bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute gastrointestinal illness in adults in Germany: a population-based telephone survey
Authors: WILKING H. , SPITZNAGEL H. , WERBER D. , LANGE C. , JANSEN A. , STARK K. 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYPopulation-based estimates of incidence and risk factors for acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) are important for infectious disease surveillance and healthcare planning. We conducted a nationwide representative cross-sectional telephone survey of 21 262 adults over a 12-month period during 2008–2009 in Germany. Participants were asked if they had either AGI-related diarrhoea or vomiting in a 4-week recall period. We estimated 0·95 episodes/person per year (95% confidence interval 0·90–0·99), corresponding to 64·9 million episodes of AGI annually in adults, which results in 24·5 million outpatient visits, 19·9 million hospital days and 63·2 million days of work lost. We observed an overall declining trend of AGI with increasing age. Diarrhoea was more often reported than vomiting. The mean duration of illness was 3·8 days and did not differ between age groups. Social factors seemed to be weak predictors compared to state of health and health behaviour characteristics. This study allows international comparisons and contributes to the estimation of the global burden of AGI.
Dengue surveillance by proxy: travellers as sentinels for outbreaks in the Pacific Islands
Authors: LAU C. L. , WEINSTEIN P. , SLANEY D. 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYSensitive surveillance systems are crucial for effective control of infectious disease outbreaks, and regional surveillance could provide valuable data to supplement global systems, improve sensitivity and timeliness of reporting, or capture otherwise undetected outbreaks. In New Zealand (NZ), there are no endemic arboviral diseases in humans, and the majority of dengue cases are imported from neighbouring Pacific Islands where comprehensive surveillance systems are under development. From 1997 to 2009, 679 cases of dengue were reported in NZ (74·2% acquired from the Pacific Islands), and the patterns of reported incidence of dengue acquired from different islands closely reflected local reported incidence in those areas. NZ is therefore in a unique position to provide early alerts on dengue outbreaks in the Pacific Islands. Such a strategy would reduce disease burden in both the Pacific Islands and NZ, and provide a model for transnational collaboration in disease surveillance with regional as well as global benefits.
Effect of mouse cumulus cells on the in vitro maturation and developmental potential of bovine denuded germinal vesicle oocytes
Authors: Zhao Xue-Ming , Ren Jing-Jing , Du Wei-Hua , Hao Hai-Sheng , Liu Yan , Qin Tong , Wang Dong , Zhu Hua-Bin 
Published: February 2013

SummaryWe investigated the effect mouse cumulus cells (mCCs) on the in vitro maturation (IVM) and developmental potential of bovine denuded germinal vesicle oocytes (DOs). Cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs), DOs and DOs cocultured with either mCCs (DOs + mCCs) or bovine cumulus cells (bCCs; DOs + bCCs) were subjected to IVM. The meiosis II (MII) rates of DOs, glutathione (GSH) contents, zona pellucida (ZP) hardening and parthenogenetic blastocyst rates of MII oocytes were determined. The relative expression levels of bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP-15) and growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF-9) in MII oocytes were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). mCCs significantly increased the MII rate of DOs from 53.5 ± 3.58% to 69.67 ± 4.72% (p < 0.05) but had no effect on the GSH content (2.17 ± 0.31 pmol/oocyte with mCCs, 2.14 ± 0.53 pmol/oocyte without mCCs). For the DOs + mCCs group, the BMP-15 and GDF-9 expression levels were significantly higher and the ZP dissolution time was significantly lower (162.49 ± 12.51 s) than that of the DOs group (213.95 ± 18.87 s; p < 0.05). The blastocyst rate of the DOs + mCCs group (32.56 ± 4.94%) was similar to that of the DOs group (31.75 ± 3.65%) but was significantly lower than that of the COCs group (43.52 ± 5.37%; p < 0.05). In conclusion, mCCs increased the MII rate of DOs and expression of certain genes in MII oocytes, and decreased the ZP hardening of MII oocytes, but could not improve their GSH content or developmental potential.
Selection of developmentally competent immature equine oocytes with brilliant cresyl blue stain prior to in vitro maturation with equine growth hormone
Authors: Pereira Gabriel R. , Lorenzo Pedro L. , Carneiro Gustavo F. , Bilodeau-Goeseels Sylvie , Kastelic John P. , Esteller-Vico Alejandro , Lopez-Bejar Manel , Liu Irwin K.M. 
Published: February 2013

SummaryImmature oocytes synthesize a variety of proteins that include the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH). Brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) is a vital blue dye that assesses intracellular activity of G6PDH, an indirect measure of oocyte maturation. The objective was to evaluate the BCB test as a criterion to assess developmental competence of equine oocytes and to determine if equine growth hormone (eGH) enhanced in vitro maturation (IVM) of equine oocyte. Cumulus–oocytes complexes (COCs) were recovered by aspirating follicles <30 mm in diameter from abattoir-derived ovaries and were evaluated morphologically. Thereafter, COCs were exposed to BCB (26 μM) for 90 min at 39°C and selected based on the colour of their cytoplasm (BCB positive/BCB+ or BCB negative/BCB–). The COCs were allocated as follows: (a) IVM medium; (b) eGH group; (c) BCB–/IVM; (d) BCB+/IVM; (e) BCB–/eGH; and (f) BCB+/eGH. Then, COCs were cultured in vitro for 30 h, at 39°C in a 5%CO2 humidified air atmosphere. Cumulus-free oocytes were incubated in 10 μg/ml of bis-benzamide for 20 min at 39°C and nuclear maturation was evaluated with epifluorescence microscopy. Of the 39 COCs selected morphologically and subjected to BCB staining, 18/39 (46.2%) were classified as BCB+ and 21/39 (53.8%) as BCB– (P > 0.05). Maturation was not affected significantly by BCB classification, but the maturation rate was higher for oocytes that had been exposed to exogenous eGH versus controls (16/28, 57.1% versus 8/26, 30.8%, P < 0.05). In the present study, the BCB test was not useful for predicting competent equine oocytes prior to IVM. However, eGH enhanced equine oocyte maturation in vitro.
Everyday Cognition in Older Adults: Associations with Neuropsychological Performance and Structural Brain Imaging
Authors: Farias Sarah Tomaszewski , Park Lovingly Quitania , Harvey Danielle J. , Simon Christa , Reed Bruce R. , Carmichael Owen , Mungas Dan 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe recently developed Everyday Cognition scales (ECog) measure multiple cognitively relevant functional domains (e.g., Everyday Memory, Everyday Language, Everyday Visuospatial abilities, and three everyday executive domains). The present study further evaluated the validity of the ECog by examining its relationship with objective measures of neuropsychological function, and neurobiological markers of disease as reflected by structural neuroimaging. Participants included 474 older adults (244 normals, 142 with MCI, 88 with dementia). The neuropsychological domains measured were episodic memory, semantic memory, spatial ability, and executive functioning. Brain MRI volumes included total brain (BV), hippocampus (HC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Neuropsychological measures of episodic memory and executive function were most consistently related to the ECog domains; spatial abilities had a specific relationship to the Everyday Visuospatial ECog domain. HC and BV volumes were related to most ECog domains, while DLPFC volume was independently related to two everyday executive domains (Everyday Planning and Everyday Organization). The pattern of associations varied somewhat as a function of diagnosis. Episodic memory and HC had more consistent associations with the ECog domains in older adults with MCI/dementia than in cognitively normal elderly. (JINS, 2013,19, 1–12)
Anaemia and iron deficiency between 2003 and 2007 in Amazonian children under 2 years of age: trends and associated factors
Authors: Granado Fernanda Serra , Augusto Rosangela Aparecida , Muniz Pascoal Torres , Cardoso Marly Augusto ,   the ACTION Study Team
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo describe trends in the prevalence of anaemia and Fe deficiency in children under 2 years of age living in a town in western Brazilian Amazonia.DesignTemporal analysis of two cross-sectional population-based surveys. Information on socio-economic status, morbidity and breast-feeding was obtained using a structured questionnaire. Child weight and length were measured for anthropometric evaluation. Concentrations of blood Hb, plasma ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor were measured.SettingThe town of Acrelândia, state of Acre, north-west Brazil.SubjectsA total of 170 and 224 participants of the 2003 and 2007 surveys, respectively.ResultsComparison between the 2003 and 2007 surveys revealed no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of anaemia (48 (95 % CI 39, 56) % to 40 (95 % CI 33, 47) %) or Fe-deficiency anaemia (39 (95 % CI 30, 48) % to 37 (95 % CI 30, 45) %), respectively. However, an increase in the overall prevalence of Fe deficiency from 62 (95 % CI 51, 68) % to 81 (95 % CI 75, 86) % was observed (χ2 test, P ≤ 0·001). In age- and sex-adjusted analyses for risk of Fe deficiency, only early introduction of cow's milk (<90 d) was associated with Fe deficiency in 2003 (prevalence ratio (PR) = 0·76; 95 % CI 0·57, 1·01), while caesarean section (PR = 1·18; 95 % CI 1·03, 1·35) and birth weight <3500 g (PR = 1·15; 95 % CI 1·00, 1·34) were associated with Fe deficiency in 2007.ConclusionsNo improvements were observed in the prevalence of anaemia, exposing a worrying scenario for public health, while a significant increase was found in the prevalence of Fe deficiency in the studied infants and toddlers.
Relationship of white potato to other vegetable consumption by schoolchildren and adolescents in the USA: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003–2008
Authors: Olsho Lauren EW , Fernandes Meenakshi M 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectiveIntake of white potatoes in and out of school was estimated to provide context for a recent proposal by the US Department of Agriculture to limit provision of white potatoes in US school meals.DesignMean daily servings of white potatoes and other vegetables consumed in and out of school for school-aged children were estimated from two days of 24 h dietary recall data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). Total energy intake and percentage energy contribution from discretionary oils and solid fats were also estimated for all white potato dishes consumed.SettingThe NHANES is nationally representative of the US civilian non-institutionalized population.SubjectsChildren and adolescents aged 6–19 years (n8466) from three combined NHANES cycles (2003–2004, 2005–2006 and 2007–2008).ResultsWhite potatoes represented 32 % of all vegetable servings consumed by US children and adolescents. Preparations high in fats and oils, including French fries, were most popular both in and out of school. Mean consumption of white potatoes obtained from school cafeterias was approximately 0·05 servings/d among all children and adolescents, and about 0·15 servings/d among children and adolescents acquiring at least one item from the school cafeteria, implying current weekly intake levels well below the limit of 2 servings/week proposed by the US Department of Agriculture.ConclusionsAlthough white potatoes represent a substantial proportion of vegetable consumption among school-aged children, it is unclear that proposed limits would influence white potato intake from school cafeterias. Policy makers should consider targeting preparation methods to improve the healthfulness of white potato dishes.
Analysis of oxysterols and cholesterol in prefrontal cortex of suicides
Authors: Freemantle Erika , Chen Gary Gang , Cruceanu Cristiana , Mechawar Naguib , Turecki Gustavo 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Brain oxysterol levels, which are enzymatic oxidation products of cholesterol (Chl), have been proposed to reflect the dynamic process of physiological synapse maintenance and repair of nerve terminals within the central nervous system (CNS), due to the turnover of membrane Chl. Modifications of oxysterols have important implications in neurological conditions, especially in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders in which alterations of synaptic plasticity or cell signalling are implicated, such as depression. Oxysterols can diffuse across the blood–brain barrier and have been hypothesized to provide a mechanism by which the brain can eliminate excess Chl to maintain a steady state. Relations of 24-hydroxycholesterol (24OH) and 27-hydroxycholesterol (27OH) specifically may provide a depiction of CNS Chl homeostasis. Thus, the objective of this study was to integrate oxysterol measures and gene expression measures in an effort to identify how they may relate to depression and suicide. Using post-mortem human prefrontal cortex tissue, quantification of metabolites by GC–MS and gene expression by qRT-PCR were performed with the aim to provide a characterization of enzymatic oxidative Chl homeostasis. Results show a significant increase in 24OH, which suggests a higher turnover of Chl to 24OH in the prefrontal cortex of suicide cases. An increase in 24OH may, in combination with liver-X receptor activation, explain the observed reduction of low central and peripheral Chl in suicide and would have implications for synapse maintenance and loss in the neuropathology of depression and suicide.
“Why We Sing”: David Mahler's Communities
Authors: BEAL AMY C. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAmerican composer David Mahler (b. 1944) has nurtured a career that is independent, diverse, and hard to classify. Democratic, inclusive, and community oriented, Mahler thinks deeply about sound in specific environments, and how music gets made, both by amateurs and professionals. Mahler's work is thus integrally connected to places, to the people in them, and to the songs those people sing. He is influenced and inspired by U.S. traditions of band music arrangements, the ragtime of Joseph Lamb, the songs of Stephen Foster, the bitonality of Charles Ives, the simple harmonic motion of classic minimalism, and the indeterminacy of John Cage. His teachers included Harold Budd, Morton Subotnick, and James Tenney, and he has been an important influence on many composers of his generation, including Michael Byron, Peter Garland, Larry Polansky, Thom Miller, and Stuart Dempster. Defining himself as a “Listener-in-Residence,” he has composed, performed, taught, organized, and directed, all while remaining almost completely unaffiliated with academic institutions. This article provides a portrait of Mahler's career in the context of the communities that have shaped his work and explores how his music responds to the world around him.
Doubled Selves: Eleanor Powell and the MGM Backstage Musical, 1935–37
Authors: ROBBINS ALLISON 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBeginning in the mid-1930s, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios released a series of backstage musicals starring Eleanor Powell, a dancer known for her tuxedoes as well as her virtuosic tapping. Powell's tap routines are in and of themselves commanding, with her male dress seeming to originate from her confidence and the masculine aura of tap dance. Yet it is the narratives of her films, inspired by the so-called Cinderella stage musicals of the 1920s, that hold the key to her tuxedoed performances. MGM's backstage stories feature a young dancer, who dreams of Broadway stardom, and her show business boyfriend, who expresses reservations about her desire to perform. This tension between the couple's burgeoning romance and her desire for a stage career shapes the costumes, choreography, music, and camerawork of the show-within-the-film production number; ultimately, Powell's character impersonates her boyfriend in order to achieve theatrical success, a performance that illuminates a Depression-era understanding of a woman's place in show business as well as the backstage musical's “doubled” approach to narrative and number.
Zinc-dependent lysosomal enlargement in TRPML1-deficient cells involves MTF-1 transcription factor and ZnT4 (Slc30a4) transporter
Authors: Kukic Ira , Lee Jeffrey K. , Coblentz Jessica , Kelleher Shannon L. , Kiselyov Kirill 
Published: February 2013

Zinc is critical for a multitude of cellular processes, including gene expression, secretion and enzymatic activities. Cellular zinc is controlled by zinc-chelating proteins and by zinc transporters. The recent identification of zinc permeability of the lysosomal ion channel TRPML1 (transient receptor potential mucolipin 1), and the evidence of abnormal zinc levels in cells deficient in TRPML1, suggested a role for TRPML1 in zinc transport. In the present study we provide new evidence for such a role and identify additional cellular components responsible for it. In agreement with the previously published data, an acute siRNA (small interfering RNA)-driven TRPML1 KD (knockdown) leads to the build-up of large cytoplasmic vesicles positive for LysoTracker™ and zinc staining, when cells are exposed to high concentrations of zinc. We now show that lysosomal enlargement and zinc build-up in TRPML1-KD cells exposed to zinc are ameliorated by KD of the zinc-sensitive transcription factor MTF-1 (metal-regulatory-element-binding transcription factor-1) or the zinc transporter ZnT4. TRPML1 KD is associated with a build-up of cytoplasmic zinc and with enhanced transcriptional response of mRNA for MT2a (metallothionein 2a). TRPML1 KD did not suppress lysosomal secretion, but it did delay zinc leak from the lysosomes into the cytoplasm. These results underscore a role for TRPML1 in zinc metabolism. Furthermore, they suggest that TRPML1 works in concert with ZnT4 to regulate zinc translocation between the cytoplasm and lysosomes.
A novel rheo-optical device for studying complex fluids in a double shear plate geometry
Authors: Boitte Jean-Baptiste , Vizcaïno Claude , Benyahia Lazhar , Herry Jean-Marie , Michon Camille , Hayert Murielle 
Published: February 2013

A new rheo-optical shearing device was designed to investigate the structural evolution of complex material under shear flow. Seeking to keep the area under study constantly within the field of vision, it was conceived to produce shear flow by relying on the uniaxial translation of two parallel plates. The device features three modes of translation motion: step strain (0.02–320), constant shear rate (0.01–400 s−1), and oscillation (0.01–20 Hz) flow. Because the temperature is controlled by using a Peltier module coupled with a water cooling system, temperatures can range from 10 to 80 °C. The sample is loaded onto a user-friendly plate on which standard glasses can be attached with a depression vacuum pump. The principle innovation of the proposed rheo-optical shearing device lies in the fact that this suction system renders the microscopy glasses one with the plates, thereby ensuring their perfect planarity and parallelism. The gap width between the two plates can range from 0 to 5 mm. The device was designed to fit on any inverted confocal laser scanning microscope. In terms of controlled deformation, the conception and technical solutions achieve a high level of accuracy. Moreover, user-friendly software has been developed to control both shear flow parameters and temperature. The validation of specifications as well as the three modes of motion was carried out, first of all without a sample, and then by tracking fluorescent particles in a model system, in our case a micro-gel. Real values agreed well with those we targeted. In addition, an experiment with bread dough deformation under shear flow was initiated to gain some insight into the potential use of our device. These results show that the RheOptiCAD® promises to be a useful tool to better understand, from both a fundamental and an industrial point of view, the rheological behavior of the microstructure of complex fluids under controlled thermo-mechanical parameters in the case of food and non-food systems.
Ab initio quantum study of the photodynamics and absorption spectrum for the coupled 11A2 and 11B1 states of SO2
Authors: Lévêque Camille , Komainda Adrian , Taïeb Richard , Köppel Horst 
Published: February 2013

The nonadiabatic photoinduced dynamics occurring in the coupled 11A2 and 11B1 excited states of SO2 is investigated using ab initio quantum dynamical methods. To this end, large scale calculations of the potential energy surfaces have been carried out at the multireference configuration interaction level. All vibrational degrees of freedom of the molecule are considered in the potential energy surface calculations and the quantum dynamical treatment. To deal with the symmetry-allowed conical intersection which occurs between the potential energy surfaces, we use the diabatic picture in the framework of regularized diabatic states. Wave-packet propagation on the coupled surfaces was performed and allowed to reproduce with good accuracy the complex absorption band observed experimentally in the 29 000–42 000 cm−1 range. This provides a basis for a subsequent theoretical treatment of the high order harmonic spectra of SO2.
Independent Estimates of Catch by Private and Public Access Fishers Avoid Between‐Group Sources of Error in a Recreational Fishing Survey
Authors: Ashford Julian R. , Jones Cynthia M. , Fegley Lynn 
Published: February 2013

AbstractMany recreational fishing surveys assume that fishers who use private or public property to gain access to the fishery behave similarly, but divergent behavior may result in bias and excessive error due to between‐group variation. In a 2002 survey of the recreational catch of blue crab Callinectes sapidus in Maryland, we interviewed waterfront property households by telephone and sampled public access boat ramps to obtain independent estimates of private and public access catch and effort. Waterfront property households caught more crabs than fishers from public boat ramps but achieved this only by using effort over an order of magnitude larger. They maintained a consistent catch from July to September, whereas catch from public access sites showed a well‐defined peak in August. Estimating catch independently for private and public access avoided bias and between‐group error generated by such differences. As a result, independent estimation of catch by private and public access users is a useful option for marine recreational surveys, under the conditions of significant and exclusive private access, large public access bias, and low correlation between effort and catch.