bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Echocardiography used for treatment in heart failure accompanied by thyroid storm: Case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Su , Zhao Yijing , Yang Yu , Pan Yuting , Wang Kun 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageThis case highlights the importance of carefully weighing the benefits and risks of beta‐adrenergic blockade therapy based on symptoms, echocardiography, and BNP values in thyroid storm patients.AbstractThyroid storm is a rare but life‐threatening condition in thyrotoxic patients. The keys to successful management of thyroid storm are early diagnosis, immediate anti‐thyroid medications, and preventing multiorgan failure. We present a case of thyroid storm, acute decompensated heart failure, and atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response. We initiated propranolol to control thyroid storm. Soon after, the patient developed more severe heart failure with decreased ejection fraction (EF). We switched to diltiazem to control tachycardia, but the therapeutic effect was unsatisfactory. Finally, we used an ultra‐short‐acting beta‐adrenergic blockade with strict monitoring of heart rate and echocardiography, and the patient survived. Beta‐adrenergic blockades should be used cautiously in thyroid storm, especially patients with severe heart failure. Echocardiography can be used to aid in selection and monitoring of therapeutic drugs and prognostic outcomes in patients with thyroid storm and heart failure.
Spontaneous resolution of hepatic artery aneurysms due to segmental arterial mediolysis
Authors: Kaya Serhat , Akkuzu Gamze , Dablan Ali , Bes Cemal , Özden İlgin , Yardımcı Aytül Hande 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageIn asymptomatic patients with lesions in SAM measuring <3 cm, conservative monitoring is an appropriate option, with the anticipation of uncomplicated recovery in some cases.
Flexor carpi radialis muscle atrophy due to cervical spondylotic amyotrophy
Authors: Elleuch Fatma , Elleuch Wafa , Ghroubi Sameh , Elleuch Mohamed Habib 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessagePresenting a rare case of flexor carpi radialis atrophy secondary to cervical spondylotic amyotrophy.AbstractA 52‐year‐old man with a history of cervicobrachial neuralgia presented with an advanced atrophy of the right flexor carpi radialis muscle with a groove hollowed out on the anterior surface of the right forearm. The spine MRI showed that this rare atrophy was related to a cervical spondylotic amyotrophy.
Use of a transcervical approach to retrieve a foreign body from the upper esophagus
Authors: Sigdel Brihaspati , Pokhrel Amrit , Subedi Bipin , Subedi Indra , Ghimire Bidhan , Paudel Shankar 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageForeign bodies such as bone with a sharp end can penetrate the esophageal wall and lie extramurally. When a foreign body is not found on rigid oesophagoscopy, reassessing with imaging is important. The transcervical approach is a better alternative for such patients to remove the foreign bodies.
A rare case of pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) presenting as short stature in an 8‐year‐old female
Authors: Sen Kamana , Bhandari Kritick , Simkhada Suman , Humagain Karuna , Basnet Prasnna , Shah Pawan Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessagePituitary stalk interruption syndrome is a rare, congenital abnormality. Early identification and treatment can improve patient prognosis and quality of life and prevent adverse effect on growth and development. The patient described is an 8‐year‐old child with a history of short stature.
Neurosurgical intervention for giant arachnoid cyst‐induced hydrocephalus in a teenager: Delving into Pandora's box
Authors: Chaudhary Rahul Kumar , Khan Sajjad Ahmed , Khatiwada Aakash , Praween Raihana , Mandal Abinash Kumar , Parajuli Surya Bahadur 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageEarly recognition and prompt surgical intervention are crucial in managing giant arachnoid cysts causing obstructive hydrocephalus, as illustrated in this case of a 17‐year‐old male. Timely treatment can alleviate symptoms and prevent neurologic complications, ensuring favorable outcomes in affected patients.
Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides with Hydrogen (H2‐SCR‐DeNOx) over Platinum‐Based Catalysts
Authors: Jabłońska Magdalena , Osorio Hernández Adrián 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSelective catalytic reduction of NOx with hydrogen (H2‐SCR‐DeNOx) is applied among other techniques (i. e., SCR‐DeNOx by applying NH3 or hydrocarbons as reducing agents) to control nitrogen oxides from mobile and stationary sources. As a zero carbon technology, which efficiently reduces NOx below 200 °C, H2‐SCR‐DeNOx has gained attention in installations and plants with H2 availability. The catalytic properties of platinum‐based catalysts with the main focus on the applied supports (i. e., inorganic oxides and zeolites) are given in detail. Another focus concerns on how the feed composition affects catalytic properties, specifically the levels of oxygen, water vapor, sulfur, and carbon oxides present in the exhausts. The major challenges are presented in enhancing the N2 selectivity and stability of catalysts at low temperatures without affecting their activity. Promising research prospects in this area include the development of catalysts with improved dispersion and distribution of Pt particles. In addition, the proposed bi‐functional (dual‐function) reaction mechanism over Pt‐containing catalysts, together with the adsorption/dissociation mechanism and NO oxidation/reduction mechanism, is described and critically reviewed. Also, Pd‐based catalysts are briefly discussed. It is expected that the review will provide broad insights into the design and optimization of catalysts in the H2‐SCR‐DeNOx.
Ionic Liquids Functionalized Copper Catalytic Systems for Electrocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction
Authors: Fu Zizhuo , Zhang Jingfang , Wu Haonan , Gao Yanan , Hu Hui , Shi Lijuan , Yi Qun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe extensive combustion of fossil fuels results in excessive release of carbon dioxide (CO2), causing a global environmental crisis. It is imperative to develop sustainable methods for converting CO2 into renewable energy sources. Electrochemical reduction of CO2 (CO2RR) offers the potential to generate valuable chemicals, including C1 products (e. g., carbon monoxide, methane, etc.) and C2+ products (e. g., ethene, ethanol, acetic acid, propyl alcohol, etc.). Copper‐based (Cu‐based) catalysts show promise for producing value‐added C2+ products, but they face challenges like low selectivity and stability. The catalytic performances of Cu‐based catalysts can be promoted through electronic structure adjustment, selective crystal face exposure, as well as molecular additive approaches. Ionic liquids (ILs), known for their strong CO2 adsorption capacity, adjustable hydrophobicity, and wide chemical window, hold significant promise for addressing the current challenges associated with Cu‐based catalysts. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the structural characterization and catalytic mechanisms of ILs used in Cu‐based CO2RR catalytic systems. Additionally, it offers suggestions for future research avenues regarding IL‐functionalized Cu catalysts.
Modification of an AIE Fluorescent Probe for Monitoring the Polarity of Lipid Droplets Based on a Series of Synthesized Aryl Naphthalizes
Authors: Ji Xun , Zhang Zhi‐Hao , Sun Shao‐Bin , Wang Jian‐Yong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLipid droplets (LDs) are subcellular organelles that are dynamic and play a central role in energy homeostasis and lipid metabolism. They also contribute to the transport and maturation of cellular proteins and are closely associated with several diseases. The important role of the cellular microenvironment in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Changes in cell polarity, particularly in organelles, have been found to be strongly linked to inflammation, Alzheimer's disease, cancer, and other illnesses. It is essential to check the polarity of the LDs. A series of arylated naphthalimide derivatives were synthesized using the Suzuki reaction. Modification of synthesized aryl naphthalimides using oligomeric PEG based on intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism. A series of fluorescent probes were designed to target LDs and detect their polarity. Nap‐TPA‐PEG3 probe exhibited high sensitivity to polarity. The addition of oligomeric polyethylene glycol (PEG) to the probe not only significantly improved its solubility in water, but also effectively reduced its cytotoxicity. In addition, the probe exhibited excellent aggregation‐induced luminescence (AIE) properties and solvent discolouration effects. Nap‐TPA‐PEG3 probe exhibited high Pearson correlation coefficient (0.957163) in lipid droplet co‐localization in cells. Nap‐TPA‐PEG3 could be used as an effective hand tool to monitor cell polarity.
Design and Conformation of Separators for High‐performance Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Niu Ben , Luo Die , He Xianru , Wang Xin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) are considered promising candidates for large‐scale energy storage due to their high safety, low cost, and environmental friendliness. As a core component, separator plays a unique yet oftentimes overlooked role in providing electrochemical stability in AZIBs. This concept focuses on the exquisite structure‐property relationship of separators, highlighting three forms of these components and their structural design requirements, i. e., traditional membranes, solid‐state electrolytes, and electrode coatings. The mechanism by which separators influence the zinc anode and the cathode is discussed. The article also identifies the challenges and potential future directions for functional separators in the development of high‐performance AZIBs.
Fabrication of a Multi‐Functional Separator Incorporating Crown ether‐ Polyoxometalate Supramolecular Compound for Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Jiang Xinyuan , Wu Yuchao , Lv Zengxiang , Yang Guang , Wang Mengyao , Zhou Qiuping , Shen Yunjun , Chen Ming , Ni Lubin , Diao Guowang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRecently, research on polyoxometalates (POMs) has gained significant momentum. Owing to their properties as electronic sponges, POMs catalyst harbor substantial potential in lithium‐sulfur battery research. However, POMs undergo a transformation into reduced heteropoly blue (HPB) during electrochemical reactions, which then dissolve into the electrolyte, resulting in catalyst loss. In this research, we amalgamated 18‐crown‐6 (CR6) with K3PW12O40, (KPW), synthesized a novel POM‐based supramolecular compound, and integrated it with graphene oxide (GO) to fabricate a multi‐functional composite polypropylene (PP) separator KPW‐CR6/GO/PP. The crown ether array was employed to immobilize POM and construct ion transport channels, thereby enhancing the Li+ migration rate and capturing polysulfides. Subsequently, leveraging the stable structure and redox properties of POM, the polysulfide is catalyzed to transform and inhibit the shuttle effect, thereby protecting the Li anode. The lithium‐sulfur batteries with the Crown ether‐POM supramolecular compound separators, exhibit enhanced capacity and stability (1073.3 mAh g−1 at 1.0 C, and 81.5 % retention rate after 250 cycles). The battery (S loading: 3.2 mg cm−2) presents an initial specific discharge capacity of 543.4 mAh g−1 at 0.5 C, with 89.8 % of the capacity retained after 160 cycles. This underlines the practical application potential of Crown ether‐POM supramolecular materials in Li−S batteries.
Arsenic and zinc concentrations in wheat grains under soil zinc application and arsenic‐contaminated irrigation
Authors: Basit Ammara , Hussain Shahid 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAbove‐permissible levels of arsenic (As) in irrigation water lead to toxic levels in wheat grains, increasing health risks for humans. In this study, two zinc (Zn)‐biofortified wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars (Akbar‐2019 and Zincol‐2016) were grown in pots with two Zn application rates (0 and 8 mg Zn kg−1) and three levels of As in irrigation water (distilled‐water control, 100 and 1000 µg As L−1). Irrigation with As‐contaminated water decreased dry matter yields, concentrations of grain phosphorus (P) and Zn, and estimated daily intake (EDI) of Zn. Conversely, it increased grain As concentration and As EDI. Soil Zn application mitigated the negative effects of As on dry matter yields of both cultivars while simultaneously enhancing grain Zn concentration and Zn EDI. On average, Zn application increased grain Zn concentration by 114% compared to no Zn application. Additionally, Zn application decreased grain As concentration at all As levels. In conclusion, this study suggests that applying Zn to Zn‐biofortified wheat irrigated with As‐contaminated water can mitigate the toxic effects of As on wheat. It increase Zn concentration and decrease As concentration in wheat grains, which is vital for enhancing grain quality for human consumption.
Tyrosinase Inhibition and Antimelanogenic Effects of Resorcinol‐Containing Compounds
Authors: Beaumet Morane , Lazinski Leticia M. , Maresca Marc , Haudecoeur Romain 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTyrosinases (TYRs) are copper‐containing metalloenzymes present in a large diversity of species. In human, hTYR is responsible for pivotal steps in melanogenesis, catalysing the oxidation of l‐tyrosine to l‐DOPA and further to dopaquinone. While numerous TYR inhibitors have been reported, polyphenolic compounds tend to dominate the literature. However, many of these compounds, particularly monophenols and catechols, have been identified as alternative substrates rather than true inhibitors, given their structural similarity to natural substrates. Resorcinol‐containing compounds have emerged as promising candidates to address this challenge, as the meta‐dihydroxy moiety in resorcinol demonstrates resistance to TYR‐mediated oxidation, while retaining the favourable interactions with copper ions provided by the hydroxy groups. Although their precise mechanism of action remains debated, resorcinol derivatives have yielded some of the most active compounds against isolated mushroom and human TYRs, as well as clinically used dermocosmetic agents like rucinol and thiamidol, which exhibited very promising effects in patients with facial melasma. This review outlines the development of resorcinol‐containing TYR inhibitors, categorized by scaffold type, ranging from simple alkyl analogues to intricate synthetic derivatives. Mechanistic insights about the resorcinol‐TYR interaction are also presented and debated.
Preferred Electric Field Mechanism for Frustrated Lewis Pair Reactivity
Authors: Ma Zhifeng , Yan Fuli , Fan Baomin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study employs computational methods to investigate the mechanism of H2 activation by frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) species, including both intermolecular and intramolecular nitrothane/borane FLP systems. Previous studies have proposed two qualitative reactivity mechanism models to explain the facile cleavage of H2 by FLPs. The findings of this study support the electric field mechanism as the favorable pathway for H2 cleavage. Utilizing frontier molecular orbital theory and energy decomposition analysis, the study explores the electronic structure and nature of the reactions under an external electric field (EEF). Analysis using the activation strain model highlights the significant influence of geometrical deformation energies of FLPs on the activation barriers of H2 activation reactions. Computational results suggest that H2 activation by FLP molecules follows the electric field mechanism, indicating the potential of the FLP/EEF combination as an effective activator for inert molecules.
Absolute direction in organelle movement
Authors: Plomer Solveig , Meyer Annika , Gebhardt Philipp , Ernst Theresa , Schleiff Enrico , Schneider Gaby 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn movement analysis, correlated random walk (CRW) models often use so‐called turning angles, which are measured relative to the previous movement direction. To segregate between different movement modes, hidden Markov models (HMMs) describe movements as piecewise stationary CRWs in which the distributions of turning angles and step sizes depend on the underlying state. This typically allows for the segregation of movement modes that show different movement speeds. We show that in some cases, it may be interesting to investigate absolute angles, that is, biased random walks (BRWs) instead of turning angles. In particular, while discrimination between states in the turning angle setting can only rely on movement speed, models with absolute angles can be used to discriminate between sections of different movement directions. A preprocessing algorithm is provided that enables the analysis of absolute angles in the existing R package moveHMM. In a data set of movements of cell organelles, models using not the turning angle but the absolute angle could capture interesting additional properties. Goodness‐of‐fit was increased for HMMs with absolute angles, and HMMs with absolute angles tended to choose a higher number of states, suggesting the existence and relevance of prominent directional changes in the present data set. These results suggest that models with absolute angles can provide important information in the analysis of movement patterns if the existence and frequency of directional changes is of biological importance.
The effect of soil parameters and earthworm abundance on the fine‐scale nocturnal habitat use of the Eurasian woodcock (Scolopax rusticola)
Authors: Schally Gergely , Tóth Dániel , Márton Mihály , Bijl Hanna , Palatitz Péter , Csányi Sándor , Maimela Modiba Maxwell , Tharwat Mohamed Ibrahim Hanaa , Simon Barbara 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Eurasian woodcock prefers habitats where its main prey, earthworms, can be found in higher densities. Although they are forest‐dwelling birds, they regularly visit pastures and natural grasslands at night, where earthworm abundance is generally higher. However, there is little information on fine‐scale habitat use in relation to variation in habitat characteristics and prey availability, particularly beyond the breeding season. In our study, we investigated if the nocturnal occurrence of woodcocks during migratory stopover periods differed between two neighbouring fields, or management units, with similar vegetation structure, and if within‐field variation in the spatial patterns of woodcock sightings were associated with fine‐scale earthworm densities and soil parameters. Specifically, we used GPS tracking data of two tagged woodcocks and direct observation data to study patterns of occurrence of birds in a mixed forest‐pasture landscape in Hungary during pre‐ and post‐breeding periods. We compared these patterns with fine‐scale soil characteristics and earthworm abundance, acquired by field sampling. We found that the field with higher earthworm abundance was visited by woodcocks more frequently, and this correlation was similarly observed at the intra‐field level. Our results demonstrate that woodcocks select foraging sites with higher earthworm densities at multiple spatial scales, both between fields (coarse scale), and within fields (fine‐scale). Considering that woodcocks tended to return to the same field to forage at night, the strong associations between occupancy and resources provide a basis for developing habitat management strategies at the field level for conservation. As earthworm densities and soil parameters are good indicators of woodcock foraging habitat, measuring those variables, at least at a coarse scale, could aid in predicting important habitats for the species across the landscape.
Rapid and Portable Presumptive Loop‐Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assays for the Detection of the Invasive Corn Snake (Pantherophis guttatus)
Authors: Deliveyne Nathan , Austin Jeremy J. , Sanders Kate , Cassey Phillip 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe exotic pet trade is a major pathway for the introduction, establishment, and spread of novel invasive alien species. Reptiles are common in the exotic pet trade and are prominent invasive alien vertebrate species that have dire impacts if allowed to establish. The North American corn snake (Pantherophis guttatus) is particularly common in the international pet trade and has been identified as a vertebrate pest priority species in Australia due to widespread climate suitability and prevalence in pre‐ and post‐border seizure records. Consequently, rapid, and presumptive post‐border biosecurity detection is essential to prevent its establishment and spread. Loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is an emerging biosecurity tool that has shown promise for rapid detection of several high‐risk species. We developed two LAMP assays for the detection of P. guttatus, validated against: synthetic DNA; DNA extracted from snap‐frozen tissue, and shed skins; and then compared their performance for the detection of trace DNA collected from swabs of glass tanks post reptile presence. Our results include laboratory optimization and assessment of two mobile devices for in‐field integration (Franklin Real‐Time PCR Thermocycler, Biomeme, USA, and Genie III, Optigene, UK). The results indicate that LAMP is a viable biosecurity tool, with DNA detection possible for a range of sample types in a total of c.30 min, when including a rapid extraction step (8 min). Herein, we provide tools for rapid, presumptive detection of the North American corn snake from trace DNA samples in Australian biosecurity and wildlife compliance settings.
Emergent role of dynamic optimization in cardiac resynchronization therapy: Systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Zsigmond Előd‐János , Masszi Richárd , Ehrenberger Réka , Turan Caner , Fehérvári Péter , Gede Noémi , Hegyi Péter , Molnár Zsolt , Trásy Domonkos , Duray Gábor Zoltán 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsSuboptimal device programming is frequent in non‐responders to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). However, the role of device optimization and the most appropriate technique are still unknown. The aim of our study was to analyse the effect of different CRT optimization techniques within a network meta‐analysis.MethodsA systematic search was conducted on MEDLINE, Embase and CENTRAL for studies comparing outcomes with empirical device settings or optimization using echocardiography, static algorithms or dynamic algorithms. Studies investigating the effect of optimization in non‐responders were also analysed.ResultsA total of 17 studies with 4346 patients were included in the quantitative analysis. Of the treatments and outcomes examined, a significant difference was found only between dynamic algorithms and echocardiography, with the former leading to a higher echocardiographic response rate [odds ratio (OR): 2.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21–3.35], lower heart failure hospitalization rate (OR: 0.75, 95% CI 0.57–0.99) and greater improvement in 6‐minute walk test [mean difference (MD): 45.52 m, 95% credible interval (CrI) 3.91–82.44 m]. We found no significant difference between empirical settings, static algorithms and dynamic algorithms. Seven studies with 228 patients reported response rates after optimization in non‐responders. Altogether, 34.3%–66.7% of initial non‐responders showed improvement after optimization, depending on response criteria.ConclusionsAt the time of CRT implantation, dynamic algorithms may serve as a resource‐friendly alternative to echocardiographic optimization, with similar or better mid‐term outcomes. However, their superiority over empirical device settings needs to be investigated in further trials. For non‐responders, CRT optimization should be considered, as the majority of patients experience improvement.