bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The TESS-Keck Survey. XXII. A Sub-Neptune Orbiting TOI-1437
Authors: Pidhorodetska Daria , Gilbert Emily A. , Kane Stephen R. , Barclay Thomas , Polanski Alex S. , Hill Michelle L. , Stassun Keivan G. , Giacalone Steven , Ciardi David R. , Boyle Andrew W. , Howell Steve B. , Lillo-Box Jorge , MacDougall Mason G. , Fetherolf Tara , Batalha Natalie M. , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Dressing Courtney , Fulton Benjamin , Howard Andrew W. , Huber Daniel , Isaacson Howard , Petigura Erik A. , Robertson Paul , Weiss Lauren M. , Angelo Isabel , Beard Corey , Behmard Aida , Blunt Sarah , Brinkman Casey L. , Chontos Ashley , Dai Fei , Dalba Paul A. , Holcomb Rae , Lubin Jack , Mayo Andrew W. , Murphy Joseph M. Akana , Rice Malena , Rubenzahl Ryan , Scarsdale Nicholas , Turtelboom Emma V. , Tyler Dakotah , Van Zandt Judah , Schwieterman Edward W. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Exoplanet discoveries have revealed a dramatic diversity of planet sizes across a vast array of orbital architectures. Sub-Neptunes are of particular interest; due to their absence in our own solar system, we rely on demographics of exoplanets to better understand their bulk composition and formation scenarios. Here, we present the discovery and characterization of TOI-1437 b, a sub-Neptune with a 18.84 day orbit around a near-solar analog (M
⋆ = 1.10 ± 0.10 M
☉, R
⋆=1.17 ± 0.12 R
☉). The planet was detected using photometric data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission and radial velocity (RV) follow-up observations were carried out as a part of the TESS-Keck Survey using both the HIRES instrument at Keck Observatory and the Levy Spectrograph on the Automated Planet Finder telescope. A combined analysis of these data reveal a planet radius of R

p
= 2.24 ± 0.23 R
⊕ and a mass measurement of M

p
= 9.6 ± 3.9 M
⊕). TOI-1437 b is one of few (∼50) known transiting sub-Neptunes orbiting a solar-mass star that has a RV mass measurement. As the formation pathway of these worlds remains an unanswered question, the precise mass characterization of TOI-1437 b may provide further insight into this class of planet.
Delayed Emission from Luminous Blue Optical Transients in Black Hole Binary Systems
Authors: Lazzati Davide , Perna Rosalba , Ryu Taeho , Breivik Katelyn 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
At least three members of the recently identified class of fast luminous blue optical transients show evidence of late-time electromagnetic activity in great excess of what was predicted by an extrapolation of the early time emission. In particular, AT2022tsd displays fast, bright optical fluctuations approximately a month after the initial detection. Here we propose that these transients are produced by exploding stars in black hole binary systems and that the late-time activity is due to the accretion of clumpy ejecta onto the companion black hole. We derive the energetics and timescales involved, compute the emission spectrum, and discuss whether the ensuing emission is diffused or not in the remnant. We find that this model can explain the observed range of behaviors for reasonable ranges of the orbital separation and the ejecta velocity and clumpiness. Close separation and clumpy, high-velocity ejecta result in bright variable emission, as seen in AT2022tsd. A wider separation and smaller ejecta velocity, conversely, give rise to fairly constant emission at a lower luminosity. We suggest that high-cadence, simultaneous, panchromatic monitoring of future transients should be carried out to better understand the origin of the late emission and the role of binarity in the diversity of explosive stellar transients.
Risk Factors for Depression in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Jiajun , Jin Hongfu , Yon Dong Keon , Soysal Pinar , Koyanagi Ai , Smith Lee , Shin Jae Il , Li Yu-sheng , Rahmati Masoud , Zhang Jun 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a widespread chronic condition. Depression frequently occurs among patients with KOA. The objective of this meta-analysis was to identify risk factors associated with comorbid depression in patients with KOA.

Materials and Methods:
A comprehensive search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases was conducted for studies related to comorbid depression in patients with KOA. We conducted statistical analyses to obtain relevant results, followed by heterogeneity tests and assessment for publication bias.

Results:
The prevalence of comorbid depression among patients with KOA was 34% (95% CI, 28%–41%). Notable risk factors linked to comorbid depression in patients with KOA included female sex (relative risk [RR], 1.17; 95% CI, 1.11–1.23), obesity (mean difference [MD], 1.30; 95% CI, 0.88–1.71), use of analgesics (RR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.38–1.63), comorbidities (MD, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.10–0.31), unmarried or widowed status (RR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.56–1.91), bilateral knee pain (RR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.11–1.71), high total Western Ontario and Mc-Master Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) score (MD, 14.92; 95% CI, 10.02–19.82), high WOMAC pain score (MD, 5.76; 95% CI, 2.86–8.67), low gait velocity (MD, −0.12; 95% CI, −0.16 to −0.09), and extended duration in the Timed Up and Go Test (MD, 1.56; 95% CI, 0.87–2.25).

Conclusion:

Based on the current evidence, female sex, obesity, use of analgesics, comorbidities, unmarried or widowed status, bilateral knee pain, high total WOMAC score, high WOMAC pain score, low gait velocity, and prolonged time on the Timed Up and Go Test were identified as risk factors for depression in patients with KOA. Focus should be given to these aspects when preventing depression among these patients. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(5):e225–e232.]
Understanding the relational well-being of primary school teachers in rural South Africa
Authors: Maseko Sasabona , Chigeza Shingairai 
Published: August 2024

Background: The workplace can be a source of stress if relationships are strained, as these interactions significantly impact individual well-being. Although numerous studies address the challenges and well-being of teachers, there is a scarcity of research on the relational experiences and relationships that are essential for teachers’ well-being.Objectives: The study aimed to understand the relational experiences and relationships that contribute to the well-being of teachers in rural primary schools.Methods: Purposive sampling was employed to select 10 male and female teachers with five or more years of teaching experience from quintile 1–3 ordinary rural schools in South Africa. The data were obtained through semi-structured interviews and analysed thematically.Results: The study’s findings revealed that schools can provide conducive spaces for experiencing and forming positive interactional relationships with learners, peers and the community. In addition, teachers thrive because of important relationships that give meaning, such as nurturing interpersonal collaboration, finding purpose in life, fulfilment and valued relationships. Such relationships enable teachers to consistently strive for the best in their work performance.Conclusion: Positive interactional relationships not only enhance the well-being of teachers but also contribute to the overall success of education.Contribution: Our findings have implications for relational well-being interventions for teachers in the education sector.
Osteochondroma below the Infraorbital Rim - A Case Report
Authors: Kumar R. Mahesh , Sreelakshmi M. S. , Subramanyam Varsha , Vipulkumar Yash Vyas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Rationale:
Osteochondroma, a benign bony neoplasm that can develop in any part of the body, commonly appears in the ends of the long bones. It can also occur in the craniofacial region such as mandibular condyle and coronoid region. We describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic process, surgical management and post-operative outcomes in a 34-year-old male patient. Only few cases are reported in literature till now and often are mistaken as bony exostosis.

Patient Concerns:
The patient sought medical attention due to the cosmetic concerns.

Diagnosis:
Through clinical palpation and radiological interpretation. Provisional diagnosis of bony exostosis was made, which was later confirmed as osteochondroma on histopathological examination.

Treatment:
Surgical removal of the bony growth was performed.

Outcomes:
Follow-up was uneventful with no evidence of recurrence.

Take-away Lessons:
The report aims to raise awareness about this manifestation and to encourage further research to better understand aetiology, management and outcomes of osteochondroma in unusual locations.
Arthroscopic fixation of avulsion fractures of tibial eminence using cannulated screws
Authors: Mansour Mohammed M. , Abdeen Mohammed 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
Assessment of the short-term results of arthroscopic fixation of types II and III fractures of the tibial eminence using cannulated screws.

Type of study
This was a prospective study.

Patents and methods
A review of 16 patients with Meyers and McKeever type II or III fractures of the tibial eminence were treated with arthroscopic cannulated screw fixation at Zagazig University Hospital between May 2013 and January 2016. The International Knee Documentation Committee form, Lysholm Knee Score, and Tegner Activity scale for assessment were used for preoperative and postoperative assessments. The study group included seven men and nine women. Their average age was 25.4 years (range: 17.5–43 years). Mean follow-up time was 27 months (range: 24–32 months). The study included six type II and 10 type III fractures.

Results
At follow-up clinical examination, all the patients with types II and III lesions had a negative Lachman test result and a full range of motion, except one patient with flexion contractures (extension lag 10°). The mean Tegner score was 7 and mean Lysholm score was 96. All patients except one returned to preinjury activity levels. However, in general, the best outcomes were seen in younger patients who had significantly better scores for the International Knee Documentation Committee. In six cases, the intermeniscal ligament was interposed between the tibia and the avulsed fracture and was retracted to allow reduction of the fracture, and there were no significant differences in the outcomes of these patients.

Conclusions
Arthroscopic fixation with cannulated screws for types II and III of avulsion fractures of the tibial spine provides a satisfactory outcome. Arthroscopic treatment allows for complete inspection of the joint regarding associated injuries, fast rehabilitation, and decreased hospital stay. Moreover, fixation with cannulated screws gives firm fixation of the fragment and an early start of the range of motion.
Dual mobility cup as a treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in elderly
Authors: Elkhadrawe Tarek A. 
Published: August 2024

Background
The main goal in the treatment of femoral neck fractures in the elderly is to enable early mobilization. Hemiarthroplasty is considered the gold standard line of treatment. In the past decade, total hip replacement (THR) was introduced to the orthopedic community with the advantage of better pain relief and functional outcome. However, the reported dislocation rates after THR in femoral neck fractures remained higher than the rates after hemiarthroplasty. Nowadays, there is renewed interest in dual mobility cups to solve the problems of hip instabilities for various reasons. Dual mobility cups aim to decrease the dislocation rate by associating two articular surfaces: one with a larger diameter situated between a metallic cup and a polyethylene insert, thus utilizing the concept of a large head size to reduce dislocation, and the other one with a smaller diameter situated between the femoral head and the retentive polyethylene insert to achieve more mobility. The authors believe that the results of the dual mobility concept after femoral neck fractures are under-reported, with few papers discussing the outcome specifically in the Egyptian population.

Aim
This study was carried out to assess the dislocation rate and clinical results for cemented THR with a dual mobility cup as the treatment of femoral neck fractures in elderly patients, after a minimum period of 1 year.

Settings and design
A prospective case series study was carried out at El Hadara University Hospital, Alexandria University.

Patients and methods
This study included 31 patients (32 hips) with displaced femoral neck fractures who were admitted to El Hadara University Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt. Their mean age was 66.6±6.3 years. There were 15 females and 16 males. All the patients were treated using a cemented dual mobility cup for THR using the standard posterior approach. Functional assessment was performed using the Harris hip score (HHS) with the assistance of physiotherapists to avoid bias.

Results
No dislocations were encountered in this series over 1 year of follow-up. The mean operative time was 136.9 min. The average blood loss was 756.3 ml. The mean HHS improved over the follow-up period from 80.3±7.9 (95% confidence interval: 74–86) at 12 weeks to an average of 92.6±11.1 (95% confidence interval: 88.7–96.5) at the 1-year follow-up. This increase in HHS was not statistically significant (P=0.143).

Conclusions
Dual mobility cup THR is a good method for the treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly as it provides good stability, pain relief, and good function.
Early results of iliosacral screw(s) fixation in the treatment of Tile’s type C unstable pelvic injuries
Authors: Elkhadrawe Tarek , El Bakoury Ahmed 
Published: August 2024

Background
Pelvic ring disruptions are associated with increased patients’ morbidity and mortality. Several methods have been advocated for treatment of such devastating injuries. Surgical fixation is now regarded as the treatment of choice of unstable pelvic disruptions. Among different methods of surgical fixation, iliosacral screws (ISS) have shown promising results in the treatment of the disruption of the posterior pelvic ring.

Aim
The aim of this study was to report the clinical and radiological results of ISS for fixation of the posterior pelvic disruption in completely unstable pelvic ring injury (Tile’s C).

Settings and design
A prospective study was held at Alexandria University.

Patients and methods
This study involved a prospective assessment of 27 patients with Tile’s C pelvic disruption who had ISS fixation. The mean duration of postoperative follow up was 28.96±9.28 (12–49) months. The clinical outcome was assessed with postoperative Majeed score and the rate of the postoperative complications. The radiological outcome was evaluated by the degree of postoperative displacement on the anteroposterior plain radiographs.

Statistical analysis
SPSS version 20.0.

Results
The mean postoperative Majeed score was 79.11±13.01. There was a statistically significant improvement in the postoperative vertical displacement (P<0.001*). The incidence of the postoperative complications was 25.9%.

Conclusion
Fixation with ISS is an effective procedure in the management of completely unstable posterior pelvic ring injuries.
Marginal impaction as a determinant of functional outcome in acetabular fractures involving the posterior wall
Authors: Sadek Fouad , Abo-Elsoud Mohamed 
Published: August 2024

Background
Several variables have been accused for the poor functional results following posterior wall fractures. The authors conducted this study to identify the relative risk of marginal impaction fractures for developing a poor result.

Patients
Cases of acetabular fractures with posterior wall components associated with marginal impaction were compared with the same pattern of fractures without marginal impaction. Patients with recognized variables that may affect the outcome were excluded, including femoral head injuries, nonanatomic reductions, avascular necrosis, deep infection, heterotopic ossification grade III and IV, obesity, and problematic lower limb injuries. Marginal impaction injuries were openly elevated and autografted from the greater trochanter, followed by rigid internal fixation for early postoperative mobilization. A total of 40 cases were excluded for the aforementioned reasons, leaving 27 cases of marginal impaction and 38 cases of control. The average period of follow-up was 35.7 months.

Results
Based on the Merle D’Aubigné and Postel functional score, the marginal impaction grafting group revealed 11 (40.7%) excellent, 7 (25.9%) very good, 6 (22.2%) good, one (3.8%) fair, and two (7.4%) poor results. However, the control group showed 16 (42.1%) excellent, 10 (26.3%) very good, 8 (21.1%) good, one (2.6%) fair, and three (7.9%) poor results.

Conclusion
Taking marginal impaction as a sole variable, adequate grafting and fixation of the osteochondral fragment did not seem to make a statistically significant difference (P=0.9) regarding the end functional results of these patients.
Arthroscopic versus open ankle fusion
Authors: Salama Khaled , Rakha Mohamed 
Published: August 2024

Background
Open ankle arthrodesis has been the standard operative treatment for any case of advanced osteoarthritis ankle, but the arthroscopic technique is gained popularity.

Patients methods
This study was conducted retrospectively reviewing surgeries undertaken between January 2010 and June 2012 for ankles with osteoarthritis. The authors performed 42 ankle arthrodesis procedures on 42 patients. A total of 20 patients were included in group A (arthroscopic ankle fusion), and the other 22 patients were in group B (open anterior ankle fusion). Patients of each group were assessed using preoperative Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale (AOS) score; both the pain and disability components were used to calculate the total score.

Results
In group A, all the cases were united, with the average time for union being 12.8±1.19 weeks. Of 20 ankles, 65% showed signs of clinical and radiological union by 12 weeks. The early results showed major decrease in AOS from 116±8.6 preoperatively to 19.4±2.3 postoperatively. This shows that the arthroscopic fusion was able to decrease the score by an average of 97.7±10.2 points. Long-term follow-up was 71.8±8.6 months and showed that the early postoperative results did not change significantly: 55% of patients still had excellent outcome, and four patients (20%) develop subtalar osteoarthritis. In group B, 21 cases (>95%) were united, with an average time to union of 13.3±5.6 weeks. The early results showed major decrease in AOS from 114±7.24 preoperatively to 26.68±6.95 postoperatively. This shows that the open anterior fusion was able to decrease the score by an average of 88.2±7.2 points. Long-term follow up was 83.5±12 months and showed that the early postoperative results changed significantly, where nine patients (40.9%) still had excellent outcome, and nine patients (40.9%) developed subtalar osteoarthritis and four of them needed further subtalar fusion.

Conclusion
This was a comparative study that involved two groups with two techniques of ankle fusion, showing early and late results. There was no significant difference between both the groups regarding early results, but long-term follow-up clarifies the advantages of arthroscopic fusion technique.
Should all superficial peripheral triangular fibrocartilage complex tears be arthroscopically repaired?
Authors: Mahmoud Mostafa , Afifi Ahmed 
Published: August 2024

Background
Superficial peripheral triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) tears are commonly encountered during diagnostic wrist arthroscopy done for other causes of wrist pain. The authors hypothesized that debridement of these tears in symptomatic post-traumatic superficial tears may be a sufficient alternative to arthroscopic repair.

Patients and methods
The authors conducted a prospective study including 29 patients with superficial peripheral TFCC tears (with no distal radioulnar joint instability) treated arthroscopically between 2011 and 2014. There were 26 males (89.7%) and three females (10.3%), with a mean age of 32.90 years (range: 21–59 years). The dominant hand was affected in 19 patients (65.5%) and the nondominant in 10 patients (34.5%). Patients were divided into two groups. The first group included 14 patients to whom arthroscopic shaving and debridement (debridement group) were done. The second group included 15 patients for whom arthroscopic repair (repair group) was done using the outside-in technique. Patients were evaluated with the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, the quick score disability arm shoulder hand (DASH) score, and Mayo modified wrist score.

Results
There were no statistically significant differences in pain, disability, and functional scoring between both groups in the short-term follow-up. In the first group, the mean follow-up period was 21.87 months. The mean VAS improved from 3.53 to 1.07, the mean quick DASH score improved from 36.33 to 21.60, and the mean Mayo modified wrist score improved from 71.33 to 85.33. In the second group, the mean follow-up period was 19.71 months. The mean VAS improved from 3.86 to 1, the mean quick DASH score improved from 34.43 to 19.79, and the mean Mayo modified wrist score improved from 77.14 to 90.

Conclusion
Arthroscopic debridement gives comparable short-term results to repair in symptomatic superficial tear of the TFCC presenting with pain and no instability. Debridement group showed less complication and reoperation rate.
Open-fracture dislocation of the talus
Authors: Abed El-Negery A. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
The aim was to evaluate the incidence of infection and functional outcome of these injuries.

Patients and methods
A total of 14 patients with open-talar fracture dislocations or total dislocations of the talus were managed and the functional results evaluated between November 2012 and December 2016. Eleven of these patients were males and three were females. The injuries were sustained between the 20- and 50-year age group . The right side was affected in 10 and the left side was injured in four patients. Road traffic accident was the cause in nine patients and fall from the height was the cause in five patients. The principles of management were debridement and minimal fixation of fractures.

Results
The mean follow-up period was 33 months (range: 16–50 months). Two of 14 cases (14.2%) developed infection. One patient had resolved clinically with antibiotics alone. One patient had persistent drainage 4 months after injury and required late ankle and subtalar arthrodesis. The functional outcome according to Boston Children’s Hospital ankle grading system was excellent in six (42.85%), good in five (35.71%), fair in two (14.28%), and failure in one (7.14%). There was no evidence of osteonecrosis or collapse of the talar dome.

Conclusion
In conclusion, patients with major open-fracture dislocation of the talus have a significant incidence of the best results with modern orthopedic techniques that dramatically decreased the rates of infection, avascular necrosis (AVN), and poor functional results although continued work is required to improve patient care and outcomes. Open-talar fractures should be managed as emergently including administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics, irrigation of the wound, operative debridement, reduction, and minimal fixation.