bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Abnormally Strong Westward Phase of the Mesospheric Semiannual Oscillation at Low Latitudes During March Equinox 2023
Authors: Suclupe Jose , Chau Jorge L. , Conte J. Federico , Pedatella Nicholas M. , Garcia Rolando , Sato Kaoru , Zülicke Christoph , Lima Lourivaldo M. , Li Guozhu , Bhaskara Rao S. Vijaya , Ratnam M. Venkat , Rodriguez Rodolfo , Scipion Danny 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDifferent meteor radars at low latitudes observed abnormally strong westward mesospheric winds around the March Equinox of 2023, that is, during the first phase of the Mesospheric Semiannual Oscillation. This event was the strongest of at least the last decade (2014–2023). The westward winds reached −80 m/s at 82 km of altitude in late March, and decreased with increasing altitude and latitude. A considerable increase in the diurnal tide amplitude was also observed. The Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere‐ionosphere eXtension constrained to meteorological reanalysis up to ∼50 km does not capture the observed low‐latitude behavior. Additionally, these strong mesospheric winds developed during the westerly phase of the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation, in accordance with the filtering mechanism of gravity waves in the stratosphere proposed in previous works. Finally, analysis of SABER temperatures strongly suggests that the breaking of the migrating diurnal tide may be the main driver of these strong winds.
Delayed definitive management of localized prostate cancer: what do we know?
Authors: Mohamad Osama , Li Yun Rose , Feng Felix , Hong Julian C. , Wong Anthony , El Kouzi Zakaria , Shelan Mohamed , Zilli Thomas , Carroll Peter , Roach Mack 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDelays in the work-up and definitive management of patients with prostate cancer are common, with logistics of additional work-up after initial prostate biopsy, specialist referrals, and psychological reasons being the most common causes of delays. During the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent surges, timing of definitive care delivery with surgery or radiotherapy has become a topic of significant concern for patients with prostate cancer and their providers alike. In response, recommendations for the timing of definitive management of prostate cancer with radiotherapy and radical prostatectomy were published but without a detailed rationale for these recommendations. While the COVID-19 pandemic is behind us, patients are always asking the question: “When should I start radiation or undergo surgery?” In the absence of level I evidence specifically addressing this question, we will hereby present a narrative review to summarize the available data on the effect of treatment delays on oncologic outcomes for patients with localized prostate cancer from prospective and retrospective studies.
MFGE8 promotes adult hippocampal neurogenesis in rats following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage via modifying the integrin β3/Akt signaling pathway
Authors: Li Zhen-Yan , Yang Xian , Wang Ji-Kai , Yan Xiao-Xin , Liu Fei , Zuo Yu-Chun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSubarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is one of the most severe type of cerebral strokes, which can cause multiple cellular changes in the brain leading to neuronal injury and neurological deficits. Specifically, SAH can impair adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, thus may affecting poststroke neurological and cognitive recovery. Here, we identified a non-canonical role of milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFGE8) in rat brain after experimental SAH, involving a stimulation on adult hippocampal neurogenesis(AHN). Experimental SAH was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats via endovascular perforation, with the in vivo effect of MFGE8 evaluated via the application of recombinant human MFGE8 (rhMFGE8) along with pharmacological interventions, as determined by hemorrhagic grading, neurobehavioral test, and histological and biochemical analyses of neurogenesis related markers. Results: Levels of the endogenous hippocampal MFGE8 protein, integrin-β3 and protein kinase B (p-Akt) were elevated in the SAH relative to control groups, while that of hippocalcin (HPCA) and cyclin D1 showed the opposite change. Intraventricular rhMGFE8 infusion reversed the decrease in doublecortin (DCX) immature neurons in the DG after SAH, along with improved the short/long term neurobehavioral scores. rhMGFE8 treatment elevated the levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), p-Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), CyclinD1, HPCA and DCX in hippocampal lysates, but not that of integrin β3 and Akt, at 24 hr after SAH. Treatment of integrin β3 siRNA, the PI3K selective inhibitor ly294002 or Akt selective inhibitor MK2206 abolished the effects of rhMGFE8 after SAH. In conclusion, MFGE8 is upregulated in the hippocampus in adult rats with reduced granule cell genesis. rhMFGE8 administration can rescue this impaired adult neurogenesis and improve neurobehavioral recovery. Mechanistically, the effect of MFGE8 on hippocampal adult neurogenesis is mediated by the activation of integrin β3/Akt pathway. These findings suggest that exogenous MFGE8 may be of potential therapeutic value in SAH management.
Multimodal tactile sensing fused with vision for dexterous robotic housekeeping
Authors: Mao Qian , Liao Zijian , Yuan Jinfeng , Zhu Rong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs robots are increasingly participating in our daily lives, the quests to mimic human abilities have driven the advancements of robotic multimodal senses. However, current perceptual technologies still unsatisfied robotic needs for home tasks/environments, particularly facing great challenges in multisensory integration and fusion, rapid response capability, and highly sensitive perception. Here, we report a flexible tactile sensor utilizing thin-film thermistors to implement multimodal perceptions of pressure, temperature, matter thermal property, texture, and slippage. Notably, the tactile sensor is endowed with an ultrasensitive (0.05 mm/s) and ultrafast (4 ms) slip sensing that is indispensable for dexterous and reliable grasping control to avoid crushing fragile objects or dropping slippery objects. We further propose and develop a robotic tactile-visual fusion architecture that seamlessly encompasses multimodal sensations from the bottom level to robotic decision-making at the top level. A series of intelligent grasping strategies with rapid slip feedback control and a tactile-visual fusion recognition strategy ensure dexterous robotic grasping and accurate recognition of daily objects, handling various challenging tasks, for instance grabbing a paper cup containing liquid. Furthermore, we showcase a robotic desktop-cleaning task, the robot autonomously accomplishes multi-item sorting and cleaning desktop, demonstrating its promising potential for smart housekeeping.
Membrane depolarization kills dormant Bacillus subtilis cells by generating a lethal dose of ROS
Authors: Gray Declan A. , Wang Biwen , Sidarta Margareth , Cornejo Fabián A. , Wijnheijmer Jurian , Rani Rupa , Gamba Pamela , Turgay Kürşad , Wenzel Michaela , Strahl Henrik , Hamoen Leendert W. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe bactericidal activity of several antibiotics partially relies on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is generally linked to enhanced respiration and requires the Fenton reaction. Bacterial persister cells, an important cause of recurring infections, are tolerant to these antibiotics because they are in a dormant state. Here, we use Bacillus subtilis cells in stationary phase, as a model system of dormant cells, to show that pharmacological induction of membrane depolarization enhances the antibiotics’ bactericidal activity and also leads to ROS production. However, in contrast to previous studies, this results primarily in production of superoxide radicals and does not require the Fenton reaction. Genetic analyzes indicate that Rieske factor QcrA, the iron-sulfur subunit of respiratory complex III, seems to be a primary source of superoxide radicals. Interestingly, the membrane distribution of QcrA changes upon membrane depolarization, suggesting a dissociation of complex III. Thus, our data reveal an alternative mechanism by which antibiotics can cause lethal ROS levels, and may partially explain why membrane-targeting antibiotics are effective in eliminating persisters.
Qualitative surface roughness of lithium disilicate endo-crown for pulpotomized primary molars
Authors: Mahfouz Omer Shaimaa M. , El-Desouky Shaimaa S. , El-Saady Badawy Rania , Hadwa Shimaa M. , Ali Abdel Latif Reham M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRehabilitation of pulpotomized primary molars with an appropriate restoration is essential for recovering function and safeguarding the durability of the treatment. This study aimed to assess and compare the surface roughness of stainless steel (ST) crowns, zirconia (ZR) crowns, fiberglass (FG) crowns, and lithium disilicate (LD) endo-crowns as a restoration for pulpotomized primary molars also, evaluating the surface roughness of their antagonists. Sixty pulpotomized primary mandibular first molars were used for qualitative surface roughness evaluation and divided into four groups (n = 15/group) according to the crown type (group-ST, group-ZR, group-FG, group-LD). While the other sixty sound, unprepared primary maxillary first molars were used for evaluation of their surface roughness against the tested crowns. Specimens’ preparation and cementation were carried out according to each crown type and manufacturer’s instructions. The surface roughness was done using a two-body wear test. The data were statistically analyzed. All tested crowns showed an increased change in surface roughness, except group-ZR, which had the least change in surface roughness after mechanical wear with no statistically significant difference(P = 0.681). All crown types significantly increased the surface roughness of their antagonists after mechanical wear, except group-ST which showed insignificant affection (p ≥ 0.05). Zirconia crowns and lithium disilicate endo-crowns had the least change in surface roughness compared to other groups while SSCs showed the least tooth loss in the antagonist enamel.
Assessing surface water quality in Hungary’s Danube basin using geochemical modeling, multivariate analysis, irrigation indices, and Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: Saeed Omar , Székács András , Jordán Győző , Mörtl Mária , Abukhadra Mostafa R. , El-Sherbeeny Ahmed M. , Szűcs Péter , Eid Mohamed Hamdy 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEvaluation of water quality is crucial for managing surface water effectively, ensuring its suitability for human use, and sustaining the environment. In the lower Danube River basin, various methods were employed to assess surface water quality for irrigation, drinking, human health risk purposes and the main mechanism control the surface water chemistry. These methods included water quality indicators (WQIs), complex statistical analyses, geographic information systems (GIS), Monte Carlo simulation, and geochemical modeling. Physicochemical analyses of surface water samples revealed primarily Ca–Mg–HCO3− is the dominant water types. Principal component analysis (PCA), ionic ratios and piper, chloro alkaline index, Chadha, and Gibbs diagrams identified three distinct water characteristics influenced by water-rocks interaction, evaporation, ions exchange, and human activities. The geochemical modeling showed Danube River water’s strong ability to dissolve gypsum, halite, and anhydrite (SI < 0) and precipitate aragonite, dolomite, and calcite with saturation index (SI) value greater than 0 along its flow path. The irrigation water quality index (IWQI = 99.6–107.6), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR = 0.37–0.68), sodium percentage (Na% = 13.7–18.7), soluble sodium percentage (SSP = 12.5–17.5), Potential Salinity (PS = 0.73–1.6), and Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC = − 1.27–0.58) values were used, mainly indicating acceptable quality with some limitations. Danube River water was unsuitable for drinking based on WQI value (WQI = 81–104). Oral exposure of children to specific components showed a higher hazard index (HI > 1) compared to adults, indicating a 2.1 times higher overall non-carcinogenic risk hazard index. However, Monte Carlo simulation demonstrated negligible iron, manganese, and nitrate health hazards for both age groups. These findings are valuable for water quality management decisions, contributing to long-term resource sustainability.
Automated and parallel transfer of arrays of oriented graphene ribbons
Authors: Bencherif Amira , Tie Monique , Martel Richard , Bouilly Delphine 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe transfer of two-dimensional materials from their growth substrate onto application wafers is a critical bottleneck in scaling-up devices based on such nanomaterials. Here, we present an innovative approach to achieve the automated and simultaneous transfer of arrays of graphene ribbons, with precise control over their orientation and alignment onto patterned wafers. The transfer is performed in a simple, yet efficient apparatus consisting of an array of glass columns, strategically shaped to control ribbon orientation and arranged to match the destination wafer, coupled to a dual inflow/outflow pumping system. This apparatus enables the transfer of a custom array of parallel graphene ribbons in a fraction of the time required with traditional methods. The quality of the transferred graphene was evaluated using optical imaging, scanning electron microscopy, hyperspectral Raman imaging, and electrical transport: all consistently indicating that the transferred graphene exhibits excellent quality, comparable to a manual transfer by an expert user. The proposed apparatus offers several competitive advantages, including ease of use, high transfer throughput, and reduced nanomaterial consumption. Moreover, it can be used repeatedly on the same wafer to assemble arrays of overlayed materials with controlled relative orientations. This approach thus opens promising opportunities for the large-scale fabrication of various heterostructures and devices based on vertical assemblies of 2D nanomaterials.
Institutional structure and governance capability in universities: an empirical study from the perspectives of time, space, and quantity dimensions
Authors: Luo Zhimin , Junfeng Ma , Abbasi Babar Nawaz , Zilong Li 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInstitutions are pivotal in university governance, symbolizing stable organizational power reflective of governance capacity. The strategic organization of a university’s internal structures aims to align with its developmental goals. The effectiveness of these arrangements is evaluated by their congruence with the university’s characteristics and norms, aiming to enhance governance for growth and sustainability. Thus, the primary aim of this study is to determine whether this layout can strengthen the university’s governance ability, enhancing its prospects for survival and development. This study introduces a novel theoretical framework across the dimensions of time, space, and quantity, utilizing governance elements to assess the impact of institutional layouts on governance capabilities. Data were gathered through a self-developed survey questionnaire, with a total of 742 valid responses collected, and by employing a high-dimensional fixed-effects model, we found that the three-dimensional institutional layouts significantly impact governance capabilities, with effects varying by the institution’s affiliation. Furthermore, the mechanism analysis shows that university governance capabilities are also manifested through different configurations of governance elements under institutional layout, and are influenced by the responsiveness, collaboration, and expansion of the entire institutional system. Moreover, our analysis indicates a threshold effect in the tenure of institutional members, where both excessive and insufficient enthusiasm impact governance capabilities differently. This suggests the importance of a strategic institutional layout that aligns with the governance elements’ dynamics of timeliness, flexibility, distribution, and scarcity across time, space, and quantity. Achieving an optimal arrangement enhances the university’s governance efficiency significantly. In light of these findings, policy implications were proposed.
The role of human behaviour change in companion animal management: A case study of Praia de Faro, Portugal
Authors: Eckman Harry , Hiby Elly 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Humane dog and cat population management has relied on Trap, Neuter, Release (TNR) projects in an attempt to control or reduce free-roaming populations and improve the welfare of dogs and cats. It has been recognised that the root cause of dog and cat population and welfare issues is people and their attitudes and behaviours towards dogs and cats – whether this is through lack of responsible ownership leading to loss or abandonment, or programs that focus on single tools such as sterilisation. Failing to recognise the interdependency that exists between individual and community responsibility means that projects that rely solely on the actions of an individual or a small group, and do not involve the wider community, risk limiting their impact and sustainability. Typically, sterilisation projects regularly fail to address this issue. The concept of human behaviour change is beginning to be used in dog population management programs but is still largely unused and untested in cat population management programs. In 2013, a 4-year project in Praia de Faro, Portugal, started to explore how communities respond to a local program using community engagement tools to measure and evaluate changes in attitudes and behaviours towards owned and un-owned dogs and cats. The research question is: ‘does community involvement and participation in a project increase its chances of success in relation to improved welfare for animals?’ Results suggest improved dog and cat welfare, positive changes in attitudes and behaviours of the community, and increased community involvement.
On-machine inspection and compensation for thin-walled parts with sculptured surface considering cutting vibration and probe posture
Authors: Hao Yanpeng , Zhu Lida , Qin Shaoqing , Pei Xiaoyu , Yan Tianming , Qin Qiuyu , Lu Hao , Yan Boling 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
On-machine inspection has a significant impact on improving high-precision and efficient machining of sculptured surfaces. Due to the lack of machining information and the inability to adapt the parameters to the dynamic cutting conditions, theoretical modeling of profile inspection usually leads to insufficient adaptation, which causes inaccuracy problems. To address the above issues, a novel coupled model for profile inspection is proposed by combining the theoretical model and the data-driven model. The key process is to first realize local feature extraction based on the acquired vibration signals. The hybrid sampling model, which fuses geometric feature terms and vibration feature terms, is modeled by the lever principle. Then, the weight of each feature term is adaptively assigned by a multi-objective multi-verse optimizer. Finally, an inspection error compensation model based on the attention mechanism considering different probe postures is proposed to reduce the impact of pre-travel and radius errors on inspection accuracy. The anisotropy of the probe system error and its influence mechanism on the inspection accuracy are analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Compared with the previous models, the proposed hybrid profile inspection model can significantly improve the accuracy and efficiency of on-machine sampling. The proposed compensation model is able to correct the inspection errors with better accuracy. Simulations and experiments demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed methods. The proposed model and corresponding new findings contribute to high-precision and efficient on-machine inspection, and help to understand the coupling mechanism of inspection errors.
Enhancement of mechanical strength in lightweight EPS geopolymer composites using coconut fiber
Authors: Kant Lakshmi , Kumar Shashi , Kumar Sanjeet , Singh Amit Kumar , Sharma Sushila 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study examines the effect of coconut fiber (CF) on the mechanical properties of a sustainable building material known as lightweight ambient-cured geopolymer composites (CFLWGC). Coconut fibers, with mean diameter 0.4 mm and lengths of 2, 4, and 6 cm, were incorporated into the composite at varying contents (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% by binder mass) to study their effect on CFLWGC. The resulting CFLWGC was thoroughly charaffigcterized for its physical and mechanical attributes, including density, workability, compressive strength, and splitting tensile strength. Results showed that incorporating coconut fibers significantly improved mechanical properties with optimal compressive strength of 11.265 MPa (30% increase) and highest split tensile strength of 1.464 MPa (35% improvement) at 4 cm fiber length and 1% content. However, excessive fiber volume or length reduced compressive strength to 7.821 MPa (25% decrease) and split tensile strength to 0.548 MPa (62.5% reduction). Longer fiber lengths (6 cm) and higher fiber contents generally decreased tensile strength, indicating that while moderate fiber addition enhances performance, excessive fiber volume or length negatively impacts the composites’ mechanical properties.
Effect of brass slag particles on the microstructure and hardness of Al-Si alloy matrix composites
Authors: Sharma Mahesh , Dwivedi Vijay Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The current study investigated the effects of brass slag particles on the microstructure and hardness of Al-Si alloy (LM30) matrix composite. Stir casting was used to fabricate a composite with brass slag particles of finesize (i.e. 100–215 μm), coarse size(i.e. 215–350 μm) and three different concentrations of 3 wt%, 6 wt%, and 9 wt%. The dynamic shear force generated by stirring prevents brass slag particles from sinking into the melt which result in uniform particle dispersion throughout the melt. Optical microscopy analysis reveals a uniform distribution of reinforcement particles in cast composites, accompanied by silicon refinement. The findings suggest that the incorporation of industrial waste (brass slag as a reinforcement) in the fabrication process enhances microstructure and mechanical characteristics of composites. 9 wt% concentration of brass slag reinforced of fine size composite demonstrated an impressive ∼60.7% improvement in hardness compared to base alloy (LM30). It was also observed that theoretical density (ρth) and experimental densities (ρex) approximately 25% and 18.4% greater than that of the base alloy (LM30).