bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping China's reserved arable lands and its sustainable cropping layout
Authors: Chen Huicong , He Yingbin , Wang Xiangyi , Luo Shanjun , Jiao Yifan , Han Shengnan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDReserved arable lands in China is of great significance for rationally allocating crop planting structures, alleviating the pressure of grain imports, and protecting food security. Owing to data acquisition limitations, obtaining the spatial distribution of reserved arable lands at large spatial scales is relatively rare, and there is little information on predicting the suitability, production capacity, and ecological effects of crop cultivation in reserved arable lands. This study obtained the distribution of reserved arable lands in China by applying restrictive factors, and used the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) suitability index for eight crops to obtain a spatial distribution map of suitable crops, proposed a cropland ecological efficiency index (CEEI) to analyse the ecological impact of crop cultivation in reserved arable lands.RESULTSChina possesses approximately 3.93 million hectares of viable reserved arable lands comprising primarily grasslands (67.68%), sandy land (8.11%), saline‐alkali land (20.68%), and bare land (3.53%). The average CEEI for the eight crops under irrigation conditions ranges from 0.844 to 0.865, and that under rain‐fed conditions (excluding rice) ranges from 0.609 to 0.779.CONCLUSIONWe proposed the development of rain‐fed agriculture with sorghum as the primary crop in the central part of Shanxi and Inner Mongolia, while promoting the cultivation of rapeseed and soybeans in the eastern parts of Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Inner Mongolia. Overall, the development of irrigation agriculture focusing on wheat and barley should be pursued only when water resources are guaranteed, particularly in north‐western regions such as Gansu, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Qinghai, and Shaanxi. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
A comprehensive strategy based on ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector fingerprinting and multi‐component ultra‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry technology for quality control of Jiawei Huoxiang Zhengqi Pill
Authors: Lu Yang , Lei Ting , Chen Xinyang , Ning Na , Huang Qiuling , Wu Xu , Wang Shengpeng , Li Peng , Wan Li , Cao Jiliang 
Published: July 2024

Jiawei Huoxiang Zhengqi Pill (JHZP) is a commonly used Chinese patent medicine for the clinical treatment of headache, dizziness, chest tightness as well as abdominal distension, and pain caused by wind‐cold flu. In this study, a comprehensive strategy combining ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (UHPLC‐DAD) fingerprinting and multi‐component quantitative analysis was established and validated for quality evaluation of JHZP. A total of 49 characteristic common peaks were selected in a chromatographic fingerprinting study to assess the similarity of 15 batches of JHZP. Furthermore, 109 compounds were identified or preliminarily identified from JHZP by coupling with an advanced hybrid linear ion trap‐Orbitrap mass spectrometer. For quantification, the optimized ultra‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) method was employed for the simultaneous determination of 13 target compounds within 12 min. The sensitivity, precision, reproducibility, and accuracy of the method were satisfactory. This validated UPLC‐MS/MS method was successfully applied to analyzing 15 batches of JHZP. The proposed comprehensive strategy combining UHPLC‐DAD fingerprinting and multi‐component UPLC‐MS/MS analysis proved to be highly efficient, accurate, and reliable for the quality evaluation of JHZP, which can be considered as a reference for the overall quality evaluation of other Chinese herbal formulations.
CEO stock option pay and risk‐taking investment in the hospitality industry: The moderating effects of situational factors
Authors: Song Sujin , Sun Kyung‐A , Park Sungbeen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBased upon behavioral perspective and agency theory, this paper attempts to investigate the effect of CEO stock option pay on firms' risk‐taking investments in the restaurant sector. Specifically, this paper proposes that option‐loaded CEOs tend to make risky investments. In addition, we investigate how the prior stock performance of a firm and its CEOs' characteristics moderate this relationship. The findings of this paper show that option‐loaded CEOs are more likely to engage in risk‐taking investments. However, this positive main relationship is diminished when a firm has a good prior stock performance, when a CEO has a longer tenure, and when he or she becomes aged. Given the lack of empirical literature that explores the corporate governance in the hospitality literature, this study adds value to the existing research by further investigating the effect of CEO stock option pay scheme on restaurant firms' risk‐taking behavior.
Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in elite badminton athletes: 84% Return to sport, half return to performance
Authors: Tan Yuhan , Kaldau Niels Christian , Lumban‐Gaol Imelda , Budhiparama Nicolaas C. , Peers Koenraad 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeBadminton requires fast and pivoting movements, putting athletes at risk of sustaining an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. The primary purpose is to investigate the return to sport (RTS) and the return to performance (RTP) after an ACL injury in elite badminton athletes. The secondary purpose is to describe ACL injury mechanisms in elite badminton players.MethodsAthletes within the top 200 of the Badminton World Federation World Ranking who sustained an ACL injury between January 2001 and December 2021 were retrospectively included. An anonymous online survey was created in eight languages. RTS, RTP and contributing factors were analysed among athletes aiming to RTP. The injury mechanism was analysed in all participants.ResultsSixty‐six athletes from 32 countries were included. Fifty‐seven athletes (86.4%) aimed to RTP. Forty‐eight out of 57 (84.2%) did RTS. Twenty‐nine (50.9%) managed to successfully RTP. Forty‐nine (74.2%) of ACL injuries occurred during a competition, 14 (21.2%) occured during training. Thirty‐one (49.2%) occurred in the rear court backhand side and 47 (74.6%) occurred during landing after a jump.ConclusionForty‐eight out of 57 (84.2%) athletes managed to RTS. Half of the athletes managed to successfully RTP. Most of the ACL injuries occurred during competition, in the rear court backhand side and during landing after a jump.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Femorotibial angle scan–rescan reproducibility: A high‐precision calculation on a large cohort
Authors: Hall Thomas A. G. , Jones Gareth G. , van Arkel Richard J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeFemorotibial angle (FTA) is a convenient measure of coronal knee alignment that can be extracted from a short knee radiograph, avoiding the additional radiation exposure and specialist equipment required for full‐leg radiographs. While intra‐ and inter‐reader reproducibility from the same image has been reported, the full scan–rescan reproducibility across images, as calculated in this study, has not.MethodsIn this study, 4589 FTA measurement pairs from 2586 subjects acquired a year apart were used to estimate FTA scan–rescan reproducibility using data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Subjects with radiographic progression of osteoarthritis or other conditions that may cause a change in coronal knee alignment were excluded. Measurement pairs were analysed using paired‐samples tests to detect differences and compared to symptomatic changes in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index scores for joint pain, stiffness and physical function to detect correlations.ResultsThe 95% limit of agreement and the paired‐samples correlation were calculated with high precision to be [−1.76°, +1.78°] and 0.938, considerably worse than the corresponding figures for intra‐ and inter‐reader reproducibility, without relation to symptomatic or radiographic changes in knee condition. This error will weakly attenuate and values from their true values in correlative studies involving FTA. The realistic maximum value for is 87% and for Pearson's is 93%.ConclusionThe scan–rescan reproducibility in FTA is almost double the intra‐ and inter‐reader reliability from a single scan. At almost ±2° accuracy, FTA is inappropriate for surgical use, but it is sufficiently reproducible to produce good correlations in studies predicting disease incidence and progression.Level of EvidenceLevel II, retrospective study.
Arthroscopy‐assisted procedure provides less residual horizontal instability and optimal coracoid tunnel creation with less radiation exposure compared to percutaneous procedure after endo‐button fixation of type III AC joint dislocations
Authors: İğrek Servet , Şahbat Yavuz , Yiğit Okan , Yuvacı Fatih , Keskin Ahmet , İğde Niyazi , Dedeoğlu Süleyman Semih 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the postoperative radiological and functional results of patients treated with arthroscopy‐assisted (AA) and percutaneous (P) procedures using endo‐button for type III acromioclavicular joint dislocations with a minimum 1‐year follow‐up. The study hypothesis was that the AA technique would provide more favourable coracoid tunnels.MethodsThis retrospective study included patients who underwent surgery between 2017 and 2022. Computed tomography images taken immediately postoperatively of all the patients were analysed to group coracoid tunnels as optimal or suboptimal based on orientation and placement within the coracoid base. Residual horizontal instability was assessed using the bilateral Alexander view at the final follow‐up. Shoulder functions were evaluated at the final follow‐up examination.ResultsOf the 63 patients, 39 underwent surgery using the percutaneous procedure and 24 with the AA procedure. Surgical duration was significantly longer in the AA group (AA: 61.1 ± 5.9 min; P: 34.7 ± 5.6 min) (p = 0.001; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 23.3–29.3), whereas fluoroscopy time was longer in the percutaneous group (AA: 2.0 ± 0.8 s; P: 15.7 ± 3.9 s) (p = 0.001; 95% CI: −14.9 to 12.3). Optimal coracoid tunnels were more frequently observed in the AA group (p = 0.001; 95% CI: 7.4−137.8). There was no significant difference in functional scores between the groups (n.s.). Postoperative horizontal instability was more common in the percutaneous procedure (p = 0.013; 95% CI: 8.3–39.2).ConclusionsAlthough no difference was detected between the methods in terms of complications and functional results, the higher frequency of residual horizontal instability, the high risk of suboptimal tunnel creation and greater radiation exposure were seen to be the most important disadvantages of the percutaneous technique. During surgery, such technical problems related to the percutaneous method should be kept in mind and care should be taken about the orientation of the coracoid tunnel.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Fibula Free Flap Reconstruction of Cervical Spine Defects: A Multi‐Institutional Study
Authors: Yang Sara , Morton Zoey , Colcord Maddie , Jackson Ryan S. , Moore Eric J. , Thuener Jason , Bewley Arnaud F. , Coughlin Andrew , Khariwala Samir S. , Richmon Jeremy D. , Pipkorn Patrik , Winters Ryan , Militsakh Oleg N. , Zender Chad A. , Wright James , Wax Mark K. 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionCervical spine defects result in spinal instability, putting the spinal cord and vertebral arteries at risk of damage and possibly devastating neurological injuries. The fibula free flap can span the spinal defects for stability. There is a paucity of literature on this technique.MethodMulti‐institutional retrospective case series reviewing patients who underwent cervical spine reconstruction with a fibula free flap. Patient demographic information, comorbidities, characteristics of cervical spine defects, and free flap complications were collected.ResultsA total of 1187 fibula free flaps across 10 different institutions were reviewed. Thirteen patients (1.09%) underwent cervical spine reconstruction with a fibula free flap. Average age was 52.3 years old with an age range of 12–79 years. There were six males (46.1%) and seven females (53.8%). The most common defect etiology was infection (n = 6, 46.1%). Most commonly involved cervical spine level of the defect was C5 (n = 10) followed by C6 (n = 9) and C4 (n = 8). The majority of reconstructed defects spanned three or more cervical levels, (n = 9, 69.2%). Facial artery was the most common arterial anastomosis (n = 8). Eight patients (61.5%) required a tracheostomy during their postoperative course. None of the patients had symptomatic or radiographic nonunion.ConclusionThis case series demonstrates that a vascularized fibula flap is a potential reconstructive option for cervical spine defects, especially in defects greater than three cervical levels, in the setting of infection, and previously radiated patients.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:4923–4928, 2024
Tracking a large‐scale and highly toxic Arctic algal bloom: Rapid detection and risk communication
Authors: Fachon Evangeline , Pickart Robert S. , Sheffield Gay , Pate Emma , Pathare Mrunmayee , Brosnahan Michael L. , Muhlbach Eric , Horn Kali , Spada Nathaniel N. , Rajagopalan Anushka , Lin Peigen , McRaven Leah T. , Lago Loreley S. , Huang Jie , Bahr Frank , Stockwell Dean A. , Hubbard Katherine A. , Farrugia Thomas J. , Lefebvre Kathi A. , Anderson Donald M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn recent years, blooms of the neurotoxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella have been documented in Pacific Arctic waters, and the paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) that this species produces have been detected throughout the food web. These observations have raised significant concerns about the role that harmful algal blooms (HABs) will play in a rapidly changing Arctic. During a research cruise in summer 2022, a massive bloom of A. catenella was detected in real time as it was advected through the Bering Strait region. The bloom was exceptional in both spatial scale and density, extending > 600 km latitudinally, reaching concentrations > 174,000 cells L−1, and producing high‐potency PST congeners. Throughout the event, coastal stakeholders in the region were engaged and a multi‐faceted community response was mobilized. This unprecedented bloom highlighted the urgent need for response capabilities to ensure safe utilization of critical marine resources in a region that has little experience with HABs.
Tip‐Enhanced Imaging and Control of Infrared Strong Light‐Matter Interaction
Authors: Wang Yueying , Johnson Samuel C. , Nookala Nishant , Klem John F. , Turner Samuel R. , Puro Richard L. , Hu Min , Brener Igal , Muller Eric A. , Belyanin Alexey , Belkin Mikhail A. , Raschke Markus B. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOptical antenna resonators enable control of light‐matter interactions on the nano‐scale via electron–photon hybrid states in strong coupling. Specifically, mid‐infrared (MIR) nano‐antennas coupled to saturable intersubband transitions in multi‐quantum‐well (MQW) semiconductor heterostructures allow for the coupling strength to be tuned through antenna resonance and field intensity. Here, tip‐enhanced nano‐scale variation of antenna‐MQW coupling across the antenna is demonstrated, with a spatially‐dependent coupling strength varying from 73 (strong coupling) to 24 (weak coupling). This behavior is modeled based on the spatially dependent local constructive and destructive interference between tip and antenna fields. Using a quantum‐mechanical density‐matrix model of the MQW system with its designed values of transition dipole moment, doping density, and population decay time, the picosecond IR pulse coupling to intersubband transitions and the associated tip induced strong‐field saturation effects are described. These results present a new regime of nonlinear IR light‐matter control based on the dynamic manipulation of quantum hybrid states on the nanoscale and in the infrared, with a perspective regarding extension to molecular vibrations.
Unraveling the Deep‐Level Defects Induced Optical Losses in LilnSe2 Crystal toward Enhancement of Mid‐Infrared Laser Radiation
Authors: Wang Shilei , Ma Chao , Xu Kaihui , Zhang Jingjing , Yang Feng , Tao Xutang , Wang Shanpeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMid‐infrared (MIR) lasers generated by nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals have aroused extensive attention in various military and civilian applications. Among the MIR NLO crystal family, LiInSe2 (LISe) is a promising candidate in the generation of MIR lasers due to its wide transmission range, large bandgap, and high laser‐induced damage threshold. However, the intrinsic defects in LISe induce optical losses, which will induce laser damage and hinder the performance of MIR laser generation. In this work, the mechanism of optical absorption induced by defects is revealed in LISe through transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy. It is verified that the deep‐level defects in LISe give rise to the extra optical absorption, which is owing to the excited state absorption (ESA) and photo‐induced absorption (PIA). Accordingly, for improving the optical properties of LISe crystals, Li2Se vapor‐mediated annealing to reduce defects concentration is rationally designed. The results confirmed that the optical properties of annealed LISe are improved due to the decrease of defects concentration. Ultimately, the performance of MIR laser generation is successfully enhanced by using the annealed LISe crystal. This work provides deep insights into the defect‐induced absorption losses in LISe crystals and promotes the application of LISe crystals in MIR laser generation.
Single‐staged revascularization and reconstruction after crush injury of the wrist and distal forearm: A protocolized approach
Authors: Li Jianchi , Wu Xiang , Peng Songgen , Guo Qiahong , Liu Ming , Li Shengshan , Shaffrey Ellen C. , Zeng Weifeng , Pan Xianhua , Liao Xuan , Liu Hongwei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAmputation of the wrist or distal forearm after high‐energy trauma due to a crushing mechanism is associated with complex tissue defects, making repair, and reconstruction challenging. Given the difficulty of this type of salvage, patients unfortunately experience a high revision amputation rate. However, a higher quality of life has been reported in patients with successful reconstructions. Herein, we described a protocolized approach for revascularization and reconstruction for functional hand salvage after traumatic amputation from a crushing mechanism using an anterolateral thigh flap (ALT).MethodsA retrospective review was performed between October 2016 and October 2023 for all patients who underwent single‐stage emergent debridement, revascularization, and soft tissue coverage using the ALT after amputation at the level of the wrist or distal forearm secondary to high‐energy crush injury. Charts were reviewed for the preoperative Mangled Extremity Salvage Score, intraoperative details including what structures were injured and the reconstructive method performed, and postoperative data such as follow‐up duration, outcomes, and complications.ResultsEleven patients met the inclusion criteria with an average age of 35.5 (21–49) years old. The average size of the skin soft tissue defects was 17.3 × 8 cm (range, length: 13–25 cm, width: 6–13 cm), and all cases had associated injury to the underlying bone, nerves, and blood vessels. The average size of the ALT flap used for reconstruction was 19.2 × 9.8 cm (range, length: 14–27 cm, width: 7–15 cm). All patients had survival of the replanted limb. One patient experienced partial flap necrosis that required secondary debridement and skin graft. Nine patients healed without requiring any additional debridement procedures. Patient follow‐up averaged 24.6 (12–38) months. All patients achieved satisfactory functional recovery with Grade II to III of Chen's criteria.ConclusionsFor patients with traumatic crush amputation to the wrist with surrounding soft tissue injury, thorough debridement, revascularization, and reconstruction of amputated limbs can be performed in a single stage using the ALT. A protocolized approach from two institutions is presented, demonstrating improved survival and reduced complications of the traumatized limb with improved long‐term patient outcomes.
Polar Lipids Supplementation Enhances Basal Excitatory Synaptic Transmission in Primary Cortical Neuron
Authors: Yeo Xin Yi , Tam Dao , Jo Yunju , Kim Jung Eun , Ryu Dongryeol , Chan Jia Pei , Jung Sangyong 
Published: July 2024

ScopePolar lipids, such as gangliosides and phospholipids, are fundamental structural components that play critical roles in the development and maturation of neurons in the brain. Recent evidence has demonstrated that dietary intakes of polar lipids in early life are associated with improved cognitive outcomes during infancy and adolescence. However, the specific mechanisms through which these lipids impact cognition remain unclear.Methods and resultsThis study examines the direct physiological impact of polar lipid supplementation, in the form of buttermilk powder, on primary cortical neuron growth and maturation. The changes are measured with postsynaptic current response recordings, immunohistochemical examination of functional synapse localization and numbers, and the biochemical quantification of receptors responsible for neuronal synaptic neurotransmission. Chronic exposure to polar lipids increases primary mouse cortical neuron basal excitatory synapse response strength attributed to enhanced dendritic complexity and an altered expression of the excitatory α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunit 2 (GluR2).ConclusionThe present finding suggests that dietary polar lipids improve human cognition through an enhancement of neuronal maturation and/or function.
Isorhamnetin Improves Oocyte Maturation by Activating the Pi3k/Akt Signaling Pathway
Authors: Li Xiaoya , Cheng Jianyong , Yao Qichun , Duan Jiaxin , Chen Huali , Zhang Zelin , Yang Li , Hua Rongmao , Li Qingwang 
Published: July 2024

ScopeIsorhamnetin is a natural flavonoid with various pharmacological activities, which can be widely and continuously ingested by humans and animals through their daily diet. The aim of this study is to explore the benefits and molecular mechanisms of isorhamnetin on oocyte maturation.Methods and resultsOocytes are incubated with isorhamnetin (5, 10, 20, and 30 µM) for 44 h. Isorhamnetin (10 µM) increases the polar body extrusion rate of oocytes. Furthermore, isorhamnetin alleviates oxidative stress by inhibiting reactive oxygen species levels and stimulating SOD2 protein expression. The changes in intracellular mitochondrial autophagy and apoptosis‐related proteins (Bcl‐2, Bax/Bcl‐2, and C‐Casp3) indicate that isorhamnetin inhibits oocyte apoptosis. Isorhamnetin inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress by reducing the protein expression of CHOP and GRP78 and improving the normal distribution rate of endoplasmic reticulum. Mechanistic studies show that isorhamnetin activates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.ConclusionIsorhamnetin promotes oocyte maturation by inhibiting oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysregulation, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, which have important potential for improving oocyte quality and treating female infertility.