bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Cholesterol Levels with Mortality and Cardiovascular Events among Patients with CKD and Different Amounts of Proteinuria
Authors: Chen Szu-Chia , Hung Chi-Chih , Tsai Yi-Chun , Huang Jiun-Chi , Kuo Mei-Chuan , Lee Jia-Jung , Chiu Yi-Wen , Chang Jer-Ming , Hwang Shang-Jyh , Chen Hung-Chun 
Published: August 2013

Summary

Background and objectives
Malnutrition and/or inflammation may modify the risk relationship of total cholesterol with cardiovascular disease in CKD patients. However, it is unclear whether the relationship of total cholesterol with cardiovascular events and mortality varies by proteinuria.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
This study enrolled 3303 patients with CKD stages 3–5 from a medical center and a regional hospital between November of 2002 and May of 2009 and followed the patients until July of 2010.

Results
During a median 2.8-year follow-up, there were 471 (14.3%) deaths and 545 (16.5%) cardiovascular events. In an adjusted Cox model, the two highest quartiles of total cholesterol (hazard ratio, 1.90; 95% confidence interval, 1.16 to 3.13 and hazard ratio, 2.00; 95% confidence interval, 1.18 to 3.39 versus quartile 1, respectively) were associated with a significant higher risk of all-cause mortality in patients with urine protein-to-creatinine ratio<1 g/g (n=1535), but this higher risk was not seen in those patients with urine protein-to-creatinine ratio≥1 g/g (n=1768; hazard ratio, 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.53 to 1.07 and hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval, 0.49 to 1.02 versus quartile 1, respectively). The interaction between total cholesterol and proteinuria with all-cause mortality was significant (interaction, P=0.05). However, the relationship between total cholesterol and cardiovascular events did not significantly differ by proteinuria (interaction, P=0.91).

Conclusions
The association between cholesterol and mortality is different among patients with different levels of proteinuria. Large-scale clinical trials to evaluate the mortality benefit should specifically target lowering hypercholesterolemia in CKD patients with different levels of proteinuria.
Short-Term Changes after a Weight Reduction Intervention in Advanced Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Friedman Allon N. , Chambers Mary , Kamendulis Lisa M. , Temmerman Joan 
Published: August 2013

Summary

Background and objectives
Obesity precedes and is strongly linked to the development of type 2 diabetic nephropathy in most patients, yet little is known about the effects of weight reduction on this disease. This study aimed to establish proof of concept for the hypothesis that weight reduction ameliorates diabetic nephropathy.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Six obese individuals with advanced diabetic nephropathy (estimated GFR <40 ml/min per 1.73 m2, urine albumin excretion >30 mg/d) currently taking a renin-aldosterone axis inhibitor underwent a 12-week very low calorie ketogenic weight reduction diet with encouragement of exercise between March and September 2012. Albuminuria and other parameters of kidney health were the main outcome measures.

Results
There was a 12% reduction in weight (median 118.5 versus 104.3 kg, P=0.03). The intervention was associated with a 36% reduction in albuminuria that did not reach statistical significance (2124 versus 1366 mg/24 h, P=0.08) and significant reductions in the filtration markers serum creatinine (3.54 versus 3.13 mg/dl, P<0.05) and cystatin C (2.79 versus 2.46 mg/l, P<0.05). Improvements were also noted for the diabetes markers fasting glucose (166 versus 131 mg/dl, P<0.05), fasting insulin (26.9 versus 10.4 μU/ml, P<0.05), and insulin resistance (9.6 versus 4.2, P=0.03). Physical function, general health, and the number of diabetes medications also showed statistically significant signs of improvement.

Conclusions
After a short-term intensive weight reduction intervention in patients with advanced diabetic nephropathy, improvements were observed in markers of glomerular filtration, diabetes status, and risk factors for kidney disease progression, as well as other general indicators of health and well-being.
Decreased Na+/K+ ATPase α1 (ATP1A1) gene expression in major depression patients’ peripheral blood
Authors: Li Li , Wu Huijuan , Qian Jialin , Li Mingzhen , Li Yue , Li Baoming , Han Yu , Du Yi , Wang Yongzhi , Matand Kanyand , Wu Ning 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Major depression affects the central nervous system and thereafter the autonomic nervous system, immune system, and endocrine system. Na+/K+ ATPase, as a major mediator of cellular transmembrane ionic gradients, plays an important role in nervous signal transduction. Three types of Na+/K+ ATPase α subunit isoforms (ATP1A1, ATP1A2, and ATP1A3) are found in brain but vary in the type of cell and level of expression. It has been confirmed that reduced expression of ATP1A2 and ATP1A3 are related to depressive disorder. However, there is no reported correlation between ATP1A1 and major depression. This study investigated the potential correlation between ATP1A1 gene expression level and major depression. The expression levels of ATP1A1 gene in the peripheral circulation of both depressive patients and healthy human controls were quantified by using reverse transcripted quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analysis showed a significant decrease of ATP1A1 expression level in major depression patients when compared to that of healthy controls (P<0.01). The differences of gene nucleotide sequences and protein structures among ATP1A1, ATP1A2, and ATP1A3 were also illustrated. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that ATP1A1 gene expression level is significantly associated with major depression and suggests that ATP1A1 could be a significant molecular marker for diagnosis.
Local weather differently affects collared flycatcher reproduction at different altitudes
Authors: Slobodník Roman , Balážová Mária , Jandzik David , Baláž Michal 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Temperature and precipitation are amongst the most important characteristics of local climatic conditions affecting the breeding biology of birds. Many bird species experiencing higher temperatures lay their eggs earlier and/or have bigger clutches. Higher precipitation can lead to a decrease in food availability and/or an increase of the costs of thermoregulation, which consequently may result in lower breeding success. In this paper we present differences in the breeding biology of two collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis) populations experiencing different temperatures and precipitation conditions associated with the different altitudes of their localities. We found differences in clutch size and nest success, as well as small differences in dates of egg laying. The population breeding at a higher altitude, and thus harsher conditions, was characterized by smaller clutches and lower nest success. In addition, this population was significantly affected by local weather, and showed correlation between both the beginning of egg laying and the local temperature, as well as between nest success and precipitation. Conversely, the population inhabiting the lower elevation locality with milder conditions showed no relationships with temperature or precipitation. These results suggest that severe conditions, such as high altitude, enhance the effect of local climatic conditions on collared flycatcher breeding ecology.
Gill tissue recovery after copper exposure in Carassius gibelio (Pisces: Cyprinidae)
Authors: Velcheva Iliana , Georgieva Elenka , Atanassova Pepa 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
We investigated the influence of copper in a long-time treatment with concentrations of 0.05 mg L−1 and 0.1 mg L−1 to track the histopathological changes in gills of Carassius gibelio, and to find at what extent they will recover after the effect of the copper concentrations stops. Treatment with copper lasted 21 days and the recovery time was of the same duration. The results of histological examination showed degenerative changes (resulting in thinner secondary lamellae and filamentary epithelium), and hyperplastic and hypertrophic changes (proliferation, vasodilatation, aneurysms, epithelial interstitial edema, and fusion) in gills under the influence of two concentrations. The degenerative changes have higher prevalence at low concentrations, while hyperplastic and hypertrophic ones — at high concentrations. After the period of recovery they remained the same, but the extent of expression on the surface of gill filaments changed. The long-time copper intoxication in low concentrations of copper affects gill structure, causing severe changes whose recovery is a slow process that requires a longer period of time.
Short term exposure of Lemna minor and Lemna gibba to mercury, cadmium and chromium
Authors: Varga Martina , Horvatić Janja , Čelić Ante 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The effects of mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) in concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 20 mg L−1 applied for 24 h were assessed in Lemna minor and Lemna gibba by measuring changes in protein concentration, ascorbic acid, phenolics, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), the activity of guaiacol peroxidase (G-POX) and catalase (CAT). Ascorbic acid, phenolics, catalase and guaiacol peroxidase played a key role in the antioxidative response of L. gibba. Inadequate activity of antioxidant enzymes in the L. minor resulted in MDA and H2O2 accumulation. In both used species, Hg treatment decreased protein content and increased CAT and G-POX activity, but decreased MDA and H2O2 levels. Cadmium and chromium had opposite impacts on two used Lemna species on almost all observed parameters. Enhanced antioxidative responses of L. gibba to lower concentrations of Hg, Cd and Cr indicated greater abiotic stress tolerance than L. minor.
Design and synthesis of novel thiopheno-4-thiazolidinylindoles as potent antioxidant and antimicrobial agents
Authors: Biradar Jaiprakash , Rajesab Parveen , Sasidhar B. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractA novel and convenient synthesis of thiopheno-4-thiazolidinyl indole analogues is presented (IVa-IVi), with the aim of obtaining biologically active compounds. 3,5-disubstituted indol-2-carboxyhydrazides (Ia-If) were allowed to react with 3-acetyl-2,5-dichlorothiophene (II) to yield the corresponding 3,5-disubstituted indol-2-carbohydrazides (IIIa-IIIf). The pre-formed indolecarbohydrazides (IIIa-IIIf) were allowed to react with 2-mercaptoacetic acid or 2-mercaptopropanoic acid to produce thiopheno-4-thiazolidinylindoles (IVa-IVi). This reaction protocol affords a simple, eco-friendly, non-hazardous, easier preparation and high yields. The antioxidant (free radical scavenging, total antioxidant capacity and ferric-reducing antioxidant power) and antimicrobial activities of the synthesised compounds were evaluated. The structures and purity of the products were confirmed by their IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectral and analytical data. Most of the compounds tested showed very significant scavenging, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Compounds containing electron donor group (CH3) at the fifth position of indole exhibit an excellent ferric-reducing activity. The present study suggests that compounds IIIa-IIIb, IIIf, IVa-IVc, IVf-IVi, may serve as promising lead scaffolds for antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.
Assessment of waxy and non-waxy corn and wheat cultivars as starch substrates for ethanol fermentation
Authors: Gago František , Horváthová Viera , Ondáš Vladimír , Šturdík Ernest 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe amylose/amylopectin ratio in cereal substrates is one of the parameters affecting starch hydrolysis and fermentation process. Waxy (less than 1 mass % of amylose) starch seems to be suitable for improving the fuel ethanol production. The main aim of this paper was to characterize the fermentation performance of corn and wheat waxy and non-waxy cultivars in terms of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) as well as of the separated hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) type. Two corn (waxy and non-waxy) and two wheat (waxy and non-waxy) cultivars were used for the comparison applying separate enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. In the SHF process, the glucose content was higher after saccharification in the waxy corn and wheat compared to that in non-waxy corn and wheat. In the SSF of waxy varieties, the glucose content after the pre-saccharification was also higher than in the non-waxy ones. Although the starch content did not vary significantly, differences in the glucose content after saccharification were observed. The ethanol yield obtained after the distillation of mash varied from 229.2–262.3 L per ton for the SHF fermentation, while it was in the range of 311.5–347.9 L per ton for the SSF process.
Inhibition of copper corrosion in acidic sulphate media by eco-friendly amino acid compound
Authors: Simonović Ana , Petrović Marija , Radovanović Milan , Milić Snežana , Antonijević Milan 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThis investigation aimed to study a “green” non-toxic biodegradable copper corrosion inhibitor in an acidic sodium sulphate solution. The methods used in the investigation of cysteine as a copper corrosion inhibitor in an acidic sodium sulphate solution were: potentiodynamic measurements, open circuit potential measurements, and chronoamperometric measurements. Optical microscopy was used in addition to electrochemical methods. Potentiodynamic measurements show that cysteine has good inhibitory properties in an acidic medium. Polarisation curves indicate that the presence of cysteine in a sulphate solution decreases the current density and that using various cysteine concentrations results in the formation of a protective film on the surface of the electrode due to the formation of the Cu(I)-cys complex. These results are confirmed by chronoamperometric measurements. Furthermore, it is clear from microphotographs that a protective film does form on copper electrode in the presence of cysteine. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm indicates that cysteine is chemisorbed on the surface of the electrode.
Impact of Healthy Life Style on the Patients of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Srivastav Lata Suman , Khare RS , Kumar Ashok 
Published: August 2013

RESEARCH QUESTION: Impact of healthy life style modification on the patients of diabetes and impaired group STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study design STUDY SETTING: Swarn Jayanti Park and adjacent sector 18 , Indira Nagar, Lucknow STUDY PERIOD: January to June 2010 RESULTS: The results of the analytical findings of the data shows that the fasting glucose reading decreases significantly as the outcome of medication, along with the adoption of healthy life style and the same conclusion is on the impaired group.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v1i2.8407 Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences Vol.1(2) 2013: 30-34
Velocity and pressure gradients of cerebrospinal fluid assessed with magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Matsumae Mitsunori , Hirayama Akihiro , Atsumi Hideki , Yatsushiro Satoshi , Kuroda Kagayaki 
Published: August 2013

ObjectNew approaches for understanding CSF motion in healthy individuals and patients with hydrocephalus and Chiari malformation are presented. The velocity and the pressure gradient of CSF motion were determined using phase contrast (PC) MRI.MethodsThe authors examined 11 healthy control subjects and 2 patients (1 with hydrocephalus and 1 with Chiari malformation), using 4-dimensional PC (4D-PC) MRI and a newly developed computer analysis method that includes calculation of the pressure gradient from the velocity field. Sagittal slices including the center of the skull and coronal slices of the foramen of Monro and the third ventricle were used.ResultsIn the ventricular system, mixing and swirling of the CSF was observed in the third ventricle. The velocity images showed that the CSF was pushed up and back down to the adjacent ventricle and then returned again to the third ventricle. The CSF traveled bidirectionally in the foramen of Monro and sylvian aqueduct. Around the choroid plexus in the lateral ventricle, the CSF motion was stagnant and the CSF pressure gradient was lower than at the other locations. An elevated pressure gradient was observed in the basal cistern of the subarachnoid space. Sagittal imaging showed that the more prominent pressure gradients originated around the cisterna magna and were transmitted in an upward direction. The coronal image showed a pressure gradient traveling from the central to the peripheral subarachnoid spaces that diminished markedly in the convexity of the cerebrum. The 2 patients, 1 with secondary hydrocephalus and 1 with Chiari malformation, were also examined.ConclusionsThe observed velocity and pressure gradient fields delineated the characteristics of the CSF motion and its similarities and differences among the healthy individuals and between them and the 2 patients. Although the present results did not provide general knowledge of CSF motion, the authors' method more comprehensively described the physiological properties of the CSF in the skull than conventional approaches that do not include measurements of pressure gradient fields.
Distant metastatic lesions in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Ahn B.-C. , Jeong S. Y. , Lee S.-W. , Lee J. , Hong C. M. 
Published: August 2013

Summary
Aim: Many investigators have reported an inverse relationship between iodine and glucose utilization of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) according to its degree of differentiation; however, not every DTC is compatible with this phenomenon. This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical implication of iodine and glucose uptake at distant metastatic lesions in DTC patients. Patients, methods: 64 DTC patients (women 47; mean age 49.9 ± 16.4 years) with distant metastasis who underwent post 131I treatment whole-body scan (RxWBS) and FDG PET/CT were included in the study. Radioiodine (RAI) and FDG uptake of metastatic lesions were evaluated. TSH stimulated serum thyroglobulin (s-Tg) were obtained. Results: 53 of 64 patients (82.8%) were RAI(+) group, and 37 patients (57.8%) were FDG(+) group. Patients in the RAI(–) group showed a higher rate of FDG uptake than RAI(+) group (100.0% vs. 49.1%, p = 0.002). Patients in the FDG(–) group showed a higher rate of RAI uptake than FDG(+) group (100.0% vs. 70.3%, p = 0.002). Patients with s-Tg < 100 ng/ml were frequently observed in the FDG(–)/RAI(+) group and the FDG(+)/ RAI(–) group (p = 0.023). And patients with s-Tg ≥ 500 ng/ml were more frequently observed in the FDG(+)/RAI(+) group, compared with the FDG(+)/RAI(–) group (p = 0.036). Reduced disease-specific survival (DSS) was observed in patients with RAI(–) (p = 0.003), FDG(+) (p = 0.006), SUVmax > 3.6 (p<0.001), and s-Tg > 75.8 ng/ml (p = 0.009). In multivariate analysis, only a SUVmax > 3.6 was significantly predictive of DSS (p = 0.006). Conclusion: An inverse relationship between RAI and FDG uptake, flip-flop phenomenon, was observed in patients with metastatic lesions of DTC. Reduced disease-specific survival was observed in patients with FDG(+), RAI(–) in metastatic lesions, or high s-Tg value.
L'intellectuel socialiste révolutionnaire Daniel Guérin en Allemagne avant et après la catastrophe
Authors: Saintin Alexandre 
Published: August 2013

Alors qu’il est déjà engagé politiquement mais qu’il — n’est pas encore l’auteur de l’anthologie Ni Dieu ni Maître , Daniel Guérin entame un premier voyage en Allemagne à l’été 1932, à la découverte des révolutions socialiste et nazie. Au terme d’un second périple, en juin 1933, la peste brune a laissé des traces chez ce jeune intellectuel socialiste : ce sont ses récits de voyage, la rencontre avec l’étranger et l’altérité politique que cet article propose de décrypter.
La langue-paysage de Sarah Berthiaume
Authors: Rigeade Anne-Laure 
Published: August 2013

Dans Yukonstyle, la dramaturge québécoise Sarah Berthiaume retravaille le matériau littéraire des récits du Grand Nord et la mythologie des chercheurs d’or non plus pour faire entendre l’épique traversée des espaces vierges de toute conquête, mais pour faire apparaître des modes de relations assimilables à un écosystème. Sarah Berthiaume a en effet choisi de centrer sa pièce sur les rapports d’interdépendance qui unissent les personnages, sur le dévoilement progressif de cette interdépendance profonde. Peu à peu apparaît un équilibre fragile qui est aussi esthétique : la pièce marche sur un fil entre plusieurs langues, entre plusieurs héritages, entre plusieurs identités, de sorte que le lecteur-spectateur fait l’expérience d’un décentrement constant. De paysage littéraire, le Yukon devient ainsi l’analogon identifiant le tissu textuel à l’équilibre naturel.
Texte et image dans la « théorie des noms » d’Ingeborg Bachmann. La leçon de Francfort Der Umgang mit Namen (1959-1960)
Authors: Hattenville Alice 
Published: August 2013

Les noms de l’art – titres d’œuvres d’art et noms d’artistes – sont au cœur de la théorie des noms qu’Ingeborg Bachmann expose dans la leçon de Francfort Der Umgang mit Namen (1959-1960) : les œuvres d’art et leurs auteurs sont intégrés à l’œuvre littéraire par les noms avec lesquels ils ont été « baptisés ». Ces noms, une fois intégrés au texte, sont les moteurs de la réminiscence, c’est-à-dire d’un processus de remémoration de ce qui a été oublié. Cet article se propose d’exposer cette théorie, ainsi que de la situer par rapport à ses présupposés historiques (l’expérience de la guerre), littéraires (Marcel Proust) et philosophiques (Walter Benjamin).
The shadow of the Falling Man as an end of (im)mediate trauma
Authors: Stegmaier Sanna 
Published: August 2013

Douze ans après le 11 septembre, il faut faire la distinction entre ce que l’on appelle « les romans du 11 septembre » (« 9/11 novels ») et « les romans post-11 septembre » (« Post-9/11 novels »). Basé sur les romans Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close (2005) de Jonathan Safran Foer et The Zero (2006) de Jess Walter, cet essai décrit le passage d’une reproduction compulsive à une intégration de l’événement traumatique au sein du roman américain du xxie siècle. En se référant à la théorie du traumatisme et à la crise essentielle des médias après le 11 septembre, la représentation (ou son absence) de Ground Zero comme un espace blanc dans la mémoire culturelle devient un facteur de différenciation pour les romans.
The Art of Watching. The literary Motif of the Window and its Potential for Metafiction in contemporary Literature
Authors: Zocco Gianna 
Published: August 2013

Depuis le romantisme, les écrivains utilisent fréquemment le motif de la fenêtre pour discuter des questions métafictionnelles. Alors que certains textes, comme Des Vetters Eckfenster (1822) d’ E.T.A. Hoffmann, décrivent le regard masculin sur la femme afin de construire le modèle d’un auteur supérieur et confiant, des romans contemporains, comme Die Wiederholung (1986) de Peter Handke ou The Enchantment of Lily Dahl (1996) de Siri Hustvedt, sont influencés par la déconstruction de la figure traditionnelle de l’auteur dans le contexte des théories du subjectivisme, du post-structuralisme et des études de genre. Néanmoins, ces textes font tous un large usage du motif de la fenêtre afin de traiter de questions métafictionnelles. Envisageant le motif de la fenêtre comme une “mise en reflet” dont le potentiel métafictionnel est lié à la ressemblance entre « l’art de regarder » et l’art d’écrire et de lire, cet article propose deux couples de paramètres, objectivité/subjectivité et mimesis/poiesis, pour classifier les différents scénarios métafictionnels liés au motif de la fenêtre dans la littérature contemporaine.