bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical Composition, Antioxidative Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity of Zeravschania membranacea (Boiss.) Pimenov Essential Oil
Authors: Saei‐Dehkordi S. Siavash , Khalighi‐Sigaroodi Farahnaz , Pirali‐Kheirabadi Khodadad , Saei‐Dehkordi S. Saeid , Alimardani‐Naghani Farshid , Fallah Aziz A. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractZeravschania membranacea (Boiss.) Pimenov as an aromatic edible plant is wildly grown in Iran. This investigation reports on the chemical composition and biological activities of the essential oil of Z. membranacea for the first time. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry analyses revealed 35 compounds, constituting 97.44% of the total essential oil composition. The major constituents were δ‐3‐carene (13.64%), linalyl acetate (12.58%), sabinene (8.29%) and α‐terpinene (8.23%). Compared to the standard antioxidants, the essential oil had a weak antioxidant activity as measured by 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhdrazyl (DPPH) assay (IC50 = 17.512 ± 5.648 mg/mL; P < 0.05). However, the antioxidative capacity evaluated by the ferric reducing antioxidant power (acid equivalent antioxidant capacity = 0.719 ± 0.197 mg/mL) assay was higher than the one evaluated by the DPPH assay (when compared with the standard antioxidants). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was evaluated using agar disc diffusion and microdilution broth methods against food‐related microorganisms, namely Escherichia coli O157 : H7, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Rhodotorula rubra. According to the zone of inhibition (ZOI), the essential oil exhibited an intermediate antimicrobial effect (ZOI: 12–19 mM) against the tested microorganisms except P. aeruginosa (ZOI: 10 mM). Furthermore, the minimum inhibitory concentration values (ranging from 960 to 5,120 μg/mL) indicated an intermediate to weak antimicrobial activity of the essential oil. The essential oils of Z. membranacea can be considered a natural source for food industries. However, further investigations should be accomplished to determine the efficacy of the essential oil as a natural preservative in food models.Practical ApplicationsZ. membranacea (Boiss.) Pimenov as an aromatic edible plant is wildly grown in Iran. Its habitat is restricted to Iran. However, the plant or its derivatives have not yet been effectively investigated and utilized. The dried aerial parts of Z. membranacea are traditionally used as seasoning agent of foodstuffs in Iran. In the folk medicine, the analgesic properties of the plant or its essence have been accepted among Iranians. We anticipate that this investigation will provide sufficient evidence for acceptable biological characteristics of the plant essential oil for further evaluation and utilization.
Traits associated with winter wheat grain yield in Central and West Asia
Authors: Lopes Marta Silva , Saglam Didem , Ozdogan Mutlu , Reynolds Matthew 
Published: January 2014

AbstractImproved adaptation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to drought and heat may be influenced by days to heading, plant height, biomass, canopy temperature (CT) at grain filling, and rate of senescence. This study shows that, under supplemental irrigation or rainfed conditions, days to heading and plant height together explain up to 68% of grain yield (GY) variation, and these associations were further confirmed in several locations across West and Central Asia. Days to heading can be slightly reduced below that of check line Karahan to further improve GY while avoiding the effect of late frosts. Plant height has been decreased in recent germplasm, but further reductions below that of check line Karahan could still improve GY in a wide range of environments. However, in Iranian sites, taller genotypes showed better adaptation with higher biomass and increased reserves for grain filling. Canopy temperature and rate senescence were not associated with GY. A normalized difference vegetation index, used to estimate biomass (Feekes stages 4–5), had intermediate heritability across environments and correlated positively with GY under low plant density and should be explored further as a tool for early selection.
Rice MtN3/saliva/SWEET gene family: Evolution, expression profiling, and sugar transport
Authors: Yuan Meng , Zhao Junwei , Huang Renyan , Li Xianghua , Xiao Jinghua , Wang Shiping 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe rice MtN3/saliva/SWEET gene family consists of 21 paralogs. However, their functions in physiological processes are largely unknown, although at least three of the 21 paralogs are used by pathogenic bacteria to infect rice. Here, we report the evolutionary features, transcriptional characteristics, and putative functions in sugar transport of this gene family. The wild rice accessions in this study included those with AA, BB, CC, BBCC, CCDD, EE, and GG genomes, which appeared approximately 0.58–14.6 million years ago. The structures, chromosomal locations, phylogenetic relationships, and homologous distribution among the accessions suggest that the number of rice MtN3/saliva/SWEET paralogs gradually increased as the Oryza genus evolved, and one third of the paralogs may have originated recently. These paralogs are differentially expressed in vegetative and reproductive tissues, in the leaf senescence process, and in signaling dependent on gibberellic acid, cytokinin, or 1‐naphthalene acetic acid (an analog of auxin), suggesting that they may be associated with multiple physiological processes. Four paralogs could transport galactose in yeast, which suggests that they may have a similar function in rice. These results will help to elucidate their roles and biochemical functions in rice development, adaptation to environment, host‐pathogen interaction, and so forth.
Genetic analysis of biomass and photosynthetic parameters in wheat grown in different light intensities
Authors: Li Hongwei , Wang Gui , Zheng Qi , Li Bin , Jing Ruilian , Li Zhensheng 
Published: January 2014

AbstractGrowth light intensities largely determine photosynthesis, biomass, and grain yield of cereal crops. To explore the genetic basis of light responses of biomass and photosynthetic parameters in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis was carried out in a doubled haploid (DH) population grown in low light (LL), medium light (ML), and high light (HL), respectively. The results showed that the wheat seedlings grown in HL produced more biomass with lower total chlorophyll content (Chl), carotenoid content, and maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) while the wheat seedlings grown in LL produced less biomass with higher Chl compared with those grown in ML. In total, 48 QTLs were identified to be associated with the investigated parameters in relation to growth light intensities. These QTLs were mapped to 15 chromosomes which individually explained 6.3%–36.0% of the phenotypic variance, of which chromosomes 3A, 1D, and 6B were specifically involved in LL response, 5D and 7A specifically involved in ML response, and 4B specifically involved in HL response. Several light‐responsive QTLs were co‐located with QTLs for photosynthetic parameters, biomass, and grain weight under various conditions which may provide new hints to uncover the genetic control of photosynthesis, biomass, and grain weight.
The Effect of Selective Openness on Value Creation in User Innovation Communities
Authors: Balka Kerstin , Raasch Christina , Herstatt Cornelius 
Published: January 2014

Open innovation research and practice recognize the important role of external complementors in value creation. At the same time, firms need to retain exclusive control over some essential components to capture value from their product and/or service system. This paper contributes to the literature by analyzing some of the trade‐offs between openness to external value creation and closedness for internal value capture. It focuses on selective openness as a key variable and investigates how it affects value creation by external complementors, specifically the members of user innovation communities. Openness, it is hypothesized, matters to community members: The more open a product design is, the higher their sense of involvement in the innovation project, and the larger the effort they devote to it. Unlike prior literature, different forms and loci of openness are distinguished, specifically the transparency, accessibility, and replicability of different components of the product being developed.Hypotheses are tested based on survey data (n = 309) from 20 online communities in the consumer electronics and information technology hardware industries. Multilevel regression analysis is used to account for clustering, and thus nonindependent data, at the community level. We find that openness indeed increases community members’ involvement in the innovation project and their contributions to it. Interestingly, however, some forms and loci of openness strongly affect community perceptions and behavior, while others have limited or no impact. This finding suggests that, at least in relation to user communities, the trade‐off that firms face between external value creation and internal value capture is softer than hitherto understood. Contingency factors that may be able to explain these patterns are advanced. For example, users are expected to value the form of openness that they have the capabilities and incentives to exploit.The findings in this paper extend the literature on selective openness in innovation. They emphasize the need to study the demand for different forms of openness at the subsystem level and align supply‐side strategies to it. In managerial practice, a careful assessment of the demand for openness enables firms to successfully use selective openness and to effectively appropriate value from selectively open systems.
Distribution patterns of the invasive herbivore Siganus luridus (Rüppell, 1829) and its relation to native benthic communities in the central Aegean Sea, Northeastern Mediterranean
Authors: Giakoumi Sylvaine 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe present study explores the distribution of the invasive herbivore fish Siganus luridus (Rüppell 1829) and its relationship to native herbivores and macroalgal assemblages in the shallow sublittoral of the Cyclades Archipelago, Aegean Sea, Greece. In situ underwater surveys of herbivore abundance (fishes and sea urchins) and algal coverage were carried out at 180 sampling sites in 18 islands. Siganus luridus accounted for 17% of the total herbivore abundance, with a decrease in relative abundance from the southeastern to the northwestern islands. In Santorini Island (in the southeast of the study area) S. luridus abundance accounted for 90% of the total herbivore fish abundance, while in Kea Island (at the northwestern limit of the study area), S. luridus was absent. The spatial variation of minimum sea surface temperature is possibly the reason for its distributional pattern. Siganus luridus abundance was found to be positively correlated to the native herbivore Sparisoma cretense (Linnaeus 1758). A significant negative relationship was found between the abundance of the invasive species and the sum of erect and canopy algae cover (Dictyotales and Cystoseira spp.), which are the main components of its diet in the region. On the other hand, its occurrence was particularly high in barren sites. The results arising from this study reinforce evidence from studies in the Eastern Mediterranean Basin that the expansion of the invasive species S. luridus may have profound impacts on native communities in the Mediterranean infralittoral zone.
Seed germination and rising atmospheric CO2 concentration: a meta‐analysis of parental and direct effects
Authors: Marty Charles , BassiriRad Hormoz 
Published: January 2014

SummaryPlant regeneration from seed is largely governed by germinability and speed of germination. These fitness components have received considerably less attention in CO2 research relative to studies of vegetative or reproductive output responses. Moreover, the limited literature has not been rigorously examined for generalizable patterns of responses and/or potential mechanisms. We used a meta‐analytic approach to summarize literature results of seed germination characteristics in response to parental CO2 enrichment (eCO2). The direct effects of eCO2 on germination components were also analyzed. The data set came from 29 original research papers encompassing 64 species and 116 observations. Across all studies, parental eCO2 increased subsequent germination by 9%, but the responses varied among species by as much as 300%. The response was significantly higher in trees than in other life forms. With the exception of crops, parental eCO2 also increased germination rate in most life forms and functional groups. Despite a considerable interspecific variability, we found a positive correlation between germination success and seed mass responses to parental eCO2. Therefore, the observed diversity of regeneration success responses to parental eCO2 is partly controlled by the direction and magnitude of changes in seed mass.
Transient Neonatal Zinc Deficiency Due to a New Autosomal Dominant Mutation in Gene SLC30A2 (ZnT‐2)
Authors: Lova Navarro Miguel , Vera Casaño Ángel , Benito López Carmen , Fernández Ballesteros María D. , Godoy Díaz Daniel J. , Crespo Erchiga Antonio , Romero Brufau Santiago 
Published: January 2014

AbstractTransient neonatal zinc deficiency (TNZD) has a clinical presentation similar to that of acrodermatitis enteropathica but is caused by a low zinc concentration in maternal breast milk. TNZD becomes clinically evident during breastfeeding and is resolved by weaning and the introduction of complementary nutrition. We present a 4‐month‐old girl with TNZD due to a new autosomal dominant mutation (663delC) in the maternal SLC30A2 gene not previously described in the literature.
An Atrophic, Telangiectatic Patch at the Distal Border of the Tongue: A Mucous Membrane Manifestation of Xeroderma Pigmentosum
Authors: Bologna Sheyla Batista , Harumi Nakajima Teshima Tathyane , Lourenço Silvia Vanessa , Nico Marcello Menta Simonsen 
Published: January 2014

AbstractXeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by clinical and cellular sensitivity, pigmentary changes, and early development of malignancies in sun‐exposed mucocutaneous and ocular structures due to a defective ability to repair intracellular DNA damage. Individuals with XP also have a greater frequency of oral cancer, particularly squamous cell carcinoma of the anterior third of the tongue. The current study reports four cases of XP that exhibited a characteristic crescent‐shaped, atrophic, telangiectatic area on the distal border of the tongue and correlates this lesion with the development of tumors at this site during follow‐up. The tongue lesion was photographed and biopsied in the four patients. During routine follow‐up visits, new biopsies were performed if additional tongue lesions were observed. The studied lesions were similar in the four patients. During follow‐up, squamous cell carcinoma developed in one patient and pyogenic granuloma developed in three patients and was relapsing in one. The lesion remained stable in one patient during the study. The atrophic and telangiectatic patches probably occur because of chronic sun damage to the exposed portion of the tongue, and this area has a high predisposition for the development of benign and malignant tumors.
Initial Cutaneous Manifestations of Hutchinson‐Gilford Progeria Syndrome
Authors: Rork Jillian F. , Huang Jennifer T. , Gordon Leslie B. , Kleinman Monica , Kieran Mark W. , Liang Marilyn G. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractHutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare, uniformly fatal, premature aging disease with distinct dermatologic features. We sought to identify and describe the initial skin and hair findings as potential diagnostic signs of the disease. We performed a chart review of the structured initial intake histories of 39 individuals with HGPS enrolled in clinical trials from 2007 to 2010 at Boston Children's Hospital, limited to cutaneous history from birth to 24 months. Medical photographs were provided through the clinical trials and the Progeria Research Foundation Medical and Research Database at Brown University Center for Gerontology and Healthcare Research. All 39 patients reported skin and hair abnormalities within the first 24 months of life. Pathologies included sclerodermoid change, prominent superficial veins, dyspigmentation, and alopecia. The mean age of presentation for each finding was <12 months. The most frequently reported skin feature was sclerodermoid change, which commonly involved the abdomen and bilateral lower extremities. Prominent superficial vasculature manifested as circumoral cyanosis and pronounced veins on the scalp and body. Hypo‐ and hyperpigmentation were observed over areas of sclerodermoid change. Scalp alopecia progressed in a distinct pattern, with preservation of the hair over the midscalp and vertex areas for the longest period of time. HGPS has distinct cutaneous manifestations during the first 2 years of life that may be the first signs of disease. Awareness of these findings could expedite diagnosis.
Cord blood graft composition impacts the clinical outcome of allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Wikell H. , Ponandai‐Srinivasan S. , Mattsson J. , Gertow J. , Uhlin M. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractIntroductionDespite routine use of umbilical cord blood (CB) grafts as stem cell source for allogeneic stem cell transplantations, much remains unknown regarding their cell composition and correlation with clinical outcome.MethodsWe analyzed material from 30 CB units used for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation by multicolor flow cytometry. Phenotypic data were correlated with various clinical outcomes such as survival, graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD), relapse, rejection, viral reactivation, and bacteremia.ResultsWe found that above‐median frequencies of CD69+ T cells, naïve CD8+ T cells, and CD127+ B cells in the CB graft were each associated with significantly improved patient survival. Moreover, a statistically significant correlation was seen between higher levels of CD94+ T cells and herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus reactivation post transplantation. A similar correlation was seen for the frequency of CD95+ cells in total CD3+, as well as CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cell subsets, and viral reactivation. Finally, a higher frequency of naïve CD8+ T cells was associated with the incidence of acute GVHD.ConclusionOur study highlights the importance of further exploration of graft composition before CB transplantation as a tool for risk prediction.
The roots of plant defenses: integrative multivariate analyses uncover dynamic behaviors of gene and metabolic networks of roots elicited by leaf herbivory
Authors: Gulati Jyotasana , Baldwin Ian T. , Gaquerel Emmanuel 
Published: January 2014

SummaryHigh‐throughput analyses have frequently been used to characterize herbivory‐induced reconfigurations in plant primary and secondary metabolism in above‐ and below‐ground tissues, but the conclusions drawn from these analyses are often limited by the univariate methods used to analyze the data. Here we use our previously described multivariate time‐series data analysis to evaluate leaf herbivory‐elicited transcriptional and metabolic dynamics in the roots of Nicotiana attenuata. We observed large, but transient, systemic responses in the roots that contrasted with the pattern of co‐linearity observed in the up‐ and downregulation of genes and metabolites across the entire time series in treated and systemic leaves. Using this newly developed approach for the analysis of whole‐plant molecular responses in a time‐course multivariate data set, we simultaneously analyzed stress responses in leaves and roots in response to the elicitation of a leaf. We found that transient systemic responses in roots resolved into two principal trends characterized by: (i) an inversion of root‐specific semi‐diurnal (12 h) transcript oscillations and (ii) transcriptional changes with major amplitude effects that translated into a distinct suite of root‐specific secondary metabolites (e.g. alkaloids synthesized in the roots of N. attenuata). These findings underscore the importance of understanding tissue‐specific stress responses in the correct day–night phase context and provide a holistic framework for the important role played by roots in above‐ground stress responses.
Estimating the transfusion transmission risk of Q fever
Authors: Oei Welling , Kretzschmar Mirjam E.E. , Zaaijer Hans L. , Coutinho Roel , van der Poel Cees L. , Janssen Mart P. 
Published: January 2014

BackgroundThe Q fever outbreaks in the Netherlands in 2007 to 2009 initiated discussion on the necessity of measures to prevent transmission through blood products. Risk assessments help transfusion regulators decide when and where measures are required. This study assesses the transfusion transmission (TT) risk of Q fever using the European Up‐Front Risk Assessment Tool (EUFRAT) model.Study Design and MethodsWe estimated the number of Q fever infections in recipients during the 2007 to 2009 outbreaks' peaks using selected notification data; estimates are calculated from the probability of a donor being infected. We compared this probability to the prevalence of infection estimated from an independent donation testing study and using the Biggerstaff model. We also quantified the risk reduction by implementing measures such as donation testing and donor deferral.ResultsAt the peak of the 2007, 2008, and 2009 outbreaks, there were an estimated 0.21, 0.96, and 1.59 recipients infected with Q fever, respectively. Between June 1, 2009, and January 31, 2010, the probability of a donor being infected with Q fever in the high‐incidence areas was estimated at 260 (95% confidence interval, 192‐340) per 100,000 donors, consistent with results from the donation testing study. The EUFRAT estimates were also consistent with estimates from the Biggerstaff model. Scenario analyses showed that donation testing provided the largest risk reduction of various risk reduction strategies.ConclusionThe TT risk of Q fever during the 2007 to 2009 outbreaks was small, a result that is consistent with results of other studies. EUFRAT can be applied successfully to support decision making during outbreaks.
Productivity and Learning‐by‐exporting: A Firm‐level Analysis of Indian Manufacturing
Authors: Pattnayak Sanja S. , Thangavelu Shandre M. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractIn this paper, we examine whether firms become productive by learning through exporting. To this end, we estimate the production function using microdata of Indian manufacturing firms operating in the period 1991–2001. In contrast to studies on developed countries, our results provide evidence that Indian manufacturing firms are experiencing a rise in productivity through entering export markets and thus experience the learning effect. We also find that there is a productivity rise prior to exporting. Therefore, our results also support the self‐selection mechanism for exporting.