bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Heir (II)
Authors: Elwes Cary 
Published: August 2024

For hundreds of years, it would seem, God left the revelation as it was at the time of the great Patriarchs. Even in the time of Moses there is no explicit reference to the Messias until we come to the most mysterious ‘ of all the scenes connected with prophecy: the oracles of Balaam (Numbers 24, 14-19). Bala King of Moat), asked his local prophet to curse the Israelites who were threatening his borders. Instead of cursing, Balaam blessed them. The fourth blessing runs as follows:‘I see it (the people of the Israelites), but not as present. I contemplate it, but not as immediate. A star proceeds from Jacob, ft sceptre rises out of Israel. It shatters the temples of Moab. It exterminates all the sons of tumult. Edom is its possession; Seir, its enemy, is its possession. Israel does exploits’ (Num. 25, 17-8). This could be referred to David or to any conquering king of Israel. That was done; but generally, by Jews as well as Christians later, it was seen to refer truly and completely only to a spiritual Messias.
Notes on Christian Contemplation and Perfection
Authors: Brocklehurst Mark 
Published: August 2024

A convenient text for these notes is provided by ‘A Challenge from the Cloister', printed in the May issue of the Life of the Spirit. It begins: ‘A Carmelite life in the world does not seem to be really possible'. There is much confusion of mind implicit in this statement, but its elucidation does not call for any profound analysis of the nature of man or the nature of grace. The whole matter is stated quite simply and explicitly by St Thomas, in the Summa, not as a personal and novel view. What is found there is the traditional teaching of the Church.'Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with thy whole heart.’ The perfection of the Christian life is the perfection of charity. And this perfection is the highest possible; no one can do better than have perfect charity. Furthermore, perfect charity is the vocation of all, without exception.
God Is Like A Mother
Authors: Dehau Pierre-Thomas 
Published: August 2024

Here is a man, forty years old, with a mother whom he respects and venerates. In spite of his own absorbing occupations, he visits her every day for exactly half an hour. He talks as a son should about this and that, always going away at the same hour and returning the next day at the stroke of the clock. More cannot be demanded of him, and from a mother's point of view one could wish that all men did at least as much.That is a picture of the beginning of the life of prayer—each day the Christian making his or her meditation, and following a method point by point—this is necessary at the beginning. It is already something, but that something is only a beginning, although there are those who think they are doing wonders with their fine thoughts and meditations.Let us suppose then that the person remains faithful, and that God increases his grace. Oh, how young the soul becomes! It is no longer like a man of forty giving just half-an-hour each day to his mother.
Lithium-ion battery recycling—a review of the material supply and policy infrastructure
Authors: Tembo P. M. , Dyer C. , Subramanian V. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The current change in battery technology followed by the almost immediate adoption of lithium as a key resource powering our energy needs in various applications is undeniable. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are at the forefront of the industry and offer excellent performance. The application of LIBs is expected to continue to increase. The adoption of renewable energies has spurred this LIB proliferation and resulted in a dramatic increase in LIB waste. In this review, we address waste LIB collection and segregation approaches, waste LIB treatment approaches, and related economics. We have coined a “green score” concept based on a review of several quantitative analyses from the literature to compare the three mainstream recycling processes: pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, and direct recycling. In addition, we analyze the current trends in policymaking and in government incentive development directed toward promoting LIB waste recycling. Future LIB recycling perspectives are analyzed, and opportunities and threats to LIB recycling are presented.
Tailoring the grain boundary structure and chemistry of the dendrite-free garnet solid electrolyte Li6.1Ga0.3La3Zr2O12
Authors: Lee Rae-Hyun , Kang Chea-Yun , Lee Jong-Kyu , Jin Bong-Soo , Kim Kyong-Nam , Kim Hyun-Soo , Yoon Jung-Rag , Lee Seung-Hwan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Garnet-type Li6.1Ga0.3La3Zr2O12 (LGLZO) exhibits high ionic conductivity and extremely low electronic conductivity. The electrochemical properties strongly depend on the characteristics of the grain boundaries and pores in the oxide–ceramic electrolyte. Currently, the main issue of LGLZO is its large grain boundary resistance due to high-temperature sintering. Herein, we propose an effective method for reinforcing the chemical and structural characteristics of the grain boundaries using a Li2O-B2O3-Al2O3 (LBA) sintering aid. In this study, the LBA sintering aid is critical because it fills grain boundaries and void spaces. As a result, LGLZO solid-state electrolytes with sintering aids significantly enhance the ionic conductivity and reduce the activation energy, especially in the grain boundary region. Another crucial issue is the formation of Li dendrites in LGLZO. Since dendritic Li propagates along the grain boundaries, the optimized LGLZO solid-state electrolyte demonstrates excellent stability against Li metals. Overall, the LGLZO electrolyte with the LBA sintering aid exhibits stable long-term cycling performance due to the well-designed grain boundaries.
Molecular recognition of an odorant by the murine trace amine-associated receptor TAAR7f
Authors: Gusach Anastasiia , Lee Yang , Khoshgrudi Armin Nikpour , Mukhaleva Elizaveta , Ma Ning , Koers Eline J. , Chen Qingchao , Edwards Patricia C. , Huang Fanglu , Kim Jonathan , Mancia Filippo , Veprintsev Dmitry B. , Vaidehi Nagarajan , Weyand Simone N. , Tate Christopher G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThere are two main families of G protein-coupled receptors that detect odours in humans, the odorant receptors (ORs) and the trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs). Their amino acid sequences are distinct, with the TAARs being most similar to the aminergic receptors such as those activated by adrenaline, serotonin, dopamine and histamine. To elucidate the structural determinants of ligand recognition by TAARs, we have determined the cryo-EM structure of a murine receptor, mTAAR7f, coupled to the heterotrimeric G protein Gs and bound to the odorant N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA) to an overall resolution of 2.9 Å. DMCHA is bound in a hydrophobic orthosteric binding site primarily through van der Waals interactions and a strong charge-charge interaction between the tertiary amine of the ligand and an aspartic acid residue. This site is distinct and non-overlapping with the binding site for the odorant propionate in the odorant receptor OR51E2. The structure, in combination with mutagenesis data and molecular dynamics simulations suggests that the activation of the receptor follows a similar pathway to that of the β-adrenoceptors, with the significant difference that DMCHA interacts directly with one of the main activation microswitch residues, Trp6.48.
A Dynamically Consistent ENsemble of Temperature at the Earth surface since 1850 from the DCENT dataset
Authors: Chan Duo , Gebbie Geoffrey , Huybers Peter , Kent Elizabeth C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAccurate historical records of Earth’s surface temperatures are central to climate research and policy development. Widely-used estimates based on instrumental measurements from land and sea are, however, not fully consistent at either global or regional scales. To address these challenges, we develop the Dynamically Consistent ENsemble of Temperature (DCENT), a 200-member ensemble of monthly surface temperature anomalies relative to the 1982–2014 climatology. Each DCENT member starts from 1850 and has a 5° × 5° resolution. DCENT leverages several updated or recently-developed approaches of data homogenization and bias adjustments: an optimized pairwise homogenization algorithm for identifying breakpoints in land surface air temperature records, a physics-informed inter-comparison method to adjust systematic offsets in sea-surface temperatures recorded by ships, and a coupled energy balance model to homogenize continental and marine records. Each approach was published individually, and this paper describes a combined approach and its application in developing a gridded analysis. A notable difference of DCENT relative to existing temperature estimates is a cooler baseline for 1850–1900 that implies greater historical warming.
Information based explanation methods for deep learning agents—with applications on large open-source chess models
Authors: Hammersborg Patrik , Strümke Inga 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWith large chess-playing neural network models like AlphaZero contesting the state of the art within the world of computerised chess, two challenges present themselves: the question of how to explain the domain knowledge internalised by such models, and the problem that such models are not made openly available. This work presents the re-implementation of the concept detection methodology applied to AlphaZero, by using large, open-source chess models with comparable performance. We obtain results similar to those achieved when applying this methodology to AlphaZero, while relying solely on open-source resources. We also present a novel explainable AI (XAI) method, which is guaranteed to highlight exhaustively and exclusively the information used by the explained model. This method generates visual explanations tailored to domains characterised by discrete input spaces, as is the case for chess. Our presented method has the desirable property of controlling the information flow between any input vector and the given model, which in turn provides strict guarantees regarding what information is used by the trained model during inference. We demonstrate the viability of our method by applying it to standard $$8 \times 8$$

8
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chess, using large open-source chess models.
Antimigraine activity of Asarinin by OPRM1 pathway with multifaceted impacts through network analysis
Authors: Rushendran Rapuru , Chitra Vellapandian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMigraine is a debilitating neurological disorder impacting millions worldwide. Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) has emerged as a key player in migraine pathophysiology, leading to the development of targeted therapies. This study reviews novel CGRP-targeted treatments, including monoclonal antibodies small molecule inhibitors/nutraceuticals and introduces Asarinin as a potential modulator of the pathway. Asarinin, a natural compound found in various plants, is examined for its pharmacological potential in migraine management. Pharmacokinetic assessments, toxicological modelling, molecular property analysis, and network pharmacology were conducted. Molecular docking and dynamics studies with CGRP reveal potential interactions, providing a foundation for understanding Asarinin's therapeutic effects. Asarinin's favourable pharmacokinetics, safety profile, and bioactivity, supporting its candidacy as a therapeutic agent. In-depth molecular docking studies with the CGRP receptor (PDB: 6ZHO) demonstrate strong binding affinity (− 10.3kcal/mol), while molecular dynamics simulations unveil the dynamic behavior of the Asarinin-CGRP complex, (− 10.53 kcal/mol) for Atogepant-CGRP complex. Network analysis highlights key proteins in migraine pathology, indicating Asarinin's potential efficacy. The groundwork for future investigations, suggests Asarinin as a promising candidate for migraine management by targeting OPRM1 pathway. The integration of diverse assessments provides a comprehensive understanding of Asarinin's potential and paves the way for further preclinical and clinical research.
Electronic excitations and spin interactions in chromium trihalides from embedded many-body wavefunctions
Authors: Yadav Ravi , Xu Lei , Pizzochero Michele , van den Brink Jeroen , Katsnelson Mikhail I. , Yazyev Oleg V. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAlthough chromium trihalides are widely regarded as a promising class of two-dimensional magnets for next-generation devices, an accurate description of their electronic structure and magnetic interactions has proven challenging to achieve. Here, we quantify electronic excitations and spin interactions in CrX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) using embedded many-body wavefunction calculations and fully generalized spin Hamiltonians. We find that the three trihalides feature comparable d-shell excitations, consisting of a high-spin 4A2$$({t}_{2g}^{3}{e}_{g}^{0})$$

(

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g

3

e

g

0

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ground state lying 1.5–1.7 eV below the first excited state 4T2 ($${t}_{2g}^{2}{e}_{g}^{1}$$

t

2
g

2

e

g

1

). CrCl3 exhibits a single-ion anisotropy Asia = − 0.02 meV, while the Cr spin-3/2 moments are ferromagnetically coupled through bilinear and biquadratic exchange interactions of J1 = − 0.97 meV and J2 = − 0.05 meV, respectively. The corresponding values for CrBr3 and CrI3 increase to Asia = −0.08 meV and Asia= − 0.12 meV for the single-ion anisotropy, J1 = −1.21 meV, J2 = −0.05 meV and J1 = −1.38 meV, J2 = −0.06 meV for the exchange couplings, respectively. We find that the overall magnetic anisotropy is defined by the interplay between Asia and Adip due to magnetic dipole–dipole interaction that favors in-plane orientation of magnetic moments in ferromagnetic monolayers and bulk layered magnets. The competition between the two contributions sets CrCl3 and CrI3 as the easy-plane (Asia + Adip >0) and easy-axis (Asia + Adip <0) ferromagnets, respectively. The differences between the magnets trace back to the atomic radii of the halogen ligands and the magnitude of spin–orbit coupling. Our findings are in excellent agreement with recent experiments, thus providing reference values for the fundamental interactions in chromium trihalides.
Using proteomics to identify the mechanisms underlying the benefits of statins on ischemic heart disease
Authors: Zhao Jie V. , Zhang Junmeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIschemic heart disease (IHD) is the single leading cause of mortality globally. Statins are the mainstay for IHD treatment. However, the specific mechanisms underlying statins’ benefits on IHD have not been clarified. To examine the mechanisms through proteins, we used two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. First, we examined the associations of genetically mimicked statins with 2923 proteins using genome-wide association of proteins from the UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project (UKB-PPP) to identify the proteins affected by statins, and replicated the findings using deCODE. Then we examined the associations of selected proteins with IHD risk using CARDIoGRAMplusC4D using MR, and replicated using FinnGen, and using another set of genetic instruments from deCODE. We selected proteins decreased or increased IHD risk and meanwhile increased or lowered by statins. We further examined the role of the selected protein(s) on common IHD comorbidities, including diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and kidney function (measured by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)). Nine proteins were affected by statins, including four proteins (PLA2G7, FGFBP1, ANGPTL1, and PTPRZ1) lowered by statins, and five proteins (EFNA4, COL6A3, ASGR1, PRSS8 and PCOLCE) increased by statins. Among these, PLA2G7 was related to higher risk of IHD after controlling for multiple testing. The associations were robust to different analytic methods and replication using another set of genetic instrument from deCODE, and using another GWAS of IHD from FinnGen. Genetically predicted PLA2G7 had null association with diabetes, CKD, and eGFR. We identified 9 proteins affected by statins, including 7 novel proteins which were not reported previously. PLA2G7 is on the pathway underlying statins’ benefits on IHD. The clarification of statins’ mechanisms had close relevance to precision medicine, and provided insights to the development of new treatment strategies.
Utilizing (Al, Ga)2O3/Ga2O3 superlattices to measure cation vacancy diffusion and vacancy-concentration-dependent diffusion of Al, Sn, and Fe in β-Ga2O3
Authors: Rock Nathan D. , Yang Haobo , Eisner Brian , Levin Aviva , Bhattacharyya Arkka , Krishnamoorthy Sriram , Ranga Praneeth , Walker Michael A. , Wang Larry , Cheng Ming Kit , Zhao Wei , Scarpulla Michael A. 
Published: August 2024

Diffusion of native defects such as vacancies and their interactions with impurities are fundamental to semiconductor crystal growth, device processing, and design. However, the transient equilibration of native defects is difficult to directly measure. We used (AlxGa1−x)2O3/Ga2O3 superlattices (SLs) to detect and analyze transient diffusion of cation vacancies during annealing in O2 at 1000–1100 °C. Using a novel finite difference scheme for diffusion with time- and space-varying diffusion constants, we determined diffusion constants for Al, Fe, and cation vacancies, including the vacancy concentration dependence for Al. In the case of SLs grown on Sn-doped β-Ga2O3 (010) substrates, gradients observed in the extent of Al diffusion indicate a supersaturation of vacancies in the substrates that transiently diffuse through the SLs coupled strongly to Sn and thus slowed compared to undoped cases. In the case of SLs grown on (010) Fe-doped substrates, the Al diffusion is uniform through the SLs, indicating a depth-uniform concentration of vacancies. We find no evidence for the introduction of VGa from the free surface at rates sufficient to affect Al diffusion at at. % concentrations, establishing an upper bound on surface injection. In addition, we show that unintentional impurities in Sn-doped Ga2O3 such as Fe, Ni, Mn, Cu, and Li also diffuse toward the surface and accumulate. Many of these likely have fast interstitial diffusion modes capable of destabilizing devices, thus suggesting that impurities may require further reduction. This work provides a method to measure transients in diffusion-mediating native defects otherwise hidden in common processes such as ion implantation, etching, and film growth.
Grazing management of Panicum maximum cvv. Mombaça and Tanzania pastures for beef cattle: a meta-analytic study
Authors: Mota Lucas Mateus de Souza , Cezar Bruno Henrique Martines , Teixeira Odilene de Souza , Pazdiora Raul Dirceu , Fernandes Alice Munz , Matos Gleimiria Batista da Costa , Salman Ana Karina Dias , Machado Diego Soares , Pacheco Rangel Fernandes , Angelo Isabelle Damé Veber 
Published: August 2024

Context The future of livestock farming is based on grazing management practices that balance using natural resources and forage technical efficiency for cattle. Aims This study aimed to investigate the bromatological characteristics and cattle performance under continuous and intermittent stocking systems in Panicum maximum cvv. Mombaça and Tanzania pastures, as well as identify the appropriate height for managing these forages. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis were used from selecting studies available in scientific article format in electronic databases: Google Scholar, ISI Web of Science, and PubMed. We identified 4691 documents, of which 13 were submitted to meta-analysis. Key results Tanzania pasture presented 564.25 ± 38.56 g kg−1 of leaf biomass dry matter (DM) and 3.09 ± 0.34 of leaf stem−1 ratio in intermittent stocking system, which was higher than continuous system, with values of 313.10 ± 38.56 g kg−1 DM (P = 0.0380) and 1.04 ± 0.34 (P = 0.0216), respectively. Animals’ average daily gain was greater in continuous stocking system than intermittent system, with values of 0.91 kg day−1 and 0.67 kg day−1, respectively. Additionally, post-grazing height ≥31 cm for Tanzania increased average daily gain by 28.3% (P = 0.0263), and height ≥39 cm for Mombaça increased average daily gain by 38.1% (P = 0.0002). Conclusions Post-grazing residues from the intermittent method or constant pasture height from the continuous method are the main indicators for adapting pasture management. Therefore, grazing management at heights between ≥31 and 39 cm for Tanzania and Mombaça is promising for animal performance. Implications Results provide subsidies for decision making regarding grazing management to maximise animal productivity.
Exploring psychotherapy incorporating equine with sexually exploited children
Authors: Hershberger Jenna M. , Berg Erika L. , Tangen Jodi L. , Feldmann Laura , Barnhart Les 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The International Labor Organization estimates roughly 1.7 million children are trafficked for sex globally at any given time, yet there is a dearth of research on therapeutic interventions. In this qualitative study, we utilized psychotherapy incorporating equine to explore the experiences of commercially sexually exploited youth. We analyzed the participants’ experiences using interpretative phenomenological analysis and identified the following themes: shifting relationships with self and others, equine therapeutic factors, and learning new skills. We provide implications for future research and practice.
Advances in optical recording techniques for non-invasive monitoring of electrophysiological signals
Authors: Li Jiaxin , Ding He , Wang Yongtian , Yang Jian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The study of electrophysiological signals is crucial for understanding neural functions and physiological processes. Electrophysiological recordings offer direct insights into electrical activity across cellular membranes, aiding in diagnosing and treating neurological disorders. Different from the conventional recording method based on electrical signals and the genetically encoded with fluorescent proteins methods, this review explores label-free mechanisms for optically recording electrophysiological signals: electrochromic materials, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) responses, quantum dots (QDs), and semiconductor-based optoelectronic sensors. The sophistication and limitations of each technology have been discussed, providing insights into potential future directions in this field. Electrochromic materials change optical properties through redox reactions induced by voltages, offering high signal-to-noise ratios and rapid response capabilities. However, these materials have limited biocompatibility and stability. SPR technology modulates signals in response to local changes in electrical potential, achieving high sensitivity. However, challenges such as scattering noise and electro-optic effects still need to be addressed. QDs utilize their photoluminescent properties for high sensitivity and resolution, but concerns about connection efficiency and biocompatibility remain. Semiconductor optoelectronic technologies offer rapid response times, wireless functionality, and integration potential. However, improvements are needed in terms of toxicity, compatibility with biological tissues, and signal amplification and processing. These methods have advantages in neuroscience, medical diagnostics, and biological research, including rapid response, high sensitivity, and label-free monitoring. By combining different optical recording techniques, the performance of voltage imaging can be optimized. In conclusion, interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation are essential for advancing the optical recording of electrophysiological signals and developing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.