bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bleb needling outcomes for failed trabeculectomy blebs in Asian eyes: a 2 year follow up
Authors: TSAI A , BOEY PY , HTOON HM , WONG TT 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To describe the outcomes and success rates of bleb needling in primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG), primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and secondary glaucoma.Methods Retrospective review of 270 patients who underwent bleb needling over a 2 year period. Complete success was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) >= 6mmHg and =< 21mmHg, in absence of further surgery or use of antiglaucoma medication. Qualified success met the above criteria with or without use of antiglaucoma medications.Results 207 eyes completed the two year follow up. 84% was primary glaucomas and 16% was secondary glaucomas. The mean interval between filtering surgery and bleb needling was 8.4(SD 17.2) months. The mean IOP pre‐needling was 21 (SD7.2) and there was a statistically significant reduction of IOP of at least 22% from month 1 through to month 24. The complete success rates at month 6 for POAG, PACG and secondary glaucoma are 70%, 66% and 49% respectively, 62%, 62% and 51% at month 12, and 58%, 63% and 38% at month 24. The qualified success rates at month 6 for POAG, PACG and secondary glaucoma 24%, 30% and 29% respectively, 32%, 29% and 36% at month 12, and 35%, 30% and 53% at month 24. Logistic regression analysis showed that at month 6, POAG and PACG had a greater needling success compared to secondary glaucoma (OR 4.3.and 6.0 respectively; p < 0.05). However, at month 12 and 24 the difference in success rates was not statistically significant.Conclusion Bleb needling within one year of trabeculectomy in Asian eyes can provide clinically significant IOP lowering of >22% for 2 years. Eyes with primary glaucomas had a greater success. Asian eyes have a greater propensity for scarring but timely bleb needling can rescue bleb function.
Serial changes in the bleb wall after glaucoma drainage implant surgery: Characteristics during the hypertensive phase
Authors: JUNG KI 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To investigate serial changes in the bleb wall using anterior segment‐optical coherence tomography (AS‐OCT) in patients who had undergone Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantationMethods A total of 52 patients who had undergone AGV implantation were enrolled. Reflectivity and mean thickness of the bleb wall were examined using AS‐OCT at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively. Intraocular pressure (IOP) and the number of glaucoma medications was evaluated. The hypertensive phase was defined as IOP > 21 mmHg during the first 3 months after surgery. Patients were divided into two groups: hypertensive and non‐hypertensive groups.Results Following AGV implantation, IOP decreased at each time point during postoperative follow‐up (P value < 0.001, all) with a peak in the first month. Mean bleb wall thickness showed a U‐shaped curve postoperatively, being thinnest 1 month after the operation. Reflectivity showed an inverted U‐shaped curve postoperatively, being brightest 1 month after the operation. A hypertensive phase was observed in 44 patients (84.6%). The bleb wall was significantly more reflective (130.67 ± 27.00 vs. 106.57 ± 10.35; P = 0.044) in the hypertensive group than in non‐hypertensive group 1 month postoperatively.Conclusion Hypertensive phase peaked at 1 month after aqueous shunt surgery. At that time, the bleb wall had the highest reflectivity. The unique IOP pattern after tube surgery is related to fibrosis of the bleb wall qualitatively. Specific modulation of wound healing may be the target for attempts to decrease the development of hypertensive phase.
Long‐term efficacy of interferon in severe uveitis asssociated with Behçet disease
Authors: DIWO E , GUEUDRY J , WESCHLER B , SAADOUN D , LE HOANG P , BODAGHI B 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose We aimed to evaluate long‐term efficacy of interferon alpha 2a (IFNα2a) in severe Behçet disease(BD)‐related uveitis.Methods Our retrospective study includes all patients with severe uveitis treated with IFNα2a for at least 18 consecutive months at Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital between 05/1995 and 07/2013. Before, during and after treatment, best corrected visual acuity (VA), ophthalmologic examination and fluorescein angiography were performed to evaluate the number of acute uveitis. The main evaluation criteria was the number of uveitis relapses per person per year before, during and after treatment.Results 33 patients, 12W/21M, with a mean age of 30,5 years and with mainly panuveitis (74.2%) were included. The mean observation period was 8,82 years. We followed 33, 25, 20 and 18 patients for 2, 4, 7 and 9 years respectively. The relapse rate decreased from 1,36 before treatment to 0,045 relapses/patient/year during IFNα treatment. After IFNα discontinuation (possible for 64% of all patients), it increased to 0,057 relapses/patient/year and the mean period between discontinuation and relapse was 24.2 months. Average VA improved from 0,49 to 0,27 and from 0,55 to 0,39 LogMar for the patients with a followed‐up of 4 and 9 years respectively. During 4 years following IFNα2a initiation, we observed rapid decrease of anterior inflammation, hyalitis, vasculitis, macular and papillary edema. Mean oral prednisone consumption decreased from 22,8 mg at IFN initiation to 5,5 mg per day at 9 years.Conclusion IFNα2a is efficient to treat severe BD‐related uveitis. For initial responders allowing discontinuation of IFNα2a, the long‐term remission was confirmed with our study.
Staphylococcal Panton‐Valentine leucotoxin targets retina through the ganglion cell layer in a rabbit toxin‐induced endophthalmitis model
Authors: HEITZ P , TAWK M , PRÉVOST G , GAUCHER D 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Staphylococcal leucotoxins form a cluster of bi‐component leucotoxins that are associated with tissue necrosis pathologies, such as necrotising pneumonia, osteomyelitis and endophtalmitis. Among them, Panton‐Valentine leucotoxine (PVL) is often associated with strains isolated in such diseases and seems to possess acute capabilities to promote necrosis. When injected into the rabbit vitreous, these toxins were proven to induce a huge inflammatory reaction that might concern the full eyeball. The purpose of this study was to identify the PVL target cells into the retina, using a rabbit model of endophtalmitis.Methods Three µg of LukS‐PV were injected in a series of rabbit eyes. After 1 hour, the eyes were enucleated. Frozen sections were prepared for immunofluorescence detection tests. PVL was immunolabelled using a specific antibody and a secondary fluorescent antibody. Co‐labelling with GFAP (Muller cells), RBPMS (ganglion cells), ChAT (starbust displaced amacrine cells) antibodies were realized. Left eyes were used as negative controls.Results LukS‐PV was present at the ganglion cells layer. A few dendrites in the inner plexiform layer were also noted. Co‐labeling experiments with the specific marker ChAT (acetylcholin transferase) segregated starbust displaced amacrine cells as a retinal target of LukS‐PV. 65% of the infected cells were ChAT positive.Conclusion At least, one retinal cell type, i.e. Starbust amacrine cells, can now be designated as a target of PVL and it will be important to explore how this cell fitness is sensitive to such a toxin compared with the activation of polymorphonuclear cells, and neurons that also were reported as possible targets.
Funcionality characterization of RS2229094 (T>C) polymorphism and LT[Alpha] expression in human retinas
Authors: DELGADO TIRADO S , PASTOR IDOATE S , RODRIGUEZ HERNANDEZ I , ROJAS J , GONZALEZ BUENDIA L , GONZALEZ SARMIENTO R , PASTOR JC 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To determine the expression and localization of lymphotoxin alpha (LTα) in human retinas, and investigate the functionality of the LTα rs2229094 (T>C) polymorphism, previously associated to proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) development.Methods Phase I: RNA from 3 healthy human retinas and 2 peripheral blood samples was subjected to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) analysis. In addition, 3 human eyes with chronic retinal detachment (RD) and one healthy control were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) with specific antibody against LTα. Phase II: Functionality of T and C alleles was assessed by using pCEFL‐Flag expression vector, and transient transfection assays. Besides, expression analysis by RT‐PCR, Western‐blot and subcellular localization of both alleles, by immunofluorescence (IF) assay were performed.Results Phase I: Signals of mRNA LTα below significance levels were detected in healthy human retinas. Peripheral blood analysis showed different LTα transcripts with premature stop codons. IHC staining revealed no differences between human healthy and RD retinas. Phase II: No differences in mRNA and protein expression levels and subcellular localization between both alleles were found. Both alelles showed cytoplasmic LTα localization.Conclusion Although results suggest lack of functionality, and it appears to be no differences regarding LTα expression and localization, this polymorphism could remain as a valid biomarker to identify patients at high‐risk for developing PVR after RD, due to the strong association between PVR and LTα rs2229094 polymorphism previously identified by our group.
Epidemiology of age‐related‐macular‐degeneration in north of France
Authors: DURIEUX P , DELEMOTTE A , LABREUCHE J , ROULAND J , LABALETTE P 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose As the leading cause of blindness in industrialized countries, AMD is an increasing public health problem. An early detection is important to provide prevention or treatment. The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of AMD in the North of France by a mass screening facility with a non‐mydriatic retinal camera, and to identify risk factors of the disease.Methods This is an epidemiological study performed in the North French department for a period of 6 months. Fundus photographs of both eyes were taken in a population aged 65 years and older with no known history of AMD. Images were analyzed by two independent readers in our Department for grading pictures along to the AREDS classification. Each participant answered a questionnaire about their medical and family history, and alcohol and tobacco, fruit, vegetables, and fish consumption respectively.Results Photographs from 2,240 eyes of 1,130 participants were analyzed. The average age in the cohort was 75 years. 13% of pictures were ungradable. 68.88 % of patients were assessed in category 1, 9.56 % in category 2, 1.44 % in category 3, and 5.56 % in category 4 (exudative or atrophic), respectively. Age was significantly associated with the disease (p<0.0001), fruits and vegetables consumption was a significant protective factor (p=0.002).Conclusion The prevalence of AMD is found similar than in the EUREYE epidemiological study (8% of AMD after 50 years old, more than 30% after 75 years old). In our cohort, the overall prevalence of AMD is 24% in the population over 65 years old. Nonmydriatic fundus photography is a simple, fast, non‐invasive and reliable AMD‐detecting technique that can be performed by nonphysicians then teletransfered to an ophthalmologist for reading.
ADVISE (ADenoVirus Initiative Study in Epidemiology)
Authors: DUQUESROIX B , TUIL E , MESSMER EM 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose ADVISE is an epidemiological, prospective, multicentric, open study to assess the characteristics and frequency of adenoviral conjunctivitis (AC) as diagnosed with the point of care AdenoPlus® test in patients suffering from acute conjunctivitis in 5 EU countries (F, It, Ger, UK, Sp).Methods Bacterial or viral conjunctivitis are usually self‐limiting but some viral cases may cause persistent disease and significant morbidity. AC causes more severe disease, is extremely contagious (transmission rate 10‐50%), of longer duration than bacterial (shed for 14‐16 days, signs and symptoms last 2‐3 weeks) and may lead to decreased visual acuity or light sensitivity from persistent subepithelial infiltrates, chronic dry eye, and visual loss from conjunctival scarring.Results AdenoPlus® is a single use, rapid (10 min.) immunoassay test for the qualitative in‐vitro detection of Adenoviral hexon protein antigens directly from human eye fluid. It is a CE marked, point‐of‐care medical device intended for health professional use as an aid in the rapid differential diagnosis of acute conjunctivitis. Study objectives are to assess the % of patients with acute conjunctivitis who have AC, the clinical profiles associated with positive and negative tests, the correlation between the initial clinical diagnosis and the final diagnosis (post‐test), the AC seasonality and geographic distribution, and to collect pharmacoeconomic data (before/after test prescribed treatments, work/school absenteeism…).Conclusion Enrollment started in June 2013 in France and in January 2014 in Germany. Italian, Spanish and UK sites will start recruiting Q2‐Q3/2014. Approximately 2500 patients are expected across EU, 500 patients from 15‐20 sites per country (20‐30 patients per site). The first interim study results will be presented with data analyses from at least 400 patients recruited in EU.
Novel and known FRMD7 mutations and copy number variation in Belgian patients with X‐linked idiopathic infantile nystagmus
Authors: ALMOALLEM B , BAUWENS M , WALRAEDT S , DELBEKE P , VERDIN H , VAN CAUWENBERGH C , DE LEENEER K , HOOGHE S , KESTELYN P , AL‐OBEIDAN S , DE ZAEYTIJD J , LEROY BP , DE BAERE E 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Idiopathic Infantile Nystagmus (IIN [MIM# 310700]) is one of the commonest forms of infantile nystagmus characterized by bilateral uncontrollable eye movements that does not manifest until the child starts to fixate objects at the age of three months leading to low visual acuity scores. Genetically IIN is a heterogeneous disorder which is mostly inherited in an X‐linked fashion. There are three known loci and two identified genes. Approximately 50% of families with X‐linked IIN have been shown to be linked to mutations in the FERM domain‐containing protein 7 (FRMD7) gene. Thus far 45 unique mutations have been reported in FRMD7 related patients with IIN. We investigate the role of FRMD7 mutations and copy number variations in Belgian cohort of 49 unrelated families with a clinical diagnosis of IIN.Methods Forty‐nine families underwent detailed ophthalmological examinations and DNA extraction. We set up a comprehensive molecular genetic test based on Sanger sequencing, targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) and copy number variation (CNV) analysis. The reference sequence used was NM_194277.2.Results In eleven unrelated Belgian families with IIN, seven unique FRMD7 changes were found, five of which are novel: frameshift mutation c.2036del p.(Leu679Argfs*8), missense mutations c.801C>A p.(Phe267Leu) and c.875T>C p.( Leu292Pro), splice site mutation c.497+5G>A and one CNV (1.4 Mb deletion). .Additionally, four known mutations were found: missense mutations c.70G>A p.(Gly24Arg) and c.886G>C p.(Gly296Arg), nonsense mutation c.910C>T p.(Arg303*); frameshift mutations c.2036del p.(Leu679Argfs*8) and c.660del p.(Asn221Ilefs*11) which were found in a three independent families. Haplotype reconstruction suggests a potential founder effect in Belgian IIN patients. Segregation testing of these mutations was performed and supports their pathogenic effect.Conclusion Overall, we found both coding FRMD7 mutations and a CNV in 11/49 Belgian families with IIN (22%) and expand the mutational spectrum of FRMD7 as a common cause of IIN. Finally, our study generates a discovery cohort of IIN patients harboring either undetected mutations in non‐coding region of FRMD7 or in genes at known or novel loci sustaining the genetic heterogeneity of the disease.
Change of ocular components after cycloplegia in children using the IOLMaster
Authors: CHANG HR , JANG HJ 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Ocular components are traditionally measured using A‐scan ultrasound. With ultrasound, the probe makes contact with the cornea, so there is some problem in children. The IOLMaster is non‐contact device that can measure ocular components, so it can be used in children with poor cooperation. We evaluated change of ocular components after cycloplegia in children using the IOLMaster.Methods One hundred and sixty eight children aged from 3 to 15 years were recruited from the Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine. Children with ocular problem except refractive error were excluded. Pre‐ and post‐cycloplegic corneal curvature (CC), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and axial length (AL) on the right eye were measured with the IOLMaster. We evaluated the change of ocular components after cycloplegia by age and refractive error.Results ACD was 0.134 ± 0.134mm deeper after cycloplegia (p=.000). The amount of change had statistically significant negative correlation with age (Pearson correlation ‐0.332, p=.006), but it was not significantly different between myopic and hyperopic group after age correction (p=.398). AL was also significantly elongated after cycloplegia (p=.000), but the amount of change was very small (0.011 ± 0.022mm). There was no change in CC after cycloplegia (p=.428).Conclusion Effect of cycloplegia on ACD in children measured with the IOLMaster was significant. We suppose that the negative correlation between the change of ACD and age may be associated with decreasing accommodation with age.
Fluorescein angiography in the management of ROP occurred at a late postmenstrual age: our experience on seven premature infants
Authors: GUAGLIANO R , BARILLA' D , BERTONE C , SPALLONE L , MAFFIA A , BIANCHI PE 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To report author’s management with digital camera fluorescein angiography (FA) of Type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) developed after 45 weeks of postmenstrual age (PMA).Methods Retrospective non comparative case series consisting of seven prematurely born infants with Type 1 ROP that falls outside of usual time line for the disease (PMA > 45 weeks).Results 212 premature infants with gestational age ≤ 30 weeks underwent ROP screening between January 2009 and December 2013 at Neonatal Pathology Department at San Matteo Hospital in Pavia. ROP was found in 86 babies (172 eyes, 40%) and 28 of these (56 eyes, 20.6%) were treated with laser photocoagulation. 14 eyes of 7 children developed temporal peripheral ROP (stage 2, zone 3) between 45 and 50 weeks of PMA and were included in our study. The mean gestational age for this subgroup was 27,8 weeks and mean birth weight was 864 g. Diagnosis and management were performed with indirect ophthalmoscopy, RetCam 3 and digital video FA. In 7 eyes ROP was treated with laser fotocoagulation at 47‐48 weeks PMA, while in 7 eyes regressed spontaneously with full retinal vascularisation between 48‐54 weeks PMA.Conclusion Although rare, Type 1 ROP may occur lately, after 45 weeks PMA. It is insidious because unexpected and located in extreme retinal periphery. In our experience, FA images were very useful to study the clinical features of ROP and to reveal us whether retinopathy was progressing towards threshold disease or regressing. Fluorescein Angiography lead our decisional choose: to perform laser treatment or go on with closely observation over time until the complete retinal peripheral vascularisation.
Susac syndrome revealed by retinal arterial occlusions in a 12 year old girl
Authors: BEAUJEUX P , CLOCHE V , TRECHOT F , ANGIOI K 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Susac's syndrome (SS) is a rare immune disorder. It combines encephalopathy, retinopathy and hearing loss. We report a new pediatric case, revealed by an occlusive retinal arteritis.Methods A 12‐year old girl came to emergency room due to sudden onset of photopsia in her right temporal visual field. One year before, she had developed an acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, resolved after steroids. Visual acuity was 10/10 P2. Fundus examination revealed a thin right inferior nasal artery associated with an ischemic oedema. Fluorescein angiography evidenced a right nasal artery occlusion and multiple peripheral arterial occlusive vasculitis. Steroid treatment was dispended. Brain MRI showed high signal‐intensity abnormalities in corpus callosum. The triad was completed by a bilateral hearing loss. Intravenous immunoglobulins were initiated. Occurrence of contralateral occlusive retinal arteritis two months later led to introduce cyclophosphamide. After 6 infusions, visual acuity is stable but visual field defects are still present and regression of vasculitis remains incomplete.Results 300 cases of SS have been reported with predominance in young women. Pediatric cases are extremely rare. Diagnosis is difficult, because the typical clinical triad is often incomplete. Occurrence of relapses is unpredictable. Visual prognosis depends on localisation of occluded retinal territories. Treatment is based on a combination of steroids, immunosuppressive and antiplatelet agents, which is not always able to prevent the relapse as in our young patient.Conclusion Unpredictable evolution of SS requires an early diagnosis and treatment as well as a close monitoring. It must always be considered in case of occlusive retinal arteritis even in children.
Results of the surgical treatment of concomitant strabismus with preliminary modeling of operation by using three‐dimensional biomechanical eye's model
Authors: BUSHUYEVA NN , ROMANENKO DV 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Analysation of the surgical treatment results of concomitant strabismus in patients based on volume of operation preliminary modeling using three‐dimensional biomechanical eye model (TBEM "SEE‐KID")Methods We examined the angel of strabismus by Hirschberg, with Frenel's prisms on table Maddox,binocular vision. There were analysed surgical treatment results of concomitant strabismus in 106 patients, wich were opereted after investigation preliminary modeling using three‐dimensional biomechanical eye model (TBEM "SEE‐KID").Results Orthotropy was obtained in 54 from 106 patients (50,9%)at the first day after operation.52from 106 patients (49,1%) had residual angle of 5‐10 hypocorrection was in 44 patients, and hypocorrection was in 8 patients. 18 patients were lost to follow‐up. At 3‐12 months folliw‐ups ortothrop has been preserved in 53 from 88 patients (60,2%), and 35 from 88patients residual angle of 5‐10 remained ‐ hypocorrection was in 31 patients, and hypocorrection was in 4 patients.Conclusion TBEM "SEE‐KID" use in complex examination and results of surgical treatment in patients with strabismus allows prognosing surgical result in 60% of cases and accelerates diagnostic process. This method needs further investigation.Particularly extraocular muscles biomechanics needs precisely estimated (degree hyper or hypofunction, movement amlitude).