bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on Overvoltage Caused by Long Cable of Converter
Authors: Lin Canxin , Hao Linzhao , Yan Qiyan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Due to the impact of energy crisis and environmental pollution, wind power generation has developed rapidly as a clean and renewable energy source. The direct drive wind power system has attracted the attention of the country and wind power enterprises due to its simple structure and good reliability. This article conducts in-depth analysis on the overvoltage generated at the input end of the converter in the direct drive wind power generation system, and concludes that there are two reasons for the overvoltage: (1) there is a certain stray inductance in the direct drive wind power generation system. When the IGBT inside the converter is turned off too frequently, the induced electromotive force generated at both ends of the converter overlaps with the DC voltage, resulting in overvoltage pulses; (2) The long cable connection between the converter and the generator causes voltage reflection and generates overvoltage at the converter end. Therefore, if not suppressed in a timely manner, it will cause damage to the converter and generator. In order to prevent overvoltage damage, this article designs a new filtering circuit at the input of the converter to suppress overvoltage. A simulation model is built using Matlab simulation software to verify the advantages and disadvantages of the new filtering circuit. Finally, a comparative analysis of its simulation waveform shows that the new filtering circuit effectively suppresses the overvoltage at the input end of the converter, And the low energy consumption and wide filtering range effectively protect the safe operation of the converter.
Particle Swarm Optimization-Based Variable Scale Asymmetric Stochastic Resonance Bearing Diagnostic Method
Authors: Xu Jiangye , Mi Honglin , Tang Hui 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A diagnostic method for bearing faults, centered around the extraction and identification of diagnostic signals, is introduced. This method utilizes a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to optimize a variable-scale asymmetric stochastic resonance (SR) framework. The PSO algorithm dynamically fine-tunes the parameters of the asymmetric stochastic resonance system to align more effectively with the demands of bearing fault diagnosis. An asymmetric factor-controlled potential function for the stochastic resonance system is established, using the Signal-to-Noise Ratio Improvement (A-SNRI) of the fault signal as the objective function for the optimization algorithm. The PSO algorithm is employed for global optimization to adjust the structural parameters a
0, b
0 and the asymmetric factor of the asymmetric α bistable stochastic resonance system. Simulations and experimental validations are conducted using the optimized stochastic resonance system parameters, demonstrating the robustness and effectiveness of the algorithm through the extraction of fault characteristic frequencies. Experimental results indicate the proposed bearing fault diagnostic method can stably extract fault characteristic frequencies, effectively filter out noise, and the extracted fault frequencies align with theoretical values.
Research on the Method and Device for Judging the Position and Status of GIS Disconnectors
Authors: Ouyang Zeyu , Zhu Silin , Jiang Yanzeng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
When there is a mechanical defect in the isolation switch, its action process must be different from the normal state, and this difference will inevitably lead to changes in the working condition of the power source. Therefore, the mechanical state of the isolation switch can be determined by detecting the state quantity of the power source. This paper compares the power curves of the defect state and the normal mechanical state through simulation testing, and judges the mechanical state of the isolation switch based on the trend of power curve changes in different motion stages. Based on this technical route, an online monitoring device for the mechanical status of isolation switches has been developed, which can intelligently judge the mechanical status and opening/closing status of the tested isolation switch based on online monitoring data, quantitatively diagnose existing mechanical defects, and provide corresponding maintenance opinions, providing strong support for the installation, operation, maintenance, and quality judgment of high-voltage isolation switches.
Closed-loop Control System Design of Wind Rope Hoisting of Transmission Tower
Authors: Li Gang , Liu Hu , Jing Wenchuan , Wang Tao , Yang Jian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The traditional wind rope (tricing pendant) hoisting method of power transmission towers mainly relies on manpower to observe the posture of the hanger and adjust the retraction and release speed of the control rope, so as to avoid the scraping of hanger and the assembled tower body. In this paper, the ADAMS/Cable modeling tool is used to establish the transmission tower hoisting dynamic model with the JC27151CG tower as the object, and the reasonable installation position of the tricing pendant retraction system is analyzed. And based on the reasonable installation position, the hoisting strategy and hoisting control system of JC27151CG tower are studied. The main control system hardware of the control device mainly includes Delta PLC, servo driver, AC contactor and DC relay. The main control program is divided into two modes, manual and automatic, with a closed-loop control servo motor system. The manual mode operates the servo motor through buttons to realize forward and reverse rotation. In automatic mode, the system intelligently adjusts the lifting speed and attitude according to the data of the navigation system to ensure a smooth and safe lifting process. The research outcomes not only offer novel theoretical perspectives and methods for the hoisting of power transmission towers but also provide robust technical support for practical engineering operations.
Real-time FPGA Implementation of an Optic Flow Algorithm Suitable for Background Oriented Schlieren Technique
Authors: Wang Tianhao , Luo Donggen , Lu Meina , Wang Yi , Mei Haiping , Yu Xinyu , Chi Gaojun , Qiu Zhenwei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
To meet the demands of real-time displacement detection in embedded systems, a real-time optical flow calculation method suitable for background oriented schlieren (BOS) technology was transplanted and implemented on an Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA) system. Firstly, through the analysis of different optical flow operation characteristics and the comparison of processing results in MATLAB with actual experimental data, an optical flow algorithm suitable for real-time processing of background shadow images was selected. Subsequently, by using hardware pipelining and multimodule parallel processing, the single-layer L&K optical flow algorithm was transplanted onto the FPGA and algorithm optimization was performed to achieve real-time optical flow calculation based on adjacent frame images. The key optimization techniques in this paper mainly include cleverly designing Double-Data-Rate Three Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (DDR3) memory partitioning read and write logic to avoid image read and write conflicts; ensuring the timing alignment and data synchronization of consecutive frames by using burst read arbitration modules and two independent First In First Out (FIFO) buffers; and in optical flow calculation, constructing a 3×3 window using a shifting FIFO method to effectively save cache resources and improve computational speed. Experimental results show that the system can achieve real-time processing speeds of not less than 60fps for 1024×768 resolution images, meeting the requirements of practical applications.
One Pot Facile Bio-Synthesis of Anti-angiogenic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Using the Bio-Reductant Sida spinosa
Authors: Arun Joseph Rosario A. , Alphonsa Juliet Helina JK. , Arun Subramonian A. R. , Jabeen Patricia A. , Jayakumar A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Owing to the superior characteristics of the iron oxide nanoparticles Fe2O3 (SS-Fe) attracted a lot of attentions in various applications due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Moreover, due to their excellent surface area, compatible nano size spherical shape and ecofriendly synthesis route make them preferable and prudent in industrial and pharmacological applications. Based on this view, it aims to the bio-fabrication of iron oxide nanoparticles Fe2O3 (SS-Fe) by Sida spinosa extract as bio-reductant and stabilizing agent. The reports reveal that the nanoparticles have effective pharmacological applications. Highly economical and environmentally benign methodology supports the derivation of Fe2O3 (SS-Fe) nanoparticles in high yield. The SEM images reveals that, Fe2O3 (SS-Fe) nanoparticles possess spherical shape and the size of 81.72nm. The corresponding Fe-O band observed at 560.93 cm−1 indicates the formation of the nanoparticles. The EDX signals further confirms the nanoparticles by the peaks obtained for iron and oxygen atoms only. The absorbance peak at 374.00nm in UV-Visible spectrum evidently proves the synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles. The λex = 645.18nm of the emission spectrum further supports the confirmation. The fabricated iron oxide nanoparticles show moderate antibacterial and a good antifungal efficacy. The iron oxide nanoparticles effectively inhibit the protein supply to the cancer cells which were injected to the egg yolk at 50µg/ml concentration gives 60.86% of inhibition.
Design and Optimization of Herbal Formulations in Silver Nanoparticles to Enhance Wound Healing Activity
Authors: Kumar M. , Kurup Meena , Jayaprakash J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Wound healing is a biological process that involves a series of consecutive process, and its impairment can lead to chronic wounds and various complications. Recently, there has been a growing interest in employing nanotechnology to enhance wound healing. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have expanded significant attention due to their wide range of applications in the medical field. The advantages of AgNPs include their easy synthesis, change their shape, and high surface area. Silver nanoparticles are very efficient for topical drug administration and wound healing because of their high ratio of surface area to volume. A distinguishing sign of a blessure is the disruption of the epidermal integrity of the skin. Generally speaking, the body’s natural defense against injury is wound healing. Bruised wounds may result in more difficult-to-treat, chronic wounds. Here the use of ethanolic extract of S. alternata and A. indica, silver-nanoparticles were obtained for the research. It has been tested if these nanoparticles are effective in both laboratory conditions and animals. The characterization of nanoparticles plays an important character, and it is accomplished through the use of several characterization methods such as UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Both ethanol distillate products include bioactive secondary metabolites according to traditional phytochemical analyses and GC-MS. Two Methanol extracts were used in the metal reduction method to obtain biosynthesize silver nanoparticles. Testing the in-vitro cytotoxic and wound closure properties of methanol silver nano-particlesis done. To create transdermal patches, silver methanol nanoparticles from S. alternata and A. Indica were used. Transdermal patches made of silver ethanol nanoparticles were used in an in vivo investigation to help treat wounds. Sitosterol, cyclobarbital, 4-ethylbenzoic acid, antra-9,10-quinone, 2-p-nitrophenyl-oxadiazol-1,3,4-one-5, and butylparaben are secondary bioactives of S. Alternata ethanol, according to a phytochemical analysis. The ethanolextract from A. indica also demonstrates that both methanol-based silver nanoparticles with L6 cells have excellent migration properties after 24 hours. In the F2 formulation, both ethanolic silver NP transdermal patches offer excellent drug leasing properties. Live research on wound healing has shown that the F2 formulation improves wound healing compared to conventional medications. The size of the animal wounds completely decreased after 14 days in comparison to the usual medication dosage. As a result, transdermal patches based on silver-nanoparticles in methanol are unquestionably a great way to treat wounds. The suggested formulation aids in improving wound therapy by including many bioactive phytocomponents.
Biological activities of gaba-producing probiotics from fermented panchagavya
Authors: Varsha M P , Thamarai Selvi B 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Panchagavya, a venerable elixir from the Ayurvedic tradition, merits scholarly inspection. It denotes the sacred offerings of cow’s milk, urine, dung, ghee and curd, holding medicinal import within Ayurveda’s ancient practices. This study aims to illuminate differences between probiotic variants V2 and V7, through findings on their pharmacological applications and biochemical concentrations. It is proposed that fermented panchagavya’s psychobiotic strains may exhibit favorable reactions worth examining. Chiefly, the organic synthesis of neurotransmitters by beneficial bacteria is of interest. The regulatory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) could potentially be generated by a panchagavya-derived probiotic. Through serial dilution culture of bacteria obtained from fermented panchagavya, their growth and GABA formation, as evaluated by thin-layer chromatography and ultraviolet-visible spectrometric analysis, are observed. Strain V2 demonstrates promising pharmacological properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects, as well as inhibition of albumin denaturation and heat-induced hemolysis. It presents a higher concentration of such activities than V7. Biochemical tests further indicate V2’s larger percentage of GABA synthesis, supporting prospective therapeutic applications. After sequencing selected strains to explore psychobiotic functioning, their isolation holds medical import as GABA-producing beneficial bacteria from fermented panchagavya.
Optimal Power Extraction for PMSG based WTG through monotonous Power Increments
Authors: Renjith A. , Selvam P. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Due to the uncertainty in the cost of fossil fuels due to various reasons, its depleting trend in reserves and the consequential pollution caused due to its usage forced to enhance the usage of renewable energy sources. As the characteristic behavior of the renewable energy extraction systems are exhibiting non-linear characteristic, it is quite cumbersome to extract power from the renewable systems in a straight forward manner. In the case of wind energy systems, the change in wind speed through the day makes the extraction of power still more difficult. Hence, different algorithms with the intention of extracting maximum possible available power are implemented. Different algorithms are already available whose behavior depends on the various parameters to be measured and controlled. In this paper one such algorithm, which is simple in nature is proposed. The algorithm takes the benefit of the monotonicity of power with respect to the wind turbine’s spinning speed. The algorithm senses the power increments in conjunction with the increments in turbine speed and implements further increment magnitude in such a manner to reach the maximum power point.
Efficient fabrication of 3D bioprinted functional sensory neurons using an inducible Neurogenin-2 human pluripotent stem cell line
Authors: St Clair-Glover Mitchell , Finol-Urdaneta Rocio K , Maddock Marnie , Wallace Eileen , Miellet Sara , Wallace Gordon , Yue Zhilian , Dottori Mirella 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) tissue models have gained recognition for their improved ability to mimic the native cell microenvironment compared to traditional two-dimensional models. This progress has been driven by advances in tissue-engineering technologies such as 3D bioprinting, a promising method for fabricating biomimetic living tissues. While bioprinting has succeeded in generating various tissues to date, creating neural tissue models remains challenging. In this context, we present an accelerated approach to fabricate 3D sensory neuron (SN) structures using a transgenic human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-line that contains an inducible Neurogenin-2 (NGN2) expression cassette. The NGN2 hPSC line was first differentiated to neural crest cell (NCC) progenitors, then incorporated into a cytocompatible gelatin methacryloyl-based bioink for 3D bioprinting. Upregulated NGN2 expression in the bioprinted NCCs resulted in induced SN (iSN) populations that exhibited specific cell markers, with 3D analysis revealing widespread neurite outgrowth through the scaffold volume. Calcium imaging demonstrated functional activity of iSNs, including membrane excitability properties and voltage-gated sodium channel (Na
V
) activity. This efficient approach to generate 3D bioprinted iSN structures streamlines the development of neural tissue models, useful for the study of neurodevelopment and disease states and offering translational potential.
An orbital angular momentum assisted extended reach CPDM-Ro-FSO system under diverse weather instabilities
Authors: Ghatwal Shakshi , Saini Himanshi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
An orbital angular momentum (OAM)-assisted 640 Gbps circular polarization division multiplexing (CPDM) based extended reach radio over free space optical (Ro-FSO) system is presented in this research paper. For the data modulation, a highly spectrum efficient 256-quadrature amplitude modulation (256-QAM) is employed and proposed system is investigated in the presence of diverse weather instabilities such as clear weather, haze, and rain. CPDM is a highly advanced method that dominates linear PDM (LPDM) since it does not need polarization axis alignment and scattering light is distributed uniformly. For the implementation of OAM, the same wavelength channel has been assigned Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) modes such as LG0,0 and LG13,0, respectively. The detailed performance comparisons of OAM beams and right/left circular polarization states (R/L CPS) are conducted at varied Ro-FSO link lengths using digital signal processing (DSP)-enabled receivers in terms of quality factor (Q-factor) and bit error rate (BER). The proposed system is competent to cover a 45 km distance under clear weather carrying an 80 GHz RF signal, 10 km under haze, and 4 km under the rain with the highest Q factor for all weathers at LG0,0 right circular polarization state (RCPS). Further, a mathematical modelling of the proposed system is presented, and pointing errors are investigated in Optisystem version 20. Results revealed that higher symbol error rates (SERs) can be discernible at higher misalignments between the FSO transmitter and receiver. After conducting a comprehensive literature survey, it is observed that the presented system has covered the maximum distance at 640 Gbps capacity using OAM and CPDM.
Statistics of Lyapunov exponent in random Fibonacci multilayer
Authors: Falcone Pasquale , Moretti Luigi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We numerically investigated the localization properties of band-gap and band-edge modes in a one-dimensional random Fibonacci optical multilayer. The statistics of the Lyapunov exponent (LE) reveal distinct behaviors of localization effects for band-edge and band-gap modes as function of disorder strength. In particular, a deviation from the single parameter scaling theory (SPST) of localization was observed within a frequency window corresponding to the band-gap of an ordered Fibonacci multilayer. Different band-gaps show different SPST dynamics. To provide a physical explanation for the violation of SPST, a close correlation between the frequency distribution of the resonant modes in the band-gap and the variance of the LE has been found. The spatial distribution of resonant modes has been reported and discussed. Finally, the dynamics of the gap closing of the two main band-gaps as function of the disorder strength has been analyzed.
Fast lipid vesicles and dielectric particles migration using thermal-gradient-induced forces
Authors: Jiang Zilin , Sun Yixin , Gao Yifei , Xu Lilun , Kotsifaki Domna G 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Lipid vesicles are small biological particles that can be used for both targeted drug delivery systems and clinical studies. Their optical manipulation, however, is limited by the small difference in refractive indices with the surrounding medium, as well as the requirement for high laser trapping powers. In this work, we combine gradient force and thermal forces to deliver and trap individual lipid vesicles with low-trapping laser powers. The total optothermal force exerted on liposomes causes them to migrate rapidly toward the laser focus with a high average migration velocity of 1.77 µm s−1 under 7.3% w/v polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentration and low trapping laser power of 1 mW. A high normalized experimental trap stiffness of 0.88 (pN µm) mW−1 was obtained at 7.3% w/v PEG/water solution. This work may open new ways for bioparticle sorting and manipulation with potential applications in cellular studies, drug delivery, biosensing, and medicine.
Introduction
Authors: McCourt David 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This introductory chapter sets up the book’s major puzzle, the decline and fall of Engagement with Beijing and Moscow. What explains Engagement’s end? The chapter explores prevailing explanations: that Engagement failed, that the Trump administration was anti-China, and that the shifting balance of global power from West to East made inevitable a hardening of America’s policy toward China and Russia. Against these explanations, this book foregrounds the struggles—at once political, professional, and personal—among America’s China and Russia watchers. The chapter describes the methods deployed in the book, principally a set of 170 original with members of America’s China and Russia expert communities.
Professional Status Oppositions and the Wisdom of Engagement
Authors: McCourt David 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
At first blush, the debate over engagement/Engagement is simply one over ideas: Chinese intentions, the meaning of changes in China, and the wisdom of previous U.S. policies. Yet the debate is also a struggle over professional investments, affiliations, and dispositions. This chapter sketches a broad distinction between those defending the need for “nuance” versus those promoting conviction and a more black-and-white view. These positions are traced to professional bases: former diplomats and academics, in the first place, military strategists, promoters of human rights, and those hoping to enter government, in the latter. The chapter first analyzes the frustration of those who feel the China debate has narrowed to one focused only on military-security aspects of the relationship. It then explores the views of former critics of Engagement who previously felt ignored because they lacked the language skills, and academic and government credentials, of their Engager counterparts.