bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fiction and Representation
Authors: Vecsey Zoltán 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAccording to artefactual theories of fiction, fictional characters are contingently existing abstract entities. One comparative advantage of artefactualism over its rivals is its conformity with our pre-theoretic views about the createdness of these entities. Artefactualism has also its own limitations: there are specific contexts in which it is apparently wrong to think that characters are created abstracta. In this paper it is argued that these limitations can be circumvented if the ontological status of characters is explained in representational terms.
The Grammar of Pain
Authors: Forsberg Niklas 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis paper discusses Wittgenstein’s conception of grammatical investigations and shows how such an investigation, rightly understood, can elucidate the concept of pain. Philosophical attention to the concept of pain tends to lead philosophers in very different directions. A certain set of examples of uses of the concept might lead your thinking “outwards” towards behaviourism, whereas another set of examples might lead you inwards. I develop an understanding of grammatical investigations that does not hide complexities of language, arguing that grammar is as complex as the phenomenon of pain is. In divergence with e.g. Peter Hacker, I try to show how “grammatical investigations” cannot result in rules for the correct uses of language. The formulation of such rules tends to come together with a ‘one-sided diet’ (PI § 593). In contrast, I argue that what pain can teach us about grammar is that grammar, in Wittgenstein’s sense, is not, and cannot be, regulatory, and that it is the elasticity of a concept, if anything, that is its essence.
Stability of Thin-Walled Beams with Lateral Continuous Restraint
Authors: Balázs Ivan , Melcher Jindřich 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Metal beams of thin-walled cross-sections have been widely used in building industry as members of load-bearing structures. Their resistance is usually limited by lateral torsional buckling. It can be increased in case a beam is laterally supported by members of cladding or ceiling construction. The paper deals with possibilities of determination of critical load of thin-walled beams with lateral continuous restraint which is crucial for beam buckling resistance assessment
[Fe(PNN-iPr)Br2]·xDCM: the first example of merotype-epitaxy of a molecular structure and its solvatomorph
Authors: Stöger Berthold , Holzhacker Christian , Kirchner Karl 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Crystals of the Fe-PNN-pincer complex [Fe(PNN-iPr)Br2] 1 (PNN-iPr=N-(diisopropylphosphanyl)-6-[(isopropylamino)methyl]pyridin-2-amine) grown from a pentane/DCM mixture are made up of two independently diffracting domains with different stoichiometry, viz.
1 [P21/a, Z = 4, a = 14.2995(10) Å, b = 11.8043(8) Å, c = 12.4229(8) Å, β = 93.618(4)°, V = 2092.8(2) Å3] and its solvatomorph 1·DCM [A2/a, Z = 8, a = 14.2449(8) Å, b = 11.8208(8) Å, c = 30.091(2) Å, β = 111.501(4)°, V = 47142.3(5) Å3] with a volume ratio of 64.30:35.70(9). Both domains belong to a family of merotypes (polysomes that feature one common layer). They contain equivalent 1 layers, which are intercalated in 1·DCM by solvent layers. The crystals are therefore an example of solvato-merotype-epitaxy. A crystal made up of only the solvate domain 1·DCM-d2 [A2/a, Z = 8, a = 14.2796(9) Å, b = 11.8868(7) Å, c = 29.9135(19) Å, β = 110.9847(8)°, V = 4740.7(5) Å3] was grown from DCM-d2. An extension of the symmetry concepts of order-disorer (OD) theory to the more general case of merotypes or even polysomes is outlined.
Intermediate-valent CeCoAl – a commensurate modulated structure with short Ce–Co distances
Authors: Niehaus Oliver , Hoffmann Rolf-Dieter , Tencé Sophie , Chevalier Bernard , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
CeCoAl was synthesized by melting of the elements in a sealed niobium tube in an induction furnace. Annealing of the sample gave access to a single phase sample. Its structure was refined on the basis of single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data at different temperatures. Above 271 K CeCoAl crystallizes in its own structure type in the space group C2/m [a = 1107.4(2), b = 440.6(1) and c = 479.6(1) pm, β = 104.6(1)°]. Data obtained at 300 K lead to 511 F
2 values with 20 variables and a residual of [I ≥ 3σ(I)] wR = 0.0539. Below 271 K satellites give rise to the superspace group C2/m(α0γ)00; α = 2/3, γ = 2/5 with a temperature independent q-vector. For the 90 K data (also for 180 and 220 K) the commensurate modulated structure could be refined with 4817 F
2 values, 129 variables and residuals of wR = 0.0347 (main), wR = 0.1927 (satellites 1st order), wR = 0.1541 (satellites 2nd order) and wR = 0.1768 (satellites 3rd order) [a = 1107.5(1), b = 440.3(1) and c = 479.0(1) pm, β = 104.7(1)°]. For the three temperatures only minor variations of the modulation amplitudes are observed. The relation of the low temperature (3+1)D 3a × 5c approximant and the room temperature 3D structure is discussed on the basis of a group–subgroup relation. By investigation of the heat capacity, the phase transition could be identified as a second order one with a transition temperature of 271 K. Magnetic measurements clearly prove the intermediate cerium valence which is in line with the short Ce–Co distances.
Performances da escrita
Authors: Beigui Alex 
Published: July 2015

Resumo: Este artigo aponta as características de uma escrita performática a partir do cruzamento entre o discurso ficcional, o discurso filosófico e o discurso crítico como formas equivalentes de experiência. Busca-se compreender os diferentes contextos em que a performance, como campo de experimentação, invade a área dos estudos literários, produzindo efeitos de deslocamento do cânone e seus modos de legitimidade, bem como visa a problematizar os lugares determinados do emissor e do receptor do texto; do artista, do filósofo e do crítico.
Palavras-chave: performance; escrita; literatura.
Abstract: This article deals with the characteristics of performatic writing from the perspective of the interconnection among the fictional, the philosophical and the critical discourses taking them as corresponding modes of experience. It aims to set an understanding of the different contexts within which the performance, as a ground of experimentation, invades the field of literary studies producing shifting effects of the canon and its modes. This paper also aims to set an issue about the places of the writer and the reader of the text, as well as the artist, the philosopher and the critic.
A situação da poesia e a crítica
Authors: Fonseca Jair Tadeu 
Published: July 2015

Este ensaio discute alguns aspectos da relação crucial entre poesia e sociedade moderna e examina o papel da crítica. Dois diferentes tipos de abordagem crítica á poesia são analisados: uma corresponde ao trabalho do poeta-crítico Mário Faustino e a outra é relativa a escrit da crítica acadêmica de Flora Sussekind.
Oswald e Eisenstein
Authors: Feitosa Susanna Busato 
Published: July 2015

Estudo acerca das relações intersemióticas entre procedimentos estéticos presentes na poesia de Oswaldo de Andrade e na teoria da montagem de Eisenstein. O mecanismo da montagem promove o pensamento relacional e atua no nível da sintaxe analógica, de modo a causar, pela proximidade e contraste dos elementos, o instrumento necessário á construção da imagem e do pensamento. A poesia de Oswald é operada semiotiamente de modo a deflagrar os efeitos imagísticos decorrentes do mecanismo da montagem estrutural.
Estádios de maturação e danos mecânicos na goiaba comercializada no Sertão da Paraíba
Authors: Silva Helton Sousa , Moreira Inácia dos Santos , Hérica Railene Hérica , Furtunato Tádria Cristiane , Sousa Francisco Assis 
Published: July 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar e caracterizar a goiaba comercializada no Sertão da Paraíba quanto ao estádio de maturação e a ocorrência de danos mecânicos. Os frutos foram adquiridos em embalagens de caixas plásticas com dimensões externas de 31 x 36 x 56cm, em três estabelecimentos comerciais do Sertão Paraibano, Feira Livre e Mercado Público de Pombal – PB e no Ceasa de Patos – PB. Em cada caixa contabilizou-se o total de frutos e relacionou-se a proporção de frutos em cada estádio de maturação, proporção de frutos com determinado tipo de dano mecânico, proporção de frutos com dano mecânico em cada estádio de maturação e a porcentagem da área do fruto atingida por danos mecânicos. Constatou-se heterogeneidade com relação ao estádio de maturação das goiabas comercializadas, nos três estabelecimentos comerciais. Houve elevada incidência de danos mecânicos nos frutos da Feira Livre e do Mercado Público de Pombal, 97% das goiabas apresentaram algum tipo de dano mecânico. Em 100% das goiabas comercializadas no Ceasa de Patos ocorreu algum tipo de dano mecânico.
The Use of Detailed Reservoir Description And Simulation Studies in Investigating Completion Strategies, Cormorant – UK North Sea
Authors: Stiles J. H. , Valenti N. P. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT
A portion of the Cormorant field in the U.K. North Sea is being developed using a subsea production system. All layers in the stratified reservoir section are being waterflooded concurrently by perforating the entire interval in both producers and injectors. The permeability contrast among the layers is such that there is potential for severe imbalance in the movement of the waterflood fronts, resulting in large volumes of early water production from high permeability layers and incomplete displacement of oil from less permeable layers. With the high cost of expanding platform facilities or performing workovers on subsea wells to re-distribute production and/or injection, there is considerable incentive to optimise the completions in new wells.
This paper describes studies undertaken by Esso Exploration and Production U.K. to evaluate various completion strategies for new subsea wells. These studies were done to complement work done by the operator, Shell U.K. Exploration and Production. The studies included detailed reservoir description work to define the oil-in-place and permeability distribution, followed by simulation of the waterflood for a representative reservoir cross-section. Wellbore, flowline and pipeline hydraulics for the complex production and injection system were included to more accurately model well rates. The results provide general insight into the nature of the displacement when waterflooding a stratified section with a limited number of wells. They also provide specific guidance on: (1) dual vs. single completions, (2) perforating, testing and stimulation sequence and (3) the benefits of partially perforating high permeability sands.
A Case Study Evaluation of Subsea Preferential Weld Haz Corrosion
Authors: Tyson J A G , Bell E R G 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT
Annual subsea inspections of Murchison's major welded joints have indicated that a significant proportion of the welds have suffered from preferential corrosion of their heat affected zones..
Only a limited number of joints can economically be inspected each year, and the programme is normally biased towards structurally important welds with relatively low predicted fatigue lives. The presence of corrosion grooves modifies considerably the weld SCFs and thus Impacts the fatigue rankings and choice of welds for inspection.
With only limited inspection data, there was a need to identify the extent of the corrosion problem. This paper discusses the parameters that Conoco studied in an attempt to correlate the spread and severity of the corrosion problem with variances in geometry, metallurgy and cathodic protection. Correlations were found which have enabled the successful prediction of location of further corrosion grooves and have allowed a new optimum inspection programme based on both fatigue prediction and weld corrosion history.
The presence of the corrosion grooves in many cases give spurious crack-like indications with MPI inspection. This paper also discusses how ACPD inspection techniques together with profile moulding techniques were used to eliminate spurious readings and to characterise the grooving shape for detailed fracture mechanics assessment.
Method for Fracture Gradient Prediction for Vertical and Inclined Boreholes
Authors: Aadnoy B. S. , Larsen K. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT
A new method for prediction of fracture gradients in deeper wells has been developed. The method is based on the principles of mechanics, but uses a correlation method in the application of field data. Improvements over existing methods are: *Gives both leak-off and lost circulation pressures.*Works for vertical and inclined boreholes.*Result given as simple equation.*Identifies lithological effects.
The result is given as a simple equation where only well depth, pore pressure and borehole angle are needed to predict the fracture pressure. Since borehole inclination is included, the method can be used during production drilling as well as when drilling vertical wells. The method was applied in a field study offshore Norway. The results show a remarkably good correlation with field observations.
Drag Bit Wear Model
Authors: Sinor L. A. , Warren T. M. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT
A performance model for Polycrystallíne Diamond Compact (PDC) bits has been modified to include the wear prediction of individual cutters. Wear predictions are based on the geometry of each cutter, the rock, type, the forces acting on the cutter, cutter velocity, and cutter temperature. The results of predicted and actual cutter wear for different 8-1/2 in. field worn PDC bit designs are shown. The worn geometry of each cutter was measured and compared to the model's prediction.
Laboratory performance tests were also conducted with similar bit designs to quantify the effect of bit imbalance. Reduced ROP, drilling an overgage hole, and increased cutter wear and breakage can be the result of bit imbalance.
Longitudinal Ultrasound Curriculum Improves Long-Term Retention Among Internal Medicine Residents
Authors: Kelm Diana J. , Ratelle John T. , Azeem Nabeel , Bonnes Sara L. , Halvorsen Andrew J. , Oxentenko Amy S. , Bhagra Anjali 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT

Background
Point-of-care ultrasound is a rapidly evolving component of internal medicine (IM) residency training. The optimal approach for teaching this skill remains unclear.

Objective
We sought to determine whether the addition of a longitudinal ultrasound curriculum to a stand-alone workshop for ultrasound training improved knowledge retention in IM residents.

Methods
We conducted an observational cohort study from July to December 2013. All postgraduate year (PGY)-1 IM residents attended an ultrasound workshop during orientation. Ability to identify static images of ascites, kidney, thyroid, pleural fluid, inferior vena cava, and internal jugular vein was assessed immediately after the workshop. An ultrasound curriculum, including morning report and ultrasound rounds, was initiated during the inpatient medicine rotation. PGY-1 residents were randomly assigned to participate in the longitudinal curriculum. Six months later, we conducted a follow-up survey with all PGY-1 residents.

Results
Forty-eight PGY-1 residents (67%) completed the postworkshop test and the 6-month follow-up test. Of these, 50% (24 of 48) had participated in the ultrasound curriculum. Residents not exposed to the curriculum showed a decline in the identification of ascites, pleural effusion, and internal jugular vein at 6 months (P &lt; .05), whereas those who participated in the curriculum maintained their performance (P &lt; .05).

Conclusions
Six months after exposure to a longitudinal ultrasound curriculum, residents were more likely to correctly identify ultrasound images of ascites, kidney, and pleural effusion. The addition of a longitudinal ultrasound curriculum may result in improved knowledge retention in IM residents.
Resident Ratings of Communication Skills Using the Kalamazoo Adapted Checklist
Authors: Porcerelli John H. , Brennan Simone , Carty Jennifer , Ziadni Maisa , Markova Tsveti 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT

Background
The Kalamazoo Essential Elements Communication Checklist–Adapted (KEECC-A) is a well-regarded instrument for evaluating communication and interpersonal skills. To date, little research has been conducted that assesses the accuracy of resident self-ratings of their communication skills.

Objective
To assess whether residents can accurately self-rate communication skills, using the KEECC-A, during an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE).

Methods
A group of 104 residents from 8 specialties completed a multistation OSCE as part of an institutional communication skills curriculum conducted at a single institution. Standardized patients (SPs) and observers were trained in rating communication skills using the KEECC-A. Standardized patient ratings and resident self-ratings were completed immediately following each OSCE encounter, and trained observers rated archived videotapes of the encounters.

Results
Resident self-ratings and SP ratings using the KEECC-A were significantly correlated (r104 = 0.238, P = .02), as were resident self-ratings and observer ratings (r104 = 0.284, P = .004). The correlation between the SP ratings and observer (r104 = 0.378, P = .001) ratings were larger in magnitude, but not significantly different (P &gt; .05) from resident/SP or resident/observer correlations.

Conclusions
The results suggest that residents, with a modicum of training using the KEECC-A, can accurately rate their own communication and interpersonal skills during an OSCE. Using trained observers to rate resident communication skills provides a unique opportunity for evaluating SP and resident self-ratings. Our findings also lend further support for the reliability and validity of the KEECC-A.
Safe Medication Reconciliation: An Intervention to Improve Residents' Medication Reconciliation Skills
Authors: Arundel Cherinne , Logan Jessica , Ayana Ribka , Gannuscio Jacqueline , Kerns Jennifer , Swenson Rebecca 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundMedication errors during hospitalization are a major patient safety concern. Medication reconciliation is an effective tool to reduce medication errors, yet internal medicine residents rarely receive formal education on the process.ObjectiveWe assessed if an educational intervention on quality improvement principles and effective medication reconciliation for internal medicine residents will lead to fewer medication discrepancies and more accurate discharge medication lists.MethodsFrom July 2012 to May 2013, internal medicine residents from 3 academic institutions who were rotating at the Washington DC VA Medical Center received twice-monthly interactive educational sessions on medication reconciliation, using both institutional summary metrics and data from their own discharges. Sessions were led by a faculty member or chief resident. Accuracy of discharge instructions for residents in the intervention group was compared to the accuracy of discharge data from June 2012 for a group of residents who did not receive the intervention. We used χ2 analysis to assess for differences.ResultsThe number of duplicate medications (23% versus 12%, P = .01); extraneous medications (14% versus 6%, P = .014); medications sorted by disease or indication (25% versus 77%, P &lt; .001); and the number of discrepancies in discharge summaries (34% versus 11%, P &lt; .001) statistically improved. No difference in the number of omissions was found between the 2 groups (17% versus 15%, P = .62).ConclusionsAn educational intervention targeting internal medicine residents can be implemented with reasonable staff and time costs, and is effective in reducing the number of medication discrepancies at discharge.
A Randomized Educational Intervention Trial to Determine the Effect of Online Education on the Quality of Resident-Delivered Care
Authors: Dolan Brigid M. , Yialamas Maria A. , McMahon Graham T. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere is limited research on whether online formative self-assessment and learning can change the behavior of medical professionals.ObjectiveWe sought to determine if an adaptive longitudinal online curriculum in bone health would improve resident physicians' knowledge, and change their behavior regarding prevention of fragility fractures in women.MethodsWe used a randomized control trial design in which 50 internal medicine resident physicians at a large academic practice were randomized to either receive a standard curriculum in bone health care alone, or to receive it augmented with an adaptive, longitudinal, online formative self-assessment curriculum delivered via multiple-choice questions. Outcomes were assessed 10 months after the start of the intervention. Knowledge outcomes were measured by a multiple-choice question examination. Clinical outcomes were measured by chart review, including bone density screening rate, calculation of the fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) score, and rate of appropriate bisphosphonate prescription.ResultsCompared to the control group, residents participating in the intervention had higher scores on the knowledge test at the end of the study. Bone density screening rates and appropriate use of bisphosphonates were significantly higher in the intervention group compared with the control group. FRAX score reporting did not differ between the groups.ConclusionsResidents participating in a novel adaptive online curriculum outperformed peers in knowledge of fragility fracture prevention and care practices to prevent fracture. Online adaptive education can change behavior to improve patient care.
The Changing Scenario of Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency Training
Authors: Gupta Natasha , Dragovic Kristina , Trester Richard , Blankstein Josef 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT

Background
Significant changes have been noted in aspects of obstetrics-gynecology (ob-gyn) training over the last decade, which is reflected in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) operative case logs for graduating ob-gyn residents.

Objective
We sought to understand the changing trends of ob-gyn residents' experience in obstetric procedures over the past 11 years.

Methods
We analyzed national ACGME procedure logs for all obstetric procedures recorded by 12 728 ob-gyn residents who graduated between academic years 2002–2003 and 2012–2013.

Results
The average number of cesarean sections per resident increased from 191.8 in 2002–2003 to 233.4 in 2012–2013 (17%; P &lt; .001; 95% CI −47.769 to −35.431), the number of vaginal deliveries declined from 320.8 to 261 (18.6%; P &lt; .001; 95% CI 38.842–56.35), the number of forceps deliveries declined from 23.8 to 8.4 (64.7%; P &lt; .001; 95% CI 14.061–16.739), and the number of vacuum deliveries declined from 23.8 to 17.6 (26%; P &lt; .001; 95% CI 5.043–7.357). Between 2002–2003 and 2007–2008, amniocentesis decreased from 18.5 to 11 (P &lt; .001, 95% CI 6.298–8.702), and multifetal vaginal deliveries increased from 10.8 to 14 (P &lt; .001, 95% CI −3.895 to −2.505). Both were not included in ACGME reporting after 2008.

Conclusions
Ob-gyn residents' training experience changed substantially over the past decade. ACGME obstetric logs demonstrated decreases in volume of vaginal, forceps, and vacuum deliveries, and increases in cesarean and multifetal deliveries. Change in experience may require use of innovative strategies to help improve residents' basic obstetric skills.