bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reference Values of Fetal Peak Systolic Velocity in the Middle Cerebral Artery at 19–40 Weeks of Gestation in Nepalese Population
Authors: Shrestha U , Shrestha I , Ghimire RK , Paudel S 
Published: February 2014

Aims: The purpose of this study was to construct new reference range for fetal middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV) in uncomplicated pregnancy at 19-40 weeks of gestation. Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study involving 400 singleton pregnancies between 19 and 40 weeks of gestation without any known risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcome who were referred for routine obstetric examination. The protocol included the doppler examination of fetal middle cerebral artery (MCA) within 2 mm after its origin from the internal carotid artery and data were used to construct the normograms and percentile fitted curves of each doppler parameter for different gestational age. Results: Among 400 singleton uncomplicated pregnancies between 19 and 40 weeks of gestation maximum number of pregnancies (10%) was at 19 weeks of gestation and minimum (2.5%) was at 31 weeks. The fetal peak systolic blood flow in the MCA showed significant correlation with period of gestation. Mean MCA-PSV was 22.35 ± 3.05 at 19 weeks of gestation which increased to 67.73 ± 9.92 at 40 weeks. The MCA-PSV showed continuous increment with increasing gestational age.Conclusions: Continuous increment in the peak systolic volume with advancing gestational age was obtained which was consistent with the previous studies done by various authors. The percentile fitted values and normograms will be valuable for the serial measurement of the peak systolic volume of the middle cerebral artery for complicated pregnancies.Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology / Vol 8 / No. 2 / Issue 16 / July-Dec, 2013 / 42-45 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v8i2.9769
Overview of Eclampsia at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Shakya B , Vaidya A 
Published: February 2014

Aims: The aim was to study about the morbidity and mortality of eclampsia cases at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods: This is a retrospective study undertaken at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal on 45 eclampsia cases between14 April 2010 to 16 July 2011. Results: Out of 31,674 obstetric admissions, 45 (0.14%) were eclampsia cases of which 42.2% belonged to 20 - <25 years and 28.8% in 17- <20 years age group occurring mostly in primipara (71.1%). Antepartum and postpartum eclampsia were 77.7% and 22.2% respectively. Majority of them presented at 36-40 weeks’(46.6%), unbooked cases being 80% and 20% had antenatal check-up at this hospital. The diastolic blood pressure on admission recorded was 110-130 mmHg (55.5%), headache being the most common symptom(53.3%), blurred vision (22.2%), HELLP syndrome (4.4%) and urine albumin 3+ (46.6%) at the time of admission. Magnesium sulphate was used as anticonvulsant, loading and maintenance dose (40%) and only as loading dose (33.3%). Though fetal outcome was normal in 44.4% cases, rest were premature (24.4%), intrauterine growth restriction (17.7%) and intrauterine fetal demise (13.3%). Three (6.6%) cases were referred to multidisciplinary center. Maternal mortality occurred in two (4.4%) cases (cardiopulmonary arrest and prolonged hypoxia). Conclusions: When patients with eclampsia presented late, significant morbidity like HELLP syndrome, renal failure and central nervous disorder occurred and muti-organ damage leading to maternal mortality.Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology / Vol 8 / No. 2 / Issue 16 / July-Dec, 2013 / 46-49 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v8i2.9770
Aggressive Angiomyxoma of Vulva
Authors: Iyengar RS , Padrasmi R 
Published: February 2014

No abstract available.Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology / Vol 8 / No. 2 / Issue 16 / July-Dec, 2013 / 77-79 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v8i2.9780
Numerical Model for Dynamic Compaction of Sand Reclamations
Authors: Mao Jia , Cai Xinyuan , Tian Hongqing 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The dynamic compaction method was used to analyze the consolidation of the railway foundation. Based on the physical characteristics of sands, an extended model was proposed by soil tests. This model is powerful for investigations of mechanical behaviour of sands under the dynamic compactions. By comparing with the experimental results, it is indicated that the dynamic compaction was an effective method for understanding the consolidation of railway foundations, moreover, the numerical model based on the infinite element analysis was a powerful tool to find the practical conditions without boundary reflection under the dynamic compactions.
Origin, timing, and gene expression profile of adventitious rooting in Arabidopsis hypocotyls and stems
Authors: Welander Margareta , Geier Thomas , Smolka Anders , Ahlman Annelie , Fan Jing , Zhu Li‐Hua 
Published: February 2014

• Premise of the study: Adventitious root (AR) formation is indispensable for vegetative propagation, but difficult to achieve in many crops. Understanding its molecular mechanisms is thus important for such species. Here we aimed at developing a rooting protocol for direct AR formation in stems, locating cellular AR origins in stems and exploring molecular differences underlying adventitious rooting in hypocotyls and stems.• Methods: In‐vitro‐grown hypocotyls or stems of wild‐type and transgenic ecotype Columbia (Col‐0) of Arabidopsis thaliana were rooted on rooting media. Anatomy of AR formation, qRT‐PCR of some rooting‐related genes and in situ GUS expression were carried out during rooting from hypocotyls and stems.• Key results: We developed a rooting protocol for AR formation in stems and traced back root origins in stems by anatomical and in situ expression studies. Unlike rooting in hypocotyls, rooting in stems was slower, and AR origins were mainly from lateral parenchyma of vascular bundles and neighboring starch sheath cells as well as, to a lesser extent, from phloem cap and xylem parenchyma. Transcript levels of GH3‐3, LBD16, LBD29, and LRP1 in hypocotyls and stems were similar, but transcript accumulation was delayed in stems. In situ expression signals of DR5::GUS, LBD16::GUS, LBD29::GUS, and rolB::GUS reporters in stems mainly occurred at the root initiation sites, suggesting their involvement in AR formation.• Conclusions: We have developed an efficient rooting protocol using half‐strength Lepoivre medium for studying AR formation in stems, traced back the cellular AR origins in stems, and correlated expression of rooting‐related genes with root initiation sites.
Deoxygenative gem-difluoroolefination of carbonyl compounds with (chlorodifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane and triphenylphosphine
Authors: Wang Fei , Li Lingchun , Ni Chuanfa , Hu Jinbo 
Published: February 2014

Background: 1,1-Difluoroalkenes cannot only be used as valuable precursors for organic synthesis, but also act as bioisosteres for enzyme inhibitors. Among various methods for their preparation, the carbonyl olefination with difluoromethylene phosphonium ylide represents one of the most straightforward methods.Results: The combination of (chlorodifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane (TMSCF2Cl) and triphenylphosphine (PPh3) can be used for the synthesis of gem-difluoroolefins from carbonyl compounds. Comparative experiments demonstrate that TMSCF2Cl is superior to (bromodifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane (TMSCF2Br) and (trifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane (TMSCF3) in this reaction.Conclusion: Similar to many other Wittig-type gem-difluoroolefination reactions in the presence of PPh3, the reaction of TMSCF2Cl with aldehydes and activated ketones is effective.
Nouvelles stratégies de la classe vectorialiste
Authors: Wark McKenzie , Degoutin Christophe 
Published: February 2014

Les nouvelles luttes de classes relatives à la propriété de l’information opposent désormais la classe des hackers, qui créent, inventent, explorent, découvrent, à la classe vectorialiste, qui, en s’étant approprié l’accès aux vecteurs de communication, dispose seule des moyens de réaliser la valeur de ces créations. Les pratiques des réseaux libres, la spontanéité du travail gratuit, l’analogie du jeu : tout cela semblait jouer contre les anciennes formes de pouvoir vectorialiste, mais se trouve désormais mis au service de nouvelles formes d’exploitation. Seul un financement universel de nos besoins sociaux fondamentaux peut assurer la reproduction de nos biens intellectuels communs.
TSG-6 Inhibits Neutrophil Migration via Direct Interaction with the Chemokine CXCL8
Authors: Dyer Douglas P. , Thomson Jennifer M. , Hermant Aurelie , Jowitt Thomas A. , Handel Tracy M. , Proudfoot Amanda E. I. , Day Anthony J. , Milner Caroline M. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
TNF-stimulated gene/protein-6 (TSG-6) is expressed by many different cell types in response to proinflammatory cytokines and plays an important role in the protection of tissues from the damaging consequences of acute inflammation. Recently, TSG-6 was identified as being largely responsible for the beneficial effects of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells, for example in the treatment of animal models of myocardial infarction and corneal injury/allogenic transplant. The protective effect of TSG-6 is due in part to its inhibition of neutrophil migration, but the mechanisms underlying this activity remain unknown. In this study, we have shown that TSG-6 inhibits chemokine-stimulated transendothelial migration of neutrophils via a direct interaction (KD, ∼25 nM) between TSG-6 and the glycosaminoglycan binding site of CXCL8, which antagonizes the association of CXCL8 with heparin. Furthermore, we found that TSG-6 impairs the binding of CXCL8 to cell surface glycosaminoglycans and the transport of CXCL8 across an endothelial cell monolayer. In vivo this could limit the formation of haptotactic gradients on endothelial heparan sulfate proteoglycans and, hence, integrin-mediated tight adhesion and migration. We further observed that TSG-6 suppresses CXCL8-mediated chemotaxis of neutrophils; this lower potency effect might be important at sites where there is high local expression of TSG-6. Thus, we have identified TSG-6 as a CXCL8-binding protein, making it, to our knowledge, the first soluble mammalian chemokine-binding protein to be described to date. We have also revealed a potential mechanism whereby TSG-6 mediates its anti-inflammatory and protective effects. This could inform the development of new treatments for inflammation in the context of disease or following transplantation.
Ocean reflectance spectra at the red, near‐infrared, and shortwave infrared from highly turbid waters: A study in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea
Authors: Shi Wei , Wang Menghua 
Published: February 2014

Normalized water‐leaving radiance spectra nLw(λ) at the red, near‐infrared (NIR), and shortwave infrared (SWIR) are quantified and characterized in highly turbid waters of the western Pacific using 3 yr (2009–2011) observations from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer on the satellite Aqua. nLw(645; red), nLw(859; NIR), and nLw(1240; SWIR) were higher in the coastal region and river estuaries, with SWIR nLw(1240) reaching up to ∼ 0.2 mW cm−2 µm−1 sr−1 in Hangzhou Bay during winter. The NIR ocean‐reflectance spectral shape represented by the ratio of the normalized water‐leaving reflectance ρwN(λ) at the two NIR bands ρwN(748) : ρwN(869) is highly dynamic and region‐dependent. The NIR spectral feature associated with the sediment source from the Yellow River and Ancient Yellow River is noticeably different from that of the Yangtze River. There are non‐negligible SWIR nLw(1240) contributions for waters with the NIR nLw(859) > ∼ 2.5 mW cm−2 µm−1 sr−1. Estimation of the NIR ocean reflectance with iterative approaches might only be accurate for turbid waters with nLw(859) < ∼ 1.5 mW cm−2 µm−1 sr−1. Thus, the SWIR atmospherics correction algorithm for satellite ocean‐color data processing is indispensable to derive accurate nLw(λ) for highly turbid waters. Current existing satellite algorithms for chlorophyll a, diffuse attenuation coefficient at the wavelength of 490 nm (Kd(490)), total suspended matter, and inherent optical properties (IOPs) using nLw(λ) at the red band for coastal waters are limited and can only be applied to turbid waters with nLw(859) < ∼ 1.5 mW cm−2 µm−1 sr−1. Thus, the NIR nLw(λ) measurements are required to characterize water properties for highly turbid waters. Based on the fact that pure water absorption is significantly larger than other absorption components in the NIR wavelengths, we show that it is feasible to analytically derive accurate IOP data for turbid waters with combined satellite‐measured visible‐NIR nLw(λ) spectra data.
Comparative Evaluation of Self-etching Primers and Phosphoric Acid Effectiveness on Composite to Enamel Bond: An in vitro Study
Authors: Kumar G Vinay , Patil Basanagouda S , Rao BK Raghavendra , Sharathchandra SM , Hegde Reshma 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT

Aim
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of the one total-etch self-priming adhesive, one two-step self-etching primer adhesive, and one ‘all-in-one’ selfetching adhesive system on the adhesion of a resin composite to enamel.

Materials and methods
Thirty-six freshly extracted human mandibular molars were selected for this study. A flat area about 5 mm in diameter was created on the exposed mesial surface of enamel of each tooth by moist grinding with 320, 420 and 600 grit silicon carbide paper. Twelve teeth were randomly assigned into three groups. In group 1, Adper Easy One (3M ESPE), a one step self-etching primer adhesive was applied and light curing unit for 10 seconds. In group 2, Adper SE Plus, a twostep self-etching primer with bottle A containing the aqueous primer and bottle B containing the acidic adhesive was applied and light cured for 10 seconds. Group 3 (control)—etchant 37% phosphoric acid is applied to the surface for 15 seconds and rinsed with water and air dried and adhesive (single bond 2) is applied to the surface and tube is placed and light cured for 20 seconds. Composite material (Z350) was placed in the tube and light cured for 40 seconds in all the groups.
Bond strength testing was done using universal testing machine at the enamel-composite interface. The debonded enamel surface was evaluated in stereomicroscope to assess the cohesive, adhesive or mixed fracture. Data was statistically analyzed by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Results
Group 1 performed least among all groups with a mean score of 19.46 MPa. Group 2 had a mean score of 25.67 MPa. Group 3 had a mean score of 27.16 MPa.

Conclusion
Under the conditions of this in vitro study, the bond strength values of the two-step self-etching primer systems tested were similar to the total-etch. And, one step self-etching primers have lower bond strength compared to the total-etch.

How to cite this article
Patil BS, Rao BKR, Sharathchandra SM, Hegde R, Kumar GV. Comparative Evaluation of Selfetching Primers and Phosphoric Acid Effectiveness on Composite to Enamel Bond: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):790-795.
Comparison of the Serum Immunoglobulin IgM Level in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients with Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Srinivasa TS , Kulshrestha Reena , Kranthi J , Sudhakar KNV , Raju PV Krishnam , Razdan Ankur 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT

Aim
To evaluate and compare the serum IgM level in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with chronic periodontitis.

Materials and methods
A total of 60 patients were selected for the study and divided into four groups, diabetic with periodontitis, diabetic without periodontitis, nondiabetic with periodontitis and nondiabetic without periodontitis (control) were analyzed for the quantitative estimation of serum immunoglobulins M by turbidimetric immunoassay. The serum of the diabetic and nondiabetic patients was evaluated and turbidimetric method was used for immunological assay by using Quantia IgM turbidimetric immunoassay for estimation of immunoglobulin IgM in human serum. The data for the level of immunoglobulin thus obtained were compared with clinically healthy patient taken as control. Sugar level was estimated the by checking the random blood sugar level by glucose test kit based on end point and kinetic assay and compared with the HbA1c percentage of the patients, by using NycoCard Reader.

Result
The group A patients having diabetes with periodontitis showed nonsignificant increase in serum IgM level as compared to controls and other groups. Group B showed significance of p = 0.074. Group C showed significance of p = 0.982 and group D showed significance of p = 0.520. There was significant increase in HbA1c with an increase percentage serum IgM.

Conclusion
In the present study, significantly high concentrations of the IgM in serum of diabetic and nondiabetic patients were found as compared to the healthy subjects who had neither diabetes nor periodontitis.

Clinical significance
By this study, we can emphasize on the fact of the importance of the immune system and its correlation with glycemic control, especially in patients diagnosed with periodontitis, also suggests that the alteration in immune response in poorly controlled diabetic patients may contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontitis and is the cause of increased incidence of periodontitis in patients with diabetes.

How to cite this article
Kranthi J, Sudhakar KNV, Kulshrestha R, Raju PVK, Razdan A, Srinivasa TS. Comparison of the Serum Immunoglobulin IgM Level in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients with Chronic Periodontitis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):814-818.
Comparative Evaluation of Shear Compressive Bond Strength between Cross-linked Acrylic Resin Denture Base and Cross-linked Acrylic Resin Teeth with Different Modifications of Their Ridge Lap Surfaces
Authors: Rane Prasad , Sadar Leena , Dhume Swaroop , Maniar Neena , Patil Jeevan Prakash , Gandhewar Mahesh 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
A major problem commonly observed in denture wearer is the detachment of artificial tooth/teeth from acrylic denture base. The problem was grave when porcelain teeth used along with the then available denture base materials. The bond formed was purely mechanical and hence debonding of teeth from denture base was a frequent occurrence.
Inspite of chemical union between acrylic resin teeth and acrylic denture base material, detachment of teeth particularly anterior teeth is a frequent observation.
The objective of the study is to study the effect of change in the surface treatment and surface configuration of ridge lap surface of the teeth on retention of cross-linked acrylic teeth on crosslinked acrylic resin denture base. Sixty specimens were tested for the shear compressive bond strength using instron universal testing machine in KN. Statistical analysis is used. The findings were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and ‘t’ test. Slight modification in the ridge lap surface of artificial teeth alters the strength of the shear compressive bond. Sand papering of ridge lap surfaces improves the shear compressive bond then the one without any modification. Maximum shear compressive bond strength can be increased by application of monomer

How to cite this article
Sadar L, Dhume S, Maniar N, Patil JP, Rane P, Gandhewar M. Comparative Evaluation of Shear Compressive Bond Strength between Cross-linked Acrylic Resin Denture Base and Cross-linked Acrylic Resin Teeth with Different Modifications of Their Ridge Lap Surfaces. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):898-903.
Evaluation of Malocclusion in MPDS
Authors: Naresh V , Varma KVV Pratap , Reddy Raja Bhaskar , Reddy S Nanda Kishore , Rao Sita Rama , Neela Praveen Kumar 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTIntroductionMyofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS) is a disorder which is characterized by facial pain and limited mandibular function because of the complex nature of this disease. Malocclusion was never evaluated in MPDS patients to know its role. Electromyographic silent period durations of masseter were used for objective assessment of MPDS patients.AimTo evaluation of role of malocclusion in MPDS patients and also to study the EMG masseteric silent period pattern in MPDS patients in different malocclusions.Materials and methodsTwo groups, groups I and II of 75 subjects each, were included in this study. Groups I and II constituted the normal subjects and MPDS patients respectively. All these subjects in both the groups were again subdivided based on Angle's class I, II and III malocclusion. Electromyographic (EMG) silent period of masseteric muscle on both sides was measured for all the subjects in both the groups to know whether it differs according to the type of malocclusion.ResultsThe silent period was more in group II (MPDS patients). There was no significant difference in the silent periods in Angle's class I, II and III malocclusion in group I, whereas in group II, there was a significant difference in the silent period in Angle's class II compared to Angle's class I and III. There was no significant difference between males and females.ConclusionMPDS patients are more in Angle's class I malocclusion. Silent period is more in Angle's class II malocclusion of MPDS group. Clinical significance: The EMG masseter silent period duration can be advantageously utilized as an adjunct to clinical examination for diagnosis of myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome. It is enough if one side masseter muscle is measured for silent period duration.How to cite this articleVarma KVVP, Reddy RB, Reddy SNK, Rao SR, Neela PK, V Naresh. Evaluation of Malocclusion in MPDS. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):939-943.
Impeded Eruption of Mandibular Canine
Authors: Lele Gauri S , Modi Darshan 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Odontome, tumor of odontogenic origin, is associated with disturbances in the eruption of teeth such as impaction, delayed eruption or retention of permanent teeth. It is seen on radiographic examination as a radiopaque lesion which may be single or multiple. Morphologically, odontomes are of two typescompound or complex and can be found at any age with high prevalence in maxilla than in mandible. In this case report, lack of eruption of permanent mandibular canine owing to presence of associated compound odontome is presented.

How to cite this article
Lele GS, Modi D. Impeded Eruption of mandibular Canine. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):963-967.
Miniscrew Implants as Temporary Anchorage Devices in Orthodontics: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kalra Amit , Jaggi Nitin , Jasoria Gaurav , Shamim Wamiq , Rathore Saurabh , Manchanda Mona 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
In recent times, the use of miniscrew implants to obtain absolute anchorage has gained momentum in clinical orthodontics as rigid anchorage modality. Miniscrew implants offers many advantages when used as temporary anchorage devices like, easy placement and removal, immediate loading, can be used in a variety of locations, provide absolute anchorage, economic and requires less patient cooperation. This makes them as a necessary treatment option in cases with critical anchorage that would have otherwise resulted in anchorage loss if treated with conventional means of anchorage. The aim of this comprehensive review is to highlight the gradual evolution, clinical use, advantages and disadvantages of the miniscrew implants when used to obtain a temporary but absolute skeletal anchorage for orthodontic applications.

How to cite this article
Jasoria G, Shamim W, Rathore S, Kalra A, Manchanda M, Jaggi N. Miniscrew Implants as Temporary Anchorage Devices in Orthodontics: A Comprehensive Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):993-999.