bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production and nutrients value of local forage plant in the coastal region of Lebak-Banten
Authors: Fanindi A , Isbandi  , Sutedi E. , Sajimin  , Herdiawan I. , Harmini H. , Baehaki  , Setiawan A. , Solihat I. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The coastal region of Lebak-Banten is home to 30% of the total buffalo population in the Lebak district. To develop the buffalo population in the area, forage plants (FP) need to be available year-round. However, the coastal region is categorized as a marginal area due to its limitations such as high salinity and partial acidity. Developing FP in the coastal area involves introducing superior, salinity or acidity tolerant FP, or increasing production of local FP through cultivation techniques. Research was conducted using a survey method based on distance from the beach (25-100 m, 1 km, and 5 km), reflecting the relocation habits of farmers during both dry and rainy seasons The result of the exploration were cultivated in the Ciawi experimental garden utilizing a randomized completely block design with 5 replications. Cultivated grass was also observed, and the parameters measured were productivity and nutritional value of the forage. Results showed that 15 types of FP could be grown on acidic land, and 5 types on saline land. Axonopus grass had the highest production on a 1m2 area, while Illat Kerbau grass had the highest production per clump. In the saline land, Jotang grass (Comelina benghalensis 1238.33 g/m2) and Japanese grass (584.40 g/m2) had the highest productions. The highest production after planting was achieved with Binuangeun grass (Dactyloctenium aegyptium (38.77 g/clump) and Benggala (Panicum maximum) cv Mombasa grass (2846.7 g/clump) for local and cultivated grasses, respectively. These results demonstrate the potential for developing local grass varieties tolerant to salinity or acidity through breeding or cultivation techniques to achieve optimal production.
The use of body measurements to estimate body, carcass, meat and bone weight of young Jawarandu bucks
Authors: Luthfi N , Sumadi  , Suryani H S , Rianto E 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A study was carried out to determine the relationship between body measurements and body weight, carcass weight and meat weight of Jawarandu bucks in Indonesia. This study used 103 young Jawarandu bucks (6–8 months old). The samples of the young Jawarandu bucks were taken using purposive sampling method in, Salatiga City. Central Java Province, Indonesia. The parameters observed were body height at withers (WH), body length (BL), chest girth (CG), chest width (CW), chest depth (CD), body weight (BW), carcass weight (CW), meat weight (MW), bone weight (BnW) and meat-bone ratio (MBR). The data obtained were analysed by correlation and regression models. In this study, body measurements were highly correlated (P<0.01) with BW, CW, MW and BnW (r = 0.52 – 0.87). The regression model showed that BW, CW, BnW and MBR were affected by WH, BL, HG; CW and CD. The multiple linear regression between body measurements and meat weight showed that the equation for predicting MW of young Jawarandu bucks (R2 = 0.91) was Y = -14,53 + 0,10X1 + 0,34X2 + 0,07X3 + 0,06X4 - 0,53X5. In conclusion, body size could be used to predict the body, carcass, meat and bone weight of Jawarandu bucks.
Assessing the productive potential of high-yielding rice varieties on acid sulfate soils in the tidal swampland of Central Kalimantan
Authors: Khairullah Izhar , Saleh Muhammad 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Tidal swampland holds significant agricultural potential including cultivating rice. Farmers in these regions typically cultivate local rice varieties. Breeding rice techniques have led to the development of superior rice well-suited to thrive in tidal swamplands. This research was conducted on acid sulfate soil within a tidal swampland located in Terusan Karya Village, Kapuas Regency, Central Kalimantan, during the 2021 dry season. The study employed a completely randomized block design with two replications. The experimental treatments comprised nine high-yielding rice varieties: Inpari IR Nutri Zinc, Cakrabuana Agritan, Inpari 3, Inpari 32, Inpari 42, Inpari 47, Inpara 2, Inpara 8, and Inpara 10. The parameters were observed, including plant height, panicle number per hill, panicle length, and grain yield. The high-yielding varieties of rice planted in acid sulfate tidal swamplands exhibit varying growth and yield performances. Grain yields of rice ranged from 5.45 to 7.30 t ha−1 of dry-milled grain. The highest grain yield was shown by Inpari 3 (7.30 t ha−1) and Inpari 32 (7.04 t ha−1). High heritability values are indicated by the traits of dry harvest and milled grains, while wide variability is shown by characters such as plant height, panicle length, grain dry harvest, and dry milled.
Agronomic performance of Ciherang near-isogenic lines for nitrogen use efficiency trait in irrigated lowland paddy field
Authors: Hairmansis A , Hermanasari R , Lestari A P , Yullianida Y , Kurniawan M R , Margaret S , Sitaresmi T , Wibowo B P , Yunani N , Nugraha Y , Obara M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient that affects plant growth and productivity. The consumption of N fertilizer is continuously increasing with the rapid demand for agricultural production. However, the rise in N fertilizer utilization causes higher production costs and leads to a negative impact on the environment. Improvement in nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of rice plants is therefore important for sustainable rice production to reduce N fertilizer consumption while maintaining high grain yield. To improve the NUE of Indonesian elite cultivars, near-isogenic lines (NILs) with Ciherang genetic background have been developed by introducing genes related to N use efficiency, qRL6.1, and actpk1 through backcross breeding. Preliminary yield trials were conducted to evaluate the agronomic performance of CiherangNILqRL6.1 and CiherangNILactpk1 rice lines under optimum N fertilizer conditions in irrigated lowland fields for two seasons, wet season 2021/2022 and dry season 2022. Observations were performed on flowering time, biomass, yield, and yield component of NILs and Ciherang. The result from this preliminary observation indicated that under optimum N fertilizer, the agronomic performance of the NILs was comparable to Ciherang as the genetic background. Some NILs showed higher grain yield compared to Ciherang and were selected for further experiments to evaluate their performance under different N fertilizer conditions.
Multiplication of apical and axillary shoots of coffee arabica using various types of cytokinins
Authors: Ibrahim M S D , Sari L , Noorrohmah S , Hartati R S , Udarno L , Randriani E , Ernawati  , Wardiana E , Dewi A K 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In-vitro shoot multiplication presents a promising avenue for replicating the genetic characteristics of parent plants, commonly utilized in various plant biotechnological techniques such as mutation replication, protoplast fusion, anther culture, and genetic engineering. The primary aim of this research was to assess the impact of different cytokinins on the proliferation of apical and axillary shoots in Arabica coffee multiplication. A Completely Randomized Factorial Design was employed, considering two factors: explant source and cytokinin type. Explants were sourced from both apical and axillary branches of AS2K Arabica coffee plantlets. Three cytokinins, namely 6-Benzyl adenine purine (BAP), isopentenyl adenine (2-IP), and kinetin, were incorporated into the Murashige and Skoog (MS) 1962 basal medium at concentrations of 0, 1, 2, and 3 mg/l. The findings revealed significant effects of all three cytokinins on shoot number, plantlet height, and leaf growth, albeit without influencing root development. Notably, axillary shoot-derived explants demonstrated a more pronounced effect on shoot count compared to those from apical shoots. Among the cytokinin treatments assessed, BAP at a concentration of 2 mg/l in the MS medium yielded optimal results for propagating the AS2K variety of Arabica coffee, thus representing the recommended medium for this purpose.
The preliminary test of the “Ide-Cabe” application on chili seed production
Authors: Kirana R , Hermanto C , Suwarningsih W , Khotimah P H , Rozie A F , Arisal A , Riswantini D , Nugraheni E , Munandar D , Ahmadi N R , Gaswanto R , Harmanto  
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Qualified seeds are the key to the success of chili cultivation. One of the indicators of qualified seeds is the high genetic purity. “Ide-Cabe” is a deep learning application that is developed to identify the genetic purity of chili varieties in the early stage of chili growth. This research aimed to test the application of “Ide-Cabe” in chili seed production has been conducted in the research station of IVEGRI from June to July 2022. The hypothesis proposed in this study is that the application of “Ide-Cabe” recognizes target varieties with a high level of accuracy. The application was tested on the seed production of three chili varieties (Ciko, Kencana, and Tanjung 2). The data obtained from the application was processed statistically using univariate statistics and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results showed that the “Ide-Cabe” application in general was able to recognize chili varieties at the early stages of chili growth. The application of “Ide-Cabe” was able to recognize the Ciko variety by 98%, but it has not been able to recognize the varieties of Kencana and Tanjung 2. The results of the research become the input to the application development team to improve the accuracy of the application through the addition of the number and variety of data sets.
Detection of phytoconstituents present in Spirulina platensis extract by GC-MS analysis and their formulation activities against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vanillae
Authors: Noveriza R , Salsabila H R , Agustini N W S , Priadi D , Deswina P , Adi E Binnaryo M , Melati  , Rusmin D , Sukamto  
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Spirulina platensis represents promising sources of bioactive compounds for pharmaceutical and industrial applications. This study aimed to determine the active compounds in S. platensis extracts (SpE) formulation with three different solvents and in vitro testing against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.vaniliae. This study was conducted from January to July 2023. Identification of the active compounds present in the three SpE formulations was carried out using the GC-MS method. The effectiveness of SpE formulations was carried out with an inhibition test on F. oxysporum using a completely randomized design (CRD). Based on the results of GC-MS analysis, it is known that the main compounds present in the SpE formulation with ethanol solvent (F1) are trilinolein (48.35%), nonadecatriene (12.50%) and cis-9-hexadecenal (6.47%). SpE formulations using ethyl acetate solvent (F2) are cis-9-hexadecenal (19.53%) and benzene dicarboxylic acid (10.73%). SpE formulations using hexane solvent (F3) are oxacycloheptadec (24.83%) and octadecanoic acid (10.41%). Based on the results of Particle Size Analysis (PSA), it is known that the F1 formulation measures 59.22 µm, the F2 (7.22 µm), and the F3 (7.84 µm). The effectiveness testing of the three formulations showed that the SpE formulation with different solvents effectively inhibited the growth of the fungus F. oxysporum with an average inhibition of 8.41% - 100% compared to the control. F2 treatment with 10% and 15% concentrations resulted in the highest inhibition effect, namely 100%. The 10% and 15% concentrations in the F1 treatment were 8.41% and 39.67%, respectively. The F3 treatment produced 0% inhibition because the growth of the fungus F. oxysporum was better than that of the control. This study implies that SpE formulation with ethanol and ethyl acetate solvents has the potential as an antifungal, especially for F. oxysporum. From this study, the active compounds that act as antifungals are cis-9-hexadecenal, benzene dicarboxylic acid and diisooctyl phthalate.
Evaluation of three different DNA extraction methods for the detection of Pepper yellow leaf curl virus (PepYLCV) by Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Paradisa Y B , Hidayat S H , Saputra A , Wahyuni  , Hartati N S , Prananingrum P , Herliana L , Chairunisa  , Zainuddin IM , Indrayani S , Sulistyowati Y , Perdani AY , Fidriyanto R , Adi EBM 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Pepper yellow leaf curl virus (PepYLCV) from the genus Begomovirus infecting Chili pepper plant can cause significant yield losses. PepYLCV infection can lead the development of mosaic yellow, mottled pattern and yellowing leaves, which can be challenging in disease management and control. Developing effective detection methods for PepYLCV is a critical disease management and crop loss mitigation. The Begomovirus viruses have extremely low viral concentrations and are limited to the phloem and vascular system. DNA extraction is an important step in PepYLCV detection. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of three DNA extraction methods: phenol-based extraction, CTAB-based extraction, and the GeneJET Plant Genomic DNA Purification Kit (Thermo Scientific™). These methods were evaluated for their performance to identified the presence of PepYLCV DNA and provide accurate results for further analyses. DNA samples were extracted from two varieties including Red Habanero and F8 012328-6-2-1-1-3-1, and were subsequently amplified using Krusty Homer’s primers. The results showed that all three extraction methods possess the capability to identify PepYLCV. Based on the results, DNA extraction employing the CTAB-based method yields DNA with higher concentration and purity levels. Additionally, this method proves to be cost-effective and proficient in generating higher DNA concentrations.
Investigation on the mechanical properties of wood-plastic composites for the application of ceiling panels
Authors: Yeshiwas Teshager Awoke , Yigezu Belete Sirhabizu , Desalegn Yiene Molla 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Wood-plastic composites are relatively novel composite materials that consist of a blend of wood flour waste with high-density polyethylene and polypropylene plastic waste, designed for use in ceiling applications. Various samples were produced using different ratios from the total weight, including 20:80, 30:70, and 40:60, with sieve sizes of 0.425 mm, 1.18 mm, and 2 mm. The composites were created by melting plastics and sawdust at a temperature of 1800c utilizing the hot-press moldings technique employing diverse formulations. The properties of sample composites were analyzed experimentally based on ASTM standards to investigate water absorption levels as well as flexural strength, impact resistance hardness along with surface morphology via the design of experiments. This research study indicates that nine composite formulations consisting of HDPE and PP plastics combined with wood flour can produce favorable physio-mechanical properties. Among these various combination specimens tested in this study FS3/FC30N exhibited excellent physio-mechanical properties; including desirable values such as water absorption level at 5.5103%, flexural strength at 61.12 Mpa, impact resistance measuring 33.45 J cm−2, and hardness rating up to 80 RHB. Thus it is highly recommended for use in chipboard ceiling panel applications due to its potential benefits.
High-density 3D-NAND flash with dual-string select line (D-SSL)
Authors: Kwak Been , Kwon Daewoong , Yun Jang-Gn 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this study, high-density 3D-NAND flash memory is proposed. Using D-SSL, lateral shrink of cell area can be achieved by distinguishing two strings in a word-line (WL). We verify erase/program and read characteristics using technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulations with rigorous calibrated condition. The proposed high density NAND flash has normally-on state SSLs through additional process and electrical treatment. In the conventional reference NAND flash, the cell string connected to the bit-line (BL) is distinguished by WL cut (WLC). On the other hand, in the proposed high density NAND flash, the cell string is selected by utilizing the normally-on state SSLs using trapped hole and doped arsenic at the intersection of SSL1 and SSL2. Compared with the conventional scheme, the proposed D-SSL exhibits almost same erase/program and read characteristics. Consequently, the proposed D-SSL scheme can increase memory density with reduced number of WLCs by distinguishing strings using D-SSL.
Helicopter cockpit speech recognition method based on transfer learning and context biasing
Authors: Wang Guotao , Wang Jiaqi , Wang Shicheng , Wu Qianyu , Teng Yuru 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Currently, Chinese speech recognition technology is generally designed for common domains, primarily focusing on accurate recognition of standard Mandarin Chinese in low-noise environments. However, helicopter cockpit speech presents unique challenges, characterized by high-noise environments, specific industry jargon, low contextual relevance, and a lack of publicly available datasets. To address these issues, this paper proposes a helicopter cockpit speech recognition method based on transfer learning and context biasing. By fine-tuning a general speech recognition model, we aim to better adapt it to the characteristics of speech in helicopter cockpits. This study explores noise reduction processing, context biasing, and speed perturbation in helicopter cockpit speech data. Combining pre-trained models with language models, we conduct transfer training to develop a specialized model for helicopter cockpit speech recognition. Finally, the effectiveness of this method is validated using a real dataset. Experimental results show that, on the helicopter speech dataset, this method reduces the word error rate from 72.69% to 12.58%. Furthermore, this approach provides an effective solution for small-sample speech recognition, enhancing model performance on limited datasets.
Evaluating the bio-functionalities of Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy after surface modification using electrical discharge machining
Authors: Singh Vijender , Katyal Puneet , Kumar Kamal , Sharma Neeraj , Kumar Ajay 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The present work evaluates the influence of surface modification on the bio-functionalities of Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy in terms of apatite formation, metal ion release rate and anti-bacterial activities. The surface modification in the form of change in surface integrity, and increases in the exposed surface area, has been achieved using wire-electrical discharge machining (WEDM) and electrical discharge μ-drilling(EDD). Due to high discharge energies, molten material will deposit on the parent material (recast layer), which increases the surface roughness (parent surface 0.5 μm to 2.34 μm) and hardness (patent material 304VH to 385VH) after subsequent re-solidification and quenching. Surface roughness and hardness near the micro-drilled hole are observed to increase. After surface modification, the apatite formation is increased on Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy with increasing immersion time and the ion released rate was found lowest on the WEDMed surface as compared to micro drilled and polished surface. Field-emission electron scanning microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) observations confirmed the presence of phosphate and calcium ions on the WEDMed surface and nearby the micro-drilled surface. The variation in colour of the simulated body fluid (SBF) after the immersion of WEDMed, EDD, and polished samples indicates the variable effecton pH levels of the SBF solution for three types of samples.The anti-bacterial bioactivity of Ti-6Al-7Nb was found to be better on the WEDMed surface as compared to polished surfaces, which is due to the formation of a rutile-TiO2 layer on WEDMed surface.
Waveform optimization for future wireless communication: numerical simulation under mobile and vehicular scenarios in 5G and beyond
Authors: Mishra Tarun , Upadhyaya Vivek , Mathur Garima 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) are multicarrier regulating systems developed for quick communication. OFDM and its improved multi-carrier regulation technique employ equally distributed orthogonal sub-carriers for the transmission of data. These sub-carriers are modified using a conventional tweak plot, maintaining full information rates comparable to single carrier regulation schemes. The research also compares the two 5G modulation techniques, FBMC and UFMC, to OFDM, the 4G communication modulation technology. To evaluate the benefits of each contender, we compare important characteristics of different modulation approaches. The research compares the 5G modulation techniques FBMC and UFMC to OFDM, focusing on factors like power spectrum density, spectral efficiency, Bit Error rate, and Peak to Average Power Radio. To boost channel capacity and decrease interferences, the approach merges three alternative 5G waveforms under the LTE-V paradigm which is a specialized mode or configuration of Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology designed specifically for vehicular communication. MATLAB simulations show that FBMC performs better in terms of BER and capacity. In scenarios characterized by high interference due to power domain multiplexing and vehicular environment, FBMC demonstrates a maximum capacity that is 3.5 times greater than OFDM. However, in low-interference conditions, FBMC’s capacity exceeds UFMC’s by only a marginal 5%.
Scaling traffic variables from sensors sample to the entire city at high spatiotemporal resolution with machine learning: applications to the Paris megacity
Authors: Bonnemaizon Xavier , Ciais Philippe , Zhou Chuanlong , Arous Simon Ben , Davis Steven J , Megel Nicolas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Road transportation accounts for up to 35% of carbon dioxide and 49% of nitrogen oxides emissions in the Paris region. However, estimates of city traffic patterns are often incomplete and of coarse spatio-temporal resolution, even where extensive networks of sensors exist. This study uses a machine learning approach to analyze data from 2086 magnetic road sensors across Paris, generating a detailed dataset of hourly traffic flow and road occupancy covering 6846 road segments from 2018 to 2022. Our model captures flow and occupancy with a symmetric mean absolute percentage error of 37% and 54% respectively, providing high-resolution insights into traffic patterns. These insights allow for the creation of a comprehensive map of hourly transportation patterns in Paris, offering a robust framework for assessing traffic variables for each significant road link in the city. The model’s ability to incorporate an emission factor based on the mean speed of the vehicle fleet, derived from flow and occupancy data, holds promise for developing a detailed CO2 and pollutant inventory. This methodology is not limited to Paris; it can be applied to other urban centers with similar data availability, highlighting its potential as a versatile tool for sustainable urban monitoring.
Collective Agency and Objective/Normative Representations
Authors: Tomasello Michael 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides a review and novel analysis of the literature of preschoolers’ shared cognition based on the principles of collective agency and objective/normative representations. As preschool youngsters are becoming ever more competent and independent as individual agents, they are at the same time becoming ever more dependent on the social group in which they live. To find their way in the group children must not only make many of their own decisions, but they must also conform to the way things are conventionally and normatively done in the group—such that they are able to collaborate and communicate effectively with all its members, including those they have never met before. Preschool youngsters are gradually coming to identify with a collective “we,” encompassing not just collaborative partners of the moment but everyone who identifies with “our” ways of doing things.