bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrity of neural extracellular matrix is required for microglia‐mediated synaptic remodeling
Authors: Cangalaya Carla , Sun Weilun , Stoyanov Stoyan , Dunay Ildiko Rita , Dityatev Alexander 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMicroglia continuously remodel synapses, which are embedded in the extracellular matrix (ECM). However, the mechanisms, which govern this process remain elusive. To investigate the influence of the neural ECM in synaptic remodeling by microglia, we disrupted ECM integrity by injection of chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) into the retrosplenial cortex of healthy adult mice. Using in vivo two‐photon microscopy we found that ChABC treatment increased microglial branching complexity and ECM phagocytic capacity and decreased spine elimination rate under basal conditions. Moreover, ECM attenuation largely prevented synaptic remodeling following synaptic stress induced by photodamage of single synaptic elements. These changes were associated with less stable and smaller microglial contacts at the synaptic damage sites, diminished deposition of calreticulin and complement proteins C1q and C3 at synapses and impaired expression of microglial CR3 receptor. Thus, our findings provide novel insights into the function of the neural ECM in deposition of complement proteins and synaptic remodeling by microglia.
Explaining the decline of China's labor share: A wide replication of Oberfield and Raval (2021)
Authors: Yang Hong , Zhang Wen 
Published: July 2024

SummaryChina's labor share has declined since late 1990s. Using the methodology developed by Oberfield and Raval, this paper estimates China's aggregate capital‐labor elasticity of substitution, leveraging the estimated micro‐level elasticities. The findings indicate that China's aggregate capital‐labor elasticity falls within the range of 0.9 to 1. Utilizing this estimated aggregate elasticity for labor share decomposition, we find that the bias of technical change emerges as the predominant factor driving the decline in labor share.
Magnetically separable spent coffee grounds as a potential novel support for the covalent immobilization of β‐glucosidase for cellobiose hydrolysis
Authors: Bhardwaj Shaifali , Mishra Ankit , Ghosh Debashish , Sinha Anil Kumar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe industrial‐scale application of enzymes faces obstacles due to elevated costs and difficulties in stability and reuse. In this study, magnetic spent coffee grounds, an ecotoxic waste, have been utilized successfully for the first time to immobilize β‐glucosidase to overcome these challenges.RESULTSThe spent coffee grounds were magnetized and amine‐functionalized, followed by characterization using various techniques. Under optimized conditions, forming an imine bond between the functionalized support and β‐glucosidase resulted in a 62% immobilization yield (92.81 mg g−1 enzyme loading) and 12.5 U mg−1 activity after immobilization. A relatively small kinetic change was observed in the Km value (902 to 946 μmol L−1) after immobilization, suggesting minimal hindrance by AMSCG3 on substrate access or product release. Moreover, Glu@AMSCG3 showed exceptional stability (>90% residual activity) within a pH range of 3 to 6 after 2 h of incubation at 25 °C. A residual activity of 87.94% was maintained even at 80 °C and pH 5 after 2 h of incubation compared to the free β‐glucosidase, which showed only 6.5% residual activity at the same temperature. When cellobiose was hydrolyzed using Glu@AMSCG3 under optimum conditions, 91.33% cellobiose conversion was achieved initially, and over 79% conversion was maintained for 10 reusability cycles.CONCLUSIONThe improved stability of β‐glucosidase after covalent immobilization on amine‐modified magnetically separable spent coffee grounds indicates their potential as a support matrix for application in enzyme immobilization. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Applications of MRI in Schizophrenia: Current Progress in Establishing Clinical Utility
Authors: Sun Hui , Liu Naici , Qiu Changjian , Tao Bo , Yang Chengmin , Tang Biqiu , Li Hongwei , Zhan Kongcai , Cai Chunxian , Zhang Wenjing , Lui Su 
Published: July 2024

Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness that significantly impacts the lives of affected individuals and with increasing mortality rates. Early detection and intervention are crucial for improving outcomes but the lack of validated biomarkers poses great challenges in such efforts. The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in schizophrenia enables the investigation of the disorder's etiological and neuropathological substrates in vivo. After decades of research, promising findings of MRI have been shown to aid in screening high‐risk individuals and predicting illness onset, and predicting symptoms and treatment outcomes of schizophrenia. The integration of machine learning and deep learning techniques makes it possible to develop intelligent diagnostic and prognostic tools with extracted or selected imaging features. In this review, we aimed to provide an overview of current progress and prospects in establishing clinical utility of MRI in schizophrenia. We first provided an overview of MRI findings of brain abnormalities that might underpin the symptoms or treatment response process in schizophrenia patients. Then, we summarized the ongoing efforts in the computer‐aided utility of MRI in schizophrenia and discussed the gap between MRI research findings and real‐world applications. Finally, promising pathways to promote clinical translation were provided.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 3
Bidirectional transfer of human cytomegalovirus strains in donor and recipient seropositive lung transplant patients
Authors: Külekci Büsra , Mollik Madlen , Schwarz Stefan , Perkmann‐Nagele Nicole , Geleff Silvana , Jaksch Peter , Hoetzenecker Konrad , Lambers Christopher , Puchhammer‐Stöckl Elisabeth , Goerzer Irene 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDonor and recipient human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) seropositive (D+R+) lung transplant recipients (LTRs) often harbor multiple strains of HCMV, likely due to transmitted donor (D) strains and reactivated recipient (R) strains. To date, the extent and timely occurrence of each likely source in shaping the post‐transplantation (post‐Tx) strain population is unknown. Here, we deciphered the D and R origin of the post‐Tx HCMV strain composition in blood, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and CD45+ BAL cell subsets. We investigated either D and/or R formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded blocks or fresh D lung tissue from four D+R+ LTRs obtained before transplantation. HCMV strains were characterized by short amplicon deep sequencing. In two LTRs, we show that the transplanted lung is reseeded by R strains within the first 6 months after transplantation, likely by infiltrating CD14+ CD163+/− alveolar macrophages. In three LTRs, we demonstrate both rapid
D‐strain dissemination and persistence in the transplanted lung for >1 year post‐Tx. Broad inter‐host diversity contrasts with intra‐host genotype sequence stability upon transmission, during follow‐up and across compartments. In D+R+ LTRs, HCMV strains of both, D and R origin can emerge first and dominate long‐term in subsequent episodes of infection, indicating replication of both sources despite pre‐existing immunity.
State of the Science: Evidence‐based treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder delivered via telehealth
Authors: Bruce Madeline J. , Pagán Antonio F. , Acierno Ron 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPsychotherapy delivered via telehealth technology is not an artifact of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Indeed, widespread, telehealth‐delivered, evidence‐based psychotherapy preceded the pandemic, as did randomized controlled noninferiority trials supporting this modality. It is, thus, not difficult to predict that telehealth will be an integral part of daily clinical life moving forward. With respect to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) specifically, there is a substantial number of studies on the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of evidence‐based treatments provided via videoconferencing. In this review, we delineate the literature establishing strong support for remote delivery of prolonged exposure (PE) and cognitive processing therapy (CPT); there is also promising support for written exposure therapy (WET) and trauma‐focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF‐CBT). We also mention adjunctive and integrative modifications to better serve patients with PTSD. One such intervention, behavioral activation and therapeutic exposure (BATE), has several studies supporting telehealth delivery, whereas concurrent treatment of PTSD and substance use disorders using the PE protocol (COPE) and cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT‐I) would benefit from further research. Integrating instrumental peer support into telehealth‐delivered PE shows promise in retaining patients in treatment. Finally, we provide ideas to maximize telehealth delivery effectiveness, explore future research directions, and discuss ways to advocate for the expansion of telehealth services from an equity perspective.
Vocal Cord Function Return After Larynx Preservation is Associated With Recurrence‐Free Probability
Authors: Adilbay Dauren , Asarkar Ameya A. , Kandula Rema Anisha , Moore‐Medline Tara , Nathan Cherie‐Ann 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesVocal cord fixation is one of the main upstaging features of laryngeal cancer. In our previously conducted retrospective study, vocal cord (VC) mobility restoration after chemoradiotherapy was a favorable prognostic variable. In this prospective study, we examined the significance of VC mobility restoration after definitive treatment as a prognostic variable.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, we enrolled 30 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx with VC impairment/fixation (T2/3, T4a) who underwent definitive chemoradiotherapy with complete response. Video laryngoscopy before and at 3 months after treatment was used to evaluate VC mobility. The primary endpoint of the study was the local recurrence‐free probability. Secondary endpoints included recurrence‐free probability, disease‐specific survival (DSS), and overall survival (OS).ResultsThe median age of patients was 62 years (IQR 54–67). The primary subsites were the glottis (n = 13) and supraglottis (n = 14). After treatment, 18 (60%) patients had a full recovery of VC mobility, and 12 (40%) patients' VCs were fixed or impaired. Five‐year local recurrence‐free probability was worse in the VC‐impaired group compared to a group with restored VC mobility (46% vs. 85%, p = 0.012). Recurrence‐free probability, OS, and DSS differences were not statistically significant in both groups. VC mobility restoration predicted local recurrence‐free probability on univariable analysis (HR 6.15, 95% CI 1.23–30.6).ConclusionIn this prospective study, we show that the absence of VC mobility restoration is associated with worse local recurrence‐free probability after definitive laryngeal preservation treatment. Patients with persistent vocal cord immobility warrant closer follow‐up to detect recurrence early.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 135:671–676, 2025
Regularity for a class of integral functionals
Authors: Shuoyang Li , Meng Gao , Hongya Gao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper deals with regularity properties for variational integrals with the splitting structure of the form
where , is the adjugate matrix of order , and , , , are Carathéodory functions satisfying suitable structural conditions. Local integrability, local boundedness, and local Hölder continuity for local minimizers are derived.
Single‐peak solution for a fractional slightly subcritical problem with non‐power nonlinearity
Authors: Deng Shengbing , Yu Fang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe consider the following fractional problem involving slightly subcritical non‐power nonlinearity,
where is a smooth bounded domain in , , , is the fractional critical Sobolev exponent and is a small parameter, is the spectral fractional Laplacian operator. We construct a positive bubbling solution, which concentrates at a nondegenerate critical point of the Robin function by Lyapunov–Schmidt reduction procedure.
Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists in ischemic stroke patients without endovascular therapy: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Xu Dongjun , Yang Cheng , Cao Wei , Zhang Xinyu , Yang Shucong , Shen Xuning , Xu Jun , Yu Huijie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPlatelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa antagonists have been employed in selective patients after endovascular therapy (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS), yet application in patients without EVT is debated. This meta‐analysis of randomized controlled studies on AIS patients without EVT assessed the effectiveness and safety of platelet GP IIb/IIIa antagonists compared with traditional antiplatelet or thrombolysis therapy. Articles were retrieved from databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane. The risk of bias and certainty level of evidence were assessed. Fifteen studies were included. GP IIb/IIIa antagonists increased the proportion of patients with modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0–1 (odd ratio [OR] 1.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–1.81, p = 0.03), mRS 0–2 (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.12–1.46, p = 0.0004), and Barthel Index (BI) 95–100 (OR 1.25, p = 0.005); decreased the proportion of stroke progression within 5 days (OR 0.66, p = 0.006); and lowered the mean mRS score at 90 days (mean difference [MD] −0.43, p = 0.002) and the National Institute of Health stroke scale score at 7 days (MD −1.64, p < 0.00001) compared with conventional treatment. Proportions of stroke recurrence within 90 days (OR 1.20, p = 0.60), any intracranial hemorrhage (aICH) (OR 1.20, p = 0.12), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) (OR 0.91, p = 0.88), and death (OR 0.87, p = 0.25) had no statistical difference between both groups. This meta‐analysis finds that compared with traditional antiplatelet or thrombolysis therapy, GP IIb/IIIa antagonists administered within 24–96 h of ischemic stroke onset significantly improve functional prognosis of patients with AIS not receiving EVT, as indicated by mRS and BI at 90 days, and do not increase the incidence of aICH, sICH, and death.
Anti‐windup compensation for model reference adaptive control schemes
Authors: Sofrony Jorge , Turner Matthew C. , Richards Christopher M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractActuator constraints, particularly saturation limits, are an intrinsic and long‐standing problem in the implementation of most control systems. Model reference adaptive control (MRAC) is no exception and it may suffer considerably when actuator saturation is encountered. With this in mind, this paper proposes an anti‐windup strategy for model reference adaptive control schemes subject to actuator saturation. A prominent feature of the proposed compensator is that it has the same architecture as well‐known nonadaptive schemes, namely model recovery anti‐windup, which rely on the assumption that the system model is known accurately. Since, in the adaptive case, the model is largely unknown, the proposed approach uses an “estimate” of the system matrices for the anti‐windup formulation and modifies the adaptation laws that update the controller gains; if the (unknown) ideal control gains are reached, the model recovery anti‐windup formulation is recovered. The main results provide conditions under which, if the ideal control signal eventually lies within the control constraints, then the system states will converge to those of the reference model, that is, the tracking error will converge to zero asymptotically. The article deals with open‐loop stable linear systems and highlights the main challenges involved in the design of anti‐windup compensators for model‐reference adaptive control systems, demonstrating its success via a flight control application.
Photoelectrochemical Solution Gated Graphene Field‐Effect Transistor Functionalized by Enzymatic Cascade Reaction for Organophosphate Detection
Authors: Wang Hai‐Rui , Hou En‐Hui , Xu Na , Zhang Yu‐Feng , Wu Jian‐Feng , Yuan Wei‐Jian , Kong Zhi‐Guo , Nie Ping , Chang Li‐Min , Zhang Xue‐Lin , Xie Jian‐Wei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSolution Gated Graphene Field‐Effect Transistors (SGGT) are eagerly anticipated as an amplification platform for fabricating advanced ultra‐sensitive sensors, allowing significant modulation of the drain current with minimal gate voltage. However, few studies have focused on light‐matter interplay gating control for SGGT. Herein, this challenge is addressed by creating an innovative photoelectrochemical solution‐gated graphene field‐effect transistor (PEC‐SGGT) functionalized with enzyme cascade reactions (ECR) for Organophosphorus (OPs) detection. The ECR system, consisting of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and CuBTC nanomimetic enzymes, selectively recognizes OPs and forms o‐phenylenediamine (oPD) oligomers sediment on the PEC electrode, with layer thickness related to the OPs concentration, demonstrating time‐integrated amplification. Under light stimulation, the additional photovoltage generated on the PEC gate electrode is influenced by the oPD oligomers sediment layer, creating a differentiated voltage distribution along the gate path. PEC‐SGGT, inherently equipped with built‐in amplification circuits, sensitively captures gate voltage changes and delivers output with an impressive thousandfold current gain. The seamless integration of these three amplification modes in this advanced sensor allows a good linear range and highly sensitive detection of OPs, with a detection limit as low as 0.05 pm. This work provides a proof‐of‐concept for the feasibility of light‐assisted functionalized gate‐controlled PEC‐SGGT for small molecule detection.
Dual Hole Transport Layers Heterojunction and Band Alignment Engineered Mo:BiVO4 Photoanodes for Efficient Water Splitting
Authors: Wang Guilin , Tang Tongxin , Ye Kai‐Hang , Ding Xin , Chen Junwei , Zou WenHao , Xiao Yushen , Li JieYu , Zhao Long , Chen Chaojie , Ge Sitong , Li Lei , Wei Xiujuan , Chen Chao , Cao Yang , Lin Zhan , Zhang Shanqing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBiVO4‐based photoanode is one of the most promising photoanodes for photoelectrocatalytic water splitting. However, the serious problem of interface charge recombination limits its further development. Here, a Mo:BiVO4/NiOx/CPF‐TCzB/NiCoBi photoanode is constructed with double hole transport layer and an energy level gradient to achieve an effective photo‐generated holes extraction and accumulation at the surface electrocatalyst. The conjugated polycarbazole framework CPF‐TCzB is used as hole transport layer to eliminate the charge recombination center between Mo:BiVO4 and NiCoBi electrocatalyst and realize the extraction and storage of photo‐generated hole; NiOx nanoparticles are further inserted between Mo:BiVO4 and CPF‐TCzB to form a gradient energy level, eliminating the energy level barrier and optimizing band alignment. As a result, Mo:BiVO4/NiOx/CPF‐TCzB/NiCoBi achieves a much higher photocurrent densities of 3.14 mA cm−2 than that of Mo:BiVO4 (0.42 mA cm−2) at 0.6 V versus RHE. This work provides an specific way to adjust the band structure of BiVO4‐based photoanodes and realize efficient hole extraction and storage for PEC water splitting.
Trifluoromethylation Enables Compact 2D Linear Stacking and Improves the Efficiency and Stability of Q‐PHJ Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Qiu Dongsheng , Xiong Shilong , Lai Hanjian , Wang Yunpeng , Li Heng , Lai Xue , Zhu Yiwu , He Feng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCompared to the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) devices, the quasiplanar heterojunction (Q‐PHJ) exhibits a more stable morphology and superior charge transfer performance. To achieve both high efficiency and long‐term stability, it is necessary to design new materials for Q‐PHJ devices. In this study, QxIC‐CF3 and QxIC‐CH3 are designed and synthesized for the first time. The trifluoromethylation of the central core exerts a modulatory effect on the molecular stacking pattern, leveraging the strong electrostatic potential and intermolecular interactions. Compared with QxIC‐CH3, the single crystal structure reveals that QxIC‐CF3 exhibits a more compact 2D linear stacking behavior. These benefits, combined with the separated electron and hole transport channels in Q‐PHJ device, lead to increased charge mobility and reduced energy loss. The devices based on D18/QxIC‐CF3 exhibit an efficiency of 18.1%, which is the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) for Q‐PHJ to date. Additionally, the thermodynamic stability of the active layer morphology enhances the lifespan of the aforementioned devices under illumination conditions. Specifically, the T80 is 420 h, which is nearly twice that of the renowned Y6‐based BHJ device (T80 = 220 h). By combining the advantages of the trifluoromethylation and Q‐PHJ device, efficient and stable organic solar cell devices can be constructed.
Cooperative Path Planning for Persistent Surveillance in Large‐Scale Environment with UAV‐UGV System
Authors: Wang Jiahui , Yang Kai , Wu Baolei , Wang Jun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the path planning problem of the Unmanned Air‐Ground Vehicle (UAV‐UGV) system for large‐scale environmental persistent surveillance. The goal is to acquire a set of periodically visited surveillance nodes while minimizing the traveling distance. Some expected key problems are the limitations of UAV speed, UGV speed, UAV endurance, and UAV field of view. To address this issue, the path planning of UAV‐UGV surveillance system is modeled as a TSP optimization problem based on multiple constraints, aiming to minimize the total path length of the system to perform the task. UAV is responsible for visiting the surveillance node and UGV serves as a mobile charging station. And a two‐layer chaotic aptenodytes forsteri optimization algorithm (Two‐CAFO) is proposed to solve this problem. Our solution has been tested in several simulated and real‐world environments. The results demonstrate that the proposed Two‐CAFO has superior performance compared to other state‐of‐the‐art algorithms in solving the path planning problem for large‐scale environmental persistent surveillance tasks of UAV and UGV. © 2024 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Effects of nano‐TiO2 in configuration design and sound absorption of polyvinyl alcohol coated composite fabric structure
Authors: Zhu Shubing , Tang Xiaoning 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWith the rapid development of industrialization and population surge in modern society, noise pollution has been considered as a serious threat to human beings. In order to effectively reduce noise, the application of sound absorbing textile materials has gradually increased, also the rapid development of acoustic coating consists of conventional fiber layers and polymers. In this work, the surface morphology, micro‐structure and sound absorption properties of polyvinyl alcohol coated fabric and its composites were studied. It was found that the addition of nano‐TiO2 particles can obviously improve the sound absorption properties, and the absorption coefficient is related to fabric thickness. Furthermore, the surface of the coated fabric was compounded with melt‐blown nonwoven fabric, thus to fabricate composite sound absorber. This work indicates the good feasibility and promising application prospect of lightweight polyvinyl alcohol coated fabrics in noise reduction engineering.Highlights
Combination of fiber layers and polymers for acoustic coating materials.
Adding inorganic nano‐TiO2 particles with different contents.
Different modification methods to improve the dispersion of coating.
Composite structure with reduced thickness and increased sound absorption.