bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain and Critical Thinking in Education: A Bibliometric Review and Wordcloud Analysis
Authors: Sesrita Afridha , Supena Asep , Sumatri Mohamad Syarif , Gumelar Gumgum , Wibowo Firmanul Catur 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article uses data from the Scopus database for bibliometric review and wordcloud analysis visualization of publications related to Brain and Critical Thinking in Education (BCTE). The study highlights the importance of the brain in the learning process and critical thinking, as well as identifying research trends, key topics, and geographic distribution of authors over the decade 2013-2023. With a focus on English-language publications, the study reveals that "critical thinking" is the most frequently cited topic, with the United States as the most significant contributor. This analysis also suggests the need for further research that integrates brain-based learning with critical thinking to improve students' critical thinking and 21st-century skills in education. Understanding how the brain works will enable educators to design a comprehensive learning plan, including teaching materials, implementation, media, models, strategies, approaches, and appropriate methods, to achieve learning goals.AbstrakArtikel ini menggunakan data dari database Scopus untuk review bibliometrik dan visualisasi analisis wordcloud dari publikasi terkait Brain and Critical Thinking in Education (BCTE). Studi tersebut menyoroti pentingnya otak dalam proses pembelajaran dan berpikir kritis, serta mengidentifikasi tren penelitian, topik utama, dan distribusi geografis penulis selama dekade 2013-2023. Dengan fokus pada publikasi berbahasa Inggris, penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa “berpikir kritis” adalah topik yang paling sering dikutip, dengan Amerika Serikat sebagai kontributor paling signifikan. Analisis ini juga menyarankan perlunya penelitian lebih lanjut yang mengintegrasikan pembelajaran berbasis otak dengan berpikir kritis untuk meningkatkan pemikiran kritis siswa dan keterampilan abad 21 dalam bidang pendidikan. Memahami cara kerja otak akan memungkinkan pendidik merancang rencana pembelajaran yang komprehensif, meliputi bahan ajar, pelaksanaan, media, model, strategi, pendekatan, dan metode yang tepat, untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. How to Cite: Sesrita, A., Supena, A., Sumantri, M. S., Gumelar, G., & Wibowo, F. C. (2024). Brain and Critical Thinking in Education: A Bibliometric Review and Wordcloud Analysis. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 11(1), 65-80. doi:10.15408/tjems.v11i1.40506.
State Oppression, Fear, and Helplessness in Hungarian Political Jokes, 1963-1989
Authors: Zách Lili 
Published: August 2024

This study explores the social and psychological functions of humour in totalitarian societies, and traces how political jokes in Hungary between 1963 and 1989 may contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the link between state oppression and human rights. By analysing jokes that mocked the General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers’ Party, János Kádár (1956–1988), or addressed the violence and fear in Hungary and the Eastern bloc, this study highlights the changing functions of political jokes in the aftermath of the 1956 Revolution. It analyses the tone, subject, and main aims of the jokes after the 1963 General Amnesty that aimed to serve as a compromise between the Communist state and Hungarian society. The abundance of jokes revealing human rights concerns in the collections of ethnographer Imre Katona illustrates how laughter flourished in repressive societies given the everyday need to navigate through the absurdity of the system.
The main goal of the present study is to demonstrate the multifaceted nature of humour, with special attention to how individuals’ freedom of opinion remained restricted even after the Stalinist terror of Mátyás Rákosi (1948–1956) had been replaced by Kádár’s ‘soft dictatorship’ in the mid-1960s. Despite this shift, the civil population in Communist Hungary could still not openly criticise its leaders or their policies. Fear and helplessness proved to be central features of the Hungarian People’s Republic that remained a dictatorship until 1989 and continued to limit individuals’ human rights. This study emphasises how despite these circumstances, sharing jokes could be linked to resilience due to their potential to provide a sense of control and agency.
Experience of using Beers criteria in clinical practice (according to Russian literature)
Authors: Cherniaeva M. S. , Rozhkova M. A. , Kazakova M. V. , Egorova L. A. , Maslennikova O. M. , Lebedev G. S. , Lomakin N. V. , Sychev D. A. 
Published: August 2024

Objective: analysis of domestic scientific literature to identify ways of applying the Beers criteria, frequency of prescriptions and the structure of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) in elderly patients.Material and methods. The search for publications was carried out in Google Scholar abstract database, as wel as in eLibrary and CyberLeninka information-bearing networks for the period from 2013 to 2023. In total, 34 articles were found, among which 18 sources used Beers criteria as a tool for identifying PIMs.Results. In inpatient therapeutic departments, the maximum frequency of PIMs prescriptions according to the Beers criteria was 66.6% of cases, in surgical departments – 70%, in psychiatric departments – 90.4%, and in outpatient treatment settings – 28%. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at different diseases were the most prescribed group of PIMs in both inpatients and outpatients. Surgical hospitals took the leading position in prescribing these drugs; specifically, more than 2/3 of elderly patients (75%) received them. According to two studies describing clinical cases of drug-induced falls in patients, the Beers criteria were effective in identifying drugs that can provoke this condition. One of papers presented application of Beers criteria to assess the economic affordability of replacing PIMs with safer new generation drugs.Conclusion. An analysis of domestic literature data has shown various ways of applying the Beers criteria, the frequency of prescriptions, and the most common PIMs. This information will help healthcare workers to be more wary of such drugs and think over applying the Beers criteria in routine practice of geriatric patients, which will further prevent or reduce the number of adverse drug reactions.
“A CONTEMPLAR EMULDECIDA AS REFULGENTES HISTÓRIAS DE SEU PASSADO DE TRIUNFOS”:
Authors: Mecenas Ane 
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo busca analisar os fazeres historiográficos de Luiz José da Costa Filho ao longo dos dois primeiros decênios do século XX, por meio dos textos publicados em jornais aracajuanos entre os anos de 1907 e 1917. O intelectual contribuiu ao propor uma concepção de história articulada com os fazeres e com as demandas oriundas das experiências vivenciadas em solo nacional. Um fazer que implicava não somente na contemplação dos resquícios do passado, mas, notadamente, no exercício de encontrar sentido na ordenação do passado e na problematização acerca da condição do patrimônio.
Palavras-chave: Luiz José da Costa Filho, intelectual, história, patrimônio.
QUATRO DÉCADAS EM MOVIMENTO
Authors: Pacheco Rodrigues João Paulo 
Published: August 2024

No ano em que celebra 40 anos de carreira, Madonna Louise Ciccone, mais conhecida apenas como Madonna continua a se reiventar. Nesse artigo faremos uma reflexão sobre a produção videográfica da cantora, destacando cinco vídeos: "Material Girl", "Like a Prayer", "Erotica", "Hung Up" e "Dark Ballet, que mostram as varias facetas da cantora POP. Desde o início da MTV até as atuais plataformas digitais, Madonna tem sido uma figura central na definição do conceito de videoclipes. A Rainha do Pop transformou o clipe de um simples instrumento promocional em uma expressão artística por si só, rompendo com convenções, gerando polêmicas e impactando gerações com suas produções visuais.
On Subjectivity and Objectivity in the Semiotic Inquiry of Music
Authors: Ojala Juha 
Published: August 2024

This article juxtaposes the subjective and the objective in the study of musical signification. It makes an attempt at a vicious core problem of notions that are general in their essence and prevalence. The interest is driven by general trends challenging the position of research in music, semiotics, and humanities. The problem persists, for instance, in Western art music (WAM), where the performer has the task of assessing the composer’s objectives and mediating them, but with a subjective interpretation, for the breadth of the audience to experience.
The gist is that the juxtaposition is a false dichotomy, resolving to moderation, as the absolute objectiveness is mollified by fallibility of inquiry and the absolute subjectiveness by the shared embodied experience of the world. This is elaborated based on classical and current pragmatist conceptions of inquiry, semiosis, embodiment, hard and soft facts, and cognitive metaphors, addressing the body-mind and the body-social problem.
Exploratory survey study on adjunctive use of medical cannabis for Gaucher disease
Authors: Berman Yehoshua , Ely Robin , Scher Yosef Y. , Weinreb Neal J. 
Published: August 2024

Aims : Using an investigator-designed survey tool to confirm that adult patients with type 1 Gaucher disease (GD1) often self-prescribe cannabis products to try to alleviate symptoms such as lingering fatigue, chronic bone and joint pain, loss of energy, anxiety, and depression that persist despite enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) or substrate restriction therapy (SRT). Additionally, to explore whether patient reports of symptom relief and adverse side effects relate to frequency and duration of cannabis use.
Methods : We conducted an anonymous, cross-sectional questionnaire study to elicit GD1 patient-reported experiences with cannabis used to alleviate symptoms they attributed to their underlying disease. Eligible participants included individuals with GD1 aged ≥ 18 years, regardless of sex, gender, country of residence, ethnicity, state of health or GD1 treatment status. The questions included basic socio-demography (n = 9), GD diagnosis and pre-treatment signs and symptoms (n = 16), GD treatment information (n = 9), current GD symptoms (n = 12), concurrent manifestations of Parkinson’s disease (n = 6), details of cannabis use (n = 24), perceived effect of cannabis on symptoms (n = 13), and interest in participating in future studies (n = 2).
Results: 159 GD1 adults (81.5% US) responded to advertisements on patient online sites or to informational posts in advocacy group newsletters. The most frequent pre-treatment symptoms were fatigue (83.8%), bone or joint pain (79.7%), and bleeding problems (73.0%). Hemostasis substantially improved, but pain, achiness, fatigue, and anxiety often persisted. Sixty-two respondents (39%) reported very heterogeneous cannabis use. There was a positive association between the severity of persistent symptoms and the likelihood of cannabis use. Cannabis users reported improvements in muscle pain (84.3%), bone pain (82.4%), joint pain (82.4%), anxiety (70.6%), and general achiness (66.7%). However, moderate and extreme bone manifestations, fatigue, breathing problems, memory loss, and episodic dyscoordination were more prevalent among frequent users of inhaled cannabis than among non-users.
Conclusion: Our results justify further investigations to determine the efficacy and safety of cannabis specifically for GD1 patients. Although randomized controlled trials would be optimal, well-designed observational GD registry studies may be a more practical approach. Although some patients may be reluctant to talk openly with their doctors about cannabis, they should routinely be queried about such use by primary care physicians and GD specialists who, in turn, must be able to provide informed guidance on safety, dosage, and potential interactions with other medications the patient is using.
Management of Dorsal Bunion in Nonambulatory Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Van de Velde Samuel K. , Graham H. Kerr , Ye Ken , Chambers Henry , Rutz Erich 
Published: August 2024

Background:
A dorsal bunion may occur in nonambulatory adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) and a Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level of IV or V. The deformity can cause pain, skin breakdown, and difficulty wearing shoes and braces. A consensus on the biomechanics and surgical management of dorsal bunions in persons with severe CP has not been established.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study included 23 nonambulatory adolescents with CP, GMFCS level IV or V, and symptomatic dorsal bunions requiring surgery. The median age at surgery was 17 years, and the median follow-up was 56 months. Reconstructive surgery included the excision of a 2 to 3-cm segment of the tibialis anterior tendon to correct the elevation of the first metatarsal. The fixed deformity of the first metatarsophalangeal joint was managed with use of corrective arthrodesis and dorsal plate fixation. Clinical and radiographic outcomes were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively at the transition to adult services.

Results:
There were significant improvements in the clinical and radiographic outcome measures (p < 0.001). Pain was relieved, and there were no further episodes of skin breakdown. The elevation of the first metatarsal was corrected from a mean of 3° of dorsiflexion to a mean of 19° of plantar flexion. The deformity of the first metatarsophalangeal joint was corrected from a mean of 55° of plantar flexion to a mean of 21° of dorsiflexion. Six patients had complications, all of which were grade I or II according to the modified Clavien-Dindo system.

Conclusions:
The surgical reconstruction of a dorsal bunion via soft-tissue rebalancing of the first ray and corrective arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint resulted in favorable medium-term clinical and radiographic outcomes in nonambulatory adolescents with CP.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Peran Kepemimpinan Pembelajaran Kepala Sekolah Melalui Transformasi Digital Pasca Pandemi Di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Nurrochman Taufik , Darsinah Darsinah , Wafroaturrohmah Wafroaturrohmah 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang peran kepemimpinan pembelajaran kepala sekolah melalui transformasi digital pasca pandemi di sekolah dasar, mulai dari peran kepemimpinan pembelajaran kepala sekolah sebagai educator, manajerial, supervisor, dan motivator. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, dan guru. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SD Negeri 1 Manggung. Sumber data menggunakan peristiwa, arsip dan dokumen. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Model analisis data menggunakan metode analisis data tertata dalam situs untuk deskripsi. Uji keabsahan data menggunakan uji kredibilitas yang dilakukan dengan triangulasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbaiki dan meningkatkan kompetensi digital guru pada pembelajaran di sekolah dasar melalui peran kepemimpinan pembelajaran kepala sekolah dan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis kendala yang timbul, berdasarkan data-data yang telah disiapkan dan hasil diskusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan peran kepemimpinan pembelajaran kepala sekolah melalui transformasi digital sudah berjalan dengan baik, mulai peran sebagai educator dengan melakukan pelatihan dan webinar bagi guru, selain itu peran sebagai manajerial dengan pengadaan sarana-prasarana pendukung, peran sebagai supervisor dengan pengawasan dan bimbingan pembelajaran berbasis digital bagi guru, dan yang terakhir peran sebagai motivator dengan memberikan dorongan dan motivasi baik material maupun non-material.
Kata Kunci: Kepemimpinan Pembelajaran, Kepala Sekolah, Transformasi digital.
Sample collecting methods for bacterial community structure analysis of scalp hair: non-invasive swabbing versus invasive hair shaft cutting
Authors: Watanabe Kota , Yamada Azusa , Masuda Hao , Kashiwazaki Eri , Nakayama Shunichi , Kadokura Toshimori , Sakai Kenji , Tashiro Yukihiro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Human skin samples for microbiome analysis are traditionally collected using a non-invasive swabbing method. Here, we compared the differences in bacterial community structures on scalp hair and scalps with samples collected using non-invasive swabbing and invasive cut scalp hair shaft methods in 12 individuals. Hair-related samples, such as hair shafts and hair swabs, had significantly higher alpha diversity than scalp swab samples, whereas there were no significant differences between hair shafts and hair swabs. The relative abundances of the three major phyla and five major operational taxonomic units were not significantly different between the hair shaft and hair swab samples. The principal coordinate analysis plots based on weighted UniFrac distances were grouped into two clusters: samples from hair-related areas and scalp swabs, and there were significant differences only between samples from hair-related areas and scalp swabs. In addition, a weighted UniFrac analysis revealed that the sampling site-based category was a statistical category but not a hair sampling method-based category. These results suggest that scalp hair bacteria collected using non-invasive swab sampling were comparable to those collected using invasive hair shaft sampling.
Experimental study of shear-driven film flows in aeroengine bearing chamber
Authors: xu yu , hu jianping , lv yaguo , liu zhenxia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In the thermal analysis of the aeroengine bearing chamber, it is necessary to study the flow characteristics of the oil film and grasp the change law of the flow state based on the thickness of the oil film. Therefore, based on the motion analysis of the oil film on the inner wall of the bearing chamber, an experimental study was carried out to analyze the thickness of the shear-driven liquid film. The experiment was carried out in a rectangular channel, and the moving oil film was driven by the shear of the air flow generated in the channel by stabilizing the air source and the oil film generating device. In the experiment, a high-speed camera and a laser displacement sensor were used to obtain images of the flow of the liquid film on the metal plate and the instantaneous film thickness. The experimental conditions refer to the high-speed bearing cavity test bench, the maximum air flow Reynolds number reaches (Rea) 51000, and the liquid film Reynolds number (Ref) ranges from 430 to 2149. By observing the influence of air flow on the fluctuating structure of the liquid film surface, the flow state of the liquid film was qualitatively analyzed. Based on the experimental data and the existing liquid film flow model, the liquid film thickness was predicted by combining the interfacial shear factor. In this paper, the dimensionless analysis method is used to compare the prediction results with the previous flow model, and the results show good agreement. The instantaneous thickness signal was processed by statistical methods, and the surface fluctuation characteristics of the liquid film were analyzed and compared, including the degree of surface fluctuation and spectral analysis. In addition, the surface fluctuation structure of the liquid film is discussed, including the relationship between the bottom liquid film, the average thickness value and the maximum value. The results show that the ratio of the maximum thickness of the liquid film to the average film thickness can reach 4.5. This means that under certain operating conditions, the average liquid film thickness does not reflect the flow state of the liquid film well. When analyzing the heat transfer relationship between the oil film and the wall surface, it is necessary to select the appropriate liquid film thickness parameters to study.
Text topic modeling via representation learning non-negative matrix factorization with semantic similarity
Authors: Xu Yang , Zhang Yueyi , Hu Jing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Topic models are instrumental in text mining, revealing discriminative and coherent latent topics. Fewer words in short texts lead to insufficient contextual information and produce a highly sparse document-word matrix. So traditional topic models struggle to effectively cluster short texts. Models incorporating global word co-occurrence introduce too much information when processing long texts, resulting in a decrease in convergence speed and poorer clustering accuracy. To overcome sparsity in short texts and the impact of word co-occurrence on long texts, we propose a representation learning non-negative matrix factorization with semantic similarity topic model for texts of varying lengths, named RL-NMF-SS. The proposed method incorporates word co-occurrence and text similarity as regularization constraints and adjusts the regularization parameters to improve the adaptability to different corpora. Meanwhile, factor matrices are initialized via representation learning (RL) to bolster clustering robustness and model convergence. Extensive experiments on real-world corpora of varying text lengths, experimental results demonstrate RL-NMF-SS's superior performance in topic coherence and clustering accuracy, and RL-based initialization strategies exhibit excellent convergence.
Nearly Barrierless Four-hole Water Oxidation Catalysis on Semiconductor Photoanodes with Highly Accumulated Surface Holes
Authors: Zhang Yuchao , Liu Siqin , Dang Kun , Wu Lei , Bai Shuming , Zhao Jincai 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The sluggish water oxidation reaction (WOR) is considered the kinetic bottleneck of artificial photosynthesis, due to the complicated four-electron and four-proton transfer process. Herein, we find that the WOR can be kinetically nearly barrierless on four representative photoanodes (i.e., α-Fe2O3, TiO2, WO3, and BiVO4) under the concentrated light irradiation, wherein the rate-limiting O − O bond formation step is driven by highly accumulated surface photo-generated holes that exhibit a superior fourth-order kinetics. The activation energy is quantitatively estimated by combining the population model with Eyring-like equation and is further confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The WOR rate under this condition shows more than one order of magnitude enhancement compared with that has 1st, 2nd or 3rd -order kinetics. Focusing on α-Fe2O3, the highly accumulated surface holes form adjacent FeV=O intermediates that effectively activate surface-adsorbed H2O molecules via hydrogen bonding effect as revealed by operando Raman measurements and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations. This work discloses a systematic understanding of the internal relations between activation energy and reaction orders of surface holes for future WOR study.