bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for desaturation after tonsillectomy
Authors: Kieran Stephen , Gorman Caroline , Kirby Alexann , Oyemwense Naomi , Lander Lina , Schwartz Margot , Roberson David 
Published: May 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo identify clinical risk factors for oxygen desaturation in the first 24 hours post‐tonsillectomy, thus permitting the identification of those patients who warrant inpatient monitoring.Study DesignA retrospective analysis of 4092 consecutive patients undergoing tonsillectomy over a two‐year period.MethodsDetailed clinical data were recorded for all patients who desaturated in the postoperative period (n = 294) and randomly selected controls (n = 368). Univariate and Multivariate analysis was performed in order to identify independent risk factors for desaturation.ResultsThere were 294/4092 patients (7.2%) who experienced desaturations (defined as sustained saturations <90%) in the first 24 hours postoperatively (mean nadir, 78.7%). Multivariate analysis identified seven independent clinical risk factors for desaturation in the initial 24 hours post‐tonsillectomy: trisomy 21, weight, coexistent cardiac disease, a coexistent syndromic diagnosis, a clinical diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a coexistent neurologic diagnosis, and a prior diagnosis of pulmonary disease. A policy that admits all patients exhibiting any one of these risk factors except OSA would have identified 92% of the patients who subsequently desaturated. However, such a policy would also have required admission of 60% of the patients in our control group.ConclusionsThese findings are generally consistent with the Clinical Practice Guidelines recently published by the American Academy of Otolaryngology. In a tertiary care center, it may not be possible to identify an algorithm that admits all children at risk of desaturation while permitting the discharge of a high percentage of patients.Level of Evidence3b. Laryngoscope, 123:2554–2560, 2013
Optical waveguides in crystalline dielectric materials produced by femtosecond‐laser micromachining
Authors: Chen Feng , de Aldana J. R. Vázquez 
Published: May 2013

AbstractFemtosecond‐laser micromachining (also known as inscription or writing) has been developed as one of the most efficient techniques for direct three‐dimensional microfabrication of transparent optical materials. In integrated photonics, by using direct writing of femtosecond/ultrafast laser pulses, optical waveguides can be produced in a wide variety of optical materials. With diverse parameters, the formed waveguides may possess different configurations. This paper focuses on crystalline dielectric materials, and is a review of the state‐of‐the‐art in the fabrication, characterization and applications of femtosecond‐laser micromachined waveguiding structures in optical crystals and ceramics. A brief outlook is presented by focusing on a few potential spotlights.
Control of Molecular Weight and Tacticity in Stereospecific Living Cationic Polymerization of α‐Methylstyrene at 0 °C Using FeCl3‐Based Initiators: Effect of Tacticity on Thermal Properties
Authors: Banerjee Sanjib , Paira Tapas K. , Mandal Tarun K. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe successful stereospecific living cationic polymerization of α‐methylstyrene (α‐MeSt) using FeCl3‐based initiator systems at 0 °C is reported. Linear first‐order ln([M]0/[M]) vs. time and linear molecular weight vs. conversion plots suggest that the polymerization is living in nature, which is further confirmed from successful chain‐extension experiments. Poly(α‐methylstyrene)s of varying syndiotacticities (59.1% to 79.2%) and controllable molecular weights (4300–32 100 g mol−1) with moderately narrow polydispersity indices (PDIs ≈1.3) are synthesized simply by varying the monomer‐to‐initiator ratio ([M]0/[I]0). A possible mechanism for this stereospecific polymerization is proposed. The glass‐transition temperature and thermal‐decomposition temperature depend on the syndiotacticity of poly(α‐methylstyrene).magnified image
Common FSNP variants of fourteen Bardet‐Biedl syndrome genes and adult body mass
Authors: Birk Ruth Z. , Ermakov Sergey , Livshits Gregory 
Published: May 2013

ObjectiveBardet‐Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare monogenic multi‐systemic disorder manifesting with marked obesity. Fourteen BBS genes have been identified to date and additional loci are expected. Mutations of several BBS genes were shown to affect fat cell differentiation. The purpose was to Investigate the association between common polymorphisms in all 14 genes as a group and body weight.Design and MethodsWe investigated association between tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tSNPs) located between 10 kb upstream and downstream from the transcribed sequences of each of 14 BBS genes, and body weight and fat in 2462 adult women from the UK Twins study. Significant results were further tested in a confirmation sample of 2003 women from the same cohort and additionally in the GIANT consortium population (n = 123,865).Results105 SNPs in 14 BBS genes were selected and tested in the first cohort of women for association with the body weight and fat related phenotypes, i.e. weight, body mass index (BMI), total body fat (assessed by DEXA), total fat/height2, and total fat/weight. We used principal component (PC) derived using the latter five traits as a primary phenotype for this study. Of the 105 SNPs, 3 variants in BBS9 and BBS11 showed evidence of nominally significant association with elevated body weight and fat. However, none of the associations survived multiple‐testing correction.ConclusionsThe results suggest that common variation in 14 BBS genes (within or adjacent to the genes) are unlikely to have a substantial effect on body weight and fat in the European population.
Access to nonisocyanate poly(thio)urethanes: A comparative study
Authors: Besse Vincent , Foyer Gabriel , Auvergne Rémi , Caillol Sylvain , Boutevin Bernard 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTThis article describes the synthesis of new cyclic compounds able to react with amines to get nonisocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs). The contribution of the most studied five‐membered cyclic carbonate was compared to five‐membered cyclic dithiocarbonate analogous and to a six‐membered cyclic carbonate. Difunctional reactive species were obtained by a simple substitution reaction or an efficient thiol–ene coupling reaction. The products, obtained with high yields, were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and Fourier tansform infrared spectroscopy analysis. The dicyclocarbonates were then used to synthesize NIPUs by step growth polymerization with several diamines. These materials exhibited glass transition temperatures from 19 to −29 °C, molar mass from 1800 to 20,400 g mol−1, and a 20% mass loss temperature (Td = 20%) between 249 and 296 °C. Such materials are interesting candidates for coating applications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 3284–3296
A new insight into the mechanism of 1,3‐dienes cationic polymerization. II. Structure of poly(1,3‐pentadiene) synthesized with tBuCl/TiCl4 initiating system
Authors: Rozentsvet Victor A. , Korovina Nelly A. , Ivanova Valentina P. , Kuznetsova Marianna G. , Kostjuk Sergei V. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTThe microstructure of poly(1,3‐pentadiene) synthesized by cationic polymerization of 1,3‐pentadiene with tBuCl/TiCl4 initiating system is analyzed using one‐dimensional‐ and two‐dimensional‐NMR spectroscopy. It is shown that unsaturated part of chain contains only homo and mixed dyads with trans−1,4‐, trans−1,2‐, and cis−1,2‐structures with regular and inverse (head‐to‐head or tail‐to‐tail) enchainment, whereas cis−1,4‐ and 3,4‐units are totally absent. The new quantitative method for the calculation of content of different structural units in poly(1,3‐pentadiene)s based on the comparison of methyl region of 13C NMR spectra of original and hydrogenated polymer is proposed. The signals of tert‐butyl head and chloromethyl end groups are identified in a structure of poly(1,3‐pentadiene) chain and the new approaches for the quantitative calculation of number‐average functionality at the α‐ and ω‐end are proposed. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 3297–3307
A Homogeneous Surface Inactivation Device Driven by a Pulse High‐Voltage Source
Authors: Song Ying , Wang Wenchun , Lu Qianqian , Yang Dezheng , Niu Jinhai , Liu Dongping 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA surface discharge device composed of microns‐thick hollow quartz fibers is used to inactivate resistant fungi cells. The homogeneous cold plasmas are generated by using a pulse high‐voltage source with the repetition frequency of 150 Hz at atmospheric‐pressure. Increasing pulse voltage slightly from 26 to 34 kV leads to an obvious improvement in the inactivation efficiency of fungi cells. The atmospheric‐pressure air plasma generated at the pulse voltage of 34 kV is found to kill the fungi cells as much as 99% within a treatment time of 5 min. The inactivation efficiency is systematically investigated as a function of the processing depth of surface plasma. Various measurements indicate that plasma activated derivatives, such as OH, O, O3, and charged species play a key role in this plasma inactivation process.
A data mining system for distributed abnormal event detection in backbone networks
Authors: Zhou Yingjie , Hu Guangmin , Wu Dapeng 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTDetecting distributed abnormal events has become an increasingly significant task for efficient network management and operation. However, it is still challenging to uncover these distributed behaviors in backbone networks because of the voluminous amount of noisy, high‐dimensional traffic data. In this paper, we present a novel system for detecting distributed abnormal events in backbone networks. The proposed system emphasizes on detecting distributed correlated abnormal events, which are caused by the same reason. In contrast, existing methods are not able to distinguish correlated abnormal events from the independent abnormal events. In our proposed system, a set of data mining techniques is used for modeling and detecting distributed correlated abnormal events by analyzing the traffic features. Specifically, traffic behavior representation is constructed to define and select traffic features for describing the traffic behaviors of interest, feature clustering is performed to group together similar transformations in each feature, behavioral data mining is employed to discover the most significant patterns in network interactions with respect to typical behavior, and behavior classification is used to expose the behaviors of interest. Experiment results using real traffic data present the effectiveness of our proposed methods for detecting distributed correlated abnormal events in the backbone network. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhanced Photocatalytic Performances of CeO2/TiO2 Nanobelt Heterostructures
Authors: Tian Jian , Sang Yuanhua , Zhao Zhenhuan , Zhou Weijia , Wang Dongzhou , Kang Xueliang , Liu Hong , Wang Jiyang , Chen Shaowei , Cai Huaqiang , Huang Hui 
Published: May 2013

AbstractCeO2/TiO2 nanobelt heterostructures are synthesized via a cost‐effective hydrothermal method. The as‐prepared nanocomposites consist of CeO2 nanoparticles assembled on the rough surface of TiO2 nanobelts. In comparison with P25 TiO2 colloids, surface‐coarsened TiO2 nanobelts, and CeO2 nanoparticles, the CeO2/TiO2 nanobelt heterostructures exhibit a markedly enhanced photocatalytic activity in the degradation of organic pollutants such as methyl orange (MO) under either UV or visible light irradiation. The enhanced photocatalytic performance is attributed to a novel capture–photodegradation–release mechanism. During the photocatalytic process, MO molecules are captured by CeO2 nanoparticles, degraded by photogenerated free radicals, and then released to the solution. With its high degradation efficiency, broad active light wavelength, and good stability, the CeO2/TiO2 nanobelt heterostructures represent a new effective photocatalyst that is low‐cost, recyclable, and will have wide application in photodegradation of various organic pollutants. The new capture–photodegradation–release mechanism for improved photocatalysis properties is of importance in the rational design and synthesis of new photocatalysts.
Uptake Kinetics and Nanotoxicity of Silica Nanoparticles Are Cell Type Dependent
Authors: Blechinger Julia , Bauer Alexander T. , Torrano Adriano A. , Gorzelanny Christian , Bräuchle Christoph , Schneider Stefan W. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIn this study, it is shown that the cytotoxic response of cells as well as the uptake kinetics of nanoparticles (NPs) is cell type dependent. We use silica NPs with a diameter of 310 nm labeled with perylene dye and 304 nm unlabeled particles to evaluate cell type‐dependent uptake and cytotoxicity on human vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) and cancer cells derived from the cervix carcinoma (HeLa). Besides their size, the particles are characterized concerning homogeneity of the labeling and their zeta potential. The cellular uptake of the labeled NPs is quantified by imaging the cells via confocal microscopy in a time‐dependent manner, with subsequent image analysis via a custom‐made and freely available digital method, Particle_in_Cell‐3D. We find that within the first 4 h of interaction, the uptake of silica NPs into the cytoplasm is up to 10 times more efficient in HUVEC than in HeLa cells. Interestingly, after 10 or 24 h of interaction, the number of intracellular particles for HeLa cells by far surpasses the one for HUVEC. Inhibitor studies show that these endothelial cells internalize 310 nm SiO2 NPs via the clathrin‐dependent pathway. Remarkably, the differences in the amount of taken up NPs are not directly reflected by the metabolic activity and membrane integrity of the individual cell types. Interaction with NPs leads to a concentration‐dependent decrease in mitochondrial activity and an increase in membrane leakage for HUVEC, whereas HeLa cells show only a reduced mitochondrial activity and no membrane leakage. In addition, silica NPs lead to HUVEC cell death while HeLa cells survive. These findings indicate that HUVEC are more sensitive than HeLa cells upon silica NP exposure.
Process communication in medical software development
Authors: Polgár Péter Balázs , Kazinci Ferenc 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper describes a case study on using the Eclipse Process Framework in a medical software development organization to consolidate existing process descriptions. Although on nonmedical fields the Eclipse Process Framework was successfully used for process modeling and aiding process improvement efforts, the complex nature of the regulatory and process standard requirements on the medical software field needs special attention. In this environment, compliance to the regulatory is more important than improvement, so the process modeling has to implement these requirements in a very strict way, while supporting the business goals of the organization and enabling the improvement of the processes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
KIT Receptor Gain-of-Function in Hematopoiesis Enhances Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Promotes Progenitor Cell Expansion
Authors: Deshpande Shayu , Bosbach Benedikt , Yozgat Yasemin , Park Christopher Y. , Moore Malcolm A.S. , Besmer Peter 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The KIT receptor tyrosine kinase has important roles in hematopoiesis. We have recently produced a mouse model for imatinib resistant gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) carrying the KitV558Δ and KitT669I (human KITT670I) mutations found in imatinib-resistant GIST. The KitV558Δ;T669I/+ mice developed microcytic erythrocytosis with an increase in erythroid progenitor numbers, a phenotype previously seen only in mouse models of polycythemia vera with alterations in Epo or Jak2. Significantly, the increased hematocrit observed in KitV558Δ;T669I/+ mice normalized upon splenectomy. In accordance with increased erythroid progenitors, myeloerythroid progenitor numbers were also elevated in the KitV558Δ;T669I/+ mice. Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) numbers in the bone marrow (BM) of KitV558Δ;T669I/+ mice were unchanged in comparison to wild-type mice. However, increased HSC numbers were observed in fetal livers and the spleen and peripheral blood of adult KitV558Δ;T669I/+ mice. Importantly, HSC from KitV558Δ;T669I/+ BM had a competitive advantage over wild-type HSC. In response to 5-fluorouracil treatment, elevated numbers of dividing Lin−Sca+ cells were found in the KitV558Δ;T669I/+ BM compared to wild type. Our study demonstrates that signaling from the KitV558Δ;T669I/+ receptor has important consequences in hematopoiesis enhancing HSC self-renewal and resulting in increased erythropoiesis.
121‐story Shanghai Center Tower foundation re‐analysis using a compensated pile foundation theory
Authors: Tang Yongjing , Zhao Xihong 
Published: May 2013

SUMMARYThis paper attempts to re‐analyze the piled raft foundation in the Shanghai Center Tower as a fully compensated foundation using a hybrid method of superstructure–foundation interaction and other methods. Some cases were used to the applicability of the methods. The deformation analysis is divided into four parts: (a) Part 1: heave due to the weight of the excavated soil, (b) Part 2 : recompression due to the dead load of the structure, (c) Part 3 : recompression due to the live load of the structure and (d) Part 4 : settlement due to the constant load. Load acting on the top of the pile group and load sharing between the raft and the piles are also considered. The results are also compared in detail with the measured ones. In addition, research based on earth pressure theory was conducted to determine how to reduce or control the overturning moment caused by wind. Finally, this paper suggests that the Shanghai Center Tower, which is currently under construction, can have more than 121 stories by improving the design, which will also result in great investment savings. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular techniques for identifying intraguild predators of fishers and other North American small carnivores
Authors: Wengert Greta M. , Gabriel Mourad W. , Foley Janet E. , Kun Teri , Sacks Benjamin N. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIdentifying predators of threatened and endangered species is important for understanding and reducing the impacts of predation. Visible evidence collected from a carcass alone is often insufficient to accurately identify predator species. The DNA from the predator left on the carcass allows for a definitive identification of predator species associated with the carcass, but DNA can be difficult to isolate independently from the prey. We developed field collection and molecular protocols for amplifying canid and felid predator DNA from saliva on fisher (Martes pennanti) carcasses without amplifying fisher DNA itself. We tested the protocol on fisher carcasses suspected of having been killed by a bobcat (Lynx rufus), mountain lion (Puma concolor), coyote (Canis latrans), and domestic dog. We successfully amplified and sequenced DNA from these 4 predator species, confirming predation by them on fishers. We confirmed that these protocols could also identify other felid and canid predators of several other small North American carnivores. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Monitoring Cu2+‐Binding to a DNA‐Clip‐phen Conjugate and Metal‐centered Redox Processes by a Fluorescent Reporter Group
Authors: Sprödefeld Arndt , Kiel Alexander , Herten Dirk‐Peter , Krämer Roland 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA DNA conjugate of the bis‐1,10‐phenanthroline ligand Clip‐phen was prepared and combined with a complementary, fluorescent reporter labeled DNA strand. In the resulting ds‐DNA, the fluorescent reporter signals both the binding of Cu2+ ions to the Clip‐phen moiety and the reduction to Cu+ by a change in fluorescence intensity. In preliminary single molecule fluorescence investigations, these processes appear to be observable on the level of individual molecules by single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy, but further validation and optimisation of the system is needed.
Successful Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma for Chronic Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: O'Malley Martin J. , Vosseller J. Turner , Gu Yang 
Published: May 2013

Background There are limited data on the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for treating chronic plantar fasciitis. Questions/Purposes The purpose of this study was to document the clinical outcomes of patients who were treated with PRP injections for plantar fasciitis to determine the degree to which injections were able to decrease the visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores and improve patient reported functional scores. Methods This was a retrospective review of 23 consecutive patients treated with PRP for chronic plantar fasciitis (symptoms lasting over 6 months). Patients returned after 4 weeks for a postinjection follow-up. A second injection was given if significant improvement was not obtained by that time. Postinjection foot and ankle outcome scores (FAOS), 12-item short form health survey (SF-12), and VAS scores were collected at a minimum of 6 months follow-up. Results Thirty injections were given in 23 patients, with one patient lost to follow-up. The mean VAS score improved from 7 to 4. The pain, symptoms, and quality of life subscales of the FAOS and SF-12 significantly improved from preinjection scores. Five patients went on to have endoscopic release of the plantar fascia at an average of 94 days after the last injection (range, 22–314 days). Six patients obtained full resolution of symptoms while the majority of patients were able to forgo surgery due to improvement from the PRP injection. Conclusion These results provide preliminary information on the safety and efficiency of PRP injection as treatment for chronic plantar fasciitis.
Prevalence of developmental dysplasia of the hip in preterm infants with maternal risk factors
Authors: Sezer Cenk , Unlu Serhan , Demirkale Ismail , Altay Murat , Kapicioglu Safa , Bozkurt Murat 
Published: May 2013

Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in preterm infants with maternal risk factors. Methods A prospective review of the medical records and ultrasound (US) scans of all preterm infants at one tertiary-care children's hospital was completed to identify all premature infants without any infantile risk factors at a particular time frame. We consecutively evaluated 421 babies (842 hips) who satisfied the criteria for inclusion. Hip US images were classified according to Graf. Results Overall, one hip was diagnosed as DDH (Graf type 2c). Female infants had significantly lower alpha angles (70.2 ± 6.6 and 71.4 ± 4.4 for females and males, respectively) ( P = 0.033). There was no correlation between oligohydramnios and alpha and beta angles and hip sides ( P = 0.345 and P = 0.789 for left and right hips, respectively). US examination of the infants revealed no differences between the alpha and beta angles of the hips and birth weight and age at gestation. Although it was statistically not significant, US evaluation of left hips among singletons demonstrated one immature hip ( P = 0.864) and that of right hips demonstrated one immature hip for both singletons and twins ( P = 0.904). Conclusions Prematurity with or without maternal risk factors does not have an effect on DDH.