bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biogeozönologische Untersuchungen der Steppenwüsten und Wüstensteppen der nördlichen Gobi1)
Authors: Borisova I. V. , Popova T. A. 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungIn den Steppenwüsten der nördlichen Gobi wurden 2 Biogeozönosen untersucht (die Steppenwüsten‐ und die Wüstensteppen biogeozönose), welche für die Pflanzendecke vom Somon Bulgan (Süd‐Gobi‐Aimak, MVR) typisch sind. Es wurden einzelne biogeozönotische Komponenten und ihre Wechselbeziehungen betrachtet, außerdem wurde eine vergleichende Analyse beider Biogeozönosen durchgeführt.Es wurden folgende Komponenten der Biogeozönosen erforscht: Mikroklima (Luft‐ und Bodentemperatur, Niederschläge u. a.), Boden (vertikale und horizontale Struktur, mechanische und chemische Zusammensetzung, Humus‐, Nährstoff‐ und Karbonatgehalt, Bodenfeuchtigkeit u. a.), Phytozönose (floristische Zusammensetzung, Anzahl der Komponenten, phänologische Entwicklung, Produktivität, Samenproduktion und Zönopopulationen der wichtigsten Arten, Synusienstrukturen u. a.), Mikrobozönose (Zusammensetzung, Anzahl der Mikroorganismen u. a., Tiere (Säugetiere, Reptilien, bodenbewohnende Wirbellose, Zusammensetzung, ökologische und biologische Besonderheiten usw.). Es wurden für jede Komponente die Zusammensetzung ihrer Strukturelemente (rangmäßig) und funtionelle Zusammenhänge festgestellt. Die verschiedenen Komponenten wurden in unterschiedlichem Maße untersucht, was mit der Teilnahme von Fachleuten an den Untersuchungen und dem Entwicklungsgrad der entsprechenden Wissenschaften zusammenhängt. In der gegenwärtigen Periode der biogeozönotischen Untersuchung wird die weitere Synthese der Angaben durch diesen Umstand erschwert. Einige Wechselbeziehungen der biogeozönotischen Komponenten wurden trotzdem festgestellt. Das ermöglichte auch die Bestimmung einiger Besonderheiten der vertikalen und temporalen biogeozönotischen Strukturen (bzw. biogeozönotischen Horizonte und Saisonzustände und ihre Aufeinanderfolge). Die horizontale Struktur wurde dagegen nicht für alle biogeozönotischen Komponenten, sondern nur für Boden und Vegetation bestimmt. Die biologische Bodenaktivität diente bei der Untersuchung als ein integraler Index des wechselseitigen Zusammenhangs der einzelnen biogeozönotischen Komponenten.Die vergleichende Untersuchung der Wüsten‐ und Steppenbiogeozönose zeigte, daß trotz einiger Ähnlichkeiten wesentliche Unterschiede bestehen.
Die Gebirgswaldsteppe des Ost‐Changai als Ökosystem1)
Authors: Bannikova Irina A. 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Changai‐Wuldsteppe wird als ein kompliziertes offenes Biogeosysteni mit charakteristischer zellenariger Struktur betrachtet, das durch den Strukturplan des Gebirgsterritoriums sowie durch Gradienten der hydrothermischen Merkmale der dieses System bildenden ”Zellen“ determiniert ist. Die Ganzheit der Waldsteppe als ökologisches System wird durch die Verbundenheit zahlreicher sie bildender Biogeozönosen bestimmt, wobei diese Verbundenheit durch laterale Ströme des Stoffes gewährleistet wird, die als vertikale und horizontale Achsen eines räumlichen ”ökologischen Gitters” verlaufen. Die stoffliche und energetische Charakteristik der Biogeozönosen verändert sich gesetzmäßig längs der hydrothermischen Gradienten des Territoriums und widerspiegelt die Determiniertheit ihres Metabolismus durch Wasser‐Wärme‐Information der Gebirgs‐”Zellen“. Als Merkmal der Spezialisierung der Biogeozönosen hinsichtlich verschiedener Teile des hydrothermischen Gradienten wird die Biomasse und die Produktion verschiedener Pflanzengesellschaften betrachtet, die die Mosaikstruktur der Pflanzendecke der Waldsteppe im Ost‐Changai bilden.
Die Regelung des Wasserhaushalts der Pflanzen unter den ökologischen Bedingungen des Ost‐Changai (MVR)1)
Authors: Izmajlova N. N. 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Untersuchungen zum Wasserhaushalt dominanter und charakteristischer Arten von Steppenpflanzengesellsehaften des Ost‐Changai zeigten individuelle Unterschiede in der Regelung des Wasserunisatzes der Pflanzen. Diese Unterschiede üben einen großen Einfluß auf die Widerstandskraft einer Art aus. Unter konkreten Umweltverhältnissen einer Phytozönose haben die größte Widerstandskraft die Arten mit der größten Variabilität der Wasserhaushaltskennwerte, besonders der Transpirationsintensität und des osmotischen Drucks des Zellsafts.Die Regelung des Wasserumsatzes einer Pflanzengesellschaft wird durch verschiedene Regelungsmöglichkeiten der Pflanzen gesichert. Unter ungünstigen Umweltbedingungen erfolgt diese Regelung durch die Abnahme der Transpiration und des effektiven Wasserverbrauchs. Dies kommt durch die zunehmende Anzahl der gering transpirierenden Arten zustande. In den Steppenpflanzengesellschaften des Ost‐Changai sind es ausdauernde Horstgräser. Ihre Bedeutung für die entsprechenden Pflanzengesellschaften nimmt mit zunehmender Aridität der Standortsverhältnisse qualitativ und quantitativ zu.
Elevated care at home: An alternative to traditional levels of care
Authors: Downing Emily R. , Castro‐Pearson Sandra R. , Sidebottom Abbey C. , Sielaff Timothy D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundElevated care at home (ECH) is a novel in‐home care model supporting early hospital discharge and providing an alternative to institutional postacute care.ObjectivesThis study compares patient characteristics, mortality, and readmission outcomes of hospitalized patients who transitioned to ECH to patients who transitioned to skilled nursing facilities (SNF) and skilled home health services (SHH).MethodsA retrospective study of patients between May 2020 and January 2022 transitioned from the hospital to ECH, SNF, or SHH. The analysis compared patient characteristics, 30‐day mortality, and readmission stratified by COVID‐19 infection status. Outcomes were assessed using logistic regression after propensity score matching.ResultsOf 32,132 eligible patients, 6.3% were transitioned to ECH, 39.7% to SNF, and 54.0% to SHH. After matching, all baseline characteristics except for age were balanced between groups. Postmatch and adjusting for age differences, ECH patients experienced lower risk of death compared to SNF (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.40, 0.92) and similar risk of hospital readmission compared to SNF patients (AOR 1.08, 95% CI 0.89, 1.31) and SHH patients (AOR 0.96, 95% CI 0.80, 1.16). COVID‐19‐negative ECH patients compared to matched SNF patients were more likely to readmit (AOR 1.30, 95% CI 1.02, 1.65) with no significant difference in risk of mortality (AOR 0.72, 95% CI 0.44, 1.18).ConclusionsECH had similar or improved outcomes relative to SNF and SHH. COVID‐19‐negative ECH patients experienced higher readmissions relative to SNF. ECH supported patients to return home from the hospital and provided an alternative to an institutional postacute setting.
Lebensmittelchemie 2024
Authors: Hammann Simon , Meckelmann Sven W. , Maares Maria , Varga Elisabeth 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLebensmittelchemie schützt die Verbraucher und gewährleistet authentische, hochwertige und sichere Lebensmittel, Kosmetika und Bedarfsgegenstände. Dabei nimmt sie bewusst Perspektiven etwa der analytischen Chemie, der Ernährungswissenschaften oder der Ökotoxikologie ein. So entsteht ein immer feineres Bild, wie unsere Lebensmittel zusammengesetzt sind und wie ihre Inhaltsstoffe physiologisch wirken. Zudem rücken neue Kontaminanten in den Fokus, die aus den Rohstoffen stammen oder während Verarbeitung und Lagerung der Lebensmittel entstehen.
Festkörpersynthese im Mikrowellenofen
Authors: Birkel Christina , Kubitza Niels 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSind Festkörper einer Mikrowellenstrahlung ausgesetzt, passiert nichts bis sehr viel – abhängig von Form und Eigenschaften der Substanz. Festkörper, die sich effizient erwärmen, sind für die anorganische Chemie besonders spannend. Was geschieht beim Bestrahlen, wo liegen die Schwierigkeiten und wofür lassen sich die Prozesse nutzen?
Triplet‐triplet annihilation upconversion
Authors: Næsborg Line , Jeyaseelan Rubaishan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTriplet‐triplet annihilation upconversion can generate UV light from visible light LEDs and visible light from infrared. Producing higher‐energy photons at the location where they are needed is useful: some functional groups do not tolerate irradation with UV light, and visible light does not penetrate cells and polymers as deep as infrared light.
The Impact of Perceived Relationship Investment and Organizational Identification on Behavioral Outcomes in Nonprofit Organizations: The Moderating Role of Relationship Proneness
Authors: Lai Chi‐Shiun , Nguyen Duc Tam 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe present study aims to explore how nonprofit organizations utilize relationship investment efforts to foster positive behavioral outcomes among their donors and volunteers, including word‐of‐mouth, support retention, and social media engagement, thereby ensuring the sustainability of these relationships. Findings from a survey of 210 participants reveal that donors' and volunteers' perceived social and economic investments positively influence their organizational identification with nonprofit organizations, leading to favorable behavioral outcomes. Additionally, this research examines the moderating role of relationship proneness in the association between perceived relationship investment and organizational identification. The results indicate that low relationship proneness strengthens the impact of perceived relationship investment on organizational identification. This study contributes to the existing literature on relationship investment and identification in nonprofit contexts, offering practical insights for managers. The implications for future research are discussed, along with acknowledgment of limitations.
Nanocatalyzed Multi‐Component Syntheses of Heterocyclic Scaffolds
Authors: Pathak Sakshi , Rushell Esha , Pathak Gargi , Verma Kanchan , Mathur Jaya , Shrivastava Rahul , Kumar Mahendra 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe present article includes systematic update information with recent developments in nanocatalyzed organic transformations with the special emphasis on the use of nanostructured heterogeneous catalysts in multi‐component syntheses of structurally diverse drug‐like small molecules incorporating medicinally privileged heterocyclic systems. Moreover, the nanocatalyzed transformations included in the article are environmentally sustainable and will provide an access to a diverse range of heterocyclic scaffolds with the use of combinatorial chemistry in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts. The reaction mechanisms involving catalytic facilitation with the interaction of nanostructured catalysts with the reacting molecules have also been included. The nanocatalyzed multi‐component reactions included in the article will be important significantly for designing synthetic protocols to synthesize natural product mimetic scaffolds with privileged heterocyclic ring systems. Thus, the present review article will contribute considerably not only to the chemical research, especially organometallics, organic syntheses and catalyses, but also to the drug discovery research with the emphasis on pharmaceutical and medicinal research. The present review article presents a thorough and balanced view of the subject.
Iron‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Reactive Orange 16 Textile Dye
Authors: Özcan Elif , Zorlu Yunus 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMIL‐88 MOFs have gained considerable attention as photocatalysts in environmental remediation due to their advantages such as stability, reusability, efficient light absorption, and charge separation capabilities. This study explores the potential of MIL‐88A, MIL‐88B, and NH2‐MIL‐88B for degrading the reactive orange 16 (RO16). MIL‐88 s were synthesized via solvo(hydro)thermal method and characterized using FTIR, PXRD, SEM, zeta potential, and UV‐DRS techniques. Photocatalytic degradations were conducted under UVA radiation, revealed a remarkable 93 % degradation rate. MIL‐88 s demonstrated exceptional performance and reusability, maintaining high efficiency even at 300 mg/L catalyst concentration. The photodegradation efficiencies of MIL‐88 A, MIL‐88B and NH2‐MIL‐88B for RO16 reach nearly 85 % within 120 minutes, 92 % within 60 minutes, 90 % within 75 minutes respectively. Even at a high initial concentration of 15 mg/L, the results underscore the significance of evaluating both initial efficiency and stability over multiple cycles, with MIL‐88B initially exhibiting the highest efficiency declining to 77 % by the fifth cycle, while MIL‐88 A maintained 54 % efficiency and NH2‐MIL‐88B sustained 72 % efficiency over the same period. Mechanistic elucidation identified O2⋅− and ⋅OH as the primary reactive radicals. This study is unique in being the first to explore the photocatalytic removal of RO16 using MIL‐88 s, providing a pioneering approach to sustainable water treatment.
Digitalisierung im Gesundheitswesen
Authors: Tag Brigitte 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungGesundheitsbezogene Daten werden mit Hilfe von künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) gesammelt, verarbeitet, gespeichert. Anwendungsbeispiele finden sich zahlreiche, sie beziehen sich auf den gesamten Versorgungspfad und Lebenszyklus des Menschen sowie die Humanforschung. Die datengestützte Medizin soll die Versorgung auf ein neues Niveau anheben, Ärzte und Gesundheitsfachpersonen entlasten und die administrativen Prozesse effizienter gestalten. Die Länder sind mit unterschiedlicher Geschwindigkeit dabei, einheitliche, zeitgemässe Standards im Umgang mit den Gesundheitsdaten und der KI bereitzustellen. Beschleunigt und flankiert wird die Digitalisierung im Gesundheitswesen durch wegweisende europäische Regulierungen. Die “FAIR Priniciples” sollen dazu beitragen, einige der Herausforderungen zu lösen.
The Viennese dissection course—A model for Habsburg medical teaching (1787–1848)
Authors: Bauer Sophia , Schaukal Leo , Weninger Wolfgang J. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryThis article delves into the beginnings of the dissection course, a teaching practice which today is still in place in Vienna and continues to shape future medical practitioners. Based on a comparison of different historical sources the article shows that the Viennese tradition of a dissection course dates back to the 1780s and the initiative of the anatomist Joseph Barth to build a dissection institute and to implement a dissection course, two endeavors that coincided with Joseph II’s reform ideas regarding a practically orientated medical and surgical education and a Europe-wide practice turn. Additionally, this paper shows the role of the Viennese dissection course as model for other Habsburg universities and, thus, explains the similarities of today’s dissection courses in different former Habsburg universities.
Trends in NICE technology appraisals of non-small cell lung cancer drugs over the last decade
Authors: Westerink Lotte , Wolters Sharon , Zhou Guiling , Postma Arjan , Boersma Cornelis , van Boven Job Frank Martien , Postma Maarten Jacobus 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study is to analyse the trends in technology appraisals for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatments performed by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) over the last ten years.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted for single technology appraisals of NSCLC drugs in the online NICE database from 2012 to 2022. Search terms used were ‘non small cell lung cancer’, and ‘NSCLC’. Appraisals that were under development or terminated as well as multiple technology appraisals were considered out of scope.

Results
In the 30 included appraisals for targeted therapies and immunotherapies within NSCLC, a total of 53 different comparators were included by NICE for 41 assorted indications or subgroups. Partitioned survival models were most frequently used, often including three health states and time horizons of up to 30 years. Throughout the decade the use of indirect comparisons was high and became more established and complex over time. Of all appraisals, 90% positively recommended the treatment for use in the UK.

Conclusion
Technology appraisals became more complex over time due to the emergence of targeted therapies and immunotherapies, leading to multiple different indications, subpopulations and comparators that needed to be included in appraisals. Partitioned Survival Analysis (PartSA) models became the cornerstone within NSCLC, with time horizons up to 30 years and over time methods for indirect treatment comparisons became more established. The majority of the appraisals resulted in a positive recommendation for reimbursement.
Association between the incident hypertension duration and cognitive performance in older adults: data from the NHANES 2011–2014
Authors: Liu Chunlei , Li Qi , Li Zhuqing , Wang Li , Wang Che , Du Xiaoyu , Song Wenjuan , Sun Xiaotong , Lu Chengzhi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Established evidences have demonstrated that hypertension was associated with the cognitive impairment. But the associations between the duration of hypertension exposure and cognitive performance are still inconclusive.

Objectives
The objective of this study was to assess the association between the duration of hypertension diagnosis and cognitive performance in older adults by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011–2014).

Methods
To evaluate the relationship between the hypertension duration and cognitive performance, we conducted the logistic regression analysis. Furthermore, we also performed the Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis to assess the nonlinear relationship between the duration of exposure to hypertension and cognitive performance.

Results
Initially, total 19,931 participants were included in this study, and 2928 individuals were enrolled. With the increase of hypertension duration, more risk of cognitive impairment was observed in the Digit Symbol Substitution test (DSST) (OR = 1.012, 1.006–1.019), and a similar trend was observed in Animal Fluency test (AFT) (OR = 1.009,1.003–1.016). The RCS results showed that the hypertension duration pattern was linear associated with the risk of cognitive impairment in DDST (P for non–linearity = 0.758). Meanwhile, subgroups analysis of midlife hypertension, we revealed that linear association with the risk of cognitive impairment in DSST (P for non–linearity = 0.391) and CERAD (P for non–linearity = 0.849) among hypertension diagnose < 55 years populations.

Conclusion
Collectively, our finding indicates that longer duration of exposure to hypertension worsens the cognition performance, especially for middle-aged hypertension.
Bullying in Adolescence: Social Influence and Student Relationships
Authors: Stahel Tina , Moody Zoe , Darbellay Frédéric 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper examines social influence among young people in bullying situations. Because of the importance of peers for adolescents, social influence is investigated with a specific focus on relationships that bystander students have with other peers, both existing ones and those they wish to develop. A total of 3,275 young participants (1,665 girls, 1,535 boys, and 75 others) between 10 and 17 years old engaged in the research through a mixed-method approach: 38 participated in focus groups, 7 in individual interviews, and 3,230 completed an online questionnaire. Qualitative findings, corroborated by quantitative data, reveal various forms of social influence, notably from bystanders aiming to integrate into peer groups where they lack privileged relationships with some members. Additionally, the quantitative analysis identifies a relatively novel form of popularity termed “functional popularity” observed in teenagers who foster and sustain social cohesion within their groups. Qualitative insights further indicate that intense, privileged relationships with victims can regulate social influence. These findings underscore the necessity of considering social influence dynamics and peer relationships when formulating strategies to address bullying.
Convergence and high order of approximation by Steklov sampling operators
Authors: Costarelli Danilo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper we introduce a new class of sampling-type operators, named Steklov sampling operators. The idea is to consider a sampling series based on a kernel function that is a discrete approximate identity, and which constitutes a reconstruction process of a given signal f, based on a family of sample values which are Steklov integrals of order r evaluated at the nodes k/w, $$k \in {\mathbb {Z}}$$

k
∈
Z

, $$w>0$$

w
>
0

. The convergence properties of the introduced sampling operators in continuous functions spaces and in the $$L^p$$

L
p

-setting have been studied. Moreover, the main properties of the Steklov-type functions have been exploited in order to establish results concerning the high order of approximation. Such results have been obtained in a quantitative version thanks to the use of the well-known modulus of smoothness of the approximated functions, and assuming suitable Strang-Fix type conditions, which are very typical assumptions in applications involving Fourier and Harmonic analysis. Concerning the quantitative estimates, we proposed two different approaches; the first one holds in the case of Steklov sampling operators defined with kernels with compact support, its proof is substantially based on the application of the generalized Minkowski inequality, and it is valid with respect to the p-norm, with $$1 \le p \le +\infty $$

1
≤
p
≤
+
∞

. In the second case, the restriction on the support of the kernel is removed and the corresponding estimates are valid only for $$1 < p\le +\infty $$

1
<
p
≤
+
∞

. Here, the key point of the proof is the application of the well-known Hardy–Littlewood maximal inequality. Finally, a deep comparison between the proposed Steklov sampling series and the already existing sampling-type operators has been given, in order to show the effectiveness of the proposed constructive method of approximation. Examples of kernel functions satisfying the required assumptions have been provided.
Private sector trust in data sharing: enablers in the European Union
Authors: Bernal Jaime 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Enabling private sector trust stands as a critical policy challenge for the success of the EU Data Governance Act and Data Act in promoting data sharing to address societal challenges. This paper attributes the widespread trust deficit to the unmanageable uncertainty that arises from businesses’ limited usage control to protect their interests in the face of unacceptable perceived risks. For example, a firm may hesitate to share its data with others in case it is leaked and falls into the hands of business competitors. To illustrate this impasse, competition, privacy, and reputational risks are introduced, respectively, in the context of three suboptimal approaches to data sharing: data marketplaces, data collaboratives, and data philanthropy. The paper proceeds by analyzing seven trust-enabling mechanisms comprised of technological, legal, and organizational elements to balance trust, risk, and control and assessing their capacity to operate in a fair, equitable, and transparent manner. Finally, the paper examines the regulatory context in the EU and the advantages and limitations of voluntary and mandatory data sharing, concluding that an approach that effectively balances the two should be pursued.