bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2781 – Suicide Prevention in Finland: Advances and Perspectives
Authors: Korkeila J. 
Published: July 2013

The suicide rate has been traditionally high compared to countries of the European Union. The rate increased during decades after second world war until the early 1990's. Moreover, the suicide rate has followed closely the alcohol consumption rate. A national suicide prevention project was carried out in the late 1980's, which had the intent to increase access to low-threshold services and specialized psychiatric care. Physicians and psychiatrists were educated in the recognition of depression at a time when novel antidepressants were introduced and secondary level services were deinstitutionalized.Aims:The review the successfulness of efforts to decrease suicides in Finland in the light of scientific studies.Results:The rate of suicide has decreased considerably and its association with the use of alcohol has weakened. Although the use of alcohol increased in the 1990's the rate continued to decrease. Two studies have linked the decrease in rate of suicide with the sale and use of antidepressants. This trend appears to be especially pronounced among men. Additionally, evidence shows that the replacement of hospital-based services with outpatient care has had a positive impact on suicide mortality of patients, who have received care in psychiatric hospitals. The decrease in suicide rate is associated with intensive outpatient care.Conclusion:In the long run, the national suicide prevention project has been successful, although other factors, such as increase of standard of living and general wellbeing among citizens of Finland, have been likely contributors.
2782 – An Empirical Study: Are Structured Diagnostic Interviews Valid?
Authors: Nordgaard J. , Revsbech R. , Parnas J. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Structured diagnostic interviews performed by non-clinicians are today frequently used for research purposes and are increasingly common in clinical practice. The validity of such interviews is theoretically unexamined and only poorly empirically studied.Aim:To assess the validity of structured psychiatric diagnostic interviews using the SCID (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV) as a representative.Methods:A sample of 100 diagnostically heterogeneous, first-admitted inpatients were interviewed and diagnosed by a forthe- purpose trained non-clinician rater using the SCID. The DSM-IV diagnoses yield from the SCID interviews were compared with consensus Life-Time Best Estimate DSM-IV diagnoses. These diagnoses were assessed by two experienced research clinicians based on multiple sources of information, which included videotaped comprehensive semi-structured narrative interviews.Results:The overall kappa agreement was 0.18. The sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of schizophrenia by the SCID were 19% and 100% respectively.Conclusions:Structured diagnostic interviews in a first-admission inpatient sample are not a valid way of allocating psychiatric diagnoses and are not recommendable for clinical work. These interviews should only be used in research on the condition of certain prior precautions. It is suggested that a revival of systematic theoretical and practical training in psychopathology is an obvious way forward in order to improve the validity and hence, a therapeutic utility, of the psychiatric diagnosis.
2784 – Comparison the Effects of Acupuncture and Cognitive - Behavioral Therapies on Treating Insomnia
Authors: Badiee Aval Baghyahi S. , Gao Y. , Zhang X. , Badiee Aval Baghsiahy H.R. , Feghhi P. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Acupuncture, as complementary medicine, has been used since many years ago in china and many researches have proved its effect separately or combined with other treatment methods.Objectives:To compare therapeutic effects of Acupuncture plus estazolam and Cognitive - Behavioral Therapies plus estazolam on insomnia.Aims:To determine the efficacy of acupuncture as complementary medicine in treating insomnia.Method:64 insomnia patients were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a behavioral group, 30 cases in acupuncture group and 18 cases in behavioral group completed research. The acupuncture group was treated by administration oral estazolam before sleeping each day and needling, three times a week, the behavioral group received Stimulus control as Cognitive - Behavioral Therapy plus oral estazolam before sleeping each day. Treatment course was 3 weeks. The insomnia severity index (ISI) scores before and after treatment were observed in the both groups.Results:The total effective rate was 86.7% in the acupuncture group and 50% in the behavioral group with statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). The cured rate of 30% in the acupuncture group was significantly higher than 16.7% in the behavioral group (both P < 0.05).Conclusions:The therapeutic effect of Acupuncture as a complementary medicine on insomnia is better than stimulus therapy as a Cognitive - Behavioral Therapy.
2785 – Subthreshold Mental Disorders in University Students: Recognition and Prevention
Authors: Kulygina M. 
Published: July 2013

Mental health and psychological difficulties in students are connected with academic and interpersonal stressors as well as with personal and existential problems. These disturbances are manifesting in different cognitive, affective, somatic and behavioral symptoms, which usually don’t reach the mental disorders’ level and don’t fulfill the criteria of ICD-10.Confidentiality, voluntary involvement and multiprofessional approach are the main principles of organization of student mental health care in University Medical Centre. This psychoprophylactic model is based on the multistage programme of medical and psychological accompaniment of education.Early diagnosis of mental health disorders in students consists of regular assessment of the student's psychological needs and mental health problems. It is provided by taking into account a complex of psychosomatic and psychosocial aspects having a special meaning for the identification of risk groups of non-psychotic psychopathology.1–2 years students were studied with structured clinical interview and psychodiagnostic tests to investigate typical emotional reactions, personality predictors and stress coping strategies.Psychiatric predisposition consisting of stress vulnerability, emotional and cognitive partial deficit, liability autochthonous states is found in more than a half of examined students. Subthreshold mental disorders in students being age-related ones, have the specific peculiarities such as a great role of social and stress factors, shortness of reactions, prevalence of affective spectrum symptoms, frequency of somatic components.Prevention measures suppose the psychological competence development, first of all the improvement of social and selfmanagement skills as well as psychoeducational courses for students and staff.
2789 – Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in a Patient with Crohn's Disease: A Case Report and Review
Authors: Ouanes S. , Ben Houidi A. , Zgueb Y. , Dabboussi A. , Jomli R. , Nacef F. , Ghachem R. , Bouasker A. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Although patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are commonly described as psychorigid and scrupulous, studies about obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in patients with IBD remain few.Objectives:To examine the links between OCD and IBD, in general, and Crohn's disease, in particular.Methods:A case report and review.Results:A twenty-one-year-old man was referred to the psychiatric outpatient clinic for obsessive ideas mainly about dirt associated with compulsive washing as well as compulsive masturbation.Since childhood, the patient was diagnosed with Crohn's disease that led to failure to thrive. His medication included azathioprine and sulfapyridine. He developed perianal complications as well as bronchiectasis.Obsessive-compulsive symptoms gradually dissipated on fluoxetine 30 mg qd along with supportive psychotherapy.Conclusions:This paper discusses the possible links between Crohn's disease and OCD. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with Crohn's disease might be due to immune-complex formation, but might also be explained from a psychodynamic point of view: association between fixation at the anal stage in OCD and lesions affecting the bowel and the perianal region in Crohn's disease.
2794 – An Example of Environment-Friendly Psychiatry: The Project for Converting a Rural Building into a Psychiatric Rehabilitation Community
Authors: Bruschi I. , Landi G. , Reggianini C. , Ferrari S. , Mattei G. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:A challenging medicine dissertation: to design a psychiatric therapeutic community.Objectives:A medical student winning a grant addressed to architects and farm laborers aimed to convert a rural area through Social Innovation programmes, a group of young enthusiastic psychiatrists and a donor involved in psychiatric circumstances are the actors of the project for turning a rural building located in the small village of “Villa San Bartolomeo” (Reggio Emilia, Italy) into a psychiatric social-rehabilitation community.Methods:The project started reviewing the literature concerning community-based psychiatry residential facilities. Later, a structured interview has been carried out with the village's inhabitants in order to investigate both their perception of stigma towards mental illness and the perceived needs of their city. The answers have then been used to organize the activities within the psychiatric community, ranging from recreational through sportive until occupational ones, such as farming vegetable gardens, breeding domestic animals, producing handiworks. These labors are intended both to satisfy the village demands and realize a greater integration of the community itself within the surrounding social network.Results:The therapeutic interventions that are going to be realized within the residential home will be aimed to promote patients’ personal growth and adapting capacity. These interventions are intended to allow the accomplishment of a greater housing independence of the hosts by restructuring their affective, relational and social backgrounds.Conclusions:This is an ambitious project, started by chance, representing the desire and the hope for curing mental illness by establishing a contact with the natural environment.
2798 – Differential Item Functioning of the Chinese Version of the Somatosensory Amplification Scale Among Adolescents Across Grade Levels
Authors: Tam B.K.H. , Wong W.S. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Tam et al. (2011)[1] recently reported the invariance of the one-factor model of the Chinese version of the Somatosensory Amplification Scale (ChSAS). The objective of this paper is to further examine the item-level equivalence of the ChSAS in a sample of Chinese adolescents across grade levels.Methods:The ChSAS was administered to 500 Chinese adolescents. Differential item functioning (DIF) analysis was performed to identify any uniform and non-uniform differences on the 10 ChSAS items among adolescents across different grade levels.Results:After a Bonferroni adjustment of p value (=0.0007, i.e., 0.05/70), results of DIF analyses showed that there is no uniform (all Fs ranging from 0.17–2.15, ps > 0.09) or non-uniform (all Fs ranging from 0.47–1.76, ps > 0.02) difference on the 10 ChSAS items.Conclusions:The four different grade level groups used the scale comparably, without showing any difference on item properties. These findings further substantiate the use of ChSAS as a valid and reliable instrument among adolescents across grade levels.
2801 – Effectiveness of Electroacupuncture as Adjunctive Therapy in Relieving Opiate Withdrawal Symptoms Among Methadoe Maintainance Treatment (MMT) Patient: A Single Blinded, Randomized Study
Authors: Mustafa M. , Hasan S.I. , Abd Rashid R. , Mohd Ali A. , Mohd Ishak M.K. , Said M.A. , Habil M.H. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Over the last decades, acupuncture has been seen as an acceptable primary detoxification treatment for opiate dependence, and currently used to relieve the severity of opiate withdrawal symptoms among MMT patient.Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of electroacupuncture treatment in reducing opiate withdrawal symptoms among MMT patient.Method:This was a pilot study with randomized, single-blinded, and parallel. Recruitment of 22 subjects, 11 in methadone treatment + acupuncture and 11 in methadone treatment without acupuncture. The severity of withdrawal reaction was assessed by Objective Opiate Withdrawal Scale (OOWS) and Subjective Opiate Withdrawal Scale (SOWS) at baseline, third, fifth, seventh, tenth and fourteenth day of treatment.Result:One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) comparing the mean scores of the OOWS between treatment and control group has shown at tenth day of treatment p value is 0.026 and at fourteenth day p value is 0.022. One way ANOVA comparing the mean scores of the SOWS between treatment and control groups has shown at tenth day of treatment, p value is 0.015 and at fourteenth day, p value is 0.009.Conclusion:The study has shown the promising results, where electroacupuncture treatment had an effectiveness in relieving opiate withdrawal symptoms among MMT patient.
2803 – Dietary Zinc Intake and the Risk of Depression in Middle-Aged Men: A 20-Year Prospective Follow-Up Study
Authors: Lehto S.M. , Ruusunen A. , Tolmunen T. , Voutilainen S. , Kauhanen J. , Tuomainen T.-P. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Zinc is an immunomodulatory trace element suggested to be beneficial in the augmentation of antidepressant therapy. Cross-sectional studies have also demonstrated an association between low dietary zinc intake and depression. However, to the best of our knowledge, no long-term prospective studies have examined the impact of dietary zinc intake on the risk of depression.Objectives:To examine whether low dietary zinc in initially depression-free men associated with an increased incidence of depression during a 20-year follow-up.Methods:The population-based Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor (KIHD) Study comprised 2641 Finnish men aged 42–61 years. Zinc intake was assessed at baseline by a 4-d food record and was also re-assessed for a random subsample (n = 50) on 1-year follow-up (correlation between assessments 0.68, p < 0.001). Depression was defined as having received a hospital discharge diagnosis of unipolar depressive disorder. The discharge data were derived from the National Hospital Discharge Register in 2010. Individuals who at baseline had elevated depressive symptoms or a history of mental illness were excluded (n = 345).Results:Altogether, 2169 (94.5%) participants reached the Finnish zinc RDI for men (9 mg/day), and 58 (2.5%) received a depression diagnosis during the 20-year follow-up. in Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, smoking, alcohol use, energy expenditure, dietary supplement use and education years, the energy-adjusted zinc intake was not associated with depression (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.95–1.09).Conclusions:A low dietary zinc intake may not induce an increased depression risk in middle-aged men.
2805 – Mapping Conceptual Frames of Healthy Acculturative Self: A Positive Multicultural Psychiatry Perspective
Authors: Lee S.B. 
Published: July 2013

Objective:To conceptualize the characteristics or traits of healthy acculturative self in a global and multicultural society. The self needs to be recapitulated in terms of globally adapting and dynamically changing environment.Methods:A meta-analytic method is applied to this study by reviewing research papers, 1990 to 2012, via academic search engines, in the following key words: acculturation and health/self/personality/ identity. Also. the concept of “scientific analogy” (Gentner, 1983, 2003, 2010) is employed.Results:Six conceptual frames of healthy acculturative self are summed up as conceptual templates or modules.1.Resilient Self: The resilient self has the capacity to make best use of resource and to cope with emerging stressors and life crises during acculturation.2.Globally Adapting Self: The self is able to adapt oneself to globally changing environment.3.Holistic and Synchronistic Self: The self is able to comprehend cultural information of the past, in the present mode, as one actively confronts culturally different situations.4.Optimistic Self: The self strives to achieve one's goals and is able to overcome depression or life frustration.5.Spirituality-oriented Self: The self is open to other religious values or differences as one positively appreciates other religious values as well as tolerates diverse religious systems and world views.6.Multicultural Personality-oriented Self: The self is sensitive enough to learn culturally diverse life-styles or values.Conclusion:The conceptual categories of healthy acculturative self are recommended to be used as meta-cognitive maps when mental health professionals and cultural psychiatrists conduct psychiatric assessment and diagnosis.
2807 – Challenges in Cross-Cultural Application of Psychiatric Self-Reported Tools
Authors: Mammadova F. , Sultanov M. , Hajiyeva A. , Aichberger M. , Heinz A. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:To contribute to cross-cultural studies, the research used the special cultural context in the Azerbaijani urban population. Despite often being bilingual and speaking two languages (Azerbaijani and Russian), this Azerbaijani urban population were divided into two distinctive language groups with either Azerbaijani or Russian as the first language. A selfreported Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (ZSDS) is established to be a reliable and valid measure for assessment of depressive symptoms, applicable cross-culturally.Materials and methods:ZSDS was translated into Azerbaijani and Russian. Two pilot studies on small samples (n = 30 and n = 45) conducted to improve the scale's acceptability. Reliability study was conducted on a bigger sample of depressed subjects (n = 55) and healthy controls (n = 120). Chronbach's alpha for the total scale, Item-test correlations, alpha if item deleted, and sensitivity and specificity at various cut-off levels were calculated.Results:Drop-out rate was 83.3% at the first pilot study due to pure comprehension of item 5 and culturally unacceptable wording of item 6. After rewording of the items drope-out reduced to 20% on the second pilot study. on the reliability study Chronbach's alpha for the total scale was 0.8727, and item-test correlations for the most individual items were satisfactory. An optimal cut-off point was 45 pints with sensitivity = 90.91%, specificity = 80.83%.Conclusions:Reliability of the Zung Self-Reported Depression Scale improved cultural acceptability of the scale in the particular Azerbaijani population context.
2808 – A Review of the Interplay Between Tuberculosis and Mental Health
Authors: Doherty A.M. , Kelly J. , McDonald C. , O’Dwyer A.M. , Keane J. , Cooney J.M. 
Published: July 2013

Objective:Tuberculosis and mental illness share common risk factors including homelessness, HIV positive serology, alcohol/ substance abuse and migrant status leading to frequent co-morbidity. We sought to generate a comprehensive literature review that examines the complex relationship between tuberculosis and mental illness.Methods:A literature search was conducted in MedLine, Ovid and Psychinfo, with further examination of the references of these articles. 316 articles were identified. It was not possible to conduct a formal meta-analysis due to the absence of randomised controlled data.Results:Rates of mental illness of up to 70% have been identified in tuberculosis patients. Medications used in the treatment of common mental illnesses may have significant interactions with anti-tuberculosis agents, especially isoniazid and increasingly linezolid. Many medications used in the treatment of tuberculosis can have significant adverse psychiatric effects; others such as rifampicin may reduce the effective doses of anti-psychotics by their enzyme-inducing actions. Mental illness and substance abuse may also affect treatment concordance, with consequences for public health.Conclusion:Due to the common co-morbidity of mental illness and tuberculosis, it is important that both psychiatrists and physicians are aware of the potential for interactions between the drugs used to treat tuberculosis and psychiatric conditions.
2811 – Personality and Body Image Disorders in Cosmetic Surgery Settings: Prevalence, Comorbidity and Evaluation of their Impact on Post-Operative Patient's Satisfaction
Authors: Dakanalis A. , Di Mattei V.E. , Zanetti A.M. , Clerici M. , Madeddu F. , Riva G. , Lanfranchi L. , Baruffaldi Preis F. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Based on clinical impressions personality disorders (PDs) and psychiatric disorders characterized by body image disorder (BID) have been suggested to be relatively common in cosmetic surgery settings and closely associated with patient's post-operative dissatisfaction despite technically satisfactory surgical results, leading to problems for both patients and surgeons.Aims:The study investigated the prevalence and the comorbidity between BID and PDs in patients seeking cosmetic surgery, as well as the impact of the following clinical variables on patient's post-operative dissatisfaction: number of pathological personality traits, severity of body uneasiness and worries about particular body parts and intensity of these concerns.Methods:Two hundred fifty patients scheduled for profile, breast and body contouring cosmetic surgery from two Italian hospitals (90% F; Mage = 31.5 ± 4.0) completed the Body Uneasiness Test (BUT), the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4) before surgery and a measure of patient satisfaction 13 months after surgery.Results:18.9% of subjects, had at least 1 PD (cluster B and C's in particular). Using the BUT cut-off score as a marker of clinical significance, 48.8% of subjects had a BID, and all PD patients showed comorbidity with BID. The number of pathological personality traits, the severity of body uneasiness and the intensity of worries about body parts showed a predictive power on patients’ post-operative dissatisfaction.Conclusion:PDs and BID are common in cosmetic surgery settings. Our data suggest also that a thorough pre-operative clinical assessment may allow the pre-operative identification of patients with low levels of post-operative satisfaction.