bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uterine perforation – 5-year experience in 3-D image guided gynaecological brachytherapy at Institute of Oncology Ljubljana
Authors: Segedin Barbara , Gugic Jasenka , Petric Primoz 
Published: May 2013

Background. Accurate applicator placement is a precondition for the success of gynaecological brachytherapy (BT). Unrecognized uterine perforation can lead to bleeding, infection, high doses to pelvic organs and underdosage of the target volume, resulting in acute morbidity, long-term complications and reduced chance of cure. We aimed to assess the incidence and clinical characteristics of our cases with uterine perforation, review their management and impact on the treatment course.
Patients and methods. In all patients, treated with utero-vaginal image guided BT for gynaecological cancer between January 2006 and December 2011, the CT/MR images with the applicator in place were reviewed. The incidence of uterine perforations was recorded. Clinical factors that may have predisposed to increased risk of perforation were recorded. Management of perforations and their impact on treatment course was assessed.
Results. 219 patients (428 applications) were suitable for analysis. Uterine perforation was found in 13 (3.0%) applications in 10 (4.6%) patients. The most frequent perforation site was posterior uterine wall (n = 9), followed by anterior wall (n = 2) and fundus (n = 2). All cases were managed conservatively, without complications. Prophylactic antibiotics were administered in 8 cases. In 4 patients, abdominal and/or transrectal ultrasound (US) guidance was used on subsequent applications for applicator insertion; adequate applicator placement was achieved and treatment completed as planned in all cases.
Conclusions. 3D imaging for BT planning enables accurate identification of uterine perforations. The incidence of perforations at our department is one of the lowest reported in the literature. US guidance of applicator insertion is useful and feasible, allowing to complete the planned treatment even in challenging cases.
Impact of respiratory motion on breast tangential radiotherapy using the field-in-field technique compared to irradiation using physical wedges
Authors: Tanaka Hidekazu , Hayashi Shinya , Ohtakara Kazuhiro , Hoshi Hiroaki 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Background. This study aimed to evaluate whether the field-in-field (FIF) technique was more vulnerable to the impact of respiratory motion than irradiation using physical wedges (PWs).
Patients and methods. Ten patients with early stage breast cancer were enrolled. Computed tomography (CT) was performed during free breathing (FB). After the FB-CT data set acquisition, 2 additional CT scans were obtained during a held breath after light inhalation (IN) and light exhalation (EX). Based on the FB-CT images, 2 different treatment plans were created for the entire breast for each patient and copied to the IN-CT and EX-CT images. The amount of change in the volume of the target receiving 107%, 95%, and 90% of the prescription dose (V107%, V95%, and V90%, respectively), on the IN-plan and EX-plan compared with the FB-plan were evaluated.
Results. The V107%, V95%, and V90% were significantly larger for the IN-plan than for the FB-plan in both the FIF technique and PW technique. While the amount of change in the V107% was significantly smaller in the FIF than in the PW plan, the amount of change in the V95% and V90% was significantly larger in the FIF plan. Thus, the increase in the V107% was smaller while the increases in the V95% and V90% were larger in the FIF than in the PW plan.
Conclusions. During respiratory motion, the dose parameters stay within acceptable range irrespective of irradiation technique used although the amount of change in dose parameters was smaller with FIF technique.
Modern Challenges Facing the Valuation Profession and Allied University Education in Poland
Authors: Źróbek Sabina , Grzesik Chris 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The paper indentifies and synthesizes the observed changes in the role of the property valuer on the property market. The authors of this paper provide a perspective on the changes in the educational programs for valuers. The main challenge for valuation professionals lies in developing a deeper understanding of market globalization and better analytical skills, with a view to assessing accurate values. The educational system at the university level should encompass programmes which will prepare valuers for providing proper advice affecting important investment decisions of real estate market participants. They stress the role of international and national organizations in re-shaping the profile of the valuer. The current critical attitude towards the valuation profession has forced the European body representing valuers, namely The European Group of Valuers’ Associations (TEGoVA) to speed up the harmonisation of the valuation practice in order to forestall more rigorous control by the EU. In response to this, all the major internationally recognised standard setting bodies, such as the above-mentioned TEGoVA and The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS), are considering the need to add “risk analysis” to valuation reports. Such development should significantly affect future valuation educational and training programmes which will need to present a more holistic approach to real estate as an asset class.
Implementation of MCA Method for Identification of Factors for Conceptual Cost Estimation of Residential Buildings
Authors: Juszczyk Michał , Leśniak Agnieszka , Zima Krzysztof 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Conceptual cost estimation is important for construction projects. Either underestimation or overestimation of building raising cost may lead to failure of a project. In the paper authors present application of a multicriteria comparative analysis (MCA) in order to select factors influencing residential building raising cost. The aim of the analysis is to indicate key factors useful in conceptual cost estimation in the early design stage. Key factors are being investigated on basis of the elementary information about the function, form and structure of the building, and primary assumptions of technological and organizational solutions applied in construction process. The mentioned factors are considered as variables of the model which aim is to make possible conceptual cost estimation fast and with satisfying accuracy. The whole analysis included three steps: preliminary research, choice of a set of potential variables and reduction of this set to select the final set of variables. Multicriteria comparative analysis is applied in problem solution. Performed analysis allowed to select group of factors, defined well enough at the conceptual stage of the design process, to be used as a describing variables of the model.
Lean Production as an Innovative Approach to Construction
Authors: Spišáková Marcela , Kozlovská Mária 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Lean production presents a new approach to the construction management which has enabled enterprises to attain very high levels of efficiency, competitiveness and flexibility in production systems. Nowadays, a number of industrial processes are managed in accordance with these advanced management principles [1]. The principles of lean production are applied within the integrated design and delivery solutions (IDDS) and prefabricated construction.
IDDS uses collaborative work processes and enhanced skills, with integrated data, information, and knowledge management to minimize structural and process inefficiencies and to enhance the value delivered during design, build, and operation, and across projects. Prefabrication presents a one of opportunities for construction methods, which allows the compliance with principles of sustainable design, provides the potential benefits such as faster construction, fewer housing defects, reduction in energy use and waste and elimination of environmental and safety risks.
This paper presents the lean production within the IDDS and its potential in the modern prefabrication. There is created a field providing of benefits of lean production in construction industry.
Assessing Flood Mitigation Alternatives in Brezovička Village in Slovakia
Authors: Zvijáková Lenka , Zeleňáková Martina 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Flooding due to extreme rain events in urban environments is a problem and a growing concern. There is an increasing demand for a new paradigm to improve flood-mitigation decision processes that calls for riskreduction strategies at several levels. Therefore is a challenge in assessing and comparing different flood mitigation measures. The aim of this paper is to explore a new method to improve an environmental impact assessment of flood-mitigation measures in decision processes by risk analysis method.
A Simple Dual Stain for Detailed Investigations of Plant-Fungal Pathogen Interactions
Authors: Nowicki Marcin , Lichocka Małgorzata , Nowakowska Marzena , Kłosińska Urszula , Kozik Elżbieta U. 
Published: May 2013

Summary
Dramatic increase in confocal microscopy observation output has been gained by optimization of a simple trypan blue and aniline blue dual-stain and its application to two model pathosystems: Pseudoperonospora cubensiscucumber and Phytophthora infestans-tomato. Comparison of two dual-stain methods for confocal microscopy studies of P. cubensis-challenged cucumber leaves indicated the 'mild' approach most successful. This methodology provides simultaneous detection of different pathogen structures layered with the plant defense reactions. Moreover, ImageJ-assisted quantification of plant defense responses renders this method useful for addressing the host plant resistance reactions, as well as investigating the given isolate's pathogenicity. Application of this method for the P. infestans-challenged tomato leaf samples resulted in detection of several fungal infection structures, along with plant defense responses. The dual-stain also enabled detection of a peculiar aniline blue-sensitive material in the pathogen cell walls at the area of its hyphae emerging through the leaf stomata. Results presented herein indicate this method is applicable for detailed (possibly quantitative) investigations of multiple plant-fungal pathosystems.
Demographic development and changes of land-use in the Beskid Niski Mountains, Poland, between 1869 and 2009
Authors: Soja Maria 
Published: May 2013

AbstractTwo different stages of demographic development with successive changes in land- use patterns and directions can be distinguished in the Beskid Niski in Poland during the past 140 years. These stages are separated by tragic events this region experienced in the 1940s (forced population resettlement). The first stage of demographic development is characterised by natural, consecutive changes comparable to other areas in the whole Carpathians. The second stage stretches from the end of World War II until the present day. The ‘revolutionary’ character and changes initiated by this stage are nothing like these observed in other regions of the Polish Carpathians back then as well as presently (except for Bieszczady Mountains). Stemming from rapid demographic processes most changes are observed in land-use and natural environment (unexpectedly halted anthropopression), although they also affect social structures and economic processes specific for mountainous areas.
Migrations of city dwellers to suburban areas – the example of the city of Olsztyn
Authors: Szczepańska Agnieszka , Senetra Adam 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe migration of city dwellers to suburbs is a commonly observed phenomenon. The growth of residential areas on the fringes of cities is referred to as suburbanisation. In the present study, migration patterns were investigated in rural districts located in the direct vicinity of the administrative boundaries of Olsztyn over a 10-year timespan. Several hundred building plot purchase/sale transactions in the form of notarial deeds were analysed to determine the dwelling place of the buyer. The analysis of the transactions revealed that the dominant group of purchasers were owners of apartments in multi-family precast concrete buildings, located in the city quarter closest to the studied suburbs. Changes in the spatial structure of suburban areas were also noted.
A simple method for detection of Phytophthora nicotianae from soybean soil
Authors: Mohammadi Abbas 
Published: May 2013

Abstract A high detection rate of Phytophthora nicotianae was obtained from the naturally infested soil of soybean fields. Air-dried soils were firstly moistened in a flask and then pre-incubated at 25 °C for 1-4 weeks before flooding with distilled water and baiting with soybean leaf disks for 6, 12, and 24 h. The baits were then thoroughly washed, flooded with 10-15 ml of distilled water in Petri-dishes and incubated under continuous fluorescent light for 72 h. Sporangia started to emerge from the margins of leaf disks. They were easily observed under the stereomicroscope. Pure culture of the fungus was obtained by spreading zoospore suspension on a 1.5% water-agar containing anti-bacterial antibiotics. This is the first report of recovery of P. nicotianae from naturally infested soybean soils using sensitive leaf disks of soybean (Williams cultivar) as bait in Iran. All isolates were determined to be A2 mating type.
Natural conditions for the development of sustainable agriculture in the eastern part of the Łowicko-Błońska plain
Authors: Braun Barbara , Brzozowska Justyna 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
In present times, when human interference in nature can be quite substantial, solutions are needed to protect the natural environment. Sustainable farming is much more beneficial to the environment than traditional one. The Łowicz-Błonie Plain, and its eastern part in particular, has good soil and climatic conditions which can support the development of agriculture and the water conditions are only slightly worse here than in the neighbouring areas. The tessellated nature of the soils supports a wide variety of crops, which in turn allows farmers to plan crop rotation so as to enrich the region’s biodiversity and protect nature.
Is a regional trading bloc forming in southeast Asia? New evidence for ASEAN countries
Authors: Cieślik Andrzej , Song Tao 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
This article studies the impact of ASEA N on the bilateral exports of its 10 member countries. It reports the results of applying the gravity model to a data set covering 50 partner countries from 1967 to 2008. The study’s empirical findings show that on average ASEA N regionalism significantly increases bilateral exports. However, the results are country-specific and indicate that ASEA N seems to benefit only large economies with a long history of membership, while smaller more recent members do not show significant expansion of exports.
Seiberg-Witten Equations on Pseudo-Riemannian Spinc Manifolds With Neutral Signature
Authors: Değirmenci Nedim , Karapazar Şenay 
Published: May 2013

Abstract Pseudo-Riemannian spinc manifolds were introduced by Ikemakhen in [7]. In the present work we consider pseudo-Riemannian 4-manifolds with neutral signature whose structure groups are SO+(2; 2). We prove that such manifolds have pseudo-Riemannian spinc structure. We construct spinor bundle S and half-spinor bundles S+ and S- on these manifolds. For the first Seiberg-Witten equation we define Dirac operator on these bundles. Due to the neutral metric self-duality of a 2-form is meaningful and it enables us to write down second Seiberg-Witten equation. Lastly we write down the explicit forms of these equations on 4-dimensional at space
Riesz potential on the Heisenberg group and modified Morrey spaces
Authors: Guliyev Vagif S. , Mammadov Yagub Y. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract In this paper we study the fractional maximal operator Mα, 0 ≤ α < Q and the Riesz potential operator ℑα, 0 < α < Q on the Heisenberg group in the modified Morrey spaces L͂p,λ(ℍn), where Q = 2n + 2 is the homogeneous dimension on ℍn. We prove that the operators Mα and ℑα are bounded from the modified Morrey space L͂1,λ(ℍn) to the weak modified Morrey space WL͂q,λ(ℍn) if and only if, α/Q ≤ 1 - 1/q ≤ α/(Q - λ) and from L͂p,λ(ℍn) to L͂q,λ(ℍn) if and only if, α/Q ≤ 1/p - 1/q ≤ α/(Q - λ).In the limiting case we prove that the operator Mα is bounded from L͂p,λ(ℍn) to L∞(ℍn) and the modified fractional integral operator Ĩα is bounded from L͂p,λ(ℍn) to BMO(ℍn).As applications of the properties of the fundamental solution of sub-Laplacian Ը on ℍn, we prove two Sobolev-Stein embedding theorems on modified Morrey and Besov-modified Morrey spaces in the Heisenberg group setting. As an another application, we prove the boundedness of ℑα from the Besov-modified Morrey spaces BL͂spθ,λ(ℍn) to BL͂spθ,λ(ℍn).
Several properties on quasi-class a operators
Authors: Rashid M.H.M. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract In this paper, we shall show a similar results corresponding the results of M. Ito [6] for quasi-class A introduced in [7] as a class of operators including class A and p-quasihyponormal. Moreover, we shall show several properties on quasi-class A which corresponding to the properties on class A and p-quasihyponormal
Intuitionistic Fuzzy Normal subrings over a non-associative ring
Authors: Shah Tariq , Kausar Nasreen , Rehman Inayatur 
Published: May 2013

Abstract N. Palaniappan et. al [20, 28] have investigated the concept of intuitionistic fuzzy normal subrings in associative rings. In this study we extend these notions for a class of non-associative rings
Weingarten spacelike hypersurfaces in a de Sitter space
Authors: Chen Junfeng , Shu Shichang 
Published: May 2013

Abstract We study some Weingarten spacelike hypersurfaces in a de Sitter space S1n+1 (1). If the Weingarten spacelike hypersurfaces have two distinct principal curvatures, we obtain two classification theorems which give some characterization of the Riemannian product Hk(1−coth2 ϱ)× Sn−k(1 − tanh2 ϱ), 1 < k < n − 1 in S1n+1(1), the hyperbolic cylinder H1(1 − coth2 ϱ) × Sn-1(1 − tanh2 ϱ) or spherical cylinder Hn−1(1 − coth2 ϱ) × S1(1 − tanh2 ϱ) in S1n+1 (1)
On the non-generic Tzitzeica-Johnson's Configuration
Authors: Boskoff Wladimir G. , Bărcănescu Şerban , Bobe Alexandru 
Published: May 2013

Abstract Working in the context of Hilbert's axiomatic system, we prove that the Tzitzeica-Johnson configuration has sense in neutral geometry. The elements of a Tzitzeica-Johnson configuration allow us to analyse the Euclidean or the non-Euclidean character of the metric of the plane
Reidemeister type moves for knots and links in lens spaces
Authors: Manfredi Enrico , Mulazzani Michele 
Published: May 2013

Abstract We introduce the concept of regular diagrams for knots and links in lens spaces, proving that two diagrams represent equivalent links if and only if they are related by a finite sequence of seven Reidemester type moves. As a particular case, we obtain diagrams and moves for links in ℝℙ3 previously introduced by Y.V. Drobothukina.
Three Positive Solutions of Multi-point BVPs for Difference Equations with the Nonlinearity Depending on Δ−operator
Authors: Liu Yuji 
Published: May 2013

Abstract This article deals with a class of discrete type boundary value problems. Sufficient conditions guaranteeing the existence of at least three positive solutions of this class of boundary value problems are established by using a fixed point theorem in cones in Banach spaces. An example is given to illustrate the main theorem.
Regional characteristics of snowpacks related to avalanches in the central mountains of Japan
Authors: Ikeda Shinji , Noro Tomoyuki 
Published: May 2013

AbstractTo identify the regional characteristics of mountain snowpacks related to avalanches in the central mountains of Japan, snow-pit observations were carried out over a period of between two and five winters at six study sites in three major mountain ranges: the north, central and south alps. The relationship between snowpack characteristics and meteorological properties was then examined to suggest indicators that could determine the snowpack characteristics in the region using meteorological data. On the basis of the dominant type of persistent weakness found within snowpacks, the study sites were divided into three regions: (1) the mountains on the Sea of Japan side - the persistent weakness was caused mainly by the presence of melt-freeze crust (MFcr) layers; (2) the inland mountains - the persistent weakness was caused mainly by the presence of weak layers consisting of near-surface faceted crystals (FCsf); and (3) the mountains on the Pacific Ocean side - the persistent weakness was caused mainly by the formation of thick weak layers consisting of depth hoar (DH) near the ground. The results also suggest that certain meteorological elements are useful indicators of the tendency of a persistent weakness to form within the snowpack: (1) DH layers: TG (°C m−1) = |average air temperature |/average snow depth (notable weakness in DH layers is found in areas where the TG exceeds 10°C m−1, but in such areas rainfall prevents the development of DH layers); (2) FCsf layers: FCsf index (CC m) = average diurnal range of air temperature × snow depth (notable weakness in FCsf layers is found in areas where the FCsf index is ∼10°C m); (3) MFcr layers: MFcr index (day m) = number of days that exceed 0°C × snow depth (notable weakness in MFcr layers is found in areas where the MFcr index exceeds 40 day m).
Long‐term effects of habitat fragmentation on mating patterns and gene flow of a tropical dry forest tree, Ceiba aesculifolia (Malvaceae: Bombacoideae)
Authors: Quesada Mauricio , Herrerías‐Diego Yvonne , Lobo Jorge A. , Sánchez‐Montoya Gumersindo , Rosas Fernando , Aguilar Ramiro 
Published: May 2013

• Premise of the study: Tropical forest loss and fragmentation isolate and reduce the size of remnant populations with negative consequences for mating patterns and genetic structure of plant species. In a 4‐yr study, we determined the effect of fragmentation on mating patterns and pollen pool genetic structure of the tropical tree Ceiba aesculifolia in two habitat conditions: isolated trees in disturbed areas (≤3 trees/ha), and trees (≥6 trees/ha) in undisturbed mature forest.• Methods: Using six allozyme loci, we estimated the outcrossing rate (tm), the mean relatedness of progeny (rp) within and between fruits, the degree of genetic structure of pollen pools (Φft), and the effective number of pollen donors (Nep).• Key results: The outcrossing rates reflected a strict self‐incompatible species. Relatedness of progeny within fruits was similar for all populations, revealing single sires within fruits. However, relatedness of progeny between fruits within trees was consistently greater for trees in fragmented conditions across 4 yr. We found high levels of genetic structure of pollen pools in all populations with more structure in isolated trees. The effective number of pollen donors was greater for trees in undisturbed forest than in disturbed conditions.• Conclusions: Our study showed that the progeny produced by isolated trees in disturbed habitats are sired by a fraction of the diversity of pollen donors found in conserved forests. The foraging behavior of bats limits the exchange of pollen between trees, causing higher levels of progeny relatedness in isolated trees.