bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The diet–intestinal microbiota dynamics and adaptation in an elevational migration bird, the Himalayan bluetail (Tarsiger rufilatus)
Authors: Zhang Shangmingyu , Zhou Chuang , Dong Zhehan , Feng Kaize , Peng Kexin , Wang Zhengyang , Jiang Yong , Jin Linyu , Zhang Ping , Wu Yongjie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMigratory birds experience changes in their environment and diet during seasonal migrations, thus requiring interactions between diet and gut microbes. Understanding the co‐evolution of the host and gut microbiota is critical for elucidating the rapid adaptations of avian gut microbiota. However, dynamics of gut microbial adaptations concerning elevational migratory behavior, which is prevalent but understudied in montane birds remain poorly understood. We focused on the Himalayan bluetail (Tarsiger rufilatus) in the montane forests of Mt. Gongga to understand the diet–gut microbial adaptations of elevational migratory birds. Our findings indicate that elevational migratory movements can rapidly alter gut microbial composition and function within a month. There was a significant interaction between an animal‐based diet and gut microbiota across migration stages, underscoring the importance of diet in shaping microbial communities. Furthermore, the gut microbial composition of T. rufilatus may be potentially altered by high‐altitude acclimatization. An increase in fatty acid and amino acid metabolism was observed in response to low temperatures and limited resources, resulting in enhanced energy extraction and nutrient utilization. Moreover, microbial communities in distinct gut segments varied in relative abundance and responses to environmental changes. While the bird jejunum exhibited greater susceptibility to food and environmental fluctuations, there was no significant difference in metabolic capacity among gut segments. This study provides initial evidence of rapid diet–gut microbial changes in distinct gut segments of elevational migratory birds and highlights the importance of seasonal sample collection. Our findings provide a deeper understanding of the unique high‐altitude adaptation patterns of the gut microbiota for montane elevational migratory birds.
Predicting the response of a long‐distance migrant to changing environmental conditions in winter
Authors: Stillman R. A. , Rivers E. M. , Gilkerson W. , Wood K. A. , Clausen P. , Deane C. , Ward D. H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAccess to high‐quality food is critical for long‐distance migrants to provide energy for migration and arrival at breeding grounds in good condition. We studied effects of changing abundance and availability of a marine food, common eelgrass (Zostera marina L.), on an arctic‐breeding, migratory goose, black brant (Brant bernicla nigricans Lawrence 1846), at a key non‐breeding site, Bahía San Quintín, Mexico. Eelgrass, the primary food of brant, is consumed when exposed by the tide or within reach from the water's surface. Using an individual‐based model, we predicted effects of observed changes (1991–2013) in parameters influencing food abundance and availability: eelgrass biomass (abundance), eelgrass shoot length (availability, as longer shoots more within reach), brant population size (availability, as competition greater with more birds), and sea level (availability, as less food within reach when sea level higher). The model predicted that the ability to gain enough energy to migrate was most strongly influenced by eelgrass biomass (threshold January biomass for migration = 60 g m−2 dry mass). Conversely, annual variation in population size (except for 1998), was relatively low, and variation in eelgrass shoot length and sea level were not strongly related to ability to migrate. We used observed data on brant body mass at Bahía San Quintín and annual survival to test for effects of eelgrass biomass in the real system. The lowest observed values of body mass and survival were in years when biomass was below 60 g m−2, although in some years of low biomass body mass and/or survival was higher. This suggests that the real birds may have some capacity to compensate to meet their energy demands when eelgrass biomass is low. We discuss consequences for brant population trends and conservation.
Verification of haemoglobin level to prevent worsening of prognosis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction patients from the PURSUIT‐HFpEF registry
Authors: Kitao Takashi , Sotomi Yohei , Tamaki Shunsuke , Seo Masahiro , Yano Masamichi , Hayashi Takaharu , Nakagawa Akito , Nakagawa Yusuke , Nakatani Daisaku , Yamada Takahisa , Yasumura Yoshio , Sakata Yasushi ,   OCVC‐Heart Failure Investigators
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsAnaemia has been reported as poor predictor in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of changes in haemoglobin (Hb) from discharge to 1 year after discharge on the prognosis using a lower cut‐off value of Hb than the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria.Methods and resultsFirst, 547 HFpEF cases were divided into two groups, Hb < 11.0 g/dL (n = 218) and Hb ≥ 11.0 g/dL (n = 329), according to Hb at discharge, and further were divided according to Hb 1 year after discharge into Hb < 11.0 g/dL (G1, n = 113), Hb ≥ 11.0 g/dL (G2, n = 105), Hb < 11.0 g/dL (G3, n = 66), and Hb ≥ 11.0 g/dL (G4, n = 263), respectively. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was defined as composite of all‐cause death and heart failure readmission after a visit 1 year after discharge. The cut‐off value of Hb was analysed by the receiver operating characteristics curve that predicts MACE. We examined the incidence rate of MACE between G4 and other subgroups and verified predictors of improving or worsening anaemia and covarying factors with change in Hb. In multivariate Cox proportional hazard model, MACE was significantly higher in G3 with worsening anaemia from Hb ≥ 11.0 g/dL to <11.0 g/dL than G4 with persistently Hb ≥ 11 g/dL (adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 3.14 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.76–5.60], P < 0.001). MACE was not significantly different between G2 with improving anaemia from Hb < 11.0 g/dL to ≥ 11.0 g/dL and G4 (adjusted HR: 1.37 [95% CI, 0.68–2.75], P = 0.38). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, independent predictors of improving anaemia were male [odds ratio (OR): 0.45], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR: 10.3), prior heart failure hospitalization (OR: 0.38), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (OR: 1.04). Independent predictors of worsening anaemia were age (OR: 1.07), body mass index (BMI) (OR: 0.86), clinical frailty scale score (OR: 1.29), Hb at discharge (OR: 0.63), and use of angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin II receptor blocker (OR: 2.76). In multivariate linear regression analysis, covarying factors with change in Hb were BMI (β = −0.098), serum albumin (β = 0.411), and total cholesterol (β = 0.179).ConclusionsChange in haemoglobin after discharge using a lower cut‐off value than WHO criteria has prognostic impact in patients with HFpEF.
Construction of Benzofuran‐3(2H)‐one Scaffolds Bearing a C2 Quaternary Center via Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Heck Reaction using Mo(CO)6 as Carbonyl Source
Authors: Guo Wenting , Gong Houhong , Jiao Xiaojing , Liao Yueling , Pei Xiaoqin , Xia Ming , Zhou Hualan , Wang Huiyan , Hu Weiming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA Pd‐catalyzed carbonylative Heck reaction of 2‐iodophenyl alkenyl ether using Mo(CO)6 as a safe CO source has been developed. This research provides an atom‐economic and straightforward route for the efficient construction of benzofuran‐3(2H)‐one scaffolds with a C2 quaternary center in moderate to good yields, which features operational safety, good functional group compatibility and easy scale‐up.
High‐frequency, high‐intensity TENS compared to standard treatment with opioids for postoperative pain relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A multicentre randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ögren C. , Varkey E. , Wolf A. , Larsson C. , Ringdal M. , Andréll P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdverse effects of opioids could prolong the duration of stay in the post‐anaesthesia care unit (PACU). This study aimed to assess time in the PACU and the pain‐relieving effect of high‐frequency, high‐intensity transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (HFHI TENS) versus standard treatment with intravenous (IV) opioids.MethodsPatients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy at two Swedish hospitals were invited to participate. Patients reporting postoperative pain intensity ≥3 according to the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) in the PACU were randomized to receive standard treatment with IV opioids or HFHI TENS, administered with an intensity of 40–60 mA for 1 min, repeated once if insufficient pain relief. If NRS remained ≥3 after two TENS stimulation the patients received IV opioids.ResultsIn total, 163 patients were randomized to receive HFHI TENS (n = 85) or IV opioids (n = 78). There was no difference between the HFHI TENS group versus the opioid group regarding time in the PACU (138 min [SD 69] vs. 142 min [SD 95], mean difference −4.42 [95% CI–30:22], p = 0.74), time to pain relief NRS < 3 (median 10 min) and pain intensity at PACU discharge (NRS 1.7 [SD 1.45] vs. 1.6 [SD 1.20], p = 0.58). In the HFHI TENS group, 39 patients (46%) needed additional treatment with IV opioids. Mean opioid consumption was significantly lower in the HFHI TENS group than in the opioid group (4.5 vs. 11.0 morphine equivalents; p < 0.001).ConclusionsHFHI TENS may be an opioid‐sparing alternative for postoperative pain relief.Significance StatementIn this multicentre, RCT time in the PACU and the pain‐relieving effect of HFHI TENS was compared to standard treatment with IV opioids. There were no differences between the groups regarding time in the PACU, time to pain relief and side effects but opioid consumption in the HFHI TENS group was significantly lower. Both groups reported high satisfaction with pain treatment and care. In summary, HFHI TENS should be considered a safe, fast‐onsetting, opioid‐sparing option for postoperative pain relief.
Development of a novel rocking connection for tubular steel bridge piers: A proof of concept study
Authors: Vasseghi Akbar , Mahmoudi Mohammad Hossein 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces a novel pocket‐type dissipative rocking connection for self‐centering tubular steel bridge piers. Unlike typical self‐centering systems, this connection does not utilize post‐tensioned tendons and relies solely on gravity load for re‐centering, but it employs a redundant mechanism to prevent geometrical instability and collapse. The connection consists of several components, including an embedded sleeve component and a ring plate bearing against the column and frictionally connected to the embedded component. During rocking, the ring plate provides two‐level energy dissipation through friction and material yielding. In this connection, any residual drift could be easily recovered by untightening bolts in the frictional connection of the ring plate. A finite element model with contact elements at surface interfaces between different components was developed to simulate the response of the connection under vertical and lateral loading. Finite element analyses and quasi‐static cyclic tests of a quarter‐scale specimen demonstrated that the connection could provide adequate lateral resistance and a flag‐shaped hysteresis response with marginal or recoverable residual displacements. Test results confirmed that the connection can sustain large lateral drifts (up to 7.6%) without structural damage. Test results also indicated that the hysteresis characteristics of the connection are highly influenced by the type and configuration of the washers in the bolt assembly of the frictional connection. The lateral strength and energy dissipation properties of the connection were greatly improved when conical spring washers were added to the bolt assembly.
Wash‐free fluorescent tools based on organic molecules: Design principles and biomedical applications
Authors: Tan Jingyun , Wang Chunfei , Hu Zhangjun , Zhang Xuanjun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFluorescence‐assisted tools based on organic molecules have been extensively applied to interrogate complex biological processes in a non‐invasive manner with good sensitivity, high resolution, and rich contrast. However, the signal‐to‐noise ratio is an essential factor to be reckoned with during collecting images for high fidelity. In view of this, the wash‐free strategy is proven as a promising and important approach to improve the signal‐to‐noise ratio, thus a thorough introduction is presented in the current review about wash‐free fluorescent tools based on organic molecules. Firstly, generalization and summarization of the principles for designing wash‐free molecular fluorescent tools (WFTs) are made. Subsequently, to make the thought of molecule design more legible, a wash‐free strategy is highlighted in recent studies from four diverse but tightly binding aspects: (1) special chemical structures, (2) molecular interactions, (3) bio‐orthogonal reactions, (4) abiotic reactions. Meanwhile, biomedical applications including bioimaging, biodetection, and therapy, are ready to be accompanied by. Finally, the prospects for WFTs are elaborated and discussed. This review is a timely conclusion about wash‐free strategy in the fluorescence‐guided biomedical applications, which may bring WFTs to the forefront and accelerate their extensive applications in biology and medicine.
Research on the influence and evaluation of manual operation performance of multifunctional operation panel considering interaction effect
Authors: Zhang Tianming , Ren Jindong , Sun Mingzhe , Zheng Haoyun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractManual operations remain crucial in critical human‐machine interactions due to limitations in automatic control algorithms and technologies. While ergonomic analysis and evaluation techniques for interactive interfaces are advancing, recent approaches emphasize integrating graphical interface experiences with intuitive controls. Conventional methods often lack precision or overlook the interaction effect of different influencing factors, leading to inadequate assessment of essential manual operations for intricate interfaces, such as multifunctional operation panels. To address these challenges, this study aimed to investigate the interaction effects of various factors on the manual operation performance of operators when using a multifunctional operation panel and aims to develop a more comprehensive and broadly applicable evaluation model for such panels. An experiment was designed to consider the type, size, layout of controls, and operational task type as the main factors affecting manual operation performance. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to identify significant interaction effects among the operation factors. The findings underscored the importance of these interactions in evaluating manual operation performance. Multivariate linear regression further examined the influence of these factors, enhancing the evaluation methodology. The study emphasizes the critical role of understanding interaction effects in assessing the manual operation performance of multifunctional operation panels, particularly in improving the design of the panel or operation tasks.
Incidence and predictors of new‐onset atrial fibrillation in ST‐elevation myocardial infarction: A single‐center study
Authors: Zarei Behrouz , Bozorgi Ali , Khoshfetrat Mehran , Arefizadeh Reza , Mohsenizadeh Seyed Abolfazl , Mousavi Seyyed Hossein , Jalali Arash , Shafiee Akbar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia that occurs following ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and can significantly impact clinical outcomes. We investigated the incidence and predictors of AF following STEMI in patients, as well as its association with major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study, including all STEMI patients who presented under code 247 to Tehran Heart Center between 2016 and 2020 and completed a 1‐year follow‐up. Patients were divided into two groups based on the development of AF during follow‐up, and their baseline and clinical characteristics were compared. We used multivariable regression models to identify predictors of MACCE.ResultsOut of 3647 STEMI patients, 84 (2.3%) developed new‐onset AF (NOAF). Patients with AF were significantly older and had lower levels of total and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and hemoglobin, but higher levels of fasting blood sugar and creatinine. AF patients were also more likely to have a history of hypertension, chronic kidney disease (CKD), congestive heart failure, and cerebrovascular accidents. The multivariable logistic regression model identified the CHA2DS2‐VASc score and CKD as independent predictors of NOAF following primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Furthermore, the incidence of MACCE was higher in the AF group, and AF independently predicted MACCE with a hazard ratio of 2.766.ConclusionThe CHA2DS2‐VASc score and the presence of CKD can serve as useful predictors of NOAF among patients with STEMI. Early detection and appropriate management are crucial to improve outcomes.
Combined detection of inflammatory proteins is beneficial for diagnosing the papillary thyroid carcinoma and nodular goiter
Authors: Pan Yongqin , Xu Mingxi , Chong Tsz Hong , Xie Siping , Huang Kunsong , Wang Guanghao , Ma Yuhua , Li Jinyi , Yang Wah 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration cytology and imaging examinations are commonly used diagnostic tools for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, these methods have limitations. Inflammatory proteins have the potential to serve as diagnostic and prognostic markers, as well as treatment targets. The expression profile and diagnosis effect of inflammatory proteins in PTC are not well understood. Here, 18 healthy volunteers (as healthy control), 12 patients with nodular goiter, and 34 patients with PTC were collected to analyze serum inflammatory proteins by proximity extension assay. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic potential of differential expression of proteins via the area under the curve (AUC) analysis. A total of 36 differentially expressed inflammatory proteins were found among PTC, nodular goiter, and healthy control. The combination diagnosis derived from the logistic regression analysis exhibited promising diagnostic capabilities in distinguishing nodular goiter from healthy control (AUC = 0.88), distinguishing PTC from healthy control (AUC = 0.89), and distinguishing PTC from nodular goiter (AUC = 0.87). Whereas the combination diagnosis derived from the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) exhibited promising diagnostic capabilities in distinguishing nodular goiter from healthy control (AUC = 0.92), distinguishing PTC from healthy control (AUC = 0.93), and distinguishing PTC from nodular goiter (AUC = 0.93). Overall, this study offers potential biomarkers for distinguishing between PTC and nodular goiter in clinical practice. The combination derived from the LASSO algorithm outperforms logistic regression.
Experiments in Leading through Influence: Reflections from a Group of Emerging Technical Leaders
Authors: Browne Chris A. , Brown Jeffrey , Cadigan John , Davidz Heidi , Fadeley David , Feli Heather , Geist Karl C. , Gross Myra Parsons , Kusunoki Maz , Lee Clement , Meyer Al , Romana Louis‐Emmanuel , Spencer Brad , Stolzar Lauren , Stringhetti Luca , Tham Ming Wah 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTTechnical leadership is a skill defined in the INCOSE professional competencies. This paper presents reflections on a shared learning journey about technical leadership from the perspective of a group of emerging technical leaders. These reflections provide insights around building awareness, navigating power and influence, benchmarking personal performance, developing capacity for change, and establishing critical friends. The final section provides lessons for working as a global team in technical leadership. This paper is of relevance to any technical leader looking to develop this capacity across technical sectors.
“My beating and bleeding heart for all of you”: Enacting culturally sustaining pedagogy through spoken word poetry
Authors: Curwood Jen Scott 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article highlights how mentors in spoken word poetry workshops drew on culturally sustaining pedagogy, modeled their own creativity and vulnerability through their poetry, and amplified the voices of youth poets by encouraging them to explore their identities and grapple with inequities in their own lives. Situated in western Sydney, one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse communities within Australia, the article focuses on the Real Talk program, a 6‐week school‐based spoken word poetry workshop organized by the Bankstown Poetry Slam, the largest slam in the southern hemisphere. It examines the critical role that mentor poets play in supporting young people's storytelling through spoken word poetry.
Integrating standardized patient safety and quality competencies in pharmacy curriculum: Evaluation of the impact on student development and professional identity
Authors: Chang Jennifer , Firebaugh Rachel G. , Jefferson Curtis G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionImproving patient safety and quality of care is a national healthcare priority. While changes in healthcare systems help to address some concerns in this area, the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of healthcare professionals play a role as well. Health professions education programs have a responsibility to ensure comprehensive patient safety and quality training.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of integrating standardized safety and quality competencies from an evidence‐based framework in a patient safety and quality course within a Doctor of Pharmacy program.MethodsA gap analysis was conducted using guidelines from the Canadian Patient Safety Institute (CPSI) to explore curricular coverage of the included concepts and competencies. The course was designed to address key competencies not addressed elsewhere in the curriculum. An adapted self‐assessment survey tool was administered at the end of the course for students to retrospectively assess changes in perceived skills and attitudes. Mean retrospective pre‐ and post‐scores were compared using the paired sample t‐tests and Cohen d as a measure of effect size. Responses to an open‐ended question regarding how students could impact patient safety were qualitatively analyzed for emergent themes. Student performance on the course final exam was analyzed using descriptive statistics to assess knowledge.ResultsSixty‐three students (80.8%) completed the survey and were included in the analysis. A statistically significant change was observed in 18 of the 24 self‐assessment items, with effect sizes in the modest to moderate range. Key themes emerged regarding student professional identity development including error prevention, error management, reporting culture, learning culture, just culture, and teamwork. The mean individual student score on the final examination was 87.67% ± 4.87%.ConclusionFindings suggest the new course using the CPSI framework had a positive impact on student knowledge, perceived skills, and attitudes in the area of patient safety.