bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor of the uterine cervix identified on a conventional cervical smear
Authors: Tajima Shogo , Koda Kenji 
Published: September 2015

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) most frequently involve the uterus, particularly the uterine corpus and very occasionally the cervix. One case of PEComa identified using a conventional cervical smear has previously been documented. Herein, we present the second such case. The patient was a 51‐year‐old woman with abnormal genital tract bleeding. Samples collected for conventional cervical smears were submitted for cytopathological examination, which revealed discohesive monotonous tumor cells showing epithelioid morphology, ample cytoplasm that was pale to weakly eosinophilic, and mildly enlarged nuclei. The cytopathological features were well correlated with histopathological findings. Upon immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells were positive for both melanocytic and smooth muscle markers. Based on these findings, PEComa was diagnosed. Subsequently, a total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy was performed, revealing that the tumor (28 × 22 × 12 mm) was located at the superficial part of the endocervix. We propose that the cytopathological findings described herein can guide the diagnosis of PEComa, even though this tumor is rare. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2015;43:1011–1016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bilateral Control of a Velocity Control System Using Electric and Hydraulic Actuators
Authors: Takahashi Daiki , Sakaino Sho , Tsuji Toshiaki , Kaneko Yasuyoshi 
Published: September 2015

SUMMARYWorking in extreme environments (e.g., at disaster sites) is dangerous for humans. Hence, it is important to use teleoperated robots in such extreme environments. Because heavy lifting work is involved, hydraulic actuators with high output are more commonly used than electric actuators. Therefore, it is necessary to operate remotely controlled robots driven by hydraulic actuators. Bilateral control is remote control with a sense of force. Because most bilateral control systems have been studied mainly using electric actuators, bilateral control using hydraulic actuators is still a challenge. In this study, we propose placing a bilateral controller between an electric actuator on the master side and a hydraulic actuator on the slave side using position and velocity. The controller exhibits the dynamics of bilateral control systems using position and velocity. In addition, the control performance of conventional methods and that of the proposed method are compared and experimentally verified.
Cooperative Control by System Voltage Control Equipments in Consideration of Reducing Capacity of STATCOM
Authors: Kawasaki Shoji , Kurokawa Naohiro , Taoka Hisao , Nakashima Yuya 
Published: September 2015

SUMMARYIn recent years, the number of renewable energy sources (RESs) such as photovoltaic generation systems and wind power generation systems connected to the grid has been increasing as a way of reducing negative effects on the environment. The outputs of these RESs vary rapidly because of the influence of the weather and the conditions of the location. Therefore, there are concerns that the point voltages in a distribution system may vary drastically and that the voltages may deviate from the appropriate voltage range as a result of the influence of the RES connected to the distribution system or to the diversification of loads. Furthermore, there are concerns about adverse effects on electric power quality, such as voltage imbalances and harmonics. In this paper, we propose a cooperative voltage control method for a distribution system using system voltage control equipment in order to reduce the capacity of the static synchronous compensator. Numerical calculations were performed in order to verify the validity of the proposed method.
Single baseline serum creatinine measurements predict mortality in critically ill patients hospitalized for acute heart failure
Authors: Schefold Joerg C. , Lainscak Mitja , Hodoscek Lea Majc , Blöchlinger Stefan , Doehner Wolfram , von Haehling Stephan 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundAcute heart failure (AHF) is a leading cause of death in critically ill patients and is often accompanied by significant renal dysfunction. Few data exist on the predictive value of measures of renal dysfunction in large cohorts of patients hospitalized for AHF.MethodsSix hundred and eighteen patients hospitalized for AHF (300 male, aged 73.3 ± 10.3 years, 73% New York Heart Association Class 4, mean hospital length of stay 12.9 ± 7.7 days, 97% non‐ischaemic AHF) were included in a retrospective single‐centre data analysis. Echocardiographic data, serum creatinine/urea levels, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and clinical/laboratory markers were recorded. Mean follow‐up time was 2.9 ± 2.1 years. All‐cause mortality was recorded, and univariate/multivariate analyses were performed.ResultsNormal renal function defined as eGFR > 90 mL/min/1.73 m2was noted in only 3% of AHF patients at baseline. A significant correlation of left ventricular ejection fraction with serum creatinine levels and eGFR (allP < 0.002) was noted. All‐cause mortality rates were 12% (90 days) and 40% (at 2 years), respectively. In a multivariate model, increased age, higher New York Heart Association class at admission, higher total cholesterol levels, and lower eGFR independently predicted death. Patients with baseline eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2had an exceptionally high risk of death (odds ratio 2.80, 95% confidence interval 1.52–5.15,P = 0.001).ConclusionsIn a large cohort of patients with mostly non‐ischaemic AHF, enhanced serum creatinine levels and reduced eGFR independently predict death. It appears that patients with eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2have poorest survival rates. Our data add to mounting data indicating that impaired renal function is an important risk factor for non‐survival in patients hospitalized for AHF.
Substrate selectivity of Novozym 435 in the esterification of glycerol with an equimolar mixture of linoleic, conjugated linoleic, and pinolenic acids
Authors: Woo Hyunjoon , Kim Jiwon , Kim In‐Hwan , Choi Hee‐Don , Choi In‐Wook , Kim Byung Hee 
Published: September 2015

The selectivity of Novozym 435, an immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B toward linoleic (LA), conjugated linoleic (CLA), and pinolenic acids (PLA) was investigated in the esterification of glycerol with an equimolar (27.3 mol% each) mixture of the fatty acids (FAs) in a solvent‐free system to prepare triacylglycerols (TAGs) with anti‐obesity effects. The maximal TAG content of 98.9 wt% was achieved under the following conditions: temperature, 70°C; reaction time, 24 h; glycerol‐to‐FA mixture molar ratio, 1:3; enzyme loading, 10 wt% of total substrates; vacuum level, 0.4 kPa. During the initial phase of the reaction, Novozym 435 showed pronounced selectivity in the order of PLA > CLA > LA; however, no significant difference in the selectivity of Novozym 435 toward the three FAs was observed after the reaction plateaued. Novozym 435 showed the significant selectivity toward PLA over CLA and LA at the sn‐2 position of TAGs throughout the reaction. The resulting TAGs had the same total content (∼27 mol% each) of the three FAs. However, the LA, CLA, and PLA contents at the sn‐2 position were 27.7, 24.7, and 30.3 mol%, respectively, indicating that unlike LA, CLA, and PLA were unevenly distributed on the glycerol backbone of the TAGs.Practical applications: CLA and PLA have received much attention because of their anti‐obesity effects. Structured TAGs containing both CLA and PLA not only maintain the health benefits of each but also may provide several advantages (e.g., enhanced oxidative stability, reduced incidence of off‐flavor) to both for food applications compared to the free FA forms. The selectivity of a lipase toward FAs used as substrates for the lipase‐catalyzed synthesis of structured TAGs affects the composition and positional distribution of FAs in the resulting structured TAGs. The present study reports a new finding about the selectivity of Novozym 435 toward LA, CLA, and PLA which are all C18‐unsaturated FAs, in the esterification of glycerol with the FAs to prepare structured TAGs containing both CLA and PLA.Novozym 435‐catalyzed esterification of glycerol with an equimolar mixture of linoleic, conjugated linoleic, and pinolenic acids.
Bone Mineral Density and Microarchitecture in Patients With Autosomal Dominant Osteopetrosis: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Arruda Mariana , Coelho Maria Caroline Alves , Moraes Aline Barbosa , de Paula Paranhos-Neto Francisco , Madeira Miguel , Farias Maria Lucia Fleiuss , Neto Leonardo Vieira 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT

The aim of this case study is to describe changes in areal bone mineral density (aBMD) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan, as well as volumetric bone density and microarchitecture by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) in two patients with autosomal dominant osteopetrosis (ADO) and compare with 20 healthy subjects. We describe a 44-year-old male patient with six low-impact fractures since he was age 16 years, and a 32-year-old female patient with four low-impact fractures on her past history. Radiographic changes were typical of ADO. Consistent with the much higher aBMD, total volumetric BMD (average bone density of the whole bone, including trabecular and cortical compartments) at distal radius and tibia (HR-pQCT) was more than twice the mean values found in healthy subjects in both patients. Trabecular number and thickness were higher, leading to an evident increase in trabecular bone volume to tissue volume. Also, an enormous increase in cortical thickness was found. Most important, a great heterogeneity in bone microstructure of the affected patients was evident on HR-pQCT images: islets of very dense bone were interposed with areas with apparent normal density. The increase in aBMD, volumetric BMD, and most indices of trabecular and cortical bone, associated with the great heterogeneity on bone tridimensional microarchitecture, reflect the accumulation of old and fragile bone randomly distributed along the skeleton. These alterations in bone microstructure probably compromise bone quality, which might justify the high prevalence of low-impact fractures in patients with ADO, despite abnormally elevated BMD. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Thymol and Carvacrol Prevent Doxorubicin‐Induced Cardiotoxicity by Abrogation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in Rats
Authors: El‐Sayed El‐Sayed M. , Mansour Ahmed M. , Abdul‐Hameed Mohammed S. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to assess the possible protective effects of thymol and carvacrol (CAR) against doxorubicin (DOX)‐induced cardiotoxicity. A single dose of DOX (10 mg/kg i.v.) injected to male rats revealed significant increases in serum lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme‐MB, aspartate transaminase, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha, and cardiac troponin levels. It also increased heart contents of malondialdehyde and caspase‐3 accompanied by a significant reduction in heart content of reduced glutathione as well as catalase and superoxide dismutase activity as compared with the control group. In contrast, administration of thymol (20 mg/kg p.o.) and/or CAR (25 mg/kg p.o.) for 14 days before DOX administration and for 2 days after DOX injection ameliorated the heart function and oxidative stress parameters. Summarily, thymol was more cardioprotective than CAR. Moreover, a combination of thymol and CAR had a synergistic cardioprotective effect that might be attributed to antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities.
Self‐Compassion and Self‐Criticism in Recovery in Psychosis: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis Study
Authors: Waite Felicity , Knight Matthew T. D. , Lee Deborah 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveTo increase understanding of the internal processes of recovery in psychosis, with particular consideration given to self‐compassion and self‐criticism.MethodQualitative data were collected by semistructured interviews, from 10 participants with psychosis, and analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.ResultsFive superordinate themes emerged: (a) “my mind can't take the load”: the “curse” of psychosis; (b) the “trap” of self‐criticism; (c) “coming to terms” with psychosis in my life to “move on”; (d) “on my own two feet”; and (e) “an opportunity” for growth. The themes included a reciprocal relationship between psychosis and self‐criticism, processes of acceptance, empowerment, and posttraumatic growth.ConclusionsThe internal process of self‐to‐self relating contributed to 2 maintenance cycles: self‐criticism maintained distressing experiences of psychosis and compassionate self‐acceptance resulted in empowered action and promoted recovery and growth. The dual process of acceptance and change in relationship to self was central to recovery.
PCGEM1 stimulates proliferation of osteoarthritic synoviocytes by acting as a sponge for miR‐770
Authors: Kang Yeonho , Song Jinsoo , Kim Dongkyun , Ahn Chiyeon , Park Sujung , Chun Churl‐Hong , Jin Eun‐Jung 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTLong non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play important roles in cellular metabolism and development. Various diseases have been associated with aberrant expression of lncRNAs and the related dysregulation of mRNAs. An lncRNA profiling assay was carried out to identify the key lncRNA in osteoarthritic human synoviocytes; the results revealed that prostate cancer gene expression marker 1 (PCGEM1) was significantly overexpressed in osteoarthritic synoviocytes. Exogenous overexpression of PCGEM1 inhibited apoptosis, induced autophagy, and stimulated the proliferation of human synoviocytes. The increased expression of PCGEM1 in human synoviocytes also suppressed the expression of miR‐770. Transfection of the miR‐770 precursor resulted in reduced proliferation, and induced apoptosis of human synoviocytes. This effect of miR‐770 expression was reversed by co‐introduction of PCGEM1. Target validation showed a direct binding between PCGEM1 and miR‐770. We demonstrate that PCGEM1 act as sponge lncRNA for miR‐770 that regulates proliferation/apoptosis and autophagy, and suggest PCGEM1 as possible target for OA therapy. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:412–418, 2016.
Has survival following pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreas adenocarcinoma improved over time?
Authors: Salem Ahmed I. , Alfi Mina , Winslow Emily , Cho Clifford S. , Weber Sharon M. 
Published: September 2015

IntroductionSurvival following resection of pancreas cancer is poor. It is uncertain whether outcome improved overtime. Due to the recent advances in surgical techniques, diagnostic evaluation, and systemic treatment, we sought to evaluate pancreas cancer outcome over time.MethodsProspectively collected data on patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for pathologically confirmed pancreatic adenocarcinoma from 1999 to 2012 were analyzed. Perioperative and long‐term outcomes were analyzed, comparing patients from era 1 (1999–2005) to patients from era 2 (2006–2012).ResultsTwo‐hundred sixteen patients were evaluated, including 76 in era 1 and 140 in era 2. There was no difference in 30‐day mortality (1.3%, era 1 vs. 1.4%, era 2; P = 0.95) or rates of overall 30‐day morbidity (49%, era 1 vs. 62%, era 2; P = 0.06). On multivariable analysis after adjusting for perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, margin status, EBL, and venous resection, there was no difference in survival between eras (HR = 0.81, P = 0.27, CI = 0.57–1.16).ConclusionsAfter adjusting for clinicopathological features, there was no association of improved outcome over time. However, despite an increasing prevalence of anatomically advanced and histologically aggressive tumors, perioperative outcomes such as blood loss and margin negativity improved over time, with no increase in 30‐day mortality. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015;112:643–649. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Seawater sampling by an autonomous underwater vehicle: “Gulper” sample validation for nitrate, chlorophyll, phytoplankton, and primary production
Authors: Pennington J. T. , Blum M. , Chavez F. P. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe effort and expense associated with sample and data collections for long oceanographic time series are, in part, driving the development of autonomous platforms, sensors and sample collectors. Here we validate basic oceanographic samples collected by an autonomous underwater vehicle with water sampler (AUV with “Gulper”) by comparison with samples collected by a standard collection device, the conductivity‐temperature‐depth rosette with Niskin bottles. After elimination of a toxic material, “on‐deck” and field comparisons show that Gulpers and Niskin bottles collect comparable nitrate, chlorophyll, phytoplankton species and 14C‐based primary production (PP) samples and data. Gulper materials and lubricants, Gulper firing, field presence of the possibly toxic submarine, and the pressure and temperature cycling associated with the submarine's depth undulations all appear unimportant. However, 24 h sample hold periods for live samples within the Gulpers, as is necessary during many AUV deployments, appears to depress nitrate, chlorophyll and PP values somewhat (4–16%). While challenges remain, demonstration that the AUV and sampler can collect fundamental oceanographic samples is a critical step toward the broader use of such autonomous platforms.
Anisotropic Gelation Induced by Very Little Amount of Filamentous Actin
Authors: Shikinaka Kazuhiro , Misu Manami , Furukawa Hidemitsu , Kakugo Akira , Gong Jian Ping 
Published: September 2015

In this paper, the hydrogel is created with oriented structure by addition of very little amount of dopant, filamentous actin (F‐actin), which is 1/50 000 of lower critical concentration for nematic phase in F‐actin aqueous solution. The orientation mechanism of polymer network differs depending on the concentration of F‐actin. Furthermore, it is first exhibited that the role of polyelectrolyte for the emergence of anisotropy of gel is differed depending on its concentration by using digestion method to F‐actins, experimentally.
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Dietary lipids modulate the expression of miR‐107, a miRNA that regulates the circadian system
Authors: Daimiel‐Ruiz Lidia , Klett‐Mingo Mercedes , Konstantinidou Valentini , Micó Victor , Aranda Juan Francisco , García Belén , Martínez‐Botas Javier , Dávalos Alberto , Fernández‐Hernando Carlos , Ordovás José Maria 
Published: September 2015

ScopeThe increased prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has been hypothesized to be the result of an increased exposure to a host of atherogenic environmental factors, paramount among them being unhealthy dietary habits. Long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been shown to have cardio protective effects, partially due to their ability to regulate gene expression. In this regard, increasing attention has been devoted to the role of miRNAs as regulators of multiple metabolic pathways whose deregulation has been associated with CVD risk. In this work we investigated whether miRNA expression was regulated by docosahexanoic acid, conjugated linoleic acid and cholesterol in Caco‐2 cells.ResultsAmong the modulated miRNAs, miR‐107 was differentially expressed by all treatments and this modulation was independent of its hosting gene, panthothenate kinase 1, possibly through its own promoter, which contains binding sites for metabolically relevant transcription factors. Among the putative target genes of miR‐107, we found some genes with key roles in circadian rhythm. Specifically, we demonstrated that binding of miR‐107 to the circadian locomotor output cycles kaput gene results in the deregulation of the circadian rhythm of the cells.ConclusionSince chronodisruption has been linked to metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, obesity, and CVD, our findings suggest that miR‐107 could represent a new approach for pharmacological treatment of these diseases.
Variable flip angle 3D‐GRASE for high resolution fMRI at 7 tesla
Authors: Kemper Valentin G. , De Martino Federico , Yacoub Essa , Goebel Rainer 
Published: September 2015

PurposeTo evaluate the use of variable flip angle refocusing pulse trains in single‐shot three‐dimensional gradient and spin‐echo (3D‐GRASE) to reduce blurring and increase the spatial coverage for high spatial resolution T2‐weighted functional MRI at 7 Tesla.MethodsVariable flip angle refocusing schemes in 3D‐GRASE were calculated based on extended phase graph theory. The blurring along the slice (partition) direction was evaluated in simulations, as well as phantom and in vivo experiments. Furthermore, temporal stability and functional sensitivity at 0.8 mm isotropic resolution were assessed.ResultsVariable flip angle refocusing schemes yielded significantly reduced blurring compared with conventional refocusing schemes, with the full width at half maximum being approximately 30–40% narrower. Simultaneously, spatial coverage could be increased by 80%. The temporal signal‐to‐noise ratio was slightly reduced, but functional sensitivity was largely maintained due to increased functional contrast in the variable flip angle acquisitions. Signal‐to‐noise ratio and functional sensitivity were reduced more strongly in areas with insufficient radiofrequency transmission indicating higher sensitivity to experimental imperfections.ConclusionVariable flip angle refocusing schemes increase usability of 3D‐GRASE for high‐resolution functional MRI by reducing blurring and allowing increased spatial coverage. Magn Reson Med 76:897–904, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Coiled‐coil length: Size does matter
Authors: Surkont Jaroslaw , Diekmann Yoan , Ryder Pearl V. , Pereira‐Leal Jose B. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTProtein evolution is governed by processes that alter primary sequence but also the length of proteins. Protein length may change in different ways, but insertions, deletions and duplications are the most common. An optimal protein size is a trade‐off between sequence extension, which may change protein stability or lead to acquisition of a new function, and shrinkage that decreases metabolic cost of protein synthesis. Despite the general tendency for length conservation across orthologous proteins, the propensity to accept insertions and deletions is heterogeneous along the sequence. For example, protein regions rich in repetitive peptide motifs are well known to extensively vary their length across species. Here, we analyze length conservation of coiled‐coils, domains formed by an ubiquitous, repetitive peptide motif present in all domains of life, that frequently plays a structural role in the cell. We observed that, despite the repetitive nature, the length of coiled‐coil domains is generally highly conserved throughout the tree of life, even when the remaining parts of the protein change, including globular domains. Length conservation is independent of primary amino acid sequence variation, and represents a conservation of domain physical size. This suggests that the conservation of domain size is due to functional constraints. Proteins 2015; 83:2162–2169. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.