bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stronger together: Implementing patient-reported symptom tool in routine cancer care in diverse Asia—A multi-national pilot feasibility study (PROMiSE-Pilot).
Authors: Sitthideatphaiboon Piyada , Zaheed Milita , Co Jayson L. , Chua Kevin Lee Min , Malik Monica 
Published: August 2024

TPS180 Background: Patients diagnosed with cancer often experience disease or treatment-related symptoms, which can be under-elicited and under-appreciated by clinicians during time-poor consultations. This is particularly challenging in Asia where structural disparities in healthcare access mean oncology services are often under-resourced. Five oncologists from Thailand, India, Singapore, Philippines and Australia formed a working group as part of ASCO Asia-Pacific Leadership Development Program (LDP-AP). Systematic symptom monitoring using patient-reported outcomes measures (PROM) was identified as a potential solution to improve care in diverse Asian settings. PROM has demonstrated improved outcomes in Western settings but its utility in resource limited Asian contexts is less well established. A study was developed to evaluate the feasibility of implementing PROM in routine outpatient care across diverse cultural contexts in Asia. Methods: PROMiSE-Pilot is a prospective, multi-centre, feasibility study of integrating PROM in routine outpatient care across Asia. The Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale questionnaire (ESAS-r) was selected as the PROM tool. Clinicians in 4 hospitals in Singapore, Manila, Bangkok and Hyderabad will be invited to participate, and their patients will be invited to complete the ESAS-r on paper before each visit. The primary aim is to evaluate if proportion of patients who complete ≥5 of 10 items on ESAS-r is ≥85% (Clopper Pearson). Secondary aims include assessing proportion who complete ≥8 and all 10 items and perceived utility of ESAS-r evaluated through surveys adapted to measure patient and clinician satisfaction. Site-specific patient, clinician, administrative barriers and facilitators will be studied. A pragmatic approach to context-specific implementation was adopted with each site developing its own process map for delivering the pilot and adapting to local patient demographics (e.g. low literacy), cultural contexts and resources. Translated versions of ESAS-r were acquired where necessary. Recruitment commenced in March 2024 following ethics approval at 2 sites. 87 patient encounters have been captured from 5 participating clinicians in Singapore. 5 clinicians have agreed to participate in Bangkok. Target recruitment is 200 encounters per site. Multi-centre data will be presented at the Breakthrough congress. Clinicians from ASCO LDP-AP identified PROM as a low-cost but potentially high-value approach to improving quality of care in resource limited settings in Asia. Understanding the feasibility of such a tool is vital prior to consideration of wider scale adoption by stakeholders. This co-developed multi-national pilot additionally demonstrates the value of collaboration, our strength in diversity and a pragmatic model for investigator-initiated studies in Asia.
CORRECT-MRD I: A clinical validation study to predict recurrence in stage II-III colorectal cancer (CRC) using a bespoke circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assay to detect molecular residual disease (MRD).
Authors: Tsukada Yuichiro , Sagawa Tamotsu , Srinivasan Gopalakrishnan , Hubert Ayala , Purim Ofer , Semenisty Valeriya , Lo Nangi , Mondello Giuseppe , Cubillo Gracian Antonio , Marti Tara , Subramaniam Somasundaram , Palomares Melanie R. , Baehner Frederick , de Jong Floris A , Kerr David James , Yoshino Takayuki 
Published: August 2024

TPS98 Background: Despite standard of care management with surgery ± adjuvant chemotherapy treatment (ACT), >30% of patients (pts) with resectable CRC recur. The presence of ctDNA in plasma after resection and after ACT, has been shown to be a strong prognostic factor for the risk of recurrence, suggesting that the presence of ctDNA in blood is molecular evidence of residual disease. As such, ctDNA analysis may enable post-surgical risk stratification for ACT decision-making, as well as detection of molecular recurrence during surveillance and subsequent early intervention. The CORRECT-I study aims to validate the association of post-definitive therapy and pre-recurrence follow-up ctDNA positivity with recurrence-free interval (RFI) in pts who have undergone complete surgical resection for stage II or III CRC. Methods: This study is a prospective, observational, multicenter study, which is open in Israel, Italy, Japan, Spain, and the UK. Pts must have pathologically confirmed stage II or III CRC, have undergone complete surgical resection, and have tissue available from the primary resection. Pts may not have started ACT prior to baseline blood draw post-surgery. Pts are asked to provide serial whole blood specimens for ctDNA analysis at a) post-surgical baseline, b) pre-recurrence follow-up visits (max 15 blood draws over max 5 years), and c) clinical recurrence. ctDNA will be analyzed with an NGS-based tumor-informed MRD assay that identifies somatic genomic alterations from DNA derived from the patient’s tumor tissue and detects a selected subset of tumor-specific (bespoke) ctDNA in their blood. The primary objective of this study is to validate the association of post-definitive therapy and serial pre-recurrence follow-up ctDNA positivity with RFI, using a Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Further objectives include the assessment of sensitivity and specificity of the ctDNA assay, the association between ctDNA at individual timepoints and RFI, ctDNA dynamics and RFI, and the time from ctDNA positivity to clinical recurrence. A multivariable model, including ctDNA, clinicopathological risk features, serial serum CEA assessments, and recurrence risk as determined by the Oncotype Colon Recurrence Score will be fit with RFI as endpoint. The primary analysis will be conducted when ≥30 histologic and/or radiographic confirmed cases of clinical recurrence have been observed. As of April 2, 2024, 158 pts of 400 have been enrolled.
Spontaneous emergence of temporal structures in a continuously driven many-body system
Authors: Li Tingmei , Li Hong-Xia , Chen Yu-Hui , Zhang Xiangdong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The spontaneous emergence of temporal structures challenges the conventional understanding that systems governed by time-invariant laws remain unchanged over time. Recent experiments have observed this time translation symmetry breaking in quantum atomic systems that either exhibit strong atom-atom interactions or have low dissipation rates. While current theoretical frameworks reveal the importance of strong atom-atom interactions, they fall short in explaining this phenomenon observed in low-dissipation atomic systems. Here, we present a theoretical study on the spontaneous breaking of time translation symmetry in materials with low dissipation rates. By constructing phase diagrams for a system of four-level atoms driven by a continuous-wave optical field, we identify the essential requirements for self-sustained temporal motions. These include a driven open system, nonlinear interactions, and sufficient degrees of freedom that facilitate competing processes. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the emergence of spontaneous time translation symmetry breaking in these materials.
Equity considerations in clinical practice guidelines for traumatic brain injury and the criminal justice system: A systematic review
Authors: Colclough Zoe , Estrella Maria Jennifer , Joyce Julie Michele , Hanafy Sara , Babineau Jessica , Colantonio Angela , Chan Vincy 
Published: August 2024

Background
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is disproportionately prevalent among individuals who intersect or are involved with the criminal justice system (CJS). In the absence of appropriate care, TBI-related impairments, intersecting social determinants of health, and the lack of TBI awareness in CJS settings can lead to lengthened sentences, serious disciplinary charges, and recidivism. However, evidence suggests that most clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) overlook equity and consequently, the needs of disadvantaged groups. As such, this review addressed the research question “To what extent are (1) intersections with the CJS considered in CPGs for TBI, (2) TBI considered in CPGs for CJS, and (3) equity considered in CPGs for CJS?”.

Methods and findings
CPGs were identified from electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO), targeted websites, Google Search, and reference lists of identified CPGs on November 2021 and March 2023 (CPGs for TBI) and May 2022 and March 2023 (CPGs for CJS). Only CPGs for TBI or CPGs for CJS were included. We calculated the proportion of CPGs that included TBI- or CJS-specific content, conducted a qualitative content analysis to understand how evidence regarding TBI and the CJS was integrated in the CPGs, and utilised equity assessment tools to understand if and how equity was considered. Fifty-seven CPGs for TBI and 6 CPGs for CJS were included in this review. Fourteen CPGs for TBI included information relevant to the CJS, but only 1 made a concrete recommendation to consider legal implications during vocational evaluation in the forensic context. Two CPGs for CJS acknowledged the prevalence of TBI among individuals in prison and one specifically recommended considering TBI during health assessments. Both CPGs for TBI and CPGs for CJS provided evidence specific to a single facet of the CJS, predominantly in policing and corrections. The use of equity best practices and the involvement of disadvantaged groups in the development process were lacking among CPGs for CJS. We acknowledge limitations of the review, including that our searches were conducted in English language and thus, we may have missed other non-English language CPGs in this review. We further recognise that we are unable to comment on evidence that is not integrated in the CPGs, as we did not systematically search for research on individuals with TBI who intersect with the CJS, outside of CPGs.

Conclusions
Findings from this review provide the foundation to consider CJS involvement in CPGs for TBI and to advance equity in CPGs for CJS. Conducting research, including investigating the process of screening for TBI with individuals who intersect with all facets of the CJS, and utilizing equity assessment tools in guideline development are critical steps to enhance equity in healthcare for this disadvantaged group.
Length of hospital stay and associated factors among adult surgical patients admitted to surgical wards in Amhara Regional State Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, Ethiopia
Authors: Hurisa Dadi Habtamu , Habte Netsanet , Mulu Yenework 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Hospitals across the country are facing increases in hospital length of stay ranging from 2% to 14%. This results in patients who stay in hospital for long periods of time being three times more likely to die in hospital. Therefore, identifying factors that contribute to longer hospital stays enhances the ability to improve services and quality of patient care. However, there is limited documented evidence on factors associated with longer hospital stays among surgical inpatients in Ethiopia and the study area.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the length of hospital stay and associated factors among adult surgical patients admitted to surgical wards in Amhara Regional State Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, Ethiopia, 2023.

Methods
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 452 adult surgical patients from April 17 to May 22, 2023. Data were collected based on a pretested, structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire, medical record review, and direct measurement of BMI. Study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. The collected data were cleaned, entered into EpiData version 4.6.0 and exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was used. Variables with a p value <0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression analysis were considered statistically significant.

Results
In the current study, the prevalence of prolonged hospital stay was 26.5% (95% CI: 22.7, 30.8). Patients referred from another public health facility (AOR = 2.65; 95% CI: 1.14, 6.14), hospital-acquired pneumonia (AOR = 3.64; 95% CI: 1.43, 9.23), duration of surgery ≥110 minutes (AOR = 2.54; 95% CI: 1.25, 5.16), being underweight (AOR = 5.21; 95%CI: 2.63, 10.33) and preoperative anemia (AOR = 3.22; 95% CI: 1.77, 5.86) were factors associated with prolonged hospital stays.

Conclusion
This study found a significant proportion of prolonged hospital stays among patients admitted to surgical wards. Patients referred from another public health facility, preoperative anemia, underweight, duration of surgery ≥110 minutes, and hospital-acquired pneumonia were factors associated with prolonged hospital stay. Early screening and treatment of anemia and malnutrition before surgery can shorten the length of stay.
Racial/ethnic differences in pre-pregnancy conditions and adverse maternal outcomes in the nuMoM2b cohort: A population-based cohort study
Authors: Meredith Meghan E. , Steimle Lauren N. , Stanhope Kaitlyn K. , Platner Marissa H. , Boulet Sheree L. 
Published: August 2024

Objectives
To determine how pre-existing conditions contribute to racial disparities in adverse maternal outcomes and incorporate these conditions into models to improve risk prediction for racial minority subgroups.

Study design
We used data from the “Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-be (nuMoM2b)" observational cohort study. We defined multimorbidity as the co-occurrence of two or more pre-pregnancy conditions. The primary outcomes of interest were severe preeclampsia, postpartum readmission, and blood transfusion during pregnancy or up to 14 days postpartum. We used weighted Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate adjusted risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals, and we used mediation analysis to evaluate the contribution of the combined effects of pre-pregnancy conditions to racial/ethnic disparities. We also evaluated the predictive performance of our regression models by racial subgroup using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) metric.

Results
In the nuMoM2b cohort (n = 8729), accounting for pre-existing conditions attenuated the association between non-Hispanic Black race/ethnicity and risk of severe preeclampsia. Cardiovascular and kidney conditions were associated with risk for severe preeclampsia among all women (aRR, 1.77; CI, 1.61–1.96, and aRR, 1.27; CI, 1.03–1.56 respectively). The mediation analysis results were not statistically significant; however, cardiovascular conditions explained 36.6% of the association between non-Hispanic Black race/ethnicity and severe preeclampsia (p = 0.07). The addition of pre-pregnancy conditions increased model performance for the prediction of severe preeclampsia.

Conclusions
Pre-existing conditions may explain some of the association between non-Hispanic Black race/ethnicity and severe preeclampsia. Specific pre-pregnancy conditions were associated with adverse maternal outcomes and the incorporation of comorbidities improved the performance of most risk prediction models.
Effects of light curing on silver diamine fluoride-treated carious lesions: A systematic review
Authors: Min Saw Nay , Duangthip Duangporn , Detsomboonrat Palinee 
Published: August 2024

Objective
This systematic review aims to evaluate the potential benefits and underlying mechanisms of combining SDF with light curing, based on available studies.

Materials and methods
A systematic search of publications was conducted with the keywords “silver diamine fluoride” or “silver fluoride” and “dental light curing,” “LED curing,” “dental laser,” and “dental polymerization” in 4 databases: PubMed, EBSCO, Scopus, and Google Scholar to identify English-language articles published up to March 2023. Duplicate publications were deleted. Two reviewers screened the titles and abstracts and excluded irrelevant publications. The full text of the remaining publications was retrieved. Studies investigating the effect of light-curing on SDF-treated carious lesions were included.

Results
The 175 publications initially found included 5 laboratory studies investigating the effects of light curing on 38% SDF-treated dentine carious lesions, but no clinical study was found. Four of these studies were conducted on extracted primary teeth, and one was on extracted permanent teeth. SDF with light curing increased microhardness (n = 3, p < .05) showed a higher mineral density (n = 1, p < .041) and had more silver ion precipitation in infected dentine (n = 1, p < .016) compared to SDF without light curing. Moreover, no significant differences in the antibacterial activity were observed between SDF with light curing and SDF alone (n = 1, p > .05).

Conclusion
Drawing from the limited number of laboratory studies, incorporating light curing subsequent to the SDF application yields potential favorable outcomes that include augmented microhardness, elevated mineral density, and heightened silver ion precipitation within infected dentine. Future clinical research is required to confirm or refute the benefit of light curing on SDF-treated carious lesions.
Development of a Global Physical Literacy (GloPL) Action Framework: Study protocol for a consensus process
Authors: Carl Johannes , Mazzoli Emiliano , Mouton Alexandre , Sum Raymond Kim-Wai , Singh Amika , Niederberger Marlen , Martins João , Kriellaars Dean , Green Nigel , Elsborg Peter , Dudley Dean A. , Cairney John , Barratt Jaime , Barnett Lisa M. 
Published: August 2024

Background
The holistic concept of physical literacy (PL) has gained growing attention in recent research, policy, and practice. Many important policy documents of the physical activity and educational fields (e.g., Global Action Plan on Physical Activity 2018–2030 by the World Health Organization, UNESCO’s Quality Physical Education guidelines for policymakers) have specified PL. However, a clear framework for action is needed, as most initiatives across the world are fragmented, lack a prospective orientation, can benefit from conceptual clarification, and are not linked to effective translation into practice. Therefore, we aim to consensually develop a Global Physical Literacy (GloPL) Action Framework to define goals and principles (asking what is needed) as well as actions and ways (asking how these can be achieved) to move PL forward.

Materials and methods
We apply a three-stage group Delphi technique involving three representation groups: (a) geographical representatives to achieve global coverage of perspectives; (b) representatives of special thematic interest reflecting prominent gaps of current PL activities; and (c) representatives of societies from the broad field of physical activity and health to facilitate dissemination. The process will begin with an individual pre-Delphi exercise, in which experts generate initial ideas for the framework, followed by a four-eye document analysis to derive themes for the discussion. Subsequently, the experts will meet face-to-face in three online rounds to discuss and prioritize the themes. Interspersed formal voting with pre-defined agreement thresholds (via descriptive statistics) will inform the inclusion of themes within the final framework.

Conclusions
A global consensus on goals, principles, actions, and ways for the development of PL has the potential to provide a largely accepted roadmap for future activities in research, policy, and practice. The co-production approach will help disseminate the GloPL Action Framework and benefit work in relevant application fields of physical activity and health worldwide.
High-performing teams: Is collective intelligence the answer?
Authors: Rowe Luke I. , Hattie John , Munro John 
Published: August 2024

Background/objectives
The concept of a general factor of collective intelligence, proposed by Woolley et al. in 2010, has spurred interest in understanding collective intelligence within small groups. This study aims to extend this investigation by examining the validity of a general collective intelligence factor, assessing its underlying factor structure, and evaluating its utility in predicting performance on future group problem-solving tasks and academic outcomes.

Methods
Employing a correlational study design, we engaged 85 university students in a series of complex cognitive tasks designed to measure collective intelligence through individual, group, and predictive phases.

Results
Contrary to the hypothesized single-factor model, our findings favor a two-factor model influenced by Cattell’s theory of crystalized and fluid intelligence. These two factors accounted for substantial variance in group performance outcomes, challenging the prevailing single-factor model. Notably, the predictive validity of these factors on group assignments was statistically significant, with both individual and collective intelligence measures correlating moderately with group assignment scores (rs = .40 to .47, p < .05).

Conclusions
Our research suggests that collective intelligence in small group settings may not be uniformly governed by a single factor but rather by multiple dimensions that reflect established theories of individual intelligence. This nuanced understanding of collective intelligence could have significant implications for enhancing group performance in both educational and organizational contexts. Future research should explore these dimensions and their independent contributions to group dynamics and outcomes.
Three months use of Hybrid Closed Loop Systems improves glycated hemoglobin levels in adolescents and children with type 1 diabetes: A meta-analysis
Authors: WANG Yuan-yuan , YING Hui-min , TIAN Fang , QIAN Xiao-lu , Zhou Zhen-feng 
Published: August 2024

Background
Longer outpatient studies have demonstrated that hybrid closed loop (HCL) use has led to a concomitant reduction in glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c) by 0.3%–0.7%. However, reports have also indicated that HbA1c levels are not declined in the long-term use of HCL. Therefore, we wonder that 3 months use of HCL could improve glycated hemoglobin levels in adolescents and children with T1D.

Methods
Relevant studies were searched electronically in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase utilizing the key words “Pediatrics or Child or Adolescent”, “Insulin Infusion Systems” and “Diabetes Mellitus” from inception to 17th March 2024 to evaluate the performance of HCL on HbA1c in adolescents, and children with T1D.

Results
Nine studies involving 927 patients were identified. Three months use of HCL show a beneficial effect on HbA1c management (p <0.001) as compared to standard of care in adolescents and children with T1D, without evidence of heterogeneity between articles (I2 = 40%, p = 0.10). HCL did significantly increase the overall average percentage of hypoglycemic time between 70 and 180 mg/dL (TIR) (p <0.001; I2 = 51%). HCL did not show a beneficial effect on hypoglycemic time <70 mg/dL and <54 mg/dL (p >0.05). The overall percentage of hyperglycemic time was significantly decreased in HCL group compared to the control group when it was defined as >180 mg/dL (p <0.001; I2 = 83%), >250 mg/dL (p = 0.007, I2 = 86%) and >300 mg/dL (p = 0.005; I2 = 76%). The mean glucose level was significantly decreased by HCL (p <0.001; I2 = 58%), however, no significant difference was found in coefficient of variation of sensor glucose (p = 0.82; I2 = 71%) and daily insulin dose (p = 0.94; I2 <0.001) between the HCL group and the control group.

Conclusions
HCL had a beneficial effect on HbA1c management and TIR without increased hypoglycemic time as compared to standard of care in adolescents and children with T1D when therapy duration of HCL was not less than three months.

Trial number and registry URL
CRD42022367493; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, Principal investigator: Zhen-feng Zhou, Date of registration: October 30, 2022.