bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the hub genes and potential mechanisms of complement system-related genes in Parkinson disease: based on transcriptome sequencing and Mendelian randomization
Authors: Wang Xin , Yang Gaoming , Lai Yali , Li Yuanyuan , Liu Xindong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

An accurate diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains challenging and the exact cause of the disease is unclean. The aims are to identify hub genes associated with the complement system in PD and to explore their underlying molecular mechanisms. Initially, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and key module genes related to PD were mined through differential expression analysis and WGCNA. Then, differentially expressed CSRGs (DE-CSRGs) were obtained by intersecting the DEGs, key module genes and CSRGs. Subsequently, MR analysis was executed to identify genes causally associated with PD. Based on genes with significant MR results, the expression level and diagnostic performance verification were achieved to yield hub genes. Functional enrichment and immune infiltration analyses were accomplished to insight into the pathogenesis of PD. qRT-PCR was employed to evaluate the expression levels of hub genes. After MR analysis and related verification, CD93, CTSS, PRKCD and TLR2 were finally identified as hub genes. Enrichment analysis indicated that the main enriched pathways for hub genes. Immune infiltration analysis found that the hub genes showed significant correlation with a variety of immune cells (such as myeloid-derived suppressor cell and macrophage). In the qRT-PCR results, the expression levels of CTSS, PRKCD and TLR2 were consistent with those we obtained from public databases. Hence, we mined four hub genes associated with complement system in PD which provided novel perspectives for the diagnosis and treatment of PD.
Early Warning Study of Field Station Process Safety Based on VMD-CNN-LSTM-Self-Attention for Natural Gas Load Prediction
Authors: Zhao Wei , Shao Bilin , Tian Ning , Zhang Weng , Zhao Xue , Wu Shuqiang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

As a high-risk production unit, natural gas supply enterprises are increasingly recognizing the need to enhance production safety management. Traditional process warning methods, which rely on fixed alarm values, often fail to adequately account for dynamic changes in the production process. To address this issue, this study utilizes deep learning techniques to enhance the accuracy and reliability of natural gas load forecasting. By considering the benefits and feasibility of integrating multiple models, a VMD-CNN-LSTM-Self-Attention interval prediction method was innovatively proposed and developed. Empirical research was conducted using data from natural gas field station outgoing loads. The primary model constructed is a deep learning model for interval prediction of natural gas loads, which implements a graded alarm mechanism based on 85%, 90%, and 95% confidence intervals of real-time observations. This approach represents a novel strategy for enhancing enterprise safety production management. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms traditional warning models, reducing MAE, MAPE, MESE, and REMS by 1.13096m3/h, 1.3504%, 7.6363m3/h, 1.6743m3/h, respectively, while improving R2 by 0.04698. These findings are expected to offer valuable insights for enhancing safe production management in the natural gas industry and provide new perspectives for the industry's digital and intelligent transformation.
Sustainable Development of Strategic Regions in Urban Spaces: A Comparison Study of Rail Transit Central Stations Planning in China
Authors: Xin Jin , Wang Zelin , Deng Xin , Su Jiafu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Sustainable urbanization has entered an intensive land development phase in China. Current rail transit developments are forcing urbanization researchers to focus on conflicts with the built environment. In order to achieve resource systematization and spatial intensification, this paper explores regional transformation in Chengdu, a "new first-tier" city in China. Research objects are selected based on the fact that these areas have rail transit systems that interact with existing built-up areas and there is an intent for intensive urbanization. Studies reveal that compact city development is closely associated with transit-oriented development (TOD). In the strategic region of central stations, disorderly land use has been exacerbated by unclear pathways for density growth and functional combination patterns. More research parameters and thresholds are needed to construct a quantitative framework and construction standards, while drawing on Shanghai's successful development in strategic areas of central stations, which is aligned with China's national conditions. Therefore, based on the quantification objectives of density and function derived from the compact city theory, this paper explores the differences in intensive urbanization indicators between the strategic region of central stations of Chengdu and Shanghai, and analyzes the indicator thresholds for different regional types (new urban areas and old urban areas) according to the principles of normal distribution, providing quantitative support for the intensive development of strategic region of central stations in Chengdu.
Brevibacterium litoralis sp. nov., a cellulose-degrading strain isolated from marine surface sediment
Authors: Yang Quan , Zhao Aolin , Liu Haifei , Li Jiawei , Wu Shujing , Huang Ying , Weng Jie , Jiang Mingguo , Jiang Yi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

A Gram stain-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile, short-rod actinomyces strain GXQ1321T was isolated from maritime surface sediments in Beihai(11°46′21.11″N, 109°62′56.25″E), Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and a number of categorization studies were performed. Following a period of 72 hours of incubation at a temperature of 30°C within an actinomycetes culture medium, the colony was yellow, circular, smooth, central bulge, convex, opaque, with a 1.8-3.0 mm diameter. Strain GXQ1321T has the ability to produce amylase and cellulase. Chemotaxonomic studies revealed that the major menaquinone in strain GXQ1321T is MK-8. The most prevalent cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C19:0 (27.28%), anteiso-C15:0 (18.97%), anteiso-C17:0 (15.95%), and iso-C16:0 (12.21%). The whole-cell sugars of the strain GXQ1321T identified were rhamnose, xylose and glucose. Strain GXQ1321T exhibited the presence of meso-diaminopimelic acid (m-DAP) as a distinctive cell-wall diamino acid, and the polar lipids were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), three phosphoglycolipid (PGL), phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and two unknown glycolipid (UG). This strain had 69.6% DNA G + C content. Strain GXQ1321T is classified as Brevibacterium based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence. It is closely related to Brevibacterium samyangense SST-8T (96.77%) and Brevibacterium rongguiense 5221T (96.32%). The results showed that the average nucleotide identity (ANI) values of GXQ1321T and the above two strain tyoes were 73.91–77.14%, and the digital DNA-DNA hybridisation (dDDH) values were 15.3–21.1%. Based on the phylogenetic, chemotaxonomi and physiologicalc data, strain GXQ1321T was considered to be a new species of the genus Brevibacterium, named Brevibacterium litoralis sp. nov, with the type strain GXQ1321T (= MCCC 1K08964T = KCTC 59167T).
Prevalence and Clinical Associations of Relative Anterior Microphthalmos assessed with an Optical Biometer
Authors: Annopawong Kornkamol , Sriyuttag Wararee , Chainakul Methaphon , Arjkongharn Niracha , Seresirikachorn Kasem , Kongsomboon Kittipong , Wanichwecharungruang Boonsong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background/Objective:
Relative anterior microphthalmos (RAM) is a rare ocular condition characterized by disproportionately small anterior segments but normal axial length (corneal diameter < 11 mm and axial length > 20 mm). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of RAM and its association with glaucoma utilizing IOL Master 700 data (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany).
Subject/Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted of the biometric parameters of 6,407 eyes, and 115 cases of RAM were identified. The incidence of glaucoma was assessed, together with the outcomes of cataract surgery in cases of RAM with glaucoma.
Results
RAM prevalence was 1.8%. RAM patients had a higher incidence of glaucoma (26.1%), notably of the angle-closure subtype. Cataract surgery significantly reduced intraocular pressure in cases of RAM with glaucoma; however, RAM patients experienced a higher rate of surgical complications.
Conclusion
RAM poses clinical challenges due to its association with glaucoma and increased surgical risks. This study emphasizes the importance of advanced diagnostic tools such as the IOL Master in tailoring interventions to optimize patient outcomes.
Automated Methodologies for Evaluating Lying, Hallucinations, and Bias in Large Language Models
Authors: Ecurali George , Thackeray Zelie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

As large language models become integral to various applications, ensuring the reliability and impartiality of their outputs is of paramount importance. The proposed methodologies for evaluating truthfulness, hallucinations, and bias in AI models represent a significant advancement, offering an automated and objective approach to validation without human intervention. Automated fact-checking systems, synthetic datasets, consistency analysis, and bias detection algorithms were integrated to provide a comprehensive evaluation framework. Results from these experiments indicated high accuracy in identifying truthful information, robust discernment of true versus false statements, stable performance across diverse scenarios, and effective mitigation of biases. These findings highlight the potential for enhancing AI reliability and fairness, contributing to the development of more trustworthy AI systems. Future research directions include expanding reference databases, refining synthetic datasets, and improving bias detection techniques to further enhance model evaluations.
Assessing pollution vulnerability in groundwater: A case study of Kala Shah Kaku industrial complex
Authors: Anwar Momina , Mazhar Usman 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Various factors, such as industrialization, population growth, and urbanization, have caused water quality and availability to decline worldwide, resulting in water crises in many regions and millions of annual deaths from water-related diseases. The study aimed to assess the groundwater quality in Kala Shah Kaku, an industrial area in central Punjab, Pakistan. Groundwater samples from six locations were analyzed for physical and chemical parameters and heavy metals. The results revealed that Kala Shah Kaku's groundwater is unsuitable for drinking due to exceeding the physical and chemical parameters range. The study identified industrial effluents from nearby industries as the primary source of pollution in the area's groundwater. These findings emphasize the urgent need for remedial measures to address industrial pollution and protect groundwater resources in Kala Shah Kaku.
Transient hydraulic analysis of the water delivery pipeline in mountainous areas for cascade pressurized pump stations
Authors: Li Ran , Li Hang , Lv Mou , Wang Cong , Cheng Yaoyao 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Aiming at the problem that cascade pressurized pump stations in mountainous areas are more prone to pump shutdown accidents compared to single-stage pressurized pump stations. Various pump shutdown accidents that may occur in the pressurized water supply system of the cascade pumping station were analyzed in a targeted manner. Additionally, it was also explored that in addition to water hammer protection measures, remote-control measures for water pumps based on PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) may be used to reduce the severity of accidents. A single-factor experimental method was used to numerically analyze various accident conditions of a simplified model of a three-stage series pressurized water delivery system consisting of a water intake pump station, a midway pump station, and a final-stage pump station, without water hammer protection devices. The impact of different control variables on the transient hydraulic calculations of pumping stations at all levels was evaluated. The results showed that optimizing the precedence of shutdowns, and the sequential shutdown times of each stage pump station could be assisted to some extent in water hammer protection by the PLC. This provides technical support and detailed optimization for the scientific control of cascade booster pumping stations in mountainous areas.
Factors Associated With the Spatial Distribution of Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Zhejiang Province, China: Risk Analysis Based on Maximum Entropy
Authors: Tao Mingyong , Liu Ying , Ling Feng , Ren Jiangping , Zhang Rong , Shi Xuguang , Guo Song , Jiang Jianmin , Sun Jimin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease that was first identified in mainland China in 2009 and has been reported in Zhejiang Province, China, since 2011. However, few studies have focused on the association between ticks, host animals, and SFTS.

Objective
In this study, we analyzed the influence of meteorological and environmental factors as well as the influence of ticks and host animals on SFTS. This can serve as a foundational basis for the development of strategic policies aimed at the prevention and control of SFTS.

Methods
Data on SFTS incidence, tick density, cattle density, and meteorological and environmental factors were collected and analyzed using a maximum entropy–based model.

Results
As of December 2019, 463 laboratory-confirmed SFTS cases were reported in Zhejiang Province. We found that the density of ticks, precipitation in the wettest month, average temperature, elevation, and the normalized difference vegetation index were significantly associated with SFTS spatial distribution. The niche model fitted accurately with good performance in predicting the potential risk areas of SFTS (the average test area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the replicate runs was 0.803 and the SD was 0.013). The risk of SFTS occurrence increased with an increase in tick density, and the response curve indicated that the risk was greater than 0.5 when tick density exceeded 1.4. The risk of SFTS occurrence decreased with increased precipitation in the wettest month, and the risk was less than 0.5 when precipitation exceeded 224.4 mm. The relationship between elevation and SFTS occurrence showed a reverse V shape, and the risk peaked at approximately 400 m.

Conclusions
Tick density, precipitation, and elevation were dominant influencing factors for SFTS, and comprehensive intervention measures should be adjusted according to these factors to reduce SFTS incidence in Zhejiang Province.
Prototype of an App Designed to Support Self-Management for Health Behaviors and Weight in Women Living With Breast Cancer: Qualitative User Experience Study
Authors: Lally Phillippa , May Christine N , Mitchell E Siobhan , McCallum Meaghan , Michaelides Andreas , Fisher Abigail 
Published: August 2024

Background
Accessible self-management interventions are required to support people living with breast cancer.

Objective
This was an industry-academic partnership study that aimed to collect qualitative user experience data of a prototype app with built-in peer and coach support designed to support the management of health behaviors and weight in women living with breast cancer.

Methods
Participants were aged ≥18 years, were diagnosed with breast cancer of any stage within the last 5 years, had completed active treatment, and were prescribed oral hormone therapy. Participants completed demographic surveys and were asked to use the app for 4 weeks. Following this, they took part in in-depth qualitative interviews about their experiences. These were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results
Eight participants (mean age, 45 years; mean time since diagnosis, 32 months) were included. Of the 8 participants, 7 (88%) were white, 6 (75%) had a graduate degree or above, and 6 (75%) had stage I-III breast cancer. Four overarching themes were identified: (1) Support for providing an app earlier in the care pathway; (2) Desire for more weight-focused content tailored to the breast cancer experience; (3) Tracking of health behaviors that are generally popular; and (4) High value of in-app social support.

Conclusions
This early user experience work showed that women with breast cancer found an app with integrated social and psychological support appealing to receive support for behavior change and weight management or self-management. However, many features were recommended for further development. This work is the first step in an academic-industry collaboration that would ultimately aim to develop and empirically test a supportive app that could be integrated into the cancer care pathway.
The Opportunities and Risks of Large Language Models in Mental Health
Authors: Lawrence Hannah R , Schneider Renee A , Rubin Susan B , Matarić Maja J , McDuff Daniel J , Jones Bell Megan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Global rates of mental health concerns are rising, and there is increasing realization that existing models of mental health care will not adequately expand to meet the demand. With the emergence of large language models (LLMs) has come great optimism regarding their promise to create novel, large-scale solutions to support mental health. Despite their nascence, LLMs have already been applied to mental health–related tasks. In this paper, we summarize the extant literature on efforts to use LLMs to provide mental health education, assessment, and intervention and highlight key opportunities for positive impact in each area. We then highlight risks associated with LLMs’ application to mental health and encourage the adoption of strategies to mitigate these risks. The urgent need for mental health support must be balanced with responsible development, testing, and deployment of mental health LLMs. It is especially critical to ensure that mental health LLMs are fine-tuned for mental health, enhance mental health equity, and adhere to ethical standards and that people, including those with lived experience with mental health concerns, are involved in all stages from development through deployment. Prioritizing these efforts will minimize potential harms to mental health and maximize the likelihood that LLMs will positively impact mental health globally.
AI in Dental Radiology—Improving the Efficiency of Reporting With ChatGPT: Comparative Study
Authors: Stephan Daniel , Bertsch Annika , Burwinkel Matthias , Vinayahalingam Shankeeth , Al-Nawas Bilal , Kämmerer Peer W , Thiem Daniel GE 
Published: August 2024

Background
Structured and standardized documentation is critical for accurately recording diagnostic findings, treatment plans, and patient progress in health care. Manual documentation can be labor-intensive and error-prone, especially under time constraints, prompting interest in the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to automate and optimize these processes, particularly in medical documentation.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of ChatGPT (OpenAI) in generating radiology reports from dental panoramic radiographs, comparing the performance of AI-generated reports with those manually created by dental students.

Methods
A total of 100 dental students were tasked with analyzing panoramic radiographs and generating radiology reports manually or assisted by ChatGPT using a standardized prompt derived from a diagnostic checklist.

Results
Reports generated by ChatGPT showed a high degree of textual similarity to reference reports; however, they often lacked critical diagnostic information typically included in reports authored by students. Despite this, the AI-generated reports were consistent in being error-free and matched the readability of student-generated reports.

Conclusions
The findings from this study suggest that ChatGPT has considerable potential for generating radiology reports, although it currently faces challenges in accuracy and reliability. This underscores the need for further refinement in the AI’s prompt design and the development of robust validation mechanisms to enhance its use in clinical settings.
PENGARUH MEROKOK ELEKTRIK TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAMBUNG : LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Nurhamidah Syifa , Sophia Popi , Astuti Ayu Prameswari Kusuma 
Published: August 2024

Rokok elektrik atau vape diluncurkan sebagai izin dari rokok konvensional. Namun, seiring berjalannya waktu pro dan kontra dari rokok elektrik bermunculan. Baik dari penggunaan rokok elektriknya ataupun dampaknya. Pengguna rokok elektrik di Indonesia terdiri dari berbagai kalangan usia. Anak-anak sampai dengan kelompok dewasa tercatat sudah mulai menggunakan rokok elektrik. Penggunaan rokok elektrik tersebut sangat mempengaruhi. Tinjauan sistematis dilakukan untuk mendapatkan data yang lebih akurat terkait dampak rokok elektrik terhadap penyakit lambung. Pencarian artikel dilakukan dengan menggunakan kata kunci Rokok Elektrik, Rokok Elektrik, Vaping, Gastritis dan GERD. Cakupan artikel yang dipilih terbitan pada tahun 2019-2024. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 4 artikel penelitian, dimana diperoleh 3 artikel yang menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara penggunaan rokok elektrik dengan penyakit lambung. Dan 1 artikel menunjukkan hasil penggunaan vape hanya nikotin, kemungkinan memiliki gejala gastrointestinal yang jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang tidak pernah menggunakan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu rokok elektrik tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap penyakit lambung seperti GERD. Meski demikian, adanya tanda gejala pada sistem pencernaan sebagai manifestasi klinis penyakit lambung harus tetap diwaspadai. Untuk selanjutnya diperlukan adanya penelitian lanjutan mengenai rokok elektrik pada penyakit lambung dengan desain penelitian yang berbeda.
Enhanced Saccharification Yield of Alkali Pretreated Sugarcane Bagasse Utilizing Customized Cellulase Cocktail from Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Kumar Nitin , Gupta Ravi 
Published: August 2024

The experiment was conducted during 2023 at Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of RBEE, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, India. Compositional changes in sugarcane bagasse subjected to varying concentrations of sodium hydroxide (0.3% to 1.2%), revealing significant increases in glucan content (from 37.13% to 53.81%) alongside decreases in xylan, acid-insoluble lignin, acid-soluble lignin, ash, and other extractives. These changes were validated using microscopic technique SEM, confirming the efficacy of the pretreatment process. The utilization of a customized cellulase cocktail derived from Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride holds significant promise in enhancing the saccharification from alkali-pretreated sugarcane bagasse. This study investigates the synergistic effects of cellulase enzymes produced by these fungi on the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. The enzymatic hydrolysis process is optimized by varying enzyme dosages, reaction conditions, and incubation times to maximize the release of fermentable sugars. Results indicate a substantial improvement in saccharification efficiency with the customized cellulase cocktail, highlighting its potential for sustainable biofuel production. The pretreated sugarcane bagasse, when saccharified with Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride individually, released 254.43 mg g-1 and 325.53 mg g-1 of reducing sugars, respectively, after 40 h of incubation. In contrast, the combined enzymatic cocktail achieved a substantial increase in glucose yields (345.12 mg g-1) at 40 h, showcasing the synergistic effect of the combined enzymatic activity. This research contributes to advancing bioconversion technologies for utilizing lignocellulosic biomass resources efficiently and economically, thus addressing key challenges in sustainable energy production.