bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiences of patients with borderline personality disorder with the brief admission intervention: A phenomenological study
Authors: Helleman Marjolein , Goossens Peter J. J. , Kaasenbrood Ad , van Achterberg Theo 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBrief admission is a crisis intervention for patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD), and refers to a clinical admission at a psychiatric hospital for a period of 1–5 nights. Patients formulate a treatment plan together with their community mental health nurse about the maximum frequency allowed for these brief admissions. The purpose of the study was to describe the lived experiences of patients with BPD with use of the brief admission intervention. The study used a phenomenological approach. Inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of BPD, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–IV criteria; experience with brief admission, and sufficient understanding of the Dutch language. A total of 16 female patients and one male patient participated in the study. Thematic analysis of the transcripts of the interviews revealed four major meaning units: (i) organization of the brief admission; (ii) contact with a nurse; (iii) time out from daily life; and (iv) experienced value for the patient. Patients highlighted the quality of the contact with a nurse as the most important aspect of the brief admission. Nurses should be aware of the importance of connecting with patients who have BPD during a brief admission, particularly in light of the interpersonal hypersensitivity that characterizes these patients.
Implementing a major stream in mental health nursing: Barriers to effectiveness
Authors: Happell Brenda , McAllister Margaret 
Published: May 2014

AbstractChanges to the educational preparation of the nursing workforce in mental health continue to have profound effects on the availability of sufficient numbers of skilled graduates willing to work in this field. The longevity of the problem has focused attention on possible solutions. Introducing a major stream in mental health nursing in undergraduate Bachelor of Nursing programmes was proposed and supported as a potentially beneficial strategy, adopted by some Australian universities. Despite the promise invested in this strategy, systematic evaluations to determine the effectiveness or otherwise of this approach were not initiated. A qualitative exploratory study was undertaken with Australian universities, which had implemented the major stream, regarding their experiences and observed outcomes. In‐depth interviews were conducted with a mental health nurse academic from each university. The barriers to the effectiveness of the major in mental health nursing are the specific focus of this paper. Thematic data analysis revealed three main barriers: clinical placements, lack of support from other academics, and integrated curricula. These barriers substantially limited the effectiveness of this strategy – in some instances, leading to the programme's termination – and must be assertively addressed to maximize the potential of the major in mental health nursing.
How clinicians manage access to opioid replacement therapy
Authors: Harlow Warren , Happell Brenda , Browne Graeme 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIn Australia, people wait to access opioid replacement therapy (ORT). The aim of this study was to examine how clinicians (n = 35) prioritize consumers for opioid replacement therapy (ORT). The study used a methodology informed by a constructivist approach to grounded theory. Based on a scenario related to two consumers seeking admission to opioid replacement therapy (ORT), participants were asked to prioritize one for preferential admission and questioned about their decision‐making. Clinicians were neither confident nor unanimous in their decision‐making. Team involvement and work experience influenced their judgment. Differences between clinicians in regard to understanding risks and protective factors were identified. To support uniformity in managing treatment requests, clearer policy direction to gui clinician practice, and further exploration of how models of care and team involvement influence consumer outcomes, are recommended.
Research participation by people with intellectual disability and mental health issues: An examination of the processes of consent
Authors: Taua Chris , Neville Christine , Hepworth Julie 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBalancing the demands of research and ethics is always challenging, and even more so when recruiting vulnerable groups. Within the context of current legislation and international human rights declarations, it is strongly advocated that research can and must be undertaken with all recipients of health‐care services. Research in the field of intellectual disability presents particular challenges in regards to consenting processes. This paper is a reflective overview and analysis of the complex processes undertaken, and events that occurred in gaining informed consent from people with intellectual disability to participate in a study exploring their experiences of being an inpatient in mental health hospitals within Aotearoa/New Zealand. A framework based on capacity, information, and voluntariness is presented, with excerpts from the field provided to explore consenting processes. The practical implications of the processes utilized are then discussed in order to stimulate debate regarding clearer and enhanced methods of gaining informed consent from people with intellectual disability.
Combining biased randomization with iterated local search for solving the multidepot vehicle routing problem
Authors: Juan Angel A. , Pascual Iñaki , Guimarans Daniel , Barrios Barry 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis paper proposes a hybrid approach for solving the multidepot vehicle routing problem (MDVRP) with a limited number of identical vehicles per depot. Our approach, which only uses a few parameters, combines “biased randomization”—use of nonsymmetric probability distributions to generate randomness—with the iterated local search (ILS) metaheuristic. Two biased‐randomized processes are employed at different stages of the ILS framework in order to (a) assign customers to depots following a randomized priority criterion—this allows for fast generation of alternative allocation maps and (b) improving routing solutions associated with a “promising” allocation map—this is done by randomizing the classical savings heuristic. These biased‐randomized processes rely on the use of the geometric probability distribution, which is characterized by a single and bounded parameter. Being an approach with few parameters, our algorithm does not require troublesome fine‐tuning processes, which tend to be time consuming. Using standard benchmarks, the computational experiments show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. Despite its hybrid nature, our approach is relatively easy to implement and can be parallelized in a very natural way, which makes it an interesting alternative for practical applications of the MDVRP.
Low‐Temperature Sintering and Microwave Dielectric Properties of CaMoO4‐Based Temperature Stable LTCC Material
Authors: Pang Li‐Xia , Zhou Di , Liu Wei‐Guo 
Published: May 2014

The CaMoO4–xY2O3–xLi2O ceramics were prepared by the solid‐state reaction method. The sintering behavior, phase evolution, microstructure, and microwave dielectric properties were investigated. CaMoO4 solid solution was obtained when x = 0.030, and two‐phase system including tetragonal CaMoO4 phase and cubic Y2O3 phase formed when 0.066 ≤ x ≤ 1.417. A temperature stable CaMoO4‐based microwave dielectric ceramic with ultralow sintering temperature (775°C) was obtained in the CaMoO4–xY2O3–xLi2O system when x = 0.306, which showed good microwave dielectric properties with a low permittivity of 9.5, a high Qf value of 63 240 GHz, and a near‐zero temperature coefficient of resonant frequency of +7.2 ppm/°C.
Characterization of Mechanical Loss in Piezoelectric Materials Using Temperature and Vibration Measurements
Authors: Shekhani Husain N. , Uchino Kenji 
Published: May 2014

In this research, a unique approach for characterizing mechanical loss in piezoelectric materials is developed. Instead of characterizing mechanical loss through electrical measurements, thermal and mechanical measurements are used. A comprehensive heat transfer model has been developed to describe the temperature rise due to heat generation in piezoelectric materials in resonance conditions. Using this model, along with experimental temperature and vibration measurements, the mechanical quality factor can be calculated. Advantages of this method over electrical impedance methods include high sensitivity to change in losses due to precise temperature and vibration measurements and evaluation of losses from a single frequency (versus a frequency sweep). This method has been applied to a hard PZT ceramic at several frequencies near its fundamental resonance at a tip vibration velocity of 300 mm/s RMS. In these high power conditions, the standard deviation of the mechanical quality factor resulting from the impedance data was 15%, while those resulting from the new method are less than 2.5%. The results from the impedance measurements using a constant vibration velocity sweep agree with the magnitude of the quality factor calculated from new method, giving evidence to its validity.
Infancy predictors of hyperkinetic and pervasive developmental disorders at ages 5–7 years: results from the Copenhagen Child Cohort CCC2000
Authors: Elberling Hanne , Linneberg Allan , Olsen Else Marie , Houmann Tine , Rask Charlotte Ulrikka , Goodman Robert , Skovgaard Anne Mette 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundEpidemiological studies infancy predictors of mental disorders are scarce.MethodsThe study is part of a longitudinal birth‐cohort study, The Copenhagen Child Cohort CCC2000. Infant mental health and development and mother‐infant relations were assessed by community health nurses from birth to age 10 months. Data on the perinatal period were obtained from Danish National Registers. Mental health outcome at age 5–7 years was investigated in 1,585 children who were assessed by the Developmental and Well‐Being Assessment (DAWBA) and diagnosed according to the ICD‐10.ResultsPredictors of autism spectrum disorders were problems of oral‐motor development OR 5.02 (95% CI: 1.63–15.42) and overall development OR 4.24 (95% CI: 1.35–13.33). A deviant pattern of activity and interests were predictive of autism spectrum disorder, OR 5.34 (95% CI 1.45–19.70) and hyperkinetic disorder, OR 4.71 (95% CI: 1.28–17.39). Hyperkinetic disorder was furthermore predicted by mother‐infant relationship problems, OR 8.07 (95% CI: 2.90–22.47). The significant associations between infant developmental problems and autism spectrum disorders persisted in multiple logistic regression analyses controlled for maternal psychological problems and mother‐infant relationship problems, OR 3.21 (95% CI: 1.09–9.45). Mother‐infant relationship problems remained strongly associated to hyperkinetic disorders in the multivariate analyses controlled for child development problems and maternal psychological problems, OR 5.20 (95% CI: 1.55–17.47). No significant infancy predictors were found regarding emotional and behavioural disorders at age 5–7 years.ConclusionPredictors of autism spectrum/pervasive developmental disorders and hyperkinetic disorders at child age 5–7 years were identified between birth and child age 10 months in community health settings. The study results suggest potential areas of early preventive intervention, which have to be further explored regarding the psychometric qualities of the identification of infants at risk, and concerning methods to handle and intervene towards these children in the general child health surveillance.
An investigation of risk factors associated with tooth surface loss: a pilot study
Authors: Kosalram K. , Whittle T. , Byth K. , Klineberg I. 
Published: May 2014

SummaryFew prospective studies have investigated risk factors associated with severe tooth surface loss. This case–control study assessed the possible association between medical history, diet, psychological profile and salivary pH and flow [Delongis 1982, Johansson 1993] with the incidence of severe tooth surface loss. A total of 80 subjects (40 cases and 40 age‐ and gender‐matched controls) aged 25–85 years were recruited. Cases were subjects with severe tooth surface loss, and controls with mild tooth surface loss. Conditional logistic regression analysis estimated the odds of severe tooth surface loss to be 15·4 times higher for those with cardiovascular disease and 16 times for gastrointestinal disturbances. Most domains of the psychological profile were associated with elevated risk of severe tooth surface loss, particularly the effects of finance and health. Recreational drug use and prescription medications were also associated with severe tooth surface loss. There was no association between salivary flow and severe tooth surface loss. Although not statistically significant, the pH was slightly lower in the severe tooth surface loss group.
Changes in Sexual Roles and Quality of Life for Gay Men after Prostate Cancer: Challenges for Sexual Health Providers
Authors: Hart Tae L. , Coon David W. , Kowalkowski Marc A. , Zhang Karen , Hersom Justin I. , Goltz Heather H. , Wittmann Daniela A. , Latini David M. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

Introduction
Gay men with prostate cancer (GMPCa) may have differential health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and sexual health outcomes than heterosexual men with prostate cancer (PCa), but existing information is based on clinical experience and small studies.

Aims
Our goals were to: (i) describe HRQOL and examine changes in sexual functioning and bother; (ii) explore the psychosocial aspects of sexual health after PCa; and (iii) examine whether there were significant differences on HRQOL and sexual behavior between GMPCa and published norms.

Methods
A convenience sample of GMPCa completed validated disease-specific and general measures of HRQOL, ejaculatory function and bother, fear of cancer recurrence, and satisfaction with prostate cancer care. Measures of self-efficacy for PCa management, illness intrusiveness, and disclosure of sexual orientation were also completed. Where possible, scores were compared against published norms.

Main Outcome Measures
Main outcome measures were self-reported sexual functioning and bother on the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index.

Results
Compared with norms, GMPCa reported significantly worse functioning and more severe bother scores on urinary, bowel, hormonal symptom scales (Ps &lt; 0.015–0.0001), worse mental health functioning (P &lt; 0.0001), greater fear of cancer recurrence (P &lt; 0.0001), and were more dissatisfied with their PCa medical care. However, GMPCa reported better sexual functioning scores (P &lt; 0.002) compared with norms. Many of the observed differences met criteria for clinical significance. Physical functioning HRQOL and sexual bother scores were similar to that of published samples. GMPCa tended to be more “out” about their sexual orientation than other samples of gay men.

Conclusions
GMPCa reported substantial changes in sexual functioning after PCa treatment. They also reported significantly worse disease-specific and general HRQOL, fear of recurrence, and were less satisfied with their medical care than other published PCa samples. Sexual health providers must have an awareness of the unique functional and HRQOL differences between gay and heterosexual men with PCa.
Living on the edge of asthma: A grounded theory exploration
Authors: Shaw Michele R. , Oneal Gail 
Published: May 2014

AbstractPurposeMost asthma‐related emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations for asthma are preventable. Our purpose was to develop a grounded theory to guide interventions to reduce unnecessary hospitalizations and ED visits.Design and MethodsGrounded theory inquiry guided interviews of 20 participants, including 13 parents and 7 children.ResultsLiving on the edge of asthma was the emergent theory. Categories included: balancing, losing control, seeking control, and transforming.Practice ImplicationsThe theory provides the means for nurses to understand the dynamic process that families undergo in trying to prevent and then deal with and learn from an acute asthma attack requiring hospitalization or an ED visit.
Cognitive–emotional hyperarousal in the offspring of parents vulnerable to insomnia: a nuclear family study
Authors: Fernandez‐Mendoza Julio , Shaffer Michele L. , Olavarrieta‐Bernardino Sara , Vgontzas Alexandros N. , Calhoun Susan L. , Bixler Edward O. , Vela‐Bueno Antonio 
Published: May 2014

SummaryCognitive–emotional hyperarousal is believed to be a predisposing factor for insomnia; however, there is limited information on the association of familial vulnerability to insomnia and cognitive–emotional hyperarousal. The aim of this study was to estimate the heritability of stress‐related insomnia and examine whether parental vulnerability to stress‐related insomnia is associated with cognitive–emotional hyperarousal in their offspring. We studied a volunteer sample of 135 nuclear families comprised of 270 middle‐aged (51.5 ± 5.4 years) fathers and mothers and one of their biological offspring (n = 135, 20.2 ± 1.1 years). We measured vulnerability to stress‐related insomnia (i.e. Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test: FIRST), perceived stress, depression and anxiety in all participants, and arousability, presleep cognitive and somatic arousal, coping and personality in the offspring. We found a heritability estimate of 29% for FIRST scores. High FIRST parents had three to seven times the odds of having offspring highly vulnerable to stress‐related insomnia. Offspring of high FIRST parents showed higher arousability, presleep cognitive arousal and emotion‐oriented coping. Furthermore, high FIRST mothers contributed to offspring's higher anxiety and lower task‐oriented coping, while high FIRST fathers contributed to offspring's higher presleep somatic arousal and conscientiousness. Vulnerability to stress‐related insomnia is significantly heritable. Parents vulnerable to stress‐related insomnia have offspring with cognitive–emotional hyperarousal who rely upon emotion‐oriented coping. These data give support to the notion that arousability and maladaptive coping are key factors in the aetiology of insomnia.
The natural history of cerebellar degeneration of Niemann‐Pick C mice monitored in vitro
Authors: Marschalek Nils , Albert Frank , Meske Volker , Ohm Thomas Georg 
Published: May 2014

AimsNiemann‐Pick type C (NPC) disease is a fatal hereditary lysosomal lipid storage disease caused by mutations in NPC1 or NPC2. It is still unknown how this disorder evokes clinical signs. Typically, patients develop severe cerebellar ataxia due to progressive Purkinje cell loss. Hitherto, in vitro studies did not allow monitoring the natural process of NPC‐associated Purkinje cell degeneration. Aim of this study was to evaluate whether organotypic slice cultures are usable to monitor the natural process of NPC‐associated Purkinje‐cell degeneration.MethodsWe used organotypic cerebellar slice cultures of a well‐established NPC mouse model to display the natural history of cerebellar degeneration in vitro and cultivated them for a prolonged time period of 6 weeks for the first time. Moreover we tested several therapeutic candidates and evaluated their effect on Purkinje‐cell survival.ResultsOur approach proves that it is possible to monitor and to prevent NPC‐related Purkinje cell death reliably in vitro. This is beneficial because in vivo Purkinje cell loss directly translates into clinical signs. Thus, therapeutically interesting compounds can be tested in vitro, not only to correct biochemical abnormalities, but also to show the likelihood of a compound to prevent ataxia. As to be expected from the results of previous animal experiments, 2‐hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin rescued Purkinje cells. We also discovered that 3‐methyladenine preserved Purkinje cell numbers by adjusting the autophagic flux in NPC slices.ConclusionWe provide evidence that cerebellar slice cultures are a powerful in vitro tool to study NPC‐associated Purkinje cell death in an organotypic setting.
Impact of routine reporting of estimated glomerular filtration rate using the CKD‐EPI formula in a community population: A cross‐sectional cohort study
Authors: Mitchell Tim , Hadlow Narelle , Chakera Aron 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAimMost laboratories are moving to report estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD‐EPI) formula. However, data on the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the population and its economic impact have to date been modelled using data derived from the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) equation. Evaluating the impact of CKD‐EPI on prevalence has important implications for referral patterns and health expenditure.MethodseGFR were calculated from 2 295 313 creatinine results from 833 334 patients using the MDRD and CKD‐EPI formulae. The proportion of patients in each CKD stage was determined and annual rates of change of eGFR in patients assigned to a new CKD stage compared with their previous CKD stage calculated. The effects of age on eGFR were assessed.ResultsReporting of eGFR using the CKD‐EPI equation reduced the prevalence of CKD stages III‐V from 9.2% to 7.6%. A total of 181 126 patients were reclassified using CKD‐EPI with 171 298 changing to a better CKD stage. Reclassification rates were highest in CKD stages II and III. Patients reclassified from stage III to II tended to be younger or female. eGFR declines rapidly after the age of 60.ConclusionsIntroduction of routine eGFR reporting using the CKD‐EPI formula will reduce the population prevalence of CKD. CKD‐EPI reporting better identifies patients at risk of further decline in renal function. Improvement in the classification should reduce unnecessary costs related to surveillance and referral. The impact of ageing on renal function should be appreciated.
Who can blame who for what and how in responsibility for health?
Authors: Snelling Paul C. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis paper starts by introducing a tripartite conception of responsibility for health consisting of a moral agent having moral responsibilities and being held responsible, that is blamed, for failing to meet them and proceeds to a brief discussion of the nature of the blame, noting difficulties in agency and obligation when the concept is applied to health‐threatening behaviours. Insights about the obligations that we hold people to and the extent of their moral agency are revealed by interrogating our blaming behavior, and to facilitate this, my own blaming attitudes and actions are analysed in respect of an imagined adult son who seeks thrills by jumping from a pier into the sea, an activity common around coastlines and intended to be analogous in varying degrees to a range of health‐threatening behaviours. I consider my responses to this imagined act in relation to some features of moralism, the excess of morality, concluding that blame can be justified when it is proportionate and within interpersonal relationships. There is evidence that some nurses hold negative blaming attitudes towards groups of patients considered to have caused or contributed to their illness, but this is not justified, not only because of impaired agency, but also because if there is responsibility for health, associated obligations are owed to those who share our lives, and it is those people who are entitled to hold individuals responsible. Nurses who hold negative blaming attitudes towards groups of patients are invited to identify the status of moral agency, the precise natures of their (failed) obligations, and of the patient–nurse relationship. It is concluded that reflection on these matters and the difference between justified blame and moralism demonstrates that blaming behaviour in the context of professional health care is built on nothing stronger than prejudice.