bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Théâtre du Marais in 1644: A New Look at the Old Evidence Concerning France's Second Public Theatre
Authors: Golder John 
Published: February 2013

The history of the Théâtre du Marais is linked indissolubly with the name of Mme S. Wilma Deierkauf-Holsboer, the Dutch theatre historian whose archival researches brought to light some thirty years ago such a wealth of unsuspected new documentation about the theatre itself, the actors who worked there and the plays they presented. In 1954, in the first of her two-volume Théâtre du Marais, she published the central document for any understanding of the theatre's physical disposition in the early part of its life: the mémoire de ce qu'il faut faire au jeu de paume des Marais, a carpenters' contract which describes the reconstruction work to be carried out after the theatre had been destroyed by fire in January 1644. Historians were quick to pay tribute, not only to the thoroughness of Deierkauf-Holsboer's research, but also to the validity of her interpretation of the new evidence. In 1957 the late Tom Lawrenson established what soon became the general attitude:The indefatigable researches of Mme Deierkauf-Holsboer have finally dragged this house, after centuries of neglect, into the light of day. We now have a very good idea of the aspect it must have presented after its rebuilding … in October 1644. We can do no better than to give the main details of her interpretation of her discovery, Mémoire de ce qu'il faut faire.…
Business as usual: interest group access and representation across policy-making venues
Authors: Boehmke Frederick J. , Gailmard Sean , Patty John W. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe provide the first comprehensive study of lobbying across venues by studying interest group registrations in both the legislative and administrative branches. We present four major findings based on Federal and state data. Firstly, groups engage in substantial administrative lobbying relative to legislative lobbying. Secondly, the vast majority of groups lobby the legislature, but a large proportion of groups also lobby the bureaucracy. Thirdly, representational biases in legislative lobbying are replicated across venues: business groups dominate administrative lobbying at least as much as they do legislative lobbying. Finally, the level of interest group activity in one venue for a given policy area is strongly related to its level in the other venue. The findings potentially have important implications for the impact of institutional design on both the form and promotion of broad participation in policy-making as well as the ultimate content of policies chosen by democratic governments, broadly construed.
Newspaper attention and policy activities in Spain
Authors: Bonafont Laura Chaqués , Baumgartner Frank R. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractSpain's newspapers are characterised by strong partisan identities. We demonstrate that the two leading newspapers nonetheless show powerful similarities in the topics of their coverage over time. The media system is strongly related to the policy process and it shows similar levels of skew (attention focuses on just a few topics) and friction (attention lurches rapidly from topic to topic) as others have shown for policy processes more generally. Further, media attention is significantly related to parliamentary activities. Oral questions in parliament track closely with media attention over time. Our assessment is based on a comprehensive database of all front-page stories (over 95,000 stories) inEl PaísandEl Mundo, Spain's largest daily newspapers, and all 7,446 oral questions from 1996 to 2009. The paper shows that explanations of friction and skew in governmental activities should incorporate media dynamics as well. Political leaders are clearly sensitive to media salience.
Relationship between burden of infection in ungulate populations and wildlife/livestock interfaces
Authors: CARON A. , MIGUEL E. , GOMO C. , MAKAYA P. , PFUKENYI D. M. , FOGGIN C. , HOVE T. , de GARINE-WICHATITSKY M. 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYIn southern African transfrontier conservation areas (TFCAs), people, livestock and wildlife share space and resources in semi-arid landscapes. One consequence of the coexistence of wild and domestic herbivores is the risk of pathogen transmission. This risk threatens local livelihoods relying on animal production, public health in the case of zoonoses, national economies in the context of transboundary animal diseases, and the success of integrated conservation and development initiatives. The level of interaction between sympatric wild and domestic hosts, defining different wildlife/livestock interfaces, characterizes opportunities of pathogen transmission between host populations. Exploring the relationship between infection burden and different types of wildlife/domestic interfaces is therefore necessary to manage the sanitary risk in animal populations through control options adapted to these multi-host systems. Here, we assessed the infection burdens of sympatric domestic cattle (Bos taurus/Bos indicus) and African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) at an unfenced interface and compared the infection burdens of cattle populations at different wildlife/livestock interfaces in the Great Limpopo TFCA. Patterns of infection in ungulate populations varied between wild and domestic hosts and between cattle populations at different wildlife/livestock interfaces. Foot-and-mouth disease, Rift Valley fever and theileriosis infections were detected in buffalo and cattle at unfenced interfaces; bovine tuberculosis was only present in buffalo; and brucellosis and lumpy skin disease only in cattle. At unfenced interfaces, cattle populations presented significantly higher Theileria parva and brucellosis prevalence. We hypothesize that cattle populations at wildlife/livestock interfaces face an increased risk of infection compared to those isolated from wildlife, and that the type of interface could influence the diversity and quantity of pathogens shared. Additional host behavioural and molecular epidemiological studies need to be conducted to support this hypothesis. If it is confirmed, the management of wildlife/livestock interfaces will need to be considered through the prism of livestock and public health.
Retrieving implicit positive meaning from negated statements
Authors: BLANCO EDUARDO , MOLDOVAN DAN 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis paper introduces a model for capturing the meaning of negated statements by identifying the negated concepts and revealing the implicit positive meanings. A negated sentence may be represented logically in different ways depending on what is the scope and focus of negation. The novel approach introduced here identifies the focus of negation and thus eliminates erroneous interpretations. Furthermore, negation is incorporated into a framework for composing semantic relations, proposed previously, yielding a richer semantic representation of text, including hidden inferences. Annotations of negation focus were performed over PropBank, and learning features were identified. The experimental results show that the models introduced here obtain a weighted f-measure of 0.641 for predicting the focus of negation and 78 percent accuracy for incorporating negation into composition of semantic relations.
The distance to the Galactic Center
Authors: Gillessen Stefan , Eisenhauer Frank , Fritz Tobias K. , Pfuhl Oliver , Ott Thomas , Genzel Reinhard 
Published: February 2013

AbstractOne of the Milky Way's fundamental parameters is the distance of the Sun from the Galactic Center, R0. This article reviews the various ways of estimating R0, placing special emphasis on methods that have become possible recently. In particular, we focus on the geometric distance estimate made possible thanks to observations of individual stellar orbits around the massive black hole at the center of the Galaxy. The specific issues of concern there are the degeneracies with other parameters, most importantly the mass of the black hole and the definition of the reference frame. The current uncertainty is nevertheless only a few percent, with error bars shrinking every year.
Adjusting the distance scales of old and intermediate-age tracers via statistical parallaxes
Authors: Dambis A. K. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe method of statistical-parallax determination is used to adjust the photometric distance-scale zero points and test the selection of several samples of old and intermediate-age tracer objects in the Milky Way, including RR Lyrae- and Mira-type variables, blue and red horizontal-branch stars, and red giants. We obtain reasonable and stable absolute-magnitude (and, hence, photometric distance-scale) corrections for all samples except for the red horizontal-branch stars, which appear to be significantly contaminated by main-sequence turn-off and subgiant stars.
The parsec program: a large sample of brown dwarf trigonometric parallaxes
Authors: Andrei Alexandre H. , Smart Richard L. , Bucciarelli Beatrice , Penna Jucira L. , Marocco Federico , Lattanzi Mario G. , Crosta Mariateresa , Teixeira Ramakrishna 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe report on the parsec program, which observed 140 L and T dwarfs on a regular basis from 2007 to 2011, using the WIFI camera on the ESO/2.2 m telescope. Trigonometric parallaxes at 5 mas precision are derived for 49 objects, and mas yr−1-level proper motions are derived for approximately 200,000 objects in the same fields. We discuss image cleaning, object centroiding, and astrometric methods, in particular three different approaches for trigonometric parallax determination.
A new assessment of the kinematic distance to the Pleiades: based on radial velocities and proper motions only
Authors: Röser S. , Schilbach E. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe present a new determination of the distance to the Pleiades using the moving-cluster method, allowing for inclusion of the effects of expansion and rotation of the cluster. While rotation appears neglegible, we find a slight expansion of the cluster with a maximum velocity of 0.15 km s−1 and a distance modulus of (m − M)0 = 5.50 ± 0.13 mag. This is larger but compatible with the new Hipparcos distance modulus of 5.40 ± 0.03 mag. On the other hand, various distance moduli for the Pleiades are found in the literature, many resulting from isochrone fitting. They scatter around a value of 5.63 mag. Our results are also compatible with these measurements, within the error bars.
VLBI astrometry of the semi-regular variable star RX Bootis
Authors: Kamezaki Tatsuya , Nakagawa Akiharu , Omodaka Toshihiro , Handa Toshihiro , Imai Hiroshi , Tafoya Daniel , Matsui Makoto , Nishida Yoshiro , Nagayama Takumi , Honma Mareki , Kobayashi Hideyuki , Miyaji Takeshi , Takeuti Mine 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe present a distance measurement to the semi-regular variable star RX Bootis (RX Boo). Using the VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry (VERA) telescope, we conducted astrometric observations of a water maser spot associated with RX Boo, as well as of the continuum reference source J1419+2706. Based on monitoring observations covering a full year, the annual parallax of RX Boo was measured at 7.31 ± 0.50 mas, corresponding to a distance of 136+10−9 pc. This distance uncertainty is smaller by a factor of two than those previously published, allowing us to determine the object's stellar properties more accurately. Using our distance, we can determine the absolute magnitude and discuss more precisely the locus of RX Boo on the period–luminosity (PL) relation. RX Boo exhibits two simultaneous pulsation periods and is located on the fundamental and first overtone Mira sequences of the PL relation. In addition, we calculated the radius and mass of the star.
RR Lyrae stars: prime calibrators of the first rung of the distance ladder
Authors: Cacciari Carla 
Published: February 2013

AbstractRR Lyrae variables are the primary standard candles for old stellar populations, and the traditional first step in the definition of the distance scale. Their properties are known on the basis of well-established physical concepts and their calibration is based on several empirical methods. Both aspects are critically reviewed, and their application as distance indicators within the Galaxy and the Local Group are discussed, also in view of the observing facilities that will be available in the near future.
Classical Cepheids, what else?
Authors: Bono G. , Inno L. , Matsunaga N. , Genovali K. , Lemasle B. , Primas F. , Romaniello M. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe present new and independent estimates of the distances to the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) using near-infrared (NIR) and optical–NIR period–Wesenheit (PW) relations. The slopes of the PW relations are, within the dispersion, linear over the entire period range and independent of metal content. The absolute zero points were fixed using Galactic Cepheids with distances based on the infrared surface-brightness method. The true distance modulus we found for the Large Magellanic Cloud—(m − M)0 = 18.48 ± 0.01 ± 0.10 mag—and the Small Magellanic Cloud—(m − M)0 = 18.94 ± 0.01 ± 0.10 mag—agree quite well with similar distance determinations based on robust distance indicators. We also briefly discuss the evolutionary and pulsation properties of MC Cepheids.
Wesenheit function for Galactic Cepheids: Application to the projection factors
Authors: Ngeow Chow-Choong , Neilson Hilding , Nardetto Nicolas , Marengo Massimo 
Published: February 2013

AbstractGalactic Cepheids are necessary tools for calibrating the period–luminosity relation, but distances to individual Galactic Cepheids are difficult to measure precisely and their application is limited to a small number of techniques, such as direct parallax measurements, main-sequence fitting to open clusters that host Cepheids, and Baade–Wesselink (BW)-type methods. Here, we re-examine the application of Wesenheit functions in determining distances to more than 300 Galactic Cepheids by taking advantage of the fact that the Wesenheit function is extinction-free by definition. Wesenheit distances are used to calibrate the projection (p) factor for Galactic Cepheids that also have BW distances. Based on ~ 70 Cepheids, we find that the period–p-factor relation may exhibit a nonlinear trend with a considerable scatter. We found discrepant p factors for δ Cephei in the literature. This may be due to inconsistent measurements of its angular diameter using different empirical techniques. We discuss the reason for the inconsistency in angular-diameter measurements and offer a possible remedy.
Evolutionary properties of stellar standard candles: Red clump, AGB clump and white dwarfs
Authors: Salaris Maurizio 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe location of the white dwarf cooling sequence in the colour–magnitude diagram of simple stellar populations, the magnitude of the red clump and the magnitude of the asymptotic giant branch clump are three stellar distance indicators based on advanced evolutionary phases of low-mass stars. With the present observational capabilities, they can be applied to reach distances ranging from the Galactic disk and halo populations, to galaxies within the Local Group. Techniques devised to exploit these distance indicators are presented, together with a discussion of their calibration and the main sources of systematic errors. A first semi-empirical calibration of the asymptotic giant branch absolute magnitude in both the I and K bands is also derived.
A precise and accurate distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud from late-type eclipsing-binary systems
Authors: Pietrzyński G. , Gieren W. , Graczyk D. , Thompson I. , Pilecki B. , Nardetto N. , Kudritzki R.-P. , Bresolin F. , Bono G. , Moroni P. Prada , Konorski P. , Gorski M. , Storm J. , Smolec R. , Karczmarek P. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe present a precise and accurate measurement of the distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud based on late-type eclipsing-binary systems. Our results provide curently the most accurate zero point for the extragalactic distance scale.
Eclipsing binary distances to the edge of the Local Group
Authors: Bonanos Alceste Z. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractEclipsing binaries are powerful tools for determining the fundamental parameters of stars and, therefore, for measuring accurate, independent distances to nearby galaxies. I present distance measurements that are in progress based on early-type eclipsing binary systems in several Local Group galaxies at a range of metallicities, and discuss the strengths of the method, the limitations and possible sources of systematic error. The goal is to establish several local stepping stones along the extragalactic distance ladder, which will help calibrate the Cepheid period–luminosity relation and thus resolve the ongoing controversy about the distance scale, with its ramifications for cosmology and stellar ages.
The period–radius relation of classical Cepheids and the problem of their mode identification
Authors: Sachkov Mikhail 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBased on radial-velocity measurements and photometric observations, we calculated the radii of around 200 classical Cepheids that were previously assumed to be fundamental-mode pulsators. Our detailed analysis of the period–radius diagram shows that the sample of Cepheids with pulsation periods shorter than 9 days probably contains a significant fraction (up to 30%) of stars pulsating in the first overtone.
Galactic structure from trigonometric parallaxes of star-forming regions
Authors: Reid Mark J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractRecently, astrometric accuracy approaching ~ 10 μas has become routinely possible with Very Long Baseline Interferometry. Since, unlike at optical wavelengths, interstellar dust is transparent at radio wavelengths, parallaxes and proper motions can now be measured for massive young stars (with maser emission) across the Galaxy, enabling direct measurements of the spiral structure of the Milky Way. Fitting the full 3D position and velocity vectors to a simple model of the Galaxy yields extremely accurate values for its fundamental parameters, including the distance to the Galactic Center, R0=8.38 ± 0.18 kpc, and circular rotation at the Solar Circle, Θ0= 243 ± 7 km s−1. The rotation curve of the Milky Way, based for the first time on ‘gold standard’ distances and complete 3D information, appears to be very flat.
From supergiant stars to galaxies: The path to extragalactic distances
Authors: Bresolin Fabio , Kudritzki Rolf-Peter 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe spectroscopic study of blue supergiants in nearby galaxies can yield crucial information about the spatial distribution of extinction by dust, and can be successfully used to measure the metal content, abundance patterns, and distances of galaxies out to ~8 Mpc with current telescopes and instrumentation. We briefly review the results of an ongoing project in which the quantitative analysis of B- and A-type supergiants is used to independently test widely used metallicity diagnostics for star-forming galaxies and derive reddening-free extragalactic distances.
The period–luminosity relation of Mira variable stars
Authors: Nakagawa Akiharu , Kurayama Tomoharu , Omodaka Toshihiro , Kamezaki Tatsuya , Nishida Yoshiro , Matsui Makoto 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe use astrometry to measure the distances to Galactic Mira variable stars. Our purpose is to determine a precise period–luminosity relation (PLR). At present, we do not have a precise PLR for Galactic Mira stars because of the large uncertainties affecting their distance estimates. To reduce the uncertainties, we adopted the Very Long Baseline Interferometry method and measured annual parallaxes of Mira variable stars with VERA. In addition to our previous results, we obtained three new distances for Mira variable stars. Based on our observations, the typical uncertainty in a given distance measurement is reduced to below 10%. At this conference, we present the current status of our project. To establish a precise Galactic PLR, we continue to observe more Mira variables. In addition, the apparent magnitudes of the target stars should be studied carefully.
Distances, depth structure, and kinematics of the Magellanic Clouds from disentangling spectra of eclipsing binaries and Cepheids
Authors: Hadrava P. , Štefl S. , Klement R. , Martayan C. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractSpectroscopy and photometry of eclipsing binaries and Cepheids (using the Baade–Wesselink method) yield primary distance markers applicable to the Local Group of galaxies. The technique of disentangling spectra has proved helpful in resolving stellar physical parameters. Our method also allows us to disentangle interstellar absorption lines and, thus, to complement the radial-velocity structure of the interstellar medium with an (otherwise unattainable) upper limit to its distance. The mapping of the spatial and kinematic structure of the stellar and interstellar components of the Magellanic Clouds and Stream enables constraining their tidal evolution and, thus, of the mass of the Galaxy.
Measuring the Hubble constant with observations of water-vapor megamasers
Authors: Braatz James , Reid Mark , Kuo Cheng-Yu , Impellizzeri Violette , Condon James , Henkel Christian , Lo K. Y. , Greene Jenny , Gao Feng , Zhao Wei 
Published: February 2013

AbstractTo constrain models of dark energy, a precise measurement of the Hubble constant, H0, provides a powerful complement to observations of the cosmic microwave background. Recent, precise measurements of H0 have been based on the ‘extragalactic distance ladder,’ primarily using observations of Cepheid variables and Type Ia supernovae as standard candles. In the past, these methods have been limited by systematic errors, so independent methods of measuring H0 are of high value. Direct geometric distance measurements to circumnuclear H2O megamasers in the Hubble flow provide a promising new method to determine H0. The Megamaser Cosmology Project (MCP) is a systematic effort to discover suitable H2O megamasers and determine their distances, with the aim of measuring H0 to a few percent. Based on observations of megamasers in UGC 3789 and NGC 6264, and preliminary results from Mrk 1419, the MCP has so far measured H0 = 68.0 ± 4.8 km s−1 Mpc−1. This measurement will improve as distances to additional galaxies are incorporated. With the Green Bank Telescope, we recently discovered three more excellent candidates for distance measurements, and we are currently acquiring data to measure their distances.
The Virgo Cluster
Authors: Mould Jeremy 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn the era of precision cosmology, the Virgo cluster takes on a new role in the cosmic distance scale. Its traditional role of testing the consistency of secondary distance indicators is replaced by an ensemble of distance measurements within the Local Supercluster, united by a velocity-field model obtained from a reconstruction based on redshift surveys. The Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) leads us to see the Hubble constant as one of six parameters in a standard model of cosmology with considerable covariance among parameters. Independent experiments, such as WMAP, the Hubble Space Telescope Key Project on the Extragalactic Distance Scale, and their successors constrain these parameters.