bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in spinal inhibitory networks induced by furosemide in humans
Authors: Klomjai Wanalee , Lackmy‐Vallée Alexandra , Katz Rose , Bussel Bernard , Bensmail Djamel , Lamy Jean‐Charles , Roche Nicolas 
Published: May 2014

Key points
It has been demonstrated in humans that furosemide crosses the blood–brain barrier and blocks activity in the epileptic brain.
In this study, we demonstrated using non‐invasive electrophysiological techniques in healthy human subjects that furosemide, a cation‐chloride co‐transporter blocker, orally administered at doses commonly used in the clinic (40 mg), reduces the efficacy of pre‐ and postsynaptic inhibition of soleus motoneurons in the spinal cord.
Furosemide can be a useful tool to detect the intrinsic functioning of inhibitory synapses and to explore if the reduced inhibitory interneuronal activity that probably contributes to spasticity also exists in humans with spinal cord injury.
AbstractDuring neural development in animals, GABAergic and glycinergic neurons are first excitatory, and then become inhibitory in the mature state. This developmental shift is due mainly to strong expression of the cation‐chloride K–Cl cotransporter 2 (KCC2) and down‐regulation of Na–K–Cl cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) during maturation. The down‐regulation of co‐transporter KCC2 after spinal cord transection in animals leads to the depolarising (excitatory) action of GABA and glycine and thus results in a reduction of inhibitory synaptic efficiency. Furosemide, a loop diuretic, has been shown to selectively and reversibly block inhibitory postsynaptic potentials without affecting excitatory postsynaptic potentials in animal spinal neurons. Moreover, this diuretic has been also demonstrated to block the cation‐chloride co‐transporters. Here, we used furosemide to demonstrate changes in spinal inhibitory networks in healthy human subjects. Non‐invasive electrophysiological techniques were used to assess presynaptic inhibition, postsynaptic inhibition and the efficacy of synaptic transmission between muscle afferent terminals and soleus motoneurons in the spinal cord. Orally administered furosemide, at doses commonly used in the clinic (40 mg), significantly reduced spinal inhibitory interneuronal activity for at least 70 min from intake compared to control experiments in the same subjects while no changes were observed in the efficacy of synaptic transmission between muscle afferent terminals and soleus motoneurons. The reduction of inhibition was dose‐dependent. Our results provide indirect evidence that reversible changes in the cation‐chloride transport system induce modulations of inhibitory neuronal activity at spinal cord level in humans.
Draft Genome Sequence of Pectobacterium wasabiae Strain CFIA1002
Authors: Yuan Kat (Xiaoli) , Adam Zaky , Tambong James , Lévesque C. André , Chen Wen , Lewis Christopher T. , De Boer Solke H. , Li Xiang (Sean) 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

Pectobacterium wasabiae
, originally causing soft rot disease in horseradish in Japan, was recently found to cause blackleg-like symptoms on potato in the United States, Canada, and Europe. A draft genome sequence of a Canadian potato isolate of
P. wasabiae
CFIA1002 will enhance the characterization of its pathogenicity and host specificity features.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Bacillus bombysepticus
, a Pathogen Leading to Bombyx mori Black Chest Septicemia
Authors: Cheng Tingcai , Lin Ping , Jin Shengkai , Wu Yuqian , Fu Bohua , Long Renwen , Liu Duolian , Guo Youbing , Peng Li , Xia Qingyou 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

Bacillus bombysepticus
is a Gram-positive spore-forming bacterium. Here, we announce the first complete genome sequence of this organism isolated from the cadavers of silkworm larvae that had been sick. The genome contains a single circular chromosome and a circular plasmid. Analyses of the
B. bombysepticus
genome will provide insights into its pathomechanisms and biology.
Genome Sequence of Candida tropicalis no. 121, Used for RNA Production
Authors: Li Bingbing , Guo Ting , Chen Yong , Xie Jingjing , Niu Huanqing , Liu Dong , Cheng Jian , Chen Xiaochun , Wu Jinglan , Zhuang Wei , Zhu Chenjie , Ying Hanjie 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

We report here the complete genome sequence of
Candida tropicalis
no. 121.
C. tropicalis
no. 121 is a high-RNA-producing strain obtained by mutagenesis in our laboratory. The complete genome sequence was determined using the Illumina HiSeq 2000 and contains 6,415 genes. The genome size of
C. tropicalis
no. 121 is >15.3 Mb.
Draft Genome Sequences of Streptococcus pyogenes Strains Associated with Throat and Skin Infections in Lebanon
Authors: Tokajian Sima , Eisen Jonathan A. , Jospin Guillaume , Coil David A. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

We present the draft genome sequences of nine clinical
Streptococcus pyogenes
isolates recovered from patients suffering from sore throat and skin infections. An average of 2,454,334 paired-end reads per sample were generated, which assembled into 21 to 198 contigs, with a G+C content of 38.4 to 38.5%.
Draft Genome Sequences of Three
Arcobacter
Strains of Pig and Dairy Cattle Manure Origin
Authors: Adam Zaky , Whiteduck-Leveillee Kerri , Cloutier Michel , Tambong James T. , Chen Wen , Lewis Christopher T. , Lévesque C. André , Topp Edward , Lapen David R. , Talbot Guylaine , Khan Izhar U. H. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

The genus
Arcobacter
has been associated with human illness and fecal contamination by humans and animals. Here, we announce the draft genome sequences of three strains of
Arcobacter
species cultured from pig and dairy cattle manure tanks. This information will assist in the characterization of features related to host specificities and identify potential pathogenic health risks to humans and animals.
Divergent Picobirnaviruses in Human Feces
Authors: Ng Terry Fei Fan , Vega Everardo , Kondov Nikola O. , Markey Christopher , Deng Xutao , Gregoricus Nicole , Vinjé Jan , Delwart Eric 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
The near-complete genomes of two picobirnaviruses (PBVs) in diarrheal stool samples, human picobirnaviruses D and E (HuPBV-D and -E), were genetically characterized. Their RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) protein sequences had <66% identities to known PBVs. Due to a single nucleotide insertion, the open reading frame 2 (ORF2) in segment 1 of HuPBV-D was interrupted by a stop codon. A small stem-loop structure overlying the stop codon may result in translational readthrough into the rest of ORF2.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Dyella jiangningensis
Strain SBZ3-12, Isolated from the Surfaces of Weathered Rock
Authors: Bao Yuanyuan , Kwok Amy Ho Yan , He Linyan , Jiang Jingwei , Huang Zhi , Leung Frederick Chi-ching , Sheng Xiafang 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

Dyella jiangningensis
strain SBZ3-12 can weather biotite and release Al and Fe from biotite under nutrient-poor conditions. Here, we report the first complete genome sequence of
D. jiangningensis
strain SBZ3-12, which may facilitate a better understanding of the molecular mechanism behind mineral weathering.
Draft Genome Sequence of an Antifungal Bacterium Isolated from the Breeding Environment of
Dorcus hopei binodulosus
Authors: Kenzaka Takehiko , Yamada Yasuhiro , Tani Katsuji 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

Burkholderia
sp. strain A1 was isolated from a decaying log present in the breeding environment of a stag beetle. The draft genome sequence indicates that strain A1 harbors many biosynthesis molecules, which have antimicrobial properties, and thus potentially eliminates the fungi by producing antifungal compounds, such as siderophores.
Optical coherence tomography of the intracranial vasculature and Wingspan stent in a patient
Authors: Given Curtis Alden , Ramsey Christian Norman , Attizzani Guilherme Ferragut , Jones Michael R , Brooks William H , Bezerra Hiram G , Costa Marco A 
Published: May 2014

SummaryA 67-year-old man with medically refractory vertebrobasilar insufficiency and short segment occlusions of the intracranial vertebral arteries was treated with angioplasty and stent placement. Fifteen hours after the procedure the patient developed symptoms of posterior fossa ischemia and repeat angiography showed thrombus formation within the stent which was treated with thrombolytic and aggressive antiplatelet therapy. Angiography revealed lysis of the clot, but concerns regarding the mechanism of the thrombotic phenomenon prompted frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (FDOCT) assessment. FDOCT provided excellent visualization of the stent and vessel wall interactions, as well as excluding residual flow-limiting stenosis, obviating the need for further intervention. The potential utility of FDOCT in the evaluation of intracranial atherosclerotic disease and additional intracranial applications are discussed.
Did the 2000 Sydney Olympics increase physical activity among adult Australians?
Authors: Bauman Adrian , Bellew Bill , Craig Cora L 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundThe Olympic Games’ (OG) organisers typically hope that a diverse range of health legacies, including increases in physical activity and sport participation will result from their hosting of the OG. Despite these aspirations, the effects of the Olympics on physical activity levels remain to be demonstrated in large-scale population studies.MethodsThis study examined the short-term impact of the Sydney 2000 OG, using serial cross-sectional population physical activity surveys of Australian adults in November 1999 and November 2000. Random sample surveys of adults asked about physical activity participation, intention to be more active, and in 2000, response to the OG.ResultsThere were no significant effects of the Olympics on physical activity participation among adult Australians, measured 6 weeks after the end of the Games. Total minutes of leisure-time physical activity did not change significantly between 1999 and 2000 (295–303 min/week), and the proportion reaching the recommended levels of 150 min/week did not change (56.6% and 56.8%, respectively, in 1999 and 2000). The intention to be active in the next month increased after the Games (adjusted OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.24), but was not associated with physical activity behaviour change.ConclusionsThe legacy of the OG may be apparent through new infrastructure and other urban improvements, but evidence of their influence on physical activity levels remains elusive. Without multiyear integrated and well-funded programmes to promote physical activity, the Olympic legacy of a more active community may remain more rhetoric than reality.
Incidence of road traffic disabilities trending upwards in transitional China: a retrospective analysis from 1980 to 2005
Authors: Liu Lan , Du Wei , Pang Lihua , Chen Gong , Zheng Xiaoying 
Published: May 2014

ObjectiveTo evaluate the change in incidence rates of road traffic disabilities from 1980 to 2005 in China.MethodsWe employed the 2006 China National Sample Survey on Disability to derive weighted number of persons with disabilities resulting from road crashes and weighted age-gender-specific population at risk by disability occurrence year. The annual incidence rate of road traffic disabilities and corresponding 95% CI were estimated. We used the World Population Prospects (WPP) and the death rate of people with disabilities (PWD) to estimate potential earlier loss of lives before 2006. Both WPP-adjusted and PWD-adjusted incidence rates of road traffic disabilities were further adjusted using the life table analysis.ResultsThe WPP-adjusted incidence rate for road traffic disabilities increased over time from 1.50 (95% CI 1.47 to 1.52) in 1980 to 11.19 (95% CI 11.13 to 11.25) per 100 000 persons in 2005. The PWD-adjusted incidence rate also increased from 1.71 (95% CI 1.68 to 1.73) to 11.51 (95% CI 11.45 to 11.57) per 100 000 persons.ConclusionsRoad crashes disable thousands of Chinese and remain a significant population health and development problem. The increasing burden of road traffic disabilities calls for more efforts and specific strategies to improve road safety in China.
Balance and walking after three different models of stroke rehabilitation: early supported discharge in a day unit or at home, and traditional treatment (control)
Authors: Gjelsvik Bente Elisabeth Bassøe , Hofstad Håkon , Smedal Tori , Eide Geir Egil , Næss Halvor , Skouen Jan Sture , Frisk Bente , Daltveit Silje , Strand Liv Inger 
Published: May 2014

ObjectiveTo compare the effects on balance and walking of three models of stroke rehabilitation: early supported discharge with rehabilitation in a day unit or at home, and traditional uncoordinated treatment (control).DesignGroup comparison study within a randomised controlled trial.SettingHospital stroke unit and primary healthcare.ParticipantsInclusion criteria: a score of 2–26 on National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, assessed with Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke (PASS), and discharge directly home from the hospital stroke unit.InterventionsTwo intervention groups were given early supported discharge with treatment in either a day unit or the patient's own home. The controls were offered traditional, uncoordinated treatment.Outcome measuresPrimary: PASS. Secondary: Trunk Impairment Scale—modified Norwegian version; timed Up-and-Go; 5 m timed walk; self-reports on problems with walking, balance, ADL, physical activity, pain and tiredness. The patients were tested before randomisation and 3 months after inclusion.ResultsFrom a total of 306 randomised patients, 167 were tested with PASS at baseline and discharged directly home. 105 were retested at 3 months: mean age 69 years, 63 men, 27 patients in day unit rehabilitation, 43 in home rehabilitation and 35 in a control group. There were no group differences, either at baseline for demographic and test data or for length of stroke unit stay. At 3 months, there was no group difference in change on PASS (p>0.05). Some secondary measures tended to show better outcome for the intervention groups, that is, trunk control, median (95% CI): day unit, 2 (0.28 to 2.31); home rehabilitation, 4 (1.80 to 3.78); control, 1 (0.56 to 2.53), p=0.044; and for self-report on walking, p=0.021 and ADL, p=0.016.ConclusionsThere was no difference in change between the groups for postural balance, but the secondary outcomes indicated that improvement of trunk control and walking was better in the intervention groups than in the control group.Trial registrationThis study is part of the Early Supported Discharge after Stroke in Bergen, ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00771771).
Corticosteroids and risk of gastrointestinal bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Narum Sigrid , Westergren Tone , Klemp Marianne 
Published: May 2014

ObjectiveTo assess whether corticosteroids are associated with increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of randomised, double-blind, controlled trials comparing a corticosteroid to placebo for any medical condition or in healthy participants. Studies with steroids given either locally, as a single dose, or in crossover studies were excluded.Data sourcesLiterature search using MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews between 1983 and 22 May 2013.Outcome measureOutcome measures were the occurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation. Predefined subgroup analyses were carried out for disease severity, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or gastroprotective drugs, and history of peptic ulcer.Results159 studies (N=33 253) were included. In total, 804 (2.4%) patients had a gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation (2.9% and 2.0% for corticosteroids and placebo). Corticosteroids increased the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation by 40% (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.66). The risk was increased for hospitalised patients (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.66). For patients in ambulatory care, the increased risk was not statistically significant (OR 1.63, 95% CI 0.42 to 6.34). Only 11 gastrointestinal bleeds or perforations occurred among 8651 patients in ambulatory care (0.13%). Increased risk was still present in subgroup analyses (studies with NSAID use excluded; OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.71, peptic ulcer as an exclusion criterion excluded; OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.78, and use of gastroprotective drugs excluded; OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.67).ConclusionsCorticosteroid use was associated with increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation. The increased risk was statistically significant for hospitalised patients only. For patients in ambulatory care, the total occurrence of bleeding or perforation was very low, and the increased risk was not statistically significant.
Patient punctuality and clinic performance: observations from an academic-based private practice pain centre: a prospective quality improvement study
Authors: Williams Kayode A , Chambers Chester G , Dada Maqbool , McLeod Julia C , Ulatowski John A 
Published: May 2014

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of an intervention to alter patient unpunctuality. The major hypothesis was that the intervention will change the distribution of patient unpunctuality by decreasing patient tardiness and increasing patient earliness.DesignProspective Quality Improvement.SettingSpecialty Pain Clinic in suburban Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ParticipantsThe patient population ranged in age from 18 to 93 years. All patients presenting to the clinic during the study period were included in the study. The average monthly volume was 86.2 (SD=13) patients. A total of 1500 patient visits were included in this study.InterventionsWe tracked appointment times and patient arrival times at an ambulatory pain clinic. An intervention was made in which patients were informed that tardy patients would not be seen and would be rescheduled. This policy was enforced over a 12-month period.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe distribution of patient unpunctuality was developed preintervention and at 12 months after implementation. Distribution parameters were used as inputs to a discrete event simulation to determine effects of the change in patient unpunctuality on clinic delay.ResultsData regarding patient unpunctuality were gathered by direct observation before and after implementation of the intervention. The mean unpunctuality changed from −20.5 min (110 observations, SD=1.7) preintervention to −23.2 (169, 1.2) at 1 month after the intervention, −23.8 min (69, 1.8) at 6 months and −25.0 min (71, 1.2) after 1 year. The unpunctuality 12 months after initiation of the intervention was significantly different from that prior to the intervention (p<0.05).ConclusionsPhysicians and staff are able to alter patient arrival patterns to reduce patient unpunctuality. Reducing tardiness improves some measures of clinic performance, but may not always improve waiting times. Accommodating early arriving patients does serve to improve clinic performance.
Evidence-informed recommendations for rehabilitation with older adults living with HIV: a knowledge synthesis
Authors: O'Brien Kelly K , Solomon Patricia , Trentham Barry , MacLachlan Duncan , MacDermid Joy , Tynan Anne-Marie , Baxter Larry , Casey Alan , Chegwidden William , Robinson Greg , Tran Todd , Wu Janet , Zack Elisse 
Published: May 2014

ObjectiveOur aim was to develop evidence-informed recommendations for rehabilitation with older adults living with HIV.DesignWe conducted a knowledge synthesis, combining research evidence specific to HIV, rehabilitation and ageing, with evidence on rehabilitation interventions for common comorbidities experienced by older adults with HIV.MethodsWe included highly relevant HIV-specific research addressing rehabilitation and ageing (stream A) and high-quality evidence on the effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions for common comorbidities experienced by older adults ageing with HIV (stream B). We extracted and synthesised relevant data from the evidence to draft evidence-informed recommendations for rehabilitation. Draft recommendations were refined based on people living with HIV (PLHIV) and clinician experience, values and preferences, reviewed by an interprofessional team for Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) (quality) rating and revision and then circulated to PLHIV and clinicians for external endorsement and final refinement. We then devised overarching recommendations to broadly guide rehabilitation with older adults living with HIV.ResultsThis synthesis yielded 8 overarching and 52 specific recommendations. Thirty-six specific recommendations were derived from 108 moderate-level or high-level research articles (meta-analyses and systematic reviews) that described the effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions for comorbidities that may be experienced by older adults with HIV. Recommendations addressed rehabilitation interventions across eight health conditions: bone and joint disorders, cancer, stroke, cardiovascular disease, mental health challenges, cognitive impairments, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes. Sixteen specific recommendations were derived from 42 research articles specific to rehabilitation with older adults with HIV. The quality of evidence from which these recommendations were derived was either low or very low, consisting primarily of narrative reviews or descriptive studies with small sample sizes. Recommendations addressed approaches to rehabilitation assessment and interventions, and contextual factors to consider for rehabilitation with older adults living with HIV.ConclusionsThese evidence-informed recommendations provide a guide for rehabilitation with older adults living with HIV.
Longitudinal cohort survey of women's smoking behaviour and attitudes in pregnancy: study methods and baseline data
Authors: Orton Sophie , Bowker Katharine , Cooper Sue , Naughton Felix , Ussher Michael , Pickett Kate E , Leonardi-Bee Jo , Sutton Stephen , Dhalwani Nafeesa N , Coleman Tim 
Published: May 2014

ObjectivesTo report the methods used to assemble a contemporary pregnancy cohort for investigating influences on smoking behaviour before, during and after pregnancy and to report characteristics of women recruited.DesignLongitudinal cohort survey.SettingTwo maternity hospitals, Nottingham, England.Participants3265 women who attended antenatal ultrasound scan clinics were offered cohort enrolment; those who were 8–26 weeks pregnant and were currently smoking or had recently stopped smoking were eligible. Cohort enrollment took place between August 2011 and August 2012.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrevalence of smoking at cohort entry and at two follow-up time points (34–36 weeks gestation and 3 months postnatally); response rate, participants’ sociodemographic characteristics.Results1101 (33.7%, 95% CI 32.1% to 35.4%) women were eligible for inclusion in the cohort, and of these 850 (77.2%, 95% CI 74.6% to 79.6%) were recruited. Within the cohort, 57.4% (N=488, 95% CI 54.1% to 60.7%) reported to be current smokers. Current smokers were significantly younger than ex-smokers (p<0.05), more likely to have no formal qualifications and to not be in current paid employment compared to recent ex-smokers (p<0.001).ConclusionsThis contemporary cohort, which seeks very detailed information on smoking in pregnancy and its determinants, includes women with comparable sociodemographic characteristics to those in other UK cross-sectional studies and cohorts. This suggests that future analyses using this cohort and aimed at understanding smoking behaviour in pregnancy may produce findings that are broadly generalisable.