bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency of Manuscript Publication Following Presentation of EMS Abstracts at National Meetings
Authors: Clemency Brian M. , Thompson Jeffrey J. , Lindstrom Heather A. , Gurien Steven , Jaison Berly A. , Grates-Sciarrino Alexis A. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractIntroductionSpecialized knowledge and a scientific body of literature are the foundation of the recognition of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) as a subspecialty within emergency medicine (EM). Emergency Medical Services research often is presented at national meetings and published in abstract form, but full publication occurs less frequently.ProblemThe primary goal of the study was to determine the rate at which EMS-related research presented at selected conferences went on to manuscript publication. A secondary goal was the determination of the time to manuscript publication.MethodsA cross-sectional study of published abstracts from the 2003-2005 national meetings of the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP), Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM), National Association of EMS Physicians (NAEMSP), Association of Air Medical Services (AAMS), and the National Association of EMS Educators (NAEMSE) was conducted to identify EMS-related abstracts. PubMed (National Center for Biotechnology Information, Bethesda, Maryland USA) was searched using abstract title keywords and authors’ names to determine if the study had been published in a PubMed-indexed journal in the time since presentation and abstract publication.ResultsAbstracts for the five conferences were reviewed for 2003-2005. Six hundred and thirty-five EMS-related abstracts met the inclusion criteria. The total number of EMS abstracts presented and the percent subsequently published as a manuscript were: SAEM 135, 53.3%; ACEP 128, 48.4%; NAEMSP 282, 42.9%; AAMS 66, 33.3%; and NAEMSE 24, 16.7%. The overall rate of publication was 44.3%. The average time to publication was 22.2 months (SD = 16.5 months, range = 0-94 months).ConclusionLess than half of EMS abstracts go on to manuscript publication. This may represent missed opportunities for the growth of EMS as a subspecialty.ClemencyBM,ThompsonJJ,LindstromHA,GurienS,JaisonBA,Grates-SciarrinoAA.Frequency of manuscript publication following presentation of EMS abstracts at national meetings.Prehosp Disaster Med.2014;29(3):1-5.
Derivation of Optical Properties of Carbonaceous Aerosols by Monochromated Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy
Authors: Zhu Jiangtao , Crozier Peter A. , Ercius Peter , Anderson James R. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractMonochromated electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) is employed to determine the optical properties of carbonaceous aerosols from the infrared to the ultraviolet region of the spectrum. It is essential to determine their optical properties to understand their accurate contribution to radiative forcing for climate change. The influence of surface and interface plasmon effects on the accuracy of dielectric data determined from EELS is discussed. Our measurements show that the standard thin film formulation of Kramers−Kronig analysis can be employed to make accurate determination of the dielectric function for carbonaceous particles down to about 40 nm in size. The complex refractive indices of graphitic and amorphous carbon spherules found in the atmosphere were determined over the wavelength range 200–1,200 nm. The graphitic carbon was strongly absorbing black carbon, whereas the amorphous carbon shows a more weakly absorbing brown carbon profile. The EELS approach provides an important tool for exploring the variation in optical properties of atmospheric carbon.
Prisoner Disenfranchisement in the United Kingdom and the Scope of EU Law: United Kingdom Supreme Court
Authors: Lansbergen Anja 
Published: April 2014

On 16 October 2013 the United Kingdom Supreme Court delivered judgment in two conjoined cases that considered the legality of prisoner disenfranchisement. The Court considered both the compatibility of the disenfranchising provisions with the European Convention on Human Rights (‘the Convention’), and whether those provisions breached a right to vote acquired by the appellants under European Union law. In a unanimous judgment the Supreme Court dismissed the appeals, acknowledging the incompatibility of the relevant legislation with Article 3 of Protocol No. 1 of the Convention but declining to issue a declaration of incompatibility. The Supreme Court further held that EU law does not confer upon EU Citizens a substantive right to vote in European Parliamentary elections.The cases are significant on a number of levels. First, the nuanced arguments advanced before the Court tested the jurisdictional scope of EU law and its capacity to confer rights upon EU Citizens in the absence of cross-border movement. The claims thus held the potential to widen the jurisdiction of EU law along the trajectory outlined by such ECJ case-law as Ruiz Zambrano and Fransson. Secondly, those arguments probed the extent to which the European Charter of Fundamental Rights (‘the Charter’) imports Strasbourg jurisprudence into EU law and thus creates an alternative mechanism through which to enforce Convention rights. Finally, the decision evidences the constitutional tensions that emanate from discordant interpretations of fundamental rights by national and supranational courts from discordant interpretations of fundamental rights by national and supranational courts.
Greek Council of State
Authors: Kapotas Panos 
Published: April 2014

Ever since the days of Van Gend en Loos and Costa, national attitudes to the unilaterally proclaimed supremacy of EU law have invariably captured a great deal of academic and political attention. Since the mid-1990s most national constitutional courts have converged to the interpretative orthodoxy of a qualified acceptance of primacy, couched in a pluralist vision of the relationship between the EU and its Member States. As things stand at the moment, and especially against the backdrop of Declaration 17 of the Lisbon Treaty, primacy is expected to be the constitutionally recognised conflict resolution norm that national courts shall turn to in almost all circumstances.The Greek Council of State in its Judgment 3470/2011 does not break this pattern, even in the face of a politically sensitive issue. When considering whether an irrebuttable presumption of incompatibility between tenderers for public works contracts and owners or main shareholders of media corporations is permissible under EU law, the Greek court unequivocally accepts the relevant ECJ preliminary ruling in Michaniki and recalibrates its interpretation of the national constitution accordingly. In doing so, however, the Council of State reads an obligation for consistent interpretation into the constitution itself, thus turning the doctrine of indirect effect into a pragmatic tool for constitutional pluralism in action.
Experimental orthotopic transplantation of a tissue-engineered oesophagus in rats
Authors: Sjöqvist Sebastian , Jungebluth Philipp , Ling Lim Mei , Haag Johannes C. , Gustafsson Ylva , Lemon Greg , Baiguera Silvia , Angel Burguillos Miguel , Del Gaudio Costantino , Rodríguez Antonio Beltrán , Sotnichenko Alexander , Kublickiene Karolina , Ullman Henrik , Kielstein Heike , Damberg Peter , Bianco Alessandra , Heuchel Rainer , Zhao Ying , Ribatti Domenico , Ibarra Cristián , Joseph Bertrand , Taylor Doris A. , Macchiarini Paolo 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA tissue-engineered oesophageal scaffold could be very useful for the treatment of pediatric and adult patients with benign or malignant diseases such as carcinomas, trauma or congenital malformations. Here we decellularize rat oesophagi inside a perfusion bioreactor to create biocompatible biological rat scaffolds that mimic native architecture, resist mechanical stress and induce angiogenesis. Seeded allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells spontaneously differentiate (proven by gene-, protein and functional evaluations) into epithelial- and muscle-like cells. The reseeded scaffolds are used to orthotopically replace the entire cervical oesophagus in immunocompetent rats. All animals survive the 14-day study period, with patent and functional grafts, and gain significantly more weight than sham-operated animals. Explanted grafts show regeneration of all the major cell and tissue components of the oesophagus including functional epithelium, muscle fibres, nerves and vasculature. We consider the presented tissue-engineered oesophageal scaffolds a significant step towards the clinical application of bioengineered oesophagi.
Green preparation of reduced graphene oxide for sensing and energy storage applications
Authors: Bo Zheng , Shuai Xiaorui , Mao Shun , Yang Huachao , Qian Jiajing , Chen Junhong , Yan Jianhua , Cen Kefa 
Published: April 2014

AbstractPreparation of graphene from chemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO) is recognized as one of the most promising methods for large-scale and low-cost production of graphene-based materials. This study reports a new, green and efficient reducing agent (caffeic acid/CA) for GO reduction. The CA-reduced GO (CA-rGO) shows a high C/O ratio (7.15) that is among the best rGOs prepared with green reducing reagents. Electronic gas sensors and supercapacitors have been fabricated with the CA-rGO and show good performance, which demonstrates the potential of CA-rGO for sensing and energy storage applications.
High performance polymer solar cells with as-prepared zirconium acetylacetonate film as cathode buffer layer
Authors: Tan Zhan'ao , Li Shusheng , Wang Fuzhi , Qian Deping , Lin Jun , Hou Jianhui , Li Yongfang 
Published: April 2014

AbstractLow-work-function active metals are commonly used as cathode in polymer solar cells (PSCs), but sensitivity of the active metals towards moisture and oxygen results in poor stability of the devices. Therefore, solution-proceessable and stable cathode buffer layer is of great importance for the application of PSCs. Here we demonstrate high performance PSCs by employing as-prepared zirconium acetylacetonate (a-ZrAcac) film spin-cast from its ethanol solution as cathode buffer layer. The PSCs based on a low bandgap polymer PBDTBDD as donor and PC60BM as acceptor with a-ZrAcac/Al cathode demonstrated an average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.75% which is significantly improved than that of the devices with traditional Ca/Al cathode. The improved photovoltaic performance is benefitted from the decreased series resistance and enhanced light harvest of the PSCs with the a-ZrAcac/Al cathode. The results indicate that a-ZrAcac is a promising high performance cathode buffer layer for fabricating large area flexible PSCs.
Rewiring yeast osmostress signalling through the MAPK network reveals essential and non-essential roles of Hog1 in osmoadaptation
Authors: Babazadeh Roja , Furukawa Takako , Hohmann Stefan , Furukawa Kentaro 
Published: April 2014

AbstractMitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) have a number of targets which they regulate at transcriptional and post-translational levels to mediate specific responses. The yeast Hog1 MAPK is essential for cell survival under hyperosmotic conditions and it plays multiple roles in gene expression, metabolic regulation, signal fidelity and cell cycle regulation. Here we describe essential and non-essential roles of Hog1 using engineered yeast cells in which osmoadaptation was reconstituted in a Hog1-independent manner. We rewired Hog1-dependent osmotic stress-induced gene expression under the control of Fus3/Kss1 MAPKs, which are activated upon osmostress via crosstalk in hog1Δ cells. This approach revealed that osmotic up-regulation of only two Hog1-dependent glycerol biosynthesis genes, GPD1 and GPP2, is sufficient for successful osmoadaptation. Moreover, some of the previously described Hog1-dependent mechanisms appeared to be dispensable for osmoadaptation in the engineered cells. These results suggest that the number of essential MAPK functions may be significantly smaller than anticipated and that knockout approaches may lead to over-interpretation of phenotypic data.
Experimental realisation of micromachined terahertz waveguide‐fed antipodal tapered slot antenna
Authors: Lu Hongda , Lv Xin , Zhou Kai , Liu Yong 
Published: April 2014

A terahertz (THz) waveguide‐fed antipodal tapered slot antenna (ATSA) based on silicon micromachined technology is proposed. The ATSA is composed of an antipodal tapered slots structure and a WR2.2 feeding waveguide, monolithically fabricated by deep reactive‐ion etching, and sputtering gold and gold–gold thermo‐compression bonding. The input return loss is tested and shows a level below −15 dB within 480 to 500 GHz. The gaussicity of radiation patterns at the working band is calculated to be 90%. Through further experiment, at 492 GHz, the ATSA exhibits asymmetric beamwidths of 25.5° and 25° in the E‐ and H‐ planes, respectively, and sidelobes below −8 dB, along with a 14.6 dB gain, which agree well with the simulated results. The proposed THz waveguide‐fed ATSA is suitable for use as a feeder of THz imaging and detection systems.
Single‐layer reflectarray with combination of element types
Authors: Yoon Ji Hwan , Kim Jae‐sik , Yoon Young Joong , Lee Woo‐sang , So Joon‐ho 
Published: April 2014

A single‐layer reflectarray with a combination of element types is proposed. Three element types—square patch, square ring and ring‐loaded patch (RLP)—are used together to design the reflectarray by compensating for the drawbacks of one type by the others. The gain of the proposed reflectarray is 29.1 dBi, which is 1.9 dB higher than that of the reference reflectarray that was designed with only the RLP.
Wide linear range orthogonal micro‐fluxgate with multi‐segmented core
Authors: Guo Bo , Liu Shibin , Nan Qinbo , Yang Shanglin , Hou Xiaowei , Feng Wenguang 
Published: April 2014

A method to increase the linear operating range and improve the sensitivity of orthogonal micro‐fluxgates through multi‐segmented core was introduced in this study. The multi‐segmented core consisted of several rows, and each row consisted of many segments. The simulated results showed that segmented cores had the same effect on increasing demagnetisation of axial direction compared with shortened cores. Moreover, metameric cores produced longer core length and more turns of detection coils, which was beneficial for sensitivity. Longer excitation wire corresponding to the multi‐segmented core produced higher input impedance, which reduced the useless power consumption in driving circuit. The test results showed that: the linear operating range increased as the number of segments; the sensitivity increased as the number of the rows; the spectrum characteristic did not disturb by increasing the number of the rows or segments; the magnetic noise increases with increasing the number of segments and decreases with increasing the number of rows; and finally the additive range of ±800 μT, sensitivity of 43.4 V/T and magnetic noise of 28.4 nT/rtHz at 1 Hz were achieved with ten rows five segments core structure in an orthogonal micro‐fluxgate.
Humoral response to a viral glycan correlates with survival on PROSTVAC-VF
Authors: Campbell Christopher T. , Gulley James L. , Oyelaran Oyindasola , Hodge James W. , Schlom Jeffrey , Gildersleeve Jeffrey C. 
Published: April 2014

SignificanceBecause individual cancer patients differ considerably in their clinical benefits from immunotherapies, early indicators of response could help physicians personalize treatments. Unfortunately, conventional clinical response criteria can be misleading for cancer vaccines. Herein, we show that early humoral responses to xenogenic Forssman disaccharide displayed on PROSTVAC-VF’s viral vectors correlate with long-term survival of vaccinated prostate cancer patients. The survival correlation for anti-Forssman responses was observed consistently when PROSTVAC-VF was used either as monotherapy or combined with the radiopharmaceutical Quadramet. Monitoring postvaccination anti-Forssman humoral responses could offer a simple indicator of response many months before conventional clinical response criteria become reliable. Finally, this study suggests that modifying glycans may improve poxvirus-based vaccines even when not specifically designed to target glycans.
Tau mutants bind tubulin heterodimers with enhanced affinity
Authors: Elbaum-Garfinkle Shana , Cobb Garrett , Compton Jocelyn T. , Li Xiao-Han , Rhoades Elizabeth 
Published: April 2014

Significance
The microtubule binding protein tau is implicated in the pathology of a number of devastating neurological disorders. Both loss of function arising from altered interactions with microtubules and gain of toxic function tied to tau aggregation are thought to have a role in disease etiology. Here, we demonstrate that point mutants of tau implicated in disease enhance the affinity between tau and tubulin dimers. Our results lend insight into the mechanism of tau-mediated microtubule polymerization. Importantly, our findings highlight the significance of the interaction between tau and free tubulin, introducing it as a new focus for research on the role of tau in neurodegeneration.
Fundamental differences between Arctic and Antarctic ozone depletion
Authors: Solomon Susan , Haskins Jessica , Ivy Diane J. , Min Flora 
Published: April 2014

SignificanceFundamental differences in observed ozone depletion between the Arctic and the Antarctic are shown, clarifying distinctions between both average and extreme ozone decreases in the two hemispheres. Balloon-borne and satellite measurements in the heart of the ozone layer near 18−24 km altitude show that extreme ozone decreases often observed in the Antarctic ozone hole region have not yet been measured in the Arctic in any year, including the unusually cold Arctic spring of 2011. The data provide direct evidence that heavily depleted air contains reduced nitric acid abundances, and better quantify the roles of polar stratospheric cloud chemistry and temperatures below −80 °C to −85 °C in ozone destruction.
Light intensity modulates the regulatory network of the shade avoidance response in
Arabidopsis
Authors: Hersch Micha , Lorrain Séverine , de Wit Mieke , Trevisan Martine , Ljung Karin , Bergmann Sven , Fankhauser Christian 
Published: April 2014

Significance
Plants sense foliar shade and neighbors who may become competitors for light. Shade-sensitive species elongate in response to both situations to enhance access to unfiltered sunlight, which is known as the shade avoidance response (SAR). During neighbor detection, plants have access to plenty of light (energy resources), whereas in true shade, light resources are scarce. Our analysis of the molecular mechanisms underlying SAR under these contrasting conditions shows that light intensity balances the production and sensitivity of the growth hormone auxin. In foliar shade, the production of auxin is reduced, whereas the downstream sensitivity to the auxin signal is enhanced. This hints at a resource-aware signaling where the strength of the hormonal signal is tuned to the available resources.
Regional cerebral metabolic patterns demonstrate the role of anterior forebrain mesocircuit dysfunction in the severely injured brain
Authors: Fridman Esteban A. , Beattie Bradley J. , Broft Allegra , Laureys Steven , Schiff Nicholas D. 
Published: April 2014

Significance
Establishing consciousness in the human brain requires an ensemble activity of multiple cortical and subcortical structures. Following severe brain injuries, widespread deafferentation and neuronal death alter function across the corticothalamic system and its projections to the basal ganglia. In this paper, we test a theoretical model of a mesocircuit mechanism likely to arise in all severe brain injuries. Specifically, reduction of resting glucose metabolism within the central thalamus, striatum, and frontoparietal cortices and concomitant increases in metabolism within the globus pallidus as a result of disinhibition are proposed to arise across etiologies of injury. Here we verify this prediction and demonstrate a reversal of metabolic profile of central thalamus and globus pallidus that characterizes and indexes the patients’ behavioral level.
X-ray structure of human aquaporin 2 and its implications for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and trafficking
Authors: Frick Anna , Eriksson Urszula Kosinska , de Mattia Fabrizio , Öberg Fredrik , Hedfalk Kristina , Neutze Richard , de Grip Willem J. , Deen Peter M. T. , Törnroth-Horsefield Susanna 
Published: April 2014

Significance
Human aquaporin 2 (AQP2) is found in the kidney collecting duct, where it translocates water across the apical membrane and is crucial for urine concentration. AQP2 is regulated by trafficking between intracellular storage vesicles and the apical membrane, a process that is tightly controlled by the pituitary hormone arginine vasopressin. Defective AQP2 trafficking leads to nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), a water balance disorder characterized by large urine volumes, leading to dehydration. We have solved the X-ray structure of human AQP2 at 2.75 Å resolution. This structure deepens our molecular understanding of AQP2 trafficking, as well as serves as a structural scaffold for understanding why AQP2 mutations cause NDI.
[2Fe-2S] cluster transfer in iron–sulfur protein biogenesis
Authors: Banci Lucia , Brancaccio Diego , Ciofi-Baffoni Simone , Del Conte Rebecca , Gadepalli Ravisekhar , Mikolajczyk Maciej , Neri Sara , Piccioli Mario , Winkelmann Julia 
Published: April 2014

Significance
Biogenesis of iron–sulfur proteins is a complex process requiring a large number of accessory proteins. In eukaryotes, [2Fe-2S] clusters are synthesized in mitochondria on a scaffold protein. The cluster is then released to monothiol glutaredoxin 5 (GRX5), which was proposed to mediate the transfer of [2Fe-2S] clusters from the scaffold protein to several target proteins, but its precise molecular function remains to be clarified. By investigating the molecular recognition between human GRX5 and its partner proteins (human ISCA1 and ISCA2) and characterizing at the molecular level the cluster transfer process between them, we have shown that a switch between two conformational states of holo GRX5 drives the cluster transfer event, which occurs by a specific protein–protein recognition process.
Low glucose relates to greater aggression in married couples
Authors: Bushman Brad J. , DeWall C. Nathan , Pond Richard S. , Hanus Michael D. 
Published: April 2014

SignificancePeople are often the most aggressive against the people to whom they are closest—intimate partners. Intimate partner violence might be partly a result of poor self-control. Self-control of aggressive impulses requires energy, and much of this energy is provided by glucose derived from the food we eat. We measured glucose levels in 107 married couples over 21 days. To measure aggressive impulses, participants stuck 0–51 pins into a voodoo doll that represented their spouse each night, depending how angry they were with their spouse. To measure aggression, participants blasted their spouse with loud noise through headphones. Participants who had lower glucose levels stuck more pins into the voodoo doll and blasted their spouse with louder and longer noise blasts.