bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gadolinium-induced fibrosis testing by protein targeting assay and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle-based magnetic resonance microscopy of skin and kidneys
Authors: Sharma Rakesh 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Gadolinium-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents cause undefined fibrosis in kidneys and skin damage. Magnetic resonance microimaging of rat skin and kidney was used first time to identify the physical factors modulating the gadolinium Omniscan®-induced fibrosis by protein targeting. A 500-MHz MR imaging was done to visualize fibrosis in gadolinium-treated animals. Cationic superparamagnetic iron oxide magnetoferritin (SPIOM) was injected in rat to target basement membrane (in rat kidney and different skin structures including epidermis glycolipids and dermis proteins. After MR imaging, excised rat skin and kidneys tissues were imaged by ex vivo 900 MHz MR microimaging to confirm renal fibrosis and skin epidermis thickening. The proton density-weighted images visualized micro details of skin structures and nephron territories while T2-weighted images showed better contrast of tissue structures in both skin and kidney. The gadolinium further enhanced the image contrast and targeted the proteins in renal basement membrane and viable proteins in epidermis. SPIOM enhanced the tissue contrast due to dephasing effect caused by SPIOM on structural changes in nephron and epidermis. Conclusion: Tissue membrane protein and chelate ligand group binding with gadolinium biophysical interaction at molecular level may develop fibrosis. SPIOM injection improved the dephased image contrast of different structures in both skin and nephrons. The epidermis thickening and nephrofibrosis changes may be associated with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis or fibrosing dermatopathy.
Stress magnet ingestion in three children: Endoscopist perspective
Authors: Ozgenc Funda , Yuksekkaya Hasan Ali , Erdemir Gulín , Ecevit Cigdem Omur , Yagci Rasit Vural 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
The widespread use of magnets in toy industry has resulted in increased reports of magnet ingestions and related complications. Ensconcing within plastic covers and manufacturing larger pieces have been forwarded to avoid ingestion. We report 3 cases of magnet ingestion called “stress magnets” which are large to pass the gastric outlet. Endoscopic retrieval of single and double magnets from the stomach is described, and magnet related health hazard as well as the procedure related adversities is discussed.
Ventricular septal rupture complicating acute myocardial infarction following percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Rajan Rajesh , Padmaja N. P. , Ramakrishna Pillai V. , Daniel Rachel , Vijayaraghavan Govindan 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Ventricular septal rupture (VSR) is a rather rare, but at the same time very dreadful complication of acute myocardial infarction in the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) era and only limited evidence exist on the optimal treatment of this critical medical condition. VSR is less common following successful early thrombolysis and PCI occurring in myocardium supplied by infarct-related artery (IRA). We report two well-documented cases of successful VSR treatment which will provide valuable information for clinical practice especially due to the long-tem follow-up. Both cases underwent delayed elective surgical closure of VSR. This report clearly describes the incidence, potential risks and timing of occurrence, clinical features, and outcomes of ventricular septal rupture complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after PCI. Hence the topic of this report is of great importance. Although the prognosis of patients who develop VSR is generally grave without immediate surgical repair, both our patients remained hemodynamically stable at discharge and during follow-up of more than 4 years.
Depression as a Predictor of Weight Regain Among Successful Weight Losers in the Diabetes Prevention Program
Authors: Price David W. , Ma Yong , Rubin Richard R. , Perreault Leigh , Bray George A. , Marrero David , Knowler William C. , Barrett-Connor Elizabeth , LaCoursiere D. Yvette ,   for the Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group
Published: September 2012

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether depression symptoms or antidepressant medication use predicts weight regain in overweight individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) who are successful with initial weight loss.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A total of 1,442 participants who successfully lost at least 3% of their baseline body weight after 12 months of participation in the randomized controlled Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) continued in their assigned treatment group (metformin, intensive lifestyle, or placebo) and were followed into the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcome Study (DPPOS). Weight regain was defined as a return to baseline DPP body weight. Participant weight and antidepressant medication use were assessed every 6 months. Depression symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory [BDI] score ≥11) were assessed every 12 months.

RESULTS
Only 2.7% of the overall cohort had moderate to severe depression symptoms at baseline; most of the participants with BDI score ≥11 had only mild symptoms during the period of observation. In unadjusted analyses, both depression symptoms (hazard ratio 1.31 [95% CI 1.03–1.67], P = 0.03) and antidepressant medication use at either the previous visit (1.72 [1.37–2.15], P &lt; 0.0001) or cumulatively as percent of visits (1.005 [1.002–1.008], P = 0.0003) were predictors of subsequent weight regain. After adjustment for multiple covariates, antidepressant use remained a significant predictor of weight regain (P &lt; 0.0001 for the previous study visit; P = 0.0005 for the cumulative measure), while depression symptoms did not.

CONCLUSIONS
In individuals with IGT who do not have severe depression and who initially lose weight, antidepressant use may increase the risk of weight regain.
Arterial Stiffness Is Inversely Related to Plasma Adiponectin Levels in Young Normotensive Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Tsiakou Afroditi , Liatis Stavros , Alexiadou Kleopatra , Diakoumopoulou Evanthia , Makrilakis Konstantinos , Tentolouris Nicholas , Kyriaki Despoina , Katsilambros Nicholas 
Published: September 2012

OBJECTIVE
This study investigated the association between arterial stiffness and plasma adiponectin in patients with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Participants were normotensive patients with type 1 diabetes who were up to age 40 years. Subjects on statins with macrovascular disease or overt nephropathy were excluded. Large artery stiffness was assessed by measurement of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), whereas plasma adiponectin was measured by radioimmunoassay.

RESULTS
Data from 80 patients (age 27.1 ± 6.1 years, BMI 24.2 ± 3.1 kg/m2, HbA1c 7.5 ± 1.6%, 39 men, adiponectin 13.9 ± 6.7 μg/mL, and PWV 5.6 ± 0.9 m/s) were analyzed. Log adiponectin inversely correlated with age-adjusted PWV (r = −0.291, P = 0.009) and waist circumference (r = −0.427, P &lt; 0.001). In a fully adjusted model, age, expiration/inspiration index, and log adiponectin were independently associated with PWV, explaining 39.6% of its variance.

CONCLUSIONS
Arterial stiffness is inversely related to adiponectin concentration in young patients with type 1 diabetes without major complications.
Impaired Fasting Glucose and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Korean Men and Women
Authors: Kim Hong-Kyu , Kim Chul-Hee , Kim Eun Hee , Bae Sung Jin , Choe Jaewon , Park Joong-Yeol , Park Seong-Wook , Yun Young Duk , Baek Soo-Jin , Mok Yejin , Jee Sun Ha 
Published: September 2012

OBJECTIVE
The relationship between impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or ischemic heart disease (IHD) varies widely according to sex and ethnicity. We evaluated the relationship between IFG and CVD or IHD among Korean men and women.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A total of 408,022 individuals who underwent voluntary private health examinations in 17 centers in South Korea were followed for 10 years. Data regarding CVD or IHD events were obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance database. IFG was categorized as grade 1 (fasting glucose 100–109 mg/dL) or grade 2 (110–125 mg/dL).

RESULTS
Incidence rates of CVD (per 100,000 person-years) were 2,203 for diabetes. Age-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for CVD were 1.17 (95% CI 1.13–1.20) for grade 1 IFG, 1.30 (1.24–1.35) for grade 2 IFG, and 1.81 (1.75–1.86) for diabetes. The increased risk for women was similar to that of men. Age-adjusted HRs for IHD and ischemic stroke were also significantly increased for men and women with IFG and diabetes. After multivariate adjustment of conventional risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, obesity, and family history of CVD), the overall risk of CVD was greatly attenuated in all categories. However, the HRs for IHD and ischemic stroke remained significantly increased in men for grade 2 IFG but not in women.

CONCLUSIONS
In Korea, grade 2 IFG is associated with increased risk of IHD and ischemic stroke, independent of other conventional risk factors, in men but not in women.
The Effects of Free-Living Interval-Walking Training on Glycemic Control, Body Composition, and Physical Fitness in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Karstoft Kristian , Winding Kamilla , Knudsen Sine H. , Nielsen Jens S. , Thomsen Carsten , Pedersen Bente K. , Solomon Thomas P.J. 
Published: September 2012

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the feasibility of free-living walking training in type 2 diabetic patients and to investigate the effects of interval-walking training versus continuous-walking training upon physical fitness, body composition, and glycemic control.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Subjects with type 2 diabetes were randomized to a control (n = 8), continuous-walking (n = 12), or interval-walking group (n = 12). Training groups were prescribed five sessions per week (60 min/session) and were controlled with an accelerometer and a heart-rate monitor. Continuous walkers performed all training at moderate intensity, whereas interval walkers alternated 3-min repetitions at low and high intensity. Before and after the 4-month intervention, the following variables were measured: VO2max, body composition, and glycemic control (fasting glucose, HbA1c, oral glucose tolerance test, and continuous glucose monitoring [CGM]).

RESULTS
Training adherence was high (89 ± 4%), and training energy expenditure and mean intensity were comparable. VO2max increased 16.1 ± 3.7% in the interval-walking group (P &lt; 0.05), whereas no changes were observed in the continuous-walking or control group. Body mass and adiposity (fat mass and visceral fat) decreased in the interval-walking group only (P &lt; 0.05). Glycemic control (elevated mean CGM glucose levels and increased fasting insulin) worsened in the control group (P &lt; 0.05), whereas mean (P = 0.05) and maximum (P &lt; 0.05) CGM glucose levels decreased in the interval-walking group. The continuous walkers showed no changes in glycemic control.

CONCLUSIONS
Free-living walking training is feasible in type 2 diabetic patients. Continuous walking offsets the deterioration in glycemia seen in the control group, and interval walking is superior to energy expenditure–matched continuous walking for improving physical fitness, body composition, and glycemic control.
Diabetes Is an Independent Predictor for Severe Osteoarthritis
Authors: Schett Georg , Kleyer Arndt , Perricone Carlo , Sahinbegovic Enijad , Iagnocco Annamaria , Zwerina Jochen , Lorenzini Rolando , Aschenbrenner Franz , Berenbaum Francis , D’Agostino Maria-Antonietta , Willeit Johann , Kiechl Stefan 
Published: September 2012

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate if type 2 diabetes is an independent risk predictor for severe osteoarthritis (OA).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Population-based cohort study with an age- and sex-stratified random sample of 927 men and women aged 40–80 years and followed over 20 years (1990–2010).

RESULTS
Rates of arthroplasty (95% CI) were 17.7 (9.4–30.2) per 1,000 person-years in patients with type 2 diabetes and 5.3 (4.1–6.6) per 1,000 person-years in those without (P &lt; 0.001). Type 2 diabetes emerged as an independent risk predictor for arthroplasty: hazard ratios (95% CI), 3.8 (2.1–6.8) (P &lt; 0.001) in an unadjusted analysis and 2.1 (1.1–3.8) (P = 0.023) after adjustment for age, BMI, and other risk factors for OA. The probability of arthroplasty increased with disease duration of type 2 diabetes and applied to men and women, as well as subgroups according to age and BMI. Our findings were corroborated in cross-sectional evaluation by more severe clinical symptoms of OA and structural joint changes in subjects with type 2 diabetes compared with those without type 2 diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS
Type 2 diabetes predicts the development of severe OA independent of age and BMI. Our findings strengthen the concept of a strong metabolic component in the pathogenesis of OA.
Pro Deo et Patria Prier pour l’Etat en France au XIXe siècle
Authors: Petit Vincent 
Published: September 2012

Si la France a, par la loi du 9 décembre 1905, adopté « le régime de séparation le plus radical du monde » comme l’écrit l’historien Jean-Marie Mayeur, elle a aussi par la même occasion rompu avec un usage très ancien, celui des prières que l’Eglise (ici, catholique) adresse à l’Etat. Les différents régimes politiques qui se sont succédés après la Révolution ont ainsi exigé du clergé et des fidèles qu’ils chantent Domine salvam fac Rempublicam ou salvum fac regem. Seulement les bouleversements politiques, l’affirmation de la souveraineté populaire et la toujours plus croissante dissociation de l’Etat et de l’Eglise ont fait de ce rite un objet de débat, au sein de la communauté nationale comme de la communauté ecclésiale.
Les feux de Pentecôte au royaume du Siècle. L’économie des charismes dans le pentecôtisme suédois
Authors: Mahieddin Emir 
Published: September 2012

Le pentecôtisme participe des mouvements de renouveau religieux qui ont amené, du fait de leur succès, à parler d’un « retour du refoulé » – selon les mots de Gilles Kepel –, une expression venue aujourd’hui remplacer le paradigme de la sécularisation, dominant en sociologie des religions depuis le début du XXe siècle. Cet article repose sur une étude ethnographique menée dans la ville de Jönköping, bastion du protestantisme born again dans un pays, la Suède, pourtant réputé le plus sécularisé du monde. L’auteur entend interroger les adaptations éventuelles que le pentecôtisme a pu mettre en place pour faire accepter sa présence au sein d’un environnement archi-sécularisé. Il apparaît ainsi que le « retour du religieux » ne s’appuie pas que sur une rhétorique du conflit ou de l’offensive avec l’idéologie de la sécularité mais tente une coexistence négociée avec son environnement d’accueil, aussi neutralisé d’influence religieuse soit-il.
Etat et croyance(s) dans la Bolivie « plurinationale » d’Evo Morales
Authors: Delfour Christine 
Published: September 2012

« L’Eglise en Bolivie est le principal ennemi des réformes », certains « secteurs de l’Eglise catholique, la hiérarchie catholique sont les ennemis des transformations politiques », « une autre foi, une autre religion (hors Eglise catholique) et également une autre Eglise, tout ceci est positif, mes frères et sœurs ». Voici quelques citations d’Evo Morales, premier président indien de la Bolivie, qui illustrent les tensions existantes entre le gouvernement et l’Eglise catholique ainsi que la nouvelle réalité institutionnelle du pays en matière de religion : la liberté de culte et de pratiques spirituelles des peuples indigènes et de toute autre confession religieuse. La Nouvelle Constitution Politique de l’Etat Plurinational (février 2009) reconnaît l’indépendance de l’Etat en matière religieuse, un Etat qui « respecte et garantit la liberté de religion et de croyances spirituelles en accord avec les cosmovisions ». Il s’agit d’un changement radical par rapport à la Constitution de 1967 qui, dans son article 3, énonce que « l’Etat reconnaît et soutient la religion catholique, apostolique et romaine ». Dès lors, nous nous interrogerons, d’une part, sur les relations entre l’Eglise et l’Etat républicain et, d’autre part, sur la place des croyances (des rites et des symboles) dans le contexte politique de la « refondation » de la nation bolivienne et de l’Etat.
Eglises, identités non confessionnelles et islam en Allemagne
Authors: Toscer-Angot Sylvie 
Published: September 2012

Depuis les années 1980, la nature des relations entre politique et religion en RFA a fait l’objet de profondes mutations. L’Allemagne est en effet confrontée aujourd’hui à deux phénomènes en apparence contradictoires : elle doit faire face, d’une part, aux affirmations des identités non confessionnelles dans la sphère publique, et, d’autre part, aux revendications croissantes de communautés de croyances désireuses d’obtenir de nouveaux droits ainsi qu’une reconnaissance institutionnelle et une visibilité plus grande dans l’espace public. Plusieurs facteurs sont à l’origine de ce mouvement d’ampleur : l’importance grandissante du nombre des « sans religion »1 qui s’est accélérée sous l’effet de la réunification, l’individualisation et la diversification des convictions et des pratiques religieuses ou encore la présence de plus en plus affirmée de l’islam. En réponse aux demandes suscitées par la diversité des confessions, des convictions ou des appartenances, les autorités publiques tentent de trouver des solutions politiques et juridiques, susceptibles de concilier les exigences de protection des libertés fondamentales (liberté de conscience et de religion), le principe de neutralité de l’Etat, l’égalité de traitement de toutes les communautés religieuses, et ce, dans le respect des traditions et des héritages. Dans un pays marqué par une structure fédérale, où les questions religieuses relèvent des compétences des Länder2, les réponses apportées aux différends politico-religieux varient très largement d’un Land à l’autre. Elles relativisent ainsi le dispositif historiquement constitué des relations Eglises-Etat en Allemagne et révèlent différentes façons de traiter le pluralisme religieux. A partir de la question de l’enseignement religieux à l’école, cette contribution se propose de mettre en évidence le processus de déconfessionnalisation en Allemagne ainsi que l’influence des Eglises sur la manière dont l’Etat conçoit ses rapports avec l’islam.
Inducible Renitence Limits Listeria monocytogenes Escape from Vacuoles in Macrophages
Authors: Davis Michael J. , Gregorka Brian , Gestwicki Jason E. , Swanson Joel A. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Membranes of endolysosomal compartments in macrophages are often damaged by physical or chemical effects of particles ingested through phagocytosis or by toxins secreted by intracellular pathogens. This study identified a novel inducible activity in macrophages that increases resistance of phagosomes, late endosomes, and lysosomes to membrane damage. Pretreatment of murine macrophages with LPS, peptidoglycan, TNF-α, or IFN-γ conferred protection against subsequent damage to intracellular membranes caused by photooxidative chemistries or by phagocytosis of ground silica or silica microspheres. Phagolysosome damage was partially dependent on reactive oxygen species but was independent of the phagocyte oxidase. IFN-γ–stimulated macrophages from mice lacking the phagocyte oxidase inhibited escape from vacuoles by the intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes, which suggested a role for this inducible renitence (resistance to pressure) in macrophage resistance to infection by pathogens that damage intracellular membranes. Renitence and inhibition of L. monocytogenes escape were partially attributable to heat shock protein-70. Thus, renitence is a novel, inducible activity of macrophages that maintains or restores the integrity of endolysosomal membranes.
A20 and CYLD Do Not Share Significant Overlapping Functions during B Cell Development and Activation
Authors: Chu Yuanyuan , Soberon Valeria , Glockner Laura , Beyaert Rudi , Massoumi Ramin , van Loo Geert , Krappmann Daniel , Schmidt-Supprian Marc 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe ubiquitin-editing enzyme A20 (TNFAIP3) and the deubiquitinase CYLD are central negative regulators of NF-κB signaling. Both can act by removing nonproteolytic K63-linked polyubiquitin chains from an overlapping set of signaling molecules. In B cells, A20 deficiency results in hyperactivity, loss of immune homeostasis, inflammation, and autoimmunity. The reported consequences of CYLD deficiency are controversial, ranging from an absence of effects to dramatic B cell hyperplasia. These differences could be due to varying compensation for the loss of CYLD function by A20. Therefore, to explore potential overlapping physiological functions between A20 and CYLD, we generated and characterized A20/CYLD double-deficient B cells. Interestingly, the lack of both A20 and CYLD did not exacerbate the developmental defects and hyperresponsive activity of A20-deficient B cells. In addition, the extent of B cell activation after in vitro stimulation with anti-CD40, LPS, and CpG was comparable in B cells lacking A20/CYLD and A20 alone. However, in response to BCR cross-linking, we observed small but reproducible additive effects of the lack of A20 and CYLD. Taken together, our results demonstrate that A20 and CYLD do not share significant functions during B cell development and activation.
The TLR7/8 Agonist CL097 Primes N-Formyl-Methionyl-Leucyl-Phenylalanine–Stimulated NADPH Oxidase Activation in Human Neutrophils: Critical Role of p47phox Phosphorylation and the Proline Isomerase Pin1
Authors: Makni-Maalej Karama , Boussetta Tarek , Hurtado-Nedelec Margarita , Belambri Sahra Amel , Gougerot-Pocidalo Marie-Anne , El-Benna Jamel 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Superoxide anion production by the neutrophil NADPH oxidase plays a key role in host defense; however, excessive superoxide production is believed to participate to inflammatory reactions. Neutrophils express several TLR that recognize a variety of microbial motifs or agonists. The interaction between TLR and their agonists is believed to help neutrophils to recognize and eliminate the pathogen. However, the effects of some TLR agonists on the NADPH oxidase activation and the mechanisms controlling these effects have not been elucidated. In this study, we show that the TLR7/8 agonist CL097 by itself did not induce NADPH oxidase activation in human neutrophils, but induced a dramatic increase of fMLF-stimulated activation. Interestingly, CL097 induced cytochrome b558 translocation to the plasma membrane and the phosphorylation of the NADPH oxidase cytosolic component p47phox on Ser345, Ser328, and Ser315. Phosphorylation of Ser328 and Ser315 was significantly increased in CL097-primed and fMLF-stimulated neutrophils. Phosphorylation of Ser345, Ser328, and Ser315 was decreased by inhibitors of p38 MAPK and the ERK1/2 pathway. Phosphorylation of Ser328 was decreased by a protein kinase C inhibitor. Genistein, a broad-range protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, inhibited the phosphorylation of these serines. Our results also show that CL097 induced proline isomerase 1 (Pin1) activation and that juglone, a Pin1 inhibitor, inhibited CL097-mediated priming of fMLF-induced p47phox phosphorylation and superoxide production. These results show that the TLR7/8 agonist CL097 induces hyperactivation of the NADPH oxidase by stimulating the phosphorylation of p47phox on selective sites in human neutrophils and suggest that p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, protein kinase C, and Pin1 control this process.