bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation Study for Nb‐Doped MoS2${\rm MoS}_2$ Layer in CZTS‐Based Solar Cells: Assessment of Challenges
Authors: Mazumder Santu , Borgohain Supriya , Kasilingam Senthilkumar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe unintentional formation of a layer as a reaction product between the copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) thin film and the Mo back contact reduces cell efficiency due to high sheet resistance and carrier recombination. To limit the formation of , an intentionally grown p‐type Nb‐doped layer can serve as an effective hole transport layer. This study presents a detailed study and calculations for CZTS/Mo‐based solar cells, providing guidelines for calibration. Optimizing cell efficiency is influenced by various interconnected factors in Nb‐doped . While a high carrier concentration in Nb‐doped is assumed to enhance efficiency, other parameters such as band state, optical absorption, and carrier mobility also play crucial roles and can limit cell performance. This simulation study evaluated the effect of Nb‐doped layers with different carrier concentrations to determine the optimal conditions for this p‐type layer. This work reveals that a very thin layer (13 nm) of Nb‐doped p‐type can achieve a maximum efficiency of 11.34% (with = 1.5 ) and that for an Nb‐doped p‐type 62 nm is 15.82 % (with = 4.03 ).
Single‐Nucleus RNA Sequencing Unravels Early Mechanisms of Human Becker Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Xie Zhihao , Liu Chang , Sun Chengyue , Liu Yilin , Peng Jieru , Meng Lingchao , Deng Jianwen , Wang Zhaoxia , Yang Chunxia , Yuan Yun , Xie Zhiying 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveThe transcriptional heterogeneity at a single‐nucleus level in human Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) dystrophic muscle has not been explored. Here, we aimed to understand the transcriptional heterogeneity associated with myonuclei, as well as other mononucleated cell types that underly BMD pathogenesis by performing single‐nucleus RNA sequencing.MethodsWe profiled single‐nucleus transcriptional profiles of skeletal muscle samples from 7 BMD patients and 3 normal controls.ResultsA total of 17,216 nuclei (12,879 from BMD patients and 4,337 from controls) were classified into 13 known cell types, including 9 myogenic lineages and 4 non‐myogenic lineages, and 1 unclassified nuclear type according to their cell identities. Among them, type IIx myonuclei were the first to degenerate in response to dystrophin reduction. Differential expression analysis revealed that the fibro‐adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) population had the largest transcriptional changes among all cell types. Sub‐clustering analysis identified a significantly compositional increase in the activated FAPs (aFAPs) subpopulation in BMD muscles. Pseudotime analysis, regulon inference, and deconvolution analysis of bulk RNA‐sequencing data derived from 29 BMD patients revealed that the aFAPs subpopulation, a distinctive and previously unrecognized mononuclear subtype, was profibrogenic and expanded in BMD patients. Muscle quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence analysis confirmed that the mRNA and protein levels of the aFAPs markers including LUM, DCN, and COL1A1 in BMD patients were significantly higher than those in controls, respectively.InterpretationOur results provide insights into the transcriptional diversity of human BMD muscle at a single‐nucleus resolution and new potential targets for anti‐fibrosis therapies in BMD. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:1070–1085
Interfacial Engineering of Polymer Membranes with Intrinsic Microporosity for Dendrite‐Free Zinc Metal Batteries
Authors: Tan Rui , He Hongzhen , Wang Anqi , Wong Toby , Yang Yilin , Iguodala Sunshine , Ye Chunchun , Liu Dezhi , Fan Zhiyu , Furedi Mate , He Guanjie , Guldin Stefan , Brett Dan J. L. , McKeown Neil B. , Song Qilei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMetallic zinc has emerged as a promising anode material for high‐energy battery systems due to its high theoretical capacity (820 mAh g−1), low redox potential for two‐electron reactions, cost‐effectiveness and inherent safety. However, current zinc metal batteries face challenges in low coulombic efficiency and limited longevity due to uncontrollable dendrite growth, the corrosive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and decomposition of the aqueous ZnSO4 electrolyte. Here, we report an interfacial‐engineering approach to mitigate dendrite growth and reduce corrosive reactions through the design of ultrathin selective membranes coated on the zinc anodes. The submicron‐thick membranes derived from polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs), featuring pores with tunable interconnectivity, facilitate regulated transport of Zn2+‐ions, thereby promoting a uniform plating/stripping process. Benefiting from the protection by PIM membranes, zinc symmetric cells deliver a stable cycling performance over 1500 h at 1 mA/cm2 with a capacity of 0.5 mAh while full cells with NaMnO2 cathode operate stably at 1 A g−1 over 300 cycles without capacity decay. Our work represents a new strategy of preparing multi‐functional membranes that can advance the development of safe and stable zinc metal batteries.
Understanding the Wettability of C1N1 (Sub)Nanopores: Implications for Porous Carbonaceous Electrodes
Authors: Lamata‐Bermejo Irene , Keil Waldemar , Nolkemper Karlo , Heske Julian , Kossmann Janina , Elgabarty Hossam , Wortmann Martin , Chorążewski Mirosław , Schmidt Claudia , Kühne Thomas D. , López‐Salas Nieves , Odziomek Mateusz 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnderstanding how water interacts with nanopores of carbonaceous electrodes is crucial for energy storage and conversion applications. A high surface area of carbonaceous materials does not necessarily need to translate to a high electrolyte‐solid interface area. Herein, we study the interaction of water with nanoporous C1N1 materials to explain their very low specific capacitance in aqueous electrolytes despite their high surface area. Water was used to probe chemical environments, provided by pores of different sizes, in 1H MAS NMR experiments. We observe that regardless of their high hydrophilicity, only a negligible portion of water can enter the nanopores of C1N1, in contrast to a reference pure carbon material with a similar pore structure. The common paradigm that water easily enters hydrophilic pores does not apply to C1N1 nanopores below a few nanometers. Calorimetric and sorption experiments demonstrated strong water adsorption on the C1N1 surface, which restricts water mobility across the interface and impedes its penetration into the nanopores.
Halogen Bonding Initiated Difunctionalization of [1.1.1]Propellane via Photoinduced Polarity Match Additions
Authors: Yi Liang , Kong Deshen , Prabhakar Kale Ajit , Alshehri Rawan , Yue Huifeng , Gizatullin Amir , Maity Bholanath , Kancherla Rajesh , Cavallo Luigi , Rueping Magnus 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP), recognized as a bioisostere for para‐disubstituted benzene, has gained widespread interest in drug development due to its ability to enhance the physicochemical properties of pharmaceuticals. In this work, we introduce a photoinduced, halogen bonding‐initiated, metal‐free strategy for synthesizing various BCP derivatives. This method involves the generation of nucleophilic α‐aminoalkyl radicals via halogen‐bonding adducts. These undergo selective radical addition to [1.1.1]propellane, yielding electrophilic BCP radicals that subsequently participate in polarity‐matched additions, culminating in the difunctionalization of bicyclopentane. The versatility and practicality of this metal‐free approach are underscored by its broad substrate scope, which includes late‐stage functionalization and a series of valuable transformations, all conducted under mild reaction conditions.
The Art of Speaking Up: Supporting a Culture of Safety in the OR
Authors: Wright M. Imelda , Kernen Karrie , Kouevi Dela 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTConsidering the high‐risk, stressful, and fast‐paced nature of the perioperative environment and vulnerability of surgical patients, the quest for maintaining a safety culture in the OR is ongoing. Speaking up—an interaction between perioperative team members to address a concern—requires team member empowerment to advocate for patient safety when needed. Hierarchical gradients, lack of psychological safety, incivility, and a nonsupportive organizational culture can impede speaking‐up behaviors. Strategies to improve speaking up include using multimethod education initiatives, enhancing psychological safety, and managing conflict. Perioperative nurses can experience barriers to speaking up, such as lack of team familiarity, normalization of deviance, and differing perceptions among team members. The logistics of whole‐team training initiatives can be challenging; however, such initiatives can help participants improve their understanding of the perspectives and communication goals of all involved personnel. Perioperative nurses and leaders should collaborate to promote speaking up for safety when warranted.
Investigation of antitumor activity and albumin interaction of new sulfosalicylate‐based complex by spectroscopic and computational approaches
Authors: Behroozi Roghayeh , Dehghanian Effat , Mansouri‐Torshizi Hassan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the present study, the drug delivery by albumin protein and antiproliferetaive activity of new transition metal complex i.e., [Pd (phen)(SSA)] (where phen and SSA represent 1, 10 phenanthroline and sulfosalicylic acid, respectively) was investigated. DFT (density functional theory) calculations were conducted at B3LYP level with 6‐311G(d,p)/aug‐ccpVTZ‐PP basis set for the purpose of geometry optimization, frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), and natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. Experimental tests were conducted to preliminarily assess the lipophilicity and antitumor activity of the metal complex, resulting in promising findings. In‐silico prediction was accomplished to assess its toxicity and bioavailability. To evaluate the binding of the newly formed complex with DNA (which results in halting the cell cycle) or serum albumin protein (drug transporter to the tissues), in‐silico molecular modeling was employed. Experimental results (spectroscopic and non‐spectroscopic) showed that the new compound interacts with each biomolecule via hydrogen bond and van der Waals interactions. Molecular docking demonstrated the binding of this complex to the DNA groove and site I of BSA occurs mainly through hydrogen bonds. Molecular dynamics simulation confirmed the interactions between [Pd (phen)(SSA)] with DNA or BSA through stable hydrogen bonds.
Analysis of structural defects and their influence on red‐emitting γ‐Al2O3:Mn4+,Mg2+ nanowires using positron annihilation spectroscopy
Authors: Hue Pham Thi , Hue Nguyen Thi Ngoc , Van Tiep Nguyen , Trung Nguyen Vu Minh , Phuc Phan Trong , Nguyen La Ly , Son Lo Thai , Trang Le Thi Quynh , Trung Ngo Dang , Hung Nguyen Quang , Tuyen Luu Anh , Duy Nguyen Hoang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe present paper reported on the analysis of structural defects and their influence on the red‐emitting γ‐Al2O3:Mn4+,Mg2+ nanowires using positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS). The nanowires were synthesized by hydrothermal method and low‐temperature post‐treatment using glucose as a reducing agent. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence (PL), and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) were utilized, respectively, for determining the structural phase, morphology and red‐emitting intensity in studied samples. Three PAS experiments, namely, positron annihilation lifetime (PAL), Doppler broadening (DB), and electron momentum distribution (EMD), were simultaneously performed to investigate the formations of structural defects in synthesized materials. Obtained results indicated that the doping concentration of 0.06% was optimal for the substitution of Mn4+ and Mg2+ to two Al3+ sites and the formation of oxygen vacancy (VO)‐rich vacancy clusters (2VAl + 3VO) and large voids (~0.7 nm) with less Al atoms. Those characteristics reduced the energy transfer between Mn4+ ions, thus consequently enhanced the PL and PLE intensities. Moreover, this optimal doping concentration also effectively controlled the size of nanopores (~2.18 nm); hence, it is expected to maintain the high thermal conductivity of γ‐Al2O3 nanowire‐phosphor. The present study, therefore, demonstrated a potential application of γ‐Al2O3 nanowire‐phosphor in fabricating the high‐performance optoelectronic devices.
Recent Progress on Cobalt‐Based Heterogeneous Catalysts for Hydrogen Production from Ammonia Borane
Authors: Li Yilin , Gao Xiaohan , Iv Xuechuan , Duan Ying , Sui Dong , Chang Wanting , Yang Yanliang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAmmonia borane (NH3BH3, AB) is a quintessential exemplar of chemical hydrogen storage materials and has been widely used in hydrogen evolution. Although expensive metal catalysts (such as Rh, Ru, Pt, Ag, etc.) exhibit high activity in the hydrolysis of ammonia borane, inexpensive metals are more economical. Cobalt (Co), in particular, is not only relatively inexpensive and readily available, but also possesses high activity and selectivity. Compared to other catalysts, cobalt‐based catalysts have better durability and can maintain catalytic activity for a longer period of time, making them favored by researchers. These catalysts demonstrate excellent stability, hydrogen evolution rate, and turn over frequency. This article summarized previous progress in low price metal cobalt‐based catalysts for hydrogen precipitation from ammonia borane, focusing on cobalt‐based catalysts supported on various supports, especially those supported on carbon materials, metal oxides, MOFs, and nickel foams. The characteristics of high‐performance catalytic systems are analyzed in detail. The development prospects of Co catalysts for hydrogen production from ammonia borane were also discussed. In summary, this review compiles various supported and other types of cobalt based catalysts in recent years, and also identifies the existing problems with these catalysts, providing a reference for developers to study these catalysts. It is believed that through careful regulation of the electronic and spatial structures of Co based catalysts, well‐designed Co based non precious metal catalysts will play a significant role in the decomposition of ammonia borane.
Multimodal treatment according to the NPC‐GPOH trials in adult patients with nasopharyngeal cancer—Analysis based on a single‐center experience
Authors: Leu Martin , Bohnenberger Hanibal , Guhlich Manuel , Schirmer Markus Anton , Pilavakis Yiannis , Wolff Hendrik Andreas , Rieken Stefan , Dröge Leif Hendrik 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and AimThe German NPC‐GPOH trials introduced treatment including neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radiochemotherapy (RCT) and antiviral treatment in patients aged 25 years or younger with nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). We conducted a retrospective study on outcomes of patients at the age of ≥26 years treated accordingly at our institution.MethodsConsecutive patients who received primary RCT for NPC were included. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to calculate survival probabilities, and the Cox regression analysis was used to test for an influence of the variables on outcomes. Acute and late toxicity were evaluated via CTCAE criteria and LENT/SOMA criteria, respectively.ResultsIn total, 30 patients were included. Diagnosis was made from 09/1994 to 11/2016. The median 5 year overall survival (OS), disease‐free survival (DFS), cancer‐specific survival (CSS) and locoregional recurrence‐free survival (LRC) were 75%, 56%, 83%, and 85%, respectively. We found a negative impact on outcomes (p < .05) in case of older age (OS), history of smoking (OS), and T4 stage/ UICC stage IV (DFS). WHO histologic type significantly influenced outcomes, with best outcomes for type III and worst outcomes for type I. The rates of acute and late toxicities were acceptable.ConclusionWe found excellent outcomes and good feasibility of the NPC‐GPOH trials regimen in adult patients. Additionally, we identified patients with outcomes which need to be improved (smokers, histologic type I tumors) and with particularly excellent outcomes (histologic type III tumors). This stimulates further studies on treatment intensification or de‐escalation aiming at reduced side effects with optimal tumor control in NPC.
How Can the Filler‐Polymer Interaction in Mixed Matrix Membranes Be Enhanced?
Authors: Hasan Md. Rafiul , Coronas Joaquín 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMixed matrix membranes (MMMs) constitute a type of molecular separation membranes in which a nanomaterial type filler is dispersed in a given polymer to enhance its selective permeation ability. The key issue in MMMs is the establishing of a proper filler‐polymer interaction to avoid non‐selective transport paths while increasing permeability but also to improve other membrane properties such as aging and plasticization. Along the pass years several strategies have been applied to enhance the physicochemical interaction between the fillers (e. g. silicas, zeolites, porous coordination polymers, carbonaceous materials, etc.) and the membrane polymers: increase of external surface area, priming, use of intrinsically more compatible fillers, in situ synthesis of filler, in situ polymerization, polymer side‐chain modification and post‐synthetic modification of filler.
Mouse Models for the Study of Borrelia burgdorferi Infection
Authors: Olsen Kimberly J. , Sachan Shilpa , Baumgarth Nicole 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLyme disease, a tickborne illness caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, is an emerging, significant public health concern. B. burgdorferi infections are challenging to study because of their complex life cycle that requires adaptation to both ticks and mammalian hosts for long‐term survival and transmission. Bacterial adaptation is accomplished through extensive gene expression alterations in response to environmental cues that remain to be more fully explored. Mouse models of infection serve as valuable tools for studying B. burgdorferi adaptation to the mammalian host and the spirochete's ability to cause persistent infections and thus to interact with and evade the immune system. This article details three mouse models that differ in their primary methods of infection: infestation with B. burgdorferi infected ticks, intradermal inoculation of culture‐grown spirochetes, and infection via subcutaneous transplantation of infected tissue. Each method offers unique advantages and limitations. Tick infestation is the route of natural transmission but presents logistical challenges. Syringe inoculation is easy and provides precise control over the infectious dose, but infection is with culture‐adapted bacteria. Transplantation of infected tissue introduces mammalian‐host‐adapted B. burgdorferi in precise anatomical locations, but misses the transfer of tick factors affecting immunity. Detailed protocols are provided for each of the three infection routes, and pros and cons of each method are outlined to help researchers identify the best approach for a research question to be addressed. A protocol is also provided for the treatment of mice with antibiotics that reliably eliminates detectable spirochetes from the animals. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Syringe inoculation of mice with cultured B. burgdorferi and collection of necropsy tissuesBasic Protocol 2: Infection of mice with B. burgdorferi via tick infestationBasic Protocol 3: Infection of mice with host‐adapted B. burgdorferi via tissue transplantSupport Protocol: Clearance of B. burgdorferi by antibiotic treatment
New Full‐Wave Rectifiers Based on the Plus‐Type Second‐Generation Current Conveyors
Authors: Yucehan Tolga , Yuce Erkan , Minaei Shahram , Psychalinos Costas 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTTwo new full‐wave rectifiers (FWRs) based on two plus‐type second‐generation current conveyors are proposed in this paper. Also, the proposed FWR structures comprise two diodes and two grounded resistors without matching conditions. They are not affected from any bias voltage(s) and/or current(s); thus, they eliminate the need for extra circuitry. One of the proposed FWRs provides positive rectification, while the other offers negative rectification. Both proposed FWRs have high input impedance and gain. Simulation results are obtained through the SPICE program, and experimental results are provided.
Landscape change and alien invasions drive shifts in native lady beetle communities over a century
Authors: Perry Kayla I. , Bahlai Christie A. , Assal Timothy J. , Riley Christopher B. , Turo Katherine J. , Taylor Leo , Radl James , Delgado de la flor Yvan A. , Sivakoff Frances S. , Gardiner Mary M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnderstanding causes of insect population declines is essential for the development of successful conservation plans, but data limitations restrict assessment across spatial and temporal scales. Museum records represent a source of historical data that can be leveraged to investigate temporal trends in insect communities. Native lady beetle decline has been attributed to competition with established alien species and landscape change, but the relative importance of these drivers is difficult to measure with short‐term field‐based studies. We assessed distribution patterns for native lady beetles over 12 decades using museum records, and evaluated the relative importance of alien species and landscape change as factors contributing to changes in communities. We compiled occurrence records for 28 lady beetle species collected in Ohio, USA, from 1900 to 2018. Taxonomic beta‐diversity was used to evaluate changes in lady beetle community composition over time. To evaluate the relative influence of temporal, spatial, landscape, and community factors on the captures of native species, we constructed negative binomial generalized additive models. We report evidence of declines in captures for several native species. Importantly, the timing, severity, and drivers of these documented declines were species‐specific. Land cover change was associated with declines in captures, particularly for Coccinella novemnotata which declined prior to the arrival of alien species. Following the establishment and spread of alien lady beetles, processes of species loss/gain and turnover shifted communities toward the dominance of a few alien species beginning in the 1980s. Because factors associated with declines in captures were highly species‐specific, this emphasizes that mechanisms driving population losses cannot be generalized even among closely related native species. These findings also indicate the importance of museum holdings and the analysis of species‐level data when studying temporal trends in insect populations.