bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demarcation Line Evaluation of Iontophoresis-Assisted Transepithelial Corneal Collagen Cross-linking for Keratoconus
Authors: Bonnel Samantha , Berguiga Marouen , De Rivoyre Benoit , Bedubourg Gabriel , Sendon Damien , Froussart-Maille Françoise , Rigal-Sastourne Jean-Claude 
Published: January 2015

PURPOSE:
To evaluate the visualization and depth of the demarcation line with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) after iontophoresis-assisted transepithelial corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL).

METHODS:
This prospective, consecutive, single center, non-randomized clinical study involved 15 eyes of 12 patients with keratoconus who underwent an AS-OCT scan (Spectralis; Heidelberg Engineering, Inc., Carlsbad, CA) to search for a demarcation line and its depth at 1 month after iontophoresis-assisted transepithelial CXL. AS-OCT scan measurements were performed by two independent examiners.

RESULTS:

No intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed. Kappa coefficient estimation for operator agreement in demarcation line visualization (whether it was visualized) was 70.6%. The corneal stromal demarcation line was identified in 9 eyes (60%) by both examiners. Mean depth of the corneal stromal demarcation line was 246.67 ± 50.72
µ
m (range: 183 to 339
µ
m) for the first examiner and 241.89 ± 62.52
µ
m (range: 163 to 358
µ
m) for the second examiner. There were no statistically significant differences for the measurements of the paired comparisons between the two examiners (
P
= .61). The Pearson correlation coefficient between the measurements was 0.910.

CONCLUSIONS:
Iontophoresis-assisted transepithelial CXL creates a demarcation line that can be visualized with AS-OCT, which seems less easily distinguishable and shallower than in conventional CXL. However, its depth and visualization seems to be more similar to conventional CXL than transepithelial CXL.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2015;31(1):36–40.]
Polynomial Curve Fitting of the Corneal Profile in 2.2-mm Corneal Incision Phacoemulsification
Authors: Tejedor Jaime , Gutiérrez-Carmona Francisco J. 
Published: January 2015

PURPOSE:
To model incisional axis and perpendicular corneal profile pattern changes in 2.2-mm corneal incision phacoemulsification.

METHODS:
Sixty-seven eyes of 67 patients were included in this prospective, interventional, before–after paired design study. Power vector components were obtained from keratometry (IOLMaster; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Göttingen, Germany) and topography corneal height data with the Pentacam HR (Oculus Optikgeräte, Wetzlar, Germany) preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively. Second- to sixth-order curve fitting polynomial functions of the corneal profile in the incisional and perpendicular axes were created using Matlab (The Mathworks, Inc., Natick, MA). Multivariate regression analysis was run to study the influence of potential predictors. Correlation of changes in corneal elevation and corneal radius with astigmatic parameters was also obtained.

RESULTS:

Significant changes occurred only in the J
0
(
P
= .004) and M (
P
= .001) parameters. R
2
was high with all of the fitted polynomials (0.98 to 0.99) and although the smallest root mean square error was obtained with sixth-degree polynomials (0.63 to 1.13), they were more badly conditioned and redundant than quadratic polynomials. Corneal flattening changes were obtained on axis, which was the most frequent pattern (n = 52, 77%), but were significantly larger in the incisional side than the non-incisional side (
P
= .001) and only coupled with perpendicular axis steepening in 23 patients. In the non-incisional side on axis, corneal steepening was a relatively frequent pattern (n = 22 patients, 33%). Predictors studied for profile pattern of change were only near significance. Corneal radius of curvature changes were significantly correlated with astigmatic parameters.

CONCLUSIONS:
Polynomial curve fitting is adequate for corneal biomechanical modeling of curvature and profile changes in the incisional and perpendicular axes of a 2.2-mm incision for phacoemulsification.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2015;31(1):42–47.]
Stromal Surface Topography-guided Custom Ablation as a Repair Tool for Corneal Irregular Astigmatism
Authors: Reinstein Dan Z. , Gobbe Marine , Archer Timothy J. , Youssefi Gerhard , Sutton Hugo F. S. 
Published: January 2015

PURPOSE:
To illustrate the concept of using a stromal surface topography-guided procedure for therapeutic repair after a complication following primary laser refractive surgery.

METHODS:
One case example of therapeutic retreatment for short nasal flap after primary LASIK performed in September 2000 is presented. The Artemis very high-frequency digital ultrasound arc-scanner (Arc-Scan, Inc., Morrison, CO) was used to obtain layered corneal thickness including epithelial thickness profile. Corneal front surface elevation was measured with the Orbscan II (Bausch & Lomb, Salt Lake City, UT). Stromal surface height was then calculated by subtracting epithelial thickness data from corneal front surface elevation data and used to calculate the ablation profile applied to the eye. The treatment was performed using the Ultralink system (ArcScan, Inc.), linking the ultrasound corneal thickness data with the Technolas 217c laser (Bausch & Lomb). Postoperative data were available at 30 days and 13 years.

RESULTS:

One month after treatment, the epithelial thickness map demonstrated that the difference in thickness between the thinnest and thickest points located 2.5-mm nasally was reduced by 26
µ
m (from 56 to 30
µ
m). The axial difference map demonstrated an increase in corneal curvature of approximately 4 diopters where the cornea was the flattest nasally, thereby reducing the corneal asymmetry. The anterior elevation map also showed a reduced depression nasally. The patient reported significant improvement of her night vision.

CONCLUSIONS:
This case example of stromal surface topography-guided treatment demonstrated a significant reduction in the irregularity of the stromal surface and an improvement in the topography, and the visual quality. Stromal surface topography-guided ablation might become the tool of the future for therapeutic repairs because it offers advantages over the current alternative of transepithelial phototherapeutic keratectomy.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2015;31(1):54–59.]
Soft tissue aneurysmal bone cyst: a rare case in a middle aged patient
Authors: Baker Kevin Scott , Gould Elaine S , Patel Hiten B , Hwang Sonya Jimi 
Published: January 2015

Soft tissue aneurysmal bone cyst is a rare entity, with about 20 cases reported in literature, only 3 of which are in patients over 40 years of age. We present a case of a 41 year old Latin American female who presented for evaluation of atraumatic chest pain with radiation to the left shoulder. Her initial workup was negative, including radiographic imaging of the chest and left shoulder. 4 months later, she presented to her orthopedic surgeon with a palpable mass and mild left shoulder pain. Radiographs acquired at that time demonstrated a 7.0 x 5.5 x 6.7 cm mass with rim calcification in the region of the upper triceps muscle. Subsequent CT imaging showed central areas of hypodensity and thin septations, a few of which were calcified. MR evaluation showed hemorrhagic cystic spaces with multiple fluid-fluid levels and enhancing septations. Surgical biopsy was performed and pathology was preliminarily interpreted as cystic myositis ossificans, however on final review the diagnosis of soft tissue aneurysmal bone cyst was made. The lesion was then surgically excised and no evidence of recurrence was seen on a 3 year post-op radiograph. Following description of our case, we conduct a literature review of the imaging characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of soft tissue aneurysmal bone cyst.
Historical Retreat of Alpine Glaciers in the Ahklun Mountains, Western Alaska
Authors: Walsh Patrick , Kaufman Darrell , McDaniel Tess , Beeman Jai Chowdhry 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The Ahklun Mountains support the only extant glaciers in southwestern Alaska north of the Alaska Peninsula. The glaciers were originally mapped by the U.S. Geological Survey using photogrammetry methods based on 1972–1973 aerial photos. We surveyed for presence or absence of the glaciers by fixed-wing aircraft in 2006. Of 109 glaciers originally mapped, 10 (9%) had disappeared. Using aerial imagery of a subset of 76 glaciers at three time steps between 1957 and 2009, we determined the average rate of areal loss was 45% over 52 y. At this rate, it is likely that all Ahklun Mountain glaciers will be extinguished by the end of the current century.
Analysis of Overpressure Mechanisms in a Field of Southwestern Malay Basin
Authors: Satti Iftikhar Ahmed , Ghosh Deva , Wan Yusoff Wan Ismail , Hoesni M. Jamaal 
Published: January 2015

This study demonstrate the utilization of wireline logs for pore pressure mechanism analysis in a field of southeastern Malay basin. Development of overpressures means that fluid movement in the pores is retarded both vertically and laterally. Detailed knowledge of lithology, rock history, and pressure mechanism is important for overpressure prediction. In many tertiary basins overpressure is mainly generated by compaction disequilibrium due to high deposition rate and low permeability in shales.
In Malay basin, temperature also plays an important role in generating overpressure at shallow depth as geothermal gradient is very high 40-60 oC. Pore pressure data from 10 wells is used to for mechanism analysis. Overburden pressure is calculated for all the wells by using density log and sonic velocity-vertical effective stress, vertical effective stress-density and pore pressure cross plots are used for mechanism analysis.
The results obtained from the cross plots reveal that in the study area overpressure is generated by both primary (undercompaction) and secondary mechanism such as chemical compaction and fluid expansion/hydrocarbon generation in different wells. Overpressure magnitude analysis suggests that overpressure generated due to secondary mechanism is very high as compare to primary mechanism. Eaton's method with exponent 3 for sonic velocity under-predicted the pore pressure in the wells where both primary and secondary mechanism are present but in such wells pore pressures are reasonably predicted by using higher Eaton exponent. Overpressure behavior is very complex in the study area, in some wells it start at shallow depth and increase gradually with depth whereas in some wells it start at greater depth and ramp up quickly, this complex behavior also shows the presence of different mechanisms.
For the safe drilling and completing the well economically, knowledge of overpressure is essential. Overpressure mechanism analysis is very important for overpressure prediction and it will help in understanding the behavior of pore pressure and applying the appropriate prediction method .?Accurate overpressure prediction is very important for construction of deep water seafloor facilities in HPHT environments.
Biogas and Solar Energy Use in Rural Institutions in Southern Province, Rwanda
Authors: Muhizi T , Twarabamenye E , Ndahayo F , Hakizimana A 
Published: January 2015

In Rwanda, 85% of primary energy comes from biomass. To alleviate this huge dependence, the Government banks on use of alternative sources of energy prioritising solar energy and biogas in rural areas. This paper analyses the use of the two sources in 45 rural institutions in Southern Province, using data collected through desk study and survey. The research reveals that these sources of energy are known in Rwanda, but very few rural institutions are equipped with such systems. Solar energy and biogas are used for lighting and cooking respectively. Their adoption is still government and NGOs driven. Institutions equipped with such systems experience lack of skilled technicians resulting in poor maintenance and malfunctioning. Lack of funds, little insight on the advantages of using the two sources of energy, and existing financial facilities set up by the government to promote their dissemination are major obstacles to their adoption. Therefore, departments in charge of energy should organise awareness campaign for heads of institutions to inform them on the advantages of using these energy sources. They should also set up and run specific training programmes to avail technicians capable of installing, operating and maintaining solar or biogas power systems.Keywords: Rwanda, Southern province, biogas, solar energy, uses, constraints.
Refiguring the Past, Rewriting Identity
Authors: Pallua Ulrich 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Moses Isegawa's Abyssinian Chronicles sets out to rewrite history in that it corrects the distorted colonial vision by creating symbols for a new national identity—dealing with self-consciousness, loss of self-identity, and search for identity in coming to terms with the wreckage of war and independence. In Snakepit, Isegawa returns to his native Uganda haunted by greed and megalomania, a period when Idi Amin's dictatorship turned men in power into agents of deception, extortion, and murder. This article critically analyzes the “postcolonial“ imagery in Snakepit as forms of resistance in the aftermath of colonialism and in the story “The Return of Shadow” in Viviane Sassen's collection of photographs Flamboya, and so challenge the way Western eyes have perceived the African continent. Snakepit and Flamboya thus both function as tools with which Africa's collective identity is redefined, the former coping with Uganda's post-European struggle for independence and fight against African corruption, the latter shedding light on the “darkness” Africa has been associated with by casting a post-European shadow on the image of Africa(ns).
Care Ethics and Engaging Intersectional Difference through the Body
Authors: Hamington Maurice 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This article suggests that one means for empathetically and imaginatively engaging the intersectional differences of otherness to find commonality while still honoring, recognizing, and celebrating those differences is found in the notion of embodied care—the framing of feminist care ethics in terms of its physical elements. Because embodiment remains a common denominator among humans despite the strength of intersectional differences, the body is an important means of connectivity and thus a basis for at least partial understanding between embodied beings. However, this is a humble commonality born out of responsiveness and listening because the body is also the site of inscribed differences. Authentic care is always responsive and thus respectful of the one cared for. Framing care as performed bodily actions is an effort to capture a corporal basis for morality that has the potential to help us negotiate powerful narratives of socially constructed otherness in order to engage identity-based injustice without silencing the voices and experiences of difference and dissent. Care is described as a performance of the body/self, and how such performances of the body can spark understanding across intersectional differences. The article suggests dramaturgical exercises for developing skills of caring for unfamiliar others.
Religious Heretic, Political Prophet
Authors: Johnson Terrence L. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The religious and political thought of Malcolm X underscores a radical politico-ethical tradition that speaks to a fundamental but neglected aspect of American democracy: the idea that democracy cannot flourish without a radical (individual and collective) ethics. Malcolm X's speeches, particularly in his late career, illustrate the degree to which American democracy is unrealizable unless it can give an account of human finitude in a social context of anti-Black racism. I contend that Malcolm X's move toward human rights activism during his mature political development is contingent on a radical ethics at the individual and group level. It is an ethical practice based on reflective intentionality and creative exchange. I call this vision of radical praxis abolition ethics.
The Many Misattributions of Catherine of Siena:
Authors: Brown Jennifer N. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
Texts concerning Catherine of Siena are many and varied. In addition to her legend, there are many prayers and sermons about her, as well as letters to and from the saint. Very few of these were translated into English, however. The two main English texts that survive, and which are indeed substantial, are Catherine's Dialogue—known as The Orchard of Syon—surviving in manuscript and printed form, and a translation of her Legend, surviving as a printed text. There also survives one Middle English copy of Stephen Maconi's letter in support of her canonization and an additional manuscript with identified excerpts from her vita. Other than these, all other Middle English excerpts concerning Catherine that have survived have in most cases been traced back to the Dialogue. However, nearly all of these excerpts have been misidentified. The purpose of this article is to trace the misidentified texts to their authentic sources and suggest the implications of these corrections.
La politique d’évaluation du rendement en Ontario : un alignement qui se précise dans la persévérance et la durée
Authors: Laveault Dany , Bourgeois Louise 
Published: January 2015

Donnant suite au rapport de la Commission royale sur l’éducation (CRÉ), l’Ontario a progressivement implanté les fondements d’une politique d’évaluation qui ont peu changé au cours des vingt dernières années, si ce n’est pour des ajustements visant à en actualiser le contenu et à en supprimer les principaux irritants. Jusqu’en 2010, c’est le curriculum, avec la grille d’évaluation générique, qui a constitué les assises de l’évaluation scolaire jusqu’à la publication définitive de la politique d’évaluation Faire croître le succès. Cette politique met l’accent sur le rôle de l’évaluation en tant que soutien d’apprentissage et adopte des positions audacieuses quant au cumul des notes et sur la question de l’évaluation des « habiletés d’apprentissage et habitudes de travail » (EDU, 2010) des élèves. Elle conduit les enseignants à planifier l’évaluation des apprentissages sur le long terme, à échantillonner des preuves d’apprentissage au moyen d’une variété de situations d’évaluation complexes et authentiques. Le suivi de la progression des élèves au regard de la norme provinciale est assuré par l’Office de la qualité et de la responsabilité en éducation (OQRE). Son mandat consiste à fournir une rétroaction à tous les échelons du système scolaire ontarien sur leur alignement avec les visées des politiques relatives au curriculum obligatoire. À proprement parler, c’est la refonte en profondeur des programmes-cadres en Ontario qui a le plus influencé les pratiques d’évaluation des enseignants et a soutenu une mise en oeuvre progressive de la politique d’évaluation actuelle.
Voicing "Phono-Indexicals": On the Politics of Vocalic Variation in Metasemiosis
Authors: Taylor Chris 
Published: January 2015

Research on reflexivity in communication has shown that speakers leverage a range of semiotic strategies to segment and characterize linguistic variability. My work explores how entextualization and intertextuality play key roles in dialogically managing interpretations of sociophonetic variability (cf.Schilling-Estes 1998). I examine how speakers “voice” and comment on vocalic variation by employing interrelated modes of metapragmatic typification, including eye-dialect spelling, (explicit) metapragmatic discourse, constructed dialogue (Tannen 1989), and parodic double-voicing (Bakhtin 1981; Sclafani 2009). These strategies prove indispensable to the metapragmatic framing of phono-indexicals because most phonetic features in speech become objects of metasemiotic activity by virtue of their realization in specific words and salient texts, which in turn serve as sign vehicles for vocalic variables and other “semiotic hitchhikers” (Mendoza-Denton 2011). Accordingly, our capacity to reflexively model the pragmatics of sociophonotic variables derives in large part from our ability to segment and evaluate the more metalinguistically-available structures in which these phono-indexicals occur.The case of /aw/ monophthongization in the speech of many young black women and men in Houston, Texas supports this position. Drawing on five years of ethnographic research at a public radio station in Houston, I consider how this pronunciation feature becomes tethered indexically to contested formulations of authenticity and indigineity by virtue of its occurrence in a locally-salient idiom,COMIN’ DINE([kʌmn dãːn] “coming down”). This idiom has become an enregistered emblem of a street-savvy “gangsta” persona in the popular music of Houston-based hip hop cultures. In this music, recontextualized across globally-circulating media, the expression of COMIN’ DINE puts sociophonetic variation on display, rendering it available for metasemiotic negotiation through “Bakhtinian voicing” (Jaffe 2009).
La domestication de l’Autre ou la fabrication de l’« immigrant parfait »
Authors: Haince Marie-Claude 
Published: January 2015

Au Canada, la gestion de l’immigration s’actualise à travers des technologies de contrôle subtiles qui ont pour effet de réduire les immigrants à deux catégories stigmatisantes, soit celles de « commodité » et de « menace ». Ainsi, plusieurs mécanismes sont à l’oeuvre pour s’assurer à la fois de mettre à l’écart le danger que les immigrants pourraient représenter et qu’au terme du processus de sélection il en résulte un « immigrant parfait » qui soit en mesure de répondre à ce que l’on attend de lui, d’être utile. S’appuyant sur une ethnographie réalisée au coeur des institutions canadiennes d’immigration, il s’agit ici d’exposer la matérialisation de la fabrication de l’« immigrant parfait » à travers les principes de marchandisation et de sécurisation.
Interpréter la créativité du raisonnement dans les productions d’élèves en mathématiques d’une communauté d’apprentissages multidisciplinaires interactifs
Authors: Bélanger Jean-Philippe , Deblois Lucie , Freiman Viktor 
Published: January 2015

En approfondissant le concept du jeu symbolique (Vygotsky, 1933/1966) traité dans la théorie de l’imagination créative (Smolucha, 1992), nous avons défini la notion d’imagination et de créativité pour la situer dans le processus d’apprentissage des élèves (DeBlois, 2003). Ces productions s’inscrivent dans le contexte de la résolution de problèmes algébriques par des élèves du troisième cycle du primaire et du premier cycle du secondaire. Notre étude a porté sur 50 productions d’élèves venant d’une communauté d’apprentissages multidisciplinaires interactifs (CAMI). Nous avons utilisé la métaphore des couleurs pour cerner les quatre créativités émergeant des productions des élèves.