bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Combinatorial Chemistry and Technologies on Drug Discovery and Biotechnology – a Mini Review
Authors: Seneci Pierfausto , Fassina Giorgio , Frecer Vladimir , Miertus Stanislav 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The review will focus on the aspects of combinatorial chemistry and technologies that are more relevant in the modern pharmaceutical process. An historical, critical introduction is followed by three chapters, dealing with the use of combinatorial chemistry/high throughput synthesis in medicinal chemistry; the rational design of combinatorial libraries using computer-assisted combinatorial drug design; and the use of combinatorial technologies in biotechnology. The impact of “combinatorial thinking” in drug discovery in general, and in the examples reported in details, is critically discussed. Finally, an expert opinion on current and future trends in combinatorial chemistry and combinatorial technologies is provided.
Prediction of Wine Sensorial Quality by Routinely Measured Chemical Properties
Authors: Bednárová Adriána , Kranvogl Roman , Brodnjak-Vončina Darinka , Jug Tjaša 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The determination of the sensorial quality of wines is of great interest for wine consumers and producers since it declares the quality in most of the cases. The sensorial assays carried out by a group of experts are time-consuming and expensive especially when dealing with large batches of wines. Therefore, an attempt was made to assess the possibility of estimating the wine sensorial quality with using routinely measured chemical descriptors as predictors. For this purpose, 131 Slovenian red wine samples of different varieties and years of production were analysed and correlation and principal component analysis were applied to find inter-relations between the studied oenological descriptors. The method of artificial neural networks (ANNs) was utilised as the prediction tool for estimating overall sensorial quality of red wines. Each model was rigorously validated and sensitivity analysis was applied as a method for selecting the most important predictors. Consequently, acceptable results were obtained, when data representing only one year of production were included in the analysis. In this case, the coefficient of determination (R2) associated with training data was 0.95 and that for validation data was 0.90. When estimating sensorial quality in categorical form, 94 % and 85 % of correctly classified samples were achieved for training and validation subset, respectively.
Applying the coagulation and reverse osmosis for water recovery from evaporative water
Authors: Michel Magdalena M. , Reczek Lidia , Siwiec Tadeusz , Rudnicki Piotr 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Applying the coagulation and reverse osmosis for water recovery from evaporative water. Evaporative water from the concentration of yeast slurry is a potential raw material for water recovery. It is characterized by low pH (4.6-6.3), increased turbidity (3.65-13.7 NTU), and high content of total organic carbon (356-754 mg/L). Its treatment in the volume coagulation process using NaOH and coagulant PIX 111, was studied. Water turbidity was lowered to a value below 1 NTU, but coagulation did not allow for the removal of organic compounds. Coagulation was effective at temperatures of 20 and 40°C. Pretreatment of the feed water for RO included alkalization, coagulation, sedimentation, and 5 μm fine filtration (variant I), as well as single 5 μm fine filtration (variant II as a blank). In variant I the feed with improved properties was achieved. Membrane filtration allowed for effective desalination of evaporative water, 98 and 73% conductivity retention was obtained, depending on the method of the feed pre-treatment. The organic compounds were removed less efficiently, at 94 and 84%, respectively.
The upper Odra as a case study of the impact of channel regulation on its morphodynamics
Authors: Czajka Agnieszka 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The upper Odra as a case study of the impact of channel regulation on its morphodynamics. The aim of the research was to compare morphodynamics of the Odra river channel in three different sectors and to find the main difference in the way of sediment transport before and after regulation in meandering, straight and sinuous channel sectors and compare the data with those calculated for reconstructed, natural channel of the Odra river. Sediment transport in discussed sectors was compared for average, bankfull and flood discharges and it proceeds in different ways. Morphodynamics of the preregulated Odra was most similar to the one currently observed in the meandering section. Also the dynamics of bed-material transport and, consequently, the possibility of the occurrence and disappearance of channel forms is greatly varied among the studied sectors. As it was assumed, a diversified channel geometry imposes water flow, which entails a series of processes shaping the channel dynamics.
Analysis of Common Governance Transport System Development Possibilities in the East-west Transport Corridor
Authors: Bazaras Darius , Yatskiv Irina , Mačiulis Alminas , Palšaitis Ramūnas 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Equitable access to efficient economic infrastructure and effective public services is essential to achieving the future economic growth. Insufficient transport infrastructure and long border crossing procedures limiting international accessibility for goods and passengers are the biggest present problems in the East-West transport corridor. The joint action plan must highlight the areas and components of the transport system, which are important for the effective interconnectivity of the individual networks, and/or for absorbing the steadily increasing intraregional and transcontinental freight flows. The successful East-West transport corridor activities' governance first of all needs to identify the corridor's administrative structure, non-governmental organizations' (NGO) place in the management structure, partnerships between the transport hubs in the EWTC mechanism and the possibility of cooperation between private and public sectors.
The latest events and constantly changing environment show that the impact of political solutions on business is prevalent in the CIS and the EU countries. Thus, the analysis of economic, political, managerial, legal, even moral aspects that affect the interests of the stakeholders remain significant.
Modeling of Complex Structures for the Ship's Power Complex Using Xilinx System
Authors: Chernyi Sergei , Zhilenkov Anton 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
One of the most essential tasks for a number of systems of the automatic controls in the autonomous electric power systems of the water transport is accurate calculation of variable harmonic components in the non-sinusoidal signal. In the autonomous electric power systems operating with full semiconductor capacity, the forms of line currents and voltages are greatly distorted, and generator devices generate voltage with inconsistent frequency, phase and amplitude. It makes calculation of harmonic composition of the distorted signals be a non-trivial task. The present paper provides a mathematical set for solution of the outlined problem including the realization in the discrete form. The simplicity and efficiency of the system proposed make possible to perform its practical realization with the help of cheap FPGA. The test of the developed system has been performed in the medium Matlab.
Satellite Monitoring Systems for Shipping and Offshore Oil and Gas Industry in the Baltic Sea
Authors: Kostianoy A.G. , Bulycheva E.V. , Semenov A.V. , Krainyukov A. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Shipping activities, oil production and transport in the sea, oil handled in harbors, construction and exploitation of offshore oil and gas pipelines have a number of negative impacts on the marine environment and coastal zone of the seas. In 2004-2014 we elaborated several operational satellite monitoring systems for oil and gas companies in Russia and performed integrated satellite monitoring of the ecological state of coastal waters in the Baltic, Black, Caspian, and Kara seas, which included observation of oil pollution, suspended matter, and algae bloom at a fully operational mode. These monitoring systems differ from the existing ones by the analysis of a wide spectrum of satellite, meteorological and oceanographic data, as well as by a numerical modeling of oil spill transformation and transport in real weather conditions. Our experience in the Baltic Sea includes: (1) integrated satellite monitoring of oil production at the LUKOIL-KMN Ltd. D-6 oil rig in the Southeastern Baltic Sea (Kravtsovskoe oil field) in 2004-2014; (2) integrated satellite monitoring of the “Nord Stream” underwater gas pipeline construction and exploitation in the Gulf of Finland (2010-2013); (3) numerical modeling of risks of oil pollution caused by shipping along the main maritime shipping routes in the Gulf of Finland, the Baltic Proper, and in the Southeastern Baltic Sea; (4) numerical modeling of risks of oil pollution caused by oil production at D-6 oil rig and oil transportation on shore via the connecting underwater oil pipeline.
Nd39Ir10.98In36.02 – A complex intergrowth structure with CsCl- and AlB2-related slabs
Authors: Dominyuk Nataliya , Zaremba Vasyl’ I. , Rodewald Ute Ch. , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The ternary indide Nd39Ir10.98In36.02 was synthesized by arc-melting and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Nd39Ir10.98In36.02 crystallizes with a new structure type: Pearson code oP172, Pbam, a = 3175.4(6), b = 3762.5(8), c = 378.02(8) pm, wR2 = 0.0828, 5544 F
2 values, and 262 variables. Although the structure contains 44 crystallographically independent sites, it can easily be explained as an intergrowth structure of CsCl and AlB2 related slabs. The larger indium atoms fill all distorted CsCl slabs. The trigonal prismatic (AlB2) slabs have no uniform size. The larger ones are filled by indium and the smaller ones by the iridium atoms. Additionally, one trigonal prism shows a mixed occupancy by indium and iridium. The crystal chemistry of Nd39Ir10.98In36.02 is discussed in the context of other intergrowth structures with the same simple slabs.
Pressureless Sintering of Sodalite Waste-forms for the Immobilization of Pyroprocessing Wastes
Authors: Gilbert M. R. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTSodalite (Na8[AlSiO4]6Cl2), a naturally occurring Cl-containing mineral, has long been regarded as a potential immobilization matrix for the chloride salt wastes arising from pyrochemical reprocessing operations, as it allows for the conditioning of the waste salt as a whole without the need for any pre-treatment. Here the consolidation and densification of Sm-doped sodalite (as an analogue for AnCl3) has been investigated with the aim of producing fully dense (i.e. > 95 % t.d.) ceramic monoliths via conventional cold-press-and-sinter techniques at temperatures of < 1000 °C. Microstructural analysis of pressed and sintered sodalite powders under these conditions is shown to produce poorly sintered, porous, inhomogeneous pellets. However, by the addition of a sodium aluminophosphate glass sintering aid, fully dense Sm-sodalite ceramic monoliths can successfully be produced by sintering at temperatures as low as 800 °C.
Catálogo do material-tipo da coleção paleontológica do departamento de geologia, centro de tecnologia e geociências da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
Authors: Barreto Alcina Magnólia Franca , Oliveira Edison Vicente , Cassab Rita de Cassia Tadim , Duque Rudah Ruano Cavalcanti , Sucerquia Paula , Mota Marcelo Augusto de Lira 
Published: May 2015

A Coleção Científica Paleontológica do Departamento de Geologia, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (DGEO-CTG-UFPE), abriga cerca de 7.500 números de entrada de macrofósseis de invertebrados, vertebrados, plantas e icnofósseis das eras Paleozóica, Mesozóica e Cenozóica, coletados e estudados por professores e alunos, ao longo dos cinquenta e sete anos do curso de Geologia em Recife. Dois professores deixaram as maiores contribuições à coleção: O geólogo Prof. Karl Beurlen, que se dedicou principalmente a estratigrafia e ao estudo de invertebrados marinhos e o Prof. Geraldo da Costa Barros Muniz, entusiasta do estudo de icnofósseis e invertebrados marinhos. Esses professores descreveram cerca de 90% do acervo de tipos. Os professores José Lins Rolim, um dos pioneiros no estudo dos mamíferos do Pleistoceno em Pernambuco, José Augusto Costa de Almeida e Maria Somália Sales Viana também trouxeram importantes contribuições para a coleção do DGEO-CTG-UFPE. Nos últimos dez anos, o acervo deu suporte para o desenvolvimento das pesquisas de cinco dissertações de mestrado e quatro teses de doutorado. A coleção representa fonte para futuras pesquisas científicas, ensino e divulgação (atividades de extensão, museus). A listagem do material-tipo reflete a diversidade fossilífera e as pesquisas paleontológicas realizadas nas bacias sedimentares do Nordeste do Brasil, principalmente nas bacias Pernambuco, Paraíba, Araripe e Jatobá em Pernambuco, e nas bacias Potiguar (RN) e Sergipe-Alagoas (SE). São mais de 400 fósseis incluindo holótipos e materiais referidos, representando a descrição de 103 novas espécies de macrofósseis e icnofósseis. Deste acervo, destacam-se espécies novas de moluscos biválvios (38) e gastrópodos (38) e, icnofósseis, com 9 icnoespécies. Equinodermatas (4), Serpulidae (3), Artrópodes (3), Braquiópodos (1), Moluscos Cefalópodos (2) e Scafópodos (1), Mamíferos (2), Chondrictie (1), e Réptil, arcossauro (1) também estão representados no acervo de tipos, colocando a coleção do DGEO-CTG-UFPE entre as mais importantes de universidades brasileiras.
Pareto Optimal Multi-Objective Optimization of Antiwear Tialn/Tin/Cr Coatings
Authors: Szparaga Ł. , Ratajski J. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
The multi-objective optimization procedure of geometry of TiAlN/TiN/Cr multilayer coatings was created. The procedure was applied to the multilayer coatings subjected to constant tangential and normal loads (Hertzian contact). In physical model Cr, TiN and TiAlN layers were treated as a continuous medium, thus in mathematical description of the stress and strain states in the coatings a classical theory of stiffness was used. Decisional variables used in procedure were thicknesses of Cr, TiN and TiAlN layers and decisional criteria were functions of the stress and strain fields in the coating and substrate. Using created optimization procedure, Pareto set of optimal values of layers' thicknesses were determined. Additionally, two methods of analysis of Pareto-optimal set were introduced and discussed.
Fluctuations in Chemical Composition of M7C3 Carbides in the Soft Annealed Nc11lv/D2 Steel
Authors: Hryniewicz T. , Nykiel T. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
The paper presents the study results on chemical composition of the coarse primary M7C3 carbides occurring in the soft annealed NC11LV/D2 tool steel consisting of: 1.53% C; 11.65% Cr; 0.01% W; 0.81% Mo; 0.068% V; (balance iron plus admixtures), used for cold operation. The microanalyzer of type SEMPROBE Su-30, French made by CAMECA Co., equipped with two WDS X-ray spectrometers and an EDS VOYAGER 3 100, NORAN Instruments Co., made in USA. It was found that out of the three alloying elements occurring in the big carbides of the annealed NC11LV/D2 steel, i.e. Cr, Mo, and V, the chromium appears to be the most uniformly distributed. The big carbides vary concerning C, Cr, Mo, V; the greatest differentiation degree of the contents of Mo and Cr, and the least - of vanadium. The average chemical composition of the big/coarse carbides is as follows: C = 9.42±1.28%; Cr = 44.17±2.95%; Mo = 4.48±3.52%; V = 4.53±0.31%; balance Fe.
Characterization of Composite Laminates Subjected to Repeated Indentation
Authors: Kumar M. Ashok , Prasad A.M.K. , Ravishankar D.V. , Giridhar G. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The effect of the fiber orientation in a laminate is investigated experimentally when subjected repeated quasistatic indentation. All the laminates with different fiber orientation are subjected to indentation with a stainless steel spherical indenter of diameter 8.0mm on a universal testing machine for a maximum indenter displacement of 4mm. The rate of indenter displacement was 0.5mm/minute. Different parameters like load bearing capacity, indentation diameter, area of surface damage, etc., were recorded after 4mm of indenter displacement. All the parameters were studied and compared to evaluate the laminate with high strength
Bainite Morphology in Two Experimental Mo-Cr and Mo-Cr-V-Ti Steels
Authors: Ławrynowicz Z. , Skibicki A. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The paper presents an investigation of the bainite morphology in two experimental Mo-Cr and Mo-Cr-V-Ti steels using TEM, high speed dilatometry backed by thermodynamic analysis. The microstructure was investigated using metallography and TEM method. After austenitisation at 1200oC followed by bainitic reaction in upper and lower temperatures of isothetmal transformation the bainite was in the form of classical sheaves. The amont, distribution and morphology of retained austenite and bainitic ferrite depend on prior austenitisation and isothermal transformation temperatures within the bainitic range.
The Determination of Abrasion Resistance of Selected Biomaterials for the Friction Pairs in the Hip Joint Endoprosthesis
Authors: Zasińska K. , Seramak T. , Łubiński J. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The key requirement for the modern endoprosthesis is high durability of the friction components, which results in long and trouble-free operation in the human body. The durability of currently used endoprosthesis is often limited by tribological wear processes of friction components (e.g. between the head and the acetabular component in a hip joint endoprosthesis) [8, 19, 23, 24]. In order to compare the tribological wear, tribological tests were carried out by means of tribometer on friction pairs of the following composition: implantation steel 316 LVM/PE-UHMW and titanium alloy Ti13Nb13Zr/PE-UHMW. Determining of the friction coefficient, measured profiles of surface roughness and microscopic observation allowed to evaluate the abrasive wear of the tested biomaterials.
Comparative in Vitro Research of the Human Aortic Bioprosthesis
Authors: Dawidowska K. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Evaluate of the usefulness and reliability of structures based on the analysis of recorded parameters determining the flow through the Human Aortic Bioprosthesis (HAB) have been dealt with. By flow parameters changes determining the performance environment of prosthesis analyzed change of the motion dynamics of the valve leaflets as a function of pressure, thereby determining the degree of alignment of the prosthesis to the performance conditions. Based on the gathered measurement data a comparative analysis of flow rate valve prostheses for different frequency values of the piston pump imitating the heart, different ejection capacity and pressure conditioning work environment prosthesis were studied. Interpretation of the recorded image gave the basis for determining the Effective Orifice Area (EOC).
The Selected Measurement Problems in the Aspect of the Non-Destructive Testing of the Gear Wheels and the other Parts
Authors: Jończyk S. , Babul T. , Włodarczyk S. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This paper presents an overview of the results of studies which, in addition to the detection of differences in the structure of the product and the thickness of the surface layers, aimed to diversify the signal from the stress changes caused by cracks, assess local defects in the microstructure deformed by heat treatment and detect hydrogen „in statu nascendi”. Measurements were performed using Wirotest 1000. Specialized probes were used to allow measurements on surfaces difficult to reach. Measurements were taken at different depths of penetration. Assessment of the correlation of eddy current measurements and microhardness was also performed.
In the Shadow of the State - the Informal Economy and Informal Economy Labor Force
Authors: Schneider Friedrich 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In this paper, the main focus lies on the informal economy and on work in the shadow. The most influential factors on the informal economy are tax policies and state regulation. The size of the informal economy was decreasing over the period 1999 to 2007, from 34.0% to 31.2% for 161 countries (unweighted average). Furthermore, economic opportunities, taxes and regulations, the general situation on the labor market, and unemployment are crucial for an understanding of the dynamics of the shadow labor force. In contrast with the decrease of the informal economy (value added figures), the informal economy labor force increased for most countries over the period 1999 to 2007.
Protecting Human Rights Through Fundamental Principles of Administrative Procedures in Eastern Europe
Authors: Sever Tina , Rakar Iztok , Kovač Polonca 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Administrative procedures (APs) are tools to protect fundamental human rights in statecitizen relations. As the modernization of public administration regulation is undergoing a transformation in the direction of reducing detailed rules on APs and, by the same token, emphasizing fundamental or general principles, research on the development and the state of the art of administrative principles in the general administrative procedure acts (APAs) of selected Eastern Europe countries with a common heritage of Austrian law dating back to 1925 (Slovenia, Croatia, Macedonia and the Czech Republic) was carried out. The normative-comparative analysis reveals differences in approaches to and the pace of APAs reform and content; some countries are taking a more radical approach, mainly by following good governance dimensions. Convergence based on Council of Europe and EU initiatives is also evident. Classical guarantees against the misuse of power (principles of legality, equality, proportionality, rights of defense, etc.) are therefore crucial. The most progress seems to have been made by Croatia and the Czech Republic; by focusing on partnerships in administrative-legal relations in the sense of good administration, these two countries have, among other things, set a trend for other countries to follow.
Discounts and their Effects - Economic and Legal Approach
Authors: Funta Rastislav 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The present article discusses the economic and legal effects of single-product loyalty discounts. It is clear that arguments concerning the “pro-competitive” effects of such discounts must be judged with skepticism. This applies in particular to the assumed effects of loyalty discounts resulting from double profit surcharges or falling average costs, as well as in the context of price discrimination. I argue that many of the alleged effects could also be achieved with discount forms where the risk of restrictive effects on competition should be lower. Also, the assumed anti-competitive effects of loyalty discounts must be better justified economically. This article suggests using a form-based approach for the assessment of discount schemes. However, this should not amount to a restrictive assessment of certain discount schemes. For the development of such a form-based approach, it is necessary to review the theories about pro-competitive and anti-competitive effects. Therefore, this article attempts to identify which positive effects are more likely to be achieved by means of which discount forms and under which circumstances.