bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated ACE model for consumer health information needs: A content analysis of questions in Yahoo! Answers
Authors: Chiu Ming‐Hsin Phoebe , Wu Chi‐Chuan 
Published: January 2013

AbstractConsumer Health Information (CHI) seeking on the Internet is becoming more popular, yet very complex as Social Q&A services emerge. Health information needs occur at various stages of health and illness. In response to the need to ensure that information provision is effective from prevention and treatment, this study attempted to uncover how health information seekers articulate their information needs. In this study, 440 health‐related questions in Yahoo! Answers were first pre‐identified into eight progressive stages of health information seeking. Each question was treated as an information seeking activity, and content of the question was considered as health information needs. Through analyzing questions in action, cognition, and emotion dimensions inspired by Kuhlthau's Information Seeking Process model, each question was further coded to reflect the nature of clarity, urgency, and length of information needs articulation. The findings uncover the fact that CHI seeking is multi‐tasking and non‐liner, and the way information seekers articulate the health information needs changes over the stages of health status. This study may inform consumer health information providers in designing services that may address the time‐sensitive nature of CHI seeking.
Enriching text representation with frequent pattern mining for probabilistic topic modeling
Authors: Kim Hyun Duk , Park Dae Hoon , Lu Yue , Zhai ChengXiang 
Published: January 2013

AbstractProbabilistic topic models have been proven very useful for many text mining tasks. Although many variants of topic models have been proposed, most existing works are based on the bag‐of‐words representation of text in which word combination and order are generally ignored, resulting in inaccurate semantic representation of text. In this paper, we propose a general way to go beyond the bag‐of‐words representation for topic modeling by applying frequent pattern mining to discover frequent word patterns that can capture semantic associations between words and then using them as additional supplementary semantic units to augment the conventional bag‐of‐words representation. By viewing a topic model as a generative model for such augmented text data, we can go beyond the bag‐of‐words assumption to potentially capture more semantic associations between words. Since efficient algorithms for mining frequent word patterns are available, this general strategy for improving topic models can be applied to improve any topic models without substantially increasing the computational complexity of the model. Experiment results show that such a frequent pattern‐based data enrichment approach can improve over two representative existing probabilistic topic models for the classification task. We also studied variations of frequent pattern usage in topic modeling and found that using compressed and closed patterns performs best.
Scholarly conformity: Origins, framework, applications and implications
Authors: Zhang Guo , Ding Ying 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis paper examines the concept of social conformity and provides a theoretical framework to conceptualize and operationalize scholarly conformity, a specific type of social conformity in the process of scholarly communication. It proposes that scholarly conformity can be conceptualized and operationalized by citations (which constitute by the most formal and official way to show “attachment” and “conformity” to authorities and/or popularities). It suggests that one of the most important applications of scholarly conformity is to indicate the evolution of a research community as five phrases of a life cycle. Potentials and limitations of studies in this issue are also provided.
The role of location‐based services in shaping sense of place
Authors: Farrelly Glen 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe increasing ubiquity of mobile devices with positioning technology has enabled more people to access and create information where it is geographically relevant. These location‐based services are growing in user adoption, yet the role of such emerging technology in our relationships to the places we encounter has not been fully examined. This paper reports on a survey study that examines how people use mobile devices in relation to place and the potential for location‐based services to improve sense of place. It was found that location‐based services enhance people's familiarity, personal engagement, and social connection to place, leading to an improved sense of place.
Effects of permeability and surface roughness on the behavior of an oscillating viscoelastic squeeze film
Authors: Mahbubur Razzaque M. , Mustafa Muhannad 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a parametric study of the effects of permeability and surface roughness on the hydrodynamic force and the leakage flow rate in an oscillating squeeze film between a rigid surface and a rubber surface.Design/methodology/approachThe study is conducted numerically using a squeeze film model that incorporates the effects of viscoelasticity, permeability and surface roughness.FindingsIt is seen that with increasing permeability of the porous rubber block, both the hydrodynamic force and the leakage flow rate decrease. Increasing center line average (CLA) of surface roughness height distribution decreases the leakage flow rate slightly but increases the hydrodynamic force. The decrease in the hydrodynamic force due to using permeable material in squeeze film may be compensated for by deliberately increasing the surface roughness. The effect of variation in frequency of system vibration may be minimized by using optimally selected permeable materials with rough surface.Originality/valueThe paper reports the extension of previous work of the authors and the results of this portion were never published. The findings of this paper are based on original work and have practical value.
Asset endowments, non‐farm participation and local separability in remote rural China
Authors: Liang Yicheng , Feldman Marcus W. , Li Shuzhuo , Daily Gretchen C. 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to address a local separability character partly identified by non‐farm participation behaviors in the context of multiple market imperfections.Design/methodology/approachThe paper develops a model to analyze agricultural household's non‐farm participation based on heterogeneous asset endowments. The model is applied to recent data from Zhouzhi, a mountainous county in rural western China.FindingsThe paper shows that human capital, social capital and other capital assets have significant but different effects on the agricultural household's participation in non‐farm activities, and they help to break down non‐farm labor constraints. Nonseparability holds only for those households unable to participate in non‐farm activities due to poor asset endowments.Originality/valueThe agricultural household model developed in this paper and its application in China provide insights into theory and empirical analysis of agricultural households' behavior and rural development.
Losing a job on purpose: relationships with borderline personality symptomatology
Authors: Sansone Randy A. , Wiederman Michael W. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAimThe purpose of the present study was to examine one facet of employment viability, losing a job on purpose, among individuals with borderline personality symptomatology (BPS).MethodsUsing a cross‐sectional self‐report survey methodology in a combined sample of four prior studies from the same study site (n = 1493), we examined the relationship between losing a job on purpose and two self‐report measures for BPS.ResultsThere were 7.6% of participants that endorsed losing a job on purpose, with no statistically significant difference between the proportions of males and females. Point‐biserial correlation coefficients revealed that those who endorsed losing a job on purpose scored statistically significantly higher on both measures of BPS and were more likely to exceed the clinical cut‐off scores on both measures of BPS. Multiple regression analyses indicated that findings were independent of gender or age.ConclusionOne factor in poor employment viability among individuals with BPS appears to be the behaviour of losing a job on purpose.
Assessing psychotic‐like symptoms using the BASC‐2: adolescent, parent and teacher agreement
Authors: Nugent Katie L. , Kline Emily , Thompson Elizabeth , Reeves Gloria , Schiffman Jason 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAimThe aim of the current study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the BASC‐2 (Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition) Atypicality subscale in a sample of adolescents receiving mental health services.MethodsA large sample (n = 1916) of adolescents aged 12–20 years (median = 14.7 years) completed the BASC‐2. A parent and teacher also completed the measure for each child. We analyzed internal consistency and interrater reliabilities for the Atypicality subscale, as well as the Depression and Hyperactivity subscales for comparison. Further analyses explored the influence of a participant's subscale scores, gender, and quality of relationships with adults on interrater agreement.ResultsAll subscales demonstrated good internal consistency; however, interrater agreement was low for all subscales. Gender, Atypicality subscale score, and self‐reported quality of relationships with adults could not account for poor interrater agreement.ConclusionsThe Atypicality subscale has strong internal consistency across informants. Low interrater agreement for the Atypicality subscale, as well as other scales, however, presents a challenge when interpreting multi‐informant scales.
Initial predictors of outcome in an early intervention in psychosis service
Authors: Harrington Emily , Neffgen Marion , Sasalu Punitha , Sehgal Tarun , Woolley James 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAimsThe aims of this study were to determine medium‐term outcomes of a cohort of early intervention service users after discharge from the service. Additionally, to establish whether characteristics can be easily identified in the early stages of treatment to predict outcome, aid discharge planning and focus interventions.MethodsOne hundred fifty‐five early intervention service users were followed‐up for a mean of 4.6 years from the start of early intervention treatment. Patients were divided into good and poor outcome groups and these groups were compared on gender, duration of untreated psychosis, age at first presentation to mental health services, hospital admissions in the first year and time spent on the waiting list.ResultsA third of the patients had a good outcome, with a discharge to primary care and no subsequent return to mental health services. Good outcome was associated with a later age of first contact with mental health services and fewer hospital admissions in the first year of treatment.ConclusionsWe would suggest that clinicians working in this and similar services could use these two factors as early as one year into treatment to begin to consider discharge planning, or conversely to focus resources most appropriately on those likely to benefit most or those who have the greatest predicted need. This study supports an optimist view of prognosis for a significant proportion of first‐episode psychosis patients.
How fast is fisheries‐induced evolution? Quantitative analysis of modelling and empirical studies
Authors: Audzijonyte Asta , Kuparinen Anna , Fulton Elizabeth A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA number of theoretical models, experimental studies and time‐series studies of wild fish have explored the presence and magnitude of fisheries‐induced evolution (FIE). While most studies agree that FIE is likely to be happening in many fished stocks, there are disagreements about its rates and implications for stock viability. To address these disagreements in a quantitative manner, we conducted a meta‐analysis of FIE rates reported in theoretical and empirical studies. We discovered that rates of phenotypic change observed in wild fish are about four times higher than the evolutionary rates reported in modelling studies, but correlation between the rate of change and instantaneous fishing mortality (F) was very similar in the two types of studies. Mixed‐model analyses showed that in the modelling studies traits associated with reproductive investment and growth evolved slower than rates related to maturation. In empirical observations age‐at‐maturation was changing faster than other life‐history traits. We also found that, despite different assumption and modelling approaches, rates of evolution for a given F value reported in 10 of 13 modelling studies were not significantly different.
Asian origin and upslope migration of Hawaiian Artemisia (Compositae–Anthemideae)
Authors: Hobbs Christopher R. , Baldwin Bruce G. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAimMajor habitat shifts are well documented for the Hawaiian flora, but examples of shifts to the highest Hawaiian habitats by plant lineages of lowland tropical ancestry have been lacking. We sought to determine whether Hawaiian Artemisia (Compositae–Anthemideae), which includes lowland and subalpine species, represents such an example, by investigating the origin and relationships of the Hawaiian taxa.LocationHawaiian Islands and continental settings world‐wide (except Antarctica and Australia).MethodsMolecular phylogenetic analyses of Hawaiian Artemisia in the context of world‐wide diversity were conducted using nuclear and chloroplast DNA spacers. The timing of divergence events associated with inferred dispersals was estimated with calibration from fossil pollen records. Historical biogeographical analyses based on molecular trees and ecological modelling of the distributions of extant taxa were used to aid the interpretation of geographical and habitat shifts associated with diversification and long‐distance dispersal.ResultsOur findings indicate that the Hawaiian endemic species (A. australis, A. kauaiensis and A. mauiensis) constitute a clade sister to Southeast Asian A. chinensis, which, like the Hawaiian endemics, has ribbed fruit walls and, unlike other members of Artemisia except A. kauaiensis, has a distinct pappus, which is often associated with dispersal ability in Compositae. The clade encompassing A. chinensis and Hawaiian Artemisia was resolved to be most likely of Asian origin. The natural occurrence of A. chinensis in littoral habitats of Taiwan, Okinawa, and the Ryukyu and Bonin islands, and of A. australis in similar settings in the Hawaiian Islands, is likely to reflect the ancestral ecology of the Hawaiian clade, with subsequent colonization of inland, higher‐elevation habitats, including subalpine shrubland, where A. mauiensis is endemic.Main conclusionsAn ecological shift in Hawaiian Artemisia from tropical coastal habitats to drier and colder subalpine slopes is consistent with evidence from recent studies for repeated colonization of the Arctic by diverse lineages of Artemisia. Artemisia appears to be prone to such anticlimatic ecological shifts, which may explain this exceptional example of an ancestrally lowland tropical lineage in the Hawaiian high‐montane flora.
Fournier's Gangrene Associated with Intradermal Injection of Cocaine
Authors: Khan Fahd , Mukhtar Saheel , Anjum Faqar , Tripathi Bharati , Sriprasad Seshadri , Dickinson Ian K. , Madaan Sanjeev 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Cocaine abuse is associated with a number of medical complications, most notably arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and cerebral hemorrhages. The injection of cocaine in the penis has been predominantly recorded into the corpus cavernosae and is associated with priapism.

Aim
Here we describe the injection of subcutaneous cocaine within the penile shaft skin producing ischemic necrosis and Fournier's gangrene.

Main Outcome Measures
We sought to highlight the effects of cocaine use within the penis and emphasize the different effects that may ensue.

Methods
We reviewed a recent clinical case and conducted a literature review on the use of cocaine within the penis.

Results
The use of cocaine has been reported previously within the literature and is mainly limited to case reports. Cocaine use within the corpora and the subcutaneous tissues produces significantly different consequences ranging from priapism to Fournier's gangrene.

Conclusions
The case illustrates the growing use of cocaine and other illicit drugs and emphasizes the importance of this issue to all clinicians.
Identification of a Role for the
trans
-Golgi Network in Human Papillomavirus 16 Pseudovirus Infection
Authors: Day Patricia M. , Thompson Cynthia D. , Schowalter Rachel M. , Lowy Douglas R. , Schiller John T. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT

Human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) enters its host cells by a process that most closely resembles macropinocytosis. Uncoating occurs during passage through the endosomal compartment, and the low pH encountered in this environment is essential for infection. Furin cleavage of the minor capsid protein, L2, and cyclophilin B-mediated separation of L2 and the viral genome from the major capsid protein, L1, are necessary for escape from the late endosome (LE). Following this exodus, L2 and the genome are found colocalized at the ND10 nuclear subdomain, which is essential for efficient pseudogenome expression. However, the route by which L2 and the genome traverse the intervening cytoplasm between these two subcellular compartments has not been determined. This study extends our understanding of this phase in PV entry in demonstrating the involvement of the Golgi complex. With confocal microscopic analyses involving 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU)-labeled pseudogenomes and antibodies to virion and cellular proteins, we found that the viral pseudogenome and L2 travel to the
trans
-Golgi network (TGN) following exit from the LE, while L1 is retained. This transit is dependent upon furin cleavage of L2 and can be prevented pharmacologically with either brefeldin A or golgicide A, inhibitors of anterograde and retrograde Golgi trafficking. Additionally, Rab9a and Rab7b were determined to be mediators of this transit, as expression of dominant negative versions of these proteins, but not Rab7a, significantly inhibited HPV16 pseudovirus infection.
Migrations of hatchling European pond turtles (Emys orbicularis) after nest emergence
Authors: Najbar Bartłomiej , Mitrus Sławomir 
Published: January 2013

Distances between nest sites of Emys orbicularis and the nearest water bodies can be long. We studied whether a longer distance could affect the probability of hatchling survival, migration time, and body mass loss. In our research area (Lubuskie district, western Poland), nest sites were situated on a slope; the closest water body was in a distance of 72-290 m. Near the water body we constructed a 550 m long drift fence to recapture hatchlings migrating down the slope. We monitored 32 hatchlings from 7 different nests deposited in the years 2008-2010. The hatchlings started to emerge from their nests on 9 and 13 April 2009, 7 and 9 April 2010, 30 March, 7 and 8 April 2011. Then, hatchlings were radiotracked using transmitters glued on their carapaces. Individuals () recaptured near the fence travelled the distance between the nest site and the fence within 18-727 hours (0.75-∼30 days). Hatchlings from nests situated only a short distance away (72-81 m) were recaptured in higher numbers, compared to those from nests situated further away (227-290 m). During the journey the hatchlings lost on average ∼3.8% of their initial body mass. The hatchlings which migrated longer lose more of their initial body mass than those which migrated shorter.
Involvement of the mitogen activated protein kinase Hog1p in the response of Candida albicansto iron availability
Authors: Kaba Hani EJ , Nimtz Manfred , Müller Peter P , Bilitewski Ursula 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
Iron is an essential nutrient for almost all organisms, and generating iron limiting conditions for pathogens is one of the host defense strategies against microbial infections. Excess of iron can be toxic; therefore, iron uptake is tightly controlled. The high affinity iron uptake system of the opportunistic pathogenic yeast Candida albicans has been shown to be essential for virulence. Several transcription factors and regulators of iron uptake genes were identified, but the knowledge of signaling pathways is still limited. Gene expression profiling of the Δhog1 deletion mutant indicated an involvement of the mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase Hog1p. However, the function of Hog1p in the response of C. albicans to iron availability was not studied in detail. Thus, we analyzed phenotypic and molecular responses of C. albicans to different iron concentrations particularly with respect to the activity of the Hog1p MAP kinase module.

Results
We observed flocculation of yeast cells, when the iron ion concentration was equal to or higher than 5 μM. This phenotype was dependent on the MAP kinase Hog1p and the corresponding MAP kinase kinase Pbs2p. Moreover, high extracellular iron ion concentrations led to hyper-phosphorylation of Hog1p. We determined lower amounts of multicopper ferroxidase (MCFO) proteins and lower ferric reductase activity, when the iron ion concentration in the medium was increased. This effect was also observed for the Δhog1 mutant. However, the amounts of MCFO proteins and the cell surface ferric reductase activity were increased in the Δhog1 in comparison to wild type cells. This effect was independent of iron availability in growth media.

Conclusions
In C. albicans, the MAP kinase Hog1p is part of the network regulating the response of the organism to iron availability. Hog1p was transiently phosphorylated under high iron concentrations and was essential for a flocculent phenotype. Furthermore, deletion of HOG1 led to increased levels of components of the reductive iron uptake system in comparison to the wild-type, independent of iron concentrations in the media. However, the additional induction of this system by low iron concentrations was independent of HOG1.
Gbx2, a LIF/Stat3 target, promotes reprogramming to and retention of the pluripotent ground state
Authors: Tai Chih-I , Ying Qi-Long 
Published: January 2013

Summary
Activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) by leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) maintains mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) self-renewal and also facilitates reprogramming to ground state pluripotency. Exactly how LIF/Stat3 signaling exerts these effects, however, remains elusive. We identified gastrulation brain homeobox 2 (Gbx2) as a LIF/Stat3 downstream target that, when overexpressed, allows long-term expansion of undifferentiated mESCs in the absence of LIF/Stat3 signaling. Elevated Gbx2 expression also enhanced reprogramming of mouse embryonic fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem cells. Moreover, overexpression of Gbx2 was sufficient to reprogram epiblast stem cells to ground state ESCs. Our results reveal a novel function of Gbx2 in mESC reprogramming and LIF/Stat3-mediated self-renewal.