bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Communicating About Water Issues in Australia
Authors: ElSawah Sondoss , McLucas Alan , Mazanov Jason 
Published: May 2015

Background. Unlike traditional communication approaches, simulation/gaming has the capacity to communicate about the complexity and uncertainty aspects of managing natural resources in engaging and informative ways. Purpose. This article aims to present a system dynamics-based framework for using simulation/gaming to communicate about complex water issues Method. We used communication about water resources issues in the Australian Capital Territory as a case study to support the development and implementation of the modelling framework. Results. Three scenarios are designed and analysed to challenge the mental models that stakeholders may have about the effects of various water policies. Contribution. The system dynamics-based simulation/gaming framework contributes to communicating about complex water resources issues.
Prospective, Multicenter Evaluation of Allogeneic Bone Matrix Containing Viable Osteogenic Cells in Foot and/or Ankle Arthrodesis
Authors: Jones Carroll P. , Loveland Jeffrey , Atkinson Brent L. , Ryaby James T. , Linovitz Raymond J. , Nunley James A. 
Published: May 2015

Background: Cellular bone allograft (CBA) possesses osteogenic, osteoinductive, and osteoconductive elements essential for bone healing. The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of CBA in foot and/or ankle arthrodeses. Methods: A prospective, multicenter, open-label clinical trial using CBA was performed. At 6 weeks and at 3, 6, and 12 months, imaging was performed and the subject’s pain, function, and quality of life (QOL) status (Visual Analog Scale, American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society Hindfoot Scale, and the Short Form 36) were recorded. The per protocol population consisted of 92 patients at 6 months and 76 patients at 12 months, with 153 and 129 total arthrodeses, respectively. Results: At 6 months, fusion rates were 68.5% for all patients and 81.1% for all joints; at 12 months, rates were 71.1% and 86.8%, respectively. Certain high-risk subjects (eg, with diabetes or obesity) had fusion rates comparable to those of normal patients. Statistically significant improvements in pain, function, and QOL were observed, and fusion correlated with both function and QOL outcomes at 6 and 12 months. There were no adverse events attributable to CBA. Conclusion: Fusion rates using CBA were higher than or comparable to fusion rates with autograft that have been reported in the recent literature, and CBA fusion rates were not adversely affected by several high-risk patient factors. CBA was a safe and effective graft material to achieve fusion in patients with compromised bone healing and may provide an effective autograft replacement for foot and/or ankle arthrodeses. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective study.
Pulmonary cowpox in cats: five cases
Authors: McInerney Jennie , Papasouliotis Kostas , Simpson Kerry , English Kate , Cook Simon , Milne Elspeth , Gunn-Moore Danièlle A 
Published: May 2015

Case series summary This case series documents five cases of pneumonia (with pleural effusion in three cases) caused by cowpox virus (CPxV) in domestic cats. Predisposition to pneumonia may have resulted from mixed infections in two cases (feline herpesvirus and Bordetella bronchiseptica in one cat, and Mycoplasma species in the other). Relevance and novel information As well as diagnostic confirmation by previously described methods of virus isolation from skin lesions, and demonstration of pox virions in skin samples using electron microscopy and inclusion bodies in histological preparations, this is the first report of diagnosis by virus isolation from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid or pleural fluid, and demonstration of inclusion bodies in cytological preparations. This is also the first series to report treatment with interferon omega (IFN-ω). Two cats survived, both of which had been treated with IFN-ω. As CPxV represents a serious zoonotic risk it is an important differential diagnosis of pneumonia in cats.
Mental Health Consequences of Childhood Physical Abuse in Chinese Populations
Authors: Ip Patrick , Wong Rosa S. , Li Sophia L. , Chan Ko Ling , Ho Frederick K. , Chow Chun-bong 
Published: May 2015

Objective: Childhood physical abuse (CPA) can lead to adverse mental health outcomes in adulthood, but its potential impact on Chinese populations is still unclear. This meta-analysis is the first to examine the association between CPA and mental health outcomes in Chinese populations. Study Design: Studies published before December 31, 2014 were identified from Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. Studies with data on the association between CPA and mental health outcomes from Chinese subjects were included. Twenty-four studies were initially identified but two were excluded because of poor quality. Two reviewers independently extracted data to generate summary effect sizes using a random-effects meta-analytic model. A priori subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate heterogeneity and bias in these studies. Results: Our meta-analysis of 22 studies found a significant positive association between CPA and overall mental health outcomes among all Chinese subjects (pooled effect size: odds ratio [ OR] = 2.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.87, 2.49]) and among community samples (pooled effect size: OR = 2.06, 95% CI [1.71, 2.48]). Based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision, diagnostic criteria, CPA was more strongly associated with Axis II ( OR = 2.62, 95% CI [2.13, 3.22]) than Axis I disorders ( OR = 1.85, 95% CI [1.58, 2.17]). Conclusions: The detrimental effects of CPA on mental health outcomes in Chinese populations were comparable to, if not more than, the West. Contrary to the Chinese belief that physical punishment is a safe way to discipline children, our findings highlight the potential harm to mental health and the need to change this parenting practice.
Transvenous embolization of cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula through a thrombosed inferior petrosal sinus utilizing 3D venography
Authors: Srivatanakul Kittipong , Osada Takahiro , Aoki Rie , Sorimachi Takatoshi , Matsumae Mitsunori 
Published: May 2015

Objective We report a new technique in approaching the cavernous sinus through an occluded inferior petrosal sinus (IPS) using three-dimensional (3D) venography. Case presentation A patient diagnosed with arteriovenous fistula of the right cavernous sinus underwent transvenous embolization. The IPS was not detectable on angiogram. Retrograde injection of contrast with 3D imaging of the internal jugular vein clearly demonstrated the remnant of the IPS. By referring to the images obtained, catheterization of the cavernous sinus by way of the IPS was performed without difficulties. Conclusion Three-dimensional venography for detecting the entrance to the IPS is a useful method and easy to perform. We believe that this technique should be considered whenever the access to an occluded IPS is necessary.
Assessing treatment effects with surrogate survival outcomes using an internal validation subsample
Authors: Zee Jarcy , Xie Sharon X ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: May 2015

Background In studies with surrogate outcomes available for all subjects and true outcomes available for only a subsample, survival analysis methods are needed that incorporate both endpoints in order to assess treatment effects. Methods We develop a semiparametric estimated likelihood method for the proportional hazards model with discrete time data and a binary covariate of interest. Our proposed method allows for real-time validation of surrogate outcomes and flexible censoring mechanisms. Results Our proposed estimator is consistent and asymptotically normal. Through numerical studies, we showed that our proposed method for estimating a covariate effect is unbiased compared to the naïve estimator that uses only surrogate endpoints and is more efficient with moderate missingness compared to the complete-case estimator that uses only true endpoints. We further demonstrated the advantages of our proposed method in comparison with existing approaches when there is real-time validation. We also illustrated the use of our proposed method by estimating the effect of gender on time to detection of Alzheimer’s disease using data from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Conclusion The proposed method is able to account for the uncertainty of surrogate outcomes using a validation subsample of true outcomes in estimating a binary covariate effect. The proposed estimator can outperform standard semiparametric survival analysis methods and can therefore save on costs of a trial or improve power in detecting treatment effects.
Which assessment tools address the categories of the Brief ICF Core Set for Hand Conditions?
Authors: van de Ven-Stevens Lucelle AW , Kus Sandra , Graff Maud , Geurts Alexander CH 
Published: May 2015

Introduction The purpose of this study was to explore whether assessment tools address aspects that are relevant according to the Brief ICF Core Set for Hand Conditions (BICF-CS). Methods Assessment tools meant to assess functioning and/or environmental factors in adults with hand conditions were reviewed. MEDLINE and CINAHL databases, previously published reviews, the book Clinical Assessment Recommendations of the ASHT, and websites of assessment tools were used for the content comparison and linking to the 23 categories of the BICF-CS. The updated version of the linking rules was applied by two reviewers. Results Forty-six assessment tools, known within the areas of hand therapy and hand surgery, were linked to the 23 categories of the BICF-CS. Regarding Body functions and body structures, the categories that were most frequently addressed were b730 “Muscle power functions,” b280 “Sensation of pain,” b710 “Mobility of joint functions, ” and s730 “Structure of upper extremity. ” Regarding Activities and Participation, d440 “Fine hand use” was addressed mostly and 25 assessment tools (with a total of 146 items) were linked to this category. Regarding Environmental Factors, only one assessment tool was identified that could be linked to two categories. Fifteen points of discussion were encountered in the linking process. Conclusions Content comparison of 46 assessment tools revealed that 19 of the 23 categories of the BICF-CS were addressed. The environmental factors were hardly addressed.
Inhibition of G9a methyltransferase stimulates fetal hemoglobin production by facilitating LCR/γ-globin looping
Authors: Krivega Ivan , Byrnes Colleen , de Vasconcellos Jaira F. , Lee Y. Terry , Kaushal Megha , Dean Ann , Miller Jeffery L. 
Published: May 2015

Key Points
The G9a methyltransferase inhibitor UNC0638 increased pancellular expression of HbF to levels greater than 30% in adult human erythroblasts. UNC0638 altered globin locus epigenetic status/protein occupancy favoring LCR interaction with fetal genes at the expense of adult genes.
Staging of lung cancer: the role of noninvasive, minimally invasive and invasive techniques
Authors: Stamatis Georgios 
Published: May 2015

Accurate staging and restaging of primary tumour and mediastinal nodes in patients with lung cancer is of significant importance. For primary tumours, computed tomography (CT) scans of the chest are recommended. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging should be used in patients with curative intent treatment to evaluate metastatic disease. Diagnosis of the primary tumour should be performed using bronchoscopy or CT-guided transthoracic needle aspiration. In patients with enlarged mediastinal nodes and no distant metastasis, invasive staging of the mediastinum is required. For suspicious N2 or N3 disease, endoscopic needle techniques, such as endobronchial ultrasound and transbronchial needle aspiration, oesophageal ultrasound and fine needle aspiration, or a combination of both, are preferred to any surgical staging technique. In cases of suspicious nodes and negative results using needle aspiration techniques, invasive surgical staging using mediastinoscopy or video-assisted thoracic surgery should be performed. In central tumours or N1 nodes, preoperative invasive staging is indicated.Restaging after induction therapy remains a controversial topic. Today, neither CT, PET nor PET/CT scans are accurate enough to make final further therapeutic decisions for mediastinal nodal involvement. An invasive technique providing cytohistological information is still recommended.
Diffuse alveolar damage associated mortality in selected acute respiratory distress syndrome patients with open lung biopsy
Authors: Kao Kuo-Chin , Hu Han-Chung , Chang Chih-Hao , Hung Chen-Yiu , Chiu Li-Chung , Li Shih-Hong , Lin Shih-Wei , Chuang Li-Pang , Wang Chih-Wei , Li Li-Fu , Chen Ning-Hung , Yang Cheng-Ta , Huang Chung-Chi , Tsai Ying-Huang 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) is the pathological hallmark of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), however, the presence of DAD in the clinical criteria of ARDS patients by Berlin definition is little known. This study is designed to investigate the role of DAD in ARDS patients who underwent open lung biopsy.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed all ARDS patients who met the Berlin definition and underwent open lung biopsy from January 1999 to January 2014 in a referred medical center. DAD is characterized by hyaline membrane formation, lung edema, inflammation, hemorrhage and alveolar epithelial cell injury. Clinical data including baseline characteristics, severity of ARDS, clinical and pathological diagnoses, and survival outcomes were analyzed.

Results
A total of 1838 patients with ARDS were identified and open lung biopsies were performed on 101 patients (5.5 %) during the study period. Of these 101 patients, the severity of ARDS on diagnosis was mild of 16.8 %, moderate of 56.5 % and severe of 26.7 %. The hospital mortality rate was not significant difference between the three groups (64.7 % vs 61.4 % vs 55.6 %, p = 0.81). Of the 101 clinical ARDS patients with open lung biopsies, 56.4 % (57/101) patients had DAD according to biopsy results. The proportion of DAD were 76.5 % (13/17) in mild, 56.1 % (32/57) in moderate and 44.4 % (12/27) in severe ARDS and there is no significant difference between the three groups (p = 0.113). Pathological findings of DAD patients had a higher hospital mortality rate than non-DAD patients (71.9 % vs 45.5 %, p = 0.007). Pathological findings of DAD (odds ratio: 3.554, 95 % CI, 1.385–9.12; p = 0.008) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score on the biopsy day (odds ratio: 1.424, 95 % CI, 1.187–1.707; p<0.001) were significantly and independently associated with hospital mortality. The baseline demographics and clinical characteristics were not significantly different between DAD and non-DAD patients.

Conclusions
The correlation of pathological findings of DAD and ARDS diagnosed by Berlin definition is modest. A pathological finding of DAD in ARDS patients is associated with hospital mortality and there are no clinical characteristics that could identify DAD patients before open lung biopsy.
SC-FDMA-based resource allocation and power control scheme for D2D communication using LTE-A uplink resource
Authors: Shah Syed Tariq , Gu Jaheon , Hasan Syed Faraz , Chung Min Young 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Device-to-device (D2D) communication-enabled cellular networks allow cellular devices to directly communicate with each other without any evolved NodeB (eNB). D2D communication aims to improve the spectral efficiency and increases the overall system capacity. For future mobile networks, intelligent radio resource allocation and power control schemes are required to accommodate the increasing number of cellular devices and their growing demand of data traffic. In this paper, a combined resource allocation and power control scheme for D2D communication is proposed. In the proposed scheme, D2D communication reuses the uplink (UL) resources of conventional cellular user equipments (CUEs); therefore, we have adopted single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) as UL transmission scheme. The proposed scheme uses fractional frequency reuse (FFR)-based architecture to efficiently allocate the resources and mitigate the interference between CUEs and D2D user equipments (DUEs). In order to guarantee the user fairness, the proposed scheme uses the well-known proportional fair (PF) scheduling algorithm for resource allocation. We have also proposed an intelligent power control scheme which provides equal opportunity to both CUEs and DUEs to achieve a certain minimum signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR) value. The performance evaluation results show that the proposed scheme significantly improves the overall cell capacity and achieves low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR).
Successful surgical treatment for recurrent cardiac fibroma 21 years after resection
Authors: Kusajima Kunio , Hata Hiroki , Fujita Tomoyuki , Shimahara Yusuke , Sato Shunsuke , Ishibashi-Ueda Hatsue , Kobayashi Junjiro 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Cardiac fibromas are rare benign tumors usually seen in the pediatric population. Generally, long-term survival after surgical resection is favorable, and recurrence of fibroma has been hardly reported. Herein, we report a case of a 34-year-old woman who presented with ventricular tachycardia 21 years after resection of a cardiac fibroma and was found to have a recurrent giant cardiac fibroma. We performed a complete resection of the recurrent fibroma. At the 2-year follow-up, she remains asymptomatic with no evidence of ventricular tachycardia or recurrence of fibroma.
Targeting neutrophilic inflammation in severe neutrophilic asthma: can we target the disease-relevant neutrophil phenotype?
Authors: Bruijnzeel Piet L B , Uddin Mohib , Koenderman Leo 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In severe, neutrophilic asthma, neutrophils are thought to have an important role in both the maintenance of the disease and during exacerbations. These patients often display excessive, mucosal airway inflammation with unresolving neutrophilia. Because this variant of asthma is poorly controlled by glucocorticoids, specific pharmacologic targeting of neutrophils seems a plausible therapeutic approach. However, most attempts with this approach have failed in the clinic. We propose that this could be attributed, in part, to an incomplete understanding of the emerging new insights underlying neutrophil homeostasis and life span, neutrophil reverse transmigration, neutrophil phenotypes, and neutrophil transdifferentiation in human health and disease. Of clinical relevance, recent translational studies have started to uncover distinct neutrophil subsets in humans, namely mature and hypersegmented phenotypes that have bimodal immunomodulatory functions during an acute inflammatory response. In this review, we will elaborate on some of the novel insights in neutrophil biology and attempt to translate them into potential consequences for pharmacologic intervention of severe neutrophilic asthma. We speculate that the disease-relevant neutrophil phenotype should be targeted selectively without compromising the immunomodulatory functions essential for homeostasis and pulmonary immunity. However, the identity and exact functional role of distinct neutrophil phenotypes in inflammatory diseases of the human airway remain elusive.
Kummer surfaces associated to (1, 2)-polarized abelian surfaces
Authors: Mehran Afsaneh 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to describe the geometry of the generic Kummer surface associated to a (1, 2)-polarized abelian surface. We show that it is the double cover of a weak del Pezzo surface and that it inherits from the del Pezzo surface an interesting elliptic fibration with twelve singular fibers of type I2.
Galois-theoretic characterization of isomorphism classes of monodromically full hyperbolic curves of genus zero
Authors: Hoshi Yuichiro 
Published: May 2015

AbstractLet l be a prime number. In this paper, we prove that the isomorphism class of an l-monodromically full hyperbolic curve of genus zero over a finitely generated extension of the field of rational numbers is completely determined by the kernel of the natural pro-l outer Galois representation associated to the hyperbolic curve. This result can be regarded as a genus zero analogue of a result due to Mochizuki which asserts that the isomorphism class of an elliptic curve which does not admit complex multiplication over a number field is completely determined by the kernels of the natural Galois representations on the various finite quotients of its Tate module.
Instability of one global transonic shock wave for the steady supersonic Euler flow past a sharp cone
Authors: Xu Gang , Yin Huicheng 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we are concerned with the instability problem of one global transonic conic shock wave for the supersonic Euler flow past an infinitely long conic body whose vertex angle is less than some critical value. This is motivated by the following descriptions in the bookSupersonic Flow and Shock Wavesby Courant and Friedrichs: if there is a supersonic steady flow which comes from minus infinity, and the flow hits a sharp cone along its axis direction, then it follows from the Rankine-Hugoniot conditions, the physical entropy condition, and the apple curve method that there will appear a weak shock or a strong shock attached at the vertex of the cone, which corresponds to the supersonic shock or the transonic shock, respectively. A long-standing open problem is that only the weak shock could occur, and the strong shock is unstable. However, a convincing proof of this instability has apparently never been given. The aim of this paper is to understand this. In particular, under some suitable assumptions, because of the essential influence of the rotation of Euler flow, we show that a global transonic conic shock solution is unstable as long as the related sharp circular cone is perturbed.
Neural crest migration is driven by a few trailblazer cells with a unique molecular signature narrowly confined to the invasive front
Authors: McLennan Rebecca , Schumacher Linus J. , Morrison Jason A. , Teddy Jessica M. , Ridenour Dennis A. , Box Andrew C. , Semerad Craig L. , Li Hua , McDowell William , Kay David , Maini Philip K. , Baker Ruth E. , Kulesa Paul M. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
Neural crest (NC) cell migration is crucial to the formation of peripheral tissues during vertebrate development. However, how NC cells respond to different microenvironments to maintain persistence of direction and cohesion in multicellular streams remains unclear. To address this, we profiled eight subregions of a typical cranial NC cell migratory stream. Hierarchical clustering showed significant differences in the expression profiles of the lead three subregions compared with newly emerged cells. Multiplexed imaging of mRNA expression using fluorescent hybridization chain reaction (HCR) quantitatively confirmed the expression profiles of lead cells. Computational modeling predicted that a small fraction of lead cells that detect directional information is optimal for successful stream migration. Single-cell profiling then revealed a unique molecular signature that is consistent and stable over time in a subset of lead cells within the most advanced portion of the migratory front, which we term trailblazers. Model simulations that forced a lead cell behavior in the trailing subpopulation predicted cell bunching near the migratory domain entrance. Misexpression of the trailblazer molecular signature by perturbation of two upstream transcription factors agreed with the in silico prediction and showed alterations to NC cell migration distance and stream shape. These data are the first to characterize the molecular diversity within an NC cell migratory stream and offer insights into how molecular patterns are transduced into cell behaviors.