bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rituximab pharmacokinetics in children and adolescents with de novo intermediate and advanced mature B‐cell lymphoma/leukaemia: a Children's Oncology Group report
Authors: Barth Matthew J. , Goldman Stanton , Smith Lynette , Perkins Sherrie , Shiramizu Bruce , Gross Thomas G. , Harrison Lauren , Sanger Warren , Geyer Mark B. , Giulino‐Roth Lisa , Cairo Mitchell S. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryThe ANHL01P1 trial was undertaken to determine pharmacokinetics and safety following the addition of rituximab to French‐American‐British/Lymphome Malins de Burkitt (FAB/LMB96) chemotherapy in 41 children and adolescents with Stage III/IV mature B‐cell lymphoma/leukaemia. Patients received rituximab (375 mg/m2) days −2 and 0 of two induction cycles and day 0 of two consolidation cycles. Highest peak levels were achieved following the second dose of each induction cycle [299 ± 19 and 384 ± 25 μg/ml (Group‐B); 245 ± 31 and 321 ± 32 μg/ml (Group‐C)] with sustained troughs and t½ of 26–29 d. Rituximab can be safely added to FAB chemotherapy with high early rituximab peak/trough levels and a long t½.
Association between plasma free haem and incidence of vaso‐occlusive episodes and acute chest syndrome in children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Adisa Olufolake A. , Hu Yijuan , Ghosh Samit , Aryee Doreen , Osunkwo Ifeyinwa , Ofori‐Acquah Solomon F. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryWe tested the hypothesis that extracellular haem is linked to the incidence of acute complications of sickle cell disease (SCD). Using multivariable regression analysis, higher plasma free haem, but not total plasma haem, was associated with increased odds of vaso‐occlusive crisis (VOC) [P = 0·028, odds ratio (OR); 2·05, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1·08–3·89] and acute chest syndrome (ACS) [P = 0·016, OR; 2·56, CI = 1·19, 5·47], after adjusting for age and gender in children with SCD. These findings suggest that haem and factors that influence its concentration in plasma may be informative of the risk of VOC and ACS in SCD patients.
Long term results of a phase 2 study of vincristine sulfate liposome injection (Marqibo®) substituted for non‐liposomal vincristine in cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone with or without rituximab for patients with untreated aggressive non‐Hodgkin lymphomas
Authors: Hagemeister Fredrick , Rodriguez Maria Alma , Deitcher Steven R. , Younes Anas , Fayad Luis , Goy Andre , Dang Nam H. , Forman Arthur , McLaughlin Peter , Medeiros Leonard Jeffrey , Pro Barbara , Romaguera Jorge , Samaniego Felipe , Silverman Jeffrey A. , Sarris Andreas , Cabanillas Fernando 
Published: June 2013

SummaryVincristine sulfate liposome injection (VSLI; Marqibo®; M) is active in relapsed and refractory lymphomas, and approved in the United States for relapsed and refractory adult acute lymphocytic leukaemia. We evaluated VSLI (2·0 mg/m2 without dose cap) substituted for non‐liposomal vincristine (VCR) in a cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone ± ritiximab (CHOP±R) regimen, creating CHMP±R in 72 untreated, aggressive non‐Hodgkin lymphoma patients, including 60 with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The overall response rate was 96% (69/72) including complete response (CR) in 65 (90%) and unconfirmed CR in 2 (3%). Median progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were not reached at median follow‐up of 8 and 10·2 years, respectively. The 5‐ and 10‐year PFS and OS were 75%, 63%, 87%, and 77%, respectively. Despite VSLI exposure of up to 35 mg, the safety profile of CHMP±R was comparable to that reported for CHOP±R. Grade 3 peripheral neuropathy was reported in 2 (3%) patients; there was no reported Grade 3/4 constipation. CHMP±R was highly active, generally well tolerated, and compared favourably to historical trials with R‐CHOP in DLBCL. This enhanced activity probably reflects VCR dose intensification, pharmacokinetic optimization, and enhanced delivery afforded by VSLI. A Phase 3 trial of R‐CHMP versus R‐CHOP in elderly patients with untreated DLBCL is ongoing.
Prognostic value of preoperative multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for predicting biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy
Authors: Hattori Seiya , Kosaka Takeo , Mizuno Ryuichi , Kanao Kent , Miyajima Akira , Yasumizu Yota , Yazawa Satoshi , Nagata Hirohiko , Kikuchi Eiji , Mikami Shuji , Jinzaki Masahiro , Nakagawa Ken , Tanimoto Akihiro , Oya Mototsugu 
Published: June 2013

Objective
To evaluate the suitability of preoperative multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) positivity as a predictor of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy (RP).
Patients and Methods
We reviewed the clinical records of patients who underwent either standard RP or laparoscopic RP between January 2005 and December 2009 at our institution.
Patients who received radiotherapy or androgen deprivation therapy before surgery were excluded. A total of 314 patients met the study inclusion criteria.
Cox proportional hazard regression models were used for analyses.
In accordance with the criteria in the established guidelines, a radiologist scored the probability of the presence of prostate cancer using a five‐point scale of diagnostic confidence level. The highest confidence level of any pulse sequence was considered as the evaluation result.
Results
MRI positivity was significantly associated with a high clinical stage (cT ≥ 2; P = 0.039), a high positive biopsy core rate (≥0.2; P < 0.001), a high biopsy Gleason score ([GS] ≥8; P < 0.001) and a high pathological GS (≥8; P = 0.005).
Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis showed that MRI positivity was a prognostic indicator in the analysis that included only preoperative variables and also in the analysis including preoperative and pathological variables.
Conclusion
Multiparametric MRI positivity can independently predict biochemical recurrence after RP.
Forty‐eight hour kidney transplant admissions
Authors: Siskind Eric , Villa Manuel , Jaimes Natalia , Huntoon Kristin , Alex Asha , Blum Mark , Tyrell Richard , Sameyah Emil , Kuncewitch Michael , Giangola Matthew , Agorastos Stergiani , Deutsch Gary , Plumley Lauren , Shen Adam , Robinson Melissa , Alexander Mohini , Israel Ezra , Lumermann Leandro , Bhaskaran Madhu , Calderon Kellie , Jhaveri Kenar D. , Sachdeva Mala , Bellucci Alessandro , Mattana Joseph , Fishbane Steven , D'Agostino Catherine , Nicastro Jeffrey , Coppa Gene , Molmenti Ernesto 
Published: June 2013

AbstractForty‐eight hour kidney transplantation admissions are a feasible option in selected recipients of live‐donor allografts through the use of standardized post‐operative protocols, multidisciplinary team patient care, and intensive follow‐up at outpatient centers. Age, gender, and pre‐transplant dialysis status did not impact the ability to achieve 48‐hour admissions. We did not identify any other pre‐operative risk factors that contributed to increased length of stay. Although ABO and highly sensitized recipients had longer lengths of stay, the subgroup was too small to achieve statistical significance. We did not encounter any readmissions within the first seven post‐operative days. Further improvements in clinical management will enhance the potential to shorten the length of hospital stay for all kidney transplant recipients.
The role of cytological follow‐up after radical vaginal trachelectomy for early‐stage cervical cancer
Authors: Edey K. , Denton K. , Murdoch J. 
Published: June 2013

ObjectivesTo identify whether recurrences were picked up by cytology alone after radical vaginal trachelectomy and to determine the false‐positive rate of abnormal cytology.MethodsRetrospective collection of patients from the cancer registry since radical vaginal trachelectomy was first performed in Bristol in 1999. All cytology results were collated and re‐reviewed by a senior consultant cellular pathologist at the cytopathology centre in Southmead Hospital, Bristol. Cytology results and pathology and survival data are discussed, and any downgrading or upgrading of reports is reviewed.ResultsEighteen women were identified and 80 isthmic cytology samples were reviewed. Only one recurrence has occurred. Lower uterine segment sampling was apparent in 25 samples and other endometrial cells in 21 samples: thus 58% showed endometrial cell sampling. Odd metaplastic cells from the newly formed transformation zone were found in 25 samples (31%). Fifteen (19%) showed significant inflammation, two with actinomyces. After cytology review, seven of 80 reports were changed: two between negative and inadequate, two borderline changes in endocervical cells and one mild dyskaryosis were downgraded to negative, and two cases reported as ?glandular neoplasia were changed to squamous cell carcinoma and negative, respectively.ConclusionsCytology reporting may be challenging after trachelectomy. Cytology in our series did not add to the diagnosis of recurrence in the one case in which it occurred. We propose a pragmatic follow‐up regime, and discuss the importance of the centralization of cytology reporting in these patients.
Surgical extrusion as a treatment option for crown–root fracture in permanent anterior teeth: a systematic review
Authors: Das Bhaskar , Muthu Murugan Satta 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundA crown–root fracture is defined as a fracture involving enamel, dentin, and cementum. The possibility of saving and reconstructing teeth with such fractures has increasingly become a viable alternative to extraction and prosthetic therapy. One such treatment option available is surgical extrusion.ObjectiveThe aim of this review is to evaluate surgical extrusion as a treatment modality for management of crown–root fractures in permanent anterior teeth.MethodsElectronic search of scientific papers was carried out on Entrez Pubmed and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases using specific keywords. The search yielded 130 papers, out of which 16 relevant papers were identified and included based on predetermined inclusion criteria and the remaining 114 were found to be irrelevant. Hand search yielded 10 articles, which were also included. These 26 articles which included only case reports and case series formed the basis of this systematic review.ConclusionFrom the existing literature, we can conclude that surgical extrusion can be used to treat crown–root fractures successfully. But the level of evidence is very low as the studies available are only case reports and case series.
Role of environmental factors in the spread of domestic trout in Mediterranean streams
Authors: Splendiani Andrea , Ruggeri Paolo , Giovannotti Massimo , Caputo Barucchi Vincenzo 
Published: June 2013

Summary

Overharvesting, habitat alteration and pollution have contributed to the decline of many wild populations of brown trout in Europe. Since the mid‐19th century, stocking with domestic strains has added a further threat to their genetic integrity. In this study, we adopted a landscape genetic approach to evaluate the role of environmental factors in promoting or hindering invasion by an alien genome.

Two classes of molecular markers (LDH‐C1* locus and mtDNA) were used to evaluate the level of introgression between native and domestic strains of brown trout in Central Italy. A multivariate method (redundancy analysis, RDA) was employed to find relationships between genetic diversity and 19 environmental variables that describe lithology, geomorphology, fish community and human activities.

The RDA indicated that streams with more stable ecological conditions sustain almost pure native populations, whereas streams characterised by unpredictable hydrological conditions harbour populations with high levels of introgression or pure for foreign genotypes.

Our study revealed that the outcome of supplementary stocking with hatchery‐reared brown trout is strongly linked to the environmental features of different drainage basins.
Minimally Invasive Surgery in Veterinary Practice: A 2010 Survey of Diplomates and Residents of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons
Authors: Bleedorn Jason A. , Dykema Jennifer L. , Hardie Robert J. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo report the current state of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in veterinary surgical practice in 2010.Study DesignElectronic questionnaire.Sample PopulationDiplomates and residents of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons (ACVS).MethodsA survey (38 questions for Diplomates, 23 questions for residents) was sent electronically to 1216 Diplomates and 300 residents. Questions were organized into 5 categories to investigate: (1) caseload and distribution of MIS cases; (2) MIS training; (3) MIS benefits, morbidity, limitations and motivating factors; (4) ACVS role; and (5) demographics of the study population.ResultsEighty‐six percent of small animal (SA) Diplomates, 99% of large animal (LA) Diplomates, and 98% of residents had performed MIS. Median LA caseload (30 cases/year; range, 1–600) was significantly higher than SA caseload (20 cases/year; range, 1–350). Descending order of case distribution was: arthroscopy > laparoscopy > endoscopic upper airway > thoracoscopy. Sixty percent of Diplomates and 98% of residents received MIS training during their residency. Residents' perspective of MIS training proficiency was positively correlated to caseload. Ninety‐five percent of all respondents felt postoperative morbidity was less with MIS, and were motivated by patient benefits, maintaining a high standard of care, and personal interests. Fifty‐eight percent of Diplomates and 89% of residents felt ACVS should be involved in developing MIS training.ConclusionsMIS is widely used by ACVS Diplomates and residents in clinical practice; however, important differences exist between SA and LA surgeons and practice types. MIS training in partnership with the ACVS is needed for continued development in veterinary surgery.
Working memory development in children with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities
Authors: Van der Molen M. J. , Henry L. A. , Van Luit J. E. H. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of the current cross‐sectional study was to examine the developmental progression in working memory (WM) between the ages of 9 and 16 years in a large sample of children with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities (MBID). Baddeley's influential WM model was used as a theoretical framework. Furthermore, the relations between WM on the one hand, and scholastic skills (arithmetic and reading) on the other were examined.MethodOne hundred and ninety‐seven children with MBID between 9 and 16 years old participated in this study. All children completed several tests measuring short‐term memory, WM, inhibition, arithmetic and single word reading.ResultsWM, visuospatial short‐term memory and inhibition continued to develop until around age 15 years. However verbal short‐term memory showed no further developmental increases after the age of 10 years. Verbal short‐term memory was associated with single word reading, whereas inhibition was associated with arithmetic.DiscussionThe finding that verbal short‐term memory ceases to develop beyond the age of 10 years in children with MBID contrasts with results of studies involving typically developing children, where verbal short‐term memory develops until around age 15 years. This relative early developmental plateau might explain why verbal short‐term memory is consistently considered weak in children with MBID.
HIV Risk in Group Sexual Encounters: An Event-Level Analysis from a National Online Survey of MSM in the U.S.
Authors: Grov Christian , Rendina H. Jonathon , Ventuneac Ana , Parsons Jeffrey T. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Researchers have investigated group sexual encounters (GSEs) as potential sources for HIV/STI transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM); however, much of this work has focused on organized sex parties.

Aim
To compare behavioral and social characteristics of groups of men who engaged in three types of GSEs: threesomes, spontaneous group sex, and organized sex parties.

Methods
In 2012, 1,815 U.S.-based MSM completed an online survey.

Main Outcome Measure
We compared men based on their most recent type of GSE: threesome (68.2%), spontaneous group sex (19.7%), or organized sex party (12.1%).

Results
Using multinomial logistic regression, with type of GSE as the dependent variable, MSM who were HIV-positive, used stimulants (cocaine, methamphetamine, crack), consumed five or more alcoholic drinks, and reported receptive unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) during the most recent GSE had significantly higher odds of having had spontaneous group sex as compared to a threesome. MSM who were HIV-positive, not in a relationship, and did not report receptive UAI during the most recent GSE had significantly higher odds of having attended an organized sex party as compared to a threesome. MSM who were in a relationship, had consumed five or more alcoholic drinks, had used stimulants, and reported receptive UAI during the most recent GSE had significantly higher odds of having had spontaneous group sex as compared to an organized sex party. Compared to others, those having engaged in a GSE were more likely to report recent UAI (65% vs. 45%).

Conclusions
Men having engaged in a GSE were at greater risk for behaviors that transmit HIV and STIs. Unique social and behavioral characteristics inherent to threesomes, spontaneous group sex, and sex parties highlight the need to identify prevention strategies to help those who participate in GSEs reduce their risk for HIV and STI transmission.
Innervation and Histology of the Clitoral–Urethal Complex: A Cross-Sectional Cadaver Study
Authors: Oakley Susan H. , Mutema George K. , Crisp Catrina C. , Estanol M. Victoria , Kleeman Steven D. , Fellner Angela N. , Pauls Rachel N. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Despite its central role in sexual function, we lack a description of the nerve distribution and histology for the central components of the clitoris.

Aim
This study aims to characterize microscopic anatomy of the clitoral–urethral complex (CUC) and aid our understanding of sexual sensation

Methods
The CUC was excised from three female fresh-frozen cadavers en bloc and prepared in 5-μm longitudinal sections with hematoxylin and eosin and S100 immunohistochemistry for neural elements. Approximately 20 sections were obtained from each specimen. On low power microscopy, the 30 most innervated fields on each section were identified. On high power, the total number of nerves per field was quantified, then was averaged. The histologic characteristics of each clitoral component were described. Two investigators evaluated all specimens.

Main Outcome Measures
Descriptives of large (≥3 fibers) and small nerves based on location in the CUC.

Results
Nerve quantification revealed the glans to be the most populated by small nerves (52.1, standard deviation [SD] 26.2). As slices through each specimen moved caudad toward the urethra, the number of small nerves dramatically decreased from 40.4 (SD 10.8) in the body and 29.8 (SD 8.8) (superior CUC) near the bulb to 23.7 (SD 9.8) in the middle CUC and 20.5 (SD 10.4) (inferior CUC) near the urethra. Although the variation in small nerves was striking, large nerves were somewhat uniform and comprised a minority of the overall quantity. Neuroanatomy was consistent for all cadaver specimens.

Conclusions
Our study provided a description of the nerve distribution throughout the central CUC. Increased density of small nerves in the glans suggests this is the location of heightened sensation. Decreasing quantity of nerves in segments closer to the urethra may indicate these zones are less important for sexual sensation. Knowledge of human clitoral innervation is important for understanding the complexities of the female sexual response cycle.
Role of FDFT1 polymorphism for fibrosis progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Stättermayer Albert F. , Rutter Karoline , Beinhardt Sandra , Wrba Fritz , Scherzer Thomas‐Matthias , Strasser Michael , Hofer Harald , Steindl‐Munda Petra , Trauner Michael , Ferenci Peter 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundIn chronic hepatitis C (CHC), steatosis is associated with fibrosis and impaired response to antiviral therapy. Recently, a polymorphism of single nucleotide polymorphism SNP rs2645424 of farnesyl diphosphate farnesyl transferase 1 (FDFT1) was identified in NAFLD/NASH as a possible causal link to steatosis and fibrosis progression. SNP rs738409 in the adiponutrin gene (PNPLA3) is a well described factor for steatosis. This study evaluated the relation of these SNPs on steatosis, fibrosis and treatment response in CHC.MethodsThe SNPs rs738409478 and rs2645424 were determined by real‐time PCR in 478 patients with CHC (m/f: 314/164; mean age: 44.9 ± 10.7; GT1: 387, GT4: 91) who completed treatment with peg‐IFN‐α‐2a/ribavirin. All had a pretreatment liver biopsy. Steatosis and fibrosis were graded by board‐certified pathologists according to Brunt and METAVIR respectively.ResultsThe distribution of FDFT1 rs2645424 was GG: 186 (38.9%), AG: 222 (46.4%) and AA: 70 (14.6%) and of the rs738409 PNPLA3 allele: CC: 269 (56.3%), CG: 177 (37.0%) and GG: 32 (6.7%).Overall, FDTF1 polymorphism was not linked to the extent of steatosis or fibrosis. However, in patients without steatosis the AA genotype was associated with advanced fibrosis [AA: 8/20 (40.0%), AG: 6/70 (8.5%), GG: 9/57 (16.1%), P = 0.003]. In contrast, the minor PNPLA3 allele was associated with both steatosis and advanced fibrosis (P < 0.001).Both SNPs did not influence treatment response.ConclusionThe minor allele in FDFT1 was associated with advanced fibrosis in the non‐steatotic but not in the steatotic subgroup. This may reflect different metabolic pathways in fibrosis progression for steatotic and non‐steatotic patients with CHC.
Sex‐related site fidelity of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) to the Fueguian Archipelago feeding area, Chile
Authors: Acevedo Jorge , Mora Carla , Aguayo‐Lobo Anelio 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe investigated sex‐related site fidelity by humpback whales to the Fueguian Archipelago, a new feeding area in the eastern South Pacific, by examining the resighting histories of 45 males and 39 females recorded from 2003 to 2012. Results indicated an overall annual return to the feeding area of 74.8%, and annual sex ratio is roughly equal in the population. The probability of an individual being resighted across years and in subsequent years was not significantly different for both males and females, however, the proportion of resighting within a year was significantly higher for individual males compared to females. Potential sources of sex‐related bias were analyzed, but none were found to be significant. Greater intraannual resighting frequency for males may reflect sex‐based differences in spatial occupation and short‐range movements due to potential differences in energy budgets.
Pathophysiologic and anesthetic considerations for patients with myotonia congenita or periodic paralyses
Authors: Bandschapp Oliver , Iaizzo Paul A. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryMyotonia congenita and periodic paralyses are hereditary skeletal muscle channelopathies. In these disorders, various channel defects in the sarcolemma lead to a severely disturbed membrane excitability of the affected skeletal muscles. The clinical picture can range from severe myotonic reactions (e.g., masseter spasm, opisthotonus) to attacks of weakness and paralysis. Provided here is a short overview of the pathomechanisms behind such wide‐ranging phenotypic presentations in these patients, followed by recommendations concerning the management of anesthesia in such populations.