bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity and structure ofJatropha curcasL. in its centre of origin
Authors: Salvador-Figueroa M. , Magaña-Ramos J. , Vázquez-Ovando J. A. , Adriano-Anaya M. L. , Ovando-Medina I. 
Published: March 2014

To investigate the genetic diversity and structure ofJatropha curcasL. oilseed plant, in this study, native populations from Chiapas, Mexico, were evaluated, using microsatellite DNA markers. A total of 93 representative samples were selected from seven sites in two regions in the state of Chiapas grouped by geographical proximity, where leaf samples were collected to isolate the genomic DNA. Individual polymerase chain reactions were carried out with ten pairs of specific oligonucleotides for the microsatellites ofJ. curcas, separating the products of amplification by acrylamide electrophoresis. Twenty-seven fragments were detected (77% polymorphic) with which heterozygous individuals were distinguished. The most informative microsatellite wasJcps20(nine alleles, polymorphic index content 0.354). The average polymorphism per population was 58%. The Hardy–Weinberg tests revealed a reproductive pattern of non-random mating. The diversity descriptors and the analysis of molecular variance revealed that the populations were structured and moderately differentiated (FST0.087) and that this differentiation was not due to isolation by distance, as the Mantel test was not significant (P= 0.137), but rather due to allopatry. Bayesian analysis revealed that the accessions belonged to only four genetic groups and confirmed the differentiation between the regions. Because some loci were in Hardy–Weinberg disequilibrium, it is proposed that differentiation is due to the clonal reproduction ofJ. curcaspractised by farmers in Chiapas, along with the anthropogenic dispersion at regional levels. The results of this study reveal thatJ. curcasin Chiapas has genetic diversity that is greater than that reported in other parts of the world, which represents a potential germplasm pool for the selection of genotypes.
Temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma cells occurs partly through epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated induction of connexin 43
Authors: Munoz J L , Rodriguez-Cruz V , Greco S J , Ramkissoon S H , Ligon K L , Rameshwar P 
Published: March 2014

AbstractGlioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive adult primary brain tumor with poor prognosis. GBM patients develop resistance to the frontline chemotherapy, temozolomide (TMZ). As the connexins (Cx) have been shown to have a complex role in GBM, we investigated the role of Cx43 in TMZ resistance. Cx43 was increased in the TMZ-resistant low passage and cell lines. This correlated with the data in The Cancer Genome Atlas. Cx43 knockdown, reporter gene assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, real-time PCR and western blots verified a role for Cx43 in TMZ resistance. This occurred by TMZ-resistant GBM cells being able to activate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In turn, EGFR activated the JNK-ERK1/2-AP-1 axis to induce Cx43. The increased Cx43 was functional as indicated by gap junctional intercellular communication among the resistant GBM cells. Cell therapy could be a potential method to deliver drugs, such as anti-EGF to tumor cells. Similar strategies could be used to reverse the expression of Cx43 to sensitize GBM cells to TMZ. The studies showed the potential for targeting EGF in immune therapy. These agents can be used in conjunction with stem cell therapy to treat GBM.
Correlation between viral production and carbon mineralization under nitrate-reducing conditions in aquifer sediment
Authors: Pan Donald , Watson Rachel , Wang Dake , Tan Zheng Huan , Snow Daniel D , Weber Karrie A 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
A variety of microbially mediated metabolic pathways impact biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial subsurface environments. However, the role that viruses have in influencing microbial mortality and microbial community structure is poorly understood. Here we investigated the production of viruses and change in microbial community structure within shallow alluvial aquifer sediment slurries amended with 13C-labeled acetate and nitrate. Biostimulation resulted in production of viruses concurrent with acetate oxidation, 13CO2 production and nitrate reduction. Interestingly, change in viral abundance was positively correlated to acetate consumption (r2=0.6252, P&lt;0.05) and 13CO2 production (r2=0.6572, P&lt;0.05); whereas change in cell abundance was not correlated to acetate consumption or 13CO2 production. Viral-mediated cell lysis has implications for microbial community structure. Betaproteobacteria predominated microbial community composition (62% of paired-end reads) upon inoculation but decreased in relative abundance and was negatively correlated to changes in viral abundance (r2=0.5036, P&lt;0.05). As members of the Betaproteobacteria decreased, Gammaproteobacteria, specifically Pseudomonas spp., increased in relative abundance (82% of paired-end reads) and was positively correlated with the change in viral abundance (r2=0.5368, P&lt;0.05). A nitrate-reducing bacterium, Pseudomonas sp. strain Alda10, was isolated from these sediments and produced viral-like particles with a filamentous morphology that did not result in cell lysis. Together, these results indicate that viruses are linked to carbon biogeochemistry and community structure in terrestrial subsurface sediments. The subsequent cell lysis has the potential to alter available carbon pools in subsurface environments, additionally controlling microbial community structure from the bottom-up.
Resonant metasurfaces at oblique incidence: interplay of order and disorder
Authors: Albooyeh M. , Kruk S. , Menzel C. , Helgert C. , Kroll M. , Krysinski A. , Decker M. , Neshev D. N. , Pertsch T. , Etrich C. , Rockstuhl C. , Tretyakov S. A. , Simovski C. R. , Kivshar Yu. S. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractUnderstanding the impact of order and disorder is of fundamental importance to perceive and to appreciate the functionality of modern photonic metasurfaces. Metasurfaces with disordered and amorphous inner arrangements promise to mitigate problems that arise for their counterparts with strictly periodic lattices of elementary unit cells such as, e.g., spatial dispersion and allows the use of fabrication techniques that are suitable for large scale and cheap fabrication of metasurfaces. In this study, we analytically, numerically and experimentally investigate metasurfaces with different lattice arrangements and uncover the influence of lattice disorder on their electromagnetic properties. The considered metasurfaces are composed of metal-dielectric-metal elements that sustain both electric and magnetic resonances. Emphasis is placed on understanding the effect of the transition of the lattice symmetry from a periodic to an amorphous state and on studying oblique illumination. For this scenario, we develop a powerful analytical model that yields, for the first time, an adequate description of the scattering properties of amorphous metasurfaces, paving the way for their integration into future applications.
Inositol phosphates induce DAPI fluorescence shift
Authors: Kolozsvari Bernadett , Parisi Federica , Saiardi Adolfo 
Published: March 2014

The polymer inorganic polyP (polyphosphate) and inositol phosphates, such as IP6 (inositol hexakisphosphate; also known as phytic acid), share many biophysical features. These similarities must be attributed to the phosphate groups present in these molecules. Given the ability of polyP to modify the excitation–emission spectra of DAPI we decided to investigate whether inositol phosphates possess the same property. We discovered that DAPI–IP6 complexes emit at approximately 550 nm when excited with light of wavelength 410–420 nm. IP5 (inositol pentakisphosphate) is also able to induce a similar shift in DAPI fluorescence. Conversely, IP3 (inositol trisphosphate) and IP4 (inositol tetrakisphosphate) are unable to shift DAPI fluorescence. We have employed this newly discovered feature of DAPI to study the enzymatic activity of the inositol polyphosphate multikinase and to monitor phytase phosphatase reactions. Finally, we used DAPI–IP6 fluorescence to determine the amount of IP6 in plant seeds. Using an IP6 standard curve this straight-forward analysis revealed that among the samples tested, borlotti beans possess the highest level of IP6 (9.4 mg/g of dry mass), whereas the Indian urad bean the lowest (3.2 mg/g of dry mass). The newly identified fluorescence properties of the DAPI–IP5 and DAPI–IP6 complexes allow the levels and enzymatic conversion of these two important messengers to be rapidly and reliably monitored.
AuD Students' Perceptions and Influences Regarding Careers in Independent Practice
Authors: Steiger James R. , Saccone Patricia , Einsporn Richard L. , Cox Carlee A. , Squires Richard M. 
Published: March 2014

Purpose
Independent practice (IP) may be important for the financial stability and autonomy of audiology. The authors sought to identify variables that affect doctor of audiology (AuD) students' decisions to enter IP or another practice setting.

Method
The authors sent a survey link electronically to 1,430 members of the Student Academy of Audiology; 300 returned completed surveys.

Results
Nearly 24% of AuD student participants plan to choose IP immediately upon graduation. Men were more likely than women to choose IP as were those who had an IP rotation and were in the 3rd or 4th year of their AuD program. Important predictors included the survey items “job satisfaction among IP practitioners” and “attractiveness of other specialties”; the “patient contact” perception factor; the “overall job satisfaction” influence factor; and the student age (over 30) demographic variable.

Conclusions
It appears likely that audiology IP rates will remain steady at levels that lag behind the IP rates of other doctoring professions. The authors report some of the variables that appear to have driven current AuD students' career setting choices regarding IP.
Timeliness of Service Delivery for Children With Later-Identified Mild-to-Severe Hearing Loss
Authors: Walker Elizabeth A. , Holte Lenore , Spratford Meredith , Oleson Jacob , Welhaven Anne , Harrison Melody 
Published: March 2014

PurposeIn this study, the authors examined diagnostic and intervention services for children identified with hearing loss (HL) after the newborn period.MethodThe authors compared ages at service delivery and length of delays between service delivery steps for 57 later-identified children with HL and 193 children who referred for assessment from the newborn hearing screen (NHS). For only later-identified children, regression models were used to investigate relationships among predictor variables and dependent variables related to service delivery.ResultsChildren who referred from the NHS received follow-up services at younger ages than later-identified children. Later-identified children had significantly longer delays from HL confirmation to entry into early intervention, compared to children who referred from the NHS. For later-identified children, degree of HL predicted ages at follow-up clinical services. Children with more severe HL received services at younger ages compared to children with milder HL. Gender predicted the length of the delay from confirmation to entry into early intervention, with girls demonstrating shorter delays.ConclusionsThe current results lend support to the need for ongoing hearing monitoring programs after the neonatal period, particularly when children enter early intervention programs because of language/developmental delays.
Direct evidence for activity-dependent glucose phosphorylation in neurons with implications for the astrocyte-to-neuron lactate shuttle
Authors: Patel Anant B. , Lai James C. K. , Chowdhury Golam M. I. , Hyder Fahmeed , Rothman Douglas L. , Shulman Robert G. , Behar Kevin L. 
Published: March 2014

SignificanceA near one-to-one relationship had previously been observed between increments in the fluxes of the glutamate−glutamine neurotransmitter cycle and neuronal glucose oxidation in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. This flux relationship was consistent with a hypothesized mechanism involving glycolytic ATP in astrocytes and astrocyte-to-neuron lactate shuttling. Here, 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose was used to evaluate the glucose flux through glycolysis and the TCA cycle in nerve terminals isolated from the brains of rats under baseline and high-activity conditions. In a direct contradiction of this hypothesis, the results show that nerve terminals metabolize significant amounts of glucose.
Polydispersity-driven topological defects as order-restoring excitations
Authors: Yao Zhenwei , Olvera de la Cruz Monica 
Published: March 2014

Significance
Defects play an essential role in many aspects of materials. To actively introduce defects and to understand their roles in affecting the crystallinity constitutes fundamental problems in materials science. In this paper we report the introduction of topological defects by size polydispersity. Size polydispersity is usually an inevitable feature of a variety of real systems. It is important in several research fields to know how size polydispersity affects the degree of crystallinity and enhances mechanical properties of materials. In this study, the defects are found to be order-restoring excitations protecting the crystalline order. Moreover, they are shown to be crucial for the attraction of impurity particles. The disclosed mechanism may lead to engineering defects by size polydispersity.
Rice BiP3 regulates immunity mediated by the PRRs XA3 and XA21 but not immunity mediated by the NB-LRR protein, Pi5
Authors: Park Chang-Jin , Song Min-Young , Kim Chi-Yeol , Jeon Jong-Seong , Ronald Pamela C. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTPlant innate immunity is mediated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellular NB-LRR (nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat) proteins. Overexpression of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone, luminal-binding protein 3 (BiP3) compromises resistance toXanthomonas oryzaepv.oryzae(Xoo) mediated by the rice PRR XA21 (Park et al., PLoS ONE 5(2): e9262). Here we show that BiP3 overexpression also compromises resistance mediated by rice XA3, a PRR that provides broad-spectrum resistance toXoo. In contrast, BiP3 overexpression has no effect on resistance mediated by rice Pi5, an NB-LRR protein that confers resistance to the fungal pathogenMagnaporthe oryzae(M. oryzae). Our results suggest that rice BiP3 regulates membrane-resident PRR-mediated immunity.
Organizational groupings and performance in project-based organizations
Authors: Bourouni Atieh , Noori Siamak , Jafari Mostafa 
Published: March 2014

Purpose– This study aims to empirically evaluate the impact of interorganizational groupings on corporate performance in project-based organizations.Design/methodology/approach– The study develops and tests a theoretical model whereby groupings include project team, community of practice (CoP), community of interest (CoI), and knowledge network (KN). Organizational performance is supported on financial, process, internal, and cultural aspects. Based on a questionnaire, data was obtained from a sample of 142 companies in North America. The measurement model was tested and confirmed by using structural equation modeling (SEM).Findings– The results confirm the positive effects of knowledge networks and communities of interest. However, the impact of project teams turned out to be negative, and communities of practice were not shown to affect corporate performance. Additionally, the results underscore the importance of organizational networks in creating conditions favorable to a firm's success.Practical implications– It was verified that knowledge networks and communities of interest affect the measures of organizational performance, including financial, process, internal, and cultural performance. This is useful for researchers and executives looking for appropriate outcomes through the implementation of knowledge management initiatives. Furthermore, this study provides a starting point for further research on the role of inter- and intraorganizational networks in project-based organizations.Originality/value– This study claims that a key to performance for project-based organizations is development and management of organizational networks in the form of knowledge networks and communities of interest.
Green supplier appraisement in fuzzy environment
Authors: Kumar Sahu Nitin , Datta Saurav , Sankar Mahapatra Siba 
Published: March 2014

Purpose
– In recent years, stimulated environmental awareness (green consciousness) has favored the emergence of the green supply chain paradigm. Therefore, apart from traditional supplier selection criterions, green criteria are necessarily to be incorporated in the supplier selection problem. In this context, the present study aims to highlight an efficient supplier appraisement platform by considering green performance criteria, in fuzzy environment.

Design/methodology/approach
– The present work exhibits an efficient fuzzy-based supplier performance assessment system using generalized trapezoidal fuzzy numbers set. A fuzzy overall evaluation index has been estimated towards assessing suppliers' green performance extent, thus facilitating supplier appraisement cum selection decision-making.

Findings
– The proposed method has been found efficient for solving the group decision-making problem under uncertain environment due to vagueness, ambiguity associated with decision-makers' subjective judgment. The proposed appraisement platform has been explored by an Indian automobile part manufacturing company at eastern part of India. Suppliers have been evaluated individually to check their performance level with respect to green attributes. Apart from estimating overall performance metric, the model presented here can identify ill-performing areas that necessitate future attention.

Originality/value
– The major contributions of this work have been summarized as follows: Development and implementation of an efficient decision-making procedural hierarchy to support suppliers' green performance extent evaluation. An overall performance metric has been introduced. Concept of generalized trapezoidal fuzzy numbers has been efficiently explored to facilitate such an appraisement cum selection decision-making. The appraisement index system has been extended with the capability to search ill-performing areas that require future progress.
Moments of angst
Authors: M. Fawcett Amydee , E. Fawcett Stanley , Bixby Cooper M. , S. Daynes Kristine 
Published: March 2014

Purpose– Competitive dynamics are placing greater emphasis on customer experience, making the management of the last 100 meters of the supply chain critical to differential performance. Traditionally, supply chain design has emphasized two processes: new product development and order fulfillment. Today, a third process must be designed and managed for competitive advantage. That is, the authors need to learn to design service value systems to enhance the customer experience and promote loyalty and lifetime streams of profit. This research informs the enduring challenge that underlies the delivery of high levels of customer satisfaction by enriching theory related to the design and provision of distinctive customer experience. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach– The critical incident technique (CIT), an inductive method, is employed to explore two core dimensions of expectancy theory and to identify the phenomenological and underlying systems design factors that bring about both positive and negative customer experiences.Findings– The analysis shows that few companies use customer experience as a competitive lever. Customer service failures persist from a lack of managerial commitment and poor service-delivery process design. A holistic view of customer service that emphasizes policy, people, performance measurement, and processes emerges.Originality/value– Identifying and describing the customer-experience system as a third fundamental supply chain process is an important contribution. By linking a CIT approach with cause-and-effect analysis, the authors go beyond the frequently analyzed cognitive phenomenology to identify vital systems design issues. By enhancing the customer experience at the end of the supply chain, greater advantage for all participants in the chain emerges.
Limited gender differences in ethical decision making between demographics in the USA and New Zealand
Authors: M. Fredricks Susan , Tilley Elspeth , Pauknerová Daniela 
Published: March 2014

Purpose
– The literature is divided upon whether a gender difference occurs with respect to ethical decisions. Notable researchers Tannen and Gilligan demonstrated gender difference while subsequent researchers indicate that gender differences are becoming more neutralized. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper analyzes the gender demographic and intercultural influences on ethical decision-making by undergraduate students from New Zealand and the USA through four scenarios.

Findings
– Overall for the USA and New Zealand, this research demonstrates this split as well, since two scenarios showed significance while two did not. The two that demonstrated a significance dealt with personnel issues and a past client relationship. These two scenarios suggested that a relationship orientation and relativistic nature among women may influence their decision making. The two scenarios without significance were less relationship oriented, involving dealing with a customer (a stranger) and a subordinate (implying a professional supervisory responsibility). In addition, the neutrality exhibited in the latter two scenarios may reflect Tannen's illustration that there is a cross-gender influence on decision making. With respect to the geographic location, the USA, when compared with New Zealand, and the gender demographics, only the USA reported significant differences for two scenarios.

Originality/value
– Undergraduate students in the USA provided situations and discussions that resulted in the development of a number of scenarios. Additional research and evaluation of current events, led to a total of ten scenarios with four scenarios yielding business related situations.
Developing safeguarding policy and practice for Spiritual Abuse
Authors: Ruth Oakley Lisa , Susan Kinmond Kathryn 
Published: March 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to report the findings of a ground-breaking survey into people's experiences of church and Spiritual Abuse (SA), in a context of issues of safeguarding and policy.

Design/methodology/approach
– The survey was delivered online between April 2011 and December 2012.

Findings
– The findings showed many people had encountered negative church experiences. Most respondents had very limited knowledge and understanding of SA and related support and intervention.

Research limitations/implications
– This survey represents the views of a small percentage of those who attend, or have attended, church and further more extensive research is required to provide a more comprehensive understanding. Additionally research is required within other faiths and cultural contexts.

Practical implications
– It is evident that there is clearly a need to strengthen current safeguarding policy and practice with regards to SA.

Originality/value
– This paper offers an initial insight into the challenges for safeguarding together with some suggested intervention strategies.