bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep Reconstruction of Ruthenate Perovskite Oxide Enables Efficient pH‐Universal Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Le Fuhe , Jia Wei , Shu Wanting , Lu Zhenjiang , Lv Yan , Wang Tao , Wu Xueyan , Yang Xue , Ma Fengyun , Jia Dianzeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDesigning highly efficient, stable, and pH‐universal perovskites for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is urgently needed yet remains a grand challenge. Herein, a titanium‐containing strontium ruthenate (SrTi0.5Ru0.5O3, STRO) is developed as an excellent HER electrocatalyst in a wide pH range. The introduction of Ti into SrRuO3 significantly reduces the size of STRO, endowing with a high reactivity that facilitates a deep surface‐reconstruction during HER. Furthermore, Sr2+ leaching triggered reconstruction leads to STRO breaking into tiny nanoparticles accompanied by high‐valence ruthenium (Ru) species reducing to metallic Ru. The generated active species, increased accessible sites, and improved electrical conductivity greatly boost HER. The reconstructed STRO displays remarkable HER activities with exceptional low overpotentials of 18, 24, and 55 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in 1 m KOH, 0.5 m H2SO4, and 1 m PBS, respectively, surpassing most perovskites reported previously and comparable to or even outperforming that of commercial Pt/C. Moreover, the STRO exhibits excellent stabilities over 200 h in alkaline and acidic media, superior to that of Pt/C. This work not only provides insights into structure reconstruction of perovskites during HER, but also opens new perspectives for developing high‐efficiency and pH‐universal electrocatalysts for future energy applications.
Robust Imidazopyridinium Covalent Organic Framework as Efficient Iodine Capturing Materials in Gaseous and Aqueous Environment
Authors: Matthys Gilles , Laemont Andreas , De Geyter Nathalie , Morent Rino , Lavendomme Roy , Van Der Voort Pascal 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe development of a high‐performing adsorbent that can capture both iodine vapor from volatile nuclear waste and traces of iodine species from water is an important challenge, especially in industrially relevant process conditions. This study introduces novel imidazopyridinium‐based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) through post‐modification of a picolinaldehyde‐based imine COF. These COFs demonstrate excellent iodine adsorption capacity, adsorption kinetics, and a high stability/recyclability in both vapor and water phases. Notably, one imidazopyridinium COF exhibits gaseous iodine uptake of 21 wt.% under dynamic adsorption conditions at 150 °C and a relative humidity of 50%, surpassing the performance of the currently used silver‐based zeolite adsorbents (Ag@MOR (17wt.%)). Additionally, the same imidazopyridinium COFs can efficiently remove iodine species at a low concentration from aqueous solution. Seawater containing triiodide ions treated under dynamic flow‐through conditions resulted in decreased concentrations down to the ppb level. The adsorption mechanisms for iodine and polyiodide species are elucidated for the imine COF and imidazopyridinium COFs; involving halogen bonding, hydrogen bonding, and charge‐transfer complexes.
Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon and Metal‐Nitrogen–Carbon Materials as Cathode Hosts for Li–S Batteries: Experimental Study and Mechanism Analysis
Authors: Huang Xingrun , Tang Yizhen , Wu Ying , Lin Zhan , Chen Chao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBoth nitrogen‐doped carbon (NC) and metal‐nitrogen‐carbon (MNC) materials have been extensively investigated in lithium‐sulfur batteries to alleviate the “shuttle effect”. MNC are generally synthesized using NC as the parent material, wherein nitrogen atoms in NC serve as the “bridge” to coordinate with metal atoms. So far, an important scientific issue has not been settled: does the introduction of metal sites into NC certainly enhance the Li–S battery performance? In this work, NC and MNC materials derived from the same precursor, a nitrogen‐rich porous polymer, are systematically compared as cathode hosts for Li–S battery through theoretical calculations and experimental investigation. Li–S cell with NC as the cathode sulfur host exhibits better cycle performance at low current densities (0.1 and 0.2C), whereas MNC materials predominate at higher current densities (such as 1C and 2C). Based on theoretical calculation and experimental results, it is concluded that the introduction of metal sites into NC through nitrogen bonding promoted the catalytic capability for faster sulfur redox reaction kinetics, whereas the adsorption energy toward polysulfides decreased. This work provides important guidance for more targeted design of advanced materials for lithium–sulfur battery application in the future.
Advanced 3D‐Printed Potassium Ammonium Vanadate/rGO Aerogel Cathodes for Durable and High‐Capacity Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Duan Zhixia , Zhang Xiaoling , Xu Junmin , Chu Ningning , Zhang Jinwei , Ji Mengfan , Wang Xinchang , Kong Dezhi , Wang Ye , Chu Paul K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA 3D‐printed oxygen‐vacancy‐rich potassium ammonium vanadate/reduced graphene oxide (KNVOv/rGO) microlattice aerogel is designed for the cathode in high‐performance K‐ion batteries (KIBs). The 3D‐printed KNVOv/rGO electrode with periodic submillimeter microchannels and interconnected printed filaments is composed of highly dispersed KNVOv nanobelts, wrinkled graphene nanoflakes, and abundant micropores. The well‐defined 3D porous microlattice structure of the rGO backbone not only provides the interconnected conductive 3D network and the required mechanical robustness but also facilitates the penetration of the liquid electrolyte into inner active sites, consequently ensuring a stable electrochemical environment for K‐ion intercalation/deintercalation within the KNVOv nanobelts. The 3D‐printed KNVOv/rGO microlattice aerogel electrode has a high discharge capacity of 109.3 mAh g−1 with a capacity retention rate of 92.6% after 200 cycles at 50 mA g−1 and maintains a discharge capacity of 75.8 mAh g−1 after 2000 cycles at 500 mA g−1. The flexible pouch‐type KIB battery consisting of the 3D‐printed KNVOv/rGO has good mechanical durability and retains a high specific capacity under different forms of deformation such as bending and folding. The results provide valuable insights into the integration of advanced 3D‐printed electrode materials into K‐ion batteries and the design of flexible and wearable energy storage devices.
High‐Strength and High‐Toughness Supramolecular Materials for Self‐Healing Triboelectric Nanogenerator
Authors: Yu Ning , Cheng Bingxu , Liu Yang , Wu Wei , Li Robert K. Y. , Liang Zihui , Cheng Fangchao , Zhao Hui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe development of self‐healing materials provides a new opportunity and challenge for advancing triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). However, the low strength and low toughness of self‐healing triboelectric materials often result in the deformation or breakage of TENG under high mechanical loads, thereby limiting their potential applications. Herein, a new strategy for fabricating self‐healing triboelectric materials is reported, which introduces cross‐linking networks with hydrogen bonds and metal coordination bonds. The desired high performance can be achieved by simply adjusting the molar ratio of the metal to the ligand. When the molar ratio is 1:2, the tensile strength, toughness, and elongation at break of the material reached 13.7 MPa, 76.9 MJ m−3, and 1321%, respectively. Furthermore, its self‐healing efficiency can reach 74% at 70 °C in 6 h. Working in contact‐separation mode, the electrical output can reach 164 V, 18.2 µA, 57.5 nC, with a maximum power density of 2.54 W m−2. Notably, even if it is sheared, the electrical output performances of TENG can be completely recovered to the original state. In addition, the developed TENG exhibits excellent output stability over 10 000 contact separation cycles. This study presents a promising approach for the development of stretchable smart generators.
Zirkulär und klimaeffektiv – das Studierendenhaus in Braunschweig
Authors: Oppe Matthias , Nowak Jana , Kummert Clea 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDer Neubau des Studierendenhauses an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig ist ein multifunktionaler Raum, der auf über 1000 m2 Platz für 200 Arbeitsplätze bietet. Konsequent ohne massive Wände ausgebildet, erlaubt das zweigeschossige Gebäude eine flexible Nutzung. Das innovative Tragwerkskonzept zeichnet sich durch eine hohe Ressourcen‐ und Emissionseffizienz aus und ist durch die Reversibilität des Primärtragwerks kreislaufgerecht geplant. Alle Bauteile sind leicht entfügbar und können nach der Lebenszeit des Gebäudes in gleicher oder variierter Kombination wieder bzw. weitergenutzt werden. Auch kann das modular entwickelte Tragsystem leicht erweitert, reduziert oder ergänzt werden.
Electromagnetic interference shielding behavior of flexible PVA composite made using betel nut husk biocarbon and steel microwire in E, F, I, and J band spectrum
Authors: Somasundaram K. , Uthayakumar G. S. , Bapu B. R. Tapas , Ponnusamy Muruganantham 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding behavior of a flexible polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite fabricated using betel nut husk biocarbon and steel microwire in the E, F, I, and J band spectrum. The incorporation of steel microwire into the PVA based composite is novel approach since it provides flexibility along with good mechanical strength. The fabrication process involves the solution casting method, and the composite is characterized according to American society of testing and materials (ASTM) standards. The research focuses on analyzing dielectric behavior, EMI shielding effectiveness, and mechanical properties. Results indicates that, the composite with 5 vol.% of biocarbon and 5 vol.% of micro metal wire, exhibits exceptional relative permittivity of 7.6, 6.9, 6.3, and 1.5 for E, F, I, and J frequency bands and same composition delivers exceptional electromagnetic shielding with total shielding values of 17.7 dB, 25.5 dB, 31.7 dB, and 38.6 dB for E, F, I, and J frequency bands. In mechanical characteristics, composite with 5 vol.% of biocarbon and 5 vol.% of micro metal wire, exhibits high tensile strength of 73 MPa with lower elongation percentage of 109.2% and shore‐D hardness of 40, respectively. Thus, the inclusion of betel nut husk biocarbon and steel microwire into the PVA matrix enhanced the overall EMI shielding properties along with mechanical properties. These flexible EMI shielding composites could be used in applications such as defense, telecommunication, drones, and electronic gadget making segments.Highlights
Flexible polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite is made with steel microwire and betel nut husk biocarbon.
Biocarbon is derived from betel nut husk for first time and used as EM wave absorber.
Composites were made via simple solution casting method for high flexibility index.
Composite contains 5 vol.% biocarbon and 5 vol.% micro metal wire, shows high relative permittivity 7.6 for E frequency bands.
The composites have high tensile strength of 73 MPa with a low elongation percentage of 109.2% and a shore‐D hardness of 40.
Mapping out a direction: India's G20 presidency propels global promotion of traditional medicine
Authors: Singh Preet Amol , Bajwa Neha , Hazra Subhajit , Chandan Arun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTraditional and complementary medicine has always aided the global population in managing various ailments and its role has been acknowledged by World Health Organization. The G20 is the leading global platform for economic collaboration, influencing international policies across sectors such as agriculture, culture, the digital economy, education, employment, finance, and health to guide resilient global strategies. This study highlights conversations within the health working group of the Sherpa track, focusing in particular on traditional medicines and their diverse intersecting aspects. The information was collected from publications by G20 Indian presidency including G20 communications, think tanks (T20), press releases, speeches, and policy briefs. Throughout four health working group meetings, two side events organized by the Ministry of Ayush, and three joint health‐finance task force meetings, key topics discussed included digital health, Universal Health Coverage, Medical Value Travel through wellness tourism, a One‐Health approach, primary healthcare, Yoga, biodiversity, access and benefit sharing of natural resources, and scientific evidence—all of which were connected to traditional medicines. Unlike past G20 presidencies, the Indian G20 presidency recognize the importance of traditional medicines, marking renewed cooperation in this area. The “Gujrat Declaration 2023” must act as a guiding beacon for crafting robust policies concerning traditional medicines on a global scale. The Ministry of Ayush has excelled in advancing traditional medicine systems across all its sectors through well‐organized and intellectually enriching discussions. Upcoming G20 presidencies should build on the discussions about traditional medicine initiated by the Indian presidency and elevate them to new heights. Considering traditional medicine's unique logic, principals, validity, and largescale patient dependency, efforts should be made to form a dedicated sub‐working group within the health working group to delve deeper into the subject.
Risk factors for conversion to total hip arthroplasty after acetabular fractures
Authors: Christiaans Colin , Hoogmoet Sepp , Rijnen Wim , Stirler Vincent , Hermans Erik 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To identify acetabular fracture patterns classified according to Letournel that are at risk of conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Design
A retrospective cohort study.

Setting
A Level-I trauma center.

Patients/ Participants
Patients with an acetabular fracture, classified according to Letournel who were treated with ORIF (n = 280).

Interventions
Various surgical treatments for acetabular fractures.

Main outcome measure
The primary outcome was the rate of conversion to total hip arthroplasty.

Results
In this study, an overall conversion rate to THA of 13.9% within 2.2 years after initial surgery was found. Multivariate analysis revealed that several factors, namely, T-shaped fracture patterns (OR: 7.5, 95% CI 1.9–28.8, p = 0.003) and residual displacement (> 2 mm) (OR: 3.7, 95% CI 1.6–8.5, p = 0.002) are associated with an increased risk of conversion to THA. Furthermore, the risk of conversion to THA increases with 4.7% per gained year of age (OR: 1.047, 95% CI 1.0-1.1, p = 0,001). Other fracture patterns classified according to Letournel were not found to be independent risk factors.

Conclusion
The presence of T-shaped fracture patterns is found to be an independent risk factor for conversion to THA. Furthermore, age and degree of reduction are found to be independent risk factors, which is in line with existing literature. These finding should be taken into account when treating patients with T-shaped acetabular fractures.

Level of evidence
Prognostic study level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The effect of prenatal exposure to Ramadan on human capital: evidence from Turkey
Authors: Aydilek Gokben , Karaoğlan Deniz 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aims to analyze the effect of prenatal exposure to certain nutritional disruptions in utero on human capital formation. In order to resolve the endogeneity driven by maternal dietary deficiencies, we use the Islamic holy month of Ramadan, during which observers abstain from eating and drinking entirely from sunrise to sunset, as a natural experiment to assess the effects of fetal malnourishment on educational and labor market outcomes. We compare schooling and employment measures of individuals who are prenatally exposed to Ramadan with those who are not using the 2016 round of the Turkish Family Structure Survey dataset. Our results indicate that men who are exposed to Ramadan in utero in the first or third trimester complete 0.53 fewer years of schooling and are less likely to obtain middle school, high school, and college degrees. These effects are stronger when Ramadan coincides with summer.
Optimized methods for measuring competitive binding of chemical substances to thyroid hormone distributor proteins transthyretin and thyroxine binding globulin
Authors: Shen Yang , Bovee Toine F. H. , Molenaar Douwe , Weide Yoran , Nolles Antsje , Braucic Mitrovic Carmen , van Leeuwen Stefan P. J. , Louisse Jochem , Hamers Timo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTransthyretin (TTR) and thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) are two major thyroid hormone (TH) distributor proteins in human plasma, playing important roles in stabilizing the TH levels in plasma, delivery of TH to target tissues, and trans-barrier transport. Binding of xenobiotics to these distributor proteins can potentially affect all these three important roles of distributor proteins. Therefore, fast and cost-effective experimental methods are required for both TTR and TBG to screen both existing and new chemicals for their potential binding. In the present study, the TTR-binding assay was therefore simplified, optimized and pre-validated, while a new TBG-binding assay was developed based on fluorescence polarization as a readout. Seven model compounds (including positive and negative controls) were tested in the pre-validation study of the optimized TTR-binding assay and in the newly developed TBG-binding assay. The dissociation constants of the natural ligand (thyroxine, T4) and potential competitors were determined and compared between two distributor proteins, showing striking differences for perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA).
Exploring pulmonary involvement in newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriatic arthritis: a single center study
Authors: Schäfer Valentin Sebastian , Winter Lone , Skowasch Dirk , Bauer Claus-Jürgen , Pizarro Carmen , Weber Marcel , Kütting Daniel , Behning Charlotte , Brossart Peter , Petzinna Simon Michael 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objectives
This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence, manifestation, and risk factors of pulmonary involvement in newly diagnosed, untreated rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients, and to evaluate the efficacy of various diagnostic tools in screening for pulmonary involvement.

Methods
Untreated, newly diagnosed patients with RA and PsA underwent an extensive multimodal diagnostic approach including clinical and laboratory assessment, pulmonary function tests, and chest radiography.

Results
We recruited 50 arthritis patients (26 RA, 24 PsA) and 26 control subjects. Respiratory symptoms were found in 36.0 % of arthritis patients and 11.5 % of controls (p = 0.031). Pathologically reduced breathing width (< 3.0 cm) was significantly more common in arthritis patients (64.0 %) than in controls (23.1 %) (p < 0.001). Pulmonary function test results did not differ significantly between groups. Chest radiography revealed pulmonary involvement in 37.0 % of arthritis patients, higher in RA (50.0 %) than in PsA (22.7 %). Notably, only 35.3 % of arthritis patients with radiographic pulmonary involvement were symptomatic, with 64.7 % being asymptomatic. Radiographic pulmonary involvement was associated with advanced age (p = 0.002) and increased rheumatoid factor levels (p = 0.024).

Conclusion
Our research underscores the significant prevalence of largely asymptomatic pulmonary involvement in newly diagnosed RA and PsA patients. These findings highlight the importance of an early, multidisciplinary screening approach, particularly for high-risk individuals. Further large-scale studies are needed to develop comprehensive screening protocols to improve early detection and treatment of pulmonary involvement in arthritis.
Two-dye two-color laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy on droplets of green solvent water/ethanol mixtures for thermometry and mixture composition
Authors: Ulrich Hannah , Weiß Richard , Zigan Lars 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis work shows new insights on the application of two-color laser-induced-fluorescence (2c-LIF) thermometry in a droplet chain. A two-dye mixture is used in ethanol, water and ethanol/water mixtures in order to reach a high-temperature sensitivity and avoid the detection of lasing effects in the droplets. Various droplet sizes are recorded in regard to the limitation of the detection system for very small micrometric droplets. The breakup of a droplet chain is measured to assess the spectral detection system in applications with liquid structures of different sizes. Additionally, a proposal to expand the 2c-LIF application for studying ethanol/water droplets regarding mixture composition with a third color channel is presented. Forming two intensity ratios, the spectra can be used to obtain information on the mixture composition of the solvent. Measurements in different ethanol/water mixtures containing 0–100 vol% water are evaluated to show this possibility.
Eicosapentaenoic acid administration ameliorates the progression of liver fibrosis after laparoscopic Kasai portoenterostomy
Authors: Sumida Wataru , Tainaka Takahisa , Shirota Chiyoe , Makita Satoshi , Amano Hizuru , Yasui Akihiro , Maeda Takuya , Kato Daiki , Goda Yosuke , Ishii Hiroki , Ota Kazuki , Yaohui Guo , Jiahui Liu , Hinoki Akinari , Uchida Hiroo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Biliary atresia (BA) poses a persistent challenge characterized by ongoing liver inflammation and subsequent fibrosis even after the clearance of jaundice (COJ). This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in alleviating liver inflammation and limiting fibrosis during the post-COJ phase of BA.

Methods
Among the BA patients undergoing laparoscopic Kasai portoenterostomy (lapKP) between December 2016 and October 2021, EPA (20–40 mg/kg/day) was administered orally to those whose parents consented. The study included patients from January 2014 to October 2021, classifying them into two groups: EPA-treated (Group E) and untreated (Group N). Their liver fibrosis and clinical course at 1 and 2 years post-lapKP were compared.

Results
Group E consisted of 25 patients, while Group N comprised 32 patients. Twenty-one patients in Group E and 25 patients in Group N achieved COJ (p = 0.74). Among jaundice-free patients at 1 and 2 years post-lapKP, Group E exhibited significantly lower M2BPGi levels and platelet counts, and Group E showed a significant reduction in Aminotransferase-to-Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) at 2 years post-lapKP.

Conclusion
Although EPA administration did not improve COJ, it attenuated the progression of liver fibrosis during the 2 years following lapKP in jaundice-free patients.
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