bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA‐410 functions as a tumor suppressor by targeting angiotensin II type 1 receptor in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Guo Rende , Gu Jianhua , Zhang Zhibin , Wang Yi , Gu Chuan 
Published: February 2015

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as key regulators of gene expression in diverse biological processes and are intimately involved in tumorigenesis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of miR‐410 in pancreatic cancer remain poorly understood. In this study, we found that miR‐410 overexpression suppressed pancreatic cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo as well as cell invasion and migration. miR‐410 also resulted in G1/S cell‐cycle arrest. We then showed that angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGTR1) was a direct target of miR‐410, with miR‐410 suppressing AGTR1 expression levels. In contrast, inhibition of miR‐410 increased the expression of AGTR1. Silencing of AGTR1 inhibited cell growth and invasion, similar to miR‐410 overexpression. In addition, we found that the induction of vascular endothelial growth factor and the activation of the ERK signaling pathway by angiotensin II were blocked by miR‐410, similar to the angiotensin II inhibitor losartan. miR‐410 overexpression inhibited angiogenesis in mice through the repression of CD31 expression. ERK pathway knockdown suppressed pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis. Finally, we found that miR‐410 was downregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues compared to adjacent nontumor tissues, whereas AGTR1 was upregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues. Pearson correlation analysis showed that miR‐410 and AGTR1 were inversely expressed. In conclusion, our data indicate that miR‐410 suppresses pancreatic cancer growth, cell invasion, migration, and angiogenesis via the downregulation of AGTR1, acting as a tumor‐suppressive miRNA. In addition, our results suggest that miR‐410 is a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for patients with pancreatic cancer. © 2015 IUBMB Life, 67(1):42–53, 2015
Students' Playful Tactics
Authors: Rust Julie 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBy examining the ways in which high school students in two different English classes take up virtual self‐representation tactics in school‐based social networking sites, this article explores how young people carefully juggle the digital identities they adopt for the eyes of both peers and teachers. The data reveals that the students’ cultivation of selves are influenced by the affordances of the spaces they inhabit, and that the specific features of the online class network initiated three identity‐shaping tactics: inserting popular culture, adding humor, and engaging in gossip. Because these themes of self are distinct from the identity themes that typically emerge when students write traditional essays for English class, this work highlights the fact that educators face new challenges and opportunities when making room for informal, social digital spaces for curricular purposes.
Timely Degradation of Wip1 Phosphatase by APC/C Activator Protein Cdh1 is Necessary for Normal Mitotic Progression
Authors: Jeong Ho‐Chang , Gil Na‐Yeon , Lee Ho‐Soo , Cho Seung‐Ju , Kim Kyungtae , Chun Kwang‐Hoon , Cho Hyeseong , Cha Hyuk‐Jin 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTWip1 belongs to the protein phosphatase C (PP2C) family, of which expression is up‐regulated by a number of external stresses, and serves as a stress modulator in normal physiological conditions. When overexpressed, premature dephosphorylation of stress‐mediators by Wip1 results in abrogation of tumor surveillance, thus Wip1 acts as an oncogene. Previously, the functional regulation of Wip1 in cell‐cycle progression by counteracting cellular G1 and G2/M checkpoint activity in response to DNA damage was reported. However, other than in stress conditions, the function and regulatory mechanism of Wip1 has not been fully determined. Herein, we demonstrated that protein regulation of Wip1 occurs in a cell cycle‐dependent manner, which is directly governed by APC/CCdh1 at the end of mitosis. In particular, we also showed evidence that Wip1 phosphatase activity is closely associated with its own protein stability, suggesting that reduced phosphatase activity of Wip1 during mitosis could trigger its degradation. Furthermore, to verify the physiological role of its phosphatase activity during mitosis, we established doxycycline‐inducible cell models, including a Wip1 wild type (WT) and phosphatase dead mutant (Wip1 DA). When ectopically expressing Wip1 WT, we observed a delay in the transition from metaphase to anaphase. In conclusion, these studies show that mitotic degradation of Wip1 by APC/CCdh1 is important for normal mitotic progression. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1602–1612, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MicroRNA‐19b Reduces Hepatic Stellate Cell Proliferation by Targeting GRB2 in Hepatic Fibrosis Models In Vivo and In Vitro as Part of the Inhibitory Effect of Estradiol
Authors: Ge Shanfei , Xie Jianping , Liu Fei , He Jinni , He Jinwen 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTEstradiol (E2) is a major determinant of gender‐based differences in the development of hepatic fibrosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous 19‐25 nucleotide, noncoding, single‐stranded RNAs that regulate gene expression by blocking the translation or decreasing the stability of mRNAs and play an important role in liver fibrosis. The mechanisms underlying the regulation of miRNAs by E2 remain largely unknown. In this study, miR‐19b levels were higher and were associated with lower GRB2 mRNA and protein levels in female rats more than in male rats. We also showed that miR‐19b levels were down‐regulated, were associated with the up‐regulation of GRB2 mRNA and protein levels in PS (porcine serum‐induced hepatic fibrosis) versus NS (normal control) groups and were up‐regulated when associated with the down‐regulation of GRB2 mRNA and protein levels in PS + E2 versus PS and in aHSC + E2 (estradiol treated aHSC) versus aHSC groups. MiR‐19b expression inhibited cell proliferation in aHSCs, and also down‐regulated GRB2 protein expression. The overexpression of miR‐19b inhibited cell growth and suppressed COL1A1 protein levels by decreasing the levels of GRB2. However, the forced expression of GRB2 partly rescued the effect of miR‐19b in the cells, attenuated cell proliferation, and suppressed the GRB2 protein level by up‐regulating the levels of GRB2. Taken together, these findings will shed light on the role of miR‐19b in regulating aHSC proliferation via the miR‐19b/GRB2 axis. This newly identified miR‐19b/GRB2 interaction provided novel insights into the suppressive effect of E2 on HSC proliferation and might facilitate the development of therapies targeting hepatic fibrosis. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 2455–2464, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Calcium, Is It Better to Have Less?—Global Health Perspectives
Authors: Shin Chan Soo , Kim Kyoung Min 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTAppropriate calcium intake is necessary for the accrual and maintenance of bone mass. A significant proportion of the world's population does not have adequate calcium intake, and thus, supplementation plays a key role in maintaining bone homeostasis and other aspects of health. Since a series of reports from the Auckland calcium study and meta‐analysis indicated that calcium supplementation was associated with an increased risk for adverse cardiovascular events, concern over the safety of calcium supplementation has grown; however, considerable inconsistencies in the reproducibility were found and questions regarding the study methodologies have been raised. In addition, since the increased adverse cardiovascular events by calcium supplementation were observed in calcium‐replete subjects, it should be clarified whether the same risk profile would be observed in countries with low calcium intake. Dietary calcium intake varies widely across the world; cardiovascular event risk factors and outcomes also vary and appear to be the opposite of calcium intake levels. Furthermore, the effects of calcium supplementation were shown to depend on dietary calcium intake, with a better bone mineral density response for low calcium intake subjects compared to that in calcium‐replete subjects. Based on these evidences, the risk‐benefit ratio of calcium supplement is likely to be different in different region of the world. Therefore, accumulation of evidence to establish population‐specific guidelines for calcium supplementation is warranted before extrapolating the results obtained from a limited number of studies to the other people with different age, gender, ethnicity and risk profile across the world. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1513–1521, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Thiamine prescribing practices within university‐affiliated hospitals: A multicenter retrospective review
Authors: Day Gregory S. , Ladak Safiya , Curley Kevin , Farb Norman A. S. , Masiowski Paul , Pringsheim Tamara , Ritchie Michael , Cheung Alexandra , Jansen Sandy , Methot Linda , Neville Heather L. , Bates Duane , Lowe Donna , Fernandes Natasha , Ferland Alexandre , Martin del Campo C 
Published: February 2015

BACKGROUNDPatients with suspected thiamine deficiency should receive treatment with parenteral thiamine to achieve the high serum thiamine levels necessary to reverse the effects of deficiency and to circumvent problems with absorption common in the medically ill.OBJECTIVETo quantify rates of parenteral administration of thiamine across university‐affiliated hospitals and to identify factors associated with higher rates of parenteral prescribing.DESIGNMulticenter, retrospective observational study of thiamine prescriptions.METHODSPrescriptions for thiamine were captured from computerized pharmacy information systems across participating centers, providing information concerning dose, route, frequency, and duration of thiamine prescribed from January 2010 to December 2011.SETTINGFourteen university‐affiliated tertiary care hospitals geographically distributed across Canada, including 48,806 prescriptions for thiamine provided to 32,213 hospitalized patients.RESULTSParenteral thiamine accounted for a statistically significant majority of thiamine prescriptions (57.6%, P < 0.001); however, oral thiamine constituted a significant majority of the total doses prescribed (68.4%, z = 168.9; P < 0.001). Protocols prioritizing parenteral administration were associated with higher rates of parenteral prescribing (61.3% with protocol, 45.8% without protocol; P < 0.001). Patients admitted under psychiatry services were significantly more likely to be prescribed oral thiamine (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSAlthough parenteral thiamine accounted for a statistically significant majority of prescriptions, oral thiamine was commonly prescribed within academic hospitals. Additional strategies are needed to promote parenteral thiamine prescribing to patients with suspected thiamine deficiency. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2015;10:246–253. © 2015 Society of Hospital Medicine
Acceleration of MRI of the vocal tract provides additional insight into articulator modifications
Authors: Burdumy Michael , Traser Louisa , Richter Bernhard , Echternach Matthias , Korvink Jan G. , Hennig Jürgen , Zaitsev Maxim 
Published: February 2015

PurposeTo accelerate dynamic imaging of the vocal tract during articulation.Materials and MethodsFive subjects were imaged by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) while repeating the word "Partikel" at 90 beats per minute, using both a radio‐frequency‐spoiled radial gradient echo sequence with golden angle projection rotation and a previously applied real‐time Cartesian sequence. The acquired data were reconstructed using a CG‐SENSE method and Cartesian reconstruction. The images from both methods were compared by measuring distances between anatomical landmarks that are important for resonance behavior of the vocal tract. Only commonly available hardware and software were used.ResultsWith the presented radial method a spatial resolution of 1.8 mm at 25 frames per second could be achieved. Overall, the morphometric measurements of the vocal tract showed less deviation for the radial sequence both across repetitions and for all subjects. Fast modifications, such as complete lip closing, could be analyzed with greater fidelity using the high temporal resolution of the radial sequence.ConclusionThe results indicate that higher temporal resolution is a necessity to catch fast morphometric changes in the vocal tract. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;42:925–935.
An Exploratory Examination of Serious Surfers: Implications for the Surf Tourism Industry
Authors: Sotomayor Sandra , Barbieri Carla 
Published: February 2015

AbstractSurf tourism is a multibillion dollar industry expected to continue expanding. Despite such economic significance, the surf tourism literature has gaps related to surf tourism segments. In response, this study applied the serious leisure framework to profile serious surfers and contrast their sociodemographic composition and travel behaviors. Although more serious surfers are more avid travelers in the quest for the perfect wave as compared with less serious surfers, preference for local attractions and conveniences did not vary between groups. In addition to contributing the scholarship of serious leisure and surf tourism, this study provides insights for the surf tourism industry. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sleep quality change after upper airway surgery in obstructive sleep apnea: Electrocardiogram‐based cardiopulmonary coupling analysis
Authors: Choi Ji Ho , Thomas Robert J. , Suh Soo Yeon , Park Il Ho , Kim Tae Hoon , Lee Sang Hag , Lee Heung Man , Yun Chang‐Ho , Lee Seung Hoon 
Published: February 2015

Objectives/HypothesisTo test the effect of upper airway surgery on sleep quality in adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and the potential usefulness of electrocardiogram (ECG)‐based cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC) analysis as metrics of sleep quality.Study DesignRetrospective outcome research.MethodsA total of 62 consecutive adult patients with OSA, consisting of 36 with successful and 26 with unsuccessful outcomes, were included in the study. Mean age was 37.7 ± 8.9 years, and body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) was 26.9 ± 2.3. We compared clinical characteristics (age, BMI, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS]), sleep (sleep efficiency, stage non–rapid eye movement [N]1, N2, N3, rapid eye movement, and arousal index [ArI]), respiratory (apnea index [AI], apnea‐hypopnea index [AHI], and minimum arterial oxygen saturation [SaO2]), and CPC (high‐frequency coupling [HFC], low frequency coupling [LFC], very–low‐frequency coupling, and elevated low‐frequency coupling [e‐LFC]) parameters between the success and nonsuccess groups before and after surgery. Surgical success was defined when the postoperative AHI was both <20 per hour and 50% of the preoperative value.ResultsSleep quality measured by CPC analysis improved significantly (HFC, P = .001; LFC, P = .002; e‐LFC, P = .003), along with parallel reduction in ESS, respiratory parameters (AHI, AI, minimum SaO2), and sleep fragmentation (ArI) in the group with surgical success after upper airway surgery.ConclusionsSuccessful upper airway surgery can improve objective sleep quality in adult patients with OSA. CPC metrics of sleep quality are potentially useful to monitor therapeutic responses during long‐term postoperative follow‐up, as the ECG‐based analysis is available as a standalone option outside laboratory polysomnography.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 125:1737–1742, 2015
Circadian variation of gentamicin toxicity in rats
Authors: McKinney William , Yonovitz Al , Smolensky Michael H. 
Published: February 2015

Objectives/HypothesisTwo undesired effects of the aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin are ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. This study investigated if these adverse effects vary according to the circadian time of its administration.Study DesignThis study entails laboratory animal research.MethodsFour groups of Sprague‐Dawley rats were synchronized to a 12:12 light/dark schedule. Each group receiving the antibiotic (100 mg/kg gentamicin sulfate) at a different circadian time. Auditory brainstem response was obtained at pretreatment and at 2, 4, and 6 weeks.ResultsAt all measured frequencies, hearing losses were significantly (P < .001) greater when gentamicin was administered during the diurnal rest span than the nighttime activity span. At 4 weeks, the average total hearing loss, quantified by elevation of threshold values over the tested auditory frequencies, was 31.3 and 25.6 dB for the 2 hours after lights on (HALO) and 8 HALO groups, respectively. The loss progressed at 6 weeks to 42.5 (2 HALO) and 37.5 (8 HALO) dB. At 6 weeks, the 14 and 20 HALO groups had losses of 17.5 and 26.3 dB, respectively. Trough serum gentamicin concentration significantly (P < .01) increased during treatment, being the highest at 4 weeks. Urine urea nitrogen 24‐hour levels of the 2 and 8 HALO groups differed significantly (P < .01) from the 14 and 20 HALO groups.ConclusionsOtotoxicity was greater when gentamicin was administered during their diurnal rest than during nocturnal activity. A dosing paradigm may be used to deliver a lower therapeutic antimicrobial concentration during the nighttime rest period when the studied adverse effects are of highest risk.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 125:E252–E256, 2015
Development of the ex vivo laryngeal model of phonation
Authors: Howard N. Scott , Mendelsohn Abie H. , Berke Gerald S. 
Published: February 2015

Objectives/HypothesisThe direct study of human phonation is limited by the invasive and painful nature of human laryngeal neuromuscular manipulation. As a platform for the study of human phonation, indirect models have been utilized for decades such as animal, cadaveric, and computational. We sought to develop a research method allowing direct scientific control of virtually living larynges to expand our ability to understand human phonation.Study DesignCanine and porcine models.MethodsNineteen canine larynges were surgically removed and reperfused with progressively adapting methodologies to create ex vivo phonation.ResultsFull neuromuscular stimulation and phonation were ultimately achieved in the ex vivo larynx. As compared with alternative perfusate solutions, heparinized whole blood was found to result in the most robust neuromuscular response. Modification of the reperfusion technique from a continuous flow to a pulsatile pump system resulted in dramatic increases in neuromuscular response and longevity of the organ. The experimental findings were repeated to demonstrate reliability of the ex vivo model.ConclusionsThe ex vivo larynx model is demonstrated to be a repeatable platform for phonatory research. The process of development has been comprehensively described in the present report. Although the described experimental model was designed for phonatory research, this model can be readily adapted for investigations of organ transplant preservation techniques, effects of organ ischemia, and neuromuscular reinnervation capabilities.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 125:1414–1419, 2015
Transsphenoidal surgery and diabetes mellitus: An analysis of inpatient data and complications
Authors: Pines Morgan J. , Raikundalia Milap D. , Svider Peter F. , Baredes Soly , Liu James K. , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: February 2015

Objectives/HypothesisTranssphenoidal surgery (TSS) has emerged as the standard approach for pituitary resection due to its minimally invasive nature. There has been little analysis examining the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on patients undergoing TSS. In this study, we characterize DM's association with postoperative TSS complications. In addition to analysis of associated charges and patient demographics, we performed comparison of complication rates between DM and non‐DM patients who have undergone TSS in recent years.MethodsThe Nationwide Inpatient Sample, a database encompassing nearly 8 million inpatient hospitalizations, was evaluated for patients undergoing TSS from 2002 to 2010.ResultsOf 12,938 TSS patients, 2,173 (16.8%) had a DM diagnosis. The non‐DM cohort was younger (50.1 y ± 16.6SD vs. 56.8 y ± 14.1; P < 0.001) and had shorter hospitalizations and lesser charges. DM patients had a greater incidence of pulmonary, cardiac, urinary/renal, and fluid/electrolyte complications, and had a lesser incidence of diabetes insipidus (P < 0.05). Upon controlling for age, the greater incidence of pulmonary and fluid/electrolyte complications was present only among patients < 60 years of age. Higher occurrence of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea was noted among black diabetics when compared to non‐DM blacks.ConclusionsDM is associated with greater length of stay and hospital charges among TSS patients. DM patients undergoing TSS have a significantly greater incidence of pulmonary and fluid/electrolyte complications among patients under the age of 60, and greater risk for urinary/renal complications across all ages. Despite a theoretical concern due to an impaired wound‐healing in DM patients, association with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea was only noted among black diabetics.Level of Evidence2C. Laryngoscope, 125:2273–2279, 2015
Tacrolimus prevents laryngotracheal stenosis in an acute‐injury rat model
Authors: Mizokami Daisuke , Araki Koji , Tanaka Nobuaki , Suzuki Hiroshi , Tomifuji Masayuki , Yamashita Taku , Matsushita Kazuyuki , Shimada Hideaki , Shiotani Akihiro 
Published: February 2015

Objectives/HypothesisAcquired laryngotracheal stenosis is a challenging problem for otolaryngologists. Several studies suggest tacrolimus may inhibit post‐transplant airway stenosis that occurs with coronary drug‐eluting stents. The objective of the present study was to determine whether tacrolimus modulates wound healing of the airway mucosa and prevents laryngotracheal stenosis in an acute injury animal model.Study DesignBasic science.MethodsThe laryngotracheal mucosa of rats was scraped with a nylon brush through the tracheostoma. Tacrolimus (0.2 mg/kg or 1.0 mg/kg) was systemically administered intramuscularly for 5 days. Nine days after scraping, the pathological changes and the degree of stenosis were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining or by immunohistochemical staining for nuclear factor of activated T cell and interleukin 2.ResultsLumen stenosis resulted from hyperplasia of the airway epithelium and a thickened submucosal layer with extensive fibrosis, angiogenesis, and collagen deposition. There was a significant preventive effect on airway stenosis at the tracheal and cricoid levels in the low‐dose (0.2 mg/kg) tacrolimus‐treated animals, compared to the untreated animals (P < .05). This effect was insignificant with treatment by high‐dose tacrolimus (1.0 mg/kg). Immunohistochemistry showed that, after tacrolimus treatment, the expressions of nuclear factor of activated T cell and interleukin 2 were downregulated in submucosal fibroblasts, neovascular cells, and glandular cells.ConclusionsThis study suggests that low‐dose systemic tacrolimus has a preventive effect on laryngotracheal stenosis by inhibiting the activation of immune cells in the injured airway mucosa via the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cell/interleukin 2 pathway.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 125:E210–E215, 2015