bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glutaminase-1 inhibition alleviates senescence of Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells via senolysis
Authors: Lee Eun Joo , Kim Sun Jeong , Jeon Su Yeon , Chung Soobeen , Park Sang Eon , Kim Jae‑Sung , Choi Suk-Joo , Oh Soo-Young , Ryu Gyu Ha , Jeon Hong Bae , Chang Jong Wook 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Replicative senescence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) caused by repeated cell culture undermines their potential as a cell therapy because of the reduction in their proliferation and therapeutic potential. Glutaminase-1 (GLS1) is reported to be involved in the survival of senescent cells, and inhibition of GLS1 alleviates age-related dysfunction via senescent cell removal. In the present study, we attempted to elucidate the association between MSC senescence and GLS1. We conducted in vitro and in vivo experiments to analyze the effect of GLS1 inhibition on senolysis and the therapeutic effects of MSCs. Inhibition of GLS1 in Wharton’s jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs) reduced the expression of aging-related markers, such as p16, p21, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype genes, by senolysis. Replicative senescence-alleviated WJ-MSCs, which recovered after short-term treatment with bis-2-(5-phenylacetamido-1,2,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)ethyl sulfide 3 (BPTES), showed increased proliferation and therapeutic effects compared to those observed with senescent WJ-MSCs. Moreover, compared to senescent WJ-MSCs, replicative senescence-alleviated WJ-MSCs inhibited apoptosis in serum-starved C2C12 cells, enhanced muscle formation, and hindered apoptosis and fibrosis in mdx mice. These results imply that GLS1 inhibition can ameliorate the therapeutic effects of senescent WJ-MSCs in patients with muscle diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy. In conclusion, GLS1 is a key factor in modulating the senescence mechanism of MSCs, and regulation of GLS1 may enhance the therapeutic effects of senescent MSCs, thereby increasing the success rate of clinical trials involving MSCs.
Assessment of synthetic food dye erythrosine induced cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, biochemical and molecular alterations in Allium cepa root meristematic cells: insights from in silico study
Authors: Singh Mandeep , Chadha Pooja 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Synthetic food dyes are being exponentially used in food products and scarce studies regarding their toxicities and safety raise concern. Erythrosine is one of the synthetic food dyes being used in jams, fig, pineapple marmalades, dairy products, soft drinks, pickles, relishes, smoked fish, cheese, ketchup, maraschino cherries and a variety of other foods.

Methodology
In this study the cyto-genotoxic effect of erythrosine was evaluated, using root meristematic cells of Allium cepa for the cellular and molecular alternations at concentrations 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/mL.

Results
The results revealed a significant decrease of 57.81% in the mitotic index after 96 h at the 0.1 mg/mL concentration. In biochemical analysis, the malondialdehyde content increased significantly (5.47-fold), while proline content, catalase activity and superoxide dismutase activity decreased gradually in a concentration-dependent manner showing a maximum decrease of 78.11%, 64.68% and 61.73% respectively at the highest concentration after 96 h duration. The comet assay revealed increased DNA damage with increasing concentration and attenuated total reflectance- Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) analysis showed significant alterations in biomolecules as indicated by multivariate analysis, i.e. Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Furthermore, molecular docking demonstrated a strong binding energy (Gbest = −11.46 kcal/mol) and an inhibition constant (Ki) of 3.96 nM between erythrosine and the DNA minor groove.

Conclusion
The present study’s findings revealed the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of erythrosine on A. cepa root cells. Further, the study also proposed the usefulness of A. cepa as a model system for studying the toxicity of food additives.
Highlights Erythrosine showed prominent cytotoxicity with complete inhibition of mitosis at 0.25 mg/mL conc. High level of genotoxicity revealed by 3.68-fold increment in chromosomal aberrations (CAs) frequency at lowest concentration (0.1 mg/mL). The increased MDA level, reduced CAT, SOD activity and proline content showed significant biochemical changes in antioxidant system. Alternations in biomolecules viz. protein, lipid and nucleic acid region showed by ATR-FITR spectrum and confirmed statistically by multivariate analysis of spectrum. In silico model supports the finding as the lower binding free energy of −11.46 kcal/mol between erythrosine and DNA structure was calculated.
Draft Genome Resource of a Wolbachia Endosymbiont in Heterodera humuli
Authors: Núñez-Rodríguez Lester A. , Wram Catherine L. , Hesse Cedar , Zasada Inga A. 
Published: August 2024

The bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia is known to be associated with different arthropods and only two genera of plant-parasitic nematodes, Pratylenchus and Radopholus. This effort employed a genome skimming approach to discover the presence of endosymbionts in a population of Heterodera humuli sequenced with PacBio long-read sequencing. Wolbachia was found associated with the nematode. The genome of this Wolbachia is 1,051,007 bp and has a GC percentage (32.6%) within the expected range for the genus. A phylogenetic analysis placed the Wolbachia strain from H. humuli in a clade with another nematode-associated Wolbachia strain reported in Texas, with a bootstrap value of 1. To our knowledge, this is the first published report of Wolbachia associated with H. humuli, expanding the known association of this endosymbiont to three genera of plant-parasitic nematodes. This finding will enhance sequence resources for further comparisons of Wolbachia diversity. [Formula: see text] The author(s) have dedicated the work to the public domain under the Creative Commons CC0 “No Rights Reserved” license by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law, 2024.
Lysosomal membrane protein TMEM106B modulates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation by regulating LAMP2A stability
Authors: Guo Di , Xiong Hongbo , Yang Zhongcheng , Zhang Rui , Shi Pengcheng , Yao Yufeng , Liu Mugen , Xu Chengqi , Wang Qing K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are successfully employed for hematological transplantations, and impaired HSPC function causes hematological diseases and aging. HSPCs maintain the lifelong homeostasis of blood and immune cells through continuous self‐renewal and maintenance of the multilineage differentiation potential. TMEM106B is a transmembrane protein localized on lysosomal membranes and associated with neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases; however, its roles in HSPCs and hematopoiesis are unknown. Here, we established tmem106bb−/− knockout (KO) zebrafish and showed that tmem106bb KO reduced the proliferation of HSPCs during definitive hematopoiesis. The differentiation potential of HSPCs to lymphoid lineage was reduced, whereas the myeloid and erythroid differentiation potentials of HPSCs were increased in tmem106bb−/− zebrafish. Similar results were obtained with morpholino knockdown of tmem106bb. Mechanistically, TMEM106B interacted with LAMP2A, the lysosomal associated membrane protein 2A, impaired LAMP2A‐Cathepsin A interaction, and enhanced LAMP2A stability; tmem106bb KO or TMEM106B knockdown caused LAMP2A degradation and impairment of chaperone‐mediated autophagy (CMA). Knockdown of lamp2a caused similar phenotypes to that in tmem106bb−/− zebrafish, and overexpression of lamp2a rescued the impaired phenotypes of HSPCs in tmem106bb−/− embryos. These results uncover a novel molecular mechanism for the maintenance of HSPC proliferation and differentiation through stabilizing LAMP2A via TMEM106B‐LAMP2A interaction.
Cardiovascular responses to experimental weight gain in humans: a feasibility study
Authors: Cseh Domonkos , Middlemiss Jessica E. , Mäki-Petäjä Kaisa M. , Hubsch Annette , Wilkinson Ian B. , McEniery Carmel M. 
Published: August 2024

Objective:
Obesity and hypertension share a well known association. However, the mechanisms underlying their relationship are not well understood. Our goal was to assess the feasibility of a longitudinal, interventional weight gain study with detailed cardiovascular measurements in humans.

Methods:
Sixteen healthy, normotensive, young, male volunteers (28 ± 7 years) were enrolled. Body composition, biochemical and cardiovascular data were obtained at baseline, and after an 8-week period of overfeeding (800–1000 kcal/day). Blood pressure (BP), cardiac output (CO) and peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) were determined, as were the minimum forearm vascular resistance (MFVR), forearm blood flow (FBF) response to mental stress and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters.

Results:
Overfeeding resulted in a median weight gain of 5.6 kg [interquartile range (IQR) 4.6–6.4 kg; P < 0.001]. Seated systolic and diastolic BP were significantly increased by 10 ± 9 and 4 ± 6 mmHg, respectively, after weight gain (P < 0.001 and P = 0.011, respectively). CO also increased and PVR decreased significantly as a result of weight gain (P = 0.032 and P = 0.044, respectively). MFVR was also significantly decreased after weight gain (P = 0.023). The FBF response to mental stress was blunted significantly (P = 0.002), and sympathovagal balance and responsiveness to orthostatic challenge altered moderately after weight gain.

Conclusion:
Our overfeeding regimen resulted in moderate weight gain and significant increases in BP. An increase in CO is likely to be the dominant mechanism underlying the observed BP changes, with decreases in PVR partially compensating for these effects. Experimental weight gain, coupled with detailed cardiovascular phenotyping, is a feasible model to examine potential mechanisms underlying obesity-associated hypertension in young adults.
THE MINI-STEAMROLL
Authors: Pecaku Aurora , El-Sehemy Ahmed , Melo Isabela Martins , Demian Sue Ellen , Andreoli Michael T. , Ramachandran Arun , Muni Rajeev H. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose:
To describe a novel positioning maneuver for patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after pneumatic retinopexy (PnR).

Methods:
Single-center prospective case series of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments referred to St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada, between 2021 and 2023. All patients underwent PnR. Baseline ultra-widefield fundus imaging and repeat imaging 10 minutes after the gas injection was performed. After PnR, patients were instructed to perform the mini-steamroll maneuver, which consists of a face-down position for 10 minutes followed by positioning to the retinal break. The reduction of subretinal fluid volume after the initial face-down position was evaluated with clinical examination and ultra-widefield imaging.

Results:
Six patients who presented with primary bullous rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and a sizable superior break were enrolled. The mini-steamroll maneuver resulted in a rapid and significant reduction of subretinal fluid in all patients with bullous rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and large superior breaks, allowing subretinal fluid to be expressed into the vitreous cavity with 10 minutes of face-down positioning. One patient required a sequential PnR. Primary retinal reattachment was achieved in all cases. This approach was well-tolerated by patients.

Conclusion:
This case series demonstrates that the mini-steamroll maneuver may be a suitable alternative for patient positioning after PnR in certain cases. The mini-steamroll is a simpler positioning regimen with the potential benefits of direct-to-break and full steamroller maneuver.
Serous Choroidal Detachment Associated with Suspected Contralateral Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis
Authors: Choo Dominic M. , Merchant Arjun G. , Wang Angeline L. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose:
To describe a case of choroidal detachment (CD) secondary to cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST).

Methods:
Case report.

Results:
A 73-year-old male with a history of primary open angle glaucoma and pseudophakia presented with retrobulbar pain, blurred vision, and diplopia of the right eye. Exam revealed severe non-hemorrhagic bullous chemosis, tortuous retinal vessels, and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in the right eye. Although computed tomography venography findings initially raised suspicion of a carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF), the diagnostic angiogram showed no such evidence, instead raising concern for cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST). Dilated fundus exam and MRI were notable for multiple serous choroidal detachments in the right eye, which resolved with systemic management of CST and topical steroids.

Conclusion:
The possibility of choroidal detachment during the clinical course of a CST should be recognized. CST may be related to impaired venous drainage that forces transudate into perivascular spaces and results in choroidal effusion.
Japanese spotted fever in an area endemic to SFTS virus: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Liu Su-nan , Li Wei 
Published: August 2024

Rationale:
The geographic spread of Japanese spotted fever (JSF) in China is gradually expanding, particularly in regions where severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is highly prevalent, with both diseases sharing similarities in epidemiology and clinical presentation. The microbiological diagnosis of JSF is challenging, compounded by low awareness among healthcare professionals in newly affected areas. Moreover, primary healthcare facilities without polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing capabilities for SFTS often misdiagnose JSF as SFTS.

Patient concerns:
All 3 patients had a history of working in the fields, with cold like symptoms in the early fever stages, but the fever did not improve after a few days. The accompanying symptoms were also very different. Physical examination revealed enlarged lymph nodes, different forms of rash, with or without eschar. Laboratory tests showed thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, and transaminase, with 1 patient experiencing renal damage. It is worth noting that these 3 patients reside in an area where SFTS is endemic, and there have been no prior reports of JSF. They exhibited clinical symptoms and laboratory test results closely resembling those of SFTS. Therefore, they were initially misdiagnosed with SFTS in their local hospitals.

Diagnoses:
The 3 patients who arrived at our hospital 7 days after symptom onset and were subsequently diagnosed with JSF by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS).

Interventions:
Doxycycline treatment for 1 week.

Outcomes:
The patients’ symptoms quickly improved with no side effects, and the results of laboratory tests went back to normal.

Lessons:
By comparing the clinical characteristics of JSF patients and SFTS patients comprehensively, we found that APTT and procalcitonin levels may be valuable in assisting in the identification of SFTS and JSF. In all areas where tick-borne diseases are endemic, include SFTS-epidemic areas, we recommend using the Weil–Felix test to screen for potential rickettsiosis in patients presenting with fever and thrombocytopenia with or without rash in primary healthcare settings, as well as simultaneous testing for the SFTS virus and spotted fever group rickettsioses sequence. Additionally, mNGS sequencing should be used to confirm the diagnosis and provide information for epidemiological investigations in patients who are suspected of having spotted fever group rickettsiosis.
99mTc-Pertechnetate Scintigraphy Capturing Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa, Intestinal Duplication, and Heterotopic Pancreas in Imaging—A Rare Encounter
Authors: Zhou Yan , Hu Fan , Li Xiang , Li Chongjiao , Xia Xiaotian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A 15-year-old adolescent boy was hospitalized because of abdominal pain. Blood tests indicated inflammation markers were elevated. Fecal occult blood test was weakly positive. CT revealed thickening and edema of the small bowel wall, accompanied by gas density shadows and blurring of fat interstitial spaces. Thus, intestinal perforation and gastrointestinal hemorrhage were suspected. In order to investigate the underlying cause, 99mTc-pertechnetate scintigraphy was performed. A tracer accumulated lesion was presented around the navel, suggestive of heterotopic gastric mucosa. Surprisingly, postoperative pathology confirmed coexistence of heterotopic gastric mucosa, intestinal duplication, and heterotopic pancreas, which was a rare condition.
Motor and Non-Motor Factors of Concern About Falling and Fear of Falling in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Takla Taylor N. , Matsuda Patricia N. , Herring Tracy E. , Daugherty Ana M. , Fritz Nora E. 
Published: August 2024

Background and Purpose:
Despite the frequency of concern about falling (CAF) and fear of falling (FOF) in multiple sclerosis (MS), there remains a lack of clarity between FOF and CAF, though persons with MS have indicated that CAF and FOF are distinct constructs. Our team previously developed and validated a new questionnaire, the Concern and Fear of Falling Evaluation (CAFFE), to assess these concepts. This study aimed to examine CAF and FOF prevalence, and determine relationships among CAF, FOF, and self-reported motor, cognitive, and psychological function in MS relapsing (RRMS) and progressive (PMS) subtypes.

Methods:
In a single online survey, participants with MS completed questions about CAF and FOF, demographic information, the CAFFE, and self-report measures of motor, cognitive, and psychological function.

Results:
A total of 912 individuals completed the survey. Persons with PMS reported greater CAF (80.1%) and FOF (59.1%) than those with RRMS (57.0% and 41.6%, respectively). Persons with PMS endorsing FOF (yes/no) reported greater FOF on the CAFFE, greater avoidance behavior, greater walking impairment, and poorer motor function than people with RRMS (P < 0.001). Self-reported motor function, walking impairment, and avoidance behavior were highly correlated to the CAFFE across the overall sample (P < 0.001).

Discussions and Conclusions:
These findings underscore the disparity between CAF and FOF, emphasize the importance of evaluating CAF and FOF in MS subtypes separately, and highlight both motor and non-motor factors contributing to CAF and FOF. Future work should focus on interventions that incorporate motor, cognitive, and psychological components to address CAF and FOF.

Video Abstract:
for more insights from the authors Supplemental Digital Content available at http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A481.
Intra-articular Therapies for Hand Osteoarthritis: a Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Hung-Lun , Weng Pei-Wei , Pan Chieh-Yu , Ho Ya-Ming , Escorpizo Reuben , Chen Hung-Chou 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
Intra-articular injection therapy for hand osteoarthritis has inconclusive evidence regarding the effectiveness of different regimens. A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to examine the effectiveness of different injectants.

Design
The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, ClinicalKey, and Scopus databases were searched for studies from inception to July 15, 2023. RCTs that applied intra-articular injection to hand osteoarthritis patients were included, and the outcomes of pain scores and functional scales were assessed.

Results
14 RCTs with 674 patients met the inclusion criteria; 11 RCTs were included in the network meta-analysis. Intra-articular injected platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and dextrose significantly improved pain scores (mean difference [MD] = −4.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −6.51 to −1.56 for PRP; MD = −1.06, 95% CI = −2.1 to −0.02 for dextrose) and hand function (standard mean difference [SMD] = −0.93, 95% CI = −1.81 to −0.05 for PRP; SMD = −0.84, 95% CI = −1.58 to −0.09 for dextrose) in the long-term (≥6 months after treatment completion). The ranking probabilities revealed the highest effectiveness of PRP, followed by dextrose. No major adverse effects were reported.

Conclusion
Intra-articular injected PRP and dextrose can be recommended for treating hand osteoarthritis.
Mpox, sexually transmitted infections and combination prevention: insights from a major cohort in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Silva Mayara S.T. , Torres Thiago S. , Coutinho Carolina , Jalil Emilia M. , Yanavich Carolyn , Martins Pedro S. , Bastos Matheus O. , Mesquita Maira B. , Echeverría-Guevara Amanda , Nazer Sandro , Peixoto Eduardo M. , Terra Marcela , Lovetro Ana , Reges Paula P.S. , Meneguetti Maria Roberta , Moreira Ronaldo I. , Lessa Flavia C.S. , Hoagland Brenda , Nunes Estevão P. , Cardoso Sandra Wagner , Veloso Valdilea G. , Grinsztejn Beatriz ,   the INI-Fiocruz Mpox Study Group
Published: August 2024

Objective:
To evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of concurrent bacterial sexually transmitted infections (bSTIs) among individuals with mpox.

Design:
Prospective cohort study of participants aged 18 years or older with confirmed mpox conducted in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This cross-sectional analysis includes only participants who underwent bSTI testing at baseline between June 2022 and January 2024.

Methods:
Participants were offered testing for chlamydia/gonorrhea (NAAT, anorectal swabs) and syphilis (active diagnosis if VDRL ≥ 1/8). Baseline prevalence of bSTIs was calculated, and participant characteristics were described based on concomitant bSTI diagnosis (yes/no). Chi-squared/Fisher's tests were used for qualitative variables, and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for quantitative variables.

Results:
Out of 634 enrolled participants, 538 (84.9%) were tested for STIs and included in this analysis, mostly cisgender men, aged 30–39 years with postsecondary education. Overall prevalence of concomitant bSTI was 37.3%, mainly syphilis, followed by chlamydia and gonorrhea. Half of the participants were living with HIV, and one third was on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis. Concomitant bSTI diagnosis at the time of mpox assessment was associated with being aged 30–39 years, self-identifying as cisgender men, having HIV-positive status, reporting proctitis symptoms and reporting any STI in the past 12 months.

Conclusions:
Our data reveals a notable prevalence of concomitant bSTIs among participants with confirmed mpox at a prominent infectious diseases’ referral center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. These findings underscore the importance of integrating mpox into the differential diagnosis of anogenital manifestations and the promotion of combination prevention strategies within sexual healthcare services.