bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards a Community-Based Framework for Flood Risk Management in Woodlands Park, Gweru
Authors: Musarandega Happwell , Chanza Nelson , Masocha Wonder 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUrban flood risks in Zimbabwe emanate from the twin challenges of rapid urbanisation and climate change. Most urban settlements have become increasingly anchorages, which require increased adaptation through the sustainable management of urban storm water. Building on the Woodlands Park case in Gweru, this paper locates the problem of recurrent floods to the impasse between residents and council authorities on the one hand, and climatic risks reinforcing underlying rapid urbanisation challenges on the other hand. The purpose of the study was to gather the views of residents and their role in seeking solutions to the storm water management challenges. Utilising a mixed methodology, insights were drawn from field observations and purposive selection of 50 household representatives, triangulated with the views of officials from Gweru City Council (GCC). Data were obtained through in-depth interviews using semi-structured questions and analysed using thematic content analysis where participants’ views were grouped into themes according to their resemblance. By utilising Vensim PLE 7.3 Software, we applied systems thinking theory to reveal the interconnectedness of the factors leading to heightened storm water challenges. The findings showed that Woodlands Park lacks proper drainage installations that meet the standards of GCC. Some residents use personal resources to make storm drains on their yards but with differing structural dimensions. The local drainage system gets choked by silt and illegally dumped litter. Municipal authorities do not undertake routine annual drain reticulation operations, exposing houses to flooding. We argue that municipal authorities, land developers and the residents have not equitably collated their efforts to create bargained storm water management initiatives. The study proposes a community-based, low-cost flood resilience framework that engages residents with technical guidance from municipal staff.
Hub metastatic gene signature and risk score of breast cancer patients with small tumor sizes using WGCNA
Authors: Chang Yu-Tien , Hong Zhi-Jie , Tsai Hsueh-Han , Feng An-Chieh , Huang Tzu-Ya , Yu Jyh-Cherng , Hsu Kuo-Feng , Huang Chi-Cheng , Lin Wei-Zhi , Chu Chi-Ming , Liang Chia-Ming , Liao Guo-Shiou 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women and accounts for approximately 15% of all cancer deaths among women globally. The underlying mechanism of BC patients with small tumor size and developing distant metastasis (DM) remains elusive in clinical practices.

Methods
We integrated the gene expression of BCs from ten RNAseq datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to create a genetic prediction model for distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) in BC patients with small tumor sizes (≤ 2 cm) using weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA) analysis and LASSO cox regression.

Results
ABHD11, DDX39A, G3BP2, GOLM1, IL1R1, MMP11, PIK3R1, SNRPB2, and VAV3 were hub metastatic genes identified by WGCNA and used to create a risk score using multivariable Cox regression. At the cut-point value of the median risk score, the high-risk score (≥ median risk score) group had a higher risk of DM than the low-risk score group in the training cohort [hazard ratio (HR) 4.51, p < 0.0001] and in the validation cohort (HR 5.48, p = 0.003). The nomogram prediction model of 3-, 5-, and 7-year DMFS shows good prediction results with C-indices of 0.72–0.76. The enriched pathways were immune regulation and cell–cell signaling. EGFR serves as the hub gene for the protein–protein interaction network of PIK3R1, IL1R1, MMP11, GOLM1, and VAV3.

Conclusion
Prognostic gene signature was predictive of DMFS for BCs with small tumor sizes. The protein–protein interaction network of PIK3R1, IL1R1, MMP11, GOLM1, and VAV3 connected by EGFR merits further experiments for elucidating the underlying mechanisms.

Graphical abstract
Insights on physiological, antioxidant and flowering response to salinity stress of two candidate ornamental species: the native coastal geophytes Pancratium maritimum L. and Eryngium maritimum L
Authors: Cerrato Marcello Dante , Mir-Rosselló Pere Miquel , Cortés-Fernández Iván , Ribas-Serra Arnau , Douthe Cyril , Cardona Carles , Sureda Antoni , Flexas Jaume , Gil Vives Lorenzo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIncreasing seawater influence in coastal areas is an ongoing environmental issue. Gardening is a widespread activity mainly in touristic areas such as the Mediterranean coasts. However, the use of exotic species well adapted to salinity encompasses the risk of invasive species introduction. This study aimed to evaluate salinity tolerance of native geophytes, Pancratium maritimum L. and Eryngium maritimum L., to assess their use as ornamental species in salt affected coastal areas. Experiments were conducted using cultivated plants for flowering response and physiological and enzymatic antioxidant response. Six treatments were applied for two months, exposing plants to seawater (SW) dilutions (Tap-Water, 6.25%SW, 12.5%SW, 25%SW, 50%SW and 100%SW). Taxa decreased inflorescence production being this effect more architectonical in E. maritimum and affecting all inflorescence integrity in P. maritimum. Flowering time was strongly delayed and reduced in P. maritimum, while E. maritimum showed smaller effects among treatments. Physiological and biochemical response showed at moderate salinity levels (1/4SW) variation concomitant with late stress response and senescence in P. maritimum, with decreased water use efficiency, NPQ values, and enzymatic activity, and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. In contrast, E. maritimum showed early stress response with steady gas exchange response, increasing NPQ values and catalase (CAT) and superoxide dimutase (SOD) activity, and decreasing MDA levels with salinity. Glutathione enzymes showed limited participation in both species. The results of this study suggest that neither species can be classified as halophytes, but they exhibit tolerance to low and moderate salinity levels, making them suitable for ornamental use.
Prevalence of the Huschke Foramen in Colombian Population: An Important Anatomic Alteration for the Planning of TMJ Arthroscopy
Authors: Gonzalez Luis Vicente , López Juan Pablo , Orjuela María Paula , Hernandez-Restrepo Michel , Balentien Mitchell Calvin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Ignoring this anatomic structure would have implications for iatrogenic perforation with the trocar toward the FH during the initial blind drilling or due to the diffusion of the infusion liquid toward the middle ear.

Purpose
To analyze the prevalence of the FH in an institutional population with a high incidence of TMD to provide further guidelines in diagnosing this anomaly and the planification of TMJ arthroscopy.

Materials and Methods
A retrospective tomographic study was conducted at the ENT—Oral and Maxillofacial and Radiology Department of the Hospital Universitario la Samaritana in Bogotá, Colombia. Inclusion criteria were patients over 18 years of age who had complementary exams such as ear, face, paranasal sinus, and/or TMJ tomography. Exclusion criteria were history of direct trauma to the external auditory canal in the medical history, patients with craniofacial syndromes, congenital anomalies, and/or history of cranial, mandibular, or temporal fractures. Two radiologists were part of the evaluators of the CT images who conducted the measures in the axial tomographic section and established the presence of the tympanic defect.

Results
A sample size of 139 medical records of patients, where females represent n: 101 (72.6%) and males represent n: 38 (27.4%). The average age was 43 years ± 18 years. Among the studied population, a total of five FH were detected, corresponding to a prevalence of 3.6% (95% CI 1.5–8.1%). The average size of the defect was 3.52 mm ± 1.1 mm. All the patients had TMJ-related symptoms, but none of them reported otalgia.

Conclusion
The initial evaluation of each patient must be addressed to assess the integrity of the tympanic bone. In this study, the defects size was smaller than others previously reported. However, diffusion through the tympanic defect could spread the lavage substance into the middle ear during TMJ arthroscopic surgery.
Optimized workflow of EV enrichment from human plasma samples for downstream mass spectrometry analysis
Authors: Erwied Patrick , Gu Yi , Simon Lena , Schneider Martin , Helm Dominic , Michel Maurice Stefan , Nuhn Philipp , Nitschke Katja , Worst Thomas Stefan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo improve the prognosis of bladder and prostate cancer, highly specific and sensitive biomarkers are needed for early detection, prognosis prediction, and therapeutic stratification. Extracellular vesicles (EV) from plasma could fill this gap due to their potential to serve as cancer biomarkers. However, the enrichment of EV is a major challenge, because the highly abundant plasma proteins are interfering with analytical downstream applications like mass spectrometry (MS). Therefore, the purity requirements of the EV samples must be carefully considered when selecting or developing a suitable EV enrichment method. The aim of this study was to compare a self-designed EV enrichment method based on density cushion centrifugation (DCC) combined with size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and concentration (method 1) with the exoRNeasy midi kit from Qiagen (method 2) and with unprocessed plasma. Furthermore, the single steps of method 1 were evaluated for their effectiveness to enrich EV from plasma. The results showed that the EV samples enriched with method 1 contained the highest levels of EV and exosome markers with simultaneously low levels of highly abundant plasma proteins. In summary, the combination of DCC, SEC and concentration proved to be a promising approach to discover EV-based biomarkers from plasma of cancer patients.
RNF213 Mutation Associated with the Progression from Middle Cerebral Artery Steno-Occlusive Disease to Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Sasagasako Tomoki , Mineharu Yohei , Funaki Takeshi , Fushimi Yasutaka , Chihara Hideo , Park Silsu , Nakajima Kota , Matsui Yasuzumi , Okawa Masakazu , Kikuchi Takayuki , Arakawa Yoshiki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMiddle cerebral artery steno-occlusive disease (MCAD) has been recognized as a different clinical entity from moyamoya disease (MMD). Although MCAD can progress to MMD, the extent to which patients actually progress and the risk factors for this progression have not been fully elucidated. We retrospectively reviewed patients with MCAD who underwent RNF213 genotyping. Demographic features, RNF213 p.R4810K mutation, medical history, and longitudinal changes in angiography were analyzed. Sixty patients with 81 affected hemispheres were enrolled. During the follow-up period, 17 patients developed MMD, and the RNF213 p.R4810K mutation was the only factor significantly associated with progression to MMD (odds ratio, 16.1; 95% CI, 2.13–731; P = 0.001). The log-rank test demonstrated that patients with the mutation had a higher risk of progression to MMD (P = 0.007), stenosis progression (P = 0.010), and symptomatic cerebral infarction or hemorrhage (P = 0.026). In Cox regression analysis the p.R4810K mutation remained a significant factor after adjusting for age group (childhood or adult onset) at diagnosis (hazard ratio, 8.42; 95% CI, 1.10–64.4). Hemisphere-based analysis also showed that the mutation was associated with a higher risk of progression to the MMD hemisphere (P = 0.002), stenosis progression (P = 0.005), and cerebral infarction or hemorrhage (P = 0.012). The RNF213 p.R4810K mutation was identified as a risk factor for progression from MCAD to MMD. Genotyping for this mutation may contribute to risk stratification in MCAD.
Leveraging large language models through natural language processing to provide interpretable machine learning predictions of mental deterioration in real time
Authors: de Arriba-Pérez Francisco , García-Méndez Silvia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBased on official estimates, 50 million people worldwide are affected by dementia, and this number increases by 10 million new patients every year. Without a cure, clinical prognostication and early intervention represent the most effective ways to delay its progression. To this end, artificial intelligence and computational linguistics can be exploited for natural language analysis, personalized assessment, monitoring, and treatment. However, traditional approaches need more semantic knowledge management and explicability capabilities. Moreover, using large language models (llms) for cognitive decline diagnosis is still scarce, even though these models represent the most advanced way for clinical–patient communication using intelligent systems. Consequently, we leverage an llm using the latest natural language processing (nlp) techniques in a chatbot solution to provide interpretable machine learning prediction of cognitive decline in real-time. Linguistic-conceptual features are exploited for appropriate natural language analysis. Through explainability, we aim to fight potential biases of the models and improve their potential to help clinical workers in their diagnosis decisions. More in detail, the proposed pipeline is composed of (i) data extraction employing nlp-based prompt engineering; (ii) stream-based data processing including feature engineering, analysis, and selection; (iii) real-time classification; and (iv) the explainability dashboard to provide visual and natural language descriptions of the prediction outcome. Classification results exceed 80% in all evaluation metrics, with a recall value for the mental deterioration class about 85%. To sum up, we contribute with an affordable, flexible, non-invasive, personalized diagnostic system to this work.
Responses of runoff to changes in climate and human activities in the Liuhe River Basin, China
Authors: Li Mingqian , Wang He , Du Wei , Gu Hongbiao , Zhou Fanchao , Chi Baoming 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSince the 1950s, numerous soil and water conservation measures have been implemented to control severe soil erosion in the Liuhe River Basin (LRB), China. While these measures have protected the upstream soil and water ecological environment, they have led to a sharp reduction in the downstream flow and the deterioration of the river ecological environment. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the impact of soil and water conservation measures on hydrological processes to assess long-term runoff changes. Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) models and sensitivity analyses based on the Budyko hypothesis, this study quantitatively evaluated the effects of climate change, direct water withdrawal, and soil and water conservation measures on runoff in the LRB during different periods, including different responses to runoff discharge, hydrological regime, and flood processes. The runoff series were divided into a baseline period (1956–1969) and two altered periods, i.e., period 1 (1970–1999) and period 2 (2000–2020). Human activities were the main cause of the decrease in runoff during the altered periods, contributing 86.03% (−29.61 mm), while the contribution of climate change was only 13.70% (−4.70 mm). The impact of climate change manifests as a decrease in flood volume caused by a reduction in precipitation during the flood season. Analysis of two flood cases indicated a 66.00%–84.00% reduction in basin runoff capacity due to soil and water conservation measures in the upstream area. Soil and water conservation measures reduced the peak flow and total flood volume in the upstream runoff area by 77.98% and 55.16%, respectively, even with nearly double the precipitation. The runoff coefficient in the reservoir area without soil and water conservation measures was 4.0 times that in the conservation area. These results contribute to the re-evaluation of soil and water conservation hydrological effects and provide important guidance for water resource planning and water conservation policy formulation in the LRB.
Mathematical modelling and optimizing design of heliostat field
Authors: Cheng Zijie , Zheng Ang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe heliostat field is a form of solar thermal power plant, The heliostat field is a crucial component of solar thermal power plants and establishing a heliostat field is of great significance for reducing carbon emissions. and is of great significance in reducing carbon emissions This paper focuses on the mathematical modeling and optimization design problem of the heliostat field. For three different design scenarios, firstly, based on the data provided by the China Undergraduate Mathematical Contest in Modeling 2023, a geometric optical efficiency model is proposed to determine the annual average optical efficiency and output thermal power under specific heliostat field design parameters. Secondly, aiming at the optimal design parameters of the solar furnace field under the condition of rated annual average output thermal power is 60 $$\text{MW}$$
MW
, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) combing with efficiency model is utilized to determine the optimal design parameters of the heliostat field. Finally, this paper uses Quasi-Monte Carlo ray tracing (QMCRT) model to perform simulations, exploring how to obtain the optimal design parameters of the heliostat field with the goals of maximizing the output thermal power and ensuring high efficiency. Furthermore, the influence of normal disturbances on the annual average annual average thermal output power is investigated.
Africa and the Possibility of Philosophy: Paulin Hountondji’s Intellectual Legacy
Authors: Flikschuh Katrin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this brief memoriam, I argue that Hountondji’s methodological concern over the possibility of African philosophy led him to query the very idea of philosophy as the search for universal knowledge. Hountondji’s lasting legacy thus consists, among other things, in challenging the image of Western philosophy as the repository of universal knowledge. To the contrary, philosophy will come into its own only through the critical construction of culturally and politically unrestricted discourse from different philosophical traditions.
The Political Determinants of Public Support for Obstruction of Supreme Court Nominees
Authors: Stone Andrew R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDespite increased political attention to instances of legislative obstruction in recent years, little is known about the public’s attitudes toward these procedural techniques. I evaluate these attitudes in the context of the last two decades of nominations to the U.S. Supreme Court with three complementary analyses. In the first, nationally representative survey evidence reveals an overriding political dimension to Americans’ attitudes over the use of tactics to delay the confirmation process. The president’s copartisans express considerably higher levels of opposition to delayed consideration of a nominee than individuals politically opposed to the president. In the second and third, evidence from observational surveys and a survey experiment shows that these attitudes vary depending on the type of the obstruction under consideration, with Americans less supportive of the use of forms of obstruction that entirely preclude procedural consideration of a nominee, such as refusing to hold hearings, than more established methods that do not, like the filibuster or document requests. These findings reveal that the American public has internalized the political stakes of judicial nominations and suggest that obstruction may have electoral consequences in an era of extreme polarization.
DAS to discharge: using distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) to infer glacier runoff
Authors: Manos John-Morgan , Gräff Dominik , Martin Eileen Rose , Paitz Patrick , Walter Fabian , Fichtner Andreas , Lipovsky Bradley Paul 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Observations of glacier melt and runoff are of fundamental interest in the study of glaciers and their interactions with their environment. Considerable recent interest has developed around distributed acoustic sensing (DAS), a sensing technique which utilizes Rayleigh backscatter in fiber optic cables to measure the seismo-acoustic wavefield in high spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we present data from a month-long, 9 km DAS deployment extending through the ablation and accumulation zones on Rhonegletscher, Switzerland, during the 2020 melt season. While testing several types of machine learning (ML) models, we establish a regression problem, using the DAS data as the dependent variable, to infer the glacier discharge observed at a proglacial stream gauge. We also compare two predictive models that only depend on meteorological station data. We find that the seismo-acoustic wavefield recorded by DAS can be utilized to infer proglacial discharge. Models using DAS data outperform the two models trained on meteorological data with mean absolute errors of 0.64, 2.25 and 2.72 m3 s−1, respectively. This study demonstrates the ability of in situ glacier DAS to be used for quantifying proglacial discharge and points the way to a new approach to measuring glacier runoff.
Limit theorems of occupation times of normalized binary contact path processes on lattices
Authors: Xue Xiaofeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe binary contact path process (BCPP) introduced in Griffeath (1983) describes the spread of an epidemic on a graph and is an auxiliary model in the study of improving upper bounds of the critical value of the contact process. In this paper, we are concerned with limit theorems of the occupation time of a normalized version of the BCPP (NBCPP) on a lattice. We first show that the law of large numbers of the occupation time process is driven by the identity function when the dimension of the lattice is at least 3 and the infection rate of the model is sufficiently large conditioned on the initial state of the NBCPP being distributed with a particular invariant distribution. Then we show that the centered occupation time process of the NBCPP converges in finite-dimensional distributions to a Brownian motion when the dimension of the lattice and the infection rate of the model are sufficiently large and the initial state of the NBCPP is distributed with the aforementioned invariant distribution.
SCHRÖDINGER PROPAGATOR ON WIENER AMALGAM SPACES IN THE FULL RANGE
Authors: ZHAO GUOPING , GUO WEICHAO 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUsing the technique of Gabor analysis, we characterize the boundedness of
$e^{i\Delta }: W^{p_1,q_1}_m\rightarrow W^{p_2,q_2}$
with modulation and translation operators, where and m is a v-moderate weight. The sharp exponents for the boundedness are also characterized in the case of power weight.