bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Oral Nutritional Supplements Improve Medicare Patient Outcomes in the Hospital?
Authors: Lakdawalla Darius N. , Snider Julia Thornton , Perlroth Daniella J. , LaVallee Chris , Linthicum Mark T. , Philipson Tomas J. , Partridge Jamie S. , Wischmeyer Paul E. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
We analyzed the effect of oral nutritional supplement (ONS) use on 30-day readmission rates, length of stay (LOS), and episode costs in hospitalized Medicare patients (≥65), and subsets of patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), congestive heart failure (CHF) or pneumonia (PNA). Propensity-score matching and instrumental variables were used to analyze ONS and non-ONS episodes from the Premier Research Database (2000–2010). ONS use was associated with reductions in probability of 30-day readmission by 12.0% in AMI and 10.1% in CHF. LOS decreases of 10.9% in AMI, 14.2% in CHF, and 8.5% in PNA were associated with ONS, as were decreases in episode costs in AMI, CHF and PNA of 5.1%, 7.8% and 10.6%, respectively. The effect on LOS and episode cost was greatest for the Any Diagnosis population, with decreases of 16.0% and 15.8%, respectively. ONS use in hospitalized Medicare patients ≥65 is associated with improved outcomes and decreased healthcare costs, and is therefore relevant to providers seeking an inexpensive, evidence-based approach for meeting Affordable Care Act quality targets.
Optimization Approach to Design Single Feed Symmetric and Asymmetric Multibeam Reflectarrays
Authors: Gómez Josefa , Tayebi Abdelhamid , Cátedra Felipe 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA novel optimization method to design the layout of printed reflectarrays for multibeam operation is presented in this paper. The proposed approach allows using different classes of cell elements to design the layout of reflectarrays. Therefore, phase curves do not have to fulfill the requirement of having a phase range wider than 360°. The dimensions of each cell element are adjusted to achieve the required phase distribution to radiate symmetric or asymmetric multiple beams. Five different reflectarrays have been designed by using this technique. Numerical simulations demonstrate high gain performance and low side lobe levels.
Precise Ionosphere Monitoring via a DSFH Satellite TT&C Link
Authors: Chen Xiao , Li Guangxia , Li Zhiqiang , Yue Chao 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA phase-coherent and frequency-hopped PN ranging system was developed, originally for the purpose of anti-jamming TT&C (tracking, telemetry and telecommand) of military satellites of China, including the Beidou-2 navigation satellites. The key innovation in the synchronization of this system is the unambiguous phase recovery of direct sequence and frequency hopping (DSFH) spread spectrum signal and the correction of frequency-dependent phase rotation caused by ionosphere. With synchronization achieved, a TEC monitoring algorithm based on maximum likelihood (ML) principle is proposed and its measuring precision is analyzed through ground simulation, onboard confirmation tests will be performed when transionosphere DSFH links are established in 2014. The measuring precision of TEC exceeds that obtained from GPS receiver data because the measurement is derived from unambiguous carrier phase estimates, not pseudorange estimates. The observation results from TT&C stations can provide real time regional ionosphere TEC estimation.
Outage Probability of SINR for Underlay Cognitive Radio Systems in Nakagami Fading
Authors: Jarrouj Jiana , Blagojevic Vesna , Ivanis Predrag 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn this paper underlay cognitive radio system is analyzed in Nakagami fading environment, for the case when the available channel state information (CSI) of the link from the secondary transmitter to the primary receiver is outdated. We considered the case when both interference and transmit power constraints are applied. The impact of the co-channel interference that originates from the primary user is analyzed in details. The exact closed-form expressions for probability density function, outage probability, and the moments of signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR) at the secondary user's receiver are derived. The analytical expressions are verified by using independent Monte Carlo simulation method.
New Design of Integrated 2D Photonic Crystal Narrow Band Filters Using the FDTD-2D Method
Authors: Badaoui Hadjira Abri , Abri Mehadji 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn this paper, integrated 2D photonic crystal narrow band filter design is achieved based on transmission spectra shift. The presented effective technique for the design of narrow band resonant filters obtained by one-missing-row and by choosing proper radii of air holes of the waveguide is proposed. The 2D photonic crystals are designed by utilizing cascaded waveguides with different radii of air holes. The results are presented for normal incident wave with TE polarizations with a narrow spectral bandwidth centered at λ = 1.55 μm. We also discuss the filtering process and its necessary modifications to achieve efficient filtering. A final synthesized filter topology is presented and a band from 1.53 μm to 1.57 μm around 1.55 μm is transmitted with a maximum transmission of about 77% with better performances is achieved.
A Proposed Stealthy Target Detection in Ground Plane Effect Based on Balloon-borne Netted System Using Hybrid (PO/TDOA) Method
Authors: Barbary Mohamed , Zong Peng 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA proposed detection technique for stealthy target model F-117A based on balloon-borne netted radar system is applied. One of the potential problems of the proposed scheme is the ground plane effect caused by the high altitude platform. In this paper, we present a proposed study of the ground plane effect on the stealthy detection based on a new hybrid of the physical optics (PO) and time difference of arrival (TDOA) methods. Through simulation, the effect results of all parameters characterizing the clutter on balloon fall point distribution are obtained. To achieve high location accuracy of stealthy model, we proposed a scheme of detecting stealthy model in ground plane effect by using accurate radar cross section (RCS) measurement to compute the stealthy target position based on PO formulation. The netted radar sensitivity of proposed scheme has been improved due to increasing PO-scattered field of stealthy model with higher aspect angles of balloon-borne comparing to the conventional ground-based netted system, which has limited observability and poor detection due to low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Simulations demonstrate that proposed scheme gives much higher location accuracy and reduces location errors comparing to the conventional system.
Evaluation of Efficiency of Transcoding Steganography
Authors: Janicki Artur , Mazurczyk Wojciech , Szczypiorski Krzysztof 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Nowadays cyber criminalists’ interest in incorporation of steganography into armory of rogue hackers is on the rise and information hiding techniques are becoming the new black among Black Hats. In this paper we focus on analyzing the efficiency of the recently proposed IP telephony information hiding method called transcoding steganography (TranSteg) that enables hidden communication with a high steganographic bandwidth while retaining good voice quality. Specifically, we focus on analyzing which voice codecs would be the most favourable for TranSteg to minimize the negative influence on voice quality while maximizing the obtained steganographic bandwidth and limiting the risk of detection.
From Weakest Link to Security Hero: Transforming Staff Security Behavior
Authors: Pfleeger Shari Lawrence , Sasse M. Angela , Furnham Adrian 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Practitioners, researchers and policy-makers involved with cyber security often talk about “security hygiene:” ways to encourage users of computer technology to use safe and secure behavior online. But how do we persuade workers to follow simple, fundamental processes to protect themselves and others? These issues are raised by behavioral scientists, to encourage worker, passenger and patient compliance. In this paper, we explore and summarize findings in social psychology about moral values and habit formation, and then integrate them into suggestions for transforming staff security behavior online.
A longitudinal study of brainstem auditory response from birth to late term in late preterm babies and abnormal findings in high-risk babies
Authors: Jiang Ze Dong 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine brainstem auditory function in late preterm babies from birth to late term and detect abnormality in high-risk babies.

Methods: A total of 125 babies born at 33–36 weeks’ gestations were studied by longitudinally recording brainstem auditory evoked response from birth to postconceptional age (PCA) 42 weeks. The data were compared between 88 babies who had various perinatal problems (high-risk group) and 37 babies who had no major perinatal problems (healthy group).

Results: As PCA increased from 33 to 42 weeks, all wave latencies and I-V interpeak interval in brainstem auditory evoked response were decreased, while all wave amplitudes were increased in these babies. At PCA 33–34 weeks, wave III and V latencies and I-V interval in the high-risk late preterm babies were significantly longer than those in the healthy late preterm babies (P<0.05–0.01). At PCA 35–36 weeks, both V latency and I-V interval were significantly longer than those in the healthy babies (P<0.05 and 0.01). During the term period (PCA 37–42 weeks), these differences became smaller with increasing age. The wave V latency and I-V interval in the high-risk babies were significantly longer than those in the healthy babies at PCA 37–38 and 39–40 weeks (all P<0.05), though not significantly at PCA 41–42 weeks. The amplitudes of waves I, III, and V all tended to be smaller than those in the healthy babies.

Conclusions: During early life, brainstem auditory function is abnormal in high-risk late preterm babies. The abnormality is most significant at early preterm, improves with increasing age and approaches normal at late term.
Complementizer agreement in eastern Wisconsin: (Central) Franconian features in an American heritage language community
Authors: Bousquette Joshua 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The present study shows that Wisconsin Heritage German licenses complementizer agreement for second person singular, with inflectional affixes developed through the reanalysis of phonetically-derived hiatus effects. Most frequently attested in speakers with direct ancestry to Franconian-speaking regions, this phenomenon is restricted to second person singular, consistent with the input varieties at time of immigration. Analyzed diachronically, complementizer agreement is shown to progress through a linguistic cycle involving the reanalysis and subsequent compensatory reinforcement of subject pronouns, with Wisconsin Heritage German exhibiting the earliest stage of this cycle.
Complex complementizers and the structural relation with weak T. New (morpho)syntactic data from a Pomeranian language island in Brazil
Authors: Postma Gertjan 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this paper I discuss three properties of Brazilian Pomeranian, a Germanic language spoken in Espirito Santo, Brazil by descendents who emigrated in the 19th century. These three aspects of the verbal system are: 1. The relation between complex complementizers, a two-infinitive system, and split infinitives, previously discussed in van Gelderen (1993, 1998) and Schallert (2012, 2013), 2. Verb Projection Raising (VPR), as discussed by Riemsdijk 2002, Haegeman 2007, Salzmann 2011, and Brandner & Salzmann 2012, and 3. Verb-Second positioning of verbal clusters, previously discussed in Vos (2005). I discuss novel Pomeranian data from the perspective of the literature on these three topics, which have been thus far studied largely separately from one another. An integrated discussion sheds light on the nature and the proper analysis of these three phenomena. I argue that these phenomena are caused by the “weaknesses” of T. The weakness of T can be resolved “downward” by copying features onto T under selection by a higher head (agree), or can be resolved “upward” under head movement of T.
Work Ability Index (WAI) and Its Health‐related Determinants among Iranian Farmers Working in Small Farm Enterprises
Authors: Rostamabadi Akbar , Mazloumi Adel , Foroushani Abbas Rahimi 
Published: October 2014

Work Ability Index (WAI) and Its Health‐related Determinants among Iranian Farmers Working in Small Farm Enterprises: Akbar ROSTAMABADI, et al. Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Ashtian Health Care Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Iran—ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the Work Ability Index (WAI) and examine the influence of health dimensions and demographic variables on the work ability of Iranian farmers working in small farm enterprises.MethodA cross‐sectional study was conducted among 294 male farmers. The WAI and SF‐36 questionnaires were used to determine work ability and health status. The effect of demographics variables on the work ability index was investigated with the independent samples t‐test and one‐way ANOVA. Also, multiple linear regression analysis was used to test the association between the mean WAI score and the SF‐36 scales.ResultsThe mean WAI score was 35.1 (SD=10.6). One‐way ANOVA revealed a significant relationship between the mean WAI and age. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that work ability was more influenced by physical scales of the health dimensions, such as physical function, role‐physical, and general health, whereas a lower association was found for mental scales such as mental health.ConclusionsThe average WAI was at a moderate work ability level for the sample population of farmers in this study. Based on the WAI guidelines, improvement of work ability and identification of factors affecting it should be considered a priority in interventional programs. Given the influence of health dimensions on WAI, any intervention program for preservation and promotion of work ability among the studied farmers should be based on balancing and optimizing the physical and psychosocial work environments, with a special focus on reducing physical work load.
Work Stressors, Perseverative Cognition and Objective Sleep Quality: A Longitudinal Study among Dutch Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS) Pilots
Authors: Radstaak Mirjam , Geurts Sabine A. E. , Beckers Debby G. J. , Brosschot Jos F. , Kompier Michiel A. J. 
Published: October 2014

Work Stressors, Perseverative Cognition and Objective Sleep Quality: A Longitudinal Study among Dutch Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS) Pilots: Mirjam RADSTAAK, et al. Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands—ObjectivesThis longitudinal study examined the associations between work stressors, perseverative cognition and subjective and objective sleep quality. We hypothesized work stressors to be associated with (i) poor nocturnal sleep quality and (ii) higher levels of perseverative cognition during a free evening. We further hypothesized (iii) perseverative cognition to be associated with poor nocturnal sleep quality and (iv) the association between work stressors and sleep quality to be mediated by perseverative cognition.MethodsThe participants were 24 pilots working for the Dutch Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS). They completed six questionnaires: at the end of three consecutive day shifts and each morning following the shifts. The questionnaires addressed work stressors (workload, distressing shifts and work‐related conflicts), subjective sleep quality and perseverative cognition. Participants wore actigraphs to assess sleep onset latency, total sleep time and number of awakenings.ResultsCorrelation analysis revealed that (i) distressing shifts were related to delayed sleep onset (r=0.50, p=0.026) and that workload was related to impaired sleep quality (e.g., subjective sleep quality: r=−0.42, p=0.044). Moreover, (ii) distressing shifts were positively related to perseverative cognition (r=0.62, p=0.002), (iii) perseverative cognition delayed sleep onset (r=0.74, p<0.001) and (iv) mediated the association between distressing shifts and sleep onset latency.ConclusionsPerseverative cognition may be an explanatory mechanism in the association between work stressors and poor sleep.
Effect of NaCl salinity on seed germination and seedling emergence of purple passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims)
Authors: Montaña Luis Ariel , Fischer Gerhard , Magnitskiy Stanislav , Zuluaga Guillermo 
Published: October 2014

The purple passion fruit is propagated by seeds, but factors, such as hardiness and impermeability of the testa and salinity and pH of the soil, give rise to problems in germination and uniformity of seedlings. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effect of different NaCl concentrations (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 mM, corresponding to 0.8, 3.0, 6.0, 9.0, and 12.2 dS m-1) on the germination and emergence of purple passion fruit seeds. For the germination test, 50 seeds per Petri dish were used, which were watered with a saline solution weekly. A seed was considered germinated when the radicle reached 2 mm. In the case of seedling emergence, 50 seeds were sown in cleaned river sand at a 1 cm depth on polystyrene trays, covered with transparent plastic film. They were irrigated weekly with different NaCl concentrations and the electrical conductivity (EC) of the substrate was measured. A seedling was considered emerged when the hypocotyl was fully erect. The results showed significant differences, with germination being higher in seeds treated with 30 mM NaCl than in the control seeds, and no statistical differences for the 60 and 90 mM NaCl treatments. The emergence was significantly higher in the 0 (0.05 dS m-1 of the substrate) and 30 mM NaCl (0.71 dS m-1) treated seeds when compared with 60 mM (1.25 dS m-1), 90 mM (1.69 dS m-1) and 120 mM NaCl (2.30 dS m-1 of the substrate). There was a decline in the chlorophyll contents of the seedling cotyledons and an increased substrate EC with increasing NaCl concentrations.
Pruning affects the vegetative balance of the wine grape (Vitis vinifera L.)
Authors: Serrano-Cely Pablo Antonio , Forero-Ulloa Fabio Emilio , Arango Johana , Puerto Ángela Milena 
Published: October 2014

The cultivation of grapes for the production of wine at altitudes between 2,200 and 2,600 masl started in the department of Boyacá in 1982. Quality wines are produced by the Ain Karim Vineyard in Ricaurte High. It is necessary to have wine grapes that possess suitable organoleptic compounds at harvest in order to guarantee quality grape must that can be converted into wine. For this, it is necessary to have a suitable ratio between the inflows and the outflows and to guarantee production, quality and vegetative sustainability over time, conserving the equilibrium and benefiting the productive potential of the vineyard. This study aimed to evaluate the productive and vegetative balance effect in the wine grape varieties (Vitis vinífera L.) Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon Blanc in Sutamarchán-Boyacá, considering different pruning types (short, long, and mixed). A bifactorial, completely random statistical design was used. At the time of harvest, the fruit production and pruned wood were evaluated. The long-pruned vines presented the best behavior and the most balanced inflow/outflow ratio, while Sauvignon Blanc demonstrated a better productive yield. Meanwhile, the short and mixed prunings presented the better values for the ravaz index, indicating that they are more suitable for the conditions of the region, allowing for sustainability during the productive cycles of the wine grapes.
Antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of air-dried cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) at different ripeness stages
Authors: Narváez-Cuenca Carlos Eduardo , Mateus-Gómez Ángela , Restrepo-Sánchez Luz Patricia 
Published: October 2014

Because the use of drying at high temperatures might negatively affect the functional properties of fruits, the effect of air-drying at 60°C on the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity (AOC) of cape gooseberry fruit was evaluated at three ripeness stages. The AOC was evaluated with 2,2'-azino-bis(3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS ), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and b-carotene-linoleate assays. The TPC and AOC increased in the fresh fruit as the ripeness stage increased. The TPC increased from 401.8±19.8 to 569.3±22.3 mg GA E/100 g dry weight (DW). The AOC values obtained with ABTS in the fresh fruit (ranging from 79.4±4.5 to 132.7±12.9 mmol trolox/g fruit DW) were comparable to those obtained with FRAP (ranging from 82.9±16.3 to 153.9±31.7 mmol trolox/g fruit DW). The values assessed with DPPH ranged from 21.0±3.2 to 34.1±5.1 mmol trolox/g fruit DW. The b-carotene-linoleate assay gave values ranging from 5.8±1.1 to 12.7±2.0 mmol a-tocoferol/g fruit DW. Air-drying the cape gooseberry fruit had a small influence on the TPC. The air-dried fruit had AOC values ranging from 27 to 164% of the value of the fresh fruit. While the ABTS assay produced higher values in the air-dried fruit than in the fresh fruit, the FRAP, DPPH, and b-carotene-linoleate assays resulted in lower values in the air-dried fruit.
Potential growing model for the standard carnation cv. Delphi
Authors: Lopez M. Miguel Ángel , Chaves C. Bernardo , Flórez R. Víctor Julio 
Published: October 2014

The cut flower business requires exact synchronicity between product offer and demand in consumer countries. Having tools that help to improve this synchronicity through predictions or crop growth monitoring could provide an important advantage to program standards and corrective agronomic practices. At the Centro de Biotecnología Agropecuaria, SENA (SENA's Biotechnology, Agricultural and Livestock Center), located in Mosquera, Cundinamarca, a trial with standard carnation cv. Delphi grown under greenhouse conditions was carried out. The objective of this study was to build a simple model of dry matter (DM) production and partition of on-carnation flower stems. The model was based on the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) MJ m-2 d-1 and temperature as exogenous variables and assumed no water or nutrient limitations or damage caused by pests, disease or weeds. In this model, the daily DM increase depended on the PAR, the light fraction intercepted by the foliage (FLINT) and the light use efficiency (LUE) g MJ-1. The LUE in the vegetative and reproductive stages reached values of 1.31 and 0.74 g MJ-1, respectively. The estimated extinction coefficient (k) value corresponded to 0.53 and the maximum FLINT was between 0.79 and 0.82. Partitioning between the plant vegetative and reproductive stages was modeled based on the hypothesis that the partition is regulated by the source sink relationship. The estimated partition coefficient for the vegetative stage of the leaves was 0.63 and 0.37 for the stems. During the reproductive stage, the partitioning coefficients of leaves, stems and flower buds were 0.05, 0.74, and 0.21, respectively.