bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Implant Angulation on the Fracture Resistance of Zirconia Abutments
Authors: Thulasidas Shreedevi , Givan Daniel A. , Lemons Jack E. , O'Neal Sandra Jean , Ramp Lance C. , Liu Perng‐Ru 
Published: June 2014

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the effects of abutment design to correct for implant angulation and aging on the fracture resistance of zirconia abutments. Greater understanding of the fracture strength of the zirconia abutments under various clinical conditions may lead to improvement of clinical protocols and possibly limit potential failures of implant prosthetics.Materials and MethodsTest specimens consisted of an implant‐zirconia abutment‐zirconia crown assembly with implant apex positioned at 0°, 20° to the facial (20F), and 20° to the lingual (20L) with respect to a constant crown contour. To keep the abutment design as the only variable, CAD/CAM technology was used to generate monolithic zirconia crowns identical both in external and internal dimensions and marginal contours to precisely fit all the abutments in an identical fashion. The monolithic zirconia abutments were designed to fit the constant crown contours and the internal connection of the implant at the three angulations. The customized abutments for the three implant angulations varied in emergence profile, screw hole location, and material thickness around the screw hole. Half the specimens from each group were subjected to steam autoclaving and thermocycling to simulate aging of the restorations in vivo. To mimic the off‐axis loading of the central incisor, the specimens were loaded at the recommended cephalometric interincisal relationship of 135° between the long axis of the crown supported by the implant and the Instron force applicator simulating the mandibular incisor. The force applicator was positioned 2 mm from the incisal edge and loaded at a 1 mm/min crosshead speed. Data were evaluated by 2‐way ANOVA (α = 0.05) and Tukey's HSD.ResultsThe 20F group had the highest fracture values followed by the 0° group, and the 20L group had the lowest fracture values. Aging did not yield any significant difference in fracture force magnitudes.ConclusionWithin the limitations of this study, tilting the implant apex to the lingual significantly reduced the fracture strength of angle‐corrected zirconia abutments. Accordingly, while the angle between the occlusal force application and the long axis of the implant decreases, the resistance (force) to fracture decreases.
Marked Testosterone Deficiency-Related Symptoms May be Associated to Higher Metabolic Risk in Men with Low Testosterone Levels
Authors: García-Cruz Eduard , Leibar-Tamayo Asier , Romero-Otero Javier , Asiaín Ignacio , Carrión Albert , Castañeda Roberto , Mateu Laura , Luque Pilar , Cardeñosa Oscar , Alcaraz Antonio 
Published: June 2014

Abstract

Introduction
Testosterone deficiency syndrome (TDS) is usually suspected on the basis of signs/symptoms. However, some men with low testosterone levels (low T) are asymptomatic or present mild, unnoticed symptoms. Would they have the same cardiovascular risk as symptomatic men?

Aims
This study aims to assess the relationship between presence/severity of low T-related symptoms and the likelihood of metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Methods
Data were taken from a multicenter, cross-sectional study conducted in Spain among men visiting men's healthcare offices aged ≥45 with low T (total T &lt;8 nmol/L or &lt;12 nmol/L and calculated free T &lt;250 nmol/L). Only subjects whose MetS components and symptoms had been assessed were selected. Data available included anthropometrics, toxic habits, comorbidities, and total testosterone (TT) levels.

Main Outcome Measures
MetS was defined using the harmonized definition. Erectile dysfunction was classified using the International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire. The Ageing Male Symptoms (AMS) scale assessed symptoms. Symptom severity was classified as “none/mild” and “moderate/severe.” Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to calculate the effect of moderate/severe symptoms on the odds ratio (OR) for MetS.

Results
Mean age (SD) was 61.2 (8.1) years. Erectile dysfunction (ED), AMS, and MetS prevalence were 97.4%, 94.9%, and 69.6%. Prevalence of MetS was higher in men with moderate/severe symptoms vs. men with no/mild ones (75.3% vs. 57.9%, P &lt; 0.001). Age and prevalence of TT &lt;8 nmol/L, moderate/severe ED, and obesity were significantly higher in men with moderate/severe symptoms. Multivariate analysis showed that besides obesity and moderate/severe ED, moderate/severe symptoms increased the likelihood of MetS. This effect disappeared in men with severe ED and in the nonobese. Three symptoms showed relationship with MetS after adjusting for all confounding factors.

Conclusion
Severity of TDS symptoms may indicate higher cardiovascular risk in men with low T.
Association of sleep‐disordered breathing with decreased cognitive function among patients with dementia
Authors: Aoki Kiyoaki , Matsuo Masahiro , Takahashi Masahiro , Murakami Junichi , Aoki Yasusuke , Aoki Naosuke , Mizumoto Hirotaka , Namikawa Ayako , Hara Hiroko , Miyagawa Masaharu , Kadotani Hiroshi , Yamada Naoto 
Published: June 2014

SummarySleep is known to be essential for proper cognitive functioning. Sleep disturbance, especially respiratory disturbance during sleep, is a risk factor for the development of dementia. However, it is not known whether hypopnoea during sleep is related to severity of cognitive function in patients already diagnosed with dementia. Considering the high prevalence of sleep problems in aged people, it is important to determine if hypopnoea during sleep contributes to dementia. In addition, it would be desirable to develop a feasible method for objectively evaluating sleep in patients with dementia. For this purpose, a simple sleep recorder that employs single or dual bioparameter recording, which is defined as a type‐4 portable monitor, is suitable. In this study, a type‐4 sleep recorder was used to evaluate respiratory function during sleep in 111 patients with dementia, and data suggesting a possible relationship with cognitive function levels were examined. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the association of severity of dementia with sleep‐disordered breathing, age, diabetes, dyslipidaemia and hypertension. It was found that the respiratory disturbance index was associated with severity of cognitive dysfunction in our subjects. Furthermore, patients younger than 80 years were more susceptible to lower cognitive function associated with sleep‐disordered breathing than patients 80 years old or over, because an increase in the respiratory disturbance index was associated with deteriorated cognitive function only in the former age group. These results suggest that proper treatment of sleep apnea is important for the preservation of cognitive function, especially in patients with early‐stage dementia.
No Major Impact of Skin Aging on the Response of Skin Blood Flow to a Submaximal Local Thermal Stimulus
Authors: Vionnet Julien , Calero‐Romero Irene , Heim Abigaël , Rotaru Corina , Engelberger Rolf Peter , Dischl Benoît , Noël Bernard , Liaudet Lucas , Waeber Bernard , Feihl François 
Published: June 2014

AbstractObjectiveThis study was undertaken to investigate how aging affects dermal microvascular reactivity in skin areas differentially exposed to sunlight, and therefore to different degrees of photoaging.MethodsWe assessed, in young (18–30 years, n = 13) and aged males (≥60 years, n = 13), the thigh, forearm, and forehead's skin vasodilatory response to local heating (LTH) with a LDI. In each subject and at each location, local Tskin was brought from 34°C (baseline) to 39 or 41°C for 30 minutes, to effect submaximal vasodilation, with maximal vasodilation then elicited by further heating to 44°C.ResultsThe CVCs evaluated at baseline and after maximal vasodilation (CVCmax) were higher in the forehead than in the two other anatomical locations. On all locations, CVCmax decreased with age but less markedly in the forehead compared to the two other locations. When expressed in % of CVCmax, the plateau increase of CVCs in response to submaximal temperatures (39 and 41°C) did not vary with age, and minimally so with location.ConclusionSkin aging, whether intrinsic or combined with photoaging, reduces the maximal vasodilatory capacity of the dermal microcirculation, but not its reactivity to local heating.
Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen in urine: Diagnostic usefulness and impact on outcome of bacteraemic pneumococcal pneumonia in a large series of adult patients
Authors: Zalacain Rafael , Capelastegui Alberto , Ruiz Luis Alberto , Bilbao Amaia , Gomez Ainhoa , Uranga Ane , España Pedro P. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackground and objectiveUrinary pneumococcal antigen detection provides good results in the diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia but has rarely been used in bacteraemic pneumococcal pneumonia and it is not known whether it is associated with outcome in this type of pneumonia. Our objectives were to assess the usefulness of an immunochromatographic technique for detecting the pneumococcal antigen in urine in a large prospective study of patients with bacteraemic pneumococcal pneumonia and explore any potential association with outcomes.MethodsThis study, carried out over 8 years, included all adult immunocompetent patients admitted for bacteraemic pneumococcal pneumonia. An immunochromatographic test for the Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen in urine was performed in the first 24 h. The sensitivity of test was assessed and patients were divided into two groups according to test results to explore differences on admission and during the course of the illness using logistic regression models.ResultsOf the 350 patients with bacteraemic pneumococcal pneumonia included, 261 (74.6%) were positive for the antigen. Patient characteristics were very similar on admission and differences in severity (Pneumonia Severity Index) were not statistically significant. In the adjusted analysis, antigen‐positive patients had a higher risk of intensive care unit admission, treatment failure and adverse outcome.ConclusionsThe sensitivity of the immunochromatographic urinary antigen test was 74.6% and positive results were associated with poorer clinical outcome. We therefore recommend systematic use of this test when pneumonia is diagnosed in the emergency department.
Outcomes of Arteriovenous Grafts Following Simultaneous Thrombectomy and Stent Graft Placement Across the Venous Anastomosis
Authors: Nassar George M. , Suki Dima , Rhee Edward , Khan Abdul Jabbar , Nguyen Binh , Achkar Katafan 
Published: June 2014

AbstractArteriovenous grafts (AVGs) suffer from high thrombosis rates. It is not known whether placement of stent grafts at the venous anastomosis (VA) of thrombosed AVGs would impact future thrombosis. This is a retrospective study evaluating a group of AVGs that underwent endovascular thrombectomy with placement of a stent graft at their VA. The study period was a minimum of 1 year or until kidney transplantation or death. Primary and secondary AVG patency rates were obtained using Kaplan–Meier survival estimates. Demographic parameters were analyzed using Cox multivariate analysis. The effect of early vs. late first thrombosis was also studied. Sixty‐six patients were included in the study. Of these, 53 (80%) experienced ≥1 thrombotic event during the study period. Thrombosis led to AVG loss in 26 (39%). The primary patency was 47%, 35%, and 21% at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. The assisted primary patency was 50%, 38%, and 25% at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. The secondary patency rate was 85%, 76%, and 72% at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. Thus, poor primary patency rates were observed despite stent graft placement at the VA. In addition, early thrombosis following stent graft placement was associated with worse AVG outcomes.
The changing face of the HIV epidemic in sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Mutevedzi Portia C. , Newell Marie‐Louise 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe widespread roll‐out of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has substantially changed the face of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Timely initiation of ART in HIV‐infected individuals dramatically reduces mortality and improves employment rates to levels prior to HIV infection. Recent findings from several studies have shown that ART reduces HIV transmission risk even with modest ART coverage of the HIV‐infected population and imperfect ART adherence. While condoms are highly effective in the prevention of HIV acquisition, they are compromised by low and inconsistent usage; male medical circumcision substantially reduces HIV transmission but uptake remains relatively low; ART during pregnancy, delivery and breastfeeding can virtually eliminate mother‐to‐child transmission but implementation is challenging, especially in resource‐limited settings. The current HIV prevention recommendations focus on a combination of preventions approach, including ART as treatment or pre‐ or post‐exposure prophylaxis together with condoms, circumcision and sexual behaviour modification. Improved survival in HIV‐infected individuals and reduced HIV transmission risk is beginning to result in limited HIV incidence decline at population level and substantial increases in HIV prevalence. However, achievements in HIV treatment and prevention are threatened by the challenges of lifelong adherence to preventive and therapeutic methods and by the ageing of the HIV‐infected cohorts potentially complicating HIV management. Although current thinking suggests prevention of HIV transmission through early detection of infection immediately followed by ART could eventually result in elimination of the HIV epidemic, controversies remain as to whether we can treat our way out of the HIV epidemic.
Reproducibility of nuclear morphometry parameters from cytologic smears of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors—intra‐ and interobserver variability
Authors: Barbosa Daniella de F.L. , Paraventi Mariana D. , Strefezzi Ricardo de F. 
Published: June 2014

BackgroundQualitative and/or semiquantitative histopathologic grading has been the method of choice to predict the biologic behavior of mast cell tumors (MCT). Recently, computer‐assisted nuclear morphometric analysis of histologic or cytologic specimens has been shown to correlate with histopathologic grading ofMCT. However, it is still not clear what the reproducibility and variability of these computer‐assisted measurements are.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to estimate the intra‐ and interobserver variability in computer‐assisted morphometric analysis of nuclear parameters in fine‐needle cytologic smears of canine cutaneousMCT.Materials and MethodsMeasurements were performed by 2 observers with basic training on the recognition of neoplastic cells and operating the image analysis software. The analyses were performed twice at 6 months apart.ResultsNo significant effects were detected for observer, time, and the interaction observer–time.ConclusionsNuclear morphometric analysis of mast cell tumors using cytologic smears is a reproducible method for grading ofMCT.
Complete Genome Sequence of Chikungunya Virus Isolated in the Philippines
Authors: Kawashima Kent D. , Suarez Lady-Anne C. , Labayo Hannah Karen M. , Liles Veni R. , Salvoza Noel C. , Klinzing David C. , Daroy Maria Luisa G. , Matias Ronald R. , Natividad Filipinas F. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

Chikungunya virus is an alphavirus of the
Togaviridae
family, which causes a febrile illness with arthralgia in humans. We report here on the complete genome sequence of chikungunya virus strain CHIKV-13-112A isolated from a patient in the Philippines who was suspected to have dengue virus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the strain is of the Asian genotype.
Draft Genome Sequence of
trh
+
Vibrio parahaemolyticus VP-49, Isolated from Seafood Harvested along the Mangalore Coast, India
Authors: Kumar Ballamoole Krishna , Deekshit Vijaya Kumar , Rai Praveen , Gurtler Volker , Karunasagar Iddya , Karunasagar Indrani 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

Vibrio parahaemolyticus
is a seafood-borne pathogen autochthonous to the marine and estuarine ecosystem, which is responsible for gastroenteritis due to the consumption of contaminated raw seafood. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
V. parahaemolyticus
VP-49, isolated from seafood, to identify the different virulence attributes and to study the mechanisms that enhance its environmental fitness.
Draft Genome Sequence of Moraxella bovoculi Strain 237
T
(ATCC BAA-1259
T
) Isolated from a Calf with Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Calcutt Michael J. , Foecking Mark F. , Martin Neal T. , Mhlanga-Mutangadura Tendai , Reilly Thomas J. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

Moraxella bovoculi
is a recently identified species, recovered from the bovine eye, which is under investigation as an etiological agent of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis. A draft genome sequence of the
Moraxella bovoculi
type strain 237
T
has been determined to identify features that may be important during host colonization.
Genome Sequence of the Neurotoxigenic Clostridium butyricum Strain 5521
Authors: Hassan Karl A. , Elbourne Liam D. H. , Tetu Sasha G. , Johnson Eric A. , Paulsen Ian T. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

Clostridium
strains from six phylogenetic groups,
C. botulinum
groups I to IV,
C. baratii
, and
C. butyricum
, display the capacity to produce botulinum neurotoxin. Here, we present the genome sequence of a
C. butyricum
isolate, the neurotoxigenic strain 5521, which encodes the type E botulinum neurotoxin.
A specific exercise strategy reduced the need for surgery in subacromial pain patients
Authors: Hallgren Hanna C Björnsson , Holmgren Theresa , Öberg Birgitta , Johansson Kajsa , Adolfsson Lars E 
Published: June 2014

Background and purposeA programme based on eccentric exercises for treating subacromial pain was in a previous study found effective at 3-month follow-up. The purposes of the present study were to investigate whether the results were maintained after 1 year and whether the baseline Constant-Murley score, rotator cuff status and radiological findings influenced the outcome.Patients and methods97 patients on the waiting list for arthroscopic subacromial decompression had been randomised to a specific exercise programme or unspecific exercises (controls). After 3 months of exercises, the patients were asked whether they still wanted surgery and this option was available until a 1-year follow-up. 1 year after inclusion or 1 year after surgery, the number of patients who decided to have surgery in each group was compared. The choice of surgery was related to the baseline Constant-Murley score, ultrasound and radiographs taken at inclusion.ResultsAll patients had improved significantly (p<0.0001) in the Constant-Murley score at the 1-year follow-up. Significantly more patients in the control group decided to have surgery (63%) than those in the specific exercise group (24%; p<0.0001). Patients who decided to have surgery had a significantly lower baseline Constant-Murley score and more often a full-thickness tear. Patients with partial tears did not differ from those with intact tendons.InterpretationThe positive short-term results of specific exercises were maintained after 1 year, and this exercise strategy reduces the need for surgery. Full-thickness tear and a low baseline Constant-Murley score appear to be a predictive marker for a less good outcome.Trial registration numberClinical trialsNCT01037673.
Parents’ perspectives on safety in neonatal intensive care: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Lyndon Audrey , Jacobson Carrie H , Fagan Kelly M , Wisner Kirsten , Franck Linda S 
Published: June 2014

Background & objectivesLittle is known about how parents think about neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) safety. Due to their physiologic immaturity and small size, infants in NICUs are especially vulnerable to injury from their medical care. Campaigns are underway to integrate patients and family members into patient safety. This study aimed to describe how parents of infants in the NICU conceptualise patient safety and what kinds of concerns they have about safety.MethodsThis mixed-methods study employed questionnaires, interviews and observation with parents of infant patients in an academic medical centre NICU. Measures included parent stress, family-centredness and types of safety concerns.Results46 parents completed questionnaires and 14 of these parents also participated in 10 interviews (including 4 couple interviews). Infants had a range of medical and surgical problems, including prematurity, congenital diaphragmatic hernia and congenital cardiac disease. Parents were positive about their infants’ care and had low levels of concern about the safety of procedures. Parents reporting more stress had more concerns. We identified three overlapping domains in parents' conceptualisations of safety in the NICU, including physical, developmental and emotional safety. Parents demonstrated sophisticated understanding of how environmental, treatment and personnel factors could potentially influence their infants’ developmental and emotional health.ConclusionsParents have safety concerns that cannot be addressed solely by reducing errors in the NICU. Parent engagement strategies that respect parents as partners in safety and address how clinical treatment articulates with physical, developmental and emotional safety domains may result in safety improvements.
Picture-to-puncture time in acute stroke endovascular intervention: are we getting faster?
Authors: van Heerden J , Yan B , Churilov L , Dowling R J , Mitchell P J 
Published: June 2014

BackgroundIn acute stroke management, time efficiency in the continuum of patient management is critical. We aimed to determine if implementation of system improvements at our institution translated to reduced picture-to-puncture (P2P) times over a 6-year period.MethodsWe conducted a single-center retrospective analysis using a prospective acute stroke database of patients treated with intra-arterial therapy from October 2007 to October 2013. Patient demographics, stroke severity, neuroimaging and treatment time points were collected. Annual P2P times, defined as the interval between pretreatment neuroimaging (picture) and commencement of intra-arterial therapy (puncture), were assessed and compared.ResultsFrom 2007 to 2013 a total of 189 patients were identified, of which 181 met the study criteria. At initial presentation, median baseline NIH Stroke Severity score was 17.00 (IQR 11.00–22.00). Annual median P2P times decreased from 171 to 123.5 min, showing a median decrease of 11.5 min per annum (95% CI −23.9 to 0.9) and trending towards statistical significance (p=0.069). Plotted data revealed longer P2P times in instances where stroke onset or CT acquisition times were out-of-hours. Using median regression modeling, the annual decrease in P2P median time reached statistical significance when independently adjusting for CT acquisition time (13.5 min P2P median time reduction, 95% CI −27.0 to −0.1, p=0.048) and for stroke onset time (14.5 min annual P2P median time reduction, 95% CI −26.1 to −2.8, p=0.015).ConclusionsAs a consequence of systems improvement at our institution, we were able to demonstrate improved annual median P2P times from 2007 to 2013.