bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial assessment of predator–prey relationships in the North Sea: the influence of abiotic habitat properties on the spatial overlap between 0‐group cod and grey gurnard
Authors: Kempf Alexander , Stelzenmüller V. , Akimova A. , Floeter J. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe understanding of spatio‐temporal dynamics of marine ecosystems is crucial for ecosystem‐based fisheries management and climate change impact assessments. We quantified temporal changes in the distribution of 0‐group cod (Gadus morhua) and grey gurnard (Eutriglia gurnardus), a primary predator of 0‐group cod, with the help of regression kriging and assessed the temporal dynamics of the related spatial predator–prey overlap of these two species at different spatial scales. We analysed the robustness of relationships among abiotic habitat properties (temperature, salinity and depth) and abundance. Small cod was mainly found in low salinity areas of the Skagerrak but larger year classes were able to expand their distribution area towards the central and northern North Sea. In contrast, grey gurnard was mainly found in waters with salinities above 33 and temperatures above 14°C. This species has expanded its high density areas in the central North Sea northward over the last two decades. Recruitment success of cod was negatively correlated to a Moran's I cross‐correlation index, a proxy for the degree of spatial overlap between both species. Strong cod year classes overlapped less with grey gurnard at the large and medium spatial scale. In general, the relationships between abiotic habitat properties and abundance showed an increased inter‐annual variability, which was likely caused by underlying factors not taken into account in the distribution models. Thus assemblage modeling approaches combining the strength of different model types should be considered in the future to predict potential distribution patterns under climate change scenarios.
The Employment Effect of Industry- Specific, Collectively Bargained Minimum Wages
Authors: Frings Hanna 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis study estimates the employment effects of industry-specific, collectively bargained minimum wages in Germany for two occupations associated with the construction sector. I propose a truly exogenous control group in contrast to the control group design used in the literature. Further, a difference-in-differences-in-differences estimator is presented as a robustness test for occupation-specific and/or industry-specific, time-varying, unobserved heterogeneity. I do not find a significantly negative employment effect, even though the minimum wage is binding in (East) Germany. Possible explanations include substitution effects, non-compliance and models of monopsonic competition.
Interleukin‐2 gene polymorphism inTurkish patients withBehçet's disease and its association with ocular involvement
Authors: Yücel A. , Dilek K. , Saba D. , Özçimen A. A. , Yurtkuran M. , Oral H. B. 
Published: January 2013

SummaryBehçet's disease (BD) is a chronic immune‐mediated systemic disease, characterized by oral and genital lesions and ocular inflammation. Several cytokine genes may play crucial roles in host susceptibility toBD, because the cytokine production capacity varies among individuals and depends on the cytokine gene polymorphisms. The association of the interleukin (IL)‐2 gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility toBDwas investigated in this study.DNAsamples were obtained from a Turkish population of 97 patients withBDand 76 healthy control subjects. Polymorphisms ofIL‐2 gene at position −330 and +166 were determined using the polymerase chain reaction with sequence‐specific primers. In the patients withBD, there was a significantly increased frequency ofIL‐2 −330GTgenotype. Interestingly, we demonstrated that the frequencies ofIL‐2 −330GTandIL‐2 + 166GGgenotypes were increased inBDpatients with ocular involvement, whilstIL‐2 −330TTgenotype was significantly decreased. Also, analysis of allele frequency demonstrated that the presence of G allele at position +166 ofIL‐2 seems to be a risk factor for ocular involvement. These results reveal thatIL‐2 −330GTgenotype may be a susceptibility factor forBD, whereasIL‐2 −330TTgenotype seems to display a protective association withBD. Additionally,IL‐2 gene polymorphisms might be associated with ocular involvement inBD.
Efficacy of topical calcineurin inhibitors in vitiligo
Authors: Wong Russell , Lin Andrew N. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractTopical tacrolimus and pimecrolimus are indicated for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, but they have been studied in many off‐label uses. We reviewed the English language literature to define their roles in treatment of vitiligo. Double‐blind studies show that tacrolimus 0.1% ointment combined with excimer laser is superior to placebo, especially for UV resistant areas, such as bony prominences of the extremities. When used alone, tacrolimus 0.1% ointment is almost as effective as clobetasol propionate 0.05% ointment. Other studies suggest it can also be effective for facial lesions. Double blind studies show that pimecrolimus 1% cream combined with narrow band UVB is superior to placebo, especially for facial lesions. Additional studies would further clarify the role of topical calcineurin inhibitors in vitiligo.
Clinical‐epidemiological features of contact dermatitis in rural and urban communities in northern Ethiopia: correlation with environmental or occupational exposure
Authors: Morrone Aldo , Bordignon Valentina , Barnabas Gebre Ab , Dassoni Federica , Latini Ottavio , Padovese Valeska , Ensoli Fabrizio , Cristaudo Antonio 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe widespread diffusion of low‐quality products as well as the local cultural habits could be a relevant cause of allergic diseases in developing countries. In the present observational study, we explored the prevalence of allergic contact dermatitis in both rural and urban settings in northern Ethiopia, where skin diseases represent a frequent cause of morbidity. Clinical features and specific reactivities in association with environmental or occupational exposure were investigated.Patients and methodsWe patch tested 480 consecutive patients, visited at the Mekele IDC, exhibiting symptoms of contact dermatitis. A detailed medical history of each patient was collected.ResultsA positive patch‐test response was observed in 50% of subjects; nickel was the most frequent sensitizer (26.2%), followed by p‐tert‐butylphenol formaldehyde resin (10%), fragrance mix (7.1%), potassium dichromate (5.4%), cobalt chloride (4.6%), disperse blue (2.3%), and p‐phenylenediamine (1.7%). Gender‐related differences were analyzed for single allergen. Eczema represented the most common manifestation, affecting the head and neck as primary skin areas. While reactivity to nickel interested almost all the occupational categories, sensitization to other allergens could be ascribed to working habits or environmental exposure.ConclusionsThe results gathered from this study, the first one conducted within the Tigray region in Ethiopia, confirm the need to take appropriate measures to limit the nickel rate in metal objects and may be useful to design allergenic series suitable for patch testing in those geographical settings.
Ecstasy (3, 4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine) use among Japanese rave population
Authors: Shimane Takuya , Hidaka Yasuharu , Wada Kiyoshi , Funada Masahiko 
Published: January 2013

AimsThe aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of 3, 4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) use and to identify characteristics of MDMA users among rave attendees in Japan. This is the first rave‐population study focusing on MDMA use in Japan.MethodsThe anonymous self‐administrative questionnaire was conducted using laptop computers at four rave parties at three different venues in Tokyo, Japan. Participants were asked about lifetime use of MDMA and other club drug use, characteristics of rave attendance, and their demographics.ResultsQuestionnaires were completed by 300 rave attendees (47.3% female), 68.3% of whom were aged 20–29 years, and 92.3% of whom had completed high school. Among the participants, 8.0% reported MDMA use. Compared with ‘non‐drug controls’ (the participants who had never used any illicit drugs), MDMA users were significantly more likely to be 30–39‐year‐old men. In addition, compared with ‘cannabis users’ (non‐MDMA users who had used cannabis), MDMA users were significantly more likely to use other drugs and reported more adverse health effects due to ‘polydrug use’. Furthermore, MDMA users were significantly more likely to go to raves and preferred smaller venues.ConclusionsOur results clearly suggest that rave attendees have a higher lifetime prevalence of MDMA use than the Japanese general population (0.2% reported in 2007). MDMA users are deeply involved in rave parties, and MDMA use may have high potential to generate close relationships among rave attendees. Therefore, MDMA users may have more opportunities to access MDMA than cannabis users and non‐drug controls.
Self‐efficacy, self‐esteem, and entrepreneurship among the unemployed
Authors: Laguna Mariola 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis study focuses on entrepreneurial self‐efficacy, general self‐efficacy, and global self‐esteem and on their role in the entrepreneurial process. Apart from providing evidence of the relationship between these self‐beliefs and entrepreneurial intention, it also demonstrates how they are related to actual business start‐up. Longitudinal data were obtained from 332 unemployed individuals. After 1 year, official confirmations of new firm registrations were collected. Higher levels of all 3 self‐referent beliefs were positively associated with entrepreneurial intention. Multivariate analyses showed that entrepreneurial and general self‐efficacy beliefs were important predictors of this intention. Self‐referent beliefs accounted for an additional 12% of the variance in entrepreneurial intention and for an additional 4% of the variance in actual business start‐up beyond the demographic variables.
Turning stressors into something productive: an empirical study revealing nonlinear influences of role stressors on self‐efficacy
Authors: Lindberg Erik , Wincent Joakim , Örtqvist Daniel 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis study suggests that stressors can be productive for self‐efficacy and that the influence of stressors on self‐efficacy is nonlinear. Analyses were conducted with ordinary least squares regression on a dataset covering responses from 311 deans in Swedish secondary schools. Results support the hypothesized U‐shape relationship between role conflict and self‐efficacy and the inverted U‐shape relationship between role ambiguity and self‐efficacy. Thus, findings offer evidence for nonlinear effects of stressors on the level of incumbents' self‐efficacy. This research has implications for further research focused on the association between role stressors and self‐efficacy.
Oral health and dental well‐being: testing a self‐determination theory model
Authors: Halvari Anne E. Münster , Halvari Hallgeir , Bjørnebekk Gunnar , Deci Edward L. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis study tested a self‐determination theory (SDT) process model of oral health and subjective dental well‐being. The results showed that: (1) patients' perceptions of autonomy‐supportive dental professionals were significantly positively predictive of patients' psychological needs satisfaction in treatment; (2) needs satisfaction was significantly related to perceived dental competence (positive), autonomous motivation (positive), and controlled motivation (negative) for dental care; (3) perceived competence was significantly positively, and controlled motivation was significantly negatively associated with self‐rated oral health and oral‐health‐related quality of life; (4) autonomous motivation for dental treatment was significantly positively associated with valuing continued dental treatment; and (5) the three oral‐health‐related variables were all significantly positively linked to subjective dental well‐being. A structural equation model supported the SDT process model.
Double foot‐in‐the‐door, social representations, and environment: application for energy savings
Authors: Souchet Lionel , Girandola Fabien 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis study aims to determine the most effective procedure to bring individuals to adopt pro‐environmental behaviors, specifically to make energy savings for several weeks. A link was established between two fields of research traditionally separated in social psychology literature: free will compliance and social representations theories. An experiment was carried out to test the effectiveness of several simple and double foot‐in‐the‐door procedures, activating central or peripheral cognitions of the social representation of energy savings. Basically, the results indicate that the most effective procedure is the double foot‐in‐the‐door, which activates central cognitions. Twice as many participants accepted the target request and three times as many actually performed the expected behavior with this procedure.
The de‐escalation of commitment: predecisional accountability and cognitive processes
Authors: Moser Klaus , Wolff Hans‐Georg , Kraft Alexandra 
Published: January 2013

AbstractEscalation of commitment describes the continuation of a course of action in spite of drawbacks and continuing insecurity of goal achievement. To prevent escalation and its associated costs, de‐escalation techniques are valuable. The present study investigates predecisional accountability to an unknown audience as a de‐escalation technique. In addition, the evolution of cognitive processes (reasons for persisting) during escalation is examined. As predicted, predecisional accountability has a de‐escalating effect. In addition, escalation is accompanied by an increase of nonrational reasons for continuing the respective course of action, and decision makers without accountability provide more nonrational reasons for not quitting than those who are held accountable.
Person‐centredness and its association with resident well‐being in dementia care units
Authors: Sjögren Karin , Lindkvist Marie , Sandman Per‐Olof , Zingmark Karin , Edvardsson David 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAimTo report a study of the relationship between person‐centred care and ability to perform activities of daily living, quality of life, levels of pain, depressive symptoms, and agitated behaviours among residents with dementia in residential care facilities.BackgroundStandardized measurements of person‐centred care have not previously been used to investigate the relationship between person‐centred care and well‐being for residents with dementia in residential aged care units.DesignThis study had a cross‐sectional design.MethodStaff and resident surveys were used in a sample of 1261 residents with dementia and 1169 staff from 151 residential care units throughout Sweden. Valid and reliable scales were used to measure person‐centredness and ability to perform activities of daily living, quality of life, levels of pain, depressive symptoms, and agitated behaviours in residents. All data were collected in May 2010.FindingsPerson‐centred care was correlated with residents' ability to perform activities of daily living. Furthermore, residents in units with higher levels of person‐centred care were rated as having higher quality of life and better ability to perform activities of daily living compared with residents in units with lower levels of person‐centred care.ConclusionsThere seems to be a relationship between person‐centredness, residents' ability to perform activities of daily living, and residents' quality of life. Further studies are needed to explain the variation of person‐centredness between units and the extent and ways this might impact on the quality of life and well‐being of frail older residents with cognitive impairments in clinical practice.
Patient attributions for cardiac events: predictors of physical and psychological recovery
Authors: Bennett Kymberley K. , Marte Ricardo M. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis study examined cardiac rehabilitation (CR) patients' causal attributions for their cardiac events, and used those attributions as predictors of cross‐sectional and prospective health status. Data were collected from 163 participants at the beginning and end of their CR programs. Results showed that patients' attributions can be categorized into controllable ones that are behavioral in nature, uncontrollable ones that are biological in nature, and a separate category for stress‐related causes. Findings showed that stress attributions at the beginning of CR were associated with engaging in healthy behaviors in the last month of CR, which, in turn, were positively associated with metabolic equivalence levels at the end of CR. Results imply a motivational component to believing that cardiac events are caused by stress.
Early sensory over‐responsivity in toddlers with autism spectrum disorders as a predictor of family impairment and parenting stress
Authors: Ben‐Sasson A. , Soto T. W. , Martínez‐Pedraza F. , Carter A. S. 
Published: January 2013

Background:  Sensory over‐responsivity (SOR) affects many individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), often leading to stressful encounters during daily routines.Methods:  This study describes the associations between early SOR symptoms and the longitudinal course of restrictions in family life activities and parenting stress across three time‐points in families raising a child with ASD (n = 174). Covariates were child diagnostic severity, emotional problems, and maternal affective symptoms. At time 1 mean chronological age was 28.5 months. Children were administered the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL). Parents completed the Infant Toddler Sensory Profile (ITSP), Infant‐Toddler Social Emotional Assessment (ITSEA), Beck Anxiety Index (BAI), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Inventory (CES‐D) at time 1; and the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) and Family Life Impairment Scale (FLIS) at the three annual time‐points.Results:  Latent Growth Curve Models indicated that higher SOR scores on the ITSP at time 1 were associated with higher initial levels of family life impairment and parenting stress and with a smaller magnitude of change over time. These associations were independent of severity of ADOS social‐communication symptoms, MSEL composite score, ITSEA externalizing and anxiety symptoms, and maternal affective symptoms as measured by the BAI and CES‐D. On average FLIS and PSI did not change over time, however, there was significant individual variability. Concurrently, SOR at time 1 explained 39–45% of the variance in family stress and impairment variables.Conclusions:  An evaluation of SOR should be integrated into the assessment of toddlers with ASD considering their role in family life impairment and stress.
Where Am I? A new case of developmental topographical disorientation
Authors: Bianchini Filippo , Palermo Liana , Piccardi Laura , Incoccia Chiara , Nemmi Federico , Sabatini Umberto , Guariglia Cecilia 
Published: January 2013

Recently, developmental topographical disorientation (DTD) was described (Bianchini et al., 2010, J Clin Exp Neuropsychol, 20, 807–27; Iaria & Barton, 2010, Exp Brain Res, 206, 189–96; Iaria, Bogod, Fox, & Barton, 2009, Neuropsychologia, 47, 30–40) as a navigational deficit in the absence of neurological or psychiatric disorders. Here, we reported the case of a healthy subject who presented this disorder. Dr. WAI was a 29‐year‐old right‐handed man with normal development and no clinical history of neurological or psychiatric diseases who was affected by a very pervasive topographical orientation and navigational disorder. A neuroradiological exam confirmed the absence of structural and anatomical alterations of the brain. Dr. WAI was submitted to an extensive neuropsychological examination and to a battery of tests specifically developed to assess developmental topographical disorder. Using this battery, we analysed Dr. WAI's acquisition of navigational information and re‐orientation processes. He showed severe DTD accompanied by deficits of different cognitive processes directly or indirectly involved in navigational skills. Dr. WAI showed a deficit in developing cognitive maps, already found in previous cases, plus difficulties in evaluating distances and computing metric environmental features. He represents a further confirmation of the existence of DTD suggesting dissociations within the disorder related to the level of development of the ability to build cognitive maps and the association of different imagery deficits. Dr. WAI can help in shedding some light on the mechanisms underlying lack of development of navigational skills.
Turning Agents into Psychological Principals: Aligning Interests of Non‐Owners through Psychological Ownership
Authors: Sieger Philipp , Zellweger Thomas , Aquino Karl 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPrincipals who delegate tasks to agents face the perennial challenge of overcoming agency problems. We investigate whether feelings of ownership among senior managers in the absence of formal ownership can align agents' interests with those of principals, thus turning agents into psychological principals. Using a moderated mediation model, we find that psychological ownership is positively related to company performance through the mediating effect of individual‐level entrepreneurial behaviour. We also find that the effect of psychological ownership on individual‐level entrepreneurial behaviour and, ultimately, company performance is weaker for high levels of monitoring compared to low levels. These findings offer important contributions to agency, psychological ownership, and entrepreneurship literatures.
Personality Change in the Oldest‐Old: Is It a Matter of Compromised Health and Functioning?
Authors: Berg Anne Ingeborg , Johansson Boo 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe present longitudinal study investigates continuity and change in the personality dimensions of extraversion and neuroticism among the oldest‐old. Overall disease load, self‐rated health, functional capacity, impaired vision and hearing, self‐reported cognitive impairment, and measured cognitive status were tested for their role as potentially relevant late‐life predictors of personality change. The sample consists of 408 individuals aged 80–98 in the Swedish OCTO‐Twin Study who completed the Eysenck Personality Inventory at four measurement occasions during a 6‐year period. Growth curve analyses revealed an age‐related linear decrease in extraversion and stability in neuroticism. More extraverted individuals were more educated and perceived their health and cognition as better. Notably, only hearing impairment was found to be related to a steeper age‐related decline in extraversion. A life span developmental model focusing on health‐related changes can improve our understanding of personality change in late life.