bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlations of clinical and laboratory measures of balance in older men and women
Authors: Nguyen Uyen‐Sa D. T. , Kiel Douglas P. , Li Wenjun , Galica Andrew M. , Kang Hyun Gu , Casey Virginia A. , Hannan Marian T. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveIt is known that impaired balance is associated with falls in older adults; however, there is no accepted gold standard on how balance should be measured. Few studies have examined measures of postural sway and clinical balance concurrently in large samples of community‐dwelling older adults. We examined the associations among 4 types of measures of laboratory‐ and clinic‐based balance in a large population‐based cohort of older adults.MethodsWe evaluated balance measures in the Maintenance of Balance, Independent Living, Intellect and Zest in the Elderly Boston Study (276 men and 489 women ages 64–97 years). The measures included laboratory‐based anteroposterior (AP) path length and mean sway speed, mediolateral (ML) mean sway and root mean square, and area of ellipse postural sway; the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB); the Berg Balance Scale; and the one‐leg stand test. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were assessed among the balance measures.ResultsThe area of ellipse sway was highly correlated with the ML sway measures (r = >0.91, P < 0.0001) and sway speed was highly correlated with AP sway (r = 0.97, P < 0.0001). The Berg Balance Scale was highly correlated with the SPPB (r = 0.74, P < 0.001) and the one‐leg stand test (r = 0.82, P < 0.001). Correlations between the laboratory‐ and clinic‐based balance measures were low but statistically significant (−0.29 ≤ r ≤ −0.16, P < 0.0001).ConclusionClinic‐based balance measures, and laboratory‐based measures comparing area of ellipse with ML sways or sway speed with AP sway, are highly correlated. There is less correlation between the clinic‐ and laboratory‐based measures. Since both laboratory‐ and clinic‐based measures inform balance in older adults, but are not highly correlated with each other, future work should investigate the differences.
Increased Risk of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Nationwide Population‐Based Study
Authors: Chang Yu‐Sheng , Liu Chia‐Jen , Chen Wei‐Sheng , Lai Chien‐Chih , Wang Shu‐Hung , Chen Tzeng‐Ji , Tzeng Cheng‐Hwai , Tsai Chang‐Youh , Wang Shuu‐Jiun 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveA relatively common occurrence of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been noted; however, the subsequent studies were conflicting. This nationwide population‐based study aimed to evaluate the risk of SAH in patients with SLE.MethodsWe identified 16,967 SLE patients from the Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI) database between 2000 and 2006, and compared the incidence rate of SAH with 16,967 randomly selected age‐ and sex‐matched non‐SLE subjects. A Cox multivariable proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the risk factors of SAH in the SLE cohort.ResultsThe SLE cohort had a higher risk of SAH, with an incidence rate ratio of 4.84 (P < 0.001). Despite a younger age, the mortality rate after SAH was significantly higher in the SLE cohort compared to all of the non‐SLE SAH patients identified from the 1 million NHI beneficiaries (60.0% versus 38.9%; P = 0.007). Age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.03, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.01–1.05), platelet transfusion (HR 2.75, 95% CI 1.46–5.17), red blood cell transfusion (HR 7.11, 95% CI 2.81–17.97), and a mean daily steroid dose >10 mg of prednisolone or equivalent (HR 4.36, 95% CI 2.19–8.68) were independent risk factors for the new onset of SAH.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that SAH is a rare but associated complication of SLE with a high mortality rate. Other than age, higher mean daily steroid use and a history of platelet or red blood cell transfusion were associated with the occurrence of SAH in patients with SLE.
Efficient, Cyanine Dye Based Bilayer Solar Cells
Authors: Malinkiewicz Olga , Grancha Thais , Molina‐Ontoria Agustin , Soriano Alejandra , Brine Hicham , Bolink Henk J. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractSimple bilayer solar cells, using commercially available cationic cyanine dyes as donors and evaporated C60 layer as an acceptor are prepared. Cyanine dyes with absorption maxima of 578, 615 and 697 nm having either perchlorate or hexafluorophosphate counter‐ions are evaluated. The perchlorate dye leads to cells with S‐shape current‐voltage curves; only the dyes with the hexafluorophosphate counter‐ions lead to efficient solar cells. When the wide bandgap dyes are employed, S‐shape current‐voltage curves are obtained when the conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS is used as hole transport layer. Substitution of PEDOT:PSS with MoO3 leads to cells with more rectangular current–voltage curves and high fill factors. Additionally, the cells using the MoO3 layer for hole extraction lead to high open circuit voltages of 0.9 V. In the case that a low bandgap hexafluorophosphate dye is used with the HOMO above that of the PEDOT:PSS the cell performance is independent on the type of hole transport layer employed. Using this approach, bilayer solar cells are obtained with power efficiencies ranging from 1.8 to 2.9% depending on the particular dye employed. These are impressive numbers for bilayer solar cell that are partially solution processed in ambient conditions.
Duplication 12p and Pallister–Killian syndrome: A case report and review of the literature toward defining a Pallister–Killian syndrome minimal critical region
Authors: Izumi Kosuke , Conlin Laura K. , Berrodin Donna , Fincher Christopher , Wilkens Alisha , Haldeman‐Englert Chad , Saitta Sulagna C. , Zackai Elaine H. , Spinner Nancy B. , Krantz Ian D. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPallister–Killian syndrome (PKS) is a multisystem sporadic genetic condition characterized by facial anomalies, variable developmental delay and intellectual impairment, hypotonia, hearing loss, seizures, pigmentary skin differences, temporal alopecia, diaphragmatic hernia, congenital heart defects, and other systemic abnormalities. PKS is typically caused by the presence of a supernumerary isochromosome composed of the short arms of chromosome 12 resulting in tetrasomy 12p, which is often present in a tissue limited mosaic state. The PKS phenotype has also often been observed in individuals with complete or partial duplications of 12p (trisomy 12p rather than tetrasomy 12p) as the result of an interstitial duplication or unbalanced translocation. We have identified a proposita with PKS who has two small de novo interstitial duplications of 12p which, along with a review of previously reported cases, has allowed us to define a minimum critical region for PKS. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Brothers with hypospadias, vertebral segmentation defects, and intellectual disability: New syndrome?
Authors: Phadke Shubha R. , Ranganath Prajnya , Boggula Vijay Raju , Gupta Divya , Phadke Rajendra V. , Sloman Melissa , Turnpenny Peter D. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe report on two brothers (born to nonconsanguineous parents) with short stature, hypospadias, scoliosis, vertebral segmentation defects of “spondylocostal dysostosis” type, and intellectual disability. Results of cytogenetic and molecular genetic tests performed, including routine karyotype, MLPA (multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification) for common microdeletions and subtelomeric copy number variants, microarray‐CGH analysis, and sequencing of four Notch signaling pathway genes (DLL3, MESP2, LFNG, and HES7), were all normal. We present a comparison of the condition in the two boys with known syndromes and suggest that they may represent a hitherto unreported syndrome, most likely following autosomal recessive inheritance, though X‐linked inheritance is not excluded. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neuroimaging and neurological findings in patients with hypochondroplasia and FGFR3 N540K mutation
Authors: Linnankivi Tarja , Mäkitie Outi , Valanne Leena , Toiviainen‐Salo Sanna 
Published: November 2012

AbstractHypochondroplasia (HCH), an autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia caused by mutations in the FGFR3 gene, has not been commonly associated with neurological problems. Temporal lobe dysgenesis associated with epilepsy was recently described in single patients. In this retrospective study, we assessed neurological and neuroimaging aspects of 13 FGFR3 (N540K) mutation verified HCH patients in Finland. Eight patients had neurocognitive difficulties, ranging from specific learning disorder (2/13) to mild intellectual disability (5/13) or global developmental delay (1/13). Six of 13 patients had a history of seizures or epilepsy. Eight patients had undergone MRI. They all had structural abnormalities consistent with temporal lobe dysgenesis. Six patients had peritrigonal white matter reduction, and 4 had abnormally shaped lateral ventricles. We recommend a close follow‐up of development in patients with HCH and a low threshold for neuroimaging. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Estimating fuel consumption and emissions based on reconstructed vehicle trajectories
Authors: Chen Zhong , Yang Chao , Chen Anthony 
Published: November 2012

SUMMARYMicroscopic emission models are widely used in emission estimation and environment evaluation. Traditionally, microscopic traffic simulation models and probe vehicles are two sources of inputs to a microscopic emission model. However, they are not effective in reflecting all vehicles' real‐world operating conditions. Using each vehicle's spot speed data recorded by detectors, this paper provides a new method to estimate all vehicles' real‐world activities data. These data can then be used as inputs to a microscopic emission model to estimate vehicle fuel consumption and emissions. The main task is to reconstruct trajectory of each vehicle and calculate second‐by‐second speed and acceleration from the activities data. The Next Generation Simulation dataset and the Comprehensive Modal Emissions Model are used in this study to calculate and analyze the emission results for both lane‐level and link‐level. The results showed that using the proposed method for estimating vehicle fuel consumption and emissions is promising. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of targeted neoadjuvant therapies in the treatment of solid organ tumours
Authors: Waddell T , Cunningham D 
Published: November 2012

Abstract

Background
The advent of affordable technologies to perform detailed molecular profiling of tumours has transformed understanding of the specific genetic events that promote carcinogenesis and which may be exploited therapeutically. The application of targeted therapeutics has led to improved outcomes in advanced disease and this approach is beginning to become established in the management of potentially curable disease for surgical patients.

Methods
This review article focuses on recent developments in the management of operable cancers of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, specifically discussing the currently available data that evaluate the incorporation of targeted therapies in this setting.

Results
A variety of targeted molecules are now available as treatment options in the management of GI cancers. Most are aimed at growth inhibition by acting on cell surface targets or intracellular pathways. Treatment paradigms are gradually shifting towards more prevalent use of systemic treatment prior to surgical intervention for operable disease with the aim of tumour downsizing and improved rates of long-term cure.

Conclusion
A large number of ongoing clinical trials are evaluating novel targeted agents as neoadjuvant therapy in operable GI tumours. Therefore, further progress in the management of early-stage disease will undoubtedly be made over the next few years as these trials continue to report potentially practice-changing results.
Patient optimization for gastrointestinal cancer surgery
Authors: Fearon K C , Jenkins J T , Carli F , Lassen K 
Published: November 2012

Abstract

Background
Although surgical resection remains the central element in curative treatment of gastrointestinal cancer, increasing emphasis and resource has been focused on neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy. Developments in these modalities have improved outcomes, but far less attention has been paid to improving oncological outcomes through optimization of perioperative care.

Methods
A narrative review is presented based on available and updated literature in English and the authors' experience with enhanced recovery research.

Results
A range of perioperative factors (such as lifestyle, co-morbidity, anaemia, sarcopenia, medications, regional analgesia and minimal access surgery) are modifiable, and can be optimized to reduce short- and long-term morbidity and mortality, improve functional capacity and quality of life, and possibly improve oncological outcome. The effect on cancer-free and overall survival may be of equal magnitude to that achieved by many adjuvant oncological regimens. Modulation of core factors, such as nutritional status, systemic inflammation, and surgical and disease-mediated stress, probably influences the host's immune surveillance and defence status both directly and through reduced postoperative morbidity.

Conclusion
A wider view on long-term effects of expanded or targeted enhanced recovery protocols is warranted.
Evaluation of a fast-track programme for patients undergoing liver resection
Authors: Schultz N A , Larsen P N , Klarskov B , Plum L M , Frederiksen H J , Christensen B M , Kehlet H , Hillingsø J G 
Published: November 2012

Abstract

Background
Recent developments in perioperative pathophysiology and care have documented evidence-based, multimodal rehabilitation (fast-track) to hasten recovery and to decrease morbidity and hospital stay for several major surgical procedures. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of introducing fast-track principles for perioperative care in unselected patients undergoing open or laparoscopic liver resection.

Methods
This was a prospective study involving the first 100 consecutive patients who followed fast-track principles for liver resection. Catheters and drains were systematically removed early, and patients were mobilized and started eating and drinking from the day of surgery. An opioid-sparing multimodal pain treatment was given for the first week. Discharge criteria were: pain sufficiently controlled by oral analgesics alone, patient comfortable with discharge and no untreated complications.

Results
Median length of stay (LOS) for all patients was 5 days, with 2 days after laparoscopic versus 5 days following open resection (P &lt; 0·001). Median LOS after minor open resections (fewer than 3 segments) was 5 days versus 6 days for major resections (3 or more segments) (P &lt; 0·001). Simple right or left hemihepatectomies had a median LOS of 5 days. The readmission rate was 6·0 per cent and 30-day mortality was zero.

Conclusion
Fast-track principles for perioperative care were introduced successfully and are safe after liver resection. Routine discharge 2 days after laparoscopic resection and 4–5 days after open liver resection may be feasible.
Stabilization of zeylenone in rat plasma by the presence of esterase inhibitors and its LC‐MS/MS assay for pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Wei Xiao‐Lan , Han Rong , Hu Xiao , Quan Li‐Hui , Liu Chun‐Yu , Chang Qi , Liao Yong‐Hong 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTSix esterase inhibitors, namely EDTA·2Na+, NaF, phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride, dichlorvos, bis‐nitrophenyl phosphate (BNPP) and thenoyltrifluoroacetone, and the mixture of NaF and BNPP, were evaluated for the stabilization of labile benzoate containing zeylenone in rat plasma. The mixture appeared to exhibit the most effectively stabilizing effect with the degraded content of zeylenone decreasing from >60% (in the absence of inhibitors) to <6%. Following the stabilization by the addition of NaF (5 mm) and BNPP (5 mm), the analytes in rat plasma were acidified by formic acid and extracted into ethyl acetate at 0°C. After chromatographic separation, the detection of zeylenone was performed on a 3200 Q‐Trap with positive ion electrospray mode, monitoring the ion transition m/z 383.2 → 105.0. The method was validated over the range from 2.68 to 1340 ng/mL with inter‐ and intra‐run precision for the quality control samples being less than 6.8%. The assay accuracy was within 100 ± 7.0%. The validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in rats after the intratracheal administration of zeylenone in free drug or polymeric micellar solutions. The results showed that the pulmonary absorption of zeylenone loaded in micelles was significantly retarded compared with that of free drug solutions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Steric and Electronic Effects on the Configurational Stability of Residual Chiral Phosphorus‐Centered Three‐Bladed Propellers: Tris‐aryl Phosphane Oxides
Authors: Benincori Tiziana , Bonometti Valentina , Cirilli Roberto , Mussini Patrizia R. , Marchesi Andrea , Pierini Marco , Pilati Tullio , Rizzo Simona , Sannicolò Francesco 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA series of tris‐aryl phosphane oxides existing as residual enantiomers or diastereoisomers with substituents on the aryl rings differing in size and electronic properties were synthesized and characterized. Their electronic properties were evaluated on the basis of their electrochemical oxidation and reduction potentials together with those of the corresponding “blade bromides” (i.e., the naphthalene derivatives displaying the same substitution pattern of the tris‐naphthyl phosphane oxide blades, with a bromo substituent where the phosphorus atom is located) determined by CV. The residual stereoisomeric phosphane oxides were isolated in a stereochemically pure state and were found to be highly configurationally stable at room temperature (stereoisomerization barriers of about 27 kcal mol−1). The chiroptical properties of the residual stereoisomers and the assignments of absolute configuration are discussed. The configurational stability of residual tris‐aryl phosphane oxides was found to be scarcely influenced by the electronic properties of the substituents present on the aromatic rings constituting the blades, while steric effects play the most relevant role. Detailed theoretical calculations are in agreement with the experimental results and also contribute to a rational interpretation of the stereodynamics of these systems.
Novel carrier recovery scheme in multicarrier digital TV system
Authors: Song Kevin , Jin Jie , Liu Yi 
Published: November 2012

SUMMARYThis work is aimed at researching and analyzing the performance of carrier recovery (CR) with two transmit antennas on a multicarrier digital TV system operating in time‐selective fading channel. It is shown in the paper that CR can correct the performance degradation caused by Doppler effect when the terminal is receiving high resolution digital TV signals in a fast moving environment. To have the ability to cover a large frequency range, the CR system should do a frequency sweep first. Then the coarse and fine frequency offset estimation is introduced. Both the theoretical and simulated results give valuable insight that the CR is able to perform well with a certain amount of channel fading. The phase and noise effect on the CR performance is also studied. The CR system and the working procedure concerning CR and timing recovery are also researched to give a full solution on synchronization. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On geometric statistics with diversity in multipath scattering channels
Authors: Le Khoa N. 
Published: November 2012

SUMMARYThis paper studies four aspects of multipath propagation with randomly distributed scatterers: (i) Gaussian and hyperbolic time‐of‐arrival (ToA) probability density functions (pdfs); (ii) theoretical bounds on the ToA pdfs; (iii) geometric pdfs in multipath propagation via Gaussian and hyperbolic scattering channels; and (iv) implementation of selective combining diversity as a method to decrease propagation delay, thus improving transmission performance. The Gaussian and hyperbolic scattering channels are employed to model random scatterers between a base station and a user equipment. One‐dimensional and three‐dimensional results of Gaussian and hyperbolic ToA pdfs are reported. Detailed discussions are given. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Energy and the environment: Frack attack—environmentalists and hollywood renew attacks on hydraulic fracturing
Authors: Lesser Jonathan A. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractEnvironmental groups have been trumpeting a new study by the US Geological Survey (USGS), which they claim “proves” the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) concerns about hydraulic fracturing, or “fracking.” In a September 30, 2012, press release, for example, the Sierra Club—an environmental group whose motto could be “whatever it is, we're against it”1—claimed that the USGS study “strongly suggests that as a result of fracking, gas is seeping into” the water supply in the town of Pavillion, Wyoming.2
High symptom burden prior to radiation therapy for head and neck cancer: A patient‐reported outcomes study
Authors: Gunn G. Brandon , Mendoza Tito R. , Fuller Clifton D. , Gning Ibrahima , Frank Steven J. , Beadle Beth M. , Hanna Ehab Y. , Lu Charles , Cleeland Charles S. , Rosenthal David I. 
Published: November 2012

BackgroundAs a first step toward developing effective strategies to control symptoms associated with head and neck cancer (HNC) and its treatment, we sought to describe the pattern of symptoms experienced before radiation therapy.MethodsSubjects completed the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory–Head and Neck Module before beginning radiation therapy.ResultsIn all, 270 patients participated. Symptom severity and interference varied between treatment‐naïve patients and those with prior treatment. Cluster analyses revealed that 33% of patients had high symptom burden. Symptoms most often rated moderate‐to‐severe were fatigue, sleep disturbance, distress, pain, and problems chewing and swallowing. Poorer performance status, higher T classification, and receipt of previous treatment correlated with higher symptom burden.ConclusionsA substantial proportion of patients were experiencing high symptom burden. Because few interventions currently exist for several of the most problematic symptoms, research in symptom reduction that targets the pattern of symptoms described here is greatly needed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 35: 1490–1498, 2013