bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Spanish meteorological records (1780–1850)
Authors: Domínguez‐Castro F. , Vaquero J. M. , Rodrigo F. S. , Farrona A. M. M. , Gallego M. C. , García‐Herrera R. , Barriendos M. , Sanchez‐Lorenzo A. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTThis article summarizes recent efforts on early instrumental data recovery in Spain conducted under the Salvà‐Sinobas project. We have retrieved and digitized more than 100 000 meteorological observations prior to 1850 in Spain. This data set contains measurements of air temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind direction and state of the atmosphere in 16 places located in Iberia and the Balearic Islands. Most of the observations are made on a daily basis. However, monthly and annual information has also been retrieved. The time coverage of the series is not homogeneous, with the earliest records starting in Seville in 1780. Prior to this work only two series were available in Spain (i.e. Cadiz and Barcelona), so this data set represents a great advance in the early data availability for Spain. Due to the lack of metadata in most of the series, their interpretation must be made with caution. © 2013 Royal Meteorological Society
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Glomalin‐Related Soil Protein as Potential Indicators of Soil Quality in a Recuperation Gradient of the Atlantic Forest in Brazil
Authors: Vasconcellos Rafael L. F. , Bonfim Joice Andrade , Baretta Dilmar , Cardoso Elke J. B. N. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis study aimed at surveying arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species and glomalin‐related soil protein (GRSP) to understand their role as presumable biological indicators of soil quality in an undisturbed forest site (NT) and three sites with different management histories, soil textures, and different ages of recovery after reforestation for 20 (R20), 10 (R10) and 5 years (R05). Our objective was to determine how physical, chemical and microbiological soil attributes influence AMF species distribution, total‐GRSP (T‐GRSP) and easily extractable‐GRSP (EE‐GRSP). Glomus and Acaulospora were related to impacted sites, Gigaspora rosea to sites R10 and R20 that have different management histories and soil textures and Glomus geosporum to sites NT and R10, suggesting some influence of texture on its distribution. Scutellospora pellucida and other species were found only in one season. Correlations between EE‐GRSP and T‐GRSP on the one hand and total carbon and nitrogen, dehydrogenase and urease activity, microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen, on the other, reached values of 40–70% and were especially strong in summer. Soil bulk density had a negative and macroporosity a positive effect only on EE‐GRSP, suggesting the necessity to choose either EE‐GRSP or T‐GRSP as biological indicator depending on the soil characteristics and management. This study demonstrates the effect of recovery age, seasonality and other soil attributes on AMF and GRSP distribution and shows that these biological attributes may be used as indicators of soil quality in the Atlantic forest in Brazil. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microwell Chips for Selection of Bio‐macromolecules that Increase the Differentiation Capacities of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Hsu Shan‐hui , Ni Yu‐Hui , Lee Yung‐Chun 
Published: May 2013

AbstractMicrowell chips (25 mm × 25 mm) are fabricated to select proper substrates for growing three‐dimensional (3D) spheroids from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Different bio‐macromolecules and their combinations are immobilized on the chip by air plasma treatment and by polyelectrolyte interaction. Only a small number of MSCs (≈105) are needed for each chip. The expression level of N‐cadherin, a cell‐adhesion molecule, is used as an indicator for cell‐cell interactions. MSC spheroids expressing the highest N‐cadherin level also show the greatest osteogenic potential. The microwell chip may be used as an efficient platform to screen bio‐macromolecules that enhance the differentiation potential of MSCs.
Synthesis and Properties of Poly(p‐phenylene ethynylene)s with Oxidation‐ and Reduction‐Sensitive Moieties
Authors: Schroeter Michael , Behl Marc , Kaiser Christian , Lendlein Andreas 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe synthesis of redox‐sensitive poly(p‐phenylene ethynylene)s (rsPPEs) bearing protected quinones in their backbone by the Sonogashira coupling reaction is described. The rsPPEs show excellent solubility in toluene, tetrahydrofurane, and chloroform. Cleavage of the protection group of the incorporated quinone moieties enables main‐chain conductive polymers having redox‐sensitive properties to be produced. These redox‐sensitive switches can be reduced and oxidized in solution, as well as in the solid state, accompanied by a change of the photoluminescence values. The processes occurring during oxidation and reduction are analyzed by UV–vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy and lead to a decrease of intensity of 80% during oxidation. Such multifunctional polymers may be useful for redox‐potential changing stimuli in biological systems.magnified image
Heme‐related gene expression signatures of meat intakes in lung cancer tissues
Authors: Lam Tram Kim , Rotunno Melissa , Ryan Brid M. , Pesatori Angela C. , Bertazzi Pier Alberto , Spitz Margaret , Caporaso Neil E. , Landi Maria Teresa 
Published: May 2013

AbstractLung cancer causes more deaths worldwide than any other cancer. In addition to cigarette smoking, dietary factors may contribute to lung carcinogenesis. Epidemiologic studies, including the environment and genetics in lung cancer etiology (EAGLE), have reported increased consumption of red/processed meats to be associated with higher risk of lung cancer. Heme–iron toxicity may link meat intake with cancer. We investigated this hypothesis in meat‐related lung carcinogenesis using whole genome expression. We measured genome‐wide expression (HG‐U133A) in 49 tumor and 42 non‐involved fresh frozen lung tissues of 64 adenocarcinoma EAGLE patients. We studied gene expression profiles by high‐versus‐low meat consumption, with and without adjustment by sex, age, and smoking. Threshold for significance was a false discovery rate (FDR) ≤0.15. We studied whether the identified genes played a role in heme–iron related processes by means of manually curated literature search and gene ontology‐based pathway analysis. We found that gene expression of 232 annotated genes in tumor tissue significantly distinguished lung adenocarcinoma cases who consumed above/below the median intake of fresh red meats (FDR = 0.12). Sixty‐three (∼28%) of the 232 identified genes (12 expected by chance, P‐value < 0.001) were involved in heme binding, absorption, transport, and Wnt signaling pathway (e.g., CYPs, TPO, HPX, HFE, SLCs, and WNTs). We also identified several genes involved in lipid metabolism (e.g., NCR1, TNF, and UCP3) and oxidative stress (e.g., TPO, SGK2, and MTHFR) that may be indirectly related to heme‐toxicity. The study's results provide preliminary evidence that heme–iron toxicity might be one underlying mechanism linking fresh red meat intake and lung cancer. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Defining the Epsilon‐Sarcoglycan (SGCE) Gene Phenotypic Signature in Myoclonus‐Dystonia: A Reappraisal of Genetic Testing Criteria
Authors: Carecchio Miryam , Magliozzi Monia , Copetti Massimiliano , Ferraris Alessandro , Bernardini Laura , Bonetti Monica , Defazio Giovanni , Edwards Mark J. , Torrente Isabella , Pellegrini Fabio , Comi Cristoforo , Bhatia Kailash P. , Valente Enza Maria 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTMutations or exon deletions of the epsilon‐sarcoglycan (SGCE) gene cause myoclonus‐dystonia (M‐D), but a subset of M‐D patients are mutation‐negative and the sensitivity and specificity of current genetic testing criteria are unknown. We screened 46 newly enrolled M‐D patients for SGCE mutations and deletions; moreover, 24 subjects previously testing negative for SGCE mutations underwent gene dosage analysis. In our combined cohorts, we calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and area under the curve of 2 published sets of M‐D diagnostic criteria. A stepwise logistic regression was used to assess which patients' characteristics best discriminated mutation carriers and to calculate a new mutation predictive score (“new score”), which we validated in previously published cohorts. Nine of 46 (19.5%) patients of the new cohort carried SCGE mutations, including 5 novel point mutations and 1 whole‐gene deletion; in the old cohort, 1 patient with a complex phenotype carried a 5.9‐Mb deletion encompassing SGCE. Current diagnostic criteria had a poor ability to discriminate SGCE‐positive from SGCE‐negative patients in our cohort; conversely, age of onset, especially if associated with psychiatric features (as included in the new score), showed the best discriminatory power to individuate SGCE mutation carriers, both in our cohort and in the validation cohort. Our results suggest that young age at onset of motor symptoms, especially in association with psychiatric disturbance, are strongly predictive for SGCE positivity. We suggest performing gene dosage analysis by multiple ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) to individuate large SGCE deletions that can be responsible for complex phenotypes. © 2013 Movement Disorder Society
4‐Hydroxyderricin and xanthoangelol from Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) suppress differentiation of preadiopocytes to adipocytes via AMPK and MAPK pathways
Authors: Zhang Tianshun , Sawada Keisuke , Yamamoto Norio , Ashida Hitoshi 
Published: May 2013

ScopeAdipocytes differentiation is deeply involved in the onset of obesity. 4‐Hydroxyderricin (4HD) and xanthoangelol (XAG) are the chalcones that are derived from Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei). In this study, we demonstrated the inhibitory effects of these chalcones on adipocytes differentiation.Methods and results4HD and XAG suppressed intracellular lipid accumulation by Oil red O staining at 5 μM without cytotoxicity. They inhibited adipocytes differentiation accompanied by down‐expression of adipocyte‐specific transcription factors, CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein‐β (C/EBP‐β), C/EBP‐α, and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPAR‐γ) using RT‐PCR and Western blotting analysis. To obtain insights into the underlying mechanism, the activation of AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathways was investigated. These two chalcones promoted phosphorylation of AMPK and acetyl CoA carboxylase during differentiation of 3T3‐L1 adipocytes accompanied by a decrease in glycerol‐3‐phosphate acyl transferase‐1 and an increase in carnitine palmitoyltransferase‐1 mRNA expression. These chalcones also promoted phosphorylation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinases and Jun aminoterminal kinases, but not p38. Moreover, the inhibitors for AMPK and extracellular signal‐regulated kinases abolished the chalcones‐caused down‐expression of C/EBP‐β, C/EBP‐α, and PPAR‐γ. Treatment with Jun aminoterminal kinases inhibitor abolished the down‐expression of C/EBP‐α and PPAR‐γ, but not C/EBP‐β.Conclusion4HD and XAG inhibit adipocytes differentiation through AMPK and mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathways, resulting in the down‐expression of adipocyte‐specific transcription factors.
Mismatch DNA repair mRNA expression profiles in oral melanin pigmentation lesion and hamartomatous polyp of a child with peutz–jeghers syndrome
Authors: Vageli Dimitra P. , Doukas Sotirios G. , Markou Andreas 
Published: May 2013

AbstractMismatch DNA repair (MMR) mRNA expression analysis was performed on a biopsy of oral mucosa melanin pigmentation lesion, a hamartomatous polyp and peripheral blood derived from a 12‐year‐old child with Peutz–Jeghers Syndrome (PJS). We present a deficient MMR system, in a PJS patient, which demonstrated low mRNA levels of hMSH6 and hPMS2 and an increasing MMR deficiency from the non‐dysplastic lesion to hamartomatous polyp of PJS with a high risk of cancer. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013;60:E116–E117. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Depressive‐like history alters persistent pain behavior in rats: Opposite contribution of frontal cortex and amygdala implied
Authors: Qi Wei‐Jing , Wang Wei , Wang Ning , Wang Jin‐Yan , Luo Fei 
Published: May 2013

AbstractNumerous studies have shown that pain perception is strongly influenced by depression. However, very few studies have examined whether pain perception is altered in the remission period of depression, and what role the fronto‐limbic circuits may play in the behavioral changes associated with remission. Using an unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) animal model of depression, the present study investigated pain‐related behaviors in rats with prior exposure to a UCMS stimulus. The γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor agonist muscimol was microinjected bilaterally into the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) to examine the modulation of pain by these brain regions in the recovery state. Rats with a depression‐like history displayed increased ongoing pain behavior in the formalin test, although their thermal pain thresholds were unchanged. Intra‐BLA muscimol during the recovery phase dramatically decreased formalin‐induced pain behavior and also significantly increased rats' sucrose preference. By contrast, in the mPFC, muscimol produced the opposite effect, suggesting different, perhaps opposing, roles of the BLA and mPFC in mediating the influence of prior UCMS exposure on pain perception. Taken together, these results demonstrated that a depressive experience may cause long‐term alterations in limbic circuit excitability and thus lead to long‐lasting changes in pain perception.
Maternal cfDNA screening for Down syndrome – a cost sensitivity analysis
Authors: Cuckle Howard , Benn Peter , Pergament Eugene 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the principal factors contributing to the cost of avoiding a birth with Down syndrome by using cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) to replace conventional screening.MethodsA range of unit costs were assigned to each item in the screening process. Detection rates were estimated by meta‐analysis and modeling. The marginal cost associated with the detection of additional cases using cfDNA was estimated from the difference in average costs divided by the difference in detection.ResultsThe main factor was the unit cost of cfDNA testing. For example, replacing a combined test costing $150 with 3% false‐positive rate and invasive testing at $1000, by cfDNA tests at $2000, $1500, $1000, and $500, the marginal cost is $8.0, $5.8, $3.6, and $1.4m, respectively. Costs were lower when replacing a quadruple test and higher for a 5% false‐positive rate, but the relative importance of cfDNA unit cost was unchanged. A contingent policy whereby 10% to 20% women were selected for cfDNA testing by conventional screening was considerably more cost‐efficient. Costs were sensitive to cfDNA uptake.ConclusionUniversal cfDNA screening for Down syndrome will only become affordable by public health purchasers if costs fall substantially. Until this happens, the contingent use of cfDNA is recommended. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Innovative hypoglycaemia care pathway for admission avoidance: a partnership approach with a local ambulance trust
Authors: James June , Fairfield Jane , De Groot Louise , Jackson Steve 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIn 2010, Leicester City Primary Care Trust commissioned an Intermediate Care Diabetes Service. One aspect of the service plan was to work with the local ambulance trust to gather data around patients using ambulance services for hypoglycaemia, and to provide an advisory service for individuals post ambulance call‐out.This audit identified 388 diabetic emergency ambulance call‐outs locally (for the period 1 September 2010 to 31 March 2011) including those for hypoglycaemia in the Leicester City area.The new service commissioned by Leicester City included diabetes specialist nurse assessment within two working days for all hypoglycaemic individuals accessing ambulance services. A care pathway was drawn up and agreed over a series of meetings between the Intermediate Care Diabetes Service and ambulance service leads. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons. Practical Diabetes 2013; 30(4): 151–153
Audit of clinical practice in the use of incretin mimetic agents for the management of patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Dhesi Balraj , Chauhan Hiren , Basu Ansu 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe objective of this audit was to compare treatment outcomes in patients on dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)‐4 inhibitors and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R) agonists within a hospital clinic setting, and to identify factors that might influence their response to treatment.We undertook a retrospective audit of 118 consecutive patients who received either a DPP‐4 inhibitor or a GLP‐1R agonist as add‐on to existing oral hypoglycaemic agent therapy. Primary clinical outcomes compared were change in HbA1c and weight. The clinical characteristics of patients who responded with both weight loss and improvement in HbA1c were compared to those who did not.The results showed that more patients (73.6%) were on a GLP‐1R agonist; 57% of patients on a GLP‐1R agonist lost weight and had improved HbA1c compared to 40% of patients on a DPP‐4 inhibitor. The mean reduction in HbA1c was 8.4mmol/mol with a mean weight loss of 2.6kg. There were good correlations between the initial HbA1c and decline in HbA1c in both treatment groups. In all, 68.3% of patients on additional insulin treatment improved HbA1c while 46.3% improved in terms of both weight and HbA1c. Patients not on insulin responded better to treatment (OR 1.96; p=0.047) with these agents.It was concluded that good metabolic control can be achieved if these agents are used judiciously. The DPP‐4 inhibitors improve HbA1c but are weight neutral, while the GLP‐1R agonists cause both weight loss and improvements in HbA1c. The addition of insulin under specialist supervision can be beneficial. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons. Practical Diabetes 2013; 30(4): 159–162
PATTERNS OF ICHTHYOFAUNAL DISTRIBUTION AND CONNECTIVITY IN NAVIGABLE AND FREE‐FLOWING REACHES OF A MAJOR RIVER SYSTEM: THE ALLEGHENY RIVER IN PENNSYLVANIA
Authors: Argent D. G. , Kimmel W. G. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTConnectivity throughout large riverine networks is often compromised by lock and dam (L/D) structures designed to facilitate year‐round navigation. The resultant interruption of flow inhibits free passage of aquatic biota potentially isolating mainstem and tributary communities. Our objectives were (i) to evaluate the impact of a series of navigational L/D structures on two targeted fish assemblages (TFAs): large‐bodied (>250 mm total length) pelagic and benthic (darter) communities and (ii) to examine patterns of tributary and mainstem connectivity. We systematically captured fishes utilizing gillnets, benthic trawls and backpack electrofishers from an impounded and a free‐flowing reach extending over 203 km of the Allegheny River in Pennsylvania. Species richness among the large‐bodied targeted fish assemblage was distributed somewhat evenly throughout each pool, peaking near dams and in an undredged pool. Depauperate darter assemblages of low species richness characterized most of the navigable reach with diversity and abundance concentrated in L/D tailrace areas. By contrast, darter communities inhabiting the free‐flowing reach were more diverse, abundant and evenly distributed, indicating the influence of uninterrupted connectivity. Community similarity at mainstem/tributary junctions increased with increasing tributary size with 50% of the mainstem species complement also inhabiting the largest tributary. This study underscores the importance of dams as barriers to ichthyofaunal connectivity, particularly to those benthic fishes which are relatively immobile and habitat specific, and the importance of mainstem/tributary junctions as avenues of riverine connectivity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Aquaporin‐4 orthogonal arrays of particles from a physiological and pathophysiological point of view
Authors: Nicchia Grazia Paola , Pisani Francesco , Sparaneo Angelo , Mola Maria Grazia , Basco Davide , Rossi Andrea , Svelto Maria , Frigeri Antonio 
Published: May 2013

Aquaporin‐4 (AQP4) is the neuromuscular water channel that is also expressed at the basolateral membranes of other cell types in kidney, stomach, and lung. In skeletal muscle, AQP4 is found at the sarcolemma of fast‐twitch fibers and its function is strictly correlated with the glycolytic metabolism. In the central nervous system, AQP4 is expressed at the basolateral membranes of ependymal cells, and is highly concentrated at the glial end‐foot processes surrounding blood vessels and forming the glia limitans, as well as at the nonend‐foot glial processes of the granule cell layer in the cerebellum. AQP4 plasma membrane organization is different from other aquaporins (AQPs). AQP4 is expressed as two major polypeptides called M1 and M23. These two isoforms form heterotetramers appearing in the plasma membrane as intramembrane particles (IMPs) observable by freeze‐fracture electron microscopy. Such tetrameric organization is common to all other AQPs. In the case of AQP4, however, multiple IMPs further aggregate to form structures called orthogonal arrays of particles (OAPs). The relative abundance of M23 and M1 in vivo is the major determinant for the formation of OAPs of different sizes. The function of AQP4 aggregation into OAPs under normal conditions is still not completely understood. Interestingly, there are several reports indicating that OAPs are involved in different neuromuscular diseases. In particular, the OAP‐related diseases that have attracted more attention are Duchenne muscular distrophy and, more recently, neuromyelitis optica, the two pathological conditions in which OAPs are involved in completely different ways. WIREs Membr Transp Signal 2013, 2:143–154. doi: 10.1002/wmts.86Conflict of interest: The authors have declared no conflicts of interest for this article.For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
Synthesis and Single Crystal X‐ray Structures of Cationic Zinc β‐Diketiminate Complexes
Authors: Scheiper Christoph , Schulz Stephan , Wölper Christoph , Bläser Dieter , Roll Joachim 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe cationic zinc complex [L1Zn][Al(OC(CF3)3)4] (1) (L1 = {[(2,4,6‐Me3–C6H2)NC(Me)]2CH}) bearing a weakly coordinating aluminate anion was obtained from reaction of L1ZnCl with Li[Al(OC(CF3)3)4]. In addition, base‐stabilized zinc cations [L1/2Zn(base)2][X] (2–5) (L2 = {[(2,6‐iPr2–C6H3)NC(Me)]2CH}; X = [Al(OC(CF3)3)4], [B(C6F5)4]) containing weakly coordinating anions and different Lewis bases (dimethylaminopyridine (dmap), tert‐butylpyridine (tBuPy)) were synthesized and structurally characterized. Moreover, the solid‐state structures of L1ZnMe (6) and the neutral base‐stabilized complexes tBuPy‐Zn(Cl)L1 (7) and base‐Zn(Me)L2 (base = dmap 8, tBuPy 9) are reported and compared with those of 2–5. Preliminary studies showed that 1 is catalytically activity in lactide polymerization at 160 °C.