bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Valorisation du verre à bouteille comme addition fine dans les bétons autoplaçants
Authors: Behim Mourad , Ali Boucetta Tahar 
Published: June 2015

In the region of Annaba (Algeria), the colored glass bottles are not sorted or recycled. It should be noted that in some countries like Canada, the recycling of colored glass bottles is not currently viable; the storage would be cheaper [Oxford Brookes University, 2004]. But, the valorization of glass bottles in the concrete could constitute an interesting ecological and economical alternative, allowing the removal of bulky waste and pollutants and their qualification as a new source of building materials. Technically, glass bottles contain significant amounts of alkalis that can cause detrimental effects to concrete in relation to alkali-silica or alkali-aggregate reaction if the glass is used in coarse form. In the other hand, many authors [Chen et al, 2006] agree that the glass causes a beneficial behaviour associated with the pozzolanic reaction when used in powder form. Indeed, our work is a contribution to the valorization of powder glass bottles for substituting the limestone filler traditionally used as an addition in self compacting concrete (SCC). The results obtained show a beneficial behaviour of glass powder on the characteristics, of fresh and hardened self-compacting concrete to a dosage of 30 to 60% compared to the mass of cement.
Dans la région d’Annaba (Algérie), les bouteilles en verre coloré ne sont ni triées ni recyclées. Il faut signaler aussi que dans certains pays comme le Canada, le recyclage des bouteilles en verre coloré n’est pas viable actuellement, son entreposage coûterait moins cher [Oxford Brookes University, 2004]. Cependant, la valorisation du verre à bouteille dans le béton pourrait constituer une alternative écologique et économique intéressante, permettant l’élimination de décharges encombrantes et polluantes et sa qualification comme une nouvelle source de matériaux de construction. Sur le plan technique, les verres à bouteille contiennent des quantités importantes d’alcalin pouvant entraîner des effets préjudiciables sur le béton en relation avec les réactions alcali-silice ou alcali-granulat si le verre est utilisé sous forme granulaire. Par contre, de nombreux auteurs [Chen et al, 2006] conviennent que le verre entraîne un comportement bénéfique associé à la réaction pouzzolanique s’il est utilisé sous forme de poudre. En effet notre travail est une contribution à la valorisation du verre à bouteille sous forme de poudre en remplacement du filler calcaire traditionnellement utilisé comme addition dans les bétons autoplaçants (BAP). Les résultats obtenus montrent un comportement bénéfique de la poudre de verre sur les caractéristiques des bétons autoplaçants aussi bien à l’état frais qu’à l’état durci pour un dosage allant de 30 à 60 % par rapport à la masse du ciment.
Bedreigende rap en de kunstexceptie
Authors: Bakker Sven , van de Wetering Veerle 
Published: June 2015

Threatening rap and the ‘exceptio artis’
In several Dutch criminal cases rap artists have invoked the ‘exceptio artis’ as a ground for justification in court. In this article Bakker and Van de Wetering research the possibilities of successful appeals in such cases. Both the meaning and scope of the ‘exceptio artis’ are taken into consideration, consulting the literature and ECtHR case law on article 10 ECHR. Furthermore the contribution also deals with Dutch case law on the ‘exceptio artis’ and rap lyrics that were held punishable so as to clarify the seldom discussed relationship between rap and the ‘exceptio artis’.
Het werk van de familierechercheur: een bron van stress of een bron van persoonlijke groei?
Authors: Saan Marieke , Bollen Lidewij , Kunst Maarten 
Published: June 2015

Working as a family liaison officer: a source of stress or a source of personal growth?
Dutch family liaison officers inform and support trauma victims or their relatives. Recent studies suggest that professionals working with trauma victims may develop work-related stress. However, other studies have shown that professionals can also develop personal growth from their experiences with traumatized persons. This study was the first to investigate to what extent Dutch family liaison officers experience work-related stress or personal growth. Results suggest that the majority of the respondents experience no or very low levels of work-related stress. Levels of personal growth appear to be rather low as well, but seem to be more broadly dispersed. These findings suggest that Dutch family liaison officers are able to cope with the potentially negative effects of their work and even experience positive outcomes from working with traumatized persons. In spite of this, many participants provided suggestions for further improvement of their work practices.
De regelgevende bevoegdheid van zelfstandige bestuursorganen, mede in het licht van het EU-recht
Authors: Broeksteeg J.L.W. 
Published: June 2015

De regelgevende bevoegdheid van zelfstandige bestuursorganen, mede in het licht van het EU-recht
Dit artikel onderzoekt de democratische en rechtsstatelijke inbedding van zbo’s, in het bijzonder ten aanzien van hun regelgevende bevoegdheden en in het licht van de Europese regelgeving over zbo’s. Artikel 124c Ar bepaalt dat regelgevende bevoegdheden uitsluitend aan zbo’s worden toegekend voor zover het organisatorische of technische onderwerpen betreft, of indien voorzien is in goedkeuring door de minister. De praktijk is weerbarstiger: een aanzienlijk gedeelte van de zbo’s beschikt over regelgevende bevoegdheden die verder lijken te gaan dan hetgeen artikel 124c Ar bepaalt. Daar komt bij dat zbo’s onder grote EU-invloed staan en langs die weg regelgevende bevoegdheid krijgen toegekend. Zij moeten, op grond van Europese regelgeving, bovendien onafhankelijk zijn van nationale autoriteiten. Het gevolg is een concentratie van bevoegdheden bij deze zbo’s, buiten het bereik van (nationale) parlementaire controle. Deze zbo’s ‘zweven’ tussen het Europese en het nationale bestuur. Beter zou het zijn de fundamentele keuze te maken om de staatsrechtelijke inbedding, de inrichting en de bevoegdheidstoedeling meer over te laten aan de lidstaten, dan wel om deze zbo’s in te richten als (nationale dependances van) Europese agencies. Dan kunnen de zbo’s beter worden ingebed in democratische en rechtsstatelijke structuren.
Sea surface and subsurface circulation dynamics off equatorial Peru during the last ~17 kyr
Authors: Nürnberg Dirk , Böschen Tebke , Doering Kristin , Mollier‐Vogel Elfi , Raddatz Jacek , Schneider Ralph 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe complex deglacial to Holocene oceanographic development in the Gulf of Guayaquil (Eastern Equatorial Pacific) is reconstructed for sea surface and subsurface ocean levels from (isotope) geochemical proxies based on marine sediment cores. At sea surface, southern sourced Cold Coastal Water and tropical Equatorial Surface Water/Tropical Surface Water are intimately related. In particular since ~10 ka, independent sea surface temperature proxies capturing different seasons emphasize the growing seasonal contrast in the Gulf of Guayaquil, which is in contrast to ocean areas further offshore. Cold Coastal Water became rapidly present in the Gulf of Guayaquil during the austral winter season in line with the strengthening of the Southeast Trades, while coastal upwelling off Peru gradually intensified and expanded northward in response to a seasonally changing atmospheric circulation pattern affecting the core locations intensively since 4 ka BP. Equatorial Surface Water, instead, was displaced and Tropical Surface Water moved northward together with the Equatorial Front. At subsurface, the presence of Equatorial Under Current‐sourced Equatorial Subsurface Water was continuously growing, prominently since ~10–8 ka B.P. During Heinrich Stadial 1 and large parts of the Bølling/Allerød, and similarly during short Holocene time intervals at ~5.1–4 ka B.P. and ~1.5–0.5 ka B.P., the admixture of Equatorial Subsurface Water was reduced in response to both short‐term weakening of Equatorial Under Current strength from the northwest and emplacement by tropical Equatorial Surface Water, considerably warming the uppermost ocean layers.
Electromagnetic interaction with uniaxial metamaterials
Authors: Tedeschi N. , Frezza F. , Sihvola A. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn this paper, the reflection behavior of a particular class of metamaterials, strongly connected with the realization of the DB boundary conditions (so called due to the vanishing of the normal components of the D and B fluxes) and the soft and hard (SH) boundary conditions, is presented. The metamaterial under study is modeled as an anisotropic, uniaxial, material with both permittivity and permeability dyadics. We consider several characteristics of such medium: presenting the critical angle of total transmission for the SH/DB material, analyzing its behavior as a function of the longitudinal permittivity and permeability, for both positive and negative values, and presenting its applications to the electromagnetic absorbers and to the polarization inverters.
Assessing the relative influence of surface soil moisture and ENSO SST on precipitation predictability over the contiguous United States
Authors: Yoon Jin‐Ho , Leung L. Ruby 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis study assesses the relative influence of soil moisture memory and tropical sea surface temperature (SST) in seasonal rainfall over the contiguous United States. Using observed precipitation, the NINO3.4 index, and soil moisture and evapotranspiration simulated by a land surface model for 61 years, analysis was performed using partial correlations to evaluate to what extent land surface and SST anomaly of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can affect seasonal precipitation over different regions and seasons. Results show that antecedent soil moisture is as important as concurrent ENSO condition in controlling rainfall anomalies over the U.S., but they generally dominate in different seasons with SST providing more predictability during winter while soil moisture, through its linkages to evapotranspiration and snow water, has larger influence in spring and early summer. The proposed methodology is applicable to climate model outputs to evaluate the intensity of land‐atmosphere coupling and its relative importance.
Direct atmospheric evidence for the irreversible formation of aqueous secondary organic aerosol
Authors: El‐Sayed Marwa M. H. , Wang Yingqing , Hennigan Christopher J. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe reversible nature of aqueous secondary organic aerosol (aqSOA) formation was characterized for the first time through direct atmospheric measurements. Water‐soluble organic carbon in the gas and particle phases (WSOCg and WSOCp) was measured simultaneously to quantify aqSOA formation in Baltimore, Maryland. During the nighttime, aqSOA formation was evident as WSOCg increasingly partitioned to the particle phase with increasing relative humidity (RH). To characterize the reversible/irreversible nature of this aqSOA, the WSOCp measurement was alternated through an unperturbed ambient channel and through a “dried” channel maintained at ~40% RH (with 7 s residence time) to mimic the natural drying particles undergo throughout the day. Across the entire RH range encountered, there was no statistically significant difference in WSOCp concentrations through the dry and ambient channels, indicating that the aqSOA remained in the condensed phase upon the evaporation of aerosol water. This strongly suggests that the observed aqSOA was formed irreversibly.
Mitochondria as targets of drug toxicity: Lessons from the R118 phase I experience
Authors: Brass EP , Hoppel CL 
Published: June 2015

Solely the dose determines that a thing is not a poison.—Paracelsus 1493–15411Low Wang et al. report the results of the phase I program for R118 in this issue.2 R118 was designed as an activator of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) to treat claudication. The single ascending dose study in healthy subjects was characterized by an unacceptable number of serious adverse events and substantial risk to the participants. The probable mitochondrial mechanism underlying these adverse events suggests important lessons for future drug development.
Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Coordination Polymers with Layered Transition‐Metal Thiocyanato Networks
Authors: Werner Julia , Tomkowicz Zbigniew , Reinert Thorben , Näther Christian 
Published: June 2015

AbstractReaction of 4‐tert‐butylpyridine (tBP) with transition‐metal thiocyanates leads to the formation of compounds of composition [M(NCS)2(tBP)4] [M = Mn (1‐Mn), Fe (1‐Fe), Co (1‐Co), Ni (1‐Ni)] that consist of discrete complexes, in which the metal centers are octahedrally coordinated by two terminal thiocyanato anions and four tBP ligands. If less tBP is used in the synthesis, two compounds of composition [M(NCS)2(tBP)2]n with M = Co (2‐Co) and Ni (2‐Ni) are obtained, in which the metal centers are linked into a 2D network by single thiocyanato anions. Thermal decomposition of 1‐Co leads to the formation of an additional modification of [Co(NCS)2(tBP)2] (3‐Co). Magnetic measurements of 2‐Ni and 2‐Co reveal that 2‐Ni shows a ferromagnetic phase transition at Tc = (14.8 ± 0.1) K and 2‐Co shows a transition to the magnetic state with uncompensated magnetic moment at (3.15 ± 0.03) K.
An Experimental Investigation of Thermal Performance of a Polymer‐Based Flat Heat Pipe
Authors: Shi Bo , Wang Yi‐Biao , Shan Ying‐Jie 
Published: June 2015

A polymer‐based flat heat pipe (PFHP) was fabricated. The heat transfer performance was measured and analyzed when deionized (DI) water and acetone were used as the working fluid, separately. Input power ranging from 2.8 W to 14.2 W was provided to the evaporator section while the device was at different filling ratios. Experimental results revealed that, when the polymer‐based flat heat pipe was laid in a horizontal position, the thermal resistance (1.02 K/W) was much smaller than that (4.6 K/W) of a copper plate with the same thickness at the thermal power of 10.3 W and the value decreased as the tilt angle changed from 0° to 90°.
Plume and Plate Tectonics Model for Formation of some Proterozoic Basins of India along Contemporary Mobile Belts: Mahakoshal – Bijawar, Vindhyan and Cuddapah Basins
Authors: Mishra D. C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Proterozoic basins in India mostly belong to two periods, viz. Paleo-Mesoproterozoic (~1.9-1.6 Ga) and Meso-Neoproterozoic (1.1-0.7 Ga) periods that show a long hiatus of ~0.5 Ga between the upper and the lower groups. We have considered Mahakoshal – Bijawar, lower Vindhyan and lower Cuddapah (Cuddapah Supergroup) basins in the former group while the latter consists of upper Vindhyan, and upper Cuddapah (Kurnool) basins. They mostly occur along the contemporary Proterozoic collision zones and are sub parallel to them. The Mahakoshal and Bijawar Supergroups occur along the Satpura Mobile Belt (SMB) and Bundelkhand craton, respectively with Bundelkhand craton as basement and are overlain by the Vindhyan Supergroup of rocks along the SMB. They are almost sub-parallel to the mobile bet, SMB. The Cuddapah Supergroup of Paleoproterozoic period and the Kurnool Group of Neoproterozoic period of Cuddapah basin occur along the Eastern Ghat Mobile Belt (EGMB). Based on the exposed contemporary dyke swarms and sills of mafic and ultramafic rocks that are exposed far apart and their extent sub-surface based on geophysical data, it is suggested that a large plume/superplume existed during Paleoproterozoic period (~1.9 Ga) under the Indian continent. It was responsible for the breakup (rifting) of the then cratons and provided margins for deposition of the former older group of rocks with shelf type of sediments and large scale mafic/ultramafic intrusives. The latter younger groups formed during subsequent convergence in Meso-Neoproterozoic period (~1.1-0.7 Ga) as foreland basins on the stable platform of the rifted cratons. That largely explains their undisturbed nature and absence of magmatic rocks. This convergence also caused large scale deformation as folds and faults in the former group of rocks as they collided with adjoining cratons and formed orogenic belts of that time. In the above examples, the Mahakoshal, Bijawar, lower Vindhyan and lower Cuddapah basins of Paleoproterozoic period formed during the rifting phase due to the plume/superplume while the upper Vindhyan and upper Cuddapah (Kurnool) basins of Neoproterozoic period formed during subsequent convergence as foreland basins. As they formed during different stages of plate tectonics viz. rifting and convergence, they show long hiatus of 0.5-0.6 Ga between the older and the younger groups. The same plume/superplume at 1.9 Ga might also be responsible for the breakup of the contemporary Columbia supercontinent as rocks of similar ages have been reported from other parts of this supercontinent.
Integrated Litho-ichnofacies and Ichnofabric Analysis of the Lowermost Part of the Kunzum La Formation along the Khemangar khad and the Parahio Valley Sections, Spiti Region (Zanskar-Spiti-Kinnaur Basin), Northwest Himalaya, India
Authors: Virmani Nancy , Singh Birendra P. , Gill Aman 
Published: June 2015

Abstract:
The Cambrian sequence, designated as the Kunzam La Formation, is exposed along the classical Parahio Valley section and also on left bank of the Khemangar khad in the Parahio Valley (Spiti), the latter constitutes the lowermost exposed part of the Kunzum La Formation. The lower part of the Parahio Valley section and outcrop near the left bank of the Khemangar khad were studied for integrated litho-ichnofacies and ichnofabric analysis. The study establishes a genetic relationship of the strata of these two localities. Five lithofacies are recognised in both the examined sections. The lithofacies indicate a wave-dominated shallow marine environment of deposition for these Cambrian rocks. The overall calculated ichnofabric indices in 74 m exposed strata at the Khemangar khad locality range from ii1=80.5% (represented by 25.8 m), ii2= 17% (represented by 5.4 m) and ii4=2.5 % (represented by 0.8 m). The 42 m rocks examined in the main Parahio Valley section indicate ichnofabric indices ranging from ii1=37% (represented by 17.8 m), ii2=21% (represented by 8.0 m), ii3=40% (represented by 15.2 m) and ii4=2.0% (represented by 1.0 m). The presence of archetypal Cruziana ichnofacies, parallel and wavy laminations, hummocky cross stratification (HCS) and trough cross stratification (TCS) supports a wave-dominated shallow water environment from upper shoreface to middle-lower shoreface setup for the deposition of the lowermost part of the Kunzum La Formation in the Parahio Valley.
Fossil Charcoal as Palaeofire Indicators: Taphonomy and Morphology of Charcoal Remains in Sub-surface Gondwana Sediments of South Karanpura Coalfield
Authors: Mahesh S. , Murthy Srikanta , Chakraborty B. , Roy M. D. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Macroscopic charcoal is recovered from the sub-surface sediments from Bore core SKB-1 which intersected Barren Measure Formation and Raniganj Formation of South Karanpura coalfield. These charcoal particles are widely accepted to be of palaeowildfire products and this study contributes to the Middle and Late Permian wildfire data of Indian peninsula. In the present investigation the charcoal particles are studied using reflected light, transmitted light and Scanning Electron microscopy to document their anatomical structure, morphology and temperature of formation. The inertinite reflectance data reveal that these charcoals were formed at a temperature of 600° C which is evident by the homogenized cell walls as homogenization takes place at temperatures above 500° C. Petrographic analysis reveals high inertinite content and the calculated Gelification Index and Tissue preservation Index suggest that the sediments from which the charcoal particles were retrieved were deposited in a dry forest swamp which was conducive for the forest fire to propagate as the forest litter provided the fuel load. The morphological characters of charcoal were utilized in delineating its taphonomy and it indicates that they are hypautochthonous in nature.
Geochronological Study of Metasediments and Carbon Isotopes in Associated Graphites from the Sargur Area, Dharwar Craton: Constraints on the Age and Nature of the Protoliths
Authors: Maibam B. , Sanyal P. , Bhattacharya S. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
207Pb/206Pb ages of detrital zircons from the graphite bearing metasediments of the Sargur area are determined using ion microprobe to constrain the probable depositional age. Zircon ages of the samples range from 2.3 to 2.8 Ga which are close to the reported metamorphic ages in the vicinity. Absence of older age (Mesoarchaean &gt;3.0 Ga) in these samples suggest that detrital zircons from the Sargur supracrustal unit has been reset by younger post-depositional metamorphic processes and probably reflect a craton-wide Paleoproterozoic event. The graphites from these samples vary in concentration of carbon as well as in 13C/12C isotopic ratio. The range of δ13C values of graphites indicates organic origin suggesting the existence of bio-organisms in the Sargur area during the Paleoproterozoic period.
Lasers in stapes surgery: a review
Authors: Young E , Mitchell-Innes A , Jindal M 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackground:Lasers in stapes surgery are used to divide the anterior and posterior crus of the stapes, divide the stapedius tendon and perforate the footplate. The ideal laser should not penetrate deeply into the perilymph (thereby increasing its temperature). It should be conducted through optical fibres, allowing easy manipulation, and should have good water absorption, equating to high bone ablation efficiency.Objectives:This review discusses the various different lasers used in stapes surgery with regard to their properties and suitability for this type of surgery. In particular, the laser parameters used are discussed to facilitate their clinical use.
The Valley of Dantig and the myth of exile and return
Authors: Galambos Imre , van Schaik Sam 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe valley of Dantig in Amdo plays a central role in Tibetan Buddhist historical literature as the place where the monastic code was maintained during the tenth century after the dissolution of the monasteries in central Tibet. This article shows that a manuscript (now kept at the British Library) carried by a Chinese pilgrim monk through this region in the 960s, which mentions Dantig, is the only direct documentary evidence of Tibetan monastic culture in this region at this time. The authors also show how the nameDantig, which has been previously unexplained, derives from theSudāna Sūtra, a Buddhist narrative of exile and return that is directly relevant to the aspirations of the refugee monks from central Tibet who settled in the region.
Conserved SMP domains of the ERMES complex bind phospholipids and mediate tether assembly
Authors: AhYoung Andrew P. , Jiang Jiansen , Zhang Jiang , Khoi Dang Xuan , Loo Joseph A. , Zhou Z. Hong , Egea Pascal F. 
Published: June 2015

Significance
Phospholipid exchange between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria is essential for membrane biogenesis and, ultimately, cell survival. It remains unclear, however, how this exchange is facilitated. Our study investigates a putative involvement of the ER-mitochondrial encounter structure (ERMES), a tethering complex that bridges the ER and mitochondria, in phospholipid transport in yeast. We show that a conserved ERMES domain called the “synaptotagmin-like mitochondrial lipid-binding protein” (SMP) domain preferentially binds phosphatidylcholines and mediates the hierarchical assembly of the tether. The 17-Å-resolution EM structure of the complex formed between the SMP domains present in two ERMES subunits, Mdm12 and Mmm1, reveals an elongated, tubular-shaped heterotetramer traversed by a hydrophobic channel, suggesting a mechanism for lipid transport between the two organelles.