bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of an education intervention using email for the prevention of weight gain among adult workers
Authors: Jaime Patricia Constante , Bandoni Daniel Henrique , Sarno Flávio 
Published: August 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of a worksite intervention to prevent weight gain among adult workers.DesignA controlled community trial was performed by dividing the workers into two groups: intervention group (IG) and control group (CG). The theoretical framework applied was Intervention Mapping Protocol and the intervention was implemented through interactive software for weight self-monitoring. To evaluate the impact of the intervention, the differences in weight, BMI and waist circumference between the IG and CG were assessed before and 6 months after the intervention by regression models. Additionally, the sustainability of the intervention was evaluated at 12 months after the intervention.SettingsSão Paulo, Brazil.SubjectsFour companies; 281 workers for the analysis of effectiveness and 427 for the analysis of sustainability.ResultsThe intervention resulted in significant reductions in weight, BMI and waist circumference in the IG compared with the CG. The impact of the intervention on IG individuals’ body weight was −0·73 kg, while the weight of CG individuals increased. IG individuals with adequate initial weights did not show significant variations, while those who were overweight demonstrated a significant reduction in body weight. The intervention resulted in a reduction of 0·26 kg/m2 in BMI and 0·99 cm in waist circumference, and the sustainability analysis after 12 months showed a continued reduction in body weight (−0·72 kg).ConclusionsThe behavioural intervention was effective, resulting in weight maintenance among participants with adequate initial weight and in significant reductions among those who were overweight. More research on longer-term weight maintenance is needed.
The contribution of mixed dishes to vegetable intake among US children and adolescents
Authors: Branum Amy M , Rossen Lauren M 
Published: August 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the contribution of mixed dishes to vegetable consumption and to estimate vegetable intake according to specific types of vegetables and other foods among US children and adolescents.DesignThe 2003–2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a nationally representative probability survey conducted in the USA.SettingCivilian non-institutionalized US population.SubjectsAll children and adolescents aged 2–18 years who met eligibility criteria (n 9169).ResultsApproximately 59 % of total vegetable intake came from whole forms of vegetables with 41 % coming from a mixed dish. White potatoes (10·7 (se 0·6) %), fried potatoes (10·2 (se 0·4) %), potato chips (8·6 (se 0·5) %) and other vegetables (9·2 (se 0·5) %) accounted for most vegetables in their whole forms, whereas pasta dishes (9·5 (se 0·4) %), chilli/soups/stews (7·0 (se 0·5) %), pizza/calzones (7·6 (se 0·3) %) and other foods (13·7 (se 0·6) %) accounted for most mixed dishes. Usual mean vegetable intake was 1·02 cup equivalents/d; however, after excluding vegetables from mixed dishes, mean intake fell to 0·54 cup equivalents/d and to 0·32 cup equivalents/d when fried potatoes were further excluded.ConclusionsMixed dishes account for nearly half of overall vegetable intake in US children and adolescents. It is critical for future research to examine various components of vegetable intake carefully in order to inform policy and programmatic efforts aimed at improving dietary intake among children and adolescents.
Universal health coverage and user charges
Authors: Smith Peter C. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThere has been an explosion of interest in the concept of ‘universal health coverage’, fuelled by publication of the World Health Report 2010. This paper argues that the system of user charges for health services is a fundamental determinant of levels of coverage. A charge can lead to a loss of utility in two ways. Citizens who are deterred from using services by the charge will suffer an adverse health impact. And citizens who use the service will suffer a loss of wealth. The role of social health insurance is threefold: to reduce households’ financial risk associated with sickness; to promote enhanced access to needed health services; and to contribute to societal equity objectives, through an implicit financial transfer from rich to poor and healthy to sick. In principle, an optimal user charge policy can ensure that the social health insurance funds are used to best effect in pursuit of these objectives. This paper calls for a fundamental rethink of attitudes and policy towards user charges.
Financial markets, fiscal constraints, and municipal debt: lessons and evidence from the panic of 1873
Authors: DOVE JOHN A. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract:The current paper explores the municipal debt crisis that resulted from the panic of 1873, which caused a significant number of local governments in the United States to default on their debt obligations. The aftermath of that episode was one of constitutional change meant to constrain municipal governments from pursuing similar activities in the future. This paper empirically investigates the impact that these restrictions had on municipal borrowing costs, analyzed from bond yield data taken from several major US financial markets, so as to evaluate how binding and significant markets actually perceived these constraints to be. Overall, the results suggest that borrowing costs were lower for municipal governments that faced more stringent creditor guarantees regarding the issuing and repayment of debt, hard budget constraints, and also strict debt limits, while tax limits generally increased borrowing costs. These results not only conform too much of the current literature regarding the political economy of institutional constraints on public finance, they also add several important insights, especially when comparing defaulting to non-defaulting municipalities.
Regulating the private security industry: a story of regulating the last war
Authors: Percy Sarah 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThis article argues that attempts to regulate the private military and security industry have been stymied by a tendency to be constantly ‘regulating the last war’ or responding to the challenges of a previous manifestation of private force rather than dealing with the current challenges. It argues that states ought to more clearly consider the direction of the industry rather than regulate in response to crises, an approach that has left regulation unequipped to deal with two fields of PSC growth: the use of PSCs against piracy, and to deliver and support humanitarian aid.
Internet addiction and psychopathology in a community before and during an economic crisis
Authors: Siomos K. , Floros G. , Makris E. , Christou G. , Hadjulis M. 
Published: August 2013

Background.Internet addiction disorder (IAD) is a novel concept under scrutiny for a definite inclusion in the psychiatric taxonomy, after showing correlations with overt expressions of psychopathology. This study aims to assist the scientific dialogue concerning IAD while presenting comparative data on adolescent psychopathology before and during a major economic crisis that has affected Greece from 2010 onwards.Methods.This is a cross-sectional study of a high school student population, aged 12–18, on IAD which follows-up a 2006 survey, and is carried out 5 years later at the same school classes. A comparison on psychopathological symptoms between the two samples is carried out to confirm any underlying correlations with IAD while providing some first insight on any effects of the economic crisis on adolescent psyche.Results.Results indicate that Internet addiction is increased in this population paralleling the increase in Internet availability at home. Adolescents affected with IAD present with more psychopathological symptoms. A comparison between the 2006 and 2011 samples reveals lower rates of general psychopathology but similar burden of reported symptoms.Conclusions.Those findings are discussed in the framework of adolescent coping to adversity, individual reactions to major crises, as well as the general debate regarding the value of IAD as a distinct diagnosis. The effects of the economic crisis may have triggered an adaptive response in the adolescent population although IAD as a distinct nosological entity is clearly linked to more symptoms of overt psychopathology. Directions are offered for further research in countries affected by crises.
Erratum: Genetic diversity in cultured and wild marine cyanomyoviruses reveals phosphorus stress as a strong selective agent
Authors: Kelly Libusha , Ding Huiming , Huang Katherine H , Osburne Marcia S , Chisholm Sallie W 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Correction to: The ISME Journal xx, xxx–xxx; doi: 10.1038/ismej.2013.58; published online 9 May 2013 Since the publication of this article, the authors have noticed an error on page 2, concerning the following sentence: Our analysis does not include the highly divergent T4-like cyanomyovirus described recently by Sabehi et al.
Optimal interdependence between networks for the evolution of cooperation
Authors: Wang Zhen , Szolnoki Attila , Perc Matjaž 
Published: August 2013

AbstractRecent research has identified interactions between networks as crucial for the outcome of evolutionary games taking place on them. While the consensus is that interdependence does promote cooperation by means of organizational complexity and enhanced reciprocity that is out of reach on isolated networks, we here address the question just how much interdependence there should be. Intuitively, one might assume the more the better. However, we show that in fact only an intermediate density of sufficiently strong interactions between networks warrants an optimal resolution of social dilemmas. This is due to an intricate interplay between the heterogeneity that causes an asymmetric strategy flow because of the additional links between the networks and the independent formation of cooperative patterns on each individual network. Presented results are robust to variations of the strategy updating rule, the topology of interdependent networks and the governing social dilemma, thus suggesting a high degree of universality.
Client‐based Internet Protocol version 4‐Internet Protocol version 6 translation mechanism for Session Initiation Protocol multimedia services in next generation networks
Authors: Chen Whai‐En , Li Ssu‐Hsien 
Published: August 2013

In the ‘Next Generation Networks’, ‘Session Initiation Protocol’ (SIP) is widely used to control multimedia (e.g. voice and video) sessions and ‘Internet Protocol version 6’ (IPv6) is adopted to provide enough addressing space. However, in the current stage of IPv6 deployment, the newly IPv6‐enabled device [i.e. typically internet protocol version 4 (IPv4)/IPv6 dual‐stack device] may connect to an existing IPv4 device. In the traditional ‘server‐based solutions’, the SIP server is modified to perform the IPv4–IPv6 translations to the SIP messages and the real‐time transport protocol (RTP) packets. However, the IPv4–IPv6 translations increase the call setup latency, the RTP transmission delay and the packet loss possibility. To reduce the drawbacks, this study proposes a ‘client‐based solution’, where the client (i.e. the end device) instead of the SIP server performs the IPv4–IPv6 translation. The authors utilise the message flows to elaborate three server based and the proposed client‐based solutions. In addition, the authors implement all solutions and deploy them in an IPv4–IPv6 interworking testbed. By using the testbed, the authors analyse these solutions in terms of the ‘UA modification, the SIP Server modification, the call setup complexity and the RTP translation’.
Segmenting the human genome based on states of neutral genetic divergence
Authors: Kuruppumullage Don Prabhani , Ananda Guruprasad , Chiaromonte Francesca , Makova Kateryna D. 
Published: August 2013

Significance
In addition to a significant contribution to our understanding of the intricacies of mutagenesis, this study provides a powerful platform for mining biomedical data—which we make publicly available through the University of California Santa Cruz Genome Browser and the Galaxy portal. The divergence states we characterize serve as local background to benchmark signals used in computational algorithms for prediction of noncoding functional elements and in screening variants from cancer and other disease-affected genomes.
Two-state dynamics of the SH3–SH2 tandem of Abl kinase and the allosteric role of the N-cap
Authors: Corbi-Verge Carles , Marinelli Fabrizio , Zafra-Ruano Ana , Ruiz-Sanz Javier , Luque Irene , Faraldo-Gómez José D. 
Published: August 2013

Significance
There is increasing interest in developing pharmacological strategies to inhibit the allosteric regulatory mechanisms of signaling enzymes. The Abl tyrosine kinase is a prominent target, due to its ubiquitous cellular role and its involvement in cancer. Here, computational and experimental methods are used in synergy to probe the mechanism of the regulatory unit of Abl, whose dual function is to inhibit the enzyme and to mediate its interaction with other signaling proteins. Our results provide insights into the thermodynamic basis for the mechanism of Abl autoinhibition and activation and expand our understanding of the principles that govern modular domain organization.
Transcriptional response to stress in the dynamic chromatin environment of cycling and mitotic cells
Authors: Vihervaara Anniina , Sergelius Christian , Vasara Jenni , Blom Malin A. H. , Elsing Alexandra N. , Roos-Mattjus Pia , Sistonen Lea 
Published: August 2013

Significance
We determined the transcriptional program that is rapidly provoked to counteract heat-induced stress and uncovered the broad range of molecular mechanisms that maintain cellular homeostasis under hostile conditions. Because transcriptional responses are directed in the complex chromatin environment that undergoes dramatic changes during the cell cycle progression, we identified the genomewide transcriptional response to stress also in cells where the chromatin is condensed for mitotic division. Our results highlight the importance of the cell cycle phase in provoking cellular responses and identify molecular mechanisms that direct transcription during the progression of the cell cycle.
Consequences of domain insertion on sequence-structure divergence in a superfold
Authors: Pandya Chetanya , Brown Shoshana , Pieper Ursula , Sali Andrej , Dunaway-Mariano Debra , Babbitt Patricia C. , Xia Yu , Allen Karen N. 
Published: August 2013

Significance
Here, we determine the impact of large-domain insertions on the sequence and structure divergence of a ubiquitous protein scaffold (superfold). By performing quantitative analysis on a distinctive dataset of >150 protein structures, unique protein-design principles have been uncovered. Our work suggests that superfolds are tolerant to relatively large domain insertions when followed by accommodating mutations in the scaffold. This structural robustness may facilitate the development of directed evolution technologies that incorporate domains into existing scaffolds.
Disruption of centrifugal inhibition to olfactory bulb granule cells impairs olfactory discrimination
Authors: Nunez-Parra Alexia , Maurer Robert K. , Krahe Krista , Smith Richard S. , Araneda Ricardo C. 
Published: August 2013

Significance
Granule cells (GCs) are the most abundant neuronal type in the olfactory bulb (OB) and play a critical role in odor processing. GCs integrate bottom-up and top-down information and regulate the output of principal neurons to higher brain areas. Here, we provide direct evidence that GCs in the OB are regulated by GABAergic neurons from the basal forebrain and that disrupting this inhibition affects odor discrimination. Recent work has highlighted the role of feedback excitatory cortical inputs to the OB. Like the excitatory cortical feedback, the inhibitory input we describe could mediate fast changes in olfactory coding in the OB in response to rapid changes in environmental context.
Hypothalamo-pituitary and immune-dependent adrenal regulation during systemic inflammation
Authors: Kanczkowski Waldemar , Alexaki Vasileia-Ismini , Tran Nguyen , Großklaus Sylvia , Zacharowski Kai , Martinez Antoine , Popovics Petra , Block Norman L. , Chavakis Triantafyllos , Schally Andrew V. , Bornstein Stefan R. 
Published: August 2013

SignificanceIn several critically ill patients the homeostatic regulation of adrenocortical hormone secretion is impaired. Toll-like receptors (TLR) play a substantial role in HPA axis activation in the course of systemic inflammation. Here, using mice with conditional deletion of a crucial TLR adapter protein, MyD88, we investigated the role of systemic and local adrenal TLR signaling in the activation of adrenal glucocorticoid responses to stress and regulation of immune-adrenal crosstalk during systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Our results suggest that immune cells, rather than adrenal cells, are major regulators of the systemic and intra-adrenal inflammatory response to LPS. However, the full HPA axis activation in SIRS is not entirely dependent on systemic TLR signaling.
Relative Vulnerability of PIT‐Tagged Subyearling Fall Chinook Salmon to Predation by Caspian Terns and Double‐Crested Cormorants in the Columbia River Estuary
Authors: Sebring Scott H. , Carper Melissa C. , Ledgerwood Richard D. , Sandford Benjamin P. , Matthews Gene M. , Evans Allen F. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWe quantified the percentage of PIT‐tagged subyearling fall Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha that were consumed by Caspian terns Hydroprogne caspia and double‐crested cormorants Phalacrocorax auritus nesting on East Sand Island in the Columbia River estuary by electronically recovering PIT tags that were deposited on the bird colonies. We released 23 groups of PIT‐tagged subyearling fall Chinook Salmon from hatcheries in the lower Columbia River downstream of Bonneville Dam from 2002 to 2010. Vulnerability to avian predation was compared between PIT‐tagged subyearlings of two Columbia River basin stocks: tule and upriver bright (URB). Recoveries of PIT tags revealed that overall predation rates were significantly different between the tule stock (22%) and URB stock (3%); for fish that were detected as entering the lower Columbia River during the same week, predation rates also differed between stocks (tule: 21%; URB: 2%). Minimum predation rates on tule subyearlings originating from hatcheries downstream of Bonneville Dam were among the highest documented for any salmonid species in the Columbia River basin to date, occasionally exceeding 35% of the available fish. The ratio of URB fish consumed by the two avian predators indicated that the percentages were nearly equal (cormorant [%]: tern [%] = 51:49), whereas the ratio for tule‐stock fish consumed by the two avian species was not uniform (cormorant: tern = 81:19). Differences in predation rates between the tule stock and the URB stock may be attributable to migration behaviors exhibited in the estuary. We estimate that more than 8 million tule fall Chinook Salmon subyearlings released from hatcheries annually are consumed by double‐crested cormorants and Caspian terns nesting on East Sand Island; ongoing management actions by multiple federal, state, and tribal governments, if successful, will decrease predation on fall Chinook Salmon stocks.
A pattern matching approach to the automatic selection of particles from low-contrast electron micrographs
Authors: Abrishami V. , Zaldívar-Peraza A. , de la Rosa-Trevín J. M. , Vargas J. , Otón J. , Marabini R. , Shkolnisky Y. , Carazo J. M. , Sorzano C. O. S. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Motivation: Structural information of macromolecular complexes provides key insights into the way they carry out their biological functions. Achieving high-resolution structural details with electron microscopy requires the identification of a large number (up to hundreds of thousands) of single particles from electron micrographs, which is a laborious task if it has to be manually done and constitutes a hurdle towards high-throughput. Automatic particle selection in micrographs is far from being settled and new and more robust algorithms are required to reduce the number of false positives and false negatives.
Results: In this article, we introduce an automatic particle picker that learns from the user the kind of particles he is interested in. Particle candidates are quickly and robustly classified as particles or non-particles. A number of new discriminative shape-related features as well as some statistical description of the image grey intensities are used to train two support vector machine classifiers. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method: (i) has a considerably low computational complexity and (ii) provides results better or comparable with previously reported methods at a fraction of their computing time.
Availability: The algorithm is fully implemented in the open-source Xmipp package and downloadable from http://xmipp.cnb.csic.es.
Contact: vabrishami@cnb.csic.es or coss@cnb.csic.es
Supplementary Information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A new statistic for identifying batch effects in high-throughput genomic data that uses guided principal component analysis
Authors: Reese Sarah E. , Archer Kellie J. , Therneau Terry M. , Atkinson Elizabeth J. , Vachon Celine M. , de Andrade Mariza , Kocher Jean-Pierre A. , Eckel-Passow Jeanette E. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractMotivation: Batch effects are due to probe-specific systematic variation between groups of samples (batches) resulting from experimental features that are not of biological interest. Principal component analysis (PCA) is commonly used as a visual tool to determine whether batch effects exist after applying a global normalization method. However, PCA yields linear combinations of the variables that contribute maximum variance and thus will not necessarily detect batch effects if they are not the largest source of variability in the data.Results: We present an extension of PCA to quantify the existence of batch effects, called guided PCA (gPCA). We describe a test statistic that uses gPCA to test whether a batch effect exists. We apply our proposed test statistic derived using gPCA to simulated data and to two copy number variation case studies: the first study consisted of 614 samples from a breast cancer family study using Illumina Human 660 bead-chip arrays, whereas the second case study consisted of 703 samples from a family blood pressure study that used Affymetrix SNP Array 6.0. We demonstrate that our statistic has good statistical properties and is able to identify significant batch effects in two copy number variation case studies.Conclusion: We developed a new statistic that uses gPCA to identify whether batch effects exist in high-throughput genomic data. Although our examples pertain to copy number data, gPCA is general and can be used on other data types as well.Availability and implementation: The gPCA R package (Available via CRAN) provides functionality and data to perform the methods in this article.Contact: reesese@vcu.edu or eckel@mayo.eduSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.