bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tofacitinib With Methotrexate in Third‐Line Treatment of Patients With Active Rheumatoid Arthritis: Patient‐Reported Outcomes From a Phase III Trial
Authors: Strand Vibeke , Burmester Gerd R. , Zerbini Cristiano A. F. , Mebus Charles A. , Zwillich Samuel H. , Gruben David , Wallenstein Gene V. 
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveTo assess patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) for tofacitinib, an oral JAK inhibitor for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in a 6‐month, phase III, randomized controlled trial.MethodsPatients ages ≥18 years with active RA with an inadequate response to ≥1 tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) and receiving stable background methotrexate were randomized 2:2:1:1 to tofacitinib 5 mg or 10 mg twice daily, or placebo advanced to tofacitinib 5 mg or 10 mg twice daily at month 3. PROs measured at month 3 included patient global assessment of disease activity (PtGA), pain, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) disability index (DI), Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Short Form 36 Health Survey version 2 (SF‐36v2; acute), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue (FACIT‐F), and MOS Sleep Scale.ResultsPatients received tofacitinib 5 mg (n = 133) or 10 mg (n = 134) or placebo advanced to tofacitinib 5 mg (n = 66) or 10 mg (n = 66). HAQ DI (reported previously), PtGA (P < 0.0001), and SF‐36v2 physical and mental component summary (P < 0.05) scores were improved for both tofacitinib doses versus placebo. Furthermore, improvements greater than or equal to the minimum clinically important difference were more frequently reported by tofacitinib‐treated patients versus placebo for PtGA (P < 0.05), pain (P < 0.0001), HAQ DI (P < 0.05), SF‐36v2 physical and mental component summary scores (P < 0.05), and FACIT‐F (P < 0.001 for 5 mg twice daily). No statistical differences were observed in the MOS Sleep Scale.ConclusionTofacitinib treatment resulted in significant, clinically meaningful improvements in multiple PROs versus placebo over 3 months of treatment in patients with active RA and a previous inadequate response to TNFi.
Diabetes Is Associated With Increased Hand Pain in Erosive Hand Osteoarthritis: Data From a Population‐Based Study
Authors: Magnusson Karin , Hagen Kåre Birger , Østerås Nina , Nordsletten Lars , Natvig Bård , Haugen Ida K. 
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveTo explore factors related to hand pain in persons with radiographic hand osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsPersons in the Musculoskeletal Pain in Ullensaker Study with radiographic hand OA (≥1 joint with Kellgren/Lawrence grade ≥2) were included (n = 530). We examined the cross‐sectional association between possible explanatory variables and hand pain in the entire sample and in 2 hand OA phenotypes (erosive versus nonerosive) using structural equation analyses. Outcome variables were the Australian/Canadian Hand Osteoarthritis Index (AUSCAN; range 0–20) and number of tender finger joints upon palpation (NTJ; range 0–30).ResultsThe mean age was 65 years (40–79 years) and 375 participants were women (71%). Diabetes mellitus, female sex, lower education status, familial OA, infrequent alcohol drinking, widespread pain, poor mental health, and higher number of finger joints with ultrasound‐detected synovitis and radiographic OA were related to more hand pain in the entire sample. Stratified analyses showed that diabetes mellitus was strongly associated with AUSCAN pain (B‐unstandardized coefficient = 3.81 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 2.27, 5.35]) and NTJ (B‐unstandardized coefficient = 4.16 [95% CI 2.01, 6.31]) in erosive hand OA only. In nonerosive OA, lower education status, having familial OA, and poor mental health were associated with hand OA pain. Widespread pain was associated with both outcomes in both phenotypes.ConclusionStructural and inflammatory OA changes as well as demographic factors, psychosocial factors, and diabetes mellitus were associated with pain in hand OA. The strong association between diabetes mellitus and pain in erosive hand OA should be further explored.
Disease Characteristics and Treatment Patterns in Veterans With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Concomitant Hepatitis C Infection
Authors: Patel Ruchika , Mikuls Ted R. , Richards John S. , Kerr Gail , Cannon Grant W. , Baker Joshua F. 
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveTo assess disease characteristics, disease activity, and treatment patterns in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with comorbid hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.MethodsRA patients with concomitant HCV were identified within the Veterans Affairs Rheumatoid Arthritis Registry. HCV was defined as at least 1 diagnostic code present in medical record databases. Generalized estimating equations in linear regression models compared component and composite measures of disease activity between HCV‐positive and HCV‐negative patients over the study period, accounting for within‐subject correlations. Similar analysis of pharmacy databases evaluated medication use within each group.ResultsNinety‐two of 1,706 registry participants (5.1%) were identified with concomitant HCV. At enrollment, HCV‐positive patients were younger (mean ± SD 61.7 ± 7.1 years versus 67.5 ± 11.2 years; P < 0.001), more often African American (35% versus 15%; P < 0.001), and smokers (48% versus 26%; P < 0.001). In unadjusted and adjusted analyses incorporating all study visits, patient‐reported outcomes (pain, tender joints, and patient global scores) were higher in HCV‐positive patients, contributing to higher disease activity scores. There was no difference in physician‐reported outcomes (swollen joints or physician global scores). HCV‐positive patients had lower C‐reactive protein levels (β −0.30 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) −0.53, −0.07], P = 0.01). Over all visits, HCV‐positive patients were less likely to receive methotrexate (odds ratio [OR] 0.27 [95% CI 0.17, 0.40], P < 0.001), and more likely to receive prednisone (OR 1.41 [95% CI 1.02, 1.97], P = 0.04) and anti–tumor necrosis factor α (anti‐TNFα) therapies (OR 1.51 [95% CI 1.04, 2.19], P = 0.03).ConclusionRA patients with concomitant HCV have higher disease activity scores, driven primarily by higher patient‐reported measures. HCV‐positive patients were more likely to be treated with prednisone and anti‐TNFα therapies and less likely to receive methotrexate compared to HCV‐negative patients.
Anthropometric Measurements as a Screening Test for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves and Accuracy
Authors: Mondelli Mauro , Curti Stefania , Farioli Andrea , Aretini Alessandro , Ginanneschi Federica , Greco Giuseppe , Mattioli Stefano 
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveTo identify optimal cutoff values for body, hand, and wrist measurements in order to correctly identify individuals with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.MethodsWe enrolled patients with CTS and control subjects at a 1:2 ratio, regardless of age and sex. The diagnosis of CTS was based on clinical findings and delayed distal conduction velocity of the median nerve. The anthropometric measurements included weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumferences, wrist depth/width, third digit length, and palm length/width. Obesity indicators and hand/wrist ratios were calculated. Area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios were calculated separately according to sex. To assess the role of multiple anthropometric measurements, we fit multivariable logistic regression models including age, wrist ratio, shape index, body mass index, and waist‐to‐hip ratio.ResultsThe study group comprised 1,117 subjects (250 female patients and 474 female controls; 120 male patients and 273 male controls). In women, the accuracy of all anthropometric measures was low (AUC ≤0.64). In men, the accuracy of the hand ratio, shape index, and wrist‐to‐palm ratio was moderate (AUC = 0.75). The estimates from the multivariable models confirmed the well‐known associations between the selected variables and the risk of CTS, but the use of multiple predictors did not dramatically improve the diagnostic performance observed for single anthropometric indexes.ConclusionIn clinical practice, the cutoff values for many anthropometric measurements have limited value as tools for the diagnosis of CTS.
Direct Oxidative Arylation of C(sp3)H Bonds Adjacent to Oxygen of Ethers and Alcohols
Authors: Pandit Rameshwar Prasad , Lee Yong Rok 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe direct arylation of C(sp3)H bonds adjacent to oxygen in ethers with phenol and naphthol derivatives was developed via palladium(II) acetate/copper(II) triflate [Pd(OAc)2/Cu(OTf)2]‐catalyzed cross‐dehydrgenative coupling in the presence of tert‐butyl hyroperoxide (TBHP). This process provides exclusive installation of a tetrahydrofuranyl moiety at a more hindered position of multiply substituted phenol derivatives. The cross‐dehydrogenative coupling of 1,4‐dihydroxynaphthalene with cyclic ethers and free alcohols afforded biologically interesting 2‐substituted 1,4‐naphthoquinone derivatives.magnified image
Consecutive Three‐Component Synthesis of 2,6‐Disubstituted Pyrimid‐4(3H)‐ones and 1,5‐Disubstituted 3‐Hydroxypyrazoles Initiated by Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Carboxylation of Terminal Alkynes
Authors: Schreiner Ella , Braun Stephan , Kwasnitschka Christiane , Frank Walter , Müller Thomas J. J. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA copper(I)‐catalyzed carboxylation of terminal alkynes followed trapping of the carboxylate with methyl iodide provides a straightforward access to 3‐substituted methyl propiolates that can be reacted in the same reaction vessel in a consecutive fashion to give 2,6‐disubstituted pyrimid‐4(3H)‐ones and 1,5‐disubstituted 3‐hydroxypyrazoles in moderate to good yields. The Cu(I)‐catalyzed carboxylation with carbon dioxide as C1 source therefore provides an environmentally benign entry to three‐carbon building blocks in heterocyclic synthesis.magnified image
Visible Light‐Mediated Coupling of α‐Bromochalcones with Alkenes
Authors: Paria Suva , Kais Viktor , Reiser Oliver 
Published: September 2014

AbstractPhotoredox catalyzed intermolecular couplings of α‐bromochalcones to olefins have been developed. Employing 1 mol% of the iridium complex Ir(ppy)3 as photocatalyst, vinyl radicals are generated from α‐bromochalcones as the key intermediate, which efficiently engage in a formal [4+2] cyclization with various alkenes. The resulting 3,4‐dihydronaphthalenes can be readily transformed to the corresponding naphthalenes and further cyclized to 5H‐benzo[c]fluorenes. Alternatively, Heck‐type coupling products are obtained with sterically more hindered alkenes or allylated products if the alkene possesses a suitable leaving group in the allylic position.magnified image
Parental childhood growth and offspring birthweight: Pooled analyses from four birth cohorts in low and middle income countries
Authors: Addo O.Y. , Stein A.D. , Fall C.H.D , Gigante D.P. , Guntupalli A.M. , Horta B.L. , Kuzawa C.W. , Lee N. , Norris S.A. , Osmond C. , Prabhakaran P. , Richter L.M. , Sachdev H.P.S. , Martorell R. ,   and on Behalf of the Cohorts Group
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveAssociations between parental and offspring size at birth are well established, but the relative importance of parental growth at different ages as predictors of offspring birthweight is less certain. Here we model parental birthweight and postnatal conditional growth in specific age periods as predictors of offspring birthweight.MethodsWe analyzed data from 3,392 adults participating in four prospective birth cohorts and 5,506 of their offspring.ResultsThere was no significant heterogeneity by study site or offspring sex. 1SD increase in maternal birthweight was associated with offspring birthweight increases of 102 g, 1SD in maternal length growth 0–2 year with 46 g, and 1SD in maternal height growth Mid‐childhood (MC)‐adulthood with 27 g. Maternal relative weight measures were associated with 24 g offspring birth weight increases (2 year‐ MC) and 49 g for MC‐adulthood period but not with earlier relative weight 0–2 year. For fathers, birthweight, and linear/length growth from 0–2 year were associated with increases of 57 and 56 g in offspring birthweight, respectively but not thereafter.ConclusionsMaternal and paternal birthweight and growth from birth to 2 year each predict offspring birthweight. Maternal growth from MC‐adulthood, relative weight from 2‐MC and MC‐adulthood also predict offspring birthweight. These findings suggest that shared genes and/or adequate nutrition during early life for both parents may confer benefits to the next generation, and highlight the importance of maternal height and weight prior to conception. The stronger matrilineal than patrilineal relationships with offspring birth weight are consistent with the hypothesis that improving the early growth conditions of young females can improve birth outcomes in the next generation. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 27:99–105, 2015. © 2014 The Authors American Journal of Human Biology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hybridization effects and genetic diversity of the common and black‐tufted marmoset (Callithrix jacchusandCallithrix penicillata) mitochondrial control region
Authors: Malukiewicz Joanna , Boere Vanner , Fuzessy Lisieux F. , Grativol Adriana D. , French Jeffrey A. , Silva Ita de Oliveira e , Pereira Luiz C.M. , Ruiz‐Miranda Carlos R. , Valença Yuri M. , Stone Anne C. 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTHybridization is continually documented in primates, but effects of natural and anthropogenic hybridization on biodiversity are still unclear and differentiating between these contexts remains challenging in regards to primate evolution and conservation. Here, we examine hybridization effects on the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region ofCallithrixmarmosets, which provide a unique glimpse into interspecific mating under distinct anthropogenic and natural conditions. DNA was sampled from 40 marmosets along a 50‐km transect from a previously uncharacterized hybrid zone in NE Brazil between the ranges ofCallithrix jacchusandCallithrix penicillata. DNA was also collected from 46 marmosets along a 30‐km transect in a hybrid zone in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, where exotic marmosets appeared in the 1980s. CombiningCallithrixDNA sampled inside and outside of these hybrid zones, phylogenetic and network analyses showC. jacchusandC. penicillatabeing parental species to sampled hybrids. We expand limitedCallithrixpopulation genetics work by describing mtDNA diversity and demographic history of these parental species. We show ancient population expansion inC. jacchusand historically constant population size inC. penicillata, with the latter being more genetically diverse than the former. The natural hybrid zone contained higher genetic diversity relative to the anthropogenic zone. While our data suggest hybrid swarm formation within the anthropogenic zone due to removed physical reproductive barriers, this pattern is not seen in the natural hybrid zone. These results suggest different genetic dynamics within natural and anthropogenic hybridization contexts that carry important implications for primate evolution and conservation. Am J Phys Anthropol 155:522–536, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effect of radiofrequency turbinoplasty vs two other methods in the management of polypoid changes of the middle turbinate: a randomized trial
Authors: Saedi Babak , Amali Amin , Alizadeh Narges , Hwang Peter , Meisami Ali Pasha 
Published: September 2014

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of middle turbinate radiofrequency (RF) turbinoplasty for the management of the polypoid middle turbinate compared to middle turbinate resection and middle turbinate medialization.MethodsThe study was performed on 90 patients at a tertiary referral hospital with nasal polyposis resistant to maximal medical treatment. At the time of functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), patients were randomized into 3 groups with respect to the management of the middle turbinate: middle turbinate turbinoplasty by RF; partial resection of the middle turbinate; and medialization of the middle turbinate by scarification to the septum. We evaluated the patients’ symptoms according to the 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) preoperatively and 1 year after surgery. Additionally, polyp recurrence and complications were compared among the 3 groups.ResultOne year after surgery, there was no significant difference in SNOT‐22 scores between the groups. However, the RF group had a significantly lower polyp recurrence rate when compared to other groups (p < 0.05).ConclusionRF middle turbinate turbinoplasty could be considered an alternative to other common approaches, but it needs further long‐term studies before widespread usage.
Processing behavior and mechanical properties of autopolymerizing hypoallergenic denture base polymers
Authors: Schellenberg Jürgen , Otto Tobias , Schadewald Anke 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTDriven by the phenomenon of increasing irritations and allergic reactions of dental prosthesis carriers preferably due to residual methyl methacrylate monomer in conventional dental materials, autopolymerizing hypoallergenic denture base polymers were prepared as two‐component materials in the shape of paste/paste‐ or powder/liquid systems. The processing behavior of these materials was investigated regarding the processing and solidification times also in dependence on the polymerization catalyst concentration, whereas the whole processing and curing characteristics and the final polymer properties were evaluated by dynamic mechanical analysis in shear mode in the temperature range from −145°C to 200°C. The mechanical properties of the hypoallergenic denture base polymers were validated regarding stiffness (flexural modulus E') and fracture toughness (maximum factor of loading intensity
, total work of fracture
) and the effects of monomer composition, kind of resin powder, impact modification by the liquid component, and water immersion on these properties were investigated. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41378.
Brief Report: Anti–Citrullinated Protein Antibody Positivity Correlates With Cartilage Damage and Proteoglycan Levels in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Hand Joints
Authors: Renner Nina , Krönke Gerhard , Rech Jürgen , Uder Michael , Janka Rolf , Lauer Lars , Paul Dominik , Herz Barbara , Schlechtweg Philipp , Hennig Friedrich Frank , Schett Georg , Welsch Götz 
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveTo investigate the factors associated with cartilage proteoglycan content in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsA total of 32 RA patients received high‐field 3T delayed gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) to determine cartilage proteoglycan content. Measurements were performed in 3 individual cartilage regions (medial, central, and lateral) of metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints 2 and 3. T1 dGEMRIC values were then related to disease duration, disease activity, anti–citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) status, rheumatoid factor (RF) status, and C‐reactive protein (CRP) level.ResultsT1 dGEMRIC values did not differ significantly between MCP joints 2 and 3. Intraclass correlation coefficients were high (>0.92) for all 3 cartilage compartments (medial, central, and lateral). T1 dGEMRIC values were significantly lower in RA patients with longer disease duration (≥3 years) (P = 0.034 for the central compartment) and those with ACPA positivity (P = 0.0002 for the central compartment, P = 0.013 for the lateral compartment). In contrast, no associations were found between cartilage proteoglycan content and disease activity, CRP level, or RF status.ConclusionDecreased cartilage proteoglycan content in RA patients is associated with disease duration and ACPA positivity but not with actual disease activity, CRP level, or RF status. These data suggest that the cumulative burden of inflammation as well as ACPAs are the determinants of cartilage damage in RA.
Brief Report: Autoantibodies to DNA Mismatch Repair Enzymes in Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis and Other Autoimmune Diseases: A Possible Marker of Favorable Prognosis
Authors: Muro Yoshinao , Nakashima Ran , Hosono Yuji , Sugiura Kazumitsu , Mimori Tsuneyo , Akiyama Masashi 
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveMyositis‐specific autoantibodies (MSAs) are useful tools for identifying clinical subsets of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs). There have been few reports on antibodies to some DNA mismatch repair enzymes (MMREs) in patients with IIMs. This study was undertaken to determine the frequencies and clinical associations of antibodies to 7 types of MMREs (MLH1, MLH3, MSH2, MSH3, MSH6, PMS1, and PMS2) in patients with IIMs and other systemic autoimmune diseases.MethodsClinical data and serum samples were collected from 239 Japanese patients with IIMs (147 with adult dermatomyositis, 13 with juvenile dermatomyositis, 57 with polymyositis, and 22 with myositis overlap syndrome). One hundred patients with other diseases, including 40 with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), were assessed as disease controls. The presence of anti‐MMRE antibodies in serum was examined by immunoprecipitation, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and immunoprecipitation/Western blotting.ResultsAnti‐MMRE antibodies were found in 15 patients with IIMs and 3 patients with SLE. They were restricted to MLH1, PMS1, MSH2, and PMS2, with simultaneous positivity for more than one of these antibodies occurring in some patients. Nine IIM patients with anti‐MMREs also had other MSAs and their associated clinical features. All patients with anti‐MMREs were still living at the time of the present analysis.ConclusionAnti‐MMRE antibodies, which often coexist with other MSAs, may be serologic markers for good prognosis in IIMs.
Simple amino acid tags improve both expression and secretion of Candida antarctica lipase B in recombinant Escherichia coli
Authors: Kim Sun‐Ki , Park Yong‐Cheol , Lee Hyung Ho , Jeon Seung Taeg , Min Won‐Ki , Seo Jin‐Ho 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTEscherichia coli is the best‐established microbial host strain for production of proteins and chemicals, but has a weakness for not secreting high amounts of active heterologous proteins to the extracellular culture medium, of which origins belong to whether prokaryotes or eukaryotes. In this study, Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB), a popular eukaryotic enzyme which catalyzes a number of biochemical reactions and barely secreted extracellularly, was expressed functionally at a gram scale in culture medium by using a simple amino acid‐tag system of E. coli. New fusion tag systems consisting of a pelB signal sequence and various anion amino acid tags facilitated both intracellular expression and extracellular secretion of CalB. Among them, the N‐terminal five aspartate tag changed the quaternary structure of the dimeric CalB and allowed production of 1.9 g/L active CalB with 65 U/mL activity in culture medium, which exhibited the same enzymatic properties as the commercial CalB. This PelB‐anion amino acid tag‐based expression system for CalB can be extended to production of other industrial proteins hardly expressed and exported from E. coli, thereby increasing target protein concentrations and minimizing purification steps. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 346–355. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.