bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE STABILITY OF EQUATED TEST SCORES1
Authors: Karon Bertram P. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThe effects of sampling error were studied empirically with respect to four methods of equating scales of tests administered to non‐overlapping groups of subjects: (1) mean and sigma method, (2) equi‐percentile method, (3) maximum likelihood method using an “anchor” test, (4) standard reference group method using an “anchor” test. The methods were compared under both random and stratified sampling. Results showed that sampling error was (1) smaller for those methods which make use of an “anchor” test than for those which do not, (2) smaller for equated scores closer to the mean of the total population than for those further from the mean, (3) was not decreased by stratification by institution when the “anchor” test methods of equating were used.
EDUCATIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL VALIDATION OF A HIGH SCHOOL COMPARATIVE PREDICTION BATTERY (PILOT STUDY)
Authors: French John W. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThis report concerns the preliminary tryout of tests intended for use in comparative prediction at the ninth‐grade level. A nine‐hour battery of pure‐factor aptitude tests and of interest measures was given to students in all grades of the Middlesex and Essex County, New Jersey, Vocational and Technical High Schools. The ninth‐grade data were used for internal test analysis. This report discusses the follow‐up done with the data for the eleventh grade, twelfth grade, and special graduate classes. The follow up included the gathering of school shop grades, job ratings by employers a half to one year after leaving school, and scores on satisfaction with the trade entered. The validity study shows that, among the 30 scores validated, there are a considerable number of validity coefficients suitable for comparative prediction for success in the various school shop courses. The validity of the tests is less good for the job criteria.
EVIDENCE BEARING ON USE OF THE MYERS‐BRIGGS TYPE INDICATOR TO SELECT PERSONS FOR ADVANCED RELIGIOUS TRAINING: A PRELIMINARY REPORT
Authors: Saunders D. R. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTEvidence is presented that tends to support three hypotheses connecting the Myers‐Briggs Type Indicator to the field of advanced religious training. These hypotheses are:

Persons whose type is ESFJ or ENFJ are more interested in becoming ministers, et al, than are members of other types.
Persons whose type is ENFJ are relatively more interested in becoming ministers in liberal denominations, and persons whose type is ESFJ are relatively more interested in becoming ministers in conservative denominations.
In the case of liberal denominations, persons whose type is ENFJ are relatively prone to remain actively in the role of parish‐level religious leader. This is regarded as implying the possession by ENFJ of an inherently superior pattern of aptitude and personality development for this particular role. (The parallel hypothesis for ESFJ has not been tested.)
It is concluded that additional data on ministers should be obtained, in which the Myers‐Briggs is used.
AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF THE NORMALITY AND INDEPENDENCE OF ERRORS OF MEASUREMENT IN TEST SCORES*
Authors: Lord Frederic M. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTAn empirical study is described for determining whether in actual practice the errors of measurement in a test score (a) are distributed normally and (b) independently of the true score. Standard error formulas are given for making the necessary significance tests. The results show that the variance of the errors of measurement was significantly associated with true score in each of the four groups studied, and that the distribution of the errors of measurement was significantly skewed in three of these four groups.
SOME OBSERVATIONS OF PROBLEM SOLVING IN SPATIAL RELATIONS TESTS
Authors: Myers Charles T. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTDuring the past twenty‐five years or so, a number of factor‐analytic studies have identified a group of tests as belonging to a category which is frequently called Spatial Relations. However, continued use of a single experimental technique may lead to diminishing returns, and new techniques may be needed to develop new kinds of information. The present study was undertaken to find what information could be gained by relatively intensive and extended interviewing. Five subjects took part in about two hours of testing and six hours of interviews and discussion. The purpose of this investigation included studying the uses of interviewing as a method as well as studying the nature of spatial relations tests and the abilities they measure. It was observed that the subjects expected the test directions to serve a different purpose than the one they were designed to serve. It was also found that there were differences in the degree to which these subjects treated the problems as exercises in logic or exercises in perception; and it was found that the units of thought and perception varied with the subjects, the problems, and with the subjects' purposes.
Ossification sequence and genetic patterning in the mouse axial skeleton
Authors: Hautier Lionel , Charles Cyril , Asher Robert J. , Gaunt Stephen J. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTWe provide novel data on vertebral ontogeny in the mouse, the mammalian model‐of‐choice for developmental studies. Most previous studies on ossification sequences in mice have focused on pooled elements of the spine (cervicals, thoracics, lumbars, sacrals, and caudals). Here, we contribute data on ossification sequences in the neural arches and centra to provide a comparative basis upon which to evaluate mammalian diversity of the axial skeleton. In attempt to explain the ossification pattern observed, we compared our observations with the phenotype of Cdx over‐expresser mice. We use high‐resolution X‐ray microtomography and clearing and staining techniques to quantify the precise sequential ossification pattern of the mouse spine. We show that micro‐CT scans perform better in all cases whereas clearing and staining exhibit sensitivity to the presence of semi‐opaque tissue. We observe that the centra of wild‐type mice always ossify after neural arches and that the ossification of the neural arches proceeds from two loci. The ossification of the centra appears more complex, especially in the neck where ossification is delayed and does not just follow the order of the vertebrae along the anterior–posterior axis. Our findings also suggest that Cdx genes' expression levels may be involved in the delayed ossification in the neck centra. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 322B: 631–642, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Implementation of a mortality prediction rule for real‐time decision making: Feasibility and validity
Authors: Cowen Mark E. , Czerwinski Jennifer L. , Posa Patricia J. , Van Hoek Elizabeth , Mattimore James , Halasyamani Lakshmi K. , Strawderman Robert L. 
Published: August 2014

BACKGROUNDA previously published, retrospectively derived prediction rule for death within 30 days of hospital admission has the potential to launch parallel interdisciplinary team activities. Whether or not patient care improves will depend on the validity of prospectively generated predictions, and the feasibility of generating them on demand for a critical proportion of inpatients.OBJECTIVETo determine the feasibility of generating mortality predictions on admission and to validate their accuracy using the scoring weights of the retrospective rule.DESIGNProspective, sequential cohort.SETTINGLarge, tertiary care, community hospital in the Midwestern United StatesPATIENTSAdult patients admitted from the emergency department or scheduled for elective surgeryRESULTSMortality predictions were generated on demand at the beginning of the hospitalization for 9312 (92.9%) out of a possible 10,027 cases. The area under the receiver operating curve for 30‐day mortality was 0.850 (95% confidence interval: 0.833‐0.866), indicating very good to excellent discrimination. The prospectively generated 30‐day mortality risk had a strong association with the receipt of palliative care by hospital discharge, in‐hospital mortality, and 180‐day mortality, a fair association with the risk for 30‐day readmissions and unplanned transfers to intensive care, and weak associations with receipt of intensive unit care ever within the hospitalization or the development of a new diagnosis that was not present on admission (ie, complication).CONCLUSIONSImportant prognostic information is feasible to obtain in a real‐time, single‐assessment process for a sizeable proportion of hospitalized patients. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2014;9:720–726. © 2014 Society of Hospital Medicine
Natural Anionic Polymer Acts as Highly Efficient Trypsin Inhibitor Based on an Electrostatic Interaction Mechanism
Authors: Lv Yan , Zhang Jianbin , Song Yizhe , Wang Bing , Wang Shujun , Zhao Shan , Lv Guojun , Ma Xiaojun 
Published: August 2014

Sodium alginate (SA), acting as a trypsin inhibitor by means of electrostatic interaction, is studied. The half‐maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 = 0.05 μg mL−1) of this natural anionic polymer is about 400 times lower than that of commercial soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI). Unlike the Ca2+‐deprivation mechanisms, its inhibition may be attributed to preventing the trypsin active site (TAS) from accessing the macromolecular substrates instead of denaturing it. SA is an efficient, innocuous, and cost‐effective inhibitory excipient that can be conveniently used in many peptide and protein dosage formulations.
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Cell‐Friendly Inverse Opal‐Like Hydrogels for a Spatially Separated Co‐Culture System
Authors: Kim Jaeyun , Bencherif Sidi A. , Li Weiwei Aileen , Mooney David J. 
Published: August 2014

Three‐dimensional macroporous scaffolds have extensively been studied for cell‐based tissue engineering but their use is mostly limited to mechanical support for cell adhesion and growth on the surface of macropores. Here, a templated fabrication method is described to prepare cell‐friendly inverse opal‐like hydrogels (IOHs) allowing both cell encapsulation within the hydrogel matrix and cell seeding on the surface of macropores. Ionically crosslinked alginate microbeads and photocrosslinkable biocompatible polymers are used as a sacrificial template and as a matrix, respectively. The alginate microbeads are easily removed by a chelating agent, with minimal toxicity for the encapsulated cells during template removal. The outer surface of macropores in IOHs can also provide a space for cell adherence. The cells encapsulated or attached in IOHs are able to remain viable and to proliferate over time. The elastic modulus and cell‐adhesion properties of IOHs can be easily controlled and tuned. Finally, it is demonstrated that IOH can be used to co‐culture two distinct cell populations in different spatial positions. This cell‐friendly IOH system provides a 3D scaffold for organizing different cell types in a controllable microenvironment to investigate biological processes such as stem cell niches or tumor microenvironments.
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A new five‐node locking‐free quadrilateral element based on smoothed FEM for near‐incompressible linear elasticity
Authors: Zhang Yiping , Wang Sizhao , Chan Dave 
Published: August 2014

SUMMARYThe volumetric locking issue is critical in finite element analysis of nearly incompressible problems. In this paper, a new five‐node quadrilateral element (Q5) is proposed by enriching the four‐node quadrilateral element (Q4) with a centroid node to solve the volumetric locking problem in FEM. The cell‐based smoothed FEM is employed with Q5 element (referred as Q5‐CS‐SC4) to soften the stiffness in order to obtain a better solution. To eliminate pressure oscillation in near‐incompressible problems, an edge‐based area‐weighted smoothing scheme incorporated with the cell‐wise divergence‐free Q5 element is carried out (referred as Q5‐EAW), and an adjustable area‐weighted strain smoothing scheme using a parameter p is proposed to improve the performance of the Q5 element in dealing with incompressible media (referred as Q5‐pEAW). The formulation of Q5‐pEAW is a simple combination of Q5‐CS‐SC4 and Q5‐EAW by an adjustable area weight. It can search the exact strain energy of the problem in near‐incompressible cases. We also introduce another node‐based strain smoothing technique (Q5‐NAW) into the domain‐based selective scheme to obtain a Q5‐pEAW/NAW model to solve the pressure oscillation, which gives a much smoother pressure solution than Q5‐EAW. Finally, the Q5 element is extended into hexahedral element to develop a nine‐node hexahedral (H9) element shape function by enriching the eight‐node hexahedral element (Q8) with a centroid node. An H9‐Gi/NAW model similar to Q5‐pEAW/NAW is proposed by using H9 element to solve the 3D volumetric locking. A series of benchmark problems are provided to demonstrate that the proposed Q5‐pEAW/NAW for 2D plane strain problems, and H9‐Gi/NAW model for 3D cases are locking‐free for nearly incompressible problems. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation of an adolescent with neurological manifestations of homozygous missense PRF1 mutation
Authors: Hussein Ayad Ahmed , Hamadah Tuka , Qandeel Monther , Sughayer Maher , Amarin Rula , Mansour Asem , Chiang Samuel C. , Al‐Zaben Abdulhadi , Meeths Marie , Bryceson Yenan T. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIndividuals with biallelic truncating PRF1 mutations typically present with fulminant early‐onset familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL). We report a 19‐year‐old male with a 5‐year history of recurrent fever and headaches progressing to refractory seizures. Brain imaging revealed multiple ring enhancing lesions. Laboratory investigations demonstrated that the patient displayed defective lymphocyte cytotoxicity and carried a homozygous missense PRF1 mutation, c.394G > A (p.Gly132Arg). The patient was successfully treated with chemo‐immunotherapy followed by matched related allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Our findings demonstrate that prompt HSCT of late‐onset FHL with primarily neurological manifestation can reverse central nervous system symptoms and improve long‐term outcome. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:2313–2315. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Influence on quality of life from an early cinacalcet prescription for secondary hyperparathyroidism in dialysis
Authors: Filipozzi Pierre , Ayav Carole , Erpelding Marie‐Line , Kessler Michèle , Brunaud Laurent , Frimat Luc 
Published: August 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe goal of this study is to compare patient‐reported quality of life (PRQOL) evolution between two groups of end‐stage renal disease patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). The first with a cinacalcet prescription within 3 months after a diagnosis of SHPT (early group) and a second group of patients with a later or no cinacalcet prescription (nonearly group).Patients and methodsFrom 2009 to 2012, we conducted a multicenter pharmaco‐epidemiologic study in Lorraine region (France) including all consecutive patients on maintenance dialysis for at least 3 months with a diagnosis of SHPT (PTH > 500 pg/ml or first cinacalcet prescription). PRQOL was estimated using the Kidney Disease Quality Of Life‐Short Form questionnaire, at baseline and at 6 and 12 months follow‐up. Change in PRQOL was compared between the groups and adjusted with a propensity score.ResultsWe included 124 patients: 44 in the early group and 80 in the nonearly group. The mental component summary score was lower in the early group, at baseline (43.6 ± 6.6 vs 46.6 ± 7.6; p = 0.030), and at the follow‐up assessment (42.6 ± 6.9 vs 45.7 ± 7.9; p = 0.033). We found no difference between the groups in change in PRQOL, for all dimensions, even after adjustment with the propensity score. Mean serum alkaline phosphatase levels were normal in both groups at baseline (80.9 ± 32.5 vs 95.1 ± 39.6; p = 0.41).ConclusionCinacalcet prescription immediately following diagnosis of SHPT does not seem to be associated with better PRQOL evolution at 1 year. Mean serum alkaline phosphatase levels suggest that physicians should consider waiting for another PTH assay result before starting cinacalcet in case of a PTH rise. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Health‐related quality of life of adolescent and young adult survivors of childhood brain tumors
Authors: Barakat Lamia P. , Li Yimei , Hobbie Wendy L. , Ogle Sue K. , Hardie Thomas , Volpe Ellen M. , Szabo Margo M. , Reilly Maureen , Deatrick Janet A. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractObjectiveOur aim was to expand research on predictors of health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) for adolescent and young adult survivors of childhood brain tumors who are not living independently by evaluating the mediating role of family functioning in the association of disease severity/treatment late effects with survivor self‐report and caregiver‐proxy report of physical and emotional HRQOL.MethodsMothers (N = 186) and their survivors living at home (N = 126) completed self‐report and caregiver‐proxy report of physical and emotional HRQOL. Mothers completed family functioning measures of general family functioning, caregiving demands, and caregiver distress. Medical file review and caregiver report were used to evaluate disease severity/treatment late effects.ResultsUsing structural equation models, family functioning was adjusted for sociodemographic factors. Disease severity/treatment late effects had significant direct effects on self‐report and caregiver‐proxy report of physical and emotional HRQOL. Family functioning had a significant direct effect on caregiver‐proxy report of physical and emotional HRQOL, but these findings were not confirmed for self‐report HRQOL. Model‐fit indices suggested good fit of the models, but the mediation effect of family functioning was not supported.ConclusionsDisease severity/treatment late effects explained self‐report and caregiver‐proxy report of physical and emotional HRQOL for these adolescent and young adult survivors of childhood brain tumors. Family functioning was implicated as an important factor for caregiver‐proxy report only. To enhance physical and emotional HRQOL, findings underscore the importance of coordinated, multidisciplinary follow‐up care for the survivors who are not living independently and their families to address treatment late effects and support family management. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Synthesis and Energetic Properties of 3,4‐Bis(2,2,2‐trinitroethylamino)furazan (BTNEDAF)
Authors: Chavez David , Klapötke Thomas M. , Parrish Damon , Piercey Davin G. , Stierstorfer Jörg 
Published: August 2014

AbstractEnergetic furazan 3,4‐bis(trinitroethylamino)furazan (BTNEDAF) was synthesized in 70 % yield. BTNEDAF was characterized as an energetic material in terms of performance, mechanical sensitivity, and thermal stability. BTNEDAF was crystallized from various solvents resulting in multiple polymorphs with varying densities. Some of these polymorphs were characterized with respect to their sensitivity properties. Additionally, the performance of these different polymorphs were calculated using the EXPLO5 code. BTNEDAF was also characterized by vibrational spectroscopy, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and calorimetric experiments.
An improved conference‐key agreement protocol for dynamic groups with efficient fault correction
Authors: Ermiş Orhan , Bahtityar Şerif , Anarim Emin , Çağlayan M. Ufuk 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe pervasive usage of the Internet has made secure group communications a significant issue. Conference‐key agreement protocols provide secure group communications with lower computational cost. Providing key agreements and updates of dynamic groups in an efficient manner is a significant challenge for conference‐key agreement protocols. Auxiliary key agreement operations are needed to solve the challenge. In this paper, we propose an improved conference‐key agreement protocol, called Dynamic Conference‐Key Agreement Protocol, that consists of Initial Conference‐Key Agreement Protocol and Auxiliary Conference‐Key Agreement operations. Dynamic Conference‐Key Agreement Protocol has operations to handle dynamic groups. The proposed protocol has better fault correction and provides the same security level with the existing ones. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intrathecal Delivery of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Protects the Structure of Altered Perineuronal Nets in SOD1 Rats and Amends the Course of ALS
Authors: Forostyak Serhiy , Homola Ales , Turnovcova Karolina , Svitil Pavel , Jendelova Pavla , Sykova Eva 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder resulting in a lethal outcome. We studied changes in ventral horn perineuronal nets (PNNs) of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) rats during the normal disease course and after the intrathecal application (5 × 105 cells) of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) postsymptom manifestation. We found that MSCs ameliorated disease progression, significantly improved motor activity, and prolonged survival. For the first time, we report that SOD1 rats have an abnormal disorganized PNN structure around the spinal motoneurons and give different expression profiles of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), such as versican, aggrecan, and phosphacan, but not link protein-1. Additionally, SOD1 rats had different profiles for CSPG gene expression (Versican, Hapln1, Neurocan, and Tenascin-R), whereas Aggrecan and Brevican profiles remained unchanged. The application of MSCs preserved PNN structure, accompanied by better survival of motorneurons. We measured the concentration of cytokines (IL-1α, MCP-1, TNF-α, GM-CSF, IL-4, and IFN-γ) in the rats’ cerebrospinal fluid and found significantly higher concentrations of IL-1α and MCP-1. Our results show that PNN and cytokine homeostasis are altered in the SOD1 rat model of ALS. These changes could potentially serve as biological markers for the diagnosis, assessment of treatment efficacy, and prognosis of ALS. We also show that the administration of human MSCs is a safe procedure that delays the loss of motor function and increases the overall survival of symptomatic ALS animals, by remodeling the recipients’ pattern of gene expression and having neuroprotective and immunomodulatory effects. Stem Cells 2014;32:3163–3172
A testbed‐based framework for performance evaluation of multicast broadcast systems in OFDMA networks
Authors: Hsiao Chiu‐Han , Rampa Vittorio , Wen Yean‐Fu , Lin Frank Yeong‐Sung 
Published: August 2014

AbstractMulticast Broadcast Service (MBS) applications can efficiently reduce the usage of network resources, still providing mobile users with real‐time high‐quality content. MBS capabilities are usually implemented by using a single frequency network; moreover, new features, such as connection identifier for broadcast/multicast messages and other MBS‐enabled descriptors, are added to cope with already existent entities and services. With the intention to optimize performances and verify the on‐field feasibility, we propose an MBS approach to Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access systems based on superposition coding (SPC). Because MBS features have a large impact in the architectural design of the network protocols, an integrated framework is mandatory to speed up the system simulation, verification, and redesign steps. This paper shows the design of an experimental testbed for performance evaluation of SPC‐enabled physical (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) layers over Mobile WiMAX systems. In addition, it proposes some architectural modifications of the WiMAX protocols, by exploiting its core network capabilities. The experimental results obtained from the testbed confirm that augmented throughput capabilities can be achieved by SPC‐enabled PHY/MAC layers. However, to fully exploit the additional available throughput, an integrated framework must be adopted to evaluate the protocol modifications for the MBS‐enabled entities. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.