bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Burden of ischemic stroke attributable to a high red meat diet in China, 1990–2019: analysis based on the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study
Authors: Jin Shuai , Xia Kaide , Sun Baofei , Xie Lang , Zhang Haiwang 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThe burden of ischemic stroke (IS) linked to high consumption of red meat is on the rise. This study aimed to analyze the mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) trends for IS attributed to high red meat intake in China between 1990 and 2019 and to compare these trends with global trends.MethodsThis study extracted data on IS attributed to diets high in red meat in China from 1990 to 2019 from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) database. Key measures, including mortality, DALYs, age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR), and age-standardized DALYs rates (ASDR), were used to estimate the disease burden. The estimated annual percentage change and joinpoint regression models were employed to assess the trends over time. An age-period-cohort analysis was used to assess the contribution of a diet high in red meat to the age, period, and cohort effects of IS ASMR and ASDR.ResultsBetween 1990 and 2019, deaths and DALYs from IS attributed to a diet high in red meat in China, along with corresponding age-standardized rates, significantly increased. The overall estimated annual percentage change for the total population and across sex categories ranged from 1.01 to 2.08. The average annual percentage changes for overall ASDR and ASMR were 1.4 and 1.33, respectively, with male ASDR and ASMR average annual percentage changes at 1.69 and 1.69, respectively. Contrastingly, female ASDR and ASMR average annual percentage changes were 1.07 and 0.87, respectively. Except for a few periods of significant decrease in females, all other periods indicated a significant increase or nonsignificant changes. Incidence of IS linked to a diet high in red meat rose sharply with age, displaying increasing period and cohort effects in ASDR. Female ASMR period and cohort effect ratios initially increased and then decreased, whereas the male ratio showed an upward trend.ConclusionThis study comprehensively analyzed epidemiological characteristics that indicated a marked increase in mortality and DALYs from IS attributable to high red meat consumption, contrasting with a global downtrend. This increase was more pronounced in males than females. This research provides valuable insights for enhancing IS prevention in China.
Effects and safety of Ophiocordyceps sinensis preparation in the adjuvant treatment for dialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Meixi , Cui Chengji , Chang Tianying , Zhou Qingshan , Cui Yingzi , Zhang Shoulin , Liao Xing 
Published: July 2024

Ethnopharmacological relevanceOphiocordyceps sinensis (O. sinensis), a genus of ascomycete fungi, has been widedly used in China as a dietary supplement or natural remedy and intensively studied in various disease models with its immunomodulatory potentials. It is a rich source of various bioactive compounds and used for treating end-stage renal disease. This systematic review with clinical evidence aimed to highlight the efficacy and safety of O. Sinensis as an adjuvant treatment for patients undergoing dialysis.Materials and methodsA systematic search through nine electronic databases up to 31 April 2024, was conducted for related studies. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to evaluate the quality of studies. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system was used to assess the certainty of evidence. Two researchers independently searched the literature and evaluated the risk of bias.ResultsAfter the screening, 35 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 2,914 patients were eventually included. The meta-analysis showed that using O. sinensis effectively reduced the following outcomes in patients undergoing dialysis: C-reactive protein (15RCTs, MD = −2.22, 95% CI −3.24 to −1.20; very low certainty evidence); creatinine (22RCTs, MD =1.33, 95% CI −1.79 to −0.87; very low certainty evidence); blood urea nitrogen (21RCTs, MD = −1.57, 95% CI −2.07 to −1.07; low certainty evidence);. It could also effectively improve the following outcomes in patients undergoing dialysis: albumin (20RCTs, MD = −0.81, 95% CI −1.21 to −0.41; low certainty evidence); hemoglobin (19RCTs, MD = −1.00, 95% CI −1.43 to −0.57; low certainty evidence). The rate of adverse drug reactions was higher in the control group than in the experimental group (4RCTs, MD = 1.81, 95% CI 0.88–3.74).ConclusionThe current evidence indicates that patients with dialysis receiving O. sinensis in the adjuvant treatment may improve nutritional and micro-inflammatory status and renal function for both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients. However, some limitation affected the generalizability of our findings. High-quality studies evaluating mortality outcomes of patients with different dialytic modalities in CKD are warranted in future.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022324508, registration number CRD42022324508.
Ginsenosides ameliorates high altitude-induced hypoxia injury in lung and kidney tissues by regulating PHD2/HIF-1α/EPO signaling pathway
Authors: Ji Peng , Zhang Zepeng , Mingyao E. , Liu Qing , Qi Hongyu , Hou Tong , Zhao Daqing , Li Xiangyan 
Published: July 2024

Background: The primary constituent of ginseng, known as ginsenosides (GS), has been scientifically demonstrated to possess anti-fatigue, anti-hypoxia, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. However, the effect and mechanisms of GS on tissue injury induced by high-altitude hypoxia still remain unclear.Aim of the study: This study aims to investigate the protective effect of GS on a high-altitude hypoxia model and explore its mechanism.Materials and methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were placed in a high-altitude simulation chamber for 48 h (equivalent to an altitude of 6,000 m) to establish a high-altitude hypoxia model. We assessed the anti-hypoxic efficacy of GS through blood gas analysis, complete blood count, and hemorheology analysis. We used H&amp;E and hypoxia probe assays to evaluate the protective effect of GS on organ ischemia-induced injury. Further, we used ELISA and qPCR analysis to detect the levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress markers. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were performed to determinate protein expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), erythropoietin (EPO), and prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2).Results: In the survival experiment of anoxic mice, 100 mg/kg of GS had the best anti-anoxic effect. GS slowed down the weight loss rate of rats in hypoxic environment. In the fluorescence detection of hypoxia, GS reduced the fluorescence signal value of lung and kidney tissue and alleviated the hypoxia state of tissue. Meanwhile GS improved blood biochemical and hematological parameters. We also observed that GS treatment significantly decreased oxidative stress damage in lung and kidney tissues. Further, the levels of inflammatory factors, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were reduced by GS. Finally, GS regulated the PHD2/HIF-1α/EPO signaling pathway to improve blood viscosity and tissue hyperemia damage.Conclusion: GS could alleviate high-altitude induced lung and kidney damage by reducing the level of inflammation and oxidative stress, improving blood circulation through the PHD2/HIF-1α/EPO pathway.
Melatonin modulates TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway to ameliorate cognitive impairment in sleep-deprived rats
Authors: Yin Chao , Zhang Meiya , Cheng Li , Ding Li , Lv Qing , Huang Zixuan , Zhou Jiaqi , Chen Jianmei , Wang Ping , Zhang Shunbo , You Qiuyun 
Published: July 2024

Sleep deprivation (SD) is commonplace in today’s fast-paced society. SD is a severe public health problem globally since it may cause cognitive decline and even neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease. Melatonin (MT) is a natural chemical secreted by the pineal gland with neuroprotective effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of MT on chronic sleep deprivation-induced cognitive impairment. A 3-week modified multi-platform method was used to create the SD rat model. The Morris water maze test (MWM), Tissue staining (including Hematoxylin and Eosin (H &amp; E) staining, Nissl staining, and immunofluorescence), Western blot, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of MT in ameliorating cognitive impairment in SD rats. The results showed that MT (50 and 100 mg/kg) significantly improved cognitive function in rats, as evidenced by a shortening of escape latency and increased time of crossing the platform and time spent in the quadrant. Additionally, MT therapy alleviated hippocampus neurodegeneration and neuronal loss while lowering levels of pathogenic factors (LPS) and inflammatory indicators (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS, and COX2). Furthermore, MT treatment reversed the high expression of Aβ42 and Iba1 as well as the low expression of ZO-1 and occludin, and inhibited the SD-induced TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. In summary, MT ameliorated spatial recognition and learning memory dysfunction in SD rats by reducing neuroinflammation and increasing neuroprotection while inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Our study supports the use of MT as an alternate treatment for SD with cognitive impairment.
Patient engagement in multimorbidity: a systematic review of patient-reported outcome measures
Authors: Barello Serena , Anderson Gloria , Bosio Caterina , Lane Deirdre A. , Leo Donato G. , Lobban Trudie C. A. , Trevisan Caterina , Graffigna Guendalina 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundPeople with multimorbidity are increasingly engaged, enabled, and empowered to take responsibility for managing their health status. The purpose of the study was to systematically review and appraise the psychometric properties of tools measuring patient engagement in adults with multimorbidity and their applicability for use within engagement programs.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycInfo were searched from inception to 1 July 2021. Gray literature was searched using EBSCO host-database “Open dissertation”. The reference lists of studies meeting the inclusion criteria were searched to identify additional eligible studies. The screening of the search results and the data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated with the COSMIN checklist. Relevant data from all included articles were extracted and summarized in evidence synthesis tables.ResultsTwenty articles on eight tools were included. We included tools that measure all four dimensions of patient engagement (i.e., engagement, empowerment, activation, and participation). Their psychometric properties were analyzed separately. Most tools were developed in the last 10 years in Europe or the USA. The comparison of the estimated psychometric properties of the retrieved tools highlighted a significant lack of reliable patient engagement measures for people with multimorbidity. Available measures capture a diversity of constructs and have very limited evidence of psychometric properties that are vital for patient-reported measures, such as invariance, reliability, and responsiveness.ConclusionThis review clarifies how patient engagement, as operationalized in measures purporting to capture this concept, overlaps with, and differs from other related constructs in adults with multimorbidity. The methodological quality of psychometric tools measuring patient engagement in adults with multimorbidity could be improved.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=259968, identifier CRD42021259968.
The last resort: reducing avoidable employee harm by improving the application of the disciplinary policy and process
Authors: Cooper Andrew , Teoh Kevin Rui-Han , Madine Ruth , Neal Adrian , Jones Aled , Hussain Ammarah , Behrens Doris A. 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThere is growing evidence within the healthcare sector that employee investigations can harm individuals involved in the process, an organization’s culture and the delivery of its services.MethodsThis paper details an intervention developed by an NHS Wales organization to reduce the number of its employee investigations through an organization-wide focus that promoted a ‘last resort’ approach and introduced the concept of ‘avoidable employee harm’. A range of associated improvement initiatives were developed to support behavior change among those responsible for determining whether an employee investigation should be initiated.ResultsOver a 13-month period, organizational records showed an annual reduction of 71% in investigation cases post-intervention, resulting in an estimated 3,308 sickness days averted annually and total estimated annual savings of £738,133 (based on direct savings and costs averted). This indicates that the organization has started to embrace the “last resort” approach to using employee investigations to address work place issues. The programme was supported with training for those responsible for commissioning and leading the organization’s employee investigations. Analysis of survey data from those who attended training workshops to support the programme indicated that participants showed an increased awareness of the employee investigation process post-workshop and an understanding of the concept of avoidable employee harm.DiscussionThe programme is congruent with the Healthy Healthcare concept, as the study illustrates how its practices and processes have a beneficial impact on staff, as well as potentially on patients. This study highlights wider issues for consideration, including the: (1) the role of Human Resources (HR), (2) taking a multi-disciplinary approach, (3) culture and practice, (4) the responsibility of the wider HR profession.
Sleep quality among emergency nurses and its influencing factors during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alrasheeday Awatif , Alsaeed Maha Ali , Alshammari Bushra , Alshammari Farhan , Alrashidi Asia Saad , Alsaif Turki Ahmed , Mahmoud Soha Kamel , Cabansag Dolores I. , Borja Ma Venus , Alsayed Ahmad R. , Elalem Omaima Mohamed , Nageeb Shaimaa Mohamed , Allam Rania Abd-Elnaby , Alhejaili Tahani Nasser , Alsulami Haneen Fahad , Siam Bahia Galal Abd Elrazik 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundCOVID-19 has probably contributed to sleep disturbance among nurses, especially those working at emergency departments (EDs). Sleep disorders in nurse managers can negatively impact their health and impair work performance and decision-making. This study aimed to explore the quality of sleep among nurses working in EDs and its influencing factors during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodIn this study, a cross-sectional design was employed to assess the sleep quality of nurses working in EDs during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research recruited a convenience sample of emergency nurses, who were selectively sourced from four hospitals in Hail City. This recruitment occurred over the period from April to July 2022. Descriptive data analysis was conducted using SPSS, with the significance level set at 0.05.ResultsAmong the 216 participants in the study, the majority (55.6%) were aged between 30 and 39 years, and 73.6% were female. Additionally, 64.4% were married, while 69.4% had a bachelor’s degree, 20% held a diploma, and the remaining had a master’s degree. Notably, a significant 81.5% of the nurses reported poor sleep quality, as assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), with an overall mean score of 10.55 indicating poor sleep. The study highlighted that poor sleep quality among nurses was linked to being female, being married, and not exercising regularly. Better sleep was associated with nurses who manage fewer patients per shift and have adequate monthly income.ConclusionThe prevalence of poor sleep quality among Emergency nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic is high. There is a pressing need for targeted interventions to enhance sleep quality among ED nurses. Improving sleep quality is not only essential for the wellbeing of these nurses but is also likely to contribute to better patient care.
The impact of a growth mindset on high school students’ learning subjective well-being: the serial mediation role of achievement motivation and grit
Authors: Zhao Wei , Shi Xiang , Jin Mingfei , Li Yangyang , Liang Chen , Ji Yilong , Cao Jiaxuan , Oubibi Mohamed , Li Xiaolin , Tian Yuan 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThe learning subjective well-being of high school students has significant value for their academic achievement and future life development. A growth mindset is one of the key factors affecting the learning subjective well-being of high school students. However, research on the mechanism by which a growth mindset affects learning subjective well-being is still relatively limited. Therefore, the study aims to investigate the impact of a growth mindset on the learning subjective well-being of high school students, as well as the role that achievement motivation and grit play as serial mediators in this relationship.MethodsThis study employed a convenience sampling method to select 708 high school students from Chinese public high schools as participants. The research utilized the Growth Mindset Scale, Achievement Motivation Scale, Grit Scale, and the Learning Subjective Well-being Questionnaire for High School Students to collect data. All data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0, employing Model 6 from Hayes’ SPSS PROCESS macro to test the serial mediation model.ResultsOur results found that (1) high school students’ growth mindset positively predicted their learning subjective well-being. (2) Achievement motivation played a mediating role between a growth mindset and learning subjective well-being among high school students. (3) Grit acted as a mediator between learning subjective well-being and growth mindset among high school students. (4) Achievement motivation and grit served as serial mediators between a growth mindset and learning subjective well-being among high school students.ConclusionA growth mindset can influence the learning subjective well-being of high school students through achievement motivation and grit. Educators can enhance the learning subjective well-being of high school students by implementing intervention strategies that foster a growth mindset, achievement motivation, and grit.
Coeliac disease and postpartum depression: are they linked? A two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yu Xiaomeng , Cheng Mosong , Zheng Jindan 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundTo explore the potential causal associations between coeliac disease(CD) and postpartum depression(PPD) by using two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR) analysis.MethodsThe IEU OPEN GWAS project was utilized to identify genetic loci strongly associated with CD as instrumental variables (IVs), and MR analysis was performed using inverse variance weighting(IVW), weighted median, weighted model, and MR-Egger. MR analyses were used to examine whether there was a link between CD and PPD, with an OR and 95% CI. Meanwhile, the relationship between CD and depression(DP) was analyzed using MR. The sensitivity analysis was conducted using MR-Egger intercept analysis, Cochran’s Q test, and leave-one-out analysis.ResultsFrom the GWAS online database, 13 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were chosen as IVs. The IVW results showed a relationship between PPD and a genetically predicted risk of developing CD (OR = 1.022, 95% CI: 1.001–1.044, P = 0.043). However, the presence of DP was not linked with CD (OR=0.991, 95% CI: 0.978–1.003, P=0.151). Potential horizontal pleiotropy was not discovered using MR-Egger intercept analysis (PPD: P=0.725; DP: P=0.785), and Cochran’s Q test for heterogeneity revealed no significant heterogeneity (PPD: P=0.486; DP: P=0.909). A leave-one-out analysis found that individual SNPs had minimal effect on overall causal estimations.ConclusionMR research discovered a link between CD and PPD.
Relational peer victimization and depression symptoms in young adults: longitudinal evidence from before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Vaillancourt Tracy , Brittain Heather 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionSome targets of relational peer victimization become depressed because of their poor treatment. These associations are well documented in youth but are rarely studied in adults.MethodsThe longitudinal pathways between relational peer victimization (being excluded, stonewalled, etc.) and symptoms of depression were examined in a sample of 392 young adults from Ontario, Canada using annual assessments from age 19 to 24. The role of the COVID-19 pandemic was also examined.ResultsLatent curve models with structured residuals indicated that individuals who reported greater relational peer victimization than others also reported more symptoms of depression (between-person association) and those who were more relationally victimized than their expected level were more depressed than expected (within-person association). During the COVID-19 pandemic, the within-time association between relational peer victimization and depression symptoms was reduced. Specifically, accounting for between-person effects and prior individual differences, we found a predicted decoupling of relational peer victimization and depression symptoms in the first year of the pandemic when social non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were heavily implemented in Ontario, but not the second year, when NPIs were relaxed (but not abandoned).DiscussionOur findings indicate that the social NPIs implemented in the initial year of the pandemic may have inadvertently led to a positive impact on the association between relational peer victimization and depression symptoms. This finding underscores the importance of minimizing interactions with abusive peers whenever feasible as a strategy to enhance mental well-being.
Analyzing shifts in fertilizer use with crop rotation practices in Saskatchewan across distinct periods from 1991–94 to 2016–19
Authors: Lika Elisabeta , Sutherland Chelsea , Gleim Savannah , Smyth Stuart J. 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionOver the last three decades, Saskatchewan, home to over 40% of Canada's cropland, has seen transformative shifts in dryland crop production. Notably, the adoption of herbicide-tolerant canola in 1995 and the increase in nitrogen-fixing pulse crops like lentils and chickpeas have moved agricultural practices away from traditional fallow and tilled fields to more continuous crop rotations.MethodsOur study, analyzing survey data from 1991–1994 and to 2016–2019, evaluates how these changes have influenced fertilizer usage, focusing on application rates, timing, and types.ResultsWe anticipated that integrating nitrogen-fixing pulses and genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) canola would promote more sustainable fertilization methods. Indeed, our results show significant reductions in nitrogen fertilizer use - by 49% to 73% in the earlier period and 3% to 19% more recently - due to the integration of these crops.DiscussionGMHT canola, by reducing the dependency on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers, demonstrates a shift in fertility dynamics by enhancing nutrient uptake efficiency. This adaptation has not only reduced fertilizer costs but also contributed to more sustainable crop management. These findings highlight the environmental benefits of updated crop rotations, emphasizing the improved efficiency of fertilizer use. More broadly, they highlight the potential of expanded pulse cultivation to boost agricultural sustainability and reduce greenhouse gas emissions through better nitrogen management. While the transferability of these findings may be limited by the study's regional focus and sample size, they hold value for informing sustainable practices in similar agricultural settings.