bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Une mise en scène du rapport à la nation en Cacanie
Authors: Poitras Dave 
Published: October 2014

Je me penche dans cette article sur le rapport à la nation mis en scène par Robert Musil dans L’homme sans qualités, tel qu’il aurait pu être vécu à la veille de la Grande Guerre en Autriche-Hongrie : un empire déclinant, à cheval entre la nouvelle Europe des États-nations et l’ancienne Europe des empires. En me penchant sur cet aspect du roman, je tente de comprendre les relations divergentes qu’entretiennent deux des personnages envers la nation. L’exercice me permet de mettre de l’avant un portrait romancé du vécu d’individus témoins des transformations politico-administratives européennes au début du 20e siècle. Dans le confort d’un salon, loin des champs de bataille et des assemblées seigneuriales ou législatives, se jouent en toute banalité les derniers instants de vie d’un Empire, dont les principaux acteurs préfère se cantonner à un système impérialiste désuet et impopulaire, plutôt que d’écouter l’appel à l’État-nation du peuple, tel qu’il prévaut ailleurs en Europe.
La sociologie, mise en abîme
Authors: Thériault Barbara 
Published: October 2014

À partir d’un exemple tiré de l’oeuvre du romancier contemporain Milan Kundera, je tente dans ce bref essai de délinéer une qualité de la sociologie et du travail de sociologue. Si je choisis ce romancier, c’est en raison d’une expérimentation à laquelle il se livre : il met en scène un personnage que j’affectionne particulièrement, Monsieur Engelbert. Cet « ego expérimental » m’accompagne dans mon enseignement et c’est avec lui que je pense les contours d’une perspective sociologique. Je suis également attentive à son contexte, le premier quart du 20e siècle en Europe centrale, et réfléchis à la forme que Kundera lui fait emprunter : l’autobiographie.
The Effect of Biofeedback as a Psychological Intervention in Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Mackay Alison M. , Buckingham Robert , Schwartz Raymond S. , Hodgkinson Suzanne , Beran Roy G. , Cordato Dennis J. 
Published: October 2014

Background: Relaxation, mindfulness, social support, and education (RMSSE) have been shown to improve emotional symptoms, coping, and fatigue in multiple sclerosis (MS). Biofeedback was trialed as a psychological intervention, designed to improve self-control, in two groups of patients with MS. Both groups received RMSSE, and one group additionally received biofeedback.Methods: Forty people with relapsing-remitting MS were recruited from three sites in Sydney, Australia. The mean disability score (Expanded Disability Status Scale; EDSS) was 2.41 ± 1.46 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46–3.36); the mean age in years was 45.9 ± 12.42 (95% CI, 41.92–49.87). Participants were randomly assigned to two active treatment groups (n = 20 per group). All participants received one 1-hour session per week for 3 weeks of RMSSE, while biofeedback equipment measured breathing rate and muscle tension. Members of one group used biofeedback screens to regulate physiological response.Results: Whole-group pre- and post-treatment scores demonstrated a reduction of 38% for anxiety and 39% for depression scores (P = .007 and P = .009, respectively). A post-treatment comparison failed to demonstrate any significant difference between the two active treatment groups in anxiety and depression scores. The biofeedback group showed significant pre- to post-treatment improvement or trends toward improvement in anxiety, fatigue, and stress (P = .05, .02, and .03, respectively). Comparison of pre-post treatment results between groups showed improvements for the biofeedback group in breathing rate and muscle tension (P = .06 and .09).Conclusions: For relapsing-remitting MS patients receiving biofeedback in addition to RMSSE, there was a demonstrable reduction in anxiety, fatigue, and stress. There was also a trend toward significant reduction of breathing rate and muscle tension in favor of biofeedback.
Evaluation of Dalfampridine Extended Release 5 and 10 mg in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Yapundich Robert , Applebee Angela , Bethoux Francois , Goldman Myla D. , Hutton George J. , Mass Michele , Pardo Gabriel , Klingler Michael , Henney Herbert R. , Blight Andrew R. , Carrazana Enrique J. 
Published: October 2014

Background: Dalfampridine extended-release (ER) tablets, 10 mg twice daily, have been shown to improve walking in people with multiple sclerosis. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of dalfampridine-ER 5 mg compared with 10 mg.
Methods: Patients were randomized to double-blind treatment with twice-daily dalfampridine-ER tablets, 5 mg (n = 144) or 10 mg (n = 143), or placebo (n = 143) for 4 weeks. Primary efficacy endpoint was change from baseline walking speed by the Timed 25-Foot Walk 3 to 4 hours after the last dose. At 40% of sites, 2-week change from baseline walking distance was measured by the 6-Minute Walk test.
Results: At 4 weeks, walking speed changes from baseline were 0.363, 0.423, and 0.478 ft/s (placebo, dalfampridine-ER 5 mg, and dalfampridine-ER 10 mg, respectively [P = NS]). Post hoc analysis of average changes between pretreatment and on-treatment showed that relative to placebo, only dalfampridine-ER 10 mg demonstrated a significant increase in walking speed (mean ± SE): 0.443 ± 0.042 ft/s versus 0.303 ± 0.038 ft/s (P = .014). Improvement in 6-Minute Walk distance was significantly greater with dalfampridine-ER 10 mg (128.6 ft, P = .014) but not with 5 mg (76.8 ft, P = .308) relative to placebo (41.7 ft). Adverse events were consistent with previous studies. No seizures were reported.
Conclusions: Dalfampridine-ER 5 and 10 mg twice daily did not demonstrate efficacy on the planned endpoint. Post hoc analyses demonstrated significant increases in walking speed relative to placebo with dalfampridine-ER 10 mg. No new safety signals were observed.
Artifacts in variations of ocean heat content induced by the observation system changes
Authors: Cheng Lijing , Zhu Jiang 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe heat content of the upper ocean is a key climate indicator, contributing to a substantial portion of the global sea level rise. Recent ocean heat content (OHC) calculations have shown a dramatic shift during the period 2001–2003, which is nearly coincident with a major transition in the ocean observation network from a ship‐based system to Argo floats. Here we demonstrate that the changes in the spatial sampling of the historical observation network introduced an artificial jump during the initiation of the global Argo array (2001–2003). The start of the Argo program is responsible for such a shift. Considering the sampling bias, new methods to assess long‐term trends in the OHC (0–700 m) are proposed that suggest the presence of a continuous upper ocean warming (0.36 ± 0.08 W m−2) since 1966.
Also No Support for the Youth Bias: Reply to Koppel and Berntsen
Authors: Janssen Steve M. J. 
Published: October 2014

SummaryIn this reply, I discuss three reasons why the results of Koppel and Berntsen's original study and my study do not offer support for the youth bias. First, participants in Koppel and Berntsen's original study could have used their own memories of public events to indicate how old a typical person would most likely be when the most important public event during that person's life would occur. Second, the absence of the age effect in the second experiment seemed to be caused by the lack of power, making it unlikely that the expectations about the timing of important public events are shared by younger and older participants. Third, participants in my study expected that more events would occur in the period in which a prototypical person would be between 0 and 10 years old than in the period in which the person would be between 11 and 30 years old. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Understanding the hospital sharps injury reporting pathway
Authors: Boden Leslie I. , Petrofsky Yolanta V. , Hopcia Karen , Wagner Gregory R. , Hashimoto Dean 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundPatient‐care workers are frequently exposed to sharps injuries, which can involve the risk of serious illness. Underreporting of these injuries can compromise prevention efforts.MethodsWe linked survey responses of 1,572 non‐physician patient‐care workers with the Occupational Health Services (OHS) database at two academic hospitals. We determined whether survey respondents who said they had sharps injuries indicated that they had reported them and whether reported injuries were recorded in the OHS database.ResultsRespondents said that they reported 62 of 78 sharps injuries occurring over a 12‐month period. Only 28 appeared in the OHS data. Safety practices were positively associated with respondents' saying they reported sharps injuries but not with whether reported injuries appeared in the OHS data.ConclusionsAdministrators should consider creating reporting mechanisms that are simpler and more direct. Administrators and researchers should attempt to understand how incidents might be lost before they are recorded. Am. J. Ind. Med. 58:282–289, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A re‐evaluation of the impact of radiographic orientation on the identification and interpretation of Harris lines
Authors: Scott Amy B. , Hoppa Robert D. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTThe identification of Harris lines through radiographic analysis has been well‐established since their discovery in the late nineteenth century. Most commonly associated with stress, the study of Harris lines has been fraught with inconsistent identification standards, high levels of intra‐ and interobserver error, and the inevitability of skeletal remodelling. Despite these methodological challenges, the use of Harris lines remains an important contributor to studies of health in archaeological populations. This research explores the radiographic process, specifically orientation and how Harris lines are initially captured for study. Using the Black Friars (13th–mid 17th centuries) skeletal sample from Denmark, 157 individuals (134 adults; 23 subadults) were radiographically analyzed in both an anterior–posterior (A–P) and medial–lateral (M–L) view for the left and right radii and tibiae. Based on the current methodological standards within the literature, it was hypothesized that the A–P view would provide the best resolution and visualization of Harris lines. The results, however, show that the number of lines visible in the M–L view were significantly higher than those visible in the A–P view; inferring that the M–L view is superior for the study of Harris lines. Am J Phys Anthropol 156:141–147, 2015 © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Potentialinduzierte Oberflächenrestrukturierung – die Bedeutung der strukturellen Charakterisierung in der Elektrokatalyse
Authors: Engstfeld Albert K. , Brimaud Sylvain , Behm R. Jürgen 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAnhand der kontinuierlichen elektrokatalytischen CO‐Oxidation an PtRu‐Modellelektroden zeigen wir die Bedeutung einer sorgfältigen strukturellen Charakterisierung der Elektrodenoberfläche vor und nach der Reaktion für deren mechanistisches Verständnis. Bimetallische, mit Pt‐Monolagen‐Inseln modifizierte Ru(0001)‐Elektroden, die unter Ultrahochvakuum‐Bedingungen präpariert und mittels Rastertunnelmikroskopie charakterisiert wurden, zeigen eine deutliche Restrukturierung nach Potentialzyklen bis 1.05 VRHE, während sie bei Zyklen bis 0.90 VRHEstabil sind. Die im Basis‐Voltammogramm kaum erkennbare Restrukturierung führt zu einem erheblichen Anstieg der Aktivität für die CO‐Oxidation bei niedrigen Potentialen (0.5–0.8 V). Dieser ist offensichtlich auf neue, während der Restrukturierung geschaffene aktive Plätze zurückzuführen, und nicht auf schon vorher auf der Oberfläche vorhandene PtRu‐Plätze, die bisher in einem bifunktionalen Mechanismus als Ursache für die hohe Aktivität dieser Bimetall‐Elektroden angesehen wurden.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct CH Functionalization of Benzoquinone
Authors: Walker Sarah E. , Jordan‐Hore James A. , Johnson David G. , Macgregor Stuart A. , Lee Ai‐Lan 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA direct Pd‐catalyzed CH functionalization of benzoquinone (BQ) can be controlled to give either mono‐ or disubstituted BQ, including the installation of two different groups in a one‐pot procedure. BQ can now be directly functionalized with aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, and cycloalkene groups and, moreover, the reaction is conducted in environmentally benign water or acetone as solvents.
Über eine fundamentale Änderung der Art der chemischen Bindung durch Isotopensubstitution
Authors: Fleming Donald G. , Manz Jörn , Sato Kazuma , Takayanagi Toshiyuki 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIsotopeneffekte können die Bildung und den Bruch chemischer Bindungen im Verlauf chemischer Reaktionen maßgeblich beeinflussen. Hier berichten wir über die Entdeckung einer fundamentalen Änderung der Art der chemischen Bindung durch Isotopensubstitution. Sie beruht auf systematischen quantenchemischen Rechnungen für die Isotopomere BrLBr, wobei “L” ein Wasserstoffisotop bezeichnet. Demnach werden alle vergleichsweise schwereren Isotopomere BrHBr, BrDBr, BrTBr und Br4HBr durch Van‐der‐Waals‐Bindung stabilisiert, wobei 4H das myonische Helium‐Atom bezeichnet, also das schwerste Wasserstoffisotop. Demgegenüber ist das leichteste Isotopomer, BrMuBr, ausschließlich schwingungsgebunden, wobei “Mu” das Myoniumatom bezeichnet; dies ist in Übereinstimmung mit seiner möglichen Beobachtung im jüngsten Experiment zur Mu+Br2‐Reaktion. Demzufolge wird BrMuBr am Sattelpunkt der Potentialenergiefläche stabilisiert, wobei der Anstieg der Potentialenergie durch Absenkung der Schwingungsnullpunktsenergie überkompensiert wird.
Hierarchical Supramolecular Assembly of Sterically Demanding π‐Systems by Conjugation with Oligoprolines
Authors: Lewandowska Urszula , Zajaczkowski Wojciech , Chen Long , Bouillière Francelin , Wang Dapeng , Koynov Kaloian , Pisula Wojciech , Müllen Klaus , Wennemers Helma 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSelf‐assembly from flexible worm‐like threads via bundles of rigid fibers to nanosheets and nanotubes was achieved by covalent conjugation of perylene monoimide (PMI) chromophores with oligoprolines of increasing length. Whereas the chromophoric π‐system and the peptidic building block do not self‐aggregate, the covalent conjugates furnish well‐ordered supramolecular structures with a common wall/fiber thickness. Their morphology is controlled by the number of repeat units and can be tuned by seemingly subtle structural modifications.
Potential‐Induced Surface Restructuring—The Need for Structural Characterization in Electrocatalysis Research
Authors: Engstfeld Albert K. , Brimaud Sylvain , Behm R. Jürgen 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe necessity of the careful structural characterization of model electrodes before and after the electrochemical measurements for a proper mechanistic interpretation is demonstrated for a well‐known electrocatalytic system, bulk CO oxidation on PtRu model electrodes. Bimetallic, Pt‐monolayer‐island‐modified Ru(0001) electrodes, which were prepared and characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy under ultrahigh‐vacuum conditions, were found to undergo a distinct restructuring when they were potential cycled to 1.05 VRHE, while up to 0.90 VRHEthey are stable. The restructuring, which is not evident in base voltammograms, is accompanied by a significant increase in the CO oxidation activity at low potentials (0.5–0.8 V), indicating that it is caused by new active sites created by the restructuring, and not by the PtRu sites that existed in the original surface and that were previously held responsible for the high activity of these bimetallic surfaces in terms of a bifunctional mechanism.
Cooperative Catalysis by Palladium and a Chiral Phosphoric Acid: Enantioselective Amination of Racemic Allylic Alcohols
Authors: Banerjee Debasis , Junge Kathrin , Beller Matthias 
Published: October 2014

AbstractCooperative catalysis by [Pd(dba)2] and the chiral phosphoric acid BA1 in combination with the phosphoramidite ligand L8 enabled the efficient enantioselective amination of racemic allylic alcohols with a variety of functionalized amines. This catalytic protocol is highly regio‐ and stereoselective (up to e.r. 96:4) and furnishes valuable chiral amines in almost quantitative yield.
Epoxy‐amine networks with varying epoxy polydispersity
Authors: Mc Aninch Ian M. , Palmese Giuseppe R. , Lenhart Joseph L. , La Scala John J. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTSolid, high molecular weight DGEBA‐based epoxies were blended with high purity liquid DGEBA to create several resins with equivalent epoxy equivalent weights, but with polydispersity indices (PDIs) ranging from 3 to over 10. The resins were cured with a stoichiometric amount of polyetheramine and compared to a nonblended epoxy with PDI of 1.8. Modulus, glass transition temperatures, and molecular weight between cross‐links were measured using dynamic mechanical analysis. Coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) were measured and used to extend room temperature density measurements as a function of temperature. Fracture properties were also measured. Overall, the increased polydispersity has almost negligible effect, with the main difference occurring in the slope of the glassy CTE, with more polydisperse epoxies having a slower increase in CTE. In comparison to previous work where bimodal amines were blended with DGEBA, we conclude that epoxy resins are far more sensitive to distributions in the flexible portion, rather than the more rigid one. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41503.
Vimentin Is a Dominant Target of In Situ Humoral Immunity in Human Lupus Tubulointerstitial Nephritis
Authors: Kinloch Andrew J. , Chang Anthony , Ko Kichul , Henry Dunand Carole J. , Henderson Scott , Maienschein‐Cline Mark , Kaverina Natalya , Rovin Brad H. , Salgado Ferrer Marlene , Wolfgeher Don , Liarski Vladimir , Haddon D. James , Utz Paul J. , Wilson Patrick C. , Clark Marcus R. 
Published: October 2014

ObjectiveIn lupus nephritis (LN), severe tubulointerstitial inflammation (TII) predicts progression to renal failure. Severe TII is associated with tertiary lymphoid neogenesis and in situ antigen‐driven clonal B cell selection. The autoantigen(s) driving in situ B cell selection in TII are not known. This study was undertaken to identify the dominant driving autoantigen(s).MethodsSingle CD38+ or Ki‐67+ B cells were laser captured from 7 biopsy specimens that were diagnostic for LN. Eighteen clonally expanded immunoglobulin heavy‐ and light‐chain variable region pairs were cloned and expressed as monoclonal antibodies. Seven more antibodies were cloned from flow‐sorted CD38+ cells from an eighth biopsy specimen. Antigen characterization was performed using a combination of confocal microscopy, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, screening protoarrays, immunoprecipitation, and mass spectrometry. Serum IgG titers to the dominant antigen in 48 LN and 35 non‐nephritic lupus samples were determined using purified antigen‐coated arrays. Autoantigen expression on normal and LN kidney was localized by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.ResultsEleven of 25 antibodies reacted with cytoplasmic structures, 4 reacted with nuclei, and none reacted with double‐stranded DNA. Vimentin was the only autoantigen identified by both mass spectrometry and protoarray. Ten of the 11 anticytoplasmic TII antibodies directly bound vimentin. Vimentin was highly expressed by tubulointerstitial inflammatory cells, and the TII antibodies tested preferentially bound inflamed tubulointerstitium. Finally, high titers of serum antivimentin antibodies were associated with severe TII (P = 0.0001).ConclusionVimentin, an antigenic feature of inflammation, is a dominant autoantigen targeted in situ in LN TII. This adaptive autoimmune response likely feeds forward to worsen TII and renal damage.
Anion‐Directed Self‐Assembly of Two Half‐Sandwich Ruthenium‐Based Metallamacrocycles as Catalysts for Water Oxidation
Authors: Yu Wei‐Bin , He Qing‐Ya , Shi Hua‐Tian , Yuan Guozan , Wei Xianwen 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe binuclear [η6‐(cymene)Ru(L)]2(OTf)2 (TfO−=trifluoromethanesulfonate) and tetranuclear [η6‐(cymene)Ru(L)]4(NO3)4 metallacycles were prepared by treating the pyridyl‐substituted 8‐hydroxyquinoline ligand (E)‐2‐[2‐(pyridin‐3‐yl)vinyl]quinolin‐8‐ol (HL) with [(p‐cymene)Ru(μ‐Cl)Cl]2 in the presence of AgOTf or AgNO3. The molecular structures of these complexes were confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, which revealed that both complexes have macrocycle frameworks induced by the TfO− and NO3− counteranions, respectively. The electrochemical properties of the two metallacycles were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, which showed that they have great potential as catalysts for water oxidation. Good efficiency was obtained by utilizing the nitrate complex as a water oxidation catalyst in the presence of a CeIV salt as an oxidant at high pH values.
Nachträglicher Einbau von Weißen Wannen in den Gebäudebestand
Authors: Kampen Rolf 
Published: October 2014

AbstractVeränderte Grundwasserstände führen bundesweit zu nassen Kellern. Derart betroffene Untergeschosse müssen entweder ertüchtigt oder aufgegeben werden. Weiße Wannen haben sich seit einem halben Jahrhundert im Neubau bewährt. Die Möglichkeit, Betonwannen auch nachträglich in den Gebäudebestand einbauen zu können, ist noch nicht überall bekannt – obwohl auch dies schon seit Jahrzehnten geübte Praxis ist. Zahlreiche ausgeführte Beispiele belegen, dass hiermit eine sinnvolle Möglichkeit besteht, feuchte und unter Wasser stehende Untergeschosse zuverlässig und dauerhaft wieder nutzbar zu machen. Randbedingungen, technische Möglichkeiten und Bauablauf werden nachfolgend beschrieben.Retrofitting waterproof basements (“White Tanks”) into existing buildingsAll over Germany, changing groundwater levels are causing wet cellars. Basements affected in this way must be either retrofitted or abandoned. Water‐impermeable concrete structures (in German speaking countries referred to as Weiße Wannen meaning “White Tanks”) have proven their reliability over the last five decades; (comparable to “Structurally integral protection, Type B” acc. to BS 8102: 2009). The fact that it is possible to retrofit White Tanks into existing buildings is not universally known – although this solution has been practised for decades. Numerous examples of the practice prove that this is a reliable, effective method, enabling wet or flooded basements to be returned to permanent use. The following article describes the basic conditions, the technical possibilities and the procedure involved.