bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavioral activation system moderates self-referent processing following recovery from depression
Authors: Kircanski K. , Mazur H. , Gotlib I. H. 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundPrevious research has implicated the behavioral activation system (BAS) in depression. The relationship of BAS functioning to aspects of cognitive vulnerability to depression, however, is not known.MethodThe present study investigated associations among level of BAS functioning and the encoding and recall of positive and negative self-referent information in currently non-depressed participants with a history of recurrent major depression (recovered; RMD) and in never-depressed control participants (CTL). Participants completed self-report measures of levels of BAS and behavioral inhibition system (BIS) functioning. Following a negative mood induction, participants were presented with a series of positive and negative adjectives; they indicated which words described them and later recalled as many of the words as they were able.ResultsThe relationship of BAS functioning to self-referent processing was dependent on participant group. Although lower BAS reward responsivity was associated with the endorsement and recall of fewer positive words across groups, the magnitude of these associations was stronger, and was only significant, within the RMD group. Furthermore, only for RMD participants was lower BAS reward responsivity associated with the endorsement of more negative words. These effects were not accounted for by depressive or anxiety symptoms, current mood, or level of BIS functioning.ConclusionsThese results indicate that BAS functioning may be distinctively linked to negatively biased self-referent processing, one facet of cognitive vulnerability to depression, in individuals with a history of major depressive disorder. Enhancing BAS functioning may be important in buffering cognitive vulnerability to depression.
The Fragmented Welfare State: Explaining Local Variations in Services for Older People
Authors: JENSEN PER H. , LOLLE HENRIK 
Published: January 2013

AbstractMuch research focusing on the welfare state is based on the assumption that welfare regimes are homogenous entities. This idea is supported by studies analysing cash benefits. In the area of welfare services, however, local governments in most countries have some autonomy regarding policy formation as well as the design and implementation of policies. In practice, substantial local differences exist with regard to the provision of welfare services, which in turn challenge our conception of nation-wide homogenous welfare state regimes. This paper examines the factors causing marked differences in local government spending in the provision of care for older people in Denmark. The conclusion is that the wealth of the municipality, local demographics and privatisation can explain about 48 per cent of the differences in local government spending. Political factors such as the ‘colour’ of local government have no explanatory power, while a high percentage of women in municipal councils appears to have a slightly negative effect on spending.
Management of Antarctic Specially Protected Areas: permitting, visitation and information exchange practices
Authors: Pertierra L.R. , Hughes K.A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAntarctic Specially Protected Areas (ASPAs) represent the highest level of area protection within the Antarctic Treaty area. To reduce environmental impacts, ASPA visitors must comply with the Area's management plan and receive an entry permit from an appropriate national authority. Parties to the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty are obliged to exchange information on: i) the number of permits allocated for the forthcoming season, and ii) the number of visits to ASPAs during the previous season. We assessed the effectiveness of current permitting and information exchange practices by examining ASPA visitation data supplied to the Antarctic Treaty System's Electronic Information Exchange System during 2008/09–2010/11. We found that Parties have interpreted and implemented the protected area legislation inconsistently. Furthermore, some Parties did not fulfil their obligations under the Protocol by failing to provide full information on ASPA visitation. Estimations suggested that the level of ASPA visitation varied with ASPA location and the main value being protected. However, without full disclosure by Parties, ASPA visitation data is of limited use for informing general and ASPA-specific environmental management practices. Improved provision and formal interpretation of ASPA visitation data are recommended to enable more co-ordinated and effective management of activities within ASPAs.
Lessons Learned from the Aeromedical Disaster Relief Activities Following the Great East Japan Earthquake
Authors: Matsumoto Hisashi , Motomura Tomokazu , Hara Yoshiaki , Masuda Yukiko , Mashiko Kunihiro , Yokota Hiroyuki , Koido Yuichi 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIntroductionSince 2001, a Japanese national project has developed a helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) system (“doctor-helicopter”) and a central Disaster Medical Assistance Team (DMAT) composed of mobile and trained medical teams for rapid deployment during the response phase of a disaster.ProblemIn Japan, the DMAT Research Group has focused on command and control of doctor-helicopters in future disasters. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of such planning, as well as the problems encountered in deploying the doctor-helicopter fleet with DMAT members following the March 11, 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake.MethodsThis study was undertaken to examine the effectiveness of aeromedical disaster relief activities following the Great East Japan Earthquake and to evaluate the assembly and operations of 15 doctor-helicopter teams dispatched for patient evacuation with medical support.ResultsFifteen DMATs from across Japan were deployed from March 11th through March 13th to work out of two doctor-helicopter base hospitals. The dispatch center at each base hospital directed its own doctor-helicopter fleet under the command of DMAT headquarters to transport seriously injured or ill patients out of hospitals located in the disaster area. Disaster Medical Assistance Teams transported 149 patients using the doctor-helicopters during the first five days after the earthquake. The experiences and problems encountered point to the need for DMATs to maintain direct control over 1) communication between DMAT headquarters and dispatch centers; 2) information management concerning patient transportation; and 3) operation of the doctor-helicopter fleet during relief activities. As there is no rule of prioritization for doctor-helicopters to refuel ahead of other rotorcraft, many doctor-helicopters had to wait in line to refuel.ConclusionThe “doctor-helicopter fleet” concept was vital to Japan's disaster medical assistance and rescue activities. The smooth and immediate dispatch of the doctor-helicopter fleet must occur under the direct control of the DMAT, independent from local government authority. Such a command and control system for dispatching the doctor-helicopter fleet is strongly recommended, and collaboration with local government authorities concerning refueling priority should be addressed.MatsumotoH,MotomuraT,HaraY,MasudaY,MashikoK,YokotaH,KoidoY.Lessons learned from the aeromedical disaster relief activities during the Great East Japan Earthquake.Prehosp Disaster Med.2013;28(2):1-4.
THE MARXIAN WAGE THEORY AGAINST THE “ABSOLUTE IMMIZERATION” DOCTRINE
Authors: BARONIAN LAURENT 
Published: January 2013

This paper provides a refutation of the “absolute immizeration” doctrine that S. Hollander attributes to Marx, by emphasizing the Marxian original categories and laws of capitalist production in order to base Marx’s opposition to this doctrine on his more profound opposition to Classics about the law of supply and demand for labor.The paper proceeds as follows: first, it is shown that the Marxian subsistence wage does not exclude population growth. Second, the analysis of surplus population will reveal how it is not only a condition of the business cycle, but also one of its immediate results. In this sense, the so-called theory of dual labor force, which Hollander uses to discard the role of surplus population in the decreasing real-wage trend, proves a misunderstanding of the origin and nature of the industrial reserve army.From the labor demand side, on the other hand, the endogeneity of technical progress precludes any “ongoing process” of increasing organic composition of capital. Finally, it will appear that categories of labor power, wages defined as the value of labor power, or laws such as decreasing necessary labor and increasing surplus labor, allow Marx to develop a law of supply and demand for labor partly unrelated to the number of workers and the evolution of population growth, which necessarily rules out any birth-rate control policy.
Food and nutrition insecurity: a marker of vulnerability to asthma symptoms
Authors: Ribeiro-Silva Rita de Cássia , Oliveira-Assis Ana Marlúcia , Junqueira Samuel Badaró , Fiaccone Rosemeire Leovigildo , dos Santos Sandra Maria Chaves , Barreto Maurício Lima , de Jesus Pinto Elizabete , da Silva Luce Alves , Rodrigues Laura Cunha , Alcantara-Neves Neuza Maria 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the association between food and nutrition insecurity and asthma in children from Latin America.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingSão Francisco do Conde, Bahia, north-eastern Brazil.SubjectsThe study included 1307 children aged 6–12 years from public elementary schools. Asthma symptoms were collected using a questionnaire that was translated and adapted from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood, phase III. The diagnosis of asthma was determined based on reports of wheezing in the previous 12 months. The Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale was used to identify food insecurity. We also obtained demographic, socio-economic and anthropometric information for each participant. We used multivariate logistic regression analyses to assess the associations of interest.ResultsOf the children surveyed, 10·4 % had a history of wheezing and 64·5 % had some degree of food and nutrition insecurity. We found a positive dose–response relationship and statistically significant associations of asthma with moderate (OR = 1·71, 95 % CI 1·01, 2·89) and severe (OR = 2·51, 95 % CI 1·28, 4·93) food and nutrition insecurity.ConclusionsThe results show that moderate and severe food and nutrition insecurity are markers of vulnerability to wheezing. It is important to note that the results of studies in this field have potential implications for social policies that promote food security. Further studies to identify the mechanisms involved in the relationship between food and nutrition insecurity and asthma are needed.
An Emerging Female Readership of Print in Sixteenth-Century France? Pierre de Changy's Translation of the
De institutione feminae Christianae
by Juan Luis Vives
Authors: Bromilow Pollie 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

This article explores the role of adaptive translations into the vernacular, title pages, prefatory material, format, and representations of reading as indicators of an emerging female readership of print in sixteenth-century France. The example of the
Institution de la femme chrestienne
demonstrates the role of translation in broadening the readership of an established humanist conduct book by Juan Luis Vives to include women who, according to the translator Pierre de Changy, often lacked the knowledge of Latin to read the work in its original language. Changy highlights the new and wider appeal of the text beyond court circles by dedicating the translation to his daughter Marguerite and emphasizing its suitability for her female friends and relatives. Spaces of reading are strongly gendered: whereas male readers and owners might keep their books in a
librairie
or
cabinet
, reading by women is characterized by its lack of physical location. Women's need for portable books is also reflected in the small formats in which the
Institution de la femme chrestienne
was printed. A key text in the reception of Vives in the sixteenth century, this translation anticipated the emerging demand for vernacular print from women outside the nobility and the convent.
Relationship between gastrointestinal tolerance and exopolysaccharide production of propionibacteria strains under different pH and bile conditions
Authors: Darilmaz Derya Onal 
Published: January 2013

In this study, we report the effects of exposure to simulated gastric and intestinal juices on the survival of six strains of dairy propionibacteria. Gastrointestinal tolerance of propionibacteria strains was highly variable, depending on the strain and pH (P < 0.05). Exopolysaccharides (EPS) production of six propionibacteria strains under different pH conditions and bile concentrations was also studied. A positive correlation was obtained between the EPS production quantity of the strains and tolerance to simulated gastric juices at pH 2.0, 3.0 (P < 0.05). This investigation showed that high EPS production may be important in the selection of probiotic strains for resistance to upper gastrointestinal system conditions.
Adoption of Multiple Sustainable Agricultural Practices in Rural Ethiopia
Authors: Teklewold Hailemariam , Kassie Menale , Shiferaw Bekele 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe adoption and diffusion of sustainable agricultural practices (SAPs) has become an important issue in the development‐policy agenda for sub‐Saharan Africa, especially as a way to tackle land degradation, low agricultural productivity and poverty. However, the adoption rates of SAPs remain below expected levels. This study analyses the factors that facilitate or impede the probability and level of adoption of interrelated SAPs, using recent data from multiple plot‐level observations in rural Ethiopia. Multivariate and ordered probit models are applied to the modelling of adoption decisions by farm households facing multiple SAPs, which can be adopted in various combinations. The results show that there is a significant correlation between SAPs, suggesting that adoptions of SAPs are interrelated. The analysis further shows that both the probability and the extent of adoption of SAPs are influenced by many factors: a household’s trust in government support, credit constraints, spouse education, rainfall and plot‐level disturbances, household wealth, social capital and networks, labour availability, plot and market access. These results imply that policy‐makers and development practitioners should seek to strengthen local institutions and service providers, maintain or increase household asset bases and establish and strengthen social protection schemes in order to improve the adoption of SAPs.
Confocal laser endomicroscopy for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer in vivo
Authors: Liu Chao , Li Chang Qing , Zuo Xiu Li , Ji Rui , Xie Xiang Jun , Yang Yun Sheng , Li Yan Qing 
Published: January 2013

ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) for the in vivo diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) compared with conventional histology.MethodsConsecutive patients who had undergone CLE examination for screening or surveillance colonoscopy were recruited. Suspected malignant lesions and adjacent mucosal sites were first examined by confocal imaging and then biopsied specimens of these sites were obtained. The confocal images were independently interpreted by two endoscopists. The diagnosis made with CLE was compared with the conventional histological diagnosis in a prospective and blinded fashion.ResultsIn total, 71 patients with suspected malignant lesions were included in the study. A total of 74 lesions and 92 adjacent mucosal sites were observed. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CLE in diagnosing CRC were 97.1%, 99.0% and 98.2% for endoscopist A, and 98.6%, 96.9% and 97.6% for endoscopist B, respectively. The interobserver agreement between the two endoscopists was excellent (κ = 0.950). The accuracy of diagnosing poorly differentiated CRC using CLE was 97.0% for endoscopist A and 95.6% for endoscopist B.ConclusionCLE has the potential to enable an immediate diagnosis of CRC and the degree of differentiation of CRC during ongoing endoscopy in vivo.
Integrative modelling of pH‐dependent enzyme activity and transcriptomic regulation of the acetone–butanol–ethanol fermentation of Clostridium acetobutylicum in continuous culture
Authors: Millat Thomas , Janssen Holger , Bahl Hubert , Fischer Ralf‐Jörg , Wolkenhauer Olaf 
Published: January 2013

SummaryIn a continuous culture under phosphate limitation the metabolism of Clostridium acetobutylicum depends on the external pH level. By comparing seven steady‐state conditions between pH 5.7 and pH 4.5 we show that the switch from acidogenesis to solventogenesis occurs between pH 5.3 and pH 5.0 with an intermediate state at pH 5.1. Here, an integrative study is presented investigating how a changing external pH level affects the clostridial acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) fermentation pathway. This is of particular interest as the biotechnological production of n‐butanol as biofuel has recently returned into the focus of industrial applications. One prerequisite is the furthering of the knowledge of the factors determining the solvent production and their integrative regulations. We have mathematically analysed the influence of pH‐dependent specific enzyme activities of branch points of the metabolism on the product formation. This kinetic regulation was compared with transcriptomic regulation regarding gene transcription and the proteomic profile. Furthermore, both regulatory mechanisms were combined yielding a detailed projection of their individual and joint effects on the product formation. The resulting model represents an important platform for future developments of industrial butanol production based on C. acetobutylicum.
Bacterial, archaeal and viral‐like rhodopsins from the Red Sea
Authors: Philosof Alon , Béjà Oded 
Published: January 2013

SummaryThe Gulf of Aqaba, extending north to the Red Sea, is an oligotrophic basin with typical open ocean gyre characteristics. Here we report on the existence of diverse microbial rhodopsins in the Gulf of Aqaba, based on 454‐pyrosequencing‐generated metagenome and metatranscriptome data sets, obtained from the microbial fraction smaller than 1.6 μm. Bacterial SAR11, SAR86 and archaeal proteorhodopsins as well as viral‐like rhodopsins were detected on the DNA level. On the RNA level, only SAR11 and SAR86 proteorhodopsin transcripts were detected. Our results add to the growing evidence that microbial rhodopsins are a diverse, abundant and widespread protein family.
From ecological pessimism to conservation chance: reviving living dead in changing landscapes
Authors: Soga M. , Yamaura Y. , Koike S. 
Published: January 2013

Read the Feature Paper: Mapping the potential extinction debt of butterflies in a modern city: implications for conservation priorities in urban landscapesCommentaries on this Feature Paper: Extinction debt at different spatial scales; Setting conservation priorities when what you see is not what you get
The Ventriculophasic Response: Relationship to Sinus Arrhythmia and the Duration of Interposed QRS Complexes
Authors: Dadu Razvan T. , McPherson Craig A. 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundThe ventriculophasic response (VR) refers to shortening of sinus cycle length during heart block when a QRS complex is interposed between 2 P waves. Our purpose was to analyze its relationship to respiratory sinus arrhythmia (SA) and to compare VR in relation to paced versus intrinsic QRS complexes.MethodsPatients with advanced heart block had their pacer devices temporarily programmed to ventricular inhibited mode at 30 ppm. In 35 subjects, we analyzed VR and SA before, during and after 3 cycles of deep breathing. In 16 other patients we compared VR in the presence of paced versus narrower intrinsic QRS complexes.ResultsThe magnitude of P‐P interval shortening surrounding QRS complexes during inspiration correlated with SA (r = 0.36, P = 0.03). The prevalence of VR increased from 37% at baseline to 77% of subjects during deep breathing (P = 0.02). The mean P–P interval shortening was greater surrounding intrinsic QRS complexes than paced QRS complexes (3.6 ± 3.6% vs. 1.4 ± 1.1%, P = 0.02). The prevalence of VR increased from 25% during paced rhythm to 56% when intrinsic complexes were present.ConclusionVR, like SA, increases with deep breathing and likely reflects intact parasympathetic nervous system function. Its increase in the presence of narrower beats suggests it may reflect ventricular synchrony.
Mucopolysaccharidosis type III (Sanfilippo syndrome) and misdiagnosis of idiopathic developmental delay, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder or autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Wijburg Frits A , Węgrzyn Grzegorz , Burton Barbara K , Tylki‐Szymańska Anna 
Published: January 2013

AbstractMucopolysaccharidosis III is a rare genetic disease characterized by progressive cognitive decline and severe hyperactivity that does not respond to stimulants. Somatic features are relatively mild. Patients are often initially misdiagnosed as having idiopathic developmental delay, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and/or autism spectrum disorders, putting them at risk for unnecessary testing and treatments.ConclusionChildren with developmental or speech delay, especially those with a characteristic somatic feature or behavioural abnormalities, should be screened for MPS III.
Coparenting Among Lesbian, Gay, and Heterosexual Couples: Associations With Adopted Children's Outcomes
Authors: Farr Rachel H. , Patterson Charlotte J. 
Published: January 2013

Coparenting is associated with child behavior in families with heterosexual parents, but less is known about coparenting among lesbian‐ and gay‐parent families. Associations were studied among self‐reported divisions of labor, coparenting observations, and child adjustment (Mage = 3 years) among 104 adoptive families headed by lesbian, gay, or heterosexual couples. Lesbian and gay couples reported sharing child care, whereas heterosexual couples reported specialization (i.e., mothers did more child care than fathers). Observations confirmed this pattern—lesbian and gay parents participated more equally than heterosexual parents during family interaction. Lesbian couples showed the most supportive and least undermining behavior, whereas gay couples showed the least supportive behavior, and heterosexual couples the most undermining behavior. Overall, supportive coparenting was associated with better child adjustment.