bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography Assay for Moxifloxacin in Bulk, Pharmaceutical Formulations and Serum: Application to In‐Vitro Metal Interactions
Authors: Sultana Najma , Arayne M. Saeed , Akhtar Mahwish , Shamim Sana , Gul Somia , Khan Moona Mehboob 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA simple reversed phase HPLC method have been successfully developed and validated for the quantitative determination of moxifloxacin (MOX) in bulk material, pharmaceutical formulation and serum. Purospher STAR C18 (25 cm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) and Discovery C18 (25 cm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) columns were used. The mobile phase, methanol: acetonitrile: water (85:5:10, v/v/v), pH 2.75 adjusted by phosphoric acid was delivered at a flow rate of 1 mL min−1. The eluents was monitored using UV detector at 290 nm. The proposed method is specific, accurate (99.39‐102.67%), precise (intra‐day variation 0.04‐0.86% and inter‐day variation 0.12‐0.94%) and linearity (R2 > 0.999) within the desired range 0.39‐25 μg mL−1 concentration. The detection and quantification limit was 0.002‐0.51 μg mL−1 and 0.01‐0.555 μg mL−1, respectively. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and student's t‐test were applied to verify the results. The anticipated method is applicable to routine analysis of MOX in pharmaceutical formulations and human serum samples. It is also applied on interaction of MOX with several essential and trace metals as well as interaction with antacids.
Direct Electron Transfer of Hemoglobin in a Hydrophilic Ionic Liquid/Gellan Gum Composite Film Modified Carbon Ionic Liquid Electrode
Authors: Qiao Li‐Fang , Zheng Jian‐Bin , Gao Rui‐Fang , Sheng Qing‐Lin 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA gellan gum (GG)‐Hemoglobin (Hb)‐1‐butyl‐3‐methyl‐imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM] [BF4])/carbon ionic liquid electrode(CILE), GG‐Hb‐[BMIM][BF4]/CILE, was fabricated, and the direct electron transfer of hemoglobin and electrocatalytic reaction for electrocatalytic abilities were carefully investigated. Scanning electron microscopy images of the modified electrode showed that it had a dendritic structure. UV‐Vis spectra and FT‐IR spectra showed that Hb in the composite film retained its native structure. Cyclic voltammogram of the modified electrode showed that a pair of well‐defined redox peaks of Hb is observed with the formal potential (E0) of −0.278 V (vs. SCE). The electron transfer coefficient (a) and the apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant (ks) was 0.44 and 2.0 s−1, respectively. The modified electrode also exhibited excellent electrocatalytic ability to the reduction of trichloroacetic acid and hydrogen peroxide with a detection limit of 6.8 μmol/L and 1.5 μmol/L (S/N = 3), respectively. The apparent Michaelis‐Menten constant (KMapp) was estimated to be 4.3 mmol/L and 0.13 mmol/L, respectively. The present study proved that the combination of GG‐[BMIM][BF4] film with CILE is able to open up new opportunities for the design of enzymatic biosensors with potential applications in practice.
Asymmetric Synthesis of a New Salen Type‐titanium Complex as the Catalyst for Asymmetric Trimethylsilylcyanation of Aldehydes
Authors: Lin Zheng‐Chang , Chen Chinpiao 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis work describes the asymmetric synthesis of a new salen‐type ligand via a Diels‐Alder reaction and Curtius rearrangement. The ligand with a norbornane skeleton was used in the trimethylsilylcyanation of aldehydes, but the enantioselectivity was 55%ee. The norborane skeleton was cleaved to destroy this rigidity, and the eanatioselectivity was thereby increased to 85%ee.
Theoretical Study of the Enantioselective Addition of Diethylzinc to Aldehydes Catalyzed by β‐Aminothiols and Thioacetates
Authors: Oyaga Sandra Cotes , Valdés José Cotuá , Zambrano Kelly Velásquez 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe semiempirical PM3 study of the catalytic activity of [(2S)‐1‐benzylpyrrolidinyl]methanethiol 1, S‐([(2S)‐1‐(2,2‐dimethylpropanoyl)pyrrolidinyl]methyl)ethanethioate 2 and [(2S)‐1‐neopentylpyrrolidinyl]methanethiol 3 is described here, also an alternative mechanism for thioacetates type ligands is proposed.
Structural Phase Transition without Accompanied Spin Transition of Complex t‐{Fe(abpt)2[N(CN)2]2}
Authors: Sheu Chou‐Fu , Chuang Yu‐Chun , Liu Yi‐Hung , Sheu Hwo‐Shuenn , Wang Yu 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA reversible crystal‐to‐crystal structural phase transition is found in one of the polymorphs (A) of complex t‐{Fe(abpt)2[N(CN)2]2} (abpt = 4‐Amino‐3,5‐bis (pyridin‐2‐yl)‐1,2,4‐triazole). The crystal at 25 K remains unchanged as triclinic space group P−1 from that of the ambient temperature, but with different cell parameters: a = 8.7960(6), b = 8.8110(9), c = 10.1020(7) Å, α = 94.146(8)°, β = 93.296(6)°, γ = 114.460(7)°, V = 707.48(10) Å3. Thermal‐dependent powder X ‐ray diffraction reveals a first order phase transition with transition temperature, T1/2, at 270 K, which coincides with the change in cell parameters monitored by single crystal diffraction experiment. The molecular structure does vary on the orientation of the axial ligand, N(CN)2, during the phase transition, however the Fe‐N bond distance and the octahedron distortion parameters around Fe indicate that Fe remains at high spin state even after the phase transition which is in accord with the observed thermal‐dependent magnetic measurement.
2‐Amino‐3‐naphthylacrylonitrile Derivatives as Green Luminance Dyes
Authors: Lin Richard , Horng Haw‐Chiung , Lin Hsiu‐Mei , Lin Si‐Yu , Hon Yung‐Son , Chow Tashin J. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThree derivatives of 2‐amino‐3‐naphthylacrylonitrile 2∼4 were synthesized as potential green luminance dyes. The green emission is derived from a charge transfer transition, which exhibits an apparent solvatochromic effect. The crystal structures of derivatives 2 and 3 were resolved by X‐ray diffraction analyses. The diphenylamino derivative 2 was found in monoclinic P21/n space group with a = 10.032(2), b = 17.034(5), c = 12.143(6), and β = 112.02(3)°. The carbazyl derivative 3 was found in triclinic P‐1 space group with a = 8.890(3), b = 9.296(6), c = 12.209(5), and α = 98.89(4)°, β = 93.46(3)°, γ = 116.47(4)°. The amino group in 2 forms a better resonance with acrylonitrile group than that in 3. The electronic nature of the amino group is responsible for the spectral difference among three compounds. The effect is verified by ab initio molecular modeling.
Anion and Length‐Modulated Bidentate N‐Donor Ligand Controlled Zn(II) Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Luo Shih‐Ci , Lin Ivan J. B. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractTwo metal complexes [Zn2(BTE)2Cl4](1a) and [Zn(BTEE)Cl2](1b) and two coordination polymers [Zn(BTE)2(NO3)2]n (2) and {[Zn(BTE)2(H2O)2](ClO4)2·2H2O}n (3·2H2O, abbreviated in 3) constructed from two structurally related ligands, 2,2′‐bis(1H‐1,2,4‐triazolyl)ether (BTE) and 2,2′‐bis(1H‐1,2,4‐triazolyl)ethoxyethane (BTEE) have been synthesized. Complexes 1a and 1b display zero‐dimension macrocyclic ring structures, while coordination polymers 2 and 3 exhibit one‐dimension chain and two‐dimension corrugated sheet, respectively. Then, intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions in 1–3 expand those lower dimension structures to extended frameworks.
A New Self‐Polymerization of Acrylic Acid with a Mono‐Aziridine Containing Compound
Authors: Chen Po‐Cheng , Wang Shih‐Chieh , Hwang Jing‐Zhong , Yeh Jen‐Taut , Huang Chi‐Yuan , Chen Kan‐Nan 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA new self‐polymerization took place between acrylic acid (AA) and a mono‐aziridine containing compound, e.g. methyl 3‐(aziridin‐1‐yl) propanoate (MAP) upon mixing that resulted in formation of a linear polyethyleneimine (PEI) with amino‐ester bonds. This self‐polymerization has a key reaction of ring opening reaction occurred between carboxylic acid and aziridine that led to an amino‐ester bond formation. The model reactions of trimethylacetic acid (TMAA) with MAP and then with ethyl acrylate (EA) were designed to demonstrat the self‐polymerization mechanism. The model reaction product at each stage related to that of polymerization was characterized by FT‐IR and FT‐NMR. The self‐polymerization occurred via three consecutive reactions at ambient temperature, which were acid‐base neutralization, aziridine ring‐opening and finally Michael addition reaction. Their average molecular weight of resulting PEI could be over 60,000 in aqueous medium or a higher polymer formation in bulk, which is insoluble in water or any organic solvent. This self‐polymerization process could have potential for adhesives, composite materials or other polymer applications.
Synthesis of Nanocrystalline SrFe12O19 Particles Doped with SrTiO3 via Combustion Synthesis for Microwave Absorption Applications
Authors: Chang Ching‐Chih , Chen Yi‐Chuan , Wang Gaw‐Pying , Hwang Chyi‐Ching , Yeh Cyuan‐Cing 
Published: May 2015

AbstractNanocrystalline hard magnetic SrFe12O19 (Sr‐M) particles incorporated with high dielectric constant SrTiO3 (STO, up to 15 mol%), which are being investigated as potential materials for microwave absorption, were synthesized simultaneously in one step through a combustion reaction using nitrates and glycine as raw materials. The desired products simply composed of Sr‐M and STO can be obtained after calcination of the as‐burned nanoparticles products at 900 °C for 1 h. The effects of the STO content on the relative complex permittivity (ϵr = ϵ′ −jϵ″), permeability (μr = μ′ −jμ″) and the behavior of microwave absorption in the frequency range of 1 MHz − 1.8 GHz have been investigated. Adding more STO to Sr‐M was demonstrated not only to improve ϵr but also to modify μr. In addition, it was found that the sintered specimens showed a characteristic of broad‐band absorption, and their absorbing efficiencies were enhanced with increasing STO content.
A Prefractionation Method Can Separate Proteomic Proteins into Multigroups by One‐step Extraction
Authors: Bai Hai‐Xin , Liu Xiao‐Hua , Yang Fan , Yang Xiu‐Rong , Wang Er‐Kang 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA variety of prefractionation methods for proteome analysis had been developed, but some of these had defects such as requirements sophisticated apparatus, expensive reagents, too long experimental time or complicated operation. In this work, a simple, rapid and low‐cost prefractionation method for proteome analysis was developed based on an aqueous two‐phase system (ATPS), which used simple and inexpensive components in place of the polymers, could pre‐separate proteomic proteins into multigroups by one‐step extraction according proteins' difference in solubility. The ATPS consisted of isopropanol, ammonium sulfate and water. The highlight attractiveness of this method included simplicity, rapidity, low cost and the ability of concentrating target proteins. Attractiveness of this method also included biocompability, amenability to linear scale‐up, potential for continuous operation, and being easy or no need for separating the target proteins from phase‐forming reagents before gel electrophoresis analysis. It was the first time that the ATPS composed of isopropanol, ammonium sulfate and water was used in studying the prefractionation method for proteome analysis. Thus, this method had great significance in proteome analysis and methodology.
Study on the Determination of Trace Zinc by Spectrophotometry after Flotation Separation with Ternary Association Complex System
Authors: Tu Chang‐Qing , Wen Xin‐Rong 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe paper presents a novel method for the flotation separation of Zn2+ with ternary association complex system prior to the determination by spectrophotometry. The effects of different parameters, such as the dosages of NH4SCN and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DTAC), various salts and acidity etc. on the flotation yield of Zn2+ have been investigated to select the experimental conditions. The possible flotation mechanism of Zn2+ was discussed. The results showed that by controlling pH 4.0, in the presence of 1.0 g NaBr, when the dosage of 0.1 molṁL−1 NH4SCN solution was 2.50 mL and 5.0 × 10−3 molṁL−1 DTAC solution was 2.00 mL respectively, the water‐insoluble ternary association complex of [Zn(SCN)4] (DTAC)2 which produced by Zn2+ and SCN−, DTAC cation (DTAC+) floated above water phase and liquid‐solid phases were formed with clear interface, while K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+, Fe2+, Mn2+, Cd2+, Co2+ and Ni2+ could not be floated, so Zn2+ was floated quantitatively at pH 4.0. Thereby, the quantitative separation of Zn2+ from the above metal ions could be achieved. A new method of determination of trace zinc by flotation separation was established. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the determination of Zn2+ in plating waster water, and the results agreed well with AAS method. The recoveries were 93.6%∼106.4%, and the RSD was 1.8%∼2.3%.
Isolation and Purification of Flavonoids from Ziziphus jujuba by High‐Speed Counter‐Current Chromatography
Authors: Bai He‐Long , Wang Jing , Liu Chun‐Ming , Li Li 
Published: May 2015

AbstractHigh‐Speed Counter‐Current Chromatography (HSCCC) coupled with Diode array detector (DAD) was successfully applied to the isolation and purification of three flavonoids from Ziziphus jujuba. The solvent system was composed of ethyl acetate‐n‐butanol‐water (3:2:5, v/v/v). The purity of compounds 1, 2 and 3 was above 90.0% by HPLC‐DAD and the structures of these compounds were identified by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI‐MSn) as spinosin, 6′″‐sinapoylspinosin, 6′″‐feruloylspinosin.
Synthesis of Capped Tetrachelate Porphyrins: Towards “Insulation” of the Chromophore on Semiconductor Surfaces
Authors: Lee Chi‐Hang , Chitre Keyur , Galoppini Elena 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA novel “capped” metal‐free tetraphenylporphyrin 1, was synthesized and characterized. The cap was designed to “insulate” the chromophoric unit and prevent aggregation as well as undesired contacts on the semiconductor surface. The cap was made of a benzene unit linked by four methylenic units (‐(CH2)4−) to the meso‐phenyl ring of the porphyrin core through an ether group. The COOMe groups are in meta position for an ideal bite angle to the semiconductor surface and the constrain imposed by the cap avoids conformational freedom of the anchoring groups. The 1H NMR spectrum of 1 suggests that the metal free macrocycle 1 is distorted from planarity. The solution UV‐Vis and fluorescence emission spectra of 1 were typical of a metal‐free tetraphenylporphyrin.
Preparation and Photovoltaic Characterization of Free‐Base and Metallo Carboxyphenylethynyl Porphyrins for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Lin Ching‐Yao , Lo Chen‐Fu , Hsieh Min‐Hsu , Hsu Shun‐Ju , Lu Hsueh‐Pei , Diau Eric Wei‐Guang 
Published: May 2015

AbstractFree‐base, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper and zinc 5‐(4‐carboxy‐phenylethynyl)‐10,20‐biphenylporphines are synthesized to study the impact of central metal ions to the photovoltaic performance of the solar cells.
3D Electrodes for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells: Synthesis of ITO Nanowire Arrays Inside the TiO2 Nanotubes
Authors: Hung Pei‐Ling , Wen Ming‐Hsien , Hung Kai‐Hsiang , Bow Jong‐Shing , Wang Hong‐Wen , Han Jeff C. C. , Lu Yung‐Fang , Chung Jen‐Chieh , Liu Yu‐Chang , Zeng Yu‐Zhen , Ratinac Kyle R. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn the present study, ITO nanowires electrode within the anodized TiO2 nanotubes without using the polycarbonate membrane templates were attempted. The process begins with an anodized TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNA) and subsequent growth of indium‐tin‐oxide (ITO) nanowires into the TiO2 nanotube arrays via the electrophoretic process (EPD). The open‐end of TiO2 nanotubes were synthesized for the photoelectrode of DSSC. ITO nanowires were then grown into these TNA by EPD process. The composite of ITO/anodized TNA was employed as the working electrode for the assembly into DSSCs. The advantage of the present method is that the membrane templates in EPD process were not required. In addition, the ITO nanowires will surely not contact each other which might cause short circuit. The morphologies and the structures of ITO nanowires and TNA electrode were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Modeling of the J‐V Characteristics for ITO/CuPc/C60/Al Hetero‐Structure Solar Cells
Authors: Wei Shi‐Zhan , Lin Chih‐Chung Chang, Ru‐Hau , Lin Ku‐Yen , Jong Ming‐Nan , Juey Liu‐Ting , Chiu Kuan‐Cheng 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe characteristics of current density (J) versus bias voltage (V) for various organic photovoltaic cells (OPVCs) with a basic hetero‐structure of ITO/CuPc/C60/Al are measured and analyzed by an equivalent circuit model. Two modeling schemes are developed and analyzed. The first one involves the direct fit of the J‐V data to the equation governed by the equivalent circuit. But for some of the J‐V data, the direct‐fit scheme occasionally leads to unrealistic fitting values. To maximize the usefulness of the equivalent circuit, a second modified scheme is then proposed and justified. Finally, together with experimental J‐V data and numerical fitting results, effects from the adding of C60 hetero‐junction layer and from the changing of substrate temperature during the deposition of CuPc layer are discussed for various OPVCs.
Wave‐Like Energy Resonance Transfer of Plasmonic Absorption Gap in Plasmon‐Sensitized Solar Cell, Plasmonic Solar Cells, and Plasmonic Photovoltaics
Authors: Su Yen‐Hsun , Tu Sheng‐Lung , Su Yi‐Hui , Chang Shih‐Hui 
Published: May 2015

AbstractOscillators in classical electromagnetic refer to electrons transition between energy band gaps in visible light in quantum mechanism. In experimental section, Fermi‐level of bulk‐like gold NPs contacts that of semiconductor due to the balance of the electronic density on the surface. Energy level, E, referred by the expectation value of the SPR dipole is below the work function of gold NP. The different energy between E and work function is Eg. In theory, SPR of gold NP acts as an energy level to transfer energy via wave‐like oscillator. Photoelectrons inject into the surrounding semiconductor and are difficult to come back due to the Schottky barrier. Furthermore, photoelectric current of dye/Au NPs/P‐25 TiO2 on the ITO glass substrate indicates that optical current is about −0.5 μA, which results from the higher level of the surface plasmon of Au NPs than that of N3 dye and TiO2.
Simultaneous Determination of Prazosin, Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin and Simvastatin in API, Dosage Formulations and Human Serum by RP‐HPLC
Authors: Sultana Najma , Arayne M. Saeed , Shah Shabana Naz , Shafi Nighat , Naveed Safila 
Published: May 2015

AbstractPrazosin hydrochloride is the first developed selective antagonist for α1 — adrenoceptors, which is used as antihypertensive agent. Statins are used in the treatment of various types of hypercholesterolemia. In the present paper a simple, specific an accurate RP‐HPLC method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of prazosin, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin and simvastatin in active and in dosage formulations. A nucleosil 100‐10, C‐18, 10μ column having 250 × 4.6 mm i.d. in isocratic mode, with mobile phase containing methanol:water:acetonitrile (70:20:10) adjusted to pH 2.5 ± 0.02 using orthophosphoric acid. The flow rate was 1 mLmin−1 and effluents were monitored at 240 nm. The % recovery for all the drugs in formulations was found to be 94‐105%. The parameters such as accuracy (%RSD less than 2), precision (%RSD less than 2), linearity (>0.999) were found to be satisfactory. The presented method was applied without any interference of excepients for the determination of tablets. The proposed method due to its low LOQ, excellent accuracy, precision and selectivity could be used for routine quality control.
DNA Binding Studies and Cytotoxicity of Ethylenediamine 8‐Hydroxyquinolinato Palladium(II) Chloride
Authors: Mansouri‐Torshizi H. , Saeidifar M. , Rezaei‐Behbehani G. R. , Divsalar A. , Saboury A. A. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractInteraction between ethylenediamine 8‐hydroxyquinolinato palladium(II) chloride and calf thymus DNA (CT‐DNA) in aqueous solution were studied by UV‐Visible absorption, fluorescence spectroscopic techniques and gel chromatography at temperatures of 300 K and 310 K. The complex bound strongly and intercalatively to the CT‐DNA. The results of the cytotoxicity assay of the Pd(II) complex on the leukemia cell line, K562 indicated lower cytotoxicity than cisplatin. The Pd(II) complex is considered an agent with potential antitumor activity. The calculation of several binding and thermodynamic parameters of the inclusion Pd(II) complex with CT‐DNA may provide deeper insights into the mechanism of action of these types of complexes with nucleic acids.
The role of chairman and research director in influencing scholarly productivity and research funding in academic orthopaedic surgery
Authors: Stavrakis Alexandra I. , Patel Ankur D. , Burke Zachary D. C. , Loftin Amanda H. , Dworsky Erik M. , Silva Mauricio , Bernthal Nicholas M. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine what orthopaedic surgery department leadership characteristics are most closely correlated with securing NIH funding and increasing scholarly productivity. Scopus database was used to identify number of publications/h‐index for 4,328 faculty, department chairs (DC), and research directors (RD), listed on departmental websites from 138 academic orthopaedic departments in the United States. NIH funding data was obtained for the 2013 fiscal year. While all programs had a DC, only 46% had a RD. Of $54,925,833 in NIH funding allocated to orthopaedic surgery faculty in 2013, 3% of faculty and 31% of departments were funded. 16% of funded institutions had a funded DC whereas 65% had a funded RD. Department productivity and funding were highly correlated to leadership productivity and funding(p< 0.05). Mean funding was $1,700,000 for departments with a NIH‐funded RD, $104,000 for departments with an unfunded RD, and $72,000 for departments with no RD. These findings suggest that orthopaedic department academic success is directly associated with scholarly productivity and funding of both DC and RD. The findings further highlight the correlation between a funded RD and a well‐funded department. This does not hold for an unfunded RD. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:1407–1411, 2015.
Differences in organic matter and bacterioplankton between sections of the largest Arctic river: Mosaic or continuum?
Authors: Gladyshev Michail I. , Kolmakova Olesia V. , Tolomeev Alexander P. , Anishchenko Olesia V. , Makhutova Olesia N. , Kolmakova Anzhelika A. , Kravchuk Elena S. , Glushchenko Larisa A. , Kolmakov Vladimir I. , Sushchik Nadezhda N. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWe studied biogeochemical characteristics, including organic carbon and nitrogen contents, fatty acid (FA) composition, stable isotope ratios, and primary production in conjunction with species composition of bacterioplankton, using next generation sequencing, in the Yenisei River along a distance ∼1800 km. Basing on FA composition of particulate organic matter (POM) and on other indicators of sources of POM, the river was subdivided into four sections. The upper section 1, situated in mountain region, was the net source of high‐quality autochthonous organic matter, produced primarily by diatoms and partly consumed by specialized bacteria species. Section 2 in plain taiga was net sink of high quality allochthonous and autochthonous organic matter, produced by cyanobacteria and green algae. Section 3 was net sink of organic matter, primarily allochthonous, consumed by the specialized species of bacteria. The lowest section 4, situated in tundra, was primarily the conduit of recalcitrant terrestrial organic matter, but also the net source of autochthonous organic matter, produced by diatoms. Biogeochemical traits of sections of the Yenisei River evidently shaped dominant species composition of bacterioplankton of these sections. Regarding the biogeochemical and microbiological data, we concluded that the Yenisei River ecosystem complexly combines features of river mosaic, river continuum, and “neutral pipe.”