bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fines y medios: repensar las audiencias
Authors: Gonzalez Mina Julian Alberto 
Published: February 2025

Este ensayo examina la relación entre los fines y los medios en el periodismo contemporáneo. Sugiere que el objetivo de capturar audiencias para su monetización publicitaria ha moldeado históricamente la estructura y contenido de los medios informativos. Critica este modelo, señalando que reduce a las audiencias a mercancías pasivas, priorizando la supervivencia económica sobre su rol social. Propone, en cambio, un enfoque centrado en la creación de "públicos fuertes", donde las audiencias actúen como agentes activos en la comunicación pública y acción colectiva.

A través de un análisis histórico todavía muy preliminar, se contrasta el periodismo canónico —neutral y textocéntrico— con formas alternativas que, en los albores del periodismo, como el periodismo de agitación social, se caracterizan por la fusión entre información y activismo, y ponen al centro la acción social y los ciudadanos como agentes. Se presenta una escala de ocho niveles de interacción audiencia-medio, desde el consumo superficial hasta la creación de medios propios, destacando la importancia de fines extrínsecos (fortalecer la democracia, movilización ciudadana) sobre los intrínsecos (supervivencia del medio).
El artículo concluye que repensar los fines del periodismo, inspirándose en prácticas históricas y horizontes participativos, es clave para transformar las audiencias en sujetos políticos capaces de incidir en el espacio público. Plataformas como Ciudad Vaga podrían promover este enfoque, priorizando la comunicación crítica y la generación de estructuras mediáticas ciudadanas sobre métricas tradicionales de mercado.
Educational Exposure to Generative Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Timmerman Jean Xia 
Published: February 2025

1.1 Generative AI Occupational Exposure (AIOE) MeasuresGenerative AI is distinct from prior forms of AI because of its ability to produce new content, and language modeling and image generation capture two key aspects of this. In this note, I use measures of generative AI occupational exposure (AIOE) to image generation and language modeling from Felten et al. (2023). Felten et al. (2021) define language modeling as the "ability to model, predict, or mimic human language" and image generation as the "the creation of complex images." Felten et al. (2021, 2023) constructed the AIOE measures using survey responses of freelance workers from Amazon's Mechanical Turk (mTurk) web service on the relatedness of those applications to 52 occupational abilities from the Department of Labor's Occupational Information Network (O*NET) database. Occupational exposure is then calculated as an average, weighted by the O*NET prevalence and importance scores for each occupation. These AIOE measures are then collapsed from the eight-digit Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) codes to the six-digit SOC codes.
Biomechanics for first year occupational therapy students: Enriching learning using an E-learning resource
Authors: Rudman Elsje Magdalena 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Teaching and learning requirements of students are constantly changing due to technological development. Teaching methods should keep abreast of technology to continue stimulating learning. E-learning in occupational therapy is developing but is still largely an unexplored field in South Africa.
Method: A cross-sectional non-experimental descriptive design with a pre-test-intervention-post-test, repeated measure timeline method was used to determine change in achievement followed by a survey to determine the experience of the use of an e-learning resource. A convenience sample group of 81 first year occupational therapy students in 2010 and 2011 participated in the study.
Findings: A significant positive change in the performance and compliance of the tool to learning needs of the participants was identified. Experience was found to be positive.
Conclusion: The e-learning tool had a significant effect on learning although some resistance to e-learning was still identified but the majority experienced it as positive.
Key words: electronic media-based learning (e-learning); achievement; occupational therapy students; experience of e-learning.
Ovarian hemangioma: rare case report and review of literature
Authors: Pawar Amol P. , Garude Swapnali G. , Patwardhan Leena M. , Solanki Vrushti P. 
Published: February 2025

Ovarian haemangiomas are vascular tumours arising from ovary of female genital tract, are very rare. Not more than 60 well-documented cases of ovarian haemangioma are noted. Authors reports 77-year-old woman presented with pain in lower abdomen and discomfort along with bloating sensation since 1 month in gynaecology outpatient department (OPD) at Nowrosjee Wadia Maternity Hospital on august 2023. Ultrasonography suggestive of large cystic mass is seen the left hemi pelvis measuring 7.0×5.4 cm with multiple calcifications. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) suggestive of about 8×7.5×6 cm well-defined cystic lesion with multiple thick septae with calcification within it seen in left adnexa likely to be teratoma. Patient was posted for exploratory laparotomy. Total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salphingoopherectomy with partial dissection of retroperitoneal mass was done. Histopathology report suggested microscopic examination as ovarian tissue is replaced by variably sized thick and thin vascular channels and blood vessels. These vascular channels have partially denuded endothelial lining. The vascular channels are filled with frank haemorrhage suggestive of ovarian haemangioma. Ovarian haemangiomas sometimes coexist with genital tract diseases or even malignancies and thus ovarian haemangioma can be clinically significant.
La La importancia del bienestar subjetivo en la construcción de competitividad
Authors: Horta Roberto , Camacho Micaela 
Published: February 2025

A partir de conceptualizar la competitividad como “el proceso a través del cual, a partir de un conjunto de recursos y capacidades que son fuente de ventajas competitivas un territorio puede alcanzar objetivos de bienestar y desarrollo sostenible previamente establecidos”, los autores reflexionan sobre la relación entre competitividad y bienestar. Ello los lleva a considerar que el bienestar debe tener en cuenta elementos no solamente del bienestar objetivo (estado de situación) sino también del bienestar subjetivo (repercusión del estado en el nivel de satisfacción), y que uno de los aportes sustanciales desde la teoría económica a los procesos de construcción competitiva, es el de investigar qué elementos del bienestar económico objetivo tienen mayor impacto en el bienestar subjetivo o felicidad de la población. Se presentan investigaciones que obtienen hallazgos en esta línea así como demuestran que es posible encontrar diferencias de valoraciones respecto a la incidencia que tienen varias dimensiones del bienestar objetivo en el bienestar subjetivo, cuando se consideran diferentes regiones dentro de un determinado territorio. Estos resultados son importantes para la definición de políticas públicas y estrategias empresariales en los proceso de construcción competitiva.
Cigarette and E-Cigarette Use Among LGBT+ Youths and Young Adults According to Strength of State-Level LGBT+ Equality Protections
Authors: Kierstead Elexis C. , Yoon Stephanie N. , Iskra Madison L. , Schillo Barbara A. , Kreslake Jennifer M. 
Published: February 2025

Objectives. To examine whether the state-level LGBT+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and other identities) legal protections where LGBT+ youths and young adults reside are associated with cigarette and e-cigarette use. Methods. We drew LGBT+ respondents (aged 15–31 years; n = 1255) from a national, probability-based survey conducted from August to December 2023. We scored each state for LGBT+ equality on a scale from restrictive to protective based on the Movement Advancement Project’s 2023 policy environment. Using weighted logistic regression models, we examined the relationship between current (past 30-day) cigarette and e-cigarette use and state LGBT+ equality protections, controlling for demographics and state tobacco control expenditure. Results. LGBT+ individuals in protective policy states had 65% lower odds (odds ratio [OR] = 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.16, 0.78) of current cigarette use, and 56% lower odds (OR = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.25, 0.79) of current e-cigarette use compared with those in restrictive policy states. Conclusions. LGBT+ individuals living in protective policy environments had lower odds of current cigarette and e-cigarette use, consistent with theoretical relationships between stress, discrimination, and harmful health behaviors. Public Health Implications. Protective policies may alleviate tobacco use disparities among the LGBT+ community. ( Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print February 27, 2025:e1–e9. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308008 )
Staged Correction of Hip Contractures, Severe Knee Flexion, and Clubfoot in Arthrogryposis: Enabling Assisted Ambulation
Authors: Galán-Olleros María , García-Fernández Jaime , Figueroa-Gatica María Jesús , Martínez-González Carmen , García-García Sara , Alfonso-Bravo Carlos , Martínez-Caballero Ignacio 
Published: February 2025

Case report:
A 10-year-old boy with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) presented in a “Buddha position” with severely limited mobility, including bilateral hip, severe knee flexion, and clubfoot deformities. Surgical correction involved (1) bilateral femoral derotation and shortening osteotomies, knee capsulotomies, and soft-tissue releases; (2) gradual left knee extension using an external fixator; and (3) distal femoral extension osteotomies and Verebelyi-Ogston procedures for clubfoot correction. Postoperative recovery involved intensive rehabilitation and orthotic support. Improved lower limb alignment enabled the patient to transition from non-ambulatory to assisted walking with knee-ankle-foot orthosis.

Conclusions:
This proximal-to-distal approach significantly enhances autonomy in AMC patients with severe deformities.
Coalescence of water droplets at 125 K
Authors: Loerting Thomas , Giebelmann Johannes , Eklund Tobias , Boesenberg Ulrike , Pudell Jan-Etienne , Jo Wonhyuk , Möller Johannes , Rodriguez-Fernandez Angel , Wrigley James , Zozulya Alexey , Madsen Anders , Bartl Pit , Berner Fiona , Bauer Robert , Giesselmann Niels , Gierke Alexander , Štůsek Radim , Veselý Lukáš , Heger Dominik , Goy Claudia , Grübel Gerhard , Lehmkühler Felix , Amann-Winkel Katrin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The process of merging bubbles or droplets with one another or with a continuous phase is known as coalescence.⁠1 It takes place from the microscale, e.g., in technological applications such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound in medicine, to the macroscale, e.g., in planet and star formation. Coalescence of water droplets is an important process in nature, e.g., in Earth’s troposphere for growth of raindrops⁠2. Usually coalescence is studied at ambient temperature, but even in clouds it takes place in the temperature range down to 235 K, where water is supercooled and metastable with respect to crystalline ice.⁠3 In space, transport of molecules between water interfaces takes place at even harsher conditions in the deeply supercooled or glassy state, down to 10 K. This is for example the case for grainy amorphous ice covering interstellar dust particles in molecular clouds⁠4. Yet, it is currently unknown whether droplet coalescence occurs in deeply supercooled water at all and if so at what time scale. Here we observe that micrometer-sized glassy water droplets coalesce between ~123 and ~140 K upon slow heating on the time scale of hours to minutes based on small-angle X-ray scattering as well as scanning electron microscopy experiments. Droplet interfaces start to vanish close to water’s first glass transition temperature, indicating that water molecules experience translational motion across the droplet interfaces even under cryo-conditions. This means that glassy low-density water turns into a viscous liquid at its glass transition temperature, ruling out the possibility of an orientational glass transition⁠5 or point defect dynamics⁠6. The latter cases would not lead to a supercooled liquid but to a solid with rotational disorder. This finding helps to resolve the debate of whether amorphous ice is thermodynamically continuously connected to deeply supercooled liquid water in terms of a glass transition⁠7–12 and provides us with an ultraslow-motion observation of the processes of coalescence at high viscosities. The idea in coalescence theory13 that the viscous force arrests the droplet interfaces does not hold at 125 K, where water is of ultrahigh viscosity, but coalescence takes place.
Supercooled storage of red blood cells slows down the metabolic storage lesion
Authors: Nemkov Travis , Isiksacan Ziya , William Nishaka , Senturk Rahime , Boudreau Luke E. , Yarmush Martin L. , Acker Jason P. , D’Alessandro Angelo , Usta O. Berk 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, a life-saving intervention, is limited by reduced RBC potency over time. Cold storage at + 4°C for up to 42 days can reduce transfusion efficacy due to alterations termed the "storage lesion." Strategies to mitigate the storage lesion include alkaline additive solutions and supercooled storage to extend storage by reducing metabolic stresses. However, RBC metabolism during supercooled storage in standard or alkaline additives remains unstudied. This study, thus, investigated the impact of storage additives (alkaline E-Sol5 and standard SAGM) and temperatures (+ 4°C, -4°C, -8°C) on RBC metabolism during 21- and 42-days storage using high-throughput metabolomics. RBCs stored with E-Sol5 showed increased glycolysis and higher ratios of reduced to oxidized glutathione compared to SAGM. Supercooled storage at -4°C showed markedly lower hemolysis than − 8°C, preserved adenylate pools, decreased glucose consumption, and reduced lactate accumulation and pentose phosphate pathway activation. The combination of supercooled storage and E-Sol5 helped to preserve ATP and 2,3-DPG reservoirs, while preventing catabolism and free fatty acid accumulation. While supercooled storage with E-Sol5 offers a promising alternative to standard storage, preserving RBC metabolic and functional quality, further research is necessary to validate and improve on these foundational findings.​​
The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, fourth and fifth editions perform comparably in children with Batten Disease
Authors: Adams Heather , Augustine Erika F. , Bonifacio Kristen , Collins Alyssa , Vierhile Amy E. , Mink Jonathan W. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background: The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (Batten disease) are rare neurodegenerative lysosomal storage diseases principally of childhood onset and an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. Cognitive regression is a hallmark of the disease, and has been characterized as part of the University of Rochester Batten Center’s prospective longitudinal natural history. The objective of the present study was to establish convergent validity of the two most recent versions of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children in this population (WISC-IV, 2003; WISC-V, 2014) due to anticipated eventual obsolescence of WISC-IV. 18 children and young adults (12 males, 6 females) with a genetically confirmed NCL diagnosis were administered selected subtests from the WISC-IV and WISC-V. We used bivariate correlations and repeated measures ANOVA between matching subtests across these two WISC versions to determine convergence of the measures.
Results: WISC-IV and WISC-V verbal subtests were strongly correlated with one another and mean age-adjusted scores for comparable subtests on WISC-IV vs WISC-V were not significantly different from one another.
Conclusions: Overall, the minimal performance differences on the two measures supports combining WISC-IV and WISC-V datasets for larger-scale analyses of the neurocognitive natural history of NCL disorders.
Prospects for pastoralist-farmer conflict in Africa
Authors: Khorsandi Mostafa , Fillol Erwann , Smerald Andrew , Butterbach-Bahl Klaus , Rahimi Jaber 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Pastoralism is a major way of life in the Sahelian and Sudanian (SaSu) zone of Africa, playing an important social-environmental role through food production and the use of suitable land for seasonal migrations (transhumance). Using Earth Observation (EO) data, we systematically analyze environmental factors—water access, soil properties, topography, vegetation cover, tree cover, road access, and biomass availability— to assess the SaSu’s suitability for transhumance as well as for permanent farming systems, and provide perspectives on potential conflict zones between herders and farmers in case of conflicting interests. Our study is the first to present comprehensive and detailed transhumance corridors that account for environmental constraints. We show that 69% of conflicts from 2001–2020 involve or are related to tensions between farmers and pastoralists, while 31% of conflicts are attributed to interactions between pastoralists. Our research provides valuable insights into the complex relationships between pastoralist communities and their socio-ecological environment and highlights the critical role of EO-based decision support systems in mapping and understanding pastoralism in the SaSu region.
Beneficial reversal of dominance maintains a resistance polymorphism under fluctuating insecticide selection
Authors: Karageorgi Marianthi , Lyulina Anastasia , Bitter Mark , Lappo Egor , Greenblum Sharon , Mouza Zach , Tran Caitlynn , Huynh Andy , Oken Hayes , Schmidt Paul , Petrov Dmitri 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Large-effect functional genetic variation is commonly found in natural populations, even though natural selection should erode such variants. Theory suggests that under fluctuating selective pressures, beneficial reversal of dominance - where alleles are dominant when beneficial and recessive when deleterious - can protect these loci from selection, allowing them to persist. However, empirical evidence for this mechanism remains elusive because testing requires direct measurements of selection and dominance in natural conditions. Here, we show that insecticide-resistant alleles at the Ace locus in Drosophila melanogaster persist worldwide at intermediate frequencies and exhibit beneficial reversal of dominance. By combining laboratory and large-scale field mesocosm experiments with insecticide manipulation, and mathematical modeling, we show that the benefits of the resistant Ace alleles are dominant while their fitness costs recessive. We further show that fluctuating insecticide selection generates chromosome-scale genomic perturbations at sites linked to the resistant Ace alleles, revealing broader genomic consequences of this mechanism. Overall, our results suggest that beneficial reversal of dominance contributes to the maintenance of functional genetic variation and impacts patterns of genomic diversity via linked fluctuating selection.
Optimal scaling of protein-water interactions coupled with targeted torsional refinements yields balanced force fields suitable for simulations of single-chain folded proteins, disordered polypeptides, and protein-protein complexes
Authors: Mittal Jeetain , Phan Tien , Mohanty Priyesh 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

All-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations based on physics-based force fields, serve as an essential complement to experiments for investigating protein structure, dynamics, and interactions. Despite significant advances in force field development, achieving a consistent balance of molecular interactions that stabilize folded proteins and protein-protein complexes while simultaneously capturing the conformational dynamics of intrinsically disordered polypeptides (IDPs), remains challenging. In this work, we systematically evaluated two current state-of-the-art force fields (i) AMBER ff03ws, and (ii) AMBER ff99SBws, by comprehensively assessing their performance on both folded domains and IDPs. By selectively scaling side chain-water interactions for uncharged residues, the refined AMBER ff03w-sc force field demonstrated improved conformational stability of folded proteins while maintaining accurate representations of IDPs. However, AMBER ff03w-sc failed to correct the discrepancies in NMR-derived ps-ns timescale backbone dynamics associated with flexible loops. Interestingly, AMBER ff99SBws retained its structural stability despite the application of upscaled interactions with water for both sidechain and backbone atoms and displayed robust agreement with NMR-derived backbone dynamics. Further, a targeted refinement of glutamine backbone torsion parameters, yielded AMBER ff99SBws-STQ′, which effectively resolved discrepancies associated with glutamine α-helicity predictions. Extensive validation against small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and NMR chemical shifts, revealed that both refined force fields accurately reproduced chain dimensions and secondary structure propensities of disordered peptides and prion-like domains. Importantly, both force fields reliably maintained the stability of protein-protein complexes over microsecond timescales. Our systematic refinement strategies provide improved accuracy and transferability for simulating diverse protein systems, from folded domains to IDPs and protein complexes.
Climate-smart urbanization could reduce carbon and nitrogen emission in China
Authors: Gu Baojing , Deng Ouping , He Yueqiang , Cui Jinglan , Luo Rongfu , Wu Xiaobo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Urbanization through rural-to-urban migration can increase energy consumption if people relocate to regions with challenging climates. Here, we show that traditional urbanization could result in a more than 60% rise in residential electricity consumption in China by 2050 compared to 2020 levels. In contrast, climate-smart urbanization, a strategy that considers energy consumption intensity in migration decisions, can reduce electricity consumption intensity and associated carbon and nitrogen emissions by up to 22%. This reduction primarily stems from decreased energy demands for temperature regulation in climate-appropriate regions, minimizing seasonal cooling and heating needs. These emission reductions could generate annual social benefits valued at US$16.8-28.6 billion, encompassing significant improvements in human health, climate stability, and ecosystem health. The preference for climate-appropriate regions and policy support in the context of future climate change is expected to improve the feasibility of climate-smart urbanization, promoting carbon neutrality and environmental sustainability in the future.