bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutrition and Eating Behavior in Patients With Chronic Pain Receiving Long‐Term Opioid Therapy
Authors: Meleger Alec L. , Froude Cameron Kiely , Walker Joseph 
Published: August 2013

ObjectiveTo assess eating behavior and nutrient intake in a group of patients who were diagnosed with chronic pain and received long‐term opioid analgesic therapy.DesignA descriptive, exploratory study with a convenience sample.SettingAn outpatient pain rehabilitation center.ParticipantsPatients diagnosed with chronic pain who received long‐term opioid analgesic therapy (N = 50).Main Outcome MeasurementsBody mass index, the Food Frequency Questionnaire developed by the Nutrition Assessment Shared Resource of Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, and the Eating Behavior Inventory.ResultsOf 50 participants, 14 (28%) and 22 (44%) were found to be overweight and obese, respectively. Mean (±SD) daily caloric intake (kcal) was 2008.5 ± 926.0 among men and 1694.8 ± 672.4 among women. Daily mean (±SD) consumption of fruit and vegetable servings, calculated with the summation method, was found to be 1.8 ± 1.1 and 1.9 ± 1.5, respectively. Our patient sample showed the following mean (±SD) daily intake of the following substances: added sugars (g), 74.4 ± 43.0; fiber (g), 17.3 ± 7.5; cholesterol (mg), 266.5 ± 234; saturated fat (g), 25.8 ± 16.8; omega‐3 fatty acids (g), 1.6 ± 0.99; trans‐fatty acids (g), 2.7 ± 1.7; sodium (mg), 2868.5 ± 1388.1; caffeine (mg), 199.9 ± 160.8; alcohol (g), 1.6 ± 0.5; vitamin D (IU), 244 ± 208; and calcium (mg), 1111.7 ± 672.1. The mean (±SD) score as calculated by the Eating Behavior Inventory was 74.9 ± 9.1.ConclusionsObesity, deficient nutrient intake, and poor eating behavior were highly prevalent in our sample of patients with chronic pain who underwent long‐term opioid therapy. Larger prospective studies are necessary to assess the eating behavior of patients with chronic pain who are treated with or without opioid analgesics.
Think tanks and the knowledge–policy nexus in China
Authors: Nachiappan Karthik 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
This paper investigates how China's institutional context and characteristics affect the nature and agency of Chinese think tanks and if the marketization of the Chinese economy over the last generation has had an impact on the knowledge–policy interface. To do this, it marshals and deploys the knowledge regime framework that probes how ideas and institutions intersect to provide opportunities for knowledge actors to generate and transmit policy relevant knowledge. Through application, we can infer that China possesses a politically tempered knowledge regime that is far more plural and diverse than ever before but where policy influence is contingent on administrative linkages to different government ministries. Externalization of policy advice is thus largely a product of institutional parameters that condition the relationship between think tanks and various ministries; it is also being accelerated by a dramatic rise in supply of policy professionals that are available to influence policy from the sidelines. By demonstrating this, the paper transcends prevailing think tank accounts that have largely refrained from studying their rise vis-à-vis incumbent political contexts, which is critical to their existence and efficacy.
Effect of feeding diets containing a probiotic or antibiotic on broiler performance, intestinal mucosa-associated avian pathogenic E. coli and litter water-soluble phosphorus
Authors: Amerah A. M. , Jansen van Rensburg C. , Plumstead P. W. , Kromm C. , Dunham S. 
Published: August 2013

SummaryThe aim of the present experiment was to examine the influence of feeding diets containing a probiotic containing three Bacillus subtilis strains or zinc bacitracin (BMD) on bird performance, intestinal mucosa-associated avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), intestinal morphology and litter water-soluble phosphorus (WSP) of broilers fed corn-based diets. Three treatments were employed, either a control diet; the control diet supplemented with probiotic at 7.5 × 104 colony forming units (cfu) /g of feed or the supplemented with BMD (50g/tonne feed). Broiler starter and finisher diets, based on corn and soybean meal, were formulated and fed ad libitum to seven pens of 50 male broilers per treatment from days 1 to 42. During the 1-35 d periods, feed intake and weight gain were not influenced (P > 0.05) by dietary treatments, but probiotic supplementation improved (P < 0.05) 35-d FCR compared to the control and BMD-supplemented diets (1.395, 1.447 and 1.484, respectively). During the 1-42d period, feed intake and weight gain were not influenced (P > 0.05) by dietary treatments. However, probiotic improved (P = 0.05) and BMD tended (P = 0.07) to improve FCR compared to control diet. Villus height and crypt depth in the duodenum and jejunum were not influenced (P > 0.05) by dietary treatment. The number of mucosa-associated APEC was not influenced (P > 0.05) by dietary treatments. Probiotic and BMD supplementation had no effect (P > 0.05) on litter total phosphorus. However, BMD reduced (P < 0.05) litter WSP compared to control and probiotic supplemented diet. In conclusion, probiotic supplementation had no effect on intestinal morphology or WSP but improved broiler performance and can be used as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters.
CONGRUENCES MODULO POWERS OF 2 FOR FU’S 5 DOTS BRACELET PARTITIONS
Authors: XIA ERNEST X. W. , YAO OLIVIA X. M. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIn 2007, Andrews and Paule introduced a new class of combinatorial objects called broken $k$-diamond partitions. Recently, Shishuo Fu generalised the notion of broken $k$-diamond partitions to combinatorial objects which he termed $k$ dots bracelet partitions. Fu denoted the number of $k$ dots bracelet partitions of $n$ by ${\mathfrak{B}}_{k} (n)$ and proved several congruences modulo primes and modulo powers of 2. More recently, Radu and Sellers extended the set of congruences proven by Fu by proving three congruences modulo squares of primes for ${\mathfrak{B}}_{5} (n)$, ${\mathfrak{B}}_{7} (n)$ and ${\mathfrak{B}}_{11} (n)$. In this note, we prove some congruences modulo powers of 2 for ${\mathfrak{B}}_{5} (n)$. For example, we find that for all integers $n\geq 0$, ${\mathfrak{B}}_{5} (16n+ 7)\equiv 0\hspace{0.167em} ({\rm mod} \hspace{0.334em} {2}^{5} )$.
Correlation of the base of the Serpukhovian Stage (Mississippian) in NW Europe
Authors: SEVASTOPULO GEORGE D. , BARHAM MILO 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe Task Group charged with proposing the GSSP for the base of the Serpukhovian Stage (Mississippian, Lower Carboniferous) is likely to use the global First Appearance Datum (FAD) of the conodontLochriea ziegleriin the lineageLochriea nodosa–L.zieglerifor the definition and correlation of the base of the stage. It is important to establish that the FAD ofL.ziegleriin different basins is penecontemporaneous. Ammonoids provide high-resolution biostratigraphy in the Late Mississippian but their use in international correlation is limited by provincialism. However, it is possible to assess the levels of diachronism of the First Occurrence Datum (FOD) ofL.ziegleriin sections in NW Europe using ammonoid zones. Published conodont distribution in the Rhenish Slate Mountains of Germany show the FOD ofL.ziegleriin theEmstites novalisBiozone (upper part of the P2czone of the UK and Ireland) butL.zieglerihas also been reported as occurring in theNeoglyphioceras spiraleBiozone (P1dzone). In the Yoredale Group of northern England, the FOD ofL.ziegleriis in either the P1cor P1dzone. In NW Ireland, the oldest records of bothL.nodosaandL.ziegleriare from theLusitanoceras granosumBiozone (P2a). Although there is some discrepancy in the recorded levels of the FOD ofL.ziegleriin NW Europe, this may be as a result of collection failure. The base of the Serpukhovian based on the FAD ofLochriea ziegleriwill be in the middle of the Brigantian regional Substage.
Sucrose metabolism in the subtending leaf to cotton boll at different fruiting branch nodes and the relationship to boll weight
Authors: LIU J. , WANG Y. , CHEN J. , LV F. , MA Y. , MENG Y. , CHEN B. , ZHOU Z. 
Published: August 2013

SUMMARYChanges of sucrose metabolism in the subtending leaf to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) boll at different fruiting branch nodes (FBN) were investigated. Two cotton cultivars, Kemian 1 and Sumian 15, were grown in the field at three planting dates in 2009 and 2011. Cotton planted on different dates but experiencing similar climatic factors flowered on the same date and had similar boll opening dates, but had different FBN. In the present study, boll weight and carbohydrate content were significantly affected by both flowering date (FD) and FBN. However, only cystolic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (cy-FBPase) and sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) activities of the sucrose-metabolizing enzymes were influenced significantly by FBN, and the influence of FBN was lower with delayed FD. In general, effects of FBN on boll weight and sucrose metabolism in the subtending leaf were higher at the optimal FD (13 August) than those at later FD (9 September 2009 and 2 September 2011), and total fruiting branches were used to characterize cotton physiological age in the current study. Sucrose transport capacity (Tn) and SPS in the subtending leaf had significantly positive correlations with boll weight at 17–24 days post anthesis (DPA), a crucial period when boll weight was significantly affected. In addition, higher SPS activity was favourable for sucrose export and boll weight during boll development.
The development of a dynamic, mechanistic, thermal balance model for Bos indicus and Bos taurus
Authors: THOMPSON V. A. , BARIONI L. G. , RUMSEY T. R. , FADEL J. G. , SAINZ R. D. 
Published: August 2013

SUMMARYThe dynamic model presented in the current paper estimates heat production and heat flow between growing and mature cattle (Bos indicus and Bos taurus) and the surrounding environment. Heat production was calculated using the NRC (2000) and heat flows between the animal and the environment were based largely on existing models and physical principles. Heat flows among the body core, the skin, the coat and the environment were calculated. Heat flows from and to the environment included solar radiation, long wave radiation, convection and evaporative heat loss. Physiological responses of cattle (sweating, panting and vasodilation) were modelled through mechanistic equations. The model required weather (radiation, temperature, wind and vapour pressure), animal (body-core weight and genotype-specific parameters) and dietary inputs (dry matter intake rates and diet composition) and estimated heat balance and the physiological responses of the animal to within-day weather variation. The current paper has focused on heat stress, although the model was designed to run under both hot and cold climatic conditions. The model developed in the current paper provides researchers and livestock producers with the ability to predict heat stress and to evaluate mitigating procedures.
Bioeconomic modelling of compensatory growth for grass-based dairy calf-to-beef production systems
Authors: ASHFIELD A. , WALLACE M. , MCGEE M. , CROSSON P. 
Published: August 2013

SUMMARYFeed makes up c. 0·7 of total variable costs on Irish beef farms. A period of reduced growth (caused by nutritional restriction) followed by a period of accelerated growth (compensatory growth) can be used to take advantage of lower cost feedstuffs (grazed grass) during the grazing season. The Grange Dairy Beef Systems Model (GDBSM) was modified to capture more accurately the implications of compensatory growth and, thus, the energy demand of beef cattle was partitioned into energy required for maintenance and energy required for growth. For the current study, three production systems were evaluated where the male progeny of dairy cows were finished as steers at 24 (S24), 28 (S28) and 30 (S30) months of age. Three different live weight gains (RESLWG; 0·4, 0·6 and 0·8 kg/day), reflecting different levels of nutritional restriction, were simulated during the first winter feeding period (November–February) for S24 and during the second winter feeding period for S28 and S30. This allowed the effect of different live weight gains during a nutritional restriction period on farm profitability to be determined. Results indicated that for S24 the most profitable RESLWG was 0·6 kg/day. However, for S28 and S30 the most profitable systems were RESLWG of 0·4 kg/day. Financial performance of all systems was very sensitive to variation in beef carcass and calf prices but less sensitive to concentrate and fertilizer price variation. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis showed that the level of maintenance energy reduction and the duration of this reduction had a modest impact on results. The GDBSM is demonstrated as a quantitative framework for simulating compensatory growth and determining its effects on the profitability of dairy calf-to-beef production systems.
Singapore, 1915, and the Birth of the Asian Underground
Authors: HARPER TIM 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThis paper examines the 1915 Singapore Mutiny within the context of border-crossing patriotic and anarchist movements in the early twentieth century world. It traces some of the continuities and discontinuities with later revolutionary movements in Asia, especially in terms of networks and the sites of their interactions. Through this, it reflects on the meaning of the ‘transnational’ at this moment in Asian history.
Place and wellbeing: shedding light on activity interventions for older men
Authors: MILLIGAN C. , PAYNE S. , BINGLEY A. , COCKSHOTT Z. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTIn the United Kingdom, one in five of the population is an older man, many of whom live alone. Loneliness and social isolation is a growing issue for many of these older men, one that has been associated with elevated blood pressure, poor physical health, increased mortality and mental ill-health, including depression, suicide and dementia. Lone dwelling and social isolation have tended to be viewed largely as issues affecting older women due to their greater life expectancy (LE), but the LE gap between men and women is closing, presenting new challenges for the health and wellbeing of older men. This is not unique to the United Kingdom. Yet whilst inclusionary social spaces and supportive social ties can be important for enhancing physical and mental wellbeing amongst older people, evidence suggests that lone-dwelling older men can experience greater difficulty in accessing effective social support, relative to older women. Understanding those spaces of communal activity that are likely to be successful in promoting health and wellbeing amongst older men is thus important if we are to improve their quality of life. In this paper, we draw on research with a ‘Men in Sheds’ pilot programme in the United Kingdom, to illustrate how everyday spaces within local communities might be designed to both promote and maintain the health and wellbeing of older men. In doing so, we aim to offer insights into how Sheds, as created and gendered spaces, may not only engage older men in ways that help to maintain their perceived health and wellbeing, but also provide sites within which older men can perform and reaffirm their masculinity.
Lineage-specific molecular probing reveals novel diversity and ecological partitioning of haplosporidians
Authors: Hartikainen Hanna , Ashford Oliver S , Berney Cédric , Okamura Beth , Feist Stephen W , Baker-Austin Craig , Stentiford Grant D , Bass David 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Haplosporidians are rhizarian parasites of mostly marine invertebrates. They include the causative agents of diseases of commercially important molluscs, including MSX disease in oysters. Despite their importance for food security, their diversity and distributions are poorly known. We used a combination of group-specific PCR primers to probe environmental DNA samples from planktonic and benthic environments in Europe, South Africa and Panama. This revealed several highly distinct novel clades, novel lineages within known clades and seasonal (spring vs autumn) and habitat-related (brackish vs littoral) variation in assemblage composition. High frequencies of haplosporidian lineages in the water column provide the first evidence for life cycles involving planktonic hosts, host-free stages or both. The general absence of haplosporidian lineages from all large online sequence data sets emphasises the importance of lineage-specific approaches for studying these highly divergent and diverse lineages. Combined with host-based field surveys, environmental sampling for pathogens will enhance future detection of known and novel pathogens and the assessment of disease risk.
Long-term water temperature reconstructions from mountain lakes with different catchment and morphometric features
Authors: Luoto Tomi P. , Nevalainen Liisa 
Published: August 2013

AbstractLong-term water temperature records are necessary for better understanding climate change impacts on freshwaters. We reconstruct summer water temperatures from three climatically sensitive mountain lakes in Austria using paleolimnological methods aiming to examine long-term thermal dynamics and lakes' responses to regional climate variability since the Little Ice Age. Our results indicate divergent trends for the lakes. In two of the lakes, which are located at the sunny southern slope of mountains, water temperature has increased several degrees concurrent with the observed air temperature increase. In contrast, no change is observed in the reconstructed water temperatures of a shaded lake, located at the northern slope, where also the ecological and thermal changes are most subtle. The results indicate the importance of cold water inputs, such as snowmelt and groundwater, on lakes' thermal conditions and suggest that watershed characteristics and lake stratification play a major role in defining the lake-specific thermal regime.
Performance evaluation on correlation detection and energy detection for ultra wideband‐impulse radio communication with multi‐pulse position modulation scheme in implant body area networks
Authors: Katsu Kenta , Anzai Daisuke , Wang Jianqing 
Published: August 2013

Ultra wideband‐impulse radio (UWB‐IR) transmission, which can provide high data rate for real‐time transmission and low‐power consumption in transceivers, is one of promising transmission technologies in implant body area networks (BANs). Some studies on UWB‐IR propagation characteristics in implant BANs have reported that UWB‐IR signals suffer from large attenuation in human body channels. It is therefore necessary to clarify the actual performance of UWB‐IR modulation and demodulation methods in implant BANs. In this study, the authors focus on experimental evaluation of the correlation detection and energy detection for UWB‐IR transmission with multi‐pulse position modulation (MPPM). For this purpose, the authors develop a UWB‐IR communication system with MPPM scheme, and experimentally evaluate the transmission performance of the developed systems with the two detection methods. In addition to the experimental evaluation, the authors also theoretically analyse the bit‐error rate (BER) performance of the correlation detection and energy detection methods by using Gaussian approximation. From the experimental results, the developed system has achieved a BER of 10− 2 at the propagation loss of 75 dB with a data rate of 2 Mbps in the correlation detection. This result shows the feasibility of reliable UWB‐IR communication in actual implant BANs.
Case Study of a Spinal Epidural Capillary Hemangioma: A 4-Year Postoperative Follow-Up
Authors: Seferi Arsen , Alimehmeti Ridvan , Vyshka Gentian , Bushati Teona , Petrela Mentor 
Published: August 2013

Study Design Case study. Objectives We report the case of a 58-year-old Caucasian man, who presented with a 4-month history of increasing low back pain and gait difficulty. Objective neurologic examination revealed a severe paraparetic symptomatology without any sphincter involvement. Methods Spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an extradural mass formation situated dorsally at the level of thoracic vertebrae T2 to T4. Results A laminectomy was performed with total removal of the mass; histology suggested a highly vascularized lesion with lobular architecture, which seems a very rare case, compatible with a capillary hemangioma. Conclusions A careful follow-up for the next 4 years, including control MRIs every postoperative year, showed a very good neurologic condition of the patient and no recurrence on imaging findings.
Prevalence and Incidence of Sunflower Downy Mildew in North Dakota Between 2001 and 2011
Authors: Gulya Thomas , Kandel Hans , McMullen Marcia , Knodel Janet , Berglund Duane , Mathew Febina , Lamey H. Arthur , Markell Samuel 
Published: August 2013

Sunflower downy mildew, caused by Plasmopara halstedii, can be an economic problem in North Dakota, where approximately half of the United States sunflower crop is grown. Prevalence and incidence of downy mildew in North Dakota was assessed in mid-season and late-season surveys annually from 2001 to 2011. In aggregate, 2,772 fields were evaluated. Downy mildew levels fluctuated annually, and no clear connection between statewide rainfall or management tools available to growers could be made. Surveys at mid season enabled a two-fold higher detection in prevalence and incidence of downy mildew than in late-season surveys due to the disappearance of early infected plants by end of season. Both surveys identified years with relatively higher levels of downy mildew but were inconsistent when lower levels of the pathogen were recorded. The results of this study suggest that mid-season assessment of downy mildew more accurately estimates disease pressure than late-season assessment. Accepted for publication 3 February 2013. Published 22 May 2013.
Emergence of Single Point Mutation in PvCesA3, Conferring Resistance to CAA Fungicides, in Plasmopara viticola Populations in Japan
Authors: Aoki Yoshinao , Hashimoto Maki , Suzuki Shunji 
Published: August 2013

As far as we know, there is no report of fungicide-resistant Plasmopara viticola in Japan. In the present study, we detected a single point mutation in the PvCesA3 of P. viticola sampled from a Japanese vineyard, which conferred resistance to mandipropamid. The emergence of the mandipropamid-resistant PvCesA3 allele may lead to the spread of mandipropamid-resistant P. viticola in vineyards all over Japan in the near future. Accepted for publication 23 April 2012. Published 29 July 2013.