bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Validation of Property Models and Databases for Computational Superalloy Design
Authors: Gaag Tobias , Weidinger Julius , Bandorf Jakob , Lux Valeska , Wahlmann Benjamin , Neumeier Steffen , Zenk Christopher , Körner Carolin 
Published: July 2024

Computational superalloy development is a powerful alternative to the conventional experimental approach. Based on thermodynamic databases and the CALPHAD method, it is possible to estimate the properties of a large number of potential alloys and select the most promising ones. However, the accuracy of the databases and complementary property models can be unsatisfying. The accuracy of two mass density and lattice parameter models and the TTNI8 and TCNI10 databases is analyzed in detail on the experimental basis of computationally optimized single‐crystalline superalloys. Various properties are measured and compared to the results of the property models and databases. Neither of the databases is superior to the other and especially the solvus temperature is not accurately described in both. The new mass density model, a linear regression based on the molar mass, is more reliable for low‐density alloys. Both lattice parameter model versions slightly overestimate the room‐temperature lattice parameter. The lattice parameter, however, is more accurately calculated using the new model version. The results of this study can be readily used to improve a multicriteria alloy optimization tool for computational superalloy design.
High‐Performance MXene/Carbon Nanotube Electrochemical Actuators for Biomimetic Soft Robotic Applications
Authors: Zhang Wei , Jin Ke , Ren Zhen , Li Lin , Chang Longfei , Zhang Chengchu , Wang Ranran , Li Bing , Wu Guan , Hu Ying 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIonic electrochemical actuators, which convert electrical energy into mechanical energy through electrochemical‐induced ion migration, show great potential in biomimetic soft robots. However, their applications are still limited due to the influence of the electrode materials and actuator performance. Here, an MXene/carbon nanotube (CNT) heterostructural electrode‐based ionic actuator is developed and realizes dexterous touch manipulation mimicking humans. In this MXene/CNT heterostructure, one‐dimensional CNTs are chemically interconnected into layered two‐dimensional MXene nanosheets, increasing their interlayer spacing, promoting mechanical stability, and enhancing specific surface area, which facilitates the ion migration and storage as well as electrochemical actuation. Accordingly, the MXene/CNT actuator can output excellent mechanical deformation under 2.5 V voltage, including large peak‐to‐peak deformation (displacement 24 mm, strain 1.54%), wide frequency response (0.1–15 Hz), large force (5 mN) and good cycling stability. The actuators can be used to construct artificial fingers to achieve gentle, multi‐point, variable frequency, and synergistic touching on fragile smartphone screens, including pressing a phone number to make a call and tapping an electronic drum. Especially, this finger can tap the drum at a high frequency (13 Hz), exceeding the tapping frequency that real human fingers can reach, which demonstrates its prospect in human‐computer interaction.
Amniotic Membrane‐Derived Multichannel Hydrogels for Neural Tissue Repair
Authors: Sousa Joana P.M. , Deus Inês A. , Monteiro Cátia F. , Custódio Catarina A. , Gil João , Papadimitriou Lina , Ranella Anthi , Stratakis Emmanuel , Mano João F. , Marques Paula A.A.P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the pursuit of advancing neural tissue regeneration, biomaterial scaffolds have emerged as promising candidates, offering potential solutions for nerve disruptions. Among these scaffolds, multichannel hydrogels, characterized by meticulously designed micrometer‐scale channels, stand out as instrumental tools for guiding axonal growth and facilitating cellular interactions. This study explores the innovative application of human amniotic membranes modified with methacryloyl domains (AMMA) in neural stem cell (NSC) culture. AMMA hydrogels, possessing a tailored softness resembling the physiological environment, are prepared in the format of multichannel scaffolds to simulate native‐like microarchitecture of nerve tracts. Preliminary experiments on AMMA hydrogel films showcase their potential for neural applications, demonstrating robust adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of NSCs without the need for additional coatings. Transitioning into the 3D realm, the multichannel architecture fosters intricate neuronal networks guiding neurite extension longitudinally. Furthermore, the presence of synaptic vesicles within the cellular arrays suggests the establishment of functional synaptic connections, underscoring the physiological relevance of the developed neuronal networks. This work contributes to the ongoing efforts to find ethical, clinically translatable, and functionally relevant approaches for regenerative neuroscience.
Decoding the Impact of Molecular Configuration on High‐Efficiency Blue Hot Exciton Emitters
Authors: Feng Tingting , Zhang Jiasen , Liu Denghui , Li Wei , Wu Yujie , Fang Kaibo , Mu Xinlin , Liu Chunyu , Su Shi‐Jian , Ge Ziyi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRealizing highly efficient organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on “hot exciton” emitters is crucial for the widespread use of purely organic electroluminescence. Herein, it is demonstrated that the radiative decay rate, modulated by molecular configuration, plays a vital role in determining the optoelectronic properties of hot exciton materials. The proof‐of‐concept isomers, TPA‐1IPCN and TPA‐3IPCN, and TPA‐1IANCN and TPA‐3IANCN are intentionally designed and successfully synthesized. By employing a novel donor–acceptor–acceptor (D–A'–A) molecular architecture, implementing a molecular isomerization strategy, incorporating diverse steric hindrance moieties, and strategically manipulating the positioning of functional groups, precise modulation of the molecular configuration can be achieved to enable accurate regulation of the radiative decay rate. Consequently, various optoelectronic properties, including photoluminescent wavelength, photoluminescence quantum yield, fluorescence lifetime, packing mode in aggregated state, and molecular horizontal dipole ratios in films, undergo significant modifications. As a result, non‐doped blue OLED based on TPA‐1IPCN exhibits outstanding maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 10.3% with minimal efficiency roll‐off—one of the highest reported values for blue OLEDs based on hot exciton materials.
Dielectric‐Doped 2D Tellurium Diodes for Zero‐Bias Radio Frequency Power Detection
Authors: Palacios Paula , Askar Abdelrahman M. , Pasadas Francisco , Saeed Mohamed , Marin Enrique G. , Adachi Michael M. , Negra Renato 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis work presents a 2D tellurium (Te)‐based diode that exploits the doping achieved by atomic layer deposited (ALD) Al2O3 to enhance its rectifying performance. The proposed device comprises a Schottky junction that is dielectric‐doped to significantly reduce the reverse bias current. A boosted current responsivity four times higher compared to that of undoped devices is achieved, maximizing the performance for radio frequency (RF) power detectors. The application measurement results demonstrate sensitivities as low as −45 dBm, and at −30 dBm RF input power outstanding tangential responsivities up to 6.5 kV W–1, 4.3 kV W–1, and 650 V W–1 at 0.5, 1, and 2.5 GHz, respectively, while reaching linear dynamic range (DR) of over 30 dB. These are the highest reported values for 2D‐based material devices by almost two orders of magnitude. Furthermore, the DR is ≈10 dB larger compared to state‐of‐the‐art power detectors based on bulk semiconductors.
Spatial extent as a sensitive amyloid‐PET metric in preclinical Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Farrell Michelle E. , Thibault Emma G. , Becker J. Alex , Price Julie C. , Healy Brian C. , Hanseeuw Bernard J. , Buckley Rachel F. , Jacobs Heidi I. L. , Schultz Aaron P. , Chen Charles D. , Sperling Reisa A. , Johnson Keith A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONSpatial extent‐based measures of how far amyloid beta (Aβ) has spread throughout the neocortex may be more sensitive than traditional Aβ‐positron emission tomography (PET) measures of Aβ level for detecting early Aβ deposits in preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) and improve understanding of Aβ’s association with tau proliferation and cognitive decline.METHODSPittsburgh Compound‐B (PIB)‐PET scans from 261 cognitively unimpaired older adults from the Harvard Aging Brain Study were used to measure Aβ level (LVL; neocortical PIB DVR) and spatial extent (EXT), calculated as the proportion of the neocortex that is PIB+.RESULTSEXT enabled earlier detection of Aβ deposits longitudinally confirmed to reach a traditional LVL‐based threshold for Aβ+ within 5 years. EXT improved prediction of cognitive decline (Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite) and tau proliferation (flortaucipir‐PET) over LVL.DISCUSSIONThese findings indicate EXT may be more sensitive to Aβ’s role in preclinical AD than level and improve targeting of individuals for AD prevention trials.Highlights
Aβ spatial extent (EXT) was measured as the percentage of the neocortex with elevated Pittsburgh Compound‐B.
Aβ EXT improved detection of Aβ below traditional PET thresholds.
Early regional Aβ deposits were spatially heterogeneous.
Cognition and tau were more closely tied to Aβ EXT than Aβ level.
Neocortical tau onset aligned with reaching widespread neocortical Aβ.
Breaking the ‘culture of silence’: exploring therapist perspectives of culturally sensitive systemic psychotherapy in contested sociopolitical contexts – a Northern Ireland case study
Authors: Young Christiana , Mooney Suzanne 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecent national and international events have shone a spotlight on structural inequalities and institutionalised racism, igniting a contemporary struggle for equality and evoking the UK systemic community to affirm its commitment to social justice and anti‐racism. This article sets the scene by examining how systemic theory and research have historically addressed racial inequality and cross‐cultural practice, before describing a small but pioneering qualitative study which explored the practice of cultural sensitivity via in‐depth interviews with five experienced systemic psychotherapists in Northern Ireland (NI). While confirming some similarities with other UK regions, tentative but important nuanced differences emerged in the NI context given its protracted history of sectarian division, political conflict, and more limited immigration. Self‐imposed ‘silence’ with regard to one's own religious/cultural identity in the context of the NI political conflict emerged as a key theme, alongside therapist under‐explored Whiteness; theoretical paradoxes influencing therapist reticence; and perceived therapeutic benefits of exploring cultural differences and lived experience of racism. Study limitations and implications are discussed, identifying the need for further research and renewed efforts (in theory, training, and practice) to assist therapists to break the ‘culture of silence’ in their local sociopolitical context and address wider social inequities.
Amphoteric ionic polymer large temperature difference retarder for long sealing section cementing low‐density cement slurry: Preparation, application, and working mechanism
Authors: Jinhua Huo , Junwei Liu , Xu Liu , Jie Zhao , Shanjian Li 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, a novel amphoteric ionic large temperature difference retarder (marked with CLL‐1) was prepared by using functional monomer through aqueous solution polymerization method. First, the chemical structure and molecular weight of retarder CLL‐1 were obtained, and then the thermal stability of retarder CLL‐1 was investigated at the temperature range of 40–400°C, and the result shows that the retarder CLL‐1 has well thermal stability, which could be used to control the thickening time of cement slurry at higher temperatures. Second, the influences of retarder CLL‐1 on the settlement stability of cement slurry were studied by the density difference at the temperature of 150, 120, 90, and 30°C, respectively. Third, the thickening time of cement slurry samples with different retarder CLL‐1 adding amount was studied at the temperature range of 80–180°C, and the results showed that the retarder CLL‐1 can adapt well to the working conditions of large temperature difference cementing operations. Simultaneously, the compressive strength of cement slurry with different retarder CLL‐1 adding amount was obtained. Finally, the working mechanism of retarder CLL‐1 at large temperature difference was revealed depends on the methods of x‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and TG.
Novel thiazolotriazole and triazolothiadiazine scaffolds as selective tumor associated carbonic anhydrase inhibitors endowed with cathepsin B inhibition
Authors: Kumar Amit , Rani Manishita , Giovannuzzi Simone , Raghav Neera , Supuran Claudiu T. , Sharma Pawan K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe present research focused on the tail‐approach synthesis of novel extended thiazolotriazoles (8a–8j) and triazolothiadiazines (11a–11j) including aminotriazole intermediate 10. After successful synthesis, all the compounds were evaluated for their inhibition potential against cytosolic isoforms of human carbonic anhydrase (hCA I, II), tumor‐linked transmembrane isoforms (hCA IX, XII), and cathepsin B. As per the inhibition data, the newly synthesized compounds showed poor inhibition against hCA I. Many of the compounds showed effective inhibition toward hCA IX and/or XII in low nanomolar concentration. Despite the strong to moderate inhibition of hCA II by these compounds, more than half of them demonstrated better inhibition against hCA IX and/or XII, comparatively. Further, insights of CA inhibition data of these extended analogs and their comparison with earlier reported thiazolotriazole and triazolothiadiazine derivatives might help in the rational design of novel potent and selective hCA IX and XII inhibitors. The novel compounds were also found to possess anti‐cathepsin B potential at a low concentration of 10−7 M. Broadly, compounds of series 11a–11j presented more effective inhibition against cathepsin B than their counterparts in series 8a–8j. Moreover, these in vitro results with respect to cathepsin B inhibition were also supported by the in silico insights obtained via molecular modeling studies.
Enabling Si‐Dominant Anodes: Influence of Neutralization Degree of Polyacrylic Acid on Low‐Cost Micron‐Sized Silicon Anode in High‐Energy Li‐Ion Full Cell
Authors: Kloker Gabriele , Vrankovic Dragoljub , Arya Nikhil , Diemant Thomas , Anjass Montaha 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMicron‐sized silicon is a promising low‐cost, abundant material to increase the energy density of lithium‐ion batteries. Nevertheless, significant volume change and therefore excessive solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) growth lead to fast capacity fading. In this work, polyacrylic acid (PAA) with different neutralization degrees is used for the fabrication of Si anodes for practical applications. The electrochemical performance in full pouch cells reveals that the increase in neutralization degree of PAA up to 70 % enhances the overall performance by improved electrode properties, higher first cycle efficiency (FCE up to 78.1 % at C/3) and better capacity retention (85.4 % after 150 cycles at 1 C) over cycling, while with even higher neutralization degrees (such as 80 %) the performance declines. Since proper mixing of the slurry is another important factor, we optimized the mixing procedure by increasing the solid content of the slurry, which has shown positive influence on the electrochemical performance and electrode properties. To summarize, this work shows full cell 1 C cycling until capacity retention of 85 % after 150 cycles with pure Si microparticle anodes for 70 % neutralized PAA as well as increased C‐rate performance up to 5 C. Post‐mortem, less degradation on electrode and particle level is observed.
Dynamic change of neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and its predictive value of prognosis in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Qian Kai , Hu Jie , Wang Chunyan , Xu Chunxiang , Chen Yanguo , Feng Qing , Feng Ya , Wu Yuncheng , Yu Xiaofeng , Ji Qiuhong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe present research aimed to explore the dynamic change of the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and its relationship with functional outcome following an acute ischemic stroke (AIS), whether receiving intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) or not.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data that were prospectively acquired from patients with AIS treated with IVT or not. For patients receiving IVT, the NLR was based on a blood test performed prior to IVT (d0) and at different time points after disease onset (d1, d3, d7). In addition, in the non‐IVT group, the NLR was obtained at different time points after disease onset (d1, d3, d7). Follow‐ups were performed 3 months after onset via telephone. In addition, a good outcome was defined as a modified Rankin scale (mRS) ≤1; a poor outcome means 2 ≤ mRS ≤ 6.ResultsA total of 204 AIS patients were included in this study. The NLR presented a dynamic change as it increased to its peak at day 1 and gradually declined to its baseline at day 7, no matter whether patients were receiving IVT or not. Patients with poor outcomes have a higher NLR at various time points. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), NLR d1, NLR d3, and NLR d7 were independently associated with functional outcomes. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of NLR in predicting outcomes was as follows: NLR d3 demonstrated robust predictive power within the IVT therapy cohort, whereas NLR d7 was predictive in the non‐IVT cohort. However, the most potent predictor emerged as the combination of NIHSS and NLR.ConclusionNLR has the potential to predicate diagnosis for AIS, especially when combined with the NIHSS score.
Assessing interventions promoting the uptake of cancer‐related genomic services within the Latino community: A scoping review using the RE‐AIM framework
Authors: Ramirez Leon Dayanna , Martinez Denise , Rivera Rivera Jessica , Fuzzell Lindsay , Vadaparampil Susan , Rogers Hannah , Gabram Sheryl , Snyder Cindy , Guan Yue 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCancer genomic services (CGS) can support genetic risk‐stratified cancer prevention and treatment. Racial/ethnic minority groups are less likely to access and utilize CGS compared with non‐Hispanic Whites. Little research has described characteristics of interventions targeted at CGS among Latinos. This scoping review aimed to (1) describe interventions promoting uptake of CGS among Latinos in the United States and Latin America, (2) describe intervention adaptations for Latino participants, and (3) summarize intervention implementation factors suggested by reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE‐AIM) framework. We conducted a search in English and Spanish of literature published between 2005 and 2022 across PubMed and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature databases. Sixteen of 2344 papers met the inclusion criteria of the analysis. Efforts to promote CGS among Latino communities were limited in the US and lower in Latin America. This review highlights the need for in‐depth exploration of acculturation‐informed interventions and better reporting on implementation factors to enhance their scalability across diverse settings.
Magnetic field‐assisted electrocatalysis: Mechanisms and design strategies
Authors: Sun Yongwen , Lv Hong , Yao Han , Gao Yuanfeng , Zhang Cunman 
Published: July 2024

AbstractElectrocatalysis has received a great deal of interest in recent decades as a possible energy‐conversion technology involving a variety of chemical processes. External magnetic field application is a powerful method for improving electrocatalytic performance that is customizable and compatible with existing electrocatalytic devices. In addition, magnetic fields can assist in catalyst synthesis and act on the catalytic reaction process. This paper systematically reviews the most recent developments in magnetic field‐assisted electrocatalytic enhancement technology. The enhancement of electrocatalysis by a magnetic field is mainly represented in the three features listed below: The spin selectivity effect improves the activity of the catalyst in a magnetic field; furthermore, magnetic fields can improve mass transport and electron transport in catalytic processes (due to Lorentz forces, Kelvin forces, magnetohydrodynamic [MHD], and micro‐MHD); the magnetothermal effect may raise the reaction temperature and boost electrocatalytic activity. This review focuses on the rational design of catalytic systems incorporating the interaction between catalysts and magnetic fields, aiming to produce enhanced catalytic effects. The recommendations for further utilization of strategies for electrocatalysis and broader energy technologies for magnetic fields, as well as potential challenges for future research, are also discussed.
Circular Use of Carbon and the Current Regulatory Framework: Enabler or Barrier?
Authors: Seifert Ulrich 
Published: July 2024

AbstractKeeping carbon in the loop within the technosphere is a promising idea from a technical perspective when striving for climate‐neutral production. Reporting obligations for greenhouse gases have been focused on release into the atmosphere, often under the tacit assumption that any greenhouse gas (GHG) formed will eventually be emitted. Technologies that build on carbon capture face a situation where regulations are lacking terms to describe processes that produce or use carbon dioxide but do not release it. This work aims to highlight this situation and to provide suggestions to overcome some of the hurdles.
Highly Sensitive Two‐Dimensional Ruddlesden‐Popper Perovskites for Thermochromic Smart Windows
Authors: Han Ruijie , Yue Qi , Cao Yingjie , Wei Duo , Liu Xiaolin , Lin Jia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWith the growing demand for high‐performance smart windows, the discover of a class of thermochromic materials with reversible cycling and rapid response characteristics has become urgent. In this work, we have uncovered a two‐dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden‐Popper (RP) phase halide perovskite, (PMA)2MAPb2I7−xClx, where PMA=C6H5CH2NH3 and MA=CH3NH3, exhibiting exceptional reversible thermochromic properties. The 2D RP phase perovskite thin film features a low transition temperature (Tc=30 °C from the hydrated state to the hot state, along with a fast transition time of 40 s. Furthermore, the addition of 0.5 times excess MAI significantly enhances the visible light transmittance of the hydrated state. Characteristic hydration peaks in X‐ray diffraction patterns and O−H bond absorption peaks Fourier‐transform infrared spectra are observed in the thin film in its hydrated state, which disappear in the hot state, validating its reversible thermochromic properties. Additionally, a solar cell based on the thermochromic 2D RP phase thin film achieves a power conversion efficiency of 2.31 %, offering a promising solution for advanced smart window technologies.