bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifespan prediction of glass fiber reinforced polymers subjected to flexural creep and elevated temperatures using analytical and numerical analyses
Authors: Alhayek Abdulrahman , Syamsir Agusril , Supian A. B. M. , Usman Fathoni 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper presents the experimental, analytical, and numerical extensive investigation into the flexural creep performance of pultruded glass fiber reinforced polymer (pGFRP) composites at elevated service temperatures. The experimental phase involved a physical testing program on pGFRP coupons in a four‐point bending setup covering a wide range of loads (12%, 24%, and 37% stress levels) and temperature conditions (20, 40, and 60°C) over a long test duration of 720 h. The analytical Burgers model was employed to provide theoretical insights into the time‐dependent deformation behaviors, while the finite element analysis (FEA) simulations using derived reduction factor validated the accuracy of the proposed procedure. Burgers model was able to capture the experimental data very well and reached the ultimate strain failure limit within about 1.4–50 years depending on the case. The proposed simple FEA procedure yielded a pattern closely resembling the one observed from Burgers model in which they resulted in estimated endurance times with a roughly 15% difference between them.Highlights
The higher stress and/or temperature, the longer the primary creep stage is.
Burgers model is able to capture the experimental data very well in all conditions.
Burgers general equation is able to predict failure within about 1.4–50 years.
A proposed reduction factor based on Burgers model is utilized in FEA
The FEA procedure shows a roughly 15% difference compared to Burgers model.
Studying the effect of different pore‐formers on characteristics and separation performance of PCTFE MF membrane
Authors: Yari Hamideh , Pakizeh Majid , Dashti Ali , Pourafshari Chenar Mahdi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWhen fabricating polymeric membranes using the non‐solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) technique, the characteristics and performance of the resulting membranes are significantly influenced by the additives incorporated into the casting solution. In this study, polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) microfiltration (MF) membranes were fabricated using different pore‐formers including organic solvents, inorganic salts, and polymers. PCTFE was used as an attractive polymer for the first time in the liquid filtration process. This is due to its favorable properties for MF membranes such as ease of processing, high mechanical robustness, and fouling‐resistance. Dimethylformamide (DMF), ethanol, NaCl, ammonium bicarbonate, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were incorporated at 1–4 wt% concentration as pore‐forming agents into the PCTFE solution. The prepared membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water contact angle measurement, and their filtration performance was assessed by pure water permeability (PWP) measurement and separation of milk fat in a cross‐flow membrane module. From the results, the overall porosity, surface porosity, mean pore size, hydrophilicity, PWP, steady flux, and fat rejection were in the following order for the modified membranes: PCTFE/DMF > PCTFE/PEG > PCTFE/ethanol > PCTFE/ammonium bicarbonate > PCTFE/NaCl. Among modified membranes, the highest fat rejection (95.8%) was obtained for the 1 wt% DMF‐containing casting solution. The fat rejection of this membrane was slightly less than the neat PCTFE membrane (97.5%), but its steady permeate flux was more than twice that of the pure sample. Additionally, the anti‐fouling and mechanical characteristics of the membranes were also investigated to assess the suitability of PCTFE polymers for the MF process.Highlights
MF process was conducted using novel PCTFE flat‐sheet membranes.
The PCTFE membrane was prepared with different pore‐formers.
Using different concentrations of pore‐formers affected the membrane structure.
Using pore‐formers affected the PCTFE membrane performance.
Fabrication of antibacterial bio‐composite from polyvinyl alcohol incorporated with Azadirachta indica
Authors: Hossain Md. Tanvir , Shahid Md. Abdus 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study focuses on the development of a bio‐composite by combining polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with Azadirachta indica (neem) extract using the film casting method. The morphological structure was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), antibacterial properties were assessed through the agar disc diffusion method, and thermal behaviors were studied using TGA and DSC. Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to investigate the bonding behavior, and a Universal Strength Tester was used to determine the mechanical properties. The SEM image revealed that the surface of the produced PVA and neem bio‐composite (PNBC) exhibited a moderate texture and porosity of 11.13% and 9.25%, respectively. The developed bio‐composite exhibited antibacterial activity with inhibition zones of 18 mm against E. coli and 21 mm against S. aureus. The FTIR spectra of the bio‐composites displayed distinctive peaks corresponding to both PVA and neem, confirming their presence in the material. The material's elongation at break (117.493 mm) and elongation at peak (64.159 mm) reflect its capacity for deformability and flexibility under stress. Moreover, PNBC has a Tg of 84°C, a pyrolysis temperature of 266°C, and degrades between 230 and 400°C, as shown by DSC and TGA. Finally, the results of this experiment were compared with available literature and a cost analysis was conducted.Highlights
Bio‐composite is developed by combining PVA with Azadirachta indica (neem) extract using the film casting method.
The morphological structure, antibacterial properties, mechanical, and thermal behaviors have been studied.
The bio‐composite shows inhibition zones of 18 mm against E. coli and 21 mm against S. aureus.
The material's elongation at break (117.493 mm) and elongation at peak (64.159 mm) reflect its capacity for deformability and flexibility under stress.
The results are compared with the literature and a cost analysis is presented.
Experimental Study on Preparation and Physical Properties of Nanofluids
Authors: Liu Yan , Dong Mingda , Liu Zhihao , Gu Huichao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, three nanofluids, CuO, SiC, and TiO2, are prepared by a two‐step method, and the factors affecting the stability, thermal conductivity, viscosity and density of the three are analyzed, so as to provide theoretical reference for strengthening heat transfer of the nanofluids. First, the effects of different dispersant addition amounts, magnetic stirring time, and ultrasonic oscillation time on the stability of nanofluids are analyzed in this paper, and finally chose the best solution for preparing three nanofluids. Second, the paper determines the thermal conductivity, viscosity, and density of three kinds of nanofluids and explores the factors affecting their physical properties. The thermal conductivity of the three nanofluids at the highest temperature is 2.9, 3.2, and 1.4 times that of the lowest temperature, respectively. When the temperature increased from 25 to 65 °C, the viscosity of CuO nanofluids decreases the most at different volume concentrations, and the viscosity decreases by 41.3% at 0.6% volume concentration. The density of nanofluids decreases with the increase of temperature and increases with the increase of volume concentration. At 25 °C, the density of SiC nanofluid increases the most with the volume concentration, and its density increases by 0.72%.
Risk factors and clinical outcomes of pulmonary hypertension associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely premature infants: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Bo , Qu Shuang‐Shuang , Li Ling‐Xue , Zhou Nan , Liu Ning , Wei Bing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis systematic review and meta‐analysis evaluated the risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia associated pulmonary hypertension (BPD‐PH) in extremely premature infants (gestational age < 32 weeks) and its impact on outcomes. A computerized search of eight databases was performed, from the time of library construction to February 2024. The quality of the included studies was assessed with the Newcastle‒Ottawa scale. Statistical analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4.1 and Stata 16.0 software. Meta‐analysis of 2137 extremely premature infants revealed that oligohydramnios (OR = 2.21, 95% CI 1.06–4.61), low gestational age (SMD = −0.36, 95% CI −0.47 to −0.24), low birth weight (SMD = −0.54, 95% CI −0.74 to −0.35), small for gestational age (OR = 1.61, 95% CI 1.06–2.44), neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (OR = 2.05, 95% CI 1.45–2.91), grade III bronchopulmonary dysplasia (OR = 4.67, 95% CI 1.34–16.30), and sepsis (OR = 2.25, 95% CI 1.69–4.66) were risk factors for BPD‐PH, whereas antenatal steroids (OR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.49–0.88) were protective factors. BPD‐PH led to the extension of oxygen therapy (SMD = 0.67, 95% CI 0.42–0.92) and hospital stay (SMD = 0.77, 95% CI 0.14–1.40), and elevated the risk of discharged on oxygen (OR = 2.77, 95% CI 1.35–5.70) and death (OR = 4.38, 95% CI 2.21–8.69). BPD‐PH is a multifactorial disease. In this study, a total of seven risk factors, and one protective factor for BPD‐PH were identified in extremely premature infants. By managing and mitigating these factors, it is possible to decrease the occurrence of BPD‐PH. Furthermore, BPD‐PH may increase the risk of a poor prognosis in extremely premature infants.
Inhibition of Yeast Hexokinase by Acyl Glucosides of Phloretin and its Implication in the Warburg Effect
Authors: Cervantes Fadia V. , Fernandez‐Arrojo Lucía , Coscolin Cristina , Berrojo Alicia , Gonzalez‐Alfonso José L. , Perez de la Lastra José M. , Ferrer Manuel , Curieses‐Andres Celia M. , Andres‐Juan Celia , Ballesteros Antonio O. , Perez‐Lebeña Eduardo , Plou Francisco J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractContrary to differentiated cells, cancer cells predominantly convert glucose to lactate even under conditions of adequate oxygen supply (“Warburg effect”). The initial enzyme implicated in this route is hexokinase, which transforms D‐glucose into D‐glucose‐6‐phosphate. We proposed the use of different polyphenols (resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, pterostilbene, phloretin) and their derivatives (α‐glucosides and acylated α‐glucosides) to inhibit this enzyme. For this study, we used Saccharomyces cerevisiae hexokinase, whose two isoforms show high resemblance at the active site with human hexokinase HK2. To monitor the reactions, a method of anion‐exchange chromatography coupled with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC‐PAD) was developed. Remarkably, most of the assayed compounds inhibited the enzyme more than 50 % in the standard assay. Among them, phloretin 4’‐O‐(6’’‐O‐octanoyl)‐α‐D‐glucopyranoside showed the highest inhibition and was studied in depth to determine the inhibition pattern and inhibition constant. The Ki for glucose was calculated to be 22.1±0.4 μM. Computational models of inhibition were carried out with the three molecules displaying the highest inhibition, and correlated adequately with the observed inhibitory effects on the enzyme. The inhibitory effect of several of the assayed polyphenols on hexokinase and their lack of toxicity renders them promising candidates as adjuvant drugs for cancer therapy.
Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial and DFT Studies of Novel Quinolino‐Pyrazole Derivatives
Authors: Dayananda P. , Nayak Janardhana , Kudva Jyothi , Chethan D. M. , D'Souza Vineetha Telma 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSynthesis of novel (E)‐N‐(4‐(substituted)benzylidene)‐6‐substituted‐1H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]quinoline‐1‐carbothioamides/carboxamides was achieved by the condensation of 6‐substituted‐1H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]quinoline‐1‐carbothioamides/carboxamides with substituted benzaldehydes in alcoholic medium in the presence of acetic acid. The structures of synthesized compounds are assigned on the basis of FT IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass Spectral data. The compounds are subjected for their antibacterial, antifungal and DFT studies. Compounds, (E)‐6‐chloro‐N‐(4‐(dimethylamino)benzylidene)‐1H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]quinoline‐1‐carbothioamide (5 b), (E)‐6‐chloro‐N‐(4‐(dimethylamino)benzylidene)‐1H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]quinoline‐1‐carboxamide (5 f), and (E)‐6‐chloro‐N‐(4‐hydroxybenzylidene)‐1H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]quinoline‐1‐carboxamide (5 j) possessed pronounced antibacterial and antifungal activities due to their chemical structure.
A Photolithography‐Free Fabrication Strategy for Perovskite Photodetector Array with High‐Security Imaging Application
Authors: Zhang Jianfeng , Ding Ziyi , Liu Zhanwei , Li Guijun , Kwok Hoi‐Sing , Liu Yuan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMetal halide perovskites have attracted significant attention for high‐performance and cost‐effective photodetector (PD) arrays in recent years. Traditional perovskite photodetector arrays typically rely on planar structure and photolithography, which limit resolution and involve complex, costly processes. To address these challenges, an innovative, lithography‐free fabrication strategy is proposed utilizing direct laser writing ablation and a surface energy‐assisted selective growth process. A 10 × 10 self‐powered perovskite photodetector array is demonstrated with a vertical cross‐bar structure fabricated on a laser‐ablated textured Indium‐Tin Oxide (ITO) substrate which improves the device performance. The device exhibits a fast photoresponse and effective imaging capability. Moreover, the intrinsic physical disorder and randomness of perovskite provide highly secure entropy sources, making the photodetector array suitable for physical unclonable function (PUF) devices. This method offers a promising opportunity for simplifying the fabrication process, enhancing manufacturability, and advancing the application of perovskite PD arrays in secure imaging systems.
“I feel listened to and heard”: How social support fosters a sense of belonging for low‐income STEM majors
Authors: Payne Madison R. , LaDue Nicole D. , Dugas Daryl , Winitkun Duangkamon , Schmidt Stephanie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPersistence across undergraduate science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) programs is exceptionally low. Recent studies have shown that social support and sense of belonging are particularly important for students who are historically underrepresented in STEM, yet few interventions have directly targeted or investigated these factors. This qualitative study investigates low‐income, high‐achieving undergraduate STEM students' perceptions of their belonging in the context of a 2‐year peer social support group intervention. Interview analysis of 11 participants demonstrates that these STEM students attribute their sense of belonging to feelings or displays of comfort, commonality, community, and concerted effort. The peer group facilitated increases in participants' social support and sense of belonging by allowing participants to build friendships, recognize shared experiences, connect to their campus, build confidence with peers, and feel supported in their non‐academic and academic struggles. Although the program's main objective was to build participants' sense of belonging, the social support provided through the peer group also acted as a mechanism for increasing information‐related social capital. We recommend the implementation of similar non‐academic, supportive social spaces to increase the sense of belonging and overall persistence of low‐income STEM students.
Successful treatment of a case of feline idiopathic hypercalcaemia with cinacalcet
Authors: Peak Kerry , Paul Amanda , Walker Joshua , Rapastella Sofia , Jones Bryn , Diez Federico , Mellanby Richard 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA 5‐year‐old, male, neutered, domestic shorthair cat was diagnosed with idiopathic hypercalcaemia. It had been previously treated for idiopathic sterile pyogranulomatous disease; however, at the time of diagnosis of the hypercalcaemia, it was receiving no treatment and there was no evidence of recurrence of disease. Treatment of the hypercalcaemia with alendronate, chia seeds and dietary modification was unsuccessful. Treatment with prednisolone was considered inappropriate due to the patient's pre‐diabetic state. Treatment was initiated with cinacalcet, which resulted in resolution of the hypercalcaemia. This report is the first to describe the successful use of cinacalcet to resolve hypercalcaemia in a cat.
Weather, heritage, and memory
Authors: Adamson George , Rapson Jessica 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSense of place and identity are related to the weather, and to memories and perceptions of what constitutes “normal” weather for a particular place. Weather is an important ingredient of cultural life; thus, long‐term changes to weather patterns can affect sense of place and sense of reality, although these changes will not be experienced uniformly. We argue that weather and climate should thus be considered forms of intangible cultural heritage, which we refer to as weather‐heritage. Drawing attention to place‐specific weather‐heritage that is threatened by climate change may increase support for mitigation and adaptation policies and encourage behavior change from individuals and governments. A heritage/memory lens can also draw attention to the ways in which lost weather‐heritage should be memorialized, ensuring that the right to memory of lost weather‐heritage is maintained. We therefore argue for a new research focus on weather‐heritage and memory, to understand how people remember and ascribe significance to particular weather types and patterns, and to document weather‐heritage that has been lost or is likely to be lost as climate changes. One purpose of this research should be to ensure that weather‐heritage is plural and does not become a majoritarian and exclusionary exercise in uncritical nostalgia.This article is categorized under:
Climate, History, Society, Culture > Ideas and Knowledge
Perceptions, Behavior, and Communication of Climate Change > Perceptions of Climate Change
Trans‐disciplinary Perspectives > Humanities and the Creative Arts
Comparison of clinical and patient‐reported outcomes in patients with benign euthyroid solitary nodules after ultrasound‐guided percutaneous microwave ablation and endoscopic thyroidectomy
Authors: Yadav Sanjay Kumar , Mehra Akanksha , Agarwal Pawan , Sharma Dhananjaya , Johri Goonj , Mishra Anjali 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundPercutaneous ultrasound‐guided microwave ablation (MWA) for benign solid thyroid nodules is the newest modality for treatment. However, the differences in treatment outcomes between MWA and endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) for patients with benign euthyroid solitary nodules remain unknown. We are sharing initial results from our prospective study.MethodsProspective study between January 2022 and December 2023 was conducted and data were noted at 3 time points in patients planned for treatment (Preoperative, 1 week, and 12 months). Main outcome measures were clinical outcome and comparison of thyroid‐related quality of life using the ThyPRO‐39hin and swallowing‐related quality of life using the SWAL‐QoL.ResultsOf the 36 included patients, 20 patients underwent TOETVA and 16 underwent MWA. Both the groups were comparable in terms of demographic and clinicopathological profiles. The nodule volume reduction rate of patients at 12 months after MWA was 75.10% and 100% for TOETVA. The mean preoperative ThyPRO‐39hin and SWAL‐QoL scores were comparable in all domains between the two groups. Mean ThyPRO‐39hin and SWAL‐QoL scores on postoperative day 7 were significantly better in the MWA group in domains impaired social life (p < 0.0001) and impaired daily life (p = 0.0002). However, at the end of 12 months, mean ThyPRO‐39hin and SWAL‐QoL scores became significantly better in the TOETVA group as compared to the MWA group.ConclusionOur findings suggest that transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy results in significant superior clinical outcome, thyroid‐related quality of life, and swallowing‐related quality of life in the long term.
Structure Prediction and Mechanical Properties of Tantalum Carbide (TaC) on ab initio Level
Authors: Zagorac Dejan , Zagorac Jelena , Škundrić Tamara , Pejić Milan , Jovanović Dušica , Schön J. Christian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTantalum carbide (TaC) is an extremely hard, brittle, refractory ceramic material with excellent physical properties, which makes it a desirable material in e. g. aerospace industries. In order to explore the range of feasible modifications of TaC, we have executed a crystal structure prediction study of the TaC chemical system using a multi‐methodological approach, via enthalpy landscape explorations of pristine TaC at different pressures, supplemented by data mining searches in the ICSD database. Local structure relaxations have been accomplished by using Density Functional Theory (DFT). The global minimum is found to correspond to the equilibrium rock salt (NaCl) type modification. Additionally, eight new phases of tantalum carbide are predicted to be feasible: the WC‐type, the NiAs‐type, the 5‐5‐type, the ZnS‐type, the Ring_TaC‐type, the CsCl‐type, the Ortho_TaC‐type, and the Tetra_TaC‐type. Furthermore, the elastic and mechanical properties of the predicted TaC modifications were explored on the DFT level of computation. The promising values of some of the mechanical properties of the proposed tantalum carbide modifications suggest that various scientific, industrial, and technological applications of TaC should be possible.
The Italian Agency for Development Cooperation. Culture as a People-Centered Path to Development: Best Practices from Fragile Areas—An Overview of Actions in Jordan, Palestine, Lebanon, Afghanistan, Pakistan
Authors: Abenante Paola , Strinati Fabio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis text outlines the Italian Agency for Development Cooperation’s approach to culture as a tool of Prosperity, which contributes to the creation of favourable conditions for socio-economic development. It argues that such an approach must necessarily be people-centred and attentive to ownership and inclusivity, especially when dealing with culture, understood as a process and product of human expression. To promote culture in development involves prioritizing people’s meanings, goals, tools and, more broadly, societies’ right to self-determination and to establishing their own development priorities. An attention to culture and cultural diversity in development favors a process in which multiple parties come together and leverage their respective tools to achieve shared and more sustainable results. An array of projects carried out by AICS in the Region focused on in this volume, exemplify how, from a methodological and operational standpoint, Italian actions are designed to generate economic activity and participation for and through culture, placing people at the center.