bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome due to teprotumumab: two case reports
Authors: Elfil Mohamed , Lookian Pashayar P , Kumari Kanchan , Aladawi Mohammad , Jedras Mark , Phillips Steven M , Sattur Mithun G 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background: Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome (RCVS) involves cerebral vasculature constriction and dilation. While the exact pathophysiology of RCVS is still not fully understood, there are multiple etiological factors suggested to be implicated in triggering RCVS. We report two RCVS cases potentially linked to teprotumumab. Case 1: A 59-year-old female with Graves’ eye disease (GED) developed leg weakness and headache after initiating teprotumumab, and neuroimaging studies revealed multifocal cerebral vasospasm (CVS). Verapamil mitigated vasospasm and the patient overall improved. Case 2: A 71-year-old female with GED developed thunderclap headache two months after starting teprotumumab, with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and CVS revealed on neuroimaging studies. The patient improved on verapamil and was discharged without deficits. Conclusions: The temporal correlation between teprotumumab initiation and RCVS’s symptom onset raises concern for the potential involvement of teprotumumab in triggering RCVS via disrupting cerebrovascular modulation. Further research is needed to investigate this proposed association.
Low-affinity LFA1-dependent outside-in signaling mediates avidity modulation via the Rabin8–Rab8 axis
Authors: Kondo Naoyuki , Ueda Yoshihiro , Kinashi Tatsuo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Lymphocyte interactions mediated by leukocyte integrin lymphocyte function–associated antigen 1 (LFA1) and intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs) are important for lymphocyte trafficking and antigen recognition. Integrins are regulated by the modulation of ligand-binding affinity and avidity (valency). Although the mechanism underlying high-affinity LFA1 binding has been investigated extensively, the molecular mechanisms by which low-affinity multivalent binding initiates adhesion remain unclear. We previously showed that ICAM1 and monoclonal antibodies that recognize specific LFA1 conformations induce the accumulation of LFA1 at the contact surface. In this study, we found that the small GTPase Rab8 is critical for intracellular transport and accumulation of LFA1 at cell contact areas mediated by low-affinity LFA1-dependent outside-in signaling. Super-resolution microscopy revealed that Rab8 co-localized with LFA1 in small vesicles near the contact membrane. Inactivation of Rab8 decreased ICAM1-dependent adhesion and substantially reduced LFA1 density on the contact membrane. The GTP-bound active form of Rab8 increased cell adhesiveness and promoted LFA1 accumulation at the contact area through co-trafficking with LFA1. Rab8 activation was induced by low-affinity conformation-dependent outside-in signaling via the guanine exchange factor Rabin8, which induced Rab8 activation at the cell contact area independent of Rap1. Single-molecule imaging of ICAM1 on a supported planner lipid bilayer demonstrated that Rab8 increased the frequency of LFA1–ICAM1 interactions without affecting their binding lifetime, indicating that Rab8 is mainly involved in the modulation of LFA1 avidity rather than LFA1 affinity. The present findings underscore the importance of low-affinity conformation-dependent outside-in signaling via the Rabin8–Rab8 axis leading to the initiation of LFA1 transport to the contact area.
Adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing in cancer: molecular mechanisms and downstream targets
Authors: Cheng Hao , Yu Jun , Wong Chi Chun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I), one of the most prevalent RNA modifications, has recently garnered significant attention. The A-to-I modification actively contributes to biological and pathological processes by affecting the structure and function of various RNA molecules, including double-stranded RNA, transfer RNA, microRNA, and viral RNA. Increasing evidence suggests that A-to-I plays a crucial role in the development of human disease, particularly in cancer, and aberrant A-to-I levels are closely associated with tumorigenesis and progression through regulation of the expression of multiple oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Currently, the underlying molecular mechanisms of A-to-I modification in cancer are not comprehensively understood. Here, we review the latest advances regarding the A-to-I editing pathways implicated in cancer, describing their biological functions and their connections to the disease.
Study on the mechanism of hepatotoxicity of Aucklandiae radix through liver metabolomics and network pharmacology
Authors: Song Shen , Qiu Rongli , Huang Yan , Zhou Zhuxiu , Yan Jin , Ou Qiaochan , Wei Donghui , He Jingxuan , Liang Yi , Du Xingyue , Yao Weifeng , Lu Tulin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Aucklandiae Radix (CAR) and its roasted processed products (PAR) are extensively used in various Chinese patent medicines due to their diverse pharmacological activities. However, numerous side effects of CAR have been reported and the hepatotoxicity and the corresponding mechanisms have not been thoroughly investigated. Our study aims to explore the underlying mechanism of the hepatotoxic impacts of CAR.

Methods
In this study, metabolomic analysis was performed using liver tissue from the mice administered with different dosages of CAR/PAR extracts to examine the hepatotoxic impacts of CAR and elucidate the underlying mechanism. Network pharmacology was employed to predict the potential molecular targets and associated signaling pathways based on the distinctive compounds between CAR and PAR. A composition-target-GO-Bio process-metabolic pathway network was constructed by integrating the hepatotoxicity-related metabolic pathways. Finally, the target proteins related with the hepatotoxic effect of CAR were identified and validated in vivo.

Results
The metabolomics analysis revealed that 33 related metabolic pathways were significantly altered in the high-dose CAR group, four of which were associated with the hepatotoxicity and could be alleviated by PAR. The network identified NQO1 as the primary target of the hepatotoxic effect induced by CAR exposure, which was subsequently verified by Western Blotting. Further evidence in vivo demonstrated that Nrf2 and HO-1, closely related to NQO1, were also the main targets through which CAR induced the liver injury, and that oxidative stress should be the primary mechanism for the CAR-induced hepatotoxicity.

Conclusions
This preliminary study on the hepatic toxic injury of CAR provides a theoretical basis for the rational and safe use of CAR rationally and safely in clinical settings.
Original Research: Exploring Nurses' Use of Humor in the Workplace: A Thematic Analysis
Authors: Cadiz Edessa , Buxman Karyn , Angel Magda , Resseguie Carin , Wilder Carolyn , Chan Lilian , Bejar Jessica , Russe Jaclyn , Davidson Judy 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The nursing work environment is often stressful and can lead to burnout. The use of humor may help nurses adapt and cope. Although most would agree that, in general, humor can help build camaraderie and ease tense situations, little is known about how nurses use humor in their professional lives.

Purpose:
The study's main purpose was to explore how humor is used and perceived by nurses in the workplace.

Methods:
A sample of LPNs, RNs, and advanced practice RNs was recruited in the United States. Participants were interviewed via the videoconferencing platform Zoom. Data from the video recordings, audio transcripts, and investigators' field notes were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results:
Sixteen nurses were interviewed about their use of humor, whether intentional or spontaneous, in the workplace. Three main themes were identified: entertainment, influencing others, and well-being. Participants reported using humor with self and others, including patients, families, and colleagues. Reported benefits include emotional regulation, relationship building, and work enjoyment. Some participants noted feeling insecure over when and whether the use of humor was “appropriate.”

Conclusions:
The results indicate that nurses' use of humor in the workplace had many benefits. Participants reported that humor could relieve tension, create bonds and strengthen relationships, and enhance both learning and work environments. Many recognized that humor can also be maladaptive and harmful, and that sensitivity and caution are part of using humor skillfully. Still, the benefits of humor appear to outweigh the risks. We conclude that humor is a useful tool nurses can and should use to optimize their nursing experience.
Strengthening Nurses' Influence in Health Policy
Authors: Zalon Margarete L. , Ludwick Ruth , Patton Rebecca M. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
With nurses at the forefront of health care, the need for their active engagement in policy has never been more urgent. Numerous national and global reports call for nurses to lead policy change. The Patton Zalon Ludwick Policy Assessment Framework is intended to answer this call by serving as a foundational guide to nurses' self-assessment of their health policy actions. It includes three dimensions: engagement, partnership, and reach, each with three levels. The levels of engagement are literacy, advocacy, and influence. The partnership levels are single unit or community group, interdisciplinary team(s), and broad-based coalitions. The reach levels are based on the location of policy work: local/unit/organization, regional/state, and national/global. The dimensions are interconnected, and the levels build upon one another but are not necessarily symmetrical, linear, or prescriptive. In this article, the authors describe each dimension and level in detail, and the accompanying tables provide examples of policy goals and actions. Nurses worldwide can use this framework to engage in self-reflection and envision actions to achieve their policy goals. It will enable nurses to evolve from being policy bystanders to becoming visible, credible policy leaders.
Application of Hyaluronic Acid/Alginate Sheet to Achilles Tendon Injuries to Prevent Peritendinous Adhesions
Authors: McCahon Joseph A.S. , Bridges Tiffany N. , Parekh Selene G. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract:
Peritendinous adhesions is one of the most common complications following tendon injuries, resulting in limited joint motion and function. Interventions to optimize tendon gliding have been proposed—particularly the use of biological adjuncts such as hyaluronic acid. Several clinical and biomechanical studies have demonstrated improved tendon gliding and decreased excursion resistance with the use of a hyaluronic adjunct. We present a surgical technique using a hyaluronic acid/alginate sheet following acute repair of an Achilles tendon rupture to aid in tendon healing and prevent peritendinous adhesions.

Level of Evidence:
Diagnostic level IV.
Supporting the Primary Care Workforce Through Training in Advanced Generalist Practice: An Evaluation of the Catalyst Program
Authors: Dell’Olio Myriam , Reeve Joanne 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
As a workforce crisis is causing recruitment and retention issues for new to practice GPs, we designed Catalyst, a one-year pilot career development program aiming to help new to practice GPs develop the skills of advanced generalist practice and build capacity for the complex work of primary care. In this paper, we report the findings of our evaluation of Catalyst.

Methods:
We used normalization process theory to investigate how Catalyst was contributing to the participants' understanding and implementation of generalist practice. We conducted 36 interviews and six focus groups investigating the participants' clinical practice and experience with the program and analyzed data using framework analysis.

Results:
Establishing a shared language and reframing professional identity helped GPs develop an understanding of their role through generalist lenses. Generalist practice was legitimized by access to scientific evidence and facilitated interactive learning. Integration of scientific, applied knowledge and quality improvement work fostered the enactment of such practice. Structured reflection and research-informed quality improvement projects contributed to the participants' awareness of the primary care context.

Discussion:
Knowledge creation activities observed through interactive learning and the integration of different types of knowledge facilitated the implementation of advanced generalist practice. The participants valued the community of practice gained through the program and would come to rely on programs designed to encourage networking and enable peer support. Finally, research-informed quality improvement projects built to analyze problems and monitor solutions are crucial for an early career physician to develop a sense of agency that shapes their primary care practice.
Single-cell RNA sequencing in tuberculosis: Application and future perspectives
Authors: Zhan Yuejuan , Zhang Qiran , Wang Wenyang , Liang Wenyi , Wang Chengdi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) has one of the highest mortality rates among infectious diseases worldwide. The immune response in the host after infection is proposed to contribute significantly to the progression of TB, but the specific mechanisms involved remain to be elucidated. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) provides unbiased transcriptome sequencing of large quantities of individual cells, thereby defining biological comprehension of cellular heterogeneity and dynamic transcriptome state of cell populations in the field of immunology and is therefore increasingly applied to lung disease research. Here, we first briefly introduce the concept of scRNA-seq, followed by a summarization on the application of scRNA-seq to TB. Furthermore, we underscore the potential of scRNA-seq for clinical biomarker exploration, host-directed therapy, and precision therapy research in TB and discuss the bottlenecks that need to be overcome for the broad application of scRNA-seq to TB-related research.
A New Start with HAART: Evaluating Breast Reconstruction in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Amakiri Uchechukwu O. , Shah Jennifer K. , Akhter Maheen F. , Fung Ethan , Sheckter Clifford C. , Nazerali Rahim S. 
Published: August 2024

Background:
As HIV-positive individuals utilizing highly active antiretroviral therapy live longer, the burden of breast cancer increases in the population. Breast reconstruction is an integral aspect of surgical treatment for many patients after a breast cancer diagnosis, prompting this examination of the characteristics and outcomes of breast reconstruction in this growing patient population.

Methods:
Using Merative MarketScan Research Databases, a large multipayer database, HIV-positive adult patients who underwent autologous or implant-based breast reconstruction between 2007 and 2021 were identified using International Classification of Disease codes and Common Procedural Terminology codes. In both HIV-positive and -negative cohorts, patient demographics, procedure-related complications, and postoperative revisions were recorded. Shapiro-Wilk, chi-square, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, and multivariable logistic regression tests were used for statistical analysis.

Results:
Of 173,421 patients who underwent breast reconstruction, 1816 had an HIV diagnosis. HIV-positive patients were younger (P < 0.001), underwent surgery more recently (P < 0.001), more often underwent immediate breast reconstruction (P < 0.001), and had higher comorbidity levels (P < 0.001). There was a regional variation in which the patient cohorts underwent breast reconstruction. There was no significant difference in overall complication rates between patient groups, but HIV-negative patients more often underwent revision procedures (P = 0.009).

Conclusions:
When compared to their HIV-negative counterparts, breast reconstruction can be considered safe and efficacious in patients living with HIV. HIV-positive patients are a growing demographic who seek breast reconstruction, and surgeons must continue to further understand the unique implications of breast reconstruction in this population.
Managing Soft Tissue Defects in Parry-Romberg Syndrome: An Individualized Approach
Authors: Salita Alona D. , Shaheen Matthew K. , Gowda Arvind U. , Kouzounis Konstantinos , Lohasammakul Suphalerk , Chaiyasate Kongkrit 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Parry-Romberg syndrome (PRS) is a rare condition characterized by a progressive shrinkage and degeneration of the tissues beneath the skin, usually on one side of the face. Managing this disease presents numerous challenges due to its heterogeneity and unpredictable outcomes. The existing literature is primarily composed of case reports and series, leading to a lack of comprehensive guidelines on surgical intervention for the various manifestations of PRS. We propose an approach to address these challenges and optimize surgical outcomes.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective review of all patients who underwent surgical correction for PRS between 2012 and 2022. Surgical interventions were determined based on the location and severity of the facial defect. The revision procedures were tailored to each patient until they were satisfied with the results.

Results:
Eleven patients underwent surgical correction, with an average of 3.2 procedures per patient. Fat grafting or dermal fat grafting was sufficiently effective for mild deficits in all areas and for upper-third deficits regardless of severity. For moderate to severe defects in the mid and lower face, a combination of buried free flaps and fat grafting yielded satisfactory results. Upon final revision, all patients rated their results as satisfactory or excellent.

Conclusions:
We propose an approach to surgical management that takes into account the specific deficits of each patient. Our approach has proven to yield aesthetically pleasing and reliable results, aligning with findings in the existing literature. This method could provide a foundation for standardized guidelines and improve the prognosis for individuals with PRS.
Foot and Ankle Curricular Guidelines in Entry-Level Physical Therapist Education: How Are We Doing?
Authors: Stevens Karen , Winiger Kyle , DiLiberto Frank 
Published: August 2024

Introduction.
The Foot and Ankle Curricular Guidelines for Physical Therapist Professional Degree Programs (FACG) provided recommendations regarding essential entry-level content and skills. Eight years later, the extent of its implementation is unknown. This study characterizes entry-level Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) programs' foot and ankle curriculum with reference to the FACG.

Review of Literature.
Curricular guidelines offer recommendations to professional degree programs striving for excellence. Review and revisions of guidelines are important to keep pace with and reflect evolving evidence and practice.

Subjects.
One faculty member from 116 of 250 DPT programs participated (46.6% response rate). Participants were an average of 50.8 years old and taught a mean of 14.5 years.

Methods.
A cross-sectional 25-item online survey assessed foot and ankle contact hours, coverage of FACG recommended content, coverage of surgical procedures, and the use of FACG for curricular assessment, modification, and development.

Results.
Foot and ankle content was covered in physical therapy curriculum for a mean of 48.2 hours (range 12–120 hours). Eleven of the 25 recommended diagnoses, 29 of the 49 examination skills, 6 of the 7 intervention skills, and 3 of the 14 surgical procedures were covered by most (≥90%) of the programs. Reported use of FACG for curricular processes averaged 50.1–51.5 (0–100 numerical scale).

Discussion and Conclusions.
Across a wide range of contact hours, coverage of FACG recommended content was approximately 57% (46/81 recommended elements in ≥90% of programs). Although not specifically recommended by FACG, surgical procedures were less commonly covered by programs. Study findings question FACG implementation and may reflect differences across programs in depth and breadth of content. Identified curricular gaps may warrant addressing in future guidelines.
Predictors of Success in a Graduate, Entry-Level Professional Program: From Admissions to Graduation
Authors: Spadoni Gregory F. , Wojkowski Sarah , Smith-Turchyn Jenna , Stratford Paul W. , Grierson Lawrence 
Published: August 2024

Introduction.Admission to health professional programs (HPPs) in Canada is competitive. The purpose of this study is to evaluate how factors identifiable by the admissions package may predict incidences of academic concerns in one physiotherapy program in Canada.Review of Literature.Previous literature has identified many concepts that contribute to “academic success.” Some HPPs have investigated if admissions criteria can predict students' academic performance. However, this has not been reported in physiotherapy programs in Canada.Subjects.Study data included candidates' admissions' metrics and physiotherapy students' program data for 4 graduating cohorts, who were admitted from 2016 to 2019 inclusive (N= 256).Methods.A retrospective, nonconcurrent cohort study was used to estimate the relationship between applicant's admissions data and students' program data pertaining to academic success. Data were summarized as frequencies for categorical variables and means for continuous variables. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) and probabilities of an academic or professional concern for standard scores. Significance was set atP< .05.Results.Cohorts participating in the multiple mini-interview (MMI) had an academic concern incidence of 14/131. The virtual MMI (VMMI) cohort had an incidence of 7/125. Students with higher MMI scores were less likely to have an academic concern (OR = 0.52 [95% CI: 0.30–0.89,P= .017]). Grade point average was not significantly associated with an academic concern when combined with either MMI or VMMI (Ps > 0.05). Admissions round offer was also significantly associated with an academic concern (OR = 2.48 [95% CI: 1.00–6.12,P= .049]), with those beyond the initial round of offers having increased risk of concerns.Discussion and Conclusion.Results of the study reflect the generally low event rates for incidences of academic concerns and the relative homogeneity and range restriction of independent variables across the 4 cohorts of students. HPP's reflection on current admissions processes and ability to identify opportunities for change in admission processes helps ensure that programs are selecting candidates who are likely to succeed.