bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three‐dimensional finite element modelling of coupled free/porous flows: applications to industrial and environmental flows
Authors: Hanspal N.S. , Nassehi V. , Kulkarni A. 
Published: August 2012

SUMMARYConjunctive modelling of free/porous flows provides a powerful and cost‐effective tool for designing industrial filters used in the process industry and also for quantifying surface–subsurface flow interactions, which play a significant role in urban flooding mechanisms resulting from sea‐level rise and climate changes. A number of well‐established schemes are available in the literature for simulation of such regimes; however, three‐dimensional (3D) modelling of such flow systems still presents numerical and practical challenges. This paper presents the development of a fully 3D, transient finite element model for the prediction and quantitative analyses of the hydrodynamic behaviour encountered in industrial filtrations and environmental flows represented by coupled flows. The weak‐variational formulation in this model is based on the use of C0 continuous equal‐order Lagrange polynomial functions for velocity and pressure fields represented by 3D hexahedral finite elements. A mixed UVWP finite element scheme based on the standard Galerkin technique satisfying the Ladyzhenskaya–Babuska–Brezzi stability criterion through incorporation of an artificial compressibility term in the continuity equation has been employed for the solution of coupled partial differential equations. We prove that the discretization generates unified stabilization for both the Navier–Stokes and Darcy equations and preserves the geometrical flexibility of the computational grids. A direct node‐linking procedure involving the rearrangement of the global stiffness matrix for the interface elements has been developed by the authors, which is utilized to couple the governing equations in a single model. A variety of numerical tests are conducted, indicating that the model is capable of yielding theoretically expected and accurate results for free, porous and coupled free/porous problems encountered in industrial and environmental engineering problems representing complex filtration (dead‐end and cross‐flow) and interacting surface–subsurface flows. The model is computationally cost‐effective, robust, reliable and easily implementable for practical design of filtration equipments, investigation of land use for water resource availability and assessment of the impacts of climatic variations on environmental catastrophes (i.e. coastal and urban floods). The model developed in this work results from the extension of a multi‐disciplinary project (AEROFIL) primarily sponsored by the European aerospace industries for development of a computer simulation package (Aircraft Cartridge Filter Analysis Modelling Program), which was successfully utilized and deployed for designing hydraulic dead‐end filters used in Airbus A380.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lack of association between cancer history and PARKIN genotype: A family based study in PARKIN/Parkinson's Families
Authors: Alcalay Roy N. , Clark Lorraine N. , Marder Karen S. , Bradley W. Edward C. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA number of publications have attributed a tumor suppressive (TS) function to PARKIN, a gene associated with recessive familial early onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD). Discoveries of PARKIN deletions and point mutations in tumors, functional studies, and data from mouse models have been presented to support the hypothesis. We have asked whether PARKIN mutations are associated with history of cancer in humans. We interviewed 431 participants who were screened for PARKIN mutations, including 149 EOPD cases and their family members, who were unaware of mutation status. We found no significant difference in self‐reported history of cancer among carriers of one or two PARKIN mutations and noncarriers, odds ratio 0.75 (95% confidence interval 0.27–1.83). In particular, no increase in cancer history was seen among homozygous and compound heterozygous mutation carriers compared to noncarriers. Therefore, we hypothesize that published studies attributing TS capability to PARKIN merit further exploration and we present a reevaluation of these data with respect to patterns of mutation frequencies in normal and cancer cells. We conclude that although Parkin may exert a suppressive effect in mice, further studies are required prior to assigning a TS function to PARKIN in humans. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The impact of intra‐operative sufentanil dosing on post‐operative pain, hyperalgesia and morphine consumption after cardiac surgery
Authors: Fechner J. , Ihmsen H. , Schüttler J. , Jeleazcov C. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundThere is an ongoing debate whether opioids when used for intra‐operative analgesia may enhance post‐operative pain. We studied the effect of two different intra‐operative dosings of sufentanil on post‐operative morphine consumption, pain and hyperalgesia after cardiac anaesthesia.MethodsForty‐two male patients (age: 48–74 years) undergoing first‐time coronary artery bypass graft surgery were randomized to one of two groups receiving total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol and a target controlled infusion of sufentanil with a target of 0.4 ng/mL (group SL, n = 20) or 0.8 ng/mL (group SH, n = 22) plasma concentration. Post‐operative morphine requirement in the first 48 h was assessed using patient‐controlled analgesia (PCA). Pain rating during deep inspiration, and the extent of primary and secondary hyperalgesia near the sternotomy wound were assessed.ResultsThe post‐operative morphine requirements in the first 48 h were 0.68 ± 0.21 mg/kg in group SL and 0.96 ± 0.44 mg/kg in group SH (p < 0.05). In group SL, pain during deep inspiration was significantly lower on the first post‐operative day (p < 0.05). Primary hyperalgesia had its maximum on the second and third post‐operative day, without a difference between the two groups. The extent of secondary mechanical pinprick hyperalgesia was not different between the groups.DiscussionIntra‐operative dosing of sufentanil significantly influenced post‐operative morphine consumption, pain and hyperalgesia. For cardiac anaesthesia in combination with propofol, a sufentanil target concentration of 0.4 ng/mL may be preferable.
Characterization of fast and slow diffusion from diffusion‐weighted MRI of pediatric Crohn's disease
Authors: Freiman Moti , Perez‐Rossello Jeannette M. , Callahan Michael J. , Bittman Mark , Mulkern Robert V. , Bousvaros Athos , Warfield Simon K. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose:To characterize fast and slow diffusion components in diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW‐MRI) of pediatric Crohn's disease (CD). Overall diffusivity reduction as measured by the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in patients with CD has been previously demonstrated. However, the ADC reduction may be due to changes in either fast or slow diffusion components. In this study we distinguished between the fast and slow diffusion components in the DW‐MRI signal decay of pediatric CD.Materials and Methods:We acquired MRI from 24 patients, including MR enterography (MRE) and DW‐MRI with 8 b‐values (0–800 s/mm2). We characterized fast and slow diffusivity by intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) model parameters (f, D*, D), and overall diffusivity by ADC values. We determined which model best described the DW‐MRI signal decay. We assessed the influence of the IVIM model parameters on the ADC. We evaluated differences in model parameter values between the enhancing and nonenhancing groups.Results:The IVIM model described the observed data significantly better than the ADC model (P = 0.0088). The ADC was correlated with f (r = 0.67, P = 0.0003), but not with D (r = 0.39, P = 0.062) and D* (r = −0.39, P = 0.057). f values were significantly lower (P < 0.003) and D* values were significantly higher (P = 0.03) in the enhancing segments, while D values were not significantly different between the groups (P = 0.14).Conclusion:For this study population the IVIM model provides a better description of the DW‐MRI signal decay than the ADC model. The reduced ADC is related to changes in the fast diffusion rather than to changes in the slow diffusion. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;37:156–163. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Glacimarine lithofacies, provenance and depositional processes on a West Greenland trough‐mouth fan
Authors: Ó Cofaigh C. , Andrews J. T. , Jennings A. E. , Dowdeswell J. A. , Hogan K. A. , Kilfeather A. A. , Sheldon C. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAlong the West Greenland continental margin adjoining Baffin Bay, bathymetric data show a series of large submarine fans located at the mouths of cross‐shelf troughs. One of these fans, termed here ‘Uummannaq Fan’, is a trough‐mouth fan built largely by debris delivered from a fast‐flowing outlet of the Greenland Ice Sheet during past glacial maxima. Cores from this fan provide the first information on glacimarine sedimentary facies within a major West Greenland trough‐mouth fan and on the nature of Late Weichselian–Holocene glacigenic sediment delivery to this region of the Baffin Bay margin. Glacigenic debris flows deposited on the upper slope and extending to at least 1800 m water depth in front of the trough‐mouth are related to the remobilization of subglacial debris that was delivered onto the upper slope at times when an ice stream was positioned at the shelf edge. In contrast, sedimentary facies from the northern sector of the fan are characterized by hemipelagic and ice‐rafted sediments and turbidites; glacigenic debris flows are notably absent in cores from this region. Quantitative X‐ray diffraction studies of the <2‐mm sediment fraction indicate that the bulk of the sediment in the fan is derived from Uummannaq Trough but there are distinct intervals when sediment from northern Baffin Bay sources dominates, especially on the northern limit of the fan. These data demonstrate considerable variation in the nature of sediment delivery across the Uummannaq Fan when the Greenland Ice Sheet was at the shelf edge. They highlight the variability of glacimarine depositional processes operating on trough‐mouth fans on high‐latitude continental margins during the last glacial maximum and indicate that glacigenic debris flows are just one of a number of mechanisms by which such large depocentres form. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Immunotherapy with dendritic cells in an animal model of early pulmonary metastatic squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Moon Jeong Hwan , Chung Man Ki , Son Young‐Ik 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Distant metastases is becoming a more frequently recognized pattern of treatment failure in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). In this study, we evaluated the effect of a dendritic cell (DC)‐based vaccine in an early pulmonary metastatic murine model with the aim of providing an effective treatment for SCCHN patients presenting with occult pulmonary metastasis.Study Design:In vivo animal experiments were conducted in C3H/He immunocompetent mice using the SCCVII syngeneic squamous carcinoma cell line.Methods:SCCVII cells were injected through the tail vein to establish early pulmonary metastases. Bone marrow‐derived DCs were cultured and educated with ultraviolet B–irradiated apoptotic SCCVII cells before adoptive transfer into the inguinal area. Control groups were vaccinated with normal saline, naïve DCs, or apoptotic tumor cells.Results:In the apoptotic SCCVII‐pulsed DC group, the number of pulmonary tumor nodules was reduced, extirpated lung weight was less, and survival was longer than in control groups. Differences were statistically significant (P < .0001). Specific antitumor immunity was established only in the pulsed DC group, which was confirmed by an interferon‐γ enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.Conclusions:In an early pulmonary metastatic SCC murine model, systemic antitumor responses can be elicited by adoptive transfers of DCs, which were primed with apoptotic tumor cells. We hope this study will help improve overall survival of patients with SCCHN, especially when they have early or occult pulmonary metastasis. Laryngoscope, 2012
Increased risk of getting sudden sensorineural hearing loss in patients with chronic kidney disease: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Lin Charlene , Hsu Hsin‐Te , Lin Yung‐Song , Weng Shih‐Feng 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To examine the risk of getting Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSHL) among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).Study Design:A retrospective cohort study.Methods:Population‐based representative insurance claims data were used to examine the risk of getting SSHL among patients with chronic kidney disease. Data extracted from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database yielded 37,421 patients with newly diagnosed renal insufficiency and 37,421 subjects without renal insufficiency from between 2000 and 2004.Results:The incidence of SSHL at the end of 2009 was determined. The incidence of SSHL was 1.57 times higher in the CKD‐carrying group compared to the incidence in the non‐CKD group (10.24 vs. 6.52 per 10,000 person‐years), with adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 1.46 (95% CI = 1.194–1.787) using Cox proportional hazard regressions. Age was an independent risk factor of getting SSHL, with adjusted HRs of 2.01, 3.178, and 2.285 for age ranges of 35 ≈ 49, 50 ≈ 64 and ≥ 65 compared with age range of 0 ≈ 35. Diabetes Mellitus was another independent risk factor with HR of 1.31 (95% CI = 1.003–1.711).Conclusions:Present results suggested a significant association between CKD and increased risk of getting SSHL. Comorbidity of diabetes in patients with CKD appeared to be associated with increased risk of getting SSHL, especially for the patients who are 35 years of age and older. Laryngoscope, 2013
Design and Characterization of a Bicomponent Melt‐Spun Fiber Optimized for Artificial Turf Applications
Authors: Hufenus Rudolf , Affolter Christian , Camenzind Martin , Reifler Felix A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractArtificial turf is robust, playable in all weathers and has a long service life. Polyamide (PA) flooring has excellent resilience but provokes abrasion injuries (friction burn); polyethylene (PE) monofilaments are skin‐friendly but tend to permanent deformation. To maximize resilience while minimizing the risk of skin abrasion, PA‐PE bicomponent fibers are developed. Numeric simulation is applied to find optimized fiber cross‐sections and material combinations, accompanied by melt‐spinning of respective filaments and validation of the model. The resulting artificial grass resembles natural turf with respect to playability and appearance and does not need any granular infill.magnified image
Dynamics of Water Near Oxidized Polystyrene Films
Authors: Muntean Stela Andrea , Gerasimov Roman A. , Lyulin Alexey V. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAtomistic MD simulations of water in the vicinity of oxidized amorphous atactic polystyrene are presented. The changes in the orientational and translational dynamics of water near polymer surfaces with different hydrophilicity are studied. Two main orientational relaxation processes of water molecules are distinguished: a process on a fs timescale, associated with the ballistic motion of water molecules, and a process on a ps timescale, associated with the self‐diffusion of water. The fast process is not affected by the presence of the polymeric surface. The second relaxation process differs at the interface from that in the bulk in that the dynamics of water molecules is more heterogeneous in the first. The effect of the representation of polystyrene films on the water dynamics is discussed. magnified image
Optically controlled UWB emission in TX/RX system
Authors: Guldner N. , Tripon‐Canseliet C. , Faci S. , Alquié G. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractMeasurement results of an ultrawideband emission system with an external optical command are presented.Thanks to photoconductivity effect, an electrical impulse signal is optically generated by integrated components realized on low temperature GaAs and GaAs substrates. The electrical pulses width at half maximum obtained with these materials under pulses illumination at a 780 nm wavelength are, respectively, 14 and 140 ps. These short pulses lead to a very large spectrum. Two broadband antennas have been realized to select energy in the desired frequency band. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2541–2543, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27103
Novel wide‐stopband bandpass filter with good frequency selectivity based on composite right/left handed transmission line
Authors: Pan Tao , Song Kaijun , Fan Yong 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA novel wide‐stopband bandpass filter (BPF) with quasi‐elliptic response based on composite right/left handed transmission line (CRLH‐TL) is presented in this letter. Two compact CRLH‐TL resonators are utilized in the proposed wide‐stopband BPF. A magnetic cross coupling between the input and output ports is also used, which can generate three additional transmission zeros near the passband. Then, the frequency selectivity of the bandpass filter is greatly improved. The equivalent circuit method is used to analyze the mechanism of the magnetic coupling. A wide‐stopband BPF operating at 2.42 GHz is designed, simulated, and fabricated to demonstrate the performance of the proposed filter structure. The measured results show good agreement with the simulated ones. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2494–2497, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27104
In‐axis reception by polarization discrimination in a modulating‐retroreflector‐based free‐space optical communication link
Authors: Carrasco‐Casado Alberto , Vergaz Ricardo , Sánchez‐Pena José M. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA new optical configuration is proposed for ground stations designed to receive information from modulating‐retroreflector‐based terminals in a free‐space optical communication link. This configuration is based on the polarization discrimination of the ground station laser sent to the remote terminal. It achieves the optimal usage of the laser power, which is a key parameter in modulating‐retroreflector‐based links. A simulation has been made in order to model the system in terms of power losses and states of polarization and an experimental setup has been implemented to verify the validity of the simulation. A gain of over 6 dB has been measured using the new setup compared with a simple trajectory discrimination setup, achieving a very good agreement with the prediction. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2520–2522, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27116
A W‐band waveguide fabricated using selective laser melting
Authors: Caekenberghe Koen Van , Bleys Philip , Craeghs Tom , Pelk Marco , Bael Simon Van 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe use of the selective laser melting (SLM) rapid manufacturing technique for the fabrication of waveguide components is evaluated.The device under test (DUT) is a 50 mm long UG‐387 flanged WR‐10 waveguide. It is made of the Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy, which has a resistivity of 0.000178 Ω cm. The measured insertion loss of the DUT is 30.4 dB/m at 94 GHz. The insertion loss is in part due to the root mean square (RMS) surface roughness, which is 1.71 to 2.08 μm on the outside, after abrasive blasting and chemical polishing. The DUT is benchmarked against a 50 mm long Agilent W11644A WR‐10 standard thru section. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2572–2575, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27121
Fast and accurate model of equilateral triangular patch antennas with and without suspended substrates
Authors: Biswas Manatosh , Dam M. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA set of closed‐form expressions based on cavity model and equivalent resonant circuits are proposed to compute accurately the resonant frequency, input impedance, bandwidth, and gain of an equilateral triangular patch antenna (ETMPA) with and without suspended substrates. The computed values for wide range of antenna parameters and feed locations of an ETMPA without suspended substrates are compared with different experimental and theoretical values available in open literature. The present model shows very close agreement with experiments. The experimental and theoretical values of input impedance, bandwidth, and gain of an ETMPA on suspended substrate are not available. So, we have employed a commercial simulator (HFSS) to validate the present model with suspended substrate. The present model is very fast, simple, and more close to the experiments compared to other theoretical models and full wave analysis. This model is very useful for designing the MIC on semiconductor materials with εr ≥ 10. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2663–2668, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27129
A novel elliptic microstrip FED antenna with double band notched characteristic for UWB application
Authors: Ghobadi Rad A. , Qotolo Sajjad Faraji , Naser‐Moghadasi Mohammad , Kabirsalmani A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA compact ultrawideband microstrip‐fed monopole antenna with two band notch property is presented.The antenna consists of a truncated elliptic patch with half wave arc slot and two parasitic bent elements in both side of the radiating patch. It is designed with half elliptic ground plane in the back of the radiating patch. The antenna provides an enhanced impedance matching characteristic over the desired frequency band, with variable dimensions which are used to generate the frequency band stop performance in wireless local area network and the worldwide interoperability for microwave access frequency bands. The antenna is designed and measured successfully. The measured results show that this antenna operates over the frequency band between 2.2 and 11.5 GHz for S11 < 10 dB, while showing the band rejection performances in the frequencies band of 3.2–3.8 GHz and 5.2–5.8 GHz. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2659–2662, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27130
Multidimensionally encoded magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Lin Fa‐Hsuan 
Published: August 2012

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) typically achieves spatial encoding by measuring the projection of a q‐dimensional object over q‐dimensional spatial bases created by linear spatial encoding magnetic fields (SEMs). Recently, imaging strategies using nonlinear SEMs have demonstrated potential advantages for reconstructing images with higher spatiotemporal resolution and reducing peripheral nerve stimulation. In practice, nonlinear SEMs and linear SEMs can be used jointly to further improve the image reconstruction performance. Here, we propose the multidimensionally encoded (MDE) MRI to map a q‐dimensional object onto a p‐dimensional encoding space where p > q. MDE MRI is a theoretical framework linking imaging strategies using linear and nonlinear SEMs. Using a system of eight surface SEM coils with an eight‐channel radiofrequency coil array, we demonstrate the five‐dimensional MDE MRI for a two‐dimensional object as a further generalization of PatLoc imaging and O‐space imaging. We also present a method of optimizing spatial bases in MDE MRI. Results show that MDE MRI with a higher dimensional encoding space can reconstruct images more efficiently and with a smaller reconstruction error when the k‐space sampling distribution and the number of samples are controlled. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.