bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insulin induces C2C12 cell proliferation and apoptosis through regulation of cyclin D1 and BAD expression
Authors: Xiong Cheng‐Juan , Li Ping‐Fa , Song Yang‐Liu , Xue Li‐Xiang , Jia Zhu‐Qing , Yao Chun‐Xia , Wei Qing‐Xia , Zhang Shu‐Feng , Zhang Shan‐Feng , Zhang Yan‐Yan , Zhao Ji‐Min , Wang Tian‐Qi , Guo Mao‐Feng , Zang Ming‐Xi 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTInsulin is a secreted peptide hormone identified in human pancreas to promote glucose utilization. Insulin has been observed to induce cell proliferation and myogenesis in C2C12 cells. The precise mechanisms underlying the proliferation of C2C12 cells induced by insulin remain unclear. In this study, we observed for the first time that 10 nM insulin treatment promotes C2C12 cell proliferation. Additionally, 50 and 100 nM insulin treatment induces C2C12 cell apoptosis. By utilizing real‐time PCR and Western blotting analysis, we found that the mRNA levels of cyclinD1 and BAD are induced upon 10 and 50 nM/100 nM insulin treatment, respectively. The similar results were observed in C2C12 cells expressing GATA‐6 or PPARα. Our results identify for the first time the downstream targets of insulin, cyclin D1, and BAD, elucidate a new molecular mechanism of insulin in promoting cell proliferation and apoptosis. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 2708–2717, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rotavirus genotypes in children in the community with diarrhea in Madagascar
Authors: Razafindratsimandresy Richter , Heraud Jean‐Michel , Ramarokoto Charles Emile , Rabemanantsoa Sendraharimanana , Randremanana Rindra , Andriamamonjy Nelson Seta , Richard Vincent , Reynes Jean Marc 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTIn the context of the possible introduction of a preventive vaccine against rotaviruses in Madagascar, the G and P genotypes distribution of the rotaviruses circulating in the children in Madagascar was studied, and the presence of emerging genotypes and unusual strains were assessed. From February 2008 to May 2009, 1,679 stools specimens were collected from children ≤5 years old with diarrhea. ELISA was used for antigen detection, and molecular amplification of VP7 and VP4 gene fragments was used for genotyping. Rotavirus antigen was detected in 104 samples (6.2%). Partial sequences of VP7 and VP4 genes were obtained from 81 and 80 antigen‐positive stools, respectively. The most frequent G and P types combinations detected were G9P[8] (n = 51; 64.6%), followed by G1P[8] (n = 15; 18.9%), and G1P[6] (n = 8; 10.1%). A few unusual G‐P combinations, such as G4P[6] (n = 3; 3.8%), G9P[6] (n = 1; 1.3%), and G3P[9] reassortant feline human virus (n = 1; 1.3%) were identified. Both VP4 and VP7 sequences in one of the three G4P[6] isolates were closely related to those in porcine strains, and one was a reassortant human porcine virus. These findings give an overview of the strains circulating in Madagascar and should help public health authorities to define a vaccine strategy. J. Med. Virol. 85:1652–1660, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Adverse drug reactions in patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementia in France: a national multicentre cross‐sectional study
Authors: Laroche Marie‐Laure , Perault‐Pochat Marie‐Christine , Ingrand Isabelle , Merle Louis , Kreft‐Jais Carmen , Castot‐Villepelet Anne , Durrieu Geneviève , Gras Valérie , Guy Claire , Jean‐Pastor Marie‐Josèphe , Jonville‐Béra Annie‐Pierre , Merlet‐Chicoine Isabelle , Miremont‐Salamé Ghada , Nourhashemi Fati , Charmes Jean‐Pierre ,   the French Centres of Pharmacovigilance Network
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTPurposeTo assess the prevalence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) occurring in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or other dementia in France.MethodsA cross‐sectional multicentre study was conducted by the French network of the 31 regional pharmacovigilance centres on a given day. The subjects were selected by random draw to be a representative sample of French patients with dementia: consultations of dementia clinics, nursing‐homes, acute and long care geriatric units, rehabilitation care geriatric units. The staff of each medical structure together with that of the pharmacovigilance centre defined a day for including the patients. Socio‐demographic data, history, ADR and drugs given were registered.ResultsThere were 1332 subjects included, 51.1% living at home, 48.8% in institutions, aged 82.0 ± 8.0 years (46–108); 61.3% suffered from AD. Mean number of drugs was 6.3 ± 3.1. Anti‐dementia drugs were given to 66.4% subjects. ADR prevalence was 5.0% (95% CI: 3.9–6.2) without a significant difference between at home and institutionalized patients. ADR consisted of gastro‐intestinal (23.2%), central nervous system (17.4%) and psychiatric disorders (8.7%). Of the ADR, 31.9% were serious, and 47.8% preventable. The drugs most often involved were anti‐dementia (28.9%), cardio‐vascular (28.9%) and psychotropic drugs (26.4%, anxiolytics, hypnotics, antidepressants, neuroleptics).ConclusionThis national scale study showed that iatrogenesis in patients with AD and related dementia can at times be serious and preventable. Therefore, special attention is required when prescribing psychotropic and anti‐dementia drugs, as they are frequently used and induce half of the ADR in this population. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Randomized controlled trial of computerized cognitive behavioural therapy for depressive symptoms: effectiveness and costs of a workplace intervention
Authors: Phillips R. , Schneider J. , Molosankwe I. , Leese M. , Foroushani P. Sarrami , Grime P. , McCrone P. , Morriss R. , Thornicroft G. 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundDepression and anxiety are major causes of absence from work and underperformance in the workplace. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) can be effective in treating such problems and online versions offer many practical advantages. The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of a computerized CBT intervention (MoodGYM) in a workplace context.MethodThe study was a phase III two-arm, parallel randomized controlled trial whose main outcome was total score on the Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS). Depression, anxiety, psychological functioning, costs and acceptability of the online process were also measured. Most data were collected online for 637 participants at baseline, 359 at 6 weeks marking the end of the intervention and 251 participants at 12 weeks post-baseline.ResultsIn both experimental and control groups depression scores improved over 6 weeks but attrition was high. There was no evidence for a difference in the average treatment effect of MoodGYM on the WSAS, nor for a difference in any of the secondary outcomes.ConclusionsThis study found no evidence that MoodGYM was superior to informational websites in terms of psychological outcomes or service use, although improvement to subthreshold levels of depression was seen in nearly half the patients in both groups.
Prediction in processing is a by-product of language learning
Authors: Chang Franklin , Kidd Evan , Rowland Caroline F. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBoth children and adults predict the content of upcoming language, suggesting that prediction is useful for learning as well as processing. We present an alternative model which can explain prediction behaviour as a by-product of language learning. We suggest that a consideration of language acquisition places important constraints on Pickering & Garrod's (P&G's) theory.
Cellular Uptake Mechanisms of an Antitumor Ruthenium Compound: The Endosomal/Lysosomal System as a Target for Anticancer Metal-Based Drugs
Authors: Côrte-Real Leonor , Matos António P. , Alho Irina , Morais Tânia S. , Tomaz Ana Isabel , Garcia Maria Helena , Santos Isabel , Bicho Manuel P. , Marques Fernanda 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPrevious studies have described promising antitumor activity of an organometallic Ru(II) complex, η5-Cyclopentadienyl(2,2′-bipyridyl)(triphenylphosphane) Ruthenium(II) triflate ([(η5-C5H5)Ru(2,2′-bipyridyl)(PPh3)][CF3SO3]) herein designated as TM34. Its broad spectrum of activity against a panel of human tumor cell lines and high antiproliferative efficiency prompted us to focus on its mode of action. We present herein results obtained with two human tumor cell lines A2780 and MDAMB231 on the compound distribution within the cell, the mechanism of its activity, and its cellular targets. The prospective metallodrug TM34 revealed: (a) fast antiproliferative effects even at short incubation times for both cell lines; (b) preferential localization at the cell membrane and cytosol; (c) cellular activity by a temperature-dependent process, probably macropinocytosis; (d) inhibition of a lysosomal enzyme, acid phosphatase, in a dose-dependent mode; and (e) disruption and vesiculation of the Golgi apparatus, which suggest the involvement of the endosomal/lysosomal system in its mode of action. These results are essential to elucidate the basis for the cytotoxic activity and mechanism of action of this RuII(η5-cyclopentadienyl) complex.
Reduced mammalian target of rapamycin activity facilitates mitochondrial retrograde signaling and increases life span in normal human fibroblasts
Authors: Lerner Chad , Bitto Alessandro , Pulliam Daniel , Nacarelli Timothy , Konigsberg Mina , Van Remmen Holly , Torres Claudio , Sell Christian 
Published: June 2013

SummaryCoordinated expression of mitochondrial and nuclear genes is required to maintain proper mitochondrial function. However, the precise mechanisms that ensure this coordination are not well defined. We find that signaling from mitochondria to the nucleus is influenced by mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity via changes in autophagy and p62/SQSTM1 turnover. Reducing mTOR activity increases autophagic flux, enhances mitochondrial membrane potential, reduces reactive oxygen species within the cell, and increases replicative life span. These effects appear to be mediated in part by an interaction between p62/SQSTM1 and Keap1. This interaction allows nuclear accumulation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2‐like 2 (NFE2L2, also known as nuclear factor related factor 2 or NRF2), increased expression of the nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1), and increased expression of nuclear‐encoded mitochondrial genes, such as the mitochondrial transcription factor A, and mitochondrial‐encoded genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation. These findings reveal a portion of the intracellular signaling network that couples mitochondrial turnover with mitochondrial renewal to maintain homeostasis within the cell and suggest mechanisms whereby a reduction in mTOR activity may enhance longevity.
Interactions between vitamin D and IGF‐I: from physiology to clinical practice
Authors: Ameri Pietro , Giusti Andrea , Boschetti Mara , Murialdo Giovanni , Minuto Francesco , Ferone Diego 
Published: June 2013

SummaryThe interplay between vitamin D and IGF‐I is complex and occurs at both endocrine and paracrine/autocrine levels. Vitamin D has been shown to increase circulating IGF‐I and IGFBP‐3, with the consistent finding of a positive correlation between vitamin D and IGF‐I serum values in population‐based cohorts of healthy subjects. The modulation of IGF‐I and IGFBP‐3 concentrations by vitamin D may impact recombinant human (rh) GH dosing for the treatment of GHD. It might also underlie some of the extra‐skeletal beneficial effects ascribed to vitamin D. On the other hand, IGF‐I stimulates renal production of 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D, which increases calcium and phosphate availability in the body and suppresses PTH secretion. This effect is responsible for an altered calcium–phosphate balance in uncontrolled acromegaly and might also account for the improvement in bone metabolism associated with rhGH treatment in patients with GHD. Data on the paracrine/autocrine vitamin D−IGF‐I interactions are abundant, but mostly not linked to one another. As a result, it is not possible to draw a comprehensive picture of the physiological and/or pathological interrelations between vitamin D, IGF‐I and IGF‐binding proteins (IGFBP) in different tissues. A potential role of vitamin D action is related to its association with carcinogenesis, a paradigm being breast cancer. Current evidence indicates that, in breast tumours, vitamin D modulates the IGF‐I/IGFBP ratio to decrease proliferation and increase apoptosis.
Temperature and nutrient availability interact to mediate growth and body stoichiometry in a detritivorous stream insect
Authors: Kendrick Michael R. , Benstead Jonathan P. 
Published: June 2013

Summary

Regimes of temperature and nutrient availability are undergoing rapid modification at global scales. Both temperature and nutrients can influence consumer physiology and growth via several mechanisms. We examined how temperature and the nutrient content of food interact to affect consumption, growth and body stoichiometry of a detritivorous consumer (the caddisfly Pycnopsyche gentilis).

In a 7‐week growth study, P. gentilis larvae were reared at two different temperatures (5 and 10 °C) while fed conditioned red maple (Acer rubrum) litter at one of two stoichiometric qualities (manipulated by raising phosphorus supply in one litter conditioning treatment; Amb: mean litter P = 0.03%, mean litter N = 0.79%; Hi‐P: mean litter P = 0.14%, mean litter N = 1.2%).

Temperature and litter quality had differential effects on bulk consumption, element‐specific (N and P) consumption, growth and elemental body content of P. gentilis larvae. Temperature was the only factor affecting bulk feeding rates. Larvae in the Warm/Hi‐P treatment had by far the highest growth rates; the negligible growth in the Cold/Amb treatment was increased by either higher temperature (Warm/Amb) or higher food quality (Cold/Hi‐P).

Higher temperature had no effect on body P content in Hi‐P treatments, but decreased body P content in the Amb treatments. Shifts in temperature and resource quality are both important components of global change and our results show that these factors can have interactive effects on detrital food webs, through which most primary production flows.
Adjuvant rituximab in the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris: a phase II clinical trial
Authors: Kamran Balighi , Maryam Daneshpazhooh , Somayeh Khezri , Mostafa Mahdavi‐nia , Mahsa Hajiseyed‐javadi , Cheyda Chams‐Davatchi 
Published: June 2013

AbstractRituximab has been tried increasingly for the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris (PV). However, there is still no consensus about its dosing regimens, efficacy, and side effects due to insufficient clinical trials. The goal of this study was to evaluate its efficacy in the treatment of PV. This is a case series of patients with PV who received rituximab, four doses of 375 mg/m2 intravenously weekly, plus concomitant oral prednisolone. The primary outcomes were the rate of initial clinical improvement and marked clinical improvement; secondary outcomes included prednisolone doses (mg/d) at baseline, three months, six months and the last visit, as well as the side effects. Forty out of 45 patients completed the study. The mean follow‐up time was 12 ± 10.69 months (range of 3–46 months). Following treatment with rituximab, all the analyzed patients with PV had initial clinical improvement after a mean period of 6.35 weeks and a marked clinical improvement after a mean of 10.13 months. The mean prednisolone dose (mg/d) decreased significantly from a baseline level of 48.75 ± 25.86 to 26.50 ± 12.95 at three months, 20.70 ± 17.51 at six months, and 15.26 ± 9.98 at the last visit (P = 0.0001). The encountered side effects following rituximab were lung abscess, sepsis, pneumonia, cavernous sinus thrombosis, skin abscess, deep vein thrombosis, generalized arthralgia, and Stevens–Johnson syndrome. According to our study, rituximab may be an effective adjuvant to prednisolone for the treatment of PV; however, its safety profile remains concerning. (IRCT registration number: IRCT201111022704N2.).
Penile Tumors: Their Management by Mohs Micrographic Surgery
Authors: BROWN MARC D. , ZACHARY CHRISTOPHER B. , GREKIN ROY C. , SWANSON NEIL A. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPenile tumors represent a difficult group of neoplasms requiring effective and curative treatment while minimizing tissue loss to prevent cosmetic and functional deformity. Over the past 6 years, we have treated 20 patients with penile cancer utilizing the fresh tissue technique of Mohs micrographic surgery. Tumors were excised with an average of 2.25 stages. Most defects (80%) were allowed to heal by second intention. Since surgery, four patients have developed metastatic disease in their regional lymphatic system, and one patient has died from metastatic spread. One patient has developed local recurrence. Micrographic surgery is a very useful treatment modality for patients with penile tumors. Patients with SCC of the penis should be considered for elective regional lymph node biopsy and/or dissection in conjunction with micrographically controlled excision of the primary tumor.
Investigation of the pathophysiological mechanism for altered calcium homeostasis in hyperthyroid cats
Authors: Williams T. L. , Elliott J. , Berry J. , Syme H. M. 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveTo investigate possible pathophysiological mechanisms (reduced plasma calcitriol concentrations and/or presence of concurrent or masked chronic kidney disease) for hypocalcaemiain hyperthyroid cats.MethodsProspective cohort study. Routine plasma biochemical parameters, plasma parathyroid hormone and calcitriol concentrations, ionized calcium concentrations, and venouspH, were measured at diagnosis and following treatment of hyperthyroidism. Linear regression analysis was used to determine predictors of ionized calcium concentration.ResultsHyperthyroid cats (n=45) had lower ionized calcium concentrations than healthy geriatric cats (n=52), however, ionized calcium concentrations were higher in hyperthyroid cats with concurrent or masked chronic kidney disease than non‐azotaemic hyperthyroid cats. Plasma calcitriol concentrations were higher in hyperthyroid cats than control cats. Plasma total thyroxine concentration and venouspHwere independent predictors of ionized calcium concentration. Plasma total thyroxine concentration was also a predictor of ionized calcium concentration after adjustment for plasma parathyroid hormone and calcitriol concentrations.Clinical SignificanceHypocalcaemia in hyperthyroid cats is not associated with the presence of concurrent or masked chronic kidney disease or reduced plasma calcitriol concentrations. Increased thyroid hormone concentrations might influence ionized calcium concentrations through a mechanism, yet to be determined, that is independent of control by parathyroid hormone and calcitriol.
MutMap‐Gap: whole‐genome resequencing of mutant F2 progeny bulk combined with de novo assembly of gap regions identifies the rice blast resistance gene Pii
Authors: Takagi Hiroki , Uemura Aiko , Yaegashi Hiroki , Tamiru Muluneh , Abe Akira , Mitsuoka Chikako , Utsushi Hiroe , Natsume Satoshi , Kanzaki Hiroyuki , Matsumura Hideo , Saitoh Hiromasa , Yoshida Kentaro , Cano Liliana M. , Kamoun Sophien , Terauchi Ryohei 
Published: June 2013

Summary

Next‐generation sequencing allows the identification of mutations responsible for mutant phenotypes by whole‐genome resequencing and alignment to a reference genome. However, when the resequenced cultivar/line displays significant structural variation from the reference genome, mutations in the genome regions missing from the reference (gaps) cannot be identified by simple alignment.

Here we report on a method called ‘MutMap‐Gap’, which involves delineating a candidate region harboring a mutation of interest using the recently reported MutMap method, followed by de novo assembly, alignment, and identification of the mutation within genome gaps.

We applied MutMap‐Gap to isolate the blast resistant gene Pii from the rice cv Hitomebore using mutant lines that have lost Pii function.

MutMap‐Gap should prove useful for cloning genes that exhibit significant structural variations such as disease resistance genes of the nucleotide‐binding site‐leucine rich repeat (NBS‐LRR) class.
Clinical significance of serum hyaluronan in chronic fibrotic interstitial pneumonia
Authors: Inokoshi Yayoi , Tanino Yoshinori , Wang Xintao , Sato Suguru , Fukuhara Naoko , Nikaido Takefumi , Fukuhara Atsuro , Saito Junpei , Frevert Charles W. , Munakata Mitsuru 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackground and objectiveHyaluronan is an important constituent of the extracellular matrix in lungs, and growing evidence demonstrates its important biological properties in the lung. However, its role in interstitial pneumonia remains to be fully clarified. The goal of this study was to clarify the role of hyaluronan in interstitial pneumonia.MethodsHyaluronan in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of chronic interstitial pneumonia (CIP) patients was measured, and the correlation with clinical parameters was determined. In addition, the correlation between hyaluronan in serum and clinical parameters was analysed in patients with acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia (IP‐AE).ResultsWhen compared with healthy controls, serum hyaluronan was significantly greater in patients with CIP and was positively correlated with serum biomarkers of inflammation and fibrosis, such as C‐reactive protein and surfactant protein‐D. In BAL fluid, the amount of hyaluronan was positively correlated with the percentage of inflammatory cells and the amount of CXCL8. When compared with CIP patients, patients with IP‐AE had significantly greater amounts of serum hyaluronan, and patients with the highest serum hyaluronan had the worst 60‐day outcomes.ConclusionsThis work suggests that serum hyaluronan may be a clinically useful biomarker of interstitial pneumonia and suggests the possibility that hyaluronan is involved in the pathogenesis of interstitial pneumonia by recruiting inflammatory cells into the lungs.
Fixed-Antenna Pointing-Angle Calibration of Airborne Doppler Cloud Radar
Authors: Haimov Samuel , Rodi Alfred 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Doppler velocity measurements from airborne meteorological Doppler radars require removal of the aircraft motion contribution in order to provide radial velocity of hydrometeor targets. This is a critical step for hydrometeor motion and wind retrievals. The aircraft motion contribution is defined as the scalar product between the radar antenna beam-pointing vector and the aircraft velocity vector at the antenna phase center. The accuracy in the removal of the aircraft velocity contribution is determined by the accuracy of the beam-pointing vector, the rigidity of the antenna mount, and the accuracy of the aircraft attitude and velocity measurements. In this paper an optimization technique is proposed to determine the antenna beam-pointing vector and to analyze its uncertainties using aircraft attitude and velocity data from a GPS-aided inertial measurement unit and radar observations of the earth surface. The technique is applied to Wyoming Cloud Radar (WCR) on the University of Wyoming King Air (UWKA) aircraft. The beam-pointing vectors of the two fixed downward-pointing WCR antennas are calibrated using data selected from several calibration flights. The maximum root-mean-square error in the calibrated beam-pointing angles is smaller than 0.03°, resulting in less than 0.1 m s−1 aircraft motion residual error in the Doppler velocities after removing the aircraft motion contribution. Some applicability and limitations to other airborne Doppler radars with fixed antennas are discussed.