bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bohrpfahlwände als Baugrubenverbau und Kammerwandbauteil der neuen Schleuse Dörverden
Authors: Saathoff Joachim , Kauther Regina , Müller Hilmar , Herten Markus 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIn Dörverden musste die Schleppzugschleuse wegen zahlreicher Schäden durch einen Schleusenneubau ersetzt werden. In der Planungsphase wurden verschiedene Ausführungsvarianten unter wirtschaftlichen, technischen und betrieblichen Aspekten betrachtet. Nach intensiver Abwägung entschied sich die Wasser‐ und Schifffahrtsverwaltung des Bundes (WSV) für eine neuartige Bauweise: Die Baugrubenumschließung, bestehend aus einer überschnittenen und rückverankerten Bohrpfahlwand, wurde als statisch tragendes Element in das Schleusenbauwerk integriert. Um die üblichen Anforderungen wie Ebenheit und dauerhafte Dichtigkeit an die Kammerwandoberfläche zu erfüllen, wurde die Bohrpfahlwand mit einer Betonvorsatzschale kombiniert, die wiederum in die Bohrpfahlwand rückverankert wurde. Die Bauausführung erfolgte unter erhöhten Anforderungen an die Herstellungsqualität. Die Bundesanstalt für Wasserbau (BAW) hat die Bauausführung begleitet. Neben den üblichen Prüfungen wurden an ausgewählten Bohrpfahlgruppen zusätzlich modifizierte Crosshole‐Messungen veranlasst. Mit dieser Messmethode konnten neben den Sekundärpfählen auch die Primärpfähle sowie die Überschnittbereiche zerstörungsfrei geprüft werden. Der Inhalt dieses Beitrags ist in Teilen aus Saathoff et al. [1] entnommen.Dual use of a secant bored pile wall at the new lock of Dörverden: construction pit lining and chamber wallIn Dörverden an old damaged lock needed to be replaced by a newly constructed lock. In the design phase various construction concepts were examined regarding economic, technical and practical aspects. After thorough consideration the Federal Waterway Administration decided in favour of an innovative construction concept: The construction pit lining consisting of a back‐tied secant bored pile wall was fully integrated into the chamber wall as a permanent load‐bearing element. The water‐facing part of the chamber wall was designed as a concrete shell. The concrete shell was affixed to the pile wall by bolts and is intended to secure essential practical properties and durability of the construction.During the construction phase enhanced requirements concerning quality standards were demanded. The Federal Waterways Engineering and Research Institute (Bundesanstalt für Wasserbau – BAW) ensured continued and coordinated implementation of these requirements. Additionally to routine tests modified cross‐hole measurements were performed at the bored pile wall. These non‐destructive measurements allowed to examine the quality of the primary as well as the secondary piles and in the region between two joining piles. The content of the paper is partly taken from Saathoff et al. [1]
Peptide design for antimicrobial and immunomodulatory applications
Authors: Haney Evan F. , Hancock Robert E. W. 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTThe increasing threat of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria and the dwindling supply of antibiotics available to combat these infections poses a significant threat to human health throughout the world. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have long been touted as the next generation of antibiotics capable of filling the anti‐infective void. Unfortunately, peptide‐based antibiotics have yet to realize their potential as novel pharmaceuticals, in spite of the immense number of known AMP sequences and our improved understanding of their antibacterial mechanism of action. Recently, the immunomodulatory properties of certain AMPs have become appreciated. The ability of small synthetic peptides to protect against infection in vivo has demonstrated that modulation of the innate immune response is an effective strategy to further develop peptides as novel anti‐infectives. This review focuses on the screening methods that have been used to assess novel peptide sequences for their antibacterial and immunomodulatory properties. It will also examine how we have progressed in our ability to identify and optimize peptides with desired biological characteristics and enhanced therapeutic potential. In addition, the current challenges to the development of peptides as anti‐infectives are examined and the strategies being used to overcome these issues are discussed. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 100: 572–583, 2013.
Thermoelektrik
Authors: Schierle‐Arndt Kerstin , Hermes Wilfried 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBislang ist die Thermoelektrik eine Nischentechnologie, die ihre Stärken hat, wenn es auf Zuverlässigkeit oder Komfort ankommt. Die Technologie bietet aber darüber hinaus in Zukunft die Chance, Energie effizienter zu nutzen und die CO2‐Emmission zu reduzieren. Thermoelektrik kann zur Abwärmenutzung angewendet werden und ist damit vor allem für die Automobilindustrie und Industriezweigen mit großen Abwärmemengen interessant. Für den Erfolg auf einem großen Markt gilt es jedoch, einige Herausforderungen zu lösen: Effizienz‐steigernde Materialien, verbesserte Modultechnologie und die Systemintegration stehen dabei im Fokus. Der vorliegende Artikel beleuchtet diese Herausforderungen aus industrieller Sicht.
p‐Aminosalicylat als Trittbrettfahrer im Folatstoffwechsel
Authors: Hille‐Rehfeld Annette 
Published: April 2013

AbstractDie antibiotische Wirkung von p‐Aminosalicylat (PAS) wird auf eine kompetitive Hemmung der Folatsynthese zurückgeführt, aber nicht jeder wirksame Hemmer der Folatsynthese eignet sich gleichermaßen als Antibiotikum. Die Besonderheit von PAS liegt offenbar darin, dass es nicht nur die Folatsynthese hemmt, sondern darüberhinaus in ein unwirksames Folsäureanalog eingebaut wird.
Baylab plastics – ein ganz besonderes Schülerlabor
Authors: Schumacher Elke 
Published: April 2013

AbstractEin professionelles Produkt zum Mitnehmen, an einem Arbeitstag von Schülern entworfen, getestet und produziert. Geht das? Diese schier unlösbare Aufgabe wird im Baylab plastics bei Bayer MaterialScience in Leverkusen mit viel Vertrauen in die verborgenen Fähigkeiten der ein geladenen Schülergruppen, mit Kreativität, straffer Organisation und in dennoch lockerer Arbeitsatmosphäre mit Bravour bewältigt.
Court–Annexed Mediation in Indonesia: Does Culture Matter?
Authors: Syukur Fatahillah Abdul , Bagshaw Dale Margaret 
Published: April 2013

AbstractA Western model of court‐annexed mediation was introduced into the Indonesian courts in 2003, but has been relatively unsuccessful. The authors argue that one factor contributing to this is the failure of mediators to use culturally appropriate approaches and emphasize the need for mediators to be trained to be culturally fluent and self‐reflexive. They analyze cultural factors relevant to mediation with participants from diverse cultural backgrounds and implications for training. Musyawarah mufakat, the indigenous way of resolving disputes, is compared to a Western interest‐based model of mediation and a case study illustrates how the process can incorporate an indigenous approach.
The Sustainability Manager: A Tool for Education and Training on Sustainability Management
Authors: Baumgartner Rupert J. , Winter Thomas 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTThere is a rising awareness and interest of corporations about corporate sustainable behaviour. Sustainability issues are increasingly integrated into corporate strategies, actions, and behavior. Different approaches, systems, and instruments have been developed to support corporate sustainability management. An important aspect of any sustainability‐related corporate initiative is to train employees and to develop sustainability‐related competencies. To enable education and training in this area, an interdisciplinary team of researchers, consultants and practitioners developed a management game called ‘sustainability manager’ (www.sustainabilitymanager.at). This paper presents the key features of this business simulation and reflects the experiences of the application of this management game in training. This management game is based on a business simulation, i.e. a company is modelled using web technology and soft computing approaches. The sustainability manager can be used as a web‐based training instrument for sustainability management and can be adapted to specific training situations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Taxonome: a software package for linking biological species data
Authors: Kluyver Thomas A. , Osborne Colin P. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractOnline databases of biological information offer tremendous potential for evolutionary and ecological discoveries, especially if data are combined in novel ways. However, the different names and varied spellings used for many species present major barriers to linking data. Taxonome is a software tool designed to solve this problem by quickly and reproducibly matching biological names to a given reference set. It is available both as a graphical user interface (GUI) for simple interactive use, and as a library for more advanced functionality with programs written in Python. Taxonome also includes functions to standardize distribution information to a well‐defined set of regions, such as the TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions. In combination, these tools will help biologists to rapidly synthesize disparate datasets, and to investigate large‐scale patterns in species traits.
Reactivity of Auranofin with Selenols and Thiols – Implications for the Anticancer Activity of Gold(I) Compounds
Authors: Di Sarra Francesca , Fresch Barbara , Bini Riccardo , Saielli Giacomo , Bagno Alessandro 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe enzyme thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) is attracting much interest as a potential target for cancer therapy. The presence of a selenium atom in the catalytic site makes it sensitive to inhibition by electrophilic molecules, including the AuI complex auranofin [2,3,4,6‐tetra‐O‐acetyl‐1‐thio‐β‐D‐glucopyranosato‐S‐(triethylphosphane)gold]. The reactions between auranofin and models of thiol and selenol nucleophiles present in TrxR (PhSH and PhSeH) have been investigated in chloroform and methanol by means of 1H, 31P, and 77Se NMR spectroscopy. In chloroform, auranofin undergoes ligand substitution of the tetraacetylthioglucose moiety by a PhS or PhSe group. The reaction is reversible in both cases, but it is characterized by widely different equilibrium constants (ca. 1 for S and at least 103 for Se). In polar solvents, such as methanol, the reaction is more complex, and the phosphane moiety also undergoes ligand exchange. Some features have been clarified through the investigation of Et3PAuCl. The elementary processes involved have been characterized by DFT calculations.
Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence of TiO2 Nanoparticles Modified Electrode by Nafion Film and Its Application in Selective Detection of Dopamine
Authors: Tian Chun‐Yuan , Xu Jing‐Juan , Chen Hong‐Yuan 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIn this work, a simple and effective approach to obtain stable, nontoxic and strong electrochemiluminescence (ECL) interfaces is provided by coating TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surfaces with Nafion. Unlike a decrease of the current resulting from the blocked diffusion usually displayed in electrochemical processes by Nafion coating, a Nafion/TiO2 NPs modified electrode not only shows a highly stable ECL, but also shows an 8‐fold increase of ECL intensity and a reduction of the overpotential of ca. 300 mV in the presence of K2S2O8 as co‐reactant, compared with those of bare TiO2 NPs modified electrodes. The roles of Nafion coating on TiO2 NPs in the ECL process are proposed to be twofold: to provide refuge for the free radicals and to enhance the electron‐hole recombination. Benefiting from its excellent ECL performance, the cationic exchange function of Nafion and the susceptible to being oxidized performance of dopamine (DA) by holes, the Nafion/TiO2 composite electrode could be used to sensitively and selectively detect DA with a detection limit of 1.0×10−11 M and a linear range of 1.0×10−11–6.0×10−7 M. The coexisting anionic species such as excess ascorbic acid show little interference on DA detection.
Lock‐in thermography as a tool for quality control of photovoltaic modules
Authors: Vetter Andreas , Fecher Frank , Adams Jens , Schaeffler Raymund , Theisen Jean‐Patrick , Brabec Christoph J. , Buerhop Claudia 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIn this short communication, we present a method which utilizes contactless ILIT (illuminated lock‐in thermography) measurement of a photovoltaic (PV) module and image postprocessing in order to calculate the peak power Pmpp of the module and to study the influence of local defects on the module performance. In total, 103 Copper‐Indium‐Gallium‐Diselenide (CIGS) modules were investigated and the results showed a good correlation (mean error less than 6%) between the calculated IR‐signal and the measured Pmpp. We performed our study on CIGS modules but the presented approach is not restricted to CIGS modules. The method provides a valuable tool for PV quality control.
Effect of processing methods on the chemical composition of Vitex doniana leaf and leaf products
Authors: Osum Frances I. , Okonkwo Thomas M. , Okafor Gabriel I. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractFresh leaves of Vitex doniana were subjected to different food processing methods such as drying, blanching and drying, fermentation of the leaf extract as well as blanching and fermentation of the leaf extract. The proximate composition, mineral and vitamin contents of the fresh and processed leaves were subsequently determined, using standard methods. The results shows that V. doniana leaf and products had the following ranges of proximate parameters: 0.07–17.29% protein, 1.85–6.33% fiber, 0.47–6.55% ash, 10.86–95.67% moisture, 0.05–1.29% fat, and 3.61–58.08% carbohydrate. The level of micronutrients detected were generally high and ranged as follows: minerals – Ca (13.38–59.50 mg/100 g), Fe (3.0–18.00 mg/100 g), Na (0.37–1.29 mg/100 g), and vitamins C (1.5–32.98 mg/100 g), A (54.6–3583.26 IU), E (3.11–53.36 mg/100 g), and B2 (0.01–9.63 mg/100 g). However, the various processing methods used led to significant (P < 0.05) decrease of micronutrients in the extracts, while it caused significant (P < 0.05) increase in the protein, fat, and ash content of the oven‐dried sample.
Longitude dependences of Saturn's ultraviolet aurora
Authors: Carbary J. F. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBased on periodicities in the kilometric radio emissions, the Saturn Longitude System 4 (SLS4) was used to organize the far ultraviolet (120–150 nm) aurora observed by the Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph on the Cassini spacecraft. Individual Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph pixels were projected onto the ionosphere of Saturn, transformed into the SLS4 north and SLS4 south longitude systems, accumulated over all over auroral observations from 2007 to early 2009, and binned into 1°×1° bins of colatitude. The intensity of the northern aurora showed little variation in its SLS4 north system, but the intensity of the southern aurora exhibited an enhancement of over ~10 kR between ~140–280° SLS4 south longitude. This enhancement may represent the auroral signature of a southern ionospheric vortex proposed in MHD models of Saturn's magnetosphere to explain its periodicities. The loci of the northern intensity peaks and the 3 kR boundaries varied little over 360° of longitude, while the equatorward boundary of the southern aurora varied by ~5° in SLS4 south longitude, reaching its most equatorward location of ~23° colatitude between 100° and 180° longitude. The polygonal centroids of the aurora in both north and south were consistent with offsets of no more than ~1° in both hemispheres.
Prediction of short‐duration transient surface heat flux using various analytical techniques
Authors: Peetala Ravi K. , Sahoo Niranjan , Kulkarni Vinayak 
Published: April 2013

AbstractTransient surface heat flux prediction, from temperature signals using one‐dimensional heat conduction modeling, is the major objective of present investigation. The techniques reported in the literature based on spline ﬁtting (linear and cubic) and least square polynomial ﬁtting of temperature data are evaluated for prediction of surface heat flux through various analytical modeling. In addition, a Laplace‐based technique is also incorporated here to predict surface heat flux where the least square polynomial ﬁtting technique is used to discretize the temperature data. The temperature time histories obtained from an in‐house built, one‐dimensional ﬁnite volume computation solver, and experiments (i.e., shock tunnel testing and flight data) are considered for the performance assessment of these methods. Heat flux recovery from all the methods for smooth temperature signals is seen to be in good agreement with a reasonable accuracy of ±5%. However, it has been noticed that the spline based ﬁtting techniques supersede the polynomial‐based ﬁtting techniques for prediction of heat flux from discontinuous or noisy temperature signals. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj). DOI 10.1002/htj.21050
Low‐level laser therapy can produce increased aggressiveness of dysplastic and oral cancer cell lines by modulation of Akt/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Sperandio Felipe F. , Giudice Fernanda S. , Corrêa Luciana , Pinto Décio S. , Hamblin Michael R. , de Sousa Suzana C.O.M. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractLow‐level laser therapy (LLLT) is a non‐thermal phototherapy used in several medical applications, including wound healing, reduction of pain and amelioration of oral mucositis. Nevertheless, the effects of LLLT upon cancer or dysplastic cells have been so far poorly studied. Head and neck cancer patients receiving LLLT for oral mucositis, for example, might have remaining tumor cells that could be stimulated by LLLT. This study demonstrated that LLLT (GaAlAs – 660 nm or 780 nm, 40 mW, 2.05, 3.07 or 6.15 J/cm2) can modify oral dysplastic cells (DOK) and oral cancer cells (SCC9 and SCC25) growth by modulating the Akt/mTOR/CyclinD1 signaling pathway; LLLT significantly modified the expression of proteins related to progression and invasion in all the cell lines, and could aggravate oral cancer cellular behavior, increasing the expression of pAkt, pS6 and Cyclin D1 proteins and producing an aggressive Hsp90 isoform. Apoptosis was detected for SCC25 and was related to pAkt levels. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Impaired bone formation and increased osteoclastogenesis in mice lacking chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (Ccl5)
Authors: Wintges Kristofer , Beil F Timo , Albers Joachim , Jeschke Anke , Schweizer Michaela , Claass Benjamin , Tiegs Gisa , Amling Michael , Schinke Thorsten 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT

Chemokines play crucial roles in the recruitment of specific hematopoietic cell types, and some of them have been suggested to be involved in the regulation of bone remodeling. Because we have previously observed that chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (Ccl2) and Ccl5 are direct target genes of noncanonical Wnt signaling in osteoblasts, we analyzed the skeletal phenotypes of Ccl2-deficient and Ccl5-deficient mice. In line with previous studies, Ccl2-deficient mice display a moderate reduction of osteoclastogenesis at the age of 6 months. In contrast, 6-month-old Ccl5-deficient mice display osteopenia associated with decreased bone formation and increased osteoclastogenesis. Moreover, unlike in wild-type and Ccl2-deficient mice, large areas of their trabecular and endocortical bone surfaces are not covered by osteoblasts or bone-lining cells, and this is associated with a severe reduction of endosteal bone formation. Although this phenotype diminishes with age, it is important that we could further identify a reduced number of osteal macrophages in 6-month-old Ccl5-deficient mice, because this cell type has previously been reported to promote endosteal bone formation. Because Ccl5-deficient mice also display increased osteoclastogenesis, we finally addressed the question of whether osteal macrophages could differentiate into osteoclasts and/or secrete inhibitors of osteoclastogenesis. For that purpose we isolated these cells by CD11b affinity purification from calvarial cultures and characterized them ex vivo. Here we found that they are unable to differentiate into osteoblasts or osteoclasts, but that their conditioned medium mediates an antiosteoclastogenic effect, possibly caused by interleukin-18 (IL-18), an inhibitor of osteoclastogenesis expressed by osteal macrophages. Taken together, our data provide in vivo evidence supporting the previously suggested role of Ccl5 in bone remodeling. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, Ccl5-deficient mice represent the first model with a spontaneous partial deficiency of osteal macrophages, a recently identified cell type, whose impact on bone remodeling is just beginning to be understood. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Bone remodeling is regulated by inner ear vestibular signals
Authors: Vignaux Guillaume , Besnard Stéphane , Ndong Jean , Philoxène Bruno , Denise Pierre , Elefteriou Florent 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT

Bone remodeling allows the conservation of normal bone mass despite constant changes in internal and external environments. The adaptation of the skeleton to these various stimuli leads credence to the notion that bone remodeling is a true homeostatic function, and as such is under the control of specific centers in the central nervous system (CNS). Hypothalamic and brainstem centers, as well as the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), have been identified as regulators of bone remodeling. However, the nature of the afferent CNS stimuli that may modulate CNS centers involved in the control of bone remodeling, with the exception of leptin, remains unclear. Based on the partial efficacy of exercise and mechanical stimulation regimens to prevent microgravity-induced bone loss and the known alterations in vestibular functions associated with space flights, we hypothesized that inner ear vestibular signals may contribute to the regulation of bone remodeling. Using an established model of bilateral vestibular lesions and microtomographic and histomorphometric bone analyses, we show here that induction of bilateral vestibular lesion in rats generates significant bone loss, which is restricted to weight-bearing bones and associated with a significant reduction in bone formation, as observed in rats under microgravity conditions. Importantly, this bone loss was not associated with reduced locomotor activity or metabolic abnormalities, was accompanied with molecular signs of increased sympathetic outflow, and could be prevented by the β-blocker propranolol. Collectively, these data suggest that the homeostatic process of bone remodeling has a vestibulosympathetic regulatory component and that vestibular system pathologies might be accompanied by bone fragility. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.