bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation and Anteromedialization for Isolated Patellar Articular Cartilage Lesions
Authors: Gillogly Scott D. , Arnold Ryan M. 
Published: February 2014

Background: Isolated chondral lesions of the patella are particularly challenging to treat, and long-term studies of treated isolated patellar lesions are limited. Previous short-term studies have reported favorable outcomes of autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) of the patella and/or trochlea, with a trend toward improvement when anteromedialization (AMZ) of the tibial tubercle was performed with the procedure. Hypothesis: Autologous chondrocyte implantation with concomitant AMZ for symptomatic isolated patellar lesions provides functional and symptomatic improvement in patients at a minimum 5-year follow-up. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Patients with failed primary treatment of isolated patellar full-thickness articular cartilage defects and patellofemoral malalignment who were treated with ACI and AMZ of the tibial tubercle at least 5 years prior were contacted for final postoperative outcome scores. Outcome scales including the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Lysholm, modified Cincinnati Knee Rating System, and 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) scores were assessed at baseline and final follow-up. Results: Of 27 eligible patients, 23 (25 knees) were available for assessment at a mean follow-up of 7.6 years (range, 5.1-11.4 years). Significant improvements from baseline to final follow-up were observed in the IKDC score (from 42.5 to 75.7; P < .0001), modified Cincinnati Knee Rating System score (from 3.0 to 7.0; P < .0001), Lysholm score (from 40.2 to 79.3; P < .0001), and SF-12 score (physical component score: from 41.2 to 47.6; P = .002; mental component score: from 48.1 to 60.7; P = .0001). Most patients (83%; 19/23) rated their surgery as good or excellent. The overall reoperation rate was 40% (10/25) largely because of periosteal hypertrophy (33%). One patient failed at 5.9 years postoperatively and underwent patellofemoral arthroplasty. Conclusion: Combined ACI and AMZ resulted in significant improvements in symptoms and function with a low incidence of adverse events in patients with isolated symptomatic patellar chondral defects after a mean follow-up of more than 7 years.
Are Multiple Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections Useful for Treatment of Chronic Patellar Tendinopathy in Athletes?
Authors: Charousset Christophe , Zaoui Amine , Bellaiche Laurence , Bouyer Benjamin 
Published: February 2014

Background: Chronic patellar tendinopathy (PT) is one of the most common overuse knee disorders. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) appears to be a reliable nonoperative therapy for chronic PT. Purpose: To evaluate clinical and radiological outcomes of 3 consecutive ultrasound (US)–guided PRP injections for the treatment of chronic PT in athletes. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A total of 28 athletes (17 professional, 11 semiprofessional) with chronic PT refractory to nonoperative management were prospectively included for US-guided pure PRP injections into the site of the tendinopathy. The same treating physician at a single institution performed 3 consecutive injections 1 week apart, with the same PRP preparation used. All patients underwent clinical evaluation, including the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment–Patella (VISA-P) score, visual analog scales (VAS) for pain, and Lysholm knee scale before surgery and after return to practice sports. Tendon healing was assessed with MRI at 1 and 3 months after the procedure. Results: The VISA-P, VAS, and Lysholm scores all significantly improved at the 2-year follow-up. The average preprocedure VISA-P, VAS, and Lysholm scores improved from 39 to 94 ( P < .001), 7 to 0.8 ( P < .0001), and 60 to 96 ( P < .001), respectively, at the 2-year follow-up. Twenty-one of the 28 athletes returned to their presymptom sporting level at 3 months (range, 2-6 months) after the procedure. Follow-up MRI assessment showed improved structural integrity of the tendon at 3 months after the procedure and complete return to normal structural integrity of the tendon in 16 patients (57%). Seven patients did not recover their presymptom sporting level (among them, 6 were considered treatment failures): 3 patients returned to sport at a lesser level, 1 patient changed his sport activity (for other reasons), and 3 needed surgical intervention. Conclusion: In this study, application of 3 consecutive US-guided PRP injections significantly improved symptoms and function in athletes with chronic PT and allowed fast recovery to their presymptom sporting level. The PRP treatment permitted a return to a normal architecture of the tendon as assessed by MRI.
The Efficacy of Biceps Tenodesis in the Treatment of Failed Superior Labral Anterior Posterior Repairs
Authors: McCormick Frank , Nwachukwu Benedict U. , Solomon Dan , Dewing Christopher , Golijanin Petar , Gross Daniel J. , Provencher Matthew T. 
Published: February 2014

Background: The incidence and arthroscopic treatment of superior labral anterior posterior (SLAP) tears have increased over the past decade. Recent evidence has identified factors associated with poor outcomes, including age, overhead activity, and concomitant rotator cuff tears. Biceps tenodesis has also been suggested as an alternative treatment to repair. Moreover, there are no studies demonstrating effective treatment strategies for failed type II SLAP repairs. Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the surgical outcomes of biceps tenodesis for patients who undergo elected revision surgery after an arthroscopically repaired type II SLAP tear. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: After institutional review board approval, 46 patients who met failure criteria for an arthroscopically repaired type II SLAP tear elected to undergo open subpectoral tenodesis by 2 fellowship-trained surgeons from 2006 to 2010 at a tertiary care military treatment facility. Objective outcomes were preoperative and postoperative assessments with the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), and Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) scores and an independent physical examination. Statistical analysis was performed via analysis of variance. Results: Of the 46 patients, 42 completed the study (91% follow-up rate). The mean age of the patients was 39.2 years, 85% were male, and the mean follow-up period was 3.5 years (range, 2.0-6.0 years). The rate of return to active duty and sports was 81%. There was a clinically and statistically significant improvement across all outcome assessments after revision surgery (preoperative mean scores: ASES = 68, SANE = 64, WOSI = 65; postoperative mean scores: ASES = 89, SANE = 84, WOSI = 81) ( P < .0001) and shoulder range of motion (preoperative mean values: forward flexion = 135°, abduction = 125°; postoperative mean values: forward flexion = 155°, abduction = 155°) ( P < .0001). There was 1 case of transient musculocutaneous nerve neurapraxia. Conclusion: Biceps tenodesis is a predictable, safe, and effective treatment for failed arthroscopic SLAP tears at a minimum 2-year follow-up. The majority of patients obtained good to excellent outcomes using validated measures with a significant improvement in range of motion.
Pharmacists Levels of Emotionality and Career Success Correlates
Authors: Lonie John M. , Marzella Nino , Perry Richard , Shah Bupendra , Jariwala Jesal 
Published: February 2014

Objective: The objectives of this study were to (1) examine the relationships between Emotional Thinking Scale (ETS) scores and demographic variables such as income, years worked as a pharmacist, and hours worked per week and (2) determine the distribution of ETS scores among this sample of pharmacists. These objectives are significant to explore because they may provide important data regarding effective and ineffective pharmacist work-related behaviors that affect career and life success. Method: A convenience sample of practicing pharmacists was selected. Participants completed the 8-item ETS and a demographic survey. The ETS predicts how an individual’s thoughts might influence his or her emotions and behaviors. Researchers analyzed participant’s ETS scores with his or her demographic responses. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. Results: One hundred twenty-five pharmacists completed the survey. Twenty-one percent of the sample scored between slightly high and very extremely high on the ETS. “often being incapacitated by strong feelings” correlated negatively with annual income r = −.309 ( P = .008); “relying on feelings to deal with complex situations” correlated negatively with annual income r = −.253 ( P = .026), with the “number of years practicing pharmacy” r = −.317 ( P = .007), and “number of hours worked each week” r = −.317 ( P = .007); and “focusing on details thus losing the big picture” was correlated negatively with annual income r = .215 ( P = .05). These findings are consistent with the previous ETS research. Conclusion: The variables of interest in this study were negatively but significantly related. Emotional thinking scores decreased with pharmacy practice experience and may be counterproductive for career goals. Entry-level pharmacy education and continuing education programs may help develop self-awareness to this issue.
The impact of foreign ownership on gender and employment relations in large Japanese companies
Authors: Olcott George , Oliver Nick 
Published: February 2014

Despite two decades of stagnation in Japan since 1990, there is remarkably little evidence of radical change in Japanese economic institutions, including employment relations. However, Japan has seen a steady increase in foreign mergers and acquisitions, which can challenge existing institutional patterns. Women have traditionally been excluded from core membership of the Japanese corporate community. Drawing on case studies of several companies, some acquired, some not, this article examines the impact of foreign ownership on the role of women in the Japanese workplace. Although prospects for women improve at foreign-acquired companies, this is not necessarily accompanied by a change in attitudes towards gender. The article concludes that while a change of ownership can cause changes in practice, wider societal shifts will be required to alter significantly the position of women in Japanese enterprises.
Quality assessment of X-rays interpreted via teleradiology for Médecins Sans Frontières
Authors: Spijker Saskia , Andronikou Savvas , Kosack Cara , Wootton Richard , Bonnet Maryline , Lemmens Nathalie 
Published: February 2014

Summary Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) is a humanitarian organisation which provides emergency medical aid in challenging settings; field staff often diagnose and treat patients using limited resources and without the expertise of specialists. Teleradiology is available for MSF sites which use digital computed radiography (CR) imaging or conventional film and chemistry. We conducted a retrospective study of the quality of X-rays utilised by MSF for teleradiology diagnosis over a one-year period. All plain X-ray examinations referred for interpretation using two MSF teleradiology platforms in 2012 were assessed against 15 image criteria and further evaluated as being either diagnostic or non-diagnostic. The sites studied sent an average of 115 images (range 10-452). Images were a mixture of chest, skeletal and abdominal radiographs. The majority of the images were CR (n = 597, 74%). Three sites were MSF/Epicentre installed and operated (Epicentre is a research facility affiliated with MSF); five sites were operated by the ministry of health, imaging patients referred by MSF. The sites performing poorest for quality were all facilities which used film and chemistry (53% non-diagnostic images). The sites performing better for quality were facilities which used CR digital imaging (12% non-diagnostic images), two of which had also undergone radiographer training. Our study suggests that transitioning to CR digital imaging has the potential to improve image quality compared to film and chemistry. Radiography training should be made a priority for all sites with X-ray services. The continued utilisation of X-ray services by MSF where images have proven to be consistently poor should be re-considered.
Preoperative Maximal Oxygen Uptake and Exercise-induced Changes in Pulse Oximetry Predict Early Postoperative Respiratory Complications in Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Fang Y. , Ma G. , Lou N. , Liao W. , Wang D. 
Published: February 2014

Background: Postoperative respiratory complications often arise in lung cancer patients after lung resection, although these are often difficult to predict. We sought to identify reliable predictors of early-onset postoperative respiratory complications in lung cancer patients who had moderate-to-severe preoperative respiratory impairment. Methods: This was a prospective observational study that included 107 consecutive lung cancer patients with forced expiratory volume in 1 s <60% of predicted who were scheduled for thoracotomy and lung resection. Preoperative functional assessments included pulmonary function testing by spirometry, single breath diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monoxide, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Risk factors for early-onset postoperative respiratory complications that occurred within 30 days postoperatively were sought from among these pulmonary function testing and cardiopulmonary exercise testing results. Results: By multivariable logistic regression, peak oxygen uptake (V′O2max%; p < 0.001) and the transcutaneous pulse oxygen saturation difference during load exercise (ΔSPO2%; p < 0.001) were independent predictors of postoperative respiratory complications. A receiver operating characteristic curve had an area under the curve of 0.846 for the combination of V′O2max% and ΔSPO2%, while the area under the curve with V′O2max% only was 0.726. From this, the probability of postoperative respiratory complications was [Formula: see text]. Pcomplication ≥ 0.202 for postoperative respiratory complications had a sensitivity of 80.8% and a specificity of 81.5%. Conclusions: For lung cancer patients with forced expiratory volume in 1 s <60% of predicted, in addition to common preoperative tests, V′O2max% and ΔSPO2% may be an aid for predicting early-onset postoperative respiratory complications.
Operating on penetrating trauma to the mediastinal vessels
Authors: Yilmaz T. H. , Evers T. , Sussman M. , Vassiliu P. , Degiannis E. , Doll D. 
Published: February 2014

Background and Aims: Patients with penetrating trauma of the major vessels of the chest are infrequently encountered. This is due to the fact that the majority of these patients die on scene, as well as due to the overall dramatic decline in the incidence of penetrating trauma in the Western world. A certain proportion of survivors are physiologically stable and can be transferred to adequate care. Patients who are physiologically unstable must be dealt with by the surgeons available without delay. Rapid diagnosis and operation can salvage patients who would otherwise be lost, and all general surgeons should be capable of recognizing these injuries and intervening if a trauma and/or cardiothoracic surgeon is not immediately available. Material and Methods: Technical description of practical emergency surgery approaches to patients bleeding to death from penetrating mediastinal vessel injuries. Results: The scope of this review familiarizes the “uninitiated” surgeon with the operative management of this rare and lethal type of injuries. Technical aspects are described, and pitfalls as well as tips and tricks of the trade are discussed. Conclusions: Patients with penetrating injuries to the mediastinal vessels can be saved by swift and knowing operative management of this rare and lethal type of injuries, even if a trauma and/or cardiothoracic surgeon is not immediately available.
Development and implementation of PROgmatic: A clinical trial management system for pragmatic multi-centre trials, optimised for electronic data capture and patient-reported outcomes
Authors: Cramon Per , Rasmussen Åse Krogh , Bonnema Steen Joop , Bjorner Jakob Bue , Feldt-Rasmussen Ulla , Groenvold Mogens , Hegedüs Laszlo , Watt Torquil 
Published: February 2014

Background Many clinical trials are conducted as explanatory trials, but the applicability of results from explanatory trials to clinical practice may be questioned. Pragmatic trials elucidate both benefits and harms of an intervention under conditions close to daily clinical practice. We have planned a pragmatic multi-centre trial in patients with Graves’ hyperthyroidism. However, trial management is a complicated task in pragmatic trials, due to limited interaction between participants and trial personnel. Purpose The aim of this project was to develop and implement PROgmatic, a fully integrated trial management system for pragmatic multi-centre trials, optimised for electronic data capture and patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Methods Necessary tasks and logistical challenges that should be handled by PROgmatic were identified, and the system was designed and developed to handle these tasks. A combination of generic applications and custom coding was applied to develop an integrated system that met the required needs. PROgmatic features include secure web-based data entry; electronic case report forms (eCRFs); central participant registration and randomisation; automated emails linking to electronic PROs; automated reminders to participants; automated notifications to trial personnel regarding booking of trial visits, safety and compliance alerts; and monitoring of trial progress. PROgmatic underwent rigorous pilot testing, including data verification and validation, before it was released for trial management. Results PROgmatic was successfully implemented in the GRAves’ Selenium Supplementation (GRASS) trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01611896) December 2012. The feedback from trial personnel on usability and utility has been positive, and PROgmatic has handled all intended tasks properly. Limitations Implementation of PROgmatic in future studies requires adaptation of the custom coding. Not all email systems accept emails with active links, and participants who use these systems therefore need to complete paper surveys. Conclusions PROgmatic facilitated the complex task of conducting a pragmatic multi-centre trial. The automated electronic capture of PRO data is time saving and reduces the risk of erroneous data entry. Email notifications to trial personnel combined with serially activated eCRFs that logically lead patient flow through the trial have helped making the pragmatic trial feasible. PROgmatic provides a template for other pragmatic multi-centre trials with patient-reported measures as high-priority outcomes.
Risk factors for the development of oesophageal adenocarcinoma in Barrett's oesophagus: a UK primary care retrospective nested case–control study
Authors: Cooper SC , Menon S , Nightingale PG , Trudgill NJ 
Published: February 2014

BackgroundOesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) incidence is rising rapidly and prognosis remains poor. Endoscopic surveillance of Barrett's oesophagus (BO) remains controversial.ObjectiveA nested case–control study was undertaken to evaluate risk factors for progression of BO to OAC, potentially guiding surveillance efforts.MethodsThe Health Improvement Network database includes general practitioner consultations from 5 million UK subjects. BO subjects with 1‐year minimum of follow up were followed until development of OAC or end of time on database. Demographic variables (age, gender, smoking, body mass index) and data on medication considered negatively (aspirin/nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs/proton pump inhibitors) or positively associated (lower oesophageal sphincter‐relaxing and asthma drugs) with OAC development were studied. Cox regression analysis‐derived hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals estimated the relative risk for OAC progression.ResultsA total of 3749 BO subjects were studied: 55 developed OAC during 17,743 patient years of follow up, a progression rate of 0.3% per annum. There was 96.7% of the cohort who took proton‐pump inhibitors, with no association observed. Increasing age (1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.05, p  = 0.005), male gender (3.06, 95% CI 1.50–6.24, p  = 0.002), and having ever smoked (2.36, 95% CI 1.13–4.93, p  = 0.023) were associated with progression to OAC, (although smoking lost association on multivariate analysis). Increasing number of drugs used for asthma (2.91, 95% CI 1.10–7.68, p = 0.0314) was also associated.ConclusionIn this nested case–control study of BO, male gender, increasing age, and increasing use of asthma drugs were associated with progression to OAC.
Accelerated senescence of cord blood endothelial progenitor cells in premature neonates is driven by SIRT1 decreased expression
Authors: Vassallo Paula Frizera , Simoncini Stéphanie , Ligi Isabelle , Chateau Anne-Line , Bachelier Richard , Robert Stéphane , Morere Julia , Fernandez Samantha , Guillet Benjamin , Marcelli Maxime , Tellier Edwige , Pascal Alain , Simeoni Umberto , Anfosso Francine , Magdinier Frédérique , Dignat-George Françoise , Sabatier Florence 
Published: February 2014

Key PointsWe demonstrate that PT promotes ECFCs dysfunction by inducing stress-induced premature senescence. Our data reveal that SIRT1 deficiency drives PT-ECFC senescence, and acts as a critical determinant of the PT-ECFC angiogenic defect.
The role of KIR genes and their cognate HLA class I ligands in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: de Smith Adam J. , Walsh Kyle M. , Ladner Martha B. , Zhang Siming , Xiao Carmen , Cohen Franziska , Moore Theodore B. , Chokkalingam Anand P. , Metayer Catherine , Buffler Patricia A. , Trachtenberg Elizabeth A. , Wiemels Joseph L. 
Published: February 2014

Key Points
Carrying the KIR A/A genotype contributes to risk of childhood ALL, particularly in Hispanics.
High number of diarrhoeal co-infections in travellers to Benin, West Africa
Authors: Lääveri Tinja , Pakkanen Sari H , Antikainen Jenni , Riutta Jukka , Mero Sointu , Kirveskari Juha , Kantele Anu 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

Background
Travellers’ diarrhoea (TD) is the most frequent health problem among travellers to the tropics. Using routine techniques, the aetiology mostly remains unresolved, whereas modern molecular methods enable reducing the number of equivocal cases considerably. While many studies address the aetiology of TD in Asian, Central American and North African tourist resorts, only few focus on Western Africa.

Methods
Stool samples from 45 travellers travelling in Benin, West Africa, were analyzed by a new multiplex qPCR assay for Salmonella, Yersinia, Campylobacter, Vibrio cholerae, Shigella or enteroinvasive (EIEC), enterohaemorrhagic (EHEC), enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enteroaggregative (EAEC), and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC).

Results
All 18 pre-travel samples proved negative for bacterial pathogens. Of the 39/45 (87%) travellers having had TD, EPEC was detected in post-travel samples in 30 (77%) cases, EAEC in 23 (59%), ETEC in 22 (56%), Shigella or EIEC in 7 (18%), EHEC in two (5%), and Salmonella in one (3%). In 31(79%) of the TD cases two or more bacterial pathogens were identified. Two (8%) samples remained negative: both patients had taken antimicrobials for TD.

Conclusions
EPEC, EAEC and ETEC were the most common findings. 79% of the cases had a co-infection. As modern diagnostics reveals in most patients a multitude of pathogens, the role of each pathogen should be re-evaluated.