard, and Deionized Water Ingestion in Dehydrated Humans
Authors: Miller Kevin C. 
Published: June 2014

Context:
Some athletes ingest pickle juice (PJ) or mustard to treat exercise-associated muscle cramps (EAMCs). Clinicians warn against this because they are concerned it will exacerbate exercise-induced hypertonicity or cause hyperkalemia. Few researchers have examined plasma responses after PJ or mustard ingestion in dehydrated, exercised individuals.

Objective:
To determine if ingesting PJ, mustard, or deionized water (DIW) while hypohydrated affects plasma sodium (Na+) concentration ([Na+]p), plasma potassium (K+) concentration ([K+]p), plasma osmolality (OSMp), or percentage changes in plasma volume or Na+ content.

Design:
Crossover study.

Setting:
Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:
A total of 9 physically active, nonacclimated individuals (age = 25 ± 2 years, height = 175.5 ± 9.0 cm, mass = 78.6 ± 13.8 kg).

Intervention(s):
Participants exercised vigorously for 2 hours (temperature = 37°C ± 1°C, relative humidity = 24% ± 4%). After a 30-minute rest, a baseline blood sample was collected, and they ingested 1 mL/kg body mass of PJ or DIW. For the mustard trial, participants ingested a mass of mustard containing a similar amount of Na+ as for the PJ trial. Postingestion blood samples were collected at 5, 15, 30, and 60 minutes.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
The dependent variables were [Na+]p, [K+]p, OSMp, and percentage change in plasma Na+ content and plasma volume.

Results:
Participants became 2.9% ± 0.6% hypohydrated and lost 96.8 ± 27.1 mmol (conventional unit = 96.8 ± 27.1 mEq) of Na+, 8.4 ± 2 mmol (conventional unit = 8.4 ± 2 mEq) of K+, and 2.03 ± 0.44 L of fluid due to exercise-induced sweating. They ingested approximately 79 mL of PJ or DIW or 135.24 ± 22.8 g of mustard. Despite ingesting approximately 1.5 g of Na+ in the PJ and mustard trials, no changes occurred within 60 minutes postingestion for [Na+]p, [K+]p, OSMp, or percentage changes in plasma volume or Na+ content (P &gt; .05).

Conclusions:
Ingesting a small bolus of PJ or large mass of mustard after dehydration did not exacerbate exercise-induced hypertonicity or cause hyperkalemia. Consuming small volumes of PJ or mustard did not fully replenish electrolytes and fluid losses. Additional research on plasma responses pre-ingestion and postingestion to these treatments in individuals experiencing acute EAMCs is needed.