bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fractional-Order 2 × n RLC Circuit Network
Authors: Zhou Rui , Chen Diyi , Iu Herbert H. C. 
Published: August 2015

This paper introduces new fundamentals of the 2 × n RLC circuit network in the fractional-order domain. First, we derive the three general formulae of the equivalent impedances of the circuit network by using the matrix transform methods and constructing the differential equation models in three different cases. Moreover, we systematically study the effects of the system parameters on the impedence characteristics in the three different cases. Specifically, the new phenomena and laws are presented by the results of the numerical simulations, which are impossible in the conventional cases. Finally, a comparative sensitivity analysis about the three cases with respect to the fractional orders for the fractional-order circuit network is carried out in detail. Mathematical analyses and numerical simulations are included to validate the study.
Parameters and design optimization of the ring piezoelectric ceramic transformer
Authors: Erhart Jiří 
Published: August 2015

Main aim of the presented paper is the theoretical analysis and experimental verification of the transformation parameters for the new type of nonhomogeneously poled ring transformer. The input part is poled in the thickness direction and output part in the radial direction. Two transformer geometries are studied — the input part is at inner ring segment, or it is at the outer ring segment. The optimum electrode size aspect ratios have been found experimentally as [Formula: see text] for the ring with aspect ratio [Formula: see text]. The fundamental as well as higher overtone resonances were studied for the transformation ratio, the optimum resistive load, efficiency and no-load transformation ratio. Higher overtones have better transformation parameters compared to the fundamental resonance. The new type ring transformer exhibits very high transformation ratios up to 200 under no-load and up to 13.4 under a high efficiency of 97% at the optimum load conditions of 10 [Formula: see text]. Strong electric field gradient at the output circuit is applicable for the electrical discharge generation.
Palaeomagnetic results from the fold and thrust belt of the Western Carpathians: an overview
Authors: Márton Emő , Grabowski Jacek , Tokarski Antek K. , Túnyi Igor 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The Western Carpathians are separated into an Outer and Inner Carpathians (both comprising several nappe systems) by the extremely narrow and highly deformed Pieniny Klippen Belt. The main phase of deformation and thrusting took place during the Late Cretaceous in the Inner Carpathians, at the end of Cretaceous–Paleocene in the Pieniny Klippen Belt and in the Miocene in the Outer Carpathians. In this paper a large amount of palaeomagnetic results of different quality available from several nappe stacks and from overstep sequences were reviewed and interpreted in terms of tectonics. The data suggest that all three main units participated in two phases of anticlockwise rotation starting at 18.5 Ma, that is, the Outer Carpathian nappes in front of the already consolidated Alpine–Carpathian–Pannonian block became accreted to the block. Late Cretaceous nappe transport, Neogene uplift of ‘core mountains’ and possibly oroclinal bending of pre-Oligocene age can account for important differences in pre-Cenozoic palaeomagnetic declinations. Most of them exhibit less or no anticlockwise rotation suggested by the overstep sequences, implying pre-Cenozoic clockwise rotations of variable angles.
Supplementation of
l
-Alanyl-
l
-Glutamine and Fish Oil Improves Body Composition and Quality of Life in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Wu Christina , Kato Tomoko S. , Ji Ruiping , Zizola Cynthia , Brunjes Danielle L. , Deng Yue , Akashi Hirokazu , Armstrong Hilary F. , Kennel Peter J. , Thomas Tiffany , Forman Daniel E. , Hall Jennifer , Chokshi Aalap , Bartels Matthew N. , Mancini Donna , Seres David , Schulze P. Christian 
Published: August 2015

Background—
Skeletal muscle dysfunction and exercise intolerance are clinical hallmarks of patients with heart failure. These have been linked to a progressive catabolic state, skeletal muscle inflammation, and impaired oxidative metabolism. Previous studies suggest beneficial effects of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and glutamine on exercise performance and muscle protein balance.

Methods and Results—

In a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 31 patients with heart failure were randomized to either
l
-alanyl-
l
-glutamine (8 g/d) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (6.5 g/d) or placebo (safflower oil and milk powder) for 3 months. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, 6-minute walk test, hand grip strength, functional muscle testing, echocardiography, and quality of life and lateral quadriceps muscle biopsy were performed at baseline and at follow-up. Oxidative capacity and metabolic gene expression were analyzed on muscle biopsies. No differences in muscle function, echocardiography, 6-minute walk test, or hand grip strength and a nonsignificant increase in peak V
O
2
in the treatment group were found. Lean body mass increased and quality of life improved in the active treatment group. Molecular analysis revealed no differences in muscle fiber composition, fiber cross-sectional area, gene expression of metabolic marker genes (PGC1α, CPT1, PDK4, and GLUT4), and skeletal muscle oxidative capacity.

Conclusions—

The combined supplementation of
l
-alanyl-
l
-glutamine and polyunsaturated fatty acid did not improve exercise performance or muscle function but increased lean body mass and quality of life in patients with chronic stable heart failure. These findings suggest potentially beneficial effects of high-dose nutritional polyunsaturated fatty acids and amino acid supplementations in patients with chronic stable heart failure.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01534663.
Racial/Ethnic and Sex Differences in Emergency Medical Services Transport Among Hospitalized US Stroke Patients: Analysis of the National Get With The Guidelines–Stroke Registry
Authors: Mochari‐Greenberger Heidi , Xian Ying , Hellkamp Anne S. , Schulte Phillip J. , Bhatt Deepak L. , Fonarow Gregg C. , Saver Jeffrey L. , Reeves Mathew J. , Schwamm Lee H. , Smith Eric E. 
Published: August 2015

Background

Differences in activation of emergency medical services (
EMS
) may contribute to racial/ethnic and sex disparities in stroke outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether
EMS
use varied by race/ethnicity and sex among a current, diverse national sample of hospitalized acute stroke patients.

Methods and Results

We analyzed data from 398 798 stroke patients admitted to 1613 Get With The Guidelines–Stroke participating hospitals between October 2011 and March 2014. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations between combinations of racial/ethnic and sex groups with
EMS
use, adjusting for potential confounders including demographics, medical history, and stroke symptoms. Patients were 50% female, 69% white, 19% black, 8% Hispanic, 3% Asian, and 1% other, and 86% had ischemic stroke. Overall, 59% of stroke patients were transported to the hospital by
EMS
. White women were most likely to use
EMS
(62%); Hispanic men were least likely to use
EMS
(52%). After adjustment for patient characteristics, Hispanic and Asian men and women had 20% to 29% lower adjusted odds of using
EMS versus their white counterparts
; black women were less likely than white women to use
EMS
(odds ratio 0.75, 95% CI 0.72 to 0.77). Patients with weakness or paresis, altered level of consciousness, and/or aphasia were significantly more likely to use
EMS
than patients without each symptom; the observed racial/ethnic and sex differences in
EMS
use remained significant after adjustment for stroke symptoms.

Conclusions

EMS
use differed by race/ethnicity and sex. These contemporary data document suboptimal use of
EMS
transport among US stroke patients, especially by racial/ethnic minorities and those with less recognized stroke symptoms.
Patterns of Precipitation Change and Climatological Uncertainty among CMIP5 Models, with a Focus on the Midlatitude Pacific Storm Track*
Authors: Langenbrunner Baird , Neelin J. David , Lintner Benjamin R. , Anderson Bruce T. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Projections of modeled precipitation (P) change in global warming scenarios demonstrate marked intermodel disagreement at regional scales. Empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) and maximum covariance analysis (MCA) are used to diagnose spatial patterns of disagreement in the simulated climatology and end-of-century P changes in phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) archive. The term principal uncertainty pattern (PUP) is used for any robust mode calculated when applying these techniques to a multimodel ensemble. For selected domains in the tropics, leading PUPs highlight features at the margins of convection zones and in the Pacific cold tongue. The midlatitude Pacific storm track is emphasized given its relevance to wintertime P projections over western North America. The first storm-track PUP identifies a sensitive region of disagreement in P increases over the eastern midlatitude Pacific where the storm track terminates, related to uncertainty in an eastward extension of the climatological jet. The second PUP portrays uncertainty in a zonally asymmetric meridional shift of storm-track P, related to uncertainty in the extent of a poleward jet shift in the western Pacific. Both modes appear to arise primarily from intermodel differences in the response to radiative forcing, distinct from sampling of internal variability. The leading storm-track PUPs for P and zonal wind change exhibit similarities to the leading uncertainty patterns for the historical climatology, indicating important and parallel sensitivities in the eastern Pacific storm-track terminus region. However, expansion coefficients for climatological uncertainties tend to be weakly correlated with those for end-of-century change.
On the Nature of Near-Inertial Oscillations in the Uppermost Part of the Ocean and a Possible Route toward HF Radar Probing of Stratification
Authors: Shrira Victor I. , Forget Philippe 
Published: August 2015

AbstractInertial band response of the upper ocean to changing wind is studied both theoretically and by analysis of observations in the northwestern Mediterranean. On the nontraditional f plane, because of the horizontal component of the earth’s rotation for waves of inertial band with frequencies slightly below the local inertial frequency f, there is a waveguide in the mixed layer confined from below by the pycnocline. It is argued that when the stratification is shallow these waves are most easily and strongly excited by varying winds as near-inertial oscillations (NIOs). These motions have been overlooked in previous studies because they are absent under the traditional approximation. The observations that employed buoys with thermistors, ADCPs, and two 16.3-MHz Wellen Radar (WERA) HF radars were carried out in the Gulf of Lion in April–June 2006. The observations support the theoretical picture: a pronounced inertial band response occurs only in the presence of shallow stratification and is confined to the mixed layer, and the NIO penetration below the stratified layer is weak. NIO surface magnitude and vertical localization are strongly affected by the presence of even weak density stratification in the upper 10 m. The NIO surface signatures are easily captured by HF radars. Continuous 1.8-yr HF observations near the Porquerolles Island confirm that shallow stratification is indeed the precondition for a strong NIO response. The response sensitivity to stratification provides a foundation for developing HF radar probing of stratification and, indirectly, vertical mixing, including spotting dramatic mixing events and spikes of vertical heat, mass, and momentum exchange.
The Evolution of the Goddard Profiling Algorithm to a Fully Parametric Scheme
Authors: Kummerow Christian D. , Randel David L. , Kulie Mark , Wang Nai-Yu , Ferraro Ralph , Joseph Munchak S. , Petkovic Veljko 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe Goddard profiling algorithm has evolved from a pseudoparametric algorithm used in the current TRMM operational product (GPROF 2010) to a fully parametric approach used operationally in the GPM era (GPROF 2014). The fully parametric approach uses a Bayesian inversion for all surface types. The algorithm thus abandons rainfall screening procedures and instead uses the full brightness temperature vector to obtain the most likely precipitation state. This paper offers a complete description of the GPROF 2010 and GPROF 2014 algorithms and assesses the sensitivity of the algorithm to assumptions related to channel uncertainty as well as ancillary data. Uncertainties in precipitation are generally less than 1%–2% for realistic assumptions in channel uncertainties. Consistency among different radiometers is extremely good over oceans. Consistency over land is also good if the diurnal cycle is accounted for by sampling GMI product only at the time of day that different sensors operate. While accounting for only a modest amount of the total precipitation, snow-covered surfaces exhibit differences of up to 25% between sensors traceable to the availability of high-frequency (166 and 183 GHz) channels. In general, comparisons against early versions of GPM’s Ku-band radar precipitation estimates are fairly consistent but absolute differences will be more carefully evaluated once GPROF 2014 is upgraded to use the full GPM-combined radar–radiometer product for its a priori database. The combined algorithm represents a physically constructed database that is consistent with both the GPM radars and the GMI observations, and thus it is the ideal basis for a Bayesian approach that can be extended to an arbitrary passive microwave sensor.
Effect of transmeridian travel and jetlag on mood disorders: Evidence and implications
Authors: Inder Maree L , Crowe Marie T , Porter Richard 
Published: August 2015

Objectives: Given the sensitivity of individuals with mood disorders to circadian disruption, transmeridian travel would likely be a high-risk endeavour leading to onset or relapses in mood. A systematic review was undertaken to identify the evidence of the impact of transmeridian travel on people with mood disorders. Methods: Databases search included the following: CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and manual searching using the keywords jetlag, transmeridian travel, circadian rhythm disruption, mood disorder, bipolar, major depression, seasonal affective disorder, depression, mania and hypomania. Results: Only three studies were identified that related to transmeridian travel and jetlag in people with mood disorders. There is some suggestion that transmeridian travel does appear to precipitate mood episodes with an increased rate of episodes of depression with westward compared with an increased rate of manic/hypomanic episodes with eastward travel. Individuals with a previous history of mood disorder appear to be more vulnerable if adherence to medication is compromised. Conclusion: Given the limited evidence that transmeridian travel precipitates mood episodes, this poses difficulties in identifying suitable ways to mitigate the effects of transmeridian travel in mood disorders. However, in the absence of mood-specific guidelines, some guidance can be given based on our current understanding of the relevance of circadian disruption to both jetlag and mood disorders. Further research is required to identify more focused strategies to mitigate the impact of transmeridian travel for individuals with mood disorders.
Teleconsultation for integrated palliative care at home: A qualitative study
Authors: van Gurp Jelle , van Selm Martine , van Leeuwen Evert , Vissers Kris , Hasselaar Jeroen 
Published: August 2015

Background: Interprofessional consultation contributes to symptom control for home-based palliative care patients and improves advance care planning. Distance and travel time, however, complicate the integration of primary care and specialist palliative care. Expert online audiovisual teleconsultations could be a method for integrating palliative care services. Aim: This study aims to describe (1) whether and how teleconsultation supports the integration of primary care, specialist palliative care, and patient perspectives and services and (2) how patients and (in)formal caregivers experience collaboration in a teleconsultation approach. Design: This work consists of a qualitative study that utilizes long-term direct observations and in-depth interviews. Setting/participants: A total of 18 home-based palliative care patients (16 with cancer, 2 with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; age range 24–85 years old), 12 hospital-based specialist palliative care team clinicians, and 17 primary care physicians. Results: Analysis showed that the introduction of specialist palliative care team-patient teleconsultation led to collaboration between primary care physicians and specialist palliative care team clinicians in all 18 cases. In 17/18 cases, interprofessional contact was restricted to backstage work after teleconsultation. In one deviant case, both the patient and the professionals were simultaneously connected through teleconsultation. Two themes characterized integrated palliative care at home as a consequence of teleconsultation: (1) professionals defining responsibility and (2) building interprofessional rapport. Conclusion: Specialist palliative care team teleconsultation with home-based patients leads to collaboration between primary care physicians and hospital-based palliative care specialists. Due to cultural reasons, most collaboration was of a multidisciplinary character, strongly relying on organized backstage work. Interdisciplinary teleconsultations with real-time contact between patient and both professionals were less common but stimulated patient-centered care dialogues.
The impact of a new public health approach to end-of-life care: A systematic review
Authors: Sallnow Libby , Richardson Heather , Murray Scott A , Kellehear Allan 
Published: August 2015

Background: Communities play an increasingly significant role in their own health and social care, and evidence demonstrates the positive impact of this work on a range of health outcomes. Interest is building regarding the application of the principles of the new public health approach to those facing the end of life and their families and communities. Aim: To review the evidence relating to the impact of a new public health approach to end-of-life care, specifically as this applies to efforts to strengthen community action. Design: A systematic review employing narrative synthesis. Both meta-ethnography and the use of descriptive statistics supported analysis. Data sources: Eight databases (AMED, ASSIA, BiblioMap, CINAHL, Cochrane Reviews, EMBASE, MEDLINE and PsycINFO) were searched from the earliest record to March 2015 using set eligibility criteria. Results: Eight articles were included in the analysis. Three main themes emerged from the meta-ethnography: making a practical difference, individual learning and personal growth and developing community capacity. The quantitative findings mapped to the meta-ethnography and demonstrated that engaging communities can lead to improved outcomes for carers such as decreased fatigue or isolation, increase in size of caring networks and that wider social networks can influence factors such as place of death and involvement of palliative care services. Conclusion: Evidence exists for the impact of community engagement in end-of-life care. Impact assessment should be an integral part of future initiatives and policy makers should recognise that these approaches can influence complex issues such as carer support, community capacity, wellbeing and social isolation.
Better sexual acceptability of agomelatine (25 and 50 mg) compared to escitalopram (20 mg) in healthy volunteers. A 9-week, placebo-controlled study using the PRSexDQ scale
Authors: Montejo Angel L , Deakin JFW , Gaillard Raphael , Harmer Catherine , Meyniel Florent , Jabourian Artin , Gabriel Cecilia , Gruget Celine , Klinge Corinna , MacFayden Christine , Milligan Holly , Mullings Emma , Goodwin Guy 
Published: August 2015

The present double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluates the effects of agomelatine and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor escitalopram on sexual dysfunction in healthy men and women. Methods: A total of 133 healthy volunteers (67 men, 66 women) were randomly assigned to agomelatine (25 or 50 mg) or escitalopram (20 mg) or placebo for nine weeks. Sexual acceptability was evaluated by using the psychotropic-related sexual dysfunction questionnaire 5-items total score and sexual dysfunction relative to each sub-score (in 110 volunteers with sexual activity). Sexual dysfunction was evaluated at baseline and after two, five and eight weeks of treatment and one week after drug discontinuation. Results: The psychotropic-related sexual dysfunction questionnaire 5-items total score was significantly lower in both agomelatine groups versus escitalopram at all visits ( p < 0.01 to p < 0.0001) with no difference between agomelatine and placebo nor between both agomelatine doses. Similar results were observed after drug discontinuation. The total score was significantly higher in the escitalopram group than in the placebo group at each post-baseline visit ( p < 0.01 to p < 0.001). Similar results were observed regardless of volunteers’ gender. Compared to placebo, only escitalopram significantly impaired dysfunction relative to “delayed orgasm or ejaculation” ( p < 0.01) and “absence of orgasm or ejaculation” ( p < 0.05 to p < 0.01). The percentage of participants with a sexual dysfunction was higher in the escitalopram group than in agomelatine groups ( p < 0.01 to p < 0.05) and placebo ( p < 0.01). Conclusion: The study confirms the better sexual acceptability profile of agomelatine (25 or 50 mg) in healthy men and women, compared to escitalopram. Trial registration name: Evaluation of the effect of agomelatine and escitalopram on emotions and motivation in healthy male and female volunteers. Trial registration number: ISRCTN75872983.
The Relationship of Obesity With the Severity of Psoriasis
Authors: Fleming Patrick , Kraft John , Gulliver Wayne P. , Lynde Charles 
Published: August 2015

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with obesity. The increased production of adipocytokines in central adiposity contributes to the systemic inflammation of obesity and perhaps to psoriasis. Objective: The objective of this systematic review is to determine the association of obesity with psoriasis severity. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Database for English-language papers involving human subjects for all years. We extracted data on age, sex, body mass index (BMI), proportion obese, and psoriasis severity index score (PASI). Results: We identified 254 articles in our search and included 9. The sample size was 134 823 psoriasis patients. Seven of the 9 studies found a statistically significant association of increased psoriasis severity with higher BMI. Conclusion: Increased severity of psoriasis appears to be associated with increased BMI. Most studies were cross-sectional or case-control, making it difficult to determine temporality. Dermatologists should consider recording BMI for psoriasis patients and offering them lifestyle counseling.