bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multidisciplinary cancer disease classification using adaptive FL in healthcare industry 5.0
Authors: Abbas Tahir , Fatima Areej , Shahzad Tariq , Alharbi Meshal , Khan Muhammad Adnan , Ahmed Arfan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEmerging Industry 5.0 designs promote artificial intelligence services and data-driven applications across multiple places with varying ownership that need special data protection and privacy considerations to prevent the disclosure of private information to outsiders. Due to this, federated learning offers a method for improving machine-learning models without accessing the train data at a single manufacturing facility. We provide a self-adaptive framework for federated machine learning of healthcare intelligent systems in this research. Our method takes into account the participating parties at various levels of healthcare ecosystem abstraction. Each hospital trains its local model internally in a self-adaptive style and transmits it to the centralized server for universal model optimization and communication cycle reduction. To represent a multi-task optimization issue, we split the dataset into as many subsets as devices. Each device selects the most advantageous subset for every local iteration of the model. On a training dataset, our initial study demonstrates the algorithm's ability to converge various hospital and device counts. By merging a federated machine-learning approach with advanced deep machine-learning models, we can simply and accurately predict multidisciplinary cancer diseases in the human body. Furthermore, in the smart healthcare industry 5.0, the results of federated machine learning approaches are used to validate multidisciplinary cancer disease prediction. The proposed adaptive federated machine learning methodology achieved 90.0%, while the conventional federated learning approach achieved 87.30%, both of which were higher than the previous state-of-the-art methodologies for cancer disease prediction in the smart healthcare industry 5.0.
A study on microstructural, mechanical properties, and optimization of wear behaviour of friction stir processed AZ31/TiC composites using response surface methodology
Authors: Kumar T. Satish , Raghu R. , Priyadharshini G. Suganya , Čep Robert , Kalita Kanak 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe primary objective of this study is to investigate the microstructural, mechanical, and wear behaviour of AZ31/TiC surface composites fabricated through friction stir processing (FSP). TiC particles are reinforced onto the surface of AZ31 magnesium alloy to enhance its mechanical properties for demanding industrial applications. The FSP technique is employed to achieve a uniform dispersion of TiC particles and grain refinement in the surface composite. Microstructural characterization, mechanical testing (hardness and tensile strength), and wear behaviour evaluation under different operating conditions are performed. Response surface methodology (RSM) is utilized to optimize the wear rate by considering the effects of process parameters. The results reveal a significant improvement in hardness (41.3%) and tensile strength (39.1%) of the FSP-TiC composite compared to the base alloy, attributed to the refined grain structure (6–10 μm) and uniform distribution of TiC particles. The proposed regression model accurately predicts the wear rate, with a confirmation test validating an error percentage within ± 4%. Worn surface analysis elucidates the wear mechanisms, such as shallow grooves, delamination, and oxide layer formation, influenced by the applied load, sliding distance, and sliding velocity. The enhanced mechanical properties and wear resistance are attributed to the synergistic effects of grain refinement, particle-accelerated nucleation, the barrier effect of TiC particles, and improved interfacial bonding achieved through FSP. The optimized FSP-TiC composites exhibit potential for applications in industries demanding high strength, hardness, and wear resistance.
Utilizing multimodal radiomics technology from cervical MRI for diagnosis of cervical spinal cord injury and spinal cord concussion
Authors: Pan Zhigang , Hu Weipeng , Dai Zhangsheng , Li Yuanzhe , Fang Zhongning , Shen Canfang , Chen Zekai , Fang Kaibin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe primary aim of this study is to assess the viability of employing multimodal radiomics techniques for distinguishing between cervical spinal cord injury and spinal cord concussion in cervical magnetic resonance imaging. This is a multicenter study involving 288 patients from a major medical center as the training group, and 75 patients from two other medical centers as the testing group. Data regarding the presence of spinal cord injury symptoms and their recovery status within 72 h were documented. These patients underwent sagittal T1-weighted and T2-weighted imaging using cervical magnetic resonance imaging. Radiomics techniques are used to help diagnose whether these patients have cervical spinal cord injury or spinal cord concussion. 1197 radiomics features were extracted for each modality of each patient. The accuracy of T1 modal in testing group is 0.773, AUC is 0.799. The accuracy of T2 modal in testing group is 0.707, AUC is 0.813. The accuracy of T1 + T2 modal in testing group is 0.800, AUC is 0.840. Our research indicates that multimodal radiomics techniques utilizing cervical magnetic resonance imaging can effectively diagnose the presence of cervical spinal cord injury or spinal cord concussion.
Evaluation of the Effect of Age on the Contralateral Acoustic Reflex Suppression Test in Individuals With Normal Hearing
Authors: Bolat Cihat , Yaldız Zahide Çiler Büyükatalay 
Published: August 2024

Purpose:
The aim of this study is to investigate the age-related changes of the Contralateral Acoustic Reflex Suppression (CARS) test in individuals with normal hearing and to provide age-related normal values.

Method:
The study included 66 individuals aged 18–65 years. The participants were divided into three age groups, respectively, 18–30 years, 31–45 years, and 46–65 years. Acoustic reflex threshold and acoustic reflex amplitude measurements were performed at frequencies of 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz in the presence and absence of suppressive noise from the contralateral ear.

Results:
In the comparison of suppression amounts according to age groups, the highest suppression amount at all frequencies was observed in the 18–30 years age group.

Conclusions:
It is known that changes in the function of the efferent hearing system occur due to aging. In the CARS test, a decrease in the amount of suppression produced by the efferent system has been observed due to aging.
Two black widow pulsars in the optical and X-rays
Authors: Bobakov A. V. , Kirichenko A. Yu. , Zharikov S. V. , Karpova A. V. , Zyuzin D. A. , Shibanov Yu. A. , Mennickent R. E. , Garcia-Álvarez D. 
Published: August 2024

Context. Two millisecond pulsars, PSR J1513−2550 and PSR J2017−1614, with spin periods of about 2.1 and 2.3 ms were recently discovered in the radio and γ-rays and classified as black widow pulsars in tight binary stellar systems with orbital periods of about 4.3 and 2.3 h.
Aims. Our goals are to reveal the fundamental parameters of both systems and their binary components using multi-wavelength observations.
Methods. We carried out the first time-series multi-band optical photometry of the objects with the 2.1-m telescope of the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional San Pedro Mártir, the 6.5-m Magellan-1 telescope, and the 10.4-m Gran Telescopio Canarias. To derive the parameters of both systems, we fitted the obtained light curves with a model assuming heating of the companion by the pulsar. We also analysed archival X-ray data obtained with the XMM-Newton observatory.
Results. For the first time, we firmly identified J1513−2550 in the optical and both pulsars in X-rays. The optical light curves of both systems have a single peak per orbital period with a peak-to-peak amplitude of ≳2 magnitudes. The J2017−1614 light curves are symmetric, while J1513−2550 demonstrates strong asymmetry whose nature remains unclear.
Conclusions. We constrained the orbital inclinations, pulsar masses, companion temperatures and masses, and the distances to both systems. We also conclude that J2017−1614 may contain a massive neutron star of 2.4 ± 0.6 M⊙. The X-ray spectra of both sources can be fitted by power laws with parameters typical of black widow systems.
Vorticity and magnetic dynamo from subsonic expansion waves
Authors: Elias-López Albert , Del Sordo Fabio , Viganò Daniele 
Published: August 2024

Context. The amplification of astrophysical magnetic fields takes place via dynamo instability in turbulent environments. Vorticity is usually present in any dynamo, but its role is not yet fully understood.
Aims. This work is an extension of previous research on the effect of an irrotational subsonic forcing on a magnetized medium in the presence of rotation or a differential velocity profile. We aim to explore a wider parameter space in terms of Reynolds numbers, the magnetic Prandtl number, the forcing scale, and the cooling timescale in a Newtonian cooling. We studied the effect of imposing that either the acceleration or the velocity forcing function be curl-free and evaluated the terms responsible for the evolution vorticity.
Methods. We used direct numerical simulations to solve the fully compressible, resistive magnetohydrodynamic equations with the Pencil Code. We studied both isothermal and non-isothermal regimes and addressed the relative importance of different vorticity source terms.
Results. We report no small-scale dynamo for the models that do not include shear. We find a hydro instability, followed by a magnetic one, when a shearing velocity profile is applied. The vorticity production is found to be numerical in the purely irrotational acceleration case. Non-isothermality, rotation, shear, and density-dependent forcing, when included, contribute to increasing the vorticity.
Conclusions. As in our previous study, we find that turbulence driven by subsonic expansion waves can amplify the vorticity and magnetic field only in the presence of a background shearing profile. The presence of a cooling function makes the instability occur on a shorter timescale. We estimate critical Reynolds and magnetic Reynolds numbers of 40 and 20, respectively.
Bedeutung neuer Alkoholbiomarker in der Eignungsbegutachtung von
Verkehrsteilnehmern
Authors: Musshoff Frank 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungDie direkten Alkoholkonsummarker Ethylglucuronid (EtG) in Urin und Haaren sowie
Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) im Blut sind die Biomarker der Wahl bei einer
Überprüfung einer Eignung gerade auch im Straßenverkehr. Die Bestimmung von EtG
im Urin kann nur für unvorhersehbar anberaumte Abstinenzkontrollen eingesetzt
werden, erlaubt aber keine weiterführende Interpretation bzgl. eines
Konsumverhaltens. Die Bestimmung von EtG im Haar kann bei einem Cutoff von
5 pg/mg als Abstinenzkontrolle erfolgen, bis unter 30 pg/mg kann man ansonsten
von einem moderaten, sozial angepasstem Konsumverhalten ausgehen. PEth im Blut
eignet sich mit einem Cutoff von 20 ng/mL ebenfalls für Abstinenzkontrollen,
Werte ab 210 ng/mL sprechen für einen übermäßigen Alkoholkonsum. PEth, das viel
schneller auf Änderungen des Konsumverhaltens reagiert, als die Konzentration
von EtG im Haar, wird auch eingesetzt in der analytischen Begleitung des
Kontrollierten Trinkens nach Körkel. Der derzeitig dafür propagierte Cutoff von
100 ng/mL ist ggf. noch nach unten zu korrigieren. Möglichkeiten und Grenzen
dieser Alkoholkonsummarker werden vorgestellt und diskutiert.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Applications of Tetramethylpiperidinyl Triazolopyridazine Derivatives
Authors: Varkolu Mohan , Keesara Srinivasa Reddy , Bolla Ratnasekhar , Bharathkumar Hanumantharayappa , Andugulapati Sai Balaji , Gundekari Sreedhar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe have synthesized a series of tetramethylpiperidinyl triazolopyridazine derivatives and screened the molecules for their biological activity against a cancer (NCI-H460) cell line. Among the tested molecules, 2-[3-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-3H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-c]pyridazin-6-yl]-5-(2H-1,2,3-triazol-2-yl)phenol significantly inhibited cell growth with an IC50 value of 5.2 μM. We hope that this study will help in the development of better candidates for the treatment of lung cancer.
Comparison of the Effects of Stirring and Standing on Chemical Reactions
Authors: Huang Xianting , Zhao Jianyou , Wang Qingxu , Liu Zhong-Quan , Fang Pengkai , Xie Wei , Chen Meng , Han Hongliang , Zhang Lanlan , Zhang Jiatai , Wang Fan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFor hundreds of years, it seems that people have needed stirring to conduct chemical experiments. This operation can be seen everywhere in chemical, pharmaceutical, and materials laboratories and factories. People generally believe that stirring helps with processes such as material dispersion, dissolution, and collision, thereby enabling more-efficient reactions. However, why do chemical reactions that occur in Nature not require stirring? What are the facts? For this purpose, we investigated a total of 329 organic chemical reactions in eight categories and 25 types, including 26 chemical reactions magnified to gram or even kilogram levels. Under the same conditions of temperature, humidity, pressure, and reaction time, we compared the reaction yields under stirring and standing conditions. More than 600 results showed that stirring or not stirring had almost no effect on the efficiency of chemical reactions in solution. If most chemists performing reactions turned off the agitator, it would not be difficult to imagine how much electricity could be saved!
Rare Case of Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion Acardius Acephalus Subtype Seen in a Community-Based Hospital
Authors: Reguero Cadilla Laura , Villafuerte Santana Carlos , Centazzo Nicolle , Faustin Daniel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background TRAP sequence occurs in monochorionic pregnancies consisting of one normal fetus and a non-viable fetus. The pump twin has an increased risk of developing high-output cardiac failure.
Case 32-year-old G4P2012 with TRAP syndrome in current pregnancy presented to triage at 26 weeks with contractions and spotting. She had undergone RFA for selective reduction at another facility. Placental abruption was suspected and patient underwent a cesarean section. Twin A was delivered alive although she subsequently succumbed due to complications of prematurity.
Conclusion This case highlights the importance of early detection and consistent prenatal care in the management of TRAP sequence. Further research of interventions associated with improved outcomes should be encouraged.
Free Latissimus Dorsi Flaps in Head and Neck Reconstruction at a Modern High-Volume Microsurgery Center
Authors: Shyaka Ian , Su Chun-Lin , Wei Fu-Chan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background Over the past two decades, with the introduction of the perforator flap concept and advances in flap dissections, lower extremities have emerged as the preferred soft tissue flap donor sites. As a modern and high-volume microsurgical center, and the senior author being one of the pioneers and advocates for the use of lower extremity flap donor sites, we aim to investigate the role of latissimus dorsi (LD) free flap in head and neck reconstruction within our current practice.
Methods All free LD flaps used for head and neck reconstruction performed by a single surgeon between January 2010 and June 2023 were reviewed for their indications and immediate and short-term outcomes.
Results A total of 1,586 head and neck free flap reconstructions were performed, and 33 free LD flaps were identified. The patients' median age was 53 (interquartile range [IQR] 48.5–63.5) years. Twenty-nine (87.9%) flaps were used to reconstruct oro-maxillo-facial and four (12.1%) flaps were used to reconstruct scalp defects. Most patients had prior radiation (n = 28, 84.8%), neck dissection (n = 24, 72.7%), and multiple previous head and neck flap reconstructions with a median of 3.0 (IQR 3.0–3.5) previous flaps. Six (18.2%) LD flaps were used to replace failed flaps from other donor sites. No major complications such as total flap failure or takebacks, and no need for vein grafts but three (9.1%) had flap marginal necrosis. Other complications included one flap dehiscence (3.0%), one orocutaneous fistula (3.0%), two wound infections (6.1%), three plate exposures (9.1%), and three patients who developed local recurrence (9.1%). The median patient follow-up time was 16 (IQR 5–27) months.
Conclusion This retrospective study demonstrates the role of LD free flap in head and neck reconstruction as a reliable and versatile backup soft tissue flap when workhorse flaps from lower extremity donor sites are either unavailable or unsuitable.
A Case Report of Fetal Split Hand Foot Malformation Syndrome: A Rare Congenital Limb Anomaly
Authors: Roy Prasanna , Dey Shankar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFetal split hand foot malformation (SHFM) syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by developmental abnormalities of fingers and/or toes, resulting in a split appearance. SHFM is sporadic and shows mainly autosomal dominant inheritance with variable clinical presentation. Prenatal diagnosis plays a crucial role in the management and in counseling of affected families. In this case report, we present the diagnosis of SHFM through ultrasound imaging and genetic testing in a primigravida, along with post abortal fetal findings. The aim was to highlight the importance of early detection during routine ultrasound and genetic counseling for appropriate understanding and management of this rare limb condition.
Midterm Clinical Outcomes of a Resurfacing Capitate Pyrocarbon Implant: A Case Series
Authors: Andrews Steve A. , Mayo Andrew , Hope Ben , Al Hakim Wisam , Couzens Greg B. , Jha Bhavana , Lee Louise , Peters Susan E. , Ross Mark 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose Scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse (SNAC), scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC), and Kienbock's disease are some of the most common pathologies to result in arthritis of the wrist in patients with a relatively high functional demand. An option for treatment where there are not two cartilage surfaces suitable for articulation to allow either a proximal row carpectomy (PRC) or partial fusion is to perform a PRC combined with resurfacing of the capitate using a pyrocarbon implant (RCPI). The purpose of this study was to examine the medium-term survivorship, clinical-, and patient-reported outcomes of the RCPI in a case series of patients.
Methods Survivorship was assessed in 46 patients at approximately 21 months or greater (range = 21–144, median follow-up = 67). Of these, 36 patients completed patient-reported outcome measures (Visual Analogue Scales, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand–short form, Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation, Global Rating of Change) at 21 months or greater. Patient population was 42% (n = 16) female, average age was 59 (range = 25–79), and majority had the operation on their right hand (78%, n = 35).
Results Implant survival can be confirmed until most recent follow-up at a median of 60 months (range = 21–144), with Kaplan–Meier analysis indicating an 83% survival probability at 10 years. Complications at 21 months or greater were observed in 11 patients (24%), with 9 (20%) patients receiving further surgery (7 wrist fusions, 1 ulnar nerve decompression, and 1 distal radioulnar joint replacement [RCPI in situ]). Time to revision was a mean of 20 months (range = 4–39). Comparison between passive range of motion at 21 months to 4 years and >5 years showed no significance (p > 0.5), suggesting 2- to 4-year outcomes are maintained midterm.
Conclusions The RCPI extends the indications for PRC where there is unsatisfactory cartilage on the proximal capitate, the lunate facet of the radius, or both. It provides a safe and effective treatment for pain relief and improved functional use of the hand for SLAC and SNAC arthritis without the increased morbidity of more complex arthroplasty or total wrist arthrodesis.
Level of Evidence IV, case series
Rare Liraglutide-Induced Dermatological Adverse Reaction in the Treatment of Obesity
Authors: Alam Muhammad Masoud , Rivero-Navea Giselle , Rivero-Jimenez Rene Antonio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLiraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist widely used for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. Although allergic reactions to the drug have been documented, skin-related adverse effects remain underreported. We present a case of a 43-year-old woman undergoing subcutaneous liraglutide injections for obesity treatment. Approximately 3 weeks into the treatment regimen, the patient experienced a distinctive reaction characterized by oval, red erythema accompanied by swelling, itchiness, and skin warmth around the injection site shortly after drug administration. This reaction recurred with each subsequent dose over the next 3 days, prompting the patient to discontinue treatment. A dermatology consultant suggested oral antihistamines in conjunction with topical methylprednisolone. Over the course of several days, the intensity of the skin lesions gradually decreased, ultimately resolving completely within 1 month. This case highlights the rarity of skin adverse reactions associated with liraglutide and underscores the importance of recognizing and managing injection site erythema as a potential side effect of this medication. Further research is needed to better understand and document such reactions for improved patient care and safety.
Capturing oral forms of linguistic landscape in the public teaching space
Authors: Renfeng Jiang , Binghao Wang , Xue Fang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In sociolinguistics, the concept of linguistic soundscaping is developed to document the formation of social
spaces over time as influenced by linguistic actions. Using a multimodal perspective, this enquiry looks into the dynamic and
interactive nature of the typical linguistic soundscape, situating the issue in a public teaching-and-learning space at a
university in China. The study adopts a method of linguistic sound walks, to capture real-time sensory encounters with the
linguistic soundscape and to understand how these auditory elements influence students’ perceptions of their environment.
The study focuses on two main perspectives: the objective characterisation of the linguistic soundscape within
university public spaces, and the subjective perceptions of students experiencing these soundscapes. The first perspective
involves systematically documenting and categorising the types of sound present, providing a comprehensive overview of the
auditory environment. The second perspective explores how students interpret and react to these soundscapes, revealing insights
into their sensory experiences and evaluations of their learning environment. These perspectives are combined to demonstrate the
importance of the auditory dimension in shaping educational experiences and social interactions within university settings.
The findings highlight the diversity and complexity of the linguistic soundscape, emphasising its role in
fostering a sense of community and influencing students’ emotional and cognitive responses to their surroundings. This study
contributes original insights into the multimodal nature of linguistic landscapes and underscores the value of auditory elements
in understanding social spaces in educational contexts.