bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Asymmetric SST Distribution on Straight-Moving Typhoon Ewiniar (2006) and Recurving Typhoon Maemi (2003)
Authors: Choi Yumi , Yun Kyung-Sook , Ha Kyung-Ja , Kim Kwang-Yul , Yoon Soon-Jo , Chan Johnny C. L. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The effects of asymmetric sea surface temperature (SST) distribution on the tropical cyclone (TC) motion around East Asia have been examined using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model for the straight-moving Typhoon Ewiniar (2006) and recurving Typhoon Maemi (2003). The SST–TC motion relationships associated with the two different TCs and the physical mechanism of recurvature are investigated in the context of the potential vorticity tendency framework. A zonally asymmetric SST distribution alters the TC translating direction and speed, which is ascribable to the interaction between a TC and the environmental current associated with asymmetric SST forcing. A north–south SST gradient has an insignificant role in the TC motion. It is noted that the straight-moving (i.e., northward moving) TC deflects toward the region of warmer SST when SST is zonally asymmetric. A contribution of the horizontal advection including asymmetric flow induced by asymmetric forcing is dominant for the deflection. The recurving TC reveals northeastward acceleration and deceleration after the recurvature point in the western warming (WW) and eastern warming (EW) experiments, respectively. When it comes to a strong southerly vertical wind shear under the recurvature condition, diabatic heating can be a significant physical process associated with the downward motion over the region of upshear right. The enhanced (reduced) southwesterly flow effectively produces the acceleration (deceleration) of northeastward movement in WW (EW) after recurvature.
Correlation of fractalkine concentrations in serum and synovial fluid with the radiographic severity of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Zou Yucong , Li Yikai , Lu Lu , Lin You , Liang Weiming , Su Zhiyong , Wang Xusheng , Yang Hui , Wang Jianming , Yu Chengfu , Huo Liwei , Ye Yongliang 
Published: July 2013

Background Fractalkine has been detected in synovial fluid (SF) from osteoarthritis (OA) patients. This study aims to examine the relation of fractalkine concentrations in serum and SF with the radiographic severity of OA. Methods Fractalkine concentrations of serum and SF were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method in 223 patients with knee OA and 165 healthy controls. The progression of OA was classified according to the Kellgren–Lawrence grading system. Results Elevated concentrations of fractalkine in serum were found in knee OA patients compared with healthy controls [all results median (interquartile range) 226.25 (183.19–259.91) vs. 127.42 (99.54–154.98) pg/mL, P < 0.001]. The case group included 71 knee OA patients with grade 2, 98 with grade 3, and 54 with grade 4. Knee OA patients with KL grade 4 had significantly higher fractalkine concentrations in serum and SF compared with those with KL grade 2 and 3 [serum: 247.68 (215.05–278.64) vs. 212.45 (169.19–247.96) pg/mL, P < 0.001, and 247.68 (215.05–278.64) vs. 222.00 (179.80–254.98) pg/mL, P = 0.005, respectively; SF: 94.95 (76.46–106.68) vs. 74.31 (63.64–84.79) pg/mL, P < 0.001, and 94.95 (76.46–106.68) vs. 80.34 (68.84–96.39) pg/mL, P = 0.001, respectively]. Knee OA patients with KL grade 3 showed significantly elevated concentrations of fractalkine in SF compared with those with KL grade 2 [80.34 (68.84–96.39) vs. 74.31 (63.64–84.79) pg/mL, P = 0.004]. Fractalkine concentrations in serum and SF of knee OA patients were both significantly associated with the disease severity evaluated by KL grading criteria ( r = 0.261, P < 0.001 and r = 0.366, P < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion The fractalkine concentrations in serum and SF may serve as an effective biomarker for the severity of OA.
Diagnostic accuracy of neutrophil CD64 expression in neonatal infection: A meta-analysis
Authors: Jia Liu-Qun , Shen Yong-Chun , Hu Qian-Jing , Wan Chun , Wang Tao , Chen Lei , Wen Fu-Qiang 
Published: July 2013

Objective *Liu-Qun Jia and Yong-Chun Shen contributed equally to this work and are joint first authors. The aim of the present study was to establish the predictive values of neutrophil CD64 expression in diagnosing neonatal infection. Methods A comprehensive search of the PubMed and Embase® literature databases identified outcome data from published studies estimating the diagnostic accuracy of neutrophil CD64 expression for neonatal infection. Summary estimates for sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratios (DOR) and the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were calculated using a bivariate random-effects approach. Results Twelve studies including 1915 neonates were analysed. Summary estimates (95% confidence intervals) for CD64 expression in the diagnosis of neonatal infection were: sensitivity, 0.78 (0.75, 0.81); specificity, 0.81 (0.78, 0.83); DOR, 21.27 (11.71, 38.65); positive-likelihood ratio, 4.53 (3.22, 6.36); negative-likelihood ratio, 0.23 (0.14, 0.37); AUC, 0.89. Conclusions Neutrophil CD64 expression can be used as an additional test in the diagnosis of neonatal infection. Results of a CD64 assay should not be used alone to diagnose such infections, but should be interpreted in combination with other test results and clinical findings.
The role of the ERK1/2 signalling pathway in the pathogenesis of female stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Huang Qiong , Jin Hangmei , Xie Zhenwei , Wang Min , Chen Jian , Zhou Yong 
Published: July 2013

Objective: To investigate the role of extracellular-regulated protein kinase (ERK)1/2 and phosphorylated (p)-ERK1/2 in the pathogenesis of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods: Anterior vaginal wall tissue was collected from women with SUI and control subjects. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were performed for p-ERK1/2. Primary vaginal fibroblast cultures were incubated in the presence or absence of PD98059 (an inhibitor of ERK kinase) and levels of collagen I and III mRNA and protein were examined by quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. Results: Levels of p-ERK1/2 were significantly lower in vaginal wall tissue from patients with SUI ( n = 10) compared with controls ( n = 10). PD98059 treatment significantly reduced levels of collagen I and III mRNA and protein. Conclusions: Female SUI is associated with reduced levels of p-ERK1/2 compared with controls, and inhibition of the ERK1/2 signalling pathway inhibits collagen type I and III synthesis in vaginal wall fibroblasts.
Second-Look Arthroscopic Evaluation of Chondral Lesions After Isolated Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Gong Xi , Jiang Dong , Wang Yong-jian , Wang Jian , Ao Ying-fang , Yu Jia-kuo 
Published: July 2013

Background: Double-bundle (DB) anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) has been reported to yield better joint stability than single-bundle (SB) reconstruction. Few studies have compared the 2 techniques with regard to postoperative articular cartilage changes. Hypothesis: Less cartilage damage should occur in the short term after DB ACLR than after SB ACLR. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: The study included 52 patients (27 in the DB group and 25 in the SB group) with no chondral or meniscus injury at primary ACLR, as confirmed under arthroscopy. Four-strand and 6- to 8-strand hamstring autografts, respectively, were used for transtibial SB and 4-tunnel DB reconstruction. Each graft was fixed with an EndoButton bioabsorbable interference screw and a staple. Cartilage status at 6 identified regions was evaluated by second-look arthroscopy and the Outerbridge classification. Other assessments at final follow-up included International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Tegner and Lysholm scores, side-to-side difference on KT-2000 arthrometer, and range of motion. Results: The mean time from reconstruction to second-look arthroscopy was 18.2 and 17.3 months for the DB and SB groups, respectively. Both groups had cartilage lesions at the patellofemoral joint (patella, 9 vs 13; trochlea, 5 vs 12) and the medial compartment (1 vs 2). Significantly less severe lesions were found in the DB group than in the SB group (mean grade, 0.33 vs 0.96; P < .05). No significant differences were found between the 2 groups in terms of cartilage status at other regions, IKDC score, Lysholm score, Tegner score, KT-2000 arthrometer anterior laxity, or range of motion. Conclusion: Chondral lesions were found postoperatively in both DB and SB ACLR groups with hamstring autograft. The DB ALCR led to less cartilage damage at the femoral trochlea at short-term follow-up.
Inflammatory and Procoagulant Cytokine Levels During Pregnancy as Predictors of Adverse Obstetrical Complications
Authors: Dibble Shannon , Andersen Anita , Lassen Michael Rud , Cunanan Josephine , Hoppensteadt Debra , Fareed Jawed 
Published: July 2013

Introduction: Disturbances in cytokine networks are believed to be associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy complications. Methods: Plasma samples collected from pregnant women with preterm deliveries, high-risk pregnancy complications including postpartum hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, and multiple gestations, and normal pregnancies were analyzed at different periods throughout gestation and postpartum. Interleukin (IL) 1β , IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor α, and antiprotein Z antibody levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The IL-6 levels in preterm delivery patients were elevated during pregnancy with statistically significant differences observed at 21 to 32 weeks ( P < .01) and 33+ weeks ( P < .001). The IL-10 levels were increased in normal pregnancy at all time points compared to the other patient groups ( P < .05). The TNF-α levels were elevated in the high-risk pregnancy group versus normal controls ( P < .001 at <21 weeks and P < .05 at 21-32 weeks). Conclusion: Analysis of the maternal plasma for elevated IL-6 and reduced IL-10 levels may be of value in the early prediction of pregnancy complications.
Accommodation of religious diversity at the workplace through the prism of state–religion relations
Authors: Grekova Maya , Kyurkchieva Iva , Kosseva Maya 
Published: July 2013

Issues of religion and the relations with the state do not attract continuous public interest in Bulgaria as they do in a number of Western European countries discussed in this special issue. Awareness and sensitivity of the Bulgarian civil society towards issues of religious diversity is low. This is also the case to an even greater extent with the issue of how religion and religious diversity are accommodated in workplaces. As a rule, public interest in religion is aroused only by certain provocative events. Explaining the historical background and developments that led to the contemporary legal and institutional framework, this article utilizes data from interviews with key opinion makers to provide context and insight in public debates and perceptions on the ground in Bulgaria. Interviews were conducted with key Bulgarian opinion makers, including politicians, unions and representatives from the main religions in Bulgaria. These respondents declared adamantly that there are no problems related to or provoked by religion in the field of labour-legal relations concerning individuals. However, there were some examples provided concerning religious holidays and prayers; the issue of religious dress in the workplace has been largely absent in legal forums. One reason for the lack of cases may be the lack of trust in the justice system as well as the presence of more pressing matters for workers who may face poverty, in one of the poorer EU Member States. During the last two decades, Bulgaria has developed the legal and institutional framework for the protection of human rights and equal treatment, but its practical implementation is still not effective enough. Individuals and organizations from different religious communities still try to find everyday solutions for their problems without opting for a real long-term legal resolution.
A naturalistic comparison of the efficacy and safety of intramuscular olanzapine and intramuscular haloperidol in agitated elderly patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Suzuki Hidenobu , Gen Keishi , Takahashi Yuki 
Published: July 2013

Objective: This study was a comparative investigation of the clinical efficacy and safety of intramuscular (IM) olanzapine and IM haloperidol in agitated elderly patients with schizophrenia at 2 hours postdose. Methods: The subjects were 23 inpatients who had been diagnosed with schizophrenia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Their clinical symptoms were assessed using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale Excited Component (PANSS-EC), PANSS and Agitation Calmness Evaluation Scale (ACES), and their safety were assessed using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS), Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS), Drug-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms Scale (DIEPSS) and laboratory tests. Results: The mean reduction from baseline on the PANSS-EC total score, the PANSS total score and the ACES score were significantly greater in the IM olanzapine injection group than in the IM haloperidol injection group. The mean changes from baseline on the AIMS score, the BARS score and the DIEPSS total score were significantly better in the IM olanzapine injection group than in the IM haloperidol injection group. No serious adverse events such as paralytic ileus, diabetic ketoacidosis, neuroleptic malignant syndrome or tardive dyskinesia occurred between the two groups. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest the possibility that agitated elderly patients may result in superior efficacy and safety after IM olanzapine without serious adverse events in comparison with IM haloperidol.
Staphylococcus aureus recognition by hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells via TLR2/MyD88/PGE2 stimulates granulopoiesis in wounds
Authors: Granick Jennifer L. , Falahee Patrick C. , Dahmubed Delsheen , Borjesson Dori L. , Miller Lloyd S. , Simon Scott I. 
Published: July 2013

Key PointsHSPCs are recruited to S aureus–infected skin wounds, differentiate into neutrophils, and hasten resolution of infection. Bacterial sensing via TLR2 elicits PGE2 production in HSPCs that provides autocrine feedback to meet the demand for local granulopoiesis.
IκB-ζ controls the constitutive NF-κB target gene network and survival of ABC DLBCL
Authors: Nogai Hendrik , Wenzel Sören-Sebastian , Hailfinger Stephan , Grau Michael , Kaergel Eva , Seitz Volkhard , Wollert-Wulf Brigitte , Pfeifer Matthias , Wolf Annette , Frick Mareike , Dietze Kerstin , Madle Hannelore , Tzankov Alexander , Hummel Michael , Dörken Bernd , Scheidereit Claus , Janz Martin , Lenz Peter , Thome Margot , Lenz Georg 
Published: July 2013

Key Points
IκB-ζ is essential for nuclear NF-κB activity in ABC DLBCL. ABC DLBCL survival depends on IκB-ζ signaling.
Bowel necrosis following endovascular revascularization for chronic mesenteric ischemia: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Shirasu Takuro , Hosaka Akihiro , Okamoto Hiroyuki , Shigematsu Kunihiro , Takeda Yasushi , Miyata Tetsuro , Watanabe Toshiaki 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
Endovascular revascularization has recently been established as a less invasive treatment method for chronic mesenteric ischemia. However, intestinal necrosis caused by distal embolization following this procedure has not been emphasized.

Case presentation
The present report describes a 59-year-old man who was treated with endovascular revascularization for chronic mesenteric ischemia. After the procedure, he was diagnosed with intestinal necrosis caused by distal embolization. Despite emergent bowel resection, he died on postoperative day 109.

Conclusion
Although endovascular revascularization for chronic mesenteric ischemia is less invasive and may be suitable for high-risk patients, attention should be paid to avoid embolic complications that can cause intestinal infarction possibly leading to a fatal condition.
High levels of soluble CD40 ligand and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in serum are associated with favorable clinical evolution in human visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: de Oliveira Fabrícia Alvisi , Vanessa Oliveira Silva Carla , Damascena Nayra Prata , Passos Rodrigo Oliveira , Duthie Malcolm S , Guderian Jeffrey A , Bhatia Ajay , de Moura Tatiana Rodrigues , Reed Steven G , de Almeida Roque Pacheco , de Jesus Amélia Ribeiro 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundSoluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) are inflammation markers and have been poorly described in infectious disease. In this prospective study, we describe the sera kinetics of these two molecules in the course of treatment follow up in human visceral leishmaniasis (VL).MethodsSera from VL patients were collected before and during follow up of regular Antimony treatment. sCD40L and MMP-9 were measured by Luminex assay. Paired analysis by Wilcoxon signed test was used for comparison of values of the same subjects before and after initiation of treatment. Correlations between clinical data and parasite load with the serum levels of sCD40L and MMP-9 were performed by Spearman test. Tests were considered statistically significant if the probability of a type I error was less than 5% (p-value < 0.05).ResultsWhile sCD40L and MMP-9 were not observed in sera from non endemic controls which are at low risk ofLeishmania chagasiinfection, elevated levels were observed in sera from VL patients, and an increase in sCD40L and MMP-9 levels were detectable during the follow-up of VL patients undergoing antimony treatment. sCD40L levels were also high in individuals living in endemic settings at high risk of infection (endemic controls). Additionally, negative correlations were found between spleen sizes and MMP-9 before treatment and sCD40L at day 15 of treatment. Negative correlations were also found between parasite load with both sCD40L and MMP-9.ConclusionSerum sCD40L and MMP-9 are identified as new and simple biomarkers in two situations: (i) monitoring the success of therapy and (ii) predicting favorable clinical outcome of human VL.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia in patients with liver cirrhosis: a comparison with bacteremia caused by Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Bang Ji Hwan , Jung Younghee , Cheon Shinhye , Kim Chung Jong , Song Kyung Ho , Choe Pyeong Gyun , Park Wan Beom , Kim Eu Suk , Park Sang Won , Kim Hong Bin , Oh Myoung-don , Lee Hyo-Suk , Kim Nam Joong 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
This study was performed to detect risk factors for Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Methods
A retrospective case–control study was designed to identify risk factors for P. aeruginosa bacteremia in cirrhotic patients. The cases were cirrhotic patients with P. aeruginosa bacteremia and the controls were cirrhotic patients with Enterobacteriaceae bacteremia.

Results
Sixty-one cases and the same number of controls were enrolled. In a multivariate analysis, younger age {adjusted odds ratio (aOR) per one year: 0.96, 95% confidence interval: 0.93 - 0.99}, nosocomial acquisition (aOR 3.87, 95% confidence interval: 1.50 - 9.94), preexisting biliary disease (aOR 4.79, 95% confidence interval: 1.92 - 10.47), and recent exposure to immunosuppressive agent (aOR 3.10, 95% confidence interval: 1.23 - 7.82) were associated with P. aeruginosa bacteremia. In the case group the frequency of appropriate initial antibiotic regimens was considerably lower than in the control group: 29.5% vs. 65.6% (P <0.01). However, thirty day mortality did not differ significantly between cases and controls (19.7% vs. 24.6%).

Conclusions
Nosocomial acquisition, preexisting biliary disease, and recent use of immunosuppressive agents are strong predictive factors for P. aeruginosa bacteremia in cirrhotic patients.
Comparison of T2 and T2
*-weighted MR molecular imaging of a mouse model of glioma
Authors: Blasiak Barbara , Barnes Samuel , Foniok Tadeusz , Rushforth David , Matyas John , Ponjevic Dragana , Weglarz Wladyslaw P , Tyson Randy , Iqbal Umar , Abulrob Abedelnasser , Sutherland Garnette R , Obenaus Andre , Tomanek Boguslaw 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
Standard MRI has been used for high-grade gliomas detection, albeit with limited success as it does not provide sufficient specificity and sensitivity to detect complex tumor structure. Therefore targeted contrast agents based on iron oxide, that shorten mostly T2 relaxation time, have been recently applied. However pulse sequences for molecular imaging in animal models of gliomas have not been yet fully studied. The aim of this study was therefore to compare contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and explain its origin using spin-echo (SE), gradient echo (GE), GE with flow compensation (GEFC) as well as susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) in T2 and T2* contrast-enhanced molecular MRI of glioma.

Methods
A mouse model was used. U87MGdEGFRvIII cells (U87MG), derived from a human tumor, were injected intracerebrally. A 9.4 T MRI system was used and MR imaging was performed on the 10 day after the inoculation of the tumor. The CNR was measured prior, 20 min, 2 hrs and 24 hrs post intravenous tail administration of glioma targeted paramagnetic nanoparticles (NPs) using SE, SWI, GE and GEFC pulse sequences.

Results
The results showed significant differences in CNR among all pulse sequences prior injection. GEFC provided higher CNR post contrast agent injection when compared to GE and SE. Post injection CNR was the highest with SWI and significantly different from any other pulse sequence.

Conclusions
Molecular MR imaging using targeted contrast agents can enhance the detection of glioma cells at 9.4 T if the optimal pulse sequence is used. Hence, the use of flow compensated pulse sequences, beside SWI, should to be considered in the molecular imaging studies.