bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A fluid dynamics perspective on the interpretation of the surface thermal signal of lava flows
Authors: Garel F. , Kaminski É. , Tait S. , Limare A. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Effusion rate is a crucial parameter for the prediction of lava-flow advance and should be assessed in near real-time in order to better manage a volcanic crisis. Thermal remote sensing offers the most promising avenue to attain this goal. We present here a ‘dynamic’ thermal proxy based on laboratory experiments and on the physical framework of viscous gravity currents, which can be used to estimate the effusion rate from thermal remote sensing during an eruption. This proxy reproduces the first-order relationship between effusion rate measured in the field and associated powers radiated by basaltic lava flows. Laboratory experiments involving fluids with complex rheology and subject to solidification give additional insights into the dynamics of lava flows. The introduction of a time evolution of the supply rates during the experiments gives rise to a transient adjustment of the surface thermal signal that further compromises the simple proportionality between the thermal flux and the effusion rate. Based on the experimental results, we conclude that a thermal proxy can only yield a minimum and time-averaged estimate of the effusion rate.
Comparisons of Hospitalization Rates Among Younger Atrial Fibrillation Patients Receiving Different Antiarrhythmic Drugs
Authors: Allen LaPointe Nancy M. , Dai David , Thomas Laine , Piccini Jonathan P. , Peterson Eric D. , Al-Khatib Sana M. 
Published: May 2015

Background—
Antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) are used to reduce the frequency, severity, and duration of atrial fibrillation (AF) events, which should reduce hospitalizations; however, little is known about the associations between different AADs and hospitalization—particularly among younger AF patients without structural heart disease.

Methods and Results—
Using MarketScan® claims data, we identified AF patients without coronary artery disease or heart failure who received their first AAD prescription (amiodarone, sotalol, dronedarone, or Class Ic) within 14 days post-first AF encounter. The primary outcome was time from first AAD prescription to AF hospitalization, and secondary outcomes included time to cardiovascular and all-cause hospitalizations. We used inverse probability-weighted estimators to adjust for differences in treatment allocation in the Cox proportional hazards model for each outcome. Among 8562 AF patients with a median age of 56 years (interquartile range 49, 61), risk of AF hospitalization was greater with dronedarone than Class Ic (hazard ratio [HR] 1.59; 95% confidence interval 1.13–2.24), amiodarone (HR 2.63; 1.77–3.89), and sotalol (HR 1.72; 1.17–2.54), but lower with amiodarone versus Class Ic (HR 0.68; 0.57–0.80) and sotalol (HR 0.63; 0.53–0.75). Risk of cardiovascular hospitalization was lower with amiodarone than Class Ic (HR 0.80; 0.70–0.92), but not non-AF cardiovascular hospitalization (HR 1.26; 1.01–1.57). There was no difference in all-cause hospitalization between amiodarone, Class Ic, and sotalol.

Conclusions—
Differences in hospitalization rates were found between AADs in younger AF patients without structural heart disease. Amiodarone had the lowest risk of AF hospitalization and dronedarone had the greatest risk. Additional research is needed to better understand associations between AADs and hospitalization risk.
Fiesco's Conspiracy at Genoa
Authors: Schiller Friedrich 
Published: May 2015

Within two years of the success of his first play Die Räuber on the German stage in 1781, Schiller wrote a drama based on a rebellion in sixteenth century Italy, its title: The Conspiracy of Fiesco at Genoa. A Republican Tragedy. At the head of the conspiracy stood Gian Luigi de’ Fieschi (1524–1547), Schiller’s Count Fiesco, a clever, courageous and charismatic figure, an epicurean and unhesitant egoist, politically ambitious, but unsure of his aims and principles. He is one of Schiller’s mysterious, protean characters who secures both our admiration and disgust. With Fiesco as tragic hero Schiller examines the complex entanglement of morality and politics in his own times that was to preoccupy him throughout his career.
The play was a moderate success when performed in Mannheim in 1784; it was more popular in Berlin where, during Schiller’s lifetime, it was performed many times in a version by Carl Plümicke, which however radically altered the play’s meaning. There have been some noteworthy productions on the German stage and television, even if it has remained somewhat in the shadow of Schiller’ other works. In the English-speaking world it is all but unknown and very seldom performed. This translation aims to remedy that oversight.
Quality of life and clinical characteristics in a nonselected sample of patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Medici Clara R , Vestergaard Claus H , Hjorth Peter , Hansen Mette V , Shanmuganathan Jan WD , Viuff Anne G , Munk-Jørgensen Povl 
Published: May 2015

Background: Patients with schizophrenia experience low quality of life (QOL). Aims: To examine QOL in these patients and the relation between QOL and illness duration, adjusted daily doses (ADDs) of antipsychotics, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and smoking. Methods: In this naturalistic, cross-sectional study, 82 patients were interviewed about smoking habits. Patients completed a QOL questionnaire (World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref) consisting of physical, psychological, social and environmental domains and had height, weight and waist circumference measured. The characteristics and QOL were correlated using multiple regression analysis. Results: QOL was significantly lower in the patients than in the general population ( p < .01). In first-ever diagnosed patients, QOL was associated with BMI (regression coefficient (RC): physical −0.73, psychological −1.44 and environmental −0.55; all p < .05), ADD (RC: physical 3.71, psychological 4.37 and environmental 2.94; all p < .10) and smoking (RC: physical −0.69; p < .01). In the long-term ill patients, QOL was associated with BMI (RC: physical −1.19 and psychological −1.28; all p < .05) and illness duration (RC: physical 1.38; p < .05). Conclusion: Patients experienced low QOL. Lower QOL was associated with high BMI, low ADD and smoking in first-ever diagnosed patients and with high BMI and short illness duration in long-term ill patients.
Extracorporeal life support for massive pulmonary embolism during pregnancy
Authors: Bataillard A , Hebrard A , Gaide-Chevronnay L , Casez M , Dessertaine G , Durand M , Chavanon O , Albaladejo P 
Published: May 2015

Massive pulmonary embolism is a leading cause of death during pregnancy. While the prevention of thromboembolic disease during the peripartum period is codified, there is no consensus regarding its treatment. We report two cases of pregnant women who had massive pulmonary embolisms (PE) and shock treated with veno-arterial extracorporeal life support (ECLS) and heparin therapy. Haemodynamic and oxygenation parameters were rapidly restored. The patients completely recovered and the pregnancies continued. The patients did not develop pulmonary hypertension. ECLS can be considered as a successful treatment option of massive pulmonary embolism during pregnancy.
International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition beta-based field testing of vestibular migraine in China: Demographic, clinical characteristics, audiometric findings and diagnosis statues
Authors: Zhang Yixin , Kong Qingtao , Chen Jinjin , Li Lunxi , Wang Dayan , Zhou Jiying 
Published: May 2015

Objectives This study explored the clinical characteristics of vestibular migraine in Chinese subjects and performed a field test of the criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition beta version. Methods Consecutive patients with vestibular migraine were surveyed and registered in a headache clinic during the study period. The diagnosis of vestibular migraine was made according to International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition beta version. Assessments included standardized neuro-otology bedside examination, pure-tone audiogram, bithermal caloric testing, neurological imaging, cervical X-ray or magnetic resonance imaging, Doppler ultrasound of cerebral arteries and laboratory tests. Results A total of 67 patients (62 female/five male, 47.8 ± 10.3 years old) were enrolled in this study. The mean ages of migraine and vertigo onset were 32.2 ± 11.5 and 37.9 ± 10.1 years, respectively. The most common migraine subtype was migraine without aura (79%), followed by migraine with aura (12%) and chronic migraine (9%). The duration of vertigo attacks varied from seconds to days and 25% of patients had attacks that lasted less than 5 minutes. Among the patients with short-lasting attacks, 75% of these patients had ≥5 attacks per day within 72 hours. Auditory symptoms were reported in 36% of the patients. Migraine prophylactic treatments were effective in 77% of the patients. Conclusions Our study showed that the clinical features of vestibular migraine in China were similar to those of Western studies. The definition of vertigo episodes and migraine subtypes of vestibular migraine in International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition beta version might be modified further. More than five vertigo attacks per day within 72 hours might be helpful as far as identifying vestibular migraine patients with short-lasting attacks.
Transcardiac Endograft Delivery for Endovascular Treatment of the Ascending Aorta
Authors: Wipper Sabine , Lohrenz Christina , Ahlbrecht Oliver , Carpenter Sebastian W. , Tsilimparis Nikolaos , Kersten Jan Felix , Detter Christian , Debus Eike S. , Kölbel Tilo 
Published: May 2015

Purpose: To compare the technical feasibility and hemodynamic alterations during antegrade transcardiac access routes vs conventional transfemoral access (TFA) for endovascular treatment of the ascending aorta in a porcine model. Methods: Antegrade transseptal access (TSA), transapical access (TAA), and TFA were used for implantation of custom-made endografts into the ascending aorta under fluoroscopy (6 pigs each). Hemodynamic parameters, myocardial and cerebral blood flow, and carotid artery blood flow were evaluated during baseline (T1), sheath advancement (T2), after sheath retraction (T3), and after endograft deployment (T4). Results: Endograft deployment was feasible in all animals; all coronary arteries remained patent. Hemodynamic parameters were comparable in all 3 study groups during all measurements. During T2, transient hemodynamic alteration occurred in all groups, with transient severe valve insufficiency in TSA and TAA reflected by the higher pulmonary to mean arterial pressure ratio (p<0.05) as compared with TFA. Values stabilized again at T3 and remained stable until T4. The innominate artery was partially occluded in 4 (TSA), 3 (TAA), and 5 (TFA) animals. There was no deterioration of myocardial or cerebral perfusion during the procedures. Endograft deployment and fluoroscopy times during TAA were shorter than in TSA and TFA. Conclusions: TSA, TFA, and TAA to the ascending aorta are feasible for endograft delivery to the ascending aorta in a porcine model. Transient hemodynamic instability in TSA and TAA recovered to near preoperative values. TAA appeared technically easier.
Chest X-ray interpretation in UK intensive care units: A survey 2014
Authors: Spiritoso Rosalba , Padley Simon , Singh Suveer 
Published: May 2015

Purpose This survey investigated current practice in intensive care unit radiology reporting using a survey tool. We ascertained physician attitudes regarding best practice. Methods A national survey was sent by email to a sample of intensive care units throughout UK between March and October 2014. The questionnaire determined current practice in reporting chest X-ray in intensive care units. It also identified differences between ‘routine’ and emergency and out-of-hours service. Further, it investigated how reports were documented and physician preferences for perceived best practice. Results Of 146 intensive care units contacted, 55% completed the survey. Of the sample, radiologists were solely responsible for chest X-ray reporting in 43.7%, intensive care unit clinicians in 33.7% and joint reporting in 25% of intensive care units. The reporting clinician on intensive care unit was a consultant in 67% of the centres. Written reports by radiologists were provided in 71.7% of cases. This was only 54.5% when intensive care unit clinicians reported chest X-rays. For all routine and emergency films, written reports by radiologists occurred in 63.1% of responders. Out-of-hours, 54.9% of clinicians described different reporting practice to normal hours. Regarding perceived best practice, 64.8% of clinicians preferred joint daily reporting, whilst 27% preferred a radiologist’s formal report. For emergencies, 55.2% of the survey recipients preferred a joint report. Conclusion Based on this cohort of UK intensive care units, at present, there appears to be a lack of a standardised system for image reporting. There are discrepancies in who reports chest X-rays, written documentation and the timing of reports, more so out-of-hours. Clinicians suggest that joint reporting should be the standard.
Use of a Combined Blood-Glucose- and ß-Ketone-Measuring Device Improves Glycemic Control in Insulin-Treated Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Ziegler Ralph , Eichholz Rudolf , Schulz Birgit 
Published: May 2015

Background: Using self-measurements of blood glucose (SMBG) is daily routine for patients with insulin-treated diabetes, however measuring ß-ketones in blood is not widespread. How the use of a combined device, which can measure both, is accepted in daily routine by patients and will lead to better glycemic control is not well studied. Methods: This multicenter, prospective, noninterventional study assessed the impact of routine use of the GlucoMen® LX Plus on patient acceptance, usage and glycemic control among insulin-treated patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2. A1c and self-reported frequency of SMBG were evaluated at baseline and also postprandial SMBG, ß-ketone measurements, and use of reminders after 3 and 6 months of use. A total of 631 patients, 254 type 1/350 type 2 (27 no type specified), with mean (SD) baseline A1c 8.5% (1.5), age 54.6 (15.6) years, and 47.3% female were studied. Results: Frequent use of SMBG at baseline led to a higher decrease in A1c at 6 month (V3): –0.3% if SMBG measured up to 1/day versus −0.9% in 4-6/day. Increase of SMBG frequency during the study showed also a negative correlation to A1c, 9.2% at V1 versus 7.6% at V3. Postprandial SMBG was done by 77.7% and ß-ketone measurements by 45.5% of all patients; the reminders were used by 33.4% and led to an increased frequency of SMBG at 6 months. Conclusions: A combined device for SMBG and ß-ketone measurements is well accepted by patients with insulin-treated diabetes and can lead through the avoidance or detection of ketoacidosis/increased frequency of SMBG and increased awareness of the patients to an improved glycemic outcome.
Correlative imaging of cystic lymphangiomas: ultrasound, CT and MRI comparison
Authors: Romeo Valeria , Maurea Simone , Mainenti Pier Paolo , Camera Luigi , Aprea Giovanni , Cozzolino Immacolata , Salvatore Marco 
Published: May 2015

Background Cystic lymphangioma is a rare benign lesion derived from the detachment of the lymph sacs from venous drainage systems; the treatment of choice is a surgical excision and the final diagnosis is of histological type. Purpose To compare the results of ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with cystic lymphangioma to clearly evaluate the anatomic as well as the structural lesion features necessary for differential diagnosis and for the patient treatment planning. Material and Methods We analyzed the imaging results of six patients admitted in our department to evaluate cyst-like tumor masses clinically palpable or detected by US. All the patients underwent US, CT, and MRI. The pathology reports demonstrated a mesenterial cystic lymphangioma in five cases underwent surgical resection and in the last case a chest cystic lymphangioma underwent a fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). Results In all the cases, the results of US, CT, and MRI were concordant showing cyst-like tumor masses in the abdomen ( n = 5) and chest ( n = 1) ranging in size from 3.5 to 15 cm. Conclusion According to our experience, we suggest that the appropriate diagnostic imaging protocol in patients with cystic lymphangioma should initially include the US study and followed by a MRI scan with contrast administration. CT should be avoided because of radiation exposure. US and MRI may also be useful in the follow-up of patients who refuse surgical resection or in whom surgery is contraindicated or postponed as well as to early detect a possible disease relapse.
International phase 3 study of azacitidine vs conventional care regimens in older patients with newly diagnosed AML with >30% blasts
Authors: Dombret Hervé , Seymour John F. , Butrym Aleksandra , Wierzbowska Agnieszka , Selleslag Dominik , Jang Jun Ho , Kumar Rajat , Cavenagh James , Schuh Andre C. , Candoni Anna , Récher Christian , Sandhu Irwindeep , Bernal del Castillo Teresa , Al-Ali Haifa Kathrin , Martinelli Giovanni , Falantes Jose , Noppeney Richard , Stone Richard M. , Minden Mark D. , McIntyre Heidi , Songer Steve , Lucy Lela M. , Beach C. L. , Döhner Hartmut 
Published: May 2015

Key PointsAzacitidine increased median overall survival by 3.8 months vs current commonly used AML treatments (10.4 vs 6.5 months; P = .1009). Azacitidine safety in patients age ≥65 years with AML (>30% blasts) was consistent with its known safety profile in other trials.
Genome-wide analysis links NFATC2 with asparaginase hypersensitivity
Authors: Fernandez Christian A. , Smith Colton , Yang Wenjian , Mullighan Charles G. , Qu Chunxu , Larsen Eric , Bowman W. Paul , Liu Chengcheng , Ramsey Laura B. , Chang Tamara , Karol Seth E. , Loh Mignon L. , Raetz Elizabeth A. , Winick Naomi J. , Hunger Stephen P. , Carroll William L. , Jeha Sima , Pui Ching-Hon , Evans William E. , Devidas Meenakshi , Relling Mary V. 
Published: May 2015

Key Points
The rs6021191 variant in NFATC2 is associated with an increased risk of asparaginase hypersensitivity and is an expression quantitative trait locus associated with expression of NFATC2. Exome interrogation confirms the importance of the HLA-DRB1*07:01 allele in asparaginase hypersensitivity.
Predictors of anemia in a multi-ethnic chronic kidney disease population: a case–control study
Authors: Lau Bing Chang Vincent , Ong Kheng Yong , Yap Chun Wei , Vathsala Anantharaman , How Priscilla 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Anemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, risk factors of anemia in CKD patients in Singapore are not well established. Hence, a retrospective, case–control study involving non-dialysis CKD patients was conducted to determine possible predictors of anemia in the local CKD population.
Non-dialysis adult CKD patients, not receiving renal replacement therapy or erythropoiesis-stimulating-agents were included. Parameters collected included demographics e.g. age, sex and race; clinical data e.g. CKD stage and medical/medication histories; and laboratory data e.g. serum electrolytes, urinary and hematologic parameters. Patients were classified as anemic or non-anemic using a threshold hemoglobin level of 10 g/dL. The parameters were evaluated for their predictive value for anemia development using multivariate logistical regression and calculation of odds ratios. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA.
A total of 457 patients (162 anemic and 295 non-anemic) were analysed. Multivariate analysis showed that probability of developing anemia was greater for patients with stage 5 CKD (OR 16.76, p < 0.001), with hematological disorders (OR 18.61, p < 0.001) and with respiratory disorders (OR 4.54, p = 0.004). The probability of developing anemia was lower for patients with higher previous hemoglobin concentration (OR 0.32, p < 0.001) and in those receiving iron supplements (OR 0.44, p = 0.031). Gender and race were not found to be significant predictors of anemia.
Risk of anemia is increased in patients with advanced CKD, haematological disorders, respiratory disorders, and those not taking iron supplements. This study has increased our understanding of the patient subgroups at risk for anemia.
The analysis of professional competencies of a lecturer in adult education
Authors: Žeravíková Iveta , Tirpáková Anna , Markechová Dagmar 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In this article, we present the andragogical research project and evaluation of its results using nonparametric statistical methods and the semantic differential method. The presented research was realized in the years 2012–2013 in the dissertation of I. Žeravíková: Analysis of professional competencies of lecturer and creating his competence profile (Žeravíková 2013), and its purpose was based on the analysis of work activities of a lecturer to identify his most important professional competencies and to create a suggestion of competence profile of a lecturer in adult education.
Efficacy of Prophylactic Low–Molecular Weight Heparin for Ambulatory Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: Outcomes From the CONKO-004 Trial
Authors: Pelzer Uwe , Opitz Bernhard , Deutschinoff Gerd , Stauch Martina , Reitzig Peter C. , Hahnfeld Sabine , Müller Lothar , Grunewald Martina , Stieler Jens M. , Sinn Marianne , Denecke Timm , Bischoff Sven , Oettle Helmut , Dörken Bernd , Riess Hanno 
Published: May 2015

Purpose Advanced pancreatic cancer (APC), in addition to its high mortality, accounts for the highest rates of venous thromboembolic events (VTEs). Enoxaparin, a low–molecular weight heparin, is effective in prevention and treatment of VTEs. Some small studies have indicated that this benefit might extend to patients with cancer. Patients and Methods Patients with histologically proven APC were randomly assigned to ambulant first-line chemotherapy and prophylactic use of enoxaparin or chemotherapy alone to investigate the probable reduction in symptomatic VTEs and the impact on survival. Results A total of 312 patients were recruited as one of the protocol end points was reached. Within the first 3 months, the numbers of symptomatic VTEs were as follows: 15 of 152 patients in the observation group and two of 160 patients in the enoxaparin group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.12; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.52; χ2 P = .001). The numbers of major bleeding events were as follows: five of 152 patients in the observation arm and seven of 160 patients in the enoxaparin arm (HR, 1.4; 95% CI, 0.35 to 3.72; χ2 P = 1.0). Overall cumulative incidence rates of symptomatic VTEs were 15.1% (observation) and 6.4% (enoxaparin; HR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.19 to 0.83; P = .01). Progression-free (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.32; P = .64) and overall survival (HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.87 to 1.38; P = .44) did not differ between groups. Conclusion This study demonstrates the high efficacy and feasibility of primary pharmacologic prevention of symptomatic VTEs in outpatients with APC. Treatment efficacy was not affected by simultaneous treatment with enoxaparin in this trial setting.