bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BORROWING TO COPE WITH ADVERSE HEALTH EVENTS: LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS, INSURANCE COVERAGE, AND UNSECURED DEBT
Authors: Babiarz Patryk , Widdows Richard , Yilmazer Tansel 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTThis article uses data from the Health and Retirement Study for 1998–2010 to investigate whether households respond to the financial stress caused by health problems by increasing their unsecured debt. Results show both the probability of having unsecured debt and the amount of debt increase after an adverse health event among households with low financial assets, who are uninsured, or who have less generous health insurance. The effect of health problems on borrowing is caused by both medical expenditures and disruptions to the income stream. Unsecured debt seems to remain on some households' balance sheets for an extended period. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A One‐Pot Cross‐Pinacol Coupling/Rearrangement Procedure
Authors: Scheffler Ulf , Mahrwald Rainer 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA new catalytic retro‐pinacol/cross‐pinacol reaction, followed by subsequent rearrangement or deoxygenation of the intermediately formed vicinal diols, is described. This operationally simple one‐pot protocol allows isolation of geminal α,α‐diphenyl ketones or 1,1‐diphenyl alkenes with high yields and selectivities.
A Practical One‐Step Synthesis of 1,2‐Oxazoline Derivatives from Unprotected Sugars and Its Application to Chemoenzymatic β‐N‐Acetylglucosaminidation of Disialo‐oligosaccharide
Authors: Noguchi Masato , Fujieda Tsukasa , Huang Wei Chun , Ishihara Masaki , Kobayashi Atsushi , Shoda Shin‐ichiro 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA facile and practical method for synthesis of sugar oxazolines (=dihydrooxazoles) from the corresponding N‐acetyl‐2‐amino sugars has been developed by using 2‐chloro‐1,3‐dimethyl‐1H‐benzimidazol‐3‐ium chloride (CDMBI) as a dehydrative condensing agent. The intramolecular dehydrative reaction between the 2‐acetamido group and the anomeric OH group of unprotected N‐acetyl‐2‐amino sugars took place smoothly in H2O, leading to the formation of a 1,2‐oxazoline (=4,5‐dihydrooxazole) moiety in good yield. Since the reaction proceeds in H2O without using any protecting groups, the resulting oxazolines can be utilized as effective glycosyl donors for the subsequent enzymatic glycosylation. We have successfully demonstrated a highly efficient chemoenzymatic transglycosylation of a disialo‐oligosaccharide moiety to p‐nitrophenyl N‐acetylglucosaminide catalyzed by a mutant endo‐N‐acetylglucosaminidase without isolating disialo‐oligosaccharide oxazoline as synthetic intermediate.
Application of D‐chiro‐Inositol as a Chiral Template for the DielsAlder Reaction
Authors: Trant John F. , Belding Lee , Dudding Travis , Hudlicky Tomas 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe DielsAlder reaction can reliably provide the expected endo‐product in the presence of secondary orbital overlap. It can be considerably more difficult to access a single enantiomer of the exo‐product. In this paper, a D‐chiro‐inositol derivative is used as a chiral tether to facilitate the regio‐, diastereo‐, and enatioselective cycloaddition between cinnamic acid and hexa‐3,5‐dienoic acid. The DielsAlder reaction between these two substrates, or their respective esters, does not occur under thermal conditions. Because of the ease of removal of the chiral tether from the resulting cyclohexene, this approach could provide a viable technique to access otherwise unavailable systems.
Microsegregation: From Basic Concepts to Complexity in Liquid Crystal Self‐Assembly
Authors: Tschierske Carsten 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis review is focused on the basic concepts of microsegregation and a fundamental understanding of the formation of positionally ordered LC phases based on micro‐ and nanophases, interaction parameters and interfaces. Selected examples were chosen from the actual literature to illustrate the concepts. Microsegregation is the basis of classical LC phases and cybotaxis, and most importantly, it paves the way to a huge number of new LC phases. Beside the distinct modes of micellar packing motifs and liquid quasicrystals formed by self‐assembly of dendritic molecules, attention is also focused on the specific effects of rigid anisometric units and polyphilicity. Honeycomb LC phases, vesicular LC phases and mesophases with 3D‐lattices lead to enhanced complexity of LC self‐assembly.
Effects of ethnicity and gender role expectations of pain on experimental pain: A cross‐cultural study
Authors: Alabas O.A. , Tashani O.A. , Johnson M.I. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundGender role expectations of pain (GREP) have been shown to mediate sex differences in experimental pain. Few studies have investigated the role of ethnicity in shaping GREP. The aim of this study was to examine interactions between ethnicity and GREP on experimentally induced pressure and ischaemic pain in Libyan and white British students in their respective countries.MethodsLibyan (n = 124) and white British (n = 51) students completed a GREP questionnaire and their response to experimental pain was measured. Blunt pressure pain threshold (PPT) was measured over the 1st interosseous muscle using algometry. Pain intensity and pain unpleasantness (100 mm visual analogue scale) were measured at 1‐min intervals during a submaximal effort tourniquet test on the forearm.ResultsMultivariate analysis of variance detected significant effects for Sex and Ethnicity on pain measurements. Men had higher PPTs than women (p < 0.001). Libyans had higher PPTs than white British participants (p < 0.001). There were significant effects for Sex and Ethnicity for pain intensity ratings (p < 0.01) but no significant differences between the sexes in pain unpleasantness (p > 0.05). Libyan participants had higher pain intensity (p < 0.01) and pain unpleasantness (p < 0.05) ratings compared with white British participants. There were effects for Sex and Ethnicity for all GREP dimensions. Libyan participants exhibited stronger stereotypical views in GREP than white British participants (p < 0.001).ConclusionsGREP was the mediator of sex but not ethnic differences in pain report, suggesting that gender stereotypical attitudes to pain account for differences in pain expression between men and women.
Arab Youth in Canada: Acculturation, Enculturation, Social Support, and Life Satisfaction
Authors: Paterson Ashley D. , Hakim‐Larson Julie 
Published: October 2012

Results from 98 Arab youth in Canada showed that having a positive Arab culture orientation was related to greater family life satisfaction with family social support as a mediator. A positive European Canadian orientation was related to greater school life satisfaction, but this relation was not mediated by friend social support. Implications for the processes of enculturation and acculturation are discussed.Los resultados obtenidos de 98 jóvenes Árabes en Canadá mostraron que tener una orientación cultural Árabe positiva estaba relacionado con una mayor satisfacción sobre la vida en familia, con el apoyo social familiar como mediador. Tener una orientación Eurocanadiense positiva estaba relacionado con una mayor satisfacción en la vida escolar, pero esta relación no estaba mediada por el apoyo social de los amigos. Se discuten las implicaciones para los procesos de inculturación y aculturación.
Attachment Style Differences and Depression in African American and European American College Women: Normative Adaptations?
Authors: Cooley Eileen L. , Garcia Amber L. 
Published: October 2012

This study examined ethnic differences in attachment styles and depression among African American and European American college women. African American women reported less favorable views of others, which suggests that attachment styles emphasizing caution in relationships may be normative and adaptive for these women. There were no differences between groups in views of self or reports of depressive symptoms. Implications for long‐term relationships and counseling are discussed.Este estudio examinó las diferencias étnicas en estilos de apego y depresión entre estudiantes universitarias Afroamericanas y Euroamericanas. Las mujeres Afroamericanas expresaron una visión menos favorable sobre los demás, lo que sugiere que los estilos de apego que enfatizan la precaución en las relaciones pueden ser normativos para estas mujeres, y el resultado de su adaptación. No hubo diferencias entre los grupos en cuanto a la visión de sí mismas o expresión de síntomas depresivos. Se discuten las implicaciones para las relaciones a largo plazo y la consejería.
Evaluation of a Health Careers Program for Asian American and Pacific Islander High School Students
Authors: Yeh Christine J. , Borrero Noah E. 
Published: October 2012

The authors evaluated a health careers program in a U.S. urban public high school. After small subgroups of the original sample were removed, participants included 162 Asian American and Pacific Islander students. Analyses of covariance indicated that, compared with the comparison group, the treatment group reported significantly higher levels of social support, school engagement, interest in learning, vocational expectations, and ethnic identity. Implications for multicultural counseling in schools are discussed.Los autores evaluaron un programa de carreras sanitarias en una escuela secundaria pública de Estados Unidos. Tras la eliminación de pequeños subgrupos de la muestra original, los participantes incluyeron 162 estudiantes Asiático‐Americanos e Isleños del Pacífico. Los análisis de covarianza indicaron que, comparado con el grupo de comparación, el grupo de tratamiento expresó unos niveles significativamente mayores de apoyo social, participación escolar, interés en el aprendizaje, expectativas vocacionales e identidad étnica. Se discuten las implicaciones para la consejería multicultural en escuelas.
Severe hypercalcemic hyperparathyroidism developing in a patient with hyperaldosteronism and renal resistance to parathyroid hormone
Authors: Park-Sigal Jennifer , Don Burl R , Porzig Anne , Recker Robert , Griswold Virginia , Sebastian Anthony , Duh Quan-Yang , Portale Anthony A , Shoback Dolores , Schambelan Morris 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
We evaluated an African American woman referred in 1986 at age 33 years because of renal potassium and calcium wasting and chronic hip pain. She presented normotensive, hypokalemic, hypocalcemic, normophosphatemic, and hypercalciuric. Marked hyperparathyroidism was evident. Urinary cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) excretion did not increase in response to parathyroid hormone (PTH) infusion, indicating renal resistance to PTH. X-rays and bone biopsy revealed severe osteitis fibrosa cystica, confirming skeletal responsiveness to PTH. Renal potassium wasting, suppressed plasma renin activity, and elevated plasma and urinary aldosterone levels accompanied her hypokalemia, suggesting primary hyperaldosteronism. Hypokalemia resolved with spironolactone and, when combined with dietary sodium restriction, urinary calcium excretion fell and hypocalcemia improved, in accord with the known positive association between sodium intake and calcium excretion. Calcitriol and oral calcium supplements did not suppress the chronic hyperparathyroidism nor did they reduce aldosterone levels. Over time, hyperparathyroid bone disease progressed with pathologic fractures and persistent pain. In 2004, PTH levels increased further in association with worsening chronic kidney disease. Eventually hypercalcemia and hypertension developed. Localizing studies in 2005 suggested a left inferior parathyroid tumor. After having consistently declined, the patient finally agreed to neck exploration in January 2009. Four hyperplastic parathyroid glands were removed, followed immediately by severe hypocalcemia, attributed to “hungry bone syndrome” and hypoparathyroidism, which required prolonged hospitalization, calcium infusions, and oral calcitriol. Although her bone pain resolved, hyperaldosteronism persisted. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Bisphosphonate use is associated with reduced risk of myocardial infarction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Wolfe Frederick , Bolster Marcy B , O'Connor Christopher M , Michaud Kaleb , Lyles Kenneth W , Colón-Emeric Cathleen S 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Bisphosphonates have been shown to reduce mortality in patients with osteoporotic fractures, but the mechanism is unclear. Bisphosphonates have immunomodulatory effects that may influence the development of vascular disease. We sought to determine if bisphosphonate use is associated with a reduced risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in a rheumatoid arthritis (RA) population with high prevalence of bisphosphonate use and vascular disease. Adult patients with RA enrolled in the National Data Bank for Rheumatic Diseases, a longitudinal study of RA patients enrolled continuously from U.S. rheumatology practices between 2003 and 2011, were included in the analysis (n = 19,281). Patients completed questionnaires every 6 months. including questions on medication use, demographic information, clinical information, and health status. MIs were confirmed by a central adjudicator. Among the 5689 patients who were treated with bisphosphonates at some time during the study period, the risk of MI while on bisphosphonate compared to when not on bisphosphonate was 0.56 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.37–0.86; p &lt; 0.01) after adjustment for multiple confounders. In models including all 19,281 treated and untreated patients, the adjusted risk of first MI was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.54–0.96; p = 0.02) and of all MIs it was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.53–0.97; p = 0.03) in bisphosphonate users compared to nonusers. This finding suggests a potential mechanism for the mortality reduction observed with bisphosphonate medications. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Monocytes and γδ T cells control the acute-phase response to intravenous zoledronate: Insights from a phase IV safety trial
Authors: Welton Joanne L , Morgan Matt P , Martí Salvador , Stone Michael D , Moser Bernhard , Sewell Andrew K , Turton Jane , Eberl Matthias 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Aminobisphosphonates (NBPs) are used widely against excessive bone resorption in osteoporosis and Paget's disease as well as in metastatic bone disease and multiple myeloma. Intravenous NBP administration often causes mild to severe acute-phase responses (APRs) that may require intervention with analgesics and antipyretics and lead to treatment noncompliance and nonadherence. We here undertook a phase IV safety trial in patients with osteoporosis to investigate the APR of otherwise healthy individuals to first-time intravenous treatment with the NBP zoledronate. This study provides unique insight into sterile acute inflammatory responses in vivo, in the absence of confounding factors such as infection or cancer. Our data show that both peripheral γδ T cells and monocytes become rapidly activated after treatment with zoledronate, which ultimately determines the clinical severity of the APR. Our study highlights a key role for IFN-γ in the zoledronate-induced APR and identifies pretreatment levels of monocytes and central/memory Vγ9/Vδ2 T cells as well as their responsiveness to zoledronate in vitro as predictive risk factors for the occurrence of subclinical and clinical symptoms. These findings have diagnostic and prognostic implications for patients with and without malignancy and are relevant for Vγ9/Vδ2 T-cell–based immunotherapy approaches. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Mechanically robust polysiloxane–ACA capsules for prolonged ethanol production
Authors: Ylitervo Päivi , Franzén Carl Johan , Taherzadeh Mohammad J. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundFermentation using encapsulated yeast leads to more robust ethanol production from lignocellulose hydrolyzates. Encapsulated yeast is much more tolerant to inhibitors present in hydrolyzates, and fermentation is faster due to increased total cell density. For industrial applications, capsules must be made robust enough to endure long periods and numerous cultivations without breaking.ResultsLiquid core alginate–chitosan–alginate (ACA) capsules containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae were produced by the liquid‐droplet‐forming method and treated with hydrolyzed 3‐aminopropyltrietoxysilane (hAPTES) forming very glossy capsules. Capsules produced with 3.0% hAPTES showed the best mechanical robustness but no ethanol could be produced in dilute‐acid spruce hydrolyzate using these capsules. Untreated ACA capsules gave the highest ethanol production but demonstrated poor mechanical robustness. 25% of the ACA capsules ruptured within 6 h in the shear test. Capsules treated with 1.5% hAPTES were significantly stronger, since only 0–2% of these capsules broke. Moreover, the ethanol production in the fifth consecutive cultivation in lignocellulose hydrolyzate was nearly as high as for untreated ACA capsules.ConclusionThe mechanical robustness of ACA capsules can be easily improved by treating the capsules with hAPTES. ACA capsules treated with 1.5% hAPTES showed excellent mechanical robustness and a similar ethanol production profile to untreated ACA capsules. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
FE‐SEM observation of swelled seaweed using hydrophilic ionic liquid; 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate
Authors: Takahashi Chisato , Shirai Takashi , Fuji Masayoshi 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe method to observe the exact morphology of swelled seaweed as an example of biological material by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) with the aid of hydrophilic ionic liquid (IL); 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate is reported. Seaweed was first swelled in 3.5% NaCl solution and then treated with the IL and water mixture in 1:7 weight ratios and centrifuged to remove the excess IL solution. Thus treated seaweed maintained its morphology even at high magnification and did not show drying in the FE‐SEM chamber. This observation technique might be useful for various kinds of biological materials to be observed under FE‐SEM. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lack of evidence for an association between seminoma and human papillomavirus infection using GP5+/GP6+ consensus primers
Authors: Bertazzoni Giorgia , Sgambato Alessandro , Migaldi Mario , Grottola Antonella , Sabbatini Anna Maria Teresa , Nanni Nadia , Farinetti Alberto , Iachetta Francesco , Giacobazzi Elisabetta , Pecorari Monica , Bonetti Luca Reggiani 
Published: October 2012

AbstractTesticular germ cell tumors account for about 1% of all cancers. The incidence of these tumors is increasing and they represent the most common solid malignancies of young men aged 15–40 years with seminoma being one of the most common histotype. Pathogenesis of testicular germ cell tumors remains unknown and, although cryptorchidism is considered the main risk factor, there is evidence of an association with environmental and genetic risk factors. Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are a family of DNA viruses and represent a major risk factor for cervical cancer. In addition, they have been associated with other human non‐malignant and malignant diseases, including breast and head and neck cancer. HPV sequences have been detected throughout the male lower genitourinary tract as well as in seminal fluid and an increased testicular tumorigenesis has been reported in HPV transgenic mice. Aim of this study was to evaluate the potential involvement of HPV in human testicular tumorigenesis. Real‐time PCR employing GP5+/GP6+ consensus HPV primers was used to examine the presence of HPV sequences in a subset of human seminoma (n = 61) and normal testicles (n = 23). None of the specimens tested displayed the presence of HPV DNA. These findings do not support an association between HPV and human seminoma and warrant further studies to assess definitively the role of these viruses in human testicular tumorigenesis. J. Med. Virol. 85:105–109, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sweet success beyond the triple bottom line: Honeybee practices lead to sustainable leadership at Thailand's True Corp
Authors: Kantabutra Sooksan 
Published: October 2012

AbstractResearchers constructed a framework for analyzing the leadership practices at True Corporation, a Thai telecommunications firm, by grouping Avery and Bergsteiner's 23 Honeybee leadership practices into six categories: long‐term perspective, investing in people, organizational culture, innovation, social responsibility, and ethical behavior. Emphasizing long‐term growth and sustainability, these core themes contrast sharply with the prevailing Locust business model of short‐term maximization of profitability. An analysis of the Honeybee practices as manifested at True Corporation, a telecommunications firm based in Thailand, shows that despite the challenges of operating in an emerging economy, they can contribute to effective, sustainable leadership and dominance in a competitive market. Other enterprises that wish to promote ongoing organizational success can adopt Avery and Bergsteiner's Honeybee elements to examine their leadership practices and adjust them to become more sustainable. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Applying the high‐performance organization framework to a multinational retailer
Authors: de Waal André A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe application of the high‐performance organization (HPO) framework to a European multinational retailer operating in 15 countries showed that the framework is useful in accurately assessing progress in adopting the characteristics of a high‐performing organization and in formulating improvement suggestions at various organizational levels. In a similar fashion, managers at other multinational enterprises can apply the framework to evaluate their own organizations' HPO status, facilitate organization‐wide communications, and craft an agenda for improving processes and enhancing overall performance. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Home range and habitat selection of northern bobwhite coveys in an agricultural landscape
Authors: Janke Adam K. , Gates Robert J. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractNorthern bobwhites thrive in fine‐grained landscapes with a diversity of early succession woodland, grassland, and agriculture‐associated habitat types. Bobwhite conservation has proved challenging in the increasingly coarse‐grained Midwestern landscape as simplified agricultural cropping systems are implemented at larger spatial scales. Regardless, managing agricultural landscapes on private lands is the primary opportunity to restore bobwhite populations in the Midwestern United States. Although bobwhite habitat requirements are well understood, habitat selection in contemporary Midwestern landscapes is not well understood, especially on private lands where populations are declining. We used compositional analysis to investigate second‐ (study area) and third‐ (home range) order habitat selection by radiomarked bobwhite coveys on 4 private land study areas in southwestern Ohio. Mean covey home range size was 26.1 ± 2.2 ha (n = 48). Although home ranges were established in areas with more grassland cover, bobwhites most strongly selected early succession woody habitat (e.g., fencerows and ditches) at all scales, and selection for grassland diminished between the study area and home range scales. Grassland selection varied among sites and was strongest on sites with more row crop area. Woodlots were avoided at the study area scale, but were selected within home ranges. Grassland cover, like that provided by contemporary conservation programs, is an essential component of bobwhite habitat in the Midwest, but our results suggest more emphasis should be placed on early succession woody cover. Woody cover associated with fencerows, ditches, and woodlots adjacent to food sources and breeding habitat will likely improve non‐breeding season survival, which is an influential vital rate in northern populations. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.