bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis in 17 Maine Coon cats
Authors: Borak Danilo , Wunderlin Nadja , Brückner Michael , Schwarz Günter , Klang Andrea 
Published: August 2015

Objectives From May 2009 to January 2015, 208 Maine Coon cats presented to the Tierklinik Hollabrunn – a small animal referral and first-opinion centre – and 17 (8.17%) cats were diagnosed with a slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). Over the same time period, 29 (0.67%) of 4348 cats (all breeds) were diagnosed with SCFE. Methods Clinical and orthopaedic examinations and diagnostic imaging were performed on all affected Maine Coons. Age at first presentation, sex, body weight, body condition score (BCS), unilateral or bilateral manifestation of the disease, activity level and duration of lameness, age at neutering and known family history of disease were recorded. Sixteen of 17 Maine Coons were surgically treated. Surgically removed femoral tissue samples were histologically examined in 13 cases. Results The mean age at first presentation was 21.47 months; male to female ratio was 16:1; mean body weight was 7.5 kg (range 5.3–9.3 kg); and mean BCS was 5.06/9.0. Seven cats were bilaterally affected; the median duration of decreased activity level and lameness was 2 weeks; mean age at neutering was 7.7 months (range 3.0–12.0 months); and four cats were littermates. Fourteen femoral head and neck ostectomies, eight total hip replacements and one primary fixation were performed. All 13 histologically available samples confirmed the diagnosis of SCFE. Conclusions and relevance To date, SCFE has been reported only occasionally in Maine Coon cats. However, the results of this study showed that Maine Coons were approximately 12-fold more likely to develop SCFE than the overall population of cats presenting to the Tierklinik Hollabrunn over the same time period. Male sex, neutering, delayed physeal closure and breed-specific high body weight may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SCFE in Maine Coon cats.
Translanguaging in multimodal Macao posters: Flexible versus separate multilingualism
Authors: Zhang Hong , Chan Brian Hok-Shing 
Published: August 2015

Aims: This paper suggests a framework of separate and flexible multilingualism to describe multilingual phenomena in Macao. The aims are to capture both conventional and creative language practice and to explore what exactly is the state of multilingualism in modern Macao under the context of globalization, and more specifically how we can capture variation in multilingual practice. Methodology: The objectives are achieved by analyzing the interplay and distance between languages in multilingual texts, focusing on the multimodality and intertextuality of the texts. Data and analysis: The database is a collection of 300 posters for cultural and entertainment events in Macao. The distance of languages is analyzed at the unit level in multimodal texts; separate and flexible multilingualism are exemplified and further elaborated. Conclusions: Multilingualism in Macao is mainly characterized by separate multilingualism, where different languages are demarcated clearly. However, Macao is undergoing a significant process of globalization, accompanied by a huge flow of people, and concomitantly flexible multilingualism is emergent and coexistent with separate multilingualism. Flexible multilingualism is often manifested in translanguaging. The various practices of translanguaging are performances of creativity and they show criticality by problematizing the widely accepted essentialist conceptions on boundaries between languages and modes. Originality: This paper extends the framework of separate and flexible multilingualism to explain multilingual practice in general. We analyze multimodal data using a combined method of multimodality and multilingualism while focusing on the linguistic elements. The paper treats the posters as a special and less studied type of linguistic landscape in Macao, and it provides an original and realistic interpretation of the written multilingual linguistic landscape in a unique Chinese city. Significance: This paper provides a new way of understanding multilingualism; translanguaging is broadened to account for written data. Multilingualism can be understood better by observing language-related practice in multimodal texts.
De Quervain’s syndrome: It may not be an isolated pathology
Authors: Redvers-Chubb Karen 
Published: August 2015

Introduction This paper details a retrospective review of patients’ records diagnosed with de Quervain’s syndrome following a traumatic event but no history of repetitive strain. Methods Data analysis of 41 patients was performed. The inclusion criteria were pain over first dorsal compartment, pain on resisted extensor pollicis brevis and/or abductor pollicis longus, and a positive Finkelstein’s test. The assessment included a subjective history to establish a repetitive activity or a traumatic incident and diagnostic tests to establish possible instability or osteoarthritis. Results There were 13 men and 28 women with an age range from 20 to 72 years. Statistical analysis was undertaken using Fisher’s Exact tests. 46.3% ( n = 19) of 41 patients had a ligament injury diagnosed after the de Quervain’s. 94.7% ( n = 18) of 19 patients with ligament instability had a history of trauma, and this was statistically significant. Clinically significant was that 82.9% ( n = 34) of 41 patients demonstrated extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) muscle weakness, but there was no statistical significant correlation between ECU weakness and ligament instability. Patients could have ECU weakness without ligament instability; however, patients with ligament instability appeared more likely to have ECU weakness. Conclusions The results would suggest that de Quervain’s syndrome, in a proportion of patients, could be secondary to underlying wrist pathology due to previous trauma. If the patient does not report a true repetitive strain history, a more thorough assessment may need to be undertaken to establish if there is any underlying pathology.
Tibiotalocalcaneal Arthrodesis Using a Nitinol Intramedullary Hindfoot Nail
Authors: Hsu Andrew R. , Ellington J. Kent , Adams Samuel B. 
Published: August 2015

Tibiotalocalcaneal (TTC) arthrodesis using an intramedullary hindfoot nail is a common procedure for deformity correction and the treatment of combined tibiotalar and subtalar end-stage arthritis. Nonunion at one or both fusion sites is a difficult complication that can result in reoperation, significant morbidity, and below-knee amputation. There is currently a need for sustained compression across fusion sites using a TTC hindfoot nail with good mechanical stability. The DynaNail TTC Fusion System (MedShape, Inc, Atlanta, GA) uses an internal nitinol compression element to apply sustained compression across the tibiotalar and subtalar joints after surgery. In preliminary clinical cases, we have found that the nail is safe, reliable, and has promising clinical and radiographic results in settings of hindfoot arthritis, complex deformity, Charcot arthropathy, and talar avascular necrosis. Levels of Evidence: Expert opinion, Level V
Trends of Concurrent Ankle Arthroscopy at the Time of Operative Treatment of Ankle Fracture
Authors: Ackermann Jakob , Fraser Ethan J. , Murawski Christopher D. , Desai Payal , Vig Khushdeep , Kennedy John G. 
Published: August 2015

Background. The purpose of this study was to report trends associated with concurrent ankle arthroscopy at the time of operative treatment of ankle fracture. Method. The current procedural terminology (CPT) billing codes were used to search the PearlDiver Patient Record Database and identify all patients who were treated for acute ankle fracture in the United States. The Medicare Standard Analytic Files were searchable between 2005 and 2011 and the United Healthcare Orthopedic Dataset from 2007 to 2011. Annual trends were expressed only between 2007 and 2011, as it was the common time period among both databases. Demographic factors were identified for all procedures as well as the cost aspect using the Medicare data set. Results. In total, 32 307 patients underwent open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) of an ankle fracture, of whom 313 (1.0%) had an ankle arthroscopy performed simultaneously. Of those 313 cases, 70 (22.4%) patients received microfracture treatment. Between 2005 and 2011, 85 203 patients were treated for an ankle fracture whether via ORIF or closed treatment. Of these, a total of 566 patients underwent arthroscopic treatment within 7 years. The prevalence of arthroscopy after ankle fracture decreased significantly by 45% from 2007 to 2011 ( P < .0001). When ORIF and microfracture were performed concurrently, the total average charge for both procedures drops to $4253.00 and average reimbursement to $818.00 compared with approximately $4964.00 and $1069.00, respectively, when they were performed subsequently. Conclusion. Despite good evidence in favor of arthroscopy at the time of ankle fracture treatment, it appears that only a small proportion of surgeons in the United States perform these procedures concurrently. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV: Retrospective
Clinical learning during night call versus day work: Perceptions of interns
Authors: Qin Yan , Lie Desiree Annabel Seow Lan , Wong Kok Seng 
Published: August 2015

Introduction: Clinical learning during night call has been shown to be less efficient and effective than during the day among residents. Strategies are needed to address the gap between night-time and daytime learning. We conducted a survey study to examine perceptions of night-time compared with daytime learning among Internal Medicine interns, and asked for suggestions to address this gap. Method: This is a cross-sectional survey study conducted on a single class of 47 interns from Singapore General Hospital in December 2013. Interns anonymously completed a modified previously published 25-item survey. A total of 23 items asked for ratings of learning during the day versus the night using a 5-point Likert scale. The remaining two open-ended questions invited respondents to suggest improvements for teaching and learning. Analysis was done by descriptive statistics for the Likert-scale items, and thematic coding by two coders for narrative responses. Results: Response rate was 70% (33/47). Interns rated learning during the day more positively than during night call for 23 of 23 (100%) items, with 22 out of 23 items showing significant difference. Among the 33 respondents, 20 provided narrative responses. Three major themes emerged: increasing manpower, allowing patient follow-up after night call, and more time for bedside teaching in the daytime. Conclusion: Our study confirms that learning during night call is perceived as less effective than during the day. We further extended this finding to offer alternate strategies to enhance clinical learning among interns.
Gastric residual volume management in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients: A literature review
Authors: Guo Bing 
Published: August 2015

Measured gastric residual volume (GRV) is most commonly used as a marker to guide enteral feeding rate and prevention of pulmonary aspiration in gastric-fed, mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients. However, there is little consensus on the practice standard, and controversies exist regarding its implications. A total of 17 papers were reviewed to evaluate the factors affecting the accuracy of GRV measurement, GRV measurement practices, and its correlations with clinically important complications. Multiple factors affect the accuracy of GRV measurement. GRV threshold and assessment frequency remain undefined. No direct correlation between measured GRV and incidences of pulmonary aspiration or pneumonia was found. However, higher incidences of pulmonary aspiration were observed in cases of higher GRV. Not measuring GRV could result in patient harm. Reducing GRV prior to position change and procedures associated with high risk for regurgitation could prevent aspiration incidences.
Portfolio of Outpatients Attending Centre for Urban Health, Madhya Pradesh, Central India
Authors: Gupta Arti , Reddy B. Venkatashiva , Nagar Mukesh Kumar , Chandel Ajeet , Bali Surya 
Published: August 2015

Background: Knowledge on distribution and burden of diseases in a community is essential for planning of public health services. In the absence of information on morbidity profile through community-based surveys, facility-based data provide a good alternative. The aim of this study was to describe the morbidity profile of patients attending the Centre for Urban Health All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Bhopal (CUHA). Methodology: A record-based descriptive study was carried out in the CUHA Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, Central India. Information on age, gender, residence, new case, and principal diagnosis were extracted from the outpatient registers for the period between January 2014 and December 2014. Only newly registered patients for the study year (2014) were included. Descriptive analysis was done. Results: A total of 6685 new episodes of illnesses were treated. Adults (>15 years) constituted about 85.0%. Overall, the respiratory disorders were the most common (27.2%) followed by the digestive disorders (10.9%), circulatory disorders (9.9%), musculoskeletal disorders (8.8%), and infectious and parasitic disorders (7.4%). Conclusion: This study gives a brief description of the morbidity profile of patients attending a primary health care center over a period of 1 year. This knowledge would help in planning health services to meet the patients’ needs and help in training health staff.
Hydroxyurea with AKT2 inhibition decreases vaso-occlusive events in sickle cell disease mice
Authors: Barazia Andrew , Li Jing , Kim Kyungho , Shabrani Namrata , Cho Jaehyung 
Published: August 2015

Key Points
Coadministration of HU and an AKT2 inhibitor has beneficial effects on acute vaso-occlusive events and survival in SCD mice.
Smallest worthwhile effect of land-based and water-based pulmonary rehabilitation for COPD
Authors: McNamara Renae J. , Elkins Mark R. , Ferreira Manuela L. , Spencer Lissa M. , Herbert Robert D. 
Published: August 2015

This study aimed to determine the smallest worthwhile effect of land-based and water-based pulmonary rehabilitation on 6-min walk distance among people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Using a benefit–harm trade-off method, people with COPD who had completed two baseline 6-min walk tests at the commencement of outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation were presented with two scenarios: 8 weeks of land-based and 8 weeks of water-based pulmonary rehabilitation. Participants were guided through an iterative process allowing them to progressively refine their estimates of the smallest improvement due to each form of rehabilitation that would outweigh the associated costs, risks and inconvenience presented in the scenario.100 people with COPD participated (mean±sdage 72±9 years, forced expiratory volume in 1 s 54±16% predicted and baseline 6-min walk distance 377±101 m). For land-based pulmonary rehabilitation, the median smallest worthwhile effect was 20 m (95% CI 15–37 m). For water-based pulmonary rehabilitation, the median smallest worthwhile effect was 26 m (95% CI 15–33 m). These estimates did not differ significantly (p=0.10).People with COPD typically perceive that pulmonary rehabilitation would be worthwhile if it increased the 6-min walk distance by about 6%. The smallest worthwhile effects of land- and water-based pulmonary rehabilitation were similar.
New anti-tuberculosis drugs and regimens: 2015 update
Authors: D'Ambrosio Lia , Centis Rosella , Sotgiu Giovanni , Pontali Emanuele , Spanevello Antonio , Migliori Giovanni Battista 
Published: August 2015

Over 480 000 cases of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) occur every year globally, 9% of them being affected by extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains ofMycobacterium tuberculosis. The treatment of MDR/XDR-TB is unfortunately long, toxic and expensive, and the success rate largely unsatisfactory (<20% among cases with resistance patterns beyond XDR).The aim of this review is to summarise the available evidence-based updated international recommendations to manage MDR/XDR-TB, and to update the reader on the role of newly developed drugs (delamanid, bedaquiline and pretomanid) as well as repurposed drugs (linezolid and meropenem clavulanate, among others) used to treat these conditions within new regimens.A nonsystematic review based on historical trials results as well as on recent literature and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines has been performed, with special focus on the approach to managing MDR/XDR-TB.The new, innovative global public health interventions, recently approved by WHO and known as the “End TB Strategy”, support the vision of a TB-free world with zero death, disease and suffering due to TB. Adequate, universally accessed treatment is a pre-requisite to reach TB elimination. New shorter, cheap, safe and effective anti-TB regimens are necessary to boost TB elimination.
Diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT as first choice in the detection of recurrent colorectal cancer due to rising CEA
Authors: Gade Michael , Kubik Magdalena , Fisker Rune V. , Thorlacius-Ussing Ole , Petersen Lars J. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Background
The diagnostic value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) as the first imaging approach in the evaluation of rising carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is not clear. The objective of this study was to investigate the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and suspected recurrence based on rising CEA.

Methods
A total of 73 patients with CRC were referred to PET/CT after radical surgery. Generally, all patients were scheduled to follow a CT-based post-surgical follow-up regimen. In the case of rising CEA, 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed in most patients with contrast-enhanced CT. The PET/CT images were independently reviewed by two readers. The presence or absence of recurrence was based on histology and/or standardized clinical follow-up.

Results
Among 35 patients who had confirmed recurrence of CRC, PET/CT demonstrated recurrence with a sensitivity of 85.7 %, a specificity of 94.7 %, a positive predictive value of 93.8 %, and a negative predictive value of 87.8 %. The SUVmax ranged from 1.3 to 19.9. The mean time since the last postoperative imaging and PET/CT was 8 months (median 4 months). CEA values at referral ranged from 1.5 to 164.0 μg/L (median 5.6 μg/L). The diagnostic properties of PET/CT were analyzed in subgroups of patients with a single rising CEA sample (30 patients, 41 %), 31 patients (43 %) with two or more consecutive increases, and 12 patients (16 %) with persistently elevated values.

Conclusions

18F-FDG PET/contrast-enhanced CT has high diagnostic accuracy in the diagnosis of recurrent CRC, even in patients in a conventional CT-based follow-up program.
Applying compressive sensing to TEM video: a substantial frame rate increase on any camera
Authors: Stevens Andrew , Kovarik Libor , Abellan Patricia , Yuan Xin , Carin Lawrence , Browning Nigel D. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractOne of the main limitations of imaging at high spatial and temporal resolution duringin-situtransmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiments is the frame rate of the camera being used to image the dynamic process. While the recent development of direct detectors has provided the hardware to achieve frame rates approaching 0.1 ms, the cameras are expensive and must replace existing detectors. In this paper, we examine the use of coded aperture compressive sensing (CS) methods to increase the frame rate of any camera with simple, low-cost hardware modifications. The coded aperture approach allows multiple sub-frames to be coded and integrated into a single camera frame during the acquisition process, and then extracted upon readout using statistical CS inversion. Here we describe the background of CS and statistical methods in depth and simulate the frame rates and efficiencies forin-situTEM experiments. Depending on the resolution and signal/noise of the image, it should be possible to increase the speed of any camera by more than an order of magnitude using this approach.Mathematics Subject Classification:(2010) 94A08 · 78A15
A novelFoxD3Variant Is Associated With Vitiligo and Elevated Thyroid Auto-Antibodies
Authors: Schunter Jo Ana , Löffler Dennis , Wiesner Tobias , Kovacs Peter , Badenhoop Klaus , Aust Gabriela , Tönjes Anke , Müller Peter , Baber Ronny , Simon Jan C. , Führer Dagmar , Pfäffle Roland W. , Thiery Joachim , Stumvoll Michael , Kiess Wieland , Kratzsch Jürgen , Körner Antje , Führer-Sakel Dagmar 
Published: August 2015

Context:Vitiligo frequently coincides with autoimmune endocrinopathies, particularly Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Genetic susceptibility may underlie this coincident occurrence. One candidate region is the autoimmunity susceptibility locus on chromosome 1, which encompasses forkhead transcription factor D3 (FoxD3), a gene involved in embryonal melanogenesis. We identified a promotor variant (rs78645479) in an index case of vitiligo + HT + candidiasis and evaluated its clinical and functional relevance.Design:We genotyped 281 patients with variable autoimmune endocrinopathies: HT, Graves' disease (GD), type 1 diabetes (T1D), Addison's disease (AD), autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS), and/or vitiligo and 1858 controls. Furthermore, we experimentally assessed the effect of the variant on promotor activity and assessed the expression of FoxD3 in human thyroid tissue samples.Results:Patients with vitiligo had a higher frequency of the risk allele (30%) compared with healthy controls (18.2%). In addition, the variant was associated with the incidence of elevated anti-TPO antibodies and anti-Tg antibodies, but not with TSH, FT3, or FT4 levels and also not with GD, T1D, AD, or APS. Functionally, the variant increased transcriptional activity in Jurkat and in Hek293 cells. We confirmed gene expression of FoxD3 in human thyroid tissue, which seemed elevated in thyroid tissue samples of some patients with GD and nonautoimmune goiter but not in patients with HT.Conclusion:In addition to a possible association of rs78645479 in FoxD3 with vitiligo, our data on the association of this FoxD3 variant with thyroid autoantibodies suggest a potential involvement of FoxD3 in thyroid immunoregulation.
Decoration of Silica with Tb2O3 Nanoparticles by a Facile Method Free of Additional Catalyst
Authors: Cui Fang , Yu Jing , Cui Tieyu 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Silica composites decorated with metal oxide nanoparticles are prepared based on successive spontaneous reactions. This method does not require any additional acid or base catalyst, thus offers an opportunity to introduce pH-sensitive metal carboxylate groups to silica matrix. Furthermore, the covalent bond of metal carboxylate groups to silica allows the formation of ultrafine and well-dispersed metal oxide nanoparticles in the entire SiO2 matrix.
Solutions of nonlinear problems involving p(x)-Laplacian operator
Authors: Yücedağ Zehra 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
In the present paper, by using variational principle, we
obtain the existence and multiplicity of solutions of a nonlocal problem
involving p(x)-Laplacian. The problem is settled in the variable exponent
Sobolev space W
0
1,p(x)(Ω), and the main tools are the
Mountain-Pass theorem and Fountain theorem.