bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generation of dual‐mode PS‐OAM beams using a Vivaldi antenna array
Authors: Li Na , Feng Guirong , Jiao Lingling , Li Ping , Shi Xiaowei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe paper proposes a single antenna that can generate dual‐mode plane spiral orbital angular momentum (PS‐OAM) beams. Six Vivaldi antennas placed in a tangential circular array make up the antenna, and the antenna is etched onto a substrate material and has a flat design, allowing for easy integration with other system components. The neighbouring ports of the antenna elements have phase differences, so phase‐shifting in the feeding network is unnecessary. When fed with the same phase and amplitude, the antenna can produce PS‐OAM beams with mode +1 at 7 GHz and mode +2 at 14 GHz, and the measured purity is 80.6% and 63%, respectively. The method may provide a new way to produce multi‐mode orbital angular momentum.
Distributed optimization control strategy for distribution network based on the cooperation of distributed generations
Authors: Hua Dong , Liu Suisheng , Liu Yiqing , Le Jian , Zhou Qian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAiming to improve the voltage distribution and realize the proportional sharing of active and reactive power in the distribution network (DN), this article proposes a distributed optimal control strategy based on the grouping cooperation mechanism of the distributed generation (DG). The proposed strategy integrates the local information of the DG and the global information of the DN. Considering the high resistance/reactance ratio of DN, distributed optimization control strategies for node voltage control and active power management are developed with the consensus variable of active utilization rate. And distributed strategy for reactive power management is proposed with a consensus variable of reactive utilization rate. The convergence of the distributed control system for each group is proved. The validity and robustness of the proposed strategy are verified by several simulations in the IEEE 33‐bus system.
S2k-Leitlinie Klinische Ernährung in der Hepatologie
Authors: Plauth Mathias , Bechmann Lars , Grajecki Donata , Gundling Felix , Kramer Ludwig , Kremer Andreas E. , Rau Monika , Schneider Andrea , Tacke Frank , van Thiel Ingo 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Sowohl Über- als auch Unterernährung spielen für die Prognose von
Patienten mit Leberkrankheiten eine bedeutende Rolle. Bei chronischer
Leberkrankheit besteht häufig eine Mangelernährung mit gestörter
Körperzusammensetzung, allerdings zeigt sich in den letzten Jahren ein Wandel
des klinischen Spektrums mit Zunahme von Adipositas und sarkopener Adipositas.
In der klinischen Praxis wird das Potenzial der Ernährungstherapie als
metabolisches Management einer Leberkrankheit oft unterschätzt und nicht
ausgeschöpft. Mit der Aktualisierung dieser Leitlinie sollen umfassende aktuelle
und evidenzbasierte Empfehlungen für die Ernährungstherapie von Patienten mit
Lebererkrankungen gegeben werden.
Methoden Frühere Leitlinien der Deutschen und der Europäischen
Gesellschaften für Ernährungsmedizin (DGEM, ESPEN) zur Ernährung von Patienten
mit Lebererkrankungen wurden entsprechend den Prinzipien der AWMF
(Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften)
und ÄZQ (Ärztliche Zentralstelle für Qualitätssicherung) aktualisiert und
vollständig überarbeitet und erweitert.
Ergebnisse Die vorliegende Leitlinie umfasst 110 im
Konsentierungsverfahren ermittelte Aussagen und Empfehlungen zum
ernährungsmedizinischen metabolischen Management leberkranker Patienten im
Hinblick auf pathophysiologische Grundlagen, Indikationsstellung und
Durchführung einer Ernährungstherapie sowie ihrer Ergebnisse. Empfehlungen
werden für die Krankheitsbilder akutes Leberversagen (ALV), alkoholassoziierte
Lebererkrankung (ALD), metabolische Dysfunktion-assoziierte Fettleberkrankheit
(MASLD), Leberzirrhose (LZ), Lebertransplantation und Operation sowie
ernährungsbedingte Leberschädigung (NALI) gegeben.
Schlussfolgerung Bei Patienten mit chronischer Lebererkrankung liegt
häufig ein prognostisch ungünstiger metabolischer Status vor mit gestörter
Körperzusammensetzung und Mangelernährung oder Adipositas; diese Patientengruppe
profitiert von einem evidenzbasierten ernährungsmedizinischen metabolischen
Management. Bei Patienten mit akutem Leberversagen ist die Datenlage wesentlich
unsicherer, da nur wenige Studiendaten für diese schwere, aber seltene
Erkrankung vorliegen.
Electroconvulsive Therapy Versus Aripiprazole Addition to Clozapine
in Patients with Clozapine-Resistant Symptoms (EMECLO): A Protocol of a
Single-Blind, Multicenter, Randomized-Controlled Feasibility
Trial
Authors: den Toom Manouk , Blanken Laura , Horn Inge , Veerman Selene , van der Vlugt-Molenaar Joris J. B. , de Koning Mariken B. , Bogers Jan , Enterman John , de Jonge Martin , Cianci Daniela , Frederix Gerardus W. J. , de Haas Hans J. , Storosum Bram W. , Veereschild Mike , Javadzadeh Martin , Schulte Peter F. J. , Cohen Dan , van Os Jim , Cahn Wiepke , de Haan Lieuwe , Zantvoord Jasper B. , Luykx Jurjen J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background Currently, guidance on the most effective treatment for
patients with clozapine-resistant schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSD) is
lacking. While augmentation strategies to clozapine with aripiprazole and
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) have been demonstrated to be effective in
patients with clozapine-resistant schizophrenia spectrum disorders (CRS),
head-to-head comparisons between these addition strategies are unavailable. We
therefore aim to examine the feasibility of a larger randomized, single-blind
trial comparing the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and safety of
aripiprazole addition vs. ECT addition in CRS.
Methods In this multi-center, randomized, single-blind feasibility study,
the feasibility of recruiting 20 participants with CRS who will be randomized to
either aripiprazole or bilateral ECT addition will be assessed. The main
endpoint is the number of patients willing to be randomized. The number of
screened individuals and reasons to decline participation will be recorded.
Effects will be estimated for the benefit of the foreseen larger trial. To that
end, differences between both arms in symptom severity will be assessed using
blinded video assessments. In addition, tolerability (e. g., cognitive
functioning), safety, quality of life, recovery, and all-cause discontinuation
will be compared. The follow-up period is 16 weeks, after which non-responders
will be given the option to switch to the other treatment.
Discussion Strengths of this feasibility trial include maintaining
blinding with video assessment, a possibility to switch groups in case of
non-response, and a broad set of outcome measures. Identification of factors
contributing to non-participation and drop-out will generate valuable
information on trial feasibility and may enhance recruitment strategies in a
follow-up RCT.
Trial registration The study has been approved by the Medical Research
Ethics Committee of the Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, and
was registered on 1 May 2022 in the EU Clinical Trials Register (EudraCT) under
the trial name ‘EMECLO’ (2021–006333–19).
Can Opportunistic Use of Computed Tomography Help Reveal the Association Between Hepatic Steatosis and Disease Severity in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients?
Authors: Parlak Ayşe Eda , Erdem Toslak Iclal , Turkoglu Selcuk Nursel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo measure hepatic steatosis (HS) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients using unenhanced chest computed tomography (CT) imaging and to evaluate the relationship between disease severity and prognosis in adult patients.This retrospective study included 152 consecutive hospitalized COVID-19 patients with a positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. The COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS) and the chest CT score were evaluated. HS measurements were performed based on CT images using a single region of interest placed on the right liver lobe (segments V-VII). HS was defined as a liver attenuation value <40 Hounsfield units. Data were collected and compared with the patients’ prognostic parameters.Of the 152 inpatients, 137 patients (90.1%) had a CT score ≥3 and 109 patients (71.7%) had a CO-RADS score ≥4, 43 (28.2%) had HS. All patients with HS (100%) and 94/109 (86.2%) patients without HS had a CT score ≥3. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of chest CT score (p=0.006). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of CO-RADS score (p=0.291). The median CRP levels were significantly increased in patients with HS compared to patients without HS (p=0.023). There was no significant difference in ICU hospitalization and mortality due to the presence of HS (p>0.05).The current study revealed significantly higher chest CT scores in COVID-19 patients with HS measured on CT compared to those without HS. Opportunistic use of CT images for the detection of HS can be considered as an adjunctive tool in the risk analysis of COVID-19 patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 pneumonia.The severity of COVID-19 disease is increased in hospitalized patients with hepatosteatosis compared to patients with a normal liver. Density measurements for the evaluation of HS using opportunistic CT applications can be considered as an adjunctive tool in the prognostic evaluation of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.
Association Study Between DRD2, DRD3 Genetic Polymorphisms and
Adverse Reactions in Chinese Patients on Amisulpride Treatment
Authors: Qu Kankan , He Yanan , Zhang Zhongdong , Cao Yeli , Qin Qiyun , Zhou Zhenhe , Zhen Lili 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective To determine if the cardiac function and “endocrinium” of
Chinese patients are associated with dopamine D2 (DRD2)
(rs6276) and DRD3 (rs6280, rs963468) genetic
polymorphisms when treated with amisulpride.
Methods This study enrolled 148 patients with schizophrenia who took
amisulpride orally for 8 weeks. DRD2 (rs6276) and DRD3 (rs6280,
rs963468) genetic polymorphisms were detected with TaqMan-MGB allelic
discrimination.
Results Analysis by multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) showed that
after adjusting for age, gender, and the baseline level, the increase in the
level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatine kinase (CK) in the
rs6276 AG group was higher than that in the AA and GG groups.
Similarly, the changed estradiol (E2) level in rs6276 GG and
rs963468 GG groups was higher than that in the other two groups.
Adjusting for covariates, the increased triglyceride (TG) level in rs6276
GG and rs963468 GG groups was the highest among their different genotype
groups. The increase in the level of “AST” in the rs6280 TT group was
higher than that in the CC and CT groups upon adjusting for covariates.
Similarly, MANCOVA showed that the increase in the level of “CK” in the
rs6280 CT group was higher than that in the CC and CT groups.
Besides, the increased level of “PRL” in the rs6280 CC group and
rs963468 GG group was higher than that in their other two genotypes
groups.
Conclusion
DRD2 (rs6276) and DRD3 (rs6280,
rs963468) polymorphisms can affect amisulpride tolerability since they
are associated with the observed adverse reactions, including cardiac
dysfunction and endocrine disorders in Chinese patients with schizophrenia.
A Phase 1b PK/PD Study to Demonstrate Antigen Elimination with RLYB212, a Monoclonal Anti-HPA-1a Antibody for FNAIT Prevention
Authors: Geisen Christof , Fleck Erika , Schäfer Stephan Martin Gastón , Walter Carmen , Braeuninger Susanne , Jensen Jens Søndergaard , Sheridan Douglas , Patki Kiran , Armstrong Róisín , Skogen Bjørn , Behrens Frank , Seifried Erhard , Kjeldsen-Kragh Jens , Kjær Mette , Köhm Michaela 
Published: August 2024

Background Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is a rare bleeding disorder of the fetus/newborn caused by development of maternal alloantibodies against fetal human platelet antigens (HPAs), predominantly HPA-1a. Currently there are no treatments available to prevent maternal alloimmunization to HPAs or FNAIT.
Methods This proof-of-concept study (EudraCT Number: 2021-005380-49) was designed to assess the ability of subcutaneous (SC) RLYB212, a monoclonal anti-HPA-1a antibody, to eliminate HPA-1a-positive platelets in an antigen challenge model of a 30 mL fetal–maternal hemorrhage. Subjects were randomized to receive a single SC dose of RLYB212 or placebo on day 1 in a single-blinded manner, followed by transfusion of 10 × 109 HPA-1a-positive platelets on day 8.
Results Four subjects received 0.09 mg SC RLYB212, five received 0.29 mg SC RLYB212, and two received placebo. RLYB212 achieved rapid elimination of HPA-1a-positive platelets in a concentration-dependent manner, with concentrations as low as 3.57 ng/mL meeting the prespecified proof-of-concept criterion of ≥90% reduction in platelet elimination half-life versus placebo. Following HPA-1a-positive platelet transfusion, a rapid decline was observed in the concentration of RLYB212 over a period of 2 to 24 hours, corresponding to the time needed for RLYB212 to bind to ∼10% of HPA-1a on cell surfaces. RLYB212 was well tolerated with no reports of drug-related adverse events.
Conclusion The data from this study are consistent with preclinical efficacy data and support the potential use of RLYB212 as a prophylactic treatment for FNAIT that prevents maternal HPA-1a alloimmunization during at-risk pregnancies.
Shear Stress Promotes Remodeling of Platelet Glycosylation via Upregulation of Platelet Glycosidase Activity: One More Thing
Authors: Roka-Moiia Yana , Lewis Sabrina , Cleveland Estevan , Italiano Joseph E. , Slepian Marvin J. 
Published: August 2024

Background Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) is a mainstay of therapy for advanced and end-stage heart failure. Accompanied by systemic anticoagulation, contemporary MCS has become less thrombogenic, with bleeding complications emerging as a major cause of readmission and 1-year mortality. Shear-mediated platelet dysfunction and thrombocytopenia of undefined etiology are primary drivers of MCS-related bleeding. Recently, it has been demonstrated that deprivation of platelet surface glycosylation is associated with the decline of hemostatic function, microvesiculation, and premature apoptosis. We test the hypothesis that shear stress induces remodeling of platelet surface glycosylation via upregulation of glycosidase activity, thus facilitating platelet count decline and intense microvesiculation.
Methods Human gel-filtered platelets were exposed to continuous shear stress in vitro. Platelets and platelet-derived microparticles (PDMPs) were quantified via flow cytometry using size standard fluorescent nanobeads. Platelet surface glycosylation and NEU1 expression were evaluated using lectin- or immune-staining and multicolor flow cytometry; lectin blotting was utilized to verify glycosylation of individual glycoproteins. Platelet neuraminidase, galactosidase, hexosaminidase, and mannosidase activities were quantified using 4-methylumbelliferone-based fluorogenic substrates.
Results We demonstrate that shear stress promotes selective remodeling of platelet glycosylation via downregulation of 2,6-sialylation, terminal galactose, and mannose, while 2,3-sialylation remains largely unchanged. Shear-mediated deglycosylation is partially attenuated by neuraminidase inhibitors, strongly suggesting the involvement of platelet neuraminidase in observed phenomena. Shear stress increases platelet NEU1 surface expression and potentiates generation of numerous NEU1+ PDMPs. Platelets exhibit high basal hexosaminidase and mannosidase activities; basal activities of platelet neuraminidase and galactosidase are rather low and are significantly upregulated by shear stress. Shear stress of increased magnitude and duration promotes an incremental decline of platelet count and immense microvesiculation, both being further exacerbated by neuraminidase and partially attenuated by neuraminidase inhibition.
Conclusion Our data indicate that shear stress accumulation, consistent with supraphysiologic conditions of device-supported circulation, promotes remodeling of platelet glycosylation via selective upregulation of platelet glycosidase activity. Shear-mediated platelet deglycosylation is associated with platelet count drop and increased microvesiculation, thus offering a direct link between deglycosylation and thrombocytopenia observed in device-supported patients. Based on our findings, we propose a panel of molecular markers to be used for reliable detection of shear-mediated platelet deglycosylation in MCS.
From Filters to Scalpels—Understanding Perceptions of Facial Asymmetry: An AAFPRS Survey
Authors: Abraham-Aggarwal Kiran , Chen Xiaoxuan , Parsa Keon M. , Frodel John L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFacial asymmetries can significantly affect patient satisfaction post-surgery. Social media can impact a patient's perception of their asymmetries. To gather insights into the practices, perceptions, and approaches concerning facial asymmetry among facial plastic surgeons. The aim of this study was to understand the impact of social media on perceptions of facial asymmetry. This is an American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons (AAFPRS) survey consisting of 46 questions that sought to understand facial plastic surgeons' perceptions of facial asymmetry, their consultation process, their patients' perspectives on their own facial asymmetries, and patient satisfaction. The survey was distributed to 1,269 members of AAFPRS across community hospitals, private practices, and academic hospitals. Sixty-seven members completed the survey. The survey revealed that 31% (21) of surgeons face challenges in managing patient expectations regarding facial asymmetry. In addition, 12% (8) of surgeons felt that patients did not initially recognize their own asymmetries. Eighty-seven percent (58) of surgeons emphasize the natural occurrence of asymmetry during consultations to set realistic expectations. This study emphasizes the need for thorough patient education during initial consultations to align expectations with achievable outcomes. Surgeons should explain the natural occurrence of asymmetry clearly and use digital imaging to show patients realistic previews of surgical results.
Split Dorsal Nasal Flap: A Modification to Expand Its Utilization
Authors: Macielak Robert J. , Schmidtman Daniel C. , Recker Chelsey A. , Hamilton Grant S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNasal reconstruction presents the facial plastic surgeon with a complex problem given its functional and aesthetic importance. The dorsal nasal flap is a composite rotational flap of the glabella and nasal dorsum that can be used for nasal dorsum and tip defects of medium to large sizes. Given its composite nature, this flap can be split into its constituent parts—the epidermis and dermis and the subcutaneous tissue and superficial musculoaponeurotic system—without flap loss. This case series describes this technique and various potential applications within nasal reconstruction.
Characterizing Hearing Outcomes Following Treatment of Cerebellopontine Angle Meningiomas
Authors: Papazian Michael , Cottrell Justin , Pan Lydia , Kay-Rivest Emily , Friedmann David R. , Jethanamest Daniel , Kondziolka Douglas , Pacione Donato , Sen Chandranath , Golfinos John G. , Roland J. Thomas , McMenomey Sean O. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectives To characterize treatment and hearing outcomes for cerebellopontine angle (CPA) meningiomas with inherent risks of hearing loss and identify predictors of hearing loss for surgically treated lesions.Design Retrospective chart review.Setting Tertiary care medical center.Participants Adult patients with CPA meningiomas impinging upon cranial nerve VIII and/or pretreatment hearing loss managed with microsurgery or stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with Gamma Knife at our center between 2012 and 2023.Main Outcome Measures Hearing preservation rate was determined from analysis of patients with pretreatment serviceable hearing for whom hearing-preserving treatment was attempted. Surgical patients were further analyzed using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models to identify factors predictive of postoperative hearing loss.Results We identified 80 patients with CPA meningiomas meeting inclusion criteria who were managed with either microsurgery (43, 54%) or radiosurgery (37, 46%). Following SRS, hearing was preserved in 88% of cases. Following microsurgery, hearing was preserved in 71% of patients—all patients who lost hearing had tumors involving the internal auditory canal (IAC). Among surgical patients only, multivariable analysis accounting for preoperative hearing, recurrence status, lesion size, and patient age, the preoperative imaging finding that the CPA meningioma surrounded the vestibulocochlear nerve was significantly associated with hearing loss (hazard ratio: 10.3, 95% confidence interval: 1.3–81.4, p = 0.02).Conclusion Most patients with meningiomas of the CPA can experience preservation of hearing, even when there is risk of hearing loss based on pretreatment evaluation. IAC invasion and surrounding of eighth nerve by tumor may portend poorer hearing outcomes in surgically managed patients.
Precision Medicine in Angelman Syndrome
Authors: Manssen Lena , Krey Ilona , Gburek-Augustat Janina , von Hagen Cornelia , Lemke Johannes R. , Merkenschlager Andreas , Weigand Heike , Makowski Christine 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAngelman syndrome (AS) is a rare neurogenetic disorder caused by a loss of function of UBE3A on the maternal allele. Clinical features include severe neurodevelopmental delay, epilepsy, sleep disturbances, and behavioral disorders. Therapy currently evolves from conventional symptomatic, supportive, and antiseizure treatments toward alteration of mRNA expression, which is subject of several ongoing clinical trials.This article will provide an overview of clinical research and therapeutic approaches on AS.
Enzymatic and Bio-Inspired Enantioselective Oxidation of Non-Activated C(sp
3)–H Bonds
Authors: Bietti Massimo , Costas Miquel , Palone Andrea 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe enantioselective oxidation of C–H bonds relies on two different approaches: the use of enzymes or bio-inspired transition metal catalysts. Both are powerful tools, as they transform ubiquitous C(sp3)–H bonds into valuable oxygenated building blocks. However, the reaction remains a challenge in synthetic chemistry, continuously demanding efficient catalytic systems to improve substrate scopes. Optimization of site- and enantioselectivities in bio-catalytic systems is underpinned by protein engineering, while ligand design and medium effects play crucial roles in bio-inspired synthetic complexes. In this Short Review, recent advances in the field are described, focusing on reactions that target strong, non-activated C–H bonds.1	Introduction1.1	Enantioselective Catalytic C–H Oxidation in Nature and Bio-Inspired Systems1.2	Biological C–H Oxidation Mechanism and Challenges for the Implementation of Chirality with Synthetic Catalysts1.3	Bio-Catalytic C–H Oxidation Systems: From Microorganism to Engineered Enzymes1.4	Mimicking Nature: The Bio-Inspired C–H Oxidation Approach1.5	Origin of Enantioselectivity2	Enantioselective C–H Oxidation of Non-Activated C–H Bonds2.1	Hydroxylation at Non-Activated C–H Bonds by Bio-Catalytic Systems2.2	Enantioselective C–H Lactonization with Enzymatic Systems2.3	Oxidation at Non-Activated C–H Bonds by Synthetic Catalysts2.4	Enantioselective Lactonization with Small-Molecule Catalysts3	Conclusions