Abstract C182: Phosphodiesterase 10: A novel cancer target.
Authors: Li Nan , Lee Kevin , Xi Yaguang , Zhu Bing , Gary Bernard D. , Ramirez-Alcantara Veronica , Gurpinar Evrim , Canzoneri Joshua , Fajardo Alexandra , Sigler Sara , Piazza John T. , Chen Xi , Andrews Joel , Thomas Meagan , Lu Wenyan , Li Yonghe , Laan Danuel J. , Moyer Mary P. , Russo Suzanne , Eberhardt Brian T. , Yet Larry , Keeton Adam B. , Grizzle William E. , Piazza Gary A. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Previous studies report that induction of intracellular cGMP can selectively inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of tumor cells. However, the phosphodiesterase (PDE) isozymes responsible for regulating cGMP in tumor cells or the basis for this selectivity have not been well studied. Here we report that PDE10 is elevated in colon tumor cell lines compared to normal colonocytes. High levels of PDE10 were also measured in colon tumors from human clinical samples and the ApcMin/+ mouse model compared to normal intestinal mucosa. PDE10 inhibitors (PQ-10, Pf-2545920) and siRNA selectively inhibit colon tumor cell growth by inhibiting proliferating and inducing apoptosis, while stable knockdown inhibits colony formation and increases doubling time. Conversely, ectopic expression of PDE10 increases the growth rate of colonocytes. Pf-2545920 inhibits the growth of all lines in the NCI-60 tumor cell panel, indicating a functional role of PDE10 across histologically diverse tumor types. The mechanism by which PDE10 inhibition suppresses growth involves activation of cGMP/PKG signaling to reduce β-catenin and TCF transcriptional activity. Given its potential as a new cancer target, PDE10 was used to design and screen for novel anticancer agents. A group of indene analogs was found to potently and selectively suppress tumor cell growth with IC50 values less than Pf-2545920. A lead compound, MCI-020, displayed attractive oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetic properties in mice with an unusual characteristic of achieving high lung concentrations compared with plasma and other tissues. Because of its unique biodistribution pattern, MCI-020 was evaluated in a lung orthotopic mouse model using human A549 lung tumor cells. Oral administration of MCI-020 was well tolerated up to at least 250 mg bid for 5 weeks without affecting body weight. As summarized below, MCI-020 (150 mg bid) significantly increased the number of mice showing no visible tumors from 15.4% in the vehicle group (n=13) to 75% in the treated group (n=12) and strongly reduced tumor formation among mice that developed tumors. Microscopic examination of lung sections using a 1-4 grading scale to measure the extent of tumor formation revealed a score of 2.8 ± 0.42 (high involvement) for the vehicle group and 0.83 ± 0.29 (low involvement) for the treated group (p&lt;0.05). These observations suggest that PDE10 plays a critical role in tumor growth that can be targeted for cancer drug discovery, while existing inhibitors may be repurposed for cancer.

Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):C182.
Citation Format: Nan Li, Kevin Lee, Yaguang Xi, Bing Zhu, Bernard D. Gary, Veronica Ramirez-Alcantara, Evrim Gurpinar, Joshua Canzoneri, Alexandra Fajardo, Sara Sigler, John T. Piazza, Xi Chen, Joel Andrews, Meagan Thomas, Wenyan Lu, Yonghe Li, Danuel J. Laan, Mary P. Moyer, Suzanne Russo, Brian T. Eberhardt, Larry Yet, Adam B. Keeton, William E. Grizzle, Gary A. Piazza. Phosphodiesterase 10: A novel cancer target. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2013 Oct 19-23; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):Abstract nr C182.