bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Maladaptive Schemas as Predictor of Adolescents Runaway
Authors: Rakjhshani Tayebeh , khorramdel Kazem , Abolghasemi Abbas , Pour Nikdast Sobhan , Rajabi Saeid 
Published: January 2014

Aim of the studyinvestigate the role of early maladaptive schemas as predictor of the adolescent’s girls' runawaySubject or material and methodsThe participants were 30 adolescent runaway girls from the health centers of the city of Rasht who were selected through a purposive sampling, and 40 normal girls who were selected through a cluster sampling from the normal population of the city. The instrument used was Young's schema questionnaire.ResultsThe results of the discriminate analysis showed that after the stepwise analysis, 4 variables were remained which from the 1st to the 4th steps are subsequently: emotional deprivation, vulnerability to danger, defectiveness/shame and dependence/incompetence. The results of the function group categorization analysis showed that all adolescents of the normal group were predicted correctly (100%), however, the discriminate function had placed 96.7% of the runaway group in the right place and 3.3% were wrongly categorized. In general, the discriminate function categorized 98.6% of all cases correctly and this claims a high predictive power and asignificant validity for this model.DiscussionThe results were compiled based on theoretical foundations and the role of the schemas in adolescent girls' running away was discussedConclusionsThe results of the function group categorization analysis showed that all adolescents of the normal group were predicted correctly (100%), however, the discriminate function had placed 96.7% of the runaway group in the right place and 3.3% were wrongly categorized.In general, the discriminate function categorized 98.6% of all cases correctly and this claims a high predictive power and a significant validity for this model
The legless lizard Anguis fragilis (slow worm) has a potent metal-responsive transcription factor 1 (MTF-1)
Authors: Georgiev Oleg , Günther Viola , Steiner Kurt , Schönrath Katharina , Schaffner Walter 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The metal-responsive transcription factor-1 (MTF-1) is a key regulator of heavy metal homeostasis and detoxification. Here we characterize the first MTF-1 from a reptile, the slow worm Anguis fragilis. The slow worm, or blind worm, is a legless lizard also known for its long lifespan of up to several decades. Anguis MTF-1 performs well and matches the strong zinc and cadmium response of its human ortholog, clearly surpassing the activity of rodent MTF-1s. Some amino acid positions critical for metal response are the same in humans and slow worm but not in rodent MTF-1. This points to a divergent evolution of rodent MTF-1, and we speculate that rodents can afford a less sophisticated metal handling than humans and (some) reptiles.
Improved variational Bayes inference for transcript expression estimation
Authors: Papastamoulis Panagiotis , Hensman James , Glaus Peter , Rattray Magnus 
Published: January 2014

AbstractRNA-seq studies allow for the quantification of transcript expression by aligning millions of short reads to a reference genome. However, transcripts share much of their sequence, so that many reads map to more than one place and their origin remains uncertain. This problem can be dealt using mixtures of distributions and transcript expression reduces to estimating the weights of the mixture. In this paper, variational Bayesian (VB) techniques are used in order to approximate the posterior distribution of transcript expression. VB has previously been shown to be more computationally efficient for this problem than Markov chain Monte Carlo. VB methodology can precisely estimate the posterior means, but leads to variance underestimation. For this reason, a novel approach is introduced which integrates the latent allocation variables out of the VB approximation. It is shown that this modification leads to a better marginal likelihood bound and improved estimate of the posterior variance. A set of simulation studies and application to real RNA-seq datasets highlight the improved performance of the proposed method.
Genomic and Phenotypic Characterization of a Wild Medaka Population: Towards the Establishment of an Isogenic Population Genetic Resource in Fish
Authors: Spivakov Mikhail , Auer Thomas O , Peravali Ravindra , Dunham Ian , Dolle Dirk , Fujiyama Asao , Toyoda Atsushi , Aizu Tomoyuki , Minakuchi Yohei , Loosli Felix , Naruse Kiyoshi , Birney Ewan , Wittbrodt Joachim 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Oryzias latipes (medaka) has been established as a vertebrate genetic model for more than a century and recently has been rediscovered outside its native Japan. The power of new sequencing methods now makes it possible to reinvigorate medaka genetics, in particular by establishing a near-isogenic panel derived from a single wild population. Here we characterize the genomes of wild medaka catches obtained from a single Southern Japanese population in Kiyosu as a precursor for the establishment of a near-isogenic panel of wild lines. The population is free of significant detrimental population structure and has advantageous linkage disequilibrium properties suitable for the establishment of the proposed panel. Analysis of morphometric traits in five representative inbred strains suggests phenotypic mapping will be feasible in the panel. In addition, high-throughput genome sequencing of these medaka strains confirms their evolutionary relationships on lines of geographic separation and provides further evidence that there has been little significant interbreeding between the Southern and Northern medaka population since the Southern/Northern population split. The sequence data suggest that the Southern Japanese medaka existed as a larger older population that went through a relatively recent bottleneck approximately 10,000 years ago. In addition, we detect patterns of recent positive selection in the Southern population. These data indicate that the genetic structure of the Kiyosu medaka samples is suitable for the establishment of a vertebrate near-isogenic panel and therefore inbreeding of 200 lines based on this population has commenced. Progress of this project can be tracked at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/birney-srv/medaka-ref-panel.
New Insights Into the Roles of NADPH Oxidases in Sexual Development and Ascospore Germination in Sordaria macrospora
Authors: Dirschnabel Daniela Elisabeth , Nowrousian Minou , Cano-Domínguez Nallely , Aguirre Jesus , Teichert Ines , Kück Ulrich 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
NADPH oxidase (NOX)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as signaling determinants that induce different cellular processes. To characterize NOX function during fungal development, we utilized the genetically tractable ascomycete Sordaria macrospora. Genome sequencing of a sterile mutant led us to identify the NADPH oxidase encoding nox1 as a gene required for fruiting body formation, regular hyphal growth, and hyphal fusion. These phenotypes are shared by ∆nor1, lacking the NOX regulator NOR1. Further phenotypic analyses revealed a high correlation between increased ROS production and hyphal fusion deficiencies in ∆nox1 and other sterile mutants. A genome-wide transcriptional profiling analysis of mycelia and isolated protoperithecia from wild type and ∆nox1 revealed that nox1 inactivation affects the expression of genes related to cytoskeleton remodeling, hyphal fusion, metabolism, and mitochondrial respiration. Genetic analysis of ∆nox2, lacking the NADPH oxidase 2 gene, ∆nor1, and transcription factor deletion mutant ∆ste12, revealed a strict melanin-dependent ascospore germination defect, indicating a common genetic pathway for these three genes. We report that gsa3, encoding a G-protein α-subunit, and sac1, encoding cAMP-generating adenylate cyclase, act in a separate pathway during the germination process. The finding that cAMP inhibits ascospore germination in a melanin-dependent manner supports a model in which cAMP inhibits NOX2 activity, thus suggesting a link between both pathways. Our results expand the current knowledge on the role of NOX enzymes in fungal development and provide a frame to define upstream and downstream components of the NOX signaling pathways in fungi.
Between Quantum and Classical: Evolution of Electron Magnetic Resonance with Growth of a Spin System Size
Authors: Bates Brittany , Hilton James , Bonner Carl , Noginova Natalia 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTSystems with a single or several coupled electron spins are commonly described with the quantum approach while ferromagnetic domains with millions of coupled spins are classical systems. Large spin clusters and superparamagnetic nanoparticles contain hundreds of coupled electron spins, and are on the boundary between classical and quantum behavior. Electron magnetic resonance observed in ultra-fine iron oxide nanoparticles (∼ 5 nm size) reveals several features which are typical for paramagnetic spins and absent in macroscopic systems, including multiple quantum transitions observed at H0/n, where n = 2, 3, 4 and H0 is the field of the main resonance. In order to better understand the transition from quantum to classical behavior and magnetization dynamics at the nanoscale, we study the evolution of the EMR signal with increase of the particle size in suspensions of magnetite nanoparticles. The experimental data are compared with numerical simulations.
Hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde over supported palladium catalysts
Authors: Wąsikowska Karolina , Dmowska Paulina , Bączek Natalia , Strzelec Krzysztof , Pernak Juliusz , Markiewicz Bartosz 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde has been studied using palladium catalysts based on epoxy resin cured with ionic liquids. Characterization of palladium catalysts has involved the following methods: IR spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), AAS spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). The investigated catalysts showed high stability and good recycling efficiency what makes them useful for a prolonged use. The factors influencing the selectivity of the supported catalysts were discussed.
Effect of 1-substituted imidazole derivatives for the curing process of epoxy- -isocyanate composition
Authors: Pilawka R. , Kowalska J. , Czech Z. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The kinetics of the curing process of isocyanate-epoxy materials hardened in the presence of 1- substituted imidazole derivatives was studied by the Coast-Redfern method. The extent of a conversion parameter of the curing process in two ways was calculated: DSC (peak area integration) and rheology (viscosity changes). The activation energy values were determined for epoxy-isocyanate cured in the presence of 0.5; 1.0 and 2.0 phr 1-substituted imidazole derivatives respectively. Increasing of accelerators amount results in decreasing the activation energy and other kinetic parameters.
Effect of boron on ZSM-5 catalyst for methanol to propylene conversion
Authors: Xu Aina , Ma Hongfang , Zhang Haitao , Weiyong Dingye , Fang Dingye 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
B-ZSM-5 catalysts were prepared by various modification methods with boric acid, including ion-exchange, impregnation and direct synthesis. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), NH3-Temperature Programmed Desorption (NH3-TPD), N2 adsorption-desorption, Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), 27Al and 11B MAS NMR spectra. The results revealed that the weak acidity of catalysts was significantly increased by modification. The catalytic activity was measured in a fixed bed at 460°C for methanol to propylene (MTP) reaction. The results of MTP reaction showed a great increment of the propylene selectivity for the boron modified samples, especially for the directly synthesized B-ZSM-5 which also displayed high activity and selectivity towards C2 =-C4 = olefins. It was found that the remarkable selectivity strongly depended on the intensity of weak acidity.
The dependance of an activity of vanadium catalysts on a carrier regeneration method and an active phase composition
Authors: Grzesiak Piotr , Grobela Marcin , Hłyń Tadeusz , Łukaszyk Joanna 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The results of the research studies concerning the reaction rate of SO2 oxidation on the vanadium catalysts have been described. A carrier of the active phase - silica has been regenerated from spent vanadium mass by leaching with H2SO4 solution. The dependence of the oxidation reaction rate on the method of treating a catalyst carrier as well as the composition of an active phase of the new catalyst systems has been also presented.
Pedometer-Determined Physical Activity of Youth while Attending School: A Review
Authors: Brusseau Timothy A. , Hannon James C. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
This review examined the pedometer literature focused on youth physical activity while they attend school. 30 studies have been published since 2003 with youth accumulating between 2500-8100 steps/ day. Between 35-53% of youth habitual physical activity takes place during school hours. International youth tend to be more active than US youth, with boys accumulating greater steps/day than girls. Youth are also more active on physical education days.
Physiological Elements Required by Dancers
Authors: Malkogeorgos Alexandros , Zaggelidou Eleni , Zaggelidis Georgios , Christos Galazoulas 
Published: January 2014

AbstractDancing is an excellent alternative exercise for improving health related physical fitness elements. Dance performance requires support from enhanced physiological requirements necessary for dancers including cardiovascular fitness, muscle flexibility, muscular strength/power. A reduction in muscular strength associate with injury risk and many dancers succumb to problems such as the overtraining syndrome. Improvement in lower body muscular strength appears to have positive effects on aspects of dance performance and injury prevention. The qualities and benefits offered by dancing depend on the dance forms concerned but as a general rule, it improves physical health by developing strength, suppleness, coordination and balance in varying amounts. This literature study showed differences in fitness levels exist between in different dance forms but also in levels of dancers. As in most sports, dancing is a demanding exercise form for all styles dancers, taxing both aerobic and anaerobic processes and develops high levels of muscle tension. Joint mobility and body composition are also important parts of dance fitness. Dance training consists of technique and style training with an aim to increase the skill level of dancers. Furthermore, it needs more investigation whether improved physical fitness has positive effect on dance performance.
On pseudocompact topological Brandt λ0-extensions of semitopological monoids
Authors: Gutik Oleg , Pavlyk Kateryna 
Published: January 2014

AbstractIn the paper we investigate topological properties of a topological
Brandt λ0-extension B0λ(S) of a semitopological monoid
S with zero. In particular we prove that for every Tychonoff
pseudocompact (resp., Hausdorff countably compact, Hausdorff
compact) semitopological monoid S with zero there exists
a unique semiregular pseudocompact (resp., Hausdorff
countably compact, Hausdorff compact) extension B0λ(S) of S
and establish their Stone-Cˇ ech and Bohr compactifications.
We also describe a category whose objects are ingredients in
the constructions of pseudocompact (resp., countably compact,
sequentially compact, compact) topological Brandt λ0-
extensions of pseudocompact (resp., countably compact, sequentially
compact, compact) semitopological monoids with
zeros.
Immediate Effects of 2 Types of Braces on Pain and Grip Strength in People With Lateral Epicondylalgia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bisset Leanne M. , Collins Natalie J. , Offord Sonia S. 
Published: January 2014

Study Design Repeated-measures, crossover, double-blinded randomized controlled trial. Objectives To compare the immediate effectiveness of 2 types of counterforce braces in improving pain-free grip strength, pressure pain threshold, and wrist angle during a gripping task in individuals with lateral epicondylalgia. Background Sports medicine management of lateral epicondylalgia often includes application of a counterforce brace, but the comparative effectiveness of different braces is unclear. The most common brace design consists of a single strap wrapped around the proximal forearm. A variation of this brace is the use of an additional strap that wraps above the elbow, which aims to provide further unloading to the injured tissue. Methods Pain-free grip strength, pressure pain threshold, and wrist angle during a gripping task were measured on 34 participants with a clinical diagnosis of lateral epicondylalgia (mean ± SD age, 47.8 ± 8.5 years). Measurements were made without a brace, as well as immediately before and after the application of 2 types of counterforce braces. Each condition was tested during a separate session, with a minimum of 48 hours between sessions. Analysis-of-variance models were used to test the differences within and between conditions. Results Pain-free grip strength (17.2 N; 95% confidence interval: 7.5, 26.8) and pressure pain threshold (42.2 kPa; 95% confidence interval: 16.5, 68.0) significantly improved on the affected side immediately following the intervention conditions as well as the control condition. There was no significant difference between braces or the control condition for any outcome. Conclusion Both types of counterforce braces had an immediate positive effect in participants with lateral epicondylalgia, without differences between interventions and similar to a no-brace control condition. Therefore, while the use of a brace may be helpful in managing immediate symptoms related to lateral epicondylalgia, the choice of which brace to use may be more a function of patient preference, comfort, and cost. Further research is required to investigate the comparative longer-term and clinical effects of the 2 braces. Trial registration: ACTRN12609000354280 ( www.anzctr.org.au ). Level of Evidence Therapy, level 2b. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014;44(2):120–128. Epub 9 January 2014. doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.4744
Estimating leopard cat Prionailurus bengalensis densities using photographic captures and recaptures
Authors: Bashir Tawqir , Bhattacharya Tapajit , Poudyal Kamal , Sathyakumar Sambandam , Qureshi Qamar 
Published: January 2014

Precise estimates of abundance and density are crucial for species conservation. For secretive felids, such as leopard cat Prionailurus bengalensis, acquiring such estimates based on conventional methods is difficult. We demonstrated the possibility of individual identification of leopard cats using coat patterns, and estimated their density using photographic capture‐recaptures in a small watershed (182 km2) of Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve, Sikkim, India. On comparing the different body parts, we found that hind‐quarter had the maximum usability (83.9%) for individual identification. The overall photo‐capture rate representing an index of leopard cat relative abundance was calculated as 3.7 ± 1.27 captures/100 trap days. We used both non‐spatial and spatially explicit capture‐ recapture (SECR) approaches to estimate leopard cat abundance and density. Our spatially explicit models estimated leopard cat density as 17 ± 5.33 (maximum‐likelihood based approach) and 17.52 ± 5.52 (Bayesian approach with Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations) individuals/100 km2, while in our non‐spatial model, density estimates varied from 18.01 to 22.25 individuals/100 km2. Camera trap results also indicated that the leopard cat used temperate and subtropical habitats to a large extent. Our study validated the applicability of camera trap based capture‐recapture techniques to estimate the density of leopard cat. Therefore, we recommend the use of this technique with appropriate site‐specific modifications for population estimation and monitoring of this species throughout its distribution range.
Magnetic resonance imaging properties of convective delivery in diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas
Authors: Chittiboina Prashant , Heiss John D. , Warren Katherine E. , Lonser Russell R. 
Published: January 2014

Object
Coinfused surrogate imaging tracers can provide direct insight into the properties of convection-enhanced delivery (CED) in the nervous system. To better understand the distributive properties of CED in a clinical circumstance, the authors analyzed the imaging findings in pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) patients undergoing coinfusion of Gd-DTPA and interleukin-13–Pseudomonas exotoxin (IL13-PE).

Methods
Consecutive patients undergoing CED (maximal rates of 5 or 10 μl/minute) of Gd-DTPA (1 or 5 mM) and IL13-PE (0.125 μg/ml or 0.25 μg/ml) for DIPG were included. Real-time MRI was performed during infusions, and imaging results were analyzed.

Results
Four patients (2 males, 2 females; mean age at initial infusion 13.0 ± 5.3 years; range 5–17 years) underwent 5 infusions into DIPGs. Brainstem infusions were clearly identified on T1-weighted MR images at 1-mM (1 infusion) and 5-mM (4 infusions) coinfused Gd-DTPA concentrations. While the volume of distribution (Vd) increased progressively with volume of infusion (Vi) (mean volume 2.5 ± 0.9 ml; range 1.1–3.7 ml), final Vd:Vi ratios were significantly reduced with lower Gd-DTPA concentration (Vd:Vi for 1 mM of 1.6 compared with a mean Vd:Vi ratio for 5 mM of 3.3 ± 1.0) (p = 0.04). Similarly, anatomical distribution patterns were affected by preferential flow along parallel axial fiber tracts, into prior infusion cannula tracts and intraparenchymal air pockets, and leak back around the infusion cannula at the highest rate of infusion.

Conclusions
Magnetic resonance imaging of a coinfused Gd-DTPA surrogate tracer provided direct insight into the properties of CED in a clinical application. While clinically relevant Vds can be achieved by convective delivery, specific tissue properties can affect distribution volume and pattern, including Gd-DTPA concentration, preferential flow patterns, and infusion rate. Understanding of these properties of CED can enhance its clinical application. Part of clinical trial no. NCT00880061 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
Est-ce que le roseau commun exotique envahit les marais adjacents aux routes ?
Authors: Lelong Benjamin , Lavoie Claude 
Published: January 2014

En Amérique du Nord, le roseau commun (Phragmites australis) représente une nuisance, car les marais envahis par l’haplotype exotique de cette espèce (haplotype M) possèdent une diversité végétale particulièrement faible. Au Québec, l’extension du réseau routier amorcée au début des années 1960 ainsi que l’asphaltage des routes ont facilité la propagation du roseau dans tout le sud de la province, la plante trouvant dans les fossés de drainage un habitat particulièrement propice à son établissement et sa croissance. Le roseau qui se propage en bordure d’une route reste-t-il dans l’emprise routière ou envahit-il tout marais traversé par le corridor routier ? Un système d’information géographique et des photographies aériennes historiques ont permis de cartographier les populations de roseaux présentes dans 14 marais adjacents au réseau autoroutier du sud du Québec. Le roseau exotique était présent dans 9 des 14 marais étudiés. L’analyse historique de l’invasion du roseau dans 3 marais montre que le processus d’invasion a commencé après la construction des autoroutes et qu’il a progressé ensuite de manière constante et rapide. Néanmoins, le roseau ne s’est pas toujours propagé des fossés de drainage de l’autoroute vers le marais adjacent. Il arrive parfois que le roseau s’installe d’abord au sein même du marais avant d’investir le fossé de drainage de l’autoroute voisine. Quoi qu’il en soit, empêcher l’établissement du roseau dans les fossés routiers à proximité des marais constitue une approche prudente de prévention des invasions.