bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Iron Age tombs at Knossos: (Knossos Survey 25)
Authors: Hood M. S. F. , Boardman John 
Published: October 2013

This group of tombs lies about 50 metres south-west of the main Knossos–Herakleion road, immediately opposite the new Sanatorium. Here in the autumn of 1953 Mr. David Smollett, then engaged in making the map for the Knossos Survey, noticed some large sherds which had been thrown into a rubbish pit on the edge of a small patch of ground newly ploughed for a vineyard (Plan, Fig. 1, a). The vineyard lay on the top of a slight knoll behind the café on the west side of the road. The knoll had until this time been occupied by a threshing floor, and was pointed out by the local inhabitants as the site of the ‘Tomb of Caiaphas’. But the great Roman concrete-built tomb traditionally known as the ‘Tomb of Caiaphas’, was really, it appears, on the main road some metres away to the north-west (Knossos Survey 23): it was destroyed about 1880 when the road was built.The sherds recovered by Mr. Smollett, some of them large and freshly broken from fine Geometric vases, made it seem likely that there was a disturbed tomb of that period in the area. Permission was therefore sought, and readily granted by Dr. N. Platon, Ephor of Antiquities for Crete, to explore the field before it was planted with vines. Trials led to the discovery of three small collapsed chamber tombs, all apparently Iron Age in date, cut in the soft kouskouras rock. The tombs clearly belong to the same complex as tombs L, Π, and TFT which have been published by Brock in Fortetsa (1957). They stood in a row with their entrances facing south towards Knossos. Two isolated burials (Plan, Fig. 1, b, c), extended on their backs with their heads to the west and feet to the east immediately below the surface of the field, may be Roman or later; there was a bent iron nail by the left hand of burial c. The knoll with the tombs lies near the western edge of the big Roman cemetery which covered the region now occupied by the new Sanatorium (Knossos Survey 35).
Inscriptions from the Khersonese
Authors: Hereward Daphne 
Published: October 2013

At Madutos, once in the Church of St. Constantine, now built into the wall of the house of Salik Yavaş 37, Arif Hikmet Caddesi, Kemalpaşa Mahallesi, Eceabat. Squared but incomplete, creamy stone. Height *0·4 m., breadth *0·55, thickness unascertainable; letter and space down 0·027 in line 1, 0·061 for the rest; letter and space across 0·32.For the use of ἀγαθῆι τύχηι in Thracian inscriptions there are references in Dumont–Homolle. The letters in line 2 may come from εἰμί and τίτλος, but it seems unlikely, or they may be some expression with ἐπι-. The letters in the third line are probably not from a name, but possibly from Αγοραν̣[ομησας] or αγοραν̣[ομος] may be the next word, though the last letter is more likely to have been iota or sigma than nu.The dedicatory phrase ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων ποιήσας ἀνέστησεν occurs in, for instance, Traiana Augusta in A.D. 187. There seem to be no parallels in the vicinity for the name Lakunios or Lakunis. There is a similar inscription from Madutos in BCH 1912, 307.
The Knossos Sealings: Provenance and Identification
Authors: Gill M. A. V. 
Published: October 2013

Basic to a study of the Knossos sealings are questions of provenance and identification. Seal-impressed nodules were excavated from various parts of the Main Palace and its dependencies, both as isolated finds and as hoards. What sealings were found in which places? And how many can be identified with actual examples in Herakleion and Oxford? Those are the two questions to be considered in this article.The documents available for this research vary in reliability. Among published accounts, reports in BSA have the virtue of being written in the same year as the excavation, though even they are subject to occasional errors arising out of misread notes. SM i compiled a few years later contains a more mature assessment of the material but is mainly limited to the Hieroglyphic Deposit. More detailed information is to be found in PM i–iv; but because of the time that elapsed between the important excavation seasons at the beginning of the century and the publication of this work, the advantage of Evans's greater experience of Minoan archaeology is outweighed by a greater tendency for mistakes to enter unnoticed.
Two Palatial Stone Vases from Knossos
Authors: Warren Peter 
Published: October 2013

At the invitation of Dr. St. Alexiou, Ephor of Antiquities for Crete and Director of Herakleion Museum, two magnificent large stone vases from the original Knossos excavations are published here. The vases (A. Her. Mus. 21; B. Her. Mus. 23) were found in 1900 in the passage adjoining the ‘Room of the Stone Vases’ on the south, and were reported by Evans. They are the vases of which more details about the find-spot have been given by John Boardman. The fact that vases were found in this passage, well above the floor level (Boardman op. cit.), confirms Evans's view that the whole series had fallen from the upper floor, the majority into the basement room north of the passage.Each of these vases is unique but they may be taken as part of a series of large stone vessels in use in the Palace at the time of its destruction. This series includes the giant amphora and the smaller one from the Sculptor's Workshop, the dark maroon limestone basin from the passage north of the Throne Room, and two other large basins from the North-west Insula, a fine reddish limestone amphora, the Throne Room alabastra and various large vessels from the Central Treasury deposit. The two lids have L.M. IB parallels whilst that of the reddish limestone amphora is similar.
Excavations at Palaikastro VI
Authors: Sackett L. H. , Popham M. R. , Warren P. M. 
Published: October 2013

The first excavations at Palaikastro, undertaken in the years 1902–6 by Bosanquet, Dawkins, and others, coincided with the first great period of research and discovery in Minoan Crete. They ran concurrently with Evans's early seasons at Knossos and with Hogarth's work at Zakro, not far from Palaikastro, and were in a true sense pioneer work. The series of reports which appeared in the Annual from 1901/2–1905/6, together with the later supplementary volume of Unpublished Objects and two final articles prepared for publication by various hands, built up a systematic and clear picture of one of the largest and perhaps the best preserved Minoan settlement yet excavated in Crete.The work was undertaken on a major scale, in the third season employing up to seventy workmen for nearly three months. It produced evidence for occupation in the area from the Neolithic to the end of the Late Minoan period, with a continuing cult of Dictaean Zeus from Geometric down to Hellenistic and Roman times. In addition some careful anthropological work was done, and the phases of occupation were tied in with those of the other Minoan sites known at the time.
Some Unpublished Knossos Sealings and Sealstones
Authors: Betts John H. 
Published: October 2013

While engaged in the study of pottery in the apothekai of the Stratigraphical Museum at Knossos in 1962, M. R. Popham discovered two boxes containing eighty-one fragments of clay sealings and five worn and damaged sealstones.The sealstones and sixty-seven of the sealings, those bearing distinguishable impressions, are published in this catalogue. The other fourteen fragments have been omitted; and of those published no photographs are provided here because the material will, it is hoped, appear fully in the volumes of the Corpus der minoischen und mykenischen Siegel devoted to the Herakleion Museum collection. The present catalogue is intended as an interim publication and, in particular, as a subscript to M. A. V. Gill's account of the Knossos sealings and their provenience.Of the two boxes in which this material was rediscovered the first came from an apotheke which housed pottery from the Domestic Quarter of the Palace. It contained the sealstones and forty-two of the sealing fragments (nos. I to V and 1 to 42 below). The second containing twenty-five of the sealing fragments (nos. 43 to 67 below) came from an apotheke just north of the Throne Room with pottery originating from the West Quarter of the Palace. Unfortunately the pottery in the apothekai is not an infallible guide to the original provenience of these sealstones and sealings. A few of the latter are duplicated by sealings in the Herakleion Museum of known provenience at Knossos or may be identified as from a particular deposit because a sketch of them appears in Evans's notebooks and/or because they are listed in The Palace of Minos. In fact the evidence tends to suggest that these sealings came from widely scattered proveniences both inside and outside the Palace (cf. BSA lx (1965) 60, and in particular comments on 1, 12, 17, 20, 28, 33, 51, and 52 below).
False-Façade Tombs at Cyrene
Authors: Tomlinson R. A. 
Published: October 2013

My drawing (Fig. 1) shows a tentative restoration of tomb S 201 at Cyrene, and Fig. 2 its plan. In Cassels's catalogue of the Cyrene tombs, which recognizes its importance, it is described simply as a built rectangular tomb and marked as such on his map. My investigations suggest that it is rather more complicated, and belongs to a specialized class of tomb of considerable architectural interest.The present condition of the tomb can be seen in Plate 44, a. Part of the walling is still upright, but most of the superstructure has collapsed, encumbering the ruins. This, together with the very short time at my disposal, made it impossible to carry out a complete investigation, which would require clearing the tomb and arranging the various fallen blocks accessibly. Nevertheless the tomb is important enough to deserve a study based on the information available, even though, inevitably, some of the details will have to remain conjectural.The tomb comprises a rectangular forecourt excavated into the rock, which here forms a virtually level ground surface, and a rock-cut chamber opening off its north-west side. This is the normal practice at Cyrene when rock-cut tombs are constructed on the level parts of the plateau. I could not take full measurements of the court; its width is a little under 12 metres, other details being obscured by fallen masonry and silt.
Late Minoan IIIC Pottery from the Kephala Tholos Tomb near Knossos
Authors: Cadogan Gerald 
Published: October 2013

The tholos tomb on the Kephala ridge near Knossos, which R. W. Hutchinson excavated in December 1938, contained in the fill several deposits of skeletal remains and of L.M. IIIC pottery. These belong to a period long after that of the construction and original use of the tomb, which Hutchinson dates to L.M. IA. In his report he describes the bone deposits and mentions and illustrates some of the pots. V. Desborough, who was one of Hutchinson's assistants in the excavation, has discussed briefly more of the L.M. IIIC pottery, but it has never been published in full. So, when Vronwy Hankey, Hutchinson's other assistant, recently produced her fieldnotes and Hutchinson's catalogue of the whole or nearly whole pots, M. Popham suggested that, with the excavator's permission, I should publish the pots listed in the catalogue—the publication of more L.M. IIIB and C pottery being an urgent need in Minoan archaeology.The original catalogue records seventeen pots, of which two are missing (5, a conical cup, and 7, a deep bowl); to these has been added 18, a coarse-ware bowl, restored but not hitherto catalogued. From the catalogue and from Vronwy Hankey's notes it has been possible to place most of the pots approximately in their find-spots and relate some with the various secondary burials in the tomb. The excavation report gives five L.M. IIIC deposits inside the chamber: three bone deposits at less than a metre's depth below the datum, with which no pots can be associated, although the stirrup-jar 1, which is typologically late, was found just below this level; lower still were the plain deep bowl 4 and the krateriskos 14, perhaps to be associated with the fourth deposit of two skulls close together in the area of shaft grave δ between 1·0 and 1·70 m. below the datum. At about the same depth the deep bowl 11 was found near the entrance.
Δίπαλτος
Authors: Lorimer H. L. 
Published: October 2013

―ἀμφοτέραις ταῖς χερσὶν οῖον περιδεξίως με φονεύοι παντὶ σθένει ὡς occurs in Attic tragedy in these three passages, and apparently nowhere else in Classical literature.On the passage in the Ajax, the earliest of the three, the Scholiast comments:―ἀμφοτέραις ταῖς χερσὶν οῖον περιδεξίως με φονεύοι παντὶ σθένει ὡςΔίδυμος ἤ ὁ στρατός με φονεύοι φονεύοι λαβὼν τὰ δίπαλτα δόρατα, ὡς Πῖός φησιν information which Suidas repeats in a slightly abbreviated form without reference to authorities. That is, there were two lines of interpretation, one literal, ‘with a spear in each hand’, as is plainly shewn by the reference to Φ 162–3 implied by περιδεξίως (περιδέξιος there can only be the equivalent of the metrically impossible ἀμφιδέξιος, a meaning recognised in AP xii. 247, an epigram with a Homeric flavouring) and one figurative ‘with might and main’ (διπλῇ χειρὶ καὶ πάσῃ δυνἁμει as Schol. Tricl. puts it). The meaning attached by Pius to δίπαλτος escapes us, since he may equally well have meant ‘spears brandished in each hand’ and ‘spears brandished mightily’, (i.e. ἀμφοτέραις ταῖς χερσίν without the defining περιδεξίως) but his comment implies that the weapon was assumed to be the spear. This is what the verb πάλλειν would in the first instance suggest to a Greek, since where weapons are concerned Homer uses it exclusively of brandishing a spear or stone.
Spendekanne Aus Samos
Authors: Buschor Ernst 
Published: October 2013

Im Heiligtum der Hera von Samos kam eine etwa 30 cm hohe tönerne Kanne (Taf. 8) zutage, die an Nachlässigkeit der Ausführung wohl nur von wenigen dort gefundenen Geräten überboten wird und trotzdem zu den bemerkenswertesten keramischen Funden des Heiligtums gehört. Ich habe sie schon in ‘Satyrtänze und Frühes Drama’ (SB Bayer. Ak. d. Wiss. 1943 Heft 5, 10 ff.) kurz erwähnt und dem mittleren Drittel des siebenten Jahrhunderts zugewiesen; sie muss noch älter sein, wie sich aus den hier angestellten Vergleichen zeigen wird.Es handelt sich um eine ‘Figurenvase’, um ein Gefäss, das weitgehend in eine plastische Gestalt verwandelt ist. Trotzdem können wir sie zunächst einmal als gewöhnliches Gefäss betrachten, wenn wir berücksichtigen, dass, dem figürlichen Gegenstand zuliebe, der Ausguss tiefer, in die untere Hälfte des Gefässes, gerückt ist und dass wohl auch die besondere Abrundung der Schultern im Zusammenhang mit der plastischen Gestalt steht.
Painted Funerary Plaques and some Remarks on Prothesis
Authors: Boardman John 
Published: October 2013

Throughout the history of figure-decorated pottery in Attica the artists also painted flat clay plaques for use as dedications. In addition, for a limited period of a little over a century we find from their workshops similar objects designed specifically for the decoration of tombs: it is with these that this article is concerned, and a catalogue of the surviving examples known to me is appended. All are painted in the black-figure technique and all figure the prothesis, the laying-out of the dead with the accompanying dirge, and many also the assembling of guests and preparation for the procession to the tomb, the ekphora. The plaques themselves have been found in the cemeteries of Athens as well as in outlying villages in Attica, though never in position on a tomb.Zschietzschmann, in his study of prothesis scenes in Greek art, commented on the fact that these funerary plaques may be divided into those that form part of a series and those complete in themselves, without, however, distinguishing them in his list. We shall see that this division is not a meaningless convenience, for it reflects also their chronology, scale, and ultimate setting. For this reason I have distinguished between the plaque series and the single plaques in the catalogue below, and will deal with each class separately, detailed remarks about individual pieces being reserved for inclusion with their description in the catalogue.
A Late Minoan Tomb at Knossos
Authors: Hutchinson R. W. 
Published: October 2013

During the course of agricultural operations on the vineyard of one Kosti Psilakis, south of the Temple Tomb and on the opposite side of the Herakleion-Arkhanes road, three vases in stone and two in pottery were uncovered by the cultivator and were appropriated by the Herakleion Museum.On 24 April 1940 Miss Vronwy Fisher (now Mrs. Hankey) and I excavated the site on behalf of the British School at Athens and uncovered a very small chamber tomb, of which most of the chamber walls and all of the dromos walls had been cut away. One or possibly two L.M. III burials had suffered severely, but the earliest burial on the inmost or western side of the chamber seems to have remained undisturbed until 1940, when Psilakis began to lay out a vineyard here.
Electron Channeling Contrast Imaging of Plastic Deformation Induced by Indentation in Polycrystalline Nickel
Authors: Kaboli Shirin , Goldbaum Dina , Chromik Richard R. , Gauvin Raynald 
Published: October 2013

AbstractVickers microindentation and Berkovich nanoindentation tests were carried out on a polycrystalline nickel (Ni) bulk specimen. Electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI) in conjunction with electron backscattered diffraction was used to image and characterize plastic deformation inside and around the indents using a field emission scanning electron microscope. The ECCI was performed with a 5 keV beam energy and 0° tilt specimen position. The strain field distribution, slip lines, and Taylor lattices were imaged on an indented surface. Orientation mapping was used to investigate the local crystallographic misorientation and identify specific ⟨110⟩ slip systems. An ion milling surface preparation technique was used to remove materials from the surface which permitted the study of deformed microstructure below the indent. A dislocation density of 1011cm−2was calculated based on the curvature of bend contours observed in the ECCI micrographs obtained from the Vickers indents. A yield strength of 500 MPa was calculated based on the size of the strain field measured from the ECCI micrographs of the nanoindents. The combination of ion milling, ECCI, and electron backscattered diffraction was shown to be beneficial to investigate the indentation-induced plastic deformation in a polycrystalline Ni bulk specimen.
Questioning the Secular-Religious Cleavage in Palestinian Politics: Comparing Fatah and Hamas
Authors: Løvlie Frode 
Published: October 2013

AbstractFollowing the 2007 war between Fatah and Hamas, Palestinian politics appears to have followed the regional trend where the competition between secularism and Islamism is developing into a major political cleavage. Through comparisons of the two movements' ideologies, however, the article questions the relevance of this religious-secular cleavage to explaining Palestinian factional politics. Fatah — the traditional hegemon in Palestinian politics and previously staunchly secularist — has turned increasingly religious in response to the spread of Islamism. Hamas for its part has shed its overly religious rhetoric, absolutist territorial claims, and insistence on a violent solution to the Palestinian problem, in tandem with the deradicalization of the Palestinian population. In finding that both movements have moved toward the center of the political spectrum to maximize support, the article concludes that their rivalry is best understood as a competition for the median voter rather than as an indication of political polarization.
A penalized Bayesian approach to predicting sparse protein–DNA binding landscapes
Authors: Levinson Matthew , Zhou Qing 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Motivation: Cellular processes are controlled, directly or indirectly, by the binding of hundreds of different DNA binding factors (DBFs) to the genome. One key to deeper understanding of the cell is discovering where, when and how strongly these DBFs bind to the DNA sequence. Direct measurement of DBF binding sites (BSs; e.g. through ChIP-Chip or ChIP-Seq experiments) is expensive, noisy and not available for every DBF in every cell type. Naive and most existing computational approaches to detecting which DBFs bind in a set of genomic regions of interest often perform poorly, due to the high false discovery rates and restrictive requirements for prior knowledge.
Results: We develop SparScape, a penalized Bayesian method for identifying DBFs active in the considered regions and predicting a joint probabilistic binding landscape. Using a sparsity-inducing penalization, SparScape is able to select a small subset of DBFs with enriched BSs in a set of DNA sequences from a much larger candidate set. This substantially reduces the false positives in prediction of BSs. Analysis of ChIP-Seq data in mouse embryonic stem cells and simulated data show that SparScape dramatically outperforms the naive motif scanning method and the comparable computational approaches in terms of DBF identification and BS prediction.
Availability and implementation: SparScape is implemented in C++ with OpenMP (optional at compilation) and is freely available at ‘www.stat.ucla.edu/∼zhou/Software.html’ for academic use.
Contact: zhou@stat.ucla.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Multi-shot printing of conductive tracks using a dry carbon nanotube ink
Authors: Wright Andrew 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
– Wearable electronics is an emerging technology predicted to become a 50B$ industry by 2018. Components and circuits will be highly integrated into clothing and other apparel. One crucial factor is the need for highly robust, flexible printed circuit tracks with sufficiently high electrical conductivity. The fact that metal-based tracks tend to suffer from fatigue failure has driven the development of alternative materials. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Alternative materials are organic conductors and carbon nanotubes. The latter has a great flexibility and intrinsic strength. While nanotubes can be solubilised and printed using ink-jet techniques, this usually requires polymer additives. The paper has therefore sought to develop a novel solvent-free dry-ink.

Findings
– The paper has found that it is possible to directly transfer from a nanotube growth substrate, via a hard print stamp head, onto a flexible rubber substrate and that one loading of the stamp can give many individual prints before exhaustion: the dry-ink stamp face effectively de-layers by a set amount each time a print is made. Many consecutive, highly consistent and uniform prints can be made using this approach. When printed onto natural rubber, the printed tracks are very robust and can be stretched to 100 per cent strain without permanent damage. The electrical conductivity can be improved by a simple alcohol treatment to consolidate the fibers and by iodine doping reaching 38 S · cm−1.

Originality/value
– The findings offer an economical way to print highly robust electrically conductive tracks of carbon nanotubes directly onto flexible substrates.