bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dexmedetomidine on the interplay of IL-6 and STAT3 pathways in adrenal gland damage-induced scalding burns in rats
Authors: Ciftel Serpil , Mercantepe Filiz , Mercantepe Tolga , Ciftel Enver , Klisic Aleksandra 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Scalding burns are a common form of thermal injury that often leads to systemic complications. Pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathways have been linked to the pathophysiology of organ damage caused by burns. This study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of dexmedetomidine, an α2-adrenergic receptor agonist with anti-inflammatory properties, on the interplay of IL-6 and STAT3 pathways in adrenal gland damage following scalding burns in rats. Twenty-eight rats were divided randomly into four groups. Rats in group 1 (n=7, control) were given only 0.9% intraperitoneal (i.p.) NaCl. Rats in group 2 (n=7, DEX) were exposed to 25°C water for 17 s on day 1 and received 100 mcg/kg/day dexmedetomidine i.p. for 3 days; for rats in group 3 (n=7, Burn), boiling water of 94°C was applied inside for 17 s. Rats in group 4 (n=7, Burn+DEX) were exposed to 94°C water for 17 s and received 100 mcg/kg/day dexmedetomidine i.p. for 3 days. Adrenal gland tissues were histopathological examined, and STAT3, IL-6, and TUNEL staining were performed using immunohistochemically. Our results revealed that scalding burns increased IL-6 and STAT3 expression in the adrenal glands of rats. Histological analysis demonstrated that dexmedetomidine administration ameliorated adrenal gland damage and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration. Our findings suggest that dexmedetomidine protects the adrenal glands in scalding burns. This protection appears to be mediated, at least in part, by its modulation of IL-6 and STAT3 pathways.
Approximating the Stationary Distribution of the ASEP with Open Boundaries
Authors: Nestoridi Evita , Schmid Dominik 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe investigate the stationary distribution of asymmetric and weakly asymmetric simple exclusion processes with open boundaries. We project the stationary distribution onto a subinterval, whose size is allowed to grow with the length of the underlying segment. Depending on the boundary parameters of the exclusion process, we provide conditions such that the stationary distribution projected onto a subinterval is close in total variation distance to a product measure.
A novel adapted MRI-based scheme for Dejour classification of trochlear dysplasia
Authors: Jian-Lüssi Ni , Pfirrmann Christian W. A. , Buck Florian M. , Frauenfelder Thomas , Rosskopf Andrea B. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To elaborate an optimized scheme for the Dejour classification of trochlear dysplasia based on axial and sagittal MR images and to evaluate its intra- and inter-reader reliability.

Material and methods
Over a period of 20 months patients with a knee MRI and the diagnosis of trochlear dysplasia were retrospectively included. Exclusion criteria were incomplete examination, qualitatively non-diagnostic examination, post trochlear surgery, missing informed consent for research purposes. Three independent evaluations were performed by two radiologists: first using an established description of the Dejour classification (types A–D) and then two evaluations using a new adapted scheme (types A–D). The adapted scheme includes a shallow trochlea, in type A no spur/no cliff, in type B with spur/no cliff, in type C no spur/with cliff, and in type D with spur/with cliff.

Results
One hundred seventy-one knee MRIs (female:65.5%; left side:52.6%) were included with a median age of 34.3 years (range:11.3–79.2). Inter-reader reliability using the established description was fair for the four-type-classification (kappa(k) = 0.23; 95%CI:0.11–0.34), fair for differentiation low-grade versus high-grade dysplasia (k = 0.28;0.13–0.43), slight for differentiation spur versus no-spur types (k = 0.20;0.05–0.34). Inter-reader reliability using the adapted scheme was substantial (k = 0.79;0.75–0.83) for the four-type-classification, substantial for differentiation low-grade versus high-grade dysplasia (k = 0.80;0.75–0.85), substantial for differentiation spur versus no-spur presence (k = 0.76;0.71–0.81). Intra-reader reliability was almost perfect for the adapted scheme (k-values: 0.88–0.95; 95%CIs: 0.84–0.98).

Conclusion
The novel adapted scheme for Dejour classification shows an almost perfect intra-reader reliability and a substantially higher inter-reader reliability. It may become a helpful tool in the daily diagnostic work of radiologists.
Modeling and solution of eigenvalue problems of laminated cylindrical shells consisting of nanocomposite plies in thermal environments
Authors: Sofiyev Abdullah H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis work is dedicated to the modeling and solution of eigenvalue problems within shear deformation theory (SDT) of laminated cylindrical shells containing nanocomposite plies subjected to axial compressive load in thermal environments. In this study, the shear deformation theory for homogeneous laminated shells is extended to laminated shells consisting of functionally graded (FG) nanocomposite layers. The nanocomposite plies of laminated cylindrical shells (LCSs) are arranged in a piecewise FG distribution along the thickness direction. Temperature-dependent material properties of FG-nanocomposite plies are estimated through a micromechanical model, and CNT efficiency parameters are calibrated based on polymer material properties obtained from molecular dynamics simulations. After mathematical modeling, second-order time-dependent and fourth-order coordinate-dependent partial differential equations are derived within SDT, and a closed-form solution for the dimensionless frequency parameter and critical axial load is obtained for first time. After the accuracy of the applied methodology is confirmed by numerical comparisons, the unique influences of ply models, the number and sequence of plies and the temperature on the critical axial load and vibration frequency parameter within SDT and Kirchhoff–Love theory (KLT) are presented with numerical examples.
A Whitney Type Theorem for Surfaces: Characterising Graphs with Locally Planar Embeddings
Authors: Carmesin Johannes 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGiven a graph G and a parameter r, we define the r-local matroid of G to be the matroid generated by its cycles of length at most r. Extending Whitney’s abstract planar duality theorem from 1932, we prove that for every r the r-local matroid of G is co-graphic if and only if G admits a certain type of embedding in a surface, which we call r-planar embedding. The maximum value of r such that a graph G admits an r-planar embedding is closely related to face-width, and such embeddings for this maximum value of r are quite often embeddings of minimum genus. Unlike minimum genus embeddings, these r-planar embeddings can be computed in polynomial time. This provides the first systematic and polynomially computable method to construct for every graph G a surface so that G embeds in that surface in an optimal way (phrased in our notion of r-planarity).
A new multi-objective hyperparameter optimization algorithm for COVID-19 detection from x-ray images
Authors: Gülmez Burak 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe coronavirus occurred in Wuhan (China) first and it was declared a global pandemic. To detect coronavirus X-ray images can be used. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are used commonly to detect illness from images. There can be lots of different alternative deep CNN models or architectures. To find the best architecture, hyper-parameter optimization can be used. In this study, the problem is modeled as a multi-objective optimization (MOO) problem. Objective functions are multi-class cross entropy, error ratio, and complexity of the CNN network. For the best solutions to the objective functions, multi-objective hyper-parameter optimization is made by NSGA-III, NSGA-II, R-NSGA-II, SMS-EMOA, MOEA/D, and proposed Swarm Genetic Algorithms (SGA). SGA is a swarm-based algorithm with a cross-over process. All six algorithms are run and give Pareto optimal solution sets. When the figures obtained from the algorithms are analyzed and algorithm hypervolume values are compared, SGA outperforms the NSGA-III, NSGA-II, R-NSGA-II, SMS-EMOA, and MOEA/D algorithms. It can be concluded that SGA is better than others for multi-objective hyper-parameter optimization algorithms for COVID-19 detection from X-ray images. Also, a sensitivity analysis has been made to understand the effect of the number of the parameters of CNN on model success.
Stiffness-related disability following long segmental posterior instrumentation and fusion: is it influenced by postoperative spinopelvic alignment?
Authors: Zhang Jiaqi , Liu Yinhao , Zeng Yan , Li Weishi , Chen Zhongqiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The aims of this study were to investigate the correlations between Chinese version of Lumbar Stiffness Disability Index (C-LSDI) and other clinical outcomes, and to identify the factors independently affecting stiffness-related disability after long-segment fusion in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS).

Methods
We performed a retrospective study of 118 consecutive surgically treated DLS cases at a single institute. Pre- and post-operative radiological parameters and postoperative health related quality of life (HRQOL) were examined to determine their correlation coefficients with postoperative C-LSDI. Patients were divided into two groups by the medium number of postoperative C-LSDI: low-stiffness group (C-LSDI < 48 points) and high-stiffness group (C-LSDI ≥ 48 points). Subsequently, differences between the two groups were assessed, and the presumed factors affecting C-LSDI evaluation were further analyzed.

Results
Coronal parameters and global sagittal parameters showed significant correlations with postoperative C-LSDI. The correlation coefficients between C-LSDI and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Japanese Orthopedic Association-29 (JOA-29), the Scoliosis Research Society-22 questionnaire (SRS-22) Function, and the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) Physical Component Scores were over 0.5. In multiple linear regression, postoperative sagittal vertical axis (β = 0.084, p = 0.025), fusion levels (β = 2.13, p = 0.012), and body mass index (β = 0.867, p = 0.022) were independent related factors for C-LSDI.

Conclusion
This study showed that all HRQOLs demonstrated the varying degree of correlations with C-LSDI, of which the ODI, JOA-29, SRS-22 Function, and SF-36 PCS were most relevant, with moderate strength of associations.Moreover, longer fusion levels, higher BMI, and greater postoperative SVA independently affect C-LSDI after long segmental posterior instrumentation and fusion for DLS.
Growth rate of a giant Tarlov (perineural) cyst with intrapelvic extension
Authors: Kaptanoğlu Erkan , Malçok Ümit Ali , Kaptanoğlu Doğa , Çatav Serdar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background and importance
Giant Tarlov cysts (GTCs) are perineural cysts and their presacral intrapelvic extension are extremely rare entities. We present a case of GTC with intrapelvic extension who has preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) follow-ups of 12 years, and we demonstrate the annual growth rate and the time-size correlation of a GTC.

Methods
Case report.

Clinical presentation
A 37-year-old woman was admitted with left gluteal pain radiating to left foot, left leg numbness, progressed over 12 years. On MRI, starting from the L5–S1 level, a giant Tarlov cyst with an atypical configuration, is observed. The patient had a known sacral Tarlov cyst, first discovered on MRI obtained 12 years before the surgery. She had 6 consecutive MRI follow-ups in 12 years preoperatively. The cysts diameters have been measured and the growth rate was estimated. We showed for the first time that presented GTC grows in in both Sagittal Diagonal (SD) and Sagittal Craniocaudal (SC) diameters over time with overall annual growth rates, 7.671% for RGR_SD and 6.237% for RGR_SC.

Conclusion
When the time-size correlation is observed, it becomes evident that the GTSs’ growing speed increases over the years because of minimal resistance in the intrapelvic cavity. Early surgery may be considered to prevent rapid growth in the intrapelvic cavity and to reduce possible complications of the giant cyst.
On the influence of sorbents on the static stiffness of Air Springs
Authors: Breitenbach Stephan , Skoglund Marcel , Lillepärg Jelena , Emmler Thomas , Mantwill Frank 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAir Springs are deployed in many technical areas today. In the premium segment of the automotive industry in particular, they are being used more and more frequently. The load-independent spring rate results in a better ride comfort. Since the stiffness of the Air Spring is significantly influenced by the enclosed air volume, this usually leads to a conflict of objectives between the available installation space and the stiffness optimum. To reduce the spring stiffness while maintaining the same design space, Coackley and Elliot describe in their patent the use of adsorbents such as activated carbon in the enclosed air volume of the spring. By binding air molecules to the adsorbent, more air molecules fit into the enclosed Air Spring volume, while the size and pressure of the Air Spring remain the same.This paper describes how the so-called “virtual volume” is created by adsorption and how it can be determined by simplified measurements using a gas pycnometer. Furthermore, it is shown how these measurements are related to the static stiffness of an Air Spring, so that a prediction of the static stiffness of an Air Spring filled with sorbent, in this case activated carbon, is possible by simple pycnometric measurements.
Exanthem, Fieber und Schocksymptomatik bei einem 28-jährigen Patienten nach zahnärztlicher Behandlung
Authors: Dehina Nora , Janßen Sarah , Joost Insa , Maier Oliver , Reifenberger Julia , Meller Stephan , Bernhard Michael 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hautveränderungen sind mit 5–8 % ein häufiger Vorstellungsgrund in Notaufnahmen und stellen in der klinischen Akut- und Notfallmedizin eine große Herausforderung dar. In der Notaufnahme sind neben der genauen Beschreibung der Hautmanifestationen eine Einschätzung über die Dringlichkeit einer sofortigen Behandlung, der Beginn einer Initialtherapie und ggf. eine Überwachung des Patienten notwendig. Einige Hautveränderungen sind mit einer vitalen Bedrohung für den Patienten assoziiert. Da in den meisten Notaufnahmen nicht permanent ein Dermatologe anwesend ist, erscheint es umso wichtiger, dass Notfallmediziner dringliche dermatologische Pathologien erkennen. Zu den dermatologischen Notfällen gehören neben ausgedehnten Hautverbrennungen, akuten Infektionserkrankungen und allergischen Reaktionen vom Soforttyp auch verzögerte, arzneimittelbedingte Hautreaktionen mit ausgeprägter Klinik (z. B. „drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms“ [DRESS], toxische epidermale Nekrolyse [TEN], akut generalisierte exanthematische Pustulose [AGEP]).
Value and limitations of targeted next-generation sequencing in idiopathic hypereosinophilia: an integrative diagnostic tool in challenging cases
Authors: Cattaneo Daniele , Marchetti Alfredo , Bucelli Cristina , Galli Nicole , Lionetti Marta , Bellani Valentina , Gianelli Umberto , Passamonti Francesco , Bolli Niccolò , Iurlo Alessandra 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHere, we reviewed clinical-morphological data and investigated mutational profiles by NGS in a single-center series of 28 consecutive patients admitted to our hospital between September 2011 and November 2021 for idiopathic hypereosinophilia (HE).Bone marrow (BM) morphology was evaluated in 22 patients: while in six subjects BM was unremarkable, in the remaining cases an increase in BM eosinophils was observed, together with a slight increase in BM fibrosis (MF-1) in 5/22 patients.A total of 4/28 patients had at least one genetic lesion by targeted NGS. In particular, the genes involved were: two each of TET2 and DNMT3A; and one each of JAK2V617F, ASXL1, PPM1D, and ZBTB33. Notably, JAK2V617F and TET2 mutations co-occurred, with the JAK2V617F-mutated sample also carrying TET2 lesions. Median VAF was 21%, with the exception of the oncodriver JAK2V617F, which showed a VAF > 50% in the reported case. Of note, of the four cases bearing lesions, 2/4 had multiple hits in different genes.While in recent years mutational analysis using NGS has proven to be able to differentiate clonal hematopoietic neoplasms from reactive processes in diagnostically difficult cases, we found somatic mutations in only 14.3% of patients who acceded to our hospital for idiopathic HE. More importantly, excluding the JAK2V617F-mutated case with an underlying MPN-Eo diagnosis, NGS was able to identify somatic mutations in only three cases, all older than 70 years. Consequently, the detection of these mutations in idiopathic HE patients should be interpreted with caution and only in the context of other supportive clinical-pathological findings.
Tailoring support following summative assessments: a latent profile analysis of student outcomes across five medical specialities
Authors: Ding Huiming , Homer Matt 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSummative assessments are often underused for feedback, despite them being rich with data of students’ applied knowledge and clinical and professional skills. To better inform teaching and student support, this study aims to gain insights from summative assessments through profiling students’ performance patterns and identify those students missing the basic knowledge and skills in medical specialities essential for their future career. We use Latent Profile Analysis to classify a senior undergraduate year group (n = 295) based on their performance in applied knowledge test (AKT) and OSCE, in which items and stations are pre-classified across five specialities (e.g. Acute and Critical Care, Paediatrics,…). Four distinct groups of students with increasing average performance levels in the AKT, and three such groups in the OSCE are identified. Overall, these two classifications are positively correlated. However, some students do well in one assessment format but not in the other. Importantly, in both the AKT and the OSCE there is a mixed group containing students who have met the required standard to pass, and those who have not. This suggests that a conception of a borderline group at the exam-level can be overly simplistic. There is little literature relating AKT and OSCE performance in this way, and the paper discusses how our analysis gives placement tutors key insights into providing tailored support for distinct student groups needing remediation. It also gives additional information to assessment writers about the performance and difficulty of their assessment items/stations, and to wider faculty about student overall performance and across specialities.
Small data challenges for intelligent prognostics and health management: a review
Authors: Li Chuanjiang , Li Shaobo , Feng Yixiong , Gryllias Konstantinos , Gu Fengshou , Pecht Michael 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPrognostics and health management (PHM) is critical for enhancing equipment reliability and reducing maintenance costs, and research on intelligent PHM has made significant progress driven by big data and deep learning techniques in recent years. However, complex working conditions and high-cost data collection inherent in real-world scenarios pose small-data challenges for the application of these methods. Given the urgent need for data-efficient PHM techniques in academia and industry, this paper aims to explore the fundamental concepts, ongoing research, and future trajectories of small data challenges in the PHM domain. This survey first elucidates the definition, causes, and impacts of small data on PHM tasks, and then analyzes the current mainstream approaches to solving small data problems, including data augmentation, transfer learning, and few-shot learning techniques, each of which has its advantages and disadvantages. In addition, this survey summarizes benchmark datasets and experimental paradigms to facilitate fair evaluations of diverse methodologies under small data conditions. Finally, some promising directions are pointed out to inspire future research.
Free open source communities sustainability: Does it make a difference in software quality?
Authors: Alami Adam , Pardo Raúl , Linåker Johan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Context
Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) communities’ ability to stay viable and productive over time is pivotal for society as they maintain the building blocks that digital infrastructure, products, and services depend on. Sustainability may, however, be characterized from multiple aspects, and less is known how these aspects interplay and impact community outputs, and software quality specifically.

Objective
This study, therefore, aims to empirically explore how the different aspects of FOSS sustainability impact software quality.

Method
16 sustainability metrics across four categories were sampled and applied to a set of 217 OSS projects sourced from the Apache Software Foundation Incubator program. The impact of a decline in the sustainability metrics was analyzed against eight software quality metrics using Bayesian data analysis, which incorporates probability distributions to represent the regression coefficients and intercepts.

Results
Findings suggest that selected sustainability metrics do not significantly affect defect density or code coverage. However, a positive impact of community age was observed on specific code quality metrics, such as risk complexity, number of very large files, and code duplication percentage. Interestingly, findings show that even when communities are experiencing sustainability, certain code quality metrics are negatively impacted.

Conclusion
Findings imply that code quality practices are not consistently linked to sustainability, and defect management and prevention may be prioritized over the former. Results suggest that growth, resulting in a more complex and large codebase, combined with a probable lack of understanding of code quality standards, may explain the degradation in certain aspects of code quality.