bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of choroid plexus tumors: a 20-year single institutional experience
Authors: Bettegowda Chetan , Adogwa Owoicho , Mehta Vivek , Chaichana Kaisorn L. , Weingart Jon , Carson Benjamin S. , Jallo George I. , Ahn Edward S. 
Published: September 2012

Object
Choroid plexus tumors (CPTs) are rare intracranial neoplasms that constitute approximately 2%–5% of all pediatric brain tumors. Most of these tumors present with severe hydrocephalus. The optimal perioperative management and oncological care remain a matter of debate. The authors present the epidemiological and clinical features of CPTs from a 20-year single-institutional experience.

Methods
A total of 39 consecutive patients with pathologically proven CPTs (31 choroid plexus papillomas [CPPs] and 8 choroid plexus carcinomas [CPCs]) were included in this series. Patient demographics, clinical presentation, comorbidities, indications for surgery, radiological studies, tumor location, and all operative variables were reviewed for each case. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of tumor recurrence and survival.

Results
The overall mean age (± SD) was 13.13 ± 19.59 years (15.27 ± 21.10 years in the CPP group and 3.66 ± 3.59 years in the CPC group). Hydrocephalus was noted at presentation in 34% of patients. The most common presenting symptoms were headache (32%) and nausea/vomiting (26%). Gross-total resection (GTR) was achieved in 86% of CPPs and in 71% of CPCs (p = 0.57). There was 100% survival in patients with CPPs observed at the 5- and 10-year follow-up and 71% survival in patients with CPCs at the 5-year follow-up. In a multivariate regression analysis, a diagnosis of papilloma, preoperative vision changes, or hydrocephalus; right ventricle tumor location; and GTR were all independently associated with a decreased likelihood of tumor recurrence at last follow-up.

Conclusions
The authors' study suggests that patients with CPCs are more likely to experience local recurrence and metastasis; hence, GTR with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, particularly for CPCs, is pivotal in preventing recurrence and prolonging survival. While GTR was important for local control following resection of CPPs, it had a minimal effect on prolonging survival in this patient cohort.
Characterizations of those <i>P</i><sub>n</sub>(S) which are Relatively Stone Nearlattice
Authors: Akhter S. , Noor A. S. A. 
Published: September 2012

For a fixed element n of a nearlattice S, a convex subnearlattice of S containing n is called an n-ideal of S. An n-ideal generated by a single element a is called a principal n-ideal, denoted by <a>n. The set of principal n-ideals is denoted by Pn(S). A distributive nearlattice S is called relatively Stone nearlattice if each closed interval [x,y] with is a Stone lattice. In this paper, we give several characterizations of those Pn(S) which are relatively Stone in terms of n-ideals and relative n-annihilators.© 2012 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v4i3.10103 J. Sci. Res. 4 (3), 589-601 (2012)
Microstructure and Complex Permeability Spectra of Polycrystalline Cu-Zn Ferrites
Authors: Akhter Shahida , Paul D. P. , Hakim M. A. , Akhter S. , Saha D. K. , Anjuman B. , Islam F. 
Published: September 2012

Cu-Zn ferrites of composition Cu1-xZnxFe2O4 were prepared by double sintering ceramic technique at 9500C and 10500C for 3 hours and 2 hours, respectively. Structural and magnetic properties of the Cu-Zn ferrites were investigated by using X-ray diffraction, microstructure study and complex permeability behaviour. X-ray analysis indicated the formation of single-phase cubic spinel structure for all samples. The lattice parameter was found to increase with increasing Zn content obeying Vegards law. The X-ray and bulk densities of the Cu-Zn ferrite significantly decreased whereas porosity increased with increasing Zn concentration. Micrographs exhibited decrease in grain size with increasing concentrations. The real part ?of initial permeability remained constant up to certain lower range of frequency after which it decreased to lower value of permeability. ? increased with increasing Zn contents up to x = 0.5, after that it decreased with higher Zn content but was also found to increase with sintering temperature. The possible reasons responsible for change in structural, microstructural and complex permeability with increasing of non-magnetic Zn2+ ion are ascertained.© 2012 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v4i3.10798 J. Sci. Res. 4 (3), 551-560 (2012)
Social Exclusion and Non-Places: From Urban Spaces to the Drive
Authors: Vinot Frédéric 
Published: September 2012

Prolongement d’une recherche clinique sur l’exclusion sociale, l’hypothèse d’un « Autre urbain » est évoquée sous trois registres : littéraire, clinique et anthropologique. À chaque fois, la fonction du trou dans l’espace (zones blanches, effacement d’un trait, non-lieu anthropologique) y sera évoquée, dessinant peu à peu une logique pulsionnelle que j’espère pouvoir mettre en évidence au cœur même de ce qui pourrait s’appeler « l’Autre urbain ».
Blind Insertion of Feeding Tubes in Intensive Care Units: A National Survey
Authors: Metheny Norma A. , Stewart Barbara J. , Mills Andrew C. 
Published: September 2012

Background
Although most critically ill patients experience at least 1 blind insertion of a feeding tube during their stay in an intensive care unit, little is known about the types of health care personnel who perform these insertions or about methods used to determine proper positioning of the tubes.

Objectives
To describe results from a national survey of critical care nurses about feeding tube practices in their adult intensive care units. The questions asked included who performs blind insertions of feeding tubes and what methods are used to determine if the tubes are properly positioned.

Methods
Data were collected from members of the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses via pencil-and-paper and online surveys. Results from both forms were combined for data analysis and were compared with practice recommendations of national-level organizations.

Results
A total of 2298 responses were obtained. Physicians perform more blind insertions of styleted feeding tubes than do nurses; in contrast, nurses place more nonstyleted tubes. Radiographic confirmation of correct position is mandated more often for blindly inserted styleted tubes (92.3%) than for nonstyleted tubes (57.5%). The 3 most commonly used bedside methods to determine tube location are auscultation for air injected via the tube, appearance of feeding tube aspirate, and observation for indications of respiratory distress.

Conclusions
Recommendations from multiple national-level organizations to obtain radiographic confirmation that each blindly inserted feeding tube is correctly positioned before the first use of the tube are not adequately implemented. Auscultation is widely used despite recommendations to the contrary.
Negative Regulation of NKG2D Expression by IL-4 in Memory CD8 T Cells
Authors: Ventre Erwan , Brinza Lilia , Schicklin Stephane , Mafille Julien , Coupet Charles-Antoine , Marçais Antoine , Djebali Sophia , Jubin Virginie , Walzer Thierry , Marvel Jacqueline 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
IL-4 is one of the main cytokines produced during Th2-inducing pathologies. This cytokine has been shown to affect a number of immune processes such as Th differentiation and innate immune responses. However, the impact of IL-4 on CD8 T cell responses remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the effects of IL-4 on global gene expression profiles of Ag-induced memory CD8 T cells in the mouse. Gene ontology analysis of this signature revealed that IL-4 regulated most importantly genes associated with immune responses. Moreover, this IL-4 signature overlapped with the set of genes preferentially expressed by memory CD8 T cells over naive CD8 T cells. In particular, IL-4 downregulated in vitro and in vivo in a STAT6-dependent manner the memory-specific expression of NKG2D, thereby increasing the activation threshold of memory CD8 T cells. Furthermore, IL-4 impaired activation of memory cells as well as their differentiation into effector cells. This phenomenon could have an important clinical relevance as patients affected by Th2 pathologies such as parasitic infections or atopic dermatitis often suffer from viral-induced complications possibly linked to inefficient CD8 T cell responses.
The Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier-Deconjugating Enzyme Sentrin-Specific Peptidase 1 Switches IFN Regulatory Factor 8 from a Repressor to an Activator during Macrophage Activation
Authors: Chang Tsung-Hsien , Xu Songxiao , Tailor Prafullakumar , Kanno Tomohiko , Ozato Keiko 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Macrophages, when activated by IFN-γ and TLR signaling, elicit innate immune responses. IFN regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) is a transcription factor that facilitates macrophage activation and innate immunity. We show that, in resting macrophages, some IRF8 is conjugated to small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMO) 2/3 through the lysine residue 310. SUMO3-conjugated IRF8 failed to induce IL12p40 and other IRF8 target genes, consistent with SUMO-mediated transcriptional repression reported for other transcription factors. SUMO3-conjugated IRF8 showed reduced mobility in live nuclei and bound poorly to the IL12p40 gene. However, macrophage activation caused a sharp reduction in the amount of SUMOylated IRF8. This reduction coincided with the induction of a deSUMOylating enzyme, sentrin-specific peptidase 1 (SENP1), in activated macrophages. In transfection analysis, SENP1 removed SUMO3 from IRF8 and enhanced expression of IL12p40 and other target genes. Conversely, SENP1 knockdown repressed IRF8 target gene expression. In parallel with IRF8 deSUMOylation, macrophage activation led to the induction of proteins active in the SUMO pathway and caused a global shift in nuclear protein SUMOylation patterns. Together, the IRF8 SUMO conjugation/deconjugation switch is part of a larger transition in SUMO modifications that takes place upon macrophage activation, serving as a mechanism to trigger innate immune responses.
Centromere 17 Copy Number Alteration: Negative Prognostic Factor in Invasive Breast Cancer?
Authors: Petroni Stella , Addati Teresa , Mattioli Eliseo , Caponio Maria Angela , Quero Carmela , Rubini Vincenza , Giotta Francesco , Simone Giovanni 
Published: September 2012

Context.—Chromosome 17 polysomy has been identified in 5% to 50% of invasive breast cancers; even though a relationship with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) status has been reported, other studies have shown that coincident centromere 17 (Cep17) amplification may be the cause of an overestimation of chromosome 17 polysomy in fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing.Objective.—To evaluate polysomy/amplification of Cep17 in invasive breast cancer with relation to proliferative activity (Ki-67), estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2/neu status, in an attempt to identify a subgroup of patients with a worse prognosis.Design.—A total of 647 cases of invasive ductal breast cancer were collected and subjected to FISH analysis for HER2/neu gene and centromere 17 alteration, HercepTest for HER2/neu protein expression, and routine immunohistochemistry for Ki-67 and hormone receptor status.Results.—Copy number gain of Cep17 was observed in 27.3% of cases. Within this group, HER2/neu gene amplification was detected in 14.1% of cases, whereas HER2/neu expression was scored 3+ in 20.1% of cases; about half of the HER2/neu overexpressing cases (9.8%) did not show amplification by FISH. Moreover, 69% of polysomic cases showed high Ki-67 index.Conclusions.—(1) Centromere 17–altered cases are frequently HER2/neu overexpressing but not amplified, resulting in HercepTest/FISH disagreement; (2) HER2/neu amplification is seen at a higher incidence in cases without Cep17 copy number alterations, which are therefore not necessarily due to chromosome 17 disorder; (3) proliferation index is significantly higher in aneusomic tumors. These data suggest that the presence of Cep17 alterations could identify a subset of breast cancers with more aggressive biological and clinical behavior, which may show nonresponsiveness to conventional therapy independently of HER2/neu amplification status.
Analyse de pratique assistée par vidéo pour l’enseignement aux élèves polyhandicapés
Authors: Corbeil Thania , Normand-Guérette Denise 
Published: September 2012

Lors d’un apprentissage, la lourdeur des atteintes des élèves polyhandicapés rend leurs initiatives si discrètes qu’elles passent souvent inaperçues. Par conséquent, il est nécessaire que les enseignants oeuvrant auprès de ces jeunes puissent bénéficier d’une formation leur permettant « d’apprendre » à les observer et à les comprendre pour intervenir adéquatement. Une démarche basée sur l’analyse de pratique assistée par la rétroaction vidéo et sur l’approche multidimensionnelle de Guitouni a été utilisée dans cette étude exploratoire. Elle a offert un cadre réflexif à une enseignante afin de la soutenir dans l’observation des comportements d’un élève ce qui l’a amené à poser des hypothèses sur leur signification et à mettre à l’essai de nouvelles attitudes et pratiques éducatives.
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel PPV Derivatives
Authors: Qiang Junfeng , Yu Zhuhuan , Wu Hongcai 
Published: September 2012

AbstractFive kinds of poly(phenylene vinylene) (PPV) derivatives with different alkoxyl substituents were synthesized with optimized synthesis procedures. The optimized PPV derivatives are reacted at 80°C for 6 h after mixing of the reactants at 45°C, and then followed by aging at 95°C for 1 h. The optimized molar ratios of dichlorobenzyl chloride/potassium tert‐butoxide for poly(2‐methoxy‐5‐butoxy)‐p‐phenylene vinylene and poly(2,5‐dibutyloxy)‐ 1,4‐phenylene vinylene are 1/7 and 1/8, respectively. The yields of the derivatives increased gradually with the chain length of the substituents; however, the yields decreased with a further increase in the chain length to an eight‐carbon substituent, which is resulted from the counteraction of the electronic effect by the steric effect of the substituents. The solubility of the derivatives was greatly enhanced with the incorporation of the alkoxyl substituents, and the highest solubility of 3.08% in chloroform and 1.79% in tetrahydrofuran is demonstrated by poly(2‐methoxy‐5‐octyloxy)‐p‐phenylene vinylene (PMOOOPV). All derivatives exhibited higher solubility in chloroform than in tetrahydrofuran. The conductivity of the derivatives increased with increasing of the substituting chain lengths as a result of the enhanced the conjugation degree and lowered energy gap, and the highest conductivity of 2.9 × 10−4 S/cm was exhibited by PMOOOPV. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 32: E603–E611, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21304
New Thermosetting Resin from Benzoxazine and Cyanate Ester Resin
Authors: Kimura Hajime , Ohtsuka Keiko , Matsumoto Akihiro 
Published: September 2012

AbstractA curing reaction of benzoxazine with cyanate ester resin and the properties of the cured new thermosetting resin were investigated. In particular, the effect of the content of cyanate ester resin on the cure behavior and the properties of the cured new thermosetting resins were investigated. As a result, it was found that the ring‐opening reaction of a benzoxazine ring and thermal self‐cyclotrimerization of a cyanate ester group occurred, then the phenolic hydroxyl group generated by the ring‐opening reaction of the benzoxazine ring might coreact with the cyanate ester group. As the content of cyanate ester resin increased, the gelation reaction proceeded more quickly. The cured new thermosetting resin from benzoxazine and cyanate ester resin showed good thermal stability, high electrical resistivity, and high water resistance. As the content of cyanate ester resin increased, the glass transition temperature and electrical resistivity became especially higher. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 32: E651–E659, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21308
Neuron‐to‐neuron transmission of α‐synuclein fibrils through axonal transport
Authors: Freundt Eric C. , Maynard Nate , Clancy Eileen K. , Roy Shyamali , Bousset Luc , Sourigues Yannick , Covert Markus , Melki Ronald , Kirkegaard Karla , Brahic Michel 
Published: September 2012

AbstractObjective:The lesions of Parkinson disease spread through the brain in a characteristic pattern that corresponds to axonal projections. Previous observations suggest that misfolded α‐synuclein could behave as a prion, moving from neuron to neuron and causing endogenous α‐synuclein to misfold. Here, we characterized and quantified the axonal transport of α‐synuclein fibrils and showed that fibrils could be transferred from axons to second‐order neurons following anterograde transport.Methods:We grew primary cortical mouse neurons in microfluidic devices to separate somata from axonal projections in fluidically isolated microenvironments. We used live‐cell imaging and immunofluorescence to characterize the transport of fluorescent α‐synuclein fibrils and their transfer to second‐order neurons.Results:Fibrillar α‐synuclein was internalized by primary neurons and transported in axons with kinetics consistent with slow component‐b of axonal transport (fast axonal transport with saltatory movement). Fibrillar α‐synuclein was readily observed in the cell bodies of second‐order neurons following anterograde axonal transport. Axon‐to‐soma transfer appeared not to require synaptic contacts.Interpretation:These results support the hypothesis that the progression of Parkinson disease can be caused by neuron‐to‐neuron spread of α‐synuclein aggregates and that the anatomical pattern of progression of lesions between axonally connected areas results from the axonal transport of such aggregates. That the transfer did not appear to be trans‐synaptic gives hope that α‐synuclein fibrils could be intercepted by drugs during the extracellular phase of their journey. ANN NEUROL 2012;72:517–524
UNPLANNED PREGNANCY AND THE IMPACT ON SIBLING HEALTH OUTCOMES
Authors: Lordan Grace , Frijters Paul 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTThis work considers whether planning matters with respect to the effect of a new sibling on another siblings' health. Objective health outcomes are observed before and after a new addition to the family. To date, the literature on family size has focused on a quality–quantity trade‐off; the more children in a family, the less resources devoted to each child. We present a theoretical framework which highlights that the quantity–quality trade‐off may only be relevant in the case of an unplanned sibling. We also suggest that a planned sibling may result in health gains for the other children. We use two waves of data for more than 1800 children from Peru from the Young Lives Project to test our hypothesis. The data relate to the children at 1 and 5 years. For health outcomes, height for age and weight for age Z are considered. The results highlight significant negative independent effects on height for age when an unplanned sibling is added to the household. In addition, we find positive sibling effects on height for age when a planned sibling arrives. We find only small planning effects for weight for age. We view our hypothesis as a pathway that can further explain the quantity–quality trade‐off. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clinical outcomes of endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection as a transoral treatment for superficial pharyngeal cancer
Authors: Hanaoka Noboru , Ishihara Ryu , Takeuchi Yoji , Suzuki Motoyuki , Uemura Hirokazu , Fujii Takashi , Yoshino Kunitoshi , Uedo Noriya , Higashino Koji , Ohta Takashi , Kanzaki Hiromitsu , Hanafusa Masao , Nagai Kengo , Matsui Fumi , Iishi Hiroyasu , Tatsuta Masaharu , Tomita Yasuhiko 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundEndoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) have been introduced for the treatment of superficial pharyngeal cancer.MethodsSixty superficial pharyngeal cancers in 45 patients were treated by EMR or ESD. Resectability and curability, complications, and survival were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsThe en bloc resection and curative resection rate were higher with ESD (100; 81.6%) than with EMR (59; 50%). In subgroup analysis with regard to tumor size ≤10 mm, both resection rates were comparative. All the patients had preserved larynx and swallowing, speech, and airway function. Two of the 45 patients died of other diseases, local recurrence was observed in 4 of 18 patients with noncurative resection with a median observation period of 38 months. No recurrence was observed in patients with curative resection.ConclusionsESD or EMR for superficial pharyngeal cancer is minimally invasive treatment and lesions larger than 10 mm should be referred for ESD. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
A poly(glycerol–sebacate–curcumin) polymer with potential use for brain gliomas
Authors: Sun Zhi‐Jie , Sun Bo , Tao Rong‐Bin , Xie Xin , Lu Xi‐Li , Dong De‐Li 
Published: September 2012

AbstractCurcumin has multiple biological and pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, and antitumor activities. However, the clinical use of curcumin is limited because of its poor oral absorption and extremely poor bioavailability. In order to overcome these limitations, we conjugate curcumin chemically into the known biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, poly(glycerol–sebacate), and prepare the unitary poly(glycerol–sebacate–curcumin) polymer. The structure, the in vitro degradation, the drug release, and antitumor activity as well as the in vivo degradation and tissue biocompatibility of poly(glycerol–sebacate–curcumin) polymer are investigated. The in vitro degradation and drug release profile of poly(glycerol–sebacate–curcumin) are in a linear manner. The in vitro antitumor assay shows that poly(glycerol–sebacate–curcumin) polymer significantly inhibits human malignant glioma cells, U87 and T98 cells. In view of the cytotoxicity against brain gliomas, local use of this polymer would be a potential method for brain tumors. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 101A:253–260, 2013.