bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parallel Scheduling of Task Trees with Limited Memory
Authors: Eyraud-Dubois Lionel , Marchal Loris , Sinnen Oliver , Vivien Frédéric 
Published: June 2015

This article investigates the execution of tree-shaped task graphs using multiple processors. Each edge of such a tree represents some large data. A task can only be executed if all input and output data fit into memory, and a data can only be removed from memory after the completion of the task that uses it as an input data. Such trees arise in the multifrontal method of sparse matrix factorization. The peak memory needed for the processing of the entire tree depends on the execution order of the tasks. With one processor, the objective of the tree traversal is to minimize the required memory. This problem was well studied, and optimal polynomial algorithms were proposed.
Here, we extend the problem by considering multiple processors, which is of obvious interest in the application area of matrix factorization. With multiple processors comes the additional objective to minimize the time needed to traverse the tree—that is, to minimize the makespan. Not surprisingly, this problem proves to be much harder than the sequential one. We study the computational complexity of this problem and provide inapproximability results even for unit weight trees. We design a series of practical heuristics achieving different trade-offs between the minimization of peak memory usage and makespan. Some of these heuristics are able to process a tree while keeping the memory usage under a given memory limit. The different heuristics are evaluated in an extensive experimental evaluation using realistic trees.
Finite element modelling of off-road tyres for radial tyre model parameterization
Authors: Conradie Johannes Martinus , Els Pieter Schalk , Heyns Philippus Stephanus 
Published: June 2015

This paper investigates the possibility of using a coarse finite element model with bulk material properties, to model the vertical force–displacement characteristics of a tyre, for the purpose of tyre model parameterization. The paper proves the approach on an off-road tyre of a light truck. The practical application is intended, however, for very large tyres where physical testing is not feasible. The paper indicates that it is feasible to obtain bulk material properties from tensile tests on specimens cut from different positions on a tyre and to use these test results to parameterize suitable non-linear anisotropic material models. The non-linear elements defined in the neo-Hookean model and the Ogden model, as well as the elements with different linear orthogonal stiffnesses, are combined with each other to simulate the global material properties of the tread and the sidewall of the tyre. The global behaviour of the finite element model is analysed by comparing experimental results and simulation data on a flat surface as well as various lateral and longitudinal cleats. The results confirm that the finite element model can predict with acceptable accuracy the vertical force–displacement characteristics, as well as the sidewall deformation of the tyre under static loading conditions on a flat surface and also on various different cleats, by using equivalent (global) material properties. The approach is sufficiently accurate to be used in the parameterization of various tyre models.
Effects of Newly Designed Hospital Buildings on Staff Perceptions
Authors: Schreuder Eliane , van Heel Liesbeth , Goedhart Rien , Dusseldorp Elise , Schraagen Jan Maarten , Burdorf Alex 
Published: June 2015

Objective: This study investigates effects of the newly built nonpatient-related buildings of a large university medical center on staff perceptions and whether the design objectives were achieved. Background: The medical center is gradually renewing its hospital building area of 200,000 m.2 This redevelopment is carefully planned and because lessons learned can guide design decisions of the next phase, the medical center is keen to evaluate the performance of the new buildings. Method: A pre- and post-study with a control group was conducted. Prior to the move to the new buildings an occupancy evaluation was carried out in the old setting ( n = 729) (pre-study). Post occupation of the new buildings another occupancy evaluation (post-study) was carried out in the new setting (intervention group) and again in some old settings (control group) ( n = 664). The occupancy evaluation consisted of an online survey that measured the perceived performance of different aspects of the building. Longitudinal multilevel analysis was used to compare the performance of the old buildings with the new buildings. Results: Significant improvements were found in indoor climate, perceived safety, working environment, well-being, facilities, sustainability, and overall satisfaction. Commitment to the employer, working atmosphere, orientation, work performance, and knowledge sharing did not improve. The results were interpreted by relating them to specific design choices. Conclusion: We showed that it is possible to measure the performance improvements of a complex intervention being a new building design and validate design decisions. A focused design process aiming for a safe, pleasant and sustainable building resulted in actual improvements in some of the related performance measures.
Loving Nature From the Inside Out
Authors: McGee Beth , Marshall-Baker Anna 
Published: June 2015

Objective: The development of the Biophilic Design Matrix (BDM) was to aid designers or other specialists in identifying and quantifying biophilic features through a visual inventory of interior spaces. Background: With mounting evidence to support the healing attributes of biophilic environments, we propose a method to identify biophilic content within interior spaces. Such a strategy offers much promise to the advancement of restorative environments. Methods: The BDM was based on Stephen Kellert’s biophilic design attribute list and modified to be appropriate for interior environments, specifically children’s healthcare spaces. A photo-ethnographic documentation method of 24 child life play spaces within a South Atlantic state was used to determine whether the BDM could reliably reveal biophilic features (listed as attributes by Kellert in 2008). Results: This matrix appears useful in documenting biophilia within the pediatric healthcare context, attesting to the usability and functionality of the BDM for this special population. Specifically, the BDM revealed that biophilic attributes were constantly present in some spaces while others were completely absent. When a biophilic attribute was present, the BDM indicated that they varied considerably in type and occurrence. Thus, use of the BDM in the hospital areas designed for patient recreation and play successfully provided a visual inventory of biophilic features as well as the frequency of application. Conclusions: Further use of the BDM as a tool for strategizing biophilic feature inclusion can thus increase the connections available with nature in the interior, beneficial for optimizing health and wellness.
Hospital Patient Room Design
Authors: Lavender Steven A. , Sommerich Carolyn M. , Patterson Emily S. , Sanders Elizabeth B.-N. , Evans Kevin D. , Park Sanghyun , Umar Radin Zaid Radin , Li Jing 
Published: June 2015

Objective: The aim of this study was to learn from a wide range of hospital staff members about how the design of the patient room in which they work adversely affects their ergonomics or hinders their job performance. Background: In addition to providing a healing space for patients, hospital patient rooms need to serve as functional workplaces for the people who provide clinical care, to clean, or to maintain room functions. Therefore, from a design perspective, it is important to understand the needs of all the users of hospital patient rooms with regard to room design. Method: One hundred forty-seven people, representing 23 different occupational stakeholder groups, participated in either focus groups or interviews in which they were asked to identify room design issues that affect the performance of their work tasks. Results: Key issues shared across multiple stakeholder groups included an inability to have eye contact with the patient when entering the room, inadequate space around the bed for the equipment used by stakeholders, the physical demands experienced as stakeholders move furnishings to accomplish their activities or access equipment, and a lack of available horizontal surfaces. Unique issues were also identified for a number of stakeholder groups. Conclusions: There are a number of issues that should be addressed in the next generation of hospital patient rooms, or when refurbishing existing facilities, so that all occupational stakeholder groups can work effectively, efficiently, and without undue physical stress.
Evidence-Based and Value-Based Decision Making About Healthcare Design
Authors: Zadeh Rana , Sadatsafavi Hessam , Xue Ryan 
Published: June 2015

Objective: This study describes a vision and framework that can facilitate the implementation of evidence-based design (EBD), scientific knowledge base into the process of the design, construction, and operation of healthcare facilities and clarify the related safety and quality outcomes for the stakeholders. The proposed framework pairs EBD with value-driven decision making and aims to improve communication among stakeholders by providing a common analytical language. Background: Recent EBD research indicates that the design and operation of healthcare facilities contribute to an organization’s operational success by improving safety, quality, and efficiency. However, because little information is available about the financial returns of evidence-based investments, such investments are readily eliminated during the capital-investment decision-making process. Method: To model the proposed framework, we used engineering economy tools to evaluate the return on investments in six successful cases, identified by a literature review, in which facility design and operation interventions resulted in reductions in hospital-acquired infections, patient falls, staff injuries, and patient anxiety. Results: In the evidence-based cases, calculated net present values, internal rates of return, and payback periods indicated that the long-term benefits of interventions substantially outweighed the intervention costs. This article explained a framework to develop a research-based and value-based communication language on specific interventions along the planning, design and construction, operation, and evaluation stages. Conclusions: Evidence-based and value-based design frameworks can be applied to communicate the life-cycle costs and savings of EBD interventions to stakeholders, thereby contributing to more informed decision makings and the optimization of healthcare infrastructures.
Amelioration of deficit syndrome of schizophrenia by norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Authors: Shoja Shafti Saeed , Jafarabad Mohammad Sadeghe , Azizi Reza 
Published: June 2015

Objective: Negative symptoms are a significant barrier to successful functional outcome and recovery in individuals with schizophrenia and their management is not unproblematic. Reboxetine is a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI). Previous studies regarding the useful effects of reboxetine on deficit symptoms of schizophrenia have resulted in inconsistent results. The present study therefore evaluated the effectiveness of reboxetine as an adjunctive treatment in a group of schizophrenic patients with prominent negative symptoms. Method: A total of 50 male inpatients meeting diagnosis of schizophrenia entered into a 12-week parallel group, double-blind study for random assignment to reboxetine ( n = 25 patients) or placebo ( n = 25 patients). The inclusion criterion, in addition to the diagnosis of schizophrenia, was the existence of obvious negative symptoms for a duration of at least 2 years. The Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) was used as the primary outcome measure. The Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS), Simpson Angus Scale (SAS), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) were used for comparison of the intervening parameters in this study. Results: According to the findings, 76% of patients in the target group showed some positive response to reboxetine compared with 24% in the control group ( p < 0.01). The mean total score of SANS in the reboxetine group decreased significantly from 79.94 ± 1.20 to 74.23 ± 4.07 ( p < 0.0001) at the end of the study; such an improvement was not significant in the placebo group with a decrease from 80.42 ± 2.46 to 79.08 ± 5.83 ( p < 0.29). Changes of SAPS were insignificant in both groups. Effect size analysis for changes of SANS at the end of assessment indicated a large improvement with reboxetine (Cohen’s d = 2.91). Conclusion: Reboxetine, as an adjuvant to haloperidol, may have a helpful effect on the deficit syndrome of schizophrenia.
Uso da fixação interna rígida em fraturas de mão. Use of internal rigid fixation in hand fractures.
Authors: Silva Joaquim José de Lima , Lima Antonia Artemisa Aurélio Soares , Maia Rafael Costa Lima , Melo Igor Furtado Sioares 
Published: June 2015

Introdução: Diversas técnicas são utilizadas no manejo de pacientes com fraturas de mão, tendo o cirurgião plástico o papel capital para evitar sequelas típicas dessa condição. Abordamos a fixação interna rígida utilizando miniplacas de titânio. Metodologia: Analisados 24 casos. A osteossíntese foi realizada por meio da fixação interna rígida, isto é, com o uso de miniplacas e parafusos de titânio, e os pacientes foram encaminhados para tratamento fisioterápico a partir do 15º dia de pós-operatório. Resultados: 69,5% da amostra são provenientes da capital. Acidente de moto, PAF e violência interpessoal foram as principais causas. Os 24 pacientes da amostra tiveram 33 ossos da mão fraturados: 18 metacarpos, nove falanges proximais e quatro falanges distais. O 5º metacarpo foi o osso mais acometido, seguidos pelo 4º e 2º metacarpos. A combinação de uma placa com quatro parafusos foi utilizada em 67,7% dos ossos da amostra aqui analisada. Em três, foram utilizados parafusos do tipo Lag-Screw. Conclusão: A técnica apresentada confere uma maior estabilidade, o que possibilita uma melhor reabilitação da mão fraturada.
High-resolution 7-Tesla fMRI data on the perception of musical genres – an extension to the studyforrest dataset
Authors: Hanke Michael , Dinga Richard , Häusler Christian , Guntupalli J. Swaroop , Casey Michael , Kaule Falko R. , Stadler Jörg 
Published: June 2015

Here we present an extension to the studyforrest dataset – a versatile resource for studying the behavior of the human brain in situations of real-life complexity (http://studyforrest.org). This release adds more high-resolution, ultra high-field (7 Tesla) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from the same individuals. The twenty participants were repeatedly stimulated with a total of 25 music clips, with and without speech content, from five different genres using a slow event-related paradigm. The data release includes raw fMRI data, as well as precomputed structural alignments for within-subject and group analysis. In addition to fMRI, simultaneously recorded cardiac and respiratory traces, as well the complete implementation of the stimulation paradigm, including stimuli, are provided. An initial quality control analysis reveals distinguishable patterns of response to individual genres throughout a large expanse of areas known to be involved in auditory and speech processing. The present data can be used to, for example, generate encoding models for music perception that can be validated against the previously released fMRI data from stimulation with the “Forrest Gump” audio-movie and its rich musical content. In order to facilitate replicative and derived works, only free and open-source software was utilized.
Information Sharing in Supply Chains: An Empirical and Theoretical Valuation
Authors: Cui Ruomeng , Allon Gad , Bassamboo Achal , Van Mieghem Jan A. 
Published: June 2015

We provide an empirical and theoretical assessment of the value of information sharing in a two-stage supply chain. The value of downstream sales information to the upstream firm stems from improving upstream order fulfillment forecast accuracy. Such an improvement can lead to lower safety stock and better service. Based on the data collected from a consumer packaged goods company, we empirically show that, if the company includes the downstream sales data to forecast orders, the improvement in the mean squared forecast error ranges from 7.1% to 81.1% across all studied products. Theoretical models in the literature, however, suggest that the value of information sharing should be zero for over half of our studied products. To reconcile the gap between the literature and the empirical observations, we develop a new theoretical model. Whereas the literature assumes that the decision maker strictly adheres to a given inventory policy, our model allows him to deviate, accounting for private information held by the decision maker, yet unobservable to the econometrician. This turns out to reconcile our empirical findings with the literature. These “decision deviations” lead to information losses in the order process, resulting in a strictly positive value of downstream information sharing. Furthermore, we empirically quantify and show the significance of the value of operations knowledge—the value of knowing the downstream replenishment policy.This paper was accepted by Serguei Netessine, operations management.
El nacimiento de las corporaciones azucareras en Guanacaste, 1890-1970
Authors: Marchena Sanabria Jorge 
Published: June 2015

<p>Resumen</p><p>El presente artículo revisa la trayectoria de las centrales azucareras guanacastecas, principalmente el ingenio Taboga y la Azucarera El Viejo, entre 1958 y 1970, es decir su periodo fundacional. Para ello, se analiza el origen del cultivo de la caña en el Pacífico Seco a finales del siglo XIX, los intereses estatales por encontrar alternativas exportables al café, así como los poderosos intereses públicos y privados que consideraban a la cuenca del Tempisque como el lugar idóneo para instalar agroindustrias mecanizadas. Asimismo, de la mano del naciente Estado Interventor de la década de 1950 y junto a conspicuas alianzas políticas, se fraguó el nacimiento de las citadas empresas. Para realizar este trabajo se partió de un marco teórico afín a los estudios del Poder y se revisaron fuentes de archivo, hemerográficas e informes institucionales.</p><p> </p><p>The rise of the sugar corporations in Guanacaste, 1890-1970</p><p> </p><p>Abstract</p><p>This article reviews the history of Guanacaste sugar mills, mainly with Ingenio Taboga and Azucarera El Viejo, between 1958 and 1970, its founding period. To this end, the origin of cane cultivation is discussed in the Pacific Dry in the late nineteenth century, state interests to find alternatives to coffee, and the powerful public and private interests who considered Tempisque basin as the ideal place to install mechanized agribusiness. Also, with the help of the “Welfare State” of the 1950s and with conspicuous political alliances, the emergence of these companies was forged. To make this work the main reference was based on the theories of Power and archival sources, newspapers and institutional reports were reviewed.</p>
Transoral Robotic Cleft Palate Surgery
Authors: Nadjmi Nasser 
Published: June 2015

Objective This study aimed to assess the safety and feasibility of transoral robotic surgery for the reconstruction of soft palatal clefts. Design The application of transoral robotic surgery for soft palate muscle reconstruction was investigated. The da Vinci Surgical Robot was first used on a cadaver to assess the optimal positioning of the patient and the robot. The robot was then used for the dissection and reconstruction of palatal muscles in 10 consecutive patients with palatal clefts. The procedures were documented using video and still photography. A group of 30 control patients were subjected to surgery with manual instruments. Surgical and clinical outcomes were evaluated with at least 6 months of follow-up (8 ± 1 months). Results The use of the surgical robot on a cadaver provided great dexterity and excellent 3D depth perception. The transoral access was efficient and safe for the precise dissection, reorientation, and suturing of palatal muscles. In our series, the surgical duration was longer for the robotic approach than for the manual approach (87 ± 6 minutes versus 122 ± 8 minutes, P < .0001). No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred in either group. Conclusions A robotic surgical approach can be used safely for palatal surgery. We believe that the precise dissection of the palatal muscles provided by the robotic system might reduce damage to the vascularization and innervation of these muscles, as well as damage to the mucosal surfaces that could cause fistula formation. In addition, this technique might improve palatal function and Eustachian tube function in cleft palate patients.
Speech, Language, and Reading in 10-Year-Olds with Cleft: Associations with Teasing, Satisfaction with Speech, and Psychological Adjustment
Authors: Feragen Kristin Billaud , Særvold Tone Kristin , Aukner Ragnhild , Stock Nicola Marie 
Published: June 2015

Background Despite the use of multidisciplinary services, little research has addressed issues involved in the care of those with cleft lip and/or palate across disciplines. The aim was to investigate associations between speech, language, reading, and reports of teasing, subjective satisfaction with speech, and psychological adjustment. Design Cross-sectional data collected during routine, multidisciplinary assessments in a centralized treatment setting, including speech and language therapists and clinical psychologists. Participants Children with cleft with palatal involvement aged 10 years from three birth cohorts (N = 170) and their parents. Outcome Measures Speech: SVANTE-N. Language: Language 6-16 (sentence recall, serial recall, vocabulary, and phonological awareness). Reading: Word Chain Test and Reading Comprehension Test. Psychological measures: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and extracts from the Satisfaction With Appearance Scale and Child Experience Questionnaire. Results Reading skills were associated with self- and parent-reported psychological adjustment in the child. Subjective satisfaction with speech was associated with psychological adjustment, while not being consistently associated with speech therapists’ assessments. Parent-reported teasing was found to be associated with lower levels of reading skills. Having a medical and/or psychological condition in addition to the cleft was found to affect speech, language, and reading significantly. Conclusions Cleft teams need to be aware of speech, language, and/or reading problems as potential indicators of psychological risk in children with cleft. This study highlights the importance of multiple reports (self, parent, and specialist) and a multidisciplinary approach to cleft care and research.