bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concomitant Effects of Metformin and Vitamin C on
Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats: Biochemical and Histopathological
Approach
Authors: Khezri Mohammad Rafi , Varzandeh Reza , Ghasemnejad-Berenji Morteza 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction Gastric ulcer is one of the most common and serious
conditions in the gastrointestinal tract. One of the main causes of gastric
ulcers is using of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) which have
limited their use in clinical practice. Several studies have revealed that
metformin and Vitamin C (Vit C) exhibit protective effects against gastric
mucosal damage in different animal models. However, no studies indicate their
combination's effect on gastric ulcer models. Therefore, this study aims to
investigate the protective effects of metformin and Vit C combination on
indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers.
Material and methods In total, thirty rats were divided into six groups,
including the control group, rats received indomethacin (50 mg/kg, i.p.), rats
received indomethacin and pretreated with ranitidine (100 mg/kg), metformin
(100 mg/kg, i.p.), Vit C (100 mg/kg), or metformin combined with Vit C. Four
hours after indomethacin administration, rats were euthanized, and gastric
tissues were removed for macroscopic, histopathologic, and biochemical
examinations.
Results All therapeutics used in this study were found to alleviate
gastric mucosal injury caused by indomethacin, as observed in histopathologic
and macroscopic evaluations. Both Vit C and metformin were observed to
significantly decrease lipid peroxidation and enhance the activity of
anti-oxidative enzymes, SOD, GPx, and catalase. However, a more significant
effectiveness was observed in catalase and GPx activities when Vit C was
co-administered with metformin.
Conclusions In conclusion, the present study revealed that metformin and
Vit C combination therapy could potentially treat gastric ulcers associated with
indomethacin.
Exploring the Anticonvulsant Properties of a Celecoxib-Phospholipid
Conjugate: Synthesis, Activation, and Evaluation of Cytotoxicity
Authors: Anjali Puthusserikkunnu B , Jawahar Natarajan , Praharsh Kumar Mandadhi R , Jubie Selvaraj , Selvamuthukumar Subramanian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background Epilepsy poses a significant global health challenge,
particularly in regions with limited financial resources hindering access to
treatment. Recent research highlights neuroinflammation, particularly involving
cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathways, as a promising avenue for epilepsy
management.
Methods This study aimed to develop a Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor with
potential anticonvulsant properties. A promising drug candidate was identified
and chemically linked with phospholipids through docking analyses. The
activation of this prodrug was assessed using phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-mediated
hydrolysis studies. The conjugateʼs confirmation and cytotoxicity were evaluated
using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Differential Scanning
Calorimetry (DSC), and Sulphoramide B (SRB) assays.
Results Docking studies revealed that the Celecoxib-Phospholipid conjugate
exhibited a superior affinity for PLA2 compared to other drug-phospholipid
conjugates. FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed the successful synthesis of the
conjugate, while DSC analysis confirmed its purity and formation. PLA2-mediated
hydrolysis experiments demonstrated selective activation of the prodrug
depending on PLA2 concentration. SRB experiments indicated dose-dependent
cytotoxic effects of Celecoxib, phospholipid non-toxicity, and efficient
celecoxib-phospholipid conjugation.
Conclusion This study successfully developed a Celecoxib-phospholipid
conjugate with potential anticonvulsant properties. The prodrugʼs specific
activation and cytotoxicity profile makes it a promising therapeutic candidate.
Further investigation into underlying mechanisms and in vivo studies is
necessary to assess its translational potential fully.
Peripheral Auditory Pathway and ABR Characterization in Adults with Williams Syndrome
Authors: Nascimento Jacqueline Aquino do , Silva Liliane Aparecida Fagundes , Samelli Alessandra Gianella , Matas Carla Gentile 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction Williams syndrome (WS) is a genetic disorder caused by a microdeletion in chromosome 7, affecting ∼ 28 genes. Studies have demonstrated conductive losses seemingly related to the absence of the elastin gene and mild to profound sensorineural losses due to cochlear fragility.
Objective To characterize and compare the peripheral auditory system and auditory brainstem response (ABR) of adults with WS and neurotypical adults matched by age and gender.
Methods We conducted a cross-sectional observational study with 30 individuals of both sexes, aged 18 to 37 years – 15 of them with WS (study group) and 15 with neither the syndrome nor hearing complaints (control group), matched for sex and age. The subjects underwent pure-tone and speech audiometry, acoustic immittance, transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs), and ABR.
Results Early-onset sensorineural hearing loss was found in 53.3% of the study sample, mostly mild, occurring above 3 kHz. The TEOAEs were absent in 53.3% of assessed subjects; for those in whom they were present, the signal-to-noise responses were significantly lower than in the control group. In the ABR, increased absolute latencies were observed in waves I and III.
Conclusion Individuals with WS have early and progressive cochlear impairments, mainly affecting the basal region of the cochlea. They may have low brainstem changes which seem to begin in adulthood.
Lingua francas as evidence of standard language ideology in historical perspective
Authors: Brown Josh 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The paper considers historical lingua francas and standard language ideology from the framework of ‘language
history from below’. Although some work has been devoted to mixed forms of language in studies of standardisation, little
attention has been paid to lingua francas. This paper focusses on a historical dictionary – the Dictionnaire de la langue
franque of 1830 – to argue that historical data can be considered as evidence ‘from below’ for the broader ideologies
of standardisation which were circulating in early modern Europe. I argue that the fictive dialogues contained in the
Dictionnaire are a projection that reflect broader theories about language standardisation at the time. In
this sense, the paper argues for further development of the role of lingua francas in models of standardisation more
generally.
First-order transition under a magnetic ordered state in SmPtSi2
Authors: Nakano Tomohito , Takahashi Eisuke , Yamaguchi Shuto , Takeda Naoya , Uhlířová Klára , Prokleška Jan , Pospíšil Jiří , Sechovský Vladimír , Matusbayashi Kazuyuki , Ma Hanming , Uwatoko Yoshiya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We have synthesized polycrystalline and single-crystalline samples of SmPtSi2, and measured their resistivity, specific heat, magnetization, and Seebeck coefficient. The existence of two magnetic phase transitions has been confirmed, one at T
H = 8.6 K and the other T
L = 5.6 K. A hump-type anomaly in resistivity, a lambda-type anomaly in specific heat, a downward bend in magnetization, and a semiconductor-like increase in the Seebeck coefficient were observed at T
H, indicating an antiferromagnetic transition accompanied by a gap opening on the Fermi surface. In contrast, a sharp drop in resistivity, a sharp spike in specific heat, and a drop in magnetization were observed at T
L. The Seebeck coefficient showed metallic temperature dependence below T
L. With increasing pressure, T
H and T
L shifted to higher temperatures. The transition at T
L was no longer observed at pressures above 1.5 GPa. These findings suggest that the transition at T
L is a transition from an antiferromagnetic ordered state with the gap on the Fermi surface to a different antiferromagnetic state.
Nonlocality activation using local filtering operations based on CGLMP inequality
Authors: Kumari Asmita 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Entanglement is necessary but not sufficient to demonstrate nonlocality as there exist local entangled states which do not violate any Bell inequality. In recent years, the activation of nonlocality (known as hidden nonlocality) by using local filtering operations has gained considerable interest. In the original proposal of Popescu [Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 2619 (1995)] the hidden nonlocality was demonstrated for the Werner class of states in d ≥ 5. In this paper, we demonstrate the hidden nonlocality for a class of mixed entangled states (convex mixture of a pure state and color noise) in an arbitrary d-dimensional system using suitable local filtering operations. For our demonstration, we consider the quantum violation of Collins-Linden-Gisin-Masser-Popescu (CGLMP) inequality which has hitherto not been considered for this purpose. We show that when the pure state in the aforementioned mixed entangled state is a maximally entangled state, the range of the mixing parameter for revealing hidden nonlocality increases with increasing the dimension of the system. Importantly, we find that for d ≥ 8, hidden non-locality can be revealed for the whole range of mixing parameter. Further, by considering another pure state, the maximally CGLMP-violating state, we demonstrate the activation of nonlocality by using the same local filtering operation. We have also shown the activation of quantum fidelity for mixed entangled states using the same local filtering operator.
Edge dependent fault-tolerance in certain carbon-based crystal structures
Authors: Singh Malkesh , Lal Sohan , Sharma Sunny Kumar , Bhat Vijay Kumar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The field of chemical graph theory encompasses interdisciplinary studies that utilize mathematical methods in exploring the attributes and arrangement of chemical compounds. Chemical graphs, in which atoms are vertices and bonds are edges, offer influential mathematical representations for portraying the molecular structures of chemical compounds. A smallest subset of vertices of a graph from which the vector of distances to each vertex of the graph is unique is known as metric basis for that graph and cardinality of a metric basis is known as metric dimension of that graph. In this paper, an important variant of metric dimension known as fault-tolerant edge metric dimension (FTEMD) is taken into consideration and computed it for most important possible allotrope of carbon family, known as crystal cubic carbon (denoted by G(n)). We prove that the FTEMD value of the molecular graph of crystal cubic carbon is unbounded for large n. Also, the comparison between several variants of metric dimension and FTEMD for the molecular graph G(n) has also been incorporated in the paper.
Soliton solutions and sensitive analysis to nonlinear wave model arising in optics
Authors: Lu Wenjie , Ahmad Jamshad , Akram Sonia , Aldwoah Khaled A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this study, we use analytical algorithms, specifically the auxiliary equation (AE) approach, the improved F-expansion method, and the modified Sardar sub-equation (MSSE) method to investigate complex wave structures for plentiful solutions associated with the fractional perturbed Gerdjikov-Ivanov (PGI) model with the M-fractional operator. The investigated model is a well-established mathematical model used to represent a variety of physical events in nonlinear dynamics and mathematical physics. By using the aforementioned techniques, we scrutinize some new optical wave solutions in the framework of dark, bright, periodic, combo, W-shaped, M-shape, V-shape, kink type, singular rational, exponential, trigonometric, and hyperbolic solutions. The acquired solutions address a wide range of optical solutions in the form of 3D plots, contour plots, and 2D plots, declaring the free parameters of such optical soliton solutions and comprehending their dynamic behavior. Also, the sensitive analysis of the selected model is analyzed. The main contribution of this study is to extract diverse solitary wave solutions of the adopted model. Some of the solutions are similar and some diverge from the previous solutions which justifies the novelty of the study. Finally, we discovered that the current technique provides a reliable instrument for investigating the analytic solutions of fractional differential equations. The proposed PGI model can be used to transmit ultra-fast pulses across optical fibers. This research goes beyond to the advancement of mathematical techniques for solving fractional differential equations and broadens their application to a wide range of real-world scientific and engineering problems.
SiC and Si detectors comparison for high carbon energy spectrometry
Authors: Torrisi L. , Havranek V. , Mackova A. , Torrisi A. , Cutroneo M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
An innovative SiC Schottky junction and a traditional p-n Si surface barrier detector have been compared to detect carbon ions with MeVs kinetic energy. To this, a comparison was performed during Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) using 2–10 MeV carbon ion beams. The energy resolution and detection efficiency for RBS analysis using the two detectors and their detection electronics are presented.

The detector parameters dependencies on the surface passivating layers, ion energy and current dependence, ion penetration depth, detection efficiency, energy resolution, and others are discussed.

The comparison of RBS analysis with SiC and Si is investigated highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of using SiC with respect to the traditional Si surface barrier detectors. The two detectors employed for proton, helium and carbon RBS spectrometry of different targets have been also compared on the base of the literature data.
Performance of the electromagnetic and hadronic prototype segments of the ALICE Forward Calorimeter
Authors: Aehle M. , Alme J. , Arata C. , Arsene I. , Bearden I. , Bodova T. , Borshchov V. , Bourrion O. , Bregant M. , van den Brink A. , Buchakchiev V. , Buhl A. , Chujo T. , Dufke L. , Eikeland V. , Fasel M. , Gauger N. , Gautam A. , Ghimouz A. , Goto Y. , Guernane R. , Hachiya T. , Hassan H. , He L. , Helstrup H. , Huhta L. , Inaba M. , Inukai T. , Isidori T. , Jonas F. , Kawaguchi T. , Keidel R. , Kim M.H. , Kozhuharov V. , Kumaoka T. , Kusch L. , Loizides C. , Melikyan Y. , Miake Y. , Minafra N. , Nystrand J. , Novitzky N. , Økland T. , Oyama K. , Park H. , Park J. , Pascal I. , Peitzmann T. , Protsenko M. , Räsänen S.S. , Rarbi F. , Rauch M. , Rehman A. , Richter M. , Röhrich D. , Røed K. , Rusu A. , Rytkönen H. , Sakai S. , Sato K. , Schilling A. , Shimizu S. , Shimomura M. , Simeonov R. , Solheim E. , Sugitate T. , Tambave G. , Tapia Takaki D. , Tourres D. , Tymchuk I. , Yi J. , Yin Z. , Ullaland K. , Yang S. , Yokoo T. , Zhou D. , Zillien S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We present the performance of a full-length prototype of the
ALICE Forward Calorimeter (FoCal). The detector is composed of a
silicon-tungsten electromagnetic sampling calorimeter with
longitudinal and transverse segmentation (FoCal-E) of about 20X
0
and a hadronic copper-scintillating-fiber calorimeter (FoCal-H) of
about 5λ
int. The data were taken in various test
beam campaigns between 2021 and 2023 at the CERN PS and SPS beam
lines with hadron beams up to energies of 350 GeV, and electron
beams up to 300 GeV. Regarding FoCal-E, we report a
comprehensive analysis of its response to minimum ionizing particles
across all pad layers, employing various operational modes including
different pre-amplifier and bias voltage settings. The longitudinal
shower profile of electromagnetic showers is measured with a
layer-wise segmentation of 1X
0. As a projection to the
performance of the final detector in electromagnetic showers, we
demonstrate linearity in the full energy range, and show that the
energy resolution fulfills the requirements for the physics needs.
Additionally, the performance to separate two-showers events was
studied by quantifying the transverse shower width. Regarding
FoCal-H, we report a detailed analysis of the response to hadron
beams between 60 and 350 GeV. The results are compared to
simulations obtained with a Geant4 model of the test beam
setup, which in particular for FoCal-E are in good agreement with
the data. The energy resolution of FoCal-E was found to be lower
than 3% at energies larger than 100 GeV. The response of
FoCal-H to hadron beams was found to be linear, albeit with a
significant intercept that is about factor 2 larger than in
simulations. Its resolution, which is non-Gaussian and generally
larger than in simulations, was quantified using the FWHM, and
decreases from about 16% at 100 GeV to about 11% at 350 GeV.
The discrepancy to simulations, which is particularly evident at low
hadron energies, needs to be further investigated.
The Linac Extension Area at the Advanced Photon Source
Authors: Wootton K.P. , Berg W.J. , Borland M. , Brill A. , Byrd J.M. , Chitra S. , Collins J. , Dooling J.C. , Edwards J. , Erwin L. , Fystro G. , Grabinski T.L. , Henry M.J. , Heyeck E. , Keane R. , Lee S.-H. , Lenner J. , Lobach I. , Lumpkin A.H. , Puttkammer A. , Sajaev V. , Sereno N.S. , Sun Y. , Wang J. , Wang S.Y.G. , Zholents A.A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Linac Extension Area has been developed into a beamline
area for testing accelerator components and techniques. Beginning
commissioning activities in February 2023, we have delivered the
first electron beam to the Linac Extension Area at the Advanced
Photon Source at 425 MeV. In the present work, we summarise the
principal accelerator components and review safety controls of the
Linac Extension Area.
Markovian dynamics for a quantum/classical system and quantum trajectories
Authors: Barchielli Alberto 
Published: July 2024

AbstractQuantum trajectory techniques have been used in the theory of open systems as a starting point for numerical computations and to describe the monitoring of a quantum system in continuous time. We extend this technique to develop a general approach to the dynamics of quantum/classical hybrid systems. By using two coupled stochastic differential equations, we can describe a classical component and a quantum one which have their own intrinsic dynamics and which interact with each other. A mathematically rigorous construction is given, under the restriction of having a Markovian joint dynamics and of involving only bounded operators on the Hilbert space of the quantum component. An important feature is that, if the interaction allows for a flow of information from the quantum component to the classical one, necessarily the dynamics is dissipative. We show also how this theory is connected to a suitable hybrid dynamical semigroup, which reduces to a quantum dynamical semigroup in the purely quantum case and includes Liouville and Kolmogorov–Fokker–Planck equations in the purely classical case. Moreover, this semigroup allows to compare the proposed stochastic dynamics with various other proposals based on hybrid master equations. Some simple examples are constructed in order to show the variety of physical behaviors which can be described; in particular, a model presenting hidden entanglement is introduced.
Design and Optimization of a High Frequency Miniature Pulse Tube Cryocooler
Authors: Li Geyang , Feng Tianshi , Gao Min , Liang Menglin , Tang Qingjun , Xun Yuqiang , Chen Houlei , Zheng Maowen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A micro coaxial pulse tube cryocooler has been developed for infrared detection. This paper presents the experimental data of performance and describes the optimization process of a pulse tube cryocooler in detail. With a tiny size and high frequency, this cryocooler is driven by the linear compressor. The combination of inertance tube and buffer is adopted as phase shifter. The effect of the structure and operating parameters on cooling performance are investigated through experiments. As a result, the regenerator has a dimension of 40 mm length, and the optimal frequency is 175 Hz. It can provide a cooling power of 0.5 W at 80 K with a 30 W input electric power and 0.8 W at 150 K with a 10 W input electric power.
Transient Liquefaction on the Lunar or Martian Surface Operational Demonstration
Authors: Johnson W L , Balasubramaniam R , Grotenrath R J , Giddens P A , Smith J W 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
As developments of local production of cryogenic fluids on the Lunar or Martian surface progress, it is important to understand transient system responses to help with the balancing of process plant power and understanding system-level operations. During the Cryogenic Fluid In-situ Liquefaction for Landers (CryoFILL) testing, a series of transient oxygen liquefaction tests were completed. These tests included varying liquefaction flow rate, environmental temperature, tank fill level, and effective cryocooler lift while allowing the tank pressure to respond to the input controls. An additional transient test was run at the 90% fill level to determine the impact of injecting the gaseous oxygen at the bottom of the tank, allowing the vapor to bubble up through the liquid. Tests were run in a cyclical nature varying one variable at a time. The control variable was set in a manner to increase tank pressure for a period of time and then subsequently changed in a manner to decrease the tank pressure back to its original value with multiple cycles run for all tests. Tank pressure and system temperature responses were tracked as a function of time with an emphasis on repeatability. Results indicate that of the four variables tested, the environmental temperature is the least important. As expected, the bubbling of the liquefaction gas significantly decreased the pressurization and depressurization rates in the tank at the 90% full level.
Improvement of the two-stage Stirling cooler below 20K
Authors: Yasuda A , Otsuka K , Tsunematsu S , Hiratsuka Y , Kanao K 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. (SHI) supplies 4K-class and 1K-class cooler for space use. The 4K-class and 1K-class cooler consists of Joule-Thomson (JT) cooler and two-stage Stirling cooler as a pre-cooler. To improve the cooling capacity of 4K-class and 1K-class coolers, we are developing the cooling capacity of two-stage Stirling cooler below 20K. The performance of the two-stage Stirling cooler essentially depends on the volumetric heat capacity of its regenerator. We investigated new materials which has higher volumetric heat capacity than stainless steel used in current model, and succeeded improve the cooling capacity of the two-stage Stirling cooler. This paper describes the numerical estimation and the results of cooling tests of the two-stage Stirling cooler using new materials.