bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do GST-M, GST-T, and TP53 Gene Polymorphisms Have a Role in Childhood Obesity?
Authors: Dirican Onur , Bulus Derya , Husseini Abbas , Hanilçe Yücel , Oğuztüzün Serpil 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective:
This study investigates genotypic variations in GST-M, GST-T, and TP53;rs1042522 among children with obesity.
Methods:
Blood samples from 60 patients with childhood obesity were analyzed. Deletions in GST-M and GST-T were identified using quantitative PCR with melting curve analysis, while TP53;rs1042522 was genotyped via sequence analysis. Deviation from Hardy-Weinberg proportion was examined, and associations with clinical and demographic variables were assessed.
Results:
We observed deviations in the genotypes of GST-M and GST-T, while TP53;rs1042522 remained aligned. Higher cholesterol, LDL, and GGT levels were found in individuals with null GST-M genotypes. Notably, individuals with Wt/null GST-T genotypes had remarkably higher waist circumference and levels of albumin. The wild-type GST-T genotype correlated with reduced BMI and creatinine levels. Individuals with TP53;rs1042522 mutations showed decreased LDL and cholesterol levels but increased ALT levels.
Conclusion:
The research highlighted the notable influence of genetic variations in GST-M and GST-T on obesity in children, while the TP53 polymorphism, rs1042522, did not show a significant impact.
Predicting nursing workload in digestive wards based on machine learning: A prospective study
Authors: Song Yulei , Zhang Xueqing , Luo Dan , Shi Jiarui , Zang Qiongqiong , Wang Ye , Yin Haiyan , Xu Guihua , Bai Yamei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The assessment and allocation of nursing manpower, as well as performance evaluation, heavily rely on nursing workload, which is also strongly associated with patient safety outcomes. Nevertheless, the majority of previous studies have utilized cross-sectional data collection methods, thereby impeding the precision of workload prediction. Static workload models fail to incorporate longitudinal changes in influential factors, potentially resulting in delayed or erroneous nursing management decisions and ultimately causing imbalances in nurses' workload.
Aim
To employ machine learning algorithms in order to facilitate the dynamic prediction of nursing workload based on patient characteristics.
Methods
This study was conducted as a prospective cohort quantitative study between March 2019 and August 2021 in two general hospitals located in China. Data pertaining to the characteristics of 133 patients over the course of 1339 hospital days, as well as nursing hours, were collected. A longitudinal investigation into nursing workload was carried out, employing multiple linear regression to identify measurable factors that significantly impact nursing workload. Additionally, machine learning methods were employed to dynamically predict the nursing time required for patients.
Results
Mean direct nursing workload varied greatly across hospitalization. Number of complications during hospitalization, age, income, SCS score, and ADL score were all significant factors contributing to increased care needs. Improving predictive performance through machine learning, with random forests performing the best, RMSE (989.67), R2 (0.76), and MSE (979451.24).
Conclusions
The variation in nursing workload during hospitalization is primarily influenced by patient self-care capacity, complications, and comorbidities. Random Forest, a machine learning algorithm, is capable of effectively handling a wide range of features such as patient characteristics, complications, comorbidities, and other factors. It has demonstrated exceptional performance in predicting workload.
Implications for Nursing Management:
This study introduces a quantitative model that evaluates nursing workload throughout the duration of hospitalization. The utilization of this model allows nursing managers to holistically consider multiple factors that impact workload, resulting in enhanced comprehension and interpretation of workload variations. By employing a random forest algorithm for workload prediction, nursing managers can anticipate and estimate workload in a proactive and precise manner, thereby facilitating more efficient planning of human resources.
Validation of the Arabic language version of the shortest form of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE-9) in a young adult population-based sample
Authors: Fekih-Romdhane Feten , Malaeb Diana , Sakr Fouad , Dabbous Mariam , Obeid Sahar , Hallit Souheil 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: While self-report questionnaires measuring psychotic experiences (PEs) in community individuals have recently been made available in the Arabic language, their length may be a barrier to PEs assessment in settings in lower-to-middle income Arab countries, that often operate under severe resources constraints. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Arabic-language version of the shortest version of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences-Positive (CAPE-P), i.e. the CAPE-9, in a sample of community adults.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried-out using a web-based questionnaire. A total of 685 Arabic-speaking adults from the general population of Lebanon (mean age of 23.54 ± 4.58 years, 66.0% females) participated.
Results: The internal structure of the Arabic CAPE-9 demonstrated that the overall model fit of the tridimensional factor structure (consisting of “Persecutory Ideation”, “Bizarre Experiences”, and “Perceptual abnormalities” sub-dimensions) was acceptable. A unidimensional model was tested and exhibited borderline fit indices, with all nine items loading onto one factor. Internal consistency coefficients estimates were of alpha=.84 and omega=.84 for the total score, and ranged from .64 - .70 for omega and alpha values for the three sub-scores. Measurement invariance between males and females was established for both models, with no significant difference noticed between genders. Finally, significant positive associations were found between PEs and anxiety, depression, insomnia severity, and aggression, indicating the validity of the scale.
Conclusion: As a short, simple, economic, and convenient-to-administer measure of PEs, the CAPE-9 is amenable to widespread use. It has, therefore, the potential to foster research and clinical practice by easing data collection, lessening burden and enhancing engagement of respondents. It may substantially improve recognition of a substantial proportion of undetected patients with psychotic disorders, and contribute to reducing the very long duration of untreated psychosis still observed in Arab countries.
Synthesis, characterization and catalytic investigation of alumina supported derived benzene- 1,3 diol - cobalt complexes
Authors: Elabeden Shorouk S. Zyn , El-Molla Sahar A. , Shebl Magdy , Sanad Sameh G. , Naghmash Mona A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

4,6-bis[(1E)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ethanimidoyl] benzene-1,3-diol) Cobalt and (4,6-bis [(1E)-N-benzylethanimidoyl] benzene-1,3-diol) Cobalt complexes were successfully supported on Al2O3. Furthermore, the catalytic effectiveness of each were evaluated in the process of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). It's interesting to note that the loading Co-complexes on Al2O3 catalyst resulted in a notable advancement in the catalytic efficiencies compared with single Al2O3catalysts. However, the influence of the concentration of Co-complexes were studied to get optimum amount. The catalysts were then examined using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), N2 adsorption-desorption analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results denoted that 0.015 Co-complexes / Al2O3 have the highest catalytic activity. The effect of temperature on the catalytic decomposition of H2O2 has been investigated it was found that as the temperature increases the catalytic activity enhanced. Ultimately, the 0.015 Co-complex / Al2O3 catalyst showed greater stability throughout the H2O2 decomposition process and is recyclable several times.
The MIND-PD study: a randomized controlled trial to investigate clinical and biological effects of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in people with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Heide Anouk van der , Goltz Franziska , de Vries Nienke M. , Bloem Bastiaan R. , Speckens Anne E. , Helmich Rick C. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
People with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are very sensitive to the effects of stress. The prevalence of stress-related neuropsychiatric symptoms is high, and acute stress worsens motor symptoms. Animal studies suggest that chronic stress may accelerate disease progression, but evidence for this in humans is lacking. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) train participants to focus on the present moment, on purpose and without judgement. Previous studies suggest that MBIs may alleviate stress and reduce depression and anxiety in PD. We aim to demonstrate the efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) as a non-pharmacologic treatment strategy for neuropsychiatric (and motor) symptoms in PD, and to identify the mechanisms underlying stress and stress reduction in PD.
Methods
In a prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT), we investigate whether 8 weeks of MBCT, as compared to care as usual, can reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression in people with PD. We aim to include 124 PD patients, who experience mild-moderate symptoms of anxiety and depression, are eligible for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and naïve to mindfulness, and who have a disease duration ≤ 10 years. Every participant is followed for 12 months. Clinical and biochemical assessments take place at baseline (T0), after 2 months (T1), and after 12 months (T2); MRI assessments take place at T0 and T2. Our primary outcome is the total score on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at T1, while correcting for the HADS score at T0, age, and gender. Beyond testing the effects of MBCT on symptoms of anxiety and depression in PD, we explore whether MBCT: (1) has an effect on motor symptom severity, (2) influences cerebral and biochemical markers of stress, and (3) leads to a change in biomarkers of PD progression.
Discussion
MIND-PD is one of the first RCTs with a 1-year follow-up to investigate the effects of MBCT on symptoms of anxiety and depression in PD, and to explore possible mechanisms underlying stress and stress reduction in PD. Insight into these mechanisms can pave the way to new treatment methods in the future.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05779137. Registered on 12 January 2023.
Implementation and effects of a student-engaged medical research curriculum
Authors: Jeon Seong Ju , Yoo Hyo Hyun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
This study investigated the educational effects and operational outcomes of a student-engaged medical research curriculum to analyze changes among students.
Methods
Surveys were administered to 112 medical students to examine the changes in their perceptions of the need for medical research competence, research interest, self-efficacy, and satisfaction levels after the implementation of each curriculum.
Results
The results revealed a decline in the perception of the need for medical research competency and interest after Medical Research Practice 1, with a subsequent increase after Medical Research Practice 3. Conversely, research self-efficacy showed steady improvement throughout the curriculum. Additionally, students with prior research experience exhibited higher levels of perception of the need for medical research competence, interest, and self-efficacy than those without such experience. Students were highly satisfied with their opportunities to interact with professors in Medical Research Practice courses.
Conclusions
This study provides foundational insights into the educational effects of integrating student-engaged medical research courses into the regular curriculum, with the aim of cultivating students' research interests and efficacy.
The extent of the impact of green spaces on urban heat islands: A meta-analysis of research using remote sensing between 2010 and 2023
Authors: Cherif Nadhima , lasram Asma , Lopes Hélder Silva , Silva Lígia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

As a result of global climate change, the urban image and morphology have undergone intense alteration. This has led to the emergence of several urban phenomena, such as the urban heat island (UHI). This phenomenon is exacerbated by climate change, posing a threat to human health and overall well-being. Urban green spaces have been considered as a solution of mitigating the urban heat island effect. This study aims to elucidate the different degrees of cooling effect attributed to greenery in different study regions characterised by distinct climate patterns, various green space configurations and seasonal dynamics. A meta-analysis was conducted, employing a qualitative and quantitative approach along with satellite image analysis. The results reveal that green spaces, including parks and trees, can effectively reduce the urban air temperatures by an average of 2 to 10 °C per unit increase in vegetation index. However, the efficacy of greenery in mitigating UHI exhibits variation in response to diverse climate patterns, configurations of green spaces, seasonal fluctuations, irrigation practices, and anthropogenic factors such as population density and urbanization. The comprehensive examination of the relationship between green spaces and Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI) across a broad spectrum of climate patterns and diverse green space configurations contributes to addressing the critical knowledge gap in the existing literature.
Impella Effects on Reverse Myocardial Remodeling in Anterior ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Insights from a Comprehensive Analysis of Acute and Chronic MRI Findings
Authors: Fukamachi Daisuke , Yamada Akimasa , Takahashi Kurara , Sumida Ran , Tanaka Yudai , Migita Shohei , Mizobuchi Saki , Miyagawa Masatsugu , Fujito Hidesato , Koyama Yutaka , Ogaku Akihito , Fukumoto Katsunori , Arai Riku , Ebuchi Yasunari , Monden Masaki , Morikawa Tomoyuki , Mineki Takashi , Kojima Keisuke , Murata Nobuhiro , Sudo Mitsumasa , Kitano Daisuke , Matsumoto Naoya , Okumura Yasuo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Late adverse myocardial remodeling after ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is strongly associated with cardiac death. Global Longitudinal strain (GLS) and circumferential diastolic strain rate (CDSR) derived cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) is a powerful predictor of late myocardial remodeling. However, Impella’s effects on CMRI-based myocardial remodeling after STEMI is not fully understood.
Methods
We retrospectively compared the CMRI-derived strain and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in the acute (18 [14–22]) vs 14 [6–22] days, P = 0.43) and chronic phases (118 [102–242] vs 117 [101–202] days, P = 1.0) after broad anterior STEMI.
Results
Five patients received an Impella before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and 7 were given intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP). There were no significant differences in age (67 ± 10 vs. 63 ± 13, P = 0.53), peak creatine kinase levels (2595 [2069–12932] vs. 4372 [2941–5601] IU/L, P = 0.76), and LVEF at admission (51 ± 11 vs. 50 ± 9%, P = 1.0) between the two groups. The Impella group showed significantly better acute CMRI-derived LVEF (49 ± 10 vs. 36 ± 8%, P = 0.03) and CDSR (0.9 ± 0.2 vs. 0.5 ± 0.3 s⁻¹, P = 0.018) despite no significant difference in acute GLS between the two groups (-9.4 ± 2.2 vs. -8.7 ± 1.6%, P = 0.88). In the chronic phase, CMRI-derived LVEF and GLS were significantly higher in the Impella group (54 ± 9 vs. 39 ± 5%, P = 0.018; -9.9 ± 1.3 vs. -6.5 ± 2.2%, P = 0.01).
Conclusions
The Impella implantation leads to better LVEF and CDSR in the acute phase compared to IABP, and further to maintenance of both LVEF and GLS through the chronic phase. Unlike with IABP, LV unloading brought about by Impella, significantly contributed to the reverse remodeling process.
Real-World Clinical Outcomes Associated with Progression and Cirrhosis in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis
Authors: Qian Christina , Fishman Jesse , Szabo Shelagh M. , Kim Yestle , Medicis Joe , Rochon Hannah , Sun Rosie , Charlton Michael 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: While the clinical burden of liver disease progression among individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is substantial, real-world data quantifying how cirrhosis contributes to that burden are lacking.
Aim: To assess the risk of progression and death among patients with MASH without baseline cirrhosis; and risk of subsequent advanced liver events and death among patients with MASH and baseline cirrhosis.
Methods: The Optum de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database (CDM) (Oct 1, 2015-Dec 31, 2022) was used to identify adults with MASH. Patients were grouped according presence of baseline cirrhosis. Risk of and time to progression or subsequent advanced liver events, composite clinical outcome, and all-cause death were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models.
Results: Among patients without baseline cirrhosis (n=19,419), 21.8% progressed over follow-up, and the risk of progression was 28% higher for those with comorbid cardiovascular disease (CVD; hazard ratio[95% confidence interval]=1.28[1.19-1.38]) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM; 1.28[1.20-1.37]) at baseline. Risk of experiencing a composite clinical outcome during the follow-up also increased with age, and comorbid CVD or T2DM, for both cohorts without and with cirrhosis (n=9,157). Risk of death was significantly higher for patients with baseline cirrhosis (4.68[4.29-5.12]), males (1.20[1.12-1.29]), those with CVD (1.58[1.40-1.78]), and those with T2DM (1.78[1.65-1.92]).
Conclusions: Clinical burden associated with MASH is high and substantially greater for patients with cirrhosis. Risks of progression and death increased with age and metabolic conditions. Therapies slowing cirrhosis development may reduce the risk of progression to advanced liver disease and death, for those suffering from MASH.
Histological description of gonadal development in a neotropical insectivorous bat Eumops patagonicus (Chiroptera: Molossidae)
Authors: Rodriguez Florencia Evelyn , Olea Gabriela Beatriz , Aguirre María Victoria , Lombardo Daniel Marcelo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The order Chiroptera is one of the most diverse orders in terms of the number of species, however, very few studies have been conducted in this group regarding its embryonic development. In this area, studies have focused on staging through morphological characters, but those describing organogenesis are scarce. Therefore, this work describes the gonadogenesis of Eumops patagonicus a Sudamerican insectivorous bat, with an emphasis on ovarian development and determination of the migration stage of the primordial germ cells (PGCs) through immunostaining. Pregnant females of this species were captured to carry out the study, and the embryos were processed to obtain histological sections using the conventional histology technique and immunohistochemistry (OCT4, PCNA, Bax and Bcl-XL). Critical stages of gonadal differentiation were described, starting from the formation of the urogenital ridge and the identification to PCGs with the positive reaction for OCT4 in embryological development stadio 13. At stadio 17 to development, it is observed an undifferentiated gonad with active proliferation and then a defined testis (S. 21) and ovaries (S.23 and S.25). The embryo ovaries S.23 show a cortex formed for ovogonia cyst/nets that have a craniocaudal development whit difference in the immunolabeling to PCNA, Bax and Bcl-XL. The embryo ovaries S.25 show the primordial follicles in the ovary cortex. The results determined that there is a conserved pattern in embryonic development in this order when comparing E. patagonicus with frugivorous bat. This information is important to the establishment of relations in developmental in mammalian and into the order Chiroptera.
Predictors of early recurrence in meningioma
Authors: Soberano Diogo Abreu , Lima Jorge , Pinheiro Jorge , Soares Maria José , Pinto Mafalda , Ferro Anabela , Linhares Paulo , Carvalho Bruno 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose – Although meningiomas have mostly a favourable prognosis, some have early recurrences or the need for a new treatment, irrespective of the histological grade. In this study, we aimed to characterize clinical, radiological, and molecular markers in a cohort of patients with early recurrent meningiomas.
Methods – We conducted a retrospective, non-interventional study of patients with World Health Organization (WHO) grade 1 or 2 meningiomas who underwent surgical resection at Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João between 2010 and 2021, and who had tumour recurrence or needed retreatment in the subsequent 5 years. We analysed demographic, clinical, radiological, histological, treatment-associated parameters, molecular features (TERT promotor mutations and CDKN2A/B deletion), and progression/survival data. An analysis was conducted to determine which variables were associated with shorter time-to-progression, aiming to identify predictors with a greater impact on early and rapid recurrence.
Results – We evaluated 64 patients. The median time of progression-free survival (PFS) was 26 months. Shorter PFS was associated with WHO grade 2 (11 vs 27 months, p = 0.010), mitotic index ≥8 (7 vs 26 months, p <0.001), and T1-weighted image signal (T1w) hyperintensity (15 vs 26 months, p = 0.025). None of the cases showed CDKN2A/B deletion, while TERT promoter mutations were detected in four meningiomas.
Conclusion – In this study of early recurrence of meningiomas, WHO grade 2, mitotic index ≥8, and T1w hyperintensity were significantly associated with shorter PFS, while molecular biomarkers usually associated with shorter PFS (TERT promoter mutations and CDKN2A/B deletion) were only detected in four patients.
Styled and characteristic Peking opera facial makeup synthesis with Co-training and Transfer Conditional StyleGAN2
Authors: Shen Yinghua , Duan Oran , Xin Xiaoyu , Yan Ming , Li Zhe 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Against the backdrop of the deep integration of culture and technology, research and practice in digitization of intangible cultural heritage has continued to deepen. However, due to the lack of data and training, it is still very difficult to apply artificial intelligence to the field of cultural heritage protection. This article integrates image generation technology into the digital protection of Peking opera facial makeup, using a self-built Peking opera facial makeup dataset. Based on the StyleGAN2 network, we propose a style generative cooperative training network Co-StyleGAN2, which integrates the Adaptive Data Augmentation to alleviate the problem of discriminator overfitting and introduces the idea of cooperative training to design a dual discriminator collaborative training network structure to stabilize the training process. We designed a Peking opera facial makeup image conditional generation network TC-StyleGAN2 which is transferred from unconditional generation network. The weights of the unconditional pre-training model are fixed, and an adaptive filtering modulation module is added to modulate the category parameters to complete the conversion from unconditional to conditional StyleGAN2 to deal with the training difficulty of conditional GANs on limited data, which suffer from severe mode collapse. The experimental results shows that the training strategy proposed in this article is better than the comparison algorithm, and the image generation quality and diversity have been improved.