bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric hydrocephalus: systematic literature review and evidence-based guidelines. Part 3: Endoscopic computer-assisted electromagnetic navigation and ultrasonography as technical adjuvants for shunt placement
Authors: Flannery Ann Marie , Duhaime Ann-Christine , Tamber Mandeep S. , Kemp Joanna 
Published: May 2015

Object
This systematic review was undertaken to answer the following question: Do technical adjuvants such as ventricular endoscopic placement, computer-assisted electromagnetic guidance, or ultrasound guidance improve ventricular shunt function and survival?

Methods
The US National Library of Medicine PubMed/MEDLINE database and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were queried using MeSH headings and key words specifically chosen to identify published articles detailing the use of cerebrospinal fluid shunts for the treatment of pediatric hydrocephalus. Articles meeting specific criteria that had been delineated a priori were then examined, and data were abstracted and compiled in evidentiary tables. These data were then analyzed by the Pediatric Hydrocephalus Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guidelines Task Force to consider evidence-based treatment recommendations.

Results
The search yielded 163 abstracts, which were screened for potential relevance to the application of technical adjuvants in shunt placement. Fourteen articles were selected for full-text review. One additional article was selected during a review of literature citations. Eight of these articles were included in the final recommendations concerning the use of endoscopy, ultrasonography, and electromagnetic image guidance during shunt placement, whereas the remaining articles were excluded due to poor evidence or lack of relevance.
The evidence included 1 Class I, 1 Class II, and 6 Class III papers. An evidentiary table of relevant articles was created.

Conclusions
Recommendation: There is insufficient evidence to recommend the use of endoscopic guidance for routine ventricular catheter placement. Strength of Recommendation: Level I, high degree of clinical certainty.
Recommendation: The routine use of ultrasound-assisted catheter placement is an option. Strength of Recommendation: Level III, unclear clinical certainty.
Recommendation: The routine use of computer-assisted electromagnetic (EM) navigation is an option. Strength of Recommendation: Level III, unclear clinical certainty.
Pediatric hydrocephalus: systematic literature review and evidence-based guidelines. Part 6: Preoperative antibiotics for shunt surgery in children with hydrocephalus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Klimo Paul , Van Poppel Mark , Thompson Clinton J. , Baird Lissa C. , Duhaime Ann-Christine , Flannery Ann Marie 
Published: May 2015

Object
The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was twofold: to answer the question “What is the evidence for the effectiveness of prophylactic intravenous antibiotics for infection prevention in shunt surgery?” and to make treatment recommendations based on the available evidence.

Methods
The US National Library of Medicine PubMed/MEDLINE database and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were queried using MeSH headings and key words relevant to prophylactic antibiotic use in children undergoing a shunt operation. Abstracts were reviewed to identify which studies met the inclusion criteria. An evidentiary table was assembled summarizing the studies and the quality of evidence (Classes I-III). A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model to calculate a cumulative estimate of treatment effect using risk ratio (RR). Heterogeneity was assessed using chi-square and I2 statistics. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted. Based on the quality of the literature and the result of the meta-analysis, a recommendation was rendered (Level I, II, or III).

Results
Nine studies (4 Class I, 3 Class II, and 2 Class III) met our inclusion criteria. Of 7 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 3 were downgraded from Class I to Class II because of significant quality issues, and all RCTs were potentially underpowered. In only 2 Class in retrospective cohort studies were preoperative antibiotic agents found to be protective against shunt infection. When data from the individual studies were pooled together, the infection rate in the prophylactic antibiotics group was 5.9% compared with 10.7% in the control group. Using a random-effects model, the cumulative RR was 0.55 (95% CI 0.38–0.81), indicating a protective benefit of prophylactic preoperative intravenous antibiotics. A sensitivity analysis of RCTs only (n = 7) also demonstrated a statistical benefit, but an analysis of higher-quality RCTs only (n = 4) did not.

Conclusions
Within the limits of this systematic review and meta-analysis, administration of preoperative antibiotic agents for shunt surgery in children was found to lower the infection risk (quality of evidence: Class II; strength of recommendation, Level II).

Recommendation
The use of preoperative antibiotic agents can be recommended to prevent shunt infection in patients with hydrocephalus. It was only by combining the results of the various underpowered studies (meta-analysis) that the use of preoperative antibiotics for shunt surgery in children was shown to lower the risk of shunt infection. Strength of Recommendation: Level II, moderate degree of clinical certainty.
Participation in Leisure Activities among Canadian Children with Arthritis: Results from a National Representative Sample
Authors: Cavallo Sabrina , Majnemer Annette , Mazer Barbara , Chilingaryan Gevorg , Ehrmann Feldman Debbie 
Published: May 2015

Objective.To describe the level of participation in leisure activities among children and youth with arthritis, as well as to identify the sociodemographic (age, sex, family income), disease-related (functional limitations, disease duration, pain, medication use, child’s need for assistance), and contextual factors (use of rehabilitation services, proximity of local recreation facilities, cost of activities) that may be associated.Methods.Data from the Participation and Activity Limitation Survey (PALS) 2006, a Canadian postcensus survey, was analyzed. Bivariate and multivariable linear regression analyses were applied to examine the associations between the sample’s level of participation in leisure activities, and sociodemographic, disease-related, and contextual characteristics.Results.In Canada in 2006, an estimated 4350 children ranging in age from 5 to 14 years were living with arthritis. Fifty-six percent of parents reported that arthritis restricted their child’s participation in leisure activities. Bivariate analysis showed that the availability of local recreational facilities, the affordability of activities, and the child not requiring any assistance were all associated (modified Bonferroni correction α < 0.005) with greater participation in various types of leisure activities. Multiple linear regressions showed that higher family income (β 0.47, 95% CI 0.09, 0.85) and greater perceived pain (β 0.59, 95% CI 0.07, 1.10) were positively associated with involvement in informal leisure.Conclusion.Our findings underline the importance of considering contextual factors in developing treatment plans aimed at improving participation in leisure activities among children with arthritis. Future longitudinal studies targeting children living with arthritis could provide pertinent information on participation over fluctuations in disease status.
Whole-body Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis: Clinical Longterm Assessment May Underestimate Activity
Authors: Voit Agnes M. , Arnoldi Andreas P. , Douis Hassan , Bleisteiner Felicitas , Jansson Moritz K. , Reiser Maximilian F. , Weckbach Sabine , Jansson Annette F. 
Published: May 2015

Objective.(1) To examine how many patients have clinically and/or radiologically active chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) ≥ 10 years after first onset of symptoms, and (2) to compare clinical and whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) findings.Methods.Seventeen patients (82% women) who were diagnosed with childhood-onset CRMO at least 10 years (average 12) before reexamination were reevaluated. Patients completed a standardized questionnaire, and underwent clinical and laboratory investigation and WB-MRI. Clinical features were compared with imaging findings.Results.Five patients were found to be in clinical and radiological remission. One of these patients demonstrated 1 radiologically inactive lesion on WB-MRI. Four patients showed radiologically active lesions despite full clinical remission, 2 of them in 3 vertebral bodies. Spinal involvement in 6 patients (35%) caused vertebral compression fractures, vertebra plana, or vertebral hemifusion. Eight patients presented with ongoing clinical disease activity. When applying a CRMO activity score based on clinical and imaging findings, 2 patients were identified as having pain amplification. Overall, 22/55 known CRMO lesions were identified; 11 of them were radiologically active lesions. Additionally, 14 so far unknown clinically silent lesions were detected: 8 radiologically active lesions and 6 radiologically inactive lesions.Conclusion.CRMO activity on longterm followup might have been underestimated. Our study demonstrates that clinical remission does not necessarily mean radiological remission. We therefore propose that all patients with CRMO, including patients in clinical remission, require longterm clinical followup and should undergo evaluation with WB-MRI on a regular basis until radiological remission or a steady state of disease is achieved.
Aggressive Therapy Reduces Disease Activity without Skeletal Damage Progression in Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis
Authors: Zhao Yongdong , Chauvin Nancy A. , Jaramillo Diego , Burnham Jon M. 
Published: May 2015

Objective.To retrospectively assess changes in disease activity and skeletal damage in children with chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) after infliximab and methotrexate, with or without zoledronic acid or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) monotherapy, using a standardized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) approach.Methods.Treatment-related changes in clinical and MRI measures from aggressive therapy and NSAID monotherapy groups (n = 9 per group) were evaluated using nonparametric methods.Results.Pain, physical function, physician global assessment, inflammatory markers, nonvertebral inflammatory lesion number, and maximum bone edema score all improved significantly with aggressive therapy (p < 0.03), whereas only the maximum soft tissue inflammation severity decreased (p = 0.02) with NSAID monotherapy. Vertebral deformities and physeal damage did not worsen in the aggressive therapy group but 1 in the NSAID group had worsening of growth plate damage.Conclusion.An aggressive treatment regimen in CNO improved clinical and imaging measures of disease activity without progression of skeletal damage.
Current Status of Efforts on Standardizing Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Report from the OMERACT MRI in JIA Working Group and Health-e-Child
Authors: Nusman Charlotte M. , Ording Muller Lil-Sofie , Hemke Robert , Doria Andrea S. , Avenarius Derk , Tzaribachev Nikolay , Malattia Clara , van Rossum Marion A.J. , Maas Mario , Rosendahl Karen 
Published: May 2015

Objective.To report on the progress of an ongoing research collaboration on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and describe the proceedings of a meeting, held prior to Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) 12, bringing together the OMERACT MRI in JIA working group and the Health-e-Child radiology group. The goal of the meeting was to establish agreement on scoring definitions, locations, and scales for the assessment of MRI of patients with JIA for both large and small joints.Methods.The collaborative work process included premeeting surveys, presentations, group discussions, consensus on scoring methods, pilot scoring, conjoint review, and discussion of a future research agenda.Results.The meeting resulted in preliminary statements on the MR imaging protocol of the JIA knee and wrist and determination of the starting point for development of MRI scoring systems based on previous studies. It was also considered important to be descriptive rather than explanatory in the assessment of MRI in JIA (e.g., “thickening” instead of “hypertrophy”). Further, the group agreed that well-designed calibration sessions were warranted before any future scoring exercises were conducted.Conclusion.The combined efforts of the OMERACT MRI in JIA working group and Health-e-Child included the assessment of currently available material in the literature and determination of the basis from which to start the development of MRI scoring systems for both the knee and wrist. The future research agenda for the knee and wrist will include establishment of MRI scoring systems, an atlas of MR imaging in healthy children, and MRI protocol requisites.
Fibromyalgia and the Risk of a Subsequent Motor Vehicle Crash
Authors: Redelmeier Donald A. , Zung Jeremy D. , Thiruchelvam Deva , Tibshirani Robert J. 
Published: May 2015

Objective.Motor vehicle crashes are a widespread contributor to mortality and morbidity, sometimes related to medically unfit motorists. We tested whether patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia (FM) have an increased risk of a subsequent serious motor vehicle crash.Methods.We conducted a population-based self-matched longitudinal cohort analysis to estimate the incidence rate ratio of crashes among patients diagnosed with FM relative to the population norm in Ontario, Canada. We included adults diagnosed from April 1, 2006, to March 31, 2012, excluding individuals younger than 18 years, living outside Ontario, lacking valid identifiers, or having only a single visit for the diagnosis. The primary outcome was an emergency department visit as a driver involved in a motor vehicle crash.Results.The patients (n = 137,631) accounted for 738 crashes during the first year of followup after diagnosis, equal to an incidence rate ratio of 2.44 compared with the population norm (95% CI 2.27–2.63, p < 0.001). The crash rate was more than twice the population norm for those with a new or a persistent diagnosis. The increased risk included patients with diverse characteristics, approached the rate observed among other patients diagnosed with alcoholism, and was mitigated among those who received dedicated FM care or a physician warning for driving safety.Conclusion.A diagnosis of FM is associated with an increased risk of a subsequent motor vehicle crash that might justify medical interventions for traffic safety.
Risk of Psychiatric Disorders Following Primary Sjögren Syndrome: A Nationwide Population-based Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shen Cheng-Che , Yang Albert C. , Kuo Benjamin Ing-Tiau , Tsai Shih-Jen 
Published: May 2015

Objective.Primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease. A clear temporal causal relationship between pSS and psychiatric disorders has not been well established. We used a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study to explore the relationship between pSS and the subsequent development of psychiatric disorders.Methods.We identified subjects who were newly diagnosed with pSS between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2008, in the Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI) Research Database. A comparison cohort was constructed for patients without pSS. There were 2686 patients with pSS and 10,744 matched controls observed until diagnosed with psychiatric disorders or until death, withdrawal from the NHI system, or December 31, 2009. The Institutional Review Board of Taipei Veterans General Hospital approved this study (2012-12-013BC).Results.The adjusted HR of depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and sleep disorder in subjects with pSS were significantly higher at 1.829, 1.856, and 1.967 than those of the controls during the followup. We found that pSS might increase the risk of subsequent newly diagnosed depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and sleep disorder that may impair life quality.Conclusion.Our findings highlight the need for psychiatric evaluation and intervention for patients with pSS.
L’interculturalité
Authors: Crispi Valentina 
Published: May 2015

Résumé Les flux migratoires consécutifs à la décolonisation, aux impératifs économiques et à la mondialisation généralisée des phénomènes sociaux transforment en profondeur les sociétés modernes sur les plans démographique et culturel. Les problèmes soulevés par la rencontre, la coexistence, les échanges ou les affrontements entre cultures deviennent primordiaux ; la difficulté est de les penser dans la multiplicité complexe de leurs différents registres et processus. L’article présente et analyse en quoi les concepts et les problématiques (altérité, différence, déconstruction des identités, multiplicité) forgés dans les dernières décennies par la philosophie, française en particulier (Deleuze, Derrida, Ricœur, Lévinas), peuvent contribuer à l’effort de clarification et de compréhension de ce que peut être un vivre ensemble interculturel.
La production des hétérotopies à l'école : souci de soi et subjectivation
Authors: Gallo Sílvio 
Published: May 2015

Résumé On trouve chez Foucault ( Surveiller et punir ) une critique très importante de l’école comme institution disciplinaire. Je voudrais poser la question : serait-il possible de penser autrement l’école, avec Foucault ? Je partirai du concept d’hétérotopie pour interroger les possibilités de produire, dans l’école, des espaces autres d’apprentissage – soit l’apprentissage de la connaissance, de la vie ou de soi-même. Je travaillerai avec les derniers cours de Foucault au Collège de France (ceux des années 1980 à 1984), pour trouver des pistes qui nous permettraient de penser autrement l’éducation et l’école.
La question de l’écoute chez Michel Foucault
Authors: Hourcade Sciou Annie 
Published: May 2015

Résumé Michel Foucault aborde la question de l’écoute dans ses cours au Collège de France, notamment dans L’herméneutique du sujet et dans Le gouvernement de soi et des autres , s’appuyant essentiellement sur des textes antiques. Ce questionnement occupe une place déterminante dans les développements que Foucault met en œuvre sur l’activité de parrhêsia et plus largement de conseil. L’écoute y apparaît comme la contrepartie du discours philosophique mais aussi comme sa condition de possibilité. Les deux aspects de l’écoute – dans sa dimension de passivité mais aussi dans l’attitude active dont elle témoigne chez l’auditeur – invitent à s’interroger, avec Foucault, sur la limite ténue entre une philosophie dont la vocation est de soigner les âmes dans une visée essentiellement de conseil éducatif et une philosophie dont le but est avant tout de faire des philosophes.
Foucault, lecteur de Plutarque : de la notion de savoir « éthopoétique » à la construction d’une « esthétique de l’existence »
Authors: Machado Edouardo 
Published: May 2015

Résumé Nous essayerons de montrer dans cet article la « fonction auteur » que Plutarque occupe dans l’œuvre de Foucault tout en mettant en relief sa dimension éducative. L’étude montre un usage important de l’œuvre de Plutarque comme outil conceptuel et met en lumière deux figures (le biographe et le philosophe-thérapeute). Ces deux figures représentent deux aspects essentiels de la pensée éducative de Foucault : le refus de l’imitation des modèles du passé, incarné par le paradigme humaniste des biographies des hommes illustres, et la promotion d’une pédagogie des pratiques sur soi. De cette réflexion ressort la problématisation éducative du lien et du chemin construit par Foucault allant de la notion plutarchéenne d’un savoir « éthopoétique » à la possibilité de la construction d’une certaine idée esthétisante de l’homme.
L’eau des riches
Authors: Wateau Fabienne 
Published: May 2015

Faut-il voir dans le marketing et la publicité une des formes possibles du cosmopolitisme ? L’article propose une analyse des modes de vente et de distribution de l’eau en bouteille Perrier, vendue à l’international au nom d’une particularité nationale, un chic et un snob à la française qui lui confèrent sa marque de distinction. Le cosmopolitisme est interrogé au regard de ce marché globalisé tandis que les principes de la distinction sont rappelés pour en expliquer le succès.
Le prix des contes
Authors: La Salle Bruno de 
Published: May 2015

Les conteurs donnent-ils des contes à leurs auditeurs ? Peut-on donner des paroles, nécessairement éphémères et dont la valeur doit s’estimer dans l’instant ? En quoi peut consister le contre-don des auditeurs (suivant le schéma de Marcel Mauss) ? À qui appartiennent les récits patrimoniaux ? À ceux qui en gardent la mémoire ? Qu’en est-il de nos jours où les contes se trouvent enclos dans des objets matériels (imprimés, enregistrés) ? Un conteur pose ces questions difficiles de l’intérieur, à partir de sa longue pratique.
Contes à rendre : éthiquement ou ethniquement ?
Authors: Sahuc Philippe 
Published: May 2015

L’article est basé sur l’autoanalyse d’une expérience de collecteur-conteur conduite en parallèle à la relecture de l’Essai sur le don de Marcel Mauss. Rendre les contes en les disant à son tour y est présenté comme un possible contre-don. Cherchant une suite au don reçu au moment du collectage, l’auteur questionne le lien entre les partenaires du conte, les « auditeurs » et les « informateurs ». Il porte pour cela attention au moment et aux conditions dans lesquelles les contes lui sont confiés ainsi qu’aux caractéristiques de la personne qui les confie. Pour le conteur, ancien collecteur, le souvenir de la réception doit faire alors partie intégrante du récit, comme une forme d’éthique à respecter. Commence alors une série d’interrogations concernant, en particulier, les conditions matérielles de la restitution, la délimitation spatiale et la qualification du groupe constitué par ces échanges.
Comptes à rendre et contes rendus
Authors: Lesne Anna 
Published: May 2015

Nombre de romanciers antillais cherchent à prendre le relais des conteurs, se mettant en scène comme mandatés ou attachés à recueillir et transmettre des histoires. En quête de légitimité, et tout en valorisant par ailleurs la fiction et le romancier, ils se font passeurs de mémoire, relais d’autres voix ou de la parole collective ; et quand les paroles sont inaudibles, quand la mémoire est perdue et que l’écrivain doit finalement « tout imaginer », il est encore présenté, chez Patrick Chamoiseau surtout, comme recevant un don – manuscrits et objets chargés d’histoire, mémoire des corps et mémoire des pierres – auquel il répond par son récit.
Images recyclées
Authors: Gay-Para Praline 
Published: May 2015

Praline Gay-Para, conteuse résolument contemporaine et urbaine, ne connaissait que des récits traditionnels, ceux qui lui furent racontés dans son pays et sa langue d’origine. Elle utilise l’expression de « mémoire intégrale » pour faire comprendre qu’elle se souvient certes de ces récits entendus de conteurs et conteuses traditionnels, mais qu’elle en a retenu aussi la voix, le souffle, l’image de leur corps, leurs façons de parler, l’événement de parole que fut chacune de ces écoutes. Elle dit aussi sa façon d’être une conteuse contemporaine, résolument urbaine, qui construit ses récits à partir de faits réels, d’images, de manières de dire, de témoignages, voire de graffitis. Tous ces éléments s’organisent dans sa tête en récits dont la première forme est orale, avant de passer à l’écrit. Et parfois, curieusement, « ces histoires » rejoignent un conte traditionnel, comme celle de la Dame rousse, née d’une rumeur, réplique imprévu de la Dame Trude des frères Grimm. On lira dans le texte de P. Gay-Para une manière d’être « conteur contemporain ».