bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Reductive Amination of Aldehyde Bisulfite Adducts Induced by 2‐Picoline Borane: Application to the Synthesis of a DPP‐IV Inhibitor.
Authors: Faul Margaret , Larsen Rob , Levinson Adam , Tedrow Jason , Vounatsos Filisaty 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe title reaction allows an efficient access to a wide range of secondary amines including the DPP‐IV inhibitor (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfonated Polypyrene (S‐PPR) as Efficient Catalyst for Esterification of Carboxylic Acids with Equimolar Amounts of Alcohols Without Removing Water.
Authors: Tanemura Kiyoshi , Suzuki Tsuneo 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe reusable catalyst efficiently promotes the esterification of carboxylic acids as well as transesterifications.
ChemInform Abstract: Zn(OTf)2‐Promoted Chemoselective Esterification of Hydroxyl Group Bearing Carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Mamidi Narsimha , Manna Debasis 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis is mild and highly chemoselective method for the esterification and amidation of aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Silylated 2,2‐Difluorostyrene Derivatives Through Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling of 2,2‐Difluoro‐1‐iodo‐1‐silylethenes.
Authors: Turcotte‐Savard Marc‐Olivier , Paquin Jean‐Francois 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe presented method offers some advantages over the previous one including enhanced scope, higher yields, ease of purification and significant reduction of desilylated side‐products.
ChemInform Abstract: The Regio‐ and Stereospecific Intermolecular Dehydrative Alkoxylation of Allylic Alcohols Catalyzed by a Gold(I) N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complex.
Authors: Mukherjee Paramita , Widenhoefer Ross A. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis publication contains studies concerning regioselectivity and chirality transfer.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Substituted‐2‐N‐(5‐chloro‐2‐methoxy‐4‐methylphenylsulfonyl) Glutamic Acid Derivatives Against Prostate Cancer Cell Line PC3.
Authors: Hassan Ghaneya Sayed , Abdel Rahman Doaa Ezzat 
Published: June 2013

AbstractCompounds (IVa‐d), (V), and (VI) display potent activity against PC3 tumor cell line.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Rh2(S‐IBAZ)4‐Catalyzed Cyclopropanation of Alkenes, Alkynes, and Allenes: Asymmetric Synthesis of Diacceptor Cyclopropylphosphonates and Alkylidenecyclopropanes.
Authors: Lindsay Vincent N. G. , Fiset Dominic , Gritsch Philipp J. , Azzi Soula , Charette Andre B. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis is the first catalytic asymmetric cyclopropanation of allenes with diacceptor diazo compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Generation of Molecular Complexity from Cyclooctatetraene: Preparation of Optically Active Protected Aminocycloheptitols (XI) and Bicyclo[4.4.1]undecatriene (VI).
Authors: El‐Mansy Mohamed F. , Sar Anobick , Lindeman Sergey , Donaldson William A. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe (6‐styryl‐cycloheptadienyl)iron cation (III) reacts with various nucleophiles to give products which can be further transformed into the title compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Aminocatalytic Asymmetric exo‐Diels—Alder Reaction with Methiodide Salts of Mannich Bases and 2,4‐Dienals to Construct Chiral Spirocycles.
Authors: Zhang Shan‐Jun , Zhang Jun , Zhou Qing‐Qing , Dong Lin , Chen Ying‐Chun 
Published: June 2013

AbstractLabile α‐methylene carbonyl compounds are generated in situ from bench‐stable methiodide Mannich salts.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Adamantane‐Based Trimeric Cationic Surfactants.
Authors: Zhu Hua , Guo Jianwei , Yang Chufen , Liu Sa , Chui Yingde , Zhong Xing 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThree trimeric quaternary ammonium surfactants having different carbon chains (I) are synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: Aromatic Fluoro‐de‐triazenation with Boron Trifluoride Diethyl Etherate under Non‐protic Acid Conditions.
Authors: Kovac Mitja , Anderluh Marko , Vercouillie Johnny , Guilloteau Denis , Emond Patrick , Mavel Sylvie 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA rapid and synthetically useful fluorination of 1‐aryltriazene derivatives (III) under controlled microwave heating furnishing corresponding aryl fluorides (IV) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Reduction of ortho‐ and para‐Azidonitrobenzenes via tert‐Butoxide Ion Mediated Electron Transfer.
Authors: Burnley James , Carbone Giorgio , Moses John E. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe novel method employing tert‐butoxide as the reductant and a thiazolium salt as the catalyst allows the chemoselective reduction of an azide in the presence of a sensitive nitro group.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Regioselective Halogenation of Aromatic Azo Compounds.
Authors: Ma Xian‐Tao , Tian Shi‐Kai 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA wide range of different substituted diaryl‐azo compounds can be brominated or iodinated with excellent ortho‐selectivity under mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Acylation of N‐Benzyltriflamides with Aldehydes via C—H Bond Activation.
Authors: Sharma Satyasheel , Park Jihye , Park Eonjeong , Kim Aejin , Kim Minyoung , Kwak Jong Hwan , Jung Young Hoon , Kim In Su 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAn efficient protocol for the title reaction is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile and Controllable Synthesis of Multiply Substituted Benzenes via a Formal [3 + 3] Cycloaddition Approach.
Authors: Shu Zhen‐Cao , Zhu Jian‐Bo , Liao Saihu , Sun Xiu‐Li , Tang Yong 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAn efficient protocol for preparation of di‐ to pentasubstituted benzene derivatives from α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl derivatives and ylides is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrophilic Trifluoromethylthiolation of Allylsilanes with Trifluoromethanesulfanamide.
Authors: Liu Jianbo , Chu Lingling , Qing Feng‐Ling 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe new CH3COCl‐promoted allylic trifluoromethylthiolation allows the efficient synthesis of a wide range of allylic trifluoromethylthiolated compounds under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Asymmetric Addition of Thiols to Trifluoromethylaldimine: An Efficient Approach to Chiral Trifluoromethylated N,S‐Acetals.
Authors: Fang Xin , Li Qing‐Hua , Tao Hai‐Yan , Wang Chun‐Jiang 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis novel reaction affords the biologically important products (III) and (V) in excellent yields and with high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Tetrabutylammonium Iodide Catalyzed Allylic Sulfonylation of Baylis—Hillman Acetates with Sulfonylhydrazides in Water.
Authors: Li Xiaoqing , Xu Xiangsheng , Tang Yucai 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA new protocol for the synthesis of a wide range of different substituted allyl aryl sulfone derivatives is developed (14 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: Ligand‐Controlled Iron‐Catalyzed Cross Coupling of Benzylic Chlorides with Aryl Grignard Reagents.
Authors: Kawamura Shintaro , Nakamura Masaharu 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe selective cross‐coupling of benzylic chlorides (II) with aryl Grignard reagents (I) is achieved in the presence of catalytic amounts of FeCl2 and electronically tuned ortho‐phenylenebisphosphine ligands.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Alkenes with Aldehydes: Direct Access to α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones.
Authors: Wang Jing , Liu Chao , Yuan Jiwen , Lei Aiwen 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA novel approach for the synthesis of α,β‐ unsaturated ketones is developed tolerating a variety of functional groups on both aldehyde and alkene.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Benzannulation Reactions of 2‐Alkylbenzaldehydes and Alkynes Leading to Naphthalene Derivatives.
Authors: Zhu Shifa , Xiao Yelin , Guo Zhengjiang , Jiang Huanfeng 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis new and efficient method is applicable to various substituted benzaldehydes and alkynes including diynes and triynes.
ChemInform Abstract: pH‐Sensitive DNA Cleaving Agents: In situ Activation by Ring Contraction of Benzo‐Fused Cyclobutanols.
Authors: Nagamoto Yuuki , Hattori Akira , Kakeya Hideaki , Takemoto Yoshiji , Takasu Kiyosei 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBenzo‐fused cyclobutanols such as (I) and (III) are developed as novel DNA cleavage compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Evaluation of 3‐[(2,4‐Dioxo‐1,3,8‐triazaspiro[4.6]undec‐3‐yl)methyl]benzonitrile Derivatives as Potential Anticonvulsants.
Authors: Madaiah Malavalli , Prashanth Maralekere K. , Revanasiddappa Hosakere D. , Veeresh Bantal 
Published: June 2013

Abstract30 Title compounds of type (IX) or (XI) are prepared and tested for their pharmacological activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Sequential [6 + 2], [2 + 2], and [3 + 2] Annulations for Rapid Assembly of Multiple Fragments.
Authors: Mahendar Velisoju , Oikawa Hideaki , Oguri Hiroki 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAssembly of four components through sequential [6 + 2], [2 + 2], and [3 + 2] annulations on azulenone (I) allows access to a natural product‐inspired densely functionalized hexacyclic scaffold (X) with exquisite control of ten consecutive stereocenters.
ChemInform Abstract: A General, Enantioselective Synthesis of 1‐Azabicyclo[m.n.0]alkane Ring Systems.
Authors: Senter Timothy J. , Schulte Michael L. , Konkol Leah C. , Wadzinski Tyler E. , Lindsley Craig W. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe novel approach to the title compounds, subunits of various natural product classes, involves the highly diastereoselective allylation of sulfimine (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of Isoxazole—Mercaptobenzimidazole Hybrids and Their in vivo Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Activity Studies.
Authors: Vadde Ravinder , et al. et al. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA facile route for the synthesis of the title compounds (III) utilizing a NHC‐catalyzed 1,2‐dipolar cycloaddition of alkynes and nitrile oxides is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Pyridines by Carbenoid‐Mediated Ring Opening of 2H‐Azirines.
Authors: Loy Nicole S. Y. , Singh Alok , Xu Xianxiu , Park Cheol‐Min 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA novel strategy of activation of 2H‐aziridines provides a broad range of highly conjugated poly‐arylpyridine systems by formal [3 + 3]‐cycloaddition.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Quinolones by Nickel‐Catalyzed Cycloaddition via Elimination of Nitrile.
Authors: Nakai Kenichiro , Kurahashi Takuya , Matsubara Seijiro 
Published: June 2013

AbstractSubstituted quinolones are efficiently synthesized by this new nickel‐catalyzed cycloaddition of o‐cyanophenylbenzamide derivatives with alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovering Some Novel 7‐Chloroquinolines Carrying a Biologically Active Benzenesulfonamide Moiety as a New Class of Anticancer Agents.
Authors: Al‐Dosari Mohammad Salem , Ghorab Mostafa Mohamed , Al‐Said Mansour Sulaiman , Nissan Yassin Mohammed 
Published: June 2013

AbstractOut of 24 examples tested, compound (VI) shows highest anticancer activity in vitro.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of a New Cascade Reaction for Convergent Synthesis of Pyrazolo[1,5‐a]quinoline Derivatives under Transition‐Metal‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Kato Jun‐ya , Aoyama Hiroshi , Yokomatsu Tsutomu 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe title reaction involves an aromatic nucleophilic substitution of 1H‐pyrazoles (II) and (IV) with 2‐fluorobenzaldehyde derivatives (I), followed by a Knoevenagel cyclization of the resulting adducts.
ChemInform Abstract: Spiro Heterocycles as Potential Inhibitors of SIRT1: Pd/C‐Mediated Synthesis of Novel N‐Indolylmethyl Spiroindoline‐3,2′‐quinazolines.
Authors: Rambabu D. , Raja Guttikonda , Sreenivas B. Yogi , Seerapu G. P. K. , Kumar K. Lalith , Deora Girdhar Singh , Haldar Devyani , Rao M. V. Basaveswara , Pal Manojit 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA series of novel spiro‐indolinequinazoline derivatives (III) (14 examples) are designed and synthesized via a Pd‐C/Cu‐mediated tandem coupling‐cyclization strategy.
ChemInform Abstract: 6‐Polyfluoroalkylated 2‐Thiouracils in the Synthesis of Pyrimido [2,1‐b][1,3,5]thiadiazines (IV) by the Double Mannich Reaction.
Authors: Khudina Ol'ga G. , Ivanova Anna E. , Burgart Yanina V. , Saloutin Victor I. , Kravchenko Marionella A. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractSome of the obtained pyrimidothiadiazines (IV) posses weak tuberculostatic activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective β‐Boration of Acyclic Enones by a [2.2]Paracyclophane‐Based N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Copper(I) Catalyst.
Authors: Zhao Lei , Ma Yudao , He Fuyan , Duan Wenzeng , Chen Jianqiang , Song Chun 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe new planar and centrally chiral triazolium salt (NHC) efficiently promotes the asymmetric conjugate boration of acyclic enones yielding synthetically important organo‐boron compounds with excellent enantioselectivity in short times.
ChemInform Abstract: Reduction of the Dihalocyclopentasilanes. A Quest for a Homocyclic Silylene.
Authors: Xiao Xu‐Qiong , Zhao Hui , Xu Zheng , Lai Guoqiao , He Xiao‐Lin , Li Zifang 
Published: June 2013

AbstractReduction of dibromocyclopentasilane (I) with potassium graphite affords a fused tricyclic silane (II) via a homocyclic silylene intermediate.
ChemInform Abstract: Diametric Stereocontrol in Dynamic Catalytic Reduction of Racemic Acyl Phosphonates: Divergence from α‐Keto Ester Congeners.
Authors: Corbett Michael T. , Johnson Jeffrey S. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAn unexpected reversal in facial selectivity is observed in the Ru(II)‐catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of acyl phosphonates in comparison to their previously studied structural mimics, α‐keto esters.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron(III) Chloride/Diorganyl Diselenides: A Tool for Intramolecular Cyclization of Alkynone O‐Methyloximes.
Authors: Speranca Adriane , Godoi Benhur , Zeni Gilson 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA new, efficient, and environmentally friendly method allows the preparation of 4‐organoselenylisoxazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Red‐Emitting Materials Derived from 2,3‐Dicyanopyrazine for Organic Light Emitting Devices
Authors: Jang Chun Keun , Song Cheol Jun , Park Ji Hyun , Yao Wang , Jaung Jae Yun 
Published: June 2013

Abstractdesign, synthesis, and optical properties of dicyanopyrazine oriented fluorescent styryl dyes (I)
ChemInform Abstract: Inhibitory Effect on NO Production of Triterpenes from the Fruiting Bodies of Ganoderma lucidum.
Authors: Tung Nguyen The , Cuong To Dao , Hung Tran Manh , Lee Jeong Hyung , Woo Mi Hee , Choi Jae Sue , Kim Jaewang , Ryu Sung Ho , Min Byung Sun 
Published: June 2013

AbstractFour new lanostane triterpenes, butyl lucidenate P (I), butyl lucidenate D2 (II), butyl lucidenate E2 (III), and butyl lucidenate Q (IV), are isolated along with eleven known compounds from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum.
ChemInform Abstract: Bioactive Polyhydroxylated Steroids from the Hainan Soft Coral Sinularia depressa Tixier‐Durivault
Authors: Liang Lin‐Fu , Wang Xu‐Jie , Zhang Hai‐Yan , Liu Hai‐Li , Li Jia , Lan Le‐Fu , Zhang Wen , Guo Yue‐Wei 
Published: June 2013

Abstractisolation, structural determination and antibacterial activity of two new steroids (I) and (II) together with 13 known analogues
ChemInform Abstract: Five New Phenolic Glycosides from Hedyotis scandens
Authors: Wang Guo‐Cai , Li Tao , Deng Fang‐Ye , Li Yao‐Lan , Ye Wen‐Cai 
Published: June 2013

Abstractisolation, structure determination and anti‐RSV activity of new phenolic glycosides, hedyotosides A—E (I), (II), (III)
ChemInform Abstract: Periodic Mesoporous Organosilicas: From Simple to Complex Bridges; a Comprehensive Overview of Functions, Morphologies and Applications
Authors: Van Der Voort Pascal , Esquivel Dolores , De Canck Els , Goethals Frederik , Van Driessche Isabel , Romero‐Salguero Francisco J. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractReview: 328 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Development of 1,8‐Naphthalimide‐Based DNA‐Targeting Binders, Anticancer and Fluorescent Cellular Imaging Agents
Authors: Banerjee Swagata , Veale Emma B. , Phelan Caroline M. , Murphy Samantha A. , Tocci Gillian M. , Gillespie Lisa J. , Frimannsson Daniel O. , Kelly John M. , Gunnlaugsson Thorfinnur 
Published: June 2013

AbstractReview: ca. 150 refs.
Ammonia Recovery from Industrial Wastewater by TransMembraneChemiSorption
Authors: Ulbricht Martin , Schneider Jürgen , Stasiak Maria , Sengupta Amit 
Published: June 2013

AbstractMembrane technology is a growing alternative for ammonia removal and recovery from wastewater compared to many other water treatment processes, such as strippers, scrubbers, and deaeration systems. Among the available alternatives, the TransMembraneChemiSorption (TMCS) has been gaining consideration, especially under certain operating conditions. TMCS using a membrane contactor is a unique separation process that is transitioning from research and pilot phases to field installations. This paper reviews the results of such an ammonia removal system using membrane contactors.
Selective and Brain‐Permeable Polo‐like Kinase‐2 (Plk‐2) Inhibitors That Reduce α‐Synuclein Phosphorylation in Rat Brain
Authors: Aubele Danielle L. , Hom Roy K. , Adler Marc , Galemmo Robert A. , Bowers Simeon , Truong Anh P. , Pan Hu , Beroza Paul , Neitz R. Jeffrey , Yao Nanhua , Lin May , Tonn George , Zhang Heather , Bova Michael P. , Ren Zhao , Tam Danny , Ruslim Lany , Baker Jeanne , Diep Linnea , Fitzgerald Kent , Hoffman Jennifer , Motter Ruth , Fauss Donald , Tanaka Pearl , Dappen Michael , Jagodzinski Jacek , Chan Wayman , Konradi Andrei W. , Latimer Lee , Zhu Yong L. , Sham Hing L. , Anderson John P. , Bergeron Marcelle , Artis Dean R. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPolo‐like kinase‐2 (Plk‐2) has been implicated as the dominant kinase involved in the phosphorylation of α‐synuclein in Lewy bodies, which are one of the hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease neuropathology. Potent, selective, brain‐penetrant inhibitors of Plk‐2 were obtained from a structure‐guided drug discovery approach driven by the first reported Plk‐2–inhibitor complexes. The best of these compounds showed excellent isoform and kinome‐wide selectivity, with physicochemical properties sufficient to interrogate the role of Plk‐2 inhibition in vivo. One such compound significantly decreased phosphorylation of α‐synuclein in rat brain upon oral administration and represents a useful probe for future studies of this therapeutic avenue toward the potential treatment of Parkinson’s disease.
Synaptic and extrasynaptic location of the receptor tyrosine kinase met during postnatal development in the mouse neocortex and hippocampus
Authors: Eagleson Kathie L. , Milner Teresa A. , Xie Zhihui , Levitt Pat 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTMET, a replicated autism risk gene, encodes a pleiotropic receptor tyrosine kinase implicated in multiple cellular processes during development and following injury. Previous studies suggest that Met modulates excitatory synapse development in the neocortex and hippocampus, although the underlying mechanism is unknown. The peak of Met expression corresponds to the period of process outgrowth and synaptogenesis, with robust expression in hippocampal and neocortical neuropil. Resolving whether neuropil expression represents presynaptic, postsynaptic or glial localization provides insight into potential mechanisms of Met action. The subcellular distribution of Met was characterized using complementary ultrastructural, in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA), and biochemical approaches. At postnatal day (P) 7, immunoelectron microscopy revealed near‐equivalent proportions of Met‐immunoreactive pre‐ (axons and terminals) and postsynaptic (dendritic shafts and spines) profiles in the stratum radiatum in the hippocampal CA1 region. Staining was typically in elements in which the corresponding pre‐ or postsynaptic apposition was unlabeled. By P21, Met‐immunoreactive presynaptic profiles predominated and ∼20% of Met‐expressing profiles were glial. A different distribution of Met‐immunoreactive profiles was observed in layer V of somatosensory cortex: Met‐labeled spines were rare and a smaller proportion of glial profiles expressed Met. Strikingly, Met‐immunoreactive presynaptic profiles predominated over postsynaptic profiles as early as P7. PLA analysis of neurons in vitro and biochemical analysis of tissue subsynaptic fractions confirmed the localization of Met in specific synaptic subcompartments. The study demonstrates that Met is enriched at synapses during development and its activation may modulate synapse formation and stability through both pre‐ and postsynaptic mechanisms. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:3241–3259, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quantitative analysis of ribbons, vesicles, and cisterns at the cat inner hair cell synapse: Correlations with spontaneous rate
Authors: Kantardzhieva Albena , Liberman M. Charles , Sewell William F. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTCochlear hair cells form ribbon synapses with terminals of the cochlear nerve. To test the hypothesis that one function of the ribbon is to create synaptic vesicles from the cisternal structures that are abundant at the base of hair cells, we analyzed the distribution of vesicles and cisterns around ribbons from serial sections of inner hair cells in the cat, and compared data from low and high spontaneous rate (SR) synapses. Consistent with the hypothesis, we identified a “sphere of influence” of 350 nm around the ribbon, with fewer cisterns and many more synaptic vesicles. Although high‐ and low‐SR ribbons tended to be longer and thinner than high‐SR ribbons, the total volume of the two ribbon types was similar. There were almost as many vesicles docked at the active zone as attached to the ribbon. The major SR‐related difference was that low‐SR ribbons had more synaptic vesicles intimately associated with them. Our data suggest a trend in which low‐SR synapses had more vesicles attached to the ribbon (51.3 vs. 42.8), more docked between the ribbon and the membrane (12 vs. 8.2), more docked at the active zone (56.9 vs. 44.2), and more vesicles within the “sphere of influence” (218 vs. 166). These data suggest that the structural differences between high‐ and low‐SR synapses may be more a consequence, than a determinant, of the physiological differences. J. Comp. Neurol. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:3260–3271, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cyto‐ and receptor architecture of area 32 in human and macaque brains
Authors: Palomero‐Gallagher Nicola , Zilles Karl , Schleicher Axel , Vogt Brent A. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTHuman area 32 plays crucial roles in emotion and memory consolidation. It has subgenual (s32), pregenual (p32), dorsal, and midcingulate components. We seek to determine whether macaque area 32 has subgenual and pregenual subdivisions and the extent to which they are comparable to those in humans by means of NeuN immunohistochemistry and multireceptor analysis of laminar profiles. The macaque has areas s32 and p32. In s32, layer IIIa/b neurons are larger than those of layer IIIc. This relationship is reversed in p32. Layer Va is thicker and Vb thinner in s32. Area p32 contains higher kainate, benzodiazepine (BZ), and serotonin (5‐HT)1Abut lower N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) and α2receptor densities. Most differences were found in layers I, II, and VI. Together, these differences support the dual nature of macaque area 32. Comparative analysis of human and macaque s32 and p32 supports equivalences in cyto‐ and receptor architecture. Although there are differences in mean areal receptor densities, there are considerable similarities at the layer level. Laminar receptor distribution patterns in each area are comparable in the two species in layers III–Va for kainate, NMDA, γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)B, BZ, and 5‐HT1Areceptors. Multivariate statistical analysis of laminar receptor densities revealed that human s32 is more similar to macaque s32 and p32 than to human p32. Thus, macaque 32 is more complex than hitherto known. Our data suggest a homologous neural architecture in anterior cingulate s32 and p32 in human and macaque brains. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:3272–3286, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.