bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of a supersonic wind tunnel diffuser using genetic algorithm
Authors: Farahat Said , Javadpour Seyyed Morteza , Hamidi Hesamodin Ebnodin , Kadivar Ebrahim 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to find the optimum design of diffuser of supersonic wind tunnel in order to access the minimum overall pressure drop in wind tunnel, using evolutionary algorithm.Design/methodology/approach– The authors developed a genetic algorithm (GA) code to calculate the shape of a diffuser with flexible walls in order to have the maximum pressure recovery. The two-dimensional turbulent and compressible flow was analyzed numerically using shear-stress transport and Advection Upstream Splitting Method (AUSM)+ turbulence models and its optimization with GA.Findings– The results of this study indicate that elitist GA promises a powerful method for optimization of the wind tunnel diffuser. Separation zone is reduced by 22.2 percent at the convergent part of diffuser and 56 percent at the divergent part of diffuser. The efficiency of new optimized wind tunnel diffuser increased by 83 percent in comparison to the sample of supersonic wind tunnel.Originality/value– It has been observed that AUSM+ method and shape design optimization using GA are robust and efficient technique to optimize wind tunnel diffuser.
Consistent crystal plasticity kinematics and linearization for the implicit finite element method
Authors: Messner Mark , Beaudoin Armand , Dodds Robert 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to describe several novel techniques for implementing a crystal plasticity (CP) material model in a large deformation, implicit finite element framework.

Design/methodology/approach
– Starting from the key kinematic assumptions of CP, the presentation develops the necessary CP correction terms to several common objective stress rates and the consistent linearization of the stress update algorithm. Connections to models for slip system hardening are isolated from these processes.

Findings
– A kinematically consistent implementation is found to require a correction to the stress update to include plastic vorticity developed by slip deformation in polycrystals. A simpler, more direct form for the algorithmic tangent is described. Several numerical examples demonstrate the capabilities and computational efficiency of the formulation.

Research limitations/implications
– The implementation assumes isotropic slip system hardening. With simple modifications, the described approach extends readily to anisotropic coupled or uncoupled hardening functions.

Practical implications
– The modular formulation and implementation support streamlined development of new models for slip system hardening without modifications of the stress update and algorithmic tangent computations. This implementation is available in the open-source code WARP3D.

Originality/value
– In the process of developing the CP formulation, this work realized the need for corrections to the Green-Naghdi and Jaumann objective stress rates to account properly for non-zero plastic vorticity. The paper describes fully the consistent linearization of the stress update algorithm and details a new scheme to implement the model with improved efficiency.
Invariants of mesoscale thermal conductivity and resistivity tensors in random checkerboards
Authors: Dalaq Ahmed S , Ranganathan Shivakumar I. 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to study the statistics of thermal conductivity and resistivity tensors in two-phase random checkerboard microstructures at finite mesoscales.

Design/methodology/approach
– Microstructures at finite scales are generated by randomly sampling an infinite checkerboard at 50 percent nominal fraction. Boundary conditions that stem from the Hill-Mandel homogenization condition are then applied as thermal loadings on these microstructures.

Findings
– It is observed that the thermal response of the sampled microstructures is in general anisotropic at finite mesoscales. Based on 1,728 boundary value problems, the statistics of the tensor invariants (trace and determinant) are obtained as a function of material contrast, mesoscale and applied boundary conditions. The histograms as well as the moments (mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis) of the invariants are computed and discussed. A simple analytical form for the variance of the trace of mesoscale conductivity tensor is proposed as a function of individual phase conductivities and the mesoscale.

Originality/value
– A rigorous methodology to determine the evolution of the invariants of thermal conductivity (and resistivity) tensors across a variety of length scales (microscale to macroscale) is presented. The objective is to enable setting up of constitutive equations applicable to heat conduction that are valid across all length scales.
Yield surfaces of heterogeneous media with debonded inclusions
Authors: Somer Deniz D. , Peric D , de Souza Neto Eduardo Alberto , Dettmer Wulf G 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present knowledge in estimating yield surfaces of heterogeneous media by use of homogenization, especially where the macroscopic behaviour is driven by weak interfaces between phase constituents.

Design/methodology/approach
– A computational homogenization procedure is used to determine the yield surface of a Representative Volume Element (RVE) that contains a fully debonded inclusion embedded within ideally plastic matrix, whereby the interface is modelled by a Coulomb type friction law.

Findings
– The macroscopic behaviour of the RVE is shown to coincide an RVE with a hole for expanding loads, whereas for compressive loads, it was shown to approach an RVE with a fully bonded inclusion.

Originality/value
– The present paper builds on Gurson’s work in estimating macroscopic yield surfaces of heterogeneous materials. The work is novel in the sense that there had been no previous publications discussing influence of weak interfaces on yield surfaces.
Predecessors competency framework for nurturing successors in family firms
Authors: Samei Hossein , Feyzbakhsh Alireza 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– Previous research indicates that a high percentage of family firms are not able to transfer to the next generation. This is, for the most part, due to poor succession. In this regard, the competency of the predecessor in nurturing a competent successor is a central issue. The purpose of this paper is to identify the predecessor competencies required to nurture a successor.

Design/methodology/approach
– The research applied a qualitative research methodology with a case study approach, whereby five large Iranian family firms which have maintained superior performance across generations were studied.

Findings
– The findings indicated that predecessor competencies required for successor nurturing are open-mindedness, risk-taking, patience, explicitness, motivation, trustworthiness, communicative skills, and value orientation. Cross-case analysis also revealed that successor attributes and family attributes influence the importance of the predecessor’s competencies.

Originality/value
– The literature suggests a number of attributes that predecessors require for nurturing the successor in family firms. However, previous studies have proven to be weak in doing a systematic study, from a competency-based approach, to find the required predecessor competencies based on the methods used to nurture the successor. Therefore, this research would be helpful in explaining the predecessor’s required competencies for nurturing the successor.
Team composition of new venture founding teams: does personality matter?
Authors: Zhou Wencang , Hu Huajing , Zey Michael 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– First, using the task-relationship dichotomy as a framework, the purpose of this paper is to examine the direct effects of team personality level and team personality diversity on new venture growth. Second, the study examines the interaction effects of team personality level and diversity on venture growth.Design/methodology/approach– The sample consisted of 154 teams in a technology incubator in China. Data were collected through an online survey.Findings– Results indicate that high level but low diversity of team task-oriented personality was beneficial for new venture founding teams. Diversity of team task-oriented personality would hurt the new venture growth more when the level of task-oriented personality was low. Relationship-oriented personality diversity, but not the level of relationship-oriented personality, influenced new venture growth.Research limitations/implications– These findings advance research in entrepreneurship, groups, and teams, and provide practical policy implications as well.Practical implications– This study provides practical implications for policy makers regarding what supports should be provided in incubators and for entrepreneurs regarding team member selection.Originality/value– This is one of the first papers to study the personality composition of new venture founding teams.
Business students’ attitudes toward business ethics: an empirical investigation in Vietnam
Authors: Pham Loan N.T , Nguyen Lam Dang , Favia Monica J 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to examine the attitudes toward business ethics of Vietnamese business students based on gender and the experience of having taken a business ethics course.Design/methodology/approach– A quantitative self-administered survey was conducted with a convenience sample of Vietnamese business students at a banking university in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. This study used the 30-item Attitudes Toward Business Ethics Questionnaire (ATBEQ) constructed by Neumann and Reichel (1987) based on the work of Stevens (1979). The Vietnamese version questionnaire was distributed, and 282 surveys were used for analysis. An item-by-item analysis was conducted based on gender and the experience of having taken a business ethics course.Findings– Significant differences were found on seven items based on gender and four items based on the experience of having taken a business ethics course. However, respondents appeared to have similar attitudes on the majority of the items.Research limitations/implications– Perhaps the greatest limitation of this study is the relatively uneven distribution of the respondents in the sample. The sample is skewed slightly toward women who are a bit older, fourth year or post-graduate and those who have not taken a business ethics course. In addition convenience sampling technique reduced its generalizability. This study is important because it supports the idea of ethics education to improve ethical decision-making of future business leaders and that education has an effect in Vietnam.Practical implications– As business students are the main subjects of this research, it can be useful for those involved in development of management and business education in Vietnam to have an overview on how gender impacts business students’ ethics perception. For the executives of multinational corporations, this study provides important information and adds support to a decision to do business in Vietnam.Social implications– Although there may be a perception of a less than ethical climate in Vietnam based on its Corruption Perception Index scores, it appears that Vietnamese business students in general express an ethical viewpoint. This study emphasizes the importance of ethics education that is culture-specific to build a strong ethical business environment that can help Vietnam prevent bribery and corruption and achieve sustainable growth and prosperity.Originality/value– This study contributes to the attitudes toward business ethics research and sheds light on the impact of gender and education (business ethics course) on Vietnamese business students’ ethical attitudes. There has been little research on business ethics in Vietnam. Academicians, managers, practitioners, policymakers, government leaders and the like can benefit from the findings of this paper.
Major event and city branding
Authors: Liu Yi-De 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to explore the effectiveness of a key branding campaign, based on a case study of Liverpool as the 2008 European Capital of Culture. Branding is a popular practice adopted by many cities in the context of intensified tourism competition.

Design/methodology/approach
– This study looks at quantitative data collected from an on-street face-to-face survey in 2008. In total, 611 questionnaires were distributed to and collected from local residents, visitors from the immediate hinterland, domestic tourists and overseas visitors.

Findings
– The analysis is done, first by investigating respondents’ impression on the Liverpool 08 brand and the branding campaign, and then by exploring the effects of the campaign. The positioning of Liverpool compared with other similar cities is addressed in the end.

Originality/value
– Event marketers need to be aware that visitor perceptions of the event’s branding are unlikely to be homogeneous. This could have significant implications on the design of brand and branding campaign and, then, affect whether the city could be effectively marketed.
Do stakeholders or social obligations drive corporate social and environmental responsibility reporting? Managerial views from a developing country
Authors: Hossain Md Moazzem , Alam Manzurul , Islam Muhammad Azizul , Hecimovic Angela 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to explore senior managers’ perception and motivations of corporate social and environmental responsibility (CSER) reporting in the context of a developing country, Bangladesh.Design/methodology/approach– In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 senior managers of companies listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange. Publicly available annual reports of these companies were also analysed.Findings– The results indicate that senior managers perceive CSER reporting as a social obligation. The study finds that the managers focus mostly on child labour, human resources/rights, responsible products/services, health education, sports and community engagement activities as part of the social obligations. Interviewees identify a lack of a regulatory framework along with socio-cultural and religious factors as contributing to the low level of disclosures. These findings suggest that CSER reporting is not merely stakeholder-driven, but rather country-specific social and environmental issues play an important role in relation to CSER reporting practices.Research limitations/implications– This paper contributes to engagement-based studies by focussing on CSER reporting practices in developing countries and are useful for academics, practitioners and policymakers in understanding the reasons behind CSER reporting in developing countries.Originality/value– This paper addresses a literature “gap” in the empirical study of CSER reporting in a developing country, such as Bangladesh. This study fills a gap in the existing literature to understand managers’ motivations for CSER reporting in a developing country context. Managerial perceptions on CSER issues are largely unexplored in developing countries.
Scleroderma en coup de sabre with recurrent episodes of brain hemorrhage
Authors: Takahashi Takehiro , Asano Yoshihide , Oka Tomonori , Miyagaki Tomomitsu , Tamaki Zenshiro , Nonaka Senshu , Sato Shinichi 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe report a 39‐year‐old man referred to our facility with linear sclerotic lesions along the several Blaschko's lines of the scalp. A year before the referral, he had had an episode of brain hemorrhage, although there was no evidence of vascular malformation or any other risk factors of brain hemorrhage for his young age. On the diagnosis of scleroderma en coup de sabre, prednisolone intake was initiated, and the skin lesions were well controlled. However, in the course of our follow up, he had another episode of brain hemorrhage, again without any evidence of cerebral vascular abnormalities. Organic intracranial abnormalities in this disease are well‐documented, but there have been few reports on comorbid recurrent brain hemorrhages. We herein discuss the possible relationship of the skin lesions with the brain hemorrhages in our case, taking notice of the implication of developmental abnormalities behind these apparently independent phenomena inside and outside the cranium.
HSP60 overexpression increases the protein levels of the p110α subunit of phosphoinositide 3‐kinase and c‐Myc
Authors: Yan Feng‐Qin , Wang Jian‐Qiu , Tsai Ya‐Ping , Wu Kou‐Juey 
Published: July 2015

SummaryHeat shock protein 60 (HSP60) is a chaperone protein which plays an essential role in facilitating the folding of many newly synthesized proteins to reach their native forms. Increased HSP60 expression is observed in various types of human cancers. However, proteins induced by HSP60 to mediate transformation remain largely unknown. Here we show that HSP60 overexpression increases the protein levels of the p110α subunit of phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K). The amino acid domain 288‐383 of HSP60 is used to increase the protein levels. Overexpression of HSP60 also induces the levels of phosphorylated Akt. In addition, the amino acid domain 288‐383 of HSP60 is used to induce c‐Myc expression. Finally, a mono‐ubiquitinated form of β‐catenin has a higher activity to activate β‐catenin downstream targets compared to wild‐type β‐catenin. These results indicate that HSP60 overexpression induces the levels or activity of multiple oncogenic proteins to mediate transformation.
Neuroprotective effects of a novel translocator protein (18 kDa) ligand, ZBD‐2, against focal cerebral ischemia and NMDA‐induced neurotoxicity
Authors: Li Xu‐Bo , Guo Hong‐Liang , Shi Tian‐Yao , Yang Le , Wang Min , Zhang Kun , Guo Yan‐Yan , Wu Yu‐Mei , Liu Shui‐Bing , Zhao Ming‐Gao 
Published: July 2015

SummaryLigands of the translocator protein (18 kDa) (TSPO) have demonstrated rapid anxiolytic efficacy in stress responses and stress‐related disorders. This protein is involved in the synthesis of endogenous neurosteroids including pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, and progesterone. These neurosteroids promote γ‐aminobutyric acid‐mediated neurotransmission in the central neural system (CNS). A TSPO ligand, N‐benzyl‐N‐ethyl‐2‐(7,8‐dihydro‐7‐benzyl‐8‐oxo‐2‐phenyl‐9H‐purin‐9‐yl) acetamide (ZBD‐2) was recently synthesized. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of ZBD‐2 and. In cultured cortical neurons, treatment with ZBD‐2 attenuated excitotoxicity induced by N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) exposure. It significantly decreased the number of apoptotic cells by downregulating GluN2B‐containing NMDA receptors (NMDARs), the ratio of Bax/Bcl‐2, and levels of pro‐caspase‐3. Systemic treatment of ZBD‐2 provided significant neuroprotection in mice subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion. These findings provide direct evidence that neuroprotection by ZBD‐2 is partially mediated by inhibiting GluN2B‐containing NMDA receptor‐mediated excitotoxicity.
The value of male human papillomavirus vaccination in preventing cervical cancer and genital warts in a low‐resource setting
Authors: Sharma M , Sy S , Kim JJ 
Published: July 2015

ObjectiveTo estimate health benefits and incremental cost‐effectiveness of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination of pre‐adolescent boys and girls compared with girls alone for preventing cervical cancer and genital warts.DesignModel‐based economic evaluation.SettingSouthern Vietnam.PopulationMales and females aged ≥9 years.MethodsWe simulated dynamicHPVtransmission to estimate cervical cancer and genital warts cases. Models were calibrated to epidemiological data from south Vietnam.Main outcome measuresIncremental cost‐effectiveness ratios (ICERs): cost per quality‐adjusted life‐year (QALY).ResultsVaccinating girls alone was associated with reductions in lifetime cervical cancer risk ranging from 20 to 56.9% as coverage varied from 25 to 90%. Adding boys to the vaccination programme yielded marginal incremental benefits (≤3.6% higher absolute cervical cancer risk reduction), compared with vaccinating girls alone at all coverages. At ≤25 international dollars (I$) per vaccinated adolescent (I$5 per dose),HPVvaccination of boys was below the threshold of Vietnam's per‐capitaGDP(I$2800), withICERs ranging from I$734 perQALYat 25% coverage to I$2064 perQALYfor 90% coverage. Including health benefits from averting genital warts yielded more favourableICERs, and vaccination of boys at I$10/dose became cost‐effective at or below 75% coverage. Using a lower cost‐effectiveness threshold of 50% of Vietnam'sGDP(I$1400), vaccinating boys was no longer attractive at costs above I$5 per dose regardless of coverage.ConclusionVaccination of boys may be cost‐effective at low vaccine costs, but provides little benefit over vaccinating girls only. Focusing on achieving high vaccine coverage of girls may be more efficient for southern Vietnam and similar low‐resource settings.Tweetable abstractLimited cervical cancer reduction from including boys inHPVvaccination of girls in low‐resource settings.
Video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery in the treatment of non‐small‐cell lung cancer complicated with left atrial tumor thrombus
Authors: Xiao Fei , Bao Tong , Chen Jingyu , Liang Chaoyang , Ye Zhidong , Guo Yongqing 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe report a case of pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma complicated with a tumor thrombus in the left atrium. The left atrial tumor thrombus, together with the left lower lobe, was removed via complete video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), with cardiopulmonary bypass standby. The patient recovered well from surgery, received four cycles of postoperative chemotherapy, and is now under follow‐up at the outpatient clinic. Although the optimal treatment is still controversial, simultaneous VATS and atriotomy under the premise of preoperative evaluation of the thrombus, including size and extent, might prevent systemic embolization and sudden death, alleviate the wound, promote postoperative rehabilitation, and improve prognosis in selected patients.
Solitary pulmonary metastasis from occult papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Kaseda Kaoru , Watanabe Ken‐ichi , Sakamaki Hiroyuki , Kazama Akio 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPulmonary metastases from thyroid carcinoma typically cause a micronodular or miliary pattern throughout both lungs. Metastasis consisting of a solitary pulmonary nodule measuring 20 mm in diameter is rare. Here we report a case of a 66‐year‐old woman without a history of papillary thyroid carcinoma who presented with a pulmonary nodule measuring 20 mm in diameter, found on chest computed tomography during a health checkup. The patient underwent a right lobectomy. Microscopic examination showed well‐differentiated papillary adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemical findings were consistent with a diagnosis of pulmonary metastasis from papillary thyroid carcinoma. Solitary metastasis to the lung from occult thyroid carcinoma is quite rare, but if a pulmonary nodule is encountered in a patient without a history of thyroid carcinoma, the possibility must be considered.