bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complex Hepatectomy under Total Vascular Exclusion of the Liver: Impact of Ischemic Preconditioning on Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Jeon JangYong , Watkins Anthony , Wagener Gebhard , Samstein Benjamin , Guarrera James , Goldstein Michael , Meltzer Joseph , Kato Tomoaki , Emond Jean C. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackgroundHepatic inflow clamping during hepatectomy introduces ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury, and many authors regard the addition of caval occlusion as adding increased risk. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is one of the protective strategies employed to reduce I/R injury in animal experiments and limited clinical series. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of systematic adoption of IPC in patients undergoing complex hepatectomy under total hepatic vascular exclusion (TVE) based on outcomes review.MethodsThe records of 93 patients who underwent major hepatectomy involving TVE at our center from February 1998 to December 2008 were reviewed. These patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 55, TVE alone) and group 2 (n = 38, TVE with IPC). IPC was performed by portal triad clamping for 10 min followed by 3–5 min of reperfusion prior to TVE and resection.ResultsThe two groups were comparable regarding demographics, underlying liver diseases, indications for hepatectomy, duration of TVE, and preoperative liver and kidney function tests. Overall postoperative laboratory results of liver function tests were not significantly different between the two groups. Creatinine levels and prothrombin times were not significantly different between the groups. The use of IPC had no impact on the duration of the operation, blood loss, or hospital stay. The morbidity rates were 37.5 and 34.2 %, respectively.ConclusionsOur adoption of IPC as a protective strategy against I/R injury under TVE did not affect operative or laboratory parameters and clinical outcomes when compared to continuous clamping for comparable ischemic periods.
Glioma infiltration of the corpus callosum: early signs detected by DTI
Authors: Kallenberg K. , Goldmann T. , Menke J. , Strik H. , Bock H. C. , Stockhammer F. , Buhk J. H. , Frahm J. , Dechent P. , Knauth M. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
The most frequent primary brain tumors, anaplastic astrocytomas (AA) and glioblastomas (GBM): tend to invasion of the surrounding brain. Histopathological studies found malignant cells in macroscopically unsuspicious brain parenchyma remote from the primary tumor, even affecting the contralateral hemisphere. In early stages, diffuse interneural infiltration with changes of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) is suspected. The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of DTI as a possible instrument of depicting evidence of tumor invasion into the corpus callosum (CC). Preoperatively, 31 patients with high-grade brain tumors (8 AA and 23 GBM) were examined by MRI at 3 T, applying a high-resolution diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) sequence. ADC- and FA-values were analyzed in the tumor-associated area of the CC as identified by fiber tracking, and were compared to matched healthy controls. In (MR-)morphologically normal appearing CC the ADC values were elevated in the tumor patients (n = 22; 0.978 × 10−3 mm²/s) compared to matched controls (0.917 × 10−3 mm²/s, p < 0.05), and the corresponding relative FA was reduced (rFA: 88 %, p < 0.01). The effect was pronounced in case of affection of the CC visible on MRI (n = 9; 0.978 × 10−3 mm²/s, p < 0.05; rFA: 72 %, p < 0.01). Changes in diffusivity and anisotropy in the CC can be interpreted as an indicator of tumor spread into the contralateral hemisphere not visible on conventional MRI.
Hip Resurfacing: A 40-Year Perspective
Authors: Amstutz Harlan C. , Le Duff Michel J. 
Published: January 2013

Background Saving bone by resurfacing the femoral head is not a new concept and the appeal for this type of hip replacement has remained despite the difficulties to find a bearing material suitable for this procedure. Purpose In this article, the unique experience of a surgeon who has been performing hip resurfacing since its early development is presented, along with a comparative analysis of the performance of successive designs. Results The overall 10-year Kaplan–Meier survivorship of the early designs with polyethylene bearings did not exceed 62% while that of the current Conserve®Plus metal-on-metal hybrid design implanted with second generation surgical technique is in excess of 92%. Further exceptional, in the 10-year survivorship, 99.7% has been achieved with femoral size of 46 mm and good bone quality. Cementless acetabular components provide better enduring fixation than cemented designs. Discussion Metal-on-metal is currently and fortunately the only highly successful bearing material that can combine low wear rates and the manufacturing of a thin acetabular component to preserve bone and still accommodate the large femoral head of a hip resurfacing. The adverse local tissue reactions (ALTR) associated with metal-on-metal devices are not a bearing material issue per se but one of the device design and surgical technique. Almost all of ALTR and the rare events of systemic toxicity are due to abnormal wear patterns which can be prevented by proper acetabular component design and precise socket orientation in both the coronal and sagittal planes. Further improvements of the long-term durability with hip resurfacing can be anticipated with the use of recently developed trabecular bone-like tantalum or titanium porous coatings and with proper training of the surgeons interested in performing hip resurfacing arthroplasty.
Metal-on-Metal Bearing: Is this the End of the Line? We Do Not Think So
Authors: Migaud Henri , Putman Sophie , Combes Antoine , Berton Charles , Bocquet Donatien , Vasseur Laurent , Girard Julien 
Published: January 2013

Background Recent studies have recommended the discontinuation of metal-on-metal (MoM) components in total hip arthroplasty (THA) because of adverse effects reported with large-diameter MoM THA. This is despite favorable long-term results observed with 28 and 32 mm MoM bearings. Questions/purposes The aim of this study was to assess the value of calls for an end to MoM bearings as THA components. Specifically, we wish to address the risks associated with MoM bearings including adverse soft tissue reactions, metal ion release, and carcinogenic risk. Methods The study evaluates the arguments in the literature reporting on MoM (adverse soft tissue reactions, metal ion release, and carcinogenic risk) and the experience of the current authors who re-introduced these bearings in 1995. They are balanced by a benefit–risk review of the literature and the authors’ experience with MoM use. Results Adverse reactions to metallic debris as well as metal ion release are predictable and can be prevented by adequate design (arc of coverage, clearance), metallurgy (forged instead of cast alloy, high-carbide content), and appropriate component orientation. There is no scientific evidence that carcinogenicity is increased in subjects with MoM hip prostheses. MoM articulations appear to be attractive allowing safe hip resurfacing, decreasing the risk of THA revision in active patients, and providing secure THA fixation with cement in cages in severely deformed hips. MoM bearings in women of child-bearing age are controversial, but long-term data on metallic devices in adolescents undergoing spinal surgery seem reassuring. Discussion Adequate selection of MoM articulations ensures their safe use. These articulations are sensitive to orientation. Fifteen years of safe experience with 28- and 32-mm bearings of forged alloy and high-carbide content is the main reason for retaining them in primary and revision THA.
Hip Arthroscopy: The Use of Computer Assistance
Authors: Nawabi Danyal H. , Nam Denis , Park Caroline , Ranawat Anil S. 
Published: January 2013

Background Hip arthroscopy is rapidly becoming the mainstay of treatment for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), but remains technically demanding and has its limitations. The failures of arthroscopic FAI surgery due to inaccurate and inadequate resection are reported to be increasing. Computer-assisted surgery (CAS) can theoretically improve the accuracy and precision of the osseous resections required to treat FAI. It does so by providing a preoperative assessment tool, an intraoperative tracking device, and a robotic-assisted cutting instrument. Questions/Purposes The purpose of this review is to discuss the evolution of CAS to address the current limitations of arthroscopic FAI surgery and propose the features required of the ideal CAS solution for FAI. Methods A computerized keyword search of MEDLINE was performed for studies that investigated the use of computer assistance in FAI surgery. Data was collected on preoperative assessment tools, intraoperative navigation programs, and robotic-assisted execution of FAI surgery. Results Sixty-one articles were identified after the keyword search. Nineteen studies met our inclusion criteria. Thirteen studies were selected to address our study questions: three studies were analyzed for preoperative planning, six for navigated osseous resection, and four for robotic-assisted execution. Conclusion Navigation and robotic-assisted surgery can preoperatively plan and execute osseous resection with greater accuracy compared to freehand techniques, although the clinical success and cost-effectiveness has yet to be demonstrated. The ideal CAS solution must be able to virtually plan a resection, guide the surgeon towards accurate execution of the plan, and facilitate post-resection assessment of the adequacy of resection.
Educational Differences in Completed Fertility: A Behavioral Genetic Study of Finnish Male and Female Twins
Authors: Nisén Jessica , Martikainen Pekka , Kaprio Jaakko , Silventoinen Karri 
Published: January 2013

AbstractDespite the large body of research on educational differences in fertility, how genetic and environmental influences may contribute to educational differences in completed fertility is not well understood. This study examines the association between educational level and completed fertility in a sample of Finnish male and female twins born between 1950 and 1957 with register-based fertility follow-up until 2009. The results show that poorly educated men and highly educated women are least likely to have any children and have lower completed fertility in general. Behavioral genetics analysis suggests that the association between education and having any children in both sexes is influenced by factors shared by co-twins and that these factors are genetic rather than common environmental. No evidence of a causal pathway between education and having any children independent of these shared influences is found. These findings suggest that familial factors may play a role in the process through which educational differences in completed fertility are formed.
A retrospective review of abdominal wall endometriosis in Shanghai, China
Authors: Ding Yan , Zhu Jin 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo quantify the demographic characteristics, symptoms, and outcomes of women with abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE) in order to identify the optimal treatment and prevention techniques for AWE in the Chinese population.MethodsIn a retrospective study, women diagnosed with AWE at the Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China, between January 2003 and December 2011 were identified from the hospital's medical records. Data on patient age, previous surgeries, symptoms, asymptomatic time interval, duration of complaints, mass location, size, tenderness, diagnosis, treatment, and recurrence were analyzed.ResultsDuring the study period, 229 women were diagnosed with AWE, and histopathologic confirmation was obtained for 227 women (mean age, 31.7 ± 3.8 years). Each of these patients had undergone previous surgery, and 14 had undergone resection for AWE. The primary symptoms were pain, either cyclical (65.2%) or noncyclical (27.3%), and presence of a mass (84.1%; mean diameter, 2.9 ± 1.3 cm). The mean time interval between previous surgery and onset of symptoms was 2.3 ± 2.2 years. For all patients, the abdominal mass was surgically excised. The postoperative recurrence rate was 1.5%.ConclusionComplete resection is the primary treatment for AWE. A combination of surgical re‐excision and postoperative adjuvant medical therapy is recommended for patients with recurrent AWE.
Prospective study of alcohol consumption and the incidence of the metabolic syndrome in US men
Authors: Stoutenberg Mark , Lee Duck-chul , Sui Xuemei , Hooker Steven , Horigian Viviana , Perrino Tatiana , Blair Steven 
Published: January 2013

Few studies have evaluated the effects of alcohol consumption on the incidence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Therefore, the objective of the present study was to examine the association between alcohol consumption and incident MetS in a population of US men. This is a prospective study of 7483 Caucasian men, who were free of the MetS and CVD at baseline. Information was collected on alcohol consumption, health status and fitness level at an initial clinical examination. Additional health information and determination of incident cases of the MetS were obtained at follow-up clinical examinations between 1979 and 2005. Compared with non-drinkers, the multivariate hazard ratios of the MetS for light (1–3 drinks/week), moderate (4–7 drinks/week), moderate–heavy (8–13 drinks/week) and heavy ( ≥ 14 drinks/week) drinkers were 0·81 (95 % CI 0·68, 0·95), 0·68 (95 % CI 0·57, 0·80), 0·70 (95 % CI 0·59, 0·83) and 0·78 (95 % CI 0·66, 0·91), respectively. This association was seen across age groups, in men with one or more pre-existing MetS risk factors, and those with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, and in all alcohol beverage types at most levels of alcohol consumption. An inverse dose–response association between alcohol consumption and low HDL concentrations was observed, while significant associations were observed between high fasting glucose concentrations and moderate, moderate–heavy and heavy levels of alcohol consumption. Alcohol consumption was not significantly associated with central obesity, hypertriacylglycerolaemia or hypertension. All levels of alcohol consumption provided significant inverse associations with incidence of the MetS. In particular, this effect was observed in overweight and/or obese individuals, in those who had pre-existing risk factors for the MetS, and extended across all types of alcoholic beverages consumed.
Remating behavior in Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) females is affected by male juvenile hormone analog treatment but not by male sterilization
Authors: Abraham S. , Liendo M.C. , Devescovi F. , Peralta P.A. , Yusef V. , Ruiz J. , Cladera J.L. , Vera M.T. , Segura D.F. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe sterile insect technique (SIT) has been proposed as an area-wide method to control the South American fruit fly, Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann). This technique requires sterilization, a procedure that affects, along with other factors, the ability of males to modulate female sexual receptivity after copulation. Numerous pre-release treatments have been proposed to counteract the detrimental effects of irradiation, rearing and handling and increase SIT effectiveness. These include treating newly emerged males with a juvenile hormone mimic (methoprene) or supplying protein to the male's diet to accelerate sexual maturation prior to release. Here, we examine how male irradiation, methoprene treatment and protein intake affect remating behavior and the amount of sperm stored in inseminated females. In field cage experiments, we found that irradiated laboratory males were equally able to modulate female remating behavior as fertile wild males. However, females mated with 6-day-old, methoprene-treated males remated more and sooner than females mated with naturally matured males, either sterile or wild. Protein intake by males was not sufficient to overcome reduced ability of methoprene-treated males to induce refractory periods in females as lengthy as those induced by wild and naturally matured males. The amount of sperm stored by females was not affected by male irradiation, methoprene treatment or protein intake. This finding revealed that factors in addition to sperm volume intervene in regulating female receptivity after copulation. Implications for SIT are discussed.
Cyclic patterns of cerebral malaria admissions in Papua New Guinea for the years 1987–1996
Authors: DIMITROV B. D. , VALEV D. , WERNER R. , ATANASSOVA P. A. 
Published: January 2013

SUMMARYData on the dynamics of malaria incidence, admissions and mortality and their best possible description are very important to better forecast and assess the implementation of programmes to register, monitor (e.g. by remote sensing) and control the disease, especially in endemic zones. Semi-annual and seasonal cycles in malaria rates have been observed in various countries and close similarity with cycles in the natural environment (temperature, heliogeophysical activity, etc.), host immunity and/or virulence of the parasite suggested. This study aimed at confirming previous results on malaria cyclicity by exploring whether trans-year and/or multiannual cycles might exist. The exploration of underlying chronomes (time structures) was done with raw data (without smoothing) by linear and nonlinear parametric regression models, autocorrelation, spectral (Fourier) and periodogram regression analysis. The strongest cyclical patterns of detrended malaria admissions were (i) annual period of 1·0 year (12 months or seasonality); (ii) quasi-biennial cycle of about 2·25 years; and (iii) infrannual, circadecennial cycle of about 10·3 years. The seasonal maximum occurred in May with the minimum in September. Notably, these cycles corresponded to similar cyclic components of heliogeophysical activity such as sunspot seasonality and solar activity cyclicities and well-known climate/weather oscillations. Further analyses are thus warranted to investigate such similarities. In conclusion, multicomponent cyclical dynamics of cerebral malaria admissions in Papua New Guinea were observed thus allowing more specific analyses and modelling as well as correlations with environmental factors of similar cyclicity to be explored. Such further results might also contribute to and provide more precise estimates for the forecasting and prevention, as well as the better understanding, of the dynamics and aetiology of this vector-borne disease.
Current state of palliative and end-of-life care in home versus inpatient facilities and urban versus rural settings in Africa
Authors: Jang Jessica , Lazenby Mark 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjective:Because palliative care in sub-Saharan Africa may not fit the style of delivery of palliative care in the global north, exploring the evidence can serve to reduce existing barriers and help streamline national policies that determine the optimal setting to implement formal palliative and end-of-life services.Method:A search was conducted in Ovid MEDLINE®, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases using the search terms nursing care, terminal care, end of life care, palliative care, dying, death, hospice, opioids, morphine, Africa, sub-Saharan Africa, caregivers, and place of death. Eighty-seven relevant articles were found using the search terms. Of these, 22 matched inclusion criteria and were reviewed.Results:Opioid availability and distribution is best accessed at the inpatient level, and hence, pain and end-of-life symptoms are best managed at the inpatient level. Despite the great need, nurses’ lack of prescription power in the home-based setting is a shortcoming. Home deaths have not been adequately studied, but research suggests that palliative care generally causes economic strain, psychosocial distress on family members, and increased risk of transmission of communicable disease. Hospice is understudied but shows favorable outcomes.Significance of results:Funding and research need to focus on development of inpatient palliative and hospice care units in urban areas. In rural areas, the priority should be a home-based care model that involves nurses who are privileged to prescribe opioids and adjunctive medication therapies.
Low-power CMOS LNA based on dual resistive-feedback structure with peaking inductor for wideband application
Authors: Hsu Meng-Ting , Hsu Shih-Yu , Lin Yu-Hwa 
Published: January 2013

This paper presents a low-power and low-noise amplifier (LNA) with resistive-feedback configuration. The design consists of two resistive-feedback amplifiers. In order to reduce the chip area, a resistive-feedback inverter is adopted for input matching. The output stage adopts basic topology of an RC feedback for output matching, and adds two inductors for inductive peaking at the high band. The implemented LNA has a peak gain of 10.5 dB, the input reflection coefficient S11is lower than −8 dB and the output reflection S22is lower than −10.8 dB, and noise figure of 4.2–5.2 dB is between 1 and 10 GHz while consuming 12.65 mW from a 1.5 V supply. The chip area is only 0.69 mm2and the figure of merit is 6.64 including the area estimation. The circuit was fabricated in a TSMC 0.18 um CMOS process.
ICAT is a novel Ptf1a interactor that regulates pancreatic acinar differentiation and displays altered expression in tumours
Authors: Campos M. Luisa , Sánchez-Arévalo Lobo Víctor J. , Rodolosse Annie , Gottardi Cara J. , Mafficini Andrea , Beghelli Stefania , Scardoni Maria , Bassi Claudio , Scarpa Aldo , Real Francisco X. 
Published: January 2013

The PTF1 (pancreas transcription factor 1) complex is a master regulator of differentiation of acinar cells, responsible for the production of digestive enzymes. In the adult pancreas, PTF1 contains two pancreas-restricted transcription factors: Ptf1a and Rbpjl. PTF1 recruits P/CAF [p300/CREB (cAMP-response-element-binding protein)-binding protein-associated factor] which acetylates Ptf1a and enhances its transcriptional activity. Using yeast two-hybrid screening, we identified ICAT (inhibitor of β-catenin and Tcf4) as a novel Ptf1a interactor. ICAT regulates the Wnt pathway and cell proliferation. We validated and mapped the ICAT–Ptf1a interaction in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrated that, following its overexpression in acinar tumour cells, ICAT regulates negatively PTF1 activity in vitro and in vivo. This effect was independent of β-catenin and was mediated by direct binding to Ptf1a and displacement of P/CAF. ICAT also modulated the expression of Pdx1 and Sox9 in acinar tumour cells. ICAT overexpression reduced the interaction of Ptf1a with Rbpjl and P/CAF and impaired Ptf1a acetylation by P/CAF. ICAT did not affect the subcellular localization of Ptf1a. In human pancreas, ICAT displayed a cell-type-specific distribution; in acinar and endocrine cells, it was nuclear, whereas in ductal cells, it was cytoplasmic. In ductal adenocarcinomas, ICAT displayed mainly a nuclear or mixed distribution and the former was an independent marker of survival. ICAT regulates acinar differentiation and it does so through a novel Wnt pathway-independent mechanism that may contribute to pancreatic disease.
Uracil DNA glycosylase initiates degradation of HIV-1 cDNA containing misincorporated dUTP and prevents viral integration
Authors: Weil Amy F. , Ghosh Devlina , Zhou Yan , Seiple Lauren , McMahon Moira A. , Spivak Adam M. , Siliciano Robert F. , Stivers James T. 
Published: January 2013

Significance
Misincorporation of dUTP into DNA is detrimental to eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and viruses. This study reveals the fate of uracilated HIV-1 DNA in human cells. Early stages of the viral life cycle are unaffected, but integration of uracilated viral DNA into the host genome is prevented. This effect is wholly dependent on the presence of UNG2, a nuclear enzyme that excises uracil from DNA. This study establishes that UNG2 is a restriction factor for uracilated HIV-1 DNA and explains why this pathway is not fully engaged in CD4+ T cells and macrophages.