bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outflows of groundwater in lakes: case study of Lake Raduńske Górne
Authors: Cieśliński Roman , Piekarz Jacek 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The aim of the study was to locate and describe groundwater outflows in a selected lake basin. The study hypothesis was based on the fact that, according to the specialist literature, one of the forms of lake water supply is through groundwater outflows. It was also assumed that the lakes of the Kashubian Lake District are characterised by such a form of lake water supply. The time scope of the work included the period from January 2011 to September 2012. The spatial scope of the work included the area of Lake Raduńskie Górne, located in the Kashubian Lake District in north Poland. The research plot was in the north-eastern part of the lake. Office works were aimed at gathering and studying source materials and maps. Cartographic materials were analysed with the use of the MapInfo Professional 9.5. The purpose of the field work was to find the groundwater outflows in the basin of Lake Raduńskie Górne. During the field research diving was carried out in the lake. During the dive audiovisual documentation was conducted using a Nikon D90 camera with Ikelite underwater housing for Nikon D90 and an Ikelite DS 161 movie substrobe, as well as a GoPro HD HERO 2 Outdoor camera. During the project, four groundwater outflows were found. In order to examine these springs audiovisual and photographic documentation was made. To systematise the typology of the discovered springs, new nomenclature was suggested, namely under-lake springs with subtypes: an under-lake slope spring and under-lake offshore spring
Thermo-Insulation Properties Of Hemp-Based Products
Authors: Lekavicius V. , Shipkovs P. , Ivanovs S. , Rucins A. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
As known, many multi-purpose plants can be used in different industries. This research is focused on the possibilities to utilize hemp as feedstock for thermal insulation products. The most advantageous features of hemp insulation are associated with health and environmental safety. The thermal conductivity of commercially available hemp insulation products is comparable with that of other fibrous insulation materials; however, it is possible to develop new products that could be more efficient in terms of cost and due to other important features.
Use of antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Dragomiretskaya Natalia , Izha Anna , Kalinichenko Nikolay , Szark-Eckardt Mirosława , Klimczyk Mariusz , Cieślicka Mirosława , Muszkieta Radosław , Prusik Krzysztof , Napierała Marek , Żukowska Hanna , Zukow Walery 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Introduction: The presence of background HCV
infection cannot be overestimated in view of the prevalence
of chronic hepatitis C and the risk of adverse outcomes
of this disease. Purpose of this study was to evaluate
the effectiveness of the combined use of antiviral therapy
(Roferon + Vero-Ribavirin) and resort factors in patients
with chronic hepatitis C in the phase of replication.
Material and methods: We observed 48 patients with
chronic hepatitis C; the minimum level of activity of the
process defined the phase of replication. Markers of HCV
infection were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA) (a-HCV and HCV-Ig M). HCV RNA
was determined twice by the polymerase chain reaction
(PCR). Genotyping of hepatitis C virus was performed.
Biochemical blood analysis and the study of HCV infection
markers were carried out four times. Results of therapy
were assessed immediately after the end of the resort
(spa) treatment, then at 3, 6 and 12 months after starting
treatment. At 12 months after starting treatment, all the
observed patients had persistent clinical and biochemical
remission. Elimination of the virus from the blood was
noted in 56% of the control group and 74% of patients in
the study group.
Conclusions: For patients with moderately active HCV, the
replication phase was characterized by asthenic-vegetative
syndrome (100% of patients) with severe depression (22.92%), pain (77.08%) and dyspeptic syndrome (33.33%),
moderate hypertransferaseemia (100%), slightly pronounced
cholestasis (33% of patients), and signs of mesenchymal-
inflammatory response.
Platelet to lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Peng You-Fan , Cao Ling , Zeng Yan-Hua , Zhang Zhao-Xia , Chen Dan , Zhang Qiong , Zhu You-Sen 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Objectives: It has been well documented that the
platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and the neutrophil to
lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are associated with outcomes for
patients with gastric cancer, non-small cell lung cancer
and acute heart failure. Inflammation may be the hidden
factor that explains the correlation between NLP, PLR, and
these diseases. However, to date, the data concerning NLR,
PLR, and its association with inflammation are lacking
in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), thus, our aim
to discuss whether NLR and PLR are associated with RA.
Methods: Patients with RA and healthy individuals
were included according to the determined criteria,
and laboratory indicators were measured.
Results: PLR and NLR were significantly higher in RA
patients compared with healthy controls (3.20±2.06
vs. 1.56±0.47, P<0.01; 192.85±101.78 vs. 103.49±28.68,
P<0.01). When leukocytes, neutrophil percentage, neutrophil,
lymphocyte, platelet, C-reactive protein (CRP),
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and rheumatoid
factor (RF) were considered as confounders (crude
model), our results indicated that ESR and RF were correlated
to RA. Of note, ESR, RF, and PLR were associated
with RA after further adjustment based on crude model
for PLR and NLR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC)
curves analysis showed that PLR values higher than >115.7 evaluated RA with a sensitivity of 82.5%, a specificity
of 74.8% and area under the curve ( AUC ) of 0.847.
Conclusions:Our results suggest that PLR is associated
with RA, and PLR may be an underlying indicator indicating
the chronic subclinical inflammation in patients
with RA.
Potential drug interactions with statins:
Estonian register-based study
Authors: Gavronski Maia , Volmer Daisy , Hartikainen Sirpa , Zharkovsky Alexander 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In Estonia, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors are
widely used to modify lipid levels but there are no current
data on additional medicines prescribed alongside the
statins. The aim of this study was to identify the frequency
of potential clinically relevant interactions at a national
level among an outpatient population treated with statins
between January and June 2008, based on the prescription
database of the Estonian Health Insurance Fund. This retrospective
prevalence study included 203,646 outpatients
aged 50 years or older, of whom 29,367 received statin
therapy. The study analysed individuals who had used at
least one prescription medicine for a minimum of 7 days
concomitantly with statins. Potential drug interactions
were analysed using Epocrates online, Stockley’s Drug
Interactions, and the drug interaction database developed
in Estonia. Statins metabolised by the CYP3A4 isoenzyme
were prescribed to 64% of all statin users. Medicines
known to have potentially clinically significant interactions
with statins were prescribed to 4.6% of patients.

The drugs prescribed concomitantly most often with simvastatin
were warfarin (5.7%) and amiodarone (3.9%),
whereas digoxin (1.2%) and ethinylestradiol (2%) were
prescribed with atorvastatin.

Potential interactions were not detected in the treatment
regimens of rosuvastatin, pravastatin, and fluvastatin
users.
The Long-Term Development of Water Bodies in the Context of Land Use: The Case of the Kyjovka and Trkmanka River Basins (Czech Republic)/ Dlouhodobý vývoj vodních ploch v povodí Kyjovky a Trkmanky v kontextu využití krajiny (Česká republika)
Authors: Havlíček Marek , Pavelková Renata , Frajer Jindřich , Skokanová Hana 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The long-term development of water bodies is investigated in this article using the cases of two river basins with similar natural conditions: the Kyjovka and Trkmanka River Basins in the Czech Republic. Using old topographic maps, land use development was assessed and the analysis of driving forces of land use changes was carried out. The essential land use changes in these areas are connected with the processes of agricultural intensification and urbanisation. The largest area of water bodies was recorded in both river basins in 1763. In the second half of the 19th century, the disappearance of most water bodies in the two basins was significantly affected by the above-mentioned driving forces. After World War II, some of the water bodies in the Kyjovka River Basin were restored and new ponds were established. In contrast, no significant water bodies were restored in the Trkmanka River Basin.
Nonlocal Electrostatics in Spherical
Geometries Using Eigenfunction Expansions
of Boundary-Integral Operators
Authors: Bardhan Jaydeep P. , Knepley Matthew G. , Brune Peter 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In this paper, we present an exact, infinite-series solution to Lorentz nonlocal continuum electrostatics
for an arbitrary charge distribution in a spherical solute. Our approach relies on two key steps: (1)
re-formulating the PDE problem using boundary-integral equations, and (2) diagonalizing the boundaryintegral
operators using the fact that their eigenfunctions are the surface spherical harmonics. To introduce
this uncommon approach for calculations in separable geometries, we first re-derive Kirkwood’s classic
results for a protein surrounded concentrically by a pure-water ion-exclusion (Stern) layer and then a
dilute electrolyte, which is modeled with the linearized Poisson–Boltzmann equation. The eigenfunctionexpansion
approach provides a computationally efficient way to test some implications of nonlocal models,
including estimating the reasonable range of the nonlocal length-scale parameter λ. Our results suggest that
nonlocal solvent response may help to reduce the need for very high dielectric constants in calculating pHdependent
protein behavior, though more sophisticated nonlocal models are needed to resolve this question
in full. An open-source MATLAB implementation of our approach is freely available online.
Multiculturalism Is a Condition of the Heart: White Voices Inside the Walls of Southern Universities
Authors: Wilder Lynn K. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Multiculturalism was founded after the genocide of the Holocaust to ensure acts of annihilation toward a people group never again occurred. Fifty years after the Civil Rights Movement in the United States, diverse faculty and diverse students are still underrepresented in universities. In absentia and expecting more diverse faculty, how can White faculty effectively promote moral multiculturalism?
Comparative Tests of Temperature Effects on the Performance of Gan and Sic Photodiodes
Authors: Ćwirko Joanna , Ćwirko Robert , Mikołajczyk Janusz 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The paper presents a study of the performance of some selected UV detectors. Unlike many similar works, the obtained data refer to commercial photodiodes (not only to detector materials). The main task of the research was to determine the influence of the operating temperature and annealing on the detector spectral responsiveness. A comparison of the results obtained for the photodiodes made of GaN and SiC was also performed. Although both kinds of detectors can work at high temperatures for a long time, some modification of their properties was observed. However, for GaN and SiC photodiodes, this modification has a substantially different nature. It is very important for some applications, e.g. fire alarms and a military equipment.
Measurement and Comparison of Reliability Performance of Photovoltaic Power Optimizers for Energy Production
Authors: Catelani Marcantonio , Ciani Lorenzo , Graditi Giorgio , Adinolfi Giovanna 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Photovoltaic (PV) power optimizers are introduced in PV systems to improve their energetic productivity in presence of mismatching phenomena and not uniform operating conditions. Commercially available converters are characterized by different DC-DC topologies. A promising one is the boost topology with its different versions. It is characterized by its circuital simplicity, few devices and high efficiency values - necessary features for a Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking (DMPPT) converter. PV power optimizer designs represent a challenging task since they operate in continuously changing operating conditions which strongly influence electronic component properties and thus the performance of complete converters. An aspect to carefully analyze in such applications is the thermal factor. In this paper, a necessity to have a suitable temperature monitoring system to avoid dangerous conditions is underlined In addition, another important requirement for a PV power optimizer is its reliability, since it can suggest a useful information on its diagnostic aspects, maintenance and investments. In fact, a reliable device requires less maintenance services, also improving the economic aspect. The evaluation of the electronic system reliability can be carried out using different reliability prediction models. In this paper, reliability indices, such as the Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) or the Failure Rate of a Diode Rectification (DR) boost, are calculated using the evaluation of the Military Handbook 217F and Siemens SN29500 prediction models. With the reliability prediction results it has been possible to identify the most critical components of a DMPPT converter and a measurement setup has been developed in order to monitor the component stress level on the temperature, power, voltage, current, and energy in the DMPPT design phase avoiding the occurrence of a failure that might decrease the service life of the equipment.
Using the DDA (Discrete Dipole Approximation) Method in Determining the Extinction Cross Section of Black Carbon
Authors: Skorupski Krzysztof 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBC (Black Carbon), which can be found in the atmosphere, is characterized by a large value of the imaginary part of the complex refractive index and, therefore, might have an impact on the global warming effect. To study the interaction of BC with light often computer simulations are used. One of the methods, which are capable of performing light scattering simulations by any shape, is DDA (Discrete Dipole Approximation). In this work its accuracy was estimated in respect to BC structures using the latest stable version of the ADDA (vr. 1.2) algorithm. As the reference algorithm the GMM (Generalized Multiparticle Mie-Solution) code was used. The study shows that the number of volume elements (dipoles) is the main parameter that defines the quality of results. However, they can be improved by a proper polarizability expression. The most accurate, and least time consuming, simulations were observed for IGT_SO. When an aggregate consists of particles composed of ca. 750 volume elements (dipoles), the averaged relative extinction error should not exceed ca. 4.5%.
Activated Sludge Systems as Diferential Equations: A Fresh View on the Classical Models for Wastewater Treatment Plants
Authors: Olosutean Horea , Oprean Letiţia 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Present in the theory and practice of wastewater treatment for over 50 years in consistent numbers, activated sludge models are widely used by plant operators. The early stage models, based on differential equations were synthetized and reinterpreted, presenting new insides that can help to a better understanding of the processes involved in the wastewater treatment. A consistent symbology is presented, for a much homogenous perspective, and the obvious similarities between several equations from the models are pointed out. The incomplete information from the models is emphasized, showing their amount of providing supplementary data for plant operators and researchers in the field, as well as the causes leading to their drawbacks and the effects derived from these drawbacks.
3D Hole Inspection Using Lens with High Field Curvature
Authors: Zavyalov Petr 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
One of the actual 3D measurement problems is the optical inspection of various holes. In this respect, the task of plane image formation of holes as extended 3D objects using optical methods turns out to be of primary importance. We have developed specialized lenses that perform such transformations due to specially increased aberrations (field curvature, astigmatism) for the formation of extended objects plane images. The calculations of the lens parameters are presented. The detail analysis of the imaging properties was carried out. The presented hole inspection lens has been designed, constructed and used for inspection of the fuel assembly spacer grids.
Transport characteristics of focused beam deposited nanostructures
Authors: Ballestar Ana , Esquinazi Pablo 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWe review the transport properties of different nanostructures produced by ion- and electron-beam deposition, as prepared as well as after certain treatments. In general, the available literature indicates that the transport properties are determined by conduction processes typical for disordered metallic grains embedded in a carbon-rich matrix, including intergrain tunneling and variable range hopping mechanisms. Special emphasis is given to the superconducting behavior found in certain Tungsten-Carbide nanostructures that, in a certain field and temperature range, is compatible with that of granular superconductivity. This granular superconductivity leads to phenomena like magnetic field oscillations as well as anomalous hysteresis loops in the magnetoresistance.
On the SERS depolarization ratio
Authors: Foti Antonino , D’Andrea Cristiano , Messina Elena , Irrera Alessia , Maragò Onofrio M. , Fazio Barbara , Gucciardi Pietro G. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe Raman depolarization ratio is a quantity
that can be easily measured experimentally and offers
unique information on the Raman polarizability tensor
of molecular vibrations. In Surface Enhanced Raman
Scattering (SERS), molecules are near-field coupled with
optical nanoantennas and their scattering properties
are strongly affected by the radiation patterns of the
nanoantenna. The polarization of the SERS photons is
consequently modified, affecting, in a non trivial way, the
measured value of the SERS depolarization ratio. In this
article we elaborate a model that describes how the SERS
depolarization ratio is influenced by the nanoantenna
re-radiation properties, suggesting how to retrieve
information on the Raman polarizability from SERS
experiments.
Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities of Cereals and their Malts
Authors: Ondrejovič Miroslav , Chmelová Daniela , Ivanišová Eva , Dráb Štefan , Psota Vratislav 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the influence of malting on the antioxidant content in cereals such as wheat (PS Sunanka, Zaira, PS 57/11 and Vanda), oat (Dunajec) and barley (Laudis 550) harvested in 2013. Antioxidant and polyphenol contents of these cereals and malts were investigated. Secondary, technological parameters of prepared malts were evaluated and compared with malt from barley Laudis 550 used as reference material. Malting of selected cereals had an impact on antioxidant and polyphenol content and allowed a better extraction of these compounds from cereal matrix, except of barley malt, whose antioxidant and total polyphenol content remained comparable. For other cereal malts, antioxidant contents were 2.0, 1.8, 2.6, 2.9 and 3.2-fold higher and total polyphenol content were 1.8, 1.9, 1.9, 3.1 and 3.4-fold higher than in wheat (PS Sunanka, Zaira, PS 57/11, Vanda) and oat (Dunajec), respectively. From correlation analysis, the results showed that not all polyphenols released by malting have antioxidant activity. Technological parameters (friability, haze of wort, saccharification rate, filtration rate, extract and diastatic power) also indicated that good malt quality had oat Dunajec and wheat PS Sunanka and Zaira in comparison with reference material (barley Laudis 550).
Suction controlled triaxial testing of unsaturated medium sand and sandy clay
Authors: Skutnik Zdzisław , Biliniak Marcin 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Suction controlled triaxial testing of unsaturated medium sand and sandy clay. This paper presents the results of the triaxial tests performed on medium sand and sandy clay samples. The shear strength and deformation characteristics from consolidated drained (CD) tests performed in a controlled saturation state were determined. The study was conducted in a modern apparatus for triaxial testing of unsaturated samples. Test specimens with a diameter of 70 mm and height of 140 mm were prepared by compaction in a laboratory in a special form. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of matric suction on the shear strength and deformation characteristic of medium sand and sandy clay. The axis translation technique was used to apply matric suction to soil specimens.
Inspection Program Development for an Aircraft Fleet and an Airline on the Basis of the Acceptance Fatigue Test Result
Authors: Paramonov Yuri , Tretyakov Sergey , Hauka Maris 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
An inspection interval planning is considered in order to limit the probability of any fatigue failure (FFP) in a fleet of N aircraft (AC) and to provide an economical effectiveness of airline (AL) under the limitation of fatigue failure rate (FFR). A solution of these two problems is based on the processing of the result of acceptance fatigue test of a new type of aircraft. During this test an estimate of the parameter ϴ, of a fatigue crack growth trajectory has been obtained. If the result of this acceptance test is too bad then this new type of aircraft will not be used in service. A redesign of this project should be done. If the result the acceptance test is pretty good then the reliability of the aircraft fleet and the airline will be provided without inspections. For this strategy there is a maximum of FFP (a maximum of FFR) as a function of an unknown parameter ᶿ. This maximum can be limited by the use of the offered here procedure of the choice of the inspection number. The economic effectiveness of the AL operation is considered using the theory of Markov process with rewords.
Application of EPC Standards and Mobile Networks Services to Enhance the Quality of Postal Service
Authors: Vaculik Juraj , Tengler Jiři , Maslák Ondrej 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This article deals with new technologies and methods to optimize the transport and delivery of postal mails. Introduction of this article defines the technologies and procedures that postal operators have started to use. The main part of the article describes specific implemented solutions of several postal operators and their benefits. The last part shows using of EPC standards in a processes chain. The conclusion of the article is devoted to the evaluation of these technologies and their potential in the area of postal sector.
Development of the Model of Decision Support for Alternative Choice in the Transportation Transit System
Authors: Kabashkin Igor , Lučina Jelena 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The decision support system is one of the instruments for choosing the most effective decision for cargo owner in constant fluctuated business environment. The objective of this Paper is to suggest the multiple-criteria approach for evaluation and choice the alternatives of cargo transportation in the large scale transportation transit system for the decision makers - cargo owners. The large scale transportation transit system is presented by directed finite graph. Each of 57 alternatives is represented by the set of key performance indicators Kvi and set of parameters Paj. There has been developed a two-level hierarchy system of criteria with ranging expert evaluations based on Analytic Hierarchy Process Method. The best alternatives were suggested according to this method.