bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urologist communication is a primary factor leading to erectile dysfunction treatment postprostatectomy
Authors: Baunacke Martin , Groeben Christer , Borkowetz Angelika , Hoffmann Falk , Chun Felix K H , Weissbach Lothar , Thomas Christian , Huber Johannes 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Studies have shown insufficient utilization of care for patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) after radical prostatectomy (RP).

Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate variables associated with barriers to seeking and receiving ED treatment.

Methods
In this multicenter prospective cross-sectional study, the functional outcomes of 936 patients were assessed 10 to 15 years after RP. A total of 525 patients with ED or incontinence were asked about their treatment experiences or lack thereof. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test, t test, and multivariate logistic analyses.

Outcomes
Patients answered validated questionnaires regarding information sources, communication with their partner and urologist, and barriers to ED treatment.

Results
Of the 525 patients, 80 were not available to survey. A total of 304 patients answered the survey (response: 68.0%). A total of 246 patients had ED and were included in this study. The mean age at surgery was 64.4 ± 6.1 years, and the mean age at the time of this survey was 77.1 ± 6.2 years. The mean follow-up duration was 12.7 ± 1.5 years. Forty-six percent (n = 114 of 246) of the patients had never received ED treatment. The most important conversation partners regarding the ED were the partner (69% [n = 169 of 246]) and the urologist (48% [n = 118 of 246]). Patients who never received ED treatment were less likely to have conversations with their urologist (34% vs 60%; P &lt; .001), had less support (51% vs 68%; P = .01), and had less interest in sex from their partner (20% vs 40%; P = .001). Communication with other groups (general practitioners, other physicians, family, friends, and the Internet) had no influence on ED treatment utilization. The most relevant barrier to receiving ED treatment was the belief that treatment would not help (65%). No interest in sex from their partner (odds ratio, 3.9) and no conversation with their urologist about ED (odds ratio, 2.9) were found to be independent predictors of not receiving ED treatment.

Clinical Implications
Urologists should have enhanced awareness of how to approach patients directly about their ED and actively offer them treatment options.

Strengths and Limitations
These results should be further validated in a multicenter, prospective study. Response bias may have affected the results. Furthermore, the current cohort was relatively old.

Conclusion
This study revealed that no interest in sex from one’s partner and insufficient communication with a urologist were relevant barriers to insufficient utilization of ED treatment after RP.
Sacred journeys and pilgrimages: health risks associated with travels for religious purposes
Authors: Parker Salim , Steffen Robert , Rashid Harunor , Cabada Miguel M , Memish Ziad A , Gautret Philippe , Sokhna Cheikh , Sharma Avinash , Shlim David R , Leshem Eyal , Dwyer Dominic E , Lami Faris , Chatterjee Santanu , Shafi Shuja , Zumla Alimuddin , Mahomed Ozayr 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Pilgrimages and travel to religious mass gatherings (MGs) are part of all major religions. This narrative review aims to describe some characteristics, including health risks, of the more well-known and frequently undertaken ones.

Methods
A literature search was conducted using keywords related to the characteristics (frequency of occurrence, duration, calendar period, reasons behind their undertaking and the common health risks) of Christian, Muslim, Hindu, Buddhist and Jewish religious MGs.

Results
About 600 million trips are undertaken to religious sites annually. The characteristics vary between religions and between pilgrimages. However, religious MGs share common health risks, but these are reported in a heterogenous manner. European Christian pilgrimages reported both communicable diseases, such as norovirus outbreaks linked to the Marian Shrine of Lourdes in France, and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). NCDs predominated at the Catholic pilgrimage to the Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe in Mexico, which documented 11 million attendees in 1 week. The Zion Christian Church Easter gathering in South Africa, attended by ~10 million pilgrims, reported mostly motor vehicle accidents. Muslim pilgrimages such as the Arbaeen (20 million pilgrims) and Hajj documented a high incidence of respiratory tract infections, up to 80% during Hajj. Heat injuries and stampedes have been associated with Hajj. The Hindu Kumbh Mela pilgrimage, which attracted 100 million pilgrims in 2013, documented respiratory conditions in 70% of consultations. A deadly stampede occurred at the 2021 Jewish Lag BaOmer MG.

Conclusion
Communicable and NCD differ among the different religious MGs. Gaps exists in the surveillance, reporting and data accessibility of health risks associated with religious MGs. A need exists for the uniform implementation of a system of real-time monitoring of diseases and morbidity patterns, utilizing standardized modern information-sharing platforms. The health needs of pilgrims can then be prioritized by developing specific and appropriate guidelines.
The inhibitory effect of copper, zinc, and manganese on Legionella longbeachae in potting mix leachate
Authors: Jun Hyunwoo , Chambers Stephen T , Williman Jonathan , Slow Sandy , Murdoch David R , Scott-Thomas Amy 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Legionella longbeachae is the leading cause of Legionnaires’ disease (LD) in Australasia and has been linked to exposure to compost and potting soils. Adding antimicrobial metal ions such as copper (Cu2+), zinc (Zn2+), and manganese (Mn2+) to potting soils may reduce the load of L. longbeachae bacteria and infection risk. Baseline concentrations of metal ions in leachate from peat, bark dust, bagging base, and an all-purpose potting soil were: iron 0.40–0.99 µg/ml, Cu of 0.003–0.03 µg/ml, Zn 0.01–0.06 µg/ml and Mn 0.11–0.29 µg/ml. Addition of Cu2+ ions to leachate reduced L. longbeachae viability in a concentration dependent manner. A similar effect was seen in potting soil with Zn2+ and Mn2+ but 10-fold higher concentrations were needed. These metal ions have potential to reduce the load of L. longbeachae in potting soils but toxicity in plants needs to be determined.
Police evaluation of evidence: statistical format and evidence type
Authors: Cabell Jean J , Livingston Tyler N , Yang Yueran 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Police must properly evaluate evidence to make consequential decisions. Erroneous evaluations of evidence could begin a process that leads to wrongful convictions through faulty guilt judgments. This study assessed the extent to which police accuracy in judging suspect guilt varied by the statistical format of evidence strength and the type of evidence. We recruited police participants (n = 209) from CloudResearch and randomly assigned them to a 3 (evidence format: LR vs. RMP vs. neutral) x 3 (evidence type: DNA vs. fingerprint vs. eyewitness) between-subjects factorial design. Police participants read a case scenario in which they investigated a murder case and evaluated suspect guilt based on a piece of evidence. Prior odds of guilt were controlled for as 1 in all conditions. In general, police under-weighed evidence in the RMP format and were more accurate at judging suspect guilt when the evidence was in the LR format and when the evidence was inconclusive. The effect of evidence format was particularly strong for DNA evidence. Additionally, police participants’ responses did not differ between different guilt measures. Overall, police showed inconsistencies in their guilt judgments when evaluating evidence with different statistical formats and evidence types.
Molecular analysis of cutaneous yeast isolates in the mycobiota of children with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Vial Iwyna França Souza Gomes , Voidaleski Morgana Ferreira , Lameira Rosângela Ferreira , Costa Flavia de Fatima , Zanatta Danielle Arake , Vicente Vania Aparecida , de Carvalho Vania Oliveira 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The skin of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) has a greater diversity of mycobiota. An observational, prospective, cross-sectional, analytical, and comparative study was conducted involving 80 patients with AD Group (ADG) and 50 individuals without AD (wADG) in a tertiary hospital in Brazil. Skin scale samples were collected from the frontal, cervical, fossae cubital, and popliteal regions and identified using molecular biology techniques. The results showed that 47.5% of ADG had identified yeasts compared to 0% of wADG (P &lt; .001). The yeasts Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Candida parapsilosis were the most abundant. The probability of colonization increased with age, showing values of 40% at 60 months and 80% at 220 months (P = .09). The cervical region (12.5%) was colonized to the greatest extent. Our findings revealed that positive mycology was not more probable when the scoring of atopic dermatitis or eczema area and severity index value increased (P = .23 and .53, respectively). The results showed that the sex, age, and different population types directly affected the composition of the mycobiota in the population analyzed. A higher frequency of colonization and greater diversity of yeast species were detected in the cutaneous mycobiota of children with AD.
The effect of local photoionization on the galaxy properties and the circumgalactic medium in simulations of Milky Way-sized galaxies
Authors: Zhu Bocheng , Springel Volker 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
In this study, we investigate the impact of local stellar radiation in cosmological zoom simulations of the formation of Milky Way-sized galaxies. We include the radiation field as an additional feedback component that is computed alongside gravity with a tree code in an optically thin approximation. We resimulate the initial conditions of five Milk Way-like systems taken from the Auriga project with and without stellar radiation, and study the effects of local stellar radiation on several properties of the galaxies and the circumgalactic medium (CGM). Similar to previous findings, we observe with our current model that local stellar radiation can modify gas cooling in the CGM and thus suppress star formation and the surface densities of young stars and H i gas, while having little impact on the total gas content. In particular, it also suppresses the peak of the rotation curve and reduces the mass of the stellar bulge. In the CGM region, the young stellar radiation exceeds the external ultraviolet background and dominates the radiation field within the virial halo at all redshifts. Nevertheless, we find that the local stellar radiation, as implemented in the current study, has overall little impact on the radial density and temperature profile of the CGM gas. However, for the ion species H i and Mg ii, the column densities within $\sim 0.3\, R_{\rm vir}$ are reduced, while the O vi column density is hardly impacted by the radiation field due to a lack of soft X-ray components in our current model. Additional effects can be expected from the radiation of the central active galactic nucleus during phases of quasar activity and from soft X-ray sources, which have not yet been included in the simulations of the present study.
The kidney–skeletal muscle–heart axis in chronic kidney disease: implications for myokines
Authors: Quiroga Borja , Díez Javier 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Myokines are signalling moieties released by the skeletal muscle in response to acute and/or chronic exercise, which exert their beneficial or detrimental effects through paracrine and/or autocrine pathways on the skeletal muscle and through endocrine pathways in many other organs (e.g. the heart). Interestingly, alterations in myokines have been described in patients with heart failure (HF) that are associated with adverse structural and functional left ventricular remodelling and poor cardiac outcomes. Recent experimental and clinical studies have shown that the muscle regulation of a number of myokines is altered in chronic kidney disease (CKD) thus representing a new molecular aspect of the pathophysiology of skeletal myopathy present in patients with CKD. Muscle dysregulation of myokines may contribute to a number of disorders in non-dialysis and dialysis patients with CKD, including the high risk of developing HF. This possibility would translate into a range of new diagnostic and therapeutic options. In fact, the measurement of circulating myokines opens their possible usefulness as biomarkers to personalize exercise training and pharmacological therapies for the prevention and treatment of HF in patients with CKD and skeletal myopathy. This review will analyse information on some myokines that target the heart and are altered at the level of skeletal muscle and circulation in patients with CKD.
Association Between Antibodies That Bind Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) gp350 and gH/gL and Shedding of EBV in Saliva From Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Multiplex Family Members in Taiwan
Authors: Liu Kai-Lin , Hsu Wan-Lun , Bu Wei , Yu Kelly J , Wang Cheng-Ping , Chien Yin-Chu , Chen Tseng-Cheng , Chen Chien-Jen , Hildesheim Allan , Middeldorp Jaap M , Waterboer Tim , Cohen Jeffrey I , Coghill Anna E , Liu Zhiwei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Elevated levels of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) gp350 and gH/gL antibodies have been associated with a lower risk of developing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), although the evidence remains inconclusive and unexplained. We conducted a longitudinal study within a high-risk Taiwanese cohort, analyzing total immunoglobulin against EBV-gp350 and -gH/gL in blood and EBV DNA shedding in saliva. Contrary to our hypothesis—that elevated levels of antibodies previously shown to be associated with a lower NPC risk should result in a decrease in EBV shedding in saliva—higher anti-gp350 antibodies at baseline were significantly associated with detectable EBV DNA in saliva at follow-up (odds ratio [OR], 1.99 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.03–3.97]; P = .04). Higher anti-EBV-gH/gL antibodies at baseline were not significantly associated with risk of detectable EBV DNA at follow-up (OR, 0.69 [95% CI, .35–1.32]; P = .26). These findings underscore the complexity of virus–host interactions and emphasize the need for further investigations into their role in EBV-associated diseases.
Unconditional Love, Some Implications for the Law
Authors: Allen Anita L 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Love is a rich topic for recent moral philosophers, theologians, writers and social justice activists. Yet, normative concepts of love embedded in modern law are seldom closely examined by legal theorists. This article is the first to illustrate that the concept of unconditional love plays significant roles across diverse areas of the positive law. Relying on a stipulated ethical understanding of unconditional love as a durable, constant, loyal, faithful, generous and self-sacrificing love, I demonstrate that, for better or worse, law can serve unconditional love’s paramount demands. Significant categories of contemporary legal regulation are explicable to the communities bound by them because the evocative notion that some familial love is and ought to be ‘unconditional’ is socially pervasive. I do not advocate for the problematic concept of unconditional love but demonstrate that the law embeds it in two ways. One way is by affording opportunities for individuals voluntarily to exercise the felt imperatives of unconditional love (eg through prison visitation rights and spousal testimonial privileges). The other is by imposing duties of unconditional love that may run strongly counter to individuals’ choices and preferences (eg by restricting access to safe abortion and requiring parental support of adult children). I suggest that derelict and gender-biased governments may shun their own social welfare responsibilities by imposing on private individuals caregiving duties that bespeak unconditional love. Attention to the powerful unconditional love concepts embedded throughout the law can foster an improved understanding of the norms and politics of marriage and family governance.
Women’s Health Across the Lifespan: A Sex- and Gender-Focused Perspective
Authors: McKinney Jessica L , Clinton Susan C , Keyser Laura E 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Women’s health in physical therapy has historically focused on sexual and reproductive health. The biological and social constructs of sex and gender, respectively, are determinants of health, including pathophysiology of disease and therapeutic outcomes, and an expansion of the concept of “women’s health” is warranted. This Perspective explores the role of sex and gender as key determinants of women’s and girls’ health and highlights the factors pertinent to physical therapist practice. The Scale for the Assessment for Narrative Review Articles (SANRA), a 6-point assessment to evaluate the quality of narrative reviews, was used a priori and consulted throughout. Across the lifespan, sex- and gender-based health disparities exist. These include sex-based disparities in maternal–fetal outcomes linking female fetal sex to maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, along with a sex-based female advantage in birth outcomes and the emergence of gender differences in motor development. A complex interplay of biological and socially influenced factors contributes to an increased care burden for women throughout adulthood and specific risks for the development of cardiovascular and pelvic floor conditions, decreased function, and increased disability. Sex- and gender-disaggregated data are lacking in outcomes literature. A sex- and gender-informed approach in physical therapy, including analyzing data by sex and gender, may better meet the needs of patients and better prepare physical therapist professionals to contribute to women’s health across the lifespan. Success will take coordinated effort involving many stakeholders within and adjacent to the physical therapist community. The influence of sex and gender are lifelong determinants of health, making them critically important to consider in physical therapist practice, education, research, advocacy, and policy. In women’s health, focusing on sexual and reproductive health is limiting and insufficient.
SMILE Winter Campaign
Authors: Walach M -T , Soobiah Y , Carter J A , Whiter D K , Kavanagh A J , Hartinger M D , Oksavik K , Salzano M L , Archer M O 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
This white paper is highly topical as it relates to the upcoming solar wind magnetosphere ionosphere link explorer (SMILE) mission: SMILE is a joint mission between the European Space Agency and the Chinese Academy of Sciences and it aims to build a more complete understanding of the Sun–Earth connection by measuring the solar wind and its dynamic interaction with the magnetosphere. It is a fully funded mission with a projected launch in 2025. This paper outlines a plan for action for SMILE’s first Northern hemisphere winter campaign using ground-based instruments. We outline open questions and which data and techniques can be employed to answer them. The science themes we discuss are: (i) Earth’s magnetosheath, magnetopause, and magnetic cusp impact on the ionospheric cusp region; (ii) defining the relationship between auroral processes, solar wind, and magnetospheric drivers; (iii) understanding the interhemispheric properties of the Earth’s magnetosphere–ionosphere system. We discuss open questions (different to the mission goals) which may be answered using existing ground-based instrumentation together with SMILE data to leverage the maximum scientific return of the mission during the first winter after launch. This paper acts as a resource for planning, and a call to collaborative action for the scientific community.
Dose of phytase from either Aspergillus niger or Escherichia coli on performance of nursery piglets
Authors: Pereira Francisco Alves , Coelho Flavio Aguiar , Alves Laya Kannan Silva , dos Santos Fernanda Mariane , Pereira Erick Marlon , Silva Neta Clarice Speridiao , Ferreira Felipe Norberto Alves , da Cunha Ana Caroline Rodrigues , Pairis-Garcia Monique Danielle , Garbossa Cesar Augusto Pospissil 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Supplementing swine diets with phytase increases phosphorus release by approximately 50% from cereal phytates. The increase in phosphorus availability allows for a reduction in dietary phosphorus supplementation from mineral sources and decreases the environmental impact of pork production through a decrease in phosphorus excretion. Superdosing phytase has been reported to boost swine productivity, improve the digestibility of other nutrients, and mitigate the antinutritional effects of phytates. However, there are significant cost differences among phytase products. Bacterial phytases are considered more modern, often with a higher cost of inclusion. A study was conducted with 288 piglets that were 21 d of age and weighed 6.43 ± 0.956 kg. Pigs were divided into four groups. Each group of pigs was fed a different experimental diet varying in phytase source and level: fungal phytase (Aspergillus niger) at 500 FTU/kg of diet, fungal phytase at 2,000 FTU/kg, bacterial phytase (Escherichia coli) at 500 FTU/kg, and bacterial phytase at 2,000 FTU/kg. No differences were found for phytase sources or doses on productivity at 14 and 21 d postweaning. However, piglets supplemented with 2,000 FTUs/kg of phytase in the diet during the first 21 d of nursery exhibited a 5.8% better feed conversion (P = 0.02). An interaction between phytase source and dose was observed for average live weight and daily weight gain over the 42-d nursery period (P &lt; 0.05). Supplementing the diet with 2,000 FTU/kg of fungal phytase improved daily weight gain and live weight throughout the experimental period compared to piglets supplemented with 500 FTU/kg of the same phytase source. Additionally, it resulted in better final weights compared to piglets supplemented with 500 FTU/kg of bacterial phytase. Phytase inclusion at 2,000 FTU/kg improved feed conversion by 2.07% over the 42-d nursery period. The most economically favorable feed conversion ratios were observed when supplementing the diet with fungal phytase at 2,000 FTUs/kg.