bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AVALIAÇÃO DA REGENERAÇÃO EM ECOSSISTEMAS PERTURBADOS COMO INDICADOR DA RESTAURAÇÃO EM AMBIENTES COM MARCADA ESTACIONALIDADE, NOVA IGUAÇU (RJ)
Authors: Roppa Cristiane , Valcarcel Ricardo , Baylão Junior Hiram Feijó 
Published: August 2014

A variação da composição florística e estrutural da regeneração natural (0,10 < altura < 3,0 m; CAP ≤ 15 cm) foi avaliada em áreas perturbadas de fragmento florestal secundário em estágio médio e pastagem, em ambiente Estacional Semidecidual de Nova Iguaçu (RJ). O levantamento florístico foi realizado durante período chuvoso (145 mm) e de estiagem (15 mm) no ano 2008, utilizando-se método fitossociológico de pontos. Os resultados evidenciaram a saída de 8 espécies (37,50% de trepadeiras e 37,50% de arbustivas decíduas) na floresta e 7 espécies (71,43% de herbáceas) na pastagem. A diversidade e o tipo de hábito das espécies regenerantes na floresta sinalizam a adaptação das espécies permanentes ao sistema ecológico com marcado período de estiagem, em que os efeitos climáticos afetam rapidamente as dinâmicas populacionais dos ecossistemas em fase de restauração.Palavras-chave: Sazonalidade; sucessão vegetal; restauração florestal. AbstractEvaluation of regeneration in disturbed ecosystems as indicator of restoration in environments with marked seasonality, Nova Iguaçu (RJ). The variation of the floristic and structural composition of the natural regeneration (0.10 <height <3.0 m; CAP ≤ 15 cm) were evaluated in disturbed area of middle stage secondary forest fragment and pasture, in Semideciduous Seasonal Environment of Nova Iguaçu (RJ). The floristic survey was done during rain period (145 mm) as well as drought (15 mm) along the year 2008. It was used phytosociology point method. The results evidenced emergency of 8 species (creepers 37.50% and shrub 37.50%) in forest, and 7 species (71.43% herbaceous) in pasture. Diversity and kind of habit of species in regeneration in the forest point to adaptation of permanent species to the ecological system with marked drought period, as the climatic effects quickly affect population dynamics of the ecosystems in restoration phase. Keywords: Seasonality; vegetable succession; forest restoration.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO ECOLÓGICA DE ÁREAS A PARTIR DE DADOS ESPACIAIS PÚBLICOS ESTUDO DE CASO: ÁREA DE COLETA DE SEMENTES
Authors: Augustin Cátia Regina , Lingnau Christel , Galvão Franklin , Gonçalves Lucas Pimenta 
Published: August 2014

Este estudo procurou avaliar o potencial de uso de dados espaciais públicos, por meio de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG), na caracterização ecológica de áreas para fins científicos, de preservação ou de produção. O espaço analisado é uma área de coleta de sementes da espécie Phytolacca dioica L., no município de Telêmaco Borba (PR). Os dados empregados estavam disponíveis nos sites de instituições públicas do estado do Paraná. Foram utilizados os mapas: Fitogeográfico, Hidrografia, Uso do solo, Geologia, Degradação, Bacias hidrográficas, Geomorfologia, Solos, Clima e Base Hidrográfica Oficial do Paraná. As árvores matrizes foram georreferenciadas por GPS. A análise espacial gerou o mapa unidades ecológicas, cujo banco de dados permite confeccionar representações dos atributos relacionados. O mapa planialtimétrico do Paraná foi utilizado na composição do modelo digital do terreno e na determinação da altitude, exposição e inclinação da vertente nos pontos onde estão localizadas as matrizes. O uso do SIG foi fundamental para manipular dados e mapas temáticos públicos e mostrou ser concreta a possibilidade de, através deles, não mais se considerar divisões geopolíticas para caracterização de áreas, mas o ambiente em si.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO E ENTRAVES DO SISTEMA DE PRODUÇÃOCOM BRACATINGA NA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE CURITIBA
Authors: Mazuchowski Jorge Zbigniew , Angelo Alessandro Camargo 
Published: August 2014

ResumoO cultivo da bracatinga (Mimosa scabrella Bentham) com finalidade energética existe há mais de 100 anos. Atividade típica da pequena propriedade rural, é cultivada com base na regeneração natural desde a segunda rotação. A madeira é valiosa, com características para uso em várias alternativas industriais, especialmente pela movelaria. Após expansão da área cultivada durante muitos anos, atualmente ocorre redução gradual dessa área plantada. Este estudo buscou identificar as causas de redução dos plantios e outros entraves para o produtor de bracatinga. Em paralelo, procurou definir uma proposta de incremento do manejo dos plantios de bracatinga, enfatizando o uso da madeira pela indústria de móveis. Faz-se análise do produtor, da posse das terras e da disponibilidade de mão de obra, do manejo dos plantios e a remuneração da madeira, aliada ao confronto com as restrições pelos órgãos ambientais, carências organizacionais dos produtores e impedimentos para a atividade estabelecida pela sociedade urbana. Os dados do estudo apontam para uma realidade em que a cadeia produtiva da bracatinga será extinta a curto prazo caso seja mantida a atual intervenção do serviço de fiscalização com rígido enfoque ambientalista, aliado ao desconhecimento da realidade rural na atual ótica da sociedade urbana. AbstractCaracterization and impediments for bracatinga production system in Curitiba’s Metropolitan Region. Bracatinga (Mimosa scabrella Bentham) cultivation for energetic purposes subsists to more than one hundred years. Typical activity in small rural properties, it is cultivated based on natural regeneration after second rotation. The wood is valuable, and it has characteristics for many alternatives of industrials uses, especially in furniture industry. After many years of expansion of the cultivated area, presently there is a gradual reduction on bracatinga’s cultivation area. This research aims to identify causes of such plantings reduction and other impediments to bracatinga’s producers, it also aims to define one proposal to bracatinga plantation development focusingits wood use in furniture industry. Therefore, it analyses bracatinga’s producers, land ownerships and manual work accessibility, plantation managements and wood remuneration, associated to their confront against environmental public services obstructions, organizational needs of bracatinga`s producers and opposition to the rural activity that is established by urban society. The data analyzed points to a reality in which bracatinga’s cultivation chain will be extinguished in short time whether it is maintained the actual intervention of inspection services with rigid environmental limitations, associated to the acknowledge of rural reality by the urban society.Keywords: Bracatinga’s silviculture; land ownership; medium space; environmental limitations; production organization.
CRESCIMENTO EM DIÂMETRO, ALTURA E VOLUME DE Hovenia dulcis NA REGIÃO SUL DE BLUMENAU, SC
Authors: Eleotério Jackson Roberto , Pellens Gabriel Corso , Commanduli Marcelo Jorge 
Published: August 2014

ResumoUva-do-japão (Hovenia dulcis Thunberg) é uma espécie difundida no Sul do Brasil, mas informações sobre o seu crescimento são raras. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, através da análise de tronco, o crescimento em diâmetro, altura e volume de Hovenia dulcisna região sul de Blumenau. Foram amostradas duas árvores e mensuradas as alturas totais, sendo retirados discos a 0,1 m, 0,7 m, 1,3 m e de um em um metro ao longo do comprimento da árvore, até o diâmetro mínimo de 5 cm. As informações de diâmetro, altura e volume em função da idade foram utilizadas para calcular os incrementos correntes e médios anuais. O crescimento em diâmetro, até os 20 anos de idade, manteve-se praticamente constante, sem definição de um ponto de máximo. O crescimento em altura apresentou taxas decrescentes, com máximo incremento corrente aos cinco anos e máximo incremento médio aos 11 anos. O crescimento em volume apresentou taxas crescentes, reflexo do crescimento constante do diâmetro. O fator de forma artificial seguiu uma tendência de decréscimo até o décimo terceiro ano e estabilização a partir desse momento.AbstractDiameter, height and volume growth of Hovenia dulcis in south Blumenau, SC. Japanese Raisin Tree (Hoveniadulcis Thunberg) is a widely spread species in South Brazil, but information on its growing patterns is rare. The aim of this work is to evaluate, through stem analysis, the diameter, height and volume growth of Hovenia dulcis in South Blumenau. Two trees were sampled, and their total height was measured. Discs were taken at 0.1 m, 0.7 m, 1.3 m. and at one-meter intervals along the length of the tree, until the minimum of 5 cm of diameter. The information on diameter, height and volume in function of the age were used to calculate the current and the mean annual increment. The diameter growth remained practically constant, until 20 years, without any definition of a peak of increment. The height growth presented decreasing rates, with a peak of current increment occurring in the fifth year and a peak of average annual increment in the eleventh year. The volume growthpresented increasing rates as result of the constant diameter growth. The artificial form factor followed a decreasing tendency until the thirteenth year and established since that moment.Keywords: Stem analysis; increment; Japanese Raisin tree; modeling; regression.
FERTILIZANTE DE LIBERAÇÃO LENTA NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE MUDAS DE Schinus terebinthifolius e Sebastiania commersoniana
Authors: Rossa Überson Boaretto , Angelo Alessandro Camargo , Nogueira Antonio Carlos , Westphalen Danielle Janaina , Bassaco Marcos Vinícius Martins , Milani Jaçanan Eloisa de Freitas , Bianchin Jonas Eduardo 
Published: August 2014

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar diferentes doses de fertilizante de liberação lenta (FLL) no desenvolvimento de mudas de Schinus terebinthifolius e Sebastiania commersoniana. O estudo foi realizado na região do Vale do Itajaí (SC), entre março e dezembro de 2009, em viveiro localizado no município de Rio do Sul, com sementes provenientes da própria região. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com 6 tratamentos em 4 repetições, tendo 40 plantas como unidade experimental. Os tratamentos foram: T1–0 kg (testemunha); T2–2 kg; T3–4 kg; T4–6 kg; T5–8 kg e T6–10 kg de FLL por m³ de substrato-base. Decorridos 189 (aroeira) e 245 (branquilho) dias da semeadura, foram analisadas as variáveis altura total, diâmetro do coleto, biomassa seca da parte aérea, biomassa seca da raiz, biomassa seca total e dose de máxima eficiência técnica. As mudas de aroeira e branquilho tiveram um melhor crescimento com a dose de 10 kg de FLL por m³ de substrato padrão e 6 kg de FLL por m3, respectivamente. Ambas as plantas responderam significativamente ao uso do fertilizante de liberação lenta, apresentando as seguintes doses de máxima eficiência técnica: 9,48 (aroeira) e 5,54 kg.m-3 (branquilho) de Basacote 6M.Palavras-chave:Branquilho; aroeira-vermelha; fertilização; produção de mudas; qualidade de mudas florestais.AbstractSlow release fertilizer in development of Schinus terebinthifolius and Sebastiania commersoniana seedlings. This reserach aimed to evaluate different doses of slow-release fertilizer (FLL) in Schinus terebinthifolius and Sebastiania commersoniana seedlings development. The study was conducted in Vale do Itajai (SC), between March and December 2009, in a nursery in the city of Rio do Sul, with seeds from the region. The experimental design was completely randomized with 6 treatments in 4 replications, with 40 plants as experimental unit. The treatments were: T1-0 kg (control), T2-2 kg, T3- 4kg-, T4-6 kg; T5-8kg; and T6-10 kg per m³ FLL substrate base. After 189 (aroeira) and 245 (branquilho) days of sowing, the variables analyzed were total height, diameter, shoot dry biomass, root dry weight, total biomass and maximum dose of technical efficiency. The seedlings of aroeira and branquilho had better growth with the dose of 10 kg per cubic meter of FLL standard substrate and 6 kg per m3 of FLL, respectively. Both plants responded significantly to the use of slow release fertilizer, with the following maximum doses of technical efficiency 9.48 (aroeira) and 5.54 kg.m-3 (branquilho) of Basacote 6M.Keywords: Sebastiana; red aroeira; fertilization; seedling production; quality forest seedlings.
Le juge canadien, anglais et australien devant l’incertitude causale en matière de responsabilité médicale
Authors: Khoury Lara 
Published: August 2014

L’auteure examine le traitement de l’incertitude causale dans les affaires de responsabilité médicale décidées par les tribunaux de dernière instance au Canada, en Angleterre et en Australie. Elle se penche notamment sur le raisonnement judiciaire à l’égard de trois concepts particuliers, soit la création ou l’augmentation du risque, la création fautive de l’incertitude causale et la perte de chance.
Une analyse de cette jurisprudence permet de constater que la possibilité de trouver la causalité ou la responsabilité prouvée sur la base de l’augmentation du risque de préjudice par le défendeur est généralement rejetée en matière médicale. Quant au raisonnement permettant d’inférer la causalité lorsque le défendeur possède une connaissance particulière des faits et que, par sa faute, il a rendu impossible l’évaluation du lien causal, il fut marginalement appliqué par la Cour suprême du Canada. Enfin, le texte s’attarde au traitement récent de la perte de chance en matière médicale et constate son rejet par tous les tribunaux d’instance supérieure étudiés.
Cette brève étude montre que, malgré l’expression d’une sensibilité à l’égard des difficultés rencontrées par les demandeurs dans la preuve de la causalité médicale en présence d’incertitude, les approches judiciaires dans les ressorts étudiés demeurent orthodoxes. L’étude permet également de réaliser la place importante que tient le droit comparé dans les décisions récentes des tribunaux supérieurs dans le domaine.
Crystallization behavior and isothermal crystallization kinetics of PLLA blended with ionic liquid, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium dibutylphosphate
Authors: Wei Taiyan , Pang Sujuan , Xu Nai , Pan Lisha , Zhang Zhengqing , Xu Ruizhang , Ma Nansong , Lin Qiang 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThe crystallization behavior and isothermal crystallization kinetics of neat poly(l‐lactic acid) (PLLA) and PLLA blended with ionic liquid (IL), 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium dibutylphosphate, were researched by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing optical microscopy (POM), and wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WXRD). Similar to the non‐isothermal crystallization behavior of neat PLLA, when PLLA melt was cooled from 200 to 20°C at a cooling rate of 10°C min−1, no crystallization peak was detected yet with the incorporation of IL. However, the glass transition temperature and cold crystallization temperature of PLLA gradually decreased with the increase of IL content. It can be attributed to the significant plasticizing effect of IL, which improved the chain mobility and cold crystallization ability of PLLA. Isothermal crystallization kinetics was also analyzed by DSC and described by Avrami equation. For neat PLLA and IL/PLLA blends, the Avrami exponent n was almost in the range of 2.5–3.0. It is found that t1/2 reduced largely, and the crystallization rate constant k increased exponentially with the incorporation of IL. These results show that the IL could accelerate the overall crystallization rate of PLLA due to its plasticizing effect. In addition, the dependences of crystallization rate on crystallization temperature and IL content were discussed in detail according to the results obtained by DSC and POM measurements. It was verified by WXRD that the addition of IL could not change the crystal structure of PLLA matrix. All samples isothermally crystallized at 100°C formed the α‐form crystal. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41308.
Compatibilization of polypropylene/Poly(acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene) blends by polypropylene‐graft‐cardanol
Authors: Deng Yi , Mao Xinggong , Lin Jinhuo , Chen Qinhui 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThe polypropylene‐graft‐cardanol (PP‐g‐cardanol) was prepared by reactive extrusion with polypropylene (PP) and natural renewable cardanol which could increase the interfacial energy of PP and inhibit the degradation of PP during the process of reactive extrusion and usage. In this article, PP‐g‐cardanol and polypropylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride (PP‐g‐MAH) were used as compatibilizers of the polypropylene (PP)/poly(acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene) (ABS) blends. PP/ABS (70/30, wt %) blends with PP‐g‐cardanol and PP‐g‐MAH were prepared by a corotating twin‐screw extruder. From the results of morphological studies, the droplet size of ABS was minimized to 1.93 and 2.01 μm when the content of PP‐g‐cardanol and PP‐g‐MAH up to 5 and 7 phr, respectively. The results of mechanical testing showed that the tensile strength, impact strength and flexural strength of PP/ABS (70/30) blends increase with the increasing of PP‐g‐cardanol content up to 5 phr. The complex viscosity of PP/ABS (70/30) blends with 5 phr PP‐g‐cardanol showed the highest value. Moreover, the change of impact strength and tensile strength of PP/ABS (70/30) blends were investigated by accelerated degradation testing. After 4 accelerated degradation cycles, the impact strength of the PP/ABS (70/30) blends with 5 phr PP‐g‐cardanol decrease less than 6%, but PP/ABS (70/30) blends with 5 phr PP‐g‐MAH and without compatibilizer decrease as much as 12% and 32%, respectively. The tensile strength of PP/ABS (70/30) blends has a similar tendency to that of impact strength. The above results indicated that PP‐g‐cardanol could be used as an impact modifier and a good compatibilizer, which also exhibited better stability performance during accelerated degradation testing. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41315.
Polyester films obtained by noncatalyzed melt‐condensation polymerization of aleuritic (9,10,16‐trihydroxyhexadecanoic) acid in air
Authors: Benítez José Jesús , Heredia‐Guerrero José Alejandro , Guzmán‐Puyol Susana , Domínguez Eva , Heredia Antonio 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTTo mimic nontoxic and fully biodegradable biopolymers like the plant cutin, polyester films from a natural occurring fatty polyhydroxyacid like aleuritic (9,10,16‐trihydroxyhexadecanoic) acid have been prepared by noncatalyzed melt‐polycondensation at moderate temperature (150°C) directly in air. The course of the reaction has been followed by infrared spectroscopy, 13C magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X‐ray diffraction and well differentiated stages are observed. First, a high conversion esterification reaction leads to an amorphous rubbery, infusible, and insoluble material whose structure is made out of ester linkages mostly involving primary hydroxyls and partially branched by minor esterification with secondary ones. Following the esterification stage, the cleavage of vicinal secondary hydroxyls and further oxidation to carboxylic acid is observed at the near surface region of films. New carboxylic groups created also undergo esterification and generate cross‐linking points within the polymer structure. Additionally, and despite the harsh preparation conditions used, very little additional side reaction like peroxidation and dehydration are observed. Results demonstrate the feasibility of polyester films fabrication from a reference fatty polyhydroxyacid like aleuritic acid by noncatalyzed melt‐polycondensation directly in air. The methodology can potentially be extended to similar natural occurring hydroxyacids to obtain films and coatings to be used, for instance, as nontoxic and biodegradable food packaging material. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41328.
Prevalence of DSM‐5 avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder in a pediatric gastroenterology healthcare network
Authors: Eddy Kamryn T. , Thomas Jennifer J. , Hastings Elizabeth , Edkins Katherine , Lamont Evan , Nevins Caitlin M. , Patterson Rebecca M. , Murray Helen B. , Bryant‐Waugh Rachel , Becker Anne E. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveFew published studies have evaluated the clinical utility of new diagnostic criteria for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), a DSM‐5 reformulation of feeding and eating disorder of infancy or early childhood. We examined the prevalence of ARFID and inter‐rater reliability of its diagnostic criteria in a pediatric gastrointestinal sample.MethodWe conducted a retrospective chart review of 2,231 consecutive new referrals (ages 8–18 years) to 19 Boston‐area pediatric gastroenterology clinics for evidence of DSM‐5 ARFID.ResultsWe identified 33 (1.5%) ARFID cases; 22 of whom (67%) were male. Most were characterized by insufficient intake/little interest in feeding (n = 19) or limited diet due to sensory features of the food (n = 7). An additional 54 cases (2.4%) met one or more ARFID criteria but there was insufficient information in the medical record to confer or exclude the diagnosis. Diagnostic agreement between coders was adequate (κ = 0.72). Common challenges were (i) distinguishing between diagnoses of ARFID and anorexia nervosa or anxiety disorders; (ii) determination of whether the severity of the eating/feeding disturbance was sufficient to warrant diagnosis in the presence of another medical or psychiatric disorder; and (iii) assessment of psychosocial impairment related to eating/feeding problems.DiscussionIn a pediatric treatment‐seeking sample where ARFID features were common, cases meeting full criteria were rare, suggesting that the diagnosis is not over‐inclusive even in a population where eating/feeding difficulties are expected. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals Inc. (Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:464–470)
Protonated Digermane, Distannane, and Diplumbane: Can They Be Made in the Laboratory?
Authors: Guo Yundong , Hao Yanjun , Wang Hui , Xie Yaoming , Schaefer Henry F. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe geometries, proton affinities, and relative energies of protonated digermane (Ge2H7+), distannane (Sn2H7+), and diplumbane (Pb2H7+) have been investigated by density functional theory using the correlation‐consistent cc‐pVnZ‐PP basis sets (n = D, T, Q). The results of the caluclations are consistent with the very limited experimental and theoretical results that are available. The lowest‐lying structure of Ge2H7+ is predicted to have C2 symmetry with a bent 3‐center‐2‐electron Ge–H–Ge bridge, analogous to Si2H7+. For Sn2H7+ and Pb2H7+, the lowest‐lying structures are predicted to be different, with a D3d structure for Sn2H7+ and a C1 structure for Pb2H7+. The predicted proton affinities decrease in the order Pb2H6 (9.84 eV) > Sn2H6 (8.48 eV) > Ge2H6 (8.11 eV) > Si2H6 (7.72 eV) > C2H6 (6.18 eV).