bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mineralogy, petrogenesis, and SIMS SHRIMP U-Pb age PGE-Cu-Ni deposit of the “Ore Horizon 330” of the Sopcha intrusion from the Paleoproterozoic layered Monchegorsk pluton, Kola Region, Russia
Authors: Chashchin Victor 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The results of a comprehensive research of the Ore Horizon 330 (OH330) deposit, which is located within the orthopyroxenite of the Sopcha intrusion of the layered Monchegorsk pluton (Monchepluton) in the Kola Region (Russia), are presented. The OH330 is a sill-like body 3300 m long, 1200 m wide, and 4–6 m thick. On its western flank, a regular alternation (from bottom to top) of interlayers of dunite, harzburgite and orthopyroxenite is observed. In term chemical compositions, olivine (Fo87–84) and orthopyroxene (En84–83) in the OH330 rocks have a similar compared to the Monchepluton rocks, differing only in lower Ni contents. The geochemical features of the OH330 rocks were defined by fractional crystallization and crustal contamination of the parental magma. The light rare earth elements (LREE) fractioning is typical of all OH330 rocks, with the (Ce/Sm)N values of 1.21 ppm in dunite, 1.69 ppm in harzburgite, and 1.81 ppm in orthopyroxenite. The trace element distribution in dunite and harzburgite is characterized by U, Ta, and Sr positive anomalies, whereas orthopyroxenite exhibits Nb and Ta negative anomalies. The following PT crystallization parameters were determined: liquidus temperature 1600–1470 °C, sodidus temperature 1290–1120 °C, and pressure 3.5 kbar. The SIMS SHRIMP U-Pb magmatic zircon age of the OH330 orthopyroxenite is 2492.5 ± 4.1 Ma, indicating that the OH330 is younger than the marginal zone rocks of the Monchepluton ultramafic subchamber. A concordant U-Pb age of 2818.0 ± 3.1 Ma was obtained for the xenocryst zircon population, which corresponds to the age of the Archean granitoid basement rocks.
The effect of cutting technique on the mortality and resprouting vigour of hybrid poplar stumps
Authors: Eberhard Benno , Magagnotti Natascia , Kovac Barnabas , Konstantinaviciene Julija , Spinelli Raffaele 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Short rotation coppice is a modern industrial crop and its profitability depends on the mechanization of all management operations. Once the crop is mature, trees can be felled with a variety of machines, but shears represent the most effective solution. However, shears can inflict a certain degree of stump damage, which has raised concerns about stump mortality and re-sprouting vigour - both crucial to coppice regeneration. This study compared the mortality and resprouting vigour of stumps cut with shears and with chainsaws – the latter representing the control treatment. Measurements were taken on 6 compartments on 5 sites. On each compartment, between 9 and 10 sample plots were established, each consisting of two parallel row segments containing 10 live stumps each (e.g. 20 stumps per sample plot). One row segment was cut with a shear-type felling head, the other with a chainsaw-type felling head. One year after cutting, researchers determined for each stump the following parameters: diameter of the stump, number of live shoots, diameter and height of the 5 tallest shoots. Data were pooled into a structured database and statistically analysed using R open software. Site fertility had a very strong effect on the resprouting vigour. Cutting technique had no effect on stump survival and a very small effect on resprouting vigour, which was represented by a consistently larger number of shoots on stumps cut with shears. Even if not significant at the selected alpha level, the data also suggested that the five dominant shoots sprouted after shear cutting might not grow as fast as those sprouted after chainsaw cutting A likely explanation could be found in the harder competition resulting from the larger number of shoots; that would reduce the growth potential of dominant individuals on less fertile sites.
Analysis of Patient Experiences Regarding JAK Inhibitors for Atopic Dermatitis, Psoriasis, Alopecia Areata, and Vitiligo
Authors: Sharma Divya , Gart Sophie , Kitrell Bo , Lonowski Sarah , Arthur Megan , Wei Erin X. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The use of medications which target the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, also known as janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, has rapidly increased in recent years. Patient perceptions, opinions, and concerns regarding the use of JAK inhibitors are largely uninvestigated. Our objective is to better understand patient concerns, reported side effects, and sentiments regarding the use of JAK inhibitors for dermatologic disease. The authors performed a cross-sectional analysis of the most frequented subreddits for dermatologic disease in which JAK inhibitors have obtained FDA approval (r/atopic dermatitis, r/psoriasis, r/alopecia areata, r/vitiligo, and r/eczeJAKS). The sentiment, central theme, and engagement level of each post was evaluated using previously utilized methods. Nine hundred twenty-three posts were analyzed, with the majority focusing on efficacy (433, 47%) and medication-related side effects (150, 16%). Other themes of interest to patients were Payment/Insurance (84, 9%), Study Results/News (69, 7%), Administration/Dosage (33, 4%), and Medication Interactions (31, 3%). The most frequently reported side effects were acne/folliculitis (24, 22%), nausea/gastrointestinal disturbance (11,10%), and fatigue/muscle aches (10, 9%). At the same time, the medication interactions garnering the most concern were sunscreens/facial moisturizers (5, 16%), topical calcineurin inhibitors (4, 13%), and Marijuana/THC (3, 9.%). This analysis highlights that patients are most concerned about the efficacy and side effects of JAK inhibitors in addition to issues regarding access to JAK inhibitors. Providers can use the insights gained from this study to address hesitancy better and guide comprehensive, patient-centered discussions with patients regarding JAK inhibitor use.
eCAR: edge-assisted Collaborative Augmented Reality Framework
Authors: Jeon Jinwoo , Woo Woontack 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In collaborative augmented reality (CAR), data communication that synchronizes virtual objects results in large network traffic and high network latency. CAR applications without continuous data communication for coordinate system alignment exhibit virtual object inconsistencies. However, as the number of collaborative devices increases, In addition, synchronization messages for online virtual object updates experience high latency. To solve this problem, we propose a novel edge-assisted multiuser CAR framework, eCAR, for a large indoor environment. The framework utilizes edge computing to match the coordinate system of a device with less network traffic continuously. Further, we extend the co-visibility graph of the edge server for maintaining the spatial–temporal consistency of virtual objects in neighboring devices by synchronizing a local graph. We evaluated the proposed system quantitatively and qualitatively using a public dataset and physical indoor environment. The eCAR communicates data for coordinate system alignment between the edge server and devices with less network traffic and latency. The proposed system continuously aligns coordinate systems with multiple devices in a large indoor environment and shares augmented reality content. Our system enables users to interact with virtual objects and share augmented reality experiences with neighboring users.
Optimizing the performance of high-speed optical fiber communication systems employing multiple-quantum well lasers through dispersion- compensating fibers
Authors: Ahmed Moustafa , Rizk Tamer , Mahmoud Alaa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

We present a numerical modeling and simulation study on the performance of optical fiber communication systems employing a multiple-quantum-well (MQW) semiconductor laser operating at a wavelength of 1.55 μm with high bit rates ranging between 10 and 40 Gb/s. The performance of the fiber system is assessed through various measures, including the eye diagram of the received signal, the characteristic relationship between the bit error rate (BER) and received power, as well as the limitations on the maximum fiber length imposed by attenuation and dispersion at each specific bit rate. The possibility of enhancing system performance is examined by utilizing dispersion-compensating fiber (DCF) along with standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) to increase the limited length of SSMF. The results reveal that when the bit rate increases from 10 to 40 Gb/s, the dispersion-limited fiber length decreases from 35.1 to 2.6, respectively. The addition of DCF results in a significant increase in the transmission fiber length. This enhancement in the fiber length is remarkable at the highest bit rate of 40 Gb/s, where this length reaches 39 km.
Novel flaB gene variants of Leptospira interrogans detected in leptospirosis patient samples from Western Province of Sri Lanka
Authors: Handunnetti Shiroma , de Silva Yomendra , Weerasena Jagathpriya , Fernando Narmada , Sathkumara Harindra , Chandrapadma Nadeema , Premawansa Sunil , Rajapakse Senaka 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Leptospirosis caused by pathogenic spirochaetes of Leptospira spp remains the most widespread zoonotic disease in the world. Clinical status in leptospirosis patients vary from asymptomatic, mild and severe/fatal outcomes. The objective of this study was to determine the species/genotypes of Leptospira that cause mild and severe infections from patient blood samples obtained from the Western Province in Sri Lanka.
Methods
DNA extracted from 60 blood samples of previously confirmed leptospirosis patients by Lipl32 based Real Time PCR, and clinically characterized as mild and severe (n = 30 each) were used to perform nested PCR with primers designed from flaB gene sequence.
Results
Of the 45 samples that gave a 725 bp fragment in flaB nested PCR, 24 and 21 were from severe and mild leptospirosis patients respectively. Of these flaB PCR positive samples, 16 which exhibited strong bands (9 severe cases and 7 mild) were selected for Sanger’s dideoxy sequencing. The sequences obtained from 16 samples were deposited in GenBank. Those partial flaB gene sequences showed highest similarity with L. interrogans sequences available in GenBank database. Phylogenetic analysis was performed with 82 other Leptospira flaB gene sequences (from the GenBank) by Neighbor-Joining method using MEGA 11 tool. According to dendrogram, 16 partial flaB gene sequences obtained in this study clustered together with L. interrogans. Three sequences, one from a severe leptospirosis patient and two from mild leptospirosis patients exhibited novel mutations. Protein structural changes determined due to these three mutant nucleotide sequences were subjected to computational analysis with template FlaB protein. The predicted amino acid substitutions in these three mutant sequences are highly likely to destabilize the FlaB protein in the flagellum. Such predictions highlight the need for further studies to assess how these mutations/replacements may change protein structure and thereby have possible impact on pathogenicity/virulence of different isolates of L. interrogans which will provide data to determine the prevalent species/genotypes in patients with different disease severity and also target species/serovars for the development vaccine(s) and diagnostics.
Grr1-mediated Ubp3 degradation is crucial for HAC1 mRNA translation and unfolded stress response in yeast
Authors: 稲田 利文 , Sato Nichika , Tomomatsu Shota , Li Sihan , Matsuo Yoshitaka , Nakano Yu , Matsuki Yasuko 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In the process of the unfolded protein response (UPR), the Hac1p protein is induced through a complex regulation of the HAC1 mRNA. This includes the mRNA localization on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and stress-triggered splicing. In yeast, a specific ribosome ubiquitination process, the monoubiquitination of eS7A by the E3 ligase Not4, facilitates the translation of HAC1i, which is a spliced form of the HAC1 mRNA. Upon UPR, the mono-ubiquitination of eS7A increases due to the downregulation of Ubp3, a deubiquitinating enzyme of eS7A. However, the exact mechanisms behind these regulations have remained unknown. In this study, a novel E3 ligase, Grr1, an F-box protein component of the SCF ubiquitin ligase complex, which is responsible for Ubp3 degradation, has been identified. Grr1 is crucial to maintain the level of eS7A monoubiquitination upon UPR and HAC1i mRNA translation. In addition to the crucial role of untranslated regions in HAC1i mRNA translation, eS7A monoubiquitination facilitates Hac1 expression depending on the ORF of HAC1i. In summary, the proposed model is that the Grr1-mediated degradation of Ubp3 upregulates eS7A monoubiquitination, leading to HAC1i translation. This study highlights the crucial role of ribosome ubiquitination in translational control during UPR.
Embracing a New Pedagogical Paradigm: Exploring the Effective Integration of ICT Approaches in English Language Teaching for Technical Students
Authors: Binu  
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This research delves into the effective integration of Information Communication Technology (ICT) methods within English Language Teaching (ELT) for technical students. It investigates strategies to optimize ICT tools for enhancing language learning in technical education contexts. The study aims to explore practical approaches that leverage ICT resources to improve language proficiency among technical students, considering their unique learning needs and environments. Through this investigation, it seeks to uncover best practices for seamlessly integrating ICT into English language instruction tailored to technical education settings. The paper introduces Information and Communications Technology with machine learning algorithms (ICT-MLA), a framework designed for enhancing the online English teaching audit process. This framework aims to simulate teaching methodologies that align with the specific needs of online English teaching. Addressing the significance of ICT integration in ELT, the article focuses on identifying potential obstacles in the integration process. It emphasizes leveraging analytical data and reporting through a Hybrid Learning Management System (HLMS) to pinpoint training and learning gaps. The study proposes the use of Information Gain (IG) as a feature selection method to reduce noise and enhance classifier influence by identifying relevant features for language learning outcome prediction or analysis. Additionally, the paper introduces a novel Hedge Backpropagation (HBP) method aimed at effectively updating neural network parameters in an online setting. The efficacy of this method is validated across diverse large-scale datasets, encompassing both stationary and concept-drifting scenarios. The overall accuracy value using the Python tool is 98.6% which is better than existing methods.
Performance evaluation of ICX reactor in treatment of paper mill wastewater: a case study in South Vietnam
Authors: Dang Tuan Minh Truong , Bui Ha Manh 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

This study evaluates the performance of the Internal Circulation eXperience (ICX) reactor in treating high-strength paper mill wastewater in the south of Vietnam. The ICX reactor effectively managed organic concentrations (sCOD) of up to 11,800 mg/L. Results indicate a volumetric loading rate (VLR) of 26.8 kg/m3 × day, achieving processing efficiency exceeding 81% while consistently maintaining volatile fatty acids (VFA) below 300 mg/L. The study employed Monod and Stover–Kincannon kinetic modeling, revealing dynamic parameters including Ks = 56.81 kg/m3, Y = 0.121 kgVSS/kgsCOD, Kd = 0.0242 1/day, μmax = 0.372 1/day, Umax = 151 kg/m3 × day, and KB = 175.92 kg/m3 × day, underscoring the ICX reactor's superior efficiency compared to alternative technologies. Notably, the reactor's heightened sensitivity to VFA levels necessitates influent concentrations below 1,400 mg/L for effective sludge treatment. Furthermore, the influence of calcium on treatment efficiency requires post-treatment alkalinity maintenance below 19 meq/L to stabilize MLVSS/MLSS concentration. Biogas production ranged from 0.6 to 0.7 Nm3 biogas/kg sCOD; however, calcium impact diminished this ratio, reducing overall treatment efficiency and biogas production. The study contributes valuable insights into anaerobic treatment processes for complex industrial wastewaters, emphasizing the significance of controlling VFA, calcium, and alkalinity for optimal system performance.
Activated persulfate for efficient bisphenol A degradation via nitrogen-doped Fe/Mn bimetallic biochar
Authors: Cao Zexian , Yang Changhe , Zhang Wenqiang , Shao Huiliang 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

To achieve the purpose of treating waste by waste, in this study, a nitrogen-doped Fe/Mn bimetallic biochar material (FeMn@N-BC) was prepared from chicken manure for persulfate activation to degrade Bisphenol A (BPA). The FeMn@N-BC was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffract meter (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) and found that N doping can form larger specific surface area. Catalytic degradation experiments showed that Fe/Mn bimetal doping not only accelerated the electron cycling rate on the catalyst surface, but also makes the biochar magnetic and easy to separate, thus reducing environmental pollution. Comparative experiments was concluded that the highest degradation efficiency of BPA was achieved when the mass ratios of urea and chicken manure, Fe/Mn were 3:1 and 2:1, respectively, and the pyrolysis temperature was 800 °C, which can almost degrade all the BPA in 60 min. FeMn@N-BC/PS system with high catalytic efficiency and low consumables is promising for reuse of waste resources and the remediation of wastewater.
A Low Expression of NRF2 Enhances Oxidative Stress and Autophagy in Myofibroblasts, Promoting Progression of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Guan Pin , Cai Wentao , Zhong Chunrong , Jiang Fan , Wu Jinchan , Zhai Xin 
Published: August 2024

Background:
The inflammation phenotypes are often closely related to oxidative
stress and autophagy pathway activation, which could be developed as a treatment
target.

Aims:
The aim of this study was to explore the underlying mechanism of inflammation
in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods:
The lung tissue single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) dataset of GSE171541
was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The marker
genes were obtained from the CellMarker database. “Seurat” and “harmony” R packages
were used for single-cell profiling analysis. Then, the “AUCell” R package was employed
to calculate the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy pathway scores.
Gene regulation network analysis was performed by applying the “SCENIC” package,
followed by conducting correlation analysis with Spearman’s rank correlation method.
The cigarettes were used to develop a traumatic model in mice, and the expression of relevant
genes was measured by qRT-PCR.

Results:
The scRNA-seq analysis classified 12 cell subgroups in which the contractility
of myofibroblasts was closely associated with the progression of COPD. Further analysis
showed that ROS and autophagy pathways were significantly activated in myofibroblasts
and that the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and its mediated
oxidative stress pathway were inhibited in myofibroblasts. In addition, the downregulated
NRF2 gene was negatively correlated with the expression of autophagy and ROS activation.
In the traumatic mice model, NRF2 was downregulated in COPD mice but further
elevated in the COPD+NRF2 mice group. Interestingly, the mRNA levels of Kelchlike
ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), NADPH oxidase (NOX), and Cathepsin B (CTSB)
were upregulated in COPD group in comparison to the control group but they were
downregulated by NRF2. These results suggested that low-expressed NFR2 promoted
autophagy and ROS pathway activation in myofibroblasts for COPD progression.

Conclusion:
We identified a cell myofibroblast cluster closely associated with COPD
progression using the scRNA-seq analysis. The downregulated NFR2, as a key risk factor,
mediated myofibroblast death by activating the oxidative stress and autophagy pathway
for COPD progression.
Investigation of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi for Premature Ovarian Insufficiency based on a Network Pharmacology and Experiment Verifications
Authors: Cai Wang-Yu , Luo Xi 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Premature ovarian insufficiency [POI] is a disease characterized by a
premature decline in ovarian function before the age of 40. In China, Ligustrum lucidum [FLL]
has long been used to improve ovarian function and treat POI.

Methods:
This study aims to verify the effect of FLL on POI through network pharmacology,
molecular docking, and in-vitro cell experiments.

Results:
A total of 13 active substances were screened in FLL, including including quercetin,
taxifolin, luteolin, kaempferol, and beta-sitosterol. Then, network analysis found that FLL may
exert effects on POI through 10 targets, including AR, ESR1, ESR2, KDR, CYP19A1, CLPP,
GC, MMP3, PPARG, and STS. According to GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, FLL is associated
with mechanisms related to estrogen, including steroid hormone biosynthesis, ovarian
steroidogenesis, and the estrogen signaling pathway. Molecular docking confirms the interaction
between the active ingredients of FLL and CYP19A1, which encodes aromatase. CCK8
experiment confirmed that quercetin and taxifolin can enhance the proliferation of KGN granulosa
cells, while quercetin, taxifolin, and kaempferol can inhibit the apoptosis of KGN granulosa
cells. ELISA experiments have confirmed that quercetin, taxifolin, luteolin, and
kaempferol can increase the synthesis of estradiol in KGN granulosa cells. WB confirms that
quercetin can increase the expression level of CYP19A1 in KGN cells.

Conclusion:
FLL can improve the proliferation, apoptosis, and synthesis of estradiol in ovarian
granulosa cells, and has the potential to treat POI.
Herbal Insights: Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Indian Dietary Herbs in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Management
Authors: Ritu  , Kaur Prabhnain , Vishwakarma Vishal Kumar , Singh Aditya , Goyal Ramesh K 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy (DCM) poses a substantial healthcare challenge,
necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies. This review delves into the evolving role of traditional
Indian dietary herbs in managing DCM, aiming to shed light on their potential contributions.

Methods:
A comprehensive examination of the existing body of literature was conducted, synthesizing
data from studies exploring the effects of various Indian dietary herbs on DCM. Molecular
mechanisms, clinical outcomes, and safety profiles were scrutinized to establish a holistic
perspective on their therapeutic potential.

Results:
The review illuminates the multifaceted benefits of Indian dietary herbs in DCM management.
These herbs have demonstrated efficacy in mitigating cardiac dysfunction, reducing
oxidative stress, and modulating inflammatory responses. Molecular insights highlight their role
in the intricate signaling pathways underlying DCM. Furthermore, their safety profiles render
them promising candidates for adjunct therapy.

Conclusion:
Indian dietary herbs emerge as promising allies in the battle against DCM, offering
a holistic approach to the management of this intricate condition. Their cardioprotective effects,
coupled with their ability to address the underlying molecular mechanisms, herald a new era in
DCM therapy. This review underscores the need for further research to harness the potential of
these herbs fully and provides a beacon of hope for individuals affected by DCM.