bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artemisinin ameliorates thyroid function and complications in adult male hypothyroid rats via upregulation of the L1 cell adhesion molecule
Authors: Li Lingling , Xu Haifan , Hu Zecheng , Li Li 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Hypothyroidism, a common worldwide syndrome caused by insufficient thyroid hormone secretion, affects number of people at different ages. Artemisinin (ART), a well-known effective agent in the treatment of malaria, also has anti-oxidative stress functions in various diseases. The L1 cell adhesion molecule exerts multiple protective roles in diseased systems. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of ART in adult male hypothyroid rats and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods
The propylthiouracil (PTU) rat model was treated with or without 5 mg/kg ART and with or without L1 short-interfering RNA (siRNA), followed by the experiments to determine the effect of ART on thyroid function, depression and anxiety, cognition impairments, liver, kidney and heart functions, and oxidative stress.

Results
In the current study, it was shown that ART can ameliorate thyroid function, mitigate depression and anxiety symptoms, attenuate cognition impairments, improve liver, kidney and heart functions, and inhibit oxidative stress; however, the effects exerted by ART could not be observed when L1 was silenced by L1 siRNA.

Conclusion
These results indicated that ART can upregulate the L1 cell adhesion molecule to ameliorate thyroid function and the complications in adult male hypothyroid rats, laying the foundation for ART to be a novel strategy for the treatment of hypothyroidism.
Genomic characterization of AML with aberrations of chromosome 7: a multinational cohort of 519 patients
Authors: Halik Adriane , Tilgner Marlon , Silva Patricia , Estrada Natalia , Altwasser Robert , Jahn Ekaterina , Heuser Michael , Hou Hsin-An , Pratcorona Marta , Hills Robert K. , Metzeler Klaus H. , Fenwarth Laurene , Dolnik Anna , Terre Christine , Kopp Klara , Blau Olga , Szyska Martin , Christen Friederike , Krönke Jan , Vasseur Loïc , Löwenberg Bob , Esteve Jordi , Valk Peter J. M. , Duchmann Matthieu , Chou Wen-Chien , Linch David C. , Döhner Hartmut , Gale Rosemary E. , Döhner Konstanze , Bullinger Lars , Yoshida Kenichi , Damm Frederik 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Deletions and partial losses of chromosome 7 (chr7) are frequent in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and are linked to dismal outcome. However, the genomic landscape and prognostic impact of concomitant genetic aberrations remain incompletely understood.

Methods
To discover genetic lesions in adult AML patients with aberrations of chromosome 7 [abn(7)], 60 paired diagnostic/remission samples were investigated by whole-exome sequencing in the exploration cohort. Subsequently, a gene panel including 66 genes and a SNP backbone for copy-number variation detection was designed and applied to the remaining samples of the validation cohort. In total, 519 patients were investigated, of which 415 received intensive induction treatment, typically containing a combination of cytarabine and anthracyclines.

Results
In the exploration cohort, the most frequently mutated gene was TP53 (33%), followed by epigenetic regulators (DNMT3A, KMT2C, IDH2) and signaling genes (NRAS, PTPN11). Thirty percent of 519 patients harbored ≥ 1 mutation in genes located in commonly deleted regions of chr7—most frequently affecting KMT2C (16%) and EZH2 (10%). KMT2C mutations were often subclonal and enriched in patients with del(7q), de novo or core-binding factor AML (45%). Cancer cell fraction analysis and reconstruction of mutation acquisition identified TP53 mutations as mainly disease-initiating events, while del(7q) or −7 appeared as subclonal events in one-third of cases. Multivariable analysis identified five genetic lesions with significant prognostic impact in intensively treated AML patients with abn(7). Mutations in TP53 and PTPN11 (11%) showed the strongest association with worse overall survival (OS, TP53: hazard ratio [HR], 2.53 [95% CI 1.66–3.86]; P < 0.001; PTPN11: HR, 2.24 [95% CI 1.56–3.22]; P < 0.001) and relapse-free survival (RFS, TP53: HR, 2.3 [95% CI 1.25–4.26]; P = 0.008; PTPN11: HR, 2.32 [95% CI 1.33–4.04]; P = 0.003). By contrast, IDH2-mutated patients (9%) displayed prolonged OS (HR, 0.51 [95% CI 0.30–0.88]; P = 0.0015) and durable responses (RFS: HR, 0.5 [95% CI 0.26–0.96]; P = 0.036).

Conclusion
This work unraveled formerly underestimated genetic lesions and provides a comprehensive overview of the spectrum of recurrent gene mutations and their clinical relevance in AML with abn(7). KMT2C mutations are among the most frequent gene mutations in this heterogeneous AML subgroup and warrant further functional investigation.
Ac-HSP20 regulates autophagy and promotes the encystation of Acanthamoeba castellanii by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Guo Siyao , Liu Di , Wan Xi , Guo Dingrui , Zheng Meiyu , Zheng Wenyu , Feng Xianmin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The encystation of Acanthamoeba castellanii has important ecological and medical significance. Blocking encystation is the key to preventing transmission and curing infections caused by A. castellanii. The formation of autophagosomes is one of the most important changes that occur during the encystation of Acanthamoeba. Our previous studies have shown that the heat shock protein 20 of A. castellanii (Ac-HSP20) is involved in its encystation. This study aimed to determine the role and mechanism of Ac-HSP20 in regulating autophagy involved in the encystation of A. castellanii.

Methods
Immunofluorescence assay, western blotting and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze the dynamic changes in autophagy during the initiation and continuation of encystation. The knockdown of Ac-HSP20 was performed to clarify its regulation of encystation and autophagy and to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which Ac-HSP20 participates in autophagy to promote cyst maturation.

Results
The encystation rates and autophagosomes were significantly decreased by treatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA. The autophagy marker LC3B and autophagic lysosomes increased with the induced duration of encystation and reached the maximum at 48 h. The encystation rate, LC3B expression and autophagosomes decreased when Ac-HSP20 was knocked down by siRNA transfection. In addition, the expression levels of Ac-HSP20 and LC3B increased and the expressions of p-AKT and p-mTOR decreased after 48 h of encystation without knockdown. However, the expressions of p-AKT and p-mTOR increased while the expression of LC3B decreased under the knockdown of Ac-HSP20. Furthermore, the protein expression of LC3B increased when the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was inhibited but decreased when the pathway was activated.

Conclusions
The results demonstrated that autophagy is positively correlated with the encystation of A. castellanii, and Ac-HSP20 regulates autophagy to maintain the homeostasis of A. castellanii by inhibiting the PI3K /AKT /mTOR signaling pathway, thus promoting the maturation and stability of encystation.

Graphical Abstract
Concretizing plan specifications as realizables within the OBO foundry
Authors: Duncan William D. , Diller Matthew , Dooley Damion , Hogan William R. , Beverley John 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Within the Open Biological and Biomedical Ontology (OBO) Foundry, many ontologies represent the execution of a plan specification as a process in which a realizable entity that concretizes the plan specification, a “realizable concretization” (RC), is realized. This representation, which we call the “RC-account”, provides a straightforward way to relate a plan specification to the entity that bears the realizable concretization and the process that realizes the realizable concretization. However, the adequacy of the RC-account has not been evaluated in the scientific literature. In this manuscript, we provide this evaluation and, thereby, give ontology developers sound reasons to use or not use the RC-account pattern.

Results
Analysis of the RC-account reveals that it is not adequate for representing failed plans. If the realizable concretization is flawed in some way, it is unclear what (if any) relation holds between the realizable entity and the plan specification. If the execution (i.e., realization) of the realizable concretization fails to carry out the actions given in the plan specification, it is unclear under the RC-account how to directly relate the failed execution to the entity carrying out the instructions given in the plan specification. These issues are exacerbated in the presence of changing plans.

Conclusions
We propose two solutions for representing failed plans. The first uses the Common Core Ontologies ‘prescribed by’ relation to connect a plan specification to the entity or process that utilizes the plan specification as a guide. The second, more complex, solution incorporates the process of creating a plan (in the sense of an intention to execute a plan specification) into the representation of executing plan specifications. We hypothesize that the first solution (i.e., use of ‘prescribed by’) is adequate for most situations. However, more research is needed to test this hypothesis as well as explore the other solutions presented in this manuscript.
A quadratic optimization program for the inverse elastography problem
Authors: Barbeiro Sílvia , Henriques Rafael , Santos José Luis 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this work we focus on the development of a numerical algorithm for the inverse elastography problem. The goal is to perform an efficient material parameter identification knowing the elastic displacement field induced by a mechanical load. We propose to define the inverse problem through a quadratic optimization program which uses the direct problem formulation to define the objective function. In this way, we end up with a convex minimization problem which attains its minimum at the solution of a linear system. The effectiveness of our method is illustrated through numeral examples.
Barriers to female leadership in intensive care medicine: insights from an ESICM NEXT & Diversity Monitoring Group Survey
Authors: De Rosa Silvia , Schaller Stefan J. , Galarza Laura , Ferrer Ricard , McNicholas Bairbre A. , Bell Max , Helms Julie , Azoulay Elie , Vieillard-Baron Antoine ,   the NEXT Committee & Diversity Monitoring Group of the ESICM Society
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The underrepresentation of women in leadership remains a pervasive issue, prompting a critical examination of support mechanisms within professional settings. Previous studies have identified challenges women face, ranging from limited visibility to barriers to career advancement. This survey aims to investigate perceptions regarding the effectiveness of women’s leadership programs, mentoring initiatives, and a specialized communication course. Particularly it specifically targets addressing the challenges encountered by professional women.

Methods
This multi-center, observational, international online survey was developed in partnership between ESICM NEXT and the ESICM Diversity and Inclusiveness Monitoring Group for Healthcare. Invitations to participate were distributed to both females and men through emails and social networks. Data were collected from April 1, 2023, through October 1, 2023.

Results
Out of 354 respondents, 90 were men (25.42%) and 264 were women (74.58%). Among them, 251 completed the survey, shedding light on the persistent challenges faced by women in leadership roles, with 10%-50% of respondents holding such positions. Women’s assertiveness is viewed differently, with 65% recognizing barriers such as harassment. Nearly half of the respondent’s experience interruptions in meetings. Only 47.4% receiving conference invitations, with just over half accepting them. A mere 12% spoke at ESICM conferences in the last three years, receiving limited support from directors and colleagues, indicating varied obstacles for female professionals. Encouraging family participation, reducing fees, providing childcare, and offering economic support can enhance conference involvement. Despite 55% applying for ESICM positions, barriers like mobbing, harassment, lack of financial support, childcare, and language barriers were reported. Only 14% had access to paid family leave, while 32% benefited from subsidized childcare. Participation in the Effective Communication Course on Career Advancement Goals and engagement in women’s leadership and mentoring programs could offer valuable insights and growth opportunities. Collaborating with Human Resources and leadership allies is crucial for overcoming barriers and promoting women’s career growth.

Conclusions
The urgency of addressing identified barriers to female leadership in intensive care medicine is underscored by the survey’s comprehensive insights. A multifaceted and intersectional approach, considering sexism, structural barriers, and targeted strategies, is essential.
Compliance and feedback based model to measure cloud trustworthiness for hosting digital twins
Authors: Akhtar Syed Imran , Rauf Abdul , Abbas Haider , Amjad Muhammad Faisal , Batool Ifra 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCloud-based digital twins use real-time data from various data sources to simulate the behavior and performance of their physical counterparts, enabling monitoring and analysis. However, one restraining factor in the use of cloud computing for digital twins is its users’ concerns about the security of their data. This data may be located anywhere in the cloud, with very limited control of the user to ensure its security. Cloud-based digital twins provide opportunities for researchers to collaborate yet security of such digital twins requires measures specific to cloud computing. To overcome this shortcoming, we need to devise a mechanism that not only ensures essential security safeguards but also computes a Trustworthiness value for Cloud Service Providers (CSP). This would give confidence to cloud users and enable them to choose the right CSP for their data-related interaction. This research proposes a solution, whereby the Trustworthiness of CSPs is calculated based on their Compliance with data security controls, User Feedback, and Auditor Rating. Two additional factors, Accuracy of Compliance Measurement and Control Significance Factor have been built in, to cater for other nonstandard conditions. Our implementation of Data Security Compliance Monitor and Data Trust as a Service, along with three CSPs, each with ten different settings, has supported our proposition through the devised formula. Experimental outcomes show changes in the trustworthiness value with changes in compliance level, user feedback and auditor rating. CSPs with better compliance have better trustworthiness values. However, if the Accuracy of Compliance Measurement and Control Significance Factor are low the trustworthiness is also proportionately less. This creates a balance and realism in our calculations. This model is unique and will help in creating users’ trust in cloud-based digital twins.
Non-communicable comorbidities in pulmonary tuberculosis and healthcare utilization: a cross-sectional study of 2021 Indonesian national health insurance data
Authors: Prasiska Danik Iga , Chapagain Durga Datta , Osei Kennedy Mensah , Rajaguru Vasuki , Kang Sun Joo , Kim Tae Hyun , Lee Sang Gyu , Han Whiejong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Limited research exists on the comorbidity of pulmonary tuberculosis with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and its implications for healthcare utilization in Indonesia. The lack of investigation into NCD comorbidity among pulmonary tuberculosis patients could adversely affect both the healthcare system and the national health insurance scheme. Understanding the NCD comorbidity among pulmonary tuberculosis patients, associated factors, and healthcare utilization is crucial for ensuring the effective and efficient delivery of health services.

Method
This study utilized an observational cross-sectional design based on anonymized sample data from tuberculosis cases covered by Indonesia's National Health Insurance in 2021. Chi-square tests were employed to analyze dependent and independent variables, while unadjusted and adjusted logistic regressions were used to explore further associations.

Results
The prevalence of NCD comorbidity in tuberculosis patients was 11.81%. Aged over 60 (aOR 5.16; [CI] 4.23—6.3), married (aOR 1.19; [CI] 1.05—1.34), and unemployed (aOR 1.27; [CI] 1.08—1.49) were associated with the NCD comorbidity in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Factors associated with increased inpatient service utilization among pulmonary tuberculosis patients included aged over 60 (aOR 5.69; [CI] 4.81—6.74), male (aOR 1.32; [CI] 1.23—1.40), self-employment (aOR 1.42; [CI] 1.29—1.56), having insurance subsidized by central government (aOR 1.89; [CI] 1.73—2.08) or local government funds (aOR 1.75; [CI] 1.58—1.93), and having comorbidity non-communicable diseases (aOR 1.80; [CI] 1.66—1.96).

Conclusion
Pulmonary tuberculosis patients exhibit a significant prevalence of NCD comorbidity, which substantially impacts healthcare utilization. Early detection and management of these conditions are critical to mitigate burdens on both the healthcare system and the financial sustainability of the national health insurance scheme. Integrating health services for tuberculosis and NCDs through bidirectional screening is essential for comprehensive patient care.
Increased age and the volume of intraoperative fluid administered predict urinary retention after elective inguinal herniorrhaphy
Authors: Wu Jin-Ming , Yeh Chi-Chuan , Wei Nathan , Tsai Hsing-Hua , Tseng Shang-Ming , Chan Kuang-Cheng , Chen Kuo-Hsin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Inguinal hernia repair (IHR) is a common surgical procedure worldwide. Although IHR can be performed by the minimally invasive method, which accelerates recovery, postoperative urinary retention (POUR) remains a common complication that significantly impacts patients. Thus, it is essential to identify the risk factors associated with POUR to diminish its negative impact.

Methods
We conducted a single-center retrospective review of elective IHR from 2018 to 2021. POUR was defined as the postoperative use of straight catheter or placement of an indwelling catheter to relieve the symptoms. Adjusted multivariate regression analysis was performed to address the associations of clinicodemographic, surgical, and intraoperative factors with POUR.

Results
A total of 946 subjects were included in the analysis after excluding cases of emergent surgery, recurrent hernia, or concomitant operations. The median age was 68.4 years, and 92.0% of the patients were male. Twenty-three (2.4%) patients developed POUR. In univariate analysis, POUR in comparison with non-POUR was significantly associated with increased age (72.2 versus 68.3 years, P = 0.012), a greater volume of intraoperative fluid administered (500 versus 400 ml, P = 0.040), and the diagnosis with benign prostate hypertrophy (34.8% versus 16.9%, P = 0.025). In the multivariate model, both increased age (odds ratio [OR] 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.08; P = 0.049) and a greater volume of intraoperative fluid administered (OR 1.12 per 100-mL increase, 95% CI 1.01–1.27; P = 0.047) were significantly associated with the occurrence of POUR.

Conclusions
We found that increased age and a greater volume of intraoperative fluid administered were significantly associated with the occurrence of POUR. Limiting the administration of intraoperative fluid may prevent POUR. From the perspective of practical implications, specific guidelines or clinical pathways should be implemented for fluid management and patient assessment.
Concurrent validity between self-reported International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form and Fibion accelerometer data among young adults in the UAE
Authors: Arumugam Ashokan , Alsaafin Nour , Shalash Reime Jamal , Qadah Raneen Mohammed , Al-Sharman Alham , Moustafa Ibrahim M. , Shousha Tamer M. , Kumaran Senthil D. , Migliorini Filippo , Maffulli Nicola 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSelf-reported physical activity questionnaires (e.g., International Physical Activity Questionnaire, IPAQ) are a cost-effective, time-saving, and accessible method to assess sedentary behaviour and physical activity. There are conflicting findings regarding the validity of self-reported questionnaires in comparison to accelerometer-measured data in a free-living environment. This study aimed to investigate the concurrent validity between self-reported Arabic–English IPAQ short form (IPAQ-SF) and Fibion (Fibion Inc., Jyväskylä, Finland) accelerometer-measured sedentary and physical activity time among young adults. One hundred and one young healthy adults (mean age 20.8 ± 2.4 years) filled in the IPAQ short form (IPAQ-SF) and wore the Fibion device on the anterior thigh for ≥ 600 min per day for 4–7 days. Concurrent validity between the IPAQ-SF and Fibion accelerometer for sitting, walking, moderate activity, and vigorous activity time was assessed using the Spearman correlation coefficient ($$\rho$$
ρ
) and Bland–Altman plots. Significant weak associations between IPAQ-SF and Fibion measurements were found for total activity time ($$\rho$$
ρ
= 0.4; P < 0.001) and for the duration of walking ($$\rho$$
ρ
= 0.3; P = 0.01), moderate ($$\rho$$
ρ
= 0.2; P = 0.02), and vigorous-intensity activities ($$\rho$$
ρ
= 0.4; P < 0.001). However, $$\rho$$
ρ
was not significant ($$\rho$$
ρ
= − 0.2; P = 0.09) for sitting time. In addition, all the plots of the measured variables showed a proportional bias. A low association and agreement were found between self-reported IPAQ-SF scores and Fibion accelerometer measurements among young adults in the UAE. Adult sedentary and physical activity measurements should be obtained objectively with accelerometers rather than being limited to self-reported measures.
Differential impact of pegfilgrastim, a recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor, on the neutrophil count of male and female deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii)
Authors: Strydom J.P. , Brand Linda , Viljoen Francois P. , Wolmarans De Wet 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
An increasing body of research implicates inflammatory processes, including alterations in the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), in the pathophysiology of psychiatric illness. The deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii) is commonly studied for its naturalistic expression of compulsive-like behaviour. Towards future efforts to gain an understanding of how innate and adaptive immune processes might be involved in this model, we aimed to study the effects of pegfilgrastim, a pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (g-CSF) analogue, on the NLR of both male and female deer mice.

Methods
Briefly, 54 deer mice (equally distributed between sexes) were exposed to a single injection with either control or pegfilgrastim (0.1 or 1 mg/kg) (n = 18 per group). Six mice of each group (three per sex) were euthanized on days two, four and seven post-administration, their blood collected and the NLR calculated. Data were analysed by means of ordinary three-way ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni post-hoc testing.

Results
Irrespective of dose, pegfilgrastim resulted in higher NLR values in mice of both sexes at days four and seven of testing. However, female mice exposed to the higher dose, presented with significantly higher NLR values irrespective of time, compared to male mice exposed to the same.

Conclusion
The data generated from this work highlight important dose- and sex-specific aspects of pegfilgrastim with female mice showing heighted elevation of the NLR in response to high-dose pegfilgrastim administration only. Since the innate immune components of male and female deer mice is differentially sensitive to g-CSF stimulation, our results provide a useful basis for further study of sex-specific immunological processes in deer mice.