bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and in vitro Antifungal Activities of New 2‐Aryl‐6,7‐methylenedioxy‐3,4‐dihydroisoquinolin‐2‐ium Bromides.
Authors: Yang Xinjuan , Yao Yao , Qin Yuyan , Hou Zhe , Yang Rui , Miao Fang , Zhou Le 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA simple method is elaborated for the preparation of novel dihydroisoquinolinium bromides (IV) (26 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Hexahydro‐1H‐pyrano‐ and Thiopyran[3,4‐c]quinoline Derivatives Through a Prins Cascade Cyclization.
Authors: Reddy B. V. Subba , Medaboina Durgaprasad , Sridhar B. , Singarapu Kiran Kumar 
Published: December 2013

AbstractE‐configured arylaminoalcohols afford trans‐fused quinoline derivatives, whereas the corresponding Z‐configured ones give cis‐fused quinolines under similar reaction conditions with high selectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Synthesis of β‐Substituted‐δ‐aminoboronic Esters from Nitriles.
Authors: Ramachandran P. Veeraghavan , Mitsuhashi Wataru , Biswas Debanjan , Nicponski Daniel R. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA stereocontrolled synthesis of δ‐aminoboronic esters is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed P‐Arylation via Direct Coupling of Diaryliodonium Salts with Phosphorus Nucleophiles at Room Temperature.
Authors: Xu Jian , Zhang Pengbo , Gao Yuzhen , Chen Yiyin , Tang Guo , Zhao Yufen 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThis new method provides a very simple and high‐yielding access to different substituted phosphine oxides and phosphonates within short reactions times.
Exploring performance and power properties of modern multi‐core chips via simple machine models
Authors: Hager Georg , Treibig Jan , Habich Johannes , Wellein Gerhard 
Published: December 2013

SummaryModern multi‐core chips show complex behavior with respect to performance and power. Starting with the Intel Sandy Bridge processor, it has become possible to directly measure the power dissipation of a CPU chip and correlate this data with the performance properties of the running code. Going beyond a simple bottleneck analysis, we employ the recently published Execution‐Cache‐Memory (ECM) model to describe the single‐core and multi‐core performance of streaming kernels. The model refines the well‐known roofline model, because it can predict the scaling and the saturation behavior of bandwidth‐limited loop kernels on a multi‐core chip. The saturation point is especially relevant for considerations of energy consumption. From power dissipation measurements of benchmark programs with vastly different requirements to the hardware, we derive a simple, phenomenological power model for the Sandy Bridge processor. Together with the ECM model, we are able to explain many peculiarities in the performance and power behavior of multi‐core processors and derive guidelines for energy‐efficient execution of parallel programs. Finally, we show that the ECM and power models can be successfully used to describe the scaling and power behavior of a lattice Boltzmann flow solver code. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Atom‐Efficient Route for Converting Incineration Ashes into Heavy Metal Sorbents
Authors: Chiang Yi Wai , Santos Rafael M. , Vanduyfhuys Kenneth , Meesschaert Boudewijn , Martens Johan A. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBottom ashes produced from municipal solid‐waste incineration are suitable for sorbent synthesis because of their inherent composition, high alkalinity, metastable mineralogy, and residual heat. This work shows that bottom ashes can be atom‐efficiently converted into valuable sorbents without the need for costly and hazardous chemicals. The ashes were hydrothermally treated in rotary autoclaves at autogenic pH conditions to promote the conversion of precursor mineral phases into zeolites and layered silicate hydrates. Two main mineral phases were formed: katoite and sodium aluminum phosphate silicate hydrate. These mineral alterations are accompanied by a tenfold increase in specific surface area and a twofold reduction in average particle size. Performance evaluation of the new sorbents for Cd2+, Zn2+, and Pb2+ adsorption at pH 5 indicates sorption capacities of 0.06, 0.08, and 0.22 mmol g−1, respectively, which are similar to those of natural adsorbents and synthetic materials obtained from more demanding synthesis conditions.
Total Synthesis of Calothrixin B and Its Analogs
Authors: Saravanan Velu , Muthu Ramalingam Bose , Mohanakrishnan Arasambattu K. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe total synthesis of calothrixin B and its analogs was achieved starting from 2‐methylindole. The synthesis involved an electrocyclization of 2‐nitroarylvinyl‐3‐phenylsulfonylvinylindoles as a key step to give 2‐nitroaryl‐4‐methoxy‐3‐methylcarbazoles. Oxidation of these compounds followed by reductive cyclization led to N‐phenylsulfonylquinocarbazoles. These quinocarbazoles underwent hydrolysis and aerial oxidation in one pot to give the target compounds.
Direct Access to 4,5‐Disubstituted [2.2]Paracyclophanes by Selective ortho‐Halogenation with Pd‐Catalyzed C–H Activation
Authors: Kramer Joshua J. P. , Yildiz Ceylan , Nieger Martin , Bräse Stefan 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed protocol for the halogenation of [2.2]paracyclophanes by C–H activation is described, and ortho selectivity is achieved with an O‐methyloxime directing group. Bromination and iodination of the sterically demanding [2.2]paracyclophane proceed in good yields with inexpensive and readily available N‐halosuccinimides. Deprotection of the O‐methyloximes yields ortho‐halogenated aldehydes as attractive intermediates for the modular synthesis of 4,5‐disubstituted [2.2]paracyclophanes. The synthetic value of this protocol was demonstrated by exemplary conversions of the carbaldehyde and halogen site. Additionally, early stage resolution and subsequent bromination/deprotection provides the brominated aldehyde in enantiopure form.
Hippocampal spatial mapping and the acquisition of competing responses
Authors: Skinner Darlene M. , Martin Gerard M. , Wright Sandra L. , Tomlin Julian , Odintsova Irina V. , Thorpe Christina M. , Harley Carolyn W. , Marrone Diano F. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTResponse reversal learning is facilitated in many species, including humans, when competing responses occur in separate contexts. This suggests hippocampal maps may facilitate the acquisition of competing responses and is consistent with the hypothesis that contextual encoding permits rapid acquisition of new behaviors in similar environments. To test this hypothesis, the pattern of Arc expression was examined after rats completed a series of left/right response reversals in a T‐maze. This reversal training occurred in the same room, two different rooms, or within a single room but with the maze enclosed in wall‐length curtains of different configurations (i.e., black/white square or circle). Across CA1 and CA3, successive T‐maze exposures in the same room recruited the same cells to repeatedly transcribe Arc, while a unique population of cells transcribed Arc in response to each of two different rooms as well as to the two unique curtain configurations in the same room. The interference from original learning that was evident on the first reversal in animals without a context switch was absent in groups that experienced changes in room or curtain configuration. However, only the use of unique rooms, and not changes in the curtained enclosure, facilitated learning across response reversals relative to the groups exposed to only one room. Thus, separate hippocampal maps appear to provide protection from the original learning interference but do not support improved reversals over trials. The present data suggest changes in heading direction input, rather than remapping, are the source of facilitation of reversal learning. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Regional vulnerability of hippocampal subfields to aging measured by structural and diffusion MRI
Authors: Pereira Joana B. , Valls‐Pedret Cinta , Ros Emilio , Palacios Eva , Falcón Carles , Bargalló Nuria , Bartrés‐Faz David , Wahlund Lars‐Olof , Westman Eric , Junque Carme 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn the past few years, there has been an increasing awareness of the regional vulnerability of the hippocampus to age‐related processes. However, to date, no studies have assessed the effects of age on different structural magnetic resonance parameters in the specific hippocampal subfields. In this study, we measured volume, mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) in the presubiculum, subiculum, fimbria, cornu ammonis (CA) 1,2‐3,4‐DG and the whole hippocampus in fifty cognitively intact elder adults between 50 and 75 years of age (20 men, 30 women). Segmentation of hippocampal subfields was performed using FreeSurfer. Individual MD and FA images were coregistered to T1‐weighted volumes using FLIRT of FSL. Linear regression analyses were performed to assess the effects of age on the anatomical measures of each subfield. In addition, multiple regression analyses were also carried out to assess which of the anatomical measures that showed a correlation with age in the previous analyses, were the best age predictors in the hippocampus. In agreement with previous studies, our results showed a significant association between age and volume (P < 0.001) as well as MD (P < 0.001) in the whole hippocampus. Regarding the specific hippocampal subfields, we found that age had a significant negative effect on volume in CA2‐3 (P < 0.001) and CA4‐DG (P < 0.001). Importantly, we found a positive effect of age on MD in CA2‐3 (P < 0.001) and fimbria (P < 0.001) as well as a negative age effect on FA in the subiculum (P < 0.001). Multiple regression analyses revealed that the best overall predictors of age in the hippocampus were MD in the fimbria and volume of CA2‐3, which explained 73.8% of the age variance. These results indicate that age has an effect both on volume and diffusion tensor imaging measures in different subfields, suggesting they provide complementary information on age‐related processes in the hippocampus. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Phenotype of mice with inducible ablation of GluA1 AMPA receptors during late adolescence: Relevance for mental disorders
Authors: Inta Dragos , Vogt Miriam A. , Elkin Hasan , Weber Tillmann , Lima‐Ojeda Juan M. , Schneider Miriam , Luoni Alessia , Riva Marco A. , Gertz Karen , Hellmann‐Regen Julian , Kronenberg Golo , Meyer‐Lindenberg Andreas , Sprengel Rolf , Gass Peter 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTAdolescence is characterized by important molecular and anatomical changes with relevance for the maturation of brain circuitry and cognitive function. This time period is of critical importance in the emergence of several neuropsychiatric disorders accompanied by cognitive impairment, such as affective disorders and schizophrenia. The molecular mechanisms underlying these changes at neuronal level during this specific developmental stage remains however poorly understood. GluA1‐containing AMPA receptors, which are located predominantly on hippocampal neurons, are the primary molecular determinants of synaptic plasticity. We investigated here the consequences of the inducible deletion of GluA1 AMPA receptors in glutamatergic neurons during late adolescence. We generated mutant mice with a tamoxifen‐inducible deletion of GluA1 under the control of the CamKII promoter for temporally and spatially restricted gene manipulation. GluA1 ablation during late adolescence induced cognitive impairments, but also marked hyperlocomotion and sensorimotor gating deficits. Unlike the global genetic deletion of GluA1, inducible GluA1 ablation during late adolescence resulted in normal sociability. Deletion of GluA1 induced redistribution of GluA2 subunits, suggesting AMPA receptor trafficking deficits. Mutant animals showed increased hippocampal NMDA receptor expression and no change in striatal dopamine concentration. Our data provide new insight into the role of deficient AMPA receptors specifically during late adolescence in inducing several cognitive and behavioral alterations with possible relevance for neuropsychiatric disorders. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Treatment of single peripheral pulmonary emboli: Patient outcomes and factors associated with decision to treat
Authors: Green O'Neil , Lempel Jason , Kolodziej Andrew , Sandhu Rabinder , Castro‐Pereira Daniel , Wang Yun , Lee Ronald , Fine Jonathan M. 
Published: December 2013

BACKGROUNDIncreasing use of computed tomography pulmonary angiography together with higher‐resolution scanners has increased the detection of peripheral filling defects. Physicians face the dilemma of whether to treat patients with these findings, especially single defects. The aims of this study were to compare the outcomes of treated and untreated patients with single peripheral filling defects (SPFD) and identify factors associated with treatment.METHODSAll cases with SPFDs over 66 months in a single institution were identified. Patient and treatment information were abstracted and data on 90‐day mortality and postdischarge venous thromboembolism (VTE) were collected.RESULTSA total of 4906 computed tomography pulmonary angiograms were reviewed. A SPFD was identified in 3.1% (n = 153). Of the 153 patients, 134 met criteria for study inclusion. In 99 of 134 (73.9%) studies, the defect was called a pulmonary embolus (PE) by the initial radiologist. Treatment was administered to 61 of 134 (45.5%) patients; 5 patients died in each group. Postdischarge VTE occurred in 3 treated and 2 untreated patients. In 52 of 153 cases, an additional study was performed. None of the patients with normal ventilation perfusion scan and compression ultrasound received treatment. Immobility (odds ratio [OR]: 3.90, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.45‐10.60), previous VTE (OR: 3.72, 95% CI: 1.18‐11.70), and determination of PE by the radiologist (OR: 24.68, 95% CI: 5.40–112.90) were associated with treatment.CONCLUSIONSThere was no difference in 90‐day mortality or recurrence between treated and untreated patients. The most influential factor associated with treatment was the radiologist's interpretation. When secondary lung imaging studies were negative, no patient received treatment. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2014;9:42–47. © 2013 Society of Hospital Medicine
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY: INFLAMMATION, INFECTION AND COMORBIDITY IN PATIENTS ON LONG‐TERM DIALYSIS
Authors: Akbaş Türkay , Mülazımoğlu Lütfiye , Aksu Burak , Akoğlu Emel 
Published: December 2013

SUMMARYBackgroundThe goal of this study was to identify inflammatory and infectious markers and their roles in mortality.MethodsWe enrolled 111 patients on haemodialysis (HD) and collected data at three time points (baseline, 33 and 76 months).ResultsRates of Chlamydophila pneumoniae IgG, CRP ≥3 mg/l, ESR >50 mm/hour and fibrinogen >4 g/l were, respectively, 63.1%, 60.4%, 48.6% and 42.3%. Mortality was 21.6% and 43.2% at 33 and 76 months where 58.3% of all deaths were cardiocerebrovascular (CCV) related. Non‐survivors were older than survivors. Univariate analysis showed diabetes mellitus (DM) and cerebrovascular accident (CVA) as important for the 33‐month all‐cause mortality, and CRPlog, fibrinogen, ESR >50 mm/hour, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and DM for the 76‐month all‐cause mortality. CVA was meaningful for the 33‐month CCV mortality, and CVD, DM and ESR >50 mm/hour for the 76‐month CCV mortality. Kaplan–Meier revealed poorer survival for patients with ESR >50 mm/hour at 76 months. Cox regression showed CVD, CVA and age as mortality predictors.ConclusionAge, CVD and CVA are predictors for mortality in patients on HD patients, but the presence of C. pneumoniae IgG and inflammation are not.
T4a laryngeal cancer survival: Retrospective institutional analysis and systematic review
Authors: Francis Evana , Matar Nayla , Khoueir Nadim , Nassif Charbel , Farah Chadi , Haddad Amine 
Published: December 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo assess the survival outcomes of a homogeneous group of pT4a laryngeal cancer patients treated at our institution by primary total laryngectomy and neck dissection with adjuvant therapy when indicated, and to systematically review studies reporting overall survival outcomes in T4a laryngeal cancer.Study DesignSystematic review of PubMed and Embase databases.MethodsRecords of 108 laryngeal cancer patients treated by total laryngectomy were reviewed. pT4a cases treated by primary total laryngectomy between 1998 and 2010 were included. Overall and disease‐free survival at 2 and 5 years were reported. A systematic review was performed including all published studies reporting overall survival outcomes by treatment modality in T4 laryngeal cancer patients.ResultsThirty cases met the inclusion criteria. At 2 years, overall and disease‐free survival were 81.3% and 78%, respectively. The 5‐year overall and disease‐free survival rates were 60%. The systematic review retrieved 24 articles. Overall survival at 2 years ranged from 12% to 21.2% with radiotherapy, <30% to 65% with chemoradiotherapy, and from 30% to 100% with surgery. At 5 years, it ranged from 0% to 75% with radiotherapy, 16% to 50.4% with chemoradiotherapy, and 10% to 80.9% with surgery.ConclusionsPrimary total laryngectomy provides a high survival rate for pT4a laryngeal cancer patients. Randomized controlled trials including homogenous patients are still needed before shifting to organ preservation protocols in these patients.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 124:1618–1623, 2014
Spin pumping through quantum dots
Authors: Rojek Stephan , Governale Michele , König Jürgen 
Published: December 2013

We propose schemes for generating spin currents into a semiconductor by adiabatic or non‐adiabatic pumping of electrons through interacting quantum dots. The appeal of such schemes lies in the possibility to tune the pumping characteristics via gate voltages that control the properties of the quantum dot. The calculations are based on a systematic perturbation expansion in the tunnel‐coupling strength and the pumping frequency, expressed within a diagrammatic real‐time technique. Special focus is put on the possibility of pure spin pumping, i.e., of pumping spin currents without charge currents.Setup of a device for generating a spin current into a semiconductor by adiabatic or non‐adiabatic pumping of electrons through an interacting quantum dot.
Tractable stability analysis for systems containing repeated scalar slope‐restricted nonlinearities
Authors: Turner Matthew C. , Kerr Murray L. , Sofrony Jorge 
Published: December 2013

SummaryThis paper proposes an LMI‐based approach for studying the stability of feedback interconnections of a finite dimensional LTI system and a nonlinear element that consists of several identical scalar nonlinearities that have restrictions on their sector and slope. The results are based on the integral quadratic constraint stability analysis framework and other recent results that give a sharp characterisation of stability multipliers for monotone, repeated scalar nonlinearities. Several examples show the effectiveness of the proposed approach; the lack of conservatism in the results is noteworthy. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Advanced Age Remains an Achilles Heel for Liver Resections
Authors: Sulpice Laurent , Rayar Michel , Campillo Boris , Pery Claire , Guillaud Antoine , Meunier Bernard , Boudjema Karim 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackground
As the general population is aging, surgery in elderly patients has become a major public health issue. This basic question is especially true for liver resection (LR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the operative risks of LR in the elderly.Methods
Retrospective analysis of a large recent and monocentric database of LR was performed between January 1, 2005 and May 31, 2011. Patients were categorized into three groups (<60, 60–74, and ≥75 years old) to analyze postoperative outcomes and 1‐year mortality. Clinicopathologic factors likely to influence outcomes were assessed by univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsAltogether, 1,001 consecutive LRs were performed in 912 patients (mean age 62 ± 13 years). The distribution of the LR by age was 372 (37.2 %), 477 (47.6 %), and 152 (15.2 %) in patients <60, 60–74, and ≥75 years, respectively. The overall morbidity and mortality rates were 33.3 and 2.5 %, respectively. Age ≥75 years was independently associated with postoperative mortality [odds ratio (OR) 4.75, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.5–15.1; p = 0.008] and 1‐year mortality (OR 2.8, 95 % CI 1.2–6.6; p = 0.015). The postoperative complication rate (p = 0.216) was not increased, even for major complications (p = 0.09). The other independent risk factors for mortality were a cirrhotic liver (p = 0.017), preoperative arterial chemoembolization (p = 0.001), caval vein clamping (p = 0.001), and intraoperative blood transfusion (p = 0.044).ConclusionsAge beyond 75 years represent a risk factor of death after LR and should be avoided after chemoembolization or in cirrhotic patients. A specific assessment using geriatric indexes might be the key to success in this population.
Ionenkanäle – Einführung aus physiologischer Perspektive
Authors: Roeper J. 
Published: December 2013

Zusammenfassung
Ionenkanäle bilden eine vielfältige Klasse von Transportmembranproteinen. Sie können nach Selektivität der Ionenspezies und der Kontrolle ihres Schaltverhaltens z. B. durch Membranpotenzial oder Bindung von Liganden klassifiziert werden. Der Transport durch Kanalproteine besitzt sowohl eine elektrische wie eine chemische Dimension. Die mit dem selektiven Ionentransport über Membranen einhergehende Ladungstrennung bewirkt eine Veränderung des Membranpotenzials, der Ionenfluss führt parallel zu einer Veränderung von Ionenkonzentrationen. Basierend auf dieser elektrochemischen Doppelnatur der Ionenkanäle lassen sich aus physiologischer Perspektive 2 Funktionsbereiche differenzieren. In erregbaren Zellen steht die Steuerung des Membranpotenzials zur Erzeugung schneller elektrischer Signale im Vordergrund, während gerichteter Ionentransport bei Transportepithelien die zentrale Größe darstellt. So stehen bei einzelnen Ionenkanalkrankheiten meist Erregungs – oder Transportstörungen im Vordergrund.
Money, moral transgressions, and blame
Authors: Xie Wenwen , Yu Boya , Zhou Xinyue , Sedikides Constantine , Vohs Kathleen D. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractTwo experiments tested participants' attributions for others' immoral behaviors when conducted for more versus less money. We hypothesized and found that observers would blame wrongdoers more when seeing a transgression enacted for little rather than a lot of money, and that this would be evident in observers' hand‐washing behavior. Experiment 1 used a cognitive dissonance paradigm. Participants (N = 160) observed a confederate lie in exchange for either a relatively large or a small monetary payment. Participants blamed the liar more in the small (versus large) money condition. Participants (N = 184) in Experiment 2 saw images of someone knocking over another to obtain a small, medium, or large monetary sum. In the small (versus large) money condition, participants blamed the perpetrator (money) more. Hence, participants assigned less blame to moral wrong‐doers, if the latter enacted their deed to obtain relatively large sums of money. Small amounts of money accentuate the immorality of others' transgressions.