bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Septic Arthritis After Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Schuster Philipp , Schulz Martin , Immendoerfer Micha , Mayer Philipp , Schlumberger Michael , Richter Joerg 
Published: September 2015

Background: Septic arthritis after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a rare but severe complication. Treatment regimens differ, and optimal management has not been established. Purpose: To determine the incidence of postoperative infections after ACL reconstruction, to identify the microbiological spectrum, and to evaluate a standardized graft-retaining treatment protocol consisting of sequential arthroscopic irrigation and debridement (I&D) procedures and antibiotic therapy until C-reactive protein levels are within normal range. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: From January 2004 to June 2014, a total of 7096 consecutive arthroscopic ACL reconstructions were performed at a single institution (5907 primary and 1189 revision reconstructions). Thirty-six cases with postoperative septic arthritis were identified and retrospectively analyzed with regard to incidence, clinical presentation, time to and number of arthroscopic reoperations, and microbiological findings. The follow-up examination consisted of a clinical examination, instrumeted measurement of laxity (KT-1000 arthrometer), classification according to objective and subjective International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores, and radiological evaluation. Results: The incidence of septic arthritis was 0.51% (n = 36), with 0.41% (n = 24) in primary and 1.01% (n = 12) in revision reconstructions (odds ratio, 2.5; P = .008). The first I&D was performed a mean (±SD) of 19.6 ± 10.6 days after the index procedure. Eradication was achieved in all patients after a mean of 2.25 ± 1.22 procedures, with graft retention in all but 1 patient (97.2%). The mean duration of antibiotic treatment was 5.4 ± 2.3 weeks (range, 2.1-12.9 weeks) and ≤4 weeks in 13 patients (36%). No recurrence of infections was seen. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (62.5%) and Staphylococcus aureus (21.9%) were the most frequent pathogens. Twenty-nine patients were available for follow-up (80.6%) after a mean 4.7 ± 3.2 years (range, 0.7-11.2 years). Two patients suffered recurrent nontraumatic ACL insufficiency (6.9%), and all others (93.1%) had an intact graft, with a mean KT-1000 arthrometer side-to-side difference of 1.4 ± 0.9 mm. The mean subjective IKDC score was 80.4 ± 11.2. No emergence or deterioration of osteoarthritis related to infections was seen. Conclusion: Postoperative septic arthritis is rare but serious after arthroscopic ACL reconstruction. Graft retention and good to excellent clinical results can be obtained with an arthroscopic treatment protocol. The duration of antibiotic therapy should be based on the individual course.
Symptom Dimensions of Depression and 3-Year Incidence of Dementia
Authors: Lugtenburg Astrid , Zuidersma Marij , Voshaar Richard C. Oude , Schoevers Robert A. 
Published: September 2015

Objective: To evaluate the association between depressive symptom dimensions and incident dementia in a community sample of older persons. Methods: Depressive symptoms at baseline and incident dementia at 3-year follow-up were assessed with the Geriatric Mental State (GMS)–Automated Geriatric Examination for Computer Assisted Taxonomy in nondemented persons aged 65 years or older. Exploratory and confirmatory bifactor analysis on the depression items yielded a general depression factor characterized by all GMS items and a cognitive/motivational factor characterized by cognitive and motivational “depressive” symptoms and the absence of depressed mood. Results: Ninety-three of 1911 persons had developed dementia at follow-up. The general depression factor increased the risk of dementia after adjustment for covariates (odds ratio [OR]: 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14-1.92), but the cognitive/motivational factor did not (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.75-1.47). However, in 1725 nondepressed older persons, the cognitive/motivational factor significantly predicted dementia after adjustment for covariates (OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.03-2.28) but not anymore after additional adjustment for subjective memory complaints (OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 0.94-2.13). The general depression factor did not significantly predict dementia in nondepressed older persons (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.80-1.66). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the increased risk of dementia associated with depressive symptoms in many previous studies appears to be heterogeneous, that is, it is likely due to different underlying pathways, including a pathway involving depression itself and a pathway in which cognitive and motivational symptoms reflect subjective cognitive complaints, particularly in the absence of depressed mood. These different pathways might warrant a different treatment approach.
Predictors of intestinal pseudo-obstruction in systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by digestive manifestations: data from a Southern China lupus cohort
Authors: Huang Q , Lai W , Yuan C , Shen S , Cui D , Zhao J , Lin J , Ren H , Yang M 
Published: September 2015

Objective To determine factors that may predict intestinal pseudo-obstruction (IpsO) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients complicated by digestive manifestations. Methods SLE patients with digestive manifestations ( n = 135) were followed at Southern Medical University affiliated Nanfang Hospital from 2000 until 2013. Demographic variables, clinical features, and laboratory data were compared between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to establish factors that predispose to IpsO in these patients. Results At the end of the study period, 32 (23.7%) patients had developed IpsO. Mortality (9 patients) was infrequent and the cause of death was unrelated to IpsO. Independent predictors of IpsO in SLE were ureterectasia, anti-U1 RNP+, peritonitis, and low C3 levels. Conclusions Regular abdominal X-ray examinations are recommended in SLE patients with ureterectasia, anti-U1 RNP+, peritonitis, or low C3 levels, as early diagnosis and therapy may prevent unnecessary surgical intervention and improve the disease course.
Caspase-1 is required for maintenance of marginal zone B cells in pristane-induced lupus
Authors: Morse M D , Clark K L , Cascalho M , Kahlenberg J M 
Published: September 2015

Objective Caspase-1 is required for nephritis and robust autoantibody development in the pristane model of murine lupus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the immune response and to study the splenic B and T cell populations in wild-type (WT) and caspase-1 -/- mice following pristane injection in order to develop an understanding of why absence of caspase-1 is protective in pristane-induced lupus. Methods Immunization responses to NP-Ficoll and NP-ovalbumin were assessed in WT and caspase-1 -/- mice. In vitro IgM and IgG responses to R848 were measured by ELISA. Serum IgM anti-dsDNA and IL-1β were also measured by ELISA. B and T cell populations 2 weeks and 6 months following pristane injection were measured by flow cytometry in WT and caspase-1 -/- mice. Results Caspase-1 -/- mice generate equivalent IgG responses to NP-Ficoll and NP-ova antigens when compared to wild-type mice. Additionally, they secrete IgM and IgG in response to TLR7 activation. Pristane injected WT and caspase-1 -/- mice generate robust IgM anti-dsDNA responses. Caspase-1 -/- mice have a significant reduction in marginal zone B cell populations compared to WT 6 months after pristane exposure whereas T cell responses are intact in these mice. Conclusions Caspase-1 -/- mice have intact immune responses but do not develop an expanded marginal zone B cell population in response to pristane-induced lupus. This may be one explanation for reduced IgG autoantibody production in these mice.
Suicidal drug overdose in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, a nationwide population-based case-control study
Authors: Tang K T , Lin C H , Chen H H , Chen Y H , Chen D Y 
Published: September 2015

Objective A four-fold increase of suicide mortality has been demonstrated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Prior studies showed that the most common method of suicide attempts in SLE patients involves drug overdose. Therefore, we conducted a nationwide population-based case-control study to elucidate factors associated with drug overdose as suicide attempt in SLE patients. Methods This study was based on the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. We identified all SLE patients from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2010. Patients who had suicidal drug overdose (SDO) were selected as cases while age- and gender-matched patients who did not have SDO were selected as controls. Results The incidence rate of SDO in SLE patients was 291 cases per 100,000 person-years, higher than that in the general population (160 cases per 100,000 person-years). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, we observed that SDO was associated with psychiatric disorders such as depressive disorders (odds ratio: 8.36, 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.60–12.48) and insomnia (odds ratio: 2.71, 95% CI: 1.73–4.25), and lower monthly income (odds ratios: 2.74 to 3.50) in SLE patients. Conclusion SDO is associated with psychiatric disorders such as depressive disorders and insomnia, and lower monthly income in SLE patients.
Effect of intramuscular methadone on pharmacokinetic data and thermal and mechanical nociceptive thresholds in the cat
Authors: Slingsby Louisa S , Sear John W , Taylor Polly M , Murrell Joanna C 
Published: September 2015

Objectives The aim of the study was to assess simultaneous pharmacokinetics and thermal and mechanical antinociception after intramuscular methadone (0.6 mg/kg) in 10 cats. Methods Thermal and mechanical threshold (TT and MT, respectively) testing and blood collection were conducted at baseline and up to 24 h after administration. Methadone plasma concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by a non-compartmental method. TT and MT were analysed using ANOVA ( P <0.05). Time of maximum plasma concentration (Tmax), time of onset of antinociception and time of reaching cut-out threshold (TT 55°C; MT 30 Newtons [N]) were determined. Results TT and MT increased above baseline from 20–240 mins and 5–40 mins, respectively, after intramuscular (IM) administration ( P <0.005). Mean maximum delta T (measured as TT minus baseline threshold) was 7.9°C (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.3–11.6) at 60 mins and mean maximum delta F (measured as MT minus baseline threshold) was 4.2 (95% CI 1.6–6.7) N at 45 mins. IM methadone concentration–time data decreased curvilinearly, and gave a clearance estimate of mean 9.1 ml/kg/min (range 5.2–15.7) with median Tmax at 20 mins (range 5–360 mins). Conclusions and relevance IM data followed classical disposition and elimination in all cats. Plasma concentrations after IM administration were associated with an antinociceptive effect, including negative hysteresis. These data can be used for devising dosing schedules for methadone in clinical feline practice.
Use of short messaging services to assess depressive symptoms among refugees in South Africa: Implications for social services providing mental health care in resource-poor settings
Authors: Tomita Andrew , Kandolo Ka Muzombo , Susser Ezra , Burns Jonathan K 
Published: September 2015

Introduction Few studies in developing nations have assessed the use of short messaging services (SMS) to identify psychological challenges in refugee populations. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of SMS-based methods to screen for depression risk among refugees in South Africa attending mental health services, and to compare its reliability and acceptability with face-to-face consultation. Methods Of the 153 refugees enrolled at baseline, 135 were available for follow-up assessments in our cohort study. Depression symptomatology was assessed using the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS) instrument. Results Nearly everyone possessed a mobile phone and utilized SMS. Furthermore, low incomplete item response in QIDS and high perceived ease of interacting via SMS with service providers supported the feasibility of this method. There was a fair level of reliability between face-to-face and SMS-based screening methods, but no significant difference in preference rating between the two methods. Conclusion Despite potential implementation barriers (network delay/phone theft), depression screening using SMS may be viable for refugee mental health services in low-resource settings.
Molecular and cellular mechanisms of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist-mediated attenuation of cardiac fibrosis
Authors: Gaspari Tracey , Brdar Melita , Lee Huey Wen , Spizzo Iresha , Hu Yunshan , Widdop Robert E , Simpson Richard W , Dear Anthony E 
Published: September 2015

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists may have a role in modulation of cardiac fibrosis. Our study aimed to determine the effect of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist liraglutide in obesity, hypertension and age-induced murine models of cardiac fibrosis and identify associated molecular mechanisms. Methods: C57Bl/6J mice on a high-fat diet and C57Bl/6J mice on a normal chow diet treated with angiotensin II were used to induce obesity and hypertension-mediated cardiac fibrosis, respectively. C57Bl/6J mice 20 months old were used to study age-induced cardiac fibrosis. Liraglutide treatment of 30 µg/kg/day–300 µg/kg s.c. twice daily was administered for 4 weeks. Results: Liraglutide treatment attenuated obesity, hypertension and age-induced increases in interstitial cardiac fibrosis and expression of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Conclusions: These observations identify a potential role for liraglutide in the prevention of cardiac fibrosis and identify molecular mechanisms associated with these effects.
Immune profiling in human breast cancer using high-sensitivity detection and analysis techniques
Authors: Coventry Brendon J , Weightman Michael J , Bradley John , Skinner John M 
Published: September 2015

Objectives Evaluation of immune profiles in human breast cancer using high-sensitivity detection and analysis methods. Design Cohort comparative analysis studies of breast tissue. Setting Human hospital and laboratory healthcare facilities. Participants Women over 18 years. Main outcome measures Evaluation of the comparative immunophenotype of human breast carcinoma and normal breast tissues. Results Leukocyte density and specific subgroups of lymphocytes and macrophages were generally higher in breast cancers compared to normal breast tissues. CD3, CD4, CD45RO, CD45RA(2H4), CD45 and HLA Class II (on TIL) were significantly expressed on breast tumour tissues compared with normal tissues ( p < .01). Some 30% of T-cells were γδ-TCR positive, but the majority were αβ-TCR in type. CD19 (B-cell), CD14 (FMC32 and 33) and HLA Class I levels (epithelial and TIL) showed no significant differences. IL-2α receptor expression was low or absent on most TIL. Conclusions High-sensitivity and image analysis techniques permitted accurate characterisation of the TIL infiltrate for immune profiling. Breast carcinoma showed predominance of CD4 T-cells of mainly memory phenotype. Normal breast tissues showed low leukocyte infiltration. Further correlation of these findings with clinical outcome, including survival, is proceeding with encouraging results.
Modulating platelet reactivity through control of RGS18 availability
Authors: Ma Peisong , Ou Kristy , Sinnamon Andrew J. , Jiang Hong , Siderovski David P. , Brass Lawrence F. 
Published: September 2015

Key Points
RGS18 acts as a brake on persistent or inappropriate platelet activation after it is released from binding sites in resting platelets. Control of free RGS18 levels provides a mechanism for coordinating signaling networks in platelets.
Primary tumour standardised uptake value is prognostic in nonsmall cell lung cancer: a multivariate pooled analysis of individual data
Authors: Paesmans Marianne , Garcia Camilo , Wong Ching-Yee Oliver , Patz Edward F. , Komaki Ritsuko , Eschmann Susanne , Govindan Ramaswamy , Vansteenkiste Johan , Meert Anne-Pascale , de Jong Wouter K. , Altorki Nasser Khaled , Higashi Kotaro , Van Baardwijk Angela , Borst Gerben R. , Ameye Lieveke , Lafitte Jean-Jacques , Berghmans Thierry , Flamen Patrick , Rami-Porta Ramon , Sculier Jean-Paul 
Published: September 2015

18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography (PET) complements conventional imaging for diagnosing and staging lung cancer. Two literature-based meta-analyses suggest that maximum standardised uptake value (SUVmax) on PET has univariate prognostic value in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We analysed individual data pooled from 12 studies to assess the independent prognostic value of binary SUVmaxfor overall survival.After searching the published literature and identifying unpublished data, study coordinators were contacted and requested to provide data on individual patients. Cox regression models stratified for study were used.Data were collected for 1526 patients (median age 64 years, 60% male, 34% squamous cell carcinoma, 47% adenocarcinoma, 58% stage I–II). The combined univariate hazard ratio for SUVmaxwas 1.43 (95% CI 1.22–1.66) and nearly identical if the SUV threshold was calculated stratifying for histology. Multivariate analysis of patients with stage I–III disease identified age, stage, tumour size and receipt of surgery as independent prognostic factors; adding SUV (HR 1.58, 95% CI 1.27–1.96) improved the model significantly. The only detected interaction was between SUV and stage IV disease.SUV seems to have independent prognostic value in stage I–III NSCLC, for squamous cell carcinoma and for adenocarcinoma.
Impact of lung disease on respiratory impedance in young children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Ramsey Kathryn A. , Ranganathan Sarath C. , Gangell Catherine L. , Turkovic Lidija , Park Judy , Skoric Billy , Stick Stephen M. , Sly Peter D. , Hall Graham L. 
Published: September 2015

This study aimed to evaluate the ability of the forced oscillation technique (FOT) to detect underlying lung disease in preschool children with cystic fibrosis (CF) diagnosed following newborn screening.184 children (aged 3–6 years) with CF underwent lung function testing on 422 occasions using the FOT to assess respiratory resistance and reactance at the time of their annual bronchoalveolar lavage collection and chest computed tomography scan. We examined associations between FOT outcomes and the presence and progression of respiratory inflammation, infection and structural lung disease.Children with CF who had pronounced respiratory disease, including free neutrophil elastase activity, infection with pro-inflammatory pathogens and structural lung abnormalities had similar FOT outcomes to those children without detectable lung disease. In addition, the progression of lung disease over 1 year was not associated with worsening FOT outcomes.We conclude that the forced oscillation technique is relatively insensitive to detect underlying lung disease in preschool children with CF. However, FOT may still be of value in improving our understanding of the physiological changes associated with early CF lung disease.
Current use of wild plants with edible underground storage organs in a rural population of Patagonia: between tradition and change
Authors: Ochoa Juan José , Ladio Ana Haydee 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Background
Edible plants with underground storage organs (USOs) are neglected resources. We studied the local ecological knowledge edible plants with (USOs) in rural populations of North-Patagonia in order to establish how people are utilizing these plants. Some aspect of corpus-praxis-cosmos complex associated to the local ecological knowledge was documented and discussed. In addition, variation in this ecological knowledge due to age, gender, family structure, ethnic self-determination was also evaluated.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 51 inhabitants in order to study the relationship between the current use of plants with USOs and the age, sex, family group composition and ethnic self-identification of interviewees. In addition, the Cultural Importance Index for each species was calculated.

Results
The current richness of known species in these populations is a total of 9 plants. Plants with USOs tend to be used more frequently as the age of the interviewee increases. Women and men showed no differences in the average richness of species cited. The interviewees who share their homes with other generations use these plants more frequently than those who live alone. Our results indicate that the interviewees who identified themselves as belonging to the Mapuche people use these plants more frequently.

Conclusion
For the Mapuche people, wild plants have constituted material and symbolic resources of great importance in their historical subsistence. In addition, they are currently being redefined as elements which present a connection with ancestral practices, produce a strong relationship with the ‘land’, and become markers which identify the ‘natural’ (historical) ways of their people; these are key elements in the current political processes of identity revaluation. This research is valuable to stimulate cultural revival and health promotion programs in the communities with their own local, cultural food.
Nielsen type numbers and homotopy minimal periods for maps on solvmanifolds with $\operatorname{Sol}_{1}^{4}$-geometry
Authors: Jo Jang Hyun , Lee Jong Bum 
Published: September 2015

AbstractFor all maps f on the special solvmanifolds with $\operatorname{Sol}_{1}^{4}$

Sol
1
4

-geometry, we give explicit formulas for a complete computation of the Nielsen type numbers $\operatorname{NP}_{n}(f)$

NP
n

(
f
)
and $\mathrm{N}\Phi _{n}(f)$
N

Φ
n

(
f
)
. We also give a complete description of the sets of homotopy minimal periods of all such maps.
Better migrants, better PISA results: Findings from a natural experiment
Authors: Cattaneo Maria A , Wolter Stefan C 
Published: September 2015

AbstractSwitzerland changed its migration policy in the 1990s from a “non-qualified only” policy to one of almost free movement of labor. To analyze the impact of this policy change on the schooling outcomes of children of first-generation migrants, the paper compares the PISA results of first-generation pupils in 2000 with the scores of children tested in 2009, whose parents immigrated after the policy changed. We find that around 75% of the 40-point increase in the PISA score of first-generation immigrant students was due to changes in the individual background characteristics of their parents and to improved school composition.