bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Republican Wave of 2014: The Continuity of the 2012 and 2014 Elections
Authors: Campbell James E. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThis article examines the influences on the 2014 midterm congressional elections. The election was a decisive victory for the Republican Party. Republicans picked up nine Senate seats and with them control of the Senate. They also gained thirteen House seats, extending their House majority to its largest size in over 80 years. Although Republican seat gains can be explained at one level by the normal processes of surge and decline plus the midterm as a referendum on the performance of the presidential party, this does not explain why the midterm referendum was so lopsidedly against the Democrats that it created a Republican wave in the election. This analysis traces the reasons for the Democrats’ “shellacking” to the 2012 presidential election. The reason for President Obama’s reelection in 2012 has been misinterpreted as an ideological triumph or as a positive referendum on the president’s job performance. Neither was the case. As a first party-term incumbent, President Obama was given additional time to revive the weak economy that he inherited from President Bush. The 2012 referendum on the president’s performance was a suspended referendum, not a vote of confidence. The analysis shows that the economy was weak by historical standards in 2012 and remained so in 2014 and that voters realized that the economy was weak in 2012 and continued to believe so in 2014. The crucial political difference was that voters blamed former President Bush in 2012, but held the Democrats responsible in 2014.
Was it a Wave? What does it Mean?
Authors: Goldstein Kenneth M. , Dallek Mathew J. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIn the instant analysis that followed, pundits dubbed the 2014 midterms an election “wave” for the Republican Party. Our article argues that “wave” is one of the most abused terms in American political discourse. Although political waves do exist, our article argues that they come in a variety of shapes, are created by a constellation of factors beyond anti-incumbency, and can have a number of different effects on the next national election cycle. Our analysis shows that the 2014 wave (if there was a wave in the ocean) was neither as large as pundits suggested nor as politically impactful as some spinners have claimed. Elections are determined by terrain and climate, both of which favored Republicans in 2014. Republicans captured or defended Senate seats where they should have in nine deep-red states. Focusing on gubernatorial and Senate campaigns in seven purple states, we see that Republicans won eight out of the 12 contests and five out of the nine most competitive contests. Although there has been an immense amount of attention to turnout, our analysis demonstrates that Republican victories were sometimes due to turnout, sometimes due to performance among independents, and sometimes due to a combination of these factors. This mixed picture complicates the analysis of the Republican victories, suggesting that the Rising American Electorate (youth, minorities, women) will not simply carry the Democrats to victory in 2016, and that anti-Obama public opinion alone will not be enough to deliver the White House to Republicans. It also provides yet more evidence that there is not a one-size-fits-all strategy when it comes to campaign focus and targeting.
The 2014 House Elections: Political Analysis and The Enduring Importance of Demographics
Authors: Stonecash Jeffrey M. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractPartisan success in House districts is significantly influenced by the composition of districts and the resulting partisan voting inclinations. Districts that are largely White and have lower population density vote Republican and those that are highly urban and dominated by non-Whites vote Democratic. That continued to play out in 2014. Although the 2014 House elections produced the highest number of Republican seats since 1928, the changes from 2012 to 2014 look less dramatic when assessed by district composition and partisan voting tendencies.
Money in the 2014 Congressional Elections: Institutionalizing a Broken Regulatory System
Authors: La Raja Raymond J. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe campaign finance system has fragmented campaign activity in response to rules that are unworkable in a strong party system. The 2014 congressional elections illustrate how party coalitions have adapted to practices that enable them to raise and spend money outside this formal regulatory framework. For several election cycles, partisan interest groups have used outside campaign organizations to circumvent rules that constrain candidate and party committees. The 2014 elections illustrate how party leaders in Congress and these candidates have now embraced the outside campaign strategy to wrest some control from other elements of the party. Recent changes to campaign finance rules may shift additional money toward traditional committees, but outside groups like Super PACs are now established features of US political campaigns.
Opportunistic Channel Scheduling for Ad Hoc Networks with Queue Stability
Authors: Dong Lei , Wang Yongchao 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIn this paper, a distributed opportunistic channel access strategy in ad hoc network is proposed. We consider the multiple sources contend for the transmission opportunity, the winner source decides to transmit or restart contention based on the current channel condition. Owing to real data assumption at all links, the decision still needs to consider the stability of the queues. We formulate the channel opportunistic scheduling as a constrained optimization problem which maximizes the system average throughput with the constraints that the queues of all links are stable. The proposed optimization model is solved by Lyapunov stability in queueing theory. The successive channel access problem is decoupled into single optimal stopping problem at every frame and solved with
A Semi-stationary Copula Model Approach for Bivariate Survival Data with Interval Sampling
Authors: Zhu Hong , Wang Mei-Cheng 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIn disease registries, bivariate survival data are typically collected under interval sampling. It refers to a situation when entry into a registry is at the time of the first failure event (i.e., HIV infection) within a calendar time window. For all the cases in the registry, time of the initiating event (i.e., birth) is retrospectively identified, and subsequently the second failure event (i.e., death) is observed during follow-up. In this paper we discuss how interval sampling introduces bias into the data. Given the sampling design that the first event occurs within a specific time interval, the first failure time is doubly truncated, and the second failure time is possibly informatively right censored. Consider semi-stationary condition that the disease progression is independent of when the initiating event occurs. Under this condition, this paper adopts copula models to assess association between the bivariate survival times with interval sampling. We first obtain bias-corrected estimators of marginal survival functions, and estimate association parameter of copula model by a two-stage procedure. In the second part of the work, covariates are incorporated into the survival distributions via the proportional hazards models. Inference of the association measure in copula model is established, where the association is allowed to depend on covariates. Asymptotic properties of proposed estimators are established, and finite sample performance is evaluated by simulation studies. The method is applied to a community-based AIDS study in Rakai to investigate dependence between age at infection and residual lifetime without and with adjustment for HIV subtype.
A Neuronal Activity-Dependent Dual Function Chromatin-Modifying Complex RegulatesArcExpression
Authors: Oey Nicodemus E. , Leung How Wing , Ezhilarasan Rajaram , Zhou Lei , Beuerman Roger W. , VanDongen Hendrika M.A. , VanDongen Antonius M.J. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractChromatin modification is an important epigenetic mechanism underlying neuroplasticity. Histone methylation and acetylation have both been shown to modulate gene expression, but the machinery responsible for mediating these changes in neurons has remained elusive. Here we identify a chromatin-modifying complex containing the histone demethylase PHF8 and the acetyltransferase TIP60 as a key regulator of the activity-induced expression of Arc, an important mediator of synaptic plasticity. Clinically, mutations in PHF8 cause X-linked mental retardation while TIP60 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. Within minutes of increased synaptic activity, this dual function complex is rapidly recruited to the Arc promoter, where it specifically counteracts the transcriptionally repressive histone mark H3K9me2 to facilitate the formation of the transcriptionally permissive H3K9acS10P, thereby favoring transcriptional activation. Consequently, gain-of-function of the PHF8−TIP60 complex in primary rat hippocampal neurons has a positive effect on early activity-inducedArcgene expression, whereas interfering with the function of this complex abrogates it. A global proteomics screen revealed that the majority of common interactors of PHF8 and TIP60 were involved in mRNA processing, including PSF, an important molecule involved in neuronal gene regulation. Finally, we proceeded to show, using super-resolution microscopy, that PHF8 and TIP60 interact at the single molecule level with PSF, thereby situating this chromatin modifying complex at the crossroads of transcriptional activation. These findings point toward a mechanism by which an epigenetic pathway can regulate neuronal activity-dependent gene transcription, which has implications in the development of novel therapeutics for disorders of learning and memory.
Evaluation of a ferret-specific formula for determining body surface area to improve chemotherapeutic dosing
Authors: Jones Krista L. , Granger L. Abbigail , Kearney Michael T. , da Cunha Anderson F. , Cutler Daniel C. , Shapiro Meredith E. , Tully Thomas N. , Shiomitsu Keijiro 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To use CT-derived measurements to create a ferret-specific formula for body surface area (BSA) to improve chemotherapeutic dosing.
ANIMALS 25 adult ferrets (19 live and 6 cadavers).
PROCEDURES Live subjects were weighed, and body measurements were obtained by each of 3 observers while ferrets were awake and anesthetized. Computed tomography was performed, and a 3-D surface model was constructed with open-source imaging software, from which BSA was estimated. The CT-derived values were compared with BSA calculated on the basis of the traditional tape method for 6 cadavers. To further validate CT analysis software, 11 geometric shapes were scanned and their CT-derived values compared with those calculated directly via geometric formulas. Agreement between methods of surface area estimation was assessed with linear regression. Ferret-specific formulas for BSA were determined with nonlinear regression models.
RESULTS Repeatability among the 3 observers was good for all measurements, but some measurements differed significantly between awake and anesthetized ferrets. Excellent agreement was found between measured versus CT-derived surface area of shapes, traditional tape– versus CT-derived BSA of ferret cadavers, and CT-derived BSA of cadavers with and without monitoring equipment. All surface area formulas performed relatively similarly.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE CT-derived BSA measurements of ferrets obtained via open-source imaging software were reliable. On the basis of study results, the recommended formula for BSA in ferrets would be 9.94 × (body weight)2/3; however, this represented a relatively minor difference from the feline-derived formula currently used by most practitioners and would result in little practical change in drug doses.
Examination of the Effect of Psychophysical Factors on the Quality of Human Gait Recognition
Authors: Derlatka Marcin 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The paper presents an analysis concerning the influence of selected psychophysical parameters on the quality of human gait recognition. The following factors have been taken into account: body height (BH), body weight (BW), the emotional condition of the respondent, the physical condition of the respondent, previous injuries or dysfunctions of the locomotive system. The study was based on data measuring the ground reaction forces (GRF) among 179 participants (3 315 gait cycles). Based on the classification, some kind of confusion matrix were established. On the basis of the data included in the matrix, it was concluded that the wrong classification was most affected by the similar weight of two confused people. It was also noted, that people of the same gender and similar BH were confused most often. On the other hand, previous body injuries and dysfunctions of the motor system were the factors facilitating the recognition of people. The results obtained will allow for the design of more accurate biometric systems in the future.
Frictional Heating During Sliding of two Semi-Spaces with Arbitrary Thermal Nonlinearity
Authors: Och Ewa 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Analytical and numerical solution for transient thermal problems of friction were presented for semi limited bodies made from thermosensitive materials in which coefficient of thermal conductivity and specific heat arbitrarily depend on the temperature (materials with arbitrary non-linearity). With the constant power of friction assumption and imperfect thermal contact linearization of nonlinear problems formulated initial-boundary thermal conductivity, using Kirchhoff transformation is partial. In order to complete linearization, method of successive approximations was used. On the basis of obtained solutions a numerical analysis of two friction systems in which one element is constant (cermet FMC-845) and another is variable (grey iron ChNMKh or aluminum-based composite alloy AL MMC) was conducted
The Using of Millimeter Waves for Biosynthetic Processes Stimulation in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
Authors: Usatîi Agafia , Chiseliţa Natalia , Efremova Nadejda , Borisova Tamara 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The results of influence of three frequencies of electromagnetic radiation of highfrequency range (EMR EHF) on the biosynthesis of carbohydrates, β-glucan, proteins, catalase activity by Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNMN -Y-20 yeast strain were analysed. It was established that frequency of f= 53,33 GHz stimulates the biosynthesis of carbohydrates, including β-glucan and frequency of f= 42,19 GHz promotes the increase of protein content and catalase. The indicated frequencies of EMR EHF are offered for the use in the biotechnology of cultivation of yeasts with the purpose to increase biosynthetic properties of yeast strain
Sorption Properties of Some Romanian Gingerbread
Authors: Tulbure Anca , Ognean Mihai , Ognean Claudia-Felicia , Danciu Ioan 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Water activity of gingerbread is very important for keeping the product freshness and shelf life. Water activity is influenced by composition, water content and temperature. The water content of gingerbread could vary according with storage condition. i.e. rH. 11 gingerbread samples were analysed. The water content and water activity lies between 7.0 and 12.6% and respectively 0.590 and 0.715. The sorption isotherms were determined at 30°C by gravimetric method. The moisture sorption is influenced by composition, especially sweeteners and humectants. Honey and invert sugar have the same impact on gingerbread higroscopicity.
Research Regarding Aluminium Eloxation from Phosphoric Acid Electrolyte
Authors: Cretu Carmen Monica 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The study presents the influence of production parameters on the aluminium eloxation from H3PO4 solution. The thickness and aspect of the deposited Al2O3 were determined. The electrodeposition experiments was to determine the optimum conditions for the producing of bright, continuous, adherent and compact Al2O3 layers.
Integrated security levels and analysis of their implications to the maintenance
Authors: Korytar Marek , Gabriska Darja 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The article describes the main indicators of the functional safety systems, which are related to the safety of technological processes. There is also an evaluated example in accordance with the recommendations of the standards IEC61508 and IEC 61511. In this paper, we analyzed their dependence on the organization of maintenance and diagnosis of these systems.
Father Dumitru Stăniloae (1903–1993) and his Contribution to Theology
Authors: Toma Ştefan L. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This paper attempts to offer a general overview of the contribution of Father Dumitru Stăniloae to theology, emphasizing recognitions and commentaries (from throughout the entire spectrum of Christian theology) related to this topic. As promoter of the Patristic Tradition, Father Stăniloae successfully elaborated a form of neopatristic theology. His struggle against the scholastic typology, his promotion of Saint Gregory Palama’s theology, his support of the spiritual approach to dogmas, the importance of the Philokalic theology, the role of the patristic exegesis and ascetic experience in the dogmatic development of Tradition are just a few aspects of this approach. The final section of the paper provides the perspective of understanding Father Stăniloae’s theology as an open dimension to the entire cosmic reality.
Fr. Dumitru Stăniloae’s View on Laymen’s Participation in the Infallibility of the Church
Authors: Roşu Alexandru 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Though Fr. Dumitru Stăniloae did not address the topic extensively, a certain view on laymen’s participation in the Infallibility of the Church could be extracted from his writings. While professing the traditional teaching of the Orthodox Church, i.e., insisting on the role of hierarchy in preserving and formulating the faith, Stăniloae alluded to a specific charismatic role of laity in preserving and strengthening the faith. The dialogue with the ecclesiology of I. Karmiris also led Stăniloae to the formulation of a personal theory concerning the limits of Church infallibility. The collaboration between clergy and laymen, as witnessed by the Liturgy, appears to be a suitable description of the manner in which Church infallibility functions.
The 10th Assembly of the World Council of Churches A General Presentation and Some Preliminary Remarks
Authors: Buda Daniel 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This article strives to make a general presentation on the 10th Assembly of the World Council of Churches which took place in Busan, Republic of South Korea, from the 30th October to the 8th November 2013, underlining the most important points of the agenda of this global ecumenical event. It also reviews two documents issued by the Assembly and published after this presentation: The Message of the WCC Assembly, entitled “Join the Pilgrimage of Justice and Peace” and the so-called “Unity Statement” entitled “God’s Gift and Call to Unity - and Our Commitment”.
Euthanasia and Orthodox theology of Communion
Authors: Ježek Václav 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The article discusses the issue of Euthanasia from the perspective of an Orthodox theology of communion. It demonstrates, that issues related to Euthanasia including moral and ethical issues cannot be limited to the individual and his context, but are in fact issues that should and do incorporate the wider community. The emphasis of Orthodox Theology on Communion and on the community could present possibilities of how to deal with Euthanasia by transferring the debate from the context of the individual and his or her choice or choice of other immediate individuals to an ecclesially centred platform. Just as there is a tendency for greater individualisation in society there is a tendency to moral and ethical individualisation and atomisation.
Die historisch-kritische Methode der Bibelauslegung
Authors: Klein Hans 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The historical-critical method of biblical exegesis has its roots in Humanism and in the Enlightenment. Humanism situated the Bible in the series of ancient texts, whilst the Enlightenment sought the rational elements in the message of the Bible. The method, developed over a long period of time, proceeds from the assumption that the Bible has a message, first and foremost, for the respective era. This is why it tries to distil the demands and consolations of the Bible on the basis of (historical) knowledge about the respective era, and to sound the depths of its message for the present on this basis. There are many steps the interpreter must go through to create a space in his heart for the message of the Bible in accord with the specifics of his own era. The critical aspect of the method rests primarily on placing the message within the time of its utterance, but also on relating it to the conditions and mentalities prevailing at the time of interpretation. The historical-critical method is an auxiliary science that does not exclude other types of Bible exegesis. The insights gained from applying it are communicated through sermons and as part of the teachings of the Church.
Can Orthodox Biblical Theology be Autonomous?
Authors: Oancea Constantin 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The current trend among Orthodox theologians is to identify a fitting profile for biblical theology. The ecclesial and pneumatological dimension of biblical interpretation and the recovery of the patristic spirit of exegesis are the main principles invoked. Should Orthodox biblical theology develop autonomously, ignoring western biblical theology? The case of the Bible from 1914 analysed in this study shows that Orthodox biblical theology should develop taking into account heterodox biblical theology and making reference to its results.
Die orthodoxe Hermeneutik in ihrem Selbstverständnis gegenüber der historisch-kritischen Methode
Authors: Nikolakopoulos Konstantin 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Different churches have developed over time several concepts of exegesis of the New Testament. From the very first apostolic years, the Orthodox East embraced the delivered interpretation of the Fathers, who always respected the revealing and holy spiritual character of the Scriptures (God-centric interpretation). Prevailing since the Middle-Ages in Western Christianity, on the other hand, has been an interpretative spirit of rationalistic research of the texts which gives priority to historical facts and ignores sometimes the supernatural-revealing intervention of the divine (human-centric interpretation). As long as different understandings of the holy text can lead to divergence from the delivered dogmatic teaching, it is imperative for both sides to know and understand each other better, in order to success an effective convergence. Through the harmonic synthesis of both hermeneutical directions some exaggerations and extreme interpretations could be avoided.