bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of light‐curing units in orthodontics
Authors: Goyal Amit , Hurkadle Jyothikiran , Magegowda Shivalinga , Bhatia Pankaj 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBecause of their wide field of applications, light‐curing units are now indispensable for orthodontists and general dentists; thus, it is important to be familiar with the various types of light‐curing units, their history, specifications, advantages, and disadvantages. For this review, a search of the PubMed database (from 1966 to March 2010) was conducted using the search term “curing lights orthodontics”. Eligibility of the selected studies was determined by reading the abstracts of articles identified by the search. All the articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected, and the articles collected. The reference lists of the retrieved articles were also hand searched for any applicable studies that might have been missed in the database searches. When selecting curing lights for an office, many variables need to be considered. Armed with knowledge about each curing‐light category, orthodontists can evaluate their unique practice style and select the appropriate light/lights.
Algorithm for dermocosmetic use in the management of cutaneous side‐effects associated with targeted therapy in oncology
Authors: Dreno B. , Bensadoun R.J. , Humbert P. , Krutmann J. , Luger T. , Triller R. , Rougier A. , Seité S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractCurrently, numerous patients who receive targeted chemotherapy for cancer suffer from disabling skin reactions due to cutaneous toxicity, which is a significant problem for an increasing number of patients and their treating physicians. In addition, using inappropriate personal hygiene products often worsens these otherwise manageable side‐effects. Cosmetic products for personal hygiene and lesion camouflage are part of a patients’ well‐being and an increasing number of physicians feel that they do not have adequate information to provide effective advice on concomitant cosmetic therapy. Although ample information is available in the literature on pharmaceutical treatment for cutaneous side‐effects of chemotherapy, little is available for the concomitant use of dermatological skin‐care products with medical treatments. The objective of this consensus study is to provide an algorithm for the appropriate use of dermatological cosmetics in the management of cutaneous toxicities associated with targeted chemotherapy such as epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors and other monoclonal antibodies. These guidelines were developed by a French and German expert group of dermatologists and an oncologist for oncologists and primary care physicians who manage oncology patients. The information in this report is based on published data and the expert group's opinion. Due to the current lack of clinical evidence, only a review of published recommendations including suggestions for concomitant cosmetic use was conducted.
The efficacy of single dose ivermectin in the treatment of hookworm related cutaneous larva migrans varies depending on the clinical presentation
Authors: Vanhaecke C. , Perignon A. , Monsel G. , Regnier S. , Bricaire F. , Caumes E. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundTreatment of hookworm‐related cutaneous larva migrans (HrCLM) with a single dose of oral ivermectin has not been adequately evaluated to date. Response rates reported in three large studies varied from 77% to more than 95%.ObjectivesWe evaluated the efficacy of ivermectin in the treatment of HrCLM.MethodsWe retrospectively studied all returning travellers with HrCLM who consulted in our institution. Patients were then treated with a single, 200 μg/kg dose of ivermectin, orally.ResultsSixty‐two travellers (35 female, 27 male, mean age 35.6 years) with HrCLM and creeping dermatitis were included. Six patients (10%) also had associated hookworm folliculitis. Fifty‐nine patients (95%) completely responded with one ivermectin dose. The response rate was 98% in the 56 patients presenting with only creeping dermatitis and 66% in the six patients presenting with additional hookworm folliculitis (P = 0.02).ConclusionThe efficacy of a single dose of oral ivermectin is higher in patients with only creeping dermatitis than in those with associated hookworm folliculitis.
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with greater tumor size and poorer outcome in Merkel cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Samimi M. , Touzé A. , Laude H. , Le Bidre E. , Arnold F. , Carpentier A. , Gardair C. , Carlotti A. , Maubec E. , Dupin N. , Aubin F. , Avril M.F. , Rozenberg F. , Avenel‐Audran M. , Guyetant S. , Lorette G. , Machet L. , Coursaget P. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundMerkel cell polyomavirus has been recognized to be associated with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), but the evolution of this cancer probably depends on various factors. Vitamin D deficiency, defined by serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D levels <50 nmol/L, seems to influence cancer behavior and progression, but has never been assessed in MCC patients.ObjectivesFirst, to evaluate whether vitamin D deficiency was associated with tumor characteristics and prognosis in a cohort of MCC patients. Second, to assess expression of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in MCC tumors.MethodsClinical findings, Merkel cell polyomavirus markers and vitamin D status were assessed in a cohort of French MCC patients. The study was limited to the 89 patients for whom the serum sample had been collected within 3 years after the diagnosis of MCC. Correlation between vitamin D deficiency and MCC characteristics and outcome were determined in regression analyses. VDR expression in MCC tumours was assessed by immunohistochemistry.ResultsVitamin D deficiency was noted in 65.1% of the patients and was independently associated with greater tumor size at diagnosis (P = 0.006) and with metastasis recurrence (HR, 2.89; 95% CI, 1.03 to 8.13; P = 0.043), but not with death from MCC, although there was a trend (HR, 5.28; 95% CI, 0.75 to 36.96; P = 0.093). VDR was found to be strongly expressed in all 28 MCC tumor specimens investigated.ConclusionThe association between vitamin D deficiency and MCC characteristics and outcome, together with detection of the VDR in MCC cells, suggest that vitamin D could influence the biology of MCC.
Quality and Sensory Characteristics of Cubed Beef Steak Dipped in Edible Protective Solutions of Thermized Cheddar Whey
Authors: Weerasinghe Sashie , Williams J. Byron , Mukherjee Dipaloke , Tidwell Diane K. , Chang Sam , Haque Zahur U. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThermized (heated at 70C for 0, 5, 10 and 15 min) Cheddar whey protein concentrate, with and without enzymatically hydrolyzed casein (CH), was added to protective edible coatings of cubed beef steak. Antioxidative activity, bacteriostatic activity and sensory attributes were evaluated over 8 days of refrigerated shelf life. Thermized treatments, with and without CH, significantly inhibited thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substance formation in steak. Peroxide value was also significantly reduced by coating treatments. Carbonyl content of all treatments was lower than controls and blanks during storage with 5‐min treatment (5TCH), showing the lowest carbonyl content (34.5% versus 46% for blank). Thiols were also significantly protected in the treatments. Sensory evaluation showed significant protection of key sensory attributes by treatments throughout the storage period compared with controls. Data indicate marked improvement of shelf life and quality as a result of the effective and natural treatments.Practical ApplicationsOxidation of proteins and lipids is considered the most important factor responsible for quality loss of meat. Oxidative degradation negatively impacts appearance and overall quality of retail‐cut meats. Cubed steak is particularly susceptible with a retail shelf life of only 1–2 days at 2–4C. Although various synthetic antioxidants have been used successfully to control oxidation in meat products, consumers prefer the use of natural antioxidants because of the health risks associated with synthetic antioxidants. Edible coatings and films provide a promising alternative. Whey, an inexpensive by‐product of cheese manufacture, is abundantly available and has great potential for use as raw material in antioxidative edible coatings. Functionality and antioxidative properties of whey proteins can be further improved by thermization. Our research investigates the efficacy of thermized Cheddar whey protein concentrate as an antioxidative and bacteriostatic agent and evaluates its influence on basic sensory characteristics of commercially available cubed beef steak.
Application of spaceborne synthetic aperture radar data for extraction of soil moisture and its use in hydrological modelling at Gottleuba Catchment, Saxony, Germany
Authors: Elbialy S. , Mahmoud A. , Pradhan B. , Buchroithner M. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractHydrological modelling is a powerful tool for hydrologists and engineers involved in the planning and management of water resources. With the recent advent of computational power and the growing availability of spatial data, remote sensing and geographical information systems technologies can augment to a great extent the conventional methods used in rainfall run‐off studies. That means it is possible to accurately describe the characteristics of watershed in particularly when determining the run‐off response to rainfall inputs. The main objective of this study is to apply the potential application of spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data (i.e. TerraSAR‐X and Advanced Land Observing Satellite/Phased Array type L‐band Synthetic Aperture Radar (ALOS PALSAR) for soil moisture retrieval) and to improve the spatial input parameters required for hydrological modelling. For the spatial database creation, a high‐resolution 2‐m aerial laser scanning digital terrain model, soil map, and land use map were used. Rainfall records were transformed into a run‐off through hydrological parameterisation of the watershed using Hydrologic Engineering Center's Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC‐HMS) software for rainfall run‐off simulation. The Soil Conservation Services Curve Number and soil moisture accounting loss methods were selected to calculate the infiltration losses. In this research, soil moisture was derived from two different types of spaceborne SAR data: TerraSAR‐X and ALOS PALSAR (L‐band). The developed integrated hydrological model was applied to a flood prone area: Gottleuba Catchment in Pirna (Saxony, Germany). For model validation, 10 years historical precipitation data were used. The validated model was further optimised using the extracted soil moisture from SAR data. The simulation results showed a reasonable match between the simulated and the observed hydrographs. Hence, this paper confirms that TerraSAR‐X and ALOS PALSAR (L‐band) have a high potential for soil moisture mapping as a useful source of information and technique in hydrological modelling.
Palaeoflood simulation of the Kamo River basin using a grid‐cell distributed rainfall run‐off model
Authors: Luo P. , Takara K. , Apip  , He B. , Nover D. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractLand‐use change and human activities have dramatic implications for water resources, especially through impacts on hydrology and water quality. We characterise the impact of land‐use change on floods through the reconstruction of palaeoflood events and the estimation of discharge during extreme rainfall events under the historical environment using the grid‐Cell Distributed Rainfall Run‐off Model Version 3 (CDRMV3). Historical land use maps were digitised using the Palaeoland‐Use Reconstruction (PLUR) programme as the input data for CDRMV3. Palaeoflood simulations show the delay and the reduction of the peak discharge under 1902 land use in the Kamo River basin because of increases in coverage of forest and paddy fields compared with 1976 land use. Lower discharge and earlier peak discharge time are estimated under historical land use and compared with conditions under present land use. The results of the palaeoflood simulations under extreme rainfall events create a better understanding of palaeoenvironmental conditions and their potential impact on flood management while suggesting important implications for resource management under land use and climate change.
The nicotine‐mediated decline in l‐dopa‐induced dyskinesias is associated with a decrease in striatal dopamine release
Authors: Bordia Tanuja , McIntosh J. Michael , Quik Maryka 
Published: February 2013

Abstractl‐dopa‐induced dyskinesias (LIDs) are a side effect of Parkinson's disease therapy that is thought to arise, at least in part, because of excessive dopaminergic activity. Thus, drugs that regulate dopaminergic tone may provide an approach to manage LIDs. Our previous studies showed that nicotine treatment reduced LIDs in Parkinsonian animal models. This study investigates whether nicotine may exert its beneficial effects by modulating pre‐synaptic dopaminergic function. Rats were unilaterally lesioned by injection of 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA) (2 × 3 ug per site) into the medial forebrain bundle to yield moderate Parkinsonism. They were then implanted with minipumps containing vehicle or nicotine (2.0 mg/kg/d) and rendered dyskinetic with l‐dopa (8 mg/kg plus 15 mg/kg benserazide). Lesioning alone decreased the striatal dopamine transporter, nicotinic receptor (nAChR) levels, and nAChR‐mediated 3H‐dopamine release, consistent with previous results. Nicotine administration reduced l‐dopa‐induced abnormal involuntary movements throughout the course of the study (4 months). Nicotine treatment led to declines in the striatal dopamine transporter, α6β2* nAChRs and various components of α6β2* and α4β2* nAChR‐mediated release. l‐dopa treatment had no effect. These data suggest that nicotine may improve LIDs in Parkinsonian animal models by dampening striatal dopaminergic activity.
Sleep and Its Association With Socioeconomic Status, Health, and Risky Behaviors Among Ghanaian School Children
Authors: Doku David , Koivusilta Leena , Rimpelä Arja 
Published: February 2013

Socioeconomic differences in sleep and how sleep relates to health and risky behaviors among 12‐ to 18‐year‐old Ghanaians (N = 1,195) were investigated. Overall, 49.2% of boys and 60.8% of girls had inadequate sleep. Girls (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.3–2.0) and older (16‐ to 18‐year‐olds) adolescents (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.3–2.1) had higher probability of inadequate sleep than boys and younger (12‐ to 15‐year‐old) adolescents, respectively. High material affluence, low parental education, low parental occupational grade, drunkenness, marijuana use, drug use, and not having plans to continue schooling after graduation decreased the chances of inadequate sleep, while low school performance, low fruit and vegetable intake, and tiredness during daytime increased the probability of inadequate sleep. Promotion of adequate sleep and gender equality should be taken into consideration in adolescent health promotion programs.
Assessment of two methods of gastric decompression for the initial management of gastric dilatation‐volvulus
Authors: Goodrich Z. J. , Powell L. L. , Hulting K. J. 
Published: February 2013

ObjectiveTo assess gastric trocarization and orogastric tubing as a means of gastric decompression for the initial management of gastric dilatation‐volvulus.MethodsRetrospective review of 116 gastric dilatation‐volvulus cases from June 2001 to October 2009.ResultsDecompression was performed via orogastric tubing in 31 dogs, gastric trocarization in 39 dogs and a combination of both in 46 dogs. Tubing was successful in 59 (75·5%) dogs and unsuccessful in 18 (23·4%) dogs. Trocarization was successful in 73 (86%) dogs and unsuccessful in 12 (14%) dogs. No evidence of gastric perforation was noted at surgery in dogs undergoing either technique. One dog that underwent trocarization had a splenic laceration identified at surgery that did not require treatment. Oesophageal rupture or aspiration pneumonia was not identified in any dog during hospitalization. No statistical difference was found between the method of gastric decompression and gastric compromise requiring surgical intervention or survival to discharge.Clinical SignificanceOrogastric tubing and gastric trocarization are associated with low complication and high success rates. Either technique is an acceptable method for gastric decompression in dogs with gastric dilatation‐volvulus.
Efficacy of hypofractionated radiotherapy for nasal tumours in 38 dogs (2005–2008)
Authors: Fujiwara A. , Kobayashi T. , Kazato Y. , Yayoshi N. , Fujita M. 
Published: February 2013

ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of hypofractionated radiotherapy for canine nasal tumours, including the improvement in clinical signs, rate of complications and assessment of prognostic factors.MethodsMedical records of 38 dogs with malignant nasal tumours were reviewed, and those treated with a weekly schedule of hypofractionated radiotherapy were included in the study. Acute and late side effects were defined as complications noted either within 1 month or after 6 months of irradiation, respectively. Progression‐free interval and overall survival were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Log‐rank test and Cox proportional hazard model were also performed.ResultsClinical signs improved in 30 of 36 dogs. Acute complications were seen in 28 of 36 dogs and were considered manageable. Late complications were observed in 17 of 30 dogs that survived 6 months or longer, but severe side effects were not observed. The median progression‐free interval and overall survival was 245 days (95%CI: 127–512 days) and 512 days (95%CI: 203–820 days), respectively. Age, breed and presence of dyspnoea were negatively correlated with overall survival.Clinical SignificanceThese results suggest that hypofractionated radiotherapy could be a viable option for the treatment of nasal tumours in dogs that are not candidates for conventional multi‐fractionated radiotherapy.
Effects of land‐use history and current management on ancient woodland herbs in Western Hungary
Authors: Kelemen Kristóf , Kriván Andrea , Standovár Tibor 
Published: February 2013

AbstractQuestionsAt least half of the European woodland is recent and most stands have been under heavy management since the Industrial Revolution. Woodland herbs have adapted to the conditions of the forest interior and many species occur at lower frequencies in recent habitats as well as in young stands. We compared herbaceous plant composition of forests with different land‐use history and looked for life‐history traits that could be responsible for the differences.LocationBakony Mountains, Western Hungary, Central Europe.MethodsAdjacent old ancient, young ancient and post‐agricultural recent forest stands were surveyed in the submontane beech zone in Western Hungary. Frequency data were recorded for herbaceous plants, indicator species analysis was carried out and trait‐based species groups were identified.ResultsSpecies composition differed among all three categories. The most profound difference was in the occurrences of ancient forest species (species with low dispersal ability and early flowering). These were most abundant in old ancient forests, while three species were entirely missing from recent stands. Young stands were dominated by few shade‐tolerant herbs and lacked most ancient forest species. Post‐agricultural woodland was largely dominated by competitive species.ConclusionsCurrent forest management as well as past agricultural use influenced herb composition. Reintroduction of ancient forest herbs might be necessary in the recent forests.
Reliability and Validity of the King's Health Questionnaire for Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Taiwan
Authors: HUANG Mei‐Huang , CHIU Aih‐Fung , KUO Hann‐Chorng 
Published: February 2013

Objectives: To investigate the reliability and validity of the King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ), and understand the impacts of lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS) on health‐related quality of life (HR‐QoL).Methods: A cross‐sectional design was used and a convenience of 393 men participated in the study. The reliability was measured by testing the Cronbach's α coefficients. Factor analysis was used to explore the underlying factor structure of the KHQ. The discriminant validity was assessed using the one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests with post hoc analysis (Games‐Howell method) by comparing the differences scores in KHQ domains between men with three LUTS severity groups (mild, moderate, and severe).Results: Men with severe, moderate, mild LUTS accounted for 7.9, 25.4, and 66.7%, respectively. Internal consistency of KHQ was excellent with Cronbach's α coefficients of 0.750–0.943. Factor analysis showed three underlying components to explain constructive validity. The KHQ subscores in both the severe and moderate LUTS groups were significantly higher than those in mild LUTS group (all P < 0.05), implying that the discriminant validity was adequate. Excepting for two single‐item questions, the first three greater disparities in KHQ domains between the severe and mild LUTS groups were “Emotion”, “Sleeping/Energy”, and “Physical limitation”, while the least disparities was found in “Personal relationships” domain.Conclusion: LUTS could produce a substantial impact on different domains of HR‐QoL. The traditional Chinese KHQ has suitable reliability and validity for men with general LUTS, and might be a useful tool for HR‐QoL measure in future.
Alternatives in Framing and Decision Making
Authors: Geurts Bart 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThere is a wealth of experimental data showing that the way a problem is framed may have an effect on people's choices and decisions. Based on a semantic analysis of evaluative expressions like ‘good’, I propose a new explanation of such framing effects. The key idea is that our choices and decisions reveal a counterfactual systematicity: they carry information about the choices and decisions we would have made if the facts had been otherwise. It is these counterfactual alternatives that may diverge between otherwise equivalent versions of the same task, and thus explain the effects of framing.
Thinking About the Past and Experiencing the Past
Authors: Debus Dorothea 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe present article aims to show that a subject can only fully grasp the concept of the past if she has some experiential, or recollective, memories of particular past events. More specifically, I argue that (1) in order for a subject to understand the concept of the past, it is necessary that the subject understand the concept of a particular past event in such a way that it might contribute to her understanding of the concept of the past. (2) But then, in order for a subject to understand the concept of a particular past event in such a way that it might contribute to her understanding of the concept of the past, it is necessary that the subject have some recollective memories of particular past events. (C) Hence, a subject can only understand the concept of the past if she has some recollective memories of particular past events. I defend the premises of the present argument against various objections, indicate why we should accept both premises, and accordingly end by endorsing the argument's conclusion.