bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expanding the applicability of Lavrentiev regularization methods for ill-posed problems
Authors: Argyros Ioannis K , Cho Yeol Je , George Santhosh 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIn this paper, we are concerned with the problem of approximating a solution of an ill-posed problem in a Hilbert space setting using the Lavrentiev regularization method and, in particular, expanding the applicability of this method by weakening the popular Lipschitz-type hypotheses considered in earlier studies such as (Bakushinskii and Smirnova in Numer. Funct. Anal. Optim. 26:35-48, 2005; Bakushinskii and Smirnova in Nonlinear Anal. 64:1255-1261, 2006; Bakushinskii and Smirnova in Numer. Funct. Anal. Optim. 28:13-25, 2007; Jin in Math. Comput. 69:1603-1623, 2000; Mahale and Nair in ANZIAM J. 51:191-217, 2009). Numerical examples are given to show that our convergence criteria are weaker and our error analysis tighter under less computational cost than the corresponding works given in (Bakushinskii and Smirnova in Numer. Funct. Anal. Optim. 26:35-48, 2005; Bakushinskii and Smirnova in Nonlinear Anal. 64:1255-1261, 2006; Bakushinskii and Smirnova in Numer. Funct. Anal. Optim. 28:13-25, 2007; Jin in Math. Comput. 69:1603-1623, 2000; Mahale and Nair in ANZIAM J. 51:191-217, 2009).MSC:65F22, 65J15, 65J22, 65M30, 47A52.
Integrative analysis of congenital muscular torticollis: from gene expression to clinical significance
Authors: Yim Shin-Young , Yoon Dukyong , Park Myong Chul , Lee Il Jae , Kim Jang-Hee , Lee Myung Ae , Kwack Kyu-Sung , Lee Jan-Dee , Lee Jeong-Hun , Soh Euy-Young , Na Young-In , Park Rae Woong , Lee KiYoung , Jun Jae-Bum 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background
Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is characterized by thickening and/or tightness of the unilateral sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM), ending up with torticollis. Our aim was to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and novel protein interaction network modules of CMT, and to discover the relationship between gene expressions and clinical severity of CMT.

Results
Twenty-eight sternocleidomastoid muscles (SCMs) from 23 subjects with CMT and 5 SCMs without CMT were allocated for microarray, MRI, or imunohistochemical studies. We first identified 269 genes as the DEGs in CMT. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that the main function of the DEGs is for extracellular region part during developmental processes. Five CMT-related protein network modules were identified, which showed that the important pathway is fibrosis related with collagen and elastin fibrillogenesis with an evidence of DNA repair mechanism. Interestingly, the expression levels of the 8 DEGs called CMT signature genes whose mRNA expression was double-confirmed by quantitative real time PCR showed good correlation with the severity of CMT which was measured with the pre-operational MRI images (R2 ranging from 0.82 to 0.21). Moreover, the protein expressions of ELN, ASPN and CHD3 which were identified from the CMT-related protein network modules demonstrated the differential expression between the CMT and normal SCM.

Conclusions
We here provided an integrative analysis of CMT from gene expression to clinical significance, which showed good correlation with clinical severity of CMT. Furthermore, the CMT-related protein network modules were identified, which provided more in-depth understanding of pathophysiology of CMT.
A semi-automated protocol for Archaea DNA extraction from stools
Authors: Khelaifia Saber , Ramonet Pierre-Yves , Bedotto Buffet Marielle , Drancourt Michel 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background
The PCR-based detection of archaea DNA in human specimens relies on efficient DNA extraction. We previously designed one such protocol involving only manual steps. In an effort to reduce the workload involved, we compared this manual protocol to semi-automated and automated protocols for archaea DNA extraction from human specimens.

Findings
We tested 110 human stool specimens using each protocol. An automated protocol using the EZ1 Advanced XL extractor with the V 1.066069118 Qiagen DNA bacteria card and the EZ1® DNA Tissue Kit (Qiagen, Courtaboeuf, France) yielded 35/110 (32%) positives for the real-time PCR detection of the Methanobrevibacter smithii 16S rRNA gene, with average Ct values of 36.1. A semi-automated protocol combining glass-powder crushing, overnight proteinase K digestion and lysis in the buffer from the EZ1 kit yielded 90/110 (82%) positive specimens (P = 0.001) with an average Ct value of 27.4 (P = 0.001). The manual protocol yielded 100/110 (91%) positive specimens (P = 0.001) with an average Ct value of 30.33 (P = 0.001). However, neither the number of positive specimens nor the Ct values were significantly different between the manual protocol and the semi-automated protocol (P > 0.1 and P > 0.1).

Conclusion
Proteinase K digestion and glass powder crushing dramatically increase the extraction yield of archaea DNA from human stools. The semi-automated protocol described here was more rapid than the manual protocol and yielded significantly more archaeal DNA. It could be applied for extracting total stool DNA for further PCR amplification.
Foot orthoses for the management of low back pain: a qualitative approach capturing the patient's perspective
Authors: Williams Anita E , Hill Lindsay A , Nester Christopher J 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe onset of non specific low back pain is associated with heavy lifting, age, female gender, and poor general health, with psychological factors being predictors of it becoming chronic. Additionally, it is thought that altered lower limb biomechanics are a contributory factor, with foot orthoses increasingly being considered as an appropriate intervention by physiotherapists and podiatrists. However, research into the effect of foot orthoses is inconclusive, primarily focusing on the biomechanical effect and not the symptomatic relief from the patient's perspective. The aim of this study was to explore the breadth of patients' experiences of being provided with foot orthoses and to evaluate any changes in their back pain following this experience.MethodFollowing ethical approval, participants (n = 25) with non‐specific low back pain associated with altered lower limb biomechanics were provided with customised foot orthoses. At 16 weeks after being provided with the foot orthoses, conversational style interviews were carried out with each patient. An interpretivistic phenomenological approach was adopted for the data collection and analysis.ResultsFor these participants, foot orthoses appeared to be effective. However, the main influence on this outcome was the consultation process and a patient focussed approach. The consultation was an opportunity for fostering mutual understanding, with verbal and visual explanation reassuring the patient and this influenced the patient's beliefs, their engagement with the foot orthoses (physical) and their experience of low back pain (psychological).ConclusionClinicians need to adopt ‘psychologically informed practice’ in relation to the provision of foot orthoses. Likewise, researchers should consider all the influencing factors found in this study, both in relation to their study protocol and the outcomes they plan to measure.
The maintenance and monitoring of perioperative blood volume
Authors: Iijima Takehiko , Brandstrup Birgitte , Rodhe Peter , Andrijauskas Audrius , Svensen Christer H 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The assessment and maintenance of perioperative blood volume is important because fluid therapy is a routine part of intraoperative care. In the past, patients undergoing major surgery were given large amounts of fluids because health-care providers were concerned about preoperative dehydration and intraoperative losses to a third space. In the last decade it has become clear that fluid therapy has to be more individualized. Because the exact determination of blood volume is not clinically possible at every timepoint, there have been different approaches to assess fluid requirements, such as goal-directed protocols guided by invasive and less invasive devices.
This article focuses on laboratory volume determination, capillary dynamics, aspects of different fluids and how to clinically assess and monitor perioperative blood volume.
Vitamin B12 deficiency among patients with diabetes mellitus: is routine screening and supplementation justified?
Authors: Kibirige Davis , Mwebaze Raymond 
Published: May 2013

AbstractVitamin B12 is an essential micronutrient required for optimal hemopoetic, neuro-cognitive and cardiovascular function. Biochemical and clinical vitamin B12 deficiency has been demonstrated to be highly prevalent among patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It presents with diverse clinical manifestations ranging from impaired memory, dementia, delirium, peripheral neuropathy, sub acute combined degeneration of the spinal cord, megaloblastic anemia and pancytopenia. This review article offers a current perspective on the physiological roles of vitamin B12, proposed pathophysiological mechanisms of vitamin B12 deficiency, screening for vitamin B12 deficiency and vitamin B12 supplementation among patients with diabetes mellitus.
Randomized Phase II, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Exemestane With or Without Entinostat in Postmenopausal Women With Locally Recurrent or Metastatic Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Progressing on Treatment With a Nonsteroidal Aromatase Inhibitor
Authors: Yardley Denise A. , Ismail-Khan Roohi R. , Melichar Bohuslav , Lichinitser Mikhail , Munster Pamela N. , Klein Pamela M. , Cruickshank Scott , Miller Kathy D. , Lee Min J. , Trepel Jane B 
Published: May 2013

Purpose Entinostat is an oral isoform selective histone deacetylase inhibitor that targets resistance to hormonal therapies in estrogen receptor–positive (ER+) breast cancer. This randomized, placebo-controlled, phase II study evaluated entinostat combined with the aromatase inhibitor exemestane versus exemestane alone. Patients and Methods Postmenopausal women with ER+ advanced breast cancer progressing on a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor were randomly assigned to exemestane 25 mg daily plus entinostat 5 mg once per week (EE) or exemestane plus placebo (EP). The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). Blood was collected in a subset of patients for evaluation of protein lysine acetylation as a biomarker of entinostat activity. Results One hundred thirty patients were randomly assigned (EE group, n = 64; EP group, n = 66). Based on intent-to-treat analysis, treatment with EE improved median PFS to 4.3 months versus 2.3 months with EP (hazard ratio [HR], 0.73; 95% CI, 0.50 to 1.07; one-sided P = .055; two-sided P = .11 [predefined significance level of .10, one-sided]). Median overall survival was an exploratory end point and improved to 28.1 months with EE versus 19.8 months with EP (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.97; P = .036). Fatigue and neutropenia were the most frequent grade 3/4 toxicities. Treatment discontinuation because of adverse events was higher in the EE group versus the EP group (11% v 2%). Protein lysine hyperacetylation in the EE biomarker subset was associated with prolonged PFS. Conclusion Entinostat added to exemestane is generally well tolerated and demonstrated activity in patients with ER+ advanced breast cancer in this signal-finding phase II study. Acetylation changes may provide an opportunity to maximize clinical benefit with entinostat. Plans for a confirmatory study are underway.
Evaluation of Tumor-Size Response Metrics to Predict Overall Survival in Western and Chinese Patients With First-Line Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Claret Laurent , Gupta Manish , Han Kelong , Joshi Amita , Sarapa Nenad , He Jing , Powell Bob , Bruno René 
Published: May 2013

Purpose To assess new metrics of tumor-size response to predict overall survival (OS) in colorectal cancer (CRC) in Western and Chinese patients. Patients and Methods Various metrics of tumor-size response were estimated using longitudinal tumor size models and data from two phase III studies that compared bevacizumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy as first-line therapy in Western (n = 923) and Chinese (n = 203) patients with CRC. Baseline prognostic factors and tumor-size metrics estimates were assessed in multivariate models to predict OS. Predictive performances of the models were assessed by simulating multiple replicas of the phase III studies. Results Time to tumor growth (TTG) was the best metric to predict OS. TTG fully captured bevacizumab effect. Chinese ethnicity had no impact on OS or on the TTG-OS relationships. The model correctly predicted OS distributions in each arm as well as bevacizumab hazard ratio (model prediction, 0.75 v 0.68 observed in Western patients; 95% prediction interval, 0.62 to 0.91). Conclusion TTG captured therapeutic benefit with bevacizumab in first-line CRC patients. Chinese ethnicity had no impact. Longitudinal tumor size data coupled with model-based approaches may offer a powerful alternative in the design and analysis of early clinical studies.
Ovarian Cancer Incidence Trends in Relation to Changing Patterns of Menopausal Hormone Therapy Use in the United States
Authors: Yang Hannah P. , Anderson William F. , Rosenberg Philip S. , Trabert Britton , Gierach Gretchen L. , Wentzensen Nicolas , Cronin Kathleen A. , Sherman Mark E. 
Published: May 2013

Purpose After a report from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) in 2002, a precipitous decline in menopausal hormonal therapy (MHT) use in the United States was linked to a decline in breast cancer incidence rates. Given that MHT use is also associated with increased ovarian cancer risk, we tested whether ovarian cancer incidence rates changed after 2002. Methods Using the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries database (1995 to 2008; N = 171,142 incident ovarian cancers), we applied standard analytic approaches and age-period-cohort (APC) models to estimate ovarian cancer incidence rate changes before (1995 to 2002) and after (2003 to 2008) the WHI report. Results Among women age ≥ 50 years, age-standardized ovarian cancer incidence declined by 0.8% per year (95% CI, −1.8% to −0.5% per year) before the WHI announcement; after the WHI report, the rate declined by 2.4% per year (95% CI, −2.5% to −2.2% per year). APC models confirmed an accelerated decline in ovarian cancer incidence after the WHI report, adjusted for age and birth cohort effects. This sudden change was notable among women most likely to have used MHT (ie, women age 50 to 69 years, white women, and residents of regions with highest MHT prescription frequency). The largest changes were found for the endometrioid histologic subtype. Conclusion After a marked reduction in MHT use around 2002, ovarian cancer incidence rates demonstrated an accelerated decline, with the largest changes for endometrioid carcinomas. This strong temporal association, although not proving a causal role of hormones in ovarian carcinogenesis, suggests that future analytic research supporting cancer control efforts should clarify the role of hormonal exposures on the development and behavior of subtypes of ovarian cancer.
Trajectories of Psychological Distress in Adolescent and Young Adult Patients With Cancer: A 1-Year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Kwak Minyoung , Zebrack Brad J. , Meeske Kathleen A. , Embry Leanne , Aguilar Christine , Block Rebecca , Hayes-Lattin Brandon , Li Yun , Butler Melissa , Cole Steven 
Published: May 2013

Purpose To examine prevalence and changes in symptoms of psychological distress over 1 year after initial cancer diagnosis in adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients with cancer. Sociodemographic and clinical predictors of changes in distress were examined. Patients and Methods In this multisite, longitudinal, prospective study of an ethnically diverse sample, 215 patients age 14 to 39 years were assessed for psychological distress within the first 4 months of diagnosis and again 6 and 12 months later. Linear mixed models with random intercept and slope estimated changes in distress, as measured by the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18). Results Within the first 4 months of diagnosis, 60 respondents (28%) had BSI-18 scores suggesting caseness for distress. On average, distress symptoms exceeded population norms at the time of diagnosis, dipped at the 6-month follow-up, but increased to a level exceeding population norms at the 12-month follow-up. A statistically significant decline in distress over 1 year was observed; however, the gradient of change was not clinically significant. Multivariate analyses revealed that the reduction in distress over time was primarily a function of being off treatment and involved in school or work. Notably, cancer type or severity was not associated with distress. Conclusion Findings emphasize the importance of early psychosocial intervention for distress in AYAs as well as the need to manage treatment-related symptoms and facilitate AYAs' involvement in work or school to the extent possible. Continued research is needed to understand how distress relates to quality of life, functional outcomes, treatment, and symptom burden throughout the continuum of care.
Randomized Selection Design Trial Evaluating CD8+-Enriched Versus Unselected Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes for Adoptive Cell Therapy for Patients With Melanoma
Authors: Dudley Mark E. , Gross Colin A. , Somerville Robert P.T. , Hong Young , Schaub Nicholas P. , Rosati Shannon F. , White Donald E. , Nathan Debbie , Restifo Nicholas P. , Steinberg Seth M. , Wunderlich John R. , Kammula Udai S. , Sherry Richard M. , Yang James C. , Phan Giao Q. , Hughes Marybeth S. , Laurencot Carolyn M. , Rosenberg Steven A. 
Published: May 2013

PurposeAdoptive cell therapy (ACT) with autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) administered to lymphodepleted patients with melanoma can cause durable tumor regressions. The optimal TIL product for ACT is unknown.Patients and MethodsPatients with metastatic melanoma were prospectively assigned to receive unselected young TILs versus CD8+-enriched TILs. All patients received lymphodepleting chemotherapy and high-dose IL-2 therapy and were assessed for response, toxicity, survival, and immunologic end points.ResultsThirty-four patients received unselected young TILs with a median of 8.0% CD4+lymphocytes, and 35 patients received CD8+-enriched TILs with a median of 0.3% CD4+lymphocytes. One month after TIL infusion, patients who received CD8+-enriched TILs had significantly fewer CD4+peripheral blood lymphocytes (P = .01). Twelve patients responded to therapy with unselected young TILs (according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST]), and seven patients responded to CD8+-enriched TILs (35% v 20%; not significant). Retrospective studies showed a significant association between response to treatment and interferon gamma secretion by the infused TILs in response to autologous tumor (P = .04), and in the subgroup of patients who received TILs from subcutaneous tumors, eight of 15 patients receiving unselected young TILs responded but none of eight patients receiving CD8+-enriched TILs responded.ConclusionA randomized selection design trial was feasible for improving individualized TIL therapy. Since the evidence indicates that CD8+-enriched TILs are not more potent therapeutically and they are more laborious to prepare, future studies should focus on unselected young TILs.
Mimesis and Motivation: The Two Faces of Fictional Coherence
Authors: Sternberg Meir 
Published: May 2013

This paper deals with “motivation” as fiction’s twofold logic of patterning and relates it to other concepts or lines of sense-making (e.g., integration, naturalization). The argument is best summarized through the paper’s headings.1. Why Is the Discourse Like That? Motivation as Twofold Reason-Giving2. Reality, Artifice, and Motivation: Doctrinal Biases, Variable Products, Universal Modes; 2.1 Aristotle’s Mimesis of Nature by Art; or, Why Plot above Character?; 2.2 Viktor Shklovsky and Mimesis Fallen below Art3. How the Extremes Compare: Toward an Alternative Theory4. Conceptualizing Motivation: Basic Requirements5. Motivation and Integration: The Concept of Functional Mediacy; 5.1 Motivation in Tomashevsky’s “Thematics”: The Shift from Cover to Coherence; 5.2 From Polarity to Threefold: The Typology of Motivation; 5.3 Motivating and Integrating Distinguished in Face of Persistent Mix-Up; 5.4 Naturalization6. Integral and Differential Motivation: The Mimetic Function7. Motivation and Communicative Structure: Point of View as Sense-Making Construct; 7.1 Who Motivates, and from Whose Standpoint?; 7.2 Motivating Fictional as against Factual Discourse: The Difference Made by Quotation; 7.3 Appeal to Existence or to Perspective? Unrealistic World and/or Unreliable Subject?; 7.4 Fictional Motivation under the Proteus Principle; 7.5 Sibling Rivalry and Contingent Resolution within the Family of MimesisI am an art theoretician.... I know what motivation is!Viktor Shklovsky, A Sentimental Journey
Internet-delivered eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (iEMDR): an open trial
Authors: Spence Jay , Titov Nickolai , Johnston Luke , Dear Blake F , Wootton Bethany , Terides Matthew , Zou Judy 
Published: May 2013

Recent research indicates internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) can reduce symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study examined the efficacy of an internet-delivered treatment protocol that combined iCBT and internet-delivered eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (iEMDR), in an uncontrolled trial. Eleven of the 15 participants completed post-treatment questionnaires. Large effect sizes were found from pre-treatment to 3-month follow-up (d = 1.03 – 1.61) on clinician-assessed and self-reported measures of PTSD, anxiety and distress, with moderate effect sizes (d = 0.59 – 0.70) found on measures of depression and disability. At post-treatment, 55% of the participants no longer met criteria for PTSD and this was sustained at follow-up. Symptom worsening occurred in 3 of 15 (20%) of the sample from pre- to post-treatment; however, these participants reported overall symptom improvement by follow-up. Future research directions for iEMDR are discussed.
Novel xylan-controlled delivery of therapeutic proteins to inflamed colon by the human anaerobic commensal bacterium
Authors: Hamady ZZR 
Published: May 2013

Introduction Growth factors such as keratinocyte growth factor-2 (KGF-2) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) are important immunoregulatory and epithelial growth factors. They are also potential therapeutic proteins for inflammatory bowel disease. However, owing to protein instability in the upper gastrointestinal tract, it is difficult to achieve therapeutic levels of these proteins in the injured colon when given orally. Furthermore, the short half-life necessitates repeated dosage with large amounts of the growth factor, which may have dangerous side effects, hence the importance of temporal and spatial control of growth factor delivery. Methods The human commensal gut bacterium, Bacteroides ovatus, was genetically engineered to produce human KGF-2 or TGF-β 1 (BO-KGF or BO-TGF) in a regulated manner in response to the dietary polysaccharide, xylan. The successful application of BO-KGF or BO-TGF in the prevention of dextran sodium sulphate induced murine colitis is presented here. Results This novel drug delivery system had a significant prophylactic effect, limiting the development of intestinal inflammation both clinically and histopathologically. The ability to regulate heterologous protein production by B ovatus using xylan is both unique and an important safety feature of this drug delivery system. Conclusions The use of genetically engineered B ovatus for the controlled and localised delivery of epithelial growth promoting and immunomodulatory proteins has potential clinical applications for the treatment of various diseases targeting the colon.