bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rabies surveillance in the United States during 2011
Authors: Blanton Jesse D. , Dyer Jessie , McBrayer Jesse , Rupprecht Charles E. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Summary—During 2011, 49 states and Puerto Rico reported 6,031 rabid animals and 6 human rabies cases to the CDC, representing a 1.9% decrease from the 6,153 rabid animals and 2 human cases reported in 2010. Approximately 92% of reported rabid animals were wildlife. Relative contributions by the major animal groups were as follows: 1,981 raccoons (32.8%), 1,627 skunks (27.0%), 1,380 bats (22.9%), 427 foxes (7.1%), 303 cats (5.0%), 65 cattle (1.1%), and 70 dogs (1.2%). Compared with 2010, there was a substantial increase in the number of rabid skunks reported. Six cases of rabies involving humans were reported from California, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, and South Carolina. Three cases reported from Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York were determined to be a result of canine rabies virus variants acquired outside the United States.
Effect of extradurally administered morphine on postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing surgery for thoracolumbar intervertebral disk extrusion
Authors: Aprea Francesco , Cherubini Giunio B. , Palus Viktor , Vettorato Enzo , Corletto Federico 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Objective—To investigate the effect of intraoperative extradural morphine administration on postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing thoracolumbar spinal surgery to treat disk extrusion.
Design—Prospective clinical trial.
Animals—26 client-owned dogs undergoing thoracolumbar spinal surgery.
Procedures—Animals were randomly allocated to receive morphine (0.1 mg/kg [0.045 mg/lb], extradurally) or no treatment (control group). Following preanesthetic medication with methadone (0.25 mg/kg [0.11 mg/lb], IM), anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane or sevoflurane in oxygen. Lidocaine and fentanyl were administered during surgery in both groups at fixed rates. In the morphine administration group, morphine was splashed over the dura mater immediately prior to wound closure. Postoperative analgesia was assessed for 48 hours by assessors unaware of group allocation, and methadone was administered as rescue analgesic. Demographic characteristics, urinary output, days of hospitalization, and perioperative use of analgesics were compared via a Mann-Whitney U test.
Results—Demographic data were similar between groups. In the morphine administration group, 2 of 13 dogs required postoperative methadone, and in the control group, methadone was administered to 11 of 13 dogs. The total number of doses of methadone administered in the 48 hours after surgery was 28 in the control group and 3 in the morphine administration group. No adverse effects were recorded in any group.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Intraoperative extradural morphine administration was effective in reducing postoperative analgesic requirement. Dogs undergoing thoracolumbar spinal surgery benefited from topical administration of preservative-free morphine administered directly on the dura mater as part of analgesic management.
Laparoscopic-assisted urinary bladder marsupialization in a goat that developed recurrent urethral obstruction following perineal urethrostomy
Authors: Hunter Barbara G. , Huber Michael J. , Riddick Tara L. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Case Description—A 5-year-old castrated male Nigerian Dwarf goat with recurrent urethral obstruction after perineal urethrostomy.
Clinical Findings—The wether goat was referred for evaluation of a perineal urethrostomy site; perineal urethrostomy had been performed 1.5 years earlier. The site was patent, but a moderate stricture was found just cranial to the perineal urethrostomy site. The goat had obstructed urine flow at the stricture site repeatedly in the previous few months.
Treatment and Outcome—Laparoscopically assisted urinary bladder marsupialization was recommended. The procedure was performed with the patient under general anesthesia in dorsal recumbency; food had been withheld for 36 hours prior to anesthesia. Ventral midline and left caudal paramedian portals were made for the laparoscopic camera and instruments. A larger incision in the right caudal paramedian portion of the abdomen was used to create the marsupialization stoma. Laparoscopic observation of anatomic structures within the abdomen was excellent. The goat recovered well from surgery and was discharged the day following surgery. Follow-up examinations were done every few months after surgery, and dermatitis of the abdominal skin secondary to urine scald was the only postoperative complication. At 9 months of follow-up, the goat continued to pass urine through the marsupialization site comfortably.
Clinical Relevance—In the goat of this report, laparoscopic urinary bladder marsupialization was a minimally invasive procedure with minimal signs of postoperative pain. The procedure was simple to perform and should be considered as an alternative to marsupialization via laparotomy.
Arsenic Toxicity in Akitakomachi Rice in Presence of Fe3+-Edta
Authors: Shaibur Molla Rahman , Kawai Shigenao 
Published: September 2012

An experiment was carried out hydroponically to investigate the arsenic (As) toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Akitakomachi) seedlings in presence of Fe3+-EDTA. The As treatments (NaAsO2) were 0, 6.7, 13.4, 26.8, and 33.5 ?M for 14 days. The whitish chlorotic symptom was pronounced in the fully expanded young leaves at 13.4 ?M As treatment, suggesting that As-induced chlorosis might be Fe (iron)-chlorosis. Chlorophyll indices and Fe concentrations were reduced much in the shoots of As-treated chlorotic seedlings as compared to the control seedlings. Our result showed that Astoxicity largely depended on the concentrations of inorganic As in the medium and the higher was the concentration of As the higher was the As-toxicity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i4.11742 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 36(4): 553-562, December 2011
Heavy Metal Levels in Vegetables with Growth Stage and Plant Species Variations
Authors: Naser Habib Mohammad , Sultana Sarmin , Mahmud Nashir Uddin , Gomes Rebeca , Noor Shamsun 
Published: September 2012

Field experiment was conducted to compare and investigate the concentration levels of heavy metals in leafy vegetables with growth stage and plant species variations on an experimental field near the net house of Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh during November 2008 to January 2009. Seeds of spinach (Spinacia oleracea), red amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor) and amaranth (Amaranthus oleraseus) were sown on 14 November 2008. Plant and soil samples were collected at different growth stages, such as at 20, 30, 40, and 50 days after sowing (DAS). The concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and chromium (Cr) in plant increased with the age of the plant, but the increase was not linear. The rate of increase of concentration of these metals at 20 to 30 DAS was found lower than that at 30 to 40 DAS, except Cr. Heavy metal content gradually increased at the early growing stage and fall during later stages of growth. The significant differences (P < 0.01) were observed between the mean metal concentrations in the three vegetables species. The Pb and Co concentrations in amaranth were found higher compared to those found in spinach and red amaranth. Spinach exhibited higher levels of Cd and Cr than those of other vegetables. However, the three vegetables did not differ significantly in its Ni concentration. The order of heavy metal level in different vegetables was Cd<Co<Pb<Ni<Cr. In vegetable species in respect of heavy metal concentration Cd, Ni, and Cr was highest in spinach and amaranth showed highest concentration in Pb and Co. The highest correlation between soil-plant was found for Cd, while the lowest for Ni. Metal concentrations in the vegetables studied were found lower than the maximum allowable level in India but the concentrations of Cd and Cr were higher than the allowable levels set by the World Health Organization (WHO). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i4.11743 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 36(4): 563-574, December 2011
Effect of Sowing Dates and Varieties on the Severity of Alternaria Blight of Mustard
Authors: Khatun F , Alam M S , Hossain M A , Malaker P K , Rashid MH 
Published: September 2012

A study was carried out to find out the effect of sowing dates and varieties on the severity of Alternaria blight of mustard. Seeds of eight mustard varieties were sown on four different dates. Data on severity of the disease and seed yield were recorded. Disease severity differed significantly among the varieties. B. campestris varieties showed the higher disease severity compared to B. napus and B. juncea. The lowest disease severity was recorded in BARI Sarisha 11 which produced the highest seed yield. Percentages of leaf area diseased, leaf infection, siliqua infection, and spots per siliqua were found lowest under 21 October sowing, which were statistically lower than other sowing dates. The highest seed yield (1727 kg/ha) was recorded under 01 November sowing followed by 21 October sowing. Combination of sowing dates and varieties had a significant influence on disease severity and seed yield. Early sown (21 October and 1 November) BARI Sarisha 11 showed less disease severity and gave higher seed yield than other treatment combinations DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i4.11746 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 36(4): 583-594, December 2011
Integrated Nutrient Management for Tomato-Okraindian Spinach Cropping Pattern
Authors: Noor S , Shil NC , Uddin MM , Alam MK 
Published: September 2012

Field experiment on Tomato-Okra-Indian spinach cropping pattern was conducted at a farmers homestead of Tangail (AEZ 8) during 2007-08 and 2008-09 to find out a suitable combination of chemical fertilizers and organic manure for sustainable crop yield. There were 5 treatments comprising different percentages of the recommended chemical fertilizers (RCF) with two levels (0 and 5 t/ha) for tomato and three levels (0, 2.5 and 5 t/ha) for okra each of poultry manure and cowdung. No organic manure was used for the third crop Indian Spinach. The treatments were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. An amount of 75% dose of RCF (N150P40K80S20Zn2B1 kg/ha) along with poultry manure @ 5 t/ha appeared as the best suited combination providing tomato yield 95.3 t/ha and 88.2 t/ha for the first year and second year, respectively. Again, an amount of 75% dose of RCF(N120P35K70S15Zn2B1 kg/ha) along with poultry manure @ 2.5 t/ha appeared as the best package providing the highest okra yield (15.03 t/ha and 12.98 t/ha). The highest yield (36.3 t/ha and 33.7 t/ha for the first and second year, respectively) of Indian Spinach was recorded from (75% recommended N + PM residue), which was statistically identical with (100 % recommended N), but significantly higher over rest of the treatments. Poultry manure performed better over cow dung. A package of 75% recommended chemical fertilizer along with 5 t PM/ha appeared as the best suited combination providing higher yield and economic return. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i4.11747 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 36(4): 595-603, December 2011
The Changing Crop Production Practices Over the Years: the Mystery of Economics
Authors: Alam M Shahe , Quayum M A , Islam M A 
Published: September 2012

The present study was undertaken in two production environments in order to estimate the level of growth in area and production of rice and maize over the years, and to assess the level of changes in area under different crops. Applying both descriptive and inferential statistics, the study revealed that, the growth in acreage and production of maize had much accelerated rate compared to that for rice over the period 1987-88 towards 1996-97 and in the subsequent periods. In the favourable environment, the acreage under MV Boro increased by 18% in 2008-09 compared to 2004-05. In rabi season, the area under maize increased to 46% and 21% in drought prone and favourable areas, respectively. The magnitude of area changes from rice to non-rice crops under favourable area was negative. Per hectare cost of maize cultivation in drought prone area was about 13% higher than that of favourable area resulting in better net return in maize production under favourable area. Family labour, farm size and market accessibility were the important determining factors for devoting areas to maize cultivation instead of rice. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i4.11756 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 36(4): 657-668, December 2011
Intercropping Lentil with Mukhikachu (Collocasia Esculenta) at Different Planting Systems
Authors: Alom MS , Islam MN , Nag BL , Howlader MM , Hossain MA 
Published: September 2012

The experiment was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Jessore during consecutive two years (2007-08 and 2008-09) to find out the comparative performance of different intercropped lentil with Mukhikachu for getting higher yield and economic return. Five treatments comprised of T1= Sole lentil (30 cm apart continuous seeding), T2 = Sole mukhikachu [(double row) = 20 cm/55/20 cm x 45 cm], T3= Mukhikachu (double row) + 1 row of lentil 30 cm apart (33% seeding ratio) between 2 double row of mukhikachu, T4 = Mukhikachu (double row) + 2 rows of lentil 30 cm apart (66%) between 2 double row of mukhikachu and T5= Mukhikachu (double row) + lentil broadcast (100%). Intercropping systems did not affect the rhizome yield of mukhikachu significantly but affected the seed yield of lentil. Lentil and mukhikachu equivalent yield were the highest (5.87 in 2007-08 and 6.09 t/ha in 2008-09, and 27.24 in 2007-08 and 30.45 t/ha in 2008-09, respectively) in treatment T4. This treatment also gave the highest LER (1.63 in 2007-08 and 1.54 in 2008-09), net return (Tk. 290508 in 2007-08 and Tk. 368900/ha in 2008-09) with BCR of 4.19 in 2007-08 and 4.88 in 2008-09, respectively. It reveals that lentil could be grown easily in double row system of Mukhikachu without hampering yield of Mukhikachu with higher benefit and also enhanced lentil production in the area. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i4.11757 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 36(4): 669-676, December 2011
Effects of Integrated Use of Fertilizers and Manure on Yield and Nutrient Uptake of T.Aus Rice and Mungbean in the Wheat-T.Aus Rice/Mungbean-T.Aman Rice Cropping Pattern
Authors: Bhuiyan MAH , Mian MH , Islam MS , Islam MR 
Published: September 2012

An experiment was carried out at the Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Farm, Mymensingh from rabi season of 1999 to kharif-II season of 2002 in the Old Brahmaputra Floodplain Soils (AEZ 9, Aeric Haplaquept) of Bangladesh to investigate the effect of integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers on yield and nutrient uptake of T.Aus rice and mungbean in the Wheat-T. Aus/Mungbean-T.Aman cropping pattern. There were four treatments for wheat- T1: Control, T2: NPKSZnB (MYG), T3: NPKSZnB (HYG) and T4: NPKSZnB (MYG) + CD. The nutrient rates for four treatments of wheat were N0P0K0S0Zn0B0 kg/ha for T1, N80P20K50S10Zn1B1 kg/ha for T2, N120P30K75S15Zn2B2 kg/ha for T3 and N80P20K50S10Zn1B1 kg/ha + CD (5 t/ha) for T4. In T. Aus/Mungbean one-third plot of each treatment was cultivated by T. Aus rice and the rest two-thirds plot by mungbean. The rates of N, P, K, and S for T. Aus rice were, respectively, 60, 12, 32 and 5 kg/ha for MYG, and 90, 18, 48 and 7.5 kg/ha for HYG. The corresponding rates of P, K, and S for mungbean were 10, 13, and 5 kg/ha for average yield goal (AYG). The results showed that grain (3.46 t/ha) and straw yields (5.19 t/ha) of T. Aus rice increased significantly due to application of fertilizers. The highest mean seed yield of 0.56 t/ha and stover yield of 1.99 t/ha in mungbean were obtained from PKS plus inoculum plus residual NPKSZnB for HYG treatment. The N, P, K, S, Zn, and B uptake by T.Aus/Mungbean remarkably increased with increasing supply of nutrients. The highest uptake of N, P, K, S, Zn, and B by the crops was noted in the treatment T3 that received HYG fertilizers in T. Aus rice. The removal of N ranged from 27.3 to 63.2 kg/ha and 29.8 to 48.1 kg/ha, P from 5.62 to 15.80 kg/ha and 2.60 to 4.69 kg/ha, K from 35.8 to 71.8 kg/ha and 21.9 to 37.4 kg/ha, S from 4.08 to 10.26 kg/ha and 2.12 to 4.11 kg/ha, Zn from 44 to 132 g/ha and 56 to 101 g/ha, B from 17 to 70 g/ha and 7 to 16 g/ha by T.Aus rice and mungbean, respectively. Application of cowdung along with chemical fertilizers resulted in markedly higher uptake of nutrients. The application of NPKS (HYG) fertilizers remarkably increased the crop yield. The lowest grain yield and the lowest nutrient uptake were noted in control plots receiving no fertilizer or manure.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i4.11760Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 36(4): 685-695, December 2011
Integrated Nutrient Management for Potatomungbean- T.Aman Rice Cropping Pattern Under Level Barind Agroecological Zone
Authors: Mollah MRA , Islam Najrul , Sarkar MAR 
Published: September 2012

A field experiment was conducted at the Multiplication Testing Site (MLT), Joypurhat Sadar upazila with Potato- Mugnbean T. Aman rice cropping pattern during November/2007 to November/2008 to verify different nutrient management approaches and to determine the economic dose of fertilizer for the said cropping pattern. The experiment was designed with five treatments for whole of the cropping pattern in a randomized complete block design with six replications. The treatments were, soil test based fertilizer dose for moderate yield goal, soil test based fertilizer dose for high yield goal, integrated plant nutrient management, farmers practice, and control. Cowdung was applied at the first crop potato only in the cropping sequence. The varieties for potato, mungbean and T. Aman rice were Diamant, BARI Mung-6, and BR11, respectively. The results demonstrated that the tuber yield of potato, seed yield of mungbean, and grain yield of T. Aman rice were significantly influenced by the different treatments. The highest tuber yield (25.01 t/ha) was obtained from integrated plant nutrient management treatment. In mungbean, the highest seed yield (1384 kg/ha) was also recorded from NPKS for high yield goal with residual cowdung treatment. The results of NPKS application for high yield goal with residual cowdung had a positive effect on seed yield of mungbean. Grain and straw yields of T. Aaman rice were also significantly influenced by different treatments. The highest grain yield (5.68 t/ha) and straw yield (5.82 t/ha) were also observed in NPKS for high yield goal with residual cowdung treatment. The results also indicated that the residual cowdung had a positive effect on grain and straw yields of T. Aman rice. Cost and return analysis of different nutrient management packages for the whole cropping pattern showed that the highest marginal benefit cost ratio (8.64), gross return (Tk. 3,79,960/ha) and gross margin (Tk. 3,43,360/ha) were obtained from integrated plant nutrient management treatment and the lowest from soil test based fertilizers for moderate yield goal treatment. So, considering crop productivity, economic return, and soil fertility, integrated plant nutrient management for high yield goal with 5 t/ha cowdung could be recommended for the Potato-Mungbean-T Aman rice cropping pattern at Joypurhat and similar soils of Level Barind agroecological zone for sustainable higher yield DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i4.11761 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 36(4): 711-722, December 2011
Effect of Extension Contact on Rice Productivity in Some Selected Sites of Gazipur District
Authors: Haq Abu Zafar Mahmudul 
Published: September 2012

The impact of extension contact is examined with a view to evaluating the agriculture extension in Bangladesh. It is found that the impact of extension contact is stronger for the comparatively near villages to upazila headquarters. This effect is weaker for those villages, which are comparatively away from upazila headquarters. Evident shows that the influence of extension contact is strongly positive and significant in the upazila where people are mostly involved in agricultural works. The results show that the impact of extension contact, which is one of the basic tenet of agricultural extension, as found in the yield of rice in the whole survey area, is strongly positive and significant. Some determinants of extension contact are also examined. Findings revealed that education of farmers, size of farm families, number of earners of farm families, irrigation and villages which are nearer to the upazila headquarters are key determinants for a household participation in extension contact. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i4.11762 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 36(4): 723-732, December 2011
A Simple RP?HPLC Method for the Determination of Cefdinir in Human Serum: Validation and Application in a Pharmacokinetic Study with Healthy Bangladeshi Male Volunteers
Authors: Shahed Golam Mortuza , Ullah Md Ashik , Abdullah Al Abdullah Al , Ahmed Maizbha Uddin , Islam Mohammad Safiqul , Nahar Zebun , Hasnat Abul 
Published: September 2012

In the present study, a simple RP?HPLC method with UV detection has been validated to determine cefdinir concentrations in human serum samples and applied to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of cefdinir in healthy Bangladeshi male volunteers. The mobile phase consisting of a mixture of 0.2 M sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (pH 3.2 ± 0.05 adjusted with o-phosphoric acid) and methanol at a ratio of 70:30 (v/v), was pumped at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min through the C18 column at room temperature and the chromatographic separation was monitored at a wavelength of 254 nm with a sensitivity of 0.0001 AUFS. Cefaclor was used as internal standard. The developed method was selective and linear for cefdinir concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 5 ?g/ml for serum samples. The lower limit of quantification was defined as the lowest concentration on the calibration curve (0.05 ?g/ml) for which an acceptable accuracy of 111.60 % and a precision of 7.65 % were obtained, while the minimum detectable quantity of cefdinir was found to be 0.02 ?g/ml. The intra-day and inter-day coefficient of variation (CV) at 0.05 ?g/ml were 7.65% and 9.72%, respectively. The average recovery of cefdinir from serum was 96.43 %. Acceptable results were obtained during stability study. The mean Cmax of cefdinir was found to be 1.42 ± 0.53 ?g/ml attained at a mean Tmax of 3.81 ± 0.96 hr. The mean elimination half-life was 2.03 hours. This method proved to be simple, accurate and precise for pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence studies of cefdinir. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v10i2.11790 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 10(2): 109-116, 2011 (December)
Study of Ethyl Cellulose Based Sustained Release Microspheres of Naproxen Sodium
Authors: Sarkar Kowshik , Sadat Sams Mohammad Anowar , Islam Md Saiful , Jalil Reza-ul 
Published: September 2012

The present study was conducted to prepare sustained release microspheres of naproxen sodium using ethyl cellulose (Ethocel 20 cps) polymer. Three different plasticizers namely polyethyleneglycol 600 (PEG 600), polyethyleneglycol 6000 (PEG 6000) and triethyl citrate (TEC) were used at 10% (wt/wt) and 40% (wt/wt) level of the drug content. Prepared microspheres were characterized with respect to drug loading, microsphere particle size, microsphere surface morphology and release behavior. Surface morphology of the microspheres was examined in a scanning electron microscope. Drug release was observed in phosphate buffer solution of pH 6.8 for 8 hours. At 10% level of the plasticizers, percent release was 93.36%, 93.02% and 92.67% for PEG 600, PEG 6000 and TEC respectively after 8 hours. On the other hand, at 40% level, percent release was 81.12%, 70.06% and 51.12% for PEG 600, PEG 6000 and TEC respectively after the same duration. Release mechanisms followed case I or fickian model DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v10i2.11792 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 10(2): 123-129, 2011 (December)