bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An adaptive deadline constrained energy‐efficient scheduling heuristic for workflows in clouds
Authors: Zheng Wei , Huang Shouhui 
Published: August 2015

SummaryThere is an increasing interest for cloud services to be provided in a more energy‐efficient way. The growing deployment of large‐scale, complex workflow applications onto cloud computing hosts are facing with crucial challenges in reducing the energy consumption without violating certain quality of service. Dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) is a power management technique commonly used to lower the processor frequency and decrease the energy consumption in modern computing systems. However, as lowering processor frequency may result in increased idle time on processors, which may in turn lead to increased overall energy consumption, scaling the processor frequency as low as possible may not always be energy‐efficient. In this paper, we consider cloud hosts with the DVFS technique and focus on the problem of scaling frequency to reduce overall energy consumption of a workflow given an allocation of tasks to hosts and a deadline to complete the execution. We propose a novel scheduling heuristic, which takes the system and application characteristics and the overall energy consumption into account when making frequency scaling decision. The proposed heuristic is evaluated using simulation with four different real‐world applications. The observed results indicate that our heuristic can achieve significant energy saving and outperform the existing approaches. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Network‐aware optimization of communications for parallel matrix multiplication on hierarchical HPC platforms
Authors: Malik Tania , Rychkov Vladimir , Lastovetsky Alexey 
Published: August 2015

SummaryCommunications on hierarchical heterogeneous high‐performance computing platforms can be optimized based on topology and performance information. For MPI, as a major programming tool for such platforms, a number of topology‐aware and performance‐aware implementations of collective operations have been proposed for optimal scheduling of messages. This approach improves performance of application and does not require to modify application source code. However, it is applicable to collective operations only and does not affect the parts of the application that are based on point‐to‐point exchanges. In this paper, we address the problem of efficient execution of data‐parallel applications on interconnected clusters and present optimizations that improve data partition by taking into account the entire communication flow of the application. This approach is also non‐intrusive to the source code but application specific. For illustration, we use parallel matrix multiplication, where the matrices are partitioned into irregular two‐dimensional rectangles assigned to different processors and arranged in columns, and the processors communicate over this partition vertically and horizontally. By rearranging the rectangles, we can minimize communications between different levels of the network hierarchy. Finding the optimal arrangement is NP‐complete; therefore, we propose two heuristic approaches based on evaluation of the communication flow on the given network topology. We demonstrate the correctness and efficiency of the proposed approaches by experimental results on multicore nodes and interconnected heterogeneous clusters. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biosilica‐Entrapped Enzymes Studied by Using Dynamic Nuclear‐Polarization‐Enhanced High‐Field NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Ravera Enrico , Michaelis Vladimir K. , Ong Ta‐Chung , Keeler Eric G. , Martelli Tommaso , Fragai Marco , Griffin Robert G. , Luchinat Claudio 
Published: August 2015

AbstractEnzymes are used as environmentally friendly catalysts in many industrial applications, and are frequently immobilized in a matrix to improve their chemical stability for long‐term storage and reusability. Recently, it was shown that an atomic‐level description of proteins immobilized in a biosilica matrix can be attained by examining their magic‐angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectra. However, even though MAS NMR is an excellent tool for determining structure, it is severely hampered by sensitivity. In this work we provide the proof of principle that NMR characterization of biosilica‐entrapped enzymes could be assisted by high‐field dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP).
Ferric Ammonium Citrate – What's in It?
Authors: Tenne Dana , Bogoslavsky Benny , Bino Avi 
Published: August 2015

AbstractFerric ammonium citrate (FAC) is administered to humans in drugs or food supplements, but its exact composition and structural features are not known. We report that the major component in commercial FAC‐brown and FAC‐green is a trinuclear ferric citrate complex, namely [Fe3(cit)4H]6– (1). Complex 1 comprises a dinuclear subunit in which two ferric ions with a 3.122(1) Å separation are bridged by two alkoxido oxygen atoms from two citrate ligands. Two other alkoxido oxygen atoms form a bridge to a third ferric ion completing an Fe3O4 inner core. The compound [Cr(urea)6]2·1·14.5H2O exhibits paramagnetic behavior that corresponds to three magnetically independent high‐spin (HS) d5 and two d3 centers. In addition to complex 1, FAC‐green also contains a dinuclear ferric citrate complex, namely [Fe2(Hcit)3]3–, in an approximate ratio of 1:1.
Cadmium potentiates toxicity of cypermethrin in zebrafish
Authors: Yang Ye , Ye Xiaoqing , He Buyuan , Liu Jing 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Co-occurrence of pesticides such as synthetic pyrethroids and metals in aquatic ecosystems raises concerns over their combined ecological effects. Cypermethrin, 1 of the top 5 synthetic pyrethroids in use, has been extensively detected in surface water. Cadmium (Cd) has been recognized as 1 of the most toxic metals and is a common contaminant in the aquatic system. However, little information is available regarding their joint toxicity. In the present study, combined toxicity of cypermethrin and Cd and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. Zebrafish embryos and adults were exposed to the individual contaminant or binary mixtures. Co-exposure to cypermethrin and Cd produced synergistic effects on the occurrence of crooked body, pericardial edema, and noninflation of swim bladder. The addition of Cd significantly potentiated cypermethrin-induced spasms and caused more oxidative stress in zebrafish larvae. Cypermethrin-mediated induction of transcription levels and catalytic activities of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme were significantly down-regulated by Cd in both zebrafish larvae and adults. Chemical analytical data showed that in vitro elimination of cypermethrin by CYP1A1 was inhibited by Cd. The addition of Cd caused an elevation of in vivo cypermethrin residue levels in the mixture-exposed adult zebrafish. These results suggest that the enhanced toxicity of cypermethrin in the presence of Cd results from the inhibitory effects of Cd on CYP-mediated biotransformation of this pesticide. The authors' findings provide a deeper understanding of the mechanistic basis accounting for the joint toxicity of cypermethrin and Cd. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:435–445. © 2015 SETAC
Enzyme induction and histopathology elucidate aryl hydrocarbon receptor–mediated versus non–aryl hydrocarbon receptor–mediated effects of Aroclor 1268 in American mink (Neovison vison)
Authors: Folland William R. , Newsted John L. , Fitzgerald Scott D. , Fuchsman Phyllis C. , Bradley Patrick W. , Kern John , Kannan Kurunthachalam , Zwiernik Matthew J. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations reported in preferred prey and blubber of bottlenose dolphins from the Turtle-Brunswick River estuary (Georgia, USA) suggest the potential for adverse effects. However, PCBs in Turtle-Brunswick River estuary dolphins are primarily derived from Aroclor 1268, and predicting toxic effects of Aroclor 1268 is uncertain because of the mixture's unique composition and associated physiochemical characteristics. These differences suggest that toxicity benchmarks for other PCB mixtures may not be relevant to dolphins exposed to Aroclor 1268. American mink (Neovison vison) were used as a surrogate model for cetaceans to characterize mechanisms of action associated with Aroclor 1268 exposure. Mink share similarities in phylogeny and life history with cetaceans and are characteristically sensitive to PCBs, making them an attractive surrogate species for marine mammals in ecotoxicity studies. Adult female mink and a subsequent F1 generation were exposed to Aroclor 1268 through diet, and effects on enzyme induction, histopathology, thyroid hormone regulation, hematology, organ weights, and body condition index were compared to a negative control and a 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126)–positive control. Aroclor 1268 dietary exposure concentrations ranged from 1.8 µg/g wet weight to 29 µg/g wet weight. Anemia, hypothyroidism, and hepatomegaly were observed in mink exposed to Aroclor 1268 beyond various dietary thresholds. Cytochrome P450 induction and squamous epithelial proliferation jaw lesions were low in Aroclor 1268 treatments relative to the positive control. Differences in enzyme induction and the development of squamous epithelial proliferation jaw lesions between Aroclor 1268 treatments and the positive control, coupled with effects observed in Aroclor 1268 treatments not observed in the positive control, indicate that mechanisms additional to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor–mediated pathway are associated with Aroclor 1268 exposure. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:619–634. © 2015 SETAC
Acute toxicity of binary-metal mixtures of copper, zinc, and nickel to Pimephales promelas: Evidence of more-than-additive effect
Authors: Lynch Natalie R. , Hoang Tham C. , O'Brien Timothy E. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Metal mixture toxicity has been studied for decades. However, the results are not consistent, and thus ecological risk assessment and regulation of mixtures has been difficult. The objective of the present study was to use a systematic experimental design to characterize the toxicity of binary-metal mixture of Cu, Zn, and Ni to Pimephales promelas, typically to determine whether the effect of these binary-metal mixtures on P. promelas is more-than-additive. Standard 96-h toxicity tests were conducted with larval P. promelas based on US Environmental and Protection Agency methods to determine metal mixture effects. All experiments were conducted in synthetic moderately hard water with no addition of dissolved organic matter. Three different effect analysis approaches, the MixTox model, the Finney model, and the toxic unit method, were used for comparison. The results indicate that the toxicity of Cu+Zn, Cu+Ni, and Zn+Ni mixtures to P. promelas was more-than-additive. Among the 3 mixtures, the effect of the Cu+Ni mixture was the most profound. The results of the present study are useful for applications to models such as the metal mixture biotic ligand model. More research should be conducted to determine the mechanisms of acute and chronic toxicity of metal mixtures. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:446–457. © 2015 SETAC
Forecasting Longevity Gains Using a Seemingly Unrelated Time Series Model
Authors: Neves César , Fernandes Cristiano , Veiga Álvaro 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIn this paper a multivariate time series model using the seemingly unrelated time series equation (SUTSE) framework is proposed to forecast longevity gains. The proposed model is represented in state space form and uses Kalman filtering to estimate the unobservable components and fixed parameters. We apply the model both to male mortality rates in Portugal and the USA. Our results compare favorably, in terms of mean absolute percentage error, in‐sample and out‐of‐sample, to those obtained by the Lee–Carter method and some of its extensions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
One‐Pot ‘On‐solvent’ Multicomponent Protocol for the Synthesis of Medicinally Relevant 4H‐Pyrano[3,2‐c]quinoline Scaffold
Authors: Vereshchagin Anatoly N. , Elinson Michail N. , Nasybullin Ruslan F. , Ryzhkov Fedor V. , Bobrovsky Sergey I. , Bushmarinov Ivan S. , Egorov Mikhail P. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract‘One‐pot’ AcONa‐catalyzed transformation of salicylaldehydes, malononitrile and 4‐hydroxy‐1‐methylquinolin‐2(1H)‐one in the presence of a minimal quantity of EtOH results in fast (3 min) and efficient formation of unknown 2‐amino‐4‐(2‐hydroxyaryl)‐6‐methyl‐5‐oxo‐5,6‐dihydro‐4H‐pyrano[3,2‐c]quinoline‐3‐carbonitriles in 85–98% yields, which are potential pharmaceutical agents for treating disorders responsive to the induction of apoptosis, antiproliferation, or vascular disruption. This efficient ‘on‐solvent’ approach to the 4H‐pyrano[3,2‐c]quinoline scaffold represents a novel synthetic concept for multicomponent reaction (MCR) strategy and allows to combine the synthetic virtues of conventional MCR with ecological benefits and convenience of facile ‘on‐solvent’ procedure.
Isolation and Characterization of Secondary Metabolites from Rhododendron microphyton
Authors: Zhu Ya‐Zhu , Li Yan‐Hong , Liu Dan , Gao Ling‐Huan , Li Hong‐Mei , Li Rong‐Tao 
Published: August 2015

AbstractFour new iridoids, incarvoids D–F (1–3, resp.) and incarvoid B 9‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (4), and one new monoterpenoid, argutoid B (5), along with 14 known compounds, were isolated from Rhododendron microphyton. Their structures were established by comprehensive 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectroscopic analysis.
Chemical Constituents of the Endophytic Fungus Hypoxylon sp. 12F0687 Isolated from Taiwanese Ilex formosana
Authors: Chen Yi‐Shuan , Cheng Ming‐Jen , Hsiao Yi , Chan Hing‐Yuen , Hsieh Sung‐Yuan , Chang Chun‐Wei , Liu Ta‐Wei , Chang Hsun‐Shuo , Chen Ih‐Sheng 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBioassay‐guided fractionation of an AcOEt‐soluble fraction of the liquid fermentation of an endophytic fungus Hypoxylon sp. BCRC 12F0687 associated with the root of Taiwanese Ilex formosana (Aquifoliaceae) resulted in the isolation of two new compounds, i.e., one benzenoid, hypoxyphenone (1), and one azaphilone derivative, hypoillexidiol (2), two metabolites isolated for the first time from natural source, (−)‐(3S)‐3‐hydroxy‐3‐methyloxindole (3) and (+)‐vermelone (4), along with twelve previously identified compounds, 5–16. Their structures were determined through in‐depth spectroscopic and mass‐spectrometric analyses. The effects of some isolates on the inhibition of NO and IL‐6 production in lipopolysaccharide‐activated RAW 264.7 murine macrophages were evaluated. Of the isolates, 2 and 3 exhibited potent anti‐NO production activity, with IC50 values of 17.5±1.8 and 24.7±1.6 μM, respectively, compared to that of quercetin, an iNOS inhibitor with an IC50 value of 35.9±1.7 μM. Compounds 2, 4, 5, and 12 also showed moderate inhibition of IL‐6 production, with IC50 values ranging from 27.2±1.8 to 35.3±5.8 μM. This is the first report on an oxindole metabolite from the genus Hypoxylon.
Optical detection of glucose and glycated hemoglobin using etched fiber Bragg gratings coated with functionalized reduced graphene oxide
Authors: Sridevi S. , Vasu K. S. , Sampath S. , Asokan S. , Sood A. K. 
Published: August 2015

An enhanced optical detection of D‐glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) has been established in this study using etched fiber Bragg gratings (eFBG) coated with aminophenylboronic acid (APBA)‐functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO). The read out, namely the shift in Bragg wavelength (ΔλB) is highly sensitive to changes that occur due to the adsorption of glucose (or HbA1c) molecules on the eFBG sensor coated with APBA–RGO complex through a five‐membered cyclic ester bond formation between glucose and APBA molecules. A limit of detection of 1 nM is achieved with a linear range of detection from 1 nM to 10 mM in the case of D‐glucose detection experiments. For HbA1c, a linear range of detection varying from 86 nM to 0.23 mM is achieved. The observation of only 4 pm (picometer) change in ΔλB even for the 10 mM lactose solution confirms the specificity of the APBA–RGO complex coated eFBG sensors to glucose molecules.
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Assessment of collagen crosslinking and denaturation for the design of regenerative scaffolds
Authors: Madaghiele Marta , Calò Emanuela , Salvatore Luca , Bonfrate Valentina , Pedone Deborah , Frigione Mariaenrica , Sannino Alessandro 
Published: August 2015

AbstractCrosslinking and denaturation were two variables that deeply affected the performance of collagen‐based scaffolds designed for tissue regeneration. If crosslinking enhances the mechanical properties and the enzymatic resistance of collagen, while masking or reducing the available cell binding sites, denaturation has very opposite effects, as it impairs the mechanical and the enzymatic stability of collagen, but increases the number of exposed cell adhesive domains. The quantification of both crosslinking and denaturation was thus fundamental to the design of collagen‐based scaffolds for selected applications. The aim of this work was to investigate the extents of crosslinking and denaturation of collagen‐based films upon dehydrothermal (DHT) treatment, that is, one of the most commonly employed methods for zero‐length crosslinking that shows the unique ability to induce partial denaturation. Swelling measurements, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, colorimetric assays for the quantification of primary amines, and mechanical tests were performed to analyze the effect of the DHT temperature on crosslinking and denaturation. In particular, chemically effective and elastically effective crosslink densities were evaluated. Both crosslinking and denaturation were found to increase with the DHT temperature, although according to different trends. The results also showed that DHT treatments performed at temperatures up to 120°C maintained the extent of denaturation under 25%. Coupling a mild DHT treatment with further crosslinking may thus be very useful not only to modulate the crosslink density, but also to induce a limited amount of denaturation, which shows potential to partially compensate the loss of cell binding sites caused by crosslinking. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 186–194, 2016.
The continental record of Marine Isotope Stage 11 (Middle Pleistocene) on the Iberian Peninsula characterized by herpetofaunal assemblages
Authors: Blain Hugues‐Alexandre , Lozano‐Fernández Iván , Ollé Andreu , Rodríguez Jesus , Santonja Manuel , Pérez‐González Alfredo 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTMarine Isotope Stage (MIS) 11 in Iberia is documented at three main Acheulean archaeological sites: Gran Dolina (Burgos, Atapuerca), Áridos‐1 (Madrid) and Ambrona (Soria). As the amphibians and reptiles recovered as fossils from these sites are not extinct and their ecology can be directly studied, mutual climatic range and habitat weighting methods have been applied to the herpetofaunal assemblages to estimate climatic and environmental parameters during MIS 11. Compared with today, mean annual temperature varies from +2.7 to +0.3 °C and mean annual precipitation varies from +311.7 to +74.4 mm, suggesting, in accordance with the numerical dates for each locality, a progressive decrease in temperature and rainfall from the fully interglacial conditions of MIS 11c to the end of MIS 11. The presence of woodland areas is also well substantiated throughout the duration of MIS 11, at least during the interglacial and interstadial periods.
Elicitation effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast extract on main health‐promoting compounds and antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory potential of butter lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)
Authors: Złotek Urszula , Świeca Michał 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis paper presents a study on changes in the main phytochemical levels and antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activity of lettuce caused by different doses and times of application of yeast extracts.RESULTSElicitation with yeast extract caused an increase in the total phenolic compounds and chlorophyll content, which varied according to the dose and time of spraying, but it did not have a positive impact on vitamin C, flavonoid and carotenoid content in lettuce. The best effect was achieved by double spraying with 1% yeast extract and by single spraying with 0.1% yeast extract. The increase in phytochemical content was positively correlated with the antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activity of the studied lettuce leaves. Chicoric acid seems to be the major contributor to these antioxidant activities.CONCLUSIONYeast extract may be used as a natural, environmentally friendly and safe elicitor for improving the health‐promoting qualities of lettuce. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Improved disease‐free survival and overall survival after fluorescence‐guided surgery of liver metastasis in an orthotopic nude mouse model
Authors: Murakami Takashi , Hiroshima Yukihiko , Zhang Yong , Bouvet Michael , Chishima Takashi , Tanaka Kuniya , Endo Itaru , Hoffman Robert M. 
Published: August 2015

BackgroundIn the present study, we sought to determine if fluorescence‐guided surgery (FGS) would improve survival compared to standard bright light surgery (BLS) in an experimental colorectal liver metastasis nude mouse model.MethodsOrthotopic nude‐mouse models of human HT‐29‐GFP colon cancer liver metastasis were established in the left lobe of the liver of mice. Fourteen mice with a single liver metastasis were randomized into FGS or BLS groups of seven each. FGS of liver metastasis was performed using a hand‐held portable fluorescence imaging system (Dino‐Lite) to visualize the GFP fluorescence of the metastasis. The BLS‐ and FGS‐treated mice were followed by weekly fluorescence imaging in order to detect recurrence.ResultsThe bright fluorescence of GFP provided sufficient illumination to accurately distinguish the margins of the metastasis within the liver. Recurrence occurred in multiple sites including the liver, lung, and other organs in the BLS‐treated mice but was significantly reduced in FGS‐treated mice. The FGS‐treated mice had significantly prolonged disease‐free survival (P = 0.001) and overall survival (P = 0.027) compared to BLS‐treated mice.ConclusionThe results of the present report demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of FGS for liver metastasis and suggest its important clinical potential. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:119–124. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Endonasal identification of the orbital apex
Authors: Tepedino Miguel S. , Pinheiro‐Neto Carlos D. , Bezerra Thiago F. P. , Gardner Paul A. , Snyderman Carl H. , Voegels Richard L. 
Published: August 2015

Objectives/HypothesisTo describe anatomical landmarks for endoscopic endonasal approaches to the orbital apex and to measure the distances between those landmarks.MethodsIn this anatomic study, the nasal fossae of 30 adult fresh cadavers were dissected (n = 60 half‐skulls). One double‐injected orbit was carefully dissected, mainly focusing on the neurovascular structures. The orbital apex was dissected under endoscopic endonasal visualization in all cases. The distances between the ethmoidal crest and choanal arch to the optic canal (OC) and superior orbital fissure (SOF) were measured and recorded.ResultsThe sample was predominantly male (63.3%, 19/30 cadavers). The following correlations between measurements according to side were observed: ethmoidal crest to OC, r = 0.748 (P = 0.0001); ethmoidal crest to SOF, r = 0.785 (P = 0.0001); choanal arch to OC, r = 0.835 (P = 0.0001); choanal arch to SOF, r = 0.820 (P = 0.0001).ConclusionsIn the cadavers studied in this sample, the ethmoidal crest and choanal arch were relevant structures and exhibited consistent measurements. Spearman correlation coefficients were greater than 0.7, which is indicative of good correlation between measurements obtained in the skull halves of each cadaver. Comparison of the measurements obtained in different sides showed similar values, with no statistically significant differences in the distances between any of the proposed anatomic landmarks.Level of EvidenceN/A. Laryngoscope, 126:33–38, 2016