bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genesis of Syntectonic Hydrothermal Veins in the Igneous Rock of Teschenite Association (Outer Western Carpathians, Czech Republic): Growth Mechanism and Origin of Fluids
Authors: Urubek Tomáš , Dolníček Zdeněk , Kropáč Kamil 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Hydrothermal mineralization hosted by the Lower Cretaceous igneous rock of the teschenite association at Jasenice (Silesian Unit, Flysch Belt, Outer Western Carpathians) occurs in two morphological types - irregular vein filled by granular calcite and regular composite vein formed by both fibrous and granular calcite and minor chlorite, quartz, and pyrite. Crosscutting evidence indicates that the granular veins are younger than the composite vein. The composite vein was formed by two mechanisms at different times. The arrangement of solid inclusions in the marginal fibrous zone suggests an episodic growth by the crack-seal mechanism during syntectonic deformation which was at least partially driven by tectonic suction pump during some stages of the Alpine Orogeny. Both the central part of the composite vein and monomineral veins developed in a brittle regime. In these cases, the textures of vein suggest the flow of fluids along an open fracture. The parent fluids of both types of vein are characterized by low temperatures (Th=66-163 °C), low salinities (0.4 to 3.4 wt. % NaCl eq.), low content of strong REE-complexing ligands, and δ18O and δ13C ranges of + 0.2/+12.5 %. SMOW and -11.8/-14.1 %. PDB, respectively. The parent fluids are interpreted as the results of mixing of residual seawater and diagenetic waters produced by dewatering of clay minerals in the associ-ated flysch sediments. The flow of fluids was controlled by tectonic deformation of the host rock.
Oligocene-Early Miocene Planktonic Microbiostratigraphy and Paleoenvironments of the South Slovakian Basin (Lučenec Depression)
Authors: Ozdínová Silvia , Soták Ján 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Oligocene and Lower Miocene sediments of the Lučenec Depression were studied to demonstrate the planktonic bioevents and climatic proxies from the Číž Formation (Rupelian) and Lučenec Formation (Chattian-Aquitanian) on the basis of quantitative analyses of foraminifers and calcareous nannofossils. The oldest nannofossil assemblages of the Číž Formation belonged to the NP23 Zone and were dominated by Reticulofenestra ornata known for preference of temperate eutrophic water conditions. An increase in bioproductivity was documented by abundant large-sized planktonic foraminifers (e.g. Turborotalia ampliapertura, Paragloborotalia nana, Subbotina gortanii) and epifaunal to shal-low-infaunal benthic species. The middle part of the Číž Formation reveals a lowstand progradation of deltaic sediments of the Rapovce Member. There, the planktonic foraminifers are impoverished in both size and diversity, containing mostly tenuitellid and cassigerinellid species, probably as a result of decreased salinity and increased anoxia in the Tard Clay. Contrary of this, the benthic foraminifers are rich, mainly the infaunal forms of uvigerinid species. They probably proliferated due to a high organic flux from riverine input. Open marine conditions were restored in the upper part of the Číž Formation above the lowest occurrence (LO) of Cyclicargolithus abisectus on the NP23-NP24 zone boundary. The transitional interval between the Číž and Lučenec formations (O5/O6 - NP24/25) was approximated by the HOs of Paragloborotalia opima and Sphenolithus distentus and the LOs of Globigerinoides primordius and Pontosphaera enormis. Benthic foraminifera of the Lučenec Formation indicate a high productivity and oxygen-deplected environ-ments. The Oligocene-Miocene boundary in the Lučenec Formation was appointed by the HOs of Helicospahera recta and Dictyococcites bisectus. Foraminiferal markers of this boundary were established from the HO of Globigerina ciperoensis and the LO of G. ottnangiensis. The highest nannofossil dating in the Lučenec Formation is recorded by the LOs of Helicosphaera mediterranea (NN1 Zone) and Discoaster druggi (NN2 Zone). The uppermost part of the Lučenec Formation contained many Paratethys benthic foraminifera, such as Uvigerina posthantkeni.
Distribution of coccolithophores as a potential proxy in paleoceanography: The case of the Oman Sea monsoonal pattern
Authors: Mojtahedin Elham , Hadavi Fatemeh , Lak Razyeh 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
High abundances of coccoliths have been observed in surface sediment samples from near the coasts of the Oman Sea in February 2011. At the end of the NE monsoon, the locally observed high Gephyrocapsa oceanica production is hypothesized to respond to local injections of nutrient-rich deep water into the surface water due to sea-surface cooling leading to convection. The most abundant coccolithophore species are G. oceanica followed by Emiliania huxleyi, Helicosphaera carteri, Calcidiscus leptoporus. Some species, such as Gephyrocapsa muellerae, Gephyrocapsa ericsonii, Umbilicosphaera sibogae, Umbellosphaera tenuis and Florisphaera profunda, are rare. The G. oceanica suggested a prevalence of upwelling conditions or high supply of nutrients in the Oman Sea (especially West Jask) at the end of the NE monsoon. E. huxleyi showed low relative abundances at the end of the NE monsoon. Due to the location of the Oman Sea in low latitudes with high temperatures, we have observed low abundances of G. muellerae in the study area. Additionally, we have identified low abundances of G. ericsonii at the end of the NE monsoon. Helicosphaera carteri showed a clear negative response with decreasing amounts (relative abundances) at the end of the NE monsoon. C. leptoporus, U. sibogae and U. tenuis have very low relative abundances in the NE monsoon and declined extremely at the end of the NE monsoon. F. profunda, which is known to inhabit the lower photic zone (<100 m depht) was rarely observed in the samples.
Właściwości zbiornikowe utworów wapienia muszlowego na Niżu Polskim
Authors: GANCARZ MARZENA 
Published: May 2015

Streszczenie
Utwory wapienia muszlowego (trias środkowy) zajmują ponad 70% obszaru Niżu Polskiego. Reprezentowane są przede wszystkim przez różne odmiany wapieni, dolomitów i margli. Stanowią jeden z mniej rozpoznanych poziomów wodonośnych formacji mezozoicznej na Niżu Polskim, dlatego wzbudzają duże zainteresowanie badawcze m.in. odnośnie do parametrów zbiornikowych.
Jednoznaczną ocenę parametrów zbiornikowych, węglanowych utworów wapienia muszlowego, utrudnia obecność złożonej przestrzeni szczelinowej i porowej oraz brak wiedzy na temat szczelinowatości tych utworów.
Niemniej jednak na podstawie analizy parametrów porowatości całkowitej i przepuszczalności wskazano rodzaj skały zbiornikowej oraz wytypowano obszar i ogniwo o najkorzystniejszym rozkładzie tych parametrów w utworach wapienia muszlowego.
Zmiany własności petrofizycznych utworów wapienia muszlowego zależą przede wszystkim od rodzaju skały zbiornikowej oraz przebiegu stref dyslokacji. Analizując rozkład tych parametrów w obszarze całego zbiornika, widać ich wyraźną dwudzielność. Porowatością do 2% i przepuszczalnoćią poniżej 1 mD charakteryzują się głównie zbite niespękane wapienie oraz iłowce i margle. W obrębie całej formacji obserwuje się wartości przepuszczalności bliskie zera. Większość badanych prób zawiera się w przedziale przepuszczalności 0–0,1 mD.
Najwyższe wartości parametrów petrofizycznych zaobserwowano przede wszystkim w wapieniach piankowych i wapieniach czystych, dolnego wapienia muszlowego, na głębokościach nieprzekraczających 2500 m p.p.t. Maksymalne wartości porowatości całkowitej wapieni wynoszą > 20% przy przepuszczalności dochodzącej do 340 mD.
Obszar o najkorzystniejszych wartościach parametrów porowatości całkowitej i przepuszczalności rozciąga się na granicy monokliny przedsudeckiej i niecki łódzkiej, co zostało potwierdzone na podstawie porównania rozkładu parametru porowatości całkowitej z przebiegiem regionalnych stref tektonicznych.
Mining waste dumps – modern monitoring of thermal and gas activities
Authors: WASILEWSKI STANISŁAW , SKOTNICZNY PRZEMYSŁAW 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Mining waste dumps are permanently incorporated in the landscape of the mining areas and exert an impact on the environment in many ways. The presence in the massif of a dump of carbonaceous substances often leads to the formation of fire hazards. Monitoring the activity of a newly created coal waste dump or of one under fire plays an extremely important role in fire prevention activity. Under the current regulations it must be carried out both during the exploitation process and for many years afterwards. Monitoring a dump is targeted, among others, at detecting thermal and gas anomalies already at the initial stage of development and to undertake preventive measures to eliminate and minimize the impact and load of a dump for the environment and the health and life of humans. In the article selected results of a research project (Raport 2011) are shown; a method of monitoring fire hazards at dump wastes was proposed, which includes thermal scanning and thermal-gas monitoring by a borehole method aimed at fixed points in the dump. Monitoring the large area of a dump requires exploration of the thermal state of a significant area hence the accepted scanning of the area is with a precision thermal imaging camera during an air raid. Then at selected sites of the dump, long-term in-field studies were conducted using the wireless data collection system from scattered test holes, made of perforated pipes and equipped with temperature and gas probes (CO, CO2, O2). At the same time the changes of environmental conditions and changes in atmospheric state parameters were observed around the dump, the so-called wind rose, based on data recorded by the weather station.
Analiza statystyczna parametrów mikrofacji dolomitu głównego w granicznej strefie platformy węglanowej
Authors: SEMYRKA ROMAN , JARZYNA JADWIGA A. , KRAKOWSKA PAULINA I. , SEMYRKA GRAŻYNA 
Published: May 2015

Streszczenie
Duża liczba wyników badań laboratoryjnych parametrów zbiornikowych dolomitu głównego na obszarze platformy węglanowej, w rejonie wschodniej części platformy Gorzowa, w zatoce Noteci wraz z mikroplatformą Krobielewka, na półwyspie Grotowa, oraz na fragmencie platformy wiel-kopolskiej, sięgającym rejonu Pniew umożliwiła wykonanie wiarygodnych analiz statystycznych. Standardowe badania na próbkach skał (gęstości objętościowej, porowatości efektywnej i przepuszczalności fizycznej) wzbogacone zostały o wyniki pomiarów porozymetrii rtęciowej. Wyniki badań laboratoryjnych, przede wszystkim porozymetrii rtęciowej, rozszerzyły znacznie informaję o skale zbiornikowej (dolomicie głównym) i przyczyniły się do wydzielenia różnorodnych mikrofacji oraz stref paleogeograficznych.
Na podstawie wyników przeprowadzonej analizy statystycznej porównano parametry petrofizyczne trzech mikrofacji i stwierdzono, że utwory ziarnozwięzłe charakteryzowały się najlepszymi właściwościami zbiornikowymi. Dla tych utworów stwierdzono wysoką srednią porowatość efektywną oraz wysoką średnią porowatość dynamiczną dla gazu i ropy. Utwory te charakteryzowały się także wysoką przepuszczalnością.
Stwierdzono duży procentowy udział próbek mikrofacji utworów ziarnozwięzłych w badanej populacji próbek dolomitu głównego. Próbki tej mikrofacji stanowiły 75% (w badaniach porozymetrii rtęciowej) i 72% (w badaniach porozymetrii helowej) całej populacji. Taki wniosek jest korzystny z punktu widzenia dalszych prac poszukiwawczych w dolomicie głównym, gdyż pozwala założyć, że 72–75% przewierconego dolomitu głównego należy do mikrofacji utworów ziarnozwięzłych. Stwierdzono także, że różnica między wartościami parametrów wyznaczonymi dla całej grupy danych i zbioru próbek mikrofacji utworów ziarnozwięzłych nie jest duża. Można zatem przyjąć, że badania parametrów w całym zbiorze danych są reprezentatywne w zakresie właściwości zbiornikowych dla próbek należących do mikrofacji utworów ziarnozwięzłych.
Badania przeprowadzone w grupach danych pochodzących z otworów odwierconych w różnych strefach paleogenicznych, związanych ze środowiskiem sedymentacji, pozwoliły stwierdzić, że w strefie bariery węglanowej wybrane parametry przyjmują wartości wyraźnie różniące się od odpowiednich danych w strefach równi platformowej i podnóża platformy.
Wykonana analiza statystyczna poszerzyła informację o parametrach zbiornikowych skał i ułatwiła ich szybką klasyfikację pod względem stref sedymentacyjnych na obszarze platformy oraz ocenę mikrofacji utworów ziarnozwięzłych o najlepszych właściwościach do gromadzenia i odda-wania węglowodorów w dolomicie głównym.
Six Weeks of Core Stability Training Improves Landing Kinetics Among Female Capoeira Athletes: A Pilot Study
Authors: Araujo Simone , Cohen Daniel , Hayes Lawrence 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Core stability training (CST) has increased in popularity among athletes and the general fitness population despite limited evidence CST programmes alone lead to improved athletic performance. In female athletes, neuromuscular training combining balance training and trunk and hip/pelvis dominant CST is suggested to reduce injury risk, and specifically peak vertical ground reaction forces (vGRF) in a drop jump landing task. However, the isolated effect of trunk dominant core stability training on vGRF during landing in female athletes had not been evaluated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate landing kinetics during a drop jump test following a CST intervention in female capoeira athletes. After giving their informed written consent, sixteen female capoeira athletes (mean ± SD age, stature, and body mass of 27.3 ± 3.7 years, 165.0 ± 4.0 cm, and 59.7 ± 6.3 kg, respectively) volunteered to participate in the training program which consisted of static and dynamic CST sessions, three times per week for six weeks. The repeated measures T-test revealed participants significantly reduced relative vGRF from pre- to post-intervention for the first (3.40 ± 0.78 vs. 2.85 ± 0.52 N·NBW-1, respectively [p<0.05, effect size = 0.60]), and second landing phase (5.09 ± 1.17 vs. 3.02 ± 0.41 N·NBW-1, respectively [p<0.001, effect size = 0.87]). The average loading rate was reduced from pre- to post-intervention during the second landing phase (30.96 ± 18.84 vs. 12.06 ± 9.83 N·NBW·s-1, respectively [p<0.01, effect size = 0.68]). The peak loading rate was reduced from pre- to postintervention during the first (220.26 ± 111.51 vs. 120.27 ± 64.57 N· NBW·s-1 respectively [p<0.01, effect size = 0.64]), and second (99.52 ± 54.98 vs. 44.71 ± 30.34 N· NBW·s-1 respectively [p<0.01, effect size = 0.70]) landing phase. Body weight, average loading rate during the first landing phase, and jump height were not significantly different between week 0 and week 6 (p=0.528, p=0.261, and p=0.877, respectively). This study provides evidence that trunk dominant core stability training improves landing kinetics without improving jump height, and may reduce lower extremity injury risk in female athletes.
The Effects of Bag Style on Muscle Activity of the Trapezius, Erector Spinae and Latissimus Dorsi During Walking in Female University Students
Authors: Hardie Rebecca , Haskew Rachel , Harris Joel , Hughes Gerwyn 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Back pain is common in adolescents which has been associated with carrying a bag. However, there is little research examining the effects of bag style in female adolescents. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of different bag conditions on muscle activity of the trapezius, erector spinae and latissimus dorsi muscles in female university students during walking. Twelve female university students walked on a treadmill for 5 minutes at 1.1 m/s during five conditions; control, 1 strapped rucksack, 2 strapped rucksack, ipsilateral shoulder strap and contralateral shoulder strap, each containing 10% bodyweight. Electromyography for the trapezius, erector spinae and latissimus dorsi was recorded for the last 30 s of each condition. Two-way ANOVA and paired t-tests were used to identify differences between right and left muscles and between bag conditions. Results showed that muscle activity of the left trapezius was significantly higher than the right trapezius during the 1 strap rucksack condition. For the left trapezius, the 2 strapped rucksack and the control condition had significantly lower muscle activity compared to the 1 strapped rucksack and the ipsilateral shoulder strap. For the left erector spinae muscle, there was significantly greater muscle activity when wearing the contralateral shoulder strap compared to the control. For the right erector spinae, significantly lower muscle activity was observed when wearing the 2 strapped rucksack compared to the ipsilateral shoulder strap and contralateral shoulder strap. There were no significant differences in muscle activity of the latissimus dorsi muscles between any of the bag conditions. These findings suggest that a two strapped rucksack should be used when carrying loads to reduce spinal muscle activity which may, in turn, reduce reports of back pain in female adolescents.
Association Between Sports Participation and Sedentary Behavior During School Recess Among Brazilian Adolescents
Authors: Santos Silva Diego Augusto , Santos Silva Roberto Jerônimo dos 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the association between sports participation and sedentary behavior during school recess among Brazilian adolescents. This study included 2,243 adolescents aged 13-18 years (16.2 ± 1.1), 62.2% females and 37.8% males, enrolled in public high schools in Aracaju, Northeastern Brazil. Sedentary behavior during school recess and sport participation was self-reported. Several factors were examined, including sex, age, skin color, socioeconomic status, maternal education and physical activity level. Sixty percent of adolescents had sedentary behavior during school recess and 57.7% of adolescents reported that they did not participate in any team sport. Additionally, adolescents who did not practice any team sport were 40% more likely (OR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.8) to be sedentary during school recess compared to those who participated in two or more team sports. It is recommended that schools encourage students to engage in sports activities and promote more physical activity during school recess to reduce the sedentary behavior and increase physical activity levels in youth.
Effect of resistance tube exercises on kicking accuracy, vertical jump and 40-yard technical test in competitive football players – an experimental study
Authors: Tirumala Alekhya , Motimath Basavaraj 
Published: May 2015

PurposeKicking, jumping and agility are important skills in football. These activities require adequate lower limb strength, which can be enhanced with resistance training. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of resistance tube exercises on kicking accuracy, vertical jump performance and 40-yard technical test results in competitive football players.MethodsThe study involved 23 competitive football players (11 males, 12 females) aged from 18-20 years recruited from three different universities in Belgaum, Karnataka, India. Back heel kick accuracy, vertical jump height and 40-yard technical test time were evaluated before and after a 2-week resistance tube exercise program.ResultsSignificant improvements in post-intervention kicking accuracy were found when males and females were treated as a single group (<i>p</i> = 0.01). Vertical jump height also showed a highly significant post-intervention improvement in the males and for the combined group of males and females (<i>p</i> = 0.001). The 40-yard technical test values significantly improved in the females and in the combined results for males and females (<i>p</i> = 0.001).ConclusionsThe two-week resistance tube exercise program was found to have an effect on kicking accuracy, vertical jump height and 40-yard technical test performance in competitive football players. Resistance tube exercises can thus be included as a component of a regular strength training program for such athletes.
An assessment of exercise tolerance in normobaric hypoxia of patients with diabetes mellitus type 1
Authors: Głuchowska Barbara , Żebrowska Aleksandra , Kamiński Tomasz 
Published: May 2015

PurposePhysical activity is an integral part of the treatment of diabetes. The aim of the study was to assess aerobic capacity and cardiovascular-respiratory reactions to a single physical exercise with gradually increasing intensity in normobaric hypoxia in patients with Type 1 diabetes.MethodsThe study was conducted on a sample of adults with Type 1 diabetes (GT1D, <i>n</i> = 13) and a randomly chosen healthy control (GK, <i>n</i> = 15). The study participants performed a progressive exercise test to exhaustion in normoxia (FiO<sub>2</sub> ~ 20.90%) and 7 days later in normobaric hypoxia (FiO<sub>2</sub> ~ 15.14%). At rest, during exercise, and after completion of the test blood was drawn and physiological indicators were monitored.ResultsTwo-way ANOVA revealed a significant effect of hypoxia and physical exercise on blood glucose concentrations (<i>F</i> = 6.1 <i>p</i> < 0.01). In GT1D , lower glucose levels were observed in normobaric hypoxia compared with baseline and post-exercise levels in normoxia (<i>p</i> < 0.05). A tendency to increased maximal oxygen uptake and significantly higher minute pulmonary ventilation was observed in both groups in response to exercise and hypoxia.ConclusionsPhysical activity and hypoxia may effectively control glucose homeostasis and increase cardiorespiratory adaptation to exercise in Type 1 diabetics.
Body posture in young women involved in regular aerobic exercise
Authors: Drzał-Grabiec Justyna , Truszczyńska Aleksandra 
Published: May 2015

PurposeThe aim of the study was an assessment of posture in women who regularly perform aerobic exercise.MethodsThe study group consisted of 50 women actively participating in aerobics classes (mean: age 28.64 ± 5.3 years, body mass 59.83 ± 6.7 kg, height 167.75 ± 4.9 cm, BMI 21.24 ± 3.6 m/kg<sup>2</sup>) and a control group of 50 women not involved in any regular physical activity (mean: age 28.55 ± 5.05 years, body mass 62.47 ± 10.5 kg, height 167.74 ± 4.8 cm, BMI 22.26 ± 4.8 m/kg<sup>2</sup>). All participants were subjected to a photogrammetric assessment of posture.ResultsStatistically significant differences in posture were identified between the two groups for lumbarosacral and thoracolumbar spinal curvatures.ConclusionsWomen who regularly perform aerobic exercise present greater thoracic kyphosis and shoulder asymmetry than women not involved in aerobics.