bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of pre-magnetized magnetorheological elastomer for bidirectionally variable stiffness applications
Authors: Lee Choonghan , Yim Woosoon 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are materials that leverage magnetic forces among ferromagnetic particles to induce variable stiffness and damping under external magnetic fields. However, conventional MREs have limitations in achieving reduced stiffness when exposed to an external magnetic field. In response to the need for rapid and bidirectional changes in stiffness, this research proposes a novel approach—pre-magnetized MREs—using permanently magnetized ferromagnetic particles instead of an external permanent magnet for magnetic bias. The pre-magnetized MRE, fabricated with silica-coated neodymium alloy particles and silicone elastomer, undergoes a comprehensive investigation of design parameters, including silicone resin selection, particle thickness, size, and weight ratio. The study explores the directional effects of pre-magnetization through simulations, considering forces among magnetized particles and the hyperelasticity of the elastomer. Experimental investigations involve measuring shear moduli for different shear strains under varying magnetization directions. The results highlight the impact of resin type, particle size, and weight ratio on the magnetorheological (MR) effect. Additionally, an application testbed is developed to assess bi-directional changes in stiffness for various core materials. The study reveals a correlation between MR effect/response time and the magnetic permeabilities of core materials, along with the attraction and repulsion forces between the core and magnetized particles. Observations indicate that the MR effect for different core materials ranges from 0.08% to 0.25%, with response times measured at 40 and 46 ms for forward and reverse currents, respectively. The findings contribute valuable insights into optimizing the design and performance of pre-magnetized MREs for enhanced bi-directional stiffness control in engineering applications.
Contraction of ZX diagrams with triangles via stabiliser decompositions
Authors: Koch Mark , Yeung Richie , Wang Quanlong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Recent advances in classical simulation of Clifford+T circuits make use of the ZX calculus to iteratively decompose and simplify magic states into stabiliser terms We improve on this method by studying stabiliser decompositions of ZX diagrams involving the triangle operation. We show that this technique greatly speeds up the simulation of quantum circuits involving multi-controlled gates which can be naturally represented using triangles. We implement our approach in the QuiZX library (2022 A. Kissinger amd J. van de Wetering Quantum Science and Technology
7, 044001), (2022 A. Kissinger et al F. Le Gall and T. Morimae, ed. 17th Conference on the Theory of Quantum Computation, Communication and Cryptography (TQC 2022), Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs) 232, Schloss Dagstuhl—Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, Dagstuhl, Germany, pp 5:1–5:13) and demonstrate a significant simulation speed-up (up to multiple orders of magnitude) for random circuits and a variation of previously used benchmarking circuits. Furthermore, we use our software to contract diagrams representing the gradient variance of parametrised quantum circuits, which yields a tool for the automatic numerical detection of the barren plateau phenomenon in ansätze used for quantum machine learning. Compared to traditional statistical approaches, our method yields exact values for gradient variances and only requires contracting a single diagram. The performance of this tool is competitive with tensor network approaches, as demonstrated with benchmarks against the quimb library (2018 J. Gray Journal of Open Source Software
3, 819).
First-principles study of vacancy-impurity (C, N, O) interactions in vanadium
Authors: Pan Shilong , Zhang Honglin , Wang Yanhui , Yang Ruizhe , Xu Bin , Ma Hui , Lv Xuewei , Sun Mingyue 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Interstitial impurities of C, N, and O typically exist in V and its alloys, which have significant effects on the structure and properties of the materials due to their strong interaction with the vacancies. In this study, the structure and energy properties of vacancy-impurity complexes in V are comprehensively investigated by first principles calculations. The effects of impurity concentration and temperature on the concentration distribution of the complexes were studied using statistical methods. The results showed that the Vac

n

X
2 complexes exhibit a high sequential binding energy. There is an evident mutual attraction between the vacancy and the O atom, and it has a higher affinity than the C or N atom. The simple defect complexes of Vac
1
X
1–2 have always been the most abundant type of complex defect in V. The trapping effect of vacancy on C, N, and O atom is very significant at low temperatures rather than at high temperatures. This study would broaden the understanding of vacancy-impurity interactions in vanadium and provide new insights into the influence of C, N, and O on vacancy defect concentrations.
Consequence of coherent Cu5Zr precipitates and Cu2O passive layer formation on the corrosive behaviour of additively processed Cu-Cr-Zr alloy in simulated seawater
Authors: Jeyaprakash N , Kumar M Saravana , Alnaser Ibrahim A , Yang Che-Hua 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The Cu-Cr-Zr copper alloy is known for its outstanding electrical conductivity and fatigue strength. However, the corrosion behaviour of the copper alloy should also be taken into account when adopting it in industrial applications, especially in the marine environments. This research aims to fabricate Cu alloy coupons using the Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) technique and subsequently test their corrosive performance in simulated seawater. This research confirms that the Cu5Zr precipitate formation during the LPBF process and the Cu2O passive layer formation were the main reason for the enhanced corrosive behavior of the LPBFed copper alloy. The OM (Optical Microscope), FESEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope) images supported in evaluating melt pool formations and irregularities, and also confirmed the polycrystalline structure. The diffraction pattern from the TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) analysis confirmed the formation of Cu5Zr precipitate and grain size distribution, while their orientations were obtained from the EBSD (Electron Based Scattered Diffraction) EBSD analysis. Micro hardness was executed on the scanning and building directions, and it was found that the building direction possessed higher hardness of 54 HV0.3 which was 5% higher than in the scanning direction. This significant fluctuation in the hardness value is due to the closely packed equiaxed and columnar grains along the outer and inner regions of the melt pools. Potentio-dynamic polarization (PD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests were performed on the printed copper alloy parts for various immersion periods of 0, 9, 18 and 38 h. Further, the XRD (x-ray Diffraction) analysis was performed on the corroded surface and it confirmed the Cu2O passive layer and the occurrence of Cu5Zr precipitate. The occurrence of Cu5Zr precipitates and Cu2O passive layer formation helped attain the maximum polarization resistance of 2033.8 ohm and minimum current density of 5.928 × 10−6 A cm−2 with minimum surface roughness of 3.447 μm.
Shannon entropy of a particle on a conical surface
Authors: Arvizu L M , Castaño E , Aquino N 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this work we solve the time-independent Schrödinger equation of a particle restricted to move on the surface of a circular cone of finite height. The energy eigenvalues, as well as the corresponding wave functions, are obtained analytically as a function of,

r

and

ϕ
,

the radial distance to the apex,

0
≤
r
≤

r

0

,

and the angular variable around the axis of the cone. We compute the Shannon entropy of this system in both configuration and momentum space as a function of

r

0

and

θ

0

,

the angular semi-aperture of the cone. In configuration space, the Shannon entropy decreases, signalling a more pronounced localization, as either

r

0

or

θ

0

diminish; in momentum space, an opposite behaviour happens, i.e., the Shannon entropy increases when either,

r

0

or

θ

0

,

decrease. We also compute the radial standard deviation; we find that the Shannon entropy better describes the localization-delocalization phenomena. The present results agree with those previously published for a particle confined to a circle of radius

r

0

,

which corresponds to

θ

0

=
π
/
2

in the present case.
Photovoltaic array fault detection based on a new model of series equivalent resistance
Authors: Pei Tingting , Wang Hao , Chen Wei , Wang Shuo , Pan Duoyi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
To address the difficulty of detecting photovoltaic array faults using photovoltaic array model parameters in photovoltaic power stations, a photovoltaic array fault detection method based on a new series equivalent resistance model is proposed. In this method, first, a mathematical model of the series equivalent resistance of a photovoltaic module is established based on the single-diode model of the photovoltaic module using the characteristics of this module when it operates at the maximum power point, short circuit and open circuit. Second, a new model of the series equivalent resistance of the photovoltaic array is obtained based on the mathematical model of the series equivalent resistance of the newly constructed photovoltaic module, and a series equivalent resistance fault detection model is proposed under short-circuit, degradation and shadow faults. Finally, the proposed new model of the series equivalent resistance of photovoltaic arrays is compared with three existing mathematical models to verify its validity and accuracy. Simultaneously, the series equivalent resistance fault detection model is verified in the case of short-circuit, degradation and shadow faults of photovoltaic arrays.
A semi-analytical solutions of the multi-dimensional time-fractional Klein-Gordon equations using residual power series method
Authors: Meena Rakesh Kumar , Kumar Sushil 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study presents a novel approach to getting a semi-analytical solution to the multi-dimensional time-fractional linear and nonlinear Klein–Gordon equations with appropriate initial conditions using the residual power series method. The time-fractional derivative (β) is used in the context of the Caputo approach. Some test examples of KGEs are considered to illustrate the validity and efficiency of the employed RPS method. The RPS solutions are compared with the exact solutions for β = 2 to ensure the method’s reliability and precision. The error bound and convergence analysis of the proposed method are also examined. The effects of the distinct values of fractional order β ∈ (1, 2] on the behavior of the proposed equations are also discussed.
Laplacian and bilateral weighted relative total variation sparse angle CT reconstruction
Authors: Du Xiaoshuang , Kong Huihua , Pan Jinxiao , Qi Ziwen , Li Jiaxin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Reconstruction of computed tomography (CT) images under sparse data conditions often leads to compromised quality, which can result in diagnostic inaccuracies. This study introduces a novel iterative reconstruction algorithm that combines a second-order differential Laplacian operator with a bilateral weighted relative total variation model to enhance the CT image quality from sparse datasets. The approach is designed to efficiently capture sharp edges and fine textures while reducing noise and maintaining critical edge features. Numerical simulations and preliminary clinical testing demonstrate that the algorithm significantly reduces streak artifacts and improves edge clarity, outperforming traditional methods in both qualitative and quantitative analyses. In summary, the developed iterative reconstruction algorithm substantially enhances the reconstruction quality of CT images with sparse data, showing significant advantages over conventional techniques, and promises to significantly improve the accuracy and reliability of clinical imaging diagnostics.
Study on low-mid-frequency broadband sound absorption properties of bending acoustic metamaterials with embedded porous materials
Authors: Zeng Qiuyu , Xu Tao , Liu Yang , Dusengumuremyi Victor , Cheng Baozhu , Hou Hong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
With the rapid development of the traffic industry, noise issues are becoming increasingly serious, and the traditional noise control technologies have the problems of poor low-frequency noise absorption and narrow bandwidth. This study proposes a variable-section bending acoustic metamaterial with an embedded porous material (VS_BAMP). A theoretical model of the VS_BAMP unit is developed based on the Johnson-Champoux-Allard (JCA) model and the impedance transfer method. The sound absorption unit with a thickness of 48 mm exhibits a quasi-perfect (α = 0.98) at 736 Hz, and an efficient sound absorption (α > 0.8) in the range of 574 Hz–966 Hz. Based on the complex frequency plane method, this work designs sound absorption units that exhibit perfect sound absorption at discrete frequencies. By connecting two different absorption units (PVS_BAMP) in parallel, efficient sound absorption from 424 Hz to 1500 Hz is achieved. Finally, the accuracy of the theoretical model is verified by experiments and simulations, confirming the effective sound absorption of PVS_BAMP structure in the middle and low frequency bands. The prepared PVS_BAMP is highly adjustable, has a wide bandwidth, and can be prepared through a simple manufacturing process. Our results can provide a theoretical basis for the design of compact low-mid-frequency broadband noise reduction structures for practical application.
Systematic investigation of physical properties of Mg3XO4 (X = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni); a computational approach
Authors: Al Selgin , İyigör Ahmet , Körlü Ali , Arikan Nihat 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Material development is primarily dependent on their design and theoretical exploration. Density functional theory is a great tool to achieve this goal. Here, Mg3XO4 (X = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) are considered in order to reveal their full characteristics using density functional theory. Mg3XO4 (X = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) are investigated in terms of their structural, elastic, mechanical, thermodynamic, electronic, and dynamic properties. The formation energies for Mg3XO4 (X = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) are found to be negative implying synthesisability and dynamic stability of these materials. The evolution of elastic constants of materials demonstrates that all materials satisfy the Born stability criterion, hence Mg3XO4 (X = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) are mechanically stable. Several polycrystalline parameters are derived by using elastic constants and evaluated. All materials are found be brittle, hard (Vickers hardness) and magnetic. They exhibit some degree of anisotropy in Young/Shear modulus and Poisson’s ratio. The electronic band structures for Mg3CrO4, Mg3MnO4 and Mg3FeO4 indicated a semi-metallic nature whereas for Mg3CoO4 and Mg3NiO4 indicated metallic nature because both the majority and minority energy bands cut the Fermi level. The phonon modes are found to be in positive frequencies that confirms dynamical stability. The materials’ free energy, entropy, specific heat capacity, Debye and melting temperatures, minimum thermal conductivity and Grüneisen parameters are also obtained and discussed.
A new model for magneto-optical sensor based on geometrical parameters and refractive index
Authors: Abbasi Sajad , Salehi Mohammad Reza , Emami Farzin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this work, an all-dielectric magneto-optical refractometric sensor was designed using two methods: simulation analysis and modeling. In this structure, bismuth-substituted yttrium iron garnet (Bi: YIG), lithium niobate (LiNbO3), and silicon oxide (SiO2) are used to construct the grating, the middle layer, and the output part of the sensor, respectively. A magnetic field in the z-direction generates the transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (TMOKE) signal to activate the structure. In addition, an optical field of 630 nm is applied to the structure. The model was created based on the geometrical parameters, the direction of the magnetic field, and the refractive index. The best-fit response was obtained by sweeping the period and refractive index of the analyte so that the output signals have an almost complete overlap with the response from the simulation. The change in refractive index leads to a shift of 0.4° in TMOKE, which is consistent with the simulation results. The time required for the analysis in the model by the system with CORE i7 (8 core) CPU and 32 GB RAM was a maximum of 30 s, while more than 1800 s were spent on the simulation.
On Sawada-Kotera and Kaup-Kuperschmidt integrable systems
Authors: Gürses Metin , Pekcan Aslı 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
To obtain new integrable nonlinear differential equations there are some well-known methods such as Lax equations with different Lax representations. There are also some other methods that are based on integrable scalar nonlinear partial differential equations. We show that some systems of integrable equations published recently are the

M

2

-extension of integrable such scalar equations. For illustration, we give Korteweg–de Vries, Kaup-Kupershmidt, and Sawada-Kotera equations as examples. By the use of such an extension of integrable scalar equations, we obtain some new integrable systems with recursion operators. We also give the soliton solutions of the systems and integrable standard nonlocal and shifted nonlocal reductions of these systems.
Transport performance of a dimer in inertial frictional ratchets
Authors: Fan Li-Ming , Ai Bao-quan , Chen Jin-can , Gao Tian-fu , Zheng Zhi-gang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This investigation focuses on the under-damped Brownian transport of a dimer characterized by two harmonically interacting components. The friction coefficients between the dimer components are different; thus the dynamic symmetry of the system is broken. In addition, the inertial ratchets are synchronously modulated by the feedback control protocol in time. Here, we analyze the transport performance by studying the average velocity and energy conversion efficiency of the dimer induced by friction symmetry breaking and external forces. Furthermore, we can also identify the enhancement of the centre-of-mass mean velocity and energy conversion efficiency of inertial frictional ratchets for intermediate values of the driving amplitude, coupling strength and damping force. Remarkably, in the weak bias case, the directed transport of inertial Brownian particles can be reversed twice by modulating the suitable friction of the dimer. In particular, the frictional ratchets can acquire a series of resonant steps under the influence of harmonic force. These conclusions of reliable transport in noisy environments are expected to provide insights into the performance of natural molecular motors.
Anomalous Hall effect and electronic correlation in a spin-reoriented kagome antiferromagnet LuFe6Sn6
Authors: Lyu 吕 Meng 孟 , Liu 刘 Yang 洋 , Zhang 张 Shen 伸 , Liu 刘 Junyan 俊艳 , Yang 杨 Jinying 金颖 , Wang 王 Yibo 一博 , Feng 冯 Yiting 乙婷 , Dong 董 Xuebin 学斌 , Wang 王 Binbin 彬彬 , Wei 魏 Hongxiang 红祥 , Liu 刘 Enke 恩克 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The kagome lattice system has been identified as a fertile ground for the emergence of a number of new quantum states, including superconductivity, quantum spin liquids, and topological electronic states. This has attracted significant interest within the field of condensed matter physics. Here, we present the observation of an anomalous Hall effect in an iron-based kagome antiferromagnet LuFe6Sn6, which implies a non-zero Berry curvature in this compound. By means of extensive magnetic measurements, a high Neel temperature, T
N = 552 K, and a spin reorientation behavior were identified and a simple temperature-field phase diagram was constructed. Furthermore, this compound was found to exhibit a large Sommerfeld coefficient of γ = 87 mJ⋅mol−1⋅K−2, suggesting the presence of a strong electronic correlation effect. Our research indicates that LuFe6Sn6 is an intriguing compound that may exhibit magnetism, strong correlation, and topological states.
Constraining the Earth-mass Primordial Black Hole Mergers Model of the Non-repeating FRBs Using the First CHIME/FRB Catalog
Authors: Meng Min , Huang Qiu-Ju , Deng Can-Min 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we upgrade the constraints for the Earth-mass primordial black hole mergers model based on the first Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME)/fast radio burst (FRB) catalog. Assuming the null hypothesis that the observed non-repeating FRBs originate from Earth-mass primordial black hole mergers, we find that how the charges were distributed in the primordial black hole population is well described by a double power-law function with typical charge value of

q

c

/

10

−
5

=

1.60

−
0.28

+
0.28

, where the power-law index

α

1

=

2.33

−
0.18

+
0.15

for q < q
c and

α

2

=

4.56

−
0.26

+
0.30

for q ≥ q
c. Here, q represents the charge of the black hole in units of

G

M

, where M is the mass of the black hole. Furthermore, we infer the local event rate of the bursts is

8.8

−
2.1

+
5.7

×

10

4

Gpc

−
3

yr

−
1

, which indicates that an abundance of the primordial black hole population f ≳ 10−4 is needed to account for the observed FRBs by CHIME. The results of this paper lay the basis for further research on the electromagnetic radiation background generated by the merger of primordial black hole mergers.
Characterizing upper limb motor dysfunction with temporal and spatial distribution of muscle synergy extracted from high-density surface electromyography
Authors: Zhang Haoshi , Peng Boxing , Chen Ziyin , Peng Yinghu , Zhou Xiaomeng , Geng Yanjuan , Li Guanglin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective. To promote the development of objective and comprehensive motion function assessment for patients, based on high-density surface electromyography (HD-sEMG), this study investigates the temporal and spatial variations of neuromuscular activities related to upper limb motor dysfunction. Approach. Patients with unilateral upper limb motor dysfunction and healthy controls were enrolled in the study. HD-sEMG was collected from both arms while they were performing eight hand and wrist movements. Muscle synergies were extracted from the HD-sEMG. Symmetry of bilateral upper limb synergies and synergy differences between motions were proposed as spatial indicators to measure alterations in synergy spatial distribution. Additionally, as a temporal characteristic, the correlation of bilateral upper limb activation coefficient was proposed to describe the coordination control of the central nervous system. All temporal and spatial indicators were compared between patients and healthy subjects. Main results. The patients showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the symmetry of bilateral upper limb synergy spatial distribution and correlation of bilateral upper limb activation coefficient. Patients with motor dysfunction also showed an increase in synergy similarity between motions, indicating altered spatial distribution of muscle synergies. Significance. These findings provide valuable insights into specific patterns associated with motor dysfunction, informing motor function assessment, and guiding targeted interventions and rehabilitation strategies for neurologically disordered patients.