bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cooperative Effect of Erythropoietin and TGF‐β Inhibition on Erythroid Development in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Xie Yinliang , Bai Hao , Liu Yanfeng , Hoyle Dixie L. , Cheng Tao , Wang Zack Z. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTPatient‐specific human induced‐pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) represent important cell sources to treat patients with acquired blood disorders. To realize the therapeutic potential of hiPSCs, it is crucial to understand signals that direct hiPSC differentiation to a hematopoietic lineage fate. Our previous study demonstrated that CD34+CD31+ cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) contain hemato‐endothelial progenitors (HEPs) that give rise to hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells. Here, we established a serum‐free and feeder‐free system to induce the differentiation of hPSC‐derived CD34+CD31+ progenitor cells to erythroid cells. We show that extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins promote the differentiation of CD34+CD31+ progenitor cells into CD235a+ erythroid cells through CD41+CD235a+ megakaryocyte‐erythroid progenitors (MEP). Erythropoietin (EPO) is a predominant factor for CD34+CD31+ progenitor differentiation to erythroid cells, whereas transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) inhibits the development of CD34+CD31+ progenitor cells. Apoptosis of progenitor cells is induced by TGF‐β in early erythroid differentiation. Suppression of TGF‐β signaling by SB431542 at early stage of CD34+CD31+ progenitor differentiation induces the erythroid cell generation. Together, these findings suggest that TGF‐β suppression and EPO stimulation promote erythropoiesis of CD34+CD31+ progenitor cells derived from hPSCs. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 2735–2743, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MicroRNA‐155 Regulates ROS Production, NO Generation, Apoptosis and Multiple Functions of Human Brain Microvessel Endothelial Cells Under Physiological and Pathological Conditions
Authors: Liu Yajing , Pan Qunwen , Zhao Yuhui , He Caixia , Bi Kexia , Chen Yusen , Zhao Bin , Chen Yanfang , Ma Xiaotang 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTThe microRNA‐155 (miR155) regulates various functions of cells. Dysfunction or injury of endothelial cells (ECs) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various vascular diseases. In this study, we investigated the role and potential mechanisms of miR155 in human brain microvessel endothelial cells (HBMECs) under physiological and pathological conditions. We detected the effects of miR155 silencing on ROS production, NO generation, apoptosis and functions of HBMECs at basal and in response to oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL). Western blot and q‐PCR were used for analyzing the gene expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK)/p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase (PI3K) and serine/threonine kinase(Akt), activated caspase‐3, and intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1). Results showed that under both basal and challenge situations: (1) Silencing of miR155 decreased apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production of HBMECs, whereas, promoted nitric oxide (NO) generation. (2) Silencing of miR155 increased the proliferation, migration, and tube formation ability of HBMECs, while decreased cell adhesion ability. (3) Gene expression analyses showed that EGFR/ERK/p38 MAPK and PI3K/Akt were increased and that activated caspase‐3 and ICAM‐1 mRNA were decreased after knockdown of miR155. In conclusion, knockdown of miR155 could modulate ROS production, NO generation, apoptosis and function of HBMECs via regulating diverse gene expression, such as caspase‐3, ICAM‐1 and EGFR/ERK/p38 MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 2870–2881, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Safety of peripheral intravenous administration of vasoactive medication
Authors: Cardenas‐Garcia Jose , Schaub Karen F. , Belchikov Yuly G. , Narasimhan Mangala , Koenig Seth J. , Mayo Paul H. 
Published: May 2015

BACKGROUNDCentral venous access is commonly performed to administer vasoactive medication. The administration of vasoactive medication via peripheral intravenous access is a potential method of reducing the need for central venous access. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of vasoactive medication administered through peripheral intravenous access.METHODSOver a 20‐month period starting in September 2012, we monitored the use of vasoactive medication via peripheral intravenous access in an 18‐bed medical intensive care unit. Norepinephrine, dopamine, and phenylephrine were all approved for use through peripheral intravenous access.RESULTSA total of 734 patients (age 72 ± 15 years, male/female 398/336, SAPS II score 75 ± 15) received vasoactive medication via peripheral intravenous access 783 times. Vasoactive medication used was norepinephrine (n = 506), dopamine (n = 101), and phenylephrine (n = 176). The duration of vasoactive medication via peripheral intravenous access was 49 ± 22 hours. Extravasation of the peripheral intravenous access during administration of vasoactive medication occurred in 19 patients (2%) without any tissue injury following treatment, with local phentolamine injection and application of local nitroglycerin paste. There were 95 patients (13%) receiving vasoactive medication through peripheral intravenous access who eventually required central intravenous access.CONCLUSIONSAdministration of norepinephrine, dopamine, or phenylephrine by peripheral intravenous access was feasible and safe in this single‐center medical intensive care unit. Extravasation from the peripheral intravenous line was uncommon, and phentolamine with nitroglycerin paste were effective in preventing local ischemic injury. Clinicians should not regard the use of vasoactive medication is an automatic indication for central venous access. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2015;10:581–585. © 2015 Society of Hospital Medicine
Long‐term changes in organic matter and mercury transport to lakes in the sporadic discontinuous permafrost zone related to peat subsidence
Authors: Korosi Jennifer B. , McDonald Jamylynn , Coleman Kristen A. , Palmer Michael J. , Smol John P. , Simpson Myrna J. , Blais Jules M. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractPermafrost‐supported peatlands near the southern limit of permafrost are experiencing dramatic landscape changes as a result of recent climate warming, which have the potential to impact aquatic ecosystems through changes in terrestrial run‐off. Our objectives were to determine how terrestrial organic matter inputs to aquatic ecosystems in the southern Northwest Territories (Canada) changed as a result of peat subsidence, and whether terrestrial organic matter can be linked to sedimentary mercury. To accomplish this, we analyzed lipid biomarkers, lignin‐derived phenols, and other geochemical proxies in sediment cores from two lakes (KAK‐1 and TAH‐7) affected by recent peat subsidence. Both lakes experienced substantial shifts in organic matter proxies through time, but the trajectory of change differed, reflecting local heterogeneity in hydrological setting and other environmental factors. In KAK‐1, recent peat subsidence corresponded to a decrease in lignin‐derived phenol yield, increased inferred lignin oxidation, and δ15N depletion. In TAH‐7, peat subsidence was likely initiated by a local forest fire, and resulted in an increase in the n‐alkanol ratio C30/(C30 + C28) (consistent with a warmer, wetter climate), lignin‐derived phenol yield (mainly syringyls), and δ13C depletion. In TAH‐7, total mercury inputs were positively correlated to terrestrial carbon inputs, suggesting allochthonous carbon is an important vector for mercury transport to the lake. In both lakes, an increase in the C23/(C23 + C29) n‐alkane ratio was observed and suggests increased organic matter input from Sphagnum mosses. Our results demonstrate how terrestrial landscape changes occurring as a result of peat subsidence can influence carbon accumulation in aquatic ecosystems in discontinuous permafrost zones.
Responses of the coastal phytoplankton community to tropical cyclones revealed by high‐frequency imaging flow cytometry
Authors: Anglès Sílvia , Jordi Antoni , Campbell Lisa 
Published: May 2015

AbstractTo investigate the response of a subtropical coastal phytoplankton community to tropical cyclones, we utilized high temporal resolution (hours) data from the Imaging FlowCytobot (IFCB) deployed in the Gulf of Mexico. In 2010, four tropical cyclones (two during June–July and two during September) struck the area. Passage of the cyclones produced two major impacts: (1) storm surges and strong onshore winds, and (2) heavy rains producing substantial freshwater discharge and decreased salinity. The phytoplankton community showed a rapid response to the passage of the cyclones with increased abundance. Using principal component analysis, responses during storm surges and after freshwater discharges were distinguished and considerable changes in community composition were revealed. Responses to storm surges were characterized by an increase of diatoms. Freshwater discharges triggered increases in dinoflagellates and other flagellates (prasinophytes, euglenophytes, and cryptophytes) relative to the other groups. In June–July, substantial increases in diatoms were also observed. The response to freshwater discharge during this period was dominated by a diatom (Thalassiosira), whereas in September the response was dominated by two dinoflagellates (Akashiwo sanguinea and Polykrikos hartmannii). Observed abundances of these three taxa were the highest recorded from the IFCB time series. The short‐term responses of the phytoplankton community revealed here emphasize the need for high temporal resolution sampling to fully capture the effects of tropical cyclones. Given that extreme storms are predicted to increase with future climate change, the taxonomic resolution of the IFCB is also valuable for detecting taxa‐specific responses, which can have implications for ecosystem functioning.
Medical Exercise Therapy for Treating Musculoskeletal Pain: A Narrative Review of Results from Randomized Controlled Trials with a Theoretical Perspective
Authors: Lorås H. , Østerås B. , Torstensen T. A. , Østerås H. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe purpose of this narrative review is to present an overview and theoretical rationale of medical exercise therapy (MET) as a physiotherapeutic rehabilitation treatment for musculoskeletal pain conditions. Results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted on MET are also presented.MethodsComputerized searches for any RCTs were conducted on the MET concept in the databases PubMed, Medline, Embase and ISI Web of science up to 2013.ResultsOverall findings from five included MET RCTs are long‐term (≥1 year) reductions in pain and improved physical and functional capabilities. These results are interpreted in the context of the biopsychosocial model, advancing the view of a dynamic interaction among physiologic, psychological and social factors that influence pain modulation.DiscussionMET is a biopsychosocial treatment that reduces pain and improves activities of daily living in patients with a musculoskeletal pain condition. Pain modulation is a key feature of MET, and an important area for further research is to elucidate the specific mechanisms behind the treatment effects. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HX‐MS2 for high performance conformational analysis of complex protein states
Authors: Burns Kyle M. , Sarpe Vladimir , Wagenbach Mike , Wordeman Linda , Schriemer David C. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWater‐mediated hydrogen exchange (HX) processes involving the protein main chain are sensitive to structural dynamics and molecular interactions. Measuring deuterium uptake in amide bonds provides information on conformational states, structural transitions and binding events. Increasingly, deuterium levels are measured by mass spectrometry (MS) from proteolytically generated peptide fragments of large molecular systems. However, this bottom‐up method has limited spectral capacity and requires a burdensome manual validation exercise, both of which restrict analysis of protein systems to generally less than 150 kDa. In this study, we present a bottom‐up HX‐MS2 method that improves peptide identification rates, localizes high‐quality HX data and simplifies validation. The method combines a new peptide scoring algorithm (WUF, weighted unique fragment) with data‐independent acquisition of peptide fragmentation data. Scoring incorporates the validation process and emphasizes identification accuracy. The HX‐MS2 method is illustrated using data from a conformational analysis of microtubules treated with dimeric kinesin MCAK. When compared to a conventional Mascot‐driven HX‐MS method, HX‐MS2 produces two‐fold higher α/β‐tubulin sequence depth at a peptide utilization rate of 74%. A Mascot approach delivers a utilization rate of 44%. The WUF score can be constrained by false utilization rate (FUR) calculations to return utilization values exceeding 90% without serious data loss, indicating that automated validation should be possible. The HX‐MS2 data confirm that N‐terminal MCAK domains anchor kinesin force generation in kinesin‐mediated depolymerization, while the C‐terminal tails regulate MCAK‐tubulin interactions.
Process‐structure‐properties relationship in direct liquid injection chemical vapor deposition of amorphous alumina from aluminum tri‐isopropoxide
Authors: Etchepare Pierre‐Luc , Baggetto Loïc , Vergnes Hugues , Samélor Diane , Sadowski Daniel , Caussat Brigitte , Vahlas Constantin 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWe propose a method to apply amorphous alumina films on the inner surface of glass containers aiming to improve their hydrothermal barrier property. We have carried out alumina deposition on Si substrates as a function of deposition temperature to determine the physico‐chemical properties of the thin film materials, and on glass containers to evaluate the influence of post‐deposition hydrothermal ageing on the films properties. Film preparation has been achieved by metal‐organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), using tri‐isopropoxide aluminum (ATI) dissolved in anhydrous cyclohexane as precursor, in a temperature range between 360 °C and 600 °C. A direct liquid injection technology is used to feed the reactor in a controlled and reproducible way. The amorphous alumina films have been characterized by several techniques such as XRD, EPMA, XPS, SEM, AFM and scratch‐test method. Films are amorphous and hydroxylated at 360 and 420 °C and close to stoichiometric at 490 and 560 °C. Hydrothermal ageing simulated by a standard sterilization cycle modifies the adhesion and surface morphology of the alumina film on glass containers to a rough, porous and non‐adhesive layer. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Evaluation and application of hydrometeor classification algorithm outputs inferred from multi‐frequency dual‐polarimetric radar observations collected during HyMeX
Authors: Ribaud J.‐F. , Bousquet O. , Coquillat S. , Al‐Sakka H. , Lambert D. , Ducrocq V. , Fontaine E. 
Published: May 2015

A fuzzy logic hydrometeor classification algorithm (HCA), allowing discrimination between six microphysical species regardless of the radar wavelength is presented and evaluated. The proposed method is based upon combination sets of dual‐polarimetric observables (reflectivity at horizontal polarization ZH, differential reflectivity ZDR, specific differential phase KDP, correlation coefficient ρHV) along with temperature data inferred from a numerical weather prediction model output.The performance of the HCA is evaluated using 20 h of multi‐frequency dual‐polarimetric radar data collected during the first Special Observation Period (SOP1) of the Hydrological Cycle in the Mediterranean Experiment (HyMeX). A new method based upon intercomparisons of retrieved hydrometeor data deduced from pairs of neighbouring radars (S‐band vs. S‐band and S‐band vs. C‐band) over a common sampling area is proposed to evaluate the consistency of hydrometor classification outputs. S‐/C‐band radar comparisons generally show better consistency than S‐/S‐band radar comparisons due to issues with the identification of the 0°C isotherm on one of the two S‐band radars. Imperfect attenuation correction at C‐band may also lead into differences in hydrometeor fields retrieved from the C‐ and S‐band radars in convective situations, but retrieved hydrometeor data are globally very consistent from one radar to another. Comparisons against in situ airborne data also confirm the overall good performance of the HCA.In a second experiment, an original method allowing the production of multi‐radar three‐dimensional (3D) hydrometeor fields from single‐radar 2D hydrometeor data is tested on a bow‐echo convective system observed with C‐ and S‐band radars. The resulting 3D hydrometeor fields provide a detailed view of the bow‐echo microphysical structure and confirm the good performance of both the HCA and interpolation technique.
Suitability of selected free‐gas and dissolved‐gas sampling containers for carbon isotopic analysis
Authors: Eby P. , Gibson J. J. , Yi Y. 
Published: May 2015

RationaleStorage trials were conducted for 2 to 3 months using a hydrocarbon and carbon dioxide gas mixture with known carbon isotopic composition to simulate typical hold times for gas samples prior to isotopic analysis. A range of containers (both pierced and unpierced) was periodically sampled to test for δ13C isotopic fractionation.MethodsSeventeen containers were tested for free‐gas storage (20°C, 1 atm pressure) and 7 containers were tested for dissolved‐gas storage, the latter prepared by bubbling free gas through tap water until saturated (20°C, 1 atm) and then preserved to avoid biological activity by acidifying to pH 2 with phosphoric acid and stored in the dark at 5°C. Samples were extracted using valves or by piercing septa, and then introduced into an isotope ratio mass spectrometer for compound‐specific δ13C measurements.ResultsFor free gas, stainless steel canisters and crimp‐top glass serum bottles with butyl septa were most effective at preventing isotopic fractionation (pierced and unpierced), whereas silicone and PTFE‐butyl septa allowed significant isotopic fractionation. FlexFoil and Tedlar bags were found to be effective only for storage of up to 1 month. For dissolved gas, crimp‐top glass serum bottles with butyl septa were again effective, whereas silicone and PTFE‐butyl were not. FlexFoil bags were reliable for up to 2 months.ConclusionsOur results suggest a range of preferred containers as well as several that did not perform very well for isotopic analysis. Overall, the results help establish better QA/QC procedures to avoid isotopic fractionation when storing environmental gas samples. Recommended containers for air transportation include steel canisters and glass serum bottles with butyl septa (pierced and unpierced). Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Morphine Promotes Astrocyte-Preferential Differentiation of Mouse Hippocampal Progenitor Cells via PKCε-Dependent ERK Activation and TRBP Phosphorylation
Authors: Xu Chi , Zheng Hui , Loh Horace H. , Law Ping-Yee 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Previously we have shown that morphine regulates adult neurogenesis by modulating miR-181a maturation and subsequent hippocampal neural progenitor cell (NPC) lineages. Using NPCs cultured from PKCε or β-arrestin2 knockout mice and the MAPK/ERK kinase inhibitor U0126, we demonstrate that regulation of NPC differentiation via the miR-181a/Prox1/Notch1 pathway exhibits ligand-dependent selectivity. In NPCs, morphine and fentanyl activate ERK via the PKCε- and β-arrestin-dependent pathways, respectively. After fentanyl exposure, the activated phospho-ERK translocates to the nucleus. Conversely, after morphine treatment, phospho-ERK remains in the cytosol and is capable of phosphorylating TAR RNA-binding protein (TRBP), a cofactor of Dicer. This augments Dicer activity and promotes the maturation of miR-181a. Furthermore, using NPCs transfected with wild-type TRBP, SΔA, and SΔD TRBP mutants, we confirmed the crucial role of TRBP phosphorylation in Dicer activity, miR-181a maturation, and finally the morphine-induced astrocyte-preferential differentiation of NPCs. Thus, morphine modulates the lineage-specific differentiation of NPCs by PKCε-dependent ERK activation with subsequent TRBP phosphorylation and miR-181a maturation. Stem Cells 2015;33:2762–2772
A Niche for GFRα1-Positive Spermatogonia in the Terminal Segments of the Seminiferous Tubules in Hamster Testes
Authors: Aiyama Yoshimi , Tsunekawa Naoki , Kishi Kasane , Kawasumi Miyuri , Suzuki Hitomi , Kanai-Azuma Masami , Kurohmaru Masamichi , Kanai Yoshiakira 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In invertebrate species such as flies and nematodes, germline stem cells are maintained in a niche environment, which is restricted to the terminal end of the tubular structure in the gonads. In mice, spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), a subpopulation of Asingle GFRα1 (glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor [GDNF] family receptor-α1)-positive spermatogonia, are widely distributed along the longitudinal axis in the convoluted seminiferous tubules, preferentially juxtaposed to the interstitial vasculature. However, whether this area is the only SSC niche is not known. In this study, we identified a valve-like terminal segment of the seminiferous tubules, the Sertoli valve (SV), adjacent to the rete testis as another niche for GFRα1-positive spermatogonia in hamsters. Here, we show that the SV epithelium is composed of the modified Sertoli cells that are still capable of proliferation and missing most spermatogenic activities in the adult stage. The SV epithelium constitutively expresses GDNF, a major niche factor for SSCs, and supports the stable proliferation and selective maintenance of an Asingle subpopulation of GFRα1-positive spermatogonia in hamsters. The SV region of hamster seminiferous tubules has features that are similar to the stem cell niche in invertebrate gonads. Therefore, we propose that the SV may be a novel niche for Asingle GFRá1-positive spermatogonia potentially including a SSC population, at the terminal segments of the seminiferous tubules in hamsters. Stem Cells 2015;33:2811–2824