bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluctuations of the Intraocular Pressure in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome and Normal Eyes Measured by a Contact Lens Sensor
Authors: Tojo Naoki , Hayashi Atsushi , Otsuka Mitsuya , Miyakoshi Akio 
Published: June 2015

Purpose:
We compared the fluctuation of the intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PE) and individuals with normal healthy eyes. We measured continuous IOP using a SENSIMED Triggerfish contact lens sensor (CLS).

Methods:
Eleven eyes with PE and 11 healthy eyes were examined. In all 22 participants, the IOP fluctuation was measured continuously for 24 hours with a CLS. The CLS could measure every 5 minutes. We evaluated IOP fluctuations over the 24-hour period separately for diurnal IOP and nocturnal IOP. We also identified each participant’s maximum value. Changes in the corneal thickness and the corneal curvature were measured before and after the CLS use with anterior-segment optical coherence tomography.

Results:
The mean IOP within the PE eyes was 20.3±3.9 mm Hg and that in the healthy eyes was 13.1±2.1 mm Hg (P<0.001). The 24-hour range of IOP fluctuations in the PE group was significantly larger than that in the healthy group (P=0.004). The central corneal thickness was significantly thicker after CLS use (P=0.011). The steeper meridian changed slightly to myopia (P=0.0068). All healthy eyes had their maximum value during the nocturnal period, whereas 7 of the 11 PE eyes (64%) had their maximum value in the nocturnal period.

Conclusions:
The IOP fluctuation was larger in the eyes with PE than in the healthy eyes. This larger fluctuation might be one of the reasons underlying the aggravation of the visual field by PE. Measurements of 24-hour continuous IOP might be useful to evaluate IOP fluctuation.
A Systematic Review of Relaxation, Meditation, and Guided Imagery Strategies for Symptom Management in Heart Failure
Authors: Kwekkeboom Kristine L. , Bratzke Lisa C. 
Published: June 2015

Background:
Pain, dyspnea, fatigue, and sleep disturbance are prevalent and distressing symptoms in persons with advanced heart failure. Although many lifestyle and self-care interventions have been developed to control heart failure progression, very few studies have explored treatments exclusively for symptom palliation. Cognitive-behavioral strategies may be effective treatment for these symptoms in advanced heart failure.

Objective:
A systemic review was conducted to describe the effect of cognitive-behavioral strategies on pain, dyspnea, fatigue, and sleep disturbance in patients with heart failure.

Methods:
CINAHL, Medline, and PsychINFO were searched from inception through December 2014. Articles were selected for inclusion if they tested a cognitive-behavioral strategy using a quasi-experimental or experimental design, involved a sample of adults with heart failure, and measured pain, dyspnea, fatigue, sleep disturbance, or symptom-related quality of life. The 2 authors evaluated study quality, abstracted data elements from each study, and synthesized findings.

Results:
Thirteen articles describing 9 unique studies met criteria and were included in the review. Five studies tested relaxation strategies, 3 tested meditation strategies, and 1 tested a guided imagery strategy. Of the 9 studies, 7 demonstrated some improvement in symptom outcomes. Relaxation, meditation, guided imagery, or combinations of these strategies resulted in less dyspnea and better sleep compared with attention control or usual care conditions and reduced pain, dyspnea, fatigue, and sleep disturbance within treatment groups (pretreatment to posttreatment). Symptom-related quality of life was improved with meditation compared with attention control and usual care conditions and improved pre– to post–guided imagery.

Conclusions:
Studies exploring cognitive-behavioral symptom management strategies in heart failure vary in quality and report mixed findings but indicate potential beneficial effects of relaxation, meditation, and guided imagery on heart failure-related symptoms. Future research should test cognitive-behavioral strategies in rigorously designed efficacy trials, using samples selected for their symptom experience, and measure pain, dyspnea, fatigue, and sleep disturbance outcomes with targeted symptom measures.
Pathways to accountant fraud: Australian evidence and analysis
Authors: Andon Paul , Free Clinton , Scard Benjamin 
Published: June 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore pathways to fraud perpetrated in accounting-related roles, focusing both on situationally driven attitudes and contextual elements.Design/methodology/approach– Drawing on an anomie-based criminological taxonomy developed by Waringet al.(1995) and Weisburd and Waring (2001), which highlights individual attitudes and situational elements and their connection to illegitimate behaviour, the authors perform a qualitative content analysis of available media and court-reported information on a hand-collected database of 192 accountant frauds in Australia during the period 2001-2011.Findings– The analysis highlights four distinct pathways to accountant fraud – crisis responders, opportunity takers, opportunity seekers and deviance seekers – and the relative distribution of identified cases among these pathways. It also identifies the prevalence of gambling, female offenders, small and medium enterprises as victims, as factors in fraud, as well as the relatively unsophisticated methods in much accountant fraud. In addition, it establishes the importance of situational attitude in moderating inherent character as it relates to fraudulent behaviour and the variable importance of the fraud triangle elements across the pathways to accountant fraud.Originality/value– This paper provides direct evidence on the nature and pathways to accountant fraud, thus improving understanding of a significant category of occupational fraud. The evidence challenges conventional characterisations of accountant fraud offenders in prior research.
Critical success factors of supply chain management: a literature survey and Pareto analysis
Authors: Ab Talib Mohamed Syazwan , Abdul Hamid Abu Bakar , Thoo Ai Chin 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is three pronged. First, to review the existing critical success factors (CSF) literature in the context of supply chain management (SCM). Second, to analyze the occurrence frequency of every possible CSF in SCM literature. Third, to identify the “vital few” and the “useful many” CSF that are harmonized across the SCM field.

Design/methodology/approach
– A time-specific and term-sensitive literature review technique is undertaken to generate a list of possible CSF in SCM. The review yielded 55 papers, but only 26 empirical CSF papers were selected for analysis as the reliability and validity of the factors had been rigorously tested. Consequently, a Pareto analysis approach was applied to trace the CSF frequency of occurrence in SCM literature. By performing a Pareto analysis, this present study is able to identify and categorize the “vital few” and “useful many” CSF that are consistent throughout various fields of SCM. The review and results are tabulated and a Pareto diagram has been constructed to provide a summary of findings.

Findings
– Out of the 26 selected empirical papers, 25 potent CSF in SCM literature have been extracted. From the Pareto analysis, nine CSF represent 80.68 percentage of occurrence which is regarded as the “vital few” CSF in SCM. The remaining 16 CSF represent 19.32 percentage of occurrence and is regarded as the “useful many” CSF in SCM. The nine “vital CSF” are immensely important, because in order to achieve supply chain and operation success, one must recognize the few vital factors that are responsible for the larger impact onto the industry compared to the other 16 “useful many” CSF.

Practical implications
– The study offers some sense of assistance to SCM managers in highlighting the vital few CSF that matter most, regardless of their nature of SCM fields. Thus, saving their energy, time, and resources in determining the critical pieces of information. For academicians, this study provides a platform for future SCM CSF research and the results could aid researchers in developing the research instrument.

Originality/value
– This study is the first attempt to apply Pareto analysis for SCM CSF studies and critically analyzing a wide range of SCM CSF literature. The result could allow supply chain managers to focus on the internal factors, as it could implicate the external factors, and is vital for sustainable supply chain operation, plus, it could stimulate potential researcher opportunities in linking SCM CSF and firm performance.
Effect of position and height of a shield on convective heat transfer performances of plate fin heat sink
Authors: Bouchenafa Rachid , Saim Rachid , Abboudi Said , Öztop Hakan  F. 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the thermal and dynamic performance of the plate-fin heat sink fitted with a shield in the bypass.

Design/methodology/approach
– The governing equations were solved using the finite volume method based on the SIMPLE algorithm. The k-ω Shear Stress Transport was used to model turbulence. The thermal and dynamic results were presented in term of average Nusselt number and friction factor, respectively. The effect of the height (Hs=6, 10 and 13) and the position (X=0, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3 and 3/4) of the shield was studied for a Reynolds number ranging from 2×103 to 12×103 and compared with a heat sink without shield. To evaluate the performance of different heat sink geometries, the efficiency was presented and discussed.

Findings
– By adding a shield in the bypass, a greater amount of air is injected between the heat sink fins, which improves the heat transfer (advantage) of the one part, and increases the friction on the other hand (disadvantage). The efficiency of the heat sink varies inversely proportional with the Reynolds number.

Originality/value
– The originality of this work is the method for enhancement of heat transfer.
Information and punitiveness: trial reconstruction in Ireland
Authors: Sato Mai , Hough Mike 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to report results from a rape trial reconstruction in Ireland.

Design/methodology/approach
– A studio audience of 100 members of the Irish public were selected to attend a TV programme by the Republic of Ireland’s national broadcasting organisation. This involved the examination of the sentencing of a rape case. The audience’s sentencing preferences were measured at the outset, when they had been given only summary information about the case, and later, when full details had been disclosed.

Findings
– Previous research examining changes in public attitudes to crime and punishment has shown that deliberation, including the provision of new information and discussion with others and experts, tends to decrease public punitiveness and increase public leniency towards sentencing. An experiment in Ireland, however, showed that providing information does not invariably and necessarily moderate punitive attitudes. This paper presents the results, and offers some explanations for the anomalous outcome.

Research limitations/implications
– The pre/post design, in which the audience served as their own controls, is a weak one, and participants may have responded to what they took to be the agenda of the producers. Due to the quality of the sample, the results may not be generalisable to the broader Irish population.

Practical implications
– Policy makers should recognise that the public is not uniformly punitive for all crimes. There is good research evidence to show that the apparent public appetite for tough punishment is illusory, and is a function of the way that polls measure public attitudes to punishment. Sentencers and those responsible for sentencing policy would benefit from a fuller understanding of the sorts of cases which illicit strong punitive responses from the public, and the reasons for this response. However any such understanding should not simply translate into responsiveness to the public’s punitive sentiments – where these exist. Innovative survey methods – like this experiment – which attempt to look beyond the top-of-the-head opinions by providing information and opportunities for deliberation should be welcomed and used more widely.

Originality/value
– There have been limited research studies which reports factors which may increase punitiveness through the provision of information and deliberation.
‘Gay Enclaves Face Prospect of Being PassÉ': How Assimilation Affects the Spatial Expressions of Sexuality in the United States
Authors: Ghaziani Amin 
Published: June 2015

AbstractJournalists, activists and academics alike predict that gay neighborhoods in the United States will disappear, yet many of their claims are unsubstantiated or overly determined by economic factors. This article examines 40 years of media accounts to identify the mechanisms that explain why these urban areas are changing. I begin with the observation that the rate of assimilation of sexual minorities into mainstream society has accelerated in today's so‐called ‘post‐gay' era. Assimilation expands the residential imagination of gays and lesbians beyond the boundaries of a specific neighborhood to the entire city itself. Furthermore, as sexual orientation recedes in centrality in everyday life, residents opine that few care if a person self‐identifies as gay or straight. These two respective mechanisms of expansion and cultural sameness bring existing economic wisdom into dialogue with a cultural and political perspective about how our shifting understandings of sexuality also affect the decisions we make about where to live and socialize.
Efflux pump‐deficient mutants as a platform to search for microbes that produce antibiotics
Authors: Molina‐Santiago Carlos , Udaondo Zulema , Daddaoua Abdelali , Roca Amalia , Martín Jesús , Pérez‐Victoria Ignacio , Reyes Fernando , Ramos Juan‐Luis 
Published: June 2015

SummaryPseudomonas putida DOT‐T1E‐18 is a strain deficient in the major antibiotic efflux pump (TtgABC) that exhibits an overall increased susceptibility to a wide range of drugs when compared with the wild‐type strain. We used this strain as a platform to search for microbes able to produce antibiotics that inhibit growth. A collection of 2400 isolates from soil, sediments and water was generated and a drop assay developed to identify, via growth inhibition halos, strains that prevent the growth of DOT‐T1E‐18 on solid Luria–Bertani plates. In this study, 35 different isolates that produced known and unknown antibiotics were identified. The most potent inhibitor of DOT‐T1E‐18 growth was an isolate named 250J that, through multi‐locus sequence analysis, was identified as a Pseudomonas sp. strain. Culture supernatants of 250J contain four different xantholysins that prevent growth of Gram‐positive bacteria, Gram‐negative and fungi. Two of the xantholysins were produced in higher concentrations and purified. Xantholysin A was effective against Bacillus, Lysinibacillus and Rhodococcus strains, and the effect against these microbes was enhanced when used in combination with other antibiotics such as ampicillin, gentamicin and kanamycin. Xantholysin C was also efficient against Gram‐positive bacteria and showed an interesting antimicrobial effect against Pseudomonas strains, and a synergistic inhibitory effect with ampicillin, chloramphenicol and gentamicin.
An international perspective of advanced practice nursing regulation
Authors: Heale R. , Rieck Buckley C. 
Published: June 2015

BackgroundThere is no common understanding about the role of the advanced practice nurse across the globe and there is wide variation in the regulation of advanced practice nursing roles as well as their educational, licensing and credentialing requirements.AimThe goal of this research was to examine the status of advanced practice nursing regulation globally.MethodsAn online survey link was emailed to National Nursing Associations and nursing health policy makers worldwide from June to December 2011. Questions focused on regulation, education, scope of practice, and barriers and opposition. Analysis included frequency statistics and descriptive data for survey questions and content analysis for two open‐ended questions.LimitationsThe survey was offered online and only in English. Therefore, technology and language barriers may have influenced the results.ResultsThere is wide variation in educational requirements, regulation and scope of practice of advanced practice nurses. The barriers to advanced practice nursing are often linked to the status of legislation and credentialing in specific jurisdictions.ConclusionA database of advanced practice nursing regulation and issues related to practice has the potential to become a valuable resource for individual countries.Implications for nursing and health policyEach country has unique challenges related to health policy for advanced practice nursing roles. International nursing organizations have established programmes for regulation development; however, a stronger focus on monitoring regulation and more effective dissemination of information about available supports may have a bigger impact on the development and revision of health policy related to advanced practice nursing.
From new findings in acne pathogenesis to new approaches in treatment
Authors: Gollnick H. P. M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAcne is a chronic disease of the pilosebaceous unit which is most common during adolescence. Four factors are believed to play a key role in the development of acne lesions: excess sebum production, disturbed keratinization within the follicle, colonization of the pilosebaceous duct by Propionibacterium acnes, and the release of inflammatory mediators into the skin. Consequently, in order to effectively and rapidly reduce acne lesions, treatments need to address as many of these underlying factors as possible. Currently, about half of patients have poor adherence to acne treatments. To overcome this limitation, treatments need to be developed which are well tolerated by patients, and easy for them to use, handle and apply. Topical monotherapies for acne such as retinoids and antimicrobials by themselves have a restricted range of actions against the pathogenic factors of acne. Instead, the Global Alliance to Improve Outcomes in Acne Group recommends combination therapy with a topical retinoid and an antimicrobial agent as the preferred approach for almost all acne patients. The principal advantage of such combinations is that they target more of the underlying pathogenic factors of acne than individual monotherapies and this results in faster and more complete clearing of acne lesions. Fixed‐dose combinations are also more convenient than applying two medications separately, which leads to improved adherence with the regimen. By normalizing desquamation, the retinoid component of these combinations allows entry of the antimicrobial agent into the pilosebaceous unit resulting in faster clearance of P. acnes. In conclusion, topical retinoid/antimicrobial fixed‐dose combinations represent a rational approach for the treatment of acne. They should be considered as the cornerstone of acne management and should be used much more in the future.
Pressure placed on paediatric haematopoietic stem cell donors: Views from health professionals
Authors: Then Shih‐Ning 
Published: June 2015

AimPaediatric haematopoietic stem cell donors undergo non‐therapeutic procedures and endure known and unknown physical and psychosocial risks for the benefit of a family member. One ethical concern is the risk that they may be pressured by parents or health professionals to act as a donor. This paper adds to what is known about this topic by presenting the views of health professionals.MethodsThis qualitative study involved semi‐structured interviews with 14 health professionals in Australasia experienced in dealing with paediatric donors. Transcripts were analysed using established qualitative methodologies.ResultsHealth professionals considered that some paediatric donors experience pressure to donate. Situations that were likely to increase the risk of pressure being placed on donors were identified, and views were expressed about the ethical ‘appropriateness’ of these practices within the family setting.ConclusionsChildren may be subject to pressure from family and health professionals to be tested and act as donors, Therefore, our ethical obligation to these children extends to implementing donor‐focused processes – including independent health professionals and the appointment of a donor advocate – to assist in detecting and addressing instances of inappropriate pressure being placed on a child.
Bioactive natural products with anti-herpes simplex virus properties
Authors: Hassan Sherif T S , Masarčíková Radka , Berchová Kateřina 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Objectives
In this review, we highlight and summarise the most promising extracts, fractions and pure compounds as potential anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV) agents derived from microorganisms, marine organisms, fungi, animals and plants. The role of natural products in the development of anti-HSV drugs will be discussed.

Key findings
Herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 and -2) are common human pathogens that remain a serious threat to human health. In recent years, a great interest has been devoted to the search for integrated management of HSV infections. Acyclovir and related nucleoside analogues have been licensed for the therapy that target viral DNA polymerase. Although these drugs are currently effective against HSV infections, the intensive use of these drugs has led to the problem of drug-resistant strains. Therefore, the search for new sources to develop new antiherpetic agents has gained major priority to overcome the problem.

Summary
Natural products as potential, new anti-HSV drugs provide several advantages such as reduced side effects, less resistance, low toxicity and various mechanisms of action. This paper aims to provide an overview of natural products that possess antiviral activity against HSV.
Antioxidant and renoprotective activity of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin in nephrectomized rats
Authors: Anraku Makoto , Iohara Daisuke , Wada Koki , Taguchi Kazuaki , Maruyama Toru , Otagiri Masaki , Uekama Kaneto , Hirayama Fumitoshi 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Objectives
Oxidative stress is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic renal failure (CRF). In this study, the effect of cyclodextrins (CDs) on oxidative stress and CRF was investigated using 5/6 nephrectomized rats as model animals.

Methods
CRF model rats were divided into five groups and treated for 8 weeks as follows: control, α-CD, β-CD, γ-CD and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HP-β-CD). Blood was collected from the rats after 4 and 8 weeks for an analysis of renal function and oxidative stress tests were carried out.

Key findings
An oral administration of HP-β-CD over an 8-week period resulted in a significant decrease in serum indoxyl sulphate, creatinine and urea nitrogen levels, compared with the other CDs. The ingestion of HP-β-CD also resulted in an increase in antioxidant potential, compared with the other CDs. In in vitro studies, the interaction of HP-β-CD with a uremic toxin, indole molecule, was much higher than that for the other CDs, as evidenced by Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) measurements.

Conclusions
These results suggest that the ingestion of HP-β-CD might result in a significant reduction in the levels of pro-oxidants in the gastrointestinal tract, such as uremic toxins, thereby inhibiting the subsequent development of oxidative stress in the systemic circulation.