bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reinforced Electrode Architecture for a Flexible Battery with Paperlike Characteristics
Authors: Gaikwad Abhinav M. , Chu Howie N. , Qeraj Rigers , Zamarayeva Alla M. , Steingart Daniel A. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractCompliant energy storage has not kept pace with flexible electronics. Herein we demonstrate a technique to reinforce arbitrary battery electrodes by supporting them with mechanically tough, low‐cost fibrous membranes, which also serve as the separator. The membranes were laminated to form a full cell, and this stacked membrane reinforcement bears the loads during flexing. This technique was used to make a high energy density, nontoxic Zn–MnO2 battery with printed current collectors. The Zn and MnO2 electrodes were prepared by using a solution‐based embedding process. The cell had a nominal potential of 1.5 V and an effective capacity of approximately 3 mA h cm−2. We investigated the effect of bending and fatigue on the electrochemical performance and mechanical integrity of the battery. The battery was able to maintain its capacity even after 1000 flex cycles to a bend radius of 2.54 cm. The battery showed an improvement in discharge capacity (ca. 10 %) if the MnO2 electrode was flexed to tension as a result of the improvement of particle‐to‐particle contact. In a demonstration, the flexible battery was used to power a light‐emitting diode display integrated with a strain sensor and microcontroller.
Polymeric Ionic Hybrid as Solid Acid Catalyst for the Selective Conversion of Fructose and Glucose to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Li Hu , He Xudong , Zhang Qiuyun , Chang Fei , Xue Wei , Zhang Yuping , Yang Song 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe dehydration of fructose to 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in the presence of a SO3H‐functionalized heteropolyanion‐based polymeric hybrid catalyst is investigated. Poly(1‐vinyl‐3‐propane sulfonate imidazolium)‐H3PW12O40 [poly(VMPS)‐PW], a supported ionic liquid catalyst (SILC) was prepared and used as a heterogeneous Brønsted‐acidic catalyst. We demonstrate that an 83% yield of HMF can be obtained at 130 ºC after 60 min using DMSO as the solvent, under atmospheric pressure. The catalytic scope of poly(VMPS)‐PW is studied by using it as a catalyst for the dehydration of glucose. We demonstrate that the catalyst is also suitable for conversion of glucose to HMF, with a yield of 26 % under mild conditions. Moreover, the acidic hybrid catalyst is easily separated from the reaction mixture by centrifugation. The ability to recycle the catalyst is demonstrated and poly(VMPS)‐PW is reused five times without significant loss of activity.
Explicit reduced‐order models for the stabilized finite element approximation of the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Baiges Joan , Codina Ramon , Idelsohn Sergio 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYIn this paper, we present an explicit formulation for reduced‐order models of the stabilized finite element approximation of the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. The basic idea is to build a reduced‐order model based on a proper orthogonal decomposition and a Galerkin projection and treat all the terms in an explicit way in the time integration scheme, including the pressure. This is possible because the reduced model snapshots do already fulfill the continuity equation. The pressure field is automatically recovered from the reduced‐order basis and solution coefficients. The main advantage of this explicit treatment of the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations is that it allows for the easy use of hyper‐reduced order models, because only the right‐hand side vector needs to be recovered by means of a gappy data reconstruction procedure. A method for choosing the optimal set of sampling points at the discrete level in the gappy procedure is also presented. Numerical examples show the performance of the proposed strategy. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structures of the oceanic lithosphere‐asthenosphere boundary: Mineral‐physics modeling and seismological signatures
Authors: Olugboji T. M. , Karato S. , Park J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe explore possible models for the seismological signature of the oceanic lithosphere‐asthenosphere boundary (LAB) using the latest mineral‐physics observations. The key features that need to be explained by any viable model include (1) a sharp (<20 km width) and a large (5–10%) velocity drop, (2) LAB depth at ~70 km in the old oceanic upper mantle, and (3) an age‐dependent LAB depth in the young oceanic upper mantle. We examine the plausibility of both partial melt and sub‐solidus models. Because many of the LAB observations in the old oceanic regions are located in areas where temperature is ~1000–1200°K, significant partial melting is difficult. We examine a layered model and a melt‐accumulation model (at the LAB) and show that both models are difficult to reconcile with seismological observations. A sub‐solidus model assuming absorption‐band (AB) physical dispersion is inconsistent with the large velocity drop at the LAB. We explore a new sub‐solidus model, originally proposed by Karato [2012], that depends on grain‐boundary sliding. In contrast to the previous model where only the AB behavior was assumed, the new model predicts an age‐dependent LAB structure including the age‐dependent LAB depth and its sharpness. Strategies to test these models are presented.
Liver fatty acid binding protein (L-Fabp) modulates murine stellate cell activation and diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Chen Anping , Tang Youcai , Davis Victoria , Hsu Fong-Fu , Kennedy Susan M. , Song Haowei , Turk John , Brunt Elizabeth M. , Newberry Elizabeth P. , Davidson Nicholas O. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is crucial to the development of fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Quiescent HSCs contain lipid droplets (LDs), whose depletion upon activation induces a fibrogenic gene program. Here we show that liver fatty acid-binding protein (L-Fabp), an abundant cytosolic protein that modulates fatty acid (FA) metabolism in enterocytes and hepatocytes, also modulates HSC FA utilization and in turn regulates the fibrogenic program. L-Fabp expression decreased 10-fold following HSC activation, concomitant with depletion of LDs. Primary HSCs isolated from

L-FABP

−/− mice contain fewer LDs than wild-type (WT) HSCs, and exhibit up-regulated expression of genes involved in HSC activation. Adenoviral L-Fabp transduction inhibited activation of passaged WT HSCs and increased both the expression of prolipogenic genes and also augmented intracellular lipid accumulation, including triglyceride and FA, predominantly palmitate. Freshly isolated HSCs from

L-FABP

−/− mice correspondingly exhibited decreased palmitate in the free FA pool. To investigate whether

L-FABP

deletion promotes HSC activation

in vivo

, we fed

L-FABP

−/− and WT mice a high-fat diet supplemented with trans-fatty acids and fructose (TFF). TFF-fed

L-FABP

−/− mice exhibited reduced hepatic steatosis along with decreased LD abundance and size compared to WT mice. In addition, TFF-fed

L-FABP

−/− mice exhibited decreased hepatic fibrosis, with reduced expression of fibrogenic genes, compared to WT mice.

Conclusion

:

L-FABP

deletion attenuates both diet-induced hepatic steatosis and fibrogenesis, despite the observation that L-Fabp paradoxically promotes FA and LD accumulation and inhibits HSC activation

in vitro

. These findings highlight the importance of cell-specific modulation of hepatic lipid metabolism in promoting fibrogenesis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Toxicity of ethylmercury (and Thimerosal): a comparison with methylmercury
Authors: Dórea José G. , Farina Marcelo , Rocha João B. T. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTEthylmercury (etHg) is derived from the metabolism of thimerosal (o‐carboxyphenyl‐thio‐ethyl‐sodium salt), which is the most widely used form of organic mercury. Because of its application as a vaccine preservative, almost every human and animal (domestic and farmed) that has been immunized with thimerosal‐containing vaccines has been exposed to etHg. Although methylmercury (meHg) is considered a hazardous substance that is to be avoided even at small levels when consumed in foods such as seafood and rice (in Asia), the World Health Organization considers small doses of thimerosal safe regardless of multiple/repetitive exposures to vaccines that are predominantly taken during pregnancy or infancy. We have reviewed in vitro and in vivo studies that compare the toxicological parameters among etHg and other forms of mercury (predominantly meHg) to assess their relative toxicities and potential to cause cumulative insults. In vitro studies comparing etHg with meHg demonstrate equivalent measured outcomes for cardiovascular, neural and immune cells. However, under in vivo conditions, evidence indicates a distinct toxicokinetic profile between meHg and etHg, favoring a shorter blood half‐life, attendant compartment distribution and the elimination of etHg compared with meHg. EtHg's toxicity profile is different from that of meHg, leading to different exposure and toxicity risks. Therefore, in real‐life scenarios, a simultaneous exposure to both etHg and meHg might result in enhanced neurotoxic effects in developing mammals. However, our knowledge on this subject is still incomplete, and studies are required to address the predictability of the additive or synergic toxicological effects of etHg and meHg (or other neurotoxicants). Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Set‐up of an infrared fast behavioral assay using zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae, and its application in compound biotoxicity screening
Authors: Bichara Darío , Calcaterra Nora B. , Arranz Silvia , Armas Pablo , Simonetta Sergio H. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractZebrafish (Danio rerio) is increasingly employed for evaluating toxicity and drug discovery assays. Commonly experimental approaches for biotoxicity assessment are based on visual inspection or video recording. However, these techniques are limited for large‐scale assays, as they demand either a time‐consuming detailed inspection of the animals or intensive computing resources in order to analyze a considerable amount of screenshots. Recently, we have developed a simple methodology for tracking the locomotor activity of small animals cultured in microtiter plates. In this work, we implemented this automatic methodology, based on infrared (IR) microbeam scattering, for measuring behavioral activity in zebrafish larvae. We determined the appropriate culture conditions, number of animals and stage of development to get robust results. Furthermore, we validated this methodology as a rapid test for evaluating toxicity. By measuring the effects of reference compounds on larvae activity, we were able to estimate the concentration that could cause a 50% decrease in activity events values (AEC50), showing a strong linear correlation (R2 = 0.91) with the LC50 values obtained with the standard DarT test. The toxicity order of the measured compounds was CuSO4 > 2,4‐dinitrophenol > 3,4‐dichloroaniline > SDS > sodium benzoate > EDTA > K2CrO4; regarding solvents, EtOH ≈ DMSO. In this study, we demonstrate that global swimming behavior could be a simple readout for toxicity, easy to scale‐up in automated experiments. This approach is potentially applicable for fast ecotoxicity assays and whole‐organism high‐throughput compound screening, reducing the time and money required to evaluate unknown samples and to identify leading pharmaceutical compounds. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigation of potential injectable polymeric biomaterials for bone regeneration
Authors: Dreifke Michael B. , Ebraheim Nabil A. , Jayasuriya Ambalangodage C. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article reviews the potential injectable polymeric biomaterial scaffolds currently being investigated for application in bone tissue regeneration. Two types of injectable biomaterial scaffolds are focused in this review, including injectable microspheres and injectable gels. The injectable microspheres section covers several polymeric materials, including poly(L‐lactide‐co‐glycolide)‐PLGA, poly(propylene fumarate), and chitosan. The injectable gel section covers alginate gels, hyaluronan hydrogels, poly(ethylene‐glycol)‐PEG hydrogels, and PEG‐PLGA copolymer hydrogels. This review focuses on the effect of cellular behaviorin vitroandin vivoin terms of material properties of polymers, such as biodegradation, biocompatibility, porosity, microsphere size, and cross‐linking nature. Injectable polymeric biomaterials offer a major advantage for orthopedic applications by allowing the ability to use noninvasive or minimally invasive treatment methods. Therefore, combining injectable polymeric biomaterial scaffolds with cells have a significant potential to treat orthopedic bone defects, including spine fusion, and craniofacial and periodontal defects. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2013.
Significance of Antibodies Against the Native Ribosomal P Protein Complex and Recombinant P0, P1, and P2 Proteins in the Diagnosis of Chinese Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Li Jing , Shen Ying , He Jing , Jia Rulin , Wang Xiujie , Chen Xiaosan , Wang Dahai , Han Lei , Zhu Lei , Chi Xiaofeng , Saschenbrecker Sandra , Dähnrich Cornelia , Stöcker Winfried , Schlumberger Wolfgang , Li Zhan‐Guo 
Published: February 2013

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate autoantibodies against the native ribosomal P complex (anti‐Rib‐PC) and recombinant ribosomal P proteins (anti‐Rib‐P0, anti‐Rib‐P1, anti‐Rib‐P2) for their prevalence, diagnostic relevance and clinical associations in a Chinese cohort with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsAnti‐Rib‐P, anti‐dsDNA and anti‐Smith antigen (Sm) antibodies were analyzed in sera from 198 patients with SLE, 33 with rheumatoid arthritis, 61 with Sjögren's syndrome and 70 healthy individuals by means of ELISA.ResultsAntibody prevalences were 29.8% (anti‐Rib‐PC), 33.3% (anti‐Rib‐P0), 42.9% (anti‐Rib‐P1) and 34.3% (anti‐Rib‐P2), at a specificity of 99%. Among SLE patients lacking anti‐dsDNA and anti‐Sm, 27.8% showed positive for at least one of the investigated anti‐Rib‐P types. The serological hit rate provided by anti‐dsDNA/anti‐Sm detection (72.7%) was increased upon parallel testing for anti‐Rib‐PC (77.3%) or anti‐Rib‐P0/P1/P2 (80.3%). Anti‐Rib‐P positivity was associated with disease activity, neuropsychiatric events, lupus nephritis, skin rash, lymphocytopenia, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rates, decreased complement C3/C4 and elevated IgA/IgG levels.ConclusionBased on these results, antibodies against ribosomal P proteins are important complementary parameters to anti‐dsDNA and anti‐Sm, and should be considered for inclusion in the classification criteria for SLE. The diagnostic value of anti‐Rib‐P0/P1/P2 is diagnostically superior to that of anti‐Rib‐PC. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 27:87–95, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Serum and Saliva Levels of Ischemia‐Modified Albumin in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Toker Aysun , Aribas Alpay , Yerlikaya F. Hümeyra , Tasyurek Erkan , Akbuğa Kürşat 
Published: February 2013

ObjectiveIschemia‐modified albumin (IMA) is a novel marker for diagnosis of myocardial ischemia and it is considered as a serum marker. The aim of the study was to evaluate salivary IMA levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to determine the relation between serum and salivary IMA levels.MethodsA total of 60 patients with AMI and 40 control subjects who are age and sex matched with AMI group were included in our study. The diagnosis of AMI was based on the WHO classification criteria. All patients underwent the clinical assessment, consisting of electrocardiography, and serum cardiac markers. Serum and salivary IMA levels were measured at the first and second days of AMI by using a colorimetric method.ResultsSerum IMA levels were significantly higher in the first and second day of AMI patients, however, salivary IMA levels were significantly higher in the first day of AMI patients compared to the control (P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between salivary IMA levels and serum IMA levels both in the first and second day of AMI patients (r = 0.298, P < 0.05; r = 0.319, P < 0.05, respectively).ConclusionWe concluded that salivary IMA levels at the first day of AMI could be used as an alternative marker to serum IMA levels for diagnosis of AMI. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 27:99–104, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Partial Online List Coloring of Graphs
Authors: Wong Tsai‐Lien , Zhu Xuding 
Published: February 2013

AbstractFor a graph G, let be the maximum number of vertices of G that can be colored whenever each vertex of G is given t permissible colors. Albertson, Grossman, and Haas conjectured that if G is s‐choosable and , then . In this article, we consider the online version of this conjecture. Let be the maximum number of vertices of G that can be colored online whenever each vertex of G is given t permissible colors online. An analog of the above conjecture is the following: if G is online s‐choosable and then . This article generalizes some results concerning partial list coloring to online partial list coloring. We prove that for any positive integers , . As a consequence, if s is a multiple of t, then . We also prove that if G is online s‐choosable and , then and for any , .
Nutritional assessment of transgenic lysine‐rich maize compared with conventional quality protein maize
Authors: Tang Maozhi , He Xiaoyun , Luo Yunbo , Ma Liyan , Tang Xiaoge , Huang Kunlun 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBACKGROUND: The gene sb401 encoding a lysine‐rich protein has been successfully integrated into the genome of maize (Zea mays), its expression showing as increased levels of lysine and total protein in maize seeds. As part of a nutritional assessment of transgenic maize, nutritional composition, especially unintended changes in key nutrients such as proximates, amino acids, minerals and vitamins as well as in antinutrient (phytate phosphorus), and protein nutritional quality were compared between transgenic maize (inbred line 642 and hybrid line Y642) and conventional quality protein maize (QPM) Nongda 108.RESULTS: The contents of total protein, lysine, some other amino acids, several minerals and vitamin B2 in transgenic inbred line 642 and hybrid line Y642 were significantly higher than those in conventional QPM. Water‐soluble protein and G2‐glutelin were significantly promoted in transgenic maize Y642.CONCLUSION: Insertion of the lysine‐rich sb401 gene increased the total protein and lysine content of transgenic maize varieties, leading to an improved amino acid score and therefore an improvement in the nutritive value of maize. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Initial investigation of anterior approach to arytenoid adduction in excised larynges
Authors: McCulloch Timothy M. , Hoffman Matthew R. , McAvoy Kieran E. , Jiang Jack J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Arytenoid adduction (AA) can dramatically improve voice quality in patients with vocal fold paralysis (VFP); however, it is technically challenging. We present an anterior approach to AA, where GORE‐TEX suture attached to curled wire is passed through the thyroid cartilage or cricothyroid membrane via a guide needle and used to manipulate the muscular process of the arytenoid. Performing AA via an anterior approach leads to comparable aerodynamic and acoustic outcomes compared to traditional AA in an excised larynx model.Study Design:Repeated measures with each larynx serving as its own control.Methods:We performed thyroplasty followed by traditional and anterior AA on excised larynges with simulated VFP. Aerodynamic and acoustic measurements were recorded.Results:Anterior AA significantly improved aerodynamic (phonation threshold power: P = .003) and acoustic parameters (percentage jitter: P = .028; percentage shimmer: P = .001; signal‐to‐noise ratio: P = .034) compared to VFP in this excised larynx model. Anterior AA and traditional AA produced comparable improvements in all parameters (phonation threshold power: P = .256; percentage jitter: P = .616; percentage shimmer: P = .281; signal‐to‐noise ratio: P = .970).Conclusions:Anterior AA is an alternative to traditional AA that is easier to perform and produces comparable improvements in laryngeal function.
Lipomatous lesions of the parotid gland: Analysis of 70 cases
Authors: Starkman Sidney J. , Olsen Steven M. , Lewis Jean E. , Olsen Kerry D. , Sabri Alain 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To investigate presenting signs and symptoms, preoperative workup, operative therapy, and morbidity of benign and malignant lipomatous lesions of the parotid gland.Study Design:Medical literature review and retrospective chart review for all patients who underwent surgery for lipomatous lesions of the parotid gland at our institution from 1959 to 2009.Methods:Seventy patients underwent surgery for such lesions. Histologic sections were stained with hematoxylin‐eosin and reviewed, and clinical information was obtained from hospital medical records for each case.Results:Forty‐nine patients (70.0%) were male and 21 (30.0%) female (mean age, 49.9 years). Of the lesions, 43 (63.2%) were intraparotid, 25 (36.8%) periparotid, 69 (98.6%) unilateral, and 1 (1.4%) bilateral (average size, 3.7 cm). Fifty‐nine patients were treated with superficial or partial superficial parotidectomy, 10 were treated with total parotidectomy, and one was treated with parapharyngeal space dissection. Complications included six cases (8.6%) of facial paresis or paralysis and two cases of hematoma. No lesions recurred.Conclusions:We present the largest series, to our knowledge, of lipomatous lesions of the parotid gland. These masses, although rare, should be considered in the evaluation of a parotid mass. This series provides insight into the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and surgical treatment of parotid lipomatous lesions. Surgical extent depends on lesion location in the gland. Lipomatous masses can be effectively treated surgically with low morbidity and high cure rates. Laryngoscope, 2013
Efficacy of a topical sesame/rose geranium oil compound in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia associated epistaxis
Authors: Reh Douglas D. , Hur Kevin , Merlo Christian A. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Topical Sesame/Rose geranium oil compound is an effective therapy for hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) associated epistaxis.Study Design:Cohort Study.Methods:Twenty patients with HHT confirmed by the Curaçao criteria were treated with a sesame/rose geranium oil topical compound between January 2010 and June 2011. A treatment evaluation survey was conducted at least 3 months after treatment initiation. Changes in epistaxis severity scores (ESS), patient satisfaction, and any adverse effects were assessed.Results:A total of 20 patients completed the study. The average (SD) age was 54.4 (14.6), and 14 (70%) were female. The median time on rose geranium oil was 183 days (IQR: 114–311). At the conclusion of the study, 18 (90%) were still using rose geranium oil. The majority (75%) of patients subjectively felt improvement with the treatment. The improvement was felt to be gradual in 25% and immediate in 50% of patients. Mean (SD) overall satisfaction using a 10‐point Likert scale was 7.8 (3.1), with 50% of the patients reporting a satisfaction rating of 10. Mean (SD) epistaxis severity score (ESS) prior to treatment was 5.3 (1.7). After treatment with sesame/rose geranium oil, mean (SD) ESS was found to be 3.5 (1.8). Treatment with sesame/rose geranium oil was associated with a statistically significant improvement in ESS by 1.81 (P <0.0001). There were no adverse side‐effects from the treatment.Conclusion:A sesame/rose geranium oil compound can significantly reduce the epistaxis severity scores of patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia‐related epistaxis.