bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Joint instability and cartilage compression in a mouse model of posttraumatic osteoarthritis
Authors: Onur Tarik S. , Wu Ruobin , Chu Stacey , Chang Wenhan , Kim Hubert T. , Dang Alexis B.C. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTJoint instability and cartilage trauma have been previously studied and identified as key mediators in the development of posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). The purpose of this study was to use an in vivo model to compare the effect of joint instability, caused by the rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), versus cartilage compression. In this study, mice were subjected to cyclical axial loads of twelve Newtons (N) for 240 cycles or until the ACL ruptured. One and eight weeks after this procedure, knees were sectioned coronally and evaluated for osteoarthritis by histology. Using a scoring scale established by [Pritzker K, Gay S, Jimenez S, et al. (2006): Osteoarthritis Cartilage 14:13–29], the articular cartilage across each surface was scored and combined to produce a total degeneration score. The ACL‐ruptured group had a significantly greater total degeneration score than either control or compression treated joints at 1 and 8 weeks. Additionally, only sections from ACL‐ruptured knees consistently showed synovitis after 1 week and osteophyte formation after 8 weeks. Thus, it appears using that ACL rupture consistently creates a severe osteoarthritis phenotype, while axial cartilage compression alone does not appear to be an appropriate method of inducing PTOA in vivo. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:318–323, 2014.
Sex‐related differences in neuromuscular control: Implications for injury mechanisms or healthy stabilisation strategies?
Authors: Flaxman Teresa E. , Smith Andrew J. J. , Benoit Daniel L. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTSex‐related differences in neuromuscular activation have been previously identified and are thought to be an underlying contributor to the ACL injury mechanism. During dynamic tasks evaluating the role of muscle action as it relates to joint stability is difficult since individual muscle contributions to force generation are confounded by biomechanical factors of movement. The purpose of this study was to examine sex‐related differences in knee muscle action during a weight‐bearing isometric exercise and identify the stabilising role of these muscles. Healthy young adults stood with their dominant leg in a boot fixed to a force platform. A force matching protocol required participants to modulate normalised ground reaction forces in various combinations of anterior‐posterior, medial‐lateral loads while maintaining a constant joint position. Normalised electromyographic data of eight muscles crossing the knee joint were displayed in polar plots. Patterns were quantified with an orientation analysis and mean activation magnitudes were computed. Females demonstrated symmetrical activation patterns with significantly greater activation in the rectus femoris (p = 0.037), lateral gastrocnemius (p = 0.012), and tensor fascia lata (p = 0.005) compared to males. High between‐subject reliability (ICC = 0.772–0.977) was observed across groups suggesting we have identified fundamental sex‐related differences in knee joint stabilisation strategies. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:310–317, 2014.
Infrared stabilization of rice bran and its effects on γ‐oryzanol content, tocopherols and fatty acid composition
Authors: Yılmaz Neşe , Tuncel Necati Barış , Kocabıyık Habib 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDRice bran is a nutritionally valuable by‐product of paddy milling. In this study an experimental infrared (IR) stabilization system was developed to prevent rice bran rancidity. The free fatty acid content of raw and IR‐stabilized rice bran samples was monitored every 15 days during 6 months of storage. In addition, energy consumption was determined.RESULTSThe free fatty acid content of rice bran stabilized at 600 W IR power for 5 min remained below 5% for 165 days. No significant change in γ‐oryzanol content or fatty acid composition but a significant decrease in tocopherol content was observed in stabilized rice bran compared with raw bran. IR stabilization was found to be comparable to extrusion with regard to energy consumption.CONCLUSIONIR stabilization was effective in preventing hydrolytic rancidity of rice bran. By optimizing the operational parameters of IR stabilization, this by‐product has the potential for use in the food industry in various ways as a value‐added commodity. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Mycotoxigenic moulds and mycotoxins in flours consumed in Turkey
Authors: Demirel Rasime , Sariozlu Nalan Yilmaz 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDAflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are metabolites produced by several fungi of the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium and have been found to contaminate human foods and animal feeds. The aim of this study was to investigate the abundance and diversity of total microfungi and mycotoxigenic fungi in 25 samples of different grain‐based flours from four regions of Turkey (Thrace and Central, Northwest and West Anatolia) and to evaluate the level of AF and OTA contamination. Microscopic and polymerase chain reaction analyses were used to identify fungi, while high‐performance liquid chromatography was used for the detection of AFs and OTA.RESULTSA total of 551 fungal strains were obtained from the samples and identified morphologically and by multi‐locus gene sequencing. All samples were contaminated with fungi ((2–4.8) × 104 colony‐forming units g−1) and three of them exceeded the European Commission (EC) limits. The data also revealed that 70.5 and 14.7% of the fungal isolates were positive for AF and OTA production respectively. In addition, 21 samples were contaminated by AFs (14.98 and 22.4 µg kg−1 for AFB1) and OTA (3.02 and 4.76 µg kg−1) and three of them exceeded the EC limits.CONCLUSIONThis study is the first report on problems with the occurrence of microfungi, mycotoxin contamination, AFs and OTA in different grain‐based flour samples from Turkey and highlights developable points of current limits for food and public health safety. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Isolated hepatic perfusion for metastatic melanoma
Authors: Yamamoto Maki , Zager Jonathan S. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractUnresectable hepatic metastases from melanoma present a challenge to the physician. Although there have been advances in systemic therapies for patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma to the liver, the overall prognosis is poor and is worse in patients with metastatic ocular melanoma. Isolated hepatic perfusion, open or percutaneous, allows high doses of cytotoxic chemotherapy to be delivered directly to the liver while minimizing systemic exposure, and has emerged as a viable treatment options for these complex patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 109:383–388. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Expression of microRNA‐218 in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and its correlation with tumor progression and patient survival
Authors: Zhu Ziman , Xu Yuefang , Du Jundong , Tan Jingwang , Jiao Huabao 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundOur aim was to analyze clinicopathologic and prognostic values of microRNA (miR)‐218 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinima (PDAC).MethodsTaqMan quantitative RT‐PCR was used to determine the expression of miR‐218 in human PDAC cells and tissue samples. The association of miR‐218 expression with clinicopathologic variables was analyzed. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed to analyze the association of miR‐218 expression with recurrence‐free survival or overall survival of patients. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed.ResultsThe relative level of miR‐218 in PDAC cells was significantly lower than that in normal human pancreatic duct epithelial cell line. Also, the mean level of miR‐218 in PDAC tissues was significantly lower than that in normal pancreatic tissues. Statistical analyses indicated that low miR‐218 expression was closely associated with poor tumor differentiation, advanced tumor stage, higher incidence of lymph node metastasis, and tumor recurrence. Kaplan–Meier survival analyses showed that patients with low miR‐218 expression had lower recurrence‐free and overall survival than those with high miR‐218 expression. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that miR‐218 might be an independent prognostic factor.ConclusionReduced miR‐218 in PDAC tissues was correlated with tumor progression, and might be an independent poor prognostic factor for patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 109:89–94. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ability of FDG‐PET/CT in the detection of gallbladder cancer
Authors: Ramos‐Font Carlos , Gómez‐Rio Manuel , Rodríguez‐Fernández Antonio , Jiménez‐Heffernan Amelia , Sánchez Rocío Sánchez , Llamas‐Elvira Jose Manuel 
Published: October 2013

AbstractPurposeTo assess the value of FDG‐PET/CT in the evaluation of gallbladder carcinomas (GBC).MethodsA prospective cohort of patients with suspicion of or confirmed GBC was studied with FDG‐PET/CT. Diagnostic accuracy parameters were calculated in comparison with pathology and/or the clinical course of patients. Clinical impact of PET/CT imaging was estimated.ResultsForty‐nine patients were enrolled (34 malignant tumors, 15 benign lesions; 37 staging, 12 restaging). Overall diagnostic accuracy was 95.9% for the diagnosis of the primary lesion, 85.7% for lymph node involvement and 95.9% for metastatic disease. Mean SUVmax in malignant gallbladder lesions was 7.92 ± 6.25 Analysis of ROC curves showed a SUVmax cut‐off value of 3.62 for malignancy (S: 78.1%; Sp: 88.2%). Diagnostic accuracy in the restaging group reached 100%. FDG‐PET/CT changed the management of 22.4% of the population.CommentsDiagnosis of malignancy or benignity of suspicious gallbladder lesions is accurately made with FDG PET/CT, allowing a precise staging of GBC due to its ability to identify unsuspected metastatic disease. SUVmax has a complementary role in addition to visual analysis. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 109:218–224. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Long‐term results of endoscopic resection for type I gastric neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Uygun Ahmet , Kadayifci Abdurrahman , Polat Zulfikar , Yilmaz Kemalettin , Gunal Armagan , Demir Hakan , Bagci Sait 
Published: October 2013

BackgroundA number of different therapies, including endoscopic resection, have been suggested for the treatment of Type 1 gastric neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). The current study aimed to determine the long‐term efficacy of endoscopic resection for Type 1 gastric NETs.MethodsTwenty‐two patients (from 1999 to 2012) with Type 1 gastric NETs were included in the study. All patients were treated with endoscopic resection and received regular followed‐up appointments at a tertiary referral center.ResultsAll patients were initially diagnosed with hypergastrinemia, atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. Polyps' diameters were >1 cm in 4 patients, and between 0.5 and 1 cm in 18 patients. All detectable lesions were successfully resected. One patient required surgery due to gastric perforation during endoscopic mucosal resection. Recurrence was detected in four patients (18%) and endoscopic resection was performed again. Local or distant metastasis was not observed in any patient during follow‐up. Median follow‐up time was 7 years, with a maximum of 14 years. Seventeen patients (78%) completed a 5‐year follow‐up period, and overall disease‐free survival rate was 100%.ConclusionsLong‐term follow‐ups with 22 patients suggest that endoscopic resection of Type 1 gastric NETs is a safe and effective treatment option with a relatively low recurrence rate. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 109:71–74. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lateral pelvic lymph node dissection can be omitted in lower rectal cancer in which the longest lateral pelvic and perirectal lymph node is less than 5 mm on MRI
Authors: Ogawa Shimpei , Itabashi Michio , Hirosawa Tomoichiro , Hashimoto Takuzo , Bamba Yoshiko , Kameoka Shingo 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe goal of the study was to examine the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for identification of patients with lower rectal cancer who may benefit from lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPLD).MethodsDiagnoses and oncological outcomes were examined in 160 cases. Patients in whom the long‐axis diameter of the longest detected lymph node was <5 mm or ≥5 mm were classified as LPLN(−) (n = 102) and LPLN(+) (n = 58), respectively.ResultsDiagnostic results gave a 21.6% positive predictive value (PPV) and a 95.0% negative predictive value (NPV) for the LPLN. These values were 59.6% and 91.5%, respectively, for the perirectal lymph node (PRLN). Multivariate analysis showed that a pathologic PRLN (pPRLN)(+) status was an independent prognostic factor for relapse‐free survival (RFS) (P = 0.0424) in the LPLN(−) group. The 5‐year RFS did not differ significantly between cases that did not and did undergo LPLD (90.0% vs. 83.8%) in the LPLN(−) and pPRLN(−) groups.ConclusionsThe low PPV and high NPV indicate that it is difficult to identify patients who may benefit from LPLD. However, the results show that LPLD has no benefit in LPLN(−) and PRLN(−) cases and that these cases can be identified based on MRI findings. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 109:227–233. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Palliative surgery in patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases: a propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Yoon Yong Sik , Kim Chan Wook , Lim Seok‐Byung , Yu Chang Sik , Kim So Yeon , Kim Tae Won , Kim Min‐Ju , Kim Jin Cheon 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesThe current study was primarily intended to determine the best surgical treatment for patients with unresectable liver metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). In addition, we assessed whether the improvement in survival resulting from palliative resection (PR) of the primary tumor was a function of the extent of liver metastasis.MethodsThe demographics, tumor characteristics, and survival outcomes of 261 patients who underwent palliative surgery for unresectable liver metastatic CRC were analyzed. A propensity‐score model was used to compare the group of patients receiving PR and non‐resection (NR).ResultsThere were 195 PR patients and 66 NR. The median survival of PR and NR patients was 21 months and 10 months, respectively (P < 0.001). In a Cox multivariate analysis of 51 propensity‐score matched pairs, PR resulted in longer survival than NR (Hazard Ratio for NR 1.481; 95% confidence interval: 1.003–2.185; P = 0.048). The extent of liver metastasis only led to better survival of PR than NR patients among patients with limited liver metastasis not among those with extensive liver metastasis (P = 0.001).ConclusionsPR appears to result in better survival than NR when the patient's overall condition permits an aggressive approach, especially in patients with limited liver metastases. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 109:239–244. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Is cartilage conduction classified into air or bone conduction?
Authors: Nishimura Tadashi , Hosoi Hiroshi , Saito Osamu , Miyamae Ryosuke , Shimokura Ryota , Matsui Toshie , Yamanaka Toshiaki , Levitt Harry 
Published: October 2013

Objectives/HypothesisThe aim of this study was to establish the sound transmission characteristics of cartilage conduction proposed by Hosoi (2004), which is available by a vibration signal delivered to the aural cartilage from a transducer.Study DesignExperimental study.MethodEight volunteers with normal hearing participated. Thresholds at frequencies of 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz for air conduction, bone, and cartilage conductions were measured with and without an earplug. The sound pressure levels on the eardrum at the threshold estimated with a Head and Torso Simulator were compared between air and cartilage conductions. The force levels calibrated with an artificial mastoid at the threshold were compared between bone and cartilage conductions.ResultsThe difference in the estimated sound pressure levels on the eardrum at the thresholds between air and cartilage conductions were within 10 dB. In contrast, the force levels at the thresholds for cartilage conduction were remarkably lower than those for bone conduction. These findings suggested that sounds were probably transmitted via the eardrum for cartilage conduction. The threshold shifts by an earplug showed no significant difference between bone and cartilage conductions at 0.5 kHz. At 1 and 2 kHz, the threshold‐shifts increased significantly in the order of bone, cartilage, and air conductions. These results suggested that airborne sound induced by the vibration of the cartilaginous portion of the ear canal played a significant role in sound transmission for cartilage conduction.ConclusionsCartilage conduction has different characteristics from conventional air and bone conductions.Level of EvidenceN/A. Laryngoscope, 124:1214–1219, 2014
Paradoxical vocal fold motion disorder in the elite athlete: Experience at a large division I university
Authors: Marcinow Anna M. , Thompson Jennifer , Chiang Tendy , Forrest L. Arick , deSilva Brad W. 
Published: October 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo review our experience at a large division I university with the diagnosis and management of paradoxical vocal fold motion disorder (PVFMD) in elite athletes.Study DesignA single institution retrospective review and cohort analysis.MethodsAll elite athletes (division I collegiate athletes, triathletes, and marathon runners) with a diagnosis of PVFMD were identified. All patients underwent flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy (FFL) to confirm the diagnosis of PVFMD. The type of PVFMD therapy was identified and efficacy of treatment was graded based on symptom resolution.ResultsForty‐six consecutive athletes with PVFMD were identified. A total of 30/46 (65%) were division 1 collegiate athletes and 16/46 (35%) were triathletes or marathon runners. In comparison to a nonathlete PVFMD cohort, athletes were less likely to present with a history of reflux (P < 0.01), psychiatric diagnosis (P < 0.01), dysphonia (P < 0.01), cough (P = 0.02), or dysphagia (P < 0.01). The use of postexertion FFL provided additional diagnostic information in 11 (24%) patients. Laryngeal control therapy (LCT) was recommended for 45/46. A total of 36/45 attended at least one LCT session and 25 (69%) reported improvement of symptoms. Additionally, biofeedback, practice‐observed therapy, and thyroarytenoid muscle botulinum toxin injection were required in three, two, and two patients, respectively.ConclusionThe addition of postexertion FFL improves the sensitivity to detect PVFMD in athletes. PVFMD in athletes responds well to LCT. However, biofeedback, practice‐observed therapy, and botulinum toxin injection may be required for those patients with an inadequate response to therapy.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 124:1425–1430, 2014
Effects of calcium and vitamin D3 on transforming growth factors in rectal mucosa of sporadic colorectal adenoma patients: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tu Huakang , Flanders W. Dana , Ahearn Thomas U. , Daniel Carrie R. , Gonzalez‐Feliciano Amparo G. , Long Qi , Rutherford Robin E. , Bostick Roberd M. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractTransforming growth factor alpha (TGFα) and TGFβ1 are growth‐promoting and ‐inhibiting autocrine/paracrine growth factors, respectively, that may (1) affect risk for colorectal cancer and (2) be modifiable by anti‐proliferative exposures. The effects of supplemental calcium and vitamin D3 on these two markers in the normal‐appearing colorectal mucosa in humans are unknown. We conducted a pilot, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, 2 × 2 factorial clinical trial (n = 92; 23/treatment group) of calcium 2 g and/or vitamin D3 800 IU/d versus placebo over 6 mo. TGFα and TGFβ1 expression was measured in biopsies of normal‐appearing rectal mucosa using automated immunohistochemistry and quantitative image analysis at baseline and 6‐mo follow‐up. In the calcium, vitamin D3, and calcium plus vitamin D3 groups relative to the placebo group (1) the mean overall expression of TGFβ1 increased by 14% (P = 0.25), 19% (P = 0.17), and 22% (P = 0.09); (2) the ratio of TGFα expression in the upper 40% (differentiation zone) to that in the lower 60% (proliferation zone) of the crypts decreased by 34% (P = 0.11), 31% (P = 0.22), and 26% (P = 0.33); and (3) the TGFα/TGFβ1 ratio in the upper 40% of the crypts decreased by 28% (P = 0.09), 14% (P = 0.41), and 22% (P = 0.24), respectively. These preliminary results, although not statistically significant, suggest that supplemental calcium and vitamin D3 may increase TGFβ1 expression and shift TGFα expression downward from the differentiation to the proliferation zone in the crypts in the normal‐appearing colorectal mucosa of sporadic colorectal adenoma patients, and support further investigation in a larger clinical trial. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The optimal duration of frequency‐volume charts related to compliance and reliability
Authors: van Haarst Ernst P. , Bosch J. L. H. Ruud 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAimsTo assess Frequency–volume charts (FVCs) for the yield of additional recorded days and the ideal duration of recording related to compliance and reliability.MethodsOf 500 consecutive urologic outpatients willing to complete a 7‐day FVC, 378 FVCs were evaluable. During seven consecutive days every voiding time and volume were recorded. Missed entries were indicated with a coded letter, thereby assessing the true frequency and compliance. Reliability is the agreement of the day‐to‐day FVC parameters with the 7‐day FVC pattern. Single‐day reliability was assessed and used in the Spearman–Brown formula.ResultsFVCs of 228 male and 150 females were evaluated. Mean age was 55.2 years (standard deviation [SD]: 16.2 years), and mean 24‐hr urine production was 1,856 ml (SD: 828 ml). The percentage of patients with complete FVCs decreased from 78% on day 2 to 58% on day 7, and dropped below 70% after 4 days. Single‐day reliability was r = 0.63 for nocturnal urine production, r = 0.72 for 24‐hr urine production, and r = 0.80 for mean voided volume. At 5 days, reliability of 90% was achieved for all parameters.ConclusionsWith each additional day, FVCs showed a decrease in compliance and an increase in reliability. At day 3, reliability of 80% was achieved for all FVC parameters, but compliance dropped to 73%. Beyond 5 days, the yield of additional recorded days was limited. We advocate an FVC duration of 3 days, but the duration may be shortened or extended depending on the goal of the FVC. Neurourol. Urodynam. 33:296–301, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Initial testing (stage 1) of the topoisomerase II inhibitor pixantrone, by the pediatric preclinical testing program
Authors: Kurmasheva Raushan T. , Reynolds C. Patrick , Kang Min H. , Allievi Cecilia , Houghton Peter J. , Smith Malcolm A. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractPixantrone, a novel aza‐anthracenedione with cytotoxic activity, was tested against the PPTP in vitro panel (3.0 nM to 30.0 μM) and against a limited panel of PPTP Wilms tumors and sarcomas (7.5 mg/kg) administered intravenously using an every 4 day × 3 schedule. In vitro pixantrone showed a median relative IC50 value of 54 nM (range <3 nM to 1.03 μM). In vivo pixantrone induced significant differences in EFS distribution compared to controls in two of eight solid tumor xenografts at dose levels relevant to human drug exposure. A complete response was observed for one Wilms tumor xenograft. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:922–924. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.