bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public mental health services in Southern China and related health outcomes among individuals living with severe mental illness
Authors: Qiu Dan , Li Yilu , Xiao Shuiyuan , Zhou Liang , Liu Lianzhong , Liu Huiming , Gao Feihong , Wu Qiuyan , An Yanni , Tang Zixuan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Although national policies in China are comprehensive and instructive, a wide disparity exists between different cities. The current status of public mental health services by region in China remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate policies related to public mental health services, the contact coverage of public mental health services and outcomes of service users.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out in Southern China, between April 2021 and March 2022. Considering the geographical location, socioeconomic development levels, and prevalence of severe mental illness, four cities including Wuhan, Changsha, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen were selected. Relevant service providers were asked to report data on mental health policies and facility-related information, including mental health resources, registration rates of patients, management rates of patients, and medication rates of patients. Eligible patients were invited to report service user-related data, including contact coverage of public mental health services and their outcomes. SPSS 26.0 was used for data analysis.

Results
The four cities in Southern China have made different efforts to develop public mental health services, primarily focusing on socio-economically disadvantaged individuals. Community health centers in Guangzhou and Shenzhen reported having more professional human resources on mental health and higher mental health budgets for patients. The contact coverage rates of most public mental services were higher than 80%. Patients in Changsha (B = 0.3; 95%CI: 0.1–0.5), Guangzhou (B = 0.2; 95%CI: 0.1–0.3), and Shenzhen (B = 0.3; 95%CI: 0.1–0.4) who received social medical assistance services reported higher levels of medication adherence. Patients in Wuhan (B = -6.5; 95%CI: -12.9--0.1), Guangzhou (B = -2.8; 95%CI: -5.5--0.1), and Shenzhen who received community-based rehabilitation services reported lower levels of disability (B = -2.6; 95%CI: -4.6--0.5).

Conclusions
There have been advances in public mental health services in the four Southern cities. The contact coverage rates of most public mental health services were higher than 80%. Patients’ utilization of public mental services was associated with better health outcomes. To improve the quality of public mental health services, the government should try to engage service users, their family members, and supporters in the design, delivery, operationalization, and evaluation of these public mental health services in the future.
Fire intensity effects on serotinous seed survival
Authors: Tada Chika K. , Plumanns-Pouton Ella S. , Penman Trent D. , Filkov Alexander I. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
In fire-prone environments, some species store their seeds in canopy cones (serotiny), which provides seeds protection from the passage of fire before stimulating seed release. However, the capacity of serotinous cones to protect seeds under high intensity fire is uncertain. Beyond simply “high” versus “low” fire intensity or severity, we must understand the influence of the specific characteristics of fire intensity—heat flux, exposure duration, and their dynamics—on serotinous seed survival. In this study, we tested serotinous seed survival under transient levels of radiant heat to understand the distinct and combined impacts of radiative heat flux and duration of exposure on the survival of seeds from two serotinous obligate seeder species: yellow hakea (Hakea nodosa R.Br.) and heath-leaved banksia (Banksia ericifolia subsp. ericifolia).

Results
We found differing impacts of fire intensity treatments on seed survival. Static levels of radiative heat (17 kW/m2) at long durations (600 s) reduced seed survival by 75.7% for yellow hakea and 1.5% for heath-leaved banksia compared to the control. However, dynamic heat (a short 120-s period of 40 kW/m2 followed by a slow decline) with an identical total duration (600 s) did not have comparable reductions in seed survival. This is despite both treatments having comparable radiant exposure (10,200 kJ/m2 for the former and 10,236 kJ/m2 for the latter). Both species demonstrated remarkable capacity to withstand heat treatments, particularly dynamic fire intensity—both high (40 kW/m2) and low (19 kW/m2). While almost all fire exposure treatments reduced survival from the control, most seeds remained viable and germinated upon release.

Conclusions
Our study highlights the importance of examining dynamic rather than static fire effects on vegetation, to accurately replicate the conditions of a fire front. Serotinous seeds demonstrate good capacity to tolerate intense fire. Nonetheless, the combined effects of high heat flux at prolonged durations reduces seed survival. We suggest overly prolonged passing fire fronts may cause seed death and are a risk to obligate seeder species that rely solely on seeds for persistence post-fire.
Transcatheter stenting of superior vena cava to treat postoperative SVC syndrome in a child: a case report
Authors: Laha Somrita , Gangopadhyay Debasree , Roy Mahua , Mazumdar Jayitri , Das Mrinalendu , Das Patralekha 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Superior vena cava (SVC) obstruction leading to SVC syndrome is an uncommon but potential complication of cardiac surgeries that involve dissection and anastomosis around the great vein. We present a case of iatrogenic SVC obstruction that was initially treated with transcatheter balloon angioplasty, which provided temporary relief, and ultimately resolved by stenting the affected segment.

Case presentation
The index case underwent total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) repair and presented 3 months after surgery with features of SVC obstruction. Initially, transcatheter balloon angioplasty was performed, providing relief from the obstruction; however, the condition recurred within one month. Finally, the patient was treated with percutaneous stenting of superior vena cava, through femoral venous route, using 8 mm × 30 mm balloon-expandable bare metal stent (Formula 418, Cook Medical, Bloomington, IN). Remarkable relief of obstruction was established with decrease in mean gradient across SVC–right atrium junction to 2 mm Hg (from 12 mm Hg before balloon angioplasty and 18 mm Hg before stenting).

Conclusion
Percutaneous treatment for iatrogenic SVC obstruction developing after cardiac surgery appears to be effective. Close monitoring is required in the postoperative period for early diagnosis and timely intervention.
Role of SAA1 in Endometrial Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Implication for Pregnancy Loss
Authors: Zhu Qinling , Wang Yuan , Xu Lizhen , Shi Mengjia , Meng Yiwen , Shao Chongwen , Lu Yao , He Yaqiong , Huang Jiaan , Li Xinyu , Li Boyu , Long Yijing , Ding Ying , Qi Jia , Wang Wangsheng , Du Yanzhi , Sun Yun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Context
Abnormal endometrial extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling compromises endometrial receptivity and diminishes the probability of a successful live birth. Serum amyloid A1 (SAA1), a modulator of inflammation, is elevated in the circulation of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients and involved in ECM remodeling during tissue repair. However, the specific role of SAA1 in endometrial ECM remodeling and subsequent risk of pregnancy loss in PCOS patients remains unclear.

Objective
To examine the role and underlying mechanism of SAA1 in ECM remodeling in the endometrium of PCOS patients.

Design
Serum samples from PCOS and control patients were utilized to investigate the relationship between the abundance of SAA1 and pregnancy loss. Human endometrial tissues and primary human endometrial stromal cells were used to examine the role and underlying mechanism of SAA1 in ECM remodeling.

Results
Serum SAA1 concentration was elevated and could serve as an independent risk of pregnancy loss in PCOS patients. Increased SAA1 abundance was also observed in endometrium obtained from these patients. Further mechanistic studies showed that SAA1 stimulated collagen I chains synthesis (COL1A1 and COL1A2) in endometrial stromal cells, suggesting excessive SAA1 may contribute to endometrial ECM remodeling, resulting in a nonsupportive environment for ongoing pregnancy. This effect was abolished by either a toll-like receptor 2/4 antagonist or a nuclear factor κB inhibitor.

Conclusion
The locally elevated levels of SAA1 in endometrium contribute to ECM overdeposition by inducing collagen I synthesis in PCOS patients, which may hamper embryo implantation and increase the risk of pregnancy loss. These observations highlight the crucial role of heightened SAA1 in orchestrating endometrial dysfunction and shed light on potential therapeutic avenues for improving reproductive outcomes in PCOS patients.
Insulin Sensitivity and Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Respiration in Black and White Women With Obesity
Authors: Mucinski Justine M , Distefano Giovanna , Dubé John , Toledo Frederico G S , Coen Paul M , Goodpaster Bret H , DeLany James P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Non-Hispanic Black women (BW) have a greater risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and insulin resistance (IR) compared to non-Hispanic White women (WW). The mechanisms leading to these differences are not understood, and it is unclear whether synergistic effects of race and obesity impact disease risk. To understand the interaction of race and weight, hepatic and peripheral IR were compared in WW and BW with and without obesity.

Methods
Hepatic and peripheral IR were measured by a labeled, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in BW (n = 32) and WW (n = 32) with and without obesity. Measurements of body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, and skeletal muscle (SM) respiration were completed. Data were analyzed by mixed model ANOVA.

Results
Subjects with obesity had greater hepatic and peripheral IR and lower SM respiration (P &lt; .001). Despite 14% greater insulin (P = .066), BW tended to have lower peripheral glucose disposal (Rd; P = .062), which was driven by women without obesity (P = .002). BW had significantly lower glucose production (P = .005), hepatic IR (P = .024), and maximal coupled and uncoupled respiration (P &lt; .001) than WW. Maximal coupled and uncoupled SM mitochondrial respiration was strongly correlated with peripheral and hepatic IR (P &lt; .01).

Conclusion
While BW without obesity had lower Rd than WW, race and obesity did not synergistically impact peripheral IR. Paradoxically, WW with obesity had greater hepatic IR compared to BW. Relationships between SM respiration and IR persisted across a range of body weights. These data provide support for therapies in BW, like exercise, that improve SM mitochondrial respiration to reduce IR and T2D risk.
Marked Point Process Secretory Events Statistically Characterize Leptin Pulsatile Dynamics
Authors: Xiang Qing , Reddy Revanth , Faghih Rose T 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted leptin, a key hormone that regulates energy intake and induces satiety, due to the worldwide prevalence of obesity. In this study, we analyzed plasma leptin measurements from 18 women with premenopausal obesity before and after bromocriptine treatment. By using underlying pulses recovered through deconvolution, we modeled the leptin secretory pulses as marked point processes and applied statistical distributions to evaluate the dynamics of leptin, including the interpulse intervals and amplitudes of the secretion. We fit the generalized inverse Gaussian and lognormal distributions to the intervals and the Gaussian, lognormal, and gamma distributions to the amplitudes of pulses. We evaluated the models’ goodness of fit using statistical metrics including Akaike's information criterion, Kolmogorov-Smirnov plots, and quantile-quantile plots. Our evaluation results revealed the effectiveness of these statistical distributions in modeling leptin secretion. Although the lognormal and gamma distributions performed the best based on the metrics, we found all distributions capable of accurately modeling the timing of secretory events, leading us to a better understanding of the physiology of leptin secretion and providing a basis for leptin monitoring. In terms of pulse amplitude, the evaluation metrics indicated the gamma distribution as the most accurate statistical representation. We found no statistically significant effect of bromocriptine intake on the model parameters except for one distribution model.
Occurrence of Low Cardiac Index During Normotensive Periods in Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study Using Continuous Noninvasive Cardiac Output Monitoring
Authors: Goeddel Lee A. , Koffman Lily , Hernandez Marina , Whitman Glenn , Parikh Chirag R. , Lima Joao A.C. , Bandeen-Roche Karen , Zhou Xinkai , Muschelli John , Crainiceanu Ciprian , Faraday Nauder , Brown Charles 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Continuous cardiac output monitoring is not standard practice during cardiac surgery, even though patients are at substantial risk for systemic hypoperfusion. Thus, the frequency of low cardiac output during cardiac surgery is unknown.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective cohort study at a tertiary medical center from July 2021 to November 2023. Eligible patients were ≥18 undergoing isolated coronary bypass (CAB) surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Cardiac output indexed to body surface area (CI) was continuously recorded at 5-second intervals throughout surgery using a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved noninvasive monitor from the arterial blood pressure waveform. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and central venous pressure (CVP) were also analyzed. Low CI was defined as <2 L/min/m2 and low MAP as <65 mm Hg. We calculated time with low CI for each patient for the entire surgery, pre-CPB and post-CPB periods, and the proportion of time with low CI and normal MAP. We used Pearson correlation to evaluate the relationship between CI and MAP and paired Wilcoxon rank sum tests to assess the difference in correlations of CI with MAP before and after CPB.

RESULTS:
In total, 101 patients were analyzed (age [standard deviation, SD] 64.8 [9.8] years, 25% female). Total intraoperative time (mean [SD]) with low CI was 86.4 (62) minutes, with 61.2 (42) minutes of low CI pre-CPB and 25.2 (31) minutes post-CPB. Total intraoperative time with low CI and normal MAP was 66.5 (56) minutes, representing mean (SD) 69% (23%) of the total time with low CI; 45.8 (38) minutes occurred pre-CPB and 20.6 (27) minutes occurred post-CPB. Overall, the correlation (mean [SD]) between CI and MAP was 0.33 (0.31), and the correlation was significantly higher pre-CPB (0.53 [0.32]) than post-CPB (0.29 [0.28], 95% confidence interval [CI] for difference [0.18–0.34], P < .001); however, there was substantial heterogeneity among participants in correlations of CI with MAP before and after CPB. Secondary analyses that accounted for CVP did not alter the correlation between CI and MAP. Exploratory analyses suggested duration of low CI (C <2 L/min/m2) was associated with increased risk of postoperative acute kidney injury (odds ratios [ORs] = 1.09; 95% CI; 1.01–1.13; P = .018).

CONCLUSIONS:
In a prospective cohort of patients undergoing CAB surgery, low CI was common even when blood pressure was normal. CI and MAP were correlated modestly. Correlation was higher before than after CPB with substantial heterogeneity among individuals. Future studies are needed to examine the independent relation of low CI to postoperative kidney injury and other adverse outcomes related to hypoperfusion.
Getting slimmer without dieting or exercising: zebra finches can rapidly lose mass while maintaining food intake and decreasing activity
Authors: Hodinka Brett L. , Halsey Lewis G. , Williams Tony D. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
It is widely accepted that birds can adaptively regulate body mass in different ecological contexts, but little is known about how birds monitor and interpret their body mass or the mechanisms that allow for rapid changes in mass. Using captive zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata), we experimentally increased perceived mass via attachment of weighted backpacks and provided birds with either an ad libitum mixed-seed diet or supplementary high-fat diet to investigate: (1) how birds assess their own body mass and (2) the physiological and/or behavioral mechanisms birds may employ to rapidly adjust body mass. In both experiments, and independent of diet treatment, birds with weighted backpacks rapidly lost mass within 2 days of backpack attachment while reducing overall activity and maintaining food intake. Additionally, our data suggest that birds interpret body mass via a physical mechanosensory pathway rather than a physiological pathway: rapid loss of mass between days 0 and 2 was not linked to changes in plasma metabolites (glycerol or triglyceride concentrations). We found no evidence that mass loss was a consequence of stress associated with attachment of weighted backpacks (based on plasma corticosterone measures). Our results suggest that the processes of energy balance and mass regulation involve a greater array of mechanisms than simply matching ‘energy in’, through the amount of food consumed, to ‘energy out’, dictated by activity. Zebra finches were able to decrease body mass through other, unidentified, mechanisms even while maintaining dietary intake and reducing overall activity.
The Significance of Body Surface Area to Mass Ratio for Thermal Responses to a Standardized Exercise-Heat Stress Test
Authors: AKAVIAN INBAL , EPSTEIN YORAM , RABOTIN ALEXANDRA , PERETZ SHIRAZ , CHARKOUDIAN NISHA , KETKO ITAY 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To evaluate the significance of body surface area-to-mass ratio (BSA/mass) on the heat-tolerance test (HTT) results. We hypothesized that individuals defined as heat tolerant (HT) would have on average higher BSA/mass compared with heat intolerant (HI) individuals.

Methods
A retrospective reanalysis of the HTT results of 517 soldiers (age, 18–38 yr; M/F, 96%:4%), who were tested by the Israel Defense Forces HTT protocol. The criterion for heat tolerance in the current analysis was a rectal temperature (Tre) plateau during the second hour of the test. A logistic regression analysis to evaluate the predictive power of BSA/mass for heat intolerance was performed; the spline model was applied to show the odds for heat intolerance across BSA/mass.

Results
In men BSA/mass of HI individuals was lower than HT individuals (248 ± 19 vs 262 ± 18 cm2·kg−1, P < 0.01, d = 0.76). In women a similar trend was noted but with no statistical significance between HT and HI groups. The odd ratio for heat intolerance for every unit increase in BSA/mass was 0.97 (95% confidence interval, 0.95–0.99). The spline model plateaued above BSA/mass of 270 cm2·kg−1.

Conclusions
The results imply that body-core temperature responses to a standard exercise-heat stress (fixed external work rate and climatic conditions) are influenced by BSA/mass. More specifically, lack of a steady state in Tre (indicating heat intolerance) was more likely to occur with every unit decrease in BSA/mass. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the role of body anthropometry in the response to a standard exercise-heat task that might have an implication on clinical decision making about return to duty/play of soldiers, athletes, and others who deemed to be identified as HI.
Heatmap Design for Probabilistic Driver Repositioning in Crowdsourced Delivery
Authors: Alnaggar Aliaa , Gzara Fatma , Bookbinder James 
Published: August 2024

This paper proposes the use of heatmaps as a control lever to manage the probabilistic repositioning of independent drivers in crowdsourced delivery platforms. The platform aims to maximize order fulfillment by dynamically matching drivers and orders and selecting heatmaps that trigger the probabilistic flow of unmatched drivers to balance driver supply and delivery requests across the service region. We develop a Markov decision process (MDP) model to sequentially select matching and heatmap decisions in which the repositioning behavior of drivers is captured by a multinomial logit discrete choice model. Because of the curse of dimensionality and the endogenous uncertainty of driver repositioning, the MDP model is solved using a rolling-horizon stochastic lookahead policy. This policy decomposes matching and heatmap decisions into two optimization problems: a two-stage stochastic programming upper bounding problem for matching decisions and a mixed-integer programming problem for heatmap decisions. We also propose a simple policy for efficiently solving large-scale problems. An extensive computational study on instances derived from the Chicago ride-hailing data set is conducted. Computational experiments demonstrate the value of heatmaps in improving order fulfillment beyond the level achieved by matching alone (up to 25%) and identify conditions that affect the benefit of using heatmaps to guide driver repositioning. Funding: The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada through Discovery Grants [Grants RGPIN-2024-04881, RGPIN-2020-04498, and RGPIN-2019-06207] awarded to the first, second, and third authors, respectively. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2022.0418 .
Sub-60-nm isotropic 3D super-resolution microscopy through self-interference field excitation
Authors: Liu Chang , Pan Binxiong , Wang Baoju , Zhao Qi , Ni Yue , Wu Hui , Luo Zewei , Chen Tongsheng , Zhan Qiuqiang 
Published: August 2024

Due to its unique optical sectioning capability, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) can provide highly sensitive, highly specific imaging of specimens in three dimensions and has been recognized as an indispensable tool for biological and medical studies. Nonetheless, the spatial resolution of CLSM is constrained by the diffraction nature, with λ/2 resolution laterally (xy) and 1.5λ resolution axially (z). To improve the imaging resolution beyond the diffraction limit as well as to achieve its isotropy, we present a strategy of mirror-assisted self-interference field excitation (SIEx) highly nonlinear microscopy. The imaging principle has been theoretically modeled and investigated in accordance with the Wolf vector diffraction theory. The experimental demonstration of isotropic three-dimensional SIEx nanoscopy, assisted with the ultrahigh-order optical nonlinearity of photon avalanching nanoparticles, was achieved utilizing a common laser-scanning microscope configuration, resulting in a lateral resolution of 54 nm (λ/15) and an axial resolution of 57 nm (λ/15) with one single beam from a low-power, continuous-wave, near-infrared laser (19kW⋅cm−2). We further extended the applicability of the SIEx scheme to biological imaging and demonstrated super-resolution imaging for immunolabeled actin filaments of BSC-1 cells with an isotropic full width at half maximum of ∼67nm (λ/13). Our facile SIEx methodology can, in principle, be seamlessly integrated with the existing and widely available laser-scanning fluorescence microscopes without adding any complexity, thereby enabling their capability of 3D isotropic super-resolution imaging.