bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and Characterization of Compounds from Truffle Melanogaster broomenaus and their Bioactivities
Authors: Şavkıncı Gülay , Taş Küçükaydın Meltem , Kuş Çiğdem , Küçükaydın Selçuk , Emin Duru Mehmet , Öztürk Mehmet 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMelanogaster broomeanus Berk. is a type of truffle common in pine, oak, and hazelnut forests and which naturally spreads in the Black Sea, Mediterranean, South‐West Anatolia in Turkey, is consumed as food and traded. Chemical investigation of M. broomenaus led to isolate of ten known compounds namely, brassicasterol (1), ergosterol (2), ergosterol peroxide (3), 5α, 6α‐epoxy ergosta‐7,22‐diene‐3β‐ol (4), trametenolic acid (5), maleic acid (6), fumaric acid (7), mannitol (8), kojibiose (9) and trehalose (10). Assessments of the antioxidant, anticholinesterase, anti‐urease, and cytotoxic properties of extracts and isolated compounds were carried out. Compound 5 showed the highest cytotoxic activity against H‐1299 with IC50: 23.78±0.98 μg/mL, while compound 2 demonstrated most potent cytotoxicity against MCF‐7 with IC50: 30.91±0.15 μg/ml. Also, compound 5 showed the highest antioxidant activity in all methods, particularly in DPPH and ABTS assays with IC50 values of 90.24±0.87, 75.41±0.10 μg/mL, respectively. Similarly, compound 5 exhibited highest activity with 38.84±1.22 % and 44.58±0.96 % inhibitions against AChE and BChE, respectively, while compound 7 were found to be most potent inhibitory against urease with value of 55.20±0.45 % at 100 μg/mL concentration. These findings suggest that M. broomenaus, like numerous other edible mushrooms, is a steroid‐rich truffle and a potential source of steroids.
A Water‐Soluble Multifunctional Probe for Colorimetric Copper Sensing, Lysosome Labelling and Live‐Cell Imaging
Authors: Bonaccorso Carmela , Maria Cucci Lorena , Sanfilippo Vanessa , Munzone Cristina , Fortuna Cosimo G. , Satriano Cristina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe report a water‐soluble fluorescence and colorimetric copper probe (LysoBC1); this system can also serve for lysosome labeling and for the dynamic tracking of Cu2+ in living cells. The sensing mechanism takes advantage of the synergic action by the following three components: i) a lysosome targeting unit, ii) the spirolactam ring‐opening for the selective copper chelation and iii) the metal‐mediated hydrolysis of the rhodamine moiety for fluorescence enhancement. In aqueous environment the molecule acts as a fluorescent reversible pH sensor and as colorimetric probe for Cu2+ at physiological pH; the hydrolysis of the copper targeting unit resulted in a 50‐fold increase of the fluorescence intensity. Most importantly, in vitro cell analyses in undifferentiated (SH SY5Y) and differentiated (d‐SH SY5Y) neuroblastoma cells, LysoBC1 is able to selectively accumulate into lysosome while the copper binding ability allowed us to monitor intracellular copper accumulation into lysosome.
Bimetallic Ni‐Co Supported on Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes For Prox Reaction
Authors: de Souza Hebert Douglas Pereira , Toniolo Fabio Souza , Schmal Martin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHydrogen is a key component for a successful energy transition on a large scale since it boasts remarkable energy efficiency. Currently, H2 is mainly obtained through steam reforming of natural gas or hydrocarbons and low‐carbon alcohols but contains approximately 2 % CO, a contaminant detrimental to H2 fuel cells. Herein, an N‐doped carbon nanotube was prepared via the soft nitriding method to support nickel and cobalt for the PROX‐CO as the main reaction for hydrogen purification. The most efficient condition was achieved when the reaction temperature reached 250 °C and the Ni and Co loading rate was 7.5 %. In this situation, the CO2 selectivity reached almost 33 %, and CO conversion was 61 %. Regarding CO conversion among bimetallic catalysts at 250 °C a minimal variation occurred and the catalyst 10Ni/N‐CNTs slightly outperformed (64.4 %). The effect of N‐doping on the carbon nanotube's structure was also revealed. Nitrogen atoms incorporated into the lattice of carbon nanotubes impart an electron‐donor character. Consequently, Co oxide reduction to the metallic phase occurred at significantly lower temperatures compared to other supports such as SiO2, Al2O3, and graphene. For the bimetallic catalysts, the strong metal‐support interaction facilitated obtaining different oxide and metallic phases at milder temperatures.
Electrochemical Gold Redox Catalysis
Authors: Kumar Anil , Bhattacharya Nandita , Patil Nitin T. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe high oxidation potential of Au(I)/Au(III) redox couple renders the development of gold‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions highly challenging. In the pursuit of Au(I)/Au(III) redox catalysis, various strategies, such as the use of stoichiometric oxidants, merged gold/photoredox systems, or ligand‐enabled approaches, have been adopted to achieve the oxidation of Au(I) to Au(III) complexes. Recently, electrochemical anodic oxidation‐based gold redox catalysis has emerged as a new technique to facilitate gold‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions. This concept article provides a succinct overview of electrochemical gold redox catalysis, highlighting the challenges and potential future developments.
CoS2 Nanoparticles Embedded N‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes Hollow Polyhedron for Hydrogen Evolution and Al−S Batteries
Authors: Lin Yan , Cui Xiaojiao , Liu Pinxin , Wang Zihan , Zhang Xin , Yang Xin , Feng Chao , Pan Yuan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractElectrode active materials are the foremost component for energy related electrocatalysis and storage. Rational design and controlled synthesis of hybrid nanostructures is essential to achieve high efficiency but still challenging. Herein, we reported the synthesis of CoS2 nanoparticles embedded in the hollow polyhedron of N‐doped carbon nanotubes (CoS2‐NCNHP), which shows improved electrocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to the strong synergy effect and the peculiar hollow polyhedral structure. It only needs 158 and 192 mV vs. RHE to arrive the current density to 10 mA cm−2 in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 1 M KOH, and the activity can be kept for at least of 24 h with negligible loss. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations suggest more electrons with quickly round‐trip transferred rate in CoS2‐NCNHP can undergo the HER process, CoS2‐NCNHP surface shows optimal interaction with H*, and greatly accelerates the dissociation of H2O molecules. Moreover, CoS2‐NCNHP worked as cathode sulfur host material for aluminum‐sulfur (Al−S) batteries, it exhibits a remarkable increase in the discharge specific capacity, the specific discharge capacity of the battery in the first circle is 515.46 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1, and the specific discharge capacity can still be maintained at 110 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles, along with a notable reduction in battery polarization owning to the hollow structure enhanced sulfur utilization.
An Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor for in Situ Detection of GABA in Plant Leaves
Authors: Wu Haotong , Wang Yueyue , Wei Qian , Luo Bin , Wang Cheng , Hou Peichen , Li Aixue 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) is involved in the signal transduction and metabolism of various substances in plants. Its in vivo detection in plants is of great importance for understanding its physiological role. In this study, an ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor is developed for in vivo detecting GABA in plants based on screen printed electrode (SPE) electrode. Gold nanoparticles (Au NP) was electrodeposited on the SPE to improve the conductivity of the electrode. Nanocomposite of ferrocene‐Carboxylated graphene oxide‐carboxylated multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (Fc‐GO‐MWCNT) was fabricated on the electrode to improve the electrochemical properties of the sensor, and Fc was used to generate electrochemical signals. Then polydopamine (PDA) was electropolymerized on the electrode to improve the electrochemical activity of the sensor and increase the loading amount of GABA antibody. The as‐prepared immunosensor shows the widest detection range of 10 fM to 10 mM, and lowest detection limit of 1.9 fM (S/N=3) for GABA. This immunosensor was applied for in vivo detecting GABA in the cucumber leaves under salt stress. Our sensor is the first electrochemical immunosensor for in vivo detecting GABA in plant. It proposes a new strategy for the development of immunosensor for in vivo detection of biomolecules in plants.
In situ Reconstructured Alloy Nanosheets Heterojunction for Highly Selective Electrochemical CO2 Reduction to Formate
Authors: Fu Yao , Zeng Binghuan , Wang Xin , Lai Longsheng , Wu Qifan , Leng Kangmin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTin (Sn)‐based materials are expected to realize efficient CO2 electroreduction into formate. Herein, we constructed a heterojunction by depositing Cu on Cu‐doped SnS2 nanosheets. During the electrochemical reaction, this heterojunction evolves to a highly active phase of Cu2O@Cu6Sn5 while maintaining its two‐dimensional morphology. Specifically, a partial current density of 35 mA cm−2 with an impressive faradaic efficiency of 93 % for formate production was achieved over the evolved heterojunction. In situ and ex situ experiments elucidated the formation mechanism of the Cu₂O@Cu₆Sn₅ heterojunction. Cu₆Sn₅ nanosheets were formed via a stepwise desulfurization process, while Cu₂O was generated through its reaction with hydroxyl radicals. This evolved heterojunction with a high electrochemically active surface area synergistically stabilized the *OCHO intermediate, thereby significantly enhancing the selectivity and activity. Our findings provide insight into the structural evolution process and guide the development of selective electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction.
Biological and Medicinal Chemistry Sector of The Royal Society of Chemistry: Promoting Chemistry Learning, Networking and Excellence for Baby Boomers through to Gen Alpha!
Authors: Bagal Sharan K. , Giblin Gerard M. P. , Hall Adrian , Jones Philip S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Biological and Medicinal Chemistry Sector (BMCS) is an important interest group within the UK's Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). Operating through a committee of voluntary members, the main goal of the BMCS is to share knowledge within the sector, primarily by organizing high quality scientific meetings, with a particular focus on networking. Financial support and tailored scientific programmes encourage training and development across multiple generations, from school age through to retirement. Scientific excellence is recognised through several high‐profile awards.
Thresholding optimization of global navigation satellite system acquisition with constant false alarm rate detection using metaheuristic techniques
Authors: Hassani Mohamed Fouad , Toumi Abida , Benkrinah Sabra , Sbaa Salim 
Published: July 2024

SummaryIn this paper, the enhancement of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) adaptive acquisition using metaheuristic optimization techniques is proposed. The principal goal of this work is to optimize the cell averaging constant false alarm rate (CA‐CFAR) thresholding in Rayleigh fading channels. In GNSS acquisition, pilot and data blocks may have different thresholds. Thus, the optimization will focus on two scaling factors (
and
). Two fusion rules have been used here (“AND” and “OR”). Due to their performances in different optimization problems, metaheuristics have been chosen to be our tool for solving this kind of problem. Simulation results show that the optimized thresholds have an important influence on the performance of the acquisition system.
Unique endoscopic features of primary biliary diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: A case report with literature review (with video)
Authors: Nakamura Tomoya , Masaki Yoshiharu , Kameyama Naohiro , Kawakami Yujiro , Ishigami Keisuke , Takada Yumemi , Satoh Shuji , Sugawara Taro , Sugita Shintaro , Nakase Hiroshi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA 67‐year‐old man visited our hospital complaining of dark‐colored urine and upper abdominal pain. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed stricture of the distal bile duct, and contrast‐enhanced computed tomography showed irregular thickening of the distal bile duct wall. However, no enlarged lymph nodes, pancreatic tumors, or other neoplastic lesions were apparent around the bile duct. Endoscopic ultrasonography and intraductal ultrasonography showed irregular thickening of the inner hypoechoic layer without the disappearance of the innermost thin hyperechoic layer. On the basis of these findings, we considered that the bile duct lesion was of non‐epithelial origin. Thus, we repeatedly performed bile duct biopsies from the same site under fluoroscopy to obtain a sample of the submucosal tissue. The pathological diagnosis was diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, and the patient received systemic chemotherapy (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone). After six courses of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone, positron emission tomography‐computed tomography showed the disappearance of 18‐fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the bile duct and endoscopic retrograde cholangiography showed improvement of the bile duct stricture. Endoscopic findings and repeated biopsies were useful in making the diagnosis of primary biliary diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma.
A method for estimating the bulk density and particle density of granite residual soil based on the construction of pedotransfer functions
Authors: Wang Jianyu , Lin Zhe , He Ling , Wei Jiangxing , Deng Yusong , Duan Xiaoqian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractParticle density (ρs) and bulk density (ρb) are key factors in the calculation of total soil porosity. However, direct measurements of ρs and ρb are labour‐intensive, time‐consuming, and sometimes impractical. Pedotransfer functions (PTFs) provide alternative methods for indirect estimation of ρs and ρb. In this paper, the accuracy of typical 12 ρs and 9 ρb PTFs was evaluated using easily measurable soil properties (sand, silt, clay, and soil organic matter (SOM) content) from granitic residual soils collected from six study areas in subtropical China, and the accuracy of PTFs constructed based on multiple linear stepwise regression (MSR) and machine‐learned algorithms (backpropagation neural network, k‐nearest neighbour algorithms, random forests, support vector machines, and gradient boosted decision trees) was compared to determine the accuracy of PTFs. The results show that typical PTFs have poor accuracy (R2adjusted < 0.020) and are not applicable to the indirect estimation of ρs and ρb in granitic residual soils. The PTFs constructed by machine learning algorithms all performed better than MSR, with the highest estimation accuracy of the PTFs constructed by the random forest algorithm, with R2adjusted values of 0.923 and 0.933 for the ρs and ρb PTFs, respectively, and root‐mean‐square error of 0.020 g·cm−3 and 0.023 g·cm−3, respectively. Compared with MSR, the random forest algorithm has greater accuracy and eliminates the restriction of PTFs on predictors, which provides support for understanding the changing rules of ρs and ρb in granite residual soils in subtropical regions, evaluating soil quality and improving soil structure.
Genetic dissection of minerals and phytate content in pearl millet germplasm panel using genome‐wide association study
Authors: Singh Satbeer , Manwaring Hanna Rose , Naveen Aavula , Hegarty Matthew , Yadav Rattan S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBillions of people around the world suffer from malnutrition, leading to severe adverse health effects. Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is a multifaceted versatile crop with excellent nutritional profile which can help to combat nutritional disorders and climate change. In this study, we evaluated the global pearl millet germplasm panel known as PMiGAP for natural variation and genetic maker trait associations for important minerals, that is, iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium along with phytate. The genotypes IP‐15947, IP‐5121, IP‐4020, IP‐12768, IP‐5695, IP‐8786 and IP‐11310 were found to be superior for majority of minerals examined but had lower phytate‐to‐zinc ratio. Phytate/mineral molar ratios are typically used to predict the bioavailability of iron and calcium contents in grains, and surprisingly none of the PMiGAP genotypes showed such ratios below threshold indicating PMiGAP entries studied in this study seriously suffer from bioavailability issues of these minerals. On the other hand, 73 genotypes had lower zinc/phytate ratio than the threshold in the germplasm panel. Iron and zinc content had significant positive association among them but phytate content in general was not significantly correlated with minerals except for magnesium and potassium. A genome‐wide association study using 456 K SNPs identified 74 significant marker–trait associations and 59 candidate genes around 50 Kb distance near the significant SNPs. Ten significant SNPs were found within the candidate genes. The associated markers and the candidate genes provide new insights into the genetic architecture of the mineral traits studied and will facilitate marker‐assisted selection to accelerate breeding of such minerals in future varieties to combat rising malnutrition problem via diet.
A Perennial Green Revolution to address 21st‐century food insecurity and malnutrition
Authors: Paul Jacob D. , Lutsiv Tymofiy , Thompson Henry J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFarming practices of the past century have dramatically increased annual crop yields to unprecedented levels but have consequentially created increasing ecological and public health concerns, posing a long‐term threat to global food security. Soil tillage and chemical inputs perpetuate soil erosion, biodiversity loss, wetlands eutrophication, carbon emissions, and other farming stressors. Concomitantly, accompanying poor dietary patterns and malnutrition increase the risk for chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cancer, which account for greater than 70% of global mortality per annum. Altogether, such annual monocropping systems exacerbate food insecurity, necessitating action across the fields of public health, agriculture, nutrition, medicine, and environmental ecology, that is, a transdisciplinary approach. Herein, we argue that the perennialization of crops creates an opportunity to address the challenges of environmental sustainability and nutritional adequacy economically. Unlike annuals, perennial crops have deeper roots for increased drought tolerance and reduced needs for fertilization and irrigation. Adopting perenniality can result in greater drought tolerance and improved soil health while reducing erosion, farming labor, and seed purchasing. Furthermore, perennializing novel staple crops may offer a superior and diverse dietary profile of phytochemicals, fiber, and macronutrients compared to conventional annuals. Instead of traditional perennial tree crops, we focus on intermediate wheatgrass Kernza® (Thinopyrum intermedium) and sunflowers (Helianthus tuberosus, H. maximiliani, and Silphium integrifolium) as exemplars of perennial staple food crops for grain and oil, respectively, at different stages of perennial crop commercialization. Ultimately, we discuss how integrating perenniality has the potential to revolutionize global agriculture and address food security concerns for the remainder of the 21st century.
Anti‐dyslipidemic effects of Pueraria lobata root and Glycine max (L.) Merrill extracts fermented with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in ovariectomized mice
Authors: Jang Hyo‐Min , Ha Jimyeong , Choi Insuk 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPueraria lobata root and Glycine max (L.) Merrill are rich in phytoestrogens. However, these bioactive ingredients have limited bioavailability due to their high molecular weight. In this study, we extracted two natural products and fermented with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum before mixing the fermented extracts (FPE‐FGE). To understand whether FPE‐FGE could alleviate menopause with dyslipidemia, we examined their effects on ovariectomy (OVX)‐induced dyslipidemia in mice. Oral administration of the FPE‐FGE (1:9, 3:7, and 9:1) did not affect safety‐related biomarkers, such as uterus index (%), vagina index (%), aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine. Furthermore, FPE‐FGE (1:9, 3:7, and 9:1) increased the levels of 17β‐estradiol (E2) and expression of uterus estrogen receptor β (ERβ); there was little effect on the expression of uterus estrogen receptor α (ERα), and reduced the levels of gonadotropins, such as luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH). However, only the FPE‐FGE (3:7) reduced the levels of blood lipids, including total cholesterol (TC) and LDL‐cholesterol (LDL‐C). Accordingly, FPE‐FGE (3:7) upregulated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), nitric oxide (NO), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), and protein kinase G (PKG). In conclusion, FPE‐FGE (3:7) attenuated the menopausal dyslipidemia by upregulating eNOS‐NO‐cGMP signaling pathway.
Fault‐tolerant quantum chemical calculations with improved machine‐learning models
Authors: Yuan Kai , Zhou Shuai , Li Ning , Li Tianyan , Ding Bowen , Guo Danhuai , Ma Yingjin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEasy and effective usage of computational resources is crucial for scientific calculations. Following our recent work of machine‐learning (ML) assisted scheduling optimization [J. Comput. Chem.2023, 44, 1174], we further propose (1) the improved ML models for the better predictions of computational loads, and as such, more elaborate load‐balancing calculations can be expected; (2) the idea of coded computation, that is, the integration of gradient coding, in order to introduce fault tolerance during the distributed calculations; and (3) their applications together with re‐normalized exciton model with time‐dependent density functional theory (REM‐TDDFT) for calculating the excited states. Illustrated benchmark calculations include P38 protein, and solvent model with one or several excitable centers. The results show that the improved ML‐assisted coded calculations can further improve the load‐balancing and cluster utilization, owing primarily profit in fault tolerance that aims at the automated quantum chemical calculations for both ground and excited states.