bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Component analysis of adherence in a family intervention
Authors: Hill Laura G. , Owens Robert W. 
Published: June 2013

PurposeMost studies of adherence use a single global measure to examine the relation of adherence to outcomes. These studies inform us about effects of overall implementation but not about importance of specific program elements. Previous research on the Strengthening Families Program 10‐14 has shown that outcomes were unrelated to global adherence. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether adherence to specific components of SFP was related to outcomes, even though global adherence was not.Design/methodology/approachThe authors micro‐coded data from an observational study of 11 instances of SFP (N=47 facilitators, 151 participants) into specific process and content components. Using multilevel analysis, they examined the relation of each component to program outcomes, accounting for individual‐ and program‐level variables.FindingsMost associations of adherence with outcome were negligible for European‐Americans but significant for minority participants.Research limitations/implicationsGlobal assessments of implementation are insufficient for complex, multi‐component prevention programs and may obscure relations of implementation to outcomes. Additionally, program components may function differently based on participant characteristics.Practical implicationsFacilitators would benefit from understanding the function of individual program components, particularly when programs are delivered to diverse audiences. Program developers should provide detailed logic models of program theory to guide facilitators’ decisions about adaptation.Originality/valueThis is one of only a few studies to examine the relation of adherence to specific intervention components to outcomes in a real‐world setting. Results show the utility of component analysis and the importance of considering individual characteristics for implementation assessment.
The effects of implementation fidelity in the Towards No Drug Abuse dissemination trial
Authors: Little Melissa A. , Sussman Steven , Sun Ping , Rohrbach Louise A. 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe current study aims to examine the influence of contextual and provider‐level factors on the implementation fidelity of a research‐based substance abuse prevention program. Also, it aims to investigate whether two provider‐level factors, self‐efficacy and beliefs about the value of the program, statistically moderate and mediate the effects of a provider training intervention on implementation fidelity.Design/methodology/approachUsing generalized mixed‐linear modeling, the authors examine relationships between program provider‐, organizational, and community‐level factors and implementation fidelity in a sample of 50 high school teachers from 43 high schools in eight states across the USA. Fidelity of implementation was assessed utilizing an observation procedure.FindingsImplementation fidelity was negatively associated with the urbanicity of the community and the level of teachers’ beliefs about the value of the program, and positively predicted by the organizational capacity of the school. Comprehensive training significantly increased teachers’ self‐efficacy, which resulted in an increase in implementation fidelity.Research limitations/implicationsSchool‐based prevention program implementation is influenced by a variety of contextual factors occurring at multiple ecological levels. Future effectiveness and dissemination studies need to account for the complex nature of schools in analyses of implementation fidelity and outcomes.Practical implicationsThe authors’ findings suggest that both provider‐ and organizational‐level are influential in promoting implementation fidelity. Before implementation begins, as well as throughout the implementation process, training and ongoing technical assistance should be conducted to increase teachers’ skills, self‐efficacy, and comfort with prevention curricula.Originality/valueThe present study is one of the few to examine contextual and provider‐level correlates of implementation fidelity and use mediation analyses to explore whether provider‐level factors mediate the effects of a provider training intervention on implementation fidelity.
Adsorption‐induced frequency analysis using nonlocal Euler‐Bernoulli beam theory with initial axial stress
Authors: Xu Xiao‐Jian , Deng Zi‐Chen 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the buckling and the vibration of the beam induced by atom/molecule adsorption using the nonlocal Euler‐Bernoulli beam model with initial axial stress.Design/methodology/approachThe nonlocal parameter associated with adsorbed mass and bending rigidity variations of the beam induced by adsorbates are taken into account, and the buckling and dynamic behaviors are obtained via the Hamilton's principle, in which the potential energy between adsorbates and surfaces of the beam, the bending energy, the external work and the kinetic energy are summed as the Lagrangian function.FindingsThe results show that, for both buckling and resonant frequency, the nonlocal effect should be considered when the beam scales down to several hundreds of nanometres, especially for higher mode numbers.Originality/valueThe present paper gives the exact expressions for the buckling and resonant frequency of a simple‐supported nonlocal beam with initial axial stress. Different from previous works, the mass increasing and bending rigidity of the beam are found size‐dependent (nonlocal effect), resulting in possible different static and dynamic behaviors of the beam when atom/molecular adsorption occurs. The exact expressions obtained for the buckling and resonant frequency may be helpful to the design and application of micro‐ and nanobeam‐based sensors/resonators.
Student satisfaction and impact of leadership in private universities
Authors: Arif Seema , Ilyas Maryam , Hameed Abdul 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the differing views of the students studying in private universities in Pakistan about quality and the gap that exists between their expectations and actual experiences from the services provided.Design/methodology/approachThe research has been conducted in seven private universities of Pakistan using quantitative survey for data collection and data analysis. SPSS has been used to apply exploratory factors technique to identify satisfying and dissatisfying factors in customers of higher education through six service quality indicators (teaching, management, leadership, campus life, academic services and infrastructure).FindingsThe multivariate effects of satisfaction across universities were measured through MANOVA. Discriminant analysis has been the most critical tool used for analysis, as not only could it distinguish between satisfied and dissatisfied students across seven universities, but predicted the strength of the word of mouth and intentions to stay in the university.Originality/valueA model has been proposed to understand dynamics of student satisfaction and loyalty in private universities of Pakistan. The model suggests that two leading factors, which influence students’ perception of service quality are either related to leadership and effective planning or to management, the actual process of service delivery.
Opportunities or obstacles?
Authors: Azmat Fara 
Published: June 2013

PurposeApplying theories of entrepreneurship, the paper aims to identify the factors – with theoretical explanations – that act as barriers to migrant women entrepreneurs (MWEs), particularly women from developing countries starting businesses in developed economies. The paper further seeks to explore which barriers also have the potential to act as enablers.Design/methodology/approachThe relationship between immigration, ethnicity, gender and entrepreneurship has received little theoretical attention. Linking these discourses, the paper theoretically develops a framework of the possible barriers or enablers faced by MWEs.FindingsThe paper reinforces earlier research that MWEs are not a homogeneous group; the problems they face are multifaceted, and MWEs from developing countries are the most disadvantaged of entrepreneurs. It identifies multiple factors – human capital, culture, family, institutional factors, gender and social capital – as possible barriers for MWEs. Findings further indicate that among those barriers, culture, family, social capital and gender have the potential to play a dual role for MWEs, by acting either as a barrier or an enabler. Findings also highlight the overarching and predominant influence of culture – as explained by cultural theory – acting as a barrier for MWEs from developing countries.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a theoretical paper. Empirical research is needed to test the framework and its different dimensions. Given the diversity of MWEs and the factors that shape their entrepreneurial endeavours, it is difficult to develop a single framework to encompass the complexity of the situation. Nevertheless, the proposed framework provides useful insights into the barriers or enablers that MWEs face, along with theoretical explanations and, thus, acts as a springboard for future research.Practical implicationsGiven the increasing potential of MWEs, the paper provides implications for not only addressing the barriers but also viewing the barriers as ways to promote entrepreneurship among such minority groups. It further stresses a needs‐based approach to customizing policies to benefit the diverse group of MWEs.Originality/valueBy providing a theory‐based framework of the barriers or enablers faced by MWEs, along with policy implications, the paper contributes to a better understanding of the phenomenon of migrant women entrepreneurship.
An empirical investigation of the influence of ownership concentration and identity on firm performance of Egyptian listed companies
Authors: Desoky Abdelmohsen M. , Mousa Gehan A. 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe paper aims to empirically investigate the influence of ownership concentration and identity on firm performance using a sample of 99 of the most active publicly listed companies on the Egyptian Exchange (EGX).Design/methodology/approachFirm performance of the sampled companies was measured by two different accounting measures, namely return on assets “ROA”, return on equity “ROE”, then the ordinary least square (OLS) regression analysis and the two‐stage least square (2SLS) regression analysis were employed.FindingsOLS and 2SLS regression analyses show that ownership concentration has significant impact on firm performance when measuring by ROE. Regarding ownership identity, OLS regression analyses by both ROA and ROE show that the overall ownership identity has a significant impact on firm performance, as well as particular types of investors such as funds. Further, ownership identity and firm performance (when measured by ROA) had a significant endogeneity problem supporting the use of 2SLS as an effective analysis tool for such investigation.Research limitations/implicationsFindings of such research may not be generalizable to different countries at different stages of development, or with different business environments and cultures. Also, the sampled companies, 99 Egyptian companies, may be a small number which needs to be extended in a future research.Originality/valueThis paper provides an empirical investigation on the association between ownership structure and firm performance in the Egyptian context. It examines the role played by two aspects of ownership structure: the fraction of shares owned by the three largest shareholding interests (ownership concentration) and the fraction of shares owned by different type of shareholders (ownership identity) including seven separate groups of owners.
Was the Great Depression always depressing? Examining diachronic diversity in students’ historical learning
Authors: Palek Dominik 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore and characterise students’ historical thinking as they attempt to work simultaneously with two second‐order concepts – change and diversity, to examine student difficulties in so doing and to reflect on the value of certain teaching approaches.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is a case study using data gathered from teaching and learning experiences across five history lessons taught to two Year 9 classes.Findings“Diachronic diversity” may be a useful characterisation of the distinctive student accomplishment of linking change and diversity in discursive historical analysis. An elaboration of shortfall in the form of “proto‐diachronic diversity” helps to establish the boundaries of that achievement and the possible properties that future curricular goals and assessment might privilege.Practical implicationsHistory teachers may need to find ways of integrating teaching of change and diversity rather than expecting the two to merge naturally after separate analyses. Possible impediments may include difficulties with language and limitations in students’ existing concept of “change”.Originality/value“Diachronic diversity” points to a new curricular category for characterising a particular disciplinary property of student thinking and learning in history lessons.
Ms. Y: a life less ordinary – an interview
Authors: Jones Jackie 
Published: June 2013

PurposeMs. Y is a MTF (male‐to‐female) woman. The purpose of the interview is to examine the problematics of leading a life that is perceived as different in the workplace and in private.Design/methodology/approachThe paper discusses common problems faced by transsexuals at work.FindingsMs. Y divulges some personal and intimate thoughts, in particular her thoughts about dress codes, difficulties at work and becoming herself.Originality/valueThe interview comments highlight the lack in the pace of change and persistent attitudes towards transsexuals.
Expatriate motivation in religious and humanitarian non‐profit‐organizations
Authors: Oberholster Abraham J. , Clarke Ruth , Bendixen Mike , Dastoor Barbara 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this exploratory, empirical study is to identify motivations for expatriation among religious and humanitarian (R&H) workers.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 158 active expatriate Christian R&H workers from 25 countries, representing 48 international organizations, completed a survey with 45 reasons for expatriation, derived from literature on corporate expatriation, international volunteering, and international migration. Data analysis includes factor analysis and cluster analysis.FindingsIn total, eight latent motivation factors were found: career development; economics; international experience; escapism; altruism; outsider support; family life; and location. Workers in the not‐for‐profit sector are primarily motivated by altruism, and thus integrate organizational mission with personal purpose in their decision to work abroad. Using cluster analysis, four groups of humanitarian and religious workers in the Christian sub‐sector were identified: Caring Missionary; Focused Worker; Self‐Directed Careerist; and International Family Custodian. Workers from developed versus developing countries exhibit different motivators.Practical implicationsThe findings provide insight into differences between developed versus developing country workers and between R&H workers. Recognizing the differences in motivation can assist international human resource managers in the effective recruitment, selection, training and development, career management, and support and encouragement of non‐profit organizations (NPO) expatriates. The authors provide propositions to be tested based on the application of self‐determination theory to expatriate motivation.Originality/valueThis exploratory, empirical study of Christian R&H workers extends the organizational and country context and builds on motivation for expatriation research to include this sub‐sector of workers from both developed and developing countries operating in global organizations. The findings provide new insights into motivation for expatriation and lead to propositions for future research.
Cultural distance and expatriate adjustment revisited
Authors: Hemmasi Masoud , Downes Meredith 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between cultural distance and cross‐cultural adjustment. The authors address four hypotheses regarding this relationship: the Cultural Distance Hypothesis; the Cultural Distance Paradox; the Null Hypothesis; and the Asymmetry Hypothesis, in an effort to reconcile the disparities found in the literature. Specifically, portions of the extant literature support a positive relationship, while others support the opposite. There is also some evidence that this relationship may vary depending on the direction of expatriate transfer. Finally, some of the research has failed to support any significant relationship between cultural distance and adjustment.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data were collected from 125 expatriates (117 expatriates and eight repatriates), representing 36 nationalities and on assignment in 32 different countries. Multiple regression analyses were used to regress cultural distance on both general and work‐related adjustment. Cultural distance was first operationalized as a composite of the scores on Hofstede's cultural dimensions. Subsequently, distances for each of the dimensions were entered into the regression models.FindingsThe authors concur with the Cultural Distance Paradox that greater differences in individualism between home and host cultures facilitates work adjustment. Findings also support the Asymmetry Hypothesis that travel from individualistic societies to more collectivist ones results in greater adjustment than does travel in the opposite direction.Practical implicationsBased on the Cultural Distance Paradox, firms may be well‐advised to direct their expatriate training efforts toward those assignments where the home and host cultures are presumably similar, as there may be a tendency to take adjustment for granted and therefore forgo cross‐cultural training. Similar efforts should be made to ease transfers to locations where the culture is more individualistic than that of the parent country.Originality/valueRather than fixate on one set of findings from the literature, this study considers all four of the possible relationships between cultural distance and adjustment, as found or suggested in previous research. This comprehensive approach should advance our understanding of cultural distance as a complex construct, with a role that cannot be consistently defined across all situations. This represents a departure from the need to assign static roles to variables that may be dynamic in nature.
Reflections on becoming an ethnographer
Authors: Kunda Gideon 
Published: June 2013

PurposeIn this paper the author aims to examine his own life and work in order to understand how an ethnographic sensibility emerges and develops.Design/methodology/approachThe paper examines the personal and institutional context in which his book Engineering Culture: Commitment and Control in a High Tech Corporation was researched and written, from formative moments in his life that led him to the study, through the process of finding, entering and exploring his field, to the acts of interpretation and writing that culminated in the book.FindingsThe paper illustrates the institutional pressures that constrain conceptual and methodological freedom and undermine the logic of inquiry, and suggests ways of circumventing them. It also illustrates how interpretation is rooted in symbolic resources developed over a lifetime that are far beyond a grounding in social theory, and shows the intricate connections between question formulation, data collection, interpretation and writing that transcend the standard approaches to teaching and executing social research.Originality/valueThe paper offers a revealing behind‐the‐scenes view of the process of ethnographic inquiry, challenges the accepted view of the method and offers practical advice to researchers, teachers and students.
Geographical variations of odour and pollinators, and test for local adaptation by reciprocal transplant of twoEuropeanArumspecies
Authors: Chartier Marion , Pélozuelo Laurent , Buatois Bruno , Bessière Jean‐Marie , Gibernau Marc 
Published: June 2013

SummaryInteractions between entomophilous plants and their pollinators are one of the major factors shaping the evolution of floral features. As species are distributed in more or less connected populations, they have evolved in a geographical mosaic of co‐evolution were the outcome of the plant–pollinator interaction is likely to vary as a result of local adaptations.Arum italicumandArum maculatumare two species ofAraceae which deceive their fly pollinators by mimicking the odour of their oviposition sites. WhereasA. italicumis known to be pollinated by flies belonging to different families (i.e. opportunist),A. maculatumrelies on only two pollinating species of the familyPsychodidae throughout itsEuropean repartition area (i.e. specialist).The interannual and geographical variations of pollinators and pollinator‐attractive odours were described in several populations of the two species over two consecutive years. Furthermore, local adaptation to pollinators was tested by transplanting inflorescence‐bearing plants between two different sites and by recording the number and composition of the insect fauna trapped inside the inflorescences during anthesis as a measure of a fitness component.Pollinators and pollinator‐attractive odours of the twoArumspecies varied in time and space, but there was no clear odour structure between populations. When transplanted, inflorescences of both species trapped the same composition and number of insects as native inflorescences at a given site; this indicates that pollinator composition is highly dependent on the local availability of insects.No pattern of local adaptation was found for these two species, but local pollination conditions were shown to strongly affect the degree of geographical variations of these interactions. The lack of a clear odour geographical structure might be due to high gene flow or to similar selective pressures exerted by pollinators, and the high interindividual odour variation may be linked to the deceptive strategy adopted by the two plant species.