bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CONDITION MONITORING OF OFF-HIGHWAY TRUCK TIRES AT SUNGUN COPPER MINE USING NEURAL NETWORKS / MONITOROWANIE STANU TECHNICZNEGO OPON W CIĘŻKICH POJAZDACH TERENOWYCH EKSPLOATOWANYCH W KOPALNI MIEDZI SUNGUN, PRZY UŻYCIU SIECI NEURONOWYCH
Authors: Morad Amin Moniri , Sattarvand Javad 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Maintenance cost of the equipment is one of the most important portions of the operating expenditures in mines; therefore, any change in the equipment productivity can lead to major changes in the unit cost of the production. This clearly shows the importance and necessity of using novel maintenance methods instead of traditional approaches, in order to reach the minimum sudden occurrence of the equipment failure. For instance, the tires are costly components in maintenance which should be regularly inspected and replaced among different axles. The paper investigates the current condition of equipment tires at Sungun Copper Mine and uses neural networks to estimate the wear of the tires. The Input parameters of the network composed of initial tread depth, time of inspection and consumed tread depth by the time of inspection. The output of the network is considered as the residual service time ratio of the tires. The network trained by the feed-forward back propagation learning algorithm. Results revealed a good coincidence between the real and estimated values as 96.6% of correlation coefficient. Hence, better decisions could be made about the tires to reduce the sudden failures and equipment breakdowns.
A STUDY INTO OCCURRENCE OF FIRE IN OPENCAST WORKINGS OVER DEVELOPED COAL PILLARS AND EVOLVING CONTROL PARAMETERS FOR ITS SAFE EXTRACTION / BADANIE PRZYPADKU WYSTĄPIENIA POŻARU W WYROBISKACH ODKRYWKOWYCH PONAD UDOSTĘPNIANYMI FILARAMI WĘGLOWYMI I OPRACOWANIE PARAMETRÓW KONTROLNYCH DLA ZAPEWNIENIA ICH BEZPIECZNEGO WYDOBYCIA
Authors: Panigrahi Durgacharan , Sinha Satish Kumar , Singh Garib Nath 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In India, a number of opencast mines are being worked over the coal pillars developed by underground bord and pillar method of mining. In these cases, the fires have occurred in most of these opencast mines causing loss of the coal reserve, production, productivity and safety. In this research work, 13 such mines have been studied over a period of three years and critical parameters for occurrence of these fires have been identified. This paper presents the details of observations for two such mines and detailed statistical analyses have been carried out by using confidence interval (C.I.) and analysis of variance (ANOVA-Two-way classification) for finding out the range of these critical parameters which can be controlled to reduce the occurrence of these fires.
THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE SORPTION PROPERTIES OF COAL FROM UPPER SILESIAN COAL BASIN, POLAND / WPŁYW ZMIAN TEMPERATURY NA WŁASNOŚCI SORPCYJNE NA PODSTAWIE BADAŃ WYBRANYCH WĘGLI Z GÓRNOŚLĄSKIEGO ZAGŁĘBIA WĘGLOWEGO
Authors: Wierzbicki Mirosław 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
This paper presents the results of studies on gas sorption performed by means of the gravimetric method. The tests were performed on two coal samples of different metamorphism degrees, came from two regions of Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland. The changes in sorption capacity of coals were measured in the pressure range from 0.1 MPa to 17 MPa and in temperatures ranging from 291K to 333K. Coal of a lower coalification degree was a better methane sorbent. Changes in sorption capacity of tested coals were linearly dependent on the temperature. The increase in temperature of 10K reduces the Langmuir sorption of about 0.7-0.8 [cm3/g]. Such increase of temperature causes a nonlinear increase of the Langmuir pressure (b-1). These results showed that the rise of rock temperature, caused by geothermal gradient, can induce a significant increase of equilibrium pressure of methane in coal seam. An increase of coal seam temperature may cause an increase of gas and coal outburst risk in a coal mine.
ANALYTICAL METHOD OF DESIGNING AND SELECTING TAKE-UP SYSTEMS FOR MINING BELT CONVEYORS / ANALITYCZNA METODA PROJEKTOWANIA I DOBORU UKŁADÓW NAPINANIA DLA GÓRNICZYCH PRZENOŚNIKÓW TAŚMOWYCH
Authors: Kulinowski Piotr 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
This article presents a method developed to design and select tensioning systems which makes use of standard calculations. It describes procedures for selecting and analysing the operation of devices tensioning the belt, which procedures are based on the static characteristics of these devices, and a proposal for introducing a substitute belt elasticity modulus that would make the calculations of the tensioning stroke length account for the value of the initial force tensioning the belt and for its sag between sets of idlers. Static characteristics of tensioning systems have been used to describe their operation and present the advantages and disadvantages of individual design solutions
VISUALIZATION OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL DATA IN PURPOSE OF QUALITATIVE CLASSIFICATION OF VARIOUS TYPES OF COAL / WIZUALIZACJA WIELOWYMIAROWYCH DANYCH W CELU KLASYFIKACJI JAKOŚCIOWEJ RÓŻNYCH TYPÓW WĘGLA
Authors: Niedoba Tomasz , Jamróz Dariusz 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Coal as energetic raw material features by many parameters determining its quality. In classification of coal types there are many of them with typical division of energetic, semi-coking and coking coal. The data concerning coal are usually treated as independent values while this kind of approach is not always right. Authors proposed new solutions in this aspect and performed the multidimensional analysis of three selected types of coal featuring by various properties which originated from three various hard coal mines located in Upper Silesia Region. The object of the research was so-called raw coal which was not processed before. For each type of coal the detailed statistical analysis of seven chosen properties of coal was performed. To perform adequate and complete statistical analysis it is necessary to analyze the chosen properties of coal together in multidimensional way. It was decided to apply new and modern visualizing methods of multidimensional data which were observational tunnels method and parallel coordinates method. The applied methods allowed to obtain visualization of seven-dimensional data describing coal. By means of these visualizations it was possible to observe the significant division of the features space between researched types of coal. These methods allowed to look at the investigated data from various perspectives and make possible to determine significant differences between researched materials. For the investigated coals such differences were determined clearly what proved that by means of these methods it is possible to successfully identify type of coal as well to analyze in details its individual properties and identify, for example, particle size fraction etc. The obtained results are innovative and are the basis for more detailed researches taking into consideration also other coal properties, including its structure and texture. This methodology can be also applied successfully for other types of raw materials, like ores.
Cumulative ventilation air drying potential as an indication of dry mass content in wastewater sludge in a thin-layer solar drying facility
Authors: Krawczyk Piotr 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Controlling low-temperature drying facilities which utilise nonprepared air is quite difficult, due to very large variability of ventilation air parameters - both in daily and seasonal cycles. The paper defines the concept of cumulative drying potential of ventilation air and presents experimental evidence that there is a relation between this parameter and condition of the dried matter (sewage sludge). Knowledge on current dry mass content in the dried matter (sewage sludge) provides new possibilities for controlling such systems. Experimental data analysed in the paper was collected in early 2012 during operation of a test solar drying facility in a sewage treatment plant in Błonie near Warsaw, Poland.
Analysis of the use of adsorption processes in trigeneration systems
Authors: Grzebielec Andrzej , Rusowicz Artur 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The trigeneration systems for production of cold use sorption refrigeration machines: absorption and adsorption types. Absorption systems are characterized namely by better cooling coefficient of performance, while the adsorptive systems are characterized by the ability to operate at lower temperatures. The driving heat source temperature can be as low as 60-70 °C. Such temperature of the driving heat source allows to use them in district heating systems. The article focuses on the presentation of the research results on the adsorption devices designed to work in trigeneration systems.
Increase of power and efficiency of the 900 MW supercritical power plant through incorporation of the ORC
Authors: Ziółkowski Paweł , Mikielewicz Dariusz , Mikielewicz Jarosław 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The objective of the paper is to analyse thermodynamical and operational parameters of the supercritical power plant with reference conditions as well as following the introduction of the hybrid system incorporating ORC. In ORC the upper heat source is a stream of hot water from the system of heat recovery having temperature of 90 °C, which is additionally aided by heat from the bleeds of the steam turbine. Thermodynamical analysis of the supercritical plant with and without incorporation of ORC was accomplished using computational flow mechanics numerical codes. Investigated were six working fluids such as propane, isobutane, pentane, ethanol, R236ea and R245fa. In the course of calculations determined were primarily the increase of the unit power and efficiency for the reference case and that with the ORC.
Exergy analysis of operation of two-phase ejector in compression refrigeration systems
Authors: Dudar Adam , Butrymowicz Dariusz , Śmierciew Kamil , Karwacki Jarosław 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Paper deals with theoretical analysis of possible efficiency increase of compression refrigeration cycles by means of application of a twophase ejector. Application of the two phase ejector in subcritical refrigeration system as a booster compressor is discussed in the paper. Results of exergy analysis of the system operating with various working fluids for various operating conditions have been shown. Analysis showed possible exergy efficiency increase of refrigeration compression cycle.
Analysis of operation of the gas turbine in a poligeneration combined cycle
Authors: Bartela Łukasz , Kotowicz Janusz 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In the paper the results of analysis of an integrated gasification combined cycle IGCC polygeneration system, of which the task is to produce both electricity and synthesis gas, are shown. Assuming the structure of the system and the power rating of a combined cycle, the consumption of the synthesis gas for chemical production makes it necessary to supplement the lack of synthesis gas used for electricity production with the natural gas. As a result a change of the composition of the fuel gas supplied to the gas turbine occurs. In the paper the influence of the change of gas composition on the gas turbine characteristics is shown. In the calculations of the gas turbine the own computational algorithm was used. During the study the influence of the change of composition of gaseous fuel on the characteristic quantities was examined. The calculations were realized for different cases of cooling of the gas turbine expander’s blades (constant cooling air mass flow, constant cooling air index, constant temperature of blade material). Subsequently, the influence of the degree of integration of the gas turbine with the air separation unit on the main characteristics was analyzed.
The effects of operating conditions on the performance of a direct carbon fuel cell
Authors: Kacprzak Andrzej , Kobyłecki Rafał , Bis Zbigniew 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The influences of various operating conditions including cathode inlet air flow rate, electrolyte temperature and fuel particles size on the performance of the direct carbon fuel cell DCFC were presented and discussed in this paper. The experimental results indicated that the cell performance was enhanced with increases of the cathode inlet gas flow rate and cell temperature. Binary alkali hydroxide mixture (NaOH-LiOH, 90-10 mol%) was used as electrolyte and the biochar of apple tree origin carbonized at 873 K was used as fuel. Low melting temperature of the electrolyte and its good ionic conductivity enabled to operate the DCFC at medium temperatures of 723-773 K. The highest current density (601 A m−2) was obtained for temperature 773 K and air flow rate 8.3×106 m3s−1. Itwas shown that too low or too high air flow rates negatively affect the cell performance. The results also indicated that the operation of the DCFC could be improved by proper selection of the fuel particle size.
Optimizing management of the condensing heat and cooling of gases compression in oxy block using of a genetic algorithm
Authors: Brzęczek Mateusz , Bartela Łukasz 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
This paper presents the parameters of the reference oxy combustion block operating with supercritical steam parameters, equipped with an air separation unit and a carbon dioxide capture and compression installation. The possibility to recover the heat in the analyzed power plant is discussed. The decision variables and the thermodynamic functions for the optimization algorithm were identified. The principles of operation of genetic algorithm and methodology of conducted calculations are presented. The sensitivity analysis was performed for the best solutions to determine the effects of the selected variables on the power and efficiency of the unit. Optimization of the heat recovery from the air separation unit, flue gas condition and CO2 capture and compression installation using genetic algorithm was designed to replace the low-pressure section of the regenerative water heaters of steam cycle in analyzed unit. The result was to increase the power and efficiency of the entire power plant.
Identification of unmeasured variables in the set of model constraints of the data reconciliation in a power unit
Authors: Szega Marcin , Nowak Grzegorz Tadeusz 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In generalized method of data reconciliation as equations of conditions beside substance and energy balances can be used equations which don’t have precisely the status of conservation lows. Empirical coefficients in these equations are traded as unknowns’ values. To this kind of equations, in application of the generalized method of data reconciliation in supercritical power unit, can be classified: steam flow capacity of a turbine for a group of stages, adiabatic internal efficiency of group of stages, equations for pressure drop in pipelines and equations for heat transfer in regeneration heat exchangers. Mathematical model of a power unit was developed in the code Thermoflex. Using this model the off-design calculation has been made in several points of loads for the power unit. Using these calculations identification of unknown values and empirical coefficients for generalized method of data reconciliation used in power unit has been made. Additional equations of conditions will be used in the generalized method of data reconciliation which will be used in optimization of measurement placement in redundant measurement system in power unit for new control systems
Experimental investigations of additional gas extraction inside a cyclone
Authors: Kępa Arkadiusz 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The paper presents the results of investigations on a cyclone with additional gas extraction. The experiments were performed in the cyclone with a diameter of 0.2 m equipped with a truncated counter-cone situated in the dust bin inlet. The gas stream flowing through the countercone was 10 and 20% of the gas supplied to the cyclone. The separation efficiencies and pressure loss were measured. The experiment showed that the extraction of gas by the counter-cone deteriorated the cyclone efficiency and forcing the outflow of gas through the counter-cone requires the use of an additional outlet fan.
A model of hydrogen passive autocatalytic recombiner and its validation via CFD simulations
Authors: Orszulik Magdalena , Fic Adam , Bury Tomasz , Składzień Jan 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Passive autocatalytic recombiners (PAR) is the only used method for hydrogen removal from the containment buildings in modern nuclear reactors. Numerical models of such devices, based on the CFD approach, are the subject of this paper. The models may be coupled with two types of computer codes: the lumped parameter codes, and the computational fluid dynamics codes. This work deals with 2D numerical model of PAR and its validation. Gaseous hydrogen may be generated in water nuclear reactor systems in a course of a severe accident with core overheating. Therefore, a risk of its uncontrolled combustion appears which may be destructive to the containment structure.
Cutting Properties of Olive Sucker
Authors: Sessiz Abdullah , Elicin Ahmet Konuralp , Esgici Resat , Ozdemir Gultekin , Nozdrovický Ladislav 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The exact knowledge of olive suckers and branches cutting behaviour is one of the main parameters for optimizing the design of cutting elements in pruning machines. In this study, the cutting properties of five different varieties of the table olive, namely Halhali, Gullaki, Mavis, Belloti and Zoncuk respectively, were determined. The cutting properties were measured at three moisture content levels (17.05, 34.44, and 39.47 %) and four cross-sectional areas (12.56, 28.27, 50.26 and 78.54 mm2). The results showed that the cutting force and cutting energy requirement of olive suckers decreased with increasing moisture content in all of the olive varieties. However, these properties increased with increasing cross-sectional area. The maximum cutting force, cutting strength, cutting energy requirement and specific cutting energy of olive sucker were obtained at the Halhali variety as 869.15 N, 18.66 MPa, 4.29 J and 0.0875 J.mm-2, respectively, while the minimum cutting values were obtained at the Zoncuk variety as 619.19 N, 14.75 MPa, 2.44 J and 0.0531 J.mm-2, respectively. As a result, the data obtained from cutting tests of the olive sucker can be used in a new design and development of an experimental prototype of olive branch cutting and pruning machine.
Sambucus nigra (L.) liophylised extract as source of direct compression tablets obtaining
Authors: Roncea Florentina , Cazacincu Radu , Miresan Horatiu , Rosca Adrian Cosmin , Bratu Mihaela , Popescu Antoanela 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe aim of this paper is the valorization of a 10 % anthocyanins elderberries lyophilized extract standardized as cyanidin-3-glucoside in lozenges obtained by direct compression and quality lozenges evaluation according to Romanian and European pharmacopoeia tests. The resulting lozenges with a 600 mg concentration of a 10 % anthocyanins elderberries lyophilized extract standardized as cyanidin-3-glucoside were evaluated using the following tests: appearance and mass uniformity (20 lozenges) disintegration time (6 lozenges), hardness (10 lozenges), anthocyanins assay expressed as cyanidin-3-glucoside using a spectrometric method at pH differential values. The results are expressed as means± standard deviation. The tablets for the two formulas have the same appearance (flat, round, colored in purple - red, non gritty), the dimensional characteristics (height, thickness) are different, average mass complies the pharmacopoeia standards. The lozenges from formula 2 have a higher resistance (215.7 N) and a lower disintegration time (11 min.) according to the official recommended values, due to differences from carbopol polymers differences in properties at the same concentration used in the two formulas. Using the direct compressible products described in this study, the direct compression technique can be easily applied for the manufacture of lozenges, thus ensuring their stability by avoiding heat and humidity factors during the manufacturing process. The resulting lozenges from formula 1 respect the quality specifications provided by the Romanian Pharmacopoeia Xth edition, the European Pharmacopoeia. The lozenges presented a high mechanical resistance (110 N) and a good disintegration time (15 min.)
Changes in botanical diversity of sown grasslands due to naturalization and extensive management
Authors: Sendžikaitė Jūratė , Pakalnis Romas , Gudžinskas Zigmantas 
Published: January 2014

Abstract Sendžikaitė J., Pakalnis R., Gudžinskas Z., 2013: Changes in botanical diversity of sown grasslands due to naturalization and extensive management [Sėtų pievų botaninės įvairovės kaitos dėl žolynų natūralėjimo ir ekstensyvaus naudojimo]. - Bot. Lith., 19(2): 99-110 The paper deals with sown grassland naturalization models related to changes in botanical diversity of extensively managed meadows under temperate climate conditions. The vegetation surveys were carried out in Sėliškės and Polyma Experimental Field Stations (Lithuania). Based on our research data and literature sources (on the investigation of Lithuanian natural meadows), we developed the following hypothetical models of sown grassland naturalization: vascular plant species constancy alteration chronocline, vascular plant species constancy and productivity alteration topocline and a scheme of sown grassland naturalization on hilly landscape. Here we consider extensive management and naturalization as one of most natural and requiring minor investments method for grassland restoration.
Space botany in Lithuania. I. Root gravisensing system formation during satellite “Bion-10” flight
Authors: Švegždienė Danguolė , Raklevičienė Danguolė , Koryznienė Dalia 
Published: January 2014

Abstract Švegždienė D., Raklevičienė D., Koryzienė D., 2013: Space botany in Lithuania. I. Root gravisensing system formation during satellite “Bion-10” flight [Kosminė botanika Lietuvoje. I. Gravitaciją juntančių šaknų ląstelių formavimasis palydovo „Bion-10“ skrydžio metu]. - Bot. Lith., 19(2): 129-138. The paper deals with the results of space experiment, which was carried out on an original automatically operating centrifuge „Neris-5“ on board of the satellite „Bion-10“ in 1993. The peculiarities of gravisensing system formation in roots of garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) seedlings grown in microgravity under simulated and natural gravity of 1g in space and on the ground, respectively, are presented. Quantitative study on the growth of root columella cells (statocytes), the state of their intracellular components, and the location of amyloplasts was performed by light and electron microscopy. The growth of statocytes in microgravity and under 1g in space did not differ significantly though the location of amyloplasts experienced significant changes: it depended on the gravity and cell position in columella. Instead of the concentration of amyloplasts at the distal cell region of roots grown under 1g, most plastids in microgravity-grown roots were accumulated at the centre of statocytes. The obtained data on the formation and state of intercellular plastids confirm the supposition that the environment of microgravity alters the metabolism of plant cells; however, its alterations are not fateful for the formation of gravisensing cells and for the growth of the whole root.