bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of plasma histones in human sepsis and their contribution to cellular injury and inflammation
Authors: Ekaney Michael Liembo , Otto Gordon Philipp , Sossdorf Maik , Sponholz Christoph , Boehringer Michael , Loesche Wolfgang , Rittirsch Daniel , Wilharm Arne , Kurzai Oliver , Bauer Michael , Claus Ralf Alexander 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Circulating histones have been identified as mediators of damage in animal models of sepsis and in patients with trauma-associated lung injury. Despite existing controversies on actual histone concentrations, clinical implications and mechanism of action in various disease conditions, histone levels in human sepsis, association with disease progression and mediated effects on endothelial and immune cells remain unreported. This study aimed to determine histone levels and its clinical implication in septic patients and to elucidate histone-mediated effects ex-vivo.

Methods
Histone levels, endogenous activated protein C (APC) levels and clinical data from two independent cohorts of septic patients were obtained. Histone levels were compared with various control groups including healthy individuals, intensive care unit (ICU) patients without sepsis, ICU patients with multiple organ failure and patients with minor or multiple trauma, all without infection. Endothelial and monocytic cells were stimulated with histones. Cellular integrity and sepsis prototypical cytokines were evaluated. The mechanism of action of histones via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was evaluated using a function blocking antibody. Histone degradation in plasma was studied by immunoblotting.

Results
Histone H4 levels were significantly elevated in patients with sepsis (cohort I; n = 15 and cohort II; n = 19) versus ICU controls (n = 12), patients with multiple organ failure (n = 12) or minor trauma (n = 7), associated with need for renal replacement therapy and decrease in platelet count during disease progression, and remarkably were significantly associated with increased mortality rates in septic patients (ICU-, 28 day- and 90 day mortality rates). There was an inverse correlation between plasma histones and endogenous APC levels. Histone stimulation induced the release of sepsis prototypic cytokines and decreased cell integrity indicated by a significant increase of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and propidium iodide (PI) staining. Blocking of TLR4 decreased cellular cytotoxicity on endothelial cells. The calculated half-life of histones in spiked plasma was 4.6 minutes.

Conclusions
Histone levels in septic patients are significantly increased and might mediate disease aggravation by cellular injury and inflammation via TLR4 signaling, which potentially results in multiple organ failure and fatal outcome.
Design of Triple-resonance NMR Reporter Assay
Authors: Nishihara Tatsuya , Nonaka Hiroshi , Sando Shinsuke 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Mouse lactate dehydrogenase-X (mLDH-X) was designed as a triple-resonance NMR reporter protein. The mLDH-X reporter catalyzes the conversion of a 13C-labeled pyruvic acid derivative (substrate) to a lactic acid derivative (product), which can be detected selectively by 1D 1H–{13C–13C′} triple-resonance NMR. The expression of mLDH-X fused protein was successfully detected by monitoring the triple-resonance 1H NMR signal of the product.
Generalized Dandelin’s Theorem Implementation for Arbitrary Rotation Quadrics in AutoCAD
Authors: Хейфец  , Kheyfets Aleksandr , Васильева  , Vasileva Vera 
Published: September 2014

A method of Dandelin’s spheres construction for
second order arbitrary rotation surfaces based on parameterization
in AutoCAD package has been proposed. Examples have been
provided. The estimation of accuracy related to definition of focal
points and directrixes by proposed method has been given. It has
been shown that the error is in the range 10–3...10–8. A conclusion
about high efficiency of parameterization as a tool for geometric
modeling has been drawn.
Genetic diversity and population structure of wild pear (Pyrus pyraster (L.) Burgsd.) in Poland
Authors: Wolko Łukasz , Bocianowski Jan , Antkowiak Wojciech , Słomski Ryszard 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
In order to provide molecular characteristics
of wild pear (P. pyraster) resources, six populations
(192 accessions) from different regions of Poland were
investigated with 17 SSR loci. Each of the SSR loci used
was polymorphic, with a mean of 19.5 alleles per locus
and a mean PIC of 0.806. Both the high heterozygosity (Ho
= 0.751) and low Fis (0.007) indicated that the wild pear
populations maintain a relatively high level of diversity,
while the mean Findex of 0.039 and the number of migrants
per generation (Nm = 6.996) revealed a high gene flow and
weak inter-population differentiation. AMOVA analysis
located polymorphisms mainly within populations (96%).
Genetic relations between populations did not show
correlations with geographical distances. The dispersal
influence of gene flow could be the reason of the disrupted
relationship within populations and the low interpopulation
differentiation. We did not find any evidence
to support the hypothesis about influence of interspecies
hybridization with pear cultivars on the level of wild pear
population diversity.
Curvature contraction of convex hypersurfaces by nonsmooth speeds
Authors: Andrews Ben , Holder Andrew , McCoy James , Wheeler Glen , Wheeler Valentina-Mira , Williams Graham 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
We consider contraction of convex hypersurfaces by convex speeds, homogeneous of degree one in the principal curvatures, that are not necessarily smooth.
We show how to approximate such a speed by a sequence of smooth speeds for which behaviour is well known. By obtaining
speed and curvature pinching estimates for the flows by the approximating speeds, independent of the smoothing
parameter, we may pass to the limit to deduce that the flow by the nonsmooth speed converges to a point in finite time
that, under a suitable rescaling, is round in the

C
2

{C^{2}}

sense, with the convergence being exponential.
Numerical study on the standing morphology of an oblique detonation wave under the influence of an incoming boundary layer
Authors: Zhou Jin , Liu Yu , Lin Zhi-yong 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The influence of an incoming boundary layer to the standing morphology of an oblique detonation wave (ODW) induced by a compression ramp is numerically studied in this paper. The Spalart-Allmaras (SA) turbulence model is used to perform simulation of detonationboundary- layer interactions. Three different wall conditions are applied to realize control on the boundary-layer separation scales. Accordingly, different standing morphologies of the ODWs are obtained, including smooth ODW (without transverse wave) under no-slip, adiabatic wall condition with large-scale separation, abrupt ODW (with transverse wave) under no-slip, cold wall condition with moderate-scale separation, and bow-shaped detached ODW under slipwall condition without a boundary layer.
Sensitivity of the Heat-Transfer Coefficient Calculation
Authors: Singer Saša 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe purpose of the Liščić/Petrofer probe is to determine the cooling intensity during liquid quenching in laboratory and workshop environments. The surface heat-transfer coefficient is calculated by the one-dimensional finite-volume method from the smoothed temperature curve, measured at a near-surface point in the probe. Smoothed reference temperature curves for oil and water, based on measurements made with the probe, are used in a series of numerical experiments to investigate the sensitivity of the calculation with respect to various input parameters of the problem, such as thermal properties of the material, the near-surface thermocouple position, and the diameter of the probe. These results are relevant for other liquid quenchants, at least qualitatively, if not quantitatively. A similar type of analysis is conducted with respect to the variation of numerical simulation parameters in the finite-volume method—the choice of space and time steps for problem discretization. When the input curves are sufficiently smooth, the method itself is very reliable.
A Novel Targeted Learning Method for Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping
Authors: Wang Hui , Zhang Zhongyang , Rose Sherri , van der Laan Mark 
Published: September 2014

AbstractWe present a novel semiparametric method for quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping in experimental crosses. Conventional genetic mapping methods typically assume parametric models with Gaussian errors and obtain parameter estimates through maximum-likelihood estimation. In contrast with univariate regression and interval-mapping methods, our model requires fewer assumptions and also accommodates various machine-learning algorithms. Estimation is performed with targeted maximum-likelihood learning methods. We demonstrate our semiparametric targeted learning approach in a simulation study and a well-studied barley data set.
Physiological and Morphological Basis of Improved Water‐Use‐Efficiency in Wheat from Partial Root‐Zone Drying
Authors: Shi Changhai , Dong Baodi , Qiao Yunzhou , Guan Xiaoqing , Si Fuyan , Zheng Xin , Liu Mengyu 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTWater‐saving breeding and cultivation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) have always been among the important missions in North China. But there is still a dispute on the regulation of water use in winter wheat. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the physiological and morphological mechanisms of water use in two cultivars of winter wheat (KN9204 and drought‐tolerant LH2) via partial root‐zone drying (PRD). The results indicated that the weight of 1000 grains was higher under PRD conditions for both cultivars. Total water consumption per plant significantly decreased by 11.6 and 17.3% for KN9204 and LH2, respectively, and water‐use efficiency (WUE) significantly increased by 17.2 and 20.3% under PRD. The net photosynthetic rate did not differ between PRD and full irrigation (FI) for either cultivar; however, transpiration rate was lower under PRD than FI, which improved WUE at the leaf level. Flag leaf water potential was significantly lower under PRD than FI for both cultivars, while water content was similar for both treatments. The soluble sugars content of leaves of KN9204 was higher under PRD than FI, while the proline content was 45.9% (KN9204) and 15% (LH2) higher under PRD. Stomatal density increased under PRD, but stomatal width and area declined. Overall, the two types of winter wheat had both common and individual means of improving WUE under PRD conditions. The results would further improve the theoretical underpinning of water‐saving breeding and cultivation in winter wheat.
Quantitative Trait Loci for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Huangcandou × ‘Jagger’ Wheat Population
Authors: Cai Jin , Bai Guihua 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTFusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe, is a devastating disease in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and growing resistant cultivars is one of the most effective strategies to minimize its damage. Huangcandou (HCD) is a Chinese wheat landrace that shows a high level of resistance to FHB spread within a spike (type II). To identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for FHB resistance in HCD, 190 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were developed from HCD × ‘Jagger’. Jagger is a susceptible hard winter wheat from Kansas. The population was evaluated for the percentage of symptomatic spikelets (PSSs) per spike after single‐floret inoculation in three greenhouse experiments. Initial marker screening identified 261 polymorphic simple sequence repeats (SSRs) between the parents. Analysis of these markers in the RIL population identified five QTLs, three from HCD and two from Jagger chromosomes. Two of the three QTLs from HCD were mapped on the short arms of chromosomes 3B, one in the distal end (3BSd) and another near the centromere (3BSc); the third was on the short arm of 3A (3AS). The QTL on 3BSd coincides with the previously reported Fhb1 and explained 26.1% of phenotypic variation. The QTL on 3AS explained up to 10.0% of phenotypic variation. The two QTLs from Jagger on chromosomes 2D and 6D explained 9.5% and 6.7% of phenotypic variations, respectively. A combination of QTLs from HCD and Jagger can enhance FHB type II resistance in wheat.
An Exegesis of the IRC §107 Housing Exclusion
Authors: Campbell Linda J. , Jones Lynn Comer , Smith Pamela C. 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACT
The tax treatment of clergy housing allowances continues to be at the forefront of criticism and debate, on the premise it results in taxpayer inequity. IRC §107 allows clergy to exclude a parsonage allowance from gross income. A historical context and modern-day application of the law, based on clergy (spouse) interviews, is provided. The current legal tenor suggests the housing allowance is unconstitutional because it violates the Establishment Clause. Entanglement (based on the three-prong Lemon Test) is analyzed. The analysis results in a double-edged sword. It appears the exclusion fails the Establishment Clause, but abolishment of the exclusion would create additional taxpayer inequities. We propose both abolishing IRC §107 and amending IRC §119.
Multiple-instance learning with pairwise instance similarity
Authors: Yuan Liming , Liu Jiafeng , Tang Xianglong 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Multiple-Instance Learning (MIL) has attracted much attention of the machine learning community in recent years and many real-world applications have been successfully formulated as MIL problems. Over the past few years, several Instance Selection-based MIL (ISMIL) algorithms have been presented by using the concept of the embedding space. Although they delivered very promising performance, they often require long computation times for instance selection, leading to a low efficiency of the whole learning process. In this paper, we propose a simple and efficient ISMIL algorithm based on the similarity of pairwise instances within a bag. The basic idea is selecting from every training bag a pair of the most similar instances as instance prototypes and then mapping training bags into the embedding space that is constructed from all the instance prototypes. Thus, the MIL problem can be solved with the standard supervised learning techniques, such as support vector machines. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm is more efficient than its competitors and highly comparable with them in terms of classification accuracy. Moreover, the testing of noise sensitivity demonstrates that our MIL algorithm is very robust to labeling noise
A simultaneous localization and tracking method for a worm tracking system
Authors: Kowalski Mateusz , Kaczmarek Piotr , Kabaciński Rafał , Matuszczak Mieszko , Tranbowicz Kamil , Sobkowiak Robert 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The idea of worm tracking refers to the path analysis of Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes and is an important tool in neurobiology which helps to describe their behavior. Knowledge about nematode behavior can be applied as a model to study the physiological addiction process or other nervous system processes in animals and humans. Tracking is performed by using a special manipulator positioning a microscope with a camera over a dish with an observed individual. In the paper, the accuracy of a nematode’s trajectory reconstruction is investigated. Special attention is paid to analyzing errors that occurred during the microscope displacements. Two sources of errors in the trajectory reconstruction are shown. One is due to the difficulty in accurately measuring the microscope shift, the other is due to a nematode displacement during the microscope movement. A new method that increases path reconstruction accuracy based only on the registered sequence of images is proposed. The method Simultaneously Localizes And Tracks (SLAT) the nematodes, and is robust to the positioning system displacement errors. The proposed method predicts the nematode position by using NonParametric Regression (NPR). In addition, two other methods of the SLAT problem are implemented to evaluate the NPR method. The first consists in ignoring the nematode displacement during microscope movement, and the second is based on a Kalman filter. The results suggest that the SLAT method based on nonparametric regression gives the most promising results and decreases the error of trajectory reconstruction by 25% compared with reconstruction based on data from the positioning system
Forecasting return products in an integrated forward/reverse supply chain utilizing an ANFIS
Authors: Kumar D. Thresh , Soleimani Hamed , Kannan Govindan 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Interests in Closed-Loop Supply Chain (CLSC) issues are growing day by day within the academia, companies, and customers. Many papers discuss profitability or cost reduction impacts of remanufacturing, but a very important point is almost missing. Indeed, there is no guarantee about the amounts of return products even if we know a lot about demands of first products. This uncertainty is due to reasons such as companies’ capabilities in collecting End-of-Life (EOL) products, customers’ interests in returning (and current incentives), and other independent collectors. The aim of this paper is to deal with the important gap of the uncertainties of return products. Therefore, we discuss the forecasting method of return products which have their own open-loop supply chain. We develop an integrated two-phase methodology to cope with the closed-loop supply chain design and planning problem. In the first phase, an Adaptive Network Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is presented to handle the uncertainties of the amounts of return product and to determine the forecasted return rates. In the second phase, and based on the results of the first one, the proposed multi-echelon, multi-product, multi-period, closed-loop supply chain network is optimized. The second-phase optimization is undertaken based on using general exact solvers in order to achieve the global optimum. Finally, the performance of the proposed forecasting method is evaluated in 25 periods using a numerical example, which contains a pattern in the returning of products. The results reveal acceptable performance of the proposed two-phase optimization method. Based on them, such forecasting approaches can be applied to real-case CLSC problems in order to achieve more reliable design and planning of the network
People exposed to traffic noise in european agglomerations from noise maps. A critical review
Authors: Arana Miguel , San Martin Ricardo , Salinas Juan C. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractTwo of the main objectives of the European Directive on environmental noise are, firstly, to unify acoustic indices for assessing environmental noise and, secondly, to standardize assessment methodologies. The ultimate goal is to objectively and comparably manage the impact and evolution of environmental noise caused both by urban agglomerations and by traffic infrastructures (roads, rails and airports). The use of common indices and methodologies (together with five-year plan assessment required by the authorities in charge) should show how noise pollution levels are evolving plus the effectiveness of corrective measures implemented in the action plans. In this paper, available results fromnumerous European agglomerations (with particular emphasis on Spanish agglomerations) are compared and analysed. The impact and its evolution are based on the percentage of people exposed to noise. More specifically, it demonstrates the impact caused by road traffic, which proves to be the main noise source in all agglomerations. In many cases, the results are extremely remarkable. In some case, the results are illogical. For such cases, it can be concluded that either assessment methodologies have been signifi- cantly amended or the input variables to the calculation programs have been remarkably changed. The uncertainty associated with the results is such that, in our opinion, no conclusions can be drawn concerning the effectiveness of remedial measures designed within the action plans after the Directive’s first implementation Phase.
Manual Therapy and Exercise to Improve Outcomes in Patients With Muscle Tension Dysphonia: A Case Series
Authors: Tomlinson Carey A. , Archer Kristin R. 
Published: September 2014

Background and Purpose
Muscle tension dysphonia (MTD), a common voice disorder that is not commonly referred for physical therapy intervention, is characterized by excessive muscle recruitment, resulting in incorrect vibratory patterns of vocal folds and an alteration in voice production. This case series was conducted to determine whether physical therapy including manual therapy, exercise, and stress management education would be beneficial to this population by reducing excess muscle tension.

Case Description
Nine patients with MTD completed a minimum of 9 sessions of the intervention. Patient-reported outcomes of pain, function, and quality of life were assessed at baseline and the conclusion of treatment. The outcome measures were the numeric rating scale (NRS), Patient-Specific Functional Scale (PSFS), and Voice Handicap Index (VHI). Cervical and jaw range of motion also were assessed at baseline and postintervention using standard goniometric measurements.

Outcomes
Eight of the patients had no pain after treatment. All 9 of the patients demonstrated an improvement in PSFS score, with 7 patients exceeding a clinically meaningful improvement at the conclusion of the intervention. Three of the patients also had a clinically meaningful change in VHI scores. All 9 of the patients demonstrated improvement in cervical flexion and lateral flexion and jaw opening, whereas 8 patients improved in cervical extension and rotation postintervention.

Discussion
The findings suggest that physical therapists can feasibly implement an intervention to improve outcomes in patients with MTD. However, a randomized clinical trial is needed to confirm the results of this case series and the efficacy of the intervention. A clinical implication is the expansion of physical therapy to include referrals from voice centers for the treatment of MTD.