bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discovery search tools: a comparative study
Authors: Goodsett Mandi 
Published: September 2014

Purpose– This review allows librarians to compare three of the major discovery services – EBSCO Discovery Service, Ex Libris’ Primo and Serials Solutions’ Summon – on the basis of price, content, user experience, features and functionality and back-end configuration to make informed decisions about the best tool for their institutions.Design/methodology/approach– The comparisons were made through a literature review, study of the vendors’ websites, several interviews and personal usability testing of each tool.Findings– The tools each have their strengths and weaknesses, and a decision of which tool is most appropriate for an institution varies depending on the institution’s needs and current situation.Originality/value– A literature review shows that no study has yet been conducted comparing these three discovery tools, and few comparative studies of discovery tools have been published recently.
Positive effect of pets on memory-impaired residents at Silverado communities
Authors: F. Winner Stephen 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to share the positive effects pets have on individuals diagnosed with various memory-impairing diseases.

Design/methodology/approach
– Observations were gathered over a period of approximately 18 years, from 1996 to 2014. These observations, which began in just one Silverado community exclusively for those with memory impairments, have remained consistent over time and are now seen in 33 communities across the USA.

Findings
– Frequent interaction and access to various pets adds a sense of purpose and life to Silverado residents, each of whom was diagnosed with dementia or other memory impairing diseases.

Research limitations/implications
– The findings rely on a variety of personal observations from caregivers, doctors, nurses, resident families and community leadership.

Practical implications
– Including pets in an assisted living community creates an environment filled with life and compassion, which ultimately gives many residents a sense of purpose again.

Social implications
– The Silverado Pet Philosophy furthers the organization's mission to change the way the world perceives and cares for those with memory impairments.

Originality/value
– There are limited case studies that outline the positive effects of pets in a memory care community over this length of time.
Ageing and lesbian, gay and bisexual relationships
Authors: Kneale Dylan , Sholl Patrick , Sherwood Chris , Faulkner Jessica 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore how minority stress and the experience of societal level hostility towards lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) people and their relationships may have impacted upon their relationships and relationship histories.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper introduced the minority stress framework and examines the relationship histories of a small cohort aged 50 at the last sweep of data collection.

Findings
– The minority stress framework states that societal level hostility will lead to unequal treatment and psychological distress among minority groups, which could impact on their relationships histories. In these data, those people we identify as being LGB were significantly more likely to have had a higher number of cohabiting partnerships, were less likely to have had longer-term cohabiting relationships, and were less likely to be in a relationship at age 50. This is despite LGB people placing an equal importance on partnership and marriage. These results are accompanied by caveats, but the authors conclude that if minority stress does impact upon relationships, it is upon the stability and length of relationships.

Practical implications
– Compared to older LGB couples, opposite sex couples, are more likely to have been in receipt of peer and especially familial support for their relationship, particularly around times of relationship crisis. Additionally, for those same sex couples that did approach professional sources of support, such as couple counselling, heteronormative and even hostile attitudes from counselling providers may have meant that experienced and informed support was not available when needed. The findings therefore pose a challenge to service providers to ensure that relationship support and allied services are available and adapted to meet the needs of older LGB people, whose previous contacts with these service providers may have been substantially less than positive, and whose need for relationship support may be greater.

Originality/value
– The needs of older LGB people and their relationships are often overlooked. The use of a small sample of cohort data to examine these issues provides new insight into the way in which older LGB people may age differently to non-LGB people.
Anisotropic effective conductivity in fractured rocks by explicit effective medium methods
Authors: Sævik Pål Næverlid , Jakobsen Morten , Lien Martha , Berre Inga 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTIn this work, we assess the use of explicit methods for estimating the effective conductivity of anisotropic fractured media. Explicit methods are faster and simpler to use than implicit methods but may have a more limited range of validity. Five explicit methods are considered: the Maxwell approximation, the T‐matrix method, the symmetric and asymmetric weakly self‐consistent methods, and the weakly differential method, where the two latter methods are novelly constructed in this paper. For each method, we develop simplified expressions applicable to flat spheroidal “penny‐shaped” inclusions. The simplified expressions are accurate to the first order in the ratio of fracture thickness to fracture diameter. Our analysis shows that the conductivity predictions of the methods fall within known upper and lower bounds, except for the T‐matrix method at high fracture densities and the symmetric weakly self‐consistent method when applied to very thin fractures. Comparisons with numerical results show that all the methods give reliable estimates for small fracture densities. For high fracture densities, the weakly differential method is the most accurate if the fracture geometry is non‐percolating or the fracture/matrix conductivity contrast is small. For percolating conductive fracture networks, we have developed a scaling relation that can be applied to the weakly self‐consistent methods to give conductivity estimates that are close to the results from numerical simulations.
Challenges in arranging interhospital transfer from a non‐tertiary hospital emergency department in the Perth metropolitan area
Authors: Gillman Lucia , Jacobs Ian , Fatovich Daniel M 
Published: September 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the organisational demands on staff when arranging interhospital transfers (IHTs) from an ED.MethodProspective observational study of IHTs from three non‐tertiary hospital EDs in the Perth metropolitan area. Data were collected over 14 consecutive days commencing 20 January, 26 March and 6 July 2010 for each respective site. Outcome measures were the time taken for transfer acceptance, the number of telephone calls required and the perceived degree of difficulty to arrange a transfer.ResultsWe examined 229 (70%) of the 325 IHTs conducted during the study period. Transfers took 1–11 telephone calls to arrange (median 2). More calls were required for urgent (median 4, IQR 3.5–9.4, n = 69) than non‐urgent IHTs (median 3, IQR 2–4, n = 160, P = 0.04). Four or more calls were required in 23.5% of cases (n = 54) with 20 (9%) of these involving critically ill patients. The median time to transfer acceptance was similar for urgent (10 min, IQR 4–24, n = 69) and non‐urgent IHTs (10 min, IQR 5–23, P = 0.48, n = 155). A post‐hoc analysis describing IHTs that took over 1 h to organise, showed that urgent transfers took 155 min (IQR 132–213) compared with 120 min for non‐urgent IHTs (IQR 79–157; P = 0.07). Arranging an IHT was perceived to be challenging in 6% of cases with the clarity of decision‐making, receiving staff understanding of the limitations of referral hospital services and the effect of delays of prime importance.ConclusionWhile most IHTs are straightforward, critically ill transfers require considerable time, effort and teamwork to arrange.
Effects of Soaking with Natural Additives in Combinations with Vacuum or Modified Atmosphere Packaging on Microbial Populations and Shelf Life of Fresh Truffles (Chinese Tuber Indicum)
Authors: Miao Yuzhi , Chen Cuiping , Ma Qinqin , Wang Yiding , Zhang Xiaoyu , Guo Fanglan , Li Wei , Yong Bin 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the relative effects and interactions of combined soaking treatment using citric acid (CTA) and apple polyphenol (APP) at mild heating temperatures for the inactivation of the external and internal microflora (mesophilic aerobic bacteria, mesophilic anaerobic bacteria, and fungi) in Chinese Tuber indicum, as well as to analyze the microbiological and sensory changes under modified atmosphere packaging (MAP)‐ and vacuum atmosphere packaging (VAC)‐packed Chinese T. indicum stored at 4 °C for up to 55 d. Chinese T. indicum was soaked with CTA and APP alone or in combination for 10, 20, and 30 min at 35, 45, and 55 °C. A disinfection method using CTA and APP (3% CTA + 3% APP for 20 min at 45 °C) was obtained. Under this set of combination, the experimental values of microbial counts of mesophilic aerobic bacteria, mesophilic anaerobic bacteria, and fungi were 2.31 ± 0.4 log CFU/g, <1.0 log CFU/g, and <1.0 log CFU/g, respectively. Through the analysis of sensory qualities and microbial populations for MAP‐ or VAC‐packed Chinese T. indicum, the shelf life of soaked truffles was prolonged to 45 or 40 d, respectively. The synergistic effect of CTA and APP may provide valuable insight into the reduction of microorganisms on fresh truffles.
The neurobiology of eating disorders—a clinical perspective
Authors: von Hausswolff‐Juhlin Y. , Brooks S. J. , Larsson M. 
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveTo provide a neurobiological basis of eating disorders for clinicians and to enlighten how comparing neurobiology and eating disorders with neurobiology of other psychiatric illnesses can improve treatment protocols.MethodA selective review on the neurobiology of eating disorders. The article focuses on clinical research on humans with consideration of the anatomical, neural, and molecular basis of eating disorders.ResultsThe neurobiology of people with eating disorders is altered. Many of the neurobiological regions, receptors, and chemical substrates that are affected in other mental illnesses also play an important role in eating disorders. More knowledge about the neurobiological overlap between eating disorders and other psychiatric populations will help when developing treatment protocols not the least regarding that comorbidity is common in patients withEDs.ConclusionKnowledge about the underlying neurobiology of eating disorders will improve treatment intervention and will benefit from comparisons with other mental illnesses and their treatments.
Immune Changes and Dysphoric Moods Across the Postpartum
Authors: Groer Maureen E. , Jevitt Cecilia , Ji Ming 
Published: September 2014

ProblemLittle is known about postpartum immune recovery and relationships of common dysphoric moods, stress, immunology, and endocrinology.Method of studyHealthy women (n = 72) were followed for six postpartum months with immune and hormone measures and dysphoric moods and stress scales. A panel of cytokines produced in mitogen‐stimulated whole blood assays were measured at each time, along with plasma levels of hsC‐reactive protein (hsCRP), Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and a panel of hormones.ResultsCellular immunity, measured by production of Interferon‐gamma (IFNγ) and (Interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) from stimulated whole blood culture, was low in the early postpartum with changes by 3 months. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) showed a similar pattern. Plasma levels of CRP and Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) showed higher levels in the early postpartum. Mood disturbance scores dropped across the postpartum with a change in slope at 3 months. No significant relationships were found between immune, endocrine, and psychosocial measures.ConclusionReturn to normal cellular immune function may take 3–4 months in the postpartum. Some aspects of early immunology (hsCRP and IL‐6) probably reflect the latter stage of pregnancy, the stress of birth and the inflammation associated with involution. Dysphoric moods are higher in the early postpartum but are not related to immune factors or hormones.
Widespread Usage of Infant Formula in China: A Major Public Health Problem
Authors: Tang Li , Lee Andy H. , Binns Colin W. , Yang Yuxiong , Wu Yan , Li Yanxia , Qiu Liqian 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe potential health risks of infant formula feeding are well established. This study investigated the opinions and perceptions of mothers and recommendations by hospital staff with respect to infant formula usage in China.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey of 726 mothers within 6 months postpartum and 241 hospital staff, using structured questionnaires, was conducted in Hangzhou and Shenzhen, China.ResultsOverall, 474 of 726 (65.3%) infants aged within 6 months had consumed some infant formula. About 40.0 percent of mothers chose a hybrid brand of formula (manufactured in China but owned by a foreign company), over imported (< 32.0%) and domestic brands (< 28.0%), despite their higher level of confidence on the quality of imported brands. Perceived insufficient breastmilk production (86.2%) was the most common reason for giving infant formula, followed by return to work (24.6%). Of the 241 hospital staff, 97 (40.2%) gave no recommendation about infant formula brand for infants at any age. However, 47.2 percent of the remaining staff recommended a hybrid brand in combination with an imported and/or a domestic product.ConclusionsPerceptions by mothers and recommendations from hospital staff appear to contribute to the widespread usage of infant formula in China. It is important to ensure breastmilk substitutes are prescribed to Chinese infants strictly for medical reasons. Maternal education programs incorporating information on food safety issues and establishment of breastfeeding‐friendly workplaces could curtail the common practice of formula feeding in China.
Discovery of New Non‐Steroidal Farnesoid X Receptor Modulators Through 3D Shape Similarity Search and Structure‐Based Virtual Screening
Authors: Wang Lei , Si Pei , Sheng Yayun , Chen Yingjie , Wan Ping , Shen Xu , Tang Yun , Chen Lili , Li Weihua 
Published: September 2014

As a ligand‐activated transcriptional factor, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) has a variety of biological functions, such as biosynthesis of bile acids, metabolism of lipid, and glucose homeostasis, and thus is related to multiple diseases, especially metabolic syndrome. In this study, to discover new FXR modulators, we have designed a strategy by combining 3D shape similarity search and structure‐based docking methods. Taking two FXR ligands that we previously reported as the reference molecules, virtual screening was performed against the Enamine database, and finally 59 compounds were selected for bioassay. Among them, four compounds exhibited agonistic or antagonistic activities against FXR in homogeneous time resolved fluorescence assay. Two of them were found to be new, potent FXR antagonists in cell‐based assay with IC50 values of 8.39 and 6.53 μm, respectively.
Three‐Dimensional Echocardiography Guided Closure of Complex Multiple Atrial Septal Defects
Authors: Kijima Yasufumi , Akagi Teiji , Nakagawa Koji , Takaya Yoichi , Oe Hiroki , Ito Hiroshi 
Published: September 2014

Mini‐AbstractTranscatheter closure of complex multiple atrial septal defects (ASDs) remains a challenge. We describe our clinical experience with staged device deployment in a patient with multiple ASDs using four Amplatzer septal occluder devices. Three‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography imaging contributed not only to the therapeutic guidance of successful device deployment but also to the decision making for the staged device delivery approach in a case of morphologically complex multiple ASDs.
Effect of wine barrel ageing or sapa addition on total polyphenol content and antioxidant activities of some Italian craft beers
Authors: Sanna Vanna , Pretti Luca 
Published: September 2014

SummaryBeer is a complex mixture of bioactive polyphenols with positive health effects, and its composition is influenced by some technological variables. In this study, the total polyphenol content (TPC) and the antioxidant activity of some Italian craft beers produced by ageing in wood barrel that previously contained red or white wines, and by addition of sapa, a cooked must from wine grapes, were investigated. TPC greatly vary among different beer types. Craft beers stored in wood barrels that contained red wines, such as those added of sapa from red wine grapes, showed a TPC up to 2.5 times higher (1000 GAE mg L−1) compared with other craft beers, and 3.6 times higher than the industrial beer. The antioxidant activity is remarkably different depending on beer type and strictly correlated with TPC. Results indicate that antioxidant properties of the craft beers could be efficiently improved by the explored technological processes.
VAC therapy for the treatment of complex wounds after cardio‐thoracic surgery
Authors: De Caridi Giovanni , Serra Raffaele , Massara Mafalda , Barone Mario , Grande Raffaele , Butrico Lucia , Mastroroberto Pasquale , de Franciscis Stefano , Monaco Francesco 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe aim of this study is to report our experience about the treatment of complex sternal and thoracic wounds following cardiothoracic surgery, using vacuum‐assisted closure (VAC therapy. Twelve patients presenting with sternal (five cases) and thoracic (seven cases) wounds that were difficult to heal were treated through VAC therapy after the first surgical debridement. The duration of VAC application ranged from 12 to 36 days with an average hospital stay of 24·6 ± 11·4 days. During a mean follow‐up of 12 months, we observed complete wound healing in seven cases (58·3%), in an average period of 25·5 ± 14·3 days; one patient died during follow‐up, two patients were lost to follow‐up and two patients required definitive surgical closure of the wound cavity. In conclusion, VAC therapy promotes faster wound healing, with shorter hospital stay and subsequent lesser in‐hospital cost, reducing the mortality rate in the long run. It also promotes early rehabilitation and alleviates the need for a second procedure, thus improving patient satisfaction, with minimal discomfort or inconvenience.
Inter‐rater reliability of three most commonly used pressure ulcer risk assessment scales in clinical practice
Authors: Wang Li‐Hua , Chen Hong‐Lin , Yan Hong‐Yan , Gao Jian‐Hua , Wang Fang , Ming Yue , Lu Li , Ding Jing‐Jing 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to evaluate inter‐rater reliability of Braden Scale, Norton Scale and Waterlow Scale for pressure ulcer risk assessment in clinical practice. The design of the study was cross‐sectional. A total of 23 patients at pressure ulcer risk were included in the study, and 6 best registered nurses conducted three subsequent risk assessments for all included patients. They assessed alone and independently from each other. An intra‐class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to determine the inter‐rater reliability. For the Braden Scale, the ICC values ranged between 0·603 (95% CI: 0·435–0·770) for the item ‘moisture’ and a maximum of 0·964 (95% CI: 0·936–0·982) for the item ‘activity’; for the Norton Scale, the ICC values ranged between 0·595 (95% CI: 0·426–0·764) for the item ‘physical condition’ and a maximum of 0·975 (95% CI: 0·955–0·988) for the item ‘activity’; and for the Waterlow Scale, the ICC values ranged between 0·592 (95% CI: 0·422–0·762) for the item ‘skin type’ and a maximum of 0·990 (95% CI: 0·982–0·995) for the item ‘activity’. The ICC values of total score for three scales of were 0·955 (95% CI: 0·922–0·978), 0·967 (95% CI: 0·943–0·984), and 0·915 (95% CI: 0·855–0·958) for Braden, Norton, and Waterlow scales, respectively. Although the inter‐rater reliability of Braden Scale, Norton Scale and Waterlow Scale total scores were all substantial, the reliability of some items was not so good. The items of ‘moisture’, ‘physical condition’ and ‘skin type’ should be paid more attention. However, some studies are needed to find out high reliable quantitative items to replace these ambiguous items in new designed scales.
Experimentally increased reproductive effort alters telomere length in the blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus)
Authors: Sudyka J. , Arct A. , Drobniak S. , Dubiec A. , Gustafsson L. , Cichoń M. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractTelomeres have recently been suggested to play important role in ageing and are considered to be a reliable ageing biomarkers. The life history theory predicts that costs of reproduction should be expressed in terms of accelerated senescence, and some empirical studies do confirm such presumption. Thus, a link between reproductive effort and telomere dynamics should be anticipated. Recent studies have indeed demonstrated that reproduction may trigger telomere loss, but actual impact of reproductive effort has not received adequate attention in experimental studies. Here, we experimentally manipulated reproductive effort by increasing the brood size in the wild blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus). We show that parents attending enlarged broods experienced larger yearly telomere decay in comparison to control birds attending unaltered broods. In addition, we demonstrate that the change in telomere length differs between sexes, but this effect was independent from our treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first experimental study in the wild revealing that telomere dynamics may be linked to reproductive effort. Thus, telomere shortening may constitute one of the potential proximate mechanisms mediating the costs of reproduction.
Mutational Robustness of Morphological Traits in the Ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila
Authors: Long Hongan , Zufall Rebecca A. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractCiliate nuclear architecture, in particular the sequestration of a transcriptionally silent germline genome, allows for the accumulation of mutations that are “hidden” from selection during many rounds of asexual reproduction. After sexual conjugation, these mutations are expressed, potentially resulting in highly variable phenotypes. Morphological traits are widely used in ciliate taxonomy, however, the extent to which the values of these traits are robust to change in the face of mutation remains largely unknown. In this study, we examine the effects of mutations accumulated in the germline genome to test the mutational robustness of four traits commonly used in ciliate morphological taxonomy (number of somatic kineties, number of postoral kineties, macronuclear size, and cell size). We found that the number of postoral kineties is robust to mutation, confirming that it should be preferentially used in taxonomy. By contrast, we found that, as in other unicellular and multicellular species, cell and macronucleus sizes change in response to mutation. Thus, we argue that cell and macronucleus sizes, which are widely used in taxonomy, should be treated cautiously for species identification. Finally, we found evidence of correlations between cell and macronucleus sizes and fitness, suggesting possible mutational pleiotropy. This study demonstrates the importance of, and methods for, determining mutational robustness to guide morphological taxonomy in ciliates.