bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determining criteria to assess patient readiness for discharge from postanaesthetic care: an international Delphi study
Authors: Phillips Nicole M , Street Maryann , Kent Bridie , Cadeddu Mary 
Published: March 2014

Aims and objectivesTo obtain expert consensus on essential criteria required to assess patient readiness for discharge from the postanaesthetic care unit.BackgroundA patient's condition can deteriorate after surgery, and the immediate postoperative period is recognised internationally as a time of increased risk to patient safety. A recent systematic review identified evidence‐based assessment criteria for the safe discharge of patients from the postanaesthetic care unit and identified gaps in the evidence.DesignDescriptive consensus study using the Delphi method.MethodsMembers of international clinical specialist groups with expertise in anaesthesia or postanaesthetic care participated in three consultation rounds. Online surveys were used to determine expert consensus with regard to aspects of postanaesthetic care and specific criteria for assessing patient readiness for discharge. Three rounds of surveys were conducted from May 2011–September 2012.ResultsTwenty‐three experts contributed to the panel. Consensus, that is, at least 75% agreement, was reached in regard to 24 criteria considered essential (e.g. respiratory rate 100%; pain 100%; heart rate 95%; temperature 91%). Consensus was also reached for 15 criteria not considered essential (e.g. appetite 96%; headache 76%). Consensus was not obtained for a further 10 criteria. Participants (95%) agreed that a discharge tool was important to ensure safe patient discharge.ConclusionConsensus was achieved by a panel of international experts on the use of a tool to assess patient readiness for discharge from postanaesthesia care unit and specific variables to be included or excluded from the tool. Further work is required to develop a tool and test its reliability and validity.Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings of this study have informed the development of an evidence‐based tool to be piloted in a subsequent funded study of nursing assessment of patient readiness for discharge from the postanaesthetic care unit.
Effects of an early postoperative walking exercise programme on health status in lung cancer patients recovering from lung lobectomy
Authors: Chang Nai‐Wen , Lin Kuan‐Chia , Lee Shih‐Chun , Chan James Yi‐Hsin , Lee Ya‐Hsin , Wang Kwua‐Yun 
Published: March 2014

Aims and objectivesTo examine the effects of an early postoperative walking exercise programme on postlobectomy lung cancer patients.BackgroundFew interventional studies on the postoperative health status of lung cancer patients have considered the efficacy of programmes designed to improve critical health variables.DesignA two‐group quasi‐experimental, longitudinal approach repeated four times examined participant data collected 12–18 hours prior to surgery and again at one, three and six months after surgery.MethodsWe assigned the first 33 enrolled participants to the intervention group and the second 33 to the control group. The intervention was a daily supervised walking exercise programme consisting of 12 weeks of brisk walking exercise that began on the day following transfer to the regular ward along with weekly telephone calls until 12 weeks after discharge. Health status was measured using a structured questionnaire (World Health Organization Quality of Life, brief version) and clinical tests (pulmonary function test and 6‐minute walk test). We analysed data using general estimating equations, with p < 0·05 considered significant.ResultsIntervention group pulmonary and physical functions were increasingly better over time than those of the control group, with no significant difference in quality of life between the two groups. Compared to the control group, the intervention group earned significantly better values for FVC% at postoperative month 3 and for FEV1% at postoperative months 3 and 6. Intervention group 6MWT scores were significantly better than those of the control group at postoperative months 1, 3 and 6.ConclusionThis study demonstrated the benefits of an early postoperative walking exercise intervention for pulmonary and physical function in postlobectomy lung cancer patients.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results may guide the design of appropriate interventions in the future. Clinical trials in other populations are needed to confirm the results of this study.
Understanding nurses' views on a pressure ulcer prevention care bundle: a first step towards successful implementation
Authors: Chaboyer Wendy , Gillespie Brigid M. 
Published: March 2014

Aims and ObjectivesTo explore nurses' views of the barriers and facilitators to the use of a newly devised patient‐centred pressure ulcer prevention care bundle.BackgroundGiven pressure ulcer prevention strategies are not implemented consistently, the use of a pressure ulcer care bundle may improve implementation given bundles generally assist in standardising care.DesignA quality improvement project was undertaken after a pressure ulcer prevention care bundle was developed and pilot‐tested.MethodsShort, conversational interviews with nurse explored their views of a patient‐centred pressure ulcer care bundle. Interviews were audio‐taped and transcribed. Inductive content analysis was used to analyse the transcripts.ResultsA total of 20 nurses were interviewed. Five categories with corresponding subcategories emerged from the analysis. They were increasing awareness of pressure ulcer prevention, prompting pressure ulcer prevention activities, promoting active patient participation, barriers to using a pressure ulcer prevention care bundle and enabling integration of the pressure ulcer prevention care bundle into routine practice.ConclusionsBenefits of using a patient‐centred pressure ulcer prevention care bundle may include prompting patients and staff to implement prevention strategies and promote active patient participation in care. The success of the care bundle relied on both patients' willingness to participate and nurses' willingness to incorporate it into their routine work.Relevance to Clinical PracticeA patient‐centred pressure ulcer prevention care bundle may facilitate more consistent implementation of pressure ulcer prevention strategies and active patient participation in care.
A systematic narrative review of the literature: adherence to pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments among adolescents with mental disorders
Authors: Timlin Ulla , Hakko Helinä , Heino Raija , Kyngäs Helvi 
Published: March 2014

Aims and objectivesTo review current research into the adherence to mental health treatment by adolescents.BackgroundNonadherence to medication among adolescents has been studied much more extensively than nonadherence to other forms of treatment. Monitoring adherence to all recommended services is essential when assessing the long‐term effectiveness of different treatment programmes. Healthcare professionals who treat patients with mental illness must be able to accurately determine which of their patients are adhering to all prescribed treatments.DesignThis is a systematic narrative literature review of the current literature.MethodsUsing a narrative synthesis, the data from 15 relevant articles concerning adolescents in inpatient or outpatient mental health care were extracted and synthesised.ResultsThe reviewed papers are discussed in terms of the methods used to study treatment adherence, the working definition of adherence used in each case and the results obtained concerning adherence in adolescents. Thirty‐four to sixty‐seven per cent of adolescents treated are fully adherent to their medication and exhibit reasonably good follow‐through for the recommended treatments. However, rates of noncompliance with medication are quite high, and significant numbers of adolescents choose to discontinue their medication.ConclusionsThis review synthesises current published data on adherence to mental health treatment among adolescents in order to provide practitioners and researchers with a better understanding of this important area. It is recommended that future investigations should focus on adherence in inpatient care, adherence to nonpharmacological treatments and the identification of factors that influence adherence.Relevance to clinical practiceThe monitoring and understanding of adherence to recommended services is important. Therefore, these findings can be used by healthcare professionals who treat patients with mental illness to help them assess which of their patients are adhering to the prescribed treatments.
Her2 expression and gene amplification is rarely detectable in patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Hanken Henning , Gaudin Robert , Gröbe Alexander , Fraederich Meike , Eichhorn Wolfgang , Smeets Ralf , Simon Ronald , Sauter Guido , Grupp Katharina , Izbicki Jacob R. , Sehner Susanne , Heiland Max , Blessmann Marco 
Published: March 2014

PurposeHer2 (ErbB2) transforms cells when overexpressed and is an important therapeutic target in breast cancer. Contrary to breast cancer, studies on Her2 overexpression and gene amplification in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck region described largely different results. This study was undertaken to learn more on the prevalence and clinical significance of HER2 amplification and overexpression in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck.Materials and methodsHer2 expression and gene amplification was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on two tissue microarrays composed of 427 squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck region and 222 oral squamous cell carcinomas. Results were compared with clinicopathological features.ResultsHer2 expression and gene amplification was rarely detectable in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck region and unrelated to tumor phenotype or survival of the patients with oral squamous carcinoma.DiscussionOur results demonstrate that Her2 protein and gene amplification was only detectable in a small subset of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck region as well as oral squamous cell carcinomas. However, it can be speculated that those few patients with Her2 overexpressing and gene amplificated tumors may possibly benefit from an anti‐Her2 therapy.
A MULTI‐CENTRE, RANDOMISED TRIAL TO ASSESS WHETHER INCREASED DIETARY FIBRE INTAKE (USING A FIBRE SUPPLEMENT OR HIGH‐FIBRE FOODS) PRODUCES HEALTHY BOWEL PERFORMANCE AND REDUCES LAXATIVE REQUIREMENT IN FREE LIVING PATIENTS ON PERITONEAL DIALYSIS
Authors: Sutton Debbie , Ovington Susan , Engel Barbara 
Published: March 2014

SUMMARYBackgroundConstipation is a significant problem for many patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). Due in part to dietary restrictions it is a common cause of technique failure and poor dialysis efficacy. Both consequences have an economic cost as well as contributing to a poor patient experience.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate whether an appropriate daily bowel habit could be achieved through a higher fibre intake, minimal use of laxatives and with no adverse effect on potassium, phosphate and fluid balance.MethodsOne hundred and seven patients who had been on PD for at least three months were recruited from seven renal units. They were asked to record daily bowel habits (Bristol Stool Form Scale: BSFS) and laxative use for four weeks. From this group 41 suitable patients with regular laxative use were identified and invited to enter the Intervention stage, Stage 2. Patients were randomised into one of three intervention arms: high fibre supplement (HFS); high fibre diet (HFD) or placebo.ResultsDuring the intervention stage, intake of HFS increased significantly between week 1 and week 4 (p = 0.04) and in the placebo group between week 1 and week 3 (p = 0.02). There was no significant increase in fibre intake for those on the HFD. Laxative dose appeared to decrease in the HFS group (38%) and the HFD group (16%) but these changes were not significant when compared to the placebo.ConclusionThis study has confirmed the prevalence of laxative use amongst patients on PD and shown that fibre use can confer improvements in bowel function without affecting biochemistry.
COMPARISON OF Kt/V AND UREA REDUCTION RATIO IN MEASURING DIALYSIS ADEQUACY IN PAEDIATRIC HAEMODIALYSIS IN ENGLAND
Authors: Dunne Nina , Campbell Malcolm , Fitzpatrick Maggie , Callery Peter 
Published: March 2014

SUMMARYBackgroundThe National Kidney Foundation‐Dialysis Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) guidelines and the Renal Association recommend the use of either Kt/V or urea reduction ratio (URR) to measure haemodialysis adequacy.ObjectivesTo determine the methods used to measure paediatric haemodialysis adequacy and to assess consistency between calculations of single pool Kt/V (spKt/V) and URR.DesignA service evaluation was conducted to establish current practices in measuring dialysis adequacy. A prospective longitudinal study was conducted to compare spKt/V and URR.ParticipantsThirty‐two children were recruited consisting of 13 males and 19 females in five paediatric dialysis centres.ResultsInconsistencies were reported of the method of post‐urea sampling with 4 of the 10 centres using the KDOQI recommended sampling method. Five dialysis centres reported using URR and five reported using spKt/V. There were substantial differences between the two measures. Using URR suggested that up to 44% of children did not receive adequate dialysis, whereas measurement by spKt/V suggested no more than 6% of the same dialysis sessions were not adequate.ConclusionOne standard measure should be used to assess dialysis adequacy in paediatric centres in England. KDOQI guidelines were not consistently followed in obtaining a post‐urea blood sample and this procedure should be standardised.
Characterization of Turnip mosaic virus from the Asian‐BR Population in Iran
Authors: Farzadfar Shirin , Pourrahim Reza 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBrassicaceae crops in eight provinces of the North‐west Iran were surveyed for Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) infection during 2011 and 2012. Many symptomatic plants (38%; 226 of 598) were found to be infected with TuMV. The highest frequency was in turnip (61%), followed by radish (55%), oilseed rape (38%), and brassica weeds including annual bastard cabbage (42%), small tumbleweed‐mustard (50%) and wild radish (45%), but not Brassica oleracea and Lepidium sativum. Using biological assays, Iranian TuMV isolates grouped in three [B], [B(R)] and [BR] host‐infecting types. Phylogenetic analysis using complete coat protein (CP) gene nucleotide sequences showed that the Iranian isolates belonged to the Basal‐B and Asian‐BR populations. No evidence of recombination was found in these isolates using different recombination‐detecting programmes. To our knowledge, our study shows for the first time the occurrence of TuMV Asian‐BR subpopulation in the mid Eurasian region of Iran. The data suggest that the Asian‐BR subtype population is found across southern Eurasia and might be a continuous population in East Asia (mostly Japan and China) and Minor Asia (Turkey), the places considered to be one of the origins of TuMV populations.
A New Alphasatellite Molecule Associated with Ageratum yellow vein China virus in the Philippines
Authors: She Xiaoman , He Zifu , Yin Guohua , Du Zhenguo , Tang Yangfei , Lan Guobin 
Published: March 2014

AbstractFrom Synedrella nodiflora plants with leaf curling, vein swelling and enation symptoms on Samal Island, the Philippines, a begomoviral DNA‐A and its associated alphasatellite molecule were cloned and sequenced. The begomovirus was identified as an isolate of Ageratum yellow vein China virus (AYVCNV) with 91% nucleotide sequence identity to AYVCNV‐[P157] (EU487045), while the alphasatellite molecule was most closely related to tobacco curly shoot alphasatellite‐Y99 (TbCSA‐Y99, AJ579347) with 74.5% nucleotide sequence identity. The satellite molecule has the typical features of alphasatellites, with a single gene in the virion sense, an A‐rich region and a 33‐bp predicted stem‐loop structure. According to the proposed species demarcation threshold of alphasatellites (83% nucleotide sequence identity), the alphasatellite molecule represents a new species, herein named ‘Ageratum yellow vein China alphasatellite’ (KF785752).
A New Virulent Isolate of Clover Yellow Vein Virus on Phaseolus vulgaris in Bulgaria
Authors: Pasev Gancho , Kostova Dimitrina , Turina Massimo 
Published: March 2014

AbstractPotyviruses are a common threat for snap bean production in Bulgaria. During virus surveys of bean plots in the south central region, we identified an isolate of Clover yellow vein virus (ClYVV), designated ClYVV 11B, by indirect ELISA and RT‐PCR causing severe mosaic symptoms and systemic necrosis. Indirect and direct ELISA using ClYVV antisera differentiated the ClYVV isolate from Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV), but serological analysis could not distinguish the Bulgarian isolate ClYVV 11B from an Italian ClYVV isolate used as a reference (ClYVV 505/7). RT‐PCR analyses with specific primers revealed that both isolates were ClYVV. Sequence analysis of an 800 bp fragment corresponding to the coat protein coding region showed 94% identity at the nucleotide level between the two isolates. Phylogenetic analyses of aligned nucleotide sequences available in the database confirmed the existence of two groups of isolates, but ClYVV 11B and ClYVV505/7 belonged to the same group. We compared the virulence of both isolates on a set of differential cultivars and 19 bean breeding lines resistant to Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) and Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV): Bulgarian isolate ClYVV 11B was able to infect systemically all tested bean differential cultivars and breeding lines including those with genotypes Ibc3 and Ibc22; Italian isolate ClYVV 505/7 was not able to infect systemically some differentials with genotypes bc‐ubc1, bc‐ubc22, bc‐ubc2bc3, Ibc12, Ibc22, Ibc3. The role of bc3 gene as a source of resistance to potyviruses is discussed.
Melatonin regulates mesenchymal stem cell differentiation: a review
Authors: Luchetti Francesca , Canonico Barbara , Bartolini Desirée , Arcangeletti Marcella , Ciffolilli Silvia , Murdolo Giuseppe , Piroddi Marta , Papa Stefano , Reiter Russel J. , Galli Francesco 
Published: March 2014

AbstractAmong the numerous functions of melatonin, the control of survival and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been recently proposed. MSCs are a heterogeneous population of multipotent elements resident in tissues such as bone marrow, muscle, and adipose tissue, which are primarily involved in developmental and regeneration processes, gaining thus increasing interest for tissue repair and restoration therapeutic protocols. Receptor‐dependent and receptor‐independent responses to melatonin are suggested to occur in these cells. These involve antioxidant or redox‐dependent functions of this indolamine as well as secondary effects resulting from autocrine and paracrine responses. Inflammatory cytokines and adipokines, proangiogenic/mitogenic stimuli, and other mediators that influence the differentiation processes may affect the survival and functional integrity of these mesenchymal precursor cells. In this scenario, melatonin seems to regulate signaling pathways that drive commitment and differentiation of MSC into osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic, or myogenic lineages. Common pathways suggested to be involved as master regulators of these processes are the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway, the MAPKs and the, TGF‐β signaling. In this respect melatonin emerges a novel and potential modulator of MSC lineage commitment and adipogenic differentiation. These and other aspects of the physiological and pharmacological effects of melatonin as regulator of MSC are discussed in this review.
Melatonin as a potential therapy for sepsis: a phase I dose escalation study and an ex vivo whole blood model under conditions of sepsis
Authors: Galley Helen F. , Lowes Damon A. , Allen Lee , Cameron Gary , Aucott Lorna S. , Webster Nigel R. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractSepsis is a massive inflammatory response mediated by infection, characterized by oxidative stress, release of cytokines, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Melatonin accumulates in mitochondria, and both it and its metabolites have potent antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activities and may be useful in sepsis. We undertook a phase I dose escalation study in healthy volunteers to assess the tolerability and pharmacokinetics of 20, 30, 50, and 100 mg oral doses of melatonin. In addition, we developed an ex vivo whole blood model under conditions mimicking sepsis to determine the bioactivity of melatonin and the major metabolite 6‐hydroxymelatonin at relevant concentrations. For the phase I trial, oral melatonin was given to five subjects in each dose cohort (n = 20). Blood and urine were collected for measurement of melatonin and 6‐hydroxymelatonin, and symptoms and physiological measures were assessed. Validated sleep scales were completed. No adverse effects after oral melatonin, other than mild transient drowsiness with no effects on sleeping patterns, were seen, and no symptoms were reported. Melatonin was rapidly cleared at all doses with a median [range] elimination half‐life of 51.7 [29.5–63.2] min across all doses. There was considerable variability in maximum melatonin levels within each dose cohort, but 6‐hydoxymelatonin sulfate levels were less variable and remained stable for several hours. For the ex vivo study, blood from 20 volunteers was treated with lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan plus a range of concentrations of melatonin/6‐hydroxymelatonin. Both melatonin and 6‐hydroxymelatonin had beneficial effects on sepsis‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and cytokine responses at concentrations similar to those achieved in vivo.
Narcolepsy with cataplexy and comorbid immunopathological diseases
Authors: Martínez‐Orozco Francisco J. , Vicario José L. , Villalibre‐Valderrey Isabel , De Andrés Clara , Fernández‐Arquero Miguel , Peraita‐Adrados Rosa 
Published: March 2014

SummaryEvidence suggests that autoimmune diseases tend to co‐occur so that patients with an autoimmune disorder are at higher risk of a second autoimmune disease. The association between allergic and autoimmune diseases is also of considerable interest. There are no reports on the association between sporadic or familial narcolepsy with cataplexy and other non‐neurological immune‐mediated diseases. This study reported on the comorbid immunopathological diseases associated with narcolepsy. One‐hundred and fifty six narcoleptic patients with a mean age at diagnosis of 39.1 ± 17.8 years (range, 6–70 years) were assessed using the clinical history, physical and neurological examinations, sleep questionnaires, neuroimaging and human leucocyte antigen typing. Diagnosis was confirmed by polysomnography followed by a multiple sleep latency test or by measuring hypocretin‐1 levels. Patients with immunopathological diseases were matched for gender and age at the onset of narcoleptic symptoms with narcoleptic patients without immunopathological diseases. Twenty‐six patients (16.6%; 50% women; one familial, 25 sporadic) had one or more immunopathological diseases associated: autoimmune diseases, such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, autoimmune thyroid disease, Peyronie's disease and idiopathic recurrent facial palsy; other immunopathological diseases, like atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis. Although not significant, the age at diagnosis of narcolepsy was 9.3 years earlier in patients with narcolepsy + immunopathological diseases. The results demonstrate that the prevalence of comorbid immunopathological diseases is high in narcolepsy, and cataplexy is significantly more severe in patients with narcolepsy + immunopathological diseases.