bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Surviving Remains of the Leonine Wall. Part II: The Passetto
Authors: Gibson Sheila , Ward-Perkins Bryan 
Published: August 2013

LE MURA LEONIANE II: IL PASSETTOLe mura leoniane furono costruite intorno alla zona vaticana dopo il sacheggio di S. Pietro da parte dei Saraceni nel 846. Lunghi tratti di queste mura sono ancora conservati. In un primo articolo (Gibson and Ward-Perkins, 1979) gli autori hanno descritto in modo dettagliato il tratto ora racchiuso nei giardini vaticano. In questo articolo forniscono una descrizione ed una documentazione grafica e fotografica della parte che nel sec. XV era inglobata nel ‘Passetto’, che porta da Castel S. Angelo ai palazzi pontifici. Lungo il Passetto, della costruzione originale del nono secolo sono ancora in piedi vari tratti di cortina, quattro torri ed una latrina; il tutto costruito in laterizi di rimpiego coll'uso occasionale di filari in grandi blocchi di tufo. In un secondo momento, databile dalla tecnica muraria, che sembra quella del sec. XII, fu aggiunto alla costruzione originale un rialzamento con un'arcata aperta verso l'interno della città vaticana. Nella parte conclusiva del articolo le mura leoniane vengono confrontate con quelle tardo romane di Roma: un confronto che dimostra sia la loro derivazione stilistica da quelle romane, che la grandezza minore e la tecnica molto inferiore della costruzione leoniana.
L'Ager Veientanus in Età Repubblicana
Authors: Liverani Paolo 
Published: August 2013

THE AGER VEIENTANUS IN THE REPUBLICAN PERIODThe article examines the population of the territory of Veii in the republican period. While the Roman conquest does not seem to have radically changed the Etruscan settlement pattern, perhaps leaving some of the former inhabitants on their lands, a much more serious break is detectable in the second century B.C., when there seems to have been a major economic and demographic crisis. This is not an isolated phenomenon, but one common to the territory along the Tiber, the west of Latium and the neighbourhood of Rome; it must be due to the upheavals initiated by the second Punic war and the unbalance caused in the region by the enormous political, demographic and economic growth of Rome. The late-republican territory of Veii looks like a depressed area, and shows no traces of the villa system of agricultural exploitation until the Augustan period.
Pigs, Plebeians andPotentes: Rome's Economic Hinterland,c.350–600A.D.
Authors: Barnish S. J. B. 
Published: August 2013

MAIALI, PLEBEI E ‘POTENTES’: L'ENTROTERRA ECONOMICO DI ROMA CA. NEL 350–600 d.C.Questo articolo mette in relazione la villa lucana di San Giovanni di Ruoti, scavata di recente, ed altri siti dell'Italia meridionale, con i cambiamenti nella popolazione romana e nelle necessità alimentari nel V e VI secolo d.C. L'aumento o la diminuzione della prosperità nella regione sono legate anche alla commutazione monetaria delle tasse, e allo sviluppo dell'economia mediterranea nel suo insieme. Si sostiene che il commercio e la produzione locale dipendevano dagli scambi extra-regionali ma allo stesso tempo erano in concorrenza con loro. Questo rapporto è strettamente connesso al declino dell'autorità centrale nel regno ostrogoto e negli stati contemporanei, e alla restaurazione di Giustiniano dell'impero romano a occidente. Questo evento si dimostrò disastroso in egual misura per le economie regionali e per quelle mediterranee.
Roman Amphorae and the Ager Falernus under the Empire
Authors: Arthur Paul 
Published: August 2013

ANFORE ROMANE E AGER FALERNUS SOTTO L'IMPEROL'articolo illustra alcune forme di anfore fino ad ora sconosciute trovate nell'Ager Falernus in siti provvisti di fornaci. La loro identificazione è particolarmente importante, in quanto sembrano postdatare l'anfora forma Dressel 2–4, il tipico contenitore commerciale di vino del primo periodo imperiale prodotto in questa zona. Se le nuove anfore erano destinate al trasporto del vino dagli inizi del secondo secolo d.C. in poi, ciò costituirebbe una valida evidenza archeologica a sostegno dell'impressione ricavata dalle fonti di una produzione ed esportazione continua del vino falerno fino agli inizi del quarto secolo almeno.
The Caudine Forks: Topography and Illusion
Authors: Horsfall Nicholas 
Published: August 2013

LE FORCHE CAUDINE: TOPOGRAFIA E ILLUSIONEIl sito della sconfitta romana alle Forche Caudine non viene messo seriamente in dubbio; il dubbio semmai viene dalla lettura del resoconto di Livio. La sua descrizione delle mosse tattiche non trova corrispondenza nelle caratteristiche del terreno. Livio racconta un tipo di battaglia molto diverso, essenzialmente un agguato, posto in una stretta valle montuosa. E' evidente che il resoconto di Livio non indica un'analisi in prima persona ma ha il carattere di una formula, contiene numerosi particolari calcolati per minimizzare la sconfitta romana ed è forse influenzato da dettagli copiati dalle desscrizioni delle campagne di Alessandro.
Textiles and their painted imitations in early medieval Rome
Authors: Osborne John 
Published: August 2013

TESSUTI E LE LORO IMITAZIONI DIPINTE NELLA ROMA ALTO MEDIEVALEL'articolo esamina il fenomeno dell'imitazione dei tendaggi, o vela, che furono dipinti sui plinti delle mura delle chiese a Roma durante l'alto medioevo. La ricomparsa di questa pratica, che ha precedenti in epoca classica, avvenuta a Roma intorno al 700 d.C., è collegata con la contemporanea diffusione di idee artistiche e liturgiche provenienti da Bisanzio, così come al fiorire di commerci legati ai tessuti che potrebbero essere stati utilizzati come modelli per tali copie dipinte. Vari siti della Roma medievale sono qui analizzati, compresi S. Maria Antiqua, S. Clemente, S. Crisogono, e S. Saba; viene inoltre formulato un modello che tenga conto dei cambiamenti delle forme e dei motivi decorativi dei vela durante l'ottavo, il nono e il decimo secolo.
Continuitists, catastrophists, and the towns of post-Roman northern Italy
Authors: Ward-Perkins Bryan 
Published: August 2013

‘CONTINUISTI’, CATASTROFISTI E LA CITTÀ DELL'ITALIA SETTENTRIONALE POST-ROMANANegli ultimi quindici anni si è sviluppato un vivace dibattito sulla natura delle città nell'Italia settentrionale post-Romana. Tale discussione ha avuto luogo poichè resti di questo periodo rinvenuti in recenti scavi urbani si sono rivelati sistematicamente poco appariscenti. In questo articolo l'autore discute i principali articoli e libri — elencati e brevemente descritti in bibliografia — che hanno contribuito al dibattito. In particolare viene evidenziato che, sebbene gli studiosi tendono a giungere a conclusioni molto diverse su quanto ‘urbanizzate’ le città post-romane fossero, di fatto hanno molto in comune per quanto riguarda i dati specifici in discussione. L'autore ipotizza che la differenza nelle conclusioni raggiunte dagli studiosi è dovuta in gran parte alle diverse aspettative su cosa una ‘città’ dovrebbe essere. Tale divergenza è stata incoraggiata dalla natura molto diversa dell'evidenza materiale e dei testi scritti e dalle differenze in aspettativa tra romanisti e medievisti, tra autori italiani e britannici e tra storici ed archeologi. Le città dell'Italia post-romana si sono rivelate un vivace campo di battaglia nel più ampio dibattito sulla natura della ‘Dark Age’.
A Topographical Study of the Battle of Ausculum
Authors: Salmon E. T. 
Published: August 2013

Pyrrhus, after the campaign of 280 B.C., spent the winter in Tarentum, whence in the spring of the following year he made an advance into Apulia and captured a number of towns. Shortly, however, he found his path blocked by a substantial Roman force stationed on the territory of the obscure town of Ausculum. Obscure though this town might be, it was of strategic importance. Two roads crossed there—the Via Aurelia Aeclanensis (leading from Aeclanum to Herdoniae) and the Via Herculia (leading from Aequum Tuticum to Venusia). It is still possible to describe the town as controlling one of the three southern entrances into Apulia.It has been suggested that Pyrrhus' object in this Apulian invasion was to capture Venusia, the recently founded, prodigiously strong Latin colony. To the present writer, this seems most improbable. The venture would have taken a good deal of time and effort, and it would certainly have cost many lives which Pyrrhus could spare but ill. This is especially true if the town was by then provided with a wall, as Beloch thinks. It seems more probable that Pyrrhus had another plan in mind. In the preceding year he had advanced into Latium, at least as far as Anagnia, and possibly even as far as Praeneste, his purpose being, not to besiege Rome, but to try to provoke by his presence a general defection of Rome's allies in that region. Unfortunately for Pyrrhus, those Latian allies were bound too tightly to Rome, and no movement followed.
The Date of the Mosaics of the Rotunda at Thessaloniki
Authors: Vickers Michael 
Published: August 2013

In a recent important article on the mosaics of the basilica of St. Demetrius at Thessaloniki, R. S. Cormack proposes a list of churches in the city with mosaics ‘for which a late fifth century date must be considered.’ The list comprises the Acheiropoietos basilica, the first phase of the basilica of St. Demetrius, and Hosios David. The purpose of this article is to show that the mosaics of the second phase of the Rotunda (now known as the church of St. George) should be included in Cormack's list.The first thing to note about the Rotunda mosaics is that there has been less than unanimity concerning the date of their construction. Volbach, Lazarev and Cormack, amongst others, follow Dyggve and Torp in dating the mosaics to c. 400 or slightly earlier; Diehl and Dalton dated them to the fifth century, Weigand to the sixth and Holtzinger to the seventh or eighth century, all on largely stylistic grounds. What are obviously needed are some objective dating criteria, and these are to be found, not so much in the mosaics themselves, but rather in the building fabric and the furniture of the converted Rotunda. The conversion of the Rotunda, incidentally, consisted of the blocking of an opaion in the cupola and the addition of an ambulatory, a monumental entrance to the south, an apse to the east (Plate XXIII) and various subsidiary buildings to east and west. The mosaics were placed in the cupola and in the niches which connected the main body of the Rotunda with the ambulatory.
A Hedonic Valuation of Residential Water Services
Authors: Vásquez William F. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThis paper investigates the economic value of municipal, private, and community‐managed water services in Guatemala through a hedonic analysis of rental housing prices observed in 2006. Hedonic models are jointly estimated with water service choices using a maximum simulated likelihood approach in order to control for potential endogeneity. Findings indicate that the value of piped water depends on the type of water utility. The estimated value of municipal services is at least 15 times as much as the average water bill, while value estimates are not significant for private and community‐managed systems. Value differentials are discussed considering the performance of water utilities and their institutional arrangements.
Bayesian consensus clustering
Authors: Lock Eric F. , Dunson David B. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractMotivation: In biomedical research a growing number of platforms and technologies are used to measure diverse but related information, and the task of clustering a set of objects based on multiple sources of data arises in several applications. Most current approaches to multisource clustering either independently determine a separate clustering for each data source or determine a single ‘joint’ clustering for all data sources. There is a need for more flexible approaches that simultaneously model the dependence and the heterogeneity of the data sources.Results: We propose an integrative statistical model that permits a separate clustering of the objects for each data source. These separate clusterings adhere loosely to an overall consensus clustering, and hence they are not independent. We describe a computationally scalable Bayesian framework for simultaneous estimation of both the consensus clustering and the source-specific clusterings. We demonstrate that this flexible approach is more robust than joint clustering of all data sources, and is more powerful than clustering each data source independently. We present an application to subtype identification of breast cancer tumor samples using publicly available data from The Cancer Genome Atlas.Availability: R code with instructions and examples is available at http://people.duke.edu/%7Eel113/software.html.Contact: Eric.Lock@duke.eduSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The MaSuRCA genome assembler
Authors: Zimin Aleksey V. , Marçais Guillaume , Puiu Daniela , Roberts Michael , Salzberg Steven L. , Yorke James A. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Motivation: Second-generation sequencing technologies produce high coverage of the genome by short reads at a low cost, which has prompted development of new assembly methods. In particular, multiple algorithms based on de Bruijn graphs have been shown to be effective for the assembly problem. In this article, we describe a new hybrid approach that has the computational efficiency of de Bruijn graph methods and the flexibility of overlap-based assembly strategies, and which allows variable read lengths while tolerating a significant level of sequencing error. Our method transforms large numbers of paired-end reads into a much smaller number of longer ‘super-reads’. The use of super-reads allows us to assemble combinations of Illumina reads of differing lengths together with longer reads from 454 and Sanger sequencing technologies, making it one of the few assemblers capable of handling such mixtures. We call our system the Maryland Super-Read Celera Assembler (abbreviated MaSuRCA and pronounced ‘mazurka’).
Results: We evaluate the performance of MaSuRCA against two of the most widely used assemblers for Illumina data, Allpaths-LG and SOAPdenovo2, on two datasets from organisms for which high-quality assemblies are available: the bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides and chromosome 16 of the mouse genome. We show that MaSuRCA performs on par or better than Allpaths-LG and significantly better than SOAPdenovo on these data, when evaluated against the finished sequence. We then show that MaSuRCA can significantly improve its assemblies when the original data are augmented with long reads.
Availability: MaSuRCA is available as open-source code at ftp://ftp.genome.umd.edu/pub/MaSuRCA/. Previous (pre-publication) releases have been publicly available for over a year.
Contact: alekseyz@ipst.umd.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Effect of brand origin on brand personality perceptions: an empirical analysis from Turkey
Authors: Basfirinci Cigdem 
Published: August 2013

Purpose– The purpose of this study was to explore whether and to what extent brand origin associations transfer to brand personality (BP) perceptions. Whether and in which ways product involvement and familiarity have some moderating effects on this relationship was also explored.Design/methodology/approach– Using experimental design, hypotheses were tested in two product groups.Findings– Results show that subjects not provided brand origin information perceived the competence dimension of BP significantly lower than subjects who were provided brand information. Also, product involvement positively moderates brand origin effect while product familiarity negatively moderates it. However, two-way interactions of brand origin and product involvement are more meaningful than all other interactions and main effects.Research limitations/implications– The findings were based on data collected in an experimental setting from a convenience sample that was somewhat homogeneous. Also only one dimension of BP (competence) has been used in this study.Practical implications– Supporting the importance of brand origin on BP perceptions, these results show that the general characteristics of countries can translate into personalities of their brands from the product categories that have a good reputation on international markets. As the most significant implication for practitioners, the maximum effectiveness of marketing communication strategies can be achieved through the effect of brand origin on BP perceptions only if proper segmentation can be made with regard to involvement and familiarity.Originality/value– This is the first study that has empirically demonstrated the role of image transfer on building BP perceptions through brand origin information.
Organisational culture: features and framework from Islamic perspective
Authors: Hoque Nazamul , Aktaruzzaman Khan Mohammad , Mowla Masrurul 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop the features as well as model of organisational culture from Islamic point of view.Design/methodology/approachThe study is descriptive, in so far as its goal is to describe a method, and the nature of the paper is conceptual. The study draws on secondary materials through library research.FindingsIn this paper both the features as well as model of organisational culture are developed from Islamic perspective. The salient features are trust on Allah, missionary zeal, justice, accountability, mutual respects, mutual trust, absolute sincerity, hard working, cooperation, excellence, brotherly treatment, honesty and truthfulness, morality, consultative decision making, knowledge, good behaviour, sacrifice, neat and cleanliness.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper has some implications for Islamic managers and employees who have to deal with ethical dilemmas between traditional and Islamic organisational culture in Muslim countries representing one fourth of the world population. It is also hoped that the study will reinforce managers' Islamic behaviour and make them more aware of the code of conduct based on Quran and Sunna in a modern organisational set up.Practical implicationsThe findings of this research can be used as a guide to Islamic organisational culture in Muslim countries. The study could have practical implications falling within the purview of social sciences such as political science, management and organizational studies, education, international law, and human resource management.Originality/valueWhile many studies, partially, have focused on traditional organisational culture sparing the demand of Muslim world, in this paper, the authors open a new avenue contributing to the literature on organisational culture from Islamic perspective. The proposed model will be of genuine interest and benefits to Islamic as well as non‐Islamic managers, employees, and academicians.
Multilevel analysis of teacher work attitudes
Authors: Duyar Ibrahim , Gumus Sedat , Sukru Bellibas Mehmet 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of the current study was to investigate whether the instructional and administrative leadership practices of principals and professional collaboration of teachers predict teachers’ self‐efficacy and job satisfaction in Turkish middle schools.Design/methodology/approachBy applying a causal comparative design and a multilevel methodology, the current study used OECD's Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) data set to examine the relationships among study variables. The multilevel data included 178 schools/principals and 2,967 teachers. Two‐level Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) method was used to investigate whether principals’ leadership and teachers’ collaboration predict teacher self‐efficacy and teacher job satisfaction, net of several important teacher‐level and school‐level control variables.FindingsThe findings showed that some select aspects of principal leadership and teacher collaborative practices significantly predict teachers’ self‐efficacy and job satisfaction at within and across schools. Among all independent and control variables, teachers’ collaboration appeared to be the strongest predictor of both teacher self‐efficacy and job satisfaction.Originality/valueThe areas of significance identified by this study may guide policy makers and practitioners for informed decisions and interventions targeting to enhance teacher self‐efficacy and job satisfaction. The multilevel methodology utilized by this study may also stimulate future research endeavors for capturing the nested relationships of educational data, otherwise would be unaccounted for at different levels of schooling.
Creative and innovative e‐learning using interactive storytelling
Authors: Alsumait Asmaa , Al‐Musawi Zahraa S. 
Published: August 2013

PurposeInteractive storytelling is a powerful tool for improving children's development of essential skills and general knowledge. As an informal learning method, interactive storytelling provides life experience and promotes the use of vocabulary and communication skills. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, a storytelling tool was developed to help kindergarteners create stories. This tool included an instrument used to measure four characteristics of four‐ to five‐year‐old children: general knowledge, creativity, self‐confidence and between the children and the technology to assess a child's progress. Moreover, there is a pressing need to better understand and improve upon this educational innovation. Therefore, this paper proposed the child interactive storytelling (CIS) framework.FindingsThe developed interactive storytelling tool helped instructors as well as parents to perceive the child's progress through multiple use of the tool. Experiments indicated that teachers' evaluations of their children with those measured from the developed tool were aligned which indicates that the interactive storytelling tool is valid. Moreover, the proposed CIS framework for formalizing the design of interactive storytelling tools can be used in educational interventions for children.Originality/valueThe proposed CIS framework can guide both research and practice in the design, development and evaluation of effective and useful CIS environments.