bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unlocking the mystery of heterosis opens the era of intelligent rice breeding
Authors: Gu Zhoulin , Han Bin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Heterosis refers to the phenomenon where the first filial offspring (F1) from genetically diverse parents displays advantages in growth rate, yield, and adaptability compared with its parents. The exploitation of heterosis in rice breeding has greatly increased the productivity, making a significant contribution to food security in the last half of the century. Conventional hybrid rice breeding highly relies on the breeder's experience on random crossing and comprehensive field selection. This process is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In recent years, rice hybrid breeding has encountered challenges stemming from limited germplasm resource, low breeding efficiency, and high uncertainty, which constrain the progress in yield increase, coupled with difficulties in balancing grain yield, quality, and resistance. Understanding the genetic basis of rice heterosis could lead to significant advancements in breeding concepts and methods. This will fully unleash the advantages of heterosis. In this review, we focus on the research progress of the genetic dissection of crop heterosis and briefly introduce some key advancements in modern intelligent breeding of rice hybrid.
Analytic and Numerical Approaches for Depictive 3-Loop Integrals Using Sector Decomposition
Authors: de Doncker Elise , Ishikawa Tadashi , Kato Kiyoshi , Yuasa Fukuko 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Four 3-loop two-point functions are studied analytically and numerically using a simplified sector decomposition method. The coefficients of the ultraviolet divergent part are determined analytically, and those of the finite part are computed numerically. The energy dependence of the integrals is shown explicitly, and a discussion of its behavior is presented.
Validation of HAND OA US inflammatory and structural damage score (HOUSE) for thumb-base joints: systematic review on truth and discrimination
Authors: Kortekaas Marion C , Vanhaverbeke Tine , Keen Helen I , Terslev Lene , Hammer Hilde B , D’Agostino Maria Antonietta , Wittoek Ruth ,   OMERACT Hand OA US Working Group, Möller Ingrid , Mathiessen Alexander , Berghea Florian , Madsen Norman , Vreju Florentin , Porta Francesco , Filippou Georgios , De Lucia Orazio , Sirotti Silvia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Recently, the HAND OA US Examination (HOUSE) inflammatory and structural damage scores were developed by the OMERACT US Working Group. However, the thumb base was not, or was only partly, included. This systematic review examines US scoring methods and scanning techniques assessing thumb-base OA, alongside existing evidence on validity, reliability and responsiveness.

Methods
A comprehensive search strategy in three different databases identified 30 eligible studies.

Results
In general, studies predominantly focused on US assessment of the CMC1 joint, with fewer investigating the scaphotrapeziotrapezoid (STT) joint. Most studies utilized a semiquantitative scale for scoring structural and inflammatory features, aligning with the HOUSE scoring system. Validity was supported by a limited number of studies, with one demonstrating a positive association between US structural damage and radiographic damage, and another showing a similar association with function. Associations between US inflammatory features and pain were observed, albeit with some variability. Reliability was from moderate to good for the CMC1 joint but limited for the STT joint. Responsiveness varied across studies. The methodological quality of included studies varied, indicating areas for future research improvement.

Conclusion
While promising, additional research is necessary to validate the HOUSE scoring system and improve its clinical utility for thumb-base OA assessment. Future research should concentrate on optimal scanning positions and on the reliability and responsiveness of the HOUSE scoring system.
The Association Between Trajectories of Self-reported Psychotic Experiences and Continuity of Mental Health Care in a Longitudinal Cohort of Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Gerritsen Suzanne E , Bolhuis Koen , van Bodegom Larissa S , Maras Athanasios , Overbeek Mathilde M , van Amelsvoort Therese A M J , Wolke Dieter , de Girolamo Giovanni , Franić Tomislav , Madan Jason , McNicholas Fiona , Paul Moli , Purper-Ouakil Diane , Santosh Paramala , Schulze Ulrike M E , Singh Swaran P , Street Cathy , Tremmery Sabine , Tuomainen Helena , Dieleman Gwen C , Mesman Esther 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and HypothesisYoung people (YP) with psychotic experiences (PE) have an increased risk of developing a psychiatric disorder. Therefore, knowledge on continuity of care from child and adolescent (CAMHS) to adult mental health services (AMHS) in relation to PE is important. Here, we investigated whether the self-reported trajectories of persistent PE were associated with likelihood of transition to AMHS and mental health outcomes.Study DesignIn this prospective cohort study, interviews and questionnaires were used to assess PE, mental health, and service use in 763 child and adolescent mental health service users reaching their service’s upper age limit in 8 European countries. Trajectories of self-reported PE (3 items) from baseline to 24-month follow-up were determined using growth mixture modeling (GMM). Associations were assessed with auxiliary variables and using mixed models. Study results. At baseline, 56.7% of YP reported PE. GMM identified 5 trajectories over 24 months: medium increasing (5.2%), medium stable (11.7%), medium decreasing (6.5%), high decreasing (4.2%), and low stable (72.4%). PE trajectories were not associated with continuity of specialist care or transition to AMHS. Overall, YP with PE reported more mental health problems at baseline. Persistence of PE or an increase was associated with poorer outcomes at follow-up.ConclusionsPE are common among CAMHS users when reaching the upper age limit of CAMHS. Persistence or an increase of PE was associated with poorer mental health outcomes, poorer prognosis, and impaired functioning, but were less discriminative for continuity of care.
Sleep disturbances across 2 weeks predict future mental healthcare utilization
Authors: Slavish Danica C , Ruggero Camilo J , Luft Benjamin , Kotov Roman 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
Insufficient sleep costs the US economy over $411 billion per year. However, most studies investigating the economic costs of sleep rely on one-time measures of sleep, which may be prone to recall bias and cannot capture variability in sleep. To address these gaps, we examined how sleep metrics captured from daily sleep diaries predicted medical expenditures.

Methods
Participants were 391 World Trade Center (WTC) responders enrolled in the WTC Health Program (mean age = 54.97 years, 89% men). At baseline, participants completed 14 days of self-reported sleep and stress measures. Mean sleep, variability in sleep, and a novel measure of sleep reactivity (i.e. how much people’s sleep changes in response to daily stress) were used to predict the subsequent year’s medical expenditures, covarying for age, race/ethnicity, sex, medical diagnoses, and body mass index.

Results
Mean sleep efficiency did not predict mental healthcare utilization. However, greater sleep efficiency reactivity to stress (b = $191.75, p = .027), sleep duration reactivity to stress (b = $206.33, p = .040), variability in sleep efficiency (b = $339.33, p = .002), variability in sleep duration (b = $260.87, p = .004), and quadratic mean sleep duration (b = $182.37, p = .001) all predicted greater mental healthcare expenditures. Together, these sleep variables explained 12% of the unique variance in mental healthcare expenditures. No sleep variables were significantly associated with physical healthcare expenditures.

Conclusions
People with more irregular sleep, more sleep reactivity, and either short or long sleep engage in more mental healthcare utilization. It may be important to address these individuals’ sleep problems to improve mental health and reduce healthcare costs.
A novel long noncoding RNA AK029592 contributes to thermogenic adipocyte differentiation
Authors: Hong Pengyu , Wang Dianri , Wu Yue , Zhang Qi , Liu Pan , Pan Jian , Yu Mei , Tian Weidong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Exploration of factors originating from brown adipose tissue that govern the thermogenic adipocyte differentiation is imperative for comprehending the regulatory framework underlying brown fat biogenesis and for devising therapeutic approaches for metabolic disorders associated with obesity. Prior evidence has illuminated the pivotal role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in orchestrating thermogenesis within adipose tissue. Here, we aimed to explore and identify the critical lncRNA that could promote thermogenic adipocyte differentiation and to provide a novel strategy to treat obesity-related metabolic diseases in the future. In this study, through amalgamation with our previous lncRNA microarray data from small extracellular vesicles derived from BAT (sEV-BAT), we have identified sEV-BAT-enriched lncRNA AK029592 as a critical constituent of the thermogenic program, which actively fostered beige adipocyte differentiation and enhanced the thermogenic capacities of adipose tissue. Moreover, lncRNA AK029592 could sponge miR-199a-5p in adipocytes to stimulate thermogenic gene expression. Consequently, we concluded lncRNA AK029592 as a crucial lncRNA component of the thermogenic program that regulated beige adipocyte differentiation and white adipose tissue browning, thereby providing a novel therapeutic target and strategy in combating obesity and related metabolic diseases.
CORRECTION OF TRAUMA-INDUCED COAGULOPATHY BY GOAL DIRECTED THERAPY
Authors: Lindsay Charlotte , Davenport Ross , Baksaas-Aasen Kjersti , Kolstadbråten Knut Magne , Naess Pål Aksel , Curry Nicola , Maegele Marc , Juffermans Nicole , Stanworth Simon , Stensballe Jakob , Johansson Per Ingemar , Gaarder Christine , Brohi Karim 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Trauma hemorrhage induces a coagulopathy with a high associated mortality rate. The Implementing Treatment Algorithms for the Correction of Trauma Induced Coagulopathy (ITACTIC) randomized trial tested two goal-directed treatment algorithms for coagulation management, one guided by conventional coagulation tests and one by viscoelastic hemostatic assays (viscoelastic). The lack of a difference in 28-day mortality led us to hypothesize that coagulopathic patients received insufficient treatment to correct coagulopathy.

METHODS:
During ITACTIC, two sites were co-enrolling patients into an ongoing prospective observational study, which included serial blood sampling at the same intervals as in ITACTIC. The subgroup in both studies had conventional and viscoelastic test results for each patient available for analysis. A goal-directed treatment was defined as one triggered by an ITACTIC algorithm. Coagulopathy was defined as ROTEM EXTEM A5 <40mm. The primary outcome was correction of coagulopathy by the 12th unit of red blood cell transfusion during resuscitation.

RESULTS:
Full viscoelastic and conventional coagulation test results were available for 133 patients. 71% were coagulopathic on admission, and 16% developed a coagulopathy during resuscitation. ITACTIC VHA group patients were more likely to receive goal-directed treatment than the standard group (76% vs 47%, OR 3.73, 95%CI:1.64–8.49, p=0.002). However, only 54% of patients received goal-directed treatment, and only 20% corrected their coagulopathy (vs 0% with empiric treatment alone, not significant). Median time to first goal-directed treatment was 68(53-88) minutes for viscoelastic and 110(77-123) minutes for standard, p=0.005.

CONCLUSION:
In ITACTIC, many bleeding trauma patients did not receive an indicated goal-direct treatment. Interventions arrived late during resuscitation and were only partially effective at correcting coagulopathy.
Advances in the diagnosis of multiorgan involvement in systemic sclerosis: a focus on MRI
Authors: Feher Attila , Del Galdo Francesco , Plein Sven 
Published: August 2024

Purpose of review
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare chronic multisystem autoimmune disease characterized by endothelial dysfunction, tissue hypoxia, and diffuse organ fibrosis. MRI provides a radiation free approach to noninvasively assess the key manifestations of SSc in multiple organs. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent advances in MRI techniques to provide diagnostic and prognostic information in patients with SSc.

Recent findings
MRI can probe processes that play a key role in the development of SSc-related complications, including neointima proliferation, fibrosis, and hypoxia. Feature tracking and parametric mapping MRI can detect cardiac involvement at the subclinical level. Contrast-free MRI angiography with Digital Artery Volume Index (DAVIX) assessment allow comprehensive assessment of hand involvement. T1 mapping and BOLD imaging can assess SSc effects on skeletal muscle, and lung MRI is becoming a key method for imaging of interstitial lung disease. As a new exciting application, the sodium content of the skin can be quantified by 23Na MRI reflective of glycosaminoglycan content.

Summary
Recent advances in MRI provide a unique opportunity to study the key pathophysiologic processes and clinical manifestations of SSc in multiple organs noninvasively, which can pave the way for the development of effective therapies.
Oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus and its complications: From pathophysiology to therapeutic strategies
Authors: Chen Xingyu , Xie Na , Feng Lixiang , Huang Yujing , Wu Yuyao , Zhu Huili , Tang Jing , Zhang Yuanyuan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Oxidative stress due to aberrant metabolism is considered as a crucial contributor to diabetes and its complications. Hyperglycemia and hyperlipemia boost excessive reactive oxygen species generation by elevated mitochondrial respiration, increased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity, and enhanced pro-oxidative processes, including protein kinase C pathways, hexosamine, polyol, and advanced glycation endproducts, which exacerbate oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the onset of diabetes and its associated complications by impairing insulin production, increasing insulin resistance, maintaining hyperglycemic memory, and inducing systemic inflammation. A more profound comprehension of the molecular processes that link oxidative stress to diabetes is crucial to new preventive and therapeutic strategies. Therefore, this review discusses the mechanisms underlying how oxidative stress contributes to diabetes mellitus and its complications. We also summarize the current approaches for prevention and treatment by targeting the oxidative stress pathways in diabetes.
Transperineal anastomotic urethroplasty with distal transection versus proximal transection: How to predict?
Authors: Wang Lin , Song Wenxiong , Chen Gong , Li Zuowei , Lyu Rong , Jin Chongrui , Ye Xuxiao , Liu Yidong , Sa Yinglong , Lyu Xiangguo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the pubourethral stump angle (PUA) to determine the site of urethral transection during transperineal anastomotic urethroplasty (TAU).

Patients and methods
Patients diagnosed with pelvic fracture urethral distraction defect who underwent preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) urethrography and were treated with TAU between June 2019 and December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. According to the site of urethral transection during TAU, patients were classified into proximal and distal groups receiving TAU with proximal and distal transection, respectively. The demographic and clinical data were recorded. The PUA was measured on sagittal T2-weighted MR urethrography. The relationship between the site of urethral transection and PUA was analyzed.

Results
Sixty-seven patients were included. Forty-one and 26 patients were included in the proximal and distal groups, respectively. Finally, the success rates in the proximal and distal groups were 95.1% and 92.3%, respectively. The PUAs were 123.7° ± 14.6° and 86.5° ± 9.8° (p = 0.005), respectively. The curves for the 2 groups intersected between 90° and 110°. The scribing effects at 90°, 100°, and 110° in the 2 groups were compared in detail. Compared with 90° and 110°, 100° had the highest sensitivity as the demarcation line.

Conclusions
In the treatment of pelvic fracture urethral distraction defect, the PUA on MR urethrography is an objective and valid parameter for evaluating the site of urethral transection during TAU. A PUA >100° indicates that proximal transection should be preferentially attempted.
The Efficacy of INa Block to Cardiovert Atrial Fibrillation Is Enhanced by Inhibition of IK1
Authors: Burashnikov Alexander , Antzelevitch Charles 
Published: August 2024

Abstract:
There is a need for more efficient pharmacological cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF). We tested the hypothesis that inhibition of IK1 significantly enhances the efficacy of INa block to depress atrial excitability and to cardiovert AF. The study was conducted in canine isolated arterially perfused right atrial preparations with rim of ventricular tissue. AF was induced in the presence of acetylcholine (ACh; 0.5 µM). BaCl2 (10 µM) was used to inhibit IK1 and flecainide (1.5 µM) to block INa. Sustained AF (>45 minutes) was recorded in 100% atria (5/5) in the presence of ACh alone. Flecainide cardioverted AF in 50% of atria (4/8), BaCl2 in 0% (0/5), and their combination in 100% (5/5). AF cardioversion occurred in 15 ± 9 minutes with flecainide alone (n = 4) and in 8 ± 9 minutes with the combination (n = 5). Following drug-induced AF cardioversion, AF was inducible in 4/4 atria with flecainide alone (≤5 minutes duration) and in 2/5 atria with the combination (≤30 seconds duration). Atrial excitability was significantly more depressed by combined versus monotherapies. There was little to no effect on ventricular excitability under any condition tested. Thus, inhibition of IK1 significantly enhances the efficacy of flecainide to depress atrial excitability and to cardiovert AF in our experimental setting. A combination of INa and IK1 inhibition may be an effective approach for cardioversion of AF.
SUB RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM HYPOREFLECTIVE SPACES PRECEDING LARGE DRUSEN COLLAPSE
Authors: Bousquet Elodie , Abraham Neda , Estawro Rania , Khadka Simanta , Voichanski Shilo , Mafi Mostafa , Au Adrian , Santina Ahmad , Sadda SriniVas , Sarraf David 
Published: August 2024

Purpose:
To describe and study hyporeflective subretinal pigment epithelium (RPE) spaces in large drusen and drusenoid pigment epithelial detachment before collapse.

Method:
Retrospective longitudinal study enrolled patients with large and very large drusen caused by intermediate age-related macular degeneration. The following optical coherence tomography parameters were assessed: drusen size (maximum width and height), optical coherence tomography biomarkers of RPE atrophy, presence of intraretinal and subretinal fluid, acquired vitelliform lesion, and sub-RPE regions of hyporeflectivity within the pigment epithelial detachment compartment.

Results:
Of the 50 eyes from 41 patients (mean age 77.1 ± 9 years, 78% women) with large and very large drusen, 16 eyes progressed to collapse. Eyes with sub-RPE hyporeflective spaces (n = 8 eyes, 50%) were associated with greater drusen width and height than those without sub-RPE hyporeflective spaces. At the collapse visit, eyes with sub-RPE hyporeflective spaces displayed poorer visual acuity and greater incomplete RPE and outer retinal atrophy and complete RPE and outer retinal atrophy length than eyes without sub-RPE hyporeflective spaces (P = 0.004 and P = 0.04, respectively).

Conclusion:
Sub-RPE hyporeflective spaces are a novel optical coherence tomography finding of large and very large drusen that collapse to atrophy. Progressive RPE dysfunction and failure may lead to reduced drusenoid material formation and progressive degenerative hydration of the large drusen before collapse, but this awaits confirmation with histopathological analysis.
Review and analysis of history and utilization of panretinal photocoagulation and ranibizumab after publication of protocol S
Authors: Shah Serena , Chou Brandon , Patel Marissa , Watane Arjun , Shah Lea , Yannuzzi Nicolas , Sridhar Jayanth 
Published: August 2024

Purpose of review
We describe the history, utilization, and series results of panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) and ranibizumab and provide an analysis of PRP and ranibizumab usage before versus after the publication of the 2-year and 5-year results of the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network (DRCR.net) Protocol S trial.

Recent findings
Number of ranibizumabs performed began to increase and number of PRPs performed began to decrease in 2016. After publication of the 2-year results, there was significant negative trend in PRP services and significant positive trend in ranibizumab services (both P < 0.001). After publication of the 5-year results, there was significant negative trend in PRP services (P = 0.003). There were significant negative trends (all P < 0.001) in reimbursement factors for PRP from 2013 to 2020: average work RVU (wRVU), nonfacility physical expense RVU, facility PE RVU, malpractice RVU (MP RVU).

Summary
Both PRP and ranibizumab have undergone numerous trials comparing their efficacy to other treatment options or no treatment at all. The publication of the 2-year results of Protocol S was associated with an increase in utilization of ranibizumab and decrease in utilization of PRP, with continued decrease after the publication of the 5-year results.
Shape-sensing Robotic-assisted Bronchoscopy (SS-RAB) in Sampling Peripheral Pulmonary Nodules
Authors: Xie Fangfang , Zhang Quncheng , Mu Chuanyong , Zhang Qin , Yang Huizhen , Mao Jingyu , Simoff Michael J. , Huang Jian’an , Zhang Xiaoju , Sun Jiayuan 
Published: August 2024

Background:
The ION system is a shape-sensing robotic-assisted bronchoscopy (SS-RAB) platform developed to biopsy peripheral pulmonary nodules (PPNs). There is a lack of data describing the use of this system in the Chinese population. The study aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of using SS-RAB to diagnose PPNs across multiple centers within China.

Methods:
This prospective, multicenter study used SS-RAB in consecutive patients with solid or sub-solid PPNs 8 to 30 mm in largest diameter. Primary endpoints were diagnostic yield and the rates of procedure- or device-related complications. Radial endobronchial ultrasound (rEBUS) was to confirm lesion localization, followed by sampling, using the Flexision biopsy needle, biopsy forceps, and cytology brush. Subjects with nonmalignant index biopsy results were followed up to 6 months.

Results:
A total of 90 PPNs were biopsied from 90 subjects across 3 centers using SS-RAB. The median nodule size was 19.4 mm (IQR: 19.3, 24.6) in the largest dimension. In all (100%) cases, the catheter successfully reached the target nodule with tissue samples obtained. The diagnostic yield was 87.8% with a sensitivity for malignancy of 87.7% (71/81). In a univariate analysis, nodule lobar location, presence of bronchus sign, and rEBUS view were associated with a diagnostic sample, but only rEBUS view showed an association in a multivariate analysis. The overall pneumothorax rate was 1.1% without pneumothorax requiring intervention, and there was no periprocedural bleeding.

Conclusion:
As an emerging technology in the Chinese population, SS-RAB can safely biopsy PPNs with strong diagnostic performance.