bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of cell–substrate interactions between Schwann cells and three‐dimensional fibrin hydrogels containing orientated nanofibre topographical cues
Authors: Hodde Dorothee , Gerardo‐Nava José , Wöhlk Vanessa , Weinandy Stefan , Jockenhövel Stefan , Kriebel Andreas , Altinova Haktan , Steinbusch Harry W. M. , Möller Martin , Weis Joachim , Mey Jörg , Brook Gary A. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe generation of complex three‐dimensional bioengineered scaffolds that are capable of mimicking the molecular and topographical cues of the extracellular matrix found in native tissues is a field of expanding research. The systematic development of such scaffolds requires the characterisation of cell behaviour in response to the individual components of the scaffold. In the present investigation, we studied cell–substrate interactions between purified populations of Schwann cells and three‐dimensional fibrin hydrogel scaffolds, in the presence or absence of multiple layers of highly orientated electrospun polycaprolactone nanofibres. Embedded Schwann cells remained viable within the fibrin hydrogel for up to 7 days (the longest time studied); however, cell behaviour in the hydrogel was somewhat different to that observed on the two‐dimensional fibrin substrate: Schwann cells failed to proliferate in the fibrin hydrogel, whereas cell numbers increased steadily on the two‐dimensional fibrin substrate. Schwann cells within the fibrin hydrogel developed complex process branching patterns, but, when presented with orientated nanofibres, showed a strong tendency to redistribute themselves onto the nanofibres, where they extended long processes that followed the longitudinal orientation of the nanofibres. The process length along nanofibre‐containing fibrin hydrogel reached near‐maximal levels (for the present experimental conditions) as early as 1 day after culturing. The ability of this three‐dimensional, extracellular matrix‐mimicking scaffold to support Schwann cell survival and provide topographical cues for rapid process extension suggest that it may be an appropriate device design for the bridging of experimental lesions of the peripheral nervous system.
Inhibitory potential of phenylpropanoid glycosides from Ligustrum purpurascens Kudingcha against α‐glucosidase and α‐amylase in vitro
Authors: Feng Yue , Lu Fangqi , Wu Xuli , Li Yao , Shen Yanxia , Fan Long , He Zhenda , Gao Kaiping 
Published: July 2015

SummaryThe leaves of Ligustrum purpurascens are used in a Chinese traditional tea called small‐leaved kudingcha, which is rich in phenylpropanoid glycosides (PPGs) and has many beneficial properties. Two critical exoacting glycoside hydrolase enzymes (glucosidases) involved in carbohydrate digestion are α‐glucosidase and α‐amylase. We investigated the properties of PPGs from L. purpurascens for inhibiting α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase activity in vitro and found IC50 values of 1.02 and 0.73 mg mL−1, respectively. The patterns of inhibiting both α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase were mixed‐inhibition type. Multispectroscopy and molecular docking studies indicated that the interaction between PPGs and α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase altered the conformation of enzymes, with binding at the site close to the active site of enzymes resulting in changed enzyme activity. Our studies may help in the further health use of small‐leaved kudingcha.
Processing and storage effects on the oxidative stability of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) oil‐in‐water emulsions
Authors: Raikos Vassilios , Konstantinidi Vasiliki , Duthie Garry 
Published: July 2015

SummaryHempseed oil was used to form oil‐in‐water emulsions, and the effect of heating, storage and light on the oxidative stability of the dispersed phase was investigated. Lipid oxidation rate increased following thermal processing and light exposure, whereas oxidation markers remained relatively unaffected during emulsions storage at 4 °C for 10 days. Induction times of the emulsions were reduced up to 26% and the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances increased up to 4.5‐fold, depending on the processing conditions. Selected berries as potential sources of natural antioxidants were screened for polyphenol and anthocyanin content in order to investigate their ability to retard lipid oxidation in comparison with a commercially available synthetic counterpart. Raspberry powder extract significantly improved the oxidative stability of hemp‐based emulsion compared with the control and was even more effective compared to a synthetic antioxidant when samples were subjected to heat treatment.
Transperitoneal versus extraperitoneal robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: A prospective single surgeon randomized comparative study
Authors: Akand Murat , Erdogru Tibet , Avci Egemen , Ates Mutlu 
Published: July 2015

ObjectivesTo compare operative, pathological, and functional results of transperitoneal and extraperitoneal robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy carried out by a single surgeon.MethodsAfter having experience with 32 transperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomies, 317 extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomies, 30 transperitoneal robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomies and 10 extraperitoneal robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomies, 120 patients with prostate cancer were enrolled in this prospective randomized study and underwent either transperitoneal or extraperitoneal robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. The main outcome parameters between the two study groups were compared.ResultsNo significant difference was found for age, body mass index, preoperative prostate‐specific antigen, clinical and pathological stage, Gleason score on biopsy and prostatectomy specimen, tumor volume, positive surgical margin, and lymph node status. Transperitoneal robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy had shorter trocar insertion time (16.0 vs 25.9 min for transperitoneal robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and extraperitoneal robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, P < 0.001), whereas extraperitoneal robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy had shorter console time (101.5 vs 118.3 min, respectively, P < 0.001). Total operation time and total anesthesia time were found to be shorter in extraperitoneal robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, without statistical significance (200.9 vs 193.2 min; 221.8 vs 213.3 min, respectively). Estimated blood loss was found to be lower for extraperitoneal robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (P = 0.001). Catheterization and hospitalization times were observed to be shorter in extraperitoneal robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (7.3 vs 5.8 days and 3.1 vs 2.3 days for transperitoneal robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and extraperitoneal robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, respectively, P < 0.05). The time to oral diet was significantly shorter in extraperitoneal robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (32.3 vs 20.1 h, P = 0.031). Functional outcomes (continence and erection) and complication rates were similar in both groups.ConclusionsExtraperitoneal robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy seems to be a good alternative to transperitoneal robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy with similar operative, pathological and functional results. As the surgical field remains away from the bowel, postoperative return to normal diet and early discharge can be favored.
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C gene polymorphisms in oral squamous cell carcinoma in south‐east Iran
Authors: Miri‐Moghaddam Ebrahim , Saravani Shirin , Garme Yasamn , Khosravi Arezoo , Bazi Ali , Motazedian Jamaledin 
Published: July 2015

BackgroundMethylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene encodes an essential enzyme involving in folate metabolism. Due to the role of folate in DNA integrity, polymorphisms of MTHFR are interesting targets for cancer risk studies. Our goal was to evaluate the prevalence of MTHFR C677T and A1298T single nucleotide polymorphisms in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).MethodsThe study was conducted on 57 OSCC patients diagnosed within 2004–2013 along with 62 non‐OSCC subjects. DNA was extracted by standard kit protocol. Subsequently, tetra‐ARMS (amplification refractory mutation system)‐PCR was applied to identify the selected polymorphisms.ResultsData showed that CT and TT genotypes of C677T polymorphisms significantly increased the risk of OSCC [odds ratio (OR) = 2.2, 95% CI: 1–5, P = 0.04]. Although allelic distribution was not significantly different between patients and controls, T allele of C677T polymorphism was closely associated with the risk of OSCC (OR = 2.5; 95% CI: 0.9–6.9; P = 0.07).Results indicated that C677T/A1298C: CC/AC and C677T/A1298C: CC/AA haplotypes were the most common combinations in OSCC patient and control groups, respectively. (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 0.6–3.8, P > 0.05).ConclusionOur results highlight the possible impact of C677T polymorphism in increasing the risk of OSCC development.
The CUPIC algorithm: an accurate model for the prediction of sustained viral response under telaprevir or boceprevir triple therapy in cirrhotic patients
Authors: Boursier J. , Ducancelle A. , Vergniol J. , Veillon P. , Moal V. , Dufour C. , Bronowicki J.‐P. , Larrey D. , Hézode C. , Zoulim F. , Fontaine H. , Canva V. , Poynard T. , Allam S. , De Lédinghen V. ,   the ANRS CO20 CUPIC Study Group
Published: July 2015

SummaryTriple therapy using boceprevir or telaprevir remains the reference treatment for genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C in countries where new interferon‐free regimens have not yet become available. Antiviral treatment is highly required in cirrhotic patients, but they represent a difficult‐to‐treat population. We aimed to develop a simple algorithm for the prediction of sustained viral response (SVR) in cirrhotic patients treated with triple therapy. A total of 484 cirrhotic patients from the ANRS CO20 CUPIC cohort treated with triple therapy were randomly distributed into derivation and validation sets. A total of 52.1% of patients achieved SVR. In the derivation set, a D0 score for the prediction of SVR before treatment initiation included the following independent predictors collected at day 0: prior treatment response, gamma‐GT, platelets, telaprevir treatment, viral load. To refine the prediction at the early phase of the treatment, a W4 score included as additional parameter the viral load collected at week 4. The D0 and W4 scores were combined in the CUPIC algorithm defining three subgroups: ‘no treatment initiation or early stop at week 4’, ‘undetermined’ and ‘SVR highly probable’. In the validation set, the rates of SVR in these three subgroups were, respectively, 11.1%, 50.0% and 82.2% (P < 0.001). By replacing the variable ‘prior treatment response’ with ‘IL28B genotype’, another algorithm was derived for treatment‐naïve patients with similar results. The CUPIC algorithm is an easy‐to‐use tool that helps physicians weigh their decision between immediately treating cirrhotic patients using boceprevir/telaprevir triple therapy or waiting for new drugs to become available in their country.
Using HED meteorites to interpret neutron and gamma‐ray data from asteroid 4 Vesta
Authors: Beck Andrew W. , Lawrence David J. , Peplowski Patrick N. , Prettyman Thomas H. , McCoy Timothy J. , McSween Harry Y. , Toplis Michael J. , Yamashita Naoyuki 
Published: July 2015

AbstractHere, we construct a comprehensive howardite, eucrite, and diogenite (HED) bulk chemistry data set to compare with Dawn data. Using the bulk chemistry data set, we determine four gamma‐ray/neutron parameters in the HEDs (1) relative fast neutron counts (fast counts), (2) macroscopic thermal neutron absorption cross section (absorption), (3) a high‐energy gamma‐ray compositional parameter (Cp), and (4) Fe abundance. These correspond to the four measurements of Vesta made by Dawn's Gamma Ray and Neutron Detector (GRaND) that can be used to discern HED lithologic variability on the Vestan surface. We investigate covariance between fast counts and average atomic mass (<A>) in the meteorite data set, where a strong correlation (r2 = 0.99) is observed, and we demonstrate that systematic offsets from the fast count/<A> trend are linked to changes in Fe and Ni concentrations. To compare the meteorite and GRaND data, we investigate and report covariance among fast counts, absorption, Cp, and Fe abundance in the HED meteorite data set. We identify several GRaND measurement spaces where the Yamato type B diogenites are distinct from all other HED lithologies, including polymict mixtures. The type B's are diogenites that are enriched in Fe + pigeonite + diopside ± plagioclase, relative to typical, orthopyroxenitic diogenites. We then compare these results to GRaND data and demonstrate that regions north of ~70°N latitude on Vesta (including the north pole) are consistent with type B diogenites. We propose two models to explain type B diogenite compositions in the north (1) deposition as Rheasilvia ejecta, or (2) type B plutons that were emplaced at shallow depths in the north polar region and sampled by local impacts. Lastly, using principal component (PC) analysis, we identify unique PC spaces for all HED lithologies, indicating that the corresponding GRaND measurables may be used to produce comprehensive lithologic maps for Vesta.
Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease as a consequence of autonomic imbalance and circadian desynchronization
Authors: Sabath E. , Báez‐Ruiz A. , Buijs R. M. 
Published: July 2015

SummaryThe circadian system, headed by the suprachiasmatic nucleus, synchronizes behaviour and metabolism according to the external light–dark cycle through neuroendocrine and autonomic signals. Metabolic diseases, such as steatosis, obesity and glucose intolerance, have been associated with conditions of circadian misalignment wherein the feeding schedule has been moved to the resting phase. Here we describe the physiological processes involved in liver lipid accumulation and show how they follow a circadian pattern importantly regulated by both the autonomic nervous system and the feeding–fasting cycle. We propose that an unbalanced activity of the sympathetic–parasympathetic branches between organs induced by circadian misalignment provides the conditions for the development and progression of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Griseofulvin and Fluconazole Reduce Transmission of Tinea Capitis in Schoolchildren
Authors: Shemer Avner , Grunwald Marcello H. , Gupta Aditya K. , Lyakhovitsky Anna , Daniel Carlton Ralph , Amichai Boaz 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectiveWe evaluated the efficacy of griseofulvin and fluconazole in reducing the potential for person‐to‐person transmission of tinea capitis (TC) in children.MethodsChildren with TC with positive fungal cultures were treated with griseofulvin 25 mg/kg/day (group A) or fluconazole 6 mg/kg/day (group B) for at least 21 days and up to 12 weeks until cure was achieved. Clinical and mycologic examinations occurred before treatment and on days 3, 7, 10, 14, and 21 of treatment. During each visit, mycologic examination was performed from scalp lesions of children and fingertips of medical staff and parents after a brief touch of the patient's scalp lesions.ResultsNinety patients were enrolled: 48 treated with griseofulvin and 42 with fluconazole. The predominant species were Trichophyton violaceum (n = 44) and Microsporum canis (n = 41), followed by Trichophyton mentagrophytes (n = 3) and Trichophyton rubrum (n = 2). Ten days after treatment more than 75% of patients from both treatment groups were noncontagious. At day 21, all patients from group A were noncontagious and two (7%) with positive culture of M. canis from group B were still contagious.ConclusionsNo statistically significant differences were found between treatment groups. Griseofulvin and fluconazole reduced the potential for disease transmission in children with TC, with griseofulvin being more effective for M. canis infections, although children with TC may be potentially contagious even after up to 3 weeks of treatment. These data should be considered regarding school attendance of children with TC.
Oral Nadolol for the Treatment of Infantile Hemangiomas: A Single‐Institution Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Randhawa Harkamal Kaur , Sibbald Cathryn , Garcia Romero Maria Teresa , Pope Elena 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackgroundBeta‐blockers have become the treatment of choice for problematic infantile hemangiomas (IHs). Nadolol, a nonselective beta‐blocker with potential dosing advantages and a better safety profile than that of other beta‐blockers, has been studied as an alternative therapeutic option. Our objective was to characterize the efficacy and safety of oral nadolol in the treatment of proliferating IHs.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Hospital for Sick Children between February 2010 and April 2012 in patients treated with nadolol for proliferating IHs causing functional impairment or cosmetic disfigurement. The primary outcome was the percentage involution measured independently by two assessors who scored changes in the extent of IHs by comparing serial photographs using a 100‐mm visual analogue scale (VAS), on which 5 mm represented 10% change.ResultsForty‐four patients treated with nadolol for IHs with adequate photographic documentation were identified. The median age at presentation was 4.5 months (interquartile range 1.5–7.9 mos). There was a mean improvement of 91.8 ± 11.1%. At least 50% improvement was noted in 42 (95%) patients and 75% improvement in 39 (89%) patients. The mean time to 50% and 75% improvement was 2.9 and 3.7 months, respectively. Analysis of variance showed that younger age at the time of treatment start was associated with a higher mean VAS score (% involution) (p < 0.05). Treatment duration (mean 9.5 ± 5.6 months) had no significant effect on VAS score. Test of interobserver correlation showed good agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.86, p = 0.001).ConclusionsOral nadolol is efficacious in patients with problematic IHs. Further large‐scale prospective comparative studies are warranted to compare nadolol with other beta‐blockers.
Registration of Aerial Imagery and Lidar Data in Desert Areas Using Sand Ridges
Authors: Li Na , Huang Xianfeng , Zhang Fan , Li Deren 
Published: July 2015

AbstractImage registration is a prerequisite for multisource data fusion. In this paper the problem of registering aerial images with lidar point clouds in desert areas is addressed. Compared with urban areas, registration in desert regions is difficult due to the lack of man‐made features which are typically used in traditional methods. However, sand ridges can be used as registration primitives. Firstly, sand‐ridge information is extracted from both the aerial image and the lidar point cloud. Secondly, by extending the iterative closest point (ICP) approach, a perspective‐ICP algorithm is proposed that achieves data registration through matching sand ridges. To automatically deal with outliers, an adaptive weighting strategy is adopted. Experiments and assessment using data from Dunhuang, Gobi Desert, China, demonstrate that the method can achieve efficient and reliable registration for desert areas.
Pacing Strategies of Ultracyclists in the “Race across AMerica”
Authors: Heidenfelder Angela , Rosemann Thomas , Rüst Christoph A. , Knechtle Beat 
Published: July 2015

Purpose:To examine pacing strategies of ultracyclists competing in the Race Across AMerica (RAAM), the world’s longest ultracycling race, covering ~4860 km from the West to the East coast of America.Methods:Age, cycling speed at and across time stations, race distance, relative difference in altitude between time stations, wind velocity, wind gradient, and temperature at each time station were recorded for women and men competing from 2010 to 2014. Changes in cycling speed and power output of elite and age-group finishers were analyzed using mixed-effects regression analyses.Results:Cycling speed decreased across time stations for women and men where men were faster than women. Power output decreased across time stations in women and men and was lower for women for all finishers, the annual 3 fastest, and age group 60–69 y but not for age groups 18–49 and 50–59 y. The change in temperature and altitude had an influence on cycling speed and power output in all finishers, the annual top 3, nonfinishers, and in all different age groups for both women and men but in the age group 50–59 y altitude had no influence on cycling speed.Conclusions:Positive pacing (ie, decrease in speed throughout the race) seemed to be the adequate strategy in the RAAM. The top 3 finishers started faster and had a higher power output at the start than less successful competitors, achieved the highest peak cycling speeds and power output, and maintained peak cycling speed and power output longer before slowing down.
The Sensitivity of Differential Ratings of Perceived Exertion as Measures of Internal Load
Authors: McLaren Shaun J. , Graham Michael , Spears Iain R. , Weston Matthew 
Published: July 2015

Purpose:To investigate the sensitivity of differential ratings of perceived exertion (dRPE) as measures of internal load.Methods:Twenty-two male university soccer players performed 2 maximal incremental-exercise protocols (cycle, treadmill) on separate days. Maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max), maximal heart rate (HRmax), peak blood lactate concentration (B[La]peak), and the preprotocol-to-postprotocol change in countermovement-jump height (ΔCMJH) were measured for each protocol. Players provided dRPE (CR100) for breathlessness (RPE-B) and leg-muscle exertion (RPE-L) immediately on exercise termination (RPE-B0, RPE-L0) and 30 min postexercise (RPE-B30, RPE-L30). Data were analyzed using magnitude-based inferences.Results:There were clear between-protocols differences for V̇O2max (cycle 46.5 ± 6.3 vs treadmill 51.0 ± 5.1 mL · kg−1 · min−1, mean difference –9.2%; ±90% confidence limits 3.7%), HRmax (184.7 ± 12.7 vs 196.7 ± 7.8 beats/min, –6.0%; ±1.7%), B[La]peak (9.7 ± 2.1 vs 8.5 ± 2.0 mmol/L, 15%; ±10%), and ΔCMJH (–7.1 ± 4.2 vs 0.6 ± 3.6 cm, –23.2%; ±5.4%). Clear between-protocols differences were recorded for RPE-B0 (78.0 ± 11.7 vs 94.7 ± 9.5 AU, –18.1%; ±4.5%), RPE-L0 (92.6 ± 9.7 vs 81.3 ± 14.1 AU, 15.3%; ±7.6%), RPE-B30 (70 ± 11 vs 82 ± 13 AU, –13.8%; ±7.3%), and RPE-L30 (86 ± 12 vs 65 ± 19 AU, 37%; ±17%). A substantial timing effect was observed for dRPE, with moderate to large reductions in all scores 30 min postexercise compared with scores collected on exercise termination.Conclusion:dRPE enhance the precision of internal-load measurement and therefore represent a worthwhile addition to training-load-monitoring procedures.
Coincidence point theorems for some multi-valued mappings in complete metric spaces endowed with a graph
Authors: Klanarong Chalongchai , Suantai Suthep 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce the concepts of weak g-graph-preserving for multi-valued mappings and weak G-contractions in a metric space endowed with a directed graph. We establish the coincidence point theorems for this type of mappings in a complete metric space endowed with a directed graph. Examples illustrating our main results are also presented. Our results extend and generalize various known results in the literature.