bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Detection of Interaction Between α‐Synuclein and Clioquinol
Authors: Cheng Xin R. , Kerman Kagan 
Published: April 2015

Abstractα‐Synuclein (α‐S) protein is expressed in presynaptic terminals in the central nervous system. The aggregation of α‐S is implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this report, the interaction of α‐S with clioquinol (CQ) was investigated in the presence of Cu(II) ions using electrochemistry, as well as Thioflavin T‐based fluorescence and Congo Red‐based UV‐Vis studies. In the presence of CQ, the α‐S aggregation rate was observed to decrease. The preliminary results showed promise in the future development of CQ derivatives as novel small molecule therapeutic agents with potential efficacy targeting α‐S in PD therapy.
Influence of smoking and packaging methods on lipid stability and microbial quality of Capelin (Mallotus villosus) and Sardine (Sardinella gibossa)
Authors: Cyprian Odoli O. , Van Nguyen Minh , Sveinsdottir Kolbrun , Jonsson Asbjorn , Tomasson Tumi , Thorkelsson Gudjon , Arason Sigurjon 
Published: April 2015

AbstractLipid and microbial quality of smoked capelin (two groups differing in lipid content) and sardine was studied, with the aim of introducing capelin in the smoked sardine markets. Lipid hydrolysis (phospholipid and free fatty acids) and oxidation index (hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances), fatty acid composition, and total viable count were measured in raw and packaged smoked fish during chilled storage (day 2, 10, 16, 22, 28). Lipid hydrolysis was more pronounced in low lipid capelin, whereas accelerated lipid oxidation occurred in high lipid capelin. Muscle lipid was less stable in sardine than capelin. Essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) constituted 12% of fatty acids in capelin and 19% in sardine. Vacuum packaging as well as hot smoking retarded bacterial growth, recording counts of ≤log 5 CFU/g compared to ≥log 7CFU/g in cold smoked air packaged. Smoked low lipid capelin was considered an alternative for introduction in smoked sardine markets.
Experimental Myocardial Infarction Upregulates Circulating Fibroblast Growth Factor-23
Authors: Andrukhova Olena , Slavic Svetlana , Odörfer Kathrin I , Erben Reinhold G 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of death worldwide. Epidemiological studies have linked vitamin D deficiency to MI incidence. Because fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) is a master regulator of vitamin D hormone production and has been shown to be associated with cardiac hypertrophy per se, we explored the hypothesis that FGF23 may be a previously unrecognized pathophysiological factor causally linked to progression of cardiac dysfunction post-MI. Here, we show that circulating intact Fgf23 was profoundly elevated, whereas serum vitamin D hormone levels were suppressed, after induction of experimental MI in rat and mouse models, independent of changes in serum soluble Klotho or serum parathyroid hormone. Both skeletal and cardiac expression of Fgf23 was increased after MI. Although the molecular link between the cardiac lesion and circulating Fgf23 concentrations remains to be identified, our study has uncovered a novel heart–bone–kidney axis that may have important clinical implications and may inaugurate the new field of cardio-osteology. © 2015 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in resectable synchronous colorectal liver metastasis; An international multi‐center data analysis using LiverMetSurvey
Authors: Bonney Glenn K. , Coldham Chris , Adam Rene , Kaiser Gernot , Barroso Eduardo , Capussotti Lorenzo , Laurent Christophe , Verhoef Cees , Nuzzo Gennaro , Elias Dominique , Lapointe Real , Hubert Catherine , Lopez‐Ben Santiago , Krawczyk Marek , Mirza Darius F. ,   on behalf of the LiverMetSurvey International Registry Working Group
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe use of neo‐adjuvant chemotherapy in resectable synchronous liver metastasis is ill defined. The aim of this study was to evaluate neo‐adjuvant chemotherapy on outcomes following liver resection for synchronous CLM.MethodsAn analysis of a multi‐centric cohort from the LiverMetSurvey International Registry, who had undergone curative resections for synchronous CLM was undertaken. Patients who received neo‐adjuvant chemotherapy prior to liver surgery (group NAS; n = 693) were compared with those treated by surgery alone (group SG; n = 608). Baseline clinicopathological variables were compared. Predictors of overall (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) were subsequently identified.ResultsClinicopathological comparison of the groups revealed a greater proportion of solitary metastasis in the SG compared to the NAS group (58.8% versus 38.4%; P < 0.001) therefore a separate analysis of solitary versus multi‐centric analysis was performed. N‐stage (>N1), number of metastasis (>3), serum CEA (>5ng/ml) and no adjuvant chemotherapy independently predicted poorer OS, while N‐stage (>N1), serum CEA (>5ng/ml) and no adjuvant chemotherapy independently predicted poorer DFS. Neo‐adjuvant chemotherapy did not independently affect outcome.ConclusionWe present an analysis of a large multi‐center series of the role of neo‐adjuvant chemotherapy in resectable CLM and demonstrate no survival advantage in this setting. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:716–724. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Local Perspective on Cross‐Border Tourism. Russian Second Home Ownership in Eastern Finland
Authors: Honkanen Antti , Pitkänen Kati , Hall Michael C. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractRussian purchase of second home properties in Finland has been the subject of heated national and local debate in the Finnish media. This study examines the attitudes of permanent and second home residents to Russian second homeowners in Savonlinna, Eastern Finland (N = 494). Three separate attitude groups were identified in relation to the effect of Russian second home owners in property prices; the Russians as an economic opportunity; and, the Russians as a threat. Negative attitudes were common, and it is possible that the relations between the Russian second homeowners and local residents will become more contested over time. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Absence of difference in survival between two distant breeding sites of greater snow geese
Authors: Souchay Guillaume , Gauthier Gilles , Lefebvre Josée , Pradel Roger 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAdaptive management of harvested waterfowl requires accurate estimations of demographic parameters. These must also be representative of the targeted population. In the greater snow goose, all demographic parameters so far have been estimated from long‐term banding conducted at a single nesting colony in the Arctic, Bylot Island, where 15% of the population breeds. We used data from a second banding program conducted on Ellesmere Island, 800 km north of Bylot Island and near the northern limit of the breeding range, to compare adult survival between these 2 breeding sites over the period 2007–2011. This allowed us to determine the representativeness of demographic parameters estimated from the Bylot colony. We used a multi‐event capture‐recapture model combining recaptures, resightings of neckbanded birds, and recoveries on a seasonal basis, which allowed us to test specifically for differences in survival during the migration periods. Despite differences in migration distance (20% longer for Ellesmere Island) and environmental conditions, survival rate of birds from these 2 breeding sites were similar in all seasons. Annual survival ranged from 0.72 to 0.79. This apparent absence of a cost of migration on survival may be explained by the canalization hypothesis: variance in adult survival of the greater snow goose, a long‐lived species, caused by environmental factors may have been reduced because of selection pressure on this trait, which is closely linked to fitness. The absence of spatial variation in adult survival suggests that the extrapolation of survival parameters estimated from the Bylot Island colony to the entire population may be valid. © 2015 The Wildlife Society.
Charge Transport in Electrically Doped Amorphous Organic Semiconductors
Authors: Yoo Seung‐Jun , Kim Jang‐Joo 
Published: April 2015

This article reviews recent progress on charge generation by doping and its influence on the carrier mobility in organic semiconductors (OSs). The doping induced charge generation efficiency is generally low in OSs which was explained by the integer charge transfer model and the hybrid charge transfer model. The ionized dopants formed by charge transfer between hosts and dopants can act as Coulomb traps for mobile charges, and the presence of Coulomb traps in OSs broadens the density of states (DOS) in doped organic films. The Coulomb traps strongly reduce the carrier hopping rate and thereby change the carrier mobility, which was confirmed by experiments in recent years. In order to fully understand the doping mechanism in OSs, further quantitative and systematic analyses of charge transport characteristics must be accomplished.
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New applications and perspectives of fast field cycling NMR relaxometry
Authors: Steele Rebecca M. , Korb Jean‐Pierre , Ferrante Gianni , Bubici Salvatore 
Published: April 2015

The field cycling NMR relaxometry method (also known as fast field cycling (FFC) when instruments employing fast electrical switching of the magnetic field are used) allows determination of the spin‐lattice relaxation time (T1) continuously over five decades of Larmor frequency. The method can be exploited to observe the T1 frequency dependence of protons, as well as any other NMR‐sensitive nuclei, such as 2H, 13C, 31P, and 19F in a wide range of substances and materials. The information obtained is directly correlated with the physical/chemical properties of the compound and can be represented as a ‘nuclear magnetic resonance dispersion’ curve.We present some recent academic and industrial applications showing the relevance of exploiting FFC NMR relaxometry in complex materials to study the molecular dynamics or, simply, for fingerprinting or quality control purposes. The basic nuclear magnetic resonance dispersion features are outlined in representative examples of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents, porous media, proteins, and food stuffs.We will focus on the new directions and perspectives for the FFC technique. For instance, the introduction of the latest Wide Bore FFC NMR relaxometers allows probing, for the first time, of the dynamics of confined surface water contained in the macro‐pores of carbonate rock cores.We also evidence the use of the latest field cycling technology with a new cryogen‐free variable‐field electromagnet, which enhances the range of available frequencies in the 2D T1–T2 correlation spectrum for separating oil and water in crude oil. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rethinking Visiting Friends and Relatives Mobilities
Authors: Janta Hania , Cohen Scott A. , Williams Allan M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe increasing number of people leading more mobile lives, with spatially dispersed families, raises questions over how they maintain their family life and friendships and how this is shaped and shapes different forms of migration and different patterns of visiting friends and relatives (VFR). This paper develops an explanatory framework for conceptualising and analysing VFR mobilities, seeking to draw together threads from migration, mobilities, and tourism studies. In unpacking the notion of VFR, this paper understands VFR mobilities as being constituted of diverse practices and discusses five of the most important of these: social relationships, the provision of care, affirmations of identities and roots, maintenance of territorial rights, and leisure tourism. Although these five types of practices are considered sequentially in this paper, they are in practice often blurred and overlapping. The interweaving of these practices changes over time, as does the meaning and content of individual practices, reflecting changes in the duration of migration, life cycle stage, individual goals and values, and the broader sets of relationships with and social obligations to different kin and friends. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and biphasic calcium phosphate using Ca(OH)2 and (NH4)H2PO4
Authors: Unabia Romnick , Piagola Joy Cristy , Guerrero John Robert , Vequizo Reynaldo , Gambe Jess , Odarve Majvell Kay , Sambo Bianca Rae 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn this study, nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and biphasic calcium phosphate prepared via wet chemical precipitation technique in an isolated N2 environment that utilizes calcium hydroxide and ammonium dihydrogenphosphate as main precursors, is presented. Formation of predominantly hydroxyapatite with increasing crystallinity from 39.6 to 88.3% with corresponding crystallite sizes of ∼20.6 and ∼46.6 nm were found for the as‐grown and the annealed powders, respectively. Partly phase transition of hydroxyapatite to β‐TCP phase forming biphasic calcium phosphate was observed in the 900 oC annealed powders. Aggregated structures with nanopores were depicted on the surface of the as‐grown sample while interconnected worm‐like structures with voids forming nanopores were found for the sample annealed at 900 oC. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Data mining‐based tag recommendation system: an overview
Authors: Vairavasundaram Subramaniyaswamy , Varadharajan Vijayakumar , Vairavasundaram Indragandhi , Ravi Logesh 
Published: April 2015

The advent of high‐speed Internet connections has revolutionized the way research is being carried out to obtain relevant information. Conversely, retrieving pertinent information from the copious resources available is not only difficult but also time consuming. In the recent years, tagging activity has been perceived as a potential source of knowledge on personal preferences, interests, targets, goals, and other attributes. Tags allow users to effectively annotate resources using keywords to personalize their recommendations and organize the resources for easy retrieval. However, the preference of users varies extremely resulting in tagging being counterproductive. These shortcomings reduce the application of the tagging system for filtering as well as retrieval of information. The tag recommendation system becomes useful by suggesting a set of relevant keywords to annotate the resources. This paper presents a review of the tag recommendation systems and the constraints that affects the available tag recommendation systems. Furthermore, we propose the use of spreading activation algorithm to study the role of constructed topic ontology for efficient tag recommendations. This approach is founded on the assumption that tags that are recommended to the user are predicted from the extracted keywords from the existing blogs and the topics in constructed topic ontology. We have also proposed a tag classification system, namely Correlation‐based Feature Selection–Hybrid Genetic Algorithm and classifier HGA‐SVM (support vector machine), and have compared the results with results produced by other existing feature selection methods. The results obtained from the experiments have been presented. WIREs Data Mining Knowl Discov 2015, 5:87–112. doi: 10.1002/widm.1149This article is categorized under:

Algorithmic Development > Web Mining
Technologies > Classification
Technologies > Computational Intelligence
l-sorbose is not only a substrate for 2-keto-l-gulonic acid production in the artificial microbial ecosystem of two strains mixed fermentation
Authors: Mandlaa  , Yang Weichao , Liu Chengbin , Xu Hui 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The co-culture system of the fermentation process of vitamin C can be regarded as an artificial microbial ecosystem (AME). To extend our understanding of this AME, an investigation of the relationship between strains, substrate and product was carried out in this study. The results showed that both Ketogulonicigenium vulgare and 2-keto-l-gulonic acid (2-KLG, the precursor of vitamin C) can inhibit the growth of the helper strain, while the helper strain promoted the growth of K. vulgare and 2-KLG production. Moreover, l-sorbose is not only a substrate for 2-KLG production in the AME, but also a promoter of K. vulgare and an inhibitor of the helper strain. In the earlier stage of fermentation, the inhibition of l-sorbose on the helper strain’s growth is a key factor for ensuring an efficient fermentation. In the condition of adding the extra helper strain (OD: 0.57, ratio of inoculation: 2 %), the yields of 2-KLG is increased by 9 % in the 14 % l-sorbose medium. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report about the inhibition of substrate in the AME of 2-KLG production.
Outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer and precancer lesion: Experience from a center in Southern Taiwan
Authors: Hsieh Yung‐Yu , Lee I‐Lin , Wei Kuo‐Liang , Chang Te‐Sheng , Tung Shui‐Yi , Wu Cheng‐Shyong , Lin Yi‐Hsiung 
Published: April 2015

SummaryBackgroundLimited data are available on the interval of disease‐free status after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer and precancer lesion in Taiwan. In this long‐term (2–105 months) follow‐up study, we analyzed the risk factors that affect the local recurrence and noncurative resection (non‐CR) of these lesions.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 65 consecutive treatment‐naïve patients with 69 EGC lesions who were selected to be treated by ESD. A total of 56 lesions (48 CR lesions and 8 non‐CR lesions) were analyzed for local recurrence after ESD.Results and DiscussionESD was curative for gastric epithelial tumors in 51 (73.9%) but not in 18 (26.1%) lesions. Unfortunately, five (8.93%) of these 56 lesions in 53 patients had local recurrence. None of the patients died from gastric cancer‐associated diseases during follow‐up. In our studies, the cumulative local recurrence rates were 5.3% in the CR group and 56.7% in the non‐CR group (p = 0.0091). The disease‐free status was high (94.7%) with CR. The risk factors that affect the non‐CR were tumor location (p = 0.013), deeper invasion (p < 0.001), undifferentiated histopathology (p < 0.001), and ulcer presence (p = 0.045).ConclusionESD offers good outcome after treatment for EGC. To decrease the risk of local recurrence, preoperative diagnosis of tumor extent and accurate postoperative pathological evaluation are very important.
EXISTENTIAL-IMPORT MATHEMATICS
Authors: CORCORAN JOHN , MASOUD HASSAN 
Published: April 2015

AbstractFirst-order logic haslimitedexistential import: the universalized conditional ∀x[S(x) → P(x)] implies its corresponding existentialized conjunction ∃x[S(x) & P(x)] insome but not allcases. We prove theExistential-Import Equivalence:∀x[S(x) → P(x)] implies ∃x[S(x) & P(x)] iff ∃xS(x) is logically true.The antecedent S(x) of the universalized conditional alone determines whether the universalized conditionalhas existential import: implies its corresponding existentialized conjunction.Apredicateis a formula having onlyxfree. Anexistential-importpredicate Q(x) is one whose existentialization, ∃xQ(x), is logically true; otherwise, Q(x) isexistential-import-freeor simplyimport-free. Existential-import predicates are also said to beimport-carrying.How widespread is existential import? How widespread are import-carrying predicates in themselves or in comparison to import-free predicates? To answer, let L be any first-order language with any interpretation INT in any [sc. nonempty] universe U. A subset S of U isdefinable inLunderINT iff for some predicate Q(x) in L, S is the truth-set of Q(x) under INT. S isimport-carrying definableiff S is the truth-set of an import-carrying predicate. S isimport-free definableiff S is the truth-set of an import-free predicate.Existential-Importance Theorem: Let L, INT, and U be arbitrary. Every nonempty definable subset of U isbothimport-carrying definableandimport-free definable.Import-carrying predicates are quite abundant, and no less so than import-free predicates. Existential-import implications hold as widely as they fail.A particular conclusion cannot be validly drawn from a universal premise, or from any number of universal premises.—Lewis-Langford, 1932, p. 62.
Aberrant MEK5/ERK5 signalling contributes to human colon cancer progression via NF-κB activation
Authors: Simões A E S , Pereira D M , Gomes S E , Brito H , Carvalho T , French A , Castro R E , Steer C J , Thibodeau S N , Rodrigues C M P , Borralho P M 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis study was designed to evaluate MEK5 and ERK5 expression in colon cancer progression and to ascertain the relevance of MEK5/ERK5 signalling in colon cancer. Expression of MEK5 and ERK5 was evaluated in 323 human colon cancer samples. To evaluate the role of MEK5/ERK5 signalling in colon cancer, we developed a stable cell line model with differential MEK5/ERK5 activation. Impact of differential MEK5/ERK5 signalling was evaluated on cell cycle progression by flow cytometry and cell migration was evaluated by wound healing and transwell migration assays. Finally, we used an orthotopic xenograft mouse model of colon cancer to assess tumour growth and progression. Our results demonstrated that MEK5 and ERK5 are overexpressed in human adenomas (P<0.01) and adenocarcinomas (P<0.05), where increased ERK5 expression correlated with the acquisition of more invasive and metastatic potential (P<0.05). Interestingly, we observed a significant correlation between ERK5 expression and NF-κB activation in human adenocarcinomas (P<0.001). We also showed that ERK5 overactivation significantly accelerated cell cycle progression (P<0.05) and increased cell migration (P<0.01). Furthermore, cells with overactivated ERK5 displayed increased NF-κB nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity (P<0.05), together with increased expression of the mesenchymal marker vimentin (P<0.05). We further demonstrated that increased NF-κB activation was associated with increased IκB phosphorylation and degradation (P<0.05). Finally, in the mouse model, lymph node metastasis was exclusively seen in orthotopically implanted tumours with overactivated MEK5/ERK5, and not in tumours with inhibited MEK5/ERK5. Our results suggested that MEK5/ERK5/NF-κB signalling pathway is important for tumour onset, progression and metastasis, possibly representing a novel relevant therapeutic target in colon cancer treatment.
Plasticity of Listeriolysin O Pores and its Regulation by pH and Unique Histidine
Authors: Podobnik Marjetka , Marchioretto Marta , Zanetti Manuela , Bavdek Andrej , Kisovec Matic , Cajnko Miša Mojca , Lunelli Lorenzo , Serra Mauro Dalla , Anderluh Gregor 
Published: April 2015

AbstractPore formation of cellular membranes is an ancient mechanism of bacterial pathogenesis that allows efficient damaging of target cells. Several mechanisms have been described, however, relatively little is known about the assembly and properties of pores. Listeriolysin O (LLO) is a pH-regulated cholesterol-dependent cytolysin from the intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes, which forms transmembrane β-barrel pores. Here we report that the assembly of LLO pores is rapid and efficient irrespective of pH. While pore diameters at the membrane surface are comparable at either pH 5.5 or 7.4, the distribution of pore conductances is significantly pH-dependent. This is directed by the unique residue H311, which is also important for the conformational stability of the LLO monomer and the rate of pore formation. The functional pores exhibit variations in height profiles and can reconfigure significantly by merging to other full pores or arcs. Our results indicate significant plasticity of large β-barrel pores, controlled by environmental cues like pH.