bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When will the Stanley depth increase?
Authors: Shen Yi-Huang 
Published: March 2013

Let

I
⊂
S
=

K

,
[

x
1

,
…
,

x
n

]

I\subset S=\mathbb {K},[x_1,\dots ,x_n]

be an ideal generated by squarefree monomials of degree

≥
d

\ge d

. If the number of degree

d
d

minimal generating monomials is

μ
d

(
I
)
≤
min
(

(

n

d
+
1

)

,

∑

j
=
1

n
−
d

(

2
j
−
1

j

)

)

\mu _d(I)\le \min (\binom {n}{d+1},\sum _{j=1}^{n-d}\binom {2j-1}{j})

, then the Stanley depth

sdepth
S

⁡
(
I
)
≥
d
+
1

\operatorname {sdepth}_S(I)\ge d+1

.
Constraining the initial conditions of globular clusters using their radius distribution
Authors: Alexander Poul E. R. , Gieles Mark 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Studies of extragalactic globular clusters (GCs) have shown that the peak size of the GC radius distribution (RD) depends only weakly on galactic environment. We model RDs of GC populations using a simple prescription for a Hubble time of relaxation-driven evolution of cluster mass and radius. We consider a power-law cluster initial mass function (CIMF) with and without an exponential truncation, and focus in particular on a flat and a steep CIMF (power-law indices of 0 and −2, respectively). For the initial half-mass radii at birth, we adopt either Roche volume (RV) filling conditions (‘filling’, meaning that the ratio of half-mass to Jacobi radius is approximately rh/rJ ≃ 0.15) or strongly RV under-filling conditions (‘under-filling’, implying that initially rh/rJ ≪ 0.15). Assuming a constant orbital velocity about the galaxy centre, we find for a steep CIMF that the typical half-light radius scales with the galactocentric radius RG as R${^{1/3}_{\rm G}}$. This weak scaling is consistent with observations, but this scenario has the (well-known) problem that too many low-mass clusters survive. A flat CIMF with ‘filling’ initial conditions results in the correct MF at old ages, but with too many large (massive) clusters at large RG. An ‘under-filling’ GC population with a flat CIMF also results in the correct MF, and can also successfully reproduce the shape of the RD, with a peak size that is (almost) independent of RG. In this case, the peak size depends (almost) only on the peak mass of the GC MF. The (near) universality of the GC RD is therefore because of the (near) universality of the CIMF. There are some extended GCs in the outer halo of the Milky Way that cannot be explained by this model.
A review of virtual reality and haptics for product assembly: from rigid parts to soft cables
Authors: Xia Pingjun , Mendes Lopes António , Restivo Maria Teresa 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe use of virtual reality for product assembly has been studied for more than 20 years; however its practical application in industry is still very much in its infancy. Haptics is a new and important interaction method for virtual reality, and currently constitutes a strong and growing research area; however despite this, its application in industry still remains virtually unknown. This paper seeks to address this issue.Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents a comprehensive survey of the topics of virtual reality and haptics for product assembly, from rigid parts to soft cables, and investigates some new ideas and recent advances in the area. The survey work has been divided into two parts: addressing rigid parts and soft cables. The main focus of part two, the present work, concentrates on virtual reality and haptics for soft cable design and assembly.FindingsIn the first instance, the main research groups and typical systems are investigated, followed by extensive exploration of the major research issues. The latter can be reviewed from three perspectives: geometry modelling, physical modelling and haptics interaction. Finally, the barriers that prevent successful application of virtual assembly are also discussed, and the future research directions are summarized.Originality/valueThis paper presents a comprehensive survey of the topics of virtual reality and haptics for product assembly, from rigid parts to soft cables, and investigates some new ideas and recent advances in the area.
AI tools for use in assembly automation and some examples of recent applications
Authors: Sanders David , Gegov Alexander 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to review seven artificial intelligence tools that are useful in assembly automation: knowledge‐based systems, fuzzy logic, automatic knowledge acquisition, neural networks, genetic algorithms, case‐based reasoning and ambient‐intelligence.Design/methodology/approachEach artificial intelligence tool is outlined, together with some examples of their use in assembly automation.FindingsArtificial intelligence has produced a number of useful and powerful tools. This paper reviews some of those tools. Applications of these tools in assembly automation have become more widespread due to the power and affordability of present‐day computers.Research limitations/implicationsMany new assembly automation applications may emerge and greater use may be made of hybrid tools that combine the strengths of two or more of the tools reviewed in the paper. The tools and methods reviewed in this paper have minimal computation complexity and can be implemented on small assembly lines, single robots or systems with low‐capability microcontrollers.Practical implicationsIt may take another decade for engineers to recognize the benefits given the current lack of familiarity and the technical barriers associated with using these tools and it may take a long time for direct digital manufacturing to be considered commonplace… but it is expanding. The appropriate deployment of the new AI tools will contribute to the creation of more competitive assembly automation systems.Social implicationsOther technological developments in AI that will impact on assembly automation include data mining, multi‐agent systems and distributed self‐organising systems.Originality/valueThe novel approaches proposed use ambient intelligence and the mixing of different AI tools in an effort to use the best of each technology. The concepts are generically applicable across all industrial assembly processes and this research is intended to prove that the concepts work in manufacturing.
Review and analysis of the residential building certification process in south east Queensland
Authors: Smith Jim , Smith Ben , Mitchell Geoff 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review the four stages of approval and describe the process of building certification. It reviews a sample of the inspection and certification records of 109 houses in south‐east Queensland and analyses their progress through each of the stages. The incidence of minor faults and failures is examined, together with requests for further information. Trends in these incidents are enumerated, described and analysed with a view to improving the process.Design/methodology/approachAccess to a private certifier’s inspection data base was given and 109 houses were randomly selected. All the houses were built in 2010 in south‐east Queensland from the Gold Coast, Brisbane and stretching up to the Sunshine Coast. The full range of inspections was conducted to completion. The records of each house inspection at each of the stages were examined, with the detailed notes of each inspection reviewed and analysed. The inspector’s notes were often extensive and detailed and the authors condensed these down into the main causes of problems in approval for that stage.FindingsThe results provide an insight into the process of building approval with documentation required to ensure its integrity and satisfactory completion. A summary of the results provides an insight into this performance.Practical implicationsThe building control and certification system is working well and the regulations, codes and trained personnel are maintaining high standards of construction and safety.Social implicationsSafer and better quality house construction should lead to greater consumer satisfaction and confidence in the community.Originality/valueThis is the first time that such a study of the private certification process has been undertaken in Australia.
The impact of design decisions on post occupancy processes in school buildings
Authors: Adeyeye Kemi , Piroozfar Poorang , Rosenkind Micah , Winstanley Graham , Pegg Ian 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to review the impact of design and specification decisions for major works during post‐occupancy processes; the routine maintenance and management of school premises. It also seeks to explore the relationship between the main stakeholders and how this impacts decision‐making and the post‐occupancy operation of school buildings.Design/methodology/approachIn addition to a literature review, qualitative data were also obtained through a focus group; a steering group. The steering group consisted of stakeholders tasked with delivering and managing school premises in the Sussex County.FindingsThe findings contribute to understanding the impact of design decisions on post‐occupancy processes in schools. A basic model is also presented as a guide for requirements and decision mapping in post‐occupancy design decision processes in schools.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was conducted with the participation of a representative sample of stakeholders. There may be the need to investigate the issues further in a localised context before detailed solutions are proposed.Practical implicationsThe paper reports findings based on the needs, requirements, and preferences of the stakeholders as well as the opportunities and constraints to improving the quality of design processes which in turn will improve post occupancy processes.Originality/valueThe paper highlights the complexity of design decision‐making in schools, presents the viewpoint of stakeholders, and proposes a basic model to ensure performance for post‐occupancy processes to inform the next stage of the research.
Construction of property price indices
Authors: Owusu‐Ansah Anthony 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine if temporal aggregation matters in the construction of house price indices and to test the accuracy of alternative index construction methods.Design/methodology/approachFive index construction models based on the hedonic, repeat‐sales and hybrid methods are examined. The accuracy of the alternative index construction methods are examined using the mean squared error and out‐of‐sample technique. Monthly, quarterly, semi‐yearly and yearly indices are constructed for each of the methods and six null hypotheses are tested to examine the temporal aggregation effect.FindingsOverall, the hedonic is the best method to use. While running separate regressions to estimate the index is best at the broader level of time aggregation like the annual, pooling data together and including time dummies to estimate the index is the best at the lower level of time aggregation. The repeat‐sales method is the least preferred method. The results also show that it is important to limit time to the lowest level of temporal aggregation when construction property price indices.Practical implicationsThis paper provides alternative method, the mean squared error method based on an out‐of‐sample technique to evaluate the accuracy of alternative index construction methods.Originality/valueThe introduction of financial products like the property derivatives and home equity insurances to the financial market calls for accurate and robust property price indices. However, the index method and level of temporal aggregation to use still remain unresolved in the index construction literature. This paper contributes to fill these gaps.
Conceptualising work engagement
Authors: Fearon Colm , McLaughlin Heather , Morris Lynn 
Published: March 2013

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of multi-level forms of efficacy and organisational interactions necessary for promoting effective work engagement.Design/methodology/approach– Work engagement is explored from a multi-level efficacy perspective (self, collective and organisational). Based on the ideas of Bandura, workplace interactions are investigated through the theoretical lens of social cognitive theory (SCT).Findings– The ability to conceptualise engagement from individual, group and organisational perspectives, helps researchers and HR practitioners appreciate the complexities involved. The paper also highlights a need for developing new organisational interactions that promote engagement, as opposed to reinforcing stale managerial policies, or one-sided strategies for short term productivity gains. Organisational interactions should respond to job demands at both individual and collective levels. The paper also suggests that new interactions and stronger communication helps promote collective and organisational efficacy.Research limitations/implications– This is a theoretical discussion piece that attempts to set the scene and examine broad issues, and thus there is no measurement or empirical analysis attempted. Additional work is required to operationalise constructs further, as part of a case study protocol for future in-depth empirical analysis.Originality/value– This thought-piece paper is significant for managers in retail and researchers alike, when developing organisational interactions from a multi-level efficacy perspective. The conceptual contribution of the paper is a fresh macro-analytical perspective concerning efficacy and work engagement. Some ideas are also presented for future research.
Faculty‐specific factors of degree of HE internationalization
Authors: Jiang Nan , Carpenter Victoria 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the difference in the process of higher education (HE) internationalization across faculties in a post‐1992 university and to identify faculty‐specific factors through evaluating the four faculties in the case study.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative research is conducted in a post‐1992 UK university. Four faculties are involved and a total of 20 interviewees from three key departments participate in this project. Content analysis, critical discourse analysis and categorization of meaning are adopted as data analysis strategies.FindingsThis study explains the reasons why the level of internationalization across faculties is different.Research limitations/implicationsThis research helps gain rich understanding of faculty‐specific factors in terms of the degree of internationalization. Further research in this area is encouraged to test these faculty‐specific factors through quantitative population studies in other institutions.Practical implicationsMost faculty‐specific factors are management matters which can be improved by internal adjustment. HE internationalization cannot be conducted the same way in each faculty, but should be considered a part of faculties’ particular focus. These factors highlight the areas where the faculties need to improve, in order to better accommodate HE internationalization.Originality/valueThis research evaluates and identifies the faculty‐specific factors in relation to the level of internationalization from a faculty's standpoint. These critical factors are unique to HE internationalization and transferrable to other similar institutions.
Effects of reflow on the interfacial characteristics between Zn nanoparticles containing Sn‐3.8Ag‐0.7Cu solder and copper substrate
Authors: Chan Y.H. , Arafat M.M. , Haseeb A.S.M.A. 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of zinc (Zn) nanoparticles on the interfacial intermetallic compounds (IMCs) between Sn‐3.8Ag‐0.7Cu (SAC) solder and Cu substrate during multiple reflow.Design/methodology/approachThe nanocomposite solders were prepared by manually mixing of SAC solder paste with varying amounts of Zn nanoparticles. The solder pastes were reflowed on a hotplate at 250°C for 45 s for up to six times. The actual Zn content after reflow was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma‐optical emission spectroscopy (ICP‐OES). The wetting behavior of the solders was characterized by analyzing the contact angles and spreading rates according to the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS 23198‐3, 2003). The interfacial microstructure of the solder joints were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDAX).FindingsIt was found that upon the addition of 0.3 wt% Zn nanoparticles to the SAC solder, the growth of interfacial intermetallic compound (IMC) layers was retarded to a minimum value. Excessive amount of Zn nanoparticles (0.8 wt%) induced an additional IMC layer (Cu5Zn8) which increased the total IMC thickness and raising the reliability issue.Originality/valueIt is concluded that Zn nanoparticles undergo melting/reaction during reflow and impart their effect on the IMCs through alloying effects.
Optimal maintenance policies for cumulative damage models with random working times
Authors: Zhao Xufeng , Nakamura Syouji , Nakagawa Toshio 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to consider maintenance policies for an operating system which works at random times for jobs. Each job causes some damage to the system and these damages are additive, and the system fails when the total damage has exceeded a failure level K.Design/methodology/approachUsing techniques of cumulative damage models, the maintenance is made at the N‐th completion of working time for the first model and at a damage level Z with a limit number of working times N for the second model.FindingsThe system is maintained at the first completion of the working time over time T for the third model. The system fails with probability p(x) when the total damage is x and undergoes minimal repair at failure for the fourth model. The expected cost rates are obtained and optimal maintenance policies are discussed analytically and computed numerically.Originality/valueThe paper discusses four maintenance policies for an operating system which works at successive random times for jobs, where the system fails due to damage that can be additive caused by jobs.
Minimal cut sequences and top event probability of dynamic fault tree
Authors: Yuge Tetsushi , Yoneda Taijiro , Tamura Nobuyuki , Yanagi Shigeru 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to present a method for calculating the top event probability of a fault tree with priority AND gates.Design/methodology/approachThe paper makes use of Merle's temporal operators for obtaining the minimal cut sequence set of a dynamic fault tree. Although Merle's expression is based on the occurrence time of an event sequence, the paper treats the expression as an event containing the order of events. This enables the authors to treat the minimal cut sequence set by using the static fault tree techniques. The proposed method is based on the sum of disjoint products. The method for a static FT is extended to a more applicable one that can deal with the order operators proposed by Merle et al.FindingsFirst, an algorithm to obtain the minimal cut sequence set of dynamic fault trees is proposed. This algorithm enables the authors to analyze reasonably large scale dynamic fault trees. Second, the proposed method of obtaining the top event probability of a dynamic fault tree is efficient compared with an inclusion‐exclusion based method proposed by Merle et al. and a conventional Markov chain approach. Furthermore, the paper shows the top event probability is derived easily when all the basic events have exponential failure rates.Originality/valueThe methodology presented shows a new solution for calculating the top event probability of dynamic fault trees.
The black swan effect and the impact on Australian property forecasting
Authors: Higgins David M. 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe term “Black Swan” has gained recent popularity to describe an extraordinary event that causes extensive damage. The combination of low predictability and major impact makes an upswing in the magnitude of Black Swan events an important factor when making property market forecasts. The difficulty is that the preferred property forecast models traditionally depend on input data constructed on a normal (bell curve) conditions. As outliers, Black Swan events appear not to form part of the property forecast process. The aim of this research is to examine Black Swan events.Design/methodology/approachThis research examines Black Swan events and tests their impact on the accuracy of short term, six month bi‐annual survey forecasts from leading economists and property analysts for key Australian property market determinants: economic activity (GDP), ten year bonds and CBD office vacancy rates for the 2005‐2011 period.FindingsA range of statistical tests showed inconsistencies with the expert forecasts to actual performance and importantly all the experts appeared to miss the start of the Global Financial Crisis in the December 2008 period. The variations in the margin of forecast error suggest that the experts examine the selected property determinants independently. Also, for economic activity and CBD office vacancy rates, there is an interesting trend that in several consecutive time periods, a simple naïve “no change” forecast was better than those of the experts.Originality/valueIn an environment of increasing occurrence of Black Swan events, this inability to forecast short term property market determinants with confidence highlights serious issues with the current approach to forecasting property market performance. The first step for research in this area is to understand and frame the property risks associated with Black Swan events.
Forming mechanisms and structures of a knowledge transfer network: theoretical and simulation research
Authors: Wang Xiaoguang 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to analyze the exchange and reciprocal mechanism behind individual knowledge transfer activities as well as their impact on the individual knowledge transfer networks.Design/methodology/approachThe author conducted theoretical and simulation research. Agent‐based technology is employed to construct an agent dynamics agent‐based model that simulates and explains how an individual initiates the evolution of a knowledge network through knowledge transfer activities.FindingsThe results demonstrate that the two mechanisms can improve the knowledge levels of the network members; the exchange mechanism is more efficient as it can improve the values of both sides. Individual knowledge transfer networks evolve from random networks to small‐world networks.Research limitations/implicationsThe research model must include more variables. Computer simulation research will be cross‐confirmed by other research methods in future studies.Practical implicationsIndividual knowledge transfer networks form and subsequently evolve as a result of social interaction. The research findings will contribute to the policy making for knowledge management in organizations.Originality/valueLittle has been published about the dynamics of individual knowledge transfer networks. The author believes that the paper is the first to analyze the internal mechanisms behind individual knowledge transfer activities and test them with agent‐based technologies.