bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiotherapy for cystic fibrosis in Australia: Knowledge and acceptance of the Consensus Statement recommendations
Authors: Holland Anne E. , Button Brenda M. ,   International Physiotherapy Group for Cystic Fibrosis, Australian Chapter
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackground and objectiveIn 2008, a Consensus Statement was published with the aim of optimizing physiotherapy management for people with cystic fibrosis (CF) in Australia. The aim of this study was to measure knowledge and acceptance of the Consensus Statement recommendations.MethodsAll physiotherapists providing treatment to people with CF in Australia were invited to complete a purpose‐designed online survey to assess knowledge and uptake of key treatment recommendations.ResultsSixty‐eight physiotherapists took part (response rate 49%). Knowledge of treatment recommendations was high for airway clearance (94%) and exercise assessment (76%). Most respondents agreed with these recommendations (airway clearance 97% agreement, exercise 68% agreement). A small number of respondents (18%) correctly identified the current recommendation to segregate patients with different organisms during airway clearance, with most respondents (73%) implementing stricter infection control policies. Low levels of knowledge and agreement were evident for recommendations regarding measurement of blood sugar levels during exercise (36% knowledge and 28% agreement) and delivery of dornase alfa (53% and 65%). Physiotherapists from specialist CF centres were more likely to know the recommendations for blood sugar level measurement during exercise (P = 0.014), dornase alfa (P = 0.001) and non‐invasive ventilation (P = 0.07) compared with physiotherapists in other settings.ConclusionsPhysiotherapists are aware of treatment recommendations for CF in common areas of practice such as airway clearance and exercise. However, knowledge of recommendations is lower for specialized areas of practice and outside of CF centres. Strategies to improve awareness and uptake of the Consensus Statement among physiotherapists outside of CF centres are required.
A Myth to Kill a Myth? OnMcDowell's Interpretation of Sellars'Empiricism and thePhilosophy ofMind
Authors: Tripodi Paolo 
Published: December 2012

Abstract:According toMcDowell, inEmpiricism and thePhilosophy ofMindthe myth ofJones has the purpose of completing the account of experience that Sellars needs to argue against traditional empiricism. In particular, onMcDowell's view the myth of Jones should explain how to conceive of non‐inferentially knowable experiences as containing propositional claims. This article argues that the myth ofJones does not succeed in providing such an account, especially onMcDowell's own terms: assumingMcDowell's epistemological distinction between inferential and non‐inferential knowledge, it turns out that in Sellars' thought experiment perceptual experiences can contain propositional claims only at the price of being known inferentially rather than non‐inferentially. ThereforeMcDowell'sSellars' attack fails against traditional empiricism.
ASVCPreference interval guidelines: determination of de novo reference intervals in veterinary species and other related topics
Authors: Friedrichs Kristen R. , Harr Kendal E. , Freeman Kathy P. , Szladovits Balazs , Walton Raquel M. , Barnhart Kirstin F. , Blanco‐Chavez Julia 
Published: December 2012

AbstractReference intervals (RI) are an integral component of laboratory diagnostic testing and clinical decision‐making and represent estimated distributions of reference values (RV) from healthy populations of comparable individuals. Because decisions to pursue diagnoses or initiate treatment are often based on values falling outsideRI, the collection and analysis ofRVshould be approached with diligence. This report is a condensation of theASVCP2011 consensus guidelines for determination of de novoRIin veterinary species, which mirror the 2008 Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations, but with language and examples specific to veterinary species. Newer topics include robust methods for calculatingRIfrom small sample sizes and procedures for outlier detection adapted to data quality. Because collecting sufficient reference samples is challenging, this document also provides recommendations for determining multicenterRIand for transference and validation ofRIfrom other sources (eg, manufacturers). Advice for use and interpretation of subject‐basedRIis included, as these RI are an alternative to population‐basedRIwhen sample size or inter‐individual variation is high. Finally, generation of decision limits, which distinguish between populations according to a predefined query (eg, diseased or non‐diseased), is described. Adoption of these guidelines by the entire veterinary community will improve communication and dissemination of expected clinical laboratory values in a variety of animal species and will provide a template for publications onRI. This and other reports from the Quality Assurance and Laboratory Standards (QALS) committee are intended to promote quality laboratory practices in laboratories serving both clinical and research veterinarians.
Funduscopic abnormalities and electroretinography in cases of retinopathy in German Shepherd dogs
Authors: Balicki Ireneusz , Nestorowicz Natalia , Ofri Ron 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo perform a clinical, ophthalmological, and electroretinographic assessment of retinopathic lesions in German Shepherd dogs.AnimalsThe study was conducted on 14 German Shepherds diagnosed with retinopathy during the course of an ophthalmological checkup. The animals were systemically healthy police dogs used for patrolling and tracking duties and which were, at times, exposed to considerable physical strain and stress.ProcedurePeriodic ophthalmological examinations using slit‐lamp biomicroscopy, direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy, and photography, as well as maze testing, were performed on all dogs. Electroretinography (ERG) was performed on 10 affected German Shepherds and eight control dogs.ResultsOphthalmological examination revealed areas of tapetal hyper‐reflectivity with pigmented centers, which were characteristic of inactive chorioretinitis. Most of the lesions were in proximity to blood vessels, and in a number of eyes, progression was observed during repeated examinations. Transition from active to inactive lesions, as well as onset in previously unaffected eyes, was also recorded. The ERG recordings showed impaired cone function, with significantly lower b‐wave amplitudes and prolonged implicit times, in the mixed rod–cone, photopic, and flicker tests of affected dogs (P < 0.05).ConclusionsRetinopathy observed in German Shepherd dogs is characterized by areas of tapetal hyper‐reflectivity with pigmented centers. The underlying causes of retinopathy in German Shepherd dogs remain unknown, although husbandry conditions and proximity of the lesions to blood vessels may suggest an association with physical exertion or circulatory disorders, respectively.
Detection of a New Community Genotype Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clone That Is Unrelated to the USA300 Clone and That Causes Pediatric Infections in Colombia
Authors: Escobar Javier Antonio , Marquez-Ortiz Ricaurte Alejandro , Alvarez-Olmos Martha I. , Leal Aura Lucia , Castro Betsy Esperanza , Vanegas Natasha ,   The Research Group of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACT

The dissemination of a clone of community genotype methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(CG-MRSA) that is related to USA300 has been reported in Latin America. We recently detected isolates of a new clone of CG-MRSA (
spa
type t1635 and ACME-negative) that was genetically unrelated to the USA300 clone and that causes infections in children in Colombia. This finding indicates the appearance of a new clone of CG-MRSA in our region.
Clonal Dissemination of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Producing Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase SHV-2a
Authors: Jeannot Katy , Fournier Damien , Müller Emeline , Cholley Pascal , Plésiat Patrick 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACT

From January to December 2011, 24
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
strains producing the extended-spectrum β-lactamase SHV-2a were identified in 13 hospitals in France. With one exception, all the strains belonged to the same clone. Double-disk synergy tests with cefepime and clavulanate were able to detect all the SHV-2a-positive isolates.
Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Variants in Long-Term Carriers
Authors: Chiou Chien-Shun , Wei Hsiao-Lun , Mu Jung-Jung , Liao Ying-Shu , Liang Shiu-Yun , Liao Chun-Hsing , Tsao Chi-Sen , Wang Shu-Chuan 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACT

Long-term typhoid carriers can simultaneously excrete
Salmonella enterica
serovar Typhi variants with considerable genetic differences, a situation that complicates the interpretation of the subtyping data used in outbreak investigations and disease surveillance.
Two Cases of Sepsis-Like Illness in Infants Caused by Human Parechovirus Traced Back to Elder Siblings with Mild Gastroenteritis and Respiratory Symptoms
Authors: Eis-Hübinger Anna M. , Eckerle Isabella , Helmer Angelika , Reber Ulrike , Dresbach Till , Buderus Stephan , Drosten Christian , Müller Andreas 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACT
Sepsis and sepsis-like illness in neonates and infants are serious emergencies. Recently, human parechovirus type 3 (HPeV-3) has been identified as a further etiologic agent of these conditions. We report two unlinked cases of infant HPeV-3 sepsis-like illness whose sources could be traced back to elder siblings with mild gastroenteritis and respiratory symptoms.
Clinical Significance of Filamentous Basidiomycetes Illustrated by Isolates of the Novel Opportunist Ceriporia lacerata from the Human Respiratory Tract
Authors: Chowdhary Anuradha , Agarwal Kshitij , Kathuria Shallu , Singh Pradeep Kumar , Roy P. , Gaur S. N. , de Hoog G. S. , Meis Jacques F. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACT

The filamentous basidiomycete
Ceriporia lacerata
, an agent of white rot on wood, has never been reported in human disease and its clinical significance is not yet known. We describe 4 patients with respiratory diseases where
C. lacerata
was implicated in a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from saprobic colonization to fungal pneumonia. The isolates did not show the morphological characteristics that facilitate recognition of filamentous basidiomycetes, such as the presence of clamp connections, spicules along hyphae, or fruiting bodies. The identity of the mold was confirmed by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer 1 and 4 (ITS-1 and ITS-4) and D1/D2 regions of the rRNA gene. All of the isolates exhibited the lowest MICs of posaconazole and isavuconazole (MIC range, 0.06 to 0.125 μg/ml), followed by itraconazole (MIC range, 0.06 to 0.5 μg/ml), voriconazole (MIC range, 0.125 to 0.5 μg/ml), and amphotericin B (MIC range, 0.25 to 1 μg/ml). The infections reported here occurred in patients with preexisting lung damage induced by tuberculosis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chronic, sometimes fatal infections by the ascomycete
Aspergillus fumigatus
and the basidiomycete S
chizophyllum commune
are well established in the presence of an anatomical pulmonary defect or in the background of immunodeficiency. It is postulated that
C. lacerata
, a novel opportunist basidiomycete, may be involved in similar pathological processes.
Hookah's new popularity among US college students: a pilot study of the characteristics of hookah smokers and their Facebook displays
Authors: Brockman Libby N , Pumper Megan A , Christakis Dimitri A , Moreno Megan A 
Published: December 2012

Objectives(1) To confirm the prevalence of hookah use among US college students. (2) To identify substances commonly smoked in hookahs and other substance use characteristics of hookah smokers. (3) Given the powerful influence of Facebook and its potential role in promoting behaviours, to assess the prevalence of hookah references on Facebook profiles.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingTwo large US universities; www.Facebook.com.Participants307 Facebook profiles were coded and 216 of these profile owners completed an online survey. On average, participants were 18.8 years old (SD=0.7), women (54%), Caucasian (70.4%) and approximately half were from each university.Outcome measuresLifetime and frequency of hookah use, substance smoked in hookah, cigarette and marijuana use, hookah references displayed on Facebook.Results27.8% of participants endorsed hookah use; there were no significant differences between age, gender, race or university for hookah use. Hookah users reported smoking tobacco (78%), hash (12%) and both tobacco and marijuana/hash (10%) in their hookah. Compared with non-hookah smokers, hookah smokers were more likely to report using cigarettes (OR=3.41, 95%CI=1.2 to 9.64) and marijuana (OR=15.01, 95%CI=6.5 to 34.65). Hookah references were present on 5% of Facebook profiles.ConclusionsMore than one quarter of college students smoke hookah. Most smoke tobacco in their hookah, and hookah smoking is associated with polysubstance use. Hookah may present new risks for nicotine addiction in this population.
Id-1 Is a Key Transcriptional Regulator of Glioblastoma Aggressiveness and a Novel Therapeutic Target
Authors: Soroceanu Liliana , Murase Ryuichi , Limbad Chandani , Singer Eric , Allison Juanita , Adrados Isabel , Kawamura Rumi , Pakdel Arash , Fukuyo Yayoi , Nguyen Daniel , Khan Sabeena , Arauz Robert , Yount Garret L. , Moore Dan H. , Desprez Pierre-Yves , McAllister Sean D. 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common form of primary adult brain tumors. A majority of glioblastomas grow invasively into distant brain tissue, leading to tumor recurrence, which is ultimately incurable. It is, therefore, essential to discover master regulators that control glioblastoma invasiveness and target them therapeutically. We show here that the transcriptional regulator Id-1 plays a critical role in modulating the invasiveness of glioblastoma cell lines and primary glioblastoma cells. Id-1 expression levels positively correlate with glioma cell invasiveness in culture and with histopathologic grades in patient biopsies. Id-1 knockdown dramatically reduces glioblastoma cell invasion that is accompanied by profound morphologic changes and robust reduction in expression levels of “mesenchymal” markers, as well as inhibition of self-renewal potential and downregulation of glioma stem cell markers. Importantly, genetic knockdown of Id-1 leads to a significant increase in survival in an orthotopic model of human glioblastoma. Furthermore, we show that a nontoxic compound, cannabidiol, significantly downregulates Id-1 gene expression and associated glioma cell invasiveness and self-renewal. In addition, cannabidiol significantly inhibits the invasion of glioblastoma cells through an organotypic brain slice and glioma progression in vivo. Our results suggest that Id-1 regulates multiple tumor-promoting pathways in glioblastoma and that drugs targeting Id-1 represent a novel and promising strategy for improving the therapy and outcome of patients with glioblastoma. Cancer Res; 73(5); 1559–69. ©2012 AACR.
Crizotinib-Resistant NPM-ALK Mutants Confer Differential Sensitivity to Unrelated Alk Inhibitors
Authors: Ceccon Monica , Mologni Luca , Bisson William , Scapozza Leonardo , Gambacorti-Passerini Carlo 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
The dual ALK/MET inhibitor crizotinib was recently approved for the treatment of metastatic and late-stage ALK+ NSCLC, and is currently in clinical trial for other ALK-related diseases. As predicted after other tyrosine kinase inhibitors' clinical experience, the first mutations that confer resistance to crizotinib have been described in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and in one patient inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT). Here, we focused our attention on the anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), where the oncogenic fusion protein NPM-ALK, responsible for 70% to 80% of cases, represents an ideal crizotinib target. We selected and characterized 2 human NPM-ALK+ ALCL cell lines, KARPAS-299 and SUP-M2, able to survive and proliferate at different crizotinib concentrations. Sequencing of ALK kinase domain revealed that a single mutation became predominant at high crizotinib doses in each cell line, namely L1196Q and I1171N in Karpas-299 and SUP-M2 cells, respectively. These mutations also conferred resistance to crizotinib in Ba/F3 cells expressing human NPM-ALK. The resistant cell populations, as well as mutated Ba/F3 cells, were characterized for sensitivity to two additional ALK inhibitors: the dual ALK/EGFR inhibitor AP26113 and NVP-TAE684. While L1196Q-positive cell lines were sensitive to both inhibitors, cells carrying I1171N substitution showed cross-resistance to all ALK inhibitors tested. This study provides potentially relevant information for the management of patients with ALCL that may relapse after crizotinib treatment. Mol Cancer Res; 11(2); 122–32. ©2012 AACR.
Neutrophils, neutrophil extracellular traps and interleukin-17 associate with the organisation of thrombi in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Li Xiaofei , Teeling Peter , Mackaay Claire , Ploegmakers Hanneke , van der Loos Chris , Daemen Mat , de Winter Robbert , van der Wal Allard , de Boer Onno 
Published: December 2012

SummaryNeutrophils are important cellular sources of interleukin (IL) 17A and –F. Moreover, upon activation neutrophils are able to excrete chromatin embedded with components from their cytoplasmic granules to form ‘neutrophil extracellular traps’ (NETs). Recent studies suggested that NETs contribute to thrombosis by promoting fibrin deposition and platelet aggregation. IL17A may also promote thrombosis by enhancing platelet aggregation. In the present study we investigated the presence of neutrophils, NETs and IL17A and –F in coronary thrombosuction specimens obtained from patients after acute myocardial infarction. Neutrophils and NETs were identified using histochemical (H&E, Feulgen procedure) and immunohistochemical stainings (Histone H1, myeloperoxidase, neutrophil elastase) in 15 fresh, 15 lytic and 15 organised thrombi. The presence and distribution of IL17A and –F was studied using (immuno)histochemical double staining and spectral image analysis, rtPCR and Western blot. High numbers of neutrophils are present (10–30% of the thrombus mass) in fresh and lytic, but not in organized thrombus. NETs were frequently observed in fresh (4/15) and lytic (12/15), but never in organised thrombus specimens. Double staining combining the Feulgen reaction with Histone- H1, MPO or neutrophil elastase confirmed colocalisation with DNA. Cytoplasmatic IL17A/F staining was found in the majority of the neutrophils, extracellularly and in NETs. Western blotting confirmed the presence of IL17A and IL17F in thrombus specimens. In conclusion, a large burden of neutrophils, neutrophil extracellular traps and IL17A and –F are important constituents of fresh and lytic thrombus after acute myocardial infarction. The specific colocalisation of these indicates a role during thrombus stabilisation and growth.
Replacement therapy for bleeding episodes in factor VII deficiency
Authors: Napolitano Mariasanta , Dolce Alberto , Garrido Rosario Perez , Batorova Angelika , Karimi Mehran , Platokouki Helen , Auerswald Günter , Bertrand Anne-Marie , Di Minno Giovanni , Schved Jean , Bjerre Jens , Ingerslev Jorgen , Sørensen Benny , Ruiz-Saez Arlette , Mariani Guglielmo ,   the Seven Treatment Evaluation Registry (STER) and the International Factor VII Deficiency Study Groups
Published: December 2012

SummaryPatients with inherited factor VII (FVII) deficiency display different clinical phenotypes requiring ad hoc management. This study evaluated treatments for spontaneous and traumatic bleeding using data from the Seven Treatment Evaluation Registry (STER). One-hundred one bleeds were analysed in 75 patients (41 females; FVII coagulant activity <1–20%). Bleeds were grouped as haemarthroses (n=30), muscle/subcutaneous haematomas (n=16), epistaxis (n=12), gum bleeding (n=13), menorrhagia (n=16), central nervous system (CNS; n=9), gastrointestinal (GI; n=2) and other (n=3). Of 93 evaluable episodes, 76 were treated with recombinant, activated FVII (rFVIIa), eight with fresh frozen plasma (FFP), seven with plasma-derived FVII (pdFVII) and two with prothrombin-complex concentrates. One-day replacement therapy resulted in very favourable outcomes in haemarthroses, and was successful in muscle/subcutaneous haematomas, epistaxis and gum bleeding. For menorrhagia, single- or multiple-dose schedules led to favourable outcomes. No thrombosis occurred; two inhibitors were detected in two repeatedly treated patients (one postrFVIIa, one post-pdFVII). In FVII deficiency, most bleeds were successfully treated with single ‘intermediate’ doses (median 60 µg/kg) of rFVIIa. For the most severe bleeds (CNS, GI) short- or long-term prophylaxis may be optimal.
Prevalence of thrombocytosis in critically ill patients and its association with symptomatic acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Chavan Shaila , Ho Kwok 
Published: December 2012

SummaryIt is uncertain whether thrombocytosis without underlying myeloproliferative diseases is associated with an increased risk of acute pulmonary embolism (PE). We investigated the relationship between thrombocytosis and risk of symptomatic acute PE, and whether Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI) was reliable in predicting mortality of acute PE. This multicentre registry study involved a total of 609,367 critically ill patients admitted to 160 intensive care units (ICUs) in Australia or New Zealand between 2006 and 2011. Forward stepwise logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between risk of acute PE and platelet counts on intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Acute PE (n=3387) accounted for 0.9% of all emergency ICU admissions. Over 20% of all PE required mechanical ventilation, 4.2% had cardiac arrest, and the mortality was high (14.8%). Thrombocytosis, defined by a platelet count >500×109 per litre, occurred in 2.1% of the patients and was more common in patients with acute PE than other diagnoses (3.4 vs. 2.0%). The platelet counts explained about 4.5% of the variability and had a linear relationship with the risk of acute PE (odds ratio 1.19 per 100×109 per litre increment in platelet count, 95% confidence interval 1.06–1.34), after adjusting for other covariates. The PESI had a reasonable discriminative ability (area under receiver-operating-characteristic curve = 0.78) and calibration to predict mortality across a wide range of severity of acute PE. In summary, thrombocytosis was associated with an increased risk of symptomatic acute PE. PESI was useful in predicting mortality across a wide range of severity of acute PE.