bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased Nociceptive Sensitivity and Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ Levels in a Rat Model of PTSD
Authors: Zhang Yong , Gandhi Priyam R , Standifer Kelly M 
Published: October 2012

Background: Clinical studies indicate that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) frequently shares co-morbidity with chronic pain. Although in animals acute stress-induced antinociception is well documented, the effect of PTSD-like stress on nociceptive sensitivity is unclear. Though a few studies measured nociceptive responses at a single time point, no studies have examined changes in nociceptive sensitivity over time following exposure to PTSD-like stress. Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ), an endogenous ligand for the N/OFQ peptide (NOP) receptor, modulates various biological functions in the central nervous system that are affected by PTSD, including nociceptive sensitivity, stress and anxiety, learning and memory. Results: The present study examined thermal and mechanical nociceptive sensitivity in male Sprague Dawley rats between 7 and 28 days after single-prolonged stress (SPS), an established animal model for PTSD. Rat paw withdrawal thresholds (PWT) to von Frey and paw withdrawal latencies (PWL) to radiant heat stimuli, respectively, dramatically decreased as early as 7 days after initiation of SPS and lasted the length of the study, 28 days. In addition, N/OFQ levels increased in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF; on days 9, 14 and 28) and serum (day 28), while levels of circulating corticosterone (CORT) decreased 28 days after initiation of SPS. SPS exposure induced anxiety-like behavior and enhanced inhibition of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, as previously reported for this model. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that SPS induces the development of persistent mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia that is accompanied by increased N/OFQ content in the CSF, and eventually, in serum. These findings suggest a link between N/OFQ and the development of hyperalgesia and allodynia in a rat model of PTSD.
Influence of bilirubin photoisomers on unbound bilirubin measurement in clinical settings
Authors: Okada Hitoshi , Kusaka Takashi , Koyano Kaori , Koyano Kosuke , Kunikata Jun , Iwase Takashi , Yasuda Saneyuki , Isobe Kenichi , Itoh Susumu 
Published: October 2012

Background Measured unbound bilirubin concentration is influenced by bilirubin photoisomers. Bilirubin photoisomers are produced even with only a slight light exposure, and clinical samples are inevitably exposed to light. The objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of bilirubin photoisomers on the measurement of unbound bilirubin using serum of jaundiced neonates during blue light phototherapy. Methods Five neonates treated with phototherapy for hyperbilirubinaemia were enrolled. The samples were taken 12 h after initiation of phototherapy. Samples were processed by irradiation with blue light, by indoor ceiling light, by both blue light and indoor ceiling light or shaded. Bilirubin subfractions, total bilirubin and unbound bilirubin were measured. Results Compared with the non-irradiated samples, the (EZ)-cyclobilirubin concentration and (ZE)-bilirubin/(ZZ)-bilirubin ratio significantly increased in the blue light-irradiated samples, the (ZE)-bilirubin/(ZZ)-bilirubin ratio significantly increased in the indoor ceiling light-irradiated samples, and the (EZ)-cyclobilirubin, (EZ)-bilirubin and (ZE)-bilirubin/(ZZ)-bilirubin ratio significantly increased in the samples irradiated with both lights. No change was noted in unbound bilirubin in any group. Conclusions We consider that changes in bilirubin photoisomers induced by light exposure during clinical practice do not influence the measured unbound bilirubin concentration.
Early results of real-time qualitative sonoelastography in the evaluation of parotid gland masses: A study with histopathological correlation
Authors: Celebi Irfan , Mahmutoglu Abdullah S 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundSonoelastography has been used to differentiate malignant from benign lesions in numerous types of tissues including breast, prostate, liver, blood vessels, thyroid, musculoskeletal structures, and salivary glands.PurposeTo evaluate the efficacy and application of real-time qualitative sonoelastography in the differentiation of benign and malignant focal parotid gland lesions.Material and MethodsA total of 75 patients (36 boys/men, 39 girls/women; age range, 10–83 years) with 81 lesions were evaluated prospectively by sonoelastography performed and interpreted by two expert radiologists. The results of these experts classification and scoring of lesions according to relative stiffness of the mass were compared with each other and with histopathological findings. The interpretation of sonoelastography scores of 1–4 were as follows: 1, soft; 2, mostly soft; 3, mostly stiff; and 4, stiff.ResultsThe kappa statistic of 0.508 (P <, 0.001) indicated moderate agreement between the two radiologists. The sonoelastography scores correctly diagnosed 30 of 49 benign tumors (sensitivity, 61.2%) and 19 of 32 malignant tumors (specificity, 59.4%). The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.603. The diagnostic value of sonoelastography for evaluating pleomorphic adenomas, Warthin tumors, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and high-grade tumors was low, whereas the diagnostic rates for low-grade tumors such as mucoepidermoid carcinoma, acinic cell carcinoma, and metastases of basal cell carcinoma were better with sonoelastography.ConclusionAlthough sonoelastography seems to be promising in the differentiating of low-grade malignancies, the primary role of radiology is currently limited to determination of localization, size, and morphology of parotid tumors.
Dispensable, Redundant, Complementary, and Cooperative Roles of Dopamine, Octopamine, and Serotonin inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Chen Audrey , Ng Fanny , Lebestky Tim , Grygoruk Anna , Djapri Christine , Lawal Hakeem O , Zaveri Harshul A , Mehanzel Filmon , Najibi Rod , Seidman Gabriel , Murphy Niall P , Kelly Rachel L , Ackerson Larry C , Maidment Nigel T , Jackson F Rob , Krantz David E 
Published: October 2012

AbstractTo investigate the regulation of Drosophila melanogaster behavior by biogenic amines, we have exploited the broad requirement of the vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) for the vesicular storage and exocytotic release of all monoamine neurotransmitters. We used the Drosophila VMAT (dVMAT) null mutant to globally ablate exocytotic amine release and then restored DVMAT activity in either individual or multiple aminergic systems, using transgenic rescue techniques. We find that larval survival, larval locomotion, and female fertility rely predominantly on octopaminergic circuits with little apparent input from the vesicular release of serotonin or dopamine. In contrast, male courtship and fertility can be rescued by expressing DVMAT in octopaminergic or dopaminergic neurons, suggesting potentially redundant circuits. Rescue of major aspects of adult locomotion and startle behavior required octopamine, but a complementary role was observed for serotonin. Interestingly, adult circadian behavior could not be rescued by expression of DVMAT in a single subtype of aminergic neurons, but required at least two systems, suggesting the possibility of unexpected cooperative interactions. Further experiments using this model will help determine how multiple aminergic systems may contribute to the regulation of other behaviors. Our data also highlight potential differences between behaviors regulated by standard exocytotic release and those regulated by other mechanisms.
Multiple-Trait Genomic Selection Methods Increase Genetic Value Prediction Accuracy
Authors: Jia Yi , Jannink Jean-Luc 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Genetic correlations between quantitative traits measured in many breeding programs are pervasive. These correlations indicate that measurements of one trait carry information on other traits. Current single-trait (univariate) genomic selection does not take advantage of this information. Multivariate genomic selection on multiple traits could accomplish this but has been little explored and tested in practical breeding programs. In this study, three multivariate linear models (i.e., GBLUP, BayesA, and BayesCπ) were presented and compared to univariate models using simulated and real quantitative traits controlled by different genetic architectures. We also extended BayesA with fixed hyperparameters to a full hierarchical model that estimated hyperparameters and BayesCπ to impute missing phenotypes. We found that optimal marker-effect variance priors depended on the genetic architecture of the trait so that estimating them was beneficial. We showed that the prediction accuracy for a low-heritability trait could be significantly increased by multivariate genomic selection when a correlated high-heritability trait was available. Further, multiple-trait genomic selection had higher prediction accuracy than single-trait genomic selection when phenotypes are not available on all individuals and traits. Additional factors affecting the performance of multiple-trait genomic selection were explored.
Genetic Basis of a Violation of Dollo’s Law: Re-Evolution of Rotating Sex Combs inDrosophila bipectinata
Authors: Seher Thaddeus D , Ng Chen Siang , Signor Sarah A , Podlaha Ondrej , Barmina Olga , Kopp Artyom 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPhylogenetic analyses suggest that violations of “Dollo’s law”—that is, re-evolution of lost complex structures—do occur, albeit infrequently. However, the genetic basis of such reversals has not been examined. Here, we address this question using the Drosophila sex comb, a recently evolved, male-specific morphological structure composed of modified bristles. In some species, sex comb development involves only the modification of individual bristles, while other species have more complex “rotated” sex combs that are shaped by coordinated migration of epithelial tissues. Rotated sex combs were lost in the ananassae species subgroup and subsequently re-evolved, ∼12 million years later, in Drosophila bipectinata and its sibling species. We examine the genetic basis of the differences in sex comb morphology between D. bipectinata and D. malerkotliana, a closely related species with a much simpler sex comb representing the ancestral condition. QTL mapping reveals that &gt;50% of this difference is controlled by one chromosomal inversion that covers ∼5% of the genome. Several other, larger inversions do not contribute appreciably to the phenotype. This genetic architecture suggests that rotating sex combs may have re-evolved through changes in relatively few genes. We discuss potential developmental mechanisms that may allow lost complex structures to be regained.
Electrocardiogram Provides a Continuous Heart Rate Faster Than Oximetry During Neonatal Resuscitation
Authors: Katheria Anup , Rich Wade , Finer Neil 
Published: October 2012

OBJECTIVE:
To compare the time required to obtain a continuous audible heart rate signal from an electrocardiogram (ECG) monitor and pulse oximeter (PO) in infants requiring resuscitation.

METHODS:
Infants who had both ECG and PO placed during resuscitation were analyzed using video and analog recordings. The median times from arrival until the ECG electrodes and PO sensor were placed, and the time to achieve audible tones from the devices, were compared.

RESULTS:
Forty-six infants had ECG and PO data. Thirty infants were very low birth weight (23–30 weeks). There was a difference in the median total time to place either device (26 vs 38 seconds; P = .04), and a difference (P &lt; .001) in the time to achieve an audible heart rate signal after ECG lead (2 seconds) versus PO probe (24 seconds) placement. In infants weighing &gt;1500 g (n = 16), the median time (interquartile range) to place the ECG was 20 seconds (14–43) whereas the time to place the PO was 36 seconds (28–56) (P = .74). The median times (interquartile range) to acquire a signal from the ECG and PO were 4 seconds (1–6) and 32 seconds (15–40, P = .001), respectively. During the first minutes of resuscitation, 93% of infants had an ECG heart rate compared with only 56% for PO.

CONCLUSIONS:
Early application of ECG electrodes during infant resuscitation can provide the resuscitation team with a continuous audible heart rate, and its use may improve the timeliness of appropriate critical interventions.
Cord Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 and Allergic Disease During Infancy
Authors: Jones Anderson P. , Palmer Debra , Zhang Guicheng , Prescott Susan L. 
Published: October 2012

OBJECTIVE:
There has been growing interest in vitamin D insufficiency as a predisposing factor for allergy development based on immunoregulatory properties and epidemiological studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between vitamin D exposure in utero and allergic outcomes in the first year of life.

METHODS:
Cord blood (CB) vitamin D was measured in 231 high-risk infants from an Australian prospective birth cohort. CB 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25[OH]D3) concentration was analyzed in relation to maternal vitamin D intake and the development of infant eczema, allergen sensitization, and immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy.

RESULTS:
Maternal intake of supplemental vitamin D was significantly correlated with CB 25(OH)D3 concentration (ρ = 0.244, P = .003), whereas dietary vitamin D did not influence CB levels. There was significant seasonal variation in CB 25(OH)D3 concentration suggesting that sunlight exposure was an important determinant. Lower CB vitamin D status was observed in infants that developed eczema (P = .018), and eczema was significantly more likely in those with concentrations &lt;50 nmol/L in comparison with those with concentrations ≥75 nmol/L (odds ratio 2.66; 95% confidence interval 1.24–5.72; P = .012). This association remained significant after adjustment for multiple confounding factors. The associations between CB 25(OH)D3 concentration and allergen sensitization, immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy, and eczema severity (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis) were not significant.

CONCLUSIONS:
Reduced vitamin D status in pregnancy may be a risk factor for the development of eczema in the first year of life, reinforcing the need to explore the role of vitamin D exposure during development for disease prevention.
Kiterjesztett abdominoperinealis rectumexstirpatiót követő gáttájéki rekonstrukció verticalis rectus abdominis myocutan (VRAM) lebennyel
Authors: Bognár Gábor , Novák András , István Gábor , Lóderer Zoltán , Ledniczky György , Ondrejka Pál 
Published: October 2012

AbsztraktAz anorectalis régió daganatai miatt végzett abdominoperinealis exstirpatiót (APE) követő perinealis sebgyógyulási zavarok komoly kihívást jelentenek a sebész számára. A sebgyógyulás körüli szövődmények csökkentését célzó sebészi lehetőségek közé tartozik a myocutan lebennyel való perinealis rekonstrukció is. Cikkünk irodalmi áttekintést nyújt az abdominoperinealis exstripatiót követő verticalis rectus abdominis myocutan (VRAM) lebennyel végzett perinealis rekonstrukciók eredményeiről. A kombinált neoadjuváns radio-kemoterápia elterjedése és a sebészi radikalitás kiterjesztésének lehetősége olyan kettős kockázattal jár, melynek csökkentésére hasznos lehetőség a colorectalis és a plasztikai sebész együttműködése.
Plasztikai sebészeti módszerek alkalmazása a nyelőcső helyreállításában
Authors: Pavlovics Gábor , Cseke László , Papp András , Horváth Örs Péter 
Published: October 2012

Absztrakt

Bevezetés: A nyelőcső-rekonstrukció speciális, szövődményes eseteiben plasztikai sebészeti módszereket alkalmaztunk. Myocutan lebenyeket használtunk a nyaki nyelőcső partialis hiányainak pótlására, nyaki lágyrész-hiányok kitöltésére, valamint varratvonalak biztosítására. Mikrosebészeti technikát alkalmaztunk szabad jejunumgraft átültetéséhez és supercharged colonnal történő pótlásához. Beteganyag és módszer: 1998 és 2012 áprilisa között 5 esetben használtunk m. pectoralis major myocutan vagy izomlebenyt. 38 esetben mikrosebészeti technika felhasználásával rekonstruáltuk az oesophagust, 34 szabad jejunumgraftot és 4 „supercharged” colont alkalmaztunk. Eredmények: 23 primer helyreállítás történt pharyngo-laryngectomiát követően, 15 betegnél szekunder rekonstrukciót végeztünk korábbi pótlások szövődménye(i) vagy recidiváló tumor miatt. Tapasztalatainak bővülésével szabad jejunumgraftot használtunk a nyelőcső teljes thoracalis szakaszának pótlására is. Három graft necrotizált, kettő anastomosisthrombosis, egy MRSA-infekció következtében. Összefoglalás: Nyelőcsősebész és plasztikai sebész együttműködésével a nyelőcsőpótlás nehéz, szövődményes esetei is elfogadható szövődményaránnyal kezelhetők.
Centrális pancreatectomiával szerzett tapasztalataink
Authors: Kelemen Dezső , Papp Róbert , Cseke László , Horváth Örs Péter 
Published: October 2012

AbsztraktBevezetés:A szerzők centrális pancreatectomia kapcsán nyert tapasztalataikról számolnak be, rövid irodalmi áttekintést is nyújtva.Anyag és módszerek:7 betegnél végeztek centrális pancreatectomiát benignus vagy alacsony malignitású daganat miatt, illetve egy esetben pancreasruptura volt az indikáció. Leggyakrabban alkalmazott technikájuk során a pancreas distalis részét Roux-kacsba szájaztatták, a proximalis metszlapot varratokkal zárták, majd jejunummal fedték.Eredmények:Összesen három szövődményük volt (37%), míg reoperációra nem került sor, beteget nem vesztettek el. A nyomon követés során sem az endocrin, sem az exocrin működésben károsodást nem észleltek.Következtetések:Megfelelő javallattal és technikával elvégezve a centrális pancreatectomia biztonságos műtét, és kiváló funkcionális eredménnyel jár.
A minimálisan invazív technika mint a mellékvese-sebészet „gold standardja”
Authors: Vereczkei András , Molnár Ádám , Horváth Örs Péter 
Published: October 2012

Absztrakt

Bevezetés: A minimálisan invazív technika a mellékvese sebészetében világszerte „gold standard” módszernek számít. A szerzők másfél évtizedes gyakorlatukat retrospektíven elemezve vizsgálták műtéti jellemzőiket, történelmi kontrollcsoporthoz hasonlítva őket. Anyag és módszerek: Az áttekintett időszakban, 1997 és 2011 közt összesen 175 laparoscopos adrenalectomiát végeztek. Mindkét oldalon, a beteg oldalfekvő helyzetében, a transabdominalis lateralis megközelítést alkalmazták. Bal oldalon egy új „suprasplenicus” megközelítést vezettek be. A nagyméretű, 7 cm feletti elváltozások esetén kézzel asszisztált laparoscopos technikát alkalmaztak. Eredmények: A műtét laparoscopos módszerrel 77, hagyományosan 115 percig tartott átlagosan. Az eltávolított tumorok mérete a laparoscopos csoportban 3,1, a nyitottban 4,9 cm volt átlagosan. A legnagyobb méretű elváltozások hasonlóak voltak, viszont a laparoscopos csoportban a kisebb méretű tumorok gyakorisága nagyobb volt. Konverzió 15 esetben (8,6%) történt, legtöbbször vérzés miatt. A szövődményarány a laparoscopos csoportban 10,8%, a hagyományosban 24,6% volt. A hospitalizációs idő szignifikánsan rövidebb volt a minimálisan invazív technika esetén (4,5 vs. 8,1 nap). A laparoscopos csoportban 3 betegnél (1,7%) igazolódott váratlan, kisebb méretű primer malignitás, R0 módon eltávolítva. Következtetések: A laparoscopos technika minden benignus mellékvese-elváltozás eltávolítására alkalmazható, számos kedvező jellemzőt biztosító módszer. A metastasisok többsége kellő rutinnal és önmérséklettel e módszerrel szintén eltávolítható, onkológiai kompromisszum nélkül. A pre- és posztoperatív ellátás minőségének biztosításához az endokrinológiai kooperáció nélkülözhetetlen.
Az acut descendáló necrotizáló mediastinitis sebészi kezelése
Authors: Vágvölgyi Attila , Vadász Pál , Heiler Zoltán , Kas József , Fehér Csaba , Csekeő Attila , Zsikla Katalin , Rozgonyi Zsolt 
Published: October 2012

AbsztraktBevezetés:Az acut descendáló necrotizáló mediastinitis (DNM) súlyos, a gátorüreg gyorsan progrediáló, széteső gyulladásával járó septicus folyamat, mely megfelelő sebészi kezelés nélkül, illetve a fel nem ismert esetekben akár 80%-os halálozással jár.Beteganyag, módszer:1999 és 2012 között az Országos Korányi Intézet és a Semmelweis Egyetem Mellkassebészeti Osztályán 17 beteget kezeltünk a fenti kórkép miatt. A fej-nyaki elsődleges septicus folyamat 8 esetben fogászati góc, 4 betegnél retro/parapharyngealis abscessus, 1 ismeretlen eredetű nyaki phlegmone, 2 tonsillaris tályog talaján alakult ki. 1 esetben az előzményben műtét (mediastinoscopia), 1 betegnél hasi műtét során „nehéz intubatio” (fel nem ismert tracheasérülés) szerepel. Az első feltárás 9 esetben történt nyaki, 4 esetben nyaki és thoracotomiás, 1 esetben csak thoracotomiás, 3 betegnél pedig az orofacialis régióban történő behatolásból. A folyamat kiterjedtsége sürgős CT-vizsgálattal volt megítélhető, ezt követően azonnali műtét történt.Eredmények:Négy beteg igényelt kétszeri feltárást, 5 betegnél háromszor, 3 betegnél négyszer történt exploratio. A műtétek 70%-ában kombinált, több régiót érintő feltárást végeztünk. Tapasztalataink alapján a prognózist befolyásolja az első orvosi észlelés és a sebészi beavatkozás között eltelt idő, a beteg kora és diabetes mellitus társbetegsége. Kilenc beteget vesztettünk el (53%), nyolc beteg gyógyult, tünetmentes (47%).Következtetések:A sikeres kezelés alapfeltétele a kórfolyamat időben történő felismerése, a primer ok sürgős megszüntetése, a cervicofacialis régió időben történő adekvát feltárása, debridement, nyaki és felső mediastinalis drainage. Ha a folyamat az azygos vena, illetve az aortaív szintje alá terjed, jobb oldali thoracotomiát kell végezni mediastinalis feltárással, kiterjesztett debridementtel, mellkasi szívó-öblítő drainek korrekt behelyezésével, széles spektrumú, illetve célzott antibiotikumok adásával, a septico-toxicus állapot kezelésével. Gyors és agresszív terápiával növelhető a gyógyult betegek aránya.
Phase Trapping Damage in Use of Water-Based and Oil-Based Drilling Fluids in Tight Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Bahrami Hassan , Rezaee Reza , Saeedi Ali , Murickan Geeno , Tsar Mitchel , Mehmood Sultan , Jamili Ahmad 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Low matrix permeability and significant damage mechanisms are the main signatures of tight gas reservoirs. During drilling and fracturing of tight formations, the wellbore liquid invades the tight formation, increases liquid saturation around wellbore and eventually reduces permeability at near wellbore. The liquid invasion damage is mainly controlled by capillary pressure and relative permeability curves.
Water blocking and phase trapping damage is one of the main concerns in use of water based drilling fluid in tight gas reservoirs, since due to high critical water saturation, relative permeability effects and strong capillary pressure, tight formations are sensitive to water invasion damage. Therefore, use of oil based mud may be preferred in drilling or fracturing of tight formation. However invasion of oil filtrate into tight formations may result in introduction of an immiscible liquid hydrocarbon drilling or completion fluid around wellbore, causing entrapment of an additional third phase in the porous media that would exacerbate formation damage effects.
This study focuses on phase trapping damage caused by liquid invasion using water-based drilling fluid in comparison with use of oil-based drilling fluid in water sensitive tight gas sand reservoirs. Reservoir simulation approach is used to study the effect of relative permeability curves on phase trap damage, and results of laboratory experiments core flooding tests in a West Australian tight gas reservoir are shown in which the effect of water injection and oil injection on the damage of core permeability are studied. The results highlights benefits of using oil-based fluids in drilling and fracturing of tight gas reservoirs in term of reducing skin factor and improving well productivity.