bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Speech-in-Noise and Dichotic Auditory Training Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Mathews Lauren , Schafer Erin C. , Gopal Kamakshi V. , Lam Boji , Miller Sharon 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
Individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit auditory processing issues, including poor speech recognition in background noise and dichotic processing (integration of different stimuli presented to the two ears). Auditory training could mitigate these auditory difficulties. However, few auditory training programs have been designed to target specific listening deficits for students with ASD. The present study summarizes the development of an innovative, one-on-one, clinician-developed speech-in-noise (SIN) training program that has not been previously described and an existing dichotic auditory training program to address common auditory processing deficits in students with ASD.

Method:
Twenty verbal students with ASD, ages 7–17 years, completed a one-on-one, clinician-developed SIN training program and a commercially available dichotic training program 2–3 times a week (30–45 min per session) for 12 weeks. Maximum and minimum training levels from the SIN and dichotic training programs were analyzed statistically to document changes in training level over the training period.

Results:
Analyses of the pre- and posttraining data revealed significant improvements in training level for both the SIN and dichotic training programs.

Conclusions:
Overall, the proposed SIN training resulted in significant improvements in training level and may be used along with dichotic training to improve some of the most common auditory processing issues documented in verbal individuals with ASD requiring minimal support. Both types of auditory training may be implemented in one-on-one therapy in clinics and in the schools.
Recommendations for Expanding the Clinical Role of Audiologists in Hospitals in Mainland China: Insights From a Survey-Based Study
Authors: Wang Shangqiguo , Mo Changgeng , Zhao Cheng , Shen Xiaoli , Chen Yuan 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
This study aims to collect information on the current duties and educational backgrounds of clinical audiologists in mainland Chinese hospitals, aiming to making recommendations for the scope of practice for them.

Method:
A survey-based study focused on clinical audiologists in mainland China was conducted. This survey sought to collect comprehensive information regarding their educational backgrounds, work duties, and responsibilities. After reaching out to a potential pool of 495 participants within an online community of clinical audiologists, 162 responses were received from various hospitals across mainland China.

Results:
The survey findings indicate that most clinical audiologists in China are primarily engaged in hearing/auditory-related assessments. Although most respondents have received proper clinical audiology training, with 98.77% holding a bachelor's degree or higher, their role closely resembles that of audiology technicians, with many lacking the authority to explain test results to patients (60.49%) or to choose specific assessments (75.93%). Despite their substantial training in audiology, the scope of their clinical responsibilities is notably limited.

Conclusions:
Given the extensive audiological training that these professionals undergo and the growing demand for audiology and hearing care services in China, there is a compelling justification for expanding the duties of clinical audiologists in Chinese hospitals. Such an expansion could encompass audiological consultations and a more direct role in patient care, thereby improving the quality and accessibility of audiology services in China.
Research on airport baggage anomaly retention detection technology based on machine vision, edge computing, and blockchain
Authors: Chen Yuzhou , Mao Gang , Yang Xue , Du Mingqian , Song Hongqing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAirport checked luggage entails specific requirements for speed, stability, and reliability. The issue of abnormal retention of checked luggage presents a significant challenge to aviation safety and transportation efficiency. Traditional luggage monitoring systems exhibit limitations in terms of accuracy and timeliness. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a real‐time detection and alerting of luggage anomaly retention based on the YOLOv5 object detection model, leveraging visual algorithms. By eliminating cloud servers and deploying multiple edge servers to establish a private chain, images of anomalously retained luggage are encrypted and stored on the chain. Data users can verify the authenticity of accessed images through anti‐tampering algorithms, ensuring the security of data transmission and storage. The deployment of edge computing servers can significantly reduce algorithm latency and enhance real‐time performance. This solution employs computer vision technology and an edge computing framework to address the speed and stability of checked luggage transportation. Furthermore, blockchain technology greatly enhances system security during operation. A model trained on a sample set of 4600 images achieved a luggage recognition rate of 96.9% and an anomaly detection rate of 95.8% in simulated test videos.
GLRT‐based detection of targets composed of distributed scattering centres
Authors: Hatami Amir Mohammad , Karbasi Seyyed Mohammad , Nayebi Mohammad Mahdi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAttributed scattering problems have been found to be helpful in inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging and target recognition problems. In this model, the scattering centres are divided into two categories: localised and distributed. Localised scattering centres are those that are concentrated in a small area, while distributed scattering centres are spread out over a larger area. Several methods have been proposed to estimate the scattering centres which aim to accurately identify the location and characteristics of the scattering centres. However, detecting a distributed scattering centre remains a challenging task. A novel technique is proposed based on sparse signals to improve the detection of distributed scattering centres from localised ones. This technique takes advantage of the sparsity of the signals to accurately identify the location of the distributed scattering centres. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of algorithm in detecting distributed scattering centres. This improved detection capability has significant implications for ISAR imaging and target recognition problems.
Experiences of (Potentially) Traumatizing Deployments and
Posttraumatic Stress in Police Officers: An Exploratory Survey of Early Career
Police Officers
Authors: Posch Lena , Zube Anna-Lena 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background As part of their career, police officers are faced with
traumatic events on a regular basis and are at a higher risk of developing
post-traumatic-stress disorder (PTSD) compared to the general population. The
aim of this study was to examine if and how many early career police officers
had already experienced potentially traumatizing situations and how many met
either subsyndromal or complete PTSD criteria. A further subject of interest was
if the officers knew the concept of psychosocial emergency care for first
responders (PSNV-E) and if such support was made use of.
Method Early career police officers (n=221) were assessed via an
online survey about their posttraumatic stress symptoms.
Results More than half of the participants (n=121) reported having
experienced at least one traumatic deployment. PTSD prevalence in this group was
at 1.7%, an additional 14.9% showed partial PTSD. One-fifth did not know about
the PSNV-E concept.
Conclusion Police officers are confronted with a range of extremely
stressful events early in their career leading to first symptoms of PTSD in some
of them. Early prevention strategies as well as the identification of those
affected for secondary prevention is of very high relevance for long-term mental
health.
Langzeitergebnisse nach Rekonstruktion von Fingerdefekten mittels
Cross-Finger-Lappenplastik
Authors: Mulica Markus , Yasmin Mohamed , Cai Aijia , Arkudas Andreas , Müller-Seubert Wibke , Horch Raymund E 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Cross-Finger-Lappenplastiken sind trotz aller Fortschritte in der
mikrochirurgischen Rekonstruktion von Fingerdefekten weiterhin ein probates
Rekonstruktionsverfahren. Daten zu Langzeitergebnissen sind jedoch in der
Literatur spärlich. Diese retrospektive, unizentrische Kohortenstudie untersucht
die klinischen und subjektiven Ergebnisse nach Haut- und Weichteilrekonstruktion
an den beugeseitigen Fingern sowie nach Fingerkuppen-Amputation mittels
Cross-Finger-Lappenplastik.
Patienten und Methoden Die Studie umfasste Patienten/-innen, bei welchen
zwischen Januar 2003 bis Juli 2022 eine Cross-Finger-Lappenplastik zur
Rekonstruktion von isolierten Haut- und Weichteilverletzungen an den Fingern
durchgeführt wurde. Insgesamt konnten 35 Patienten/-innen (31 Männer, 4 Frauen,
Durchschnittsalter: 59,0 Jahre±20,1) mittels klinischer Untersuchung und mittels
Quick-DASH-Score sowie einem eigens entwickelten Fragebogen nachuntersucht
werden. Die klinische Nachuntersuchung umfasst die Bestimmung des
Bewegungsradius des rekonstruierten Fingers und des Spenderfingers sowie der
Sensibilität im Bereich der Cross-Finger-Lappenplastik. Der
Nachuntersuchungszeitraum belief sich zwischen 1 und 19 Jahren (Mittelwert: 12,6
Jahre±6,1).
Ergebnis Es ergab sich kein signifikanter Unterschied hinsichtlich der
Beweglichkeit des rekonstruierten Fingers und des Spenderfingers im Vergleich
zur kontralateralen gesunden Hand. Alle Patienten berichteten über eine
regelrechte Spitz-/Stumpf-Diskrimination. Es bestand jedoch ein signifikanter
Unterschied hinsichtlich der 2-Punkte-Diskrimination im Bereich der
Cross-Finger-Lappenplastik im Vergleich zu dem gesunden kontralateralen Finger
(p<0,05). Der Quick-DASH-Score belief sich durchschnittlich auf 5,1 von 10
Punkten. Die Zufriedenheit mit dem funktionellen Ergebnis hinsichtlich der
Beweglichkeit und Belastbarkeit der Cross-Finger-Lappenplastik lag
durchschnittlich bei 8,1 von 10 Punkten. Die Zufriedenheit mit dem ästhetischen
Ergebnis des rekonstruierten Fingers lag durchschnittlich bei 7,7 von 10
Punkten. In 4 Fällen wurde von persistierenden Schmerzen bei Belastung des
rekonstruierten Fingers berichtet. In keinem Fall wurde ein Ruheschmerz
beobachtet.
Schlussfolgerung Die Cross-Finger-Lappenplastik stellt ein sicheres und
sinnvoll einsetzbares rekonstruktives Verfahren zur Defektdeckung von palmaren
Verletzungen sowie Fingerkuppen-Amputationen der Finger dar. Im Langzeitverlauf
sind keine Bewegungseinschränkungen aufgrund der temporären iatrogenen
Syndaktylie zu beobachten.
Serum Leucine Aminopeptidase Activity Patterns Across Various Disease States: Potential Implications for Bleeding and Thrombosis Risk
Authors: Yu Sha , Zhang Meng , Guo Yachong , Zhang Lijuan 
Published: July 2024

Background Disruptions in the pathways for activating and deactivating proteases in the bloodstream can lead to thrombosis and bleeding issues. Leucine aminopeptidases (LAPs), which are exopeptidases essential for regulating protein and peptide activities, are recognized as clinical biomarkers for liver diseases. However, the relationship between serum LAP activity and the risks of bleeding or thrombosis, as well as the identification of the specific tissues or organs that control LAP levels, is not well understood.
Methods We performed a retrospective study to evaluate serum LAP activities in 149,360 patients with 47 different diseases and 9,449 healthy individuals. The analysis was conducted using SPSS V2.6, RStudio V.1.3.1073, and libraries in Python 3.8.
Results Our research revealed that 21 of the 47 diseases studied showed increased median serum LAP activities, while 26 diseases were associated with significantly lower activities, especially those related to thrombosis. Furthermore, most diseases were found to have an increased risk of bleeding and thrombosis, indicated by higher Q25 and lower Q75 LAP activities compared to the control group. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis confirmed the effectiveness of LAP activities as biomarkers for specific conditions like hepatic encephalopathy, liver cancer, pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer. Diseases were categorized into clusters with similar bleeding or thrombotic tendencies through principal component analysis.
Conclusion This study highlighted regulatory influence of the liver and pancreas on LAP levels. The established link between serum LAP concentrations and the risk of bleeding or thrombosis paved the way for the development of diagnostic and preventative approaches for various medical conditions.
From Data to Manuscript: A Strategy for Young Oncologists to Write a Scientific Paper
Authors: del Giglio Auro , de Cubero Daniel Iracema Gomes , da Costa Mateus Uerlei Pereira 
Published: July 2024

AbstractScientific manuscripts are the basis for the transmission of scientific data among physicians in all fields of medicine. To teach young oncologists the skills needed to author a paper, we decided to emulate how experienced clinicians perform this task. The first step is to create a spreadsheet with all the clinical data gathered and submit it to a statistical analysis using a statistical software package. The most important results are presented in the graphs and tables. The results should be explained in a logical and understandable manner. Writing the “Materials and Methods” section follows, with all the technical information that any other researcher may need to reproduce elsewhere the study in question. A critical-thinking stage, in which a review of the pertinent literature is conducted with the use of a reference management software, should provide all the knowledge and questions to write the “Introduction” and “Discussion” sections. The “Abstract” and “Title” are the final sections to be created. Following these steps, the author can correct the first draft of the manuscript for submission to a specific journal. Choosing the right journal and answering the reviewers' comments are also important steps in this process. Even if a young oncologist does not embark on an academic career, learning how to write a scientific manuscript is believed to be the best way to teach them how to read such manuscripts during their lifelong continuous self-education.
Discovery of a Novel Benzimidazole Necroptosis Inhibitor from an In-House Compound Library
Authors: Zou Yu , Chai Yue , Shao Hongming , Wang Shuyu , Hou Ruilin , Liu Runhui , Zhao Linjing , Zhuang Chunlin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNecroptosis, a caspase-independent regulated cell death, is primarily mediated by the serine/threonine kinases RIPK1 and RIPK3, and the mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). Targeting necroptosis is a validated therapeutic strategy for various diseases. We screened compound 1, a novel benzimidazole-based necroptosis inhibitor, from our in-house compound library. We assessed its inhibitory roles and mechanisms in blocking HT-29 cell necroptosis. HT-29 cells were treated with pan caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK + Smac mimetic (TSZ), or Z-VAD-FMK + cycloheximide (TCZ), then with tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) to induce necroptosis in vitro. Prior to stimulation, cells were exposed to compound 1. GSK'843 served as a control drug. HT-29 cells were treated with TNFα + Smac mimetic (TS) or TNFα + cycloheximide (TC) to induce apoptosis in vitro. Cell viability, cell death, and necroptotic cells were evaluated by luminescence-based CellTiter-Lumi assay or flow cytometry. Western blots, immunoprecipitation, and KINOMEscan technology were used to assess RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL's involvement in compound 1's mechanisms. Compound 1's roles in mouse TNFα induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in mice were also investigated by assessing body temperature, mouse survival rate, and interleukin (IL)-β and IL-6 levels in respective tissues. We found that necroptosis triggered by TSZ or TCZ was effectively mitigated by compound 1, showing a dose-responsive inhibition, and it could protect mice from TNF-induced SIRS. The mechanism study showed that compound 1 could interact with RIPK1, inhibiting RIPK1 phosphorylation activation to block necrosome formation in necroptotic cells. In summary, compound 1 is a promising lead compound for developing treatments targeting diseases associated with necroptosis.
X-Linked Myotubular Myopathy and Mitochondrial Function in Muscle and Liver Samples
Authors: Inoue Kenji , Kato Takeo , Terasaki Eisuke , Ishihara Mariko , Fujii Tatsuya , Aida Yuko , Murayama Kei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractX-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a rare congenital myopathy that commonly manifests with liver involvement. In most XLMTM cases, disease-causing variants have been identified in the myotubularin gene (MTM1) on chromosome Xq28, which encodes myotubularin protein (MTM1). The impairment of mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) enzyme activity in muscle has been observed in the XLMTM mouse model. Though several reports mentioned possible mechanisms of liver involvement in XLMTM patients and animal models, the precise underlying mechanisms remain unknown, and there is no report focused on mitochondrial functions in hepatocytes in XLMTM. We encountered two patients with XLMTM who had liver involvement. We measured MRC enzyme activities in two muscle biopsy specimens, and one liver specimen from our patients to investigate whether MTM1 variants cause MRC dysfunction and whether mitochondrial disturbance is associated with organ dysfunction. MRC enzyme activities decreased in skeletal muscles but were normal in the liver. In our patients, the impaired MRC enzyme activity found in muscle is consistent with previously reported mechanisms that the loss of MTM1-desmin intermediate filament and MTM1-IMMT (a mitochondrial membrane protein) interaction led to the mitochondrial dysfunction. However, our study showed that liver involvement in XLMTM may not be associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
Copy Number Alteration of Cyclin D1 (CCND 1) Gene as a Prognostic Factor in Oral Squamous Cancers and its Correlation with Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Authors: Ratnagiri Ranganath , Jena Shubhranshu , Ranganath Prajnya , Uppin Megha S. , Shantappa Rajashekar 
Published: July 2024

Background Oral squamous cancers remain the most common cancers among males in India and the third most common cancer among men and women combined, with an age standardized ratio of 9.1 per 100,000 population. Surgery and chemoradiation have not improved survival rates significantly and hence, newer therapeutic targets are needed. Cyclin D1 (CCND1) is a proto-oncogene which is located on chromosome 11q13 and has been found to be amplified in many cancers including oral cancers. It is said to correlate with aggressive tumor growth and a poorer prognosis.
Aim This article correlates cyclin D1 (CCND1) gene copy number alteration with clinicopathologic prognostic factors in oral squamous cancers.
Materials and Methods Sixty-three patients who underwent surgery for oral cancer between January and June 2022 were included in the study after obtaining informed consent and ethics approval. Copy number alteration of CCND1 was assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Qf PCR) and correlated with clinical and histopathological prognostic factors, including short-term recurrence. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software.
Results A statistically significant correlation was determined between the Qf PCR values of CCND1 gene and locoregional recurrence. Gene copy number alteration also correlated strongly with a higher grade of the primary tumor. There was also a significant correlation between the Qf PCR values and the immunohistochemistry for cyclin D1.
Conclusion Cyclin D1 offers a new therapeutic target in oral cancers and may improve survival without significant treatment-related morbidity.
Simulation of novel Pt-M nanocatalysis for proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Authors: He Yusong , Bai Minli 
Published: July 2024

To enhance proton exchange membrane fuel cells, an ultra-thin cathode catalytic layer based on PtPdCu nanowires is analyzed. The purpose is to optimize fuel cell performance by analyzing key parameters of the catalytic layer in detail, such as thickness and porosity. Numerical simulation methods are used to simulate the structural parameters and operating conditions of the catalytic layer using COMSOL Multi-physics software. The paper focuses on analyzing the changes in the transport resistance of electrons, protons, and oxygen within the catalytic layer, as well as the measurement method of the porosity of the catalytic layer. The results demonstrated that when the catalytic layer thickness reached 450 nm, the power density of proton exchange membrane fuel cells reached its peak, which was 801 and 996 mW/cm2, respectively. In catalytic layers with a thickness of less than 1 µm, the transfer efficiency of oxygen and electrons was higher. When the thickness exceeds 5 µm, oxygen transmission was hindered, and the proton transfer path becomes longer. The average porosity was 44.02%, indicating a high structural consistency of the catalytic layer. In terms of redox reaction performance, the area specific activity of PtPdCuNWs was four times that of commercial Pt/C. This study emphasizes the importance of the ultra-thin cathode catalytic layer in optimizing the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells and provides insights into improving catalytic efficiency and overall fuel cell performance through micro-structure design.
PyDFT-QMMM: A modular, extensible software framework for DFT-based QM/MM molecular dynamics
Authors: Pederson John P. , McDaniel Jesse G. 
Published: July 2024

PyDFT-QMMM is a Python-based package for performing hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) simulations at the density functional level of theory. The program is designed to treat short-range and long-range interactions through user-specified combinations of electrostatic and mechanical embedding procedures within periodic simulation domains, providing necessary interfaces to external quantum chemistry and molecular dynamics software. To enable direct embedding of long-range electrostatics in periodic systems, we have derived and implemented force terms for our previously described QM/MM/PME approach [Pederson and McDaniel, J. Chem. Phys. 156, 174105 (2022)]. Communication with external software packages Psi4 and OpenMM is facilitated through Python application programming interfaces (APIs). The core library contains basic utilities for running QM/MM molecular dynamics simulations, and plug-in entry-points are provided for users to implement custom energy/force calculation and integration routines, within an extensible architecture. The user interacts with PyDFT-QMMM primarily through its Python API, allowing for complex workflow development with Python scripting, for example, interfacing with PLUMED for free energy simulations. We provide benchmarks of forces and energy conservation for the QM/MM/PME and alternative QM/MM electrostatic embedding approaches. We further demonstrate a simple example use case for water solute in a water solvent system, for which radial distribution functions are computed from 100 ps QM/MM simulations; in this example, we highlight how the solvation structure is sensitive to different basis-set choices due to under- or over-polarization of the QM water molecule’s electron density.