bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RAS mutations affect pattern of metastatic spread and increase propensity for brain metastasis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yaeger Rona , Cowell Elizabeth , Chou Joanne F. , Gewirtz Alexandra N. , Borsu Laetitia , Vakiani Efsevia , Solit David B. , Rosen Neal , Capanu Marinela , Ladanyi Marc , Kemeny Nancy 
Published: December 2014

BACKGROUNDRAS and PIK3CA mutations in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) have been associated with worse survival. We sought to evaluate the impact of RAS and PIK3CA mutations on cumulative incidence of metastasis to potentially curable sites of liver and lung and other sites such as bone and brain.METHODSWe performed a computerized search of the electronic medical record of our institution for mCRC cases genotyped for RAS or PIK3CA mutations from 2008 to 2012. Cases were reviewed for patient characteristics, survival, and site‐specific metastasis.RESULTSAmong the 918 patients identified, 477 cases were RAS wild type, and 441 cases had a RAS mutation (394 at KRAS exon 2, 29 at KRAS exon 3 or 4, and 18 in NRAS). RAS mutation was significantly associated with shorter median overall survival (OS) and on multivariate analysis independently predicted worse OS (HR, 1.6; P < .01). RAS mutant mCRC exhibited a significantly higher cumulative incidence of lung, bone, and brain metastasis and on multivariate analysis was an independent predictor of involvement of these sites (HR, 1.5, 1.6, and 3.7, respectively). PIK3CA mutations occurred in 10% of the 786 cases genotyped, did not predict for worse survival, and did not exhibit a site‐specific pattern of metastatic spread.CONCLUSIONSThe metastatic potential of CRC varies with the presence of RAS mutation. RAS mutation is associated with worse OS and increased incidence of lung, bone, and brain metastasis. An understanding of this site‐specific pattern of spread may help to inform physicians' assessment of symptoms in patients with mCRC. Cancer 2015;121:1195–1203. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Dual‐Cargo Selectively Controlled Release Based on a pH‐Responsive Mesoporous Silica System
Authors: Gui Wanyuan , Wang Wenqian , Jiao Xiangyu , Chen Lifeng , Wen Yongqiang , Zhang Xueji 
Published: December 2014

AbstractA pH‐controlled delivery system based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) was constructed for dual‐cargo selective release. To achieve a better controlled‐release effect, a modified sol–gel method was employed to obtain MSNs with tunable particle and pore sizes. The systems selectively released different kinds of cargo when stimulated by different pH values. At the lower pH value (pH 2.0) only one kind of cargo was released from the MSNs, whereas at a higher pH value (pH 7.0) only the other kind of cargo was released from the MSNs. The multi‐cargo delivery system has brought the concept of selective release to new advances in the field of functional nanodevices and allows more accurate and controllable delivery of specific cargoes, which is expected to have promising applications in nanomedicine.
Entropy‐based adaptive nuclear texture features are independent prognostic markers in a total population of uterine sarcomas
Authors: Nielsen Birgitte , Hveem Tarjei Sveinsgjerd , Kildal Wanja , Abeler Vera M. , Kristensen Gunnar B. , Albregtsen Fritz , Danielsen Håvard E. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractNuclear texture analysis measures the spatial arrangement of the pixel gray levels in a digitized microscopic nuclear image and is a promising quantitative tool for prognosis of cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of entropy‐based adaptive nuclear texture features in a total population of 354 uterine sarcomas. Isolated nuclei (monolayers) were prepared from 50 µm tissue sections and stained with Feulgen‐Schiff. Local gray level entropy was measured within small windows of each nuclear image and stored in gray level entropy matrices, and two superior adaptive texture features were calculated from each matrix. The 5‐year crude survival was significantly higher (P < 0.001) for patients with high texture feature values (72%) than for patients with low feature values (36%). When combining DNA ploidy classification (diploid/nondiploid) and texture (high/low feature value), the patients could be stratified into three risk groups with 5‐year crude survival of 77, 57, and 34% (Hazard Ratios (HR) of 1, 2.3, and 4.1, P < 0.001). Entropy‐based adaptive nuclear texture was an independent prognostic marker for crude survival in multivariate analysis including relevant clinicopathological features (HR = 2.1, P = 0.001), and should therefore be considered as a potential prognostic marker in uterine sarcomas. © The Authors. Published 2014 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Genetic fingerprinting proves cross‐correlated automatic photo‐identification of individuals as highly efficient in large capture–mark–recapture studies
Authors: Drechsler Axel , Helling Tobias , Steinfartz Sebastian 
Published: December 2014

AbstractCapture–mark–recapture (CMR) approaches are the backbone of many studies in population ecology to gain insight on the life cycle, migration, habitat use, and demography of target species. The reliable and repeatable recognition of an individual throughout its lifetime is the basic requirement of a CMR study. Although invasive techniques are available to mark individuals permanently, noninvasive methods for individual recognition mainly rest on photographic identification of external body markings, which are unique at the individual level. The re‐identification of an individual based on comparing shape patterns of photographs by eye is commonly used. Automated processes for photographic re‐identification have been recently established, but their performance in large datasets (i.e., > 1000 individuals) has rarely been tested thoroughly. Here, we evaluated the performance of the program AMPHIDENT, an automatic algorithm to identify individuals on the basis of ventral spot patterns in the great crested newt (Triturus cristatus) versus the genotypic fingerprint of individuals based on highly polymorphic microsatellite loci using GENECAP. Between 2008 and 2010, we captured, sampled and photographed adult newts and calculated for 1648 samples/photographs recapture rates for both approaches. Recapture rates differed slightly with 8.34% for GENECAP and 9.83% for AMPHIDENT. With an estimated rate of 2% false rejections (FRR) and 0.00% false acceptances (FAR), AMPHIDENT proved to be a highly reliable algorithm for CMR studies of large datasets. We conclude that the application of automatic recognition software of individual photographs can be a rather powerful and reliable tool in noninvasive CMR studies for a large number of individuals. Because the cross‐correlation of standardized shape patterns is generally applicable to any pattern that provides enough information, this algorithm is capable of becoming a single application with broad use in CMR studies for many species.
Slow Magnetic Relaxation in Mononuclear Octahedral Manganese(III) Complexes with Dibenzoylmethanide Ligands
Authors: Chen Lei , Wang Jing , Liu Yuan‐Zhong , Song You , Chen Xue‐Tai , Zhang Yi‐Quan , Xue Zi‐Ling 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe structural characterization and magnetic studies of three mononuclear MnIII complexes based on the dibenzoylmethanido (dbm–) ligand, Mn(dbm)3 (1) and [Mn(dbm)2(L)2](ClO4) (L = dimethyl sulfoxide, 2; L = pyridine, 3), are reported. The MnIII ions are in an axially elongated octahedral coordination geometry. The axial zero‐field‐splitting parameters D, ranging from –3.42 to –4.52 cm–1 for the three complexes, were obtained by fitting magnetic‐susceptibility and magnetization data. Ab initio calculations also show the axial magnetic anisotropy in the molecules of 1–3. With an applied dc field, the ac susceptibility measurements reveal slow magnetic relaxation in 1–3. The possible relationship between the structures and the magnetic properties in these complexes are discussed.
Olive oils from Campos de Hellin (Spain) exhibit significant varietal differences in fatty acid composition, sterol fraction, and oxidative stability
Authors: Sena‐Moreno Estela , Alvarez‐Ortí Manuel , Zied Diego C. , Pardo‐Giménez Arturo , Pardo Jose E. 
Published: December 2014

The Spanish region of Campos de Hellin (Albacete) is characterized by a wide range of olive varieties (Arbequina, Benizal, Cornicabra, Cuquillo, Injerta, Manzanilla Local, Manzanilla de Sevilla, Negrilla, Picual), which provides different physicochemical and sensory characteristics to the oils. Thus, the knowledge of these characteristics may help develop more balanced oils. Monovarietal virgin olive oils from the different varieties grown in this area were characterized from the physicochemical and sensory points of view during four consecutive years. Clear differences among the varieties were found when principal component analysis was applied to the data from the studied parameters. The varieties were grouped according to their oleic and linoleic acid content, oxidative stability, and campesterol and total sterols content. The differences were significant with a 95% confidence level. The variety effect on the oil characteristics was stronger than the effect of the crop year.Practical applications: Chemical and sensory characteristics of monovarietal virgin olive oils play an important role in the elaboration of blends. In olive‐growing regions where there is more than one variety cultivated, the characterization of monovarietal oils could increase the value of the olive oil produced due to the development of more balanced oils tailored to the preferences of consumers. This work shows that the chemical and sensory differences between varieties make possible the elaboration of a new range of virgin olive oils. This could encourage the development and marketing of quality oils, and thus increase the competitiveness of the mills in the oil market.The Spanish region of Campos de Hellin (Albacete) is characterized by a wide range of olive varieties (Arbequina, Benizal, Cornicabra, Cuquillo, Injerta, Manzanilla Local, Manzanilla de Sevilla, Negrilla, Picual). Principal component analysis based on physicochemical parameters of the oil allowed the establishment of differences among these varieties. These differences are mainly related to the content of oleic/linoleic acid, campesterol, and total sterols.
Total Synthesis of Sulfated Glycosphingolipid SM1a, a Kind of Human Epithelial Carcinoma Antigen
Authors: Zhang Pengtao , Wang Kun , Zhang Jun , Li Chunxia , Guan Huashi 
Published: December 2014

AbstractA highly efficient and practical total synthesis of the sulfated ganglioside SM1a, a kind of human epithelial carcinoma antigen identified in mammalian kidney, has been accomplished for the first time. The characteristic sequence of SM1a, β‐D‐Galp‐(1→3)‐β‐D‐NHAcGalp‐(1→4)‐β‐D‐(3‐O‐sulfate)‐Galp‐(1→4)‐β‐D‐Glcp‐ceramide was assembled by a [3+2] convergent approach. A key trisaccharide building block was formed from a new galactose acceptor 7 containing a potential sulfated site, GalNHTroc donor 6, and galactose donor 4. The cyclic glucosyl ceramide was glycosylated with trisaccharide trichloroacetimidate 2 to give the protected ganglioside backbone in good yield. Selective sulfonation at the 3‐OH of the Gal residue followed by global deprotection gave the target molecule SM1a.
Synthesis of Bromo‐Substituted 4‐Hydroxy[2.2]paracyclophanes and [2.2]Paracyclophane‐4,7‐quinones as Versatile Chiral Building Blocks
Authors: Atman (Vorontsova) Natalia V. , Zhuravsky Roman P. , Antonov Dmitrii Yu. , Sergeeva Elena V. , Godovikov Ivan A. , Starikova Zoya A. , Vologzhanina Anna V. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractApproaches to a number of bromo‐substituted derivatives of 4‐hydroxy[2.2]paracyclophane, including the regioselective mono‐ and dibromination of this phenol, were investigated. The applicability of the regioisomeric monobromo‐substituted phenols for the synthesis of substituted [2.2]paracyclophane‐4,7‐quinones through a one‐pot diazonium coupling/reduction/oxidation sequence was demonstrated. The compounds obtained possess various substitution patterns and could be used for the synthesis of a wide range of [2.2]paracyclophane derivatives by transformation of the bromine, hydroxy, and quinoid fragments.
Photocatalytic α‐Oxyamination of Stable Enolates, Silyl Enol Ethers, and 2‐Oxoalkane Phosphonic Esters
Authors: Schroll Peter , König Burkhard 
Published: December 2014

AbstractFast α‐oxyamination of stable enolates, silyl enol ethers, and in situ deprotonated dialkyl 2‐oxoalkane phosphonates and diphenyl‐2‐oxoalkyl phosphine oxides was performed in the presence of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ (bpy = 2,2′‐bipyridyl) as a photocatalyst, 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine nitroxide (TEMPO), and visible light. The key step was the light‐induced one‐electron oxidation of TEMPO into the 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxoammonium ion, which was nucleophilically attacked to yield α‐functionalized carbonyl compounds. The reaction time was significantly reduced by the use of the microreactor flow technique.
Descending mechanisms activated by the anterior pretectal nucleus initiate but do not maintain neuropathic pain in rats
Authors: Rossaneis A.C. , Genaro K. , Dias Q.M. , Guethe L.M. , Fais R.S. , Del Bel E.A. , Prado W.A. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe anterior pretectal nucleus (APtN) activates descending mechanisms of pain control. This study evaluated whether the APtN also controls neuropathic pain in rats.MethodsThe hypersensitivity to mechanical stimulation with an electronic von Frey apparatus and the number of Fos‐immunoreactive (Fos‐ir) neurons in the APtN were evaluated in rats before and after chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve.ResultsThe tactile hypersensitivity was characterized by an initial phase (the 2 days following the injury) and a maintenance phase (the subsequent 7 days). The injection of 2% lidocaine (0.25 μL) or N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (2.5 μg/0.25 μL) into the APtN intensified the tactile hypersensitivity observed 2 days after injury but did not alter the tactile hypersensitivity observed 7 and 14 days after injury. The injection of naloxone (10 ng/0.25 μL) or methysergide (40 pg/0.25 μL) but not atropine (100 ng/0.25 μL) into the APtN also intensified the tactile hypersensitivity observed 2 days after the injury. A significant increase in the number of Fos‐ir cells was found in the contralateral APtN 2 days but not 7 or 14 days after the injury. Electrical stimulation of the APtN reduced the tactile hypersensitivity at 2, 7 and 14 days after the nerve ligation.ConclusionAPtN exerts a tonic inhibitory influence on persistent pain. The results point out to an important role of opioid and serotonergic mediation into the APtN to inhibit hyperalgesia during the initial phase of neuropathic pain.
High prevalence of incidental brain findings in primary dysmenorrhoea
Authors: Li W.C. , Tu C.H. , Chao H.T. , Yeh T.C. , Chen L.F. , Hsieh J.C. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackgroundPrimary dysmenorrhoea (PDM) is inexorably common. PDM women suffer from cramping pain in the lower abdomen that starts with menstruation and lasts for 24–72 h. Up to 90% of adolescent girls and more than 50% of menstruating women worldwide report suffering from it. Ten to 20% of PDM women describe their suffering as severe and distressing. However, nothing is known regarding the association of PDM with possible brain anomalies or abnormalities.MethodsHigh‐resolution T1‐weighted anatomical brain magnetic resonance images (MRI) were acquired for each subject and inspected for incidental findings (normal variants and abnormalities) as a routine procedure in our PDM‐related multimodal neuroimaging studies. Altogether, 330 right‐handed young women [otherwise healthy PDMs = 163; non‐PDM healthy controls (HCs) = 167] were enrolled during the period of 2006–2014. Binomial proportion test was performed for between‐group comparisons.ResultsPDMs demonstrated significantly higher prevalence of overall incidental brain MRI findings (PDMs: n = 18, 11.0%; HCs: n = 6, 3.6%; p = 0.005) that should be ascribed to a preponderance of normal variants (PDMs: n = 16, 9.8%; HCs: n = 3, 1.8%; p = 0.001), especially cavum septum pellucidum. No significant between‐group difference of abnormal findings was found (PDMs: n = 2, 1.2%; HCs: n = 3, 1.8%; p = 0.336).ConclusionsWe report here that otherwise healthy PDMs are associated with high prevalence of normal variants but not brain abnormalities. Our observations invite further epidemiological and neuroscientific studies.
The effect of monitoring ‘processing style’ on post‐surgical neuropathic pain in women with breast cancer
Authors: Sherman K.A. , Winch C.J. , Koukoulis A. , Koelmeyer L. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackgroundPain is a commonly reported symptom following surgery that is more likely to occur in individuals psychologically distressed prior to surgery. Monitoring processing style, a cognitive tendency to focus on health‐related threats, has been associated with increased reporting of somatic symptoms, but no studies have specifically addressed the link between this cognitive style and pain. This prospective clinical study aimed to investigate whether monitoring processing style predicted post‐surgical pain in women undergoing breast surgery, controlling for pre‐surgical psychological distress.MethodsWomen scheduled to undergo breast cancer surgery (N = 106) completed pre‐surgical assessments of monitoring processing style (Miller Behavioral Style Scale) and psychological distress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales‐21). Demographic and medical characteristics were documented. Self‐reported neuropathic pain (Neuropathic Pain Scale) was assessed at 3 months post surgery.ResultsPost‐surgical neuropathic pain levels were low to moderate (M = 19.3, SD = 21.1). Higher pre‐surgical monitoring processing style scores significantly predicted higher post‐surgical neuropathic pain (β = 0.23, p = 0.023), over and above psychological stress (β = 0.22, p = 0.020) and age (β = −0.25, p = 0.011).ConclusionsPre‐surgical monitoring processing style was an independent predictor of post‐surgical neuropathic pain, even when accounting for pre‐surgical psychological distress. Since the reduction of post‐surgical pain is a key goal of healthcare, efforts should be made prior to breast cancer surgery to counsel and support individuals with high monitoring processing styles irrespective of their level of distress.
Characterization of the Oxidative Behavior of Cyclic Nucleotides Using Electrochemistry–Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Cindric Marija , Vojs Marian , Matysik Frank‐Michael 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe oxidative behavior of cyclic nucleotides, important intracellular second messengers, was investigated. Guanosine‐3′,5′‐cyclic monophosphate, adenosine‐3′,5′‐cyclic monophosphate and cytidine‐3′,5′‐cyclic monophosphate were subjected to electrochemical oxidation at different pH using boron doped diamond (BDD) and screen‐printed carbon (SPC) electrodes. While oxidation on SPC electrodes proceeds only via direct analyteelectrode electron transfer, BDD involves in addition the action of hydroxyl radicals, formed at the electrode surface. Generated oxidation products were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LC‐MS). As an alternative electrochemically assisted injectioncapillary electrophoresismass spectrometry was used as a means for product generation and identification. The results obtained indicate that experimental conditions as well as the presence of the cyclic phosphate group influence the oxidative pathway of cyclic nucleotides. Simplicity of the experiment and the absence of complex biological matrices are the main advantages of electrochemistry over other techniques, employed for investigation of oxidative stress. Elucidation of oxidation products and reaction mechanism is an important aspect of therapeutic strategies of numerous severe diseases.
Electrochemical Experimental Study for the Characterization of Tetraferrocenyl‐Cavitand, Synthetized in Click‐Reaction
Authors: Filotás Dániel , Nagy Lívia , Skoda‐Földes Rita , Kollár László , Nagy Géza 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe electrochemical property of the new tetraferrocenyl‐cavitand molecule was investigated in dimethyl formamide solvent using conventional and micro size platinum working electrodes. Quasi reversible redox character was found with one oxidation and one reduction wave of diffusion character. No electrode fouling could be observed. Different methods were used for determination of the diffusion coefficient of this species. In part of the measurements chronoamperometric measurements with microelectrode were carried out and evaluated according to the method introduced by Aoki and Osteryoung. Amperometric measurements with microelectrodes, as well as CV‐s with conventional size electrode were also used in these studies.
Optimized sample preparation strategy for the analysis of low molecular mass adducts of a fluorescent cisplatin analogue in cancer cell lines by CE‐dual‐LIF
Authors: Zabel Robert , Kullmann Maximilian , Kalayda Ganna V. , Jaehde Ulrich , Weber Günther 
Published: December 2014

Pt‐based anticancer drugs, such as cisplatin, are known to undergo several (bio‐)chemical transformation steps after administration. Hydrolysis and adduct formation with small nucleophiles and larger proteins are their most relevant reactions on the way to the final reaction site (DNA), but there are still many open questions regarding the identity and pharmacological relevance of various proposed adducts and intermediates. Furthermore, the role of buffer components or additives, which are inevitably added to samples during any type of analytical measurement, has been frequently neglected in previous studies. Here, we report on adduct formation reactions of the fluorescent cisplatin analogue carboxyfluorescein diacetate platinum (CFDA‐Pt) in commonly used buffers and cell culture medium. Our results indicate that chelation reactions with noninnocent buffers (e.g., Tris) and components of the cell culture/cell lysis medium must be taken into account when interpreting results. Adduct formation kinetics was followed up to 60 h at nanomolar concentrations of CFDA‐Pt by using CE‐LIF. CE‐MS enabled the online identification of such unexpected adducts down to the nanomolar concentration range. By using an optimized sample preparation strategy, unwanted adducts can be avoided and several fluorescent adducts of CFDA‐Pt are detectable in sensitive and cisplatin‐resistant cancer cell lines. By processing samples rapidly after incubation, we could even identify the initial, but transient, Pt species in the cells as deacetylated CFDA‐Pt with unaltered complexing environment at Pt. Overall, the proposed procedure enables a very sensitive and accurate analysis of low molecular mass Pt species in cancer cells, involving a fast CE‐LIF detection within 5 min.