bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FTIR microspectroscopy of selected rare diverse sub‐variants of carcinoma of the urinary bladder
Authors: Hughes Caryn , Iqbal‐Wahid Junaid , Brown Michael , Shanks Jonathan H. , Eustace Amanda , Denley Helen , Hoskin Peter J. , West Catharine , Clarke Noel W. , Gardner Peter 
Published: November 2012

AbstractUrothelial carcinomas of the bladder are a heterogeneous group of tumours, although some histological sub‐variants are rare and sparsely reported in the literature. Diagnosis of sub‐variants from conventional urothelial carcinoma can be challenging, as they may mimic the morphology of other malignancies or benign tumours and therefore their distinction is important. For the first time, the spectral pathology of some of these sub‐variants has been documented by infrared microspectroscopy and an attempt made to profile their biochemistry. It is important not only to identify and separate the cancer‐associated epithelial tissue spectra from common tissue features such as stroma or blood, but also to detect the signatures of tumour sub‐variants. As shown, their spectroscopic signals can change dramatically as a consequence of differentiation. Example cases are discussed and compared with histological evaluations. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Molecular photoacoustic tomography of breast cancer using receptor targeted magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as contrast agents
Authors: Xi Lei , Grobmyer Stephen R. , Zhou Guangyin , Qian Weiping , Yang Lily , Jiang Huabei 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn this report, we present a breast imaging technique combining high‐resolution near‐infrared (NIR) light induced photoacoustic tomography (PAT) with NIR dye‐labeled amino‐terminal fragments of urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) targeted magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (NIR830‐ATF‐IONP) for breast cancer imaging using an orthotopic mouse mammary tumor model. We show that accumulation of the targeted nanoparticles in the tumor led to photoacoustic contrast enhancement due to the high absorption of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP). NIR fluorescence images were used to validate specific delivery of NIR830‐ATF‐IONP to mouse mammary tumors. We found that systemic delivery of the targeted IONP produced 4‐ and 10‐fold enhancement in photoacoustic signals in the tumor, compared to the tumor of the mice that received non‐targeted IONP or control mice. The use of targeted nanoparticles allowed imaging of tumors located as deep as 3.1 cm beneath the normal tissues. Our study indicates the potential of the combination of photoacoustic tomography and receptor‐targeted NIR830‐ATF‐IONP as a clinical tool that can provide improved specificity and sensitivity for breast cancer detection. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An in vitro study of the photodynamic effect of rose bengal on trichophyton rubrum
Authors: Cronin Leah , Moffitt Michelle , Mawad Damia , Morton Oliver C. , Lauto Antonio , Stack Colin 
Published: November 2012

AbstractOnychomycosis, a fungal infection of the finger or toenails, is predominantly caused by Trichophyton rubrum. Treatment is difficult due to high recurrence rates and problems with treatment compliance. For these reasons, alternative therapies are needed. Here we describe the photoactivation of Rose Bengal (RB) using a green laser (λ = 532 nm) at fluences of 68, 133 and 228 J/cm2, and assess its fungicidal activity on T. rubrum spore suspensions. A 140 µM RB solution was able to induce a fungicidal effect on T. rubrum when photosensitized with the fluence of 228 J/cm2. RB photosensitization using a green laser provides a potential novel treatment for T. rubrum infections. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Silk fibroin‐based scaffolds for bone regeneration
Authors: Kuboyama Noboru , Kiba Hideo , Arai Kiyoshi , Uchida Ryoichiro , Tanimoto Yasuhiro , Bhawal Ujjal K. , Abiko Yoshimitsu , Miyamoto Sayaka , Knight David , Asakura Tetsuo , Nishiyama Norihiro 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPorous scaffolds were prepared using regenerated Bombyx mori silk fibroin dissolved in water or hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP). The effects of these two preparations on the formation and growth of new bone on implantation into the rabbit femoral epicondyle was examined. The aqueous‐based fibroin (A‐F) scaffold exhibited significantly greater osteoconductivity as judged by bone volume, bone mineral content, and bone mineral density at the implant site than the HFIP‐based fibroin (HFIP‐F) scaffold. Micro‐CT analyses showed that the morphology of the newly formed bone differed significantly in the two types of silk fibroin scaffold. After 4 weeks of implantation, new trabecular bone was seen inside the pores of the A‐F scaffold implant while the HFIP‐F scaffold only contained necrotic cells. No trabecular bone was seen within the pores of the latter scaffolds, although the pores of these did contain giant cells and granulation tissue. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2013.
American society for apheresis white paper: Considerations for medical staff apheresis medicine physician credentialing and privileging
Authors: Andrzejewski, Chester , Linz Walter , Hofmann Jan , O'Doherty Una , Robinson Richard S. , Arepally Gowthami M. , Golden Patricia 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIntroduction: Physician supervision of apheresis contributes to safe and high‐quality patient care. Literature is limited regarding the requirements for hospital privileges of physicians providing apheresis services. This report provides recommendations from the American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) regarding this topic. Materials and Methods: The ASFA Public Affairs Committee was charged by the society's Board of Directors (BOD) to work collaboratively with other ASFA committees to develop guidance pertaining to requirements for hospital privileges of physicians in apheresis medicine. After review of the literature and discussions with members from diverse practice environments, draft guidance was created and circulated among pertinent parties for comment and revision. The final document, approved by the BOD in 2011, is presented herein. Results: Assurance of patient safety was the paramount focus in the deliberations. Establishment and maintenance of physician competency in the discipline of apheresis medicine, and the documentation thereof, were consensus priorities. The importance of care teams involving non‐physicians and the support structures within hospitals were also identified as other important contributors to patient safety. Conclusion: Patient safety during therapeutic apheresis involves both practitioners' and institutional provision of care aspects. Physician training experiences, medical licensing, and board certification status, along with continuing medical education and participation in risk management/patient safety projects are characteristic facets of physician competency in the provision of quality apheresis medicine interventions. Documentation of such indicators may help in medical staff deliberations regarding physician privileging in the oversight and management of apheresis medicine activities in hospitals. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Relationships Among Identity, Perceived Discrimination, and Depressive Symptoms in Eight Ethnic‐Generational Groups
Authors: Donovan Roxanne A. , Huynh Que‐Lam , Park Irene J. K. , Kim Su Yeong , Lee Richard M. , Robertson Emily 
Published: November 2012

ObjectiveExamine whether personal identity confusion and ethnic identity, respectively, moderate and/or mediate the relationship between perceived discrimination (PD) and depressive symptoms (DS) in eight ethnic‐generational groups.MethodThe sample consisted of 9665 students (73% women; mean age 20.31) from 30 colleges and universities from around the United States. Cross‐sectional data were gathered through a confidential online survey.ResultsAcross groups, PD and ethnic identity levels varied, while identity confusion levels were mostly similar. Neither identity confusion nor ethnic identity moderated the PD‐DS relationship for any groups. However, identity confusion was a partial mediator for immigrant and nonimmigrant Hispanic/Latino(a) and White/European American participants. Identity confusion also suppressed the PD‐DS relationship for Black/African American participants.ConclusionsResults highlight the need for additional research on identity confusion's role in the PD‐distress link and the importance of addressing ethnicity and generation status when examining the effects of PD on college students’ mental health.
Effect of metformin treatment on endometrial vascular indices in anovulatory obese/overweight women with polycystic ovarian syndrome using three‐dimensional power doppler ultrasonography
Authors: Mohsen Iman Abdel , Elkattan Eman , Nabil Hala , Khattab Sherif 
Published: November 2012

PurposeMetformin has been shown to be an effective treatment for anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients in terms of menstrual cyclicity, ovulation, and pregnancy, as well as reduction of early miscarriage rate. The aim of the study is to assess the effect of metformin on the endometrial vascular indices in anovulatory obese PCOS women using three‐dimensional power Doppler sonography (3DPDUS).MethodsA prospective study was set to determine the beneficial effects of metformin on PCOS patients. Fifty anovulatory obese PCOS patients were compared with another 50 healthy volunteers who were age‐ and body mass index‐matched (control group). PCOS patients were treated with metformin (Glucophage; MerckSerono) 850 mg 3 times a day for 6 months. Assessment of the endometrial thickness and volume, uterine Doppler indices, and Doppler vascular indices of the endometrium and subendometrium in the periovulatory and midluteal phases were performed with 3DPDUS.ResultsThere was a significant increase in the endometrial thickness, endometrial volume, and endometrial and subendometrial vascularity indices (vascularization index, flow index, vascularization flow index) after 6 months of metformin treatment in PCOS women, whereas there was no change in the resistance index and the pulsatility index of the uterine artery in both periovulatory and midluteal phases.ConclusionsMetformin, owing to its metabolic, endocrine, vascular, and anti‐inflammatory effects, improves markers of endometrial receptivity. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 41:275–282, 2013
Characterization of the cardiac response to a low and high dose of dobutamine in the mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy by MRI in vivo
Authors: Tyrankiewicz Urszula , Skorka Tomasz , Jablonska Magdalena , Petkow‐Dimitrow Pawel , Chlopicki Stefan 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPurpose:To assess the cardiac response to low (0.15–0.5 mg/kg i.p.) and high (1.5–20 mg/kg i.p.) doses of dobutamine in Tgαq*44 mice with dilated cardiomyopathy at the stage of advanced heart failure.Materials and Methods:Inotropic, lusitropic, and chronotropic response to β1‐adrenergic stimulation was assessed by the cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol based on the electrocardiogram (ECG)‐triggered bright‐blood images of one midventricular short‐axis slice.Results:In wildtype mice increasing doses of dobutamine resulted in subsequent increase in the left ventricular function and heart rate acceleration, but significant inotropic, lusitropic, and chronotropic cardiac response was observed only after high doses of dobutamine, what is typical. In the Tgαq*44 mice low doses of dobutamine significantly increased inotropic and lusitropic cardiac performance without chronotropic changes. An increased heart rate was observed only after high doses of dobutamine, but then inotropic and lusitropic cardiac functional reserve was lost.Conclusion:We described MRI stress test protocol based on a low and high dose of dobutamine induced response that proves useful in revealing alternation in cardiac function in mice with heart failure. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;37:669–677. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Aortic pulse wave velocity measurements with undersampled 4D flow‐sensitive MRI: comparison with 2D and algorithm determination
Authors: Wentland Andrew L. , Wieben Oliver , François Chris J. , Boncyk Christina , Munoz Del Rio Alejandro , Johnson Kevin M. , Grist Thomas M. , Frydrychowicz Alex 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPurpose:To compare pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurements obtained from radially undersampled 4D phase‐contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC‐MRI) with 2D PC measurements and to evaluate four PWV algorithms.Materials and Methods:PWV was computed from radially undersampled 3D, 3‐directionally velocity‐encoded PC‐MRI (4D) acquisitions performed on a 3T MR scanner in 18 volunteers. High temporal resolution 2D PC scans serving as a reference standard were available in 14 volunteers. Four PWV algorithms were tested: time‐to‐upstroke (TTU), time‐to‐peak (TTP), time‐to‐foot (TTF), and cross‐correlation (XCorr). Bland–Altman analysis was used to determine inter‐ and intraobserver reproducibility and to compare differences between algorithms. Differences in age and PWV measurements were analyzed with Student's t‐tests. The variability of age‐corrected data was assessed with a Brown‐Forsythe analysis of variance (ANOVA) test.Results:2D (4.6–5.3 m/s) and 4D (3.8–4.8 m/s) PWV results were in agreement with previously reported values in healthy subjects. Of the four PWV algorithms, the TTU, TTF, and XCorr algorithms gave similar and reliable results. Average biases of +0.30 m/s and −0.01 m/s were determined for intra‐ and interobserver variability, respectively. The Brown‐Forsythe test revealed that no differences in variability could be found between 2D and 4D PWV measurements.Conclusion:4D PC‐MRI with radial undersampling provides reliable and reproducible measurements of PWV. TTU, TTF, and XCorr were the preferred PWV algorithms. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;37:853–859. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD) contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for prediction of breast cancer chemotherapy response: A pilot study
Authors: Jiang Lan , Weatherall Paul T. , McColl Roderick W. , Tripathy Debu , Mason Ralph P. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPurpose:To determine whether a simple noninvasive method of assessing tumor oxygenation is feasible in the clinical setting and can provide useful, potentially predictive information. Tumor microcirculation and oxygenation play critical roles in tumor growth and responsiveness to cytotoxic treatment and may provide prognostic indicators for cancer therapy. Deoxyhemoglobin is paramagnetic and can serve as an endogenous contrast agent causing signal loss in echo planar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (blood oxygenation level‐dependent [BOLD]‐MRI). We used BOLD‐MRI to provide early evaluation of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer.Materials and Methods:MRI was performed on 11 patients with biopsy‐proven malignancy. MRI exams were scheduled before, during, and after chemotherapy. The BOLD study applied a 6‐minute oxygen breathing challenge.Results:Seven patients successfully completed the exams. Before chemotherapy, BOLD contrast enhancement was observed in all tumors, but the patients, who ultimately had complete pathological response, exhibited a significantly higher BOLD response to oxygen breathing.Conclusion:We have successfully implemented an oxygen‐breathing challenge BOLD contrast technique as part of the standard breast MRI exam in patients with locally advanced breast cancer. The preliminary observation that a large BOLD response correlated with better treatment response suggests a predictive capability for BOLD MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;37:1083–1092. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hyperpolarized helium‐3 magnetic resonance imaging of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation
Authors: Kirby Miranda , Kanhere Nikhil , Etemad‐Rezai Roya , McCormack David G. , Parraga Grace 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exsmoker underwent pulmonary function tests and hyperpolarized helium‐3 (3He) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) serially over 4 years, twice prior to and twice following an acute exacerbation (AE). About 2.5 years pre‐AE, 3He ventilation defect percent (VDP) was 16%, the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was 0.34 cm2/s, and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) was 41%pred. Six months pre‐AE, VDP and ADC were worse (29% and 0.38 cm2/s, respectively) without worsening FEV1 (47%pred). After hospitalization and AE treatment, VDP was 20%, whereas FEV1 did not improve (45%pred); 16 months post‐AE, both VDP and ADC remained improved and similar to 4 years prior. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;37:1223–1227. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Basic results for functional differential and dynamic equations involving impulses
Authors: Federson Márcia , Mesquita Jaqueline Godoy , Slavík Antonín 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe study the relation between measure functional differential equations, impulsive measure functional differential equations, and impulsive functional dynamic equations on time scales. For both types of impulsive equations, we obtain results on the existence and uniqueness of solutions, continuous dependence, and periodic averaging. Along the way, we also clarify the relation between time scale integrals and Kurzweil‐Henstock‐Stieltjes integrals.
A novel β‐nucleating agent for isotactic polypropylene
Authors: Ma Yu‐jie , Xin Mingliang , Xu Kai , Chen Mingcai 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe nucleating ability of p‐cyclohexylamide carboxybenzene (β‐NA) towards isotactic polypropylene (iPP) was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction, polarized optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. β‐NA is identified to have dual nucleating ability for α‐iPP and β‐iPP under appropriate kinetic conditions. The formation of β‐iPP is dependent on the content of β‐NA. The content of β‐phase can reach as high as 96.96% with the addition of only 0.05 wt% β‐NA. Under non‐isothermal crystallization the content of β‐iPP increases with increasing cooling rate. The maximum β‐crystal content is obtained at a cooling rate of 40 °C min–1. The supermolecular structure of the β‐iPP is identified as a leaf‐like transcrystalline structure with an ordered lamellae arrangement perpendicular to the special surface of β‐NA. Under isothermal crystallization β‐crystals can be formed in the temperature range 80–140 °C. The content of β‐crystals reaches its maximum value at a crystallization temperature of 130 °C. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Ivabradine (Procoralan): new treatment for chronic heart failure
Authors: Chaplin Steve , Davis Russell 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIvabradine (Procoralan) is a new treatment for heart failure in patients in sinus rhythm with a heart rate ≥75bpm. In our New products review, Steve Chaplin presents the clinical data relating to its efficacy and adverse events and Dr Russell Davis discusses its place in treatment.
The roles of thermalized and hot carrier diffusion in determining light yield and proportionality of scintillators
Authors: Grim J. Q. , Li Q. , Ucer K. B. , Burger A. , Bizarri G. A. , Moses W. W. , Williams R. T. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractNumerical modeling and comparison to experiment in the materials for which suitable parameters have been measured confirm that three of the most important material parameters for predicting proportionality and the related host‐dependent light yield (LY) of scintillators are (i) the carrier diffusion coefficients (including hole self‐trapping if present, and hot‐electron diffusion if unthermalized), (ii) the kinetic order and associated rate constant of nonlinear quenching, and (iii) deep‐trapping probability. Thermalized carrier diffusion appears sufficient to describe the main trends in oxides and semiconductors. For heavier halide hosts, it appears necessary to take account of hot‐electron diffusion to explain several important host‐dependent trends.
Oligo‐viologen/SWCNT nano‐composites: Preparation and characterization
Authors: Constantin Veronica‐Alina , Cao Liangcheng , Sadaf Shamaila , Walder Lorenz 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of two types of viologen polymer modification of semiconducting carbon nanotubes (poly‐I‐CNT and poly‐II‐CNT) are described. The monomer I is a large three‐arm star‐shaped compound consisting of three benzyl and three phenyl viologen subunits. Electrochemical polymerization via benzylic radical formation was used. The star arms in poly‐I‐CNT are well‐resolved structures in two‐dimensional crystallized fashion (from STM), pointing to self‐assembling prior to polymerization. Besides being completely surface covered, individual SWCNTs are interconnected with the polymer in the poly‐I‐CNT composite material. Poly‐II‐CNT was prepared by chemical reduction of N′‐methyl‐N‐aminophenyl viologens. Repetitive viologen oligomer brushes are observed along the SWCNT after polymerization. The functionalization is confirmed by XPS, electrochemistry, and Raman spectroscopy. magnified image
Growth of carbon nanotubes on carbon fibers without strength degradation
Authors: De Greef Niels , Magrez Arnaud , Couteau Edina , Locquet Jean‐Pierre , Forró Lászlo , Seo Jin Won 
Published: November 2012

AbstractCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) are grown on PAN‐based carbon fibers by means of catalytic chemical vapor deposition technique. By using catalytic thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon, CNTs can be grown in the temperature range of 650–750 °C. However, carbon fibers suffer significant damages resulting in decrease of initial tensile strength. By applying the oxidative dehydrogenation reaction of C2H2 with CO2, we found an alternative way to grow CNTs on carbon fibers at low temperatures, such as 500 °C. Scanning electron microscope results combined with single fiber tests indicate that this low temperature growth enables homogeneous grafting of CNTs onto carbon fibers without degradation of tensile strength.
Synthesis and Surface Activity of Bisphosphate Gemini Surfactants
Authors: Gotmukle Sharad B. , Bhagwat Sunil S. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractAnionic bisphosphodiester gemini surfactants with two different spacer moieties and varying alkyl chain lengths were synthesized and investigated for their surface active properties. The equilibrium and dynamic surface tension studies were carried out using the Wilhelmy plate technique and maximum bubble pressure method respectively. It was found that these gemini surfactants possess lower critical micellar concentration values, and reduce the surface tension to a greater extent in comparison with the conventional analogues. The efficiency of the synthesized gemini surfactants was also evaluated. The results of surface activities obtained were correlated with the structures of gemini surfactants. The dynamic surface tension measurements showed that the geminis with long chains adsorb very slowly at the air/water interface within the time span of measurements. These gemini surfactants showed low foamability.