bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residential Estate Valuation Index (REVI): A Consumer Perspective
Authors: Sharma Bramh Dev 
Published: July 2015

Motivation/Problem: Real estate has emerged as one of the most profitable investing options in Indian economy, and its valuation plays an important role in the process. Valuations of real estate are a debatable issue due to lack of research and support knowledge available to the stakeholders and market makers, namely, owners, such as sellers, buyers, brokers and valuers, and lenders, such as bankers and financial institutions. In this article, the author seeks to develop a residential estate valuation index, a consumer perspective. Methodology: In the first stage the author has identified consumer-centric factors of residential valuation from literature review and grounded theory. In the second stage SPSS & MS Excel techniques are used to find out consumer-driven weights of each factor and to subsequently develop an index matrix. Output: A residential estate valuation index has been developed. This study attempts to develop a residential estate valuation index for measuring the consumer behaviour with residential estate, residential estate seen as habitat that is an output/product architecture. This index will be helpful for stakeholders, market makers, sellers, buyers, brokers, valuers, bankers and financial institutions in high-involvement decision-making.
Stenting for chronic obstructive venous disease: A current comprehensive meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Wen-da Wang , Yu Zhao , Yue-xin Chen 
Published: July 2015

Objectives The aim of this article was to summarize the efficacy and safety of venous stents in chronic obstructive venous disease (COVD) including postthrombotic syndrome (PTS) and nonthrombotic iliac vein lesions (NIVL). Methods We searched PubMed for case series (prospective and retrospective) that focused on venous stents in the treatment of COVD published between 1st January, 2000 and 15th July, 2014. Then, we analyzed the perioperative complications, subsequent antithrombotic treatment, clinical outcomes, and long-term patency of this procedure. Results Overall, 1987 patients from 14 studies were included in our study. The incidence of the 30-day thrombotic events was 2.0% (4.0% in PTS vs. 0.8% in NIVL, p = 0.0002). The rates of access site complications and stent migration were 1.7% and 1.3%, respectively. The incidence of retroperitoneal bleeding and contrast extravasation was 1.8%. Back pain was more common with a rate of 62.9%. With stent placement, there was a significant pain and edema relief in COVD patients and the clinical–etiology–anatomy–pathophysiology scores declined. The rate of ulcer healing was 72.1% (70.3% in PTS vs. 86.9% in NIVL, p = 0.0022), and the ulcer recurrence rate was 8.7%. The primary, assisted primary, and secondary patency rates were 91.4%, 95.0%, and 97.8%, respectively, at 12 months and 77.1%, 92.3%, and 94.3%, respectively, at 36 months; however, the patency rates in PTS were lower than those in NIVL. Conclusions Stents may be a relatively effective and safe approach for PTS and NIVL patients because of the low incidence of perioperative complications and satisfying long-term patency. Some outcomes of stents in NIVL patients may be better than those in PTS patients.
The pace of life and temporal resources in a neighborhood of an edge city
Authors: Paiva Daniel , Cachinho Herculano , Barata-Salgueiro Teresa 
Published: July 2015

Recently, the phenomenon of social acceleration, which has profound impacts on everyday life, has attracted some attention from social scientists. At the same time, an increased engagement with social practices that are related to slowing down has also been highlighted, thereby unveiling an inherent tension between fast and slow times in contemporary societies. However, little attention has been paid to how fast and slow times are spatially dispersed and rooted. This study contributes to current discussions on the pace of life by considering the dynamics of speeding up and slowing down in the everyday life of residents in a neighborhood of an edge city and the role played by local resources in the performance of everyday life practices. We undertook our study in the Colinas do Cruzeiro neighborhood, in the municipality of Odivelas in the North of Lisbon’s metropolitan area, where we conducted 21 in-depth narrative interviews with residents with the purpose of understanding the spatiotemporal organization of their daily lives and the role of the neighborhood’s resources. Our results identify four different timestyles among the interviewees, all of them fluctuating between fast and slow temporalities in different ways. Thereafter, we identify and describe the main practices of speeding up and slowing down in the interviewees’ everyday life and the local resources, which are mobilized in Colinas do Cruzeiro in order to perform these practices. We give some conclusions after a brief discussion of the results. Our main argument is that local resources play a vital role in an individual’s ability to speed up or slow down and therefore more attention must be paid as to how local resources can become temporal advantages.
Fibrinolytic Dysregulation in Total Joint Arthroplasty Patients
Authors: Guler Nil , Burleson Andrew , Syed Daneyal , Banos Andrew , Hopkinson William , Hoppensteadt Debra , Rees Harold , Fareed Jawed 
Published: July 2015

Background: The alterations of the fibrinolytic components in osteoarthritic joint disease and their postsurgical modulation are not clearly understood. Preexisting hemostatic dysfunction may lead to both thrombotic and bleeding events in these patients. Aim: To profile fibrinolytic parameters in patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty prior to and on postoperative day 1. Methods: A total of 98 total joint arthroplasty patients were included in this study. Blood samples were drawn preoperatively and on postoperative day 1 status posttotal knee or total hip arthroplasty surgery. d-Dimer, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) were measured using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Antiplasmin activity was measured by using a functional method. Results: Preoperative PAI-1, d-dimer, and tPA levels were significantly higher in arthroplasty patients compared to healthy controls. Preoperative antiplasmin level was lower than controls. Postoperative levels of PAI-1 and d-dimer were increased compared to preoperative values. Postoperative antiplasmin values were lower than preoperative levels. Changes in tPA was not significant. There was no correlation between preoperative PAI-1 and d-dimer levels. Pre- and postoperative percentage changes in each individual were calculated for PAI-1, d-dimer, tPA, and antiplasmin. There was a positive correlation between d-dimer and PAI-1. Negative correlations between antiplasmin and d-dimer and between antiplasmin and PAI-1 were noted. Conclusion: These results confirm the perturbation in the fibrinolytic system of patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty surgery. Surgical intervention may also enhance the observed changes. The alterations in the fibrinolytic system may lead to the observed hemostatic complications such as bleeding, hematoma formation, or potential need for blood transfusion.
Reported literacy, media consumption and social media use as measures of relevance of Spanish as a heritage language
Authors: Velázquez Isabel 
Published: July 2015

Aims and objectives: This paper explores one dimension of language maintenance among college-aged heritage speakers of Spanish (HSS) in three communities of the U.S. Midwest. The aim was to understand whether Spanish was relevant at a point in life in which they were developing their own networks away from their families. Research questions: Were reading and writing in Spanish relevant for the participants? Did they use Spanish when on social media? Did they text in Spanish? Was Spanish relevant for them when consuming content on electronic media? Methodology: This analysis is part of a larger study on HSS in communities of recent Latino settlement. Respondents participated in an oral interview and responded to an online survey. Data and analysis: Results presented here come from a study designed to gather data on reported interlocutors, reading and writing, electronic media consumption, and social media use. Respondents were 71 HSS between the ages of 19 and 29. Results were compared with two control groups: 23 L2 speakers and 24 native speakers attending the same schools. Higher relevance was assumed when an event was reported closest to the moment of response. Reading and writing were classified as school, personal interest, employment, other. Relevance as related to social media, music, and internet use was determined by reported frequency. Findings: Highest relevance was reported for texting and listening to music; lowest was reported for consumption of internet content. Results for texting, social media and personal interest reading/writing suggest that for these speakers Spanish was viable for accrual of bonding social capital. Reading/writing reports suggest that for many, Spanish was also viable to attain specific academic goals. Environmental pressures to shift are evidenced in the uses not (or barely) reported: reading/writing related to work, religion and daily living, and consumption of internet content. Originality: This paper focuses on maintenance of relevance of a heritage language in the first stage of adult life. Implications: Results suggest that in using Spanish, respondents were not bound by physical context or immediate availability of interlocutors, but by their perceptions of viability.
Assessing Adult Exposure to Community Violence
Authors: DeCou Christopher R. , Lynch Shannon M. 
Published: July 2015

Objective: Although experiences of community violence are linked with negative outcomes for adults and children, few standardized measures assessing community violence exist, and available measures lack consistency concerning the definition of community violence. Further, most measures currently utilized to assess adult exposure to community violence were designed for use with children and adolescents. To address these identified concerns and make recommendations for future research, this article reviews contemporary definitions of community violence, identifies the outcomes of exposure to community violence for adults, and evaluates measures of exposure to community violence with published psychometric data employing adult samples. Method: A systematic review of the literature was conducted to identify studies that (1) included a self-report of community violence exposure, (2) included primarily adult respondents, and (3) reported psychometric data. Results: Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria. Measures employed in these studies were reviewed and basic psychometric properties discussed. Notably, the Survey of Exposure to Community Violence was the most commonly used measure among these studies. Conclusions: Although multiple measures demonstrated limited but acceptable psychometric performance in select studies, few in-depth psychometric analyses exist for measures of adult exposure to community violence. Also, it is difficult to compare studies due to variations in definitions of community violence and multiple versions of each measure. Recommendations for future research include provision of explicit definitions of community violence and reporting psychometric data for measures.
Diagnostic yield and safety of sputum induction with nebulized racemic salbutamol versus hypertonic saline in smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Keeratichananont Warangkana , Nilmoje Thanapon , Keeratichananont Suriya , Rittatorn Jedsada 
Published: July 2015

Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the diagnostic yield and safety profile of sputum induction (SI) with nebulized racemic salbutamol solution versus hypertonic saline in smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Methods: The prospective study was conducted at Songklanagarind Hospital, Thailand. Suspected smear-negative pulmonary TB cases were recruited and randomized to receive SI with either nebulized racemic salbutamol solution or 3% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution. Induced sputum was examined with the acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear test and cultured for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The efficacy and adverse events of SI were analyzed. Results: A total of 59 patients received SI with nebulized racemic salbutamol solution and 53 received 3% NaCl solution. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the average quantity of induced sputum (1.3 ± 0.1 versus 1.2 ± 0.2 ml, p = 0.5). The percentages of positive AFB smear and TB cultures in the salbutamol group were 15% and 22%, and 13% and 17% in the 3% NaCl group ( p = 0.5), respectively. Racemic salbutamol solution could increase the TB diagnostic yield similarly to 3% NaCl, but incurred less chest tightness (5% versus 15%) and bronchospasm (0% versus 11.3%, p = 0.02) compared with 3% NaCl. Conclusions: SI by nebulized racemic salbutamol solution offers equal benefits to 3% NaCl solution in increasing both sputum quantity and diagnostic yield in smear-negative patients suspected of having pulmonary TB. Nebulized racemic salbutamol does not produce bronchospasm and chest tightness occurs less frequently than with 3% NaCl. Therefore, SI with nebulized racemic salbutamol solution should be considered as a good alternative noninvasive diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of pulmonary TB when hypertonic saline is unavailable or contraindicated.
Central venous catheter dressing durability: an evaluation
Authors: Richardson Annette , Melling Andrew , Straughan Chris , Simms Lisa , Coulter Catherine , Elliot Yvonne , Reji Sheeja , Wilson Natalie , Byrne Rachael , Desmond Catherine , Wright Stephen E 
Published: July 2015

Background: Skin organisms at the insertion site are frequently implicated in central venous catheter blood stream infections (CVC BSIs) yet few studies have compared the durability of CVC dressings in critically ill patients. Aims: To undertake an evaluation of the durability and associated costs of different CVC dressings. Methods: Dressing duration was captured prospectively using a pro forma on four different dressings on five critical care units over a 12-month period. Staff received training on CVC dressing evidence-based practices and a ‘how to guide’ was implemented. Findings: A total of 1229 CVC dressings were observed from 590 CVCs. One dressing had a median (IQR) duration of 68.5 h (range, 32–105 h) compared to a median duration of 43.5, 46.0 and 40.5 h for the other dressings ( P <0.001). The mean time to change a CVC dressing was 13.5 min and the cost of a dressing change was in the range of £1.97–4.97. During the 12-month study period we observed a downward trend in CVC BSIs. Discussion: Despite few dressings remaining adherent for 7 days, the low rates of CVC BSI observed suggests good dressing practices. Conclusions: One dressing appeared more durable than the others, although it was still below the recommended standard and more expensive.
Building Resilience and Organizational Readiness During Healthcare Facility Redevelopment Transitions
Authors: Steele Gray Carolyn , Wilkinson Andrea , Alvaro Celeste , Wilkinson Kate , Harvey Martha 
Published: July 2015

Objective: Hospital redevelopment constitutes a revolutionary change that can face strong resistance from employees. Few studies have examined how employee readiness for change relates to adjustment outcomes typically captured in post-occupancy evaluation (POE). The relationship between organizational readiness and employee adjustment is examined in the context of a POE conducted during a hospital redevelopment. Background: Our study focuses on the redevelopment of a complex continuing care and rehabilitation hospital that underwent complete physical redevelopment and major shifts in operational and organizational processes. Methods: Using a pretest–posttest quasi-experimental research design, staff organizational readiness was assessed using surveys at four time periods: 6 months prior to the move ( n = 125), 2 months prior to the move ( n = 84), 3 months after the move ( n = 187), and 6 months after the move ( n = 194). Measures included organizational readiness, workplace satisfaction, psychological factors (well-being and optimism), and sociodemographic information. Results: Findings suggest readiness changes from pre- to post-move, with notable drops just prior (2 months) and just post (3 months) hospital move. Employees demonstrated significant increases in workplace satisfaction and interprofessional relationships from 6 months prior to the move to 6 months after. Results suggest that higher readiness is related to improved employee adjustment. Conclusions: A supportive change environment was found to encourage positive employee outcomes in the face of revolutionary change. It is recommended that change management activities be tailored not only to employee need but also to the timing of the change process.
Autophagy is induced upon platelet activation and is essential for hemostasis and thrombosis
Authors: Ouseph Madhu M. , Huang Yunjie , Banerjee Meenakshi , Joshi Smita , MacDonald Laura , Zhong Yu , Liu Huijuan , Li Xianting , Xiang Binggang , Zhang Guoying , Komatsu Masaaki , Yue Zhenyu , Li Zhenyu , Storrie Brian , Whiteheart Sidney W. , Wang Qing Jun 
Published: July 2015

Key Points
Autophagy, an essential degradation pathway, is constitutively active in resting platelets and is induced upon platelet activation. Platelet autophagy is indispensable for hemostasis and thrombus formation.
Tc17 cells are a proinflammatory, plastic lineage of pathogenic CD8+ T cells that induce GVHD without antileukemic effects
Authors: Gartlan Kate H. , Markey Kate A. , Varelias Antiopi , Bunting Mark D. , Koyama Motoko , Kuns Rachel D. , Raffelt Neil C. , Olver Stuart D. , Lineburg Katie E. , Cheong Melody , Teal Bianca E. , Lor Mary , Comerford Iain , Teng Michele W. L. , Smyth Mark J. , McCluskey James , Rossjohn Jamie , Stockinger Brigitta , Boyle Glen M. , Lane Steven W. , Clouston Andrew D. , McColl Shaun R. , MacDonald Kelli P. A. , Hill Geoffrey R. 
Published: July 2015

Key PointsDonor-derived Tc17 cells differentiate early after allogeneic transplant in response to IL-6 and alloantigen presentation by host DCs. Tc17 are highly proinflammatory and pathogenic posttransplant, but exert limited or no GVL activity.
A prospective evaluation of indications for neurological consultation in the emergency department
Authors: Hansen Christopher K , Fisher Jonathan , Joyce Nina R , Edlow Jonathan A 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

Background
Recognizing the diverse presentation of neurological conditions that emergency physicians encounter can be challenging, and management of these patients often requires consultation with a neurologist. Accurate diagnosis is critical in neurological emergencies because patient outcomes are often dependent on timely treatment. Our primary objective was to ascertain whether consultant neurologists understood the reason for consultation in the emergency department.

Methods
The authors conducted a prospective study of a non-consecutive sample of 94 patients seen in an academic tertiary care emergency department (ED) who underwent consultation by neurologist over 4 consecutive months. At the time a consult was requested, we independently surveyed the treating ED physician for their differential diagnosis. Neurologists were also queried as to whether there was a clear indication for consultation. We then followed the patients to determine their final diagnosis and outcome.

Results
The median age was 57 years (interquartile range 45–78). 45.7 % were male. The clinical reasons for all the consults were 61 % focal symptom, 12 % concern about a specific diagnosis, 9 % radiological finding, 9 % diagnostic ambiguity, and 11 % other. There was no significant difference in the rate of a final neurological diagnosis based on the clinical reason for consult (p = 0.13). In the 17 % of patients for whom the treating neurologist reported a lack of a clear indication for the consultation, 25 % were later admitted to a neurological service, and 69 % ultimately had a neurological diagnosis.

Conclusions
Although patients with neurological emergencies can have diverse presentations, emergency physicians appear to utilize neurologic consultation appropriately. Additionally, nearly 70 % of patients for whom the consultant did not precisely understand the need for the consultation had neurological diagnoses. Time and resource constraints in the ED create challenges in making correct diagnosis.
Autoregulatory function of interleukin-10-producing pre-naïve B cells is defective in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Sim Ji Hyun , Kim Hang-Rae , Chang Soog-Hee , Kim In Je , Lipsky Peter E. , Lee Jisoo 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Pre-naïve B cells represent an intermediate stage in human B-cell development with some functions of mature cells, but their involvement in immune responses is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the functional role of normal pre-naïve B cells during immune responses and possible abnormalities in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that might contribute to disease pathogenesis.

Methods
Pre-naïve, naïve, and memory B cells from healthy individuals and SLE patients were stimulated through CD40 and were analyzed for interleukin-10 (IL-10) production and co-stimulatory molecule expression and their regulation of T-cell activation. Autoreactivity of antibodies produced by pre-naïve B cells was tested by measuring immunoglobulin M (IgM) autoantibodies in culture supernatants after differentiation.

Results
CD40-stimulated pre-naïve B cells produce larger amounts of IL-10 but did not suppress CD4+ T-cell cytokine production. Activated pre-naïve B cells demonstrated IL-10-mediated ineffective promotion of CD4+ T-cell proliferation and induction of CD4+FoxP3+ T cells and IL-10 independent impairment of co-stimulatory molecule expression and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-6 production. IgM antibodies produced by differentiated pre-naïve B cells were reactive to single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid. SLE pre-naïve B cells were defective in producing IL-10, and co-stimulatory molecule expression was enhanced, resulting in promotion of robust CD4+ T-cell proliferation.

Conclusions
There is an inherent and IL-10-mediated mechanism that limits the capacity of normal pre-naïve B cells from participating in cellular immune response, but these cells can differentiate into autoantibody-secreting plasma cells. In SLE, defects in IL-10 secretion permit pre-naïve B cells to promote CD4+ T-cell activation and may thereby enhance the development of autoimmunity.