bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A randomized trial of two home-based exercise programmes to improve functional walking post-stroke
Authors: Mayo Nancy E , MacKay-Lyons Marilyn J , Scott Susan C , Moriello Carolina , Brophy James 
Published: March 2013

Objective: To estimate the relative effectiveness in improving walking ability and other mobility and health outcomes post-stroke of two home-based exercise programmes – stationary cycling and an exercise and walking programme. Design: An observer-blinded, randomized, pragmatic, trial with repeated measures. Setting: Hospital centers in two Canadian cities. Subjects: People within 12 months of acute stroke who were able to walk >10 meters independently and healthy enough to engage in exercise. Interventions: Two dose-equivalent interventions, one involving stationary cycling and the other disability-targeted interventions were tested. Both protocols required daily moderate intensity exercise at home building up to 30 minutes per day. One group exercised on a stationary bicycle, the second group carried out mobility exercises and brisk walking. Main measures: The primary outcome was walking capacity as measured by the six-minute walk test (6MWT). Secondary outcomes were physical function, role participation, health-related quality of life exercise adherence, and adverse events. Results: The study failed to meet recruitment targets: 87 participants (cycle group, n = 43; exercise group, n = 44) participated. No significant effects of group or time were revealed for the 6MWT, which was approximately 320 m at randomization. A significant effect for role participation was found in favor of the exercise group (global odds ratio (OR) for cycling vs. exercise was 0.51; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.27–0.95). Change in the 6MWT between highest and lowest adherence categories was statistically significant ( p = 0.022). Conclusions: Both programmes were equally effective in maintaining walking capacity after discharge from stroke rehabilitation; or were equally ineffective in improving walking capacity. Clinical Trials Gov number: NCT00786045.
Does high-frequency chest wall oscillation therapy have any impact on the infective exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? A randomized controlled single-blind study
Authors: Goktalay Tugba , Akdemir Selim E , Alpaydin Aylin O , Coskun Aysin S , Celik Pinar , Yorgancioglu Arzu 
Published: March 2013

Objective: To investigate the impact of high-frequency chest wall oscillation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with infective exacerbation. Design: Clinical randomized controlled trial. Setting: Patients received high-frequency chest wall oscillation therapy at the Department of Pulmonology. Subjects: Stage III-IV chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients hospitalized with acute infective exacerbation who had received high-frequency chest wall oscillation therapy were studied. Interventions: Patients were randomized into two groups, which were classified as I and II. All patients have been treated with bronchodilators, antibiotics, if necessary oxygen and patient education, as part of acute chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation protocol. Group II patients received additional high-frequency chest wall oscillation therapy. Main measures: Body mass index (B), forced expiratory volume in the first second (O), modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale (D) and 6-minute walking test (E) (BODE) index, forced expiratory volume in the first second, dyspnea, exercise capacity, oxygenation parameters and hospitalization of duration were recorded at baseline and at three-days and five-days follow-up. Results: From April 2009 to July 2011, a total of 99 patients were assessed for eligibility, 50 patients were enrolled and randomized into two groups. A total of 50 (100%) patients (25 in Group I and 25 in Group II) were followed up for five days. Application of high-frequency chest wall oscillation therapy resulted in no significant advantage in all outcomes ( p > 0.05). Mean (SD) baseline BODE index value in Group I was 7.72 (1.76), in Group II was 7.72(1.89) ( p = 0.55). On the fifth-day assessment, mean (SD) BODE index value in Group I was 7.24 (1.83), in group II was 6.44 (2.46) ( p = 0.18). Conclusions: The application of high-frequency chest wall oscillation therapy offers no additional advantages on infective exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Factors Associated with Breastfeeding Duration
Authors: Liu Ping , Qiao Lijuan , Xu Fenglian , Zhang Min , Wang Yan , Binns Colin W. 
Published: March 2013

Background: Factors associated with breastfeeding need to be explored in the northwest of China. Objective: This study aimed to measure the full duration of breastfeeding and identify factors associated with breastfeeding in Shihezi City in Northwest China. Methods: A prospective cohort study was undertaken to obtain details of child feeding practices using structured questionnaires in 2007-2010. Before discharge from hospitals, 681 mothers were randomly recruited and interviewed in maternity units for breastfeeding. After discharge, the mothers were contacted by telephone at monthly intervals within the first 6 months and then at 2-month intervals until discontinuation of breastfeeding. Results: The breastfeeding initiation rate was 95.9%. The breastfeeding rates then declined to 69.6% at 6 months, 29.7% at 12 months, and 2.3% at 24 months. The median duration of “any breastfeeding” was 9 months. The exclusive breastfeeding rate was low because of the high rate of prelacteal and early complementary feeding. Cox regression analyses revealed that mothers who had preterm babies believed that breast milk could not meet infants’ needs and intended to breastfeed for less than 6 months, and mothers with late onset of lactogenesis II and whose parents lived in Xinjiang were more likely to stop breastfeeding. Younger maternal age, employment, and suffering from illness were also associated with a shorter duration of breastfeeding. Conclusion: The duration of “exclusive” and “any breastfeeding” was below the Chinese and World Health Organization breastfeeding goals. Shorter duration of breastfeeding was associated with having grandparents residing within the same province, maternal age, illness and employment, gestational age, and delayed onset of lactogenesis.
Community Attitudes toward Breastfeeding in Public Places among Western Australia Adults, 1995-2009
Authors: Meng Xingqiong , Daly Alison , Pollard Christina Mary , Binns Colin William 
Published: March 2013

Background: Community attitudes toward breastfeeding in public influence how comfortable women feel about continuing breastfeeding. Knowledge of the social context helps target breastfeeding-promoting interventions. Objective: To examine trends in Western Australian adult attitudes toward breastfeeding in public places. Methods: As part of 5 cross-sectional surveys from the Western Australian Nutrition Monitor Survey Series conducted between 1995 and 2009, 5496 adults aged 18 to 64 years were asked whether it was acceptable for mothers to breastfeed their babies in public places, including shopping centers, workplaces, and restaurants, and on public transport. Descriptive statistics and multinomial regressions were used to describe factors associated with attitudes toward publicly breastfeeding. Results: There was no change in the acceptance of breastfeeding in shopping centers, restaurants, and workplaces and on public transport over time, but in 2009, significantly fewer people said that it was unacceptable to breastfeed in public compared with 1995. Women, people older than 44 years, those born outside Australia, and the less educated were those most likely to say that breastfeeding in public was unacceptable. In the years that the question was asked, more than 97% of respondents said that breastfeeding was acceptable if a separate room was provided. Conclusions: Making breastfeeding acceptable and pleasant for mothers in public spaces is a key policy recommendation. Women, people older than 44 years, and those born outside Australia were most likely to respond that breastfeeding in public was unacceptable unless a room was provided. Given that, on average, 70% of the population said that breastfeeding in public was acceptable, investigation into why some women do not think so is warranted.
The Effect of Poststroke Delirium on Short-Term Outcomes of Elderly Patients Undergoing Rehabilitation
Authors: Turco Renato , Bellelli Giuseppe , Morandi Alessandro , Gentile Simona , Trabucchi Marco 
Published: March 2013

Objectives: Delirium is a common poststroke complication, but its prevalence and effect in rehabilitation settings is unknown. We retrospectively assessed the prevalence of delirium in elderly patients undergoing poststroke rehabilitation and its association with short-term outcomes. Methods: All patients (aged ≥65 years) admitted to the Department of Rehabilitation between November 2007 and October 2011 after a recent stroke were screened for delirium. Delirium was diagnosed using the confusion assessment method. Multiple logistic regressions were used to evaluate the association between delirium, institutionalization, and inhospital death, while multiple linear regressions were used for the association between delirium and functional recovery, defined in 3 different ways which include (1) measuring the relative functional gain of the Barthel index (BI-RFG); (2) the change in Barthel index (BI) walking subscore from admission to discharge; and (3) the change in Tinetti score from admission to discharge. Results: In all, 58 (33%) patients of the total 176 patients were consecutively admitted to our department with delirium. After adjustment for potential confounders, poststroke delirium (PSD) was an independent predictor of institutionalization (odds ratio [OR] = 7.23; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.79 to 10.91; P ≤ .0003) and inhospital death (OR = 4.26; 95% CI = 1.15 to 15.81; P = .03); PSD was not a predictor of functional recovery at discharge, neither using the BI-RFG ( P = .96) nor using the change from admission to discharge of both the BI walking subscore ( P = .57) and the Tinetti score ( P = .61) as outcome measures. Conclusions: In elderly patients undergoing poststroke rehabilitation, delirium is an independent predictor of institutionalization and inhospital death, but it does not affect functional recovery.
What Evidence is Available on End-of-life (EOL) Care and Latino Elders? A Literature Review
Authors: Cruz-Oliver Dulce M. , Talamantes Melissa , Sanchez-Reilly Sandra 
Published: March 2013

Background: Low-income and minority persons, such as Latinos, encounter substantial barriers in accessing effective end-of-life (EOL) care. This study intends to review current evidence on how to deliver EOL care to Latino elders. Methods: Literature search in PubMed and Ovid Web sites of articles indexed in Medline (1948-2011), Cochrane (2005-2011), Embase, and PsychInfo (1967-2011) databases. Articles were included if they contained (1) study participants’ race/ethnicity, (2) adults or population older than 60 years, and (3) information related to EOL care. Results: A total of 64 abstracts were reviewed, and 38 articles met the inclusion criteria. After reviewing the quality of evidence, 4 themes were identified and summarized: EOL preferences, hospice, Latino culture, and caregiving. Conclusion: Latino elders have traditional acculturation practices, face EOL decisions with family support, and, if educated, are receptive toward hospice and caregiver support.
End-of-Life Care in a General Respiratory Ward in the United Kingdom
Authors: Tsim Selina , Davidson Scott 
Published: March 2013

Introduction: Patients with advanced chronic lung disease such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often have an unpredictable clinical course and a high symptom burden. Their prognosis is similar to that of patients with lung cancer. Aim and Methods: We retrospectively assessed end of life care in all patients who were admitted and subsequently died on a general respiratory ward in a central teaching hospital over a period of 11months (1st June 2010-1st May 2011). We compared our practice with guidelines set out in Living and Dying Well, a national action plan for palliative and end of life care in Scotland. Results: There were 66 deaths, data was obtained for 57 patients (86.4%). Patients with lung cancer had higher rates of recorded discussions regarding their prognosis in comparison to those with COPD (60%, n=9 vs. 8.3%, n=1 respectively). In addition, they had greater levels of in-patient palliative care involvement (50%, n= 7 vs. 0% respectively) and higher rates of recorded wishes end of life care destination (28.6%, n=4 vs. 8.3%, n=1 respectively). This is despite patients with lung cancer having a lower mean number of end of life clinical indicators (2.64 vs. 3.17 respectively) and a lower mean number of admissions in the 12months preceding death (1.67 vs. 4.08). Conclusions: Palliative care involvement and discussion of patients' end of life care wishes is poor in COPD. Timely and effective discussions regarding disease prognosis and patient wishes, including early consideration for initiating anticipatory care planning needs to be instituted.
Using the DLOQ in a Military Context
Authors: Stothard Christina , Talbot Steven , Drobnjak Maya , Fischer Tiffany 
Published: March 2013

The Problem The learning organization is a term frequently used to reflect a set of ideas that have been around for some time—that is, successful adaptation to change and uncertainty is more likely to occur through the learning efforts of both individuals, and the organization as a whole. The term, however, has become a common phrase for describing a host of approaches to organizational development and activity occurring within organizations; however little space has been dedicated to the application of learning organization ideas and practices within military institutions. Given the diversity that exists within many large organizations, it is surprising how little attention has been given to the significance of learning in terms of hierarchy and rank within the learning organization discourse. The Solution Drawing on data collected from 1,061 respondents, this article compares and contrasts the learning cultures of a selection of headquarters and brigades within the Australian Army, and considers the extent to which their respective learning cultures align with those described as learning organizations. Results suggest that headquarter and brigade elements express similar learning behaviors to those found in learning organizations. However, respective learning cultures differ according to a variety of organizational factors including functional roles, leadership styles, and rank. The Stakeholders Human resource and organization developers working in military contexts will find this information particularly useful as well as scholars interested in investigating the learning culture.
Nilotinib is associated with a reduced incidence of BCR-ABL mutations vs imatinib in patients with newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase
Authors: Hochhaus Andreas , Saglio Giuseppe , Larson Richard A. , Kim Dong-Wook , Etienne Gabriel , Rosti Gianantonio , De Souza Carmino , Kurokawa Mineo , Kalaycio Matt E. , Hoenekopp Albert , Fan Xiaolin , Shou Yaping , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Hughes Timothy P. 
Published: March 2013

Key Points
Frontline nilotinib led to fewer, less diverse BCR-ABL mutations than imatinib in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase. Rates of progression to accelerated phase/blast crisis were lower with nilotinib than imatinib in patients with emergent BCR-ABL mutations.
GATA2 haploinsufficiency caused by mutations in a conserved intronic element leads to MonoMAC syndrome
Authors: Hsu Amy P. , Johnson Kirby D. , Falcone E. Liana , Sanalkumar Rajendran , Sanchez Lauren , Hickstein Dennis D. , Cuellar-Rodriguez Jennifer , Lemieux Jacob E. , Zerbe Christa S. , Bresnick Emery H. , Holland Steven M. 
Published: March 2013

Key Points
Mutations in a conserved intronic enhancer element lead to GATA2 haploinsufficiency. Mutations in GATA2, regardless of mutation type, lead to decreased GATA2 transcript levels and a common global transcriptional profile.
NightShift: NMR shift inference by general hybrid model training - a framework for NMR chemical shift prediction
Authors: Dehof Anna Katharina , Loew Simon , Lenhof Hans-Peter , Hildebrandt Andreas 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundNMR chemical shift prediction plays an important role in various applications in computational biology. Among others, structure determination, structure optimization, and the scoring of docking results can profit from efficient and accurate chemical shift estimation from a three-dimensional model.A variety of NMR chemical shift prediction approaches have been presented in the past, but nearly all of these rely on laborious manual data set preparation and the training itself is not automatized, making retraining the model, e.g., if new data is made available, or testing new models a time-consuming manual chore.ResultsIn this work, we present the framework NightShift (NMR Shift Inference by General Hybrid Model Training), which enables automated data set generation as well as model training and evaluation of protein NMR chemical shift prediction.In addition to this main result - the NightShift framework itself - we describe the resulting, automatically generated, data set and, as a proof-of-concept, a random forest model called Spinster that was built using the pipeline.ConclusionBy demonstrating that the performance of the automatically generated predictors is at least en par with the state of the art, we conclude that automated data set and predictor generation is well-suited for the design of NMR chemical shift estimators.The framework can be downloaded fromhttps://bitbucket.org/akdehof/nightshift. It requires the open source Biochemical Algorithms Library (BALL), and is available under the conditions of the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL). We additionally offer a browser-based user interface to our NightShift instance employing the Galaxy framework viahttps://ballaxy.bioinf.uni-sb.de/.
Identification of differentially expressed genes from Trichoderma harzianum during growth on cell wall of Fusarium solanias a tool for biotechnological application
Authors: Vieira Pabline Marinho , Coelho Alexandre Siqueira Guedes , Steindorff Andrei Stecca , de Siqueira Saulo José Linhares , Silva Roberto do Nascimento , Ulhoa Cirano José 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe species ofT. harzianumare well known for their biocontrol activity against many plant pathogens. However, there is a lack of studies concerning its use as a biological control agent againstF. solani, a pathogen involved in several crop diseases. In this study, we have used subtractive library hybridization (SSH) and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) techniques in order to explore changes inT. harzianumgenes expression during growth on cell wall ofF. solani(FSCW) or glucose. RT-qPCR was also used to examine the regulation of 18 genes, potentially involved in biocontrol, during confrontation betweenT. harzianumandF. solani.ResultsData obtained from two subtractive libraries were compared after annotation using the Blast2GO suite. A total of 417 and 78 readable EST sequence were annotated in the FSCW and glucose libraries, respectively. Functional annotation of these genes identified diverse biological processes and molecular functions required duringT. harzianumgrowth on FSCW or glucose. We identified various genes of biotechnological value encoding to proteins which function such as transporters, hydrolytic activity, adherence, appressorium development and pathogenesis. Fifteen genes were up-regulated and sixteen were down-regulated at least at one-time point during growth ofT. harzianumin FSCW. During the confrontation assay most of the genes were up-regulated, mainly after contact, when the interaction has been established.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates thatT. harzianumexpressed different genes when grown on FSCW compared to glucose. It provides insights into the mechanisms of gene expression involved in mycoparasitism ofT. harzianumagainstF. solani. The identification and evaluation of these genes may contribute to the development of an efficient biological control agent.
miRConnect 2.0: identification of oncogenic, antagonistic miRNA families in three human cancers
Authors: Hua Youjia , Larsen Niels , Kalyana-Sundaram Shanker , Kjems Jørgen , Chinnaiyan Arul M , Peter Marcus E 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
Based on their function in cancer micro(mi)RNAs are often grouped as either tumor suppressors or oncogenes. However, miRNAs regulate multiple tumor relevant signaling pathways raising the question whether two oncogenic miRNAs could be functional antagonists by promoting different steps in tumor progression. We recently developed a method to connect miRNAs to biological function by comparing miRNA and gene array expression data from the NCI60 cell lines without using miRNA target predictions (miRConnect).

Results
We have now extended this analysis to three primary human cancers (ovarian cancer, glioblastoma multiforme, and kidney renal clear cell carcinoma) available at the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and have correlated the expression of the clustered miRNAs with 158 oncogenic signatures (miRConnect 2.0). We have identified functionally antagonistic groups of miRNAs. One group (the agonists), which contains many of the members of the miR-17 family, correlated with c-Myc induced genes and E2F gene signatures. A group that was directly antagonistic to the agonists in all three primary cancers contains miR-221 and miR-222. Since both miR-17 ~ 92 and miR-221/222 are considered to be oncogenic this points to a functional antagonism of different oncogenic miRNAs. Analysis of patient data revealed that in certain patients agonistic miRNAs predominated, whereas in other patients antagonists predominated. In glioblastoma a high ratio of miR-17 to miR-221/222 was predictive of better overall survival suggesting that high miR-221/222 expression is more adverse for patients than high miR-17 expression.

Conclusion
miRConnect 2.0 is useful for identifying activities of miRNAs that are relevant to primary cancers. The new correlation data on miRNAs and mRNAs deregulated in three primary cancers are available at miRConnect.org