bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative radiotherapy after neurosurgical resection of brain metastases as institutional standard treatment– update of the oncological outcome form a single center cohort after 117 procedures
Authors: Kahl Klaus-Henning , Krauss Philipp E. , Neu Maria , Maurer Christoph J. , Schill-Reiner Sabine , Roushan Zoha , Laukmanis Eva , Dobner Christian , Janzen Tilman , Balagiannis Nikolaos , Sommer Björn , Stüben Georg , Shiban Ehab 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) is the predominant method for the irradiation of resection cavities after resection of brain metastases (BM). Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) with 50 kV x-rays is an alternative way to irradiate the resection cavity focally. We have already reported the outcome of our first 40 IORT patients treated until 2020. Since then, IORT has become the predominant cavity treatment in our center due to patients´ choice.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of all patients who underwent resection of BM and IORT between 2013 and August 2023 at Augsburg University Medical Center (UKA).

Results
We identified 105 patients with 117 resected BM treated with 50 kV x-ray IORT. Median diameter of the resected metastases was 3.1 cm (range 1.3 – 7.0 cm). Median applied dose was 20 Gy. All patients received standardized follow-up (FU) including three-monthly MRI of the brain. Mean FU was 14 months, with a median MRI FU for patients alive of nine months. Median overall survival (OS) of all treated patients was 18.2 months (estimated 1-year OS 57.7%). The observed local control (LC) rate of the resection cavity was 90.5% (estimated 1-year LC 84.2%). Distant brain control (DC) was 61.9% (estimated 1-year DC 47.9%). Only 16.2% of all patients needed WBI in the further course of disease. The observed radio necrosis rate was 2.6%.

Conclusion
After 117 procedures IORT still appears to be a safe and appealing way to perform cavity RT after neurosurgical resection of BM with low toxicity and excellent LC.
Beyond the banks and deluge: understanding riverscape, flood vulnerability, and responses in kashmir
Authors: Malik Ishfaq Hussain , Ahmed Rayees , Ford James D. , Shakoor Mir Shahid Ahmad , Wani Shahid Nabi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFlooding in Kashmir results from a complex interplay of physical, sociopolitical, and economic factors, which presents a severe environmental challenge. The intricate interplay between the Jhelum’s riverscape, social interactions, and economic factors is profoundly shaped by the persistent problem of flooding and its associated vulnerabilities. In this study, we examine the vulnerability of Kashmir to flooding and provide a comprehensive assessment of the recent floods. The purpose of this vulnerability assessment is to delve into these intricacies and offer deeper understanding of flood vulnerability in Kashmir. We explore the concept of riverscape in the context of the Jhelum River to encompass a holistic view of the river, understanding its physical features and socio-economic aspects, and examining the spatial and temporal dynamics of river ecosystems. This study analyses the spatial distribution of the inundated population, rainfall and hydrological analysis, flood gauge analysis of the Jhelum River, hydrological trends, and annual peak discharge at key discharge stations from 2003 to 2023. We analyse the policy landscape, social capital, and responses to recent flooding and provide a historical analysis of these policies. Using a mixed methods approach of qualitative as well as remote sensing methods to analyse recent flooding in Kashmir, we assessed the impact of flooding on population and LULC. We analyse how marginalised communities, lacking essential services and resources, disproportionately bear the brunt of these floods.
Blameworthiness Implies ‘Ought not’
Authors: Chevarie-Cossette Simon-Pierre 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHere is a crucial principle for debates about moral luck, responsibility, and free will: a subject is blameworthy for an act only if, in acting, she did what she ought not to have done. That is, ‘blameworthiness’ implies ‘ought not’ (BION). There are some good reasons to accept BION, but whether we accept it mainly depends on complex questions about the objectivity of ought and the subjectivity of blameworthiness. This paper offers an exploratory defence of BION: it gives three prima facie reasons to accept it, provides a plausible interpretation of it, and shows how holding out against objections can yield fruitful lessons. Five objections to BION are considered: the objection from conscience, from reasons, from suberogation, from objectivity, and from excuses. Their main problem is to either over-subjectify blameworthiness or to over-objectify obligations. To accept BION, we must occupy a desirable middle ground.
Quantum-compliant users scheduling optimization in joint transmission mobile access networks
Authors: Volpe Deborah , Cirillo Giovanni Amedeo , Fantini Roberto , Boella Andrea , Mondo Giovanni , Graziano Mariagrazia , Turvani Giovanna 
Published: July 2024

AbstractJoint Transmission (JT) is the dynamic coordination of transmission and/or reception at multiple geographically separated sites to improve end-user service quality. When user equipment receives signals from multiple sites, downstream performance improves. An optimization problem arises in selecting the best user subset for JT within a multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) system. Unfortunately, a pure brute-force approach is not feasible due to exponential time growth with user combinations, unsuitable for real-time selection in mobile networks with users continuously changing in time. This article proposes quantum-compliant heuristics using quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) for JT user scheduling. QUBO handles initial user selection, followed by brute-force exploration for the solution. Numerical results indicate that quantum-compliant methods decrease solution time without substantial accuracy loss compared to brute-force methods.
Sustained Strain: Faculty Work Strain Under COVID-19
Authors: Cotter David A. , Berheide Catherine White , Carpenter Megan A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic initially placed college and university instruction into an emergency remote mode. The subsequent periods of the pandemic presented new challenges. This paper examines changes in faculty work lives in the immediate aftermath of the onset of the pandemic and reports on results from surveys of faculty at three selective liberal arts colleges in 2020 and again in 2021. Specifically, we investigate faculty experiences with work strain. Drawing on job demands-resources theory, we develop an analytic framework that examines the effects of status resources (gender, race, and tenure), work domain demands and resources (teaching and research resources, student demands, emotional labor demands, and scholarship demands), and home and family demands (caregiving). Our findings suggest that work strain was elevated in both periods and that only tenure among the status resources predicted less strain. We show that the sources of elevated strain shifted from teaching and research demands in the initial phase of the pandemic to emotional labor demands during the first full academic year of it.
Accessibility and Utilization of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services among People with Disabilities in Nepal
Authors: Singh Devendra Raj , K.C Samita , Sunuwar Dev Ram , Shrestha Sarina , Sah Rajeeb Kumar , Ghimire Sushmita , Khadka Dan Bahadur , Sah Lalita Kumari , Shah Jennifer Mathias , Karki Kshitij 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe study aims to assess the factors determining the access and utilization of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services among people with disabilities residing in the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal. A cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 422 people with disabilities in Kathmandu Valley. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaires. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. Among a total of 422 participants, 32.7% had utilized SRH-related education, information, and counselling services. Contraceptive-related services were utilized by 47.6% of participants, pregnancy-related services by 27.7%, safe abortion-related services by 13.0%, and HIV testing and treatment services by 3.6%. Likewise, 16.8% of participants utilized STI screening, diagnosis, and management services. Males were 2.5 times more likely to utilize SRH services compared to females (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.4-4.2), whereas unmarried participants were less likely to utilize SRH services as compared to single/separated/divorced (AOR = 0.2, 95% CI = 0.0-0.5). Similarly, participants who were living with their families compared to those living alone (AOR = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.4-7.7), and participants who were unemployed compared to employed (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.0-3.5) had higher odds for utilization of SRH services. There are significant variations depending on the intersections of various characteristics affecting the utilization rate across different SRH services among people with disabilities. Contraceptive-related services were the most utilized service, whereas safe abortion, pregnancy related services, STI screening and management services and HIV testing and treatment services were less utilized services.
Regulatory effect of Balanites aegyptiaca ethanol extract on oxidant/antioxidant status, inflammatory cytokines, and cell apoptosis gene expression in goat abomasum experimentally infected with Haemonchus Contortus
Authors: Sedky Doaa , Abd El-Aziz Tamer Helmi , Nasr Soad Mohamed , Abdel-Aziem Sekena Hassanien , Hassan Noha Mahmoud Fahmy , Mohamed Amira Hassan , Abou Zeina Hala Abdalla Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis experiment aimed to assess the regulatory effects of treatment with Balanites aegyptiaca fruit ethanol extract (BA-EE) on oxidant/antioxidant status, anti-inflammatory cytokines, and cell apoptosis gene expression in the abomasum of Haemonchus contortus–infected goats. Twenty goat kids were assigned randomly to four equal groups: (G1) infected-untreated, (G2) uninfected-BA-EE-treated, (G3) infected-albendazole-treated, (G4) infected-BA-EE-treated. Each goat in (G1), (G3), and (G4) was orally infected with 10,000 infective third-stage larvae. In the fifth week postinfection, single doses of albendazole (5 mg/kg.BW) and BA-EE (9 g/kg.BW) were given orally. In the ninth week postinfection, the animals were slaughtered to obtain abomasum specimens. The following oxidant/antioxidant markers were determined: malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT). The mRNA gene expression of cytokines (IL-3, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α) and cell apoptosis markers (Bax, Bcl-2) were estimated. (G1) showed significantly reduced GSH content and GST and SOD activities but a markedly increased MDA level. (G3) and (G4) revealed a markedly lower MDA level with pronouncedly elevated GSH, SOD, and GST levels. The antioxidant properties of BA-EE were superior to those of albendazole. The mRNA gene expressions of IL-3, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and Bax-2 were upregulated in (G1) but downregulated in (G3) and (G4). Bcl-2 and Bcl-2/Bax ratio expression followed a reverse course in the infected and both treated groups. We conclude that BA-EE treatment has a protective role in the abomasum of H. contortus–infected goats. This could be attributed to its antioxidant properties and ability to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines and cell apoptosis.
Nutritional management of hyperlipaemia in a jenny: a brief report
Authors: Morrone S. , Sechi S. , Carta C. , Senes A. , Cocco R. , Pinna Parpaglia M. L. , Sanna Passino E. , Cappai M. G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn adult jenny (5-years-old, non-pregnant) was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH) of the University of Sassari, with a recent history of appetite loss, extreme underweight condition and reluctance to move. On physical inspection, emaciation [body condition score, BCS: 3/9], muscular waste [muscular condition score, MCS: 1/5], loose/running faeces [faecal score, FS: 2/8], and a general state of mild dehydration were found. Blood analyses outlined a general undernourishment condition [circulating albumins, ALB: 17.6 g/L (21.6–31.6 g/L)] with underlying systemic inflammatory profile and moderate increase in circulating enzymes to explore liver function [aspartate amino-transferase, AST: 657 u/L (279–430 u/L); alanine amino-transferase ALT: 60 u/L (5–14 u/L); gamma-glutamyl-transferase, γ-GT: 87 IU/L (14–69 IU/L); total bilirubin close to the upper limit, TB: 0.20 mg/dL(0.07–0.21 mg/dL)]and hyperlipaemia [TG: 8.70 mmol/L (0.60–2.87 mmol/L)], following fat depots mobilisation, with total cholesterol closed to the lower limit of the physiological range. Hyper-phosphataemia was linked to haemolytic anaemia [P:1.81 mmol/L (0.77–1.39 mmol/L) and red blood cells, RBC: 4.14 1012/L (4.40–7.10 1012)] aligned with the TB to the upper limit. On ultrasound abdominal imaging, enlarged and hyper-echogenic liver was observed. Based on the clinical evaluation, a condition of hepatic lipidosis was diagnosed, requiring dedicated nutritional treatment to solve the extreme emaciation along with the metabolic disorder in support of medical therapy. A two-step feeding protocol was planned to support treatments aiming at immediate re-hydration (Ringer lactate solution 2 ml/kg/8 h). The nutritional objectives were meant at first to restart the voluntary feed intake. Gradual increasing energy provision through a palatable hay-based diet was planned to cover one fourth of daily metabolizable energy requirement calculated on the expected metabolic weight, adjusted according to the daily intake of feed and clinical condition. At the conclusion of this first 7-day phase, circulating blood parameters were closer to the reference values and the BCS moved from 3 to 4 out of 9. Bowel motility was restored, and faecal score improved (4/8). In the second phase, allowance to pasture and a combination diet with compound mixed feed were designed. Within four weeks of starting the nutritional plan, blood parameters were re-established to reference values. The gradual feed provision calculated in this two-phase approach proved successful in support of the overall clinical improvement observed after four weeks of treatment, in a severely undernourished jenny with compromised liver functions.
Application of Floating Beds Constructed with Woodchips for Nitrate Removal and Plant Growth in Wetlands
Authors: Choudhury Maidul I. , Espenberg Mikk , Hauber Marc M. , Kasak Kuno , Hylander Samuel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractConstructed wetlands and constructed floating wetlands are widely used for nitrogen (N) removal from surface water to combat eutrophication in freshwaters. Two main N removal pathways in freshwaters are plant biomass N uptake and denitrification, i.e. transformation of nitrate (NO3-) to nitrous oxide (N2O) or nitrogen gas (N2) by different microbes possessing nirK, nirS, nosZI, and nosZII genes. In this study, we tested woodchips-based floating beds (WFBs) as a nature-based and environment-friendly method to remove nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) from water. Moreover, we tested whether WFBs could support the growth of three selected plant species and the abundance of microbes on plant roots and woodchips as a proxy for WFBs’ denitrification potential. We conducted a greenhouse experiment for 90 days and measured NO3-N removal rates from water in WFBs mesocosms during five sampling occasions. Plant biomass production, biomass N uptake, and plant morphology related to N uptake and abundance of denitrifying organisms were measured at the end of the experiment. NO3-N removal rates were 29.17 ± 11.07, 28.18 ± 12.62, 25.28 ± 9.90, and 22.16 ± 7.79 mg L–1 d–1 m–2 (mean ± standard deviation) in Glyceria maxima, Juncus effusus, Filipendula ulmaria, and unplanted WFBs treatments, respectively for whole experimental period. N content in above- and belowground biomass of studied species ranged between 0.98 – 1.15 and 1.09 – 1.28 (% dry weight), respectively. Plant relative biomass production was 215 ± 61, 67 ± 18, and 7 ± 17 (% dry weight) for G. maxima, J. effusus and F. ulmaria, respectively. Denitrifiers were detected both on plant roots and woodchips, indicating WFBs’ denitrification potential. Our study highlights that WFBs could be applied to enhance NO3-N removal from surface water through plant biomass uptake and denitrification processes. Future studies should consider the long-term in situ application of WFBs for NO3-N removal from water.
Behind the yellow sticker: paradoxical effects of a visual warning of body-worn cameras on the use of police force
Authors: Assaraf Noy , Mouro Alejandro , Papy Donald M. , Castillo Noel , Ariel Barak 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Research on police body-worn cameras (BWCs) draws attention to the need for suspects to be aware of the devices for them to exert a deterrent, “civilising effect”, which can manifest as a reduction in the use of force in police-public interactions. This awareness can be manipulated audibly, visually, or both, yet no trials exist to test a visual stimulus that increases awareness of BWCs relative to BWCs without this function. In this field experiment, we test the effect of a visual warning of BWCs on use-of-force incidence.

Methods
A six-month cluster-randomised controlled trial involving spatiotemporal police units was conducted in Miami Beach, USA. The units were randomly assigned to the experimental group, which included officers who wore BWCs featuring multiple yellow stickers and “VIDEO & AUDIO” logo (used as a visual warning). Officers in the control group were equipped with BWCs without yellow stickers. Neither group was required to announce the presence of the BWCs, thus isolating the visual warning from the audial warning. Poisson regression models estimate the treatment effect, with confirmatory subgroup analyses based on the proactive versus reactive interactions.

Results
Statistically significant differences in the use of force by officers, but in the contrary direction: higher rate of use of force due to equipping officers with BWCs with yellow stickers relative to BWCs without the yellow stickers. Relative change analysis indicates that yellow stickers cause an increase in the rate of use of force in incidents involving proactive policing, with a less pronounced increase in reactive policing.

Conclusion
Without contextualising their use to citizens, raising awareness of the presence of BWCs can aggravate police-public encounters.
Gods, Absolute, Non-theistic Divinity, and Monotheism in Indian Philosophy of Religion: A Genealogical Critique of Evolutionary Theogony
Authors: Bilimoria Purushottama 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThere are various permutations of theism: henotheism, pantheism, panentheism, a/theism, and nontheistic divinity. There is debate whether the idea of OmniGod was ever achieved in India. R. C. Zaehner argued that an evolutionary transition from pratenaturalism of the Vedas to Upaniṣad’s monism, culminated in monotheism with Purāṇas and the Bhagavad Gītā. I argue differently, beginning with ancient ritualistic polytheism, followed by unifying One Brahman, toward monistic panentheism and later non-dualism of advaita Vedānta. Under the influence of Asaṅga, Buddhism elevated the Buddha as the Great Divine Replacement. As a response or reaction, Brāhmaṇism forged Īśvara as God with the World as his Body. By 13th century, theistic dualism separated Īśvara from his creatio. Even Nyāya rational philosophy was persuaded by monotheism as demonstrated in their teleo-cosmological argument for the existence of Īśvara. I attribute all this to sectarian and doctrinal shifts rather than to any evolutionary teleology and/or predestined historicist movement.
Workplace nomophobia: a systematic literature review
Authors: Hessari Hassan , Daneshmandi Fatemeh , Busch Peter , Smith Stephen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNomophobia, or the fear of being without one’s smartphone, is a growing concern in workplaces around the world. This phenomenon affects both employee well-being and organizational productivity. Despite its prevalence, there is a notable lack of systematic reviews investigating nomophobia in workplace, as well as the factors that intensify or inhibit it in workplace settings. This paper bridges this gap by conducting a systematic literature review of workplace nomophobia, drawing insights from 15,009 observations across 36 studies. Our review uncovers the widespread nature of nomophobia, its antecedents, symptoms, and the significant consequences it has in professional settings, such as increased anxiety, work stress, and frequent work interruptions. Demographic factors like age, gender, and education level influence the severity of nomophobia, with younger and more educated employees being especially vulnerable. The findings highlight the urgent need for interventions and organizational strategies to mitigate the negative effects of nomophobia and foster healthier digital habits at work. This study enriches the theoretical understanding of nomophobia and offers practical insights for future research and organizational practice.
Estimation of static Young’s modulus of sandstone types: effective machine learning and statistical models
Authors: Liu Na , Sun Yan , Wang Jiabao , Wang Zhe , Rastegarnia Ahmad , Qajar Jafar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe elastic modulus is one of the important parameters for analyzing the stability of engineering projects, especially dam sites. In the current study, the effect of physical properties, quartz, fragment, and feldspar percentages, and dynamic Young’s modulus (DYM) on the static Young’s modulus (SYM) of the various types of sandstones was assessed. These investigations were conducted through simple and multivariate regression, support vector regression, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system, and backpropagation multilayer perceptron. The XRD and thin section results showed that the studied samples were classified as arenite, litharenite, and feldspathic litharenite. The low resistance of the arenite type is mainly due to the presence of sulfate cement, clay minerals, high porosity, and carbonate fragments in this type. Examining the fracture patterns of these sandstones in different resistance ranges showed that at low values of resistance, the fracture pattern is mainly of simple shear type, which changes to multiple extension types with increasing compressive strength. Among the influencing factors, the percentage of quartz has the greatest effect on SYM. A comparison of the methods' performance based on CPM and error values in estimating SYM revealed that SVR (R2 = 0.98, RMSE = 0.11GPa, CPM =  + 1.84) outperformed other methods in terms of accuracy. The average difference between predicted SYM using intelligent methods and measured SYM value was less than 0.05% which indicates the efficiency of the used methods in estimating SYM.