bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weak lasing in one-dimensional polariton superlattices
Authors: Zhang Long , Xie Wei , Wang Jian , Poddubny Alexander , Lu Jian , Wang Yinglei , Gu Jie , Liu Wenhui , Xu Dan , Shen Xuechu , Rubo Yuri G. , Altshuler Boris L. , Kavokin Alexey V. , Chen Zhanghai 
Published: March 2015

Significance
Bose–Einstein condensation of polaritons in periodically modulated cavities is a very interesting fundamental effect of the physics of many-body systems. It is also promising for application in solid-state lighting and information communication technologies. By a simple microassembling method, we created periodically modulated polariton condensates at room temperature, and observed the stabilization of the coherent condensate due to the spontaneous symmetry-breaking transition. This manifests a previously unidentified type of phase transition, leading to a novel state of matter: the weak lasing state. The optical imaging in both direct and reciprocal space provides clear evidence for the weak lasing in the specific range of the pumping intensities.
Variational Principle for a Schrödinger Equation with Non-Hermitian Hamiltonian and Position–Dependent Mass
Authors: Plastino A.R. , Vignat C. , Plastino A. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
A classical field theory for a Schrödinger equation with a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian describing a particle with position-dependent mass has been recently advanced by Nobre and Rego–Monteiro (NR) [Phys. Rev. A 88 (2013) 032105]. This field theory is based on a variational principle involving the wavefunction Ψ(x,t) and an auxiliary field ϕ(x,t). It is here shown that the relation between the dynamics of the auxiliary field ϕ(x,i) and that of the original wavefunction Ψ(x,t) is deeper than suggested by the NR approach. Indeed, we formulate a variational principle for the aforementioned Schrödinger equation which is based solely on the wavefunction Ψ(x,t). A continuity equation for an appropriately defined probability density, and the concomitant preservation of the norm, follows from this variational principle via Noether's theorem. Moreover, the norm-conservation law obtained by NR is reinterpreted as the preservation of the inner product between pairs of solutions of the variable mass Schrödinger equation.
The Blood Flow of Prandtl Fluid Through a Tapered Stenosed Arteries in Permeable Walls with Magnetic Field
Authors: Ellahi R. , S.U. Rahman , Nadeem S. , K. Vafai 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This Communication deals with the blood flow of Prandtl fluid through a tapered stenosed arteries having permeable walls. The governing equations of two-dimensional Prandtl fluid model are modelled in cylindrical coordinates. The highly nonlinear equations are simplified with the help of non-dimensional variables under the assumption of mild stenosis. The solution of reduced nonlinear equation subject to boundary condition of porous walls having the effects of Darcy's number and slip parameter are computed analytically with the help of perturbation method. Effects of emerging parameters such as impedance λ, slip parameter α, stenosis height δ, magnetic parameter and stress component Srz on velocity are illustrated graphically. The streamlines have also been presented to discuss the trapping bolus discipline.
Mathematical Underpinnings of Analytics
Authors: Grindrod Peter 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This book presents analytics within a framework of mathematical theory and concepts, building upon firm theory and foundations of probability theory, graphs, and networks, random matrices, linear algebra, optimization, forecasting, discrete dynamical systems, and more. Following on from the theoretical considerations, applications are given to data from commercially relevant interests: supermarket baskets; loyalty cards; mobile phone call records; smart meters; ‘omic‘ data; sales promotions; social media; and microblogging. Each chapter tackles a topic in analytics: social networks and digital marketing; forecasting; clustering and segmentation; inverse problems; Markov models of behavioural changes; multiple hypothesis testing and decision-making; and so on. Chapters start with background mathematical theory explained with a strong narrative and then give way to practical considerations and then to exemplar applications.
An origin of arc structures deeply embedded in dense molecular cloud cores
Authors: Matsumoto Tomoaki , Onishi Toshikazu , Tokuda Kazuki , Inutsuka Shu-ichiro 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
We investigated the formation of arc-like structures in the infalling envelope around protostars, motivated by the recent Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the high-density molecular cloud core, MC27/L1521F. We performed self-gravitational hydrodynamical numerical simulations with an adaptive mesh refinement code. A filamentary cloud with a 0.1 pc width fragments into cloud cores because of perturbations due to weak turbulence. The cloud core undergoes gravitational collapse to form multiple protostars, and gravitational torque from the orbiting protostars produces arc structures extending up to a 1000 au scale. As well as on a spatial extent, the velocity ranges of the arc structures, ∼0.5 km s−1, are in agreement with the ALMA observations. We also found that circumstellar discs are often misaligned in triple system. The misalignment is caused by the tidal interaction between the protostars when they undergo close encounters because of a highly eccentric orbit of the tight binary pair.
Safeguarding research integrity in China
Authors: Qiu Jane 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
China has an impressive record in the total number of scientific publications in the past decade. In 2012, it churned out 193 733 Science Index Citation papers—4.7 times the 2002 level and second only to the United States. Unfortunately, the standards of science integrity has not kept up with the pace of this development, and many cases of research misconduct have been reported. This prompts many to fear that the country is now facing a critical problem in the field of scientific ethics.
In a forum chaired by National Science Review's executive associate editor Mu-ming Poo, five panellists from diverse backgrounds discuss how serious the problem is, what the root causes are, and how to safeguard research integrity in China.

Gaoqing Max Lu
Provost and Senior Vice President of the University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia

Renzong Qiu
Bioethicist at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences’ Institute of Philosophy in Beijing

Chunfa Wang
Executive Secretary of the Chinese Association of Science and Technology in Beijing

Wei Yang
Director of the National Natural Science Foundation of China in Beijing

Lu Ye
Managing Director and Editorial Director, Physical Science & Engineering of Springer China

Mu-ming Poo (Chair)
Neuroscientist and Director of Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Neuroscience in Shanghai
Effect of Coronal Scoliotic Curvature on Sagittal Spinal Shape
Authors: Hong Jae-Young , Kim Keon-Woo , Suh Seung-Woo , Park Si-Young , Yang Jae-Hyuk 
Published: March 2015

Study Design:
A radiographic analysis with scoliosis patients.

Objectives:
To analyze correlations between sagittal spinal alignment and coronal scoliotic curvature.

Summary of Background Data:
Sagittal spinal alignment and scoliosis may have a significant relationship, and schematic analysis is needed.

Methods:
The study group was comprised of 163 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Subjects underwent anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of the whole spine including hip joints. The radiographic parameters used were magnitude, location and direction of curve, thoracic kyphosis, thoracolumbar kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, sagittal balance, sacral slope, and pelvic angle. Subjects were classified into 4 groups according to the severity of coronal curvature: Cobb angle ≤20 degrees, Cobb angle 21–40 degrees, Cobb angle 41–60 degrees, and Cobb angle >60 degrees. In addition, subjects were divided into 4 subgroups according to Roussouly’s classification (types 1–4) of sagittal spinal shape. Schematic analysis was performed to determine the relationship between coronal and sagittal parameters.

Results:
Analysis of parameters with severity of coronal curvature, thoracic kyphosis, and sacral slope were significantly higher in high-grade scoliosis (P<0.05). However, the pelvic angle was higher in low-grade scoliosis, and sagittal balance showed a significantly higher positive value in low-grade scoliosis (P<0.05). In the analysis of sagittal spinal shapes, Roussouly groups 3 and 4 showed more severe scoliosis with higher lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis (P<0.05). In addition, Roussouly group 1 demonstrated a significantly higher incidence of low-grade scoliosis, whereas groups 3 and 4 had a higher incidence of high-degree scoliosis by cross-relation analysis (P<0.05).

Conclusions:
A significant relationship exists between sagittal spinal shape and coronal curvature in scoliosis. Understanding the biplanar shapes of scoliosis may be helpful to the surgeons.
Pilot Development of an Electronic Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Quiz Game
Authors: Tung Jeanne , Grunow John E. , Jacobs Noel 
Published: March 2015

AbstractObjectives:Data suggest physicians poorly assess disease‐specific literacy and transition readiness in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We piloted an electronic, interactive iPad quiz game that could be used in a clinical setting, with the aims of measuring IBD‐related knowledge, and concomitant mood and quality of life (QOL) in a pediatric population.Methods:Two pediatric IBD clinics developed and tested 2 versions of “Emma.” Patients between 10 and 18 years of age played Emma during an office visit. Each patient answered 12 randomly selected disease‐related questions and 4 mood‐related questions.Results:Sites 1 and 2 tested Emma v1 between May and August 2013. Emma v2 was tested from November 2013 to January 2014 and from September 2013 to January 2014. A total of 56 patients played Emma v1, whereas 60 played Emma v2. In Emma v2, 73.1% of questions were answered correctly. Patients recognized signs of IBD (88%), causes of diarrhea in addition to IBD (79.4%), and could define lactose intolerance (95.8%), but fewer patients understood serological testing used for disease monitoring (68%) or knew that magnetic resonance enterography did not involve radiation (22.9%). Patients tended to report good functioning in the areas of energy, mood, anxiety, and school‐related QOL. Patients with Crohn disease, however, reported higher stress levels compared with patients with ulcerative colitis; older patients reported lower energy levels, and postsurgical patients reported lower QOL.Conclusions:The Emma iPad game has the potential to evaluate gaps in IBD knowledge, assess emotional functioning, and increase patient engagement as a transition tool in the clinical setting.
Simulation of population development in the predator-prey system under changing conditions of interaction
Authors: Tetearing Alexandr N. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe numerical models of populations behaviour, simulated under changing condition of populations interaction (the hungry or full-fed populations, the existence of persons in the personal areas or in the common territory), demonstrate the increase, reduction or damping of oscillations amplitude, that corresponds qualitatively to known experimental data, obtained for real population of bacteria.
Regulatory incentives as a moderator of determinants for the adoption of Malaysian food safety system
Authors: Fernando Yudi , Ng Hooi Huang , Walters Tim 
Published: March 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the contribution of regulatory incentives offered by regulators as a moderator variable enhancing adoption of Malaysian food safety system (MeSTI).

Design/methodology/approach
– Structural equation modelling (SEM) with partial least square (PLS) was used to examine the determinants of MeSTI adoption in food industry.

Findings
– Responses to a questionnaire were collected from 89 firms, and statistical results confirmed that organizational factors (top management support and perceived technical competent) and scheme factors (perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use) have significant influence upon MeSTI adoption. While environment factors (perceived industry pressure and perceived government pressure) and expected factors (expected social legitimacy and expected economic competitiveness) did not have significant impact on MeSTI adoption. Regulatory incentives the government offered had no moderating effect on the relationships of the determinants studied.

Practical implications
– Although many companies remain unfamiliar or have limited knowledge of MeSTI, the respondents surveyed herein, which were small and medium enterprises (SMEs), argued that MeSTI was very helpful in controlling food safety standards in Malaysia. Government or non-government regulatory agencies should promote and encourage food industry compliance with the Malaysian food safety certification. Governments also need to rethink and redesign current regulatory incentives offers to the food industry, which often have no direct impact on the companies’ business.

Originality/value
– Though many factors potentially could influence the industry to adopt a food safety scheme, the moderating effect of regulatory incentives is an interesting area to study in relationship to its potential effects to adopt food safety standards and practices. In some extent, this serves as a yardstick for measuring the impact of voluntary compliance and points to future directions for what should occur in the future.
An empirical investigation of ethnic food consumption
Authors: Ayyub Rana Muhammad 
Published: March 2015

Purpose– Due to globalization and latest immigration patterns, ethnic subgroups are emerging in almost all the advanced countries resulting in significant increase in ethnic food consumption; to which many issues are attached which are not adequately addressed in marketing literature. Recently, marketing researchers have started paying attention to different perspectives of ethnic consumption in intra-national contexts. Halal is one of such fastest growing ethnic food in western societies. The purpose of this paper is to quantitatively study Halal food consumption in majority ethnic groups in relation to possible resistances and acculturation in multicultural society of UK.Design/methodology/approach– The questionnaire survey was used to collect data.Findings– The model was developed by using structural equation modeling (SEM) which shows that both consumer animosity and consumer racism negatively affect willingness to buy Halal food by majority ethnic groups whereas ongoing acculturation moderates these relationships.Research limitations/implications– The main limitation of this study is use of a combination of convenience sampling and snowball sampling.Practical implications– The findings can guide ethnic researchers and food marketers to devise prudent marketing strategies to deal with ethnic food consumption issues.Social implications– This study will bridge a gap in ensuring intercultural harmony by dealing with a market reality.Originality/value– This work has a potential to instigate future research in much needed area of changing food consumption behavior in multicultural societies and its implications.
Bradford’s zone to LIS publications published in collection building journal from 2009-2012: a citation study
Authors: Banateppanavar Koteppa , P Dharanikumar , A B Vindya 
Published: March 2015

Purpose
– The present paper aims at analyzing the research output performance of library and information science (LIS) professionals. Citation analysis of all the journal articles published in the Collection Building journal during 2009-2012 is carried out.

Design/methodology/approach
– The data for this study were drawn from a selective sample of a free e-journal, i.e. Collection Building, available through the Kuvempu University Web site without subscription or registration. A total of 91 articles published during 2009 to 2012 with 1,302 citations. The analysis cover mainly the number of articles, authorship pattern, subject-wise distribution of articles, average number of references per articles, forms of documents cited, rank list of journals, Bradford’s law.

Findings
– The study reveals that journals (53.84 per cent of citations) are the most preferred sources of information used by the researchers in the field of LIS. It is followed by Web resources with 24.27 per cent, these two together constitute 78.11 per cent of total citations and remaining 21.89 per cent of citations from books, proceedings, theses, reports and gazetteer. Collection Building (USA) has ranked first with 68 (9.70 per cent) citations. Further, Bradford’s law of scattering was applied. It is observed that major citations are from journal literature. In addition, more cited materials were contributed by multi-authors, and degree of collaboration is 0.44.

Research limitations/implications
– The paper presents a sense of the importance of LIS research, and as such, informs the community and researchers involved in the citation analysis.

Originality/value
– The outcome of the study is an original research work with citation analysis of LIS publications. The study highlights the information materials available and used by researchers in the field of LIS, and those that need to be added for a healthy collection.
The relative importance of e-tailer website attributes on the likelihood of online purchase
Authors: Tamimi Nabil , Sebastianelli Rose 
Published: March 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present the results of an experiment in which participants view fictitious e-tailing web pages and indicate the likelihood of purchasing the products displayed by manipulating four attributes (familiarity with the e-tailer, product type, summary product review, and the number of customer reviews) in order to determine their relative importance.

Design/methodology/approach
– Individual level conjoint models are estimated to determine the relative importance of the manipulated attributes. Furthermore, cluster analysis is used to group individuals into different segments.

Findings
– The results suggest that the summary review star rating of the product and familiarity with the e-tailer are the two most important attributes. A three cluster solution is obtained and each segment is characterized by the derived relative influence each attribute has on likelihood of online purchase.

Originality/value
– Understanding how consumers make choices among attributes especially when they are confronted with trade-offs has implications for e-tailers wishing to develop effective, targeted strategies for increasing the likelihood of online purchases.
Linking research and practice to address domestic and sexual violence: lessons learned from a statewide conference with researchers and practitioners
Authors: Murray Christine , Ong Isabelle , Smith Paige Hall , Foreman Tamarine , Akers Whitney , Flasch Paulina , Hostler Monika Johnson , Przewoznik Jennifer , Guerrero Catherine , Dooley Rachel 
Published: March 2015

Purpose
– There is a growing emphasis on the need to integrate research and practice in the fields of domestic and sexual violence. However, additional research is needed to identify strategies for key stakeholders to use to bridge research and practice in these areas. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– The current study analyzed qualitative data collected during a statewide conference for researchers and practitioners whose work addresses domestic and/or sexual violence.

Findings
– The findings provide information about building effective researcher-practitioner collaborations, developing methodologically sound studies that address practice-relevant research questions, and identifying steps that funders, state coalitions, researchers, and practitioners can take to advance the integration of research and practice.

Research limitations/implications
– Additional research is needed to evaluate specific approaches to better integrating research and practice related to domestic and sexual violence.

Practical implications
– Researcher-practitioner collaborations offer numerous benefits to advancing research and practice related to domestic and sexual violence. Additional guidance and tangible support is needed to foster these collaborations.

Originality/value
– This study used data collected during an innovative conference that brought together researchers and practitioners. The data have implications for furthering the integration of research and practice related to domestic and sexual violence.
Can international law protect half of humanity? A new strategy to stop violence against women
Authors: Eisler Riane 
Published: March 2015

Purpose
– The Rome Statute, especially Article 7 on Crimes against Humanity, and the principle of Responsibility to Protect (R2P) apply to widespread violations of human rights that a State fails to prohibit or protect against. Yet far too little attention has been paid to systemic crimes that take the lives of many millions of women and girls every year. The purpose of this paper is to detail a proposal to use international law to hold governments and/or their agents accountable when they fail to protect the female half of humanity from widespread and egregious crimes of violence.

Design/methodology/approach
– To accelerate the movement to make women's human rights a global priority, it examines: first, expanding the interpretation of the Rome statute, particularly Article 7 – Crimes against Humanity. Second, where necessary, amending the statute to include gender in addition to race and ethnicity.

Findings
– Seven crimes and their personal, social, and economic consequences are analyzed, and legal remedies are detailed: selective female infanticide and denial to girl children of food and health care; the sex trade and sexual slavery; female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C); domestic violence (from murder in the name of honor and bride burning to acid throwing and battery); rape; child marriage and forced marriage.

Originality/value
– This paper explores a new approach for use by scholars, attorneys, and human rights activists to end the global pandemic of violence against the female half of humanity by invoking the Rome Statute and/or amending it to protect women and girls. It provides a new legal and sociological analysis.
School principals’ role in the interplay between the superintendents and local education authorities
Authors: Addi-Raccah Audrey 
Published: March 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to probe the extent to which principals, as boundary spanners, manage with the influence of the local educational authority (LEA) and the superintendent over school matters.Design/methodology/approach– The study is based on sequential quantitative→qualitative explanatory mixed research design. It is based on a sample of 161 Hebrew elementary school principals in two school districts in Israel who completed a questionnaire and on in-depth interviews with four school principals.Findings– The findings indicated that school principals initiate assistance from the superintendent and the LEA depending on the influence they have in schools. However, they utilize their relations with each external agency differently. With the LEA, they established mutual exchange relations whereas school principals engage with the superintendent in order to negotiate more effectively with the LEA. By doing so, principals can control external agencies’ involvement in schools along with strengthening the power of the central educational authority.Originality/value– The study makes a unique contribution to the literature on school principals’ role with external agencies by revealing their navigation and balancing among the various factors that influence schools. The study highlights the agential role of school principals.