bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scheduling and continuity techniques in a changing television landscape: A case study in Flanders
Authors: den Bulck Hilde Van , Tambuyzer Sil , Simons Nele 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Taking the re-introduction of revamped television station VIER in the Flemish television landscape as a case in point, this article wants to contribute to the discussion about the future of linear broadcast television in what is often considered as the post-linear era. It does so by means of an empirical analysis and evaluation of the current importance of two characteristics of linear television: scheduling and continuity techniques that are key in creating and maintaining channel identity. Analysis of a diachronic sample of television schedules and of evolving continuity techniques for Flemish television channels één, VTM and VT4/VIER and these channels’ evolving continuity techniques, combined with interviews with senior management and an analysis of audience ratings reveals that scheduling and continuity techniques remain top of mind of television management and still influence audience behaviour. At the same time, there are indications that these techniques are being adjusted to the non-linear, converging television and multiplatform media environment. Disucssion of the results aim to contribute to a better understanding of the potential of linear television in the post-linear era and of the shifting communicative relationship between broadcast media and their audiences throughout broadcast history.
Changing influences on the concept of ‘media influence’
Authors: Flew Terry 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The concept of media influence has a long history in media and communication studies, and has also had significant influence on public policy. This article revisits questions of media influence through three short case studies. First, it critically analyses the strongly partisan position of News Corporation’s newspapers against the Labor government during the 2013 Australian Federal election to consider whether the potential for media influence equated to the effective use of media power. Second, it discusses the assumption in broadcasting legislation, in both the United Kingdom and Australia, that terrestrial broadcasting should be subject to more content regulation than subscription services, and notes the new challenges arising from digital television and over-the-top video streaming services. Finally, it discusses the rise of multi-platform global content aggregators such as Google, Apple, Microsoft and others, and how their rise necessitates changes in ways of thinking about concentration of media ownership, and regulations that may ensue from it.
Multiplicity theorems for semilinear Robin problems
Authors: Papageorgiou Nikolaos S. , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
We consider a semilinear Robin problem driven by the Laplacian with a reaction which does not satisfy a global growth condition, only a local one. Using variational methods coupled with truncation and perturbation techniques and Morse theory, we prove two multiplicity theorems producing four and three nontrivial solutions respectively, all with precise sign. Also, we show that our results incorporate as a special case a semilinear parametric problem which has been considered primarily in the context of Dirichlet problems.
Use of a novel, modified fishbone diagram to analyze diagnostic errors
Authors: Reilly James B. , Myers Jennifer S. , Salvador Doug , Trowbridge Robert L. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Diagnostic errors comprise a critical subset of medical errors and often stem from errors in individual cognition. While traditional patient safety methods for dissecting medical errors focus on faulty systems, such methods are often less useful in cases of diagnostic error, and a broader cognitive framework is needed to ensure a comprehensive analysis of these complex events. The fishbone diagram is a widely utilized patient safety tool that helps to facilitate root cause analysis discussions. This tool was expanded by the authors to reflect the contributions of both systems and individual cognitive errors to diagnostic errors. We describe how two medical centers have applied this modified fishbone diagram to approach diagnostic errors in a way that better meets the patient safety and educational needs of their respective institutions.
Conversion between basic density and apparent density at any moisture content in Eucalyptus grandis
Authors: Costa Vladimir Eliodoro , de Rezende Marcos Antônio , Rodrigues Valdemir Antônio 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Wood basic density (BD) is related to other wood characteristics and its determination is important in forest inventory, though BD must be differentiated from the apparent density (AD), which relates to the moisture content (MC) of wood. The aim of this study is to demonstrate a reliable conversion from BD to AD for any MC of Eucalyptus grandis wood based on two exponential and linear models that relate volumetric shrinkage to MC. To this end, wood specimens were submitted to drying and the volumetric shrinkage was determined as a function of MC. The two models proved to be efficient in the conversion of BD to AD and vice versa.
Adverse perinatal outcomes related to the delivery mode in women with monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies
Authors: Yamashita Akiko , Ishii Keisuke , Taguchi Takako , Mabuchi Aki , Ota Shiyo , Sasahara Jun , Hayashi Syusaku , Mitsuda Nobuaki 
Published: April 2014

Abstract

Aims: The association between the planned delivery mode and adverse perinatal outcomes of monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies at ≥36 weeks’ gestation was evaluated.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included uncomplicated MCDA twin pregnancies delivered after 36 weeks’ gestation during a 10-year period. Cases were classified into the trial of labor (TOL) or cesarean section (CS) group according to the planned delivery mode. The primary outcome was a composite of adverse outcomes for at least one twin, including intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) after 36 weeks, neonatal death, umbilical artery pH<7.1, 5-min Apgar scores<7, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), or acute feto-fetal hemorrhage (AFFH). The relationship between outcomes and the planned delivery mode was evaluated using a multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results: We included the 310 pregnancies delivered after 36 weeks’ gestation. After excluding 15 patients, the final analysis included 295 MCDA pregnancies: 63% had delivered through TOL and 37% through CS. The incidences of composite adverse outcomes in the TOL and CS groups were 4.3% and 1.9%, respectively. No IUFD, neonatal death, MAS, RDS, or AFFH was observed; two infants in each group developed HIE. Adverse outcomes were not significantly associated with any risk factor, including delivery through TOL.

Conclusion: TOL may not influence the perinatal outcomes of MCDA twin pregnancies delivered at ≥36 weeks’ gestation.
Fabrication of aluminum wires treated with nanocomposite pellets
Authors: Florián-Algarín David , Padilla Alexandra , López Neshma N. , Suárez Oscar Marcelo 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
This study focuses on the fabrication of aluminum treated with nanocomposites made of aluminum and NbB2 and ZrB2 nanoparticles. These nanoparticles were obtained by fragmentation in a ball mill and then mechanically alloyed with pure aluminum powder to form Al/NbB2 and Al/ZrB2 nanocomposite pellets, which were then sintered at 260°C for half an hour to improve the metal/borides interface. The sintered nanocomposites were incorporated into molten pure aluminum to produce 1-mm-diameter wires after cold forming. The wire specimens were mechanically characterized and their electrical resistivity was measured. Our results demonstrated the feasibility of improving the mechanical properties of aluminum wires with the addition of nanocomposites without significantly affecting their electrical conductivity.
CZT-1 Is a Novel Transcription Factor Controlling Cell Death and Natural Drug Resistance in Neurospora crassa
Authors: Gonçalves A Pedro , Hall Charles , Kowbel David J , Glass N Louise , Videira Arnaldo 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
We pinpoint CZT-1 (cell death–activated zinc cluster transcription factor) as a novel transcription factor involved in tolerance to cell death induced by the protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine in Neurospora crassa. Transcriptional profiling of staurosporine-treated wild-type cells by RNA-sequencing showed that genes encoding the machinery for protein synthesis are enriched among the genes repressed by the drug. Functional category enrichment analyses also show that genes encoding components of the mitochondrial respiratory chain are downregulated by staurosporine, whereas genes involved in endoplasmic reticulum activities are upregulated. In contrast, a staurosporine-treated Δczt-1 deletion strain is unable to repress the genes for the respiratory chain and to induce the genes related to the endoplasmic reticulum, indicating a role for CZT-1 in the regulation of activity of these organelles. The Δczt-1 mutant strain displays increased reactive oxygen species accumulation on insult with staurosporine. A genome-wide association study of a wild population of N. crassa isolates pointed out genes associated with a cell death role of CZT-1, including catalase-1 (cat-1) and apoptosis-inducing factor–homologous mitochondrion-associated inducer of death 2 (amid-2). Importantly, differences in the expression of czt-1 correlates with resistance to staurosporine among wild isolate strains. Our results reveal a novel transcription factor that regulates drug resistance and cell death in response to staurosporine in laboratory strains as well as in wild isolates of N. crassa.
Carrier Dynamics in MOVPE-Grown Bulk InGaAsNSb Materials and Epitaxial Lift-Off GaAs Double Heterostructures for Multi-junction Solar Cells
Authors: Sin Yongkun , LaLumondiere Stephen , Wells Nathan , Lingley Zachary , Presser Nathan , Lotshaw William , Moss Steven C. , Kim Tae Wan , Forghani Kamran , Mawst Luke J. , Kuech Thomas F. , Tatavarti Rao , Wibowo Andree , Pan Noren 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTHigh performance and cost effective multi-junction III-V solar cells are attractive for satellite applications. High performance multi-junction solar cells are based on a triple-junction design that employs an InGaP top-junction, a GaAs middle-junction, and a bottom-junction consisting of a 1.0 – 1.25 eV-material. The most attractive 1.0 – 1.25 eV-material is the lattice-matched dilute nitride such as InGaAsN(Sb). A record efficiency of 43.5% was achieved from multi-junction solar cells including dilute nitride materials [1]. In addition, cost effective manufacturing of III-V triple-junction solar cells can be achieved by employing full-wafer epitaxial lift-off (ELO) technology, which enables multiple substrate re-usages. We employed time-resolved photoluminescence (TR-PL) techniques to study carrier dynamics in both pre- and post-ELO processed GaAs double heterostructures (DHs) as well as in MOVPE-grown bulk dilute nitride layers lattice matched to GaAs substrates.
Effect of Student-Led Undergraduate Research Experience on Learning and Attitudes --A Practice in An Introductory Materials Science Course
Authors: Zhou Yuanyuan , Arroyave Raymundo , Radovic Miladin 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTAn introductory materials science course has been traditionally taught at Texas A&M University - like at many other universities - through lectures with minimal active student involvement. With this approach, most students just reproduce what they are given and accept it without any challenge or question. The authors have redesigned this course to include an active learning component. While the course consists of lecture-based classes during regular teaching hours to keep the essence of traditional teaching, the authors incorporated a research experience to their class in order to engage students and encourage them to apply the content seen in class to real-word problems with a higher level of expertise. The aim of the study was to discover the effectiveness of the authors’ redesign. We hypothesized that the research experience would facilitate the learning of knowledge content and the enthusiasm for the chosen field of study, i. e. engineering. The results reveal that students in the experimental condition consistently show a greater gain in knowledge, but there is no sufficient evidence suggesting that the research experience increase the student’s enthusiasm to be an engineer.
Abrikosov-like lattices in organic crystals on graphite surface
Authors: Fonseca Alexandre F. , Lisboa-Filho Paulo N. 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTThe interest for surface patterning presents a fast increasing in the last few years due to several factors ranging from miniaturization trends and sensor design to worries about the absorption of carcinogenic molecules on inhalable particles. Although the existence of a vast literature regarding the self-assembly and patterning of nanoparticles on different types of surfaces, it remains unclear the dynamics and main mechanisms behind the formation and maintenance of two-dimensional symmetric patterns of small molecules on top of surfaces. In this contribution, we report initial results on an investigation on the similarities between the well-known Abrikosov hexagonal lattices in superconductors, and the spontaneous formation of hexagonal patterns of some small polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on top of a graphitic surface. In order to attest our results, some experimental results from literature are compared to the obtained results.
Dietary Protein Intake and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Europe: The EPIC-InterAct Case-Cohort Study
Authors: van Nielen Monique , Feskens Edith J.M. , Mensink Marco , Sluijs Ivonne , Molina Esther , Amiano Pilar , Ardanaz Eva , Balkau Beverly , Beulens Joline W.J. , Boeing Heiner , Clavel-Chapelon Françoise , Fagherazzi Guy , Franks Paul W. , Halkjaer Jytte , Huerta José Maria , Katzke Verena , Key Timothy J. , Khaw Kay Tee , Krogh Vittorio , Kühn Tilman , Menéndez Virginia V.M. , Nilsson Peter , Overvad Kim , Palli Domenico , Panico Salvatore , Rolandsson Olov , Romieu Isabelle , Sacerdote Carlotta , Sánchez Maria-José , Schulze Matthias B. , Spijkerman Annemieke M.W. , Tjonneland Anne , Tumino Rosario , van der A Daphne L. , Würtz Anne M.L. , Zamora-Ros Raul , Langenberg Claudia , Sharp Stephen J. , Forouhi Nita G. , Riboli Elio , Wareham Nicholas J. 
Published: April 2014

OBJECTIVE
The long-term association between dietary protein and type 2 diabetes incidence is uncertain. We aimed to investigate the association between total, animal, and plant protein intake and the incidence of type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The prospective European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct case-cohort study consists of 12,403 incident type 2 diabetes cases and a stratified subcohort of 16,154 individuals from eight European countries, with an average follow-up time of 12.0 years. Pooled country-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CI of prentice-weighted Cox regression analyses were used to estimate type 2 diabetes incidence according to protein intake.

RESULTS
After adjustment for important diabetes risk factors and dietary factors, the incidence of type 2 diabetes was higher in those with high intake of total protein (per 10 g: HR 1.06 [95% CI 1.02–1.09], Ptrend &lt; 0.001) and animal protein (per 10 g: 1.05 [1.02–1.08], Ptrend = 0.001). Effect modification by sex (P &lt; 0.001) and BMI among women (P &lt; 0.001) was observed. Compared with the overall analyses, associations were stronger in women, more specifically obese women with a BMI &gt;30 kg/m2 (per 10 g animal protein: 1.19 [1.09–1.32]), and nonsignificant in men. Plant protein intake was not associated with type 2 diabetes (per 10 g: 1.04 [0.93–1.16], Ptrend = 0.098).

CONCLUSIONS
High total and animal protein intake was associated with a modest elevated risk of type 2 diabetes in a large cohort of European adults. In view of the rapidly increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes, limiting iso-energetic diets high in dietary proteins, particularly from animal sources, should be considered.
NETWORKED ROBUST PREDICTIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS DESIGN WITH PACKET LOSS
Authors: Nguyen Quang T. , Veselý Vojtech , Kozáková Alena , Pakshin Pavel 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The paper addresses problem of designing a robust output feedback model predictive control for uncertain linear systems over networks with packet-loss. The packet-loss process is arbitrary and bounded by the control horizon of model predictive control. Networked predictive control systems with packet loss are modeled as switched linear systems. This enables us to apply the theory of switched systems to establish the stability condition. The stabilizing controller design is based on sufficient robust stability conditions formulated as a solution of bilinear matrix inequality. Finally, a benchmark numerical example-double integrator is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
NEW APPROACH TO OPTIMIZE THE APFS PLACEMENT BASED ON INSTANTANEOUS REACTIVE POWER THEORY BY GENETIC ALGORITHM
Authors: Hashemi-Dezaki Hamed , Mohammadalizadeh-Shabestary Masoud , Askarian-Abyaneh Hossein , Rezaei-Jegarluei Mohammad 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
In electrical distribution systems, a great amount of power are wasting across the lines, also nowadays power factors, voltage profiles and total harmonic distortions (THDs) of most loads are not as would be desired. So these important parameters of a system play highly important role in wasting money and energy, and besides both consumers and sources are suffering from a high rate of distortions and even instabilities. Active power filters (APFs) are innovative ideas for solving of this adversity which have recently used instantaneous reactive power theory. In this paper, a novel method is proposed to optimize the allocation of APFs. The introduced method is based on the instantaneous reactive power theory in vectorial representation. By use of this representation, it is possible to asses different compensation strategies. Also, APFs proper placement in the system plays a crucial role in either reducing the losses costs and power quality improvement. To optimize the APFs placement, a new objective function has been defined on the basis of five terms: total losses, power factor, voltage profile, THD and cost. Genetic algorithm has been used to solve the optimization problem. The results of applying this method to a distribution network illustrate the method advantages.
Transformation of Delta Ferrite Into Sigma Phase in Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steels After Long-Term High-Temperature Service Exposure
Authors: Neidel A. , Fischer B. , Riesenbeck S. , Cagliyan E. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
A service temperature increase of turbine exhaust casing liners of heavy-duty industrial gas turbines, driven by the need to raise thermal efficiencies, motivated a number of ageing trials. Casing liners are often made of metastable austenitic stainless steels, suitable for high temperature applications. Alloys such as 321SS and 347SS might contain, in the as-cast condition, rather large amounts of delta ferrite, if not further processed by rolling or forging, easily in excess of 15 %. Even rolled sheet and bar might contain significant volume fractions of that phase if welded, up to 15 % or so in the heat affected zone (HAZ) immediately adjacent to the fusion line, and in the weld metal. It is known from the literature and from field experience that delta ferrite might decompose into sigma phase after long-term service exposure at elevated temperatures. This may embrittle the material and can be detrimental to mechanical properties. It could also deleteriously affect creep strength. The main aim of ageing trials described in this paper was to study the phase stability of delta ferrite under simulated service conditions. The results are correlated to metallographic testing results, obtained from examining actual service components of heavy-duty gas turbine engines in the field.
Comparative Hydrogen Fracturing as a Means to Unambiguously Clarify Failure
Authors: Kühn S. , Unterumsberger F. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Generally, the clarification of hydrogen induced component damage cases by means of failure analysis is based on fractographic examinations in combination with hydrogen analyses. However, due to high diffusion rates of hydrogen in steels at RT (room temperature), providing the analytical evidence of an excessive hydrogen content is rarely possible. This work presents potential production and application related hydrogen sources as well as the mechanisms of hydrogen induced delayed formation of cracks and illustrates a systematical approach to produce comparative hydrogen fracturing. Therefore, the damaged component's specific material condition is the basis in order to generate a comparative fracture surface with an identical fracture morphology and applying the same damage mechanism.
Crack in an Inlet Manifold
Authors: Jurkschat D. M. , Heiermann I. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
During the inspection, following a test run for component development purposes, a crack was discovered in the inlet manifold on a diesel generator. On closer inspection a fatigue crack was found in the ribbed section of the manifold. The failure mechanism initiated at an discontinuity of identical material in the cross section of the component, which acted as an internal stress raiser thus initiating the start of the fatigue crack.