bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drought and energy stock markets in the United States
Authors: Kim Seongeun , Jeon Jooyoung , Kim Hyungjun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Amid increasing concerns about the impact of climate change on financial asset pricing, this paper investigates how drought risk affects stock returns in the U.S. energy sector over a thirty-year period (1990–2019). To this end, we ranked energy companies based on the long-term trend of the Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) to compare stock performance between groups experiencing the most significant increases and decreases in drought risk. Our analysis indicates that firms located in drought-prone regions have lower stock returns than those in regions with decreasing drought risk, particularly since 2010. This finding is noteworthy, as the average PDSI trend gap between regions at high risk of drought and those at low risk has widened during this period. We further divide our sample of energy companies into two subsectors-fuel production and electric utility-and find that the stock prices of both subsectors have been negatively affected by drought risk since 2010. The study underscores the energy sector’s dependency on water availability, suggesting novel implications for policymakers and investors in assessing the financial impacts of drought risks in their climate-related decision-making.
State space reconstruction of Markov chains via autocorrelation structure
Authors: Jakovác Antal , Kurbucz Marcell T , Telcs András 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Understanding the state space of observed Markov processes is essential for advancing causal inference in a wide range of scientific fields. This paper demonstrates how the previously unknown state space can be reconstructed by exploring the spectrum of the time-delay embedding matrix derived from the autocorrelation sequence of the observed series. It also highlights that the eigenvector associated with the smallest eigenvalue can provide valuable insights into the hidden data generation process itself. The presented results provide a deeper understanding of the complex dynamics of Markov chains and hold promise for enhancing various scientific applications.
Policymakers’ perception regarding tin mining impacts on local varieties as intellectual property (case study in the Bangka Belitung islands)
Authors: Darwance D , Haryadi D 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In addition to being one of the world’s leading producers of white pepper, the Bangka Belitung Islands Province, Indonesia, is also known for its abundant tin production. This implies the existence of rigorous mining activities in the region. Prior to unrestricted mining, tin could only be mined by specific companies authorized by the government. At that time, a majority of the population still worked as farmers. Moreover, mining, which was limited to specific areas, did not have a significant impact on the environmental conditions, including the various types of local varieties in this region. Besides extensive marine mining, unregulated mining has already been carried out on land, including in forests, plantations, and backyard gardens containing local plants. This research employs a juridical-empirical method, examining the interrelation between tin mining and the existence of local varieties as intellectual property, while also assessing the policymakers’ perception of the ongoing situation. The study findings indicate that a majority of policymakers acknowledge that the extensive tin mining actually impacts the existence of local varieties that have existed, both registered and unregistered.
Investigation of ballistic performance on metal-coir fiber composite laminate with variation of fiber volume fraction: Experimental and simulation
Authors: Bakri B , Naharuddin  , Mustafa  , Anwar K , Fadly M S , Wahyudi K 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the ballistic performance of metal-coir fiber composite laminate with the variation of fiber volume fraction. the experimental and simulation methode was used to analysis the ballistic performance. The variation of fiber volume fraction in coir fiber composite are 17%, 22%, and 27%. Composite laminate was produced by 3 layers including metal plate on the outer layer and coir fiber composite on the middle layer (core), and metal (steel) plate on the back. The experimental and numerical simulation results show that the fiber volume fraction of coir fiber composite in composite laminate causes unequal impact yield characteristics. The bullet projectile pushes and forms a crater in the first layer steel plate as a result of plastic deformation. The coir fiber composite in the second layer experienced delamination with the failure in the matrix, as a result of bullet impact and damage to the composite surface. The metal plate on the third layer of the laminate is pushed in the direction of the bullet producing a bulge. The effect of the volume fraction of the coir fiber composite as a layer for energy absorption is very effective so that the stress distribution is not directly transmitted to the third layer steel plate. The results of experimental tests and numerical simulations of steel plate-coir fiber composite laminate with a volume fraction of 27% which is influenced by bullet speed are able to stop bullets faster at 5.75×10−5 s with an energy absorption of 435.6 Joule. The failure mechanism that occurs from the results of experimental testing and numerical simulations is the formation of a crater in the first steel plate with the presence of petals formed around the crater and the occurrence of intralaminar failure in the composite and the formation of bulges in the third layer of metal plate due to ballistic deformation.
2D modelling of wave propagation at the Palu estuary after the 2018 tsunami
Authors: Hendra  , Tunas I G 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In September 2018, the powerful and shallow earthquake with a magnitude of 7.4 rattled Sulawesi Island. This earthquake triggered a tsunami disaster in Palu Bay which caused changes in the morphology of the Palu Bay coastline. The coast along Palu Bay underwent significant changes due to the impact of the tsunami waves. Changes in the morphology of the beach also affect the characteristics and current waves that enter the mouth of the Palu River. This study aims to analyse the propagation and transformation of waves entering the Palu River estuary. Wave analysis and simulation was performed using the Surface-water modelling system (SMS) package generated from the Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG) wind data. Statistical analysis of wind data was carried out using Windrose Software and the Shore Protection Manual method to predict deep sea waves. This forecasting method is employed in a hybrid manner with the Weibull method to determine extreme wave heights for 50-year return periods. The simulation results using the CGWAVE model show that the maximum wave height coming from north direction approaching the mouth of the Palu River is 1.3 m. Furthermore, the wave height coming from the northwest approaching the Palu River estuary is 0.8 m.
Biodiversity based on ecosystem services in Morowali
Authors: Suleman S M , Edy N , Isrun  , Sabran M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Central Sulawesi is included in the Wallacean biogeographic region, which has a tropical climate and is an area that has a high diversity of organisms. The high level of unique and specific biodiversity is a wealth of natural resources that need to be preserved because it has various functions, including as a food source and life support system. One indicator that can be used to assess the status of biodiversity values is based on the value of ecosystem services. The higher the biodiversity character, the higher the ecosystem’s support function for life. This study aims to analyze the condition of biodiversity ecosystem services. The results of the analysis show that the status of ecosystem services supporting habitat and biodiversity in Morowali Regency is still high status, with a coverage area of 81% of the total area of Morowali Regency. The results of this research contribute to recommendations for restoration or conservation needed regarding the condition of biodiversity ecosystem services in Morowali Regency.
Estimation of bed load sediment rate at sabo dam 2 bangga river
Authors: Rustiati NB , Lipu S , Andiese VM , Kaseng W 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The flood that occurred on November 2018 was a sediment disaster in the upstream of the Bangga River which resulted in the entire village being buried by sediment. The current research will estimate the volume of bed sediment transport at Sabo Dam. Measurements of the width of the riverbed were carried out on the specified river section. Measurements were carried out along 300 m and divided by 50 m per segment. Data obtained from primary data and secondary data are processed to obtain parameters that will be used when calculating the distribution of sediment. So, it can be seen that the characteristics of sediment grains in the 18 samples have grain sizes that are not much different. Based on the average data, segment 1, 2 and 3 can be classified as having poor gradation gravel, sand from gravel fragments, little/no fine grains. From the results of sieve analysis testing, it can be seen that the characteristics of sediments are dominated by sand and gravel. The bed sediment has a size of d50 0.2 mm - 12 mm and d90 0.44 mm - 50 mm. which is spread along the Bangga River Sabo Dam.
Infiltration rate in various land covers in Beka Village, Sigi Regency
Authors: Andiese V W , Tunas I G 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Changes in Land Use that result in increased direct surface runoff due to reduced places for rainwater absorption. The amount of water absorption into the soil or infiltration can be included in the flood calculations to design and plan water structures. Beka Village is in Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. This research aims to determine the magnitude of the infiltration rate that occurs in Beka Village and examine the soil’s physical properties that are related to the infiltration rate. This research was carried out on three types of land cover, namely mixed field land, forest, and settlement areas, each taken under two conditions, namely dry conditions and conditions after rain. Infiltration measurements were carried out using a Double Ring Infiltrometer measuring instrument and analyzed using the Horton equation. Undisturbed soil samples were taken at each land cover and condition using paralon pipes to determine the physical properties of the soil. The rate of infiltration in the three land covers with each condition is that for dry soil conditions on forest land, it is in the relatively fast category (6.3 - 12.7 cm/hour); in the mixed field and settlement areas it is in the medium category (2 - 6.3 cm/hour). Meanwhile, wet soil conditions in forest land and mixed field fall into the medium criteria (2 - 6.3 cm/hour), and in settlement areas fall into the slow criteria (0.5 - 2 cm/hour).
Effects of date fruit consumption and vitamin D against increased hb levels of pregnant women
Authors: Sumarni  , Muthiah A , Oktaviani D 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
One of the health problems in pregnant women is anemia. Anemia in pregnant women can harm the mother and fetus conceived. In pregnant women, anemia can cause abortion, premature birth, antepartum hemorrhage, and low fetal birth weight. This study aims to determine the effect of dates and vitamin D consumption on increasing hemoglobin levels in pregnant women. This research was carried out in the working area of the Pantoloan Health Center in Palu City. The research method used is quasi-experimental with the group pre-test-post-test method. The research results from 20 respondents generally showed increased hemoglobin levels in pregnant women. This study concludes that there is an effect of the consumption of dates and vitamin D on increasing Hb levels of pregnant women.
Potential flooding in the APT Pranoto Samarinda Airport area as a result of the airport runway extension
Authors: Eko W , Pitojo T J , Suhartanto E , Sholichin M , Limantara L M , Sutapa I W 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Samarinda City has the Aji Pangeran Tumenggung (APT) International Airport Pranoto in the Karangmumus watershed prone to flooding. The planned extension of the runway for approximately 1 km will cross over the Karangmumus River. This study aims to determine the potential for flooding in the APT Pranoto Airport area and to determine the planned utilization of the Karangmumus Hulu Dam. The methodology used includes design rain analysis. Rain data is sourced from the BMKG Temindung Station, Samarinda City (1978-2021). The flood discharge design was analyzed using the Limantara method. Flood tracking was carried out on the Upper Karangmumus River channel and its tributaries, as well as on the planned Upper Karangmumus Dam, using HEC-RAS 6.1 software. Flood exposure map analysis is based on LiDAR maps. The results showed that 2 hours after the rain, floods had entered the airport area, both from the Karangmumus River and its tributaries. The development of the dam in the Upper Karangmumus can reduce flooding that enters the airport area. The research recommendations are in the form: that it is necessary to build flood control upstream of the Karangmumus watershed and to normalize and arrange the Karangmumus River channel in the APT Pranoto Airport area.
Identification of The Need For Construction Expert In Donggala Regency
Authors: Labombang M. , Mangitung D.M. , Fahruddin F. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Construction Experts are one of the important elements that affect the continuity and smoothness of a construction project. Along with the increasing growth in construction services in Central Sulawesi Province, especially in Donggala Regency, the need for workers has also increased, mainly competent construction experts. However, the current conditions are relatively not ideal due to the lack of experts and skilled workers to support the rapid growth of construction services. So this research was conducted with the aim of identifying the need for construction experts in Donggala Regency in the next 5 years. The data collection method used in this study was a research questionnaire given to contractors who had worked on work packages in Donggala Regency in the last 3 years. Furthermore, the data obtained was processed using descriptive statistical methods and regression linear simple with help software SPSS. The results of the research based on calculations and analysis of the estimated need for construction experts in Donggala Regency in 2022-2027, it can be concluded that the relationship between the need for experts and the availability of experts has a perfect level and not influenced by other variables. With the regression method linear simple processed using software SPSS version 24 assuming an increase in the need for experts each year by 15%, the need for construction experts in Donggala Regency in 2027 is 44 people. This number can still be fulfilled based on the results of research through questionnaires to determine the availability of construction experts in Donggala Regency. The number of available construction experts in Donggala Regency in 2027 is 165 people.
Slope stability analysis at Layana view residence with finite element method
Authors: Irvan A , Tawil S , Rahayu A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Palu City area, especially Layana Village, is characterized by hilly topography with poor soil conditions, especially during the rainy season, so that the slopes in this area become unstable due to the shear stress of the soil mass which is unable to carry the load and water pressure. Alternatives for strengthening slopes include creating water channels, planting vegetation and repairing slopes. Building water channels and planting vegetation can reduce the hydrostatic pressure of soil shear strength, while slope improvements are carried out by reducing the driving force that causes landslides. So that a stable slope safety factor value is obtained. Accurate results for slope stability continue to be developed. In this research, field testing took the form of geoelectric investigations to determine soil resistivity values. The calculation of slope safety factors was analyzed using the Geostudio application, Slope/W sub program by entering soil property index data (water content, soil volume weight)), and soil shear strength parameters (cohesion value, soil friction angle) obtained from laboratory test results.
Redesign of the electrical power and lighting network at ice cream parlor located in the city of Quito
Authors: Zurita Kevin , Segura Juan , Topón-Visarrea Blanca , Barriga Bryan , Ahmed Gutiérrez Edgar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article proposes the redesign of the electrical power and lighting network in an Ice Cream Parlor located in the city of Quito to ensure continuity in the electrical service and a luminous level according to the UNE 12464.1 Standard, established in the country. For this purpose, a survey of all the electrical load installed in the organization was carried out, where the nominal parameters of each equipment were identified with the help of the nameplate of each one of them. Using the specifications of the Ecuadorian Construction Standard (NEC) and the data obtained from the electrical load survey, five (5) circuits for outlets were proposed, considering a possible expansion of small equipment and the ten (10) maximum outlets established by the aforementioned standard. Additionally, four (4) circuits were proposed to feed the power load. With respect to the lighting network, the DIAlux software is used to determine the number of lamps, luminaires and their location to comply with the luminous level indicated. Therefore, it was necessary to propose six (6) circuits in order not to exceed the fifteen (15) lighting points established by the NEC. For each circuit, the following was calculated: conductor cross section, overcurrent protection, type of insulation and the diameter of the corresponding conduit to protect the conductors. Finally, quotations were made for the materials required for the implementation of the project. From these, an organization is selected, based on the availability of the necessary materials, their cost and accessibility, compared to other suppliers. The total amount of the proposal is US$2,518.24.
Feasibility analysis of charging stations for electric vehicles. Case study route E35, Loja-Cuenca in Ecuador
Authors: Méndez-Jaramillo Edgar , Coronel-Villavicencio Iván , Paccha-Herrera Edwin , Briceño-Martínez Bryan , Tapia-Viñan Erik , Camacho-Muñoz Jefferson 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper analyzes a methodology to identify suitable charging stations for electric vehicles (EV) and locate them on the E35 Pan-American Highway, between the cities of Loja and Cuenca, in Ecuador, to promote the use of EVs and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. The study employs several selection criteria, such as government and international regulations, to determine the best type of charging station for the route. The literature review reveals that international standards shape the infrastructure of charging stations in Ecuador, and a fast-charging station with an-output power of 50 kW in mode 4, this concept refers to the arrangement in which the transformer is stationary at the charging point, and the connection is made exclusively on the vehicle’s charging side; furthermore, it involves the use of significantly high charging capacities. The station satisfies international standard connectors for charging most EVs in use in Ecuador. In addition, the methodology analyzes several factors related to the environment, economy, society, electricity, geography, and road quality to identify the most suitable locations for charging stations. The analysis concludes that only four of the fourteen locations analyzed meet the requirements for suitable areas. It also highlights that the three-phase electric grid shared by two electric companies (EERSSA and CENTROSUR) meets the quality standards. EERSSA only has a three-phase network in Carigán and Saraguro, which are the two cities with the highest population or energy use.
Analysis and study of the factors involved in the accident rate of vehicles, during the period 2017-2022 in the province of Pichincha, Ecuador.
Authors: Caizaluisa David , Dávila Joel , Molina Paúl , Rivera Néstor 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this work, the factors involved in the incidence of vehicular accidents during the period 2017-2022 in the province of Pichincha, Ecuador, were studied with the purpose of identifying the most influential variables in traffic accidents. From the methodological point of view, an analytical and descriptive research approach was adopted. The methodological process started with an exploratory study based on data provided by the National Traffic Agency (ANT), which records the accidents that occurred from January 2017, to December 2022. For the statistical analysis of the data, a free software tool was used. After carrying out an exhaustive analysis, it was concluded that there is no significant variation by month or by time slot in the incidence of accidents. The primary cause identified was speeding, followed by disregarding traffic signals, with the third cause being picking up and dropping off passengers in unauthorized areas. Additionally, it was observed that the canton of Quito had a higher implication in terms of accident frequency. Throughout the study period, a decrease in the incidence of accidents was noted until 2020. However, an upturn in the trend was observed in 2021, although 14 fewer accidents were recorded in 2022 compared to 2021. The completion of this study is crucial as understanding the causes of accidents enables the implementation of measures to enhance road safety, thereby reducing the likelihood of accidents and safeguarding lives. Identifying the underlying causes of accidents can contribute significantly to preventing injuries and fatalities.
Thermal instability in an inclined fluid layer subjected to Couette–Poiseuille flow
Authors: Batra Akshita , Kaur Gurpreet , Bajaj Renu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The present work deals with the onset of thermal instability in an inclined fluid layer subjected to Couette–Poiseuille flow. We consider the configuration in which one boundary is maintained at a constant temperature and the other boundary is imposed with a constant heat flux. The collocation method, based on Chebyshev polynomials, is used to discuss the instability of the flow with respect to the thermal Rayleigh number. It is found that there exists a value of the angle of inclination below which the instability sets in as longitudinal rolls, and the critical value of the Rayleigh number remains unaffected by superimposed Couette–Poiseuille flow. However, for angles of inclination greater than this threshold value, the critical mode of instability is transverse mode, and the critical value of the Rayleigh number is significantly affected by the superposition of Couette–Poiseuille flow. Further, the onset of instability also depends upon the Prandtl number of the fluid.