bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Common Mineralocorticoid Receptor Polymorphism (I180V) Interacts with Life Events in Relation to Perfectionism in Eating Disorders: A Pilot Study
Authors: Slof‐Op't Landt Margarita C. T. , DeRijk Roel H. , van Son Gabrielle E. , Suchiman H. Eka D. , Meulenbelt Ingrid , Slagboom P. Eline , Van Furth Eric F. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe stress response is regulated by the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). When the balance between GR and MR signalling is disturbed, one's capacity to cope with a stressful event is diminished. In this pilot study, we tested the hypothesis that an interaction between common variants in the MR (rs5522) or GR gene (rs41423247) and stressful life events influences perfectionism levels in a group of patients with an eating disorder (ED; n = 113). Patients carrying the minor G allele of rs5522 had a higher perfectionism score if more stressful life events were experienced [β = 0.95, t(109) = 3.75, p < 0.01]. This effect was not found for patients carrying the AA genotype. These results suggest that rs5522 G allele carriers might be vulnerable to stressful life events. When patients with an ED are carriers and experience multiple life events, this might fuel their insecurity, which in turn may engender higher levels of perfectionism. Further studies are necessary to replicate and expand our findings. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Water Free Operated Phosphoric Acid Doped Radiation‐Grafted Proton Conducting Membranes for High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Sanlı L. I. , Tas S. , Yürüm Y. , Gürsel S. A. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe present study uses the radiation‐induced grafting method and applies it onto poly(ethylene‐alt‐tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE) for the synthesis of proton‐exchange membranes by using monomers 4‐vinyl pyridine (4VP), 2‐vinyl pyridine (2VP), N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NVP) followed by phosphoric acid doping. Phosphoric acid that provides Grotthuss mechanism in proton mobilization is used to transform the graft copolymers to a high temperature membrane state. Resultant proton‐exchange membranes are verified with their proton conductivity, water uptake, mechanical and thermal properties, and phosphorous distribution as ex situ characterization. Our most important finding as a novelty in literature is that ETFE‐g‐P4VP phosphoric acid doped proton‐exchange membranes exhibit proton conductivities as 66 mS cm–1 at 130 °C, 53 mS cm–1 at 120 °C, 45 mS cm–1 at 80 °C at RH 100% and 55 mS cm–1 at 130 °C, 40 mS cm–1 at 120 °C, 35 mS cm–1 at 80 °C at dry conditions. Moreover, ETFE‐g‐P4VP membranes still conserves the mechanical properties, i.e., tensile strength up to 48 MPa. ETFE‐g‐P4VP membranes were tested in PEMFC at 80, 100, and 120 °C and RH <2% and exhibit promising performance as an alternative to commercial Nafion® membranes. The single cell testing performance of ETFE‐g‐P4VP membranes is presented for the first time in literature in our study.
A Theoretical Study of Molecular Oxygen Chemisorption on N, B, or O Doped Carbon Edge Sites
Authors: Flyagina I. S. , Hughes K. J. , Pourkashanian M. , Ingham D. B. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractMolecular oxygen chemisorption on the edge sites of nitrogen, boron, or oxygen doped and non‐doped carbon has been studied by means of density functional theory in order to obtain a better insight into the first step of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells. The calculated chemisorption energies enabled us to evaluate thermodynamic favorability of the chemisorption products, and the activation energies revealed the most probable pathways of molecular oxygen chemisorption. It has been found that oxygen doped carbon edge sites can oxidize easily with disruption of the heterocyclic ring. Boron doped carbon edge sites can form stable B–O–C species and thus cause changes in the chemical structure of a boron doped carbon based catalyst. Molecular oxygen binding on carbon edge sites doped with graphitic nitrogen has been found to be improved compared to non‐doped, boron and pyridinic nitrogen doped carbon edge sites. Carbon edges doped with pyridinic nitrogen can serve as the sites for molecular oxygen chemisorption only in the presence of valence unsaturated carbon atoms. In general, the ORR both on non‐doped and heteroatom doped carbon edges initiates on the adjacent edge carbon atoms and is enhanced by the presence of graphitic nitrogen.
Mediatorless Carbohydrate/Oxygen Biofuel Cells with Improved Cellobiose Dehydrogenase Based Bioanode
Authors: Krikstolaityte V. , Lamberg P. , Toscano M. D. , Silow M. , Eicher‐Lorka O. , Ramanavicius A. , Niaura G. , Abariute L. , Ruzgas T. , Shleev S. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractDirect electron transfer (DET) between cellobiose dehydrogenase from Humicola insolens ascomycete (HiCDH) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was achieved by modifying AuNPs with a novel, positively charged thiol N‐(6‐mercapto)hexylpyridinium (MHP). The DET enabled the use of the HiCDH enzyme as an anodic biocatalyst in the design of a mediatorless carbohydrate/oxygen enzymatic fuel cell (EFC). A biocathode of the EFC was based on bilirubin oxidase from Myrothecium verrucaria (MvBOx) directly immobilised on the surface of AuNPs. The following parameters of the EFC based on Au/AuNP/MHP/HiCDH bioanode and Au/AuNP/MvBOx biocathode were obtained in quiescent air saturated PBS, pH 7.4, containing: (i) 5 mM glucose‐open‐circuit voltage (OCV) of 0.65 ± 0.011 V and the maximal power density of 4.77 ± 1.34 μW cm−2 at operating voltage of 0.50 V; or (ii) 10 mM lactose‐OCV of 0.67 ± 0.006 V and the maximal power density of 8.64 ± 1.91 μW cm−2 at operating voltage of 0.50 V. The half‐life operation times of the EFC were estimated to be at least 13 and 44 h in air saturated PBS containing 5 mM glucose and 10 mM lactose, respectively. Among advantages of HiCDH/MvBOx FCs are (i) simplified construction, (ii) relatively high power output with glucose as biofuel, and (iii) the absence of the inhibition of the HiCDH based bioanode by lactose, when compared with the best previously reported CDH based bioanode.
Start‐Up Characteristics of Segmented‐In‐Series Tubular SOFC Power Modules Improved by Catalytic Combustion at Cathodes
Authors: Kobayashi Y. , Kosaka K. , Tomida K. , Matake N. , Ito K. , Sasaki K. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractFor large‐scale SOFC power generation systems, a shorter start‐up time of SOFC cell stacks with relatively large heat capacity is one of the most important technological issues to determine the flexibility in SOFC system operation. In this study, start‐up procedures have been examined to shorten the start‐up time period. The conventional heating procedure using pre‐heated hot air and self‐heating by SOFC operation at low temperatures had a difficulty to shorten the start‐up time period because of the limitation in power generation at lower temperatures. In this study, as an alternative start‐up procedure, catalytic combustion at the SOFC cathodes is, for the first time, demonstrated to be useful on the system level. The applicability of the catalytic combustion to shorten the start‐up time period has been verified numerically as well as experimentally by using a large‐scale cell stack cartridge. This unique start‐up procedure enables to operate SOFC‐based large‐scale power generation systems.
Microbial Power‐Generating Capabilities on Micro‐/Nano‐Structured Anodes in Micro‐Sized Microbial Fuel Cells
Authors: Fraiwan A. , Adusumilli S. P. , Han D. , Steckl A. J. , Call D. F. , Westgate C. R. , Choi S. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractMicrobial fuel cells (MFCs) are an alternative electricity generating technology and efficient method for removing organic material from wastewater. Their low power densities, however, hinder practical applications. A primary limitation in these systems is the anode. The chemical makeup and surface area of the anode influences bacterial respiration rates and in turn, electricity generation. Some of the highest power densities have been reported using large surface area anodes, but due to variable chemical/physical factors (e.g., solution chemistry, architecture) among these studies, meaningful comparisons are difficult to make. In this work, we compare under identical conditions six micro/nano‐structured anodes in micro‐sized MFCs (47 μL). The six materials investigated include carbon nanotube (CNT), carbon nanofiber (CNF), gold/poly (ϵ‐caprolactone) microfiber (GPM), gold/poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) nanofiber (GPN), planar gold (PG), and conventional carbon paper (CP). The MFCs using three dimensional anode structures (CNT, CNF, GPM, and GPN) exhibited lower internal resistances than the macroscopic CP and two‐dimensional PG anodes. However, those novel anode materials suffered from major issues such as high activation loss and instability for long‐term operation, causing an enduring problem in creating widespread commercial MFC applications. The reported work provides an in‐depth understanding of the interplay between micro‐/nano‐structured anodes and active microbial biofilm, suggesting future directions of those novel anode materials for MFC technologies.
Sulfonated Polyethersulfone (SPES) – Charged Surface Modifying Macromolecules (cSMMs) Blends as a Cation Selective Membrane for Fuel Cells
Authors: Muthumeenal A. , Neelakandan S. , Rana D. , Matsuura T. , Kanagaraj P. , Nagendran A. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractPolyethersulfone (PES) was sulfonated by chlorosulfonic acid and concentrated sulfuric acid. The pure sulfonated PES (SPES) and modified SPES membranes were prepared by blending with different charged surface modifying macromolecules (cSMMs) namely, SPES/DEG‐HBS, SPES/PEG‐HBS, and SPES/PPG‐HBS. Membranes were characterized for their morphology, physical properties, and electrochemical properties in order to evaluate these membranes as cation exchange membranes. The blended membranes showed an increase in hydrophilicity, water uptake, and proton conductivity compared to the pure SPES membranes. The highest values of water uptake and proton conductivity were obtained for the SPES/PPG‐HBS blended membrane. Morphological studies revealed that the nodule size and surface roughness also influenced the water uptake, apart from the additional –SO3H group. Among the modified membranes, the SPES/DEG‐HBS blended membrane exhibited a lower methanol permeability value of 8.895 × 10−8 cm2 s−1 than the corresponding SPES membrane. The other two cSMM blended membranes showed higher methanol permeability values than SPES but still a smaller value than Nafion 117. The highest selectivity ratio (i.e., ratio of proton conductivity to methanol permeability) was obtained with the SPES/DEG‐HBS cSMM blended membrane. These results showed that the SPES/cSMM blended membranes have promise for possible use as a cation exchange membrane in fuel cells and electrolyzer applications.
Psychometric properties of 3 patient‐reported outcome measures for the assessment of shoulder disability after neck dissection
Authors: Stuiver Martijn M. , Tusscher Marieke R. ten , van Opzeeland Anita , Brendeke Wim , Lindeboom Robert , Dijkstra Pieter U. , Aaronson Neil K. 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTBackgroundPatient‐reported outcome measures evaluating shoulder disability after neck dissection have not been sufficiently validated. We assessed the psychometric properties of the Shoulder Disability Questionnaire (SDQ), Neck Dissection Impairment Index (NDII), and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) in patients after neck dissection.MethodsOne hundred seven patients completed the SDQ, NDII, and SPADI on 4 occasions over 6 months, and underwent physical examination. We assessed internal consistency, test–retest reliability, clinical and construct validity, and responsiveness to change. The possibility of combining the NDII and SPADI items into a single scale was explored by Rasch analysis.ResultsAll questionnaires exhibited good reliability and validity. We were successful in fitting a Rasch model to the data.ConclusionThe results support the suitability of the SDQ, NDII, and the SPADI for use in neck dissection patients. Combining the SPADI and NDII in a single Rasch scale improves item difficulty distribution but reduces variability and discriminative ability. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 102–110, 2016
Prognostic value of level IV metastases from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Hoch Stephan , Katabi Nour , Daniel Hanna , Franke Nora , Wiegand Susanne , Zimmerman Annette P. , Mandapathil Magis , Ferlito Alfio , Teymoortash Afshin 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of level IV metastases in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).MethodsThe clinical and histopathological data of 111 patients with HNSCC with pN+ neck who underwent a primary tumor resection with unilateral or bilateral neck dissection were analyzed.ResultsLevel IV metastases were histopathologically proven in 33 patients (29.7%). Pulmonary metastases were observed in 12 of 33 patients (36.4%) with level IV metastases, and in 13 of 78 patients (16.7%) without level IV metastases (p = .04). Multivariate analyzes revealed a significant association between level IV metastases and pulmonary metastases (p = .038). However, an influence on overall (p = .65) or disease‐free survival (p = .66) was not observed.ConclusionLevel IV metastases seem to be a predictive factor for pulmonary metastases but not for overall and disease‐free survival in patients with HNSCC. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 140–146, 2016
QM/MM through the 1990s: The First Twenty Years of Method Development and Applications
Authors: Liu Meiyi , Wang Yingjie , Chen Yakun , Field Martin J. , Gao Jiali 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe 2013 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to the authors of the first two publications utilizing the concept of combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical (QM/MM) methods. In celebrating this great event in computational chemistry, we review the early development of combined QM/MM techniques and the associated events that took place through the mid‐1990s. We also offer some prospects for the future development of quantum mechanical techniques for macromolecular systems.
Treatment Expectations, Alliance, Session Positivity, and Outcome: An Investigation of a Three‐Path Mediation Model
Authors: McClintock Andrew S. , Anderson Timothy , Petrarca Allison 
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to test a 3‐path mediation model, in which the effect of treatment expectations on outcome is mediated first by the alliance and then by session positivity.MethodArchival process and outcome data were used for this investigation. These data had been collected from 116 clients (70% female, 81% White, mean age = 24.1 years), who sought psychotherapy for a variety of reasons at a university‐based clinic.ResultsCorrelation analyses established that clients’ treatment expectations, the therapeutic alliance, session positivity, and outcome were significantly related to each other. A bootstrap (data resampling) procedure was employed to test the hypothesized 3‐path mediated effect. The results of this analysis were consistent with the hypothesis that high treatment expectations enhance the therapeutic alliance, which contributes to clients feeling positive at the end of sessions and in turn facilitates improvements in symptoms and functioning.ConclusionThe current research is the first to provide evidence for this particular model, and thus helps to shed light on the intricacies and underlying dynamics of psychotherapy.
Spanning Trees with Vertices Having Large Degrees
Authors: Egawa Yoshimi , Ozeki Kenta 
Published: September 2014

AbstractLet G be a connected simple graph, and let f be a mapping from to the set of integers. This paper is concerned with the existence of a spanning tree in which each vertex v has degree at least . We show that if for any nonempty subset , then a connected graph G has a spanning tree such that for all , where is the set of neighbors v of vertices in S with , , and is the degree of x in T. This is an improvement of several results, and the condition is best possible.
Branchial placenta in the viviparous teleost Ilyodon whitei (Goodeidae)
Authors: Uribe Mari Carmen , De la Rosa‐Cruz Gabino , García‐Alarcón Adriana 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTIntraluminal gestation, as it occurs in viviparous goodeids, allows a wide diversity of embryo‐maternal metabolic exchanges. The branchial placenta occurs in embryos developing in intraluminal gestation when ovarian folds enter through the operculum, into the branchial chamber. The maternal ovarian folds may extend to the embryonic pharyngeal cavity. A branchial placenta has been observed in few viviparous teleosts, and there are not previous histological analyses. This study analysis the histological structure in the goodeid Ilyodon whitei. The moterno ovarian folds extend through the embryonic operculum and reach near the gills, occupying part of the branchial chamber. These folds extend also into the pharyngeal cavity. In some regions, the epithelia of the ovarian folds and embryo were in apposition, developing a placental structure in which, maternal and embryonic capillaries lie in close proximity. The maternal epithelium has desquamated cells which may enter through the branchial chamber to the pharyngeal cavity and the alimentary tract. The complex processes that occur in the ovaries of viviparous teleosts, and its diverse adaptations for viviparity, as the presence of branchial placenta, are relevant in the study of the evolution of vertebrate viviparity. J. Morphol. 275:1406–1417, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Firmness prediction in Prunus persica ‘Calrico’ peaches by visible/short‐wave near infrared spectroscopy and acoustic measurements using optimised linear and non‐linear chemometric models
Authors: Lafuente Victoria , Herrera Luis J , Pérez María del Mar , Val Jesús , Negueruela Ignacio 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn this work, near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and an acoustic measure (AWETA) (two non‐destructive methods) were applied in Prunus persica fruit ‘Calrico’ (n = 260) to predict Magness–Taylor (MT) firmness.METHODSSeparate and combined use of these measures was evaluated and compared using partial least squares (PLS) and least squares support vector machine (LS‐SVM) regression methods. Also, a mutual‐information‐based variable selection method, seeking to find the most significant variables to produce optimal accuracy of the regression models, was applied to a joint set of variables (NIR wavelengths and AWETA measure).RESULTSThe newly proposed combined NIR‐AWETA model gave good values of the determination coefficient (R2) for PLS and LS‐SVM methods (0.77 and 0.78, respectively), improving the reliability of MT firmness prediction in comparison with separate NIR and AWETA predictions. The three variables selected by the variable selection method (AWETA measure plus NIR wavelengths 675 and 697 nm) achieved R2 values 0.76 and 0.77, PLS and LS‐SVM.CONCLUSIONThese results indicated that the proposed mutual‐information‐based variable selection algorithm was a powerful tool for the selection of the most relevant variables. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Analysis of wheel and rail adhesion under wet condition by using elastic–plastic microcontact model
Authors: Wu Bing , Wen Zefeng , Wang Hengyu , Jin Xuesong 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThis paper presents a numerical model to investigate the adhesion characteristics of the wheel/rail contact with consideration of surface roughness under wet conditions. The elastohydrodynamic lubrication theory is used to obtain the load carried by water, and the statistical elastic–plastic microcontact model presented by Zhao–Maietta–Chang is applied to calculate the load carried by asperities contact. Meanwhile, the thermal influencing reduction factor is used to consider the inlet heating effects on the film thickness, and the change of water viscosity is also taken into consideration due to the flash temperature generated by the moving rough surfaces. Furthermore, the present work investigates the dependence of the wheel/rail adhesion coefficient on train speed, surface roughness amplitude, the initial temperature, the plasticity index and the maximum contact pressure under wet condition. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Critical Investigation on the Occurrence of Microwave Effects in Emulsion Polymerizations
Authors: Hayden Stephan , Studentschnig Alexander F. H. , Schober Sigurd , Kappe C. Oliver 
Published: September 2014

The existence of special microwave effects in the emulsion polymerization of styrene and methyl methacrylate with two different initiators is investigated. All the experiments are conducted in either Pyrex or silicon carbide reaction vessels employing a dedicated single‐mode microwave reactor and are monitored with a dual temperature‐measurement system consisting of an external infrared sensor and an internal fiber optical probe. The goal of this study is to study the influence of the electromagnetic field on both the decomposition rate of the radical initiators and on the emulsion polymerization itself. For both types of transformation, no direct influence of the electromagnetic field can be observed, therefore ruling out the occurrence of any type of specific or nonthermal microwave effects in these reactions.
image
Supramolecular Antioxidant Assemblies of Hyperbranched Polyglycerols and Phenols
Authors: Pocoví‐Martínez Salvador , Kemmer‐Jonas Ulrike , Pérez‐Prieto Julia , Frey Holger , Stiriba Salah‐Eddine 
Published: September 2014

Supramolecular antioxidant complexes are prepared by the non‐covalent assembly of succinic acid‐modified hyperbranched polyglycerols (PGSAs) and tyramine antioxidant compounds. Using this approach, various supramolecular dendritic poly­mers based on carboxylic acid‐modified hyperbranched polyglycerol with different molecular weights and different numbers of antioxidant phenols are prepared and characterized by FTIR and NMR spectroscopy as well as via dynamic light scattering (DLS). The local phenolic concentration in this supramolecular architecture plays a key role for their enhanced antioxidant capacity, as shown by oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay (ORAC).
image
A Polyurethane‐Based Positive Photoresist
Authors: García‐Fernández Luis , Specht Alexandre , del Campo Aránzazu 
Published: September 2014

Polyurethane (PU) monomer mixtures containing commercially available o‐nitrobenzyl‐based photocleavable monomers have been formulated and tested as low‐cost positive tone photoresists. The photolysis reaction is studied by UV spectroscopy. Well‐defined micropatterns on 2 μm thick photodegradable PU films are obtained using 365 nm light exposure. This strategy is also extended to improved formulations based on synthesized o‐nitrobiphenylpropyl derivatives with enhanced photochemical properties for single photon excitation and high two‐photon absorption cross‐sections. Improved pattern resolution in 2D and the capability of 3D resolution using a scanning laser at 780 nm is demonstrated. This work demonstrates the potential of PUs as readily available, versatile, and easy‐to‐use photoresist materials for low‐cost lithography applications.
image