bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A two scale model for liquid phase epitaxy with elasticity: An iterative procedure
Authors: Eck Ch. , Kutter M. , Sändig A.‐M. , Rohde Ch. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractEpitaxy is a technically relevant process since it gives the possibility to generate microstructures of different morphologies. These microstructures can be influenced by elastic effects in the epitaxial layer. We consider a two scale model including elasticity, introduced in [8]. The coupling of the microscopic and the macroscopic equations is described by an iterative procedure. We concentrate on the microscopic equations and study their solvability in appropriate function spaces. As the main results we prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions of the three single parts of the microscopic problem. The composition of the corresponding solution operators maps a suitable function space into itself. These results are a first step in the proof of existence of solutions via suitable fixed point arguments of the fully coupled two scale model.
A theory of thermoelasticity with diffusion under Green‐Naghdi models
Authors: Aouadi M. , Lazzari B. , Nibbi R. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn this paper, we use the Green‐Naghdi theory of thermomechanics of continua to derive a nonlinear theory of thermoelasticity with diffusion of types II and III. This theory permits propagation of both thermal and diffusion waves at finite speeds. The equations of the linear theory are also obtained. With the help of the semigroup theory of linear operators we establish that the linear anisotropic problem is well posed and we study the asymptotic behavior of the solutions. Finally, we investigate the impossibility of the localization in time of solutions.
Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Patients with Inflammatory Joint Disease: A Review of Risk Factors and Current Approaches to Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Morrison Todd A. , Figgie Mark , Miller Andy O. , Goodman Susan M. 
Published: July 2013

Background Prevention, early identification, and effective management of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in patients with inflammatory joint disease (IJD) present unique challenges for physicians. Discontinuing disease-modifying anti-rheumatoid drugs (DMARDs) perioperatively may reduce immunosuppression and infection risk at the expense of increasing disease flares. Interpreting traditional diagnostic markers of PJI can be difficult due to disease-related inflammation. Purposes This review is designed to answer how to (1) manage immunosuppressive/DMARD therapy perioperatively, (2) diagnose PJI in patients with IJD, and (3) treat PJI in this population. Methods The PubMed database was searched for relevant articles with subsequent review by independent authors. Results While there is evidence to support the use of methotrexate perioperatively in RA patients, it remains unclear whether using anti-tumor necrosis factor medications perioperatively increases the risk of surgical site infections. Serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein can be useful for diagnosis of PJI in this population, but only as part of comprehensive workup that ultimately relies upon sampling of joint fluid. Management of PJI depends on several clinical factors including duration of infection and the likelihood of biofilm presence, the infecting organism, sensitivity to antibiotic therapy, and host immune status. The evidence suggests that two-stage revision or resection arthroplasty is more likely to eradicate infection, particularly when MRSA is the pathogen. Conclusion Immunosuppression and baseline inflammatory changes in the IJD population can complicate the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of PJI. Understanding the increase in risk associated with IJD and its treatment is essential for proper management when patients undergo lower extremity arthroplasty.
Structures and Polymorphic Transitions of Triacylglycerols, SOS and POS Thin Films: A Study on Temperature Dependence
Authors: Shimizu Katsumi , Uozaki Yoshihito , Nozaki Kimihiko , Uenaka Mai , Terauchi Hikaru , Takahashi Isao 
Published: July 2013

AbstractX‐ray reflectivity (XR) and scanning probe microscopy (SPM) were used to examine the structures, polymorphic transitions, and surface morphologies of triacylglycerol (TAG), 1,3‐stearin‐2‐olein (SOS) and 1‐palmitin‐2‐olein‐3‐stearin (POS) thin films supported on Si substrates. The structural parameters: thickness, electron density, and surface/interface roughnesses of TAG thin films were determined by the nonlinear least‐squares regression of XR profiles to reveal their temperature dependences. In the lower temperature regimes, we observed Bragg peaks without significant interference fringe patterns in the XR profiles. SPM at room temperature displayed isolated islands on TAG thin films with surface undulations. Whereas in the higher temperature regimes in which the Bragg peaks disappeared, the interference fringe patterns became prominent. The analyses of the XR profiles indicated the structural change in thin films from three layers to single layer on Si substrates with increasing temperature. However, the temperatures at which the structural change occurred were obviously different between SOS and POS thin films.
WINNERS AND LOSERS: EDWARDS AND THE UNFAIR LAW OF DISMISSAL
Authors: Barnard Catherine , Merrett Louise 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn Edwards v Chesterfield Royal Hospital N.H.S. Foundation Trust the majority of a seven-justice Supreme Court held that a common law claim for breach of express contractual disciplinary procedures was pre-empted by the statutory right to claim for unfair dismissal. Further, they held that one express term (the notice clause) should be prioritised over another (the contractual disciplinary procedure). In this article we argue that the application of the idea of statutory “trumping” of the common law misunderstands the complex evolution of the common law in this field and its interplay with statute. We also argue that the traditional pre-eminence given to notice clauses over all other express terms needs to be reconsidered.
Age, growth and mortality of anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus in the south-eastern region of the Black Sea during the 2010–2011 fishing season
Authors: Sağlam N. Erdoğan , Sağlam C. 
Published: July 2013

In this research age composition, sex-ratio, growth, survival, mortality and exploitation rates were determined in the south-eastern Black Sea region of Turkey during the 2010–2011 fishing season. Anchovy in the age group 2 was the most abundant (64.06%), followed by age groups 1 (33.12%), 3 (1.80%) and 0 (1.02%). Mean length and weight of the total sample, males and females, were 11.63 ± 0.02 cm, 9.98 ± 0.04 g; 11.39 ± 0.03 cm, 9.40 ± 0.07 g; and 11.98 ± 0.02 cm, 10.73 ± 0.05 g, respectively. The mean condition factor was CF = 0.63 and the sex composition was 61.27% female, 34.40% male and 4.33% unidentified. Equations describing the relationship between length and weight, age and length, and age and weight were derived as W = 0.011 × L2.742, L(t) = 16.368*(1–e−0.425*(t +1.35)) and W(t) = 23.516*(1 –e–0.425*(t+1.35))2,747, respectively. The survival (S), instantaneous total mortality (Z), annual mortality (A), natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F) rates were found to be S = 5.8%, Z = 2.84 yr–1,, A = 94.2%, M = 0.66 yr−1, and F = 2.18 yr–1, respectively. The exploitation rate was calculated as 0.77, which is higher than the optimum exploitation level.
Comparison of sub-micro/nano structure formation on polished silicon surface irradiated by nanosecond laser beam in ambient air and distilled water
Authors: Sobhani Maliheh , Mahdieh Mohammad Hossein 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis paper compares sub-micro/nano structure formation on polished silicon surface irradiated by nanosecond laser pulses in ambient air and distilled water. Surface cluster density and optical reflectivity of silicon surface (at a typical wavelength of λ = 632 nm) were studied in terms of number of laser pulses and laser fluence. The surface density and optical reflectivity give information on clusters filling factor and clusters height respectively. The results show that the values of surface cluster density and clusters height strongly depend on laser pulse numbers and interacting ambient. Comparing to air, distilled water as an interacting ambient can affect more significantly the clusters height.
“Shunt index” can be used to predict clinically significant patent ductus arteriosus in premature neonates in early post-natal life
Authors: Yapakçı Ece , Ecevit Ayşe , Törer Birgin , Ince Deniz Anuk , Gökdemir Mahmut , Gülcan Hande , Tarcan Aylin 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackground:This study aimed to examine the differences between arterial and inferior caval vein oxygen saturation, fractional oxygen extraction, and the shunt index, which were calculated in the diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus.Methods:Twenty-seven preterm infants were included in this study and were divided into two groups according to patent ductus arteriosus. Among them, 11 (41%) infants had haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus and 16 (59%) did not have significant patent ductus arteriosus. Synchronous arterial and venous blood gases were measured during the first post-natal hours after the insertion of umbilical catheters. The differences between arterial and inferior caval vein oxygen saturation, inferior body fractional oxygen extraction, and the shunt index were calculated. Echocardiography was performed before the 72nd hour of life in a selected group of patients who had haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus. Ibuprofen treatment was administered to patients with patent ductus arteriosus. Echocardiography was performed on the 72nd hour of life in preterm infants without any clinical suspicion of patent ductus arteriosus.Results:The early measured differences between arterial and inferior caval vein oxygen saturation and inferior body fractional oxygen extraction were found to be lower and the shunt index was found to be higher in the haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus group than in the group without haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus.Conclusion:We found that the shunt index, calculated in the first hours of life as ≥63%, predicted haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus with a sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 82% in preterm newborns.
How Inhibition Relates to Impulsivity after Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Rochat Lucien , Beni Catia , Annoni Jean-Marie , Vuadens Philippe , Van der Linden Martial 
Published: July 2013

AbstractImpulsive behaviors and poor inhibition performances are frequently described in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, few studies have examined impulsivity and associated inhibition impairments in these patients. Twenty-eight patients with moderate to severe TBI and 27 matched controls performed a stop-signal task designed to assess prepotent response inhibition (the ability to inhibit a dominant or automatic motor response) in a neutral or emotional context and a recent negative task to assess resistance to proactive interference (the ability to resist the intrusion into memory of information that was previously relevant but has since become irrelevant). Informants of each patient completed a short questionnaire designed to assess impulsivity. Patients showed a significant increase in current urgency, lack of premeditation, and lack of perseverance when retrospectively compared with the preinjury condition. Group comparisons revealed poorer prepotent response inhibition and resistance to proactive interference performances in patients with TBI. Finally, correlation analyses revealed a significant positive correlation between urgency (the tendency to act rashly when distressed) and prepotent response inhibition in patients with TBI. This study sheds new light on the construct of impulsivity after a TBI, its related cognitive mechanisms, and its potential role in problematic behaviors described after a TBI. (JINS, 2013,19, 1–9)
Analysis and experimental studies of compact polarization tracking modules for Ku band phased array antennas
Authors: Shi Wei , Zhou Jun , Qian Zuping , Shen Ya 
Published: July 2013

Detailed analysis of the polarization tracking modules for Ku band active phased array antennas is presented. The proposed transmitter (14.0–14.5 GHz) and receiver (12.25–12.75 GHz) modules are based on the low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technique, containing orthogonal dual channels with different phases controlled by phase shifters. The effect of amplitude and phase inconsistency between two channels on polarization tracking performance is analyzed. The validity of the analysis is verified by the measurements of the manufactured prototypes. The measured patterns of the active phased array antenna are given to illustrate the effects of the modules on polarization agility, which may be used for Ku band satellite antennas on mobile terminals.
The role of ear stone size in hair cell acoustic sensory transduction
Authors: Inoue Maya , Tanimoto Masashi , Oda Yoichi 
Published: July 2013

AbstractHearing and bodily balance are different sensations initiated by a common mechanism. Both sound- and head movement-dependent mechanical displacement are converted into electrical signals by the sensory hair cells. The saccule and utricle inner ear organs, in combination with their central projections to the hindbrain, are considered essential in fish for separating auditory and vestibular stimuli. Here, we established an in vivo method in larval zebrafish to manipulate otolith growth. We found that the saccule containing a large otolith is necessary to detect sound, whereas the utricle containing a small otolith is not sufficient. Otolith removal and relocation altered otolith growth such that utricles with experimentally enlarged otoliths acquired the sense of sound. These results show that otolith biomineralization occurs in a region-specific manner and suggest that regulation of otolith size in the larval zebrafish ear is crucial to differentially sense auditory and vestibular information.
The Communicative Participation Item Bank (CPIB): Item Bank Calibration and Development of a Disorder-Generic Short Form
Authors: Baylor Carolyn , Yorkston Kathryn , Eadie Tanya , Kim Jiseon , Chung Hyewon , Amtmann Dagmar 
Published: July 2013

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to calibrate the items for the Communicative Participation Item Bank (CPIB; Baylor, Yorkston, Eadie, Miller, & Amtmann, 2009; Yorkston et al., 2008) using item response theory (IRT). One overriding objective was to examine whether the IRT item parameters would be consistent across different diagnostic groups, thereby allowing creation of a disorder-generic instrument. The intended outcomes were the final item bank and a short form ready for clinical and research applications.

Method
Self-report data were collected from 701 individuals representing 4 diagnoses: multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and head and neck cancer. Participants completed the CPIB and additional self-report questionnaires. CPIB data were analyzed using the IRT graded response model.

Results
The initial set of 94 candidate CPIB items were reduced to an item bank of 46 items demonstrating unidimensionality, local independence, good item fit, and good measurement precision. Differential item functioning analyses detected no meaningful differences across diagnostic groups. A 10-item, disorder-generic short form was generated.

Conclusions
The CPIB provides speech-language pathologists with a unidimensional, self-report outcomes measurement instrument dedicated to the construct of communicative participation. This instrument may be useful to clinicians and researchers wanting to implement measures of communicative participation in their work.
Learning to Fail in Aphasia: An Investigation of Error Learning in Naming
Authors: Middleton Erica L. , Schwartz Myrna F. 
Published: July 2013

Purpose
To determine whether the naming impairment in aphasia is influenced by error learning and whether error learning is related to type of retrieval strategy.

Method
Nine participants with aphasia and 10 neurologically intact controls named familiar proper noun concepts. When experiencing tip-of-the-tongue naming failure (TOT) in an initial TOT-elicitation phase, participants were instructed to adopt phonological or semantic self-cued retrieval strategies. In the error learning manipulation, items evoking TOT states during TOT elicitation were randomly assigned to a short or long time condition in which participants were encouraged to continue to try to retrieve the name for either 20 s (short interval) or 60 s (long). The incidence of TOT on the same items was measured on a post-test after 48 hr. Error learning was defined as a higher rate of recurrent TOTs (TOT at both TOT elicitation and post-test) for items assigned to the long (versus short) time condition.

Results
In the phonological condition, participants with aphasia showed error learning, whereas controls showed a pattern opposite to error learning. There was no evidence for error learning in the semantic condition for either group.

Conclusion
Error learning is operative in aphasia but is dependent on the type of strategy used during naming failure.
Wideband size‐reduced microstrip rat‐race hybrid with double‐side‐swap phase inverter
Authors: Mung S.W.Y. , Chan W.S. 
Published: July 2013

A double‐side‐swap phase inverter is proposed in the rat‐race hybrid. This phase inverter with a 90° line replaces the conventional 270° line in the hybrid, which results in a size reduction and widening of the bandwidth. In microwave components, a large ground plane has the advantages of acting as an effective reflector in antenna systems and providing excellent heat sinking in high power applications. Experiment shows that this proposed hybrid has good performance from 1.2 to 2.8 GHz (fo = 2 GHz). The bandwidth is increased from 10 to 80 %, respectively, and a 43 % size reduction is obtained compared with the conventional rat‐race hybrid.
Image enhancement in forward imaging radar using modified apodisation technique
Authors: Cho B.L. , Sun S.G. , Lim B.G. 
Published: July 2013

Forward imaging radar using an UWB signal has been developed by many researchers. The image quality in this radar is not satisfactory because of the limitation of aperture length. Proposed is an image enhancement method using a modified apodisation technique in forward imaging radar. An experiment is carried out to validate the proposed method. The azimuth resolution and peak‐to‐sidelobe ratio are improved by the proposed method by up to about 11.7% and 10 dB, respectively.
Feasibility test of implantable microphone at middle ear cavity
Authors: Woo S.H.A. , Lee J.W. , Park I‐Y. , Song B.S. 
Published: July 2013

With the advent of implantable hearing aids, the implementation and acoustic sensing strategy of the implantable microphone becomes an important issue. Previously, implantable microphones were inserted under the skin, which causes loud noise signals from touching or moving the skin. In this reported work, mounting a microphone in a drilled hole to the middle ear cavity is proposed. This method does not cause any skin movement problems or aesthetic problems. Furthermore, surgical operation is easy because the microphone can be mounted onto the drilled bone and does not need to be clipped or attached to the ossicular chain. From guinea pig experiments (n = 5), the loss of transmission from the proposed microphone observed was only 1.17 ± 0.36 and 5.04 ± 0.84 dB (mean ± std.) for the 0.2–1 and 3–4 kHz bands. The lowest minimum detectable sound pressure was measured as 27.7 dB SPL (SNR: 6 dB) at 3150 Hz without pinna or canal effects.
High peak power pulses from dispersion optimised modelocked semiconductor laser
Authors: Balzer J.C. , Schlauch T. , Klehr A. , Erbert G. , Tränkle G. , Hofmann M.R. 
Published: July 2013

Presented is an electrically pumped passively modelocked edge‐emitting semiconductor laser system in an external cavity setup with intracavity dispersion management. This concept, in combination with a pulse compressor, provides pulses as short as 158 fs. By expanding the setup with a tapered diode laser amplifier, peak powers up to 6.5 kW were achieved in the 850 nm wavelength range.
1.4 GHz femtosecond comb generation by Fabry‐Pérot filtering of optical parametric oscillator frequency comb
Authors: Ferreiro T.I. , Lamour T.P. , Sun J. , Reid D.T. 
Published: July 2013

Laser frequency combs based on optical parametric oscillators provide widely tunable sources of regularly spaced frequencies from the visible to the mid‐infrared, with potential applications in precision metrology, spectroscopy and astronomy. Reported is the extension of the comb mode spacing into the GHz domain by using a Fabry‐Pérot cavity, the length of which was electronically stabilised to a harmonic of the original pulse repetition frequency via a dither‐locking technique. A 1500 nm femtosecond optical parametric oscillator frequency comb, the repetition frequency and carrier‐envelope offset frequency of which were locked to 280 MHz and 10 MHz, respectively, was filtered by a high‐finesse cavity to generate a pulse sequence at 1.4 GHz, corresponding to a factor of five increase in the mode spacing of the comb.
Characterization and comparison of human nuclear and cytosolic editomes
Authors: Chen Liang 
Published: July 2013

Significance
RNA editing can alter the information content of genome sequences and increase transcriptome diversity. Global analyses of RNA editing remain challenging, largely due to the analytical barriers to separating editing events from errors in sequencing and alignment. Our computational statistical framework addresses these challenges and will also benefit other single-nucleotide level analyses of RNA-Seq data. Our results provide guidance for detecting nucleotide variants in RNA-Seq. We characterized human nuclear and cytosolic editomes and revealed relationships between editing and nucleocytoplasmic compartmentalization, microRNA regulation, and coding capacity. We also discovered that A-to-G editing mediates RNA memory of ancestral DNA alleles.