bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rheumatoid Arthritis, Anti–Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Positivity, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in the Women's Health Initiative
Authors: Mackey Rachel H. , Kuller Lewis H. , Deane Kevin D. , Walitt Brian T. , Chang Yue‐Fang , Holers V. Michael , Robinson William H. , Tracy Russell P. , Hlatky Mark A. , Eaton Charles B. , Liu Simin , Freiberg Matthew S. , Talabi Mehret Birru , Schelbert Erik B. , Moreland Larry W. 
Published: May 2015

ObjectiveTo evaluate the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality over the course of 10 years among the more than 160,000 postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) in relation to self‐reported rheumatoid arthritis (RA), taking disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), anti–cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti‐CCP) positivity, rheumatoid factor (RF) positivity, CVD risk factors, joint pain, and inflammation (white blood cell count and interleukin‐6 levels).MethodsAnti‐CCP and RF were measured in a sample of WHI participants with self‐reported RA (n = 9,988). RA was classified as self‐reported RA plus anti‐CCP positivity and/or taking DMARDs. Anti‐CCP–negative women with self‐reported RA and not taking DMARDs were classified as having “unverified RA.”ResultsAge‐adjusted rates of coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, CVD, fatal CVD, and total mortality were higher in women with RA than in women with no reported RA, with multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios of 1.46 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.17–1.83) for CHD and 2.55 (95% CI 1.86–3.51) for fatal CVD. Among women with RA, anti‐CCP positivity and RF positivity were not significantly associated with higher risk of any outcomes, despite slightly higher risk of death for those who were anti‐CCP positive than for those who were anti‐CCP negative. Joint pain severity and CVD risk factors were strongly associated with CVD risk, even in women with no reported RA. CVD incidence was increased in women with RA versus women with no reported RA at almost all risk factor levels, except for low levels of joint pain or inflammation. Among women with RA, inflammation was more strongly associated with fatal CVD and total mortality than with CHD or CVD.ConclusionAmong postmenopausal women, RA was associated with 1.5–2.5‐fold higher CVD risk. CVD risk was strongly associated with CVD risk factors, joint pain severity, and inflammation, but not with anti‐CCP positivity or RF positivity.
State Estimation of Stochastic Impulsive System Via Stochastic Adaptive Impulsive Observer
Authors: Ayati Moosa , Alwan Mohamad , Liu Xinzhi , Khaloozadeh Hamid 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis paper develops stochastic adaptive impulsive observer (SAIO) for state estimation of stochastic impulsive systems. Proposed observer is applicable to linear and a class of nonlinear stochastic impulsive systems. In addition to stochastic noises, the observer considers effect of parametric uncertainty and estimates unknown parameters by suitable adaptation laws. Interestingly, for certain impulsive systems, SAIO gives continuous state estimations from a discrete sequence of system output measurements. New theorems related to stochastic impulsive systems' boundedness are also developed and utilized to prove the boundedness of SAIO state estimation errors. Presented simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the observer.
High‐throughput micro‐scale cultivations and chromatography modeling: Powerful tools for integrated process development
Authors: Baumann Pascal , Hahn Tobias , Hubbuch Jürgen 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTUpstream processes are rather complex to design and the productivity of cells under suitable cultivation conditions is hard to predict. The method of choice for examining the design space is to execute high‐throughput cultivation screenings in micro‐scale format. Various predictive in silico models have been developed for many downstream processes, leading to a reduction of time and material costs. This paper presents a combined optimization approach based on high‐throughput micro‐scale cultivation experiments and chromatography modeling. The overall optimized system must not necessarily be the one with highest product titers, but the one resulting in an overall superior process performance in up‐ and downstream. The methodology is presented in a case study for the Cherry‐tagged enzyme Glutathione‐S‐Transferase from Escherichia coli SE1. The Cherry‐Tag™ (Delphi Genetics, Belgium) which can be fused to any target protein allows for direct product analytics by simple VIS absorption measurements. High‐throughput cultivations were carried out in a 48‐well format in a BioLector micro‐scale cultivation system (m2p‐Labs, Germany). The downstream process optimization for a set of randomly picked upstream conditions producing high yields was performed in silico using a chromatography modeling software developed in‐house (ChromX). The suggested in silico‐optimized operational modes for product capturing were validated subsequently. The overall best system was chosen based on a combination of excellent up‐ and downstream performance. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 2123–2133. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Master crash course on “software engineering” in a multi‐cultural environment
Authors: Bothe Klaus , Putnik Zoran 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we will present our experiences with the conduction of a short crash‐course on “Software Engineering” of a master level. It represents an excellent example of a good international cooperation in education field. Namely, conducted by the professor from Germany, and assistant from Serbia, the course is presented in Tirana, Albania, on Polytechnic University, Faculty of Information Technology. The course itself was created as a part of an international educational project, comprising nine countries, and fifteen universities. So far, the course has been conducted seven times, and hopefully it helped sharing of knowledge in this very important field of computer science. What is even more important, it certainly helped in sharing good will, improving communication between people and countries, and creating multi‐cultural environment for studies. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 23:854–864, 2015; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.21657
Gastric Schwannoma: Case report from Tanzania and brief review of literature
Authors: Manji Mohamed , Ismail Ame , Komba Ewaldo 
Published: May 2015

Key Clinical MessageUpper gastrointestinal bleeding causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. We report a rare case of hematemesis secondary to a gastric schwannoma in a Tanzanian female. Gastric schwannomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of gastric masses and distinguished from other etiologies, given their excellent postresection prognosis.
Rheological Properties of Nanoemulsions Stabilized by Polysorbate 80
Authors: Jaworska Małgorzata , Sikora Elżbieta , Ogonowski Jan 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe rheological properties of nanoemulsions based on three types of oil phases, namely, Crodamol GTCC, Crodamol PC, and oleic acid, were analyzed and determined. The emulsions were stabilized by Polysorbate 80. Geranic acid was selected as a model active substance. The obtained results confirm that the studied nanoemulsions are pseudoplastic non‐Newtonian fluids. The Herschel‐Bulkley model accurately describes the rheological properties of the developed systems. The phase inversion point for the Crodamol GTCC/Polysorbate 80/water system was observed at 50 wt % dispersed‐phase concentration. The rheological results served as the basis for calculation of a theoretical diffusion coefficient of the active ingredient in the studied nanoemulsions.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Dual Annulation of o‐Halobenzaldimine with Alkyne: A Powerful Route toward Bioactive Indenoisoquinolinones
Authors: Liu Chuan‐Che , Hsieh Jen‐Chieh , Korivi Rajendra Prasad , Cheng Chien‐Hong 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA cobalt‐catalyzed dual annulation reaction for the synthesis of variously substituted indenoisoquinolinones from 2‐bromobenzaldehydes, amines, and methyl 2‐(ethynyl)benzoates has been developed. This method could also be applied to the synthesis of an array of highly functionalized bioactive indenoisoquinolinones and their derivatives. A possible mechanism of the cobalt catalysis is proposed, involving imine formation from bromobenzaldehyde and the amine, followed by a series of oxidative addition, alkyne insertion, cyclization reactions, and carbon–carbon double‐bond migration. The regioselective alkyne insertion plays an important role for the success of the second annulation.
Chip‐level and multi‐node analysis of energy‐optimized lattice Boltzmann CFD simulations
Authors: Wittmann Markus , Hager Georg , Zeiser Thomas , Treibig Jan , Wellein Gerhard 
Published: May 2015

SummaryMemory‐bound algorithms show complex performance and energy consumption behavior on multicore processors. We choose the lattice Boltzmann method on an Intel Sandy Bridge cluster as a prototype scenario to investigate if and how single‐chip performance and power characteristics can be generalized to the highly parallel case. First, we perform an analysis of a sparse‐lattice lattice Boltzmann method implementation for complex geometries. Using a single‐core performance model, we predict the intra‐chip saturation characteristics and the optimal operating point in terms of energy‐to‐solution as a function of implementation details, clock frequency, vectorization, and number of active cores per chip. We show that high single‐core performance and a correct choice of the number of active cores per chip are the essential optimizations for the lowest energy‐to‐solution at minimal performance degradation. Then we extrapolate to the Message Passing Interface (MPI)‐parallel level and quantify the energy‐saving potential of various optimizations and execution modes, where we find these guidelines to be even more important, especially when communication overhead is non‐negligible. In our setup, we could achieve energy savings of 35% in this case, compared with a naive approach. We also demonstrate that a simple non‐reflective reduction of the clock speed leaves most of the energy‐saving potential unused. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sparse support vector machine for pattern recognition
Authors: Chen Guangyi , Bui Tien. D. , Krzyżak Adam 
Published: May 2015

SummarySupport vector machine (SVM) is one of the most popular classification techniques in pattern recognition community. However, because of outliers in the training samples, SVM tends to perform poorly under such circumstances. In this paper, we borrow the idea from compressive sensing by introducing an extra term to the objective function of the standard SVM in order to achieve a sparse representation. Furthermore, instead of using the l0 norm, we adopt the l1 norm in our sparse SVM. In most cases, our method achieves higher classification rates than the standard SVM because of sparser support vectors and is more robust to outliers in the datasets. Experimental results show that our proposed SVM is efficient in pattern recognition applications. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Highly pure 1,3‐propanediol: Separation and purification from crude glycerol‐based fermentation
Authors: Wang Shizhen , Qiu Longhui , Dai Hongfei , Zeng Xiaofei , Fang Baishan 
Published: May 2015

A new separation and purification process was developed for recovering 1,3‐propanediol (1,3‐PD) from crude glycerol‐based fermentation broth with high purity. The downstream process integrated chitosan flocculation, activated carbon decolorization, fixed bed cation exchange resin adsorption, and vacuum distillation. Breakthrough curves were measured considering the effect of sample concentration, flow rate, temperature, and resin stack height. Yoon–Nelson model was proposed to fit the fixed bed adsorption. The characteristic column parameters were calculated. Optimal condition for adsorption was 1,3‐PD, 30.0 g/L; flow rate, 1.00 mL/min; stacking height, 30.0 cm; and temperature, 298 K. Ethanol‐water (75%, 1 mL/min) was used as eluent to separate 1,3‐PD and glycerol with 95.3% 1,3‐PD elution rate. After vacuum distillation, the overall purity and yield of 1,3‐PD were 99.2% and 80.8% in the purification process, respectively. This is a simple and efficient downstream strategy for 1,3‐PD purification.
Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of thyme essential oil encapsulated in zein particles
Authors: Bilenler Tugca , Gokbulut Incilay , Sislioglu Kubra , Karabulut Ihsan 
Published: May 2015

AbstractZein has been used successfully for encapsulation of functional foods. Thyme essential oil was encapsulated in zein particles by liquid‐liquid dispersion method. Functional properties of thyme essential oil can be enhanced by encapsulation technology. Based on the SEM images, size of the particles was in micron scale. A centrifugation step was applied to separate encapsulated particles during production. This treatment caused some differences in structural and functional properties. The highest encapsulation efficiency value of 97.02 % was achieved at 503 × g for 10 min centrifugation. Interaction time between samples and DPPH radicals was extended by encapsulation. Advantage of encapsulation in terms of antioxidant actions was highlighted by Rancimat test. A fast release rate of thyme essential oil encapsulated in zein was observed in triacylglycerols media. Antimicrobial activity of encapsulated thyme essential oil was lower than that of free form in 24 h incubation. A better encapsulation efficiency rate was obtained compared to reported values. Rancimat test can be effectively used to measure antioxidant activity when essential oils are used as antioxidants in encapsulated form. A fast release rate of thyme essential oil encapsulated in zein was observed in TAGs media. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biology‐Driven Gene‐Gene Interaction Analysis of Age‐Related Cataract in the eMERGE Network
Authors: Hall Molly A. , Verma Shefali S. , Wallace John , Lucas Anastasia , Berg Richard L. , Connolly John , Crawford Dana C. , Crosslin David R. , de Andrade Mariza , Doheny Kimberly F. , Haines Jonathan L. , Harley John B. , Jarvik Gail P. , Kitchner Terrie , Kuivaniemi Helena , Larson Eric B. , Carrell David S. , Tromp Gerard , Vrabec Tamara R. , Pendergrass Sarah A. , McCarty Catherine A. , Ritchie Marylyn D. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTBioinformatics approaches to examine gene‐gene models provide a means to discover interactions between multiple genes that underlie complex disease. Extensive computational demands and adjusting for multiple testing make uncovering genetic interactions a challenge. Here, we address these issues using our knowledge‐driven filtering method, Biofilter, to identify putative single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) interaction models for cataract susceptibility, thereby reducing the number of models for analysis. Models were evaluated in 3,377 European Americans (1,185 controls, 2,192 cases) from the Marshfield Clinic, a study site of the Electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE) Network, using logistic regression. All statistically significant models from the Marshfield Clinic were then evaluated in an independent dataset of 4,311 individuals (742 controls, 3,569 cases), using independent samples from additional study sites in the eMERGE Network: Mayo Clinic, Group Health/University of Washington, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and Geisinger Health System. Eighty‐three SNP‐SNP models replicated in the independent dataset at likelihood ratio test P < 0.05. Among the most significant replicating models was rs12597188 (intron of CDH1)–rs11564445 (intron of CTNNB1). These genes are known to be involved in processes that include: cell‐to‐cell adhesion signaling, cell‐cell junction organization, and cell‐cell communication. Further Biofilter analysis of all replicating models revealed a number of common functions among the genes harboring the 83 replicating SNP‐SNP models, which included signal transduction and PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway. These findings demonstrate the utility of Biofilter as a biology‐driven method, applicable for any genome‐wide association study dataset.
Effect‐directed identification of endocrine disruptors in plastic baby teethers
Authors: Berger Elisabeth , Potouridis Theodoros , Haeger Astrid , Püttmann Wilhelm , Wagner Martin 
Published: May 2015

AbstractConcerns have been raised regarding the human health effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), many of which are associated with and leaching from plastics. As infants are particularly vulnerable to EDCs, we have investigated whether plastic teethers for babies represent a relevant source of exposure. Applying effect‐directed analysis, we use bioassays to screen teethers, toys used to soothe a baby's teething ache, for endocrine activity and chemical analysis to identify the causative compounds. We detected significant endocrine activity in two of 10 plastic teethers. Those samples leached estrogenic and/or antiandrogenic activity as detected in the Yeast Estrogen Screen and Yeast Antiandrogen Screen. After sample fractionation, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry non‐target screening revealed that methyl‐, ethyl‐ and propylparaben were responsible for the observed estrogenic and antiandrogenic activity in one product. The second product is likely to contain at least six different antiandrogenic compounds that remain so far unidentified. This study demonstrates that plastic teethers can be a source of infant exposure to well‐established and unknown EDCs. Because of their limited value to the product, but potential toxicity, manufacturers should critically revisit the use of parabens in plastic teethers and further toys. Moreover, plastic teethers might leach EDCs that escape routine analysis and, thus, toxicological evaluation. The resulting uncertainty in product safety poses a problem to consumers, producers and regulators that remain to be resolved. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Acute and subchronic toxicity of 20  kHz and 60  kHz magnetic fields in rats
Authors: Nishimura Izumi , Oshima Atsushi , Shibuya Kazumoto , Mitani Takashi , Negishi Tadashi 
Published: May 2015

AbstractDespite increasing use of intermediate frequency (IF) magnetic fields (MFs) in occupational and domestic settings, scientific evidence necessary for health risk assessments of IF MF is insufficient. Male and female Crl:CD(SD) rats (12 per sex per group) were exposed to 20 kHz, 0.20 mT(root mean square, rms) or 60 kHz, 0.10 mT(rms) sinusoidal MFs for 22 h day−1 for 14 days (acute) or 13 weeks (subchronic). Experiments were duplicated for each frequency to ensure outcome reproducibility, and examinations were blinded for quality assurance. All rats survived without significant clinical signs until the end of experiments. Some changes in body weight between the MF‐exposed and control groups were observed over the course of exposure, although the directions of the changes were inconsistent and not statistically significant after subchronic exposure. There were significant differences between MF‐exposed and control groups in some organ weights and parameters in hematology and clinical chemistry, but these were minor in magnitude and not repeated in duplicate experiments. Histopathological findings reflecting toxicity were sporadic. Frequencies of other findings were similar to historic data in this rat strain, and findings had no specific relationship to changes in organ weight or parameters of hematology and clinical chemistry in each animal. The changes observed throughout this study were considered biologically isolated and were attributable to chance associations rather than to MF exposure. The results, in particular the histopathological evidence, indicate an absence of toxicity in IF MF‐exposed rats and do not support the hypothesis that IF MF exposure produces significant toxicity. Copyright © 2015. The Authors. Journal of Applied Toxicology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Color‐Coded Imaging of Breast Cancer Metastatic Niche Formation in Nude Mice
Authors: Suetsugu Atsushi , Momiyama Masashi , Hiroshima Yukihiko , Shimizu Masahito , Saji Shigetoyo , Moriwaki Hisataka , Bouvet Michael , Hoffman Robert M. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTWe report here a color‐coded imaging model in which metastatic niches in the lung and liver of breast cancer can be identified. The transgenic green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐expressing nude mouse was used as the host. The GFP nude mouse expresses GFP in all organs. However, GFP expression is dim in the liver parenchymal cells. Mouse mammary tumor cells (MMT 060562) (MMT), expressing red fluorescent protein (RFP), were injected in the tail vein of GFP nude mice to produce experimental lung metastasis and in the spleen of GFP nude mice to establish a liver metastasis model. Niche formation in the lung and liver metastasis was observed using very high resolution imaging systems. In the lung, GFP host‐mouse cells accumulated around as few as a single MMT‐RFP cell. In addition, GFP host cells were observed to form circle‐shaped niches in the lung even without RFP cancer cells, which was possibly a niche in which future metastasis could be formed. In the liver, as with the lung, GFP host cells could form circle‐shaped niches. Liver and lung metastases were removed surgically and cultured in vitro. MMT‐RFP cells and GFP host cells resembling cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) were observed interacting, suggesting that CAFs could serve as a metastatic niche. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 2730–2734, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Differential Potential of Pharmacological PARP Inhibitors for Inhibiting Cell Proliferation and Inducing Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Węsierska‐Gądek Józefa , Mauritz Matthias , Mitulovic Goran , Cupo Maria 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTBRCA1/2‐mutant cells are hypersensitive to inactivation of poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP‐1). We recently showed that inhibition of PARP‐1 by NU1025 is strongly cytotoxic for BRCA1‐positive BT‐20 cells, but not BRCA1‐deficient SKBr‐3 cells. These results raised the possibility that other PARP‐1 inhibitors, particularly those tested in clinical trials, may be more efficacious against BRCA1‐deficient SKBr‐3 breast cancer cells than NU1025. Thus, in the presented study the cytotoxicity of four PARP inhibitors under clinical evaluation (olaparib, rucaparib, iniparib and AZD2461) was examined and compared to that of NU1025. The sensitivity of breast cancer cells to the PARP‐1 inhibition strongly varied. Remarkably, BRCA‐1‐deficient SKBr‐3 cells were almost completely insensitive to NU1025, olaparib and rucaparib, whereas BRCA1‐expressing BT‐20 cells were strongly affected by NU1025 even at low doses. In contrast, iniparib and AZD2461 were cytotoxic for both BT‐20 and SKBr‐3 cells. Of the four tested PARP‐1 inhibitors only AZD2461 strongly affected cell cycle progression. Interestingly, the anti‐proliferative and pro‐apoptotic potential of the tested PARP‐1 inhibitors clearly correlated with their capacity to damage DNA. Further analyses revealed that proteomic signatures of the two studied breast cancer cell lines strongly differ, and a set of 197 proteins was differentially expressed in NU1025‐treated BT‐20 cancer cells. These results indicate that BT‐20 cells may harbor an unknown defect in DNA repair pathway(s) rendering them sensitive to PARP‐1 inhibition. They also imply that therapeutic applicability of PARP‐1 inhibitors is not limited to BRCA mutation carriers but can be extended to patients harboring deficiencies in other components of the pathway(s). J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 2824–2839, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.