bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stratégies citationnelles dans Die Soldaten de Bernd Alois Zimmermann
Authors: Viens Lise 
Published: August 2013

L’auteure examine trois extraits de l’opéra Die Soldaten (1958-60, 1962-64) de Bernd Alois Zimmermann et montre comment la citation est venue fournir des solutions aux problèmes compositionnels rencontrés la dans conception d’une œuvre dramaturgique à ce moment crucial dans l’évolution vers la formulation du pluralisme musical, technique compositionnelle définie par le compositeur vers 1960 et visant à traduire une conception sphérique du temps. Ces trois passages sont la deuxième scène du deuxième acte (janvier 1960), où l’insertion d’un choral de Bach est venue résoudre le problème de la représentation simultanée de trois scènes, « Intermezzo » du même acte (avril 1963), privilégiant également un choral de Bach comme fondement du complexe (à la manière d’un cantus firmus) et enfin, le « Preludio » (novembre 1962), où la démultiplication du Dies Irae en canon proportionnel révèle à la fois la fascination de Zimmermann pour les techniques polyphoniques franco-flamandes et l’importance structurelle qu’accorde le compositeur aux passages citants, ici non plus au centre d’une structure tripartite comme dans les deux cas précédents, mais comme aboutissement du processus dramaturgique.
Post-World War II Rhythm and Blues: Jump Blues, Club Blues,
and Roy Brown
Authors: Bowman Rob 
Published: August 2013

The classification of different styles of North American popular music has often been
problematic. This paper investigates some of the music referred to as rhythm and blues
(r & b) in the late 1940s and early 1950s by specifically looking at the works of one of
the music's leading practitioners of the time, Roy Brown. Brown recorded both jump and
club blues between 1947 and 1955, placing fifteen records in the Top 20 of the Billboard
rhythm and blues charts.
For the purposes of this paper fifty-four of the seventy-four songs that Brown recorded
in this period were analyzed with respect to structure, performing force, performance
style, tempo, arrangement, bass lines, approach to the beat, rate of singing, vocal
ornamentation, and lyric content and structure. Three main subdivisions were found
within Brown's repertoire, all connected to social behaviour, namely, dance. In the
process, a basic biography of Brown is provided and his influence on many subsequent
rhythm and blues and rock and roll performers is contextualized.
Common Ownership and Equality of Autonomy
Authors: di Robilant Anna 
Published: August 2013

In recent years, common ownership has enjoyed unprecedented favour
among policy-makers and citizens in the United States, Canada, and
Europe. Conservation land trusts, affordable-housing co-operatives,
community gardens, and neighbourhood-managed parks are spreading
throughout major cities. Normatively, these common-ownership regimes
are seen as yielding a variety of benefits, such as a communitarian
ethos in the efficient use of scarce resources, or greater freedom to
interact and create in new ways. The design of common-ownership
regimes, however, requires difficult trade-offs. Most importantly,
successful achievement of the goals of common-ownership regimes
requires the limitation of individual co-owners’ ability to
freely use the common resource, as well as to exit the common-ownership
arrangement.
This article makes two contributions. First, at the normative level, it
argues that common ownership has the potential to help foster greater
“equality of autonomy”. By “equality of
autonomy”, I mean more equitable access to the material and
relational means that allow individuals to be autonomous. Second, at
the level of design, this article argues that the difficult trade-offs
of common-ownership regimes should be dealt with by grounding the
commitment to equality of autonomy in the context of specific
resources. In some cases, this resource-specific design helps to
minimize or avoid difficult trade-offs. In hard cases, where trade-offs
cannot be avoided, this article offers arguments for privileging
greater equality of autonomy over full negative freedom.
Declining rates of work‐related overexertion back injuries among union drywall installers in Washington State, 1989–2008: Improved work safety or shifting of care?
Authors: Schoenfisch Ashley L. , Lipscomb Hester J. , Marshall Stephen W. , Casteel Carri , Richardson David B. , Brookhart M. Alan , Cameron Wilfrid 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIntroductionConstruction workers are at high risk of work‐related musculoskeletal back disorders, and research suggests medical care and costs associated with these conditions may be covered by sources other than workers' compensation (WC). Little is known about the back injury experience and care seeking behavior among drywall installers, a high‐risk workgroup regularly exposed to repetitive activities, awkward postures, and handling heavy building materials.MethodsAmong a cohort of 24,830 Washington State union carpenters (1989–2008), including 5,073 drywall installers, we identified WC claims, visits for health care covered through union‐provided health insurance and time at risk. Rates of work‐related overexertion back injuries (defined using WC claims data) and health care utilization for musculoskeletal back disorders covered by private health insurance were examined and contrasted over time and by worker characteristics, stratified by type of work (drywall installation, other carpentry).ResultsDrywall installers' work‐related overexertion back injury rates exceeded those of other carpenters (adjusted IRR 1.63, 95% CI 1.48–1.78). For both carpentry groups, rates declined significantly over time. In contrast, rates of private healthcare utilization for musculoskeletal back disorders were similar for drywall installers compared to other carpenters; they increased over time (after the mid‐1990s), with increasing years in the union, and with increasing numbers of work‐related overexertion back injuries.ConclusionsObserved declines over time in the rate of work‐related overexertion back injury, as based on WC claims data, is encouraging. However, results add to the growing literature suggesting care for work‐related conditions may be being sought outside of the WC system. Am. J. Ind. Med. 57:184–194, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cleaning and asthma characteristics in women
Authors: Dumas Orianne , Siroux Valérie , Luu Frédéric , Nadif Rachel , Zock Jan‐Paul , Kauffmann Francine , Le Moual Nicole 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to assess the associations between occupational exposure to cleaning products, a gender‐related exposure, and asthma characteristics, considering clinical, immunological and inflammatory aspects.MethodsAnalyses were conducted in 391 women (73 with adult‐onset asthma) from the follow‐up of the Epidemiological Study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma (EGEA). Occupational exposure to cleaning/disinfecting products was estimated using the asthma‐specific job‐exposure‐matrix (44 women exposed).ResultsOccupational exposures were associated with more symptomatic asthma (odds ratio (95% CI): 2.8(1.2–6.4)) and severe asthma (5.1(1.7–15.3)). An association was suggested for poorly controlled asthma (2.2(0.9–5.5)). Associations were observed for asthma without positive skin prick test (3.0(1.1–8.3)), with a low IgE level (2.8(1.2–6.2)), and with a low eosinophil count (3.2(1.5–7.1)).ConclusionsResults strengthen the evidence of a deleterious role of cleaning products in asthma and are consistent with the hypothesis of non‐allergic mechanisms in relation to workplace cleaning exposures. Am. J. Ind. Med. 57:303–311, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Katalytische Wasserspaltung und Solarbrennstoffzellen: künstliche Blätter auf dem Vormarsch
Authors: Joya Khurram Saleem , Joya Yasir F. , Ocakoglu Kasim , van de Krol Roel 
Published: August 2013

AbstractDie Erschließung von erneuerbaren Ressourcen zur Herstellung sauberer Brennstoffe aus reichlich vorhandenen und einfach zugänglichen Ressourcen zählt derzeit zu den anspruchsvollsten Aufgaben der Wissenschaft. Katalytische Prozesse zur Wasserspaltung mithilfe von Solarenergie können als Quelle für Elektronen und Protonen zur Erzeugung sauberer Brennstoffe wie Wasserstoff sowie zur Sequestrierung von CO2 und dessen Umwandlung in kohlenstoffarme Energieträger genutzt werden. In letzter Zeit wurden große Anstrengungen unternommen, um ein eigenständiges Element zur Umwandlung von Solarenergie in Brennstoff zu bauen: ein “künstliches Blatt”, das mit Licht und Wasser als Rohstoffen arbeitet. Hier werden jüngste Fortschritte bei elektrochemischen und photoelektrokatalytischen Wasserspaltungssystemen vorgestellt, die sowohl Wasser oxidierende molekulare Komplexe als auch nanostrukturierte Anordnungen zur Entwicklung eines künstlichen Photosyntheseapparats nutzen.
Allen's Rule Revisited: Temperature Influences Bone Elongation During a Critical Period of Postnatal Development
Authors: Serrat Maria A. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTLimbs of animals raised at warm ambient temperature are significantly and permanently longer than those of siblings housed in the cold. These highly reproducible lab results closely parallel the ecogeographical tenet described by Allen's extremity size rule, which states that appendage length correlates with temperature and latitude. It is unclear what mechanisms underlie these differences and in what pattern they emerge, since the morphology is traditionally thought to reflect naturally selected genomic adaptations for thermoregulation. This study tests the a posteriori hypothesis that adult extremity length is subject to substantial modification by temperature during a brief but critical period of early postnatal development. Weanling mice (N = 28) were divided into three groups and housed at 7°C, 21°C, or 27°C for eight weeks. Tail lengths and body mass were measured weekly. Mass did not differ at any age. Analysis of tail elongation curves revealed two distinct phases: an initial period of rapid temperature‐sensitive growth in which elongation rate was directly impacted by temperature; and a second phase of continued growth in which rates were identical among groups. Comparable growth reactions occur in response to other environmental variables such as exercise, suggesting that the skeleton is most responsive to external stimuli during a window of heightened sensitivity when growth occurs most rapidly. Knowledge of the timing and degree to which growth plasticity permits mammals to immediately adjust to novel temperature conditions will be important for analyzing skeletal variation in fluctuating climates, particularly for assessing factors that may accelerate skeletal evolution at temperature extremes. Anat Rec, 296:1534–1545, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ovarian Follicular Morphometry of South American Fur Seal Pups (Arctophoca australis)
Authors: Katz Helena , Johansson Olle 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to analyze the morphometric characteristics of ovarian follicles and their distribution in the ovarian cortex in South American fur seal pups (Arctophoca australis). Samples were obtained from animals stranded in the Uruguayan Atlantic coast. Ovaries were dissected, fixed, weighed, and processed by standard histological techniques. Ovarian weight increased with pup age and body length. There was an increase in the diameter of the oocytes (22.24 ± 0.6 to 68.2 ± 5.3 µm), the nuclei (10.04 ± 0.2 to 20.7 ± 1.6 µm), and follicles (30.4 ± 1.2 to 252.6 ± 53.6 µm) of type 1 to type 5 follicles; there was a wide range of variation in the diameter of follicle type 4 and 5. Granulosa layer thickness increased between follicles type 3 and 4, whereas between type 4 and 5 there was a reduction. Thecal layer from follicles type 3 and 4 consisted of 1–2 layers of cells, whereas type 5 showed an increase in thickness (3.13 ± 0.3 to 13.8 ± 5.2 µm). Follicles type 1 and 2 occupied superficial regions within the ovarian cortex while the remaining follicles had a deeper location. These results provide a basis for comparison with females of other age categories as well as follicular dynamics studies in South American fur seals. Anat Rec, 296:1658–1663, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Horizontal gene transfer in eukaryotes: The weak‐link model
Authors: Huang Jinling 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe significance of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in eukaryotic evolution remains controversial. Although many eukaryotic genes are of bacterial origin, they are often interpreted as being derived from mitochondria or plastids. Because of their fixed gene pool and gene loss, however, mitochondria and plastids alone cannot adequately explain the presence of all, or even the majority, of bacterial genes in eukaryotes. Available data indicate that no insurmountable barrier to HGT exists, even in complex multicellular eukaryotes. In addition, the discovery of both recent and ancient HGT events in all major eukaryotic groups suggests that HGT has been a regular occurrence throughout the history of eukaryotic evolution. A model of HGT is proposed that suggests both unicellular and early developmental stages as likely entry points for foreign genes into multicellular eukaryotes.
Deep Red to Near‐Infrared Emitting Rhenium(I) Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, Electrochemistry, Photophysics, and Electroluminescence Studies
Authors: Yu Tao , Tsang Daniel Ping‐Kuen , Au Vonika Ka‐Man , Lam Wai Han , Chan Mei‐Yee , Yam Vivian Wing‐Wah 
Published: August 2013

AbstractA series of triarylamine‐containing tricarbonyl rhenium(I) complexes, [BrRe(CO)3(N^N)] (N^N=5,5′‐bis(N,N‐diaryl‐4‐[ethen‐1‐yl]‐aniline)‐2,2′‐bipyridine), has been designed and synthesized by introducing a rhenium(I) metal center into a donor‐π‐acceptor‐π‐donor structure. All of the complexes showed an intense broad structureless emission band in dichloromethane at around 680–708 nm, which originated from an excited state of intraligand charge transfer (3ILCT) character from the triarylamine to the bipyridine moiety. Upon introduction of the bulky and electron‐donating pentaphenylbenzene units attached to the aniline groups, the emission bands were found to be red shifted. The nanosecond transient absorption spectra of two selected complexes were studied, which were suggestive of the formation of an initial charge‐separated state. Computational studies have been performed to provide further insight into the origin of the absorption and emission. One of the rhenium(I) complexes has been utilized in the fabrication of organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), representing the first example of the realization of deep red to near‐infrared rhenium(I)‐based OLEDs with an emission extending up to 800 nm.
Base‐Stabilized Boryl and Cationic Haloborylene Complexes of Iron
Authors: Bissinger Philipp , Braunschweig Holger , Damme Alexander , Dewhurst Rian D. , Kraft Katharina , Kramer Thomas , Radacki Krzysztof 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe synthesis of base‐stabilized boryl and borylene complexes is reported. An N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC)‐stabilized iron–dihydroboryl complex was prepared by two different routes including methane liberation and salt elimination. A range of base‐stabilized iron–dichloroboryl complexes was prepared by addition of Lewis bases to boryl complexes. Base‐stabilized, cationic monochloroborylene complexes were synthesized from these boryl complexes by halide abstraction by using weakly coordinating anions.
The beneficial effect of metformin on β‐cell function in non‐obese Chinese subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes
Authors: Bi Y. , Tong G. Y. , Yang H. J. , Cai M. Y. , Ma J. H. , Liang J. , Xin B. , Miao H. , Peng Z. H. , Zhu D. L. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAimStudies with metformin suggest a favourable change in β‐cell function over sulphonylureas in the early course of obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but it remains unclear whether a similar effect is observed in non‐obese individuals. Here we investigated the effects of metformin or glipizide gastrointestinal therapeutics system extended‐release formulation (GITS) on β‐cell function in non‐obese patients with newly diagnosed T2DM.MethodsA total of 160 newly diagnosed patients with fasting glucose 7.0–13.0 mmol/L and body mass index <30 kg/m2 from five centres in China were randomized to metformin or glipizide GITS for 24 weeks. Early insulin secretion [the ratio of area under the curve (AUC) of insulin to glucose during 0–30 min (InsAUC30/GluAUC30)] and insulin sensitivity [Matsuda index (ISIM)] were assessed during the standard meal tolerance test before and after therapy. Plasma glucagon‐like peptide‐1(GLP‐1) and glucagon levels were also measured.ResultsMetformin improved InsAUC30/GluAUC30 significantly (from 8.1 ± 0.6 pmol/mmol to 10.7 ± 0.7 pmol/mmol, p < 0.05), comparable to results with glipizide GITS. In the metformin‐treated lean (body mass index < 25 kg/m2) subgroup, the increase in ISIM was not significant, but the improvement in InsAUC30/GluAUC30 was of great magnitude. Increased GLP‐1 responses during meal tolerance test and decreased fasting glucagon level were observed after metformin treatment. Correlation analysis showed that the improvement of InsAUC30/GluAUC30 was associated with the changes in HbA1c (r = −0.374, p = 0.000), ISIM (r = 0.356, p = 0.001), and ΔGLP‐10–30 (r = 0.225, p = 0.02).ConclusionsMetformin improved β‐cell function in non‐obese subjects with newly diagnosed T2DM, which was partly independent of the change in insulin sensitivity in these subjects. This study provides evidence‐based data to support metformin use in non‐obese patients with T2DM as the first‐line agent, which can improve both insulin sensitivity and β‐cell function. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New insights into mRNA trafficking in axons
Authors: Gumy Laura F. , Katrukha Eugene A. , Kapitein Lukas C. , Hoogenraad Casper C. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTIn recent years, it has been demonstrated that mRNAs localize to axons of young and mature central and peripheral nervous system neurons in culture and in vivo. Increasing evidence is supporting a fundamental role for the local translation of these mRNAs in neuronal function by regulating axon growth, maintenance and regeneration after injury. Although most mRNAs found in axons are abundant transcripts and not restricted to the axonal compartment, they are sequestered into transport ribonucleoprotein particles and their axonal localization is likely the result of specific targeting rather than passive diffusion. It has been reported that long‐distance mRNA transport requires microtubule‐dependent motors, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the sorting and trafficking of mRNAs into axons have remained elusive. This review places particular emphasis on motor‐dependent transport of mRNAs and presents a mathematical model that describes how microtubule‐dependent motors can achieve targeted trafficking in axons. A future challenge will be to systematically explore how the numerous axonal mRNAs and RNA‐binding proteins regulate different aspects of specific axonal mRNA trafficking during development and after regeneration. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 74: 233–244, 2014
Molecular determinants of the axonal mRNA transcriptome
Authors: Gomes Cynthia , Merianda Tanuja T. , Lee Seung Joon , Yoo Soonmoon , Twiss Jeffery L. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTAxonal protein synthesis has been shown to play a role in developmental and regenerative growth, as well as in cell body responses to axotomy. Recent studies have begun to identify the protein products that contribute to these autonomous responses of axons. In the peripheral nervous system, intra‐axonal protein synthesis has been implicated in the localized in vivo responses to neuropathic stimuli, and there is emerging evidence for protein synthesis in CNS axons in vivo. Despite that hundreds of mRNAs have now been shown to localize into the axonal compartment, knowledge of what RNA binding proteins are responsible for this is quite limited. Here, we review the current state of knowledge of RNA transport mechanisms and highlight recently uncovered mechanisms for dynamically altering the axonal transcriptome. Both changes in the levels or activities of components of the RNA transport apparatus and alterations in transcription of transported mRNAs can effectively shift the axonal mRNA population. Consistent with this, the axonal RNA population shifts with development, with changes in growth state, and in response to extracellular stimulation. Each of these events must impact the transcriptional and transport apparatuses of the neuron, thus directly and indirectly modifying the axonal transcriptome. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 74: 218–232, 2014
Low level epifluorescent detection of nanoparticles and DNA on dielectrophoretic microarrays
Authors: McCanna James P. , Sonnenberg Avery , Heller Michael J. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractCommon epifluorescent microscopy lacks the sensitivity to detect low levels of analytes directly in clinical samples, such as drug delivery nanoparticles or disease related DNA biomarkers. Advanced systems such as confocal microscopes may improve detection, but several factors limit their applications. This study now demonstrates that combining an epifluorescent microscope with a dielectrophoretic (DEP) microelectrode array device enables the detection of nanoparticles and DNA biomarkers at clinically relevant levels. Using DEP microarray devices, nanoparticles and DNA biomarkers are rapidly isolated and concentrated onto specific microscopic locations where they are easily detected by epifluorescent microscopy. In this study, 40nm nanoparticles were detected down to 2–3 × 103/ul levels and DNA was detected down to the 200 pg/ml level. The synergy of epifluorescent microscopy and DEP microarray devices provides a new paradigm for DNA biomarker diagnostics and the monitoring of drug delivery nanoparticle concentrations. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Smad7 Modulates TGFβ Signaling During Cranial Suture Development to Maintain Suture Patency
Authors: Zhou Hao , Zou Shujuan , Lan Yu , Fei Wei , Jiang Rulang , Hu Jing 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT

Craniosynostosis, the premature fusion of one or more sutures between the calvarial bones, is a common birth defect. Mutations in genes encoding receptors for the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) family of signaling molecules have been associated with craniosynostosis, but how TGFβ signaling is regulated during suture development is not known. In the present study, we found that expression of Smad2 and Smad3, intracellular mediators of canonical TGFβ signaling, gradually increases during early postnatal suture development in rat in both the coronal suture (CS), which remains patent throughout life, and the posterior frontal suture (PFS), which undergoes programmed closure by postnatal day 22. The amounts of phosphorylated Smad2 and Smad3 proteins showed a similar gradual increase in the PFS and CS, but in the CS, Smad2/3 activation was suppressed after neonatal day 10. The suppression of Smad2/3 activation in the CS correlated with upregulation of Smad7 expression. We demonstrate that siRNA-mediated knockdown of Smad7 caused increased phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 and induced osseous obliteration of the CS from postnatal days 10 to 22. The Smad7 siRNA-induced CS closure was associated with significantly increased levels of Fgf10 and phosphorylated ERK1/2 in the suture mesenchyme. Moreover, addition of the Erk1/2 inhibitor U0126 partially blocked Smad7-siRNA–induced CS closure. These findings suggest that canonical TGFβ signaling induces suture closure at least in part through activation of FGF and ERK signaling and that Smad7 plays an important role in maintaining suture patency by suppressing canonical TGFβ signaling during suture development. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.