bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lp
boundedness of the commutators of
Marcinkiewicz integrals with rough kernels
Authors: Chen Yanping , Ding Yong 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
This paper is devoted to the study of the Lp
-mapping properties of the commutators

μ

Ω
;
b
,
1

${\mu _{\Omega ;b,1}}$

,

μ

Ω
,
λ
;
b
,
1

*

${ \mu _{\Omega ,\lambda ;b,1}^{*}}$

and

μ

Ω
,
S
;
b
,
1

${ \mu _{\Omega ,S;b,1}}$

, which are formed respectively by a BMO

(

ℝ
n

)

${(\mathbb {R}^n)}$

function b(x) and a class of rough Marcinkiewicz
integral operators

μ
Ω

${\mu _\Omega }$

,

μ

Ω
,
λ

*

${\mu _{\Omega ,\lambda }^{*}}$

and

μ

Ω
,
S

${\mu _{\Omega ,S}}$

related to the Littlewood–Paley g-function, the Littlewood–Paley

g
λ
*

${g_\lambda ^*}$

-function and the Lusin area integral, respectively, with the kernel condition which is different from the condition
Ω ∈ H
1(S

n-1).
Use of antidepressants for major depressive disorder in children and adolescents: clinical considerations
Authors: Picouto María Dolores , Braquehais María Dolores 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a frequent condition among children and, especially, among adolescents. However, its clinical presentation usually differs from that of adults. It is also associated with other diagnoses and with an increased morbidity and mortality. However, MDD in this population remains underrecognized and undertreated. Antidepressants (ATDs) are chosen when psychoeducational, psychosocial and/or psychotherapeutic approaches have failed. ATDs are generally used in severe cases, and are always combined with psychological treatments. The objective of this work is to discuss the role of ATD in child and adolescent MDD. We focus on the recommendations of the most cited and updated clinical guidelines and discuss some controversial aspects with regards efficacy and safety issues that have been raised based on the information obtained from clinical trials. Finally, we offer some practical recommendations for clinicians. All these findings also pose some doubt on the hypothesis of MDD as a homogeneous phenomenon during the human life cycle.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and dual disorders. Educational needs for an underdiagnosed condition
Authors: Martinez-Raga Jose , Szerman Nestor , Knecht Carlos , de Alvaro Raquel 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
A wide range of comorbid psychiatric disorders overlap with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) across the life span. There is a robust and complex link between ADHD and substance use disorders (SUD). The aim of this report was to review the neurobiological and other vulnerability factors explaining the comorbidity of ADHD and an addictive disorder, as well as the key aspects of the assessment and diagnosis of dually diagnosed ADHD patients. A comprehensive and systematic search of relevant databases (PubMed, Embase, and PsychINFO) was conducted to identify studies published in peer-reviewed journals until July 31, 2012, with the aim of exploring the association of ADHD and SUD with postgraduate training and residency education. Across the life span, ADHD is associated with significant impairment and comorbidity. Data from epidemiological, clinical and epidemiological studies show a very solid link between ADHD and SUD. Therefore, it is very important to carefully and systematically assess for any substance use in patients with suspected ADHD coming to initial assessment, and vice versa. While there are various valid and reliable rating and screening scales, diagnosis cannot solely rely on any of the instruments available for both SUD and ADHD in adult patients with dual pathology. The most important and effective tool in the assessment of dually diagnosed patients with ADHD and SUD is a full and comprehensive clinical and psychosocial assessment. Hence, it is essential to actively incorporate training opportunities on the assessment, diagnosis, and management of adult ADHD and dually diagnosed ADHD patients during postgraduate education residency or specialist training.
Population dynamics of Sonoran Desert saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea) at the Desert Laboratory (Tucson, Arizona)
Authors: Rodriguez-Buritica Susana , Raichle Helen , Birt Trevor , Webb Robert H. , Turner Raymond M. , Pierson Elizabeth A. , Venable D. Lawrence 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea) is one of the most iconic perennials in the Sonoran Desert. The ecological importance of this species has motivated studies that explored its physiological adaptations to deserts, factors controlling its recruitment and distribution, and changes in its population density and extent over time. The population of saguaros on Tumamoc Hill (Tucson, Arizona) is one of the best studied. Saguaros on and nearby Tumamoc Hill were mapped in 1908, and in 1964 R. M. Turner and J. R. Hastings established four 250‐m wide plots within the original census area. Plots were established on the north‐, south‐, east‐, and west‐facing slopes of Tumamoc Hill, and each plot extends from the top to the base of the hill. Plots were resurveyed in 1970, 1987, 1993, and between 2010 and 2012. In this Data Paper, we present all information associated with this monitoring program, which includes digital versions of Spalding's original 1908 saguaro map as well as information regarding individual saguaros located in each of the four plots. Collected data include plant height, number of branches, and plant condition, as well as plant location. Starting in 1993, we also noted the identity and condition of plant species growing in close proximity to each saguaro. The archived data set described here contains information pertaining to >5800 saguaros.Past analyses of these data include reconstructions of regeneration patterns from observed age structures and the determination of the average height‐specific growth rates for plants on each slope. The findings from these studies have broadened our understanding of the relationship between saguaro regeneration patterns and climate. These data have also provided pivotal information regarding regional trends of saguaro populations throughout the Sonoran Desert. As a group, the Tumamoc Hill censuses constitute one of the longest spatially explicit monitoring efforts for a single species in the world. They provide an observational baseline for future comparisons relating individual growth and population demographics to rising CO2 levels, climate change, vegetation change, or changes in other biotic or abiotic factors.
The Impact of Noise and Mismatch on SAR ADCs and a Calibratable Capacitance Array Based Approach for High Resolutions
Authors: Mueller Jan Henning , Strache Sebastian , Busch Laurens , Wunderlich Ralf , Heinen Stefan 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
This paper describes widely used capacitor structures for charge-redistribution (CR) successive approximation register (SAR) based analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and analyzes their linearity limitations due to kT/C noise, mismatch and parasitics. Results of mathematical considerations and statistical simulations are presented which show that most widespread dimensioning rules are overcritical. For high-resolution CR SAR ADCs in current CMOS technologies, matching of the capacitors, influenced by local mismatch and parasitics, is a limiting factor. For high-resolution medium-speed CR SAR ADCs, a novel capacitance array based approach using in-field calibration is proposed. This architecture promises a high resolution with small unit capacitances and without expensive factory calibration as laser trimming.
Stream Division by a Channel Bottom Orifice
Authors: Sawicki Jerzy M. , Siebert Michał 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
A particularly important application of devices dividing a stream of liquid is in storm water drainage systems. Dividers of rainwater sewage streams have in recent years aroused considerable interest among producers of separators. It is therefore important to develop mathematically simple and, if possible, physically precise methods of sizing such structures. It is all the more important given that there are few such methods in the literature on hydraulics. This work is meant to partially remedy this deficiency by elaborating on the calculation methodology and by verifying it empirically. A circular orifice at the bottom of the supplying channel is technically the simplest type of stream divider (which makes it higly practical and particularly appealing to producers). A procedure for dimensioning the structure under consideration is proposed here. It is formally simple, being meant as a practical designing tool. This proposal has been verified experimentally. The degree of the division of the stream was measured in a laboratory model. The main issues were the stability of the characteristics of the lateral outflow and the possibility of applying the classical equations of hydraulics to size the type of divider considered here. In both cases the results obtained may be regarded as positive. Admittedly, the output of the lateral outflow exceeds the nominal value for greater inflows Qp, but it is at most double the nominal value. From a technical point of view, this may be regarded as a good result, considering the simplicity of the system. The answer to the second issue proved even more satisfactory. It turns out that the formally simple hydraulics relationships provide a technically consistency of theory with measurement results. Thus the designing of objective devices does not require the application of difficult, time-consuming and costly methodology.
Characteristics of body tissue composition and functional traits in junior football players
Authors: Burdukiewicz Anna , Chmura Jan , Pietraszewska Jadwiga , Andrzejewska Justyna , Stachoń Aleksandra , Nosal Jarosław 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe aim of this study was to examine the body tissue composition and functional traits of young football players.MethodsAnalysis was performed on 23 junior football players. Body mass and height were measured. Bioelectrical impedance was used to assess the players’ body composition (fat mass, muscle mass, body cell mass and extracellular mass). The body mass index, body cell mass index and the extracellular mass/body cell mass ratio were also calculated. Functional traits were assessed by a one-on-one football game in an enclosed space with the objective to score the highest number of goals in a timed setting. Measurements of HRrest, HRmax and heart rate reserve were used to evaluate the efficiency of the subjects’ cardiovascular systems.ResultsInsignificant differences in body tissue composition and cardiovascular efficiency were found regardless of what position was played. Overall, forwards were characterised by having the greatest height, the highest level of active body tissue development and the most efficient cardiovascular systems. Defenders were characterised by having larger body build, while midfielders displayed a significantly greater percentage of extracellular mass and EMC in relation to BC M.ConclusionsThe results reveal that trends exist in the body tissue composition and cardiovascular efficiency of football players depending on which position they play. These differences reflect the varied physical efforts players perform during a match and should be taken into consideration when designing training programmes.
Effects of elbow flexor muscle resistance training on strength, endurance and perceived exertion
Authors: Gonçalves Mauro , Oliveira Anderson Souza Castelo 
Published: July 2013

PurposeTo verify the effects of resistance training at the electromyographic fatigue threshold (EMGFT) based on one-repetition maximum strength (1RM), heart rate (HR), rate of perceived exertion (PE) and endurance time (EndT).MethodsNineteen subjects (training group [TG]: <i>n</i> = 10; control group [CG]: <i>n</i> = 9), performed 1-min bicep curl exercises sets at 25%, 30%, 35% and 40% 1RM. Electromyography (biceps brachii and brachiorradialis), HR and PE were registered. Biceps brachii EMGFT was used to create a load index for an eight-week resistance training programme (three sets until exhaustion/session, two sessions/week) for the TG. The CG only attended one session in the first week and another session in the last week of the eight-week training period for EndT measurement. EndT was determined from the number of repetitions of each of the three sets performed in the first and last training sessions. After training, 1RM, EMGFT, EndT, HR and PE at the different bicep curl load intensities were again measured for both groups.ResultsIncreases in 1RM (5.9%,<i> p</i> < 0.05) and EndT (> 60%, <i>p</i> < 0.001) after training were found. In addition, PE was reduced at all load intensities (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while no changes were found for HR and EMGFT after training.ConclusionsStrength-endurance training based on the EMGFT improved muscular endurance and also, to a lesser extent, muscular strength. Moreover, the reduced levels of physical exertion after training at the same intensity suggest that endurance training exercises may improve comfort while performing strength exercises.
The effects of resisted sprint training on speed performance in women
Authors: Makaruk Beata , Sozański Henryk , Makaruk Hubert , Sacewicz Tomasz 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe main aim of the study was to examine the effects of resisted and standard sprint training on the kinematics of sprintrunning acceleration in women.MethodsThirty-six untrained but physically active female college students were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a running resisted training group (RTG, <i>n</i> = 12), a standard training group (STG, <i>n</i> = 12), and a control group (CON, <i>n</i> = 12). All participants in the experimental groups trained three times a week for four weeks, followed by a 1-week training break, after which they trained again for four weeks. Pre-training, post-training and detraining (three weeks after completing the training programs) measures of mean running velocity, stride length, stride frequency, knee angle at toe off and footstrike, ground contact time, and flight time were analyzed by a 20 m sprint test.ResultsThe RTG improved mean running velocity and increased stride length and knee angle at toe off. Simultaneously, the RTG featured decreased stride frequency and increased ground contact time. The STG demonstrated an increase in mean running velocity due to higher stride frequency and a decrease in ground contact time. All of the measured parameters did not significantly decrease after the three-week detraining period. The control group featured no changes.ConclusionsBoth resisted and standard sprint training improves speed in sprint-running acceleration in women by improving different sprint kinematic parameters.
The Ottoman Model in Jerusalem, the Common Capital of All Religions
Authors: Akgündüz Ahmed 
Published: July 2013

Muslim Quarter“As Jerusalem was a sacred town for not only the Muslims but also the Christians and the Jews, it was visited by a colossal number of visitors from all over the world during the sovereignty of the Ottomans as has the case ever been. We will explore this fact with many firmans by Ottoman Sultans. During the reigning era of the Ottomans there used to be four large quarters in Jerusalem. In the northeast thereof was located the , where were found the Town Hall, Masjid Al-Aqsa and Sahra Al-Mukaddasa (the Holy Desert). In the northwest was theDuring the period of Ottoman State, the holy places pertaining to Christians, Muslims and Jews have been explained and described according Ottoman Archives. If lesson is derived from history, there certainly exist ways out of the crisis of Jerusalem. Our proposal is to return those days of peace and tranquillity by setting forth, with some additions, from the Ottoman Model that had been successfully practiced for 450 years.
Engaging Student Teachers in Sustainable Praxis in Aotearoa/New Zealand
Authors: Smorti Sue , Peters-Algie Madeleine , Rau Cheryl 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
This paper draws on the narratives of three teaching staff as they collaborate to transform student teachersí thinking and praxis about sustainability through a bicultural perspective that acknowledges indigenous and Western ideologies. It will discuss some of the experiences that the student teachers found to be transformational such as: whakapapa (our connectedness to all things, both living and non-living) and a mini action research project on the ërubbishí generated on their class days. The question the co-researchers pose: How is the [bicultural] conceptual framework visible in our teaching and learning about sustainability? Our findings suggest that student teachers become articulate and passionate about sustainability through engagement in activities that challenge the ëtakenfor- grantedí everyday practices. As confidence and competence increases, student teachers can realise their potential to make significant curriculum changes as they work alongside children and their families to care for planet earth.
Positive Youth Action Towards Climate Change
Authors: Buttigieg Karen , Pace Paul 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
This study focuses on the experiences of young people who are leaders of change in the environmental field. This study views environmental activism as a personal commitment towards pro-environmental behaviour. The motivations and challenges of such work are viewed as important to learn more not only about volunteering in environmental organisations, but also about pro-environmental behaviour. The main research problem was to explore these individualsí present and past life experiences, in the light of their activism, towards the issue of climate change. Narrative inquiry was chosen as a methodology for this research as it gives importance to experience and facilitates the study of an issue in all of its wholeness and complexity. The research involved in-depth interviews with three participants as well as living alongside the participants in an effort to build a relationship with them and to experience being an environmental activist. The participants were members of a local environmental organisation ñ Friends of the Earth (Malta). The outcomes of this study provide an opportunity for reflection on the factors that affect pro-environmental attitudes and behaviour and their implications on environmental education. This reflection will enable informed efforts to engage more young people in environmental activism. From the narratives produced, it is clear that there is no single factor that is optimal for promoting pro-environmental behaviour and environmental activism. These are, in fact, determined by a combination of interrelated factors.
The Influence of Therapeutic Training on Changes in Selected Biomechanical Variables After an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Jarocka Marta , Czaplicki Adam 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Introduction. The number of arthroscopic reconstructions of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has been increasing not only among competitive athletes, but also among recreational athletes. The monitoring of the rehabilitation process in order to determine a safe time to return to the pre-injury activity is thus of great practical importance. The aim of this paper is to analyse the changes in selected biomechanical variables which occur after the therapeutic training following an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Materials and methods. Twenty nine males (age 27.3 ± 5.7 years) after the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction participated in the study. A quadruple-stranded semitendinosus/gracilis graft was used for the reconstruction. The biomechanical evaluation of the rehabilitation process was provided by an isokinetic dynamometer Biodex System Pro-3 working at speeds of 60 deg/s and 180 deg/s during testing the knee extensor and flexor muscles. In the case of an injured limb, the absolute peak torque, relative peak torque, average power and hamstring/ quadriceps (H/Q) ratio were determined. In addition, the values of flexor and extensor torques for healthy and injured limbs were compared. The study was carried out in four stages: before the surgery, three, six and twelve months after the surgery. Results and analyses. The results showed significant differences in each value between various stages of the biomechanical rehabilitation process of the knee. The applied therapeutic training influenced significantly the changes in the values of the tested variables. The results have confirmed that the biomechanical measurements can be treated as a supplementation to the clinical evaluation of the patient after ACL reconstruction. They may also be used for the optimisation of the therapeutic training.
Asymmetry of Complex Reaction Time in Female Épée Fencers of Different Sports Classes
Authors: Poliszczuk Tatiana , Poliszczuk Dmytro , Da̧browska-Perzyna Agnieszka , Johne Monika 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Introduction. The issue of asymmetry is becoming more and more widespread, causing considerable difficulties for sportspersons. The aim of this study was to assess dynamic asymmetry of complex reaction time in female épée fencers from different sports classes. Material and methods. Study participants comprised 45 female fencers divided into 3 groups. The RT-S5 test of the Vienna Test System was used to record reaction time and motor time in response to visual and audiovisual stimuli. Conclusions. The study found differences in complex reaction time between fencers of different sports classes. Champion-class fencers showed a very high dynamic asymmetry. Considerable differences in complex reaction time were found depending on the type of stimulus involved.
Body Composition of Female Senior Inhabitants of Biała Podlaska vs Their Physical Activity
Authors: Wasiluk Agnieszka , Saczuk Jerzy 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Introduction. The aim of this study was to analyze body composition of female inhabitants of Biała Podlaska aged 60 years and older and characterized by different levels of physical activity. Material and methods. The study material were results from a survey conducted with 180 female inhabitants of Biała Podlaska aged 60 years and older (x 65.30 ± 4.68). The women were analyzed for body height, body mass, BMI and body composition. Their physical activity was determined using the IPAQ questionnaire and according to results achieved the women were classified into two groups: low physical activity (n=132), and moderate and high physical activity (n=48). The average frequency, duration and weekly energy expenditure of physical activities undertaken by the respondents were estimated in both groups. In addition, a social enquiry was conducted that enabled gathering information on the level of education, marital status and family status of the women. Results achieved were elaborated statistically. Results. The marital status 2 2 (χ2 =11.001, p<0.05) and family status (χ2 = 4.113, p<0.05) of the female senior inhabitants of Biała Podlaska were 2 modifying their physical activity to a greater extent that the educational status did (χ2 = 30.360, p>0.05). In addition, significant correlations were observed between absolute values of tissue components of the body and physical activity of the senior women. The average total energy expenditure in the group with a low physical activity accounted for 236.5 MET, whereas in the group with moderate and high physical activity - for 2255.3 MET. Conclusions. The study demonstrated that not only time devoted to physical activity but also its intensity affected the levels of tissue components. Results achieved in the survey indicate the necessity of continuing studies to examine correlations between body composition and physical activity of older population.