bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and monitoring of metabolite markers of dry bean consumption in parallel human and mouse studies
Authors: Perera Thushanthi , Young Matthew R. , Zhang Zhiying , Murphy Gwen , Colburn Nancy H. , Lanza Elaine , Hartman Terryl J. , Cross Amanda J. , Bobe Gerd 
Published: January 2015

ScopeAim of the study was to identify and monitor metabolite markers of dry bean consumption in parallel human and mouse studies that each had shown chemopreventive effects of dry bean consumption on colorectal neoplasia risk.Methods and resultsUsing LC/mass spectroscopy ± ESI and GC/mass spectroscopy, serum metabolites of dry beans were measured in 46 men before and after a 4‐week dry bean enriched diet (250 g/day) and 12 mice that received a standardized diet containing either 0 or 10% navy bean ethanol extract for 6 weeks; we also investigated fecal metabolites in the mice. The serum metabolites identified in these controlled feeding studies were then investigated in 212 polyp‐free participants from the Polyp Prevention Trial who self‐reported either increased (≥+31 g/day from baseline), high dry bean intake of ≥42 g/day in year 3 or low, unchanged dry bean consumption of <8 g/day; serum was analyzed from baseline and year 3. Serum pipecolic acid and S‐methyl cysteine were elevated after dry bean consumption in human and mouse studies and reflected dry bean consumption in the Polyp Prevention Trial.ConclusionSerum levels of pipecolic acid and S‐methyl cysteine are useful biomarkers of dry bean consumption.
Gonadotropin surge‐inhibiting/attenuating factors: A review of current evidence, potential applications, and future directions for research
Authors: Vega Mario G. , Zarek Shvetha M. , Bhagwat Medha , Segars James H. 
Published: January 2015

SUMMARYAnimal studies in the 1980s suggested the existence of an ovarian hormone, termed gonadotropin surge‐inhibiting/attenuating factor (GnSIF/AF), that modulates pituitary secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH). Given the importance of identifying regulatory factors of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐ovarian axis and the accumulating data suggesting its existence, we conducted a comprehensive literature search using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase to identify articles related to GnSIF/AF. The search generated 161 publications, of which 97 were included in this study. Several attempts have been made to identify and characterize this hormone and several candidates have been identified, but the protein sequences of these putative GnSIF/AF factors differ widely from one study to another. In addition, while the RF‐amide RFRP‐3 is known foremost as a neuropeptide, some research supports an ovarian origin for this non‐steroidal hormone, thereby suggesting a role for RFRP‐3 either as a co‐modulator of GnSIF/AF or as a gonadotropin‐inhibiting factor in the hypothalamus (GnIH). Discovery of the KNDy neurons that modulate GnRH secretion, on the other hand, further encourages the search for substance(s) that modulate their activity and that indirectly affect LH secretion and the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐ovarian axis. While it has remained an elusive hormone, GnSIF/AF holds many potential applications for contraception, in vitro fertilization, and/or cancer as well as for understanding polycystic ovary syndrome, metabolic diseases, and/or pubertal development. In this review, we rigorously examine the available evidence regarding the existence of GnSIF/AF, previous attempts at its identification, limitations to its discovery, future directions of research, and potential clinical applications. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 82: 2–16, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An overview of polymyositis and dermatomyositis
Authors: Findlay Andrew R. , Goyal Namita A. , Mozaffar Tahseen 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTPolymyositis and dermatomyositis are inflammatory myopathies that differ in their clinical features, histopathology, response to treatment, and prognosis. Although their clinical pictures differ, they both present with symmetrical, proximal muscle weakness. Treatment relies mainly upon empirical use of corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents. A deeper understanding of the molecular pathways that drive pathogenesis, careful phenotyping, and accurate disease classification will aid clinical research and development of more efficacious treatments. In this review we address the current knowledge of the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnostic evaluation, classification, pathogenesis, treatment, and prognosis of polymyositis and dermatomyositis.Muscle Nerve51:638–656, 2015
The max‐length‐vector line of best fit to a set of vector subspaces and an optimization problem over a set of hyperellipsoids
Authors: Bates Daniel J. , Davis Brent R. , Kirby Michael , Marks Justin , Peterson Chris 
Published: January 2015

SummaryLet be a collection of subspaces of a finite‐dimensional real vector space V. Let L denote a one‐dimensional subspace of V, and let θ(L,Vi) denote the principal angle between L and Vi. Motivated by a problem in data analysis, we seek an L that maximizes the function . Conceptually, this is the line through the origin that best represents with respect to the criterion F(L). A reformulation shows that L is spanned by a vector , which maximizes the function subject to the constraints vi∈Vi and ||vi||=1. In this setting, v is seen to be the longest vector that can be decomposed into unit vectors lying on prescribed hyperspheres. A closely related problem is to find the longest vector that can be decomposed into vectors lying on prescribed hyperellipsoids. Using Lagrange multipliers, the critical points of either problem can be cast as solutions of a multivariate eigenvalue problem. We employ homotopy continuation and numerical algebraic geometry to solve this problem and obtain the extremal decompositions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Process, Outcomes, and Challenges of Feasibility Studies Conducted in Partnership With Stakeholders: A Health Intervention for Women Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Wuest Judith , Merritt‐Gray Marilyn , Dubé Norma , Hodgins Marilyn J. , Malcolm Jeannie , Majerovich Jo Ann , Scott‐Storey Kelly , Ford‐Gilboe Marilyn , Varcoe Colleen 
Published: January 2015

AbstractFeasibility studies play a crucial role in determining whether complex, community‐based interventions should be subject to efficacy testing. Reports of such studies often focus on efficacy potential but less often examine other elements of feasibility, such as acceptance by clients and professionals, practicality, and system integration, which are critical to decisions for proceeding with controlled efficacy testing. Although stakeholder partnership in feasibility studies is widely suggested to facilitate the research process, strengthen relevance, and increase knowledge transfer, little is written about how this occurs or its consequences and outcomes. We began to address these gaps in knowledge in a feasibility study of a health intervention for women survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) conducted in partnership with policy, community and practitioner stakeholders. We employed a mixed‐method design, combining a single‐group, pre‐post intervention study with 52 survivors of IPV, of whom 42 completed data collection, with chart review data and interviews of 18 purposefully sampled participants and all 9 interventionists. We assessed intervention feasibility in terms of acceptability, demand, practicality, implementation, adaptation, integration, and efficacy potential. Our findings demonstrate the scope of knowledge attainable when diverse elements of feasibility are considered, as well as the benefits and challenges of partnership. The implications of diverse perspectives on knowledge transfer are discussed. Our findings show the importance of examining elements of feasibility for complex community‐based health interventions as a basis for determining whether controlled intervention efficacy testing is justified and for refining both the intervention and the research design. © 2015 The Authors. Research in Nursing & Health published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Site‐Specific Radioiodination of HER2‐Targeting Affibody Molecules using 4‐Iodophenethylmaleimide Decreases Renal Uptake of Radioactivity
Authors: Strand Joanna , Nordeman Patrik , Honarvar Hadis , Altai Mohamed , Orlova Anna , Larhed Mats , Tolmachev Vladimir 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAffibody molecules are small scaffold‐based affinity proteins with promising properties as probes for radionuclide‐based molecular imaging. However, a high reabsorption of radiolabeled Affibody molecules in kidneys is an issue. We have shown that the use of 125I‐3‐iodo‐((4‐hydroxyphenyl)ethyl)maleimide (IHPEM) for site‐specific labeling of cysteine‐containing Affibody molecules provides high tumor uptake but low radioactivity retention in kidneys. We hypothesized that the use of 4‐iodophenethylmaleimide (IPEM) would further reduce renal retention of radioactivity because of higher lipophilicity of radiometabolites. An anti‐human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) Affibody molecule (ZHER2:2395) was labeled using 125I‐IPEM with an overall yield of 45±3 %. 125I‐IPEM‐ZHER2:2395 bound specifically to HER2‐expressing human ovarian carcinoma cells (SKOV‐3 cell line). In NMRI mice, the renal uptake of 125I‐IPEM‐ZHER2:2395 (24±2 and 5.7±0.3 % IA g−1at 1 and 4 h after injection, respectively) was significantly lower than uptake of 125I‐IHPEM‐ZHER2:2395 (50±8 and 12±2 % IA g−1at 1 and 4 h after injection, respectively). In conclusion, the use of a more lipophilic linker for the radioiodination of Affibody molecules reduces renal radioactivity.
MALDI‐TOF MS applied to apoC‐III glycoforms of patients with congenital disorders affecting O‐glycosylation. Comparison with two‐dimensional electrophoresis
Authors: Yen‐Nicolaÿ Stéphanie , Boursier Céline , Rio Marlène , Lefeber Dirk J. , Pilon Antoine , Seta Nathalie , Bruneel Arnaud 
Published: January 2015

PurposeThe O‐glycan abnormalities accompanying some congenital disorders of glycosylation, namely conserved oligomeric Golgi‐congenital disorders of glycosylation (COG‐CDGs) and ATP6V0A2‐CDGs, are mainly detected using electrophoresis methods applied to circulating apolipoprotein C‐III. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability of MALDI‐TOF MS of apoC‐III for the detection and characterization of CDG‐associated O‐glycan defects.Experimental designplasmas from CDG‐negative, COG‐CDG, and ATP6V0A2‐CDG patients were analyzed and results were compared to those obtained using 2DE followed by Western blot.ResultsMALDI‐TOF of apoC‐III allowed to detect various significant O‐glycan abnormalities in CDG‐patients with emphasis to COG‐CDG. Furthermore, in CDG samples, comparison study between 2DE and MALDI‐TOF showed a particular behavior of monosialylated apoC‐III in the mass spectrometer that could be related to an abnormal O‐glycan structure.Conclusions and clinical relevanceMALDI‐TOF MS appears as a powerful technique for the analysis of apoC‐III glycoforms for potential routine screening of COG‐ and ATP6V0A2‐CDGs.
Visualizing large graphs
Authors: Hu Yifan , Shi Lei 
Published: January 2015

With the prevalence of big data, there is a growing need for algorithms and techniques for visualizing very large and complex graphs. In this article, we review layout algorithms and interactive exploration techniques for large graphs. In addition, we briefly look at softwares and datasets for visualization graphs, as well as challenges that need to be addressed. WIREs Comput Stat 2015, 7:115–136. doi: 10.1002/wics.1343This article is categorized under:

Statistical Learning and Exploratory Methods of the Data Sciences > Exploratory Data Analysis
Data: Types and Structure > Graph and Network Data
Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Statistical Graphics and Visualization
The transverse crack problem for elastic bodies stiffened by thin elastic coating
Authors: Sobol Boris , Soloviev Arkady , Krasnoschekov Alexander 
Published: January 2015

For two types of large‐scale bodies, a half‐plane and a strip, each of which is weakened by a straight transverse crack, the static problem of elasticity theory is considered. The upper boundary of each body is reinforced by a thin flexible coating. The coating is modeled by special boundary conditions on the upper faces of considered bodies. Three different cases of boundary conditions on the lower face of the strip were studied.By application of generalized integral transforms to the equilibrium equations in displacements the problems were reduced to the solutions of singular integral equations of first kind with Cauchy kernel to the respect of derivative of the crack opening function. In all considered cases the integral equations consists of a singular term, corresponding to crack behavior in an infinite plate, and a regular term, reflecting the influence of various geometric and physical parameters.For various sets of model parameters the solutions of the integral equations were built by small parameter and collocation methods; their structure was analyzed. The values of stress intensity factor in the vicinity of the tips of the crack were obtained and analyzed for different coating materials and geometric parameters of the crack.From the analysis of the numerical results of the problem, it can be concluded that thin flexible coatings significantly reduce stress intensity at a crack tip and therewith significantly increase a reliability of considered elastic bodies.
Untanglings: a novel approach to analyzing concurrent systems
Authors: Polyvyanyy Artem , La Rosa Marcello , Ouyang Chun , ter Hofstede Arthur H. M. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Substantial research efforts have been expended to deal with the complexity of concurrent systems that is inherent to their analysis, e.g., works that tackle the well-known state space explosion problem. Approaches differ in the classes of properties that they are able to suitably check and this is largely a result of the way they balance the trade-off between analysis time and space employed to describe a concurrent system. One interesting class of properties is concerned with behavioral characteristics. These properties are conveniently expressed in terms of computations, or
runs
, in concurrent systems. This article introduces the theory of
untanglings
that exploits a particular representation of a collection of runs in a concurrent system. It is shown that a representative untangling of a bounded concurrent system can be constructed that captures all and only the behavior of the system. Representative untanglings strike a unique balance between time and space, yet provide a single model for the convenient extraction of various behavioral properties. Performance measurements in terms of construction time and size of representative untanglings with respect to the original specifications of concurrent systems, conducted on a collection of models from practice, confirm the scalability of the approach. Finally, this article demonstrates practical benefits of using representative untanglings when checking various behavioral properties of concurrent systems.
Ovarian endometrioma in the adolescent: a plea for early-stage diagnosis and full surgical treatment
Authors: Gordts Stephan , Puttemans Patrick , Gordts Sylvie , Brosens Ivo 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe incidence and severity of endometriosis in adolescent are comparable with the incidence in adult women. The mean delay between the onset of symptoms and the final diagnosis varies between 6.4 and 11.7 years. The longer the diagnosis is delayed, the more the endometriosis can progress to a more severe stage certainly in the group of patients with pelvic pain. The evolution of endometriosis and its progressivity are not predictable, and the severity of the disease is not directly related to the degree of pain. Endometriotic cysts have a detrimental effect on the ovarian reserve by the evolution in time and the surgical excision technique. Already, in small endometriotic cysts (<4 cm), loss of follicular reserve is present together with the formation of fibrosis in the cortex of the ovary. Early diagnosis of endometriosis in the adolescent deserves our full attention. Non-invasive imaging techniques like 2-D and 3-D ultrasound are helpful in the early diagnosis. Early ablative surgery is recommendable. Although laparoscopy is traditionally recommended, transvaginal laparoscopy has been shown to be most effective in ablating endometriomas with a maximum diameter of 3 cm. Early detection and intervention will contribute to a better quality of life in these adolescents and also to a lower damage of the ovarian tissue by a less invasive ablative surgery.
In Search for the Many Faces of Community Resilience Among LGBT Individuals
Authors: Wong Frank Y. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractMany countries (e.g., Egypt, Russia, and Uganda) have very draconian laws against LGBT individuals. Despite facing such adversity or hostility many LGBT individuals do strive and maintain their sense of self‐worth. How do they do it? The collection of papers in this special issue attempts to provide some answers to this question. I will attempt to analyze two overlapping issues in these papers, and how they might inform LGBT research using a resilience lens.
Acetabular Version Measurement in Total Hip Arthroplasty: The Impact of Inclination and the Value of Multi-Planar CT Reformation
Authors: Loftus Michael , Ma Yan , Ghelman Bernard 
Published: January 2015

The orientation of the acetabular cup component of a total hip arthroplasty can be evaluated in a number of ways, utilizing a myriad of imaging techniques and measurement parameters, including intraoperative surgical estimates, postoperative radiographs, and cross-sectional imaging such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). How do traditional versus corrected measurements of acetabular version vary from one another based on the inclination of the cup? What is the reliability of the corrected acetabular version measurements based on interobserver and intraobserver consistency? Two fellowship-trained musculoskeletal radiologists reviewed CT scans on 60 total hip arthroplasties. Acetabular inclination, traditional CT acetabular version, and CT acetabular version corrected for inclination (by utilizing multi-planar reformations to measure in the plane of the cup face) were each measured. The difference was then calculated between the “traditional” axial CT and “corrected” acetabular version measurements, and the association between this difference and the acetabular inclination was assessed. The “traditional” axial CT and “corrected” acetabular version measurements differed from one another in every case, with the traditional method yielding a version measurement that was on average 9.5° higher than the corrected technique. However, as the acetabular cup inclination angle decreased, the “traditional” measurement became more variable and increasingly discordant with the “corrected” version measurement. There is inherent variability between the many methods utilized for defining and measuring acetabular version, with axial CT measurements often used as an accepted proxy for true cup anteversion. However, the variability between different measurement techniques is correlated with acetabular inclination, and this variability is most pronounced when acetabular inclination is low, ultimately leading to potential confusion in measurement terminology. The increasingly widespread availability of multi-planar CT reformations provides an opportunity to standardize methodology, eliminate the impact of inclination on acetabular version measurements, and potentially provide a more reliable comparison of the impact of cup orientation on surgical outcomes.
Synthesis and Physicochemical Properties of Partially and Fully Epoxidized Methyl Linoleate Derived from Jatropha curcas Oil
Authors: Lye Yan Ni , Salimon Jumat 
Published: January 2015

AbstractPartial epoxidation of methyl linoleate was carried out at room temperature (30 °C) using a methyltrioxorhenium catalyst in the presence of pyridine and urea‐hydrogen peroxide. Full epoxidation of methyl linoleate was carried out using the Prilezhaev method. The reactions were monitored using the oxirane oxygen content value. The products from partial and full epoxidation were analyzed using GC‐FID, FTIR, NMR and GC–MS. Methyl 9,10‐epoxy‐12Z‐octadecenoate and methyl 12,13‐epoxy‐9Z‐octadecenoate were obtained as the major products from partial epoxidation, with a percent yield of 46 %. The product from full epoxidation afforded 97 % yield with methyl 9,10‐12,13‐diepoxyoctadecanoate as the major component. Physicochemical properties such as kinematic viscosity, viscosity index, crystallization temperature and oxidative stability were examined. Fully epoxidized methyl linoleate exhibits superior kinematic viscosity and oxidative stability due to the complete conversion of double bonds to epoxy groups. Partially epoxidized methyl linoleate exhibits intermediate kinematic viscosity, viscosity index, crystallization temperature and oxidative stability.
La investigación en la educación médica moderna: ¿local o global?
Authors: Sánchez-Mendiola Melchor 
Published: January 2015

“La civilización termina donde comienza la carne asada”José Vasconcelos.
Si reflexionamos unos momentos sobre la frase arriba citada de José Vasconcelos Calderón (1882-1959), quien fue Rector de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) y el primer Secretario de Educación Pública de México, no podemos menos que añorar la fascinante versatilidad de algunas de las mentes más preclaras de nuestro país (y su capacidad de capturar tantas cosas en tan pocas palabras).
El uso de escenarios clínicos y el aprendizaje de la Bioquímica en alumnos de primer año de la Carrera de Medicina
Authors: Cea-Bonilla María Alicia del Sagrado Corazón , Hernández-Espinoza Diego Rolando , Salazar-Morales Miguel Fernando , Soto-Briseño Irvin Alejandro , Matuz-Mares Deyamira 
Published: January 2015

La Bioquímica es una asignatura que resulta difícil para los estudiantes de Medicina, y su aplicación en la práctica clínica no les parece evidente. El ejercicio que realizamos en el presente trabajo está relacionado con el “equilibrio hidroelectrolítico y ácido-base”. Para lograr un aprendizaje a largo plazo de la Bioquímica, se utilizó la discusión guiada de tres escenarios clínicos, basada en cuestionarios, la elaboración de mapas conceptuales y de un juego en que se analizó la regulación del pH, el equilibrio hidroelectrolítico, las moléculas implicadas y las alteraciones en estos parámetros en diferentes situaciones clínicas. El ejercicio se aplicó en tres grupos de intervención y tres grupos controles de la generación 2011-0, primera generación en que se utilizó un nuevo Plan de Estudios, donde se incorporaron competencias. Se observó un aprendizaje a largo plazo de los contenidos manejados en los escenarios clínicos (agua, equilibrio hidroelectrolítico y ácido-base, y su aplicación en situaciones clínicas), medido en exámenes posteriores a la aplicación del ejercicio, así como el desarrollo de dos competencias de las presentadas en dicho Plan de Estudios 2010, en los estudiantes de los grupos de intervención.