bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute M2 Bifurcation Stenting for Cerebral Infarction: Lessons Learned from the Heart:Technical Case Report
Authors: Levy Elad I. , Ecker Robert D. , Hanel Ricardo A. , Sauvageau Eric , Wehman J Christopher , Guterman Lee R. , Hopkins L Nelson 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE:
Acute ischemic stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States. For patients with NIHSS scores &gt;10 and evaluated within 6 hours, intra-arterial thrombolysis is the treatment of choice. The Merci retriever (Concentric Medical Inc., Mountain View, CA) and IV TPA are currently the only FDA-approved treatments for acute ischemic stroke. For patients who do not meet the criteria for TPA administration and/or in whom the Merci device fails, options are limited. Intracranial stenting for acute ischemic stroke after failed thrombolysis is now possible because of improved delivery systems and appropriately sized stents.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
A 26-year-old woman presented with an NIHSS score of 11 (right-sided hemiparesis and mixed aphasia) 4 hours from the time of symptom onset. CT perfusion demonstrated increased time to peak in the entire left hemisphere; conventional angiography demonstrated a left M1 occlusion.

INTERVENTION:
After crossing the occlusion with a microcatheter, reteplase (2 units) was administered into the clot. Mechanical thrombolysis was then attempted, without restoration of flow. Two 3 × 12-mm coronary stents were placed from the M1 into the superior and inferior divisions, respectively, with complete restoration of flow (TIMI 3). Within 72 hours, the patient had an NIHSS score of 1, with a small infarction in the external capsule.

CONCLUSION:
Novel stroke interventions need to be developed for patients with acute ischemic stroke in whom traditional interventions fail. We present (to our knowledge) the first case of successful revascularization of an acute M1 occlusion accomplished with placement of two coronary stents.
Endoscopic Extruded Screw Removal after Anterior Cervical Disc Fusion: Technical Case Report
Authors: Lee Wha-Joon , Sheehan Jonas M. , Stack Brendan C. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE:
Symptomatic complications related to screw migration and extrusion after anterior cervical disc fusion are uncommon.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
We report a case of significant dysphagia owing to late screw migration.

INTERVENTION:
An endoscopic transpharyngeal removal was performed without pharyngeal closure and with relief of symptoms.

CONCLUSION:
A transpharyngeal endoscopic approach to remove loose anterior cervical hardware is feasible and warrants further evaluation.
Unilateral Mydriasis without Ophthalmoplegia—A Sign of Neurovascular Compression?: Case Report
Authors: Albayram Sait , Ozer Harun , Sarici Ahmet , Murphy Kieran , Miller Neil 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
We aimed to demonstrate the use of neuroimaging studies in vascular compression of the oculomotor nerve.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
A 24-year-old woman was noted by her dentist to have anisocoria, with the left pupil being larger than the right. After detailed ophthalmologic and neurological examination, we proceeded to peform neuroimaging. T2-weighted images (2 mm) and constructive interference in steady-state (0.3 mm) images were utilized.

INTERVENTION:
Magnetic reasonance imaging showed that duplicated left superior cerebellar artery, a prominent posterior communicating artery, and a posterior cerebral artery combined to compress the superomedial portion of the left oculomotor nerve.

CONCLUSION:
With continued improvements in neuroimaging, we think that more cases of isolated cranial neuropathies previously labeled as “idiopathic” will be shown to result from vascular compression.
Physical Activity in Children Attending Preschools
Authors: Olesen Line Groenholt , Kristensen Peter Lund , Korsholm Lars , Froberg Karsten 
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVE:
To identify correlates of objectively measured moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in children during preschool attendance.

METHODS:
This cross-sectional study included data from 426 apparently healthy Danish children (49.5% boys), 5 to 6 years of age enrolled in 42 randomly selected preschools. The percentage of time spent in MVPA (≥574 counts/15 second) during preschool attendance was measured using ActiGraph accelerometers over 4.3 preschool days in May and June in 2009. Thirty-seven potential correlates across the child, preschool staff, and preschool environment domains were tested for associations with MVPA.

RESULTS:
The final multivariate model identified 9 significant correlates of MVPA. Preterm birth, vegetation on the playground, and rainy days were negatively associated with MVPA, whereas child motor coordination, location of preschool building on the playground, gender (boys), percentage afternoon hours, and size of indoor area per child were positively associated with MVPA. The direction of the significant association with the parental mean education level was unclear.

CONCLUSIONS:
We identified a number of new modifiable correlates of MVPA during preschool attendance. The positive association with size of indoor area per child and location of the preschool building on the playground seem important correlates to be targeted in future studies.
Off-Label Topical Calcineurin Inhibitor Use in Children
Authors: Manthripragada Angelika D. , Pinheiro Simone P. , MaCurdy Thomas E. , Saneinejad Shahin , Worrall Chris M. , Kelman Jeffrey A. , Graham David J. 
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVE:
To assess off-label use of the topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCIs), tacrolimus and pimecrolimus, in children during periods before and after regulatory action by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2005.

METHODS:
We identified new pediatric (age &lt;20 years) users of topical tacrolimus or pimecrolimus in US Medicaid from 2001 to 2009, and examined the annual rate of drug use (pre- and postregulatory action) by age. We assessed medical claims for diagnoses consistent with an indication for a TCI, and assessed prescriptions for evidence of first-line atopic dermatitis therapy use before TCI initiation.

RESULTS:
There were 57 664 eligible pediatric tacrolimus users and 425 242 eligible pediatric pimecrolimus users at baseline. The rate of TCI use decreased substantially after FDA regulatory action. The proportion of new users younger than 2 years of age significantly decreased for both tacrolimus (36.7% to 22.5%, P &lt; .001) and pimecrolimus (47.0% to 33.7%, P &lt; .001) after regulatory actions. Previous use of topical corticosteroids increased by ∼7% for both TCIs from the pre- to postregulatory period. However, after regulatory actions, there was only a small increase in the proportion of tacrolimus or pimecrolimus users with an atopic dermatitis or eczema diagnosis before drug initiation, and high strength use of tacrolimus was unchanged.

CONCLUSIONS:
The rate of TCI use in children younger than 2 years of age fell substantially after FDA regulatory action in 2005. Off-label use of TCI as first-line therapy changed little.
Effect of Palivizumab Prophylaxis on Subsequent Recurrent Wheezing in Preterm Infants
Authors: Yoshihara Shigemi , Kusuda Satoshi , Mochizuki Hiroyuki , Okada Kenji , Nishima Sankei , Simões Eric A.F. 
Published: October 2013

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Palivizumab effectively prevents severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease in preterm infants. Our objective was to test whether palivizumab prophylaxis given to preterm infants during the first RSV season reduces the incidence of subsequent recurrent wheezing up to 3 years of life.

METHODS:
We conducted an observational prospective multicenter (52 registered hospitals in Japan) case-control study in preterm infants with a gestational age between 33 and 35 weeks followed for 3 years. During the 2007–2008 RSV season, the decision to administer palivizumab was made based on standard medical practice. In April 2008, 52 hospitals were recruited. Study participants were prospectively followed to the age of 3 years. Parents of study subjects reported the infants’ physician’s assessment of recurrent wheezing, used a report card and a novel mobile phone-based reporting system by using the Internet. The primary end point was the incidence of physician-diagnosed recurrent wheezing.

RESULTS:
Of 444 preterm infants enrolled, 349 received palivizumab during the first 6 months of life and 95 infants did not. Physician-diagnosed recurrent wheezing was observed in 6.4% and 18.9% of infants in the treated and untreated groups, respectively (P &lt; .001). This difference remained significant after adjustment for known risk factors of recurrent wheezing (P &lt; .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Palivizumab prophylaxis administered to preterm infants 33 to 35 weeks’ gestational age is associated with a significantly lower incidence of recurrent wheezing during the first 3 years of life.
Reliability of Transcutaneous Bilirubin Devices in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nagar Gaurav , Vandermeer Ben , Campbell Sandra , Kumar Manoj 
Published: October 2013

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) devices are widely used for the estimation of serum bilirubin levels in term and near-term infants. Our objective was to review the diagnostic accuracy of TcB devices in preterm infants.

METHODS:
Medline, Embase, Cochrane library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Scopus were searched (from database inception date until December 2012). Additional citations were identified by using the bibliographies of selected articles and from conference proceedings. The studies were included if they compared TcB with total serum bilirubin in preterm infants before phototherapy and presented data as correlation coefficients or as Bland-Altman difference plots. Data were extracted by 1 reviewer and checked for accuracy by the second reviewer. An assessment tool (quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies) was used for risk of bias assessments.

RESULTS:
Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria; 21 studies reported results as correlation coefficients, with pooled estimates of r = 0.83 for each site of measurement. Pooled estimates in infants &lt;32 weeks’ gestation were similar to the overall preterm population (r = 0.89 [95% confidence interval: 0.82–0.93]). For the 2 commonly used TcB devices (ie, JM103 and BiliCheck), the results were comparable at the forehead site, although the JM103 device exhibited better correlation at the sternum. Analysis of the Bland-Altman plots (13 studies) revealed negligible bias in measurement at the forehead or sternum site by using either the JM-103 or BiliCheck device; however, the JM-103 device exhibited better precision than the BiliCheck (SD for TcB – total serum bilirubin differences: 24.3 and 31.98 µmol/L, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:
The TcB devices reliably estimated bilirubin levels in preterm infants and could be used in clinical practice to reduce blood sampling.
Changes in Bedtime Schedules and Behavioral Difficulties in 7 Year Old Children
Authors: Kelly Yvonne , Kelly John , Sacker Amanda 
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVES:
Causal links between disrupted sleep and behavioral problems in nonclinical populations are far from clear. Research questions were as follows: Are bedtime schedules associated with behavioral difficulties? Do effects of bedtime schedules on behavior build up over early childhood? Are changes in bedtime schedules linked to changes in behavior?

METHODS:
Data from 10 230 7-year-olds from the UK Millennium Cohort Study, with bedtime data collected at 3, 5, and 7 years, and behavioral difficulties scores as rated by mothers and teachers were analyzed.

RESULTS:
Children with nonregular bedtimes had more behavioral difficulties. There was an incremental worsening in behavioral scores as exposure through early childhood to not having regular bedtimes increased: mother rated (nonregular any 1 age, β = 0.53; nonregular any 2 ages, β = 1.04; nonregular all 3 ages, β = 2.10, P &lt; .001) and teacher rated (β = 0.22, β = 0.73, β = 1.85, P &lt; .001). Difference in differences analysis showed that for children who changed from nonregular to regular bedtimes there were clear nontrivial, statistically significant improvements in behavioral scores: A change between age 3 and 7 corresponded to a difference of β = −0.63, and a change between age 5 and 7 corresponded to a difference of β = −1.02). For children who changed from regular to nonregular bedtimes between ages 5 and 7 there was a statistically significant worsening in scores, β = 0.42.

CONCLUSIONS:
Having regular bedtimes during early childhood is an important influence on children’s behavior. There are clear opportunities for interventions aimed at supporting family routines that could have important impacts on health throughout life.
Permeability Upscaling for Carbonates From the Pore Scale by Use of Multiscale X-Ray-CT Images
Authors: Dehghan Khalili A.. , Arns J.-Y.. -Y. , Hussain F.. , Cinar Y.. , Pinczewski W.V.. V. , Arns C.H.. H. 
Published: October 2013

SummaryHigh-resolution X-ray-computed-tomography (CT) images are increasingly used to numerically derive petrophysical properties of interest at the pore scale—in particular, effective permeability. Current micro-X-ray-CT facilities typically offer a resolution of a few microns per voxel, resulting in a field of view of approximately 5 mm3 for a 2,0482 charge-coupled device. At this scale, the resolution is normally sufficient to resolve pore-space connectivity and calculate transport properties directly. For samples exhibiting heterogeneity above the field of view of such a single high-resolution tomogram with resolved pore space, a second low-resolution tomogram can provide a larger-scale porosity map. This low-resolution X-ray-CT image provides the correlation structure of porosity at an intermediate scale, for which high-resolution permeability calculations can be carried out, forming the basis for upscaling methods dealing with correlated heterogeneity.In this study, we characterize spatial heterogeneity by use of overlapping registered X-ray-CT images derived at different resolutions spanning orders of magnitude in length scales. A 38-mm-diameter carbonate core is studied in detail and imaged at low resolution—and at high resolution by taking four 5-mm-diameter subsets, one of which is imaged by use of full-length helical scanning. Fine-scale permeability transforms are derived by use of direct porosity/permeability relationships, random sampling of the porosity/permeability scatter plot as a function of porosity, and structural correlations combined with stochastic simulation. A range of these methods is applied at the coarse scale. We compare various upscaling methods, including renormalization theory, with direct solutions by use of a Laplace solver and report error bounds. Finally, we compare with experimental measurements of permeability at both the small-plug and the full-plug scale.We find that both numerically and experimentally for the carbonate sample considered, which displays nonconnecting vugs and intrafossil pores, permeability increases with scale. Although numerical and experimental results agree at the larger scale, the digital core-analysis results underestimate experimentally measured permeability at the smaller scale. Upscaling techniques that use basic averaging techniques fail to provide truthful vertical permeability at the fine scale because of large permeability contrasts. At this scale, the most accurate upscaling technique uses Darcy's law. At the coarse scale, an accurate permeability estimate with error bounds is feasible if spatial correlations are considered. All upscaling techniques work satisfactorily at this scale. A key part of the study is the establishment of porosity transforms between high-resolution and low-resolution images to arrive at a calibrated porosity map to constrain permeability estimates for the whole core.
Demonstration of an Efficient Concept-Selection Process for Tight and Unconventional Resources
Authors: Wehunt C.D.. D. , Hrachovy M.J.. J. , Padmakar A.S.. S. , Walker S.C.. C. 
Published: October 2013

Summary
Making an efficient and wise concept-selection decision—quickly selecting the right project—is often of equal or greater importance than later design and execution tasks for determining project success. An efficient assessment process is one that supports rapid assessment of an appropriately broad range of viable alternatives, leading to an optimized project design, while consuming the minimum necessary assessment resources. Value lost from a suboptimal-concept selection decision or from a needlessly prolonged assessment process is independent of value-generation opportunities during design and execution, and cannot be recovered during later project phases. The objectives of the methods shown in this paper are to improve concept-selection decision quality by allowing simultaneous optimization of interdependent development decisions, and to improve the quality of and reduce the resource requirements for simulation-derived production forecasts. This paper presents a complementary decision framework, productionforecasting process, and economic model that promote an efficient and high-quality concept-selection decision, and are particularly appropriate for early phase development concept selection and optimization for tight or unconventional resources. The method is suitable for both oil and gas resources, and is especially useful for assessing and developing large contiguous tracts.
The decision framework is efficient because it is structured so that some decisions are independent of the simulation model, and those decisions can be optimized within the economic model. Our production-forecasting method is efficient because it uses small, symmetry-element reservoir-simulation models. The symmetry-element sector simulation models run fast and can evaluate many cases, but they still improve forecast quality by explicitly addressing many relevant physical effects that are not addressed by other methods that are attempting to model a much larger volume of the reservoir. The economic model is efficient because it includes an automated optimizer for those decisions that are independent of the simulation-derived forecasts, and it promotes high-quality decisions by incorporating meaningful constraints to ensure that the forecasts are both realistic and achievable. The economic model also includes a fracture efficiency factor that may be important for modeling the diminished performance observed as the number of stages increase in multifractured horizontal wells. This fracture efficiency factor may also be an important discriminator of performance between wells fractured by use of aqueous vs. nonaqueous fracturing fluids.
The Hydrocarbon Potential and Geological Exploration Works In The Arctic Shelf
Authors: Varlamov A.. , Afanasenkov A.. , Peshkova I.. , Lugovaya O.. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
On the basis of the geological and geophysical research in the Russian continental shelf, on the analysis of the resource base and the licensing activities – the regional stage of studying geological structure and oil and gas potential evaluation should be continued in the high-latitude regions of Western and Easten Arctic seas. The licensing process currently covers the entire Arctic. Today, the license areas issued by companies and their applications for licenses cover almost all prospective oil and gas offshore areas.
Transition Zone Seismic Acquisition on the Alaska North Slope, Simpson Lagoon
Authors: Wyman Larry , Ahmad Khaliq 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The Alaska North Slope, within the Arctic Circle, is a challenging environment to operate seismic crews. The company has operated land and marine seismic programs on the North Slope since 1979. We present a review of the summer 2012 Simpson Lagoon seismic survey, outlining the safety, operational and technical challenges faced in an arctic transition zone environment. Ocean Bottom Seismic (OBS) data on the North Slope is essential for the effective development of the hydrocarbon fields, providing improved and accurate subsurface imaging. The arctic open-water season provides a short window of opportunity to collect OBS data, bounded by the seasonal break-up and freeze-up of the sea ice and subsistence whale hunting. These factors constrain the quantity and influence the quality of the data collected, however sufficient resource allocated to pre-season planning is critical to the success of the seismic project. We demonstrate the planning and decisions made were influenced by the safety of the seismic crew, minimizing impact to the environment, and the collection of quality seamless subsurface seismic data. Key successes of the survey include: 24 hour operations completed within 45 days; completion of the seismic objectives equating to 88 square miles of data; enhanced imaging below the lagoon barrier islands carried out by safe and efficient helicopter operations utilizing autonomous land nodes; and innovative techniques for burying receiver sensors into the surf zone which significantly improved data quality.
In-Situ Real-Time Wireline Formation Testing Unlocks Early Additional Reserves In Kazakhstan: Case Study
Authors: El Battawy A.. , El Khatib K.. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
With today’s economic realities, operators realize the value of attaining information about reservoir potential as soon as possible. The early confirmation of new reservoir potential can translate into time and money savings and can support decisions to optimize the well testing program and plans to drill new wells.
Case studies from appraisal wells in a carbonate gas condensate reservoir located in north Kazakhstan illustrate the importance of real-time information. In these wells, the use of wireline formation tester (WFT) interval pressure transient testing (IPTT) coupled with the latest generation fluid analyzer provided fluid properties and reservoir characteristics and confirmed the presence of additional reserves. When the reservoir was discovered, operational considerations precluded the immediate acquisition of well test data. As a result, the operator had to proceed with significant economic decisions based only on the acquired WFT data. A full year elapsed before the well test results confirmed the initial WFT results.
The IPTT uses two inflatable packers to isolate a borehole interval for testing. A downhole pump is used to clean up invaded filtrate and flow reservoir fluids during fluid cleanup, while composition and gas/oil ratio are measured using a fluid analyzer. After collecting pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) samples, a pressure buildup is performed, and transient pressure data are analyzed for the permeability-thickness product and skin factor.
Two different formations were investigated with WFT IPTT and a full drillstem test (DST). The fluid properties measured in real time matched later PVT laboratory analysis and wellhead production. Reservoir characteristics from both interpretations were in close agreement. The well test, with its deeper depth of investigation, detected a fault boundary that as not seen on the WFT IPTT.
The field examples showed how a judiciously planned and executed WFT acquisition can provide invaluable early information for key investment decisions and complement the design of the well test.