bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethnographic study on the Harley Davidson culture and community
Authors: Corey Jeromy , Millage Phil 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– One of the most powerful and organizing methods in the world today revolves around the activities that individuals participate in and the subsequent interpersonal relationships that give people meaning in life. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Today's society longs to add meaning and identity to their lives in a variety of ways. A sense of belonging, or a sense of community, has proven very impactful on the lives of many and creates certain changes to an individual's mindset that relate to the specific subsets of culture and consumption to which they identify with.

Findings
– The authors find that Harley Davidson has a strong following in the USA and suggest that it might also have one in China.

Originality/value
– In this paper, the authors attempt to define and better categorize a subset of the Harley Davidson following, while studying the habits, relationships, and reasoning behind both the new motorcycle owners, and the veterans of the Harley Davidson way of life. The authors will also attempt to analyze the role relationships (spouse, significant other, and friends or relatives) play in the decision to join this niche subculture. Analyzing these potential and newly converted Harley Davidson customers to gain insight and understanding about the deciding social factors at play in choosing this brand over the others is a primary focus. In studying this unique subculture of consumption, the authors hope to better understand the development and rationale of new Harley Davidson riders and to measure certain personal levels of enjoyment on an individual or group setting, and to analyze the impact on ones social image before and after purchase.
Organizational justice and employee engagement
Authors: Ghosh Piyali , Rai Alka , Sinha Apsha 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore whether perceptions of distributive, procedural and interactional justice are related to employee engagement, as an extension of the antecedents-consequences model of Saks (2006), and to examine the possibility of inter-relationships between these three dimensions of justice.Design/methodology/approach– A survey of 210 employees of public sector banks in India covered measures of job and organization engagement (OE) proposed by Saks (2006) and the scale on distributive, procedural and interactional justice developed by Niehoff and Moorman (1993). The relationships between justice perceptions and engagement were analysed using correlations and hierarchical regression analysis.Findings– Results show that distributive, procedural and interactional are inter-related with each other. Further, distributive and interactional justice take precedence over procedural justice in determining job engagement, while distributive justice plays the most important role in determining OE, followed by procedural and interactional justice.Practical implications– By highlighting the inter-relationships among the three dimensions of justice, this study offers useful insights into the underlying processes through which job and OE can be improved through these inter-relationships. Findings also highlight the application of concepts like relative deprivation in Indian public sector banks to increase the engagement levels of their employees.Originality/value– This paper adds to the very small number of studies that have investigated the role of interactional justice in enhancing job and OEs. It has also established inter-relationships between the three dimensions of organizational justice and their individual roles in determining job and OEs.
Improving access to adult vaccination: a tool for healthy ageing
Authors: Scrutton Jonathan , Sinclair David , Walker Trinley 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how access to vaccination for older people in the UK can be both improved and used as a tool for healthy ageing.Design/methodology/approach– ILC-UK released a report “Adult Immunisation in the UK”, which applied a UK perspective to a 2013 Supporting Active Ageing Through Immunisation (SAATI) report on immunisation. The ILC report combined the SAATI findings with a traditional literature review, a policy review incorporating grey literature and the outcomes of a focus group discussion. This paper highlights the key findings of the ILC-UK report.Findings– Vaccination needs to be included as part of proactive strategies to promote healthy and active ageing. Initiatives need to be explored that increase the rate of delivery of vaccinations. Barriers to the vaccination of health and social care professionals working with older people need to be removed. The government should explore using psychological insights into human behaviour to improve the take-up of vaccinations amongst adults. The range of settings where older people can receive vaccination needs to be expanded. Information on the potential benefits of immunisation should be made readily available and easily accessible to older people.Practical implications– The paper calls for a structural shift in how vaccination services in the UK are organised.Social implications– The paper calls for a cultural shift in how society views immunisation and the role it has to play in the healthy ageing process.Originality/value– The paper uses new European research on immunisation and applies it to the UK's situation.
A novel TRPS1 mutation in a family with tricho‐rhino‐phalangeal syndrome type 1
Authors: Fujisawa Tomomi , Fukao Toshiyuki , Shimomura Yutaka , Seishima Mariko 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTricho‐rhino‐phalangeal syndrome (TRPS) is an autosomal‐dominant disease characterized by sparse and slow‐growing scalp hair and craniofacial and skeletal abnormalities. We report here the case of two girls and their father who had TRPS type 1 and received a diagnosis of a new mutation of TRPS1 based on their clinical symptoms. Moreover, histological studies on skin samples obtained from one of the patients showed enhanced signal transducers and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 expression in the outer root sheath. However, TRPS1 protein expression was not reduced in the patient's follicles. These findings indicate that truncated TRPS1 protein from the mutant allele may be stably expressed in the patient's follicles and that enhanced STAT3 expression may be involved in the development of sparse and thin scalp hair in TRPS.
Phytoplankton succession affects the composition of Polynucleobacter subtypes in humic lakes
Authors: Paver Sara F. , Youngblut Nicholas D. , Whitaker Rachel J. , Kent Angela D. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryPhytoplankton influence the composition of bacterial communities, but the taxonomic specificity of algal–bacterial interactions is unclear due to the aggregation of ecologically distinct bacterial populations by community characterization methods. Here we examine whether phytoplankton seasonal succession affects the composition of subtypes within the cosmopolitan freshwater bacterial genus Polynucleobacter. Changes in the composition of Polynucleobacter subtypes were characterized in samples collected weekly from May to August in 2003 and 2008 from three humic lakes using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting of the protein‐encoding cytochrome c oxidase ccoN gene. Changes in phytoplankton population abundances explained, on average, 30% of temporal variation in the composition of Polynucleobacter subtypes and the interaction between phytoplankton and the environment explained an additional 18% of temporal variation. The effect of phytoplankton on specific Polynucleobacter subtypes was experimentally confirmed by changes in Polynucleobacter subtype composition following incubation with different phytoplankton assemblages or a no‐phytoplankton control. Phytoplankton‐associated subtypes and differentiation in substrate use among subtypes likely contribute to the effects of phytoplankton on Polynucleobacter subtype composition. Interactions between unique Polynucleobacter populations and phytoplankton highlight the ecological significance and specificity of species interactions in freshwater communities.
Prevalence and associated factors of obstructive sleep apnea in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes in Beijing, China 对中国北京住院2型糖尿病患者的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患病率的调查与相关因素分析
Authors: Zhang Rui , Guo Xiaohui , Guo Lixin , Lu Juming , Zhou Xianghai , Ji Linong 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in China.MethodsPatients with T2DM who were hospitalized in four facilities in Beijing were invited to participate in the study. In all, 337 patients were enrolled consecutively, and 210 (62.3%) completed the study. Data from 472 patients in a non‐consecutive expanding study were analyzed for the association study. A portable monitoring device was used to detect the presence of OSA. The apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) and the lowest level of oxygen saturation during the night were recorded to evaluate the severity of OSA. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for OSA for risk factors.ResultsThe prevalence of OSA was 66.7%. The prevalence of moderate to severe OSA (AHI ≥15/h) was 20.0%. The multi‐adjusted OR (95% confidence interval) estimating OSA corresponding to a 1‐year increase in age was 1.06 (1.04, 1.08), whereas that to a 1‐kg/m2 increase in body mass index (BMI) was 1.18 (1.11, 1.26). The lowest oxygen saturation was associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and cerebral infarction; the multivariate adjusted OR (95% CI) corresponding to a 1% increase in lowest oxygen saturation were 0.95 (0.92, 0.99) and 0.97 (0.94, 0.99), respectively.ConclusionA high prevalence of OSA was observed in this sample of patients with T2DM in China. Age and BMI were associated with the presence of OSA. The lowest oxygen saturation was independently associated with the presence of PDR and cerebral infarction.
Mediating effects of forgiveness and emotion‐focused coping on post‐traumatic stress disorder symptoms caused by physical injury and perceived threat
Authors: Bae Sung‐Man , Hyun Myoung‐Ho , Ra Young‐Sun 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIntroductionThe purpose of this study was to develop and test a model (including cognitive appraisal, coping strategy, and forgiveness variables) predicting post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in 127 adults who were involved in traffic accidents.MethodsParticipants were recruited from the inpatient and outpatient departments of three urban hospitals in South Korea. We utilized the path analysis to identify the best fitting model to our data.ResultsPath analysis showed that the baseline model compared with an alternative model was more appropriate for our data. Our results indicated that the severity of physical injury was directly related to the participants' perceived threat. The perceived threat had direct and indirect effects on PTSD symptoms through forgiveness and emotion‐focused coping strategies. One of the significant findings was that victims' forgiveness of the person at fault for the accident reduced their PTSD symptoms. The severity of physical injury was not related directly to PTSD symptoms.DiscussionOur study demonstrates that victim's forgiveness of the person at fault in a traumatic situation can be useful in helping their recovery after trauma and the forgiveness process may be applied to traffic accident situations as well as other types of interpersonal trauma.
Determination of optimal vitamin D3 dosing regimens in HIV‐infected paediatric patients using a population pharmacokinetic approach
Authors: Foissac Frantz , Meyzer Candice , Frange Pierre , Chappuy Hélène , Benaboud Sihem , Bouazza Naïm , Friedlander Gérard , Souberbielle Jean‐Claude , Urien Saïk , Blanche Stéphane , Tréluyer Jean‐Marc 
Published: June 2014

AimsTo investigate 25‐hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D] population pharmacokinetics in children and adolescents, to establish factors that influence 25(OH)D pharmacokinetics and to assess different vitamin D3 dosing schemes to reach sufficient 25(OH)D concentrations (>30 ng ml−1).MethodsThis monocentric prospective study included 91 young HIV‐infected patients aged 3 to 24 years. Patients received a 100 000 IU vitamin D3 supplementation. A total of 171 25(OH)D concentrations were used to perform a population pharmacokinetic analysis.ResultsAt baseline 28% of patients had 25(OH)D concentrations below 10 ng ml−1, 69% between 10 and 30 ng ml−1 and 3% above 30 ng ml−1. 25(OH)D pharmacokinetics were best described by a one compartment model with an additional production parameter reflecting the input from diet and sun exposure. The effects of skin phototype and bodyweight were significant on 25(OH)D production before any supplementation. The basal level was 27% lower in non‐white skin phototype patients and was slightly decreased with bodyweight. No significant differences in 25(OH)D concentrations were related to antiretroviral drugs. To obtain concentrations between 30 and 80 ng ml−1, patients with baseline concentrations between 10 and 30 ng ml−1 should receive 100 000 IU per 3 months. However, vitamin D deficient patients (<10 ng ml−1) would need an intensive phase of 100 000 IU per 2 weeks (two times) followed 2 weeks later by a maintenance phase of 100 000 IU per 3 months.ConclusionsSkin phototype and bodyweight had an influence on the basal production of 25(OH)D. According to 25(OH)D baseline concentrations, dosing schemes to reach sufficient concentrations are proposed.
Applying an observational lens to identify parental behaviours associated with children's homework motivation
Authors: Pino‐Pasternak Deborah 
Published: June 2014

BackgroundExtant research has traditionally associated children's achievement motivation with socio‐emotional parental behaviours such as demonstrations of affect, responsiveness, and the degree of parental control.AimsThis study explored the extent to which parental socio‐emotional and instructional behaviours (including the contingency of instructional scaffolding) both related to children's mastery and performance tendencies towards homework‐like activities.SampleThe study involved nine underachieving primary‐aged children and their parents, with four children showing predominantly mastery‐oriented behaviours in the homework context and five showing predominantly performance‐oriented behaviours.MethodsAn in‐depth observational analysis of video‐recorded parent–child interactions during four homework‐like sessions was carried out for each case. Socio‐emotional and instructional parental behaviours were coded and subjected to nonparametric quantitative analyses. Subsequently, thick descriptions of parent–child interactions were used to identify critical aspects of parental assistance.ResultsModerate cognitive demand was associated with mastery orientation, while negative affect was related to performance orientation. As revealed quantitatively and qualitatively, socio‐emotional and instructional parental behaviours were also associated with each other, forming distinct profiles of parental behaviours related to children's homework motivation.ConclusionsThe findings support the idea that instructional parental behaviours are as important as socio‐emotional ones in the analysis of children's homework motivation. The value of observational methods in investigating the target variables is discussed.
Incidence of urethral stricture after bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate using TURis: results from a randomised trial
Authors: Komura Kazumasa , Inamoto Teruo , Takai Tomoaki , Uchimoto Taizo , Saito Kenkichi , Tanda Naoki , Minami Koichiro , Oide Rintaro , Uehara Hirofumi , Takahara Kiyoshi , Hirano Hajime , Nomi Hayahito , Kiyama Satoshi , Watsuji Toshikazu , Azuma Haruhito 
Published: June 2014

ObjectivesTo assess whether bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (B‐TURP) using the TURis® system has a similar level of efficacy and safety to that of the traditional monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (M‐TURP), and to evaluate the impact of the TURis system on postoperative urethral stricture rates over a 36‐month follow‐up period.Patients and MethodsA total of 136 patients with benign prostatic obstruction were randomised to undergo either B‐TURP using the TURis system or conventional M‐TURP, and were regularly followed for 36 months after surgery. The primary endpoint was safety, which included the long‐term complication rates of postoperative urethral stricture. The secondary endpoint was the follow‐up measurement of efficacy.ResultsIn peri‐operative findings, no patient in either treatment group presented with transurethral resection syndrome, and the decline in levels of haemoglobin and hematocrit were similar. The mean operation time was significantly extended in the TURis treatment group compared with the M‐TURP group (79.5 vs 68.6 min; P = 0.032) and postoperative clot retention was more likely to be seen after M‐TURP (P = 0.044). Similar efficacy findings were maintained throughout 36 months, but a significant difference in postoperative urethral stricture rates between groups was detected (6.6% in M‐TURP vs 19.0% in TURis; P = 0.022). After stratifying patients according to prostate volume, there was no significant difference between the two treatment groups with regard to urethral stricture rates in patients with a prostate volume ≤ 70 mL (3.8% in M‐TURP vs 3.8% in TURis), but in the TURis group there was a significantly higher urethral stricture rate compared with the M‐TURP group in patients with a prostate volume >70 mL (20% in TURis vs 2.2% in M‐TURP; P = 0.012). Furthermore, the mean operation time for TURis was significantly longer than for M‐TURP for the subgroup of patients with a prostate volume > 70 mL (99.6 vs 77.2 min; P = 0.011), but not for the subgroup of patients with a prostate volume ≤ 70 mL.ConclusionThe TURis system seems to be as efficacious and safe as conventional M‐TURP except that there was a higher incidence of urethral stricture in patients with larger preoperative prostate volumes.
Targeting multiple cannabinoid anti‐tumour pathways with a resorcinol derivative leads to inhibition of advanced stages of breast cancer
Authors: Murase Ryuichi , Kawamura Rumi , Singer Eric , Pakdel Arash , Sarma Pranamee , Judkins Jonathon , Elwakeel Eiman , Dayal Sonali , Martinez‐Martinez Esther , Amere Mukkanti , Gujjar Ramesh , Mahadevan Anu , Desprez Pierre‐Yves , McAllister Sean D 
Published: June 2014

Background and PurposeThe psychoactive cannabinoid Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and the non‐psychoactive cannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) can both reduce cancer progression, each through distinct anti‐tumour pathways. Our goal was to discover a compound that could efficiently target both cannabinoid anti‐tumour pathways.Experimental ApproachTo measure breast cancer cell proliferation/viability and invasion, MTT and Boyden chamber assays were used. Modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis was measured using dichlorodihydrofluorescein and annexin/propidium iodide, respectively, in combination with cell flow cytometry. Changes in protein levels were evaluated using Western analysis. Orthotopic and i.v. mouse models of breast cancer metastasis were used to test the activity of cannabinoids in vivo.Key ResultsCBD reduced breast cancer metastasis in advanced stages of the disease as the direct result of down‐regulating the transcriptional regulator Id1. However, this was associated with moderate increases in survival. We therefore screened for analogues that could co‐target cannabinoid anti‐tumour pathways (CBD‐ and THC‐associated) and discovered the compound O‐1663. This analogue inhibited Id1, produced a marked stimulation of ROS, up‐regulated autophagy and induced apoptosis. Of all the compounds tested, it was the most potent at inhibiting breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion in culture and metastasis in vivo.Conclusions and ImplicationsO‐1663 prolonged survival in advanced stages of breast cancer metastasis. Developing compounds that can simultaneously target multiple cannabinoid anti‐tumour pathways efficiently may provide a novel approach for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer.
Vasorelaxant effects of novel Kv7.4 channel enhancers ML213 and NS15370
Authors: Jepps T A , Bentzen B H , Stott J B , Povstyan O V , Sivaloganathan K , Dalby‐Brown W , Greenwood I A 
Published: June 2014

Background and PurposeThe KCNQ‐encoded voltage‐gated potassium channel family (Kv7.1‐Kv7.5) are established regulators of smooth muscle contractility, where Kv7.4 and Kv7.5 predominate. Various Kv7.2–7.5 channel enhancers have been developed that have been shown to cause a vasorelaxation in both rodent and human blood vessels. Recently, two novel Kv7 channel enhancers have been identified, ML213 and NS15370, that show increased potency, particularly on Kv7.4 channels. The aim of this study was to characterize the effects of these novel enhancers in different rat blood vessels and compare them with Kv7 enhancers (S‐1, BMS204352, retigabine) described previously. We also sought to determine the binding sites of the new Kv7 enhancers.Key ResultsBoth ML213 and NS15370 relaxed segments of rat thoracic aorta, renal artery and mesenteric artery in a concentration‐dependent manner. In the mesenteric artery ML213 and NS15370 displayed EC50s that were far lower than other Kv7 enhancers tested. Current‐clamp experiments revealed that both novel enhancers, at low concentrations, caused significant hyperpolarization in mesenteric artery smooth muscle cells. In addition, we determined that the stimulatory effect of these enhancers relied on a tryptophan residue located in the S5 domain, which is the same binding site for the other Kv7 enhancers tested in this study.Conclusions and ImplicationsThis study has identified and characterized ML213 and NS15370 as potent vasorelaxants in different blood vessels, thereby highlighting these new compounds as potential therapeutics for various smooth muscle disorders.
WHI‐P154 enhances the chemotherapeutic effect of anticancer agents in ABCG2‐overexpressing cells
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhang Yun‐Kai , Wang Yi‐Jun , Kathawala Rishil J. , Patel Atish , Zhu Hua , Sodani Kamlesh , Talele Tanaji T. , Ambudkar Suresh V. , Chen Zhe‐Sheng , Fu Li‐Wu 
Published: June 2014

ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transmembrane proteins evidently decrease the intracellular accumulation of substrate chemotherapeutic drugs by extruding them against a concentration gradient, thereby inducing drug resistance. Here we reported the effect of WHI‐P154, an irreversible inhibitor of Janus kinase 3 and epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases, on reversing ABC transporters‐mediated drug resistance. We found that WHI‐P154 significantly enhanced the sensitivity of ABCG2‐overexpressing cells to its substrates. WHI‐P154 moderately sensitized ABCB1‐overexpressing KB‐C2 cells to its substrates whereas showed no sensitizing effect on ABCC1‐, ABCC2 or ABCC10‐mediated drug resistance. Moreover, WHI‐P154 produced a significant increase in the intracellular accumulation of [³H]‐mitoxantrone in ABCG2‐overexpressing cells. The expression levels nor the localization of the ABCG2 protein was altered after treatment of ABCG2‐overexpressing cells with WHI‐P154. Further studies indicated that WHI‐P154 enhanced the ATPase activity of ABCG2 at low concentrations (<10 μM). Additionally, a docking model predicted the binding conformation of WHI‐P154 within the transmembrane region of homology‐modeled human ABCG2 transporter. Collectively, these findings highlighted WHI‐P154 could significantly reverse ABCG2‐mediated multidrug drug resistance by directly blocking the efflux function.