bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstracts of the Chinese papers in English
Authors: Luo Tianhua 
Published: October 2015

A typological study of the clause structure of ergative languagesAbstract: This paper presents a typological study of the clause structure of ergative languages by examining a sample of 78 languages. It focuses on three structures, namely (the alignment of case marking and verbal person marking of) the core argument structures, the antipassive constructions, and the ditransitive constructions.In this study, “ergativity” refers both “ergative” languages and the “active” languages. In particular, 75 languages in the sample are the “ergative” or “active” ones in Comrie (2013a, 2013b) and Siewierska (2013a), three languages not labeled as ergative or active in Dryer & Haspelmath (2013), namely Dyirbal, Kham, and Tibetan, are also included. The features of core argument structures, antipassive constructions, and ditransitive constructions are collected from Dryer & Haspelmath (2013) and various other literature.This study adopts a customary typological approach and proposes sixteen (groups of) universals or tendencies of morphological and/or syntactic features of ergative languages on the basis of frequency analysis, most of which in the form of implicational universals. To list but a few: (I) Most (if not all) ergative languages are split in alignment; (II) Ergativity is more commonly found in the case marking of full noun phrases than in pronouns (which prefer accusative alignment); (III) Ergative markers are more commonly found on the As, but accusative markers on the Ps; (IV) The alignment of case marking of the full noun phrases or pronouns cannot be predicated by verbal person marking, although most ergative languages prefer to have person marking of both A and P; (V) The languages with “mixed object construction” (Haspelmath 2013) are found in various alignment types, although there are close relationships between ditransitive constructions and ergative alignment; (VI) There is no close relationships between antipassive/passive constructions and ergativity; on the contrary, ergative languages show a considerably low ratio of both constructions.In the light of this study, this paper dispels the ergativity myth in Mandarin Chinese. It proposes that the so-called Chinese ergative constructions, e.g. ergative verbs, the ba construction, are invariably unaccusative in nature.
A note on Berezin-Toeplitz quantization of the
Laplace operator
Authors: Vedova Alberto Della 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Given a Hodge manifold, it is introduced a self-adjoint operator on the space of endomorphisms of
the global holomorphic sections of the polarization line bundle. Such operator is shown to approximate the
Laplace operator on functions when composed with Berezin-Toeplitz quantization map and its adjoint, up to
an error which tends to zero when taking higher powers of the polarization line bundle.
Partners in Research: Developing a Model for Undergraduate Faculty-Student Collaboration
Authors: Reitmaier Koehler Amy , Reveling Smith Linda , Davies Susan , Mangan-Danckwart Deborah 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMaintaining scholarship while delivering an undergraduate nursing program is a challenge for nursing faculty. In this paper, we describe an approach that involves undergraduate nursing students in a program of faculty research, which evaluates new approaches to teaching and learning. Students work with faculty to develop a research proposal, identifying specific questions and exploring relevant literature. Projects may include original data collection with faculty supervision, or secondary analysis of existing datasets. Foci have included partnership learning between nursing students and older adults, models of sustainability for a traveling health clinic, and experiences of aging. Findings and recommendations feed into the broader faculty research agenda, provide a foundation for subsequent projects, and inform further development of educational programs. Students have presented at local and national conferences and developed papers for publication based on this joint work. We describe the benefits and challenges of these partnerships, drawing upon student and faculty reflections.
New estradiol based 111In complex towards the estrogen receptor
Authors: Vultos Filipe , Cunha Susana , Fernandes Célia , Oliveira Maria Cristina , Marques Fernanda , Botelho Maria Filomena , Santos Isabel , Gano Lurdes 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The oestrogen receptor (ER) is an important tumour target for molecular imaging and radionuclide therapy due to its overexpression in
many malignant cells as compared to normal cells. Aiming to find new functional molecular imaging/therapeutic agents for ER positive
tumours, we have synthesized a new estradiol derivative substituted at the 16-α position with a diethylene triamine tetraacetic
acid (DTTA)-like chelating ligand through a four-carbon spacer. The new bioconjugate (H4L), was used to synthesize
the corresponding indium complexes (InL/[111In]L). The radioactive complex
[111In]L was prepared in high yield (>98%) at final concentrations of 1 · 10
–4 M and its chemical
identity was ascertained by comparing its HPLC gamma-chromatogram to the HPLC UV-vis-chromatogram of the InL
analogue. [111In]L is hydrophilic and kinetically stable in the presence of an excess of apo-transferrin and in
human blood serum. Cellular studies in breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-431) suggest that [111In]L uptake may
be mediated by an ER dependent mechanism. Biodistribution studies were performed in mice indicating a rapid clearance from most organs
and a slow total excretion that occurs mainly by hepatobiliar pathway. High in vivo
stability of [111In]L
was confirmed by HPLC analysis of urine and blood samples. Nevertheless, the hydrophilicity, the low ER affinity and the
biodistribution of [111In]L indicate that structural modifications are required to improve its behaviour for ER
targeting in vivo.
Advances in Our Understanding of Pituitary Adenoma
Authors: Pekic Sandra , Popovic-Brkic Vera 
Published: October 2015

Pituitary adenomas are common benign monoclonal neoplasms— accounting for 15% of intracranial neoplasms—that may be clinically silent or secrete anterior pituitary hormones such as prolactin, growth hormone (GH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), or, rarely, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or gonadotrophins. Radiological studies for other reasons using high-resolution computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detect incidental pituitary adenomas in approximately 20% of asymptomatic patients.1The incidence of the various types of adenoma varies;2prolactinomas are the most common pituitary adenomas. Clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs), which do not secrete hormones, often cause local mass symptoms and represent one-third of pituitary adenomas. GH- and ACTH-producing adenomas each account for 10–15% of pituitary adenomas, while TSH-producing adenomas are rare. Pituitary adenomas are infrequent in childhood: fewer than 10% of pituitary adenomas are diagnosed before 20 years of age.3These adenomas can be either microor macroadenomas. The natural course of microadenomas is that a few tumors enlarge over a period of more than eight years.Although several genes and signaling pathways have been identified as important factors in the development of pituitary tumors, our understanding of pituitary tumorigenesis remains incomplete and is the focus of current research. The reason for this is that current treatment modalities fail to completely control this disorder and prevent the associated morbidity and mortality. This article reviews the advances in our understanding of pituitary adenoma, especially in the field of pathogenesis of pituitary tumors, and the possibility of new therapeutic approaches.
Gut Hormones and Energy Balance, The Future for Obesity Therapy?
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Wijaya Andi 
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of obesity is increasing in both developed and developing countries along with associated diseases such as type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease. The recent discovery of a number of gut hormones that play a role in appetite regulation and are released or suppressed in response to a meal may offer new targets for the treatments of obesity.CONTENT: In addition to the obvious role of the gut in the digestion and absorption of nutrient, the intestine and associated visceral organs, including the pancreas, liver, and visceral adipose depots, have important sensing and signaling roles in the regulation of energy homeostatis. Signals reflecting energy stores, recent nutritional state, and other parameters are integrated in the central nervous system, particularly in the hypotalamus, to coordinate energy intake and expenditure.SUMMARY: Our understanding of the role of the gut in energy balance and insights into gut-derived signals will stimulate previously unexplored therapeutics for obesity and other disorders of energy balance.KEYWORDS: obesity, energy, balance, gut hormones, satiation, satiety
The Search for Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Wijaya Andi 
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: As population demographic shift and the number of individuals with Alzheimer Disease (AD) continue to increase, the challenge is to develop targeted, effective treatments and our ability to recognize early symptoms. In view of this, the need for specific AD biomarker is crucial.CONTENT: In recent years it has become evident that CSF concentrations of some brain-specific proteins are related to underlying disease pathogenesis and may therefore aid clinical investigation. Among several, we have focused on three candidates that have been suggested to fulfil the requirements for biomarkers of AD: β-amyloid 42 (Aβ42), total Tau (T-tau) and tau phosphorylated at various epitopes (P-tau). An increasing number of studies suggest that supplementary use of these CSF markers, preferably in combination, adds to the accuracy of an AD diagnosis. More recently visinin – like protein (VLP-1), a marker for neuronal cell injury has been studied. CSF VLP-1 concentrations were 50% higher in AD patients than in the control population.SUMMARY: The number of studies aimed at the identification of new biomarkers for AD is expected to increase rapidly, not only because of the increasing insights into the pathological mechanisms underlying this disease, but also because new therapies have been developed or are under consideration now, which warrant an early and specific diagnosis for effective treatment of the patients.KEYWORDS: dementia, amyloid plaque, neurofibrillary tangels, amyloid β-peptide 42 (Aβ42), total tau (T-tau), phosphorylated tau (P-tau), visinin–like protein 1 (VLP-1)
Pro-inflammatory Profiles of Indonesian Adult Men with Central Obesity: A Preliminary Study on TNF-alpha, sTNFR-2 and IL-1beta
Authors: Sartika Cynthia Retna , Wijaya Andi , As'ad Suryani 
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Central obesity is closely associated with chronic inflammation, characterized by abnormal cytokine production such as IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and tumor necrosis factor receptor-2 (TNFR-2). Central obesity and chronic inflammation form a complex link with insulin resistance, leading to the development of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Knowing the coinciding occurrence of chronic inflammation and central obesity, this study aimed to examine pro-inflammatory cytokine profiles of Indonesian adult men with central obesity.METHODS: This cross-sectional study recruited 80 apparently healthy Indonesian adult men, aged 23-53 years with waist circumference of 64-125 cm. This study was done in Jakarta. Measurements included clinical parameters like systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), creatinine, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), anthropometric parameters, namely weight, height and waist circumference; and pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, soluble TNFR-2 (sTNFR-2) and IL-1β.RESULTS: Basic characteristics of the subjects showed linear increase in values of SBP, DBP and the serum concentrations of AST, ALT, FBG, GFR, hsCRP (p<0.005, respectively) with the degree of obesity. sTNFR-2 and IL-1 β positively correlated with hsCRP (r=0.277, p=0.013 and r= 0.257, p=0.022, respectively), WC (r=0.380, p=0.001 and r=0.400, p<0.001, respectively) and body mass index (BMI) (r=0.364, p=0.001 and r=0.399, p<0.001, respectively). Moreover, TNF-α did not show correlations with hsCRP, WC and BMI.CONCLUSION: There was a linear increase in the serum concentrations of sTNFR-2 and IL-1β in subjects with central obesity. Both pro-inflammatory markers, correlated with hsCRP, WC and BMI, but TNF-α did not. sTNFR-2 and IL-1β were, therefore, considered as valid biomarkers to indicate chronic inflammation in Indonesian adult men with central obesity.KEYWORDS: central obesity, TNF-α, soluble TNFR-2 (sTNFR-2), IL-1β
Effect of Toothpaste Application Prior to Dental Bleaching on Whitening Effectiveness and Enamel Properties
Authors: Vieira-Junior WF , Lima DANL , Tabchoury CPM , Ambrosano GMB , Aguiar FHB , Lovadino JR 
Published: October 2015

SUMMARY

Objective
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects on the enamel properties and effectiveness of bleaching using 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) when applying toothpastes with different active agents prior to dental bleaching.

Methods
Seventy enamel blocks (4 × 4 × 2 mm) were submitted to in vitro treatment protocols in a tooth-brushing machine (n=10): with distilled water and exposure to placebo gel (negative control [NC]) or HP bleaching (positive control [PC]); and brushing with differing toothpastes prior to HP bleaching, including potassium nitrate toothpaste (PN) containing NaF, conventional sodium monofluorophosphate toothpaste (FT), arginine-based toothpastes (PA and SAN), or a toothpaste containing bioactive glass (NM). Color changes were determined using the CIE L*a*b* system (ΔE, ΔL, Δa, and Δb), and a roughness (Ra) analysis was performed before and after treatments. Surface microhardness (SMH) and cross-sectional microhardness (CSMH) were analyzed after treatment. Data were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA for Ra, one-way ANOVA (SMH, ΔE, ΔL, Δa, and Δb), split-plot ANOVA (CSMH), and Tukey post hoc test (α&lt;0.05). The relationship between the physical surface properties and color properties was evaluated using a multivariate Canonical correlation analysis.

Results
Color changes were statistically similar in the bleached groups. After treatments, SMH and CSMH decreased in PC. SMH increased significantly in the toothpaste groups vs the negative and positive control (NM &gt; PA = SAN &gt; all other groups) or decreased HP effects (CSMH). Ra increased in all bleached groups, with the exception of NM, which did not differ from the NC. The variation in the color variables (ΔL, Δa, and Δb) explained 21% of the variation in the physical surface variables (Ra and SMH).

Conclusion
The application of toothpaste prior to dental bleaching did not interfere with the effectiveness of treatment. The bioactive glass based toothpaste protected the enamel against the deleterious effects of dental bleaching.
Effects of Nonpharmacological Interventions for Dizziness in Older People: Systematic Review
Authors: Kendall Julie C. , Hartvigsen Jan , Azari Michael F. , French Simon D. 
Published: October 2015

BackgroundNonpharmacological interventions have been shown to have some effectiveness in adults with dizziness; however, the effectiveness of these interventions in older people is unknown.PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine the effects of conservative nonpharmacological interventions for dizziness in older people.Data SourcesThe Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, CINAHL, AMED, Index to Chiropractic Literature, PsycINFO, and MANTIS were searched from inception to May 2014.Study SelectionTwo investigators independently screened controlled trials with participants who were more than 60 years old and experienced dizziness. Studies of participants with dizziness from a specific diagnosis, such as Ménière disease and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, were excluded. Outcome measures from the selected studies included self-reported dizziness and postural balance.Data ExtractionTwo investigators independently extracted data on participants, interventions, comparison group, outcome measures, and results. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed with Cochrane guidelines.Data SynthesisSeven articles consisting of 7 controlled trials were included. All studies involved some form of exercise, including vestibular rehabilitation exercises, postural balance exercises, and tai chi exercise, as the main intervention. The studies had a high risk of bias because of the lack of adequate randomization and allocation concealment, the lack of reporting on cointerventions, the lack of reporting on reasons for dropouts, and the lack of reporting on participant adherence.LimitationsHeterogeneity among the included studies in interventions and outcome measures prohibited a meta-analysis. Only 2 studies reported a significant difference between the intervention group and the comparison group for self-reported dizziness.ConclusionsThere is insufficient evidence to determine the effectiveness of nonpharmacological treatments for dizziness in older people. Current evidence is hampered by a high risk of bias, and well-designed trials with adequate masking, randomization, and adherence are needed.
Assessing the Consumer Food Environment in Restaurants by Neighbourhood Distress Level across Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
Authors: Wang Jin , Engler-Stringer Rachel , Muhajarine Nazeem 
Published: October 2015

Purpose: To assess the consumer food environment in restaurants in Saskatoon, using the Nutrition Environment Measures Survey for Restaurants (NEMS-R), to examine differences by neighbourhood distress level and to reflect on the need for further refinement of the assessment of restaurant consumer food environments.Methods: Neighbourhoods were classified as low, middle, or high distress level based on the socioeconomic indicators (income, employment, and education) in the Material Deprivation Index. Differences in restaurant consumer food environments, indicated by mean NEMS-R total and sub-scores, were examined by various restaurant categories and by varying neighbourhood distress levels.Results: Chain coffee shops and pita and sandwich restaurants had higher NEMS-R totals and “Healthy Entrées” sub-scores; however, burger and chicken restaurants and pizza restaurants had more barriers to healthful eating. Although restaurants in lower distress level neighbourhoods generally rated healthier (higher NEMS-R scores), only a few measures (such as “Facilitators” and “Barriers”) significantly differed by neighbourhood distress level.Conclusions: The findings highlight the importance of developing interventions to improve restaurant consumer food environments, especially in neighbourhoods with higher distress levels. The results suggest that reliable measures of the consumer food environment could be developed beginning with what can be measured by NEMS-R.
Causes of 30-day readmission after neurosurgery of the spine
Authors: Cusimano Michael D. , Pshonyak Iryna , Lee Michael Y. , Ilie Gabriela 
Published: October 2015

OBJECT
Thirty-day readmission has been cited as an important indicator of the quality of care in several fields of medicine. The aim of this systematic review was to examine rate of readmission and factors relevant to readmission after neurosurgery of the spine.

METHODS
The authors carried out a systematic review using several databases, searches of cited reference lists, and a manual search of the JNS Publishing Group journals (Journal of Neurosurgery; Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine; Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics; and Neurosurgical Focus), Neurosurgery, Acta Neurochirurgica, and Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. A quality review was performed using STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) criteria and reported according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines.

RESULTS
A systematic review of 1136 records published between 1947 and 2014 revealed 31 potentially eligible studies, and 5 studies met inclusion criteria for content and quality. Readmission rates varied from 2.54% to 14.7%. Sequelae that could be traced back to complications that arose during neurosurgery of the spine were a prime reason for readmission after discharge. Increasing age, poor physical status, and comorbid illnesses were also important risk factors for 30-day readmission.

CONCLUSIONS
Readmission rates have predictable factors that can be addressed. Strategies to reduce readmission that relate to patient-centered factors, complication avoidance during neurosurgery, standardization with system-wide protocols, and moving toward a culture of nonpunitive system-wide error and “near miss” investigations and quality improvement are discussed.
Symptomatic migration of a Kirschner wire into the spinal canal without spinal cord injury: case report
Authors: Minić Ljubodrag , Lepić Milan , Novaković Nenad , Mandić-Rajčević Stefan 
Published: October 2015

The migration of Kirschner wires (K-wires) is a rare but significant complication of osteosynthesis interventions, and numerous cases of wire migrations have been reported in the literature. Nevertheless, migration into the spinal canal is very rare, with only 10 cases reported thus far. The authors present a case of K-wire migration into the spinal canal, together with a review of the relevant literature.
A 30-year-old male who had suffered a right clavicle fracture in a motorcycle accident was treated with 2 K-wires. Four months after the initial fixation, while he was lifting his child, he experienced short-term pain in his back, numbness in all 4 extremities, followed by a spontaneous decrease in numbness affecting only the ulnar nerve dermatomes bilaterally, and a persistent headache. No urinary incontinence was present.
Simple radiography studies of the cervical spine revealed a wire in the spinal canal, penetrating the T-2 foramen and reaching the contralateral foramen of the same vertebra. Computerized tomography showed the wire positioned in front of the spinal cord. Surgery for wire extraction was performed with the patient under general anesthesia, and he experienced relief of the symptoms immediately after surgery.
This case is unique because the wire caused no damage to the spinal cord but did cause compression-related symptomatology and headache, which have not been reported in osteosynthesis wire migration to the thoracic region.