bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EXÓTICAS INVASORAS NAS RODOVIAS BR 277, PR 508, PR 407, PARANÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Carvalho Joema , Ferreira Antonio Marcos , Belão Mario , Boçon Roberto 
Published: August 2014

ResumoÁrvore exótica invasora é aquela que ocorre em uma área fora de seu limite natural e que se adapta e se reproduz, tornando-se dominante e alterando processos ecológicos naturais. As rodovias funcionam como um corredor de dispersão dessas espécies. Considerando isso, realizou-se um censo de todos os indivíduos de espécies arbóreas exóticas invasoras nas rodovias BR 277, PR 407 e PR 508, faixa de domínio da Concessionária Ecovia Caminhos do Mar S/A. As espécies foram definidas conforme a Portaria n° 125/2009, do Instituto Ambiental do Paraná. Registraram-se 15 espécies e 3.939 indivíduos, sendo as principais: Pinus sp., Eucalyptus sp., Psidium guajava e Musa sp. Essas espécies localizam-se, principalmente, próximas a moradias. Verificou-se correlação entre as espécies e a altitude. Recomenda-se o manejo das mesmas, desenvolvimento de programas de conscientização ambiental, recuperação dos ambientes alterados através do plantio de espécies nativas e monitoramento para o controle dessas espécies.Palavras-chave: Florística arbórea; altitude; biodiversidade. AbstractExotic invasive trees on the road BR 277, PR 407 e PR 508, Paraná, Brazil. An exotic invasive species is one that occurs outside of its natural geographical limits, which adapts and reproduces, and becomes dominant and concessionaire conducted a survey of exotic invasive tree species. The highways serve as a traverse where exotic species are easily dispersed. An inventory of invasive exotic trees (Ordinance N° 125/2009 of the Environmental Institute of Paraná) was carried out at the domain band of this concessionaire, on the highways BR 277, PR 407, and PR 508. 15 species were recorded as well as 3.939 individuals. The greatest instance species were: Pinus sp., Eucalyptus sp., Psidium guajava and Musa sp. These species are located primarily near the housing; there was a correlation between species and altitude. The management and tracking for the control of these species and environmental awareness programs are necessary, avoiding the planting of new subjects by de population and the dispersion in natural places, reestablishing the typical landscape of the present ecosystems on the road.Keywords: Floristic; tree; altitude; biodiversity.
EFFECT OF TIMBER HARVESTING ON DENSITY AND BASAL AREA OF LECYTHIDACEAE SPECIES IN THE EASTERN AMAZON
Authors: Marques dos Reis Pamella Carolline , Pequeno Reis Leonardo , Roberto Ruschel Ademir , Macedo Silva José Natalino , Pereira de Carvalho João Olegário , Travassos de Queiroz Waldenei 
Published: August 2014

Dynamics of Lecythidaceae species were evaluated 13 years after logging in a dense tropical rain forest located in the municipality of Moju, Pará (02º 08’ 14’’ and 02º 12’ 26” S; 48º 47’ 34”S and 48º 48’ 14” W - SAD 69). Two hundred ha out of a 1,050 ha forest area were selectively logged for timber (23 m3 ha-1 harvested from 25 species) in 1997. Twenty-two permanent sample plots of 0.5 ha (11 ha sample area) were established and all trees with DBH ≥ 10 cm were measured and identified in 1995, 1998 and 2010. Density (trees ha-1) and basal area (m2 ha-1) of the species were evaluated in the three occasions. The opening of canopy caused by logging reduced the density and basal area of five species, but produced a positive response in nine species, boosting their natural regeneration and allowing the ingrowth of one species that was not present in the studied area in the beginning.Keywords: Forest dynamics; Tauari; forest management; Amazon Forest. ResumoEfeito da exploração de madeiras na densidade e área basal de espécies de Lecythidaceae no leste da Amazônia. Analisou-se a dinâmica de espécies de Lecythidaceae 13 anos após a exploração madeireira, em uma Floresta Ombrófila Densa no município de Moju, Pará (02º 08’ 14’’ e 02º 12’ 26” S; 48º 47’ 34”S e 48º 48’ 14” W - SAD 69). De uma área de floresta de 1.050 ha, foram selecionados 200 ha para exploração seletiva, em 1997, de 25 espécies comerciais madeireiras (intensidade de 23 m3 ha-1). Foram alocadas 22 parcelas permanentes de 0,5 ha, totalizando 11 ha amostrais, onde foram medidas todas as árvores com DAP≥ 10 cm, nos anos de 1995, 1998 e 2010. Analisou-se a densidade (árvores ha-1) e área basal (m2 ha-1) das espécies, nas três ocasiões. A abertura do dossel causada pela exploração reduziu a densidade e a área basal de cinco espécies, porém produziu impacto positivo em nove espécies, estimulando a sua regeneração natural e, inclusive, proporcionando o ingresso de uma espécie que não estava presente na área monitoradaPalavras-chave: Dinâmica da floresta; Tauarí; manejo florestal; Floresta Amazônica.
Interannual variability of the Kuroshio onshore intrusion along the East China Sea shelf break: Effect of the Kuroshio volume transport
Authors: Liu Chuanyu , Wang Fan , Chen Xinping , von Storch Jin‐Song 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe interannual variability of the Kuroshio onshore intrusion (KOI) across the East China Sea (ECS) shelf break and its response to the ECS Kuroshio volume transport (KVT) during 1993 ∼ 2010 are studied based on a high‐resolution, real‐time, and global ocean general circulation model. Since variability of KVT is mainly determined in the interior Pacific, it is rather a remote than a local factor for the local ECS KOI. On interannual time scales, KVT affects KOI not only in the net volume transport across the entire shelf break but also in the spatial pattern along the shelf break. When KVT increases, the intrusion decreases (increases) upstream (downstream) of the major intrusion region northeast of Taiwan, the retreating increases (decreases) upstream (downstream) of the main veering region southwest of Kyushu. These patterns are caused by cyclonic eddies induced by the seaward deflection of the Kuroshio axis from the shelf break, which ultimately results from the KVT increase. A diagnostic mechanism of
is proposed, where h is the bottom depth, θ is the angle between isobaths and the vertically averaged current, and M is the absolute volume transport at the shelf break. θ is large in the major intrusion/retreating regions and stable on interannual time scales while M changes with opposite signs between upstream and downstream of the major intrusion/retreating regions. The mechanism explains well the relation of local KVT and the spatial pattern of KOI along the shelf break, in both the mean state and the interannual variations.
The ionosphere of Saturn as observed by the Cassini Radio Science System
Authors: Kliore Arvydas J. , Nagy Andrew , Asmar Sami , Anabtawi Aseel , Barbinis Elias , Fleischman Don , Kahan Danny , Klose John 
Published: August 2014

AbstractFifty‐nine ionsopheric radio occultation observations of the vertical electron density profile in the Saturn ionosphere have been made since the Cassini spacecraft was inserted in orbit around Saturn in 2004. Significant orbit to orbit variations were observed, but the general trend noted in earlier orbits, namely, increasing electron densities with increasing latitude was reconfirmed and bolstered with this extended data base. This trend is likely to be due to some combination of increasing ionization rates and decreasing water influx with latitude.
Electrospinning of aqueous lignin/poly(ethylene oxide) complexes
Authors: Poursorkhabi Vida , Mohanty Amar K. , Misra Manjusri 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTMicrofibers of kraft lignin blended with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) were produced by electrospinning of the solution of lignin and high molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) in alkaline water. Interactions between lignin and PEO in alkaline aqueous solutions create association complexes, which increases the viscosity of the solution. The effect of polymer concentration, PEO molecular weight, and storage time of solution before spinning on the morphology of the fibers was studied. It showed that after one day the viscosity dropped and fiber diameter decreased. Results from the solutions in alkaline water and N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) with different polymer concentrations were compared. The 7 wt % of (Lignin/PEO: 95/5 wt/wt) in alkaline aqueous solution was successfully spun and the ratio of PEO in lignin/PEO mixture could be further reduced. In comparison, higher concentrations were needed to prepare a spinning solution in DMF and fiber diameters were in a much smaller range. The final target of spinning lignin is to produce carbonized fibers. Fibers spun from aqueous solutions had lower PEO content, which is a big advantage for the carbonization process as it reduces the challenges regarding melting of the fibers or void creation during carbonization. Furthermore, the larger diameter of these fibers inhibits disintegration of the carbonized fibers, which happens due to the mass loss during the process. © 2014 The Authors Journal of Applied Polymer Science Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41260.
The effect of PETA/PETTA composite system on the performance of UV curable waterborne polyurethane acrylate
Authors: Li Kaibin , Shen Yiding , Fei Guiqiang , Wang Haihua , Wang Chen 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTUV curable waterborne polyurethane acrylate based on pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA)/pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETTA) composite system was prepared by using polycaprolactone glycol (PCL), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) and 2,2‐dimethylol butanoic acid (DMBA) as the main materials. Besides, PETA was used as capping agent and PETTA was used as reactive diluent. By varying the additive amount of PETA and PETTA, a series of emulsions and films were obtained. The molecular structure was characterized by infrared spectra and a series of performance tests such as particle size, contact angle, tensile properties, UV curing performance, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis were conducted. The result showed that more compact network structure was formed by introducing PETTA with higher reactivity into the polyurethane molecule under UV irradiation and many performances were improved as a whole. However, there existed phase separation to a certain extent. Especially when the content of PETTA was higher than 83.33%, the effect of compatibility became more prominent. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41262.
In Vitro evaluation and dissipative particle dynamics simulation of PLGA‐PEG‐PLGA
Authors: Cao Yang , Wang Bochu , Yang Lichun , Wang Yazhou , Singh Gurinder K. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThermosensitive PLGA‐PEG‐PLGA triblock copolymers have great potential to be utilized in intravitreal injection. It is important to understand the mechanisms of selfassembled behaviors of triblock copolymers. In this study, dissipative particle dynamics simulation is used to explore the phase behaviors and morphologies of the copolymers. Phase transition, complex viscosities, swelling characteristics, and degradation behavior were investigated. The results suggested that the structures of copolymers were greatly affected by polymer concentration. Phase behavior of copolymers can be modified by alternating polymer size distribution. It exhibited that particle diameter was temperature dependence and polymer concentration can increase micelles numbers in solutions. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41280.
Functionalized liquid natural rubber and liquid epoxidized natural rubber: A promising green toughening agent for polyester
Authors: Kargarzadeh Hanieh , Ahmad Ishak , Abdullah Ibrahim , Thomas Raju , Dufresne Alain , Thomas Sabu , Hassan Aziz 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTToughened unsaturated polyester resins (UPRs) were prepared using two different reactive rubbers, namely, liquid natural rubber (LNR) and liquid epoxidized natural rubber (LENR). The effect of varying amounts of LNR and LENR on the morphology, thermal, and mechanical properties of UPR were evaluated. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy was used to investigate the probable crosslinking reaction and changes in the functional groups on crosslinking. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and infinite focus microscopy were used to study the morphology of fracture surfaces. Tensile test showed that both the rubber‐modified resins (1.5 wt %) improved tensile strength. The viscoelastic properties and thermal stability of the toughened polyesters were evaluated using dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. A slight reduction in the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polyester was reported on the addition of both the rubbers. An increment in impact strength and fracture toughness was observed at 1.5 wt % for LNR and 4.5 wt % for LENR‐modified UPR. The results showed that both the liquid rubbers improved the mechanical properties of UPR. However, LENR‐modified UPR exhibited a more significant improvement in the mechanical properties compared to LNR‐modified UPR. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41292.
Next Generation Internet Policy in Japan, China and India
Authors: Coleman Liv 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis Internet is facing a critical moment in its history as Internet addresses begin to run out. The Asia Pacific is the region most deeply affected by Internet address depletion, due to its lack of legacy address space and emerging markets with new demand for Internet access. A Next Generation Internet with nearly infinite address space has been created, but transition is costly and uptake has been slow. This article examines Next Generation Internet policy adoption by three Asia‐Pacific countries: Japan, China and India.
Intelligent Adaptive Motion Control Using Fuzzy Basis Function Networks for Electric Unicycle
Authors: Tsai Ching‐Chih , Li Yi‐Yu , Tai Feng‐Chun , Lu Chih‐Haur 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis paper presents two intelligent adaptive controllers, called self‐balancing and speed controllers, for self‐balancing and motion control, respectively, of an electric unicycle using fuzzy basis function networks (FBFN), which are employed to approximate model uncertainties and unknown friction between the wheel and the terrain surface. Both controllers are established based on the linearized model of the vehicle whose model uncertainties and parameter variations are caused by different riders and terrain. An adaptive backstepping controller together with online learning FBFN and sensing information of the rider's body inclination then is presented to achieve self‐balancing motion control. By adding an electronic throttle as the input device of speed commands, a decoupling sliding‐mode controller with online learning FBFN is proposed to accomplish self‐balancing and speed control. The performance and merit of the two proposed control methods are exemplified by conducting four simulations and three experiments on a laboratory‐built electric unicycle.
First Principles Study of Morphology, Doping Level, and Water Solvation Effects on the Catalytic Mechanism of Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene in the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Kwak Dohyun , Khetan Abhishek , Noh Seunghyo , Pitsch Heinz , Han Byungchan 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBy using first principles DFT calculations, we reveal oxygen reduction reaction mechanisms in N‐doped graphene (N‐Gr). Considering both the morphology and the concentration of dopant N atoms in bulk and edge N‐Gr forms, we calculate the energies of a large number of N‐Gr model systems to cover a wide range of possible N‐Gr structures and determine the most stable N‐Gr forms. In agreement with experiments, our DFT calculations suggest that doping levels in stable N‐Gr forms are limited to less than approximately 30 at. % N, above which the hexagonal graphene framework is broken. The ground state structures of bulk and edge N‐Gr forms are found to differ depending on the doping level and poisoning of the edge bonds. Oxygen reduction reaction mechanisms are evaluated by using Gibbs free‐energy diagrams with and without water solvation. Our results indicate that N doping significantly alters the catalytic properties of pure graphene and that dilutely doped bulk N‐Gr forms are the most active.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Addition of 1,3‐Diones to Ynamides: An Entry to Alkoxy‐Substituted Enamides
Authors: Graux Lionel V. , Clavier Hervé , Buono Gérard 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA new metal‐catalyzed addition reaction of 1,3‐diketones to ynamides, which provides access to unprecedented alkoxy‐substituted enamides, is disclosed herein. A screening of catalytic systems showed that both a phosphapalladacycle and a cationic gold complex were capable of promoting this reaction rapidly and cleanly. The scope investigation revealed that variously substituted terminal ynamides and cyclic 1,3‐diones were well tolerated. The use of internal ynamides led to the formation of both E and Z isomers with low to good selectivities. The proposed mechanism suggests that the phosphapalladacycle acts as a π Lewis acid to activate the ynamide.
Hybrid Electric Power Biodevices
Authors: Pankratov Dmitry , Blum Zoltan , Shleev Sergey 
Published: August 2014

AbstractHybrid electric power biodevices, a new type of electric‐power‐producing device, are a combination of an electrochemical capacitor and a biofuel cell. In this Minireview, we summarise existing knowledge on double‐function bioelectrodes, that is, single electrodes concurrently manifesting bio‐electrocatalytic and charge‐storage features, and describe important historical aspects and achievements in this area. We also discuss a recently proposed method for concomitant electric power generation and storage, which is exemplified by fabricated and characterised self‐charging bio‐supercapacitors, also termed charge‐storing biofuel cells. The electric power in these hybrid devices is uninterruptedly generated by direct transformation of chemical energy into electric energy, as occurs in biofuel cells. The power is simultaneously and directly stored within a single device, relying on different types of capacitance based on reversible charge‐transfer reactions (pseudocapacitance) and/or electric double‐layer capacitance, as in electrochemical capacitors. We also present some unpublished results on both dual‐feature electrodes and hybrid biodevices and briefly highlight the prospects for their application.
Self‐Powered and Sensitive DNA Detection in a Three‐Dimensional Origami‐Based Biofuel Cell Based on a Porous Pt‐Paper Cathode
Authors: Wang Yanhu , Ge Lei , Ma Chao , Kong Qingkun , Yan Mei , Ge Shenguang , Yu Jinghua 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn this work, a mediator‐less and compartment‐less glucose/air enzymatic biofuel cell (BFC) was introduced into microfluidic paper‐based analytical devices (μ‐PADs) with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs)‐modified paper electrode as the anodic and cathodic substrate, respectively, to implement self‐powered, sensitive, low‐cost and simple DNA detection. As a further development of the analytical equipment, an all‐solid‐state paper supercapacitor (PS) was designed and integrated into the BFC for current amplification, and a terminal digital multi‐meter detector (DMM) was introduced for the current detection. A highly sensitive DNA sensor was fabricated by covalently immobilizing the capture DNA in the AuNPs‐modified anode. The nanoporous gold conjugated with bienzymes, glucose oxidase and horseradish peroxidase, which were used as electrochemical labels. The electrons generated at the anode flow through an external circuit to the PtNPs‐modified cathode that catalyzed the reduction of oxygen with the participation of protons. In addition, the generated current could be collected and stored by the PS. After that, the PS was automatically shorted under the control of a switch to output an instantaneously amplified current, which could be sensitively detected by the terminal DMM. At the optimal conditions, the paper‐based analytical platform can detect DNA at the femtomole level. This approach also shows excellent specificity toward single nucleotide mismatches.
Docetaxel plus oral metronomic cyclophosphamide: A phase II study with pharmacodynamic and pharmacogenetic analyses in castration‐resistant prostate cancer patients
Authors: Derosa Lisa , Galli Luca , Orlandi Paola , Fioravanti Anna , Di Desidero Teresa , Fontana Andrea , Antonuzzo Andrea , Biasco Elisa , Farnesi Azzurra , Marconcini Riccardo , Francia Giulio , Danesi Romano , Falcone Alfredo , Bocci Guido 
Published: August 2014

BACKGROUNDDocetaxel plus prednisone is currently the standard first‐line treatment in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The aim of this study was to assess the clinical activity and pharmacodynamic/pharmacogenetic profile of docetaxel plus prednisone in combination with metronomic cyclophosphamide in mCRPC patients.METHODSForty‐one chemotherapy‐naive patients received docetaxel (60 mg/m2 intravenously every 3 weeks up to 12 cycles) and, from day 2, prednisone 10 mg/day, celecoxib 400 mg/day, and metronomic cyclophosphamide 50 mg/day, continuously. Plasma VEGF and bFGF were detected by ELISA. Real‐time PCR‐SNP analysis of VEGF gene was performed using an ABI PRISM 7900HT SDS and TaqMan SNP genotyping.RESULTSEighty‐seven percent of patients were free of progression at 6 months. A decrease in prostate‐specific antigen ≥50% was observed in 82% of 39 evaluable patients, with a median time to progression of 12.3 months. Grade 3 adverse events were neutropenia (5%), thrombocytopenia, diarrhea, and stomatitis (2.5%). Median PFS and OS were 14.9 months (95% CI, 9.2‐15.3 months) and 33.3 months (95% CI, 23‐35.6 months), respectively. Of 11 patients (28%) with evaluable disease, 5 (44%) achieved a complete response, 2 (11%) a partial response, and 2 (11%) stable disease, whereas 2 showed disease progression. The −1154A/G VEGF polymorphism, plasma VEGF, and bFGF after the first cycle of chemotherapy may represent useful pharmacodynamic markers to predict better outcomes.CONCLUSIONSThe combination of docetaxel and oral metronomic chemotherapy is effective and well tolerated in mCRPC patients and may deserve further evaluation. Cancer 2014;120:3923–3931. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Light‐Triggered Green Fluorescent Protein Silencing in Human Keratinocytes in Culture Using Antisense Oligonucleotides Coupled to a Photoreactive Ruthenium(II) Complex
Authors: Marcélis Lionel , Van Overstraeten‐Schlögel Nancy , Lambermont Javiera , Bontems Sébastien , Spinelli Nicolas , Defrancq Eric , Moucheron Cécile , Kirsch‐De Mesmaeker Andrée , Raes Martine 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA photoreactive ruthenium(II) complex that contains two tetraazaphenanthrene (TAP) and one phenanthroline (phen) ligands was synthesized and then tethered to (antisense) oligonucleotides (Ru–ASO) to target a destabilized GFP (dGFP). The specificity of the photoreaction of this Ru–ASO conjugate was studied in vitro by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) experiments in denaturing conditions. Other nonspecific Ru–ASO conjugates were also prepared and evaluated with human keratinocytes that expressed dGFP. An illumination‐dependent cytotoxicity was observed for most Ru–ASO conjugates that varied from 10 to almost 40 %, but only the specific Ru–ASO conjugate was able to significantly reduce GFP expression in illuminated cells.