bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
N-linked glycosylation of protease-activated receptor-1 at extracellular loop 2 regulates G-protein signaling bias
Authors: Soto Antonio G. , Smith Thomas H. , Chen Buxin , Bhattacharya Supriyo , Cordova Isabel Canto , Kenakin Terry , Vaidehi Nagarajan , Trejo JoAnn 
Published: June 2015

Significance
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest class of mammalian signaling receptors and mediate vast physiological responses. The capacity to modulate GPCR signaling therapeutically is important for treatment of various diseases, and discovering new aspects of receptor signaling is critical for drug development. Protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1) is GPCR for thrombin. Similar to other GPCRs, PAR1 is promiscuous and couples to multiple heterotrimeric G-protein subtypes in the same cell. How a single GPCR can couple to multiple G-protein subtypes concurrently has remained an enigma. We demonstrate that N-linked glycosylation of PAR1 regulates G-protein coupling specificity and differentially controls cellular responses. Thus, the status of GPCR glycosylation is a critical determinant for specifying coupling to distinct G-protein subtypes.
Early procurement of scarlet macaws and the emergence of social complexity in Chaco Canyon, NM
Authors: Watson Adam S. , Plog Stephen , Culleton Brendan J. , Gilman Patricia A. , LeBlanc Steven A. , Whiteley Peter M. , Claramunt Santiago , Kennett Douglas J. 
Published: June 2015

SignificanceNew accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS)14C dates of scarlet macaw (Ara macao) skeletons from Chaco Canyon in northwestern New Mexico reveal the earliest (A.D. 900–975) direct evidence for procurement of this Neotropical species by Pueblo people from Mesoamerica. By directly dating the macaws, we demonstrate the existence of long-distance acquisition networks throughout much (A.D. 900–1150) of Chaco’s history. In contrast to models of societal evolution that attribute procurement of macaws to the 11th-century peak of Chacoan influence and architectural expansion, most14C dates significantly predate this period. We propose that access to and control of these important status markers from Mesoamerica before A.D. 1040 was thus linked to the early formalization of social hierarchy in Chaco.
Exploiting the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anticancer potential of
Rubus
species.
Authors: Grabek-Lejko D. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Rubus
is one of a hundred genera in the family
Rosaceae
. The genus
Rubus
comprises about 700 species naturally occurring in temperate zones. The worldwide popularity of
Rubus
fruits has increased because they are considered a healthy and nutritious food, containing many antioxidants. Antioxidants play a major role in protecting our body from disease by reducing the oxidative damage to cellular component caused by reactive oxygen species. Many investigations suggest that the plant origin antioxidants, like from
Rubus
species, with free-radical scavenging properties may have great therapeutic importance in free-radical mediated diseases such as cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease, cardiovascular diseases, ageing, gastrointestinal diseases and arthritis. In this paper, current literature connected with strong antioxidant potential of various
Rubus
species and its possibility of pharmacological usage (such as antibacterial, antiviral, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, etc.) is being reviewed. Antioxidant potentials and other biological properties of more than 40
Rubus
species, their cultivars, various parts of the plants (flowers, leaves, buds, roots and stem) and different extraction methods have been reported in this review.
Temporal Variation in Diet Composition and Use of Pulsed Resource Subsidies by Juvenile Sablefish
Authors: Coutré K. M. , Beaudreau A. H. , Malecha P. W. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractPulsed resources create an influx of energy that can provide individual and population level benefits to their consumers. As consumers, Sablefish Anoplopoma fimbria experience strong seasonal pulses in prey resources during their critical period of juvenile growth in the nearshore marine environment. This study described temporal patterns in diet composition of Sablefish (N = 1,081) ranging in size from 226 to 455 mm FL during July and September in St. John Baptist Bay, Alaska. Juvenile Sablefish exploited a large variety of prey taxa characteristic of a generalist predator and experienced significant diet shifts among sampling periods revealing seasonal and interannual variation in resource use. Diets appeared more diverse in 2012 when more invertebrate taxa were consumed compared with 2013 when diets were dominated by herring and salmonid offal. In September of both years, spawning Pink Salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha were observed within the study area and juvenile Sablefish capitalized on this high energy subsidy, and salmon carcasses were among the top contributors to their diets by weight. However, Sablefish also exploited in situ prey of lower energy, such as benthic invertebrates, suggesting that Sablefish are not entirely reliant on seasonally pulsed, high‐energy prey. This study further emphasizes the significance of salmon as a vector of energy across ecosystems and is one of the first to document a marine teleost species scavenging on adult salmon carcasses in coastal marine waters.
Environmental factors that shape biofilm formation
Authors: Toyofuku Masanori , Inaba Tomohiro , Kiyokawa Tatsunori , Obana Nozomu , Yawata Yutaka , Nomura Nobuhiko 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Cells respond to the environment and alter gene expression. Recent studies have revealed the social aspects of bacterial life, such as biofilm formation. Biofilm formation is largely affected by the environment, and the mechanisms by which the gene expression of individual cells affects biofilm development have attracted interest. Environmental factors determine the cell’s decision to form or leave a biofilm. In addition, the biofilm structure largely depends on the environment, implying that biofilms are shaped to adapt to local conditions. Second messengers such as cAMP and c-di-GMP are key factors that link environmental factors with gene regulation. Cell-to-cell communication is also an important factor in shaping the biofilm. In this short review, we will introduce the basics of biofilm formation and further discuss environmental factors that shape biofilm formation. Finally, the state-of-the-art tools that allow us investigate biofilms under various conditions are discussed.
Sincell: an R/Bioconductor package for statistical assessment of cell-state hierarchies from single-cell RNA-seq
Authors: Juliá Miguel , Telenti Amalio , Rausell Antonio 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Summary: Cell differentiation processes are achieved through a continuum of hierarchical intermediate cell states that might be captured by single-cell RNA seq. Existing computational approaches for the assessment of cell-state hierarchies from single-cell data can be formalized under a general framework composed of (i) a metric to assess cell-to-cell similarities (with or without a dimensionality reduction step) and (ii) a graph-building algorithm (optionally making use of a cell clustering step). The Sincell R package implements a methodological toolbox allowing flexible workflows under such a framework. Furthermore, Sincell contributes new algorithms to provide cell-state hierarchies with statistical support while accounting for stochastic factors in single-cell RNA seq. Graphical representations and functional association tests are provided to interpret hierarchies. The functionalities of Sincell are illustrated in a real case study, which demonstrates its ability to discriminate noisy from stable cell-state hierarchies.
Availability and implementation: Sincell is an open-source R/Bioconductor package available at http://bioconductor.org/packages/sincell. A detailed manual and a vignette are provided with the package.
Contact: antonio.rausell@isb-sib.ch
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Syphilis? An Unusual Cause of Surgical Emergency in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Man
Authors: Bender Ignacio Rachel A. , Koch Lisa L. , Dhanireddy Shireesha , Charmie Godornes B. , Lukehart Sheila A. , Marrazzo Jeanne M. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
We report on a human immunodeficiency virus-infected man undergoing urgent anorectal surgery, with multi-centimeter fungating masses discovered inside the anus. Initial pathology was inconclusive. After the patient developed a disseminated rash postoperatively determined to be secondary syphilis, the anorectal pathology was reviewed and Treponema pallidum DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction from the mass.
An ignored high fill-out, extreme mass ratio contact binary V1222 Tauri
Authors: Liu Liang , Qian Sheng-Bang , Soonthornthum Boonrucksar , Zhu Liying , He Jia-Jia , Zhao Er-Gang 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Two color light curves of V1222 Tau were analyzed by using the latest version of the W–D code. The results show that V1222 Tau is an extreme mass ratio (q = 8.884 ± 0.149), high fill-out (f = 53.2% ± 1.9%) contact binary system. The period of V1222 Tau might have a parabolic variation according to a preliminary (O − C) analysis, with a possibly large long-term increase rate, dP/dt = +8.19 × 10−6 d yr−1.
Ocular Trauma From Dog Bites: Characterization, Associations, and Treatment Patterns at a Regional Level I Trauma Center Over 11 Years
Authors: Prendes Mark A. , Jian-Amadi Arash , Chang Shu-Hong , Shaftel Solomon S. 
Published: June 2015

Purpose:
Canine bites frequently result in periocular injury. The authors aimed to further characterize the dog breeds, types of injuries inflicted, and treatment outcomes.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review was performed on all dog bites recorded in the University of Washington trauma registry from 2003 to 2013. Cases involving ocular injury were further investigated to identify ocular tissues affected, treatment patterns, and outcomes.

Results:
A total of 342 dog bite victims were identified, of whom 91 sustained ocular trauma (27%). The mean age of patients with ocular injuries was significantly lower than those without (14.1 ± 1.9 vs. 30.0 ± 1.3 years, p < 0.001). Children bitten by dogs were 4.2 times more likely to sustain ocular injuries than adults (45.2% vs. 10.8%). The most common breed of dog inflicting ocular injury was the pit bull (25%). Forty percent of patients with ocular trauma sustained canalicular lacerations and epiphora was noted in only 3 patients (8%) after repair. Three percent had orbital fractures and 2% sustained ruptured globes. Infections were rare, affecting only 2% of patients.

Conclusions:
To our knowledge, this study is the largest to date to report the incidence and characteristics of ocular injuries sustained from dog bites. These injuries were disproportionately more common in children and have a high incidence of canalicular laceration. Though rare, globe injuries and orbital fractures were seen in this population. Importantly, this study establishes that pit bulls are the most frequent breed associated with ocular injuries from dog bites.
Enhanced Morbidity and Mortality Meeting and Patient Safety Education for Specialty Trainees
Authors: Singh Harvinder P. , Durani Piyush , Dias Joseph J. 
Published: June 2015

Introduction
Mortality and morbidity (M&M) meetings present a forum to discuss and review in-hospital deaths and complications to improve patient care. However, it remains an untapped resource to improve the exposure of the trainees to the principles of patient safety

Methods
We modified the departmental M&M meetings to enhance the delivery of patient safety education. The meeting started with a 5-minute overview of general patient safety principles, followed by a trainee-led discussion of a recent patient safety incident where opinions were sought about key learning points and ways to prevent the incident from happening in future. The discussion concluded with a patient safety presentation summarizing the salient points that were mapped to the WHO Patient Safety Curriculum. The suggestions from the meeting were noted, and the changes were instituted in the department over the next month and were reported back in the next meeting.

Results
From January to August 2012, seven enhanced M&M meetings were organized and attended by orthopaedic specialty trainees in a postgraduate Deanery. We explored the early impact of these monthly discussions by using the Junior Doctors’ Patient Safety Attitudes and Climate Questionnaire as an assessment tool. The questionnaire reports an early impact on patient safety knowledge, awareness, and attitudes to patient safety; however, more work is needed to improve the workplace safety climate.

Conclusions
We recommend immediate introduction of the enhanced M&M meetings focusing on patient safety in the other disciplines and postgraduate deaneries.
Physicians' and Nurses' Perceptions of and Attitudes Toward Incident Reporting in Palestinian Hospitals
Authors: Rashed Anan , Hamdan Motasem 
Published: June 2015

Objectives
Underreporting of incidents that happen in health care services undermines the ability of the systems to improve patient safety. This study assessed the attitudes of physicians and nurses toward incident reporting and the factors influencing reporting in Palestinian hospitals. It also examined clinicians' views about the preferred features of incident reporting system.

Methods
Cross-sectional self-administered survey of 475 participants, 152 physicians and 323 nurses, from 11 public hospitals in the West Bank; response rate, 81.3%.

Results
There was a low level of event reporting among participants in the past year (40.3%). Adjusted for sex and age, physicians were 2.1 times more likely to report incidents than nurses (95% confidence interval, 1.32–3.417; P = 0.002). Perceived main barriers for reporting were grouped under lack of proper structure for reporting, prevalence of blame, and punitive environment. The clinicians indicated fear of administrative sanctions, social and legal liability, and of their competence being questioned (P > 0.05). Getting help for patients, learning from mistakes, and ethical obligation were equally indicated motivators for reporting (P > 0.05). Meanwhile, clinicians prefer formal reporting (77.8%) of all type of errors (65.5%), disclosure of reporters (52.7%), using reports to improve patient safety (80.3%), and willingness to report to immediate supervisors (57.6%).

Conclusion
Clinicians acknowledge the importance of reporting incidents; however, prevalence of punitive culture and inadequate reporting systems are key barriers. Improving feedback about reported errors, simplifying procedures, providing clear guidelines on what and who should report, and avoiding blame are essential to enhance reporting. Moreover, health care organizations should consider the opinions of the clinicians in developing reporting systems.
The intellectual capital needs of a transitioning economy
Authors: O'Connor Allan , Du Kai , Roos Göran 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– Developed economies with high-cost environments face industrial transitions from scale-based manufacturing (MAN) to knowledge, technology and intangible asset-based sectors. The purpose of this paper is to examine the changes in employment and value-adding profiles of transitioning industry sectors in Australia and discuss the implications for policy that influences the intellectual capital (IC) profile of industrial sectors in transition.

Design/methodology/approach
– The approach borrowed concepts from the firm-level strategic management literature and applied them to a macro level of industry analysis. In this paper the authors examine the transitions in the Australian economy which, due to a rising cost base, is experiencing a decline in its value chain-oriented MAN sector. The authors contrast four industry sectors with the MAN sector and examine the different value creation models.

Findings
– The findings clearly show how the contribution to employment and value added (termed Economic Value Contribution ) of the different sectors vary. The authors extend these findings to a discussion on policy and the dimensions of IC that may have a role to play in facilitating transitions within an economy. The main conclusion is that a more rapid transition and higher value may be created if innovation and entrepreneurship are facilitated by targeted policies in transitioning sector.

Research limitations/implications
– This work is based on a single country analysis of selected industry sectors. Further work needs to be done across many more countries to contrast the findings across nations/regions that differ in industrial complexity and to refine the analytical framework to improve construct validity and increase analytical power.

Practical implications
– This work has implications for policy-makers facing the challenges of a transitioning economy, whether national or regional. Governments that are hands-on with respect to interventions to salvage and/or extend the life of sectors are at risk of missing opportunities to build the capacities and capabilities of emerging sectors while those governments that are hands-off, deferring to market mechanisms, risk transitions that are too little and/or too late to maintain a national or regional competitiveness.

Originality/value
– To the authors knowledge, this is the first attempt to integrate the specific firm-level strategic management perspectives, used in this paper, with the macro-policy level to examine industry sectors with the twin metrics of economic productivity and employment in transitioning economies.
The relationship between intellectual capital, firms’ market value and financial performance
Authors: Nimtrakoon Sirinuch 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore and compare the extent of intellectual capital (IC) and its four components among ASEAN countries, and examine the relationship between firms’ IC, market value, and financial performance.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study uses the data of 213 technology firms listed on five ASEAN stock exchanges. Pulic’s Value Added Intellectual Coefficient model is modified by adding an extra component, namely, relational capital efficiency (RCE). The Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA and multiple regression analysis have been utilized to test the hypotheses.

Findings
– The results reveal that there is no significant difference in Modified Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (MVAIC) across five ASEAN countries; however, firms in each country tend to place a different degree of emphasis on components of MVAIC to generate corporate value. The results further indicate a positive relationship between IC and market value, confirming that firms with greater IC tend to have greater market value. Likewise, a positive relationship between IC and financial performance measures is confirmed. Specifically, IC is found to be positively associated with margin ratio and return on assets. Capital employed efficiency and human capital efficiency are found to be the most influential value drivers for both market value and financial performance while structural capital efficiency and relational capital efficiency possess less importance.

Originality/value
– This study contributes to the IC literature by expanding our knowledge of IC in the emerging economies, and providing a national comparative IC research when such research is limited.
Intellectual capital disclosure in integrated reporting: an impression management analysis
Authors: Melloni Gaia 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– Intellectual capital (IC) is fundamental to understanding how firms create value; however, current IC disclosure (ICD) has been described as inadequate due to the lack of an established IC framework and companies’ actual commitment to report IC information. The International Integrated Reporting Council aims to foster ICD by means of integrated reporting (IR); such a report should display how IC and other forms of capital (e.g. financial) contribute to value creation over time. Drawing on impression management (IM) studies, the purpose of this paper is to assess the quality of ICD offered in IR.

Design/methodology/approach
– A manual content analysis of all the reports available in the International Integrated Reporting Council web site is run considering both the content of ICD and specific linguistic attributes (evidence, time orientation and tone). In addition, the study tests the relationship between the positive ICD tone and specific characteristics that may incentive managers to manipulate their disclosure to determine whether firms use ICD to manage public perceptions of corporate behaviour.

Findings
– The results of the content analysis show that majority of ICD is focused on relational capital, with limited quantitative and forward-looking information. Additionally, compared to non-ICD, ICD is significantly more optimistic. Furthermore, the positive tone of ICD is significantly associated with declining performance, bigger size and higher level of intangibles supporting the use of ICD as an IM strategy.

Originality/value
– The research contributes to the literature offering evidence of the quality of the ICD offered in the IR and demonstrating that ICD offered in the IR is used by managers opportunistically to advance their image.
Real options, enforcement of goodwill/intangibles rules, and associated behavioural issues
Authors: Nwogugu Mike 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to introduce new economic psychology theories that can explain fraud, misconduct and non-compliance that may arise from the implementation and enforcement of accounting standards codification (ASC) 805/350, international financial reporting standards (IFRS) 3R and IAS-38.

Design/methodology/approach
– The approach is entirely theoretical. The paper analyzes existing theories about real options and enforcement of regulations/statutes, and introduces new psychological biases that can arise.

Findings
– The real options approach suggested for handling the enforcement of goodwill/intangibles regulations is not effective.

Research limitations/implications
– The research is limited to international accounting standards board (IASB)/IFRS and financial accounting standards board (FASB) accounting standards.

Originality/value
– The critiques and theories developed in the paper can be used in the analysis of selection of disputes for litigation, anti-corruption programs and regulation of transactions that are susceptible to fraud.