bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carriers of filaggrin gene (FLG) mutations avoid professional exposure to irritants in adulthood
Authors: Bandier Josefine , Ross‐Hansen Katrine , Carlsen Berit C. , Menné Torkil , Linneberg Allan , Stender Steen , Szecsi Pal B. , Meldgaard Michael , Thyssen Jacob P. , Johansen Jeanne D. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryBackgroundLoss‐of‐function mutations in the filaggrin gene (FLG) are associated with xerosis, atopic dermatitis, and early onset of hand eczema. Irritant exposure is a risk factor for occupational hand eczema, and FLG mutations increase the risk of occupational irritant contact dermatitis on the hands in hospital cohorts. It is unknown whether FLG mutations affect the level of irritant exposure.ObjectivesTo evaluate whether exposure to occupational irritants was dependent on FLG mutations, atopic dermatitis, and age at hand eczema onset.MethodsRandomly chosen Danish adults completed a questionnaire on general health and occupational exposures. Genotyping for FLG mutations (R501X, 2282del4, and R2447X) and patch testing were performed.ResultsOverall, 38.7% of subjects reported present or previous occupational exposure to irritants. Among individuals who reported hand eczema onset before entering their work life, 50.6% (45/89) of FLG non‐mutation carriers became exposed to irritants, as compared with 28.6% (4/14) of heterozygous and 0% (0/6) of homozygous mutation carriers (p = 0.006). Avoidance was conspicuous among mutation carriers reporting childhood hand eczema and atopic dermatitis (odds ratio 0.08, 95% confidence interval 0.01–0.65).ConclusionsCarriers of FLG mutations who have had hand eczema onset in childhood avoid occupational exposure to irritants; the association is most marked with homozygous mutation status combined with atopic dermatitis.
Suitability, success and sinks: how do predictions of nesting distributions relate to fitness parameters in high arctic waders?
Authors: Pellissier Loïc , Meltofte Hans , Hansen Jannik , Schmidt Niels M. , Tamstorf Mikkel P. , Maiorano Luigi , Aastrup Peter , Olsen Jeppe , Guisan Antoine , Wisz Mary S. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAimAlthough habitat suitability maps derived from species distribution models (SDMs) are often assumed to highlight locations that can sustain healthy populations over time, the relationship between suitability scores and fitness parameters has rarely been tested thoroughly.LocationZackenberg Valley, north‐east Greenland.MethodsUsing 14 years of data (1997–2010) representing three wader species (dunlin Calidris alpina, sanderling Calidris alba and ruddy turnstone Arenaria interpres), we tested the relationships between modelled suitability and fitness parameters at nesting locations.ResultsAmong the three species examined, only the ruddy turnstone exhibited significant relationships between suitability and nest success, but over time rather than space. During years with extensive snow cover in the landscape, the nesting sites of ruddy turnstone occurred in different habitats than were typically used across years. Moreover, in years with extensive snow cover, the ruddy turnstone initiated nests later and suffered from higher egg predation rates.Main conclusionOur results suggest that SDMs derived from species occurrences that include years of low reproductive success may over‐estimate the potential suitable habitat in the landscape. Whenever possible, variation in reproductive success should be considered when building models to inform species' response to environmental change.
Theory of mind and epilepsy: What clinical implications?
Authors: Giovagnoli Anna Rita , Parente Annalisa , Villani Flavio , Franceschetti Silvana , Spreafico Roberto 
Published: June 2013

SummaryPurposeEpilepsy can impair theory of mind (ToM), but the clinical significance of such a deficit is unknown. This study evaluated the influence of selective ToM deficits on self‐appraisal, coping, and quality of life (QoL) in patients with focal epilepsy.MethodsData were collected from 66 patients with temporal or frontal lobe epilepsy, and from 42 healthy controls. The Faux Pas Task (FPT), Multiple Ability Self‐report Questionnaire (MASQ), Coping Responses Inventory‐Adult (CRI‐Adult), and World Health Organization QoL 100 (WHOQoL 100) evaluated ToM, self‐rated cognitive abilities, coping to stressful events, and QoL. Different tests and inventories assessed other cognitive functions, depression, and anxiety.Key FindingsPatients were impaired in the recognition and comprehension of social faux pas. The FPT scores contributed to predict the MASQ, CRI‐Adult, and WHOQoL overall scores; the comprehension of others' mental states and interactions score exerted a prominent influence.SignificanceIn patients with focal epilepsy, selective ToM deficits may have clinical implications, with specific influence on self‐appraisal, coping, and overall QoL. ToM evaluation may contribute in explaining some psychobehavioral difficulties and to plan nonpharmacological treatment.
Crop‐to‐wild gene flow and spatial genetic structure in the closest wild relatives of the cultivated apple
Authors: Cornille Amandine , Gladieux Pierre , Giraud Tatiana 
Published: June 2013

AbstractCrop‐to‐wild gene flow have important evolutionary and ecological consequences and require careful consideration in conservation programs for wild genetic resources of potential use in breeding programs and in assessments of the risk of transgene escape into natural ecosystems. Using 26 microsatellites and a set of 1181 trees, we investigated the extent of introgression from the cultivated apple, Malus domestica, to its three closest wild relatives, M. sylvestris in Europe, M. orientalis in the Caucasus, and M. sieversii in Central Asia. We found footprints of introgression from M. domestica to M. orientalis (3.2% of hybrids), M. sieversii (14.8%), and M. sylvestris (36.7%). Malus sieversii and M. orientalis presented weak, but significant genetic structures across their geographic range. Malus orientalis displayed genetic differentiation with three differentiated populations in Turkey, Armenia, and Russia. Malus sieversii consisted of a main population spread over Central Asia and a smaller population in the Tian Shan Mountains. The low Sp values suggest high dispersal capacities for the wild apple relatives. High potential for crop‐to‐wild gene flow in apples needs to be considered in the implementation of in situ and ex situ actions for the conservation of wild apple genetic resources potentially useful to plant breeding.
Targeting iHSP 70 in vitiligo: a critical step for cure?
Authors: Taïeb Alain , Seneschal Julien 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe group of Caroline Le Poole has produced a series of elegant papers suggesting an innovative rationale for the treatment of vitiligo by limiting native iHSP70 expression, with subsequent blockade of DC activation and melanocyte loss via T‐cell‐specific autoimmune responses. The proof of concept was made in a mouse model of the use of a mutant iHSP70 blunting this response. The comment emphasizes that in vitiligo, a skin and possibly epidermal defect underlies the initial steps leading to inflammation and subsequent melanocyte demise and discusses the relevance of targeting iHSP in this context.
Effects of hyperoxia on the permeability of 16HBE14o– cell monolayers – the protective role of antioxidant vitamins E and C
Authors: Al‐Shmgani Hanady S. , Moate Roy M. , Macnaughton Peter D. , Sneyd J. Robert , Moody A. John 
Published: June 2013

The use of hyperoxia for critically ill patients is associated with adverse impacts resulting in lung injury accompanied by inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate aspects of mechanisms that contribute to hyperoxia‐induced disruption of the epithelial permeability barrier, and also the protective effects of the antioxidants α‐tocopherol and ascorbate. 16HBE14o– cells were cultured as monolayers at an air–liquid interface for 6 days, after which transepithelial electrical resistance reached 251.2 ± 4.1 Ω.cm2 (mean ± standard error of the mean). They were then exposed for 24 h to normoxia (21% O2, 5% CO2), hyperoxia (95% O2, 5% CO2), hyperoxia with 10−7 m α‐tocopherol, hyperoxia with 10−7 m ascorbate, hyperoxia with 10−6 m ascorbate, and hyperoxia with a combination of α‐tocopherol and ascorbate (10−7 m and 10−6 m, respectively). Significant reductions (P < 0.05) in transepithelial electrical resistance seen after hyperoxia (with or without antioxidants) were associated with reductions in the levels of zona occludens‐1 (ZO‐1) observed by immunohistochemistry, and downregulation of ZO‐1 expression (P < 0.01) as compared with normoxia. In contrast, the expression levels of interleukin (IL)‐8, IL‐6 and tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) were increased after hyperoxia (P < 0.01), and marked increases in the levels of these cytokines (ELISA) were seen in the medium (P < 0.001) as compared with normoxia. The antioxidant vitamins E and C had a partial protective effect against the hyperoxia‐induced reduction in ZO‐1 levels and the increase in levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL‐8, IL‐6, and TNF‐α. In conclusion, hyperoxia‐induced epithelial disruption is associated with tight junction weakening, and induction of a proinflammatory environment.
Impact of personality and depression on quality of life in patients with severe haemophilia in Korea
Authors: Kim S.‐Y. , Kim S.‐W. , Kim J.‐M. , Shin I.‐S. , Baek H.‐J. , Lee H.‐S. , Hwang T.‐J. , Yoon J.‐S. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryAmong reports on the psychological variables that influence quality of life (QoL), none has addressed the impact of personality on QoL in patients with haemophilia. We investigated the impact of psychosocial variables including depression and personality on QoL in patients with severe haemophilia. A cross‐sectional survey examining psychosocial and clinical characteristics was administered to Korean patients with severe haemophilia. Personality traits were ascertained using the 10‐item short version of the Big Five Inventory, which quantifies five personality dimensions including extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism and openness. Patient QoL and depression were measured by the World Health Organization Quality of Life‐abbreviated version and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) respectively. Multivariate linear regression analyses were used for each domain to determine the impact of psychological variables on QoL. Of the 53 subjects who consented to participate, 46 cases were finally analysed. Multivariate linear regression analyses demonstrated that agreeableness was significantly and positively associated with the physical health domain of QoL. Openness was independently and positively associated with the psychological and social relationship domains of QoL. BDI scores were significantly and negatively associated with all four domains of the QoL. Persistent pain and joint impairment showed strong associations with all domains in a univariate analysis, but the impact was attenuated after adjusting for psychosocial variables. Personality and depression had strong impacts on QoL independent of physical status in patients with severe haemophilia. Providing psychological screening and intervention are recommended for enhancing QoL in patients with severe haemophilia.
Identifying information needs among children and teens living with haemophilia
Authors: Simmons G. M. , Frick N. , Wang A. , Miller M. E. , Fragueiro D. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryTransitioning from one life stage to the next can be difficult, but for those living with a chronic condition, it can be even more challenging. Children and adolescents with haemophilia need help to manage transitions while dealing with the complications of their disorder. The National Haemophilia Foundation (NHF), headquartered in New York City, has an extensive information centre on bleeding disorders, but it was not clear how much material existed on the topic of transition. The objectives of this project were to (i) assess the availability of literature about transition for children and adolescents living with haemophilia, (ii) determine which transition issues were the most relevant and (iii) develop and test information products that would address those transition issues. An inventory of NHF's resources and an environmental scan over the Internet was performed. Focus groups were conducted to determine messaging. Video prototypes containing messages were created, tested by focus groups and revised. The literature search yielded limited information available on transition for children and adolescents with haemophilia. Results of the formative research indicated that adolescents wanted more information on sports participation and disclosure of their condition (e.g. to peers, teachers, coaches, health care providers). Video was found to be the preferred delivery format. Children and adolescents living with haemophilia need information to help them transition through life. As a result of this study, two educational products were produced, but several more are recommended to guide these individuals in making healthy transitions into adulthood.
Autonomic Function in Migraine Patients: Ictal and Interictal Pupillometry
Authors: Cambron Melissa , Maertens Heidi , Paemeleire Koen , Crevits Luc 
Published: June 2013

Objective and BackgroundPupillometric investigations into migraine have suggested that an autonomic disturbance is part of the pathogenesis of that condition. This observation is controversial, however, which may reflect that the putative sympathetic hypofunction is either subtle or transient. In this study, we assessed the sympathetic function of migraine patients and controls during both a symptom‐free phase and a migraine attack, and challenged patients with apraclonidine to reveal small changes in autonomic function.MethodsInfrared pupillometry was used to measure pupillometric parameters in 37 controls and 46 migraine patients in the interictal phase of disease. Fifteen migraine patients were also studied during a migraine attack. In addition, 26 controls and 18 migraine patients were tested interictally both with and without apraclonidine. Of these 18 migraine patients, seven were also tested with and without apraclonidine during a migraine attack.ResultsWe found no significant differences between migraine patients and controls in the interictal phase. Additionally, no differences in pupil parameters were detected during the migraine attack. However, after administration of apraclonidine, migraine patients had a longer latency of the light reflex compared with controls. This increase in latency was more pronounced ictally (oculus dexter: P = .046, oculus sinister: P = .023) than interictally (oculus dexter: P = .075, oculus sinister: P = .021).ConclusionsWe conclude that there is evidence for a subtle pupillary sympathetic hypofunction in migraine patients, observed as a prolonged latency to light reflex, which is revealed after the administration of apraclonidine.
Evaluating Migraineurs' Preferences for Migraine Treatment Outcomes Using a Choice Experiment
Authors: Gonzalez Juan M. , Johnson F. Reed , Runken Michael C. , Poulos Christine M. 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveThe impact of migraines on patients is commonly divided between the level of impairment associated with headache symptoms (headache phase) and the quality‐of‐life effects immediately following the headache (post‐headache phase). Evaluations of migraineurs' productivity losses and health‐related quality of life have provided an understanding of the burden associated with the headache and post‐headache symptoms, but do not quantify the relative importance of each phase from a patient perspective. In this study, we evaluated migraineurs' willingness to accept trade‐offs among symptom severity in the headache and post‐headache phases, symptom duration in the headache and post‐headache phases, and symptom‐free time within a general‐preference theoretic framework.MethodsWe administered a choice‐format, conjoint‐analysis survey, also called a discrete‐choice experiment, to a sample of migraineurs from a nationally representative online consumer panel. After inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, 510 eligible subjects completed the survey. The survey elicited choices between pairs of migraine profiles describing symptom durations and symptom‐free time for the headache and post‐headache phase.ResultsMigraineurs in our study were strongly affected by the pain associated with the headache phase. However, experiencing difficulty with daily social and family activities in the post‐headache phase also had a statistically significant impact on migraineurs' perceived level of well‐being. Migraineurs reported that hypothetical treatments that limited the duration of headache symptoms without allowing them to resume their daily activities for 16 hours after a headache, on average, were less than half as good as treatments that limited both headache and post‐headache symptoms.ConclusionOur results suggest that treatments that relieve and shorten symptoms during the post‐headache phase can offer significant benefits to migraineurs.
Executive Dysfunctions in Migraine With and Without Aura: What Is the Role of White Matter Lesions?
Authors: Le Pira Francesco , Reggio Ester , Quattrocchi Graziella , Sanfilippo Cristina , Maci Tiziana , Cavallaro Tiziana , Zappia Mario 
Published: June 2013

Objective/BackgroundExecutive dysfunctions and white matter lesions on magnetic resonance imaging have been reported in migraine. The aim of this study was to determine whether any correlation between these 2 variables exists.Materials and MethodsForty‐four subjects affected by migraine with or without aura were compared with 16 healthy subjects. A battery of neuropsychological tests assessing executive functions was administered to all subjects. Number and total volume of white matter lesions were assessed in the whole brain and in the frontal lobe.ResultsThe performances of both groups of migraineurs, with and without aura, were significantly worse when compared with controls on Boston Scanning Test. Moreover, we found lower performances compared with controls respectively on Frontal Assessment Battery in patients with migraine with aura and on Controlled Oral Word Association Test in patients with migraine without aura. Nineteen patients (43.2%) and one control subject (6.2%) had white matter lesions. We did not find any significant correlation between white matter lesions load and neuropsychological performances.ConclusionsOn the basis of our results, white matter lesions load on magnetic resonance imaging do not seem to contribute to neuropsychological performances deficit in migraineurs.
Impact of renal dysfunction in cirrhotic patients with bacterial infections other than spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
Authors: Hung Tsung‐Hsing , Chou Chu‐Lin , Fang Te‐Chao 
Published: June 2013

AimThe impact of renal dysfunction has not been well evaluated among cirrhotic patients having bacterial infections other than spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). We aimed to examine the impact of renal function impairment (RFI) among cirrhotic patients with non‐SBP bacterial infections.MethodsData of 7134 cirrhotic patients with non‐SBP bacterial infections extracted from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database, derived from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program, in 2004 were analyzed.ResultsA total of 579 (8.1%) patients had renal dysfunction. Of these, 223 patients had acute renal failure (ARF), and 141 had end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring hemodialysis before admission. The overall 30‐day, 1‐year and 3‐year mortalities were 15.8%, 39.3% and 54.5%, respectively. Compared with the non‐RFI group, the adjusted hazard ratios (HR) of 30‐day mortality for RFI, ARF and ESRD were 3.20 (P < 0.001), 4.81 (P < 0.001) and 1.59 (P = 0.015); the adjusted HR of 1‐year mortality for RFI, ARF and ESRD were 2.68 (P < 0.001), 3.50 (P < 0.001) and 1.84 (P < 0.001), and adjusted HR of 3‐year mortality for RFI, ARF and ESRD were 2.34 (P < 0.001), 2.97 (P < 0.001) and 1.76 (P < 0.001). The adjusted HR of 30‐day, 1‐year and 3‐year mortalities for the ARF group were 2.98 (P < 0.001), 1.74 (P < 0.001) and 1.58 (P = 0.001) compared with the ESRD group, respectively.ConclusionThis population‐based cohort study shows that RFI, especially ARF, is an independent poor prognostic factor in cirrhotic patients with non‐SBP bacterial infections.
Digitally enabling social networks: resolving IT–culture conflict
Authors: Koch Hope , Leidner Dorothy E. , Gonzalez Ester S. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractDigitally enabled social networks, encompassing social media applications such as wikis, blogs and social networking sites, have the potential to dramatically change organizational culture by building communities, promoting information sharing and fostering collaboration. Although organizational social media site (hereinafter SMS) implementations are proliferating, these technologies often do not harmoniously combine with traditional organizational cultures. To shed light on social media's impact on organizational life, this paper draws on an interpretive case study to investigate a global security company's efforts to implement a digitally enabled social network as part of a cultural change effort. Conceptually, based on the theory of IT–culture conflict, this paper underscores the interplay between organizational culture and technology. Our study finds that conflicts can arise between employees' workplace values and the values they ascribe to social media. This can result in an IT–culture system conflict, which organizations can address using policy‐based, socialization‐based and leadership‐based mechanisms aimed at bringing cultural values and social media site values into alignment.
Curve Number Derivation for Watersheds Draining Two Headwater Streams in Lower Coastal Plain South Carolina, USA
Authors: Epps Thomas H. , Hitchcock Daniel R. , Jayakaran Anand D. , Loflin Drake R. , Williams Thomas M. , Amatya Devendra M. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess curve number (CN) values derived for two forested headwater catchments in the Lower Coastal Plain (LCP) of South Carolina using a three‐year period of storm event rainfall and runoff data in comparison with results obtained from CN method calculations. Derived CNs from rainfall/runoff pairs ranged from 46 to 90 for the Upper Debidue Creek (UDC) watershed and from 42 to 89 for the Watershed 80 (WS80). However, runoff generation from storm events was strongly related to water table elevation, where seasonally variable evapotranspirative wet and dry moisture conditions persist. Seasonal water table fluctuation is independent of, but can be compounded by, wet conditions that occur as a result of prior storm events, further complicating flow prediction. Runoff predictions for LCP first‐order watersheds do not compare closely to measured flow under the average moisture condition normally associated with the CN method. In this study, however, results show improvement in flow predictions using CNs adjusted for antecedent runoff conditions and based on water table position. These results indicate that adaptations of CN model parameters are required for reliable flow predictions for these LCP catchments with shallow water tables. Low gradient topography and shallow water table characteristics of LCP watersheds allow for unique hydrologic conditions that must be assessed and managed differently than higher gradient watersheds.