bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Migrants sans frontières
Authors: de Wangen Sylviane 
Published: October 2015

Depuis les années 1970, après les décennies des décolonisations et la fermeture des frontières européennes à l’immigration de travail en raison de la diminution des besoins de main-d’œuvre étrangère, de l’automation et du début des délocalisations, l’augmentation constante du nombre des migrants dans le monde est vécue dans l’Union européenne comme une menace qu’elle combat par tous les moyens au nom de l’ordre public, ce qui aboutit à la création d’une notion nouvelle, l’immigration « irrégulière ». À partir de 2010, la croissance du nombre de migrants s’accélère du fait notamment des bouleversements dans les pays de la Méditerranée, du chaos créé au Moyen-Orient, en particulier en Irak, et du drame syrien. La plupart des migrants sont en quête d’une protection. En 2015 la situation est qualifiée de « crise des migrants » sans précédent depuis la Deuxième Guerre mondiale. Rien ne semble pouvoir stopper la tendance et la réponse sécuritaire échoue à endiguer les flux de personnes à la recherche de protection et de sécurité. L’émotion créée par l’annonce des morts quotidiennes lors des passages de frontières ou en mer est-elle de nature à encourager les dirigeants européens à promouvoir une vraie politique migratoire et d’asile en Europe et au niveau mondial ?
Entre compromis et violence, les sociétés arabes ont émergé depuis 2011
Authors: Ould Aoudia Jacques 
Published: October 2015

Le bruit et la fureur se sont emparés, une fois encore, de larges parties du monde arabe. Par delà les soubresauts de l’histoire au jour le jour, nous nous interrogeons sur les forces qui travaillent en profondeur les sociétés arabes, sur les clés majeures pour comprendre les enjeux à venir dans cette partie du monde, les voies que les sociétés pourraient explorer pour y restaurer un équilibre, et les nouvelles conditions d’une coopération méditerranéenne entre les pays de ses rives.	Ce texte aborde ces questions en accordant une attention particulière aux facteurs internes, qui, in fine, dictent les conditions de tous les autres, y compris dans les situations d’ingérence et de domination extérieure	1	. Il prend comme point d’inflexion majeur la vague de mouvements populaires qui, partie de Tunisie fin 2010, a touché l’ensemble du monde arabe, en révélant les tendances lourdes qui doivent être prises en compte au Sud et au Nord, au moment où l’avenir de la coopération entre Europe et pays arabes doit être repensée en se mettant à l’écoute des sociétés, sans lesquelles tout projet de coopération connaitrait le même sort que ceux qui ont précédé.
Chapitre 9. Le secret du droit : l’anonymat maintenu et le droit comparé
Authors: Tisseyre Sandrine 
Published: October 2015

Le droit français pose un principe d’anonymat du don de gamètes. Ce principe a toujours été ignoré du droit anglais. Plus encore, le droit anglais a consacré, il y a quelques années, un principe inverse : celui de l’absence d’anonymat des dons. Cette étude de droit anglais retrace cette évolution, et ses implications.
Bolivar et les indiens
Authors: Favre Henri 
Published: October 2015

Pendant longtemps, Bolívar a emprunté à l’Europe l’image qu’il se faisait de l’Indien. Cette image rousseauiste vola en éclats à Pasto, lorsque la population indigène de la région se souleva en faveur de la monarchie espagnole, et arrêta la marche de l’armée colombienne vers le Pérou. Le « Bon Sauvage » devint alors soudainement un « Affreux Barbare » et il devait toujours le rester. Les décrets indigénistes de Bolívar, inspirés par l’idéologie libérale, jettent définitivement les bases de la politique que les nouvelles républiques latino-américaines allaient mener par la suite, pour faire de l’Indien un citoyen à part entière. Cependant le Libertador ne croît pas possible, ni souhaitable, l’intégration de la population indigène dans la nation en formation. Jusqu’à sa mort, son esprit demeurera hanté par le spectre de la « guerre des castes ».
From Aspirations to Aspirin?
Authors: Fescharek Nicolas 
Published: October 2015

La littérature récente traitant de la politique européenne de sécurité et de défense tend à peindre un tableau sombre, évoquant essentiellement une histoire de déclin ou de complaisance ; elle décrit souvent une PESD/PSDC qui aurait commencé avec des aspirations élevées, souffrant désormais d’une forte « migraine » et risquant même de disparaître après la débâcle libyenne. Sans nier ces difficultés, cet article, qui examine le cas de l’Afghanistan, prend le contre-pied de ce « déclinisme » et propose de réfléchir à un rôle européen « par défaut » – mais avec des effets quasi stratégiques. Ainsi, il accepte la persistance de différences substantielles entre les cultures stratégiques nationales des états membres de l’UE, mais met en évidence le paradoxe que la convergence européenne autour de ce « rôle par défaut » est à la fois le résultat d’une volonté de – ou d’une complaisance vis-à-vis du – leadership américain, et l’expression accumulée d’une inertie globalement partagée, conservant ainsi une marge d’autonomie stratégique vis-à-vis des États-Unis. Cette notion d’un rôle par défaut est une approche plus appropriée au rôle de sécurité de l’Europe que les tentatives de penser une « culture stratégique européenne ».
Mobile Collection and Dissemination of Seniors’ Skills
Authors: Salamin Anne-Dominique , Xia Leyun 
Published: October 2015

By 2050, the 60+ population will have reached 2 billion—this will be the first time in history when people aged over 60 will outnumber children aged 14 and under.
The Mocodis project focused on collecting and valorizing seniors’ competencies in the firm, which can, as such, be regarded as a group producing value and no longer perceived as a vulnerable group deserving special attention.
We focused on “senior” in the sense of “elder workers, integrated in a company or association, and retiring in less than 5 years”.

The MOCODIS system aims at collecting resources, such as video, audio and text, on a voluntary basis, illustrating a competency a senior believes he holds and which he wishes to transmit to a junior in the firm. Then, the system organizes and analyses data and generates on the fly microcapsules of courses combined in such a way as to produce units containing independent knowledge. Each capsule lasts about 5 minutes and consists in a smart mix of video, audio and text resources.

This enables a junior to launch a research on a specific notion and consume the course capsule when and where it most suits him, on a mobile or desktop support. After consumption, he assesses each learning resource on different criteria (usefulness, interest, difficulty etc.). The next time Mocodis identifies a similar request, it will prioritize the resources included in the next capsule, according to their best evaluation.

The MOCODIS-TS platform was developed by the University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO) and can be used for any in-house training in the enterprise environment.

We will perform a demonstration of the application, provide scenarii on how to use the system and present feedback from the organizations that wish to use MOCODIS in-house.
Cutting Edge: Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Late-Stage Lupus Mice Defective in Producing IFN-α
Authors: Liao Xiaofeng , Li Song , Settlage Robert E. , Sun Sha , Ren Jingjing , Reihl Alec M. , Zhang Husen , Karyala Saikumar V. , Reilly Christopher M. , Ahmed S. Ansar , Luo Xin M. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are professional type I IFN producers believed to promote lupus. However, questions exist about whether they function at the same level throughout the course of lupus disease. We analyzed high-purity pDCs sorted from lupus mice. Although pDCs produced a large amount of IFN-α during disease initiation, those sorted from late-stage lupus mice were found to be defective in producing IFN-α. These pDCs expressed an increased level of MHC, suggesting a functional drift to Ag presentation. We examined the potential mechanism behind the defect and identified a novel transcriptional factor, Foxj2, which repressed the expression of several genes in pDCs, but not IFN-α. Dysregulation in pDCs appears to be predisposed, because they exhibited an altered transcriptional profile before the onset of clinical signs. Our results suggest that pDCs do not function the same throughout the disease course and lose the ability to produce IFN-α in late-stage lupus mice.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in oral cancers: Selecting the right patients
Authors: Vishak S , Rangarajan Bharath , Kekatpure Vikram D. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe standard of care treatment for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) at present, consist of surgical resection followed by adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy as indicated. Despite recent advances the overall prognosis remains guarded. Role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy is being explored with premise of reducing extent of surgical resection, improving loco-regional control and decreasing distant metastasis, thereby improving treatment outcomes by decreasing mortality and morbidity. However, indications of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in oral cancers are not clearly defined. Majority of studies have failed to demonstrate a significant benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in terms of loco regional control and overall survival in resectable OSCC. In a select subset of patients with locally very advanced and unresectable OSCC, neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been shown to cause tumor shrinkage and improve resectability. These hypothesis generating findings of reduction in distant metastasis, improved resectability and functional outcome, however need further validation. In summary, the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for OSCC remains investigational and has a limited role outside clinical trial.
Power Hydrogen Evaluation of Apexification Materials: EndoCal 10, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Calasept Plus
Authors: Çiçek Ersan , Bodrumlu Emre 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Aim
The present study was to evaluate pH values of apexification materials.

Materials and methods
The materials were placed in 1 cm long and 4 mm diameter tubes. After sample immersion, glass flasks were hermetically sealed with rubber caps to attenuate any effects of external environmental factors and maintained at 37°C. The power hydrogen of the pastes was measured 1 hour, 3 hours, 8 hours, 24 hours, 72 hours and 7 days after preparation. pH was calibrated with solutions of known pH (7.0). Mann-Whitney test were used to determine significant differences.

Results
The mean pH of all medications was < 12.0 throughout the experiment. At 24 hours, EndoCal 10 had the highest pH of all the materials (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
A ccording t o t he r esults o btained, i t m ay b e concluded that calcium oxide (EndoCal 10) presented the higest pH compared with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Calasept Plus [Ca(OH)2].

Clinical significance
Apexification is an important treatment in immature teeth. For this reason, used materials in apexification should have some properties, such as high pH and stimulating to be hard tissue. Therefore, the material should be chosen carefully in apexification of immature teeth.

How to cite this article
Çiçek E, Bodrumlu E. Power Hydrogen Evaluation of Apexification Materials: EndoCal 10, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Calasept Plus. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):463-467.
A Novel Approach for the Reimbursement of Permanent Partial Dental Disability Following Dental Injury
Authors: Nehme Edgar , Jad Sami 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT
Reimbursement of long-term permanent disability following a dental injury can lead to claims and legal involvement by the injured person. This will delay the treatment the patient's quality of life and the court system. A new formula has been hypothesized to address the problem. This might help the stakeholders including patients, insurance companies. The details of calculating the index and its significance are discussed. Implication studies are mandatory to refine the proposed hypothesis.

How to cite this article
Ayoub F, Nehme E, Jad S, Salameh Z. A Novel Approach for the Reimbursement of Permanent Partial Dental Disability Following Dental Injury. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):504-506.
Mandibular First Premolars with One Root and Three Canals: A Case Series
Authors: Jafarzadeh Hamid , Daneshvar Farzaneh , Baziar Hani , Karkehabadi Hamed 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThe possibility of extra canals in mandibular premolars is quite low; however, it must be taken into account in clinical and radiographic evaluations during root canal treatment. This case series describes the presence of one root and three canals in mandibular premolars in three patients. The case series underlines the importance of complete knowledge about root canal morphology and possible variations to increase the ability of clinicians to treat difficult cases.How to cite this articleDaneshvar F, Baziar H, Karkehabadi H, Jafarzadeh H, Bhandi S, Patil S. Mandibular First Premolars with One Root and Three Canals: A Case Series. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):519-522.
iPad at School: A Holistic Evaluation of the Opinions of Students, Teachers and Parents Concerning iPad Usage
Authors: Ağır Ahmet 
Published: October 2015

<p>The present study contains data collected via end of the year assessments concerning iPad applications created especially for primary schools, and includes analyses of the data. To integrate smart board usage in primary school lessons, various applications were developed to ensure the synchronization of the smart boards and iPads. These applications were used by both students and teachers in class sessions throughout the academic year. At the end of the academic year, the usage of the iPad in the classes, the effects of iPad on class activities and teaching methods; and the opinions of the students, teachers and parents on iPad usage at academics in an educational context were sought and evaluated. </p>
Cultural Conversations: Woolf's 1927 Review of Hemingway
Authors: Tyler Lisa 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT
In 1927 Virginia Woolf reviewed Ernest Hemingway's Men without Women for the Sunday Books supplement of the New York Herald Tribune. Woolf envisioned her review as a conversation with the author to help him or her improve future work—a cultural conversation, to use Patrick Collier's term. By publishing in the Herald Tribune, she wrote for a venue popular with American expatriates, one Hemingway and his friends were likely to read. Perhaps as a result of the review, both Hemingway and Woolf began to develop their own aesthetics, in Death in the Afternoon and A Room of One's Own, respectively.
Freespinsters and Bondspinsters: Negotiating Identity Categories in the Freewoman
Authors: McMahon Shannon 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT
This article examines “spinster” as an identity category circulated, negotiated, and ultimately dismantled in the Freewoman. In articles and correspondence, contributors and readers brought different rhetorical strategies to the discussion: while the editors helped to put the term to death, the readers sought to infuse the term with new life. This article argues that considering the journal's numerous conversational threads about spinsterhood enables scholars to appreciate not only an understudied identity category within Edwardian feminist discourse, but also the ethos of this and other periodicals that rely heavily on informed reader participation and input.
Digitalisering: kans of bedreiging voor wetgeving?
Authors: Schermer Bart 
Published: October 2015

Digitization: threat or opportunity for legislation?
In this article Bart Schermer, describes the difficulties in regulating the internet. The global reach of the internet, the fact that it is for the most part owned by private actors and creates opportunities for anonymity challenge regulators. The article describes issues related to sovereignty and jurisdiction, ambiguity in legal texts and dependence on private sector actors. Possible solutions lie in global internet governance, institutional innovation and the internet’s architecture itself.
Wetgeving, empirisch-juridisch onderzoek en Legal Big Data
Authors: Leeuw Frans L. 
Published: October 2015

Legislation, empirical legal research and legal big data
A second empirical revolution in law is in full swing: legal big data have made their entrance and will play an increasingly important role in the legal field. Legal big data, for example, increase the accessibility and transparency of files. They make it easier for legislators to find out how society views proposed legislation. Using big data, all jurisprudence can be processed very easily and judicial decisions can be predicted with a high degree of certainty. The contribution concludes with a number of legal and ethical issues and methodological challenges in relation to legal big data, such as ownership, privacy and representativeness.
SharePoint picture library as a searchable photo database in a small library: a program description
Authors: Harron Tanya 
Published: October 2015

In the digital age, librarians are being consulted on unique projects that are outside of the traditional role of responding to information requests. This paper examines the role of a solo health librarian who was tasked with locating and creating a digital photo database for her organization’s small collection of digital photographs, clipart and logos. This paper discusses the selection of SharePoint picture library as the organization’s photo repository, the steps taken by the librarian to create the database, issues with cataloguing the collection, and pros and cons of the software
Genetic characteristics of the common dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius) using microsatellites in Lithuania
Authors: Morkutė Kamilė , Paulauskas Algimantas , Gedminas Vaclovas 
Published: October 2015

Population genetic analysis becomes more and more popular as a tool to use in animal conservation (Broquet, Petit, 2009). The common or hazel dormouse (<i>Muscardinus avellanarius</i>) is a member of the rodent family <i>Gliridae</i> (Juškaitis, 2008a). These rodents are vulnerable to natural habitat changes, and because of this monitoring of the common dormouse was carried out in many countries (Bright et al., 2006), but there is still lack of genetic data. It is well known that microsatellites are being used to investigate the genetic structure of natural populations (Balloux, Lugon-Moulin, 2002). In our study we used 5 microsatellite primers to investigate 17 common dormouse samples from different places in Lithuania and Latvia. For DNA extraction non-invasive hair samples were used. The results show that the Mav023 primer with 13 alleles is the most informative primer, while the Mav002 primer with 2 alleles is the least informative one. The expected heterozygosity (He) per locus was between 0.5 and 0.743, and the observed heterozygosity (Ho) per locus was between 0.463 and 1, except Mav005 with 0.257.
Study of the genetic diversity of Iranian honey bee (Apis mellifera meda Skorikow, 1829) populations using the mtDNA COI–COII intergenic region
Authors: Rahimi Ataollah 
Published: October 2015

Determining the genetic diversity amongst the populations of honey bee is one of the essential and important aims in race breeding of this useful insect. In the present study, the genetic diversity of the intergenic region COI–COII of mtDNA of the honey bee populations in the South of Iran has been studied. We used the PCR-RFLP technique, and 60 worker honey bees were collected from 6 provinces (Sistan and Baluchestan, Kerman, Fars, Hormozgan, Bushehr and Khuzestan) of Iran. Their DNA were extracted using a salting out method. To do PCR, 25 microliters of one pair of primers plus mtDNA were used. To ascertain the results of PCR, the PCR products were electrophoresed using 1.5% Agarose Gel. Thereafter, the <i>Dra</i>I restriction enzyme was used for enzymatic digestion of the PCR product. The result of this digestion was to produce 4 diverse pieces (44, 55, 64 and 430 bp) of enzymatic restriction fragment patterns. The results obtained from this study showed that using <i>Dra</i>I restriction enzyme digestion, the honey bee populations in the South of Iran belonged to the C mtDNA lineage (this honey bee race group consists of Central Mediterranean and South East European honey bee populations). Another result obtained from this study indicated the absence of genetic diversity between the samples collected from the South of Iran.
The Pashtrik Mountain, a potential protected landscape area
Authors: Mustafa Behxhet , Hajdari Avni , Mala Xhavit , Veselaj Zeqir , Pulaj Bledar , Mustafa Ndriçim 
Published: October 2015

The Pashtrik Mountain is one of the biodiversity centres in Kosovo and in the Balkans too, but so far there has not been a proper study with the aim to designate this area as a protected area. The natural values of this area changed dramatically during the last decade, especially in terms of biodiversity. With the aim to evaluate the current situation of the biodiversity, its flora, fauna, and plant communities were investigated. Its biodiversity values were assessed based on the review of the available relevant literature sources as well as the field research conducted during the period 2012– 2014. The study results show that the Pashtrik Mountain is rich in biodiversity values associated with a high diversity of ecosystems, landscape and other natural values. On the other hand, due to the lack of a protection status and appropriate biodiversity conservation programs, many of the species are threatened and some of them are critically endangered. Taking into consideration the natural values, the biodiversity and landscape of the area based on the provisions of the Law for Nature Conservation of Kosovo (Law No. 02/L18) Pashtrik should be declared as “Protected Landscape” that belongs to the category V protected areas according to IUCN, with an area of 25,060.00 hectares. Within the proposed protected area, a territory of 282 hectares should be declared as Strict Nature Reserve (1st category of protected areas of IUCN), since it is an area inhabited by the population of the steno-endemic plant species <i>Cynoglossum krasniqii</i> T. Wrab. Furthermore, the area needs the development of its spatial and management plan covering all aspects of vegetation, biodiversity, water, energy, waste, building and infrastructure in consultation and participation of all stakeholders, addressing related problems, such as illegal logging, constructions, transport, waste management, etc.