bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fracture-Toughness Evaluation of Solution Heat-Treated Zr-2.5Nb Alloys as per ASTM and ISO Standards
Authors: Khandelwal H. K. , Singh R. N. , Chakravartty J. K. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
In the present work, fracture-toughness parameters of Zr-2.5Nb alloy were evaluated as per ASTM E1820 and ISO 12135 standards at 25°C and 300°C. To investigate the influence of the material's microstructure on deviation in fracture-toughness values, Zr-2.5Nb alloy plates were individually water quenched from three soaking temperatures; 850°C, 870°C, and 890°C with 15- and 30-min soaking durations. Under these six conditions, fracture resistance, J-R curves derived from these standards exhibited marginal deviations. However, slope of valid J-R curve region (dJ/da) obtained by two methods had appreciable differences, especially at 300°C.
Mechanical Characteristics of Lightweight Mortars on Small-Scale Samples
Authors: Silva A. , Soares A. , Flores-Colen I. , de Brito J. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Occasionally, in laboratory conditions, it can be advantageous to use small-scale specimens, e.g., when the amount of available material is limited or expensive or when there are space limitations. The characteristics of any tested material such as concrete or mortar are affected by the specimens’ size; therefore it is important to consider this effect when estimating the properties of these materials. Despite the extensive studies about the effect of the specimens’ size in concrete, there is a shortage of information about this matter in mortars. This study presented the effects of specimens’ size on the mechanical properties of cement-based lightweight mortars. These included the compressive strength and flexural strength, bulk density, dynamic Young’s modulus, and ultrasonic pulse velocity. For this purpose, statistical analyses were conducted in order to correlate test values from standard samples and small-scale samples and to analyze the feasibility of estimating the mechanical strength from non-destructive tests on small-scale samples. In order to facilitate the production of small-scale specimens, an alternative mixing method was also tested. The results obtained show correlation factors around 0.9, which was found suitable to estimate the mechanical characteristics by using small-scale samples instead of standard specimens. The correlations obtained from the relationships between the results of mechanical strength and non-destructive tests were also evaluated.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Friction Effect in Limiting Dome Height Test
Authors: Sener Bora , Kayali E. Sabri 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
In this study, the effect of friction in limiting dome height test was investigated numerically and experimentally. Ultra-low-carbon galvanized steel sheets were used as a test material. The thickness of the material was 1.2 mm. Limiting dome height tests were carried out by using three different lubricants, and the test was modeled with the finite-element method. Simulations were done using various friction coefficients to show the effect of friction on the limiting dome height test. It has been observed that necking/fracture area is decreasing and necking/fracture location moves toward the pole side of the material with the decline of the friction coefficient. Similar results were also obtained in the experiments.
Reflective Crack Propagation and Control in Asphalt Pavement Widening
Authors: Zhang Junhui , Dai Liangliang , Zheng Jianlong , Wu Houxuan 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
To investigate the reflective crack-propagation behavior and provide control techniques for asphalt pavements widening, the finite-element models were built to simulate the widened asphalt pavement with a latent joint. The developed finite-element model considered the influence factors, including the loading modes (i.e., the symmetrical and unsymmetrical loading modes), the thickness and modulus of the asphalt concrete surface, the modulus of the new and existing stabilized bases, and the sheet stiffness of the reinforced geosynthetic. The finite-element simulation results show that increasing the thickness or reducing the modulus of the asphalt concrete surface effectively delays the propagation speed of the reflective cracks. The cracking potential reaches the minimum when the new and existing bases have a uniform modulus. Additionally, geosynthetic reinforcement across the joints significantly reduces the stress concentration around the crack tip and slows down the propagation of the reflective cracks. These benefits become greater when increasing the sheet stiffness of the geosynthetic. Finally, an experimental study was conducted to investigate the influence of the types of the asphalt overlay and the geosynthetic reinforcement on the reflective crack-propagation behavior. The experimental results indicate that the geosynthetic-reinforced structure with a lower modulus of the asphalt concrete surface significantly increases the fatigue life of widened pavements, and the polypropylene geotextile performs better than the glass-fiber grid in terms of the extension of the fatigue life.
Nuclear Gln3 Import Is Regulated by Nitrogen Catabolite Repression Whereas Export Is Specifically Regulated by Glutamine
Authors: Rai Rajendra , Tate Jennifer J , Shanmuganatham Karthik , Howe Martha M , Nelson David , Cooper Terrance G 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Gln3, a transcription activator mediating nitrogen-responsive gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is sequestered in the cytoplasm, thereby minimizing nitrogen catabolite repression (NCR)-sensitive transcription when cells are grown in nitrogen-rich environments. In the face of adverse nitrogen supplies, Gln3 relocates to the nucleus and activates transcription of the NCR-sensitive regulon whose products transport and degrade a variety of poorly used nitrogen sources, thus expanding the cell’s nitrogen-acquisition capability. Rapamycin also elicits nuclear Gln3 localization, implicating Target-of-rapamycin Complex 1 (TorC1) in nitrogen-responsive Gln3 regulation. However, we long ago established that TorC1 was not the sole regulatory system through which nitrogen-responsive regulation is achieved. Here we demonstrate two different ways in which intracellular Gln3 localization is regulated. Nuclear Gln3 entry is regulated by the cell’s overall nitrogen supply, i.e., by NCR, as long accepted. However, once within the nucleus, Gln3 can follow one of two courses depending on the glutamine levels themselves or a metabolite directly related to glutamine. When glutamine levels are high, e.g., glutamine or ammonia as the sole nitrogen source or addition of glutamine analogues, Gln3 can exit from the nucleus without binding to DNA. In contrast, when glutamine levels are lowered, e.g., adding additional nitrogen sources to glutamine-grown cells or providing repressive nonglutamine nitrogen sources, Gln3 export does not occur in the absence of DNA binding. We also demonstrate that Gln3 residues 64–73 are required for nuclear Gln3 export.
A New Player in the Spermiogenesis Pathway of Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: LaMunyon Craig W , Nasri Ubaydah , Sullivan Nicholas G , Shaw Misa A , Prajapati Gaurav , Christensen Matthew , Elmatari Daniel , Clark Jessica N 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Precise timing of sperm activation ensures the greatest likelihood of fertilization. Precision in Caenorhabditis elegans sperm activation is ensured by external signaling, which induces the spherical spermatid to reorganize and extend a pseudopod for motility. Spermatid activation, also called spermiogenesis, is prevented from occurring prematurely by the activity of SPE-6 and perhaps other proteins, termed “the brake model.” Here, we identify the spe-47 gene from the hc198 mutation that causes premature spermiogenesis. The mutation was isolated in a suppressor screen of spe-27(it132ts), which normally renders worms sterile, due to defective transduction of the activation signal. In a spe-27(+) background, spe-47(hc198) causes a temperature-sensitive reduction of fertility, and in addition to premature spermiogenesis, many mutant sperm fail to activate altogether. The hc198 mutation is semidominant, inducing a more severe loss of fertility than do null alleles generated by CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) technology. The hc198 mutation affects an major sperm protein (MSP) domain, altering a conserved amino acid residue in a β-strand that mediates MSP–MSP dimerization. Both N- and C-terminal SPE-47 reporters associate with the forming fibrous body (FB)-membranous organelle, a specialized sperm organelle that packages MSP and other components during spermatogenesis. Once the FB is fully formed, the SPE-47 reporters dissociate and disappear. SPE-47 reporter localization is not altered by either the hc198 mutation or a C-terminal truncation deleting the MSP domain. The disappearance of SPE-47 reporters prior to the formation of spermatids requires a reevaluation of the brake model for prevention of premature spermatid activation.
Development and validity of a work functioning impairment scale based on the Rasch model among Japanese workers
Authors: Fujino Yoshihisa , Uehara Masamichi , Izumi Hiroyuki , Nagata Tomohisa , Muramatsu Keiji , Kubo Tatsuhiko , Oyama Ichiro , Matsuda Shinya 
Published: September 2015

Development and validity of a work functioning impairment scale based on the Rasch model among Japanese workers: Yoshihisa Fujino, et al. Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, JapanObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to develop a new work functioning impairment scale (WFun) and examine its validity.MethodsThe WFun was developed based on the Rasch model, which consists of seven items. We conducted a pilot study (n=1,000) using an Internet investigation and a field study (n=1,294) in a manufacturing industry, and we additionally collected data from six workplaces from other industries. This series of studies was examined with a Rasch model analyses including item fit statistics as well as hypothesis testing. Convergent validity was used to examined the association of the WFun with the Stanford Presenteeism Scale, SF‐8, Work Ability Index, and several types of job disruptions. We also examined differential test functioning.ResultsAll the items showed adequate fit (infit mean‐square statistics <1.5). The item reliability was 0.98, and the item separation index was 6.37. The person reliability was 0.86, and the person separation index was 2.32. All tests for convergent validity showed significant differences. All p values derived from ANOVA were highly significant (p<0.001). No differential test function was observed between groups by age, sex, or job type or between various samples from different workplaces. The intraclass correlation of the estimated Rasch measurements from these groups was 0.99 (95% CI: 0.976−0.992).ConclusionsThe WFun was confirmed to show good fit to a Rasch model and construct validity. Given that its good fit indicates specific objectivity, this tool will be useful in assessing the ability of individuals to function at work and in evaluating group levels for benchmarking.
Kolonzyste bei einer Katze mit rezidivierender Konstipation und abdominaler Dolenz
Authors: Tambella A. M. , Laus F. , Spaterna A. , Ludewig E. , Rossi G. , Cerquetella M. 
Published: September 2015

ZusammenfassungEine 5-jährige, weiblich-kastrierte Europäisch-Kurzhaar-Katze wurde mit abdominalen Schmerzen und fehlendem Kotabsatz vorgestellt. Die Röntgenaufnahmen zeigten eine Kolonkonstipation. In der Ultraschalluntersuchung konnte eine ovale zystische Struktur in unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft des Kolons dargestellt werden. Die Struktur wies eine aus drei Schichten bestehende Wand auf. Der Inhalt präsentierte sich inhomogen hypoechogen. Über eine Laparotomie wurde die Struktur vollständig entfernt. Dazu musste ein Teil des Kolons reseziert werden. Die Adaptation erfolgte mit einer End-zu-End-Anastomose. Histopathologisch wurden in verschiedenen Lokalisationen der Zystenwand Metaplasien der Schleimhaut nachgewiesen. Eine sichere Einordnung der Zyste als intestinale Duplikationszyste, die im vorliegenden Fall als sehr wahrscheinlich anzusehen ist, als Rudiment des Meckel-Divertikels, als Vitellingang-Zyste oder als zystisches Kolondivertikel war jedoch nicht möglich. Nach dem operativen Eingriff normalisierte sich der Kotabsatz.
Arthroscopic assisted femoral tunnel drilling for the intra-articular anatomic cranial cruciate ligament reconstruction in dogs
Authors: Böttcher P. , Bolia A. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryObjective: To develop and test an arthroscopic aiming device for extrato intra-articular femoral tunnel drilling emerging at the center of the femoral insertion of the cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) in medium to large breed dogs. Material and methods: Hindlimbs (n = 12) of six cadaveric dogs (≥ 20 kg bodyweight). One hindlimb from each cadaver was randomly chosen. On a standard medio-lateral stifle radiograph the caudo-cranial position of the CrCL center was measured and transferred onto an adjustable aiming device. After arthroscopic debridement of the CrCL the aiming device was hooked behind the lateral condyle and a 2.4 mm guide pin was placed from extrato intra-articular. The intra-articular position of the resulting bone tunnel was evaluated radiographically as well as compared to the anatomic CrCl center of the contralateral hindlimb using 3D renderings. Results: According to the postoperative radiographs all six drill tunnels were located at or near the CrCL center. The median absolute 3D error from the anatomical center of the CrCL was 0.6 mm (range: 0.2–0.9 mm). Conclusion: Precise anatomic placement of the femoral tunnel for intra-articular repair of the CrCL was achieved using an adjustable aiming device. Clinical relevance: The proposed technique will reduce femoral tunnel misplacement when performing intra-articular CrCL repair in dogs. In combination with the published technique for arthroscopic tibial tunnel drilling using a similar aiming device, the technical requirements for arthroscopic assisted tunnel positioning for anatomical graft replacement are available.
Recurrent Direct Current Cardioversion Induced Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Smyrlis Athanasios , Yaranov Dmitry , Galin Ira , Khan Shahzad , Alexander Jonathan 
Published: September 2015

<p>Stress cardiomyopathy (SCM), also called broken heart syndrome and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is an increasingly reported syndrome generally characterized by transient systolic dysfunction of the apical and or mid segments of the left ventricle that mimics myocardial infarction, in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease. Typically patients present within a few hours of exposure to physical or emotional stress. However, the mechanism by which these stressors result in myocardial dysfunction is unclear. Proposed factors include catecholamine excess and coronary vasospasm<sup>1</sup>. We present the case of a 61-year-old female who experienced acute pulmonary edema secondary to stress cardiomyopathy, on two occasions immediately after undergoing elective direct current cardioversion (DCCV) for atrial fibrillation (Afib). After an urgent hospitalization for management of acute left ventricular failure, she made a complete clinical and echocardiographic recovery. The incidence, clinical implications and prognosis of DCCV induced SCM is unknown. Given DCCV for Afib is a common outpatient procedure and DCCV induced SCM can lead to acute clinical deterioration it is important that physicians are vigilant about this newly recognized electrical cardioversion complication.</p>
Sistemas de Indicadores de Sustentabilidade Urbana:
Authors: Martins Maria de Fátima , Cândido Gesinaldo Ataíde 
Published: September 2015

Partindo da constatação que os sistemas de indicadores são instrumentos de apoio Ã s políticas públicas e gestão sustentável das cidades, o artigo objetiva identificar os desafios do processo de construção dos sistemas de indicadores urbanos para análise e monitoramento da sustentabilidade das cidades. De tal modo, realizou-se um ensaio teórico sobre sustentabilidade e sistemas de indicadores urbanos, com foco para os principais desafios desse processo. A partir desse estudo, constatou-se que para construção de sistemas de sustentabilidade que sirvam de apoio Ã s políticas públicas urbanas, deve-se partir da compreensão do espaço urbano investigado, adotando uma concepção teórica abrangente aos problemas urbanos para contemplar as diversas dimensões da sustentabilidade. Ademais, deve-se utilizar metodologias adequadas para reduzir a subjetividade da sustentabilidade e a fragilidade de alguns indicadores, no tocante Ã disponibilidade, qualidade e atualização de dados, dotando-os da capacidade de provedor de informações para subsidiar o desenvolvimento urbano sustentável.
Análise das Práticas Ambientais em Atividade de Inovação de Produtos e Processos
Authors: Theis Vanessa , Schreiber Dusan 
Published: September 2015

O objetivo deste artigo é identificar como as práticas ambientais são inseridas nas atividades de inovação de produtos e processos em empresas do segmento metalmecânico, localizadas na região do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, no Rio Grande do Sul. Cumpre destacar que no Estado gaúcho existem em torno de 9,8 mil estabelecimentos no referido setor, prevalecendo empresas de micro e pequeno porte. Utilizando-se a rede de contatos dos pesquisadores, foi realizado estudo de casos múltiplos em cinco organizações, adotando-se critérios de acessibilidade e tempo dos entrevistados. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas em profundidade, sendo as mesmas transcritas e posteriormente submetidas Ã análise de conteúdo. Como principais resultados da pesquisa, constatou-se que as companhias atuam no sentido de atender aos dispositivos legais e que a diferenciação pelas questões ambientais ocorre apenas nos processos industriais. Assim, verifica-se que as organizações trabalham no sentido de inserir as práticas ambientais apenas nas inovações de processos.
Dari IAIN ke UIN Pangeran Antasari: Tantangan dan Peluang di Tengah Arus Perubahan Sosial dan Budaya
Authors: Mujiburrahman Mujiburrahman 
Published: September 2015

Abstract This paper discusses the reasons behind the need for the transformation of the Institute for Islamic Studies (IAIN) Antasari into a State Islamic University (UIN). By analyzing the history of education in Indonesia in terms of tensions between Western (general) education and Islamic education, the paper argues that the transformation is a historical necessity. The transformation should be directed (1) to integrate general knowledge and Islamic knowledge in the university education system; (2) to respond to the social changes in contemporary society, especially the high variety of job markets, which demand professionalism; (3) to be the source of moral and spiritual guidance for society, and (4) to open much more opportunity for people, especially those of the lower class, to have a tertiary education. Abstak Makalah ini mendiskusikan alasan-alasan di balik kebutuhan tranformasi IAIN Antasari menjadi UIN. Dengan melakukan analisis sejarah tentang ketegangan antara sistem pendidikan Barat (umum) dan pendidikan Islam, makalah ini menunjukkan bahwa transformasi tersebut adalah suatu keharusan sejarah. Transformasi itu harus diarahkan untuk (1) mengintegrasikan pengetahuan umum dengan pengetahuan Islam dalam sistem pendidikan di universitas; (2) menanggapi perubahan-perubahan sosial dalam masyarakat kekinian, khususnya tingginya keragaman lapangan kerja, yang menuntut profesionalisme; (3) menjadi sumber bimbingan moral dan spiritual masyarakat; dan (4) membuka kesempatan yang lebih luas bagi masyarakat, khususnya mereka yang dari kelas bawah, untuk mendapatkan pendidikan di perguruan tinggi.
Expression of Phospholipase D in Periodontitis and Its Role in the Inflammatory and Osteoclastic Response by Nicotine‐ and Lipopolysaccharide‐Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells
Authors: Shin Seung‐Yun , Kim Young‐Suk , Lee So‐Youn , Bae Won‐Jung , Park Yong‐Duk , Hyun Yong‐Cheol , Kang KyungLhi , Kim Eun‐Cheol 
Published: September 2015

Background: The aim of the present study is to investigate the expression of phospholipase D (PLD) 1 and PLD2 in periodontal patients and in human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLCs) exposed to nicotine plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis (Toll‐like receptor 2 ligand). Furthermore, the effects of PLD isoform inhibition on the inflammatory response and osteoclast differentiation and its mechanisms were determined.Methods: Proinflammatory mediators were examined by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. To silence the gene expression of the PLD isoforms, cells were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting PLD1 or PLD2. Mouse bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMMs) were used as osteoclast precursor cells for in vitro osteoclastogenesis. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence were used to assess signaling pathways.Results: Chronic smokers with periodontitis exhibited significantly higher PLD1 and PLD2 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression than non‐smokers with periodontitis and healthy controls. Nicotine and LPS upregulated PLD1 and PLD2 mRNA expression in a dose‐dependent manner in HPDLCs. Pharmacologic and siRNA‐mediated inhibition of PLD1 and PLD2 attenuated the nicotine‐ and LPS‐induced upregulation of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase and cyclooxygenase‐2, production of NO, and prostaglandin E2, and mRNA expression and secretion of tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin (IL)‐1β, and IL‐8. The conditioned media from HPDLCs treated with PLD isoform inhibitors or siRNA against PLD inhibited receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) ligand‐mediated osteoclast differentiation, as well as protein expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 and c‐Fos, in BMMs. In addition, PLD isoform inhibitors and siRNA inhibited the nicotine‐ and LPS‐induced activation of phosphoinositide 3‐kinase, protein kinase C, p38, extracellular signal‐regulated kinase, c‐Jun N‐terminal protein kinase, mitogen‐activated protein kinase, and NF‐κB.Conclusion: To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate that PLD isoform inhibition has anti‐inflammatory and antiosteoclastogenic effects and thus may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of periodontitis.