bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The illness experience of middle‐aged men with oral cancer
Authors: Cheng Ching‐Hui , Wang Tsae‐Jyy , Lin Yu‐Ping , Lin Hung‐Ru , Hu Wen‐Yu , Wung Shin‐Huey , Liang Shu‐Yuan 
Published: November 2013

Aims and objectivesTo explore the essence of the illness experiences of middle‐aged men with oral cancer.BackgroundHaving oral cancer creates great challenges in the lives of middle‐aged men and their families. Understanding patients’ experiences provides a sound basis for patient‐centred and individualised care. Research is limited regarding the illness experience of middle‐aged men with oral cancer with regard to facing both the invasion of disease and the responsibilities of middle age.DesignA phenomenology approach was used.MethodsNine men diagnosed with oral cancer within one year were recruited during 2009 and 2010. Data were collected through individual in‐depth interviews and analysed using Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis procedures.ResultsThe following five themes emerged from the patterns of categorised interview data: the psychological journey in facing oral cancer, the question of how patients can control their disease as well as the sequelae of cancer treatment, the continuous disturbance and turmoil resulting from the disease, the appreciation of the support from family and friends, and the ability to learn to actively face the future.ConclusionsPatients with oral cancer experienced tremendous physical, psychosocial and financial challenges. Although burdened with multiple stressors, these middle‐aged men were able to learn from their experiences and exhibit positive growth in life.Relevance to clinical practicePatients with oral cancer have to constantly adjust to the impact of their disease. The study results may serve as a reference for improving clinical practice and the quality of care among patients with oral cancer. Cancer care is multidimensional and holistic. Healthcare professionals should develop a set of plans by which patients receive complete medical care and support, as well as assistance from professionals and family members, as their treatment progresses to help patients face the challenges of cancer.
A cross‐sectional study of the beliefs and attitudes towards menstruation of Chinese undergraduate males and females in Hong Kong
Authors: Wong Wing Chi , Li Mei Kuen , Chan Wai Ying Veronica , Choi Yuen Yu , Fong Chi Hung Sandra , Lam Ka Wah Kara , Sham Wun Chi , So Ping Ping , Wong Kit , Yeung Kuen Ha , Yeung Tsz Yan 
Published: November 2013

Aims and objectivesTo explore the beliefs and attitudes towards menstruation of Chinese undergraduates in Hong Kong and to compare those of (1) male and female undergraduates with those of (2) undergraduates studying health‐related vs. nonhealth‐related programmes.BackgroundMenstruation is typically viewed as a forbidden topic or a troublesome experience. These negative beliefs and attitudes result from existing myths and taboos associated with cultural factors and health education levels.DesignA cross‐sectional survey was conducted in all universities in Hong Kong. Undergraduates were invited through convenience sampling to complete a questionnaire assessing their attitudes and beliefs towards menstruation.MethodsA questionnaire on ‘beliefs about and attitudes towards menstruation’ was adopted. Questionnaires were self‐administered by the respondents.ResultsA total of 450 questionnaires were distributed, and a response rate of 96·6% was obtained; 416 completed questionnaires were collected and analysed. Many Chinese undergraduates agreed that menstruation is annoying, causes disability, involves prescription and proscription and is not pleasant. When comparing the beliefs and attitudes towards menstruation of Chinese male undergraduates with those of female undergraduates, females tended to disagree that menstruation should be maintained secret, but tended to agree that it was annoying. When comparing the beliefs and attitudes towards menstruation of Chinese undergraduates studying health‐related programmes with those under nonhealth‐related programmes, the latter group exhibited a higher level of belief in prescription and proscription for menstruation than the former group.ConclusionChinese undergraduates in Hong Kong were influenced by the traditional Chinese culture and social environment, resulting in negative attitudes towards menstruation. This study recommends that sex education, especially reproductive health education, be extended to tertiary education.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study provides relevant information on planning the content of sex education or reproductive health education for Chinese undergraduates.
Effect of dentist's clinical experience on treatment satisfaction of a complete denture
Authors: Kimoto S. , Kimoto K. , Kitamura A. , Saita M. , Iijima M. , Kawai Y. 
Published: November 2013

SummaryThe relationship between the prosthodontic experience of dentists and satisfaction of complete denture wearers remains unknown. To investigate whether a prosthodontist's clinical experience affects treatment satisfaction of a complete denture wearer. From April 2004 to July 2006, we conducted a randomised controlled trial at two centres, including 74 edentulous patients; of these, 32 and 30 were randomly allocated to the ED or ID group, respectively. All the patients rated their satisfaction with dentures, including general satisfaction and satisfaction of chewing ability, speaking, cleaning, stability, retention, comfort and aesthetics. These satisfaction ratings were measured by a 100‐mm visual analog scale (VAS). Perceived chewing ability to foods, divided into five grades, was measured using a questionnaire. The mastication index (MI) was calculated for each grade. General satisfaction and satisfaction of speaking, stability and retention were significantly higher in the ED than in the ID group (P = 0·049, 0·003, 0·019 and 0·041, respectively). No significant difference existed between the MI of the ED (71·3 ± 18·4) and ID group (64·1 ± 16·53). However, the perceived chewing ability of grade 5 food, whose texture was the hardest among all the grades, was significantly higher in the ED group than in the ID group. Within its limitations, this study showed that a clinician's prosthodontic experience affects a complete denture wearer's satisfaction ratings.
Endoscopically Visualized Lesions, Histologic Findings, and Bacterial Invasion in the Gastrointestinal Mucosa of Dogs with Acute Hemorrhagic Diarrhea Syndrome
Authors: Unterer S. , Busch K. , Leipig M. , Hermanns W. , Wolf G. , Straubinger R.K. , Mueller R.S. , Hartmann K. 
Published: November 2013

BackgroundEtiology of hemorrhagic gastroenteritis (HGE) syndrome in dogs is unknown and histopathologic and microbial investigations have only been performed post mortem.ObjectiveTo identify characteristic intra vitam endoscopic and histologic mucosal lesions, as well as bacterial species, within the mucosa of dogs with HGE.AnimalsTen dogs diagnosed with HGE were included. Eleven dogs with gastroduodenoscopy and different intestinal diseases were used as controls for microbial changes. Dogs pretreated with antibiotics or diagnosed with any disease known to cause bloody diarrhea were excluded from the study.MethodsIn this prospective study, gastrointestinal biopsies were collected from 10 dogs with HGE. Endoscopic and histologic changes were assessed according to WSAVA guidelines. Biopsies from the stomach, duodenum, ileum, and colon were investigated by histology and by immunohistochemistry for the presence of Clostridium spp. and parvovirus. The first duodenal biopsy taken with a sterile forceps was submitted for bacterial culture.ResultsAcute mucosal lesions were only found in the intestines, not in the stomach. Clostridium spp., identified as Clostridium perfringens in 6/9 cases, were detected on the small intestinal mucosa in all dogs with HGE, either by culture or immunohistopathology. In the control group, C. perfringens could only be cultured in one of 11 dogs.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe results of this study demonstrate an apparent association between C. perfringens and the occurrence of acute hemorrhagic diarrhea. The term “HGE,” which implies the involvement of the stomach, should be renamed as “acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome.”
Relative importance of pollen and seed dispersal across a Neotropical mountain landscape for an epiphytic orchid
Authors: Kartzinel Tyler R. , Shefferson Richard P. , Trapnell Dorset W. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPopulations of many species are isolated within narrow elevation bands of Neotropical mountain habitat, and how well dispersal maintains genetic connectivity is unknown. We asked whether genetic structure of an epiphytic orchid, Epidendrum firmum, corresponds to gaps between Costa Rican mountain ranges, and how these gaps influence pollen and seed flow. We predicted that significant genetic structure exists among mountain ranges due to different colonization histories and limited gene flow. Furthermore, we predicted that pollen movement contributes more to gene flow than seeds because seeds are released into strong winds perpendicular to the narrow northwest–southeast species distribution, while the likely pollinators are strong fliers. Individuals from 12 populations and three mountain ranges were genotyped with nuclear microsatellites (nDNA) and chloroplast sequences (cpDNA). Genetic diversity was high for both markers, while nDNA genetic structure was low (FSTn = 0.020) and cpDNA structure was moderate (FSTc = 0.443). Significant cpDNA barriers occurred within and among mountain ranges, but nDNA barriers were not significant after accounting for geographic distance. Consistent with these contrasting patterns of genetic structure, pollen contributes substantially more to gene flow among populations than seed (mp/ms = 46). Pollinators mediated extensive gene flow, eroding nDNA colonization footprints, while seed flow was comparatively limited, possibly due to directional prevailing winds across linearly distributed populations. Dispersal traits alone may not accurately inform predictions about gene flow or genetic structure, supporting the need for research into the potentially crucial role of pollinators and landscape context in gene flow among isolated populations.
Marxists and Accountants: bien étonnés de se trouver ensemble
Authors: Jegers Marc 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn a recent issue of this journal, Basu (2013, Metroeconomica, 64 (2), pp. 293–318) presented some conditions under which replacement cost‐based profit rates and historical cost‐based profit rates evolve similarly, making, under these conditions, the choice between them irrelevant when studying long‐term profitability trends. The present note adds some realism to this analysis by allowing depreciation of fixed assets, and shows that the choice between the two profit rate operationalizations becomes relevant. Additionally, the impact of growth on the relation between the two profit rate evolutions is assessed.
Mechanisms of the Inward Remodeling Process in Resistance Vessels: Is the Actin Cytoskeleton Involved?
Authors: Castorena‐Gonzalez Jorge A. , Staiculescu Marius C. , Foote Christopher , Martinez‐Lemus Luis A. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe resistance arteries and arterioles are the vascular components of the circulatory system where the greatest drop in blood pressure takes place. Consequently, these vessels play a preponderant role in the regulation of blood flow and the modulation of blood pressure. For this reason, the inward remodeling process of the resistance vasculature, as it occurs in hypertension, has profound consequences on the incidence of life‐threatening cardiovascular events. In this manuscript, we review some of the most prominent characteristics of inwardly remodeled resistance arteries including their changes in vascular passive diameter, wall thickness, and elastic properties. Then, we explore the known contribution of the different components of the vascular wall to the characteristics of inwardly remodeled vessels, and pay particular attention to the role the vascular smooth muscle actin cytoskeleton may play on the initial stages of the remodeling process. We end by proposing potential ways by which many of the factors and mechanisms known to participate in the inward remodeling process may be associated with cytoskeletal modifications and participate in reducing the passive diameter of resistance vessels.
Priming of protein expression in the defence response of Zantedeschia aethiopica to Pectobacterium carotovorum
Authors: Luzzatto‐Knaan Tal , Kerem Zohar , Doron‐Faigenboim Adi , Yedidia Iris 
Published: November 2013

SummaryThe defence response of Zantedeschia aethiopica, a natural rhizomatous host of the soft rot bacterium Pectobacterium carotovorum, was studied following the activation of common induced resistance pathways—systemic acquired resistance and induced systemic resistance. Proteomic tools were used, together with in vitro quantification and in situ localization of selected oxidizing enzymes. In total, 527 proteins were analysed by label‐free mass spectrometry (MS) and annotated against the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) nonredundant (nr) protein database of rice (Oryza sativa). Of these, the fore most differentially expressed group comprised 215 proteins that were primed following application of methyl jasmonate (MJ) and subsequent infection with the pathogen. Sixty‐five proteins were down‐regulated following MJ treatments. The application of benzothiadiazole (BTH) increased the expression of 23 proteins; however, subsequent infection with the pathogen repressed their expression and did not induce priming. The sorting of primed proteins by Gene Ontology protein function category revealed that the primed proteins included nucleic acid‐binding proteins, cofactor‐binding proteins, ion‐binding proteins, transferases, hydrolases and oxidoreductases. In line with the highlighted involvement of oxidoreductases in the defence response, we determined their activities, priming pattern and localization in planta. Increased activities were confined to the area surrounding the pathogen penetration site, associating these enzymes with the induced systemic resistance afforded by the jasmonic acid signalling pathway. The results presented here demonstrate the concerted priming of protein expression following MJ treatment, making it a prominent part of the defence response of Z. aethiopica to P. carotovorum.
Molecular characterization and functional analyses of ZtWor1, a transcriptional regulator of the fungal wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici
Authors: Mirzadi Gohari Amir , Mehrabi Rahim , Robert Olivier , Ince Ikbal Agah , Boeren Sjef , Schuster Martin , Steinberg Gero , de Wit Pierre J. G. M. , Kema Gert H. J. 
Published: November 2013

SummaryZymoseptoria tritici causes the major fungal wheat disease septoria tritici blotch, and is increasingly being used as a model for transmission and population genetics, as well as host–pathogen interactions. Here, we study the biological function of ZtWor1, the orthologue of Wor1 in the fungal human pathogen Candida albicans, as a representative of a superfamily of regulatory proteins involved in dimorphic switching. In Z. tritici, this gene is pivotal for pathogenesis, as ZtWor1 mutants were nonpathogenic and complementation restored the wild‐type phenotypes. In planta expression analyses showed that ZtWor1 is up‐regulated during the initiation of colonization and fructification, and regulates candidate effector genes, including one that was discovered after comparative proteome analysis of the Z. tritici wild‐type strain and the ZtWor1 mutant, which was particularly expressed in planta. Cell fusion and anastomosis occur frequently in ZtWor1 mutants, reminiscent of mutants of MgGpb1, the β‐subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein. Comparative expression of ZtWor1 in knock‐out strains of MgGpb1 and MgTpk2, the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A, suggests that ZtWor1 is downstream of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) pathway that is crucial for pathogenesis in many fungal plant pathogens.
Phytochelatin–metal(loid) transport into vacuoles shows different substrate preferences in barley and Arabidopsis
Authors: SONG WON‐YONG , MENDOZA‐CÓZATL DAVID G. , LEE YOUNGSOOK , SCHROEDER JULIAN I. , AHN SANG‐NAG , LEE HYUN‐SOOK , WICKER THOMAS , MARTINOIA ENRICO 
Published: November 2013

AbstractCadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) are toxic to all living organisms, including plants and humans. In plants, Cd and As are detoxified by phytochelatins (PCs) and metal(loid)‐chelating peptides and by sequestering PC–metal(loid) complexes in vacuoles. Consistent differences have been observed between As and Cd detoxification. Whereas chelation of Cd by PCs is largely sufficient to detoxify Cd, As–PC complexes must be sequestered into vacuoles to be fully detoxified. It is not clear whether this difference in detoxification pathways is ubiquitous among plants or varies across species. Here, we have conducted a PC transport study using vacuoles isolated from Arabidopsis and barley. Arabidopsis vacuoles accumulated low levels of PC2–Cd, and vesicles from yeast cells expressing either AtABCC1 or AtABCC2 exhibited negligible PC2–Cd transport activity compared with PC2–As. In contrast, barley vacuoles readily accumulated comparable levels of PC2–Cd and PC2–As. PC transport in barley vacuoles was inhibited by vanadate, but not by ammonium, suggesting the involvement of ABC‐type transporters. Interestingly, barley vacuoles exhibited enhanced PC2 transport activity when essential metal ions, such as Zn(II), Cu(II) and Mn(II), were added to the transport assay, suggesting that PCs might contribute to the homeostasis of essential metals and detoxification of non‐essential toxic metal(loid)s.
Functional characterization of Arabidopsis HsfA6a as a heat‐shock transcription factor under high salinity and dehydration conditions
Authors: HWANG SUNG MIN , KIM DAE WON , WOO MIN SEOK , JEONG HYEONG SEOP , SON YOUNG SIM , AKHTER SALINA , CHOI GYUNG JA , BAHK JEONG DONG 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAlthough heat‐shock transcription factors are well characterized in the heat stress‐related pathway, they are poorly understood in other stress responses. Here, we functionally characterized AtHsfA6a in the presence of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and under high salinity and dehydration conditions. AtHsfA6a expression under normal conditions is very low, but was highly induced by exogenous ABA, NaCl and drought. Unexpectedly, the levels of AtHsfA6a transcript were not significantly altered under heat and cold stresses. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and transient transactivation assays indicated that AtHsfA6a is transcriptionally regulated by ABA‐responsive element binding factor/ABA‐responsive element binding protein, which are key regulators of the ABA signalling pathway. Additionally, fractionation and protoplast transient assays showed that AtHsfA6a was in cytoplasm and nucleus simultaneously; however, under conditions of high salinity the majority of AtHsfA6A was in the nucleus. Furthermore, at both seed germination and seedlings stage, plants overexpressing AtHsfA6a were hypersensitive to ABA and exhibited enhanced tolerance against salt and drought stresses. Finally, the microarray and qRT‐PCR analyses revealed that many stress‐responsive genes were up‐regulated in the plants overexpressing AtHsfA6a. Taken together, the data strongly suggest that AtHsfA6a acts as a transcriptional activator of stress‐responsive genes via the ABA‐dependent signalling pathway.
Tetraspanin 3c requirement for pigment cell interactions and boundary formation in zebrafish adult pigment stripes
Authors: Inoue Shinya , Kondo Shigeru , Parichy David M. , Watanabe Masakatsu 
Published: November 2013

SummarySkin pigment pattern formation in zebrafish requires pigment‐cell autonomous interactions between melanophores and xanthophores, yet the molecular bases for these interactions remain largely unknown. Here, we examined the dali mutant that exhibits stripes in which melanophores are intermingled abnormally with xanthophores. By in vitro cell culture, we found that melanophores of dali mutants have a defect in motility and that interactions between melanophores and xanthophores are defective as well. Positional cloning and rescue identified dali as tetraspanin 3c (tspan3c), encoding a transmembrane scaffolding protein expressed by melanophores and xanthophores. We further showed that dali mutant Tspan3c expressed in HeLa cell exhibits a defect in N‐glycosylation and is retained inappropriately in the endoplasmic reticulum. Our results are the first to identify roles for a tetraspanin superfamily protein in skin pigment pattern formation and suggest new mechanisms for the establishment and maintenance of zebrafish stripe boundaries.
Competency‐based Project to Review Community/Public Health Curricula
Authors: Schoneman Doris , Simandl Gladys , Hansen Judith M. , Garrett Sharon 
Published: November 2013

AbstractChanges in the delivery of community/public health (C/PH) nursing have challenged nursing educators to seek innovative ways to ensure that their educational programs produce competent entry‐level practitioners. This article describes how public health professionals and faculty from eight regional colleges and universities in Southeastern Wisconsin came together to better understand both what C/PH nursing content was being taught in the region, and the extent to which that content was aligned with the Public Health Nurse Competencies defined by the Quad Council in 2004. Based on self‐reporting by nursing school faculty as well as a separate mapping of course objectives into the competency areas, the project found that the curricula of the participating colleges and universities adequately addressed most of the competencies in the Quad Council domains one through six. Competencies in domains seven (financial planning/management skills) and eight (leadership/systems thinking skills) were not, however, adequately addressed and plans were subsequently developed to fill those gaps. In addition to helping each institution identify strengths and gaps in its own curriculum, the project provided an unprecedented opportunity for both public health professionals and academics to build relationships, share best practices, and exchange resources.
Inactivation of Bacillus subtilis Spores Using Various Combinations of Ultraviolet Treatment with Addition of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Zhang Yiqing , Zhou Lingling , Zhang Yongji , Tan Chaoqun 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis study aims at comparing the inactivation of Bacillus subtilis spores by various combinations of UV treatment and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) addition. The combinations included sequential (UV–H2O2, H2O2–UV) and simultaneous (UV/H2O2) processes. Results showed that B. subtilis spores achieved a certain inactivation effect through UV treatment. However, hardly any inactivation effect by H2O2 alone was observed. H2O2 had a significant synergetic effect when combined with UV treatment, while high irradiance and H2O2 concentration both favored the reaction. When treated with 0.60 mm H2O2 and 113.0 μW/cm2 UV irradiance for 6 min, the simultaneous UV/H2O2 treatment showed significantly improved disinfection effect (4.13 log) compared to that of UV–H2O2 (3.03 log) and H2O2–UV (2.88 log). The relationship between the inactivation effect and the exposure time followed a typical pseudo‐first‐order kinetics model. The pseudo‐first‐order rate constants were 0.478, 0.447 and 0.634 min−1, for the UV‐H2O2, H2O2–UV and UV/H2O2 processes, respectively, further confirming the optimal disinfection effect of the UV/H2O2 process. The disinfection could be ascribed to the OH radicals, as verified by the level of para‐chlorobenzoic acid (pCBA).