bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Svømmetilbud målrettet etniske kvinder, Procesevaluering af en svømmeintervention
Authors: Andersen Pernille Tangaard , Bak Carsten Kronborg , Clausen Camilla Tykgaard 
Published: October 2015

<p><em>Evaluation of a swimming-intervention targeting female ethnical minorities.<br /> </em><em>A health-promoting intervention in Korskærparken, established by the municipality of Fredericia, has been evaluated to identify potentials and barriers in health promotion targeting ethnic minorities. Factors that had a major effect in the success of the intervention were; a nearly cost free arrangement; the target groups ownership in the intervention; the fact that cultural and gender barriers were taken into account and the recruitment of participants through the local community, mentors and other participants. Barriers included dependence on economic support and practical arrangement. </em><strong><em></em></strong></p>
Disparate Patient Advocacy When Facing Unaffordable and Problematic Medical Bills
Authors: Duffy Erin L. , Frasco Melissa A. , Trish Erin 
Published: August 2024

ImportancePeople in the US face high out-of-pocket medical expenses, yielding financial strain and debt.ObjectiveTo understand how households respond to medical bills they disagree with or cannot afford.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA retrospective cohort study was carried out using a survey fielded between August 14 and October 14, 2023. The study included a random sample of adult (aged ≥18 years) survey respondents from the Understanding America Study (UAS). Participant responses were weighted to be nationally representative. The analysis took place from November 3, 2023, through January 8, 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresRespondents reported if their household received a medical bill that they could not afford or did not agree with in the prior 12 months, and if anyone contacted the billing office regarding their concerns. Those who did reach out were asked about their experience and those who did not were asked why.ResultsThe survey was sent to 1233 UAS panelists, of which 1135 completed the survey, a 92.1% cooperation rate. Overall, 1 in 5 of the 1135 respondents received a medical bill that they disagreed with or could not afford. Leading bill sources were physician offices (66 [34.6%]), emergency room or urgent care (22 [19.9%]), and hospitals (31 [15.3%]), and 136 respondents (61.5%) contacted the billing office to address their concern. A more extroverted and less agreeable personality increased likelihood of reaching out. Respondents without a college degree, lower financial literacy, and the uninsured were less likely to contact a billing office. Among those who did not reach out, 55 (86.1%) reported that they did not think it would make a difference. Of those who reached out, 37 (25.7%) achieved bill corrections, better understanding (16 [18.2%]), payment plans (18 [15.5%]), price drop (17 [15.2%]), financial assistance (10 [8.1%]), and/or bill cancellation (6 [7.3%]), while 32 (21.8%) said that the issue was unresolved and 23.8% reported no change. These outcomes aligned well with respondents’ billing concerns with financial relief for 75.8% of respondents reaching out about an unaffordable bill, bill corrections for 73.7% of those who thought there was mistake, and a price drop for 61.8% of those who negotiated.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of patients in the US found that most respondents who self-advocated achieved bill corrections and payment relief. Differences in self-advocacy may be exacerbating socioeconomic inequalities in medical debt burden, as those with less education, lower financial literacy, and the uninsured were less likely to self-advocate. Policies that streamline the administrative burden or shift it from patients to the billing clinician may counter these disparities.
Early vs Delayed Antihypertensive Treatment in Acute Single Subcortical Infarction
Authors: Wei Yufei , Xie Xuewei , Pan Yuesong , Wang Mengxing , Wang Aili , Liu Dacheng , Zhao Zilin , Nie Ximing , Duan Wanying , Liu Xin , Zhang Zhe , Liu Jingyi , Zheng Lina , Shen Suwen , Zhong Chongke , Xu Tan , Jiang Yong , Jing Jing , Meng Xia , Obst Katherine , Chen Chung-Shiuan , Li Hao , Leng Xinyi , Wang David , Wang Yilong , Zhang Yonghong , He Jiang , Wang Yongjun , Liu Liping 
Published: August 2024

ImportanceThe China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke II (CATIS-2) suggests that early antihypertensive treatment did not reduce the risk of dependency or death in acute ischemic stroke (AIS), compared with delayed treatment. Single subcortical infarction (SSI) is an important stroke subtype, and the association of antihypertensive timing with clinical outcomes is unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate the association of early vs delayed antihypertensive treatment with clinical outcomes in patients with SSI, stratified by the presence of parent artery disease (PAD) stenosis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis secondary analysis of the CATIS-2 randomized clinical trial included 106 hospitals in China between June 2018 and July 2022. In CATIS-2, patients with AIS within 24 to 48 hours of symptoms onset and elevated systolic blood pressure were eligible. Patients with SSI detected in diffusion-weighted imaging were included in the current post hoc subgroup analysis. Patients were grouped into (1) SSI with PAD stenosis and (2) SSI without PAD stenosis. Statistical analysis was performed from July 2023 to May 2024.ExposuresEarly (immediate) vs delayed (starting on day 8) antihypertensive therapy.Main Outcome and MeasurePrimary outcome was the combination of functional dependency or death (modified Rankin Scale score ≥3) at 90 days.ResultsAmong 997 patients with SSI in CATIS-2 (mean [SD] age, 62.4 [9.8] years; 612 [61.4%] men), 116 (11.6%) had SSI with PAD and 881 (88.4%) had SSI without PAD. There was no significant difference in the primary outcome between early and delayed antihypertensive treatment groups among all patients with SSI (8.8% vs 7.1%; OR, 1.25 [95% CI, 0.79-1.99]; P = .34). Among patients with SSI with PAD, early antihypertensive treatment was associated with increased risk of the primary outcome compared with delayed treatment (23.4% vs 7.7%; OR, 3.67 [95% CI, 1.14-11.86]; P = .03); this finding was not observed in patients with SSI without PAD (6.6% vs 7.1%; OR, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.55-1.57]; P = .77). Significant interaction with treatment and presence of PAD stenosis was detected for the primary outcome (P for interaction = .04).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial, early antihypertensive treatment was associated with an increased risk of functional dependency or death at 90 days among patients with SSI and coexisting PAD stenosis, compared with delayed antihypertensive treatment. Further studies are warranted for individualized BP management in patients with SSI by the presence of PAD.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03479554
Expanded CD8+CD38+ T Cell Population in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Is Linked to Increased Infection Rates: A Prospective Study
Authors: Rubio Jose , Humbel Morgane , Mulki Lama , Katsuyama Eri , Krishfield Suzanne , O'Connell Julianne , Tsokos George C. , Kyttaris Vasileios 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveOne of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is infections. The expression of the ectonucleotidase CD38 on the surface of CD8+ T cells has been linked to compromised cytotoxic function. The aim of this prospective study was to assess whether the presence of CD8+CD38+ in the peripheral blood of patients with SLE can serve as a biomarker for infectious complications.MethodsA cohort of 80 patients with SLE were recruited over 18 months. The rate of clinically significant infections and presence of CD8+CD38+ T cells in the peripheral blood were monitored at each clinic visit. The patients were classified into high CD38+ and low CD38+ CD8+ T cells using flow cytometry and a previously established cutoff rate of 28.4%.ResultsA total of 20 infections were registered over the study period. We observed that the patients with an expanded CD8+CD38+ T cell population in the peripheral blood had a higher rate of recurrent infections and a higher likelihood of infection compared with patients with a low CD8+CD38+ T cell population. The levels of CD38 in CD8+ T cells remained stable over time in the studied subjects.ConclusionHigh levels of CD8+CD38+ T cells in the peripheral blood of patients with SLE identify a subgroup prone to infections for whom proper clinical measures should be applied.
A General Strategy for Ultralong Phosphorescent Photonic Crystals, Achieving Thermal Sensitive, Tri‐State Optically Compensated Gels
Authors: Wang Changxing , Ning Yayun , Wen Xiaoxiang , Yue Yifan , Xie Yuechi , Zhang Jinxia , Li Jianing , Yang Sen , Lu Xuegang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntegration of photoluminescence (PL), especially the long‐lived room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP), into periodic submicron structures to build multi‐optical morphology photonic crystals (PCs) is a trend for future optical devices but has proven extremely challenging. Here, an emerging general strategy for fabricating three‐optical morphology (tri‐state) SiO2‐based PCs by calcining monodisperse SiO2 nanospheres with carbon dots (CDs) encapsulated inside is reported. The resulting phosphorescent SiO2 nanospheres are unaffected by the type of surface defects or heteroatom doped in CDs, but rely on C─Si covalent bonds to stabilize the excited triplet state (T1). The high degree of integration of chemiluminescent molecules and physical unit arrays offers the possibility of PCs with RTP emission in various physical morphologies. The assembled tri‐state PCs exhibit vivid structural colors, blue PL and green RTP under different light stimulation. Additionally, an intelligent thermal‐responsive optically tri‐state PC gel is successfully fabricated by self‐assembly of colloidal particles in suspensions. The optical signals (including structural color, transmittance, PL, and RTP) of the gels exhibit complementary properties regulated by temperature in the reflection and transmission modes. The general strategy and multifunctionality of these tri‐state PCs and gels open new avenues for applications in decorative coatings, tri‐morphology recyclable smart windows, and information encryption.
Nitrogen‐Doped Hollow Porous Carbon Bowls Optimizing Maleic Acid Dissolution for Fast Kinetic and Long‐Life Lithium‐Organic Batteries
Authors: Zhou Jianzhong , Xu Ning , Su Lihong , Chen Jin , Hu Xuebu , Li Sha , Hu Zhongli , Xu Yunlan , Xu Liangliang , Liu Junjie , Zhang Li 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOrganic conjugated carboxylic acids are promising anodes for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) owing to their high specific capacity, design flexibility, and environmental friendliness. Unfortunately, similar to polysulfides, organic conjugated carboxylic acid materials and their redox intermediates suffer from poor intrinsic electronic conductivity, severe dissolution issues, and the resulting shuttle effect, thereby giving rise to rapid capacity decay and poor cycling stability. Herein, a SiO2 template‐assisted pyrolysis strategy is developed to prepare nitrogen‐doped hollow porous carbon bowls (N‐HPCB) as highly efficient hosts for organic conjugated carboxylic acids (maleic acid, MA). Benefiting from the large specific surface area, rational pore structure, and numerous nitrogen defect sites, N‐HPCB can remarkably suppress the dissolution of MA and its redox intermediates (LixMA) through both physical confinement and chemical bonding and facilitate the LixMA conversion. With these merits, the MA@HPCB electrodes deliver a high reversible specific capacity of 1134.9 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, exceptional long‐term cyclability (retaining 328.8 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1 after 985 cycles), and outstanding rate capability (189.1 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1). Thus, the work provides a new approach to achieving a high‐rate and highly stable organic conjugated carboxylic acid materials.
Bottlebrush Hydrogels with Hidden Length: Super‐Swelling and Mechanically Robust
Authors: Wang Claire J. , Vashahi Foad , Moutsios Ioannis , Umarov Akmal Z. , Ageev Georgiy G. , Wang Zilu , Ivanov Dimitri A. , Dobrynin Andrey V. , Sheiko Sergei S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHydrogels are explored for applications in agriculture, water purification, and biomedicine, leveraging softness, elasticity, and high water uptake. However, hydrogels are notoriously brittle, especially at high water content. This shortcoming puts the improvement of hydrogel mechanics at the forefront of current research. Yet modern strategies for enhancing gel resilience come at the expense of softness and swelling. This problem is addressed using bottlebrush networks with disentangled strands and hidden length reservoirs, which synergistically enhance gel swelling and robustness while maintaining their softness. Implementing a facile one‐pot synthesis of single‐stranded bottlebrush networks with a relatively hydrophobic poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) backbone and hydrophilic poly(2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline) (PMOx) side chains, hydrogels are prepared with a modulus below <1 kPa and swelling ratios up to 125 that can withstand up to 10‐fold extension.
High‐Performance GeSe‐Based Thermoelectrics via Cu‐Doping
Authors: Zhang Min , Shi Xiao‐Lei , Mao Yuanqing , Li Meng , Moshwan Raza , Cao Tianyi , Chen Wenyi , Yin Liangcao , Lyu Wanyu , Chen Yongqi , Liu Siqi , Liu Wei‐Di , Liu Qingfeng , Tang Guihua , Chen Zhi‐Gang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRhombohedral GeSe is a promising p‐type thermoelectric material, noted for its low toxicity, environmental friendliness, and greater affordability compared with tellurides. However, its thermoelectric performance still requires further enhancement for practical applications. In this work, a highly competitive peak figure of merit (ZT) of 1.24 at 623 K for p‐type polycrystalline Ge0.895Cu0.005Se0.9(AgBiTe2)0.1, along with a high average ZT of 0.74 between 323 K and 623 K is reported. Comprehensive micro/nanostructural characterization reveals that alloying with AgBiTe2 and doping with Cu successfully induce dense point defects, secondary Ag2Te phases, and various nanoprecipitates in the GeSe matrix. These abundant crystalline and lattice defects result in strong phonon scattering, leading to an ultra‐low lattice thermal conductivity of 0.35 W m−1 K−1 at 623 K. Moreover, Cu doping enhances carrier mobility, promoting decoupling between carriers and phonons. This allows for low thermal conductivity and high power factor coexistence to achieve a high ZT. Additionally, with a temperature difference of 325 K, the theoretical energy conversion efficiency reaches up to 8.5%, indicating great potential for medium‐temperature device applications. This work suggests that Cu doping is an effective strategy for achieving high thermoelectric performance in rhombohedral GeSe‐based materials.
Intelligent Hand‐Gesture Recognition Based on Programmable Topological Metasurfaces
Authors: Ma Qian , Gu Ze , Gao Xinxin , Chen Long , Qin Shi Long , Wu Qian Wen , Xiao Qiang , You Jian Wei , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntelligent recognition of human positioning, posture, and hand‐gesture based on wireless electromagnetic (EM) induction has recently garnered widespread attention and is anticipated to find wide applications in various smart scenarios. Here a novel and robust hand gesture recognition method based on programmable topological metasurfaces is presented. By exploiting the programmability of surface waves by the topological metasurfaces, multi‐dimensional near‐field coupling pathways are flexibly constructed to extract the EM feature information corresponding to different hand gestures. An intelligent EM acquisition system that can rapidly capture the EM information of the topological metasurface for different gesture coupling conditions is built. The EM transmission data for thousands of gestures to train the neural network, which can achieve a recognition accuracy of more than 99% for 5 single‐hand gestures, and 25 two‐hand gesture combinations are experimentally collected. It is expected that the proposed scheme will advance the research in human body wireless sensing and promote the intelligent sensing applications of the topological metasurfaces.
Efficient Electrochemical Ozone and Hydrogen Peroxide Production by Synergistic Effect of Atomically Dispersed Pt, Boron and Nitrogen Doped 2D Diamonds
Authors: Lu Mengmeng , Liu Xu , Jing Changfei , Wang Xiaosa , Ding Lei , Gao Fengying , Ren Linhan , Dai Sheng , Zhong Xing , Wang Jianguo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe electrochemical co‐synthesis of H₂O₂ and O₃ holds substantial potential for environmental sustainability and energy conservation. However, synthesizing electrocatalysts with appropriate adsorption energies for intermediates in the electrochemical pairwise electrosynthesis of H₂O₂ and O₃ remains a major challenge. In this study, boron and nitrogen‐doped 2D diamonds (BND) and atomically dispersed Pt₁/BND electrocatalysts are systematically designed and synthesized to facilitate the two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e⁻ ORR) and electrochemical ozone production (EOP), respectively. The BND and Pt₁/BND electrocatalysts exhibit remarkable electrochemical activity, with BND achieving 90.7% selectivity for H₂O₂ and Pt₁/BND attaining a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 12.54% for EOP. The Pt monatomic species, with a loading of 0.13%, are predominantly distributed along the edges of the Pt₁/BND. Theoretical calculations reveal that their superior properties primarily stem from the phase transition to graphene fractions at the edges, which facilitate moderate adsorption of oxygen intermediates and modulate the electronic structure through synergistic interactions between the dopant elements. Additionally, the 2D diamonds exhibit favorable mass transfer properties. The integration of H₂O₂ and O₃ for the synergistic degradation of organic contaminants and sterilization further showcase the practical utility of BND and Pt₁/BND electrocatalysts.
Bioinspired Superhydrophobic Triboelectric Materials for Energy Harvesting
Authors: Ye Ziyi , Liu Tao , Du Guoli , Shao Yuzheng , Wei Zhiting , Zhang Song , Chi Mingchao , Wang Jinlong , Wang Shuangfei , Nie Shuangxi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDrawing inspiration from nature has served as a crucial driving force behind human progress, enabling groundbreaking advancements and cross‐disciplinary integration through the emulation of biological superhydrophobic phenomena. Bioinspired superhydrophobic triboelectric materials stand out among advanced triboelectric materials due to their unique hydrophobic properties, exceptional moisture resistance, and remarkable electrical performance. However, the inherent complexity of natural phenomena and the need for refinement in bioinspired design pose significant challenges in the development of bioinspired superhydrophobic triboelectric materials. This comprehensive review delves into bioinspired superhydrophobic triboelectric materials from the perspectives of theoretical underpinnings, fabrication strategies, and cutting‐edge applications. Rooted in the interaction mechanisms between water molecules and triboelectric materials, the importance of enhanced hydrophobic properties is elucidated. A systematic overview of bioinspired superhydrophobic triboelectric materials’ construction strategies is presented, offering fresh perspectives and insights into the development and application of high‐performance triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). Finally, the current challenges and untapped opportunities in bioinspired superhydrophobic triboelectric materials are summarized to fully unlock their potential for applications in TENGs.
De Novo Construction of pKa‐Tunable Xanthene Molecules for pH Sensitive Fluorescence Navigation
Authors: Zhang Li‐Na , Chen Shan‐Yong , Shi Lei , Ran Xiao‐Yun , Zhang Hong , Moon Huiyeon , Lee Yubin , Yu Xiao‐Qi , Kim Jong Seung , Li Kun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractpH is spatiotemporal variable dynamically in physiological and pathological processes, and the tiny pH changes can result completely different physiological processes. However, the major drawbacks of conventional pH‐activatable probes are their large acid‐base transition width and the challenge to adjust their pKa suitable for various application. In response to these issues, a novel approach is proposed to realize sensitive response and a general strategy to construct a multicolor and pKa‐tunable xanthene‐based platform. In these probes, the narrowest acid‐base transition range is just 1 pH units, achieved by introducing the electron‐rich pyridine as ingenious proton catcher. Especially, Si‐4Py owns near‐infrared (NIR) signal and pKa of 5.56, which is successfully used for the rapid and high‐contrast imaging of distal metastatic tumors. This has significant implications for guiding surgeons in the removal of these tumors and ultimately improve patient outcomes. Additional, the sustainably innovative strategy proposed by this work can serve as effective reference in pH probe development.
Hydrophobic Paper Used to Construct a Disposable Chemiresistive Immunosensor for the Simultaneous Detection of FB1 and AFB1
Authors: He Yue , Wang Hui , Yu Zhixue , Tang Xiangfang , Zhou Mengting , Guo Yuming , Xiong Benhai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCo‐contamination of mycotoxins produced by fungi in foodstuffs and feeds causes a tremendous health risk to humans and animals. The simultaneous detection of multiple mycotoxins using a cost‐effective and point‐of‐care technology is key to ensuring food safety. In this study, a disposable biosensor with two individual sensing channels is prepared on an affordable cellulose paper substrate and used to simultaneously detect fumatoxin B1 (FB1) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). The biosensor pattern is outlined by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and the hydrophobic interface of the sensing channels is created using octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS). Semiconducting single‐wall carbon nanotubes (s‐SWCNTs) are deposited onto the central zones to serve as the sensing elements and SWCNTs are deposited into the bilateral areas as wire. After functionalization of the s‐SWCNTs, anti‐FB1 and anti‐AFB1 are separately immobilized on the different sensing regions to capture the targeted mycotoxins. Under the optimal conditions, this developed s‐SWCNTs‐based biosensor array achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 8.23 pg mL−1 for FB1 and 7.48 pg mL−1 for AFB1. As a demonstration, spiked corn samples are measured using this biosensor and recovery rates are not inferior to commercial enzyme‐linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Overall, the cost‐effective, highly sensitive, and multiplexed biosensor platform fabricated by this approach shows great potential for detecting multiple mycotoxins.