bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved sleep MRI at 3 tesla in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Shin Lewis K. , Holbrook Andrew B. , Capasso Robson , Kushida Clete A. , Powell Nelson B. , Fischbein Nancy J. , Pauly Kim Butts 
Published: February 2013

PurposeTo describe a real‐time MR imaging platform for synchronous, multi‐planar visualization of upper airway collapse in obstructive sleep apnea at 3 Tesla (T) to promote natural sleep with an emphasis on lateral wall visualization.Materials and MethodsA real‐time imaging platform was configured for sleep MR imaging which used a cartesian, partialk‐space gradient‐echo sequence with an inherent temporal resolution of 3 independent slices every 2 s. Combinations of axial, mid‐sagittal, and coronal scan planes were acquired. The system was tested in five subjects with polysomnography‐proven obstructive sleep apnea during sleep, with synchronous acquisition of respiratory effort and combined oral‐nasal airflow data.ResultsSleep was initiated and maintained to allow demonstration of sleep‐induced, upper airway collapse as illustrated in two subjects when using a real‐time, sleep MR imaging platform at 3T. Lateral wall collapse could not be visualized on mid‐sagittal imaging alone and was best characterized on multiplanar coronal and axial imaging planes.ConclusionOur dedicated sleep MR imaging platform permitted an acoustic environment of constant “white noise” which was conducive to sleep onset and sleep maintenance in obstructive sleep apnea patients at 3T. Apneic episodes, specifically the lateral walls, were more accurately characterized with synchronous, multiplanar acquisitions. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:1261–1266. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Developing radiographer roles in the context of advanced and consultant practice
Authors: Field Lisa J. , Snaith Beverly A. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractSkill‐mix initiatives have provided opportunities for radiographers to develop roles and achieve their potential, thus contributing to radiographer retention rates and increased job satisfaction. This reflective article explores two radiographic roles within an interprofessional context including the implications for confidence, competence, and future sustainability. These were reporting roles which extended into two modalities, one into bone densitometry and another into ultrasound. This article discusses how successful skill mix can benefit the individual, their department, and NHS organization and that role expansion can develop a more dynamic and resourceful workforce with transferability of skills and attributes.
Laser ablation of placental anastomoses in twin‐to‐twin transfusion syndrome: preoperative predictors of death by recursive partitioning
Authors: Skupski Daniel W. , Luks Francois I. , Papanna Ramesha , Walker Martin , Bebbington Michael , Ryan Greg , O'Shaughnessy Richard , Moldenhauer Julie , Bahtiyar Ozan ,   the North American Fetal Therapy Network (NAFTNet)
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe aim of this study was to develop a simple clinical algorithm for prediction of donor and recipient death using ‘yes'or ‘no’ questions through the process of recursive partitioning for patients undergoing laser therapy for twin to twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). The intent was to identify a subset of patients with very high specificity to whom clinical decisions would be simplified.MethodSecondary analysis of data retrospectively collected from laser procedures was performed for TTTS at NAFTNet centers from 2002 to 2009. Preoperative factors associated with donor and recipient death were identified by recursive partitioning regression analysis. Classification And Regression Trees (CARTs) were developed to refine specificity for prediction of death.ResultsThere were 466 TTTS patients from eight centers. CARTs were obtained for prediction of donor death. Improved specificity was achieved through recursive partitioning as demonstrated in receiver operator characteristic curves for prediction of death of the donor. There was less than optimal predictive ability for prediction of death in the recipient, as demonstrated by lack of generation of CARTs.ConclusionRecursive partitioning improves the specificity and refines the prediction of donor fetal and neonatal demise in TTTS treated with laser therapy. This has the potential to improve therapeutic choices and refine counseling regarding outcomes. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Flame retardancy and thermal degradation behaviors of epoxy resins containing bisphenol a bis (diphenyl phosphate) oligomer
Authors: Gao Ming , Sun Yingjuan 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate) oligomer (BBO) as flame retardant was synthesized, whose structure was characterized by IR and NMR. In all, 20% weight mixture polyphosphoric acid (APP) and BBO was doped into epoxy resins (EPs) to get 26.0% of limiting oxygen index and UL 94 V‐0. The degradation behavior of EP‐containing BBO/APP was studied by thermogravimetry, differential thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and cone calorimeter. The activation energies for the decomposition of EP samples are obtained using the method of Kissinger. The experimental results exhibited that for EP‐containing BBO/APP, compared with EP, initial decomposition temperature, maximum temperature at the peak position (Tm), and the activation energy for the decomposition are decreased, whereas the maximum weight loss rate (Rmax), char yields, and the inherent thermal stability are increased. Meanwhile, heat release, smoke production, and CO yield and CO2 yield of EP‐containing BBO/APP are much decreased compared with those of EP. The thermal degradation mechanism of EP‐containing BBO/APP has been proposed. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers
Recent advances in conjugated polymer energy storage
Authors: Mike Jared F. , Lutkenhaus Jodie L. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis review covers recent advances in conjugated polymers and their application in energy storage. Conjugated polymers are promising cost‐effective, lightweight, and flexible electrode materials. The operating principles of conjugated polymers are presented within the framework of their potential for energy storage. Special focus is given to polyaniline electrodes. Recent advances are reviewed including new methods of synthesis, nanostructuring, and assembly. Also, covered are applications that take full advantage of the mechanical properties of conjugated polymers and future applications of these novel materials. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2013
Malate dehydrogenase 2 confers docetaxel resistance via regulations of JNK signaling and oxidative metabolism
Authors: Liu Qiong , Harvey Chris T. , Geng Hao , Xue Changhui , Chen Vivian , Beer Tomasz M. , Qian David Z. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDResistance to chemotherapy represents a significant obstacle in prostate cancer therapeutics. Novel mechanistic understandings in cancer cell chemotherapeutic sensitivity and resistance can optimize treatment and improve patient outcome. Molecular alterations in the metabolic pathways are associated with cancer development; however, the role of these alterations in chemotherapy efficacy is largely unknown.METHODSIn a bed‐side to bench‐side reverse translational approach, we used cDNA microarray and qRT‐PCR to identify genes that are associated with biochemical relapse after chemotherapy. Further, we tested the function of these genes in cell proliferation, metabolism, and chemosensitivity in prostate cancer cell lines.RESULTSWe report that the gene encoding mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase 2 (MDH2) is overexpressed in clinical prostate cancer specimens. Patients with MDH2 overexpression had a significantly shorter period of relapse‐free survival (RFS) after undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy. To understand the molecular mechanism underlying this clinical observation, we observed that MDH2 expression was elevated in prostate cancer cell lines compared to benign prostate epithelial cells. Stable knockdown of MDH2 via shRNA in prostate cancer cell lines decreased cell proliferation and increased docetaxel sensitivity. Further, MDH2 shRNA enhanced docetaxel‐induced activations of JNK signaling and induced metabolic inefficiency.CONCLUSIONTaken together, these data suggest a novel function for MDH2 in prostate cancer development and chemotherapy resistance, in which MDH2 regulates chemotherapy‐induced signal transduction and oxidative metabolism. Prostate 73: 1028–1037, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Coherent manipulation of three‐spin states in a GaAs/AlGaAs triple dot device
Authors: Studenikin S. , Aers G. , Granger G. , Gaudreau L. , Kam A. , Zawadzki P. , Wasilewski Z. R. , Sachrajda A. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn this paper we describe our recent experiments on coherent manipulation of electron spin states formed in a highly tunable GaAs/AlGaAs triple quantum dot device. The coherent evolution of spin states is achieved by using fast pulses from an initialization point in the (201) charge configuration region of the stability diagram. We demonstrate the versatility of the triple dot system capable of tuning to different regimes controlled by the width of the (111) region and pulse parameters. In particular we observe Δ'1/2‐Q3/2 (analogue of S‐T+ in a double dot) and Δ'1/2‐Δ1/2 exchange driven oscillations from both sides of the stability diagram involving all three spins. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Small changes—Huge influences: NMR chemical shifts of Ni(II) complexes with polar substrates
Authors: Frank Andrea , Berkefeld Andreas , Drexler Matthias , Möller Heiko M. , Exner Thomas E. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractNeutral Ni(II) complexes have been shown to be highly valuable as robust and versatile catalysts in olefin polymerization. But they show reduced reactivity when the polar monomers methyl acrylate and vinyl acetate are incorporated. To get further insight into this behavior, NMR chemical shift calculations were performed on the system [(N,O) Ni (H) (PMe3)] 1 (N,O =
$\kappa ^2$‐N,O‐{2,6‐(3,5‐(F3C)2C6H3)2C6H3)NC(H)‐3,5‐I2‐2‐O‐C6H2}). The chemical shifts show reasonable agreement with experiment but are also extremely influenced by geometrical features of the complex as well as the inserted substrate. The first prominent feature, the low‐field shift of the Ccarbonyl in the incorporated monomer, can only be reproduced when it is in close proximity to the Ni and in this way hinders the attack of a new monomer. Second, the almost 100 ppm difference in the chemical shift of the carbon of the two substrates directly bound to Ni can be reasoned by the different directionality of polarization as disclosed by natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Use of robotic technology in cam femoroacetabular impingement corrective surgery
Authors: Masjedi Milad , Tan Wei Liang , Jaskaranjit Sunnar , Aqil Adeel , Harris Simon , Cobb Justin 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundCam type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is an anatomical disorder that can lead to osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip joint. With existing surgical options there is invariably a tendency for under‐resection or over‐resection of the cam lesion, both having dire consequences. This study assessed the application of robotic technology in the surgical management of cam FAI.MethodsThree different dry‐bone femur models (14 in each) with severe cam deformity underwent corrective surgery using a haptic robot with active constraints. The ‘post surgery’, models were CT scanned and 3‐D alpha angles and head/neck ratios (HNRs) were compared with pre‐operative plans.ResultsIn all models, the robotic resection resulted in a measured reduction of the maximum alpha angle to an angle indicative of no clinical impingement (first model 91° vs 49° ± 3°, second 91° vs 55° ± 5°, and third 87° vs 47° ± 2° P < 0.001). Similarly, the HNRs for all models reduced substantially following resection surgery.ConclusionsThis dry bone study validates the use of robotic technology to perform cam FAI corrective surgery. A more accurate bony resection may minimize complications due to over‐ and under‐resection. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Guidelines for supporting real‐time multi‐touch applications
Authors: Richardson Thomas , Burd Liz , Smith Shamus 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYMulti‐touch driven user interfaces are becoming increasingly prevalent because of their intuitiveness and because of the reduction in the associated hardware costs. In recognition of this trend, multi‐touch software frameworks (MSFs) have begun to emerge. These frameworks abstract the low level issues of multi‐touch software development and deployment. MSFs therefore enable software developers who are unfamiliar with the complexities of multi‐touch software development to implement and deploy multi‐touch applications more easily. However, some multi‐touch applications have real‐time system requirements, and at present, no MSFs provide support for the development and deployment of such real‐time multi‐touch applications. The implication of this is that software developers are unable to take advantage of MSFs and, therefore, are forced to handle the complexities of multi‐touch and real‐time systems development and deployment for themselves in an ad hoc manner. The primary consequence of this is that the multi‐touch and/or real‐time aspects of the application may not function correctly. In this paper, guidelines are presented for applying real‐time system concepts to support the development and deployment of real‐time multi‐touch applications using MSFs. This serves to increase the probability that the application will meet its timing requirements while also reducing the complexity of the development and deployment process associated with multi‐touch applications. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Loop scheduling with memory access reduction subject to register constraints for DSP applications
Authors: Wang Yi , Jia Zhiping , Chen Renhai , Wang Meng , Liu Duo , Shao Zili 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYMemory accesses introduce big‐time overhead and power consumption because of the performance gap between processors and main memory. This paper describes and evaluates a technique, loop scheduling with memory access reduction (LSMAR), that replaces hidden redundant load operations with register operations in loop kernels and performs partial scheduling for newly generated register operations subject to register constraints. By exploiting data dependence of memory access operations, the LSMAR technique can effectively reduce the number of memory accesses of loop kernels, thereby improving timing performance. The technique has been implemented into the Trimaran compiler and evaluated using a set of benchmarks from DSPstone and MiBench on the cycle‐accurate simulator of the Trimaran infrastructure. The experimental results show that when the LSMAR technique is applied, the number of memory accesses can be reduced by 18.47% on average over the benchmarks when it is not applied. The measurements also indicate that the optimizations only lead to an average 1.41% increase in code size. With such small code size expansion, the technique is more suitable for embedded systems compared with prior work.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design model for composite beam‐to‐reinforced concrete wall joints
Authors: Henriques José , da Silva Luís Simões , Valente Isabel 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA design model for composite beam‐to‐reinforced concrete wall joints is presented and discussed in this paper. The model proposed is the component method extended to this type of joint. The characterization of the active components is therefore performed in terms of force‐deformation curves. In this type of joint, special attention is paid to the steel‐concrete connection where “new” components, not covered in EN 1993‐1‐8, are activated. The application of the model allows the designer to obtain the joint properties in terms of the moment‐rotation curve. The accuracy of the proposed model is verified by comparing it with available experimental and numerical results. The latter were developed in the FE program ABAQUS and previously validated by experimental results.
Thin‐walled structural hollow section joints
Authors: Puthli R. , Lipp Andreas , Ummenhofer Thomas , Wardenier J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractSeveral national design standards allow the use of hollow sections with minimum nominal wall thicknesses down to 1.5 mm. However, the international standards that will be used in the future, based on the work of the International Institute of Welding (IIW‐XV‐E), still prescribe a minimum thickness of 2.5 mm. This paper presents the background to the IIW‐XV‐E higher thickness limit and presents strong arguments for extending the scope of these international standards to include structural hollow sections with wall thicknesses down to 1.5 mm.
Non‐B DNA Structures Show Diverse Conformations and Complex Transition Kinetics Comparable to RNA or Proteins—A Perspective from Mechanical Unfolding and Refolding Experiments
Authors: Yu Zhongbo , Mao Hanbin 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWith the firm demonstration of the in vivo presence and biological functions of many non‐B DNA structures, it is of great significance to understand their physiological roles from the perspective of structural conformation, stability, and transition kinetics. Although relatively simple in primary sequences compared to proteins, non‐B DNA species show rather versatile conformations and dynamic transitions. As the most‐studied non‐B DNA species, the G‐quadruplex displays a myriad of conformations that can interconvert between each other in different solutions. These features impose challenges for ensemble‐average techniques, such as X‐ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, and circular dichroism (CD), but leave room for single‐molecular approaches to illustrate the structure, stability, and transition kinetics of individual non‐B DNA species in a solution mixture. Deconvolution of the mixture can be further facilitated by statistical data treatment, such as iPoDNano (integrated population deconvolution with nanometer resolution), which resolves populations with subnanometer size differences. This Personal Account summarizes current mechanical unfolding and refolding methods to interrogate single non‐B DNA species, with an emphasis on DNA G‐quadruplexes and i‐motifs. These single‐molecule studies start to demonstrate that structures and transitions in non‐B DNA species can approach the complexity of those in RNA or proteins, which provides solid justification for the biological functions carried out by non‐B DNA species.
Demonstrating that power and instantaneous loads are decoupled in a vertical‐axis wind turbine
Authors: Simão Ferreira Carlos , Scheurich Frank 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThe flow in the meridian plane of a high aspect ratio vertical‐axis wind turbine (VAWT) can be described as two dimensional. The wake that is generated by the VAWT in a two‐dimensional flow consists of shed vorticity and is a result of the temporal variation of bound circulation on the blades, following Kelvin's theorem. The strength and location of the vorticity that is produced by the VAWT in a two‐dimensional flow are thus independent of the average bound circulation on the blade. Two independent computational models—a potential flow panel model and a method that is based on the vorticity–velocity formulation of the Navier–Stokes equations—have been used to show that the VAWT can produce the same power for different azimuthal distributions of the blade aerodynamic loading. It is thus demonstrated that the instantaneous blade aerodynamic loading and the power conversion of a VAWT are decoupled. This observation has, potentially, significant impact on the design of the VAWT and reopens the research on asymmetric blade shapes in order to optimize the performance of this turbine configuration. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling increases in snowmelt yield and desynchronization resulting from forest gap‐thinning treatments in a northern mountain headwater basin
Authors: Ellis C. R. , Pomeroy J. W. , Link T. E. 
Published: February 2013

Key Points
Forest thinning treatments in mountain regions may substantially alter snowmelt
Changes in snowmelt timing from forest thinning depend on slope and aspect.
Changes in snowmelt timing are caused primarily by shifts in radiation to snow.
Pore geometry effects on intrapore viscous to inertial flows and on effective hydraulic parameters
Authors: Chaudhary Kuldeep , Cardenas M. Bayani , Deng Wen , Bennett Philip C. 
Published: February 2013

Key Points
Pore geometry factor β can predict hydraulic conductivity K
Hydraulic conductivity is controlled by local friction drag near pore throats
β is indicator of non‐linear characteristics during Forchheimer flows
Characterizing particle‐scale equilibrium adsorption and kinetics of uranium(VI) desorption from U‐contaminated sediments
Authors: Stoliker Deborah L. , Liu Chongxuan , Kent Douglas B. , Zachara John M. 
Published: February 2013

Key Points
Means to statistically distinguish between sediment U(VI) adsorption properties
U(VI) desorption well described by reaction rate/SCM models
Reaction rate parameters identical for size fractions due to aggregation
High‐resolution 3‐D monitoring of evolving sediment beds
Authors: Bouratsis Polydefkis (Pol) , Diplas Panayiotis , Dancey Clinton L. , Apsilidis Nikolaos 
Published: February 2013

Key Points
We describe a new technique for measuring the topography of evolving beds.
The new technique was applied to a bridge scour experiment.
The main advantage is the high spatiotemporal resolution.
Prognostic Value of Serum Neutrophil Gelatinase‐Associated Lipocalin in Metastatic and Nonmetastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Martí Josep , Fuster Josep , Solà Anna M. , Hotter Georgina , Molina Rafael , Pelegrina Amalia , Ferrer Joana , Deulofeu Ramon , Fondevila Constantino , García‐Valdecasas Juan Carlos 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundNeutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL) expression is increased in epithelial cancer patients, but studies showing its relation to prognosis are scarce. We aimed to test the ability of preoperative serum NGAL levels (pNGAL) to predict recurrence in metastatic and nonmetastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.MethodsThis retrospective study determined pNGAL levels in 60 healthy individuals, 47 patients with nonmetastatic CRC, and 70 patients with metastatic CRC undergoing curative neoplastic resection. Patients were divided into low‐ and high‐pNGAL groups using a median series‐based cutoff.ResultsThe mean ± SD pNGAL in CRC patients (nonmetastatic and metastatic) was 102.3 ± 66.6 (median 91.4). Nonmetastatic CRC and metastatic CRC patients had higher pNGAL than healthy controls (88 ± 64 and 112 ± 67 vs. 0.6 ± 0.3, respectively, both p < 0.0001). Nonmetastatic CRC patients with deeper tumor invasion and metastatic CRC patients with shorter disease‐free interval after CRC resection had higher pNGAL. pNGAL levels correlated with neoplastic tissue volume. CRC patients with recurrence had higher pNGAL than those without recurrence (118 ± 64 vs. 88 ± 66, p = 0.013), and high‐pNGAL patients had a higher recurrence rate (59.3 vs. 36.2 %, p = 0.016). Median pNGAL‐based risk classification had a sensitivity of 62.5 % for predicting neoplastic progression in CRC patients and 74.3 % for predicting neoplastic progression during the first year after metastatic CRC resection.ConclusionspNGAL is higher in CRC patients than in the healthy population, which indicates a potential screening role. High‐pNGAL levels are associated with higher neoplastic tissue volume, characteristics of neoplastic invasion, and recurrence, showing a prognostic utility mainly in metastatic CRC patients.