bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A nested dissection approach to modeling transport in nanodevices: Algorithms and applications
Authors: Hetmaniuk U. , Zhao Y. , Anantram M.P. 
Published: June 2013

SUMMARYModeling nanoscale devices quantum mechanically is a computationally challenging problem where new methods to solve the underlying equations are in a dire need. In this paper, we present an approach to calculate the charge density in nanoscale devices, within the context of the nonequilibrium Green's function approach. Our approach exploits recent advances in using an established graph partitioning approach. The developed method has the capability to handle open boundary conditions that are represented by full self‐energy matrices required for realistic modeling of nanoscale devices. Our method to calculate the electron density has a reduced complexity compared with the established recursive Green's function approach. As an example, we apply our algorithm to a quantum well superlattice and a carbon nanotube, which are represented by a continuum and tight binding Hamiltonian, respectively, and demonstrate significant speedup over the recursive method. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Convergence of adaptive 3D BEM for weakly singular integral equations based on isotropic mesh‐refinement
Authors: Karkulik Michael , Of Günther , Praetorius Dirk 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe consider the adaptive lowest‐order boundary element method based on isotropic mesh refinement for the weakly‐singular integral equation for the three‐dimensional Laplacian. The proposed scheme resolves both, possible singularities of the solution as well as of the given data. The implementation thus only deals with discrete integral operators, that is, matrices. We prove that the usual adaptive mesh‐refining algorithm drives the corresponding error estimator to zero. Under an appropriate saturation assumption which is observed empirically, the sequence of discrete solutions thus tends to the exact solution within the energy norm. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2013
Superconvergence of the split least‐squares method for second‐order hyperbolic equations
Authors: Guo Hui , Fu Hongfei , Zhang Jiansong 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis article studies superconvergence phenomena of the split least‐squares mixed finite element method for second‐order hyperbolic equations. By selecting the least‐squares functional properly, the procedure can be split into two independent symmetric positive definite subprocedures, one of which is for the primitive unknown and the other is for the flux. Based on interpolation operators and an auxiliary projection, superconvergent H1 error estimates for the primary variable u and L2 error estimates for the introduced flux variable σ are obtained under the standard quasiuniform assumptions on finite element partition. A numerical example is given to show the performance of the introduced scheme. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 30: 222‐238, 2014
Do weight loss and adherence cluster within behavioral treatment groups?
Authors: Wing Rena R. , Leahey Tricia , Jeffery Robert , Johnson Karen C. , Hill James O. , Coday Mace , Espeland Mark A. ,   The Look AHEAD Research Group
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveWeight loss programs are often conducted in a group format, but it is unclear whether weight losses or adherence cluster within treatment group and whether characteristics of the group (e.g., size or homogeneity) affect outcomes. We examined these questions within Look AHEAD, a multicenter study of the effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) in overweight/obese individuals with type 2 diabetes.MethodsWeight losses and adherence (attendance, use of meal replacement products, and minutes of activity) were examined over one year of intervention in 2329 ILI participants in 209 treatment groups, which all received the same weight loss program.ResultsWeight losses did not cluster among members of a treatment group (intra‐class correlation [ICC] of 0.007), whereas measures of adherence had small/moderate clustering (ICCs of 0.05‐0.11). The 209 groups varied in weight losses, with a mean of 8.64% (SD = 2.35%, interquartile range = 6.82%, 10.32%), but neither size nor baseline homogeneity of members affected the outcome.ConclusionsAlthough these findings suggest that it may not be necessary to control for clustering in behavioral weight loss studies, they also indicate that merely treating individuals in groups is not sufficient to harness social influences on weight loss.
Sex steroid levels and response to weight loss interventions among postmenopausal women in the diabetes prevention program
Authors: Kim Catherine , Barrett‐Connor Elizabeth , Randolph John F. , Kong Shengchun , Nan Bin , Mather Kieren J. , Golden Sherita H. ,   the Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group
Published: June 2013

ObjectivesTo examine whether estrogen use potentiates weight loss interventions via sex steroid levels and whether endogenous sex steroid levels predict response to weight loss interventions among women not using estrogen.MethodsThe Diabetes Prevention Program randomized overweight or obese dysglycemic participants to lifestyle change with the goals of weight reduction of >7% of initial weight and 150 minutes per week of exercise, metformin, or placebo. In this secondary analysis, we examined sex steroid levels and reductions in weight and waist circumference (WC) among postmenopausal women using (n = 324) and not using (n = 382) oral estrogen.ResultsEstrogen users and nonusers randomized to lifestyle change and metformin both lost significant amounts of weight compared to placebo. Reductions in weight and WC over 1 year associated with randomization arm were not associated with baseline sex steroid levels among estrogen users or nonusers.ConclusionsAmong estrogen users, baseline sex steroids were not associated with reductions in weight or WC, suggesting that exogenous estrogen does not potentiate weight loss by altering sex steroids. Among nonestrogen users, baseline sex steroids were not associated with reductions in weight or WC.
Energy balance in adolescent girls: The trial of activity for adolescent girls cohort
Authors: Cohen Deborah A. , Ghosh‐Dastidar Bonnie , Conway Terry L. , Evenson Kelly R. , Rodriguez Daniel A. , Beckman Robin , Elder John P. , Pickrel Julie , Lytle Leslie 
Published: June 2013

ObjectivesTo study correlates of change in BMI percentile and body fat among adolescent girls.MethodsA longitudinal prospective study following 265 girls from the Trial of Activity for Adolescent Girls (TAAG) cohort measured in 8th grade and during 10 and 11th grade or 11th and 12th grade. Twice during 2009‐2011 girls wore an accelerometer and completed a food frequency questionnaire and 7‐day diary documenting trips and food eaten away from home and school. Physical activity, BMI, and percent body fat were objectively measured at each time point.ResultsModerate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) declined, but the change was not independently associated with changes in BMI percentile. Increased vigorous physical activity was associated with reductions in body fat. Diet was associated with both changes in BMI percentile and body fat. Girls who increased the percentage of caloric intake from snacks and desserts reduced their BMI percentile and body fat.ConclusionsSome relationships between energy balance behaviors and BMI and body composition were counter‐intuitive. While it is plausible that vigorous physical activity would result in reductions of body fat, until more accurate methods are devised to measure diet, the precise contribution of dietary composition to health will be difficult to assess.
Do we get it right? Radiation oncology outpatients' perceptions of the patient centredness of life expectancy disclosure
Authors: Mackenzie Lisa J. , Carey Mariko L. , Paul Chris L. , Sanson‐Fisher Rob W. , D'Este Catherine A. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjectiveA patient‐centred approach to discussing life expectancy with cancer patients is recommended in Western countries. However, this approach to eliciting and meeting patient preferences can be challenging for clinicians. The aims of this study were the following: (i) to examine cancer patients' preferences for life expectancy disclosure; and (ii) to explore agreement between cancer patients’ preferences for, and perceived experiences of, life expectancy disclosure.MethodsCancer patients undergoing radiotherapy treatment in metropolitan Australia completed a cross‐sectional touchscreen computer survey including optional questions about their life expectancy disclosure preferences and experiences.ResultsOf the 208 respondents, 178 (86%) indicated that they would prefer their clinician to ask them before discussing life expectancy, and 30 (14%) indicated that they would prefer others (i.e. clinicians, family) to decide whether they were given life expectancy information. Of the 175 respondents who were classified as having a self‐ determined or other‐determined disclosure experience, 105 (60%) reported an experience of life expectancy disclosure that was in accordance with their preferences. Cohen's κ was −0.04 (95% CI, −0.17, 0.08), indicating very poor agreement between patients' preferences for and perceived experiences of life expectancy disclosure (p = 0.74).ConclusionsIn light of patient‐centred prognosis disclosure guidelines, our findings of a majority preference for, and experience of, a self‐determined approach to life expectancy disclosure amongst radiation oncology patients are encouraging. However, poor agreement between preferences and experiences highlights that additional effort from clinicians is required in order to achieve a truly patient‐centred approach to life expectancy disclosure. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Species identification of Asini Corii Collas (donkey glue) by PCR amplification of cytochrome b gene
Authors: Kumeta Yukie , Maruyama Takuro , Asama Hiroshi , Yamamoto Yutaka , Hakamatsuka Takashi , Goda Yukihiro 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Asini Corii Collas (ACC; donkey glue) is a crude drug used to promote hematopoiesis and arrest bleeding. Because adulteration of the drug with substances from other animals such as horses, cattle, and pigs has been found, we examined PCR methods based on the sequence of the cytochrome b gene for source species identification. Two strategies for extracting DNA from ACC were compared, and the ion-exchange resin procedure was revealed to be more suitable than the silica-based one. Using DNA extracted from ACC by the ion-exchange resin procedure, PCR methods for species-specific detection of donkey, horse, cattle, and pig substances were established. When these species-specific PCR methods were applied to ACC, amplicons were obtained only by the donkey-specific PCR. Cattle-specific PCR detected as little as 0.1 % admixture of cattle glue in the ACC. These results suggest that the species-specific PCR methods established in this study would be useful for simple and easy detection of adulteration of ACC.
Counseling of Female Veterans About Risks of Medication-Induced Birth Defects
Authors: Schwarz Eleanor Bimla , Mattocks Kristin , Brandt Cynthia , Borrero Sonya , Zephyrin Laurie C. , Bathulapalli Harini , Haskell Sally 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDMedications that may increase risk of birth defects if used during pregnancy or immediately preconception are dispensed to approximately half of female Veterans who fill prescriptions at a VA pharmacy.OBJECTIVETo assess receipt of counseling about risk of medication-induced birth defects among female Veterans of reproductive age and to examine Veterans’ confidence that their healthcare provider would counsel them about teratogenic risks.DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTSCross-sectional analysis of data provided by 286 female Veterans of Operation Iraqi Freedom and/or Operation Enduring Freedom who completed a mailed survey between July 2008 and October 2010.MAIN MEASURESWe examined associations between demographic, reproductive, and health service utilization variables and female Veterans' receipt of counseling and confidence that they would receive such counseling.KEY RESULTSThe response rate was 11 %; the large majority (89 %) of responding female Veterans reported use of a prescription medication in the last 12 months. Most (90 %) of the 286 female Veterans who reported medication use were confident that they would be told by their healthcare provider if a medication might cause a birth defect. However, only 24 % of women who received prescription medications reported they had been warned of teratogenic risks. Female Veterans who used medications that are known to be teratogenic were not more likely than women using other medications to report having been warned about risks of medication-induced birth defects, and fewer were confident that their health care providers would provide teratogenic risk counseling when needed.CONCLUSIONSFemale Veterans may not receive appropriate counseling when medications that can cause birth defects are prescribed.
Self-Reported Stressors of National Guard Women Veterans Before and After Deployment: The Relevance of Interpersonal Relationships
Authors: Yan Grace W. , McAndrew Lisa , D’Andrea Elizabeth A. , Lange Gudrun , Santos Susan L. , Engel Charles C. , Quigley Karen S. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND
With their rapidly expanding roles in the military, women service members experience significant stressors throughout their deployment experience. However, there are few studies that examine changes in women Veterans’ stressors before and after deployment.

OBJECTIVE
This study examines the types of stressors women Veterans report before deployment, immediately after deployment, 3 months after deployment, and 1 year post-deployment.

DESIGN
Descriptive data on reported stressors was collected at four time points of a longitudinal study (HEROES Project). Open-ended responses from the Coping Response Inventory (CRI) were coded into six possible major stressor categories for analysis.

PARTICIPANTS
Seventy-nine Army National Guard and Reserve female personnel deploying to Operation Enduring Freedom (OFF)/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) were surveyed prior to deployment. Of these participants, 35 women completed Phase 2, 41 completed Phase 3, and 48 completed Phase 4 of the study.

KEY RESULTS
We identified six major stressor categories: (1) interpersonal (i.e., issues with family and/or friends), (2) deployment-related and military-related, (3) health concerns, (4) death of a loved one, (5) daily needs (i.e., financial/housing/transportation concerns), and (6) employment or school-related concerns. At all time points, interpersonal issues were one of the most common type of stressor for this sample. Daily needs concerns increased from 3 months post-deployment to 1 year post-deployment.

CONCLUSIONS
Interpersonal concerns are commonly reported by women Veterans both before and after their combat experience, suggesting that this is a time during which interpersonal support is especially critical. We discuss implications, which include the need for a more coordinated approach to women Veterans’ health care (e.g., greater community-based outreach), and the need for more and more accessible Veterans Affairs (VA) services to address the needs of female Veterans.
VA Location and Structural Factors Associated with On-Site Availability of Reproductive Health Services
Authors: Katon Jodie , Reiber Gayle , Rose Danielle , Bean-Mayberry Bevanne , Zephyrin Laurie , Washington Donna L. , Yano Elizabeth M. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION
With the increasing number of women Veterans enrolling in the Veterans Health Administration (VA), there is growing demand for reproductive health services. Little is known regarding the on-site availability of reproductive health services at VA and how this varies by site location and type.

OBJECTIVE
To describe the on-site availability of hormonal contraception, intrauterine device (IUD) placement, infertility evaluation or treatment, and prenatal care by site location and type; the characteristics of sites providing these services; and to determine whether, within this context, site location and type is associated with on-site availability of these reproductive health services.

METHODS
We used data from the 2007 Veterans Health Administration Survey of Women Veterans Health Programs and Practices, a national census of VA sites serving 300 or more women Veterans assessing practice structure and provision of care for women. Hierarchical models were used to test whether site location and type (metropolitan hospital-based clinic, non-metropolitan hospital-based clinic, metropolitan community-based outpatient clinic [CBOC]) were associated with availability of IUD placement and infertility evaluation/treatment. Non-metropolitan CBOCs were excluded from this analysis (n = 2).

RESULTS
Of 193 sites, 182 (94 %) offered on-site hormonal contraception, 97 (50 %) offered on-site IUD placement, 57 (30 %) offered on-site infertility evaluation/treatment, and 11 (6 %) offered on-site prenatal care. After adjustment, compared with metropolitan hospital based-clinics, metropolitan CBOCs were less likely to offer on-site IUD placement (OR 0.33; 95 % CI 0.14, 0.74).

CONCLUSION
Compared with metropolitan hospital-based clinics, metropolitan CBOCs offer fewer specialized reproductive health services on-site. Additional research is needed regarding delivery of specialized reproductive health care services for women Veterans in CBOCs and clinics in non-metropolitan areas.
The Relationship between Body Mass Index and Mental Health Among Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans
Authors: Maguen Shira , Madden Erin , Cohen Beth , Bertenthal Daniel , Neylan Thomas , Talbot Lisa , Grunfeld Carl , Seal Karen 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND
Obesity is a growing public health concern and is becoming an epidemic among veterans in the post-deployment period.

OBJECTIVE
To explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a large cohort of Iraq and Afghanistan veterans, and to evaluate trajectories of change in BMI over 3 years.

DESIGN
Retrospective, longitudinal cohort analysis of veterans’ health records

PARTICIPANTS
A total of 496,722 veterans (59,790 female and 436,932 male veterans) whose height and weight were recorded at the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system at least once after the end of their last deployment and whose first post-deployment outpatient encounter at the VA was at least 1 year prior to the end of the study period (December 31, 2011).

MAIN MEASURES
BMI, mental health diagnoses.

KEY RESULTS
Seventy-five percent of Iraq and Afghanistan veterans were either overweight or obese at baseline. Four trajectories were observed: “stable overweight” represented the largest class; followed by “stable obese;” “overweight/obese gaining;” and “obese losing.” During the 3-year ascertainment period, those with PTSD and depression in particular were at the greatest risk of being either obese without weight loss or overweight or obese and continuing to gain weight. Adjustment for demographics and antipsychotic medication attenuated the relationship between BMI and certain mental health diagnoses. Although BMI trajectories were similar in men and women, some gender differences were observed. For example, the risk of being in the persistently obese class in men was highest for those with PTSD, whereas for women, the risk was highest among those with depression.

CONCLUSIONS
The growing number of overweight or obese returning veterans is a concerning problem for clinicians who work with these patients. Successful intervention to reduce the prevalence of obesity will require integrated efforts from primary care and mental health to treat underlying mental health causes and assist with engagement in weight loss programs.
Military risk factors for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Weiner Michael W. , Friedl Karl E. , Pacifico Anthony , Chapman Julie C. , Jaffee Michael S. , Little Deborah M. , Manley Geoffrey T. , McKee Ann , Petersen Ronald C. , Pitman Roger K. , Yaffe Kristine , Zetterberg Henrik , Obana Robert , Bain Lisa J. , Carrillo Maria C. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are signature injuries of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and have been linked to an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias. A meeting hosted by the Alzheimer's Association and the Veterans' Health Research Institute (NCIRE) in May 2012 brought together experts from the U.S. military and academic medical centers around the world to discuss current evidence and hypotheses regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms linking TBI, PTSD, and AD. Studies underway in civilian and military populations were highlighted, along with new research initiatives such as a study to extend the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) to a population of veterans exposed to TBI and PTSD. Greater collaboration and data sharing among diverse research groups is needed to advance an understanding and appropriate interventions in this continuum of military injuries and neurodegenerative disease in the aging veteran.
Update on appropriate use criteria for amyloid PET imaging: Dementia experts, mild cognitive impairment, and education
Authors: Johnson Keith A. , Minoshima Satoshi , Bohnen Nicolaas I. , Donohoe Kevin J. , Foster Norman L. , Herscovitch Peter , Karlawish Jason H. , Rowe Christopher C. , Hedrick Saima , Pappas Virginia , Carrillo Maria C. , Hartley Dean M. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAmyloid PET imaging is a novel diagnostic test that can detect in living humans one of the two defining pathologic lesions of Alzheimer disease, amyloid‐β deposition in the brain. The Amyloid Imaging Task Force of the Alzheimer's Association and Society for Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging previously published appropriate use criteria for amyloid PET as an important tool for increasing the certainty of a diagnosis of Alzheimer disease in specific patient populations. Here, the task force further clarifies and expands 3 topics discussed in the original paper: first, defining dementia experts and their use of proper documentation to demonstrate the medical necessity of an amyloid PET scan; second, identifying a specific subset of individuals with mild cognitive impairment for whom an amyloid PET scan is appropriate; and finally, developing educational programs to increase awareness of the amyloid PET appropriate use criteria and providing instructions on how this test should be used in the clinical decision‐making process.
Platinum group elements in Permo-Triassic volcanics in West Siberia (the first data)
Authors: Medvedev A.Ya. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The first data on PGE contents in the volcanic rocks of the West Siberian Plate are presented. Analysis has shown that most of the studied rocks have clarke contents of these elements. Rocks from the central areas of paleorift valleys are enriched in ΣPGE (2.0–32.0 ppb), particularly in Pt (0.1–24.2 ppb) and Pd (0.3–8.0 ppb), which might be related to the action of plume. The magmatic PGE pattern confirms the earlier conclusions about the mantle genesis of the studied rocks.
Ordovician sediments in the southeastern Siberian Platform: lithostratigraphy and ostracod zoning
Authors: Stepanova N.I. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The results of studying Ordovician ostracods from the southeastern Siberian Platform are presented. Ordovician sections are described in brief from outcrop and core studies. Four of the ostracod zones distinguished in the Ordovician strata of the Siberian Platform have been found in the Volgian, Kirenskian–Kudrinoan, Chertovskayan, and Baksanian Horizons. Stratigraphic correlation takes into account the available data on the distribution of other groups (e.g., conodonts and cephalopods)..