bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Saponaria Officinalis L. Or Panax Ginseng C.A Meyer Triterpenoid Saponins on Ruminal Fermentation in Vitro / Wpływ Saponin Triterpenowych Saponaria Officinalis L. Lub Panax Ginseng C.A. Meyer Na Przemiany Zachodzące W Żwaczu W Warunkach In Vitro
Authors: Szczechowiak Joanna , Szumacher-Strabel Małgorzata , Stochmal Anna , Nadolna Magdalena , Pers-Kamczyc Emilia , Nowak Agnieszka , Kowalczyk Mariusz , Cieślak Adam 
Published: October 2013

Abstract This study examined the potential effects of Saponaria officinalis (SO) or Panax ginseng (PG) saponins supplemented to diets differing in the proportion of forage to concentrate on rumen microbial fermentation and methane production in vitro. Two experiments were carried out using the rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC). In the first experiment the substrate was comprised of a mixture of meadow hay and corn meal in a ratio of 60:40 dry matter (DM; high forage diet; HF). In the second experiment low forage diet (LF) consisting of meadow hay and corn meal in the ratio of 40:60 DM was used. Diets were supplemented with dried roots of SO or PG to provide 1% of triterpenoid saponins in dietary dry matter. All triterpenoid sources significantly (P≤0.05) decreased number of protozoa, by 50% and 72% respectively when HF diet was analysed (first experiment). There were no changes in methane production. In the second experiment (LF), the potential to mitigate methane production was reported for both SO and PG addition, however only in PG a decrease in the protozoal population was detected. Supplementation of plants rich in triterpenoid saponins has been identified as a diet dependent potential factor which has an important role in modulation of rumen fermentation processes. However, further studies are needed to evaluate their effect in animal production.
Effect of Water Supplementation with Herbal Extracts on Broiler Chicken Welfare / Wpływ Dodatku Do Wody Ekstraktów Ziołowych Na Dobrostan Kurcząt Brojlerów
Authors: Skomorucha Iwona , Sosnówka-Czajka Ewa 
Published: October 2013

Abstract This study investigated the effect of adding extracts from selected herbs to water on alleviation of broiler stress associated with intensive production, and thus on improvement of welfare. In experimental groups (II, III and IV), alcoholic extracts from chamomile inflorescence (Matricaria chamomilla L.), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) or from St John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.), respectively, were added to water drinkers (2 ml ∙ l-1 water) from 21 to 35 days of rearing for 5 h/day. Throughout the experiment, body weight, feed and water intake and number of dead birds were recorded once a week. At 21, 28, 35 and 42 days of rearing, blood was collected from 7 birds in each group to determine the levels of corticosterone, cholesterol, glucose, and the immunoglobulin complex. The response of birds to the herbal additives was positive. The herb extracts contributed to a decrease in cholesterol level and an increase in the level of the immunoglobulin complex in the blood. Supplementation of water with chamomile and St John’s wort extracts contributed to an increase in body weight, while the extracts from lemon balm and St John’s wort also had a positive effect on broiler survival. The results obtained indicate that out of the three herbs chosen for the experiment, St John’s wort extract proved the most efficient in relieving the body’s physiological response to stress, and thus in improving welfare.
Carbonization of biomass – an efficient tool to decrease the emission of CO2
Authors: Kobyłecki Rafał , Ścisłowska Mariola , Bis Zbigniew 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The paper presents the results and analysis of biomass processing in order to provide the conditions for the most profitable use of the biomass in modern and efficient power generation systems with particular attention put on the decrease of the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) and no need to develop carbon capture and storage plants. The promising concept of CO2 storage via the production of biochar and the advantages of its application as a promising carbon sink is also presented and the results are supported by authors’ own experimental data. The idea enables the production of electricity, as well as (optionally) heat and cold from the thermal treatment of biomass with simultaneous storage of the CO2 in a stable and environmentally-friendly way. The key part of the process is run in a specially-designed reactor where the biomass is heated up in the absence of oxygen. The evolved volatile matter is used to produce heat/cold and electricity while the remaining solid product (almost completely dry residue) is sequestrated in soil. The results indicate that in order to reduce the emission of CO2 the biomass should rather be ‘cut and char’ than just ‘cut and burn’, particularly that the charred biomass may also become a significant source of nutrients for the plants after sequestration in soil.
Effect of thermal treatment on antioxidant activity and colour of carrot purées
Authors: Damian Cristina , Oroian Mircea 
Published: October 2013

AbstractTotal antioxidant activity, levels of bio-active compound groups and instrumental colour of carrot purée subjected to thermal treatment (70°C/2 min) were measured. The method applied to the dosage of ascorbic acid was with 2,6-diclorophenolindophenol. Total phenols (TP) in purée were determined using the Folin- Ciocalteau method and antioxidant activity by the use of DPPH free radical method. The colour of the samples was measured using a Hunter-Lab colour meter. Heat treatment caused a rapid decrease in ascorbic acid. Phenolic contents were in general unaffected by thermal treatment. Colour parameters were significantly affected by thermal treatment. This provides a helpful tool for understanding the effect of processing on colour variation of carrot purée in a broader spectrum. Industrial relevance: This research paper provides scientific evidence of the influence of thermal treatments in retaining important bioactive compounds.
Relation between soil temperature and biophysical parameters in Indian mustard seeds
Authors: Adak T. , Chakravarty N.V.K. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Temporal changes in surface soil temperature were studied in winter crop. Significant changes in bare and cropped soil temperature were revealed. Air temperature showed a statistically positive and strong relationship (R2 = 0.79** to 0.92**) with the soil temperature both at morning and afternoon hours. Linear regression analysis indicated that each unit increase in ambient temperature would lead to increase in minimum and maximum soil temperatures by 1.04 and 1.02 degree, respectively. Statistically positive correlation was revealed among biophysical variables with the cumulative surface soil temperature. Linear and non-linear regression analysis indicated 62-69, 72-86 and 72-80% variation in Leaf area index, dry matter production and heat use efficiency in Indian mustard crop as a function of soil degree days. Below 60% variation in yield in Indian mustard was revealed as a function of soil temperature. In contrast, non-significant relationship between oil content and soil temperature was found, which suggests that oil accumulation in oilseed crops was not affected significantly by the soil temperature as an independent variable.
Effect of electromagnetic stimulation of alfalfa seeds
Authors: Ćwintal M. , Dziwulska-Hunek A. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
In the conducted experiments the effect of presowing He-Ne laser light, magnetic field stimulation or the combination of these two factors of alfalfa seeds on the field emergence, structure and yields in the year of sowing and during three following years of full land use were studied. The examined factors had a significant effect on the number of shoots per 1 m2, plant height, mass of shoots, fresh and dry mass. Electromagnetic stimulation resulted in a significant increase in alfalfa seeds emergence (from 35% - control to 47.8% - magnetic field), number of shoots per 1m2 (from 608 - control to 813 - laser light in cut), but a decrease of the mass of the shoots (from 0.61 g - control to 0.50 g - laser light).
Water retention of arctic zone soils (Spitsbergen)
Authors: Melke J. , Witkowska-Walczak B. , Bartmiński P. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The water retention characteristics of the arctic zone soils ((TurbicCryosol (Skeletic), TurbicCryosols (Siltic, Skeletic) and BrunicTurbicCryosol (Arenic)) derived in different micro-relief forms were determined. Water retention curves were similar in their course for the mud boils, cell forms, and sorted circles ie for TurbicCryosols. For these forms, the mud boils showed the highest water retention ability, whereas the sorted circles - the lowest one. Water retention curves for the tundra polygons (Brunic TurbicCryosol, Arenic) were substantially different from these mentioned above. The tundra polygons were characterized by the lowest bulk density of 1.26 g cm-3, whereas the sorted circles (TurbicCryosol, Skeletic) - the highest: 1.88 g cm-3. Total porosity was the highest for the tundra polygons (52.4 and 55.5%) and the lowest - for the sorted circles (28.8 and 26.2%). Pore size distribution of the investigated soils showed that independently of depths, the highest content of large and medium pores was noticed for the tundra polygons ie 21.2-24.2 and 19.9-18.7%, respectively. The lowest content of large pores was observed for the cell forms (6.4-5.9%) whereas the mud boils exhibited the lowest amount of medium sized pores (12.2-10.4%) (both TurbicCryosols Siltic, Skeletic). The highest content of small pores was detected in the mud boils - 20.4 and 19.0%.
Effect of the moisture content on the physical properties of bitter gourd seed
Authors: Ünal H. , Alpsoy H.C. , Ayhan A. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Some physical and germination properties of bitter gourd seed were determined in a moisture content range of 9.3-32.1% d.b. For this moisture, the average length, width, and thickness of seed increased by 3.68, 4.07, and 4.56%, respectively. The geometric properties increased with increasing moisture content. The bulk density and rupture force decreased while thousand seed mass, true density, porosity, terminal velocity and static coefficient of friction increased with increasing moisture content. At all moisture contents, the maximum friction was offered by rubber, followed by plywood, aluminum, and galvanized iron surface. The seed germination duration, seedling emergence percentage, and germination index values gave the best results at the 19.9% moisture content, whereas fresh seedling mass was not affected by different moisture contents.
Effect of drought and heat stresses on plant growth and yield: a review
Authors: Lipiec J. , Doussan C. , Nosalewicz A. , Kondracka K. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Drought and heat stresses are important threat limitations to plant growth and sustainable agriculture worldwide. Our objective is to provide a review of plant responses and adaptations to drought and elevated temperature including roots, shoots, and final yield and management approaches for alleviating adverse effects of the stresses based mostly on recent literature. The sections of the paper deal with plant responses including root growth, transpiration, photosynthesis, water use efficiency, phenotypic flexibility, accumulation of compounds of low molecular mass (eg proline and gibberellins), and expression of some genes and proteins for increasing the tolerance to the abiotic stresses. Soil and crop management practices to alleviate negative effects of drought and heat stresses are also discussed. Investigations involving determination of plant assimilate partitioning, phenotypic plasticity, and identification of most stress-tolerant plant genotypes are essential for understanding the complexity of the responses and for future plant breeding. The adverse effects of drought and heat stress can be mitigated by soil management practices, crop establishment, and foliar application of growth regulators by maintaining an appropriate level of water in the leaves due to osmotic adjustment and stomatal performance.
Somatic Mutation and Polymorphism Analysis in Pleomorphic Adenomas of the Salivary Glands / SOMATSKE MUTACIJE I ANALIZA POLIMORFIZAMA U PLEOMORFNIM ADENOMIMA PLJUVAČNIH ŽLEZDA
Authors: Nikolič Nađa , Aničić Boban , Tepavčević Zvezdana , Jezdić Zoran , Čarkić Jelena , Toljić Boško , Dedović-Tanić Nasta , Konstantinović Vitomir , Vukadinović Miroslav , Milašin Jelena 
Published: October 2013

Summary
Background: Genetic studies of salivary gland neoplasms were mainly focused on chromosomal changes, and some specific patterns of chromosome translocations have been described. However, molecular alterations, in particular the role of HER-2/H-ras/c-myc signalling cascade in pleomor- phic adenoma pathogenesis (PA), are less well characterized. In addition, data on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as potential susceptibility factors for PA development are also quite scarce.
Methods: Mutational analyses were performed by means of real-time PCR (HER-2 and c-myc amplification analysis), PCR-SSCP and sequencing (H-ras point mutation detec- tion). Polymorphisms analysis was performed by PCR-RFLP (survivin and MMP-9 genes).
Results: Amplification of HER-2 and c-myc has been found in 13% and 9% of PA cases respectively. Point mutations in H-ras codons 12/13 have been detected in 17% of PAs. No correlation could be established between these alterations and clinical characteristics of PAs, whereas they might play a role in a subset of malignant salivary gland tumours. As for survivin -31 G/C polymorphism, C allele carriers had a 4-fold decrease of the risk of developing PA (p=0.05). Carriers of the variant allele T of the -1562C/T SNP in MMP-9 gene had a 4-fold increase of the risk of developing PA (p<0.001).
Conclusions: A longer follow-up of PA patients harbouring mutations could uncover a prognostic role of HER-2 and c- myc amplification as predictors of adenoma transformation into carcinoma. Both survivin and MMP-9 promoter poly- morphisms represent susceptibility factors for the develop- ment of PAs in the Serbian population.
TP53 and C-MYC Co-Alterations – A Hallmark of Oral Cancer Progression / SIMULTANA ALTERACIJA TP53 I C-MYC GENA – OBELEŽJE PROGRESIJE ORALNIH KARCINOMA
Authors: Tanić Nasta , Milašin Jelena , Dramićanin Tatjana , Bošković Maja , Vukadinović Miroslav , Milošević Verica , Tanić Nikola 
Published: October 2013

Summary
Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, including oral cancer, is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Despite advances in surgery and treatment, the 5-year survival rate has not improved significantly. There- fore, reliable molecular markers for oral cancer progression are badly needed.
Methods: We conducted a copy number analysis to esti- mate amplification status of c-myc, cycD1 and EGFR onco- genes, mutational PCR-SSCP analysis to determine activa- tion of H-ras oncogene and inactivation of TP55 tumour suppressor gene and methylation specific PCR analysis to evaluate hypermethylation of p16 and MGMT genes.
Results: c-myc oncogene was amplified in 56.7%, cycD1 in 20% and EGFR in 16.7% of Oral Squamous Cell Carci- noma (OSCC) cases while H-ras was activated in 33.3% of samples. Amplification of c-myc was significantly associat- ed with the tumour grade 2. Interestingly, EGFR and H-ras alterations were mutually exclusive. p16 and MGMT were inactivated by hypermethylation in 30% and 13.3% of cases. Co-alteration of cycD1 and p16 were not observed in any of the analyzed samples. TP53 was inactivated in 56.7% of samples and was significantly associated with progression of OSCC, grade 2 and stage 2. Moreover, TP55 and c-myc oncogene were simultaneously altered in grade 2 OSCC.
Conclusions: The most promising marker of OSCC pro- gression remains the TP53 tumour suppressor, which is the most frequently mutated gene in oral cancers. Since there is synergism between TP55 and c-myc, it seems that co- alteration of these two genes could be also a good marker of OSCC progression from gradel to grade 2 tumours.
Integrating Management Competencies Development with an Organizational Culture Formation
Authors: Pavlica Karel , Jarošová Eva , Kaiser Robert B. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The paper presents the first results of the IGA/2012/7 project “Versatility of Organizational Management and its Reflection in the Area of Organizational Culture“. The paper tries to answer in particular a question if there exist and what are the relations between a process of management competencies development and process of organizational culture creation and change. The research is based upon two methods: (1) Leadership Versatility Index® (LVI ®) and Denison Organizational Culture Survey (DOCS). The research data are presented in a form of two cases. Qualitative analysis of these data has led to two preliminary conclusions: (1) Some of the research expectations concerning an existence of the relations between organization´s management versatility and organizational culture might be confirmed in a future; (2) DOCS data can bring a new light on the LVI ® results and on the process of management competencies development. They help managers to understand that a change and development of their management competencies is not their personal business but a need with important strategic consequences for the whole organization. Reliable answers to all research questions and hypothesises are conditioned by a statistical analysis of the data collected in more organizations, however.
Motivations of Iranian University Students for Participation in Sporting Activities
Authors: Mirsafian Hamidreza , Mohamadinejad Azadeh , Homaei Reza , Hédi Csaba 
Published: October 2013

Abstract This study was designed to reveal university students’ motivations for sport. A sample of 934 students (male: 47.4%; female: 52.6%) with different educational levels and fields of study were involved in our research. A revised and developed scale was employed for measuring the students’ motivation. Inferential and descriptive statistics were used to describe the differences in students’ motivations for sport. The results indicated that having fun and experiencing joy, maintaining physical and mental health, and having a fit body were rated most frequently as the students’ motivations for sport; whereas spending leisure time, being with friends, and participating in competitions were found as the lowest motivational dimensions. Furthermore, various motivational differences could be observed between students regarding their gender, age, educational level, and field of study. In conclusion, it is suggested that preparing special plans based on the students’ different motivations and on their special needs for sport could improve their participation rate in sporting activities.
Incidental uptake of 18F-fluorocholine (FCH) in the head or in the neck of patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Hodolic Marina , Huchet Virginie , Balogova Sona , Michaud Laure , Kerrou Khaldoun , Nataf Valérie , Cimitan Marino , Fettich Jure , Talbot Jean-Noël 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Background. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) with 18F-fluorocholine (FCH) is routinely performed in patients with prostate cancer. In this clinical context, foci of FCH uptake in the head or in the neck were considered as incidentalomas, except for those suggestive of multiple bone metastases.
Results. In 8 patients the incidental focus corresponded to a benign tumour. The standard of truth was histology in two cases, correlative imaging with MRI in four cases, 99mTc-SestaMIBI scintigraphy, ultrasonography and biochemistry in one case and biochemistry including PTH assay in one case. The final diagnosis of benign tumours consisted in 3 pituitary adenomas, 2 meningiomas, 2 hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands and 1 thyroid adenoma. Malignancy was proven histologically in 2 other patients: 1 papillary carcinoma of the thyroid and 1 cerebellar metastasis.
Conclusions. To the best of our knowledge, FCH uptake by pituitary adenomas or hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands has never been described previously. We thus discuss whether there might be a future indication for FCH PET/ CT when one such tumour is already known or suspected: to detect a residual or recurrent pituitary adenoma after surgery, to guide surgery or radiotherapy of a meningioma or to localise a hyperfunctioning parathyroid gland. In these potential indications, comparative studies with reference PET tracers or with 99mTc-sestaMIBI in case of hyperparathyroidism could be undertaken.
New Method for Determination of Adjustment Corrections for Crane Rail Axes
Authors: Kamiński Waldemar 
Published: October 2013

Abstract Electronic tacheometers are currently a standard instrument used in geodetic work, including also geodetic engineering measurements. One of the many applications of tacheometers in engineering geodesy are 3D control measurements of crane rail axes. This paper proposes a new method of computing adjustment corrections for crane rail axes based on 3D polar measurements performed with an electronic tacheometer. The intermediary method with conditions on parameters was used in the solution of the problem. The theoretical discussion was complemented with an example application on simulated results of observations. The obtained results confirmed the theoretical assumptions and encourage the verification of the presented proposal on practical examples.
Dynamics analysis of fractional order Yu-Wang system
Authors: Bhalekar Sachin 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Fractional order version of a dynamical system introduced by Yu and Wang (Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, 2, (2012) 209–215) is discussed in this article. The basic dynamical properties of the system are studied. Minimum effective dimension 0.942329 for the existence of chaos in the proposed system is obtained using the analytical result. For chaos detection, we have calculated maximum Lyapunov exponents for various values of fractional order. Feedback control method is then used to control chaos in the system. Further, the system is synchronized with itself and with fractional order financial system using active control technique. Modified Adams-Bashforth-Moulton algorithm is used for numerical simulations.