bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First Report of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Causing Sclerotinia Blight on Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) in Northeastern China
Authors: Yan L. Y. , Kang Y. P. , Lei Y. , Huang J. Q. , Wan L. Y. , Liao B. S. 
Published: August 2013

Peanut, Arachis hypogaea L., is an important source of vegetable oil and protein in China with a planting area of 5 million ha and annual production of 16.2 million metric tons. In September of 2012, typical symptoms of Sclerotinia blight were first observed on peanut in Shuangcheng, Heilongjiang Province, China. Approximately 50% of the plants in a field were infected. Symptoms began as a chlorotic wilt on the foliage and developed into necrosis of basal stems and developed very quickly in the field. In advanced stages of the disease, stems and branches became bleached and eventually died. White, fluffy mycelium and black irregular sclerotia (3.5 to 5.4 mm diameter) were observed on the infected stems. Infected branches and pegs were shredded, and most pods dropped on the soil during harvest. To isolate the causal agent of the disease, sclerotia were collected from the field. Twenty sclerotia were surface disinfected in 1% NaOCl for 3 min, rinsed three times with sterile water, placed on potato sucrose agar (PSA) with 100 μg/ml streptomycin, and then incubated at 22°C in the dark for 10 days. Fungal DNA was extracted from mycelia with a TIANGEN DNAsecure Plant Kit (Beijing) and amplified by PCR with the universal fungal primer ITS1 and ITS4. PCR products of five replicates were sequenced and subjected to an NCBI BLAST search. The BLAST search revealed that our sequences (GenBank Accession No. KC935388) had 100% identity with reported sequences of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The isolates were identified as S. sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary based on mycelia, sclerotia, and rDNA sequence analysis. To conduct pathogenicity tests, nine potted peanut plants (1 month old) were each inoculated with a 5-mm-diameter disk of colonized PSA by placing the inoculum on the base of the stem. Plants were inoculated with a plug of non-colonized PSA as controls. All inoculated plants were covered with a plastic bag for 5 days to maintain high humidity and incubated at 22 to 24°C in the growth chamber with a 12-h photoperiod. After 2 days, the inoculated plants showed water-soaked brown symptoms on the stem base and whole plants wilted after 5 days under high moisture conditions. The symptoms were identical to those observed on peanut plants in Shuangcheng, Heilongjiang Province, whereas the control plants remained symptom-free. Re-isolation of the fungus from the inoculated plants confirmed that the causal agent was S. sclerotiorum. S. sclerotiorum has been reported on peanut in the United States and Argentina (1,2,3). To our knowledge, this is the first report of S. sclerotiorum as a pathogen causing Sclerotinia blight on peanut in northeastern China. References: (1) A. Marinelli et al. Int. J. Pest Manage. 44:251, 1998. (2) J. E. Woodward et al. Plant Dis. 90:111, 2006. (3) J. E. Woodward et al. Plant Dis. 92:1468, 2008.
Ileal Exclusion in Children With Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis
Authors: Jankowska Irena , Czubkowski Piotr , Kaliciński Piotr , Ismail Hor , Kowalski Adam , Ryżko Józef , Pawłowska Joanna 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTObjectives:Children with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) rarely benefit from medical treatment and most patients require surgical intervention. Partial external biliary diversion (PEBD) is presently the treatment of choice but for those who cannot benefit from PEBD, an alternative surgical procedure—ileal exclusion (IE)—was introduced. The aim of this study was to analyze our experience with IE in children with PFIC.Methods:This procedure was performed in 9 patients (6 girls, 3 boys) at the median age of 11 years (range 8–21). In 4 children, it was the primary operation (group 1), and in 5, IE was performed after PEBD (group 2). All of the patients were screened for ABCB11 and ATP8B1 mutations, and in 3 cases, PFIC type 2 was confirmed.Results:Median follow‐up after IE surgery was 8.5 years (range 3–14). In group 1, 1 patient had to be converted to PEBD and the remaining 3 children experienced alleviation in pruritus and decrease in bilirubin and bile acids concentrations 2 and 5 years after IE. After 10 years, only 2 children were still accessible for follow‐up. In both, pruritus varied and elevated serum bile acids were observed. Of the 5 patients who underwent IE after PEBD, 1 eventually required liver transplantation, 1 developed varying degree of pruritus, and 3 female patients, operated on because of aesthetic reasons, had excellent outcomes.Conclusions:IE is an alternative rescue option to PEBD and should be offered cautiously, only to patients who cannot benefit from PEBD.
Symmetry and reduction in collectives: cyclic pursuit strategies
Authors: Galloway Kevin S. , Justh Eric W. , Krishnaprasad P. S. 
Published: August 2013

We specify and analyse models that capture the geometry of purposeful motion of a collective of mobile agents, with a focus on planar motion, dyadic strategies and attention graphs which are static, directed and cyclic. Strategies are formulated as constraints on joint shape space and are implemented through feedback laws for the actions of individual agents, here modelled as self-steering particles. By reduction to a labelled shape space (using a redundant parametrization to account for cycle closure constraints) and a further reduction through time rescaling, we characterize various special solutions (relative equilibria and pure shape equilibria) for cyclic pursuit with a constant bearing (CB) strategy. This is accomplished by first proving convergence of the (nonlinear) dynamics to an invariant manifold (the CB pursuit manifold), and then analysing the closed-loop dynamics restricted to the invariant manifold. For illustration, we sketch some low-dimensional examples. This formulation—involving strategies, attention graphs and sensor-driven steering laws—and the resulting templates of collective motion, are part of a broader programme to interpret the mechanisms underlying biological collective motion.
Good libraries are expensive libraries?
Authors: Cottrell Terry 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe ideas surrounding which institutional attributes make for good libraries vary radically based on patron review, professional association rankings, size of overall collections, and other measures. The purpose of this article is to provide insight into argumentation for establishing how libraries gain the compliment of “good” in an increasingly digital age.Design/methodology/approachAn analysis of the general effect digital content available on the internet has on the mind of the consumer frames the debate on how libraries can be seen as both relevant and good for their communities despite being expensive.FindingsLibrary leaders always need to advocate for their services and collections, but it is only through true reflective discourse with key stakeholders and governing bodies that enlightenment on the key advantages of libraries can be found.Originality/valueLibrary popularity and use rises and falls solely based on the conscious user evaluation of collections and services. Focusing this consciousness away from the myth that all material of worth is digital and available online is the key to helping users and governing bodies understand that investments in library infrastructure, technology and (most importantly) raw collections is what makes libraries good for all.
The effects of social support and transformational leadership on expatriate adjustment and performance
Authors: Lee Li‐Yueh , Veasna Sou , Wu Wann‐Yih 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThis study aims to examine the significance of transformational leadership and social support for expatriate adjustment and performance. This study also extends relevant literature on expatriate management to examine the relationships among transformational leadership, social support, expatriate adjustment, and expatriate performance through a mechanism taking into account the moderating roles of cultural intelligence and socialization experience.Design/methodology/approachThe sample was collected from 156 expatriate managers of Taiwanese multinational company (MNC) subsidiaries operating in China. Structural equation modeling (SEM) in AMOS 21 and hierarchical regression in SPSS 19 were used to test eight research hypotheses.FindingsThe SEM results indicated that transformational leadership and social support make significant contributions to expatriate adjustment and performance. The moderating roles of socialization experience and cultural intelligence were also confirmed in this study.Originality/valueThis study extends a theoretical model of transformational leadership and social support to examine expatriate adjustment and performance based on social learning and social exchange theories. Using a specific Chinese context, the current paper highlights the value and necessity of cross‐cultural adjustment for successful expatriation.
Literacy software supports the development and performance of staff with dyslexia: a case study from Transport for London
Authors: McCusker Mark 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss how literary software can help employees with literacy difficulties such as dyslexia achieve their full potential in the workplace.Design/methodology/approachThe paper highlights a case study on how Transport for London installed a site license to help employees with literacy difficulties.FindingsThe software helped employees with literacy difficulties such as dyslexia in day to day work tasks that involved reading and writing.Originality/valueThe literacy software promotes a better quality of life in the work place. Dyslexia is a hidden disability and the literacy software helps users to overcome any barriers to working they previously had.
Academic style with substance
Authors: Stagg Adrian , Kimmins Lindy , Pavlovski Nicholas 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThis paper seeks to report the initial phase of a cross‐institutional screencasting project designed to provide digital, multimedia support for referencing skills. Use of screencasting software, with strong educational design, has the potential to reach all learners asynchronously, regardless of mode of study, and this paper focuses on the transferability of the principles and skills in this project to other contexts and institutions.Design/methodology/approachThe referencing tutorial makes use of dual coding theory to provide an aligned visual and auditory learning experience and is discussed in reference to the current literature. The foundation of the project was collaboration between the academic libraries and lecturers in the field of academic learning skills. The pedagogical and technical design and challenges are discussed, with a view to incorporating feedback into further iterative development stages.FindingsThis paper finds that screencasting has been used to effectively support the development of referencing skills across a diverse student cohort, but recognises that further, in‐depth analysis will be required to determine the impact of the project. It also provides an example of a low‐cost project which could be replicated by other institutions to positively frame referencing within the context of broader academic writing.Originality/valueThe paper provides an overview of a short project to collaboratively develop a screencast and add value to existing referencing resources (which are predominantly text‐based). The design approach situates referencing within an academic writing continuum seeking to explicitly provide a rationale for the mechanics of referencing, whilst also acknowledging the challenges presented by a rapidly changing information environment.
Impact of Web 2.0 technologies on academic libraries: a survey of ARL libraries
Authors: Mahmood Khalid , Richardson John V. 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe paper aims to present the results of a survey of academic libraries about the adoption and perceived impact of Web 2.0 technologies.Design/methodology/approachA total of 67 US academic libraries participated among the members of the Association of Research Libraries.FindingsIt was found that each library was using some form of technology, such as RSS, blogs, social networking sites, wikis and instant messaging. On a Likert‐type scale the participant librarians significantly preferred the advantages of Web 2.0 over its disadvantages. There was a significant positive correlation between the extent of Web 2.0 adoption in libraries and librarians' opinion about their advantages.Originality/valueThe paper is useful for future planning of the use of Web 2.0 technologies in academic libraries.
Potential effect of uncertainty on the GRG interpretation
Authors: Saavedra Angeles , Arce Elena , Luis Miguez Jose , Granada Enrique 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose an interpretation of the grey relational grade taking into account its variation range on the basis of the error propagation theory.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses error propagation theory to calculate the uncertainty of the grey relational grade, exploring how errors are propagated through the sequential operations of the grey relational analysis.FindingsThe non‐consideration of the error associated to the measurement of the experimental data that is transferred to the grey relational grade may have a potential effect on the interpretation of the grey relational rank. Data uncertainty quantification provides information about how well measurement fits to the value of the measured quantity and determines its validity. Therefore, this might lead one to consider that some sequences are less attractive than other lower‐ranked ones.Practical implicationsThe combination of the grey and error propagation theories is a tool to choose the most accurate solution in grey relational grade ranks.Originality/valueThis study provides a new approach to interpret grey relational grade classifications.
Bessant's continuous improvement model: revisiting and revising
Authors: Fryer Karen , Ogden Susan , Anthony Jiju 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose that a redevelopment of Bessant's continuous improvement (CI) model makes a useful contribution to the research and understanding of the development of performance improvement in the public sector.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a conceptual discussion that develops the case for a three stage CI model from an analysis of the literature and feedback from key management stakeholders across a range of public sector organisations.FindingsAlthough Bessant's five stage model presents a useful way of understanding how CI culture evolves, it is less useful as a framework for measuring the level of CI maturity as it does not provide indicators against each of the five stages of development. It is argued that a three stage model which contains a set of indicators for each level may be useful in the current public sector context where self‐assessment is seen as central to driving organisational improvement.Research limitations/implicationsThe applicability of the revised conceptual framework of CI maturity has still to be tested to gauge its usefulness either as a self‐assessment tool or a research tool to measure the level of CI.Practical implicationsThe paper presents a revised CI model that arguably provides managers and researchers with a more pragmatic framework that more clearly indicates how managers can progress CI to develop mature learning organisations.Originality/valueThe revised model of CI provides a conceptual framework for future research and analysis relating to the development of CI maturity levels.
Public e‐services from inside
Authors: Giritli Nygren Katarina , Axelsson Karin , Melin Ulf 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the consequences of citizens' increased use of public e‐services for agency employees' work situation.Design/methodology/approachIn order to accomplish the purpose of the paper the authors focus on the way in which the increased use of public e‐services also implies internal process and routine changes in public administration. The authors analyze work conditions for case officers at a government agency in Sweden by applying occupational ideal types to identify the specific work conditions in the studied case. The case study is based on qualitative data collected with a back office perspective.FindingsThe findings indicate a new hybrid organization where the increased use of e‐services challenges earlier demands for competence. The transformation of e‐government has implications for job codification, rule observation, job specification, and interaction with the general public.Originality/valueThe paper extends the knowledge on how the increased use of public e‐services affects back‐office work conditions, with an increased high level of complexity in work content, but with low level of work autonomy. It argues that studying back‐office work conditions is an important management issue in public administration research as well as practice.
Exploring inter‐departmental barriers between production and quality
Authors: Suckley Louise J. , Price Ilfryn , Sharpe Jason 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the value of adopting an organizational ecological perspective to explore behavioural barriers in a UK operations & production management (OPM) setting.Design/methodology/approachAn ethnographic case study approach was adopted with a narrative ecological stance to deconstruct the perceived realities and the origins of the inter‐departmental barriers applying Scott‐Morgan's unwritten rules methodology.FindingsDespite an improvement in the physical proximity of the production and quality control departments, the qualitative approach revealed that latent, socially constructed drivers around management, interaction and communication reinforced inter‐departmental barriers. Conflicting enablers were ultimately responsible derived from the organizational structure, which impacted the firm's production resources.Research limitations/implicationsAs a case study approach, the specificity of the findings to this OPM setting should be explored further.Practical implicationsThe paper demonstrates the use of theoretical frameworks in a production and manufacturing organization to provide insights for maximising process effectiveness. Using the organizational ecological perspective to uncover the socially constructed unwritten rules of the OPM setting beneficially impacted on operational effectiveness.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to organization ethnography literature by providing a detailed empirical analysis of manufacturing and services behaviour using an organizational ecology perspective. The example demonstrates that “qualitative” research can have real world impact in an advanced operational context. It also contributes to an ecological or complex adaptive systems view of organizations and, inter alia, their supply chains.
Shifting values: hope and concern for “waking up”
Authors: Hines Andy 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to take up the challenge of Slaughter's Biggest Wake‐up Call in History to look for solution in the interior aspects of the Integral perspective by focusing on long‐term patterns of changing values in individual interior (the upper‐left “intentional” quadrant of the Integral matrix).Design/methodology/approachThe paper applies the author's research on long‐term patterns in individual values changes. It takes a developmental perspective, suggesting a consistent direction of change in individual values, drawing on an analysis of 20 values systems described in the literature.FindingsThe findings suggest that the long‐term values changes offer both hope and concern for addressing the global emergency. The hope comes from development in postmodern and integral values, suggesting that the rise of postmodern values could lead to greater awareness of the global emergency and that the rise of integral values in particular could lead to greater action in addressing it. A concern is that modern values suggest priorities reinforcing the trends and developments, such as a massive rise in consumption, driving the global emergency and that these values are increasingly prevalent in the emerging markets that make up the largest share of the global population.Research limitations/implicationsThe most important area for further research would be to develop an accurate measure of the prevalence of the types of values present in the world today.Social implicationsThe impacts on society suggest important timing questions for addressing the global emergency. The growing presence of modern values reinforces the trends driving the emergency, while the rise of postmodern and integral values suggests potential for moving toward solutions. It is not clear which set of values will end up having the greater impact: modern values could intensify the emergency before postmodern and integral values are sufficiently developed to drive solutions.Originality/valueThe synthesis of research on long‐term pattern in values shifts and its application to global emergency discussion adds an element of richness to the discussion of the role of interior aspects of the integral perspective. Futurists and others concerned with the global emergency will have greater insight into the need to deal with the spread of modern values in the emerging markets, as well as greater insight into the need to cultivate the spread of postmodern and integral values and enlist the support of those having those values in working on solutions to the global emergency.
Migration and the false promise of growth
Authors: Heinonen Matti 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse interaction between the economic growth and population explosion on migration and impending global crises, resulting from a congruence of the ills affecting the world today, including climate change, water and food scarcity, poverty and environmental degradation.Design/methodology/approachThis is a comparative analysis of future‐oriented literature. The paper applies the “Limits to Growth” thinking and suggests an approach where the concept of material and population growth is questioned.FindingsMultidisciplinary examination of research literature reveals what is normally considered to be problems such as energy, food and water scarcity, poverty and environmental degradation really are not problems but symptoms; the problem is the continuing economic and population growth on a finite planet. Migration has always been a possible coping strategy for people facing economic and political problems as well as environmental changes. Continuing growth has not erased poverty and closed the gap between the rich and poor, which is a major driving force of migration. Only changing the structure of the system will do that.Practical implicationsThe present unsustainable way of life means that society risks a multitude of crises. Many breakdowns will most likely be happening simultaneously throughout the entire environmental and socioeconomic system on a worldwide scale. Humanity has set the scene for the overshoot scenario and reversal of growth will be necessary to get out of it. New kinds of methods are needed to respond to the current challenges. It is imperative to reinvent economic theories and create new monetary and fiscal policies to solve the multidimensional ecological, economic, demographic, political and social crises humanity is facing today.Originality/valueIn a world where the lack of foresight exists to an alarming degree at every level of society, it is important to be constantly reminded of the imminent global crises resulting from growth. It is becoming apparent that fragmented strategies cannot address the pressing challenges. New values are needed to guide society to peaceful and equitable development in an increasingly interconnected world. This can only emerge from a new critical self‐awareness and the will to act.