bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lessons from a career in fisheries science‡
Authors: Anderson Emory D. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis article summarizes some of my accomplishments during a 45-year career in fisheries science that ranged from conducting fish stock assessments, working for an international marine science organization, and managing a variety of scientific projects and activities, to finally serving as a scientific editor. In doing so, I have tried to focus on lessons learned. Starting my working life as a high-school math teacher, I soon opted for a different career, returned to the university, and received a PhD in fisheries biology. The first 15 years of my career were at the Woods Hole Laboratory of the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) doing fish stock assessments, where my main interest was Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus). Until the USA declared a 200-mile Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in early 1977, the focal point of my work was the International Commission for the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries (ICNAF). Lasting friendships with scientists from other countries developed during the ICNAF meetings and continued for years thereafter, some to the present day. During 1977–1985, my assessment activities were confined to domestic fisheries and interactions with regional fishery management councils, where I found that a cooperative attitude and the use of non-technical language made a positive impression and helped build trust. Involvement in ICES assessment working groups led, in 1985, to being appointed Statistician in the ICES Secretariat in Copenhagen and the start of an 8-year life in the international community that culminated in becoming General Secretary. Some major changes in ICES in which I was intimately involved are discussed. After my return to the USA in 1994, my career included managing a variety of activities and projects in Woods Hole and at NOAA/NMFS headquarters in Silver Spring, MD (where I was NMFS liaison to the National Sea Grant Office), finally concluding, after my retirement from NMFS in 2004, with continued engagement in fisheries science as an editor for ICES. Having benefited from experiences in science and administration and the lessons learned therein, it is a pleasure, via this article, to offer advice to young scientists contemplating potential paths to pursue in their careers.
Selling, Sharing, and Everything In Between: The Hybrid Economies of Collaborative Networks
Authors: Scaraboto Daiane 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Recent consumer research has examined contexts where market-based exchange, gift-giving, sharing, and other modes of exchange occur simultaneously and obey several intersecting logics, but consumer research has not conceptualized these so-called hybrid economic forms nor explained how these hybrids are shaped and sustained. Using ethnographic and netnographic data from the collaborative network of geocaching, this study explains the emergence of hybrid economies. Performativity theory is mobilized to demonstrate that the hybrid status of these economies is constantly under threat of destabilization by the struggle between competing performativities of market and nonmarket modes of exchange. Despite latent tension between competing performativities, the hybrid economy is sustained through consumer–producer engagements in collaborative consumption and production, the creation of zones of indeterminacy, and the enactment of tournaments of value that dissipate controversies around hybrid transactions. Implications are drawn for consumer research on the interplay between market and nonmarket economies.
Nuclear cardiology (PET and SPECT)—basic principles
Authors: Bengel Frank M. , Rimoldi Ornella , Camici Paolo G. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Historically, radionuclide imaging has been the key to success and widespread clinical application of non-invasive techniques for detection of myocardial ischaemia. Today, the use of myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for the diagnostic and prognostic workup of coronary artery disease is supported by a very large body of evidence. Positron emission tomography (PET) as an advanced, quantitative technique is increasingly penetrating the clinical arena. And the field is responding to recent trends by adopting new technology and algorithms for reduction of radiation exposure and by developing a toolbox for targeted molecular imaging of key biologic mechanisms involved in heart disease and therapy response. By this, nuclear cardiology will continue to serve as a role model for the success of functional imaging in heart disease. This chapter gives an overview over the basic technology, including novel methodologic developments.
New developments in echocardiography/advanced echocardiography
Authors: Gianstefani Silvia , Voigt Jens-Uwe , Monaghan Mark J. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The first part of this chapter illustrates how real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) has significantly improved and expanded the diagnostic efficacy of echocardiography providing anatomical and functional visualization of cardiac structures. The reader is introduced to the different applications of 3DE, to the different acquisition and display techniques of a 3D datasets and to the main artefacts which can possibly occur. The second part covers two-dimensional echocardiographic (2DE) and 3DE techniques for the assessment of global and regional myocardial function, its different parameters with typical findings and normal values. Clinical applications of the different techniques are explained focusing on the assessment of diastolic function, global systolic function, regional systolic function and dyssynchrony. Speckle tracking and Tissue Doppler are illustrated and their advantages and disadvantages discussed. Concise and practical information are provided to the reader to better understand and improve data acquisition, post-processing and data interpretation.
Hybrid imaging: combination of PET, SPECT, CT, and MRI
Authors: Knuuti Juhani , Kaufmann Philipp A. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Hybrid scanners combining PET or SPECT with high resolution multi-detector CT are becoming the standard for almost all commercially available nuclear imaging systems. In addition, the newest generation of scanners offers combination of PET with MRI. Hybrid scanners offer the ability to assess the anatomy of the heart and coronary arteries, and the functional evaluation either at stress (for assessment of induced ischaemia), or at rest (for viability) in association with the left ventricular systolic function. Therefore, combining functional information with anatomy by using hybrid systems is appealing.
Mitral valve regurgitation
Authors: Lancellotti Patrizio , Magne Julien 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Mitral regurgitation is increasingly prevalent. Doppler echocardiography not only detects the presence of regurgitation but also permits to understand mechanisms of regurgitation, quantification of its severity, and repercussions. The present chapter aims to provide clues for the assessment of mitral regurgitation using multi-modality imaging.
Tricuspid and pulmonary valve disease
Authors: Popescu Bogdan A. , Gurzun Maria Magdalena , Ginghina Carmen 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The clinical and prognostic importance of tricuspid and pulmonary valve disease is increasingly recognized. Imaging techniques represent the current gold-standard of assessment in this setting. Therefore, the proper use of imaging in evaluating tricuspid and pulmonary valve structure and function is of great interest for the best management. This chapter describes the anatomy of the right heart valves, the relative role of each imaging technique in evaluating valvular dysfunction and their consequences, and the main modalities employed in the clinical setting in both stenotic and in regurgitant lesions. It also discusses the contribution of each technique in clinical decision-making. Echocardiography remains the main imaging method, usually able to provide all the information needed for patient care. Cardiac magnetic resonance provides a more accurate evaluation of right ventricular size and function, and may be used for both diagnosis and follow-up. Multi-slice computed tomography has a very good spatial resolution, useful in selected cases, but the radiation involved represents a limitation.
Cardiovascular imaging in percutaneous valve therapy
Authors: Canna Giovanni La , Munoz Daniel Rodriguez 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Valvular heart disease (VHD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality with an age-related epidemiologic burden. Aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation are the more prevalent VHDs in patients with native valve disease. Although surgical treatment provides satisfactory outcome, many patients are denied surgery because of the high estimated operative risk and multiple comorbidities. Recently, percutaneous valve therapy has opened a new pathway for VHD, especially in high-risk patients. Multi-modality imaging plays an important role in selecting patients for percutaneous valve procedures, as well as intra-procedural monitoring and follow-up.
CMR and detection of coronary artery disease
Authors: Nagel Eike , Schwitter Juerg , Plein Sven 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Two principal cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) methods are available for the detection of coronary artery disease (CAD): dobutamine-CMR and perfusion-CMR. With dobutamine-CMR, inducible wall motion abnormalities induced by pharmacological stress are detected as a sign of ischaemia, analogous to dobutamine-stress echocardiography. Dobutamine-CMR provides reliably high image quality regardless of body habitus and is therefore an alternative for patients with insufficient echocardiographic image quality. The principle of perfusion-CMR is most comparable to nuclear myocardial perfusion methods and delineates lack of perfusion reserve during vasodilator-induced hyperaemia in myocardium subtended by coronary arteries with flow-limiting stenoses. Both dobutamine and perfusion-CMR provide high diagnostic accuracy and prognostically relevant information, with recent single and multi-centre studies demonstrating that perfusion-CMR is non-inferior to nuclear imaging for CAD detection. In addition, CMR offers complementary methods for the detection of myocardial scar and assessment of viability. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) CMR delineates scar or fibrosis with high tissue contrast and spatial resolution. Low-dose dobutamine-CMR provides information about contractile reserve and the potential for functional recovery of dysfunctional myocardium. CMR thus offers a comprehensive set of methods for the detection of disease, prognostication and planning of management in patients with known or suspected CAD.
Echocardiography to assess viability
Authors: Senior Roxy , Dias Nuno Cortez , Shah Benoy N. , Pinto Fausto J 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The reduction in mortality from acute myocardial infarction in developed nations has resulted in a larger number of survivors with consequent left ventricular dysfunction. Management of these patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy remains a challenge, since prognosis remains poor—and worse than that of non-ischaemic heart failure—despite appropriate use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator and resynchronization devices. A large body of evidence accrued over the past three decades—predominantly retrospective in nature and observational in design—suggests that revascularization is superior to optimal medical therapy in patients with a large amount of ‘viable’ myocardium (i.e. dysfunctional myocardium at rest, which is not scar tissue and thus has, in theory, the potential to recover function after treatment). The global cardiology community has embraced this dogma, as many units worldwide place great emphasis upon the results of imaging tests (which aim to determine the presence and extent of myocardial ‘viability’) in guiding management strategy—specifically, whether to offer or deny a patient revascularization. This practice has been challenged recently by the results of the STICH trials, which suggested both lack of benefit from revascularization and no incremental benefit from viability testing. A number of imaging techniques exist for identifying viable myocardium. This chapter reviews the echocardiographic modalities that can be used to identify viable myocardium and compare these with other available techniques. We also analyse the results of the main STICH trial and the STICH viability sub-study and suggest an algorithm for integration of multi-modality imaging in the evaluation of myocardial viability.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Flachskampf Frank A. , Bruder Oliver , Beyer Ruxandra , Nihoyannopoulos Petros 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is usually diagnosed by echocardiography. Typical signs are an increase in left ventricular wall thickness and mass not explained by other conditions leading to hypertrophy (e.g. hypertension). The distribution of hypertrophy varies widely and may be diffuse or localized, but most frequently involves a massively thickened ventricular septum. In a subset of patients, left ventricular outflow tract or mid-ventricular obstruction is present, detectable by Doppler analysis and by morphologic signs such as systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve. Tissue Doppler and deformation analysis, which show decreased longitudinal myocardial velocities and deformation parameters in the affected walls, enhances the diagnostic accuracy and may allow the detection of subclinical disease. Alternatively and additionally, cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging provides excellent morphologic delineation of the abnormal morphology in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and by visualizing areas of intramyocardial fibrosis due to late enhancement after gadolinium contrast can contribute to risk stratification for malignant arrhythmias.
Diagnostic review and revision
Authors: Zahedi Sohrab 
Published: May 2015

The criminalization of people with mental illness is a sad commentary on the United States’ mental health system. Yet, the phenomenon presents the field of psychiatry with an opportunity that is now scarce in civil society: lengths of sentence in terms of weeks to years that allow for in-depth observation and treatment of the inmate with mental illness. A few days in a hospital fails to provide the needed opportunity for a detailed and accurate evaluation. Today, people with mental illness account for more than one million annual arrests and many among these individuals will spend weeks to months in jail before being either transferred to a prison for sentences beyond one year or released back into the community. At its core, psychiatric diagnosis relies on the subjective complaints of the patient and objective signs noted on examination. Considering the chronic and fluctuating course of most psychiatric diagnoses, a thorough assessment also requires a review of past documented behaviors. When someone is hospitalized for a psychiatric condition, the first goal is often observation, followed by diagnosis, and then treatment. Psychiatric hospitals are being greatly constrained in the amount of time available for observation and accurate diagnosis; the correctional setting, as an unintended consequence of mass incarceration, provides an extended opportunity to achieve improved diagnostic accuracy. This chapter reflects on the diagnostic opportunities that a jail or a prison setting affords.
Functional and Genetic Analysis Identify a Role for Arabidopsis ARGONAUTE5 in Antiviral RNA Silencing
Authors: Brosseau Chantal , Moffett Peter 
Published: May 2015

AbstractRNA silencing functions as an antiviral defense through the action of DICER-like (DCL) and ARGONAUTE (AGO) proteins. In turn, plant viruses have evolved strategies to counteract this defense mechanism, including the expression of suppressors of RNA silencing. Potato virus X (PVX) does not systemically infect Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0, but is able to do so effectively in mutants lacking at least two of the four Arabidopsis DCL proteins. PVX can also infect Arabidopsis ago2 mutants, albeit less effectively than double DCL mutants, suggesting that additional AGO proteins may mediate anti-viral defenses. Here we show, using functional assays, that all Arabidopsis AGO proteins have the potential to target PVX lacking its viral suppressor of RNA silencing (VSR), P25, but that only AGO2 and AGO5 are able to target wild-type PVX. However, P25 directly affects only a small subset of AGO proteins, and we present evidence indicating that its protective effect is mediated by precluding AGO proteins from accessing viral RNA, as well as by directly inhibiting the RNA silencing machinery. In agreement with functional assays, we show that Potexvirus infection induces AGO5 expression and that both AGO2 and AGO5 are required for full restriction of PVX infection in systemic tissues of Arabidopsis.
Evaluation of corrosion inhibitors in acid medium
Authors: Mainier Fernando Benedicto , Baêsso e Silva Raphaela de Melo 
Published: May 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the corrosion inhibitor performance in acid medium through the determination of Fe2+ ions present based on reaction kinetics of steel with the acid. The use of corrosion inhibitors has been an excellent technique for protecting carbon steel pipes acidizing operations in oil wells. The inhibitor forms a chemical barrier on the metal surface that prevents or reduces attack by the acidic media.

Design/methodology/approach
– The experimental study provides a methodology to evaluate the performance of corrosion inhibitors in an acid medium, preferentially of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The process consists essentially of total immersion coupons of carbon steel, with continuous stirring, controlled temperature and quantitative determinations of iron ions from the dissolution of steel. The additions of commercial corrosion inhibitor base of ethoxylated amines of high molecular weight in an acid medium showed excellent performance at a temperature ranging from 25 to 45°C.

Findings
– This paper presents the mechanisms of protection, performance graphs and calculations of the activation energies of the addition of corrosion inhibitors in an acidic medium.

Originality/value
– The originality of this essay is to evaluate and correlate the performance of corrosion inhibitors with the activation energy in experimental conditions.
Linking fashion consciousness with Gen Y attitude towards prestige brands
Authors: Casidy Riza , Nuryana Asti Nafia , Hati Sri Rahayu Hijrah 
Published: May 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between fashion self-congruity (FSC), fashion consciousness (FC), and attitude towards prestige brands (ATT) among Generation Y (Gen Y) consumers. The study aims to expand the scope of fashion marketing research by validating the self-congruence theory within the context of Indonesian prestige brand market.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper opted for a descriptive study involving 210 undergraduate students from a top-ranked university in Indonesia. Data were collected using anonymous self-administered questionnaire. Structural equation modelling were employed to test the research hypotheses.

Findings
– The study found that FC performs a full mediating role on the relationship between fashion self-congruence and ATT.

Research limitations/implications
– The homogenous nature of the respondents have limited the generalisability of the findings. Future research could replicate this study using a sample of wider population.

Practical implications
– The paper includes implications for fashion marketers to effectively target fashion-conscious consumers by developing a brand positioning strategy that is consistent with consumers’ self-concept.

Originality/value
– This paper extends the empirical model of FC by incorporating fashion self-congruence as an antecedent of ATT. With limited academic research on Indonesian consumers in mind, this is the first empirical study to examine the antecedents of Indonesian consumers’ attitude towards prestige fashion brands.
Hidden in practice: the management activities that foster employee learning
Authors: Cohen Jay Andrew 
Published: May 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is in providing guidance to human resource development and frontline managers in shaping employee learning at work.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper takes a viewpoint approach.

Findings
– This paper builds on recent discussions on the inseparable nature of working and learning: peripheral management practice that facilitates employee learning (Cohen, 2014) to focus on the practical activities that frontline managers can do to promote and facilitate employee learning.

Originality/value
– To the best of my knowledge and belief, this paper contains no material previously published or written by any other person, except where due reference is given in the text.
The elite education of Lieutenant Arthur Wheen, MM
Authors: Ramsland John 
Published: May 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore the educative experiences of Arthur Wesley Wheen – his socialisation and indoctrination within a devout family, on the one hand, and his elite classical schooling on the other hand. Such influences laid the seeds of internal conflict and were compounded at Teachers College, the Arts Faculty of the University of Sydney and at New College Oxford. It is argued that profound educative influences and the trauma of First World War shaped and redefined his life, work and personality as a scholar, cultural critic and translator. The impact of the curriculum and ethos of elite schooling on life interests is a major theme. Attempts will be made to discover from the vast mosaic of classical learning what eventually became inscribed on Wheen’s psyche.

Design/methodology/approach
– In this paper the author uses a critical biographical and life-study approach in the broad parameters of historical research by a close examination of primary and secondary sources including a rich vein of correspondence and related unpublished writings; school, teachers college and university records, battalion and personal war records and published literature, frequently contemporary in nature. In design subtle iconographic and psychoanalytic nuances will be drawn from the raw material of history.

Findings
– This research is intended to demonstrate how the traumatic requirements of a frontline soldier affected a profound disillusionment with imperial institutions. The study attempts to show how Wheen lost his religious convictions in the heat of total war and later became a passionate expatriate pacifist, social theorist and scholar. It is intended to reveal the complex layers of personal conviction. The author glances at the literary impact of AW Wheen’s translation of Erich Maria Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front and the Hollywood film version in terms of his contribution that has not been well recognised.

Originality/value
– The paper demonstrates how educative experiences led to significant literary outcomes and how elite classical educative forces shaped style and scholarly endeavour. It draws from history, theology, education and cultural studies and synthesises them.
Prophet or fool? The professional position and role of historians of education
Authors: Dorn Sherman 
Published: May 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore the professional dilemmas of historians of education in the USA.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper uses historiographical analysis.

Findings
– While some aspects of both “prophet” and “fool” cultural archetypes fit some historians of education, neither archetype is a useful model for discussing the possible professional positions and roles of new scholars. Instead, “border-crossing” is an appropriate metaphor for new scholars in the history of education.

Originality/value
– This manuscript addresses a topic of concern to many historians of education in multiple countries. It moves beyond material concerns of intellectuals to discuss the cultural archetypes that may be at play.