bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mismatch Resistance and the Problem of Evolutionary Novelty
Authors: Egeland Jonathan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn evolutionary medicine and other related fields, the concept of evolutionary mismatch is used to explain phenomena whereby traits reduce in adaptive value and eventually become maladaptive as the environment changes. This article argues that there is a similar problem of persistent adaptivity—what has been called the problem of evolutionary novelty—and it introduces the concept of mismatch resistance in order to explain phenomena whereby traits retain their adaptive value in novel environments that are radically different from the organisms’ environment of evolutionary adaptedness (EEA). The possible role of variability selection in the evolution of mismatch-resistant traits is discussed, and it is suggested that mismatch resistance provides a useful tool for making progress on certain issues related to evolutionary theory, such as the modularity debate, cases of adaptivity outside of organisms’ ancestral environment, and the viability of naturalism as an overarching philosophical framework for understanding the natural world.
Eco-friendly biogenic silver nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and biological applications
Authors: Korkmaz N. , Ceylan Y. , İmamoğlu R. , Kısa D. , Şen F. , Karadağ A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Recent developments in nanotechnology and nanoscience in all phases of human life have radically altered the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of numerous diseases. Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) have been among the most dynamic, and Several metallic nanoparticles developed for biological uses include some beautiful nanomaterials. Ag-NPs have played a pivotal role in nanotechnology and nanoscience, mostly nanomedicine. In this work, Ficus carica leaf extract was utilized to create silver nanoparticles using a straightforward procedure. This study explored the reduction of silver ions by F. carica leaf extract in the solution. UV–Vis spectroscopy, XRD analysis, and STEM characterize prepared biogenic Ag-NPs. Afterward, antibacterial and antibiofilm properties were investigated. The images obtained from STEM analysis surveyed that the NP sizes ranged from 11 to 20 nm. Ag-NPs demonstrated antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against all tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria strains. It has been indicated that Ag-NPs have inhibitory potency against collagenase activity. Ag-NPs exhibited anticancer activity in the HeLa cell line, and the IC50 value was calculated as 8.403 μg/mL. In this study, it has been shown that the synthesis method is environmentally friendly, fast, safe, and easy to use.
Unlocking Online Insights: LSTM Exploration and Transfer Learning Prospects
Authors: Tahir Muhammad , Ali Sufyan , Sohail Ayesha , Zhang Ying , Jin Xiaohua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMachine learning algorithms can improve the time series data analysis as compared to the traditional methods such as moving averages or auto-regressive approaches. This advancement has helped to unlock several challenging problems since machine learning not only helps to forecast the overall trend of the data, but it also helps to keep the historical track of changes in factors, influencing this trend. These predictions play a pivotal role in almost all areas of research where the observations are time dependent, such as problems ranging from challenges of finance to public health, environmental and climate change challenges. A key challenge of these domains is the higher number of attributes and predictors since managing and manipulating data from many attributes is itself a significant challenge for future forecasting. Addressing these challenges is possible with Recursive Long Short-Term Memory models. The application of such models is crucial, and their efficacy is further amplified when considering transfer learning. During this research, a detailed and comprehensive description of such models is addressed. Practical application is illustrated through an example, emphasizing that these models, when transferred to complex and large datasets using transfer learning, hold great promise.
When Learner-Centered Teaching and Learning Goes Online: Zooming into Linear Algebra Tutorials During the Pandemic
Authors: Wallach Miriam N. , Kontorovich Igor’ 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic shifted higher education online, drawing attention to synchronous learning and instruction on digital communication platforms. Learner-centered teaching practices in the tertiary level, such as mathematical discussions, have been shown to benefit student learning. The interactions involved in online synchronous mathematical discussions have been studied less. Most research taps into these aspects drawing on students’ academic outcomes and reflective interviews. This study explores instructional practices as they unfold online, with a focus on student-instructor and student-student interactions. We zoom-in to online synchronous teaching and learning processes on a popular communication platform by analyzing Linear Algebra tutorials in the first pandemic year. Using the commognitive framework, we characterize instructional interactions with the construct of a learning-teaching agreement. The analysis resulted in three interactional patterns, where in all cases, the tutorial transformed at some point to the one dominated by the instructor.
Impact of Transition Metal Layer Vacancy on the Structure and Performance of P2 Type Layered Sodium Cathode Material
Authors: Zhanadilov Orynbay , Baiju Sourav , Voronina Natalia , Yu Jun Ho , Kim A-Yeon , Jung Hun-Gi , Ihm Kyuwook , Guillon Olivier , Kaghazchi Payam , Myung Seung-Taek 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study explores the impact of introducing vacancy in the transition metal layer of rationally designed Na0.6[Ni0.3Ru0.3Mn0.4]O2 (NRM) cathode material. The incorporation of Ru, Ni, and vacancy enhances the structural stability during extensive cycling, increases the operation voltage, and induces a capacity increase while also activating oxygen redox, respectively, in Na0.7[Ni0.2VNi0.1Ru0.3Mn0.4]O2 (V-NRM) compound. Various analytical techniques including transmission electron microscopy, X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy, operando X-ray diffraction, and operando differential electrochemical mass spectrometry are employed to assess changes in the average oxidation states and structural distortions. The results demonstrate that V-NRM exhibits higher capacity than NRM and maintains a moderate capacity retention of 81% after 100 cycles. Furthermore, the formation of additional lone-pair electrons in the O 2p orbital enables V-NRM to utilize more capacity from the oxygen redox validated by density functional calculation, leading to a widened dominance of the OP4 phase without releasing O2 gas. These findings offer valuable insights for the design of advanced high-capacity cathode materials with improved performance and sustainability in sodium-ion batteries.
Negative Type and Bi-lipschitz Embeddings into Hilbert Space
Authors: Robertson Gavin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe usual theory of negative type (and p-negative type) is heavily dependent on an embedding result of Schoenberg, which states that a metric space isometrically embeds in some Hilbert space if and only if it has 2-negative type. A generalisation of this embedding result to the setting of bi-lipschitz embeddings was given by Linial, London and Rabinovich. In this article we use this newer embedding result to define the concept of distorted p-negative type and extend much of the known theory of p-negative type to the setting of bi-lipschitz embeddings. In particular we show that a metric space $$(X,d_{X})$$

(
X
,

d
X

)

has p-negative type with distortion C ($$0\le p<\infty $$

0
≤
p
<
∞

, $$1\le C<\infty $$

1
≤
C
<
∞

) if and only if $$(X,d_{X}^{p/2})$$

(
X
,

d

X

p
/
2

)

admits a bi-lipschitz embedding into some Hilbert space with distortion at most C. Analogues of strict p-negative type and polygonal equalities in this new setting are given and systematically studied. Finally, we provide explicit examples of these concepts in the bi-lipschitz setting for the bipartite graphs $$K_{m,n}$$

K

m
,
n

.
Expert Views on Communicating Genetic Technology Used in Agriculture
Authors: Hendricks Jillian , Weary Daniel M. , von Keyserlingk Marina A. G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe use of genetic technology in agriculture is viewed by some as the next frontier of farming but others may view it as a threat. The aim of the current study was to describe the views of experts working in agricultural genetics regarding how best to communicate genetic technology with a broader audience (e.g., clientele, the public). We recruited 10 experts working in roles that involve communication about genetic technology in agriculture. Using semi-structured interviews, we asked participants to describe how they discuss this technology, who they discuss it with, and their thoughts on the involvement of various stakeholders in these discussions. Interview transcripts were subjected to thematic analysis and participant responses were organized into three themes: 1) Communicating and framing genetic technology, including discussing risks, benefits, and applications, distinguishing technology from other similar technologies, and engaging in value-based discussions; 2) Challenges of public communication, including misinformation and opposing opinions, conflation with older technologies, and balancing information provision; and 3) Stakeholder involvement in discussions, which included views on how different groups (e.g., activists, farmers, and scientists) should be included in discussions, and who is best suited to discuss genetic technology with the public. We conclude that leaders in agricultural genetics engage in a variety of approaches to communicate genetic technology, using different frames that they feel are likely to appeal to their audience, and differ in their opinions of who should be involved in these discussions.
Curriculum as ‘folding’ democratic practice: Integrating Deleuzian and Deweyan philosophies with the lived experiences of English teachers
Authors: Nigar Nashid , Kostogriz Alex , Mhilli Olga , Yu Xingxing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article advocates the revision of the English as an Additional Language (EAL) Curriculum in Australia into a “curriculum as ‘folding’ democratic practice”, a concept deeply informed by the lived experiences of sixteen teachers of English from multilingual backgrounds. Using hermeneutic phenomenology and narrative inquiry, this study explores how these educators leverage their personal and professional lived experiences to transcend the limitations of a curriculum dominated by Australian Standard English. These narratives highlight the adaptation of the curriculum through ethical engagements with learners’ diverse needs, embodying democratic and pluralistic approaches. Drawing on Gilles Deleuze’s (1993) concepts of the “fold” and “molecular possibilities” and John Dewey’s “democratic education” (1916), the research illustrates the potential of a responsive and inclusive curriculum that fosters intercultural capabilities in superdiverse classrooms. This study advocates an EAL curriculum that not only imparts linguistic skills but also prepares learners for meaningful participation in a globally interconnected society, extending the scope of English language education and teacher capabilities in Australia and beyond. The research highlights broader implications for other subject-related curricula, suggesting principles that could foster inclusivity and intercultural understanding.
Neuauflage des TAEG Fragebogens: Technikaffinität valide und multidimensional mit einer Kurz- oder Langversion erfassen
Authors: Karrer-Gauß Katja , Roesler Eileen , Siebert Felix Wilhelm 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungEin weit verbreitetes Instrument zur standardisierten Erfassung der Technikaffinität ist der 19-Items umfassende Fragebogen TAEG (Karrer et al. 2009). Er erfasst Technikaffinität auf vier Skalen: (1) selbsteingeschätzte Kompetenz, (2) Begeisterung, (3) wahrgenommene positive Folgen und (4) wahrgenommene negative Folgen. In der vorliegenden Studie wird eine neue Version des TAEG mit 12 Items vorgestellt, die das mehrdimensionale Konstrukt valide erfasst. Der ursprüngliche Fragebogen wurde aktualisiert und an einer Stichprobe von N = 1206 validiert. Die vier Fragebogenskalen zeigten gute interne Konsistenzen. Die dimensionale Struktur des Fragebogens konnte in einer konfirmatorischen Faktorenanalyse repliziert werden. Die Konstruktvalidität der Skalen wurde mit korrelierten Fragebögen bestätigt, die Kriteriumsvalidität mit der Nutzungshäufigkeit und -erfahrung mit technischen Geräten. Für die eine deutsche Stichprobe werden Normwerte zur Verfügung gestellt, welche den Vergleich von individuellen TAEG-Werten für vordefinierte Geschlechts‑, Alters- und Bildungshintergrundgruppen ermöglicht. Darüber hinaus wird ein Gesamtwert über die vier Skalen eingeführt sowie eine Kurzversion des Fragebogens.Praktische Relevanz Technikaffinität wird im Forschungskontext der Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion als Kontrollvariable oder zur Auswahl von Versuchspersonen erhoben. Technologieunternehmen können so Kundschaftssegmente analysieren und unterschiedliche Perspektiven in den Innovations- und Entwicklungsprozess integrieren.
Empathy in the Workplace: Disentangling Affective from Cognitive Empathy
Authors: Vallette d’Osia Armelle , Meier Laurenz L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEmpathy plays a crucial role in the workplace, associated with positive outcomes, including helping behavior and task performance. While most studies have treated empathy as a unidimensional and trait-like characteristic, empathy is best understood as a two-dimensional construct, encompassing stable and fluctuating aspects. Considering this conceptualization, our research explores the relationship between the two dimensions – affective and cognitive empathy – with well-being and prosocial behavior, both at the trait and state levels. We hypothesized that affective empathy is positively associated with fatigue, whereas cognitive empathy is positively related to provided support. Furthermore, we predicted that these relationships would be especially pronounced on days when employees witness conflicts in the workplace. Our results, drawn from two diary studies (Ns = 119 and 179), indicated that affective empathy was related to fatigue, and cognitive empathy was related to provided support on the trait level, supporting our hypotheses. However, the distinctions between the two empathy dimensions were less prominent at the state level, and these effects did not depend on observed conflicts. These findings suggest that affective and cognitive empathy have differential effects, emphasizing the need for balanced and beneficial utilization of empathy in both theoretical development and practical workplace contexts.
Simultaneous Effects of Linguistic Knowledge and Topic Familiarity on L2 Writing of Vietnamese Upper-Secondary School Students: A Simple SEM Model
Authors: Bo Linh K. , Le Anh N. N. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study seeks to investigate the impact of linguistic knowledge and topic familiarity on upper secondary school students’ L2 writing performance in the Vietnamese context. A structural equation modeling (SEM) model was employed to analyse quantitative data collected from 131 students from Binh Duong province. Results revealed that linguistic knowledge positively influenced L2 writing performance, with mid-to-low-frequency vocabulary knowledge having the greatest impact. High-frequency vocabulary knowledge and grammar knowledge were also significant but to a lesser extent. Furthermore, self-reported familiarity with the topic did not account for variances in L2 writing performance when students were given the same topic. The study provides implications for research and teaching of L2 writing, suggesting that linguists, teachers and researchers should consider both linguistic knowledge and topic familiarity in designing and implementing effective L2 writing instructions in Vietnamese public secondary schools.
The Affordances of Identity Texts with Adult Students with Limited or Interrupted Formal Education
Authors: Slaughter Yvette , Choi Julie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWorking with adult Students with Limited or Interrupted Formal Education (SLIFE) requires teachers to develop a knowledge and understanding of a complex range of matters related to pedagogy, language and literacy acquisition and the practical and socio-emotional challenges of resettlement. Limited research has focused on how teachers can support students’ literacy practices and the expression of students’ rich life experiences and knowledge systems through language learning. Using a design-based framework and undertaken across 10 weeks, this research investigated the pedagogical potential of identity texts when working with adult SLIFE in the Australian context. The collaborative research design involved teachers and teacher educators participating in ongoing professional learning sessions as a range of identity texts were integrated into lessons. Data collected included classroom recordings, recordings from professional learning sessions and formal interviews with teachers and materials produced by learners during the project. A thematic analysis of the data highlighted the transformative potential of the use of identity texts in creating more inclusive, student-centred learning environments and greater learner agency. Further work is needed to better understand the necessary pace, tempo and utility of a range of identity texts in adult SLIFE language learning contexts.
The ontology of coevolution beyond economic systems
Authors: Pérez-Jara Javier 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper provides an analysis of the general ontology of coevolutionary processes. I argue that to properly understand the ontological phenomenon of coevolution, we need to move away from neophobic, flat, and substance-based ontologies and adopt a pluralist and emergentist process metaphysics that takes into account both horizontal and vertical codetermination. Following this approach, I differentiate between ontological (co)evolution in a general and specific sense. General (co)evolution can be observed in physical and chemical matter. Before the emergence of living matter, the universe evolved, achieving more ontological complexity and qualitative density. Since physical and chemical matter are made up of a complex interplay of continuities and discontinuities, physical and chemical entities and processes are multiple and codetermine each other through a dynamic complex patterning, as basically described by what the Spanish philosopher Gustavo Bueno called symploké following Plato’s Sophist. Therefore, physical and chemical evolutionary processes are more accurately described as coevolutionary processes. On the other hand, specific coevolution can be observed in the biological, social, and cultural/artificial realms. Its ontological specificity lies in the dynamic interactions of novelty, replication, and selection, which are absent in physical and chemical matter. In conclusion, I argue that rather than unnecessarily complicating our view of reality, this approach is manageable epistemologically and allows for a better understanding of dynamic codetermination in the universe, from physical matter to cultural spheres.
Sustainable practices and firm competitiveness: an empirical analysis of the Saudi Arabian energy sector
Authors: AlKhars Mohammed , Masoud Mahmoud , AlNasser Ahmad , Alsubaie Mohammed 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn pursuit of reducing dependence on oil, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has made significant efforts to advance sustainability under the strategic framework known as Saudi Vision. This initiative encompasses a range of activities aimed at promoting sustainability within the energy sector. This paper aims to analyze the existing sustainable practices of companies, employees, and the broader community in the supply chain. The objective is to evaluate current progress toward the sustainability goals of the Kingdom and assess the competitiveness of firms in the energy sector based on the effectiveness of sustainability management in their supply chain. Based on data collected from Saudi energy companies, structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques are utilized to investigate sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) practices and their influence on CP in Saudi Arabian energy companies. This study examines the influence of several practices on competitiveness (CP), including environmental practices (EMPs), social practices for employees (SPEs), social practices for the community (SPCs), operational practices (OPs), and supply chain integration practices (SCIs). The study incorporates five distinct independent variables, namely, EMP, SPE, SPC, OP, and SCI, where the dependent variable under investigation is denoted as CP. The findings from the SEM analysis show that three variables—SPE, SPC, and OP—demonstrate statistical significance, while EMP and SCI do not. These findings enhance the continuing academic discussion about balancing economic growth and environmental preservation through sustainable practices in the energy sector.
Closing nature connectedness to foster environmental culture: investigating urban residents’ utilization and contribution to parks in Vietnam
Authors: Khuc Van Quy , Tran Mai , Thinh Nguyen An , Lich Hoang Khac , Dang Thao , Nguyen Thi Mai Huong , Tran Duc Trung 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the potential for enhancing financial contributions to nature conservation and/or environment protection contributed by citizens and/or the private sector in Vietnam. Specifically, the study empirically examines the antecedents of the utilization patterns and financial contribution of city dwellers to public and national parks. We introduce and use a novel CBMM analytic method (Bayesian mindsponge mindspongeconomics combined with Culture Tower) to analyze the dataset of 535 Vietnamese urban residents surveyed in late 2020. Empirical results demonstrate that the more frequently individuals visit parks, the more likely they are to contribute financially to projects in parks as a whole. In addition, having trees in the house positively correlates with donations to national park conservation projects, while the intention to visit a national park in the next 12 months encourages urban residents to contribute to planting projects in public parks. These results suggest that improved environmental literacy and nature connectedness can help encourage citizens to act collectively to help alleviate the financial burden in dealing with environmental issues. We also found that the increased frequency of bushmeat consumption impedes people’s intention to support conservation projects, implying that the consumer culture of nature might be a hindrance in the efforts to engage the public. Based on the findings, this study offers not only the key solution to alleviate financial burdens for nature conservation but also paves the way to nurture and foster environmental culture associated with closer nature connectedness and improved consumption culture for a sustainable future in years to come.