bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Practical Guide to Nutrition Support in the Oncology Patient: Tips, Tricks, and Ethical Considerations
Authors: Russell L. , Bode A. Hodge , Dengler A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Nutrition support may be indicated in the care for oncology patients. Enteral access include nasoenteric, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy tubes. However, it can be challenging to determine which tube is appropriate and how to manage tube complications such as breakage or dislodgement. This review will highlight the devices, placement techniques and practical guide on the approach to enteral access, and touch on nutrition support options for the oncology patient.

Recent Findings
In regards to tube placement, endoscopic techniques are comparable to radiologically assisted in terms of success and safety. Prediction models have determined who would benefit from prophylactic tube placement, especially in patients with head and neck cancers. However practically some retrospective studies have shown no changes in weight with prophylactic tubes, highlighting the need for further standards on approach for enteral nutrition. Finally, work has continued to explore the need for open communication and shared expectations in management of enteral access in palliative oncology patients.

Summary
Overall understanding the indication, placement techniques and management of enteral access and nutrition support is pertinent in the treatment of oncology patients, especially those high risk for malnutrition.
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Diagnostic Accuracy of a Graded Gait and Truncal Instability Rating in Acutely Dizzy and Ataxic Patients
Authors: Martinez Carlos , Wang Zheyu , Zalazar Guillermo , Carmona Sergio , Kattah Jorge , Tarnutzer Alexander Andrea 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
In patients presenting with acute prolonged vertigo and/or gait imbalance, the HINTS [Head-Impulse, Nystagmus, Test-of-Skew] are very valuable. However, their application may be limited by lack of training and absence of vertigo/nystagmus. Alternatively, a graded gait/truncal-instability (GTI, grade 0–3) rating may be applied.

Methods
We performed a systematic search (MEDLINE/Embase) to identify studies reporting on the diagnostic accuracy of bedside examinations in adults with acute vestibular syndrome. Diagnostic test properties were calculated for findings using a random-effects model. Results were stratified by GTI-rating used.

Results
We identified 6515 articles and included 18 studies (n = 1025 patients). Ischemic strokes (n = 665) and acute unilateral vestibulopathy (n = 306) were most frequent. Grade 2/3 GTI had moderate sensitivity (70.8% [95% confidence-interval (CI) = 59.3–82.3%]) and specificity (82.7 [71.6–93.8%]) for predicting a central cause, whereas grade 3 GTI had a lower sensitivity (44.0% [34.3–53.7%] and higher specificity (99.1% [98.0–100.0%]). In comparison, diagnostic accuracy of HINTS (sensitivity = 96.8% [94.8–98.8%]; specificity = 97.6% [95.3–99.9%]) was higher. When combining central nystagmus-patterns and grade 2/3 GTI, sensitivity was increased to 76.4% [71.3–81.6%] and specificity to 90.3% [84.3–96.3%], however, no random effects model could be used. Sensitivity was higher in studies using the GTI rating (grade 2/3) by Lee (2006) compared to the approach by Moon (2009) (73.8% [69.0–78.0%] vs. 57.4% [49.5–64.9%], p = 0.001).

Conclusions
In comparison to HINTS, the diagnostic accuracy of GTI is inferior. When combined with central nystagmus-patterns, diagnostic accuracy could be improved based on preliminary findings. GTI can be readily applied in the ED-setting and also in patients with acute imbalance syndrome.
Theoretically supported experimental analyses on Safranin O biosorption from textile wastewater via dead biomass of Spirogyra porticalis
Authors: Aksu Aysun , Kütük Nurşah , Çaylak Osman , Kasaka Ergün , Çetinkaya Serap , Maslov Mikhail M. , Kaya Savaş 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHigh-performance chemical systems designed to eliminate pollution caused by dyestuffs are still among the focuses of interest of chemists. Non-toxic biological materials especially have begun to be widely used in this field. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, SEM (scanning electron microscopy), EDS (energy-dispersive X-ray analysis), and TGA (thermogravimetric analysis) were performed. Adsorption was performed in batch-adsorption experiments. Optimization processes involved pH, amounts of the sorbent and Safranin O, adsorption kinetics, desorption, and reusability. To highlight the mechanism of the interaction between Safranin O and S. porticalis and to predict the power and nature interactions, density functional theory computations were performed. Optimization processes included pH, amounts of sorbent and Safranin O, adsorption kinetics, desorption, and reusability. Experimental results were re-evaluated using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and the biosorption process followed Freundlich isotherm kinetics. The biosorption mechanism was understood by pseudo-first-order (PFO), intraparticle diffusion (IPD), and Elovich models. Adsorption was determined to follow PFO kinetics: physical, endothermic, and spontaneous. The highest recovery was obtained in NaOH. Density functional theory (DFT) finding calculations were also performed to prove the high adsorption capacity for Safranin O of the material used.
Sorption of zinc chloride complexes from acid-based solutions by using anionic resins: process optimization and modelling
Authors: Barlık N. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe sorption of zinc chloride ions from hydrochloric acid-based solutions using anionic resins was investigated. A two-stage experiment was planned. In the first stage, parameter optimization was performed using the Taguchi experimental optimization approach for type of anionic resins, initial Zn (II) ion concentration, resin dose, agitation rate, and temperature and time of the process as process parameters. According to the signal—to—noise ratio values calculated with the larger better-quality feature; the optimum parameter levels were determined as chloride form resin, 10 g/L, 1200 mg/L, 200 rpm and 35 °C and 90 min, respectively. Under optimum operating conditions, the sorption capacity of the resin for zinc chloride complex ions was 46.52 mg/g. The energy dispersive X-Ray analyses confirmed that zinc chloride complexes bind to the resin’s surfaces. In the second step, equilibrium and kinetic tests were performed under the optimum parameters. The tests results were compared with six equilibrium isotherm models with 2 or more parameters and four kinetic models. The non-linear solution approach was applied for all models. Langmuir isotherm and the general order models were the best fit. The values of $${K}_{L}$$

K
L

and $${q}_{m,L}$$

q

m
,
L

for the Langmuir model were 2.15*10–3 L/g and 66.08 mg/g, respectively. The kinetic model can be given by an equation of order 3.26. Accordingly, $${k}_{n}$$

k
n

and $${q}_{e,n}$$

q

e
,
n

were 2.18*10–5 min/(g mg)2.26 and 60.03 mg/g, respectively. The process mechanism was a typical chemical sorption. According to the results of desorption tests conducted using 1 M HCl, the desorption efficiency was 65%.
Oral health and related outcomes in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis: a scoping review
Authors: Chin D. , Ramalingam L. , Harrison J. , Silva M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Good oral health is important for children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis (CF). The purpose of this scoping review is to describe the existing evidence base regarding oral health in children and adolescents with CF and provide recommendations for future research.

Methods
Using a scoping review framework, a comprehensive search was undertaken using medline, embase, and PubMed. The search strategy included broad terms relating to CF, oral health, and children and adolescents and included only papers written in English.

Results
61 articles were included. Topics investigated included dental caries, enamel defects, periodontal health, dental staining, oral health related quality of life, dental management, and dental development of children and adolescents with CF.

Conclusion
Dental outcomes of children and adolescents with CF differ from the healthy population. The current literature describing dental health in children and adolescents with CF includes predominately descriptive analyses. A shift to hypothesis-based studies to explore causal relationships that explain the differences in dental outcomes seen in the CF population offers an opportunity to better understand the problems faced by children and adolescents with CF. Research that actively engages stakeholders, including children and adolescents with CF and their families will enable evidence-based recommendations to improve their oral health.
Budesonide in Liver Immunology: A Therapeutic Opportunity in Liver Transplantation
Authors: Liu Dorothy , Bonwick William M. W. , Sumithran Priya , Grace Josephine A. , Sinclair Marie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
A major remaining challenge in liver transplantation is achieving the balance between adequate immunosuppression to prevent allograft rejection and minimising immunosuppression-related side effects. Systemic corticosteroids contribute to the development of multi-system adverse effects that increase recipient morbidity and mortality. Oral budesonide undergoes significant first-pass hepatic metabolism, thereby minimising systemic availability, but maintains a similar immunosuppressive impact on the liver and gastrointestinal tract as systemic corticosteroids. This review aims to explore the rationale for oral budesonide as an alternative immunosuppressant to conventional corticosteroids following liver transplantation.

Recent findings
Despite increasing evidence of efficacy and safety in other gastrointestinal conditions, research on the role of budesonide as an alternative immunosuppressant to conventional corticosteroids in the liver transplant setting remains scarce. However, existing literature suggests efficacy in the treatment and prevention of acute rejection after liver transplantation, with minimal toxicity.

Summary
The unique pharmacokinetic profile of oral budesonide may address the unmet need for a medical therapy that has efficacy but with a better safety profile compared to conventional corticosteroids in the liver transplant setting.
Distributive justice and value trade-offs in antibiotic use in aged care settings
Authors: Williams Jane , Chawraingern Sittichoke , Degeling Chris 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Residential aged care facilities (RACF) are sites of high antibiotic use in Australia. Misuse of antimicrobial drugs in RACF contributes to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) burdens that accrue to individuals and the wider public, now and in the future. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) practices in RACF, e.g. requiring conformation of infection, are designed to minimise inappropriate use of antibiotics. We conducted dialogue groups with 46 participants with a parent receiving aged care to better understand families’ perspectives on antibiotics and care in RACF. Participants grappled with value trade offs in thinking about their own parents’ care, juggling imagined population and future harms with known short term comfort of individuals and prioritising the latter. Distributive justice in AMR relies on collective moral responsibility and action for the benefit of future generations and unknown others. In RACF, AMS requires value trade-offs and compromise on antimicrobial use in an environment that is heavily reliant on antimicrobial drugs to perform caring functions. In the context of aged care, AMS is a technical solution to a deeply relational and socio-structural problem and there is a risk that carers (workers, families) are morally burdened by system failures that are not addressed in AMS solutions.
Experimental study on the influence of roadway shape on the evolution of outburst fluid static pressure
Authors: Xu Jiang , Wang Xiaomei , Cheng Liang , Peng Shoujian , Yang Hailin , Zhou Bin , Jiao Feng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo explore the static pressure dynamic disaster mechanism of coal-and-gas outburst (CGO) fluid, the self-developed multi-field coupling large-scale physical simulation test system of coal mine dynamic disaster was used to carry out gas outburst and CGO physical simulation tests in straight, L-shaped and T-shaped roadways. The influence of roadway shape on the evolution of static pressure was explored, and the role of pulverized coal in the process of static pressure dynamic disaster was clarified. The results indicated that the static pressure showed a fluctuating downward trend during the outburst process. When gas outburst, the middle and front parts of the roadway in the straight section roadway were the most serious areas of static pressure disasters in the three shapes of roadways. The duration and range of high static pressure disaster in L-shaped roadway were larger than those in T-shaped and straight roadways in turn. When CGO, the most serious area of static pressure disaster in L-shaped and T-shaped roadways moved backward to the middle of the straight section roadway, and there was a rebound phenomenon in the process of static pressure fluctuation decline, which showed the pulse characteristics of CGO. During the outburst, the static pressure dynamic disaster hazard of L-shaped roadway was higher than that of T-shaped roadway, and the static pressure at the bifurcation structure decayed faster than that at the turning structure, which indicated that T-shaped roadway was more conducive to the release of static pressure in roadway, thus reduced the risk of static pressure disaster. When gas outburst, the static pressure attenuation of the fluid in the roadway before and after the turning and bifurcation structure was greater than that of CGO. The peak static pressure and impulse of the fluid during gas outburst were 2 times and 4–5 times that of CGO respectively. The presence of pulverized coal reduced the attenuation of static pressure and the hazard of dynamic disaster, prolonged the release time of energy, and led to the change of the maximum static pressure disaster area.
Solar-Driven Sustainability: III–V Semiconductor for Green Energy Production Technologies
Authors: Chandran Bagavath , Oh Jeong-Kyun , Lee Sang-Wook , Um Dae-Young , Kim Sung-Un , Veeramuthu Vignesh , Park Jin-Seo , Han Shuo , Lee Cheul-Ro , Ra Yong-Ho 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLong-term societal prosperity depends on addressing the world’s energy and environmental problems, and photocatalysis has emerged as a viable remedy. Improving the efficiency of photocatalytic processes is fundamentally achieved by optimizing the effective utilization of solar energy and enhancing the efficient separation of photogenerated charges. It has been demonstrated that the fabrication of III–V semiconductor-based photocatalysts is effective in increasing solar light absorption, long-term stability, large-scale production and promoting charge transfer. This focused review explores on the current developments in III–V semiconductor materials for solar-powered photocatalytic systems. The review explores on various subjects, including the advancement of III–V semiconductors, photocatalytic mechanisms, and their uses in H2 conversion, CO2 reduction, environmental remediation, and photocatalytic oxidation and reduction reactions. In order to design heterostructures, the review delves into basic concepts including solar light absorption and effective charge separation. It also highlights significant advancements in green energy systems for water splitting, emphasizing the significance of establishing eco-friendly systems for CO2 reduction and hydrogen production. The main purpose is to produce hydrogen through sustainable and ecologically friendly energy conversion. The review intends to foster the development of greener and more sustainable energy source by encouraging researchers and developers to focus on practical applications and advancements in solar-powered photocatalysis.
Menstrual variations of sleep–wake rhythms in healthy women
Authors: Namie Tomoko , Kotaka Tsugumi , Watanabe Kazuto , Takasu Nana N. , Nakamura Wataru , Nakamura Takahiro J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe ovarian steroid hormones, estrogen and progesterone, the levels of which fluctuate dynamically with the estrous cycle, alter circadian behavioral rhythms in mammals. However, it remains unclear whether the sleep–wake rhythm fluctuates with the menstrual cycle in humans. To ascertain the relationship between the menstrual cycle and sleep–wake rhythms, we evaluated the objective and long-term sleep–wake rhythms of ten healthy women using a recently developed wearable device. The results showed a strong negative correlation between the sleep midpoint and the quasi-peak value (an indicator of rhythm robustness), and a positive correlation between the length of the menstrual cycle (days) and social jetlag (hours). These results suggest that healthy women with late sleeping habits have a disturbed sleep–wake rhythm and that irregular habits prolong the menstrual cycle. The sleep midpoint and quasi-peak values showed variations during the menstrual cycle. The quasi-peak values in the follicular phase were significantly higher than those in the menstrual and luteal phases. In rodents, the phase of locomotor activity rhythm advances, and activity increases at night during proestrus. The increase in quasi-peak values during the follicular phase, when estrogen is relatively high, may be due to the increased activity caused by estrogen. These results suggest that ovarian steroid hormones influence sleep–wake rhythms in women. Verifying the results of this study under various conditions is necessary; however, accurately predicting the day of ovulation using only the acquisition of sleep–wake rhythms with wearable devices will be possible.
Intelligent smelting process, management system: Efficient and intelligent management strategy by incorporating large language model
Authors: Fu Tianjie , Liu Shimin , Li Peiyu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the steelmaking industry, enhancing production cost-effectiveness and operational efficiency requires the integration of intelligent systems to support production activities. Thus, effectively integrating various production modules is crucial to enable collaborative operations throughout the entire production chain, reducing management costs and complexities. This paper proposes, for the first time, the integration of Vision-Language Model (VLM) and Large Language Model (LLM) technologies in the steel manufacturing domain, creating a novel steelmaking process management system. The system facilitates data collection, analysis, visualization, and intelligent dialogue for the steelmaking process. The VLM module provides textual descriptions for slab defect detection, while LLM technology supports the analysis of production data and intelligent question-answering. The feasibility, superiority, and effectiveness of the system are demonstrated through production data and comparative experiments. The system has significantly lowered costs and enhanced operational understanding, marking a critical step toward intelligent and cost-effective management in the steelmaking domain.
A Multi-strategy Improved Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm for Solving Global Optimization and Engineering Problems
Authors: Liu Wei , Yan Wenlv , Li Tong , Han Guangyu , Ren Tengteng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a multi-strategy improved grasshopper optimization algorithm (MSIGOA), which aims to address the shortcomings of the grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA), including its slow convergence, vulnerability to trapping into local optima, and low accuracy. Firstly, to improve the uniformity of the population distribution in the search space, the MSIGOA uses circle mapping for the population initialization. A nonlinear decreasing coefficient is utilized instead of an original linear decreasing coefficient to improve the local exploitation and global exploration capabilities. Then, the modified golden sine mechanism is added during the position update stage to change the single position update mode of GOA and enhance the local exploitation capability. The greedy strategy is added to greedily select the new and old positions of the individual to retain a better position and increase the speed of convergence. Finally, the quasi-reflection-based learning mechanism is utilized to construct new populations to improve population multiplicity and the capability to escape from the local optima. This paper verifies the efficacy of MSIGOA by comparing it with other advanced algorithms on six engineering design problems, CEC2017 test functions, and 12 classical benchmark functions. The experimental results show that MSIGOA performs better than the original GOA and other compared algorithms and has stronger comprehensive optimization capabilities.
Impact of actuation and sensor measurement delays on stability of real-time hybrid aeroelastic simulation system
Authors: Su W. , Song W. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper is focused on the stability of real-time hybrid aeroelastic simulation systems for flexible wings. In a hybrid aeroelastic simulation, a coupled aeroelastic system is ‘broken down’ into an aerodynamic simulation subsystem and a structural vibration testing subsystem. The coupling between structural dynamics and aerodynamics is achieved by real-time communication between the two subsystems. Real-time hybrid aeroelastic simulations can address the limitations associated with conventional aeroelastic testing performed within a wind tunnel or with pure computational aeroelastic simulation. However, as the coupling between structural dynamics and aerodynamics is completed through the real-time actuation and sensor measurement, their delays may inherently impact the performance of hybrid simulation system and subsequently alter the measured aeroelastic stability characteristics of the flexible wings. This study aims to quantify the impact of actuation and sensor measurement delays on the measured aeroelastic stability, e.g. the flutter boundary, of flexible wings during real-time hybrid simulations, especially when different aerodynamic models are implemented.
Transport Pathways for Iron Supply to the Australian Antarctic Ridge Phytoplankton Bloom
Authors: Vanegas Ledesma A. , Thomas L. N. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBiological productivity in the Southern Ocean is modulated by iron availability. Every summer, a large phytoplankton bloom forms northwest of the Ross Sea, above the Antarctic Australian Ridge (AAR), due to a plume of iron‐rich waters. Here, we investigate the origin and trajectories of these iron‐rich waters by analyzing water mass observations and Lagrangian experiments. Output from the Southern Ocean State Estimate (SOSE) and in situ measurements reveal that iron‐rich AAR bloom waters share properties with Modified Circumpolar Deep Water (MCDW), which forms on the Antarctic shelf‐slope. The Lagrangian experiments are conducted using SOSE velocities. Bloom waters tracked with virtual Lagrangian particles highlight an along isopycnal pathway of MCDW from Antarctica's shelf‐slope to the AAR bloom site, illustrating advection of these waters by the Balleny Gyre. These results are supported by temperature‐salinity analyses, which show a correlation between waters advected northwards; MCDW properties; and high iron concentrations.