bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Зарождение государственного среднего женского образования в Российской империи и Венгрии
Authors: Szaniszló Orsolya 
Published: May 2015

During the time of enlightened absolutism, the development of education became a state duty. The philosophers of the Enlightenment began to deal with the question of the education of elite women and that played an important role in the nation-building process. Educational reforms initiated by Catherine the Great and Maria Theresa established state educational systems in Russia and in Hungary. The first state-financed higher education institute for women in Europe was opened in Russia. Similar schools in Hungary only appeared a century later. This article compares Russian and Hungarian boarding-schools for noble maidens, focusing on the beginning of these elite institutes and the secondary-level education ensured by them. This essay is dedicated to the memory of L.N. Semenova.
Formulas for Parcel Velocity and Vorticity in a Rotating Cartesian Coordinate System
Authors: Davies-Jones Robert 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Formulas in an Eulerian framework are presented for the absolute velocity and vorticity of individual parcels in inviscid isentropic flow. The analysis is performed in a rectangular Cartesian rotating coordinate system. The dependent variables are the Lagrangian coordinates, initial velocities, cumulative temperature, entropy, and a potential. The formulas are obtained in two different ways. The first method is based on finding a matrix integrating factor for the Euler equations of motion and a propagator for the vector vorticity equation. The second method is a variational one. Hamilton’s principle of least action is used to minimize the fluid’s absolute kinetic energy minus its internal energy and potential energy subject to the Lin constraints and constraints of mass and entropy conservation. In the first method, the friction and diabatic heating terms in the governing equations are carried along in integrands so that the generalized formulas lead to Eckart’s circulation theorem. Using them to derive other circulation theorems, the helicity-conservation theorem, and Cauchy’s formula for the barotropic vorticity checks the formulas further.
The formulas are suitable for generating diagnostic fields of barotropic and baroclinic vorticity in models if some simple auxiliary equations are added to the model and integrated stably forward in time alongside the model equations.
Comparison and Combination of Regional and Global Ensemble Prediction Systems for Probabilistic Predictions of Hub-Height Wind Speed
Authors: Junk Constantin , Späth Stephan , von Bremen Lueder , Delle Monache Luca 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to compare probabilistic 100-m wind speed forecasts, which are relevant for wind energy applications, from different regional and global ensemble prediction systems (EPSs) at six measurement towers in central Europe and to evaluate the benefits of combining single-model ensembles into multimodel ensembles. The global 51-member EPS from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF EPS) is compared against the Consortium for Small-Scale Modelling’s (COSMO) limited-area 16-member EPS (COSMO-LEPS) and a regional, high-resolution 20-member EPS centered over Germany (COSMO-DE EPS). The ensemble forecasts are calibrated with univariate (wind speed) ensemble model output statistics (EMOS) and bivariate (wind vector) recursive and adaptive calibration (AUV). The multimodel ensembles are constructed by pooling together raw or best-calibrated ensemble forecasts. An additional postprocessing of these multimodel ensembles with both EMOS and AUV is also tested. The best-performing calibration methodology for ECMWF EPS is AUV, while EMOS performs better than AUV for the calibration of COSMO-DE EPS. COSMO-LEPS has similar skill when calibrated with both EMOS and AUV. The AUV ECMWF EPS outperforms the EMOS COSMO-LEPS and COSMO-DE EPS for deterministic and probabilistic wind speed forecast skill. For most thresholds, ECMWF EPS has a comparable reliability and sharpness but higher discrimination ability. Multimodel ensembles, which are constructed by pooling together the best-calibrated EPSs, improve the skill relative to the AUV ECMWF EPS. An analysis of the error correlation among the EPSs indicates that multimodel ensemble skill can be considerably higher when the error correlation is low.
A More Visible Presence: Agenda for Christian Teachers
Authors: Hill Brian V. 
Published: May 2015

As a prolific commentator and writer, and former editor of the Journal of Christian Education, Prof. Brian Hill, B.A., B.Ed. (West Aust.), M.A. (Sydney), Ph.D. (Illinois), F.A.C. E., has made a substantial contribution to Christian perspectives on education. In the selection process for articles for this issue, the comment “it must have something of Brian's!” was echoed, but the next question was “which one of the almost 40 substantive articles of his which have appeared in this journal since 1960 (vol. 3)?”! This article has been selected because of a concern which this journal has consistently championed throughout its 42 year history: the importance and challenges of the Christian presence in formal, secular teaching contexts. In addition, many of the issues raised also apply to Christians teaching in non-state (or independent) schools. The article, published in July 1982 (Papers 74, pp. 21–31), is based on a public address delivered at a meeting of the Australian Teachers' Christian Fellowship in Sydney in June 1981. By request when it was published, it retains the first person form of address. Brian Hill was the founding Professor of Education at Murdoch University in Perth, Western Australia, a position he retires from at the end of this year. Although he moves soon into formal retirement, we look forward to continuing to be recipients of his rich Christian educational insights.
Blood Pressure after Surgery among Obese and Nonobese Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Kuo Yen‐Lin , Kang Kun‐Tai , Chiu Shuenn‐Nan , Weng Wen‐Chin , Lee Pei‐Lin , Hsu Wei‐Chung 
Published: May 2015

ObjectivesTreating obstructive sleep apnea in children is found to be associated with blood pressure decreases. However, exactly how adenotonsillectomy (T&A) affects blood pressure in obese and nonobese children remains unclear. This study assesses how obesity affects blood pressure in children with sleep apnea after T&A.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingA tertiary referral center.Subjects and MethodsFrom 2010 to 2012, a total of 78 children were included. Based on propensity score methods (age, sex, and preoperative apnea‐hypopnea index matched), children were assigned to either the obese group (n = 39) or the nonobese group (n = 39). All children received adenotonsillectomy. We recorded clinical symptoms, preoperative overnight polysomnography (PSG), and subsequent PSG within 3 months after T&A. We measured blood pressure 3 times before PSG (nocturnal blood pressure) and after PSG (morning blood pressure) in a sleep laboratory.ResultsFollowing surgery, the nonobese group had a significantly decreased nocturnal diastolic blood pressure (DBP) index (–12.0 to −18.8, P =. 018), morning systolic blood pressure (SBP; 111.1 to 105.8 mm Hg, P =. 014), SBP index (–5.4 to −10.9, P =. 008), and DBP (–12.0 to −18.7, P =. 023). Nevertheless, all blood pressure parameters in the obese group were not significantly changed postoperatively. The nonobese group improved more than obese group in nocturnal and morning DBP and DBP index by 2‐way analysis of variance.ConclusionAmong the children receiving T&A as treatment for OSA, nonobese children improved more than obese children did in terms of blood pressure, allowing us to infer that obese children with OSA may benefit less from T&A in cardiovascular morbidities.
Laryngectomy Complications Are Associated with Perioperative Antibiotic Choice
Authors: Langerman Alexander , Ham Sandra A. , Pisano Jennifer , Pariser Joseph , Hohmann Samuel F. , Meltzer David O. 
Published: May 2015

ObjectiveTo assess hospital‐ and physician‐level variation in pattern of perioperative antibiotic use for laryngectomy and the relationship between pattern of antibiotic use and surgical site infection (SSI), wound dehiscence, and antibiotic‐induced complications.Study DesignRetrospective analysis of University HealthSystem Consortium data.SettingAcademic medical centers and affiliated hospitals.Subjects and MethodsElective admissions for laryngectomy from 2008 to 2011 and associated 30‐day readmissions were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression models.ResultsThere were 439 unique antibiotic regimens (agents and duration) identified over the first 4 days of the 1865 admissions included in this study. Ampicillin/sulbactam, cefazolin + metronidazole, and clindamycin were the most common agents given on the day of surgery. Clindamycin was independently associated with higher odds of SSI (odds ratio [OR] = 3.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.31‐6.49]), wound dehiscence (OR = 3.42, 95% CI = 2.07‐5.64), and antibiotic‐induced complications (OR = 3.01, 95% CI = 1.59‐5.67) when given alone; it was also associated with higher odds of SSI (OR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.43‐5.05) and antibiotic‐induced complications (OR = 2.20, 95% CI = 1.04‐4.64) when given with other agents. These effects were stronger in a subsample of high‐volume physicians and hospitals.ConclusionThere is substantial variability in perioperative antibiotic strategies for laryngectomy. Clindamycin was associated with much higher odds of short‐term complications as compared to other common regimens. Based on these data, clinical trials should be planned to firmly establish the most effective and cost‐effective antibiotic management for laryngectomy and determine potential alternatives to clindamycin for penicillin‐allergic patients.
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome in the context of recent cerebral venous thrombosis: Report of a case
Authors: Bourvis Nadège , Franc Julie , Szatmary Zoltan , Chabriat Hugues , Crassard Isabelle , Ducros Anne 
Published: May 2015

Introduction Reversible cerebral constriction syndrome and cerebral venous thrombosis are two rare conditions. Reversible cerebral constriction syndrome affects the cerebral arteries and the pathology is still largely unknown. To date, no physiological link with cerebral venous thrombosis has been reported. Case results We report here the case of a 24-year-old woman who presented a reversible cerebral constriction syndrome in the setting of a cerebral venous thrombosis. Cerebral venous thrombosis had developed in her left lateral venous sinus, within the stent placed one year before, in order to treat an idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Discussion The co-occurrence of cerebral venous thrombosis and reversible cerebral constriction syndrome in the same patient raises the issue of a potential link between them. We discuss the potential common trigger factors in this case: recent hormonal therapy; intracranial hypotension iatrogenically induced by lumbar puncture.
Treatment and prognosis of subdural hematoma in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension
Authors: Chen Ying-Chu , Wang Yen-Feng , Li Jie-Yuan , Chen Shih-Pin , Lirng Jiing-Feng , Hseu Shu-Shya , Tung Hsin , Chen Po-Lin , Wang Shuu-Jiun , Fuh Jong-Ling 
Published: May 2015

Objective The objective of this article is to elucidate the outcome, prognostic predictors and timing of surgical intervention for subdural hematoma (SDH) in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). Methods Patients with SDH were identified retrospectively from 227 consecutive SIH patients. Data were collected on demographics, clinical courses, neuroimaging findings, and treatment of SDH, which was later divided into conservative treatment, epidural blood patches (EBP), and surgical intervention. Poor outcome was defined as severe neurological sequelae or death. Results Forty-five patients (20%) with SDH (mean maximal thickness 11.9 ± 6.2 mm) were recruited. All 15 patients with SDH <10 mm achieved good outcomes by either conservative treatment or EBP. Of 30 patients with SDH ≥10 mm, patients with uncal herniation ( n = 3) had poor outcomes, even after emergent surgical evacuation ( n = 2), compared to those without ( n = 27) (100% vs. 0%, p < 0.001). Fourteen patients underwent surgical evacuation, resulting in good outcomes in all 12 who received early intervention and poor outcomes in the remaining two who received delayed intervention after Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score ≤8 (100% vs. 0%, p = 0.01). Conclusions Uncal herniation results in poor outcomes in patients with SIH complicated with SDH. In individuals with SDH ≥10 mm and decreased GCS scores, early surgical evacuation might prevent uncal herniation.
Does Early Versus Delayed Active Range of Motion Affect Rotator Cuff Healing After Surgical Repair?
Authors: Kluczynski Melissa A. , Isenburg Maureen M. , Marzo John M. , Bisson Leslie J. 
Published: May 2015

Background: The timing of passive range of motion (ROM) after surgical repair of the rotator cuff (RC) has been shown to affect healing. However, it is unknown if early or delayed active ROM affects healing. Purpose: To determine whether early versus delayed active ROM affects structural results of RC repair surgery. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A systematic review of articles published between January 2004 and April 2014 was conducted. Structural results were compared for early (<6 weeks after surgery) versus delayed (≥6 weeks after surgery) active ROM using chi-square and Fisher exact tests, as well as relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs. The analyses were stratified by tear size and repair method. Results: A total of 37 studies (2251 repairs) were included in the analysis, with 10 (649 repairs) in the early group and 27 (1602 repairs) in the delayed group. For tears ≤3 cm, the risk of a structural tendon defect was higher in the early versus delayed group for transosseous plus single-row suture anchor repairs (39.7% vs 24.3%; RR, 1.63 [95% CI, 1.28-2.08]). For tears >3 cm, the risk of a structural tendon defect was higher in the early versus delayed group for suture bridge repairs (48% vs 17.5%; RR, 2.74 [95% CI, 1.59-4.73]) and all repair methods combined (40.5% vs 26.7%; RR, 1.52 [95% CI, 1.17-1.97]). For tears >5 cm, the risk of structural tendon defect was higher in the early versus delayed group for suture bridge repairs (100% vs 16.7%; RR, 6.00 [95% CI, 1.69-21.26]). There were no statistically significant associations for tears measuring ≤1, 1-3, or 3-5 cm. Conclusion: Early active ROM was associated with increased risk of a structural defect for small and large RC tears, and thus might not be advisable after RC repair.
Impact of Diabetes on Outcome of Total Ankle Replacement
Authors: Gross Christopher E. , Green Cynthia L. , DeOrio James K. , Easley Mark , Adams Samuel , Nunley James A. 
Published: May 2015

Background: As the incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) grows, managing patients with diabetes and concomitant ankle arthritis poses a challenging clinical dilemma. While diabetes is known to be a risk factor for complications relating to open reduction and internal fixation of ankle fractures, it is unclear if DM is a risk factor for negative outcomes after total ankle replacement (TAR). Methods: We retrospectively identified a consecutive series of 813 primary TARs performed between 2002 and November 2013 that had a minimum follow-up of 1 year. Within that larger group, we identified 50 patients with DM and used a control group without DM for comparison (n = 55). Clinical outcomes including wound issues, infection rates, complications, and failure rates were then compared. Functional outcomes, including American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society hindfoot score, Short Form–36 (SF-36), Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment, Foot and Ankle Disability Index, and visual analog scale, were also compared. Median patient follow-up was 2.3 years in the DM group and 3.1 years in the control group ( P = .239). Results: The body mass index, age, preoperative American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grading, and smoking history in the DM were significantly higher than in the control group. While 5 patients (10%) in the DM group had secondary operations related to the TAR, no patients had a superficial or deep infection. Eight patients (14.5%) in the control group had secondary operations, including 1 patient who needed a flap. There was no statistical differences in secondary operations ( P = .562), revisions ( P = .604), or failure rates ( P = .345). For both the diabetes and control groups, all functional outcome scores except SF-36 General Health significantly improved at 1 year postoperatively; these improvements were maintained at most recent follow-up. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding functional outcomes except that at 1 year, the magnitude of improvement in SF-36 General Heath was significantly better in the control group. Conclusions: Total ankle arthroplasty appears to be an effective and safe means for providing pain relief and improving function in patients with diabetes and ankle arthritis. While patients with DM were heavier and had worse ASA preoperative grades, they did not have a significantly different complication or infection rate. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative study.
Highly pathogenic beta-hemolytic streptococcal infections in cats from an institutionalized hoarding facility and a multi-species comparison
Authors: Morrow Becky L , McNatt Rachel , Joyce Lindsay , McBride Shelley , Morgan Daniel , Tressler Chelsey , Mellits Cara 
Published: May 2015

Objectives Two hundred and thirty-four cats removed from an institutionalized hoarding facility (IHF) demonstrated severe, atypical pyogenic infections. The objective of this study was to document the various syndromes and determine the etiology of the infections. Methods All cats were evaluated initially after removal from the IHF and on a daily basis for at least 15 months. Samples were collected and sent for culture/susceptibility and histopathology to commercial laboratories or stored at −20oC. PCR was performed using universal bacterial primers to amplify the 16S–23S rRNA intergenic spacer region. PCR products were sequenced to determine the identity of the bacteria. Results Multiple pyogenic syndromes were documented, including abscesses of the paws and carpal/tarsal regions in 82 cats, acute rhinitis with profuse purulent nasal discharge in 68 cats and cervical lymphadenitis with abscessation unassociated with any wounding in 51 cats. Many cats exhibited septic arthritis with total joint destruction, necrotizing fasciitis, meningitis, otitis and septic shock, often leading to death. These infections appeared to be caused by beta-hemolytic streptococci (BHS) based on initial culture results (n = 10), though speciation was unclear and some samples (n = 6) produced no growth. Based on PCR results (n = 26), Streptococcus canis was the only bacterial species or the dominant species identified in each sample, and was the only species present in all the regions associated with the pyogenic infections. Conclusions and relevance Horizontal gene transfer and loss of the cell wall may account for the discrepancy between the culture and PCR results and the highly pathogenic nature of S canis in this particular population of cats. A large-scale hoarding situation with multiple animal species, overcrowding, stress and mixing of animals from many geographical regions created ideal conditions for these events to occur. The specific virulence factors present may be more useful in predicting the pathophysiology of BHS infections than the species of Streptococcus found in the host per se.
Non-invasive evaluation of the haemodynamic effects of high-dose medetomidine in healthy cats for semen collection
Authors: Romagnoli Noemi , Zambelli Daniele , Cunto Marco , Lambertini Carlotta , Ventrella Domenico , Baron Toaldo Marco 
Published: May 2015

Objectives This study aimed to assess non-invasively the cardiovascular effects of high-dose medetomidine on healthy male cats undergoing semen collection. Methods Haemodynamic evaluations were assessed on the basis of clinical examination, systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and transthoracic echocardiographic examination. Eight client owned, male domestic shorthair cats were sedated with a bolus of medetomidine intramuscularly (IM; 0.13 mg/kg), and semen collection was performed. A second transthoracic echocardiographic examination and SAP measurement were carried out 15 mins after sedation. At the end of the examination, the patients received a bolus of atipamezole (0.3 mg/kg) IM. Results The cats were deeply sedated, relaxed and laterally recumbent during the entire procedure. No rhythm abnormalities were observed during the examinations and no significant increase in SAP was recorded. Heart rate dropped from 200 ± 33 to 92 ± 13.1 beats per min after sedation. There was a significant increase in left ventricular dimensions and the left atrial area. The parameters of left ventricular systolic function were reduced, as were systemic and pulmonary cardiac outputs. Peak diastolic wave velocities were significantly reduced, while isovolumic contraction and relaxation time of the left ventricle were prolonged. Aortic valve insufficiency was recorded for all cats, while mitral valve insufficiency was noted in five cats. None of the subjects developed systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve. Conclusions and relevance The protocol allowed us to collect good semen samples in healthy cats. However, high-dose medetomidine induces significant haemodynamic effects on the feline heart, mainly due to a reduced heart rate, an increased cardiac preload and impaired systolic function. The animals recovered from the anaesthesia, after antagonist administration, without showing any clinically relevant consequences.
Treatment of Popliteal (Baker) Cysts With Ultrasound-Guided Aspiration, Fenestration, and Injection
Authors: Smith Marvin K. , Lesniak Bryson , Baraga Michael G. , Kaplan Lee , Jose Jean 
Published: May 2015

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of ultrasound-guided aspiration, fenestration, and injection as a treatment in patients with symptomatic popliteal cysts. Hypothesis: Ultrasound-guided aspiration, fenestration, and injection (UGAFI) is an effective and safe treatment option for symptomatic popliteal cysts. Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Patients who received a UGAFI of popliteal cysts from 2008 to 2011 were identified. Preaspiration (PA) and follow-up Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores, cyst recurrence, complications, cyst complexity, and size were obtained and compared for statistical significance. UGAFI involved aspiration of fluid through a spinal needle, fenestration of the cyst walls and septations, and injection of 1 mL (40 mg) triamcinolone (Kenalog) and 2 mL 0.5% bupivacaine (Sensorcaine) into the decompressed remnant. Results: The mean PA WOMAC score (48.55) improved significantly at final follow-up (FFU) to 17.15 ( P < 0.0001) for 47 patients. Within the WOMAC subcategories, there was also a significant difference in pain (PA, 10.68; FFU, 3.94; P < 0.0001), stiffness (PA, 4.51; FFU, 1.77; P < 0.0001), and physical function (PA, 31.34; FFU, 12.17; P < 0.0001). There were 6 reaspirations for recurrence (12.7%), and 1 patient underwent unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. There were no infections or other complications. Conclusion: Significant clinical improvement in patients with symptomatic popliteal cysts can be achieved via UGAFI as the sole treatment. Clinical Relevance: UGAFI is a safe and effective option as the sole treatment modality for symptomatic popliteal cysts.