bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pan-cancer analysis of COL15A1: an immunological and prognostic biomarker
Authors: Zhu Lei , Jiang Qianheng , Meng Jun , Zhao Haichun , Lin Jie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCollagen, type XV, alpha 1 (COL15A1) belongs to the collagen superfamily, which can influence disease progression by modulating immune pathways. Although the growing number of investigations demonstrating the indispensable role of COL15A1 in the progression of certain tumors, no pan-cancer assessment of COL15A1 is accessible to date. Therefore, the available data was used to explore the role of COL15A1 in 33 types of tumors and to investigate their potential immune function. Numerous bioinformatics approaches were used to research the potential oncogenic role of COL15A1, including analysis of tumor prognosis, microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor mutational burden (TMB), single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), drug sensitivity, immune cell infiltration, and the correlation between cancer stem cells (CSCs) and COL15A1 expression. The outcome implies that most tumors had a high expression of COL15A1, and COL15A1 manifested different relationships with prognosis in different tumors, including both positive and negative correlations. COL15A1 was also found to have a significant correlation with MSI, TMB, and immune infiltrating cells. Our study suggests that COL15A1 may serve as a prognostic marker for malignancy because of its differential expression in tissues and their function in tumor immunity.
Outcome of resveratrol and resveratrol with donepezil combination on the β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Rao Y. Lakshmisha , Ganaraja B. , Suresh Pooja K. , Joy Teresa , Ullal Sheetal D. , Manjrekar Poornima A. , Murlimanju B. V. , Sharma B. Gaurav , Massand Amit , Agrawal Amit 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe goal of this research was to study the effect of different doses of resveratrol (RS) and RS with donepezil (DPZ) on the deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in colchicine-induced Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain. The study included three months old male Albino Wistar rats and consisted of six animal groups: AD model (group 1), treatment groups, RS 10 mg/kg body weight (group 2), RS 20 mg/kg body weight (group 3), RS 10 mg/kg body weight along with DPZ 1 mg/kg body weight (group 6), prophylaxis groups, RS 10 mg/kg body weight (group 4) and RS 20 mg/kg body weight (group 5). In the treatment groups, RS was given for 7 consecutive days from the day of induction of AD, and in the prophylaxis groups, we started RS 7 days even before the induction of AD and continued for seven days after the induction. The number of Aβs and NFTs at the frontal region, cornu ammonis (CA) 1,2,3,4 and dentate gyrus regions of hippocampus were evaluated. The immunohistochemical analysis was performed by using mouse anti-β-amyloid antibody for the Aβ plaques and polyclonal rabbit anti-human tau for the tau-positive neurons. The present study observed the accumulation of Aβ plaques and tau-positive neurons in the AD model. However, their numbers were significantly decreased in the treatment groups (p < 0.001). The best results were observed when RS 10 mg was given prophylactically (p < 0.01) and RS along with DPZ (p < 0.001), suggesting the neuroprotective effect of RS and its synergistic effect with the DPZ.
Transposable elements contribute to tissue-specific gene regulation in humans
Authors: Ali Arsala , Liang Ping 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Transposable elements (TEs) contribute to approximately half of the human genome, and along with many other functions, they have been known to play a role in gene regulation in the genome. With TEs’ active/repressed states varying across tissue and cell types, they have the potential to regulate gene expression in a tissue-specific manner.

Objective and methods
To provide a systematic analysis of TEs’ contribution in tissue-specific gene regulation, we examined the regulatory elements and genes in association with TE-derived regulatory sequences in 14 human cell lines belonging to 10 different tissue types using the functional genomics data from the ENCODE project. Specifically, we separately analyzed regulatory regions identified by three different approaches (DNase hypersensitive sites (DHS), histone active sites (HA), and histone repressive sites (HR)).

Results
These regulatory regions showed to be distinct from each other by sharing less than 2.5% among all three types and more than 95% showed to be cell line-specific. Despite a lower total TE content overall than the genome average, each regulatory sequence type showed enrichment for one or two specific TE type(s): DHS for long terminal repeats (LTRs) and DNA transposons, HA for short interspersed nucleotide elements (SINEs), and HR for LTRs. In contrast, SINE was shown to be overrepresented in all three types of regulatory sequences located in gene-neighboring regions. TE-regulated genes were mostly shown to have cell line specific pattern, and tissue-specific genes (TSGs) showed higher usage of TE regulatory sequences in the tissue of their expression. While TEs in the regulatory sequences showed to be older than their genome-wide counterparts, younger TEs were shown to be more likely used in cell line specific regulatory sequences.

Conclusions
Collectively, our study provided further evidence enforcing an important contribution of TEs to tissue-specific gene regulation in humans.
The Growth of V5S8 Single Crystals by Chemical Vapour Transport
Authors: Sonego C. A. , Li H. , Einarsson Nielsen P. , Lashley J. C. , Avila M. A. , Rowley S. E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSingle crystals of the d-electron antiferromagnetic metal V5S8 can be prepared by chemical vapour transport with gaseous iodine as a transport agent. We present the outcomes of an endeavour to synthesise high-purity single crystals of V5S8 with reduced crystalline disorder, important to the formation of novel quantum orders. We report results on the residual resistivity ratio of the single crystals as growth parameters are varied including growth temperature, temperature gradient and pre-growth processing of the initial apparatus and reagents. We demonstrate that single crystals of at least a few mm in size can be successfully grown at relatively low temperatures in the range 550–600 °C. The optimisation of this method may imply a better crystallographic organisation, reducing sulphur vacancies and increasing vanadium positional order. The resulting longer electron mean free paths may enhance the probability of finding exotic quantum states of matter at low temperatures. The results presented here may also be of relevance to the development of vanadium sulphide-based energy storage and spintronic devices.
States of Resistance: nosocomial and environmental approaches to antimicrobial resistance in Lebanon
Authors: Haraoui Louis-Patrick , Rizk Anthony , Landecker Hannah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDrawing on institutional historical records, interviews and student theses, this article charts the intersection of hospital acquired illness, the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), environments of armed conflict, and larger questions of social governance in the specific case of the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC) in Lebanon. Taking a methodological cue from approaches in contemporary scientific work that understand non-clinical settings as a fundamental aspect of the history and development of AMR, we treat the hospital as not just nested in a set of social and environmental contexts, but frequently housing within itself elements of social and environmental history. AMR in Lebanon differs in important ways from the settings in which global protocols for infection control or rubrics for risk factor identification for resistant nosocomial outbreaks were originally generated. While such differences are all too often depicted as failures of low and middle-income countries (LMIC) to maintain universal standards, the historical question before us is quite the reverse: how have the putatively universal rubrics of AMR and hospital infection control failed to take account of social and environmental conditions that clearly matter deeply in the evolution and spread of resistance? Focusing on conditions of war as an organized chaos in which social, environmental and clinical factors shift dramatically, on the social and political topography of patient transfer, and on a missing “meso” level of AMR surveillance between the local and global settings, we show how a multisectoral One Health approach to AMR could be enriched by an answering multisectoral methodology in history, particularly one that unsettles a canonical focus on the story of AMR in the Euro-American context.
Students’ Understanding of Riemann Sums and Double Integrals: The Case of Task Design in APOS Theory
Authors: Borji Vahid , Martínez-Planell Rafael , Trigueros María 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, we investigate students’ understanding of the relation between a double integral of a continuous function over a rectangle and the corresponding Riemann sums. To do so, we explore the relation between (1) a proposed model (genetic decomposition) of mental constructions that students may do to understand the relation between Riemann sums and double integrals, (2) tasks designed to help students make these constructions, and (3) the results of semi-structured interviews with eleven students who completed the tasks. We focus on the construction differences between students who engaged in tasks designed according to the genetic decomposition and those in a previously studied lecture-based course. The study aimed to underscore the task's effect on students' learning in order to refine the genetic decomposition if needed. This study contributes a set of tasks that enable students to relate Riemann sums and double integrals. The results showed that students using the proposed materials in class and a collaborative didactical strategy provided evidence of constructing the structures proposed in the genetic decomposition. The tasks are based on a genetic decomposition, so the study also contributes by showing that it is an effective model to guide instruction. The constructions inferred from students’ work are discussed in detail and compared to those proposed in the genetic decomposition and those resulting from previous research.
Exploring the Association Between Heart Rate Control and Rehospitalization: A Real-World Analysis of Patients Hospitalized with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Mody Freny Vaghaiwalla , Goyal Ravi K. , Ajmera Mayank , Davis Keith L. , Amin Alpesh N. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
In patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), lower discharge heart rate (HR) is known to be associated with better outcomes. However, the effect of HR control on patient outcomes, and the demographic and clinical determinants of this association, are not well documented.

Objectives
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the association between the HR control and the risk of post-discharge rehospitalization in patients hospitalized with HFrEF.

Methods
Data were collected using a retrospective medical record review in the USA. Reduction in HR between admission and discharge (“HR control”) defined the primary exposure, categorized as no reduction, > 0 to < 20% reduction, and ≥ 20% reduction. Time to first rehospitalization in the post-discharge follow-up defined the study outcome and was analyzed using multivariable Cox regression modeling.

Results
A total of 1002 patients were analyzed (median age, 63 years; median follow-up duration, 24.2 months). At admission, 59.1% received beta-blockers, 57.4% received diuretics, and 47.5% received angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Most patients (90.5%) achieved some HR control (38.4% achieved > 0 to < 20% reduction, and 52% achieved ≥ 20% reduction). Approximately 39% were rehospitalized during the follow-up (14% within 30 days). In multivariable analysis, patients with > 0 to < 20% reduction in HR had a 39% lower risk of rehospitalization [hazard ratio 0.61; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.43–0.85]; patients with ≥ 20% reduction in HR had a 38% lower rehospitalization risk (hazard ratio 0.62; 95% CI 0.45–0.87) than those with no HR reduction.

Conclusions
Reduction in HR between admission and discharge was associated with reduced risk for rehospitalization. Findings indicate HR control as an important goal in the management of patients hospitalized for HFrEF.
EU Lawlessness Law at the EU-Belarusian Border: Torture and Dehumanisation Excused by ‘Instrumentalisation’
Authors: Ganty Sarah , Ancite-Jepifánova Aleksandra , Kochenov Dimitry V. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper engages with the routine normalisation of mass violations of human rights at the EU–Belarusian border. The direct and indirect victimisation of the racialised ‘other’ on the Eastern border of the Union is a direct extension of the EU-sponsored war on the racialised passport-poor in the Mediterranean. Together, the two form one clear and coherent picture of flagrant mass rights abuse. This EU law approach has claimed more than 27,000 lives over the last eight years and left more than 120,000 innocent people captured and imprisoned, or enslaved and sold for ransom by the criminal proxies enlisted by the EU and its Member States. This dramatic situation has not arisen by chance. An array of legal techniques is deployed by the EU, specifically by FRONTEX, the European Commission and, albeit incidentally and to a lesser extent, the European Court of Justice—to make sure that the full brunt of the denial of the right to life and other vital rights of non-citizens is never presented as a violation of EU law. We call these legal techniques ‘EU lawlessness law’. Focusing on the situation at the EU–Belarusian border allows us to zoom in on the bespoke lawlessness solutions crafted and deployed there by the EU and its Member States. The gross violations of the law are rhetorically justified by the alleged instrumentalisation of migrants by the dictatorial Belarusian regime. Paradoxically, the latter emerges as a de facto partner of the EU and its Member States, in torturing numerous people in complete disregard of any of the legal guarantees that the Union professes to provide.
How to Formalize Different Types of Norms in Multi-agent Systems: A Methodology Focused on the T-Norm Model
Authors: Roshankish Soheil , Fornara Nicoletta 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn a world where many activities are carried out digitally, it is increasingly urgent to be able to formally represent the norms, policies, and contracts that regulate these activities in order to make them understandable and processable by machine. In multi-agent systems, the process to be followed by a person to choose a formal model of norms and transform a norm written in a natural language into a formal one by using the selected model is a demanding task. In this paper, we introduce a methodology to be followed by people to understand the fundamental elements that they should consider for this transformation. We will focus mainly on a methodology for formalizing norms using the T-Norm model, this is because it allows us to express a rich set of different types of norms. Nevertheless, the proposed methodology is general enough to also be used, in some of its steps, to formalize norms using other formal languages. In the definition of the methodology, we will explicitly state which types of norms can be expressed with a given model and which cannot. Since there is not yet a set of different types of norms that is sufficiently expressive and is recognized as valid by the Normative Mutiagent Systems (NorMAS) community, another goal of this paper is to propose and discuss a rich set of norms types that could be used to study the expressive power of different formal models of norms, to compare them, and to translate norms formalized with one language into norms written in another language.
Psilocybin in pharmacotherapy of obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: Owe-Larsson Maja , Kamińska Katarzyna , Buchalska Barbara , Mirowska-Guzel Dagmara , Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska Agnieszka 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic mental disease that affects approximately 2% of the population. Obsessions and compulsions are troublesome for patients and may disturb their everyday activities. The pathogenesis of this disease is still not fully elucidated, but dysfunctions of serotonin-, dopamine- and glutamate-mediated neurotransmission together with early maladaptive schemas seem of importance. Pharmacological treatment includes drugs affecting the serotoninergic, dopaminergic, and glutamatergic systems, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Providing that up to 40% of patients with OCD are resistant to the currently available medications, there is a need for novel and effective therapies. Recent discoveries suggest that psilocybin, a non-physically addictive psychoactive substance, may ameliorate disease symptoms. When used in appropriate doses and under strict clinical control, psilocybin appears as a valuable treatment for OCD. This narrative article provides a thorough overview of OCD’s etiology, current treatment options, and the emerging evidence supporting psilocybin’s efficacy in managing OCD symptoms.
Quantifying External Energy Inputs for Giant Planet Magnetospheres
Authors: Gershman Daniel J. , DiBraccio Gina A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe long‐standing “energy crisis” at the giant planets refers to the anomalous heating of planetary thermospheres compared to the available energy from solar irradiance. The coupling between planetary magnetospheres and their upper atmospheres is thought to address these crises, though the sources and pathways of energy transport have not been fully explored at each system. In particular, the total available energy from the upstream solar wind at each planet has not been comprehensively quantified. Here we apply recently developed models of energy conversion by magnetic reconnection and the Kelvin‐Helmholtz instability to each of the Giant Planets, providing estimates of the average external energy inputs for each system between 1985 and 2020. We find that external energy associated with solar‐wind‐magnetospheric coupling significantly exceeds that from solar extreme ultraviolet photons. While internal energy sources are known to dominate at Jupiter and Saturn, external sources may be significant at Uranus and Neptune.
Dwindling Effective Radiative Forcing of Large Volcanic Eruption: The Compensation Role of Ocean Latent Heat Flux
Authors: Gao Ya , Gao Chaochao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractClimatic impacts of historical volcanism are principally tied to the eruption size, while observation versus model discrepancies have been commonly attributed to the uncertainties in paleo‐reconstruction or malpresentation of volcanic aerosols in models. Here we present convergent evidence for significant compensation effect of ocean latent heat (LH) in balancing the tropical volcanic‐induced heat loss, by introducing an effective perturbation ratio which is found to decrease with increasing eruption magnitude. Four LH compensation hot spots overlapping with the trade wind regions are identified, together with three western boundary currents regions with intensified LH loss. Comparison between the 1258 Samalas and 1452 Unidentified eruptions suggests considerable modulation of the concurring El Nino‐Southern Oscillation on LH anomaly, which is further verified by CESM large ensemble sensitivity experiments. This study depicts how the interplay between the ocean and the atmosphere could contribute to the overall resilience of the climate system in the face of volcanic disturbances.
Could Developing Frontal Rainfall Influence Warm‐Sector Rainfall?
Authors: Yang Hongpei , Du Yu , Chen Zijian , Fang Junying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractForecasting warm‐sector rainfall (WR) remains a major challenge, primarily due to weak synoptic forcing. Through cloud‐permitting numerical simulations, in addition to direct triggering mechanism from low‐level jets, we identify the important role of gravity waves in a heavy WR event in South China via convective preconditioning. The preconditioning manifests as mid‐level moistening and destabilization with wave‐like variations. This process is driven by fast‐propagating (∼24 m s−1) n = 2 waves, associated with lower‐tropospheric ascents and upper‐tropospheric descents. Waves are generated during the evolution of northern frontal rainfall (FR). As FR intensifies, surges in low‐level diabatic cooling mainly resulting from microphysical processes, trigger n = 2 waves, which further precondition the environment along their path. In contrast, a sensitivity experiment involving stably developing FR fails to reproduce the preconditioning process by waves and the subsequent occurrence of WR. Overall, our study illuminates a new pathway through which FR significantly influences WR via gravity waves.
Dynamic Characterization of Equatorial Plasma Bubble Based on Triangle Network‐Joint Slope Approach
Authors: Miao Xirui , Yang Rong , Fu Naifeng , Zhan Xingqun , Morton Y. Jade 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces a Triangle Network‐Joint Slope (TN‐JS) approach to characterize the spatial and temporal dynamics of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles (EPBs) during geomagnetic storms. To collaboratively determine the EPB drift directions from multiple stations, a Delaunay triangle network is constructed, utilizing the distribution of Ionospheric Piercing Points (IPPs). The Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) is extracted through cross‐correlating the Rate of Total Electron Content (ROT). The EPB drift direction can be approximately calculated by considering TDOA and IPP distances within each individual triangle of the network. This calculation is then refined through a joint statistical analysis. Using a reference station as the origin, the remaining stations within the network are projected along the estimated EPB drift direction. A spatial‐temporal color map illustrating regional ionospheric anomaly ROT observations is constructed. The EPB drift velocity among multiple stations can be collectively estimated by fitting the slope of this map, facilitating outlier exclusion. Accounting for satellite dynamic effects and the diverse orbit characteristics of GPS and BDS, corresponding IPP scan velocity compensation is performed and analyzed for EPB dynamic estimation. Using the geomagnetic storm event that occurred on September 8 as a case study, the spatial‐temporal kinetic properties of EPBs is characterized by analyzing Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observations from 17 Hong Kong monitoring stations with the proposed TN‐JS approach. The results indicate during this magnetic event, that EPBs exhibit a westward drift trend with velocities ranging from a few tens to hundreds of meters per second in GPS and BDS observations.