bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vanin-2 is expressed in peripheral blood T cells and upregulated in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Liu Chen , Alimu Xiayidan , Zeng Xingyue , Bahabayi Ayibaota , Gao Yiming , Hu Yuzhe , Chen Yang , Zhao Junjie , Lian Xinran , Zheng Mohan , Liu Tianci , Wang Pingzhang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Members of the vanin gene family include VNN1, VNN2, and VNN3 in humans. Although the functions of vanins have been widely examined in myeloid cells, their expression and functions have not been clarified in T lymphocytes. This study aimed to elucidate the significance of Vanin-2 (VNN2) on human peripheral blood T lymphocytes and study its expression in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The differential expression of Vanins was analyzed by bioinformatics. VNN2 expressions in peripheral blood T-cell subsets were analyzed by single-cell RNA sequencing data and flow cytometry. Changes of VNN2 expression before and after T-cell activation were further clarified by western blot. The function of VNN2+ cells was studied by granzyme B (GZMB) and perforin detection. Changes in VNN2+ proportions in T-cell subsets of patients with SLE were further analyzed. In the present study, only VNN2 among vanins showed distinguishable expression in T cells. VNN2+ percentages were higher in CD8+ T cells those in CD4+ T cells. VNN2+ T cells were with a higher memory T-cell composition. VNN2 expression was significantly increased after T-cell stimulation. VNN2+ T cells had higher levels of GZMB and perforin secretion than VNN2− T cells. Clinically, VNN2+ percentages in T cells of patients with SLE were upregulated. Together, these data suggested that VNN2 is expressed in peripheral blood T cells characterized more GZMB and perforin secretion, and increased VNN2+ T cells in patients with SLE could reflect altered T-cell functions in vivo.
Incident diabetes among older Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander women with breast cancer
Authors: Koric Alzina , Chang Chun-Pin Esther , Lee Yuan-Chin Amy , Wei Mei , Lee Catherine J , Tao Randa , Wang Jing , Tay Djin , Hashibe Mia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The risk of diabetes among Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (ANHPI) women after breast cancer is unclear. This study estimated the risk of incident type II diabetes in older ANHPI and older non-Hispanic White (NHW) women with breast cancer from the US National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Medicare linked claims.

Methods
A matched cohort of 7122 older ANHPI and 21 365 older NHW women with breast cancer were identified from SEER-Medicare between 2000 and 2017. To assess the risk of incident type II diabetes after breast cancer, hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated using the Cox proportional-hazards regression model.

Results
During the mean 8 years of follow-up, 9.3% of older women with breast cancer developed incident type II diabetes. In comparison with older NHW women, older ANHPI women without a known history of diabetes had an elevated risk of diabetes after breast cancer, with strong associations observed for Pacific Islander (HR = 3.09, 95% CI = 1.43 to 6.67), Vietnamese (HR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.33 to 2.36), and Filipino (HR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.57 to 2.59) women with breast cancer, adjusting for potential confounders. Among ANHPI women with breast cancer, more baseline comorbidities and obesity were risk factors for developing incident type II diabetes.

Conclusion
ANHPI women diagnosed with breast cancer had an elevated risk of type II diabetes compared with older NHW women with breast cancer. Routine monitoring and management of diabetes are warranted in older ANHPI women with breast cancer.
Fragments and semiophores: on the educational values of monuments as ephemeral heritage
Authors: Mendel Maria 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Based on several cases, this article develops a thought inspired by the Journal of Philosophy of Education’s special issue on the Educational Value of Monuments (55.3). The article is a reflection about the locations which make statues able to be transformed materially and semiotically, and which provoke discussion about what is to be learnt by understanding the monument as a fragment and semiophore. I argue that the monument—located in a specific place which makes its contextual meaning—represents fragments, in Latin fractures or cracks, as an expression of the violence inflicted on an imaginary whole. Defining and accepting a monument as a fragment allows us to understand each change that may happen to it—including removal or relocation—as an incentive to learn about the meanings of new wholes and to consciously respond to them. On the one hand, this can effectively stop mimetic pressures to reproduce aggression towards monuments. On the other, it can create a ground for shaping an ethical attitude of co-responsibility for a common world that is not exclusively human. The strictly educational sense of the proposed redefinition of the monument would be to radicalize sensitivity to its inherent feature, which is its fragmentary nature, resulting in the fragility of the heritage it co-creates in the space of commonality. In the proposed understanding of the monument, apart from the emphasis on significant fragmentation, an important role is played by the decisive abandonment of the anthropocentric perspective. In the new perspective of the common world, the monument becomes an ephemeral heritage, and its most current educational value seems to lie there.
The devil, the detail, and the data
Authors: Garrett Andrew D 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Digitalization has created a world awash with data from sources almost unimaginable 50 years ago. Using recent examples from climate change, the COVID-19 pandemic, official statistics, and artificial intelligence, the address will illustrate the importance of understanding the data generating process and the data about the data. It will be argued that statisticians and other data professionals have an increasingly important role to play as advocates for well-defined and well documented data generation—particularly as the distinction between inputs and outputs becomes blurred. For the Society, this does not represent a shift away from statistics, rather it re-establishes the link to our roots.
Measuring Expenditure with a Mobile App: Do Probability-Based and Nonprobability Panels Differ?
Authors: Jäckle Annette , Cornesse Carina , Wenz Alexander , Couper Mick P 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this case study, we examine a novel aspect of data collected in a typical probability and a typical nonprobability panel: mobile app data. The data were collected in Great Britain in 2018, using the Innovation Panel of the UK Household Longitudinal Study and the Lightspeed online access panel. Respondents in each panel were invited to participate in a month-long study, reporting all their daily expenditures in the app. In line with most of the research on nonprobability and probability-based panel data, our results indicate differences in the data gathered from these data sources. For example, more female, middle-aged, and highly educated people with higher digital skills and a greater interest in their finances participated in the nonprobability app study. Our findings also show that resulting differences in the app spending data are difficult to eliminate by weighting. The only data quality aspect for which we do not find evidence of differences between the nonprobability and probability-based panel is behavior in using the spending app. This finding is contrary to the argument that nonprobability online panel participants try to maximize their monetary incentive at the expense of data quality. However, this finding is in line with some of the scarce existing literature on response behavior in surveys, which is inconclusive regarding the question of whether nonprobability online panel participants answer questions less conscientiously than probability-based panel respondents. Since the two panels in our case study differ in more aspects than the sample selection procedure, more research in different contexts is necessary to establish generalizability and causality.
Integrated biomarker profiling for enhanced heart failure management: a comprehensive study on the application of chemiluminescence detection of GDF-15 and multi-index models
Authors: Zhang Ju , Zhang Jiajia , Huang Chengyi , Wu Ting , Jin Peipei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) holds promise as a novel marker for heart failure. However, current detection methods fall short of meeting essential clinical requirements.

Objectives
The aim of this investigation was to assess the clinical significance of serum GDF-15 detection through the chemiluminescence method and to enhance its clinical application for predicting and evaluating heart failure in patients.

Methods
A total of 122 patients were included in the study. Serum GDF-15 levels were assessed using the chemiluminescence method and compared with results for NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), growth stimulation expressed gene 2 (ST2), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Additionally, we conducted an analysis to evaluate the correlation between these indicators and heart failure events.

Results
LVEF, ST2, NT-proBNP, and GDF-15 exhibited significant associations with heart failure. In the multivariate proportional hazard analysis, subsequent to adjusting for the effects of other markers, however, only LVEF and GDF-15 retained their associations with heart failure events. Notably, GDF-15 emerged as the exclusive marker suitable for diagnosing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Conclusion
The chemiluminescence method proved efficient in the rapid and sensitive detection of GDF-15 in patients with heart failure. Additionally, GDF-15 combined with other markers created a robust multi-index model. This model is valuable for heart failure diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring, with broad clinical applicability.
Efficacy of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids as a Treatment for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Capple Kathryn A , Kostas-Polston Elizabeth A , Engler Mary B , Lai Choang , Froelicher Erika Sivarajan 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent health condition among members of the military. Although the efficacy of pharmacological and psychiatric interventions for PTSD has been well studied, there are limited data on the effects of omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) interventions on PTSD. The use of PUFAs shows promise because of their neuroprotective effects. Thus, this systematic review will synthesize the current state of the evidence regarding the effectiveness of PUFA treatment for PTSD.

Materials and Methods
Using the PubMed, PsychINFO, Embase, and CINAHL databases, a search of the literature was conducted using the search terms “posttraumatic-stress-disorder, combat disorders, trauma-related-stress-disorder, omega-3, fatty acid, and polyunsaturated fatty acids” to identify articles published from January 1, 2008, to January 1, 2024, that focused on PUFA interventions for PTSD. A total of 281 articles were identified. Following exclusions and quality assessments using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria proposed by Cochrane, 6 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and preclinical studies were chosen for inclusion, and data were then extracted into a data matrix for final synthesis and analysis.

Results
The RCTs (n = 3) showed no significant effect of PUFAs in the prevention of PTSD symptom onset. Among preclinical studies (n = 3), PUFAs resulted in a significant decrease in anxiety-like behavior and fear memory and an increase in spatial learning and memory. The quality of evidence among the 6 RCTs and preclinical studies using the Cochrane GRADE criteria ranged from low to high.

Conclusions
The results from this systematic review suggest that more evidence is needed before making any recommendations for the clinical use of dietary PUFAs in the management of PTSD symptoms.
Factors influencing mortality in COVID-19-associated mucormycosis: The international ID-IRI study
Authors: Sahin Meyha , Yilmaz Mesut , Mert Ali , Naghili Behrouz , Ravanbakhsh Fatemeh , Varshochi Mojtaba , Darazam Ilad Alavi , Ebrahimi Mohammad Javad , Moafi Maral , Tehrani Hamed Azhdari , Mahboob Amjad , Rashid Naveed , Khan Ejaz Ahmed , Hakamifard Atousa , Eser-Karlidag Gülden , Babamahmoodi Abdolreza , El-Kholy Amani , Mosawi Sayed Hussain , Albayrak Ayşe , Al Ramahi Jamal Wadi , Addepalli Syam Kumar , Özer Balin Şafak , Khan Asfandiyar , Pandya Nirav , Gurbuz Esra , Sincan Gülden , Azami Hadia , Dumlu Rıdvan , Khedr Reham , Ripon Rezaul Karim , Alkan Sevil , Kose Şükran , Ceylan Bahadır , Erdem Hakan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The emergence of COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), triggered a global pandemic. Concurrently, reports of mucormycosis cases surged, particularly during the second wave in India. This study aims to investigate mortality factors in COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) cases, exploring clinical, demographic, and therapeutic variables across mostly Asian and partly African countries. A retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of CAM patients from 22 medical centers across eight countries was conducted, focusing on the first 3 months post-COVID-19 diagnosis. Data collected through the ID-IRI included demographics, comorbidities, treatments, and outcomes. A total of 162 CAM patients were included. The mean age was 54.29 ± 13.04 years, with 54% male. Diabetes mellitus (85%) was prevalent, and 91% had rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis. Surgical debridement was performed in 84% of the cases. Mortality was 39%, with advanced age (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.06, [P &lt; .001]), rituximab use (HR = 21.2, P = .05), and diabetic ketoacidosis (HR = 3.58, P = .009) identified as risk factors. The mortality risk increases by approximately 5.6% for each additional year of age. Surgical debridement based on organ involvement correlated with higher survival (HR = 8.81, P &lt; .001). The utilization of rituximab and diabetic ketoacidosis, along with advancing age, has been associated with an increased risk of mortality in CAM patients. A combination of antifungal treatment and surgical intervention has demonstrated a substantial improvement in survival outcomes.
Tidal features and disc thicknesses of edge-on galaxies in the SDSS Stripe 82
Authors: Skryabina Maria N , Adams Kyle R , Mosenkov Aleksandr V 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
We examine deep optical images of edge-on galaxies selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Stripe 82. The entire sample consists of over 800 genuine edge-on galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts out to $z\sim 0.2$. To discern the faintest details around the galaxies, we use three different data sources with a photometric depth of down to 30 mag arcsec$^{-2}$ in the r band: SDSS Stripe 82, Hyper Suprime-Cam Strategic Program, and DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys. Our analysis of the deep images reveals a variety of low surface brightness features. 49 galaxies exhibit prominent tidal structures, including tidal tails, stellar streams, bridges, and diffuse shells. Additionally, 56 galaxies demonstrate peculiar structural features such as lopsided discs, faint warps, and dim polar rings. Overall, we detect low surface brightness structures in 94 galaxies out of 838, accounting for 11 per cent of the sample. Notably, the fraction of tidal structures is only 5.8 per cent, which is significantly lower than that obtained in modern cosmological simulations and observations. Previous studies have shown that strongly interacting galaxies have stellar discs about 1.5–2 times thicker than those without apparent interactions. In an analysis where tidal features are carefully masked for precise disc axis ratio measurements, we show that discs of galaxies with tidal features are 1.33 times thicker, on average, than control galaxies that do not have visible tidal features. Furthermore, we find that edge-on galaxies with tidal structures tend to have a higher fraction of oval and boxy discs than galaxies without tidal features.
Inner walls or vortices? Crescent-shaped asymmetries in ALMA observations of protoplanetary discs
Authors: Ribas Á , Clarke Cathie J , Zagaria Francesco 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Crescent-shaped asymmetries are common in millimetre observations of protoplanetary discs and are usually attributed to vortices or dust overdensities. However, they often appear on a single side of the major axis and roughly symmetric about the minor axis, suggesting a geometric origin. In this work, we interpret such asymmetries as emission from the exposed inner cavity walls of inclined discs and use them to characterize their vertical extent. Here we focus on the discs around CIDA 9 and RY Tau, first modelling their observations in visibility space with a simple geometric prescription for the walls, and then exploring more detailed radiative transfer models. Accounting for the wall emission yields significantly better residuals than purely axisymmetric models, and we estimate the dust scale height of these systems to be 0.4 au at 37 au for CIDA 9 and 0.2 au at 12 au for RY Tau. Finally, we identify crescent-shaped asymmetries in twelve discs, nine of which have constraints on their orientation – in all cases, the asymmetry appears on the far-side of the disc, lending support to the hypothesis that they are due to their inner rims. Modelling this effect in larger samples of discs will help to build a statistical view of their vertical structure.
The effect of interstellar medium on LVK’s black holes
Authors: Ghodla Sohan 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Gravitational radiation alone is not efficient in hardening the orbit of a wide binary black hole (BBH). By employing a toy model for the interstellar medium (ISM) surrounding BBHs, here we discuss the effect of this baryonic medium on BBH dynamics. Depending on the BBH’s mass, we show that a binary surrounded by an isotropic cold neutral medium (i.e. an asymptotic temperature $T_{\infty } \approx 100$ K) with a time-averaged particle density of $\langle n_\mathrm{ H} \rangle = \mathcal {O}(1)$ cm$^{-3}$ can play a significant role in hardening the binary orbit over a $\mathcal {O}(10^9)$ yr time-scale. Additionally, this causes the black hole’s mass to grow at a rate ${\propto} m^2$. We thus discuss the impact of the ISM on the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) observables and quantify the properties of the ISM under which the latter could act as an additional important pathway for driving a subset of LVK’s BBH mergers.
Very metal-poor stars I: a catalogue derived from LAMOST DR9
Authors: Hou Xiaokun , Zhao Gang , Li Haining 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
In this paper, a semisupervised machining learning technique had been utilized to analyse low-resolution stellar spectra from Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) Data Release 9 (DR9). We identified approximately 111 000 potential very metal-poor stars. Estimation of their stellar parameters ($T_{\rm eff}$, ${\rm log}\, \rm {g}$, [Fe/H]) indicate that over 99 per cent are metal-poor ([Fe/H] &lt; −1.0), comprising 32 631 very metal-poor ([Fe/H] &lt; −2.0), 702 extremely metal-poor ([Fe/H] &lt; −3.0) and 30 ultra metal-poor ([Fe/H] &lt; −4.0) stars. Based on kinematic characteristics, stars were categorized into thick disc-like, thin disc-like, and halo-like groups. We analysed their metallicity distributions (MDs) with respect to vertical height ($|Z|$) and orbital eccentricity (e). Thick disc-like stars in current sample show a clear trend of decreasing metallicty with increasing $|Z|$ or e for the ranges −3.0 $\lt $ [Fe/H] $\lt $ −1.2 and $|Z|$$\lt $ 3 kpc. Conversely, thin disc-like stars in current sample exhibit a slight increase in the fraction of more metal-poor stars with $|Z|$ for the ranges −3.0 $\lt $ [Fe/H] $\lt $ −1.2 and $|Z|$$\lt$ 1 kpc, but no obvious correlation with e. Additionally, we confirmed the presence of two prominent substructures among halo-like stars. One exhibits a high eccentricity ($e\ \gt\ 0.8$) orbit and higher metallicity, while the other follows a retrograde orbit with moderate eccentricity ($e\sim 0.6$) and lower metallicity. We believe they are related to the merger events known as Gaia Sausage and Sequoia, respectively. Furthermore, our observations indicate that the Sequoia has lower eccentricity and metallicity compared to the Gaia Sausage.
Discovering Fragile Clades and Causal Sequences in Phylogenomics by Evolutionary Sparse Learning
Authors: Sharma Sudip , Kumar Sudhir 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Phylogenomic analyses of long sequences, consisting of many genes and genomic segments, reconstruct organismal relationships with high statistical confidence. But, inferred relationships can be sensitive to excluding just a few sequences. Currently, there is no direct way to identify fragile relationships and the associated individual gene sequences in species. Here, we introduce novel metrics for gene-species sequence concordance and clade probability derived from evolutionary sparse learning models. We validated these metrics using fungi, plant, and animal phylogenomic datasets, highlighting the ability of the new metrics to pinpoint fragile clades and the sequences responsible. The new approach does not necessitate the investigation of alternative phylogenetic hypotheses, substitution models, or repeated data subset analyses. Our methodology offers a streamlined approach to evaluating major inferred clades and identifying sequences that may distort reconstructed phylogenies using large datasets.
Zika virus non-coding RNAs antagonize antiviral responses by PKR-mediated translational arrest
Authors: Pallarés Horacio M , González López Ledesma María Mora , Oviedo-Rouco Santiago , Castellano Luciana A , Costa Navarro Guadalupe S , Fernández-Alvarez Ana J , D’Andreiz María Josefina , Aldas-Bulos Victor Daniel , Alvarez Diego E , Bazzini Ariel A , Gamarnik Andrea V 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes severe outbreaks in human populations. ZIKV infection leads to the accumulation of small non-coding viral RNAs (known as sfRNAs) that are crucial for evasion of antiviral responses and for viral pathogenesis. However, the mechanistic understanding of how sfRNAs function remains incomplete. Here, we use recombinant ZIKVs and ribosome profiling of infected human cells to show that sfRNAs block translation of antiviral genes. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that specific RNA structures present in sfRNAs trigger PKR activation, which instead of limiting viral replication, enhances viral particle production. Although ZIKV infection induces mRNA expression of antiviral genes, translation efficiency of type I interferon and interferon stimulated genes were significantly downregulated by PKR activation. Our results reveal a novel viral adaptation mechanism mediated by sfRNAs, where ZIKV increases its fitness by repurposing the antiviral role of PKR into a proviral factor.