bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nivolumab maintenance improves overall survival of patients with advanced melanoma who experience severe immune-related adverse events on nivolumab plus ipilimumab
Authors: Maloney Anna K , Giobbie-Hurder Anita , Katukota Nikita , Fogarasi Miklos C , Ott Patrick A , Hodi F Stephen , Sussman Tamara A , Silk Ann W , Haq Rizwan , Liu David , Insco Megan , Buchbinder Elizabeth I 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab is a highly effective treatment for metastatic cutaneous melanoma. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are common, often necessitating treatment interruption and the use of immunosuppressive agents. There is no data on the impact of resuming nivolumab on survival following recovery from the irAE and completion of immunosuppressive treatment.Patients and methodsIn this retrospective analysis, we examined a cohort of patients treated with ipilimumab/nivolumab who developed irAEs requiring treatment interruption and immunosuppressive therapy. The differences in physician practice patterns at our institution allowed us to examine the survival effect of restarting single-agent nivolumab. A multivariate analysis of clinical factors associated with improved survival was performed.ResultsWe identified 165 patients who were treated with ipilimumab/nivolumab and developed irAEs requiring treatment interruption and immunosuppressive therapy. Patients with the best overall response of progressive disease were excluded. Of the remaining 122 patients, 46 resumed single-agent nivolumab. When stratified by age and adjusted for sex, M-stage, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), therapy duration, and irAE type, the effect of resumption of nivolumab on survival was highly significant (p=0.02). Patients who resumed nivolumab had a 68% reduction in the hazard of death compared with patients who had not yet or never resumed nivolumab (HR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.84). Of the patients who resumed nivolumab, 12 (26%) patients had subsequent irAEs, with five patients having grade 3 irAEs. No grade 4 or 5 irAEs were noted.ConclusionsResuming single-agent nivolumab following a treatment interruption for ipilimumab/nivolumab-associated irAE and completion of immunosuppressive therapy increased overall survival compared with discontinuing nivolumab permanently in patients with metastatic melanoma. Toxicity observed post-resumption of single-agent nivolumab was manageable with no severe irAEs observed.
Exploratory analysis of the potential disconnect between objective inflammatory response and clinical response following certolizumab pegol treatment in patients with active axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: Rudwaleit Martin , Marzo-Ortega Helena , Navarro-Compán Victoria , Tham Rachel , Kumke Thomas , Bauer Lars , de Peyrecave Natasha , Kim Mindy , Van den Bosch Filip 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThis post hoc analysis evaluated the relationship between objective measures of inflammation and clinical outcomes following 12 weeks of certolizumab pegol (CZP) treatment in patients with active axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA).MethodsWe report the proportion of patients achieving ≥50% and ≥75% improvements in clinical composite outcome measures of disease activity (Axial Spondyloarthritis Disease Activity Score [ASDAS], Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index [BASDAI]) and objective measures of inflammation (C reactive protein [CRP], Ankylosing Spondylitis spine MRI score [ASspiMRI-a] Berlin score and Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada [SPARCC] MRI Sacroiliac Joints [SIJ] score) following 12 weeks of CZP treatment. Data from two independent readers over four MRI reading campaigns were pooled using a mixed model with repeated measures for each variable.Results136 patients (radiographic axSpA [r-axSpA]: 76; non-radiographic axSpA [nr-axSpA]: 60) were included. Following CZP treatment, CRP, ASspiMRI-a Berlin score and SPARCC SIJ score were reduced by ≥50% in most patients (CRP: 136/136 [100.0%]; Berlin: 73/136 [53.7%]; SPARCC SIJ: 71/136 [52.2%]), and often by ≥75%. Less than half of patients with r-axSpA and nr-axSpA showed ≥50% reduction in clinical responses (BASDAI: 64/136 [47.1%]; ASDAS: 66/136 [48.5%]). These results were also observed at the individual patient level; ≥50% improvements in MRI/CRP inflammatory measures did not translate into similar improvements in clinical responses for most patients.ConclusionThere is a potential disconnect between objective measures of inflammation and clinical outcome responses in patients with axSpA. The use of only clinical response measures as trial endpoints may underestimate anti-inflammatory treatment effects.Trial registration numberNCT01087762.
Model-independent reconstruction of f(T) and f(R) gravity
Authors: Han Yufen , Li En-Kun , Xu Lixin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we revisit the model-independent reconstruction of f(T) and f(R) gravity at the cosmological background and linear matter density perturbation levels respectively via Gaussian process by using the currently available cosmic observations, which consist Pantheon+ SNe Ia samples, observed Hubble parameter H(z) and the redshift space distortion $$f\sigma _8(z)$$

f

σ
8

(
z
)

data points. For the f(T) gravity, we find the reconstructed form of f(T) from the background and perturbation levels cannot match each other well in 1$$\sigma $$
σ
regions, it might imply the tension between the background and perturbation evolutions. For the f(R) gravity, due to the existence of an extra degree for freedom $${\dot{F}}$$

F
˙

, the form of f(R) can be reconstructed by the addition of the growth rate function. The results show that the reconstructed form of f(R) might be viable in the redshift range of $$z<0.75$$

z
<
0.75

based on the currently available cosmic observations, for filling the requirement of $$f_{,R}>0$$

f

,
R

>
0

and $$f_{,RR}>0$$

f

,
R
R

>
0

to avoid a tachyonic instability and be ghosts free in theory.
Chaotic Grid-Scroll Attractors and Multistability in a Pair of Mutually Coupled Third-Order Systems
Authors: Mekak-Egong Hermann-Dior , Ramadoss Janarthanan , Kengne Jacques , Karthikeyan Anitha 
Published: August 2024

This research delves into simple Jerk-type dynamical networks, constructed using a specific bidirectional coupling scheme that influences the sub-oscillators and compound nonlinearity gradient functions that perturb each sub-unit of the network. The novelty of this work is to demonstrate a new pedagogical method able to stimulate the formation of higher-order multiscroll dynamics in the Jerk sub-oscillator. This is done by modeling a simple dynamic network built by applying a special bidirectional coupling between the Jerk sub-systems. Another novelty of this approach is that it allows us to study the collective dynamics of Jerk system networks, which has not yet been done in the literature. Multiscroll systems are exceedingly complex dynamically, making them valuable in chaos-based applications. The pedagogical approach used in this study is exceptional because it produces many additional equilibrium points (from 5 to 25 in dynamical network 1, and from 3 to 15 in dynamical network 2) in each Jerk sub-unit of the network. These equilibria elevate the complexity of Jerk systems by emulating higher-order multiscroll dynamics. The methodology used in this study is efficient and differs from those used in the literature, which mainly uses nonlinear multizero functions in dissipative systems. This research further explores the dynamic system characterization tools and conducts an experimental investigation on a microcontroller (ATMEGA2560) to confirm the predictions.
UK Trainee Experience with WALANT – An Audit of 102 Cases
Authors: SATKUNABALAN Maduri , KHAN Rabeet , NG Zhi Yang 
Published: August 2024

Background: WALANT has gained much popularity in recent years, especially with COVID-19. However, a recent survey of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand membership (i.e. attendings/consultants) showed that only 17% were exposed to WALANT during residency or fellowship training. There is much interest in WALANT from trainees, but interpretation of the type and volume to be administered is highly varied. Methods: The aims of this study were (1) to survey a group of plastic surgery trainees in the UK about their knowledge of WALANT formulas, and (2) to compare trainee logbook records of WALANT procedures (if available) with published data from the UK. Results: All trainees were familiar with the ‘standard’ WALANT formula (1% lidocaine, 1:100,000 adrenaline ± 8.4% NaHCO3) described by Lalonde. However, because of local formularies, rather than 1:100,000 adrenaline, all used 1:200,000 adrenaline as it comes premixed in the UK. Other formulas used by UK trainees included 0.5% bupivacaine + 1:200,000 adrenaline, and mixing 1% lidocaine + 1:200,000 adrenaline with 1% lidocaine 1:1. In comparing available trainee WALANT records with published UK data, the average volume of WALANT used was 6.6 mls in the current study versus 12.9 mls for similar procedures (wound debridement and skin closure ± local flap, digital nerve repair, fingertip reconstruction, thenar injuries, phalangeal fracture and single digit extensor repair); specifically, for single digit flexor tendon repairs, this was 10 mls versus 16.3 mls. Conclusions: While the British Society for Surgery of the Hand (BSSH) have developed official guidance for the use of WALANT in the UK, it appears there remains much variation in interpretation and hence, application. Comparison of trainee logbook records of common hand surgery procedures suggests that most can be done with much less WALANT administered than previously reported, with safe and reproducible results. Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
Metallosis Associated with Pyrocarbon Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Implant – A Case Report
Authors: HOPKINS Alyse Dianne , OU YANG Owen 
Published: August 2024

Arthroplasty of the small joints of the hand and fingers is a complex problem facing the hand surgeon. Pyrocarbon implants have been available for several decades. They were originally thought to provide better functional outcomes than silicone implants in patients, mostly due to recreation of the joint anatomy. In a recent publication, pyrocarbon proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) arthroplasty was found to have a higher complication and revision rate. We present a patient with pyrocarbon metallosis of the PIPJ in a revision arthroplasty procedure. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
ДОКТРИНАЛЬНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА КОРПОРАТИВНОГО СТРАХУВАННЯ ЯК РІЗНОВИДУ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО МЕДИЧНОГО СТРАХУВАННЯ ПРАЦІВНИКІВ СФЕРИ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я
Authors: Рудакова Л. О. 
Published: August 2024

Мета: впровадження корпоративного різновиду страхування працівників сфери охорони здоров’я, яке виведе сферу соціального страхування на високий рівень.
Матеріали і методи. У статті застосовували такі методи, як історичний, юридичний, порівняльно-правовий, системно-структурний та метод прогнозування. Також було проведено контент-аналіз необхідних документів із досліджуваної тематики.
Результати. Із метою подальшого розвитку корпоративного медичного страхування працівників сфери охорони здоров’я автор запропонував сформулювати сучасну модель корпоративного медичного страхування працівників сфери охорони здоров’я. Дана модель матиме на меті зменшення плинності висококваліфікованих кадрів, потрібно пропонувати належний соціальний захист працівникам сфери охорони здоров’я та членам їх родин. У зв’язку з тим, що плинність персоналу є серйозною проблемою, яка не тільки гальмує розвиток підприємства, але й вимагає істотних витрат часу на пошук, найм та адаптацію нових співробітників, корпоративне страхування має це зменшити. Саме спеціально розроблені страховими компаніями програми корпоративного страхування мають допомогти вирішити зазначену проблему щодо страхування працівників сфери охорони здоров’я. Водночас у такому важливому та вкрай актуальному експерименті впровадження корпоративного медичного страхування працівників сфери охорони здоров’я нам потрібна підтримка на державному рівні шляхом прийняття відповідних нормативних актів органами державної виконавчої влади. Саме тому вважаємо за доцільне запропонувати «Концепцію розвитку корпоративного медичного страхування працівників сфери охорони здоров’я».
Висновок. Із метою формулювання єдиної позиції щодо визначення корпоративного медичного страхування, на наш погляд, доцільно було б сформулювати авторську детермінанту корпоративного медичного страхування працівників сфери охорони здоров’я, під яким слід розуміти суспільні відносини, які виникають під час здійснення страхування працівників сфери охорони здоров’я і які виникають між страхувальником (страховою компанією та керівником закладу охорони здоров’я) та застрахованою особою (працівником сфери охорони здоров’я) і які породжують забезпечення медичними послугами при настанні страхового випадку.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НАДАННЯ СТРАХОВОГО ЗАХИСТУ ВІД COVID-19
Authors: Климук Н. Я. , Кравець Н. О. 
Published: August 2024

Мета: з’ясування особливостей надання страхового захисту від вірусу Сovid-19.
Матеріали і методи. Матеріалами для дослідження стали наукові статті вітчизняних науковців та електронні ресурси. Під час виконання даного дослідження використано методи аналізу, структурування, графічного представлення результатів та узагальнення інформації.
Результати. В економічному житті будь-якої країни одне з провідних місць займають страхові компанії. До головної функції страхування відноситься захист як юридичних, так і фізичних осіб від збитків, що, ймовірно, можуть виникнути у випадку настання страхових подій. Світова економіка апріорі не є стабільною, оскільки завжди чергуються цикли економічних піднесень та криз, у зв’язку з чим з’являються нові ризики й загрози, які породжують появу нових механізмів і технологій захисту. Пандемія Сovid-19, яка вразила світ на початку 2020 р., стала справжнім викликом для всього світу, породивши безліч загроз як для економік держав, так і для людей. Провівши детальне дослідження ситуації з Сovid-19, страхові компанії підлаштували свою діяльність під такі умови, здійснюючи страхові виплати постраждалим, фіксуючи прямі та непрямі витрати, а також прогнозуючи ситуацію у майбутньому.
Висновки. На основі здійснених досліджень було виявлено, що за умов пандемії для українського страхового ринку були створені нові умови провадження діяльності, що як формують можливості, так і стають причинами загроз. Були оперативно розроблені нові програми страхування українськими страховими компаніями задля надання медичного страхування, що передбачає фінансову підтримку у випадку захворювання на Сovid-19 або ускладнень від вакцинації.
GP VI–Mediated Platelet Activation and Procoagulant Activity Aggravate Inflammation and Aortic Wall Remodeling in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Feige Tobias , Bosbach Agnes , Krott Kim J. , Mulorz Joscha , Chatterjee Madhumita , Ortscheid Julia , Krüger Evelyn , Krüger Irena , Salehzadeh Niloofar , Goebel Silvia , Ibing Wiebke , Grandoch Maria , Münch Götz , Wagenhäuser Markus U. , Schelzig Hubert , Elvers Margitta 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Platelets play an important role in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a highly lethal, atherosclerosis-related disease with characteristic features of progressive dilatation of the abdominal aorta and degradation of the vessel wall, accompanied by chronic inflammation. Platelet activation and procoagulant activity play a decisive role in the AAA pathology as they might trigger AAA development in both mice and humans.

METHODS:
The present study investigated the impact of the major platelet collagen receptor GP (platelet glycoprotein) VI in pathophysiological processes underlying AAA initiation and progression. For experimental AAA induction in mice, PPE (porcine pancreatic elastase) and the external PPE model were used.

RESULTS:
Genetic deletion of GP VI offered protection of mice against aortic diameter expansion in experimental AAA. Mechanistically, GP VI deficiency resulted in decreased inflammation with reduced infiltration of neutrophils and platelets into the aortic wall. Furthermore, remodeling of the aortic wall was improved in the absence of GP VI, as indicated by reduced MMP (matrix metalloproteinase)-2/9 and OPN (osteopontin) plasma levels and an enhanced α-SMA (α-smooth muscle actin) content within the aortic wall, accompanied by reduced cell apoptosis. Consequently, an elevation in intima/media thickness and elastin content was observed in GP VI–deficient PPE mice, resulting in a significantly reduced aortic diameter expansion and reduced aneurysm incidence. In patients with AAA, enhanced plasma levels of soluble GP VI and fibrin, as well as fibrin accumulation within the intraluminal thrombus might serve as new biomarkers to detect AAA early. Moreover, we hypothesize that GP VI might play a role in procoagulant activity and thrombus stabilization via binding to fibrin.

CONCLUSIONS:
In conclusion, our results emphasize the potential need for a GP VI–targeted antiplatelet therapy to reduce AAA initiation and progression, as well as to protect patients with AAA from aortic rupture.
Prognostic Significance and Biologic Associations of Senescence‐Associated Secretory Phenotype Biomarkers in Heart Failure
Authors: Salman Oday , Zamani Payman , Zhao Lei , Dib Marie Joe , Gan Sushrima , Azzo Joe David , Pourmussa Bianca , Richards Arthur Mark , Javaheri Ali , Mann Douglas L. , Rietzschel Ernst , Zhao Manyun , Wang Zhaoqing , Ebert Christina , Liu Laura , Gunawardhana Kushan L. , Greenawalt Danielle , Carayannopoulos Leon , Chang Ching‐Pin , van Empel Vanessa , Gogain Joseph , Schafer Peter H. , Gordon David A. , Ramirez‐Valle Francisco , Cappola Thomas P. , Chirinos Julio A. 
Published: August 2024

Background
The role of cellular senescence in human heart failure (HF) remains unclear. The senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) is composed of proteins released by senescent cells. We assessed the prognostic significance and biologic pathways associated with the SASP in human HF using a plasma proteomics approach.

Methods and Results
We measured 25 known SASP proteins among 2248 PHFS (Penn HF Study) participants using the SOMAScan V4 assay. We extracted the common variance in these proteins to generate SASP factor scores and assessed the relationship between these SASP factor scores and (1) all‐cause death and (2) the composite of death or HF hospital admission. We also assessed the relationship of each SASP factor to 4746 other proteins, correcting for multiple comparisons, followed by pathway analyses. Two SASP factors were identified. Both factors were associated with older age, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, and more advanced New York Heart Association class, among other clinical variables. Both SASP factors exhibited a significant positive association with the risk of death independent of the Meta‐Analysis of Global‐Group in Chronic HF score and NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide) levels. The 2 identified SASP factors were associated with 1201 and 1554 proteins, respectively, belonging to various pathways including the coagulation system, complement system, acute phase response signaling, and retinoid X receptor–related pathways that regulate cell metabolism.

Conclusions
Increased SASP components are independently associated with adverse outcomes in HF. Biologic pathways associated with SASP are predominantly related to coagulation, inflammation, and cell metabolism.
On the Status Quo, Problems and Countermeasures of Crowdfunding Publishing in China
Authors: Yi Liao , Wenjuan Wang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Under the background of the Internet, many new publishing methods have been developed, and crowdfunding publishing is one of them. Crowdfunding publishing breaks the one-way static publishing environment of traditional publishing, and at the same time extends the traditional publishing industry chain, injecting new vitality into China’s publishing industry. By analyzing the larger crowdfunding platforms and crowdfunding publishing cases in China, this paper focuses on the development status and problems of crowdfunding publishing in China and tries to provide effective suggestions on the problems. Crowdfunding publishing has been developing in China for ten years, has attracted widespread attention in the industry from the very beginning. Moreover, it has developed rapidly in the context of crowdfunding economy, forming a relatively mature crowdfunding platform and model, with an increasing number of successful crowdfunding publishing projects demonstrating a certain degree of influence. However, China’s crowdfunding publishing is still in the early stage of development due to the imperfect laws and regulations of crowdfunding publishing, the profit model has not yet been successfully explored, and individual self-marketing is greater than quality content production. Only by strengthening the operation and construction of comprehensive crowdfunding platforms, striving to build vertical specialized crowdfunding platforms, and focusing on the publications themselves and content innovation, can China’s crowdfunding publishing break through and grow?
The Impact of Viewing Distance and Proprioceptive Manipulations on a Virtual Reality Based Balance Test
Authors: Teaford Max , Mularczyk Zachary J. , Gernon Alannah , Merfeld Daniel M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Our ability to maintain our balance plays a pivotal role in day-to-day activities. This ability is believed to be the result of interactions between several sensory modalities including vision and proprioception. Past research has revealed that different aspects of vision including relative visual motion (i.e., sensed motion of the visual field due to head motion), which can be manipulated by changing the viewing distance between the individual and the predominant visual cues, have an impact on balance. However, only a small number of studies have examined this in the context of virtual reality, and none examined the impact of proprioceptive manipulations for viewing distances greater than 3.5 m. To address this, we conducted an experiment in which 25 healthy adults viewed a dartboard in a virtual gymnasium while standing in narrow stance on firm and compliant surfaces. The dartboard distance varied with three different conditions of 1.5 m, 6 m, and 24 m, including a blacked-out condition. Our results indicate that decreases in relative visual motion, due to an increased viewing distance, yield decreased postural stability — but only with simultaneous proprioceptive disruptions.
Interview: Reflections on Three Decades of Islamic Nonviolence
Authors: Woerner-Powell Tom , Abu-Nimer Mohammed 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article comprises a discussion with Prof. Mohammed Abu-Nimer, a trailblazer in the field of Peace Studies focusing on Islam and Muslim communities. It explores Prof. Abu-Nimer's reflections on the development of this field over the past three decades. It focuses in particular on methodological, institutional, and inter-cultural challenges and developments during that time. Like Prof. Abu-Nimer's long career, it is international in scope and explores convergences and divergences in the experiences and discourses surrounding Muslim-led nonviolent resistance, peacemaking and peacebuilding initiatives in the Middle East and North Africa, South Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa. It also includes discussion of the role played by cultural difference and hybridity in translating the distinct peace and nonviolence repertoires of Western and non-Western cultural and political contexts.