bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Low‐Intensity Ultrasound on Gramicidin D‐Induced Erythrocyte Edema
Authors: Lim Mi Hyun , Seo A. Rum , Kim Jiyoung , Min Byoung-Hyun , Baik Eun Joo , Park So Ra , Choi Byung Hyune 
Published: May 2014

ObjectivesTo determine whether low‐intensity ultrasound (US) can reduce red blood cell (RBC) edema and, if so, whether the US activity is associated with aquaporin 1 (AQP‐1), a water channel in the cell membrane.MethodsRed blood cell edema was induced by gramicidin D treatment at 40 ng/mL for 20 minutes and evaluated by a hematocrit assay. Low‐intensity continuous wave US at 1 MHz was applied to RBCs for the last 10 minutes of gramicidin D treatment. To determine whether US activity was associated with AQP‐1, RBCs were treated with 40 μM mercuric chloride (HgCl2), an AQP‐1 inhibitor, for 20 minutes at the time of gramicidin D treatment. Posttreatment morphologic changes in RBCs were observed by actin staining with phalloidin.ResultsRed blood cell edema increased significantly with gramicidin D at 20 (1.8%), 40 (6.7%), 60 (16.7%), and 80 (11.3%) ng/mL, reaching a peak at 60 ng/mL, compared to the control group (20 ng/mL, P = .019; 40, 60, and 80 ng/mL, P < .001). No significant RBC hemolysis was observed in any group. Edema induced by gramicidin D at 40 ng/mL was significantly reduced by US at 30 (3.4%; P = .003), 70 (4.4%; P = .001), and 100 (2.9%; P = .001) mW/cm2. Subsequent experiments showed that edema reduction by US ranged from 7% to 10%. Cotreatment with HgCl2 partially reversed the US effect and showed a significantly different level of edema compared to gramicidin D‐alone and US‐cotreated groups (P = .001). These results were confirmed by microscopic observation of RBC morphologic changes.ConclusionsLow‐intensity US could reduce gramicidin D–induced RBC edema, and its effect appeared to at least partly involve regulation of AQP‐1 activity. These results suggest that low‐intensity US can be used as an alternative treatment to control edema and related disorders.
Assessment of Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation in Cells and Isolated Mitochondria
Authors: Rogers George W. , Nadanaciva Sashi , Swiss Rachel , Divakaruni Ajit S. , Will Yvonne 
Published: May 2014

AbstractFatty acid beta oxidation is a major pathway of energy metabolism and occurs primarily in mitochondria. Drug‐induced modulation of this pathway can cause adverse effects such as liver injury, or be beneficial for treating heart failure, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. Hence, in vitro assays that are able to identify compounds that affect fatty acid oxidation are of value for toxicity assessments, as well as for efficacy assessments. Here, we describe two high‐throughput assays, one for assessing fatty acid oxidation in cells and the other for assessing fatty acid oxidation in isolated rat liver mitochondria. Both assays measure fatty acid‐driven oxygen consumption and can be used for rapid and robust screening of compounds that modulate fatty acid oxidation. Curr. Protoc. Toxicol. 60:25.3.1‐25.3.19. © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Precessional forced extratropical North Pacific mode and associated atmospheric dynamics
Authors: Wang Yue , Zhao Ping , Jian Zhimin , Xiao Dong , Chen Junming 
Published: May 2014

AbstractUsing transient accelerated simulations of the Community Climate System Model version 3 and an Earth System Model of Intermediate Complexity as well as equilibrium experiments of the Community Earth System Model, we identified a response of the extratropical air‐ocean coupled system to the precessional insolation changes at orbital timescales and named this extratropical response pattern as the North Pacific mode (NPM). Corresponding to the increased/decreased boreal winter/summer insolation at 22 ka (relative to 10–8 ka), the NPM is characterized by a western warm‐eastern cold seesaw pattern of sea surface temperature (SST) over the extratropical North Pacific from November to April, a weakened winter Aleutian low and an anomalous anticyclonic circulation throughout the troposphere. This feature forms a barotropic warm‐ridge response of tropospheric temperature and geopotential height to the precessional insolation. At the surface, rainfall increases over East Asia and the Northwest Pacific, which indicates a weakened East Asian winter monsoon, while drier conditions appear over the Northeast Pacific and the western coasts of North America. Associated with a negative phase of NPM is a weaker warming over the equatorial Pacific during winter. The increased winter insolation at precessional band not only induces the in‐phase SST warming over the Northwest Pacific and the tropical Pacific, but also explains those extratropical atmospheric changes associated with NPM. The latter might be associated with the warm SST‐induced tropospheric downstream ridge response through transient eddy activities. Besides the vital role of air‐ocean interactions, the decreased summer insolation is also essential to the zonal SST seesaw of NPM at precessional band.
Effects of monsoon trough interannual variation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific
Authors: Cao Xi , Li Tim , Peng Melinda , Chen Wen , Chen Guanghua 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe western North Pacific monsoon trough (MT) exhibits marked interannual variation (IAV) associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation forcing. The role of MT IAV in tropical cyclone (TC) development was investigated using the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting model placed on a beta plane. It was found that MT IAV has a great influence on vortex development. In strong years, the MT provides more favorable environmental conditions—primarily through enhanced low‐level vorticity, convergence and midlevel moisture—for TC formation and vice versa in weak years. Sensitivity experiments that separated the dynamic and thermodynamic (moisture) factors from strong MT IAV showed that the thermodynamic impact associated with MT IAV is comparable to the dynamic impact.
Detecting transient signals in geodetic time series using sparse estimation techniques
Authors: Riel Bryan , Simons Mark , Agram Piyush , Zhan Zhongwhen 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe present a new method for automatically detecting transient deformation signals from geodetic time series. We cast the detection problem as a least squares procedure where the design matrix corresponds to a highly overcomplete, nonorthogonal dictionary of displacement functions in time that resemble transient signals of various timescales. The addition of a sparsity‐inducing regularization term to the cost function limits the total number of dictionary elements needed to reconstruct the signal. Sparsity‐inducing regularization enhances interpretability of the resultant time‐dependent model by localizing the dominant timescales and onset times of the transient signals. Transient detection can then be performed using convex optimization software where detection sensitivity is dependent on the strength of the applied sparsity‐inducing regularization. To assess uncertainties associated with estimation of the dictionary coefficients, we compare solutions with those found through a Bayesian inference approach to sample the full model space for each dictionary element. In addition to providing uncertainty bounds on the coefficients and confirming the optimization results, Bayesian sampling reveals trade‐offs between dictionary elements that have nearly equal probability in modeling a transient signal. Thus, we can rigorously assess the probabilities of the occurrence of transient signals and their characteristic temporal evolution. The detection algorithm is applied on several synthetic time series and real observed GPS time series for the Cascadia region. For the latter data set, we incorporate a spatial weighting scheme that self‐adjusts to the local network density and filters for spatially coherent signals. The weighting allows for the automatic detection of repeating slow slip events.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Cascade Annulation To Construct Functionalized β‐ and γ‐Lactones in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Li Jianxiao , Yang Wanfei , Yang Shaorong , Huang Liangbin , Wu Wanqing , Sun Yadong , Jiang Huanfeng 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA highly efficient and mild palladium‐catalyzed, one‐pot, four‐step cascade annulation has been developed to afford functionalized β‐ and γ‐lactones in moderate to good yields with high regio‐ and diastereoselectivities in ionic liquids. The employment of ionic liquids under mild reaction conditions makes this transformation green and practical. Especially, this reaction provided a novel and convenient methodology for the construction of naturally occurring biologically active β‐ and γ‐lactones.
Evaluating effects of biobased 2,5‐furandicarboxylate esters as plasticizers on the thermal and mechanical properties of poly (vinyl chloride)
Authors: Yu Zuolong , Zhou Jiadong , Zhang Jun , Huang Kaixuan , Cao Fei , Wei Ping 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTWe synthesized 2,5‐furandicarboxylate esters [i.e., dibutylfuran‐2,5‐dicarboxylate, diisoamylfuran‐2,5‐dicarboxylate, and di(2‐ethylhexyl)furan‐2,5‐dicarboxylate] and investigated their potential application as plasticizers of commercial poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) products. Fourier transform infrared analysis, mechanical tests, scanning electron microscopy investigation, differential scanning calorimetry analysis, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), melt flow rate (MFR) measurement, and plasticizer migration measurements were used to the evaluate the comprehensive properties of the blended products. The results of the tensile tests demonstrate that the blends exhibited antiplasticization and flexible plastic characteristics at 10 and 50 phr in PVC, respectively. Moreover, flexural and impact test data indicate that the three types of blends exhibited a similar tendency: the hardness decreased continuously as the amount of plasticizer increased. Their morphology indicated that all of the plasticizers had good compatibility with PVC. The resulting glass‐transition temperature of the investigated plasticizers was lower than that of pure PVC, and reduction was largest for the plasticizer with the highest molecular weight. TGA revealed that the thermal degradation of blended polymers occurred in three stages and that all of the blends were stable up to 180°C. Finally, the MFRs of all of the specimens indicated that the addition of a higher concentration of lower molecular weight biobased esters resulted in improved fluidity, but these compounds migrated more easily from the blends. Hence, 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid derived from biomass has potential as a plasticizer. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40938.
Synthesis and characterization of crosslinking waterborne fluorinated polyurethane‐acrylate with core‐shell structure
Authors: Luo Qiaoli , Shen Yiding , Li Peizhi , Wang Chen , Zhao Zhifang 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTCrosslinking core‐shell emulsions of waterborne fluorinated polyurethane‐acrylate (WFPUA) were successfully synthesized using a solvent‐free method. The crosslinkers of diacetone acrylamide and adipic dihydrazide were introduced into the WFPUA emulsions. The physical properties of hybrid emulsions such as the average particle size, stability, and viscosity were characterized. The core‐shell of crosslinking WFPUA emulsion synthesized in this study was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Then, the results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the fluorinated monomer (FA) had been polymerized into the crosslinking waterborne polyurethane‐acrylate polymer, and the fluorinated groups have evident enrichment on the film‐air surface with the increase of FA content. At the same time, the thermal properties, water repellent/antifouling properties, and mechanical properties were measured. Moreover, the thermal properties and the elongation are raised but tensile stress and shore hardness are decreased with the increase of FA content. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40970.
Recent Progress in Biointerfaces with Controlled Bacterial Adhesion by Using Chemical and Physical Methods
Authors: Meng Jingxin , Zhang Pengchao , Wang Shutao 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBiointerfaces with the controlled adhesion of bacteria are highly important, owing to their wide applications, which range from decreasing the probability of infection to promoting higher efficiency and sensitivity in biocatalysts and biosensors. In this Focus Review, we summarize the recent progress in chemically and physically designed biointerfaces with controlled bacterial adhesion. On one hand, several smart‐responsive biointerfaces that can be switched between bacteria‐adhesive states and bacteria‐resistant states by applying an external stimulus have been rationally designed and developed for adhering and detaching bacteria, whilst, on the other hand, the adhesive behavior of bacteria can be controlled by regulating the topography of the biointerface. In addition, new technologies (i.e., biosensors) and materials (i.e., graphene) provide promising approaches for efficiently controlling the adhesion of bacteria for practical applications.
Aqueous and Air‐Compatible Fabrication of High‐Performance Conductive Textiles
Authors: Wang Xiaolong , Yan Casey , Hu Hong , Zhou Xuechang , Guo Ruisheng , Liu Xuqing , Xie Zhuang , Huang Zhifeng , Zheng Zijian 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis paper describes a fully aqueous‐ and air‐compatible chemical approach to preparing high‐performance conductive textiles. In this method, the surfaces of textile materials are first modified with an aqueous solution of double‐bond‐containing silane molecules to form a surface‐anchoring layer for subsequent in situ free‐radical polymerization of [2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (METAC) in the air. Thin layers of poly‐METAC (PMETAC) are therefore covalently grafted on top of the silane‐modified textile surface. Cu‐ or Ni‐coated textiles are finally fabricated by electroless deposition (ELD) onto the PMETAC‐modified textiles. Parameters including polymerization time, temperature, and ELD conditions are studied to optimize the whole fabrication process. The as‐made conductive textiles exhibit sheet resistance as low as 0.2 Ω sq−1, which makes them highly suitable for use as conductive wires and interconnects in flexible and wearable electronic devices. More importantly, the chemical method is fully compatible with the conventional “pad‐dry‐cure” fabrication process in the textile manufacturing industry, thus indicating that it is very promising for high‐throughput and roll‐to‐roll fabrication of high‐performance metal‐coated conductive textiles in the future.
Yeast cell surface display of linoleic acid isomerase from Propionibacterium acnes and its application for the production of trans‐10, cis‐12 conjugated linoleic acid
Authors: He Xihong , Shang Jiling , Li Fan , Liu Hao 
Published: May 2014

AbstractConjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a family of geometric and positional isomers of linoleic acid, has many health‐promoting properties. Different isomers of CLA may have very different physiological effects. In the current work, we explore the possibility to produce single isomer of CLA by using biocatalysis based on displayed biocatalysts on the yeast cell surfaces. A reporter system used to assess gene expression and protein distribution was established by combining the egfp gene to the N‐terminus of Propionibacterium acnes pai gene encoding the linoleic isomerase onto vector pYD1. After induction of the yeast strains containing pYD1::egfp::pai with galactose, strong green fluorescence was observed on the surface of cells, demonstrating that the fusion protein was successfully displayed. Using the engineered strains as whole‐cell biocatalyst, trans‐10, cis‐12 CLA was detected in the reaction mixture. To improve the biocatalytic potential of this system, the first 20 amino codons of pai were modified, and the catalytic reaction conditions were optimized. Optimization of the codon usage resulted in 35% increase of CLA production, and the maximum yield of CLA was observed within 20 H in the optimal conditions: pH 7.0, 4 mg/mL linoleic acid, 37 °C. The system established in the present work can guide the development of biocatalytic strategies to produce trans‐10, cis‐12 CLA single isomer.
Lignocellulosic feedstock supply systems with intermodal and overseas transportation
Authors: Hoefnagels Ric , Searcy Erin , Cafferty Kara , Cornelissen Thijs , Junginger Martin , Jacobson Jacob , Faaij André 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWith growing demand for internationally traded biomass, the logistic operations required to economically move biomass from the field or forest to end‐ users have become increasingly complex. To design cost effective and sustainable feedstock supply chains, it is important to understand the economics, energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, their interdependencies, and the related uncertainties of the logistic process operations of international supply chains. This paper presents an approach to assessing lignocellulosic feedstock supply systems at the operational level. For this purpose, the Biomass Logistic Model (BLM) has been linked with the Geographic Information Systems‐based Biomass Intermodal Transportation Model (BIT‐UU) and extended with inter‐continental transport routes. Case studies of herbaceous and woody biomass, produced in the US Midwest and US Southeast, respectively, and shipped to Europe for conversion to Fischer‐Tropsch (FT) diesel are included to demonstrate how intermodal transportation and, in particular, overseas shipping integrates with the bioenergy supply chains. For the cases demonstrated, biomass can be supplied at 99 € Mg−1 to 117 € Mg−1 (dry) and converted to FT diesel at 19 € GJ−1 to 24 € GJ−1 depending on the feedstock type and location, intermediate (chips or pellets) and size of the FT diesel production plant. With the flexibility to change the design of supply chains as well as input variables, many alternative supply chain cases can be assessed. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Fibroblastic growth factor receptor 1 amplification in osteosarcoma is associated with poor response to neo‐adjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Fernanda Amary M. , Ye Hongtao , Berisha Fitim , Khatri Bhavisha , Forbes Georgina , Lehovsky Katie , Frezza Anna M. , Behjati Sam , Tarpey Patrick , Pillay Nischalan , Campbell Peter J. , Tirabosco Roberto , Presneau Nadège , Strauss Sandra J. , Flanagan Adrienne M. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractOsteosarcoma, the most common primary bone sarcoma, is a genetically complex disease with no widely accepted biomarker to allow stratification of patients for treatment. After a recent report of one osteosarcoma cell line and one tumor exhibiting fibroblastic growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) gene amplification, the aim of this work was to assess the frequency of FGFR1 amplification in a larger cohort of osteosarcoma and to determine if this biomarker could be used for stratification of patients for treatment. About 352 osteosarcoma samples from 288 patients were analyzed for FGFR1 amplification by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization. FGFR1 amplification was detected in 18.5% of patients whose tumors revealed a poor response to chemotherapy, and no patients whose tumors responded well to therapy harbored this genetic alteration. FGFR1 amplification is present disproportionately in the rarer histological variants of osteosarcoma. This study provides a rationale for inclusion of patients with osteosarcoma in clinical trials using FGFR kinase inhibitors.
Mediterranean marketing and postmodern marketing: An oxymoron?
Authors: Badot Olivier 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThis article raises the question of the compatibility of ‘Postmodern marketing’ and ‘Mediterranean marketing’, challenging the literature on Mediterranean marketing, which qualifies it as postmodern. Do Mediterranean and Postmodern marketing not, in fact, constitute an oxymoron? Or, at the very least, do they not exhibit characteristics that differentiate them much more than the literature contends? The comparative and critical analysis of the convergence of these two types of marketing is based on a literature review and empirical cases. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Factors influencing green purchasing behaviour: Empirical evidence from the Lebanese consumers
Authors: Dagher Grace K. , Itani Omar 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTOur current environmental situation requires serious attention. We can see the problems that our environment is facing everywhere, including air pollution, ozone depletion, global warming, hazardous waste disposal and water pollution. Today, consumers are aware that their individual consumption behaviour affects the environment and these consumers are more conscious of the seriousness of environmental degradation. Thus, consumers are increasingly engaging in environmentally friendly behaviour and are interested in supporting businesses that are engaging in green strategies. Green purchasing behaviour can help achieve a sustainable environment. Four factors that may influence green purchasing behaviour were examined in this study: perceived seriousness of environmental problems, perceived environmental responsibility, perceived effectiveness of environmental behaviour and concern for self‐image in environmental protection. Data were collected from Lebanon, and three factors were found to have positive effects on green purchasing behaviour. The results also indicated that the perceived seriousness of environmental problems was the main contributor to green purchasing behaviour. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthetic Polyamine BPA‐C8 Inhibits TGF‐β1‐Mediated Conversion of Human Dermal Fibroblast to Myofibroblasts and Establishment of Galectin‐1‐Rich Extracellular Matrix in Vitro
Authors: Mifková Alžběta , Kodet Ondřej , Szabo Pavol , Kučera Jan , Dvořánková Barbora , André Sabine , Koripelly Girish , Gabius Hans‐Joachim , Lehn Jean‐Marie , Smetana Karel 
Published: May 2014

AbstractCancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a role in the progression of malignant tumors. They are formed by conversion of fibroblasts to smooth muscle α‐actin‐positive (SMA‐positive) myofibroblasts. Polyamines are known to change the arrangement of the actin cytoskeleton by binding to the anionic actin. We tested the effect of the synthetic polyamine BPA‐C8 on the transition of human dermal fibroblasts to myofibroblasts induced either by TGF‐β1 alone or by TGF‐β1 together with adhesion/growth‐regulatory galectin‐1. Pre‐existing CAFs, myofibroblasts from pancreatitis, and rat smooth muscle cells were also exposed to BPA‐C8. BPA‐C8 impaired myofibroblast formation from activated fibroblasts, but it had no effect on cells already expressing SMA. BPA‐C8 also reduced the occurrence of an extracellular matrix around the activated fibroblasts. The reported data thus extend current insights into polyamine activity, adding interference with tumor progression to the tumor‐promoting processes warranting study.
Direct Catalytic Access to N‐Silylated Enamines from Enolizable Imines and Hydrosilanes by Base‐Free Dehydrogenative SiN Coupling
Authors: Hermeke Julia , Klare Hendrik F. T. , Oestreich Martin 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA procedure for the synthesis of otherwise difficult‐to‐make N‐silylated enamines, that is masked enamines derived from primary amines, is reported. The approach is based on formation of a silyliminium ion and subsequent abstraction of the acidified α‐proton rather than α‐deprotonation of the enolizable imine followed by reaction with an electrophilic silicon reagent. The silicon electrophile, stabilized by a sulfur atom, is generated by cooperative activation of an SiH bond at the RuS bond of a tethered ruthenium(II) thiolate complex. After transfer of the silicon cation onto the imine nitrogen atom, the remaining ruthenium(II) hydride fulfills the role of the base. Deprotonation and release of dihydrogen close the catalytic cycle. The net reaction is a dehydrogenative SiN coupling of enolizable imines and hydrosilanes.