bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN ELDERLY ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA
Authors: Ossenkoppele Gert J. , Janssen Jeroen J.W.M. , Huijgens Peter C. 
Published: February 2013

Treatment outcome in elderly Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is still very disappointing. Although complete remission rate is around 50-60% the 2 years survival is only in the magnitude of 10-20%. This is mainly due to an overrepresentation of adverse prognostic factors present in elderly AML. As relapses emerge from residual disease present after chemotherapy, intensification of treatment could emerge as a rational strategy. Intensification of chemotherapy by increasing the dose of anthracyclines or addition of gemtuzumab ozogamycin (Mylotarg) to standard chemotherapy indeed has proved to be of advantage in elderly AML. In younger AML autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (AuPBSCT) as post remission treatment in comparison to intensive consolidation chemotherapy has been investigated in a few randomized studies. AuPBSCT showed reduced relapse rates with low non-relapse mortality rates. In elderly AML intensification by AuPBSCT also have been performed although randomized studies are lacking. Nevertheless, in the previous years various reports have suggested the potential utility of AuHSCT in AML of the elderly with encouraging results, albeit mostly in highly selected patients. Acceptable toxicity and a relatively low rate of transplant-related mortality has been notified. However relapses occurred which, irrespective of age, still remains the major cause of treatment failure of AuHSCT in AML. In this review we summarize the experience of AuPBSCT in elderly AML.
Uniform Adoption Laws: A Public Health Perspective
Authors: Crum Deborah E. 
Published: February 2013

Adoption has long been seen as the "perfect solution" for numerous parties. Traditionally viewed, adoption is no more than a social service procedure; however, viewed more broadly, adoption provides a solution to the public health concerns of unplanned pregnancies and foster care populations. In the United States, the power to establish and administer the legal and procedural systems applicable to the adoption process is granted to the individual states, due to their responsibility to regulate the welfare of children. Therefore, like other areas of family law, adoption is a state-created statute. Conflicts between states are not uncommon because of the discrepancies in adoption laws amongst the states. These discrepancies between different state adoption laws lead to confusion, forum shopping, and most importantly, negative attitudes and reactions toward adoption. Ultimately, these discrepancies hurt the only innocent party involved: children in need of a family. As a solution to multiple public health concerns, adoption laws would benefit from a uniform adoption act. This Note will examine the extensive issues resulting from the discrepancies between state adoption laws and address how a uniform adoption act could significantly promote adoption as a viable solution to two public health concerns: the increasing number of unplanned pregnancies and the significant number of children in foster care awaiting permanent placements. Section I explores public health concerns that would benefit from a uniform adoption act. Section II discusses adoption laws as state responsibilities and addresses the major consequences of having different state adoption laws. Section III details past efforts to overcome the differences in state adoption laws, including the Uniform Adoption Act of 1994. Finally, Section IV analyzes the need for some form of uniform adoption laws if adoption is to remain a viable solution to public health concerns, namely the increasing number of unplanned pregnancies and significant number of children in the foster care system awaiting adoption.
Sporadic duodenal macrogastrinoma: a rare case report
Authors: Šimčikas Dainius , Poškus Eligijus , Stanaitis Juozas , Rinkevičiūtė Ernesta , Tamošiūnas Algirdas Edvardas , Strupas Kęstutis 
Published: February 2013

Gastrinomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors characterized by the secretion of gastrin, which causes hyperchlorhydria, thereby producing the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. In most cases this syndrome manifests as severe peptic ulcer disease. We are presenting an extremely rare clinical case of sporadic duodenal macrogastrinoma. The patient underwent investigation due to six-year history of epigastric pain, heartburn and episodic diarrhea. Endoscopy, endosonoscopy and histologic examination of biopsy specimens indicated the presence of duodenal gastrinoma with no signs of peptic ulcers. Pyloroduodenal segment including 3.5 cm macrogastrinoma was resected. This case is unique as duodenal gastrinomas are usually very small, up to 1 cm. During the follow up period we observed slowly decreasing hypergastrinemia. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy, CT and upper GI endoscopy were performed to reveal the reasons, though did not find any abnormalities. 8 months of follow-up did not reveal any progression of the disease. The etiology of slowly decreasing hypergastrinemia remains unclear, controversial and is under investigation.
Pump operations in locally advanced thoracic malignancies
Authors: Cicėnas Saulius , Sirvydis Vytautas Jonas , Uždavinys Giedrius , Kalinauskas Gintaras , Aškinis Renatas , Zaremba Sigitas 
Published: February 2013

Background. The study objective is to evaluate the efficacy of pump operations in locally advanced IIIB (T4N0-1M0) lung cancer and other thoracic malignancies and the results of treatment.
Materials and methods. In the period 2003–2011, 6 patients (pts) with locally advanced thoracic malignancies underwent surgery in the Center of Cardiac Surgery of Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics (VUH SC). Patients’ characteristics and stage: lung cancer – 3 pts (50.0%), stage IIIB (T4N0-1M0), sarcoma of mediastinum – 2 pts (33.3%), fibrous tumour of mediastinum – 1 pt (16.7%). Patients according to morphology: squamous cell carcinoma – 3 pts (50.0%), neuroangiosarcoma – 1 pt (16.7%), neurosarcoma – 1 pt (16.7%), solitary fibrous tumour – 1 pt (16.7%). After surgery patients received adjuvant treatment: 3 pts with lung cancer received 4 cycles of chemotherapy Gemcitabine with cisplatinum, 2 pts with angiosarcoma received radiation therapy 66 Gy and 6 cycles of chemotherapy Ifosfamide.
Results. We performed pneumonectomy with left atrium resection – 2 pts (33.3%), left pneumonectomy with aorta resection – 1 pt (16.7%), left atrium resection with left upper lobectomy – 1 pt (16.7%), mediastinum resection with chest wall reconstruction – 1 pt (16.7%), left pneumonectomy – 1 pt (16.7%). We had no complications after pump operations. Median survival of patients with lung cancer was 2.5 ± 0.5 years, with angiosarcoma 3.5 ± 1.0 years. Five-year survival was 25%.
Conclusions. 1. Pump operations are safe and possible in locally advanced thoracic malignancies. 2. Pump operations and adjuvant treatment may prolong median survival in IIIB (T4N0-1M0) lung cancer patients by 2.5 ± 0.5 years and in angiosarcoma patients by 3.5 ± 1.0 years.
Effectiveness of early oseltamivir treatment in children with pandemic 2009 A/H1N1 influenza in the Vilnius University Children Hospital
Authors: Usonis Vytautas , Narkevičiūtė Irena , Guntaitė Vilija 
Published: February 2013

Background. Oseltamivir is recommended for treatment of pandemic influenza in children. The therapy should be started as soon as possible, however, data on the effectiveness of such a treatment is rather limited. This study was accomplished in order to evaluate the effectiveness of oseltamivir depending on the time of the beginning of treatment.
Materials and methods. Medical records of 72 children hospitalised to the Vilnius University Children’s Hospital (VUCH) because of laboratory confirmed pandemic influenza during November–December 2009 were analysed retrospectively. Duration of fever and frequency of complications in children treated with oseltamivir starting on days 1–2 and those who were started to treat ≥day 3 from the beginning of flu symptoms were compared to those who did not receive oseltamivir.
Results. 40 patients were treated with oseltamivir: 20 children were commenced on treatment within 48 hours of their illness and the other 20 were started on oseltamivir on day 3 or later. 32 children were not treated with oseltamivir. Fever lasted 2.1 ± 0.8 days if the treatment with oseltamivir was started within 48 hours of illness and 4.1 ± 1.9 days if the treatment was started later (p
Soybean planting dates and maturity groups: Maximizing yield potential and decreasing risk in Louisiana
Authors: Moseley David , Reis Andre , Gentimis Thanos , Campos Priscila , Copes Josh , Netterville Melanie , Egbedi Peters , Harrell Dustin , Kongchum Manoch , Levy Ronnie , Padgett Boyd , Soignier Samuel , Scroggs Derek , Sanders Jason , Pankey Joe , Fic Katarzyna 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSoybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] producers in Louisiana began shifting to an early soybean production system (ESPS) in the early 2000s by planting earlier maturing varieties in April and May. Although this shift in planting practices has been supported by research elsewhere beginning in the mid‐1990s, there is minimum data focusing on the ESPS across Louisiana. The overall objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of planting date, maturity group (MG), and their combination across a comprehensive set of yield environments in the state of Louisiana to determine the combination of optimum planting date and MG for soybean production. We gathered field data from the 2013 to 2020 seasons originated from three Louisiana State University AgCenter research stations and four seed companies. A total of 428, 926, and 331 observations were analyzed from the Northeast, Central, and Southwest Louisiana regions, respectively. When including all data from across Louisiana, the optimum planting date was April 30. Breaking by regions, the average optimum planting date for the Northeast Louisiana region was April 9. The Central and Southwest results were divided by MG section, and the approximate optimum planting dates were April 15 and May 15, respectively. These results support the ESPS for the Northeast and Central Louisiana regions, but not for the Southwest Louisiana region. Optimizing planting recommendation is a critical component for supporting the development of varieties suitable for the southern production systems of the United States.
An easy‐to‐follow handbook for electroencephalogram data analysis with Python
Authors: Lu Zitong , Li Wanru , Nie Lu , Zhao Kuangshi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis easy‐to‐follow handbook offers a straightforward guide to electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis using Python, aimed at all EEG researchers in cognitive neuroscience and related fields. It spans from single‐subject data preprocessing to advanced multisubject analyses. This handbook contains four chapters: Preprocessing Single‐Subject Data, Basic Python Data Operations, Multiple‐Subject Analysis, and Advanced EEG Analysis. The Preprocessing Single‐Subject Data chapter provides a standardized procedure for single‐subject EEG data preprocessing, primarily using the MNE‐Python package. The Basic Python Data Operations chapter introduces essential Python operations for EEG data handling, including data reading, storage, and statistical analysis. The Multiple‐Subject Analysis chapter guides readers on performing event‐related potential and time‐frequency analyses and visualizing outcomes through examples from a face perception task dataset. The Advanced EEG Analysis chapter explores three advanced analysis methodologies, Classification‐based decoding, Representational Similarity Analysis, and Inverted Encoding Model, through practical examples from a visual working memory task dataset using NeuroRA and other powerful packages. We designed our handbook for easy comprehension to be an essential tool for anyone delving into EEG data analysis with Python (GitHub website: https://github.com/ZitongLu1996/Python‐EEG‐Handbook; For Chinese version: https://github.com/ZitongLu1996/Python‐EEG‐Handbook‐CN).
Analyse zur Transformation des deutschen Energiesystems von fossilen Rohstoffen zu erneuerbaren Energien als technologischer, stofflicher, und energetischer Systemwechsel
Authors: Maaß Hans‐Jürgen , Möckel Hans‐Otto 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Ziel, die Stromerzeugung in Deutschland fast zu 100 % mit erneuerbaren Energien (EE) und grünen Energieimporten zu sichern, wird analysiert. Über die Jahresdauerlastlinien der Wege der Stromgewinnung mit EE wird die tatsächliche Lieferkapazität der EE in Abhängigkeit von der installierten Leistung gezeigt. Die mit dem Ausbau der EE zunehmende Volatilität wirkt negativ auf die Effektivität der Stromerzeugung und führt zu hohen Residuallasten. Es gelingt nicht, diese über Speicherung des Überschussstromes mit Wasserstoff und Wiederverstromung und Importen von grünen Energieträgern auszugleichen. Ein global umsetzbares Konzept der komplementären Dekarbonisierung der Stromerzeugung aus EE und fossilen Energieträgern über Erdgaspyrolyse und stofflich‐energetische Nutzung von Braunkohle wird vorgeschlagen.
Estimation in a general mixture of Markov jump processes
Authors: Frydman Halina , Surya Budhi Arta 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe propose a general mixture of Markov jump processes. The key novel feature of the proposed mixture is that the generator matrices of the Markov processes comprising the mixture are entirely unconstrained. The Markov processes are mixed with distributions that depend on the initial state of the mixture process. The maximum likelihood (ML) estimates of the mixture's parameters are obtained from continuous realizations of the mixture process and their standard errors from an explicit form of the observed Fisher information matrix, which simplifies the Louis (Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, 44:226–233, 1982) general formula for the same matrix. The asymptotic properties of the ML estimators are also derived. A simulation study verifies the estimates' accuracy. The proposed mixture provides an exploratory tool for identifying the homogeneous subpopulations in a heterogeneous population. This is illustrated with an application to a medical dataset.
Risk of malignancy and overall survival associated with the diagnostic categories in the World Health Organization Reporting System for Pancreaticobiliary Cytopathology
Authors: Hsiao Wen‐Yu , Wang Qun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe World Health Organization (WHO) classification system revised the Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology (PSC) system for reporting pancreaticobiliary cytopathology. To better stratify intraductal and/or cystic neoplasms by cytologic grade, the neoplastic, other category was replaced by two new categories: pancreaticobiliary neoplasm, low‐risk/grade (PaN‐Low) and pancreaticobiliary neoplasm, high‐risk/grade (PaN‐High). Low‐grade malignancies were placed in the malignant category, and benign neoplasms were placed in the benign/negative for malignancy category.MethodsAn institutional pathology database search identified patients who underwent endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) for pancreatic lesions from January 2015 to April 2022. The absolute risk of malignancy (ROM) was determined by histologic and/or clinical follow‐up of at least 6 months, and overall survival rates were calculated across diagnostic categories, comparing the WHO and PSC systems.ResultsIn total, 1012 cases were reviewed and recategorized. The ROM for the WHO system was 8.3% for insufficient/inadequate/nondiagnostic, 3.2% for benign/negative for malignancy, 24.6% for atypical, 9.1% for PaN‐Low, 46.7% for PaN‐High, 75% for suspicious for malignancy, and 100% for malignant. Comparatively, the ROM for the PSC system was 7.4% for nondiagnostic, 3.0% for negative for malignancy, 23.1% for atypical, 0% for neoplastic, benign, 7.3% for neoplastic, other, 75% for suspicious for malignancy, and 100% for malignant. The WHO system demonstrated superior stratification for overall survival.ConclusionsThe WHO system significantly improves the stratification of ROM and overall survival across diagnostic categories by introducing the PaN‐Low and PaN‐High categories and reassigning low‐grade malignancies to the malignant category. Analyzing EUS‐FNA samples with the WHO system provides critical insights for guiding clinical management.
Research with Refugee Populations in North America: Applying the NIH Guiding Principles for Ethical Research
Authors: Aultman Julie M. , Zaaeed Najah , Payton Colleen , DiVito Brittany , Holland Tim , Atem Jacob 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThis article examines the ethics of research design and the initiation of a study (e.g., recruitment of participants) involving refugee participants. We aim to equip investigators and members of IRBs with a set of ethical considerations and pragmatic recommendations to address challenges in refugee‐focused research as it is developed and prepared for IRB review. We discuss challenges including how refugees are being defined and identified; their vulnerabilities before, during, and following resettlement that impacts their research participation; recruitment; consent practices including assent and unaccompanied minors; and conflicts of interest. Ethical guidance and regulatory oversight provided by international bodies, federal governments, and IRBs are important for enforcing the protection of participants. We describe the need for additional ethical guidance and awareness, if not special protections for refugee populations as guided by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Guiding Principles for Ethical Research.
Single IRB Review and Local Context Considerations: A Scoping Review
Authors: Morain Stephanie R. , Singleton Megan K. , Tsiandoulas Kate , Bollinger Juli , Sugarman Jeremy 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTA leading concern about single IRB (sIRB) review for multisite studies, as is now required by federal policies, is whether and how sIRBs consider local context in their review. While several types of local context considerations have been proposed, there is no shared agreement among those charged with the ethics oversight of human subjects research as to the goals and content of local context review, nor the types of research studies for which sIRB review might be inappropriate. Through a scoping review of published scholarship, public comments, and federal guidance documents, we identified five assumed goals for local context review: protecting the rights and welfare of local participants; ensuring compliance with applicable laws and policies; assessing feasibility; promoting the quality of research; and promoting procedural justice. While a variety of content was proposed to be relevant, it was largely grouped into four domains: population/participant‐level characteristics; investigator and research team characteristics; institution‐level characteristics; and state and local laws. Proposed characteristics for exclusion from sIRB requirements reflected both protection‐ and efficiency‐based concerns. These findings can inform ongoing efforts to assess the implications of policies mandating sIRB review, and when exceptions to those policies might be appropriate.
Patient‐Reported Outcome Measures in Routine Clinical Practice: Practical Guidance for Institutional Review Boards
Authors: Bachmann Justin M. , Shiflet Molly A. , Palacios Julia R. , Turer Robert W. , Wallace Grace H. , Rosenbloom S. Trent , Rice Todd W. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThe use of patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) is increasingly common in routine clinical practice. As tools to quantify symptoms and health status, PROMs play an important role in focusing health care on outcomes that matter to patients. The uses of PROM data are myriad, ranging from clinical care to survey‐based research and quality improvement. Discerning the boundaries between these use cases can be challenging for institutional review boards (IRBs). In this article, we provide a framework for classifying the three primary PROM use cases (clinical care, human subjects research, and quality improvement) and discuss the level of IRB oversight (if any) necessary for each. One of the most important considerations for IRB staff is whether PROMs are being used primarily for clinical care and thus do not constitute human subjects research. We discuss characteristics of PROMs implemented primarily for clinical care, focusing on: data platform; survey location; questionnaire length; patient interface; and clinician interface. We also discuss IRB oversight of projects involving the secondary use of PROM data that were collected during the course of clinical care, which span human subjects research and quality improvement. This framework provides practical guidance for IRB staff as well as clinicians who use PROMs as communication aids in routine clinical practice.
Rationale and Study Checklist for Ethical Rejection of Participants on Crowdsourcing Research Platforms
Authors: Agley Jon , Mumaw Casey , Johnson Bethany 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTOnline participant recruitment (“crowdsourcing”) platforms are increasingly being used for research studies. While such platforms can rapidly provide access to large samples, there are concomitant concerns around data quality. Researchers have studied and demonstrated means to reduce the prevalence of low‐quality data from crowdsourcing platforms, but approaches to doing so often involve rejecting work and/or denying payment to participants, which can pose ethical dilemmas. We write this essay as an associate professor and two institutional review board (IRB) directors to provide a perspective on the competing interests of participants/workers and researchers and to propose a checklist of steps that we believe may support workers' agency on the platform and lessen instances of unfair consequences to them while enabling researchers to definitively reject lower‐quality work that might otherwise reduce the likelihood of their studies producing true results. We encourage further, explicit discussion of these issues among academics and among IRBs.
Translational Bioethical Decision‐Making: Human Brain Organoids as a Case Study
Authors: Evans John H. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTIn an earlier essay, I advocated that translational bioethics uses the public's values, determined through social science, in its analysis of translational science technologies. It may be unclear what those values might be, and whether such a translational ethics would necessarily conclude that cutting edge technologies should not be developed. In this essay, I show the public's values relevant to human brain organoids and argue that a translational bioethics analysis using these values would support continued organoid research.