bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insertion Reactions of Square‐Planar Diorganoplatinum. 2. Stereoselective Carbonylation of trans‐Pt(R)(R′)(PPh3)2 Leading to cis‐Pt(R)(COR′)(PPh3)2 and Isomers of Pt(PPh3)(COKCOR′)(R)
Authors: Shu Bor‐Chyr , Huang Tsang‐Miao , Tsai Fu‐Yu , Huang Shou‐Ling , Cheng Ming‐Chu , Lee Gene‐Hsiang , Chen Jwu‐Ting , Wang Yu 
Published: May 2015

AbstractSynthesis of square‐planar trans dialkyl and alkyl aryl complexes of platinum(II), trans‐Pt(R)(R′)(PPh3)2 (R = Me R′ = Et (2a); R = Me R′ = Ph (2b); R = R′ = Et (2c); R = Et R′ = Ph (2d)) was established employing transmelaiation of trans‐Pt(R)(I)(PPh3)2 with Grignard reagents R′MgX. Complexes 2a‐2c underwent stereoselective carbonylation to produce cis‐Pt(R)(COR′)(PPh3)2 (R = Me R′ = Et (3a); R = Me R′ = Ph (3b); R = R′ = Et (3c)). These facile transformations were exclusive and quantitative. The reactivity of carbonylation followed the order Et > Ph > Me. A similar reaction of 2d with CO yielded EtC(O)Ph instead. The cis acyl alkyl or acyl aryl complexes 3a‐3c suffered substitution of CO for a PPn3, leading to two isomers SP‐4‐3‐ and SP‐4‐4‐Pt(PPb3)(CO)(COR′)(R) (R = Me R′ = Et (4a, 4a′); R ‐ Me R′ = Ph (4b, 4b′); R = R′ = Et (4c, 4c′)), respectively. The reverse reactions of 4 to 3 readily occurred when external PPh3 was provided. The stereoselectivity of carbonylation of trans‐Pt(R)(R′)(PPh3)2 is explained by a mechanism in which reversible displacement of a PPh3 by CO in the reactant precedes to form a four‐coordinate dialkyl carbonyl intermediate Pt(PPh3)(CO)(R)(R′). The ensuing alkyl (or aryl) migration from metal to the carbonyl carbon achieves the cis acyl alkyl (or aryl) configuration. Recoordination of a PPh3 completes the reaction. X‐ray structures of 2b, 2c, 3b and 4b as single crystals are provided.
Chemical Reactivities of [Me2AI (μ‐NiPr2)2MgMe]4 and [Me2AI(μ‐NiPr2)2MgCI]2: Crystal Structures of [Me2AI(μ‐Pz)2AIMe2], [Me2AI(μ‐P2)2Mg(μ‐Pz)2AIMe2], and [Me2Al(μ.‐NiPr2)(μ‐Me)Mg(μ‐NiPr2)(μ‐Me)AIMe2]
Authors: Chang Chung‐Cheng , Her Tzong‐Yih , Hsieh Fang‐Yen , Yang Chung‐Yenn , Chiang Michael Y. , Lee Gene‐Hsiang , Wang Yu , Peng Shie‐Ming 
Published: May 2015

Abstract[Me2Al(μ‐NiPr2)2MgMc]4 (A) reacted with chloroform to give the starting material [Me2Al(μ‐NiPr2)2MgCl]2 (4) in high yield. Compound 4 underwent metathesis with LiR (R = t‐C4H9, C6H5) to give [Me2Al(μNiPr2)2MgR]n (n = 1, 2). Compound A reacted with pyrazole (Pz) in a molar ratio 1:1 to produce [Me2Al(μ‐NiPr2)2Mg(Pz)]2 (1), and in a molar ratio 1:3 to produce degradation products [Me2Al(μ‐Pz)2AlMe2]4 (2) and [Me2Al(μ‐Pz)2Mg(μ‐Pz )2AlMc2 (3). Compound A reacted with AlMe3 to give [Me2Al(μ‐NiPr2)2Mg(μ‐Me)2AlMe2] (8). Compound 8 isomerized to [Me2Al(μ‐NiPr2)(μ‐Me)Mg(μ‐NiPr2)(μ‐Me)AlMe2] (7) upon heating. Compound 7 was also obtained from reaction of AlMe3 with Mg(NiPr2)2 in a molar ratio 3:1. The crystal structures of compounds 2, 3, and 8 were determined by xray diffraction analysis.
Diels‐Alder Reactions and Synthetic Application of 8‐Trimethylsilyloxy‐1,4‐dioxaspiro[4.5]deca‐6,8‐diene. A Formal Synthesis of (±)‐Compaclin
Authors: Hung Shang‐Cheng , Liao Chun‐Chen 
Published: May 2015

AbstractDiels‐Alder reactions of title diene 6 with electron‐deficient dienophiles gave cycloadducts in good yields (83‐96%). The application of cycloadduct 10 to a format synthesis of (±)‐compactin in six steps is described.
De Novo Synthesis of Bolvinose Through Diastereoselective Ene Reaction
Authors: Lu Wen‐Fang , Uang Biing‐Jiun 
Published: May 2015

AbstractSynthesis of DL‐boivinose from reaction of 3‐methyl‐2‐butenal and an allyl Grignard reagent followed by a chemo‐, regio‐, and diastcreoselective ene reaction on a dienol intermediate 3 with singlet oxygen, an ozonolysis, a protection reaction, and a chemoselective hydride reduction is described. The synthesis was completed in six steps with overall yield 29.7%.
Triplex Formation as Functions of Variation of Sequence and Chain Length of Deoxyoligonucleotides at Varied Concentrations of NaCl and MgCl2
Authors: Kan Lou‐Sing , Ono Akira 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe stahilities of triplexes with two sequences, An and (AG)n were studied by 5′‐C2A16C2/5′‐Tn (n = 12, 14, and 16) and 5′‐(AG)8/5′‐(CT)n (n = 4, 5, 6, and 7) systems by variation of the chain length (of oli‐gopyrimidine sequences), the composition of base triad (T A T versus C G C), pH (acidic and neutral), and the concentration of NaCl and MgCl2. No stable C+‐G‐C base triad was formed at neutral pH. However, C+ G C is more stable than TAT in acidic conditions. The triplex formed from the 5′‐C2A16C2 and T12 mixture with 12TAT units has a melting temperature Tm 11 °C. The triplex formed by 5′‐(AG)8/5′‐(CT)4 with four T A T and four C+ G C base triads shows Tm 41 °C. Tm of 5′‐C2A16C2‐[T16]2 triplex increased proportionally to the increased NaCI and MgCl2 concentrations. Tm of 5′‐(AG)8‐ [5′‐(CT)7]2 became constant when NaCI and MgCl2. attained 0.5 M and 5 mM, respectively. The properties of triplexes with An and (AG)n sequences were discussed.
Organic Reactions upon Dimetalated Olefins. Reactions of the Olefinic Group in the Dirhenlum Complex (OC)4Re[E‐HCC(CO2Me)CS2]Re(CO)4 with Amines
Authors: Adams Richard D. , Chen Linfeng , Huang Mingsheng 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe reaction of (OC)4Re[μ‐E‐HCC(CO2Me)CS2]Re(CO)4, 1 with EtNH2 yielded two new complexes: Re(CO)4[C(H)C(CO2Me)C(NHEt)S], 2, (52%) and Re(CO)3(NH2Et)[C(H)C(CO2Me)C(NHEt)=S], 3a (24%) by competitive attack of the EtNH2 at the dithiocarboxylate grouping and at the hydrogen substituted olefinic carbon atom in 1. In both cases there is a loss of one of the rhenium groupings. The reaction of the sulfurized and oxygenated derivatives of 1, (OC)4Re[EC(H)C(CO2Me)CS2]Re(CO)4, 4a (E=S), 4b (E=O) with EtNH2 yielded Re(CO)4[C(H)=C(CO2Me)C(NHEt)=S], 5a, the parent carbonyl of 3a, by exclusive attack of the amine at the hydrogen substituted olefinic carbon atom. The reaction of (OC)4Re[μ‐SC(S)C(CO2Me)C(H)S]Re(CO)4,6a (an isomer of 4a) with EtNH2 produced a similar result. The reaction of 4a with Et2NH yielded Re(CO)4[μ‐S2C=C(CO2Me)C=NEt2], 5b an N‐ethyl substituted derivative of 5a. These results indicate that the addition of certain heteroatoms can have a directing effect upon the reactivity of these compounds with amines. Compounds 2 and 5a were characterized by single crystal x‐ray diffraction analyses. Crystal Data: For 2: space group = P1, a = 10.782(1) Å, b = 14.721(2) Å, c = 9.940(2) Å, a = 91.57(1)°, β = 93.61(1)°, γ = 70.774(9)°, Z = 4, 4516 reflections, R = 0.047 and for 5a: space group = P21/n, a = 11.389(2) Å, b = 9.660(2) Å, c = 14.756(3) Å, β = 103.36(2)°, Z = 4, 1601 reflections, R = 0.022.
Removal of Nitrobenzene, Isophorone, 2,6‐Dinitrotoluene and 2,4‐Dinitrotoluene from Aqueous Solution by Solvent Sublation
Authors: Horng Jang‐Yeun , Huang Shang‐Da 
Published: May 2015

AbstractNitrobenzene, isophorone, 2,6‐dinitrotoluene and 2,4‐dinitrotoluene were removed from aqueous solution by solvent sublation. The separation efficiencies of three solvents (4‐methyl‐2‐pentanone, 1‐octanol and paraffin oil) as the overlaying layer were compared. The rate of separation of these organic pollutants by solvent sublation depends strongly on the size of air bubbles, which is affected by the overlaying solvent, and concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate (NDS), inorganic and polar organic solute.
Rhenium(I) Tellurolate, Telluroether and Bidentate‐Telluroether Complexes: Crystal Structures of Re(CO)3Br(PhTe(CH2)3TePh), PhTeRe(CO)5 Re2(μ‐SePh)2(CO)8 and [(PhTeMe)Re(CO)5][BF4]
Authors: Liaw Wen‐Feng , Horng Yih‐Chern , On Der‐Shiaw , Chuang Chin‐Yuan , Lee Chen‐Kang , Lee Gene‐Hsiang , Peng Shie‐Ming 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe monomeric rhenium(I) complex with bidentate telluroether ligand Re(CO)3Br(PhTe(CH2)3TePh) (1) was accessible via reaction of the PhTe(CH2)3TePh with Re(CO)5Br. This chelate complex crystallized in triclinic space group \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm P}\bar 1 $\end{document} with a = 9.390(5) Å, b = 10.961(3) Å, c = 11.849(4) Å a = 63.30(3)°, β = 87.49(4)° γ = 69.31(4)°, V = 1009.5(7) Å3 Z = 2, R = 0.033, and Rw = 0.034. Reaction of Re(CO)5Cl with NaTePh yielded the Re(I) specics PhTeRe(CO)5 (2). This complex crystallized in triclinic space group \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm P}\bar 1 $\end{document} with a = 7.085(1) Å, b = 9.203(1) Å, c = 11.341(1) Å, α = 107.24(1)°, β = 100.56(1)°, γ = 96.47(1)°, V = 683.2(2) Å3, Z = 2, R = 0.027, Rw = 0.022. Reaction of PhTeRe(CO)5 and (PhSe)2 in THF at 65 °C yielded a product that was confirmed crystallographically to be the known species Re2(μ‐SePh)2(CO)8 (3), in which two phenylselenolate ligands bridge the two Re(I). Compound 3 crystallized in monoclinic space group P21/n with a = 7.210(2) Å, b = 18.862(6) Å, c = 9.083(3) Å, β = 107.48(3)° V = 1178.2(7) Å3, Z = 2, R = 0.046, and Rw = 0.051. Methylation of PhTeRe(CO)5 with [Me3O][BF4] afforded Re(I) product [(PhTeMe)Re(CO)5][BF4] (4). This monodentate telluroether species crystallized in monoclinic space group P21/n with a = 8.405(1) Å, b = 13.438(3) Å, c = 15.560(2) Å, β = 92.59(1)° V = 1755.5(5) Å3, Z = 4, R = 0.035, and Rw = 0.035.
Towards Total Synthesis of Forskolin I. The Synthesis of Fragment Intermediates A and B
Authors: Tsai Thomas Ying‐Ren , Chen Tsun‐Ren , Sheu Shih‐Yiing 
Published: May 2015

AbstractMethods for synthesis of two crucial intermediate A and B starting with 2,4,4‐trimethyl‐2‐cyclo‐hexenone 1 and 2,3‐dibromofuran 9 are disclosed.
Constituents of Fruit Bodies of Tramete orientalis
Authors: Chen Huey‐Ling , Chiang Hung‐Cheh 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA known sterol, 5α,6α‐epoxy‐5α‐crgosta‐8(14),22E‐diene‐3β,7α‐diol (1), and two new sterols, 5α,6α‐epoxy‐3β,8β,14α‐trihydroxy‐5α‐ergost‐22E‐en‐7‐one (2), (3α,5α),(8β,11β)‐diepidioxy‐ergost‐22E‐en‐12‐one (3), were isolated and characterized from dried fruit bodies of Trametes orientalis. Their structures were elucidated according to spectral methods.
A Study of S(3P2,1,0;1D2; 1S0) Production in the 193 nm Photodissociation of CH3SH
Authors: Hsu Chia‐Wei , Liao Chung‐Lin , Ng Cheuk‐Yiu 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe dynamics of S(3P2,1,0; 1D2; 1S0) production from the 193 nm photodissociation of CH3SH has been examined by 2+1 resonance‐enhanced‐multiphoton‐ionization (REMPI) techniques. Using the rate equation scheme, we have rationalized the intensities of S(3P2,1,0; 1D2; 1S0) observed according to the sequential two‐photon dissociative pathways, (A): CH3SH + hv (193 nm) → CH3S + hv (193 nm) → S and (B): CH3SH + hv (193 nm) → HS + hv (193 nm) → S, as the major mechanisms for S production. We have satisfactorily fitted the photodissociation laser power dependencies for S(3P) and S(1D) produced from CH3SH by invoking photodissociation cross sections and branching ratios S(3P)/S(1D) for CH3S and HS similar to those determined previously in the 193 nm photodissociation of CH3SCH3 and H2S. This observation supports that the 193 nm photodissociation of CH3S and HS prepared from CH3SH yield predominantly S(lD) and S(3P), similar to the cases for CH3S prepared from CH3SCH3 and for HS prepared from H2S, respectively. A small amount of S(1S0) observed from the 193 nm photodissociation of CH3SH is attributed to pathway (B).
Two Recent Studies Involving Pressure Tuning Spectroscopy
Authors: Drickamer Harry G. , Lang Jiamin , Dreger Zbigniew A. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn this paper we present two recent studies utilizing pressure tuning spectroscopy. In the first of these we use high pressure photoluminescence to characterize the large difference in luminescence efficiency at one atmosphere between [Ru(bpy)3]2+ and [Ru(bpy)2py2]2+ ions. The lower efficiency of the latter ion is due to dissipation of excitation energy by motion of the pyridines.The second study involves a combination of photo‐and thermoluminescence of doped ZnS phosphors of technical importance. In the phosphor doped with CI and Cu+ we demonstrate that the donors are pinned to the conduction band and the acceptors to the valence band. We invoke the presence of “deep levels” to describe the behavior of the traps. In the phosphor doped with Mn+2 plus C1‐ and Cu+ a series of traps appeared as the pressure was increased. By comparison with ZnS doped only with Mn+2 it was possible to assign some of the traps to C1‐ and others to Mn+2.
Studies on State‐to‐State Energy Transfer of Electronically Excited Atoms and Molecules
Authors: Li Xue‐Chu , Lou Nan‐Quan 
Published: May 2015

AbstractRotationally inelastic collisions of NH2( Ã2A1), ∑(0,9,0), 303, 101 have been studied by measuring the dispersed fluorescence spectra at molecular beam conditions. The results show that the angular momentum transfer rule is much more successful than is that predicted by energy gap law for fitting the rotational energy transfer rate. For ΔN < 2 the transfer rates are getting slow down. Downward transfer rates are faster than those of upward transfer. With same angular momentum transferred, the transfer rates for Δka = 0 process are larger than those for Δka≠0. It is also found that rotation transfer process is a very efficient way for decaying of the initially pumped levels. About 60% of the initially pumped 303 is colliding into other rotational levels. Energy transfer reactions of metastable rare gas atoms (Rg*) with N2, NH3, CS2 were investigated by measuring the emission spectra. The preferential population of n(A″) of NH(c1II) was found in He(23S) + NH3 reaction, the experimental data shows II(A″)/II(A′) = 1.2 at J′ < 13. A high vibrational excitation and low rotational excitation of N2(C3n) were observed in Ne(3P02) + N2 reaction comparing with Ar(3P0.2) + N2 reaction. The detailed vibrational populations of CS2+ (Ã, B̃) achieved by He(23S)/Ne(3P0.2) + CS2 reaction are different from those obtained by PES. The vibrational distributions of CH(A2Δ) obtained by He(23S) + CHC13 (CH3NO2) reactions were discussed based on statistical theory, special attention was paid to reveal the role played by tie angular momentum restriction in this process. The result on energy transfer between N2(a1 Π) and CO(X1 ∑) was firstly presented by VUV emission spectra at single collision condition. The mechanisms of energy transfer related to some of the reactions mentioned above were also discussed in the text.
On Theoretical Treatments of Electronic Excitation Energy Transfer
Authors: Liao D. W. , Cheng W. D. , Bigman J. , Kami Y. , Speiser S. , Lin S. H. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we review the generalized Forster‐Dexter theory to treat photoinduced electronic energy transfer for a system in dense media and for an isolated system (i.e., a system in the collision‐free condition). Instead of expressing the rate of energy transfer in terms of spectral overlap, the expression of the energy‐transfer rate constant is obtained by evaluating a Fourier integral involved in the energy transfer rate constant using the saddle‐point method. In this way, the energy‐gap dependence, and the effect of temperature and the isotope effect on the energy transfer can be easily studied. The effect of bridge groups connecting between donor and acceptor chromophores on the intramolecular energy transfer is also studied.
New Spectral Techniques: Time‐Resolved Fourier‐Transform Spectroscopy and Two‐Color Laser‐Induced Grating Spectroscopy
Authors: Lee Yuan‐Pern , Yen P.‐S. , Leu G.‐H. , Hung Wen‐Ching , Hung S.‐C. , Chen I‐Chia 
Published: May 2015

AbstractTime‐resolved Fourier‐transform spectroscopy and two‐color laser‐induced grating spectroscopy are two new techniques recently employed in this laboratory. We recorded emission in the near infrared region during laser photolysis of HONO2 with a step‐scan Fourier‐transform spectrometer and achieved temporal resolution in the microsecond range and spectral resolution of 0.1 cm1. Rotationally resolved emission lines of the (0,0) band of the D 2∑+ →A 2∑ + transition of NO in the region 8900‐9300 cnv−1 with irregular relative intensities were observed when an ArF excimer laser was used to photodissociate HONO2. The spectroscopic parameters of both D 2∑+ and A 2∑+ states agree with those previously reported. When a narrow‐band ArF laser was used, selective rotational levels of the D state of NO were populated depending on the wavelength of the ArF laser. Our results indicate that absorption of a 193‐nm photon by NO(υ″ = 1) is responsible for the observed emission. To test the technique of two‐color laser‐induced grating spectroscopy, we employed the B 3II0U+‐X 1∑g + system of I2. Background‐free spectra with transitions involving rotationally selected states were recorded. Various experimental schemes were employed with population gratings formed in either the B or X state. Signals due to different four‐wave mixing schemes were distinguished by variation of relative timing between the grating beams and the probe beam.
Treatment of Radiation Trapping by Reduced Multiple Scattering Series
Authors: Lai Re , Ma Xingxiao 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWe have developed a form of solution to radiation trapping problems by the reduced multiple scattering series. Much of the power of our approach lies its capability to present a complete description of radiation trapping in a straightforward and systematic manner. This paper presents a review of our work. Generalization of the method to incorporating collisional and radiative transfer of excitation is also reported.
Effect of Solvation on Chemical Reactions, I. Addition of a Single Water Molecule to the H− + H2O → OH− + H2 Reaction
Authors: Xanlheas Sotiris S. , Dunning Thom H. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe gas phase chemical reaction, H− + H2O → H2 + OH, and the effect of an additional water molecule on the reaction, H−(H2O) + H2O → H2 + OH(H2O), have been investigated. The optimal structures and energies of the reactants, products, two stable intermediates, and the transition state connecting the two intermediates have been determined. The additional water molecule does not affect the potential surface congruently: it destabilizes the H(H2O) minimum, but stabilizes the H2 ⃛OH minimum and the transition state connecting the two intermediates. However, it stabilizes the products more than the H2 ⃛OH− minimum. Finally, in line with the reduction in the barrier height, the transition state for the H(H20) to H2 ⃛OH− isomerization moves further along the reaction path.
Interaction of Chlorine with Hydrogenated Diamond Surface
Authors: Ando Toshihiro , Yamamoto Kazuo , Suehara Shigeru , Kamo Mutsukazu , Sato Yoichiro , Shimosaki Shinji , Nishitani‐Gamo Mikka 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe interaction of chlorine with the hydrogenated diamond surface has been investigated by diffuse reflectance Fourier‐transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, temperature‐programmed desorption (TPD) spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The hydrogenated diamond surface is chlorinated by thermal reaction in chlorine. Hydrogen chemisorbed on the diamond surface is abstracted by chlorine and the chemisorption of chlorine is yielded. Hydroxyl groups are produced by treatment of the chlorinated diamond with water vapor at room temperature. Amino groups are produced by treatment of the chlorinated diamond with ammonia at 425 °C.
Reaction Dynamics of Mg(3s3p1P1) with H2
Authors: Liu Dean‐Kuo , Chin Thou‐Long , Ou Yaw‐Ren , Huang Cheng‐Tsung , Lin King‐Chuen 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWe measured the temperature dependence of rotational population distribution of the nascent product MgH(2∑+) in the reaction of Mg(3s3p1P1) with H2. The results indicate that the reaction is dominated by an Mg‐insertive mechanism, consistent with the isotope effect reported previously. We also presented the vibrational population distribution, and thereby found that two parallel reaction pathways are responsible for the subject reaction following Mg‐H2 collision in a bent configuration. The major one produces MgH in higher rotational levels and comparable v″ = 0 and v″ = 1 populations, while the other minor one produces MgH in low rotational levels and preferentially v″ = 0. By means of a two‐dimensional potential energy sur‐face(PES) calculation, a deep insight into the reaction pathways has been gained. The resulting PES's information reveals the possibility of a nonadiabatic transition between the excited 1B2 PES and the ground PES. The bent intermediate MgH2 near the surface crossing starts trajectories either smoothly following the dissociation coordinate of Mg‐H distance or attractively falling down through a linear HMgH geometry before breaking apart. The former trajectory accounts for the minor reaction pathway to produce MgH, while the latter one responses to the major reaction pathway. The impact of isotope and temperature effects on MgH can also be readily explained with use of the calculated PES's.
Nuclear Wavepacket Study on Unimolecular Reactions of Hydrogen Cyanide Excited by Femtosecond Pulsed Lasers
Authors: Umeda Hiroaki , Fujimura Yuichi 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe unimolecular reaction dynamics of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) induced by IR multiphoton, femtosecond excitations was studied on the basis of the nuclear wavepacket theory. Both hydrogen dissociation and migration of HCN are taken into account. In evaluating the propagation of the wavepackets in the two‐dimensional potential surface, position grid and eigenfunction basis sets were adopted for the dissociation and hydrogen migration coordinates, respectively. The ground state potential energy function and the dipole moment function calculated by using a MCSCF ab‐initio procedure were used. Laser‐intensity dependencies of the dissociation and hydrogen migration probabilities were evaluated. Effects of mode‐couplings on the hydrogen migration were examined.
Study of the Reaction Rate, in the Critical Regime, of a Solute Embedded in a Lennard‐Jones Crystal
Authors: Singh Surjit , Wilse Robinson G. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn a recent study, we showed that the Grote‐Hynes theory for the chemical reaction rate exhibits critical phenomena near a critical coupling strength and large solvent response times. Therefore it is possible to write (he rate in a scaling form with a universal scaling function that depends only on the short‐time behavior of the memory friction kernel. This study involved a friction kernel involving only one relaxation time. In this paper, we apply the same techniques to a crystal friction involving multiple timescales. We show that the rate shows critical behavior and obtain the universal scaling function. We find the asymptotic behavior of the rate in different regimes of interest. In this way, we uncover the rich mathematical structure of the reaction rate associated with the crystal friction with multiple timescales.
Kinetics of Depletion of Electronically Excited Ti Atom by CH4, C2H2, C2H4 and C2H6
Authors: Honma K. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe kinetics of depletion of ground state Ti(a3F) and electronically excited state Ti(a5F) upon interactions with CH4, C2H2, C2H4, and C2H6 are studied in a fast‐flow reactor at a He pressure of 0.70 Torr. No depletion of ground state Ti(a3F) was observed upon interaction with all hydrocarbons studied here. Two alkanes, CH4 and C2H6, were also quite inert for depletion of the excited state Ti(a5F), On the other hand, C2H2 and C2H4 deplete the excited state Ti(a5F) very efficiently. Rate constants were determined to be (266 ± 86) and (476 ± 88) × 10−12 cm3s−1 for Ti(a5F) + C2H4 and Ti(a5F) + C2H2, respectively. These large rate constants compared with the ground state Ti were explained by an electron donor‐acceptor interaction model that works in the interaction between C2H4 or C2H2 and the excited state with unfilled 4s orbital.