bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volatile constituents, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity of Calamintha glandulosa (Req.) Bentham
Authors: Ćavar Sanja , Vidic Danijela , Maksimović Milka 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDCalamintha glandulosa (Req.) Bentham is an aromatic perennial plant belonging to the family Lamiaceae, mostly found on rocky pastures, dry meadows, and abandoned places of the Mediterranean area. Plants belonging to this genus are known as highly aromatic and to possess significant antimicrobial and antifungal properties. The aim of this study was to provide clear picture of the volatiles of this plant species, and, for the first time, to present C. glandulosa from Croatia in terms of its antioxidant activity.RESULTSThe essential oil and headspace obtained from odorous parts of C. glandulosa were subjected to capillary gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. More than 50 volatile compounds were identified in six samples obtained using different extraction techniques. The most abundant components in all the samples examined were oxygenated monoterpenes, with piperitone (19.9–59.5%) and piperitenone (7.1–42.6%) as the main representatives. The total phenolic content of extracts obtained by successive Soxhlet extraction was measured, and the scavenging potency of the samples, indicated as IC50 values, were examined using four different spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric methods. In all cases the essential oil showed the lowest antioxidant activity, while the aqueous extract showed the highest. This can be explained by the levels of the phenolic compounds in the samples examined.CONCLUSIONSA clear picture of aroma profile of C. glandulosa is presented, and the results obtained differ from those published previously. The high antioxidant potential of C. glandulosa from Croatia was established for the first time. Results from the present study suggest further analysis on this plant species in order to define its medicinal properties. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
A lycopene‐enriched virgin olive oil enhances antioxidant status in humans
Authors: Garrido María , González‐Flores David , Marchena Ana M , Prior Estrella , García‐Parra Jesús , Barriga Carmen , Rodríguez Moratinos Ana B 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundLycopene, a bioactive red pigment, represents the most potent in vitro antioxidant among carotenoids. Virgin olive oil contains trace amounts of a wide variety of phytochemicals, which have proven to exert beneficial effects on oxidative stress. Since the ingestion of lycopene together with oil reportedly increases its bioavailability, we evaluated urinary antioxidant capacity after the consumption of a lycopene‐enriched virgin olive oil (7 mg lycopene day−1) compared with the antioxidant effect produced after the ingestion of a virgin olive oil and a sunflower oil during 5 days, in young (25–30 years of age), middle‐aged (35–55 years of age) and elderly (65–85 years of age) subjects.ResultsThe results showed that the consumption of virgin olive oil increased urinary antioxidant capacity in middle‐aged and elderly volunteers, whereas the administration of a lycopene‐enriched virgin olive oil produced higher antioxidant effects in all of the three age groups assayed.ConclusionThe incorporation of the lycopene‐enriched virgin olive oil into the diet may enhance the health‐promoting effects of the virgin olive oil, contributing as a functional tool against several disorders where oxidative stress plays an important role.© 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparation of Photoactive Polymers and Postmodification via Nitroxide Trapping Under UV Irradiation
Authors: Mardyukov Artur , Studer Armido 
Published: October 2012

AbstractNew types of photoactive homo and block copolymers bearing α−hydroxyalkylphenylketone (2‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐1‐phenylpropan‐1‐one) moieties as backbone substituents are prepared using nitroxide‐mediated radical polymerization (NMP). Such polymers can be readily activated via the Norrish‐type I photoreaction to give polymeric acyl radicals. Photolysis in the presence of a persistent nitroxide, which serves as a C‐ radical trapping reagent, leads to chemically modified polymers conjugated with nitroxide moieties. The number‐average molecular weight (Mn) of the prepolymers and the chemically modified polymers was determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Structures were further confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and by attenuated total reflection (ATR) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
Advantages of Surface‐Initiated ATRP (SI‐ATRP) for the Functionalization of Electrospun Materials
Authors: Gualandi Chiara , Vo Cong Duan , Focarete Maria Letizia , Scandola Mariastella , Pollicino Antonino , Di Silvestro Giuseppe , Tirelli Nicola 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSurface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI‐ATRP) is successfully applied to electrospun constructs of poly(L‐lactide). ATRP macroinitiators are adsorbed through polyelectrolyte complexation following the introduction of negative charges on the polyester surface through its blending with a six‐armed carboxy‐terminated oligolactide. SI‐ATRP of glycerol monomethacrylate (GMMA) or 2‐(N,N‐diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DEAEMA) allows then to grow surface films with controllable thickness, and in this way also to control the wetting and interactions of the construct.
Combining next‐generation sequencing with microarray for transcriptome analysis in rainbow trout gonads
Authors: Hayashi Makoto , Sato Mana , Iwasaki Yoshiko , Terasawa Madoka , Tashiro Masami , Yokoyama Shyuji , Katayama Naoto , Sadaie Sakiko , Miwa Misako , Yoshizaki Goro 
Published: October 2012

AbstractMicroarray technology is a powerful tool for studying genome‐wide gene expression. As the genome of many fish has not yet been determined, however, cDNA microarrays can only be designed from limited expressed sequence tag data. In this study, we designed a microarray based on the sequencing data (337,466 reads) obtained by next‐generation sequencing of RNA extracted from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) embryonic genital ridge, testis, and ovary. These data (307,264 reads) were assembled into 28,668 contigs; 3,298 reads could not be assembled and 26,904 reads were unique sequences that did not cluster with other reads. Based on this information, 55,928 microarray probes were designed for a microarray, which was validated by hybridization experiments with RNA extracted from type A spermatogonia (A‐SG) and testicular somatic cells. Expression of known spermatogonial markers was confirmed to be higher in A‐SG than in testicular somatic cells whereas supporting‐cell markers were expressed at higher levels in testicular somatic cells. This microarray analysis revealed that 8,068 transcripts showed at least fourfold higher signal in A‐SG than testicular somatic cells. Fourteen of 17 randomly selected transcripts were expressed at significantly higher‐levels in A‐SG than somatic cells, by quantitative RT‐PCR. In addition, three transcripts analyzed with in situ hybridization showed A‐SG‐specific signals in immature trout testis, with one of them exhibiting a heterogeneous expression pattern in A‐SG. The rainbow trout gonad microarray developed in this study therefore appears to be a useful tool to understand gametogenesis in rainbow trout. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 79: 870–878, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Listen to your dorsal mesentery: Asymmetric gut rotation is driven by the dorsal mesentery and Pitx2
Authors: Kurpios Natasza A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe generation of organ asymmetries is a fundamental aspect of embryonic development. Most organs develop with a characteristic left‐right (L‐R) asymmetry that is critical to normal function and to coordinated organ development. The small intestine is a simple, tubular structure that undergoes a highly conserved, counter‐clockwise rotation that is initiated by expression of the early L‐R symmetry‐breaking transcription factor Pitx2. Gross expression reveals surprising symmetry from the dorsal perspective of a chicken embryo (whole‐mount in situ). Yet closer examination of areas where symmetry will be first broken shows the bias. For example, Pitx2 is expressed on the left side of the dorsal mesentery (background, color‐inverted image of an in situ hybridization; white indicates more intense expression) and is necessary and sufficient to produce the leftward tilt. Although Pitx2 is a master regulator of L‐R organ development, there are currently no targets of Pitx2 known that are relevant to asymmetric morphogenesis.
DNA‐Modification of Eukaryotic Cells
Authors: Vogel Katrin , Glettenberg Maximilian , Schroeder Hendrik , Niemeyer Christof M. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA novel bioorthogonal method for the modification of cells with single‐stranded DNA oligomers is compared to five alternative methods with respect to labeling efficacy, specificity, and effects on cell viability. The new method is based on oxime ligation of aminooxybiotin to aldehyde groups installed by periodate cleavage of cell‐surface glycans, followed by the coupling of preformed DNA–streptavidin conjugates. As compared with two literature‐reported methods based on direct coupling of N‐hydroxysuccinimidyl (NHS)–DNA or NHS–biotinylation as well as with techniques based on strain‐promoted alkyne‐azide cycloaddition, this method shows the highest labeling densities and is sufficiently mild to avoid cell damage. Functionality of the DNA tags is demonstrated by DNA‐directed immobilization on solid substrates and assembly of small cell aggregates.
Re-Framing Environmental Social Science Research for Sustainable Water Management in a Changing Climate
Authors: Pearce Rebecca , Dessai Suraje , Barr Stewart 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis paper considers aspects of environmental social science research in the UK and explores an obvious bias towards the development of instruments to manage demand as an adaptation to climate change, and consequently the predominance of interest in the customer from a demand-side perspective. In the case of water, this has resulted in an inappropriate mixing of individualist research methods designed to measure public perceptions of risk and water-based practices, with mass consumption data that cannot be specifically linked to the individual. This mixing has a tendency to reinforce a long-standing blame culture that drives interest in the development of behaviour change initiatives while the relatively unchallenged hydraulic mission to provide safe drinking water and sanitation progresses. With this in mind this paper reviews examples of water use research from California, Australia, and the UK and highlights the more effective routes to understanding water customers and developing behaviour change initiatives that utilise stages of change models and grounded techniques incorporating qualitative and quantitative data from individual sources. A secondary aim is to argue for re-framing the relations between various actors in a changing climate to allow the development of new policy approaches, learning, and openness, from industry, regulators, and customers, based on new theories from the field.
Tectonostratigraphic and Geochronologic Reappraisal Constraining the Growth and Evolution of Singhbhum Archaean Craton, Eastern India
Authors: Roy A. B. , Bhattacharya H. N. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Reappraisal of field relationships between the different lithological ensembles supported by available geochronological data, and taking due note of the tectono-metamorphic, magmatic and sedimentation history helped to build up a coherent crustal evolutionary history of the Singhbhum Archaean craton, eastern India. The evolution of the earliest sialic crust, as the isotope ages suggest, was around 3700 Ma or even earlier. Deposition of the oldest, dominantly metasedimentary supracrustals, the Older Metamorphic Group (OMG), was initiated at around 3380 Ma, i.e. after a gap of about 320 million years. The closing of OMG basins synchronously with the emplacement of a granitoid phase was at ca.3285 Ma. No other fabric-forming ductile deformation and metamorphism associated with the development of foliation and mineral lineation is known in the rocks of the Singhbhum Archaean craton subsequent to this event. Formation of the succeeding geological ensembles including the deposition of BIF-bearing Iron Ore Group (IOG) and the emplacement of the post-IOG granitoids at ca.3100 Ma can be described as ‘non-orogenic’ event taking place during the phase of tectonic quiescence. Supracrustals like the Dhanjori and Simlipal mafic volcanics with intercalated beds of arenite evolved later during the phase of Plume outburst at around 2800 Ma. The end-Archaean intrusion of Newer Dolerite dykes in conjugate sets and the deposition of Kolhan Group in an N-S oriented basin during an E-W stress system mark the culmination of the Archaean crust-building activity in the Singhbhum Archaean craton.
Characterization of Hydrocarbon-bearing Fluid Inclusion in Sandstones of Jaisalmer Basin, Rajasthan: A Preliminary Approach
Authors: Verma Dhananjai , Jadhav G. N. , Biswal T. K. , Jena S. K. , Sharma N. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The quartz grains from the sandstone of Jaisalmer, Pariwar and Goru Formations of the Jaisalmer basin, Rajasthan, India, exhibits a variety of primary and secondary fluid inclusions. Most of them are hydrocarbon bearing fluid inclusions. Laser Raman studies indicate that the primary fluid inclusions were mostly having aliphatic hydrocarbons with lower degree of maturity, while the secondary fluid inclusions were generally with aliphatic as well as aromatic hydrocarbons with higher degree of maturity. This inference was consistent with their fluorescence characteristics. The homogenization temperatures of primary monophase CH4 rich fluid inclusions varied from -80°C to -100°C, whereas the primary biphase fluid inclusions (CH4-CO2) homogenized between +80°C and +150°C. The secondary petroleum rich monophase fluid inclusions were having homogenization temperature between -80°C to -90°C, whereas the secondary biphase fluid inclusions homogenized between +130°C and +180°C. Most of the secondary biphase fluid inclusions were having the mixtures of H2O-CO2-NaCl, and were identified on the basis clathrate formation and they got homogenized between +140°C and + 250 °C. The three past events of migration of petroleum inferred in the host rock which were marked by the presence of characteristic secondary fluid inclusions. They were identified on the basis of cross-cutting relationships of different trails of fluid inclusions in the quartz. The cement generation in the basin might have been occurred in two stages as per the fluid inclusion petrography.
Groundwater Simulation Studies of Parts of Western Yamuna Canal Command area, Haryana for Planning Sustainable Development
Authors: Maanjhu S. K. , Kumar K. J. Anandha 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
A single layer mathematical model was developed to simulate the hydrogeological condition and groundwater flow in an area of about 2536 Sq km, which forms part of the WYC Command area. The model was run both for the steady state and for the transient state. The model was then successfully calibrated. The calibration results were recorded qualitatively and quantitatively. The results of the calibrated model were analyzed. Two Scenarios developed alonwith six scenarios created earlier, in another modeling study, were analyzed to find out a sustainable solution for optimal utilization of surface and ground water. The two Scenarios developed show that a viable solution will be reduction in pumping and regulated surface water supply. This will ameliorate water logging in the nearby areas.
The reduction in pumping and thereby, reduction of return flow recharging groundwater can be achieved by improving water use efficiency and modifying/changing cropping pattern. These strategies can be successfully implemented, through mass awareness programmes, involving the farmers, who have to implement the programme, along with all the other stake holders. Ultimately reduction of groundwater pumping can be achieved through strict groundwater regulation.
Direct recharge by way of seepage through canal can be reduced by lining the unlined canals and proper repair and maintenance of the already lined canals. But this has to be tested through a pilot project vis-a-vis economic viability of this lining, as seepage may be indirectly helping groundwater recharge in areas without water logging. Further to increase the availability of surface water and augment recharge of groundwater, the surface run off from the precipitation, can be utilized in various ways to reduce to decline of groundwater level.
Intermediate Sulfidation Epithermal Pb-Zn-Cu (±Ag-Au) Mineralization at Cheshmeh Hafez Deposit, Semnan Province, Iran
Authors: Mehrabi Behzad , Siani Majid Ghasemi 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The Cheshmeh Hafez epithermal base metal deposit is located in Troud-Chah Shirin mountain range in the Alborz magmatic belt of northern Iran. In this area, the Eocene volcanism and associated mineralization are controlled by NW-SE trending Anjilo and Troud major faults. Geological units are composed of porphyritic andesite, andesitic basalt, dacite, rhyodacite, trachyandesite and basalt, which are typically high-K igneous rocks transitional to shoshonites. Alteration in Cheshmeh Hafez area comprise of propylilitization, sericitization, argillization and silicification. Mineralization consists of three stages. Stage 1, quartz, carbonate with early pyrite I and chalcopyrite assemblages. Stage 2, the main stage of sulfide deposition, comprises early euhedral galena I followed by galena II and sphalerite, then galena III, chalcopyrite, tetrahedrite, pyrite II, bornite and digenite. Stage 3 involves the deposition of quartz and calcite barren veins with minor pyrite. The average assays from 12 channel samples of Cheshmeh Hafez veins are 0.15 g/t Au, 3.23 g/t Ag, 4.47 wt % Pb, 2.64 wt % Cu, and 1.73 wt % Zn. Fluid inclusion homogenization temperatures (Th) in quartz fall within the range of 140º-280ºC with salinities ranging from 4.7 to 18 wt. % NaCl equivalent. Comparison of Th versus ice melting (Tmice) values indicates fluid dilution.
Probabilistic Forecasting Using Stochastic Diffusion Models, With Applications to Cohort Processes of Marriage and Fertility
Authors: Myrskylä Mikko , Goldstein Joshua R. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
In this article, we show how stochastic diffusion models can be used to forecast demographic cohort processes using the Hernes, Gompertz, and logistic models. Such models have been used deterministically in the past, but both behavioral theory and forecast utility are improved by introducing randomness and uncertainty into the standard differential equations governing population processes. Our approach is to add time-series stochasticity to linearized versions of each process. We derive both Monte Carlo and analytic methods for estimating forecast uncertainty. We apply our methods to several examples of marriage and fertility, extending them to simultaneous forecasting of multiple cohorts and to processes restricted by factors such as declining fecundity.
Translating Evidence to Practice for Mechanical Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis
Authors: Larkin Brenda G. , Mitchell Kimberly M. , Petrie Kathryn 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPerioperative staff nurses at Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, questioned variations in the use of mechanical venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and sought to improve the consistency of prophylaxis care and ensure use of evidence‐based practices. A work group consisting of perioperative clinical nurse specialists, a nurse clinician, and a staff nurse performed a systematic literature review to determine best practices for the implementation of mechanical venous thromboembolism prevention in the perioperative period. Key practices identified included optimal application times for initiating mechanical prophylaxis before the surgical procedure and the use of unilateral mechanical prophylaxis for some orthopedic procedures. We found no published consensus regarding a cumulative benefit from combining sequential compression devices and graduated compression stockings and no clinical evidence to support the use of alternative configurations for specialty procedural tables to prevent venous thromboembolism. We disseminated the best practices that we identified within our hospital and to the greater nursing community through posters and presentations.
Implementing AORN Recommended Practices for Transfer of Patient Care Information
Authors: Seifert Patricia C. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe Joint Commission estimates that 80% of serious medical errors are associated with miscommunication during patient transfers. Patient transfers may occur between a wide array of settings: between physicians’ offices or preoperative areas and traditional ORs or ambulatory settings, between emergency departments or interventional suites and the OR, and between other areas where the exchange of patient information occurs. AORN's “Recommended practices for transfer of patient care information” serves as a guide for establishing achievable practices that promote a safe level of care during perioperative patient transfers. Strategies for the successful implementation of the recommended practices include promoting teamwork, including with the patient and the patient's family members; developing effective communication skills; documenting processes; creating and adhering to policies and procedures; and establishing quality management programs.
Use of barrier protection for sexual activity among women who have sex with women
Authors: Rowen Tami S. , Breyer Benjamin N. , Lin Tzu‐Chin , Li Chin‐Shang , Robertson Patricia A. , Shindel Alan W. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the frequency and associations of barrier protection use during sexual activity in a population of women who have sex with women (WSW).MethodsWSW were invited to participate in an international internet‐based survey. Information regarding ethnodemographics, sexual health, and barrier use during sexual activities was collected.ResultsThe study cohort comprised 1557 participants. Barrier use was least prevalent during digital genital stimulation (11.3% ever used barriers) and most prevalent during stimulation with a sex toy (34.4% ever used barriers). Univariate analysis revealed that women in non‐monogamous relationships were more likely than monogamous women to always use barrier protection for sexual activity (14.3% vs 3.5%). On multivariate analysis, there was no association between barrier use and frequency of casual sexual activity or history of sexually transmitted infection. Small associations were noted between barrier use and certain sexual activities, age, race, and number of partners.ConclusionMany WSW do not use barrier protection during sexual activity, even in the context of potentially risky sexual behaviors. Safer‐sex practices among WSW merit increased attention from healthcare providers and public health researchers.