bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compounds Derived from 5‐Fluoropyridine and Benzo[b]thiophene: Killing Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Reducing its Virulence
Authors: Dong Hong‐Mei , Chen Jun‐Xian , Cai Yu‐Xiang , Tian Li‐Xia , Yang Zai‐Chang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe rise of drug‐resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has extended the duration of tuberculosis (TB) treatment and reduced the likelihood of cure. One strategy to combat this issue is the development of inhibitors targeting the virulence factors of bacterial pathogens. Mtb’ catalase (KatG) is crucial for its detoxification mechanisms and also serves as a significant virulence factor for the bacterium. In this study, twelve derivatives synthesized from 5‐fluoropyridine and benzo[b]thiophene demonstrated antimycobacterial efficacy with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) varying between 0.5 and 32 μg/mL. Compound 2, 1‐(benzo[b]thiophen‐2‐ylmethylene) thiosemicarbazide, emerged as the most potent candidate. It effectively inhibited Mtb KatG, enhanced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Mtb, and achieved Mtb killing within 96 hours at a concentration of 2 μg/mL (4×MIC). Molecular docking simulations revealed that compound 2 binds tightly to the active site of Mtb‐KatG with a docking score of 114, indicating that it may serve as a potent inhibitor of Mtb‐KatG. The rabbit skin tuberculosis model was employed to assess the virulence of Mtb. Animal study results indicated that the granulomas induced by Mtb after treatment with compound 2 were reduced in size, exhibited a lower bacterial load, and the bacteria were no longer aggregated, in contrast to those caused by untreated Mtb. Hence, compound 2 can be regarded as a molecule capable of neutralizing the virulence factors of Mtb. This research offers insights into the design of anti‐Mtb molecules with novel mechanisms of action.
Multiple giant placental chorioangioma: A case report
Authors: Hashemi Atefe , Moradi Alamdarloo Shaghayegh , Vafaei Homeira , Barzegar Hamide , Jafari Firouzeh , Haseli Sara , Abbaspour Elahe 
Published: July 2024

Key Clinical MessageGiant chorioangiomas, despite being rare, pose significant fetal and maternal risks. Timely and individualized treatment plans are crucial to reduce morbidity and mortality when fetal compromise occurs. Additionally, successful conservative management relies on consistent ultrasound monitoring, Doppler flowmetry assessments, and amniotic fluid level measurements.AbstractChorioangiomas are benign placental tumors that manifest in approximately 1% of pregnancies. Giant chorioangiomas, characterized by tumors exceeding 4 cm, are exceptionally rare and pose substantial risks to maternal and fetal health. This case report details a patient with multiple giant chorioangiomas, emphasizing the rarity and consequential complications associated with these tumors. A 23‐year‐old woman, G3P2, at 28 weeks gestational age, was diagnosed with multiple large, well‐defined placental masses with increased vascularity, indicative of giant placental chorioangiomas. Subsequent ultrasound revealed various fetal anomalies such as cleft palate and lip, as well as lung and heart abnormalities. At 34+5 weeks of gestation, an emergency cesarean section was performed due to preeclampsia. Subsequently, a female neonate was born with hydrops fetalis. Unfortunately, she passed away within the first hour of her life. Complications associated with chorioangiomas primarily arise from arteriovenous shunts, which potentially lead to compromised fetal perfusion and cardiac failure. Although small‐sized chorioangiomas are often discovered incidentally, Doppler ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging can reliably distinguish these tumors from other placental lesions. Additionally, management strategies tailored to gestational age and maternal‐fetal symptoms typically necessitate a multidisciplinary approach. However, additional research is essential to understand the mechanisms of chorioangiomas and to develop comprehensive management guidelines.
Application of augmented simplex‐centroïd mixture design in developing and optimizing new low‐cost microfiltration membranes from clays and cassava peels for bacteria removal
Authors: Mountapbeme Ibrahim Cherif , Mbamyah Emilia Enjema Lyonga , Pountouenchi Amadou , Njuhou Saliou , Mouafon Mohamed , Ndzana Emma Julienne Augustine , Kouotou Yacouba Mfomboum , Lecomte‐Nana Gisèle Laure , Njoya Dayirou 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe sharp increase in waterborne diseases due to bacterial contamination is limiting the supply of safe water in developing countries. This study focuses on the development and optimization of a low‐cost ceramic membrane based on natural resources and local waste for eliminating bacteria from water. The augmented simplex centroïd mixture design (ASCD) was used. The obtained optimal formulation consisted of 65% Ebebda clay (EB) 18.64% Koutaba clay (KG), and 16.34% cassava peel (PM) with a holding temperature of 1 100°C. The raw materials and membrane were characterized by chemical analysis using X‐ray florescence, X‐ray diffractometry, Thermal Gravimetric/Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TG/DSC), FTIR, scanning electron microscopy, SBET, porosity and flexural strength. The optimal membrane has 43.26% of porosity, 7.46 MPa of strength, 0.55 m2/g of specific surface area, an average pore diameter of 1.31 µm and a water permeability of 4 345,87 L h−1 m−2 bar−1. The ability of the membrane support to retain Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella sp and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria present in contaminated water was finally assessed. Retention tests showed 100% of P. aeruginosa, 97.37% of K. pneumoniae, 93.69% of Salmonella sp, and 90% of S. aureus, making this new, less expensive ceramic membrane a potential candidate for the water treatment.
Spectral emittance measurements for ytterbium disilicate‐based environmental barrier coatings
Authors: Presby Michael J. , Crowell Sylvie F. , Eldridge Jeffrey I. , Markham James R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe spectral reflectance and transmittance of two free‐standing ytterbium disilicate (Yb2Si2O7)—based environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) were measured from 25°C up to 1270°C. The measurements were collected over the spectral range of approximately 2–20 µm. The spectral emittance was then determined through conservation of energy and Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation. The spectral emittance measurements for the EBCs were then compared to previous measurements for a thermal barrier coating (TBC).
Double Chalcogen Bonding Recognition Arrays in Solution
Authors: Romito Deborah , Kählig Hanspeter , Tecilla Paolo , Sosso Gabriele C. , Bonifazi Davide 
Published: July 2024

AbstractN‐substituted pyridino‐based congeners of Ebselen, named here as Pyrselen, incorporating proximal Se and N atoms, undergo dimerization in solution and the solid state through a dual donor‐acceptor arrangement of chalcogen bonding sites. Dimerization constants were measured within the 5–50 M−1 range. Computational studies on the dimers depict a notable charge‐transfer contribution to the association, validating Pyrselen as an effective scaffold for designing chalcogen‐bonding‐based recognition motifs.
Localized incompletely resected standard risk rhabdomyosarcoma in children and adolescents: Results from the European Paediatric Soft Tissue Sarcoma Study Group RMS 2005 trial
Authors: Mandeville Henry C. , Bisogno Gianni , Minard‐Colin Veronique , Alaggio Rita , Ben‐Arush Myriam , Chargari Cyrus , Coppadoro Beatrice , Craigie Ross , Devalck Christine , Ferman Sima , Ferrari Andrea , Glosli Heidi , Alvaro Raquel Hladun , Hol Marinka , Mudry Peter , Orbach Daniel , Albiac Monica Ramos , Merks Johannes H. M. , Jenney Meriel E. M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe authors report the prospective evaluation of reduced dose alkylator chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy for European Pediatric Soft Tissue Sarcoma Study Group (EpSSG) standard risk nonalveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (NA‐RMS).Patients and MethodsLocalized node negative Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS) II/III NA‐RMS at favorable sites (subgroup C), <25 years old, received five cycles of ifosfamide, vincristine, and dactinomycin (IVA) chemotherapy (30 g/m2 ifosfamide) and four cycles of vincristine and dactinomycin (if receiving radiotherapy), or nine cycles of IVA (54 g/m2 ifosfamide) ± radiotherapy. Delayed primary tumor excision was considered for IRS III tumors. The primary end points were event‐free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsFrom October 2005 to December 2016, 359 evaluable patients were recruited: orbit, 164 (45.7%); head and neck nonparameningeal, 77 (21.4%); and genitourinary non–bladder/prostate, 118 (32.9%). EFS and OS were 77.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 72.5–81.6) and 93.5% (95% CI, 90.1–95.8), respectively. Lower dose alkylator chemotherapy and radiotherapy achieved 5‐year OS of 93.7% but the difference with higher dose alkylator chemotherapy +/‐ radiotherapy was not significant (p = 0.8003). Adjuvant radiotherapy improved EFS with 5‐year estimates of 84.7% versus 65.2% for nonirradiated (p < .0001), but not OS (p = .9298). Omitting radiotherapy for orbital tumors reduced OS (5‐year was 87.1% vs. 97.3% for irradiated, p = .0257). Following R0 resection (n = 60), radiotherapy did not significantly improve EFS or OS.ConclusionsRadiotherapy for local tumor control allows for reduction of cumulative dose of alkylators in EpSSG standard risk subgroup C RMS patients. The omission of radiotherapy did not affect OS in all patients except those with orbital RMS and was associated with inferior EFS.
Eco‐friendly Visible Wavelength Photodetectors Based on Colloidal Molybdenum Trioxide Nanobelt Arrays
Authors: Jebakumar D. S. Ivan , Rao Rikka Vallabha 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn an era marked by a growing emphasis on sustainability and innovation, the quest for eco‐friendly solutions to energy conversion devices capable of harnessing visible light has gained paramount importance. In response to this critical demand, we demonstrate visible light‐responsive photoswitching from molybdenum trioxide nanobelt arrays in the photoconductive device fabricated using solution‐processing technique. We exploit the visible light‐driven modulation of conductivity in the reversibly switchable photochromic state of MoO3 to develop a photochromism‐assisted photoconductive photodetector with fast response (<0.1 s), significant photocurrent on/off ratio and excellent responsivity (41 AW−1 at 459 nm) under the applied bias of 5 V. The light harvesting strategy presented herein holds the potential for efficient energy generation by harnessing visible light, even under low‐light conditions.
Proposal of a super trait for increased grain yield, popping expansion, and ear rot resistance in popcorn
Authors: de Almeida Rafael Nunes , Vivas Marcelo , de Souza Yure Pequeno , Saluci Júlio Cesar Gradice , Vasconcelos Luana Cruz , do Amaral Júnior Antônio Teixeira 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFusarium ear rot (FER) is a disease that causes a decrease in grain quality in several popcorn fields in tropical regions. To contribute to the development of popcorn cultivars resistant to FER and superior in the main agronomic traits, the study aimed to compare gains in popping expansion (PE), grain yield (GY), and FER resistance through direct and indirect selection strategies by proposing a new super trait. The study was conducted in Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ. The traits were evaluated in 41 inbred lines from four environments using a randomized block design with four replicates. Six selection strategies and four selection intensities were tested. Direct selection on GY resulted in losses in PE and small gains in FER in the majority of the environments. Positive selection on PE resulted in FER reduction in scenarios of lower selection intensity. Selection by popping volume showed a satisfactory increase in GY and PE but was not effective in FER reduction. Selection by multi‐trait genotype–ideotype distance index resulted in GY increase only in some environments, PE increase in all environments, and FER reduction in all environments under higher selection intensities. The newly developed super trait popping volume without Fusarium (PVwF) showed the possibility of increasing GY (32.90% at 88.8%) and PE (5.10% at 10.20%) while simultaneously reducing FER in all environments and selection intensities (−6.30% at −6.70%). PVwF is an easily executable methodology to help popcorn breeders optimize gains in their programs. The lines L214, L217, L292, and L328 are more suitable for use in mating blocks aimed to develop superior popcorn hybrids.
Andean common bean bulk breeding lines selected on multiple continents exhibit broad genetic diversity and stress adaptation
Authors: Sadohara Rie , Cichy Karen , Fourie Deidre , Msolla Susan Nchimbi , Song Qijian , Miklas Phil , Porch Tim 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe low genetic diversity in Andean common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) presents opportunities to improve stress tolerance and increase productivity. Thus, this study aimed to develop Andean bean breeding populations and evaluate them in suboptimal environments. Phaseolus Improvement Cooperative (PIC) populations were developed by crossing 53 Andean and five Middle American bean parents using bulk breeding. Selection and evaluation in Puerto Rico, South Africa, Tanzania, and Washington State resulted in 384 superior PIC lines used in subsequent studies. The PIC lines and the parents were genotyped using the common bean 12K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip, which yielded an initial set of 10,457 polymorphic SNPs. Population structure analyses using 2334 high‐quality SNPs indicated the strongest separation between heat tolerant landrace Indeterminate Jamacia Red (ADP‐0683)‐derived PIC lines and a group of lines derived from North American parents. The PIC lines and parents were grown under water stress in Puerto Rico in 2019 (n = 288) and 2020 (n = 176) to assess agronomic traits including seed yield. The best linear unbiased predictions for seed yield ranged from 31 to 388 kg ha−1 in 2019 and from 169 to 1762 kg ha−1 in 2020. Almost all the PIC lines matched or outperformed the parents in 2019, showing the utility of crossing lines from various origins. Genome‐wide association analysis identified SNPs associated with yield under drought stress at 44.2 Mb on Pv10, which could inform genetic studies for yield and drought tolerance. Overall, the PIC populations were useful for improving the genetic diversity and agronomic performance of Andean beans in suboptimal environments.
Recycling and Reutilization of Metals Aided by Deep Eutectic Solvents: from NMC Cathodes of Spent Li‐ion Batteries to Electrolytes for Supercapacitors
Authors: Xu Boren , Díez Noel , Sevilla Marta , Ferrer María L. , Gutiérrez María C. , del Monte Francisco 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWith the rapidly increasing demand for lithium ion batteries (LIBs), recycling the metals found in spent cathodes is mandatory to both alleviate shortages resulting from the mining of natural metal ores and manage the disposal of spent LIBs. The use of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for metals recovery from spent cathodes of LIBs (e. g., LCO and NMC types) offers a sustainable yet efficient alternative to conventional hydrometallurgical processes. Nonetheless, g efforts are required to use milder temperatures and higher mass loadings, thus ensuring cost‐effectiveness. In this latter regard, addressing the reutilization of DESs in subsequent stages of metal extraction, and streamlining or eliminating the chemical procedures employed for metal separation, is even more crucial to guarantee the economic feasibility of the recycling process. Herein, we have prepared a DES that provides extraction efficiencies of ca. 100 % for every metal of NMC cathodes even at mild experimental conditions (e. g., 60 °C) and for loadings as high as 70 mgNMC/gDES. Moreover, we have pioneered the direct use of leachates containing DESs and metals as electrolytes for supercapacitors. This approach enables the reintroduction of DESs and the recovered metals into the value chain with a minimal economic and environmental impact.
Nd:YAG Technology for Laser Hair Removal: What's New?
Authors: Nuchanatanon Thanyathorn , Jurairattanaporn Natthachat , Vachiramon Vasanop 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSince its inception, the Neodymium‐doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) 1064‐nm laser has been widely used for the treatment of hair removal. Selective photothermolysis forms the basis of its function. Without harming the skin, the laser damages the hair follicle, offering safety and potentially positive outcomes. Many years after its debut, newly developed Nd:YAG laser technology and additional indicators have been found.MethodsThe quality of the evidence was evaluated using PubMed and Google Scholar searches. A selection of articles published between 2019 and 2024 underwent a retrospective review.ResultsUpdated technology, including the “in‐motion” technique, submillisecond pulse, and the combination of alexandrite and Nd:YAG lasers, achieves effective hair reduction with a higher safety profile. Other effects of the Nd:YAG laser on sweat glands, its bactericidal effects, and its long‐term effects on laser providers are discussed in this literature.ConclusionWith minimal short‐ and long‐term side effects, the latest technology and techniques of Nd:YAG laser treatment at a wavelength of 1064 nm have been shown to be beneficial and promising for hair removal.
Association of Fibrate use with clinical expression of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Park Chan Soon , Kim Bongseong , Jung Jin‐Hyung , Rhee Tae‐Min , Lee Hyun Jung , Lee Hee‐Sun , Park Jun‐Bean , Kim Yong‐Jin , Han Kyungdo , Kim Hyung‐Kwan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsAn association between obesity, metabolic abnormalities and clinical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) expression has been reported. We investigated whether managing dyslipidaemia with fibrates could affect the clinical expression of HCM.MethodsWe screened patients who used fibrates between 2010 and 2017 from a nationwide database. After excluding patients with a history of HCM, we identified fibrate‐user group (n = 412 823). We then constructed a 1:1 matched cohort of fibrate‐naïve participants (n = 412 823). After a 1 year lag period, we identified the incident HCM cases for the following 5 years.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up period of 3.96 years, we identified 454 incident clinical HCM cases. After adjusting for covariates, fibrate use was associated with a lower risk of clinical HCM expression [hazard ratio (HR) 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.763 (0.630–0.924)]. In subgroup analyses, fibrate use was associated with a reduced risk of clinical HCM expression in patients with a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 and those with abdominal obesity [HR (95% CI): 0.719 (0.553–0.934) and 0.655 (0.492–0.872)], but not in those without obesity. Fibrate use was also associated with lower risks of incident clinical HCM in patients with triglyceride levels ≥150 mg/dL and those with metabolic syndrome [HR (95% CI): 0.741 (0.591–0.929) and 0.750 (0.609–0.923)], but not in their counterparts. Regarding lifestyle behaviours, fibrate use appeared to provide more prognostic benefits in patients who currently smoked, consumed alcohol or did not engage in regular physical activities.ConclusionThe use of fibrates is associated with a lower incidence of clinical HCM expression. This association was also more prominent in those with obesity, unhealthy metabolic profiles and poor lifestyle behaviours.
Efficacy and safety of hypertonic saline therapy in ambulatory patients with heart failure: The SALT‐HF trial
Authors: Cobo Marcos Marta , de la Espriella Rafael , Comín‐Colet Josep , Zegrí‐Reiriz Isabel , Rubio Gracia Jorge , Morales‐Rull Jose Luis , Llàcer Pau , Díez‐Villanueva Pablo , Jiménez‐Marrero Santiago , de Juan Bagudá Javier , Ortiz Cortés Carolina , Restrepo‐Córdoba Maria Alejandra , Goirigolzarri‐Artaza Josebe , García‐Pinilla Jose Manuel , Barrios Elvira , del Prado Díaz Susana , Montero Hernández Esther , Sanchez‐Marteles Marta , Núñez Julio 
Published: July 2024

AimsCombination of hypertonic saline solution (HSS) with intravenous loop diuretics has been suggested to improve diuretic response in patients hospitalized for heart failure (HF). The efficacy and safety of this approach in the ambulatory setting remain unexplored.Methods and resultsIn this multicentre, double‐blind, randomized study, we allocated ambulatory patients with worsening heart failure (WHF) to a 1‐h infusion of intravenous furosemide (ivFurosemide)‐HSS versus ivFurosemide. The primary endpoint was the volume of diuresis at 3 h. Secondary endpoints included 3‐h natriuresis and weight variation, 7‐day congestion data, kidney function and electrolytes, and 30‐day clinical events. Overall, 167 participants (median age: 81 years, 30.5% female) were randomized across 13 sites between December 2020 and March 2023. There were no differences in 3‐h diuresis between treatments (ivFurosemide‐HSS: 1099 ml vs. ivFurosemide: 1103 ml, p = 0.963), 3‐h natriuresis (∆ +2.642 mEq/L, p = 0.559), or 3‐h weight (∆ +0.012 kg, p = 0.920). Patients in the ivFurosemide‐HSS arm experienced significant weight decrease at 7 days (Δ −0.586 kg, p = 0.048). There were no between‐treatment differences in clinical congestion score, biomarkers, inferior vena cava diameter, or the presence of lung ultrasound B‐lines. At 30 days, 26.5% of the patients in the ivFurosemide‐HSS group versus 33.3% in the ivFurosemide group experienced WHF (hazard ratio 0.76, p = 0.330). The incidence of death from any cause or HF hospitalization was 6% of patients in the ivFurosemide‐HSS group and 8.3% of patients in the ivFurosemide group (hazard ratio 0.69, p = 0.521). The incidence of worsening kidney function or metabolic derangements was not significantly different in the two arms.ConclusionsA single infusion of ivFurosemide‐HSS did not improve 3‐h diuresis or congestion parameters in patients with ambulatory WHF. This therapy showed an appropriate safety profile.
Potassium by Thallium Substitution: Symmetry Transformation Through Site Competition in Coordination Compounds
Authors: Chausov Feodor F. , Somov Nikolay V. , Kazantseva Irina S. , Rybin Dmitriy S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe study focused on the nitrilo‐tris‐(methylene phosphonate) [K2ntpH4]2 and [(K1−yTly)2ntpH4]2 complexes, which are a series of isovalent substitutions. The crystals of [K2ntpH4]2 are monoclinic and belong to the space group of symmetry P21/c with Z=4. When thallium substitutes potassium, the molecular structure remains the same, but the symmetry of the crystal packing changes to a triclinic system, space group of symmetry P
, with Z=2. One coordination polyhedra maintains an isometric configuration, while the other undergoes significant distortions. Polarization‐selective coordination is observed, where the thallium(I) ion, which is easily polarizable, populates the highly distorted polyhedron. The low polarizable potassium ion populates the weakly distorted one. The crystal is formed with an average thallium fraction higher than the initial aqueous solution. This suggests that replacing potassium ions in the complex with thallium ions is energetically favourable. It could explain why thallium is toxic to intracellular enzymes and carriers of genetic information. The isovalent substitution of potassium made it possible to observe the step‐by‐step formation of a super‐strong hydrogen bond, a phenomenon that is rarely detected under normal conditions. The O…O interatomic distance in the hydrogen bond decreases gradually from 2.55 Å for [K2ntpH4]2 to 2.474 Å for [Tl2ntpH4]2.