bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Snow Distribution Patterns Revisited: A Physics‐Based and Machine Learning Hybrid Approach to Snow Distribution Mapping in the Sub‐Arctic
Authors: Crumley R. L. , Bachand C. L. , Bennett K. E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSnowpack distribution in Arctic and alpine landscapes often occurs in repeating, year‐to‐year patterns due to local topographic, weather, and vegetation characteristics. Previous studies have suggested that with years of observational data, these snow distribution patterns can be statistically integrated into a snow process modeling workflow. Recent advances in snow hydrology and machine learning (ML) have increased our ability to predict snowpack distribution using in‐situ observations, remote sensing data sets, and simple landscape characteristics that can be easily obtained for most environments. Here, we propose a hybrid approach to couple a ML snow distribution pattern (MLSDP) map with a physics‐based, snow process model. We trained a random forest ML algorithm on tens of thousands of snow survey observations from a subarctic study area on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska, collected during peak snow water equivalent (SWE). We validated hybrid model outputs using in‐situ snow depth and SWE observations, as well as a light detection and ranging data set and a distributed temperature profiling sensor data set. When the hybrid results were compared with the physics‐based method, the hybrid method more accurately depicted the spatial patterns of the snowpack, areas of drifting snow, and years when no in‐situ observations were used in the random forest ML training data set. The hybrid method also showed improvements in root mean squared error at 61% of locations where time‐series estimations of snow depth were observed. These results can be applied to any physics‐based model to improve the snow distribution patterning to reflect observed conditions in high latitude and high elevation cold region environments.
Non‐Synchronization of the Decadal Transition in Winter Near‐Surface Wind Speed Across Northern and Southern China
Authors: Chuan Ting , Zha Jinlin , Wu Jian , Zhao Deming , Fan Wenxuan , Jiang Huiping , Lyu Yanjun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDecadal variations in near‐surface wind speed (NSWS) and their causes are poorly understood. We found that the decadal transition of winter NSWS in northern China (NC) was 10 years earlier than in southern China (SC), which could be linked to the changes in intensities of the eastward wave‐activity flux and Siberian High (SH) induced by the Warm Arctic‐Cold Eurasia (WACE) dipole pattern. From 1973 to 1990, the WACE pattern from positive to negative phases confined the eastward wave trains to high latitudes with a decreasing SH, inducing an NSWS reduction. From 1991 to 2000, the WACE strengthened from negative to positive phases, causing a decadal transition in NSWS first in NC. After 2000, accompanied by the strengthening of the positive WACE, the eastward wave trains propagated downstream to lower latitudes, the SH and the meridional pressure gradient enhanced. Therefore, the transition of decadal NSWS occurred in SC until 2000.
Parametric Study of the Harmonic Structure of Lower Hybrid Waves Driven by Energetic Ions
Authors: Kotani Tsubasa , Toida Mieko , Moritaka Toseo , Taguchi Satoshi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe harmonic structure of lower hybrid waves (LHWs) driven by energetic ions can be generated through non‐linear wave‐wave coupling. We investigate the parameter dependence of the excitation and time evolution of this structure, using one‐dimensional electromagnetic particle‐in‐cell (PIC) simulations. Focusing on two parameters, (ratio of the electron plasma to electron gyro frequencies) and (ratio of energetic‐ion to Alfvén velocities), we analyze the fluctuation spectra in the wavenumber‐frequency plane and demonstrate that the harmonic structure can be excited across wide parameter ranges of and , indicating a weak parameter dependence. However, the excitation region and time evolution of the harmonic structure can be significantly affected by these parameters. We find that conditions of low and intermediate are preferable for the excitation and survival of the harmonic structure. Previous observations have reported the harmonic structure of LHWs in the polar region at 4,000 km altitude and in the plasma sheet at XGSM 17 . Nevertheless, this study predicts that the harmonic structure can also be excited in other regions of the magnetosphere where energetic ions are present.
Wilson disease (novel ATP7B variants) with concomitant FLNC-related cardiomyopathy
Authors: Imai Takeshi , Mitsuhashi Satomi , Isahaya Kenji , Shibata Soichiro , Kawai Yosuke , Omae Yosuke , Tokunaga Katsushi ,   NCBN Controls WGS Consortium, Ishibashi-Ueda Hatsue , Tomita Tsutomu , Noguchi Michio , Takahashi Ayako , Goto Yu-ichi , Yoshida Sumiko , Hattori Kotaro , Matsumura Ryo , Iida Aritoshi , Maruoka Yutaka , Gatanaga Hiroyuki , Shimomura Akihiko , Sugiyama Masaya , Suzuki Satoshi , Miyo Kengo , Matsubara Yoichi , Umezawa Akihiro , Hata Kenichiro , Kaname Tadashi , Ozaki Kouichi , Tokuda Haruhiko , Watanabe Hiroshi , Niida Shumpei , Noiri Eisei , Kitajima Koji , Omae Yosuke , Miyahara Reiko , Shimanuki Hideyuki , Kawai Yosuke , Tokunaga Katsushi , Yamano Yoshihisa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We report a case of Wilson disease (WD) with dilated cardiomyopathy in which whole-genome sequencing (WGS) revealed the rare co-occurrence of two novel compound heterozygous ATP7B pathogenic variants (NM_001005918.3:c.2250del/p.N751Tfs*9 and c.3496C>T/p.L1166F) and a known FLNC pathogenic variant. Our results highlight the usefulness of WGS, even in the diagnosis of well-characterized genetic diseases such as WD.
Exploring the interactions between Nosema ceranae infection and the honey bee gut microbiome
Authors: Lau Edmund , Maccaro Jessica , McFrederick Quinn S , Nieh James C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractManaged colonies of the European honey bee, Apis mellifera, have faced considerable losses in recent years. A widespread contributing factor is a microsporidian pathogen, Nosema ceranae, which occurs worldwide, is increasingly resistant to antibiotic treatment, and can alter the host’s immune response and nutritional uptake. These obligate gut pathogens share their environment with a natural honey bee microbiome whose composition can affect pathogen resistance. We tested the effect of N. ceranae infection on this microbiome by feeding 5 day-old adult bees that had natural, fully developed microbiomes with live N. ceranae spores (40,000 per bee) or a sham inoculation, sterile 2.0 M sucrose solution. We caged and reared these bees in a controlled lab environment and tracked their mortality over 12 d, after which we dissected them, measured their infection levels (gut spore counts), and analyzed their microbiomes. Bees fed live spores had two-fold higher mortality by 12 d and 36.5-fold more spores per bee than controls. There were also strong colony effects on infection levels, and 9% of spore-inoculated bees had no spore counts at all (defined as fed-spores-but-not-infected). Nosema ceranae infection had significant but subtle effects on the gut microbiomes of experimentally infected bees, bees with different infection levels, and fed-spores-but-not-infected vs. bees with gut spores. Specific bacteria, including Gilliamella ASVs, were positively associated with infection, indicating that multiple strains of core gut microbes either facilitate or resist N. ceranae infection. Future studies on the interactions between bacterial, pathogen, and host genotypes would be illuminating.
Analysis of crude wastewater from two treatment plants in South Wales for 35 new psychoactive substances and cocaine, and cannabis
Authors: Davies Bethan , Paul Richard , Osselton David , Woolley Timothy 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the presence of new psychoactive substances (NPS) and their metabolites in two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) situated in South Wales, UK (WWTP-1 and WWTP-2). Analysis was conducted for 35 NPS and metabolites, along with the inclusion of benzoylecgonine (main cocaine metabolite) and cannabis, the most detected illicit substances. Benzoylecgonine was identified as the predominant substance in both WWTPs. Epidemiological calculations revealed the average population consumption of cocaine to be 3.88 mg/d/1000 inhabitants around WWTP-1 and 1.97 mg/d/1000 inhabitants for WWTP-2. The removal efficiency of benzoylecgonine across both WWTPs was observed at an average of 73%. Subsequent qualitative analyses on randomly selected wastewater samples detected medicinal compounds including buprenorphine, methadone, and codeine in both WWTPs. An additional experiment employing enzymatic hydrolysis revealed the presence of morphine, an increased presence of codeine, and 11-Nor-9-Carboxy-THC (THC-COOH) post-hydrolysis. These findings underscore the significant presence of illicit substances and medicinal compounds in wastewater systems with the absence of NPS within the South Wales area, highlighting the necessity for enhanced monitoring and treatment strategies to address public health and environmental concerns.
Modified Harris Hawks optimization for the 3E feasibility assessment of a hybrid renewable energy system
Authors: Rathod Asmita Ajay , S Balaji 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe off-grid Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES) demonstrate great potential to be sustainable and economically feasible options to meet the growing energy needs and counter the depletion of conventional energy sources. Therefore, it is crucial to optimize the size of HRES components to assess system cost and dependability. This paper presents the optimal sizing of HRES to provide a very cost-effective and efficient solution for supplying power to a rural region. This study develops a PV-Wind-Battery-DG system with an objective of 3E analysis which includes Energy, Economic, and Environmental CO2 emissions. Indispensable parameters like technical parameters (Loss of Power Supply Probability, Renewable factor, PV fraction, and Wind fraction) and social factor (Human Developing Index) are evaluated to show the proposed modified Harris Hawks Optimization (mHHO) algorithm’s merits over the existing algorithms. To achieve the objectives, the proposed mHHO algorithm uses nine distinct operators to obtain simultaneous optimization. Furthermore, the performance of mHHO is evaluated by using the CEC 2019 test suite and the most optimal mHHO is chosen for sizing and 3E analysis of HRES. The findings demonstrate that the mHHO has achieved optimized values for Cost of Energy (COE), Net Present Cost (NPC), and Annualized System Cost (ASC) with the lowest values being 0.14130 $/kWh, 1,649,900$, and 1,16,090$/year respectively. The reduction in COE value using the proposed mHHO approach is 0.49% in comparison with most of the other MH-algorithms. Additionally, the system primarily relies on renewable sources, with diesel usage accounting for only 0.03% of power generation. Overall, this study effectively addresses the challenge of performing a 3E analysis with mHHO algorithm which exhibits excellent convergence and is capable of producing high-quality outcomes in the design of HRES. The mHHO algorithm attains optimal economic efficiency while simultaneously minimizing the impact on the environment and maintaining a high human development index.
Results of two cross-sectional database analyses regarding nap-induced modulations of tinnitus
Authors: Guillard Robin , Schecklmann Martin , Simoes Jorge , Langguth Berthold , Londero Alain , Congedo Marco , Michiels Sarah , Vesala Markku , Goedhart Hazel , Wetter Thomas , Weber Franziska C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe influence of naps on tinnitus was systematically assessed by exploring the frequency, clinical and demographic characteristics of this phenomenon. 9,724 data from two different tinnitus databases (Tinnitus Hub: n = 6115; Tinnitus Research Initiative (TRI): n = 3627) were included. After separate analysis of the databases, these results were then compared with each other. In the Tinnitus Hub survey database, a total of 31.1% reported an influence on tinnitus by taking a nap (26.9% in the TRI database), with much more frequent worsening after a nap than improvement (23.0% a little or a lot worse; TRI: 17.7% worse; 8.1% a little or a lot better; TRI: 9.2% better). The influence of napping on tinnitus was associated in both databases with other clinical features, such as the dependence of tinnitus on night quality, stress and somatosensory maneuvers. The present study confirms the clinical observation that more tinnitus sufferers report worsening after a nap than tinnitus sufferers reporting an improvement. It was consistently shown that tinnitus sufferers reporting nap-induced modulation of tinnitus also report more frequently an influence of night sleep on their tinnitus. Further clinical and polysomnographic research is warranted to better understand the interaction between sleep and tinnitus.
The Effect of the HALP Score on the Development of Bladder Cancer Recurrence in Patients Undergoing Radical Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Tumours
Authors: Yoldas Mehmet , Arikan Yusuf , Kuvvet Yoldas Tuba 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background We aimed to investigate the effect of the haemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte and platelet (HALP) score on pathologic results and bladder cancer recurrence (BCR) in patients operated for upper urinary tract tumours (UTUCs).

Material and Methods HALP scores of all patients were calculated. Demographic data, preoperative blood parameters, pathologic data and the BCR development status of patients with low and high HALP scores were compared.

Results Haemoglobin (11.2±2.3 g/dL vs. 12.9±2.4 g/dL), albumin (4.0±0.8 g/dL vs. 4.4±0.9 g/dL) and HALP score (38.2±2.9 vs. 43.4±3.1) were statistically lower in the BCR (+) group compared with the BCR (–) group (p<0.001). The ROC curve showed that the optimal cut-off point for the HALP score was 40.8. Multivariate analyses showed that the HALP score was effective on Tumour Grade, Tumour Stage, BCR.

Conclusion We have shown that patients with lower HALP scores have a more advanced stage and higher-grade pathologic outcomes and have a higher risk of developing BCR.
A Single Sauna Session Does Not Improve Postprandial Blood Glucose
Handling in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Over, Randomized,
Controlled Trial
Authors: Schenaarts Laura , Hendriks Floris K , Fuchs Cas J , Sluijsmans Wendy EM , Snijders Tim , van Loon Luc JC 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction Passive heat treatment has been suggested to improve glycemic
control in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous studies
have focused predominantly on hot water immersion and traditional sauna bathing,
as opposed to the more novel method of infrared-based sauna bathing. Here, the
impact of a single infrared sauna session on post-prandial glycemic control was
assessed in older individuals with T2DM.
Methods In this randomized controlled crossover trial, 12 participants
with T2DM (male/female: 10/2, age: 69±7 y, BMI: 27.5±2.9 kg/m2)
rested in an infrared sauna twice: once in a heated (60°C) and once in a
thermoneutral (21°C) condition for 40 min, immediately followed by a 2-h oral
glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Venous blood samples were obtained to assess
plasma glucose and insulin concentrations and to determine the whole-body
composite insulin sensitivity index.
Results Body core and leg skin temperature were higher following the
heated condition compared to the thermoneutral condition (38.0±0.3 vs.
36.6±0.2°C and 39.4±0.8 vs. 31.3±0.8°C, respectively; P<0.001 for both). The
incremental area under the curve (iAUC) of plasma glucose concentrations during
the OGTT was higher after the heated condition compared to the thermoneutral
condition (17.7±3.1 vs. 14.8±2.8 mmol/L/120 min; P<0.001). No differences
were observed in plasma insulin concentrations (heated: 380±194 vs.
thermoneutral: 376±210 pmol/L/120 min; P=0.93) or whole-body composite insulin
sensitivity indexes (4.5±2.8 vs. 4.5±2.1; P=0.67).
Conclusions A single infrared sauna session does not improve postprandial
blood glucose handling in individuals with T2DM. Future studies should assess
the effect of more prolonged application of infrared sauna bathing on daily
glycemic control.
Traumatic Intracranial Intrusion of the Mandibular Condyle in the Middle Fossa: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Meneses-Santos Daniela , Sol Izabella , Rodrigues Cristóvão Marcondes de Castro , Oliveira Rodolfo Evangelista Pinto de , Silva Cláudia Jordão , Silva Marcelo Caetano Parreira da 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe displacement of the condyle into the middle cranial fossa after a high kinetic trauma represents a rare and low prevalence situation in the clinical routine of the maxillofacial surgeon. After a motorcycle accident, a 19-year-old male patient evolves with displacement of the left mandibular condyle to the middle cranial fossa, requiring surgical management in association with the neurosurgical team for repositioning and reconstruction of the glenoid fossa. After craniotomy, the condyle was visualized in the middle fossa. After bone disimpaction with a driller, the condyle was repositioned and the glenoid fossa was reconstructed with a titanium mesh. After 12 months of follow-up, no neurological or functional sequela was observed. The displacement of the mandibular condyle to the cranial fossa is rarely reported in the literature. It requires a multidisciplinary team for its management. Long-term follow-up is also necessary, especially in young patients.
Social-ecological factors associated with trajectories of adolescent sexual and reproductive health stigma: longitudinal cohort findings with urban refugee youth in Kampala
Authors: Logie Carmen H. , Okumu Moses , MacKenzie Frannie , Kibuuka-Musoke Daniel , Hakiza Robert , Katisi Brenda , Nakitende Aidah , Mbuagbaw Lawrence , Kyambadde Peter , Admassu Zerihun 
Published: August 2024

Background Stigma towards sexually active young people presents profound barriers to uptake of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services, including HIV testing and contraception. Yet, few studies have examined adolescent SRH stigma trajectories over time. To address this knowledge gap, we examined associations between social-ecological factors and trajectories of adolescent SRH stigma among urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda. Methods This longitudinal cohort study with refugee youth in Kampala collected data on adolescent SRH stigma at four time-points between 2022 and 2024. We used latent class growth analyses to examine distinct trajectories of adolescent SRH stigma, and examined baseline social-ecological and socio-demographic factors associated with class membership using multivariable logistic regression. Results Among the participants (n = 164 with n = 668 observations; mean age 19.9 years, standard deviation 2.5 years; 52.8% cisgender women), we categorised two distinct adolescent SRH stigma trajectories: consistently high (n = 496; 74.2%) and sustained low (n = 172; 25.8%). In multivariable analyses, living in Uganda ≥1 year at baseline assessment (1–5 years: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 5.28, confidence interval [CI] 2.29–12.19, P < 0.001; 6–10 years: aOR 6.20, CI 2.61–14.69, P < 0.001; or >10 years: aOR 3.89, CI 1.56–9.68, P < 0.01) compared with <1 year, unemployment (aOR 1.62, CI 1.02–2.56, P < 0.05), having children (aOR 2.84, CI 1.30–6.21, P < 0.05), past 3-month multiple sexual partners (aOR 6.14, CI 1.73–21.75, P < 0.01) and higher depression symptoms (aOR 1.04, CI 1.01–1.08, P < 0.01) were associated with the consistently high (vs sustained low) adolescent SRH stigma trajectory. Conclusions Social-ecological and socio-demographic factors were associated with consistently high levels of adolescent SRH stigma over 2 years. Multi-level strategies can meaningfully engage youth in developing stigma reduction strategies for SRH service delivery.
Pedagogical potential of Cognitive Grammar descriptions for the pluperfect in Spanish
Authors: Sánchez Cuadrado Adolfo , Castañeda Castro Alejandro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Second/foreign language grammar studies usually focus on the validation of grammatical conceptualizations with
learners, sometimes overlooking the paramount need to test these conceptualizations against users’ judgements and corpus searches
as a way of verifying the relevance, frequency and suitability of the items, examples or explanations before the experimental
phases. This paper deals with three pre-experimental validation criteria employed to measure the pedagogical potential of
Cognitive Grammar descriptions for the Spanish pluperfect: (1) learner corpus searches based on caes – Corpus de
Aprendices de Español –, (2) native-speaker corpus searches by means of EsTenTen-18-subcorpus from Sketch Engine, and (3) language
users’ judgements. This tense rarely receives enough attention in learning materials due to its apparent simplicity in terms of
both morphology and functional import. However, learner corpus searches show certain instability in its use. This paper explores
the steps taken within the research project imagine in relation to this tense, including grammatical descriptions
developed within the Cognitive Grammar framework and from a temporal-epistemic perspective in an attempt to account for the
variety of uses of this tense.
Owner-Directed Aggression in a Golden Retriever Male – A Case Study
Authors: Pooley Roz 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A Golden Retriever male was exhibiting owner-directed aggression (growling, snarling and baring teeth) and occasional avoidance behaviour of the male owner within the home environment. Blood tests and X-rays prior to assessment were unremarkable in addition to an unsuccessful analgesic trial. Extensive information gathering was undertaken during the assessment and in the months that followed. Potential motivating factors identified, including gastro-intestinal discomfort, frustration, physical stress (lack of appetite and lack of rest) and defensive behaviour, proved challenging to isolate. A multi-modal approach to behaviour modification was applied, including further exploration of the dog’s health to rule out undiagnosed pain. giardiasis antigen was identified during a faecal screen and treated, resulting in an improved appetite. Potential gait abnormalities were observed leading to examination by a hydro therapist and registered physiotherapist, both of whom could not identify any concern. Following the owner reporting a potential pain response to the dog’s hind-foot being touched, the referring veterinarian opted to prescribe a second analgesic trial using a different medication. Aggressive incidents ceased to occur while the dog was on pain relief, and the aggressive behaviour returned once the trial was completed. This led to the continued use of analgesia and a further cessation of aggressive behaviour, despite no formal health diagnosis being made by the referring veterinarian to date.

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