bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microscopic state equation for oscillator chains
Authors: Di Florio Vincenzo , Giberti Claudio , Rondoni Lamberto , Zhao Hong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSystems allowing anomalous transport of mass, momentum energy, etc., such as low-dimensional particles systems or highly confining media, are hard to characterize thermodynamically. Indeed, local thermodynamic equilibrium may not be established and their behaviour often strongly depends on many microscopic parameters, including the symmetry of the interaction potentials. Thermodynamic state equations, on the other hand, involve a small set of observables, which are obtained averaging in time and over the large number of particles that populate mesoscopic cells in which local equilibrium can be realized. In this work we show that a linear relation discovered earlier, that connects the average distance between pairs of consecutive particles with their kinetic energy, applies to quite a large set of 1-dimensional particle systems known to produce anomalous transport. This relation is microscopic in nature, since the quantities involved are neither averaged over many particles, neither over very large times. Nevertheless, its robustness is under variations of the external parameters, and the limited set of quantities it involves qualify it as a state equation, analogously to thermodynamic relations. We provide conditions for which the relation can be violated within a limited range of parameters values, and we find that it can be extended to two-dimensional networks of coupled oscillators. The validity of this relation further shows that the states of aggregation of matter in low-dimensional systems are often different from standard macroscopic ones.
Javanese part-of-speech tagging using cross-lingual transfer learning
Authors: Enrique Gabriel , Alfina Ika , Yulianti Evi 
Published: July 2024

<span dir="ltr">Large datasets that are publicly available for POS tagging do not always exist </span><span dir="ltr">for some languages. </span><span dir="ltr">One of those languages is Javanese, a local language in </span><span dir="ltr">Indonesia, which is considered as a low-resource language. This research aims </span><span dir="ltr">to examine the effectiveness of cross-lingual transfer learning for Javanese POS </span><span dir="ltr">tagging by fine-tuning the state-of-the-art Transformer-based models (such as </span><span dir="ltr">IndoBERT, mBERT, and XLM-RoBERTa) using different kinds of source lan</span><span dir="ltr">guages that have a higher resource (such as Indonesian, English, Uyghur, Latin, </span><span dir="ltr">and Hungarian languages), and then fine-tuning it again using the Javanese lan</span><span dir="ltr">guage as the target language. We found that the models using cross-lingual trans</span><span dir="ltr">fer learning can increase the accuracy of the models without using cross-lingual </span><span dir="ltr">transfer learning by 14.3%–15.3% over LSTM-based models, and by 0.21%–</span><span dir="ltr">3.95% over Transformer-based models. Our results show that the most accurate </span><span dir="ltr">Javanese POS tagger model is XLM-RoBERTa that is fine-tuned in two stages </span><span dir="ltr">(the first one using Indonesian language as the source language, and the second </span><span dir="ltr">one using Javanese language as the target language), capable of achieving an </span><span dir="ltr">accuracy of 87.65%</span>
Translating phenotypic prediction models from big to small anatomical MRI data using meta-matching
Authors: Wulan Naren , An Lijun , Zhang Chen , Kong Ru , Chen Pansheng , Bzdok Danilo , Eickhoff Simon B. , Holmes Avram J. , Yeo B.T. Thomas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Individualized phenotypic prediction based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important goal in neuroscience. Prediction performance increases with larger samples, but small-scale datasets with fewer than 200 participants are often unavoidable. We have previously proposed a “meta-matching” framework to translate models trained from large datasets to improve the prediction of new unseen phenotypes in small collection efforts. Meta-matching exploits correlations between phenotypes, yielding large improvement over classical machine learning when applied to prediction models using resting-state functional connectivity as input features. Here, we adapt the two best performing meta-matching variants (“meta-matching finetune” and “meta-matching stacking”) from our previous study to work with T1-weighted MRI data by changing the base neural network architecture to a 3D convolution neural network. We compare the two meta-matching variants with elastic net and classical transfer learning using the UK Biobank (N = 36,461), the Human Connectome Project Young Adults (HCP-YA) dataset (N = 1,017), and the HCP-Aging dataset (N = 656). We find that meta-matching outperforms elastic net and classical transfer learning by a large margin, both when translating models within the same dataset and when translating models across datasets with different MRI scanners, acquisition protocols, and demographics. For example, when translating a UK Biobank model to 100 HCP-YA participants, meta-matching finetune yielded a 136% improvement in variance explained over transfer learning, with an average absolute gain of 2.6% (minimum = –0.9%, maximum = 17.6%) across 35 phenotypes. Overall, our results highlight the versatility of the meta-matching framework.
The trouble with free-water elimination using single-shell diffusion MRI data: A case study in ageing
Authors: Correia Marta M. , Henriques Rafael Neto , Golub Marc , Winzeck Stefan , Nunes Rita G. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Free-water elimination (FWE) modelling for diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can be used to estimate the free-water (FW) volume fraction, as well as FW-compensated DTI parameters. Single-shell (SS) diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisitions are more common in clinical cohorts due to time constraints, but the FWE-DTI model is a two-compartment model, hence only well posed for multi-shell (MS) data. A regularised gradient descent (RGD) method is often applied to SS datasets and has been used to study healthy ageing, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, amongst others, largely ignoring the methodological limitations of this approach. In this study, we compared the performance of RGD fitting with SS data, to a non-linear least squares (NLS) fitting applied to MS data, using simulations and data from 620 participants aged 18 to 88 years. Consistent with previous studies, our simulations show that RGD fitting using SS data flattens the relationship between mean diffusivity (MD) estimates and their ground truth values, and introduces an artificial positive correlation between fractional anisotropy (FA) estimates and the underlying tissue ground truth MD. Neither of these biases were observed when NLS fitting was applied to MS data. In human data, a smaller number of significant voxels with positive correlations between MD and age were observed when the RGD SS algorithm was used, which is consistent with the flattening of MD profiles observed in simulations. FW-compensated FA maps produced strikingly different results depending on the method employed: the maps obtained with RGD SS identified some brain areas with a strong positive association with age, while no such positive correlations were found with MS NLS. While similar positive correlations between age and FW-compensated FA maps obtained with SS RGD have been reported, these results are only replicated when the RGD SS was used, suggesting that this apparent FA increase was likely an artefact introduced by inappropriate modelling using SS data. Our study, therefore, suggests that previous findings reported in the literature using the RGD approach should be interpreted with extreme care.
“Iliacus muscle abscess as an unexpected cause of posterior hip pain in a healthy young adult female”: a case report
Authors: Huang Caleb Weihao , Yeo Mathew Yi Wen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Iliacus muscle abscess is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening condition that can present with nonspecific symptoms, posing diagnostic challenges. This case report highlights the importance of considering iliopsoas abscess in patients presenting with fever and hip pain, especially in the absence of obvious risk factors or penetrating trauma. The novelty of this case lies in its atypical presentation mimicking a respiratory viral infection and musculoskeletal injury, impeding accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.

Case Presentation
A previously healthy 21-year-old female who had a mechanical fall 3 weeks prior presented with fever, right hip pain, and respiratory symptoms, initially suggestive of a respiratory infection and musculoskeletal injury. However, initial investigations revealing a markedly high C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration prompted further computed tomography (CT) imaging of her abdomen and pelvis, which uncovered an iliopsoas abscess presumably stemming from antecedent trauma. Subsequent CT guided aspiration along with culture-sensitive antibiotics led to successful treatment and resolution of her symptoms.

Conclusions
This case emphasizes the importance of considering iliopsoas abscess as a possible differential, even in young patients without typical risk factors. Markedly elevated inflammatory markers such as CRP concentrations can serve as a vital indicator, directing attention towards the possibility of septicemia or the presence of an occult abscess, facilitating prompt imaging and accurate diagnosis.
Paediatric Uveitis - the uniqueness in clinical presentation and the efficacy of biologics treatment
Authors: Yiu Mei Kwan , Ho Mary , Ho Assunta C.H. , Chan Winnie K.Y. , Yung Wing , Yip Wilson W.K. , Young Alvin L. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aims
To evaluate unique clinical characteristics of paediatric uveitis in our locality and treatment outcomes especially the efficacy of biologics.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort.

Results
37 paediatric uveitis cases involving 67 eyes were included. Male-to-female ratio was 1:1.3. Mean age of uveitis onset was 11 ± 3.7 (4–18). 81.1% cases suffered from bilateral uveitis. 75.7% cases were chronic uveitis. Nearly half of the cases (40.5%) presented with anterior uveitis. The predominant diagnosis of uveitis in our cohort was idiopathic. Unlike studies from other populations, the associated systemic conditions in this mostly Chinese cohort were Behçet’s disease (8.1%), tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (8.1%) and HLA-B27 associated uveitis (8.1%). Steroid response was a common phenomenon, observed in 40.5% of cases. The most common complication was posterior synechiae (45.9%), followed by cataract (37.8%), glaucoma (27.0%), band keratopathy (18.9%) and macular oedema (13.5%). 3/37 patients encountered either first attack of uveitis or flare after receiving COVID-19 vaccine. 54.1% of patients required systemic steroid for disease control. The majority required steroid sparing immunotherapy, including Methotrexate (43.2%), Mycophenolate Mofetil (24.3%), Cyclosporine A (8.1%), Azathioprine (5.4%) and Tacrolimus (2.7%). Resistant cases required biologics including tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (Adalimumab 32.4%, Infliximab 2.7%) and interleukin-6 inhibitors (Tocilizumab 2.7%).

Conclusions
Clinical presentation of the local paediatric uveitis differs from previously described features in Caucasian and other populations. According to our experience as a tertiary eye centre, Behçet’s disease, tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis and HLA-B27 associated uveitis were more often encountered than Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis associated uveitis. Our report evaluated the efficacy of immunomodulatory therapy and biologics in controlling uveitis and reducing ocular complications.
Microglia mediate the increase in slow-wave sleep associated with high ambient temperature
Authors: Hatori Sena , Matsui Futaba , Zhou Zhiwen , Norimoto Hiroaki 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn increase in ambient temperature leads to an increase in sleep. However, the mechanisms behind this phenomenon remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of microglia in the increase of sleep caused by high ambient temperature. We confirmed that at 35 °C, slow-wave sleep was significantly increased relative to those observed at 25 °C. Notably, this effect was abolished upon treatment with PLX3397, a CSF1R inhibitor that can deplete microglia, while sleep amount at 25 °C was unaffected. These observations suggest that microglia play a pivotal role in modulating the homeostatic regulation of sleep in response to the fluctuations in ambient temperature.
Test-based measurement of skill mismatch: a validation of five different measurement approaches using the NEPS
Authors: Bischof Stephan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSkill mismatch is a key indicator of labour market research that has received significant attention. To date, various approaches of test-based measurement of skill mismatch have been used in research, generating differing results. However, it remains unclear which method is the most valid for measuring skill mismatch. This study provides a comparative validation of five commonly used approaches to test-based measurement of skill mismatches in reading and mathematics to detect the most valid method. Drawing on the 2016 wave of the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS) Adult Cohort, I find significantly varying distributions for the different measurement approaches, and highly valid skill mismatch measures for the statistical and the mixed approach. Overall, the mixed approach emerges as the most valid method. The findings highlight the critical importance of measurement approaches in skill mismatch research.
Harlequin syndrome in a patient with probable hemicrania continua and exertional headache – is there a link? a case report
Authors: Miedl Markus , Baumgartner Philipp , Disse Leah Raffaela , Weber Konrad Peter , Pohl Heiko , Wegener Susanne 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The harlequin syndrome is a rare disorder of the autonomic nervous system characterized by unilateral diminished flushing and sweating of the face following exposure to heat or physical activity. It results from sympathetic dysfunction and most commonly occurs idiopathically. A secondary development due to an underlying pathology (e.g., carotid artery dissection, tumors) must be excluded at first appearance. There is evidence that the cranial autonomic system is involved in the pathophysiology of trigeminal autonomic headaches like hemicrania continua. Therefore, an overlap in the pathophysiology of harlequin syndrome and trigeminal autonomic headache disorders seems plausible. However, the association of a harlequin syndrome with hemicrania continua was never reported.

Case presentation
This work describes the case of a 42‐year‐old female patient presenting to our headache unit. The patient reported persisting unilateral headache of the right side of dragging or squeezing character accompanied by trigeminal autonomic symptoms, including lacrimation, nasal congestion, conjunctival injection and Horner’s syndrome, and was responsive to treatment with 75mg/d indomethacin. Five months after the initial consultation, the patient noted that the upper right quadrant of her face was pale after jogging. A harlequin syndrome was diagnosed. Further, she developed a short-lasting, bilateral headache of pulsatile character during strenuous exercise consistent with exertional headache. Comprehensive diagnostic evaluations, encompassing cranial and cervical MRI scans, laboratory tests, and biopsies, culminated in the diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome. This finding suggests that the trigemino-autonomic dysfunction may either be idiopathic or a direct manifestation of Sjögren’s syndrome.

Conclusions
This report documents the case of a rare combination of a headache resembling probable hemicrania continua and the harlequin syndrome (and even exertional headache). It illustrates the underlying anatomy of the autonomic nervous system in a clinical context and emphasizes the hypothesis of a pathophysiological link between abnormal sympathetic activity and trigeminal autonomic headaches.
Acute pancreatitis and refractory hypercalcemia in the third trimester caused by parathyroid carcinoma
Authors: Nie Qingwen , Ouyang Shunlin , He Fang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Hypercalcemia can be a rare contributor to acute pancreatitis (AP) in pregnancy. This is primarily due to primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), resulting from parathyroid carcinoma. We exhibited a case report to analyze the diagnosis and treatment during the onset of hypercalcemia-induced AP.

Case presentation
A 32-year-old primigravida presented with acute pancreatitis near full-term gestation. Following a cesarean delivery, there was a reduction in serum amylase and peripancreatic exudate, but her serum calcium concentrations persistently elevated over 4.0 mmol/L. Interventions to lower the hypercalcemia were only temporarily effective, until a high serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentration of 1404 pg/mL was detected. Ultrasound revealed a 31 mm × 24 mm hypoechoic oval nodule in the left lower lobe of the thyroid gland. She underwent a parathyroidectomy, resulting in a dramatic decrease in serum PTH level, from preoperative levels of 2051 pg/mL to 299 pg/mL just 20 minutes after removal. Similarly, her serum calcium declined from 3.82 mmol/L to 1.73 mmol/L within 24 hours postoperatively. The final histopathology suggested parathyroid carcinoma.

Conclusion
When refractory hypercalcemia is present, serum PTH levels should be measured to determine PHPT. Parathyroidectomy is the optimal strategy for alleviating hypercalcemia and clarifying the underlying pathology.
Causal association between skin cancer and immune cells: mendelian randomization (MR) study
Authors: Yin Wei , Li Ruilei , Zhang Zhaoqi , Wang Ying , Tang Xinghua , Zhu Lin , Yao Hong , Li Ke 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Numerous meta-analyses and clinical studies have shown that subtypes of immune cells are associated with the development of skin cancer, but it is not clear whether this association is causal or biased. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis reduces the effect of confounding factors and improves the accuracy of the results when compared to traditional studies. Thus, in order to examine the causal relationship between various immune cell and skin cancer, this study employs two-sample MR.

Methods
This study assesses the causal association between 731 immune cell characteristics and skin cancer using a two-sample Mendel randomization (MR) methodology. Multiple MR methods were used to bias and to derive reliable estimates of causality between instrumental variables and outcomes. Comprehensive sensitivity analyses were used to validate the stability, heterogeneity and horizontal multiplicity of the results.

Results
We discovered that potential causal relationships between different types of immune cells and skin cancer disease. Specifically, one type of immune cell as potentially causal to malignant melanoma of skin (MM), eight different types of immune cells as potentially causal to basal cell carcinoma (BCC), four different types of immune cells as potentially causal to actinic keratosis (AK), and no different types of immune cells were found to have a potential causal association with squamous cell carcinoma(SCC), with stability in all of the results.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates the close connection between immune cells and skin cancer disease by genetic means, which enriches the current knowledge about the role of immune cells in skin cancer and also contributes to the design of therapeutic strategies from an immunological perspective.
Effect of PR status on the prognosis of advanced ER-high HER2-negative breast cancer patients receiving CDK4/6 inhibitor combined with endocrine as first-line therapy
Authors: Jia Lin , Peng Junning , Sun Nan , Chen Hongying , Liu Zhenyu , Zhao Wenhui , Zhang Qingyuan , Li Liru 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of progesterone receptor (PR) status on the prognosis of advanced estrogen receptor (ER)-high human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer patients receiving CDK4/6 inhibitor combined with endocrine as first-line therapy.

Methods
Advanced ER-high HER2-negative breast cancer patients who were admitted to Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital and received cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)4/6 inhibitor combined with endocrine as first-line therapy were included for analysis. Patients were divided into PR-high group (11-100%), PR-low group (1-10%), and PR-negative group (< 1%) according to the expression of PR. Chi-square test was used to analyze the correlation of variables between groups. COX regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors of survival. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to analyze the differences of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between groups.

Results
Among the 152 patients, 72 were PR-high, 32 were PR-low, and 48 were PR-negative. Compared with PR-negative group, the proportions of disease-free survival (DFS) ≥ 5 years and Ki-67 index ≤ 30% in PR-low group and PR-high group were significant higher. PR-negative patients were more likely to occur first-line progression of disease within 24 months (POD24) than PR-high(P = 0.026). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that PR-negative and first-line POD24 occurrence were risk factors for survival. Survival curve analysis showed that compared with PR-high group, the PFS and OS were significantly lower in PR-negative group (P = 0.001, P = 0.036, respectively). Patients with first-line POD24 had shorter OS in the overall population as well as in subgroups stratified by PR status.

Conclusions
PR-negative and first-line POD24 occurrence were risk factors of advanced ER-high HER2-negative breast cancer patients receiving CDK4/6 inhibitor combined with endocrine as first-line therapy. PR-negative patients had shortest PFS and OS. Regardless of PR status, first-line POD24 occurrence predicted shorter OS.
LncRNA SH3PXD2A-AS1 facilitates cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer by regulating FOXM1 succinylation
Authors: Chen Yunfeng , Wu Siyan , Han Yu , Shi Hai , Yuan Jieqing , Cui Wenjie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play vital regulatory functions in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Cisplatin (DDP) resistance has significantly decreased the effectiveness of DDP-based chemotherapy in NSCLC patients. This study aimed to investigate the effects of SH3PXD2A antisense RNA 1 (SH3PXD2A-AS1) on DDP resistance in NSCLC.

Methods
Proliferation and apoptosis of DDP-resistant NSCLC cells were detected using cell counting kit-8 and flow cytometry assays. The interaction between SH3PXD2A-AS1 and sirtuin 7 (SIRT7) was assessed using co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization, and immunofluorescence assays, while succinylation (SUCC) of Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) was analyzed by IP and Western blot assays. The role of SH3PXD2A-AS1 in vivo was explored using a xenografted tumor model.

Results
Expression of SH3PXD2A-AS1 was found elevated in DDP-resistant NSCLC cells, while it’s knocking down translated into suppression of cell viability and promotion of apoptosis. Moreover, silencing of SH3PXD2A-AS1 resulted in decreased FOXM1 protein level and enhanced FOXM1-SUCC protein level. The SIRT7 was found to interact with FOXM1, translating into inhibition of FOXM1 SUCC at the K259 site in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells. Overexpressing of SIRT7 reversed the increase of FOXM1-SUCC protein level and apoptosis, and the decrease of cell viability induced by silencing of SH3PXD2A-AS1. In tumor-bearing mice, SH3PXD2A-AS1 inhibition suppressed tumor growth and the protein levels of Ki67, SIRT7, and FOXM1.

Conclusion
SH3PXD2A-AS1 promoted DDP resistance in NSCLC cells by regulating FOXM1 SUCC via SIRT7, offering a promising therapeutic approach for NSCLC.