bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonality of tropical Pacific decadal trends associated with the 21st century global warming hiatus
Authors: Amaya Dillon J. , Xie Shang‐Ping , Miller Arthur J. , McPhaden Michael J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractEquatorial Pacific changes during the transition from a nonhiatus period (pre‐1999) to the present global warming hiatus period (post‐1999) are identified using a combination of reanalysis and observed data sets. Results show increased surface wind forcing has excited significant changes in wind‐driven circulation. Over the last two decades, the core of the Equatorial Undercurrent intensified at a rate of 6.9 cm s−1 decade−1. Similarly, equatorial upwelling associated with the shallow meridional overturning circulation increased at a rate of 2.0 × 10−4 cm s−1 decade−1 in the central Pacific. Further, a seasonal dependence is identified in the sea surface temperature trends and in subsurface dynamics. Seasonal variations are evident in reversals of equatorial surface flow trends, changes in subsurface circulation, and seasonal deepening/shoaling of the thermocline. Anomalous westward surface flow drives cold‐water zonal advection from November to February, leading to surface cooling from December through May. Conversely, eastward surface current anomalies in June–July drive warm‐water zonal advection producing surface warming from July to November. An improved dynamical understanding of how the tropical Pacific Ocean responds during transitions into hiatus events, including its seasonal structure, may help to improve future predictability of decadal climate variations.
A paleoclimate rainfall reconstruction in the Murray‐Darling Basin (MDB), Australia: 1. Evaluation of different paleoclimate archives, rainfall networks, and reconstruction techniques
Authors: Ho Michelle , Kiem Anthony S. , Verdon‐Kidd Danielle C. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractFrom ∼1997 to 2009 the Murray‐Darling Basin (MDB), Australia's largest water catchment and reputed “food bowl,” experienced a severe drought termed the “Millennium Drought” or “Big Dry” followed by devastating floods in the austral summers of 2010/2011, 2011/2012, and 2012/2013. The magnitude and severity of these extreme events highlight the limitations associated with assessing hydroclimatic risk based on relatively short instrumental records (∼100 years). An option for extending hydroclimatic records is through the use of paleoclimate records. However, there are few in situ proxies of rainfall or streamflow suitable for assessing hydroclimatic risk in Australia and none are available in the MDB. In this paper, available paleoclimate records are reviewed and those of suitable quality for hydroclimatic risk assessments are used to develop preinstrumental information for the MDB. Three different paleoclimate reconstruction techniques are assessed using two instrumental rainfall networks: (1) corresponding to rainfall at locations where rainfall‐sensitive Australian paleoclimate archives currently exist and (2) corresponding to rainfall at locations identified as being optimal for explaining MDB rainfall variability. It is shown that the optimized rainfall network results in a more accurate model of MDB rainfall compared to reconstructions based on rainfall at locations where paleoclimate rainfall proxies currently exist. This highlights the importance of first identifying key locations where existing and as yet unrealized paleoclimate records will be most useful in characterizing variability. These results give crucial insight as to where future investment and research into developing paleoclimate proxies for Australia could be most beneficial, with respect to better understanding instrumental, preinstrumental and potential future variability in the MDB.
Linking age, survival, and transit time distributions
Authors: Calabrese Salvatore , Porporato Amilcare 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAlthough the concepts of age, survival, and transit time have been widely used in many fields, including population dynamics, chemical engineering, and hydrology, a comprehensive mathematical framework is still missing. Here we discuss several relationships among these quantities by starting from the evolution equation for the joint distribution of age and survival, from which the equations for age and survival time readily follow. It also becomes apparent how the statistical dependence between age and survival is directly related to either the age dependence of the loss function or the survival‐time dependence of the input function. The solution of the joint distribution equation also allows us to obtain the relationships between the age at exit (or death) and the survival time at input (or birth), as well as to stress the symmetries of the various distributions under time reversal. The transit time is then obtained as a sum of the age and survival time, and its properties are discussed along with the general relationships between their mean values. The special case of steady state case is analyzed in detail. Some examples, inspired by hydrologic applications, are presented to illustrate the theory with the specific results.
A measurement‐based approach to designing fault‐tolerant controllers for multivariable systems
Authors: Kallakuri Pavana Sirisha , Keel Lee H. , Bhattacharyya Shankar P. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryThis paper presents new methodologies to design a set of controllers such that every controller in the set preserves closed‐loop stability of a given multivariable plant under prescribed loop failures. The proposed approaches differ from existing techniques in two ways: First, our methods are strictly based on frequency response data of the plant that can be easily measured by experiments. No mathematical models or system identification processes are used. Second, while most control design methods find one controller, we design a set of controllers satisfying the control objective. Two approaches are presented with examples illustrating the respective advantages. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Supramolekulare Assays zur Lokalisation von Enzymaktivität durch Verdrängungs‐induzierte Änderungen in der Magnetisierungstransfer‐NMR‐Spektroskopie mit hyperpolarisiertem 129Xe
Authors: Schnurr Matthias , Sloniec‐Myszk Jagoda , Döpfert Jörg , Schröder Leif , Hennig Andreas 
Published: October 2015

AbstractReversibel gebundenes Xenon ist ein empfindlicher Reporter für die NMR‐Spektroskopie und MRT, dessen Resonanzfrequenz durch die chemische Umgebung des Wirtmoleküls beeinflusst wird. Die molekulare Bildgebung von Enzymaktivität ist ein vielversprechender Ansatz zur Identifizierung von Krankheiten, allerdings sind aktuelle Konzepte für Xe‐Biosensoren insofern eingeschränkt, als dass die Konvertierung des Substrates gewöhnlich nur einen geringen Einfluss auf die chemische Verschiebung von Xe innerhalb der maßgeschneiderten Kavität hat. Wir nutzen nun die Fähigkeit des Produktes der enzymatischen Reaktion, selbst an die makrocyclischen Wirtmoleküle CB6 und CB7 zu binden und dabei Xe zu verdrängen. Diese Methode eignet sich dazu, auf Basis von Änderungen des Magnetisierungstransfers von hyperpolarisiertem Xe unter verschiedenen Sättigungsbedingungen Bereiche mit Enzymaktivität abzubilden.
Synthesis of Triborylalkenes from Terminal Alkynes by Iridium‐Catalyzed Tandem CH Borylation and Diboration
Authors: Lee Chun‐I , Shih Wei‐Chun , Zhou Jia , Reibenspies Joseph H. , Ozerov Oleg V. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA two‐step reaction to convert terminal alkynes into triborylalkenes is reported. In the first step, the terminal alkyne and pinacolborane (HBpin) are converted into an alkynylboronate, which is catalyzed by an iridium complex supported by a SiNN pincer ligand. In the second step, treatment of the reaction mixture with CO generates a new catalyst which mediates dehydrogenative diboration of alkynylboronate with pinacolborane. The mechanism of the diboration remains unclear but it does not proceed via intermediacy of hydroboration products or via B2pin2.
Graphitic Carbon Nitride Polymers toward Sustainable Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Zheng Yun , Lin Lihua , Wang Bo , Wang Xinchen 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAs a promising two‐dimensional conjugated polymer, graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) has been utilized as a low‐cost, robust, metal‐free, and visible‐light‐active photocatalyst in the field of solar energy conversion. This Review mainly describes the latest advances in g‐C3N4 photocatalysts for water splitting. Their application in CO2 conversion, organosynthesis, and environmental purification is also briefly discussed. The methods to modify the electronic structure, nanostructure, crystal structure, and heterostructure of g‐C3N4, together with correlations between its structure and performance are illustrated. Perspectives on the challenges and opportunities for the future exploration of g‐C3N4 photocatalysts are provided. This Review will promote the utilization of g‐C3N4 materials in the fields of photocatalysis, energy conversion, environmental remediation, and sensors.
Supramolecular Assays for Mapping Enzyme Activity by Displacement‐Triggered Change in Hyperpolarized 129Xe Magnetization Transfer NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Schnurr Matthias , Sloniec‐Myszk Jagoda , Döpfert Jörg , Schröder Leif , Hennig Andreas 
Published: October 2015

AbstractReversibly bound Xe is a sensitive NMR and MRI reporter with its resonance frequency being influenced by the chemical environment of the host. Molecular imaging of enzyme activity presents a promising approach for disease identification, but current Xe biosensing concepts are limited since substrate conversion typically has little impact on the chemical shift of Xe inside tailored cavities. Herein, we exploit the ability of the product of the enzymatic reaction to bind itself to the macrocyclic hosts CB6 and CB7 and thereby displace Xe. We demonstrate the suitability of this method to map areas of enzyme activity through changes in magnetization transfer with hyperpolarized Xe under different saturation scenarios.
Rhodium‐catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of α‐Dehydroamino Ketones: A General Approach to Chiral α‐amino Ketones
Authors: Gao Wenchao , Wang Qingli , Xie Yun , Lv Hui , Zhang Xumu 
Published: October 2015

AbstractRhodium/DuanPhos‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of aliphatic α‐dehydroamino ketones has been achieved and afforded chiral α‐amino ketones in high yields and excellent enantioselectives (up to 99 % ee), which could be reduced further to chiral β‐amino alcohols by LiAlH(tBuO)3 with good yields. This protocol provides a readily accessible route for the synthesis of chiral α‐amino ketones and chiral β‐amino alcohols.
Frei Otto – Internationaler Repräsentant der deutschen Architektur
Authors: Nerdinger Winfried 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDieser Beitrag ist dem im März 2015 verstorbenen Frei Otto gewidmet. Der Artikel ist Teil einer dreigliedrigen Reihe, die das Wirken von Frei Otto im historischen Kontext verankert und die seine Bedeutung für aktuelle und zukünftige Forschungen und Entwicklungen aufzeigt.
Metabolic profile of phillyrin in rats obtained by UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS
Authors: Wang Hairong , Zhang Xiaoxu , Jia Peipei , Zhang Yanfen , Tang Siwen , Wang Hongtao , Li Song , Yu Xinluan , Li Yingfei , Zhang Lantong 
Published: October 2015

AbstractForsythia suspensa Vahl (Oleaceae) is an important original plant in traditional Chinese medicine. The air‐dried fruits of Forsythia suspensa have long been used to relieve respiratory symptoms. Phillyrin is one of the main chemical constituent of Forsythia suspensa. A clear understanding of the metabolism of phillyrin is very important in rational clinical use and pharmacological research. In this study, the metabolism of phillyrin in rat was investigated for the first time using an ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS) method. Bile, urine and feces were collected from rats after single‐dose (10 mg/kg) orally administered phillyrin. Liquid–liquid extraction and ultrasonic extraction were used to prepare samples. UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS analysis of the phillyrin samples showed that phillyrin was converted to a major metabolite, M26, which underwent deglucosidation, further dehydration and desaturation. A total of 34 metabolites were detected including 30 phase I and four phase II metabolites. The conjugation types and structure skeletons of the metabolites were preliminarily determined. Moreover, 28 new metabolites were reported for the first time. The main biotransformation route of phillyrin was identified as hydrolysis, oxidation and sulfation. These findings enhance our understanding of the metabolism and the real active structures of phillyrin. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diagnostic cutoff for pressure drop coefficient in relation to fractional flow reserve and coronary flow reserve: A Patient‐Level Analysis
Authors: Kolli Kranthi K. , van de Hoef Tim P. , Effat Mohamed A. , Banerjee Rupak K. , Peelukhana Srikara V. , Succop Paul , Leesar Massoud A. , Imran Arif , Piek Jan J. , Helmy Tarek A. 
Published: October 2015

Objectives and BackgroundFunctional assessment of intermediate coronary stenosis during cardiac catheterization is conducted using diagnostic parameters like fractional flow reserve (FFR), coronary flow reserve (CFR), hyperemic stenosis resistance index (HSR), and hyperemic microvascular resistance (HMR). CDP (ratio of pressure drop across a stenosis to distal dynamic pressure), a nondimensional index derived from fundamental fluid dynamic principles, based on a combination of intracoronary pressure, and flow measurements may improve the functional assessment of coronary lesion severity.MethodsPatient‐level data pertaining to 350 intracoronary pressure and flow measurements across coronary stenoses was assessed to evaluate CFR, FFR, HSR, HMR, and CDP. CDP was calculated as (ΔP)/(0.5 × ρ × APV2). The density of blood (ρ) was assumed to be 1.05 g/cm3. The correlation of current diagnostic parameters (CFR, FFR, HSR, and HMR) with CDP was evaluated. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to identify the optimal cut‐off point of CDP, corresponding to the clinically used cut‐off values (FFR = 0.80 and CFR = 2.0).ResultsCDP correlated significantly with FFR (r = 0.81, P < 0.05) and had significant diagnostic efficiency (ROC‐area under curve of 86%), specificity (72%) and sensitivity (85%) at FFR < 0.8. The corresponding cut‐off value for CDP to detect FFR < 0.8 was at CDP>25.4. CDP also correlated significantly (r = 0.98, P < 0.05) with epicardial‐specific parameter, HSR.ConclusionsCDP, a functional parameter based on both intracoronary pressure and flow measurements, has close agreement (area under ROC curve = 86%) with FFR, the frequently used method of evaluating stenosis severity. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation for paradoxical low‐flow low‐gradient aortic stenosis patients
Authors: Debry Nicolas , Sudre Arnaud , Amr Gilles , Delhaye Cédric , Schurtz Guillaume , Montaigne David , Koussa Mohamad , Modine Thomas 
Published: October 2015

ObjectivesWe compared the outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in three different aortic stenosis syndromes: paradoxical low‐flow low‐gradient aortic stenosis (PLFLG), high‐gradient aortic stenosis (HGAS), and low ejection fraction low‐gradient severe aortic stenosis (LEF‐LG).BackgroundOutcomes for PLFLG patients after TAVI procedure are not well known.MethodsBetween 2010 and 2013, patients with severe (indexed aortic valve area iAVA≤0.6 cm2/m2) symptomatic aortic stenosis were consecutively referred to our institution for TAVI because of multiple comorbidities and excessive surgical risk. About 262 patients were split into three groups as following, PLFLG: mean gradient MG≤40 mm Hg, stroke volume index SVI≤35 mL/m2, ejection fraction EF≥55%, valvuloarterial impedance Zva>4.5 mm Hg/mL/m2, maximal aortic jet velocity MaxV<4 m/s; LEF‐LG: MG≤40 mm Hg, MaxV<4 m/s, EF≤50%, SVI≤35 mL/m2; and HGAS: MaxV>4 m/s, MG>40 mm Hg, EF>55%. The primary endpoint of our study was to evaluate mid‐term global and cardiovascular mortalities; secondary endpoints included recommended VARC‐2 variables.ResultsPLFLG (n = 31) mid‐term survival was similar to HGAS (n = 172) (mean follow‐up = 13.2 months [4.6–26]). Conversely LEF‐LG patients (n = 59) displayed significant higher rates of all‐cause (P = 0.01) and cardiovascular mortalities (P = 0.05). Postprocedural outcomes (VARC‐2 criteria) were similar in the PLFLG and HGAS groups except regarding major bleeding (P = 0.02), while the LEF‐LG group had more congestive heart failure and a higher BNP before discharge (both P < 0.001) than the other groups. 30‐days deaths were significantly more frequent in LEF‐LG and PLFLG in comparison to HGAS (P = 0.03).ConclusionAs opposed to LEF‐LG patients, mid‐term prognosis after TAVI procedure in PLFLG patients is similar to HGAS patients despite higher perioperative mortality. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure and Luminescence Characteristics of a Novel Red Phosphor NaLa9(GeO4)6O2: Eu3+ for Light Emitting Diodes and Field Emission Displays.
Authors: Cao Yaxin , Zhu Ge , Wang Yuhua 
Published: October 2015

AbstractNaLa9(GeO4)6O2:xEu3+ (x = 0—0.11) phosphors are prepared by firing a stoichiometric mixture of Na2CO3, La2O3, Eu2O3, and GeO2 in air (1.
ChemInform Abstract: On the True Indium Content of In‐Filled Skutterudites.
Authors: Visnow Eduard , Heinrich Christophe P. , Schmitz Andreas , de Boor Johannes , Leidich Patrick , Klobes Benedikt , Hermann Raphael P. , Mueller Wolf Eckhard , Tremel Wolfgang 
Published: October 2015

AbstractHigh‐purity InxCo4Sb12 (x = 0.12, 0.15, 0.18, 0.20) are prepared by first reacting Co and Sb to form CoSb3 (evacuated quartz tubes, 700 °C, 12 h) and secondly, annealing of In and CoSb3 (evacuated quartz tubes, 700 °C, 48 h).
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Curie‐Temperature Ferromagnetism in (Sc,Fe)F3 Fluorides and Its Dependence on Chemical Valence.
Authors: Chen Jun , et al.  
Published: October 2015

Abstract(Sc1‐xFex)F3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1) are prepared by solid state reaction of a pressed pellet of stoichiometric amounts of Sc2O3, Fe2O3 and NH4HF2 (Pt crucible, 600 °C, 5 h; slow cooling to 25 °C).
ChemInform Abstract: Popping of Graphite Oxide: Application in Preparing Metal Nanoparticle Catalysts.
Authors: Gao Yongjun , Chen Xi , Zhang Jiaguang , Asakura Hiroyuki , Tanaka Tsunehiro , Teramura Kentaro , Ma Ding , Yan Ning 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA popcorn‐like transformation of graphite oxide (GO; obtained by a modified Hummers method) into large‐volume graphene oxide sheets (PGO) is achieved by heating differently oxidized graphite granules (quartz tube, 190‐200 °C, 30‐60 sec).
ChemInform Abstract: Potassium, Cesium, and Ammonium Peroxogermanates with Inorganic Hexanuclear Peroxo Bridged Germanium Anion Isolated from Aqueous Solution.
Authors: Medvedev Alexander G. , Mikhaylov Alexey A. , Churakov Andrei V. , Vener Mikhail V. , Tripol'skaya Tatiana A. , Cohen Shmuel , Lev Ovadia , Prikhodchenko Petr V. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractK6 [Ge6(μ‐O2)6(μ‐O)6 (OH)6]·14H2O (I), Cs4.2(NH4)1.8 [Ge6(μ‐O2)6(μ‐O)6 (OH)6]·8H2O (II), and K2.4(NH4)3.6 [Ge6(μ‐O2)6(μ‐O)6 (OH)6]·6H2O (III) are isolated from K or Cs hydroxogermanate solutions by addition of aq.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure of a New Layered Potassium Sodiostannate.
Authors: Butova Vera V. , Shukaev Igor L. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractK0.72Na0.24Sn0.76O2 is prepared by firing pellets of pre‐reacted SnO2, Na2SnO3, and KOH in air (1000 °C, 2.5 h).
ChemInform Abstract: A Catalytic Asymmetric Carbonyl—Ene Reaction of β,γ‐Unsaturated α‐Ketoesters with 5‐Methyleneoxazolines.
Authors: Luo Weiwei , Zhao Jiannan , Ji Jie , Lin Lili , Liu Xiaohua , Mei Hongjiang , Feng Xiaoming 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMoreover, the simple α‐keto ester (X) can also be converted to the corresponding product (XI).
ChemInform Abstract: Ru(II)—Pheox‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Intramolecular Cyclopropanation of Electron‐Deficient Olefins.
Authors: Nakagawa Yoko , Chanthamath Soda , Shibatomi Kazutaka , Iwasa Seiji 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis procedure opens up a route to the syntheses of pharmaceutical and natural products as DCG‐IV (VII), an anticonvulsant agent, and dysibetaine CPa (IX), a marine natural product of pharmacological interest.
ChemInform Abstract: Mn‐Catalyzed Highly Efficient Aerobic Oxidative Hydroxyazidation of Olefins: A Direct Approach to β‐Azido Alcohols.
Authors: Sun Xiang , Li Xinyao , Song Song , Zhu Yuchao , Liang Yu‐Feng , Jiao Ning 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAzido radical generation employing air as the terminal oxidant is disclosed as the key process for this transformation.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Mono‐Amination of Dichlorodiazines.
Authors: Sengmany Stephane , Lebre Julie , Le Gall Erwan , Leonel Eric 
Published: October 2015

Abstract2,4‐ And 4,6‐dichloropyrimidine, 3,6‐pyridazine and 2,6‐pyrazine are monoaminated with a diverse range of aliphatic primary and secondary amines including cyclic ones as well as aniline, pyrrole, and imidazole derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Direct Perfluoroalkylation of Phenols.
Authors: Filippini Giacomo , Nappi Manuel , Melchiorre Paolo 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPerfluoroalkyl iodides (II) are used in the alkylation of phenols (I), (IV), (VI), (VIII), and (X) under irradiation with compact fluorescent light to give the corresponding products with interesting regioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Formal Hydroacylation of Allenes Employing Carboxylic Anhydrides and Hydrosilanes.
Authors: Fujihara Tetsuaki , Hosomi Takuro , Cong Cong , Hosoki Tomoya , Terao Jun , Tsuji Yasushi 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTitle reaction provides access to α,β‐unsaturated ketones in a highly regio‐ and E/Z‐selective manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Ru(II)‐Catalyzed β‐Carboline Directed C—H Arylation and Isolation of Its Cycloruthenated Intermediates.
Authors: Rajkumar Subramani , Karthik Shanmugam , Gandhi Thirumanavelan 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe arylation of aryl‐β‐carbolines (I) with aryl bromides gives rise to diarylated derivatives (III) as main or sole reaction products, whilst analogous reactions of substrates (IV) and (VI) afford monoarylated products (V) and (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Peterson Olefinations from Bench‐Stable Reagents and N‐Phenyl Imines.
Authors: Das Manas , Manvar Atul , Jacolot Maiwenn , Blangetti Marco , Jones Roderick C. , O'Shea Donal F. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA new general two‐step approach for the synthesis of bench‐stable α,α‐bis(trimethylsilyl)toluenes and tris(trimethylsilane) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Esterification of Benzyl C—H Bonds to Form α‐Keto Benzyl Esters.
Authors: He Yue , Mao Jincheng , Rong Guangwei , Yan Hong , Zhang Guoqi 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA novel protocol for the reaction of benzoylformic acids with benzyl derivatives to give a variety of α‐keto benzoyl esters in good yields is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc Monoglycerolate as a Catalyst for the Conversion of 1,3‐ and Higher Diols to Diurethanes.
Authors: Kulasegaram Sanjitha , Shaheen Uzma , Turney Terence W. , Gates Will P. , Patti Antonio F. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractZinc monoglycerolate is used as a homogeneous catalyst in the transformation of 1,2‐ and higher order diols to yield cyclic carbonates or linear diurethane derivatives selectively in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Aza‐Henry Reaction Using DMSO as a Solvent.
Authors: Isobe Toshihiro , Kato Atsuki , Oriyama Takeshi 
Published: October 2015

AbstractUsing DMSO under the influence of molecular sieves 4Å, the aza‐Henry reaction of various N‐tosylimines with nitroalkanes proceeds smoothly to afford β‐nitroamines in high yields.