bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate change impact on seaweed meadow distribution in the North Atlantic rocky intertidal
Authors: Jueterbock Alexander , Tyberghein Lennert , Verbruggen Heroen , Coyer James A. , Olsen Jeanine L. , Hoarau Galice 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe North‐Atlantic has warmed faster than all other ocean basins and climate change scenarios predict sea surface temperature isotherms to shift up to 600 km northwards by the end of the 21st century. The pole‐ward shift has already begun for many temperate seaweed species that are important intertidal foundation species. We asked the question: Where will climate change have the greatest impact on three foundational, macroalgal species that occur along North‐Atlantic shores: Fucus serratus, Fucus vesiculosus, and Ascophyllum nodosum? To predict distributional changes of these key species under three IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) climate change scenarios (A2, A1B, and B1) over the coming two centuries, we generated Ecological Niche Models with the program MAXENT. Model predictions suggest that these three species will shift northwards as an assemblage or “unit” and that phytogeographic changes will be most pronounced in the southern Arctic and the southern temperate provinces. Our models predict that Arctic shores in Canada, Greenland, and Spitsbergen will become suitable for all three species by 2100. Shores south of 45° North will become unsuitable for at least two of the three focal species on both the Northwest‐ and Northeast‐Atlantic coasts by 2200. If these foundational species are unable to adapt to the rising temperatures, they will lose their centers of genetic diversity and their loss will trigger an unpredictable shift in the North‐Atlantic intertidal ecosystem.
LED illumination affects bioactive compounds in romaine baby leaf lettuce
Authors: Samuolienė Giedrė , Brazaitytė Aušra , Sirtautas Ramūnas , Viršilė Akvilė , Sakalauskaitė Jurga , Sakalauskienė Sandra , Duchovskis Pavelas 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effect of light quality on phytochemicals in romaine baby leaf lettuce ‘Thumper’ was investigated in (I) a closed environment and (II, III) a greenhouse (16 h, 21/17 °C): (I) basal (638, 455, 660, 735 nm) LEDs supplemented with UV (380 nm), green (510 nm), yellow (595 nm) or orange (622 nm) LEDs (PPFD of ∼175 µmol m−2 s−1); (II) high‐pressure sodium (HPS) lamps (90 µmol m−2 s−1) supplemented with blue (455, 470nm) or green (505, 530nm) LEDs (30 µmol m−2 s−1); (III) at 3 days before harvesting, HPS lamps (90 µmol m−2 s−1) supplemented with red (638 nm) LEDs (210 µmol m−2 s−1).RESULTS(I) Supplemental UV or orange light enhanced phenolic compounds, supplemental UV or green light enhanced α‐carotene, and supplemental green light enhanced anthocyanins. All supplemental LED colours had a negative effect on tocopherol and ascorbic acid levels. (II) HPS lighting supplemented with different LEDs was not efficient, since the increase in some compounds did not compensate the decrease in major tested phytochemicals. (III) Short‐term irradiation with supplemental 638 nm LEDs before harvesting in the greenhouse did not have a significant effect on phytochemical contents, apart from enhancing tocopherols.CONCLUSIONWavelength control using LED technology affects the production of secondary metabolites, as the metabolism of many nutrients is light‐dependent. The narrow‐bandwidth supplemental light effects were diminished by broader‐spectrum HPS light or natural daylight in the greenhouse. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
3Drefine: Consistent protein structure refinement by optimizing hydrogen bonding network and atomic‐level energy minimization
Authors: Bhattacharya Debswapna , Cheng Jianlin 
Published: April 2013

AbstractOne of the major limitations of computational protein structure prediction is the deviation of predicted models from their experimentally derived true, native structures. The limitations often hinder the possibility of applying computational protein structure prediction methods in biochemical assignment and drug design that are very sensitive to structural details. Refinement of these low‐resolution predicted models to high‐resolution structures close to the native state, however, has proven to be extremely challenging. Thus, protein structure refinement remains a largely unsolved problem. Critical assessment of techniques for protein structure prediction (CASP) specifically indicated that most predictors participating in the refinement category still did not consistently improve model quality. Here, we propose a two‐step refinement protocol, called 3Drefine, to consistently bring the initial model closer to the native structure. The first step is based on optimization of hydrogen bonding (HB) network and the second step applies atomic‐level energy minimization on the optimized model using a composite physics and knowledge‐based force fields. The approach has been evaluated on the CASP benchmark data and it exhibits consistent improvement over the initial structure in both global and local structural quality measures. 3Drefine method is also computationally inexpensive, consuming only few minutes of CPU time to refine a protein of typical length (300 residues). 3Drefine web server is freely available at http://sysbio.rnet.missouri.edu/3Drefine/. Proteins 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Discrete time output feedback sliding mode tracking control for systems with uncertainties
Authors: Govindaswamy S. , Floquet T. , Spurgeon S.K. 
Published: April 2013

SUMMARYThis paper describes a method for designing discrete time static output feedback sliding mode tracking controllers for uncertain systems that are not necessarily minimum phase or of relative degree one. In this work, a procedure for realizing discrete time controllers via a particular set of extended outputs is presented for systems with uncertainties. The conditions for existence of a sliding manifold guaranteeing a stable sliding motion are given. A procedure to synthesize a control law that minimizes the effect of the disturbance on the sliding mode dynamics and the augmented outputs is given. The proposed control law is then applied to a benchmark aircraft problem taken from the literature that represents the lateral dynamics of a F‐14 aircraft under powered approach. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Influence of Friction on the Texture Formation of a IF Steel during Hot Rolling in the Ferrite Region
Authors: Jia Ming Xia , Lü Ya Ping , Xu Ling Feng , Song Yue Peng 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe effect of friction on evolution of the microstructure and texture during hot rolling in the ferrite region was studied with secondary electromicroscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffractometer, and FEM simulation. The friction between a roll and a steel sheet surface leads to the formation of notable through‐thickness texture gradients. The finite element method (FEM) simulation shows that the large friction coefficient between a roll and sample results in a pronounced variation of ${\dot {\varepsilon }}_{13} $ (shear strain rate) and large ε13/ε11 value which accounts for strong {110}<001> texture components and weak γ‐fiber components at rolled sheet surface; whereas the friction condition do not exert notable effect on texture formation at the sheet center.
Prophylactic Mesh Placement in High‐Risk Patients Undergoing Elective Laparotomy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nachiappan Subramanian , Markar Sheraz , Karthikesaligam Alan , Ziprin Paul , Faiz Omar 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundIncisional hernia is a significant complication in patients undergoing elective laparotomy. Its incidence is increased in patients with risk factors, such as obesity and chronic respiratory disease. The purpose of this pooled analysis was to evaluate the use of prophylactic mesh placement following laparotomy in high‐risk patients.MethodsA systematic literature search of MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane database was conducted. Outcome measures were incidence of postoperative incisional hernia, seroma, and wound infection rates.ResultsFive randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) and four comparative studies that met the inclusion criteria were identified. In total, 464 patients who underwent laparotomy closure with mesh placement and 755 patients who underwent conventional laparotomy closure were included. A reduced incidence of incisional hernia was observed when laparotomy was combined with prophylactic mesh placement in pooled analysis of RCTs (pooled odds ratio = 0.32; 95 % confidence interval = 0.12–0.83; P = 0.02) and comparative studies (pooled odds ratio = 0.11; 95 % confidence interval = 0.04–0.33; P < 0.001) respectively. No significant differences were observed in the incidence of seroma or wound infection following prophylactic mesh placement.ConclusionsThe results of this pooled analysis suggest a benefit to prophylactic mesh placement during laparotomy closure in high‐risk patients with a significantly reduced incidence of incisional hernia without any significant differences in seroma formation and wound infection rates. Further studies must evaluate the incidence of mesh‐specific complications, including foreign body sensation and chronic pain, before strong recommendations can be made.
Development and Scale‐up of Aqueous Surfactant‐Assisted Extraction of Canola Oil for Use as Biodiesel Feedstock
Authors: Tuntiwiwattanapun Nattapong , Tongcumpou Chantra , Haagenson Darrin , Wiesenborn Dennis 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAqueous surfactant‐assisted extraction (ASE) has been proposed as an alternative to n‐hexane for extraction of vegetable oil; however, the use of inexpensive surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and the effect of ASE on the quality of biodiesel from the oil are not well understood. Therefore, the effects on total oil extraction efficiency of surfactant concentration, extraction time, oilseed to liquid ratio and other parameters were evaluated using ASE with ground canola and SDS in aqueous solution. The highest total oil extraction efficiency was 80 %, and was achieved using 0.02 M SDS at 20 °C, solid–liquid ratio 1:10 (g:mL), 1,000 rpm stirring speed and 45 min contact time. Applying triple extraction with three stages reduced the amount of SDS solution needed by 50 %. The ASE method was scaled up to extract 300 g of ground canola using the best combination of extraction conditions as described above. The extracted oil from the scale‐up of the ASE method passed the recommendation for biodiesel feedstock quality with respect to water content, acid value and phosphorous content. Water content, kinematic viscosity, acid value and oxidative stability index of ASE biodiesel were within the ASTM D6751 biodiesel standards.
The CYP2E1 inhibitor DDC up-regulates MMP-1 expression in hepatic stellate cells via an ERK1/2- and Akt-dependent mechanism
Authors: Liu Tianhui , Wang Ping , Cong Min , Xu Youqing , Jia Jidong , You Hong 
Published: April 2013

DDC (diethyldithiocarbamate) could block collagen synthesis in HSC (hepatic stellate cells) through the inhibition of ROS (reactive oxygen species) derived from hepatocyte CYP2E1 (cytochrome P450 2E1). However, the effect of DDC on MMP-1 (matrix metalloproteinase-1), which is the main collagen degrading matrix metalloproteinase, has not been reported. In co-culture experiments, we found that DDC significantly enhanced MMP-1 expression in human HSC (LX-2) that were cultured with hepatocyte C3A cells either expressing or not expressing CYP2E1. The levels of both proenzyme and active MMP-1 enzyme were up-regulated in LX-2 cells, accompanied by elevated enzyme activity of MMP-1 and decreased collagen I, in both LX-2 cells and the culture medium. H2O2 treatment abrogated DDC-induced MMP-1 up-regulation and collagen I decrease, while catalase treatment slightly up-regulated MMP-1 expression. These data suggested that the decrease in ROS by DDC was partially responsible for the MMP-1 up-regulation. ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2), Akt (protein kinase B) and p38 were significantly activated by DDC. The ERK1/2 inhibitor (U0126) and Akt inhibitor (T3830) abrogated the DDC-induced MMP-1 up-regulation. In addition, a p38 inhibitor (SB203580) improved MMP-1 up-regulation through the stimulation of ERK1/2. Our data indicate that DDC significantly up-regulates the expression of MMP-1 in LX-2 cells which results in greater MMP-1 enzyme activity and decreased collagen I. The enhancement of MMP-1 expression by DDC was associated with H2O2 inhibition and coordinated regulation by the ERK1/2 and Akt pathways. These data provide some new insights into treatment strategies for hepatic fibrosis.
Why Are Chinese Mothers More Controlling Than American Mothers? “My Child Is My Report Card”
Authors: Ng Florrie Fei‐Yin , Pomerantz Eva M. , Deng Ciping 
Published: April 2013

Chinese parents exert more control over children than do American parents. The current research examined whether this is due in part to Chinese parents' feelings of worth being more contingent on children's performance. Twice over a year, 215 mothers and children (Mage = 12.86 years) in China and the United States (European and African American) reported on psychologically controlling parenting. Mothers also indicated the extent to which their worth is contingent on children's performance. Psychologically controlling parenting was higher among Chinese than American mothers, particularly European (vs. African) American mothers. Chinese (vs. American) mothers' feelings of worth were more contingent on children's performance, with this contributing to their heightened psychological control relative to American mothers.
Bundles of Firm Corporate Governance Practices: A Fuzzy Set Analysis
Authors: García‐Castro Roberto , Aguilera Ruth V. , Ariño Miguel A. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractManuscript TypeEmpiricalResearch Question/IssueWe explore how the combinations of firm‐level corporate governance (CG) practices embedded in different national governance systems lead to high firm performance.Research Findings/InsightsUsing fuzzy set/qualitative comparative analysis, we uncover a variety of findings. First, we show that within each of the stylized nationalCGmodels, there are multiple bundles of firm‐level governance practices leading to high firm performance (i.e., equifinality). Second, we provide evidence of complementarity as well as functional equivalence betweenCGpractices. Finally, we demonstrate that there can be heterogeneity (“differences in kind”) in firm governance practices within each stylized model ofCG.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsWe build on the configurational and complementarity‐based approaches to make the following theoretical claims. First, governance practices within firm bundles do not always relate to each other in a monotonic and cumulative fashion as this entails higher costs and possibly over‐governance. Second, practices in bundles do not need to be aligned toward the insider or the outsider model (“similar in kind”). We argue that non‐aligned practices can also be complementary, creating hybrid governance forms. Third, we predict functional equivalence across bundles ofCGpractices which grants firms agency on which of the practices to implement in order to achieve high performance.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsWe contribute to comparativeCGresearch by demonstrating that there are multiple governance paths leading to high firm performance, and that these practices do not always belong to the same national governance tradition. Therefore, our findings alert of the perils of “one size fits all” governance solutions when designing and implementingCGpolicies.
Probabilistic Selling, Channel Structure, and Supplier Competition*
Authors: Cai Gangshu (George) , Chen Ying‐Ju , Wu Chi‐Cheng , Hsiao Lu 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTProbabilistic selling has recently been introduced to facilitate consumer segmentation. It allows the retailer to mix products from multiple competing suppliers to generate a probabilistic good. The probabilistic good effectively creates consumer differentiation, and its presence invites extensive interactions among channel participants. In this article, we show that the equilibrium channel structure may be asymmetric: one supplier retains his brand‐name product and the other one delegates to the retailer. We further show that this asymmetric equilibrium can be mutually beneficial for all firms compared with other equilibria. In addition, the introduction of the probabilistic good is beneficial to the channel members.
Retailer Transshipment versus Central Depot Allocation for Supply Network Design
Authors: Rosales Claudia R. , Rao Uday S. , Rogers David F. 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTWe consider a supply chain structure with shipments from an external warehouse directly to retailers and compare two enhancement options: costly transshipment among retailers after demand has been realized vs. cost‐free allocation to the retailers from the development of a centralized depot. Stochastic programming models are developed for both the transshipment and allocation structures. We study the impact of cost parameters and demand coefficient of variation on both system structures. Our results show an increasing convex relationship between average costs and demand coefficient of variation, and furthermore that this increase is more pronounced for the allocation structure. We employ simulation and nonlinear search techniques to computationally compare the cost performance of allocation and transshipment structures under a wide range of system parameters such as demand uncertainty and correlation; lead times from the external warehouse to retailers, from warehouse to central depot, and from depot to retailers; and transshipment, holding, and penalty costs. The transshipment approach is found to outperform allocation for a broad range of parameter inputs including many situations for which transshipment is not an economically sound decision for a single period. The insights provided enable the manager to choose whether to invest in reducing lead times or demand uncertainty and assist in the selection of investments across identical and nonidentical retailers.
A Cooperative Savings Game Approach to a Time Sensitive Capacity Allocation and Scheduling Problem
Authors: Aydinliyim Tolga , Vairaktarakis George L. 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTWe consider a competitive scheduling setting with arbitrary number of agents each having the option to utilize two parallel resources to satisfy its demand: (i) an in‐house resource dedicated to process only the tasks of each specific agent, and (ii) a flexible resource capable of processing all agents' workloads. In a noncooperative setting, each agent would determine how much of its demand it will subcontract to the flexible resource with the objective to deliver its entire demand as quickly as possible subject to the priority rules set by the owner of the flexible resource (i.e., third‐party). In this study, we also allow for agents to coalesce with other agents and update their initial subcontracting decisions to attain rescheduling savings. Evidently, a grand coalition of all agents can coordinate to achieve the maximum savings possible, but the resulting schedule may yield individual losses for a subset of agents (which we refer to as “losers”), thus necessitating a transfer payment scheme to distribute the rescheduling savings among the agents in an equitable way. We model the rescheduling interactions among the agents as a cooperative savings game, and propose savings distribution schemes that invoke the core allocation concept.
Hepatocyte transplantation for inherited metabolic diseases of the liver
Authors: Jorns C. , Ellis E. C. , Nowak G. , Fischler B. , Nemeth A. , Strom S. C. , Ericzon B. G. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractInherited metabolic diseases of the liver are characterized by deficiency of a hepatic enzyme or protein often resulting in life‐threatening disease. The remaining liver function is usually normal. For most patients, treatment consists of supportive therapy, and the only curative option is liver transplantation. Hepatocyte transplantation is a promising therapy for patients with inherited metabolic liver diseases, which offers a less invasive and fully reversible approach. Procedure‐related complications are rare. Here, we review the experience of hepatocyte transplantation for metabolic liver diseases and discuss the major obstacles that need to be overcome to establish hepatocyte transplantation as a reliable treatment option in the clinic.
Developing Guidelines for Disclosure or Non‐Disclosure of Bad News Around Life‐Limiting Illness and Death to People With Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Tuffrey‐Wijne Irene , Giatras Nikoletta , Butler Gary , Cresswell Amanda , Manners Paula , Bernal Jane 
Published: April 2013

BackgroundThere is insufficient evidence to guide decisions around (non‐)disclosure of bad news of life‐limiting illness and death to people with intellectual disabilities.AimThe aim of this study was to develop guidelines for decisions about (non‐)disclosure of bad news around life‐limiting illness and death to people with intellectual disabilities, by examining stakeholders' preferences (and reasons) around disclosure and non‐disclosure.Materials and methodsFocus groups and interviews were held with 109 participants: people with intellectual disabilities, family carers, intellectual disabilities professionals and medical healthcare professionals.ResultsPeople with intellectual disabilities had wide‐ranging views about disclosure. Reasons for non‐disclosure included: preventing distress; too difficult for the bearer of bad news; the bearer of bad news lacks knowledge; inability to understand; no sense of time; conflicting views among stakeholders. Reasons for disclosure included: a right to know; knowledge helps the person cope; need for involvement.ConclusionDisclosure of bad news could cause harm in some situations, but this needs careful assessment. The authors present guidelines for disclosure that now need to be tested in practice.
Review of the key results from the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) trial – a prospective controlled intervention study of bariatric surgery
Authors: Sjöström L. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractObesity is a risk factor for diabetes, cardiovascular disease events, cancer and overall mortality. Weight loss may protect against these conditions, but robust evidence for this has been lacking. The Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study is the first long‐term, prospective, controlled trial to provide information on the effects of bariatric surgery on the incidence of these objective endpoints. The SOS study involved 2010 obese subjects who underwent bariatric surgery [gastric bypass (13%), banding (19%) and vertical banded gastroplasty (68%)] and 2037 contemporaneously matched obese control subjects receiving usual care. The age of participants was 37–60 years and body mass index (BMI) was ≥34 kg m−2 in men and ≥38 kg m−2 in women. Here, we review the key SOS study results published between 2004 and 2012. Follow‐up periods varied from 10 to 20 years in different reports. The mean changes in body weight after 2, 10, 15 and 20 years were −23%, −17%, −16% and −18% in the surgery group and 0%, 1%, −1% and −1% in the control group respectively. Compared with usual care, bariatric surgery was associated with a long‐term reduction in overall mortality (primary endpoint) [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54–0.92; P = 0.01] and decreased incidences of diabetes (adjusted HR=0.17; P < 0.001), myocardial infarction (adjusted HR = 0.71; P = 0.02), stroke (adjusted HR=0.66; P = 0.008) and cancer (women: adjusted HR = 0.58; P = 0.0008; men: n.s.]. The diabetes remission rate was increased severalfold at 2 years [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 8.42; P < 0.001] and 10 years (adjusted OR = 3.45; P < 0.001). Whereas high insulin and/or high glucose at baseline predicted favourable treatment effects, high baseline BMI did not, indicating that current selection criteria for bariatric surgery need to be revised.