bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Movement‐based cognitive training does not significantly shorten the learning curve for acquiring arthroscopic basic skills
Authors: Alt Prisca S. , Hamacher Dennis , Anetzberger Hermann , Becker Roland 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeSkilful arthroscopy requires an aboveaverage level of manual dexterity. It is evident that particular motor skills can be learned and trained before arthroscopic training. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the impact of movement‐related cognitive training on the learning curve during arthroscopic basic training.MethodsFifty right‐handed participants without arthroscopic experience were matched to an intervention group (n = 25) and a control group (n = 25). Prior to basic arthroscopic skill training with a simulator, the intervention group underwent 12 weeks of movement‐related cognitive training. Cognitive and motor skills were assessed in both groups by using standardised tests (CogniFit test, angle reproduction test, two‐arm coordination test) as a pretest and, for the intervention group, again before arthroscopic training as a posttest. For arthroscopic simulator training, three tasks (‘Telescoping’, ‘Periscoping’, ‘Triangulation’) from the Fundamentals of Arthroscopic Surgery Training module were selected and practiced 10 times with the camera in the right and left hands. The learning progress was quantified by exercise time, camera path length and hook path length.ResultsNo significant differences in sex distribution, age distribution or the results of the pretests between the intervention group (n = 21) and the control group (n = 25) were found (n.s.). The intervention group improved significantly from the pretest to the posttest in the CogniFit (p = 0.003) and two‐arm coordination test in terms of time (p < 0.001) and errors (p = 0.002) but not in the angle reproduction test. No significant differences were found between the groups for the three arthroscopic tasks.ConclusionThe hypothesis that movement‐related cognitive training shortens the learning curve for acquiring arthroscopic basic skills cannot be confirmed. Other factors influencing the learning curve such as talent, teaching method and motivation have a greater impact on the acquisition of complex motor skills.Level of EvidenceLevel II.
Efficient Poling‐Free Wavelength Conversion in Thin Film Lithium Niobate Harnessing Bound States in the Continuum
Authors: Chakkoria Jackson J. , Aoni Rifat A. , Dubey Aditya , Ren Guanghui , Nguyen Thach G. , Boes Andreas , Selvaraja Shankar K. , Mitchell Arnan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOver the past two decades, there has been a surge of interest in photonic integrated circuits (PICs) to enable low‐cost industrial mass manufacture of miniaturized optical systems while simultaneously improving performance and energy efficiency following the trajectory of electronics and large‐scale integration. An essential characteristic of any PIC lies in the ability of waveguides to efficiently confine light. The phenomenon of bound states in the continuum (BIC) shows promise in achieving confinement of light for modes that otherwise would suffer from high leakage losses, which can occur in many PIC platforms. In this contribution, the usefulness of operating near a BIC to achieve efficient second harmonic generation of ≈300% W−1 cm−2 in Silicon Nitride (SiN) loaded lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) waveguides without needing to either pole or etch the lithium niobate is experimentally demonstrated. The guided fundamental mode is phase matched at the telecom wavelength to a higher order mode at the second harmonic wavelength that is engineered as a bound state in the continuum to mitigate leakage losses. This demonstrates the promise of using BIC in weakly confining waveguides for nonlinear optical applications all while avoiding the poling process by engineering waveguide geometry.
On the implicative‐infimum subreducts of weak Heyting algebras
Authors: Celani Sergio , San Martín Hernán J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe variety of weak Heyting algebras was introduced in 2005 by Celani and Jansana. This corresponds to the strict implication fragment of the normal modal logic which is also known as the subintuitionistic local consequence of the class of all Kripke models. Subresiduated lattices are a generalization of Heyting algebras and particular cases of weak Heyting algebras. They were introduced during the 1970s by Epstein and Horn as an algebraic counterpart of some logics with strong implication previously studied by Lewy and Hacking. In this paper we study the class of implicative‐infimum subreducts of weak Heyting algebras. In particular, we prove that this class is a variety by giving an equational base for it. We also present a topological duality for the algebraic category whose objects are the implicative‐infimum subreducts of subresiduated lattices.
Implications of Ramsey Choice principles in ZF$\mathsf {ZF}$
Authors: Halbeisen Lorenz , Plati Riccardo , Shelah Saharon 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Ramsey Choice principle for families of ‐element sets, denoted , states that every infinite set has an infinite subset with a choice function on . We investigate for which positive integers and the implication is provable in . It will turn out that beside the trivial implications , under the assumption that every odd integer is the sum of three primes (known as ternary Goldbach conjecture), the only non‐trivial implication which is provable in is .
Hilbert's tenth problem for lacunary entire functions of finite order
Authors: Garcia‐Fritz Natalia , Pasten Hector 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the context of Hilbert's tenth problem, an outstanding open case is that of complex entire functions in one variable. A negative solution is known for polynomials (by Denef) and for exponential polynomials of finite order (by Chompitaki, Garcia‐Fritz, Pasten, Pheidas, and Vidaux), but no other case is known for rings of complex entire functions in one variable. We prove a negative solution to the analogue of Hilbert's tenth problem for rings of complex entire functions of finite order having lacunary power series expansion at the origin.
Liposome‐based in situ antigen‐modification strategy for “universal” T‐cell‐receptor engineered T cell in cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Qin , Peng Rui , Qi Haoyue , Xu Ruihan , Liu Wanmin , Meng Fanyan , Du Shiyao , Yu Lixia , Wei Jia , Liu Fangcen , Li Rutian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractT‐cell receptor (TCR) engineered T‐cell therapy, unlike chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy, relies on the inherent ability of TCRs to detect a wider variety of antigenic epitopes, such as protein fragments found internally or externally on cells. Hence, TCR‐T‐cell therapy offers broader possibilities for treating solid tumors. However, because of the complicated process of identifying specific antigenic peptides, their clinical application still encounters significant challenges. Thus, we aimed to establish a novel “universal” TCR‐T “artificial antigen expression” technique that involves the delivery of the antigen to tumor cells using DSPE‐PEG‐NY‐ESO‐1157‐165 liposomes (NY‐ESO‐1 Lips) to express TCR‐T‐cell‐specific recognition targets. In vitro as well as in vivo studies revealed that they could accumulate efficiently in the tumor area and deliver target antigens to activate the tumor‐specific cytotoxic T‐cell immune response. NY‐ESO‐1 TCR‐T therapy, when used in combination, dramatically curbed tumor progression and extended the longevity of mice. Additionally, PD‐1 blockage enhanced the therapeutic effect of the aforementioned therapy. In conclusion, NY‐ESO‐1 Lips “cursed” tumor cells by enabling antigenic target expression on their surface. This innovative technique presents a groundbreaking approach for the widespread utilization of TCR‐T in solid tumor treatment.
Deep neural network‐based infinitesimal dipole modeling using either near or far electric‐field
Authors: Park Jae‐Yoon , Kim Yong‐Hwa , Cho Chihyun , Choo Jaeyul 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper presents the deep neural network‐based infinitesimal dipole model using either near‐ or far‐field radiation patterns. Based on the radiating characteristic of an infinitesimal dipole, we generated a data set including near and far field radiation patterns corresponding to the phases of infinitesimal dipoles. We used the data set to train and validate the deep neural network (DNN) model. After checking the statistic of the fit function and the average error in expecting the phases of the infinite dipoles, we conclude that the proposed infinitesimal dipole modeling using DNN is sufficient to predict the characteristics of electromagnetic radiation.
When to feed after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Bechtold Matthew L. , Tarar Zahid Ijaz , Yousaf Muhammad N. , Moafa Ghady , Majzoub Abdul M. , Deda Xheni , Matteson‐Kome Michelle L. , Puli Srinivas R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundInitiation of feeding after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) placement has been debated. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been performed on early feeding compared with delayed feeding after PEG placement with varying results. Therefore, a meta‐analysis was conducted examining early vs delayed feeding after placement of a PEG.MethodsA comprehensive search of databases was conducted in January 2024. Peer‐reviewed published RCTs comparing early feeding (≤4 h) with delayed feeding (>4 h) were identified and included in the meta‐analysis. Meta‐analysis was completed using pooled estimates of overall complications, individual complications, mortality ≤72 h, and number of day 1 significant gastric residual volumes.ResultsSix RCTs (n = 467) were included in the analysis. Comparison of early feeding with delayed feeding after PEG showed no statistically significant differences for overall complications (P = 0.18), mortality ≤72 h (P = 0.3), and number of day 1 significant gastric residual volumes (P = 0.05). No differences were also noted for individual complications, including vomiting, wound infection, bleeding, or diarrhea.ConclusionFeeding ≤4 h after PEG have no differences in minor and major complications compared with that of delayed feeding. Early feeding ≤4 h is safe and should be recommended in future guidelines.
Vestibular Rehabilitation Using Dynamic Posturography: Objective and Patient‐Reported Outcomes from a Randomized Trial
Authors: David Eytan A. , Shahnaz Navid 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveBalance deficits are common and debilitating. Standard treatments have limitations in addressing symptoms and restoring dynamic balance function. This study compares a rehabilitative computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) protocol, computerized vestibular retraining therapy (CVRT), with a home exercise program (HEP) for patients with objectively confirmed unilateral vestibular deficits (UVDs).Study DesignSingle‐center, randomized, interventional trial, with 1‐sided crossover.SettingA tertiary neurotology clinic.MethodsPatients with UVDs and Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) score >30 were randomized to receive either CVRT or HEP. After completion of treatment, the HEP group was crossed over to CVRT. Outcome measures were the sensory organization test (SOT) and 3 participants reported dizziness disability measures: the DHI, Activity‐Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) scale, and Falls Efficacy Score—International (FES‐I).ResultsWe enrolled 37 patients: 18 participants completed CVRT and 12 completed HEP, 11 of whom completed the crossover. Seven participants withdrew. The CVRT group demonstrated a greater improvement in SOT composite score than the HEP group (P = .04). Both groups demonstrated improvement in participant‐reported measures but there were no differences between groups (DHI: P = .2604; ABC: P = .3627; FES‐I: P = .96). Following crossover to CVRT after HEP, SOT composite (P = .002), DHI (P = .03), and ABC (P = .006) improved compared to HEP alone.ConclusionCVRT and HEP were both associated with improved participant‐reported disability outcomes. CVRT was associated with greater improvement in objective balance than HEP. Adding CVRT after HEP was superior to HEP alone. Multimodal CDP‐based interventions, such as CVRT, should be considered as an adjunct to vestibular physiotherapy for patients with UVD.
Assessing early left ventricular remodeling in pediatric hypertension: A study using transthoracic echocardiography combined with two‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in an immature rabbit model
Authors: Feng Lingxin , Zhu Xu , Ji Xiaojuan , Zhu Huiru , Ran Tingting , Yang Haiyan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study explored the value of routine transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) combined with two‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D‐STE) for the early evaluation of left ventricular remodeling in the hypertensive immature rabbit model. Twenty‐seven New Zealand white rabbits were divided into Group A (sham‐operated group), Group B (mild group), and Group C (severe group), with 9 rabbits per group. The hypertension model was constructed using the “two kidneys one clip” method. Changes in left ventricular function and the degree of left ventricular wall thickening were observed by TTE at 1, 4, and 8 weeks after modeling. The global longitudinal strain (GLS‐AVG, GLS‐A4C, GLS‐A2C, and GLS‐LAX) of the left ventricle (LV) and the longitudinal strain (LS) of the 18 segments of left ventricular myocardium were analyzed using 2D‐STE. Concurrently, LV myocardial tissue was sampled for HE staining and Masson staining. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to evaluate the accuracy of 2D‐STE parameters in predicting myocardial fibrosis. The model group exhibited varying degrees of left ventricular remodeling. GLS‐A4C, GLS‐A2C, GLS‐LAX, and GLS‐AVG in the model group increased at 1 week after modeling (P < 0.01), with LS abnormalities concentrated in the apical segments. GLS‐AVG showed a significant positive correlation with both IVSd and CVF (P < 0.01). The area under the curve (AUC) values of GLS‐AVG, GLS‐A4C, GLS‐A2C, and GLS‐LAX were 0.850, 0.827, 0.839, and 0.800, respectively. This study demonstrates the promise of TTE combined with 2D‐STE for the early and comprehensive evaluation of left ventricular myocardial damage in hypertensive children in the clinical setting.
Gravastar Model in Krori–Barua Metric Under f(Q)$f(\mathcal {Q})$ Gravity
Authors: Mohanty Debasmita , Sahoo Pradyumn K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the characteristics of a gravastar in gravity, which is upheld by Krori–Barua (KB) metric are explored. The authors have used KB metric for the interior and shell regions of the gravastar. The field equations are deduced by using KB metric. In the outside regions of the gravastar, two regular black hole metrics are taken. Additionally, the Israel junction condition to calculate the potential difference across the thin shell concerning different types of regular black holes, such as Bardeen and Hayward is applied. The physical properties like proper length, entropy, energy, equation of state, and stability are also discussed.
Proca in an Expanding Universe
Authors: Fell Shaun David Brocus , Heisenberg Lavinia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe superradiant growth of massive vector fields in rotating black hole spacetimes has garnered significant attention in recent literature. However, the majority of these studies overlook the influence of a cosmological constant, which likely constitutes the primary energy content of our universe. In this paper, we extend recent research by incorporating a cosmological constant into the Einstein+Proca system and numerically evolving the resulting equations of motion. Utilizing the newly released GRBoondi numerical relativity code, designed specifically for the numerical evolution of (generalized) Proca fields, we discover that parameters causing a growing instability in the scenario transition to a decaying state when . This results in a more intriguing phenomenology. These simulations pave the way for future full Einstein+Proca simulations to explore the secular decay of the resultant cloud from gravitational emission.
HAZOP, FMECA, monitoring algorithm, and Bayesian network integrated approach for an exhaustive risk assessment and real‐time safety analysis: Case study
Authors: Nehal Naima , Mekkakia‐Mehdi Mokhtaria , Lounis Zakia , Guetarni Islam H. M. , Lounis Zoubida 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHazard studies are essential in the petrochemical industry to ensure safe operations. This article provides an in‐depth analysis of the hazards associated with a vacuum distillation unit furnace. This study aims to identify probable hazard scenarios related to furnace operation, assess the associated risks, and provide prevention and mitigation strategies. A comprehensive strategy was employed to achieve these objectives, combining two analysis methods: HAZard OPerability (HAZOP) and Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis (FMECA). This integrated approach enables a comprehensive risk assessment to be carried out and appropriate preventive measures to be taken to maintain safe operations, including renovation work. Then, depending on the results of the two methods, it is essential to constantly evaluate equipment safety, taking into account parameters such as furnace efficiency, tube temperature, and fume temperature. Therefore, a monitoring program has been created in Python, which enables real‐time examination of the furnace's safety with these critical parameters. If safety conditions are compromised, alarms are sent to mitigate risks, particularly in case of a failure. A Bayesian model is also developed to evaluate the algorithm's results and determine renovation and failure case scenarios. This comprehensive approach improves risk assessment's reliability, precision, maintains safe and efficient industrial operations.
Unbiased process capability estimation for autocorrelated data using exhaustive systematic sampling
Authors: Grimshaw Scott D. , Guo Zhupeng , Duke Tyler 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIt is well known that process control index estimators are inflated when naively applied to positively autocorrelated data. The autocorrelation is a nuisance and not a feature that is captured in the process capability indices. This paper proposes exhaustive systematic sampling to create a pooled variance estimator that replaces the biased estimator of the process data standard deviation when data are autocorrelated. The proposed method is effective because the observations within a systematic sample are spread out in time and should be less correlated with each other as a result. It is similar to Bayesian thinning as a strategy for reducing the impact of autocorrelation except no observations are dropped. Properties of estimated process control indices are derived using quadratic forms and large sample theory that is nonparametric in the sense no distribution or time series model is assumed. Approximately unbiased estimates can be achieved for sufficiently large systematic sampling interval. The proposed method is compared to the time series method in a simulation study that demonstrates similar performance. The proposed method is applied to two examples that use because the target is not the midpoint of the specification limits and the mean differs from the target.
Mathematical modeling of evolution of cell networks in epithelial tissues
Authors: Krasnyakov Ivan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEpithelial cell networks imply a packing geometry characterized by various cell shapes and distributions in terms of number of cell neighbors and areas. Despite such simple characteristics describing cell sheets, the formation of bubble‐like cells during the morphogenesis of epithelial tissues remains poorly understood. This study proposes a topological mathematical model of morphogenesis in a squamous epithelial. We introduce a new potential that takes into account not only the elasticity of cell perimeter and area but also the elasticity of their internal angles. Additionally, we incorporate an integral equation for chemical signaling, allowing us to consider chemo‐mechanical cell interactions. In addition to the listed factors, the model takes into account essential processes in real epithelial, such as cell proliferation and intercalation. The presented mathematical model has yielded novel insights into the packing of epithelial sheets. It has been found that there are two main states: one consists of cells of the same size, and the other consists of “bubble” cells. An example is provided of the possibility of accounting for chemo‐mechanical interactions in a multicellular environment. The introduction of a parameter determining the flexibility of cell shapes enables the modeling of more complex cell behaviors, such as considering change of cell phenotype. The developed mathematical model of morphogenesis of squamous epithelium allows progress in understanding the processes of formation of cell networks. The results obtained from mathematical modeling are of significant importance for understanding the mechanisms of morphogenesis and development of epithelial tissues. Additionally, the obtained results can be applied in developing methods to influence morphogenetic processes in medical applications.
Trajectory Tracking of Stochastic Open Quantum Systems Based on Online Estimated State Feedback Control
Authors: Cong Shuang , Zhou Yuqiu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn online estimated state feedback control for trajectory tracking in stochastic open quantum systems is proposed in this paper, which is based on the Lyapunov‐based control method. By inducing the error between the controlled state, and the target state as the error state, the trajectory tracking problem of the quantum system is transformed into the error state transition control problem. The quantum state online estimation method QST‐OADM is applied to estimate the state of the error state system online, and the tracking control laws are designed by using the quantum Lyapunov stability theorem for driving the stochastic open quantum system from an arbitrary initial state to an arbitrary trajectory. The numerical simulation experiments and results analyses are given.
Dark patterns: EU's regulatory efforts
Authors: Herman Johanna 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn a world where technology is rapidly advancing, regulation of dark pattern practices has become a topic of increasing importance. Society has become somewhat desensitized to these deceptive online practices that manipulate users into taking actions, which are not in their best interests, such as difficulty unsubscribing from a service, prominence of consent buttons, and countless other advanced tactics to obscure transparency. However, these ongoing practices harm both the individual user, and society in general, by impeding informed decision‐making. This Article addresses the European Union's leading efforts to tackle dark pattern practices, and in particular, addresses the numerous legislative acts which have been enacted to regulate and eliminate them. The acts explored in this Article include the General Data Protection Regulation, the Uniform Commercial Practices Directive, the Data Act, the Digital Markets Act, the Digital Services Act, the Amendment to the Directive on Financial Services Contracts Concluded at a Distance, and the Artificial Intelligence Act. This Article then discusses the interplay between the numerous acts, and the resulting ambiguities and overlap which have led to a level of regulatory redundancy. This Article examines not only the difficulty in interpretation of the various acts, but additionally, explores the issues which arise in implementation from a jurisdictional perspective. Further, this Article suggests potential solutions to address the fragmented legislation, including a hybrid form of harmonization, as well as methods for consolidation and centralization.