bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fucosterol Inhibits Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression and Promotes Type‐1 Procollagen Production in UVB‐induced HaCaT Cells
Authors: Kim Myung‐Suk , Oh Ga‐Hui , Kim Min‐Ji , Hwang Jae‐Kwan 
Published: February 2013

AbstractUltraviolet (UV) radiation damages human skin and causes skin diseases such as epidermal hyperplasia, sunburn, inflammatory responses and photoaging. Photoaging is associated with upregulated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression and downregulated collagen synthesis. Fucosterol, which is isolated from marine brown algae, has been reported to possess antioxidant and anticancer activities; however, its effects on photoaging are unknown. This study assessed the effects of fucosterol on photoaging and investigated its mechanisms of action in UV‐irradiated immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT) by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, semi‐quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis and 2′,7′‐dichlorofluorescein diacetate assay. Our results showed that fucosterol attenuated UV‐induced MMP and inflammatory cytokine expression by deactivating mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) induced by reactive oxygen species. Fucosterol also increased type‐I procollagen and antioxidant enzyme expression. Taken together, fucosterol regulates the expression of MMPs and type‐I procollagen in UV‐irradiated HaCaT by modulating MAPK, suggesting it as a potential candidate for prevention and treatment of skin aging.
The ethylene receptor ETR1 is required for Fusarium oxysporum pathogenicity
Authors: Pantelides I. S. , Tjamos S. E. , Pappa S. , Kargakis M. , Paplomatas E. J. 
Published: February 2013

Fusarium oxysporum is a ubiquitous vascular wilt plant pathogen causing severe yield losses in a wide range of economically important crops. In this study, the interaction between Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. raphani and Arabidopsis thaliana plants impaired in the salicylate (SA), jasmonate (JA) and ethylene (ET) defence signalling pathways was investigated to better understand the nature of this plant–microbe interaction. The in planta bioassays revealed a key role for the ETR1 receptor as the etr1‐1 mutant plants exhibited statistically less Fusarium wilt symptoms compared to the other mutant and Col‐0 plants. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis associated the decrease in symptom severity shown in etr1‐1 plants with reduced vascular growth of the pathogen, suggesting the activation of defence mechanisms in etr1‐1 plants against F. oxysporum. Furthermore, the early activation and increased accumulation of the SA‐responsive PR1, PR2 and PR5 genes in the etr1‐1 plants, in contrast to the Col‐0 plants that showed higher transcript levels of the JA/ET‐responsive PR3, PR4 and PDF1.2 genes after F. oxysporum inoculation, can lead to speculation that F. oxysporum hijacks ETR1‐mediated ethylene signalling to promote disease development in plants.
Neural correlates of behavioral variation in healthy adults' antisaccade performance
Authors: Schaeffer David J. , Amlung Michael T. , Li Qingyang , Krafft Cynthia E. , Austin Benjamin P. , Dyckman Kara A. , McDowell Jennifer E. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractCognitive control is required for correct antisaccade performance. High antisaccade error rates characterize certain psychiatric disorders, but can be highly variable, even among healthy groups. Antisaccade data were acquired from a large sample of healthy undergraduates, and error rate was quantified. Participants who reliably made few errors (good, n = 13) or many errors (poor, n = 13) were recruited back to perform antisaccades during fMRI acquisition. A data‐derived model was used to compare signal between good and poor performers during blocks of antisaccade trials. Behaviorally derived regressors were used to compare signal between good and poor performers during correct and error trials. Results show differential activation in middle frontal gyrus and inferior parietal lobule between good and poor performers, suggesting that failure to recruit these top‐down control regions corresponds to poor antisaccade performance in healthy young adults.
I'm too calm—Let's take a risk! On the impact of state and trait arousal on risk taking
Authors: Schmidt Barbara , Mussel Patrick , Hewig Johannes 
Published: February 2013

AbstractTheories of an optimal level of arousal suggest that underaroused humans seek stimulation to enhance their arousal. One way to increase arousal is risky behavior during gambling. In the current study, we show that the lower the participants' resting arousal, measured via resting heart rate, the riskier they acted in a gamble and the faster they responded, indicating less impulse control. Participants with low resting heart rate also perceived the risk options in the gamble as less arousing and less risky compared to participants with higher resting heart rate. Partial correlations show that resting heart rate, risk behavior, and ratings were interrelated. After physical exercise, participants tended to behave less risky in the gamble compared to a control condition without exercise. Thus, both trait and state arousal effects indicate an inverse relationship of arousal and risky behavior.
X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis single nucleotide polymorphisms and copy number variation are not risk factors for asthma
Authors: Roscioli Eugene , Hamon Rhys , Ruffin Richard E. , Zalewski Peter , Grant Janet , Lester Susan 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackground and objectiveAberrant apoptosis in asthma contributes to airway inflammation. Early apoptosis and fragility of airway epithelial cells and delayed apoptosis of inflammatory lymphocytes can cooperate to increase airway inflammation. In this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and copy number variation (CNV) in the Baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis protein repeat‐containing 4 (BIRC4) gene (which encodes X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein) were evaluated for associations with asthma.MethodsAsthma cases (n = 203) were identified from Caucasian cohort participants in the North West Adelaide Health Study and matched with 198 controls. Asthma status was defined using self‐report of doctor‐diagnosed asthma, in conjunction with spirometry and bronchodilator response. Seven SNPs, which spanned the entire BIRC4 gene, were selected for the study on the basis of a haplotype tagging approach. SNPs genotyping was performed on the SEQUENOM MassARRAY iPLEX Gold platform, and genotyping success rate was > 98%. BIRC4 gene CNV was measured using a duplex Taqman qPCR assay, with RNAseP as the reference gene. Alleles and haplotype associations were analysed by logistic regression, assuming an additive genetic model, and adjusted for gender and atopy.ResultsBIRC4 gene copy number was determined entirely by gender. All SNPs were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium for both case and control females. BIRC4 allele and haplotype frequencies were comparable between asthma cases and controls.ConclusionsThere is no evidence of CNV in BIRC4, and BIRC4 is not a susceptibility gene for asthma.
Perspective in Africana Feminism; Exploring Expressions of Black Feminism/Womanism in the African Diaspora
Authors: Norwood Carolette 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis paper discusses perspectives in Africana feminist thought. While, not an exhaustive review of the entire diaspora, three regions are discussed: Africa, North America, and the Caribbean. Despite great cultural diversity between and within these geographies, there are, too, great commonalities in Africana women’s lived experience under colonialism and slavery. It is these shared experiences that helped shaped and develop this distinct brand of feminism, which is universally concerned with the ways women manage and challenge multiple oppressions.Additionally, the feminism that emerged out these experiences is fundamentally commissioned with the task of breaking down and deconstructing racist and sexist ideologies that devalue their humanity. This brand of feminism is, likewise, charged with the duty of transforming societies through both intellectual and pragmatic approaches. Across Africa and her diaspora, Africana women share a rich and powerful history of resistance, despite attempts to silence and make them invisible.
A Review of the Evidence on Technology‐Based Interventions for the Treatment of Tobacco Dependence in College Health
Authors: Brown Joanne 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe college years are a critical time in the development of smoking behavior and tobacco use. Smoking is linked to 30% of cancer deaths, 80% of deaths from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and early cardiovascular disease and death. Effective cessation interventions at this time provide an opportunity to drastically reduce premature morbidity and mortality.AimsTo review available evidence on Internet interventions with young adults, including methodology, theoretical frameworks and outcome measures for tobacco treatment to guide the development of a program in college health.MethodsA comprehensive literature search for studies published from January 1999 to February 2011, in multiple databases was conducted, along with hand‐searching of reference lists. Inclusion criteria were: participants aged 18–30 years, intervention involved the Internet through either Web sites or e‐mail or texting, and outcome measurement of tobacco cessation/abstinence. Studies were evaluated utilizing a tool synthesized from guidelines presented by the Cochrane Collaboration.FindingsEight studies met the inclusion criteria (four randomized controlled trials, four cohort studies). Theoretical frameworks utilized were the Transtheoretical Model of Change, Health Belief Model, Theory of Social Support, and social cognitive theory. Interventions varied and included computer‐generated advice letters, Web‐based cessation guides, computer‐generated text messages, and peer e‐mail support. With smoking abstinence as the primary outcome measure, there was a statistically significant improvement in quit rates. Because of the use of multiple components, differences in interventions and the number of contacts, it is not clear what types of computer‐based applications are most effective. Small sample sizes, lack of control groups, and inconsistency in outcome measures limit the ability to provide conclusive evidence to support these interventions—but support the feasibility to use in the design of future programs.ConclusionsUse of technology‐based interventions, such as the Internet, may be an effective tool for tobacco treatment interventions, especially with college students. There is great potential to reach large numbers of students, many who may not identify themselves as smokers or seek traditional methods for treatment. Additional research is needed to determine which technology‐based interventions are most effective and to provide more conclusive evidence.
Kv3 channel assembly, trafficking and activity are regulated by zinc through different binding sites
Authors: Gu Yuanzheng , Barry Joshua , Gu Chen 
Published: February 2013

Key points
Kv3 channels play a critical role in neuronal fast spiking and their regulation can profoundly influence the functions of various neural circuits.
Zinc reversibly inhibits fast spiking in cultured neurons by inhibiting Kv3 channels. Surprisingly, we found that the zinc inhibition is not through its known site in the N‐terminal T1 domain of Kv3.1.
We have identified a new zinc‐binding site in the Kv3.1 C‐terminus, involved in regulating channel activity and targeting, but not the zinc inhibition.
We have also identified the junction between the first transmembrane segment and the first extracellular loop as the major zinc‐sensing site in regulating Kv3 activity. This result allows us to reconstitute zinc‐resistant fast spiking.
Kv3 channel assembly, localization and activity are regulated by zinc through intracellular and extracellular binding sites.
Abstract  Zinc, a divalent heavy metal ion and an essential mineral for life, regulates synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability via ion channels. However, its binding sites and regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we report that Kv3 channel assembly, localization and activity are regulated by zinc through different binding sites. Local perfusion of zinc reversibly reduced spiking frequency of cultured neurons most likely by suppressing Kv3 channels. Indeed, zinc inhibited Kv3.1 channel activity and slowed activation kinetics, independent of its site in the N‐terminal T1 domain. Biochemical assays surprisingly identified a novel zinc‐binding site in the Kv3.1 C‐terminus, critical for channel activity and axonal targeting, but not for the zinc inhibition. Finally, mutagenesis revealed an important role of the junction between the first transmembrane (TM) segment and the first extracellular loop in sensing zinc. Its mutant enabled fast spiking with relative resistance to the zinc inhibition. Therefore, our studies provide novel mechanistic insights into the multifaceted regulation of Kv3 channel activity and localization by divalent heavy metal ions.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Human Enterovirus 85 (HEV85) Recombinant with an Unknown New Serotype HEV-B Donor Sequence Isolated from a Child with Acute Flaccid Paralysis
Authors: Sun Qiang , Zhang Yong , Cui Hui , Zhu Shuangli , Zhu Zhen , Huang Guohong , Li Xiaolei , Zhang Bo , Yan Dongmei , An Hongqiu , Xu Wenbo 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
A Chinese human enterovirus 85 (HEV85) isolate, HTYT-ARL-AFP02F/XJ/CHN/2011, was isolated from a stool specimen of a child with acute flaccid paralysis in Xinjiang, China, in 2011. The complete genome sequence revealed that a natural intertypic recombination event had occurred between HEV85 and a previously undescribed serotype of HEV-B.
Genome Sequence of the Acidophilic Bacterium
Acidocella
sp. Strain MX-AZ02
Authors: Servín-Garcidueñas Luis E. , Garrett Roger A. , Amils Ricardo , Martínez-Romero Esperanza 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Acidocella
sp. strain MX-AZ02, an acidophilic and heterotrophic alphaproteobacterium isolated from a geothermal lake in western Mexico.
Complete Genome Sequence of the
Crocuta crocuta
Papillomavirus Type 1 (CcrPV1) from a Spotted Hyena, the First Papillomavirus Characterized in a Member of the
Hyaenidae
Authors: Stevens Hans , Heylen Elisabeth , De Keyser Karlien , Maes Roger , Kiupel Matti , Wise Annabel , Nelson Keith , Holekamp Kay , Engh Anne , McKnight Christy , Van Ranst Marc , Rector Annabel 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT

We report the complete genomic sequence of the
Crocuta crocuta
papillomavirus type 1 (CcrPV1), isolated from an oral papillomatous lesion of a wild spotted hyena. This virus is the first papillomavirus found in a species belonging to the
Hyaenidae
family of carnivores, and it can be classified in the genus
Lambdapapillomavirus
.
Genome Sequence of a Novel Virus of the Species Human Adenovirus D Associated with Acute Gastroenteritis
Authors: Matsushima Yuki , Shimizu Hideaki , Kano Atsuko , Nakajima Etsuko , Ishimaru Yoko , Dey Shuvra Kanti , Watanabe Yuki , Adachi Fuyuka , Mitani Kohnosuke , Fujimoto Tsuguto , Phan Tung Gia , Ushijima Hiroshi 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
A novel virus of the species human adenovirus D, HAdV-67 (P-New/H9/F25), was first isolated from diarrheal feces of six children in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. The genome of this novel virus may be composed of multiple recombinations among HAdV-9, HAdV-25, HAdV-26, HAdV-33, HAdV-46, and an unknown human adenovirus D which was an origin of HAdV-67.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Piezophilic, Mesophilic, Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium Desulfovibrio hydrothermalis AM13
T
Authors: Ji Boyang , Gimenez Gregory , Barbe Valérie , Vacherie Benoît , Rouy Zoé , Amrani Amira , Fardeau Marie-Laure , Bertin Philippe , Alazard Didier , Leroy Sabine , Talla Emmanuel , Ollivier Bernard , Dolla Alain , Pradel Nathalie 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT

Desulfovibrio hydrothermalis
AM13
T
is a piezophilic, mesophilic, hydrogenotrophic sulfate-reducing bacterium collected from a deep-sea hydrothermal chimney on the East Pacific Rise (2,600 m depth, 13°N). We report the genome sequence of this bacterium, which includes a 3,702,934-bp chromosome and a circular plasmid of 5,328 bp.
Genome Sequence of
Alcaligenes
sp. Strain HPC1271
Authors: Kapley Atya , Sagarkar Sneha , Tanksale Himgouri , Sharma Nandita , Qureshi Asifa , Khardenavis Anshuman , Purohit Hemant J. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT

We report a draft genome sequence of
Alcaligenes
sp. strain HPC1271, which demonstrates antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Antibiotic production by
Alcaligenes
has not been frequently reported, and hence, the availability of the genome sequence should enable us to explore new antibiotic-producing gene clusters.
A STUDY OF SOCIOECONOMIC DISADVANTAGE AND END-OF-LIFE HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS FOR OLDER PEOPLE WITH HEART FAILURE AND LUNG CANCER IN ENGLAND
Authors: Hanratty B , Lowson E , Grande G , Addington-Hall J , Seymour J , Payne S 
Published: February 2013

IntroductionAt the end of life, a move into or out of hospital is one of the most disruptive events for older adults and their carers, with consequences for their mental, physical and emotional wellbeing. Evidence from elsewhere suggests that transitions are frequent and make little contribution to patients' wellbeing. Little is known about socioeconomic differences in end of life hospital admissions in England.Aims and MethodsTo investigate patterns of end-of-life hospital admissions by socioeconomic disadvantage. Analysis of linked hospital episode statistics and mortality data for England.ResultsBetween 2001 and 2010, 300,304 people aged over 75 were admitted to hospital in England at least once in their last year of life with a diagnosis of lung cancer or heart failure. Eighty five percent of people admitted with lung cancer and 72% of heart failure cases underwent a transition into hospital in the last 3 months of life. In multivariate analysis, lower socioeconomic status (given by the index of multiple deprivation) being male and younger age were associated with frequent hospital admissions amongst people with heart failure (above the 90th centile). For lung cancer cases, younger age and male sex were associated with numbers of admissions above the 90th centile. People with lung cancer in the most disadvantaged IMD quintile were less likely to be admitted frequently, adjusting for age and sex. Residence in a care home was not associated with frequent admissions to hospital.ConclusionsHospital admissions at the end of life are frequent, and vary with social disadvantage. Equitable end-of-life care in the community should be a future priority.
Ahmed Deedat, Internationalisation, and Transformations of Islamic Polemic
Authors: Sadouni Samadia 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The South African preacher, Ahmed Deedat, has developed a specific discourse on the nature of relations between Muslims and Other religions through polemic and public debates. This paper describes the mechanisms of the circulation of his thought and activities and its political character. Deedat is a relevant actor in ‘Muslim politics’ who has not been thoroughly studied in the field of Muslim proselytism. His political activities were inscribed first in the long history of munazara (debate, dispute) in India and then in the desire to internationalise his religious ideas in public platforms and media. His ideology has also been reappropriated by other television preachers, especially in Mumbai, through the example of Zakir Naïk. The historical and the political approaches of this paper provide a better understanding of the internationalisation and transformations of Islamic polemics.
Evaluation of the WRF PBL Parameterizations for Marine Boundary Layer Clouds: Cumulus and Stratocumulus
Authors: Huang Hsin-Yuan , Hall Alex , Teixeira Joao 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The performance of five boundary layer parameterizations in the Weather Research and Forecasting Model is examined for marine boundary layer cloud regions running in single-column mode. Most parameterizations show a poor agreement of the vertical boundary layer structure when compared with large-eddy simulation models. These comparisons against large-eddy simulation show that a parameterization based on the eddy-diffusivity/mass-flux approach provides a better performance. The results also illustrate the key role of boundary layer parameterizations in model performance.
Exploring the Beneficiaries: A Gendered Peep into the Institution of Niyoga in Early India
Authors: Sahgal Smita 
Published: February 2013

In patriarchal societies around the world the absence of a male issue has been regarded a serious social aberration. Alternatives have been worked out to surmount the problem. Early Indian literature apprises us of one such option; niyoga or levirate wherein a widow or the wife of an impotent man was temporarily made to cohabit with a designated man in order to procure a son who would be regarded as the son of his mother’s legal husband. It clearly came within the fold of apaddharam or the law of exigency, something that could be resorted to only in the time of emergency. There seems to be a divergence of views in the narrative tradition and normative [ shastriya] literature on the issue of its genesis and purpose. But what comes out clearly is that niyoga was hailed as a ‘strategy of heirship’. The article intends to look at the trajectory of the practice in ancient and early medieval India from the vantage of principal female actors. A host of queries would be taken up. It would be worth dwelling upon the issue of its sustainability and popularity; whether the practice of niyoga was designed to benefit a particular section of the society or was meant for larger social good. Did the practice of niyoga bring women some solace or turned out to be an exploitative way of controlling their sexuality? Did the woman have the right to reject it or enter in out of their volition? How did men negotiate this practice? Did it bruise their masculinity or repair, at least in some cases? Did the practice also have caste and class angles to it? Can we detect divergence in the views of Brahman theoreticians and members of other castes such as kshatriyas for whom its practical application amounted to a survival tactic? Who eventually stood to gain from the practice and its eventual fading away? What was the legal and social status of the daughter born of such unions? We shall take up these issues for analysis in the article.