bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Particle production at RHIC and LHC energies
Authors: Tawfik A. , Gamal E. , Shalaby A. G. 
Published: July 2015

The production of pion, kaon and proton was measured in Pb–Pb collisions at nucleus–nucleus center-of-mass energy [Formula: see text] by the ALICE experiment at Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The particle ratios of these species compared to the RHIC measurements are confronted to the hadron resonance gas (HRG) model and to simulations based on the event generators PYTHIA 6.4.21 and HIJING 1.36. It is found that the homogeneous particle–antiparticle ratios (same species) are fully reproducible by means of HRG and partly by PYTHIA 6.4.21 and HIJING 1.36. The mixed kaon–pion and proton–pion ratios measured at RHIC and LHC energies seem to be reproducible by the HRG model. On the other hand, the strange abundances are underestimated in both event generators. This might be originated to strangeness suppression in the event generators and/or possible strangeness enhancement in the experimental data. It is apparent that the values of kaon–pion ratios are not sensitive to the huge increase of [Formula: see text] from 200 (RHIC) to 2760 GeV (LHC). We conclude that the ratios of produced particle at LHC seem not depending on the system size.
Using humanitarian free and open source software (HFOSS) to introduce computing for the social good
Authors: Postner Lori , Burdge Darci , Jackson Stoney , Ellis Heidi , Hislop George W. , Goggins Sean 
Published: July 2015

Humanitarian Free and Open Source Software (HFOSS) is a category of free and open source software that improves the human condition. HFOSS projects focus on a range of societal needs including microfinance, healthcare, education, and disaster relief. Many HFOSS projects are developed by international teams whose goal is to make the world a better place. These projects are often primarily used in developing nations, but many have been adopted across the world because of the robustness of the software and the ability to contribute to its direction and applications.
HFOSS projects have been successfully infused into the computing curriculum at a number of institutions in a range of ways and courses [1]. The benefits of introducing students to HFOSS projects potentially includes improved students learning, increased motivation to study computing, attracting women to computing and increased appreciation of the societal impact of computing. HFOSS projects are an excellent real-world learning environment for a number of reasons:
- The altruistic nature of HFOSS makes the community welcoming of new contributors and tolerant of student participation
- The ability to help others is a potential draw for women and under-represented minorities
- The transparency of HFOSS projects provides artifacts that can use for instructional purposes in the classroom
- Students can build a visible portfolio of their contributions to show potential employers.
However, determining which project to choose, how to incorporate HFOSS into a class and deciding how to assess students' participation, can be challenging. OpenFE is an NSF-funded project whose goal is to help faculty members introduce their students to HFOSS and become contributing members in HFOSS communities. Faculty typically start with choosing a project, then learning about the chosen project, getting up to speed on the tools and communication used by the project and getting a handle on the work flow. Then faculty members have to figure out how to integrate the project into their existing curriculum and determine how to assess the student performance. The goal of the OpenFE project is to help faculty through the hurdles presented by joining an HFOSS project.
Independent predictors of poor vitamin K antagonist control in venous thromboembolism patients
Authors: Gebel Martin , Sahin Kurtulus , Lensing Anthonie W. A. , Meijer Karina , Kooistra Hilde A. M. 
Published: July 2015

SummaryVitamin K antagonists (VKA) are used to prevent recurrent disease in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE). Their efficacy and safety depend on individual time in therapeutic range (iTTR) and variability of International Normalised Ratios (INR). We aimed to identify independent predictors of poor VKA control > 28 days. In a prospective cohort of 3825 VTE patients, separate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of low iTTR (first quartile) and instability (iTTR <median and variability >median). Subsequently, the association between these predictors and clinical outcomes was investigated. Weight < 50 kg (odds ratio [OR]=1.89; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.03–3.49), active cancer at baseline (OR=1.52; CI1.05–2.19), secondary VTE (OR=1.42; CI1.20–1.68), and INR < 2.0 at stop of double therapy (OR=1.35; CI1.09–1.67) were independent predictors of low iTTR. The first two were also predictive for instability (OR=1.96; CI1.06–3.63 and OR=1.95; CI1.36–2.80, respectively). ORs of early ( 28 days) low iTTR and instability depended on VKA type. In acenocoumarol users, early low iTTR was an independent predictor of subsequent low iTTR (OR=1.92; CI1.31–2.80) and instability (OR=1.55; CI1.07–2.23). In warfarin users, early low iTTR (OR=1.36; CI1.09–1.69) and instability (OR=1.25; CI1.01–1.55) were additionally predictive for low iTTR, but only the latter was predictive for instability (OR=1.91; CI1.57–2.32). Many predictors of VKA control also predicted premature discontinuation, but only region was prognostic for clinical outcome. In conclusion, we identified several independent predictors of low iTTR and instability > 28 days, which showed some similarities but did not fully overlap. Early VKA control was of additional value for prediction of both, but had to be interpreted in the context of VKA type.
Leaf venation patterns in the genus Saxifraga (Saxifragaceae)
Authors: Zhang Zhuoxin , XIA NIANHE , GORNALL RICHARD J. 
Published: July 2015

Details of leaf venation in 150 species of Saxifraga L. representing all 13 sections are reported. Three main patterns were observed: palinactinodromous, acrodromous and camptodromous. Species with lobed leaves have palinactinodromous patterns, whereas those with entire leaves are acrodromous or camptodromous. Thus species from sections Heterisia, Irregulares, Cymbalaria, Cotylea and Mesogyne are palinactinodromous; species from sections Saxifraga, Ciliatae, Bronchiales and Trachyphyllum, in which some have lobed and some have entire leaves, are either palinactinodromous or acrodromous, according to the leaf margin; species from sections Ligulatae and Porphyrion, whose hydathodes secrete calcium bicarbonate, have camptodromous venation. Intermediate states occur in section Gymnopera (between palinactinodromous and camptodromous) and in section Porphyrion subsection Oppositifoliae and section Xanthizoon (intermediate between acrodromous and camptodromous). The pattern of distribution across the genus and selected outgroups shows that the ancestral state is likely to be palinactinodromous.
A computational fluid dynamics study of the effects of buoyancy on air flow surrounding a building
Authors: Yau YH , Lian YC 
Published: July 2015

In designing a durable building envelope, the air flow around a building plays an important role. Buoyancy is one of the factors that can affect air flow patterns. The contribution of outdoor buoyancy to the air flow surrounding a building was studied in this research. The building studied was the headquarters of the Malaysian Energy Commission. This building has a unique architectural outlook, and is called the Diamond Building due to its design. Outdoor field data such as air velocity, ambient temperature and surface temperature were collected during physical measurement. Air flow simulation was then carried out using the computational fluid dynamics software ANSYS. A total of four cases were studied in this research. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the simulation results were carried out to show the influence of the outdoor buoyancy effect on the air flow patterns. The results showed that the air flow surrounding a building had a maximum velocity of 0.69 m/s dominated by the buoyancy effect when no wind was present. If a stronger natural wind of 3 m/s was present, the buoyancy effect was negligible. Practical application: The new findings from the outdoor buoyancy to the air flow surrounding a building in the tropics could be used as an important guide for building design engineers and researchers. The intention is to improve the design of building envelopes. Surrounding air flow has a significant influence on the building’s ventilation as well as the outdoor contaminant movement, and it penetrates the building’s envelopes. Surrounding airflow, which was considered solely contributed by wind previously, can now be examined at a more accurate airflow pattern by considering the buoyancy effect on airflow.
Pin Tract Infection Following Correction of Charcot Foot With Static Circular Fixation
Authors: Finkler Elissa S. , Kasia Christopher , Kroin Ellen , Davidson-Bell Victoria , Schiff Adam P. , Pinzur Michael S. 
Published: July 2015

Background: The traditional nonsurgical accommodative treatment for diabetes-associated Charcot foot arthropathy has been unsuccessful in improving the quality of life in affected individuals. This has led to the growing interest in surgical correction of the acquired deformity with either “super construct” internal fixation implants or fine-wire static circular external fixation. The use of static circular external fixation without implants has been demonstrated to achieve high rates of deformity correction with low complication rates. The goal of this investigation was to assess the risk of pin site infection in this high-risk patient population. Methods: Over an 11-year period, 283 consecutive diabetic patients underwent single-stage correction of Charcot foot deformity with static fine-wire circular external fixation and no internal fixation devices. Pin care was minimal. Results: Fifty-nine (20.8%) patients developed clinical signs of pin tract infection in at least 1 pin site. Forty-nine occurred in patients undergoing surgical correction of deformity in the foot. Eight occurred in patients undergoing surgical correction at the ankle level and 2 in patients undergoing complex reconstruction for combined foot and ankle deformity. Higher rates of pin site infections were observed in patients with osteomyelitis present at the time of surgery (25.6%) as compared with patients without evidence of infection (17.8%), although the difference was not statistically significant ( P = .1184). There was no correlation between body mass index and pin site infection ( P = .288). There was a statistically significant trend ( P < .05) for higher rates of pin site infection in patients with elevated hemoglobin A1C levels. Erythema and drainage resolved in all patients with local pin care and empiric oral antibiotic therapy. None of the wires were removed prematurely, and all infections resolved following removal of the circular external fixator at the scheduled time for removal. Conclusions: Pin site infection was common following surgical correction of the acquired deformity associated with Charcot foot. These acquired pin site infections were a nuisance but did not appear to add permanent morbidity or require additional surgery to resolve. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
Distal bypass to a critically ischemic foot increases the skin perfusion pressure at the opposite site of the distal anastomosis
Authors: Mochizuki Yasuaki , Hoshina Katsuyuki , Shigematsu Kunihiro , Miyata Tetsuro , Watanabe Toshiaki 
Published: July 2015

Introduction The purpose of the study was to reveal the effect of blood flow supply to the foot by analyzing the skin perfusion pressure values and the pedal arch connection after bypass surgery. Patients and methods We selected 48 operated limbs whose skin perfusion pressure was measured pre- and post-operatively on the opposite site of distal anastomosis. We also assigned the ischemic limbs to three groups according to the patency of the pedal arch: good, intermediate, and poor. Results The mean value of skin perfusion pressure increased significantly from 27.0 ± 14.9 to 52.8 ± 16.0 ( p < 0.001) post-operatively. Skin perfusion pressure improved in most of the limbs post-operatively and decreased or unchanged in only four limbs, all of which showed improved tissue loss. Three amputated limbs were due to infection, and all showed an increase in skin perfusion pressure. Conclusion It was difficult to correlate limb prognosis to skin perfusion pressure and the pedal arch connection.
A survey of feline leukaemia virus antigenaemia among cats in eastern Austria: a retrospective analysis of serum samples routinely tested between 1996 and 2011
Authors: Firth Clair L , Möstl Karin 
Published: July 2015

Objectives The aim of this retrospective analysis was to determine the seroprevalence of feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) antigenaemia among owned cats in Vienna and the surrounding area. Methods Samples were tested between 1996 and 2011 by the Department of Clinical Virology at the University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria. All samples were sent to the university as part of routine diagnostic procedures, either to determine infection in clinically symptomatic individuals or to rule out infection prior to vaccination. To allow for statistical comparison, samples analysed between 2008 and 2011 were pooled into one population (n = 444) and evaluated against samples tested in 1996 (n = 840). Furthermore, analyses of subgroups were undertaken to determine the effect of sex and age on the prevalence of FeLV antigenaemia. Results With respect to the samples tested at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna, it was determined that the level of FeLV antigenaemia in eastern Austria between 1996 and 2011 was 5.6%. The proportion of FeLV antigenaemic cats was highly variable and has not fallen significantly over this period, despite advances in vaccination, and the education of pet owners and animal welfare charities. Conclusions and relevance This study confirms the importance of continued and regular vaccination against FeLV among Austrian cats, particularly those allowed access to the outdoors. Within the remit of this retrospective study, it was not possible to follow-up results of repeat testing or of other assays (PCR) of individual cats. As a result of this, no conclusions can be drawn as to the possibility of transient antigenaemic cats or false-positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results.
Photographs of a Prayer: The (Neglected) Visual Archive and Latin American Labor History
Authors: Coleman Kevin 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Drawing on photographs of the 1954 banana workers' strike in Honduras, this article seeks to demonstrate the potential of the visual archive for recovering the historical agency of the working class. Photos from the archive of a studio photographer named Rafael Platero Paz enable me to rethink the role of United Fruit Company workers in staging an event that brought the Honduran worker into being as a new political subject. The fact that every photograph is its own certificate of a that-was-there can be drawn upon to radically historicize moments when the shutter opened to capture a particular image. After attending to the ways that the striking workers self-consciously and photographically asserted themselves — as employees, citizens, and devout Catholics — I outline a methodological framework for historians of Latin America who wish to engage with photographs, a source material of unique evidentiary and poetic force.
Philosophie africaine: histoire dune expression
Authors: Diagne Souleymane Bachir 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This article offers a reflection on the notion of ‘African philosophy’. First, its disciplinary history is examined with a specific focus on the decisive input of some of its major forerunners such as Placide Tempels but also W. V. Brelsford, Paul Radin and Léopold Sédar Senghor. At the beginning of the 1970s their ethnophilosophical pronouncements are, however, radically challenged by a new generation of francophone and anglophone thinkers such as Paulin Hountondji and Kwasi Wiredu. This article also envisages the future for ‘African philosophy’. It argues that African translators-philosophers will need to assign a central role to African languages in order to produce and translate philosophy in these languages.
Cet article propose une réflexion sur la notion de ‘philosophie africaine’. Il envisage d’abord son histoire et examine l’apport décisif de quelques précurseurs tels que Placide Tempels mais aussi W. V. Brelsford, Paul Radin, Alexis Kagamé et Léopold Sédar Senghor. Au tournant des années soixante-dix, leur vision ethnophilosophique se bute aux critiques d’une nouvelle génération de penseurs francophones et anglophones tels que Paulin Hountondji et Kwasi Wiredu. Cet essai se penche aussi sur l’avenir de la discipline. Il met ainsi en évidence le rôle primordial qu’il convient d’accorder aux langues africaines d’aujourd’hui ainsi qu’aux traducteursphilosophes à qui incombe le projet de traduire et de produire de la philosophie dans les langues africaines.
Reviews
Authors: Rodgers Eamonn , Threlfall Monica , Tedaldi Chiara 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The War and its Shadow: Spain’s Civil War in Europe’s Long Twentieth Century, Helen Graham (2012) Brighton, Portland and Toronto: Sussex Academic Press (in collaboration with the Cañada Blanch Centre for Contemporary Iberian Studies), xiv+250 pp., ISBN: 9781845195196, h/bk, £60
Majority-Minority Relations in Contemporary Women’s Movements: Strategic Sisterhood, Line Nyhagen Predell i and Beatrice Halsaa (2012) Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 352 pp., ISBN 9780280540, h/bk, £61
El Documental Cinematográfico y Televisivo Contemporáneo. Memoria, Sujeto y Formación de la Identidad Democrática Española, Isabel M. Estrada (2013) Woodbridge: Tamesis, ix+196 pp., ISBN: 9781855662513, h/bk, £60.00
Ripeness and the 2008 Djibouti-Eritrea Border Dispute
Authors: Frank Kevin K. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The border dispute between Djibouti and Eritrea provides a rare example of twenty-firstcentury interstate conflict. While not a major conflict in terms of lives lost, its location in the Horn of Africa lends an importance to the event beyond its details. Through the mediation of the Government of Qatar, the two states initiated negotiation, but it took two years from the skirmish that began the dispute until the Qatari mediation bore fruit. This case is presented through the perspective of Zartman’s ripeness theory to identify the conditions in which Qatar’s mediation became effective. While Djibouti desired international and regional mediation from the start, the Eritreans were not amenable to mediation, taking the opportunity to link the border dispute with Djibouti to wider issues of the Ethiopian-Eritrean conflict. This article identifies the growing international pressure, especially in the United Nations, and the counsel of the Qataris as providing Eritrea with the “mutually hurting stalemate” that resulted in their acquiescence to mediation. The role of Qatar is highlighted, as it was able to effect mediation where international, regional, and functional organizations’ efforts were unsuccessful. This provides an example of the importance of the mediator in bringing recalcitrant parties to an understanding that negotiation initiation may be in their best interests.
Low SAR Microstrip Patch Antenna for Mobile Phone
Authors: Hossain M. I. , Faruque M. R. I. , Islam M. T. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe aim of this article is to design a new microstrip-fed patch antenna for cell phone applications. The antenna design is composed of slots and FR-4 dielectric substrate fed by a partial ground plane and a microstrip line. The user’s effects on antenna performances are also analyzed using standard SAM phantom. The specific absorption rate (SAR) values of proposed antenna are evaluated for different frequency bands considering cheek position of talk mode. The proposed antenna has an impedance bandwidth (–10 dB reflection coefficients) 100 MHz (0.87–0.97 GHz, lower band), 50 MHz (1.47–1.52 GHz, middle band), and 150 MHz (1.78–1.93 GHz, upper band), which can cover GSM 900 MHz, GPS 1,500 MHz, DCS 1,800 MHz, PCS 1,900 MHz, and GSM 1,900 MHz bands. Moreover, the proposed antenna produces lower SAR values in the human head than that of a dipole and helical antenna.
A CPW-Fed Wide Slot Ultra-Wideband Antenna with Triple Band Rejection Characteristics
Authors: Li Yingsong , Ye Qiubo 
Published: July 2015

AbstractA coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed circular slot ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with triple band-notched characteristics is proposed and its performance is evaluated by HFSS simulation and measurement. The three notch bands are realized by means of two arc-shaped parasitic elements (ASPEs) and an E-shaped stub (ESS). By adjusting the dimensions of the ASPEs and ESS, three notch bands can be tuned to filter unwanted 3.5 GHz WiMAX, 5.5 GHz WLAN and 8 GHz X-band signals. The simulated and measured results demonstrate that the proposed antenna covers the entire UWB band with voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) less than 2 and provides three notch bands to reduce potential interferences from existing narrowband systems. Furthermore, this tri-band frequency rejection UWB antenna can provide omnidirectional radiation patterns and high rejection band-notched characteristics, which are suitable for UWB communication applications.
Development of a sickle cell disease readiness for transition assessment
Authors: Treadwell Marsha , Johnson Shirley , Sisler India , Bitsko Matthew , Gildengorin Ginny , Medina Rogelio , Barreda Fernando , Major Kimberly , Telfair Joseph , Smith Wally R. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

Background: Instrumentation with established reliability and validity is not yet routinely utilized to assess readiness for transition from pediatric to adult care for youth and young adults with chronic conditions, including sickle cell disease (SCD).

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a SCD specific readiness for transition assessment tool.

Subjects: Fifty-seven youths with SCD, ages 15–21 years, completed the initial version of the Transition Intervention Program – Readiness for Transition (TIP-RFT) assessment; 113 youths/young adults with SCD, ages 14–26 years, at two distinct sites of care completed a refined version of the TIP-RFT.

Methods: The TIP-RFT was constructed based on a literature review, provider and patient consensus and assessed domains including knowledge and skills in medical self-care, social support, health benefits and independent living and educational/vocational skills. We used principal components factor analysis to evaluate TIP-RFT responses and assessed differences in TIP-RFT scores in relation to age, gender, sickle cell diagnosis and site of care.

Results: The original TIP-RFT, which had demonstrated face validity, was reduced from 56 to 22 items. The revised instrument consisting of four subscales demonstrated good internal consistency reliability and construct validity.

Conclusion: Our results support that the TIP-RFT is a valid and reliable tool for the assessment of transition readiness for youths with SCD. The TIP-RFT assessment can guide interventions to improve transition readiness and can provide a foundation for future research on other variables that might be associated with transition readiness.