bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Antifibrinolytic Prophylaxis on Postoperative Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Operations
Authors: Koul Abhinav , Ferraris Victor , Davenport Daniel L , Ramaiah Chandrashekhar 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Antifibrinolytic agents such as aprotinin and epsilon aminocaproic acid limit postoperative bleeding and blood transfusion in patients undergoing cardiac operations using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Recent evidence suggests that these agents have adverse side effects that influence operative mortality and morbidity. We studied postoperative bleeding, transfusion rates, and operative outcomes in our patients in order to assess the efficacy of these agents during cardiac operations requiring CPB. We reviewed records of 520 patients undergoing a variety of cardiac operations between January 2005 and May 2009. We measured multiple variables including pre-operative risk factors, antifibrinolytic agent used, and outcomes of operation, such as measures of bleeding and blood transfusion, as well as serious operative morbidity and mortality. Postoperative bleeding rates varied significantly between patients receiving aprotinin and those receiving aminocaproic acid (P &lt; 0.05). There was an associated 12% decrease in operative site bleeding in aprotinin-treated patients compared with aminocaproic acid. There was no significant difference in the transfusion rates of packed red blood cells between patients receiving aminocaproic acid or aprotinin (P &gt; 0.05), though individuals in the aprotinin group did receive FFP more frequently than patients in the aminocaproic acid group (P &lt; 0.05). There was no significant difference in morbidity and mortality rates between patients in either drug group (P &gt; 0.05). Our study shows that aprotinin is more effective at controlling operative site bleeding than aminocaproic acid. Reduced operative site bleeding did not portend better outcome or differences in transfusion requirements. Aminocaproic acid remains a safe and cost-effective option for antifibrinolytic prophylaxis because of unavailability of aprotinin.
Unusual Location of Hydatid Cysts: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Yagmur Yusuf , Akbulut Sami 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Hydatid cysts develop most frequently in the liver and lungs, but they are occasionally found in other organs. Hydatid cysts in the axillary space are an extremely rare event in areas where the disease is endemic, and are still common in many countries, including Turkey. A 73-year-old man presented to our clinic with a painful axillary mass. Thoracoabdominal computed tomography revealed multilocular cystic masses localized in the left axillary space, with minimal invasion of the peripheral soft tissue and no pulmonary or hepatic involvement. An echinococcal indirect hemagglutination test was negative. The masses were dissected through their stalks and removed completely. Macroscopic and microscopic examination of the specimens confirmed hydatid cysts. This case report demonstrates that hydatid cysts should be considered as a possible cause for palpable lesions in the axillary region or chest wall, especially in endemic locations.
Successful Combination Therapy of Radical Liver Resection With 5-Fluorouracil/leucovorin, Oxaliplatin, Plus Bevacizumab for Ascending Colon Cancer With Pulmonary and 43 Liver Metastases: Report of a Case
Authors: Ochiai Takanori , Masuda Taiki , Yagi Masayuki , Kasai Reo , Furuyama Takaki , Tsukamoto Kanako , Ito Hiromitsu , Igari Kimihiro , Aihara Arihiro , Kumagai Yoichi , Iida Michio , Odajima Hajime , Tanaka Shinji , Arii Shigeki , Yamazaki Shigeru 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
At the time of diagnosis, 20% to 25% of patients with colorectal cancer already have liver metastases, the presence of which is a most important prognostic factor. A 64-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for investigation of anemia and multiple liver tumors. Examinations revealed ascending colon carcinoma with more than 40 liver metastases and 2 lung metastases. We performed right hemicolectomy with lymph node dissection, which was followed by 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin, oxaliplatin, plus bevacizumab (FOLFOX-BV). After 4 courses of chemotherapy, the lung metastases were in complete remission and the liver metastases had shrunk. We suggested the option of radical liver resection, but the patient declined initially as he had not suffered any severe side effects of FOLFOX-BV. After 23 courses of the chemotherapy, he agreed to undergo hepatectomy. We performed extended right lobectomy with partial left and caudal lobe resection. All of the macroscopic metastatic lesions were resected. Histopathologically, viable cancer cells were recognized in 7 of the 43 liver metastatic lesions. Postoperatively, FOLFOX-BV was restarted and continued for 10 months. At the time of writing, 15 months after the hepatectomy, the patient was well without evidence of recurrence of the cancer.
Ultrasonography-Guided Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for the Treatment of Urolithiasis in Patients with Scoliosis
Authors: Li Hongyan , Zhang Zhuo , Li Hai , Xing Yuanyuan , Zhang Gang , Kong Xiangbo 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
We examined the surgical outcomes of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) in scoliotic patients with complicating urolithiasis. Two patients with scoliosis were hospitalized for MPNCL due to upper tract urolithiasis. Calyx puncture was performed in the prone position under ultrasonographic guidance. The renal access route was established using a set of 8F to 16F dilators, and a transpyelic ballistic lithotriptor was used to fragment the calculi. The stone burdens in the 2 patients were 410 mm2 and 500 mm2. The entire operative time was 40 to 70 minutes, and the mean time of establishing percutaneous access was 20 minutes. The calculi were completely removed by single-session pneumatic lithotripsy. The 2 patients recovered from MPCNL uneventfully, and the follow-up radiologic examinations identified no stone residual or recurrence. MPCNL is a minimally invasive modality that is effective and safe for the treatment of urolithiasis in patients with scoliosis.
MnO Nanocrystals: A Platform for Integration of MRI and Genuine Autophagy Induction for Chemotherapy
Authors: Lu Yang , Zhang Li , Li Jing , Su Yu‐De , Liu Yun , Xu Yun‐Jun , Dong Liang , Gao Huai‐Ling , Lin Jun , Man Na , Wei Peng‐Fei , Xu Wei‐Ping , Yu Shu‐Hong , Wen Long‐Ping 
Published: October 2012

AbstractHerein, a kind of novel monocomponent hydrophilic and paramagnetic manganese(II) oxide nanocrystal is prepared in polar solution by a one‐pot microwave‐assisted synthesis. This kind of nanocrystal can be taken up efficiently to serve as an excellent T1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent with an enhanced r1 value of 0.81 mM−1 s−1. The key to the success of this method is that no additional capping agents are required for coating onto the surface via ligand exchange, facilitating research of their intrinsic biological activities. Furthermore, multiple lines of convincing evidence are presented to prove that MnO nanocrystals (NCs) elicit p53‐activation‐independent and authentic functional autophagy via inducing autophagosome formation. Notably, there are very few reports so far of the autophagy phenomenon induced by magnetic nanocrystals. Moreover, these results offer an indication for cancer therapy that MnO NCs combined with doxorubicin at a nontoxic concentration can have a definite synergistic effect, which is mediated through the genuine autophagy induction, on killing cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
Highly Sensitive Chemical‐Vapor Sensor Based on Thin‐Film Organic Field‐Effect Transistors with Benzothiadiazole‐Fused‐Tetrathiafulvalene
Authors: Yang Ge , Di Chong‐an , Zhang Guanxin , Zhang Jing , Xiang Junfeng , Zhang Deqing , Zhu Daoben 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe synthesis of a new tetrathiafulvalene derivative with an electron‐withdrawing benzothiadiazole moiety and its use in thin‐film organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) are reported. Compared to reported OFETs with other TTF derivatives, a high hole mobility up to 0.73 cm2 V−1 s−1, low off‐current and high on/off ratio up to 105 are demonstrated. In addition, the developed OFETs show fast responsiveness toward chemical vapors of DECP (diethyl chlorophosphate) or POCl3 which are simulants of phosphate‐based nerve agents. In contrast to previously reported OFET‐based sensors, off‐current is used as the output signal, which increases quickly upon exposure to either DECP or POCl3 vapors. High sensitivity is demonstrated toward DECP and POCl3 vapors, with concentrations as low as 10 ppb being detected. These OFETs are also responsive to TNT vapor. The sensing mechanisms for the new type of OFET are discussed.
Safety, incentives, and the reporting of work‐related injuries among union carpenters: “You're pretty much screwed if you get hurt at work”
Authors: Lipscomb Hester J. , Nolan James , Patterson Dennis , Sticca Vince , Myers Douglas J. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundIn the high‐risk construction industry little is known about the prevalence or effects of programs offering rewards for workers and/or their supervisors for improved safety records or those that punish workers in some way for injury.MethodsWe conducted an anonymous survey of 1,020 carpenter apprentices in three union training programs to document prevalence of their exposure to such efforts. We explored associations between perceptions of the reporting of work‐related injury and elements of these programs.ResultsFifty‐eight percent (58%; n = 592) reported some safety incentive or negative consequence of work‐related injuries on their current jobsite. Reporting of work‐related injuries was 50% less prevalent when workers were disciplined for injury experiences. Otherwise, we saw minimal evidence of association between injury reporting practices and safety incentive programs. However, considerable evidence of fear of reprisal for reporting injuries was revealed. Less than half (46.4%) reported that work‐related injuries were reported in their current workplace all or most of the time; over 30% said they were almost never or rarely reported.ConclusionsThere are multiple layers of disincentives to the reporting of work‐related injuries that hamper understanding of risk and pose threats to workplace safety and productivity. These pressures do not arise in a vacuum and are likely influenced by a host of contextual factors. Efforts that help us understand variation across jobsites and time could be enlightening; such inquiries may require mixed methodologies and should be framed with consideration for the upper tiers of the public health hierarchy of hazard control. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:389–399, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Permanent tooth mineralization in bonobos (Pan paniscus) and chimpanzees (P. troglodytes)
Authors: Boughner Julia C. , Dean M. Christopher , Wilgenbusch Chelsea S. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe timing of tooth mineralization in bonobos (Pan paniscus) is virtually uncharacterized. Analysis of these developmental features in bonobos and the possible differences with its sister species, the chimpanzee (P. troglodytes), is important to properly quantify the normal ranges of dental growth variation in closely related primate species. Understanding this variation among bonobo, chimpanzee and modern human dental development is necessary to better contextualize the life histories of extinct hominins. This study tests whether bonobos and chimpanzees are distinguished from each other by covariance among the relative timing and sequences of tooth crown initiation, mineralization, root extension, and completion. Using multivariate statistical analyses, we compared the relative timing of permanent tooth crypt formation, crown mineralization, and root extension between 34 P. paniscus and 80 P. troglodytes mandibles radiographed in lateral and occlusal views. Covariance among our 12 assigned dental scores failed to statistically distinguish between bonobos and chimpanzees. Rather than clustering by species, individuals clustered by age group (infant, younger or older juvenile, and adult). Dental scores covaried similarly between the incisors, as well as between both premolars. Conversely, covariance among dental scores distinguished the canine and each of the three molars not only from each other, but also from the rest of the anterior teeth. Our study showed no significant differences in the relative timing of permanent tooth crown and root formation between bonobos and chimpanzees. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Plasmonics and single‐molecule detection in evaporated silver‐island films
Authors: Moula G. , Rodriguez‐Oliveros R. , Albella P. , Sanchez‐Gil J.A. , Aroca R.F. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe plasmonic origin of surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) leads to the concept of hotspots and plasmon coupling that can be realized in the interstitial regions, or on specially engineered, silver and gold nanostructures. It is also possible to achieve spatial locations of high local field or hotspots on silver‐island films (SIF) allowing single‐molecule detection (SMD). When a single monomolecular layer coating the SIFs contains dye molecules dispersed in it, single‐molecule impurities, (with an average of one hundred dye molecules in 1 µm2, which is the field of view of the micro‐Raman system), SMD is observed as a rare statistical event. Here, the SMD results for silver‐island films are presented, with the same nominal mass thickness, but differing in the localized surface plasmon resonance that is a function of the temperature of substrate during deposition. A blue‐shifted plasmon can be seen as a decrease in plasmon coupling for deposition at higher temperature. A simple two‐particle model for localized plasmon resonance coupling calculations, including the shape and substrate effects seems to explain the trend of observations.
Curing and thermal behaviors of inorganic–organic hybrid polyarylacetylene resins with polyhedral oligomeric octa(propargylaminophenyl)silsesquioxane
Authors: Fan Haibo , Li Xiangmei , Liu Yanlin , Yang Rongjie 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPolyhedral oligomeric octa(propargylaminophenyl)silsesquioxane (OPAPS) was used to prepare composite resins with prepolyarylacetylene (prePAA). The curing and thermal behaviors of the PAA/OPAPS composites were studied through Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetric (DSC), thermogravimetric (TGA), and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis and by direct observation. The morphologies of the PAA/OPAPS resins proved that there was good compatibility between PAA and OPAPS. FTIR analysis indicated formation of a conjugated diene and aromatic ring groups in the thermal curing process of the resins. DSC analysis implied that the addition of OPAPS to prePAA could decrease the exothermic heat and widen the temperature range in the curing process of prePAA. According to TGA analysis, a 10 wt % addition of OPAPS to PAA can maintain the thermal stability of PAA in N2 atmosphere and somewhat enhance the thermal‐oxidative stability. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Contribution of salivary gland ultrasonography to the diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome: Toward new diagnostic criteria?
Authors: Cornec Divi , Jousse‐Joulin Sandrine , Pers Jacques‐Olivier , Marhadour Thierry , Cochener Béatrice , Boisramé‐Gastrin Sylvie , Nowak Emmanuel , Youinou Pierre , Saraux Alain , Devauchelle‐Pensec Valérie 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the accuracy of salivary gland ultrasonography (SGUS) for diagnosing primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and to suggest modifications of the American–European Consensus Group (AECG) classification criteria.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study in a prospective cohort of patients with suspected primary SS that was established between 2006 and 2011. The echostructure of the bilateral parotid and submandibular glands was graded from 0 to 4, and the gland size was measured; blood flow to the parotid gland was assessed using Doppler waveform analysis. The reference standard was a clinical diagnosis of primary SS as determined by a group of experts blinded to the results of SGUS. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to compare the diagnostic value of the 0–4‐point echostructure grade for each of the 4 major salivary glands, the sum of the grades for the 4 glands, and the highest grade among the 4 glands.ResultsOf the 158 patients in the study, 78 had a diagnosis of primary SS according to the experts, including 61 patients (78.2%) who met the AECG criteria. Doppler waveform analysis and gland size measurement showed poor diagnostic performance. The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the highest grade among the 4 glands provided the best diagnostic value. The optimal grade cutoff was 2 (62.8% sensitivity and 95.0% specificity). A weighted score was constructed using scores for the 5 variables selected by logistic regression analysis, as follows: (salivary flow × 1.5) + (Schirmer's test × 1.5) + (salivary gland biopsy × 3) + (SSA/SSB × 4.5) + (SGUS × 2). According to ROC curve analysis, a score of ≥5 of 12.5 had 85.7% sensitivity and 94.9% specificity, compared with 77.9% sensitivity and 98.7% specificity for the AECG criteria. The addition of SGUS to the AECG criteria increased sensitivity to 87.0% but did not change specificity.ConclusionModifications of the AECG criteria, including the addition of a SGUS score, notably improved diagnostic performance.
mRNA display selection and solid‐phase synthesis of Fc‐binding cyclic peptide affinity ligands
Authors: Menegatti Stefano , Hussain Mahmud , Naik Amith D. , Carbonell Ruben G. , Rao Balaji M. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractCyclic peptides are attractive candidates for synthetic affinity ligands due to their favorable properties, such as resistance to proteolysis, and higher affinity and specificity relative to linear peptides. Here we describe the discovery, synthesis and characterization of novel cyclic peptide affinity ligands that bind the Fc portion of human Immunoglobulin G (IgG; hFc). We generated an mRNA display library of cyclic pentapeptides wherein peptide cyclization was achieved with high yield and selectivity, using a solid‐phase crosslinking reaction between two primary amine groups, mediated by a homobifunctional linker. Subsequently, a pool of cyclic peptide binders to hFc was isolated from this library and chromatographic resins incorporating the selected cyclic peptides were prepared by on‐resin solid‐phase peptide synthesis and cyclization. Significantly, this approach results in resins that are resistant to harsh basic conditions of column cleaning and regeneration. Further studies identified a specific cyclic peptide—cyclo[Link‐M‐WFRHY‐K]—as a robust affinity ligand for purification of IgG from complex mixtures. The cyclo[Link‐M‐WFRHY‐K] resin bound selectively to the Fc fragment of IgG, with no binding to the Fab fragment, and also bound immunoglobulins from a variety of mammalian species. Notably, while the recovery of IgG using the cyclo[Link‐M‐WFRHY‐K] resin was comparable to a Protein A resin, elution of IgG could be achieved under milder conditions (pH 4 vs. pH 2.5). Thus, cyclo[Link‐M‐WFRHY‐K] is an attractive candidate for developing a cost‐effective and robust chromatographic resin to purify monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Finally, our approach can be extended to efficiently generate and evaluate cyclic peptide affinity ligands for other targets of interest. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 857–870. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Influence of Alkali Metals on the Ce‐Ti Mixed Oxide Catalyst for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx
Authors: Du Xuesen , Gao Xiang , Qu Ruiyang , Ji Peidong , Luo Zhongyang , Cen Ke‐fa 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAlkali metals were found to be poisonous to the Ce‐Ti oxide catalyst. The NO conversion of the catalyst decreased by more than 80 % at temperatures from 250 to 450 °C with the doping of either 3.71 atom % K or 3.74 atom % Na. A combined experimental and theoretical study was used to reveal the mechanism of the deactivation caused be the alkali metals. The results indicated that the doping of alkali metal atoms on the catalyst surface greatly decreases the surface acidity and reducibility. XPS characterization revealed that the interaction between the alkali atoms and the oxygen atom of cerium oxide inhibits the transformation between Ce3+ and Ce4+, which effects a decrease in the proportion of Ce3+. The theoretical results show that the alkali atoms strongly interact with the cerium oxygen and titanium oxygen, which causes the degradation of reducibility and surface acidity, respectively. This causes a serious deactivation of the Ce‐Ti oxide catalyst.
n‐Doping of Organic Electronic Materials Using Air‐Stable Organometallics: A Mechanistic Study of Reduction by Dimeric Sandwich Compounds
Authors: Guo Song , Mohapatra Swagat K. , Romanov Alexander , Timofeeva Tatiana V. , Hardcastle Kenneth I. , Yesudas Kada , Risko Chad , Brédas Jean‐Luc , Marder Seth R. , Barlow Stephen 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSeveral 19‐electron sandwich compounds are known to exist as “2×18‐electron” dimers. Recently it has been shown that, despite their air stability in the solid state, some of these dimers act as powerful reductants when co‐deposited from either the gas phase or from solution and that this behavior can be useful in n‐doping materials for organic electronics, including compounds with moderate electron affinities, such as 6,13‐bis[tri(isopropyl)silylethynyl]pentacene (3). This paper addresses the mechanisms by which the dimers of 1,2,3,4,5‐pentamethylrhodocene (1 b2), (pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(1,3,5‐trialkylbenzene)ruthenium (alkyl=Me, 2 a2; alkyl=Et, 2 b2), and (pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(benzene)iron (2 c2) react with 3 in solution. Vis/NIR and NMR spectroscopy, and X‐ray crystallography indicate that the products of these solution reactions are 3.− salts of the monomeric sandwich cations. Vis/NIR kinetic studies for the Group 8 dimers are consistent with a mechanism whereby an endergonic electron transfer from the dimer to 3 is followed by rapid cleavage of the dimer cation. NMR crossover experiments with partially deuterated derivatives suggest that the CC bond in the 1 b2 dimer is much more readily broken than that in 2 a2; consistent with this observation, Vis/NIR kinetic measurements suggest that the solution reduction of 3 by 1 b2 can occur by both the mechanism established for the Group 8 species and by a mechanism in which an endergonic dissociation of the dimer is followed by rapid electron transfer from monomeric 1 b to 3.