bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unicompartmental and bicompartmental knee osteoarthritis show different patterns of mononuclear cell infiltration and cytokine release in the affected joints
Authors: Moradi B , Rosshirt N , Tripel E , Kirsch J , Barié A , Zeifang F , Gotterbarm T , Hagmann S 
Published: November 2014

Summary
It is still controversial which cell types are responsible for synovial inflammation in osteoarthritic (OA) joints. The aim of this study was to quantify the mononuclear cell populations and their cytokines in patients with different knee OA subtypes. Synovial membrane (SM), synovial fluid (SF) and peripheral blood (PB) were harvested from patients with unicompartmental (UC) and bicompartmental (BC) knee OA. Frequencies of mononuclear cells were assessed by flow cytometry in PB and SM. Naive SF samples were analysed for a broad variety of cytokines by multiplex analysis. SM of both groups displayed a distinct mononuclear cell infiltration, with CD14+ macrophages being the major cell population, followed by CD4+ T cells and only small numbers of CD8+ T, CD19+ B and CD16+ CD56+ natural killer (NK) cells. Between the two groups, SM of BC OA showed significantly higher amounts of mononuclear cells (135·7 ± 180 versus 805 ± 675 cells/mg, P = 0·0009) and higher CD4+ T cell presence (3·4 ± 4·6 versus 9·1 ± 7·5%, P = 0·0267). SF of BC OA displayed significantly higher concentrations for a number of proinflammatory cytokines [CXCL1, eotaxin, interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-12]. UC and BC OA show significant differences in their synovial inflammatory pattern. Whereas in UC OA CD14+ macrophages are the predominant cell population, BC OA has a higher inflammatory profile and seems to be driven by CD14+ macrophages and CD4+ T cells. Inclusion of clinical information into the analysis of cellular and molecular results is pivotal in understanding the pathophysiology of OA.
Intermediate long‐term clinical performance of dental implants placed in sites with a previous early implant failure: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Wang Feng , Zhang Zhiyong , Monje Alberto , Huang Wei , Wu Yiqun , Wang Guomin 
Published: November 2014

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this retrospective case–control study was to evaluate the intermediate long‐term clinical performance and success rate of dental implants inserted into sites of previous early implant failure.Material and methodsA retrospective evaluation was conducted on 6456 patients with 10,234 implants from January 2004 to December 2011. The patients with early implant failure retreated in previous failed sites were enrolled in the study. The collected data included patient′s characteristics, implants characteristics (failed and replaced), and if was the case, any additional surgery performed prior or at the same of implant placement to obtain proper hard tissues dimensions. Moreover, peri‐implant clinical parameters, marginal bone loss (MBL), and the implant quality scale (IQS) of the replacement implants were recorded after delivering of the final prosthesis and annually thereafter.ResultsNinety‐six patients (100 implants) showed initial early failure (failure rate = 0.98%). Sixty‐six patients (male: 38; female: 28; mean age: 42.3 ± 18.2 years old) with early implant failure received a total of 67 replacement dental implants. Three patients with three implants dropped out of the study during the mean follow‐up of 69.4 ± 27.0 months. The implant length and diameter were varied for seven sites. The number of sites that required additional surgeries increased from 18 to 24 for first and replacement implant insertion, respectively. One of the 67 replacement implants failed before prosthesis delivery, and one implant failure occurred 20 months after prosthesis delivery, which represented a cumulative survival rate of 94.6%. At last follow‐up evaluation, the overall mean MBL was 1.7 ± 1.3 mm. Two of 64 implants failed according to IQS criteria, three implants showed satisfactory survival, and one implant showed compromised survival. No pain or tenderness was observed in the rest 58 implants evaluated, showing a success rate (optimum health) of 90.6%.ConclusionWithin the limits of the present study, early implant failure was not an obstacle for implant replacement at the same site after an adequate soft and hard tissues healing period.
Acute cutaneous graft‐vs.‐host disease compared to drug hypersensitivity reaction with vacuolar interface changes: a blinded study of microscopic and immunohistochemical features
Authors: Lehman Julia S. , Gibson Lawrence E. , el‐Azhary Rokea A. , Chavan Rahul N. , Hashmi Shahrukh K. , Lohse Christine M. , Flotte Thomas J. 
Published: November 2014

BackgroundComplications from graft‐vs.‐host disease (GVHD), a major contributor to morbidity and mortality following hematopoietic cell transplantation, may be mitigated by early diagnosis and intervention. However, differentiation between acute cutaneous GVHD and other common skin eruptions that develop in the post‐transplantation period, such as drug hypersensitivity reaction, can be challenging clinically and microscopically. Because recent evidence indicates that CD123, a marker of plasmacytoid dendritic cells, can help to distinguish gastrointestinal GVHD from the clinicopathologic mimic cytomegalovirus colitis, we aimed to determine whether CD123 could aid in the diagnosis of acute cutaneous GVHD.MethodsWe studied 12 skin specimens of patients with grades I–II cutaneous GVHD and 12 from patients who had drug hypersensitivity reaction with vacuolar interface changes on biopsy.ResultsNo differences were seen between the two groups with regards to density or distribution of CD123 expression. Specimens representing GVHD showed significantly less spongiosis (P < 0.001) and fewer dermal eosinophils (P = 0.03) compared to those representing drug hypersensitivity reaction.ConclusionsWe conclude that CD123 does not appear to be a useful ancillary test in the diagnosis of acute cutaneous GVHD. Careful correlation between clinical findings and features with microscopy remains the cornerstone of accurate diagnosis of acute cutaneous GVHD.
Dopamine D2 receptors preferentially regulate the development of light responses of the inner retina
Authors: Tian Ning , Xu Hong‐ping , Wang Ping 
Published: November 2014

AbstractRetinal light responsiveness measured via electroretinography undergoes developmental modulation, and is thought to be critically regulated by both visual experience and dopamine. The primary goal of this study was to determine whether dopamine D2 receptors regulate the visual experience‐dependent functional development of the retina. Accordingly, we recorded electroretinograms from wild‐type mice and mice with a genetic deletion of the gene that encodes the D2 receptor raised under normal cyclic light conditions and constant darkness. Our results demonstrate that D2 receptor mutation preferentially increases the amplitude of the inner retinal light responses evoked by high‐intensity light measured as oscillatory potentials in adult mice. During postnatal development, all three major components of electroretinograms, i.e. a‐waves, b‐waves, and oscillatory potentials, increase with age. Comparatively, D2 receptor mutation preferentially reduces the age‐dependent increase in b‐waves evoked by low‐intensity light. Light deprivation from birth reduces b‐wave amplitudes and completely abolishes the increased amplitude of oscillatory potentials of D2 receptor mutants. Taken together, these results demonstrate that D2 receptors play an important role in the activity‐dependent functional development of the mouse retina.
Restless legs syndrome and post polio syndrome: a case−control study
Authors: Romigi A. , Pierantozzi M. , Placidi F. , Evangelista E. , Albanese M. , Liguori C. , Nazzaro M. , Risina B. U. , Simonelli V. , Izzi F. , Mercuri N. B. , Desiato M. T. 
Published: November 2014

Background and purposeThe aim was to investigate the prevalence of restless legs syndrome (RLS), fatigue and daytime sleepiness in a large cohort of patients affected by post polio syndrome (PPS) and their impact on patient health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) compared with healthy subjects.MethodsPPS patients were evaluated by means of the Stanford Sleepiness Scale and the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). The Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36) questionnaire was utilized to assess HRQoL in PPS. RLS was diagnosed when standard criteria were met. Age and sex matched healthy controls were recruited amongst spouses or friends of PPS subjects.ResultsA total of 66 PPS patients and 80 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. A significantly higher prevalence of RLS (P < 0.0005; odds ratio 21.5; 95% confidence interval 8.17–57) was found in PPS patients (PPS/RLS+ 63.6%) than in healthy controls (7.5%). The FSS score was higher in PPS/RLS+ than in PPS/RLS− patients (P = 0.03). A significant decrease of SF‐36 scores, including the physical function (P = 0.001), physical role (P = 0.0001) and bodily pain (P = 0.03) domains, was found in PPS/RLS+ versus PPS/RLS− patients. Finally, it was found that PPS/RLS+ showed a significant correlation between International Restless Legs Scale score and FSS (P < 0.0001), as well as between International Restless Legs Scale score and most of the SF‐36 items (physical role P = 0.0018, general health P = 0.0009, vitality P = 0.0022, social functioning P = 0.002, role emotional P = 0.0019, and mental health P = 0.0003).ConclusionOur findings demonstrate a high prevalence of RLS in PPS, and that RLS occurrence may significantly influence the HRQoL and fatigue of PPS patients. A hypothetical link between neuroanatomical and inflammatory mechanisms in RLS and PPS is suggested.
Immediate effects of transcutaneous electrical stimulation on physiological swallowing effort in older versus young adults
Authors: Berretin‐Felix Giédre , Sia Isaac , Barikroo Ali , Carnaby Giselle D. , Crary Michael A. 
Published: November 2014

ObjectiveThis study compared the immediate impact of different transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) amplitudes on physiological swallowing effort in healthy older adults versus young adults.BackgroundSwallowing physiology changes with age. Reduced physiological swallowing effort in older adults including lower lingua‐palatal and pharyngeal pressures may increase risk for swallowing dysfunction (i.e. dysphagia). Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) has been advocated as an adjunctive modality to enhance outcomes in exercise‐based therapy for individuals with dysphagia. However, significant variation in how TES is applied during therapy remains and the physiological swallowing response to TES is poorly studied, especially in older adults.Materials and methodsPhysiological change in swallowing associated with no stimulation, sensory stimulation and motor stimulation was compared in 20 young adults versus 14 older adults. Lingua‐palatal and pharyngeal manometric pressures assessed physiological swallowing effort.ResultsMultivariate analyses identified interactions between age and stimulation amplitude on lingual and pharyngeal functions. Motor stimulation reduced anterior tongue pressure in both age groups but selectively reduced posterior lingua‐palatal pressures in young adults only. Sensory stimulation increased base of tongue (BOT) pressures in older adults but decreased BOT pressures in young adults. Motor stimulation increased hypopharyngeal pressures in both groups.ConclusionAge and TES level interact in determining immediate physiological responses on swallow performance. A one‐size‐fit‐all approach to TES in dysphagia rehabilitation may be misdirected.
Valuation of depression co‐occurring with a somatic condition: feasibility of the time trade‐off task
Authors: Papageorgiou Katerina , Vermeulen Karin M. , Leijten Fenna R.M. , Buskens Erik , Ranchor Adelita V. , Schroevers Maya J. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackgroundHealth state valuations obtained from the general population are used for cost‐utility analyses of health‐care interventions. Currently, most studies have focused on valuations of somatic conditions, to a much lesser extent of mental states, that is, depression and even less on valuations of depression co‐occurring with somatic conditions.ObjectiveWe tested the feasibility of the time trade‐off (TTO) task to elicit valuations for depression solitary or co‐occurring with a somatic condition. Moreover, we explored person‐ and state‐related factors that may affect valuations.DesignDuring semi‐structured interviews, 10 individuals (five women, mean age: 36 years) used a TTO task to value vignettes describing mild and severe depression; and mild depression co‐occurring with moderate and severe states of cancer, diabetes or heart disease. During valuations, participants were thinking aloud. Feasibility criteria were successful completion and difficulty/concentration (1–10); logical consistency of values; and comprehension of the TTO, based on qualitative analysis of think aloud data. Factors influencing valuations were generated from think aloud data.ResultsParticipants reported satisfactory levels of difficulty (mean: 1.9) and concentration (mean: 8.3) and assigned consistent values. Qualitative analysis revealed difficulties with imagining: living with depression for lifetime (n = 4); reaching the age of 80 (n = 6); and living with a somatic condition and mentally healthy (n = 6). Person‐ and state‐related factors, for example perceived susceptibility to depression (n = 4), appeared to affect valuations.ConclusionQuantitative findings supported feasibility of the valuation protocol, yet qualitative findings indicated that certain task aspects should be readdressed. Factors influencing valuations can be explored to better understand valuations.
Case of vascular air embolism during holmium laser enucleation of the prostate
Authors: Kato Takuma , Sugimoto Mikio , Matsuoka Yuki , Sakura Yuma , Hayashida Yushi , Hirama Hiromi , Tsunemori Hiroyuki , Ueda Nobufumi , Uemura Naoya , Miyawaki Yuki , Shirakami Gotaro , Kakehi Yoshiyuki 
Published: November 2014

AbstractVascular air embolism is a rare complication during transurethral surgery. A case of air embolism during holmium laser enucleation of the prostate in a 76‐year‐old man is presented. During the step of morcellation, the patient's blood pressure suddenly oscillated up and down, and end‐tidal CO2 and arterial saturation decreased. Transesophageal and transthoracic echocardiography showed air collection in the right atrium. It was also discovered that incorrect assembly of the tube from the morcellator caused rapid entrainment of air into the vein. Computed tomography and abdominal X‐ray showed niveau formation in the femoral vein and air collection in the pelvic retroperitoneal space. The patient recovered with careful observation and was discharged 7 days after the operation with no sequelae. This report is presented to remind urologists of this unusual complication that can occur during holmium laser enucleation of the prostate procedures.
A novel mutation in the XPA gene results in two truncated protein variants and leads to a severe XP/neurological symptoms phenotype
Authors: Lehmann J. , Schubert S. , Schäfer A. , Laspe P. , Haenssle H.A. , Ohlenbusch A. , Gratchev A. , Emmert S. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway repairs UV‐induced DNA lesions in an accurate fashion and prevents UV‐irradiated areas of the skin from tumour formation. The XPA protein plays a major role in DNA damage demarcation as well as stabilization of other NER factors and was found to be defective in xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) complementation group A patients.ObjectiveCharacterization of four new XP‐A patients.MethodsGenomic and cDNA sequencing, post‐UV cell survival of living cells, host‐cell reactivation of patients' fibroblasts and Western blotting.ResultsOne of the four investigated patients shows a novel mutation leading to two different truncated protein variants. Three patients contain the already described p.R228X mutation. All patient cell lines exhibit a strong UVC sensitivity and reduced NER capability. In most of the cases stable protein expression was detected.ConclusionWe discovered four new XP‐A patients and a novel XPA mutation resulting in two diverse patient alleles.
Development of the Universal Form of Treatment Options (UFTO) as an alternative to Do Not Attempt Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (DNACPR) orders: a cross‐disciplinary approach
Authors: Fritz Zoë , Fuld Jonathan P. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractRationale aims and objectivesProblems exist with Do Not Attempt Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (DNACPR) orders: they are often misinterpreted by clinicians to mean that other treatments should be withheld; resuscitation decision discussions are difficult; patients remain inappropriately for resuscitation. We developed an alternative approach.MethodsAn adapted Delphi method was used. Senior clinicians were interviewed about the strengths and weakness of current practice. Teams who had initiated alternative approaches internationally were contacted. Focus groups were conducted with doctors, nurses and patients to further understand problems with DNACPR orders and establish essential aspects of a new approach. A behavioral economist and management consultant contributed advice. The resulting form was recirculated and further refined. It was: snowballed out to others with specialist expertise (palliative care physicians, intensivists, etc) for further feedback; assessed in simulated clinical encounters before being piloted; further adjusted once in clinical practice. In parallel, a patient information leaflet was developed along with education materials.ResultsConsensus was achieved that the new approach should: be universal; have discussions and clinical conditions documented first; clarify goals of overall treatment (active treatment or optimal supportive care); contextualize the resuscitation decision among other treatment decisions; have a free text box for ‘opting out’ of invasive treatments, rather than tick boxes; be green; be limited to one page.ConclusionsThe Universal Form of Treatment Options was developed iteratively with patients, doctors and nurses as an alternative approach to resuscitation decisions. This paper illustrates a cross‐disciplinary approach to developing practical alternatives in health care.
Micro‐ and Macrosurgical Techniques in the Coverage of Gingival Recession Using Connective Tissue Graft: 2 Years Follow‐Up
Authors: Nizam Nejat , Bengisu Orhun , Sönmez Şule 
Published: November 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe aim was to evaluate the clinical results of micro‐ and macrosurgical approaches in the coverage of gingival recession using connective tissue graft.Material and MethodsTwenty‐one teeth in microsurgical group (test group) and 21 in macrosurgical group (control group) were treated using coronally positioned flap and subgingival connective tissue graft. Recession depth (RD), recession width (RW), root surface area (RSA), keratinized tissue width (KTW), probing depth, clinical attachment level, pain level during healing, and aesthetic results were evaluated for 24 months.ResultsRD, RW, and RSA were significantly lower at 1, 3, 6, and 24th months compared with baseline in both groups. RD was also significantly lower in the 1st month compared with 24th month in control group. RD and RSA at 24th month were significantly lower in microsurgical group. KTW significantly and similarly increased by 6th month in both groups. The pain levels in the donor and the recipient area decreased earlier in the microsurgical group, and aesthetic scores improved similarly in both groups.ConclusionA microsurgical approach to root coverage with gingival recession is likely to preserve the clinical outcomes longer than macrosurgical approach, at least for 24 months. Healing appears to be faster using microsurgery, but aesthetic outcomes are similar.Clinical SignificanceThis study evaluated the clinical results of microsurgical versus macrosurgical approaches to root coverage in cases of gingival recession. Based on the results of the study, pain levels in the donor and the recipient areas decreased earlier in the microsurgical group, and microsurgical approach resulted in significantly greater amount of root coverage at 24 months.
Membrane protein oxidation determines neuronal degeneration
Authors: Hajieva Parvana , Bayatti Nadhim , Granold Matthias , Behl Christian , Moosmann Bernd 
Published: November 2014

AbstractOxidative stress is an early hallmark in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. However, the critical biochemical effector mechanisms of oxidative neurotoxicity have remained surprisingly elusive. In screening various peroxides and potential substrates of oxidation for their effect on neuronal survival, we observed that intramembrane compounds were significantly more active than aqueous or amphiphilic compounds. To better understand this result, we synthesized a series of competitive and site‐specific membrane protein oxidation inhibitors termed aminoacyllipids, whose structures were designed on the basis of amino acids frequently found at the protein‐lipid interface of synaptic membrane proteins. Investigating the aminoacyllipids in primary neuronal culture, we found that the targeted protection of transmembrane tyrosine and tryptophan residues was sufficient to prevent neurotoxicity evoked by hydroperoxides, kainic acid, glutathione‐depleting drugs, and certain amyloidogenic peptides, but ineffective against non‐oxidative inducers of apoptosis such as sphingosine or Akt kinase inhibitors. Thus, the oxidative component of different neurotoxins appears to converge on neuronal membrane proteins, irrespective of the primary mechanism of cellular oxidant generation. Our results indicate the existence of a one‐electron redox cycle based on membrane protein aromatic surface amino acids, whose disturbance or overload leads to excessive membrane protein oxidation and neuronal death.
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Membrane proteins have rarely been investigated as potential victims of oxidative stress in the context of neurodegeneration. This study provides evidence that excessive one‐electron oxidation of membrane proteins from within the lipid bilayer, depicted in the graphic, is a functionally decisive step toward neuronal cell death in response to different toxins.
A Dyadic Perspective on Speech Accommodation and Social Connection: Both Partners' Rejection Sensitivity Matters
Authors: Aguilar Lauren , Downey Geraldine , Krauss Robert , Pardo Jennifer , Lane Sean , Bolger Niall 
Published: November 2014

AbstractFindings from confederate paradigms predict that mimicry is an adaptive route to social connection for rejection‐sensitive individuals (Lakin, Chartrand, & Arkin, 2008). However, dyadic perspectives predict that whether mimicry leads to perceived connection depends on the rejection sensitivity (RS) of both partners in an interaction. We investigated these predictions in 50 college women who completed a dyadic cooperative task in which members were matched or mismatched in being dispositionally high or low in RS. We used a psycholinguistics paradigm to assess, through independent listeners' judgments (N = 162), how much interacting individuals accommodate phonetic aspects of their speech toward each other. Results confirmed predictions from confederate paradigms in matched RS dyads. However, mismatched dyads showed an asymmetry in levels of accommodation and perceived connection: Those high in RS accommodated more than their low‐RS partner but emerged feeling less connected. Mediational analyses indicated that low‐RS individuals' nonaccommodation in mismatched dyads helped explain their high‐RS partners' relatively low perceived connection to them. Establishing whether mimicry is an adaptive route to social connection requires analyzing mimicry as a dyadic process influenced by the needs of each dyad member.