bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of in situ PCR for the Detection of Bovine Leukaemia Virus (BLV) Infection in Dendritic Cell cultures
Authors: Iwan Ewelina , Szczotka Maria , Kuźmak Jacek 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The aim of the study was to develop an in situ PCR (IS-PCR) method for detection of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) in cell cultures. Samples from five BLV positive and five BLV negative cows were collected and dendritic cells (DCs) from blood, bone marrow, spleen, and lymph node were cultured. Cultures prepared from healthy animals were infected with BLV. After two weeks, the cells were tested by nested PCR and IS-PCR for the presence of proviral DNA. As a positive control adherent cell line permanently infected with BLV was used. BLV was successfully detected by IS-PCR in DCs from naturally infected cattle and DCs infected in vitro. In control, non-infected DCs, the results of the reaction were negative. The results of provirus detection by IS-PCR were similar with these performed with nested PCR. Additionally, IS-PCR provides many advantages, like specific localisation of infection and smaller number of cells needed as template for PCR.
Serological Study on Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus Infection in Pig Population in Poland Between 2008 and 2011
Authors: Lipowski Andrzej 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In total, 14 608 pig sera, collected between 2008 and 2011, were tested with ELISA using antibodies specific for bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV). All doubtful and positive samples were retested by virus neutralisation test (neutralising peroxidase-linked assay). The BVDV seroreagents were detected in 11 (68.75%) out of 16 provinces, the seroprevalence varied from 0.1% to 1.04% (average 0.31%). The obtained results indicate that the prevalence of BVDV infection in pig population in Poland is low.
Ovarian Histopathological Changes in Mares with Uterine Endometrosis
Authors: Katkiewicz Maria , Witkowski Maciej , Zając Sylwester 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The aim of the study was to find out the relationship between the progression of endometrosis and the appearance of the structural microscopic changes in mares’ ovaries. The investigation was performed on slaughtered mares of various age and breed. Four groups each received a portion of the specimens, and designation to group was according to the stage of endometrosis determined on the basis of Kenney’s classification. Uterine and ovarian sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. The results of the microscopic evaluation were compared between mares classified into specific Kenney’s categories. It was shown that an increase in ovarian follicular cysts was related to mares’ ages and correlated with significant progression of the endometrosis. These observations suggest that the same aetiological factors may take part both in triggering disorders of ovarian oo/folliculogenesis and in spurring uterine endometrosis. Further more detailed methods of investigation are needed to elucidate the mechanisms of both disease processes.
Manifestation of Tumours in Domestic Animals in Warmia and Mazury (Poland) Between 2003 and 2011
Authors: Gesek Michał , Rotkiewicz Tadeusz , Otrocka-Domagała Iwona , Paździor-Czapula Katarzyna , Kozłowska Agnieszka , Korzeniowska Patrycja , Grochowska Katarzyna , Welenc Joanna 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Samples of tumours collected during necropsies or received from veterinary clinics, as well as biopsies were analysed. The analysis revealed 2259 tumours, including 1814 (80.30%) cases from dogs, followed by 295 (13.06%) cases from cats, 79 (3.50%) cases from horses, and 71 (3.14%) cases from exotic animals. Skin and subcutaneous tissue (45% of dogs and 48% of cats), and mammary gland (23% of dogs and 29% of cats) were the most common location of tumours. Malignant forms prevailed in dogs (59%), cats (66%), and horses (89%). The analysis revealed interesting facts concerning the middle age of dogs and cats with tumours present with a peak in nine-year-old dogs and 10-12-year-old cats.
Correlation Between the Concentration of Lead in the Blood of Dogs and People Living in the Same Environmental Conditions
Authors: Monkiewicz Jerzy , Rogowska Katarzyna A. , Mielnikiewicz Anna , Grosicki Andrzej 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The studies, conducted between 2010 and 2012, involved 102 dogs and 505 people from Lower Silesia (LS), 104 dogs and 578 people from the Legnica - Głogów Copper Mining Region (LGCMR), and 101 dogs and 897 people from the Upper Silesian Industrial Region (USIR). A significant positive correlation between blood lead concentration (BLC) in dogs and people living in the same environment was found. Moreover, the data revealed an increase in BLC in dogs and people with the progressive aging of the body. The highest average BLC in dogs and humans were reported in the LGCMR followed by USIR and LS.
Alterations of Liver Histomorphology in Relation to Copper Supplementation in Inorganic and Organic Form in Growing Rats
Authors: Tomaszewska Ewa , Dobrowolski Piotr , Kwiecień Małgorzata , Burmańczuk Natalia , Badzian Barbara , Szymańczyk Sylwia , Kurlak Paulina 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to define the effects of diet containing the same mineral content of mineral salt or amino acid chelate, and diet containing various levels of Cu amino acid chelate on liver histomorphometry in growing rats. Male Wistar rats were used in the 12th week experiment. The control group (n = 12) was fed standard diet, which provided Cu in an inorganic form at the level required for rats. The experimental animals were divided into four groups (each n = 12) depending on different levels (100%, 75%, 50%, 25% covered daily demand) of Cu supplementation in chelated form. Cu content was determined in the liver tissue and blood plasma. Immunohistochemical staining with caspase-3 antibody was performed. Microscopic assessment of the liver structure indicated that Cu supplementation did not change the liver architecture. However, histomorphometric analysis revealed a significant increase in the number of nuclei, total cell number, and multinucleated hepatocytes in rats supplemented with the organic form of Cu at the level of 25% compared with the control group. There was a considerable increase in the number of apoptotic cells and ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes, especially in groups supplemented with organic form of Cu covering the daily demand in 100% and 75%, in comparison to control group. Moreover, there was no Cu deposition in the liver and changes in Cu content in blood. Cu provided in the diet in organic form covering an amount of its minimum daily demand in 25% appears to be the least harmful with regard to the liver. It indicates that there is a need to establish the level of diet supplementation with Cu amino acid chelates.
The Structure of Unemployment in Poland and the European Union Between 2000 and 2012
Authors: Kwiatkowska Walentyna 
Published: October 2014

This paper has two main objectives. The first is to show changes in the levels of unemployment and unemployment rates in Poland and other European Union countries and to explain why the Polish rates are relatively high. The second is to analyse the structure of unemployment by gender, age, levels of education, and duration of unemployment. In order to assess the Polish unemployment structure it is compared with the analogous structures in the other European Union countries.
The analysis will indicate the groups of the labour force with high risk of unemployment. Among the groups of high risk of unemployment are women, youth, people with low skills, and the long-term unemployed.
Filtracja Z Utworzeniem Osadu o Małej Ściśliwości Na Siatce Filtracyjnej
Authors: Piecuch Tadeusz , Piekarski Jacek , Malatyñska Grażyna 
Published: October 2014

Streszczenie
Publikacja przedstawia metodê określenia koñcowych równañ procesu filtracji przy stałym prze-pływie V/t dla różnych wartości współczynnika ściśliwości sO równym odpowiednio 1/4, 1/5 oraz 1/6. Tym współczynnikom ściśliwości odpowiadają koñcowe równania filtracji według zapisów 28, 35 oraz 42. Odnośne koñcowe równania filtracji zostały wyprowadzone na podstawie ogólnego równania filtracji według zapisu 3 dla szczególnego przypadku stałego przepływu według zapisu 6.
Ogólnie równanie filtracji według zapisu 3, wyprowadzone z ogólnego równania Darcy'ego przepływu płynu przez warstwê porowatą (Ciborowski 1965; Dahlstrom i Nickolaus 1956; Hertjess 1948; Hertjess i Haas 1949; Le Lec 1962; Palica i in. 2008; Rodziewicz i in. 2011; Wiśniewski i in. 2013) według zapisu 1 zostało dla przekształconej postaci w zapisie 6 rozwiązane przy założeniu, że wystêpujące w mianowniku ciśnienie jest ciśnieniem motorycznym procesu, a wiêc tym samym ciśnieniem do którego odnosi siê licznik w równaniu wyjściowym według zapisu 3 - to jest określone nowe podejście w analizie teoretycznej procesu, które zostało przedstawione już w innych wcześ-niejszych publikacjach m.in. (Piecuch i in. 2013; Piecuch 2009, 2010).
Niniejsza publikacja jest kontynuacją rozważañ przedstawionych w pracy (Piecuch i in. 2013), w której wyprowadzono równania filtracji o stałym przepływie dla osadu o dużej ściśliwości, a wiêc takiej dla której współczynnik ściśliwości sO wyniósł odpowiednio 1/2, 1/3 oraz 2/3.
Przeprowadzona analiza teoretyczna wskazuje, że nie można sformułowaæ jednego uniwersal-nego równania filtracji, w którym wystêpuje jako parametr współczynnik ściśliwości sO i za ten współczynnik do takiego jednego równania można podstawiaæ liczbową wartośæ tego współczynnika i wyliczaæ przepływ medium w tym procesie. Dla każdej nowej wartości współczynnika ściśliwości sO trzeba wyprowadziæ dla takiego szczególnego przypadku nowe równanie filtracji, jak tu przykładowo przedstawione koñcowe równania w zapisie 28, 35 oraz 42.
W praktyce inżynierskiej tego typu filtracjê mieszanin przez siatkê filtracyjną można spotkaæ w filtrach próżniowych lub ciśnieniowych w zakładach przeróbki mechanicznej kopalñ wêgla lub rud w obiegach wodno-mułowych (Palica i in. 2007, 2009, 2010a, 2010b; Palica i Kocurek 2001, 2003; Piecuch 2010; Sówka i Piecuch 1974).
Badanie Suszenia Słomy I Wêgla Brunatnego W Suszarce Multicyklonowej
Authors: Dzik Tomasz , Czerski Grzegorz 
Published: October 2014

Streszczenie
Proces suszenia jest niezbêdnym elementem podczas wytwarzania paliw kompozytowych z bio-masy i wêgla. Omawiana suszarka multicyklonowa jest oryginalnym rozwiązaniem konstrukcyjnym opracowanym i opatentowanym przez AGH, które może byæ wykorzystane w trakcie przygotowanie surowca do procesu scalania. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów suszenia rozdrobnionej słomy i wêgla brunatnego w doświadczalnej suszarce multicyklonowej oraz rezultaty obliczeñ symu-lacyjnych jej pracy. Do utworzenia modelu numerycznego CFD (Computational Fluids Dynamics) procesu suszenia w suszarce multicyklonowej wykorzystano oprogramowanie ANSYS Fluent. Dziêki modelowaniu numerycznemu CFD uzyskano informacje na temat pracy i funkcjonowania wymie-nionej suszarki. Zaprezentowano szereg uzyskanych w trakcie obliczeñ rezultatów, tj.: temperatury i zawartości wilgoci dla surowca i gazu suszącego, zmianê zawartości wilgoci surowca na posz-czególnych stopniach suszarki, wpływ uziarnienia paliwa na stopieñ jego odparowania, rozkłady najważniejszych parametrów pracy suszarki dla gazu do suszenia i suszonych ziaren oraz czas przebywania surowca w poszczególnych stopniach suszarki. Ponadto wyznaczono współczynnik wymiany ciepła w suszarce multicyklonowej, który wynosi do 250 W/(m2K). Przeprowadzone próby na stanowisku doświadczalnym suszenia biomasy i wêgla brunatnego oraz obliczenia symulacyjne potwierdziły słusznośæ przyjêtej koncepcji suszenia z wykorzystaniem cyklonów w układzie szere-gowym. Suszarka wykazała zdolnośæ do obniżenia o 15% wilgoci w słomie przy zastosowaniu niskiej temperatury suszenia, tj. 170°C dla zastêpczego rozmiaru ziarna 1,5 mm. W przypadku suszenia rozdrobnionego wêgla brunatnego dla rozmiaru zastêpczego ziarna 0,5 mm, ilośæ wilgoci zmniej-szyła siê o 21%. Badana suszarka multicyklonowa wykazała dużą dynamikê procesu suszenia, która wynosi 3%/s w przypadku suszenia rozdrobnionej słomy i 4%/s dla rozdrobnionego wêgla brunatnego.
Nanosilver: A Catalyst in Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Starch
Authors: Falkowska Marta , Molga Eugeniusz J. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Silver nanoparticles are widely used, because of their antimicrobial properties. In this paper, the rate of starch digestion in the presence of nanocatalyst was compared with the rate of reaction without nanosilver. The rate of enzymatic degradation of starch was found to be increased in the presence of silver nanoparticles. It is considered that α-amylase was immobilized onto the surface of nanoparticles.
Complex time management in databases
Authors: Kvet Michal , Matiaško Karol , Kvet Marek 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Temporal database is an extension of the concept of standard databases which process only current valid data. Temporal structure is not based only on managing historical data, but it should also model the data, the validity of which will be in the future in special structures. This paper deals with the temporal structure on object level in comparison with the column level temporal data. It describes the principles, required methods, procedures, functions and triggers to provide the functionality of this system. It also defines the possible implementations and offers the solution to get the snapshot of the database or the object whenever during the existence. The reason for column level solution development is based on the heterogeneity of the attributes time. Some attributes, however, do not change their values over the time or are updated very rarely, and therefore it is not necessary to record the new values for these attributes.
DSL-driven generation of Graphical User Interfaces
Authors: Bačíková Michaela , Porubän Jaroslav 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Domain-specific languages (DSLs) are becoming more and more popular. However, the number of DSLs is still small when comparing to the number of existing applications. The results of our previous research showed that it is possible to speed up the DSL development process by aiding the first development phases (design and implementation). More specifically it is possible to generate DSLs from existing GUIs (Graphical User Interfaces) of component-based applications. Now we want to use the generated DSLs and their models to generate new user interfaces or even whole new applications. To verify this claim, in this paper we use existing technologies which simplify the creation of web applications: iTasks. We also describe stereotypes of creating GUIs which we used to extract data from existing applications and to generate new applications. In the last part of this paper we limit the types of applications, which can be used for extraction based on our experiments with the prototype.
Question of Consciousness: to Quantum Mechanics for the Answers
Authors: Karpenko Ivan A. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The article presents the possible role of consciousness in quantum-mechanical description of physical reality. The widely spread interpretations of quantum phenomena are considered as indicating the apparent connection between conscious processes (such as observation) and the properties of the microcosm. The reasons for discrepancies between the results of observations of the microcosm and macrocosm and the potential association of consciousness with these reasons are closely investigated. The mentioned connection is meant to be interpreted in the sense that the probable requirement for a complete understanding of quantum theory is the adequate description of consciousness within it and that the correct theory of consciousness should include quantum-mechanical theoretical apparatus. In this context, the question about the methods of scientific cognition is discussed, in particular, the problem of the place and the importance of intellectual intuition in science and philosophy of science. The author draws the conclusions about the current state of the “measuring” consciousness. problem in its relationship with
Fibular Malalignment in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability
Authors: Kobayashi Takumi , Suzuki Eiichi , Yamazaki Naohito , Suzukawa Makoto , Akaike Atsushi , Shimizu Kuniaki , Gamada Kazuyoshi 
Published: October 2014

Study Design Case series. Objectives To determine whether abnormal fibular alignment is present in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) using 3-D analysis of computed tomography (CT)-based bone models. Background A positional difference of the distal fibula in individuals with unilateral CAI, when compared to the contralateral side, has been suggested. However, previous studies report no consistent pattern of fibular malalignment in the anteroposterior direction and, to our knowledge, no study has investigated mediolateral malalignment. Methods Seventeen males with unilateral CAI (mean ± SD age, 21.0 ± 2.4 years) and no history of injury in the contralateral side were enrolled. Geometric bone models of the tibia and fibula were created from non-weight-bearing CT images, and anatomical coordinate systems were embedded in the tibia model. Bilateral tibiae were superimposed using a best-fit algorithm that moved the tibia to the position of best congruity, and the amount of side-to-side difference in position of the fibulae was measured. The anteroposterior and mediolateral positional difference of the fibula of the ankle with CAI relative to the contralateral ankle, for the distal 10 cm of the fibula length, was determined using a color-coded map. Results The fibula of the ankle with CAI was significantly more lateral (0.57–0.68 mm) than that of the contralateral healthy ankle at all reference points from distal 10 cm to the lateral malleolus. There was no significant difference in anteroposterior position between the healthy ankles and those with CAI. Conclusion This study detected malalignment of the distal fibula in ankles with CAI in a non-weight-bearing position. The fibula of the ankles with CAI had a significantly more lateral position than that of the healthy ankles, which may contribute to recurrent lateral ankle sprain or giving-way episodes. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014;44(11):872–878. Epub 9 October 2014. doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.5217
Uncertainties in Antarctic sea-ice thickness retrieval from ICESat
Authors: Kern Stefan , Spreen Gunnar 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA sensitivity study was carried out for the lowest-level elevation method to retrieve total (sea ice + snow) freeboard from Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) elevation measurements in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Varying the percentage (P) of elevations used to approximate the instantaneous sea-surface height can cause widespread changes of a few to ˃10cm in the total freeboard obtained. Other input parameters have a smaller influence on the overall mean total freeboard but can cause large regional differences. These results, together with published ICESat elevation precision and accuracy, suggest that three times the mean per gridcell single-laser-shot error budget can be used as an estimate for freeboard uncertainty. Theoretical relative ice thickness uncertainty ranges between 20% and 80% for typical freeboard and snow properties. Ice thickness is computed from total freeboard using Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) snow depth data. Average ice thickness for the Weddell Sea is 1.73 ± 0.38 m for ICESat measurements from 2004 to 2006, in agreement with previous work. The mean uncertainty is 0.72 ± 0.09 m. Our comparison with data of an alternative approach, which assumes that sea-ice freeboard is zero and that total freeboard equals snow depth, reveals an average sea-ice thickness difference of ∼0.77m.
8. Le monde universitaire, un laboratoire d'analyse des différences d'avancement de carrière des hommes et des femmes
Authors: Bosquet Clément , Combes Pierre-Philippe , García-Peñalosa Cecilia , Ben Yahmed Sarra , Dufour Camille 
Published: October 2014

En se concentrant sur le milieu académique français, les auteurs cherchent à expliquer la sous-représentation des femmes dans les postes se situant au sommet de la hiérarchie. Trois hypothèses sont testées : la discrimination à l’encontre des femmes dans le processus de promotion, les différences de comportement en situation de compétition et les moindres performances des femmes aux épreuves de concours. Les auteurs exploitent une base de données riche qui renseigne les caractéristiques des candidats, potentiels et effectifs, et les résultats des épreuves. Ils démontrent ainsi que les femmes ont une moindre probabilité de se présenter à ces concours de promotion. Il reste à savoir si cette attitude est due à un manque de confiance ou si c’est le résultat de l’anticipation rationnelle d’une discrimination de la part des femmes.
Mes copains, ces héros
Authors: Buisson-Fenet Hélène , Buisson-Fenet Emmanuel 
Published: October 2014

Résumé	Depuis Marius et Jeannette , le grand public a découvert, chez Robert Guédiguian, un cinéaste tranquillement acharné à décrire la vie ouvrière, à écrire l’odyssée du quartier de l’Estaque. On sait aussi que son œuvre est inséparable d’un petit groupe d’amis, présent derrière comme devant la caméra : communauté de travail, à mille lieues des clichés sur « la grande famille du cinéma ». Mais comment nouer ensemble un propos politique, un désir de fiction et les liens de l’amitié ? Il faudrait inventer un verbe : époper. Et le dire avec l’accent du Sud.
Revenu garanti pour tous avec ou sans emploi, trois arguments
Authors: Revel Jeanne , Guilloteau Laurent 
Published: October 2014

Résumé	Les luttes des chômeurs et précaires de l’hiver 1997-1998 ont placé au cœur du débat public la revendication d’un revenu garanti. L’augmentation massive (1500 FF) des minimasociaux, l’ouverture d’un droit au revenu pour les jeunes, l’exigence de l’attribution d’aides financières d’urgence (la "prime de Noël" des chômeurs marseillais), ont été les formes prises par cette revendication. Résultats du conflit, 600 000 aides d’urgence versées, l’ASS (Allocation de Solidarité Spécifique), l’AI (Allocation (...)
Heiner Müller
Authors: Bonnaud Irène 
Published: October 2014

Résumé	Les pièces écrites par Heiner Müller entre 1955 et 1965 sont encore pratiquement inconnues en France. On comprend vaguement pourquoi : les premières années de la RDA paraissent désormais plongées dans le même brouillard opaque que la guerre des deux roses chez Shakespeare. Et pourtant ce n’est pas par simple souci archéologique que le Berliner Ensemble a fermé ses portes le 30 avril dernier sur une représentation des Paysans : les premières pièces de Müller sont les plus beaux textes du théâtre allemand de l’après-guerre - ceux que Brecht, par prudence ou par fatigue, a renoncé à écrire. Inventaire et morceaux choisis.
Par morceaux entiers
Authors: Rouabhi Mohamed 
Published: October 2014

Résumé VACARME a proposé à Mohamed Rouabhi, auteur dramatique (Les acharnés, 1994 ; Les nouveaux bâtisseurs, 1997), de suivre son travail dans le cadre du projet de collaboration artistique qui relie Épinay-Sur-Seine à Ramallah, ville autonome de la Palestine. Un premier chapitre de cette aventure, intitulé « L’écriture avant Ramallah », figurait dans la rubrique Minorités du n°8 de VACARME, consacrée aux Exils en Palestine. C’est la rubrique Processus qui accueille cette fois Mohamed Rouabhi après son premier long séjour à Ramallah, où il a animé des ateliers d’écriture.
Marnie
Authors: Desrousseaux Christine 
Published: October 2014

Résumé	Marnie Louise a vingt-six ans. Depuis cinq ans, elle dresse des tigres. Chaque jour, sur la piste du cirque, elle fait face à sept fauves adultes (panthera tigris de la famille des félidés) qui doivent peser chacun dans les 250 kg. C’est une jeune femme brune, de taille moyenne. Son regard direct, d’une intense couleur vert émeraude, vous fixe avec une certaine réserve mais sans arrière-pensées. Marnie Louise est belle. Elle accepte dans un sourire d’être interviewée par une néophyte qui n’a même (...)