bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract A06: Reducing decision errors in the paired comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of continuous screening tests.
Authors: Ringham Brandy M. , Alonzo Todd A. , Brinton John T. , Muller Keith E. , Glueck Deborah H. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Scientists often use a paired comparison of the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves to decide which continuous cancer screening test has the best diagnostic accuracy. In the paired design, all participants are screened with both tests. Participants with unremarkable screening results enter a follow-up period. Participants with suspicious screening results and those who show evidence of disease during follow-up receive the gold standard test. The remaining participants are classified as non-cases, even though some may have occult disease. The standard analysis includes all study participants in the analysis, which can create bias in the estimates of diagnostic accuracy. If the bias affects the area under the curve for one screening test more than the other screening test, scientists may make the wrong decision as to which screening test has better diagnostic accuracy. We propose a weighted maximum likelihood bias-correction method to reduce decision errors. The amount of bias in the study and the performance of the bias correction method depend on characteristics of the screening tests and the disease, and on the percentage of study participants who receive the gold standard test. In order to determine if bias correction is needed for a specific screening trial, we recommend the investigator conduct a simulation study using our software. We demonstrate the proposed method with an application to a hypothetical oral cancer screening study.
Citation Format: Brandy M. Ringham, Todd A. Alonzo, John T. Brinton, Keith E. Muller, Deborah H. Glueck. Reducing decision errors in the paired comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of continuous screening tests. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fifth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2012 Oct 27-30; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012;21(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A06.
Abstract A41: Dasatinib regulation of N-glycans induce anticancer activity in hematological and solid tumor malignancies.
Authors: Saunders Mary R. , Ruhaak L. Renee , Williams Cynthia , Olivos David J. , Stroble Carol , An Hyun Joo , Miyamoto Suzanne , Lebrilla Carlito B. , Lam Kit S. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Glycans are carbohydrates covalently bound to proteins or lipids. Changes in their content and structure, particularly in asparagine-linked oligosaccharides, contribute to a variety of events during malignant transformation. These include the loss of cell-matrix adhesion, migration, invasion, metastasis, and evasion of cell death. High mannose glycans are not commonly present on the surfaces of normal mammalian cells or in serum, yet they play important roles in cancer cell biology. Therefore, modulation of glycan expression with drugs offers a promising therapeutic approach for various hematological and solid tumor cancers, several of which disproportionally afflict minority populations. Dasatinib, a dual inhibitor of Src and Abl tyrosine kinase, is used to investigate in vitro anti-cancer activity in several cancer cell lines: Jurkat lymphoblastic leukemia, Raji lymphoblastic lymphoma, SiHa cervical cancer, H1650 non small cell lung cancer, PC3N prostate cancer, SKOV3 ovarian cancer, and MCF7 breast cancer. To address how the carbohydrate moieties of the cancer cells are affected during treatment, the glycan profiles from treated cells are compared to non-treated cells and normal controls and analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). PCR arrays are used to profile glycosylation enzyme gene expression changes due to dasatinib-induced cytotoxicity. Protein expression arrays are used to investigate Src and Abl receptor tyrosine kinase signaling cascades. The results presented here demonstrate new evidence of glycosylation expression changes and the related mechanisms of their anticancer activity. Regulation of glycosylation is a promising therapeutic strategy for inducing anticancer activity through cell arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy.
Citation Format: Mary R. Saunders, L. Renee Ruhaak, Cynthia Williams, David J. Olivos, Carol Stroble, Hyun Joo An, Suzanne Miyamoto, Carlito B. Lebrilla, Kit S. Lam. Dasatinib regulation of N-glycans induce anticancer activity in hematological and solid tumor malignancies. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fifth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2012 Oct 27-30; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012;21(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A41.
Abstract A71: Smoking and breast cancer survival among New Mexican Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women.
Authors: Baumgartner Kathy B. , Pinkston Christina , Connor Avonne , Denkhoff Stephanie , Yang Dongyan , Baumgartner Richard N. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The association of smoking with breast cancer mortality is not well established. Results from the few studies to date are mixed. Data for ethnic minorities are sparse. The current study examined the association of active cigarette smoking with breast cancer and non-breast cancer mortality in a pooled sample of 1,368 New Mexico Hispanic women (n=556) and non-Hispanic white (NHW) women (n=812) diagnosed with a first primary invasive breast cancer from two case-control studies: the New Mexico Women's Health Study (NMWHS: 1992-1994) and the 4-Corner's Breast Cancer Study (4-CBCS: 1999-2004). The cases were ascertained by the New Mexico Tumor Registry. Baseline data were collected for smoking exposure and other relevant covariates (age, study, alcohol intake, body mass index, menopausal status, family history, parity, energy intake and expenditure). The National Death Index was used to determine vital status through December 31, 2008. A total of 312 deaths occurred over an average of 9.2 years of follow-up (NMWHS, 12.4; 4-CBCS, 7.2); 188 were breast cancer deaths. The prevalence of current and former smoking was 13% and 25% in Hispanic women compared to 16% and 32% in NHW women. Thirty-three percent of NHW women smoked for more than 13 pack-years versus 16% of Hispanic women. Hazard ratios were calculated using Cox Proportional analysis adjusting for the covariates. Cigarette smoking status (former, current) and pack-years were not associated with breast cancer mortality in Hispanic women. However, there was a non-significant positive association in NHW women who smoked (current: HR, 1.42, 95% CI 0.83-2.41; pack-years &gt;13: HR, 1.42; 95% CI 0.90-2.24). In contrast, there were significant positive associations with non-breast cancer mortality in H women (pack-years &gt;13: HR, 2.95; 95% CI 1.52-5.75) and NHW women (pack-years &gt;13: HR, 2.08; 95% CI 1.25-3.45). These results do not support an association of smoking with breast cancer mortality, particularly in Hispanic women. However, smoking is significantly associated with non-breast cancer mortality in women diagnosed with breast cancer.
Citation Format: Kathy B. Baumgartner, Christina Pinkston, Avonne Connor, Stephanie Denkhoff, Dongyan Yang, Richard N. Baumgartner. Smoking and breast cancer survival among New Mexican Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fifth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2012 Oct 27-30; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012;21(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A71.
Abstract B03: Effectiveness of lay health worker outreach in reducing colorectal cancer screening disparities in Vietnamese Americans.
Authors: Nguyen Bang H. , Stewart Susan L. , Nguyen Tung T. , McPhee Stephen J. , Tran Mai T. , Pham Alene L. , Bui-Tong Ngoc 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Purposes: Vietnamese Americans have lower colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates than non-Hispanic whites. The purposes of this study were to increase CRC screening in Vietnamese Americans and thereby to reduce CRC screening disparities in Vietnamese Americans.
Procedures: Using a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) approach and a cluster randomized controlled design, Lay Health Workers (LHWs) recruited participants aged 50-74 years for an intervention (I) (n=316) or control arm (C) (n=311). At pre-intervention all participants self-reported not having been screened for CRC as an eligibility criterion. LHWs delivered 2 educational sessions about CRC screening to the intervention arm participants; the control arm attended sessions about healthy eating and physical activities. Effectiveness was measured using pre-intervention (Pre) and post-intervention (Post) surveys. Outcomes were: 1) self-reported behavior: having ever had CRC screening; 2) recognition: having ever heard of colon cancer; 3) perceived susceptibility: worrying about getting colon cancer and having ever thought might get colon cancer; 4) beliefs: believing colon cancer can be cured if founded early; and 5) knowledge: having heard of colon polyps and knowing the recommended age to begin CRC screening. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) models were used to test the effectiveness of the intervention while accounting for correlated data.
Results: The intervention group was significantly more likely than the control group to report having had CRC screening at post-test (56% v 19%, p&lt;.0001). In addition, the intervention group had significantly greater increases in the proportion who had heard of colon cancer, believed that colon cancer can be cured if found early, heard of colon polyps, and knew the age to begin CRC screening. The two groups had similar increases in the proportion of participants who ever thought they might get colon cancer, and controls had a greater increase in the proportion who worried about getting colon cancer.
Conclusions: LHW outreach was effective in increasing CRC screening among Vietnamese Americans. The intervention also increased recognition, beliefs in the efficacy of screening, and knowledge of CRC and CRC screening. Self-reported behavior should be validated using objective measures.
Citation Format: Bang H. Nguyen, Susan L. Stewart, Tung T. Nguyen, Stephen J. McPhee, Mai T. Tran, Alene L. Pham, Ngoc Bui-Tong. Effectiveness of lay health worker outreach in reducing colorectal cancer screening disparities in Vietnamese Americans. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fifth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2012 Oct 27-30; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012;21(10 Suppl):Abstract nr B03.
Abstract B21: The moderating effect of acculturation on gender roles and cancer screening variables among Vietnamese American women.
Authors: Nguyen Anh Bao , Clark Trenette T. , Belgrave Faye Z. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Vietnamese women are less likely to undergo cancer screening in comparison to women from other ethnic and minority populations. These health disparities suggest the need to uncover both access/structural barriers as well as cultural barriers to cancer screening for Vietnamese women. The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of demographic variables and the interplay between gender roles and acculturation on breast and cervical cancer screening outcomes among Vietnamese women. A convenience sample of 100 Vietnamese women were recruited from two faith-based institutions for a larger cancer-screening intervention. All participants completed measures on demographic variables, measures of gender roles and acculturation, and cancer screening variables. Results indicated that traditional masculine gender roles were associated with increased self-efficacy for breast and cervical cancer screening. Higher levels of acculturation were associated with higher probability of having had a Pap test. Lastly, acculturation moderated the relationship between traditional female gender roles and cancer screening variables. For highly acculturated women, higher levels of feminine gender roles predicted higher probability of having had a previous CBE and higher levels of self-efficacy for cervical cancer screening, while the opposite was true for lower acculturated women. The findings provide evidence for the interplay between gender and cultural identities and how they may impact Vietnamese women's health outcomes. Programming and intervention strategies need to recognize intra-group differences within ethnic minority populations.
Citation Format: Anh Bao Nguyen, Trenette T. Clark, Faye Z. Belgrave. The moderating effect of acculturation on gender roles and cancer screening variables among Vietnamese American women. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fifth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2012 Oct 27-30; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012;21(10 Suppl):Abstract nr B21.
Abstract B31: Expression of Wnt3 activates Wnt/β-catenin pathway and promotes EMT-like phenotype in trastuzumab resistant HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells.
Authors: Wu Yanyuan , Ginther Charles , Kim Juri , Mosher Nicole , Chung Seyung , Slamon Dennis , Vadgama Jaydutt V. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
To understand the mechanisms leading to trastuzumab resistance in HER2-overexpressing breast tumors we created trastuzumab insensitive cell lines (SKBR3/100-8 and BT474/100-2). The cell lines maintain HER2 receptor overexpression, and show increase in EGFR. Upon trastuzumab treatment, SKBR3/100-8 and BT474/100-2 cell lines displayed increased growth rate and invasiveness. The trastuzumab resistance in SKBR3/100-8 and BT474/100-2 was accompanied with activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Further investigation found that Wnt3 overexpression played a key role toward the development of trastuzumab resistance. The expression of Wnt3 in trastuzumab resistant cells increased nuclear expression of β-catenin and transactivated expression of EGFR. The increased Wnt3 in the trastuzumab resistant cells also promoted a parental EMT-like transition (epithelial to mesenchymal transition), increased N-cadherin, Twist, SLUG and decreased E-cadherin. Knockdown Wnt3 by siRNA restored cytoplasmic expression of β-catenin, and decreased EGFR expression in trastuzumab resistant cells. Furthermore the EMT markers were decreased, E-cadherin was increased and the cell invasiveness was inhibited in response to the Wnt3 down-regulation. Conversely, SKBR3 cells which had been stably transfected with full-length Wnt3 exhibited EMT-like transition. The Wnt3 transfectants, SKBR3/Wnt3-7 and SKBR3/Wnt3-9, showed significant decrease in E-cadherin and increase in N-cadherin, Twist and SLUG. The cells were less sensitive to trastuzumab compared to parental SKBR3 and vector transfected cells. In summary, our data suggests that Wnt3 overexpression activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway that leads to transactivation of EGFR and promotes EMT-like transition. This could be an important mechanism leading to trastuzumab resistance in HER2 overexpressing breast cancer cells.
Citation Format: Yanyuan Wu, Charles Ginther, Juri Kim, Nicole Mosher, Seyung Chung, Dennis Slamon, Jaydutt V. Vadgama. Expression of Wnt3 activates Wnt/β-catenin pathway and promotes EMT-like phenotype in trastuzumab resistant HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fifth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2012 Oct 27-30; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012;21(10 Suppl):Abstract nr B31.
Abstract B38: Profiling miR-152 expression in African American prostate cancer cell lines.
Authors: Theodore Shaniece Crystal , Davis Melissa , Jhong Rhim , Turner Timothy , Yates Clayton 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Purpose: African American men have almost twice the incidence and death rates related to prostate cancer compared to Caucasian men. Several studies have suggested that some of these differences may be attributed to the elevated expression of different genes. Recently, a new class of genetic regulators has emerged known as microRNAs. Many reports have found microRNAs to be implicated in cell growth, cell differentiation and the onset of many diseases including prostate cancer. To date, there are only three commercially available African American prostate cancer cell line models. We were able to establish five African American prostate cell lines, representing each stage of prostate cancer progression. With the help of these models, we sought out to investigate the difference of microRNA expression in African American and Caucasian prostate cancer.
Methods: We analyzed the expression of over 300 microRNAs in 11 African American and Caucasian cell lines utilizing DiscovArray microRNA Microarray Chip. Validations of the most significant miRNAs were done by qRT-PCR. Characterization of the microRNA was carried out by performing MTT assay, Flow Cytometry, Western Blot, and Imunoflourescence.
Results: We identified 15 microRNAs that were differentially expressed between the African American and Caucasian cell lines. Further validations led to the identification of miR-152 which is significantly expressed among both groups. MiR-152 is thought to be responsible for inhibiting DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). Our results showed that miR-152 reduced cellular proliferation in PC-3, DU-145 and LNCaP prostate cancer cell lines. In addition, miR-152 inhibited DNMT1 protein expression as well as initiated G2-M cell cycle arrest.
Conclusion: Validation of these results indicates a significant difference in microRNA expression between African American and Caucasian prostate cancer. Furthermore, these results suggest that microRNAs may play a role in the advance progression seen in prostate cancer in African Americans. These findings are currently being validated in African American and Caucasian tissue samples. Research supported by G12 RR03059-21A1(NIH/RCMI), and CA118623 (NIH/NCI).
Citation Format: Shaniece Crystal Theodore, Melissa Davis, Rhim Jhong, Timothy Turner, Clayton Yates. Profiling miR-152 expression in African American prostate cancer cell lines. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fifth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2012 Oct 27-30; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012;21(10 Suppl):Abstract nr B38.
Abstract FO02-03: Breast cancer control in federally qualified health centers.
Authors: Calhoun Elizabeth A. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Patient Navigation is a patient-centric health care service delivery intervention, with the goal of eliminating barriers, which may occur across the health care continuum, from screening, to timely diagnosis and treatment of cancer, and through survivorship. Pioneered in Harlem, NY, patient navigation is being widely replicated nationally and is receiving considerable support for demonstration projects and research to test its effectiveness. Patient navigation has evolved as a strategy to reduce cancer health disparities by eliminating barriers to timely diagnosis and treatment of cancer. The largest and longest effort to test the efficacy of PN is the $25 million, five-year Patient Navigation Research Program (PNRP) undertaken by the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The Chicago patient navigation program, for example, was funded through the NCI PNRP to increase the proportion of patients reaching diagnostic resolution and reduce the time from abnormal screening test to definitive diagnostic resolution among low income underserved women with abnormal breast (n=352) or cervical (n=545) screening results. We found that compared to control subjects who received usual care, a higher percentage of navigated subjects reached a diagnostic resolution by 60 days (83.0% vs. 52.7%) for breast and by 365 days (98.7% vs. 81.0%) for cervical cancer. But, the effects of patient navigation are defined and measured in different ways across programs. In order to make meaningful comparisons across diverse programs, outcome measures must be concordant. Therefore, in March 2010, the National Patient Navigation Leadership Summit comprised of cancer clinicians, researchers, practicing public health and measurement experts, funders, and patient navigators, met to develop a national consensus on common outcomes to solidify the scientific evidence and efficacy of patient navigation using a principles from community-based participatory research. The goal of the Summit was to develop and propose core metrics to measure outcomes of navigation on individuals as well as populations across the continuum. The process used to engage all key stakeholders and current national efforts will be discussed along with the outcomes of this approach.
Funding: The Chicago Patient Navigation grant was supported by the National Institute of Health grant 1 U01 CA116875-01. The leadership conference and Cancer supplement were cosponsored by Pfizer Oncology, Livestrong (Lance Armstrong Foundation), Susan G. Komen for the Cure, the Oncology Nursing Society (ONS), the American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer, the American Cancer Society, and AstraZeneca.
Citation Format: Elizabeth A. Calhoun. Breast cancer control in federally qualified health centers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fifth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2012 Oct 27-30; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012;21(10 Suppl):Abstract nr FO02-03.