bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing Vortex Winds in Radar-Observed Tornadic Mesocyclones for Nowcast Applications
Authors: Xu Qin , Wei Li , Nai Kang 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
A computationally efficient method is developed to analyze the vortex wind fields of radar-observed mesocyclones. The method has the following features. (i) The analysis is performed in a nested domain over the mesocyclone area on a selected tilt of radar low-elevation scan. (ii) The background error correlation function is formulated with a desired vortex-flow dependence in the cylindrical coordinates cocentered with the mesocyclone. (iii) The square root of the background error covariance matrix is derived analytically to precondition the cost function and thus enhance the computational efficiency. Using this method, the vortex wind analysis can be performed efficiently either in a stand-alone fashion or as an additional step of targeted finescale analysis in the existing radar wind analysis system developed for nowcast applications. The effectiveness and performance of the method are demonstrated by examples of analyzed wind fields for the tornadic mesocyclones observed by operational Doppler radars in Oklahoma on 24 May 2011 and 20 May 2013.
Strategic management in the public sector: a rational, political or collaborative approach?
Authors: Favoreu Christophe , Carassus David , Maurel Christophe 
Published: July 2015

Although experimented within public organisations for over 30 years, strategic planning and management still raise a number of questions and doubts as to their ability to improve public performance. The purpose of this article is to look into the strategy formulation processes in the public sector and the type of strategic approach that best matches the characteristics of this sector. It sets out to do so by first drawing up a theoretical analysis grid, based on the three main approaches to strategy in the public sector. This is followed by an exploratory case study that brings to light a complex strategic process that combines and alternates rational, collaborative and political decision-making logics, and a planned and incremental development. Points for practitioners This research highlights the need to combine different logics and approaches in the strategic control of public organisations: a rational logic, a political logic and a collaborative logic. It underlines, in particular, the importance for public managers to build skills in the development and management of inter-organisational networks and interpersonal relationships. The ability to create interactions between a variety of stakeholders, both internal and external, to mobilise and channel collective intelligence towards the definition and implementation of public projects and policies is a key component of the strategic management of public organisations.
Progressive Hearing Loss and Head Trauma in Enlarged Vestibular Aqueduct
Authors: Alemi A. Sean , Chan Dylan K. 
Published: July 2015

ObjectiveEnlarged vestibular aqueduct is the most common radiographically identified cause of congenital sensorineural hearing loss and is frequently progressive. Imaging is often ordered during the workup of children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss in part to identify enlarged vestibular aqueduct given concern for progression with head trauma. However, this association has not been systematically evaluated. We aimed to determine the rate of progression and association with head trauma in individuals with enlarged vestibular aqueduct.Data SourcesSystematic review of primary studies identified through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science.Review MethodsMeta‐analysis was performed on patient‐level data describing enlarged vestibular aqueduct, progressive sensorineural hearing loss, and head trauma extracted from articles identified on systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines.ResultsTwenty‐three studies (1115 ears with enlarged vestibular aqueduct) met inclusion criteria. Progressive sensorineural hearing loss was found in 39.6% of ears, with trauma‐associated progression in 12%. Limited case‐control data show no difference in the incidence of progression between patients with and without head trauma.ConclusionsLong‐term progressive sensorineural hearing loss is common in enlarged vestibular aqueduct, but its association with head trauma is not strongly supported.
Headache and peak oxygen uptake: The HUNT3 study
Authors: Hagen Knut , Wisløff Ulrik , Ellingsen Øyvind , Stovner Lars Jacob , Linde Mattias 
Published: July 2015

Background Evidence on the association between headache and physical fitness is conflicting. The aim of this population-based study was to examine the relationship between peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and headache, including migraine and tension-type headache (TTH). Methods In the third Nord-Trøndelag Health study (HUNT3), VO2peak was measured by ergospirometry in a sample of 4631 healthy adult participants. Of these, 3899 (54% women) also answered headache questions. The cross-sectional association between headache and VO2peak was evaluated by logistic regression using a categorical approach based on quintiles. Scores in the upper quintile were used as reference. Results Participants age 20–50 years had significant trends of increasing prevalence of any headache ( p < 0.001), migraine ( p < 0.001), TTH ( p = 0.002) and unclassified headache ( p = 0.027) with lower VO2peak. The highest prevalence odds ratios (ORs) were found in those with VO2peak in the lower quintile: For any headache the OR was 2.3 (95% confidence interval (1.6–3.3), for TTH 1.8 (1.2–2.8), for unclassified headache 1.9 (1.1–3.8), and for migraine 3.7 (2.1–6.6). Similar results were also found among those who reported physical activity levels in accordance with current recommendations of the American College of Sports Medicine but nevertheless had low VO2peak. Being in the lowest VO2peak quintile was also strongly associated with migraine aggravated by physical activity (OR 4.1, 2.1–8.1). No significant association was found between VO2peak and headache for those 50 years or older. Conclusions In this large cross-sectional study, an inverse relationship was found between VO2peak and headache for adults younger than 50 years of age.
A Single-Site Retrospective, Nonrandomized Study of Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation Brachytherapy for Early-Stage Breast Cancer Treatment to Evaluate Local Tumor Control, Cosmetic Outcome, and Toxicities
Authors: Shah Shalin , Holzwanger Erik , Khwaja Radhika , Fang Deborah , Figueroa-Bodine Jazmin , Iannuzzi Christopher , Shi Chengyu 
Published: July 2015

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the accelerated partial breast irradiation brachytherapy with a combination of applicators at a community hospital cancer center. Methods and Materials: Between 2005 and 2009, 120 patients with early-stage breast cancer were being followed after treatment with accelerated partial breast irradiation brachytherapy using MammoSite, single or multilumen balloon, or Contura multilumen balloon. After their lumpectomy surgery, each patient was treated with Ir-192 high-dose rate unit following radiation therapy oncology group 0413 guidelines. The patients had multiple follow-ups at 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, or more. Results: Based on the Harvard Breast Cosmesis Scale, 95.00% of patients described their cosmetic evaluation as the treated breast essentially the same as the opposite side (excellent) or minimal but identifiable effects were noticed from radiation (good). After a median follow-up of 36 months, the local recurrence rate was 1.66% and a disease-free survival is 98.3%. Forty-two patients reported 85 adverse events, which were fibrosis: 24.70%, hyperpigmentation: 20.00%, radiation skin reaction: 7.05%, seroma: 7.05%, breast pain: 7.05%, erythema: 5.88%, and other events were less than 5.00%. Of all the adverse events recorded, grade 1 to 3 events are 95.29% (n = 81), 2.35% (n = 2), and 2.35% (n = 2). There was no grade 4 or 5 events recorded. Conclusions: Our study has shown promising results for delivering radiation with MammoSite, single or multilumen balloon, or Contura multilumen balloon and has been successful in achieving local control in patients with early-stage breast cancer.
A reliable radiographic measurement for evaluation of normal distal tibiofibular syndesmosis: a multi‐detector computed tomography study in adults
Authors: Chen Yanxi , Qiang Minfei , Zhang Kun , Li Haobo , Dai Hao 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackgroundSyndesmotic injury may be difficult to diagnose, and radiological evaluation is very important. The purpose of this study was to offer a series of reliable and repeatable normal tibiofibular syndesmosis parameters in diagnosing injuries of the syndesmosis.MethodsMulti‐detector computed tomography (MDCT) and radiographs of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis in 484 cases were retrospectively reviewed. Relevant parameters included the tibiofibular clear space (TCS), the tibiofibular overlap (TFO), the depth of the incisura fibularis (IFD), and the height of the incisura fibularis (IFH), which were measured by novel three‐dimensional (3‐D) and two‐dimensional (2‐D) techniques. The distance between the measuring plane of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis and the tibial plafond was measured. Intra‐ and inter‐rater reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the root mean square standard deviation (RMS‐SD), to determine measurement precision. Sex differences of parameters were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with body height as the covariate. Paired sample t‐testing was used to compare parameters in different image modalities, including radiography, and 2‐D and 3‐D CT.ResultsThe reliability of the 3‐D images measurement (ICC range, 0.907 to 0.972) was greater than that for the 2‐D axial images (ICC range, 0.895 to 0.927), and the AP view radiographs (ICC range, 0.742 to 0.838). The intra‐rater RMS‐SD of the 3‐D CT, 2‐D CT and radiographic measurements were less than 0.94 mm, 0.26 mm, and 2.87 mm, respectively. The measuring plane of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis showed the sex difference, which was 12.1 mm proximal to the tibial plafond in the male group and 7.8 mm in the female group. In this plane, the parameters for tibiofibular syndesmosis were measured in different image modalities. All variables were significantly different between females and males (p < 0.05).Conclusions3‐D measurement technique could be helpful to identify the precise measurement planes for syndesmosis, which were not at the fixed level above the tibial plafond because of the sex difference. In this plane, reliable measurement results could be provided, in either 2‐D or 3‐D MDCT images.
Synthesis and evaluation in rats of homologous series of [18F]-labeled dopamine D2/3 receptor agonists based on the 2-aminomethylchroman scaffold as potential PET tracers
Authors: Shalgunov Vladimir , van Wieringen Jan-Peter , Janssen Henk M. , Fransen P. Michel , Dierckx Rudi A.J.O. , Michel Martin C. , Booij Jan , Elsinga Philip H. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackgroundAgonist positron emission tomography (PET) tracers for dopamine D2/3receptors (D2/3Rs) offer greater sensitivity to changes in endogenous dopamine levels than D2/3R antagonist tracers. D2/3R agonist tracers currently available for clinical research are labeled with the short-lived isotope carbon-11, which limits their use. We aimed to develop high-affinity D2R agonists amenable for labeling with the longer-living fluorine-18. Here, we report the evaluation as potential PET tracers of two homologous series of [18F]fluorinated tracers based on the 2-aminomethylchroman-7-ol (AMC) scaffold: (R)-2-((4-(2-fluoroalkoxy)benzylamino)methyl)chroman-7-ols (AMC13 homologues) and (R)-2-((2-(4-(4-(fluoroalkoxy)phenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethylamino)methyl)chroman-7-ols (AMC15 homologues). We varied the length of the18F-fluoroalkyl chain in these structures to balance brain penetration and non-specific binding of the radioligands by adjusting their lipophilicity.MethodsThe tracers were evaluated in brain slices of Sprague-Dawley rats by in vitro autoradiography and in living rats by microPET imaging and ex vivo autoradiography. PET data were analyzed with one- and two-tissue compartmental models (1TCM/2TCM), simplified reference tissue model (SRTM), and Logan graphical analysis. Specificity of binding was tested by blocking D2/3R with raclopride.ResultsHomologues with a shorter fluoroalkyl chain consistently showed greater D2/3R-specific-to-total binding ratios in the striatum than those with longer chains. The fluoroethoxy homologue of AMC13 ([18F]FEt-AMC13) demonstrated the highest degree of D2/3R-specific binding among the evaluated tracers: mean striatum-to-cerebellum uptake ratio reached 4.4 in vitro and 2.1/2.8 in vivo/ex vivo (PET/autoradiography). Striatal binding potential (BPND) relative to cerebellum was 0.51–0.63 depending on the estimation method. Radiometabolites of [18F]FEt-AMC13 did not enter the brain. In vitro, application of 10 μmol/L raclopride reduced D2/3R-specific binding of [18F]FEt-AMC13 in the striatum by 81 %. In vivo, pre-treatment with 1 mg/kg (2.9 μmol/kg) raclopride led to 17–39 % decrease in D2/3R-specific binding in the striatum.ConclusionsVarying the length of the [18F]fluoroalkyl chain helped improve the characteristics of the original candidate tracers. Further modifications of the current lead [18F]FEt-AMC13 can provide an agonist radiopharmaceutical suitable for D2/3R imaging by PET.
On iterative computation of fixed points and optimization
Authors: Argyros Ioannis K , Cho Yeol Je , Hilout Saïd 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this paper, a semi-local convergence analysis of the Gauss-Newton method for convex composite optimization is presented using the concept of quasi-regularity in order to approximate fixed points in optimization. Our convergence analysis is presented first under theL-average Lipschitz and then under generalized convex majorant conditions. The results extend the applicability of the Gauss-Newton method under the same computational cost as in earlier studies such as Li and Ng (SIAM J. Optim. 18:613-642, 2007), Moldovan and Pellegrini (J. Optim. Theory Appl. 142:147-163, 2009), Moldovan and Pellegrini (J. Optim. Theory Appl. 142:165-183, 2009), Wang (Math. Comput. 68:169-186, 1999) and Wang (IMA J. Numer. Anal. 20:123-134, 2000).
Split common fixed point problem for two quasi-pseudo-contractive operators and its algorithm construction
Authors: Yao Yonghong , Liou Yeong-Cheng , Yao Jen-Chih 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe split common fixed point problem for two quasi-pseudo-contractive operators is studied. Some properties for quasi-pseudo-contractive operators are presented. An iterative algorithm for solving the split common fixed point problem for two quasi-pseudo-contractive operators is constructed. Strong convergence theorems are proved. A unified framework for the study of this class problem and class of operators is provided.
Fast computation of eikonal and transport equations on graphics processing units computer architectures
Authors: Noack Marcus , Gillberg Tor 
Published: July 2015

Eikonal models have been widely used for traveltime computations in the field of seismic imaging, but they are often criticized for having low accuracy and poor resolution of the output image. Including amplitude information can provide higher model resolution and accuracy of the images. We have developed a new approach for computing eikonal traveltimes and amplitudes, and we implemented it for multicore computer processing unit and graphics processing unit computer architectures. Traveltimes and amplitudes are computed simultaneously in iterations of the 3D velocity model. This is achieved by extending a fast sweeping method by computing amplitudes directly after the traveltimes with upwind numerical difference schemes. By performing the extra computations simultaneously with the traveltimes, the additional cost for the amplitude and raypaths is low. We tested our method on synthetic 3D data sets to compute traveltimes, amplitudes, and raypaths, from which the Helmholtz Green’s function was assembled. Using a grid of [Formula: see text] nodes, the computations were performed in less than 1 s. The proposed method could work as a feasible alternative to full waveform modeling in seismic applications, which suffers from demanding computations because it requires several order of magnitudes shorter computing times.
Physical exercise for late-life major depression
Authors: Murri M. Belvederi , Amore M. , Menchetti M. , Toni G. , Neviani F. , Cerri M. , Rocchi M. B. L. , Zocchi D. , Bagnoli L. , Tam E. , Buffa A. , Ferrara S. , Neri M. , Alexopoulos G. S. , Zanetidou S. 
Published: July 2015

BackgroundInterventions including physical exercise may help improve the outcomes of late-life major depression, but few studies are available.AimsTo investigate whether augmenting sertraline therapy with physical exercise leads to better outcomes of late-life major depression.MethodPrimary care patients (>65 years) with major depression were randomised to 24 weeks of higher-intensity, progressive aerobic exercise plus sertraline (S+PAE), lower-intensity, non-progressive exercise plus sertraline (S+NPE) and sertraline alone. The primary outcome was remission (a score of $10 on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression).ResultsA total of 121 patients were included. At study end, 45% of participants in the sertraline group, 73% of those in the S+NPE group and 81% of those in the S+PAE group achieved remission (P= 0.001). A shorter time to remission was observed in the S+PAE group than in the sertraline-only group.ConclusionsPhysical exercise may be a safe and effective augmentation to antidepressant therapy in late-life major depression.
Ethnic inequalities in the use of secondary and tertiary mental
health services among patients with obsessive–compulsive
disorder
Authors: de la Cruz Lorena Fernández , Llorens Marta , Jassi Amita , Krebs Georgina , Vidal-Ribas Pablo , Radua Joaquim , Hatch Stephani L. , Bhugra Dinesh , Heyman Isobel , Clark Bruce , Mataix-Cols David 
Published: July 2015

BackgroundObsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) has similar prevalence rates across
ethnic groups. However, ethnic minorities are underrepresented in
clinical trials of OCD. It is unclear whether this is also the case in
clinical services.AimsTo explore whether ethnic minorities with OCD are underrepresented in
secondary and tertiary mental health services in the South London and
Maudsley (SLaM) NHS Foundation Trust.MethodThe ethnic distribution of patients with OCD seen between 1999 and 2013
in SLaM (n = 1528) was compared with that of the general
population in the catchment area using census data. A cohort of patients
with depression (n = 22 716) was used for comparative
purposes.ResultsEthnic minorities with OCD were severely underrepresented across services
(–57%, 95% CI –62% to –52%). The magnitude of the observed inequalities
was significantly more pronounced than in depression (–29%, 95% CI–31%
to–27%).ConclusionsThere is a clear need to understand the reasons behind such ethnic
inequalities and implement measures to reduce them.
Aquaporins and Fetal Membranes From Diabetic Parturient Women: Expression Abnormalities and Regulation by Insulin
Authors: Bouvier Damien , Rouzaire Marion , Marceau Geoffroy , Prat Cécile , Pereira Bruno , Lemarié Romain , Deruelle Philippe , Fajardy Isabelle , Gallot Denis , Blanchon Loïc , Vambergue Anne , Sapin Vincent 
Published: July 2015

Context:
During pregnancy, aquaporins (AQPs) expressed in fetal membranes are essential for controlling the homeostasis of the amniotic volume, but their regulation by insulin was never explored in diabetic women.

Objective:
The aim of our study was to investigate the involvement of AQPs 1, 3, 8, and 9 expressed in fetal membranes in diabetic parturient women and the control of their expression by insulin.

Design and Participants:
From 129 fetal membranes in four populations (controls, type 1, type 2 [T2D], and gestational diabetes [GD]), we established an expression AQP profile. In a second step, the amnion was used to study the control of the expression and functions of AQPs 3 and 9 by insulin.

Main Outcomes and Measures:
The expression of transcripts and proteins of AQPs was studied by quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA. We analyzed the regulation by insulin of the expression of AQPs 3 and 9 in the amnion. A tritiated glycerol test enabled us to measure the impact of insulin on the functional characteristics. Using an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, we analyzed the insulin intracellular signaling pathway.

Results:
The expression of AQP3 protein was significantly weaker in groups T2D and GD. In nondiabetic fetal membranes, we showed for the amnion (but not for the chorion) a significant repression by insulin of the transcriptional expression of AQPs 3 and 9, which was blocked by a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor.

Conclusion:
In fetal membranes, the repression of AQP3 protein expression and functions observed in vivo is allowed by the hyperinsulinism described in pregnant women with T2D or GD.
High IPCE Performance of Photosensitized Dyes Having Trifluoromethylacrylic Acid as an Acceptor-anchor Moiety
Authors: Iwata Satoru , Oshio Shouta , Kobayashi Shintaro , Aoyama Misa , Tanaka Kiyoshi 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Novel photosensitized dyes having trifluoromethylacrylic acid as an acceptor-anchor moiety (MCL26–29) are synthesized. These dyes seem to suppress the back-donation currents from the conduction band of TiO2 semiconductor to the electrolyte. Their fabricated dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) show high IPCE performances (MCL27; over 80% between 400–520 nm, max 90% at 465 nm). In particular, the high IPCE properties are compared with more than 80 article examples.
Electrochemical Study and Quantum Chemical Calculation of Norbornene-based Quinone in Acetonitrile
Authors: Li Xue , Zhao Yang , Pan Jianxin , Li Hongpeng , Feng Lei , Wang Shubo , Xie Xiaofeng , Huang Haiyan 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Cyclic voltammetry and rotation disk electrode studies of norbornene-based quinone (NB-quinone) were carried out in acetonitrile. The peak-to-peak separation is 73 mV, and diffusion coefficient was obtained to be 3.53 × 10−5 cm2 s−1. Quantum chemical calculations based on density functional theory have been performed on the NB-quinone. The Fukui (+) function of NB-quinone shows clearly that the carbon and oxygen atoms at the C=O bonds most easily obtain electrons, with the value of 0.091 and 0.145, much higher than other atoms in the molecule. The calculated potential of the reaction is 0.677 V, identical with the experimental value.
Photo- and pH-responsive Electrospun Polymer Films: Wettability and Protein Adsorption Characteristics
Authors: Wang Guojie , Han Guoxiang , Wen Yongqiang , Zheng Yudong 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
A photo- and pH-responsive electrospun polymer film composed of a carboxy-azobenzene polymer (PAZO) and polystyrene (PS) has been fabricated. The wettability can be switched in response to pH variation and UV light irradiation. The controlled adsorption of protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA), on the electrospun films can be achieved under UV light irradiation.