bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in proliferative capacity of primary human acute myelogenous leukaemia cells are associated with altered gene expression profiles and can be used for subclassification of patients
Authors: Reikvam H. , Øyan A. M. , Kalland K. H. , Hovland R. , Hatfield K. J. , Bruserud Ø. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectivesProliferative capacity of acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML) blasts is important for leukaemogenesis, and we have investigated whether proliferative capacity of primary human AML cells could be used for subclassification of patients.Materials and methodsIn vitro proliferative capacity of AML cells derived from two independent groups was investigated. Cells were cultured under highly standardized conditions and proliferation assayed by 3H‐thymidine incorporation after seven days culture. Patients were subclassified by clustering models, and gene expression profile was examined by microarray analyses.ResultsBased on proliferative capacity of the AML cells, three different patient clusters were identified: (i) autocrine proliferation that was increased by exogenous cytokines; (ii) detectable proliferation only in presence of exogenous cytokines; and (iii) low or undetectable proliferation even in presence of exogenous cytokines. Patients with highest proliferative capacity cells had no favourable prognostic impact by NPM‐1 mutation. Analysis of gene expression profiles showed that the most proliferative cells generally had altered expression of genes involved in regulation of transcription/RNA functions, whereas patients with high proliferative capacity and internal tandem duplications (ITDs) in the FLT3 cytokine receptor gene had altered expression of several molecules involved in cytoplasmic signal transduction.ConclusionsIn vitro proliferative capacity of primary human AML cells was considerably variable between patients and could be used to identify biologically distinct patient subsets.
Patent foramen ovale in liver transplant recipients does not negatively impact short‐term outcomes
Authors: Werlang Monia E. , Palmer William C. , Boyd Evelyn A. , Cangemi David J. , Harnois Denise M. , Taner Cemal B. , Stancampiano Fernando F. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAimPatent foramen ovale (PFO) is a common atrial septal defect that is largely asymptomatic and often undiagnosed. The impact of a PFO in patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT) is unknown.ObjectiveAssess the impact of PFO and physiologic intrapulmonary shunt (IPS) on the perioperative outcomes of patients who underwent LT.MethodsWe performed a retrospective, intention‐to‐treat analysis of patients with PFO and controls without PFO who underwent LT at Mayo Clinic in Florida between 2008 and 2013. Patients with physiologic IPS were also analyzed. The cohorts were compared for baseline characteristics, length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), postoperative oxygen requirements, 30‐d cerebrovascular accidents, and mortality.ResultsOf the 935 patients who underwent LT, 10.4% had proven PFO by pre‐LT echocardiogram. Control patients (n = 101) were statistically older than PFO and IPS (n = 56) patients, but similar in sex, BMI, Model for End‐stage Liver Disease score, American Society of Anesthesiologist score, and left ventricular ejection fraction. PFO and IPS patients had similar length of stay in the ICU, mechanical ventilation times, post‐LT oxygen requirements, and 30‐d mortality compared to controls. Subgroup analysis showed similar outcomes for large PFO and IPS patients to controls.ConclusionsThe presence of PFO did not have a negative impact on perioperative LT outcomes.
One‐stop‐shop preoperative evaluation for living liver donors with gadoxetic acid disodium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: efficiency and additional benefit
Authors: Xie Shuangshuang , Liu Chenhao , Yu Zichuan , Ren Tao , Hou Jiancun , Chen Lihua , Huang Lixiang , Cheng Yue , Ji Qian , Yin Jianzhong , Zhang Longjiang , Shen Wen 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the efficiency, cost, and time for examination of one‐stop‐shop gadoxetic acid disodium (Gd‐EOB‐DTPA)‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in preoperative evaluation for parent donors by comparing with multidetector computer tomography combined with conventional MR cholangiopancreatography (MDCT‐MRCP).Materials and methodsForty parent donors were evaluated with MDCT‐MRCP, and the other 40 sex‐, age‐, and weight‐matched donors with Gd‐EOB‐DTPA‐enhanced MRI. Anatomical variations and graft volume determined by pre‐ and intra‐operative findings, costs and time for imaging were recorded. Image quality was ranked on a 4‐point scale and compared between both groups.ResultsGd‐EOB‐DTPA‐enhanced MRI provided better image quality than MDCT‐MRCP for the depiction of portal veins and bile ducts by both reviewers (p < 0.05), hepatic veins by one reviewer (p < 0.05), rather hepatic arteries by both reviewers (p < 0.01). Sixty‐nine living donors proceeded to liver donation with all anatomical findings accurately confirmed by intra‐operative findings. The “in‐room” time of Gd‐EOB‐DTPA‐enhanced MRI was 12 min longer than MDCT‐MRCP. Gd‐EOB‐DTPA‐enhanced MRI was cheaper than MDCT‐MRCP (US$519.72 vs. US$631.85).ConclusionOne‐stop‐shop Gd‐EOB‐DTPA‐enhanced MRI has similar diagnostic accuracy as MDCT‐MRCP and can provide additional benefit in terms of costs and convenience in preoperative evaluation for parent donors.
Allograft nephrectomy vs. no‐allograft nephrectomy for renal transplantation: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Kun , Xu Xianlin , Fan Min , Qianfeng Zhuang 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the safety and efficacy of allograft nephrectomy vs. no‐allograft nephrectomy for renal re‐transplantation.MethodsMedline (PubMed), Embase, Ovid, Cochrane, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature databases were searched to identify clinically comparable trials that compared allograft nephrectomy (AN) and no‐allograft nephrectomy (no‐AN) with renal re‐transplantation. RevMan 5.1 software and Stat Manager V4.1 software were used for the meta‐analysis.ResultsEight trials were included involving 1008 patients. Of these, 508 (50.4%) patients underwent AN and 500 (49.6%) had not undergone AN before re‐transplantation. The pooled results revealed that the AN group had a longer time interval between graft loss and re‐transplantation of 14.40 months (weighted mean difference (WMD) = 11.23; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.47–19.99; p = 0.01). The AN group also had an higher rate of positive PRA (PRA>10%) before re‐transplantation (OR: odds ratio = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.17–2.23, p = 0.003). A comparison of serum creatinine (mg/dL) at one yr after re‐transplantation between the groups showed no significant differences (WMD: −0.25; 95% CI: −0.52 to 0.03; p = 0.08). There were neither significant differences in one‐yr graft survival rates (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.31–1.72; p = 0.48) nor one‐yr patient survival rates (OR: 1.60; 95% CI: 0.57–4.46; p = 0.37) between the groups. Insignificant differences were noted for the rates of acute rejection (OR: 1.30; 95% CI: 0.89–1.91; p = 0.17) and post‐operative complications (OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 0.24–9.43; p = 0.66) for the groups.ConclusionThrough our meta‐analysis, allograft nephrectomy before re‐transplantation seemed well tolerated but conferred no significant benefit. The risk–benefit ratio of transplant nephrectomy with re‐transplantation must be evaluated in each individual patient.
Q&A
Authors: Shedroff Nathan , Polaine Andy , Løvlie Lavrans , Leichter Fred 
Published: October 2015

Service design is interaction design, says this serial entrepreneur and former colleague of Richard Saul Wurman.These colleagues and coauthors (an excerpt from their book, Service Design: From Insight to Implementation, appears on page 48) were eloquent about technology, education, and designers who have more empathy for their clients' customers than for their clients.Fidelity's chief customer experience officer talks about the challenges and opportunities facing today's financial services industries.
Triadic Relations in a Game of Pachisi
Authors: Wu Zhaohui , Choi Thomas Y. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTA triad is the smallest network form where one can study how a link affects a link or a node affects a link indirectly connected. Through triads, one can glimpse the more complex relational dynamics in larger networks. Studies of various triadic relationships have gained growing interest among OM scholars in recent years as both researchers and practitioners recognize that such a triadic framework allows us to appreciate the relational complexity in larger supply networks. We adapted the Pachisi game to demonstrate the triadic relational dynamics among firms in a supply network. We have played this game in various undergraduate and graduate classes. This simple game has enabled us to introduce such topics as supply networks and coalition strategies in a lively classroom environment. We have received positive feedback from the students validating an effective learning experience.
Secession in the European Union
Authors: Vaubel Roland 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis paper argues the case for the right of secession in Western democracies. I suggest that the winners gain more than the losers may lose. Indeed, the external effects of secession may well be positive. However, the political economy of secession is highly problematic. Ideally, the rules for secession should be set at the international level but international organisations have a vested interest in preventing secession. It is easier to establish the right of secession at the national level. The opinion of the European Union institutions that Catalonia and Scotland, after seceding, would have to reapply for EU membership has no basis in the European treaties. Nor has this question been settled in any UN agreement or Vienna Convention. There are merely practices, and they vary among international institutions. The paper concludes with suggestions on how secessions from EU member states and withdrawals of member states from the EU might be implemented.
The UK and the Eurozone: Sovereign Debt Management and Monetary Policy
Authors: Steele G. R. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractEvents in the wake of the ‘credit crunch’ can be understood only against institutional structures within which interdependent monetary and fiscal policy are administered. In the Eurozone, the attempt to keep a central monetary authority (together with its associated national central banks) independent from 17 diverse fiscal authorities was flawed. When sovereign debt approaches unmanageable levels, the Maastricht Treaty presents austerity as the single option. In the UK, the electorate has an opportunity to choose between monetary financing (inflation) and fiscal consolidation (austerity). Policy choices within the Eurozone and the UK are set against Keynes's focus on unemployment and more recent concerns to retain (or restore) price and/or financial stability.
Ecological monitoring to support Water Sharing Plan evaluation and protect wetlands of inland New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Driver Patrick D. , Raine Allan , Foster Neal D. , Williams Simon A. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryGovernment‐funded flow response monitoring and modelling programmes (flow science) provided by the New South Wales Office of Water (NOW) have supported water resource management since 1997. Flow science has a core technical component defined by hypothesis‐driven long‐term monitoring and analysis, but it also represents many activities that support committees involved in environmental flow management. This is done through collaborations and contracting and has fostered considerable research and analysis into flow ecology, including modelling for the recent Murray–Darling Basin Plan. We describe the performance of environmental flows against legislated wetland objectives to improve wetland function and diversity using flow science. On‐ground monitoring at wetland sites has largely ceased but the flow science done so far indicates that the environmental flow rules written into Water Sharing Plans improve wetland diversity and function. Determination of the long‐term flow needs of NSW wetlands, including how well current Water Sharing Plans aid the delivery of environmental flows, requires finding the means to build on current flow science knowledge from across Australia.
Static balancing behaviour of the mandible
Authors: Hellmann Daniel , Brüstle Fabian , Terebesi Sophia , Giannakopoulos Nikolaos N. , Eberhard Lydia , Rammelsberg Peter , Schindler Hans J. 
Published: October 2015

The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of physiological control of the craniomandibular system during force‐controlled biting: in intercuspation, restricted by predetermined anatomic–geometrical conditions [i.e. biting in intercuspation (BIC)]; and on a hydrostatic system [i.e. auto‐balanced static equilibrium of the mandible (BAL)], in which the mandible is balanced under unrestricted occlusal conditions. For 20 healthy subjects, the spatial positions of the condyles, the lower molars, and the incisal point were measured, and the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the musculus masseter and musculus temporalis anterior were recorded bilaterally, during force‐controlled biting (50, 75, 100 N) on a hydrostatic device. The results were compared with those obtained during BIC. During BAL, the neuromuscular system stabilizes one condyle, so it behaves as a virtual fulcrum, and all available biomechanical degrees of freedom of the opposite side are used to achieve a bilaterally equal vertical distance between the upper and lower dental arches. The variability of the positions of the molars was significantly smaller than for the condyles. The EMG co‐contraction ratios calculated for homonymous muscle regions revealed significant differences between BIC and BAL, specifically, greater symmetry during BAL with substantial asymmetry of approximately 25% remaining. In conclusion, the results revealed precise neuromuscular control of the position of the lower dental arch; this information might form the basis for interference‐free tracking of the mandible in intercuspation under different conditions.
Prenatal Coparenting Alliance and Marital Satisfaction When Pregnancy Occurs After Assisted Reproductive Technologies or Spontaneously
Authors: Darwiche Joëlle , Favez Nicolas , Simonelli Alessandra , Antonietti Jean‐Philippe , Frascarolo France 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAlthough the coparenting relationship has been described as key in family dynamics, very few studies have assessed its development during pregnancy after assisted reproductive technology (ART). In this study, the authors compared the prenatal coparenting relationship in 33 couples who conceived through ART with that of 49 couples who conceived spontaneously, and assessed the association between marital satisfaction and the prenatal coparenting alliance. The first‐time parents were met during the second trimester of pregnancy. A validated observational task (the Prenatal Lausanne Trilogue Play) was used to assess their prenatal coparenting relationship, and the Dyadic Adjustment Scale was used to evaluate marital satisfaction. No differences were observed in the two groups' global prenatal coparenting scores, but the ART couples showed less coparental playfulness than those who conceived spontaneously. Marital satisfaction was higher in women who conceived through ART. These data suggest that infertility and its treatment affect the prenatal coparenting and marital relationships in different ways.
Do Credit Ratings Really Affect Capital Structure?
Authors: Kemper Kristopher J. , Rao Ramesh P. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis paper revisits recent investigations into the role credit ratings play in the marginal financing behavior of firms. Although it has long been documented that credit ratings may be an important determinant of firm capital structure policy, academics have only recently subjected this motivation to empirical scrutiny. We add to the brief existing literature by investigating the sensitivity of marginal financing behavior of firms to a number of attributes deemed to capture firms’ affinity to emphasize credit ratings in their financing behavior. Our results suggest that credit ratings are not a first‐order concern in capital structure decisions.
Capital Structure Deviation and Speed of Adjustment
Authors: Mukherjee Tarun , Wang Wei 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAs a firm deviates from its target leverage from above (below), the bankruptcy costs (foregone tax savings) rise at an increasing rate while the tax savings (reduced bankruptcy costs) rise at a decreasing rate, generating a stronger incentive for rebalancing capital structure. This phenomenon renders the speed of adjustment (SOA) an increasing function of the deviation. Employing a bootstrapping‐based estimation strategy that averts well‐known estimation biases, we find U.S. firms exhibit a positive SOA sensitivity to leverage deviation. Also, the SOA sensitivity is greater for overlevered than underlevered firms.
Reading, Writing, and Animation in Character Learning in Chinese as a Foreign Language
Authors: Xu Yi , Chang Li‐Yun , Zhang Juan , Perfetti Charles A. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPrevious studies suggest that writing helps reading development in Chinese in both first and second language settings by enabling higher‐quality orthographic representation of the characters. This study investigated the comparative effectiveness of reading, animation, and writing in developing foreign language learners' orthographic knowledge of Chinese and found that, for learners with existing orthographic knowledge, the three learning conditions facilitated character learning in different ways: Writing and animation both led to better form recognition, while reading produced superior meaning and sound recalls. In addition, the effect of animation in meaning recall was also better than writing. In developing the skill of reproducing characters from memory, writing was superior. Implications for the teaching and learning of Chinese characters are offered.
Complications of hemodialysis treatments due to dialysate contamination and composition errors
Authors: Davenport Andrew 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAlthough hemodialysis is a routine outpatient treatment for millions of patients with a proven safety record, accidents and errors do occur from time to time. Many nephrologists are unaware of the technical aspects of providing a safe and reliable dialysate and rely on the support and advice of renal technologists. Complications may arise due to bacterial and chemical contamination of potable water, errors in dialysate acid or bicarbonate solution composition and proportioning, and resetting machine conductivity and temperature controls. As such, clinicians need to be aware of the possible complications of hemodialysis so that these are recognized promptly to provide appropriate management and minimize patient harm.
Does pharmacotherapy improve cardiovascular outcomes in hemodialysis patients?
Authors: Mittal Mayank , Aggarwal Kul , Littrell Rachel L. , Agrawal Harsh , Alpert Martin A. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) occurs commonly in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) including those treated with hemodialysis (HD), and is associated with poor outcomes in this population. Pharmacologic management of hypertension, dyslipidemia, acute and chronic coronary artery disease, and atrial fibrillation in the general population is supported by the results of high‐quality, randomized, controlled clinical trials. Pharmacotherapy of these disorders in the general population is effective in improving clinical outcomes. In contrast, information concerning the effect of pharmacotherapy on mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with CKD, and particularly in HD patients, is limited. Available data suggest that, in general, pharmacotherapy of hypertension and dyslipidemia, anti‐platelet therapy of CVD, and anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation are less effective in HD patients than in the general population or even in patients with early stage of CKD.
Let's talk about sex: older people's views on the recognition of sexuality and sexual health in the health‐care setting
Authors: Bauer Michael , Haesler Emily , Fetherstonhaugh Deirdre 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo report on the findings of a systematic review which examined the experiences and views of older people aged 65 years and over on health professionals’ recognition of sexuality and sexual health and whether these aspects of the person are incorporated into care.Review methodsThe review followed the methods laid out by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Eleven electronic databases were searched using the terms sexual*, aged, ageing/aging, attitudes and care in any health‐care setting. Only quantitative and qualitative research and opinion papers written in English and offering unique commentary published between January 2004 and January 2015 were eligible.ResultsA total of 999 papers were initially identified and of these, 148 were assessed by two reviewers. Eighteen studies – seven quantitative, eight qualitative and three opinion papers – met the inclusion criteria and were appraised. The importance of sexuality to well‐being, language used, expressing sexuality, discomfort discussing sexuality, inadequate sexuality health education and treatment and deficient communication with health‐care professionals were all identified as significant issues in a range of settings. Fourteen categories and five syntheses summarize the 43 findings.ConclusionsSexuality remains important for many older people; however, embarrassment, dissatisfaction with treatment, negative attitudes and seeming disinterest by health professionals can all inhibit discussions. Professionals and health‐care services need to adopt strategies and demonstrate characteristics which create environments that are more supportive of sexuality. Issues related to sexuality and sexual health should be able to be discussed without anxiety or discomfort so that older people receive optimal care and treatment.
FLT3/ITD expression increases expansion, survival and entry into cell cycle of human haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells
Authors: Li Li , Piloto Obdulio , Kim Kyu‐Tae , Ye Zhaohui , Nguyen Ho Bao , Yu Xiaobing , Levis Mark , Cheng Linzhao , Small Donald 
Published: October 2015

SummaryActivating mutation of FLT3 by internal tandem duplications (ITDs) in the juxtamembrane region is the most common molecular aberration found in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). In this study, a lentiviral vector containing two promoters achieved consistent and efficient co‐expression of FLT3/ITD and GFP in transduced human CD34+ haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). When cultured in medium containing stem cell factor, thrombopoietin and FLT3 ligand (FL), FLT3/ITD‐transduced cells demonstrated enhanced self‐renewal and survival potential, unaffected by the withdrawal of FL. These cells retained a CD34+CD38−/dim immunophenotype, typical of HSPCs. Compared to cells transduced with a vector expressing GFP alone, FLT3/ITD‐transduced HSPCs had a higher fraction of cells in active cell cycle. FLT3/ITD‐transduced HSPCs were more sensitive to the induction of cytotoxicity by CEP‐701, a selective FLT3 inhibitor, indicating a rapid ‘addiction’ to signalling through this oncogenic pathway. The FLT3/ITD‐transduced HSPCs showed increased expression of Pim‐1, c‐Myc and Cyclin D3 (CCND3), each of which may contribute to the altered genetic programme instituted by FLT3/ITD signalling. Taken together, these results indicate that FLT3/ITD mutations may contribute to leukaemic transformation of normal HSPCs by prolonging survival, promoting proliferation and partially blocking differentiation. CEP‐701 may act as a potent therapeutic agent for AML stem cells harbouring FLT3/ITD mutations.