bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrocatalytic Synergy on Nanoparticulate Films Prepared from Oppositely Charged Pt and Au Nanoparticles
Authors: Dolinska Joanna , Kannan Palanisamy , Sashuk Volodymyr , Jonsson‐Niedziolka Martin , Kaszkur Zbigniew , Lisowski Wojciech , Opallo Marcin 
Published: April 2014

AbstractElectrodes modified with oppositely charged platinum and gold nanoparticles exhibit electrocatalytic synergy of glucose oxidation. Such a simple method of preparation of bimetallic nanoparticulate films produces an electrode with significant shift of the onset potential as compared to electrodes prepared only from platinum (ca. 0.45 V) or gold (ca. 0.6 V) nanoparticles. The observed effect results from close proximity of the Au and Pt nanoparticles surfaces within the film. The electrode was also characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, powder X‐ray diffraction measurements and cyclic voltammetry.
The Coordination Chemistry of Pentafluorophenylphosphino Pincer Ligands to Platinum and Palladium
Authors: Anderson Bradley G. , Spencer John L. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe synthesis of electron‐poor PCP pincer ligands 1,3‐((C6F5)2PO)2C6H4, 1,3‐((C6F5)2PCH2)2C6H4, and 1‐((C6F5)2PO)‐3‐(tBu2PCH2)C6H4, and their coordination chemistry to platinum and palladium is described. The most electron‐poor ligand 1,3‐((C6F5)2PO)2C6H4 (POCOPH) reacts with Group 10 metal chloride precursors to form a range of unusual cis, trans‐dimers of the type κ2‐P,P‐[(POCOPH)MCl(L)]2 (M=Pt, Pd; L=Cl, Me), which undergo metallation to form [(POCOP)MCl] pincer complexes only under prolonged thermolysis. The formation of such cis,trans‐dimers during pincer complex formation can be mitigated through the use of starting materials with more strongly binding ancillary ligands, improving the overall rate of ligand metallation. Carbonyl complexes of the type [(PCP)M(CO)]+ were synthesised from the pincer chloride complexes by halide abstraction, and displayed large ν(CO) values, from 2170–2111 cm−1, confirming the electron‐poor nature of the compounds. The [(PCP)Pd(CO)]+ complexes also demonstrated the ability to reversibly bind carbon monoxide both in solution and the solid state, with the rate of decarbonylation increasing with increasing wavenumber for the CO stretch.
Synthesis and Characterization of NiIIIN3S2 Complexes as Active Site Models for the Oxidized Form of Nickel Superoxide Dismutase
Authors: Chiang Chien‐Wei , Chu Yun‐Li , Chen Hong‐Ling , Kuo Ting‐Shen , Lee Way‐Zen 
Published: April 2014

AbstractNickel complexes, [Ni(H2BARTPP)](ClO4)2 (R=Ph for 1 or iPr for 2), supported by a pentadentate ligand H2BARTPP were synthesized and oxidized to form NiIII species having a N3S2 coordination environment to mimic the active site of the oxidized form of nickel superoxide dismutase (NiSODox). The NiIII species 2+ exhibited a rhombic signal with g values at 2.15, 2.12 and 2.02 similar to that of NiSODox. DFT calculations revealed that 2+ has an unpaired electron primarily located in the d orbital of the NiIII center, which strongly overlaps with the pz orbital of the axial pyridine nitrogen of H2BAPrTPP.
A Novel N,P,C Cage Complex Formed by Rearrangement of a Tricyclic Phosphirane Complex: On the Importance of Non‐covalent Interactions
Authors: Nesterov Vitaly , Espinosa Arturo , Schnakenburg Gregor , Streubel Rainer 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe reaction of Li/ClP‐CPh3phosphinidenoid tungsten(0) complex2with dimethylcyanamide afforded tricyclic phosphirane complex4, an unprecedented rearrangement of which led to the novel N,P,C cage complex6. On the basis of DFT calculations, formation and intramolecular [3+2] cycloaddition of the transient nitrilium phosphane ylide complex3to a phenyl ring of the triphenylmethyl substituent to give4is proposed. Furthermore, theoretical evidence for terminalN‐amidinophosphinidene complex7, formed by [2+1] cycloelimination from4, is provided, and the role of the electronic structure and non‐covalent interactions of intermediate7discussed.
Dense Energetic Nitraminofurazanes
Authors: Fischer Dennis , Klapötke Thomas M. , Reymann Marius , Stierstorfer Jörg 
Published: April 2014

Abstract3,3′‐Diamino‐4,4′‐bifurazane (1), 3,3′‐diaminoazo‐4,4′‐furazane (2), and 3,3′‐diaminoazoxy‐4,4′‐furazane (3) were nitrated in 100 % HNO3 to give corresponding 3,3′‐dinitramino‐4,4′‐bifurazane (4), 3,3′‐dinitramino‐4,4′‐azofurazane (5) and 3,3′‐dinitramino‐4,4′‐azoxyfurazane (6), respectively. The neutral compounds show very imposing explosive performance but possess lower thermal stability and higher sensitivity than hexogen (RDX). More than 40 nitrogen‐rich compounds and metal salts were prepared. Most compounds were characterized by low‐temperature X‐ray diffraction, all of them by infrared and Raman spectroscopy, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Calculated energetic performances using the EXPLO5 code based on calculated (CBS‐4M) heats of formation and X‐ray densities support the high energetic performances of the nitraminofurazanes as energetic materials. The sensitivities towards impact, friction, and electrostatic discharge were also explored. Additionally the general toxicity of the anions against vibrio fischeri, representative for an aquatic microorganism, was determined.
A Glutathione‐Activated Phthalocyanine‐Based Photosensitizer for Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: He Hui , Lo Pui‐Chi , Ng Dennis K. P. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Dennis Ng at The Chinese University of Hong Kong. The image depicts the interaction of a molecular phthalocyanine‐quencher dyad with glutathione, resulting in detachment of the quencher, enhancement of fluorescence, and generation of singlet oxygen. The “activation” has also been demonstrated in tumor‐bearing nude mice. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201400001.
Compression and Breakage Behavior of γ‐Al2O3 Granules
Authors: Müller Peter , Seeger Michael , Tomas Jürgen 
Published: April 2014

AbstractDas Materialverhalten dominant elastisch‐plastischer, kugelförmiger γ‐Al2O3‐Granulate bei Druckbeanspruchung bis zum Bruch wurde experimentell ermittelt und die aufgezeichneten Kraft‐Weg‐Kurven mittels mechanischer Modelle aus der Literatur angepasst. Zusätzlich wurde der Einfluss der Partikelgröße und der Feuchtebeladung auf das Druckverhalten bestimmt. Aus den aufgezeichneten Kraft‐Weg‐Kurven können ebenfalls die mechanischen Eigenschaften der Granulate ermittelt werden. Zudem lassen sich die spezifischen Bruchenergieverteilungen und die energetisch äquivalenten Bruchgeschwindigkeitsverteilungen ableiten.
Characteristics of Maltodextrin‐Based Adhesive Agents for Production of Non‐Sweet Snack Bars
Authors: Herbst Julia‐Katrin , Schröder Jewe , Wolf Frederik , Schuchmann Heike Petra 
Published: April 2014

AbstractFür das Verbinden von Komponenten in nicht süßen Snackriegeln wurden zwei Klebesysteme – eine Paste und eine Folie – auf Basis von Maltodextrin entwickelt und hinsichtlich Klebefähigkeit, Adsorptionsverhalten und Einfluss auf die Textur eines damit hergestellten Snacks untersucht. Beide Systeme zeigten trotz unterschiedlicher Klebefestigkeit eine ausreichende qualitative Klebefähigkeit. Die Folie hatte einen weniger ausgeprägten Einfluss auf die Textur, was auf das geringfügig bessere Wasserbindevermögen zurückzuführen ist.
The rise and fall of prostate brachytherapy: Use of brachytherapy for the treatment of localized prostate cancer in the National Cancer Data Base
Authors: Martin Jeffrey M. , Handorf Elizabeth A. , Kutikov Alexander , Uzzo Robert G. , Bekelman Justin E. , Horwitz Eric M. , Smaldone Marc C. 
Published: April 2014

BACKGROUNDBrachytherapy has been shown to be an efficacious and cost‐effective treatment among patients with localized prostate cancer. In this study, the authors examined trends in brachytherapy use for localized prostate cancer using a large national cancer registry.METHODSIn the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB), a total of 1,547,941 patients with localized prostate cancer were identified from 1998 through 2010. Excluding patients with lymph node‐positive or metastatic disease, the authors examined primary treatment trends focusing on the use of brachytherapy over time. Patients with available data (2004‐2009) were stratified by National Comprehensive Cancer Network risk criteria. Controlling for year of diagnosis and demographic, clinical, and pathologic characteristics, multivariate analyses were performed examining the association between patient characteristics and receipt of brachytherapy.RESULTSIn the study cohort, brachytherapy use reached a peak of 16.7% in 2002, and then steadily declined to a low of 8% in 2010. Of the 719,789 patients with available data for risk stratification, 41.1%, 35.3%, and 23.6%, respectively, met low, intermediate, and high National Comprehensive Cancer Network risk criteria. After adjustment, patients of increasing age and those with Medicare insurance were more likely to receive brachytherapy. In contrast, patients with intermediate‐risk or high‐risk disease, Medicaid insurance, increasing comorbidity count, and increasing year of diagnosis were less likely to receive brachytherapy.CONCLUSIONSFor patients with localized prostate cancer who are treated at National Cancer Data Base institutions, there has been a steady decline in brachytherapy use since 2003. For low‐risk patients, the declining use of brachytherapy monotherapy compared with more costly emerging therapies has significant health policy implications. Cancer 2014;120:2114–2121. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Quinquephenyl: The Simplest Rigid‐Rod‐Like Nematic Liquid Crystal, or is it? An Atomistic Simulation
Authors: Olivier Yoann , Muccioli Luca , Zannoni Claudio 
Published: April 2014

AbstractWe have performed an atomistic molecular‐dynamics study on the molecular organization and liquid‐crystalline properties of quinquephenyl (P5), a prototypical mesogen that is of interest for organic electronics. The thermotropic behavior reveals different mesophases. When cooling down from the isotropic phase, a transition to nematic (≈715 K) is found, then a smecticSA(≈657 K) and another smectic,${S_{\rm{A}}^{\rm{X}} }$(≈642 K), before a crystalline phase is recovered (≈617 K). This phase sequence is compared with experimental findings. The different phases are described in terms of their molecular organization, orientational and positional order parameters, and pair distribution functions, as well as of their dynamics properties. In particular, the smectic phases that have not yet been characterized experimentally are discussed. By analyzing the effective shape of P5, it is concluded that its internal torsions and bending make it less rigid than could be expected.
Study of Carbamate‐Modified Disiloxane in Porous PVDF‐HFP Membranes: New Electrolytes/Separators for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Jeschke Steffen , Mutke Monika , Jiang Zhongxiang , Alt Burkhard , Wiemhöfer Hans‐Dieter 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA gel electrolyte membrane is obtained through the absorption of a carbamate‐modified liquid disiloxane‐containing lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (LiTFSI) by using macroporous poly(vinylidene fluoride–hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐HFP) membranes. The porous membranes are prepared by means of a phase inversion technique. The resulting gel electrolyte membrane is studied by using differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and microscope mapping through coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) confocal microscopy and impedance spectroscopy. The ionic conductivity of the gel electrolyte is 10−4 S cm−1 at 20 °C. FTIR spectroscopy reveals interactions between LiTFSI and the carbonyl moiety of the disiloxane. No interactions between LiTFSI and PVDF‐HFP or between disiloxane and PVDF‐HFP are detected by FTIR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the distribution of the α and β/γ phases of PVDF‐HFP and the homogeneous distribution of disiloxane/LiTFSI in the gel electrolyte membranes are examined by FTIR mapping. CARS confocal microscopy is used to image the three‐dimensional interconnectivity, which reveals a reticulated structure of macrovoids in the porous PVDF‐HFP framework. Owing to properties such as electrochemical and thermal stability of the disiloxane‐based liquid electrolyte and the mechanical stability of the porous PVDF‐HFP membrane, the gel electrolyte membranes presented herein are promising candidates for applications as electrolytes/separators in lithium‐ion batteries.
An Aqueous Lithium–Iodine Battery with Solid Polymer Electrolyte‐Coated Metallic Lithium Anode
Authors: Zhao Yu , Mercier Nadège Bonnet , Byon Hye Ryung 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAn aqueous lithium–iodine (Li–I2) cell with solid polymer electrolyte (SPE)‐passivated metallic Li is demonstrated. The metallic Li anode is isolated from the aqueous I3−/I− cathode by the SPE and a Li‐ion‐conductive solid electrolyte layer. The proposed aqueous Li–I2 cells exhibit a discharge potential of approximately 3.4 V versus Li+/Li, stable capacity retention for 50 cycles, and adequate rate capability.
A New Therapeutic Community: Development of a Compassion‐Focussed and Contextual Behavioural Environment
Authors: Veale David , Gilbert Paul , Wheatley Jon , Naismith Iona 
Published: April 2014

Social relationships and communities provide the context and impetus for a range of psychological developments, from genetic expression to the development of core self‐identities. This suggests a need to think about the therapeutic changes and processes that occur within a community context and how communities can enable therapeutic change. However, the ‘therapeutic communities’ that have developed since the Second World War have been under‐researched. We suggest that the concept of community, as a change process, should be revisited within mainstream scientific research. This paper briefly reviews the historical development of therapeutic communities and critically evaluates their current theory, practice and outcomes in a systematic review. Attention is drawn to recent research on the nature of evolved emotion regulation systems, the way these are entrained by social relationships, the importance of affiliative emotions in the regulation of threat and the role of fear of affiliative emotions in psychopathology. We draw on concepts from compassion‐focussed therapy, social learning theory and functional analytical psychotherapy to consider how members of a therapeutic community can be aware of each other's acts of courage and respond using compassion. Living in structured and affiliative‐orientated communities that are guided by scientific models of affect and self‐regulation offers potential therapeutic advantages over individual outpatient therapy for certain client groups. This conclusion should be investigated further. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message
Current therapeutic community practice is not sufficiently evidence based and may not be maximizing the potential therapeutic value of a community.
Compassion‐focussed therapy and social learning theory offer new approaches for a therapeutic environment, involving an understanding of the role, nature and complexities of compassionate and affiliative relationships from staff and members, behavioural change guided by learning theory, a clear formulation based on threat‐derived safety strategies, goal setting and positive reinforcement.
Photocatalysis with Chromium‐Doped TiO2: Bulk and Surface Doping
Authors: Ould‐Chikh Samy , Proux Olivier , Afanasiev Pavel , Khrouz Lhoussain , Hedhili Mohamed N. , Anjum Dalaver H. , Harb Moussab , Geantet Christophe , Basset Jean‐Marie , Puzenat Eric 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe photocatalytic properties of TiO2 modified by chromium are usually found to depend strongly on the preparation method. To clarify this problem, two series of chromium‐doped titania with a chromium content of up to 1.56 wt % have been prepared under hydrothermal conditions: the first series (Cr:TiO2) is intended to dope the bulk of TiO2, whereas the second series (Cr/TiO2) is intended to load the surface of TiO2 with Cr. The catalytic properties have been compared in the photocatalytic oxidation of formic acid. Characterization data provides evidence that in the Cr/TiO2 catalysts chromium is located on the surface of TiO2 as amorphous CrOOH clusters. In contrast, in the Cr:TiO2 series, chromium is mostly dissolved in the titania lattice, although a minor part is still present on the surface. Photocatalytic tests show that both series of chromium‐doped titania demonstrate visible‐light‐driven photo‐oxidation activity. Surface‐doped Cr/TiO2 solids appear to be more efficient photocatalysts than the bulk‐doped Cr:TiO2 counterparts.
Synthesis of New Thiobarbituric Acid Derived Spiroheterobicyclic Compounds and Their Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Kaur Gurpreet , Gupta Parul , Harjai Kusum , Singh Vasundhara 
Published: April 2014

Abstract

Preclinical Research

A series pf novel (7S, 11R)—substituted diphenyl‐2,4,8,10‐tetraazaspiro [5.5] undecane‐3‐thio‐1,5,9‐triones 4a‐j and (7S,11R)‐substituted diphenyl‐2,4,8,10‐tetraazaspiro[5.5] undecane‐3‐thio‐1,5 dione, 9‐thiones 5a‐j were prepared using substituted aldehydes and urea/thiourea in the presence of thiobarbituric acid under solvent free, thermal and microwave conditions catalyzed by ecofriendly K‐10 clay. The antibacterial potency of these compounds in vitro on the gram negative strains Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and gram positive strains Staphyllococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis was evaluated.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Suzuki Cross‐Coupling of Phenylhydrazine or (Phenylsulfonyl)hydrazine
Authors: Li Yahui , Liu Wei , Tian Qingshan , Yang Qing , Kuang Chunxiang 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe palladium‐catalyzed Suzuki cross‐coupling of phenylhydrazine or (phenylsulfonyl)hydrazine was developed for the preparation of biaryl compound in high yields. Moreover, these hydrazines were also used in other cross‐coupling reactions, and a possible pathway of this reaction was examined.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of (E)‐(2‐Arylvinyl)boronates through an Isomerization/Cross‐Metathesis Sequence from Allyl‐Substituted Aromatics
Authors: Hemelaere Rémy , Caijo Frédéric , Mauduit Marc , Carreaux François , Carboni Bertrand 
Published: April 2014

AbstractWe described the efficient preparation of (E)‐(2‐arylvinyl)boronates from allylbenzene derivatives on the basis of an isomerization/cross‐metathesis sequence catalyzed by a modified Hoveyda–Grubbs catalyst. The implementation of the experimental procedure was simple and compatible with a large variety of substrates. This methodology provides a new chemical transformation not described to date. Allyl‐substituted aromatics can thus be converted into diversely functionalized compounds, such as (E)‐stilbene derivatives or (E)‐vinyl azides, in only two steps.
Synthesis and Characterization of Flexible Hydrogel Electrodes for Electrochemical Impedance Measurements of Protective Coatings on Metal Sculptures
Authors: England Alice H. , Clare Tami Lasseter 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA novel conductive anionic hydrogel was synthesized for use as a solid electrolyte for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) characterization of the barrier properties of protective coatings on outdoor metalworks, such as bronze sculptures. The AMPS‐co‐PAA hydrogel was soaked in a variety of aqueous salt solutions and characterized by swelling capacity and conductivity in order to determine the most appropriate gel/liquid electrolyte combination for use on culturally significant objects. K2PIPES‐equilibrated hydrogels were selected as the preferred electrodes for this particular application and were used to measure the impedance of a coated substrate, yielding spectra similar to those from standard liquid cells.
Behavior of Palladium Nanoparticles in the Absence or Presence of Cobalt Tetraaminophthalocyanine for the Electrooxidation of Hydrazine
Authors: Maringa Audacity , Nyokong Tebello 
Published: April 2014

AbstractWe report on the electrodeposition of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and onto a poly‐CoTAPc‐GCE (CoTAPc=cobalt tetraamino phthalocyanine) surface. The electrodes are denoted as PdNPs‐GCE and PdNPs/poly‐CoTAPc‐GCE, respectively. PdNPs/poly‐CoTAPc‐GCE showed the best activity for the oxidation of hydrazine at the lowest potential of −0.28 V and with the highest currents. The results were further supported by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) which showed that there was less resistance to charge transfer for PdNPs/poly‐CoTAPc‐GCE compared to PdNPs‐GCE. The catalytic rate constant for hydrazine oxidation was 6.12×108 cm3 mol−1 s−1 using PdNPs/poly‐CoTAPc‐GCE.
Comparative Analysis of Cellular Prion Detection by Mass‐Sensitive Immunosensors
Authors: Poturnayova A. , Snejdarkova M. , Babelova L. , Korri‐Youssoufi H. , Hianik T. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractWe performed a comparative study of the detection of human cellular prions (PrPC) with a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) immunosensor using various antibodies against PrPC. The sensing layer was formed by immobilized antibodies on a surface of polyamidoamine dendrimers (PAMAM) of fourth generation (G4) with attached protein A. The sensitivity of detection depended on the kind of antibody used and the best detection limit was 0.8 nM. PrPC detection in 10 times diluted blood plasma revealed more complicated behavior of motional resistance, which is evidence on viscosity contribution. The sensor recovery was 82.2 %, suggesting certain matrix effects on prion detection.
Electrochemical Oxidation of Sulfasalazine at a Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Buoro Rafael M. , Diculescu Victor C. , Lopes Ilanna C. , Serrano Silvia H. P. , Oliveira‐Brett Ana Maria 
Published: April 2014

AbstractSulfasalazine (SSZ) is a pharmaceutical compound used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The electrochemical oxidation of SSZ at a glassy carbon electrode was studied by cyclic, differential pulse and square wave voltammetry in a wide pH range. For electrolytes with pH<11.0, the oxidation is an irreversible, diffusion‐control, pH‐dependent process that involves the transfer of one electron and one proton from the hydroxyl group of the salicylic moiety. For pH>11.0 the oxidation is pH‐independent, and a pKa≈11 was determined. The formation of a quinone‐like oxidation product that undergoes two electrons and two protons reversible redox reaction was observed. Also, UV‐vis spectra of SSZ were recorded as a function of supporting electrolytes pH. An electrochemical oxidation mechanism was proposed.
Development of TiO2 and Au Nanocomposite Electrode as CEA Immunosensor Transducer
Authors: Aslan Sema , Anik Ülkü 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA carbon paste electrode (CPE) was modified by titanium(IV) oxide microparticles and then gold nanoparticles were dispersed in chitosan and immobilized on the CPE surface. As result a nanostructure modified composite electrode was obtained. Carcinoembriyonic antigen (CEA) was chosen as model analyte and the developed electrode was used as CEA immunosensor transducer for the first time. Two linear ranges of 0.01–1 ng/mL and 1–20 ng/mL with corresponding correlation coefficients R2=0.986 and R2=0.990, were found respectively. The limit of detection of the developed immunosensor was calculated as 0.01 ng/mL with 2.8 % relative standard deviation (n=5). The developed system was applied for CEA detection in synthetically prepared serum sample and very promising recovery values were obtained.