bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative study on periodic immersion+infrared aging corrosion behavior of Q345qNH steel and Q420qNH steel in simulated industrial atmospheric environment medium
Authors: Guo T. , Yang H. , Wu W. , Liu X. , Nan X. , Hu Y. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe corrosion behavior of Q345qNH steel and Q420qNH steel in simulated industrial atmospheric environment medium was studied by periodic immersion+infrared aging corrosion experiment. The results show that the corrosion type of both samples is uneven comprehensive corrosion, and the rust layer formed in the later stage of corrosion is relatively dense. But average corrosion rate of Q345qNH steel is always lower than that of Q420qNH steel, and the ratio of Iα‐FeOOH/Iγ‐FeOOH in rust layer is always higher. Compared with Q420qNH steel, Q345qNH steel has fewer surface pits but deeper local pits. The self‐corrosion potential of Q345qNH steel increases obviously, the resistance of the rust layer is larger, and protection to the matrix is stronger. This is because the formation of a large number of corrosion microcells induced by fine lamellar sorbite tissue that uneven distributed in Q420qNH steel, which increases the corrosion rate and makes corrosion uneven, while the larger pearlitic group in Q345qNH steel increases the local corrosion rate. However, the higher chromium/carbon ratio in Q345qNH steel promotes the conversion of lepidocrocite to goethite and inhibits the cathode reaction in the infrared drying stage, improving the density and stability of the rust layer.
Targeting Hippo/YAP in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Promising molecules in cancer therapy
Authors: Ma Xing , Zhou Yangyang , Li Ruping , Ding Xianmin , Li Deyu , Pan Tingting , Zhang Fuqiang , Li Wenliang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe tumorigenesis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) has been identified to be exceptionally involved in dysregulated Hippo/Yes‐associated protein (YAP) signaling pathway (Hippo/YAP). Hippo/YAP functions as a master regulator engaged in a plethora of physiological and oncogenic processes as well. Therefore, the aberrant Hippo/YAP could serve as an Achilles' heel regarding the molecular therapeutic avenues for ICC patients. Herein, we comprehensively review the recent studies about the underlying mechanism of disrupted Hippo/YAP in ICC, how diagnostic values could be utilized upon the critical genes in this pathway, and what opportunities could be given upon this target pathway.
The anthraquinone derivative KA‐4s reduces energy metabolism and enhances the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin
Authors: Zhao Yingdan , Li Xinxiao , Xu Shumei , Yang Yingying , Chen Qiangjian , Li Junying , Tian Wei , Zhang Qiuping , Hou Huaxin , Li Danrong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOvarian cancer is the leading cause of death from female gynecological cancers. Cisplatin (DDP) is a first‐line drug for ovarian cancer treatment. Due to DDP resistance, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic drugs with improved antitumor activity. AMPK‐mediated metabolic regulatory pathways are related to tumor drug resistance. Our study aimed to determine the relationship between reversing DDP resistance with the anthraquinone derivative KA‐4s and regulating AMPK energy metabolism in ovarian cancer. The results showed that KA‐4s inhibited the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. The combination of KA‐4s with DDP effectively promoted drug‐resistant ovarian cancer cell apoptosis and inhibited cell migration and invasion. Moreover, KA‐4s decreased the intracellular ATP level and increased the calcium ion level, leading to AMPK phosphorylation. Further studies suggested that the AMPK signaling pathway may be involved in the mechanism through which KA‐4s reduce drug resistance. KA‐4s inhibited mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis; downregulated the glucose metabolism‐related proteins GLUT1 and GLUT4; the lipid metabolism‐related proteins SREBP1 and SCD1; and the drug resistance‐related proteins P‐gp, MRP1, and LRP. The inhibitory effect of KA‐4s on GLUT1 was confirmed by the application of the GLUT1 inhibitor BAY‐876. KA‐4s combined with DDP significantly increased the expression of p‐AMPK and reduced the expression of P‐gp. In a xenograft model of ovarian cancer, treatment with KA‐4s combined with DDP reduced energy metabolism and drug resistance, inducing tumor apoptosis. Consequently, KA‐4s might be evaluated as a new agent for enhancing the chemotherapeutic efficacy of treatment for ovarian cancer.
Effect of Early Levodopa Treatment on Mortality in People with Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Talebi Amir H. , Darweesh Sirwan K.L. , Bloem Bas R. , Bucur Ioan G. , Heskes Tom 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe ideal timing for initiating levodopa in newly diagnosed people with Parkinson's disease (PD) is uncertain due to limited data on the long‐term effects of levodopa.ObjectiveThe aim was to investigate whether early levodopa initiation postpones mortality (primary outcome), the requirement of device‐aided therapies, and the incidence of PD‐related complications, such as fall‐induced injuries.MethodsUsing nationwide claims data from Dutch hospitals (2012–2020), we grouped newly diagnosed PD individuals as “early initiators” (initiating levodopa within 2 years of diagnosis) or “nonearly initiators.” We used the national death registry to assess mortality and health‐care claims to assess PD‐related complications and device‐aided therapies. We used marginal structural models to compare mortality and device‐aided therapy rates between groups, and a Poisson regression model to compare PD‐related complication rates.ResultsAmong 29,943 newly diagnosed PD individuals (mean age at diagnosis: 71.6, 38.5% female), there were 24,847 early and 5096 nonearly levodopa initiators. Over a median 4.25 years, 8109 (27.1%) died. The causal risk ratio for mortality was 1.04 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.92–1.19) for early versus nonearly initiators. The risk ratio of receiving any device‐aided therapy was 3.19 (95% CI 2.56–5.80). No association was observed with incidence of PD‐related complications (incidence rate ratio: 1.00, 95% CI 0.96–1.05).ConclusionsEarly levodopa initiation in PD does neither postpone nor accelerate mortality or PD‐related complications, nor does it precipitate earlier occurrence of PD‐related complications or mortality. However, we cannot exclude that the results were influenced by residual confounding due to unmeasured risk factors of mortality.
Implications of the stigma of mental illness for professional knowledge development and practice: An Interprofessional Health Education framework from structural violence perspectives
Authors: Gyamfi Sebastian , Forchuk Cheryl , Luginaah Isaac 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPersons with mental illness (PWMI) continue to encounter stigma from the public with negative outcomes. Recent stigma discourse points to power differentials as key in shaping stigma related to mental illness within social settings. The perceived social injustice towards PWMI is known to exist both anecdotally and in documented discourses. Stigma constitutes the product of public attitudes and behaviors that characterize labeling, stereotyping, prejudice, cognitive separation, status loss, and discrimination that lead to responses that may include stress and esteem‐related appraisal of experienced, anticipated, perceived, or personal endorsement of societal actions that are anchored by existing power relational differentials. The potential consequence of such societal injustices (unfair treatments) towards PWMI may result in stigma and its sequels, including low socioeconomic status, stress, low self‐esteem, unemployment, homelessness, exclusion, and human rights abuse. This paper proposes an Interprofessional Health Education framework and discusses the implications of such unfair social treatments for Professional knowledge development and practice among healthcare professionals, with the view to improving collaboration and patient care outcomes. A more collaborative model of care, where service users and clinicians regard each other as knowledgeable with shared power to achieve healthy outcomes, empowers patients even more in areas where they fall short.
Weighted ultrasound entropy imaging for HIFU ablation monitoring with improved sensitivity and contrast
Authors: Zhou Yingying , Yang Kun , Xu Jiahong , Cai Dejia , Zhou Xiaowei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough B‐mode imaging has been widely used in ultrasound‐guided high‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment, challenges remain in improving its quality and sensitivity for monitoring the thermal dose. Recently, quantitative ultrasound (QUS) imaging has been recognized with the potential to better sense the changes in the microstructure of ablated tissues.PurposeThis study proposed to use a QUS method called weighted ultrasound entropy (WUE) imaging to monitor the HIFU ablation.MethodsBased on ex‐vivo and in‐vivo experiments, WUE images reflecting tissue changes during HIFU treatment under different acoustic power levels (174–308 W) were reconstructed with a newly established imaging framework. The performance of the proposed WUE imaging in the monitoring of HIFU treatment was compared with the corresponding B‐mode images in terms of their contrast‐to‐noise ratios (CNRs) between the focal region and the background.ResultsIt was found that HIFU irradiation with higher power generated larger WUE values in the focal region, and the bright spots grew in size as the acoustic sonication proceeded. Compared with the in‐situ B‐mode images, the WUE images had higher image quality in indicating lesion formation, with a 39.2%–53.4% improvement in the CNR at different stages. Meanwhile, a correlation (R = 0.84) between the damage area estimated in WUE images and that measured from the dissected ex‐vivo tissue samples was found.ConclusionsWUE imaging is more sensitive and accurate than B‐mode imaging in monitoring HIFU therapy. These findings suggest that WUE imaging could be a promising technique for assisting ultrasound‐guided HIFU ablation.
High‐order in‐cell discontinuous reconstruction path‐conservative methods for nonconservative hyperbolic systems–DR.MOOD method
Authors: Pimentel‐García Ernesto , Castro Manuel J. , Chalons Christophe , Parés Carlos 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this work, we develop a new framework to deal numerically with discontinuous solutions in nonconservative hyperbolic systems. First an extension of the MOOD methodology to nonconservative systems based on Taylor expansions is presented. This extension combined with an in‐cell discontinuous reconstruction operator are the key points to develop a new family of high‐order methods that are able to capture exactly isolated shocks. Several test cases are proposed to validate these methods for the Modified Shallow Water equations and the Two‐Layer Shallow Water system.
Zwitterionic ZnO nanoparticles: Novel additives to synthesize high performance and fouling resistance thin‐film nanocomposite forward osmosis membrane
Authors: Shirazi Sadaf , Shakeri Alireza , Bonsale Rozgol , Razavi Reza , Salehi Hasan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMeeting the ever‐increasing need for clean water requires developing highly effective thin‐film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes with outstanding water permeability, selectivity, and good fouling resistance. In this work, ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized and coated with zwitterionic lysine amino acid (ZnO‐lysine) and then incorporated into a polyamide layer to improve their performance as well as to alleviate fouling. The organic shell on the ZnO‐lysine surface promoted the PA layer's interaction with ZnO‐lysine nanoparticles. TFN membranes demonstrated hydrophilic and smooth polyamide layers with improved permeability and selectivity. In particular, the TFN membranes' enhanced hydrophilicity and smooth surface synergized fouling reduction. In comparison to the bare TFC membrane (12.2 LMH) using 1 M NaCl as the draw solution, the ZnO‐lysine‐modified TFN‐ZL.400 membrane (21.1 LMH) yields a water flux that is 75% greater. In the polyamide layer, the zwitterionic functional groups of ZnO‐lysine not only improved the nanoparticles' chemical compatibility, preventing the creation of nonselective gaps, but also enhanced water flux and salt rejection. This study provides insight into the creation of zwitterionic‐functionalized nanoparticles that can successfully address fouling issues and trade‐off restrictions between selectivity and permeability in TFN membranes.
Spatial effects of infiltrating T cells on neighbouring cancer cells and prognosis in stage III CRC patients
Authors: Azimi Mohammadreza , Cho Sanghee , Bozkurt Emir , McDonough Elizabeth , Kisakol Batuhan , Matveeva Anna , Salvucci Manuela , Dussmann Heiko , McDade Simon , Firat Canan , Urganci Nil , Shia Jinru , Longley Daniel B , Ginty Fiona , Prehn Jochen HM 
Published: August 2024

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequently occurring cancers, but prognostic biomarkers identifying patients at risk of recurrence are still lacking. In this study, we aimed to investigate in more detail the spatial relationship between intratumoural T cells, cancer cells, and cancer cell hallmarks as prognostic biomarkers in stage III colorectal cancer patients. We conducted multiplexed imaging of 56 protein markers at single‐cell resolution on resected fixed tissue from stage III CRC patients who received adjuvant 5‐fluorouracil (5FU)‐based chemotherapy. Images underwent segmentation for tumour, stroma, and immune cells, and cancer cell ‘state’ protein marker expression was quantified at a cellular level. We developed a Python package for estimation of spatial proximity, nearest neighbour analysis focusing on cancer cell–T‐cell interactions at single‐cell level. In our discovery cohort (Memorial Sloan Kettering samples), we processed 462 core samples (total number of cells: 1,669,228) from 221 adjuvant 5FU‐treated stage III patients. The validation cohort (Huntsville Clearview Cancer Center samples) consisted of 272 samples (total number of cells: 853,398) from 98 stage III CRC patients. While there were trends for an association between the percentage of cytotoxic T cells (across the whole cancer core), it did not reach significance (discovery cohort: p = 0.07; validation cohort: p = 0.19). We next utilised our region‐based nearest neighbour approach to determine the spatial relationships between cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells, and cancer cell clusters. In both cohorts, we found that shorter distance between cytotoxic T cells, T helper cells, and cancer cells was significantly associated with increased disease‐free survival. An unsupervised trained model that clustered patients based on the median distance between immune cells and cancer cells, as well as protein expression profiles, successfully classified patients into low‐risk and high‐risk groups (discovery cohort: p = 0.01; validation cohort: p = 0.003). © 2024 The Author(s). The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Enhanced mechanical property and flame retardancy of halogen‐free PE/EVA composites through crosslinking and carbon fiber inclusion
Authors: Du Ao , Chen Hongmei , Chen Jie , Wang Bo , Cai Zeyun , Qiu Hua‐Jun , Xie Guoqiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDue to the exceptional flame retardancy, environmental protection, cost‐effectiveness, and ease of processing, halogen‐free flame‐retardant polyethylene (PE) composites are attracting wide attention. However, the addition of halogen‐free flame retardants usually leads to significantly decreased mechanical properties of PE composites, which greatly limits its application. Herein, we report a halogen‐free flame‐retardant PE/ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer composite (PE/EVA) with excellent flame retardancy and mechanical properties by combining compatibilizer, crosslinking agent, and carbon fiber. The presence of compatibilizer not only improves the compatibility of halogen‐free flame retardants and matrix, but also interacts with the crosslinking agent to form a cladding structure on the surface of carbon fiber. The enhanced interaction between carbon fiber surface and matrix then results in significantly enhanced flame retardancy and mechanical properties of the composite. Specifically, adding 4 phr compatibilizer, 0.5 phr crosslinking agent, and 10 phr carbon fiber will lead to the halogen‐free flame‐retardant PE/EVA composite with a UL‐94 V‐1 level, limiting oxygen index of 27.1, and an increased tensile strength by 84.02% reaching 19.12 MPa. Moreover, further carbon fiber surface modification can further enhance the flame retardancy of the composite probably due to a synergistic flame‐retardant effect caused by the surface modified nitrogen and silicon elements. As a result, the composite achieves UL‐94 V‐0 level and the limiting oxygen index of 27.7 with well‐retained high tensile strength of 15.19 MPa. This work provides a practical strategy for enhancing the flame retardancy and mechanical property of PE‐based composite simultaneously.Highlights
Compatibilizer interacts with crosslinking agent to form a cladding structure on the surface of carbon fiber.
Crosslinking agent promotes the formation of chemical bonds between modified carbon fiber, compatibilizer, and matrix.
Carbon fiber surface modification can enhance the flame retardancy of the composite due to the synergistic flame‐retardant effect.
DeoxyriboNucleic acid‐enhanced carbon nanotube dispersed epoxy resin composites: Mechanical and thermal properties study
Authors: Li Qianxi , Peng Xiong , Zhong Xingu , Zhou Yi , Luo Tianye , Zhang Xinke 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe homogeneous dispersion of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in a polymer matrix significantly affects the overall properties of composites. In this study, MWCNTs/epoxy (EP) composites were prepared using DeoxyriboNucleic acid (DNA) as a dispersant. The MWCNTs were uniformly dispersed in a phenalkamine curing agent and crosslinked with an epoxy resin matrix. The non‐covalent functionalization of DNA‐dispersed MWCNTs was confirmed by characterizing both the pristine and DNA‐modified MWCNTs. Additionally, the dispersion state and stability of MWCNTs in the curing agent solution were evaluated. Tensile strength and single‐lap‐shear (SLS) were employed to assess the mechanical properties of the composites. The results indicated that the DNA‐dispersed MWCNTs composites exhibited superior strength and toughness, with tensile and shear strengths of 46.81 and 19.64 MPa, respectively, at optimal ratios. These values represent increases of 68.38% and 50.96% compared to pure EP. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) revealed that the energy storage modulus of DNA‐dispersed MWCNTs/EP composites increased to 2722 MPa, a 24.7% enhancement over pure EP. Furthermore, the thermal properties of the composites were thoroughly investigated. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that the initial decomposition temperature of the DNA‐assisted dispersed composites rose to 330°C. The macromolecular relaxation of the EP materials occurred at higher temperatures, leading to an increased glass transition temperature.Highlights
DNA was used to disperse MWCNTs in phenalkamine curing agent.
MWCNTs/EP composites were made by crosslinking DNA‐dispersed MWCNTs with epoxy resin.
DNA‐dispersed MWCNTs boosted tensile and lap shear strength.
Thermal properties improved due to DNA‐dispersed MWCNTs, and increased the energy storage modulus of the composite.
Mechanical and thermal properties of rice husk/glass fiber/polylactic acid composites
Authors: Sun Yufeng , Zhang Ziheng , Wang Jinwei , Liu Hengyu , Shi Dongming , Liu Mingyang , Ying Jilai , Mu Wenlong , Li Defeng , Wu Song 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPolylactic acid (PLA) composites reinforced with rice husk and glass fiber can improve the properties in the aera of the material for vehicle application. In this work, the PLA composite was made and its properties were evaluated using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). SEM observed that the polymer matrix contained a uniform dispersion of 10 wt% rice husks. The tensile strength and bending strength of the composite are 45.8 and 48.2 MPa, respectively, which are 52% and 41% higher than that of the base material PLA. TGA revealed that the thermal stability of the composite deteriorated with increasing rice husk content. The DTG curve indicated that the incorporation of rice husk and glass fiber led to a reduction in the maximum degradation rate of the PLA matrix. As a result, the thermal degradation of the PLA composite exhibited enhanced stability. The average apparent activation energy (Ea) of the composite, determined using the Friedman (FD), Flynn Wall Ozawa (FWO), Starink (ST), and Kissinger (KS) models, falls within the range of 90 to 120 kJ mol−1.Highlights
Silane coupling agent was used to improve the interfacial compatibility of fillers.
The synergistic action of rice husk and glass fiber fillers enhances the mechanical properties of polylactic acid composites.
The mean apparent activation energy (Ea) of the composite was calculated using four models, with values in the range of 90 to 120 kJ mol−1.
The Flynn Wall Ozawa and Starink models showed better stability against temperature changes compared to the Friedman model.
Effective recovery of limonene‐rich concentrate from lemon residues using terpene‐based deep eutectic solvents based on statistical experimental design
Authors: Horuzoğlu Melike Meryem , Satılmış Sefanur , Kurtulbaş Ebru , Şahin Selin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionWaste by‐products of the juice industry appear valuable for the circular economy concept, considering that the peel accounts for almost half of the total fruit weight. Therefore, the recovery of these highly valuable components from relevant biowaste has become a very interesting research topic.ObjectiveThe current study aims to develop an extraction process integrated with hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (DES) based on statistical experimental design approach.Material and methodsHomogenizer‐assissted extraction (HAE) was used to recover the citrus extract rich in limonene (the main component of the volatile mixture) from lemon peels. Menthol‐based deep eutectic mixtures were accompanied by carboxylic acids (formic, acetic, and propionic acids). Optimization continued on the combination that gave the highest efficiency (in terms of limonene content) among the solvents prepared at different molar ratios (1/1, 1/2, and 2/1). Process parameters were analyzed to optimize the process through central composite design with response surface method (RSM). D‐Limonene yield was quantified with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) with solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) technique. The quality of the lemon peel extracts was also evaluated with respect to in vitro bioactivity assays (phenolic content and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] free radical scavenging activity).ResultsThe maximum yield (3.80 mg‐limonene per g fresh sample) was achieved by 2 mg solid/30 mL DES, ~53 sec, and ~8500 rpm. Statistically most effective variable was identified as solid mass, followed by second powers of mixing speed and extraction time at p < 0.0001.