bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative ipso‐Rearrangement Performed by a Hypervalent Iodine Reagent and Its Application.
Authors: Jacquemot Guillaume , Canesi Sylvain 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn the presence of Ph‐I(O‐Ac)2 and (CF3)2CH‐OH, phenols like (I), (VI), and (X) as well as anilines such as (VIII) undergo novel ipso rearrangement to afford dienones of type (III) and (XI) bearing a quaternary center.
ChemInform Abstract: Exploration of Forbidden Povarov Processes as a Source of Unexpected Reactivity: A Multicomponent Mannich—Ritter Transformation.
Authors: Preciado Sara , Vicente‐Garcia Esther , Llabres Salome , Luque F. Javier , Lavilla Rodolfo 
Published: December 2012

AbstractImines not suitable for the classical Povarov reaction undergo a Mannich/Ritter sequence under these reaction conditions leading to a variety of fused pyrimidine derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Free Superbase‐Promoted Stereoselective α‐Vinylation of Ketones with Arylacetylenes: A General Strategy for Synthesis of β,γ‐Unsaturated Ketones.
Authors: Trofimov Boris A. , Schmidt Elena Yu. , Zorina Nadezhda V. , Ivanova Elena V. , Ushakov Igor A. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe (E) isomers are formed selectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed C—H Activation of Arenes Using a Versatile and Removable Triazene Directing Group.
Authors: Wang Chengming , Chen Hu , Wang Zhaofeng , Chen Jiean , Huang Yong 
Published: December 2012

AbstractArenes are selectively olefinated by acrylates or acrylonitrile at the ortho‐position to the piperidine‐, pyrrolidine‐, or dibenzylamine‐derived triazene directing group.
ChemInform Abstract: Expeditious and Novel Synthesis of α‐Hydroxyesters via Rhodium—NHC Catalyzed Arylation of Ethyl Glyoxalate.
Authors: Marques Carolina S. , Burke Anthony J. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe presented chiral NHC based catalytic system has proved more efficacious than some commercial achiral NHC precursors.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of α‐Amido‐indanones via Formal Allenamide Hydroacylation—Nazarov Cyclization.
Authors: Wu Yen‐Ku , Niu Tianmin , West F. G. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractA novel approach to amido‐substituted Nazarov precursors (III), (VI) and (IX) through hydroacylation of aldehydes (II), (V) and (VIII) and a lithiated allenamide (I) is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Oxazolination of C702‐ and Formation of cis‐1 C70 Adduct with Respect to the Apical Pentagon.
Authors: Ni Ling , Yang Wei‐Wei , Li Zong‐Jun , Wu Di , Gao Xiang 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIt is found that treatment of the fullerene anion with PhCN and air results in formation of the oxazoline (III) with unusual regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 2,3,4‐Trisubstituted Furans via Cascade Reactions of Aryloxy‐enynes with Aryl Halides.
Authors: Li Ende , Cheng Xingcan , Wang Chengyu , Shao Yushang , Li Yanzhong 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIt allows a mild and efficient access to various 2,3,4‐trisubstituted furans.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver Acetate Catalyzed Hydroamination of 1‐(2‐(Sulfonylamino)phenyl)prop‐2‐yn‐1‐ols to (Z)‐2‐Methylene‐1‐sulfonylindolin‐3‐ols.
Authors: Susanti Dewi , Koh Fujiet , Kusuma Jeffrey Antonius , Kothandaraman Prasath , Chan Philip Wai Hong 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe efficient and straightforward approach allows access to a wide range of indolinols and related compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Sequential Electrophilic Trifluoromethanesulfanylation—Cyclization of Tryptamine Derivatives: Synthesis of C(3)‐Trifluoromethanesulfanylated Hexahydropyrrolo[2,3‐b]indoles.
Authors: Yang Yi , Jiang Xueliang , Qing Feng‐Ling 
Published: December 2012

AbstractTosOH‐mediated treatment of some tryptamine derivatives with the sulfanylamide (II) allows a practical and efficient access to hexahydropyrroloindoles of type (III) and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Benzisoxazolones from Benzohydroxamic Acids via C—H Activation.
Authors: Gao Xi‐Ai , Yan Ru‐Long , Wang Xian‐Xue , Yan Hao , Li Jian , Guo Han , Huang Guo‐Sheng 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe method provides an efficient approach to various benzisoxazolones and related compounds such as (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Aryl Benzothiazoles via K2S2O8‐Mediated Oxidative Condensation of Benzothiazoles with Aryl Aldehydes.
Authors: Yang Zhiyong , Chen Xiang , Wang Sizhuo , Liu Jidan , Xie Kai , Wang Anwei , Tan Ze 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIt provides a new approach to various 2‐arylated benzothiazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Multicomponent Synthesis of Polysubstituted Dihydroquinoline Derivatives.
Authors: Yu Yan , Tu Man‐Su , Jiang Bo , Wang Shu‐Liang , Tu Shu‐Jiang 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe domino construction of the desired heterocyclic scaffold (26 examples) proceeds with concomitant formation of 2 new cycles in a one‐pot operation.
ChemInform Abstract: Access to Electron‐Rich Arene‐Fused Hexahydroquinolizinones Through a Gold‐Catalysis‐Initiated Cascade Process.
Authors: Liu Lianzhu , Zhang Liming 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe cascade reaction of amides tethered with a terminal alkyne moiety proceeds via a gold‐catalyzed amide cyclization followed by a Ferrier rearrangement.
ChemInform Abstract: Potassium Boc‐Protected Secondary Aminomethyltrifluoroborates: Synthesis and Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Molander Gary A. , Shin Inji 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe title borates represent a new class of nucleophiles which can be coupled with a number of aryl/heteroaryl chlorides to give the corresponding aminomethylated arenes.
ChemInform Abstract: A Synthetic Method for Palladium‐Catalyzed Stannylation at the 5‐ and 6‐Benzo Positions of Indoles.
Authors: Corcoran Emily B. , Williams Anna B. , Hanson Robert N. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn contrast to previous methods, the present method eliminates the need for high catalyst loading and protection of the indolic nitrogen.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal Complexes Containing the Dinucleating Tetra‐N‐Dentate 3,5‐Bis(2‐pyridyl)pyrazole (Hbpp) Ligand — A Robust Scaffold for Multiple Applications Including the Catalytic Oxidation of Water to Molecular Oxygen
Authors: Garcia‐Anton Jordi , Bofill Roger , Escriche Lluis , Llobet Antoni , Sala Xavier 
Published: December 2012

AbstractReview: ca. 100 refs.
Novel Organic Dyes Based on Bulky Tri(triphenylamine)‐Substituted Styrene for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Zhiyun , Han Jinlong , Li Xin , Cai Shengyun , Su Jianhua 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThree novel donor‐π‐acceptor (D‐π‐A) metal‐free organic dyes (TB, TS and TF) based on tri(triphenylamine)‐substituted styrene as donor with various conjugated linkers (benzene, thiophene and furan) were synthesized, characterized and used for the application of dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Under the same condition, The photo‐to‐electrical conversion efficiency of the DSSCs sensitized with TB, TS and TF reach 1.84%, 4.10% and 4.52%, respectively, which are lower than that sensitized with R1 (5.02%) with one triphenylamine unit. The results suggest that these bulky donor‐based sensitizers are unfavorable to DSSCs.
A New Synthetic Method of (Z)‐4‐Aryl‐but‐2‐en‐1‐ols via Suzuki‐Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reaction of 4‐Substituted 1,2‐Oxaborol‐2(5H)‐ols with Benzyl Bromides
Authors: Yu Tao , Wu Xinyan , Yang Jun 
Published: December 2012

AbstractZ and E configuration 4‐aryl‐but‐2‐en‐1‐ols were isolated from several terrestrial plants, and (Z)‐4‐aryl‐but‐2en‐1‐ols were found to have choleretic activity. Strategies have been reported to synthesize (E)‐4‐aryl‐but‐2‐en‐1ols with high selectivity. However, there is no method to obtain (Z)‐4‐aryl‐but‐2‐en‐1‐ols with high selectivity now. We developed a Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction of 1,2‐oxaborol‐2(5H)‐ols with benzyl bromides to synthesize (Z)‐4‐aryl‐but‐2‐en‐1‐ols, the products were obtained in up to 94% isolated yield.
Androgen receptors mediate masculinization of astrocytes in the rat posterodorsal medial amygdala during puberty
Authors: Johnson Ryan T. , Breedlove S. Marc , Jordan Cynthia L. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAstrocytes in the posterodorsal portion of the medial amygdala (MePD) are sexually dimorphic in adult rats: males have more astrocytes in the right MePD and more elaborate processes in the left MePD than do females. Functional androgen receptors (ARs) are required for masculinization of MePD astrocytes, as these measures are demasculinized in adult males carrying the testicular feminization mutation (Tfm) of the AR gene, which renders AR dysfunctional. We now report that the number of astrocytes is already sexually dimorphic in the right MePD of juvenile 25‐day‐old (P25) rats. Because Tfm males have as many astrocytes as wild‐type males at this age, this prepubertal sexual dimorphism is independent of ARs. After P25, astrocyte number increases in the MePD of all groups, but activation of ARs augments this increase in the right MePD, where more astrocytes are added in males than in Tfm males. Consequently, by adulthood, females and Tfm males have equivalent numbers of astrocytes in the right MePD. Sexual dimorphism in astrocyte arbor complexity in the left MePD arises after P25, and is entirely AR‐dependent. Thus, masculinization of MePD astrocytes is a result of both AR‐independent processes before the juvenile period and AR‐dependent processes afterward. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:2298–2309, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Accounting for patient variability in finite element analysis of the intact and implanted hip and knee: A review
Authors: Taylor Mark , Bryan Rebecca , Galloway Francis 
Published: December 2012

SUMMARYIt is becoming increasingly difficult to differentiate the performance of new joint replacement designs using available preclinical test methods. Finite element analysis is commonly used and the majority of published studies are performed on representative anatomy, assuming optimal implant placement, subjected to idealised loading conditions. There are significant differences between patients and accounting for this variability will lead to better assessment of the risk of failure. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the techniques available to account for patient variability. There is a brief overview of patient‐specific model generation techniques, followed by a review of multisubject patient‐specific studies performed on the intact and implanted femur and tibia. In particular, the challenges and limitations of manually generating models for such studies are discussed. To efficiently account for patient variability, the application of statistical shape and intensity models (SSIM) are being developed. Such models have the potential to synthetically generate thousands of representative models generated from a much smaller training set. Combined with the automation of the prosthesis implantation process, SSIM provides a potentially powerful tool for assessing the next generation of implant designs. The potential application of SSIM are discussed along with their limitations. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Anchoring Transition Induced by Gelation in a Liquid Crystal System
Authors: Bhargavi R. , Nair Geetha G. , Prasad S. Krishna 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWe report a novel type of anchoring transition (ANT) in a liquid crystal driven by the physical gelation of the system. The ANT manifests as anomaly in the thermal behaviour of the dielectric permittivity. Data from X‐ray studies suggest that ANT is caused by the ability of the gel fibres to compete with the substrate‐driven orientation conditions. It is further found that the molecular reorientation is possible only in cases where the gel is weak, the difference between weak and strong gels being established by rheological measurements.
Blue‐Emitting Nanocrystals, Microcrystals, and Highly Oriented Nanofibers Prepared by Reprecipitation and Solvent Drop‐Casting of 2‐Phenyl‐naphthoxazoles
Authors: Ghodbane Abdelhamid , Colléaux Jérémy , Saffon Nathalie , Mahiou Rachid , Galaup Jean‐Pierre , Fery‐Forgues Suzanne 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThree 2‐phenyl‐naphth[2,3‐d]oxazole derivatives, one of them being unsubstituted (1) and the two others bearing a methyl (2) and a tert‐butyl group (3) in the para position of the phenyl ring, were prepared. In the crystalline state, all compounds adopted a crossed‐stacking mode that favors fluorescence emission. They emitted in the blue region and their photoluminescence quantum yield ranged between 25 and 59 %. The preparation of micro/nanoparticles by simple methods was optimized. By using a solvent‐exchange method, the compounds readily gave microcrystals, the size and shape of which closely depend on the nature of the substituent, as well as nanocrystals that measured around 200 nm. The proportion of micro‐ and nanocrystals was modulated by the experimental conditions and the two populations could be separated by filtration for subsequent use. For unsubstituted compound 1, drop‐casting from a solution in tetrahydrofuran spontaneously generated an array of parallel and almost perpendicularly oriented nanofibers that exhibited efficient waveguiding properties. Owing to their robustness, good solid‐state optical properties, and to the simplicity of particle preparation, these naphthoxazole derivatives appear as promising candidates for the fabrication of blue‐emitting tracers and nanofibers.
Syntheses of Chiral 1,8‐Cineole Metabolites and Determination of Their Enantiomeric Composition in Human Urine After Ingestion of 1,8‐Cineole‐Containing Capsules
Authors: Schaffarczyk Monika , Balaban Teodor Silviu , Rychlik Michael , Buettner Andrea 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe chiral metabolites in human urine were investigated after ingestion of a 1,8‐cineole (eucalyptol)‐containing entero‐coated capsule (Soledum). For identification of the various enantiomers the enantiomerically pure (−/+)‐α2‐hydroxy‐1,8‐cineole, (−/+)‐β2‐hydroxy‐1,8‐cineole, (−/+)‐9‐hydroxy‐1,8‐cineole, and (−/+)‐2‐oxo‐1,8‐cineole were prepared. To achieve this aim, after acetylation of the synthesized racemic 2‐ and 9‐hydroxy‐1,8‐cineoles, pig liver esterase‐ or yeast‐mediated hydrolysis provided the (−)‐alcohols with their antipodal (+)‐acetates with enantiomeric excess of 33–100 %. Dess–Martin periodinane oxidation of the alcohol (+)‐α2‐hydroxy‐1,8‐cineole, obtained by hydrolysis of the resolved acetate, provided the corresponding (+)‐2‐oxo‐1,8‐cineole, meanwhile the oxidation of (−)‐α2‐hydroxy‐1,8‐cineole gave (−)‐2‐oxo‐1,8‐cineole. Using these standards seven metabolites (+/−)‐α2‐hydroxy‐1,8‐cineole, (+/−)‐β2‐hydroxy‐1,8‐cineole, (+/−)‐α3‐hydroxycineole, (+/−)‐3‐oxo‐1,8‐cineole, 4‐hydroxy‐1,8‐cineole, 7‐hydroxy‐1,8‐cineole, and (+/−)‐9‐hydroxy‐1,8‐cineole, all liberated from their glucuronides, were identified in urine by GC‐MS on a chiral stationary phase after consumption of 100 mg of 1,8‐cineole. Metabolite screening using 2H3‐1,8‐cineol as the internal standard revealed (+/−)‐α2‐hydroxy‐1,8‐cineole as the predominant metabolite followed by (+/−)‐9‐hydroxy‐1,8‐cineole. Furthermore, the results showed that one enantiomer is always formed preferentially.
On the recovery of the time average of continuous and discrete time functions from their Laplace and z‐transforms
Authors: Gluskin Emanuel , Miller Shmuel 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThe determination of the time averages of continuous functions or discrete time sequences is important for various problems in physics and engineering, and the generalized final‐value theorems of the Laplace and z‐transforms, relevant to functions and sequences not having a limit at infinity, but having a well‐defined average, can be very helpful in this determination. In the present contribution, we complete the proofs of these theorems and extend them to more general time functions and sequences. Besides formal proofs, some simple examples and heuristic and pedagogical comments on the physical nature of the limiting processes defining the averaging are given. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Physical‐layer network coding with limited feedback using orthogonal space–time block codes
Authors: Şahin S. , Aygölü Ü. 
Published: December 2012

SUMMARYThis paper introduces limited feedback technique into physical‐layer network coding (PLNC) scheme, which is the most spectrally efficient protocol in two‐way relay channels, consisted of one relay and two end nodes (sources). Decode‐and‐forward (DF) and partial‐decode‐and‐forward (PDF) strategies are considered for PLNC, and all nodes are assumed to have two antennas to allow transmission by Alamouti's orthogonal space–time block code to provide diversity. In DF, by limited feedback, one of the sources is informed about instantaneous channel state information (CSI) to increase the bit error rate (BER) performance at relay. The closed‐form upper and lower bounds on the bit error probability are derived for binary phase‐shift keying (BPSK) and quadrature PSK (QPSK) modulations and approved via computer simulations. In PDF strategy, each source has to know CSI between relay and the other source for decoding, which causes extra protocol complexity. Moreover, for the system in which all nodes have two antennas, classical PDF strategy does not satisfy orthogonality at the end nodes. Therefore, in this paper, a modified‐PDF (MPDF) strategy with limited feedback is proposed. In MPDF, for decoding at the end nodes, differential phase information between channel fading coefficients having maximum amplitudes is fed back to the sources by relay. This approach enables single‐symbol decoding, besides full diversity, and sources do not need to know CSI between relay and the other source. It is shown via computer simulations that MPDF strategy provides significantly better BER performance than the classical PDF for BPSK and QPSK modulations.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Minority goals for interaction with the majority: Seeking distance from the majority and the effect of rejection on identification
Authors: Ramos Miguel R. , Jetten Jolanda , Zhang Airong , Badea Constantina , Iyer Aarti , Cui Lijuan , Zhang Yuling 
Published: December 2012

AbstractFour studies investigated the conditions under which minority group members respond to group‐based discrimination with increased identification with their group. We propose that minorities' interaction goals should serve as a moderator: seeking distance from the majority might keep minority identification alive in the face of perceived discrimination. These predictions were tested correlationally in Study 1 among Chinese immigrants in Australia (sample 1a) and children of rural migrant workers in a Chinese city (sample 1b). In Studies 2 and 3, perceived discrimination was manipulated among Romanian immigrants in France and Polish immigrants in Scotland. In Study 4, both minority goals and perceived discrimination were manipulated among a sample of international students in Australia. Results showed that only for those who were inclined to seek distance from the majority, minority group identification increased when discrimination was high compared with low. Discussion focuses on the way that seeking distance might be an important strategy for coping with discrimination. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biosensor Based on Electrocodeposition of Carbon Nanotubes/Polypyrrole/Laccase for Neurotransmitter Detection
Authors: Cesarino Ivana , Galesco Heloisa V. , Moraes Fernando C. , Lanza Marcos R. V. , Machado Sergio A. S. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractA new biosensor has been developed by a simple electrocodeposition of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), polypyrrole (PPy) and laccase (Lac) on the platinum (Pt) electrode surface. The neurotransmitter biosensor was applied to the detection of dopamine in urine samples using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The Pt/MWCNT/PPy/Lac biosensor exhibited a detection limit of 0.14 µM, which is an adequate level for monitoring dopamine in urine. Reproducibility and repeatability values of 2.9 % and 1.7 %, respectively, were obtained compared to the conventional procedure. The proposed biosensor was successfully applied in the determination of dopamine in urine, and the obtained results were in full agreement with those from the HPLC procedure.
Mechanical resistance of coppice stems derived from full‐scale impact tests
Authors: Jancke Oliver , Berger Frédéric , Dorren Luuk K. A. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTBroadleaf coppice forests have the capacity to mitigate the threat posed by rockfall in many mountainous regions. Other forest types alike the rockfall protective effect is determined by the mechanical resistance of the coppice tree stems. In addition, the rockfall protective function of coppice forests is enhanced by specific stem aggregations (clumps) that have a rock interception and retention effect difficult to evaluate. The main objectives of this study are to quantify the mechanical resistance of small diameter coppice stems and to gain qualitative insight on breakage behavior. The aim is to supply data for more reliable assessments of the rockfall protective function of coppice forests with rockfall simulation models and to provide a basis for better estimating the rockfall protective effect of coppice clumps. To achieve these objectives we assessed the mechanical resistance of 73 beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) coppice stems using an impact pendulum device. We found an exponential relationship between the stem diameter at breast height (DBH) and mechanical resistance (loss of momentum or kinetic energy of the impactor during impact). Moreover, the results show that the high flexibility of the stems leads to relatively long lasting impacts and only negligible damage at the point of impact on the stem. As a result, the mechanical resistance of the stems is partly determined by impactor velocity and mass. These findings question the practicality of defining mechanical resistance by means of the change of momentum or energy of the impactor. Moreover, the results highlight the limits of upscaling or downscaling the data of this study to conclude for the mechanical resistance of beech trees of other than the tested dimensions. For the target DBH range the obtained dataset is nevertheless more reliable than data of previous studies, because the DBH specific impact process could be considered. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A swept‐intersection‐based remapping method in a ReALE framework
Authors: Harribey Thibault , Breil Jérôme , Maire Pierre‐Henri , Shashkov Mikhail 
Published: December 2012

SUMMARYA complete reconnection‐based arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ReALE) strategy devoted to the computation of hydrodynamic applications for compressible fluid flows is presented here. In ReALE, we replace the rezoning phase of classical ALE method by a rezoning where we allow the connectivity between cells of the mesh to change. This leads to a polygonal mesh that recovers the Lagrangian features in order to follow more efficiently the flow. Those reconnections allow to deal with complex geometries and high vorticity problems contrary to ALE method. For optimizing the remapping phase, we have modified the idea of swept‐integration‐based. The new method is called swept‐intersection‐based remapping method. We demonstrate that our method can be applied to several numerical examples representative of hydrodynamic experiments.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.