bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peripartum cardiomyopathy revisited: Current concepts
Authors: Muduli Subrat Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is an idiopathic cardiomyopathy condition characterised by LV systolic dysfunction with LVEF < 45% occurring during last months of pregnancy to early postpartum phase. After initial case description by Demakis et al understanding of PPCM pathophysiology, it’s genetic determinants and management approaches have undergone major changes. A vasculo-hormonal model has been proposed to explain the cardiomyocyte damage caused by modified maternal prolactin hormone. Though rapid recovery of LV function is common, in a minority of cases it can result in refractory heart failure and cardiogenic shock. Recently described ESC EORP PPCM recovery score is quite useful in predicting LV function recovery. Oral bromocriptine therapy is a disease modifying therapy for PPCM that improves LV function by suppressing prolactin levels. Its role is being tested in larger clinical trials. Recently proposed BOARD scheme advocates use of multimodal treatment to reduce cardiovascular outcomes in patients with severe LV dysfunction. Vaginal delivery and breast feeding are to be encouraged to improve feto-maternal outcomes. LV function recovery during index PPCM case is the single most important factor that determines recurrence and outcome of PPCM in subsequent pregnancies.
Cardiac amyloidosis in India: Experience from a single tertiary care center
Authors: Vivek B.S , Patel Rohan , Jain Ashish Kumar , Sawhney J.P.S. , Jain Rajneesh , Passey Rajiv , Mehta Ashwani 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

PURPOSE:
Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is perceived as a rare disease. Identifying certain red flag signs in patients helps in early diagnosis of CA. Epidemiology of CA in India is not well known. We performed this study to determine various demographic, clinical, and imaging parameters of patients diagnosed with CA in a tertiary care center in India.

METHODS:
We prospectively screened 48 patients between January 2021 and December 2023 with one or more red flags signs of CA. Their demographic, clinical, and imaging parameters were analyzed.

RESULTS:
Among 48 patients with one or more red flag signs, CA was diagnosed in 23 patients (47.91%). Seventeen patients were found to have AL CA and 6 had ATTR CA. The mean age of patients was 62.2 years with slight male preponderance (n = 13, 56.5%). All the patients presented with heart failure with the majority in New York Heart Association Class III (n = 11, 47.8%). The most common electrocardiogram abnormality was low-voltage QRS complexes in limb leads (56.5% of patients). Common echocardiographic abnormalities were left ventricular hypertrophy (100%), biatrial enlargement (100%), and reduced global longitudinal strain with relative apical sparing (cherry on top appearance) (74%). Tc99-PYP bone scintigraphy was done in 16 patients. It showed grade 2 uptake in all ATTR CA patients and 6 out of 11 in AL CA patients.Cardiovascular magnetic resonance was done in 5 AL CA patients. The most typical finding was diffuse subendocardial late gadolinium enhancement.

CONCLUSIONS:
There are significant lacunae in epidemiologic, diagnostic, and prognostic data of CA, especially in India. CA is not as uncommon, as it was perceived earlier. High index of suspicion with the use of novel echocardiographic parameters can identify patients who require further testing to confirm CA. Early diagnosis of CA helps in the early initiation of disease-modifying therapy which improves survival.
Detection of transcriptionally active high-risk human papillomavirus in patients with oesophageal carcinoma by real-time PCR
Authors: Kotian Shravya , Ramesh Pushkal S. , Shetty Jayaprakash , Laxminarayana Kishan Prasad Hosapatna , Shetty Veena , Devegowda Devanand 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Oesophageal malignancies (OC) are the sixth most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Traditional risk factors for OC include smoking, alcohol consumption, and poorly controlled acid reflux; however, the trends in the last decade have pointed out the potential carcinogenic roles of infectious agents, especially Human Papillomavirus (HPV), in the development of OC. The prevalence of HPV infection in OC varies greatly worldwide, mainly due to the inconsistencies of the detection assays employed. This study attempted to establish the association between high-risk HPV and oesophageal malignancies by detecting the transcriptionally active HPV mRNA.

Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 30 malignant oesophageal samples were subjected to real-time PCR to detect high-risk HPV-16 and 18 by targeting transcriptionally active E6/E7 genes. The positive samples were further subjected to viral load assessment.

Results:
Histopathological analysis of the patients showed that a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was seen in 56.2% of the cases. Of the 30 samples, 4 (13.3%) showed positive for HPV-16 E6/E7, and none showed positive for HPV-18 E6/E7. The viral load of HPV-16 E6/E7 in the positive samples was lesser than the copies present in the well-established cell line, SiHa.

Conclusion:
The role of HPV in the etiopathogenesis of oesophageal malignancies is unclear. Based on this study and the supporting data presented, it can be said that the association of high-risk HPV infection in oesophageal cancers does exist, but whether it is clinically and etiologically significant is the question that needs to be answered. Multicenter studies from different geographical locations, employing multiple molecular methods with a larger sample size, could aid in a better understanding of the etiopathogenesis of HPV in OC.
Can physical parameters from radiation simulation scan with deep inspiratory breath hold predict magnitude of heart dose reduction?
Authors: Kannan Venkatesan , Deshpande Sudesh , Anand Vivek , Naidu Suresh , Chauhan Kamalnayan , Chougle Nazneen , Hinduja Ritika Harjani 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Deep inspiratory breath hold is one of the techniques for reducing the heart doses for left breast cancers. This study was conducted to confirm use of physical parameters from DIBH simulation CT scan like DIBH amplitude alongside several novel parameters to predict the heart dose reduction.

Materials and Methods:
Segmentation and planning of radiation to the left breast on the free breathing (FB) and DIBH simulation scan was performed for 50 left-sided breast cancer patients treated with DIBH technique. Physical parameters, namely DIBH amplitude, anterior sternal displacement, diaphragmatic excursion, ratio of lung volume (cc) in DIBH scan to lung volume in FB scan (cc), and delta heart volume in field (DHVIF), were extracted and were compared with magnitude of heart dose reduction (mean heart dose, V30Gy, and D5%).

Results:
Forty-eight (96%) patients achieved reduction in the mean heart dose with DIBH technique, while all patients had reduction in V30Gy. The median reduction was 41%, 89.7%, and 63% in the mean dose, V30Gy, and D5%, respectively. While DIBH did not correlate with heart dose reduction, ratio of lung volumes and DHVIF showed a strong positive correlation with heart dose reduction (P < 0.05). Sternal displacement correlated weakly with heart dose reduction but strongly with DHVIF, demonstrating to be an indirect predictor.

Conclusions:
Physical parameters like anterior sternal displacement, ratio of lung volumes of DIBH to FB, and possibly diaphragmatic movement can predict the dose reduction before the dose calculations by the physicist. These parameters can be used to construct a model to predict heart dose reduction.
Expression of Regulatory T Cell and Related Interleukins in Gingivitis Versus Stage 3, Grade B Generalized Periodontitis: Synergy or Cacophony—A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kamel Asem M. , Badr Bahaa M. , Ali Abdullah I. , El-dydamoni Omnia A. , Gaber Ahmed H. , El-Hagrasy Hanan A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aim:
To raise “personalized periodontal diagnosis and prognosis” knowledge, Tregs, pro/anti-inflammatory interleukins (ILs) beside vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) in serum and gingival cervical exudate of periodontally healthy individuals, plaque-induced gingivitis, and stage 3, grade B periodontitis patients were evaluated.

Materials and Methods:
An observational trial of different periodontal statuses according to 2018 periodontal classification was established from 60 subjects segregated into three equivalent groups (control periodontally healthy, gingivitis, and stage 3, grade B periodontitis). Peripheral blood and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were collected, to get GCF samples, inserted paper point in the pocket of the patient's teeth then the samples were placed with phosphate-buffered saline in Eppendorf. The peripheral blood was collected in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-coated vacutainer tubes. Frequency of CD4+ CD25+High Tregs was detected using flow cytometry. Cytokines were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Mann–Whitney U test analysis was manipulated to distinguish the statistical discrepancies. Pearson’s correlation coefficient test was utilized to tie in the studied parameters.

Result:
Frequency of CD4+ CD25+High T cells were significantly ascendant in periodontitis than gingivitis and healthy (P ≤ 0.01; P = 0.04) and significantly superior in gingivitis than healthy (P = 0.01). There was no interdependence between systemic IL-21, IL-33, IL-22, IL-35, and the periodontal conditions except systemic VDBP, which significantly increased with the progression of the periodontal tissue inflammation. GCF compartments of IL-21, IL-33, and VDBP significantly increased with progression inflammation and GCF compartments of IL-22 and IL-35 significantly decreased with periodontal breakdown.

Conclusion:
Local increase of Treg is positively associated with increased local pro-inflammatory cytokines. This increment is more aggravated in periodontitis. Therefore, Tregs may have synergistic effects with periodontal disease progression.
Determining the Effect of Different Ferrule Designs on Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Mandibular Premolars Restored with Fiber Posts: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Pidaparthi Aditya , Dhanak Nupur , Disodia Nitika , Vala Keyur , Kanodia Shikha 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aim:
This study aims to evaluate the effect of different crown ferrule designs on fracture resistance of endodontically treated mandibular premolars restored with glass fiber post, composite core, and metal crown.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 150 mandibular premolar teeth underwent endodontic treatment, and based on ferrule design, the teeth were divided into five groups (n = 30 each). Group 1—2 mm circumferential ferrule; group 2—2 mm buccal + lingual ferrule; Group 3—2 mm buccal ferrule; group 4—2 mm lingual ferrule; and group 5—no ferrule. Each tooth was restored using a glass fiber post, composite core, and metal crown, and then loaded at 160° on the lingual slope of the buccal cusp in a universal testing machine until fracture. Fracture values were recorded in Newtons. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test, and post hoc analysis was conducted with the Mann–Whitney U test (P = 0.05).

Results:
The highest load to fracture was seen in group 1 (1027.35 ± 164.68 N), followed by group 2 (922.42 ± 49.14 N), group 3 (916.06 ± 64.79 N), group 4 (888.91 ± 47.36 N), and group 5 (801.55 ± 52.45 N), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in fracture resistance among different groups.

Conclusions:
While a tooth with an incomplete ferrule was less resistant to fracture than one with a complete ferrule, it was still more resistant to fracture than one with no ferrule. Thus, increasing the number of ferrule walls improves the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth.
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficiency, Shear Bond Strength, and Adhesive Remnant Index of TiO2 Infiltrated Orthodontic Adhesive - An In Vitro Study
Authors: Harsha L. , Subramanian Aravind Kumar , Pugalmani S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:
Enamel demineralization is an unavoidable adverse effect encountered with bonding brackets in orthodontic therapy. Introducing nanoparticles into the composite adhesive paste can prevent enamel demineralization. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is known to exhibit direct antimicrobial efficiency. This study aimed to assess the antibacterial efficiency and shear bond strength (SBS) of an orthodontic bonding composite infiltrated with TiO2 nanoparticles.

Materials and Methods:
This in vitro study evaluated the efficiency of TiO2 nanoparticle–incorporated light-curing orthodontic composite paste (ENLIGHT, ORMCO). Twenty extracted premolars were randomly and equally allocated to the two study groups, N = 10. While a conventional composite was utilized for the bonding brackets in Group I, a TiO2-incorporated composite was used in Group 2. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores given by Artun and Bergland et al. and SBS were determined. Furthermore, the antimicrobial efficiency was estimated using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)/minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and agar well diffusion assay for six composite disc specimens. The results were statistically analyzed using the chi-square test and Student’s t test, at P < 0.05.

Results:
After 24 h of curing, no statistical mean difference was observed between the two groups in terms of ARI or SBS scores (P > 0.05). However, there was a significant increase in the antimicrobial efficiency of Group II when compared with Group I (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
TiO2 nanoparticle–incorporated orthodontic composites improve the antimicrobial efficiency with no significant change in the SBS. The ARI scores indicate the presence of 50% remnant orthodontic composite on the tooth enamel surface post debonding.
Indian Dental Malpractice Claims and Lawsuits: A Medico-Legal Analysis
Authors: Vadde Sunil Venkata Naga , Reddy Madhusudan , Jois Harshavardhan , Koneru Mrunalini , Vedati Prathima 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and Aim:The law of the land assumes that a dentist will always use credible skill, care, and caution in the care of patients. Failing to do something that one is supposed to do (act of omission) or doing something that one is not supposed to do (act of commission) falls under the purview of medical jurisprudence. Each patient is legally entitled to get quality medical care from a physician; failure to such trust is an actionable offense and grievances can be challenged in consumer redressal forums. This analytical study was aimed to study the reasons for dental negligence cases that sought judicial assistance in consumer courts in terms of monetary benefits and also to study the delay in settlements.Materials and Methods:Archival data of final court-pronounced judgment cases on dental negligence between 2018 and 2022 (i.e., 5 years) were gathered from customer forum websites (https://confonet.nic.in, http://indiankanoon.org/doc, and www.casemine.com). A total of 56 proven dental allegation cases were retrieved. In each verdict case, the allegation against dentist by the plaintiff was recorded, and the response to the complaint by the defendant was studied and analyzed. The year of filing the case and date of judgment, basis of compensation awarded, delay in judgment and role of expert evidence appointed by the court assessed.Results:Misdemeanor by serious negligence: 3, slight negligence: 8, negligent injuries: 35, felony of injuries by serious negligence: 10.Conclusion:Because dentistry involves making decisions in unclear scenarios that affect patient care, there is an inherent danger of malpractice litigation. Awareness of medico-legal issues and professional indemnity insurance coverage for the dentist to safeguard himself from negligence, continuous medico-legal training and documentation of records, and adherence to clinical standards for procedures should be emphasized as prior motives to enhance the standard of care, and a basic awareness of how Indian courts resolve disputes would help dentists plan their professional indemnity insurance and operate their profession properly.
Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal Hypoperistalsis Syndrome: Four Consecutive Pregnancies with Megacystis
Authors: Saraiva Susana , Solinho M. , Lourenço C. , Brito C. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome is a rare congenital disease with a poor prognosis and life expectancy. We present the prenatal diagnosis of four consecutive cases in the same woman. After medical genetics consultation, the couple was advised to resort to medically assisted reproduction techniques with oocyte donation. This case report demonstrates the recurrence of a rare disease in four consecutive pregnancies and how prenatal diagnosis assumed a preponderant role in parental counseling.
Ultrasound Assessment of Facial and Neck Aging: A Noninvasive Approach to a Minimally Invasive Treatment
Authors: Nasreddine Hassan , Tlaiss Yehya , Hassan Firas , Ibrahim Reina 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This technical note explores the diagnostic potential of ultrasound in assessing age-related changes in the soft tissues of the lower face and neck, with a primary focus on identifying causes of contour deformities and guiding minimally invasive rejuvenation procedures. Seventeen clinical patients with various age-related soft-tissue changes were subjected to ultrasound assessments, targeting issues such as soft-tissue sagging, supra- and subplatysmal adipose tissue excess, platysma thickness, and localization of ptotic platysma strands. The ultrasound examinations successfully identified specific anatomical features contributing to age-related soft-tissue changes in all 17 patients. This information guided tailored treatment plans, resulting in remarkable esthetic improvements in each case. The discussion emphasizes ultrasound’s invaluable role as a diagnostic tool for precisely identifying soft-tissue alterations in the lower face and neck. The noninvasive nature and high spatial resolution of ultrasound make it particularly effective for this purpose. The corrective methods guided by ultrasound findings proved to be minimally invasive and yielded successful outcomes in all cases, promoting high levels of patient satisfaction. The study highlights the underutilization of ultrasound’s diagnostic potential in clinical practice and highlights the importance of its incorporation into routine assessments. Ultrasound emerges as a cost-effective, noninvasive, and accessible means of accurately diagnosing age-related soft-tissue changes, empowering clinicians to tailor rejuvenation procedures to each patient’s unique needs. The hope is that by emphasizing its utility, this study encourages the broader adoption of ultrasound in clinical practice.
Comparative evaluation of Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway (ILMA), I-gel and Ambu AuraGain for blind tracheal intubation in adults
Authors: Sarma Riniki , Kumar Rakesh , Kumar Neera Gupta , Agarwal Munisha , Bhardwaj Manoj , Ansari Saud Ahmed , Deepak G. P 
Published: August 2024

Background and Aims:
The supraglottic airway devices (SADs) that allow direct (without an intermediary device like Aintree or airway exchange catheters) tracheal intubation can be invaluable for field use in conditions ideally managed by intubation. Whilst fiberscope-guided intubation is the method of choice, if these ‘direct-intubation’ SADs could provide high success rates for blind tracheal intubation, their scope of use can increase tremendously. Our study assesses intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA), i-gel and Ambu AuraGain for blind tracheal intubation in adults.

Material and Methods:
Ninety adults undergoing elective surgery were randomized into three equal groups. After induction of anesthesia, the group-specific SAD was inserted and on achieving adequate ventilation, blind tracheal intubation was attempted over two attempts. Success rates and time of achieving adequate device placement and tracheal intubation through these were evaluated. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17.0 and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
All three devices could achieve adequate ventilation within two allowed attempts. Successful tracheal intubation rates were significantly better with ILMA than i-gel on first attempt (87% vs. 27%, P < 0.001) and after second attempt that was supplemented with optimization maneuvers (100% vs. 40%, P < 0.001). No patient could be intubated through Ambu AuraGain within two attempts. Time taken for successful tracheal intubation did not differ significantly (P = 0.205) with ILMA or i-gel.

Conclusion:
Out of ILMA, I-gel and Ambu AuraGain, ILMA is the best device for blind tracheal intubation in adults with normal airways.
Three-chromatic geometric hypergraphs
Authors: Damásdi Gábor , Pálvölgyi Dömötör 
Published: August 2024

We prove that for any planar convex body

C

there is a positive integer

m

with the property that any finite point set

P

in the plane can be three-colored in such a way that no translate of

C

contains

m

points of

P

(or more), all of the same color. As a part of the proof, we show a strengthening of the Erdős–Sands–Sauer–Woodrow conjecture. Surprisingly, the proof also relies on the two-dimensional case of the Illumination Conjecture. The extended abstract of this paper already appeared in the proceedings of SoCG ’22.
ANALISIS PENALARAN STATISTIS SISWA SMA DENGAN GAYA BELAJAR VISUAL, AUDITORIAL, DAN KINESTETIK DALAM MEMECAHKAN MASALAH KONTEKSTUAL
Authors: Tsaniyah Rohmatus , Ekawati Rooselyna , Sofro A’yunin 
Published: August 2024

More and more problems cannot be solved without collecting and processing data. Therefore, a data processing science called statistics is needed. There are several statistical abilities that an individual needs to have in order to help an individual in solving problems, one of which is statistical reasoning. A person's statistical reasoning can be seen from how a person solves problems. One of the things within a person that can influence the way a person solves problems is learning style. From these several things, it is suspected that there is a connection between learning style and a person's statistical reasoning. Therefore, researchers developed this research with the aim of finding out whether there is a relationship between learning styles and statistical reasoning. This research uses mixed methods, a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative method used was the One-Way Anova test and the result was that Fratio < Critical F. So all visual, auditory and kinesthetic learning styles have the same influence on statistical reasoning. Meanwhile, the qualitative method also supports previous results that the statistical reasoning profiles of students with visual, auditory and kinesthetic learning styles are almost the same