bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The application of anti‐ESAT‐6 monoclonal antibody fluorescent probe in ex vivo near‐infrared fluorescence imaging in mice with pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Feng Feng , Zhang Haoling , Zhu Zhaoqin , Li Cong , Shi Yuxin , Zhang Zhiyong 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTHere, we aimed to assess the feasibility of anti‐ESAT‐6 monoclonal antibody (mAb) coupling with IR783 and rhodamine fluorescent probe in the detection of ESAT‐6 expression in tuberculosis tissue of mice using near‐infrared fluorescence imaging. IR783 and rhodamine were conjugated to the anti‐ESAT‐6 mAb or IgG. Mice in the experimental group were injected with fluorescence‐labeled mAb probe, and mice in the control group were injected with fluorescence‐labeled non‐specific IgG antibody. Twenty‐four hours later, the lung tissue of mice was examined using ex vivo near‐infrared fluorescence imaging. In addition, the contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) was calculated by measuring the signal intensities of the pulmonary lesions, normal lung tissue and background noise. The frozen lung tissue section was examined under fluorescence microscopy and compared with hemoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The ex vivo near‐infrared fluorescence imaging showed that the fluorescence signal in the lung tuberculosis lesions in the experimental group was significantly enhanced, whereas there was only a weak fluorescence signal or even no fluorescence signal in the control group. CNR values were 64.40 ± 7.02 (n = 6) and 8.75 ± 3.87 (n = 6), respectively (t = 17.01, p < 0.001). The fluorescence accumulation distribution detected under fluorescence microscopy was consistent with HE staining of the tuberculosis region. In conclusion, anti‐ESAT‐6 mAb fluorescent probe could target and be applied in specific ex vivo imaging of mice tuberculosis, and may be of further use in tuberculosis in living mice. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Amount and intensity of daily living activities in Charcot–Marie–Tooth 1A patients
Authors: Menotti Federica , Laudani Luca , Damiani Antonello , Macaluso Andrea 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundCharcot–Marie–Tooth 1A (CMT1A) patients show a reduction of spontaneous activities of daily living measured by means of questionnaires or pedometers, which are quite inaccurate compared to recent measurement techniques.AimThe study aimed at quantifying daily living activities in CMT1A patients by means of inertial sensors, which give information not only on the amount but also on the intensity of these activities.Materials and methodsTime and count (amount), and velocity and power (intensity) of 24 h daily living activities were measured in eight patients (20–48 years; Barthel >90; Tinetti >20) and eight healthy individuals, matched for age and gender, by means of a wearable inertial sensor device.ResultsThere were no differences between patients and controls in the 24‐h distance covered and count of steps. However, count of step climbing and sit to stand were lower in patients than in controls (139.93 ± 141.66 vs. 341.06 ± 164.07 n and 58.23 ± 7.82 vs. 65.81 ± 4.75 n, respectively; P < 0.05) as well as mean daily step‐climbing and walking velocities (1.07 ± 0.17 vs. 1.21 ± 0.10 m/sec and 1.16 ± 0.31 vs. 1.87 ± 0.50 m/sec, respectively; P < 0.05). In CMT1A patients there was a positive correlation between strength of the knee extensor muscles and both count of steps climbed (R = 0.80) and sit to stand (R = 0.79).Discussion and conclusionThe reduced ability of CMT1A patients to carry out activities at high intensity, which was correlated with strength, suggests that strength training might be a rehabilitation tool for improving the 1 ability to carry out these activities.
Motivational dimensions of inpatient aggression
Authors: Urheim Ragnar , Rypdal Knut , Melkevik Ole , Hoff Helge Andreas , Mykletun Arnstein , Palmstierna Tom 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundRecent studies have suggested that functional classifications of aggression should be used to improve the understanding of the heterogeneity of aggression and its management, among inpatients in psychiatric hospitals.AimsOur aim was to examine a theoretically derived three‐factor model for conceptualising aggressive incidents by inpatients as irritable, instrumental or defensive.MethodsAs part of the routine assessments in a forensic psychiatric high security ward, staff filled out a questionnaire on motives for aggression after all violent incidents. A total of 1652 incidents from 28 patients were analysed by means of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses.ResultsSupport was found for the three‐factor model. For the most part, the scale items loaded on the factors as predicted, and the model was able to explain 61% of the data variance. Irritable incidents were the most common, but elevated scores for instrumental characteristics were found as well. High psychopathy scores were associated with incidents scoring high values on both irritable and instrumental dimensions, and low values on the defensive dimensions.ConclusionsConfirming these three dimensions of inpatient aggressive incidents may help caregivers' understanding of aggressive behaviour. If confirmed in future studies, this dimensional approach may prove useful for the management of aggressive inpatients. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Motivations for Corporate Sustainability Management: Contrasting Survey Results and Implementation
Authors: Windolph Sarah Elena , Harms Dorli , Schaltegger Stefan 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper compares empirical findings on the implementation of sustainability management with the results of earlier surveys on corporate motivations to deal with sustainability. We analyze the relevance of three different motivations, i.e. seeking corporate legitimacy, market success, and internal improvement. This is accomplished by matching these motivations with empirical findings on the engagement of functional areas. The underlying rationale is that differences in the engagement of functional areas can be expected to depend on the overall corporate motivation for sustainability management. Our analysis shows low engagement in finance and accounting, whereas the public relations department is actively engaged. Since this functional area commonly aims to legitimize corporate activities, this finding contradicts the results of earlier studies which concluded that legitimacy is not an important motivation for sustainability. We discuss reasons for these contradictions and derive implications for future research and business activities. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Typical and atypical anorexia nervosa in a Japanese sample
Authors: Nakai Yoshikatsu , Nin Kazuko , Teramukai Satoshi , Taniguchi Ataru , Fukushima Mitsuo , Wonderlich Stephen A. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveWe examined the existence of nonfat‐phobic anorexia nervosa (NFP‐AN) and fat‐phobic AN, with no evidence of distortions related to body shape and weight (AN‐NED), in a Japanese sample and studied eating disorder pathology and psychopathology in NFP‐AN and AN‐NED.MethodThe study participants were 200 (52.2%) women with typical AN, 86 (22.5%) women with NFP‐AN, and 97 (25.3%) women with AN‐NED. Diagnosis of the three types of AN was made by structured clinical interviews. The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT) and the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) were administered to all the participants.ResultsThere were significant differences among the three groups in terms of duration of illness, maximum and minimum BMIs and AN subtypes. There was no transition from the NFP‐AN and AN‐NED groups to the typical AN group during the 2‐ to 7‐year follow‐up period. There were significant differences among the three groups in scores of the EAT, the EDI total, and all the subscales of the EDI.DiscussionBesides typical AN, there were two types of atypical AN in terms of fat phobia and body image disturbance in this Japanese sample. The findings of the current study suggest that there may be significant differences among the three groups in terms of eating disorder pathology and psychopathology. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2014; 47:130–137)
The magnitude of local adaptation under genotype‐dependent dispersal
Authors: Bolnick Daniel I. , Otto Sarah P. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractDispersal moves individuals from patches where their immediate ancestors were successful to sites where their genotypes are untested. As a result, dispersal generally reduces fitness, a phenomenon known as “migration load.” The strength of migration load depends on the pattern of dispersal and can be dramatically lessened or reversed when individuals move preferentially toward patches conferring higher fitness. Evolutionary ecologists have long modeled nonrandom dispersal, focusing primarily on its effects on population density over space, the maintenance of genetic variation, and reproductive isolation. Here, we build upon previous work by calculating how the extent of local adaptation and the migration load are affected when individuals differ in their dispersal rate in a genotype‐dependent manner that alters their match to their environment. Examining a one‐locus, two‐patch model, we show that local adaptation occurs through a combination of natural selection and adaptive dispersal. For a substantial portion of parameter space, adaptive dispersal can be the predominant force generating local adaptation. Furthermore, genetic load may be largely averted with adaptive dispersal whenever individuals move before selective deaths occur. Thus, to understand the mechanisms driving local adaptation, biologists must account for the extent and nature of nonrandom, genotype‐dependent dispersal, and the potential for adaptation via spatial sorting of genotypes.
Effect of reservoir‐derived plankton released from dams on particulate organic matter composition in a tailwater river (Uji River, Japan): source partitioning using stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen
Authors: Ock Giyoung , Takemon Yasuhiro 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTWe estimated the contribution of reservoir‐derived plankton released from an upstream dam to particulate organic matter (POM) relative to terrestrial allochthonous (fallen leaves) and instream autochthonous (downstream epilithic algae) sources in the Uji River, Japan, to investigate the influence of the reservoir plankton on downstream POM composition. Four types of POM such as suspended fine, suspended coarse, benthic fine and benthic coarse POM were collected and then analyzed using two types of mixing models combining δ13C–δ15N: a standard linear model (SLM) and a concentration‐weighted model (CWM), which are compared with the microscopic examination. Results demonstrate that the three trophic sources were isotopically distinct, and all POM samples are plotted inside the mixing triangle defined by the three end members in the δ13C–δ15N biplot. SLM underestimated the terrestrial source contribution and overestimated that of the reservoir plankton, suggesting that despite popular application of the SLM method, CWM was more appropriate for the source partitioning of riverine POM particularly in the case where large differences in source concentrations of C and N are present. Reservoir plankton contribution was highest in suspended fine POM (S‐FPOM), accounting for 47%. Nitrogen in S‐FPOM was found to be supplied mostly by the reservoir plankton (68%). These results collectively suggest that reservoir plankton from dams can greatly influence downstream S‐FPOM composition and play a role in supplying nitrogen to tailwater ecosystems. Our findings on the riverine POM source partitioning in a tailwater channel should be useful in assessing downstream heterotrophic food webs and nutrient transport in response to the plankton‐derived POM originating from upstream reservoirs. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Contrasting cyclo‐P3 Ligand Transfer Reactivity of Valence‐Isoelectronic Aryloxide Complexes [(P3)Nb(ODipp)3]– and [(P3)W(ODipp)3]
Authors: Breunig Jens M. , Tofan Daniel , Cummins Christopher C. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractReduction of mer‐Cl3W(ODipp)3 with Na/Hg in the presence of P4 in toluene afforded the orange complex (η3‐P3)W(ODipp)3 (δ = –156 ppm, 10 % isolated yield). Unlike the valence‐isoelectronic anion [(η3‐P3)Nb(ODipp)3]–, treatment with AsCl3 of the neutral (η3‐P3)W(ODipp)3 did not transfer the cyclo‐P3 ligand to generate AsP3. Instead, this complex underwent aryloxide ligand transfer to form the red complex (η3‐P3)W(Cl)(ODipp)2(THF) (δ = –143 ppm, 32 % isolated yield).
Karyotype analysis in some species of Consolida (Ranunculaceae) from Iran
Authors: Tavassoli Akhtar , Pakravan Maneezheh , Kiarostami Khadijeh , Poorhabibian Roghayeh 
Published: October 2013

AbstractConsolida (dc.) S. F. Gray belongs to Ranunculaceae. The genus includes about 52 species worldwide. Here we report the diploid chromosome number and chromosome size and morphology for six Consolida species. For C. anthoroidea, C. leptocarpa, C. paradoxa and C. rugulosa the diploid chromosome number is reported for the first time. All investigated species have a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 2x = 16, except for C. persica having 2n = 2x = 14. The karyotypes of all six taxa are asymmetric, consisting of all four major chromosome types: metacentric, submetacentric, subtelocentric and telocentric chromosome type. However, considering the karyotype formula, all six species could be distinguished. In all taxa, metacentric chromosome pair 1 possesses a satellite. The only exception is C. rugulosa having an additional satellite positioned on metacentric chromosome pair 2. Karyotype data allow the separation of Aconitella from Consolida. Karyotype data plus morphological evidence support the reduction of C. paradoxa to formae level of C. rugulosa. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Incidental thyroid nodules in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Phillips David J. , Kutler David I. , Kuhel William I. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundIt is desirable to detect neoplastic thyroid disease before proceeding with surgical therapy for hyperparathyroidism so that both conditions can be treated with a single operation.MethodsBetween March 1998 and June 2009, 227 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were treated with surgical therapy. Of these, 217 were evaluated preoperatively with a modified 4‐dimensional CT and ultrasonography. The medical records of these patients were reviewed in order to document the incidence and significance of thyroid pathology in this cohort of patients.ResultsThyroid nodules were identified in 159 of the 217 patients (73.3%). Nine of 217 patients (4.1%) were treated with either a partial or a total thyroidectomy at the time of parathyroidectomy. Three of these patients had papillary thyroid carcinoma, 1 had a Hurthle cell carcinoma, and 1 had an incidental micropapillary thyroid carcinoma.ConclusionThe rate of clinically significant thyroid malignancy in patients undergoing surgical treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism was 1.8%. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 1763–1765, 2014
ENERGY EFFICIENCY EVALUATION IN MANUFACTURING THROUGH AN ONTOLOGY‐REPRESENTED KNOWLEDGE BASE
Authors: Wicaksono Hendro , Jost Fabian , Rogalski Sven , Ovtcharova Jivka 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARYImproving energy efficiency in a manufacturing company through an energy management system requires active participation of different stakeholders and involvement of different organizational entities and technical processes. Interoperability of stakeholders and entities is the key factor to achieve a successful implementation of an energy management system. Researchers have been developing approaches in applying ontologies to address interoperability issues among humans as well as machines. Ontologies have also been used for knowledge representation in different domains, such as energy management and manufacturing. In recent years, researchers have developed knowledge‐based intelligent energy management systems in buildings, especially households, which use ontologies for knowledge representation. In the manufacturing domain, ontologies have been used for knowledge management in order to provide a common formal understanding between the stakeholders, who have different background knowledge. This paper proposes an approach to apply ontology to allow knowledge‐based energy efficiency evaluation in manufacturing companies. The ontology provides a formal knowledge representation that addresses the interoperability issues due to different human stakeholders as well as machines involved in the energy management system of the company. This paper also describes the methods used to construct and to process the ontology. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Treatment of peripheral neuropathic pain by topical capsaicin: Impact of pre‐existing pain in the QUEPP‐study
Authors: Maihöfner C.G. , Heskamp M.‐L.S. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundThis study evaluates the impact of the duration of pre‐existing peripheral neuropathic pain on the therapeutic response to the capsaicin 8% cutaneous patch.MethodsThe non‐interventional QUEPP (QUTENZA – safety and effectiveness in peripheral neuropathic pain) study evaluated the effectiveness of QutenzaTM in 1044 non‐diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathic pain, who received a single application. Follow‐up visits were scheduled at weeks 1–2, 4, 8 and 12. A pre‐defined co‐analysis of changes in average pain intensity was performed based on the duration of pre‐existing pain.ResultsIn patients with pre‐existing pain for <6 months, the mean relative change of the numeric pain rating scale score on days 7–14 to week 12 versus baseline was −36.6% [4.6 standard error of the mean (SEM); n = 105], −25.1% (1.9 SEM; n = 311) in patients with pain duration of 6 months to 2 years, −22.3% (1.6 SEM; n = 391) in patients with pain for >2–10 years, and −19.2% (2.6 SEM; n = 99) in patients with pain for >10 years. Thirty percent and 50% responder rates were 61.7% and 39.3% in patients with pre‐existing pain for <6 months, 42.3% and 23.3% in patients with pain for 6 months to 2 years, 40.9% and 21.6% in patients with pain for >2–10 years, and 32.3% and 14.1% in patients with pain for >10 years.ConclusionsThe highest treatment response to the capsaicin 8% cutaneous patch was observed in patients with a history of pre‐existing peripheral neuropathic pain of less than 6 months, suggesting that early initiation of topical treatment might be indicated.
Experimental determination of the range of binocular disparity for which stereoscopic fusion occurs at a viewing distance of 2.5 m for a stereoscopic TV
Authors: Kang Hyungoo , Hong Hyungki 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe threshold for binocular disparity for which a participant can observe a clear stereoscopic image on a 3D TV using Patterned Retarder technology and polarizing eyeglasses is determined for a viewing distance of 2.5 m. An optotype, the letter “m” with a line thickness of 1.08 mm in the upward or downward direction, was used as the stereoscopic stimulus. Under the measurement conditions of the increase and decrease of binocular disparity of the stereoscopic stimulus, the binocular disparity thresholds for 40 participants were measured for the horizontal direction. Most of the participants were in their twenties. The thresholds were measured to be slightly larger for the condition of increasing binocular disparity compared with the condition of decreasing binocular disparity. Personal differences were measured to be noticeable.
Modification of Poly(allylamine) for Crosslinking by Borax
Authors: Oikonomou Evdokia K. , Audebeau Etienne , Norvez Sophie , Iliopoulos Ilias 
Published: October 2013

SummaryA straightforward route to glycopolymers bearing pendent gluconic residues is presented. The functionalization of poly(allylamine) by gluconolactone in water gives rise to gluconamide‐substituted polymers within minutes at room temperature. The resulting polymers are characterized by 1H NMR. The grafting reaction is limited by competition with hydrolysis of gluconolactone, which is favoured when the pH increases. In presence of borax a hydrogel is obtained, which is attributed to the complexation of boron by the multivalent glycopolymer. In consequence these modified polymers could be used as rheology additives for aqueous formulations.
Manufacture and Characterization of Heat Resistant and Insulating New Composites Based on Novolac Resin – Carbon Fibers – Perlite
Authors: Kallergis George , Pisania Markella , Simitzis Johannis 
Published: October 2013

SummaryMultifunctional polymeric matrix composites combining proper mechanical properties with thermal insulating properties were manufactured. Such new composites consist of carbon fibers in low volume proportion (15% v/v), novolac resin as matrix, hexamethylenetetramine as curing agent and perlite as additive. The incorporation of 10% w/w perlite instead of the corresponding amount of novolac in these composites leads to lower density, and simultaneously the bending strength and shear strength remain constant. The coefficient of thermal conductivity indicates that these composites have thermal insulating properties.
Micro/Nanotexturing and Bioactivation Strategies to Design Composite Scaffolds and ECM‐Like Analogues
Authors: Guarino Vincenzo , Raucci Maria Grazia , Ambrosio Luigi 
Published: October 2013

SummaryThe current landscape of bone regeneration research has focused on novel processing techniques for scaffolds and the employment of nanostructured and bioactive materials to trigger specific cell function in osteogenic way. The investigation of novel technological methods and materials may guide towards more promising and still unexplored strategies to fabricate innovative scaffolds for hard tissue regeneration. Here, we focus on recent advancements in the area of tissue‐engineered scaffold fabrication with emphasis on polymer/ceramic composites and micro and/or nanotexturing processes (i.e, electrospinning) as well as their combinations. In particular, different approaches based on the design of bioactive micro/nanonanocomposites, hybrids and nanofibers will be presented with some promise for engineering three‐dimensional ECM analogues of bone.
Role of Polylimonene as a Bio‐Based Additive in Thermal Oxidation of High Impact Polystyrene
Authors: Andriotis Eleftherios G. , Achilias Dimitris S. 
Published: October 2013

SummaryD‐limonene, a naturally occurring product, was cationically polymerized in a reactor to form the bio‐based polylimonene. The polymerization products were used for the preparation of blends with a food‐contact polymer, High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS). Their thermal oxidation was further monitored by measuring the absorption of characteristic chemical groups using FTIR spectroscopy. The mechanism of polymer protection was investigated using generalized 2‐Dimensional Correlation Analysis. It was found that polylimonene functions as a mild antioxidant for HIPS since it is oxidized first, leading to a short term protection of the polymer.