bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical case management and navigation for colonoscopy screening in an academic medical center
Authors: Cavanagh Mary F. , Lane Dorothy S. , Messina Catherine R. , Anderson Joseph C. 
Published: July 2013

BACKGROUNDOne of 5 nationally funded Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Screening Demonstration Programs, Project SCOPE, was conducted at an academic medical center and provided colonoscopy screening at no cost to underserved minority patients from local community health centers.METHODSEstablished barriers to CRC screening (eg, financial, language, transportation) among the target population were addressed through clinical coordination of care by key project staff. The use of a clinician with a patient navigator allowed for the performance of precolonoscopy “telephone visits” instead of office visits to the gastroenterologist in virtually all patients. The clinician elicited information relevant to making screening decisions (eg, past medical and surgical history, focused review of systems, medication/supplement use, CRC screening history). The patient navigator reduced barriers, including, but not limited to, scheduling, transportation, and physical navigation of the medical center on the day of colonoscopy.RESULTSPreprogram preparation was vital in laying groundwork for the project, yet enhancements to the program were ongoing throughout the screening period. Detailed referral forms from primary care physicians, coupled with information obtained during telephone interviews, facilitated high colonoscopy completion rates and excellent patient satisfaction. Similarly valuable was the employment of a bilingual patient navigator, who provided practical and emotional patient support.CONCLUSIONSAcademic medical centers can be efficient models for providing CRC screening to disadvantaged populations. Coordination of care by a preventive medicine department, directing the recruitment, scheduling, prescreening education, and the evaluation and preparation of target populations had an overall positive effect on CRC screening with colonoscopy among patients from a community health center. Cancer 2013;119(15 suppl):2894–904. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Clinical outcomes from the CDC's Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program
Authors: Seeff Laura C. , Royalty Janet , Helsel William E. , Kammerer William G. , Boehm Jennifer E. , Dwyer Diane M. , Howe William R. , Joseph Djenaba , Lane Dorothy S. , Laughlin Melinda , Leypoldt Melissa , Marroulis Steven C. , Mattingly Cynthia A. , Nadel Marion R. , Phillips‐Angeles Ellen , Rockwell Tanner J. , Ryerson A. Blythe , Tangka Florence K. L. 
Published: July 2013

BACKGROUNDColorectal cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer‐related deaths among US men and women. Screening rates have been slow to increase, and disparities in screening remain.METHODSTo address the disparity in screening for this high burden but largely preventable disease, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) designed and established a 4‐year Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program (CRCSDP) in 2005 for low‐income, under‐insured or uninsured men and women aged 50 to 64 years in 5 participating US program sites. In this report, the authors describe the design of the CRCSDP and the overall clinical findings and screening test performance characteristics, including the positive fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) rate; the rates of polyp, adenoma, and cancer detection with FOBTs and colonoscopies; and the positive predicative value for polyps, adenomas, and cancers.RESULTSIn total, 5233 individuals at average risk and increased risk were screened for colorectal cancer across all 5 sites, including 44% who underwent screening FOBT and 56% who underwent screening colonoscopy. Overall, 77% of all individuals screened were women. The FOBT positivity rate was 10%. Results from all screening or diagnostic colonoscopies indicated that 75% had negative results and required a repeat screening colonoscopy in 10 years, 16% had low‐risk adenomas and required surveillance colonoscopy in 5 to 10 years, 8% had high‐risk adenomas and required surveillance colonoscopy in 3 years, and 0.6% had invasive cancers.CONCLUSIONSThis report documents the successes and challenges in implementing the CDC's CRCSDP and describes the clinical outcomes of this 4‐year initiative, the patterns in program uptake and test choice, and the comparative test performance characteristics of FOBT versus colonoscopy. Patterns in final outcomes from the follow‐up of positive screening tests were consistent with national registry data. Cancer 2013;119(15 suppl):2820–33. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Assessing screening quality in the CDC's Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program
Authors: Nadel Marion R. , Royalty Janet , Shapiro Jean A. , Joseph Djenaba , Seeff Laura C. , Lane Dorothy S. , Dwyer Diane M. 
Published: July 2013

BACKGROUNDGaps in screening quality in community practice have been well documented. The authors examined recommended indicators of screening quality in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program (CRCSDP), which provided colorectal cancer screening and diagnostic services between 2005 and 2009 for asymptomatic, low‐income, underinsured, or uninsured individuals at 5 sites around the United States.METHODSFor each client screened in the CRCSDP, a standardized set of colorectal cancer clinical data elements was collected. Data regarding client age, screening history, risk level, screening test indication, results, and recommendation for the next test were analyzed. For colonoscopies, data were analyzed regarding whether the cecum was reached, bowel preparation was adequate, and identified lesions were completely removed.RESULTSOverall, 53% of the fecal occult blood tests (FOBTs) (2295 tests) distributed were completed and returned. At the 2 sites with adequate numbers of FOBTs, 77% and 97%, respectively, of clients with positive results received follow‐up colonoscopies. Site‐specific cecal intubation rates ranged from 90% to 98%. Adenoma detection rates were 32% for men and 21% for women. For approximately one‐third of colonoscopies, the recommended interval to the next test was shorter than recommended by national guidelines. At some sites, endoscopists failed to report on the adequacy of bowel preparation and completeness of polyp removal.CONCLUSIONSCecal intubation rates and adenoma detection rates met recommended levels. The authors identified the need for improvements in the follow‐up of positive FOBTs, documentation of important elements in colonoscopy reports, and recommendations for rescreening or surveillance intervals after colonoscopy. Monitoring quality indicators is important to improve screening quality. Cancer 2013;119(15 suppl):2834–41. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Panitumumab in combination with infusional oxaliplatin and oral capecitabine for conversion therapy in patients with colon cancer and advanced liver metastases
Authors: Leone Francesco , Artale Salvatore , Marino Donatella , Cagnazzo Celeste , Cascinu Stefano , Pinto Carmine , Fornarini Giuseppe , Tampellini Marco , Di Fabio Francesca , Sartore‐Bianchi Andrea , De Carlis Luciano , Pugliese Raffaele , Capussotti Lorenzo , Gioeni Luisa , Siena Salvatore , Aglietta Massimo 
Published: July 2013

BACKGROUNDPreoperative chemotherapy improves the outcome in patients with colorectal cancer with liver metastases. In the current study, the authors evaluated the activity of a conversion treatment with the combination of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) used in association with panitumumab in patients with unresectable, liver‐only, metastatic colon cancer.METHODSChemotherapy‐naive patients with unresectable liver metastases from colon cancer with no other metastatic disease sites were enrolled. All patients received upfront therapy with XELOX plus panitumumab (P‐XELOX) and were reevaluated for resectability every 4 cycles. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival, the percentage of patients whose disease became radically resectable, and the safety of the P‐XELOX combination.RESULTSA total of 49 patients were recruited, 35 of whom had wild‐type KRAS (wtKRAS) and 14 of whom (who were enrolled before study amendment) had unknown (9 patients) or mutated (5 patients) KRAS mutational status. Forty‐six patients were evaluable for response. After conversion P‐XELOX therapy, the ORR in the general population was 54%, with 2 complete responses, 23 partial responses, and 14 cases of stable disease. In patients with wtKRAS, the ORR of the patients reached 65% (2 CRs and 19 PRs), which allowed 15 patients with initial unresectable liver metastasis to be reclassified as having resectable disease. Survival analysis demonstrated a median progression‐free survival of 8.5 months and a median OS of 21.9 months. Patients who underwent surgery were found to have a significantly better OS when compared with those who did not undergo surgery (P < .001). Overall, toxicities were found to be predictable and manageable, with the most common being cutaneous, gastrointestinal, and neurologic toxicities.CONCLUSIONSConversion P‐XELOX therapy yields high response and resectability rates for patients with metastatic colon cancer with extensive liver involvement. Cancer 2013;119:3429–3435.. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
A Spirobifluorene Derivative as a Single‐Emitting Component for a Highly Efficient White Organic Electroluminescent Device
Authors: Wen Hsin‐Yi , Chao Chun‐Ming , Chang Mei‐Ying , Hsieh Chiung‐Wen , Hsieh Shu‐Chen 
Published: July 2013

AbstractWe describe how the morphology, photoluminescence (PL), and electroluminescence properties of 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis(pyren‐1‐yl)‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene (TPSBF) are related to its film thickness and how, under optimized conditions, the three main PL emissions constitute a form of white light. We fabricated high‐brightness, broad‐spectrum, white‐light organic light‐emitting diodes, incorporating a single emission layer of the blue‐light‐emitting material TPSBF, which comprises four pyrene units linked to a spirobifluorene core. An organic light‐emitting device with the configuration indium tin oxide (170 nm)/4,4′,4′′‐tris[N‐(2‐naphthyl)‐N‐phenylamino]triphenylamine (15 nm)/4,4′‐bis[N‐(1‐naphthyl)‐N‐phenylamino]biphenyl (65 nm)/TPSBF (50 nm)/tris(8‐hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (30 nm)/LiF (0.8 nm)/Al (200 nm) exhibited a broad‐spectrum white emission with a maximum luminescence and current efficiency of 57 680 cd m−2 and 6.51 cd A−1, respectively, and Commission International De l’Eclairage coordinates of (0.29,0.36).
Structure–Property Relationships of Fe4S4 Clusters
Authors: Bergeler Maike , Stiebritz Martin T. , Reiher Markus 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn this theoretical study, the sensitivity of Fe4S4 cluster properties, such as potential energy, spin coupling, adiabatic detachment energy, inner‐sphere reorganization energy, and reactivity, to structural distortions is investigated. [Fe4S4(SH)4]3−/2−/1− model clusters anchored by fixed hydrogen atoms are compared with Fe4S4 clusters coordinated by ethyl thiolates with fixations according to cysteine residues in crystal structures. For the model system, a dependence of the ground‐state spin‐coupling scheme on the hydrogen–hydrogen distances is observed. The minima of the potential energy surface of [Fe4S4(SH)4]2−/1− clusters are located at slightly smaller hydrogen–hydrogen distances than those of the [Fe4S4(SH)4]3− cluster. For inner‐sphere reorganization energies the spin‐coupling scheme adopted by the broken‐symmetry wave function plays an important role, since it can change the reorganization energies by up to 13 kcal mol−1. For most structures, [Fe4S4(SR)4]2− and [Fe4S4(SR)4]1− (R=H or ethyl, derived from cysteine) favor the same coupling scheme. Therefore, the reorganization energies for this redox couple are relatively low (6–12 kcal mol−1) compared with the 2−/3− redox couple favoring different spin‐coupling schemes before and after electron transfer (14–18 kcal mol−1). However, one may argue that more reliable reorganization energies are obtained if always the same spin‐coupling pattern is enforced. All theoretical observations and insights are discussed in the light of experimental results distilled from the literature.
Analytical modeling of Transmission Control Protocol NewReno using Generalized Stochastic Petri Nets
Authors: Vinayak Resham , Krishnaswamy Dilip , Dharmaraja Selvamuthu 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYThis paper presents a novel analytical model of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) using a generalized stochastic Petri net (GSPN). Extensive simulation work has been done for the performance evaluation of TCP NewReno protocol. In view of the limitations of the simulation technique, we present an analytical approach using GSPN. A GSPN is a useful mathematical tool that solves continuous time Markov chains for complex systems and evaluates the stationary behavior. In this paper, we analyze the slow‐but‐steady variant of TCP NewReno. The model captures the behavioral aspects of the slow start and the congestion avoidance phase together with the fast retransmit and recovery capabilities of TCP NewReno. Performance metrics such as throughput, goodput, and task completion time of the system are obtained. The effect of variation in the model parameters on the performance is studied. The results are validated using the network simulator, and their accuracy is verified by evaluating the confidence interval. The performance of the proposed model is compared with that of TCP Reno. The performance of the proposed model is also compared with one of the previous models. The numerical illustrations and comparison of the proposed technique with simulation validates the accuracy, efficiency, and competence of the GSPN technique. While GSPN modeling for TCP is investigated in depth for the TCP NewReno and TCP Reno variant in this paper, other protocols could be also analyzed similarly. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Alzheimer's Disease: from physiopathology to treatment implications
Authors: Moreira Rodrigo O. , Campos Stella C. , Soldera Ana L. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAlzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a disease characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and progressive β cell failure, and affected individuals are at increased risk to develop several forms of cognitive dysfunction, including AD. Different mechanisms have already been identified linking visceral obesity, IR and AD. Insulin resistance is associated with a decrease in glucose uptake by neurons, an increase in Amyloid β production and secretion, in the formation of senile plaques, and also in tau protein phosphorylation. Other mechanisms also include a decrease in Insulin Degrading Enzyme (IDE) activity and an increase in oxidative stress secondary to hyperglycemia. Taken together, these mechanisms suggest that drugs used to ameliorate hyperglycemia and IR may also have beneficial effects in diabetic patients with AD. Indeed, manuscripts investigating the effects of metformin, thiazolinediones, leptin, GLP‐1 therapies, insulin and bariatric surgery in cognition and AD have been published with very promising results, and may indicate an alternative approach for these patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Restrictive eating behaviors are a nonweight‐based marker of severity in anorexia nervosa
Authors: De Young Kyle P. , Lavender Jason M. , Steffen Kristine , Wonderlich Stephen A. , Engel Scott G. , Mitchell James E. , Crow Scott J. , Peterson Carol B. , Le Grange Daniel , Wonderlich Joseph , Crosby Ross D. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to compare the type and frequency of restrictive eating behaviors across the two subtypes of anorexia nervosa (AN; restricting [ANr] and binge eating/purging [ANbp]) using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and to determine whether subtype differences in restrictive eating behaviors were attributable to severity of the disorder or the frequency of binge eating.MethodParticipants (N = 118) were women at least 18 years of age with full (n = 59) or subthreshold (n = 59) AN who participated in a two week (EMA) protocol.ResultsGeneral estimating equations revealed that individuals with ANbp generally reported more frequent restrictive eating behaviors than individuals with ANr. These differences were mostly accounted for by greater severity of eating psychopathology, indicating that the presence and frequency of restrictive eating behaviors in AN may be nonweight‐based markers of severity. Binge eating frequency did not account for these findings.DiscussionThe present findings are especially interesting in light of the weight‐based severity rating in the DSM‐5. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2013; 46:849–854)
Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Push–Pull Structures Incorporating Diazines as Attracting Part with a Fluorene Core
Authors: Denneval Charline , Moldovan Oana , Baudequin Christine , Achelle Sylvain , Baldeck Patrice , Plé Nelly , Darabantu Mircea , Ramondenc Yvan 
Published: July 2013

AbstractWe report, herein, the synthesis of new push–pull chromophores that incorporate a diazine ring as the electron‐withdrawing part and an N,N‐dimethylaniline moiety as the electron‐donating part. Both of which are connected to a fluorene core. The length of the conjugated backbone was increased by incorporating ethynyl linkers and triazole rings on the both sides of the fluorene. The optical and two‐photon absorption (TPA) properties were investigated, which exhibitied high quantum yields (up to 70 %), significant Stokes shifts, and good TPA cross‐sections.
Total Synthesis of Carbazomycin G
Authors: Chakraborty Suchandra , Saha Chandan 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA concise total synthesis of carbazomycin G has been completed in five steps. Cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate (CAN)–SiO2‐mediated oxidation of 2‐methyl‐2,3,4,9‐tetrahydro‐1H‐ carbazol‐1‐one afforded a carbazole‐1,4‐quinone derivative, 2‐methyl‐1H‐carbazole‐1,4(9H)‐dione, the synthetic precusor, which on, which, on Thiele acetylation under newly developed HBF4 catalysis conditions, yielded 4‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐9H‐carbazole‐1,3‐diyl diacetate. Finally, CAN‐SiO2‐mediated oxidative hydrolysis of the acetylation product and O‐methylation using a stoichiometric amount of diazomethane and subsequent regioselective nucleophilic addition of methyllithium led to carbazomycin G.
Double Asymmetric Induction in Organocatalyzed Aldol Reactions: Total Synthesis of (+)‐2‐epi‐Hyacinthacine A2and (–)‐3‐epi‐Hyacinthacine A1
Authors: Marjanovic Jasna , Divjakovic Vladimir , Matovic Radomir , Ferjancic Zorana , Saicic Radomir N. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe stereodivergent synthesis of two hyacinthacine analogues, which relies on an organocatalyzed aldol addition, is described. The aldol addition of dioxanone to an α‐N‐carbobenzyloxy‐substituted chiral aldehyde, promoted by both (R)‐ and (S)‐proline, proceeds in reasonable yields with acceptable diastereomeric ratios. The success of the reaction may be due to the use of an acyclic aldehyde acceptor, which allows reagent control of the stereochemical outcome of the key aldolization step in both the matched and mismatched cases.
Preparation of Peptide Thioesters through Fmoc‐Based Solid‐Phase Peptide Synthesis by Using Amino Thioesters
Authors: Stuhr‐Hansen Nicolai , Wilbek Theis S. , Strømgaard Kristian 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAn effective procedure for the synthesis of peptide alkyl thioesters by 9‐fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) solid‐phase peptide synthesis was developed. The free C terminus of a fully protected peptide was coupled in solution with the free amino group of an amino thioester. This furnished the fully protected peptide thioester, which was globally deprotected to afford the desired unprotected peptide thioester. The method is compatible with labile groups such as phosphoryl and glycosyl moieties.
Selective and Simultaneous Voltammetric Determination of Glutathione, Uric Acid and Penicillamine by a Modified Carbon Nanotube Paste Electrode
Authors: Mazloum‐Ardakani Mohammad , Sheikh‐Mohseni Mohammad Ali , Mirjalili Bibi‐Fatemeh 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn this paper, the use of a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified by (E)‐3‐((2‐(2,4‐dinitrophenyl)hydrazono)methyl)benzene‐1,2‐diol (DHB) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for the determination of glutathione (GSH), uric acid (UA) and penicillamine (PA) is described. Initially, cyclic voltammetry was used to investigate the redox properties of the modified electrode in phosphate buffer. Next, the electrocatalytic oxidation of GSH via EC′ mechanism at the modified electrode was described. At the optimum pH of 7.0, the oxidation of GSH occurs at a potential that is 530 mV less positive than that of an unmodified carbon paste electrode. The values of the diffusion coefficient (D=2.5×10−6 cm2 s−1) and the catalytic rate constant (k=1.7×103 M−1 s−1) were calculated for GSH, using chronoamperometry. Based on differential pulse voltammetry, the oxidation of GSH exhibited a dynamic range between 0.4 and 700.0 µM and a detection limit (3σ) of 70.0 nM. Also, simultaneous determination of GSH, UA and PA was described at the modified electrode. Finally, this method was used for the determination of these substances in synthetic solutions and blood serum samples.
Nano‐Roughening a Pt Disk Microelectrode via Electrochemical Alloying‐Dealloying in Ionic Liquid Electrolyte
Authors: Jiang Junhua , Wang Xinying , Zhang Lei 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA green chemistry method to nano‐roughen a Pt disk microelectrode has been successfully developed via electrochemical alloying‐dealloying in an ionic liquid bath comprising of ZnCl2 and 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride. The nano‐roughened Pt layer possesses bark‐like nanoporous structures characteristic of nano‐sized aggregates separated by nano‐cracks whose width ranging from around 50 to 200 nm. The nano‐roughened microelectrode possesses high surface area and diffusional properties typical of a microelectrode. Electrochemical oxidation and reduction of nitrite have been studied as an example for demonstrating that the nano‐roughened microelectrode is a promising technique for electroanalysis and electrocatalysis applications.