bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The open access landscape in Zimbabwe: the case of university libraries in ZULC
Authors: Kusekwa Lovemore , Mushowani Aston 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The paper aims to focus on the current state of open access (OA) initiatives in Zimbabwean universities. The paper specifically reports the initiatives at Zimbabwean universities regarding institutional repositories that promote OA and other digital OA collections.

Design/methodology/approach
– A qualitative research methodology was adopted. Questionnaires were used as the primary data collection method for this research. The research sought to address the following specific areas: the state of institutional repositories and open access in Zimbabwe, the discoverability of content, open access policies and mandates, the benefits of open access in Zimbabwe, and future plans for institutional OA. A total of eight out of 12 universities responded to the questionnaire. The data provided by the universities involved in the research were summarised to give a general picture of the open access landscape in Zimbabwe.

Findings
– The current initiatives in the universities involved in this survey indicate that most universities in Zimbabwe are going to have institutional repositories that promote open access to information. Most institutions in Zimbabwe are already working on putting open access policies in place in a bid to promote open access.

Originality/value
– The research will shed more light on the status quo of open access initiatives in Zimbabwe, particularly with regards to institutional repositories, open access policies and open access mandates.
Web 2.0 applications' usage and trends in top US academic libraries
Authors: Boateng Frank , Quan Liu Yan 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– This paper aims to explore Web 2.0 technologies usage and trends in the top 100 US academic libraries as exemplified through the academic library websites.Design/methodology/approach– The top 100 universities were selected from the US News & World Report's (USNWR) 2013 ranked list's top 100 of the best colleges in the USA. Content analysis was used in terms of quantitative approach. A checklist was developed as the main research instrument based on other checklists and questionnaires. Each of the selected university library websites was visited within a period of two weeks to explore implementation and usage of web tools, including SNS, blog, RSS, wikis, podcast/vodcast, and social bookmarking/tagging.Findings– All 100 academic libraries had a social media presence on Facebook and Twitter, making SNS the most widely applied Web 2.0 tool. The wiki was the least applied Web 2.0 technology, with a 34 percent participation rate. Blog was the second most popular tool with a 99 percent participation rate, followed by RSS and IM/Chat with 97 percent and 91 percent respectively. The vodcast and podcast had 47 percent and 46 percent participation rates respectively, while social bookmarking/tagging were also used by 39 percent of the academic libraries.Research limitations/implications– This study is completely based on publicly available data regarding usage of Web 2.0 applications. Web 2.0 tools used on library intranets were not analyzed for this study. Outcomes suggest that academic libraries are increasingly using Web 2.0 applications to promote themselves, enhance library services, and highlight resources to patrons.Originality/value– This is the first research that draws an overall picture of the usage and trends of Web 2.0 applications in the top 100 US academic libraries. This study demonstrates some noticeable patterns regarding usage, trends, and adoption which are relevant to how Web 2.0 applications are perceived and used within academic libraries. The study provides academic libraries with helpful information to better meet their user needs by effectively applying Web 2.0. Additionally, library managers, librarians and other libraries may also find this research beneficial as they plan to deploy Web 2.0.
Explaining undergraduates’ behavior intention of e-textbook adoption
Authors: Hsiao Chun-Hua , Tang Kai-Yu 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The current study aims to investigate college students' behavioral intentions to adopt e-textbooks for their studies according to well-known theoretical intention-based models.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper empirically assesses five theoretical models of technology acceptance, including the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the technology acceptance model (TAM), the decomposed TPB model (DTPB), the combined model of TAM and TPB (C-TAM-TPB), and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). The survey methodology and structural equation modeling (SEM) were employed to examine and compare these five models. Moreover, explanatory power, goodness-of-fit indices, and model parsimony were taken into consideration in the model comparisons.

Findings
– Both TPB and TAM provided less effective but adequate predictive behavioral power. However, TPB appeared to be more parsimonious than TAM and the other models. By focusing on specific beliefs of attitude, social and control influences, DTPB shares many of the same advantages as TPB and TAM, but is less parsimonious. Similarly, C-TAM-TPB, an augmented version of TAM that incorporates social influences and behavioral control, is superior to TPB and TAM in terms of its explanatory power of behavioral intention to use e-textbooks. Overall, however, the results indicated that UTAUT appeared to be the best model in terms of the metrics of parsimonious fit and explanatory power.

Originality/value
– Theoretical comparison of different models is important. This is believed to be the first study to present model comparisons by investigating undergraduates' intention to adopt e-textbooks as tools for their on-campus learning in Taiwan.
Targeting users in information provision – more than researchers, students and professionals
Authors: Fourie Ina , Fourie Herman 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– A previous contribution set the scenario for pursuing options to find a balance between information communication technology (ICT), information retrieval systems (IRS) such as databases, library catalogues, repositories, Google Scholar, digital libraries, portals, search engines and the users of these systems. This contribution seeks to pursue the issues by asking how information service providers can target their users. The emphasis is on making a difference, and to move beyond merely targeting researchers, postgraduate students and professionals such as doctors, chemists, and lawyers.

Design/methodology/approach
– The contribution will be written against the background of research from information behaviour, user studies and marketing.

Findings
– Information services and database producers mostly focus on postgraduate students, researchers and professionals. There is little support for undergraduate students and novices to a profession. Acknowledging preferences for Google and social media, more effort is required to gain the interest and loyalty of upcoming professionals – starting with undergraduate students.

Originality/value
– Although there are many publications on user studies and marketing in the library and information science literature, this contribution aims to draw on new ways of targeting users, and to note new potential user groups.
Turning the ship around
Authors: Shah Mahsood , Sid Nair Chenicheri 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The higher education sector in many countries is going through unprecedented changes. The changes are as a direct result of external and internal operating environments which are having a significant impact on universities. Externally, changing government policy; ongoing student growth and stakeholder demand for quality; and international developments in higher education are some of the many factors driving change in universities. Internally, change in leadership and renewed institutional strategy; and financial sustainability are some of the internal factors contributing to the changes within universities. The purpose of this paper is to outline the changing context of Australian higher education and argue the need for the renewed emphasis on strategy development and effective implementation in universities.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper analyses the recurring themes related to strategy development, implementation and reviews from the external quality audits of all Australian universities in cycle one audit and 29 universities who completed cycle two audit until 2011.

Findings
– The paper argues the need for universities to engage in careful strategy development and implementation which aligns with institutional resourcing and risk management. Failure to engage in careful strategy development and effective implementation may put universities at risk in the current higher education landscape characterised by changing government policy and the political landscape in Australia.

Originality/value
– The literature on the effectiveness of strategy development and implementation in universities is limited. This paper attempts to fill the current gap by arguing the need for institutions to engage in careful strategy development at a time when governments cannot be trusted in the funding of universities.
Molecular phylogeny of the higher taxa of Odonata (Insecta) inferred from COI, 16S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and EF1‐α sequences
Authors: Kim Min Jee , Jung Kwang Soo , Park Nam Sook , Wan Xinlong , Kim Ki‐Gyoung , Jun Jumin , Yoon Tae Joong , Bae Yeon Jae , Lee Sang Mong , Kim Iksoo 
Published: April 2014

AbstractIn this study, we sequenced both two mitochondrial genes (COI and 16S rRNA) and nuclear genes (28S rRNA and elongation factor‐1α) from 71 species of Odonata that represent 7 superfamilies in 3 suborders. Phylogenetic testing for each two concatenated gene sequences based on function (ribosomal vs protein‐coding genes) and origin (mitochondrial vs nuclear genes) proved limited resolution. Thus, four concatenated sequences were utilized to test the previous phylogenetic hypotheses of higher taxa of Odonata via Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) algorithms, along with the data partition by the BI method. As a result, three slightly different topologies were obtained, but the BI tree without partition was slightly better supported by the topological test. This topology supported the suborders Anisoptera and Zygoptera each being a monophyly, and the close relationship of Anisozygoptera to Anisoptera. All the families represented by multiple taxa in both Anisoptera and Zygoptera were consistently revealed to each be a monophyly with the highest nodal support. Unlike consistent and robust familial relationships in Zygoptera those of Anisoptera were partially unresolved, presenting the following relationships: ((((Libellulidae + Corduliidae) + Macromiidae) + Gomphidae + Aeshnidae) + Anisozygoptera) + (((Coenagrionidae + Platycnemdidae) + Calopterygidae) + Lestidae). The subfamily Sympetrinae, represented by three genera in the anisopteran family Libellulidae, was not monophyletic, dividing Crocothemis and Deielia in one group together with other subfamilies and Sympetrum in another independent group.
Gene expression of lactobacilli in murine forestomach biofilms
Authors: Schwab Clarissa , Tveit Alexander Tøsdal , Schleper Christa , Urich Tim 
Published: April 2014

SummaryLactobacilli populate the gastro‐intestinal tract of vertebrates, and are used in food fermentations and as probiotics. Lactobacilli are also major constituents of stable biofilms in the forestomach of rodents. In order to investigate the lifestyle of these biofilm lactobacilli in C57BL/6 mice, we applied metatranscriptomics to analyse gene expression (assessed by mRNA) and community composition (assessed by rRNA). Lactobacillales were the major biofilm inhabitants (62–82% of rRNA reads), followed by Clostridiales (8–31% of rRNA reads). To identify mRNA transcripts specific for the forestomach, we compared forestomach and hindgut metatranscriptomes. Gene expression of the biofilm microbiota was characterized by high abundance of transcripts related to glucose and maltose utilization, peptide degradation, and amino acid transport, indicating their major catabolic and anabolic pathways. The microbiota transcribed genes encoding pathways enhancing oxidative stress (glutathione synthesis) and acid tolerance. Various pathways, including metabolite formation (urea degradation, arginine pathway, γ‐aminobutyrate) and cell wall modification (DltA, cyclopropane‐fatty‐acyl‐phospholipid synthase), contributed to acid tolerance, as judged from the transcript profile. In addition, the biofilm microbiota expressed numerous genes encoding extracellular proteins involved in adhesion and/or biofilm formation (e.g. MucBP, glycosyl hydrolase families 68 and 70). This study shed light on the lifestyle and specific adaptations of lactobacilli in the murine forestomach that might also be relevant for lactobacilli biofilms in other vertebrates, including humans.
Study of endothelial dysfunction in patients of psoriatic arthritis by flow mediated and nitroglycerine mediated dilatation of brachial artery
Authors: Sharma Aman , Reddy Mallapu Hithesh , Sharma Kusum , Dogra Sunil , Vijayvergiya Rajesh 
Published: April 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo study endothelial dysfunction in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) without risk factors for cardiovascular disease.MethodsForty patients with PsA according to Classification Criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis (CASPAR) criteria and forty age‐ and sex‐matched controls were included. Patients with risk factors for cardiovascular disease were excluded. Endothelial function was assessed by measuring endothelial‐dependent flow‐mediated vasodilatation (FMD%) and endothelial‐independent nitroglycerin‐mediated dilatation (NMD%) in the brachial artery.ResultsThere was a significant impairment of FMD% in patients as compared to controls (mean 8.3% vs. 10.8%, P = 0.007), but there was no significant difference in NMD%.ConclusionsThere is presence of endothelial dysfunction in patients with PsA independent of risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
Polymorphisms in Inflammatory Genes are Associated with Term Small for Gestational Age and Preeclampsia
Authors: Harmon Quaker E. , Engel Stephanie M. , Wu Michael C. , Moran Thomas M. , Luo Jingchun , Stuebe Alison M. , Avery Christy L. , Olshan Andrew F. 
Published: April 2014

ProblemInflammatory biomarkers are associated with preeclampsia (PE) and poor fetal growth; however, genetic epidemiologic studies have been limited by reduced gene coverage and the exclusion of African American mothers.Method of studyCases and controls (N = 1646) from a pregnancy cohort were genotyped for 503 tagSNPs in 40 genes related to inflammation. Gene‐set analyses were stratified by race and were followed by a single SNP analysis within significant gene sets.ResultsGene‐level associations were found for IL6 and KLRD1 for term small for gestational age (SGA) among African Americans. LTA/TNF and TBX21 were associated with PE among European Americans. The strongest association was for PE among European Americans for an upstream regulator of TNF with RR = 1.8 (95% CI 1.1–2.7).ConclusionAlthough previous studies have suggested null associations, increased tagging and stratification by genetic ancestry suggests important associations between IL6 and term SGA for African Americans, and a TNF regulator and PE among European Americans (N = 149).
Outcomes in patients undergoing urgent colorectal surgery
Authors: Teloken Patrick Ely , Spilsbury Katrina , Levitt Michael , Makin Gregory , Salama Paul , Tan Patrick , Penter Cheryl , Platell Cameron 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBackgroundUrgent surgery for acute intestinal presentations is generally associated with worse outcomes than elective procedures. This study assessed the outcomes of patients undergoing urgent colorectal surgery.MethodsPatients were identified from a prospective database. Surgery was classified as urgent when performed as soon as possible after resuscitation and usually within 24 h. Outcome measures included 30 days mortality, return to theatre, anastomotic leak and overall survival.ResultsTwo hundred forty‐nine patients were included in the analysis. Median age was 65 years (interquartile range 48–74). The most common presentations were obstruction (52.2%) and perforation (23.6%). Cancer was the disease process responsible for presentation in 47.8% of patients. Thirty‐day mortality was 6.8%. Age (odds ratio 1.08 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–1.15; P = 0.01), American Society of Anesthesiologists 4 (odds ratio 7.14 95% CI 1.67–30.4; P = 0.008) and cancer (odds ratio 6.61 95% CI 1.53–28.45; P = 0.011) were independent predictors of 30 days mortality. Relaparotomy was required in six (2.4%) cases. A primary anastomosis was performed in 156 (62.6%) patients. Anastomotic leak occurred in four (2.5%) patients. In patients with cancer, overall 5‐year survival was 28% (95% CI 19–37), corresponding to 54% (95% CI 35–70) for stages I and II, 50% (95% CI 24–71) for stage III and 6% (95% CI 1–17) for stage IV disease. Urgent surgery was independently associated with worse overall survival (hazard ratio 2.65; 95% CI 1.76–3.99; P < 0.001).ConclusionIn patients undergoing an urgent resection within a colorectal unit, performing a primary anastomosis is feasible and safe in the majority, relaparotomies are required in a minority and urgent surgery is an important predictor of worse prognosis in those with colorectal cancer.
Levator recession with adjustable sutures for correction of upper eyelid retraction in thyroid eye disease
Authors: Ueland Hans Olav , Uchermann Aleksander , Rødahl Eyvind 
Published: April 2014

AbstractPurposeTo examine the outcome of levator muscle recession with adjustable sutures for correcting upper eyelid retraction in thyroid eye disease.MethodsAll patients treated at Haukeland University Hospital between 2001 and 2011 were invited to participate in a follow‐up examination. Preoperative measurements were obtained from medical records. The following parameters were recorded: eyelid aperture, the distance from limbus to eyelid margin, vertical motility of the eyelid in up‐ and downgaze, lagophthalmos, proptosis, vertical motility of the eye, and strabismus. Symmetry and eyelid contour were evaluated from photographs. Results were categorized as good, acceptable or unacceptable.ResultsSixty‐four out of a total of 80 patients attended the follow‐up examination. Six were excluded from further analysis due to relapse of their thyroid eye disease with increased inflammation. Among the 58 remaining patients, a good result was observed in 34 patients, an acceptable result in 19 and an unacceptable result in 5. Lagophthalmos was seen in 30% of the lids preoperatively and in 7% postoperatively. A second procedure was performed in 13/80 patients, in 6 because of under‐correction and in 7 because of ptosis. Wound infection occurred in 2 patients.ConclusionLevator recession with adjustable sutures can be used to correct any degree of retraction. Good results can be obtained, but the procedure is time‐consuming, and patients must be informed about the risk for reoperation.
Application of the BIOMED‐2 standardized primer system for the diagnosis of primary gastric B‐cell non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: Jia Cong‐Wei , Sun Jian , Gu Yu‐Mei , Zhang Ting‐Ting , Liu Ming‐Yang , Chen Jie , Lu Zhao‐Hui 
Published: April 2014

Primary gastric B‐cell non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (B‐NHL) has a similar morphocytological presentation to severe chronic gastritis, which complicates the pathological diagnosis of this disease. To investigate the practicality and utility of the BIOMED‐2 standardized primer system for the diagnosis of primary gastric B‐NHL from endoscopic biopsy specimens, we selected 65 cases of archived paraffin‐embedded primary gastric B‐NHL specimens as well as 27 cases of severe chronic gastritis samples to serve as a negative control group. The positivity rates of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene rearrangements detected by the BIOMED‐2 standardized primer system for the two groups were 86.4% and 12.0%, respectively, which are significantly different (p < 0.05). Importantly, the combined detection of the five groups of the IgH primer system increased the detection rate of B‐NHL. These findings indicate that the BIOMED‐2 standardized primer system is suitable for formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) specimens and is valuable as a secondary diagnostic tool for primary gastric B‐NHL as well as the differential diagnosis of severe chronic gastritis.
Tumor‐associated macrophages induce lymphangiogenesis in cervical cancer via interaction with tumor cells
Authors: Ding Hui , Cai Jing , Mao Min , Fang Yan , Huang Zaiju , Jia Jinghui , Li Tao , Xu Linjuan , Wang Junjie , Zhou Jun , Yang Qiang , Wang Zehua 
Published: April 2014

Our studies were conducted to investigate the clinical and functional significance of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) in cervical tumor lymphatic metastasis. We found that the increase in macrophages in tumor stroma is significantly associated with lymphatic metastasis (p = 0.017), through performing immunohistochemical staining in 111 cervical samples (55 invasive squamous carcinomas of uterine cervix, 27 cervical intraepithelial neoplasms III, and 29 normal cervix). The human lymphatic endothelial cells (HLEC), which were cultured in conditioned medium of cervical cancer cell‐macrophage coculture, formed more tube‐like structures in vitro, when compared with those in conditioned mediums of LEC, normal cervical epithelium, single macrophage, and single cervical cancer cell (all p < 0.001). The mRNA expressions of IL‐1β and IL‐8 in cervical cancer cells cocultured with macrophages were increased, compared with those in cervical cancer cell cultured alone (pIL‐1β < 0.05 and pIL‐8 < 0.01). Meanwhile, the mRNA expression of VEGF‐C and VEGF‐A was increased in macrophages cocultured with cervical cancer cells, compared with the expression in those macrophages cultured alone (both p < 0.05). Taken together, the results suggest that TAMs promote lymphangiogenesis mainly through interaction with surrounding cervical cancer cells.