bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3973: BRICHOS genes CHM1 and ITM2A maintain an undifferentiated, invasive phenotype in Ewing sarcoma
Authors: Heyking Kristina von , Fasan Annette , Burdach Stefan , Richter Günther H. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Ewing sarcomas (ES) are highly malignant, osteolytic bone or soft tissue tumors, which are characterized by ews/ets translocations and early metastasis into lung and bone. In this study, we analyzed the role of the BRICHOS domain-containing genes CHM1 and ITM2A in ES pathogenesis, especially in bone-associated tumor growth and metastasis. Both genes are overexpressed in ES and among others appear to be important for chondrogenic differentiation. CHM1 in addition seems directly up-regulated by EWS/FLI1. Using RNA interference, we demonstrate that CHM1 and ITM2A slightly reduced bone invasiveness and osteolysis in vivo that is likely mediated by the suppression of the osteolytic genes HIF1α, IL6, JAG1 and VEGF. Furthermore, CHM1 and ITM2A suppressed the chondrogenic and to a lesser extend the osteogenic differentiation status of ES cells indicating that osteomimicry might play a role in homing, colonizing and invasion into bone tissues. Additionally, we show that both BRICHOS domain-containing genes significantly increased the expression of the stem cell genes, ABCG2 and PROM1. Together with the observed undifferentiated phenotype of ES cells, we demonstrate that CHM1 and ITM2A clearly enhanced lung metastasis in a xenograft mouse model in vivo. Our results suggest that CHM1 and ITM2A are essential players with respect to the undifferentiated phenotype and the metastatic behavior of ES cells.
Citation Format: Kristina von Heyking, Annette Fasan, Stefan Burdach, Günther H. Richter. BRICHOS genes CHM1 and ITM2A maintain an undifferentiated, invasive phenotype in Ewing sarcoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3973. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3973
CARD9 Promotes Sex-Biased Colon Tumors in the APCmin Mouse Model
Authors: Leo Vonny I. , Tan Sze Huey , Bergmann Hanna , Cheah Peh Yean , Chew Min Hoe , Lim Kiat Hon , Ruland Jürgen , Reilly Patrick T. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Caspase recuitment domain–containing protein 9 (CARD9) functions in different inflammation pathways to elicit responses to microbial signals and is known to affect intestinal inflammation. Examining the APCmin mouse model of intestinal tumorigenesis and using stringently controlled, sex- and age-matched pairs of CARD9-competent and CARD9-deficient mice, we have found that CARD9 has a restricted but strong effect on tumorigenesis in the large intestine. We have found that CARD9 reduces viability specifically in males and promotes tumorigenesis specifically in the large intestines of these male mice. To our knowledge, this is the first gene ablation in APCmin mice that solely affects colon tumors in male subjects and, as such, may have significant clinical implications. Additional data suggest correlative disruption of plasma cytokine expression and immune infiltration of the tumors. We speculate that known sex-specific differences in human colorectal cancer may involve inflammation, particularly CARD9-dependent inflammation. Cancer Immunol Res; 3(7); 721–6. ©2015 AACR.
Ser uma pessoa, ser alguém. Os limites do institucionalismo hegeliano
Authors: Colliot-Thélène Catherine 
Published: May 2015

<p>É geralmente aceito que a filosofia política de Hegel é institucionalista<br />no sentido de que ela não se contenta em justificar a necessidade do organismo político, mas que ela expõe suas articulações complexas com esmero de precisão. Enquanto para alguns, como para Axel Honneth, por exemplo, o institucionalismo de Hegel seria excessivo, tenho, inversamente, a tendência de considerar que o interesse de Hegel pelo concreto das instituições é aquilo que constitui a força de sua filosofia política. Parece-me que encontramos nos<em> Princípios da </em><em>Filosofia do Direito</em> os traços de uma reflexão (discreta) sobre os limites do institucionalizável. São esses traços que eu pretendo identificar, em dois níveis, nesta exposição: aquele do direito abstrato, que será objeto da primeira parte, e aquele da eticidade, ao qual consagrarei a segunda parte da exposição.</p>
Neuromatous Regeneration as a Nerve Response After Catheter-Based Renal Denervation Therapy in a Large Animal Model
Authors: Rousselle Serge D. , Brants Irena K. , Sakaoka Atsushi , Hubbard Brad , Jackson Nicolette D. , Wicks Joan R. , Dillon Krista N. , Naiche L.A. , Hart Randy , Garza Javier A. , Tellez Armando 
Published: May 2015

Background—
Renal denervation (RDN) emerged as a therapeutic option for resistant hypertension. Nerve regrowth after RDN has been questioned. We aimed to characterize the nerve response after RDN.

Methods and Results—
Swine underwent bilateral RDN and were followed up for 7, 30, and 90 days and evaluated with S100 (Schwann cell), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH; efferent nerves), and growth-associated protein 43 (neurite regeneration) markers. At 7 days, nerve changes consisted of necrosis associated with perineurial fibrosis and distal atrophy with inflammation. At 30 days changes were substituted by healing changes (ie, fibrosis). This response progressed through 90 days resulting in prominent neuroma formation. Immunohistochemistry at 7 days: TH staining was strongly decreased in treated nerves. Early regenerative attempts were observed with strongly TH and growth-associated protein 43 positive and weak S100 disorganized nerve sprouts within the thickened perineurium. Distal atrophic nerves show weak staining for all 3 markers. At 30 days, affected nerves show a weak TH and S100 staining. Evident growth-associated protein 43+ disorganized neuromatous tangles in the thickened perineurium of severed nerves were observed. At 90 days, some TH expression was observed together with prominent S100+ and growth-associated protein 43+ neuromatous tangles with disorganized architecture. The potential for regenerative activity is unlikely based on the disrupted architecture of these neuromatous tangles at the radiofrequency lesion sites.

Conclusions—
This study is the first documentation that a progressive regenerative response occurs as early as 7 days after RDN, resulting in a poorly organized neuromatous regeneration. This finding is of paramount importance to further establish the potential functional significance of a regeneration after RDN.
Stable Task Representations under Attentional Load Revealed with Multivariate Pattern Analysis of Human Brain Activity
Authors: Chan Jason L. , Kucyi Aaron , DeSouza Joseph F. X. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Performing multiple tasks concurrently places a load on limited attentional resources and results in disrupted task performance. Although human neuroimaging studies have investigated the neural correlates of attentional load, how attentional load affects task processing is poorly understood. Here, task-related neural activity was investigated using fMRI with conventional univariate analysis and multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) while participants performed blocks of prosaccades and antisaccades, either with or without a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) task. Performing prosaccades and antisaccades with RSVP increased error rates and RTs, decreased mean activation in frontoparietal brain areas associated with oculomotor control, and eliminated differences in activation between prosaccades and antisaccades. However, task identity could be decoded from spatial patterns of activation both in the absence and presence of an attentional load. Furthermore, in the FEFs and intraparietal sulcus, these spatial representations were found to be similar using cross-trial-type MVPA, which suggests stability under attentional load. These results demonstrate that attentional load may disrupt the strength of task-related neural activity, rather than the identity of task representations.
Increased Stimulus Expectancy Triggers Low-frequency Phase Reset during Restricted Vigilance
Authors: ten Oever Sanne , van Atteveldt Nienke , Sack Alexander T. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Temporal cues can be used to selectively attend to relevant information during abundant sensory stimulation. However, such cues differ vastly in the accuracy of their temporal estimates, ranging from very predictable to very unpredictable. When cues are strongly predictable, attention may facilitate selective processing by aligning relevant incoming information to high neuronal excitability phases of ongoing low-frequency oscillations. However, top–down effects on ongoing oscillations when temporal cues have some predictability, but also contain temporal uncertainties, are unknown. Here, we experimentally created such a situation of mixed predictability and uncertainty: A target could occur within a limited time window after cue but was always unpredictable in exact timing. Crucially to assess top–down effects in such a mixed situation, we manipulated target probability. High target likelihood, compared with low likelihood, enhanced delta oscillations more strongly as measured by evoked power and intertrial coherence. Moreover, delta phase modulated detection rates for probable targets. The delta frequency range corresponds with half-a-period to the target occurrence window and therefore suggests that low-frequency phase reset is engaged to produce a long window of high excitability when event timing is uncertain within a restricted temporal window.
Moisture Sources of Torrential Rainfall Events in the Sichuan Basin of China during Summers of 2009–13
Authors: Huang Yongjie , Cui Xiaopeng 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWater vapor sources and transport paths associated with torrential rains are very important to research and forecasts. This study investigates the main moisture sources and transport paths related to torrential rainfall events in the Sichuan basin of China, which is located east of the Tibetan Plateau, using a Lagrangian flexible particle dispersion model (FLEXPART). Based on the analysis of the torrential rainfall distribution during 2009–13, four study areas are selected in the basin. Particles that have a great contribution to the torrential rainfall events within the four study areas are traced back for 10 days, and a quantitative analysis of the contributions from various moisture sources to the torrential rainfall events is also conducted. The results indicate that a large number of target particles start at the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, land on the Indo-China Peninsula, and finally reach the study areas. This is an important moisture transport path for the torrential rainfall events within the four study areas. Another important path is from the neighborhood of the Sichuan basin. The total moisture supplies from all examined moisture sources within the whole atmospheric layer account for more than 90% of precipitation within the study areas. There are two major moisture sources, the Sichuan basin and the Bay of Bengal, and the South China Sea could be another important moisture source region for the torrential rains in the northeastern Sichuan basin.
Improvement of Statistical Postprocessing Using GEFS Reforecast Information
Authors: Guan Hong , Cui Bo , Zhu Yuejian 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Earth System Research Laboratory (NOAA/ESRL) generated a multidecadal (from 1985 to present) ensemble reforecast database for the 2012 version of the Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS). This dataset includes 11-member reforecasts initialized once per day at 0000 UTC. This GEFS version has a strong cold bias for winter and warm bias for summer in the Northern Hemisphere. Although the operational decaying average bias-correction approach performs well in winter and summer, it sometimes fails during the spring and fall transition seasons at long lead times (&gt;~5 days). In this paper, 24- (1985–2008) and 25-yr (1985–2009) reforecast biases are used to calibrate 2-m temperature forecasts in 2009 and 2010, respectively. The reforecast-calibrated forecasts for both years are more accurate than those adjusted by the decaying average method during transition seasons. A long training period (&gt;5 yr) is necessary to help avoid a large impact on bias correction from an extreme year case and keep a broader diversity of weather scenarios. The improvement from using the full 25-yr, 31-day window, weekly training dataset is almost equivalent to that from using daily training samples. This provides an option to reduce computational expenses while maintaining a desired accuracy. To provide the potential to improve forecast accuracy for transition seasons, reforecast information is added into the current operational bias-correction method. The relative contribution of the two methods is determined by the correlation between the ensemble mean and analysis. This method improves the forecast accuracy for most of the year with a maximum benefit during April–June.
A novel lab-scale batch foaming equipment: The mini-batch
Authors: Tammaro D , Contaldi V , Carbone MG Pastore , Di Maio E , Iannace S 
Published: May 2015

In this paper, we report the design of a new experimental apparatus for the study of the foaming process of thermoplastic polymers with physical blowing agents. The novel lab-scale batch foaming equipment is capable of achieving accurate control of the processing variables, namely, the temperature, the saturation pressure and the pressure drop rate and, furthermore, of allowing the achievement of very high pressure drop rates, the observation of the sample while foaming and the very fast extraction of the foamed sample. By recalling the considerations discussed by Muratani et al. ( J Cell Plast 2005; 24: 15), the design converged into a simple, cheap, and very small pressure vessel, thereby denoted as mini-batch. We herein describe the overall design path of the mini-batch, its characteristics, configurations, together with some examples of use with polystyrene and CO2 as the blowing agent.
The Struggle for the Meaning of Dissent
Authors: Cerda García Alejandro 
Published: May 2015

Political dissent, a significant part of any democratic process, must be understood not only as a historical and social construction but also from a structural and relational perspective. Social movements and organizations, especially autonomist indigenous ones, attempt to persuade the public that dissent is a right and a proper form for thinking about the political. The social construction of dissent as a crime not only is promoted by state regimes but also seeks to be accepted, legitimated, and sustained by the society. Socially deconstructing it requires considering the law as a historical production, connecting its analysis to legitimacy, and recognizing its ideological and fictional dimension and the influence of structural conditions such as the organization of production. El disenso político, parte sustancial de todo proceso democrático, requiere ser comprendido como construcción social e histórica y desde una perspectiva estructural y relacional. Organizaciones y movimientos sociales, especialmente los indígenas autonomistas, despliegan acciones para influir en la opinión pública a fin de sostener que disentir es un derecho y una forma idónea de pensar lo político. La construcción social de la disidencia como delito es un proceso que, si bien es impulsado por regímenes estatales, busca ser aceptado, legitimado y sostenido por la sociedad. La tarea de desconstruirlo socialmente requiere considerar el derecho como producto histórico, vincular su análisis a la legitimidad, y reconocer su dimensión ideológica y ficcional y la influencia por condiciones tales como la organización de los procesos de producción.
Does Diabetes Self-management Education in Conjunction With Primary Care Improve Glycemic Control in Hispanic Patients?
Authors: Ferguson Sacha , Swan Melanie , Smaldone Arlene 
Published: May 2015

Purpose The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the effectiveness of diabetes self-management education (DSME) interventions delivered in conjunction with primary care among Hispanic adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature identified randomized controlled trials (RCT) that tested the effect of DSME interventions in Hispanic adults with T2DM. Studies reporting hemoglobin A1C (A1C) pre and post intervention or change in A1C were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Results Of 625 studies identified, 13 RCTs met criteria for inclusion in the systematic review; of these, 11 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The 13 RCTs represent data from 2784 adult Hispanic subjects. DSME interventions (individual, group, telephone/electronic, and multimodal sessions) varied in intensity from 1-time DSME sessions with phone follow-up to contact every 4 to 6 weeks over 5 years. At ≥6 months following intervention, pooled A1C reduction was −0.25 (95% CI, −0.42 to −0.07), favoring the intervention group. Conclusions DSME in conjunction with primary care is effective in improving glycemic control in Hispanic adults with T2DM. Future comparative effectiveness research is needed to identify best delivery methods to optimize effectiveness of DSME delivered to the Hispanic population.
Influence of Tonsillar Size on OSA Improvement in Children Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy
Authors: Tang Alice , Benke James R. , Cohen Aliza P. , Ishman Stacey L. 
Published: May 2015

ObjectiveTo determine if pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) improves after adenotonsillectomy (AT) regardless of tonsil size.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingPediatric Otolaryngology Department, Johns Hopkins Hospital.SubjectsSeventy children 1 to 18 years of age who underwent polysomnography (PSG) before and after AT.MethodsTonsil size was evaluated using the Brodsky grading scale.ResultsChildren were stratified by tonsil size as 2+ (n = 20), 3+ (n = 36), and 4+ (n = 14). There was a significant improvement in obstructive apnea‐hypopnea index (oAHI), apnea index (AI), and saturation nadir across all 3 groups after AT. Preoperative oAHI, AI, and hypopnea index (HI) were similar regardless of tonsil size (P >. 05). Overall, oAHI improved from a median of 11.8 ± 21.7 to 2.0 ± 6.1 events/h, with 40% (28/70) of children having complete resolution. The oAHI (P <. 0001‐0.02), AI (P <. 0001‐0.017), HI (P <. 0001‐0.058), and saturation nadir (P <. 0001‐0.017) significantly improved for the 2+, 3+, and 4+ groups. Only the HI (P =. 058) in the 2+ group did not. The median oAHI improvement was 3.4 ± 26.4 events/h in the 2+ group, 8.3 ± 16.6 events/h in the 3+ group, and 12.3 ± 19.5 events/h in the 4+ group, with 25% (5/20), 50% (18/36), and 36% (5/14), respectively, having complete resolution. There was no correlation between OSA severity and tonsil or adenoid size (P >. 32).ConclusionTonsil size did not correlate with OSA severity. While a larger proportion of patients classified as 3+ and 4+ had complete resolution after surgery, significant improvement was seen in AI and saturation nadir even in those classified as 2+.
Endovenous laser ablation is an effective treatment for great saphenous vein incompetence in teenagers
Authors: Terlecki Piotr , Przywara Stanislaw , Iłżecki Marek , Terlecki Karol , Kawecki Piotr , Zubilewicz Tomasz 
Published: May 2015

Objectives The current knowledge of chronic venous disease in teenagers and its treatment is very limited. The aim of the study is to present our experience and the available literature data on the treatment of varicose veins in teenagers with endovenous laser ablation of the great saphenous vein. Methods Five patients, aged 15–17 years, were qualified for surgery, based on typical signs and symptoms of chronic venous disease. Minimally invasive treatment with endovenous laser ablation of the great saphenous vein was applied. Results The technical success of surgery was achieved in all patients. Over a 2-year follow-up we did not observe any case of recanalisation of the great saphenous vein, recurrence of varicose veins, or serious complications, such as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. One patient presented with resolving of post-operative bruising, and two cases of local numbness were transient. Conclusions Endovenous laser ablation of the great saphenous vein in the treatment of chronic venous disease in teenagers is effective and safe. The method provides excellent cosmetic effects, very short recovery time and high levels of patient satisfaction.
Bilateral total hip replacement: periprosthetic pseudotumor collections are more prevalent in metal-on-metal implants compared to non-metal-on-metal ones
Authors: Slonimsky Einat , Kushnir Tammar , Kadar Assaf , Menahem Aharon , Grundshtein Alon , Dekel Shmuel , Eshed Iris 
Published: May 2015

Background Metal-on-metal (MoM) hip prostheses were shown to have high failure rates including the formation of periprosthetic cystic masses called periprosthetic pseudotumor collections (PPCs). Purpose To compare MRI prevalence and size of PPCs in patients after bilateral total-hip-replacement (THR) in which at least one hip was replaced by a MoM prosthesis. Material and Methods All sequential MRI examinations of patients with bilateral THR in which at least one is MoM (2010–2013) were retrospectively evaluated. MRIs were analyzed separately by two readers for the presence and size of PPCs. These were compared between MoM and non-MoM implants and between patients with unilateral or bilateral-MoM prostheses. Blood metal ion levels were also compared. Results Seventy hips of 35 patients (male:female ratio, 9:26; mean age, 64 years; age range, 35–82 years) were assessed. Sixteen patients (45%) underwent bilateral MoM-THRs and 19 (55%) had one MoM and the other non-MoM, yielding 51 MoM THRs and 19 non-MoM THRs. Twenty-eight PPCs were detected in 19 patients (54%): 26 in MoM THRs (51%) and two in non-MoM THRs (10.5%, P = 0.00009). The mean PPC volume in the MoM implants (107 mm3) was higher than that of the non-MoM implants (18 mm3, P = 0.49). Cobalt/chromium blood levels were 78 µg/L/25 µg/L for bilateral MoM THRs and 21 µg/L/10 µg/L for unilateral MoM implants ( P = 0.1 and 0.16, respectively). Conclusion PPCs are more prevalent in MoM THRs compared to non-MoM THRs. Larger PPC volumes and higher blood metal ion levels were detected in patients with bilateral MoM THRs compared to unilateral MoM THRs ( P > 0.05).