bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Travail, chômage et stigmatisation
Authors: Desmette Donatienne , Liénard Georges , Dalla Valle Christine 
Published: December 2014

Résumé Quel est le statut de l’insertion sociale dans le champ de l’insertion professionnelle ? N’est-elle qu’une étape préalable, subordonnée à l’insertion dans l’emploi, ou au contraire, constitue-t-elle une dimension à part entière, reconnue comme une activité autonome ? Cette question se pose de manière cruciale en Région wallonne (Belgique), étant donné que dans le cadre d’une société où il y a moins de postes que de travailleurs, la recherche d’alternatives à l’emploi devient une préoccupation croissante, justifiée par la nécessité de préserver l’individu des effets dévastateurs de l’exclusion sociale qui accompagne souvent l’absence d’emploi. Dans ce chapitre est traitée la question de la lutte contre les effets de la marginalisation sur le développement personnel, social et professionnel d’individus considérés comme provisoirement « inemployables ». À cet effet, une recherche évaluative a été menée en Région wallonne dans le cadre d’une politique publique destinée à faciliter leur insertion sociale. Comparant un groupe d’usagers et de non-usagers d’activités d’insertion sociale, la recherche met en évidence que le fait de prendre part, quand on est chômeur, à une activité d’insertion sociale peut protéger l’individu, dans une certaine mesure, contre le sentiment d’isolement et l’altération de sa santé mentale. La réduction du sentiment de stigmatisation sociale, ainsi que le renforcement des perceptions de soutien social observés chez les usagers des dispositifs se révèlent être des processus importants non seulement pour préserver leur bien-être psychologique mais également pour favoriser leur rapprochement de l’emploi.
Les médiations thérapeutiques
Authors: Brun Anne 
Published: December 2014

La délocalisation est devenue un problème d’actualité, pourtant il ne s’agit pas d’un phénomène nouveau. La délocalisation « traditionnelle » était confondue avec l’investissement direct à l’étranger motivé par l’accès au marché ou par la réduction des coûts. La structure organisationnelle des firmes multinationales (FMN) était internalisée et verticale. La délocalisation financière qui est induite par les fusions-acquisitions et les opérations de LBO conduit à une externalisation de certaines activités. Elle répond à d’autres motifs et s’appuie sur une structure en réseau horizontalisée. Cette évolution pose la question du maintien de l’avantage compétitif de la firme qui perd ainsi ses activités manufacturières et de R&D, déplacées vers les économies émergentes. Ne conduit-elle pas dans un futur proche, d’une part, à une substitution du « private capital » aux FMN industrielles et, de l’autre, à une place stratégique des droits de propriété intellectuelle ?
Famille, culture et handicap
Authors: Korff-Sausse Simone 
Published: December 2014

L’auteur se propose d’étudier comment chaque culture a une manière spécifique de traiter la situation du handicap et plus particulièrement le degré de tolérance et d’intolérance à son égard. Il s’agit de repérer les origines profondes et cachées de l’intolérance, qui sont liées aux représentations inconscientes, aussi bien individuelles que collectives, qui font de la personne atteinte d’un handicap une figure de l’inquiétante étrangeté, source d’angoisse, et donc susceptible de susciter des réactions d’intolérance. Comment passer de l’intolérance à la tolérance ? Ce passage sollicite l’identification et la capacité d’empathie comme modalité de prise de connaissance de ce qui se passe chez l’autre, différent. L’intolérance pose la question du Mal. L’auteur s’intéressera aux origines infantiles du sens du Bien et du Mal, au moyen d’observations d’enfants (une « sociologie du premier âge »), et les réflexions de Winnicott.
Famille, culture et handicap
Authors: Ciccone Albert 
Published: December 2014

Outre la culture sociale ou sociétale, on peut décrire une « culture » intrafamiliale et une « culture » individuelle. La culpabilité que génère la rencontre avec le handicap, et que l’on retrouve d’une manière ou d’une autre quelle que soit la culture, est traitée par des fantasmes qui puisent leurs représentations dans la culture non seulement sociale ou sociétale, mais aussi familiale et individuelle de chaque sujet. Les fantasmes de culpabilité ont pour fonction d’atténuer l’impact traumatique de l’expérience et de soutenir un travail d’appropriation et de subjectivation. Ils se saisissent des culpabilités actuelles et historiques, liées en particulier au rapport à la mort et à la sexualité. Ils peuvent conduire au dépassement d’une position dépressive si les conditions d’un partage des affects de culpabilité sont réunies. Un exemple illustre ces considérations.
Ne réinventons pas la roue : la recherche d'une identité pour l'administration publique
Authors: Yair Zalmanovitch 
Published: December 2014

Pendant des années, l’administration publique a souffert d’une crise d’identité. Dans le présent article, nous soutenons que l’identité de l’administration publique existe en réalité sous forme de fragments abandonnés et souvent négligés de connaissances bien établies. Nous proposons de rassembler ces fragments et de les organiser au moyen d’une logique qui donnera corps à une identité pour l’administration publique. Notre approche consiste à voir l’administration publique comme une science sociale de résultats, et non comme une profession s’appuyant sur un point de vue générique. Nous soutenons qu’il existe un système trialectique de relations entre trois piliers de l’administration publique : le politique, le juridique et le managérial. Les interrelations entre ces piliers produisent des configurations, des dispositifs temporaires portant sur des questions bien précises. À tout moment, un pilier peut prendre le dessus par rapport aux deux autres. Ces variations ne doivent pas être considérées comme une crise d’identité. Nous proposons plutôt dans le présent article un programme de recherche en vue d’examiner l’identité du domaine au moyen d’études historiques longitudinales dans lesquelles des configurations peuvent être identifiées afin de déterminer les conditions et les circonstances qui ont conduit aux variations dans l’importance des piliers. Plus nous accumulerons de connaissances, mieux nous pourrons développer une approche raisonnable en matière d’administration publique et l’affranchir des allégations souvent répétées relatives à une crise identitaire. Remarques à l’intention des praticiens Ils doivent avoir conscience de la logique présentée dans le présent article. Une logique qui considère l’identité de l’administration publique non sur le plan générique, mais plutôt comme un domaine d’enquête influe. Elle doit être considérée comme une science sociale de résultats dont les politiciens se servent pour résoudre les problèmes des citoyens. Par conséquent, dans les démocraties, les trois piliers (le juridique, le managérial et le politique) sont en interaction constante, et composent toute une série de configurations d’administration publique. La cyclicité configurative doit être considérée comme l’état normal, naturel de l’administration publique. La normalité signifie qu’une configuration temporaire des trois piliers de base du domaine ne témoigne pas d’une crise d’identité, mais constitue une variation provisoire des interrelations dans des circonstances et des conditions particulières.
Abelian Surfaces with an Automorphism and Quaternionic Multiplication
Authors: Alfonso Bonfanti Matteo , van Geemen Bert 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe construct one-dimensional families of Abelian surfaces with quaternionic multiplication, which also have an automorphism of order three or four. Using Barth's description of the moduli space of (2,4)-	polarized Abelian surfaces, we find the Shimura curve parametrizing these
Abelian surfaces in a specific case. We explicitly relate these surfaces to the Jacobians of genus two
curves studied by Hashimoto and Murabayashi. We also describe a (Humbert) surface in Barth's
moduli space that parametrizes Abelian surfaces with real multiplication by .
L-functions for Quadratic Characters and Annihilation of Motivic Cohomology Groups
Authors: Sands Jonathan W. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractLet n be a positive even integer, and let F be a totally real number field and L be an abelian Galois extension which is totally real or CM. Fix a finite set S of primes of F containing the infinite primes and all those which ramify in L, and let SL denote the primes of L lying above those in S. Then OSL denotes the ring of SL-integers of L. Suppose that ψ is a quadratic character of the Galois group of L over F. Under the assumption of the motivic Lichtenbaum conjecture, we obtain a nontrivial annihilator of the motivic cohomology group from the lead term of the Taylor series for the S-modified Artin L-function .
Nosces Fabios certamine ab uno: The Tale of the Three Hundred Fabii in Punica 7
Authors: Marks Raymond D. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Silius alludes to the tale of the three hundred Fabii, recounted toward the beginning of Punica 7, in the military operations of Fabius and Hannibal that comprise the principle action of the book. In doing so, he differentiates Fabius from his ancestors and their enemy in the tale, the Veientes, and, instead, identifies Hannibal with both of these historical exempla. By weaving the tale into the book’s primary narrative, he also rewrites the story and gives it a new, victorious conclusion: by defeating Hannibal at Gerunium at the book’s end, Fabius Maximus reverses his ancestors’ defeat at the Cremera river.
Swarm-based Descriptor Combination and its Application for Image Classification
Authors: Mansano Alex Fernandes , Matsuoka Jessica Akemi , Abiuzzi Nikolas Mota , Afonso Luis Claudio Sugi , Papa Joao Paulo , Faria Fábio A , Torres Ricardo Silva , Falcao Alexandre Xavier 
Published: December 2014

In this paper, we deal with the descriptor combination problem in image classification tasks. This problem refers to the definition of an appropriate combination of image content descriptors that characterize different visual properties, such as color, shape and texture. In this paper, we propose to model the descriptor combination as a swarm-based optimization problem, which finds out the set of parameters that maximizes the classification accuracy of the Optimum-Path Forest (OPF) classifier. In our model, a descriptor is seen as a pair composed of a feature extraction algorithm and a suitable distance function. Our strategy here is to combine distance scores defined by different descriptors, as well as to employ them to weight OPF edges, which connect samples in the feature space. An extensive evaluation of several swarm-based optimization techniques was performed. Experimental results have demonstrated the robustness of the proposed combination approach.
Design Flaws and Service System Breakdowns: Learning from Systems Thinking
Authors: Ing David 
Published: December 2014

In what ways might systems thinking be helpful to designers? In the 21st century, the types of project with which designers have become engaged has expanded to include service systems. Service systems are typically composites of mechanisms, organisms, human beings and ecologies. Systems thinking is a perspective with theories, methods and practices that enables transcending disciplinary boundaries. Application of systems thinking in designing a service system can aid in surfacing potential flaws and/or anticipating future breakdowns in functions, structures and/or processes. Designers and systems thinkers should work together to improve the nature of service systems. As a starter set into these conversations, seven conditions are proposed as a starting context. These conditions are presented neither as rigourously defined nor as exhaustive, but as an entry point into future joint engagement.
Observation of polar cap patches and calculation of gradient drift instability growth times: A Swarm case study
Authors: Spicher A. , Cameron T. , Grono E. M. , Yakymenko K. N. , Buchert S. C. , Clausen L. B. N. , Knudsen D. J. , McWilliams K. A. , Moen J. I. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe Swarm mission represents a strong new tool to survey polar cap patches and plasma structuring inside the polar cap. In the early commissioning phase, the three Swarm satellites were operated in a pearls‐on‐a‐string configuration making noon‐midnight transpolar passes. This provides an unparalleled opportunity to examine the potential role of the gradient drift instability (GDI) process on polar cap patches by systematically calculating GDI growth times during their transit across the pole from day to night. Steep kilometer‐scale gradients appeared in this study as initial structures that persisted during the approximate 90 min it took a patch to cross the polar cap. The GDI growth times were calculated for a selection of the steep density gradients on both the dayside and the nightside. The values ranged from 23 s to 147 s, which is consistent with recent rocket measurements in the cusp auroral region and provides a template for future studies. Growth times of the order of 1 min found both on the dayside and on the nightside support the existing view that the GDI may play a dominant role in the generation of radio wave scintillation irregularities as the patches transit the polar cap from day to night.
From quiescence to unrest: 20 years of satellite geodetic measurements at Santorini volcano, Greece
Authors: Parks Michelle M. , Moore James D. P. , Papanikolaou Xanthos , Biggs Juliet , Mather Tamsin A. , Pyle David M. , Raptakis Costas , Paradissis Demitris , Hooper Andrew , Parsons Barry , Nomikou Paraskevi 
Published: December 2014

AbstractPeriods of unrest at caldera‐forming volcanic systems characterized by increased rates of seismicity and deformation are well documented. Some can be linked to eventual eruptive activity, while others are followed by a return to quiescence. Here we use a 20 year record of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) and GPS measurements from Santorini volcano to further our understanding of geodetic signals at a caldera‐forming volcano during the periods of both quiescence and unrest, with measurements spanning a phase of quiescence and slow subsidence (1993–2010), followed by a phase of unrest (January 2011 to April 2012) with caldera‐wide inflation and seismicity. Mean InSAR velocity maps from 1993–2010 indicate an average subsidence rate of ~6 mm/yr over the southern half of the intracaldera island Nea Kameni. This subsidence can be accounted for by a combination of thermal contraction of the 1866–1870 lava flows and load‐induced relaxation of the substrate. For the period of unrest, we use a joint inversion technique to convert InSAR measurements from three separate satellite tracks and GPS observations from 10 continuous sites into a time series of subsurface volume change. The optimal location of the inflating source is consistent with previous studies, situated north of Nea Kameni at a depth of ~4 km. However, the time series reveals two distinct pressure pulses. The first pulse corresponds to a volume change (ΔV) within the shallow magma chamber of (11.56 ± 0.14) × 106 m3, and the second pulse has a ΔV of (9.73 ± 0.10) × 106 m3. The relationship between the timing of these pulses and microseismicity observations suggests that these pulses may be driven by two separate batches of magma supplied to a shallow reservoir. We find no evidence suggesting a change in source location between the two pulses. The decline in the rates of volume change at the end of both pulses and the observed lag of the deformation signal behind cumulative seismicity, suggest a viscoelastic response. We use a simple model to show that two separate pulses of magma intruding into a shallow magma chamber surrounded by a viscoelastic shell can account for the observed temporal variation in cumulative volume change and seismicity throughout the period of unrest. Given the similarities between the geodetic signals observed here and at other systems, this viscoelastic model has potential use for understanding behavior at other caldera systems.
Changes in the mesoscale variability and in extreme sea levels over two decades as observed by satellite altimetry
Authors: Woodworth Philip L. , Menéndez Melisa 
Published: December 2014

AbstractA data set of precise radar altimeter sea surface heights obtained from the same 10 day repeat ground track has been analyzed to determine the magnitude of change in the ocean “mesoscale” variability over two decades. Trends in the standard deviation of sea surface height variability each year are found to be small (typically ∼0.5 percent/yr) throughout the global ocean. Trends in positive and negative extreme sea level in each region are in general found to be similar to those of mean sea level, with some small regional exceptions. Generalized Extreme Value Distribution (GEVD) analysis also demonstrates that spatial variations in the statistics of extreme positive sea levels are determined largely by the corresponding spatial variations in mean sea level changes, and are related to regional modes of the climate system such as the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation. Trends in the standard deviation of along‐track sea level gradient variability are found to be close to zero on a global basis, with regional exceptions. Altogether our findings suggest an ocean mesoscale variability that displays little change when considered over an extended period of two decades, but that is superimposed on a spatially and temporally varying signal of mean sea level change.
Spatial patterning of bone stiffness in the anterior mandibular corpus of Macaca fascicularis: Implications for models of bone adaptation
Authors: Daegling David J. , Granatosky Michael C. , McGraw W. Scott 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTElastic modulus of bone from the anterior mandibular corpus was determined via microindentation in a mixed‐sex ontogenetic sample (N = 14) of Macaca fascicularis. This investigation focused on the hypothesis that material heterogeneity in the macaque mandibular symphysis—provided an accounting of age and sex variation—is explicable as a means to homogenize strains in this region. Experimental data and theoretical models of masticatory loading indicate that in the absence of material compensation, large strain gradients exist in the anterior mandibular corpus of macaques, particularly between lingual and labial cortical plates owing to the effects of lateral transverse bending. Microindentation data indicate that juvenile macaques possess less stiff bone than their subadult and adult counterparts; however, sex differences in elastic modulus are not apparent. Anisotropy variation is idiosyncratic; that is, there is not a common pattern of variation in stiffness sampled among orthogonal planes across individuals. Similarly, differences in stiffness between lingual and labial cortical plates, as well as differences among alveolar, midcorpus, and basal regions are inconsistently observed. Consequently, we find little evidence in support of the hypothesis that spatial variation in bone stiffness functions to homogenize strains in the anterior corpus; in fact, in some individuals, this spatial variation serves to exacerbate, rather than to minimize, strain gradients. The mechanical benefit of elastic modulus variation in the macaque mandibular symphysis is unclear; this variation may not confer adaptive benefit in terms of structural integrity despite the fact that such variation has discernible functional consequences. Am J Phys Anthropol 156:649–660, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tailoring of structures and permeation properties of asymmetric nanocomposite cellulose acetate/silver membranes
Authors: Figueiredo Ana Sofia , Sánchez‐Loredo María Guadalupe , Maurício António , Pereira Manuel F. C. , Minhalma Miguel , de Pinho Maria Norberta 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTCellulose acetate (CA)–silver (Ag) nanocomposite asymmetric membranes were prepared via the wet‐phase inversion method by dispersing polyvinylpirrolydone‐protected Ag nanoparticles in the membrane casting solutions of different compositions. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized ex situ and added to the casting solution as a concentrated aqueous colloidal dispersion. The effects of the dispersion addition on the structure and on the selective permeation properties of the membranes were studied by comparing the nanocomposites with the silver‐free materials. The casting solution composition played an important role in the adequate dispersion of the silver nanoparticles in the membrane. Incorporation of nanoscale silver and the final silver content resulted in structural changes leading to an increase in the hydraulic permeability and molecular weight cut‐off of the nanocomposite membranes. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41796.
Output Consensus of Heterogeneous Linear Multi‐agent Systems Subject to Different Disturbances
Authors: Li Shaobao , Feng Gang , Luo Xiaoyuan , Guan Xinping 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis paper investigates the output consensus problem of heterogeneous linear multi‐agent systems with individual agents subject to different disturbances. A distributed control law based on internal reference models and dynamic output feedback is presented for output consensus. It is shown that the embedded internal reference models of agents can achieve consensus to a common trajectory which is determined by the underlying system topology and the initial states of the internal reference models. Then a necessary and sufficient condition is presented for output consensus of heterogeneous linear multi‐agent systems. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control laws.
Spline Based Pseudo‐Inversion of Sampled Data Non‐Minimum Phase Systems for an Almost Exact Output Tracking
Authors: Jetto Leopoldo , Orsini Valentina , Romagnoli Raffaele 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis paper considers the problem of achieving a very accurate tracking of a pre‐specified desired output trajectory
, for linear, multiple input multiple output, non‐minimum phase and/or non hyperbolic, sampled data, and closed loop control systems. The proposed approach is situated in the general framework of model stable inversion and introduces significant novelties with the purpose of reducing some theoretical and numerical limitations inherent in the methods usually proposed. In particular, the new method does not require either a preactuation or null initial conditions of the system. The desired
and the corresponding sought input are partitioned in a transient component (
and ut(k), respectively) and steady‐state (
and us(k), respectively). The desired transient component
is freely assigned without requiring it to be null over an initial time interval. This drastically reduces the total settling time. The structure of ut(k) is a priori assumed to be given by a sampled smoothing spline function. The spline coefficients are determined as the least‐squares solution of the over‐determined system of linear equations obtained imposing that the sampled spline function assumed as reference input yield the desired output over a properly defined transient interval. The steady‐state input us(k) is directly analytically computed exploiting the steady‐state output response expressions for inputs belonging to the same set of
.