bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract A42: Adherence to cancer screening tests among Appalachian women
Authors: Paskett Electra D. , Young Gregory , Pennell Michael , Katz Mira L. , Reiter Paul L. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Purpose. Appalachian populations suffer from higher rates of cancer incidence and mortality than non-Appalachian populations. Research has documented disparities in the receipt of recent cancer screening tests for each test individually (ie, mammography (MA), Pap Test (PT) and colonoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy or FOBT (CRC)), however, no study has documented disparities in the receipt of multiple screening tests in this population.
Methods. As part of a larger study on community-based participatory research strategies to reach Appalachian community members about the need for CRC screening, we surveyed 644 women aged 51-75 who completed a phone survey after being randomly selected from commercially available lists for 12 Appalachian Ohio counties. The survey included questions about the receipt of PT (within last year), MA (within the last year), and CRC (last year for FOBT, last 5 years for FS and last 10 years for colonoscopy). The frequencies of each test, as well as the total number of tests reported (0,1,2,3), were calculated. Analysis of factors associated with being in guidelines by test and by number of tests was also conducted.
Results. About 2/3 of the women (67%) had not had a recent PT, 46% had not had a recent MA, and 46% were not within guidelines for CRC. Only 19% of the women were within guidelines for all 3 tests, with 27% reporting not being within guidelines for any of the 3 tests. Predictors of adherence to the screening tests will be presented.
Conclusions. Many women in Appalachia Ohio have not received recent cancer screening tests. The PT appears to be the most underused, which may explain the higher cervical cancer mortality rates in this region of the country. A quarter of the women were not adherent to any of the 3 tests, which suggests that interventions should focus on improving multiple screening behaviors to reduce high cancer rates in this underserved population.
Citation Format: Electra D. Paskett, Gregory Young, Michael Pennell, Mira L. Katz, Paul L. Reiter. Adherence to cancer screening tests among Appalachian women. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Sixth AACR Conference: The Science of Cancer Health Disparities; Dec 6–9, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014;23(11 Suppl):Abstract nr A42. doi:10.1158/1538-7755.DISP13-A42
Abstract A45: HPV awareness prevents positive infections
Authors: Kenya Sonjia , Fatil Marie , Koru-Sengul Tulay , Kobetz Erin , Carrasquillo Olveen 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Background: Haitian Immigrant women, the largest growing Black ethnic group in Miami, experience the highest rates of cervical cancer and account for one of the largest populations diagnosed with HIV/AIDS in South Florida.
Objective: Using community-based participatory research methods, we examined HPV/cervical cancer knowledge and intervention preferences among HIV positive Haitian women. This data was used to develop and pilot test a culture-specific educational intervention among HIV positive and sexually active HIV negative Haitian women in Miami, Florida. The pilot study was conducted in two phases.
Methods:
Phase 1: Qualitative, August 2011: Three focus groups with 21 HIV-positive Haitian women living in Miami, Florida were completed in Haitian Kreyol, digitally recorded, and later interpreted and transcribed into English. The first focus group assessed HPV Knowledge; the second session explored HPV considerations specific to HIV positive women, and the third focus group discussed HPV Screening and intervention preferences.
Phase 2: Quantitative, July 2012 – Nov 2012: Using feedback from the focus groups, a flip-chart with educational illustrations was developed. Five small group (3-10 participants) HPV/Cervical Cancer education sessions led by a community health worker were conducted with 25 sexually active Haitian women (8 HIV + and 13 HIV –). Surveys assessing HPV/Cervical Cancer knowledge, screening behaviors, and research participation were administered at baseline and 3 months post-study.
Results: Three month follow up data was collected on 21 of the 25 women who participated in Phase 2 of the study. Participants' mean age was 52+8yrs, 71% lived in US &gt; 5 years, and 71% were uninsured. At post study, the percent of women answering &gt; 4/6 questions correct increased from 10% to 28% and the number of women who heard of HPV increased from 48% to 81%. All (100%) of participants were willing to participate in a research study.
Conclusions: An intensive one time small group educational intervention was associated with small improvements in cervical cancer / HPV knowledge at 3 months. Our findings show strong support for increased clinical research targeting low SES Haitian women.
Citation Format: Sonjia Kenya, Marie Fatil, Tulay Koru-Sengul, Erin Kobetz, Olveen Carrasquillo. HPV awareness prevents positive infections. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Sixth AACR Conference: The Science of Cancer Health Disparities; Dec 6–9, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014;23(11 Suppl):Abstract nr A45. doi:10.1158/1538-7755.DISP13-A45
Abstract A74: Community engagement approach to address contributors to cancer health disparities in Worcester, MA
Authors: Jesus-Monge Wilfredo Eugenio De , Jesus-Monge Vivianna Margarita De 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Introduction: Community engagement is the process of working collaboratively with groups of people, considering that approaches for their health improvement must account for their concerns. Cancer health disparities are adverse differences in cancer incidence, prevalence, mortality, survivorship, and burden or related health conditions that exist among specific population groups in the US. Low socioeconomic status (SES) is a factor that contributes to the observed cancer health disparities among racial, ethnic, and underserved groups. SES is most often based on a person's income, education level, and other factors, such as native language and household composition. The objectives of this poster are: 1) to compare the racial / ethnic composition and SES factors in Worcester, Massachusetts (MA) with MA state and US, 2) to compare SES factors by racial / ethnic groups in Worcester, MA, and 3) to discuss how community engagement research can address the contributors to cancer health disparities.
Methods: Racial/ethnic composition and SES factors were collected from the US Census Bureau.
Results: The percentage of Hispanics, non-Hispanic (NH) Blacks, and NH Asians was higher in Worcester, MA population than in MA state in 2010. In addition, the percentage of families and people whose income is below the poverty level is higher in Worcester, MA than in MA state and US. Finally, the percentage of the population of Worcester, MA that has single-parent family households, non-family householders living alone, or speaks at home a language other than English is higher than in MA state and US.
Conclusion: Community engagement research is necessary to tackle the SES factors that can contribute to cancer health disparities in Worcester, MA.
Funding: National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute Research Supplement to Promote Diversity in Health-related Research (PI Brian C. Lewis, PhD, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA).
Citation Format: Wilfredo Eugenio De Jesus-Monge, Vivianna Margarita De Jesus-Monge. Community engagement approach to address contributors to cancer health disparities in Worcester, MA. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Sixth AACR Conference: The Science of Cancer Health Disparities; Dec 6–9, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014;23(11 Suppl):Abstract nr A74. doi:10.1158/1538-7755.DISP13-A74
Abstract A78: Factors associated with screening mammography in Asian Americans: Test of the Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Services Use
Authors: Do ThuyQuynh Ngoc , Peek M. Kristen 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Despite its effectiveness as a preventive measure, minority women are less likely to obtain screening mammograms. Although numerous studies have examined factors associated with mammography utilization and women's adherence to mammography screening guidelines, less attention has been directed to mammography adherence among Asian Americans and how nativity influences adherence. Asian Americans may be one of the fastest growing racial/ethnic groups in the United States, but remains one of the most poorly understood minorities in terms of screening mammography adherence. Using an adapted Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Services Use and data from the California Health Interview Survey (2001-2009), this study sought to determine the relationship between predisposing, enabling, and need factors on mammography adherence among Asian Americans and to determine if it varied by nativity. The sample included 8,353 Asian Americans with 80.2% foreign-born. A multivariate logistic regression models were used to explore the association between enabling, predisposing, and need factors to screening mammography. The factors associated with screening mammography varied by nativity. Among U.S.-born Asian females, mammography adherence was associated with current smokers, prior cancer prevention health service use, Asians over the age of 65 years old, household size, speaking English very good or well and being uninsured. Among foreign-born Asian females, mammography adherence is associated with being overweight, sedentary, prior cancer prevention health service use, age (50-64 years old), household size, marital status, health insurance, and having one or more chronic conditions. Understanding the factors that impact mammography adherence may inform intervention strategies.
Citation Format: ThuyQuynh Ngoc Do, M. Kristen Peek. Factors associated with screening mammography in Asian Americans: Test of the Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Services Use. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Sixth AACR Conference: The Science of Cancer Health Disparities; Dec 6–9, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014;23(11 Suppl):Abstract nr A78. doi:10.1158/1538-7755.DISP13-A78
Abstract A90: Changes in lung cancer rate over four years in a tobacco producing state: Examining the effect of race and gender
Authors: Husaini Baqar A. , Cain Van , Novotny Mehhan , Samad Zaheed , Levine Robert 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Objective: According to a recent CDC report, lung cancer rates have declined in several states during 19975-2005. Tennessee, being a tobacco producing State, has received a large settlement from the tobacco industry and engaged in quit smoking program since 2006. Effective October 2007, the state also banned smoking in public places. However, the effect of this ban and smoking cessation program on lung cancer rates remains unknown. This presentation examines whether the lung cancer rates have changed over four years (2005-2008), and whether they vary by race and gender.
Methods: We extracted relevant data pertaining to primary diagnosis of lung cancer (adenocarcinoma, ICD-9 codes of 160-165) and demographics from Tennessee Hospital Discharge Data system (HDDS) for 2005-2008. Data for each year pertained to 3,500 patients, mostly white (79%) and males (56.8%) with an average age of 66 years. To examine the effect of race and gender on cancer rate, we computed lung cancer prevalence rates per CDC procedures for age-adjusted rates (per 100,000 hospitalized patient population standardized to 2000 Census).
Results: Our analyses show that the overall rates of lung cancer increased during four years by 26.3% (from 61.6/100K in 2005 to 77.8/100K in 2008). The increase was larger for blacks than whites (66.0% vs. 42.2%, p&lt;.001). In general, in each year, rates were higher for blacks than whites (48.2 vs. 46.2 in 2005, 57.9 vs. 54.5 in 2006, 71.1 vs. 64.9 in 2007, and 80.0 vs. 65.7 in 2008). Similarly in each year, rates were higher for males than females (75.5 vs. 50.6 in 2005, 75.2 vs. 48.1 in 2006, 92.1 vs. 62.1 in 2007, and 93.8 vs. 65.3 in 2008). Further analyses revealed that (i) higher black rates were largely driven by higher rates among black males, and (ii) rates increased linearly from ages 45 through 74 years, and this was true for both black and white patients (both males and females). After age 84, rates dropped dramatically reflecting increasing mortality.
Conclusion: Lung cancer rates have increased for both blacks and males. However, it is too early to tell if smoking cessation programs, banning asbestos use and smoking in public places will produce the desired decline in lung cancer rates. The results at present point to the need for more population-based intensive smoking cessation programs in Tennessee to lower lung cancer rates.
Citation Format: Baqar A. Husaini, Van Cain, Mehhan Novotny, Zaheed Samad, Robert Levine. Changes in lung cancer rate over four years in a tobacco producing state: Examining the effect of race and gender. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Sixth AACR Conference: The Science of Cancer Health Disparities; Dec 6–9, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014;23(11 Suppl):Abstract nr A90. doi:10.1158/1538-7755.DISP13-A90
Abstract B15: Development and validation of an areca (betel) nut usage measurement tool for Micronesia
Authors: Paulino Yvette C. , Novotny Rachel , Katz Alan , Wilkens Lynne , Hurwitz Eric 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Roughly 10% of the world's population chews areca nut, known as betel nut for the Piper betle leaf often chewed with the nut. It is the fourth most widely used addictive substance after nicotine, ethanol, and caffeine. Capturing the wide variability in chewing patterns among Micronesian ethnic subgroups is important, as it may lead to differing betel nut-oral cancer associations. A Betel Nut Measurement Tool (BENUT) was developed in 2007-2009 with Micronesian ethnic subgroups living in Guam. Subsequently, eighty-two betel nut chewers (42 males; 40 females) participated in the validation of BENUT against four weekly betel nut recalls. Concordance between the instruments was measured with Cohen's kappa. Areca nut comparisons were made on variety (red/white); maturity (unripe/ripe); and the addition of the Piper betle leaf, slaked lime, and tobacco (yes/no). Correlations were used for frequency measures (never, sometimes, usually, always) of ingestion and of adding the aforementioned ingredients. The BENUT was effective in measuring most variables with correlations of 0.60-0.93. The lowest correlations were: Piper betle leaf addition (0.10; 95% CL=-0.05-0.47 in males), Piper betle leaf frequency (0.25; 95% CL=0.09-0.41 in males), and slaked lime frequency (0.05; 95% CL=-0.05-0.14 in males and 0.12; 95% CL=0.04-0.19 in females). Occasional users of the Piper betle leaf among men and of the slaked lime among men and women tended to underestimate their use on the questionnaire. The BENUT is a valid instrument, and with modifications to the frequency of Piper betle leaf/slaked lime questions, can be used in epidemiologic studies in the region.
Citation Format: Yvette C. Paulino, Rachel Novotny, Alan Katz, Lynne Wilkens, Eric Hurwitz. Development and validation of an areca (betel) nut usage measurement tool for Micronesia. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Sixth AACR Conference: The Science of Cancer Health Disparities; Dec 6–9, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014;23(11 Suppl):Abstract nr B15. doi:10.1158/1538-7755.DISP13-B15
Abstract B24: Differential profiles of methylation in African American and Caucasian men diagnosed with prostate cancer
Authors: Koochekpour Shahriar , Zabaleta Jovanny 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Background. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common non-skin cancer in men. Risk factors include age, African race, and family history. Methylation has been associated with gene regulation and prostate cancer development. Here we compared the global methylation profiles in normal and malignant tissues of African American (AA) and Caucasian patients with PCa.
Methods. DNA was extracted, treated with sodium bisulfite and hybridized to chips interrogating the status of more than 27,000 CpG sites in 14,000 genes. The β value (methylation fraction) was compared separately between normal and malignant tissues from AA and Caucasians to identify those CpG with at least 2-fold change (tumor/normal). The genes containing those differentially methylated CpG were analyzed in MetaCore to find cellular processes associated with either AA or Caucasians, or both.
Results. Two hundred fifteen (215) CpG sites were associated with AA, 42 CpG sites were found exclusively in Caucasians, and 47 were found in both ethnic groups. Pathway and network analyses showed that the most prominent cellular processes associated with the genes harboring those significant CpG sites in AA are involved in tissue remodeling / wound repair (p=2.98 x 10-5) and neurogenesis (1.068 x 10-5), while neurotransmission (p=0.006) and regulation of proliferation (p=0.0004) were the most prominent in Caucasians. Calcium signaling and platelet aggregation were the most prominent common processes to both ethnic groups.
Conclusion. Divergent pathways may exist in PCA in AA and Caucasians suggesting different targets for treatment
Citation Format: Shahriar Koochekpour, Jovanny Zabaleta. Differential profiles of methylation in African American and Caucasian men diagnosed with prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Sixth AACR Conference: The Science of Cancer Health Disparities; Dec 6–9, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014;23(11 Suppl):Abstract nr B24. doi:10.1158/1538-7755.DISP13-B24
Abstract B28: Racial/ethnic differences in prostate-specific antigen levels among U.S. men with metabolic syndrome: Results from NHANES 2001-2006
Authors: Advani Shailesh M. , Lopez David S. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Objective: Effect of the interplay between metabolic syndrome and race/ethnicity on prostate specific antigen (PSA) remains unclear. Different definitions of metabolic syndrome (National Cholesterol Education Program [ATP III], International Diabetes Federation [IDF] and World Health Organization [WHO]) may influence PSA disparities. Prevalence of these definitions varies by race/ethnicity. Little is known whether the degree to which serum PSA levels differ is dependent upon the metabolic syndrome definition used, and whether these associations vary by race and ethnicity.
Methods: We measured serum PSA (ng/mL) in 3528 adult men &gt;40 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2006. Metabolic syndrome was defined with ATP III, IDF, and WHO criteria. Racial/ethnic groups included non-Hispanic blacks (NHB's), non-Hispanic whites (NHW's) and Mexican-Americans (MA's). We computed adjusted geometric mean PSA by definition of metabolic syndrome and race/ethnicity. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis were performed.
Results: Univariate analysis was used to calculate age adjusted geometric mean PSA. Multivariable analysis were adjusted for age, smoking, moderate and vigorous physical activity and plasma-volume. Multivariable analyses showed men classified with ATP III and WHO metabolic syndrome had lower PSA concentrations than those without it (P=0.01 and P=0.03, respectively). Stratifying these associations by race and ethnicity showed that NHW's classified with ATP III and WHO definitions had lower PSA concentrations than those without it (P&lt;0.01 and P=0.04, respectively). Similarly, MA's classified with WHO metabolic syndrome had lower PSA concentration than those without it (P=0.02). No significant differences were detected in PSA levels among NHB's with and without metabolic syndrome.
Conclusion: Different criteria for defining metabolic syndrome and its stratification by race and ethnicity had an inverse effect on PSA concentrations among MA and NHW. Our findings highlight the implications when investigating the interplay of different anthropometric measurements and metabolic factors with PSA levels by race and ethnicity.
Citation Format: Shailesh M. Advani, David S. Lopez. Racial/ethnic differences in prostate-specific antigen levels among U.S. men with metabolic syndrome: Results from NHANES 2001-2006. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Sixth AACR Conference: The Science of Cancer Health Disparities; Dec 6–9, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014;23(11 Suppl):Abstract nr B28. doi:10.1158/1538-7755.DISP13-B28
Abstract B40: Injectable multifunctional biodegradable polymeric microspheres for localized drug delivery in breast cancer treatment
Authors: Obayemi John David , Soboyejo Winston Oluwole , Odusanya Olushola S. , Anuku Nicolas , Uhrich Kathryn E. , Yue Wei 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The conventional methods for the treatment of breast cancer include: bulk systematic surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. These have been associated with high cost and severe side effects. However, the incremental improvements in breast cancer therapy are far from addressing the challenges associated with the cost and side effects of breast cancer treatment. There is, therefore, the need to develop localized drug delivery systems that mitigate these side effects. This research explores the synthesis and physicochemical characterization of injectable multi-functional biodegradable polymer-based microparticles with sizes of the order of ∼ 1-10 μm. These are loaded with a biosynthesized cancer drug (prodigiosin) that is obtained from the bacteria Serratia marcescens, for controlled drug release. By integrating therapeutic agents, these multi-functional and porous particles can serve as reservoirs for localized drug delivery. The prodigiosin was encapsulated using a double emulsion solvent evaporation technique in the presence of poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) emulsifier, which are all approved by WHO and FDA as implant materials for use in medicine and pharmacy. The dependence of the particle size and morphology, and the in-vitro release of the drug used were elucidated using a combination of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and UV-visible spectrophotometry. The drug loading efficiency and the encapsulation efficiency were also shown to be ∼ 1 % and 82 % respectively. The implications of the results are discussed for the potential development of injectable multi-functional polymeric microparticles for the targeting and localized drug delivery of drugs for the treatment of breast cancer.
Citation Format: John David Obayemi, Winston Oluwole Soboyejo, Olushola S. Odusanya, Nicolas Anuku, Kathryn E. Uhrich, Wei Yue. Injectable multifunctional biodegradable polymeric microspheres for localized drug delivery in breast cancer treatment. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Sixth AACR Conference: The Science of Cancer Health Disparities; Dec 6–9, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014;23(11 Suppl):Abstract nr B40. doi:10.1158/1538-7755.DISP13-B40