bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of BK virus‐associated hemorrhagic cystitis in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients with cidofovir: a single‐center experience
Authors: Kwon H.J. , Kang J.H. , Lee J.W. , Chung N.‐G. , Kim H.‐K. , Cho B. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBackgroundBK virus (BKV)‐associated hemorrhagic cystitis (BKV‐HC) is a severe complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Cidofovir (CDV) has emerged as an effective agent for the treatment of BKV nephropathy, but its use for BKV‐HC in pediatric HSCT recipients has not yet been established as a standard therapy.Patient and methodsWe retrospectively investigated the efficacy and safety of CDV therapy for patients with BKV‐HC at a single institution and analyzed the clinical management outcomes.ResultsFrom April 2009 to July 2011, 12 patients developed BKV‐HC at a median of 37 days after transplant (range 15–59 days). The cumulative incidence was 9% and the median peak of the urine BKV load was 2.5 × 1010 copies/mL (range 1.4 × 109–1.2 × 1011 copies/mL). Eleven patients received intravenous CDV (5 mg/kg/dose, with probenecid), whereas 1 patient received CDV (5 mg/kg/dose, without probenecid) intravesically. The median duration of therapy was 25 days (range 9–73 days), and a median of 2 doses was given (range 1–4). A reduction of ≥1 log in the BKV load was found in 11 patients, while 1 patient did not have any significant change in BKV load. Clinical improvement was observed in all cases, and no HC‐related death was observed. CDV‐related toxicity occurred in 1 patient (8%) and spontaneously resolved.ConclusionsCDV appears to be an effective and safe treatment for BKV‐HC in pediatric HSCT recipients, but prospective trials are warranted to support its use.
Concepts and Their Dynamics: A Quantum‐Theoretic Modeling of Human Thought
Authors: Aerts Diederik , Gabora Liane , Sozzo Sandro 
Published: September 2013

AbstractWe analyze different aspects of our quantum modeling approach of human concepts and, more specifically, focus on the quantum effects of contextuality, interference, entanglement, and emergence, illustrating how each of them makes its appearance in specific situations of the dynamics of human concepts and their combinations. We point out the relation of our approach, which is based on an ontology of a concept as an entity in a state changing under influence of a context, with the main traditional concept theories, that is, prototype theory, exemplar theory, and theory theory. We ponder about the question why quantum theory performs so well in its modeling of human concepts, and we shed light on this question by analyzing the role of complex amplitudes, showing how they allow to describe interference in the statistics of measurement outcomes, while in the traditional theories statistics of outcomes originates in classical probability weights, without the possibility of interference. The relevance of complex numbers, the appearance of entanglement, and the role of Fock space in explaining contextual emergence, all as unique features of the quantum modeling, are explicitly revealed in this article by analyzing human concepts and their dynamics.
Genome Sequence of the Melanin-Producing Extremophile Aeromonas salmonicida subsp.
pectinolytica
Strain 34mel
T
Authors: Pavan M. Elisa , Pavan Esteban E. , López Nancy I. , Levin Laura , Pettinari M. Julia 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

The genome of
Aeromonas salmonicida
subsp.
pectinolytica
strain 34mel
T
, isolated from a heavily polluted river, contains several genomic islands and putative virulence genes. The identification of genes involved in resistance to different kinds of stress sheds light on the mechanisms used by this strain to thrive in an extreme environment.
Draft Genome Sequence of Sphingobium quisquiliarum Strain P25
T
, a Novel Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)-Degrading Bacterium Isolated from an HCH Dumpsite
Authors: Kumar Singh Amit , Sangwan Naseer , Sharma Anukriti , Gupta Vipin , Khurana J. P. , Lal Rup 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence (4.2 Mb) of
Sphingobium quisquiliarum
strain P25
T
, a natural
lin
(genes involved in degradation of hexachlorocyclohexane [HCH] isomers) variant genotype, isolated from a heavily contaminated (450 mg HCH/g of soil) HCH dumpsite.
Complete Genomic Sequence of “
Thermofilum adornatus
” Strain 1910b
T
, a Hyperthermophilic Anaerobic Organotrophic Crenarchaeon
Authors: Dominova I. N. , Kublanov I. V. , Podosokorskaya O. A. , Derbikova K. S. , Patrushev M. V. , Toshchakov S. V. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

The complete genomic sequence of a novel hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon, strain 1910b
T
, was determined. The genome comprises a 1,750,259-bp circular chromosome containing single copies of 3 rRNA genes, 43 tRNA genes, and 1,896 protein-coding sequences.
In silico
genome-genome hybridization suggests the proposal of a novel species, “
Thermofilum adornatus
” strain 1910b
T
.
Performance of the Parent Report of Children's Abilities–Revised (PARCA-R) versus the Bayley Scales of Infant Development III
Authors: Martin Andrew J , Darlow Brian A , Salt Alison , Hague Wendy , Sebastian Lucille , McNeill Nicki , Tarnow-Mordi William 
Published: September 2013

BackgroundThe Parent Report of Children’s Abilities-Revised (PARCA-R) assesses cognitive and language development at 24 months. It was validated against the Mental Development Index of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II (BSID II), but this has now been superseded by BSID III.ObjectiveTo compare the PARCA-R against the BSID III.MethodsPARCA-R and BSID III assessments scheduled at 24 months of age (corrected for prematurity) were completed in 204 infants with suspected or proven neonatal sepsis in the International Neonatal Immunotherapy Study. Associations between the scales were measured and the predictive accuracy of the PARCA-R for moderate cognitive delay and moderate language delay was assessed using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis.ResultsMedian birthweight was 911 g, median gestational age at birth was 27 weeks and 100 (49.0%) were girls. 4.4% and 8.4% met standard BSID III criteria for cognitive delay and language delay, respectively. These rates increased to 19.6% and 12.6% when an independent sample of normal term infants were used as the reference group suggesting standard BSID III reference norms may tend to underestimate delay. The Spearman correlation between PARCA-R and BSID scales were 0.43 for cognition and 0.71 for language. The PARCA-R successfully predicted cases of cognitive delay and language delay with the area under the ROC curves ranging from 0.83 to 0.97 depending on reference norms used.ConclusionsThe results support the PARCA-R as a practical tool for the identification of appreciable cognitive and language delay at 24 months among critically ill premature and extremely low birthweight neonates.
Early multimodal rehabilitation following lumbar disc surgery: a randomised clinical trial comparing the effects of two exercise programmes on clinical outcome and lumbar multifidus muscle function
Authors: Hebert Jeffrey J , Fritz Julie M , Thackeray Anne , Koppenhaver Shane L , Teyhen Deydre 
Published: September 2013

BackgroundThe optimal components of postoperative exercise programmes following single-level lumbar discectomy have not been identified. Facilitating lumbar multifidus (LM) function after discectomy may improve postoperative recovery. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and muscle function outcomes of patients randomised to receive early multimodal rehabilitation following lumbar discectomy consisting of exercises targeting specific trunk muscles including the LM or general trunk exercises.MethodsWe included participants aged 18 to 60 years who were scheduled to undergo single-level lumbar discectomy. After two postoperative weeks, participants were randomly assigned to receive an 8-week multimodal exercise programme including either general or specific trunk exercises. The primary outcome was pain-related disability (Oswestry Index). Secondary outcomes included low back and leg pain intensity (0–10 numeric pain rating scale), global change, sciatica frequency, sciatica bothersomeness and LM function measured with real-time ultrasound imaging. Treatment effects 10 weeks and 6 months after surgery were estimated with linear mixed models.Results61 participants were randomised to receive a general trunk (n=32) or specific (n=29) exercise programme. There were no between-group differences in clinical or muscle function outcomes. Participants in both groups experienced improvements in most outcome measures.ConclusionsFollowing lumbar discectomy, multimodal rehabilitation programmes comprising specific or general trunk exercises have similar effects on clinical and muscle function outcomes. Local factors such as the individual patient characteristics identified by specific assessment findings, clinician expertise and patient preferences should direct therapy selection when considering the types of exercises tested in this trial for inclusion in rehabilitation programmes following lumbar disc surgery.
Stakeholder experiences with general practice pharmacist services: a qualitative study
Authors: Tan Edwin C K , Stewart Kay , Elliott Rohan A , George Johnson 
Published: September 2013

ObjectivesTo explore general practice staff, pharmacist and patient experiences with pharmacist services in Australian general practice clinics within the Pharmacists in Practice Study.DesignQualitative study.SettingTwo general practice clinics in Melbourne, Australia, in which pharmacists provided medication reviews, patient and staff education, medicines information and quality assurance services over a 6-month period.ParticipantsPatients, practice staff and pharmacists.MethodSemi-structured telephone interviews with patients, focus groups with practice staff and semi-structured interviews and periodic narrative reports with practice pharmacists. Data were analysed thematically and theoretical frameworks used to explain the findings.Results34 participants were recruited: 18 patients, 14 practice staff (9 general practitioners, 4 practice nurses, 1 practice manager) and 2 practice pharmacists. Five main themes emerged: environment; professional relationships and integration; pharmacist attributes; staff and patient benefits and logistical challenges. Participants reported that colocation and the interdisciplinary environment of general practice enabled better communication and collaboration compared to traditional community and consultant pharmacy services. Participants felt that pharmacists needed to possess certain attributes to ensure successful integration, including being personable and proactive. Attitudinal, professional and logistical barriers were identified but were able to be overcome. The findings were explained using D'Amour's structuration model of collaboration and Roger's diffusion of innovation theory.ConclusionsThis is the first qualitative study to explore the experiences of general practice staff, pharmacists and patients on their interactions within the Australian general practice environment. Participants were receptive of colocated pharmacist services, and various barriers and facilitators to integration were identified. Future research should investigate the feasibility and sustainability of general practice pharmacist roles.
Development of hospital disaster resilience: conceptual framework and potential measurement
Authors: Zhong Shuang , Clark Michele , Hou Xiang-Yu , Zang Yu-Li , Fitzgerald Gerard 
Published: September 2013

ObjectiveDespite ‘hospital resilience’ gaining prominence in recent years, it remains poorly defined. This article aims to define hospital resilience, build a preliminary conceptual framework and highlight possible approaches to measurement.MethodsSearches were conducted of the commonly used health databases to identify relevant literature and reports. Search terms included ‘resilience and framework or model’ or ‘evaluation or assess or measure and hospital and disaster or emergency or mass casualty and resilience or capacity or preparedness or response or safety’. Articles were retrieved that focussed on disaster resilience frameworks and the evaluation of various hospital capacities.ResultA total of 1480 potentially eligible publications were retrieved initially but the final analysis was conducted on 47 articles, which appeared to contribute to the study objectives. Four disaster resilience frameworks and 11 evaluation instruments of hospital disaster capacity were included.Discussion and conclusionHospital resilience is a comprehensive concept derived from existing disaster resilience frameworks. It has four key domains: hospital safety; disaster preparedness and resources; continuity of essential medical services; recovery and adaptation. These domains were categorised according to four criteria, namely, robustness, redundancy, resourcefulness and rapidity. A conceptual understanding of hospital resilience is essential for an intellectual basis for an integrated approach to system development. This article (1) defines hospital resilience; (2) constructs conceptual framework (including key domains); (3) proposes comprehensive measures for possible inclusion in an evaluation instrument; and (4) develops a matrix of critical issues to enhance hospital resilience to cope with future disasters.
DNA detection and seroprevalence of human papillomavirus in a cohort of adolescent women
Authors: Ermel Aaron C , Shew Marcia L , Weaver Bree A , Qadadri Brahim , Denski Cheryl , Tu Wanzhu , Tong Yan , Fortenberry J D , Brown Darron R 
Published: September 2013

ObjectivesHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infections are common in adolescent women, while the rare cancerous sequelae of HPV infections do not generally occur until the 4th or 5th decades of life. This prospective study of a cohort of adolescent women was performed to further our knowledge of the natural history of incident and prevalent HPV infections.MethodsSelf-vaginal swabs collected from high-risk, unvaccinated adolescent women in a longitudinal study were analysed for HPV DNA. Sera were collected at enrolment and later tested for HPV antibodies. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the HPV genotype distribution and duration of detection, and to determine rates of seropositivity and seroconversion for HPV types represented in the assays.Results146 subjects (mean enrolment age=15.4 years; mean duration of follow-up=5.8 years) had samples adequate for analysis of HPV detection, and 95 of these subjects had paired sera available. The cumulative prevalence for high-risk and low-risk HPV types was 95.9% and 91.1%, respectively. HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18 (HPV types represented in the quadrivalent vaccine) were found at some point in 40.4%, 6.2%, 48% and 24% of participants, respectively. Serological data confirmed exposure to these vaccine-covered types, as well as to other high-risk HPV types.ConclusionsIn this cohort of adolescent women, high- and low-risk HPV types were frequently detected, and serological data confirmed exposure in most subjects. The high-prevalence HPV types represented in the quadrivalent HPV vaccine further support vaccination of women at an age well before sexual debut.
External quality assurance with dried tube specimens (DTS) for point-of-care syphilis and HIV tests: experience in an indigenous populations screening programme in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Benzaken Adele Schwartz , Bazzo Maria Luiza , Galban Enrique , Pinto Ione Conceição Pereira , Nogueira Christiane Lourenço , Golfetto Lisléia , Benzaken Nina Schwartz , Sollis Kimberly A , Mabey David , Peeling Rosanna W 
Published: September 2013

ObjectivesThe availability of point-of-care (POC) tests for infectious diseases has revolutionised the provision of healthcare for remote rural populations without access to laboratories. However, quality assurance for POC tests has been largely overlooked. We have evaluated the use and stability of dry tube specimens (DTS) for External Quality Assurance (EQA) for HIV and syphilis screening in remote indigenous populations in the Amazon region of Brazil.MethodsAll healthcare workers (HCWs) participating in the community-screening were trained. We used HIV and syphilis DTS panels developed by the reference laboratory, containing samples with negative and positive results at different antibody concentrations, for both infections. DTS panels were distributed to HCWs in the communities for reconstitution and testing using POC HIV and syphilis tests. The results of testing were sent to the reference laboratory for marking and remedial action taken where necessary.ResultsIn total 268 HCWs tested 1607 samples for syphilis and 1608 samples for HIV. Results from HCWs showed a concordance rate of 90% for syphilis and 93% for HIV (κ coefficients of 0.74 and 0.78, respectively) with reference laboratories. Most false negatives were in samples of very low antibody concentration. DTS syphilis specimens produced the expected results after storage at 2–8°C or at 18–24°C for up to 3 weeks.ConclusionsThe results show that POC tests for syphilis and HIV give valid results in environments where traditional tests do not work, but errors in the interpretation of POC test results were identified by the EQA programme using DTS. EQA using DTS can help to improve the quality of screening programmes using POC tests in remote regions.
Preferential eruption of andesitic magmas: Implications for volcanic magma fluxes at convergent margins
Authors: Kent Adam J. R. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Andesitic magmas (herein defined as having
c.
55–65 wt% SiO
2
) are abundant in convergent margin volcanoes. Although andesites and other intermediate magmas can plausibly be produced by a number of mechanisms, a lack of evidence for andesitic liquids relative to the abundance of andesite volcanic rocks, together with widespread evidence for hybridization and recharge, suggests that many erupted andesites form by mixing between relatively mafic magmas that ultimately derive from the mantle wedge, and more felsic magmas or mush zones derived from differentiation and crustal melting.

A model of
recharge filtering
accounts for the high abundance of andesitic volcanic rocks and reflects the simple idea that the processes that create hybridized andesitic magmas in the shallow crust can also initiate volcanic activity, resulting in preferential eruption of andesitic magmas relative to the parental magmas that mix to produce them. This occurs via mafic recharge – intrusion of a mafic magma into a silicic magma or mush within the shallow crust. The overall abundance and variability from volcano to volcano of andesitic volcanism at convergent margins also suggests important roles for hydrous mafic magma in promoting mixing and eruption during mafic recharge, and the crust for modulating the compositions of volcanic outputs.
Substance P Autocrine Signaling Contributes to Persistent HER2 Activation That Drives Malignant Progression and Drug Resistance in Breast Cancer
Authors: Garcia-Recio Susana , Fuster Gemma , Fernandez-Nogueira Patricia , Pastor-Arroyo Eva M. , Park So Yeon , Mayordomo Cristina , Ametller Elisabet , Mancino Mario , Gonzalez-Farre Xavier , Russnes Hege G. , Engel Pablo , Costamagna Domiziana , Fernandez Pedro L. , Gascón Pedro , Almendro Vanessa 
Published: September 2013

AbstractERBB receptor transmodulation by heterologous G-protein–coupled receptors (GPCR) generates functional diversity in signal transduction. Tachykinins are neuropeptides and proinflammatory cytokines that promote cell survival and cancer progression by activating several GPCRs. In this work, we found that the pain-associated tachykinin Substance P (SP) contributes to persistent transmodulation of the ERBB receptors, EGFR and HER2, in breast cancer, acting to enhance malignancy and therapeutic resistance. SP and its high-affinity receptor NK-1R were highly expressed in HER2+ primary breast tumors (relative to the luminal and triple-negative subtypes) and were overall correlated with poor prognosis factors. In breast cancer cell lines and primary cultures derived from breast cancer samples, we found that SP could activate HER2. Conversely, RNA interference-mediated attenuation of NK-1R, or its chemical inhibition, or suppression of overall GPCR-mediated signaling, all strongly decreased steady-state expression of EGFR and HER2, establishing that their basal activity relied upon transdirectional activation by GPCR. Thus, SP exposure affected cellular responses to anti-ERBB therapies. Our work reveals an important oncogenic cooperation between NK-1R and HER2, thereby adding a novel link between inflammation and cancer progression that may be targetable by SP antagonists that have been clinically explored. Cancer Res; 73(21); 6424–34. ©2013 AACR.
PRIMA-1Met/APR-246 Displays High Antitumor Activity in Multiple Myeloma By Induction of p73 and Noxa
Authors: Saha Manujendra N. , Jiang Hua , Yang Yijun , Reece Donna , Chang Hong 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Targeting p53 by the small-molecule PRIMA-1Met/APR-246 has shown promising preclinical activity in various cancer types. However, the mechanism of PRIMA-1Met–induced apoptosis is not completely understood and its effect on multiple myeloma cells is unknown. In this study, we evaluated antitumor effect of PRIMA-1Met alone or its combination with current antimyeloma agents in multiple myeloma cell lines, patient samples, and a mouse xenograft model. Results of our study showed that PRIMA-1Met decreased the viability of multiple myeloma cells irrespective of p53 status, with limited cytotoxicity toward normal hematopoietic cells. Treatment of multiple myeloma cells with PRIMA-1Met resulted in induction of apoptosis, inhibition of colony formation, and migration. PRIMA-1Met restored wild-type conformation of mutant p53 and induced activation of p73 upregulating Noxa and downregulating Mcl-1 without significant modulation of p53 level. siRNA-mediated silencing of p53 showed a little effect on apoptotic response of PRIMA-1Met, whereas knockdown of p73 led to substantial attenuation of apoptotic activity in multiple myeloma cells, indicating that PRIMA-1Met–induced apoptosis is, at least in part, p73–dependent. Importantly, PRIMA-1Met delayed tumor growth and prolonged survival of mice bearing multiple myeloma tumor. Furthermore, combined treatment of PRIMA-1Met with dexamethasone or doxorubicin displayed synergistic effects in both multiple myeloma cell lines and primary multiple myeloma samples. Consistent with our in vitro observations, cotreatment with PRIMA-1Met and dexamethasone resulted in enhanced antitumor activity in vivo. Our study for the first time shows antimyeloma activity of PRIMA-1Met and provides the rationale for its clinical evaluation in patients with multiple myeloma, including the high-risk group with p53 mutation/deletion. Mol Cancer Ther; 12(11); 2331–41. ©2013 AACR.