bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Processing Condition on Nutraceutical Potency of Soy Whey Hydrolysate
Authors: Singh Anshu , Adak Sunita , Karmakar Sandipan , Banerjee Rintu 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe present investigation aims to study the nutraceutical potency of soy whey hydrolysate, which can be incorporated as an antioxidant supplement in food products. The hydrolysate was passed through a series of ultrafiltration membranes (30 and 10 kDa MWCO) out of which only 10 kDa permeate showed 1.2‐fold increased activity having stability range of pH 2–9. Under extreme pH, radical‐scavenging activity decreased, retaining nearly 79% of the total original activity. More than 50% of antioxidant activity loss was observed at salt concentration >1.5 mM. Micronutrients such as Cu2+, Mn2+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Co2+ in the reaction medium also reduced the ABTS scavenging activity up to >60%. Addition of phenolics and vitamins in hydrolysates showed strong synergistic effects with peptides. Gastrointestinal digestion resulted in 1.15‐fold increase in the activity with pancreatic digestion. Such results prove the candidature of soy whey hydrolysate as potential ingredient to formulate functional foods.Practical ApplicationsAntioxidant peptide‐rich soy whey hydrolysate can be used as nutritional and antioxidant supplement in food formulation as they are rich in eight essential amino acids and bear a wide range of antioxidant stability during processing.
Pregnancy management for a patient with graft occlusion after right iliac artery bypass surgery
Authors: Nakae Ruriko , Matsuzaki Shinya , Egawa‐Takata Tomomi , Mimura Kazuya , Kanagawa Takeshi , Kimura Tadashi 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe describe an extremely rare case of a pregnant woman who had a successful delivery despite developing bypass graft occlusion after right external iliac bypass surgery. External and common iliac artery bypass surgery is often performed when arteriosclerosis obliterans or thromboangiitis obliterans result in iliac artery occlusion or when revascularization is required because of iliac artery injury. Because arteriosclerosis obliterans and thromboangiitis obliterans rarely develop in young women or girls, most physicians have little experience with graft occlusion after iliac artery bypass surgery. Here we describe and discuss the published work pertaining to this extremely rare case.
Measurement of maternal cerebral tissue hemoglobin on near‐infrared time‐resolved spectroscopy in the peripartum period
Authors: Suzuki Kazunao , Itoh Hiroaki , Mukai Mari , Yamazaki Kaori , Uchida Toshiyuki , Maeda Hideki , Oda Motoki , Yamaki Etsuko , Suzuki Hiroaki , Kanayama Naohiro 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAimTo measure cerebral tissue hemoglobin in uncomplicated and complicated pregnant women during the peripartum period.MethodsTime‐resolved spectroscopy (TRS‐20) can measure absolute concentration of oxygenated, deoxygenated, and total tissue hemoglobin based on the transit time of individual photons. Therefore, we used TRS‐20 to measured tissue hemoglobin in the hemi‐prefrontal lobes of normotensive pregnant women with (n = 51) or without (n = 19) epidural anesthesia, hypertensive pregnant women with pre‐eclampsia (n = 10), a pregnant woman with acute onset of hypertension soon after delivery, and a hypertensive woman after hemorrhagic stroke in delivery.ResultsCyclic labor concomitant with intra‐abdominal pressure caused synergistic elevation in cerebral tissue hemoglobin. In contrast, epidural anesthesia reduced the amplitude of the cyclic increase of cerebral tissue hemoglobin in normotensive pregnant women. Hypertension in labor due to pre‐eclampsia increased the amplitude of synergistic elevation of cerebral tissue hemoglobin caused by cyclic labor and intra‐abdominal pressure. A prolonged high basal level of cerebral tissue hemoglobin was observed in a case of acute onset of hypertension soon after delivery. A decrease in cerebral tissue hemoglobin in the hemi‐prefrontal lobe was observed in a woman 2 h after the onset of hemorrhagic stroke in labor.ConclusionsTRS‐20 can detect specific changes in maternal cerebral tissue hemoglobin level in response to physiological and pathophysiological changes in delivery. Thus, it represents a promising new conventional tool for maternal cerebral monitoring in the peripartum period.
Incidence of spontaneous twin anemia–polycythemia sequence in monochorionic–diamniotic twin pregnancies: Single‐center prospective study
Authors: Yokouchi Tae , Murakoshi Takeshi , Mishima Takashi , Yano Hiroko , Ohashi Madoka , Suzuki Takashi , Shinno Takashi , Matsushita Mitsuru , Nakayama Satoru , Torii Yuichi 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to prospectively estimate the incidence of spontaneous twin anemia–polycythemia sequence (TAPS) in monochorionic–diamniotic twin pregnancies.MethodsWe prospectively examined umbilical cord hemoglobin (Hb) and reticulocyte count of consecutive monochorionic–diamniotic twin pregnancies delivered at Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital from December 2006 to September 2013. We excluded cases of twin–twin transfusion syndrome, intrauterine fetal demise, and missing data (Hb and reticulocyte count missing from the medical record). TAPS was diagnosed using the postnatal criteria of intertwin Hb difference >8.0 g/dL and reticulocyte count ratio >1.7. Acute feto‐fetal hemorrhage was defined as Hb difference >7 g/dL and reticulocyte count ratio <1.7.ResultsA total of 185 monochorionic–diamniotic twin pregnancies were included in this study. Three fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for postnatal TAPS, and one fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for acute feto‐fetal hemorrhage.ConclusionThe incidence of spontaneous TAPS in monochorionic–diamniotic twin pregnancies was 1.6% (3/185) at Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital.
Do Asian women do as well as their Caucasian counterparts in IVF treatment: Cohort study
Authors: Kan Andrew , Leung Peter , Luo Kehui , Fay Louise , Tan Chunyan (Leeann) 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAimTo evaluate if there is a difference in pregnancy rate between Asian and Caucasian women when they undergo in vitro fertilization (IVF).MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study set in a private reproductive medicine clinic. The study consisted of a total of 2594 patients (Asian, n = 522; Caucasian, n = 2072) undergoing IVF managed by a single doctor over a 10 year period. The main outcome measures were clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate. Logistic regression was used to control for confounding factors.ResultsAsian women achieved a significantly lower clinical pregnancy and live birth rate than their Caucasian counterparts, despite replacement of more embryos. This difference was not significant after controlling for age and duration of infertility. Despite higher doses of gonadotrophin, they achieved fewer oocytes and had resultant fewer embryos for transfer or cryopreservation.ConclusionsIn a study designed to reduce the effect of confounding factors by looking at a large number of patients from a single IVF unit under the care of a single doctor, there does not appear to be a difference in IVF pregnancy rate as a result of race. Asian women tend to present for IVF treatment at a later age after having tried for a longer period of time and this contributes significantly to their lower pregnancy rate.
α‐thalassemia‐associated hydrops fetalis: A rare cause of thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Tumian Nor Rafeah , Wong Ming , Wong Chieh Lee 
Published: December 2014

Abstractα°‐thalassemia is a well‐known cause of hydrops fetalis in South‐East Asia and can be detected in utero. We report a very rare case of thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy associated with hyperplacentosis secondary to α°‐thalassemia‐associated hydrops fetalis. A 22‐year‐old primigravida with microcytic anemia presented at 27 weeks' gestation with pre‐eclampsia, hyperthyroidism and cardiac failure. Serum β‐human chorionic gonadotrophin was markedly elevated and abdominal ultrasound revealed severe hydropic features and enlarged placenta. Serum β‐human chorionic gonadotrophin, cardiac function and thyroid function tests normalized after she delivered a macerated stillbirth. Histopathology of the placenta showed hyperplacentosis. Blood DNA analysis revealed that both patient and husband have the α°‐thalassemia trait. This case illustrates a very atypical presentation of α°‐thalassemia‐associated hydrops fetalis and the importance of early prenatal diagnosis of α‐thalassemia in women of relevant ethnic origin with microcytic anemia so that appropriate genetic counseling can be provided to reduce maternal morbidity and the incidence of hydrops fetalis.
Amniotic components in the uterine vasculature and their role in amniotic fluid embolism
Authors: Nakagami Hiroko , Kajihara Takeshi , Kamei Yoshimasa , Ishihara Osamu , Kayano Hidekazu , Sasaki Atsushi , Itakura Atsuo 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAimTo evaluate whether the presence of amniotic components in the maternal uterine vasculature could be a specific pathological indicator for amniotic fluid embolism (AFE).MethodsMedical records of patients treated between January 2006 and March 2013 were retrospectively examined to identify patients who underwent post‐partum hysterectomy or autopsy due to maternal death. Three subjects with AFE with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)‐type post‐partum hemorrhage (PPH), and 13 non‐AFE subjects were included in analysis. Histochemical staining using hematoxylin–eosin (HE) and alcian blue, and immunohistochemical staining for sialyl‐Tn were conducted to detect amniotic components in the maternal uterine vasculature.ResultsAlcian blue was positive for amniotic components in the uterine vasculature of all subjects with AFE and of several subjects without AFE. Similarly, HE and sialyl‐Tn were negative in some AFE subjects and positive in some non‐AFE subjects.ConclusionsThe presence of maternal intravascular fetal material is not a specific indicator for AFE with DIC‐type PPH. Therefore, the presence of fetal components in the uterine vasculature is unlikely to be a definitive indicator for AFE.
Pediatric Spinal Trauma
Authors: Huisman Thierry A.G.M. , Wagner Matthias W. , Bosemani Thangamadhan , Tekes Aylin , Poretti Andrea 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTPediatric spinal trauma is unique. The developing pediatric spinal column and spinal cord deal with direct impact and indirect acceleration/deceleration or shear forces very different compared to adult patients. In addition children are exposed to different kind of traumas. Moreover, each age group has its unique patterns of injury. Familiarity with the normal developing spinal anatomy and kind of traumas is essential to correctly diagnose injury. Various imaging modalities can be used. Ultrasound is limited to the neonatal time period; plain radiography and computer tomography are typically used in the acute work‐up and give highly detailed information about the osseous lesions. Magnetic resonance imaging is more sensitive for disco‐ligamentous and spinal cord injuries. Depending on the clinical presentation and timing of trauma the various imaging modalities will be employed. In the current review article, a summary of the epidemiology and distribution of posttraumatic lesions is discussed in the context of the normal anatomical variations due to progressing development of the child.
Complicated Henoch–Schönlein purpura
Authors: Hernstadt Hayley M , Bartlett Murray , Kausman Joshua Y , Macgregor Duncan , Akikusa Jonathan D 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe present a case of Henoch Schonlein pupura in a 6‐year‐old boy demonstrating some of the diagnostic pitfalls, complications and management challenges of this common paediatric condition.
A complicated case of orbital cellulitis: When the fog doesn't clear
Authors: Raj Christolyn , Lim‐Joon Troy 
Published: December 2014

AbstractOrbital cellulitis is a potential sight‐threatening infection of the ocular adnexal structures posterior to the orbital septum. Acute bacterial sinusitis remains the most common cause of orbital cellulitis in the paediatric age group. Simultaneous intracranial and orbital complications from orbital cellulitis are rare. We describe a case of orbital cellulitis, which proceeded to sub‐periosteal abscess formation and intracranial abscess within days of the initial presentation. The specific features of this case including the rapid progression of the orbital inflammation, failure of improvement over 48 h despite maximal medical treatment and incorrect initial reporting of computed tomography imaging all contributed to the complications seen in this case.
Are Prorocentrum hoffmannianum and Prorocentrum belizeanum (DINOPHYCEAE, PROROCENTRALES), the same species? An integration of morphological and molecular data
Authors: Herrera‐Sepúlveda Angélica , Medlin Linda K. , Murugan Gopal , Sierra‐Beltrán Arturo P. , Cruz‐Villacorta Ariel A. , Hernández‐Saavedra Norma Y. 
Published: December 2014

The taxonomic assignment of Prorocentrum species is based on morphological characteristics; however, morphological variability has been found for several taxa isolated from different geographical regions. In this study, we evaluated species boundaries of Prorocentrum hoffmannianum and Prorocentrum belizeanum based on morphological and molecular data. A detailed morphological analysis was done, concentrating on the periflagellar architecture. Molecular analyses were performed on partial Small Sub‐Unit (SSU) rDNA, partial Large Sub‐Unit (LSU) rDNA, complete Internal Transcribed Spacer Regions (ITS1‐5.8S‐ITS2), and partial cytochrome b (cob) sequences. We concatenated the SSU‐ITS‐LSU fragments and constructed a phylogenetic tree using Bayesian Inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods. Morphological analyses indicated that the main characters, such as cell size and number of depressions per valve, normally used to distinguish P. hoffmannianum from P. belizeanum, overlapped. No clear differences were found in the periflagellar area architecture. Prorocentrum hoffmannianum and P. belizeanum were a highly supported monophyletic clade separated into three subclades, which broadly corresponded to the sample collection regions. Subtle morphological overlaps found in cell shape, size, and ornamentation lead us to conclude that P. hoffmanianum and P. belizeanum might be considered conspecific. The molecular data analyses did not separate P. hoffmannianum and P. belizeanum into two morphospecies, and thus, we considered them to be the P. hoffmannianum species complex because their clades are separated by their geographic origin. These geographic and genetically distinct clades could be referred to as ribotypes: (A) Belize, (B) Florida‐Cuba, (C1) India, and (C2) Australia.
Heritability Estimates and Genetic Correlations Among Body Weight and Measurement Traits of Large‐size Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, in China
Authors: Hu Guo , Gu Wei , Jiang Zaisheng , Bai Qingli , Wang Bingqian 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe variance components of additive effects and genetic correlations of body weight (BW) and body measurement traits were estimated in a freshwater strain selected for large size in a breeding program for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, in China. Phenotypic data were collected for BW and measurement traits from 2362 individuals with a two‐generation pedigree, and the average information‐restricted maximum likelihood method was used for the genetic analysis. The genetic parameters of BW were estimated at three time points (550, 850, and 1000 days post‐fertilization [dpf]), showing high heritability in a range from 0.33 to 0.98. However, the heritability estimates of total length (TL) showed lower values ranging from 0.05 to 0.51, with high standard errors. Genetic correlation between TL and BW was almost equal to unity at 550 dpf, and the genetic correlations between TL at 550 dpf and BW at two other time points were all positive and very high (ca. 0.95–0.99). These results indicate that BW and TL selected at 550 dpf had a direct positive effect on BW performance at 1000 dpf, which was 450 d before the date of the target trait observed.
Meat and Bone Meal as an Alternative for Fish Meal in Soybean Meal‐Based Diets for Florida Pompano, Trachinotus carolinus L.
Authors: Rossi Waldemar , Davis D. Allen 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAlternative protein feedstuffs are potential surrogates for fish meal in the diet of Florida pompano. This study was designed to evaluate the replacement of fish meal with meat and bone meal in a soybean meal‐based diet for Florida pompano. In Trial I (10 wk), the basal diet (FM15, formulated to contain 40% crude protein and 10% lipid) containing 15% fish meal was modified by the isonitrogenous replacement of fish meal with meat and bone meal producing diets with 10 (FM10), 5 (FM05), and 0% (FM0) fish meal. In Trial II (8 wk), the FM0 served as the basal diet (Tau 0) and was modified by the additive supplementation of taurine to produce three test diets containing 0.25 (Tau 0.25), 0.5 (Tau 0.50), and 0.75% (Tau 0.75) taurine. In Trial I, reduced weight gain (220.1%), feed efficiency (0.31), and survival (84.5%) were observed in fish fed the FM0 diet (P < 0.05). In Trial II, the supplementation of taurine improved the growth performance, survival, and protein and energy retention efficiencies of Florida pompano (P < 0.05). These results indicate that the supplementation of taurine was required in these feed formulations and that meat and bone meal is a good alternative ingredient for fish meal in soybean meal‐based diets for Florida pompano.
Molecular Cloning and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Identification of Myostatin cDNA in the Pearl Oyster, Pinctada fucata
Authors: Li Qin , Li Yaoguo , Huang Xiande , He Maoxian 
Published: December 2014

AbstractMyostatin (MSTN or growth differentiation factor‐8) is considered a negative regulator of muscle growth and development. In this study, we cloned and characterized the full‐length MSTN cDNA from Pinctada fucata, and named it as the Pf‐MSTN cDNA. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Pf‐MSTN cDNA were then screened and genotyped. The full‐length Pf‐MSTN cDNA was 2644 bp, including an open reading frame of 1248 bp encoding 415 amino acids which contained typical structural characteristics shared by all members of the transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) superfamily including an N‐terminal signal peptide, a propeptide domain, and a TGF‐β superfamily bioactive domain. The Pf‐MSTN mRNA was detected in all tested tissues, with the highest mRNA levels observed in the adductor muscle, indicating that Pf‐MSTN may play a major role in this tissue. Furthermore, by sequencing and alignment, 32 SNP loci were identified in Pf‐MSTN cDNA. Genotyping 50 individuals from a common breeding stock revealed that 21 of these 32 loci were polymorphic. The minor allele frequency was in the range of 0.0400–0.4800, and the polymorphism information content value varied from 0.0739 to 0.3750. The observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.0200 to 1.0000 and from 0.0776 to 0.5051, respectively. These SNPs identified in Pf‐MSTN will be useful for future studies investigating their utility in marker‐assisted selection for P. fucata breeding.
The Route to Take‐up: Evidence from the UK Pension Credit Reform
Authors: Zantomio Francesca 
Published: December 2014

AbstractViable routes to increase the take‐up of cash transfer programs include raising the financial incentive to claim and reducing claiming barriers. Older people's response to both is evaluated exploiting the introduction of Pension Credit in the UK. The reform involved improved application assistance, simplified claiming procedure, extended recertification interval, less intrusive reporting requirements and outreach campaigning; also, the cash entitlement was increased for a subgroup of pensioners. The behavioral response is identified using Family Resources Survey data. Results support the effectiveness of financial incentives, while no effect is found in the case of reducing barriers policies when unaccompanied by financial incentives.
Unlicensed personnel administering medications to older persons living at home: a challenge for social and care services
Authors: Gransjön Craftman Asa , Hammar Lena M. , von Strauss Eva , Hillerås Pernilla , Westerbotn Margareta 
Published: December 2014

BackgroundAdministration of medication to care recipients is delegated to home‐care assistants working in the municipal social care, alongside responsibility for providing personal assistance for older people. Home‐care assistants have practical administration skills, but lack formal medical knowledge.AimThe aim of this study was to explore how home‐care assistants perceive administration of medication to older people living at home, as delegated to them in the context of social care.MethodsFour focus groups consisting of 19 home‐care assistants were conducted. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.ResultsAccording to home‐care assistants, health and social care depends on delegation arrangements to function effectively, but in the first place it relieves a burden for district nurses. Even when the delegation had expired, administration of medication continued, placing the statutes of regulation in a subordinate position. There was low awareness among home‐care assistants about the content of the statutes of delegation. Accepting delegation to administer medications has become an implicit prerequisite for social care work in the municipality.ConclusionsAccepting the delegation to administer medication was inevitable and routine. In practice, the regulating statute is made subordinate and consequently patient safety can be threatened. The organisation of health and social care relies on the delegation arrangement to meet the needs of a growing number of older home‐care recipients.Implications for practiceThis is a crucial task which management within both the healthcare professions and municipal social care needs to address, to bridge the gap between statutes and practice, to create arenas for mutual collaboration in the care recipients’ best interest and to ensure patient safety.
Mold contamination in schools with either high or low prevelance of asthma
Authors: Vesper Stephen , Prill Rich , Wymer Larry , Adkins Lauren , Williams Ronald , Fulk Florence 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackgroundMold exposures have been linked to the development and exacerbation of asthma. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) metric, developed to quantify mold exposures in homes, might be applied to evaluating the mold contamination in schools.MethodsSettled dust samples (n = 10) were collected on each level of a water‐damaged school in Springfield, Massachusetts and two samples per level in five Idaho schools. Each dust sample was analyzed for the 36 molds that make up the ERMI. The concentration of 2.5‐μm particulate matter (PM2.5) was measured in each school at two locations during the spring of 2013.ResultsThe average ERMI value in the Springfield school, 15.51, was significantly greater (p < 0.001) than the average ERMI value, −2.87, in the Idaho schools. Ten of the twenty‐six Group 1 molds, which are associated with water‐damaged environments, were in significantly greater concentrations in the Springfield school. The populations of Group 2 molds, which are common indoors even without water damage, were essentially the same in Springfield and Idaho schools. The average PM2.5 concentration in the Springfield and Idaho schools was 11.6 and 3.4 μg/m3, respectively.ConclusionsThe ERMI scale might be useful in comparing the relative mold contamination in schools.