bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does curcumin improve liver enzymes levels in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease? A systematic review, meta‐analysis, and meta‐regression
Authors: Aragón‐Vela Jerónimo , Sánchez‐Oliver Antonio J. , Huertas Jesús R. , Casuso Rafael A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe aim of this meta‐analysis is to investigate the sources of heterogeneity in randomized clinical trials examining the effects of curcumin supplementation on liver aminotransferases in subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We conducted a systematic search of the PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases for randomized clinical trials and identified 15 studies (n = 835 subjects). We used random‐effects models with DerSimonian‐Laird methods to analyze the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase enzymes. Our results indicate that curcumin did not affect serum alanine aminotransferase, but it did reduce aspartate aminotransferase levels. Notably, both outcomes showed high heterogeneity (p < 0.01). Subgroup analysis revealed that adding piperine to curcumin did not benefit aminotransferase levels in NAFLD patients. Additionally, we found a negative correlation between the duration of the intervention and the relative (mg/kg/day) curcumin dose with the reduction in liver aminotransferases. In summary, the sources of heterogeneity identified in our study are likely attributed to the duration of the intervention and the relative dose of curcumin. Consequently, longer trials utilizing high doses of curcumin could diminish the positive impact of curcumin in reducing serum levels of aminotransferases in patients with NAFLD.
Characteristics and risk profiles of patients with pulmonary arterial or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension living permanently at >2500 m of high altitude in Ecuador
Authors: Hoyos Rodrigo , Lichtblau Mona , Cajamarca Elizabeth , Mayer Laura , Schwarz Esther Irene , Ulrich Silvia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOver 80 Mio people worldwide live >2500 m, including at least as many patients with pulmonary vascular disease (PVD), defined as pulmonary arterial or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (PAH/CTEPH), as elsewhere (estimated 0.1‰). Whether PVD patients living at high altitude have altered disease characteristics due to hypobaric hypoxia is unknown. In a cross‐sectional study conducted at the Hospital Carlos Andrade Marin in Quito, Ecuador, located at 2840 m, we included 36 outpatients with PAH or CTEPH visiting the clinic from January 2022 to July 2023. We collected data on diagnostic right heart catheterization, treatment, and risk factors, including NYHA functional class (FC), 6‐min walk distance (6MWD), and NT‐brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) at baseline and at last follow‐up. Thirty‐six PVD patients (83% women, 32 PAH, 4 CTEPH, mean ± SD age 44 ± 13 years, living altitude 2831 ± 58 m) were included and had the following baseline values: PaO2 8.2 ± 1.6 kPa, PaCO2 3.9 ± 0.5 kPa, SaO2 91 ± 3%, mean pulmonary artery pressure 53 ± 16 mmHg, pulmonary vascular resistance 16 ± 4 WU, 50% FC II, 50% FC III, 6MWD 472 ± 118 m, BNP 490 ± 823 ng/L. Patients were treated for 1628 ± 1186 days with sildenafil (100%), bosentan (33%), calcium channel blockers (33%), diuretics (69%), and oxygen (nocturnal 53%, daytime 11%). Values at last visit were: FC (II 75%, III 25%), 6MWD of 496 ± 108 m, BNP of 576 ± 5774 ng/L. Compared to European PVD registries, ambulatory PVD patients living >2500 m revealed similar blood gases and relatively low and stable risk factor profiles despite severe hemodynamic compromise, suggesting that favorable outcomes are achievable for altitude residents with PVD. Future studies should focus on long‐term outcomes in PVD patients dwelling >2500 m.
Comparison between non‐orographic gravity‐wave parameterizations used in QBOi models and Strateole 2 constant‐level balloons
Authors: Lott F. , Rani R. , McLandress C. , Podglajen A. , Bushell A. , Bramberger M. , Lee H.‐K. , Alexander J. , Anstey J. , Chun H.‐Y. , Hertzog A. , Butchart N. , Kim Y.‐H. , Kawatani Y. , Legras B. , Manzini E. , Naoe H. , Osprey S. , Plougonven R. , Pohlmann H. , Richter J. H. , Scinocca J. , García‐Serrano J. , Serva F. , Stockdale T. , Versick S. , Watanabe S. , Yoshida K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGravity‐wave (GW) parameterizations from 12 general circulation models (GCMs) participating in the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation initiative (QBOi) are compared with Strateole 2 balloon observations made in the tropical lower stratosphere from November 2019–February 2020 (phase 1) and from October 2021–January 2022 (phase 2). The parameterizations employ the three standard techniques used in GCMs to represent subgrid‐scale non‐orographic GWs, namely the two globally spectral techniques developed by Warner and McIntyre (1999) and Hines (1997), as well as the “multiwaves” approaches following the work of Lindzen (1981). The input meteorological fields necessary to run the parameterizations offline are extracted from the ERA5 reanalysis and correspond to the meteorological conditions found underneath the balloons. In general, there is fair agreement between amplitudes derived from measurements for waves with periods less than  h and parameterizations. The correlation between the daily observations and the corresponding results of the parameterization can be around 0.4, which is significant, since 1200 days of observations are used. Given that the parameterizations have only been tuned to produce a quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO) in the models, the 0.4 correlation coefficient of the GW momentum fluxes is surprisingly good. These correlations nevertheless vary between schemes and depend little on their formulation (globally spectral versus multiwaves for instance). We therefore attribute these correlations to dynamical filtering, which all schemes take into account, whereas only a few relate the gravity waves to their sources. Statistically significant correlations are mostly found for eastward‐propagating waves, which may be due to the fact that during both Strateole 2 phases the QBO is easterly at the altitude of the balloon flights. We also found that the probability density functions (pdfs) of the momentum fluxes are represented better in spectral schemes with constant sources than in schemes (“spectral” or “multiwaves”) that relate GWs only to their convective sources.
A quantum chemical investigation of energetic, geometric, mechanistic, and kinetic aspects of multiple proton transfer in cyclic H2O, H2S, and H2O‐H2S clusters
Authors: Monu  , Oram Binod Kumar , Bandyopadhyay Biman 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMultiple proton transfers in cyclic homogenous and mixed H2O‐H2S clusters from trimers to pentamers have been investigated at an affordable and accurate level of theory. Reaction force and Wiberg bond index analyses showed the process to be nearly synchronous in all the homogenous clusters, while asynchronous in the mixed clusters; always initiated by movement of the SH protons to the H‐bonded O atoms. The barriers for proton transfers exhibited a complex pattern, decreasing initially from the homogeneous H2O cluster upon replacement of one H2O by an H2S moiety and subsequently rising monotonically with each subsequent replacement(s) to becoming highest in pure H2S clusters. Finally, the impact of the energetic and mechanistic modulations on the proton transfer kinetics has been studied.
Tailor‐Made Heterocharged Covalent Organic Framework Membrane for Efficient Ion Separation
Authors: Zheng Yu , Li ZhiChao , Yang Zixu , Shen Jianliang , Yang Chao , Wang Hui , Xu Kai , Cheng Lijuan , Hu Yihui , Zhao Yuxuan , Zhang Runnan , Jiang Zhongyi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPore size sieving, Donnan exclusion, and their combined effects seriously affect ion separation of membrane processes. However, traditional polymer‐based membranes face some challenges in precisely controlling both charge distribution and pore size on the membrane surface, which hinders the ion separation performance, such as heavy metal ion removal. Herein, the heterocharged covalent organic framework (COF) membrane is reported by assembling two kinds of ionic COF nanosheets with opposite charges and different pore sizes. By manipulating the stacking quantity and sequence of two kinds of nanosheets, the impact of membrane surface charge and pore size on the separation performance of monovalent and multivalent ions is investigated. For the separation of anions, the effect of pore size sieving is dominant, while for the separation of cations, the effect of Donnan exclusion is dominant. The heterocharged TpEBr/TpPa‐SO3H membrane with a positively charged upper layer and a negatively charged bottom layer exhibits excellent rejection of multivalent anions and cations (Ni2+, Cd2+, Cr2+, CrO42−, SeO32−, etc). The strategy provides not only high‐performance COF membranes for ion separation but also an inspiration for the engineering of heterocharged membranes.
The Reconstruction of Pt(001) Surface and the Shell‐Like Reconstruction of the Vicinal Pt(001) Surfaces Revealed by Neural Network Potential
Authors: Qian Cheng , Hedman Daniel , Li Pai , Kim Sung Youb , Ding Feng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this work, a highly accurate neural network potential (NNP) is presented, named PtNNP, and the exploration of the reconstruction of the Pt(001) surface and its vicinal surfaces with it. Contrary to the most accepted understanding of the Pt(001) surface reconstruction, the study reveals that the main driving force behind Pt(001) quasi‐hexagonal reconstruction is not the surface stress relaxation but the increased coordination number of the surface atoms resulting in stronger intralayer binding in the reconstructed surface layer. In agreement with experimental observations, the optimized supercell size of the reconstructed Pt(001) surface contains (5 × 20) unit cells. Surprisingly, the reconstruction of the vicinal Pt(001) surfaces leads to a smooth shell‐like surface layer covering the whole surface and diminishing sharp step edges.
Regulating Catalytic Oxidation Enantiomers Behavior by Imparting Chiral Microenvironment in Zr‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Niu Xiaohui , Liu Yongqi , Zhao Rui , Yuan Mei , Wang Yuewei , Zhang Jianying , Li Hongxia , Yang Xing , Wang Kunjie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractChiral inversions of enantiomers have significantly different biological activities, so it is important to develop simple and effective methods to efficiently identify optically pure compounds. Inspired by enzyme catalysis, the construction of chiral microenvironments resembling enzyme pockets in the pore space structure of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) to achieve asymmetric enantioselective recognition and catalysis has become a new research hotspot. Here, a super‐stable porphyrin‐containing material PCN‐224 is constructed by solvothermal method and a chiral microenvironment around the existing catalytic site of the material is created by post‐synthesis modifications of the histidine (His) enantiomers. Experimental and theoretical calculations results show that the modulation of chiral ligands around Zr oxide clusters produces different spatial site resistances, which can greatly affect the adsorption and catalytic level of the enantiomeric molecules of tryptophan guests, resulting in a good enantioselective property of the material. It provides new ideas and possibilities for future chiral recognition and asymmetric catalysis.
A systems perspective on the approach to industrial chain and supply chain ecology
Authors: Sun Yu , Yu Haiqing , Wang Hecheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo date, minimal literature is based on a systems perspective to examine the ecosystems of the industrial chain and supply chain. To fill the gap, this study has employed a systems perspective in analysing issues related to the industrial chain–supply chain ecology. The term ‘industrial chain–supply chain’ emerged recently to reflect the current global manufacturing industry structure and a prevalent global supply chain. This study clarifies the concepts of industrial chain ecosystem and supply chain ecosystem, highlighting their similarities and distinctions. Additionally, the study outlines the process of value creation within the industrial chain–supply chain ecosystem, involving innovation in research, technology, products, systems and management, leading to technological breakthroughs and enhancements. A three‐stage model for the industrial chain–supply chain ecosystem is proposed, comprising the blueprint creation stage, the core technology breakthrough stage and the iterative ecosystem upgrade stage.
ESG Practices and Financial Stability in Emerging Market Healthcare Companies: Insights Amidst the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Paridhi  , Ritika  , Kumar Raj 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTThe United Nations SDG 2030 emphasizes the critical role of the healthcare sector in achieving universal health coverage and addressing global health challenges. The COVID‐19 pandemic triggered significant changes in the industry. This study looks at the distinct ESG challenges and opportunities that healthcare companies face in emerging markets like India versus developed markets. It assesses the effect of COVID‐19 on the ESG‐FP relationships of Indian healthcare firms. Using dynamic panel data analysis on 2205 firm‐level observations from 2017 to 2022, researchers discovered a lag effect of ESG measures on accounting metrics. While COVID‐19 temporarily increased FP, its long‐term effect was negligible. It offers empirical evidence on the effectiveness of ESG reporting and provides methodological advancements for robust measurement and analysis. Environmental and governance pillars have a greater influence on healthcare companies' FP‐directing managerial priorities. The study provides actionable recommendations for improving ESG practices in emerging markets like India.
Scientific evidence of the hydrological impacts of nature‐based solutions at the catchment scale
Authors: Lalonde Morgane , Drenkhan Fabian , Rau Pedro , Baiker Jan R. , Buytaert Wouter 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe introduction of nature‐based solutions (NbS) in catchments has the potential to increase the cost‐effectiveness, flexibility, and reliability of water management practices aimed at improving water security. However, the scientific‐evidence base of the hydrological impacts of NbS is still weak, and there is therefore a risk that catchment interventions might not lead to the desired hydrological outcomes. This is especially important when assessing NbS‐based catchment interventions before their implementation, as this requires robust simulation tools capable of effectively managing the uncertainties associated with future forecasts. This study aims to review the hydrological impacts of different NbS intervention types for water management. First, we present an NbS typology and the corresponding dominant hydrological impacts. We then use this typology to review the strength of the current evidence of the effect of NbS interventions on the hydrological response at the catchment‐scale. Our results demonstrate that the effectiveness of each NbS type hinges on specific conditions such as location, design, and environmental factors. For instance, micro‐reservoirs notably enhance surface storage and evaporation, while infiltration trenches reduce runoff but can increase soil erosion. Our global analysis highlights the need for an improved understanding of NbS catchment impacts and careful planning of NbS interventions as a key for successful long‐term implementation of NbS. These include participatory approaches with stakeholder involvement in NbS co‐design, knowledge co‐production, and novel data collection to support locally relevant adaptation strategies, and to increase water security on the long term.This article is categorized under:
Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
Engineering Water > Planning Water
Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness
Non-supersymmetric duality cascade of QCD(BF) via semiclassics on ℝ2 × T2 with the baryon-’t Hooft flux
Authors: Hayashi Yui , Tanizaki Yuya , Watanabe Hiromasa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We study the phase diagrams of the bifundamental QCD (QCD(BF)) of different ranks, which is the 4d SU(N1) × SU(N2) gauge theory coupled with a bifundamental Dirac fermion. After discussing the anomaly constraints on possible vacuum structures, we apply a novel semiclassical approach on ℝ2× T2 with the baryon-’t Hooft flux to obtain the concrete dynamics. The 2d effective theory is derived by the dilute gas approximation of center vortices, and it serves as the basis for determining the phase diagram of the model under the assumption of adiabatic continuity. As an application, we justify the non-supersymmetric duality cascade between different QCD(BF), which has been conjectured in the large-N argument. Combined with the semiclassics and the large-N1,2 limit, we construct the explicit duality map from the parent theory, SU(N1) × SU(N2) QCD(BF), to the daughter theory, SU(N1) × SU(N2− N1) QCD(BF), including the correspondence of the coupling constants. We numerically examine the validity of the duality also for finite N1,2 within our semiclassics, finding a remarkable agreement of the phase diagrams between the parent and daughter sides.
Celestial soft currents at one-loop and their OPEs
Authors: Bhardwaj Rishabh , Yelleshpur Srikant Akshay 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Conformally soft operators and their associated soft theorems on the celestial sphere encode the low energy behaviour of bulk scattering amplitudes. They lead to an infinite dimensional symmetry algebra of the celestial CFT at tree-level. In this paper, focusing our attention to Yang-Mills theory, we introduce new operators in the boundary celestial CFT in order to extend the definition of conformally soft currents to include one-loop effects. We then compute their OPEs with other operators in the theory. We also examine new subtleties that arise in defining OPEs of two conformally soft operators. We elucidate the connection between the new operators and loop corrected soft theorems in the bulk. Finally, we conclude by demonstrating how these operators fit into the framework of a logarithmic CFT.
tRNA-derived fragments in T lymphocyte–beta cell crosstalk and in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis in NOD mice
Authors: Brozzi Flora , Jacovetti Cécile , Cosentino Cristina , Menoud Véronique , Wu Kejing , Bayazit Mustafa Bilal , Abdulkarim Baroj , Iseli Christian , Guex Nicolas , Guay Claudiane , Regazzi Romano 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
tRNAs play a central role in protein synthesis. Besides this canonical function, they were recently found to generate non-coding RNA fragments (tRFs) regulating different cellular activities. The aim of this study was to assess the involvement of tRFs in the crosstalk between immune cells and beta cells and to investigate their contribution to the development of type 1 diabetes.

Methods
Global profiling of the tRFs present in pancreatic islets of 4- and 8-week-old NOD mice and in extracellular vesicles released by activated CD4+ T lymphocytes was performed by small RNA-seq. Changes in the level of specific fragments were confirmed by quantitative PCR. The transfer of tRFs from immune cells to beta cells occurring during insulitis was assessed using an RNA-tagging approach. The functional role of tRFs increasing in beta cells during the initial phases of type 1 diabetes was determined by overexpressing them in dissociated islet cells and by determining the impact on gene expression and beta cell apoptosis.

Results
We found that the tRF pool was altered in the islets of NOD mice during the initial phases of type 1 diabetes. Part of these changes were triggered by prolonged exposure of beta cells to proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ) while others resulted from the delivery of tRFs produced by CD4+ T lymphocytes infiltrating the islets. Indeed, we identified several tRFs that were enriched in extracellular vesicles from CD4+/CD25− T cells and were transferred to beta cells upon adoptive transfer of these immune cells in NOD.SCID mice. The tRFs delivered to beta cells during the autoimmune reaction triggered gene expression changes that affected the immune regulatory capacity of insulin-secreting cells and rendered the cells more prone to apoptosis.

Conclusions/interpretation
Our data point to tRFs as novel players in the crosstalk between the immune system and insulin-secreting cells and suggest a potential involvement of this novel class of non-coding RNAs in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis.

Data availability
Sequences are available from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) with accession numbers GSE242568 and GSE256343.

Graphical Abstract
A Nesterov Type Algorithm with Double Tikhonov Regularization: Fast Convergence of the Function Values and Strong Convergence to the Minimal Norm Solution
Authors: Karapetyants Mikhail , László Szilárd Csaba 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe investigate the strong convergence properties of a Nesterov type algorithm with two Tikhonov regularization terms in connection to the minimization problem of a smooth convex functionf. We show that the generated sequences converge strongly to the minimal norm element from$$\text {argmin}f$$argminf. We also show fast convergence for the potential energies$$f(x_n)-\text {min}f$$f(xn)-minfand$$f(y_n)-\text {min}f$$f(yn)-minf, where$$(x_n),\,(y_n)$$(xn),(yn)are the sequences generated by our algorithm. Further we obtain fast convergence to zero of the discrete velocity and some estimates concerning the value of the gradient of the objective function in the generated sequences. Via some numerical experiments we show that we need both Tikhonov regularization terms in our algorithm in order to obtain the strong convergence of the generated sequences to the minimum norm minimizer of our objective function.
Dynamic Energy Budget model for E. coli growth in carbon and nitrogen limitation conditions
Authors: Matyja Konrad , Lech Magdalena 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The simulations and predictions obtained from mathematical models of bioprocesses conducted by microorganisms are not overvalued. Mechanistic models are bringing a better process understanding and the possibility of simulating unmeasurable variables. The Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) model is an energy balance that can be formulated for any living organism and can be classified as a structured model. In this study, the DEB model was used to describe E. coli growth in a batch reactor in carbon and nitrogen substrate limitation conditions. The DEB model provides a possibility to follow the changes in the microbes’ cells including their elemental composition and content of some important cell ingredients in different growth phases in substrate limitation conditions which makes it more informative compared to Monod’s model. The model can be used as an optimal choice between Monod-like models and flux-based approaches.

Key points
• The DEB model can be used to catch changes in elemental composition of E. coli
• Bacteria batch culture growth phases can be explained by the DEB model
• The DEB model is more informative compared to Monod’s based models