bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The formation of lunar mascon basins from impact to contemporary form
Authors: Freed Andrew M. , Johnson Brandon C. , Blair David M. , Melosh H. J. , Neumann Gregory A. , Phillips Roger J. , Solomon Sean C. , Wieczorek Mark A. , Zuber Maria T. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractPositive free‐air gravity anomalies associated with large lunar impact basins represent a superisostatic mass concentration or “mascon.” High‐resolution lunar gravity data from the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory spacecraft reveal that these mascons are part of a bulls‐eye pattern in which the central positive anomaly is surrounded by an annulus of negative anomalies, which in turn is surrounded by an outer annulus of positive anomalies. To understand the origin of this gravity pattern, we modeled numerically the entire evolution of basin formation from impact to contemporary form. With a hydrocode, we simulated impact excavation and collapse and show that during the major basin‐forming era, the preimpact crust and mantle were sufficiently weak to enable a crustal cap to flow back over and cover the mantle exposed by the impact within hours. With hydrocode results as initial conditions, we simulated subsequent cooling and viscoelastic relaxation of topography using a finite element model, focusing on the mare‐free Freundlich‐Sharonov and mare‐infilled Humorum basins. By constraining these models with measured free‐air and Bouguer gravity anomalies as well as surface topography, we show that lunar basins evolve by isostatic adjustment from an initially subisostatic state following the collapse stage. The key to the development of a superisostatic inner basin center is its mechanical coupling to the outer basin that rises in response to subisostatic stresses, enabling the inner basin to rise above isostatic equilibrium. Our calculations relate basin size to impactor diameter and velocity, and they constrain the preimpact lunar thermal structure, crustal thickness, viscoelastic rheology, and, for the Humorum basin, the thickness of its postimpact mare fill.
GALNS mutations in Indian patients with mucopolysaccharidosis IVA
Authors: Bidchol Abdul Mueed , Dalal Ashwin , Shah Hitesh , S Suryanarayana , Nampoothiri Sheela , Kabra Madhulika , Gupta Neerja , Danda Sumita , Gowrishankar Kalpana , Phadke Shubha R. , Kapoor Seema , Kamate Mahesh , Verma I.C. , Puri Ratna Dua , Sankar V.H. , Devi A. Radha Rama , Patil S.J. , Ranganath Prajnya , Jain S. Jamal Md Nurul , Agarwal Meenal , Singh Ankur , Mishra Pallavi , Tamhankar Parag M. , Gopinath Puthiya Mundyat , Nagarajaram H.A. , Satyamoorthy Kapaettu , Girisha Katta Mohan 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTMucopolysaccharidosis IV A (Morquio syndrome A, MPS IVA) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by the deficiency of N‐acetylgalactosamine‐6‐sulfatase (GALNS). The mutation spectrum in this condition is yet to be determined in Indians. We aimed to analyze the mutations in the GALNS gene in Asian Indians with MPS IVA. All the exons and the adjacent intronic regions of the gene were amplified and sequenced in sixty‐eight unrelated Indian families. We identified 136 mutant alleles comprising of 40 different mutations. We report twenty‐two novel mutations that comprise of seventeen missense (p.Asn32Thr, p.Leu36Arg, p.Pro52Leu, p.Pro77Ser, p.Cys79Arg, p.His142Pro, p.Tyr191Asp, p.Asn204Thr, p.Gly188Ser, p.Phe216Ser, p.Trp230Cys, p.Ala291Ser, p.Gly317Arg, p.His329Pro, p.Arg386Ser, p.Glu450Gly, p.Cys501Ser), three splice‐site variants (c.120 + 1G > C, c.1003‐3C > G, c.1139 + 1G > A), one nonsense mutation (p.Gln414*) and one frameshift mutation (p.Pro420Leufs*440). Eighteen mutations have been reported earlier. Among these p.Ser287Leu (8.82%), p.Phe216Ser (7.35%), p.Asn32Thr (6.61%) and p.Ala291Ser (5.88%) were the most frequent mutations in Indian patients but were rare in the mutational profiles reported in other populations. These results indicate that the Indian patients may have a distinct mutation spectrum compared to those of other populations. Mutant alleles in exon 1, 7 and 8 accounted for 44.8% of the mutations, and sequencing of these exons initially may be a cost‐effective approach in Asian Indian patients. This is the largest study on molecular analysis of patients with MPS IVA reported in the literature, and the first report from India. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mehrkomponentenkaskade zur Synthese von Indolen, Pyrazolen und Pyridazinonen durch Funktionalisierung von Alkenen
Authors: Matcha Kiran , Antonchick Andrey P. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractDie Entwicklung von Mehrkomponentenreaktionen für die Indolsynthese ist anspruchsvoll und kaum erforscht. Die vorliegende Studie beschreibt die Entwicklung eines neuen Ansatzes für die Indolsynthese über eine Mehrkomponentenkaskade. Unter Verwendung einfacher Reagentien, wie nichtfunktionalisierte Alkene, Diazoniumsalze und Natriumtrifluormethansulfinat, wurden verschieden substituierte Indolderivate erhalten. Die unkomplizierte und regioselektive Methode basiert auf der radikalischen Trifluormethylierung von Alkenen als neuartigen Einstieg in die Fischer‐Indolsynthese. Zusätzlich werden Anwendungen der Mehrkomponentenkaskade in der Synthese von Pyrazolen und Pyridazinonen beschrieben.
Preparation of composites of liquid‐crystalline matrix of poly(p‐phenylene‐sulfoterephthalamide) and CaCO3 by In situ mineralization
Authors: Nishio Takashi , Tanaka Yuka , Naka Kensuke 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTLiquid‐crystalline (LC) hydrogels were obtained from an aqueous solution of poly(p‐phenylene‐sulfoterephthalamide) (PPST) by the addition of calcium ions (Ca2+). The critical hydrogel formation ratio of Ca2+ to the sulfonic acid group in PPST (crtRCa = [Ca2+]/[
]) depended on the concentration of PPST, and was independent of the molecular weight of PPST. When the LC hydrogel was prepared at a concentration of 0.5 wt % and crtRCa = 0.6, and was exposed to ammonium carbonate vapor for 96 h, all Ca2+ in the LC hydrogel were converted into calcite crystals. The alternate soaking process for the LC hydrogel induced the formation of two mesocrystal morphologies on and in the Ca2+ cross‐linked LC hydrogel. Plate‐like calcite mesocrystals grew at the hydrogel/solution interface and cubic mesocrystals were present in the inner space of the hydrogel, thus composites with some ordered structures of LC matrix and CaCO3 have been prepared through in situ mineralization. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41455.
Retracted: Structural characterization and optical properties of Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu2+,Dy3+ phosphor by solid‐state reaction method
Authors: Sahu Ishwar Prasad , Bisen D. P. , Brahme Nameeta 
Published: September 2014

AbstractCa2MgSi2O7:Eu2+,Dy3+ phosphor was prepared by the solid‐state reaction method under a weak reducing atmosphere. The obtained phosphor was characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) techniques. The phase structure of the Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu2+,Dy3+ phosphor was akermanite type, which is a member of the melilite group. The surface morphology of the sintered phosphor was not uniform and phosphors aggregated tightly. EDX and FT‐IR spectra confirm the elements present in the Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu2+,Dy3+ phosphor. Under UV excitation, a broadband emission spectrum was found. The emission spectra observed in the green region centered at 535 nm, which is due to the 4f–5d transition. The mechanoluminescence (ML) intensity of the prepared phosphor increased linearly with increases in the mechanical load. The ML spectra were similar to the photoluminescence (PL), which indicates that ML is emitted from the same emitting center of Eu2+ ions as PL. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &#38; Sons, Ltd.
Triterpenoids as Novel Natural Inhibitors of Human Cathepsin L
Authors: Ramalho Suelem D. , De Sousa Lorena R. F. , Nebo Liliane , Maganhi Stella H. , Caracelli Ignez , Zukerman‐Schpector Julio , Lima Maria Inês S. , Alves Marcio F. M. , Da Silva M. Fátima das G. F. , Fernandes João B. , Vieira Paulo C. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractCathepsins L (catL) and B play an important role in tumor progression and have been considered promising therapeutic targets in the development of novel anticancer agents. Using a bioactivity‐guided fractionation, a series of triterpenoids was identified as a new class of competitive inhibitors towards cathepsin L with affinity values in micromolar range. Among the 14 compounds evaluated, the most promising were 3‐epiursolic acid (3), 3‐(hydroxyimino)oleanolic acid (9), and 3‐(hydroxyimino)masticadienoic acid (13) with IC50 values of 6.5, 2.4, and 2.6 μM on catL, respectively. Most of the evaluated triterpenoids do not inhibit cathepsin B. Thus, the evaluated compounds exhibit a great potential to help in the design of new inhibitors with enhanced potency and affinity towards catL. Docking studies were performed in order to gain insight on the binding mode and SAR of these compounds.
Further Amphoricarpolides from the Surface Extracts of Amphoricarpos Complex from Montenegro
Authors: Cvetković Mirjana , Ðorđević Iris , Jadranin Milka , Vajs Vlatka , Vučković Ivan , Menković Nebojša , Milosavljević Slobodan , Tešević Vele 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAnalysis of composition of sesquiterpene lactone fraction of leaf cuticular neutral lipids of Amphoricarpos complex from two different localities in north Montenegro, i.e., canyon of river Tara (A. autariatus ssp. autariatus) and mountain Zeletin (A. autariatus ssp. bertisceus) afforded sesquiterpene lactones with guaianolide skeletons (17 compounds), so called amphoricarpolides, typical for this genus. Nine of them, 9–17, were new compounds, and their structures were elucidated by detailed analyses of IR, NMR, and MS data.
Cognitive evolutionary therapy for depression: a case study
Authors: Giosan Cezar , Muresan Vlad , Moldovan Ramona 
Published: September 2014

Key Clinical MessageWe present an evolutionary‐driven cognitive–behavioral intervention for a moderately depressed patient. Standard cognitive and behavioral therapy techniques focused on the patient's perfectionistic and self‐downing beliefs, while novel, evolutionary‐informed techniques were used to guide behavioral activation and conceptualize secondary emotional problems related to anger. The treatment reduced depressive symptomatology and increased evolutionary fitness.
2,2′‐Bipyridine‐Based Dendritic Structured Compounds for Second Harmonic Generation
Authors: Büchert Marina , Steenbock Torben , Lukaschek Christian , Wolff Marie C. , Herrmann Carmen , Heck Jürgen 
Published: September 2014

AbstractParallel alignment of dipolar electron‐donor–π‐bridge‐electron‐acceptor entities can strongly enhance their nonlinear optical properties. This favorable arrangement can be in principle achieved by linking these units covalently or through metal coordination. Four dipolar single‐strand chromophores decorated with a 5‐electron‐donor–5′‐electron‐acceptor‐modified 2,2′‐bipyridine functionality were synthesized. For two of these chromophores triple‐stranded dendritic structures were successfully formed. All of the compounds were characterized with respect to their linear and nonlinear optical properties. For the aldehyde derivatives an enhancement of the first hyperpolarizability of 4.5 rather than 3 was obtained when going from single to triple strands. Theoretical calculations with density functional theory suggest that interstrand transitions contribute to the optical properties of the dendritic structures.
Nitric Oxide Insertion Reactivity with the Bismuth–Carbon Bond: Formation of the Oximate Anion, [ON(C6H2tBu2O)]−, from the Oxyaryl Dianion, (C6H2tBu2O)2−
Authors: Kindra Douglas R. , Casely Ian J. , Ziller Joseph W. , Evans William J. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe first example of NO insertion into a BiC bond has been found in the direct reaction of NO with a Bi3+ complex of the unusual (C6H2tBu2‐3,5‐O‐4)2− oxyaryl dianionic ligand, namely, Ar′Bi(C6H2tBu2‐3,5‐O‐4) [Ar′=2,6‐(Me2NCH2)2C6H3] (1). The oximate complexes [Ar′Bi(ONC6H2‐3,5‐tBu2‐4‐O)]2(μ‐O) (3) and Ar′Bi(ONC6H2‐3,5‐tBu2‐4‐O)2 (4) were formed as a mixture, but can be isolated in pure form by reaction of NO with a Bi3+ complex of the [O2C(C6H2tBu2‐3‐5‐O‐4]2− oxyarylcarboxy dianion, namely, Ar′Bi[O2C(C6H2tBu2‐3‐5‐O‐4)‐κ2O,O’]. Reaction of 1 with Ph3CSNO gave an oximate product with (Ph3CS)1− as an ancillary ligand, (Ph3CS)(Ar′)Bi(ONC6H2‐3,5‐tBu2‐4‐O) (5).
Tracking viable circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing definitive radiation therapy: Pilot study results
Authors: Dorsey Jay F. , Kao Gary D. , MacArthur Kelly M. , Ju Melody , Steinmetz David , Wileyto E. Paul , Simone Charles B. , Hahn Stephen M. 
Published: September 2014

BACKGROUNDAssays identifying circulating tumor cells (CTCs) allow noninvasive and sequential monitoring of the status of primary or metastatic tumors, potentially yielding clinically useful information. However, to the authors' knowledge, the effect of radiation therapy (RT) on CTCs in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been previously explored.METHODSThis report describes results from a pilot study of 30 patients with NSCLC who received RT. Peripheral blood samples obtained from these patients were assayed for CTCs using an assay that identified live cells using an adenoviral probe that detected the elevated telomerase activity present in almost all cancer cells, but not in normal cells, and the validity of the assay was confirmed with secondary tumor‐specific markers. Patients were assayed before initiation of RT (pre‐RT), during the RT course, and/or after the completion of RT (post‐RT).RESULTSThe assay successfully detected CTCs in the majority of patients, including 65% of patients before the start of RT, and in patients with both epidermal growth factor receptor wild‐type and mutation‐positive tumors. The median CTC counts in patients before RT was 9.1 CTCs per mL (range, undetectable to 571 CTCs per mL) and was significantly higher than the average post‐RT count of 0.6 CTCs per mL (range, undetectable to 1.8 CTCs per mL; P<.001). Sequential CTC counts were available in a subset of patients and demonstrated decreases after RT, except for 1 patient who subsequently developed distant failure.CONCLUSIONSThe current pilot data suggest that CTC counts appear to reflect response to RT in patients with localized NSCLC. On the basis of these promising results, the authors have launched a more comprehensive and detailed clinical trial. Cancer 2015;121:139–149. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
An optimized and scalable eigensolver for sequences of eigenvalue problems
Authors: Berljafa Mario , Wortmann Daniel , Di Napoli Edoardo 
Published: September 2014

SummaryIn many scientific applications, the solution of nonlinear differential equations are obtained through the setup and solution of a number of successive eigenproblems. These eigenproblems can be regarded as a sequence whenever the solution of one problem fosters the initialization of the next. In addition, in some eigenproblem sequences, there is a connection between the solutions of adjacent eigenproblems. Whenever it is possible to unravel the existence of such a connection, the eigenproblem sequence is said to be correlated. When facing with a sequence of correlated eigenproblems, the current strategy amounts to solving each eigenproblem in isolation. We propose an alternative approach that exploits such correlation through the use of an eigensolver based on subspace iteration and accelerated with Chebyshev polynomials (Chebyshev filtered subspace iteration (ChFSI)). The resulting eigensolver is optimized by minimizing the number of matrix–vector multiplications and parallelized using the Elemental library framework. Numerical results show that ChFSI achieves excellent scalability and is competitive with current dense linear algebra parallel eigensolvers. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complex Surface Chemistry of an Otherwise Inert Solvent Molecule: Tetrahydrofuran on Si(001)
Authors: Mette Gerson , Reutzel Marcel , Bartholomäus Ruben , Laref Slimane , Tonner Ralf , Dürr Michael , Koert Ulrich , Höfer Ulrich 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe reaction of tetrahydrofuran (THF), an otherwise inert solvent molecule, on Si(001) was experimentally studied in ultra‐high vacuum. Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and photoelectron spectroscopy at variable temperature, we could both isolate a datively bound intermediate state of THF on Si(001), as well as the final configuration that bridges two dimer rows of the Si(001) surface after ether cleavage. The latter configuration implies splitting of the OC bond, which is typically kinetically suppressed. THF thus exhibits a hitherto unknown reactivity on Si(001).
DNA Targeting by Cationic Porphyrin–Ruthenium(II) Conjugates
Authors: Musetti Caterina , Spagnul Cinzia , Mion Giuliana , Da Ros Sivia , Gianferrara Teresa , Sissi Claudia 
Published: September 2014

AbstractPorphyrins and metalloporphyrins are investigated extensively as potential anticancer drugs. They work as DNA binding agents as well as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy. Conjugation of the macrocycle with organometallic complexes is a powerful tool to implement the water solubility of the adducts and to provide distinct cytotoxic properties. Herein, six fourfold‐symmetric cationic porphyrin–ruthenium(II) conjugates (P1–P6) are considered, which differ from one another by the substituents on the RuII fragments, the linkage of the metal fragments to the porphyrin, and the total positive charge. Their interaction with DNA sequences arranged in different conformations is investigated. The data suggest that the tested conjugates discriminate poorly between different DNA structures. Indeed, unfolded DNA works efficiently as a template for the cationic conjugates. Nevertheless, they are extremely efficient in cleaving the macromolecule upon irradiation, regardless of its structural arrangement.
Life Cycle Analysis within Pharmaceutical Process Optimization and Intensification: Case Study of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Production
Authors: Ott Denise , Kralisch Dana , Denčić Ivana , Hessel Volker , Laribi Yosra , Perrichon Philippe D. , Berguerand Charline , Kiwi‐Minsker Lioubov , Loeb Patrick 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAs the demand for new drugs is rising, the pharmaceutical industry faces the quest of shortening development time, and thus, reducing the time to market. Environmental aspects typically still play a minor role within the early phase of process development. Nevertheless, it is highly promising to rethink, redesign, and optimize process strategies as early as possible in active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) process development, rather than later at the stage of already established processes. The study presented herein deals with a holistic life‐cycle‐based process optimization and intensification of a pharmaceutical production process targeting a low‐volume, high‐value API. Striving for process intensification by transfer from batch to continuous processing, as well as an alternative catalytic system, different process options are evaluated with regard to their environmental impact to identify bottlenecks and improvement potentials for further process development activities.
Cochrane in context: Probiotics for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants
Authors: Robinson Joan 
Published: September 2014

AbstractCochrane Review: Probiotics for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants AlFaleh K, Anabrees J. Probiotics for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD005496. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005496.pub4.This companion piece to the review, “Probiotics for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants,” contains the following pieces:

The abstract of the review
A commentary from Joan Robinson, editor‐in‐chief for Evidence‐Based Child Health, discussing the importance of this review
A review of clinical practice guidelines
Some other recently published references on this topic
The Effect of ZnII Coordination on the Addition of 2‐(Aminomethyl)benzimidazole to Acrylonitrile
Authors: Falcón‐León Martha P. , Tapia‐Benavides Antonio R. , Tlahuext Hugo , Galán‐Vidal Carlos , Suarez‐Castillo Oscar R. , Tlahuextl Margarita 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe effects of N→Zn coordination, solvent, and pH on the aza‐addition reaction between 2‐(aminomethyl)benzimidazole (HL) and acrylonitrile were studied. In the absence of ZnII ion, the aza‐addition reactions between HL and acrylonitrile (in aqueous media) depended on pH and were not selective. The mono‐addition compound {3‐[(1H‐benzimidazol‐2‐ylmethyl)amino]propanenitrile} was always obtained in a greater proportion than the di‐addition products [3,3′‐[(1H‐benzimidazol‐2‐ylmethyl)imino]dipropanenitrile and 3‐(2‐{[(2‐cyanoethyl)amino]methyl}‐1H‐benzimidazol‐1‐yl)propanenitrile]. Acrylonitrile selectively reacted at the amine group in the [ZnCl3(H2L)] and [ZnCl2(HL)] complexes in aqueous solutions. Moreover, [ZnCl(HL)2]Cl and [Zn(H2O)2(HL)2]Cl2 complexes yielded mixtures of mono‐ and di‐addition products. In contrast, Zn complexes formed with HL did not react with acrylonitrile in solution in DMSO. The synthesis of mono‐ and di‐addition compounds was studied by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction crystallography. Quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) computations were used to demonstrate the probable presence of a mono‐addition chelate complex.
Optimum multi‐service access selection over heterogeneous wireless networks
Authors: Choque Johnny , Díez Luis‐Francisco , García Alberto‐Eloy , Agüero Ramón , Muñoz Luis 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThis paper proposes a methodology to analyse connectivity over highly heterogeneous wireless networks. We consider a scenario comprising a large number of access elements and end users, who move and initiate different services according to some patterns. The framework that has been implemented takes periodic snapshots, each of them used to pose a different optimization problem. We take into account the intention of end users to have a connection (those with an active service), disregarding idle users, as well as the outcome of the previous problems (for instance, the base station a particular user was connected to). The feasibility of the methodology proposed in this work is assessed with a scenario over which we study different access selection strategies including the following criteria: price of resources, service affinity towards particular technologies as well as the willingness to reduce the number of handovers. The results validate the proposed methodology and highlight the impact that an appropriate design of the access selection strategy may have. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.