bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disproportionated Tin Oxide and Its Nanocomposite for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Park Jae‐Wan , Park Cheol‐Min 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWe exploited the unstable characteristics of solid SnO at all temperatures to develop a simple, fast, inexpensive, and scalable method based on high‐energy ball milling to transform SnO into a disproportionated nanocomposite that consists of amorphized Sn and nanocrystalline SnO2. In the first step of this process, nanostructured disproportionated SnO (d‐SnO) made up of nanosized Sn and SnO2 crystallites is produced by ball milling pure SnO powder. The electrochemical performance of the d‐SnO is then enhanced by creating a d‐SnO/C nanocomposite through additional ball milling. This d‐SnO/C nanocomposite was analyzed by various techniques, such as XRD, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, and extended X‐ray absorption fine structure analysis, and consists of amorphized Sn (≈sub‐3 nm) and nanocrystalline SnO2 (≈5–15 nm) within an amorphous carbon matrix. This structure produces excellent electrochemical performances with a high initial energy density (first charge: 892 mA h g−1 or 1436 mA h cm−3), a relatively good initial Coulombic efficiency (≈73 %), long cycling stability (above 642 mA h g−1 or 1034 mA h cm−3 over 300 cycles), and a fast rate capability (3 C: 585 mA h g−1 or 942 mA h cm−3). Based on these results, we believe that d‐SnO/C nanocomposite electrodes have the potential to create a new area of research in the field of high‐performance Li‐alloy‐based anode materials.
A note on 10Be‐derived mean erosion rates in catchments with heterogeneous lithology: examples from the western Central Andes
Authors: Carretier Sebastien , Regard Vincent , Vassallo Riccardo , Martinod Joseph , Christophoul Frederic , Gayer Eric , Audin Laurence , Lagane Christelle 
Published: May 2015

AbstractMillennial catchment–mean erosion rates derived from terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides are generally based on the assumption that the lithologies of the parent rock each contain the same proportion of quartz. This is not always true for large catchments, in particular at the edge of mountainous plateaus where quartz‐rich basement rocks may adjoin sedimentary or volcano‐sedimentary rocks with low quartz content. The western Central Andes is an example of this type of situation. Different quartz contents may be taken into account by weighting the TCN production rates in the catchment. We recall the underlying theory and show that weighting the TCN production rate may also lead to bias in the case of a spatial correlation between erosion rate and lithology. We illustrate the difference between weighted and unweighted erosion rates for seven catchments (16 samples) in southern Peru and northern Chile and show variations up to a factor of 2 between both approaches. In this dataset, calculated erosion rates considering only granitoid outcrops are better correlated with catchment mean slopes than those obtained without taking into account the geological heterogeneity of the drained watershed. This dataset analysis demonstrates that weighting erosion rates by relative proportions of quartz is necessary to evaluate the uncertainties for calculated catchment–mean erosion rates and may reveal the correlation with geomorphic parameters. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Test–retest reliability of freesurfer measurements within and between sites: Effects of visual approval process
Authors: Iscan Zafer , Jin Tony B. , Kendrick Alexandria , Szeglin Bryan , Lu Hanzhang , Trivedi Madhukar , Fava Maurizio , McGrath Patrick J. , Weissman Myrna , Kurian Benji T. , Adams Phillip , Weyandt Sarah , Toups Marisa , Carmody Thomas , McInnis Melvin , Cusin Cristina , Cooper Crystal , Oquendo Maria A. , Parsey Ramin V. , DeLorenzo Christine 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn the last decade, many studies have used automated processes to analyze magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data such as cortical thickness, which is one indicator of neuronal health. Due to the convenience of image processing software (e.g., FreeSurfer), standard practice is to rely on automated results without performing visual inspection of intermediate processing. In this work, structural MRIs of 40 healthy controls who were scanned twice were used to determine the test–retest reliability of FreeSurfer‐derived cortical measures in four groups of subjects—those 25 that passed visual inspection (approved), those 15 that failed visual inspection (disapproved), a combined group, and a subset of 10 subjects (Travel) whose test and retest scans occurred at different sites. Test–retest correlation (TRC), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and percent difference (PD) were used to measure the reliability in the Destrieux and Desikan–Killiany (DK) atlases. In the approved subjects, reliability of cortical thickness/surface area/volume (DK atlas only) were: TRC (0.82/0.88/0.88), ICC (0.81/0.87/0.88), PD (0.86/1.19/1.39), which represent a significant improvement over these measures when disapproved subjects are included. Travel subjects’ results show that cortical thickness reliability is more sensitive to site differences than the cortical surface area and volume. To determine the effect of visual inspection on sample size required for studies of MRI‐derived cortical thickness, the number of subjects required to show group differences was calculated. Significant differences observed across imaging sites, between visually approved/disapproved subjects, and across regions with different sizes suggest that these measures should be used with caution. Hum Brain Mapp 36:3472–3485, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Predicting landscape sensitivity to present and future floods in the Pacific Northwest, USA
Authors: Safeeq Mohammad , Grant Gordon E. , Lewis Sarah L. , Staab Brian 
Published: May 2015

AbstractFloods are the most frequent natural disaster, causing more loss of life and property than any other in the USA. Floods also strongly influence the structure and function of watersheds, stream channels, and aquatic ecosystems. The Pacific Northwest is particularly vulnerable to climatically driven changes in flood frequency and magnitude, because snowpacks that strongly influence flood generation are near the freezing point and thus sensitive to small changes in temperature. To improve predictions of future flooding potential and inform strategies to adapt to these changes, we mapped the sensitivity of landscapes to changes in peak flows due to climate warming across Oregon and Washington. We first developed principal component‐based models for predicting peak flows across a range of recurrence intervals (2‐, 10‐, 25‐, 50‐, and 100‐years) based on historical instantaneous peak flow data from 1000 gauged watersheds in Oregon and Washington. Key predictors of peak flows included drainage area and principal component scores for climate, land cover, soil, and topographic metrics. We then used these regression models to predict future peak flows by perturbing the climate variables based on future climate projections (2020s, 2040s, and 2080s) for the A1B emission scenario. For each recurrence interval, peak flow sensitivities were computed as the ratio of future to current peak flow magnitudes. Our analysis suggests that temperature‐induced changes in snowpack dynamics will result in large (>30–40%) increases in peak flow magnitude in some areas, principally the Cascades, Olympics, and Blue Mountains and parts of the western edge of the Rocky Mountains. Flood generation processes in lower elevation areas are less likely to be affected, but some of these areas may be impacted by floodwaters from upstream. These results can assist land, water, and infrastructure managers in identifying watersheds and resources that are particularly vulnerable to increased peak flows and developing plans to increase their resilience. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in smoked buffalo mozzarella cheese produced in Campania Region, Italy
Authors: Fasano Evelina , Esposito Francesco , Scognamiglio Gelsomina , Cocchieri Amodio Renata , Cirillo Teresa 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDSmoked mozzarella is obtained through traditional smoking techniques or the use of liquid smoke. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may be produced during the organic matrix combustion. The aim of this study was to evaluate benzo[a]pyrene (B(a)P), benzo[a]anthracene (B(a)A), benzo[b]fluoranthene (B(b)FA), benzo[k]fluoranthene (B(k)FA), benzo[ghi]perylene (B(g,h,i)PE), chrysene (CHR), dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DB(a,h)A) and indeno[1,2,3‐cd]pyrene (IP) in smoked buffalo mozzarella produced in Campania, evaluating also the influence of the different smoking techniques. Milk and mozzarella of the same batch, before and after smoking, were collected. The detection method was basic hydrolysis, clean‐up with silica and detection by HPLC equipped with a fluorescence detector.RESULTSFor milk, only 30% was contaminated. In non‐smoked products the medians were >LODs only for B(a)A and CHR. In smoked mozzarellas the highest median was 0.37 ng g−1 wet weight (CHR).CONCLUSIONIt was found that the consumption of this typical food of Campania does not represent a risk for consumers, considering that the incidences on EFSA dietary intake were always lower than 1.5% for mozzarella cheese and lower than 3% for smoked mozzarella cheese. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Dietary supplementation of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens alters fatty acids of milk and rumen fluid in lactating goats
Authors: Shivani Swati , Srivastava Anima , Shandilya Umesh K , Kale Vishnu , Tyagi Amrish K 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDConjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers have high health amelioration potential and hence it is of great interest to increase the CLA content in dairy products. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of administration of high CLA producing Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens In‐1 on fatty acid composition of milk and rumen fluid in lactating goats. Four groups (n = 5) of lactating goats were assigned the following treatments: Control (C) (basal diet); T1 (basal diet + linoleic acid source), T2 (basal diet + suspension of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens In‐1, 109 CFU head−1) and T3 (basal diet + linoleic acid source + suspension of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens In‐1, 109 CFU head−1).RESULTSRumen liquor and milk samples were collected on days 0, 15, 30, 60 and 90 of the experiment and linoleic isomerase enzyme (LA‐I) activity and fatty acid profiles were elucidated. Major effects of treatments were seen on day 30 of the experiment. Total CLA content of rumen fluid increased (P < 0.05) by 218.72, 182.26 and 304% whereas total saturated fatty acid (SFA) content was lowered (P < 0.05) by 6.1, 4.44 and 9.55% in T1, T2 and T3, respectively, as compared to control. Vaccenic acid in groups T2 and T3 increased (P < 0.05) by 66.67% and 105.7% as compared to control. In milk, total CLA increased by 2.03, 1.61 and 0.61 folds in T3, T2 and T1, respectively. Total monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid content increased (P < 0.05) in group T3 by 14.15 and 37.44%, respectively.CONCLUSIONResults of the present study indicated that administration of B. fibrisolvens In‐1 along with a linoleic acid (LA) source is a useful strategy to alter the biohydrogenation pattern in the rumen that subsequently decreased SFA content while increased CLA and unsaturated fatty acids in ruminant's milk. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Primary stapedotomy in children with otosclerosis: A prospective study of 41 consecutive cases
Authors: Vincent Robert , Wegner Inge , Vonck Bernard M. D. , Bittermann Arnold J. , Kamalski Digna M. A. , Grolman Wilko 
Published: May 2015

Objectives/HypothesisTo prospectively evaluate hearing outcomes in children with otosclerosis undergoing primary stapes surgery.Study DesignA nonrandomized, nonblinded, prospective case series.MethodsThirty‐four consecutive pediatric patients who underwent 41 primary stapedotomies for otosclerosis in a tertiary referral center were included. Patients were included when there was evidence of otosclerotic stapes fixation and they had available postoperative pure‐tone audiometry. Patients underwent primary stapedotomy with vein graft interposition and reconstruction with a regular piston, bucket handle prosthesis, or total ossicular replacement prosthesis. Hearing results were evaluated using pre‐ and postoperative four‐frequency (0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz) audiometry. Air‐conduction thresholds, bone‐conduction thresholds, and air‐bone gaps were measured. Postoperative audiometry was performed at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months after surgery and at a yearly interval thereafter.ResultsOverall, a postoperative air‐bone gap closure of 10 dB or less was achieved in 93% of cases and to within 20 dB in 98% of cases. Mean gain in air‐conduction threshold was 23 dB for the entire case series, and mean air‐bone gap closure was 23 dB. Postoperative sensorineural hearing loss, defined as changes in bone‐conduction thresholds exceeding 10 dB, occurred in one case at last follow‐up. The bone‐conduction threshold deteriorated 13 dB in this case.ConclusionPrimary stapedotomy is a safe and feasible treatment option in children with juvenile otosclerosis.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 126:442–446, 2016
Varactor diode integrated dipole‐EBG base‐station antenna: Enhancing tilted radiation pattern
Authors: Kim Ilkyu , Park Byung‐chul , Lee Jeong‐Hae 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTThe new dipole‐electromagnetic bandgap subarray antenna with an improved steerable beam is designed for base‐station antennas. The proposed antenna consists of four dipole array antenna mounted on the tunable mushroom structure to steer element pattern. Whereas past array antenna utilizes fixed element pattern, beam steering element pattern is used to track the maximum of the array pattern to improve the scan loss of the array pattern. A dipole antenna on 4 × 4 mushroom structure is designed as a compact single element capable of steerable radiation within 0°–27°. The consistent gain around 11.5–12.1 dB is achieved at 3.3 GHz within 0°–27° with the tilted element pattern whereas the gain reduces to 9.4–10.2 dB with fixed element pattern. The antenna radiation pattern is simulated and measured varying capacitances. The measured bandwidth of the antenna covers 3.2–3.55 GHz, which is partial WIMAX band. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1794–1799, 2015
Miniaturized bandpass substrate integrated waveguide filter with frequency‐dependent coupling realized using asymmetric GCPW discontinuity
Authors: Jedrzejewski Andrzej , Szydlowski Lukasz , Mrozowski Michał 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTAn asymmetric GCPW discontinuity is proposed to provide frequency‐dependent coupling in microwave bandpass filters. Wider and narrow sections introduce, respectively, the capacitive and inductive component to the equivalent circuit representing coupling. By selecting the dimensions of the discontinuity and width of the inductive window in substrate integrated waveguide, an additional transmission zero can be introduced at prescribed positions. A distinct feature of the proposed structure is a small footprint and low loss. As an example, a bandpass filter with a central frequency of 4.6 GHz and a 200 MHz passband is designed, and its performance is measured. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1818–1821, 2015
Torsion sensing setup based on a three beam path Mach–Zehnder interferometer
Authors: Sierra‐Hernandez Juan M. , Castillo‐Guzman Arturo , Selvas‐Aguilar Romeo , Vargas‐Rodriguez Everardo , Gallegos‐Arellano Eloisa , Guzman‐Chavez Dinora. A. , Estudillo‐Ayala Julian M. , Jauregui‐Vazquez Daniel , Rojas‐Laguna Roberto 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTIn this letter, a torsion sensing arrangement based on a three beam path Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is presented. The MZI with three beam paths was fabricated by fusion splicing a piece of double ytterbium‐doped double‐cladding photonic crystal fiber (Yb‐d‐DPCF) between two segments of single mode fiber (SMF). Moreover, in our sensing arrangement the Yb‐d‐DPCF segment is acting both as the MZI as the gain medium. Here, a spectral MZI fringe shifting is induced by applying torsion over the Yb‐d‐DPCF. By this setup, a torsion sensitivity of 0.001 nm/° was achieved. Finally, it is shown that the sensing arrangement is compact and robust. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1857–1860, 2015
Reconfigurable UWB antenna with electrically control for triple on‐demand rejection bandwidth
Authors: Nouri Mahdi , Aghdam Sajjad Abazari 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTA varactor diode reconfigurable ultra‐wideband antenna that with electrically controlling the rejects on‐demand WiMAX, WLAN, and C‐BAND signals in the entire 3.1–10.3 GHz range is presented. The antenna design, embedding the active devices, integration with the varactor diode, and biasing network are described. A method to vary the rejection on‐demanded bandwidth is also provided. The fabrication prototype is conformal and double‐sided. Results indicate a successful integration and minimal interference of the varactor diode voltage and biasing circuitry with the antenna, paving the road for more integrated reconfigurable antenna on communication systems using active devices technology. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1894–1897, 2015
Development of small‐sized UWB antenna for binaural hearing AIDS
Authors: Byambaakhuu Batnairamdal , Lee Seung Min , Lee Sang‐Hoon , Cheon Changyul 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTThis article introduces a new small‐sized antenna designed and produced for application in wireless binaural hearing aids. Taking into consideration the antenna position and design of binaural hearing aids, we suggest two different types of small antennas. To reduce the size of both antennas, we used a slot structure and a high‐dielectric constant material. The side that contacts the human skin was coated with a polydimethylsiloxane material that does not cause irritation even with long periods of usage. The proposed antennas were designed to be very small: the human‐body‐contact antenna is 4 × 3.2 × 0.201 mm, and the human‐body‐noncontact antenna is 4 × 4.5 × 0.735 mm. The two antennas operate at the center frequency of 8 GHz, and have an impedance bandwidth greater than 1 GHz. The characteristics of the return loss and radiation pattern were verified for these two antennas by performing the simulation using a three‐dimension phantom, which applied the human electrical properties and practical tests, and the communication performance were verified through the S21 experiment. In addition, by performing the location‐specific S21 experiment and comparing, the location with the best communication performance was determined. Experimental and simulation results in the Case 1 position showed excellent characteristics: the body‐contact antenna exhibited −55.8 dB, and the nonbody‐contact antenna exhibited −55.1 dB. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1883–1889, 2015
Design of an ultrawideband planar circular metal antenna
Authors: Mondal Santanu , Sarkar Partha Pratim 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTIn this article, a planar circular metal antenna is designed for ultrawideband applications. A modified design formula is proposed to predict the lower cut off frequency of the antenna. The error between theoretical and simulated lower cut off frequency is within 5% for variation of radius of the radiating element from 3 to 9 cm. A shorting strip is connected as a top inductive load to reduce the size of the antenna. The simulated and measured reflection coefficient, gain, and radiation pattern of the proposed shorted planar circular metal antenna are in good agreement. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1925–1928, 2015
Scattering theory of waves by a perfectly conducting half‐screen between two different media
Authors: Umul Yusuf Ziya 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTThe scattering process of electromagnetic waves by a half‐plane, located at the interface of two media with different dielectric constants, play an important role in the remote sensing applications and wireless technology for wave propagation over land‐sea transition. In this article, the diffracted fields are obtained for such geometry with the aid of a physical optics‐based method. A scattering integral is constructed for both of the media. The diffracted fields are obtained by the edge point technique and the constants, which were added to the diffraction coefficients, were evaluated from the continuity conditions across the transition of the two mediums. The uniform expressions of the diffracted waves are obtained and the results are investigated numerically. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1928–1933, 2015
A compact octagonal fractal UWBMIMO antenna with WLAN band‐rejection
Authors: Tripathi Shrivishal , Mohan Akhilesh , Yadav Sandeep 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTIn this article, a compact octagonal‐shaped fractal ultrawideband (UWB) multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna is presented and its characteristics are investigated. The application of Koch fractal geometry at the edges of octagonal monopole provides desired miniaturization and wideband phenomena due to its self‐similar and space filling properties. The two octagonal fractal antennas are placed orthogonal to each other and used to construct UWB MIMO antenna. An L‐shaped stub is used in the ground plane of the geometry to provide an improvement in the isolation. The band rejection in wireless local area network band is achieved by etching a C‐shaped slot from the monopole of the individual antenna. The compact dimension 40 × 25 mm2 of the antenna exhibits nearly omnidirectional radiation pattern, a low envelope correlation coefficient (<0.01), with good S‐parameters over the entire UWB frequency range. The measured results show good agreement with the simulated one. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1919–1925, 2015
Miniaturized LTCC elliptic‐function lowpass filters with wide stopbands
Authors: Hsieh Lung‐Hwa , Dai Steve 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTA compact, high‐selectivity, and wide stopband lowpass filter is highly demanded in wireless communication systems to suppress adjacent harmonics and unwanted signals. In this letter, a new miniaturized lowpass filter with elliptic‐function frequency response is introduced. The filter is fabricated in multilayer low temperature cofired ceramics. The size of the miniaturized filter is 5.5 × 3.9 × 1.72 mm3. The measured insertion loss of the filter is better than 0.37 dB from DC to 1.28 GHz and the measured stopband of the filter is great than 22 dB from 2.3 to 7.5 GHz. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1956–1957, 2015
Experimental research on silicon carbide photoconductive semiconductor switch
Authors: Sun Yanling , Yang Meng , Song Chaoyang , Guo Hui , Jiang Shuqing 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTSilicon carbide photoconductive semiconductor switches with the good performance of breakdown voltage above 10 kV and ∼16‐Ω minimum on‐resistance are fabricated and tested. A good electrical pulse output is obtained when the switch is triggered by optical pulses. The output performances with different bias voltages are discussed, and the results indicate that the nonlinear output will not occur with the bias voltage increasing. The effects of bias voltage and optical pulse energy on the on‐resistance are investigated. The performance of different switch samples is compared. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1946–1948, 2015