bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inositol polyphosphate multikinase is a coactivator for serum response factor-dependent induction of immediate early genes
Authors: Kim Eunha , Tyagi Richa , Lee Joo-Young , Park Jina , Kim Young-ran , Beon Jiyoon , Chen Po Yu , Cha Jiyoung Y. , Snyder Solomon H. , Kim Seyun 
Published: November 2013

Significance
The inositol polyphosphate system is a major intracellular signaling modality. Inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK) is essential for this system, converting inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) to IP4 and IP4 to IP5. IPMK also is a physiologic PI3-kinase. In a noncatalytic manner, IPMK stabilizes the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex as well as tumor suppressor protein p53 and CREB-binding protein (CBP)/E1A binding protein p300. We now demonstrate that IPMK is a transcriptional coactivator for serum response factor (SRF) signaling, which is markedly reduced in IPMK-deleted mice and augmented by IPMK overexpression. IPMK binds directly to SRF, facilitating its interaction with serum response elements of multiple immediate early genes. Agents influencing IPMK interactions with SRF may be useful in regulating the SRF signaling system.
Large-scale patterns in puerulus settlement and links to fishery recruitment in the southern rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii), across south-eastern Australia
Authors: Linnane Adrian , McGarvey Richard , Gardner Caleb , Walker Terence I. , Matthews Janet , Green Bridget , Punt André E. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Monthly monitoring of puerulus settlement across South Australia, Victoria and Tasmania has been undertaken since the early 1990s. Firstly, annual trends in settlement were spatially analysed across the three States. In South Australian and Victorian settlement patterns were closely related. In Tasmania, settlement sites along the northeast coast were positively correlated, but showed no relationship with areas further south or in any other State. Secondly, annual settlement indices were correlated with lagged estimates of fishery recruitment. In South Australia, the strongest correlations between settlement and recruitment to legal size were observed using a 4–5- year time-lag. Within Victoria and Tasmania, the period from settlement to recruitment at 60 mm carapace length (CL) was 2 and 3 years, respectively. The period from 60 mm to legal size was another 2–3 years, suggesting that the total time from settlement to the fishery ranges from 4–6 years in these regions. The correlation between settlement and recruitment was used to forecast future estimates of exploitable biomass in one region of South Australia. The results indicate that puerulus monitoring is a relatively robust indicator of future fishery performance and should be regarded as an important data source for rock lobster resources within south-eastern Australia.
Testing the Copernican principle by constraining spatial homogeneity
Authors: Valkenburg Wessel , Marra Valerio , Clarkson Chris 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
We present a new programme for placing constraints on radial inhomogeneity in a dark-energy-dominated universe. We introduce a new measure to quantify violations of the Copernican principle. Any violation of this principle would interfere with our interpretation of any dark-energy evolution. In particular, we find that current observations place reasonably tight constraints on possible late-time violations of the Copernican principle: the allowed area in the parameter space of amplitude and scale of a spherical inhomogeneity around the observer has to be reduced by a factor of 3 so as to confirm the Copernican principle. Then, by marginalizing over possible radial inhomogeneity we provide the first constraints on the cosmological constant which are free of the homogeneity prior prevalent in cosmology.
A Metabolomic Approach to the Pathogenesis of Ventilator-induced Lung Injury
Authors: Izquierdo-García José L. , Naz Shama , Nin Nicolás , Rojas Yeny , Erazo Marcela , Martínez-Caro Leticia , García Antonia , de Paula Marta , Fernández-Segoviano Pilar , Casals Cristina , Esteban Andrés , Ruíz-Cabello Jesús , Barbas Coral , Lorente José A. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background:
Global metabolic profiling using quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and mass spectrometry (MS) is useful for biomarker discovery. The objective of this study was to discover biomarkers of acute lung injury induced by mechanical ventilation (ventilator-induced lung injury [VILI]), by using MRS and MS.

Methods:
Male Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to two ventilatory strategies for 2.5 h: tidal volume 9 ml/kg, positive end-expiratory pressure 5 cm H2O (control, n = 14); and tidal volume 25 ml/kg and positive end-expiratory pressure 0 cm H2O (VILI, n = 10). Lung tissue, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and serum spectra were obtained by high-resolution magic angle spinning and 1H-MRS. Serum spectra were acquired by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadupole-time of flight MS. Principal component and partial least squares analyses were performed.

Results:
Metabolic profiling discriminated characteristics between control and VILI animals. As compared with the controls, animals with VILI showed by MRS higher concentrations of lactate and lower concentration of glucose and glycine in lung tissue, accompanied by increased levels of glucose, lactate, acetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and creatine in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In serum, increased levels of phosphatidylcholine, oleamide, sphinganine, hexadecenal and lysine, and decreased levels of lyso-phosphatidylcholine and sphingosine were identified by MS.

Conclusions:
This pilot study suggests that VILI is characterized by a particular metabolic profile that can be identified by MRS and MS. The metabolic profile, though preliminary and pending confirmation in larger data sets, suggests alterations in energy and membrane lipids.
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Association of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Hepatic Enzymes in a National Sample of Iranian Children and Adolescents
Authors: Mohammadi Fatemeh , Qorbani Mostafa , Kelishadi Roya , Baygi Fereshteh , Ardalan Gelayol , Taslimi Mahnaz , Mahmoudarabi Minoosadat , Motlagh Mohammad‐Esmaeil , Asayesh Hamid , Larijani Bagher , Heshmat Ramin 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTObjectives:Elevated liver enzymes including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) may be associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular disease. We investigated the association of cardiometabolic risk factors and liver enzymes in a nationally representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents.Methods:The national study was conducted in the framework of the third survey of Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and PreventIon of Adult Non‐communicable Disease study. Subjects were 3948 students (1942 girls, 67.55% urban, mean age 14.7 ± 2.4 years) who were recruited by multistage random cluster sampling from 27 provincial counties in Iran. Physical examination and laboratory tests were conducted under standard protocols.Results:Participants with elevated serum ALT had higher levels of almost all cardiometabolic risk factors than other participants; this difference was not significant for fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, and diastolic blood pressure in both sexes, as well as low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol in girls. Participants with generalized and abdominal obesity, MetS, elevated blood pressure, triglycerides, and total cholesterol had increased risk for elevated ALT; this risk remained significant after adjusting for sex and age. Low high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol was found as a predictor for both elevated ALT (odds ratio 2.182, 95% confidence interval 1.533–3.105) and AST (odds ratio 2.022, 95% confidence interval 1.438–2.844) even after adjusting for all potential confounders. General (B 0.158, SE 0.030) and abdominal obesity (B 0.058, SE 0.029), MetS (B 0.231, SE 0.048), and triglycerides (B 0.094, SE 0.030) were associated with ALT:AST ratio after adjusting for all potential confounders (P < 0.001).Conclusions:We documented strong relations of elevated ALT, AST levels, and ALT:AST ratio with most cardiometabolic risk factors. This relation was independent of anthropometric indexes. Liver enzymes can be considered as a cardiometabolic risk factor from childhood, and as an additional component of the MetS.
Association Between Child Maltreatment and Constipation
Authors: Rajindrajith Shaman , Devanarayana Niranga M. , Lakmini Chamila , Subasinghe Vindya , de Silva D.G. Harendra , Benninga Marc A. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTObjective:Child abuse leads to multiple physical and psychosomatic sequelae. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between child abuse and constipation among schoolchildren.Methods:Children 13 to 18 years of age were selected from 4 semiurban schools in Gampaha District, Sri Lanka. A self‐administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Information regarding sociodemographic factors and gastrointestinal symptoms, child abuse, and somatisation were collected. Constipation was diagnosed using Rome III criteria.Results:A total of 1792 children were included in the analysis (boys 975 [54.4%], mean age 14.4 years, standard deviation [SD] 1.3 years). One hundred thirty‐eight (7.7%) fulfilled Rome III criteria for constipation. The number of children exposed to physical, emotional, and sexual abuse were, respectively, 438 (24.4%), 396 (22.1%), and 51 (2.8%). The prevalence of constipation was significantly higher in those exposed to sexual (5.8% vs 2.6% P = 0.03), emotional (40.9% vs 20.8%, P < 0.0001), and physical abuse (41.6% vs 23.2%, P < 0.0001). Mean somatisation score was higher in the total group of abused children with constipation (mean 18.6, SD 12.5) compared with those without (mean 13.9, SD 12.3; P = 0.027). Children with a history of abuse did not seek health care more often than children without this history. Patient‐perceived severity of bowel symptoms was higher in children with physical abuse (23.7 vs 19.7 P = 0.001) and emotional abuse (25.4 vs 19.3 P < 0.0001).Conclusions:Childhood constipation shows a significant association with physical, sexual, and emotional abuse. Children with constipation complain of more somatic symptoms and bowel symptoms when they are exposed to abuse.
A Major Role for the Plastid-Encoded RNA Polymerase Complex in the Expression of Plastid Transfer RNAs
Authors: Williams-Carrier Rosalind , Zoschke Reimo , Belcher Susan , Pfalz Jeannette , Barkan Alice 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Chloroplast transcription in land plants relies on collaboration between a plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP) of cyanobacterial ancestry and a nucleus-encoded RNA polymerase of phage ancestry. PEP associates with additional proteins that are unrelated to bacterial transcription factors, many of which have been shown to be important for PEP activity in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, the biochemical roles of these PEP-associated proteins are not known. We describe phenotypes conditioned by transposon insertions in genes encoding the maize (Zea mays) orthologs of five such proteins: ZmPTAC2, ZmMurE, ZmPTAC10, ZmPTAC12, and ZmPRIN2. These mutants have similar ivory/virescent pigmentation and similar reductions in plastid ribosomes and photosynthetic complexes. RNA gel-blot and microarray hybridizations revealed numerous changes in plastid transcript populations, many of which resemble those reported for the orthologous mutants in Arabidopsis. However, unanticipated reductions in the abundance of numerous transfer RNAs (tRNAs) dominated the microarray data and were validated on RNA gel blots. The magnitude of the deficiencies for several tRNAs was similar to that of the most severely affected messenger RNAs, with the loss of trnL-UAA being particularly severe. These findings suggest that PEP and its associated proteins are critical for the robust transcription of numerous plastid tRNAs and that this function is essential for the prodigious translation of plastid-encoded proteins that is required during the installation of the photosynthetic apparatus.
Spatio-Temporal Transcript Profiling of Rice Roots and Shoots in Response to Phosphate Starvation and Recovery
Authors: Secco David , Jabnoune Mehdi , Walker Hayden , Shou Huixia , Wu Ping , Poirier Yves , Whelan James 
Published: November 2013

AbstractUsing rice (Oryza sativa) as a model crop species, we performed an in-depth temporal transcriptome analysis, covering the early and late stages of Pi deprivation as well as Pi recovery in roots and shoots, using next-generation sequencing. Analyses of 126 paired-end RNA sequencing libraries, spanning nine time points, provided a comprehensive overview of the dynamic responses of rice to Pi stress. Differentially expressed genes were grouped into eight sets based on their responses to Pi starvation and recovery, enabling the complex signaling pathways involved in Pi homeostasis to be untangled. A reference annotation-based transcript assembly was also generated, identifying 438 unannotated loci that were differentially expressed under Pi starvation. Several genes also showed induction of unannotated splice isoforms under Pi starvation. Among these, PHOSPHATE2 (PHO2), a key regulator of Pi homeostasis, displayed a Pi starvation–induced isoform, which was associated with increased translation activity. In addition, microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles after long-term Pi starvation in roots and shoots were assessed, identifying 20 miRNA families that were not previously associated with Pi starvation, such as miR6250. In this article, we present a comprehensive spatio-temporal transcriptome analysis of plant responses to Pi stress, revealing a large number of potential key regulators of Pi homeostasis in plants.
Lack of coherence in the warming responses of marine crustaceans
Authors: Faulkner Katelyn T. , Clusella‐Trullas Susana , Peck Lloyd S. , Chown Steven L. 
Published: November 2013

SummaryUnderstanding the extent to which organisms are affected by climate change and are capable of adapting to warming is essential for managing biodiversity. Recent macrophysiological analyses suggest that range‐related responses to warming may be more coherent (less variable) and predictable in marine than in terrestrial systems.To examine this generalization, we investigate basal upper thermal tolerances (measured asCTmax), the extent of their phenotypic plasticity and the impacts of different rates of temperature change on these tolerances, in five species of intertidal crustaceans from three distinct thermal regimes, incorporating South African (RSA) shores and sub‐Antarctic Marion Island (MI).For all species, lower rates of change resulted in lowerCTmax,while acclimation resulted in varied responses depending on the rate of temperature change. At fast rates of temperature change, higher temperature acclimation resulted in elevatedCTmax,while at slow rates of change, acclimation had no effect or resulted in a decline inCTmax.Maximum habitat temperatures recorded at the organisms' microsites were lower than theCTmaxfor theMIpopulations but were aboveCTmaxat slow rates of change forRSApopulations. Thus, populations from more equatorward locations have a lower tolerance of extremes than those from cooler regions. In addition to reduced warming tolerance,RSApopulations had a lower acclimation capacity than their sub‐Antarctic counterparts.We find substantial differences in long‐term responses among groups in different areas as a consequence of spatial variation in the interactions among basal tolerance, phenotypic plasticity and thermal environments. These outcomes emphasize the significance of examining forecasts using a range of data and approaches so that their certainty can be established to inform key policy decisions in a spatially appropriate context.
Genome‐guided insights into the versatile metabolic capabilities of the mercaptosuccinate‐utilizing β‐proteobacterium Variovorax paradoxus strain B4
Authors: Brandt Ulrike , Hiessl Sebastian , Schuldes Jörg , Thürmer Andrea , Wübbeler Jan Hendrik , Daniel Rolf , Steinbüchel Alexander 
Published: November 2013

SummaryVariovorax paradoxus B4 is able to utilize 2‐mercaptosuccinate (MS) as sole carbon, sulfur and energy source. The whole genome of V. paradoxus B4 was sequenced, annotated and evaluated with special focus on genomic elements related to MS metabolism. The genome encodes two chromosomes harbouring 5 795 261 and 1 353 255 bp. A total of 6753 putative protein‐coding sequences were identified. Based on the genome and in combination with results from previous studies, a putative pathway for the degradation of MS could be postulated. The putative molybdopterin oxidoreductase identified during transposon mutagenesis probably catalyses the conversion of MS first into sulfinosuccinate and then into sulfosuccinate by successive transfer of oxygen atoms. Subsequently, the cleavage of sulfosuccinate yields oxaloacetate and sulfite, while the latter is oxidized to sulfate. The expression of the putative molybdopterin oxidoreductase was induced by MS, but not by gluconate, as confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Further, in silico studies combined with experiments and comparative genomics revealed high metabolic diversity of strain B4. It bears a high potential as plant growth‐promoting bacterium and as candidate for degradation and detoxification of xenobiotics and other hardly degradable substances. Additionally, the strain is of special interest for production of polythioesters with sulfur‐containing precursors as MS.
Prediction of time to return to work after gynaecological surgery: a prospective cohort study in the Netherlands
Authors: Vonk Noordegraaf A , Anema JR , Louwerse MD , Heymans MW , van Mechelen W , Brölmann HAM , Huirne JAF 
Published: November 2013

ObjectiveTo measure the impact of the level of invasiveness of gynaecological procedures on time to full Return to Work (RTW) and to identify the most important preoperative sociodemographic, medical and work‐related factors that predict the risk of prolonged sick leave.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingDutch university hospital.PopulationA total of 148 women aged 18–65 years scheduled for gynaecological surgery for benign indications.MethodsA questionnaire regarding the surgical procedure as well as perioperative and postoperative complications was completed by the attending resident at baseline and 6 weeks after surgery. All other outcome measures were assessed using self‐reported patient questionnaires at baseline and 12 weeks post‐surgery. The follow‐up period was extended up to 1 year after surgery in women failing to return to work. Surgical procedures were categorised into diagnostic, minor, intermediate and major surgery.Main outcome measuresTime to RTW and important predictors for prolonged sick leave after surgery.ResultsMedian time to RTW was 7 days (interquartile range [IQR] 5–14) for diagnostic surgery, 14 days (IQR 9–28) for minor surgery, 60 days (IQR 28–101) for intermediate surgery and 69 days (IQR 56–135) for major surgery. Multivariable analysis showed a strongest predictive value of RTW 1 year after surgery for level of invasiveness of surgery (minor surgery hazard ratio [HR] 0.51, 95% CI 0.32–0.81; intermediate surgery HR 0.20, 95% CI 0.12–0.34; major surgery HR 0.09, 95% CI 0.06–0.16), RTW expectations before surgery (HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.36–0.84), and preoperative functional status (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.04–1.13). A prediction model regarding the probability of prolonged sick leave at 6 weeks was developed, with a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 86%.ConclusionsRTW often takes a long time, especially after intermediate and major surgery. This study reveals important predictors for prolonged sick leave and provides a prediction model for the risk of sick leave extending 6 weeks after benign gynaecological surgery in the Netherlands.
Equity in Access to Health Care Services in Italy
Authors: Glorioso Valeria , Subramanian S. V. 
Published: November 2013

ObjectiveTo provide new evidence on whether and how patterns of health care utilization deviate from horizontal equity in a country with a universal and egalitarian public health care system: Italy.Data SourcesSecondary analysis of data from the Health Conditions and Health Care Utilization Survey 2005, conducted by the Italian National Institute of Statistics on a probability sample of the noninstitutionalized Italian population.Study DesignUsing multilevel logistic regression, we investigated how the probability of utilizing five health care services varies among individuals with equal health status but different SES.Data Collection/ExtractionRespondents aged 18 or older at the interview time (n = 103,651).Principal FindingsOverall, we found that use of primary care is inequitable in favor of the less well‐off, hospitalization is equitable, and use of outpatient specialist care, basic medical tests, and diagnostic services is inequitable in favor of the well‐off. Stratifying the analysis by health status, however, we found that the degree of inequity varies according to health status.ConclusionsDespite its universal and egalitarian public health care system, Italy exhibits a significant degree of SES‐related horizontal inequity in health services utilization.
Economic Determinants and Information Environment Effects of Earnouts: New Insights from SFAS 141(R)
Authors: CADMAN BRIAN , CARRIZOSA RICHARD , FAUREL LUCILE 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTContingent considerations (earnouts) in acquisition agreements provide sellers with future payments conditional on meeting certain conditions. Prior research provides evidence that acquiring firms use earnouts to minimize agency costs associated with acquisitions. Using earnout fair value information, recently mandated by SFAS 141(R), we provide new insights into the economic determinants to include earnout provisions in acquisition agreements, including motivations to resolve moral hazard and adverse selection problems, bridge valuation gaps, and retain target firm managers. We document variations in initial earnout fair value estimates and earnout fair value adjustments that correspond with these underlying motivations. We also provide evidence that target managers stay longer with the firm after the acquisition when earnouts are included primarily to retain target managers. Finally, we demonstrate that earnout fair value adjustments required by SFAS 141(R) provide valuable information to market participants and are negatively associated with the likelihood of contemporaneous and future goodwill impairments.
Private Interaction Between Firm Management and Sell‐Side Analysts
Authors: SOLTES EUGENE 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTAlthough sell‐side analysts often privately interact with managers of publicly traded firms, the private nature of this contact has historically obscured direction examination. By examining a set of proprietary records compiled by a large‐cap NYSE‐traded firm, I offer insights into which analysts privately meet with management, when analysts privately interact with management, and why these interactions occur. I also compare private interaction to public interaction between analysts and managers on conference calls. The evidence suggests that private interaction with management is an important communication channel for analysts for reasons other than firm‐specific forecasting news.