bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring housing supply dynamics and temporal modelling of residential construction activities
Authors: Zhang Yu , Miller Eric J. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
This study aims to develop a modelling framework of housing supply dynamics within the context of urban microsimulation systems. Housing markets have witnessed substantial investigation over recent decades, predominantly concerning residential demand. However, comparatively limited attention has been directed towards comprehending the housing supply dynamics. Housing policy disconnects with the developers’ market behaviours, which leads to significant mismatch between the housing construction and affordable housing needs of the population. Research attention should be made in comprehending the residential construction market activities. To address this gap, this study developed an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model and analyzed the temporal evolution of housing construction.

Design/methodology/approach
An ARDL model was developed to address the issue of temporal modelling of the housing supply. An empirical study was conducted in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA) based on a longitudinal housing starts data set from 1998 to 2020. The model integrates diverse variables, including macroeconomic conditions, property development costs, dwelling prices and opportunity costs. Notably, the model captures both the path-dependent effects stemming from supply market fluctuations and the temporal lag effect of influential factors.

Findings
The findings reveal that the supply-side’s responsiveness to market condition alterations may span up to 18 months. The model has reasonable and satisfying performance in fitting the observed starts. The methodological foundations laid will facilitate future modelling of housing supply dynamics.

Originality/value
This study innovatively separated the modelling of housing supply within the context of urban microsimulation, into two parts, the modelling of housing starts and completion. The housing starts are determined in a complex and regressive process influenced by both the micro-economic environment and the construction cost and housing market trends. Through the temporal modelling method, this study captures how long it would take for the housing supply to respond to multiple factors and provides insight for urban planners in regulating the housing market and leveraging various policies to influence the housing supply.
Investigating the antecedents of EMNEs’ expatriate knowledge transfer behaviors in developing economies
Authors: Guo Ying , Zhang Jianan 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
The international business (IB) literature emphasizes knowledge sharing and knowledge hiding as part of the knowledge transfer process. However, limited studies discuss the antecedents of the two practices in the same organization in international assignments. This study aims to explore the knowledge transfer practices of expatriates in emerging economy multinational enterprises (EMNEs) conducting international assignments in developing economies and identify the reasons why expatriates share knowledge and/or hide knowledge in interaction with the local environment.

Design/methodology/approach
In-depth, semistructured interviews with Chinese expatriates from a Chinese state-owned multinational enterprise (MNE) operating in three African countries were conducted to obtain their experience of knowledge transfer behaviors in international assignments. Thematic analysis was used to analyze interview data.

Findings
The results show that knowledge sharing is more common than knowledge hiding in the overseas operations of EMNEs in developing economies. Cooperation requirements, corporate incentives, company support and the host country environment facilitate knowledge sharing; conversely, competitiveness and company policies are related to expatriate knowledge-hiding behaviors in other emerging economies.

Originality/value
This paper provides the enlightenment of Chinese MNEs on knowledge management in overseas operations in developing economies and reflects the company’s system and practice in knowledge management from the level of expatriates, as well as the role of company practices in choosing knowledge sharing or hiding behaviors.
“I am served by a Robot!”: internal antecedents of customer acceptance of robotic hotel-service agents
Authors: Cabrilo Sladjana , Leung Rosanna , Tsai Fu-Sheng , Dahms Sven 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThis study explores how customers' individual characteristics and perceptions affect acceptance of service robots as a hotel workforce. The Interactive Technology Acceptance Model (iTAM) has inspired us to investigate effects of customers' technological self-efficacy, perceived interactivity, sense of utility, and enjoyment-level of acceptance related to hotel-service robots as staff.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 224 customers via an online questionnaire conducted in the period April–June 2022 by convenience sampling, and then analyzed by using partial least squares – structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThe findings show that customers' technological self-efficacy and perceived interactivity with service robots enhances perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment, serving as functional and emotional value components of service robots. They also demonstrate that robot's interactivity outweighs other robot's value components, such as perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment for acceptance of service robots as employees in hotels.Originality/valueWhile empirically validating the iTAM, this study emphasizes service robot interactivity as the most important aspect for customers' acceptance, and it adds a new perspective regarding the underexplored role of the customer-robot interface. Combining specific dimensions from different technology acceptance models (functional/socio-emotional/relational; utilitarian/hedonic) the study contributes to the service robot literature currently missing a more holistic understanding of consumers' experience and adoption drivers, and it provides managerial guidance on how to successfully implement service robots in hotel environments.
The effects of an inclined plate on a two-dimensional magneto hydrodynamic hybrid Cu-Fe3O4/EG nanofluid flow subject to an oblique magnetic flux
Authors: V Gopi , Avula Golla Vijaya Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the numerical study of the steady two-dimensional MHD hybrid Cu-Fe3O4/EG nanofluid flows over an inclined porous plate with an inclined magnetic effect. Iron oxide (Fe3O4) and copper (Cu) are hybrid nanoparticles, with ethylene glycol as the base fluid. The effects of several physical characteristics, such as the inclination angle, magnetic parameter, thermal radiation, viscous propagation, heat absorption and convective heat transfer, are revealed by this exploration.

Design/methodology/approach
Temperature and velocity descriptions, along with the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number, are studied to see how they change depending on the parameters. Using compatible similarity transformations, the controlling equations, including those describing the momentum and energy descriptions, are turned into a set of non-linear ordinary differential equations. The streamlined mathematical model is then solved numerically by using the shooting approach and the Runge–Kutta method up to the fourth order. The numerical findings of skin friction and Nusselt number are compared and discussed with prior published data by Nur Syahirah Wahid.

Findings
The graphical representation of the velocity and temperature profiles within the frontier is exhibited and discussed. The various output values related to skin friction and the Nusselt number are shown in the table.

Originality/value
The new results are compared to past research and discovered to agree significantly with those authors’ published works.
Inferring fault structures and overburden depth in 3D from geophysical data using machine learning algorithms – A case study on the Fenelon gold deposit, Quebec, Canada
Authors: Xu Limin , Green E. C. R. , Kelly C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe apply a machine learning approach to automatically infer two key attributes – the location of fault or shear zone structures and the thickness of the overburden – in an 18 km2 study area within and surrounding the Archean Fenelon gold deposit in Quebec, Canada. Our approach involves the inversion of carefully curated borehole lithological and structural observations truncated at 480 m below the surface, combined with magnetic and Light Detection and Ranging survey data. We take a computationally low‐cost approach in which no underlying model for geological consistency is imposed. We investigated three contrasting approaches: (1) an inferred fault model, in which the borehole observations represent a direct evaluation of the presence of fault or shear zones; (2) an inferred overburden model, using borehole observations on the overburden‐bedrock contact; (3) a model with three classes – overburden, faulted bedrock and unfaulted bedrock, which combines aspects of (1) and (2). In every case, we applied all 32 standard machine learning algorithms. We found that Bagged Trees, fine K‐nearest neighbours and weighted K‐nearest neighbour were the most successful, producing similar accuracy, sensitivity and specificity metrics. The Bagged Trees algorithm predicted fault locations with approximately 80% accuracy, 70% sensitivity and 73% specificity. Overburden thickness was predicted with 99% accuracy, 77% sensitivity and 93% specificity. Qualitatively, fault location predictions compared well to independently construct geological interpretations. Similar methods might be applicable in other areas with good borehole coverage, providing that criteria used in borehole logging are closely followed in devising classifications for the machine learning training set and might be usefully supplemented with a variety of geophysical survey data types.
A probabilistic full waveform inversion of surface waves
Authors: Berti Sean , Aleardi Mattia , Stucchi Eusebio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOver the past decades, surface wave methods have been routinely employed to retrieve the physical characteristics of the first tens of meters of the subsurface, particularly the shear wave velocity profiles. Traditional methods rely on the application of the multichannel analysis of surface waves to invert the fundamental and higher modes of Rayleigh waves. However, the limitations affecting this approach, such as the 1D model assumption and the high degree of subjectivity when extracting the dispersion curve, motivate us to apply the elastic full‐waveform inversion, which, despite its higher computational cost, enables leveraging the complete information embedded in the recorded seismograms. Standard approaches solve the full‐waveform inversion using gradient‐based algorithms minimizing an error function, commonly measuring the misfit between observed and predicted waveforms. However, these deterministic approaches lack proper uncertainty quantification and are susceptible to get trapped in some local minima of the error function. An alternative lies in a probabilistic framework, but, in this case, we need to deal with the huge computational effort characterizing the Bayesian approach when applied to non‐linear problems associated with expensive forward modelling and large model spaces. In this work, we present a gradient‐based Markov chain Monte Carlo full‐waveform inversion where we accelerate the sampling of the posterior distribution by compressing data and model spaces through the discrete cosine transform. Additionally, a proposal is defined as a local, Gaussian approximation of the target density, constructed using the local Hessian and gradient information of the log posterior. We first validate our method through a synthetic test where the velocity model features lateral and vertical velocity variations. Then we invert a real dataset from the InterPACIFIC project. The obtained results prove the efficiency of our proposed algorithm, which demonstrates to be robust against cycle‐skipping issues and able to provide reasonable uncertainty evaluations with an affordable computational cost.
Drivers of snag fall rates in Fennoscandian boreal forests
Authors: Aakala Tuomas , Storaunet Ken Olaf , Jonsson Bengt Gunnar , Korhonen Kari T. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Persistence of standing dead trees (snags) is an important determinant for their role for biodiversity and dead wood associated carbon fluxes. How fast snags fall varies widely among species and regions and is further influenced by a variety of stand‐ and tree‐level factors. However, our understanding of this variation is fragmentary at best, partly due to lack of empirical data.

Here, we took advantage of the accruing time series of snag observations in the Finnish, Norwegian and Swedish National Forest Inventories that have been followed in these programs since the mid‐1990s. We first harmonized observations from slightly different inventory protocols and then, using this harmonized dataset of ca. 43,000 observations that had a consistent 5‐year census interval, we modelled the probability of snags of the main boreal tree species Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies and Betula spp. falling, as a function of tree‐ and stand‐level variables, using Bayesian logistic regression modelling.

The models were moderately good at predicting snags remaining standing or falling, with a correct classification rate ranging from 68% to 75% among species.

In general, snag persistence increased with tree size and climatic wetness, and decreased with temperature sum, advancing stage of decay, site productivity and disturbance intensity (mainly harvesting).

Synthesis and applications: The effect of harvesting demonstrates that an efficient avenue to increase the amount of snags in managed forests is protecting them during silvicultural operations. In the warmer future, negative relationship between snag persistence and temperature suggests decreasing the time snags remain standing and hence decreasing habitat availability for associated species. As decomposition rates generally increase after fall, decreasing snag persistence also implies substantially faster release of carbon from dead wood.
Cost‐effective portfolio allocation across quarantine, surveillance and eradication using info‐gap theory
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Penghao , Coupland Grey T. , Thomas Melissa L. , Zheng Dan , McKirdy Simon J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Biosecurity activities primarily include pre‐border and border quarantine, post‐border surveillance and post‐border eradication. Budget allocated to quarantine and surveillance activities ultimately influence the expenditure and success rate of eradication campaigns. Optimal portfolio allocation examined in previous research is susceptible to potential severe uncertainties existing in ecology and in the behaviour of invasive species itself. These uncertainties, together with a limited budget, make it difficult for decision makers to allocate the total management budget to each biosecurity activity in a robust manner.

Info‐gap decision theory is applied to model the severe uncertainty in invasive species management, and robust optimize the total management cost.

This research shows that using a combination of pre‐border and border quarantine (to reduce the incursion probability) and post‐border surveillance (to enable early detection and rapid response), enables decision makers to be more robust to potential uncertainty. Further, it is reported that investment in quarantine that is more cost‐effective should outweigh that in surveillance, in line with precautionary principle.

Increasing the estimated population threshold for surveillance detection also gains more robustness.

Synthesis and applications: Portfolio allocation options developed in this research provide decision makers with a way to manage the invasive species spatially, cost‐effectively and confidently by allocating the total management budget in a robust manner. The methods outlined in this research can not only be applied to invasive species, but also the conservation of endangered species that are constrained by severe uncertainty in ecological modelling and limited resources.
Are Prestigious Directors Mere Attractive Ornaments on the Corporate Christmas Tree?
Authors: Khedar Harsh , Agarwal Vineet , Poshakwale Sunil 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUsing the United Kingdom's unique institutional setting of Queen's [now King's] honours, we examine the influence of director prestige on both short‐term and long‐term firm performance. We find that the market reacts positively to the appointments of Prestigious Award‐Winning Directors (PAWDs). Firms appointing PAWDs also show significantly improved long‐term performance, and this performance change is higher when firms appoint PAWDs according to their needs. The evidence suggests that PAWDs make important contributions to the firm by providing effective monitoring, facilitating preferential access to resources and offering legitimacy. We conclude that director prestige not only signals higher human and social capital but also incentivizes effective monitoring of managerial decisions.
Conspiracy, Congregation, Company, and Commerce in England, 1680–1688: The Narratives of Edward Massey of Braintree
Authors: LEGON EDWARD 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn 1683, Edward Massey, an obscure office‐holder in Braintree, Essex, provided the state with one of the most explosive accounts of conspiratorial activities in England during the so‐called ‘Exclusion Crisis’. Massey, a prisoner in the King's Bench, named dozens of individuals in his native Essex, as well as the West Country and London, who apparently aired seditious grievances with King Charles II and his Roman Catholic brother and heir, James, Duke of York, and compassed participation in a national plot to ensure the succession of a Protestant in the form of Charles's illegitimate son, James, Duke of Monmouth. The colourful details of the alleged conspiracy bear reproduction in this article. Nevertheless, the difficulty of crediting the most radical implications of Massey's narratives calls for a cautious assessment of their reliability and value to historians. Fortunately, additional evidence enables us to treat Massey's account as a detailed testimony of how those marginalised by the Stuarts’ post‐Restoration settlements were able to mobilise behind and sustain their discontents, and the anxious secrecy and cautious trust which, amid heightened state surveillance, defined their encounters. Moreover, the article demonstrates how necessarily secretive political and religious networks mapped onto, and drew strength from, bonds which were forged in experiences of parochial administration and business, particularly the production of and trade in cloth. The result is an account of the Restoration's ‘politics of religion’ which highlights the communicative and ideological importance of the politics of local office and (inter)national trade.
Epicardial fat thickness in rheumatoid arthritis: Insights from echocardiographic analysis and autoimmune correlations
Authors: Delkash Parisa , Bayat Bahareh , Omidi Fatemeh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the joints. RA is associated with high cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. One of the new markers of cardiometabolic risk is epicardial fat thickness, the study of EFT in patients with RA and its association with echocardiographic parameters may provide valuable insight into the potential cardiac involvement and overall cardiovascular risk in these patients.MethodThe present study is a cross‐sectional study with a comparison group conducted in 2024. The study population included 66 RA patients and 66 healthy participants. Echocardiographic parameters, laboratory data including lipid profile and inflammatory markers, were obtained from the medical record.ResultsComparison of echocardiographic parameters between RA and healthy participants showed that E parameter and EFT were statistically significant in RA patients. (EFT was 5.22 ± 2.6 in RA patients which in comparison with healthy participant (5.22 ± 2.06) was statistically significant (p‐value: <.001)). Also, EFT was correlated with RF, Anti‐CCP, ESR, and systolic blood pressure.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, ours is the first EFT study on RA patients in Iran, which shows a higher EFT in RA patients. High EFT is correlated with more cardiovascular events and is an early sign and independent predictor of atherosclerosis in RA patients, which greatly underlines the importance of cardiovascular assessment in RA patients.
T32 programs in emergency medicine: A report from the ACEP‐SAEM Federal Research Funding Workgroup
Authors: Maher Patrick J. , Rothman Richard , Neumar Robert , Brown Jeremy , Sharp Willard , Cairns Charles , Kelen Gabor D. , Kaji Amy , Vogel Jody A. , Richardson Lynne D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAdvancing care in Emergency Medicine (EM) requires the development of well‐trained researchers, but our specialty has lower amounts of research funding compared to similar medical fields. Increasing the number of pathways available for research training supports the growth of new investigators. To address the need for more EM researchers, the Society of Academic Emergency Medicine and the American College of Emergency Physicians convened a Federal Research Funding Workgroup. Here, we report the workgroup recommendations regarding the creation of Research Training Fellowships using the T32 grant structure sponsored by the National Institutes of Health. After reviewing the history of NIH‐grant supported research fellowships in EM, we outline the rationale and describe the core components of T32‐supported research fellowships, including program design, fellow evaluation, and recruitment considerations.