bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Precision measurement of the neutrino velocity with the ICARUS detector in the CNGS beam
Authors:   The ICARUS collaboration, Antonello M. , Baibussinov B. , Benetti P. , Boffelli F. , Calligarich E. , Canci N. , Centro S. , Cesana A. , Cieslik K. , Cline D. B. , Cocco A. G. , Dabrowska A. , Dequal D. , Dermenev A. , Dolfini R. , Farnese C. , Fava A. , Ferrari A. , Fiorillo G. , Gibin D. , Gninenko S. , Guglielmi A. , Haranczyk M. , Holeczek J. , Ivashkin A. , Kisiel J. , Kochanek I. , Lagoda J. , Mania S. , Menegolli A. , Meng G. , Montanari C. , Otwinowski S. , Piazzoli A. , Picchi P. , Pietropaolo F. , Plonski P. , Rappoldi A. , Raselli G. L. , Rossella M. , Rubbia C. , Sala P. , Scantamburlo E. , Scaramelli A. , Segreto E. , Sergiampietri F. , Stefan D. , Stepaniak J. , Sulej R. , Szarska M. , Terrani M. , Varanini F. , Ventura S. , Vignoli C. , Wang H. G. , Yang X. , Zalewska A. , Zani A. , Zaremba K. , Alvarez Sanchez P. , Biagi L. , Barzaghi R. , Betti B. , Bernier L.-G. , Cerretto G. , De Gaetani C. , Esteban H. , Feldmann T. , Gonzalez Cobas J. D. , Passoni D. , Pettiti V. , Pinto L. , Serrano J. , Spinnato P. , Visconti M. G. , Wlostowski T. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract

During May 2012, the CERN-CNGS neutrino beam has been operated for two weeks for a total of ~1.8 × 1017 p.o.t., with the proton beam made of bunches, few ns wide and separated by 100 ns. This beam structure allows a very accurate time of flight measurement of neutrinos from CERN to LNGS on an event-by-event basis. Both the ICARUS-T600 PMT-DAQ and the CERN-LNGS timing synchronization have been substantially improved for this campaign, taking advantage of additional independent GPS receivers, both at CERN and LNGS as well as of the deployment of the “White Rabbit” protocol both at CERN and LNGS. The ICARUS-T600 detector has collected 25 beam-associated events; the corresponding time of flight has been accurately evaluated, using all different time synchronization paths. The measured neutrino time of flight is compatible with the arrival of all events with speed equivalent to the one of light: the difference between the expected value based on the speed of light and the measured value is δt = tof

c

−tof

ν
= 0.10 ± 0.67stat. ± 2.39syst. ns. This result is in agreement with the value previously reported by the ICARUS Collaboration, δt = 0.3 ± 4.9stat. ± 9.0syst. ns, but with improved statistical and systematic accuracy.
Flaxseed Cyclolinopeptides: Analysis and Storage Stability
Authors: Aladedunye Felix , Sosinska Ewa , Przybylski Roman 
Published: November 2012

AbstractFourteen cyclolinopeptides (CLPs) from flaxseed oil and meal were separated, identified and quantified by HPLC coupled to an Orbitrap MS. The oxidative stability of the cyclolinopeptides was assessed during storage of flaxseed oil and meal. A significant decrease in the amounts of the methionine containing CLPs, namely CLP‐B, CLP‐J and CLP‐M, and a concurrent increase in the amounts of methionine sulfoxide containing CLPs, such as CLP‐C, CLP‐E and CLP‐G were observed. The cyclolinopeptides with two methionine units, CLP‐L and CLP‐M, exhibited the greatest decrease, followed by CLP‐J, the major flaxseed oil bitter taste precursor, and CLP‐B, a biologically active cyclolinopeptide. At the end of the storage period, the amount of the bitter CLP‐E increased fourfold in the oil while the immunosuppressive cyclolinopeptides A remained unchanged. No significant changes in the amount of each of the CLPs were observed in the stored flaxseed meals. A fast and reliable procedure has been developed for quantitative analysis of cyclolinopeptides. Due to the high predisposition of methionine containing cyclolinopeptides to oxidation and the easiness of CLPs’ quantification with the proposed method, it is possible to reliably assess the extent of flaxseed meal and oil oxidation.
NTPDase and 5′‐nucleotidase activities from synaptosomes and platelets of rats exposed to cadmium and treated with N‐acetylcysteine
Authors: Gonçalves Jamile F. , Spanevello Roselia M. , Fiorenza Amanda M. , Mazzanti Cinthia M. , Bagatini Margarete D. , da Rosa Cíntia S. , Becker Lara V. , da Costa Pauline , Abdalla Fátima H. , Morsch Vera M. , Schetinger Maria Rosa C. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the hydrolysis of adenine nucleotides on synaptosomes and platelets obtained from rats exposed to cadmium (Cd) and treated with N‐acetylcysteine (NAC). Rats received Cd (2 mg/kg) and NAC (150 mg/kg) by gavage every other day for 30 days. Animals were divided into four groups (n = 4–6): control/saline, NAC, Cd, and Cd/NAC. The results of this study demonstrated that NTPDase and 5′‐nucleotidase activities were increased in the cerebral cortex synaptosomes of Cd‐poisoned rats, and NAC co‐treatment reversed these activities to the control levels. In relation to hippocampus synaptosomes, no differences on the NTPDase and 5′‐nucleotidase activities of Cd‐poisoned rats were observed and only the 5′‐nucleotidase activity was increased by the administration of NAC per se. In platelets, Cd‐intoxicated rats showed a decreased NTPDase activity and no difference in the 5′‐nucleotidase activity; NAC co‐treatment was inefficient in counteracting this undesirable effect. Our findings reveal that adenine nucleotide hydrolysis in synaptosomes and platelets of rats were altered after Cd exposure leading to a compensatory response in the central nervous system and acting as a modulator of the platelet activity. NAC was able to modulate the purinergic system which is interesting since the regulation of these enzymes could have potential therapeutic importance. Thus, our results reinforce the importance of the study of the ecto‐nucleotidases pathway in poisoning conditions and highlight the possibility of using antioxidants such as NAC as adjuvant against toxicological conditions.
Predictors of Patient‐Reported Recovery From Motor or Sensory Deficits Two Years After Acute Symptomatic Lumbar Disk Herniation
Authors: Suri Pradeep , Rainville James , Gellhorn Alfred 
Published: November 2012

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of patient‐reported recovery from motor or sensory deficits over 2 years of follow‐up after acute symptomatic lumbar disk herniation and to identify predictors of perceived recovery.DesignA prospective inception cohort.SettingAn outpatient spine clinic.PatientsConsecutive adults with lumbosacral radicular syndrome (onset ≤12 weeks) due to symptomatic lumbar disk herniation, confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging: 95 patients with a baseline motor deficit by physical examination and 59 patients with a baseline sensory deficit by physical examination.MethodsThe patients received individualized nonsurgical treatment or, in a minority of cases, surgical treatment. All of the patients underwent a standardized baseline neurologic examination, including motor and sensory testing. Patients with a motor or sensory deficit at the baseline examination reported on whether they perceived persisting weakness or sensory deficits at 1‐ and 2‐year follow‐up. We calculated the 1‐ and 2‐year prevalence of patient‐reported persisting weakness or sensory deficits. We examined factors associated with perceived recovery from motor or sensory deficits by using bivariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression.ResultsAmong patients with a baseline motor deficit, the prevalence of patient‐reported continuing weakness was 38% at 1 year and 25% at 2 years. Among patients with a baseline sensory deficit, the prevalence of patient‐reported continuing sensory deficits was 53% at 1 year and 47% at 2 years. A positive straight leg raise test (odds ratio [OR] 0.26 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.08‐0.83]) and opioid use (OR 0.24 [95% CI 0.06‐0.83]) were independently and negatively predictive of patient‐reported motor recovery. Female gender was independently and negatively predictive of patient‐reported sensory recovery (OR 0.20 [95% CI 0.04‐0.99]).ConclusionsPatient‐reported recovery from motor deficits after lumbar disk herniation occurs for 75% of patients over 2 years, but recovery from sensory deficits over this time frame occurs in only 53% of patients. A positive straight‐leg raise test and female gender may predict poor recovery from motor and sensory deficits, respectively.
Age and significance of the Quaternary cemented deposits of the Duje Valley (Picos de Europa, Northern Spain)
Authors: Villa Elisa , Stoll Heather , Farias Pedro , Adrados Luna , Edwards R. Lawrence , Cheng Hai 
Published: November 2012

AbstractCemented calcareous breccias appear in the Picos de Europa (Cantabrian Mountains, Spain) resting on glacially abraded surfaces and covered by moraines. U/Th dating of the calcite coating the clasts was successful in two samples, the oldest one indicating that the breccias accumulated during or prior to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 11, and the youngest indicating later cementation during MIS 8. The former introduces a limit for the age of the glaciation preceding the breccias, which cannot correspond to an event younger than MIS 12. This is the oldest absolute age so far obtained for intercalated glacial/interglacial deposits of the Iberian Peninsula.
The relationship between zinc intake and serum/plasma zinc concentration in adults: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis by the EURRECA Network
Authors: Lowe Nicola M. , Medina Marisol Warthon , Stammers Anna-Louise , Patel Sujata , Souverein Olga W. , Dullemeijer Carla , Serra-Majem Lluis , Nissensohn Mariela , Hall Moran Victoria 
Published: November 2012

Dietary Zn recommendations vary widely across Europe due to the heterogeneity of approaches used by expert panels. Under the EURopean micronutrient RECommendations Aligned (EURRECA) consortium a protocol was designed to systematically review and undertake meta-analyses of research data to create a database that includes ‘best practice’ guidelines which can be used as a resource by future panels when setting micronutrient recommendations. As part of this process, the objective of the present study was to undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis of previously published data describing the relationship between Zn intake and status in adults. Searches were performed of literature published up to February 2010 using MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library. Data extracted included population characteristics, dose of Zn, duration of study, dietary intake of Zn, and mean concentration of Zn in plasma or serum at the end of the intervention period. An intake–status regression coefficient ($\circ {>\beta }$) was estimated for each individual study, and pooled meta-analysis undertaken. The overall pooled $\circ {>\beta }$ for Zn supplementation on serum/plasma Zn concentrations from randomised controlled trials and observational studies was 0·08 (95 % CI 0·05, 0·11; P < 0·0001; I2 84·5 %). An overall $\circ {>\beta }$ of 0·08 means that for every doubling in Zn intake, the difference in Zn serum or plasma concentration is $2^{ \circ {>\beta }}$ (20·08 = 1·06), which is 6 %. Whether the dose–response relationship, as provided in the present paper, could be used as either qualitative or quantitative evidence to substantiate the daily Zn intake dose necessary to achieve normal or optimal levels of biomarkers for Zn status remains a matter of discussion.
An in vitro investigation of species-dependent intestinal transport of selenium and the impact of this process on selenium bioavailability
Authors: Thiry Celine , Ruttens Ann , Pussemier Luc , Schneider Yves-Jacques 
Published: November 2012

A range of Se species has been shown to occur in a variety of different foodstuffs. Depending on its speciation, Se is more or less bioavailable to human subjects. In the present study, the role of speciation as a determinant of Se bioavailability was addressed with an investigation of species-specific mechanisms of transport at the intestinal level. The present work focused on four distinct Se compounds (selenate (Se(VI)), selenite (Se(IV)), selenomethionine (SeMet) and methylselenocysteine (MeSeCys)), whose intestinal transport was mimicked through an in vitro bicameral model of enterocyte-like differentiated Caco-2 cells. Efficiency of Se absorption was shown to be species dependent (SeMet>MeSeCys>Se(VI)>Se(IV)). In the case of SeMet, MeSeCys and Se(VI), the highly polarised passage from the apical to basolateral pole indicated that a substantial fraction of transport was transcellular, whilst results for Se(IV) indicated paracellular diffusion. Passage of the organic Se species (SeMet and MeSeCys) became saturated after 3 h, but no such effect was observed for the inorganic species. In addition, SeMet and MeSeCys transport was significantly inhibited by their respective S analogues methionine and methylcysteine, which suggests a common transport system for both kinds of compounds.
Cigarette smoking, psychopathology and cognitive function in first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia: a case-control study
Authors: Zhang X. Y. , Chen D. C. , Xiu M. H. , Haile C. N. , He S. C. , Luo X. , Zuo L. , Rosenheck R. , Kosten T. A. , Kosten T. R. 
Published: November 2012

BackgroundAlthough patients with chronic schizophrenia have substantially higher smoking rates than either the general population or patients with other mental illnesses, drug-naive patients with a first episode of schizophrenia have received little systemic study. This study examined smoking rates, the association between smoking and symptom severity and cognitive function in Chinese first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients using cross-sectional and case-control designs.MethodTwo hundred and forty-four drug-naive FES patients and 256 healthy controls matched for gender, age and education completed the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Patients were also rated on the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS).ResultsThe rate and quantity of smoking were not significantly higher among FES patients compared to the general population. Among patients, smokers scored higher than non-smokers on the total PANSS and the positive symptom subscale scores. There were no significant associations between cognitive function and smoking in either FES patients or healthy controls.ConclusionsIn contrast to studies in patients with chronic schizophrenia, drug-naive FES patients did not smoke more frequently than the general population. Furthermore, patients with psychotic disorders who smoked did not exhibit significant cognitive differences compared with those who did not smoke. However, smoking may have other detrimental effects on physical and mental health, for example on positive symptoms.
Facial emotion recognition in borderline personality disorder
Authors: Daros A. R. , Zakzanis K. K. , Ruocco A. C. 
Published: November 2012

BackgroundEmotion dysregulation represents a core symptom of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Deficits in emotion perception are thought to underlie this clinical feature, although studies examining emotion recognition abilities in BPD have yielded inconsistent findings.MethodThe results of 10 studies contrasting facial emotion recognition in patients with BPD (n = 266) and non-psychiatric controls (n = 255) were quantitatively synthesized using meta-analytic techniques.ResultsPatients with BPD were less accurate than controls in recognizing facial displays of anger and disgust, although their most pronounced deficit was in correctly identifying neutral (no emotion) facial expressions. These results could not be accounted for by speed/accuracy in the test-taking approach of BPD patients.ConclusionsPatients with BPD have difficulties recognizing specific negative emotions in faces and may misattribute emotions to faces depicting neutral expressions. The contribution of state-related emotion perception biases to these findings requires further clarification.
Direct radiative effects of sea salt for the Mediterranean region under conditions of low to moderate wind speeds
Authors: Lundgren K. , Vogel B. , Vogel H. , Kottmeier Ch. 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTThis study deals with the direct radiative effect of sea salt on the regional scale, within both the shortwave and longwave ranges. The COSMO‐ART model system has been extended and applied for a large part of Europe and adjacent waters within this investigation. For the radiation calculations, we determined the sea salt optical properties based on Mie calculations, giving the optical properties for the three sea salt modes and eight spectral intervals. The simulated sea salt aerosol optical depth is found to show strong dependence on the 10 m wind speed under cloud‐free conditions. This relation is best represented by a power law fit and compares well with satellite observations. For clear‐sky conditions, the simulated sea salt direct radiative effects on the shortwave and longwave radiative budgets are approximately of the same order of magnitude, but with opposite signs. This causes the net radiative effect to approach zero, which leads to a low impact on the temperature for this area.
DLocalMotif: a discriminative approach for discovering local motifs in protein sequences
Authors: Mehdi Ahmed M. , Sehgal Muhammad Shoaib B. , Kobe Bostjan , Bailey Timothy L. , Bodén Mikael 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Motivation: Local motifs are patterns of DNA or protein sequences that occur within a sequence interval relative to a biologically defined anchor or landmark. Current protein motif discovery methods do not adequately consider such constraints to identify biologically significant motifs that are only weakly over-represented but spatially confined. Using negatives, i.e. sequences known to not contain a local motif, can further increase the specificity of their discovery.
Results: This article introduces the method DLocalMotif that makes use of positional information and negative data for local motif discovery in protein sequences. DLocalMotif combines three scoring functions, measuring degrees of motif over-representation, entropy and spatial confinement, specifically designed to discriminatively exploit the availability of negative data. The method is shown to outperform current methods that use only a subset of these motif characteristics. We apply the method to several biological datasets. The analysis of peroxisomal targeting signals uncovers several novel motifs that occur immediately upstream of the dominant peroxisomal targeting signal-1 signal. The analysis of proline-tyrosine nuclear localization signals uncovers multiple novel motifs that overlap with C2H2 zinc finger domains. We also evaluate the method on classical nuclear localization signals and endoplasmic reticulum retention signals and find that DLocalMotif successfully recovers biologically relevant sequence properties.
Availability: http://bioinf.scmb.uq.edu.au/dlocalmotif/
Contact: m.boden@uq.edu.au
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Updated meta‐analysis on antithrombotic therapy in patients with heart failure and sinus rhythm
Authors: Hopper Ingrid , Skiba Marina , Krum Henry 
Published: November 2012

AimHeart failure (HF) is a prothrombotic state, but current evidence does not support the routine use of aspirin, antiplatelet agents, or anticoagulation in these patients in sinus rhythm (SR). We conducted an updated meta‐analysis comparing these medications on outcomes in HF.Methods and resultsAll randomized trials in patients with chronic HF and reduced ejection fraction (HFREF) in sinus rhythm (SR; n >100), in which the effect of aspirin, antiplatelet agents, or anticoagulants was determined, were prospectively evaluated. Four trials met the entry criteria. Intervention time was 28 months. No difference in all‐cause mortality was seen when aspirin was compared with warfarin [n = 3701, relative risk (RR) 1.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88–1.13, P = 0.94]. Compared with aspirin, significantly fewer strokes were seen with warfarin (n = 3701, RR 0.59, 95% CI 0.41–0.85, P = 0.004), and fewer fatal and non‐fatal ischaemic strokes (n = 3368, RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.32–0.73, P = 0.0006). Warfarin doubled the risk of major haemorrhage compared with aspirin (n = 3701, RR 2.02, 95% CI 1.45–2.80, P < 0.0001); however, intracranial haemorrhage was rare. There was no significant difference in HF hospitalizations with aspirin vs. warfarin (n = 3701, RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.79–1.71, P = 0.45).ConclusionWith warfarin compared with aspirin in HFREF in SR, significant reductions in stroke risk were observed but no mortality benefit was seen. Major haemorrhage doubled but intracranial haemorrhage was rare. These findings suggest that overall the benefit of warfarin in HFREF in SR outweighs the risk. Aspirin use did not increase HF hospitalization as has been previously suggested.
Class I PI3K-mediated Akt and ERK signals play a critical role in FcεRI-induced degranulation in mast cells
Authors: Takayama Gensuke , Ohtani Masashi , Minowa Akiko , Matsuda Satoshi , Koyasu Shigeo 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Class IA and IB phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) have been shown to regulate mast cell functions such as proliferation, development, survival and degranulation, but the functional redundancy between these two PI3K signaling pathways in mast cells remains unclear. Here, we have generated mice deficient in both class IA regulatory subunit p85α and class IB catalytic subunit p110γ, and show that p85α −/− p110γ −/− mice exhibit a more severe defect in mast cell development than single-knockout mice. In addition, the in vivo passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction of p85α −/− p110γ −/− mice was nearly completely abrogated, whereas single-knockout mice exhibit just marginal reduction. Pharmacological inactivation of Akt in wild-type bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) led to partial reduction of degranulation, while over-expression of a constitutively active Akt partially restored the impaired degranulation in p85α −/− p110γ −/− BMMCs. We also found that the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway was activated in a PI3K-dependent manner upon FcεRI stimulation and that simultaneous inhibition of Akt and ERK resulted in nearly complete blockade of FcεRI-induced degranulation. Our data provide evidence that Akt and ERK pathways play redundant roles in FcεRI-induced degranulation.