bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gas-Fuel HVOF and Its Influencing Factors: Introducing the Total Gas Flow
Authors: Hambrock Carina , Rannetbauer Wolfgang , Hubmer Simon , Ramlau Ronny 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Gas-fuel HVOF for thermal spraying of WC-CoCr powder is widely known and well described in literature. Focus are the various influencing factors like fuel-to-oxygen ratio, standoff-distance and powder feed rate on the coating characteristics like hardness and porosity. However, the total gas flow is usually not being described in this context despite its wide influence on particle characteristics and therefore on coating properties. In this study, the characteristic influence of the total gas flow on roughness, hardness and porosity is described as well as its effect on the particle characteristics. The study performed was based on technical standard values for thermally spraying WC-Co-Cr via gas-fuel HVOF (DJ2700 hybrid) and additional trials for increased and decreased total gas flow. It was possible to determine that with higher gas flow the deposition rate increases while the roughness and porosity decrease. However, these results cannot be viewed in isolation as other factors, such as the fuel-to-oxygen ratio, are affecting the particle and coating characteristics at the same time. Therefore, the total gas flow is also considered in combination with other factors.
Highly Porous Titanium Coatings for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis Application by HVOF
Authors: Bobzin Kirsten , Zhao Lidong , Heinemann Hendrik , Olesch Elisa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Titanium porous transport layers (PTL) are important components in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) cells. The performance enhancement and the reduction of manufacturing cost of PTLs are of importance for market expansion of PEMWE. Vacuum plasma spraying (VPS) was used to prepare PTL or modify PTL of sintered titanium powders and the PTLs by VPS showed a high performance. Regarding the cost efficiency, it is of great interest to produce PTLs using more economical spray processes than VPS. In this study, high velocity oxy-fuel spraying (HVOF) was used to produce highly porous titanium coatings for this purpose. The spray process was developed to achieve a high porosity of up to Φ = 30 % using three titanium powders with size distributions of fA = -90 +45 μm, fB = -63 +20 μm and fc = -45 +11 μm. The coating structures were examined on the cross sections of the titanium coatings with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The porosity was determined using the image analysis system ImageJ. The deposition efficiency of the titanium powder fC = -45 +11 μm was determined. The results show that the coating structure significantly depends on the titanium powders. Highly porous titanium coatings of Φ = 24 - 40 % can be produced with the titanium powders of fB = -63 +20 μm and fc = -45 +11 μm. Titanium oxides are hardly visible on the cross-sections of the titanium coatings. A high deposition efficiency of approximately DP ≈ 70 % was measured for the titanium powder of fc = -45 +11 μm.
An Optical and Metallurgical Comparison of Chrome Free and Chrome Containing Al-Si Slurry Diffusion Coatings for Gas Turbine Applications
Authors: Higgins Sarah , Jones Thomas D.A. , Zhao Qi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Hexavalent chromium has been widely used in the coating industry and more specifically in gas turbine hot end component protection. UK REACH (registration, evaluation, authorization, and restriction of chemicals) have given an end date of September 2024 for the use of hexavalent chromium and as such, the industry must adapt to these regulations. Indestructible Paint LTD have developed a new aluminium diffused slurry coating, CFIPAL, that does not contain hexavalent chromium like its predecessor, IP1041. Both CFIPAL and IP1041 were deposited onto Nimonic 75 alloy and underwent metallurgical and chemical analysis which included scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, hardness testing, contact angle testing, surface roughness testing and finally, salt spray corrosion testing. The results indicated that CFIPAL is a suitable alternative for hexavalent chromium-containing coatings, such as IP1041.
Influence of Laser Fusing Parameters on the Microstructure Evolution of Thermally Sprayed Self-Fluxing NiCrBSiFe Coatings
Authors: Preuß B. , Lindner T. , Töberling G. , Kaur S. , Lampke T. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Thermally sprayed coatings of self-fluxing alloys are mainly fused using an autogenous flame. This subsequent fusing step reduces the porosity of the coating and achieves a pronounced metallurgical bonding. Therefore, an enhancement of the coating adhesion and intersplat cohesion as well as the corrosion and wear resistance are achieved. During this non-automated fusing step, the coating quality is significantly influenced by the operator's handling of the flame fusing process. By means of an alternative fusing using laser, can improve the reproducibility and automatability. In this work, the effect of different laser parameter settings and structural defects on fusing depth, microstructure evolution and tribological properties of thermally sprayed self-fluxing coatings and bulk materials is discussed. Gas atomized powder of conventional NiCrBSiFe self-fluxing alloy was processed by powder flame spraying and by spark-plasma sintering (SPS) as reference state. The findings reveal the potential of laser fusing to achieve a significant improvement in the coating quality and property profile of a wide variety of initial structures related to the process conditions.
Microstructure Evolution and Oxidation Behavior of Thermal Barrier Coatings with Varying Cold Sprayed Bond Coats after Isothermal Heat Treatments
Authors: Dosta Sergi , Lima Carlos R. C. , Crespo Victor , Nin Jaume , Clavé Genis 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Bond coats are used to protect the superalloy from oxidation and to serve as a bond between the ceramic thermal barrier coating (TBC) layer and the superalloy. During high temperature exposures, a thermally grown oxide (TGO) layer forms between the bond coat and the topcoat due to oxygen diffusion, leading to coating failure in the components. This study aimed to investigate the microstructure evolution of three TBCs with different cold-sprayed bond coat alloys after undergoing isothermal heat treatments. The TBCs were heat treated at 1100 °C for durations of 12, 25, and 50 hours to observe the effects of temperature on the microstructure and phase distribution. The microstructure of heat-treated bond coat alloys was examined using scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. The findings are discussed in relation to the characteristics of the coating alloy and the application process.
Tribology Behavior of HVAF and HVOF Sprayed WC-CoCr Coatings on Light Alloys
Authors: Owoseni Tunji , Gupta Mohit , Mare Ingmar , Varis Tommi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Light alloys are being investigated as an alternative to ferrous-based engineering components. The manufacturing of such components requires a surface modification step necessary to eliminate the top surface's poor wear and corrosion response for improved functionality. Thermally sprayed cermet coatings offer improved surface resistance to wear and/or corrosion. This work presents a customized composition of WC-CoCr feedstock cut in fine and coarse powder size distribution (PSD) to fabricate different coatings on aluminium alloy and steel substrates using two high velocity spray techniques. The WC-CoCr coatings sprayed using the high velocity air-fuel (HVAF) technique at varied parameters consist of six different coatings (four thick, ~ 200 μm and two thin ones, 60-80 μm) to investigate the relationship between processing conditions, microstructure, and performance. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electro-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) offered a comprehensive characterization of the respective coatings. Micro indentation, dry sliding wear, dry sand abrasion, and cavitation erosion tests conducted on the samples show the performance of the coatings based on the processing techniques and spray conditions. However, despite the similarities in the microstructural makeup of the coatings and the measured micro indentation hardness of the coatings (1000-1300 HV0.1), their respective specific wear rate (SWR) varied based on spray processing techniques and the substrate on which the coatings were deposited. Three of the HVAF coatings showed ~ 60 % more wear on the aluminium alloy substrate compared to the same coating deposited on a steel substrate. However, irrespective of the substrate used the HVAF coatings showed better wear resistance than the HVOF coating. The dry sand abrasion wear results of the two thick HVAF coatings show them superior to the HVOF coating in the three-body wear experiment conducted. The cavitation erosion resistance of the coatings varied based on the processing conditions and the driving mechanisms but the best two were the AF-2 and AF-6 samples.
Optimization of the Ni-Coating Geometry and Microstructure of Large Surfaces by Laser Cladding on Cast-Iron Molds Used in Glass Industry
Authors: Bourahima F. , Lauridant T. , Guasch C. , Baudin Thierry , Helbert Anne-Laure 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In glass mold industry, a surface treatment by laser cladding of a Ni based powder on cast iron is performed with a 4-kW continuous diode laser. For this, a robot programming method named "Wavering" was used. This method allows to cover large surfaces (higher than 5 mm). The cast iron substrate used during this work is employed for its heat exchange properties in glass mold Industry. However, it has drawbacks which are weak wear, corrosion, and abrasion resistance. Conventional techniques used to protect the molds, like Plasma Transferred Arc (PTA), affect the molds microstructure, but also the thermal and mechanical properties. The laser cladding of the Ni based alloy allows to protect the molds without affecting the cast iron thermal properties (and reduce the Heat Affected Zone length). The purpose of this research is to produce a well bonded Ni based melted powder without pores or cracks on large and curvilinear surfaces with the wanted geometry. The impact of the process parameters such as laser power, scanning speed and frequency on the coating geometry was investigated with an experimental design technique using the ANOVA (Analysis of variance) method. It was used to determine and represent the influence of each process parameter on the coating geometry (width, height, and circularity). This ANOVA analysis led to a parameter combination to optimize the Ni coating and the cast iron substrate quality by considering the industrial geometrical constraints. The bonding quality and the cracking behavior are also investigated on optimized parameters. Finally, it appears that laser cladding process leads to a better coating on curvilinear surfaces than other process like PTA.
High-Speed Laser Melt Injection for Reinforcing Skin-Pass Rolls
Authors: Warneke P. , Bohlen A. , Seefeld T. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
With laser melt injection, metal matrix composite (MMC) layers can be generated on various tools. By using spherical fused tungsten carbide (SFTC) particles as reinforcing material, extremely wear-resistant MMC layers can be produced. However, due to low process speeds, the number of applications for laser melt injection was strongly limited until now. Therefore, a high-speed process for laser melt injection (HSLMI) was developed allowing process speeds up to 100 m/min and an efficient production of tools such as skin-pass rolls, accordingly. Skin-pass rolls are used for setting the final sheet thickness and surface texture. In this paper, new textures for skin-pass rolls generated by HSLMI are presented and characterized. Furthermore, it is studied how the texture of the roll is transferred to the sheet metal. For generating an increased high-low structure, laser ablation was carried out after HSLMI and grinding of the rolls. An analysis of the topography showed that different height differences between SFTC particles and matrix can be set. Furthermore, it was found that all textures were transferred from the roll to the sheet metal.
A recent systematic review of tailoring teacher autonomy through personality insights
Authors: Yasin Intan Rafidah , Abdul Razak Ahmad Zabidi , Abdullah Zuraidah 
Published: August 2024

Providing teachers autonomy that aligns with their personalities can foster a greater sense of ownership and commitment to their work, increasing student engagement and academic achievement. The relationship between teacher personality and professional autonomy in education is crucial for pedagogical effectiveness, job satisfaction, and student outcomes. Nonetheless, a gap persists in the current literature, underscoring a lack of thorough understanding of how personality influences educators' autonomy experiences. This systematic review tackles the need for a comprehensive understanding of various aspects of teacher autonomy and teacher personality insights. The primary objective of this systematic review is to explore and assess the literature on teacher autonomy through personality insights. Note that the flow of the study is based on the PRISMA framework. By analyzing a comprehensive selection using advanced searching approaches on Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases (n = 30), the final primary data was examined using mixed methods from the recent articles in the year of 2023. Expert scholars decided to develop four themes, which are [1] Autonomy Support and Academic Performance, [2] Teacher Well-being and Turnover, [3] Motivation and Teaching Style, and [4] Cross-cultural Perspectives on Autonomy. Therefore, future studies ought to investigate how different personalities affect teacher satisfaction, classroom dynamics, and student learning results to improve professional development and provide useful insights for educational policymakers and practitioners.
PELATIHAN PENGOLAHAN MAKANAN HASIL KEBUN GIZI ATAU BAHAN LOKAL DI TANJUNG HULU
Authors: Oktaviani Katarina Jeanne , Wedyawati Nelly , Mandala Fransiskus Tatik Naga Surya 
Published: August 2024

Abstrak: Desa Tanjung Hulu, Kecamatan Sepauk merupakan desa bimbingan Betang Pelita (BETTA)-mitra Wahana Visi Indonesia (WVI) dalam menangani kasus stunting dan nutrisi anak. Namun masih ditemukan 3 anak yang mengalami BGM dan 4 orang berat badan kurang.. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah memampukan orang tua balita, kader, tenaga kesehatan dan mitra lainnya untuk memiliki pengetahuan dari pengolahan makanan menu bahan lokal dari hasil kebun gizi di Desa Tanjung Hulu sebagai penunjang keberlanjutan program PMBA dan kebun gizi. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan ini adalah ceramah, demonstrasi dengan contoh dan praktik langsung. Kegiatan pelatihan ini dilaksanakan pada Jumat, 28 November 2023 di Polindes Desa Tanjung Hulu dengan jumlah peserta 26 orang yang terdiri 19 dari orang tua balita dan 7 orang kader. Berdasarkan kuesioner pre test da post test yang diberikan kepada 26 orang peserta terlihat mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan setelah pemberian materi dan praktik langsung dengan nilai rata-rata diawal yaitu 84 menjadi 95. Kegiatan ini berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan serta pemahaman peserta secara menyakinkan. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan pre test dan post test memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan dibuktikan dengan p value yang lebih kecil dari 0.05. Pengetahuan yang meningkat dapat mendukung peningkatan keterampilan peserta dalam mengolah makanan untuk menunjang variasi pengolahan makanan bagi anak.Kata Kunci: Pelatihan, Masak, Gizi, Bahan Lokal
A Study of Assisted Screening for Alzheimer’s Disease Based on Handwriting and Gait Analysis
Authors: Qi Hengnian , Zhu Xiaorong , Ren Yinxia , Zhang Xiaoya , Tang Qizhe , Zhang Chu , Lang Qing , Wang Lina 
Published: August 2024

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is not easily detected in the early stage. Handwriting and walking have been shown to be potential indicators of cognitive decline and are often affected by AD. Objective: This study proposes an assisted screening framework for AD based on multimodal analysis of handwriting and gait and explores whether using a combination of multiple modalities can improve the accuracy of single modality classification. Methods: We recruited 90 participants (38 AD patients and 52 healthy controls). The handwriting data was collected under four handwriting tasks using dot-matrix digital pens, and the gait data was collected using an electronic trail. The two kinds of features were fused as inputs for several different machine learning models (Logistic Regression, SVM, XGBoost, Adaboost, LightGBM), and the model performance was compared. Results: The accuracy of each model ranged from 71.95% to 96.17%. Among them, the model constructed by LightGBM had the best performance, with an accuracy of 96.17%, sensitivity of 95.32%, specificity of 96.78%, PPV of 95.94%, NPV of 96.74%, and AUC of 0.991. However, the highest accuracy of a single modality was 93.53%, which was achieved by XGBoost in gait features. Conclusions: The research results show that the combination of handwriting features and gait features can achieve better classification results than a single modality. In addition, the assisted screening model proposed in this study can achieve effective classification of AD, which has development and application prospects.
Perspectives on Neoadjuvant Clinical Trial Participation for Patients with Kidney Cancer: A Survey-Based Examination
Authors: Ntowe Koumani W. , McAdoo Sallie , Haas Naomi B. , Karam Jose A. , Lara Primo N. , Fashoyin-Aje Ibilola , Saraiya Biren P. , Maskens Deborah , Pickering Lisa , Master Viraj A. , Zhang Tian , Kaye Deborah R. 
Published: August 2024

Background: Kidney cancer is amongst the deadliest genitourinary malignancies. Neoadjuvant systemic therapy has the potential to improve survival and overall outcomes in select patients. Enrolling patients in trials of neoadjuvant treatment for kidney cancer is challenging, which limits neoadjuvant treatment development. Objective: This study aims to develop a better understanding of the barriers patients face in kidney cancer clinical trial participation, with a particular focus on neoadjuvant trials for renal cell carcinoma. Methods: From 2022–2023, we recruited participants with a history of kidney cancer through a Qualtrics survey that was sent to the Kidney Cancer Association (KCA) and Kidney Cancer Cure (KCCure) mailing lists and social media pages. Patient responses on demographics, clinical information, and perspectives were evaluated. Results: Ninety-four individuals completed the survey. Eighty-one percent of respondents reported not participating in clinical trials due to not being informed about potential applicable trials. Importantly, many (76%) respondents reported that prevention of cancer return was a highly important reason to participate in clinical trials. Most respondents reported a willingness to undergo a kidney biopsy (59%), and/or additional appointments (58%) and surgery delays. Conclusions: Increased patient awareness about clinical trials with the potential to delay cancer recurrence may increase patient participation in clinical trials. Clinical trial design, including additional appointments or interventions and/or minor surgery delays are not major barriers to trial participation.
The effect of core stability training combined with fascial release on patients with nonspecific low back pain
Authors: Liu Mingsheng , Huang Zhixiong , Wang Xiaoyun , You Pingdi , Cai Xiaying 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Non-specific lower back pain (NLBP) is treated with a variety of therapies, including health education, exercise therapy, soft tissue release, psychological interventions, and shockwave therapy. However, some studies have shown that core stability training or fascial release therapy alone is not effective in the treatment of low back pain. BJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of core stability training on patients’ inflammatory cytokine levels and lumbar muscle temperature when combined with fascial release for the treatment of non-specific low back pain. METHODS: In this study, a total of 60 patients with non-specific low back pain who were treated in Mindong Hospital of Ningde City between December 2021 and January 2023 were selected and randomly and equally divided into a control group (30 cases) and an experimental group (30 cases). The control group received core stability training, while the experimental group added fascial release surgery to this. We compared and assessed the pain visual analog score (VAS), Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI), lumbar spine mobility (including anterior flexion, posterior extension, left flexion, and right flexion), as well as levels of inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-a, and muscle tissue temperature in the two groups. RESULTS: This study has been successfully implemented and covered 60 patients throughout the trials. Upon comparison, the two groups did not show statistically significant differences in baseline data such as age, gender and duration of disease ([Formula: see text] 0.05). After four weeks of treatment, the test group showed statistically significant ([Formula: see text] 0.05) differences in VAS scores, ODI scores, and IL-6 and TNF-a levels that were significantly lower than those of the control group. It is worth mentioning that the muscle tissue temperature of the patients in the test group, as well as their performance in lumbar anterior flexion, posterior extension, left flexion, and right flexion mobility, were significantly better than those of the control group, and these differences also showed statistical significance ([Formula: see text] 0.05). CONCLUSION: The combination of core stability training and fascial release demonstrates significant clinical results in the treatment of nonspecific lower back pain. Through medical thermography and serum inflammatory factor testing, we were able to assess the treatment effect more objectively, providing a strong basis for future clinical practice.