bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rocking dizziness and headache: A two-way street
Authors: Cha Yoon-Hee , Cui Yongyan 
Published: May 2013

Background Chronic rocking dizziness, often described as the feeling of being on a boat, is classically triggered by prolonged exposure to passive motion. Patients with this motion-triggered sensation of rocking, which is also known as mal de debarquement syndrome, often develop new onset headaches along with the dizziness. Chronic rocking dizziness has also been noted in vestibular migraine, occurring without a motion trigger. We sought to clarify the association between both motion-triggered (MT) and non-motion-triggered (non-MT) chronic rocking dizziness and headache history. Methods Our methods included questionnaire and interview study of subjects with either MT or non-MT chronic rocking dizziness. Results Onset of headaches was earlier in patients with non-MT rocking dizziness (median 26 years: MT; 16 years: non-MT). In MT subjects, there was a bimodal peak of age of onset of headache (20–29 years and 40–49 years). Most headache met criteria for migraine in both groups. By the time that chronic dizziness occurred, both groups had a comparable prevalence of migraine headache (41%: MT; 46%: non-MT). Pre-existing headache usually worsened after the onset of dizziness. Discussion Though rocking dizziness does not meet current criteria for vestibular migraine, migraine physiology may predispose to, develop in, or worsen with the onset of chronic rocking dizziness.
Hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel enhances neuronal survival in spinal cord slice cultures from postnatal mice
Authors: Schizas Nikos , Rojas Ramiro , Kootala Sujit , Andersson Brittmarie , Pettersson Jennie , Hilborn Jons , Hailer Nils P 
Published: May 2013

Numerous biomaterials based on extracellular matrix-components have been developed. It was our aim to investigate whether a hyaluronic acid–based hydrogel improves neuronal survival and tissue preservation in organotypic spinal cord slice cultures. Organotypic spinal cord slice cultures were cultured for 4 days in vitro (div), either on hyaluronic acid–based hydrogel (hyaluronic acid–gel group), collagen gel (collagen group), directly on polyethylene terephthalate membrane inserts (control group), or in the presence of soluble hyaluronic acid (soluble hyaluronic acid group). Cultures were immunohistochemically stained against neuronal antigen NeuN and analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Histochemistry for choline acetyltransferance, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and Griffonia simplicifolia isolectin B4 followed by quantitative analysis was performed to assess motorneurons and different glial populations. Confocal microscopic analysis showed a 4-fold increase in the number of NeuN-positive neurons in the hyaluronic acid–gel group compared to both collagen ( p < 0.001) and control groups ( p < 0.001). Compared to controls, organotypic spinal cord slice cultures maintained on hyaluronic acid–based hydrogel showed 5.9-fold increased survival of choline acetyltransferance-positive motorneurons ( p = 0.008), 2-fold more numerous resting microglial cells in the white matter ( p = 0.031), and a 61.4% reduction in the number of activated microglial cells within the grey matter ( p = 0.05). Hyaluronic acid–based hydrogel had a shear modulus (G′) of ≈1200 Pascals (Pa), which was considerably higher than the ≈25 Pa measured for collagen gel. Soluble hyaluronic acid failed to improve tissue preservation. In conclusion, hyaluronic acid–based hydrogel improves neuronal and – most notably – motorneuron survival in organotypic spinal cord slice cultures and microglial activation is limited. The positive effects of hyaluronic acid–based hydrogel may at least in part be due to its mechanical properties.
Endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes post acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Lumsden Natalie G , Andrews Karen L , Bobadilla Maria , Moore Xiao L , Sampson Amanda K , Shaw James A , Mizrahi Jacques , Kaye David M , Dart Anthony M , Chin-Dusting Jaye PF 
Published: May 2013

This single visit study examined whether endothelial function, in addition to cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and plasma microparticle content, was normalised in 15 patients with type 2 diabetes + acute coronary syndrome (ACS) (6 weeks–6 months post cardiac event) undergoing standard clinical care compared to 16 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. Results: While total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were well controlled in the patients with type 2 diabetes + ACS, residual CV risk profiles such as increased body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure, glucose levels and triglycerides and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were still apparent. Endothelium-dependent responses to acetylcholine (ACh) were significantly lower in type 2 diabetes + ACS patients compared to controls. Correspondingly, the reactive hyperaemic index (RHI) was lower in the patient cohort. Endothelial microparticle (EMP) levels (CD31+, CD41−) were 40% lower in the patient cohort. Simultaneous analysis of platelet microparticle (PMP) levels (CD41+) showed no difference between cohorts. Conclusions: Patients with type 2 diabetes suffering from recent ACS exhibit residual CV risk factors despite being on standard clinical care. In addition, these patients continue to present with endothelial dysfunction despite having lower levels of EMPs.
The ‘Ossébo’ intervention for the prevention of injurious falls in elderly women: background and design
Authors: Dargent-Molina Patricia , Khoury Fabienne El , Cassou Bernard 
Published: May 2013

This paper reviews the literature that contributed to the design of the ‘Ossébo’ intervention and describes the study that is underway. Background: Falls and fall-related injuries are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among older people. Extensive research into falls prevention has established physical exercise as an efficient method to reduce falls, but the effect of exercise on serious injuries caused by falls remains unclear. Moreover, populations that would benefit most from these interventions, as well as factors that determine adherence to exercise remain underreported. The Ossébo intervervention: ‘Ossébo’ is an on-going multicenter randomized controlled trial, aiming to assess the effect of a two-year community-based group physical exercise program on the prevention of falls among women aged 75–85 years old. The primary outcome examined is the rate of falls and injurious falls: secondary outcomes include functional capacities, fear of falling and quality of life. This study will help determine the effectiveness of a large scale falls prevention program and the factors that can potentially assist its success.
Hammertoe Surgery and the Trim-It Drill Pin
Authors: Cicchinelli Luke D. 
Published: May 2013

Digital deformities are some of the most frequent complaints of patients seeking a surgical solution after the failure of conservative care. A thorough assessment of the actual level of deformity is important to ensure a lasting surgical correction. This article details the options for correcting hammertoe, clawtoe and mallet toe deformities with Trim it Drill pin and the Spin pin. Levels of Evidence: Level 5
Stress Fractures of the Foot and Ankle in Athletes
Authors: Mayer Stephanie W. , Joyner Patrick W. , Almekinders Louis C. , Parekh Selene G. 
Published: May 2013

Context: Stress fractures of the foot and ankle are a common problem encountered by athletes of all levels and ages. These injuries can be difficult to diagnose and may be initially evaluated by all levels of medical personnel. Clinical suspicion should be raised with certain history and physical examination findings. Evidence Acquisition: Scientific and review articles were searched through PubMed (1930-2012) with search terms including stress fractures and 1 of the following: foot ankle, medial malleolus, lateral malleolus, calcaneus, talus, metatarsal, cuboid, cuneiform, sesamoid, or athlete. Study Design: Clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 5. Results: Stress fractures of the foot and ankle can be divided into low and high risk based upon their propensity to heal without complication. A wide variety of nonoperative strategies are employed based on the duration of symptoms, type of fracture, and patient factors, such as activity type, desire to return to sport, and compliance. Operative management has proven superior in several high-risk types of stress fractures. Evidence on pharmacotherapy and physiologic therapy such as bone stimulators is evolving. Conclusion: A high index of suspicion for stress fractures is appropriate in many high-risk groups of athletes with lower extremity pain. Proper and timely work-up and treatment is successful in returning these athletes to sport in many cases. Low-risk stress fracture generally requires only activity modification while high-risk stress fracture necessitates more aggressive intervention. The specific treatment of these injuries varies with the location of the stress fracture and the goals of the patient.
CpG pretreatment enhances antiviral T-cell immunity against cytomegalovirus
Authors: Ong Monique L. , Wikstrom Matthew E. , Fleming Peter , Estcourt Marie J. , Hertzog Paul J. , Hill Geoffrey R. , Andoniou Christopher E. , Degli-Esposti Mariapia A. 
Published: May 2013

Key PointsFully functional CD8 T-cell responses, control of infection, and protection from organ pathology are attained without cross-presentation. Direct presentation generates responses that limit disease and ensure host survival despite the presence of immunomodulatory viral proteins.
New MLLT10 gene recombinations in pediatric T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Brandimarte Lucia , Pierini Valentina , Di Giacomo Danika , Borga Chiara , Nozza Filomena , Gorello Paolo , Giordan Marco , Cazzaniga Giovanni , te Kronnie Geertruy , La Starza Roberta , Mecucci Cristina 
Published: May 2013

Key Points
In pediatric T-ALL, MLLT10 emerged as a promiscuous gene, maintaining the critical leukemogenic OM-LZ domain in all fusions. MLLT10 gene fusions were associated with a specific expression profile within the HOXA subgroup of pediatric T-ALL.
Results of the AIEOP AML 2002/01 multicenter prospective trial for the treatment of children with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Pession Andrea , Masetti Riccardo , Rizzari Carmelo , Putti Maria Caterina , Casale Fiorina , Fagioli Franca , Luciani Matteo , Lo Nigro Luca , Menna Giuseppe , Micalizzi Concetta , Santoro Nicola , Testi Anna Maria , Zecca Marco , Biondi Andrea , Pigazzi Martina , Rutella Sergio , Rondelli Roberto , Basso Giuseppe , Locatelli Franco 
Published: May 2013

Key Points
Risk-adapted therapy and broad use of HSCT resulted in a significant improvement in outcome. AUTO- or ALLO-HSCT in high-risk patients resulted in a cumulative incidence of leukemia relapse superimposable to that of SR.
Systemic inflammation, depression and obstructive pulmonary function: a population-based study
Authors: Lu Yanxia , Feng Lei , Feng Liang , Nyunt Ma Shwe , Yap Keng Bee , Ng Tze Pin 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background
Levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-creative protein (CRP) indicating systemic inflammation are known to be elevated in chronic diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and depression. Comorbid depression is common in patients with COPD, but no studies have investigated whether proinflammatory cytokines mediate the association between pulmonary function and depressive symptoms in healthy individuals with no known history of obstructive pulmonary diseases.

Methods
In a population-based sample (n = 2077) of individuals aged 55 and above with no known history of obstructive pulmonary disease in the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Study (SLAS), we analyzed the relationships between IL-6 and CRP, depressive symptoms (GDS-15 ≥5) and obstructive pulmonary function (FEV1% predicted and FEV1/FVC% predicted).

Results
High serum levels of IL-6 and CRP were associated with greater prevalence of depressive symptoms (p < 0.05). High IL-6, high CRP and depressive symptoms were independently associated with decreased FEV1% predicted and FEV1/FVC% predicted after adjusting for smoking status, BMI and number of chronic inflammatory diseases. Increasing grades of combination of inflammatory markers and/or depressive symptoms was associated with progressive increases in pulmonary obstruction. In hierarchical models, the significant association of depressive symptoms with pulmonary obstruction was reduced by the presence of IL-6 and CRP.

Conclusions
This study found for the first time an association of depressive symptoms and pulmonary function in older adults which appeared to be partly mediated by proinflammatory cytokines. Further studies should be conducted to investigate proinflammatory immune markers and depressive symptoms as potential phenotypic indicators for chronic obstructive airway disorders in older adults.
Targeting self-renewal pathways in myeloid malignancies
Authors: Sands William A , Copland Mhairi , Wheadon Helen 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
A fundamental property of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is the ability to self-renew. This is a complex process involving multiple signal transduction cascades which control the fine balance between self-renewal and differentiation through transcriptional networks. Key activators/regulators of self-renewal include chemokines, cytokines and morphogens which are expressed in the bone marrow niche, either in a paracrine or autocrine fashion, and modulate stem cell behaviour. Increasing evidence suggests that the downstream signaling pathways induced by these ligands converge at multiple levels providing a degree of redundancy in steady state hematopoiesis. Here we will focus on how these pathways cross-talk to regulate HSC self-renewal highlighting potential therapeutic windows which could be targeted to prevent leukemic stem cell self-renewal in myeloid malignancies.
De novo CD5-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphomas show high specificity for cyclin D2 expression
Authors: Igawa Takuro , Sato Yasuharu , Takata Katsuyoshi , Iwaki Noriko , Tanaka Takehiro , Asano Naoko , Maeda Yoshinobu , Orita Yorihisa , Nakamura Naoya , Nakamura Shigeo , Yoshino Tadashi 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
D cyclins positively regulate the cell cycle and mediate the pathogenesis of some lymphomas. Cyclin D1 overexpression is the hallmark of mantle cell lymphoma, whereas cyclins D2 and D3 are reportedly not as specific to certain lymphomas as cyclin D1. In this study, cyclin D2 was found to be overexpressed in 98% of de novo CD5-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) (50/51) and in 28% of CD5-negative DLBCLs (14/51). A statistically significant difference was observed between these two groups (p<0.0001). In contrast, no statistical difference was found in the cyclin D3 expression between CD5-positive (18/51) and CD5-negative (24/51) DLBCLs (p=0.23). Based on these findings, cyclin D2 is therefore considered to be closely associated with de novo CD5-positive DLBCLs. This insight may be useful for overcoming the inferior survival of this aggressive lymphoma.

Virtual slides

The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here:http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1382856320966453
Plasma uric acid and tumor volume are highly predictive of outcome in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients receiving intensity modulated radiotherapy
Authors: Lin Hui , Lin Huan-Xin , Ge Nan , Wang Hong-Zhi , Sun Rui , Hu Wei-Han 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background
The combined predictive value of plasma uric acid and primary tumor volume in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients receiving intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has not yet been determined.

Methods
In this retrospective study, plasma uric acid level was measured after treatment in 130 histologically-proven NPC patients treated with IMRT. Tumor volume was calculated from treatment planning CT scans. Overall (OS), progression-free (PFS) and distant metastasis-free (DMFS) survival were compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log rank test, and Cox multivariate and univariate regression models were created.

Results
Patients with a small tumor volume (<27 mL) had a significantly better DMFS, PFS and OS than patients with a large tumor volume. Patients with a high post-treatment plasma uric acid level (>301 μmol/L) had a better DMFS, PFS and OS than patients with a low post-treatment plasma uric acid level. Patients with a small tumor volume and high post-treatment plasma uric acid level had a favorable prognosis compared to patients with a large tumor volume and low post-treatment plasma uric acid level (7-year overall OS, 100% vs. 48.7%, P <0.001 and PFS, 100% vs. 69.5%, P <0.001).

Conclusions
Post-treatment plasma uric acid level and pre-treatment tumor volume have predictive value for outcome in NPC patients receiving IMRT. NPC patients with a large tumor volume and low post-treatment plasma uric acid level may benefit from additional aggressive treatment after IMRT.
RNAi mediated down regulation of myo-inositol-3-phosphate synthase to generate low phytate rice
Authors: Ali Nusrat , Paul Soumitra , Gayen Dipak , Sarkar Sailendra Nath , Datta Swapan K , Datta Karabi 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background
Phytic acid (InsP6) is considered as the major source of phosphorus and inositol phosphates in cereal grains. Reduction of phytic acid level in cereal grains is desirable in view of its antinutrient properties to maximize mineral bioavailability and minimize the load of phosphorus waste management. We report here RNAi mediated seed-specific silencing of myo-inositol-3-phosphate synthase (MIPS) gene catalyzing the first step of phytic acid biosynthesis in rice. Moreover, we also studied the possible implications of MIPS silencing on myo-inositol and related metabolism, since, first step of phytic acid biosynthesis is also the rate limiting step of myo-inositol synthesis, catalyzed by MIPS.

Results
The resulting transgenic rice plants (T3) showed a 4.59 fold down regulation in MIPS gene expression, which corresponds to a significant decrease in phytate levels and a simultaneous increment in the amount of inorganic phosphate in the seeds. A diminution in the myo-inositol content of transgenic plants was also observed due to disruption of the first step of phytic acid biosynthetic pathway, which further reduced the level of ascorbate and altered abscisic acid (ABA) sensitivity of the transgenic plants. In addition, our results shows that in the transgenic plants, the lower phytate levels has led to an increment of divalent cations, of which a 1.6 fold increase in the iron concentration in milled rice seeds was noteworthy. This increase could be attributed to reduced chelation of divalent metal (iron) cations, which may correlate to higher iron bioavailability in the endosperm of rice grains.

Conclusion
The present study evidently suggests that seed-specific silencing of MIPS in transgenic rice plants can yield substantial reduction in levels of phytic acid along with an increase in inorganic phosphate content. However, it was also demonstrated that the low phytate seeds had an undesirable diminution in levels of myo-inositol and ascorbate, which probably led to sensitiveness of seeds to abscisic acid during germination. Therefore, it is suggested that though MIPS is the prime target for generation of low phytate transgenic plants, down-regulation of MIPS can have detrimental effect on myo-inositol synthesis and related pathways which are involved in key plant metabolism.
Environment, behavior and physiology: do birds use barometric pressure to predict storms?
Authors: Breuner Creagh W. , Sprague Rachel S. , Patterson Stephen H. , Woods H. Arthur 
Published: May 2013

SUMMARYSevere storms can pose a grave challenge to the temperature and energy homeostasis of small endothermic vertebrates. Storms are accompanied by lower temperatures and wind, increasing metabolic expenditure, and can inhibit foraging, thereby limiting energy intake. To avoid these potential problems, most endotherms have mechanisms for offsetting the energetic risks posed by storms. One possibility is to use cues to predict oncoming storms and to alter physiology and behavior in ways that make survival more likely. Barometric pressure declines predictably before inclement weather, and several lines of evidence indicate that animals alter behavior based on changes in ambient pressure. Here we examined the effects of declining barometric pressure on physiology and behavior in the white-crowned sparrow, Zonotrichia leucophrys. Using field data from a long-term study, we first evaluated the relationship between barometric pressure, storms and stress physiology in free-living white-crowned sparrows. We then manipulated barometric pressure experimentally in the laboratory and determined how it affects activity, food intake, metabolic rates and stress physiology. The field data showed declining barometric pressure in the 12–24 h preceding snowstorms, but we found no relationship between barometric pressure and stress physiology. The laboratory study showed that declining barometric pressure stimulated food intake, but had no effect on metabolic rate or stress physiology. These data suggest that white-crowned sparrows can sense and respond to declining barometric pressure, and we propose that such an ability may be common in wild vertebrates, especially small ones for whom individual storms can be life-threatening events.
Physiological plasticity of cardiorespiratory function in a eurythermal marine teleost, the longjaw mudsucker,Gillichthys mirabilis
Authors: Jayasundara Nishad , Somero George N. 
Published: May 2013

SUMMARYAn insufficient supply of oxygen under thermal stress is thought to define thermal optima and tolerance limits in teleost fish. When under thermal stress, cardiac function plays a crucial role in sustaining adequate oxygen supply for respiring tissues. Thus, adaptive phenotypic plasticity of cardiac performance may be critical for modifying thermal limits during temperature acclimation. Here we investigated effects of temperature acclimation on oxygen consumption, cardiac function and blood oxygen carrying capacity of a eurythermal goby fish, Gillichthys mirabilis, acclimated to 9, 19 and 26°C for 4 weeks. Acclimation did not alter resting metabolic rates or heart rates; no compensation of rates was observed at acclimation temperatures. However, under an acute heat ramp, warm-acclimated fish exhibited greater heat tolerance (CTmax=33.3, 37.1 and 38.9°C for 9°C-, 19°C- and 26°C-acclimated fish, respectively) and higher cardiac arrhythmia temperatures compared with 9°C-acclimated fish. Heart rates measured under an acute heat stress every week during 28 days of acclimation suggested that both maximum heart rates and temperature at onset of maximum heart rates changed over time with acclimation. Hemoglobin levels increased with acclimation temperature, from 35 g l−1 in 9°C-acclimated fish to 60–80 g l−1 in 19°C- and 26°C-acclimated fish. Oxygen consumption rates during recovery from acute heat stress showed post-stress elevation in 26°C-acclimated fish. These data, coupled with elevated resting metabolic rates and heart rates at warm temperatures, suggest a high energetic cost associated with warm acclimation in G. mirabilis. Furthermore, acclimatory capacity appears to be optimized at 19°C, a temperature shown by behavioral studies to be close to the species' preferred temperature.