bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Major Morbidity and Death in Older Adults with Suicidal Intent: A Cross‐Sectional Analysis from the National Poison Data System, 2000–2009
Authors: Cobaugh Daniel J. , Miller Michael J. , Pham Timothy T. , Krenzelok Edward P. 
Published: March 2015

ObjectivesTo describe suicide‐related exposures in older persons according to sex, age, and substance category reported to U.S. poison control centers (PCCs) and report the crude relative risk (RR) of major effects and death from pharmaceuticals and nonpharmaceutical substances after single‐ and multiple‐substance exposures.DesignCross‐sectional analysis of American Association of Poison Control Centers National Poison Data System (NPDS) data.SettingCalls to U.S. PCCs.ParticipantsNPDS cases involving individuals aged 60 and older with an exposure to a pharmaceutical or nonpharmaceutical substance and suicide as the reason (n = 46,494).MeasurementsMajor effect and death probabilities for single‐ and multiple‐substance exposures to pharmaceuticals and nonpharmaceuticals were determined. In the NPDS, a major effect is defined as symptoms or signs that are life‐threatening or resulted in significant residual disability or disfigurement. Crude RRs of major effects or death were estimated for single and multiple pharmaceutical substances in comparison with nonpharmaceutical substances.ResultsSingle‐substance exposures occurred in 53.3% of cases. Overall, 92.3% involved pharmaceuticals and 64.4% involved women. In the total sample, 12.7% (5,895/46,494) of exposures resulted in major effect, and 1.9% (884/46,494) resulted in death. The crude RR of major effects in single‐substance pharmaceutical exposures was significantly lower than with nonpharmaceutical exposures (RR = 0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.49–0.59), as was death (RR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.20–0.30). For multiple‐substance exposures, the crude RR of major effects from pharmaceuticals was similar to that for nonpharmaceuticals (RR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.80–1.06), whereas the crude RR of death from pharmaceuticals was significantly lower (RR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.40–0.77).ConclusionThese findings can inform suicide prevention strategies that focus on decreasing at‐risk older adults' access to dangerous medications and chemicals in the home.
Molecular evolution and species‐specific expansion of the NAP members in plants
Authors: Fan Kai , Shen Hao , Bibi Noreen , Li Feng , Yuan Shuna , Wang Ming , Wang Xuede 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe NAP (NAC‐Like, Activated by AP3/PI) subfamily is one of the important plant‐specific transcription factors, and controls many vital biological processes in plants. In the current study, 197 NAP proteins were identified from 31 vascular plants, but no NAP members were found in eight non‐vascular plants. All NAP proteins were phylogenetically classified into two groups (NAP I and NAP II), and the origin time of the NAP I group might be relatively later than that of the NAP II group. Furthermore, species‐specific gene duplications, caused by segmental duplication events, resulted in the expansion of the NAP subfamily after species‐divergence. Different groups have different expansion rates, and the NAP group preference was found during the expansion in plants. Moreover, the expansion of NAP proteins may be related to the gain and loss of introns. Besides, functional divergence was limited after the gene duplication. Abscisic acid (ABA) might play an important role in leaf senescence, which is regulated by NAP subfamily. These results could lay an important foundation for expansion and evolutionary analysis of NAP subfamily in plants.
Patients' perceptions of their postoperative recovery for one month
Authors: Forsberg Angelica , Vikman Irene , Wälivaara Britt‐Marie , Engström Åsa 
Published: March 2015

Aims and objectivesTo explore orthopaedic and general surgery patients' perceptions of their postoperative recovery for one month.BackgroundIn general, nursing research in the postoperative context has been directed towards a single symptom or area, which is valuable. However, there is a lack of studies of orthopaedic and general surgery patients' perceptions of postoperative recovery from a short‐term perspective.DesignA quantitative approach with a longitudinal design was used.MethodsA total of 180 patients participated in the study. Data were collected using a standardised questionnaire, the Postoperative Recovery Profile, for self‐assessment of recovery. Descriptive statistics reported as proportions were used for the categorical variables. Analytic statistics were used to identify statistically significant differences. Mean values and t‐tests were used for quantity variables, and Mann–Whitney U‐tests and Chi‐squared tests were used for nonparametric variables.ResultsOverall, the orthopaedic patients were substantially less recovered than the general surgery patients. Two‐thirds of the orthopaedic patients and half of the general surgery patients perceived severe or moderate pain in the acute recovery phase. Within the general surgery group, there were significant differences in the recovery between the Gastric Bypass patients and colon/ileum surgery patients. The gastric bypass patients were overall more recovered than the other groups of patients. The Gastric Bypass patients reported that they had improved after one month compared to their own status prior to surgery.Conclusions and relevance to clinical practiceNursing support for orthopaedic patients must be improved, especially after they are discharged from the hospital. To structure and monitor individual recovery, a top‐five priority profile of the most important problems should be used during follow‐up calls after the patient is discharged from the hospital. Postoperative pain continues to represent a clinical problem that requires attention. Heterogeneity in the perceptions of recovery within the general surgery group was indicated, which may depend on the surgical procedure as well as the patients' expectations and comparisons with their lives before surgery. Rather than return to their preoperative levels, certain patients tend to continue towards a new or different life postoperatively.
Balancing hope with reality: how neonatal nurses manage the uncertainty of caring for extremely premature babies
Authors: Green Janet , Darbyshire Philip , Adams Anne , Jackson Debra 
Published: March 2015

Aims and objectivesThis article aims to explore the ways in which neonatal nurses manage the uncertainty associated with the treatment and outcomes of extremely premature babies.BackgroundCurrent literature suggests that survival rates of extremely premature babies have increased; however, the incidence of long‐term problems has not decreased among survivors. The outcomes can often not be predicted; therefore, there is much uncertainty associated with survival and outcomes. Neonatal nurses care for babies and families during these times of uncertainty. This article will focus on how neonatal nurses manage and survive the challenges associated with uncertainty when caring for extremely premature babies.DesignQualitative.MethodsThis article used a series of interviews in a qualitative study informed by phenomenological insights. The analysis of the interview data involved the discovery of thematic statements and the analysis of the emerging themes.ResultsThree themes captured the experience of working with uncertainty from the perspective of the neonatal nurses: ‘Everything is fine, then they crash’: When the honeymoon is over; ‘“I don't know which one is going to be fine”: it's like a lottery’ and ‘Balancing hope with reality’.ConclusionUncertainty had both positive and negative aspects, because while ever there was uncertainty, there was room for hope. While initial uncertainty of the baby's prognosis and outcome gave the nurses hope, certainty of diagnosis and poor outcome could take that hope away.Relevance to clinical practiceIncreasing survival of extremely premature babies will see neonatal nurses caring for more babies ≤24 weeks gestation. Prematurity has risks associated with life‐sustaining treatments. Uncertainty is a reality of life for these babies, their families and the nursing and medical teams who care for them. It is important to recognise the challenges associated with uncertainty.
Heterozygote deficits in cyst plant‐parasitic nematodes: possible causes and consequences
Authors: Montarry Josselin , Jan Pierre‐Loup , Gracianne Cecile , Overall Andrew D. J. , Bardou‐Valette Sylvie , Olivier Eric , Fournet Sylvain , Grenier Eric , Petit Eric J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractDeviations of genotypic frequencies from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) expectations could reveal important aspects of the biology of populations. Deviations from HWE due to heterozygote deficits have been recorded for three plant‐parasitic nematode species. However, it has never been determined whether the observed deficits were due (i) to the presence of null alleles, (ii) to a high level of consanguinity and/or (iii) to a Wahlund effect. The aim of the present work was, while taking into the possible confounding effect of null alleles, to disentangle consanguinity and Wahlund effect in natural populations of those three economically important cyst nematodes using microsatellite markers: Globodera pallida, G. tabacum and Heterodera schachtii, pests of potato, tobacco and sugar beet, respectively. The results show a consistent pattern of heterozygote deficiency in the three nematode species sampled at the spatial scale of the host plant. We demonstrate that the prevalence of null alleles is weak and that heterozygote deficits do not have a single origin. Our results suggested that it is restricted dispersal that leads to heterozygote deficits through both consanguinity and substructure, which effects can be linked to soil movement, cyst density, and the number of generations per year. We discuss potential implications for the durability of plant resistances that are used to protect crops against parasites in which mating between relatives occur. While consanguineous mating leads to homozygosity at all loci, including loci governing avirulence/virulence, which favours the expression of virulence when recessive, the Wahlund effect is expected to have no particular effect on the adaptation of nematodes to resistances.
YKL‐40 level in gingival crevicular fluid from patients with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kido J , Bando Y , Bando M , Kajiura Y , Hiroshima Y , Inagaki Y , Murata H , Ikuta T , Kido R , Naruishi K , Funaki M , Nagata T 
Published: March 2015

ObjectiveYKL‐40 is a chitin‐binding glycoprotein, the level of which increases in inflammatory diseases, diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular diseases, and tumors. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) contains many proteins and markers of periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to investigate YKL‐40 level in GCF from patients with periodontitis and DM and the association between YKL‐40 level and chronic periodontitis (CP) or DM.Subjects and MethodsThe subjects were 121 patients with DM, CP, DM and periodontitis (DM‐P), and healthy subjects (H). GCF was collected using paper strips after the sites for GCF collection were clinically evaluated for probing depth (PD), gingival index (GI), and bleeding on probing (BOP). YKL‐40 in GCF was identified by Western blotting, and its level was determined by ELISA.ResultsYKL‐40 was contained in GCF samples from H, DM, CP, and DM‐P sites, and its levels (amount and concentration) in CP and DM‐P were significantly higher than those in H and DM. GCF YKL‐40 level significantly correlated with PD and GI, and its level in BOP‐positive sites was significantly higher than that in BOP‐negative ones.ConclusionsGCF YKL‐40 level was elevated in periodontitis, but not DM. YKL‐40 in GCF may be an inflammatory marker for periodontitis.
Measuring Potential Output for the South African Economy: Embedding Information About the Financial Cycle
Authors: Kemp Johannes Hermanus 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBorio et al. show that information embedded in the financial cycle can serve to improve measures of potential output and output gaps. They show that incorporating information on the financial cycle yields measures of potential output and output gaps for the United States, United Kingdom and Spain that are estimated more precisely and are more robust in real time. With its well‐developed financial markets and relatively open capital markets, the South African economy is potentially susceptible to the build‐up of the sort of financial imbalances that characterised the recent financial crisis. Using the framework developed in Borio et al., a finance‐neutral measure of the output gap is estimated for South Africa. The traditional Hodrick–Prescott filter is extended to incorporate information on credit and property prices. Including financial cycle proxies result in output gaps that are estimated more precisely and are more robust to data revisions and the arrival of new data points (i.e. estimated output gaps are more robust in real time), while also reflecting the impact of financial variables on economic activity. As such, the estimated finance‐neutral output gap seems to represent a more appropriate measure on which to base monetary policy decisions.
Peptide‐induced HLA‐E expression in human PBMCs is dependent on peptide sequence and the HLA‐E genotype
Authors: Lauterbach N. , Wieten L. , Popeijus H. E. , Vanderlocht J. , van Zon P. M. H. , Voorter C. E. M. , Tilanus M. G. J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractHuman Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)‐E is a low‐polymorphic non‐classical HLA class I molecule which plays a crucial role in immune surveillance by presentation of peptides to T and natural killer (NK) cells. HLA‐E polymorphism is related to HLA‐E surface expression and is associated with patient outcome after stem cell transplantation. We aim to investigate the regulation of HLA‐E expression level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of healthy individuals homozygous for HLA‐E*01:01 or HLA‐E*01:03, by using a panel of HLA‐E binding peptides derived from CMV, Hsp60 and HLA class I. Basal and peptide‐induced HLA‐E surface expression levels were higher in PBMC from HLA‐E*01:03 homozygous subjects as compared to PBMC from HLA‐E*01:01 homozygous subjects. HLA‐E mRNA levels were comparable between the two genotypes and remained constant after peptide stimulation. HLA‐E surface expression seemed to be not only dependent on the HLA‐E genotype, but also on the sequence of the peptide as evidenced by the profound difference in HLA‐E upregulation with the Hsp60 and the B7 peptide. Our results showed that peptide‐induced HLA‐E expression is regulated at the posttranscriptional level as extracellular peptide stimulation did not influence RNA expression. This study provides new insights in the mechanism by which HLA‐E expression is regulated and underlines a new role for extracellular peptides in inducing HLA‐E translation, which may represent a defense mechanism against lytic viral infections and necrosis.
A cross-sectional assessment of the prevalence of multiple chronic conditions and medication use in a sample of community-dwelling adults with fibromyalgia in Olmsted County, Minnesota
Authors: Vincent Ann , Whipple Mary O , McAllister Samantha J , Aleman Katherine M , St Sauver Jennifer L 
Published: March 2015

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to evaluate the problem of multiple chronic conditions and polypharmacy in patients with fibromyalgia.DesignRetrospective medical record review.SettingOlmsted County, Minnesota.Participants1111 adults with fibromyalgia.Primary and secondary outcome measuresNumber and type of chronic medical and psychiatric conditions, medication use.ResultsMedical record review demonstrated that greater than 50% of the sample had seven or more chronic conditions. Chronic joint pain/degenerative arthritis was the most frequent comorbidity (88.7%), followed by depression (75.1%), migraines/chronic headaches (62.4%) and anxiety (56.5%). Approximately, 40% of patients were taking three or more medications for symptoms of fibromyalgia. Sleep aids were the most commonly prescribed medications in our sample (33.3%) followed by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (28.7%), opioids (22.4%) and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (21.0%).ConclusionsThe results of our study highlight the problem of multiple chronic conditions and high prevalence of polypharmacy in fibromyalgia. Clinicians who care for patients with fibromyalgia should take into consideration the presence of multiple chronic conditions when recommending medications.
Impact of an electronic consultant system on hypersensitivity reactions to iodinated radiocontrast media: an observational study
Authors: Yang Min-Suk , Choi Sang-Il , Song Woo-Jung , Kim Sae-Hoon , Kang Hye-Ryun , Park Heung-Woo , Cho Sang-Heon , Min Kyung-Up , Kim Jae-Hyoung , Chang Yoon-Seok 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Objective
To evaluate the impact of an electronic consultation support system on the incidence of hypersensitivity reactions to iodinated radiocontrast media (RCM).

Materials and methods
A retrospective observational study was conducted before and after the introduction of the consultation support system. The 1-year study period was divided into two 6-month periods: before and after 1 December 2012 (baseline and intervention periods, respectively), which was when our consultation support system was introduced. Data from examinations were collected retrospectively from the hospital information centre and problem reporting sheets in the radiology department. The primary outcome was the incidence of RCM reactions before and after the introduction of the consultation support system. Generalised estimating equations were used to account for the correlation between the same patients measured on multiple occasions.

Results
There were 317/20 179 (1.6%) and 186/19 873 (0.9%) hypersensitivity reactions during the baseline and intervention periods, respectively. The consultation support system significantly decreased the odds of the occurrence of a RCM reaction (OR=0.59, 95% CI 0.49 to 0.71, p&lt;0.001) compared with baseline. There was also a twofold increase in the premedication rate after initiation of the consultation support system (OR=2.05, 95% CI 1.16 to 3.65 p=0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between the periods (OR=0.97, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.65, p&lt;0.93).

Conclusions
The introduction of the consultation support system reduced the incidence of hypersensitivity reactions to RCM and increased the use of premedication in patients with known hypersensitivity to RCM.
Adipose-Derived Stems Cells and Their Role in Human Cancer Development, Growth, Progression, and Metastasis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Freese Kyle E. , Kokai Lauren , Edwards Robert P. , Philips Brian J. , Sheikh M. Aamir , Kelley Joseph , Comerci John , Marra Kacey G. , Rubin J. Peter , Linkov Faina 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Obesity is a well recognized risk factor for several types of cancers, many of which occur solely or disproportionately in women. Adipose tissue is a rich source of adipose-derived stem cells (ASC), which have received attention for their role in cancer behavior. The purpose of this systematic review is to present the existing literature on the role of ASCs in the growth, development, progression, and metastasis of cancer, with an emphasis on malignancies that primarily affect women. To accomplish this goal, the bibliographic database PubMed was systematically searched for articles published between 2001 and 2014 that address ASCs' relationship to human cancer. Thirty-seven articles on ASCs' role in human cancer were reviewed. Literature suggests that ASCs exhibit cancer-promoting properties, influence/are influenced by the tumor microenvironment, promote angiogenesis, and may be associated with pathogenic processes through a variety of mechanisms, such as playing a role in hypoxic tumor microenvironment. ASCs appear to be important contributors to tumor behavior, but research in areas specific to women's cancers, specifically endometrial cancer, is scarce. Also, because obesity continues to be a major health concern, it is important to continue research in this area to improve understanding of the impact adiposity has on cancer incidence. Cancer Res; 75(7); 1161–8. ©2015 AACR.
Chronic Administration of the Nitroxyl Donor 1-Nitrosocyclo Hexyl Acetate Limits Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in a Mouse Model of Diabetes Mellitus In Vivo
Authors: Cao Nga , Wong Yung George , Rosli Sarah , Kiriazis Helen , Huynh Karina , Qin Chengxue , Du Xiao-Jun , Kemp-Harper Barbara K. , Ritchie Rebecca H. 
Published: March 2015

Background—
Nitroxyl (HNO), a redox congener of nitric oxide (NO·), is a novel regulator of cardiovascular function, combining concomitant positive inotropic, lusitropic, and vasodilator properties. Moreover, HNO exhibits myocardial antihypertrophic and superoxide-suppressing actions. Despite these favorable actions, the impact of chronic HNO administration has yet to be reported in the context of cardiomyopathy. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterized by early diastolic dysfunction and adverse left ventricular (LV) structural remodeling, with LV superoxide generation playing a major causal role. We tested the hypothesis that the HNO donor 1-nitrosocyclohexylacetate (1-NCA) limits cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and LV diastolic dysfunction in a mouse model of diabetes mellitus in vivo.

Methods and Results—

Diabetes mellitus was induced in male FVB/N mice using streptozotocin. After 4 weeks, diabetic and nondiabetic mice were allocated to 1-NCA therapy (83 mg/kg per day IP) or vehicle and followed up for a further 4 weeks. Diabetes mellitus–induced LV diastolic dysfunction was evident on echocardiography-derived E and A wave velocities, E:A ratio, deceleration, and isovolumic relaxation times; LV systolic function was preserved. Increased LV cardiomyocyte size, hypertrophic and profibrotic gene expression, and upregulation of LV superoxide were also evident. These characteristics of diabetic cardiomyopathy were largely prevented by 1-NCA treatment. Selectivity of 1-NCA as an HNO donor was demonstrated by sensitivity of acute 1-NCA to
l
-cysteine but not to hydroxocobalamin in the normal rat heart ex vivo.

Conclusions—
Our studies provide the first evidence that HNO donors may represent a promising strategy for treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy and implies therapeutic efficacy in settings of chronic heart failure.