bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Nutritional Status of Nepalese Hemodialysis Patients by Anthropometric Examinations and Modified Quantitative Subjective Global Assessment
Authors: Sedhain Arun , Hada Rajani , Agrawal Rajendra Kumar , Bhattarai Gandhi R. , Baral Anil 
Published: August 2015

Objective To assess the nutritional status of patients on maintenance hemodialysis by using modified quantitative subjective global assessment (MQSGA) and anthropometric measurements. Method We Conducted a cross sectional descriptive analytical study to assess the nutritional status of fifty four patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing maintenance hemodialysis by using MQSGA and different anthropometric and laboratory measurements like body mass index (BMI), mid-arm circumference (MAC), mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC), triceps skin fold (TSF) and biceps skin fold (BSF), serum albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and lipid profile in a government tertiary hospital at Kathmandu, Nepal. Results Based on MQSGA criteria, 66.7% of the patients suffered from mild to moderate malnutrition and 33.3% were well nourished. None of the patients were severely malnourished. CRP was positive in 56.3% patients. Serum albumin, MAC and BMI were (mean + SD) 4.0 + 0.3 mg/dl, 22 + 2.6 cm and 19.6 ± 3.2 kg/m2 respectively. MQSGA showed negative correlation with MAC ( r = −0.563; P = < 0.001), BMI ( r = −0.448; P = < 0.001), MAMC ( r = −0.506; P = < .0001), TSF ( r = −0.483; P = < .0002), and BSF ( r = −0.508; P = < 0.0001). Negative correlation of MQSGA was also found with total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol without any statistical significance. Conclusion Mild to moderate malnutrition was found to be present in two thirds of the patients undergoing hemodialysis. Anthropometric measurements like BMI, MAC, MAMC, BSF and TSF were negatively correlated with MQSGA. Anthropometric and laboratory assessment tools could be used for nutritional assessment as they are relatively easier, cheaper and practical markers of nutritional status.
Ponerse a cantar. Modos de autorrepresentación del poeta cantor en El gaucho Martín Fierro y en El guacho Martín Fierro.
Authors: Ramallo Carolina 
Published: August 2015

En el presente artículo se busca relevar y analizar de forma comparada los modos en que la figura del poeta cantor es representada en El gaucho Martín Fierro de José Hernández (publicado en 1872) y en El guacho Martín Fierro de Oscar Fariña (2011). Prestamos especial atención al modo en que se formula e intenta contestar la pregunta acerca de quién puede hablar desde la posición de cantor, es decir, desde un saber autorizado por la experiencia y especializado técnica y estéticamente. De este modo, exploramos las maneras en que en ambos textos se producen relaciones complejas con la otredad que permiten un productivo uso del lenguaje.
Evaluation of Laboratory Procedures to Quantify the Neutral Detergent Fiber Content in Forage, Concentrate, and Ruminant Feces
Authors: Barbosa Marcília Medrado , Detmann Edenio , Rocha Gabriel Cipriano , Franco Marcia de Oliveira , Filho Sebastião de Campos Valadares 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A comparison was made of measurements of neutral detergent fiber concentrations obtained with AOAC Method 2002.04 and modified methods using pressurized environments or direct use of industrial heat-stable α-amylase in samples of forage (n = 37), concentrate (n = 30), and ruminant feces (n = 39). The following method modifications were tested: AOAC Method 2002.04 with replacement of the reflux apparatus with an autoclave or Ankom220® extractor and F57 filter bags, and AOAC Method 2002.04 with replacement of the standardization procedures for α-amylase by a single addition of industrial α-amylase [250 μL of Termamyl 2X 240 Kilo Novo Units (KNU)-T/g] prior to heating the neutral detergent solution. For the feces and forage samples, the results obtained with the modified methods with an autoclave or modification of α-amylase use were similar to those obtained using AOAC Method 2002.04, but the use of the Ankom220 extractor resulted in overestimated values. For the concentrate samples, the modified methods using an autoclave or Ankom220 extractor resulted in positive systematic errors. However, the method using industrial α-amylase resulted in systematic error and slope bias despite that the obtained values were close to those obtained with AOAC Method 2002.04.
Comparison of Column Solid-Phase Extraction Procedures for Spectrophotometric Determination of E129 (Allura Red) in Foodstuff, Pharmaceutical, and Energy Drink Samples
Authors: Bişgin Abdullah Taner , Uçan Mustafa , Narin İbrahim 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Two novel spectrophotometric determination procedures based on retention of Allura Red onto Amberlite XAD-1180 and XAD-16 resins for its preconcentration, purification, and separation were developed. Analytical parameters of the methods including pH, eluent type, sample volume, and sample and eluent flow rates, were investigated and optimized. Interference effects of some cations, anions, and widely used food dyes were also investigated. Detection limits of the two methods were found to be 1.2 and 1.5 μg/L for XAD-1180 and XAD-16 columns, respectively, under optimum conditions. Linear calibration curve ranges of the methods were 0.4–8.0 and 0.5–6.0 μg/mL of Allura Red for XAD-1180 and XAD-16 resins, respectively. Preconcentration factors were found as 80 for both the XAD-1180 and XAD-16 columns using maximum sample volume and minimum eluent volume. RSDs of the methods were below 6% throughout all experiments. All absorbance measurements were performed at 506 nm. Validations of the methods were performed comparatively with determination of the Allura Red contents of some foodstuff, pharmaceutical, and energy drink samples. Allura Red concentrations in investigated solid and liquid samples ranged from 298 to 501 μg/g and 53.8 to 508 μg/mL, respectively. Satisfactory results were obtained from the real samples analysis. Allura Red contents of samples were determined to be highly similar using the two extraction methods. Comparisons of the methods were performed by analysis of Allura Red contents of the real samples. In addition to analytical parameters, adsorption isotherm studies were performed for the two kinds of Amberlite resins. It was observed that developed methods fit the linear form of the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model. All of the experimental results suggested that the developed SPE procedures are suitable for separation, preconcentration, and determination of Allura Red in solid and liquid matrixes.
HPLC Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Bakuchiol and Minor Furocoumarins in Bakuchiol Extract from Psoralea corylifolia
Authors: Jeong Mijeong , Hong Thao , Lee Kangwoo , Hwangbo Hyunjung , Kim Minjung , Ma Wenwen , Zahn Michael 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A simple, sensitive, and rapid HPLC method was developed to analyze bakuchiol and two furocoumarins (psoralen and angelicin) simultaneously in bakuchiol extracts from Psoralea corylifolia seeds. The analysis was performed within 30 min on a phenyl-hexyl column using gradient elution with a mobile phase composed of water and methanol with UV detection at 260 nm for bakuchiol and 246 nm for psoralen and angelicin. The method was validated with respect to linearity (r2 &gt; 0.99 for all components), accuracy (&gt;95% for all components), and precision (&lt;2% RSD for both interday and intraday). Sensitivity of impurity detection in the sample was achieved as low as 0.36 and 0.31 μg/mL for psoralen and angelicin, respectively. Therefore, the method is suitable for QC of P. corylifolia extracts and bakuchiol related samples.
Simultaneous Determination of 10 Ultratrace Elements in Infant Formula, Adult Nutritionals, and Milk Products by ICP/MS After Pressure Digestion: Single-Laboratory Validation
Authors: Dubascoux Stephane , Nicolas Marine , Rime Celine Fragniere , Payot Janique Richoz , Poitevin Eric 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A single-laboratory validation (SLV) is presented for the simultaneous determination of 10 ultratrace elements (UTEs) including aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), lead (Pb), selenium (Se), and tin (Sn) in infant formulas, adult nutritionals, and milk based products by inductively coupled plasma (ICP)/MS after acidic pressure digestion. This robust and routine multielemental method is based on several official methods with modifications of sample preparation using either microwave digestion or high pressure ashing and of analytical conditions using ICP/MS with collision cell technology. This SLV fulfills AOAC method performance criteria in terms of linearity, specificity, sensitivity, precision, and accuracy and fully answers most international regulation limits for trace contaminants and/or recommended nutrient levels established for 10 UTEs in targeted matrixes.
Direct Bioautography as a High-Throughput Screening Method for the Detection of Antibacterial Components from Plant Sources
Authors: Móricz Ágnes M , Ott Péter G 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The applicability of direct bioautography, the combination of planar chromatography with antimicrobial assay, is demonstrated with special emphasis on its recent developments such as BioArena and the use of genetically modified luminescent bacteria. Its methodological advancement is put into a historical perspective. In comparison with other commonly used antimicrobial susceptibility tests, the main advantage of direct bioautography resides in its simplicity, rapidity, and ability to detect separated individual matrix components exhibiting antimicrobial activity in situ. It is confirmed with examples that high-throughput direct bioautography is suitable as a biomonitoring-screening system for bioassay-guided isolation.
Antioxidant Activity of Selected Thyme (Thymus L.) Species and Study of the Equivalence of Different Measuring Methodologies
Authors: Orłowska Marta , Kowalska Teresa , Sajewicz Mieczysław , Pytlakowska Katarzyna , Bartoszek Mariola , Polak Justyna , Waksmundzka-Hajnos Monika 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This study presents the results of comparative evaluation of the antioxidant activity of the phenolic fraction exhaustively extracted with aqueous methanol from 18 different thyme (Thymus L.) specimens and species. This evaluation is made with use of the same free radical source (DPPH• radical), three different free radical scavenging models (gallic acid, ascorbic acid, and Trolox), and three different measuring techniques (the dot blot test, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, EPR). A comparison of the equivalence of these three different measuring techniques (performed with use of hierarchical clustering with Euclidean distance as a similarity measure and Ward's linkage) is particularly important in view of the fact that different laboratories use different antioxidant activity measuring techniques, which makes any interlaboratory comparison hardly possible. The results obtained confirm a semiquantitative equivalence among the three compared methodologies, and a proposal is made of a simple and cost-effective dot blot test that uses the DPPH• radical and provides differentiation of antioxidant activity of herbal matter comparable with the results of the UV-Vis spectrophotometry and EPR.
La reconnaissance de représentativité comme source d’intégration ? L’Union syndicale Solidaires à la recherche d’un positionnement original
Authors: Béroud Sophie , Denis Jean-Michel 
Published: August 2015

Constituée à la fin des années 1990, l’Union syndicale Solidaires a pris une part importante dans les mobilisations sociales. Au travers de ses syndicats SUD, elle apparaît comme l’une des composantes radicales du mouvement syndical en France, tout comme l’un des acteurs majeurs dans la contestation des effets de la crise économique et des politiques de rigueur. Cet article montre que, tout en jouant un rôle important dans la contestation sociale, l’Union syndicale Solidaires (USS) est également engagée dans un processus de reconnaissance de sa représentativité et de sa place dans le système de relations professionnelles. Pour faire vivre le syndicalisme combatif qu’elle entend défendre, l’organisation est, en effet, obligée de gagner en audience et en visibilité. Tout en contestant les règles du système de relations professionnelles, tel qu’elles bénéficiaient aux acteurs dominants au sein de ce dernier, Solidaires réclamait un changement de celles-ci. La réforme des règles de représentativité, lancée en 2008, a été de ce point de vue plutôt positive pour l’Union. Cependant, elle a engendré des dynamiques ambivalentes en son sein : elle a facilité les conditions d’implantation de ses syndicats dans le secteur privé, tout en l’obligeant à rationaliser ses structures, mais aussi ses pratiques, dans un souci d’efficacité. Une tension existe ainsi entre, d’un côté, une stratégie de développement syndical pensée d’une certaine façon « à froid », non plus dans les phases de mobilisation sociale, mais davantage en lien avec les opportunités créées par le nouveau régime de représentativité et, de l’autre, l’importance de certains référents identitaires très présents dans l’organisation (reconnaissance de l’autonomie des structures de base, refus de toute centralisation, critique des permanents syndicaux).
Salaires et productivité du travail au Canada depuis le début du 20e siècle : les travailleurs bénéficient-ils de la croissance économique?
Authors: Rouillard Jacques , Rouillard Jean-François 
Published: August 2015

Notre article évalue la croissance des salaires réels des travailleurs au Canada du début du 20e siècle jusqu’à 2013, en considérant à la fois les salaires des travailleurs syndiqués et non syndiqués. Cette évolution est mise en relation avec la hausse de la productivité du travail afin de vérifier la théorie de l’économiste Robert Solow voulant que la croissance des salaires réels progresse au même rythme que la productivité du travail. Nous relevons l’évolution des salaires en trois temps selon les modes dominants de régulation des relations de travail : 1900-1939, 1940-1979 et 1980-2013. La première phase, celle du libéralisme, est marquée par la négociation individuelle des conditions de travail et l’amorce de la syndicalisation. La deuxième se situe dans la mouvance keynésienne et est caractérisée par le militantisme syndical et l’aide de l’État. La troisième, qui s’inscrit dans l’affirmation du néolibéralisme, voit le recul du syndicalisme et de l’appui apporté par les gouvernements. De notre analyse, il ressort que trois importants facteurs influencent la détermination des salaires : 1-la croissance économique ; 2-l’action de l’État ; et 3- le militantisme syndical.
Notre recherche montre que les salaires réels moyens des travailleurs au Canada n’ont guère augmenté au-delà de l’inflation depuis les trois dernières décennies malgré un accroissement de la productivité du travail. Ce quasi-gel du pouvoir d’achat des travailleurs est notamment attribuable à des transformations du marché du travail, à l’érosion du rapport de force des salariés dans les entreprises et aux valeurs néolibérales qui s’imposent auprès des gouvernements.
En revanche, les années antérieures se présentent sous un tout autre jour puisque les salariés profitent de la croissance économique et de la hausse de la productivité du travail. Depuis la Deuxième Guerre mondiale, leur pouvoir d’achat fait plus que doubler, en même temps qu’ils peuvent bénéficier d’une réduction de leurs heures de travail et de nombreux autres avantages sociaux. Cet avancement est le résultat de la forte croissance économique, de la hausse du taux de syndicalisation et de politiques gouvernementales keynésiennes axées sur la stimulation de la consommation. De 1901 à 1940, les salariés profitèrent également du développement industriel, même si les rapports qui déterminent l’embauche et les conditions de travail sont surtout de nature individuelle basés sur les lois du marché. Au cours de cette période, l’action de l’État demeure marginale, mais des syndicats réussissent à imposer la négociation collective.
Skin care of the newborn: the state of art
Authors: Santos Simone Vidal , Costa Roberta 
Published: August 2015

Objetivo: Conhecer o estado da arte sobre os cuidados com a pele do recém-nascido. Método: Revisão integrativa de literatura. A busca dos artigos foi realizada nas bases de dados Medline, Lilacs e BDENF, sendo selecionados para análise dezoito artigos publicados entre os anos de 2009 e 2013. Resultados: Existe uma variedade de orientações, que podem ser utilizadas pelos profissionais de saúde no cuidado com a pele do recém-nascido. Ressalta-se que os tópicos mais abordados foram: causas de lesões, cuidado de enfermagem na prevenção de lesões, manuseio adequado do recém-nascido, avaliação da pele, prevenção de perda de água transepidérmica, termorregulação, uso de emolientes e antissépticos, banho, adesivos, fixação de dispositivos, prevenção de úlceras por pressão, cuidados com punções e tratamento de lesões. Conclusão: Os resultados desta pesquisa possibilitam a atualização do tema, propiciando uma assistência humanizada, individualizada, qualificada, que garanta a segurança do paciente neonatal.
Scientific production on the elderly person undergoing palliative care: bibliometric study
Authors: Duarte Marcella Costa Souto , Costa Solange Fátima Geraldo da , Morais Gilvânia Smith da Nóbrega , França Jael Rúbia Figueiredo de Sá , Fernandes Maria Andréa , Lopes Maria Emília Limeira 
Published: August 2015

Objetivo: Caracterizar a produção científica divulgada em periódicos online sobre a pessoa idosa em cuidados paliativos. Método: Estudo bibliométrico constituído de 46 artigos publicados nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE e IBECS, e nas bibliotecas digitais SciELO e COCHRANE, no período de 2004 a 2014. Resultados: Identificou-se uma concentração de títulos em revistas especializadas em cuidados paliativos, com procedência do Brasil, Estados Unidos e Reino Unido, em Qualis A1, A2 e B1. As áreas de Enfermagem e Medicina obtiveram maior quantitativo de publicações. Houve predominância de autores com o título de Doutor. Quanto ao enfoque da doença, 90% dos estudos estavam relacionados ao câncer. Conclusão: As publicações acerca da temática investigada apresentam um quantitativo pouco expressivo, considerando o período pesquisado. Sugere-se a realização de novos estudos tendo como método a pesquisa bibliométrica, para que outros indicadores possam emergir e suscitar a ampliação do conhecimento sobre o tema.
Chiral Substituted 3‐Formylfurans from Carbohydrates: An Expedient Route via N‐Bromosuccinimide (NBS)‐Mediated Electrophilic Cyclization
Authors: Mal Kanchan , Kaur Amanpreet , Das Indrajit 
Published: August 2015

AbstractChiral, substituted 3‐formylfurans have found widespread applications as synthetic intermediates and are key structural motifs in a variety of bioactive natural products. However, methods for their preparation are scant. We report herein an efficient and general route to synthesize them from suitably protected 2‐iodoenones derived from glycals. The synthetic protocol involves Heck coupling between substituted 2‐iodoenones and olefins followed by N‐bromosuccinimide (NBS)‐mediated electrophilic cyclization sequence, using H2O as a nucleophile. Similarly, a fully substituted chiral 3‐formylfuran can be prepared utilizing a two‐step approach starting with β‐methylstyrene as an olefinic partner in the Heck coupling. Further, to demonstrate the potential of our method, we have synthesized a furo[3,2‐c]pyran derivative and a fully protected chiral furan.
Thoracotomy for blunt chest trauma: is chest tube output a useful criterion?
Authors: Mizushima Yasuaki , Nakao Shota , Watanabe Hiroaki , Matsuoka Tetsuya 
Published: August 2015

AimThe aim of this study was to determine whether the traditional criteria of chest tube output are useful indicators for urgent thoracotomy in patients with blunt chest trauma.MethodsData were collected retrospectively from our trauma registry of 542 blunt chest trauma patients (Chest Abbreviated Injury Scale score of 3 or greater) over a 10‐year period (2000–2010). The 1‐h chest tube output was calculated from chest tube output and time after admission, and the results were compared between patients who underwent thoracotomy for hemorrhage and those who did not.ResultsData were available for 24 patients who underwent thoracotomy for hemorrhage and 93 patients who did not undergo thoracotomy. The 1‐h chest tube output between the groups was significantly different (708.0 ± 258.3 mL versus 108.9 ± 222.9 mL). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the predictive value of 1‐h chest tube output for thoracotomy was conducted. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.98, and the cutoff 1‐h chest tube output value for predicting thoracotomy was 404 mL (sensitivity, 87.5%; specificity, 96.8%).ConclusionsThe 1‐h chest tube output of patients who underwent thoracotomy was lower than the thresholds traditionally reported as indications for urgent thoracotomy. High chest tube output as a traditional indicator for thoracotomy may not apply to patients with blunt chest trauma.
The Effect of DNA Sequence Directionality on G‐Quadruplex Folding
Authors: Marušič Maja , Plavec Janez 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSequence inversion in G‐rich DNA from 5′→3′ to 3′→5′ exerts a substantial effect on the number of structures formed, while the type of G‐quadruplex fold is in fact determined by the presence of K+ or Na+ ions. The melting temperatures of G‐quadruplexes adopted by oligonucleotides with sequences in the 5′→3′ direction are higher than those of their 3′→5′ counterparts with both KCl and NaCl. CD, UV, and NMR spectroscopy demonstrates the importance of primary sequence for the structural diversity of G‐quadruplexes. The changes introduced by mere sequence reversal of the G‐rich DNA segment have a substantial impact on the polymorphic nature of the resulting G‐quadruplexes and their potential physiological roles. The insights resulting from this study should enable extension of the empirical rules for the prediction of G‐quadruplex topology.
[Cr(ddpd)2]3+: A Molecular, Water‐Soluble, Highly NIR‐Emissive Ruby Analogue
Authors: Otto Sven , Grabolle Markus , Förster Christoph , Kreitner Christoph , Resch‐Genger Ute , Heinze Katja 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBright, long‐lived emission from first‐row transition‐metal complexes is very challenging to achieve. Herein, we present a new strategy relying on the rational tuning of energy levels. With the aid of the large N‐Cr‐N bite angle of the tridentate ligand ddpd (N,N′‐dimethyl‐N,N′‐dipyridine‐2‐ylpyridine‐2,6‐diamine) and its strong σ‐donating capabilities, a very large ligand‐field splitting could be introduced in the chromium(III) complex [Cr(ddpd)2]3+, that shifts the deactivating and photoreactive 4T2 state well above the emitting 2E state. Prevention of back‐intersystem crossing from the 2E to the 4T2 state enables exceptionally high near‐infrared phosphorescence quantum yields and lifetimes for this 3d metal complex. The complex [Cr(ddpd)2](BF4)3 is highly water‐soluble and very stable towards thermal and photo‐induced substitution reactions and can be used for fluorescence intensity‐ and lifetime‐based oxygen sensing in the NIR.