bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of changes in the modules and energy balance of polymer materials during mechanical experiments
Authors: Arutyunyan A R , Petruchok A I , Sudenkov Yu V 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the paper, the evolution of mechanical characteristics of structural materials in the process of uniaxial loadings are experimentally investigated. The energy balance was studied in a series of tensile and creep experiments of caprolon specimens, taking into account the division of the work of external forces into the energy of volume change and the energy of shear deformations. Simultaneous registration of heat release and changes in the coefficient of transverse deformations by the optic-acoustic method allowed us to estimate the contribution of volume changes and shear deformations to the energy balance during quasi-static loading of caprolon specimens. The obtained results demonstrated the contribution of shear deformations to the change of latent energy at the stages of linear and nonlinear behavior of caprolon during deformation.
Structure and mechanical properties of a composite based on titanium and a bioactive coating with a two-level surface relief
Authors: Zemtsova E G , Ponomareva A N , Kudymov V K , Arbenin A Yu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
To develop bone implants using Ti materials, the issue of creating bioactive coatings that ensure their rapid engraftment to the bone is acute. The rate of fusion of Ti implants with bone tissue is significantly influenced by the degree of modification of the coating surface based on changes in the relief, chemical composition of the surface layer and mechanical characteristics of the implant. The structure and mechanical properties of a Ti-based composite with TiO2/Ag/HAp coating of an island-like type were investigated, which showed high bioactive properties of the sample. The paper shows that the application of an island-like coating on the Ti surface with a height difference of 0.7 microns does not lead to a deterioration in the mechanical characteristics of the Ti implant, and the hardness increases by 15%.
Averaged flow in a rotating flat layer at librations
Authors: Rysin K Y 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
One of the important areas in fluid mechanics is thermal convection; its study is an urgent task from the point of view of effective control of heat and mass transfer. With increasing energy consumption worldwide, improved energy transfer methods are required. Various complicating factors can either strengthen or weaken energy transport mechanisms. In the current work, attention is paid to the libration effect as one of the effective ways to control heat transfer in a rotating cavity. The experiments are aimed at a study of convective flows generated in a flat layer unevenly rotating around a horizontal axis. The flat boundaries are kept at different temperatures. It is found that the cavity librations noticeably intensify the heat transfer in a layer. The flow structure obtained using the PIV method for the cases of uniform and non-uniform rotation of the cavity is presented for the first time. The effectiveness of librations for the intensifying heat and mass transfer in a rotating hydrodynamic system is shown.
To the problem of controlled guaranteed search for a mobile object on the plane
Authors: Avetisyan V V 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The problem of guaranteed search for an object moving on a horizontal plane, the initial state of which is known up to a given set, is considered. An object controlled by acceleration in space is carried out the search. It is shown that, based on the minimax approach, the considering problem is reduced to a problem of bounded control with a moving right end. Using the generalized Kalman’s method in an explicit form, formulas are obtained that make it possible to calculate bounded guaranteeing controls and the guaranteed search time. The results of numerical calculation are brought.
Description of step loads at high temperature creep of metallic materials
Authors: Saitova R R , Arutyunyan A R 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In metallic materials under high-temperature creep conditions, the damage evolution occurs. To describe it, Kachanov and Rabotnov proposed the concept of damage. In this paper, the damage parameter is defined as the relative change in material density, serving as an integral measure of damage. By incorporating the damage parameter and the mass conservation law, are we formulated interrelated kinetic equations for rate of creep deformation and the damage parameter. The case of variable loads is crucial both theoretically and practically, as most structural components typically operate under such conditions. Therefore, solutions of considered equations are derived for the case of two-stage loading. The received solutions and experimental results on the creep of titanium alloy under variable loads at 500°C were compared. There is a good agreement between the theoretical results and experimental data.
Beam coupling impedance of the main extraction kickers in the CERN PS
Authors: Neroni M. , Barnes M.J. , Lasheen A. , Mostacci A. , Popovic B. , Vollinger C. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In view of the High Luminosity (HL) upgrade of the LHC, the
beam intensity must be doubled in the injector chain. To perform
reliable beam dynamics simulations, the beam coupling impedance in
the injectors, such as the Proton Synchrotron (PS), must be followed
closely by including all contributing elements into the impedance
model. The existing kicker magnets of the PS had been optimized for
large kick strength and short rise/fall times, but not necessarily
to minimise beam coupling impedance. Hence, unwanted beam induced
voltage can build up in their electrical circuits, with an impact on
the beam. The beam coupling impedances of the two main kicker
magnets used for the fast extraction from PS, the KFA71 and KFA79,
are extensively characterized in this study. In particular,
electromagnetic simulation results for the longitudinal and
transverse coupling impedance are shown. The critical impedance
contributions are identified, and their effect on beam stability
with a possible mitigation solution is discussed. Moreover, the
impact of the cable terminations on the electromagnetic field
pattern and possible mitigation techniques are presented, providing
a complete impedance evaluation of the entire kicker installation.
Study of Weathering and Rock Mass Quality using the Geological Strength Index (GSI) method on the Tuntun mine road Banggai Regency Central Sulawesi Province
Authors: Pachri Hendra , Safruddim  , Fajrin Muh. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The mining road in the Tuntun area of Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi Province has experienced a landslide. The mining road mitigation engineering is a concern for the sustainability of road use. The study area is composed of peridotite rocks which are included in the Ophiolite (Ku) rock formation, where these rocks undergo a very strong deformation process by showing the fractured rock conditions. The Study of Weathering and Rock Mass Quality Using the Geological Strength Index (GSI) Method on this mine road is the focus of this research. The Geological Strength Index (GSI) is a rock mass classification system developed to assist the inaccurate Rock Mass Rating System (RMR) in determining the quality of rock masses that have very poor conditions or have undergone very strong rock deformation. using the GSI value by using two quantitative parameters, namely the condition of the discontinuity plane and the density of the discontinuity plane. The value of the Geological Strength Index (GSI) at location points 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 is 32,17,12,2, 33.4 and 23. The rock mass value indicates that the rock mass quality in the study area has poor rock mass quality. to very bad. The results of this investigation become a reference in the method of handling slopes on mining roads.
Preliminary Conceptual Model of Hydrogeological System in The Pandanduri Dam and its Surrounding Area on the Lombok Island
Authors: Mararis D , Hendrayana H , Pranantya P A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
the availability of water resources is increasingly limited and even tends to be increasingly scarce; an in-depth study of geological-hydrogeological analysis of springs and groundwater is needed to support various community activities. This research was conducted to determine the hydrogeological system in the Pandanduri Dam area and its surroundings. Geological conditions and geomorphology determine the hydrogeological system and groundwater flow direction patterns. Geological conditions were obtained by conducting field investigations, and groundwater level data was obtained by measuring dug wells from 36 points and measuring 13 points of spring locations. Volcanic sedimentary rocks and volcanic breccia dominate the study area. Three (3) rock units can be distinguished, namely (1) the Andesite tuff breccia – pumice unit is located in the southern part of the study area, precisely in the reservoir area, and (2) the Andesite tuff breccia unit dominates located in the southern part of the study area. The study area’s eastern, western, and northern parts and (3) alluvial deposit units located in the study area covered the andesite volcanic breccia. The aquifer consists of volcanic sedimentary rock and volcanic breccia with a sandy bottom. The 2D interpretation of the dam area shows that the sandy volcanic breccia unit has a resistivity value between 5 ohms - 25 ohms in the form of lapilli tuff sand interspersed with fine tuff, located at a depth of 8 meters below the surface. The pattern of the direction of groundwater flow indicates that the movement of groundwater follows the shape of the topography that flows from the hilly area west-northwest of Santong Village to the southeastern river valley of Pandanduri Village; geological and geomorphological conditions affect this groundwater flow pattern.
Hydrogeological assessment of groundwater potential and quality in Jabung village and its surroundings, Jabung sub-district, Malang regency
Authors: Aprilia Faridha , Wiyono  , Yudianto D. , Nurrahman F. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Jabung Village is located in Jabung Sub-District, Malang Regency, East Java. The groundwater potential of this area varies, there are areas with good groundwater potential (Krajan and Boro Kidul), but others have poor groundwater potential. In addition, an existing Integrated Waste Management Shelter (IWMS) has the potential to pollute groundwater. The purpose of this research is to analyze the controlling factors for differences in groundwater potential and to conduct mitigation of groundwater pollution due to IWMS. The collection of groundwater data, including groundwater levels and quality (TDS, pH, and temperature), was carried out at 49 points. Geological data were collected at 29 points, then analyzed and presented on a geological map. The groundwater flows from northeast to southwest. Based on the groundwater flow patterns, areas with good groundwater potential are in the discharge zone, while other sites that have poor groundwater potential are in the recharge and transition zone. The groundwater quality measured is as follows TDS values are <400 mg/L, the temperature is 24.5 to 27.7 °C, and the pH ranges from 5.95 to 7.67. The study area is composed of andesite lava, lapilli tuff, coarse tuff, and fine tuff. Differences in groundwater potential are thought to occur significantly due to groundwater flow patterns. Furthermore, it is necessary to periodically monitor groundwater quality, especially in the outflow zone of IWMS.
Advancements and challenges in plasmon-exciton quantum emitters based on colloidal quantum dots and perovskite nanocrystals
Authors: Olejniczak Adam , Rakovich Yury , Krivenkov Victor 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Nobel Prizes in Physics (2022) and Chemistry (2023) heralded the recognition of quantum information science and the synthesis of quantum dots (QDs), respectively. This acknowledgment has propelled colloidal QDs and perovskite nanocrystals to the forefront of quantum technologies. Their distinct emission properties, facilitating the efficient generation of both single photons and photon pairs, render them particularly captivating. Moreover, their adaptability to diverse structures, ranging from traditional electronics to nanopatterned frameworks, underscores their pivotal role in shaping quantum technologies. Despite notable strides in synthesis, certain properties require refinement for enhanced applicability in quantum information, encompassing emission brightness, stability, single-photon indistinguishability, and entanglement fidelity of photon pairs. Here we offer an overview of recent achievements in plasmon-exciton quantum emitters (QEs) based on luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals. Emphasizing the utilization of the light-matter coupling phenomenon, we explore how this interaction enables the manipulation of quantum properties without altering the chemical structure of the emitters. This approach addresses critical aspects for quantum information applications, offering precise control over emission rate, intensity, and energy. The development of these hybrid systems represents a significant stride forward, demonstrating their potential to overcome existing challenges and advance the integration of QEs into cutting-edge quantum technology applications.
Looking at the gender disparity in interventional radiology: a scoping review
Authors: Moffitt Courtney , Powell Eloise 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The underrepresentation of women within interventional radiology (IR) is profound. This scoping review aims to evaluate the current literature on gender disparity within IR. To uncover relevant themes and research gaps to inform future research and to recommend changes aimed at increasing application and retention of women in IR

Methods
A review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science was conducted. Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to gather all relevant literature. Thematic analysis of included literature highlighted themes and commonalities between papers.

Results
Of 396 articles, only 15 met the inclusion criteria. Many papers were excluded due to their lack of relevance to the topic. Thematic analysis identified 6 themes radiation exposure, mentorship, male dominance, work–life balance, research, and early exposure to IR.

Conclusions
Recommendations relating to each theme have been made. Establishing a high-quality mentoring scheme, for medical students, is the priority. Followed by accurate information, regarding radiation safety and teaching opportunities provided by medical schools and placement trusts, to demonstrate the value of IR and the need for a representative workforce.

Advances in knowledge
With little research based primarily within the United Kingdom, this review has amalgamated results from papers published internationally to highlight potential factors influencing the gender disparity within IR. Realistic recommendations and future points of research aimed at creating gender parity that are appropriate towards both the United Kingdom and global institutions have been suggested.
Absence of Cerebrospinal Fluid Pleocytosis in Encephalitis
Authors: Habis Ralph , Kolchinski Anna , Heck Ashley N , Bean Paris , Probasco John C , Hasbun Rodrigo , Venkatesan Arun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Early diagnosis of encephalitis involves identifying signs of neuroinflammation, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis. However, an absence of CSF pleocytosis in encephalitis has been described, most notably in autoimmune encephalitis. We examined clinical characteristics and outcomes associated with the absence or presence of CSF white blood cell pleocytosis (≥5 cells/µL), to inform timely diagnosis and management of encephalitis.

Methods
This retrospective study compares initial CSF profiles in 597 adult patients with all-cause encephalitis.

Results
Of the 597 patients, 446 (74.7%) had CSF pleocytosis while 151 (25.3%) did not. CSF pleocytosis occurred more commonly in infectious cases (200/446, 44.8%), along with 59 (13.2%) autoimmune cases, comprised chiefly of anti–N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis (37/59, 62.7%). Notably, the group without pleocytosis comprised similar proportions of infectious (47/151, 31.1%) and autoimmune (38/151, 25.92%; P &gt; .05) encephalitis. Among those with infectious encephalitis, 47/247 (19%) had an absence of pleocytosis, including 18/76 (23.7%) with HSV-1 encephalitis. The absence of pleocytosis was associated with a decreased rate of acyclovir administration (47.7% in patients without pleocytosis vs 71.1% in patients with pleocytosis; P &lt; .001). Despite pleocytosis being associated with some measures of clinical severity at admission such as a Full Outline of UnResponsiveness (FOUR) score ≤14, it was not associated with mortality or prolonged hospitalization.

Conclusions
CSF pleocytosis is an important criterion for encephalitis diagnosis, but 25.3% of patients with all-cause encephalitis and 23.7% of those with HSV-1 encephalitis exhibit an absence of pleocytosis on initial LP. Acyclovir initiation should not be delayed in the absence of pleocytosis in patients with suspected encephalitis.
Loneliness and Expanding Social Ties in Later Life: Motivation, Perceived Success, and Implications for Emotional Health
Authors: Rook Karen S , Oleskiewicz Danielle , Brown Colette J , August Kristin J , Smith Anna M , Sorkin Dara H 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Social networks undergo changes in later life, reflecting proactive decreases as well as increases in size, but relatively little is known about the factors that motivate older adults to expand their social ties. Loneliness might be expected to motivate older adults to expand their social ties. Paradoxically, however, studies of younger age groups have linked loneliness to a self-protective reluctance to initiate social contact. The current study investigated whether loneliness fosters or inhibits older adults’ efforts to expand their social ties and whether successful efforts are related to gains in emotional health.

Methods
Loneliness, motivation to expand social ties, and emotional health were assessed in a subset of older participants (N = 375) from the Later Life Study of Social Exchanges.

Results
Greater loneliness was associated with less interest, less investment of effort, and less success in making new ties and rekindling dormant ties. Nonetheless, lonelier older adults who expanded their social ties, particularly by rekindling dormant ties, exhibited some gains in emotional health over a 1-year period.

Discussion
Greater attention to the role of loneliness in older adults’ motivations for making new ties or rekindling dormant ties will broaden our understanding of social network changes in later life.
Informal employment and high burden of out-of-pocket healthcare payments among older workers: evidence from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India
Authors: Chowdhury Poulomi , Goli Srinivas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
India’s economy is among the fastest growing in the world. However, a large share of informal workforce is a common characteristic of country’s economy, comprises a significant portion of most of its labour markets. This workforce often receives low wages and lacks benefits such as strong social security and health coverage for all. The majority of healthcare spending in India is private. As India’s population ages and the informal sector expands, it is expected that many of these workers will continue to work beyond the retirement age to bear their own healthcare costs due to lack of savings, pensions, and the precarious nature of their employment. In this context, this study estimates the burden of out-of-pocket (OOP) payments on India’s informal older workers compared to their formal counterparts, using data from the first wave of the nationally representative Longitudinal Ageing Study in India. According to estimates from the two-part regression model, informal older workers pay, on average, INR 1113 (P &lt; 0.01) and INR 55 (P &lt; 0.05) less than their formal counterparts for inpatient and outpatient care, respectively. Further, probit regression models revealed that the burden of combined (both inpatient and outpatient) OOP payments exceeding (by 40, 20 and 10%) of their income is significantly higher among informal older workers compared to formal older workers. The study underscores the need for strengthening of universal health insurance schemes to ensure everyone has access to medical services without experiencing financial hardship. It also advocates for policies specifically tailored towards informal workers, considering their unique challenges with regard to livelihoods and healthcare security. In particular, this encompasses bolstering the existing social security and healthcare system, and related policies for ensuring financial security against OOP payments, especially for informal workers and all the population in general.
Visualization of metabolite distribution based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization–mass spectrometry imaging of tea seedlings (Camellia sinensis)
Authors: Fu Maoyin , Tian Liying , Zheng Dongqiao , Gao Yang , Sun Chenyi , Zhang Shihua , Zhang ZhaoLiang , Wan Xiaochun , Chen Qi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Tea seedlings (Camellia sinensis) have a well-developed root system with a strong taproot and lateral roots. Compared with ordinary cuttings, tea has stronger vitality and environmental adaptability, thus facilitating the promotion of good varieties. However, there is less of detailed research on the rooting and germination process of tea seeds. In this study, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight–mass spectrometry was used to conduct non-targeted spatial mass spectrometry imaging of the main organs during growth of tea seedlings. A total of 1234 compounds were identified, which could be divided into 24 classes. Among them, theanine, as the most prominent nitrogen compound, was synthesized rapidly at the early stage of embryo germination, accounting for &gt;90% of the total free amino acids in the radicle, and it was then transferred to each meristem region through the mesocolumnar sheath, indicating that theanine-based nitrogen flow plays a decisive role in organ formation during the development of tea seedlings. Nutrients stored in the cotyledon were rapidly hydrolyzed to dextrin and 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde at the early stages of germination, and subsequently converted to other forms that provided carbon and energy for development, such as raffinose and d-galactose (glucose), which were mainly distributed in the growing zones of the root apex and the apical meristems of the stem. This study provides a new perspective on the synthesis and metabolism of substances during the development of tea seedlings and contributes to a better understanding of the biological characteristics of tea varieties.