bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementing electronic health records: implications for HR professionals
Authors: Boswell Robert A. 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThis case study aims to report findings on the implementation of electronic health records (EHR) by a multi‐specialty physician group in the greater south central Pennsylvania area and offers implications for HR professionals.Design/methodology/approachSixteen employees from the physician group participated in a one‐on‐one interview. Interview questions were intended to identify actions that define successful EHR implementation, readiness to take the actions towards successful EHR implementation, pros and cons of EHR implementation, and strategies used for change.FindingsThe findings describe the behaviors, readiness, pros and cons, and strategies involved for HR professionals looking to implement EHR.Research limitations/implicationsThe population of this study was limited to a physician group that is implementing or planning to implement EHR. This population is not representative of all medical offices implementing EHR, nor is it representative of other types of organizations.Practical implicationsFindings suggest that HR professionals should tailor change initiatives involving EHR implementation to employees' readiness in an organization.Originality/valueHuman resource professionals could utilize this case study due to its ability to describe an organization's readiness for EHR implementation and its ability to focus on activities and events that create successful modification of behavior based on readiness to change.
Institutionalizing corporate social responsibility: effects on corporate reputation, culture, and legitimacy in Malaysia
Authors: Abdullah Zulhamri , Abdul Aziz Yuhanis 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop measures of Asian corporate social responsibility (CSR) based on David's dual process model for Malaysian government linked corporations (GLC) and publicly listed companies (PLC).Design/methodology/approachA survey consisting was conducted and a structural equation model was used to test the relationships among constructs. An instrument to measure CSR practices focusing on CSR relational, CSR ethical/moral, and CSR discretionary is developed to evaluate impacts on corporate reputation, culture, and legitimacy.FindingsFindings suggest CSR antecedents emerge through formalization of corporate communication management in Malaysian organizations. The structural model provides evidence that CSR initiatives impact corporate reputation directly. The study acknowledges the increase in CSR initiatives in corporate communication practices in GLCs and PLCs in the quest to gain public legitimacy and corporate governance.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the corporate communication literature by linking CSR to corporate reputation and culture, and developing a CSR model that explores a critical dimension in management of corporate identity in an Asian country.
Age‐related dystrophic changes in corneal endothelium from DNA repair–deficient mice
Authors: Roh Danny S. , Du Yiqin , Gabriele Michelle L. , Robinson Andria R. , Niedernhofer Laura J. , Funderburgh James L. 
Published: August 2013

SummaryThe corneal endothelium (CE) is a single layer of cells lining the posterior face of the cornea providing metabolic functions essential for maintenance of corneal transparency. Adult CE cells lack regenerative potential, and the number of CE cells decreases throughout life. To determine whether endogenous DNA damage contributes to the age‐related spontaneous loss of CE, we characterized CE in Ercc1−/Δ mice, which have impaired capacity to repair DNA damage and age prematurely. Eyes from 4.5‐ to 6‐month‐old Ercc1−/Δ mice, age‐matched wild‐type (WT) littermates, and old WT mice (24‐ to 34‐month‐old) were compared by spectral domain optical coherence tomography and corneal confocal microscopy. Histopathological changes in CE were further identified in paraffin tissue sections, whole‐mount immunostaining, and scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy. The CE of old WT mice displayed polymorphism and polymegathism, polyploidy, decreased cell density, increased cell size, increases in Descemet's thickness, and the presence of posterior projections originating from the CE toward the anterior chamber, similar to changes documented for aging human corneas. Similar changes were observed in young adult Ercc1−/Δ mice CE, demonstrating spontaneous premature aging of the CE of these DNA repair–deficient mice. CD45+ immune cells were associated with the posterior surface of CE from Ercc1−/Δ mice and the tissue expressed increased IL‐1α, Cxcl2, and TNFα, pro‐inflammatory proteins associated with senescence‐associated secretory phenotype. These data provide strong experimental evidence that DNA damage can promote aging of the CE and that Ercc1−/Δ mice offer a rapid and accurate model to study CE pathogenesis and therapy.
Quality of life after surgery in individuals with familial colorectal cancer: does extended surgery have an adverse impact?
Authors: Pollett William G. , Marion Kaye , Moeslein Gabriela , Schneider Claudia , Parry Susan , Veysey Katrina , Bissett Ian P. , Jones Ian , Macrae Finlay 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundThere is controversy regarding the optimum surgical treatment of patients presenting with colorectal cancer with known or suspected genetic cancer syndromes. Although standard segmental resection may be curative, a high risk of metachronous malignancy leads many to advocate extended surgery. The current study was designed to assess whether or not extended surgery adversely impacts quality of life compared to segmental surgery.MethodsRecords at The Royal Melbourne Hospital Family Cancer Clinic were searched in order to identify patients with suspected high risk familial colon cancer. Patients who underwent surgery were identified and mailed two Standardized Quality of Life Questionnaires (EORTC QLQ‐C30 and EORTC QLQ‐CR38).ResultsFifty respondents met the inclusion criteria. None of the 15 patients whose primary operation was an extended procedure developed a metachronous cancer. Seventeen of the 35 (48.67%) who had an initial segmental resection had subsequent surgery for metachronous cancer. At the time of the questionnaire, 27 had extended surgery and 23 had segmental operations. The overall global health status and quality of life was very similar between the two groups.ConlcusionThis study confirms that there is a high rate of metachronous cancer for patients undergoing segmental resection for hereditary colon cancer. Quality of life following either segmental or extended resection is not significantly different. Consequently, it is reasonable to recommend extended surgery for most patients with high risk hereditary colon cancer.
A phase I/II trial of bortezomib combined concurrently with gemcitabine for relapsed or refractory DLBCL and peripheral T‐cell lymphomas
Authors: Evens Andrew M. , Rosen Steven T. , Helenowski Irene , Kline Justin , Larsen Annette , Colvin Jennifer , Winter Jane N. , van Besien Koen M. , Gordon Leo I. , Smith Sonali M. 
Published: August 2013

SummaryThere remains an unmet therapeutic need for patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and peripheral T‐cell lymphoma (PTCL). We conducted a phase I/II trial with bortezomib (dose‐escalated to 1·6 mg/m2) given concurrently with gemcitabine (800 mg/m2) days 1 + 8 q21 d. Of 32 patients, 16 each had relapsed/refractory PTCL and DLBCL. Median prior therapies were 3 and 35% had failed transplant. Among the first 18 patients, 67% experienced grade 3/4 neutropenia and/or grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia resulting in repeated treatment delays (relative dose intensity: 46%). Thus, the study was amended to give bortezomib and gemcitabine days 1 + 15 q28 d, which resulted in markedly improved tolerability. Among all patients, the overall response rate (ORR) was 24% with 19% complete remission (CR; intent‐to‐treat (ITT) ORR 16%, CR 13%), which met criteria for futility. The ORR for DLBCL was 10% (CR 10%) vs. 36% for PTCL (CR 27%). Among 6 PTCL patients treated on the modified schedule, ORR by ITT was 50% (CR 30%). Altogether, concurrent bortezomib/gemcitabine given days 1 + 8 q21 d was not tolerable, while modification to a bi‐monthly schedule allowed consistent treatment delivery. Whereas efficacy of this combination was low in heavily pre‐treated DLBCL, there was a signal of activity in relapsed/refractory PTCL utilizing the modified schedule.
Combination of two anti‐CD5 monoclonal antibodies synergistically induces complement‐dependent cytotoxicity of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells
Authors: Klitgaard Josephine L. , Koefoed Klaus , Geisler Christian , Gadeberg Ole V. , Frank David A. , Petersen Jørgen , Jurlander Jesper , Pedersen Mikkel W. 
Published: August 2013

SummaryThe treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) has been improved by introduction of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that exert their effect through secondary effector mechanisms. CLL cells are characterized by expression of CD5 and CD23 along with CD19 and CD20, hence anti‐CD5 Abs that engage secondary effector functions represent an attractive opportunity for CLL treatment. Here, a repertoire of mAbs against human CD5 was generated and tested for ability to induce complement‐dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody‐dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) both as single mAbs and combinations of two mAbs against non‐overlapping epitopes on human CD5. The results demonstrated that combinations of two mAbs significantly increased the level of CDC compared to the single mAbs, while no enhancement of ADCC was seen with anti‐CD5 mAb combinations. High levels of CDC and ADCC correlated with low levels of Ab‐induced CD5 internalization and degradation. Importantly, an anti‐CD5 mAb combination enhanced CDC of CLL cells when combined with the anti‐CD20 mAbs rituximab and ofatumumab as well as with the anti‐CD52 mAb alemtuzumab. These results suggest that an anti‐CD5 mAb combination inducing CDC and ADCC may be effective alone, in combination with mAbs against other targets or combined with chemotherapy for CLL and other CD5‐expressing haematological or lymphoid malignancies.
Trade Union Approaches towards the ICE Regulations: Defensive Realism or Missed Opportunity?
Authors: Hall Mark , Purcell John , Terry Michael , Hutchinson Sue , Parker Jane 
Published: August 2013

AbstractReflecting debates about whether statutory workforce‐wide consultation arrangements are likely to undermine or underpin trade union representation, unions' approaches towards the UK's Information and Consultation of Employees Regulations 2004 have been ambivalent and their engagement with the legislation limited. Evidence from longitudinal case studies in 25 organizations suggests that the introduction of information and consultation bodies did not have the effect of marginalizing trade union representation and collective bargaining, and in some cases reinforced unions' standing within the organization. The article highlights the implications for union strategies and legislative reform, and suggests a research agenda.
Accounting for National and Sectoral Variance in the Implementation of European Social Partner ‘Soft’ Law: The Cases of the Implementation of the Telework and Work‐Related Stress Agreements
Authors: Prosser Thomas 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThis article investigates the factors that explicate the implementation of European social partner ‘soft’ framework agreements. The implementation of two such agreements, the Telework and Work‐Related Stress Agreements, in four countries and two sectors is investigated. Seven hypotheses, primarily derived from the study of generic European ‘soft’ law, about the factors that explain the implementation of European social partner ‘soft’ law are tested. The article concludes that European social partner ‘soft’ law is distinctive from generic European ‘soft’ law in that its successful implementation is contingent upon the extent the industrial relations system in which it is implemented is centralized and co‐ordinated.
Long‐term visual outcomes in patients with orbitotemporal neurofibromatosis
Authors: Greenwell Timothy H , Anderson Peter J , Madge Simon K , Selva Dinesh , David David J 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe study aimed to review the presentation and long‐term visual outcomes of patients with orbitotemporal neurofibromatosis.DesignRetrospective case series.ParticipantsPatients with orbitotemporal neurofibromatosis presenting from 1981 to 2009.MethodsDemographic data, examination findings, causes of vision impairment and interventions performed were recorded for each patient from presentation through subsequent follow‐up encounters. Visual impairment was defined as an ipsilateral Snellen acuity of <6/12.Main Outcome MeasuresThe proportion of patients with visual impairment or enucleation, the rate of new vision loss during follow up; and causes for vision loss or enucleation.ResultsThirty‐seven patients (17 female) were included. Median presenting age was 15 years (range 2–45) with an average follow up of 7.4 years (range 0.5–20.3). Visual impairment occurred in 54% of patients at presentation. Causes were amblyopia (13 of 37), optic atrophy (4 of 37), previous enucleation/evisceration (2 of 37), and optic nerve glioma (1 of 37). At presentation, 76% of patients had ptosis, and 51% had strabismus. Thirty‐one patients had surgery, with an average of two procedures per patient. At final follow up, 62% had visual impairment. The rate of visual decline was 2% per patient‐years. Causes of visual decline were two patients with optic nerve atrophy, one with exposure keratitis and one whose cause was unknown. Five blind patients had enucleation.ConclusionsThe first series of orbitotemporal neurofibromatosis to focus on visual outcomes was presented. Vision loss is common, with a high prevalence of amblyopia. Close monitoring from an early age is needed to prevent visual impairment.
Optical performance of two new trifocal intraocular lenses: through‐focus modulation transfer function and influence of pupil size
Authors: Ruiz‐Alcocer Javier , Madrid‐Costa David , García‐Lázaro Santiago , Ferrer‐Blasco Teresa , Montés‐Micó Robert 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundTo compare the in vitro optical quality of two new trifocal intraocular lenses at different focal points as a function of pupil size.MethodsTwo intraocular lenses having different design approaches were evaluated: the AT LISA tri 839MP with a trifocal diffractive design, and the FineVision, which combines two distinct apodized bifocal diffractive profiles resulting in three foci. A PMTF optical bench was used to assess the intraocular lenses' performance, and as optical quality metrics, the through‐focus modulation transfer function was selected; that is, it was measured at 10 focal points and for four different apertures (2.0, 3.0, 3.75 and 4.5 mm).ResultsFor both lenses, the through‐focus curve showed three peaks, corresponding to far, intermediate and near focal point. At the 0.0 D focal point, the FineVision yielded better results for larger pupils. At the −1.5 D focal point, both lenses performed worse for larger pupils. At the −3.0 D, the FineVision provided better results for all apertures. However, at the −3.5 D focal point, it was the AT LISA tri 839MP that outperformed the FineVision for larger pupils.ConclusionsThe two trifocal intraocular lenses under analysis have modulation transfer function peaks that correspond to the far, intermediate and near focal points. For larger pupil sizes, the FineVision seems to provide better results at far focal points, while the AT LISA tri 839MP not only provides better results at the intermediate and near focal points, but is also less pupil size‐dependent.
Long‐term outcomes after adjunctive topical 5‐flurouracil or mitomycin C for the treatment of surgically excised, localized ocular surface squamous neoplasia
Authors: Bahrami Bobak , Greenwell Timothy , Muecke James S 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundTo report rates of recurrence and complications of localized ocular surface squamous neoplasia treated with 5‐fluorouracil or mitomycin C as adjunctive treatment to surgical excision.DesignLong‐term follow up of two prospective, non‐comparative interventional case series.ParticipantsOne hundred fifty‐three eyes with histologically confirmed localized, non‐invasive ocular surface squamous neoplasia. 89 eyes were treated with adjuvant 5‐fluorouracil and 64 eyes were treated with adjuvant mitomycin C.MethodsFollowing surgical excision±cryotherapy patients received topical 5‐fluorouracil 1% four times daily for two weeks or topical mitomycin C 0.04% four times daily for two to three 1‐week cycles.Main Outcome MeasuresOcular surface squamous neoplasia recurrence, complications of therapy and compliance.ResultsMedian follow up was 33.6 (range 12–84) months and 57.9 (range 12–160) months in 5‐fluorouracil and mitomycin C groups, respectively. There was one recurrence in the 5‐fluorouracil group and no recurrences in the mitomycin C group. Side‐effects occurred in 69% of 5‐fluorouracil patients and 41% of mitomycin C patients. Five patients (6%) required intervention for treatment‐related side‐effects in the 5‐fluorouracil group versus 11 (17%) in the mitomycin C group. No vision‐threatening complications were noted.ConclusionsLong‐term recurrence of localised ocular surface squamous neoplasia is rare when topical 5‐fluorouracil or mitomycin C are used as adjunctive treatment to surgical excision. While side‐effects are common, the majority are transient and rarely limit compliance.
A founder mutation in COL4A3 causes autosomal recessive Alport syndrome in the Ashkenazi Jewish population
Authors: Webb B.D. , Brandt T. , Liu L. , Jalas C. , Liao J. , Fedick A. , Linderman M.D. , Diaz G.A. , Kornreich R. , Trachtman H. , Mehta L. , Edelmann L. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAlport syndrome is an inherited progressive nephropathy arising from mutations in the type IV collagen genes, COL4A3, COL4A4, and COL4A5. Symptoms also include sensorineural hearing loss and ocular lesions. We determined the molecular basis of Alport syndrome in a non‐consanguineous Ashkenazi Jewish family with multiple affected females using linkage analysis and next generation sequencing. We identified a homozygous COL4A3 mutation, c.40_63del, in affected individuals with mutant alleles inherited from each parent on partially conserved haplotypes. Large‐scale population screening of 2017 unrelated Ashkenazi Jewish samples revealed a carrier frequency of 1 in 183 indicating that COL4A3 c.40_63del is a founder mutation which may be a common cause of Alport syndrome in this population. Additionally, we determined that heterozygous mutation carriers in this family do not meet criteria for a diagnosis of Thin Basement Membrane Nephropathy and concluded that carriers of c.40_63del are not likely to develop benign familial hematuria.
Flexible sigmoidoscopy following a positive faecal occult blood test within a bowel screening programme may reduce the detection of neoplasia
Authors: Mansouri D. , McMillan D. C. , Roxburgh C. S. D. , Moug S. J. , Crighton E. M. , Horgan P. G. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAimColorectal cancer screening using the faecal occult blood test (FOBt) detects a disproportionate number of left‐sided tumours. This study aims to examine the theoretical impact on neoplasia detection rates of a sigmoidoscopy‐first protocol in FOBt‐positive patients undergoing colonoscopy.MethodFrom retrieved endoscopy/pathology reports, pathology up to and including the splenic flexure was assumed detectable by sigmoidoscopy. High‐risk polyps prompting subsequent colonoscopy were classed as three or more polyps, one polyp of ≥ 1 cm, villous or tubulovillous components or the presence of high‐grade dysplasia.ResultsBetween April 2009 and April 2011, 4631 patients underwent colonoscopy as a result of a positive FOBt in Greater Glasgow and Clyde. Cancer was detected in 398 (9%) and adenomas were detected in 1985 (47%) of which 1323 (67%) were deemed significant according to British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines. Applying the flexible sigmoidoscopy‐first model, cancer would have been detected in 329 (8%) patients and adenomas in 1640 (39%), of which 1140 (70%) would have been significant. In total, 1546 (37%) patients would have required subsequent colonoscopy, following which 21 patients would have a new diagnosis of cancer. The positive predictive values (PPVs) for neoplasia (47 vs 57%, P < 0.001), significant neoplasia (35 vs 41%, P < 0.001) and cancer (8 vs 9%, P = 0.007) were all lower in the sigmoidoscopy‐first model.ConclusionA significant reduction in the detection of both adenomas and cancers would be seen if the sigmoidoscopy‐first protocol were to be used following a positive FOBt. Furthermore, a significant proportion of patients would be subjected to two procedures, with considerable implications for both the patient and cost.
A Ranking‐Theoretic Approach to Conditionals
Authors: Spohn Wolfgang 
Published: August 2013

AbstractConditionals somehow express conditional beliefs. However, conditional belief is a bi‐propositional attitude that is generally not truth‐evaluable, in contrast to unconditional belief. Therefore, this article opts for an expressivistic semantics for conditionals, grounds this semantics in the arguably most adequate account of conditional belief, that is, ranking theory, and dismisses probability theory for that purpose, because probabilities cannot represent belief. Various expressive options are then explained in terms of ranking theory, with the intention to set out a general interpretive scheme that is able to account for the most variegated usage of conditionals. The Ramsey test is only the first option. Relevance is another, familiar, but little understood item, which comes in several versions. This article adds a further family of expressive options, which is able to subsume also counterfactuals and causal conditionals, and indicates at the end how this family allows for partial recovery of truth conditions for conditionals.
Analysis of hematogones in bone marrow from acute myeloid leukaemia cases posttherapy
Authors: Zheng Jine , Du Wen , Yao Junxia , You Yong , Li Weiming , He Yanli , Li Xiaoqing , Liu Wei , Wu Yaohui , Hu Yanjie , Jin Runming , Zou Ping , Huang Shiang , Hu Yu , Zhang Min 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundIncreased bone marrow (BM) hematogones (HGs) are often observed in patients with marrow regenerating status. Many studies have focused on the role of HGs in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), but very little has been done to understand their effects on acute myeloid leukaemia (AML).Materials and methodsThrough immunophenotyping, HGs were quantified in 471 BM samples from 292 postchemotherapy AML cases. These samples were analysed to determine whether there is any relationship between HGs percentages and French–American–British (FAB) subtypes or risk stratification of AML.ResultsHGs were identified in 57.75% of 471 patient samples (271) with a mean percentage of 3.87 ± 0.25%. No significant differences were found amongst different FAB subtypes of AML (P > 0.05). However, significant differences (P < 0.05) in HG numbers were noted between AML patients experiencing haematological complete remission (HCR) and those who have relapsed. HGs were identified in 59.9% of samples under HCR with a mean per cent of 3.98 ± 0.31%, and 36.7% of individuals who have relapsed have detectable HGs with a mean per cent of 1.75 ± 0.47. In addition, HGs in patients groups with low risk or intermediate risk were elevated when compared with high‐risk groups (P < 0.05), whilst no significant difference was found between low‐risk patients and intermediate‐risk patients (P > 0.05). Patients with >0.1% of HGs had a significantly better median leukaemia‐free survival (LFS) and overall survival (OS) than those with <0.1% of HGs (P < 0.01).ConclusionsTherefore, our data indicate that HGs in bone marrow may be used as a favourable prognostic factor that predict for a better outcome of AML patients.