bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress differentially alters mu opioid receptor density and trafficking in parvalbumin‐containing interneurons in the female and male rat hippocampus
Authors: Milner Teresa A. , Burstein Suzanne R. , Marrone Gina F. , Khalid Sana , Gonzalez Andreina D. , Williams Tanya J. , Schierberl Kathryn C. , Torres‐Reveron Annelyn , Gonzales Keith L. , Mcewen Bruce S. , Waters Elizabeth M. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTStress differentially affects hippocampal‐dependent learning relevant to addiction and morphology in male and female rats. Mu opioid receptors (MORs), which are located in parvalbumin (PARV)‐containing GABAergic interneurons and are trafficked in response to changes in the hormonal environment, play a critical role in promoting principal cell excitability and long‐term potentiation. Here, we compared the effects of acute and chronic immobilization stress (AIS and CIS) on MOR trafficking in PARV‐containing neurons in the hilus of the dentate gyrus in female and male rats using dual label immunoelectron microscopy. Following AIS, the density of MOR silver‐intensified gold particles (SIGs) in the cytoplasm of PARV‐labeled dendrites was significantly reduced in females (estrus stage). Conversely, AIS significantly increased the proportion of cytoplasmic MOR SIGs in PARV‐labeled dendrites in male rats. CIS significantly reduced the number of PARV‐labeled neurons in the dentate hilus of males but not females. However, MOR/PARV‐labeled dendrites and terminals were significantly smaller in CIS females, but not males, compared with controls. Following CIS, the density of cytoplasmic MOR SIGs increased in PARV‐labeled dendrites and terminals in females. Moreover, the proportion of near‐plasmalemmal MOR SIGs relative to total decreased in large PARV‐labeled dendrites in females. After CIS, no changes in the density or trafficking of MOR SIGs were seen in PARV‐labeled dendrites or terminals in males. These data show that AIS and CIS differentially affect available MOR pools in PARV‐containing interneurons in female and male rats. Furthermore, they suggest that CIS could affect principal cell excitability in a manner that maintains learning processes in females but not males. Synapse 67:757–772, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
First Steps in the Management of Pericardial Effusion: Who Was First to Relieve the Pericardial Sac—Larrey or Romero?
Authors: Tóth Imre , Rami‐Porta Ramon , Rendeki Szilárd , Molnár Tamás F. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractEarly reports told us that the first pericardiotomy was performed by Baron Dominique Jean Larrey, Napoleon’s chief military surgeon. In this article, we reveal a previous operation of that kind and its publication by Francisco Romero, who had a 9‐year head start over Larrey’s performance. The aim of this article was to briefly review the two‐century‐old history of pericardial fenestration.
NIPT in a Clinical Setting: An analysis of Uptake in the First Months of Clinical Availability
Authors: Taylor Joanne B. , Chock Valerie Y. , Hudgins Louanne 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe objective of our study was to describe the clinical experience in offering noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for aneuploidy to pregnant patients, highlighting the clinical utility, barriers to acceptance and limitations of this novel test. Data were collected from 961 patients offered NIPT from 3/1/12 to 9/30/12. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. Twenty‐eight percent of patients elected NIPT and 72 % declined. Women continue to elect less sensitive and less specific screening through biochemical markers and nuchal translucency. Women considering all options at average risk for aneuploidy were less likely to accept NIPT testing than women who had a risk adjustment from an ultrasound marker or routine screening test. In our multi‐ethnic population, Filipina women were significantly less likely to elect NIPT compared to other ethnicities. Five percent of NIPT ordered failed analysis. Several chromosome abnormalities were detected through CVS or amniocentesis that would not have been detected by NIPT. Even though NIPT offers a non‐invasive, highly sensitive and specific analysis for aneuploidy, the majority of women in our study declined this option. NIPT should be offered in the context of genetic counseling so that women understand the limitations of the testing and make an educated decision about the testing option best suited to their situation.
Association between socioeconomic status and ectopic pregnancy rate in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Yuk Jin‐Sung , Kim Yong Jin , Hur Jun‐Young , Shin Jung‐Ho 
Published: May 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the ectopic pregnancy rate in the Republic of Korea and to identify whether socioeconomic factors contribute to the incidence of ectopic pregnancy.MethodsKorean National Health Insurance data from January to December 2009 were analyzed to calculate the rate of ectopic pregnancy.ResultsAmong the patient sample (n = 599 186), 59 261 had diagnosis codes for ectopic pregnancies, abortions, or deliveries, and 1102 ectopic pregnancies were identified. The frequency of ectopic pregnancy treated by either surgery or methotrexate was 16.60 per 1000 pregnancies. Low socioeconomic status was a risk factor for ectopic pregnancy (odds ratio [OR], 1.718; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.065–2.772; P = 0.03), as was older age (OR, 1.016; 95% CI, 0.998–1.033, P = 0.07), although the association was not significant. Among women aged 25–44 years, low socioeconomic status and age were associated with a high incidence of ectopic pregnancy (OR, 1.863; 95% CI, 1.074–3.233, P = 0.03; and OR, 1.061; 95% CI, 1.041–1.081, P < 0.01, respectively). Surgical and methotrexate treatment rates were 90.7% and 9.3%, respectively. The methotrexate failure rate was 30.7%. The recorded ectopic pregnancy sites were tubal or ovarian (90.2%), cornual (6.0%), cervical (2.8%), and abdominal (1.0%).ConclusionOlder age and low socioeconomic status were risk factors for ectopic pregnancy.
Variants in PPP3R1 and MAPT are associated with more rapid functional decline in Alzheimer's disease: The Cache County Dementia Progression Study
Authors: Peterson David , Munger Caitlin , Crowley Jared , Corcoran Chris , Cruchaga Carlos , Goate Alison M. , Norton Maria C. , Green Robert C. , Munger Ronald G. , Breitner John C.S. , Welsh‐Bohmer Kathleen A. , Lyketsos Constantine , Tschanz JoAnn , Kauwe John S.K. ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundSingle‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the gene encoding the regulatory subunit of the protein phosphatase 2B (PPP3R1, rs1868402) and the microtubule‐associated protein tau (MAPT, rs3785883) gene were recently associated with higher cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau levels in samples from the Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center at Washington University (WU) and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). In these same samples, these SNPs were also associated with faster functional decline, or progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) as measured by the Clinical Dementia Rating sum of boxes scores (CDR‐sb). We attempted to validate the latter association in an independent, population‐based sample of incident AD cases from the Cache County Dementia Progression Study (DPS).MethodsAll 92 AD cases from the DPS with a global CDR‐sb ≤1 (mild) at initial clinical assessment who were later assessed on CDR‐sb data on at least two other time points were genotyped at the two SNPs of interest (rs1868402 and rs3785883). We used linear mixed models to estimate associations between these SNPs and CDR‐sb trajectory. All analyses were performed using Proc Mixed in SAS.ResultsAlthough we observed no association between rs3785883 or rs1868402 alone and change in CDR‐sb (P > .10), there was a significant association between a combined genotype model and change in CDR‐sb: carriers of the high‐risk genotypes at both loci progressed >2.9 times faster than noncarriers (P = .015). When data from DPS were combined with previously published data from WU and ADNI, change in CDR‐sb was 30% faster for each copy of the high‐risk allele at rs3785883 (P = .0082) and carriers of both high‐risk genotypes at both loci progressed 6 times faster (P < .0001) than all others combined.ConclusionsWe replicate a previous report by Cruchaga et al that specific variations in rs3785883 and rs1868402 are associated with accelerated progression of AD. Further characterization of this association will provide a better understanding of how genetic factors influence the rate of progression of AD and could provide novel insights into preventative and therapeutic strategies.
Protection of Intraluminal Pathway with Zero Fluid Displacement Connector Reduces Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections in a Comprehensive Cancer Center
Authors: Caillouet Brenda 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Background/Purpose: Although annual rates of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CR-BSI) in a comprehensive cancer center were below the national average, further reductions were sought. Research indicates that contamination of a catheter's intraluminal pathway is a major cause of CR-BSI. Connectors are the gateway to the intraluminal pathway and studies link positive displacement, negative displacement, and split septum connectors to CR-BSI.
Project Description: The infusion therapy team piloted a zero fluid displacement (ZFD) connector based on the design of the ZFD, which appeared uniquely suited to CR-BSI prevention. A product trial was performed in intensive care units to compare the CR-BSI rates associated with the current split septum connector to the ZFD connector. The design was quantitative and quasiexperimental.
Results: During the trial, CR-BSI rates decreased from 4.2 (2,331 catheter days) with the split septum connector, to 0.4 (2,477 catheter days) with the ZFD connector. Six months after institutional implementation of the ZFD connector there were zero CR-BSI in the intensive care units across 4,424 catheter days, despite the complexity and acuity of a largely immunocompromised oncology patient population. The previous 6 months with the split septum the CR-BSI rate was 2.24 across 4,920 catheter days.
Conclusions: Our institution's success suggests that protecting the intraluminal pathway with a properly designed connector may be more crucial to the prevention bundle than is widely understood or practiced. Other hospitals may achieve comparable results by implementing a similar device.
A Comparative Study of the Sapphire and Equistream Hemodialysis Tunneled Cuffed Catheters
Authors: Kakkos Stavros K. , Kournoian Jaclyn , Haddad Georges K. 
Published: May 2013

Background: Tunneled cuffed catheters (TCCs) for hemodialysis are plagued by high dysfunction and infection rates and research toward improved products is extremely important to improve hemodialysis quality. The aim of our study was to compare 2 different TCC types. Methods: Two hundred seventy-six TCCs in 246 patients referred for new TCC placement or exchange of a pre-existing TCC over a guide wire were studied, including 144 Equistream TCCs (Bard Access Systems, Salt Lake City, UT) and 132 Sapphire TCC historical controls (Covidien, Mansfield, MA). The 2 study groups were mostly comparable in terms of baseline characteristics. Results: Primary assisted patency (PAS) at 6 months with the Equistream and Sapphire TCCs was 80.6% and 81.3%, respectively ( p=0.45). PAS at the internal jugular site was better than the femoral site (86.3% and 66.7%, respectively) at 3 months ( p<0.001), with no difference between TCC type. TCC material failure-free rate at 6 months with the Equistream and Sapphire TCCs was 93.5% and 98.1%, respectively ( p=0.20). TCC material failure-free rate at 6 months after TCC exchange for dysfunction compared with the remaining cohort was 85.2% versus 98.9%, respectively ( p<0.001). For the Equistream and Sapphire TCC subgroups, these rates were 66.0% and 100% ( p<0.001), and 100% and 97.6% ( p=0.43), respectively. Conclusions: The 2 catheter types are equivalent in terms of PAS. The use of historical controls necessitates confirmation by a randomized controlled trial, whereas the mechanical problems of the Equistream TCCs deserve further investigation.
Retrospective Analysis of a Pediatric Vascular Access Program and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Pitts Stephanie 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Background: The specialty of pediatric vascular access has grown rapidly during the past 5 years across the United States. The majority of children's hospitals have nurse-led vascular access teams that are providing comprehensive services, including the placement of peripherally inserted central catheters. A children's hospital in the southeastern United States conducted an Internal Review Board approved, retrospective analysis of 669 patients who had a peripherally inserted central catheter placed.
Objective: The objective was to have a better understanding of the program and clinical outcomes as well as identify areas for improvement.
Methods: A data collection tool was developed to review the medical records of patients receiving a peripherally inserted central catheter from January 2009 through June 2011. Variables of interest included patient age, admitting diagnosis, intended therapy, procedure location, sedation type and usage, procedure success, insertion attempts, vessel selected, catheter size and type, catheter tip location, reason for discontinuation, and infection. The data was collected and analyzed by a nurse researcher from the University of South Florida.
Results: Using the Modified Seldinger Technique and ultrasound, the team inserted a full line of polyurethane catheters, including computed tomography-injectable catheters, with an insertion success rate of 94%. We identified a significant reduction in our hospital's infection rate—from 9.12 per 1,000 catheter line days to 2.0 per 1,000 catheter line days—during the first year and a half of the program. The use of sedation and anesthesia was significantly reduced, with 49% of patients receiving an oral anxiolytic dose of midazolam and the integration of certified child life specialists into the procedure.
Conclusions: Pediatric vascular access is a rapidly growing specialty in nursing. Nurse-led vascular access teams have become commonplace in children's hospitals throughout the United States. Although the specialty has grown rapidly during the past 5 years, there is a need for data sharing to contribute to the knowledge base of pediatric vascular access.
The spirit of capitalism among the income classes
Authors: Smoluk H.J. , Voyer John 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis paper tests the consumption‐based capital asset model within the context of the spirit of capitalism. The spirit of capitalism asserts that consumers gain utility not just from consumption of goods and services, but also from the social status obtained from wealth. We examine two asset pricing models developed by Bakshi and Chen (1996) that employ wealth in the utility function, for households sorted by income quintiles. In the first model, households obtain utility from both consumption and the social status that comes from their own wealth. In the second model, households gain utility from both consumption and the social status obtained from their own wealth relative to the wealth of other peer households. Our results indicate that both models are inconsistent with the data regardless of income. However, using cointegration methods as a diagnostic tool, we find that the data are “loosely” consistent with the spirit of capitalism, at least for the upper income quintiles.
Motion of drops on inclined surfaces in the inertial regime
Authors: Puthenveettil Baburaj A. , Senthilkumar Vijaya K. , Hopfinger E. J. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe present experimental results on high-Reynolds-number motion of partially non-wetting liquid drops on inclined plane surfaces using: (i) water on fluoro-alkyl silane (FAS)-coated glass; and (ii) mercury on glass. The former is a high-hysteresis ($3{5}^{\circ } $) surface while the latter is a low-hysteresis one (${6}^{\circ } $). The water drop experiments have been conducted for capillary numbers $0. 0003\lt Ca\lt 0. 0075$ and for Reynolds numbers based on drop diameter $137\lt Re\lt 3142$. The ranges for mercury on glass experiments are $0. 0002\lt Ca\lt 0. 0023$ and $3037\lt Re\lt 20\hspace{0.167em} 069$. It is shown that when $Re\gg 1{0}^{3} $ for water and $Re\gg 10$ for mercury, a boundary layer flow model accounts for the observed velocities. A general expression for the dimensionless velocity of the drop, covering the whole $Re$ range, is derived, which scales with the modified Bond number ($B{o}_{m} $). This expression shows that at low $Re$, $Ca\sim B{o}_{m} $ and at large $Re$, $Ca \sqrt{Re} \sim B{o}_{m} $. The dynamic contact angle (${\theta }_{d} $) variation scales, at least to first-order, with $Ca$; the contact angle variation in water, corrected for the hysteresis, collapses onto the low-$Re$ data of LeGrand, Daerr & Limat (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 541, 2005, pp. 293–315). The receding contact angle variation of mercury has a slope very different from that in water, but the variation is practically linear with $Ca$. We compare our dynamic contact angle data to several models available in the literature. Most models can describe the data of LeGrand et al. (2005) for high-viscosity silicon oil, but often need unexpected values of parameters to describe our water and mercury data. In particular, a purely hydrodynamic description requires unphysically small values of slip length, while the molecular-kinetic model shows asymmetry between the wetting and dewetting, which is quite strong for mercury. The model by Shikhmurzaev (Intl J. Multiphase Flow, vol. 19, 1993, pp. 589–610) is able to group the data for the three fluids around a single curve, thereby restoring a certain symmetry, by using two adjustable parameters that have reasonable values. At larger velocities, the mercury drops undergo a change at the rear from an oval to a corner shape when viewed from above; the corner transition occurs at a finite receding contact angle. Water drops do not show such a clear transition from oval to corner shape. Instead, a direct transition from an oval shape to a rivulet appears to occur.
Monitoring an Endangered savannah ungulate, Grevy's zebraEquus grevyi: choosing a method for estimating population densities
Authors: Zero Victoria H. , Sundaresan Siva R. , O'Brien Timothy G. , Kinnaird Margaret F. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractMethods that accurately estimate animal abundance or density are crucial for wildlife management. Although numerous techniques are available, there have been few comparisons of the precision and cost-effectiveness of different approaches. We assess the precision and cost of three methods for estimating densities of the Endangered Grevy's zebraEquus grevyi. We compare distance sampling and photographic capture–recapture, and a new technique, the random encounter model (REM) that uses camera-trap encounter rates to estimate density. All three methods provide comparable density estimates for Grevy's zebra and are preferable to the common practice of raw counts. Photographic capture–recapture is the most precise and line-transect distance sampling the least precise. Line transects and photographic capture–recapture surveys are cost-effective in the first year and REM is most cost-effective in the long-term. The methods used here for Grevy's zebra may be applied to other rangeland ungulates. We suggest that for single species monitoring programmes in which individuals can be identified, photographic capture–recapture surveys may be the preferred method for estimating wildlife abundances. When encounter rates are low, distance sampling lacks the precision of the other methods but its cost advantage may make it appropriate for long-term or multi-species monitoring programmes. The REM is an efficient and precise method of estimating densities but has high initial equipment costs. We believe REM has the potential to work well for many species but it requires independent estimates of animal movements and group size.
Nitric oxide production and the expression of two nitric oxide synthases in the avian retina
Authors: TEKMEN-CLARK MERVE , GLEASON EVANNA 
Published: May 2013

AbstractNitric oxide (NO) is known to exert multiple effects on the function of many retinal neurons and their synapses. Therefore, it is equally important to understand the potential sources of NO within the retina. To explore this, we employ a combination of 4-amino-5-methylamino-2′,7′-difluorofluorescein diacetate (DAF-FM) based NO detection and immunohistochemistry for the NO synthetic enzymes, neuronal and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (nNOS and eNOS). We find DAF signals in photoreceptors, horizontal cells, amacrine cells, efferent synapses, Müller cells, and cells in the ganglion cell layer (GCL). nNOS immunoreactivity was consistent with the DAF signal with the exception that horizontal cells and Müller cells were not clearly labeled. eNOS-like immunoreactivity (eNOS-LI) was more widespread with photoreceptors, horizontal cells, occasional bipolar cells, amacrine cells, Müller cells, and cells in the GCL all showing labeling. Double labeling with antibodies raised against calretinin, syntaxin, and glutamine synthetase confirmed that horizontal cells, amacrine cells, and Müller cells (respectively) were expressing eNOS-LI. Although little or no nNOS labeling is observed in horizontal cells or Müller cells, the expression of eNOS-LI is consistent with the ability of these cells to produce NO. Together these results suggest that the capability to produce NO is widespread in the chicken retina. We propose that multiple forms of regulation for nNOS and eNOS play a role in the patterning of NO production in the chicken retina.