bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Amphiphilic RuII Heteroleptic Complexes Based on Benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene: Relevance of the Half‐Sandwich Complex Intermediate and Solvent Compatibility
Authors: Urbani Maxence , Medel María , Kumar Sangeeta Amit , Ince Mine , Bhaskarwar Ashok N. , González‐Rodríguez David , Grätzel Michael , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja , Torres Tomás 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe detailed synthesis and characterization of four ruthenium(II) complexes [RuLL′(NCS)2] is reported, in which L represents a 2,2′‐bipyridine ligand functionalized at the 4,4′ positions with benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene derivatives (BDT) and L′ is 2,2′‐bipyridine‐4,4′‐dicarboxylic acid unit (dcbpy) (NCS=isothiocyanate). The reaction conditions were adapted and optimized for the preparation of these amphiphilic complexes with a strong lipophilic character. The photovoltaic performances of these complexes were tested in TiO2 dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC) achieving efficiencies in the range of 3–4.5 % under simulated one sun illumination (AM1.5G).
Complete and Rapid Conversion of Hydrazine Monohydrate to Hydrogen over Supported Ni–Pt Nanoparticles on Mesoporous Ceria for Chemical Hydrogen Storage
Authors: Jiang Yuan‐Yuan , Dai Hong‐Bin , Zhong Yu‐Jie , Chen De‐Min , Wang Ping 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe development of active, selective, and robust catalysts is a key issue in promoting the practical application of hydrazine monohydrate (N2H4⋅H2O) as a viable hydrogen carrier. Herein, the synthesis of a supported Ni–Pt bimetallic nanocatalyst on mesoporous ceria by a one‐pot evaporation‐induced self‐assembly method is reported. The catalyst exhibits exceptionally high catalytic activity, 100 % selectivity, and satisfactory stability in promoting H2 generation from an alkaline solution of N2H4⋅H2O at moderate temperatures. For example, the Ni60Pt40/CeO2 catalyst enabled complete decomposition of N2H4⋅H2O to generate H2 at a rate of 293 h−1 at 30 °C in the presence of 2 M NaOH, which compares favorably with the reported N2H4⋅H2O decomposition catalysts. Phase/structural analysis by XRD, TEM, and Auger electron spectroscopy was conducted to gain insight into the excellent catalytic performance of the Ni–Pt/CeO2 catalyst.
tBuLi‐Mediated One‐Pot Direct Highly Selective Cross‐Coupling of Two Distinct Aryl Bromides
Authors: Vila Carlos , Cembellín Sara , Hornillos Valentín , Giannerini Massimo , Fañanás‐Mastral Martín , Feringa Ben L. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA Pd‐catalyzed direct cross‐coupling of two distinct aryl bromides mediated by tBuLi is described. The use of [Pd‐PEPPSI‐IPr] or [Pd‐PEPPSI‐IPent] as catalyst allows for the efficient one‐pot synthesis of unsymmetrical biaryls at room temperature. The key for this selective cross‐coupling is the use of an ortho‐substituted bromide that undergoes lithium–halogen exchange preferentially.
Systematic Assessment of Molecular Selectivity at the Level of Targets, Bioactive Compounds, and Structural Analogues
Authors: Hu Ye , Bajorath Jürgen 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThrough systematic mining of compound activity data, the target selectivity of bioactive compounds was systematically explored. The analysis was facilitated by applying, extending, and combining the concepts of target cliffs, selectivity cliffs, and matched molecular pairs. Selectivity relationships were explored at different levels including targets, individual bioactive compounds, and pairs of structural analogues. A variety of targets were identified for which active compounds were consistently nonselective or, by contrast, exclusively selective, making it possible to prioritize, or de‐prioritize, targets for compound development. Furthermore, many chemical modifications were detected that altered compound selectivity in a well‐defined manner including small structural changes that converted nonselective into target‐selective compounds or inverted the target selectivity of active compounds. A large knowledge base of selectivity relationships across pharmaceutical targets and chemical modifications that alter selectivity was generated; this has been made freely available to the scientific community as a part of this investigation.
Ultrafast Structural Fluctuations of Myoglobin‐Bound Thiocyanate and Selenocyanate Ions Measured with Two‐Dimensional Infrared Photon Echo Spectroscopy
Authors: Maj Michał , Kwak Kyungwon , Cho Minhaeng 
Published: September 2015

AbstractStructural dynamics within the distal cavity of myoglobin protein is investigated using 2D‐IR and IR pump–probe spectroscopy of the N≡C stretch modes of heme‐bound thiocyanate and selenocyanate ions. Although myoglobin‐bound thiocyanate group shows a doublet in its IR absorption spectrum, no cross peaks originating from chemical exchange between the two components are observed in the time‐resolved 2D IR spectra within the experimental time window. Frequency–frequency correlation functions of the two studied anionic ligands are obtained by means of a few different analysis approaches; these functions were then used to elucidate the differences in structural fluctuation around ligand, ligand–protein interactions, and the degree of structural heterogeneity within the hydrophobic pocket of these myoglobin complexes.
Platinum‐conjugated antibodies for application in mass cytometry
Authors: Mei Henrik E. , Leipold Michael D. , Maecker Holden T. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractMass cytometry has overcome limitations of fluorescent single cell cytometry by allowing for the measurement of up to currently ∼40 different parameters on a single cell level. However, the cellular proteome comprises many more potential analytes, and current mass cytometry instrumentation allows for theoretically up to 121 different mass detection channels. The labeling of specific probes with appropriate metal ions is a significant hurdle for exploiting more of mass cytometry's analytical capacity. To this end, we here describe the labeling of antibody with natural abundance or isotopically purified platinum as formulated in cisplatin and circumventing the use of chelator‐loaded polymers. We confirm the utility of cisplatin–antibody‐conjugates for surface, intracellular, and phosphoepitope‐specific immunophenotyping, as well as for application in cell surface CD45‐based barcoding. Cisplatin‐labeling of antibody increases the analytical capacity of the CyTOF® platform by two channels based on available reagents, and has the potential to add a total of six channels for detection of specific probes, thus helping to better extend the analytical mass range of mass cytometers. © 2015 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Childhood maltreatment, pubertal development, HPA axis functioning, and psychosocial outcomes: An integrative biopsychosocial model
Authors: Negriff Sonya , Saxbe Darby E. , Trickett Penelope K. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTThe timing and pace of pubertal development has been associated with psychosocial functioning, with pubertal variables represented both as predictors (e.g., earlier puberty linked with poor outcomes) and as sequelae (e.g., early stress linked with earlier puberty). However, the literature has largely not tested mediational models or prospective mechanisms of associations between puberty and psychosocial variables. In a longitudinal study including 454 youth followed over four timepoints (mean ages 10–18), structural equation modeling tested a hypothesized path from childhood maltreatment to cortisol (Time 1) to pubertal stage (Time 2), and psychosocial outcomes (Times 3 and 4). There was not support for the full hypothesized pathway in either gender. However, for boys, maltreatment was associated with attenuated cortisol, and more pubertal change predicted subsequent delinquency. For girls, cortisol predicted more pubertal change which then predicted substance use. This study demonstrates links between HPA axis function, pubertal development, and risky outcomes. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 57: 984–993, 2015.
How to Overcome the Water–Gas‐Shift Equilibrium using a Conventional Nickel Reformer Catalyst
Authors: Cunha Adelino F. , Moreira Miguel N. , Mafalda Ribeiro Ana , Ferreira Alexandre P. , Loureiro José M. , Rodrigues Alírio E. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe catalytic water–gas‐shift (WGS) reaction into hydrogen and carbon dioxide was investigated using a commercial nickel reformer catalyst. The effects of temperature, flow rate, and catalyst nature on the course of reaction were evaluated. Hydrogen and carbon dioxide were generated in the temperature range between 125 and 475 °C. A reaction scheme was used to explain the formation of methane. The WGS reaction and the methanation reaction (MTN) were used to calculate the equilibrium composition at these conditions. A commercial hydrotalcite‐like sorbent arranged in a multilayer pattern of catalyst plus sorbent was used for carbon dioxide capture to enhance the WGS reaction. The performance of the catalyst was assessed by comparing the measured conversions, hydrogen yields, and selectivities at steady‐state conditions with equilibrium values and with selected results reported recently, as well as conversions, hydrogen yields, and selectivities during the transient period as the hybrid system consisting of catalyst plus sorbent is arranged in a multilayer pattern system. The multilayer pattern system consisting of catalyst plus sorbent can easily overcome the thermodynamic restrictions of the WGS reaction at an operating temperature of 400 °C because of the enhanced sorption effect during the reaction process. In addition, lower flow rate regimes, and higher pressures and steam/carbon ratios increase the initial breakthrough period. This sorption‐enhanced technique makes the use of Ni‐based catalysts for the WGS reaction attractive, and suitable for the adjustment of the hydrogen ratio in synthesis gas streams.
Fuel Electrode Carbon Corrosion in High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells—Crucial or Irrelevant?
Authors: Engl Tom , Gubler Lorenz , Schmidt Thomas J. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn this study the cause and effect of fuel electrode carbon corrosion in high temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cells are highlighted for the first time. Here, measurements of the CO2 concentration in the fuel electrode effluent and spatially resolved current mapping suggest that the reverse‐current decay mechanism, which is responsible for the well‐known air electrode carbon corrosion, is not responsible for the observed fuel electrode carbon corrosion. We propose a chemical carbon oxidation mechanism, caused by the alternating exposure of the fuel electrode to hydrogen and air during start‐up/shut‐down cycling. Furthermore, a degradation study was performed which indicates a severe performance decrease, up to 40 %, due to fuel electrode carbon corrosion after 600 start‐up/shut‐down events under reformate conditions.
Connectedness and Isomorphism Properties of the Zig‐Zag Product of Graphs
Authors: D'Angeli Daniele , Donno Alfredo , Sava‐Huss Ecaterina 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn this article, we investigate the connectedness and the isomorphism problems for zig‐zag products of two graphs. A sufficient condition for the zig‐zag product of two graphs to be connected is provided, reducing to the study of the connectedness property of a new graph which depends only on the second factor of the graph product. We show that, when the second factor is a cycle graph, the study of the isomorphism problem for the zig‐zag product is equivalent to the study of the same problem for the associated pseudo‐replacement graph. The latter is defined in a natural way, by a construction generalizing the classical replacement product, and its degree is smaller than the degree of the zig‐zag product graph. Two particular classes of products are studied in detail: the zig‐zag product of a complete graph with a cycle graph, and the zig‐zag product of a 4‐regular graph with the cycle graph of length 4. Furthermore, an example coming from the theory of Schreier graphs associated with the action of self‐similar groups is also considered: the graph products are completely determined and their spectral analysis is developed.
The Impact of Remittances on Children's Human Capital Accumulation: Evidence from Morocco
Authors: Bouoiyour Jamal , Miftah Amal 
Published: September 2015

AbstractUsing a nationally representative household data set from Morocco, the present study seeks to estimate the effects of migrants' remittances on household investments in children's human capital. Three findings emerge. First, children in remittance‐receiving households are more likely to attend school and less likely to drop out compared with those in non‐remittance‐receiving households. Second, children's participation in labour market decreases in the presence of international remittances. Third, remittances are associated with significantly lower level of no schooling for girls. These findings support the growing view that remittances can help increase the educational opportunities, especially for female children. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Validation of the NIMH‐ChEFS adolescent face stimulus set in an adolescent, parent, and health professional sample
Authors: Coffman Marika C. , Trubanova Andrea , Richey J. Anthony , White Susan W. , Kim‐Spoon Jungmeen , Ollendick Thomas H. , Pine Daniel S. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAttention to faces is a fundamental psychological process in humans, with atypical attention to faces noted across several clinical disorders. Although many clinical disorders onset in adolescence, there is a lack of well‐validated stimulus sets containing adolescent faces available for experimental use. Further, the images comprising most available sets are not controlled for high‐ and low‐level visual properties. Here, we present a cross‐site validation of the National Institute of Mental Health Child Emotional Faces Picture Set (NIMH‐ChEFS), comprised of 257 photographs of adolescent faces displaying angry, fearful, happy, sad, and neutral expressions. All of the direct facial images from the NIMH‐ChEFS set were adjusted in terms of location of facial features and standardized for luminance, size, and smoothness. Although overall agreement between raters in this study and the original development‐site raters was high (89.52%), this differed by group such that agreement was lower for adolescents relative to mental health professionals in the current study. These results suggest that future research using this face set or others of adolescent/child faces should base comparisons on similarly‐aged validation data. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of health‐related quality of life and symptoms of anxiety and depression among persons diagnosed with cancer during adolescence: a 10‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Ander Malin , Grönqvist Helena , Cernvall Martin , Engvall Gunn , Hedström Mariann , Ljungman Gustaf , Lyhagen Johan , Mattsson Elisabet , von Essen Louise 
Published: September 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe main aim was to investigate the development of health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) and symptoms of anxiety and depression in a cohort diagnosed with cancer during adolescence from shortly after up to 10 years after diagnosis.MethodsParticipants (n = 61) completed the SF‐36 and the HADS shortly; six, 12, and 18 months; and two, three, four, and 10 years (n = 28) after diagnosis. Polynomial change trajectories were used to model development.ResultsPolynomial change trajectories showed an initial increase which abated over time into a decrease which abated over time for the SF‐36 subscales Mental Health and Vitality; an initial decline which abated over time into an increase for HADS anxiety; and an initial decline which abated over time into an increase which abated over time for HADS depression. The SF‐36 mental component summary showed no change from two to 10 years after diagnosis whereas the SF‐36 physical component summary showed an increase from two years after diagnosis which declined over time. Ten years after diagnosis 29% reported possible anxiety.ConclusionsDevelopment of HRQOL and symptoms of anxiety and depression appears to be non‐linear among persons diagnosed with cancer during adolescence. Well into permanent survivorship an increase in symptoms of anxiety is shown and approximately a third of the participants report possible anxiety. The findings indicate the need for: studies designed to pinpoint the times of highest psychological risk, clinical follow‐up focusing on psychological problems, and development of effective psychological interventions for survivors of adolescent cancer. © 2015 The Authors. Psycho‐Oncology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Fabrication and characterization of a corner architecture Schottky barrier diode structure
Authors: Nicley Shannon , Zajac Stephen , Rechenberg Robert , Becker Michael , Hardy Aaron , Schuelke Thomas , Grotjohn Timothy A. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe corner architecture Schottky barrier diode (SBD) structure is proposed as an alternative vertical architecture for the realization of high power, high temperature, single crystal diamond diodes. The lightly doped layer of the diode is grown in a direction perpendicular to the previous epitaxial growth of the heavily doped layer, to reduce the threading‐type dislocations in the active region of the fabricated diodes. The first ever corner architecture SBD is fabricated and evaluated for diode performance. The fabrication steps are described, including homoepitaxial diamond films deposited at high and low doping levels. Depositions are performed in microwave plasma‐assisted chemical vapor deposition (MPACVD) plasma disc bell‐jar reactors, with feedgas mixtures including hydrogen, methane, and diborane.Schematic diagram of the corner architecture Schottky barrier diode.
Global exponential stabilization of freeway models
Authors: Karafyllis Iasson , Kontorinaki Maria , Papageorgiou Markos 
Published: September 2015

SummaryThis work is devoted to the construction of feedback laws, which guarantee the robust global exponential stability of the uncongested equilibrium point for general discrete‐time freeway models. The feedback construction is based on a control Lyapunov function approach and exploits certain important properties of freeway models. The developed feedback laws are tested in simulation, and a detailed comparison is made with an existing feedback law reported in the literature and employed in practice. The robustness properties of the corresponding closed‐loop system with respect to measurement errors are also studied. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optical and surface properties of the in doped GaAs layer deposition using thermionic vacuum arc method
Authors: Pat Suat , Özen Soner , Şenay Volkan , Korkmaz Şadan , Şimşek Veli 
Published: September 2015

SummaryA broadband optical transparent InGaAs semiconductor layer production of micron thicknesses was produced in only 75 s by thermionic vacuum arc (TVA) method at the first time. The optical and surface properties of the produced layers have been investigated. InGaAs structure is using in electronics and optoelectronics devices. The main advantage of TVA method is its fast deposition rate, without any loss in the quality of the films. Doping is a very simple and fast according to common production methods. InGaAs is an alloy of indium arsenide (InAs) and gallium arsenide (GaAs). InAs with (220) crystallographic direction and GaAs with (024)/(022) crystallographic directions were detected using by XRD analysis. GaAs and InAs are in the cubic and zinc blende crystal system, respectively. According to the transmittance spectra, sample has a broadband transparency in the range of 1000–3300 nm. According to results, defined TVA method for In doping to GaAs is proper fast and friendly method. SCANNING 38:297–302, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Theoretical Analysis of the Role of Characteristics in Entrepreneurial Propensity
Authors: Van Ness Raymond K. , Seifert Charles F. 
Published: September 2015

Research summaryThe literature reveals a broad range of inconsistencies in defining entrepreneurship and in identifying personal characteristics that predict and explain the phenomena of entrepreneurship. The purpose of this work is to propose a model for consistency in predicting entrepreneurial propensity. This article acknowledges categories of entrepreneurs such as: business enterprise creating entrepreneurs, social entrepreneurs, student entrepreneurs, academic entrepreneurs, and corporate entrepreneurs. The proposed theory is specifically focused on business enterprise creating entrepreneurs, defined as Type One. These are individuals who risk their personal capital, time, and reputation in the pursuit of business ventures. Existing theories and observations regarding affect and personality as characteristics of entrepreneurs are reviewed and a new three‐dimensional taxonomy of personal characteristics for predicting Type One entrepreneurial propensity is introduced.Managerial summaryThe academic literature has revealed a wide range of definitions of entrepreneurship and this has resulted in inconsistent conclusions for defining and predicting entrepreneurial propensity. This has likely proven problematic for educational institutions interested in expanding entrepreneurial programs, governmental agencies interested in promoting localized economic activity, and lending institutions that wish to strengthen their confidence in entrepreneurs to whom they lend operating capital. This theory article is designed to propose a path to clarity and offer a model for predicting business enterprise creating entrepreneurs. These individuals are defined as Type One entrepreneurs, represented by those who risk their personal capital, time, and reputation in the pursuit of business ventures. A new three‐dimensional taxonomy of personal characteristics of these individuals is proposed.
Gender Wage Gap Accounting: The Role of Selection Bias
Authors: Bar Michael , Kim Seik , Leukhina Oksana 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Mulligan and Rubinstein (2008) (MR) argued that changing selection of working females on unobservable characteristics, from negative in the 1970s to positive in the 1990s, accounted for nearly the entire closing of the gender wage gap. We argue that their female wage equation estimates are inconsistent. Correcting this error substantially weakens the role of the rising selection bias (39 % versus 78 %) and strengthens the contribution of declining discrimination (42 % versus 7 %). Our findings resonate better with related literature. We also explain why our finding of positive selection in the 1970s provides additional support for MR’s main hypothesis that an exogenous rise in the market value of unobservable characteristics contributed to the closing of the gender gap.