bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR‐21 represses FasL in microglia and protects against microglia‐mediated neuronal cell death following hypoxia/ischemia
Authors: Zhang Li , Dong Lian‐Yan , Li Ya‐Jian , Hong Zhen , Wei Wen‐Shi 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA growing body of evidence suggests that microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation contributes to many types of human disease, including central nervous system disorders. In this study, we identified an inverse correlation between the expression of miR‐21 and Fas ligand (FasL) during hypoxia‐induced microglial activation. Specifically, hypoxia caused the upregulation of FasL expression but the downregulation of miR‐21 expression in microglia. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR‐21 suppresses FasL production by directly binding to its 3′‐untranslated region. The overproduction of FasL following hypoxic microglial activation induced neuronal apoptosis, whereas the ectopic expression of miR‐21 partially protected neurons from cell death caused by hypoxia‐activated microglia. Finally, we confirmed that the function of miR‐21 in microglia‐mediated neuronal injury is dependent on FasL. Our study demonstrates an important role for miRNAs in microglia‐mediated neuronal apoptosis, and suggests potential novel therapeutic interventions for cerebral hypoxic diseases associated with microglial activation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Regulation of serum response factor by miRNA‐200 and miRNA‐9 modulates oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation
Authors: Buller Benjamin , Chopp Michael , Ueno Yuji , Zhang Li , Zhang Rui Lan , Morris Daniel , Zhang Yi , Zhang Zheng Gang 
Published: August 2012

AbstractSerum response factor (SRF) is a transcription factor that transactivates actin‐associated genes and has been implicated in oligodendrocyte (OL) differentiation. To date, it has not been investigated in cerebral ischemia. We investigated the dynamics of SRF expression after stroke in vivo and the role of SRF in OL differentiation in vitro. Using immunohistochemistry, we found that SRF was upregulated in OLs and OL precursor cells (OPCs) after stroke. Moreover, upregulation of SRF was concurrent with downregulation of the micro‐RNAs (miRNAs) miR‐9 and the miR‐200 family in the ischemic white matter region, the corpus callosum. Inhibition of SRF activation by CCG‐1423, a specific inhibitor of SRF function, blocked OPCs from differentiating into OLs. Overexpression of miR‐9 and miR‐200 in cultured OPCs suppressed SRF expression and inhibited OPC differentiation. Moreover, co‐expression of miR‐9 and miR‐200 attenuated activity of a luciferase reporter assay containing the Srf 3′ untranslated region. Collectively, this study is the first to show that stroke upregulates SRF expression in OPCs and OLs, and that SRF levels are mediated by miRNAs and regulate OPC differentiation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High‐throughput FTIR spectroscopy of intact HepG2 cells reveals additive and non‐additive effects of individual fatty acids when given as mixtures
Authors: Najbjerg Heidi , Young Jette F. , Bertram Hanne C. , Afseth Nils Kristian , Høst Vibeke , Kohler Achim 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn the present study we investigated the ability of high‐throughput FTIR spectroscopy in combination with multivariate data analysis to reveal if any combinatory effects of fatty acids in mixture are present in liver HepG2 cell cultures after three days of exposure. For this investigation we used an experimental mixture design containing three different octadecenoic acids (oleic acid: C18 : 1 cis‐ 9, elaidic acid: C18 : 1 trans‐ 9 and vaccenic acid: C18 : 1 trans‐ 11) of a total concentration of 100 μM. The results obtained revealed both additive and non‐additive effects of individual fatty acids when combined in mixtures. Furthermore, we demonstrate by use of scanning electron microscopy that cells are preserved as intact structures ensuring that FTIR measurements are obtained on whole cell keeping cell compounds in their natural surroundings during measurements. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Euro housing recovery: Why did it falter?
Authors: Ehrlich Michael 
Published: August 2012

AbstractLast year, the United States was suffering in the wake of the housing bubble. But in Europe, the housing market looked brighter. The Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) countries seemed to be recovering far more quickly. But that did not last. Over the past year, the European housing market abruptly declined. What went wrong? Why did the European housing recovery collapse?. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Kinetics of mould growth in the stored barley ecosystem contaminated with Aspergillus westerdijkiae, Penicillium viridicatum and Fusarium poae at 23–30 °C
Authors: Wawrzyniak Jolanta , Ryniecki Antoni , Gawrysiak‐Witulska Marzena 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Owing to the lack of a rapid method for determining fungi on cereals, the best way to enhance the safety and nutritive value of stored grain is to develop prognostic tools based on the relationship between easily measurable online parameters, e.g. water activity (aw) and temperature (t) of grain, and fungal growth. This study examined the effect of unfavourable temperature (23 and 30 °C) and humidity (0.80–0.94 aw) storage conditions on mould growth in the stored barley ecosystem with its adverse microbiological state provided by contamination with Aspergillus westerdijkiae, Penicillium viridicatum and Fusarium poae.RESULTS: Among the applied storage parameters, aw turned out to be the main factor affecting mould development. The longest lag phase and period of fungal activation were observed for grain with 0.80 aw, which was not threatened with fungal development for at least 30 days. However, in grain with 0.92 and 0.94 aw, fungal activation occurred within 24–48 h.CONCLUSION: The obtained data and the identification of critical points in mould growth may be used to develop a control system for the postharvest preservation of barley based on aw and temperature of grain, which are easy to measure in practice. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Secondary metabolites and antioxidant capacities of Waldheimia glabra (Decne.) Regel from Nepal
Authors: Giorgi Annamaria , Panseri Sara , Mattara Manuela S , Andreis Carlo , Chiesa Luca M 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: The phenolic content, volatile compound fingerprint and antioxidant capacity of Waldheimia glabra (Decne.) Regel (Asteraceae), a wild plant from the Himalayan mountains used in Sherpa religious rituals and in traditional medicine, were determined for the first time to investigate its suitability as a source of natural antioxidants.RESULTS: The total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of dried and powdered plants from two different altitudes (5000 and 5200 m above sea level) in Khumbu Valley, Nepal were estimated by the Folin–Ciocalteu and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical methods respectively. The volatile organic compound (VOC) fingerprints from leafing plants (in vivo and in situ VOC sampling) and from dried plant samples were evaluated by headspace solid phase microextraction. The results indicated that W. glabra was a good source of phenolics with antioxidant properties. A correlation between total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity was found (r2 = 0.9111). Seychellene, a volatile compound that characterises patchouli oil, was detected for the first time in a species of the Asteraceae family.CONCLUSION: Waldheimia glabra was proved to be a good source of antioxidants, partially supporting its traditional uses. Further studies aimed at deepening knowledge on W. glabra bioactivity and its possible uses will be of interest, considering the lack of proper scientific awareness regarding these aspects. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Metal Complexes of Amphoteric Cryogels Based on Allylamine and Methacrylic Acid
Authors: Tatykhanova Gulnur S. , Sadakbayeva Zhansaya K. , Berillo Dmitriy , Galaev Igor , Abdullin Khabib A. , Adilov Zheksenbek , Kudaibergenov Sarkyt E. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA series of macroporous amphoteric cryogels based on allylamine, methacrylic acid and acrylamide were synthesized by radical copolymerization of monomers in cryoconditions. The average molar composition of amphoteric cryogels was found from the potentiometric and conductimetric titration curves. The morphology of cryogels was evaluated by SEM. Cryogels are highly elastic and have continuous macroporous structure with 50–200 µm pores. The values of the isoelectric pH determined from the swelling experiments arranged between 3.5 and 4.3. Complexation of amphoteric with transition metal ions was studied. Cryogels with adsorbed copper, nickel, or cobalt ions have an intense colour due to formation of coordination and ionic bonds between metal ions and amine and/or carboxylic groups of cryogels. Metal ions entrapped within the pores of cryogels were reduced by treating aqueous solution of NaBH4. Formation of micron sized metals on the inner surface of cryogels was observed by SEM.
Block Copolymers of Polyacrilamide and Poly(ethylene oxide) as Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery: Micellization and Bulk Structure
Authors: Kunitskaya Larisa , Zheltonozhskaya Tatyana , Permyakova Nataliya 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe self‐assembly of diblock copolymers series (DBC) of polyacrylamide and methoxypoly(ethylen oxide) (MOPEO‐b‐PAAm) with a variable length of both the blocks were studied in water and water‐ethanol solutions. The tendency of DBCs to micellization in water‐ethanol mixture grew with increased molecular weights of the blocks. The addition of NaCl resulted in increase of micellar stability, while the introduction of dimethylformamide (DMF) destructed DBC micelles. In DBC bulk structure, MOPEO blocks either lost or considerably reduced their ability of crystallization due to interaction with PAAm blocks. DBC micelles encapsulated anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) that led to lowering the crytical micellization concentration.
Tailorable Polymeric Assemblies Based on Host/Guest Interactions Between Modified Dextrans
Authors: Amiel Catherine , Wintgens Véronique , Nielsen Thorbjørn Terndrup , Larsen Kim Lambertsen 
Published: August 2012

AbstractNanoassemblies are spontaneously formed in dilute aqueous solutions by mixing of two dextrans modified with lauroyl and β‐cyclodextrin moieties, respectively. This association process is mainly driven by host/guest interactions between the two polymers. The nanoassemblies' size depends on the substitution degrees of the polymers, and on the total concentration and composition of the mixtures. The results are compared to those previously obtained with adamantyl grafted dextrans. The number and the strength of the individual guest‐host complexes between the two grafted dextrans is the key parameter to obtain small and stable nanoassemblies.
Advances in Organic All‐Optical Photorefractive Materials
Authors: Liu Yingliang , Pei Haiyan , Zhang Li , Shi Jun , Cao Shaokui 
Published: August 2012

AbstractOrganic all‐optical photorefractive (PR) materials will soon become an interesting topic owing to the convenient signal‐writing without the application of external electrical field and poling, even without any photosensitizer. In this paper, organic all‐optical PR materials synthesized in our laboratory have been systematically summarized including organic monolithic PR molecular glasses with a linear or hyperbranched chemical structure such as organic carbazole/triphenylamine‐based amorphous compounds, and PR polymers with a non‐conjugated main chain (NCMC) such as polymethacrylates, polyphosphazenes and polynorbornenes. Much progress has been made not only in the synthesis strategy of organic all‐optical materials but also in understanding the primary mechanism of all‐optical PR effect in organic materials. It is believed that the outcoming of organic all‐optical PR materials will broaden the application fields of organic PR materials.
Effects of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation on adult patients with overactive bladder syndrome: A systematic review
Authors: Moossdorff‐Steinhauser Heidi F.A. , Berghmans Bary 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAimsTo assess the effectiveness of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) on adult patients with overactive bladder syndrome, using a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), clinical controlled trials (CCTs), and prospective observational cohort studies.MethodsA computer‐aided literature search was performed in: PubMed, EMBASE and CENTRAL (2000 to November 15, 2011) to identify RCTs, CCTs, and prospective observational cohort studies. The study had to investigate the effect of PTNS on overactive bladder syndrome. The methodological quality of each study was assessed and a qualitative analysis was performed to establish the levels of evidence.ResultsFour RCTs and six prospective observational cohort studies were identified. There is strong evidence for the efficacy of PTNS versus a sham treatment. There is limited evidence that the use of PTNS and tolterodine ER is equally effective. No additional effect of a combination of Stoller afferent nerve stimulation (SANS) and anticholinergic medication compared to SANS alone. Most cohort studies suggested decreased frequency and improvement of incontinence and nocturia. However, the level of evidence was insufficient to make any firm conclusions. Because the total duration of all included trials varied between 6 and 12 weeks, so far there is little information on treatment periods.ConclusionsPTNS is efficacious for frequency and urgency urinary incontinence. More high quality studies are needed to improve the level of evidence concerning the efficacy of PTNS with regard to urgency and nocturia, to specify patient selection criteria, optimal treatment modalities and long‐term effects as well as the effectiveness in more pragmatic trials. Neurourol. Urodynam. 32: 206–214, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characterization of silodosin and naftopidil in the treatment of bladder dysfunction in the spontaneously hypertensive rat
Authors: Saito Motoaki , Shimizu Shogo , Ohmasa Fumiya , Oikawa Ryo , Tsounapi Panagiota , Dimitriadis Fotios , Kinoshita Yukako , Satoh Keisuke 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurposeAs increasing evidence suggest that α1‐blockers prevent benign prostatic hyperplasia related overactive bladder and nocturia in the human, we investigated the effects of silodosin and naftopidil on hypertension‐related bladder dysfunction in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) model.Materials and MethodsTwelve‐week‐old male SHRs received no treatment or treatment with silodosin (100 µg/kg, p.o.) or naftopidil (10 or 30 mg/kg, p.o.) once daily for 6 weeks. Wistar rats were used as normotensive controls. After 6‐week treatment, voiding functions were estimated by metabolic cages (dark‐ and light‐cycle separately) and cystometric studies. Furthermore, the bladder blood flow (BBF) was measured employing the hydrogen clearance method.ResultsSHRs showed significant increases in micturition frequency, and decreases in BBF and single voided volume in both metabolic cages and cystometrograms compared to the Wistar group. Treatment with silodosin normalized the decreased BBF, and treatment with naftopidil increased the BBF in a dose‐dependent manner in the SHR group. Although treatment with silodosin and the high dose of naftopidil significantly inhibited micturition frequency in one day, only treatment with the high dose of naftopidil significantly inhibited micturition frequency and urine production in the light‐cycle compared to the non‐treated SHRs. Although treatment with silodosin and the high dose of naftopidil significantly increased single voided volume, only treatment with silodosin significantly inhibited non‐voiding contractions in the cystometrgrams.ConclusionOur data suggest that both silodosin and naftopidil improve hypertension‐related bladder dysfunction in the SHR, and naftopidil but not silodosin improves urinary frequency in the light‐cycle due to inhibition of urine production. Neurourol. Urodynam. 32: 393–398, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Transforming polylactide into value‐added materials
Authors: Leibfarth Frank A. , Moreno Nicholas , Hawker Alex P. , Shand Justin D. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe production of chemical building blocks and polymer precursors from biorenewable and sustainable resources is an attractive method to bypass traditional fossil fuel derived materials. Accordingly, we report the organocatalytic recycling of postconsumer polylactide (PLA) into value‐added small molecules. This strategy, using the highly active transesterification catalyst triazabicyclodecene, is shown to completely depolymerize PLA in the presence of various alcohols into valuable lactate esters. Using previously used PLA packaging material, the depolymerization is complete in minutes at room temperature and fully retains the stereochemistry of the lactate species. Further, the modularity and utility of this methodology with respect to polyester substrate is detailed by using a variety of functional alcohols to depolymerize both PLA and polyglycolide, with the corresponding ester small‐molecules being used to make new polymeric materials. The opportunities to transform waste streams into value‐added chemicals and new materials through simple and versatile chemistry hold significant potential to extend the lifecycle of renewable chemical feedstocks. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
Biological activity of sedaxane – a novel broad‐spectrum fungicide for seed treatment
Authors: Zeun Ronald , Scalliet Gabriel , Oostendorp Michael 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundSedaxane is a new broad‐spectrum seed treatment fungicide developed by Syngenta Crop Protection for control of seed‐ and soil‐borne diseases in a broad range of crops. Its physicochemical properties and activity spectrum have been optimised for use as a seed treatment providing both local and systemic protection of the seed and roots of target crops.ResultsSedaxane inhibits respiration by binding to the succinate dehydrogenase complex in the fungal mitochondrium. Its activity spectrum covers seed‐borne fungi such as Ustilago nuda, Tilletia caries, Monographella nivalis and Pyrenophora graminea, as well as the soil‐borne fungi Rhizoctonia solani, R. cerealis and Typhula incarnata. Under greenhouse conditions, sedaxane showed high levels and consistent protection against U. nuda, P. graminea and Rhizoctonia spp. Under field conditions, efficacy against Rhizoctonia spp. resulted in increased yield compared with the untreated check. Efficacy against snow mould has been shown under very high disease pressure conditions. The combination of sedaxane plus fludioxonil against snow mould can provide resistance management for sustainable use.ConclusionsThe broad spectrum and high level of activity in combination with excellent crop tolerance allow the use of sedaxane as a seed treatment in a wide variety of crops. It is a potential tool for precautionary resistance management when combined with other fungicides, especially against pathogens showing a potential for resistance development, such as M. nivalis. © 2012 Syngenta Crop Protection, AG. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Crystal Structures of Photovoltaic Chalcogenides, an Intricate Puzzle to Solve: the Cases of CIGSe and CZTS Materials
Authors: Lafond Alain , Choubrac Léo , Guillot‐Deudon Catherine , Deniard Philippe , Jobic Stephane 
Published: August 2012

AbstractLight harvesting chalcogenide materials have strong potential applications for photovoltaic due, in part, to the ability of their structures to accommodate shift from the ideal stoichiometry. This study is devoted to the chemical and structural investigations of two specific series of materials, Cu(In, Ga)Se2 (CIGSe) and Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS). Both of them receive currently a strong incentive in the domain of thin film solar cells. On the basis of accurate chemical analyses, conventional powder and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, resonant X‐ray scattering with synchrotron radiation the capacity of the chalcopyrite and kesterite structures of CIGSe and CZTS to accommodate deviations from the stoichiometry is discussed. Formally, the former is found to be more flexible than the latter even if this one can self adapt to copper‐poor and copper‐rich compositions without any structural change except in terms of the cation distributions.
The role of experience in six sigma project success: An empirical analysis of improvement projects
Authors: Easton George S. , Rosenzweig Eve D. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractRecent learning‐by‐doing research highlights the importance of examining multiple measures of experience and their relationship to the performance of work teams. Our paper studies the role of individual experience, organizational experience, team leader experience, and experience working together on a team (team familiarity) in the context of improvement teams. To do so, we analyze successful and failed six sigma improvement team projects at a Fortune 500 consumer products manufacturer with multiple business groups. Such improvement project teams focus on deliberate learning, which differs from the primary focus of work teams.Our analysis uses archival data generated by these improvement project teams over a six year time span. Of the four experience variables we study, we find that team leader experience exhibits the strongest relationship with project success, followed by organizational experience. Further, in contrast to prior‐related research on work teams, we find no relationship between individual experience or team familiarity and project success beyond that explained by team leader and organizational experience. These results suggest that a well‐developed and deployed structured problem‐solving process—characteristic of effective six sigma deployments—may reduce the importance of team familiarity in the context of improvement teams.
LOCAL-GLOBAL PRINCIPLE FOR THE FINITENESS AND ARTINIANNESS OF GENERALISED LOCAL COHOMOLOGY MODULES
Authors: FATHI ALI 
Published: August 2012

AbstractLet $\mathcal S$ be a Serre subcategory of the category of $R$-modules, where $R$ is a commutative Noetherian ring. Let $\mathfrak a$ and $\mathfrak b$ be ideals of $R$ and let $M$ and $N$ be finite $R$-modules. We prove that if $N$ and $H^i_{\mathfrak a}(M,N)$ belong to $\mathcal S$ for all $i\lt n$ and if $n\leq \mathrm {f}$-$\mathrm {grad}({\mathfrak a},{\mathfrak b},N )$, then $\mathrm {Hom}_{R}(R/{\mathfrak b},H^n_{{\mathfrak a}}(M,N))\in \mathcal S$. We deduce that if either $H^i_{\mathfrak a}(M,N)$ is finite or $\mathrm {Supp}\,H^i_{\mathfrak a}(M,N)$ is finite for all $i\lt n$, then $\mathrm {Ass}\,H^n_{\mathfrak a}(M,N)$ is finite. Next we give an affirmative answer, in certain cases, to the following question. If, for each prime ideal ${\mathfrak {p}}$ of $R$, there exists an integer $n_{\mathfrak {p}}$ such that $\mathfrak b^{n_{\mathfrak {p}}} H^i_{\mathfrak a R_{\mathfrak {p}}}({M_{\mathfrak {p}}},{N_{\mathfrak {p}}})=0$ for every $i$ less than a fixed integer $t$, then does there exist an integer $n$ such that $\mathfrak b^nH^i_{\mathfrak a}(M,N)=0$ for all $i\lt t$? A formulation of this question is referred to as the local-global principle for the annihilation of generalised local cohomology modules. Finally, we prove that there are local-global principles for the finiteness and Artinianness of generalised local cohomology modules.