bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Daily energy expenditure and water turnover in female netball players from the Netball Super League: A doubly labeled water observation study
Authors: Costello Nessan , Jones Ben , Roe Stephanie , Blake Cameron , Clark Anthony , Chantler Sarah , Owen Cameron , Wilson Lara , Wilson Oliver , Stavropoulos‐Kalinoglou Antonis , Janse van Rensburg Dina C. , Hambly Catherine , Speakman John R. , Backhouse Susan , Whitehead Sarah 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo establish the criterion‐assessed energy and fluid requirements of female netball players, 13 adult players from a senior Netball Super League squad were assessed over 14 days in a cross‐sectional design, representing a two‐ and one‐match microcycle, respectively. Total energy expenditure (TEE) and water turnover (WT) were measured by doubly labeled water. Resting and activity energy expenditure were measured by indirect calorimetry and Actiheart, respectively. Mean 14‐day TEE was 13.46 ± 1.20 MJ day−1 (95% CI, 12.63–14.39 MJ day−1). Resting energy expenditure was 6.53 ± 0.60 MJ day−1 (95% CI, 6.17–6.89 MJ day−1). Physical activity level was 2.07 ± 0.19 arbitrary units (AU) (95% CI, 1.95–2.18 AU). Mean WT was 4.1 ± 0.9 L day−1 (95% CI, 3.6–4.7 L day−1). Match days led to significantly greater TEE than training (+2.85 ± 0.70 MJ day−1; 95% CI, +1.00– +4.70 MJ day−1; p = 0.002) and rest (+4.85 ± 0.70 MJ day−1; 95% CI, +3.13–+6.56 MJ day−1; p < 0.001) days. Matches led to significantly greater energy expenditure (+1.85 ± 1.27 MJ; 95% CI, +0.95–+2.76 MJ day−1; p = 0.001) than court‐based training sessions. There was no significant difference in TEE (+0.03 ± 0.35 MJ day−1; 95% CI, −0.74–+0.80 MJ day−1; p = 0.936) across weeks. Calibrated Actiheart 5 monitors underestimated TEE (−1.92 ± 1.21 MJ day−1). Energy and fluid turnover were greatest on match days, followed by training and rest days, with no difference across weeks. This study provides criterion‐assessed energy and fluid requirements to inform dietary guidance for female netball players.
Sobre el género Eremolepis Grisebach (Ereinolepidaceae) en Cuba
Authors: Sánchez Angela T. Lelva 
Published: July 2024

ResumenSe ofrece una descripción completa, e ilustraciones de la especies Eremolepis wrightii Grisebach, ya que en la diagnosis original sólo se hizo referencia a la flor femenina. Se discuten las implicaciones taxonómicas de los resultados y se ofrecen algunos datos ecológicos.
Vorstellungen zur Evolution und Chorogenese der neotropischen Buxus‐Arten
Authors: Köhler Egon 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungAusgehend von der rezenten Verbreitung der Gattung Buxus und in Auswertung der Muster der Pollenevolution, der Blattstiel‐ und Achsenvaskularisation und der Blattnervatur werden Überlegungen zur systematischen Stellung und der möglichen Ableitung der Arten der Neuen Welt angestellt.Ihre nächsten Verwandten kommen gegenwärtig in Ost‐Afrika vor und zeigen damit eine sehr alte Disjunktion, während die wesentlichen Stadien ihrer Pollenevolution bereits im Tertiär Europas nachgewiesen wurden.Cuba besitzt die höchste Zahl von Arten mit der gröβten morphologischen und phylogenetischen Vielfalt und erweist sich so als Entwicklungszentrum in der Neuen Welt. Auf den anderen Antillen und in Zentral‐ und Süd‐Amerika kommen meist eng verwandte Vertreter von nur ein oder zwei Verwandtschaftsgruppen vor, die sich erst nach der Isolation dieser Gebiete und der Herausbildung ihrer orographischen Gegebenheiten differenziert haben.Die morphologischen und systematischen Befunde werden im Zusammenhang mit neuesten Erkenntnissen über die geologischen, paläogeographisehen und paläoklimatischen Entwieklungen und den Tendenzen der edaphisehen Spezialisierung diskutiert. Die Kombination dieser Befunde trägt dazu bei, die Entwicklungsgeschichte der Gattung Buxus in der Neotropis zu rekonstruieren und gewisse Marken ihrer raumzeitlichen Differenzierung zu setzen.
Nodal anatomy of the seedlings of Family Mimosaceae
Authors: Vaneja T. R. , Thanki Y. J. , Parabia M. H. 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThe nodal anatomy of the seedlings of six Mimosaceae plants viz,; Acacia nilotica L.; Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn.; Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd. Acacia pinnata (L.) Willd.; Mimosa pudica L. and Neptunia triquetra Bth. has been studied. The cotyledonary vascular supply may be unilacunar with single trace, two traces or three traces. The nodal vasculature of leaves is trilacunar. Thus the cotyledonary node of the taxa under study exhibits variation in the vasculature. Nodal anatomy also suggests that though the first leaf/leaf pair, morphologically appears to be developing from the cotyledonary node, it infact originates from a point little above the cotyledonary node. This indicates the presence of “condensed interned” between the cotyledonary node and leaf node.
Role of orthobiologics in managing patellar tendinopathy: A narrative review
Authors: Banerjee Sumit , Balamarthandapuram Gopalakrishna Ragulajay , Elhence Abhay 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPatellar tendinopathy is a relatively common cause of anterior knee pain in athletes. It is predominantly seen in sports involving jumping, running, abrupt change in direction like basketball, volleyball, soccer, sprinting and jumping. The main pathophysiology is considered to be repetitive microtrauma at the inferior pole of patella along with a poor healing response. Although eccentric exercises have shown to be beneficial, the improvement is often slow and may result in a less than satisfactory outcome. There is a growing interest of orthobiologics, mainly platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) in multiple chronic musculoskeletal pathologies. This narrative review aimed to analyse the current evidence on the role of orthobiologics in the management of recalcitrant patellar tendinopathy. Multiple studies have shown significant clinical improvement with negligible adverse effects on PRP injection for patellar tendinopathy. Most studies assessed report that the effects of PRP are sustained. However, among all studies evaluated, there is a considerable heterogeneity in terms of PRP composition, number of injections, dosage interval and postinjection rehabilitation protocol, pointing to the need for further research to enable standardisation of PRP therapy. Stem cells too have shown potential to be effective as a treatment modality for chronic patellar tendinopathy, but there is limited data to recommend its use outside of research setting or to enable a meaningful comparison to PRP. There is a promising role of orthobiologics in management of chronic patellar tendinopathy not responding to conventional treatment.Level of EvidenceNot applicable (narrative review).
Normothermic liver perfusion derived extracellular vesicles have concentration‐dependent immunoregulatory properties
Authors: Jennings Heather , McMorrow Stacey , Chlebeck Peter , Heise Grace , Levitsky Mia , Verhoven Bret , Kink John A. , Weinstein Kristin , Hong Seungpyo , Al‐Adra David P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are major contributors to immunological responses following solid organ transplantation. Donor derived EVs are best known for their role in transplant rejection through transferring donor major histocompatibility complex proteins to recipient antigen presenting cells, a phenomenon known as ‛cross‐decoration’. In contrast, donor liver‐derived EVs are associated with organ tolerance in small animal models. Therefore, the cellular source of EVs and their cargo could influence their downstream immunological effects. To investigate the immunological effects of EVs released by the liver in a physiological and transplant‐relevant model, we isolated EVs being produced during normothermic ex vivo liver perfusion (NEVLP), a novel method of liver storage prior to transplantation. We found EVs were produced by the liver during NEVLP, and these EVs contained multiple anti‐inflammatory miRNA species. In terms of function, liver‐derived EVs were able to cross‐decorate allogeneic cells and suppress the immune response in allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions in a concentration‐dependent fashion. In terms of cytokine response, the addition of 1 × 109 EVs to the mixed lymphocyte reactions significantly decreased the production of the inflammatory cytokines TNF‐α, IL‐10 and IFN‐γ. In conclusion, we determined physiologically produced liver‐derived EVs are immunologically regulatory, which has implications for their role and potential modification in solid organ transplantation.
Baohuoside I chemosensitises breast cancer to paclitaxel by suppressing extracellular vesicle/CXCL1 signal released from apoptotic cells
Authors: Wang Shengqi , Li Jing , Xu Shang , Wang Neng , Pan Bo , Yang Bowen , Zheng Yifeng , Zhang Juping , Peng Fu , Peng Cheng , Wang Zhiyu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype and chemotherapy is the cornerstone treatment for TNBC. Regrettably, emerging findings suggest that chemotherapy facilitates pro‐metastatic changes in the tumour microenvironment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been highly implicated in cancer drug resistance and metastasis. However, the effects of the EVs released from dying cancer cells on TNBC prognosis and corresponding therapeutic strategies have been poorly investigated. This study demonstrated that paclitaxel chemotherapy elicited CXCL1‐enriched EVs from apoptotic TNBC cells (EV‐Apo). EV‐Apo promoted the chemoresistance and invasion of co‐cultured TNBC cells by polarizing M2 macrophages through activating PD‐L1 signalling. However, baohuoside I (BHS) remarkably sensitized the co‐cultured TNBC cells to paclitaxel chemotherapy via modulating EV‐Apo signalling. Mechanistically, BHS remarkably decreased C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1) cargo within EV‐Apo and therefore attenuated macrophage M2 polarization by suppressing PD‐L1 activation. Additionally, BHS decreased EV‐Apo release by diminishing the biogenesis of intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) within multivesicular bodies (MVBs) of TNBC cells. Furthermore, BHS bound to the LEU104 residue of flotillin 2 (FLOT2) and interrupted its interaction with RAS oncogene family member 31 (RAB31), leading to the blockage of RAB31‐FLOT2 complex‐driven ILV biogenesis. Importantly, BHS remarkably chemosensitised paclitaxel to inhibit TNBC metastasis in vivo by suppressing EV‐ApoCXCL1‐induced PD‐L1 activation and M2 polarization of tumour‐associated macrophages (TAMs). This pioneering study sheds light on EV‐ApoCXCL1 as a novel therapeutic target to chemosensitise TNBC, and presents BHS as a promising chemotherapy adjuvant to improve TNBC chemosensitivity and prognosis by disturbing EV‐ApoCXCL1 biogenesis.
Effect of aging temperature on the microstructure and properties of alloyed high‐manganese steel
Authors: Sun J. , Jiang M. , Dong L. , Ding Z. , Bao Y. , Luo S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper describes an aging treatment based on alloying the traditional high‐carbon high‐manganese steel to improve its initial wear resistance (wear resistance after water toughening treatment only). The changes in structure and mechanical properties of alloyed high‐manganese steel after aging treatment at different temperatures were investigated using various experimental methods such as metallographic analysis, mechanical property testing, and fracture morphology observation.The austenite grain boundary began to have the appearance of grain carbide at 550 °C; a large number of pearlites nucleated at the grain boundary and within grain at 600 °C, most phase transitions occur at 650 °C; and the pearlite and carbide began to revert to a soluble state at 700 °C, leaving only a small amount of pearlite in the austenite grain boundary. The hardness and yield strength of alloyed high‐manganese steel increase and then decrease with the increasing aging temperature, and the high peaks appear in the range of 600 °C–650 °C; while the tensile strength and plasticity decrease and then slightly increase, with the highest and lowest peaks being approximately 550 °C and 650 °C, respectively.At the aging temperature of 550 °C, the alloy high manganese steel has good comprehensive mechanical and deformation strengthening properties, with yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, and section shrinkage of 536 MPa, 1058 MPa, 51 % and 35 %, respectively. The changes in the properties of alloyed high‐manganese steel are related to the pattern of structural changes that occur during the aging process.
Distortion‐free water‐fat separated diffusion‐weighted imaging using spatiotemporal joint reconstruction
Authors: Zhou Xuetong , Daniel Bruce L. , Hargreaves Brian A. , Lee Philip K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeDiffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) suffers from geometric distortion and chemical shift artifacts due to the commonly used Echo Planar Imaging (EPI) trajectory. Even with fat suppression in DWI, severe B0 and B1
variations can result in residual fat, which becomes both a source of image artifacts and a confounding factor in diffusion‐weighted contrast in distinguishing benign and malignant tissues. This work presents a method for acquiring distortion‐free diffusion‐weighted images using spatiotemporal acquisition and joint reconstruction. Water‐fat separation is performed by chemical‐shift encoding.MethodsSpatiotemporal acquisition is employed to obtain distortion‐free images at a series of echo times. Chemical‐shift encoding is used for water‐fat separation. Reconstruction and separation are performed jointly in the spat‐spectral domain. To address the shot‐to‐shot motion‐induced phase in DWI, an Fast Spin Echo (FSE)‐based phase navigator is incorporated into the sequence to obtain distortion‐free phase information. The proposed method was validated in phantoms and in vivo for the brain, head and neck, and breast.ResultsThe proposed method enables the acquisition of distortion‐free diffusion‐weighted images in the presence of B0 field inhomogenieties commonly observed in the body. Water and fat components are separated with no obvious spectral leakage artifacts. The estimated Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) is comparable to that of multishot DW‐EPI.ConclusionDistortion‐free, water‐fat separated diffusion‐weighted images in body can be obtained through the utilization of spatiotemporal acquisition and joint reconstruction methods.
Study on the quality difference between raw and ginger juice processed Magnoliae officinalis cortex by UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS and GC–MS coupled with color measurement
Authors: Qi Yufang , Zhang Kewei , Ren Yingtong , Fan Xingchen , Wang Jing , Lu Tulin , Mao Chunqin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionMagnoliae officinalis cortex (MOC) has been used for thousands of years as a traditional Chinese herb. In Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition), it has two types of decoction pieces, raw Magnoliae officinalis cortex (RMOC) and ginger juice processed Magnoliae officinalis cortex (GMOC). The quality difference between RMOC and GMOC has not been explored systemically.ObjectiveThis study aimed to discover the quality difference between RMOC and GMOC, and clarify the effect of ginger juice during processing comprehensively.MethodsUltra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) were applied to study the non‐volatile and volatile components of RMOC and GMOC; electronic eye was applied for color measurement. Meanwhile, water processed Magnoliae officinalis cortex (WMOC) was studied as the blank sample.ResultsThere were 155 non‐volatile and 72 volatile substances identified. Between RMOC and GMOC, 29 distinctive non‐volatile and 34 distinctive volatile compounds were detected, among which 23 new compounds appeared and five compounds disappeared due to the addition of ginger juice during processing. The intensities of 12 common non‐volatile compounds and the relative percentage contents of four common volatile compounds showed significant differences between RMOC and GMOC. In color measurement of RMOC, GMOC, and WMOC, 14 common compounds with significant differences were discovered related to their color values, and their mathematical prediction functions were built.ConclusionThere were significant differences between RMOC and GMOC; the processing mechanism of GMOC would be carried out based on the differential compounds in further investigation.
Rényi Holographic Dark Energy
Authors: Nakarachinda Ratchaphat , Pongkitivanichkul Chakrit , Samart Daris , Tannukij Lunchakorn , Wongjun Pitayuth 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this work, the holographic dark energy model is constructed by using the non‐extensive nature of the Schwarzschild black hole via the Rényi entropy. Due to the non‐extensivity, the black hole can be stable under the process of fixing the non‐extensive parameter. A change undergoing such a process would then motivate us to define the energy density of the Rényi holographic dark energy (RHDE). As a result, the RHDE with choosing the characteristic length scale as the Hubble radius provides the late‐time expansion without the issue of causality. Remarkably, the proposed dark energy model contains the non‐extensive length scale parameter additional to the standard model. The cosmic evolution can be characterized by comparing the size of the Universe to this length scale. Moreover, the preferable value of the non‐extensive length scale is determined by fitting the model to recent observations. The results of this work would shed light on the interplay between the thermodynamic description of the black hole with non‐extensivity and the classical gravity description of the evolution of the Universe.
Dynamic‐surface‐based adaptive predefined‐time control for nonlinear non‐affine switched systems with sensor fault
Authors: Xu Ke , Wang Huanqing , Liu Peter Xiaoping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe adaptive neural tracking fault‐tolerant control problem is considered for nonlinear non‐affine switched systems with sensor faults via dynamic surface control (DSC) technique under arbitrary switchings within predefined‐time interval. During the controller design process, the non‐affine formation strictly processed so that the implicit control signals can be transformed into explicit ones. The introduction of hyperbolic tangent function to design the control signal eliminates the singularity at the same time, but also avoids the tedious discussion of the segmentation function to solve the singularity. Considering Lyapunov stability theorem, an adaptive fault tolerant control approach is presented, which means that the settling‐time can be programmed by the user practical specification under arbitrary switching, the predefined time boundedness of all closed‐loop signals can be ensured, and the influence of sensor faults can be compensated. The effectiveness of the presented method is verified via simulation results.
Conclusion: Feminist Foreign Policy and Digital Diplomacy in a Turbulent World
Authors: Aggestam Karin , Rosamond Annika Bergman , Hedling Elsa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis concluding chapter highlights the key findings of the book and explores the trajectory of the politics of feminist foreign policy and digital diplomacy amidst evolving and changing geopolitical dynamics. With the abandonment of feminist foreign policy by the new Swedish Conservative-led government in 2022, we unpack the ramifications and opportunities for pursuing a feminist foreign policy and digital diplomacy in a turbulent world. Highlighting the geopolitical significance of gender as a divisive force within the digital sphere, we advance new theoretical knowledge garnered from the case studies examined in this book. By way of conclusion, we showcase prospective avenues for the potential transformative forces of feminist foreign policy and digital diplomacy.
A Vicious Cycle? Group-Level Analysis of Intra-Individual Dynamics in Mental Health Variables
Authors: Bommer Jana , Schwartz Brian , Klein Christine , Rupp Jan , Katalinic Alexander , Assmann Nele , Borsche Max , Balck Alexander , Föh Bandik , Lutz Wolfgang , Klein Jan P. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The network theory of mental disorders asserts the pivotal role of feedback loops in psychopathology. We investigated intra-individual dynamics and potential feedback loops in psychological networks and their association with long-term outcomes.

Methods
At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, data from a population-based cohort (N = 2029) were collected every three days for six months on well-being, worries, fatigue, sleep quality, social integration, and activity. Subgrouping—Group Iterative Multiple Model Estimation -was used to estimate networks of time-series data on the individual, subgroup, and group levels. Subgroup networks were compared and associations of subgroup membership with sociodemographic and health status variables at baseline and outcomes at follow-up were examined.

Results
Despite the large heterogeneity between individuals, a potential feedback loop involving sleep quality, fatigue and well-being was identified. Furthermore, two subgroups were identified, whereby the edges of the potential feedback loop were more present in Subgroup 1 than in Subgroup 2. Membership to Subgroup 1 was associated with lower education and fewer people aged over 60 in their household at baseline as well as poorer well-being, more worries, and more frequent and earlier COVID-19 diagnoses at follow-up.

Conclusions
The identified feedback loop might indeed represent a vicious cycle and thus contribute to the development of psychopathology. However, limitations such as the limited measurement density made it difficult to find temporal associations and call for a cautious interpretation of results.
The Disappearing Agent and the Phenomenology of Agency
Authors: Hu Jingbo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe causal theory of action is thought to be plagued by the problem of the disappearing agent. However, philosophers have reached no consensus on the nature of this problem, let alone on whether it is solvable. In this article, I interpret the problem as a phenomenological challenge: the causal theory of action employs an event-causal framework, with which certain aspects of the phenomenology of agency seem incompatible. I examine two areas in which the phenomenology appears to speak against an event-causal framework: (1) the phenomenology of acting and (2) the phenomenology of making choices. Specifically, some philosophers have asserted that the phenomenology of acting involves content that action is caused by the agent themselves rather than by their mental states. Some philosophers have argued that the phenomenology of making choices involves content that the agent stands apart from their mental states in a way that allows them to reflect on, evaluate, or even manipulate their mental states. I argue that in neither case does the phenomenology pose a real challenge to the causal theory of action.