bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Persistent hypoglycemia in patients with liver cancer
Authors: Kalista Kemal Fariz , Rahma Hanum Citra Nur , Tahapary Dicky Levenus , Nababan Saut Horas , Jasirwan Chynthia Olivia Maurine , Kurniawan Juferdy , Lesmana Cosmas Rinaldi Adithya , Sulaiman Andri Sanityoso , Hasan Irsan , Gani Rino 
Published: July 2024

Summary
Hypoglycemia is one of the paraneoplastic syndrome manifestations that arise from primary and secondary liver cancer. Hypoglycemia usually presents in the late stage of the disease and indicates a poor prognosis. This case series displays the characteristics profile of patients with primary and secondary liver cancer who are presented with hypoglycemia in a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia. The study included 41 liver cancer patients who were presented with hypoglycemia. Hepatocellular carcinoma was diagnosed in 51.2% of patients, metastatic liver disease in 14.6% of patients, and undiagnosed liver cancer in 34.1% of patients. The mean age was 47.7 years with male predominance (65.9%). Jaundice was found in 58.5% and hepatomegaly in 70.7% of patients. The mean (± S.D.) initial blood glucose was 42.15 ± 17.11 mg/dL and the Child–Pugh score was 9.93 ± 2.11. Based on imaging, tumor diameter was 12.6 ± 6.9 cm, multiple (61%), and involving both lobes (61%). Treatments for hypoglycemia included oral/enteral feeding, intravenous dextrose, and steroids. No treatment was given for the cancer because all patients were in an advanced stage. The treatment resulted in 41.5% blood glucose being controlled, 56.1% refractory, and 2.4% persistent. Mortality was 70.7% and in average occurred 5.76 ± 4.99 days after hypoglycemia. The mainstay of treatment in these cases is treating the tumor with cytoreduction. However, it was difficult to do cytoreduction because the tumor was already in an advanced stage. Beneficial supportive treatments for maintaining normal blood glucose are frequent meals, dextrose infusion, steroids, and glucagon.

Learning points

Hypoglycemia in liver cancer occurs due to the failure of the liver to fulfill body glucose demand because the liver parenchyma has been largely replaced by the tumor, in addition to the high production of insulin growth factor (IGF).

Hypoglycemia is often caused by islet cell and non-islet cell tumors, with a higher occurrence in non-islet cell tumors due to paraneoplastic syndrome and the high metabolic requirements of the tumor.

The mainstay of NICTH treatment is treating the tumor with cytoreduction. However, in an advanced stage, cytoreduction therapy is often challenging to conduct. Beneficial supportive treatments for controlling blood glucose are frequent meals, dextrose infusion, and the injection of steroids and glucagon.

Steroids play a beneficial role in the treatment of persistent hypoglycemia in hepatocellular carcinoma by stimulating gluconeogenesis and increasing lipolysis. Steroids also have roles in the inhibition of peripheral glucose intake, suppression of big IGF-2 production, and modulation of the GH–IGF axis.
Estado del arte y nueva variable de estado para diagnosticar la excentricidad en generadores sincrónicos
Authors: Herrera-Basabe Pablo Tomás , Hernández-Areu Oreste 
Published: July 2024

La excentricidad en los generadores sincrónicos de polos salientes (GSPS) es un modo de fallo que requiere de una atención particular producto a su posible consecuencia catastrófica. Para diagnosticarla, los especialistas se han centrado en el espectro de frecuencia de la corriente del estator, obtenido por la Transformada Rápida de Fourier (FFT). Otras técnicas como el análisis de la corriente en transitorios, el flujo y las vibraciones, han probado ser fuentes de información valiosa.
La publicación persigue ilustrar el estado del arte sobre el diagnóstico de la excentricidad en los GSPS y propone una nueva variable de estado para el diagnóstico de este modo de fallo con el activo en servicio. Como resultado del trabajo sobre la tecnología y la investigación teórica realizada, se concluye que es posible diagnosticar la excentricidad del generador eléctrico a partir del comportamiento de la corriente por el neutro de la máquina en operación.
Fortalecimiento de la expresión oral por medio de la dramatización de Eva sol y sombra, de Melvin Méndez y Magdalena, de Ricardo Fernández Guardia
Authors: Alfaro Rodríguez Arelys , Valverde Alfaro Elena 
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo pretende ser un recurso para abordar el fortalecimiento de la expresión oral por medio de la dramatización de textos literarios; además, busca combinar esta habilidad comunicativa con la comprensión lectora, de manera que se aborden y refuercen ambas áreas del lenguaje. Si bien es cierto, el material se propone para trabajar a nivel de octavo, con los textos Eva sol y sombra[1] y Magdalena[2] (de los escritores costarricenses Melvin Méndez y Ricardo Fernández Guardia, respectivamente), la propuesta se puede adaptar a diferentes centros educativos, ya sean públicos o privados, modalidades y niveles. En este caso, se ejecutó con dos grupos del Liceo Experimental Bilingüe de Naranjo. El objetivo principal de la propuesta radica en aportar una serie de estrategias didácticas que lleven al desarrollo de habilidades comunicativas y de comprensión literaria en los estudiantes, de manera que por medio de la actividad lúdica y creativa el discente logre explorar, conocer, descubrir y potenciar sus capacidades, tanto en la expresión oral (dicción, tono de voz, uso de ademanes, fluidez, entonación, gestos, mímica, entre otros) como en la interpretación de mensajes. Por medio de la puesta en escena de las obras, podrán interiorizar un papel y generar un desdoblamiento, de manera que a partir del juego se pierdan los temores, ya que dejan de ser ellos y pasan a ser el personaje que decidieron representar. Mediante la comprensión lectora, se analizarán los textos literarios a partir de las cuatro fases que establece el Ministerio de Educación Pública (natural, de ubicación, analítica e interpretativa) y se orientará el proceso hacia la construcción y discusión de temáticas, situaciones, problemáticas, visiones, ideologías, entre otras, expuestas en el texto.
Demonstratives in the charters of St. Gall
Authors: Pálfi Dorottya 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe main scope of the present study is the semantic and syntactic analysis of the use of the Latin demonstratives based on quantitative and qualitative data from the volumes I, II, CXVIII of the Chartae Latinae Antiquiores (ChLA). These volumes contain original parchment charters between the 7th century and 801, written in St. Gall or in its vicinity. For the current analysis, 133 private legal documents were selected. The underlying principle of the examination is concerned with the ‘genre’ of the legal documents, namely the formulas, i.e. the strict set of words embedded in the tradition of charter composition that can only be changed when difficulties in understanding emerge and prevail. Therefore, anomalies presented 3–4 times in the corpus are evaluated, if they differ in the identity of the scribe, in the place and time of the composition, although, statistically, they could be excluded from the examination as outliers. Thus, the analysis focuses on the following anomalies: determiner multiplication, substitution, additional metalinguistic participles and articuloїde cases.
Educación Superior e historias de vida de personas indígenas y afrodescendientes: construyendo puentes desde el enfoque del aprendizaje-servicio en un sistema-mundo racializado
Authors: Gaitero Carlos Corrales , Montero Alberto Izquierdo , Doña Alberto Moreno , García-Gutiérrez Juan 
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo busca contribuir al debate y la acción sobre la eliminación del racismo en Latinoamérica, y promover sociedades más justas e igualitarias examinando las diversas formas de racismo en la región desde la vivencia reflexiva de personas indígenas y afrodescendientes. El artículo, basado en una acción compuesta de tres eventos virtuales desarrollada en 2020, comienza por analizar las causas profundas del racismo en Latinoamérica a partir del seminario virtual de la Dra. Karina Ochoa incluyendo la influencia del colonialismo y el legado de la esclavitud y la opresión. Luego, se sistematiza un diálogo mantenido con estudiantes, egresados/as y docentes universitarios de diferentes países de la región, donde se resumen sus experiencias sobre el acceso a la educación superior, la discriminación sufrida en los procesos administrativos y académicos, su inclusión al mercado laboral y acceso a estudios de posgrado. Por último, a modo propositivo, se analizan proyectos de aprendizaje-Servicio que pretenden combatir el racismo y la discriminación proponiendo marcos de comprensión amplios y plurales. Se concluye que la propuesta tuvo un gran impacto en las universidades que exploraron cómo las tecnologías digitales pueden ser utilizadas para aumentar la visibilidad de comunidades marginadas, reduciendo la discriminación, generando y brindando materiales didácticos sobre el tema.
Influence of Sex and Gender on Musculoskeletal Conditions and How They Are Reported
Authors: Tosi Laura L. , Templeton Kimberly , Pennington Andrew M. , Reid Kendall A. , Boyan Barbara D. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract:
There is increasing evidence that musculoskeletal tissues are differentially regulated by sex hormones in males and females. The influence of sex hormones, in addition to other sex-based differences such as in anatomical alignment and immune-system function, impact the prevalence and severity of disease as well as the types of injuries that affect the musculoskeletal system and the outcomes of prevention measures and treatment. Literature specifically addressing sex differences related to the musculoskeletal system is limited, underscoring the imperative for both basic and clinical research on this topic. This review highlights areas of research that have implications for bone and cartilage health, including growth and development, sports injuries, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and bone frailty. It is clear that important aspects of the musculoskeletal system have been understudied. Consideration of how sex hormone therapy will affect musculoskeletal tissues in prepuberty, during puberty, and in adults is vital, yet little is known. The purpose of this article is to foster awareness and interest in advancing our understanding of how sex differences influence orthopaedic practice.
Nitrogen uptake potential of two wetland plants under varied water temperatures and nitrogen concentrations when grown as floating treatment wetland
Authors: Burlakoti Saroj , Kopp Kelly , Stott Lance , Poudyal Shital 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Excessive use of commercial fertilizers in nursery production results in substantial fertilizer runoff, leading to surface and groundwater contamination. Therefore, to prevent contamination and comply with regulations, irrigation return flow (runoff water) is generally collected in retention pond before it can be safely discarded or released. Nitrogen, applied as nitrate compounds is among the highest used fertilizer and is prone to leaching and runoff. Employing a phytoremediation strategy to remediate irrigation return flow (runoff water) has the potential to lower nitrate concentrations in water before release. In this study, we assessed the suitability of growing Helianthus maximiliani (maximilian sunflower) and Asclepias speciosa (showy milkweed) in a floating treatment wetland system (FTW) and evaluated the nitrate uptake capacity of these plants grown in three different nitrogen concentrations i.e., 10, 20, and 30 mg/L and two water temperatures of 75°F and 85°F. Increasing water temperature increased growth index for both species and increased dry weight for Asclepias speciosa. However, for Helianthus maximiliani, increasing temperature had a lesser t effect on total dry weight. The accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in plant tissue was higher in Helianthus maximiliani at the nitrate nitrogen concentration of 20 mg/L under both temperature treatments. However, in Asclepias speciosa, the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in plant tissue was higher at the high temperature treatment of 85⁰F and 20 mg/L nitrate nitrogen concentration. The nitrate nitrogen uptake from both plants in this study indicated suggests that Helianthus maximiliani ‘maximilian sunflower’ and Asclepias speciosa ‘showy milkweed’ can be grown as FTW and be used to remove nitrogen from a nursery retention pond.
Tug of war between source and sink dynamics, evaluating soil phosphorus storage in a subtropical treatment wetland.
Authors: Julian Paul , Osborne Todd Z , NAir Vimala D 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Oligotrophic wetlands of the Everglades are often the final recipients of nutrients from adjacent ecosystems and tend to accumulate phosphorus (P) in their soils. Understanding P source and sink dynamics in wetlands is critical for managing wetland ecosystems and protecting downstream resources. This study evaluated the soil P storage capacity (SPSC) of the mineral components within two treatment flow-ways of the Everglades Stormwater Treatment Areas (STAs). We hypothesized that SPSC will vary between flow-ways, with soil depth, and spatially along the inflow-to-outflow gradient. The P storage capacity in the STAs depends on the proportion of iron, aluminum, calcium, and magnesium (Fe, Al, Ca, and Mg, respectively) to P. We determined floc and recently accreted soils (RAS) are associated more with Ca and Mg and pre-STA soils are associated more with Fe and Al. Phosphorus loss, as indicated from SPSC values would vary between systems and soil depths suggesting a variable condition of P sink and source within and along flow-ways. This result, while limited, demonstrates the applicability of SPSC to wetlands systems and provides information that will aid operational or management decisions associated with improving P retention of the Everglades STAs.
Unmasking the Peril: Human-Induced Land Use Change vs. Climate Change and Their Threat to Indian Wildlife - A Case Study of Four-Horned Antelope in Indian subcontinent.
Authors: Singh Amar Paul , Dar Shahid Ahmad , Sharief Amira , Kumar Vineet , Singh Hemant , Dutta Ritam , Joshi Bheem Dutt , Banerjee Dhriti , Thakur Mukesh , Sharma Lalit Kumar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The impacts of land use change and climate change on biodiversity are significant, leading to substantial range contractions for many species globally. This effect is particularly pronounced in endemic species like the four-horned antelope (FHA), native to the Indian subcontinent. These species are vulnerable due to their low population densities and limited dispersal abilities.To understand the future habitat suitability for the FHA, we employed an ensemble modeling framework. This approach integrated landscape composition and climatic variables to predict current and future habitat changes. The FHA shows a preference for hot, dry climates and is mainly found in areas with extensive forest and grassland coverage. They avoid regions with large diurnal temperature variations. Our study revealed contrasting outcomes under different future scenarios. Under climate-only change projections, the FHA's habitat is expected to expand, with minimal range contractions across all scenarios. However, under land use change and combined scenarios, a significant decline in suitable habitats was observed. By the 2050s, climate-only models predict an 11.3% and 7.8% increase in FHA habitat under low (SSP 2.6) and high (SSP 8.5) emission scenarios, respectively. In stark contrast, land use change models forecast a 51.2% and 54.5% reduction in suitable habitats under low (SSP 126) and high (SSP 585) development scenarios, respectively. These findings highlight the critical impact of land use change on FHA habitat loss, emphasizing the need for comprehensive conservation strategies. Our study provides valuable insights into habitat suitability factors for the FHA, which are crucial for conservation and land-use management. The results underscore the urgency of implementing measures to mitigate habitat loss due to land use changes, as they pose a more immediate and substantial threat to the FHA's survival. Therefore, protecting and restoring forest and grassland areas is vital for conserving this species across its range.
3D anatomy of the Cretaceous-Paleogene age Nadir Crater
Authors: Nicholson Uisdean , Powell William , Gulick Sean , Kenkmann Thomas , Bray Veronica , Duarte Debora , Collins Gareth 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The Nadir Crater offshore West Africa is a recently proposed near K-Pg impact structure identified on 2D seismic. Here we present 3D seismic data that image this crater in exceptional detail, unprecedented for any such structure, which demonstrates beyond reasonable doubt that the crater-forming mechanism was a hypervelocity impact. Seismic mapping reveals a near-circular crater rim of 9.2 km and an outer brim of ~23 km diameter defined by concentric normal faults. An extended damage zone is evident across the region, well beyond the perceived limit of subsurface deformation for impact craters, except in a ‘sheltered zone’ to the east. The seabed shows evidence for widespread liquefaction because of seismic shaking and scars and gullies formed by tsunami wave propagation and resurge. Deformation within the ~425 m high stratigraphic uplift and annular moat allow us to reconstruct the evolution of the crater, with radial thrusts at the periphery of the uplift suggesting a low-angle impact from the east. Structural relationships allow us to reconstruct the deformation processes during the crater modification stage, with the central uplift forming first, followed by centripetal flow of surrounding sediments into the evacuated crater floor in the seconds to minutes after impact.
Role of mitochondrial derived miR-1978 in nuclear genome
Authors: chen Yucai , Lin Longlong , Luo Xiaona 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

We identified micro RNA (miR)-1978 that may originate from the mitochondrial genome, with a nucleotide sequence that perfectly matches the partial series of DHFR, KIF5C, and MSH3 genes of the nuclear genome. Overexpression of miR-1978 in the SHSY5Y cell line reduces DHFR, KIF5C, and MSH3 mRNA and protein expression, results in a division arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, the number of cells in the G2/M stage was observed to decrease, and the number of apoptotic cells increased. Cells overexpressing miR-1978 exhibit a different nuclear DNA methylation status compared to that of controls. Several Alzheimer’s disease-related proteins such as amyloid β precursor protein, Tau, p-Tau or α-synuclein (a Parkinson’s disease-related protein), were increased in SHSY5Y cells overexpressing miR-1978. Neuroid cells induced by SHSY5Y overexpressing miR-1978 using retinoic acid have been observed to lack dendritic spines.
Production of levoglucosan and levoglucosenone from cellulose using Brønsted acid catalysts in polar aprotic solvents
Authors: González-Rosario Alexa M. , Oyola-Rivera Oscar , Cardona-Martínez Nelson 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Levoglucosan and levoglucosenone are important platform molecules typically produced by pyrolysis of cellulosic feedstocks. Commercial manufacture of levoglucosenone uses phosphoric acid in sulfolane to convert cellulose at high temperatures and catalyst concentrations. We report the synthesis of levoglucosan and levoglucosenone from cellulose at moderate temperatures in polar aprotic solvents using low concentrations of Brønsted acid catalysts. We discovered that the basicity of the solvents has a linear relationship with the cellulose reaction rate. The initial turnover frequency of cellulose conversion increased as the basicity of the solvent decreased. Using a flow reactor with a reactive bed to produce levoglucosan and levoglucosenone we found that moderate temperatures promoted the production of levoglucosan and levoglucosenone, whereas higher temperatures promoted degradation reactions, decreasing the yields of levoglucosan and levoglucosenone. We also found that catalysts with high pKa (lower strength) only promoted the production of levoglucosan and its isomerization, whereas using a catalyst with a low pKa (higher strength) favored subsequent reactions and degradation products, like when we used high temperatures. At 430 K with a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min of 5 mM sulfuric acid in γ-valerolactone, we found yields of up to 34 and 24 wt% for levoglucosan and levoglucosenone, respectively.
Xylooligosaccharides as a tool for sugarcane bagasse valorization: integrated biorefinery modeling, simulation and Life Cycle Assessment
Authors: Longati Andreza Aparecida , Manicardi Taina , Giordano Roberto C. , Milessi Thais S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

A critical strategy for the viability and sustainability of lignocellulosic crops is the inclusion of high-value bioproducts in a biorefinery's portfolio. In this context, the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from the underutilized hemicellulose fraction is an interesting option for valorization of the sugarcane bagasse. In this work, a life cycle assessment (LCA) of the XOS production attached to a sugar mill with self-sufficient energy supply was performed, aiming to determine the XOS integration sustainability biorefinery product. The LCA scope was set as cradle-to-gate using 1 kg of XOS as functional unit according to the standardized ISO procedure considering CML Baseline method. The plant was able to produce 4.7 kg/h of 90.3% (w/w) XOS from 0.7 t/h of sugarcane bagasse with GWP estimated as 6.31 kgCO2eq/kgXOS. Hydrolysis and pretreatment stages were responsible for most part of the environmental footprint due to the chemicals and utilities that were used. Sensitivity analyses showed that energy-related variables had the greatest impact on environmental performance, accounting for a significant proportion of environmental impacts in almost all categories. Comparing with other valuable molecules, XOS was found to be an important alternative for the valorization of the underutilized hemicellulose fraction of the lignocellulosic material. Overall, the use of XOS in the sugarcane biorefinery and the integration of energy in the process were found to be crucial for the sustainability of the process and valorization of the sugarcane bagasse with the integration of energy into the XOS production process as key factor in improving its sustainability and productivity.