bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ritual Propriety and Political Intrigue in the Xuande Gate Incident
Authors: Yang Xiaoshan 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe 1073 incident at the Xuande Gate, involving Wang Anshi's alleged breach of imperial protocol, was a turning point both in his career and in emperor Shenzong's policies. By filling in the gaps and reconciling the discrepancies in various accounts of the incident, this essay demonstrates that, whereas on the surface the controversy centered on the ritual question of whether Wang should have dismounted before entering the gate, what was really at play was the particular political dynamics of the time. Direct instigation came from the ranks of senior eunuchs, among whom there was considerable aversion to Wang. Such aversion reflected the attitude of the conservative members of the imperial family. The incident also marked the beginning of Shenzong's shifting away from his exclusive reliance on Wang in formulating and implementing reform policies.
Kontinuität und Neuanfang bei Lukas Göttliches Handeln an der Zeitenwende
Authors: Blumenthal Christian 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Recent approaches towards Luke 1 have accentuated the theocentric perspective of this narrative, which also lead towards emphasizing a relationship of continuity between John and Jesus. This theocentric perspective, however, has only scarcely been described in terms of narratology. The following analysis describes what is told about God in Luke 1 and how it is told. By employing the narratological distinction between “story” and “discourse” it becomes evident that Luke’s way of writing about God’s action, reflects his attempt to achieve a balance between continuity and new beginning in his concept of history. Concerning the relationship between the figures of John and Jesus, it follows that they belong together in their common relationship with God, but at the same time a caesura is marked between them that highlights the role of Jesus.
Addressing Social Heterogeneity: Comparative Policy and Performance in Latin America
Authors: Muno Wolfgang 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Social heterogeneity has always been a critical problem in Latin American societies. The paper analyzes how Latin American democratic governments tackle social inequality and what effects these strategies have. Five countries are compared qualitatively-two countries with moderate left governments, following moderate strategies (Chile, Brazil) and two cases with radical left governments, following more radical strategies (Venezuela, Bolivia). In addition, Mexico is included as a control due to its conservative government. Different policy strategies are described and the effects of the policies are analyzed. Do radical efforts yield a better result regarding social equality? The results show a remarkable trend: the radical left seems to fare better than the moderate, the left better than the conservative.
Technology and Development in Latin America: Urgent Challenges for the 21st Century
Authors: Buono R. A.Dello 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Capitalist globalization has accelerated technological development but the result has been to intensify global inequalities and reproduce the structures of underdevelopment in entire world regions. In Latin America, the era of Keynesian developmentalism sought to overcome foreign domination that prevailed in modernization-style development regimes. Advances made in that era were halted and later reversed through the imposition of neoliberalism throughout the region. Neoliberal development increased developing country dependency upon foreign technologies and reproduces the structures of underdevelopment. Anti-neoliberal alternatives are possible even under conditions of severe economic crisis as illustrated by the Cuban socialist model. Other countries will likewise need to pursue more endogenously oriented technology policies if they are to overcome the crippling impact of the neoliberal period.
Machiavellian Democracy, John P. McCormick, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011
Authors: Del Lucchese Filippo 
Published: November 2012

AbstractMcCormick’s book engages with the theoretical and political positions discussed by the Italian philosopher Niccolò Machiavelli about five centuries ago, and, in particular, the creation of the tribunes of the plebs. In ancient Rome, plebeian power had been institutionalised through the creation of tribunes. According to McCormick, a similar institution would offer a legitimate forum for expression to the people in modern democracies. In fact, following Machiavelli’s suggestions, this would contribute to the implementation of a new form of democracy, more respectful of the people and more eager to defend values such as freedom and independence from the influence of the powerful and the rich. In this review, Filippo Del Lucchese comments on McCormick’s book from a Marxist point of view. One of the strongest points of the book is the discussion of the opposition between democracy and republicanism. Over the last decades, the latter has in fact been absorbed into the sphere of influence of the Cambridge School, and neutralised, or at least defused its most interesting and radical aspects. McCormick’s attempt to repoliticise the Machiavellian discourse is indeed praiseworthy, yet, by mainly focusing on the ‘institutionalisation’ of popular power, McCormick fails to discern the most radical elements of Machiavelli’s thought. From this angle, the review discusses McCormick’s use of the category of ‘class’ and offers a different perspective on the revolutionary dimension.
A Kūfan Jurist in Yemen: Contextualizing Muḥammad b. Sulaymān al-Kūfī’s Kitāb al-Muntaḫab
Authors: Haider Najam 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
This study explores the intellectual legacy of the Kūfan jurist Muḥammad b. Sulaymān al-Kūfī (d. early 4th/10th century) who eventually settled in Yemen and was part of the intellectual circle surrounding al-Hādī ilā l-Ḥaqq Yaḥyā b. al-Ḥusayn (d. 298/911). It offers an analysis of his most important work, Kitāb al-–Muntaḫab, through a singular ritual law case study that focuses on the use of the basmala in the daily prayer. The conclusion points towards the Muntaḫab’s value as a possible conduit for accessing a stream of Kūfan jurisprudence which has not survived into the modern period.
Zaydī revival in a hostile republic: Competing identities, loyalties and visions of state in Republican Yemen1
Authors: King James Robin 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
The phenomena of identity formation, religious interpretation and political state-building all intersect in post-imamate Yemen and the positions of Zaydīs therein. This paper investigates the identification and loyalty tensions facing Yemen’s Zaydī community, examining whether or not a recent revival in Zaydī identity, thought and practice has diminished Zaydīs’ loyalties to the Republic of Yemen, which emerged from a state-building project that aimed to reduce maḏhab allegiances and neutralize the influence of Zaydī religious elites. In Yemen today, practicing Zaydīs (particularly those from historically prominent sayyid families) are forced to navigate a “good Zaydī-bad Zaydī” typology that treats Zaydī subjectivities and activism as sectarian at best, subversive at worst. This paper explores the efforts of a group of Zaydī scholar-activists to broaden Zaydīs’ political, social and theological space to define their composite identifications and loyalties. In the context of the divisive Ḥūṯī conflict, as well as the nationwide pro-democracy protests against the regime of ʿAlī ʿAbd Allāh Ṣāliḥ, these Zaydī leaders are disentangling the regime and certain anti-Zaydī elements of dominant Republican ideology from the state. They assert their right to oppose the former, using both modern discourses and classical Zaydī concepts, within the confines of the latter.
Rites without Symbols
Authors: Bronkhorst Johannes 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn this article the argument is that there are rites, or parts of rites, that can be understood by all concerned without recourse to symbolical interpretation. This position is illustrated with the help of examples from different cultures and religions that impose a social hierarchy: typically there is one person or party that is superior, another one that is inferior. The initiator of such rites can be the superior or the inferior person/party. A discussion of these illustrations gives rise to further reflections, notably about the role of violence in ritual.
Zum zeitgenössischen theoretischen Kontext von Hermann Cohens Ästhetik
Authors: Nachtsheim Stephan 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe tendency to isolate aesthetics in the study of fine arts and in basic fine arts research as well as through the aesthetics of empathy goes back to post-Kantian philosophy. This way of thinking, as far as it was of particular interest to Cohen, dominated aesthetics and art theory during the time of the publication his Ästhetik des reinen Gefühls (1912). In the Marburg School itself, the systematic basis of aesthetics began to shift in 1912.
The Psychological Temperament of Anglican Clergy in Ordained Local Ministry (OLM): The Conserving, Serving Pastor?
Authors: Francis Leslie J. , Village Andrew 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThis study draws on psychological type theory as originally proposed by Jung (1971) and psychological temperament theory as proposed by Keirsey and Bates (1978) to explore the hypothesis that ordained local ministers (OLMs) within the Church of England reflect a psychological profile more in keeping with the profile of Church of England congregations than with the profile of established professional mobile clergy serving in the Church of England. Data provided by 135 individuals recently ordained as OLMs (79 women and 56 men) supported the hypothesis. Compared with established professional mobile clergy there is a higher proportion of the Epimethean Temperament (SJ) among OLMs. Oswald and Kroeger (1988) characterise SJ religious leaders as ‘the conserving, serving pastor’. The implications of these findings are discussed for the evolving ministry of the Church of England.
How Many Gods in Heaven? Young Children and Religious Plurality — Results of a Qualitative Study
Authors: Dubiski Katja , Maull Ibtissame , Schweitzer Friedrich 
Published: November 2012

AbstractMultireligious contexts are considered a routine challenge for growing children today, yet very little is known empirically about how children deal with religious differences. Studies by developmentalists like David Elkind, fifty years ago, have not been followed up and more recent research on young children and religion has tended to centre on other questions. The article that follows is based on a study of 140 children (mean age 4.9 years) interviewed in the context of kindergartens in Germany. After describing their research procedures, the authors present results regarding knowledge, experience, attitudes, and linguistic skills in the context of different religions. Throughout the article, special emphasis is laid on the issue of God, or different Gods, as perceived by the children. The authors conclude by suggesting a number of educational consequences.
Developments at the International Criminal Court
Authors: Solano McCausland Julieta , Carnero Rojo Enrique 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
This column covers the activity of the International Criminal Court during the last third of 2010 through mid-May 2011. The Court has continued investigating situations in five countries (the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Sudan, the Central African Republic and Kenya) and opened a new investigation following a referral by the United Nations Security Council (Libya). The judicial activity of the Court continued with four accused persons undergoing trial, two more waiting for their trial to start, and six more awaiting the confirmation of charges hearing. The Chambers of the Court continued to develop the rules applicable to pre-trial and trial proceedings. In the period covered by this column they confirmed the law on the admissibility of a case, ruled on the proceedings concerning the first challenge by a State to the admissibility of a case and on stay of proceedings, and brought consistency on the issue of victim participation across cases.
To What Extent Has Reverse Discrimination Been Reversed?
Authors: Oosterom-Staples Helen 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
This contribution will try to answer the question whether and to what extent the introduction of the genuine enjoyment-test by the CJEU in Ruiz Zambrano can put an end to cases of reverse discrimination. A broad reading of the so-called inter-State link in the CJEU’s earlier case law, has mitigated the effects of this restriction, but has not meant that reverse discrimination has disappeared. It is argued that the genuine enjoyment-test, which obliges Member States not to execute measures which affect the genuine enjoyment of citizenship rights, has the potential to put an end to reverse discrimination. To move the test on so that it protects all Union citizens, rather than being restricted to ‘special cases, who are confronted with a national measure affecting the genuine enjoyment of the substance of their citizenship rights’, the rights affected by the test need to be established and, subsequently, the substance of those rights needs to be outlined.
Les « marques d'envie » : métaphysique et embryologie chez Descartes
Authors: Gaudemard Lynda 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThis paper explores the interaction between medicine and metaphysics in modern natural philosophy and especially in Descartes' philosophy. I argue that Descartes' hypothetical account of birthmarks in connection with his embryology provides an argumentative proof of the metaphysical necessity of a substantial union between mind and body, which however does not threaten his doctrine of the real distinction between these two substances. It would appear that his argument relies on a temporal conception of alethic modalities and provides a new answer to Henricus Regius who in 1641 claimed that, for Descartes, the human being is an ens per accidens.
“To the Ends of the Earth”: Mission, Migration and the Impact of African-led Pentecostal Churches in the European Diaspora
Authors: Asamoah-Gyadu J. Kwabena 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe rise of immigrant churches and African-led churches in the Diaspora is one of the most important developments to occur in world mission at the end of the 20th century. Most of these churches are made up of Africans who felt left out in the historic churches of the West. A number of these are of Pentecostal/charismatic persuasion and have developed into some of the most dynamic religious communities in the countries where they exist. Additionally, a new type of African-led church has emerged in the diaspora in Europe. This article is a case study of two well-known African diaspora mega-churches in Europe, the Church of the Embassy of the Blessed Kingdom of God for all Nations based in Kyiv, Ukraine led by Sunday Adelaja, and the London-based Kingsway International Christian Center led by Matthew Ashimolowo. Using the conversion narratives of the born-again experience and the subsequent redemptive uplifts that people testify to have experienced through these churches, the article discusses the importance of these developments within the context of mission and migration in the diaspora.
Discovering the Presence of Christ in the World: A Response to Wolfgang Klausnitzer [2]
Authors: COLLINS PAUL M. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract<title> ABSTRACT </title>PaulCollins offers aresponsetoWolfgang Klausnitzer's paper for the sixtieth anniversaryofDietrich Bonhoeffer's death.Collins takesup his referencetoRahner'sappeal to 'Mystagogy' andreflectsonBonhoeffer'sownuseof the terminology andpracticeof ChristianInitiation inthe early Church,in hisappeal to the Arkandisziplin. These reflections are drawn together in the light of postmodern philosophy and the call to 'think otherwise'. In conclusion Bonheoffer's challenge to the theological status quo of his own day is applied to the contemporary situation.
MATHEMATICAL INSTRUMENTS AND THE THEORY OF THE CONCAVE SPHERICAL MIRROR: GALILEO'S OPTICS BEYOND ART AND SCIENCE
Authors: DUPRE SVEN 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle RIASSUNTO /title L'articolo, nel quale vengono presi in esame gli studi di ottica di Galileo precedenti all'utilizzazione del cannocchiale, cercher di dimostrare come l'anacronistica distinzione tra arte e scienza abbia oscurato il reale significato dell'ottica galileiana. L'attenzione concentrata in maniera particolare su di un documento poco conosciuto contenuto nel MS Gal. 83, Theorica speculi concavi sphaerici, che sempre risultato di difficile intepretazione, perch le sue relazioni con le reali tradizioni di ricerca in cui si mossa l'opera galileiana non sono mai state ben comprese.
PANOPTICON LAVOISIER: BASE DE DONNES ET HISTOIRE DOCUMENTAIRE DE LA RVOLUTION CHIMIQUE
Authors: BERETTA MARCO 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle RIASSUNTO /title Panopticon Lavoisier costituisce un progetto internazionale il cui scopo riunire in un'unica base dati la maggior parte delle collezioni lavoisieriane. Pinakes, il modello di base dati relazionale progettato a questo scopo, gi stato utilizzato nella catalogazione della collezione dei manoscritti di Antoine Laurent Lavoisier conservata alle Archives de l'Acadmie des Sciences a Parigi (catalogo pubblicato nel 1999). L'articolo illustra la natura e i ?CTRLerr type="1" mess="Doute Cars isoles avec recollage" ?contenuti di questo catalogo cos come le future applicazione di Pinakes ad altre collezioni lavoisieriane. Come suggerito nelle conclusioni attraverso alcuni esempi, l'applicazione di questo tipo di database relazionale alla storia della scienza e della tecnica apre nuovi orizzonti alla simultanea valorizzazione degli archivi e musei scientifici.
UNA PRIMA ILLUSTRAZIONE A STAMPA DEL TERMOMETRO
Authors: HELBING MARIO OTTO 
Published: November 2012

AbstracttitleSUMMARY /title Paolo Aresi (1574-1644) in his commentary on De generatione et corruptione published in Milan (1617) gives a remarkable first illustration of a thermometer; he also describes the instrument and how it works in the context of the question on rarefaction and condensation.
THE PAPERS OF THE INSTRUMENT DEALER, COLLECTOR AND RESEARCHER THOMAS HENRY COURT (1868-1951)
Authors: DE CLERCQ PETER 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle SUMMARY /title Thomas Henry Court (1868-1951) played an important role in the growth of the collection of scientific instruments in the Science Museum in South Kensington. This led to the formation of a file in the museum's official registry ('The Court file'). Of Court's own documentation and papers on instruments, the bulk was passed on to the microscope collector Harold Heywood, but some came into the museum's possession, probably together with his instruments. In 1979 and 1992, respectively, these two groups of documents were deposited in the Science Museum Library ('The Court archive'). This article discusses Court's activities and assesses the value of these documents as a source of information on the growth of interest in antique scientific instruments and their makers during the first half of the twentieth century.
SULLE RACCOLTE MUSEALI ITALIANE DI MODELLI PER LE MATEMATICHE SUPERIORI
Authors: PALLADINO FRANCO , PALLADINO NICLA 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle SUMMARY /title We present here the general catalogue and the website of the mathematical models found in the Italian universities of Catania, Messina, Bari, Naples, Rome, Florence, Bologna, Modena, Ferrara, Parma, Pavia, Milan, Padua, Turin and Genoa. For the most part they consist of old models published by the firms Ludwig Brill in Darmstadt, Martin Schilling in Halle an der Saale (later Leipzig), by H. Wiener for G. B. Teubner in Leipzig or belonging to the Collections Charles Muret published by Charles Delagrave in Paris. Other models were produced by different firms. A small number were even produced in Italy at the laboratories annexed to universities and, among these we also include the reproduction created in Florence by Luigi Campedelli in the 1950s with the support of the Unione Matematica Italiana. The research on the models (almost all of which are accompanied by the relevant images) can be carried out principally on the basis of the following criteria: Name of model - Catalogue - Material - Year of publication - Designer - Builder - Publisher - Location. The address of the mirrored web sites are: www.dmi.unisa.it/people/palladino/modelli and www.dma.unina. it/~nicla.palladino/catalogo.
ISTITUZIONI E FONTI
Authors: ARECCO DAVIDE 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle SUMMARY /title In the Republic of Genoa, between XVIIIth and XIXth century, the foundation of the University was accompanied by the diffusion of the Enlightenment culture and by the creation of the early scientific academies and literary circles. The most important Ligurian scientists who lived in those years were the Englishman William Batt, Cesare Nicolo Canefri and, most of all, Domenico Viviani, who had all deep interests in medecine and natural history, chemistry and physics. Their interests in collecting nature was always performed under aristocratic patronage.
SPECTROSCOPY OR SPECTROSCOPIES?
Authors: HENTSCHEL KLAUS 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle SUMMARY /title One of the most intriguing questions posed to the participants of the Munich workshop was: Were the techniques similar enough from one field to another so as to facilitate communication between different groups? Or did they conversely vary so much that one cannot speak of a single community of spectroscopists? This paper discusses why - in my opinion - spectroscopy never made the transition to a separate discipline. It remained instead an albeit well-known and broadly applied research technology (Terry Shinn) - or should we rather say, a bundle of research technologies? Correspondingly, spectroscopic visuality was differentiated into more than a dozen spectro-scopic domains.
DEFENSO DO TRATADO DA RUMAO DO GLOBO PARA A ARTE DE NAVEGAR
Authors: NUNES PEDRO 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle RIASSUNTO /title Il presente articolo racchiude la edizione di un antico manoscritto portoghese (Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Firenze), senza titolo, n data, noto come Defenso do Tratado da Rumao do Globo para a Arte de Navegar. Un tempo appartenuto a Cosimo III de' Medici, che a sua volta lo aveva ricevuto in dono dal cosmografo e engenheiro-mor portoghese Lus Serro Pimentel, esso racchiude uno scritto del matematico e cosmografo portoghese Pedro Nunes a difesa, e a seguito delle critiche rivoltegli, delle sue teorie sulle linhas de rumo e, nella fattispecie, di quella legata alla rappresentazione della curva lossodromica sulla sfera, dopo che il medesimo aveva provato come una nave che navigasse alla bussola secondo un angolo di prora costante descrivesse non gi un arco di circolo massimo, come allora si riteneva, quanto una curva intersecante tutti i meridiani sotto uno stesso angolo.
FALCONI, RENAISSANCE ASTROLOGER AND ASTRONOMICAL CLOCK AND INSTRUMENT MAKER
Authors: BEDIN SILVIO A. 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle RIASSUNTO /title L'occasionale presenza negli inventari di collezioni di strumenti scientifici antichi di occorrenze recanti la scritta opus Falconi ha destato poco interesse in passato tra i collezionisti e i?CTRLerr type="1" mess="Doute Cars isoles avec recollage" ? curatori a causa della scarsit di notizie su questo costruttore. Una ricerca condotta a tempo debito sull'identit di Falconi ha confermato che questo costruttore di orologi e di strumenti astronomici era originario delle valli del Bergamasco, in Lombardia, e che fu attivo intorno alle prime decadi del sec. XVI.