bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skin‐infiltrating Lymphocytes in Normal and Disordered Skin: Activation Signals and Functional Roles in Psoriasis and Mycosis Fungoides‐type Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Cooper Kevin D. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractT lymphocytes recruited into the skin can experience several different outcomes. On the one hand, they may be recruited by adhesion molecules and chemoattractants to enter the perivascular space, but never undergo activation. Other T cells undergo activation and further differentiation under the influence of the cutaneous milieu. These activated lymphocytes then coordinate specific and non‐specific immune responses characteristic of inflamed tissue. We have explored two models for studying the activation and function of skin infiltrating T lymphocytes (SIL's). In the first model, we have identified a family of Langerhans cell‐related professional dendritic antigen presenting cells that exist in the epidermis and dermis of normal skin, atopic skin, and mycosis fungoides skin. These have APC abilities to activate freshly recruited resting blood T cells that are distinct from another family of macrophage‐related cells abnormally present in sunburned or psoriatic skin. In the second model, we examined the function of cells that have already been recruited into the skin of patients with psoriasis and mycosis fungoides. Lesional psoriasis and mycosis fungoides T cells exhibited a variety of T cell receptor gene rearrangements, conclusively demonstrating that heterogeneous populations of T lymphocytes exist in inflamed human skin. From psoriasis, clones were identified that were particularly effective at inducing normal keratinocytes to assume “psoriatic” phenotypic features and functions. Thus, lesional psoriatic SIL's could induce HLA‐DR, ICAM, and CDw60 on normal keratinocytes. In addition, psoriatic SIL's induced increased keratinocyte proliferation and cytokine profile changes characteristic of psoriatic epidermis.In conclusion, certain APC subsets dominate epidermal and dermal compartments in normal and diseased skin, and may influence the level of activation and type of differentiation of freshly recruited SIL's. Established SIL's demonstrate functions that serve to propagate the self sustaining pathophysiology of chronic disease.
In vitro Keratin Expression of Hair Cells
Authors: Kitano Yukio , Saito Katsuyuki , Okamoto Eriko , Okano Yuri , Tanigaki‐Obana Noriko , Ito Kaoru , Tazawa Toshio , Ito Masaaki 
Published: April 2015

AbstractHuman hair follicles were isolated from the scalp by dispase and collagenase treatment and dispersed into a cell suspension by trypsin. These cells proliferated well and could be subcultured 7 to 8 times. The medium used was MCDB 153 HAA medium further supplemented with some amino acids, hydrocortisone, insulin, EGF, and bovine brain extract. The concentration of Ca++ was adjusted to 0.1 mM. Immunohistochemically, these cells were proved to possess keratins specific to hair forming cells.
Gangliosides of Melanoma
Authors: Tsuchida Tetsuya , Ishibashi Yasumasa 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe relationships between the ganglioside composition of melanomas and their biologic behavior were investigated. (1) The amount of GM2 and/or GD2 in melanoma cells injected into nude mice correlated with the tumor growth rate. (2) GD2 content of melanoma cell lines correlated with sensitivity to radiation and vincristine. (3) GM2 expression of melanoma cells correlated with sensitivity to lymphokine‐activated killer cells. (4) Gangliosides inhibited the proliferation of human T cells stimulated with interleukin‐4 or interleukin‐2.Based on these results, we proposed a hypothesis for the role of melanoma‐associated gangliosides in the biologic behavior of melanomas and suggested a prospective melanoma treatment related to the gangliosides.
Melanoma‐associated Antigen Synthesized In vitro for Active Specific Immunotherapy
Authors: Hayashibe Kazuhito 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe immunogenicity of the antigen molecule is a prerequisite for active specific immunotherapy for melanoma. Since most of the melanoma‐associated antigens recognized by the murine immune system are known to be not immunogenic in man, a detection and analysis system for melanoma‐associated antigens is required to reflect in vivo immune responses in patients with melanoma. One of the promising approaches, an attempt to develop human monoclonal antibodies from B lymphocytes of patients with melanoma, has met with limited success due to the difficulties of producing large amounts of antibodies and using them in immunochemical assays, because most of them belong to the IgM class and have low affinity.Our approach is to utilize the screening of a cDNA expression library constructed from mRNA extracted from cultured melanoma cells with antibodies from patients with melanoma. The cloned cDNA, designated as D‐1, had 1029 bp and showed no significant homology with viral and mammalian sequences stored in GENETYX. cDNA D‐1 hybridized to a 2.0 kb mRNA species from 3 different cell lines of human melanoma, neuroblastoma, erythroleukemia, B lymphoid, and T lymphoid cells, but not from a renal carcinoma cell line, normal peripheral lymphocytes, or normal fibroblasts.The in vivo expression and distribution of mRNA related to cDNA D‐1 has been examined in tissue specimens by in situ hybridization and shown to be rather restricted on melanoma cells. The polypeptide antigen encoded by cDNA D‐1 may be a valuable immunogen for implementing active specific immunotherapy in patients with melanoma.
The Neuropathology of Tuberous Sclerosis
Authors: Scheithauer Bernd W. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTuberous sclerosis, an autosomal dominant disorder associated with hamartomas in multiple organs, prominently affects the central nervous system; principle lesions include subependymal nodules and giant cell astrocytomas, white matter heterotopias, and cortical tubers. Histologic, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural features of these processes suggest they have their basis in abnormal cell migration and differentiation. Aberrant expression of cystoskeletal proteins appears to be common to the multisystem hamartomas of this disorder and may, in part, underlie their pathogenesis.
Mechanisms of Local, Low‐dose UVB‐induced Immunosuppression in Contact Hypersensitivity
Authors: Tokura Yoshiki 
Published: April 2015

AbstractPreirradiation of contact sensitizing sites to low‐dose ultraviolet B (UVB) renders animals unresponsive to challenge reaction. This unresponsiveness is known as local, low‐dose UVB‐induced immunosuppression. Although researchers in this area have developed theories, the exact mechanisms of UVB‐induced immunosuppression are still a matter of controversy. This article reviewed various scientific data on UVB‐induced immunosuppression, categorizing them into individual sequential steps in the whole cascade.
Keratin: A Journey of Three Decades
Authors: Freedberg Irwin M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractDuring the past three decades, major progress has been made in our understanding of the processes which lead to the formation of a keratinized epidermis in normal and pathologic situations. Stimulated by clinical studies of exfoliative dermatitis and related diseases, a series of investigations have been performed which proved initially that the pathways and controls of epidermal protein synthesis were equivalent to protein synthetic pathways in all other tissues of the body. Keratin was identified as not only an insoluble protein which makes up the vast majority of the intracellular protein in the stratum corneum, but as a member of the intermediate filament family of cytoskeletal proteins. Of all such proteins, the keratins are most complex, occurring in two families separable on the basis of size, structure and isoelectric point. The keratin intermediate filaments are heteropolymers of two paired components, one from each family.The pairs of keratins which form the intermediate filaments in basal and differentiated layers of epidermis and other epithelia have been defined and antibodies to specific keratins are now being used for diagnostic purposes. Sophisticated biochemical, physicochemical, and molecular biologic studies have led to complete definitions of almost all the epithelial keratin molecules and to cloning of their genes. These genes are currently being used in analyses of control of keratin expression and definition of the specific abnormalities associated with “keratinopathies” including epidermolysis bullosa simplex and epidermolytic hyperkeratosis.
Trichilemmal Carcinoma Occurring in a Lesion of Solar Keratosis
Authors: Misago Noriyuki , Tanaka Tatsurou , Kohda Hiromu 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA case of trichilemmal carcinoma occurring in a lesion of solar keratosis was reported. A 92‐year‐old woman had an erythematous plaque on her face that contained a reddish nodule. Histological examination of the nodule revealed typical features of trichilemmal carcinoma accompanied by those of solar keratosis in the marginal zone. The histological features of the erythematous plaque corresponded with those of solar keratosis. However, in situ the carcinoma developed in the epithelium of a hair follicle as well as in the interfollicular epidermis in the lesion of solar keratosis. We considered it likely that bowenoid malignant transformation occurred in both interadnexal and adnexal epithelium because of actinic damage, and a trichilemmal carcinoma arose. The paper also discussed the histogenesis of trichilemmal carcinoma.
Warty Dyskeratoma with Multiple Lesions
Authors: Azuma Yuko , Matsukawa Ataru 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA 63‐year‐old man with multiple nodules and pathological findings of acantholysis is reported as a case of warty dyskeratoma presenting with multiple lesions. The number of nodules is the highest in the records as far as we know. We conclude that warty dyskeratoma originates from the hair follicle.
Analysis of 70 KD Heat Shock Protein (HSP70) Expression in the Lesional Skin of Lupus Erythematosus (LE) and LE Related Diseases
Authors: Ghoreishi Mehran , Katayama Ichiro , Yokozeki Hiroo , Nishioka Kiyoshi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBiopsied specimens from skin lesions of SLE were studied for expression of 70 KD heat shock protein (HSP70). The pattern of HSP70 expression in SLE was diffuse in whole epidermis, hair follicles, and sweat gland cells and rather more intense than that in other control groups or normal skin. No significant differences in HSP70 expression were observed between sun‐exposed and protected areas of SLE skin lesions. Unlike SLE, reduced or no expression of HSP70 was observed in skin lesions of DLE. In tissue culture, UVB radiation in vitro induced relatively intense expression of HSP70 in the nuclear area of keratinocytes. A few γδT cell receptor positive cells which might respond to HSP70 expressing cells were detected in the basal layer of skin lesions of diseases.These studies suggest that abberant expression of HSP70 in skin lesions of SLE might contribute to both skin lesions and antibody formation in SLE.
Cactus Granuloma of the Skin
Authors: Suzuki Hiroyuki , Baba Shunichi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA case of cactus granuloma due to the thorns of Opuntia bieglovii Engelman is reported. A 24‐year‐old Japanese man contacted the thorns of this cactus in Palm Springs, California, U.S.A., and, three months later, numerous, slightly elevated papules 2 to 4 mm in diameter appeared on the dorsum of his right hand and fingers. Histopathological examination revealed many small granulomas surrounding the bristle fragments throughout the dermis. The granulomas consisted of epithelioid cells, Langhans type and foreign body type giant cells. The fragments of the barbed bristles gave strongly positive reactions with PAS. Two hypothetical mechanisms, one allergic and the other non‐allergic, are offered to explain this granuloma formation and are discussed with reference to the literature.
Clinical Efficacy and Side Effects of Acitretin on the Disorders of Keratinization: A One‐year Study
Authors: Kullavanijaya Preya , Kulthanan Kanokvalai 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAcitretin, Ro 10‐1670, the principal and free acid metabolite of etretinate, was used to treat twenty patients with disorders of keratinization. An open, prospective study of clinical efficacy, tolerability, and the effects of acitretin on lipid metabolism, hepatic function, and the osteoarticular system was performed over a one year period. Each patient was initially treated with 30 mg/day of acitretin or approximately 0.6 mg/kg/day. Doses were adjusted according to the clinical efficacy and maintained for one year. There were no statistically significant changes in liver function tests or lipid profile. Twelve of eighteen evaluated patients developed asymptomatic skeletal changes; the most common change was disc space narrowing, especially at thoracic‐spine level (7 of 18 patients). The earliest bone change was detected 9 months after treatment. Acitretin is effective in improving the disorders of keratinization with mild mucocutaneous side effects and asymptomatic osteoarticular changes.
A Case of Cystic Dermal Duct Tumor Corresponding to Poroid Hidradenoma
Authors: Ichioka Shigeru , Yamada Atsushi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA case of dermal duct tumor on the back of a 61‐year‐old male, representing a cystic lesion, is reported. Such cystic dermal duct tumors seem to be considered poroid hidradenomas according to the recently suggested classification of poromas. Poroid hidradenoma is rarely mentioned in the literature, and no description of its clinical features has yet been published. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) immunostaining was positive in the tumor cells adjacent to the cystic space. We suppose that these CEA‐positive cells were associated with cyst formation in our case.
Calcinosis Cutis in Juvenile Dermatomyositis Responsive to Aluminum Hydroxide Treatment
Authors: Nakagawa Toshifumi , Takaiwa Takashi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractCalcinosis cutis is a frequent complication of juvenile dermatomyositis; however, its treatment remains unsatisfactory. We report a case of calcinosis cutis in juvenile dermatomyositis which was successfully treated with oral aluminum hydroxide. Almost complete clearing of calcinosis was observed after 8 months of therapy. There were no adverse effects from therapy. Aluminum hydroxide is worth trying in treating calcinosis cutis.
Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia on the Penis: Report of a Case
Authors: Dekio Satoshi , Tsujino Yoshio , Jidoi Joji 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAn 82‐year‐old Japanese man with intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia on the penis is described. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient who developed this tumor on his penis.
Acral Ichthyosiform Mucinosis in Association with Sjögren's Syndrome: A Peculiar Form of Pretibial Myxedema?
Authors: Yamazaki Sayuri , Katayama Ichiro , Satoh Takahiro , Yokozeki Hiroo , Nishioka Kiyoshi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTwo Japanese women developed well‐dermarcated ichthyosiform plaques on the lateral aspect of their lower legs. Deposition of mucin was demonstrated throughout the papillary dermis, unlike the site of mucin deposition seen in pretibial myxedema. Their thyroid function was normal. The condition of both women was complicated by Sjögren's syndrome. One of them who presented with positive anti‐microsomal and anti‐thyroglobulin antibodies had goiter, suggesting that her malady was also complicated by Hashimoto's thyroiditis.Their skin manifestations differed from those described in cutaneous mucinosis including pretibial myxedema, specifically with regard to the well‐demarcated ichthyosiform appearance, the mucin deposition in the papillary dermis, and the association with Sjögren's syndrome. To the best of our knowledge, our cases may thus be considered to be a previously undescribed form of cutaneous mucinosis associated with Sjögren's syndrome.
Organ Culture of Mouse Vibrissal Hair Follicles in Serum‐free Medium
Authors: Jindo Toshimasa , Imai Ryusuke , Takamori Kenji , Ogawa Hideoki 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe developed a method for organ culture of mouse vibrissal hair follicles in a serum‐free medium. Cultures conducted at 31°C in 95% O2‐5% CO2 were found to be suitable for the follicles, with several findings of considerable interest pertaining to hair growth. During the 96 h culture period, the length of the isolated follicles significantly increased; the hair bulb cells maintained their normal morphology; and DNA and protein synthesis within the bulb increased time‐dependently. Furthermore, autoradiography showed that 3H‐thymidine‐labeling was localized in the matrix cells below Auber's critical line in the hair bulb; 3H‐leucine‐labeling was found in the epithelial region; and 35S‐cysteine‐labeling was detected in the cortex of hair, particularly in the keratogenous zone. These results indicate that the culture system using mouse vibrissal hair would be potentially useful as an effective model for examination of hair growth.
Dolichonychia in a Patient with the Marfan Syndrome
Authors: Cohen Philip R. , Milewicz Dianna M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractDolichonychia is a descriptive term for elongated, slender nails. Although published observations of this finding are uncommon, dolichonychia has previously been seen in patients with connective tissue disorders, with hypohidrotic ectoderma dysplasia, or with abnormal hormonal states. Dolichonychia is a clinical feature which may be observed in patients with the Marfan syndrome. A woman with the Marfan syndrome and dolichonychia is described. Measurements of the patient's arm span, height, lower segment, hand length, and middle finger length were performed. In addition, the length‐to‐width ratio of each of her finger nails was determined. The mean of finger nail length‐to‐width quotients in the patient with the Marfan syndrome was 1.54. In conclusion, the detection of dolichonychia should prompt the physician to rule out associated systemic conditions: after eunuchoidism, hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, and hypopituitarism have been excluded, an evaluation for Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome and the Marfan syndrome should be considered.
Cutaneous Reactions Induced by Calcium Channel Blocker: High Frequency of Psoriasiform Eruptions
Authors: Kitamura Kazuko , Kanasashi Mugiko , Suga Chizuka , Saito Sumi , Yoshida Sadao , Ikezawa Zenro 
Published: April 2015

AbstractFifteen cases with cutaneous reactions to calcium channel blockers (Ca‐antagonist), dihydropiridine (including nicardipine, nifedipine, nisoldipine), verapamil, and diltiazem are reported. The patients from Yokohama City University Hospital and affiliated hospitals included 4 males and 11 females with cardiovascular diseases. Their average age was 64.7 (54 to 82) years. They had been taking Ca‐antagonists for an average of 95 days (7 days to 10 years) before they developed dermatitis. The frequency of reactions to Ca‐antagonists was high with diltiazem (5/16: 31.25%) and dihydropyridine (7/16: 43.75%), including nifedipine (4/7), nisoldipine (1/7), and nicardipine (2/7). Stevens‐Johnson syndrome (MCOS) was associated only with verapamil.A notable type of eruption was the psoriasiform type, including exacerbation of psoriasis, which was resolved or easily controlled after discontinuation of the drug. Provocation tests verified the Ca‐antagonist as the cause in 7 cases of psoriasiform eruption.The frequency of positive patch tests to Ca‐antagonists was low except for diltiazem. Patch tests with diltiazem showed positive reactions in 54% (7 of 13 patients), based on our experience and papers published in Japan.Ca‐antagonists are occasional causes of a wide spectrum of cutaneous reactions and should also be considered as causative factors in patients who develop psoriasiform eruptions or in patients whose psoriasis is exacerbated while using these drugs.
Familial Cases of Psoriasis Vulgaris and Pustulosis Palmaris et Plantaris
Authors: Matsuoka Yukari , Okada Natsuko , Yoshikawa Kunihiko 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTwo familial cases of psoriasis vulgaris and pustulosis palmaris et plantaris and their HLA types were examined. Our cases suggest a close genetic relationship between these two diseases.
Quantitative Analysis of Stratum Corneum Lipids in Xerosis and Asteatotic Eczema
Authors: Akimoto Kayoko , Yoshikawa Nobuko , Higaki Yuko , Kawashima Makoto , Imokawa Genji 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSphingolipids, a major constituent of intercellular lipids, are an important determinant for both water‐holding and permeability barrier function in the stratum corneum. To assess the pathogenic role of sphingolipids in the stratum corneum of dry skin disorders such as xerosis and asteatotic eczema in leg skin, ceramides were quantified by thin layer chromatography after n‐hexane/ethanol extraction of resin‐stripped stratum corneum and evaluated as μg/mg stratum corneum. In healthy leg skin (n=49), there was age‐related decline in the total ceramide, whereas xerosis (n=25) and asteatotic eczema (n=16) suffering significantly reduced water‐holding properties, exhibited no definite decrease, rather slight increase in ceramide quantity with the same composition of each individual ceramide as compared to healthy age‐matched controls. These data indicate that the seemingly elevated level of ceramide is an artificial effect due to inflammatory processes which result from susceptibility to dryness. Analysis of sebum‐derived lipids present in the stratum corneum revealed that there was a significant decline in free fatty acids in xerosis and asteatotic eczema as compared to age‐matched healthy controls, and a similar decline in triglycerides in the above three groups when compared to younger controls. Although the observed decrease in the stratum corneum lipids may well explain the high incidence of winter dry skin in older people, the progression toward asteatotic eczema can not be accompanied solely by a decrease in ceramide quantity, suggesting that the evolution of xerotic skin is associated with other moisturizing factors and/or environmental stimuli.
A Case of Progressive Systemic Sclerosis Associated with Sarcoidosis and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Maekawa Yoshihiro , Nogami Reiko 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA 50‐year‐old Japanese female with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS, CREST syndrome) is reported. During treatment for PSS, she was diagnosed by clinical and laboratory findings as having sarcoidosis, which was confirmed by histological examination of the skin and lymph nodes in July of 1991. She complained of back pain in August of 1991. Reflux esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus, found by endoscopy, progressed into a well‐differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. This is a very rare case of PSS associated with sarcoidosis and esophageal adenocarcinoma developing from Barrett's esophagus.
Erythroderma, Hair Loss, and Sinus Histiocytosis with Massive Lymphadenopathy in a XYY‐Male
Authors: Tsukahara Tetsuya , Horiuchi Yasuhiro , Ohkawa Tsukasa , Masuzawa Mikio , Nishiyama Shigeo , Ohida Makiko 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis paper presents a case of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) presenting as erythroderma in an XYY‐male aged 27. The patient had little or no scalp, axillary, or pubic hair. Histologically, lymph nodes indicated dilatation of the sinuses with proliferation of benign‐appearing histiocytes possessing abundant clear cytoplasm, admixed with giant cells and pericapsular fibrosis. Infiltrating histiocytes in the lymph nodes were OKM‐1 (CD11b) positive, which is characteristic of monocyte‐granulocyte lineages. In the present case, the abnormal presence of erythroderma, hair loss, SHML, and a chromosomal abnormality, XYY, were thought to be incidental features.