bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping the Course of Recovery Following Limb-Salvage Surgery for Soft-Tissue Sarcoma of the Extremities
Authors: Lazarides Alexander L. , Burke Zachary D.C. , Gundavda Manit K. , Clever David C. , Griffin Anthony M. , Tsoi Kim , Ferguson Peter C. , Wunder Jay S. 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Despite the goal of an acceptable functional result, the surgical treatment of soft-tissue sarcoma can portend a prolonged course of recovery. More comprehensive data on the expected course of recovery following extremity sarcoma surgery are needed to help to inform physicians and patients. The purpose of the present study was to describe the typical course of functional recovery following limb-salvage resection of a soft-tissue sarcoma and to identify factors associated with a delayed postoperative course of recovery.

Methods:
A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained institutional database was performed for all patients undergoing surgical treatment with limb salvage of a soft-tissue sarcoma of the extremities or pelvis with at least 1 year of follow-up after the definitive surgical procedure. All patients were required to have preoperative functional outcomes recorded for either the Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS) or the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score and functional outcome measures at 1 year postoperatively. The primary outcome measures were time to recovery and maximal functional improvement.

Results:
In this study, 916 patients met inclusion criteria following surgical resection of a soft-tissue sarcoma of the extremities. The median follow-up was 74 months. Patients typically achieved a return to their baseline preoperative level of function for all functional outcome measures by 1 to 2 years and achieved maximal functional recovery by 2 years postoperatively. Older age, female sex, deep tumor location, larger tumor size, pelvic location, osseous resection, motor nerve resection, free and/or rotational soft-tissue coverage, and postoperative complications were independently associated with worse TESS and/or MSTS scores (p ≤ 0.05). Tumor recurrence was associated with worse functional outcomes scores. An analysis was performed to determine which patients had a prolonged course of recovery (i.e., were considered to still be recovering). Older age, female sex, larger tumor size, osseous resection, and motor nerve resection were associated with a delayed course of recovery (p ≤ 0.04). Complications and tumor recurrence were associated with delayed functional recovery across all domains.

Conclusions:
Most patients will achieve maximal recovery by 2 to 3 years following surgical resection for soft-tissue sarcoma of the extremities. Older age, female sex, larger tumor size, osseous resection, motor nerve resection, postoperative complications, and tumor recurrence portend poorer functional outcomes and a delayed course of recovery.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Successful Reimplantation of Extruded Ulnar Diaphyseal Segment
Authors: Olson Adrian , Cox Zachary , Khan Usher , Best Benjamin 
Published: August 2024

Case:
A 32-year-old man presented with a type II open both-bone forearm fracture and segmental bone loss because of complete extrusion of a diaphyseal fragment (3 cm) of ulna. The patient presented to our level 1 trauma center after a motor vehicle collision. The extruded segment underwent sterilization and immediate reimplantation with internal fixation approximately 6 hours after arrival. Our patient achieved union by 7-month follow-up, demonstrated excellent functional outcomes, and was free from infection at 1-year follow-up.

Conclusion:
In select cases, successful reimplantation can be achieved by meticulous debridement, sterilization, and immediate reimplantation with internal fixation.
Analisis Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Pada Materi Operasi Hitung Campuran Sebagai Implementasi Dalam Kehidupan Sehari-Hari Siswa Kelas VI Sekolah Dasar Di Desa Larikrejo
Authors: Riswari Lovika Ardana , Sari Aulia Candra , Suryanto Halim 
Published: August 2024

Mathematics and mathematical reasoning cannot be separated, mathematical reasoning is an ability that students must have in the process of solving mathematical problems both in learning and in everyday life. The purpose of this study was to find out and analyze students' mathematical reasoning abilities using mixed arithmetic operations in everyday life. The method used in this study is based on descriptive qualitative, by giving questions to students of grade VI which are then answered by students. From the questions that have been done by 5 grade VI students, the results obtained with the creteria (very good) are obtained by 1 student, (good) are obtained by 2 students, (sufficient) are obtained by 1 student, and (less) are by 1 student. The results of the study showed that the mathematical reasoning abilities in class VI in Larikrejo Village developed quite well.
Inhibition of NAT10 Enhances the Antitumor Immunity by Increasing Type I Interferon Responses
Authors: Ma Daoxin , Liu Wancheng , Wei Yihong , Chen Jinfeng , Jia Hexiao , Yang Xinyu , Huang Yingjian , Xing Xiangling , Liu Xiaomin , Guo Xiaodong , Can Can , Zhang Amin , Xiao Ke , He Na , Zhang Hailei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Posttranslational modifications add tremendous complexity to cancer progression; however, gaps remain in knowledge regarding the function and immune regulatory mechanism of newly discovered mRNA acetylation modification. Here, we discovered an unexpected role of N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) RNA acetyltransferase-NAT10 on reshaping tumor immune microenvironment. Based on analyses of patient datasets, we found that NAT10 was upregulated in tumor tissues, and negatively correlated with overall survival and immune cells infiltration. Inhibition of NAT10 significantly suppressed tumor growth in vivo and in vitro. NAT10 deficiency in cancer cells significantly upregulated immune cells infiltration and stimulated tumor-specific cellular immune responses, leading to the establishment of robust anti-tumor immunity. Mechanistically, we identified MYC as a key downstream target of NAT10, and then induced CDK2-DNMT1 expression. Meanwhile, inhibition of NAT10 down-regulated MYC-CDK2-DNMT1 expression, which enhanced double-stranded RNAs (dsRNA) formation to induce type I IFN (IFN-I) and trigger immune responses of CD8+ T cells. In terms of clinical significance, we demonstrated that inhibition of NAT10 using Remodelin or PEI/PC7A/siRNA nanoparticles combined with anti-PD1 treatment synergistically improved tumor immune microenvironment and repressed tumor progression in vivo. Therefore, inhibition of NAT10 in cancer cells improve tumor immunogenicity, resulting in tumor suppression by enhancing anti-tumor immune responses. Our study uncovers a crucial role of NAT10 in re-modulating tumor immunogenicity and demonstrates a novel concept for targeting NAT10 in cancer immunotherapy.
Energy efficiency and greenhouse gas production in ewe lambs fed hay from native Pantanal grasses
Authors: Santos Jaine Sousa , Santos Sandra Aparecida , Pompeu Roberto Cláudio Fernandes Franco , Facó Olivardo , Ferreira Alexandre Lima , Oliveira Delano Sousa , Alves Arnaud Azevedo , Araújo Alexandre Ribeiro , Rogério Marcos Cláudio Pinheiro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The study aimed to evaluate greenhouse gases (GHG) emission and the efficiency of dietary energy use in Santa Inês ewe lambs fed four exotic and native Pantanal grasses (Tifton 85 grass hay; Urochloa humidicola hay; Mesosetum chaseae hay; and mixed hay composed of two C3 grasses: Hymenachne amplexicaulis and Luziola subintegra). Sixteen animals were used in a completely randomized design, with four replications per treatment. Nutrient intake and digestibility, gas production and dietary energy use efficiency were assessed. It was found no effect of the forages on heat production, urinary gross energy (GE) and emitted methane GE. GE intake was higher for ewe lambs that consumed hay from C3 grasses and Tifton 85. Digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) intakes were similar between ewe lambs fed C3 and Tifton 85 grass hay, and higher than those fed C3 grass hay and Urochloa humidicola and Mesosetum chaseae hay. The effect of forage was only observed for CH4 emissions. Forage species from Pantanal have the potential to mitigate GHG emissions in pasture-based sheep production systems, especially those of the C3 type, due to their nutritional quality. Considering that Mesosetum chaseae grows in poor soils, it is important to note that they have low methane emissions. Pasture management techniques are recommended, such as: conserving the most consumed native species with the best nutritional value; and combining native and exotic species. Feeding the ewe lambs exclusively with Pantanal forage does not meet the energy requirements for maintenance and growth.
Predictive Power, Variance and Generalizability – A Machine Learning Case Study on Minimal Necessary Data Sets Sizes in Digital Mental Health Intervention Predictions
Authors: Zantvoort Kirsten , Nacke Barbara , Görlich Dennis , Hornstein Silvan , Jacobi Corinna , Funk Burkhardt 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Artificial intelligence promises to revolutionize mental health care, but small dataset sizes and lack of robust methods raise concerns about result generalizability. As insights into minimal necessary data set sizes are scarce, this study explores domain-specific learning curves for intervention dropout predictions. Prediction performance is analyzed based on dataset size (N=100-3,654), feature groups (F=2-129), and algorithm choice (from Naive Bayes to Neural Networks). The results substantiate the concern that small datasets (N≤300) overestimate predictive power. For uninformative feature groups, prediction performance was negatively correlated with dataset size. Sophisticated models overfitted in small datasets but were crucial for maximizing test results in larger datasets. While N=500 mitigated overfitting, performance did not converge until N=750-1500. Consequently, we propose a minimum dataset size of N=500-1,000, depending on feature complexity and information value. As such, this study offers an empirical reference for researchers designing or interpreting AI studies on Digital Mental Health Intervention data.
Physics-informed Neural-operator Predictive Control for Drag Reduction in Turbulent Flows
Authors: Anandkumar Anima , ZHAO ZELIN , Li Zongyi , Hassibi Kimia , Azizzadenesheli Kamyar , Yan Junchi , Bae H. Jane 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Turbulence control for wall friction reduction poses a significant challenge due to computational costs associated with modeling turbulent dynamics. In this work, we present a learning and control scheme termed physics-informed neural-operator-based predictive control (PINO-PC). Our method uses a Neural Operator framework that enables accurate learning and control of turbulent flows. It carries out predictive control where both the policy and the observer model for turbulence control are learned jointly. We show that PINO-PC outperforms prior model-free reinforcement learning methods with a stable policy learning procedure. We experiment with various challenging generalized scenarios where flows are of unseen high Reynolds numbers, and we find that our method achieves a drag reduction of 39.0% under a bulk-velocity Reynolds number of 15k, outperforming previous fluid control methods by more than 32%.
Existence of solutions to a fractional differential equation involving the Caputo Q-derivative with boundary conditions in Banach spaces
Authors: Bouzid Houari , Abdelkader Benali , Tabharit Louiza , Samei Mohammad Esmael 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The generalization of boundary value problems always covers a wide range of equations. Our choice in this research is the generalization of Caputo-type fractional discrete differential equations that include two or more fractional q-integrals. We analyze the existence and uniqueness of solutions to the multi-point nonlinear BVP base on some fixed point theorems, including fixed point theorem of Banach, Leray-nonlinear Schauder’s alternative, and Leray-degree Schauder’s theory. Finally, several examples are presented to demonstrate accuracy of our results.
(2010) Mathematics Subject Classifications: 26A33, 34A08, 34B15.
Assessing Decision-Making Skills with the Script Concordance Test (SCT) in Clinical Neurology and Emergency Medicine
Authors: Gudorf Helena-Fee , Heidrich Maximilian , Rauchstädt Kristoph , Scherbaum Raphael , Tönges Lars , Biesalski Anne-Sophie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Clinical reasoning is an essential medical competence that should be taught and assessed from the beginning of medical studies. One method to evaluate these skills is the Script Concordance Test (SCT), which presents daily clinical scenarios filled with uncertainty. Due to the lack of validated research on this method in Germany, particularly in the field of neurology, our study aimed to develop and implement an SCT at Ruhr University Bochum, and to compare different teaching methods (clinical seminar vs. digital video course) and their outcomes in the examination format.
Methods
A group of 6th-year medical students, who received the same education, completed an SCT after participating in either a clinical seminar or a digital video course. The SCT was developed using blueprints on stroke and epilepsy. The test consisted of 40 case vignettes, comprising 120 items. Initially, experts completed the test to establish the reference panel. The final high-stakes examination was created using the aggregate scoring method and an item analysis.
Results
The developed SCT was completed by 15 experts and 59 students. The final SCT consisted of 112 items and achieved a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.85. A significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed between the experts, who had a mean score of 81.75, and the students on the first assessment day, who had a mean score of 68.92. No significant differences were found between the different groups (interactive video course and seminar) or across different time points. The questionnaire revealed a sense of insecurity in clinical decision-making before the SCT and highlighted the need to incorporate clinical reasoning practices from the beginning of medical studies to mitigate fear in uncertain situations. The SCT helped structure decision-making processes and increased confidence in personal decisions.
Conclusion
The SCT proves to be a reliable and valid tool for assessing medical students throughout their university education. Regular exposure to the SCT format would facilitate familiarity with its structure. We propose utilizing the SCT as a learning tool rather than solely for assessment purposes. For instance, it could be integrated into teaching methodologies as a think-aloud exercise or incorporated into progress tests.
Astrocytic Nrf2 modulates microglial phagocytosis in environmental pollution-induced depressive-like mice
Authors: Huang Nannan , Shi Weiqing , Li Bin , Dong Cuishuang , Wang Yaohan , Bi Yujie , Chen Hanqing , Li Xiaobo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Long-term air pollution has been associated with depression in population; however, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we show that in the context of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure, mice display depressive-like behaviors, accompanied with neurotoxic activation (A1 polarization) and disturbed redox balance of astrocytes. Enhanced Nrf2 expression protected astrocytes from A1 polarization. Evidenced by bilateral and unilateral astrocytic Nrf2 knockdown (KD) murine models, it was found that loss of Nrf2 in astrocytes decreased the expression of cytokines mediating astrocyte-to-microglia communication, and thereby disrupted phagocytotic ability of microglia, which eventually aggravates the depression-like behaviors in mice. Moreover, supplement of a phytochemical, procyanidin (PC), mimics the function of Nrf2 agonist, is beneficial to ameliorate the depressive-like behaviors in PM2.5-exposed mice. These results suggest that Nrf2 plays an essential role to maintain the astrocyte-to-microglia communication and redox balance in hippocampus, and effectively protects mice against depressive-like behaviors during PM2.5 exposure.
Enhancing Anesthetic Techniques for Improving Rat Whisker Stimulation Responses in the Barrel Cortex
Authors: Yuan Ye , Li Sinan , Zhao Jie , Liu Tian , Wang Jue 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This paper presents an efficient anesthetic methodology designed to enhance the quality of brain barrel cortex signals obtained during rat whisker stimulation experiments. The proposed approach effectively eliminates muscle noise interference, thereby enabling the acquisition of clear and robust brain barrel cortex signals. Initially, alpha-chloralose (ac) combined with Isoflurane is used to induce anesthesia in rats. Subsequently, Dexdomitor is administered to suppress muscular movements, further refining the signal quality. Experimental outcomes demonstrate that our anesthetic method yields significantly stronger and cleaner brain barrel cortex signals, exhibiting enhanced robustness compared to existing methods that rely solely on Isoflurane or the Ketamine-Xylazine combination. Specifically, brain barrel cortex signals obtained under alpha-chloralose anesthesia are double those obtained with Isoflurane and quadruple those with Ketamine-Xylazine. The peak amplitude latency is shorter under alpha-chloralose anesthesia than under Isoflurane and Ketamine-Xylazine anesthesia. Notably, these improvements are achieved with minimal alterations to vital physiological parameters, including body temperature, respiration, and heart rates. Finally, alpha-chloralose effectively maintains anesthesia for up to 7 hours, surpassing the shorter durations achievable with continuous Isoflurane administration or the 30-minute window offered by Ketamine-Xylazine. This highlights the practical advantages of our proposed method.
Comparison of the effectiveness of cisplatin and carboplatin with etoposide in first-line treatment of small cell lung cancer: Single-center experience
Authors: Hasdemir Efe , Sivridemir Şerife , Farzaliyeva Aydan , Ramazanoğlu Mehmet Nezir , Rahatli Samed , Oğuz Arzu , Akçalı Zafer , Altundağ Özden 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive type of lung cancer. Platinum-based regimens are the primary treatment.The aim of our study is to compare the effectiveness of cisplatin and carboplatin with etoposide as first-line treatment option in SCLC and demonstrate if present carboplatin is not non-inferiorty over to cisplatin.
Methods
In this single-center, retrospective study 135 patients diagnosed with SCLC were evaluated and compared according to progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Patients analysed according to receiving cisplatin plus etoposide (EP) and those receiving carboplatin plus etoposide(EC) in the first line retrospectively.
Results
53(%39,2) patients received EP, 82 (%60,7) patients received EC. The median age was 60 years in the EP arm and 67.5 years in the EC arm. There was no significant difference between PFS ​​in limited stage(LS) patients and those receiving cisplatin and carboplatin (16 vs 10 mos p = 0,133). However, a significant OS difference in favor of cisplatin was detected in this patient group (31,2 vs 20,2 mos p = 0,021). In extensive stage(ES) patients, carboplatin was statistically more effective than cisplatin regarding PFS (8 vs 7 mos p = 0,025). However, no significant difference was detected in OS in the EP and EC groups (10,8 vs 11,30 mos p = 0,545).
Conclusion
Cisplatin appears to be more effective in LS patients, its effect profile is similar to carboplatin in ES patients. Due to its tolerability, carboplatin treatment may be preferred in the ES patients.
Reconstructed Electronic Structure in 2D vdW 1T-TaS2 for Quantum Sensing and Information Science
Authors: Ramamurthy Praveen C , Behera Sushant Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are a class of two-dimensional (2D) layered
materials that exhibit a diverse range of electronic structures, including charge
density waves (CDWs) that can lead to insulating, semiconducting, metallic, and even
superconducting phases. While the formation of CDWs in these systems has been recognized
in early research [Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 156401 (2022); Nat. Phys. 11, 328
(2015)], the underlying mechanisms driving the commensurate CDW(CCDW) phase remain
largely unexplored. CCDWs typically originate from factors such as perfect Fermi
surface nesting and/or electron-phonon coupling, causing the divergence of the chiral
electronic structure. However, in the case of layered 2D TMD materials with CCDW
phases, the significance of reconstructed electronic structures resulting from periodic
lattice distortions (PLD) and photoemission matrix element effects in the CCDW instability
needs to be visualized. This study focuses on computationally accessible CCDW
phases in 1T-TaS2, a prototypical TMD with a rich CDW phase diagram, aiming to understand
the origins of CCDW phases. The insights gained from this investigation have the potential to advance the application of 2D materials in next-generation electronics,
quantum sensing and information science.
On the relationship between fetal growth parameters and heart rate variability
Authors: Lakhno Igor 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a challenging pathology causing short and long-term complications. Autonomic malfunction and delayed neurological maturation were found in growth-retarded fetuses. Fetal heart rate variability (HRV) is critically dependent on autonomic regulation.
The study was focused on the detection of the relationship between neonatal biometry parameters and HRV variables.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed among 40 pregnant women at 22-36 weeks of gestation. FGR was detected in 9 women. The fetal growth was appropriate in 31 patients. The fetal were obtained from an RR-interval time series registered from the maternal abdominal wall via fetal non-invasive electrocardiography (NI-ECG). The stress index (SI) was selected for evaluation among all linear HRV variables. The following conventional cardiotocographic parameters were determined: short-term variation (STV) and long-term variation (LTV). The variables of AC (acceleration capacity) and DC (deceleration capacity) were also detected.
Results: The study's findings showed that the detected variables in the FGR were different. However, the small number of cases did not allow statistical significance to proceed. A strong linear correlation was detected between all checked variables of HRV: AC, DC, SI, STV, and LTV. AC and DC demonstrated a significant correlation between them and Apgar score. The results of the multivariate regression model with SI showed a statistically significant relationship with a term of birth and a tendency to have a statistically significant relationship with body weight and head circumference. This suggests that this temporal HRV index may be associated with the anthropometric parameters of newborns. The receiver operating characteristic analysis could be the next stage for the investigation of efficient diagnostic algorithms based on fetal NI-ECG.
Conclusions: SI could have utility as a screening program based on fetal NI-ECG in case of a lack of access to high-quality ultrasound or be a valuable addition to existing perinatal strategies.