bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The clinical significance of findings obtained on 3D‐FLAIR MR imaging in patients with Ramsay‐Hunt syndrome
Authors: Chung Mi S. , Lee Jeong H. , Kim Dae Y. , Lim Young‐Min , Ahn Joong H. , Sung Yu S. , Choi Young J. , Yoon Ra G. , Baek Jung H. 
Published: October 2014

Objectives/HypothesisTo investigate the clinical significance of three‐dimensional‐fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (3D‐FLAIR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients with Ramsay‐Hunt syndrome (RHS).Study DesignCase series.MethodsWe enrolled 28 consecutive patients of RHS with temporal bone MRI. Initial clinical findings and outcome were assessed by House‐Brackmann (HB) scales, electroneuronography (ENoG), and pure tone audiometry (PTA). Two radiologists evaluated the presence of abnormalities on pre‐/postcontrast 3D‐FLAIR for the cranial nerve (CN)‐VII, CN‐VIII, inner ear (IE), and the posterior fossa by consensus. The relative signal intensity and enhancement degree (rED) of the structures were measured using ImageJ (http://rsbweb.nih.gov/ij/). Statistical test correlated the clinical symptoms and the outcome with the analysis results of 3D‐FLAIR images.Results3D‐FLAIR demonstrated enhancement of CN‐VII in all patients. Precontrast hyperintensity and enhancement were seen in eight and 16 patients with IE, and in four and six with CN‐VIII, respectively. Precontrast hyperintensity of IE or CN‐VIII was significantly associated with the presence of vertigo (P value < 0.05). Precontrast hyperintensity of IE or CN‐VIII significantly correlated with clinical symptoms assessed by HB, ENoG, and PTA (P value < 0.05, respectively). rED of the vestibule moderately correlated with initial HB scale (r = 0.391, P = 0.039). There was no correlation between any of the 3D‐FLAIR findings and the follow‐up HB.ConclusionsRHS shows frequent abnormalities of IE or CN‐VIII, as well as CN‐VII on pre‐/postcontrast 3D‐FLAIR images. Precontrast hyperintensity of IE/CN‐VIII on 3D‐FLAIR is significantly correlated with the severity of facial palsy, the presence of vertigo, and the degree of hearing impairment but not with clinical outcome.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 125:950–955, 2015
Novel bio‐based IPNs obtained by simultaneous thermal polymerization of flexible methacrylate network based on a vegetable oil and a rigid epoxy
Authors: Balanuca Brindusa , Lungu Adriana , Conicov Iulia , Stan Raluca , Vasile Eugeniu , Vuluga Dumitru Mircea , Iovu Horia 
Published: October 2014

A series of novel vegetable oil‐based interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) have been successfully prepared: on one hand, methacrylated camelina oil (MCO) and a polyethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (PEG, MW 750 g/mol) and on the other hand, diglycidylether of bisphenol A (DER), in various blend ratios (75/25, 50/50, and 25/75 wt). Hence the appealing innovative direction of the current work was to build oil‐based poly(methacrylate) network using PEG macromonomer which is able to modulate adequately the crosslinking degree of the oil‐based network.These innovative combinations of cross‐linkable resins in terms of flexible methacrylate network based on camelina oil (CO) and PEG and a rigid epoxy (DER) were simultaneously polymerized using two independent non‐interfering curing reactions: free‐radical process for MCO and anionic polymerization of epoxy resin in the presence of a tertiary amine. The effect of the IPNs composition compositional characteristics on the reactivity of methacrylate or epoxy groups was studied using differential scanning calorimetry. The influence of the MCO‐PEG bio‐based polymer on the system properties was evaluated after curing by dynamic mechanical and thermogravimetric analyses. In addition mechanical and morphological studies were also carried out. The results suggested that blending of MCO and DER gave synergistic effects on the overall properties of the developed oil‐based IPNs and a dependence on the methacrylate/epoxy ratio was clearly noticed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pharmacist‐Driven Renal Medication Dosing Intervention in a Primary Care Patient‐Centered Medical Home
Authors: Barnes Kelli D. , Tayal Neeraj H. , Lehman Amy M. , Beatty Stuart J. 
Published: October 2014

PurposeThe purposes of this population management intervention were to identify patients with stage 3, 4, or 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to improve care in a patient‐centered medical home (PCMH). Objectives of the intervention were to (i) increase the identification of CKD, (ii) increase the use of aspirin and angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE‐Is) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) in patients with CKD, and (iii) ensure that all medications prescribed to patients with CKD were dosed appropriately based on renal function.SettingThis intervention was completed at a National Committee for Quality Assurance tier 3 PCMH associated with a major, academic health system.PatientsA list of 328 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of < 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 was generated using the electronic medical record; 146 patients underwent the intervention.Measurements and ObservationsA pharmacist review of the electronic medical record was completed to confirm stage 3, 4, or 5 CKD based on estimated glomerular filtration rate, to ensure that ACE‐Is/ARBs and aspirin were prescribed, and to ensure that all medications were dosed appropriately based on renal dosing adjustment recommendations. Recommendations were made to improve medication use and safety in patients with CKD. Before intervention, 73% of patients were prescribed an ACE‐I/ARB and 72% of patients were prescribed aspirin. After the intervention, use of these medications increased to 77% and 82% of patients, respectively. Pharmacist recommendations to adjust medication dosing based on Cockcroft‐Gault calculated creatinine clearance were made for 138 medications (0.95 medication per patient); 90 (65.2%) recommendations were accepted by the patients’ physicians.ConclusionThese results demonstrate the impact of a pharmacist‐driven renal medication dosing intervention within a PCMH on medication use and safety for patients with CKD.
Use of 3‐nitrobenzonitrile as an additive for improved sensitivity in sonic‐spray ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Kanaki Katerina , Pergantis Spiros A. 
Published: October 2014

RATIONALESonic‐spray ionization (SSI) has been shown to produce gas‐phase ions for a wide range of compounds, without the application of voltage or a laser. However, it remains to be shown that it can also provide similar sensitivities to those obtained by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS).METHODSHere we report on an attempt to further improve the sensitivity of SSI‐MS, more specifically a version of SSI that is referred to as Venturi easy ambient sonic‐spray ionization (V‐EASI) MS, by adding a signal‐enhancing additive to the sample solution. The additive used is 3‐nitrobenzonitrile (3‐NBN), which has recently been used with success in a new ionization approach named matrix‐assisted ionization vacuum. In order to conduct this study we have analyzed a range of compounds, including peptides, metalloproteins, and some organometalloids. During the V‐EASI‐MS analyses molecular ion and protonated molecule signal intensities as well as their corresponding signal‐to‐noise (S/N) ratios, obtained in the presence and absence of the 3‐NBN, were compared.RESULTSThe 3‐NBN‐assisted V‐EASI‐MS approach developed here provides significant improvement in sensitivity relative to conventional V‐EASI‐MS for almost all compounds tested. More specifically, for peptides a 1.6‐ to 4‐fold enhancement was realized, for proteins the enhancements were from 2‐ to 5‐fold, and for some metalloid species enhancements reached up to 10‐fold. However, optimum additive concentration and ion transfer capillary temperature were found to be compound‐dependent and thus require optimization in order for maximum enhancements to be achieved. In most cases the 3‐NBN‐assisted V‐EASI‐MS approach provides comparable sensitivities and S/N ratios to ESI‐MS on the same ion trap mass spectrometer.CONCLUSIONSThe use of 3‐NBN with V‐EASI‐MS gives rise to a novel 3‐NBN‐assisted MS technique, which has demonstrated considerable signal enhancement for most of the compounds analyzed, thus improving its competitiveness towards the well‐established and dominating ESI‐MS technique. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The topology of fullerenes
Authors: Schwerdtfeger Peter , Wirz Lukas N , Avery James 
Published: October 2014

Fullerenes are carbon molecules that form polyhedral cages. Their bond structures are exactly the planar cubic graphs that have only pentagon and hexagon faces. Strikingly, a number of chemical properties of a fullerene can be derived from its graph structure. A rich mathematics of cubic planar graphs and fullerene graphs has grown since they were studied by Goldberg, Coxeter, and others in the early 20th century, and many mathematical properties of fullerenes have found simple and beautiful solutions. Yet many interesting chemical and mathematical problems in the field remain open. In this paper, we present a general overview of recent topological and graph theoretical developments in fullerene research over the past two decades, describing both solved and open problems. WIREs Comput Mol Sci 2015, 5:96–145. doi: 10.1002/wcms.1207This article is categorized under:

Structure and Mechanism > Molecular Structures
Computer and Information Science > Chemoinformatics
Computer and Information Science > Computer Algorithms and Programming
An assessment of non‐breeding waterfowl surveys on National Wildlife Refuges in the Central Flyway
Authors: Andersson Kent , Davis Craig A. , Harris Grant , Haukos David A. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTMany units of the National Wildlife Refuge System (NWRS) in the Central Flyway of the United States were established to conserve and enhance waterfowl populations. Consistent and continuous monitoring of waterfowl abundance on refuges is critical when evaluating the performance of individual refuges as well as the refuge system on a larger scale. It is also essential for providing metrics to determine progress toward established waterfowl use and abundance goals. Despite the considerable resources the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service spend annually on waterfowl management within the NWRS, the quality of ongoing monitoring efforts outside the breeding season has never been systematically evaluated. We evaluated the quality of historical (1949–2008) waterfowl monitoring data at refuge sites within the Central Flyway during the migration and wintering period (Oct–Mar). Ninety‐six percent of all survey data sets were classified as being of good or fair quality overall. There were, however, some serious issues with the data sets, primarily concerning consistency in survey methodology and temporal survey coverage, as well as lack of coordination among refuges. One‐third of the data sets were collected without the existence of a written survey protocol, creating uncertainty regarding methodological consistency over time. Evaluation of the NWRS's benefits to waterfowl as a whole may be severely hampered by temporally inconsistent survey coverage among and within survey sites. We suggest 7 improvements for future waterfowl surveys that will enhance quality and usability of NWRS survey data. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
The Correlation between Structure and Color of Iron Oxide‐type Solids, Sustainable Pigments with Gentle Hues
Authors: Reinen Dirk 
Published: October 2014

AbstractOxidic solids with hexaccordinate iron(III) appear as colored species only, if charge‐transfer bands are present in the visible region, which originate from transitions, occurring between low‐lying mainly oxygen‐centered electronic states and antibonding, predominantly metal‐3d states. Transitions within the 3d‐shell are expected to be only very weak in intensity, because they are not only parity‐ but also spinforbidden, and hence don't usually contribute signifycantly to the coloration. It is shown by various examples, how one may steer the hue by the aimed manipulation of certain structural and chemical parameters, which effectively alter the location and, in particular, the band‐width of the charge transfer transitions. The spectral properties are compared with those of the isoelectronic hexaoxo‐coordinate manganese(II). The subsequent discussion of the color properties of 3d6‐configured iron(II) in oxidic ligand fields helps to analyze the spectral behavior of mixed‐valence FeII/FeIII solids. The herein additionally observed intervalence bands may lend a specific blue color to the solid, as in the case of Prussion Blue, and possibly also when inspecting the deeply blue coloration of iron gallic ink – the extreme case of a long‐range electronic delocalization being black Fe3O4. Iron is, in mostly oxidic solids, omnipresent on earth and lends characteristic red and yellowish hues with brownish tinges – occasionally even black colors – to the rocks, overwhelming impressions of color compositions, which – as in Armenia, for example – link nature with culture. It is furthermore known in its role in the process of respiration – as the cationic constituent of red haemoglobin – as well as to be the main component of steel, an essential in modern life. Iron and its oxidic solids are sustainable materials and become increasingly important.
Glasgow Prognostic Score Predicts Outcome After Surgical Resection of Gallbladder Cancer
Authors: Shiba Hiroaki , Misawa Takeyuki , Fujiwara Yuki , Futagawa Yasuro , Furukawa Kenei , Haruki Koichiro , Iwase Ryota , Iida Tomonori , Yanaga Katsuhiko 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundSystemic inflammation as evidenced by the Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) predicts cancer‐specific survival in various types of cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of GPS in therapeutic outcome after surgical resection of gallbladder cancer.MethodsThe subjects were 51 patients who underwent surgical resection for gallbladder cancer. For the assessment of systemic inflammatory response using the GPS, patients were classified into three groups: patients with normal albumin (≥3.5 g/dl) and normal C‐reactive protein (CRP) (≤1.0 mg/dl) as GPS 0 (n = 38), those with low albumin (<3.5 g/dl) or elevated CRP (>1.0 mg/dl) as GPS 1 (n = 8), and those with low albumin (<3.5 g/dl) and elevated CRP (>1.0 mg/dl) as GPS 2 (n = 5). We retrospectively investigated the relation between patient characteristics including GPS, and disease‐free as well as overall survival.ResultsIn disease‐free survival, advanced tumor stage based on pathology (p = 0.006), positive lymph node metastasis (p = 0.001), and GPS 1 or 2 (p = 0.006) were independent predictors of cancer recurrence in multivariate analysis. In overall survival, positive lymph node metastasis (p = 0.002) and GPS 1 or 2 (p = 0.032) were independent predictors of poor patient outcome in multivariate analyses.ConclusionThe GPS in patients with gallbladder cancer is an independent prognostic predictor after surgical resection.
Ethical requirement and financial interest: a literature review on socially responsible investing
Authors: von Wallis Miriam , Klein Christian 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis paper provides an overview of the status quo in socially responsible investing (SRI) literature. We outline motives, history, and current best practice of SRI. We also provide a thorough analysis of a wide set of studies that cover two key topics in this field: the first research objective is to determine the relative performance of SRI vehicles in comparison to their conventional benchmarks. Our meta-analysis shows that most research studies find that socially responsible (SR) investments perform equal to conventional investments, but these findings are challenged by contradictory results from other studies. The second objective is to analyze SR behavior’s effects on a company’s financial results. We cover the period between 1986 and 2012. This paper provides future researchers with a well-documented and structured overview of the existing literature on SRI, thereby identifying gaps that might be closed by future research.
Cervical inversion as a novel technique for postpartum hemorrhage management during cesarean delivery for placenta previa accreta/increta
Authors: Sakhavar Nahid , Heidari Zahra , Mahmoudzadeh‐Sagheb Hamidreza 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the use of cervical inversion for postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) management during cesarean delivery for placenta previa accreta/increta.MethodsIn a retrospective, descriptive study, data were reviewed for cases in which cervical inversion was used to manage PPH during cesarean delivery at a center in Zahedan, Iran, between July 2, 2011, and September 25, 2014. Cervical inversion was applied when placental bleeding was persistent and the sites could not be clearly located. The cervix is inverted using ring forceps or straight Allis forceps, after which the placental bed is sutured to control bleeding. After bleeding is controlled, the cervix is returned to its original position.ResultsCervical inversion was successfully applied to 10 cases. Mean time to completion of cervical inversion was 4.1 ± 0.7 minutes. In all 10 cases, the bleeding was stopped within 3–5 minutes from the beginning of the cervical inversion procedure. No apparent complications were reported, and blood transfusions or obstetric hysterectomies were not necessary.ConclusionCervical inversion is a simple, cost‐effective, and time‐saving procedure for PPH management in placenta previa accreta/increta. It could become a routine procedure for preserving the uterus and fertility of affected women.
Self‐reported sleep disturbance is associated with Alzheimer's disease risk in men
Authors: Benedict Christian , Byberg Liisa , Cedernaes Jonathan , Hogenkamp Pleunie S. , Giedratis Vilmantas , Kilander Lena , Lind Lars , Lannfelt Lars , Schiöth Helgi B. 
Published: October 2014

ObjectiveTo study the association between self‐reported sleep disturbances and dementia risk.MethodsSelf‐reported sleep disturbances and established risk factors for dementia were measured in men at ages 50 (n = 1574) and 70 (n = 1029) years. Dementia incidence was determined by reviewing their patient history between ages 50 and 90 years. In addition, plasma levels of β‐amyloid (Aβ) peptides 1–40 and 1–42 were measured at ages 70, 77, and 82 years.ResultsCox regression demonstrated that men with self‐reported sleep disturbances had a higher risk of developing dementia (+33%) and Alzheimer's disease (AD, +51%) than men without self‐reported sleep disturbances (both P < .05). Binary logistic regression showed the increased risk for both dementia (+114%) and AD (+192%) were highest when sleep disturbance was reported at age 70 years (both P < .001). No group differences were found in Aβ levels.ConclusionImproving sleep quality may help reduce the neurodegenerative risk in older men.
Role of cytokine gene (interferon‐γ, transforming growth factor‐β1, tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐6, and interleukin‐10) polymorphisms in the risk of oral precancerous lesions in Taiwanese
Authors: Hsu Han‐Jen , Yang Yi‐Hsin , Shieh Tien‐Yu , Chen Chung‐Ho , Kao Yu‐Hsun , Yang Chia‐Fu , Ko Edward Cheng‐Chuan 
Published: October 2014

AbstractOral squamous cell carcinoma can be preceded by some benign oral lesions with malignant potential, including leukoplakia, erythroplakia, oral lichen planus, and oral submucous fibrosis. There are different degrees of inflammatory cells infiltration in histopathology. Inflammatory cytokines may play a pathogenic role in the development of oral precancerous lesions (OPCLs). Genetic polymorphisms of cytokine‐encoding genes are known to predispose to malignant disease. We hypothesized that the risk of OPCLs might be associated with cytokine gene polymorphisms of interferon (IFN)‐γ, transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐6, and IL‐10. In the present study, 42 OPCL patients and 128 controls were analyzed for eight polymorphisms in five different cytokine genes [IFN‐γ (+874 T/A), TGF‐β1 (codons 10 T/C and 25 G/C), TNF‐α (−308 G/A), IL‐6 (−174 G/C), and IL‐10 (−1082 A/G, –819 T/C, and −592 A/C)]. Cytokine genotyping was determined by the polymerase chain reaction sequence‐specific primer technique using commercial primers. Allele and genotype data were analyzed for significance of differences between cases and controls using the Chi‐square (χ2) test. Two‐sided p < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. A series of multivariate logistic regression models, adjusted for age, sex, betel quid chewing, alcohol consumption, and smoking, was constructed in order to access the contribution of homozygous or heterozygous variant genotypes of polymorphisms. The TNF‐α (−308) polymorphism was significantly associated with OPCLs. There were significant differences in the distribution of AA, GA, and GG genotypes between OPCL patients and controls (p = 0.0004). Patients with the AA or GA genotype had a 3.63‐fold increased risk of OPCLs. The TGF‐β1 (codon 10 and 25) polymorphism was also significantly associated with OPCLs (p < 0.001). The IL‐6 polymorphism was significantly associated with OPCLs. There are significant differences in the distribution of CC, GC, and GG genotypes between OPCL patients and controls (p < 0.001). Patients with the CC or GC genotype had a 35‐ or 20.59‐fold increased risk of OPCLs. There were no significant differences in the distribution of IL‐10 and IFN‐γ genotypes between different groups of control individuals and OPCL patients. The IL‐6, TGF‐β1, and TNF‐α gene polymorphisms may have a significant association with the development of OPCLs.
Koszul Complexes and Pole Order Filtrations
Authors: Dimca Alexandru , Sticlaru Gabriel 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe study the interplay between the cohomology of the Koszul complex of the partial derivatives of a homogeneous polynomial f and the pole order filtration P on the cohomology of the open set U = ℙn \ D, with D the hypersurface defined by f = 0. The relation is expressed by some spectral sequences. These sequences may, on the one hand, in many cases be used to determine the filtration P for curves and surfaces and, on the other hand, to obtain information about the syzygies involving the partial derivatives of the polynomial f. The case of a nodal hypersurface D is treated in terms of the defects of linear systems of hypersurfaces of various degrees passing through the nodes of D. When D is a nodal surface in ℙ3, we show that F2H3(U) ≠ P2H3(U) as soon as the degree of D is at least 4.
Ground States of some Fractional Schrödinger Equations on ℝN
Authors: Chang Xiaojun 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn this paper, we study a time-independent fractional Schrödinger equation of the form (−Δ)su+V(x)u=g(u) in ℝN, whereN≥,s∈ (0,1) and (−Δ)sis the fractional Laplacian. By variational methods, we prove the existence of ground state solutions whenVis unbounded and the nonlinearitygis subcritical and satisfies the following geometry condition: