bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tibialis Posterior Tenosynovitis and Associated Pes Plano Valgus in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Electromyography, Multisegment Foot Kinematics, and Ultrasound Features
Authors: Barn Ruth , Turner Deborah E. , Rafferty Daniel , Sturrock Roger D. , Woodburn James 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo compare electromyographic (EMG), kinematic, kinetic, and ultrasound (US) features of pes plano valgus associated with US‐confirmed tibialis posterior (TP) tenosynovitis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and healthy control subjects.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, patients with RA and US‐confirmed tenosynovitis of TP underwent gait analysis, including 3‐dimensional kinematics, kinetics, and intramuscular EMG of TP, and findings were compared with a group of healthy individuals. The RA group also underwent B mode and power Doppler US scanning of the TP tendon to assess and score levels of pathology.ResultsTen patients with RA, median (range) disease duration of 3 years (1–18 years), and 5 control subjects were recruited. Compared to control subjects, the RA patients walked slower and presented with moderate levels of foot‐related disability. The mean ± SD Disease Activity Score in 28 joints was 4.6 ± 1.6. Increased magnitude of TP activity was recorded in the RA group compared to controls in the contact period of stance (P = 0.007), in conjunction with reduced ankle joint power (P = 0.005), reduced navicular height in the medial arch (P = 0.023), and increased forefoot dorsiflexion (P = 0.027). TP tendon thickening, fluid, and power Doppler signal were observed in the majority of patients.ConclusionThis study has demonstrated, for the first time, increased TP EMG activity in the presence of US‐confirmed TP tenosynovitis in RA. Altered muscle function occurred in conjunction with suboptimal mechanics, moderate levels of tendon pathology, and active disease. Targeted therapy may be warranted to reduce inflammation and mechanically off‐load diseased tendon states.
Problem of time in quantum gravity
Authors: Anderson E. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe Problem of Time occurs because the ‘time’ of GR and of ordinary Quantum Theory are mutually incompatible notions. This is problematic in trying to replace these two branches of physics with a single framework in situations in which the conditions of both apply, e.g. in black holes or in the very early universe. Emphasis in this Review is on the Problem of Time being multi‐faceted and on the nature of each of the eight principal facets. Namely, the Frozen Formalism Problem, Configurational Relationalism Problem (formerly Sandwich Problem), Foliation Dependence Problem, Constraint Closure Problem (formerly Functional Evolution Problem), Multiple Choice Problem, Global Problem of Time, Problem of Beables (alias Problem of Observables) and Spacetime Reconstruction/Replacement Problem. Strategizing in this Review is not just centred about the Frozen Formalism Problem facet, but rather about each of the eight facets. Particular emphasis is placed upon A) relationalism as an underpinning of the facets and as a selector of particular strategies (especially a modification of Barbour relationalism, though also with some consideration of Rovelli relationalism). B) Classifying approaches by the full ordering in which they embrace constrain, quantize, find time/history and find observables, rather than only by partial orderings such as “Dirac‐quantize”. C) Foliation (in)dependence and Spacetime Reconstruction for a wide range of physical theories, strategizing centred about the Problem of Beables, the Patching Approach to the Global Problem of Time, and the role of the question‐types considered in physics. D) The Halliwell‐ and Gambini–Porto–Pullin‐type combined Strategies in the context of semiclassical quantum cosmology.
Voluntary simplicity and life satisfaction: Exploring the mediating role of consumption desires
Authors: Boujbel Lilia , d'Astous Alain 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTThe research presented in this article investigates the relationship between adopting voluntary simplicity as a lifestyle and life satisfaction. More precisely, it seeks to understand the role that consumption desires and relative wealth play in the context of this relationship. A survey was conducted among a Canadian sample of 344 simplifiers and 267 non‐simplifiers. A statistically significant positive relationship was observed between the adoption of voluntary simplicity and a measure of satisfaction with life. This research has also established that it is partially through one's control of consumption desires that simplifiers achieve a higher level of life satisfaction. However, this was shown to be the case only among consumers with limited financial resources. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Self‐Dual Polar Factorization for Vector Fields
Authors: Ghoussoub Nassif , Moameni Abbas 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe show that any nondegenerate vector field u in \documentclass{article} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{amsmath, amssymb} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \begin{align*}L^{\infty}(\Omega, \mathbb{R}^N)\end{align*} \end{document}, where Ω is a bounded domain in \documentclass{article} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{amsmath, amssymb} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \begin{align*}\mathbb{R}^N\end{align*} \end{document}, can be written as \documentclass{article} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{amsmath, amssymb} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \begin{align*}u(x)= \nabla_1 H(S(x), x)\quad {\text for a.e.\ x \in \Omega}\end{align*} \end{document}}, where S is a measure‐preserving point transformation on Ω such that \documentclass{article} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{amsmath, amssymb} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \begin{align*}S^2=I\end{align*} \end{document} a.e. (an involution), and \documentclass{article} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{amsmath, amssymb} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \begin{align*}H: \mathbb{R}^N \times \mathbb{R}^N \to \mathbb{R}\end{align*} \end{document} is a globally Lipschitz antisymmetric convex‐concave Hamiltonian. Moreover, u is a monotone map if and only if S can be taken to be the identity, which suggests that our result is a self‐dual version of Brenier's polar decomposition for the vector field as \documentclass{article} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{amsmath, amssymb} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \begin{align*}u(x)=\nabla \phi (S(x))\end{align*} \end{document}, where ϕ is convex and S is a measure‐preserving transformation. We also describe how our polar decomposition can be reformulated as a (self‐dual) mass transport problem. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Thermally Driven Nanofuses Based on Organometallic Rotors
Authors: Mota Antonio J. , Álvarez de Cienfuegos Luis , Morcillo Sara P. , Fuentes Noelia , Miguel Delia , Rodríguez‐Bolívar Salvador , Gómez‐Campos Francisco M. , Cárdenas Diego J. , Cuerva Juan M. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractMolecular design of chromium arenes are theoretically studied as a model for the development of novel thermally‐driven molecular fuses. This study correlates the switching event with a partial disconnection of the molecule from the metallic electrode mediated by changes in the conformational states of the molecule directed by external stimuli. Moreover, the reversibility of the process (the reconnection to the metallic electrode) is also considered for these systems when a reversal voltage pulse (reset) is applied. The energetic requirements of the on and off states are correlated with temperature through the Arrhenius equation. To carry out this study we performed density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
L‐Tryptophan‐Induced Electron Transport across Supported Lipid Bilayers: an Alkyl‐Chain Tilt‐Angle, and Bilayer‐Symmetry Dependence
Authors: Sarangi Nirod Kumar , Patnaik Archita 
Published: October 2012

AbstractMolecular orientation‐dependent electron transport across supported 1,2‐dipalmitoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (DPPC) lipid bilayers (SLBs) on semiconducting indium tin oxide (ITO) is reported with an aim towards potential nanobiotechnological applications. A bifunctional strategy is adopted to form symmetric and asymmetric bilayers of DPPC that interact with L‐tryptophan, and are analyzed by surface manometry and atomic force microscopy. Polarization‐dependent real‐time Fourier transform infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (FT‐IRRAS) analysis of these SLBs reveals electrostatic, hydrogen‐bonding, and cation–π interactions between the polar head groups of the lipid and the indole side chains. Consequently, a molecular tilt arises from the effective interface dipole, facilitating electron transport across the ITO‐anchored SLBs in the presence of an internal Fe(CN)64−/3− redox probe. The incorporation of tryptophan enhances the voltammetric features of the SLBs. The estimated electron‐transfer rate constants for symmetric and asymmetric bilayers (ks=2.0×10−2 and 2.8×10−2 s−1) across the two‐dimensional (2D) ordered DPPC/tryptophan SLBs are higher compared to pure DPPC SLBs (ks=3.2×10−3 and 3.9×10−3 s−1). In addition, they are molecular tilt‐dependent, as it is the case with the standard apparent rate constants ${k_{{\rm{app}}}^0 }$, estimated from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and bipotentiostatic experiments with a Pt ultramicroelectrode. Lower magnitudes of ks and ${k_{{\rm{app}}}^0 }$ imply that electrochemical reactions across the ITO–SLB electrodes are kinetically limited and consequently governed by electron tunneling across the SLBs. Standard theoretical rate constants ${\left( {k_{{\rm{th}}}^0 } \right)}$ accrued upon electron tunneling comply with the potential‐independent electron‐tunneling coefficient β=0.15 Å−1. Insulator–semiconductor transitions moving from a liquid‐expanded to a condensed 2D‐phase state of the SLBs are noted, adding a new dimension to their transport behavior. These results highlight the role of tryptophan in expediting electron transfer across lipid bilayer membranes in a cellular environment and can provide potential clues towards patterned lipid nanocomposites and devices.
Relating CEO Compensation to Social Performance and Financial Performance: Does the Measure of Compensation Matter?
Authors: Callan Scott J. , Thomas Janet M. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTRemuneration to executives has risen sharply, even during the recent economic decline and financial crisis, giving rise to public outcries and harsh criticism. At the same time, there has been a shift toward more performance‐based remuneration, which is generally awarded over the long term. Coincident with these observations is an evolving literature aimed at studying executive pay and its determinants to learn if a pay‐for‐performance link exists. Although most studies focus on corporate financial performance (CFP) as a compensation determinant, which is based on shareholder theory, others broaden performance to include activities linked to corporate social responsibility (CSR), which relies on stakeholder theory. In this latter case, a nexus is identified between the pay‐for‐performance relationship and that between CFP and corporate social performance (CSP). In this research, we use a system of equations to form this connection and examine the influence of short‐term versus long‐term compensation measures on the resulting interrelationships. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Design of a simple evolutionary multiobjective optimization method based on the combined use of scalarization and particle swarm optimization
Authors: Masuda Kazuaki , Harada Kazuaki , Kurihara Kenzo 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis paper proposes a general methodology of multiobjective optimization based on the combined use of scalarization and evolutionary computation approaches. Mathematically, it is guaranteed that a Pareto optimal solution of a multiobjective optimization problem (MOP) can be found by minimizing the corresponding augmented Tchebysheff scalarized function. In this way, different Pareto optimal solutions can be obtained by solving different single‐objective optimization problems (SOPs) with different weights for scalarization. In order to ascertain the global structure of the Pareto optimal set and/or the Pareto frontier of an MOP with simple computation, we propose the basic concept that (a) the SOPs with different weight should be solved independently by some evolutionary computation algorithms; and (b) previously obtained useful solutions should be partly reused for the optimization of another SOP. In particular, for continuous‐variable MOPs, we also propose a practical computation method based on the concept, which uses particle swarm optimization (PSO) with an effective reinitialization mechanism. The usefulness of the proposed methodology is demonstrated through numerical experiments with the proposed computation method. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 95(11): 1–13, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.11437
Analysis of the volatile fraction of Teucrium marum L.
Authors: Djabou Nassim , Andreani Stéphane , Varesi Laurent , Tomi Felix , Costa Jean , Muselli Alain 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTVolatile components of Teucrium marum from Corsica were investigated using a combination of analytical techniques. Analysis of essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation was performed using capillary GC‐RI, GC‐MS and 13C NMR spectroscopy after fractionation on column chromatography. The emitted volatile fractions from full aerial parts and separated organs of fresh T. marum were investigated using HS‐SPME/GC‐RI and HS‐SPME/GC‐MS. The intra‐species variations of the chemical compositions of essential oils and volatile fractions from 25 Corsican sample locations were investigated using statistical analysis. The main essential oil components were caryophyllene oxide (0.4–20.5%), (E)‐β‐caryophyllene (0.9–18.9%), (E)‐α‐bergamotene (1.0–21.5%), (3Z,6E,10E)‐α‐springene (1.1–17.8%), β‐bisabolene (0.4–14.7%), β‐sesquiphellandrene (0.9–10.9%) and estragole (0.5–7.0%), while dolichodial (20.0–83.4%), (E)‐α‐bergamotene (0.2–20.6%), (E)‐β‐caryophyllene (0.3–23.1%), dolicholactone (0.4–20.9%), β‐bisabolene (0.2–10.0%), estragole (1.1–10.5%) and β‐sesquiphellandrene (0.2–8.3%) were the main volatiles emitted by the plant. The 13C‐NMR data of (3Z,6E,10E)‐α‐springene and its occurrence in T. marum essential oils are reported for the first time. The importance of the sample preparation step is discussed through the absence/occurrence of dolichodial in both liquid and gaseous matrices studied, respectively. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Potential prognostic biomarker CD73 regulates epidermal growth factor receptor expression in human breast cancer
Authors: Zhi Xiuling , Wang Yingjian , Yu Jerry , Yu Jiangang , Zhang Liying , Yin Lianhua , Zhou Ping 
Published: October 2012

AbstractCD73, an ecto‐enzyme overexpressed in breast‐cancer cells, catalyzes the dephosphorylation of adenosine monophosphates into adenosine. Anti‐CD73 slows breast cancer growth and its spread both in vivo and in vitro. In this study, we investigated the relation of CD73 to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression using tissue array and breast cancer cell lines. We found that CD73 expression correlated positively to EGFR expression in vivo (n = 80, r = 0.425, P < 0.01) and in vitro. EGFR expression can be decreased by suppressing CD73 with an inhibitor or small shRNA, and this effect was reversed by adenosine and NECA (adenosine A2 receptor agonist), which suggested that adenosine is involved in EGFR expression regulated by CD73 (P < 0.01). We also showed that CD73 regulates EGFR phosphorylation by Src (P < 0.01). By transcription factor (TF) assay, CD73 was found to regulate some associated TFs activity such as PPARγ, which mediates EGFR expression, although whether PPARγ mediates the effect of CD73 on EGFR expression needs further study. The Kaplan–Meier recurrence‐free survival curves for CD73 were also plotted in www.kmplot.com. The curves show that CD73 expression separates the cases into significantly different prognostic groups among the estrogen receptor‐negative cancers (P < 0.01). Our results suggest that CD73 may be a potential prognostic biomarker associated with coexpression of EGFR in human breast cancer. © 2012 IUBMB. IUBMB Life, 64(11): 911–920, 2012
Identification and functional characterization of zebrafish Gas7 gene in early development
Authors: Hung Feng‐Chun , Cheng Yi‐Chuan , Sun Nian‐Kang , Chao Chuck C.‐K. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractGrowth arrest‐specific 7 (Gas7) is preferentially expressed in the nervous system and plays an important role during neuritogenesis in mammals. However, the structure and function of Gas7 homologs have not been studied in nonmammalian vertebrates used as models. In this report, we identify a Gas7 gene in zebrafish that we termed zfGas7. The transcript of this gene was produced by canonical splicing, and its protein product contained a Fes/CIP4 homology and a coiled‐coil domain. In early zebrafish embryos, RT‐PCR analyses revealed that zfGas7 was initially expressed at 5.3 hr postfertilization (hpf), followed by an increase of expression at 10 hpf and further accumulation during somitogenesis at 48 hpf. Spatiotemporal analyses further showed that Gas7 mRNA was detected in the brain, somite, and posterior presomitic mesoderm regions during somitogenesis. At 36 hpf, zfGas7 mRNA was detected in the brain and somite but was later found only in neuronal clusters of the brain at 52 hpf. Gas7 knockdown with morpholino antisense oligonucleotides (Gas7MO) reduced the number of HuC‐positive neurons in the trigeminal and statoacoustic ganglions and produced deformed phenotypes, such as flattening of the top of the head. Notably, the neuron reduction and deformed phenotypes observed in Gas7MO embryos were partially rescued by ectopic expression of Gas7. Because altered somitogenesis and pigmentation were also found in the morphants, the neuronal phenotypes observed likely are due to a general developmental delay of embryogenesis. These results indicate that Gas7 is expressed in neuronal cells but is not specifically required for neuronal development in vertebrates. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Safety and early efficacy of irreversible electroporation for hepatic tumors in proximity to vital structures
Authors: Cannon Robert , Ellis Susan , Hayes David , Narayanan Govindarajan , Martin Robert C.G. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIntroductionIrreversible electroporation (IRE) has shown promise for ablation of lesions in proximity to vital structures in the preclinical setting. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of IRE for hepatic tumors in the clinical setting.MethodsAn IRB approved prospective registry of patients undergoing IRE for hepatic tumors over a 2‐year period. Factors analyzed included patient and tumor characteristics, treatment related complications, and local recurrence free survival (LRFS) for ablated lesions. LRFS was calculated according to Kaplan–Meier, with secondary analyses stratified by procedural approach (laparotomy, laparoscopy, and percutaneous) and tumor histology.ResultsThere were 44 patients undergoing 48 total IRE procedures, 20 colorectal mets, 14 hepatocellular, and 10 other metastatsis. Initial success was achieved in 46 (100%) treatments. Five patients had 9 adverse events, with all complications resolving within 30 days. LRFS at 3, 6, and 12 months was 97.4%, 94.6%, and 59.5%. There was a trend toward higher recurrence rates for tumors over 4 cm (HR 3.236, 95% CI: 0.585–17.891; P = 0.178).ConclusionsIRE appears to be a safe treatment for hepatic tumors in proximity to vital structures. Further prospective evaluation is needed to determine the optimal effectiveness of IRE in relation to size and technique for IRE of the liver. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:544–549. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electrospinning of Gelatin/PEO Blends: Influence of Process Parameters in the Nanofiber Properties
Authors: Righi Thiago M. , Almeida Rosemeire S. , d'Ávila Marcos A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSummary: Results of electrospinning of gelatin/PEO blends from aqueous solutions are presented. The effects of applied electric field (15–25 kV), flow rate (0.25–0.75 mL/h) and gelatin concentration in the final fiber diameter were studied. It was observed that the resulting fiber system presented high polydispersity, where fiber diameters ranged from 150 nm to 1.3 µm. In some cases an adequate fibrous system were not obtained. It was observed that the average diameter decreased mainly when the flow rate and gelatin concentration decreased.
Rheological Analysis of Biopolymer Produced by Aureobasidium Pullulans in Different Sources of Nitrogen
Authors: Oliveira Juliana D. , Pimenta Flávia D. , Lopes Lea M. A. , Sérvulo Eliana F. C. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSummary: In this study, the rheological behaviors of media fermented by two Aureobasidium pullulans strains (IOC 3467 and IOC 3011) were evaluated in different nutritional conditions. The media consisted of crystal sugar (sucrose), as the main carbon source, and different nitrogen sources (ammonium sulfate, sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, urea or residual brewery yeast ‐ RBY). Viscosity measurements were performed on cell‐free supernatants, from 48‐hour fermentation assays, at 25 °C. Shear rates ranged between 0.1000 and 500 s−1. All samples showed pseudoplastic behavior. Nevertheless, the viscosimetric profile of each one varied according to the nitrogen source, its concentration and the strain used. The maximum viscosity of 0.06 Pa.s. was achieved at 15.6 s−1 for IOC 3011 strain grown on RBY as nitrogen source.
Thermal, Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Composites Developed from Glycerol and Dicarboxylic Acids Reinforced with Piassava Fiber
Authors: Miranda Cleidiene S. , Fiuza Raigenis P. , Oliveira Jamerson , Carvalho Ricardo F. , Guimarães Danilo H. , José Nádia M. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSummary: Vegetable fibers are being widely used as reinforcement in polymer composites. These composites can be applied in several fields, such as automotive, packaging and even construction. The polymer matrix used was synthesized from glycerol with phthalic and terephthalic acids in order to open future perspectives in the use of glycerin generated from the production of purified biodiesel. Composites with 2, 5, 10 wt% untreated and treated piassava fiber were obtained. Thermal, morphological and mechanical properties were evaluated. The tensile stress‐strain curve of the polyester synthesized and composites was typical of a ductile material. SEM of the surface of fracture showed that the adhesion between fiber and matrix was enhanced after chemical treatment. However, the fiber content was more efficient than the superficial treatment when incorporated into the matrix. Therefore, the material under study is promising for the industrial marketplace, due to its good compatibility with natural fibers.
3D Printing of Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) Porous Structures Using Selective Laser Sintering
Authors: Pereira Tatiana F. , Oliveira Marcelo F. , Maia Izaque A. , Silva Jorge V. L. , Costa Marysilvia F. , Thiré Rossana M. S. M. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSummary: Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) 3D porous cubes were successfully built with Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), one of the many existing 3D printing technologies. The resulting cubes presented shape and dimensions very close to the corresponding virtual model. Moreover, they were resistant to handling without presenting any visible damage. The PHB powder did not present variation in thermal properties and chemical composition after 32.15 hours of SLS process as observed by proton nuclear resonance (1H NMR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, indicating that it can be re‐utilized to print additional structures without affecting the reproducibility of the process.