bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incident malignancies among older long‐term breast cancer survivors and an age‐matched and site‐matched nonbreast cancer comparison group over 10 years of follow‐up
Authors: Clough‐Gorr Kerri M. , Thwin Soe Soe , Bosco Jaclyn L. F. , Silliman Rebecca A. , Buist Diana S. M. , Pawloski Pamala A. , Quinn Virginia P. , Prout Marianne N. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Of the approximately 2.4 million American women with a history of breast cancer, 43% are aged ≥65 years and are at risk for developing subsequent malignancies.METHODS:Women from 6 geographically diverse sites included 5‐year breast cancer survivors (N = 1361) who were diagnosed between 1990 and 1994 at age ≥65 years with stage I or II disease and a comparison group of women without breast cancer (N = 1361). Women in the comparison group were age‐matched and site‐matched to breast cancer survivors on the date of breast cancer diagnosis. Follow‐up began 5 years after the index date (survivor diagnosis date or comparison enrollment date) until death, disenrollment, or through 15 years after the index date. Data were collected from medical records and electronic sources (cancer registry, administrative, clinical, National Death Index). Analyses included descriptive statistics, crude incidence rates, and Cox proportional hazards regression models for estimating the risk of incident malignancy and were adjusted for death as a competing risk.RESULTS:Survivors and women in the comparison group were similar: >82% were white, 55% had a Charlson Comorbidity Index of 0, and ≥73% had a body mass index ≤30 kg/m2. Of all 306 women (N = 160 in the survivor group, N = 146 in the comparison group) who developed a first incident malignancy during follow‐up, the mean time to malignancy was similar (4.37 ± 2.81 years vs 4.03 ± 2.76 years, respectively; P = .28), whereas unadjusted incidence rates were slightly higher in survivors (1882 vs 1620 per 100,000 person years). The adjusted hazard of developing a first incident malignancy was slightly elevated in survivors in relation to women in the comparison group, but it was not statistically significant (hazard ratio, 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 0.94‐1.47).CONCLUSIONS:Older women who survived 5 years after an early stage breast cancer diagnosis were not at an elevated risk for developing subsequent incident malignancies up to 15 years after their breast cancer diagnosis. Cancer 2013. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
The hematopoietic stem cell niche—home for friend and foe?
Authors: Krause Daniela S. , Scadden David T. , Preffer Frederic I. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche is involved in the maintainance and regulation of quiescence, self‐renewal and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells and the fate of their progeny in mammals dealing with the daily stresses to the hematopoietic system. From the discovery that perturbations of the HSC niche can lead to hematopoietic disorders, we have now arrived at the prospect that the HSC niche may play a role in hematological malignancies and that this HSC niche may be a target for therapy. This review attempts to capture the discoveries of the last few years regarding the normal and malignant hematopoietic stem cell niche and possible ways to target this niche. © 2012 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Mass modeling of fig (Ficus carica L.) fruit with some physical characteristics
Authors: Shahbazi Feizollah , Rahmati Satar 
Published: December 2012

AbstractHorticultural crops with the similar weight and uniform shape are in high demand in terms of marketing value, which are used as food. For proper design of grading systems, important relationships among the mass and other properties of fruits such as length, width, thickness, volumes, and projected areas must be known. The aim of this research was to measure and present some physical properties of fig fruits. In addition, Linear, Quadratic, S‐curve, and Power models are used for mass predication of fig fruits based on measured physical properties. The results showed that all measured physical properties were statistically significant at the 1% probability level. For mass predication of fig fruits, the best and the worst models were obtained based on criteria projected area and thickness of the fruits with determination coefficients (R2) of 0.984 and 0.664, respectively. At last, from economical standpoint, mass modeling of fig fruits based on first projected area is recommended.
Spectroscopic fingerprints of toroidal nuclear quantum delocalization via ab initio path integral simulations
Authors: Schütt Ole , Sebastiani Daniel 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWe investigate the quantum‐mechanical delocalization of hydrogen in rotational symmetric molecular systems. To this purpose, we perform ab initio path integral molecular dynamics simulations of a methanol molecule to characterize the quantum properties of hydrogen atoms in a representative system by means of their real‐space and momentum‐space densities. In particular, we compute the spherically averaged momentum distribution n(k) and the pseudoangular momentum distribution n(kθ). We interpret our results by comparing them to path integral samplings of a bare proton in an ideal torus potential. We find that the hydroxyl hydrogen exhibits a toroidal delocalization, which leads to characteristic fingerprints in the line shapes of the momentum distributions. We can describe these specific spectroscopic patterns quantitatively and compute their onset as a function of temperature and potential energy landscape. The delocalization patterns in the projected momentum distribution provide a promising computational tool to address the intriguing phenomenon of quantum delocalization in condensed matter and its spectroscopic characterization. As the momentum distribution n(k) is also accessible through Nuclear Compton Scattering experiments, our results will help to interpret and understand future measurements more thoroughly. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mapping discontinuous protein‐binding sites via structure‐based peptide libraries: combiningin silicoandin vitroapproaches
Authors: Jaeger Ines S. , Kretzschmar Ines , Körner Jana , Weiser Armin A. , Mahrenholz Carsten C. , Potty Ajish , Kourentzi Katerina , Willson Richard C. , Volkmer Rudolf , Preissner Robert 
Published: December 2012

To perform their various functions, protein surfaces often have to interact with each other in a specific way. Usually, only parts of a protein are accessible and can act as binding sites. Because proteins consist of polypeptide chains that fold into complex three‐dimensional shapes, binding sites can be divided into two different types: linear sites that follow the primary amino acid sequence and discontinuous binding sites, which are made up of short peptide fragments that are adjacent in spatial proximity. Such discontinuous binding sites dominate protein–protein interactions, but are difficult to identify.To meet this challenge, we combined a computational, structure‐based approach and an experimental, high‐throughput method. SUPERFICIAL is a program that uses protein structures as input and generates peptide libraries to represent the protein's surface. A large number of the predicted peptides can be simultaneously synthesised applying the SPOT technology. The results of a binding assay subsequently help to elucidate protein–protein interactions; the approach is applicable to any kind of protein.The crystal structure of the complex of hen egg lysozyme with the well‐characterised murine IgG1 antibody HyHEL‐5 is available, and the complex is known to have a discontinuous binding site. Using SUPERFICIAL, the entire surface of lysozyme was translated into a peptide library that was synthesised on a cellulose membrane using the SPOT technology and tested against the HyHEL‐5 antibody. In this way, it was possible to identify two peptides (longest common sequence and peptide 19) that represented the discontinuous epitope of lysozyme. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Definitive foot drop deformity repair with tensor fascia latae myocutaneous flap
Authors: Karagöz Hüseyi̇n , Öksüz Si̇nan , Ülkür Ersi̇n , Sever Celaletti̇n , Şahi̇n Ci̇han , Külahçi Yalçin 
Published: December 2012

AbstractTensor fascia latae (TFL) myocutaneous flap, utilized as a novel approach for the successful functional repair of the foot drop deformity is presented in this case report. A 21‐year‐old male patient was subjected to a close‐range high‐velocity gunshot injury and sustained comminuted Gustillo‐type IIIB open fracture of his left tibia. A composite skin and soft tissue defect including tibialis anterior and extansor hallucis longus tendons was determined. The injury was managed in two stages. In the first stage, the immediate reconstruction of the open tibia fracture was provided by using a reverse flow sural flap and external fixation of the fracture. The functional restoration was achieved by vascular fascia latae in the second stage, 6 months after the initial skin, soft tissue, and bone defect repair. The functional recovery was successful, and the foot drop gait was almost totally ameliorated. Reconstruction with TFL flap should be retained in the armamentarium for the functional repair of the foot drop deformity, caused by composite skin and soft tissue defects of the pretibial region. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2013.
Taurine supplementation improves liver glucose control in normal protein and malnourished mice fed a high‐fat diet
Authors: Batista Thiago M. , Ribeiro Rosane A. , da Silva Priscilla M. R. , Camargo Rafael L. , Lollo Pablo C. B. , Boschero Antonio C. , Carneiro Everardo M. 
Published: December 2012

ScopePoor nutrition during the perinatal period is associated with an increased risk for metabolic syndrome in adulthood. Taurine (TAU) regulates β‐cell function and glucose homeo‐stasis. Here, we assessed the effects of TAU supplementation upon adiposity and glucose control in malnourished mice fed a high‐fat diet (HFD).Methods and resultsWeaned male C57BL/6J mice were fed a control (14% protein ‐ C) or a protein‐restricted (6% protein ‐ R) diet for 6 weeks. Afterwards, mice received or not an HFD for 8 weeks (CH and RH). Half of the HFDmice were supplemented with 5% TAU after weaning (CHT and RHT). Protein restriction led to typical malnutrition features. HFD increased body weight, adiposity, and led to hyperleptinemia, hyperphagia, glucose intolerance, and higher liver glucose output in RH and CH groups. Fasted R mice showed higher plasma adiponectin levels and increased phosphorylation of the AMP‐activated protein kinase (p‐AMPK) in the liver. These parameters were reduced in RH mice and increased p‐AMPK persisted in RHT. TAU prevented obesity and improved glucose tolerance only in CHT, but liver glucose control was ameliorated in both supplemented groups. Better CHT liver glucose control was linked to increased Akt (thymoma viral proto‐oncogene/protein kinase B) phosphorylation.ConclusionMalnourished mice fed an HFD developed obesity, glucose intolerance, and increased liver glucose output. TAU preserved only normal liver glucose control in RHT mice, an effect associated with increased liver p‐AMPK content.
A cohort study of the risk of seizures in a pediatric population treated with atomoxetine or stimulant medications
Authors: McAfee Andrew T. , Landon Joan , Jones Meghan , Bangs Mark E. , Acharya Nayan , Hornbuckle Ken , Wong Judy 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTPurposeStimulant medications used for treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can be associated with an increased risk of seizures. Atomoxetine is a non‐stimulant medication approved for treating ADHD. This retrospective cohort analysis evaluated risk of seizures among pediatric patients naïve to ADHD medication therapy, with exposure to atomoxetine relative to stimulant medications.MethodsAmong members of a large US health plan from 1/1/2003 to 12/31/2006, aged 6–17 years, we identified initiators of atomoxetine or stimulants with no evidence of prior study drug use. We created study cohorts using propensity score matching within 6‐month calendar blocks. The outcome was a seizure event in the 6‐month follow‐up period verified through medical record review. Relative risks (RR) based on current use of each study drug adjusted for baseline covariates were calculated using Poisson regression. We estimated hazard ratios from Cox proportional hazards models for the comparison of atomoxetine to stimulants based on initial cohort assignment.ResultsWe matched 13 398 initiators of atomoxetine to 13 322 initiators of stimulants. We identified 97 seizure events. After adjustment, current atomoxetine therapy was associated with a non‐statistically significant 28% lower risk of seizure compared to current stimulant therapy (RR 0.72; 95%CI 0.37, 1.38). The adjusted RR of seizure with atomoxetine compared to stimulants based on initial cohort assignment was 0.90 (95%CI 0.54, 1.49).ConclusionsThese results do not support an increase in the risk of seizure with atomoxetine therapy. The risk of seizure was not significantly different between pediatric patients taking atomoxetine compared with those taking stimulants. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An H‐shaped polymer bonding β‐cyclodextrin at branch points: Synthesis and influences of attached β‐cyclodextrins on physical properties
Authors: Mu Cheng‐Guang , Fan Xiao‐Dong , Tian Wei , Bai Yang , Yang Zhen , Yao Hao , Chen Heng 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWe report on the synthesis of an H‐shaped polymer bonding β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) at branch points and influences of attached β‐CD on physical properties. First, a poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG)‐based functional macroinitiator bearing two azidos and four chlorines at chain‐ends (PEG‐2N3(‐4Cl)) was prepared via terminal modification reactions. Then, PEG‐2N3(‐4Cl) was applied to initiate the atom transfer radical polymerization of N‐isopropylacrylamide, leading to the synthesis of an H‐shaped block polymer with PEG as the central chain and poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) as side‐arms (PEG‐2N3(‐4PNIPAM)). Azido groups were at the branch points of the polymer. Finally, the click reaction between PEG‐2N3(‐4PNIPAM) and alkynyl monosubstituted β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) afforded another H‐shaped polymer with two β‐CDs bonding at the polymer branch points (PEG‐2CD(‐4PNIPAM)). The glass transition temperature (Tg) and lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the H‐shaped polymer increased after the attachment of β‐CD. The self‐assembly and thermal responsive behaviors, as well as the encapsulation behaviors of PEG‐2CD(‐4PNIPAM) were also altered. When temperature was below the LCSTs, PEG‐2N3(‐2PNIPAM) dissolved in water molecularly, whereas PEG‐2CD(‐4PNIPAM) could self‐assemble into nano‐sized micelles. After the LCST transitions, PEG‐2N3(‐4PNIPAM) aggregated into micron‐sized unstable particles, whereas PEG‐2CD(‐4PNIPAM) transformed into PNIPAM‐cored nanomicelles. Besides, PEG‐2CD(‐4PNIPAM) can encapsulate doxorubicin below its LCST due to the formation of micelles. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013
The potential of matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry for the identification of biogroups of Cronobacter sakazakii
Authors: Karamonová Ludmila , Junková Petra , Mihalová Denisa , Javůrková Barbora , Fukal Ladislav , Rauch Pavel , Blažková Martina 
Published: December 2012

RATIONALEThe bacterial genus Cronobacter was established quite recently, in 2008. Therefore, its systematic classification is still in progress as well as the risk assessment of Cronobacter strains. The possibility of rapid identification within the biogroup level has an essential epidemiological significance. We examined the potential of mass spectrometry to accomplish this task on species Cronobacter sakazakii comprising eight different biogroups.METHODSMembers of all Cronobacter sakazakii biogroups were characterized by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF‐MS) using intact cells. Analyses were performed on a Biflex IV MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometer in the range of 2000 to 20 000 Da in linear mode with an accelerated voltage of 19 kV.RESULTSOptimal conditions for a proper identification of biogroups, such as suitable cultivation media or growth time of bacteria, were investigated. The biomarker patterns characterizing each of the Cronobacter sakazakii biogroups were obtained. The established identification protocol was applied to ten previously non‐identified strains and their biogroups were successfully determined.CONCLUSIONSThe presented work is the first report of successful and rapid bacterial biogroup taxonomy classification using MALDI‐TOF‐MS that could substitute demanding biochemical testing. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Use of modified Doehlert‐type experimental design in optimization of a hybrid electrospray ionization ion trap time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry technique for glutathione determination
Authors: Zachariadis George A. , Rosenberg Erwin 
Published: December 2012

RATIONALEThe capabilities of modified non‐spherical Doehlert‐type experimental designs to optimize the performance of a hybrid mass spectrometer were investigated in this paper for the first time. The optimization process was completed in three successive steps with groups of variables avoiding any univariable approach. Glutathione (GSH, reduced) was selected as a very interesting analyte since it is considered to be one of the most abundant tripeptides in human organism and its action against xenobiotics and oxidative radicals is well known.METHODSIn particular, a tandem technique based on sequential ion management by an ion trap followed by a time‐of‐flight mass analyzer (ITTOFMS) was introduced commercially in recent years and investigated for glutathione determination. Glutathione was injected in a stream of a typical mobile phase used in liquid chromatography (LC) and analyzed after electrospray ionization (ESI) in tandem MS.RESULTSThe three main steps of the LC/MS system, namely the LC mobile phase, the ESI interface and the MS analyzer, were independently optimized in terms of maximum sensitivity. In this context quadratic models were found and their prediction power was evaluated. A calibration study was performed at default and optimum conditions in order to quantitatively estimate the sensitivity enhancement of the employed technique for this analyte. Satisfactory precision (RSD 5.7%) and detectability (LOD 0.07 µmol L–1) were achieved.CONCLUSIONSThe results highlighted the possibilities offered by the employment of multifactorial optimization towards the improvement of performance of tandem mass spectrometry techniques. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fuel cells and their components based on microsystem technology
Authors: Tanaka Shuji 
Published: December 2012

This paper briefly reviews a variety of microdevices for miniaturized fuel‐cell applications. Research and development in this field have been activated since late 1990s, when portable information devices, for example, laptop computers and cellular phones, were getting popular, but battery life was quite limited. To date, different types of micro‐fuel cell, micro‐fuel reformers, fuel handling microfluidic devices, and so on were developed, and some of them were installed and used in prototyped miniaturized fuel‐cell systems. In this paper, selected examples are introduced, and problems/challenges as well as achievements are summarized.This article is categorized under:

Fuel Cells and Hydrogen > Science and Materials
Fuel Cells and Hydrogen > Systems and Infrastructure
Micellization of Some Bile Salts in Binary Aqueous Solvent Mixtures
Authors: Bharadwaj Shweta , Sar Santosh Kumar 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe micellization behavior of bile salts—sodium cholate and sodium deoxycholate was studied in aqueous methanol, ethanol and ethylene glycol mixtures (10–20 % v/v) over a temperature range (300–320 K) by surface tension and conductivity methods. Critical micelle concentration, extent of counter ion binding (α), interfacial property (Amin, ζmax, π‐CMC, ) and thermodynamic parameters (, , ) for the micellization process are reported and discussed.
The Relationship Between the Structure and Properties of Amino Acid Surfactants Based on Glycine and Serine
Authors: Qiao Weihong , Qiao Yangyang 
Published: December 2012

AbstractTwo series of surfactants based on glycine and serine were synthesized with aproic acid, octanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid and hexadecanoic acid. All the surfactants were characterized by MS and 1H NMR, the structures of the synthesized surfactants are correct and the signals in MS and 1H NMR can be explained. The reaction conditions, surface properties and foam properties were studied. For the two series of surfactants, critical micelle concentration (CMC) and γCMC (surface tension at CMC) decrease and surface activity is enhanced as the length of carbon chain increases. The surfactants with tetradecanoyl and hexadecanoyl groups show a good foaming property and especially, the long‐chain acyl‐serine performs better. These are all related to the hydromethyl group in the serine.
Electrophysiological and pharmacological properties of GABAergic cells in the dorsal raphe nucleus
Authors: Gocho Yoshihiro , Sakai Atsushi , Yanagawa Yuchio , Suzuki Hidenori , Saitow Fumihito 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is the origin of the central serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] system and plays an important role in the regulation of many physiological functions such as sleep/arousal, food intake and mood. In order to understand the regulatory mechanisms of 5-HT system, characterization of the types of neurons is necessary. We performed electrophysiological recordings in acute slices of glutamate decarboxylase 67–green fluorescent protein knock-in mice. We utilized this mouse to identify visually GABAergic cells. Especially, we examined postsynaptic responses mediated by 5-HT receptors between GABAergic and serotonergic cells in the DRN. Various current responses were elicited by 5-HT and 5-HT1A or 5-HT2A/2C receptor agonists in GABAergic cells. These results suggested that multiple 5-HT receptor subtypes overlap on GABAergic cells, and their combination might control 5-HT cells. Understanding the postsynaptic 5-HT feedback mechanisms may help to elucidate the 5-HT neurotransmitter system and develop novel therapeutic approaches.
Shigella Strains Are Not Clones of Escherichia Coli but Sister Species in the Genus Escherichia
Authors: Zuo Guanghong , Xu Zhao , Hao Bailin 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Shigella species and Escherichia coli are closely related organisms. Early phenotyping experiments and several recent molecular studies put Shigella within the species E. coli. However, the whole-genome-based, alignment-free and parameter-free CVTree approach shows convincingly that four established Shigella species, Shigella boydii, Shigella sonnei, Shigella felxneri and Shigella dysenteriae, are distinct from E. coli strains, and form sister species to E. coli within the genus Escherichia. In view of the overall success and high resolution power of the CVTree approach, this result should be taken seriously. We hope that the present report may promote further in-depth study of the Shigella-E. coli relationship.