bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ZnII‐Cyclen as a Supramolecular Probe for Tagging Thymidine Nucleosides on Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Micoli Alessandra , Soriano M. Laura , Traboulsi Hassan , Quintana Mildred , Prato Maurizio 
Published: April 2013

AbstractOne of the big challenges in the organic chemistry of functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is the characterization of their structure together with their physicochemical properties. In this work, we report the utilization of an acridine‐derived ZnII‐cyclen complex as a multidentate ligand for recognizing thymidine‐derived multiwalled carbon nanotube derivatives (Td‐MWCNTs). The effectiveness of the ZnII‐cyclen recognition has been confirmed through a combination of analytical techniques such as the Kaiser test, TGA‐MS, IR, X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy, TEM, UV/Vis absorption, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Taken together, the different characterization techniques have unambiguously shown the 1:1 recognition of the nucleoside by a ZnII‐cyclen complex, allowing an accurate estimation of the Td moieties present on the CNTs surface.
A Short, Gram‐Scale Synthesis of 2,5‐Disubstituted Furans
Authors: Chang Stanley , Desai Saheena , Leznoff Daniel B. , Merbouh Nabyl , Britton Robert 
Published: April 2013

AbstractA modified Feist–Bénary furan synthesis has been developed that involves a lithium aldol reaction between a methyl ketone and an α‐chloroaldehyde followed by a thermally induced tetrahydrofuran formation/dehydration sequence and affords 2,5‐disubstituted furans in good overall yield. This process is demonstrated on multigram scale and is amenable to the production of symmetric or asymmetric furans that incorporate a range of substituents (e.g., aryl, tert‐butyl, ferrocenyl).
Field‐aligned current reconfiguration and magnetospheric response to an impulse in the interplanetary magnetic field BY component
Authors: Wilder F. D. , Eriksson S. , Korth H. , Baker J. B. H. , Hairston M. R. , Heinselman C. , Anderson B. J. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWhen the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is dawnward or duskward, magnetic merging between the IMF and the geomagnetic field occurs near the cusp on the dayside flanks of the magnetosphere. During these intervals, flow channels in the ionosphere with velocities in excess of 2 km/s have been observed, which can deposit large amounts of energy into the high‐latitude thermosphere. In this study, we analyze an interval on 5 April 2010 where there was a strong dawnward impulse in the IMF, followed by a gradual decay in IMF magnitude at constant clock angle. Data from the Sondrestrom incoherent scatter radar and the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program spacecraft were used to investigate ionospheric convection during this interval, and data from the Active Magnetospheric and Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment (AMPERE) were used to investigate the associated Field‐Aligned Current (FAC) system. Additionally, data from AMPERE were used to investigate the time response of the dawnside FAC pair. We find there is a delay of approximately 1.25 h between the arrival of the dawnward IMF impulse at the magnetopause and strength of the dawnward FAC pair, which is comparable to substorm growth and expansion time scales under southward IMF. Additionally, we find at the time of the peak FAC, there is evidence of a reconfiguring four‐sheet FAC system in the morning local time sector of the ionosphere. Additionally, we find an inverse correlation between the dawn FAC strength and both the solar wind Alfvénic Mach number and the SYM‐H index. No statistically significant correlation between the FAC strength and the solar wind dynamic pressure was found.
HIGHLIGHTING DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CONDITIONAL AND UNCONDITIONAL QUANTILE REGRESSION APPROACHES THROUGH AN APPLICATION TO ASSESS MEDICATION ADHERENCE
Authors: Borah Bijan J. , Basu Anirban 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTThe quantile regression (QR) framework provides a pragmatic approach in understanding the differential impacts of covariates along the distribution of an outcome. However, the QR framework that has pervaded the applied economics literature is based on the conditional quantile regression method. It is used to assess the impact of a covariate on a quantile of the outcome conditional on specific values of other covariates. In most cases, conditional quantile regression may generate results that are often not generalizable or interpretable in a policy or population context. In contrast, the unconditional quantile regression method provides more interpretable results as it marginalizes the effect over the distributions of other covariates in the model. In this paper, the differences between these two regression frameworks are highlighted, both conceptually and econometrically. Additionally, using real‐world claims data from a large US health insurer, alternative QR frameworks are implemented to assess the differential impacts of covariates along the distribution of medication adherence among elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Positioning matrix of economic efficiency and complexity: a case study in a university hospital
Authors: Ippolito Adelaide , Viggiani Vincenzo 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTAt the end of 2010, the Federico II University Hospital in Naples, Italy, initiated a series of discussions aimed at designing and applying a positioning matrix to its departments. This analysis was developed to create a tool able to extract meaningful information both to increase knowledge about individual departments and to inform the choices of general management during strategic planning. The name given to this tool was the positioning matrix of economic efficiency and complexity. In the matrix, the x‐axis measures the ratio between revenues and costs, whereas the y‐axis measures the index of complexity, thus showing “profitability” while bearing in mind the complexity of activities. By using the positioning matrix, it was possible to conduct a critical analysis of the characteristics of the Federico II University Hospital and to extract useful information for general management to use during strategic planning at the end of 2010 when defining medium‐term objectives. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cytotoxic, genotoxic and the hemolytic effect of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on human erythrocyte and lymphocyte cells in vitro
Authors: Ghosh Manosij , Chakraborty Anirban , Mukherjee Anita 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTWith the increasing clinical use of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, a better understanding of their safety in the blood stream is required. The present study evaluates the toxic effect of commercially available TiO2 nanoparticles (~100 nm) using a battery of cytotoxic, genotoxic, hemolytic and morphological parameters. The cytotoxic effects of TiO2 nanoparticles in human lymphocyte cells were studied with respect to membrane damage, mitochondrial function, metabolic activity and lysosomal membrane stability. Genotoxicity in lymphocyte cells was quantitated using a comet assay. The mode of cell death (apoptosis/necrosis) was evaluated using PI/Annexin V staining. TiO2 nanoparticles were also evaluated for their hemolytic properties, osmotic fragility and interaction with hemoglobin. Human erythrocyte cells were studied for morphological alterations using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Results suggest that the particles could induce a significant reduction in mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity in human lymphocyte cells. Membrane integrity remained unaffected by nanoparticle treatment. DNA damage and apoptosis were induced by TiO2 nanoparticles in a dose‐dependent manner. A study on human erythrocyte cells revealed a hemolytic property of TiO2 nanoparticles characterized by spherocytosis and echinocytosis. Spectral analysis revealed a hemoglobin TiO2 nanoparticle interaction. Our in vitro study results suggest that commercially available blood contacting nanoparticles (TiO2 nanoparticle) should be carefully evaluated for their toxic potential. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Feasibility of correlation mapping optical coherence tomography (cmOCT) for anti‐spoof sub‐surface fingerprinting
Authors: Zam Azhar , Dsouza Roshan , Subhash Hrebesh M. , O'Connell Marie‐Louise , Enfield Joey , Larin Kirill , Leahy Martin J. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWe propose the use of correlation mapping optical coherence tomography (cmOCT) to deliver additional biometrics associated with the finger that could complement existing fingerprint technology for law enforcement applications. The current study extends the existing fingerprint paradigm by measuring additional biometrics associated with sub‐surface finger tissue such as sub‐surface fingerprints, sweat glands, and the pattern of the capillary bed to yield a user‐friendly cost effective and anti‐spoof multi‐mode biometric solution associated with the finger. To our knowledge no other method has been able to capture sub‐surface fingerprint, papillary pattern and horizontal vessel pattern in a single scan or to show the correspondence between these patterns in live adult human fingertip. Unlike many current technologies this approach incorporates ‘liveness’ testing by default. The ultimate output is a biometric module which is difficult to defeat and complements fingerprint scanners that currently are used in border control and law enforcement applications. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Linear and nonlinear statistical analysis of the impact of sub‐tropical ridge intensity and position on south‐east Australian rainfall
Authors: Whan Kirien , Timbal Bertrand , Lindesay Janette 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe intensity and position of the sub‐tropical ridge (STR) have strong relationships with rainfall variability in southern Australia. The combined effect of intensity and position in March‐April‐May (MAM) and June‐July‐August (JJA) is the focus of this research. Linear statistics were used first: area‐averaged and Australia‐wide spatial correlations of STR intensity and position with precipitation in south‐west eastern Australia reveal that STR intensity has a much stronger and more widespread relationship with precipitation in both seasons. Over time, these relationships vary in magnitude and spatial extent with the sign of the correlation changing between two 50‐year epochs. These nonlinearities were investigated further using classification trees. Area‐averaged precipitation data (terciles) for south‐west eastern Australia was classified on the basis of STR intensity and position. In both seasons the classification trees identify STR intensity as the primary partition defining the dry group, supporting the linear analysis. In the transition season of MAM, the time of year when the mean position of the STR is more southerly, STR position is important in distinguishing between a ‘winter‐like’ and a ‘summer‐like’ wet groups, providing STR intensity is low. Vector wind analyses were computed to explain the composite seasonal precipitation anomaly results in terms of different circulation patterns associated with these two wet groups. The frequency of wet and dry cases in each group was examined with changes evident over the recent years. The research confirms that STR intensity is more important than STR position in explaining inter‐annual rainfall variability across southern Australia but also demonstrates the additional role of STR position in MAM. These results explain the low correlation between rainfall and STR position and why this relationship has evolved during the 20th century as the mean location of the STR has shifted south in MAM.
Oxidation of Reduced Sulfur Species: Carbonyl Sulfide
Authors: Glarborg Peter , Marshall Paul 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTA detailed chemical kinetic model for oxidation of carbonyl sulfide (OCS) has been developed, based on a critical evaluation of data from the literature. The mechanism has been validated against experimental results from batch reactors, flow reactors, and shock tubes. The model predicts satisfactorily oxidation of OCS over a wide range of stoichiometric air–fuel ratios (0.5 ), temperatures (450–1700 K), and pressures (0.02–3.0 atm) under dry conditions. The governing reaction mechanisms are outlined based on calculations with the kinetic model. The oxidation rate of OCS is controlled by the competition between chain‐branching and ‐propagating steps; modeling predictions are particularly sensitive to the branching fraction for the OCS + O reaction to form CO + SO or CO2 + S.
Effect of bluetooth headset and mobile phone electromagnetic fields on the human auditory nerve
Authors: Mandalà Marco , Colletti Vittorio , Sacchetto Luca , Manganotti Paolo , Ramat Stefano , Marcocci Alessandro , Colletti Liliana 
Published: April 2013

Objectives/HypothesisThe possibility that long‐term mobile phone use increases the incidence of astrocytoma, glioma and acoustic neuroma has been investigated in several studies. Recently, our group showed that direct exposure (in a surgical setting) to cell phone electromagnetic fields (EMFs) induces deterioration of auditory evoked cochlear nerve compound action potential (CNAP) in humans. To verify whether the use of Bluetooth devices reduces these effects, we conducted the present study with the same experimental protocol.Study DesignRandomized trial.MethodsTwelve patients underwent retrosigmoid vestibular neurectomy to treat definite unilateral Ménière's disease while being monitored with acoustically evoked CNAPs to assess direct mobile phone exposure or alternatively the EMF effects of Bluetooth headsets.ResultsWe found no short‐term effects of Bluetooth EMFs on the auditory nervous structures, whereas direct mobile phone EMF exposure confirmed a significant decrease in CNAPs amplitude and an increase in latency in all subjects.ConclusionsThe outcomes of the present study show that, contrary to the finding that the latency and amplitude of CNAPs are very sensitive to EMFs produced by the tested mobile phone, the EMFs produced by a common Bluetooth device do not induce any significant change in cochlear nerve activity. The conditions of exposure, therefore, differ from those of everyday life, in which various biological tissues may reduce the EMF affecting the cochlear nerve. Nevertheless, these novel findings may have important safety implications.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 124:255–259, 2014
IMOUTA: A proposal for patient care handoffs
Authors: Connor Matthew P. , Bush Anneke C. , Brennan Joseph 
Published: April 2013

Objectives/HypothesisAn increased frequency of patient handoffs has occurred as a result of the new resident work‐hour restrictions that have recently been instituted. Inadequate handoff of patient care has been associated with adverse patient events due to residents being unprepared for events that happen during cross cover periods. The objective of our study was to develop and test the effectiveness of a patient handoff method in an otolaryngology residency program.Study DesignSingle‐blinded controlled clinical trial.MethodsA standardized, anonymous questionnaire was developed that scored on‐call residents' understanding of their patients' diagnoses, hospital courses, active concerns, and treatment plans. For the first 45 days, residents used their traditional handoff. This handoff was prepared by the residents, relaying relevant patient information without any structured format. For the next 45 days, the residents followed the acronym of IMOUTA for handoffs. This mnemonic was developed to help residents identify data (I), medical course (M), outcomes possible tonight (OU), responsibilities to do tonight (T), and opportunity to ask questions and give morning feedback in the AM (A). The questionnaires were then compared at the end of the study.ResultsThe residents who used the IMOUTA acronym scored significantly higher on their perceived knowledge of patients diagnoses (P = 0.001), hospital courses (P <0.001), active concerns (P <0.001), and treatment plans (P <0.001).ConclusionResidents felt significantly better prepared for call duties when using the IMOUTA acronym. This standardized system of patient handoff may also be valuable to other residency programs.Level of EvidenceN/A. Laryngoscope, 123:2649–2653, 2013
An isogeometric solid‐like shell element for nonlinear analysis
Authors: Hosseini Saman , Remmers Joris J. C. , Verhoosel Clemens V. , de Borst René 
Published: April 2013

SUMMARYAn isogeometric solid‐like shell formulation is proposed in which B‐spline basis functions are used to construct the mid‐surface of the shell. In combination with a linear Lagrange shape function in the thickness direction, this yields a complete three‐dimensional representation of the shell. The proposed shell element is implemented in a standard finite element code using Bézier extraction. The formulation is verified using different benchmark tests. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Myocardial infarction and individual nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs meta‐analysis of observational studies
Authors: Varas‐Lorenzo Cristina , Riera‐Guardia Nuria , Calingaert Brian , Castellsague Jordi , Salvo Francesco , Nicotra Federica , Sturkenboom Miriam , Perez‐Gutthann Susana 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review of observational studies on the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with use of individual nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).MethodsA search of Medline (PubMed) for observational studies published from 1990 to 2011 identified 3829 articles; 31 reported relative risk (RR) of AMI with use of individual NSAIDs versus nonuse of NSAIDs. Information abstracted in a standardized form from 25 publications was used for the meta‐analysis on 18 independent study populations.ResultsRandom‐effects RR (95% confidence interval (CI)) was lowest for naproxen 1.06 (0.94–1.20), followed by celecoxib 1.12 (1.00–1.24), ibuprofen 1.14 (0.98–1.31), meloxicam 1.25 (1.04–1.49), rofecoxib 1.34 (1.22–1.48), diclofenac 1.38 (1.26–1.52), indometacin 1.40 (1.21–1.62), etodolac 1.55 (1.16–2.06), and etoricoxib 1.97 (1.35–2.89). Heterogeneity between studies was present. For new users, RRs (95% CIs) were for naproxen, 0.85 (0.73–1.00); ibuprofen, 1.20 (0.97–1.48); celecoxib, 1.23 (1.00–1.52); diclofenac, 1.41 (1.08–1.86); and rofecoxib, 1.43 (1.21–1.66).Except for naproxen, higher risk was generally associated with higher doses, as defined in each study, overall and in patients with prior coronary heart disease. Low and high doses of diclofenac and rofecoxib were associated with high risk of AMI, with dose–response relationship for rofecoxib. In patients with prior coronary heart disease, except for naproxen, duration of use ≤3 months was associated with an increased risk of AMI.ConclusionsMost frequently NSAIDs used in clinical practice, except naproxen, are associated with an increased risk of AMI at high doses or in persons with diagnosed coronary heart disease. For diclofenac and rofecoxib, the risk was increased at low and high doses. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimization‐based load reduction during rapid shutdown of multi‐megawatt wind turbine generators
Authors: Gros Sébastien , Chachuat Benoît 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper describes an optimization‐based approach to reducing extreme structural loads during rapid or emergency shutdown of multi‐megawatt wind turbine generators. The load reduction problem is cast into an optimal control formulation, and a simple, low‐order model is developed in order for this optimization problem to be tractable in reasonable time using state‐of‐the‐art numerical methods. To handle the variations in wind speed and turbulence inherent to wind turbine operation as well as the presence of model mismatch, a real‐time optimization strategy based on fast sensitivity updates is also considered, whose online computational burden is limited to the repeated solution of quadratic programs that are designed offline. The low‐order model and both the open‐loop and closed‐loop optimal control strategies are validated against a high‐fidelity model in the simulation environment Bladed™  for an industrial 3 MW wind turbine. Under favorable shutdown scenarios, i.e. when the wind turbine is operating properly and the actuators and sensors are not faulty, large reductions of the first compressive peak and subsequent compressive/tensile peaks of the tower load pattern are obtained at various above‐rated wind speeds compared with normal pitch control shutdown. Extension to more challenging shutdown scenarios are also discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Meningococcemia: The Pediatric Orthopedic Sequelae
Authors: Wick Jane M. , Krajbich Ivan , Kelly Shannon , DeWees Todd 
Published: April 2013

AbstractMeningococcal disease affects as many as 3,000 people in the United States per year, with the highest incidence in children younger than two years of age and two‐thirds of cases occurring in children younger than five years of age. Children who survive meningococcemia face quality‐of‐life issues that result from limb deficiencies. Consultation with an experienced pediatric orthopedic surgeon in the early stages of the illness is vital for planning surgical approaches for amputation of the resulting necrotic tissue and for minimizing eventual tissue loss. Early surgical intervention is rarely indicated in cases of extremity gangrene unless a secondary infection is present. Allowing time for tissue demarcation and recovery can be essential for limb length preservation. Maintaining functional joints is important for long‐term quality of life and activities of daily living.
Möglichkeiten und Herausforderungen bei der Erhebung von körperlicher Aktivität in der Epidemiologie
Authors: Kohler Simone , Leitzmann Michael 
Published: April 2013

Einleitung
Zur Erhebung der körperlichen Aktivität in epidemiologischen Studien existieren unterschiedliche Methoden, wobei eine präzise Erfassung in größeren Studienpopulationen eine Herausforderung darstellt. Mithilfe moderner Technologien wie der Pedometrie oder Akzelerometrie ist die Anwendung objektiver Verfahren möglich. Alternativ oder in Kombination bieten sich Aktivitätsfragebögen und Aktivitätsprotokolle an. Letztere stellen in webbasierter Form ein erfolgsversprechendes Zukunftspotenzial dar.
A REPLY TO JOHAN FRANZÉN
Authors: Ismael Tareq 
Published: April 2013

Thank you for the opportunity to comment on the author's reply to my review of Red Star over Iraq. In scholarship, the devil is in the details, and so, as Johan Franzén suggests, when evaluating a scholarly endeavor, I do indeed consider “it worthwhile to devote . . . [my] whole review to details.” If the facts are inaccurate, it follows that the conclusions are flawed. Beyond this, my only other comment is that I find the tone and tenor of Franzén's reply to be cast in personal terms and as such unprofessional.