bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical risk factors of postoperative hyperkalemia after adrenalectomy in patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma
Authors: Park Kyeong Seon , Kim Jung Hee , Ku Eu Jeong , Hong A Ram , Moon Min Kyong , Choi Sung Hee , Shin Chan Soo , Kim Sang Wan , Kim Seong Yeon 
Published: March 2015

ObjectiveUnilateral adrenalectomy is the first-line treatment for aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA). Hyperkalemia after adrenalectomy because of contralateral zona glomerulosa insufficiency has been reported. We investigated clinical risk factors to predict postoperative hyperkalemia in patients with APA undergoing adrenalectomy.Design and methodsThis study was conducted by retrospectively reviewing medical records from 2000 to 2012 at Seoul National University Hospital and two other tertiary centers. Data from 124 patients who underwent adrenalectomy were included. Hyperkalemia was defined as serum potassium >5.5 mmol/l. Clinical preoperative risk factors included age, blood pressure, plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC), serum potassium, serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), the mass size on pathology, and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist use.ResultsOut of 124 patients, 13 (10.5%) developed postoperative hyperkalemia. The incidences of transient and persistent hyperkalemia were 3.2 and 7.3% respectively. Preoperative PRA and PAC were not significantly different in postoperative hyperkalemic patients compared with normokalemic patients. Patients with persistent hyperkalemia were older, had a longer duration of hypertension, larger mass size on pathology, and lower GFR (all P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative hyperkalemia was not different between MR antagonist users and non-users.ConclusionOlder age (≥53 years), longer duration of hypertension (≥9.5 years), larger mass size on pathology (≥1.95 cm), and impaired preoperative renal function (GFR <58.2 ml/min) were associated with prolonged postoperative hyperkalemia in patients with APA. MR antagonist use did not prevent postoperative hyperkalemia.
Molecular aspects of bovine cystic ovarian disease pathogenesis
Authors: Ortega Hugo H , Marelli Belkis E , Rey Florencia , Amweg Ayelen N , Díaz Pablo U , Stangaferro Matías L , Salvetti Natalia R 
Published: March 2015

Cystic ovarian disease (COD) is one of the main causes of reproductive failure in cattle and causes severe economic loss to the dairy farm industry because it increases both days open in thepost partumperiod and replacement rates due to infertility. This disease is the consequence of the failure of a mature follicle to ovulate at the time of ovulation in the estrous cycle. This review examines the evidence for the role of altered steroid and gonadotropin signaling systems and the proliferation/apoptosis balance in the ovary with cystic structures. This evidence suggests that changes in the expression of ovarian molecular components associated with these cellular mechanisms could play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of COD. The evidence also shows that gonadotropin receptor expression in bovine cystic follicles is altered, which suggests that changes in the signaling system of gonadotropins could play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of conditions characterized by altered ovulation, such as COD. Ovaries from animals with COD exhibit a disrupted steroid receptor pattern with modifications in the expression of coregulatory proteins. These changes in the pathways of endocrine action would trigger the changes in proliferation and apoptosis underlying the aberrant persistence of follicular cysts.Free Spanish abstract: A Spanish translation of this abstract is freely available athttp://www.reproduction-online.org/content/149/6/R251/suppl/DC1.
GaN growth on silicon based substrates using pulsed electron beam deposition (PED) process
Authors: Arefin Nazmul , Kane Matthew H. , Larson Preston R. , Whiteside Vince R. , Hossain Khalid , Pritchett Brittany N. , Johnson Matthew B. , McCann Patrick J. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTGrowth of GaN on Si(111) and Ge coated Si(111) using pulsed electron beam deposition (PED) process is reported. GaN was deposited on Si(111) and Ge/Si(111) at 600°C in an N2 environment without any surface pre-treatment such as pre-nitridation. X-ray diffraction confirmed that c-plane oriented GaN was grown. Photoluminescence showed near-band-edge emission, the intensity of which was improved with hydrogen passivation. Electrical characterization showed n-type conductivity with room temperature electron mobilities in the range of 300 cm2/V-sec.
Holistic Characterization of Carbon Nanotube Membrane for Capacitive Deionization Electrodes Application
Authors: Omar Yamila M. , Maragliano Carlo , Lai Chia-Yun , Lo Iacono Francesco , Bologna Nicolas , Shah Tushar , Al Ghaferi Amal , Chiesa Matteo 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTOne of the main areas of improvement in capacitive deionization technologies is the materials used for electrodes which have very specific requirements. In the present work, a wide range of material characterization techniques are employed to determine the suitability of a multiwall carbon nanostructure thin film as electrode material. The electrical, mechanical, surface and wetting characteristics are studied proving the membrane highly conductive (σ=7.25 103 S/m), having competitive electro-sorption capacity (11.7 F/g at 10 mV/s) and surface area (149 m2/g), strain rate dependent mechanical properties and hydrophobic wetting behavior.
Novel High Density Brine-Based Drill-In Fluids Significantly Increased Temperature Limit for HP/HT Applications
Authors: Zhou Hui , Deville Jay P. , Davis Chesnee L. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Drill-in fluids, also known as reservoir drilling fluids, are specifically designed to help minimize formation damage and facilitate wellbore cleanup. Typical water-based drill-in fluids use brines to achieve a desired fluid density and rely on acid-soluble solids, such as calcium carbonate, for bridging of pore spaces. Biopolymers, such as xanthan gum and crosslinked starch, are generally used as viscosifiers and fluid-loss additives for the drill-in fluids. Unfortunately, these biopolymers begin to degrade at temperatures greater than 275°F. As a result, conventional water-based drill-in fluids are generally limited to wells with temperatures below 300°F. Clay-free, brine-based drill-in fluids for temperatures greater than 300°F still pose challenges in high-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT) conditions.
Novel high density brine-based drill-in fluids have been developed using a specifically designed dual-functional polymer as a thermally stable viscosifier and fluid-loss additive. Divalent brines, such as CaBr2 (14.2 lbm/gal) and CaCl2 (11.6 lbm/gal), were used as the base fluids. The drill-in fluids show similar thixotropic behavior to those biopolymer-based, yet exhibit excellent thermal stability up to 450°F, which is at least 150°F higher than typical drill-in fluids. After static aging at 450°F for 16 hours, the fluids exhibited only slight color change, and no stratification or solid settling was observed. Rheological properties of the aged samples increased slightly compared to samples before aging. The samples still provided excellent fluid-loss control, even after aging, with a measured HP/HT fluid loss less than 10 mL after 30 minutes at 350°F. Core flow testing showed that the drill-in fluid is nondamaging after acid breaker treatment, with a return permeability of 100%.
Agronomic Management and Fungicide Effects on Oat Yield and Quality
Authors: Mourtzinis Spyridon , Conley Shawn P. , Gaska John M. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTOat (Avena sativa L.) is an important crop in the U.S. The primary uses for oat in Wisconsin are for establishing alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) underseedings, livestock forage, grain, and straw production, and for human nutrition. Therefore, the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of oat are of great importance. The objective of this study was to detect the effects of variety, seeding rate, seed treatment, and foliar fungicide on total grain yield, groat proportion, test weight, plant height, lodging severity, and β‐glucan content using data from two separate trials which were established from 2011 to 2013 at the University of Wisconsin Arlington Agricultural Research Station. The results from the two 3‐yr studies highlight the importance of selecting an appropriate oat variety with superior yield and quality characteristics. The use of a high seeding rate had no effect on any of the examined characteristics. However, treated seeds with Rancona Crest exhibited increased groat yield compared to untreated seeds by 187 kg ha−1. An important finding of this study is that the use of a foliar fungicide increased total and groat yields, and reduced lodging severity without impacting β‐glucan content. The results of this study indicate that the use of a superior variety such as ‘Badger’ and ‘BetaGene’, use of Rancona Crest seed treatment, and use of Headline foliar fungicide can increase oat yields in Wisconsin without reducing the crops’ quality characteristics.
Potential of Milk Thistle for Biomass Production in Semiarid Regions
Authors: Afshar R. Keshavarz , Chaichi M.R. , Alipour A. , Jovini M. Ansari , Dashtaki M. , Hashemi M. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTWater shortage is the major constraint for biomass production in semiarid regions. Biomass production of milk thistle [Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn] and energy balance of this crop under different irrigation regimes (full and deficit irrigation) and soil organic amending treatments (poultry manure [PM] and vermicompost [VC]) was evaluated in a two‐year field experiment. Biomass yield reduced by 10 and 22% under moderate (I75) and severe deficit (I50) irrigation, respectively. Under deficit irrigation, the contribution of leaves and heads to the final biomass reduced in favor of the stalk. Regardless of the irrigation regime, application of soil amendments improved biomass yield. Total energy input used for milk thistle production was 9829 MJ ha−1, in which 68% was related to nonrenewable energy sources. Diesel fuel (51%) had the biggest share of energy used for milk thistle production, followed by irrigation water and machinery. Energy input in I75 and I50 was 7 and 15% less than full irrigation (I100). Net energy obtained from milk thistle was 116,688 MJ ha−1 with energy efficiency (energy output/energy input ratio) of 12.8. Taking into account that milk thistle is an annual crop with low energy input requirements, it seems that milk thistle has a considerable potential for biomass production using I75 in regions with limited irrigation water availability.
Ontological Security in Nursing Homes for Older Persons – Person-Centred Care is the Power of Balance
Authors: James Inger , Ardeman-Merten Rebecka , Kihlgren Annica 
Published: March 2015

Introduction:The Swedish national guidelines for elderly care describe how older persons should be able to trust that their care is permeated with security. Different theoretical perspectives can be found that describe what creates security. Many studies have been done about security. However, few studies have explicitly asked older persons what security in nursing homes means to them.Aim:The aim of the study was to describe how older persons in nursing homes talked and reflected about security in their daily lives.Method:Nine older persons were interviewed in, in-depth interviews one to three times and the resulting data was analysed using content analysis.Results:The older persons adapted to having their own needs and those of the other older persons met and to the staff routines which created a sense of security. At the same time, they longed for security in which they could trust themselves and create their own daily life. Further to have a sense of belonging and of being liked for created an internal, interpersonal and external security. This can be linked to an ontological security which means having a sense of confidence in the continuity of self-identity and order in events, a being in the world.Conclusion:Person-centred instead of institution- centred care can provide the balance of power that allows the older person to obtain ontological security in which the staff's ability to create a relationship with the older persons becomes crucial.
Anaerobic Digestion of Algae Biomass to Produce Energy during Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Peng Shanshan , Colosi Lisa M. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT: Water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) are asked to improve both energy efficiency and nutrient removal efficacy. Integration of algaculture offers several potential synergies that could address these goals, including an opportunity to leverage anaerobic digestion at WRRFs. In this study, bench‐scale experiments are used to measure methane yield during co‐digestion of Scenedesmus dimorphus or mixed WRRF‐grown algae with WRRF biosolids. The results indicate that normalized methane yield decreases with increasing algae content in a manner than can be reasonably well fit using linear regression (R2 = 67%). It is thus possible to predict methane yield for any mixture of algae and biosolids based on the methane yield of the biosolids alone. Using revised methane yields, the energy return on investment of a typical WRRF increases from 0.53 (without algae) to 0.66 (with algae). Thus, algae‐based wastewater treatment may hold promise for improving WRRF energy efficiency without compromising effluent quality.
The Reduced Opportunity Structure: Senior Faculty Movement in Accounting 1980–2012
Authors: Fogarty Timothy J. , Black William H. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
The ability to move from one employing institution to another can be very important in an academic career. This study concerns the mid-career opportunities for institutional migration for accounting faculty. Unlike previous studies that focused on the characteristics, motivations, and attainments of mobile faculty, this study examines the relative size of the accounting professoriate that has been in transition at various points in time. When a large component of senior accounting academics have (have not) taken new positions in the last few years, the opportunity structure can be said to be high (low). The findings, using accounting doctoral schools as the empirical setting, document a declining opportunity set. Over time, the fraction of senior accounting academics that have changed schools in the previous five years has dwindled. This conclusion holds true across various divisions of academic accounting. Specifically, a decline is shown for both public schools and private schools, for higher and lower prestige schools, and for most sub-fields of the accounting discipline. The paper offers implications about this long-term trend.
Management Innovation – Designing And Testing A Theoretical Model
Authors: Bezdrob Muamer , Šunje Aziz 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Management innovation – the introduction of management processes, structures and practices that are new to companies, is crucial to business success. Based on the existing literature on management innovation and a rigorous theoretical approach to model design and development, a theoretical model of management innovation that is applicable to immature and underdeveloped markets was designed. Using this model, the study shows that the context in which companies operate, as well as companies’ management background (proficiency), are directly and positively related to management innovation. The main implication of the research is that the existing management innovation theory is applicable to market conditions in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina with only slight adaptation. Furthermore, this research provides important insights about the factors that affect the companies’ readiness to introduce innovative management structures, processes and practices.
Pre-service Teachers’ Views of Their Training: Key Issues to Sustain Quality Teacher Education
Authors: Flores Maria Assunção , Santos Patrícia , Fernandes Sandra , Pereira Diana 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This paper draws upon data from a broader piece of research aimed at examining pre-service teachers' views of their initial teacher education within the context of a master’s degree programme in teaching. The data were collected through questionnaires and written narratives at the beginning and at the end of the programme. In this paper, the data arising from 47 narratives at the end of the programme are presented. Five categories emerged from the qualitative data: curriculum content, teaching practice, the role of teacher educators, teaching and learning methods, the organisational aspects and structure of the programme. Although the participants identified positive aspects of the initial teacher education programme, they also stress that there is room for improvement, especially with regard to a greater coherence of the curriculum and a better articulation of its different components. Implications of the findings for enhancing the quality of initial teacher education and the role of teachers’ educators are discussed.
Other-initiated repair in English
Authors: Kendrick Kobin H. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe practices of other-initiation of repair provide speakers with a set of solutions to one of the most basic problems in conversation: troubles of speaking, hearing, and understanding. Based on a collection of 227 cases systematically identified in a corpus of English conversation, this article describes the formats and practices of other-initiations of repair attested in the corpus and reports their quantitative distribution. In addition to straight other-initiations of repair, the identification of all possible cases also yielded a substantial proportion in which speakers use other-initiations to perform other actions, including non-serious actions, such as jokes and teases, preliminaries to dispreferred responses, and displays of surprise and disbelief. A distinction is made between otherinitiations that perform additional actions concurrently and those that formally resemble straight other-initiations but analyzably do not initiate repair as an action.
Wie schreibe ich eine gute Übersichtsarbeit?
Authors: Khan C. , Antoch G. , Kotzerke J. , Hosten N. , Krause B. J. 
Published: March 2015

ZusammenfassungÜbersichtsarbeiten stellen einen wichtigen Teil medizinischer Literatur dar und ermöglichen dem Leser innerhalb kurzer Zeit einen umfassenden Überblick über ein bestimmtes Thema zu bekommen. In der Radiologie und der Nuklearmedizin haben Übersichtsarbeiten oft einen erzählenden/narrativen Charakter und somit ein hohes Maß an Subjektivität. Diese Subjektivität ist letztlich ausschlaggebend dafür, dass narrative Übersichtsarbeiten bei der Erstellung wissenschaftlicher Leitlinien nicht berücksichtigt werden.Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Kriterien für die Erstellung einer systematischen Übersichtsarbeit zu beleuchten und den Leser so bei der Erstellung einer systematischen und strukturierten Übersichtsarbeit zu unterstützen.
Sintering Study of Polyamide 12 Particles for Selective Laser Melting
Authors: Zhao Meng , Drummer Dietmar , Wudy Katrin , Drexler Maximilian 
Published: March 2015

Selective Laser Melting is an additive manufacturing technique, using a laser to promote the fusion followed by the solidification of a powder bed into a component. One of the most interesting topics about this process is the coalescence behavior of particles taking place in the powder bed during exposure. The coalescence of particles has been investigated in different fields of materials. Polyamide 12 (PA12) is a polymer material which is usually used in the selective laser melting process. Therefore, the characterization of the sintering behavior of PA12 powder plays an important role to improve the performance of the material and the process.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the sintering process of PA12. The main goals are: to calculate the neck growth during isothermal sintering process based on the modified Frenkel´s model; and to compare the sintering model with results from microscopic observation of PA12 powder in the hot stage. Important parameters for the sintering model such as temperature-sensitive viscosity and surface tension are measured in this paper. Furthermore, the effects of heating rate and sintering temperature on the neck growth were investigated by the microscopic observation of molten particles in the hot stage. The modeling showed a reasonable agreement with the microscopic observation in the hot stage. Specially, the effect of the heating rate on the sintering temperature was studied. It was confirmed that the sintering behavior of PA12 powder started at a higher temperature with increasing heating rate. Based on the findings from this study, a preliminary methodology for PA12 powder sintering is proposed. It provides a better understanding of the properties of the material, and more efficient use of the selective laser melting material.
Magnitude and determinants of depression in acute stroke patients admitted in a rural tertiary care hospital
Authors: Saxena Amrish , Suman Ajitabh 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
Objectives: Depression is one of the most frequent neuropsychiatric disturbances after a cerebrovascular stroke. The frequency of depression in stroke patients has varied widely in different populations. Post stroke depression is an important factor limiting recovery and rehabilitation in acute stroke patients. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was performed in acute stroke patients admitted in the department of Medicine of a rural teaching tertiary care hospital in central India. Materials and Methods: In all consecutive acute stroke inpatients, the intensity of depression was assessed by a trained person through a questionnaire, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), who is blind of the diagnosis and investigations of the patient. Another study person collected the data including demographics, co-morbid diseases or risk factors. Radiological imaging data was noted from the CT/MRI head reports of stroke patients. Results: Of the total 107 stroke patients, 60 (56%) were males and 47 (44%) were females. Sixty-one (57%) of the 107 stroke patients had depression. Of the 107 stroke patients, 35 (33%) had mild depression, 22 (20%) had moderate depression and 4 (4%) had severe depression. The age, gender, education status and co-morbidities of the stroke patient were not associated with depression. The association of socio-economic status and left-sided lesions with depression was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). Type and location of the lesion were not associated with depression. Conclusion: Post-stroke depression was present in more than half of the stroke patients and was related to socio-economic status and left-sided hemisphere lesions.
Fetal Neurology: The Role of Fetal Stress
Authors: Kadic Aida Salihagic 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTFetal development and growth, as well as the timing of birth is influenced by the intrauterine environment. Many environmental factors causing the fetal stress can interfere with fetal development and leave long-term and profound consequences on health. Fetal glucocorticoid overexposure has primarily significant consequences for the development of the central nervous system. In response to an adverse intrauterine conditions, the fetus is able to adapt its physiology to promote survival. However, these adaptations can result in permanent changes in tissue and organ structure and function that directly ‘program’ predisposition to disease. Cardiometabolic disorders, behavioral alterations and neuropsychiatric impairments in adulthood and/ or childhood may have their roots in the fetal period of life. Fetal response to stress and its prenatal and lifelong consequences are discussed in this review.How to cite this articleKadić AS. Fetal Neurology: The Role of Fetal Stress. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015;9(1):30-39.