bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seed Predation by Rodents and Implications for Plant Recruitment in Defaunated Atlantic Forests
Authors: Galetti Mauro , Guevara Roger , Galbiati Lígia A. , Neves Carolina L. , Rodarte Raisa R. , Mendes Calebe P. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractRodents are known to perform post‐dispersal seed predation in tropical rain forest, but there is little information on the identity of these seed predators and how they select their seeds. Using cafeteria experiments, we found that seed mass, rodent body mass, and the ratio of seed/rodent mass were determinants of seed consumption.
Heart–lung vs. double‐lung transplantation for idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Hill Charles , Maxwell Bryan , Boulate David , Haddad Francois , Ha Richard , Afshar Kamyar , Weill David , Dhillon Gundeep S. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractPatients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) have improved survival after heart–lung transplantation (HLT) and double‐lung transplantation (DLT). However, the optimal procedure for patients with IPAH undergoing transplantation remains unclear. We hypothesized that critically ill IPAH patients, defined by admission to the intensive care units (ICU), would demonstrate improved survival with HLT vs. DLT. All adult IPAH patients (>18 yr) in the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) database, who underwent either HLT or DLT between 1987 and 2012, were included. Baseline characteristics, survival, and adjusted survival were compared between the HLT and DLT groups. Similar analyses were performed for the subgroups as defined by the recipients' hospitalization status. A total of 928 IPAH patients (667 DLT, 261 HLT) were included in this analysis. The HLT recipients were younger, more likely to be admitted to the ICU, and have had their transplant in previous eras. Overall, the adjusted survivals after HLT or DLT were similar. For recipients who were hospitalized in the ICU, DLT was associated with worse outcomes (HR 1.827; 95% CI 1.018–3.279). In IPAH patients, the overall survival after HLT or DLT is comparable. HLT may provide improved outcomes in critically ill IPAH patients admitted to the ICU at time of transplantation.
Predicting the future effectiveness of protected areas for bird conservation in Mediterranean ecosystems under climate change and novel fire regime scenarios
Authors: Regos Adrián , D'Amen Manuela , Titeux Nicolas , Herrando Sergi , Guisan Antoine , Brotons Lluís 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimGlobal environmental changes challenge traditional conservation approaches based on the selection of static protected areas due to their limited ability to deal with the dynamic nature of driving forces relevant to biodiversity. The Natura 2000 network (N2000) constitutes a major milestone in biodiversity conservation in Europe, but the degree to which this static network will be able to reach its long‐term conservation objectives raises concern. We assessed the changes in the effectiveness of N2000 in a Mediterranean ecosystem between 2000 and 2050 under different combinations of climate and land cover change scenarios.LocationCatalonia, Spain.MethodsPotential distribution changes of several terrestrial bird species of conservation interest included in the European Union's Birds Directive were predicted within an ensemble‐forecasting framework that hierarchically integrated climate change and land cover change scenarios. Land cover changes were simulated using a spatially explicit fire‐succession model that integrates fire management strategies and vegetation encroachment after the abandonment of cultivated areas as the main drivers of landscape dynamics in Mediterranean ecosystems.ResultsOur results suggest that the amount of suitable habitats for the target species will strongly decrease both inside and outside N2000. However, the effectiveness of N2000 is expected to increase in the next decades because the amount of suitable habitats is predicted to decrease less inside than outside this network.Main conclusionsSuch predictions shed light on the key role that the current N2000 may play in the near future and emphasize the need for an integrative conservation perspective wherein agricultural, forest and fire management policies should be considered to effectively preserve key habitats for threatened birds in fire‐prone, highly dynamic Mediterranean ecosystems. Results also show the importance of considering landscape dynamics and the synergies between different driving forces when assessing the long‐term effectiveness of protected areas for biodiversity conservation.
Effect of Amine Additive for the Synthesis of Cadmium Selenide Quantum Dots in a Microreactor
Authors: Jeong Da‐Woon , Swain Basudev , Seong Tae‐Yeon , Park Kyoung‐Tae , Lee Chan Gi , Kim Bum Sung 
Published: September 2015

The effect of octylamine flow rate on the structure and morphology of CdSe quantum dots synthesized in a microreactor was studied. The flow rate of octylamine was varied from 0.005 ml/min to 0.030 ml/min, and the optical properties of the synthesized particles were analyzed by UV–vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The particle size of the quantum dots was found to increase with an increasing octylamine flow rate. Further, UV–vis and photoluminescence bands were found to be red‐shifted with an increasing flow rate. We determined that, by controlling octylamine flow rate, the particle size of the quantum dots could be controlled. This method will help to determine the optimal octylamine flow conditions for synthesizing nanoparticles for use in a diverse range of applications.
LaNbO4–NiO–Y2O3 Stabilized ZrO2 Anode‐Support Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Ma Ben , Li Kai , Chi Bo , Pu Jian , Li Jian 
Published: September 2015

As anode‐support materials for solid oxide fuel cells, porous LaNbO4–NiO–Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ) composites (LNY), containing 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt% of LaNbO4 and designated as 0LNO, 5LNO, 10LNO, 15LNO, and 20LNO, respectively, are prepared by tape casting and sintering. They are investigated for their microstructure and mechanical, electrical and thermal expansion properties. The porosity of as‐sintered LNY is around 30%, and that of reduced LNY cermets decreases from 47% for reduced 0LNO to 43% for reduced 20LNO. The fracture strength (σf) of LNY is higher than that of the reduced form; however, both of them are not rather sensitive to the amount of LaNbO4, depending on crack‐originating flaws in the specimens. The fracture toughness (KIC) of LNY increases with LaNbO4 content and is 1.87 MPa·m1/2 for 20LNO, which is more than 20% increase from that of 0LNO; however the KIC for reduced LNY is higher than that of LNY, and decreases with increasing LaNbO4 content due to the decreased amount of ductile metallic Ni phase. The conductivity of reduced LNY depends on Ni content and is higher than 289 S/cm at temperatures below 900°C. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of both LNY and reduced LNY is in the range between 12.4 and 11.4 × 10−6 K−1; which is closely matched with that of YSZ electrolyte.
Nurses' views on patient self‐management: a qualitative study
Authors: Been‐Dahmen Janet M.J. , Dwarswaard Jolanda , Hazes Johanna M.W. , van Staa AnneLoes , Ista Erwin 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimsTo unravel outpatient nurses' views on the role of people with chronic conditions in self‐management, nurses' own support role and to establish how these views relate to nurse‐led self‐management interventions.BackgroundProviding self‐management support is a core task of nurses in outpatient chronic care. However, the concept of self‐management is interpreted in different ways and little is known about nurses' views on patients' role in self‐management and nurses' own support role.DesignQualitative design.MethodsIndividual semi‐structured interviews were held in 2012–2013 with outpatient nurses at a university medical hospital in the Netherlands. After transcription, data‐driven codes were assigned and key elements of views and experiences were discussed in the research team. Finally, insights were merged to construct and characterize types.ResultsTwenty‐seven nurses were interviewed. The analysis identified three divergent views on self‐management support: adhering to a medical regimen; monitoring symptoms; and integrating illness into daily life. These views differ with respect to the patient's role in self‐management, the support role of the nurse and the focus of activities, ranging from biomedical to biopsychosocial. The first two were mainly medically oriented. Nurses applied interventions consistent with their individual views on self‐management.ConclusionNurses had distinct perceptions about self‐management and their own role in self‐management support. Social and emotional tasks of living with a chronic condition were, however, overlooked. Nurses seem to lack sufficient training and practical interventions to provide self‐management support that meets the integral needs of patients with a chronic condition.
Testing the dimensional structure of DSM‐5 posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in a nonclinical trauma‐exposed adolescent sample
Authors: Liu Liyong , Wang Li , Cao Chengqi , Qing Yulan , Armour Cherie 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundThe current study investigated the underlying dimensionality of DSM‐5 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in a trauma‐exposed Chinese adolescent sample using a confirmatory factor analytic (CFA) alternative model approach.MethodsThe sample consisted of 559 students (242 females and 314 males) ranging in age from 12 to 18 years (M = 15.8, SD = 1.3). Participants completed the PTSD Checklist for DSM‐5, the Major Depression Disorder and Panic Disorder subscales of the Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Aggressive Behavior subscale of the Youth Self‐Report.ResultsConfirmatory factor analytic results indicated that a seven‐factor model comprised of intrusion, avoidance, negative affect, anhedonia, externalizing behavior, anxious arousal, and dysphoric arousal factors emerged as the best‐fitting model. Further analyses showed that the external measures of psychopathological variables including major depressive disorder, panic disorder, and aggressive behavior were differentially associated with the resultant factors.ConclusionsThese findings support and extend previous findings for the newly refined seven‐factor hybrid model, and carry clinical and research implications for trauma‐related psychopathology.
Convective Drying Behavior of Tarhana Dough
Authors: Sakin‐Yilmazer Melike 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn this study, convective air drying was applied to tarhana dough using an electric pilot oven. A three‐stage drying process was recommended as a means of shortening the overall drying period. This consisted of the drying of one‐side of a thin layer of tarhana dough, a subsequent drying of the reverse‐side thin layer of tarhana dough, followed by that of flake drying, which is obtained after the flaking of the semi‐dried thin layers. The moisture transfer behavior of the thin layers of tarhana dough and flakes was determined by observing the moisture content and drying rate (kg moisture/m2/s) profiles at air temperatures of 60, 80 and 100C, until the equilibrium of the final moisture content. The moisture diffusivities for each stage were predicted by the analytical solution of Fick's second law of diffusion. At each drying temperature, considerably higher effective diffusivity values were obtained for flake drying (16.3–36.4 × 10−8 m2/s) as compared with thin layer dough drying (0.7–2.6 × 10−8 m2/s; p < 0.05). The convective drying of tarhana in three stages was then simulated by an implicit finite difference numerical solution using the predicted effective moisture diffusivity values as input. A suitable agreement between the numerical and experimental moisture profiles was achieved. The volatile compounds of tarhana powders and their concentrations were determined by headspace solid‐phase micro‐extraction. A sharp reduction in the concentration of specific volatile compounds with applied air temperatures, which are equal to and higher than 80C, was observed.Practical ApplicationsTarhana is a traditional Turkish fermented food and generally consumed as a dry soup mix. Tarhana soup is one of the selected traditional recipes from Turkey, a partner country for inclusion in the work package on “Traditional Foods” of a EuroFIR pilot study, funded under the EU 6th Framework Food Quality and Safety Programme. The drying of tarhana dough is one of the critical steps. In the traditional sun drying method for tarhana dough, a large amount of manual labor is required for homogenous drying. This study recommends mechanical stage‐by‐stage convective oven drying, which can be applied industrially instead of either sun drying or a continual static process. Also presented is the simulation of convective drying of tarhana dough by the implicit finite difference numerical solution, which is a numerical tool to predict the time‐moisture content of the tarhana dough during an industrial convective drying.
An In Vivo Evaluation of the Fit of Zirconium‐Oxide Based, Ceramic Single Crowns with Vertical and Horizontal Finish Line Preparations
Authors: Vigolo Paolo , Mutinelli Sabrina , Biscaro Leonello , Stellini Edoardo 
Published: September 2015

AbstractPurposeDifferent types of tooth preparations influence the marginal precision of zirconium‐oxide based ceramic single crowns. In this in vivo study, the marginal fits of zirconium‐oxide based ceramic single crowns with vertical and horizontal finish lines were compared.Materials and MethodsForty‐six teeth were chosen in eight patients indicated for extraction for implant placement. CAD/CAM technology was used for the production of 46 zirconium‐oxide‐based ceramic single crowns: 23 teeth were prepared with vertical finishing lines, 23 with horizontal finishing lines. One operator accomplished all clinical procedures. The zirconia crowns were cemented with glass ionomer cement. The teeth were extracted 1 month later. Marginal gaps along vertical planes were measured for each crown, using a total of four landmarks for each tooth by means of a microscope at 50× magnification. On conclusion of microscopic assessment, ESEM evaluation was completed on all specimens. The comparison of the gap between the two types of preparation was performed with a nonparametric test (two‐sample Wilcoxon rank‐sum test) with a level of significance fixed at p < 0.05. All data were analyzed with STATA12.ResultsIn the group with horizontal finish line preparations, the median value of the gap was 35.45 μm (Iqr, 0.33); for the vertical finish line group, the median value of the gap was 35.44 μm (Iqr, 0.40). The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (two‐sample Wilcoxon rank‐sum test, p = 0.0872).ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study, the gaps of the zirconium‐oxide‐based ceramic CAD/CAM crowns with vertical and horizontal finish line preparations were not different.
Survey of the incidence of pectinate ligament dysplasia and glaucoma in theUKLeonberger population
Authors: Fricker Georgina V. , Smith Kerry , Gould David J. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of pectinate ligament dysplasia (PLD) inUKLeonbergers and identify cases affected by glaucoma. Also, to define the spectrum of pectinate ligament (PL) appearance in this breed and determine whether gonioscopic monitoring should be recommended.Animals studiedData were compiled from 78 prospective gonioscopy examinations performed by one author (GF) and retrospective analysis of 233UKeye scheme certificates (2009–2014). Clinical cases of glaucoma in Leonbergers diagnosed byUKveterinary ophthalmologists, where gonioscopy of the fellow eyes or histology of affected eyes had been performed, were also reviewed.ProcedureIn the prospective study, intraocular pressure was recorded prior to gonioscopy using a rebound tonometer. Gonioscopy was performed using a slit‐lamp biomicroscope with a Koeppe goniolens.PLDwas categorized according to the percentage of the iridocorneal drainage angle affected (grade 0 = <25% affected; grade 1 = 25–50% affected; grade 2 = 51–75% affected; and grade 3 = >75% affected), and the degree of narrowing of the angle was noted.ResultsOf 78 dogs examined prospectively, 64/78 (82%) were grade 0, 7/78 (9%) were grade 1, 3/78 (4%) were grade 2, and 4/78 (5%) were grade 3. A large phenotypic variation was observed. Spearman's rank correlation showed a positive correlation between age and severity ofPLD(P < 0.0055). 52 (22%) of Leonbergers examined under theUKeye scheme 2009–2014 were affected byPLD. Five clinical cases of glaucoma were reviewed where gonioscopy had been performed and one where histology was performed. All individuals had grade 3PLDwith gonioscopy of the contralateral eye or severe goniodysgenesis with histological sections of the affected eye.ConclusionThis survey suggests the prevalence ofPLDis sufficient to justify ongoing screening of Leonbergers.
Relationship Between Physical Qualities and Minutes Played in International Women’s Rugby Sevens
Authors: Goodale Tyler L. , Gabbett Tim J. , Stellingwerff Trent , Tsai Ming-Chang , Sheppard Jeremy M. 
Published: September 2015

Purpose:To investigate the physical qualities that differentiate playing minutes in international-level women’s rugby sevens players.Methods:Twenty-four national-level female rugby sevens players underwent measurements of anthropometry, acceleration, speed, lower- and upper-body strength, lower-body power, and aerobic fitness. Playing minutes in international competition were used to differentiate players into 2 groups, a high- or low-playing-minutes group. Playing minutes were related to team selection, which was determined by the coaching staff. Playing minutes were therefore used to differentiate performance levels.Results:Players in the high-playing-minutes group (≥70 min) were older (mean ± SD 24.3 ± 3.1 vs 21.2 ± 4.3 y, P = .05, effect size [ES] = 0.77 ± 0.66, 90% confidence limit) and had greater experience in a national-training-center environment (2.4 ± 0.8 vs 1.7 ± 0.9 y, P = .03, ES = 0.83 ± 0.65), faster 1600-m time (374.5 ± 20.4 vs 393.5 ± 29.8 s, P = .09, ES = –0.70 ± 0.68), and greater 1-repetition-maximum upper-body strength (bench press 68.4 ± 6.3 vs 62.2 ± 8.1 kg, P = .07, ES = 0.80 ± 0.70, and neutral-grip pull-up 84.0 ± 8.2 vs 79.1 ± 5.4 kg, P = .12, ES = 0.68 ± 0.72) than athletes who played fewer minutes. Age (rs = .59 ± ~.28), training experience (rs = .57 ± ~.29), bench press (r = .44 ± ~.36), and 1600-m time (r = –.43 ± ~.34) were significantly associated with playing minutes. Neutral-grip pull-up and bench press contributed significantly to a discriminant analysis. The average squared canonical correlation was .46. The discriminant analysis predicted 7 of 9 and 6 of 10 high- and low-playing-minutes athletes, respectively.Conclusions:Age, training experience, upper-body strength, and aerobic fitness differentiated athlete playing minutes in international women’s rugby sevens.
Genome Sequence of
Streptomyces caatingaensis
CMAA 1322, a New Abiotic Stress-Tolerant Actinomycete Isolated from Dried Lake Bed Sediment in the Brazilian Caatinga Biome
Authors: Santos Suikinai Nobre , Gacesa Ranko , Taketani Rodrigo Gouvêa , Long Paul F. , Melo Itamar Soares 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT

The genome sequence of the first
Streptomyces
species isolated from the Brazilian Caatinga is reported here. Genes related to environmental stress tolerance were prevalent and included many secondary metabolic gene clusters.
School smoking policies and educational inequalities in smoking behaviour of adolescents aged 14–17 years in Europe
Authors: Kuipers Mirte A G , de Korte Rosaline , Soto Victoria Eugenia , Richter Matthias , Moor Irene , Rimpelä Arja H , Perelman Julian , Federico Bruno , Kunst Anton E , Lorant Vincent 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundStudies on the effects of school smoking policies are inconclusive and there is no research on whether the effects of school policies vary by educational level. We examined the association between school smoking policies and smoking behaviour among adolescents aged 14–17 years in Europe and assessed educational inequalities in these associations.MethodsData on 10 325 adolescents from 50 schools in six European cities were obtained from the 2013 SILNE survey. We measured student perceived policy, staff reported policy and its three subscales: regulations, communication and sanctions. The association between school policies and smoking outcomes (daily smoking and smoking on school premises) was adjusted for individual characteristics and for parental smoking. We tested interaction between school policies and educational level.ResultsDaily smoking was not associated with school smoking policies (eg, OR total policy=1.04, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.16 and OR student perceived policy=1.04, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.10). Smoking on school premises was less prevalent in schools with stronger staff reported total policy (OR=0.71, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.96). Other policy variables were also negatively associated with smoking on school premises, but not significantly (eg, OR student perceived policy=0.89, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.02). Associations between policy and smoking on school premises tended to be stronger in those with a low educational level, but none of the interactions tested were statistically significant.ConclusionsOur results suggest that school smoking policies may not have a direct effect on daily smoking but may reduce smoking on the school premises. We found no clear evidence for the effects of school policies to differ by educational level.
Atrioesophageal fistula following ablation procedures for atrial fibrillation: systematic review of case reports
Authors: Chavez Patricia , Messerli Franz H , Casso Dominguez Abel , Aziz Emad F , Sichrovsky Tina , Garcia Daniel , Barrett Connor D , Danik Stephan 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundAtrioesophageal fistula (AEF) is a rare but serious adverse event of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation.ObjectiveTo identify the clinical characteristics of AEF following ablation procedures for AF and determine the associated mortality.MethodsA systematic review of observational cases of AEF following ablation procedures for AF was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement protocol.Results53 cases were identified. Mean age was 54±13 years; 73% (39/53) of cases occurred in males. Mean interval between procedure and presentation was 20±12 days, ranging from 2 to 60 days. AEF was observed in 12 patients who underwent surgical radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and in 41 patients with percutaneous RFA. Fever was the most common presenting symptom (n=44) followed by neurological deficits (n=27) and haematemesis (n=19). CT of the chest (n=27) was the preferred diagnostic test. Patients who did not receive a primary esophageal repair were more likely to have a deadly outcome (34% vs 83%; p<0.05). No difference in mortality rate was found between patients who underwent surgical RFA when compared with percutaneous RFA (58% vs 56%; p=0.579). No association was found between onset of symptoms and mortality (19±10 vs 23±14 days; p=0.355).ConclusionsAEF following ablation procedures for AF is a serious complication with high mortality rates. Presenting symptoms most often include a triad of fever, neurological deficit and/or haematemesis within 60 days of procedure. The preferred diagnostic test is CT of the chest. The treatments of choice is surgical repair.