bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clear cell carcinoma of the ovary: evaluation of prognostic parameters based on a clinicopathological analysis of 100 cases
Authors: Bennett Jennifer A , Dong Fei , Young Robert H , Oliva Esther 
Published: July 2014

AimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological features of ovarian clear cell carcinomas in order to identify which, if any, are prognostically significant, and to determine whether there is value in grading these tumours.Methods and resultsOne hundred tumours with clinical follow‐up were reviewed. Features evaluated included age, preoperative/intraoperative rupture, size, architectural pattern(s), presence of oxyphilic cells, degree of cytological atypia, nucleolar grade, mitoses, background precursor and stage. Survival differences were analysed using the log–rank test and Kaplan–Meier estimator. Stage and lymph node status were the only parameters that were statistically significant (P < 0.0001). Patients with stage I disease (71%) had a 92% 5‐year survival compared to a 31% 5‐year survival in advanced stage disease (29%). Those with negative lymph nodes (92%) had an 80% 5‐year survival compared to a 22% 5‐year survival for those with positive nodes (8%).ConclusionsThis study shows that stage and lymph node status are the only prognostically significant parameters in patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma. It also confirms that most patients with clear cell carcinoma present with disease confined to the ovary, and have an excellent prognosis. Grading ovarian clear cell carcinomas based on morphological features is not recommended, as none are of prognostic significance.
Multifocal synchronous mucinous adenocarcinomas arising in congenital pulmonary airway malformation: a case report with molecular study
Authors: Kim Moon‐Young , Kang Chang Hyun , Park Sung‐Hye 
Published: July 2014

AimsCongenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) is a rare developmental anomaly of the lung. Here, we report a case of mucinous adenocarcinoma arising in CPAM. A 23‐month‐old boy underwent a thoracoscopic lobectomy of the left upper lobe of the lung based on a presumptive diagnosis of asymptomatic CPAM, found in antenatal sonogram.Methods and resultsHistologically, the lesion was consistent with CPAM, Stocker type I. In addition, multiple foci ranging from mucinous epithelial hyperplasia to mucinous adenocarcinoma were detected. All lesions shared the same immunoprofile with the expression of cytokeratin (CK) 20, MUC5AC, and human epidermal growth factor receptor2 (HER2), but were negative for CK7, transcription factor 1 (TTF‐1), MUC1, CDX2, BRAF (VE1) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). K‐RAS point mutation (G12V) was also detected in all micro‐dissected mucinous lesions but EGFR mutation was not found. All lesions were consistent with mucinous adenocarcinoma. The patient's clinical course has been uneventful during the 12‐months follow‐up period.ConclusionsThis interesting case demonstrated that multiple foci in CPAM can synchronously transform into malignancies.
Myoepithelioma of bone with a novelFUS‐POU5F1fusion gene
Authors: Puls Florian , Arbajian Elsa , Magnusson Linda , Douis Hassan , Kindblom Lars‐Gunnar , Mertens Fredrik 
Published: July 2014

AimsMyoepithelial tumours of soft tissue are rare lesions with a broad morphological and clinical spectrum. Previous studies have foundEWSR1rearrangements in approximately half of all cases andPBX1,ZNF44andPOU5F1have been identified as recurrent fusion partners. In bone, only a small number of myoepithelial tumours have been described. We investigated an intraosseous myoepithelioma of the sacrum in a 54‐year‐old man withoutEWSR1rearrangement for the presence of other fusion genes.Methods and resultsG‐banding analysis, SNP‐array and fluorescencein situhybridisation suggested rearrangement of theFUSandPOU5F1genes. RT‐PCR confirmed a chimeric in‐frame transcript fusingFUSexon 5 toPOU5F1exon 2. The clinical course afteren blocresection was without recurrence or metastasis over a period of 87 months.ConclusionWe report a novelFUS‐POU5F1fusion gene in an intraosseous myoepithelioma of the sacrum. This case highlights thatFUScan replaceEWSR1as the N‐terminal transactivator in oncogenic fusion genes in myoepithelial tumours, similar to that which has previously been demonstrated in other tumour entities. Thus, in addition toEWSR1,alsoFUSneeds to be considered as a potential fusion partner in the molecular work up of myoepithelial tumours.
The anti‐inflammatory effect of cherry blossom extract (Prunus yedoensis) used in soothing skincare product
Authors: Zhang Y. Q. , Guan L. , Zhong Z. Y. , Chang M. , Zhang D. K. , Li H. , Lai W. 
Published: July 2014

SynopsisObjectivePrevious investigations suggested that cherry blossoms could provide valuable bioactive materials. However, few observations regarding the anti‐inflammatory effect of cherry blossoms were reported. This study was to explore the anti‐inflammatory effect of cherry blossom extract (CBE), which was used as a soothing ingredient in skincare product.MethodsIn vitro study, the anti‐inflammatory effect of CBE on the nitric oxide (NO) inhibition assay in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐treated RAW 264.7 cells was investigated. In vivo study, 40 volunteers were included in a randomized, single‐blinded, placebo‐controlled trial. 24‐hour‐occlusive test chambers were applied on the flexor side of the forearm with 3% sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS). Subsequently, the test areas were treated on 9 subsequent days with a cream containing 3% CBE or a placebo. Evaluation included a visual score and determination of erythema value (E value).ResultsIn vitro study, 2% CBE reduced NO production by 31.83% compared to the placebo. In the SLS irritant patch test, the visual score and erythema value of CBE were lower than that of the placebo on D5 and D9.ConclusionCherry blossom extract shows good anti‐inflammatory effect in vitro and in vivo and represents a promising functional ingredient in soothing skincare product by reducing skin inflammation.
Characterization of a human epidermis model reconstructed from hair follicle keratinocytes and comparison with two commercially models and native skin
Authors: Guiraud B. , Hernandez‐Pigeon H. , Ceruti I. , Mas S. , Palvadeau Y. , Saint‐Martory C. , Castex‐Rizzi N. , Duplan H. , Bessou‐Touya S. 
Published: July 2014

SynopsisObjectiveOuter root sheath (ORS) cells of human hair follicles are a readily available, non‐invasive source of keratinocytes for epidermis reconstruction. The aim of this study was to characterize a model of epidermis reconstructed from ORS cells (ORS‐derived model) and to evaluate its reproducibility, in comparison with native human skin and two marketed reconstructed skin models (model A, Episkin® and model B, Skinethic®).MethodsCell morphology and tissue architecture of the three models were analysed histologically and proliferation and differentiation marker expression by immunohistochemistry and mRNA quantification.ResultsAll models displayed the same general epidermal architecture as native epidermis, but with a thicker stratum corneum in models A and B. Compared with native epidermis, Ki67 was correctly localized in epidermal basal cells in all models, as K10 in suprabasal layers. In all skin models, transglutaminase 1 (TGM1) was prematurely expressed in suprabasal layers. However, this expression was only observed from the upper stratum spinosum in the ORS‐derived model. In this model, filaggrin and loricrin were correctly located in the stratum granulosum. Filaggrin, involucrin, loricrin and TGM1 mRNAs (markers of keratinocyte terminal differentiation) were transcriptionally expressed in all models. In the ORS‐derived model, transcriptional expression level was similar to that of native skin.ConclusionORS cell‐based reconstructed epidermis is a valid and reproducible model for human epidermis and it may be used to evaluate the effects of active substances and cosmetic formulations.
Factors affecting formulation characteristics and stability of ascorbic acid in water‐in‐oil creams
Authors: Sheraz M. A. , Khan M. F. , Ahmed S. , Kazi S. H. , Khattak S. Rehman , Ahmad I. 
Published: July 2014

SynopsisObjectiveThe present investigation is based on the formulation of water‐in‐oil (w/o) cream preparations of ascorbic acid (AA) at pH 4–6 using different emollients and humectants.MethodsThe preparations were stored in the dark at 30°C for a period of 3 months and were studied for their chemical and physical stability.ResultsThe pH of the creams appeared to influence the stability of AA as the degradation was found to increase with an increase in pH. The degradation of AA in w/o creams followed an apparent first‐order kinetics. Among all the preparations, the creams containing castor oil as emollient and glycerine as humectant showed highest viscosity and minimum degradation as compared with the creams containing other excipients. This indicated that higher the viscosity of the medium lower will be the degradation of AA. Citric acid (CT) was found to decrease the rates of degradation of AA in all the cream preparations.ConclusionThe physical mixtures of AA and CT showed no interaction between the two compounds by FTIR spectrometry indicating that the reduction in rates of degradation is due to the antioxidant activity of CT which protected AA to some extent from the atmospheric oxygen.
Tunable Color of Eu2+/Mn2+ Coactivated Na5Ca2Al(PO4)4 via Energy Transfer
Authors: Fen Zhang , Wanjun Tang 
Published: July 2014

Eu2+ and Eu2+/Mn2+‐activated Na5Ca2Al(PO4)4 phosphors have been synthesized by the combustion method. X‐ray powder diffraction profiles, luminescence spectra, chromaticity variation, and energy transfer of Na5Ca2Al(PO4)4:Eu2+, Mn2+ were investigated as a function of the Eu2+ and Mn2+ concentrations in Na5Ca2Al(PO4)4. The Na5Ca2Al(PO4)4:Eu2+,Mn2+ phosphors can be effectively excited at wavelength ranging from 300 to 430 nm, which matches well with that for near‐ultraviolet (UV) light‐emitting diode (LED) chips. Under excitation at 354 nm, Na5Ca2Al(PO4)4:Eu2+,Mn2+ not only exhibits blue‐green emission band attributed to 4f65d1→4f7 of Eu2+ but also gives an orange emission band attributed to 4T1→6A1 of Mn2+. The emission color of the phosphor can be systematically tuned from blue‐green through white and eventually to orange by adjusting the relative content of Eu2+ and Mn2+ through the principle of energy transfer. The results indicated that Na5Ca2Al(PO4)4:Eu2+, Mn2+ may serve as a potential color‐tunable phosphor for near UV white‐light LED.
Changes in oral microflora after full‐mouth tooth extraction: a prospective cohort study
Authors: de Waal Yvonne C.M. , Winkel Edwin G. , Raangs Gerwin C. , van der Vusse Marleen L. , Rossen John W.A. , van Winkelhoff Arie Jan 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of full‐mouth tooth extraction on the oral microflora, with emphasis on the presence and load of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis.Material and methodsAdult patients (n = 30), with moderate to advanced periodontitis and scheduled for full‐mouth tooth extraction, were consecutively selected. Prior to and 1 and 3 months after full‐mouth tooth extraction saliva, tongue, buccal and gingival mucosa and subgingival plaque/prosthesis samples were obtained. Aerobic and anaerobic culture techniques and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were employed for the detection of oral pathogens.ResultsFull‐mouth tooth extraction resulted in reduction below detection level of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis in 15 of 16 and 8 of 16 previously positive patients using culture techniques and qPCR, respectively. Those patients remaining qPCR positive showed a significant reduction in load of these bacteria.ConclusionFull‐mouth tooth extraction significantly changes the oral microflora. These changes include reduction of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis, frequently to levels below detection threshold. In some patients, A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis can persist in the edentulous oral cavity up to 3 months after full‐mouth tooth extraction.
Use of a Novel Cell Adhesion Method and Digital Measurement to Show Stimulus‐dependent Variation in Somatic and Oral Ciliary Beat Frequency in Paramecium
Authors: Bell Wade E. , Hallworth Richard , Wyatt Todd A. , Sisson Joseph H. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWhen Paramecium encounters positive stimuli, the membrane hyperpolarizes and ciliary beat frequency increases. We adapted an established immobilization protocol using a biological adhesive and a novel digital analysis system to quantify beat frequency in immobilized Paramecium. Cells showed low mortality and demonstrated beat frequencies consistent with previous studies. Chemoattractant molecules, reduction in external potassium, and posterior stimulation all increased somatic beat frequency. In all cases, the oral groove cilia maintained a higher beat frequency than mid‐body cilia, but only oral cilia from cells stimulated with chemoattactants showed an increase from basal levels.
Morphology and Phylogeny of Three Trachelocercid Ciliates, with Description of a New Species, Trachelocerca orientalis spec. nov. (Ciliophora, Karyorelictea)
Authors: Yan Ying , Gao Feng , Xu Yuan , Al‐Rasheid Khaled A. S. , Song Weibo 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThree trachelocercid ciliates, Trachelocerca orientalis spec. nov., Prototrachelocerca fasciolata (Sauerbrey, 1928) Foissner, 1996 and Tracheloraphis huangi Xu et al., 2011, isolated from marine coastal habitats at Qingdao, China, were taxonomically studied using observation in vivo and silver staining methods. The new species T. orientalis spec. nov. can be recognized by the combination of its size (600–1,200 μm in vivo), 15–21 somatic kineties and about 13 groups of macronuclear nodules forming a strand and the colorless globular cortical granules. Together with the sequence data of the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene, the information of a new isolate of P. fasciolata and three populations of T. huangi is also documented based on the present work. According to the molecular data, the phylogeny of three species is estimated and the analyses show that they are all found within the trachelocercid assemblage though T. huangi does not cluster with its congeners but with Trachelocerca species. Nonetheless, the monophyly of Trachelocerca is not rejected by the approximately unbiased test (p = 0.345 > 0.05), while that of Tracheloraphis is not confirmed (p = 0.0002 < 0.05).
Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Giardia, and Cryptosporidium Infecting White‐tailed Deer
Authors: Santin Monica , Fayer Ronald 
Published: July 2014

AbstractDespite a white‐tailed deer (WTD) population in the United States of approximately 32 million animals extremely little is known of the prevalence and species of the protists that infect these animals. This study was undertaken to determine the presence of potential human protist pathogens in culled WTD in central Maryland. Feces from fawns to adults were examined by molecular methods. The prevalence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia was determined by PCR. All PCR‐positive specimens were sequenced to determine the species and genotype(s). Of specimens from 80 WTD, 26 (32.5%) contained 17 genotypes of E. bieneusi. Four genotypes were previously reported (I, J, WL4, LW1) and 13 novel genotypes were identified and named DeerEb1‐DeerEb13. Genotypes I, J, and LW1 are known to infect humans. Ten (12.5%) specimens contained the Cryptosporidium deer genotype, and one (1.25%) contained Giardia duodenalis Assemblage A. The identification zoonotic G. duodenalis Assemblage A as well as four E. bieneusi genotypes previously identified in humans suggest that WTD could play a role in the transmission of those parasites to humans.
Sialyltransferase ST3Gal IV deletion protects against temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Srimontri Paitoon , Endo Shogo , Sakamoto Toshiro , Nakayama Yoshiaki , Kurosaka Akira , Itohara Shigeyoshi , Hirabayashi Yoshio , Kato Keiko 
Published: July 2014

AbstractTemporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) often becomes refractory, and patients with TLE show a high incidence of psychiatric symptoms, including anxiety and depression. Therefore, it is necessary to identify molecules that were previously unknown to contribute to epilepsy and its associated disorders. We previously found that the sialyltransferase ST3Gal IV is up‐regulated within the neural circuits through which amygdala‐kindling stimulation propagates epileptic seizures. In contrast, this study demonstrated that kindling stimulation failed to evoke epileptic seizures in ST3Gal IV‐deficient mice. Furthermore, approximately 80% of these mice failed to show tonic–clonic seizures with stimulation, whereas all littermate wild‐type mice showed tonic–clonic seizures. This indicates that the loss of ST3Gal IV does not cause TLE in mice. Meanwhile, ST3Gal IV‐deficient mice exhibited decreased acclimation in the open field test, increased immobility in the forced swim test, enhanced freezing during delay auditory fear conditioning, and sleep disturbances. Thus, the loss of ST3Gal IV modulates anxiety‐related behaviors. These findings indicate that ST3Gal IV is a key molecule in the mechanisms underlying anxiety – a side effect of TLE – and may therefore also be an effective target for treating epilepsy, acting through the same circuits.
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Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) often becomes refractory, and the patients show a high incidence of psychiatric symptoms, including anxiety and depression. We indicate that the loss of sialyltransferase ST3Gal IV protects against TLE in mice, while exhibits decreased acclimation in the open field, increased immobility in the forced swim, and enhanced freezing during delay auditory fear conditioning. These findings indicate that ST3Gal IV is an effective target for treating epilepsy, and is a key molecule in the mechanisms underlying anxiety.
Effects of Surface Treatments and Cement Types on the Bond Strength of Porcelain‐to‐Porcelain Repair
Authors: Mohamed Fatma Faiez , Finkelman Matthew , Zandparsa Roya , Hirayama Hiroshi , Kugel Gerard 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of four surface treatments and two resin cements on the repair bond strength of a ceramic primer.Materials and MethodsEighty‐eight pairs of disks (10 and 5 mm in diameter, 3 mm thickness) were prepared from heat‐pressed feldspar ceramics (GC Initial IQ). After being stored in mucin‐artificial saliva for 2 weeks, the 10‐mm disks were divided into four surface treatment groups (n = 22) and then treated as follows: (1) no treatment (control); (2) 40% phosphoric acid; (3) 5% hydrofluoric acid + acid neutralizer + 40% phosphoric acid; (4) silica coating (CoJet‐sand) + 40% phosphoric acid. The 5‐mm disks were treated with 5% hydrofluoric acid + 40% phosphoric acid. The two sizes of porcelain disks, excluding the control group, were primed with Clearfil Ceramic Primer. The specimens in each group were further divided into two subgroups of 11 each, and bonded with Clearfil Esthetic Cement (CEC) or Panavia F 2.0 Cement (PFC). The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours, thermocycled for 3000 cycles at 5 to 55°C, and stored at 37°C for an additional 7 days. Shear bond strength (SBS) was measured with a universal testing machine at a 0.5 mm/min crosshead speed until fracture. Statistical analysis of the results was carried out with a two‐way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test (α = 0.05). Debonded specimen surfaces were examined under an optical microscope to determine the mode of failure.ResultsThe statistical analysis showed that the SBS was significantly affected by surface treatment and resin cement (p < 0.05). For treatment groups bonded with CEC, the SBS (MPa) values were (1) 2.64 ± 1.1, (2) 13.31 ± 3.6, (3) 18.88 ± 2.6, (4) 14.27 ± 2.7, while for treatment groups cemented with PFC, the SBS (MPa) values were (1) 3.04 ± 1.1, (2) 16.44 ± 3.3, (3) 20.52 ± 2.2, and (4) 16.24 ± 2.9. All control specimens exhibited adhesive failures, while mixed types of failures were observed in phosphoric acid‐treated groups. The other groups revealed mainly cohesive and mixed failures.ConclusionsCombined surface treatment of etching with hydrofluoric acid and phosphoric acid provides the highest bond strengths to porcelain. Also, PFC exhibited higher SBS than CEC did.
Microtensile Bond Strength of Different Acrylic Teeth to High‐Impact Denture Base Resins
Authors: Colebeck Amanda C. , Monaco Edward A. , Pusateri Christopher R. , Davis Elaine L. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPurposeThis study evaluated the effect of denture base acrylic, denture tooth composition, and ridge‐lap surface treatment on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of three commercially available denture teeth and two injection denture processing systems.Materials and MethodsSixteen experimental groups were formed (n = 3), according to denture tooth surface treatment (no treatment or surface treatment recommended by the manufacturer), denture base processing technique and acrylic (SR‐Ivocap‐Ivocap Plus or Success‐Lucitone 199), and tooth type‐composition at bonding interface (BlueLine DCL‐PMMA, Portrait IPN‐PMMA, Phonares II‐PMMA, Phonares II‐NHC). Rectangular bar specimens with a 1 mm2 cross sectional area were fabricated and subsequently thermocycled at 10,000 cycles between 5°C and 55°C with a 15‐second dwell time. Select specimens underwent μTBS testing in a universal testing machine with a 1 kN load cell at 0.5 mm/min crosshead speed. Data were analyzed statistically by two and three‐way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test (α = 0.05).ResultsMean μTBS ranged between 56.2 ± 5.6 and 60.8 ± 5.0 N/mm2 for the Ivocap Plus specimens and 13.3 ± 5.12 to 60.1 ± 6.0 N/mm2 for the Lucitone 199 specimens. Among the Ivocap specimens, BlueLine DCL and Phonares II NHC had significantly higher μTBS than Portrait IPN to Ivocap Plus acrylic. There were no statistically significant differences among Blueline, Phonares II PMMA, and Phonares II NHC, or between Phonares II PMMA and Portrait IPN. Within the Luctione 199 specimens, there was a significantly higher μTBS for BlueLine DCL and Phonares II NHC denture teeth with the manufacturer‐recommended surface treatment when compared to control surface. BlueLine, Portrait, and Phonares II PMMA groups achieved significantly higher mean μTBS than the Phonares II NHC group. There were no statistically significant differences among BlueLine, Portrait, and Phonares II PMMA groups.ConclusionWhen evaluating the μTBS of PMMA and NHC denture teeth to base resins, a stronger bond was achieved using materials produced by the same manufacturer. Within the Luctione 199 specimens, the Phonares II NHC group demonstrated significantly lower bond strength than other specimens, suggesting that gross ridge‐lap reduction of NHC denture teeth is not recommended if a base acrylic by a different manufacturer from the tooth is going to be used.
An Innovative and Simple Approach to Functional Salivary Reservoir Fabrication
Authors: Shah Ronak Mukundkumar , Ajay Aras Meena , Chitre Vidya 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSaliva is a valuable oral fluid that is often taken for granted. Impaired salivary function is a major and a debilitating sequela of radiation treatment for patients with head and neck cancer. It can persist for years and thereby increases the risk of oral infection significantly. Moreover, it has a notably negative impact on the quality of life of such patients. To help overcome this problem, a number of techniques have been proposed for incorporating a reservoir containing salivary substitute into a removable prosthesis. A new design for a functional salivary reservoir is presented here. This design is simple to construct and easily maintained by the wearer. Details of its design, construction, and other potential advantages are presented.