bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The repertoire of somatic genetic alterations of acinic cell carcinomas of the breast: an exploratory, hypothesis‐generating study
Authors: Guerini‐Rocco Elena , Hodi Zsolt , Piscuoglio Salvatore , Ng Charlotte KY , Rakha Emad A , Schultheis Anne M , Marchiò Caterina , da Cruz Paula Arnaud , De Filippo Maria R , Martelotto Luciano G , De Mattos‐Arruda Leticia , Edelweiss Marcia , Jungbluth Achim A , Fusco Nicola , Norton Larry , Weigelt Britta , Ellis Ian O , Reis‐Filho Jorge S 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAcinic cell carcinoma (ACC) of the breast is a rare form of triple‐negative (that is, oestrogen receptor‐negative, progesterone receptor‐negative, HER2‐negative) salivary gland‐type tumour displaying serous acinar differentiation. Despite its triple‐negative phenotype, breast ACCs are reported to have an indolent clinical behaviour. Here, we sought to define whether ACCs have a mutational repertoire distinct from that of other triple‐negative breast cancers (TNBCs). DNA was extracted from microdissected formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded sections of tumour and normal tissue from two pure and six mixed breast ACCs. Each tumour component of the mixed cases was microdissected separately. Tumour and normal samples were subjected to targeted capture massively parallel sequencing targeting all exons of 254 genes, including genes most frequently mutated in breast cancer and related to DNA repair. Selected somatic mutations were validated by targeted amplicon resequencing and Sanger sequencing. Akin to other forms of TNBC, the most frequently mutated gene found in breast ACCs was TP53 (one pure and six mixed cases). Additional somatic mutations affecting breast cancer‐related genes found in ACCs included PIK3CA, MTOR, CTNNB1, BRCA1, ERBB4, ERBB3, INPP4B, and FGFR2. Copy number alteration analysis revealed complex patterns of gains and losses similar to those of common forms of TNBCs. Of the mixed cases analysed, identical somatic mutations were found in the acinic and the high‐grade non‐acinic components in two out of four cases analysed, providing evidence of their clonal relatedness. In conclusion, breast ACCs display the hallmark somatic genetic alterations found in high‐grade forms of TNBC, including complex patterns of gene copy number alterations and recurrent TP53 mutations. Furthermore, we provide circumstantial genetic evidence to suggest that ACCs may constitute the substrate for the development of more aggressive forms of triple‐negative disease. Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Highlighting delayed elastic processes at zero stress in a polymer glass
Authors: Mbarek Souad , Baroni Patrick , Noirez Laurence 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe present study highlights the existence of a post‐evolution of the fracture and damage in glassy polymers at zero‐stress relaxation evidencing that the dynamic is not frozen below the glass transition but that it releases at zero stress in the plastic regime from past stresses. The observation of a further evolution of the glass without applied stress (at zero stress) is unexpected and inaccessible using conventional tensile tests since they are not designed to enable a zero‐stress measurement. Non‐contact methods such as confocal microscopy and autocorrelation analysis are used to examine polymethylmethacrylate samples plastically deformed (up to 8% elongation rate) and subsequently studied in the unloaded state. The zero‐stress evolution is morphologically characterized by a nucleation of new microfractures and an evolution of the existing cracking. The analysis of the image correlation indicates that the strain field continues to evolve revealing an intermittent retraction of the displacement field at time scales up to several days. Different temperatures from −75 °C up to −45 °C below the glass transition have been tested and prove that the retraction process is thermally activated. The retraction process (about 1% − 2% of the deformation rate) implies that plastic deformation does not relax completely from anterior stresses but exhibits a delayed elasticity. These properties have profound consequences impacting the future physical and mechanical properties of the material. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis and insecticidal activity of β‐dihydroagarofuran ether analogues
Authors: Zhao Ximei , Hu Zhan , Li Jian , Li Longbo , Wu Wenjun , Zhang Jiwen 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBACKGROUND1β, 2β, 4α, 6α, 8β, 9α, 12‐hepthydroxyl‐β‐dihydroagarofuran is the main skeleton of β‐dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpenoids, which exhibit excellent insecticidal activity. To study further the structure–activity relationship of β‐dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpenoids towards finding novel botanical pesticides, two series of new structurally modified ether analogues were designed and synthesised, and their insecticidal activities were evaluated.RESULTSTwenty‐two ether derivatives were synthesised using 1β, 2β, 4α, 6α, 8β, 9α, 12‐hepthydroxyl‐β‐dihydroagarofuran as starting material. Bioassay results indicated that most of the derivatives, particularly compounds 5.1.2, 5.1.3, 5.1.7, 5.2.3, 5.2.6 and 5.2.7, exhibited significant insecticidal activity against the third‐instar larvae of the oriental armyworm Mythimna separata. Most importantly, compound 5.2.7 showed the lowest LD50 value of 29.2 µg g−1 among these synthesised compounds, which provides some important hints for further design, synthesis and structural modification of β‐dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpenoids towards developing novel botanical insecticides.CONCLUSIONThe structure–activity relationship illustrated that the moiety at the 1‐position affected the insecticidal activity significantly, and that specifically the derivatives with two or three carbon atoms at the 1‐position showed promising insecticidal activity, with mortality over 60%, while those with o‐F‐Bn and p‐F‐Bn at the 6‐position showed similar activity. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
A changeable personal identification number‐based keystroke dynamics authentication system on smart phones
Authors: Chang Ting‐Yi , Tsai Cheng‐Jung , Tsai Wang‐Jui , Peng Chun‐Cheng , Wu Han‐Sing 
Published: May 2015

AbstractOne can apply cell phones to access e‐bank, buy stocks, pay credit card bills, and so on. The security issues of cell phones become extremely important. Most of subscribers use personal identification number (PIN) codes which combined with 6–8 numbers to protect their subscriber identity module cards from illegal accesses. It is easily to be decoded by the dictionary attack or shoulder surfing attack. Many studies employed keystroke dynamics to protect the PIN code, and the relative results exhibit that keystroke dynamics can indeed improve the security of a PIN code. However, the traditional keystroke dynamics‐based authentication (KDA) system has to collect user's keystroke dynamics firstly and then produce a unique personal biometrics. It is inconvenient for users when changing their PIN codes is required, because the corresponding KDA systems should be retrained. To solve the previously mentioned drawbacks, this paper proposes a novel technique that allows users to change their PIN codes anytime without any extra retraining. This technique not only enhance the security of the PIN codes but also enrich the security of accessing e‐bank, buying stocks, paying credit card bill, and other service via smart phones. Conducted experiment results show that the proposed system can effectively improve the KDA system to distinguish legitimate users and impostors even when users change their original passwords. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bogenbrücke Lambach, Österreich – Eine Bogenbrücke als integrale Lösung
Authors: Kirchhofer Johannes , Kirchmaier Wolfgang 
Published: May 2015

AbstractDie 60 m lange Bogenbrücke nahe Edt bei Lambach ist nicht nur aufgrund ihrer nicht alltäglichen Widerlagersituation eines der markanten Bauwerke der neuen 5,1 km langen Umfahrung der B1 Wiener Straße rund um Lambach. Die Bogenbrücke zeichnet sich als reine Stahllösung aus und bildet so ein eher seltenes Bild unter den Straßenbrücken Oberösterreichs. Aufgrund des geringen Montagezeitfensters und der durch die querende Westbahnstrecke begrenzten Verschubzeiten stellte die Stahlbogenbrücke mit orthotroper Fahrbahnplatte die einzige Möglichkeit dar, die Westbahnquerung in Anbetracht der gegebenen Rahmenbedingungen zu realisieren. Im Folgenden werden die Konstruktionsmerkmale der Brücke kurz erläutert sowie ein Überblick über das Montage‐ und Verschubkonzept gegeben.Arch bridge at Lambach, Austria. The 60 m long arch bridge near Edt at Lambach is one of the prominent constructions along the new 5.1 km long by‐pass road of the B1 Wiener Straße around Lambach – not least because of its exceptional bearing solution. Its genuine steel construction makes it a true exception among the road bridges of Upper Austria. Building a steel arch bridge with an orthotrophic deck was the only way to traverse the Westbahn Rail Track within the given conditions: short installation time and limited time slots for moving the bridge across the Westbahn Tracks. This paper shall present the constructional features of the bridge and give an overview of the installation and positioning concept.
Segmentverschlüsse im Stahlwasserbau
Authors: Rusch Karl Heinz , Klapper Georg 
Published: May 2015

AbstractSegmentverschlüsse sind in Europa eine weit verbreitete Verschlussart. Die hohe Flexibilität und die Anpassung an bestehende Bauwerke und Neubauten sind Merkmale, die sowohl für Planer als auch für Betreiber von entscheidendem Vorteil sind. Segmentverschlüsse werden in verschiedenen Bereichen eingesetzt. Sie finden Verwendung als Grundablass in Stollen und Talsperren, aber auch bei Wehranlagen mit großer lichter Weite. Ausgehend von der Vielzahl an existierenden Lösungen gibt der Aufsatz Einblick in die verschiedenen Ausführungen und Problemlösungen sowie allgemeine konstruktiven Ansätze.Radial gates for steel civil construction hydraulics – Flexible applications by different requirements and structures. Radial gates are widely used in Europe as lock systems in water ways. The high flexibility in easily adapting to existing and as well to newly built structures are one of the features creating advantages for consultants and as well for the operating companies. Radial gates are used as bottom outlets in tunnel and dams and also on weir structures with huge span. Based on a number of executed projects this report gives an overview of different applications where this technology has been used to approach the given challenges.
Flughafen Krakau – Stahlfassadenbau
Authors: Pawlak Damian , Siokola Walter 
Published: May 2015

AbstractDer Flughafen Krakau, der zweitgrößte Flughafen Polens, wird für das steigende Verkehrsaufkommen erweitert. Der Entwurf für die aktuelle Erweiterung stammt von Apa Czech DulińSki Wróbel architects. Das hervorstechende Merkmal dieses Entwurfs ist das Terminalbauwerk mit seiner Glasfassade. Durch die gewählte Form des Prismas wird das Leben und Treiben der Umgebung auf die Fassade geholt: Sich spiegelnde Autos und bewegte Passanten prägen die Erscheinung des Bauwerks.Die Ausführungsplanung, Fertigung und Montage der unterschiedlichen Stahlkonstruktionen – in Summe 4 500 t – lag beim Hersteller, der Zeman HDF. Die Herausforderung bei der Realisierung der Stahlkonstruktion für die 250 m lange und 12,5 m hohe Fassade lag darin, einen Mittelweg zwischen der geforderten optischen Leichtigkeit und den großen Querschnitten mit den für die Verglasung notwendigen engen Toleranzen zu finden. Die Werksfertigung und Montage musste die Anforderungen nach einer sicheren Konstruktion genauso erfüllen wie jene, die eine voll verschweißte, höchsten Genauigkeitsanforderungen und ästhetischen Anforderungen genügende Glaskonstruktion erfordern – kurz: die Anforderungen zur Errichtung eines außergewöhnlichen Bauwerks. Der folgende Beitrag beschreibt den erfolgreichen Weg dahin.Airport Kraków – steel construction of façade. Airport Kraków, the second biggest Polish airport is being extended for growing traffic. The actual extension is originally designed by Apa Czech Duliński Wróbel architects. The outstanding building element is the terminal building with its glass façade. Its shape of prism is invented to bring surrounding life to building’s wall: reflexing cars and passengers in move making the building its expression.Detailed design, fabrication and erection of various types of steel structures – in total 4 500 t – were done by the contractor, Zeman HDF. The challenge in realizing the steel structure for the 250 m long and 12.5 m high façade was, to find the balance between its impression of lightness, while big size of sections and hard tolerance requirements coming from glazing. Fabrication and site assembly follows demands of design, to install fully welded, safe, accurate and aesthetic glass sub‐construction. In result, an unique building has been succeed to erect. Way to this success is subject of the article.
Stabilitätsnachweis für komplexe Blech‐ und Rohrkonstruktionen
Authors: Peer Bertram , Burkhardt Axel , Hächl Martin 
Published: May 2015

AbstractEin wesentliches Ziel bei der Entwicklung der Geräte im Kranbau liegt in der stetigen Gewichtsoptimierung der Stahlbaukomponenten. Da bei der Liebherr MCCtec GmbH in erster Linie Schweißkonstruktionen aus Blechen und Rohren eingesetzt werden, kommt dem Thema des Stabilitätsnachweises zunehmend eine zentrale Rolle zu. Ein Großteil der im Kranbau zu verwendenden Normen und Bauvorschriften beruht auf Nennspannungskonzepten nach Elastizitätstheorie und deckt Stabilitätsprobleme nur unzureichend ab. Dementgegen werden die Berechnungen in der Praxis zunehmend an immer komplexeren Finite‐Elemente‐Modellen durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse dieser relativ exakten Berechnungsmethode stehen dabei im Widerspruch zu den konservativen Sicherheitskonzepten der Vorschriften. Der Berechnungsingenieur ist somit gefordert, ein hohes Maß an Kreativität bei der Interpretation und Beurteilung der Ergebnisse aufzubringen.Dieser Artikel geht zunächst kurz auf die theoretischen Grundlagen des Themas Stabilität ein. Anschließend wird die aktuelle Normensituation erörtert. Auf dieser Grundlage wird das aktuell bei der Liebherr MCCtec GmbH verwendete Berechnungskonzept vorgestellt. Zentrales Augenmerk wird dabei auf das Thema Imperfektionen gelegt. Anhand von zwei aktuellen Beispielen, dem Schwerlastkran CAL 64000 und dem Tiefseekran RL‐K 7500, wird der vorgestellte Berechnungsansatz veranschaulicht. Abschließend werden noch offene Fragestellungen und ein Ausblick auf weitere Vorhaben zu diesem Thema behandelt.Stability proof for complex sheet metal‐ and tube constructions. To be competitive on the international market, weight optimization is one of the main objectives in engineering. As Liebherr MCCtec GmbH mainly uses welded sheet metal‐ and tube constructions, there has to be a large focus on the proof of stability. A huge number of actual rules and regulations in the crane industry are based on nominal stress concepts. On the other hand, finite element method is a widely used method in the design and analysis of cranes. Using the very exact results of this method within these conservative safety concepts leads to uneconomic design. Therefore, creativity in the interpretation of results is required.In a first step, the theoretical background of stability issues will be covered in this paper. Subsequently the actual situation regarding rules and regulations is discussed. Based on that discussion, the actual approach in Liebherr MCCtec GmbH will be explained. A special attention is given to the issue of dealing with imperfections. By means of two examples the Liebherr MCCtec GmbH approach will be illustrated. Concluding, open issues and ongoing tasks will be examined.
EphB4 Expressing Stromal Cells Exhibit an Enhanced Capacity for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Maintenance
Authors: Nguyen Thao M. , Arthur Agnieszka , Panagopoulos Romana , Paton Sharon , Hayball John D. , Zannettino Andrew C.W. , Purton Louise E. , Matsuo Koichi , Gronthos Stan 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The tyrosine kinase receptor, EphB4, mediates cross-talk between stromal and hematopoietic populations during bone remodeling, fracture repair and arthritis, through its interactions with the ligand, ephrin-B2. This study demonstrated that transgenic EphB4 mice (EphB4 Tg), over-expressing EphB4 under the control of collagen type-1 promoter, exhibited higher frequencies of osteogenic cells and hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSC), correlating with a higher frequency of long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-IC), compared with wild type (WT) mice. EphB4 Tg stromal feeder layers displayed a greater capacity to support LTC-IC in vitro, where blocking EphB4/ephrin-B2 interactions decreased LTC-IC output. Similarly, short hairpin RNA-mediated EphB4 knockdown in human bone marrow stromal cells reduced their ability to support high ephrin-B2 expressing CD34+ HSC in LTC-IC cultures. Notably, irradiated EphB4 Tg mouse recipients displayed enhanced bone marrow reconstitution capacity and enhanced homing efficiency of transplanted donor hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells relative to WT controls. Studies examining the expression of hematopoietic supportive factors produced by stromal cells indicated that CXCL12, Angiopoietin-1, IL-6, FLT-3 ligand, and osteopontin expression were more highly expressed in EphB4 Tg stromal cells compared with WT controls. These findings indicate that EphB4 facilitates stromal-mediated support of hematopoiesis, and constitute a novel component of the HSC niche. Stem Cells 2015;33:2838—2849
Concise Review: Cardiac Disease Modeling Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Yang Chunbo , Al-Aama Jumana , Stojkovic Miodrag , Keavney Bernard , Trafford Andrew , Lako Majlinda , Armstrong Lyle 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Genetic cardiac diseases are major causes of morbidity and mortality. Although animal models have been created to provide some useful insights into the pathogenesis of genetic cardiac diseases, the significant species differences and the lack of genetic information for complex genetic diseases markedly attenuate the application values of such data. Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patient-specific specimens and subsequent derivation of cardiomyocytes offer novel avenues to study the mechanisms underlying cardiac diseases, to identify new causative genes, and to provide insights into the disease aetiology. In recent years, the list of human iPSC-based models for genetic cardiac diseases has been expanding rapidly, although there are still remaining concerns on the level of functionality of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes and their ability to be used for modeling complex cardiac diseases in adults. This review focuses on the development of cardiomyocyte induction from pluripotent stem cells, the recent progress in heart disease modeling using iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, and the challenges associated with understanding complex genetic diseases. To address these issues, we examine the similarity between iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes and their ex vivo counterparts and how this relates to the method used to differentiate the pluripotent stem cells into a cardiomyocyte phenotype. We progress to examine categories of congenital cardiac abnormalities that are suitable for iPSC-based disease modeling. Stem Cells 2015;33:2643—2651
Osteopontin Promotes Hepatic Progenitor Cell Expansion and Tumorigenicity via Activation of β-Catenin in Mice
Authors: Liu Yingying , Cao Lei , Chen Rui , Zhou Xuyu , Fan Xiaoyu , Liang Yingchao , Jia Rongjie , Wang Hao , Liu Guoke , Guo Yajun , Zhao Jian 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Upregulation of osteopontin (OPN) has been found in hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) in several liver diseases with portal biliary proliferation. Here, we investigated the role of HPC-derived autocrine OPN in regulating HPC expansion, migration, and hepatocarcinogenesis in mice. Five-week-old, weighing between 18 and 20 g of either wild type (WT) or OPN gene knockout (OPN-KO) male mice were treated with modified choline-deficient, ethionine-supplemented diet (modified choline-deficient [MCDE]) for 2 weeks to induce HPC production, or 6–12 months to induce tumorigenesis. Epithelial cell adhesion molecule EpCAM+CD45− cells isolated from mouse liver and liver epithelial progenitor cells were used for in vitro study. OPN was blocked by specific antibody or RNAi-mediated silence to investigate the role of OPN. To evaluate correlation between OPN expression and β-catenin activity, expressions of OPN and β-catenin were assessed in human liver cancer specimens. We found autocrine OPN promotes HPC expansion and migration by decreasing membranous E-cadherin and increasing free cytoplasmic β-catenin via binding to αv integrin and activating Src activity. Depletion of OPN significantly attenuated MCDE-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Clinical evidence revealed a strong correlation of high OPN expression with cytoplasmic/nuclear expression of β-catenin in 43 cases of human combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma and mixed intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and 80 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma. Our results indicate that autocrine OPN plays a crucial role in HPC expansion, migration, and subsequent oncogenic transformation of HPCs, which may provide a new insight into hepatocarcinogenesis. Stem Cells 2015;33:3569–3580
Complexation of Surfactant/β‐Cyclodextrin to Inhibit Surfactant Adsorption onto Sand, Kaolin, and Shale for Applications in Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes. Part III: Oil Displacement Evaluation
Authors: Kittisrisawai Sirinthip , Romero‐Zerón Laura Beatriz 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis proof of concept research evaluates the performance of a surfactant/β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) inclusion complex during chemical flooding for enhanced oil recovery. It was hypothesized that the encapsulated surfactant propagates well through the porous media. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was used to study the surfactant/β‐CD complexations. Phase behavior analysis was carried out to prepare the most favorable chemical slug formulation. A series of core flooding tests were conducted to determine the efficiency of the SDS/β‐CD inclusion complex in displacing residual oil. Surfactant flooding was conducted as tertiary oil recovery mode (after mature water flooding) by injecting 0.3 pore volume (PV) of the optimum surfactant slug that was chased by 0.3 PV of a polymer slug; followed by continuous water flooding until oil production stopped. The experimental results indicate that the encapsulated surfactant propagates well through the sandpack system and consistently produces higher incremental oil recoveries that range from 40 to 82 % over the incremental oil recovery achieved by conventional surfactant flooding.