bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1913 – Longitudinal Change In Verbal Learning And Memory In Schizophrenia And Controls: a Nine-year Study In The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966
Authors: Rannikko I.A. , Haapea M. , Miettunen J. , Veijola J. , Murray G. , Barnett J. , Husa A. , Jones P. , Isohanni M. , Jääskeläinen E. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionPatients with schizophrenia generally perform worse than control subjects on all cognitive domains, and particularly in memory functions. It is still unclear, how cognition changes during years of illness in schizophrenia.AimsOur aim was to analyze the change in verbal learning and memory functions in subjects with schizophrenia and healthy controls during a 9-year follow-up.MethodsThe sample was the general population based Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort. In 1999-2001 and in 2008-2010 field studies were performed, including repeated measures of clinical status and the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT). CVLT was used for the estimation of the course of a possible change of verbal learning and memory during the follow-up. The sample included 41 individuals with schizophrenic psychoses and 74 non-psychotic controls.ResultsBoth cases and controls had statistically significant decline in measures of CVLT. However, the change in verbal learning and memory in the 9 -year follow-up was not statistically significantly different between cases and controls. Among cases, age of illness onset and sex had no statistically significant effect on change of verbal learning and memory.ConclusionsAccording to our unselected, population based sample with long follow up, the impairments during the life span in verbal learning and memory in schizophrenia was not different compared to controls. These results imply that schizophrenia is not a progressing degenerative illness.
1914 – Donepezil-induced Epileptic Seizures - a Case Report
Authors: Esteves-Pereira M. , Rodrigues D. , Bouça J. , Ribeiro-Silva R. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionDonepezil, a centrally acting acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI), is approved for symptomatic relief of cognitive impairment in patients with Alzheimer's disease and Vascular Dementia (VD). Several adverse effects were reported and the most common are gastrointestinal disturbances. Others include bradycardia, agitation and confusion. Although epileptic seizures are listed as a side effect, there are few reports.ObjectivesTo present a case-report of donepezil-induced epileptic seizures and a review study regarding the theme available in Medline.AimBrief literature review.MethodA case report is presented and literature of this theme shortly reviewed.ResultsThe case involves a 62-year-old female diagnosed with VD 6 months previously. Her medical history included a cerebrovascular accident 24 months earlier. She started the treatment with donepezil 5 mg and 48 hours later she was admitted in the Emergency with convulsions. She was unconscious for 20 minutes with urinary incontinence and bitten tongue. Normal blood analyses. A contrast brain CT showed a mild degree of cortical atrophy without new structural lesions. EEG showed mild and diffuse neuronal dysfunction with no grafoelements indicative of epilepsy. Donepezil was discontinued, no therapy was instituted and the patient has been convulsion free.ConclusionsThe mechanism of convulsive action of AChEIs isn’t clear. There are reports about centrally acting AChEIs inducing convulsions in patients with Dementia without any underlying neurological condition. Further research is needed to delineate the frequency of this effect and to extend our knowledge of the underlying pathophysiological mechanism in order to determinate the safety profile of AChEIs.
1915 – Social Risk Factors In The Evolution Of Schizophrenia - Try To a New Assessment
Authors: Pirlog M.C. , Marinescu D. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionSocial, family and environment factors significantly influence the evolution of schizophrenia, earning a place in compliance and adherence to treatment. Tools considered valid in assessment of correlation between risk of schizophrenia and social stressors can demonstrate their limits.Material and methodsRetrospective-prospective clinical trial on 81 patients diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, admitted in Craiova Mental Health Center (July 1st 2007 - June 30th 2012). We assess social stress using Social Stress Indicators (SSI) (Lloyd et al., 1995) and personal and social functioning using Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP) (Morosini et al., 2000).ResultsThe study group included 48 women (59.26%) and 33 males (40.74%), average age 45.36±8.50 years, average age of onset of disease 25.78±7.38 years and a median of evolution 18.96±8.97 years. SSI scores reveals the presence and intensity of social stress, average scores 99.89±18.24 (101.67±16.88 males, 98.67±19.20 women) correlated with unfavorable evolution. Aggressiveness (69.14%) and suicidal behavior (7.40%) was precipitated by acute stressors, confirming the common root of Cloninger behavior and social stress theory of depression (Turner). The relationship between social and genetic factors supports the diathesis model of schizophrenia. PSP scores (37.22±8.75) decrease in the presence of aggressiveness and suicidal behavior.ConclusionsInversion affection for mother, feeling of stolen social independence, manipulating of material and social action through mechanisms of delirium were independent factors for social stress. In schizophrenia, the high level of stress is dependent on the degree of remission and relationship between patient, family and society.
1916 – Influence Of Temperament On Patients With Bipolar Disorder In Association With Comorbid Substance Abuse Disorders
Authors: Pompei F. , Ferrara C. , De Persis S. , Porrari R. , De Filippis S. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionAffective temperament is a phenotype underpinned by a constitutional substrate.It represents signs related to certain mood stability and attitudes to react to environmental stimuli.Temperament has been related to predisposition to bipolar disorder.Bipolar disorder is highly related to Substance Abuse Disorders but it is less clear which affective temperaments are more involved in this relation and if they can influence substance abuse patterns.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate temperamental traits, according to the Akiskal and Mallya formulation, in patients with bipolar I disorder associated with comorbid substance abuse disorders.MethodsData from 120 patients with Bipolar Disorders and Comorbid substance abuse disorders, were assessed in inpatient unit.The brief TEMPS- M self-questionnaire was used to assess the temperamental distribution. The temperamental scores on various outcomes were investigated using Sperman rank (Rho), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Cluster Ananlysis (CA).ResultsChyclothymia was positively correlated to Opiate Addiction (ρ 0.18 p< 0.001).Irritability was positive correlated with Alchol Abuse and Cannabis Abuse (ρ 0.26 and 0.27 p< 0.001).The PCA and CA did not show statistically significant results although showed a trend to link irritability with alchool abuse.ConclusionOur results suggest that bipolar patients with comorbid substance abuse disorders exhibit a prevalent temperament of irritable and cyclothymic related to alcohol and cannabis abuse and opiate dependence respectively. Further studies are needed to explore this relationship.
1917 – Childhood Trauma And Developmental Processes
Authors: Graovac M. , Petrić D. , Kaštelan A. , Rebić J. , Biškup M. , Frančišković T. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionChildren can experience traumas in family, school and society, as well as participants in natural disasters, terrorism, war and civilian casualties. Their reactions depend on age, sex, individual ego strength, coping strategies, but also on the reactions of child's surrounding.ObjectivesClinical entities associated with the traumatic experience in children are common in psychiatric practice. Frequent manifestations of these experiences are classical clinical picture of PTSD, as well as depression, anxiety, somatization, behavior disorder, dissociative reactions, etc.AimsThe child's perception of the traumatic event, and subsequent developing psychiatric symptoms were the aims of this case report.MethodsWe present difficulties in growing a 9 years old girl, whose father, after being stricken at the front and had been treated for PTSD, attempted suicide.ResultsFaced with the traumatic situation, the patient used a self-protective mechanism suppressing negative emotions and memories to combat the negative effects of traumatic experience. Ways of coping were associated with the low degree of reliance with mother, brother and siblings. During adolescence she manifested symptoms intensified anxiety and depresion, guilt to encourage a sense of protection.ConclusionsSecure attachment is the first line of defense against psychopathology launched traumatic experience. In terms of traumatic events in the child unless objective factors related to the traumatic event affects a child's perception of danger / threat, and perceptions of care required and provided by others. In that space shape the emotional experience of the child, which includes a sense of helplessness, irretrievable loss, anger and betrayal.
1923 – Attachment Qualitative Approach In Penally Ordered Cares Among Sexoffenders Population In Penally Ordered Cares Apparatus
Authors: Chollier M. , Paulet C. , Bonierbale M. , Lancon C. ,   CRIR-AVS Paca
Published: July 2013

Sex offender (SO) population is heterogeneous, despite some traits have been isolated.Intuition about a link between insecure attachment pattern and antisocial behaviours, conduct problems or dyssocial personnality led to researchs among children and adolescents. On the whole, current studies aim at finding some pad between attachment theory and the construction of personnality and/or psychopathology.Adult attachment modality have been studied - datas on general population have been collected and updated by more standardized studies. Yet little is known about attachment quality and its implication in relationships and their handling, this is what this exploratory study is about.EXPLORATORY RESEARCH:Objectivesassess relationnal dynamics and representations (explicit and implicit) among SOAimsProvide interactionnal datasMethodsCaMir, MINI, AAI, structured interviewResultsThe sample is too small, though 1/ interactionnal patterns and distorsions can be individually identified, 2/ Two significant variables in SO group : misperception of parental support and memory block.ConclusionsWe can infer from this preliminary results the clinical relevance of the test, and the theoretical perspective to identify some schemes (or internal working models) among this population.ON-GOING RESEARCH (results to present):-comparison to control Group-multicentre studyObjectivesAssess relationnal dynamics and representations (explicit and implicit) among SO according to the diagnosis and coping strategiesAimsProvide interactionnal datas in assessment and treatment perspective, correlate the significant variables to coping strategy and other dimensions (social desirability…)MethodsCaMir, MINI, AAI, structured interview, Rorschach (Exner).Resultsto come.
1927 – Depressed Mood Modulates The Perception Of Emotion Facial Expressions: The Role Of Personality Vulnerability Factors
Authors: Mardaga S. , Iakimova G. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionDeficits in decoding emotion facial expressions have been reported in depressed patients and in subclinical depression. These deficits would be related to an attentional bias towards negative vs. positive expressions in the late stages of face processing. Such emotional bias would be a vulnerability factor for depression. Vulnerability to depressed mood has also been related to specific personality patterns (namely: high harm avoidance and low selfdirectedness) and it was advanced that personality-related differences in emotional stimulus processing might mediate this vulnerability.ObjectivesTherefore, the present study aims to precise the role of personality in emotion facial expression perception deficits in subclinical depression, by the mean of event-related potentials (ERPs).MethodsERPs were recorded in 21 subclinically depressed participants and 18 not-depressed ones, while they were presented neutral and emotional faces (happy, sad, fearful).ResultsThe results show that in subclinically depressed participants only, happy faces elicited smaller P300 and LPP amplitudes than both negative and neutral faces, while earlier processing stages were not modulated by depressed mood. Covariance analysis indicated that these modulations are related to the decreased selfdirectedness reported in subclinically depressed participants, but not to increased harm avoidance.ConclusionsThese results suggest that harm avoidance would be independent from the specific bias of emotional face processing related to depressed mood, whereas selfdirectedness would be involved in this phenomenon. The results will be discussed regarding clinical implications.
1934 – Psychotropics And Nonprescription Products Interactions: Current Awareness And Professional Practice
Authors: Udo I.I. , Rajendhran U. , Bell A. , Phelps K. , Nzekwe A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionChoosing appropriate medication when faced with intolerance or treatment non-efficacy can be challenging. Evidenced reasons for non-efficacy include medicinal interactions. Interactions between non prescribed products and psychotropics may be overlooked with negative consequences for clinical effectiveness and/or patient safety.AimThis study was conducted to explore the awareness and current practice of doctors in Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust (TEWV) with regards to obtaining and documentation of information on service users’ use of nonprescription products.MethodTEWV “Policy for Medicines Reconciliation on Admission of Adults to Hospital” states that lists of medicines prescribed by GP including those bought over the counter should be one of the minimum information available on admission. The availability of this information should ensure continuity of care and identification of adverse interactions. An electronic survey, using semi quantitative questionnaire, of doctors of all grades within the trust was used.Results69 responses were received. There was a high level (94.2%) of awareness of potential interactions and a corresponding high standard (94.2%) of practice in enquiring about use in medication history. Only 78.3% would document this and where indicated, only 50.7% would investigate further. There were 25 comments received under the themes of health concerns (4), choice and autonomy (5), responsibility (2), practice issues (10), survey design (1), training Issues (3).ConclusionThere was a high level of awareness among respondents but deficiency in documentation and further exploration indicating missed opportunities for health promotion.
1940 – Hyponatraemia And Depression In Later Life, The Need For Electrolyte Monitoring?
Authors: O’Donnell C. , Cowley C. , McCarthy G. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionHyponatraemia is an important medical condition, relevant to all practitioners working in old age psychiatry. This has important clinical implications to ensure patients commenced on antidepressant medication are monitored for electrolyte imbalance.Aims & objectivesTo identify the incidence and key features of cases of hyponatraemia in consecutive referrals to a rural community Psychiatry of Old Age service (population 18,000 over 65)MethodologyNaturalistic study design, routine referrals to the service were reviewed between 1/4/10 to 30/9/2011 and considered for inclusion. All hyponatraemia cases were identified and recorded at the MDT meeting. Clinical case notes and/or correspondence reviewed, data collected on demographics, psychiatric, medical diagnoses, psychotropic and general medication.Results796 referrals reviewed, 22 cases of hyponatraemia identified, (2.8%), 15 case notes available for review, 4 review letters (include key information required), 3 casenotes were missing and 2 did not meet inclusion criteria as outside the period of study. Of the 17 included (12 female, 5 male), mean age was 82.1, all widowed/ single, 94% diagnosis of depression, 5 dual diagnoses, Mean MMSE 26/30. 100% on psychotropic medication, (87% antidepressants, 58% SSRI's). Mean medication number was 9. 6/17 (35%) cases of hyponatraemia were judged to be directly related to SSRI medication.ConclusionHyponatraemia is an important clinical outcome that should be looked for in vulnerable populations with complex medical and psychiatric morbidity. Although many potential causes for hyponatraemia, SSRI antidepressants should be monitored with regular electrolytes in at risk patients (older age, polypharmacy, medical co-morbidity).
1944 – HMGB1 Danger Signaling Modulates t Cells Phenotype And Cytokine Profile In Response To Redox Status In Depressed Patients. An Effect On Glucocorticoid Receptor Function
Authors: Rybka J. , Kedziora-Kornatowska K. , Kupczyk D. , Kedziora J. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectivesWe aimed to study HMGB1, pro- and antioxidant status alongside with T cells phenotype and Th1 and Th17 proinflammatory cytokine profiles in depressed patient. We also investigated the glucocorticoid response.MethodsBlood was collected from patients diagnosed with recurrent depressive disorder (rDD) (N = 15) and from healthy controls (N = 19). We measuredplasma hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as well as SOD1, GPx, GR activities in red blood cells. HO1 and NOX4 levels in plasma were also assayed. IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-g, TNF-a, IL-17, HMGB1, neopterin and cortisol were analyzed in sera. Further, we examined surface phenotype expression of T regulatory and T effector cells with flow cytometer. The glucocorticoid response was measured by dexamethasone-induced inhibition of IL-6 produced by LPS-stimulated peripheral blood.ResultsWe observed pro- and antioxidant imbalance in depressed patients expressed by significant changes in the enzyme activities, increased MDA, decreased GSH, increased H2O2. Shifted Th1/Th17 cytokine ratios, increased Treg/Teffector cells ratio and increased levels of neopterin were also detected. Moreover, we revealed a distinct role of HMGB1 in maintaining cytokine and Treg/Teffector cells balance in depressed patients. HMGB1 remained also in relation with oxidant potential of the blood. The important role of IL-17 and inhibitory effect of MDA on glucocorticoids response was also revealed.ConclusionsStrong immunomodulatory role of HMGB1 might be related to the change of its activity caused by redox imbalance in depressed patients. The shifted immune balance alongside with prooxidative environment modulates glucocorticoid response in these patients.
1945 – Paraphrenia: Nosography And Phenomenology
Authors: Widakowich C. , Snacken J. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionParaphrenia was one of the last great inventions of classical psychiatry. Both the French school as the German school, have strongly discussed and tracked this clinical entity which is an intermediate form between paranoia and schizophrenia. First originally by Kahlbaum and then described by Kraepelin, the term will fall into oblivion after the appearance of the manual diagnosis DSM III, which will be listed under concepts so various as schizophrenia or delusional disorder chronic.MethodPresenting a case report of paraphrenia, we discuss around its nosography classification, its clinical presentation, its evolutionary process and possible differential diagnoses.AimsWe ask ourselves whether current standardized textbooks, it is still possible to observe this rich clinical entity.
1948 – Chilhood Onset Schizophrenia: Epidemiological And Clinical Preliminary Findings From a French Population-based Study
Authors: Dor-Nedonsel E. , Maria F. , Tosello A.-L. , Battista M. , Thümmler S. , Boublil M. , Messana M. , Poinso F. , Salle-Colmiche X. , Iakimova G. , Fontas E. , Askenazy F. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionChildhood-onset schizophrenia (COS) is a rare but severe psychiatric disorder with important individual, family and societal consequences. Its prevalence is approximately 2 per 10.000 in the general population and the incidence of COS increases with age.ObjectivesThe main objective of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of COS in French medical-social institutions or psychiatric day hospitals for children and adolescents in the PACA region. The secondary objectives were:(1)to estimate the prevalence of children with both COS and autism diagnosis,(2)to characterize clinical and neurocognitive presentation of COS using the evaluation of intensity of positive and negative symptoms (PANSS, SANS), of thought disorganization (TLC), of cognitive functioning, and of attention and executive functions (verbal fluency, TMT A, TMT B).MethodsSubjects were patients from medical-social and psychiatric care centers for children and adolescents in three PACA sub-regions in the south-east of France. The study included French speaking girls and boys between 7 and 18 years old, registered in a partner structure of the study, and presenting an IQ > 35 (WISC-IV). The study design was constituted by two phases: the first one was the categorical diagnostic phase using the psychosis section of the Kiddie-SADS Present and Lifetime Version. The second phase consisted of the dimensional COS diagnosis and neurocognitive exploration for the subjects fulfilling the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia.ResultsThe diagnosis of COS was not exceptional in this population. Most subjects diagnosed with COS also presented autism diagnosis and mental retardation.
1960 – The Evolution Of Old Patients With Chronic Severe Mental Illness Living In Housing Institutions For The Eldery Dependent
Authors: Gauillard J. , Perony A. , Lenoc Soudani M. , Fabreguettes C. , Schreyer C. 
Published: July 2013

Following cuts in the number of beds in psychiatric hospitals and general deinstitutionalisation, and thanks to the catchment area policy, people with major psychiatric disorders are not confined inside hospitals anymore. They can live in the community. These severely handicapped patients, mostly psychotic, often have long-term support, which allows them to live with a degree of autonomy. As they grow old, they become more dependent and need appropriate housing that is no longer psychiatric. The staff in nursing homes are often reluctant to deal with these patients who are weighed down by their disease. Besides, there is rarely genuine continuity in terms of support and treatment from local carers.Through a partnership established several years ago between public institutions dedicated to dependent persons and their local psychiatric teams, guidelines have been devised for a fruitful collaboration and to allow patients often viewed as complicated, to be looked after by gerontology teams who are more familiar with treating dementia.Over the course of time, therapeutic strategies - such as planned sequential psychiatric hospitalization - have been set up in order to prevent the patient from relapsing, and nursing staff from becoming exhausted. A reflection will be given on the part played by psychiatric teams similar to liaison psychiatry, with long-term assistance and training for gerontology staff.