bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deathbed phenomena reported by patients in palliative care: clinical opportunities and responses
Authors: Devery Kim , Rawlings Deb , Tieman Jennifer , Damarell Raechel 
Published: March 2015

Background: Reports from patients on seeing or hearing a dead relative or dreaming a highly significant dream at the end of life can be perplexing for health professionals who may wonder how best to respond. Aim: The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature on deathbed phenomena (DBP), and provide suggestions for a clinical response to dying patients’ recounts of these hard-to-explain phenomena. Methods: The authors searched for relevant studies which reported on DBP within a palliative care context. Eligibility criteria were established, a review process was employed and a narrative synthesis approach was used to interpret the data. Results: In total, eight papers met the inclusion criteria. Reported prevalence of DBP ranged from 24–51% with common themes described. Distinguishing between DBP and hallucinations was discussed, requiring very different clinical responses. Phenomena were timed most often in the last hours or days before death. Experiencing a DBP was, in most cases, deeply meaningful, bringing comfort, peace and reassurance. Health professionals were not surprised to hear of a DBP, but were not always well prepared to respond appropriately. Conclusions: Rather than simply dismissing DBP as medication related or the physiological effects of dying, the significance of these events and the comfort afforded by them to patients and carers should be recognised. Disclosure of DBP may enable health professionals to discuss more spiritual and existential concerns, which have the potential to offer hope, meaning and connection. We propose strategies and approaches for strengthening compassionate clinical practice in this area.
Population Health Measurement: Applying Performance Measurement Concepts in
Population Health Settings
Authors: Stoto Michael 
Published: March 2015

Introduction: Whether the focus of population-health improvement efforts, the
measurement of health outcomes, risk factors, and interventions to improve them are
central to achieving collective impact in the population health perspective. And because
of the importance of a shared measurement system, appropriate measures can help to
ensure the accountability of and ultimately integrate the efforts of public health, the
health care delivery sector, and other public and private entities in the community to
improve population health. Yet despite its importance, population health measurement
efforts in the United States are poorly developed and uncoordinated.Collaborative
Measurement Development: To achieve the potential of the population health perspective,
public health officials, health system leaders, and others must work together to develop
sets of population health measures that are suitable for different purposes yet are
harmonized so that together they can help to improve a community’s health. This begins
with clearly defining the purpose of a set of measures, distinguishing between outcomes
for which all share responsibility and actions to improve health for which the health
care sector, public health agencies, and others should be held accountable.Framework for
Population Health Measurement: Depending on the purpose of the analysis, then,
measurement systems should clearly specify what to measure—in particular the population
served (the denominator), what the critical health dimensions are in a measurement
framework, and how the measures can be used to ensure accountability. Building on a
clear understanding of the purpose and dimensions of population health that must be
measured, developers can then choose specific measures using existing data or developing
new data sources if necessary, with established validity, reliability, and other
scientific characteristics. Rather than indiscriminately choosing among the
proliferating data streams, this systematic approach to measure development can yield
measurement systems that are more appropriate and useful for improving population
health.
The Causal Relationship Between Government Revenue And Expenditure In Serbia
Authors: Luković Stevan , Grbić Milka 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This paper studies the causal relationship between government revenue and government expenditure in Serbia, using quarterly data for the 2003 (Q1) - 2012 (Q4) period. In addition to the theoretical arguments regarding this causality, extensive empirical literature is also available. The problem of the fiscal deficit has been a significant burden for the economic system of Serbia for a number of years. Therefore, the relationship between government revenue and government expenditure represents an important issue that should be studied empirically in order to draw certain conclusions. In this paper, the Toda-Yamamoto long-run non-causality method is used to determine whether the causal relationship between government revenue and government expenditure exists in Serbia. The application of this method confirms the existence of a unidirectional (one-way) causality running from government expenditure to government revenue, which means that government expenditure Granger-causes government revenue.
The Challenges Of Defining And Implementing Corporate Restructuring Programs
Authors: Stošić Ivan 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to present problems which get in the way of the implementation of planned structural changes brought about by restructuring. This is a very complex matter and a problem which currently troubles Serbia, considering the large number of enterprises which need to be restructured. As opposed to the practice of most developed countries, and even some transitional countries, with intense restructuring processes, these processes have been rather slow in Serbia. However, restructuring is becoming inevitable for a significant number of domestic enterprises. In some enterprises, restructuring needs to be implemented through the bankruptcy and liquidation procedure since there really are no grounds that support their assistance in the form of subsidies, which will indefinitely prolong their unprofitable operations without any chance for success in the market. Still, enterprises with a chance for success in the market can go a long way with the help of aggressive restructuring. With this in mind, the paper outlines some directions for development of corporate restructuring implementation plans.
The Impact Of Exchange Rate Pass-Through On Serbian Export Competitiveness
Authors: Marković Ivan , Marković Milan 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The permanent existence of inflation in Serbia adversely affects achievement of macroeconomic stability. Its effects are reflected in a decrease in the real exchange rate, low price competitiveness of exports and deterioration in the balance of payments. The real exchange rate is an instrument which shows that in conditions of faster growth rate in a country than abroad, the domestic economy can't be competitive in the international market. Implementation of appropriate exchange rate regime inevitably leads to problems of exchange rate changes on import prices and inflation. The research aims to demonstrate the interdependence of inflation and depreciation, and the fact that the general price level increase is a main factor that hinders the realization of the positive effects of the national currency depreciation. Unstable monetary situation in the country undermines the goal of stimulating exports through an increase in the nominal exchange rate and by reducing export prices in foreign currency. Export becomes uncompetitive, while the depreciation of the national currency is quickly spread to inflation through the exchange rate pass-through.
Synthesis of hydroxylated tryptanthrins as possible metabolites and characterization
Authors: Kim Dong Hyeon , Karim Moinul , Lu Yang , Jahng Yurngdong 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
A series of dihydroxytryptanthrins was prepared by the reaction of a suitably substituted isatoic anhydride and isatin as possible metabolites of tryptanthrin. A high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the synthetic compounds confirmed that 8,9-dihydroxytryptanthrin is the metabolite isolated from rat liver cytosolic metabolites. Although tryptanthrin shows strong cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines, none of the hydroxylated tryptanthrins exhibit any significant cytotoxicity against selected human cancer cell lines up to 50 μm.
Self-reconfigurable control architecture for complex mobile robots
Authors: Frost Jan , Stechele Walter , Maehle Erik 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Advanced mobile robot systems need to accomplish increasingly complex
task sets. However, to solve demanding problems, they are typically
optimized to a very restricted set of tasks and environments. This
work will therefore propose a self-reconfigurable software and
hardware architecture to allow the dynamic optimization of a robot
system depending on the current situation, i. e. the current task,
the robot inner state, and the environment. The proposed framework is
based on organic computing principles and unsupervised machine
learning techniques. It further uses dynamically reconfigurable Field
Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) as hardware accelerators. Preliminary
results will be presented, which demonstrate the feasibility of the
self-reconfiguration approach.
An overview on framework design for autonomous robots
Authors: Reichardt Max , Föhst Tobias , Berns Karsten 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Robotic software frameworks have major impact on development effort
and quality of robot control systems. This paper provides a condensed
overview on the complex topic of robotic framework design. Important
areas of design are discussed – together with design principles
applied in state-of-the-art solutions. They are related to software
quality attributes with a brief discussion on their impact. Based on
this analysis, the approaches taken in the framework Finroc are
briefly presented.
The robot software framework ArmarX
Authors: Vahrenkamp Nikolaus , Wächter Mirko , Kröhnert Manfred , Welke Kai , Asfour Tamim 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
With ArmarX we introduce a robot programming environment that has been developed in order to ease the realization of higher level capabilities needed by complex robotic systems such as humanoid robots.
ArmarX is built upon the idea that consistent disclosure of the system state strongly facilitates the development process of distributed robot applications.
We show the applicability of ArmarX by introducing a robot architecture for a humanoid system and discuss essential aspects based on an exemplary pick and place task.
With several tools that are provided by the ArmarX framework, such as graphical user interfaces (GUI) or statechart editors, the programmer is enabled to efficiently build and inspect component based robotics software systems.
Data analysis at scale
Authors: Gemulla Rainer 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
My research focuses on methods to analyze and mine
large datasets as well as their practical realizations and applications. The
key question of interest to me is: How can we effectively and efficiently
distill useful information from large, complex, and potentially noisy
datasets? To approach this question, we are developing systems for scalable
data analysis and data mining, for working with incomplete and noisy data, for
data-intensive optimization, as well as for extracting structured information
from natural-language text. This article highlights some of my work in these
areas.
An overview of dynamic resource scheduling on graphics processors
Authors: Steinberger Markus 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
In this paper, we present a series of scheduling approaches targeted for massively parallel architectures, which in combination allow a wider range of algorithms to be executed on modern graphics processors. At first, we describe a new processing model which enables the efficient execution of dynamic, irregular workloads.
Then, we present the currently fastest queuing algorithm for graphics processors, the most efficient dynamic memory allocator for massively parallel architectures, and the only autonomous scheduler for graphics processing units that can dynamically support different granularities of parallelism.
Finally, we show how these scheduling approaches help to advance the
state-of-the-art in the rendering, visualization and procedural modeling.
Ukraine Crisis 2014: A Study of Russian-Western Strategic Interaction
Authors: Ericson Richard E. , Zeager Lester A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of the Ukrainian crisis of 2014 through the lens of the Theory of Moves as formalized by [Willson, S.J., (1998), Long-term Behavior in the Theory of Moves, Theory and Decision, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 201–240]. It derives the equilibrium (ultimate outcome) states under various assumptions about Western and Russian preferences over outcomes. The “paths” of their generation, i.e., the sequences of strategic choices made by each side, are also explored, casting light on the structure of incentives guiding behavior in the conflict, and perhaps predicting what the actual outcome will be when the world moves beyond this crisis. Incomplete information on preferences prevents derivation of a unique prediction of the outcome of the crisis, but the analysis enables us to substantially narrow the range of possibilities.
Astroglial control of neuroinflammation: TLR3-mediated dsRNA-sensing pathways are in the focus
Authors: Salmina Alla B. , Komleva Yulia K. , Lopatina Olga L. , Kuvacheva Natalia V. , Gorina Yana V. , Panina Yulia A. , Uspenskaya Yulia A. , Petrova Marina M. , Demko Irina V. , Zamay Anna S. , Malinovskaya Natalia A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractNeuroinflammation is as an important component of pathogenesis in many types of brain pathology. Immune mechanisms regulate neuroplasticity, memory formation, neurogenesis, behavior, brain development, cognitive functions, and brain metabolism. It is generally believed that essential homeostatic functions of astrocytes – astroglia-neuron metabolic coupling, gliovascular control, regulation of proliferation, and migration of cells in the neurogenic niches – are compromised in neuroinflammation resulting in excitotoxicity, neuronal and glial cell death, and alterations of intercellular communication. Viral neuroinfection, release of non-coding RNAs from the cells at the sites of brain injury or degeneration, and application of siRNA or RNA aptamers as therapeutic agents would require dsRNA-sensing pathways in the cells of neuronal and non-neuronal origin. In this review, we analyze the data regarding the role of astrocytes in dsRNA-initiated innate immune response in neuroinflammation and their contribution to progression of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental pathology.
Harnessing the unconscious mind of the consumer: How implicit attitudes predict pre-conscious visual attention to carbon footprint information on products
Authors: Beattie Geoffrey , McGuire Laura 
Published: March 2015

AbstractConsumers clearly have a role to play in the global fight against climate change, since even relatively small changes in patterns of household consumption could significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. But what evidence is there that consumers do consider the environmental impacts of products when shopping? Indeed, how psychologically salient the carbon footprint labels that are now appearing on a range of products in various countries? Here we test the psychological salience of this information using eye tracking to identify, on a frame-by-frame basis, individual fixations on various features of the packaging, including carbon footprint. We found that the mean fixation level for carbon footprint was 12.2%, indicating it was indeed as salient as other important features. High or low levels of carbon footprint had no significant effect on gaze fixation. We also found no significant relationship between self-reported attitudes to low carbon products and overall level of fixation, nor was there any significant relationship between implicit attitude and level of fixation. But implicit attitude did significantly impact on the point of first fixation, in that those with a strong positive implicit attitude were significantly more likely to fixate first on carbon footprint information. This suggests that carbon labelling could potentially be effective for
Tying in comment sections: The production of meaning and sense on Facebook
Authors: Frobenius Maximiliane , Harper Richard 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis study investigates the organization of interaction through comments on the social networking site Facebook. Facebook offers a range of affordances that allow communication between users. These include written language in various settings (messaging, commenting, posting), as well as a range of non-verbal resources, such as uploading photos, sharing links, the “like”-button. Our analysis focuses on the post+commenting section, which users treat as a quasi-conversational space. Much as conversation is organized through the sequential unfolding of turns through time, the interaction in the comments section is organized according to a pattern that lets users “make sense” of the communication as a coherent exchange. This comment organizing mechanism, which is enacted through tying practices, operates on written language rather than spoken, and so needs to accommodate different affordances than turn-taking does: it has to be able to co-ordinate contributions not just through time, but through space as well. The theoretical significance of this research then is its exploration of a complex mechanism that is used by humans to maintain social order through writing and reading practices. In particular, it takes into account how the context of the website shapes people's communication through the resources made available.
A semiotic study on modality in Chinese Criminal Law and its English version
Authors: Li Li 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis paper is a semiotic study on modality in Chinese Criminal Law (CCL) and its English version from the perspective of Halliday's Systemic-Functional Grammar, Saussure's semiotic study, and Chinese semantic and pragmatic characteristics. The research aims to investigate what signifieds are used as modal expressions in CCL and its English version, the characteristics of their distribution, types (modalization and modulation), and values (high, median, and low), and the functions they serve in CCL and its English version. By probing the signified of modal expressions concerning types and values, the results turn quite positive that the signified used as modal expression of obligation and commands in English version of CCL are mostly realized by modal verbs of high value, the attitudes of permission by modal verbs of low value, the meaning of probability and ability used to be delivered by modal verbs of low value, and the prohibition of illegal acts used to apply modality of high value in negative form. Much importance should be attached to the functional study of modality to appropriately understand the signified of modality in Chinese legislations and its English translation.
Language, communication, and speech: Human signs in global semiosis
Authors: Petrilli Susan 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe main topics in this essay are reported in the section titles: Moving towards global semiotics; Encounters; Terminological issues and semiotic horizons; On biosemiotics and its recent history; Signs and life, the Gaia hypothesis; Signs and non-signs; Icon, index and symbol; Speech, language, and modelling; Communication and speech; Communication among others; Homologies and analogies in zoosemiosis; Totality and otherness; Otherness and nomination; Semiosis with language and semiosis without language. This theoretical excursus concludes with an interview with Professor Sebeok from the mid-1980s, here published in English for the first time.
From statistical bibliography to bibliometrics
Authors: Pehar Franjo 
Published: March 2015

The author’s intention in this paper is to inform the broader public of the historical development and major concepts of bibliometrics as an area of quantitative study of written communication, which today applies a set of modern methods and techniques of high-level statistical and mathematical formalization.
Statistical and other quantitative concepts, models and methods have taken on increasing importance over the past decades and aroused the interest of researchers from disciplines in the humanities and social sciences to the study of various phenomena in their own fields of study by using nomotetic practices aimed at the general search for ideographic principles derived from individual cases. Different scientific fields have developed separate subdisciplines to try to quantify and measure the different variables of (non)material world, for example the quantification of mental activities within psychometrics, feelings and interpersonal relationships in sociometrics, empirical evidence of economic principles in econometrics, the application of economic theories and techniques in the study of social and economic history in cliometrics, the quantitative study of sets of bibliographic records of human creativity within bibliometrics.
Mapping QTL, Selection Differentials, and the Effect of Rht‐B1 under Organic and Conventionally Managed Systems in the Attila × CDC Go Spring Wheat Mapping Population
Authors: Asif M. , Yang R.‐C. , Navabi A. , Iqbal M. , Kamran A. , Lara E. P. , Randhawa H. , Pozniak C. , Spaner D. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTA randomly derived recombinant inbred line (RIL) population (n = 163) from a cross between CIMMYT spring wheat ‘Attila’ and the Canadian ‘CDC Go’ was used to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting various agronomic and quality traits. The experiment was also designed to investigate the feasibility of organic wheat breeding by determining selection differentials and the effect of Rht‐B1 in paired organic and conventional management systems. Heritability estimates differed between systems for five of nine traits measured; including grain yield, number of tillers, plant height, kernel weight, and grain protein content. Direct selection in each management system resulted in 50% or fewer selected individuals in common between the two systems, for eight of the nine (except for flowering time) studied traits. Most QTL were specific to either the organic or the conventional management system. However, consistent QTL for grain yield, grain volume weight, kernel weight, and days to flowering were mapped in both systems on chromosomes 6A, 1B, 3A, and 5B, respectively. The effect of Rht‐B1 was more pronounced in organic systems, where RILs carrying the wild‐type allele were taller, produced more grain yield with higher grain protein content, and suppressed weed biomass to a greater extent than those carrying dwarfing alleles. Results of the present study suggest that differences exist between the two management systems for QTL effects. Indirect selection of superior genotypes from one system to another will not result in the advancement of the best possible genotypes. Therefore, selection of spring wheat cultivars for organic systems should be conducted on organically managed lands.