bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sodium oxybate – new views on an old candidate This presentation will outline the outcome of a clinical development program, including a Phase 3 study, on sodium oxybate in the treatment of alcohol dependence
Authors: Guiraud J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Sodium oxybate (SMO) has shown efficacy in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) and in the maintenance of abstinence in alcohol dependent (AD) patients in a series of pilot randomized controlled trials. SMO is marketed in these indications in Italy and Austria since 1991 and 1999, respectively. To expand access to SMO for the treatment of AD in other EU countries and since regulatory standards have evolved, a clinical development and research project in accordance with regulatory guidelines has been initiated in the maintenance of abstinence to further support the already available data. Phase 2 and 3 studies in AD patients were conducted. Results of this development program showed efficacy of SMO in the maintenance of abstinence in AD patients. Since heterogeneity of SMO treatment effect between studies was identified, various analyses explored the potential moderators of SMO efficacy. SMO efficacy was larger in high-severity AD population and with longer treatment duration. SMO was well tolerated both in regular clinical use and in clinical trials.Disclosure of InterestJ. Guiraud Shareolder of: Vergio, Employee of: Vergio
Community Mental Health in Postgraduate Education of Psychiatrists and Public Health Professionals- A Proposal for a New Subspeciality
Authors: Polat I. , Karadag O. , Tiryakioglu Engin A. , Altıner Yas M. , Karazag B. O. , Coskun B. , Karabey S. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction“Community Mental Health (CMH)” is defined as policies and practices aimed at improving mental health of communities and promoting healthy societies. Community mental health issues require a multidisciplinary approach because of their complex pattern, in which social determinants play a direct role in both their causes and solutions. However, training of healthcare professionals on CMH issues is still inadequate in many countries.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to assess mental health and public health professionals’ awareness on CMH, as well as their opinion on the quality of their postgraduate education on CMH in Türkiye. The findings of this study are expected to provide guidance for the improvement of postgraduate education programs of psychiatry and public health.MethodsThe descriptive quantitative study was conducted with psychiatrists, public health physicians, and nurses with a postgraduate degree in Public Health or Psychiatric Nursing, who voluntarily participated by completing an online questionnaire. Data from a total of 131 physicians (43.5%) and nurses (56.5%) were analyzed by using the SPSS statistical package, where descriptive statistics, chi-square, t-test, and ANOVA were used.ResultsThe majority (65.6%) of participating physicians and nurses were employed in tertiary healthcare institutions, with the remainder working in other healthcare settings. While half of the healthcare professionals had CMH topics embedded in their postgraduate education curriculum, only 40% had practical training in Community Mental Health Centers. Only one third (37.4%) expressed confidence in their knowledge of CMH, while only one participant reported feeling adequately informed about CMH services at the central and provincial level in Türkiye. One-third of the participants suggested CMH to become a subspecialty for health professionals, emphasizing the need for dedicated theoretical and practical courses in postgraduate curricula of public health and psychiatry education. The study also highlighted a significant difference between nurses and physicians regarding their postgraduate curriculum and perceived knowledge on CMH.ConclusionsThe study revealed that postgraduate education on CMH is still limited in Türkiye, with more emphasis of CMH in psychiatric nursing education. The findings indicate that education programs need to be revised to include more practical training, including practicum in Community Mental Health Centers and that CMH can potentially become a subspecialty for public health professionals and psychiatrists. Conducting more comprehensive quantitative and qualitative studies on this subject, and enriching existing postgraduate education programs in terms of Community Mental Health, are of great importance for protecting and promoting community mental health.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Suicidality during treatment with serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
Authors: Da Fonseca Pinto I. , Elias de Sousa A. , Vieira-Coelho M. A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionTreatment choice when prescribing antidepressants for major depressive disorder (MDD) is often influenced by safety and tolerability profiles. A transient increase in suicidality following antidepressant treatment initiation is a key concern. Although rare, its unpredictability and consequences make them a significant worry. In 2004, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a “black-box” warning regarding a potential increase in suicidality in adolescents receiving antidepressant treatment for depression that was later expanded to include both young adults and a broader range of antidepressants.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to evaluate the risk of increased suicidality during the treatment with serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) in young adults with MDD.MethodsWe conducted a non-systematic literature search on PubMed using the combination of MeSH terms ([Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors] OR [Levomilnacipran] OR [Desvenlafaxine Succinate] OR [Venlafaxine Hydrochloride] OR [Duloxetine Hydrochloride]) AND [Suicide] AND [Young Adult], and the keywords [(“Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors” OR “Levomilnacipran” OR “Desvenlafaxine” OR “Venlafaxine” OR “Duloxetine”) AND (“Suicide” OR “treatment-emergent suicidal ideation”) AND (“Young” OR “Youth”)].ResultsA total of 31 manuscripts were retrieved and 6 were selected, 3 original research and 3 non-systematic reviews of randomized clinical trials. Only studies written in English that provided information about suicidality with SNRIs in young adults with MDD.Globally, studies show that not only antidepressants decrease the risk of suicide attempt in depressed patients, but also there is no evidence of an increased suicidality in young adults treated with SNRIs.Interestingly, one study showed that increasing suicidality could be related to side effects of the treatment, such as anxiety, agitation and irritability. The authors found that poor antidepressant response and greater severity of depression during follow-up were associated with treatment increasing suicidal ideation, as it was suggested in another study.Another study reinforced that there may be an emotional component to the activating effects produced by some antidepressants that could explain their controversial association with rare cases of suicidal ideation and behaviour.ConclusionsIn conclusion, growing evidence shows that antidepressants overall decrease the risk of suicide attempt in depressed patients. Therefore, reducing antidepressant use over the FDA concerns about increased suicidal tendencies in young patients may actually increase suicide risks due to inadequate treatment of depression. Additional studies are essential to further confirm the importance of early treatment for depression.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Suicidality and social cognition: the association between hypomentalizing and suicide lethality
Authors: Andreo-Jover J. , March K. , Fernández-Jiménez E. , Fernandez Fernandez J. , Garcia Fernandez A. , Lopez Peña M. P. , Ruiz Veguilla M. , Crespo Facorro B. , Garrido Torres N. , Cebria A. , Grande I. , Roberto N. , Ayad-Ahmed W. , Pemau Gurumeta A. , Garcia Ramos A. , Diaz-Marsa M. , Bravo-Ortiz M. F. , Palao-Tarrero A. , Perez-Sola V. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSuicide attempts (SA) leading to highly lethal consequences have been associated with heightened suicide planning (Barker et al., 2022), along with deficits in social cognition (Levi-Belz et al., 2022). Hypomentalizing, characterized by excessive uncertainty regarding mental states, may contribute to heightened social withdrawal and an increased risk of SA (Nestor & Sutherland, 2022). Although certain studies have identified a connection between hypomentalizing profiles and self-harm (Badoud et al., 2015), research into the lethality of SA remains limited.ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the association between hypomentalizing and SA lethality.MethodsOur study encompassed a cohort of 1,371 patients who committed a SA. We conducted assessments of mentalizing using the RFQ-8 instrument, and evaluations of suicidal ideation and behavior employing the CSRSS questionnaire. Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared using the T-student and Chi-square tests. To investigate the relationship between hypomentalizing and the SA lethality, we employed logistic regression models.ResultsDescriptive date are presented in Table 1. Our results show that hypomentalizing do not predict a higher SA lethality. Additionally, hypomentalizing increased the risk of SA planning (p≤0.001, B=-0.182), and SA planning predicted a higher SA lethality (see Table 2).Table 1.Means Comparison for low and high lethality (N=1371)
Low lethality N=539
High lethality N=832
p valueEffect sizeAge, mean (SD)38.65 (15.65)41.91 (15.37)≤0.001-0.209aFemale sex, N (%)392 (72.7)571 (68.6)0.1160.044bEducational years, mean (SD)12.45 (2.99)12.43 (3.41)0.8900.0076aEmployed, N (%)220 (41.2)332 (40)0.6920.012bSuicide Ideation, N (%)475 (88.1)742 (89.2)0.5410.016bSuicide Planning, N (%)159 (39.2)400 (58.1)≤0.0010.183bNumber of attempts, mean (SD)3.28 (5.48)3.63 (5.74)0.269-0.169aRFQ, mean (SD)4.68 (1.27)4.56 (1.32)0.0870.095aTable 2.Logistic regression analyses for high SA lethality (N=1371).
Univariate analysisMultivariate analysisOR
p valueORp valueAge1.014 (1.007-1.021)≤0.0011.014 (1.005-1.022)0.001Female sex0.820 (0.646-1.042)0.105Educational years0.998 (0.965-1.031)0.890Employed0.952 (0.763-1.187)0.660Suicide ideation1.111 (0.790-1.562)0.545Suicide planning2.150 (1.674-2.761)≤0.0012.183 (1.697-2.808)≤0.001Number SA1.012 (0.990-1.034)0.277RFQ0.929 (0.854-1.011)0.088ConclusionsWhile the association between hypomentalizing and high SA lethality was not significant, a discernible trend toward such relationship can be noted. Further studies examining the moderating effects of planning in the association between hypomentalizing and SA lethality are required.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The perspective of psychiatric nurses by the European Psychiatric Nurses (Horatio)
Authors: Kilkku N. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the health care system, nurses are often the biggest professional group and therefore their role is important in the development of service system to meet the current needs of support and help in mental health. Novel solutions are needed, solutions which are not only developed between the professionals, but in collaboration with the people seeking for help, family members, other social networks, and different service providers, like NGOs. Human rights and community-based approaches are guiding this development together with the principles of recovery approach. At the same time there are challenges to overcome, like the shortage of professionals, which also demand new kind of collaboration and solutions to make the field of mental health attractive for future professionals and to support the retention of those who are working in practice at the moment. In the joint symposium the viewpoint of mental health/psychiatric nurses on these issues will be presented.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The Role of Personalization in Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy During the Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Buwalda V. J. J. A. , Jansen B. , van Gisbergen M. , Rashnoodi S. R. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIn Cue-Exposure-Therapy (CET), clients are exposed to triggers through objects, people and environments that arouse craving (Sinha et al. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2009;34 1198–1208). Virtual Reality Exposure therapy (VRET) is used to experience these triggers in a realistic, safe, and personalized way. VR has been used successfully in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. It has not yet been developed and sufficiently tested as an adjuvant in the clinical post-detoxification phase of treatment of alcohol use disorders (AUD) (e.g. Bordnick et al. Addict.Behav 2008;33 743-756; Hone-Blanchet et al. Front.Hum.Neurosci. 2014; 8(844) 1-15). Additionally, these treatment methods have been tested for effect, but not for effectiveness around different VR technologies (Ghita & Gutierrez-Maldonado. Addict.Behav 2018; 81 1-11; ). This study focuses on VRET-Recovry to examine to what extent VR worlds could be personalized in an effective manner to help treat AUD as well as clarifying on the ways in which the VR worlds could be optimized to achieve its goal.ObjectivesThe primary objectives of this study are to assess the necessity of personalization in VR environments for AUD treatment, identify the critical elements for personalization, and examine their impact on craving in AUD patients.MethodsThe study included 10 AUD patients diagnosed according to DSM-V criteria, aged between 18 and 65, who were in the final week of clinical detoxification at a large addiction clinic in The Netherlands. A controlled experiment was conducted using the Recovry 1.0 VR system on Samsung Gear VR and Samsung Galaxy S9. The experiment involved exposure to various VR scenes (CG and 360o), including a neutral setting, a bar scene, and a home situation, with the duration and sequence controlled by a therapist. Data collection consisted of pre- and post-exposure questionnaires, heart rate and blood pressure measurements, and interviews.ResultsCraving was remarkably low in the VR bar scene, primarily due to its unsociable context, limited alcohol visibility, and absence of peer pressure. Technical limitations, such as suboptimal resolution, also affected the feeling of presence. Positive results were shown that craving was predominantly stimulated in the apartment scene, driven by the presence of alcohol-related visual cues and social elements, resembling relaxed drinking with others.ConclusionsThis study underscores that some degree of personalization is needed on all craving dimensions with clear preference was given to CG or 360°. The environments were dependent on the personal history and associations they represent to different levels of alcohol visibility (messy or clean), and types of drink (based on past drinking behavior), and different emotional contexts are needed (positive and negative).Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The effect of catastrophising on health-related quality of life in two chronic somatic illness groups among Hungarian adolescents
Authors: Klein M. , Török S. , Papp Z. , Kökönyei G. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPsychological factors, such as emotional regulation strategies, play a crucial role in the management and care of chronic somatic health conditions among adolescents. In the existing literature, catastrophising has been associated negatively with health-related quality of life in the context of chronic health conditions in general. However, there is limited knowledge about its role in specific illness types.ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the impact of catastrophising on the health-related quality of life in two distinct illness groups: diabetes and oncology, within a Hungarian sample.MethodsA cross-sectional study using self-report measures was carried out, involving a total of 273 adolescents (mean age: 14.72 years, SD: 1,82 years; 50.2% females) in the two paediatric samples. The diabetes group consisted of 171 participants, while the oncology group was comprised of 102 individuals. No significant differences were found between the two chronic condition groups in terms of gender (χ2 = 116.51; p = 0.50), or mean age (F(-0.82; 0.77) = 1.66; p = 0.19). The short-version of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ-short) was used to assess the cognitive emotional regulation strategies of the children, specifically focusing on the catastrophising subscale. Health-related quality of life was measured using the 4.0 version of the PedsQL, which included subscales for Physical, Emotional, Social, and School Functioning.ResultsA Hayes-moderation analysis with an interaction effect was conducted, controlling for gender, age, and the duration of the illness. A significant interaction effect was observed between catastrophising and the illness groups, impacting School Functioning (F(1, 243) = 4.17; p = 0.04), Physical Functioning (F(1, 245) = 4.67; p = 0.03), Social Functioning (F(1, 245) = 4,23; p = 0.04), and Emotional Functioning (F(1, 245) = 4.20; p = 0.04). The association between catastrophising and health-related quality of life remained stronger in the oncology group.ConclusionsCatastrophising appears to be a risk factor that affects the quality of life of children facing oncology illnesses. Therefore, addressing catastrophising in interventions tailored to this paediatric illness group may be beneficial.Keywords: catastrophising, health-related quality of life, adolescents, chronic somaticThis study was supported by the Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office (K143764).Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Progressive grey matter atrophy in adolescents with major depressive disorder revealed by causal structural covariance network
Authors: Chen J. , Jin X. , Gao J. , Zhang Y. , Bai C. , Xu F. , Yao Y. , Yu D. , Yang Y. , Zhang W. , Zhu X. , Wang K. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAdolescence is a period marked by highest vulnerability to the onset of depression, with profound implications for adult health. Neuroimaging studies have revealed considerable atrophy in brain structure in these patients with depression. Of particular importance are regions responsible for cognitive control, reward, and self-referential processing. However, the causal structural networks underpinning brain region atrophies in adolescents with depression remain unclear.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the temporal course and causal relationships of gray matter atrophy within the brains of adolescents with depression.MethodsWe analyzed T1-weighted structural images using voxel-based morphometry in first-episode adolescent patients with depression (n=80, 22 males; age = 15.57±1.78) and age, gender matched healthy controls (n=82, 25 males; age = 16.11±2.76) to identify the disease stage-specific gray matter abnormalities. Then, with granger causality analysis, we arranged the patients’ illness duration chronologically to construct the causal structural covariance networks that investigated the causal relationships of those atypical structures.ResultsCompared to controls, smaller volumes in ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), middle cingulate cortex (MCC) and insula areas were identified in patients with less than 1 year illness duration, and further progressed to the subgenual ACC, regions of default, frontoparietal networks in longer duration. Causal network results revealed that dACC, vmPFC, MCC and insula were prominent nodes projecting exerted positive causal effects to regions of the default mode and frontoparietal networks. The dACC, vmPFC and insula also had positive projections to the reward network, which included mainly the thalamus, caudate and putamen, while MCC also exerted a positive causal effect on the insula and thalamus.ConclusionsThese findings revealed the progression of structural atrophy in adolescent patients with depression and demonstrated the causal relationships between regions involving cognitive control, reward and self-referential processes.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The Kids are not alright - When did we start getting more more distressed?
Authors: Glozier N. , Morris R. , Botha F. , Butterworth P. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionMuch has been made of the decline in population mental health over COVID but most studies show this just exacerabted a loing term trend This has predominnatly been attributed to changes in adolescent mental health over the past decade but there ahs been little evalaution of whether this post Millenium cohort was the first to demonstrate such a declineObjectivesThis study investigates to what extent mental differs in people born in different decades – i.e., possible birth cohort differences in the mental health of the popualtion over the past two decades To remove the linear dependency and identify any differences in trends between cohorts, we model mental health for each cohort as a nonlinear smooth function of age in an age-cohort model.MethodsThis analysis draws on 20 annual waves of the Household Income and Labour Dynamic in Australia (HILDA) survey.,is a nationally representative household panel that commenced in 2001 with 13,969 participants. The birth cohort of each person was defined by the decade of birth year(1940s, 1950s, etc). Mental ill health was assessed with the MHI5 from the SF36, in each wave and K10 from alternate waves. We estimate and compare penalized smooth trends in mental health for each cohort using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) using generalized additive mixed modelling (GAMM). Cohort effects are captured by directly estimating the differences between the smooth age trends of adjacent cohorts.ResultsLater cohorts were more likely to have poorer mental health, higher distress, more likely to be single and unemployed, and less likely to be chronically ill or disabled. Mental health was worse for younger age-groups in each survey year, and this discrepancy is much greater in more recent surveys - consistent with a birth cohort effect. Millennials (those born in the early 1990s) had a lower score at the same age as earlier generations, and the later cohorts do not show the age-related improvement seen in other earlier cohorts as they aged. At age 30 the average MHI-5 score of those born in the 1990s was 67, compared to 72.5 and 74 for people born in the 1980s and 1970s.ConclusionsThe deterioration in mental health over time which has been reported in large cross-sectional surveys, likely reflects cohort-specific effects related to the experiences of young people born in the Millennial generation and, to a lesser extent, those from the immediately prior cohort born in the1980s. We need to understand whether later cohorts are less resilient to similar risk factors experienced by earlier cohorts or whether they experience more and/or a greater severity of risks for mental ill-health. Such evidence is critical if the deteriorating pattern of mental health is to be arrested.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared