bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid draft sequencing and real-time nanopore sequencing in a hospital outbreak of Salmonella
Authors: Quick Joshua , Ashton Philip , Calus Szymon , Chatt Carole , Gossain Savita , Hawker Jeremy , Nair Satheesh , Neal Keith , Nye Kathy , Peters Tansy , De Pinna Elizabeth , Robinson Esther , Struthers Keith , Webber Mark , Catto Andrew , Dallman Timothy J. , Hawkey Peter , Loman Nicholas J. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Background
Foodborne outbreaks of Salmonella remain a pressing public health concern. We recently detected a large outbreak of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis phage type 14b affecting more than 30 patients in our hospital. This outbreak was linked to community, national and European-wide cases. Hospital patients with Salmonella are at high risk, and require a rapid response. We initially investigated this outbreak by whole-genome sequencing using a novel rapid protocol on the Illumina MiSeq; we then integrated these data with whole-genome data from surveillance sequencing, thereby placing the outbreak in a national context. Additionally, we investigated the potential of a newly released sequencing technology, the MinION from Oxford Nanopore Technologies, in the management of a hospital outbreak of Salmonella.

Results
We demonstrate that rapid MiSeq sequencing can reduce the time to answer compared to the standard sequencing protocol with no impact on the results. We show, for the first time, that the MinION can acquire clinically relevant information in real time and within minutes of a DNA library being loaded. MinION sequencing permits confident assignment to species level within 20 min. Using a novel streaming phylogenetic placement method samples can be assigned to a serotype in 40 min and determined to be part of the outbreak in less than 2 h.

Conclusions
Both approaches yielded reliable and actionable clinical information on the Salmonella outbreak in less than half a day. The rapid availability of such information may facilitate more informed epidemiological investigations and influence infection control practices.
Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a negative regulator of chondrogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Karystinou Alexandra , Roelofs Anke J , Neve Anna , Cantatore Francesco P , Wackerhage Henning , De Bari Cosimo 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Introduction
The control of differentiation of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) is crucial for tissue engineering strategies employing MSCs. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the transcriptional co-factor Yes-associated protein (YAP) regulates chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs.

Methods
Expression of total YAP, its paralogue transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), and individual YAP transcript variants during in vitro chondrogenesis of human MSCs was determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). YAP expression was confirmed by western blotting. To determine the effect of high YAP activity on chondrogenesis, C3H10T1/2 MSC-like cells were transduced with human (h)YAP and treated in micromass with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). Chondrogenic differentiation was assessed by alcian blue staining and expression of chondrocyte-lineage genes. BMP signalling was determined by detection of pSmad1,5,8 by western blotting and expression of BMP target genes by quantitative RT-PCR. Finally, YAP and pYAP were detected in mouse embryo hindlimbs by immunohistochemistry.

Results
YAP, but not TAZ, was downregulated during in vitro chondrogenesis of human MSCs. One of the YAP transcript variants, however, was upregulated in high-density micromass culture. Overexpression of hYAP in murine C3H10T1/2 MSCs inhibited chondrogenic differentiation. High YAP activity in these cells decreased Smad1,5,8 phosphorylation and expression of the BMP target genes Inhibitor of DNA binding/differentiation (Id)1, Id2 and Id3 in response to BMP-2. In developing mouse limbs, Yap was nuclear in the perichondrium while mostly phosphorylated and cytosolic in cells of the cartilage anlage, suggesting downregulation of Yap co-transcriptional activity during physiological chondrogenesis in vivo.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that YAP is a negative regulator of chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs. Downregulation of YAP is required for chondrogenesis through derepression of chondrogenic signalling. Therapeutic targeting of YAP to promote cartilage repair and prevent secondary osteoarthritis is an exciting prospect in rheumatology.
Liraglutide effect in reducing HbA1c and weight in Arab population with type2 diabetes, a prospective observational trial
Authors: Bashier Alaaeldin M. K. , Hussain Azza Abdulaziz Khalifa Bin , Abdelgadir Elamin Ibrahim Elamin , Eltinay Ahmed Tarig , Thadani Puja , Abdalla Mohamed Elhassan , Abusnana Salah , AlAwadi Fatheya F. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Background
The pathophysiology of type2 diabetes differs between different ethnic groups. Asians develop type2 diabetes at younger age, lower body mass index, and in relatively short time. Not only that, some ethnicities have different responses and dosing regimens to different classes of anti-diabetic agents. Data from Japanese population showed that the optimal doses of liraglutide used are smaller than other population and that weight loss is not as effective as seen in Caucasians.

Methods
We aimed to assess liraglutide efficacy in reducing weight and HbA1c in Arab population when used as add on to other anti-diabetic agents. We prospectively followed patients who were recruited to treatment with liraglutide for a 6 months period; at the start of the study we checked patients’ demographics, weight, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, lipid panel, LFTs and creatinine. Patients were checked at 3 months and at the end of the study at 6 months.

Results
There was a significant reduction in weight at 3 and 6 months from a mean weight of 96.01 ± 19.2 kg to (94.8 ± 20 kg with (P < 0.001)) and 94.5 ± 19 kg with (p < 0.001) respectively. Mean HbA1c at baseline was 8.3 ± 1.7 % dropped to 7.7 ± 1.4 % (p < 0.001) at 3 months, and 7.6 + 1.6 % (p < 0.001) at 6 months.

Conclusions
Liraglutide is effective in reducing weight, HbA1c as well as other metabolic parameters in Arab population with type2 diabetes.

Trial registration
The trial is approved and registered with the Institutional Ethical Committee Board (Dubai Health Authority Medical Research Committee) under registration Number (MRC-08/2013_03).
Distributed manufacturing with 3-D printing: a case study of recreational vehicle solar photovoltaic mounting systems
Authors: Wittbrodt Ben , Laureto John , Tymrak Brennan , Pearce Joshua M 
Published: May 2015

AbstractFor the first time, low-cost open-source 3-D printing provides the potential for distributed manufacturing at the household scale of customized, high-value, and complex products. To explore the potential of this type of ultra-distributed manufacturing, which has been shown to reduce environmental impact compared to conventional manufacturing, this paper presents a case study of a 3-D printable parametric design for recreational vehicle (RV) solar photovoltaic (PV) racking systems. The design is a four-corner mounting device with the ability to customize the tilt angle and height of the standoff. This enables performance optimization of the PV system for a given latitude, which is variable as RVs are geographically mobile. The open-source 3-D printable designs are fabricated and analyzed for print time, print electricity consumption, mechanical properties, and economic costs. The preliminary results show distributed manufacturing of the case study product results in an order of magnitude reduction in economic cost for equivalent products. In addition, these cost savings are maintained while improving the functionality of the racking system. The additional electrical output for a case study RV PV system with improved tilt angle functionality in three representative locations in the U.S. was found to be on average over 20% higher than that for conventional mass-manufactured racking systems. The preliminary results make it clear that distributed manufacturing - even at the household level - with open-source 3-D printers is technically viable and economically beneficial. Further research is needed to expand the results of this preliminary study to other types of products.
Separation and reconstruction of simultaneous source data via iterative rank reduction
Authors: Cheng Jinkun , Sacchi Mauricio D. 
Published: May 2015

We have developed a rank-reduction algorithm based on singular spectrum analysis (SSA) that is capable of suppressing the interferences generated by simultaneous source acquisition. We evaluated an inversion scheme that minimizes the misfit between predicted and observed blended data in [Formula: see text] domain subject to a low-rank constraint that is applied to data in the [Formula: see text] domain. In particular, we developed an iterative algorithm by adopting the projected gradient method with the SSA filter acting as the projection operator. This method entails extracting small patches of data from a common receiver gather and organizing the spatial data at a given monochromatic frequency into a Hankel matrix. For the ideal unblended data, Hankel matrices extracted from the data are of low rank. The incoherent interferences in common-receiver domain caused by simultaneously fired shots increase the rank of the aforementioned Hankel matrices. Therefore, rank-reduction filtering is an effective way to annihilate source interferences while preserving the unblended signal. Through tests with synthetic examples, we found that the interference can be effectively suppressed by the proposed method. In addition, we found that the proposed algorithm can be modified to simultaneously cope with deblending and data recovery. A real survey acquired in the Gulf of Mexico was used to mimic a simultaneous-source acquisition with missing shot locations. The algorithm was able to recover the missing shot gathers from the blended acquisition with an improvement of the signal quality of approximately 12 dB.
Genome-wide RNAi screen for nuclear actin reveals a network of cofilin regulators
Authors: Dopie Joseph , Rajakylä Eeva K. , Joensuu Merja S. , Huet Guillaume , Ferrantelli Evelina , Xie Tiao , Jäälinoja Harri , Jokitalo Eija , Vartiainen Maria K. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
Nuclear actin plays an important role in many processes that regulate gene expression. Cytoplasmic actin dynamics are tightly controlled by numerous actin-binding proteins, but regulation of nuclear actin has remained unclear. Here, we performed a genome-wide RNA interference (RNAi) screen in Drosophila cells to identify proteins that influence either nuclear polymerization or import of actin. We validate 19 factors as specific hits, and show that Chinmo (known as Bach2 in mammals), SNF4Aγ (Prkag1 in mammals) and Rab18 play a role in nuclear localization of actin in both fly and mammalian cells. We identify several new regulators of cofilin activity, and characterize modulators of both cofilin kinases and phosphatase. For example, Chinmo/Bach2, which regulates nuclear actin levels also in vivo, maintains active cofilin by repressing the expression of the kinase Cdi (Tesk in mammals). Finally, we show that Nup98 and lamin are candidates for regulating nuclear actin polymerization. Our screen therefore reveals new aspects of actin regulation and links nuclear actin to many cellular processes.
Purification and characterization of GAD65-specific monoclonal autoantibodies
Authors: Jiang Wei , Macmillan Henriette , Madec Anne-Marie , Mellins Elizabeth D. 
Published: May 2015

Autoantibodies against antigens expressed by insulin-producing β cells are circulating in both healthy individuals and patients at risk of developing Type 1 diabetes. Recent studies suggest that another set of antibodies (anti-idiotypic antibodies) exists in this antibody/antigen interacting network to regulate auto-reactive responses. Anti-idiotypic antibodies may block the antigen-binding site of autoantibodies or inhibit autoantibody expression and secretion. The equilibrium between autoantibodies and anti-idiotypic antibodies plays a critical role in mediating or preventing autoimmunity. Herein, using GAD65/anti-GAD65 autoantibodies as a model system, we aimed at establishing reliable approaches for purification of highly pure autoantibodies for the downstream investigation of molecular mechanisms underlying such a network.
Między polityką a kulturową tradycją
Authors: Aleksandrowicz Joanna 
Published: May 2015

Between politics and cultural tradition. Basque Country in the films of Julio Medem
Julio Medem’s movies reflect the problem of Basque identity in unconventional way. Here we find an analysis of tensions between the regional authorities and the government in Madrid and the problem of terrorism as seen from the perspective of victims and the separatists themselves. At the same time, Medem shows a traditional Basque culture with its unique flavour and socio‑political determinants. This tradition is reflected also in contemporary narratives, where the characters who live far from Basque Country are named after divinities from the Basque mythology and in the most unexpected situations reveal attachment to their small homeland.
Oblicza kino "etno"
Authors: Kletowski Piotr 
Published: May 2015

The Dimensions of the “Ethno” Cinema
The main aim of the text is an introduction of phenomenon of the “Ethno” cinema, which present the cultural activity of defined ethnic groups. The main thesis of author is a thought that we can erease the division both on ethnographical cinema, as and on ethnic cinema. Similarly, in the ground of “Ethno” cinema we can forget about divison on “fiction” feature and “documentary” feature because the border between these forms are very flexible. The most important thing is the truth about processes of ethnical society, not the form of the message, which is only the way of analysis. The central figure for understanding of the “ethno” cinema is Jean the Rouch – the pioneer of modern ethnographical cinema who created the fundamental base of the “Ethno” cinema, both intellectual and formal. Ethnic cinema is realized everywhere, where society is diversified by ethnical factor. First of all in USA and in Europe, as well (especially in Balkans). On the ground of “Ethno” cinema there are a few directors who put inside perspective in portraying ethnic matters, in the spirit of Rouch’s postulats. In America there are Afro‑American directors such as Spike Lee. In Europe one of them is Tony Gatlif – a Roma filmmaker, who is the main representative of European Roma Cinema.
Czym jest naród Państwa Środka?
Authors: Golik Katarzyna 
Published: May 2015

What is Chinese Nation? Changing Narration of Ethnic Relations in Today’s China
Since the ancient times the non‑sinitic folks caused fear and were an object of disdain among the Chinese. In the twentieth‑century China the concept of a “nation” has been included in the state doctrine. Last three decades has brought a significant change in policy towards minorities, who had been politically incorporated to a “Chinese Nation”. This process was accompanied with an arising of the phenomenon of the „internal orientalism”. The idea of the “Chinese Nation” is present not only in the Chinese political thought but also in the education system and pop culture.
Narodziny mazurskiego regionalizmu autonomizacyjnego
Authors: Poniedziałek Jacek 
Published: May 2015

The Birth of a Masurian Autonomous Regionalism
The aim of this article is to describe Masurian Autonomy Movement. Members of the organisation would like to change status of a Warmia and Masuria voivodeship by separating Masuria as an autonomous region. It is said that Masuria is poor and underdeveloped because of its dependence on the government in Warsaw. They underline that being autonomous means having separate budget and tax system. What is more, Masuria should have autonomous regional parliament and their own independent policy which would not be contrary to the central Polish state policy. According to RAM, because of Masurian cultural difference region should have autonomous status which would enable to protect the regional culture. RAM represents type of regionalism called economic with political and cultural elements.
Zielone ludy Padanii
Authors: Golemo Karolina 
Published: May 2015

Green Folks of Padania. Tribal Fantasies and Economic Interests of the Italian Separatists
The article presents the genesis and the evolution of the Northern Italian separatist movement initially aiming at the foundation of the autonomist Padanian Republic. Among the main dimensions of the pro‑independence tendencies manifested by the members and followers of the Northern League party there are ethno‑linguistic diverseness and strong economic position which distinguishes the Northern regions of Italy from the rest of its territory. The article focuses on the analysis of both socio‑cultural and political‑economic backgrounds of the separatist tendencies. It underlines the special role of Celtic mythology and pagan symbols in the construction of the Padanian identity. The strategies of the political communication of the Northern League are described in relation to the Padanian rhetoric manifested through the electoral posters and slogans of the party.
Razem czy osobno?
Authors: Radowicz Joanna Aleksandra 
Published: May 2015

Together or Separately? Scottish Independence Tendencies
In 1707, the Act of Union formally united Scotland with England as Great Britain. Scotland retained its own legal system, churches and universities but all real political power moved to London. Scots have never accepted English domination. But the electoral success of New Labour in 1997 paved finally the way for Scottish needs to independence. On September 11, 1997 Labour government held a referendum on the issue of devolution. A positive outcome led to the elections of a devolved Scottish Parliament in 1999. Devolution made Scotland more independent from Westminster but also strengthened Scottish national identity and tendencies of separatism. On October 15, 2012 First Minister of Scotland Alex Salmond and British Prime Minister David Cameron have signed ‘Edinburgh agreement’ which enable to enact referendum on Scottish independence on September 18, 2014. That day Scots will decide whether they continue to be a part of the United Kingdom. The main purpose of this article is to present the Scottish independence tendencies in comparison to their history, national identity and devolution process.
Reviews DVD/Blu-ray
Authors: Bennett Logan , Collier Stuart , Warpole Kailyn N. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Alone in a Crowded Street: Martin Scorsese’s Taxi Driver
Taxi Driver (1976) USA Director Martin Scorsese Runtime 114 minutes
Blu-ray USA, 2011 Produced and Distributed by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment (region free, NTSC)
Three Films by Roberto Rossellini Starring Ingrid Bergman
Stromboli (1950) Italy Director Roberto Rossellini Runtime 106 minutes
Europe ’51 (1952) Italy Director Roberto Rossellini Runtime 109 minutes
Journey to Italy (1954) Italy Director Roberto Rossellini Runtime 85 minutes
DVD USA, 2013 Produced and Distributed by The Criterion Collection (region 1)
A Trip Across the Universe
Across the Universe (2007) USA Director Julie Taymor Runtime 133 minutes
DVD (2-Disc Deluxe Edition) USA, 2008 Produced and Distributed by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment (region 1)
Forecasting time series with multivariate copulas
Authors: Simard Clarence , Rémillard Bruno 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In this paper we present a forecasting method for time series using copula-based models for multivariate
time series. We study how the performance of the predictions evolves when changing the strength of
the different possible dependencies, as well as the structure of the dependence. We also look at the impact
of the marginal distributions. The impact of estimation errors on the performance of the predictions is also
considered. In all the experiments, we compare predictions from our multivariate method with predictions
from the univariate version which has been introduced in the literature recently. To simplify implementation,
a test of independence between univariate Markovian time series is proposed. Finally, we illustrate the
methodology by a practical implementation with financial data.
Production of Oil and Char by Intermediate Pyrolysis of Scrap Tyres: Influence on Yield and Product Characteristics
Authors: Acosta Rolando , Tavera Claudia , Gauthier-Maradei Paola , Nabarlatz Debora 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Scrap tyres represent a severe environmental problem that must be solved by developing technologies allowing the processing of high quantities of this residue. This work presents the results of pyrolysis oil and pyrolytic char production by intermediate pyrolysis of rubber recovered from scrap tyres. The influence of process variables such as particle size, temperature and reaction time on the characteristics of the products obtained was analysed. Maximal yields of 52.56 and 39.50 wt% of pyrolysis oil and pyrolytic char, respectively, were obtained, under operational conditions that favoured the production of pyrolysis oil. The products obtained were a pyrolytic char with a maximal surface area of 85.16 m2/g and fixed carbon content of 78.55 wt%; and pyrolysis oil with a higher heating value of 42.94 MJ/kg, real density of 0.948 g/mL, viscosity 2.29×10−3 Pa s and acidity between 0.39 and 1.57 mg KOH/g. The highest total aromatics (benzene, toluene, xylenes and ethylbenzene) yield in pyrolysis oil was obtained at a temperature of 466°C and volumetric gas flow of 155 NmL/min. In addition, at these conditions, the pyrolysis oil having the maximum aromatic yield showed the lowest acidity. Nevertheless, it was observed that the highest pyrolysis oil yield does not necessarily lead to a higher yield of aromatics.
Processing instruction on the Spanish passive with transfer-of-training effects to anaphoric and cataphoric reference contexts
Authors: Lee James F. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractTransfer-of-training effects with processing instruction have recently been reported in the literature. That is, L2 learners receive processing instruction on one particular linguistic item and, as a consequence of instruction, learners' performance improves not only on the particular linguistic item but on other linguistic items as well. The present study examines processing instruction on the Spanish passive, the word order of which places the patient in the grammatical role of subject in sentence initial position and the agent as the object of a preposition in sentence final position. The purpose of the study is to determine whether learners transfer the training they receive on processing the word order of passive sentences to their processing of sentences with anaphoric reference, specifically, accusative case pronouns for which the word order is O