bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) in the media – a qualitative content analysis of Norwegian newspapers
Authors: Huiberts Åshild , Hjørnevik Mari , Mykletun Arnstein , Skogen Jens C 
Published: November 2013

Objectives Electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) is a condition characterized by experiencing symptoms after perceived exposure to weak electromagnetic fields (EMFs). There is substantial debate concerning the aetiology of EHS, but experimental data indicate no association between EHS and actual presence of EMFs. Newspapers play a key role in shaping peoples’ understanding of health-related issues. The aim of this study was to describe the content of newspaper articles concerning aetiology and treatment of EHS. Design Qualitative content analysis of newspaper articles. Setting Norwegian newspaper articles were identified using a comprehensive electronic media archive. Participants Norwegian newspaper articles published between 1 February 2006 and 11 August 2010. Main outcome measures Statements coded according to source of information, whether it was pro or con scientific evidence on EHS aetiology, and type of intervention presented as treatment option for EHS. Results Of the statements concerning EHS aetiology ( n = 196), 35% ( n = 69) were categorized as pro evidence, 65% ( n = 127) as con evidence. Of the statements about EHS interventions assessed, 78% ( n = 99) were categorized as ‘radiance reduction’, 4% ( n = 5) as ‘complementary medicine’, and 18% ( n = 23) as ‘other’. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and psychotropic drugs were never presented as possible treatment options for EHS. Conclusions The newspaper media discourse of EHS aetiology and recommended treatment interventions is much in conflict with the current evidence in the field. The majority of statements concerning aetiology convey that EHS is related to the presence of weak EMFs, and radiance reduction as the most frequently conveyed measure to reduce EHS-related symptoms.
Global analysis of the differentially expressed miRNAs of prostate cancer in Chinese patients
Authors: He Hui-chan , Han Zhao-dong , Dai Qi-shan , Ling Xiao-hui , Fu Xin , Lin Zhuo-yuan , Deng Ye-han , Qin Guo-qiang , Cai Chao , Chen Jia-hong , Jiang Fu-neng , Liu Xingyin , Zhong Wei-de 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundOur recent study showed the global physiological function of the differentially expressed genes of prostate cancer in Chinese patients was different from that of other non-Chinese populations. microRNA are estimated to regulate the expression of greater than 60% of all protein-coding genes. To further investigate the global association between the transcript abundance of miRNAs and their target mRNAs in Chinese patients, we used microRNA microarray approach combined with bioinformatics and clinical-pathological assay to investigate the miRNA profile and evaluate the potential of miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic markers in Chinese patients.ResultsA total of 28 miRNAs (fold change ≥1.5;P ≤ 0.05) were differentially expressed between tumor tissue and adjacent benign tissue of 4 prostate cancer patients.10 top Differentially expressed miRNAs were validated by qRT-PCR using all 20 tissue pairs. Compared to the miRNA profile of non-Chinese populations, the current study showed that miR-23b, miR-220, miR-221, miR-222, and miR-205 maybe common critical therapeutic targets in different populations. The integrated analysis for mRNA microarray and miRNA microarray showed the effects of specifically inhibiting and/or enhancing the function of miRNAs on the gene transcription level. The current studies also identified 15 specific expressed miRNAs in Chinese patients. The clinical feature statistics revealed that miR-374b and miR-19a have significant correlations with clinical-pathological features in Chinese patients.ConclusionsOur findings showed Chinese prostate cancer patients have a common and specific miRNA expression profile compared with non-Chinese populations. The miR-374b is down-regulated in prostate cancer tissue, and it can be identified as an independent predictor of biochemical recurrence-free survival.
Linguistic and psychometric validation of the Chinese version of the Glaucoma Quality of Life-15 (GQL-15-CHI): a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhou Chuandi , Yao Jing , Qian Shaohong , Wu Peixia 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundMaintaining glaucoma patients’ quality of life (QoL) has become one of the most important goals for treatments. The purpose of this study is to develop a Chinese version of Glaucoma Quality of Life-15 item Questionnaire (GQL-15-CHI), and examine its psychometric properties.MethodsThe Glaucoma Quality of Life-15 item Questionnaire (GQL-15) was translated and culturally adapted into Chinese, and administered to glaucoma patients recruited from Shanghai Eye and ENT Hospital. Visual functions: habitual-corrected visual acuity (HCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and mean defect (MD) of visual field) were assessed through clinical examination by professionals. Sociodemographic and other clinical data were collected via interviews and chart review. According to Nelson’s glaucoma staging system, patients were stratified as mild, moderate, and severe visual field loss (VFL). The psychometric properties, including internal consistency, test-retest reliability, item-scale correlations and factor analysis were conducted. The divergent validity was assessed through bilateral comparisons of the GQL-15-CHI composite and subscale scores between patients of different VFLs after controlling for potential confounders.ResultsA total of 508 glaucoma patients were recruited (male: 265, female: 243). The mean age was 55.41 years. The Cronbach’s α coefficients ranged from 0.75 to 0.91 for the subscales. The test-retest reliability, as estimated by the intraclass correlation coefficients, were above 0.70 for all subscales. Statistically significant differences were showed in the GQL-15-CHI summary and subscale scores after controlling for sociodemographic and clinical confounders (P < 0.05) among patients with different VFLs.ConclusionThe GQL-15-CHI showed psychometric properties comparable to those of the original English version, and thus could be used as a reliable and valid tool for assessment of QoL in Chinese glaucoma patients.
Fabrication of Si heterojunction solar cells using P-doped Si nanocrystals embedded in SiN
x
films as emitters
Authors: Wu Ping-Jung , Wang Yu-Cian , Chen I-Chen 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Si heterojunction solar cells were fabricated on p-type single-crystal Si (sc-Si) substrates using phosphorus-doped Si nanocrystals (Si-NCs) embedded in SiN
x
(Si-NCs/SiN
x
) films as emitters. The Si-NCs were formed by post-annealing of silicon-rich silicon nitride films deposited by electron cyclotron resonance chemical vapor deposition. We investigate the influence of the N/Si ratio in the Si-NCs/SiN
x
films on their electrical and optical properties, as well as the photovoltaic properties of the fabricated heterojunction devices. Increasing the nitrogen content enhances the optical gap E04 while deteriorating the electrical conductivity of the Si-NCs/SiN
x
film, leading to an increased short-circuit current density and a decreased fill factor of the heterojunction device. These trends could be interpreted by a bi-phase model which describes the Si-NCs/SiN
x
film as a mixture of a high-transparency SiN
x
phase and a low-resistivity Si-NC phase. A preliminary efficiency of 8.6% is achieved for the Si-NCs/sc-Si heterojunction solar cell.
Aberrant DNA methyltransferase expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma development and progression
Authors: Gao Jun , Wang Lihua , Xu Jinkang , Zheng Jianming , Man Xiaohua , Wu Hongyu , Jin Jin , Wang Kaixuan , Xiao Huasheng , Li Shude , Li Zhaoshen 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Altered gene methylation, regulated by DNA methyltransferases (DNMT) 1, 3a and 3b, contributes to tumorigenesis. However, the role of DNMT in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unknown.

Methods
Expression of DNMT 1, 3a and 3b was detected in 88 Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and 10 normal tissue samples by immunohistochemistry. Changes in cell viability, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis of PDAC cell lines (Panc-1 and SW1990) were assessed after transfection with DNMT1 and 3b siRNA. Levels of CDKN1A, Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA were assessed by qRT-PCR, and methylation of the Bax gene promoter was assayed by methylation-specific PCR (MSP).

Results
DNMT1, 3a and 3b proteins were expressed in 46.6%, 23.9%, and 77.3% of PDAC tissues, respectively, but were not expressed in normal pancreatic tissues. There was a co-presence of DNMT3a and DNMT3b expression and an association of DNMT1 expression with alcohol consumption and poor overall survival. Moreover, knockdown of DNMT1 and DNMT3b expression significantly inhibited PDAC cell viability, decreased S-phase but increased G1-phase of the cell cycle, and induced apoptosis. Molecularly, expression of CDKN1A and Bax mRNA was upregulated, and the Bax gene promoter was demethylated. However, a synergistic effect of combined DNMT1 and 3b knockdown was not observed.

Conclusion
Expression of DNMT1, 3a and 3b proteins is increased in PDAC tissues, and DNMT1 expression is associated with poor prognosis of patients. Knockdown of DNMT1 and 3b expression arrests tumor cells at the G1 phase of the cell cycle and induces apoptosis. The data suggest that DNMT knockdown may be a novel treatment strategy for PDAC.
Neurocognitive Outcomes Decades After Treatment for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Report From the St Jude Lifetime Cohort Study
Authors: Krull Kevin R. , Brinkman Tara M. , Li Chenghong , Armstrong Gregory T. , Ness Kirsten K. , Srivastava Deo Kumar , Gurney James G. , Kimberg Cara , Krasin Matthew J. , Pui Ching-Hon , Robison Leslie L. , Hudson Melissa M. 
Published: November 2013

Purpose To determine rates, patterns, and predictors of neurocognitive impairment in adults decades after treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Patients and Methods Survivors of childhood ALL treated at St Jude Children's Research Hospital who were still alive at 10 or more years after diagnosis and were age ≥ 18 years were recruited for neurocognitive testing. In all, 1,014 survivors were eligible, 738 (72.8%) agreed to participate, and 567 (76.8%) of these were evaluated. Mean age was 33 years; mean time since diagnosis was 26 years. Medical record abstraction was performed for data on doses of cranial radiation therapy (CRT) and cumulative chemotherapy. Multivariable modeling was conducted and glmulti package was used to select the best model with minimum Akaike information criterion . Results Impairment rates across neurocognitive domains ranged from 28.6% to 58.9%, and those treated with chemotherapy only demonstrated increased impairment in all domains (all P values < .006). In survivors who received no CRT, dexamethasone was associated with impaired attention (relative risk [RR], 2.12; 95% CI, 1.11 to 4.03) and executive function (RR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.20 to 4.91). The impact of CRT was dependent on young age at diagnosis for intelligence, academic, and memory functions. Risk for executive function problems increased with survival time in a CRT dose-dependent fashion. In all survivors, self-reported behavior problems increased by 5% (RR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.09) with each year from diagnosis. Impairment was associated with reduced educational attainment and unemployment. Conclusion This study demonstrates persistent and significant neurocognitive impairment in adult survivors of childhood ALL and warrants ongoing monitoring of brain health to facilitate successful adult development and to detect early onset of decline as survivors mature.
Bone age assessment: automated techniques coming of age?
Authors: Rijn RR van , Thodberg HH 
Published: November 2013

Bone age determination from hand radiographs is one of the oldest radiographic procedures. The first atlas was published by Poland in 1898, and to date the Greulich Pyle atlas, although it dates from 1959, is still the most commonly used method. Bone age rating is time-consuming, suffers from an unsatisfactorily high rater variability, and therefore already 25 years ago it was proposed to replace the manual rating by an automated, computerized method, a field nowadays referred to as computer-aided diagnosis (CAD). The pursuit of this goal reached a first stage of accomplishment in 1992–1996 with the presentation of several systems. However, they had limited clinical value, and efforts in CAD research were increasingly focused on lesion detection for cancer screening. It was only in 2008 that a fully-automated bone age method was presented, which appears to be clinically acceptable. In this paper we consider the requirements that should be met by an automated bone age method and review the state of the art. Integration in PACS and saving time are important factors for radiologists. But it is the validation of the methods which poses the greatest challenge, because there is no gold standard for bone age rating, and the direct comparison to manual rating is therefore not sufficient for demonstrating that manual rating can be replaced by automated rating. One needs additional studies assessing the precision of a method and its accuracy when used for adult height prediction, which serves as an objective.
TASKS OF GEO-ECOLOGICAL EDUCATION AND ITS CONTENT AT PROFILE SCHOOL
Authors: Соловьев  , Solovev M. 
Published: November 2013

The paper considers the purpose and problems of geo-ecological education in the school education modernization conditions. The author defi nes a value of geo-ecological direction at profi le school and its educational content, carries out the analysis of the elective
courses promoting realization of geo-ecological education at modern school.
INFLUENCE OF MATHEMATICS HISTORICAL APPLIED ASPECTS ON FORMATION OF PRACTICAL THINKING OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS’ STUDENTS
Authors: Богун  , Bogun V. 
Published: November 2013

The applied mathematics questions from the view point of carrying out the trigonometric analysis of isosceles triangles and the correct quadrangular pyramids with application of the software developed by the author for the personal computer aimed to development of practical thinking of higher education institutions’ students are considered in this paper. Application of received mathematical and information components to the research of a gold proportion
and geometrical features of pyramids in Egypt is shown.
REMUNERATION OF LABOR OF UNIVERSITY FACULTY: CONCEPTS, EVOLUTION AND WAYS OF FURTHER IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Храмова  , Khramova Tatyana , Минева  , Mineva O. , Кочеткова  , Kochetkova N. 
Published: November 2013

Under the on-going reform of educational system innovative organizational
and economic mechanisms are being introduced to make transfer to a new qualitatively-effi cient model. Thus one of the key tasks for the
universities’ administrators is to enhance the performance of the faculty,
as a factor, determining the overall quality of education. Various approaches
to the teachers’ remuneration of labor, work measurement and job
analysis are shown in historical evolution beginning from the XVIII century.
Current situation with the university teachers’ compensation system
is considered in comparison with the average level of compensation for
diff erent regions of this country and in other countries as well. Recent
measures undertaken to reform the compensation system in the RF
higher educational institutions are discussed and evaluated.
SEARCH FOR GRANTS AS A STRATEGY OF FUNDRAISING TO DEVELOP UNIVERSITY’S INTELLECTUAL RESOURCES
Authors: Федотова  , Fedotova T. , Яковлева  , Yakovleva L. , Бичарова  , Bicharova M. 
Published: November 2013

As a non-commercial establishment a university may take on board
methods designed for non-commercial organizations, especially since a
vast array of fundraising methods has been designed and practiced in
the non-commercial sphere. Still to exploit such methods successfully
professional skills and systematic work are required. The authors present
an original fundraising system with specifi c technologies, principles and
methods of their own design. The core organizational idea is to structure
the work with students, graduates and university scientists within the
premises of one department to focus their eff orts in a single direction.
SOCIO-CULTURAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE ASPECTS OF HUMANRESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN THE INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES
Authors: Фоминых  , Fominykh K. 
Published: November 2013

The paper discusses comparative features of administrative and social
HR-management techniques as being applied for management of innovations
in Russia.
The essence and methods to resolve the problem of management and
manageability both at the macro- and the micro-level are presented.
Comparative features and kinds of social management and administrative
control methods are outlined. The author analyzes how these methods
are used in this country for managing innovations.
PERSONNEL INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES IN INTELLECTUAL ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Скоблякова  , Skoblyakova I. , Родионова  , Rodionova Ekaterina 
Published: November 2013

The need to design a system to manage innovative activities of intellectual
organizations’ members is proved from the methodological, theoretic
and practical points of view. It is argued that such a system would
be notable for high risks and its performance would depend heavily on
the extent of creative thinking, artistic talents, professional and personal
open-mindedness of the organization members.
THE USE OF TEST TECHNOLOGIES UNDER CONDITIONS OF TRANSITION TO COMPETENCE APPROACH
Authors: Рушингина  , Rushingina Olga 
Published: November 2013

The issues related to transition to the new educational standards are considered in this paper. The author characterizes two of new standards’ key concepts, such as competence and competence approach.
The problems of assessment system as one of education’s important components functioning as feedback are revealed. The assessment system is a kind of education system’s regulator. The author considers the students’ assessment problem taking into account the competence approach. The traditional system of students’ knowledge assessment that was formed even in the Soviet school, has undoubtedly rich experience, but by virtue of its organizational and technological particularities can’t meet the requirements of modern society. The information society development has led to emergence of such notions as “education monitoring” and “evaluation”, the main point of which is revealed by this paper’s author. These notions, including all education areas, are connected even with the problems of pedagogical measurements, in particular, with the studies related to test problematics. The tests in its development have gone from their total negation till the becoming of graduates’ state exam form. The author considers the test technologies, particularly the computer ones, as an eff ective assessment mean of educational competencies’ formation level.
SECOND GENERATION EDUCATIONAL STANDARD’S INNOVATIVE CONTENT (THE 10-11th FORMS): NEW EDUCATIONAL REALITY
Authors: Бычков  , Bychkov Anatoliy 
Published: November 2013

On the basis of results related to basic researches executed at the
Institute of the Contents and Methods of Teaching (RAE) in paper from a position of system and activity approach the conceptual provisions of general education schools pupils’ motivation on modern innovative activity by means of innovative projects implementation as an obligatory task in the content of learning according to the new Federal State Educational Standard of Secondary (Full) General Education have been revealed.
Birationally rigid Fano complete intersections. II
Authors: Pukhlikov Aleksandr V. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract.

We prove that a generic (in the sense of Zariski topology) Fano complete
intersection V of the type

(

d
1

,
⋯
,

d
k

)

$(d_1,\dots ,d_k)$

in

ℙ

M
+
k

${\mathbb {P}}^{M+k}$

, where

d
1

+
⋯
+

d
k

=
M
+
k

$d_1+\dots +d_k=M+k$

, is birationally superrigid
if

M
≥
7

$M\ge 7$

,

M
≥
k
+
3

$M\ge k+3$

and

max
{

d
i

}
≥
4

$\operatorname{max} \lbrace d_i\rbrace \ge 4$

. In
particular, on the variety V there is exactly one structure of a
Mori fibre space (or a rationally connected fibre space), the
groups of birational and biregular self-maps coincide,

Bir
V
=
Aut
V

$\operatorname{Bir} V= \operatorname{Aut} V$

, and the variety V is
non-rational. This fact covers a considerably larger range of
complete intersections than our result of
[J. reine angew. Math 541 (2001), 55–79],
which required the condition

M
≥
2
k
+
1

$M\ge 2k+1$

.
Bounded sets of sheaves on Kähler manifolds
Authors: Toma Matei 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

We show that any set of quotients with fixed Chern classes of a given coherent sheaf on a compact Kähler manifold is bounded in a sense which we define. The result is proved by adapting Grothendieck's boundedness criterion expressed via the Hilbert polynomial to the Kähler set-up. As a consequence we obtain the compactness of the connected components of the Douady space of a compact Kähler manifold.
A comparative study of ultrasound-, microwave-, and microreactor-assisted imidazolium-based ionic liquid synthesis
Authors: Bubalo Marina Cvjetko , Sabotin Izidor , Radoš Ivan , Valentinčič Joško , Bosiljkov Tomislav , Brnčić Mladen , Žnidaršič-Plazl Polona 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Synthesis of ionic liquid 1-heptyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium bromide was accomplished with the assistance of ultrasound, microwave irradiation, and a continuously operated microreactor and was compared with a conventional laboratory scale process applying magnetic stirring and water-bath heating. Results were compared with respect to process productivity, energy consumption, and product colourisation as an indicator of its purity. By using nonconventional technologies, volumetric productivity was 10- to 30-fold superior, while energy consumption was reduced by 45%–65%. Among the alternatives tested, ultrasound-assisted synthesis was shown as the most efficient one in terms of volumetric productivity (4.40 mol l-1 h-1) and specific power consumption (909.1 W h mol-1), while microwave-assisted process was the least favourable. However, only a microreactor system enabled the synthesis of a noncoloured product resulting from very efficient mixing and temperature control. Due to significant process intensification along with high product quality and superior industrial perspectives, a continuous quaternisation within microchannels could be selected as the most promising green approach among the alternatives tested in this study. Integration of ultrasound and microreactor technology including miniaturised heat exchanger is foreseen for process intensification.
Iso-thermal Section of the Phase Diagram of the System Na2MoO4-MoO3-La2O3 at 1073 K
Authors: Wei G. , Hasegawa M. , Ichinose M. , Miyata S. , Yokozeki N. , Myouchin M. , Iwase M. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Phase equilibrium was investigated in the pseudo-ternary system of Na2MoO4-MoO3-La2O3 at 1073 K in air.
A condensed variational model for thermo-mechanically coupled phase transformations in polycrystalline shape memory alloys
Authors: Junker Philipp , Hackl Klaus 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe derive an energy-based material model for thermomechanically coupled phase transformations in polycrystalline shape memory alloys. For the variational formulation of the model, we use the principle of the minimum of the dissipation potential for nonisothermal processes for which only a minimal number of constitutive assumptions has to be made. By introducing a condensed formulation for the representative orientation distribution function, the resulting material model is numerically highly efficient. For a first analysis, we present the results of material point calculations, where the evolution of temperature as well as its influence on the mechanical material response is investigated.