bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A molecular phylogeny and classification of the Cteniinae, Farragininae, Gouiniinae, Gymnopogoninae, Perotidinae, and Trichoneurinae (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae)
Authors: Peterson Paul M. , Romaschenko Konstantin , Arrieta Yolanda Herrera 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe classification of twenty Cynodonteae genera (Bewsia, Craspedorhachis, Ctenium, Dignathia, Farrago, Gouinia, Gymnopogon, Latipes, Leptocarydion, Leptothrium, Lophacme, Lopholepis, Mosdenia, Perotis, Schenckochloa, Toliara, Trichoneura, Trigonochloa, Triplasis, Vaseyochloa) has been poorly understood. The goals of this study were to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the tribe Cynodonteae, emphasizing these twenty genera using molecular data with increased species sampling. A phylogenetic analysis was conducted on 159 samples, of which 94 species (140 individuals) were in the Cynodonteae, using four plastid (rpl32‐trnL spacer, ndhA intron, rps16‐trnK spacer, rps16 intron) and nuclear ITS 1&2 (ribosomal internal transcribed spacer regions) sequences to infer evolutionary relationships and revise the classification. Strong support was found for six lineages. Craspedorhachis, Ctenium, Dignathia, Gymnopogon, Trichoneura, and Triplasis appear monophyletic; Leptothrium is paraphyletic with Latipes inermis embedded within; Perotis is paraphyletic with Lopholepis and Toliara embedded within; and Gouinia is monophyletic with the resurrection of Schenckochloa. The molecular results support the recognition of six subtribes; five (Cteniinae, Farragininae, Gymnopogoninae, Perotidinae, Trichoneurinae) are newly described. A new genus, Tridentopsis, is described; five new combinations, Leptothrium inerme, Perotis arenacea, Perotis ornithocephala, Tridentopsis eragrostoides, and Tridentopsis mutica are made; and Holboellia ornithocephala is lectotypified.
Microsatellites facilitate species delimitation in Congolese Ancistrocladus (Ancistrocladaceae), a genus with pharmacologically potent naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids
Authors: Turini Florian G. , Steinert Claudia , Heubl Günther , Bringmann Gerhard , Lombe B. Kimbadi , Mudogo Virima , Meimberg Harald 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAncistrocladus (Ancistrocladaceae) is an Old World genus of woody lianas, occurring in tropical Africa and Southeast Asia. Its species produce a number of structurally unique naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids with promising activities against the pathogens of tropical infectious diseases and against HIV. Species identification for phytochemical and pharmacological research is difficult because diagnostic reproductive features are frequently not available. Using enrichment and subcloning, and a 454 shotgun sequencing technique with semi‐automatized SSR motif screening, we have successfully developed a set of primers that amplify microsatellite loci across most Ancistrocladus species. The primers are designed to support species identification of indeterminate samples. Twelve markers from a total of 99 tested loci were identified as suitable for cross‐species amplification. The markers produced distinct species clusters in a STRUCTURE analysis and a principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) based on a test sampling consisting of 21 samples from six different Ancistrocladus species. When applied to 74 samples of Ancistrocladus congolensis s.l., a complex of morphologically similar species from tropical Central Africa, these markers showed medium to high variability in ten populations. A STRUCTURE analysis of the A. congolensis s.l. samples revealed five distinct clusters, confirming three of the five taxonomically recognized units and also indicating the presence of a hitherto unrecognized species in the region. The taxonomic status of the recently described new species A. ileboensis is supported by our results. The novel microsatellite markers developed in this study enable rapid screening of samples and provide an efficient tool for species identification and detection of cryptic taxa.
Two new genera of Gentianinae (Gentianaceae): Sinogentiana and Kuepferia supported by molecular phylogenetic evidence
Authors: Favre Adrien , Matuszak Sabine , Sun Hang , Liu Ende , Yuan Yong-Ming , Muellner-Riehl Alexandra N. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractSubtribe Gentianinae, encompassing Gentiana, Tripterospermum, Metagentiana and Crawfurdia, represents one of the most species‐rich clades of Gentianaceae. Only a few taxonomic uncertainties have remained at generic level in subtribe Gentianinae: the inclusion of Gentiana sect. Otophora in Gentiana, and the polyphyletic nature of Metagentiana. In both cases, data were lacking in earlier studies to resolve ambiguities and provide the baseline for a solid taxonomic treatment of these lineages. For the present study, we increased the number of species sequenced for Gentiana sect. Otophora and Metagentiana, using a combination of nuclear (ITS) and plastid (trnL‐F, atpB‐rbcL) markers. We reconstructed phylogenetic relationships in Gentianinae conducting maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses. Our results show that Gentiana sect. Otophora is monophyletic and more closely related to Metagentiana than to Gentiana. We suggest excluding Gentiana sect. Otophora from Gentiana and elevating this group to the rank of genus described here under the name Kuepferia. Metagentiana is monophyletic when excluding two species, M. striata and M. souliei, here described as the new genus Sinogentiana.
Genetic and morphological diversity of Sphagnum angustifolium, S. flexuosum and S. fallax in Europe
Authors: Szurdoki Erzsébet , Márton Orsolya , Szövényi Péter 
Published: April 2014

AbstractMolecular and morphological evolution of species may be decoupled which can lead to contrasting delimitation of taxonomic units based on morphological and genetic characters. The moss genus Sphagnum (peat mosses) provides a good example in which morphological and genetic characters often contradict each other. We investigated morphological and genetic variability within a highly polymorphic and taxonomically controversial species complex of the genus Sphagnum in order to reveal the ultimate causes of discordance between morphology and molecular evolution. Specifically, we aimed at addressing the following questions: (1) Are the three closely related European taxa (S. angustifolium, S. fallax, S. flexuosum) of the S. recurvum group morphologically and genetically distinct entities? (2) Are morphological and genetic groups concordant? (3) Is there any sign of hybridization among taxa that might complicate their morphological delimitation? We show that European specimens of the S. recurvum group form three distinct gene pools based on 11 polymorphic microsatellite markers. Individuals defined as morphotype “fallax” appear to be genetically clearly distinct from both morphotype “angustifolium” and “flexuosum”. However, for the latter two morphotypes, traditionally used morphological and genetic markers provide partly incongruent taxonomic delimitations. We show that in about 13% of the accessions 12 traditionally used morphological characters cannot fully distinguish the genetic groups revealed. Our genetic analysis also reveals that only a low proportion of the specimens (3%) is admixed suggesting that hybridization is unlikely to explain the taxonomical controversies observed. Therefore, we hypothesize that taxonomic controversies are likely due to the extreme phenotypic plasticity of morphological characters rather than to porous species boundaries.
Molecular phylogenetic and morphological affinities of Adiantum senae (Pteridaceae)
Authors: Schuettpelz Eric , Davila Alex , Prado Jefferson , Hirai Regina Y. , Yatskievych George 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAdiantum senae, a diminutive fern nearly restricted to southern Brazil, was described by Baker in 1885. In subsequent Floras, it was either completely overlooked or simply retained in the maidenhair genus Adiantum. However, a molecular phylogenetic analysis and a thorough morphological evaluation clearly demonstrate that this species does not belong in this genus. We find strong molecular support for the inclusion of A. senae within the cheilanthoid genus Adiantopsis, as a rather isolated lineage resolved as sister to the large, generally echinate‐spored clade. The position of sporangia in A. senae—along the vein tips of the main laminar tissue rather than on the abaxial tissue of the pseudoindusia—confirms the separation of this species from Adiantum, and the presence of arachnoid‐echinulate spores reinforces its resolved position within Adiantopsis. Based on the sum of this evidence, we here provide a new combination, Adiantopsis senae (Baker) Schuettp. & A.Davila. Additionally, we designate a lectotype for A. senae, as well as for a later synonym.
Phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic genus Holocheila (Lamiaceae) inferred from plastid DNA sequences
Authors: Chen Ya-Ping , Li Bo , Olmstead Richard G. , Cantino Philip D. , Liu En-De , Xiang Chun-Lei 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe monotypic genus Holocheila was originally placed in Teucrium sect. Holocheila but was later treated as a distinct genus and variably affiliated with subfamilies Ajugoideae, Scutellarioideae, or Lamioideae. We investigated the phylogenetic position of this enigmatic genus using likelihood, parsimony, and Bayesian methods based on six plastid DNA sequences. The preliminary results from a concatenated ndhF and rbcL dataset that covered all seven subfamilies of Lamiaceae suggested that Holocheila is part of subfamily Lamioideae. To examine its position within Lamioideae more thoroughly, a dataset was assembled that included representatives of 59 of the 63 genera of Lamioideae and data for four genetic markers: trnL intron, trnL‐trnF spacer, rps16 and matK. The results showed that Holocheila is part of tribe Pogostemoneae. Glossy mericarps and unilocular anthers are apomorphies that Holocheila shares with some members of Pogostemoneae. The genera Acrymia and Cymaria, which have been considered incertae sedis, were found to be the closest relatives of Lamioideae. Four other incertae sedis genera (Garrettia, Hymenopyramis, Peronema, Petraeovitex) appear to form a clade that is sister to the clade comprising Lamioideae, Acrymia, Cymaria, and Scutellarioideae.
Coleus barbatus Benth and Ocimum basilicum L. (Lamiaceae), New Host Plants to Spodoptera cosmioides (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Sinop, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil
Authors: Pires Evaldo Martins , Manica Clovis Luiz de Moraes , Nogueira Roberta Martins , Carneiro Jeandson da Silva , Rodrigues William Costa , Soares Marcus Alvarenga 
Published: April 2014

Coleus barbatus Benth and Ocimum basilicum L. are plants species commonly used for medicinal and gastronomic purposes, respectively. Caterpillars of the Spodoptera genus are generalists due to the wide variety of plants species used as food souce. The aim of this research was record the occurrence of Spodoptera cosmioides (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Sinop, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, and also record C. barbatus and O. basilicum as potencial host plants for this insect species. It is recommended attention in inclusion of S. cosmiodides in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) of this plant species.
Coleus barbatus Benth e Ocimum basilicum L. (Lamiaceae): Novas Plantas Hospedeiras para Spodoptera cosmioides (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) em Sinop, Estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil

Resumo. Coleus barbatus Benth e Ocimum basilicum L. são espécies de plantas comumente utilizadas com fins medicinais e gastronômicos, respectivamente. Lagartas do gênero Spodoptera são generalistas devido à ampla variedade de plantas que utilizam como recurso alimentar. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi registrar a ocorrência de Spodoptera cosmioides (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) no município de Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brasil, e ainda, relatar C. barbatus e O. basilicum como potenciais plantas hospedeiras para esta espécie de inseto. Recomenda-se ainda a inclusão de S. cosmioides em monitoramentos visando o Manejo Integrado de Pragas (MIP) nestas plantas.
La aparición de Thyrinteina arnobia (Stoll) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) de Eucalyptus y su depredación por Zelus armillatus (Lepeletier y Serville) (Reduviidae: Harpactorinae)
Authors: Barreto Marliton Rocha , Mojena Pastor Amador 
Published: April 2014

Los lepidópteros más importantes para el cultivo de los eucaliptos son los defoliadores y en Brasil, algunas especies se encuentran desde el estado de Amazona hasta Rio Grande del Sur. Thyrinteina arnobia arnobia (Stoll) (Lepidóptera: Geometridae) se cita como el lepidóptero defoliador más importante en Brasil y algunas especies depredadoras de la familia Reduviidae están asociados con diversos cultivos forestales. En este estudio se registra la ocurrencia de Zelus armillatus (Lepeletier & Serville) depredando a T. arnobia en plantaciones de eucaliptus en la ciudad de Sorriso, estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil.
Registration of Thyrinteina arnobia arnobia (Stoll) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) in Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae) in Sorriso, Mato Grosso and its predation by Zelus armillatus (Lepeletier & Serville) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae)

Abstract. The most important lepidopterans for eucalyptus crop are called defoliators. In Brazil, some species occur from the Amazônia to Rio Grande do Sul State and Thyrinteina arnobia arnobia (Stoll) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) is cited as the most important lepidopteran defoliator in Brazil and some predatory species of the family Reduviidae are associated with various forest crops. Thus, this study recorded the ocorrence of Zelus armillatus (Lepeletier & Serville) preying T. arnobia in eucaliptus crop in Sorriso city, Mato Grosso state, Brazil.
First Medicolegal Forensic Entomology Case of Central Amazon: A Suicide by Hanging with Incomplete Suspension
Authors: Souza Eduardo Rodrigues de , Rafael José Albertino , Filho Francisco Felipe Xavier , Da-Silva-Freitas Juliana Oliveira , Oliveira-Costa Janyra , Ururahy-Rodrigues Alexandre 
Published: April 2014

This report describes the first medicolegal forensic entomology case of Central Amazon. A suicide by hanging took place in a “terra firme” primary forest on an upland plateau. The postmortem interval estimation was calculated on the basis of the biology of the blow fly Hemilucilia segmentaria (Fabricius) and also on the ecological succession pattern of the silphid beetle Oxelytrum cayennense (Sturm). This is the first case where the ecological information of a beetle was used as a forensic indicator in Brazil. Preliminary studies in the urban area of the city of Manaus, state of Amazonas, and in similar habitats of primary forest in the Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, close to where the case occurred, were instrumental in helping the postmortem interval estimation.
Primeiro Caso de Entomologia Médico-legal da Amazônia Central: Um Suicídio por Enforcamento com Suspensão Incompleta

Resumo. Este relato descreve o primeiro caso de entomologia forense médico-legal na Amazônia Central. Um suicídio por enforcamento ocorrido em um platô de “terra firme” em floresta primária. A estimativa de intervalo pós-morte foi calculada com base na biologia da mosca varejeira Hemilucilia segmentaria (Fabricius) e também pelo padrão de sucessão ecológica do besouro silfídeo Oxelytrum cayennense (Sturm). Este é o primeiro caso onde as informações ecológicas de um besouro foram usadas como indicador forense no Brasil. Estudos preliminares realizados em área urbana na cidade de Manaus e em hábitat semelhante em floresta primária, na Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, próximo do local onde o caso ocorreu, foram fundamentais para ajudar para a estimativa do intervalo pós-morte.
Product Fit Uncertainty in Online Markets: Nature, Effects, and Antecedents
Authors: Hong Yili (Kevin) , Pavlou Paul A. 
Published: April 2014

Product fit uncertainty (defined as the degree to which a consumer cannot assess whether a product's attributes match her preference) is proposed to be a major impediment to online markets with costly product returns and lack of consumer satisfaction. We conceptualize the nature of product fit uncertainty as an information problem and theorize its distinct effect on product returns and consumer satisfaction (versus product quality uncertainty), particularly for experience (versus search) goods without product familiarity. To reduce product fit uncertainty, we propose two Internet-enabled systems—website media (visualization systems) and online product forums (collaborative shopping systems)—that are hypothesized to attenuate the effect of product type (experience versus search goods) on product fit uncertainty. Hypotheses that link experience goods to product returns through the mediating role of product fit uncertainty are tested with analyses of a unique data set composed of secondary data matched with primary direct data from numerous consumers who had recently participated in buy-it-now auctions. The results show the distinction between product fit uncertainty and quality uncertainty as two distinct dimensions of product uncertainty and interestingly show that, relative to product quality uncertainty, product fit uncertainty has a significantly stronger effect on product returns. Notably, whereas product quality uncertainty is mainly driven by the experience attributes of a product, product fit uncertainty is mainly driven by both experience attributes and lack of product familiarity. The results also suggest that Internet-enabled systems are differentially used to reduce product (fit and quality) uncertainty. Notably, the use of online product forums is shown to moderate the effect of experience goods on product fit uncertainty, and website media are shown to attenuate the effect of experience goods on product quality uncertainty. The results are robust to econometric specifications and estimation methods. The paper concludes by stressing the importance of reducing the increasingly prevalent information problem of product fit uncertainty in online markets with the aid of Internet-enabled systems.
Are People Risk Vulnerable?
Authors: Beaud Mickael , Willinger Marc 
Published: April 2014

We report on a within-subject experiment, with substantial monetary incentives, designed to test whether or not people are risk vulnerable. In the experiment, subjects face the standard portfolio choice problem in which the investor has to allocate part of his wealth between one safe asset and one risky asset. We elicit risk vulnerability by observing each subject's portfolio choice in two different contexts that differ only by the presence or absence of an actuarially neutral background risk. Our main result is that most of the subjects are risk vulnerable: 81% chose a less risky portfolio when exposed to background risk. More precisely, 47% invested a strictly smaller amount in the risky asset, whereas 34% were indifferent. Furthermore, contrasting the predictions provided by competing decision-theoretic models, we conclude that expected utility theory best fits our experimental data. This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.
Risk of Rupture and Risks of Endovascular Management of Unruptured Brain Arteriovenous Malformations
Authors: Shen Xun , Liu Jie , Lv Xianli , Li Youxiang 
Published: April 2014

This study reports the natural history of unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) and the risks involved in their endovascular management. A total of 242 patients at our center were enrolled in the study, which had retrospective and prospective components. We retrospectively assessed the morbidity and mortality related to endovascular management in 125 patients with unruptured AVMs. We prospectively assessed the natural history of unruptured AVMs in 117 patients with newly diagnosed unruptured AVMs; 48 of the patients had no history of seizure (Group 1), whereas 69 had a history of seizure from the lesion (Group 2). The retrospective group was also divided into patients with and without seizures. The cumulative rate of rupture of AVMs in Group 2 was less than 0.8% per year, while the rate was approximately sixfold higher (5.1% per year) in Group 1. The overall cumulative rate of rupture of AVMs was less than 3.0% per year. The overall rate of endovascular management-related morbidity and mortality was 10.6% in Group 2 and 11.9% in Group 1 at 30 days and was 25.9% and 13.6%, respectively, at one year. There was no independent predictor of a poor endovascular outcome. The likelihood of rupture of unruptured AVMs was exceedingly low among patients in Group 2 and was substantially higher among those in Group 1. The risk of morbidity and mortality related to endovascular management greatly exceeded the six-year risk of rupture among patients in Group 2. Endovascular management of an AVM should not be performed to eliminate or to improve seizure frequency.
Microcatheter Looping Facilitates Access to Both the Acutely Angled Parent Artery and Cerebral Aneurysms for Effective Embolization
Authors: Li Cong-Hui , Ye Jian-Ya , Su Xian-Hui , Yang Lei , Zhang Dong-Liang , Zhang Bo , Zhang Er-Wei , Han Yong-Feng , Yang Song-Tao , Gao Bu-Lang 
Published: April 2014

Aneurysms with an acutely angled parent artery are difficult to access for coiling. This study aimed to investigate the safety and effectiveness of microcatheter looping for embolization of cerebral aneurysms with access difficulty. Ten patients (male:female=5:5) with cerebral aneurysms treated with the microcatheter looping technique were analyzed retrospectively. The parent artery formed an acute angle with the major artery in five aneurysms. The microcatheter was looped into a “α” loop for treatment in the anterior temporal artery aneurysm and a “U” loop in the remaining nine aneurysms. All ten aneurysms were successfully treated with the microcatheter looping technique. The microcatheter tip was successfully navigated into the aneurysm sac and remained stable throughout the embolization process. All aneurysms were occluded with total occlusion in five and near-total occlusion in five, and the parent artery remained patent in all cases. No complications occurred peri-procedurally. The Glasgow Outcome Scale was 5 in all patients before discharge. Follow-up angiography six to 12 months later revealed a good occlusion status of the aneurysms. The microcatheter looping technique is effective when the conventional embolization technique fails to treat cerebral aneurysms with difficult access especially when the parent artery forming an acute angle with the major artery exacerbates difficult access to the aneurysms.
Histologic Evidence of the Ability of Dermal Allograft to Function as a Barrier During Guided Bone Regeneration: A Case Report
Authors: Tarnow Dennis P. , Fletcher Paul 
Published: April 2014

Introduction: Clinical reports have been published using acellular dermal matrix (ADM) as a barrier for guided bone regeneration (GBR) procedures. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first known case report that demonstrates histologically in humans that it can successfully function in this capacity.Case Presentation: GBR, using tenting screws, bovine bone xenograft, cancellous allograft, and acellular dermal allograft as a membrane, was performed to augment a significant horizontal and vertical ridge deficiency in the area of teeth #7 and #8 of a 47‐year‐old female. At the time of reentry, a bone‐like material was evident to the top of the screw heads. Before the placement of an implant in tooth site #8, a sample of the calcified material was removed from the edentulous ridge over tooth site #7 and was sent for histologic analysis.Conclusions: The histologic results confirmed that formation of new bone was evident, indicating that ADM likely functioned as a barrier and allowed for GBR during the healing process. Because dermal matrix is also successfully used for soft tissue ridge augmentation, practitioners now have an allograft material that can serve a dual function and is available in unlimited supply.