bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“The mill whistle was blowing and the Germans were coming”
Authors: Tulk Janice 
Published: September 2014

In summer 2007, while conducting maintenance on the mill’s structure, the Corner Brook Pulp and Paper Mill silenced the whistle that had been part of the local “soundscape” (Schafer 1977) for more than eighty years. When the whistle did not return immediately, public outcry was voiced in the local newspaper over the loss of part of the city’s heritage. Its return in December 2007 at half the previous daily frequency provided the impetus for a collection project.While the mill whistle is an important tool that marks the passage of time, regulates the movement of bodies, and signals trouble at the mill (such as a fire), its significance to the community extends beyond the utilitarian. It plays a role in memorialization (sounding on Remembrance Day) and celebration (marking, for example, the end of WWII), and has become a familiar icon for local song-writers and authors alike. This article provides an overview of “The Mill Whistle Project” designed to document the mill whistle in Corner Brook, describes the historic functions of the mill whistle, and identifies alternative uses of the whistle over time. It then interrogates the whistle’s relationship to World War II and Remembrance Day, demonstrating its extension as a community-wide notification system, its mobilization as a means of celebration, and its continuing role in memorialisation.
La mémoire de l’esclavage dans l’espace public
Authors: Augustin Jean Ronald 
Published: September 2014

La problématique de la mémoire de l’esclavage est devenue mondiale. Cette réflexion explore les initiatives de patrimonialisation de la mémoire de l’esclavage à Bordeaux (France) et à Port-au-Prince (Haïti). Elle se base sur l’interprétation des résultats de nos enquêtes de terrain conduites en 2013 à Bordeaux et à Port-au-Prince, des observations participantes et des recherches archivistiques. Il en découle que le patrimoine de la mémoire de l’esclave à Bordeaux se présente comme une thérapie à la stigmatisation morale et une contribution à favoriser le « mieux vivre ensemble » dans une société qui devient de plus en plus créolisée. À Port-au-Prince, il s’inscrit sur les registres de victimisation, de revendications et de sa valorisation et est à la croisée de la volonté de faire le deuil de l’esclavage et l’affirmation de la grandeur du peuple haïtien pour comprendre son univers social.
Récit ethnographique d’une expérience partagée de la fête de San Juan/Inti Raymi à Otavalo (Andes équatoriennes)
Authors: Voirol Jérémie 
Published: September 2014

Cet article constitue une tentative de récit ethnographique qui compte rendre l’expérience vécue de la fête de San Juan/Inti Raymi dans la région d’Otavalo (Andes équatoriennes) de différents acteurs et de l’anthropologue. L’auteur s’essaie à la description minutieuse afin de montrer, à partir d’une perspective pragmatique, le développement des actions dans l’espace et dans le temps, permettant de mettre en évidence le savoir pratique et la créativité de ses interlocuteurs, ainsi que la dimension d’indétermination des situations. Par ce faire, aucune explication sous-jacente ou cachée est recherchée, le sens se trouvant dans la pratique festive même. L’abondance des détails a également pour objectif de faire vivre aux lecteurs les situations et de leur faire prendre conscience de leur caractère complexe et situé.
Tourisme culturel et patrimoine remodelé
Authors: Dautruche Joseph Ronald 
Published: September 2014

Cet article met en avant la dynamique de la mise en valeur du patrimoine culturel immatériel en Haïti dans un contexte touristique. Pour ce faire, nous mobilisons un corpus composé de textes historiques et ethnographiques, de récits de voyages, de documents de projet, de films documentaires ; aussi nous nous sommes appuyés sur des observations directes et des entrevues que nous avons réalisées à Léogâne et à Souvenance (Gonaïves). L’analyse tend à démontrer que loin de chercher à fabriquer des « authenticités » ou mobiliser des éléments du patrimoine culturel haïtien qui seraient vus comme authentiques, les différents acteurs impliqués dans cette dynamique misent de préférence sur des éléments culturels qui font l’objet d’esthétisation ou qu’ils sont en train d’esthétiser. Prenant conscience des contextes dans lesquels certains éléments culturels et patrimoniaux d’Haïti ont été construits, reconnus et valorisés, ils sont en train de les articuler d’une autre manière à travers de nouveaux récits, de nouveaux films, de nouvelles expositions muséales, des représentations théâtrales, des festivals et des activités universitaires. Autrement dit, certains de ces éléments sont en train d’être remodelés avec d’autres discours, voire d’être mobilisés sur un mode performatif. On se trouve dans toute une dynamique de changement de régime de rapport avec les éléments culturels et patrimoniaux d’Haïti alors les héritiers cherchent à mettre ceux-ci au goût du jour. Ce qui ressort de cette lecture c’est la notion de « patrimoine remodelé ».
Detection of a strongly negative surface potential at Saturn's moon Hyperion
Authors: Nordheim T. A. , Jones G. H. , Roussos E. , Leisner J. S. , Coates A. J. , Kurth W. S. , Khurana K. K. , Krupp N. , Dougherty M. K. , Waite J. H. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractOn 26 September 2005, Cassini conducted its only close targeted flyby of Saturn's small, irregularly shaped moon Hyperion. Approximately 6 min before the closest approach, the electron spectrometer (ELS), part of the Cassini Plasma Spectrometer (CAPS) detected a field‐aligned electron population originating from the direction of the moon's surface. Plasma wave activity detected by the Radio and Plasma Wave instrument suggests electron beam activity. A dropout in energetic electrons was observed by both CAPS‐ELS and the Magnetospheric Imaging Instrument Low‐Energy Magnetospheric Measurement System, indicating that the moon and the spacecraft were magnetically connected when the field‐aligned electron population was observed. We show that this constitutes a remote detection of a strongly negative (~ −200 V) surface potential on Hyperion, consistent with the predicted surface potential in regions near the solar terminator.
Ship track observations of a reduced shortwave aerosol indirect effect in mixed‐phase clouds
Authors: Christensen M. W. , Suzuki K. , Zambri B. , Stephens G. L. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAerosol influences on clouds are a major source of uncertainty to our understanding of forced climate change. Increased aerosol can enhance solar reflection from clouds countering greenhouse gas warming. Recently, this indirect effect has been extended from water droplet clouds to other types including mixed‐phase clouds. Aerosol effects on mixed‐phase clouds are important because of their fundamental role on sea ice loss and polar climate change, but very little is known about aerosol effects on these clouds. Here we provide the first analysis of the effects of aerosol emitted from ship stacks into mixed‐phase clouds. Satellite observations of solar reflection in numerous ship tracks reveal that cloud albedo increases 5 times more in liquid clouds when polluted and persist 2 h longer than in mixed‐phase clouds. These results suggest that seeding mixed‐phase clouds via shipping aerosol is unlikely to provide any significant counterbalancing solar radiative cooling effects in warming polar regions.
Effects of magnetic field configuration on the day‐night asymmetry of chorus occurrence rate: A numerical study
Authors: Tao X. , Lu Q. , Wang S. , Dai L. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractEffects of magnetic field configuration on the day‐night asymmetry of chorus occurrence rate are investigated using a recently developed hybrid code. Previous observational studies show that dayside chorus occurs in regions where the background magnetic field is nearly homogeneous; these observations suggest that the magnetic field configuration might play a significant role in the dayside chorus excitation. In this work, we use a hybrid code to numerically study the threshold conditions of hot electron distributions required to excite chorus waves for different background magnetic field inhomogeneities. Our numerical experiments demonstrate that in a magnetic field with smaller inhomogeneity, smaller temperature anisotropy and smaller number density of hot electrons are needed to excite chorus waves. This conclusion could help explain the higher occurrence rate of chorus waves on the dayside compared with that on the nightside especially in quiet times.
Control of periodic variations in Saturn's magnetosphere by compressional waves
Authors: Kivelson Margaret Galland , Jia Xianzhe 
Published: September 2014

AbstractMany of the periodic variations observed in Saturn's magnetosphere can be linked directly to the presence of a rotating pattern of field‐aligned currents that link the northern and southern ionospheres with each other and with the magnetosphere. Such a current system is incorporated in a magnetohydrodynamic simulation that has previously been shown to reproduce many of the observed periodic properties of the system. Here the simulation is used to investigate a range of phenomena that can be attributed to the effects of compressional waves launched from the rotating current sources. The compressional waves are found to drive the flapping of the plasma sheet and the expansion and contraction of the magnetopause in each rotation period. Because the compressional perturbations weaken as they rotate from morning to evening around the dayside of the magnetosphere, the boundary develops a strong morning‐evening asymmetry. A fit to the shape is provided that may be useful in further investigation of magnetopause properties, but there is already evidence of the proposed asymmetry in the observations of Clarke et al. (2010a).
Long‐term trends in thermospheric neutral temperature and density above Millstone Hill
Authors: Oliver W. L. , Holt J. M. , Zhang S.‐R. , Goncharenko L. P. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractIncoherent scatter radar measurements of ionospheric temperature and density collected above Millstone Hill over the years 1976–2013 are analyzed to show the long‐term trends in noontime neutral temperature and neutral O density over the height region 120–500 km. Exospheric temperature cooled by 69.3 ± 6.4 K over the period, an order of magnitude greater than that expected from greenhouse gas action. The O density dropped 0.081 ± 5.6% at 400 km altitude but rose by 36.9 ± 5.0% at 120 km over this period. This trend in density at 400 km agrees with that determined from satellite drag. The increase in density at 120 km counteracts the thermal contraction of the thermosphere expected to be associated with the cooling, resulting in only a small density response at 400 km. The long‐term O density increase at 120 km may be caused by a long‐term descent of the turbopause height of 4.2 km. Such a descent has been documented by a series of rocket mass spectrometer measurements.
Synthesis of 2‐Substituted Indoles through Visible Light‐Induced Photocatalytic Cyclizations of Styryl Azides
Authors: Xia Xu‐Dong , Xuan Jun , Wang Qiang , Lu Liang‐Qiu , Chen Jia‐Rong , Xiao Wen‐Jing 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA visible light‐induced photocatalytic intramolecular cyclization of styryl azides has been developed in the presence of the ruthenium complex Ru(bpy)3Cl2 (0.5 mol%) as photocatalyst at room temperature. The present photocatalytic strategy features operational simplicity as well as high functional group tolerance, and provides a facile access to various 2‐substituted N‐free indoles in good to excellent yields. Importantly, the present process can employ sunlight as the light source to afford the corresponding products without loss of reaction efficiency.magnified image
Carbon Nitride‐Catalyzed Photoredox Sakurai Reactions and Allylborations
Authors: Möhlmann Lennart , Blechert Siegfried 
Published: September 2014

AbstractWithin the last couple of years, the photocatalytic, oxidative CC coupling has grown to a well‐established methodology, especially for the modification of aryl‐substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives. However, until now, this reaction is mainly restricted to the usage of strong nucleophiles like nitroalkanes, cyanides, enamines, phosphonates and malonates. Within this publication we present an extension of such a method towards the application of weaker nucleophiles, namely allylstannanes, allylsilanes and allylboranes. Therefore, a very simple protocol was invented, using heterogeneous mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (mpg‐C3N4) as catalyst and air as oxidizing agent, leading to high yields for a broad range of substrates.magnified image
Tetraphenylporphyrin‐Catalyzed Tandem Photooxygenation of Polyenes and 1,4‐Dienes: Multiple and Diverse Oxyfunctionalizations
Authors: Griesbeck Axel G. , de Kiff Alan , Kleczka Margarethe 
Published: September 2014

AbstractTandem singlet oxygen reactions photocatalyzed by meso‐tetraphenylporphyrin were performed with substrates designed for primary α‐gem‐selectivity or high vinylogous gem‐selectivity. The 1,3,5‐triene ester 1 was designed as a model compound for the natural compound crocin and resulted in a highly regioselective singlet oxygen ene reaction with ε‐hydrogen activation (93:7 ene vs. [4+2] cycloaddition). The initially formed hydroperoxide 2a adds another singlet oxygen molecule in a slower reaction step to furnish the endoperoxide 3a. From the hydroperoxide stage, oxygen transfer gives the epoxide 4, reduction leads to the allylic alcohol 2b and subsequent photooxygenation (to 3b) followed by reduction results in the furan derivative 5. The allylic alcohol could also be reacted with other dienophiles as shown for the PTAD adduct 6. From the 1,4‐diene 7, a gem‐regioselective singlet oxygen ene reaction generates a mixture of the hydroperoxides 8a and 9a. Product 8a adds another singlet oxygen molecule to give the endoperoxide 10a. Catalyst activity was demonstrated by analysis of the changes in the electronic absorption properties.magnified image
Dual Photoredox and Gold Catalysis: Intermolecular Multicomponent Oxyarylation of Alkenes
Authors: Hopkinson Matthew N. , Sahoo Basudev , Glorius Frank 
Published: September 2014

AbstractIntermolecular three‐component oxyarylation reactions of simple alkenes have been developed using a dual gold and photoredox catalytic system. Inexpensive organic dyes could be employed as the photocatalyst using aryldiazonium salts, while the combination of gold and iridium catalysts allowed for diaryliodonium compounds to be employed as the source of the arene coupling partner. In both cases, α‐arylated ether products were generated under remarkably mild conditions using readily accessible visible light sources.magnified image
A Cascade Cross‐Coupling and in Situ Hydrogenation Reaction by Visible Light Catalysis
Authors: Zhong Jian‐Ji , Wu Cheng‐Juan , Meng Qing‐Yuan , Gao Xue‐Wang , Lei Tao , Tung Chen‐Ho , Wu Li‐Zhu 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAn elegant cascade cross‐coupling and in situ hydrogenation reaction has been established by visible light catalysis. Combining cheap and earth‐abundant eosin Y as a photosensitizer and the cobalt chloride complex, Co(dmgH)2Cl2 (dmgH=dimethylglyoximate), as a catalyst, the desired oxidative cross‐coupling products and reductive hydrogenation products could be achieved in good to excellent yields without use of any external oxidants and reductants under visible light irradiation.magnified image
Visible Light Photocatalytic Reduction of O‐Thiocarbamates: Development of a Tin‐Free Barton–McCombie Deoxygenation Reaction
Authors: Chenneberg Ludwig , Baralle Alexandre , Daniel Marion , Fensterbank Louis , Goddard Jean‐Philippe , Ollivier Cyril 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe Barton–McCombie deoxygenation is one of the most important transformations in the toolbox of organic chemists which has been the subject of a number of methodological developments. In this study, we report a photocatalyzed redox deoxygenation of secondary and tertiary alcohols from thiocarbamate precursors under visible light activation. The iridium complex Ir(ppy)3 proved to be the most efficient catalyst in the presence of Hünig’s base as sacrifial electron donor. A mechanistic investigation is presented based on fluorescence quenching experiments and cyclic voltammetry.magnified image
Molar crown inner structural organization in Javanese Homo erectus
Authors: Zanolli Clément 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTThis contribution investigates the inner organizational pattern (tooth tissue proportions and enamel–dentine junction morphology) of seven Homo erectus permanent molar crowns from the late Lower‐early Middle Pleistocene Kabuh Formation of the Sangiran Dome (Central Java, Indonesia). The previous study of their external characteristics confirmed the degree of time‐related structural reduction occurred in Javanese H. erectus, and also revealed a combination of nonmetric features which are rare in the Lower and early Middle Pleistocene dental record, but more frequently found in recent humans. In accordance with their outer occlusal morphology, the specimens exhibit a set of derived internal features, such as thick to hyperthick enamel, an incomplete expression of the crest patterns at the enamel–dentine junction (EDJ) level, a sharp EDJ topography. As a whole, these features differ from those expressed in some penecontemporaneous specimens/samples representing African H. erectus/ergaster and H. heidelbergensis, as well as in Neanderthals, but occur in recent human populations. Further research in virtual dental paleoanthropology to be developed at macroregional scale would clarify the polarity and intensity of the intermittent exchanges between continental and insular Southeast Asia around the Lower to Middle Pleistocene boundary, as well as should shed light on the still poorly understood longitudinal evolutionary dynamics across continental Asia. Am J Phys Anthropol 156:148–157, 2015 © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Independent risk factors for a complicated hospital course in intensive care unit overdose patients
Authors: Tarui Takehiko , Yoshikawa Kei , Miyakuni Yasuhiko , Kaita Yasuhiko , Tamada Nao , Matsuda Taketo , Miyauchi Hiroshi , Yamada Kenji , Matsuda Takeaki , Yamaguchi Yoshihiro 
Published: September 2014

AimThe purpose of the present study was to identify risk factors associated with a complicated hospital course in overdose patients admitted to the intensive care unit.MethodsA total of 335 overdose patients were retrospectively studied in the surgical and medical intensive care unit of an academic tertiary hospital. Factors possibly associated with a complicated hospital course were evaluated. Complicated hospital course was defined as the occurrence of pneumonia, rhabdomyolysis, decubitus ulcer, nerve palsy, prolonged intubation, prolonged hospitalization, or death.ResultsOf the 335 overdose patients, 93 (27.8%) had a complicated hospital course. Complicated hospital course was found to be associated with a high number of ingested pills (median, 135 [interquartile range, 78–240] versus 84 [53–134] tablets, P < 0.0001), low Glasgow Coma Scale score on admission (7 [3–11] versus 13 [8–15], P < 0.0001), and a high serum lactate level on admission (1.8 [1.0–3.0] versus 1.4 [0.9–2.0] mg/dL, P < 0.01) on univariate analysis of these factors in patients with and without a complicated hospital course. The independent risk factors for a complicated hospital course identified on multivariate analysis were a high number of ingested pills (≥100 tablets), low admission Glasgow Coma Scale score (<9), and high serum lactate on admission (≥2.0 mg/dL). The probability of a complicated hospital course for patients with 0, 1, 2, or all 3 independent risk factors were 7%, 22%, 40%, and 81%, respectively.ConclusionThe total number of ingested pills, admission Glasgow Coma Scale score, and serum lactate level on admission are predictive of a complicated hospital course in overdose patients admitted to the intensive care unit.
Nickel(II)‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Propargyl and Allyl Claisen Rearrangements to Allenyl‐ and Allyl‐Substituted β‐Ketoesters
Authors: Liu Yangbin , Hu Haipeng , Zheng Haifeng , Xia Yong , Liu Xiaohua , Lin Lili , Feng Xiaoming 
Published: September 2014

AbstractHighly efficient catalytic asymmetric Claisen rearrangements of O‐propargyl β‐ketoesters and O‐allyl β‐ketoesters have been accomplished under mild reaction conditions. In the presence of the chiral N,N′‐dioxide/NiII complex, a wide range of allenyl/allyl‐substituted all‐carbon quaternary β‐ketoesters was obtained in generally good yield (up to 99 %) and high diastereoselectivity (up to 99:1 d.r.) with excellent enantioselectivity (up to 99 % ee).
Control of Silver(I)–Dialkyl Chalcogenide Coordination by a Synthetic Cavity
Authors: Kohyama Yuh , Murase Takashi , Fujita Makoto 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe discrete cavity of a self‐assembled palladium–tris(4‐pyridyl)triazine cage dictates the ratio of metal, ligand, and a non‐coordinative molecule in the formation of silver(I)–dialkyl chalcogenide (Et, nBu; S, Se) complexes and defines their coordination arrangement.
Bacterial Reaction Centers Purified with Styrene Maleic Acid Copolymer Retain Native Membrane Functional Properties and Display Enhanced Stability
Authors: Swainsbury David J. K. , Scheidelaar Stefan , van Grondelle Rienk , Killian J. Antoinette , Jones Michael R. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractIntegral membrane proteins often present daunting challenges for biophysical characterization, a fundamental issue being how to select a surfactant that will optimally preserve the individual structure and functional properties of a given membrane protein. Bacterial reaction centers offer a rare opportunity to compare the properties of an integral membrane protein in different artificial lipid/surfactant environments with those in the native bilayer. Here, we demonstrate that reaction centers purified using a styrene maleic acid copolymer remain associated with a complement of native lipids and do not display the modified functional properties that typically result from detergent solubilization. Direct comparisons show that reaction centers are more stable in this copolymer/lipid environment than in a detergent micelle or even in the native membrane, suggesting a promising new route to exploitation of such photovoltaic integral membrane proteins in device applications.
Reverse Spin‐Crossover and High‐Pressure Kinetics of the Heme Iron Center Relevant for the Operation of Heme Proteins under Deep‐Sea Conditions
Authors: Troeppner Oliver , Lippert Rainer , Shubina Tatyana E. , Zahl Achim , Jux Norbert , Ivanović‐Burmazović Ivana 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBy design of a heme model complex with a binding pocket of appropriate size and flexibility, and by elucidating its kinetics and thermodynamics under elevated pressures, some of the pressure effects are demonstrated relevant for operation of heme‐proteins under deep‐sea conditions. Opposite from classical paradigms of the spin‐crossover and reaction kinetics, a pressure increase can cause deceleration of the small‐molecule binding to the vacant coordination site of the heme‐center in a confined space and stabilize a high‐spin state of its Fe center. This reverse high‐pressure behavior can be achieved only if the volume changes related to the conformational transformation of the cavity can offset the volume changes caused by the substrate binding. It is speculated that based on these criteria nature could make a selection of structures of heme pockets that assist in reducing metabolic activity and enzymatic side reactions under extreme pressure conditions.