bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonoperative management of solitary eosinophilic granulomas of the calvaria
Authors: De Angulo Guillermo , Nair Sushmita , Lee Vivian , Khatib Ziad , Ragheb John , Sandberg David I. 
Published: May 2013

Object
Solitary eosinophilic granuloma (EG) of the calvaria is most commonly treated with surgical excision. The authors hypothesize that many solitary EGs will resolve without intervention, and observation may be a reasonable option. This study was undertaken to investigate that hypothesis.

Methods
The authors reviewed their institutional records and identified 14 cases of solitary calvarial EG. In 6 cases the patients underwent resection based on family and/or neurosurgeon preferences. A strategy of nonoperative management (purposeful observation) was chosen for the other 8 cases. The authors report the clinical course and imaging results in these 8 cases.

Results
One of the 8 patients underwent surgery 2 months after presentation because of slight enlargement of the lesion and increasing pain. After a median follow-up period of 1 year (range 6–19 months), none of the other patients had required surgery. Five of these 7 patients had pain at presentation. Pain resolved completely in all 5. The remaining 2 remained asymptomatic. Complete resolution of pain was reported in the 5 patients who had pain at presentation. There was complete clinical resolution of the palpable soft-tissue lesion in all 7 cases. Complete radiographic resolution of the lesion was observed in 5 cases and near-complete resolution in the remaining 2.

Conclusions
Observation is a safe and reasonable approach in the management of solitary calvarial EG and may prevent unnecessary surgical interventions.
Outcomes of 2-level posterior lumbar interbody fusion for 2-level degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis
Authors: Sakaura Hironobu , Yamashita Tomoya , Miwa Toshitada , Ohzono Kenji , Ohwada Tetsuo 
Published: May 2013

Object
A systematic review concerning surgical management of lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) showed that a satisfactory clinical outcome was significantly more likely with adjunctive spinal fusion than with decompression alone. However, the role of adjunctive fusion and the optimal type of fusion remain controversial. Therefore, operative management for multilevel DS raises more complicated issues. The purpose of this retrospective study was to elucidate clinical and radiological outcomes after 2-level PLIF for 2-level DS with the least bias in determination of operative procedure.

Methods
Since 2005, all patients surgically treated for lumbar DS at the authors' hospital have been treated using posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) with pedicle screws, irrespective of severity of slippage, patient age, or bone quality. The authors conducted a retrospective review of 20 consecutive cases involving patients who underwent 2-level PLIF for 2-level DS and had been followed up for 2 years or longer (2-level PLIF group). They also analyzed data from 92 consecutive cases involving patients who underwent single-level PLIF for single-level DS during the same time period and had been followed for at least 2 years (1-level PLIF group). This second group served as a control. Clinical status was assessed using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score. Fusion status and sagittal alignment of the lumbar spine were assessed by comparing serial plain radiographs. Surgery-related complications and the need for additional surgery were evaluated.

Results
The mean JOA score improved significantly from 12.8 points before surgery to 20.4 points at the latest follow-up in the 2-level PLIF group (mean recovery rate 51.8%), and from 14.2 points preoperatively to 22.5 points at the latest follow-up in the single-level PLIF group (mean recovery rate 55.3%). At the final follow-up, 95.0% of patients in the 2-level PLIF group and 96.7% of those in the 1-level PLIF group had achieved solid spinal fusion, and the mean sagittal alignment of the lumbar spine was more lordotic than before surgery in both groups. Early surgery-related complications, including transient neurological complications, occurred in 6 patients in the 2-level PLIF group (30.0%) and 11 patients in the 1-level PLIF group (12.0%). Symptomatic adjacent-segment disease was found in 4 patients in the 2-level PLIF group (20.0%) and 10 patients in the 1-level PLIF group (10.9%).

Conclusions
The clinical outcome of 2-level PLIF for 2-level lumbar DS was satisfactory, although surgery-related complications including symptomatic adjacent-segment disease were not negligible.
Temperature‐induced responses of xylem structure of Larix sibirica (Pinaceae) from the Russian Altay
Authors: Fonti Patrick , Bryukhanova Marina V. , Myglan Vladimir S. , Kirdyanov Alexander V. , Naumova Oksana V. , Vaganov Eugene A. 
Published: May 2013

• Premise of the study: Xylem structure determines the hydraulic and mechanical properties of a stem, and its plasticity is fundamental for maintaining tree performance under changing conditions. Unveiling the mechanism and the range of xylem adjustment is thus necessary to anticipate climate change impacts on vegetation.• Methods: To understand the mechanistic process and the functional impact of xylem responses to warming in a cold‐limited environment, we investigated the relationship between temperature and tracheid anatomy along a 312‐yr tree‐ring chronology of Larix sibirica trees from the Altay Mountains in Russia.• Key results: Climate‐growth analyses indicated that warming favors wider earlywood cell lumen, thicker latewood walls, denser maximum latewood, and wider rings. The temperature signal of the latewood was stronger (r > 0.7) and covered a longer and more stable period (from June to August) than that of earlywood and tree‐ring width. Long‐term analyses indicated a diverging trend between lumen and cell wall of early‐ and latewood.• Conclusions: Xylem anatomy appears to respond to warming temperatures. A warmer early‐growing season raises water conduction capacity by increasing the number and size of earlywood tracheids. The higher‐performing earlywood tracheids promote more carbon fixation of the latewood cells by incrementing the rate of assimilation when summer conditions are favorable for growth. The diverging long‐term variation of lumen and cell wall in earlywood vs. latewood suggests that xylem adjustments in latewood increase mechanical integrity and support increasing tree size under the ameliorated growing conditions.
Long‐term trends mask variation in the direction and magnitude of short‐term phenological shifts
Authors: Iler Amy M. , Høye Toke T. , Inouye David W. , Schmidt Niels M. 
Published: May 2013

• Premise of the study: Plants are flowering earlier in response to climate change. However, substantial interannual variation in phenology may make it difficult to discern and compare long‐term trends. In addition to providing insight on data requirements for discerning such trends, phenological shifts within subsets of long‐term records will provide insight into the mechanisms driving changes in flowering over longer time scales.• Methods: To examine variation in flowering shifts among temporal subsets of long‐term records, we used two data sets of flowering phenology from snow‐dominated habitats: subalpine meadow in Gothic, Colorado, USA (38 yr), and arctic tundra in Zackenberg, Greenland (16 yr). Shifts in flowering time were calculated as 10‐yr moving averages for onset, peak, and end of flowering.• Key results: Flowering advanced over the course of the entire time series at both sites. Flowering shifts at Gothic were variable, with some 10‐yr time frames showing significant delays and others significant advancements. Early‐flowering species were more responsive than later‐flowering species, while the opposite was true at Zackenberg. Flowering shifts at Zackenberg were less variable, with advanced flowering across all 10‐yr time frames. At both sites, long‐term advancement seemed to be primarily driven by strong advancements in flowering in the 1990s and early 2000s.• Conclusions: Analysis of long‐term trends can mask substantial variation in phenological shifts through time. This variation in the direction and magnitude of phenological shifts has implications for the evolution of flowering time and for interspecific interactions with flowering plants and can provide more detailed insights into the dynamics of phenological responses to climate change.
La moquerie par l'image : un retour du blasphème ?
Authors: Bœspflug François 
Published: May 2013

La dérision envers la religion n’est pas une nouveauté, et le christianisme, dès ses origines, n’a pas été épargné. Depuis le début du xx e siècle, la multiplication des œuvres d’art qui s’attaquent à la religion va de pair avec la sécularisation des sociétés occidentales. Mais, au xxi e siècle, la diffusion mondialisée des images et leur utilisation politique invitent à réinterroger la notion de « blasphème ».
Revues et accès libre
Authors: Fridenson Patrick 
Published: May 2013

Développement du numérique, concentration de l’édition scientifique, transformation du rôle des bibliothèques... Ces évolutions ont eu d’importantes conséquences sur les revues et leur modèle économique. Faut-il rendre accessibles librement les articles issus de la recherche publique, comme le recommande la Commission européenne ? Ne risque-t-on pas ainsi de plaquer un modèle conçu pour les sciences exactes sur le paysage bien plus divers et bien plus fragile de l’édition en sciences humaines ?
Régression postdémocratique en Hongrie
Authors: Rupnik Jacques 
Published: May 2013

La Hongrie, naguère considérée comme le « bon élève » des démocraties postsoviétiques, laisse aujourd’hui de nombreux observateurs perplexes et provoque l’inquiétude. Comment le Fidesz de Viktor Orbán est-il devenu un parti souverainiste et nationaliste ? L’évolution de la Hongrie est-elle un cas isolé, ou un symptôme de la crise de la démocratie en Europe ?
A Constructive Method for Computing Generalized Manley-Rowe Constants of Motion
Authors: Kartashova Elena , Tec Loredana 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe Manley-Rowe constants of motion (MRC) are conservation laws written out for a dynamical system describing the time evolution of the amplitudes in resonant triad. In this paper we extend the concept of MRC to resonance clusters of any form yielding generalized Manley-Rowe constants (gMRC) and give a constructive method how to compute them. We also give details of a Mathematica implementation of this method. While MRC provide integrability of the underlying dynamical system, gMRC generally do not but may be used for qualitative and numerical study of dynamical systems describing generic resonance clusters.
Servant Leadership in Teaching
Authors: Iyer Ramajanaki Doraiswamy 
Published: May 2013

Sound education is the supporting spine for the economic and social development of any nation and is primarily responsible for eradication of poverty and enhancement of an individual’s earnings . Teachers are the gatekeepers for the holistic character building of students and hence it is essential that they in turn are taken care of by effective leadership at schools. Leadership in schools should bring about a transformation encourages great and committed teaching. School leaders can pave way for setting clear directions and the fertile background for professional development of teachers. Teaching, like nursing is a noble profession that brings to minds an image of vocation and dedication.Servant leadership is a unique approach to leadership that emphasizes on selfless service of followers by being their servant, rather than assuming a command and control hierarchical role in the organization. This paper tries to examine the concept of servant leadership in the context of teaching. Key words: Servant Leadership, Teacher,Teaching
The Impact of Knowledge Sharing on the Relationship between Organizational Culture and Job Satisfaction: the Perception of Information Communication and Technology (ICT) Practitioners in Hong Kong
Authors: Tong Canon , Tak Walder Ip Wah , Wong Anthony 
Published: May 2013

Purpose - The purpose of this article is to analyze the impact of knowledge sharing on the relationship between organizational culture and job satisfaction of ICT industry in Hong Kong so that appropriate strategies can be put in place by relevant decision-makers to enhance corporate performance. Design/Methodology/Approach - The research includes items of culture dimension, knowledge sharing dimension, job satisfaction dimension and demographic information. Data collected from 228 valid respondents by an internet-based self-administrative anonymous questionnaire survey were analyzed by factor analysis and multiple regressions; validity, reliability and the mediating effect of knowledge sharing were also tested. Findings - Research findings revealed that organizational culture significantly influences knowledge sharing and job satisfaction and that knowledge sharing plays an important mediating role between organizational culture and job satisfaction. Practical Implications - The insightful results provide empirical evidence as potential guidance to employers of ICT industries and management to establish appropriate strategies to retain valuable staff and improve the efficiency of their human resources including incentive and reward policies. Originality/Value - This research studied the relationships between organizational culture, knowledge sharing and job satisfaction in Hong Kong context since most of the previous studies has focused on western countries. It is unique in that it investigated the mediating effects of knowledge sharing on job satisfaction of ICT practitioners in Hong Kong. The results of this research provide empirical evidence to guide employers and managers towards a collaborative and beneficial organizational culture, enhancement of knowledge sharing practices, and sustainable human resource strategies. Keywords Organizational Culture, Knowledge Sharing, Job Satisfaction, China insurance Industry, Foreign Fund, Challenge
Role of In-Service Promoted Secondary School Heads in Strengthening Secondary Education in Kohat Division (Pakistan)
Authors: Suleman Qaiser , Hussain Ishtiaq 
Published: May 2013

The purpose of the current paper was to explore the role of in-service promoted secondary school heads in strengthening secondary education. The objectives of the study were: (a) to investigate the role of in-service promoted secondary school heads in strengthening secondary education; (b) to investigate the weak areas of in-service promoted secondary school heads in strengthening secondary education; and (c) to suggest workable recommendations to improve the administrative performance of in-service promoted secondary school heads. All the teachers and students at secondary school level in Kohat Division, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan) constituted the population of the study. The study was delimited to male secondary school heads, teachers and students only. The study was further delimited to 30 secondary schools in each district of Kohat Division i.e., Karak, Kohat and Hangu. In order to ensure adequate representation of the population, 450 teachers and 900 students were selected through simple random sampling technique. The nature of the study was descriptive and questionnaires were used as research instrument. Pilot testing was conducted to eliminate the weaknesses, misconceptions and ambiguities of the questions in the questionnaires. Data was collected through personal visits. Then it was organized, tabulated, analyzed and interpreted. Statistical tools, i.e., percentage and chi square were used for the statistical treatment of the data. After analysis of the data, the researchers arrived at the conclusions that the overall administrative performance of in-service promoted secondary school heads was ineffective and unproductive. They lack the qualities of effective leadership and successful administration. Based on findings of the study, it is strongly recommended that a special professional training programme regarding school administration and management should be institutionalized so that in-service promoted secondary school heads may be equipped with the modern techniques of school management and administration. KEYWORDS: Role, In-service Promoted Secondary School Heads, Strengthening, Secondary Education
Association of Veiling with Religious Obligation among University Students
Authors: Arshad Muhammad , Irfan Muhammad Khalid , Zaman Qamar , Akhtar Muhammad , Shahzad Muhammad Asif 
Published: May 2013

Veiling is considered a religious obligation among Muslim women. With respect to veil there are certain Ayat in the Holy Quran (saying of Almighty Allah) as well as Ahadith (saying of the Holy Prophet SAW) that confirmed veil as a religious obligation for Muslim women. For a long time Muslims ruled Indo-Pak Sub-continent influencing heavily on local society. Role of Sufia is another factor of the religious attitude of the people of the Pakistan. But the slogan of modernization and imitation of the traditions of developed countries is a common issue now day that is spoiling the culture of non developed countries. As Pakistan is a country among those who remained a colony of the British who while leaving the region left behind some cultural elements that have been dominated in the society by the name of modernization and veil is one among these changing cultural aspects. Therefore, this study was designed to see the association of veil with religious obligation among university students in Pakistan. The results of the study revealed that it has mixed trend towards the use of veil among university students in Pakistan. Key words: Veil, culture, religious obligation, the Holy Quran, modernization
Preparing for Merger: An Art and Science Approach for Organisational Development
Authors: Schroeder Harold 
Published: May 2013

High failure rates continue to be reported for organizational change projects in general and mergers and acquisitions in particular, with the failures most often attributed to cultural incompatibilities or other people-related issues. The article identifies factors believed to be contributing to this situation, which mean that organisations are often inadequately prepared for the challenges of merger and integration. The Art and Science of TransformationTM framework developed by Schroeder & Schroeder, Inc. and two related organizational change readiness assessment tools are discussed as a suggested approach for improvement of the prospects for a successful merger. These enable organizations considering a merger to determine their current state of change readiness in terms of art and science skills as well as proven organizational change shaping levers, and identify the cultural and people-related factors that can facilitate or hinder transformation. In this way, potential risks can be identified and eliminated and key drivers of successful transformation can be strengthened. Keywords: Mergers, Organizational Transformation, Art and Science
Effect of Compensation Factors on Employee Satisfaction- A Study of Doctor’s Dissatisfaction in Punjab
Authors: Yaseen Ayesha 
Published: May 2013

Introduction- Doctors job satisfaction can be increase by providing good compensation system like valid pay, recognition, promotional opportunity and meaningful work. These factors have positive relationship with job satisfaction of doctors. Objectives/Purpose- The aim of this research is to find out various issues of compensation management for the doctors in civil hospitals and to explore that compensation has direct effect on doctor’s satisfaction level. Research design/research methodology- This is a tentative research where survey has been conducted in well known civil hospitals of Punjab’s main cities like Lahore, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Multan and Bahawalpur. Primary data has been assembled through questionnaire. And secondary data collected through research papers. Findings- Findings have shown that pay, recognition, promotion opportunities, and meaningful work are factors of compensation management which have direct effect on job satisfaction on doctors. But the main reason of doctor’s dissatisfaction is, because they are not getting proper service structure and not finding their work meaningful. Government should increase satisfaction of doctors by providing this type of non financial compensation. Recommendation/suggestion- The most important thing is that government should revise and make amendment in the service structure of doctors. Because the main reason of doctors dissatisfaction in Punjab is actually the service structure. Government should implement proper performance management system to tackle the issues related to feedback, performance and promotions of doctors. Contribution- This study plays a vital role in persuading the policy makers to think over the factors which effect on doctor’s satisfaction in civil hospitals. The findings of this research are valuable, which can be useful for the worldwide in order to tackle such issues again. Key words: Doctors, Compensation, Salary, Promotion opportunity, Satisfaction
Caregiver Burden Assessment in Primary Congenital Glaucoma
Authors: Dada Tanuj , Aggarwal Ashutosh , Bali Shveta Jindal , Wadhwani Meenakshi , Tinwala Sana , Sagar Rajesh 
Published: May 2013

Purpose To assess the magnitude of caregiver burden and depression in primary caregivers of patients with primary congenital glaucoma. Methods Fifty-five primary caregivers of children diagnosed with primary congenital glaucoma were evaluated. The magnitude of burden on caregivers was assessed using a Caregiver Burden Questionnaire (CBQ). The overall aggregate burden and burden across 3 domains—socioeconomic, emotional, and psychological—was evaluated. Depressive symptomatology was evaluated using a Patient Health Questionnaire–9 (PHQ-9) standard questionnaire and graded from mild to severe. Results The mean age of the presenting children was 8.11±46.71 months; all of them were male. The mean age of the study participants was 33.6±8.36 years (53 female, 2 male). Thirty-nine (71%) individuals were identified to have moderate aggregate burden and 3 (5%) had severe aggregate burden. Twelve (22%) subjects were noted to have moderate depression, while 6 of them (11%) had either severe or very severe grades of depression. Conclusions Caregivers of patients with primary congenital glaucoma have significant emotional and psychological burden. Moderate to severe depression may be present in one-third of individuals giving primary care to children with congenital glaucoma.
Management of Complications in Long-Term LVAD Support
Authors: Schweiger Martin , Vierecke Juliane , Potapov Evgenij , Krabatsch Thomas 
Published: May 2013

Introduction Management of complications in long-term LVAD support like aortic regurgitation, progressive decline of right ventricular function, or pump thrombosis are challenging. Methods and Results After 2.5 years on a HeartMate II left ventricular assist device (LVAD) a 59-year-old patient was admitted to hospital due to severe hemolysis caused by a partial occlusion and thrombosis caused by a shift of the LVAD inflow cannula towards the lateral wall of the left ventricle (LV). Preoperative assessment revealed additional severe aortic regurgitation and impaired right ventricular (RV) function (severe tricuspid regurgitation, RV ejection fraction 25%, central venous pressure 14 mmHg). After LVAD device exchange and aortic valve replacement (AVR) RV failure occurred and a temporary right ventricular assist device (RVAD) was employed. RVAD explantation was feasible 21 days after surgery. The patient was discharged to a rehabilitation center. Discussion In this case, LVAD exchange with concomitant AVR and temporary RVAD efforts saved the patient's life and restored a good quality of life.