bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compound crisis communication and household preparedness: Examining the effects of evidence type and crisis message fatigue
Authors: Islam Khairul , Sopory Pradeep , Seeger Matthew W. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWhile existing crisis management research primarily approaches crisis communication from a single‐event perspective, this study provides initial evidence for communication about compound crises. To this purpose, we conducted a nationally representative survey experiment among U.S. residents (N = 670) to examine the effects of communication about compound crisis events on message fatigue and household preparedness. The study did not find support for the negative effects of communication about compound crises on message‐induced crisis fatigue and household preparedness intention. An additional analysis revealed that effects of the messages about compound crisis events are contingent upon the participants' level of past crisis experience, past crisis preparedness, accumulated fatigue from previous crises, and the type of evidence presented. Our findings revealed that individuals with higher past crisis experience exhibited higher crisis message fatigue and greater household preparedness intention. However, caution is warranted when interpreting these findings. The respondents' perceived distinction between compound and single crisis preparedness lacked conceptual clarity, possibly due to the ongoing influence of the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Nexus between mineral rents and environmental sustainability: The role of economic policy uncertainty
Authors: Zhang Dangli , Zhao Fuming , Hon‐Wei Leow , Nguyen Nhat Tan , Al‐Naimi Ahmad A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOne of the most contentious issues discussed in international forums is environmental deterioration, which is seen as a major global problem. Consequently, while a number of carbon emission (CO2) drivers have been covered in the literature so far, little is known about the moderating effect of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on the link between CO2 emissions and mineral rent (MINR). Therefore, for the BRICS nations, this document serves as a representation of the earlier effort to investigate the moderating effect of EPU on the link between mineral rents and environmental deterioration. The aim of this study is to investigate the interaction effect of MINR and EPU on CO2 for BRICS from 1990 to 2022. For this purpose, we use the panel autoregressive distributed lag model to ascertain the long‐ and short‐term effects of EPU and MINR on CO2. The long‐term findings imply that MINR increases 2. In contrast, the moderation effect of EPU aggravates the impact of MINR on emissions. This study makes policy recommendations for accomplishing sustainable development. The governments of these nations may solve the problem of environmental degradation by assuring political stability, adopting dependable macroeconomic policies, and creating policies that are so adaptable that they can be readily controlled or utilized to handle unforeseen environmental concerns in the future.
Effects of the covalent conjugation between caffeic acid and peanut allergen protein Ara h1 on the antigenicity and structure of Ara h1
Authors: Wang Na , Liu Qingqing , Shi Qilei , Wang Fan , Xu Chao , Ren Hongtao , Yu Qiuying 
Published: August 2024

Ara h1 was the highest content of peanut allergen protein, identified as a biomarker of peanut allergen. In this study, Ara h1 was covalently complexed with caffeic acid (CA) to research the effects of covalent conjugation on the antigenicity and protein structural properties of Ara h1. After the covalent complexing of Ara h1 and CA, the IgG‐binding capacity of Ara h1 was reduced compared with that of control Ara h1. Moreover, the structure of Ara h1 changed from ordered to disordered, the number of intermolecular hydrogen bonds decreased, and some hydrophobic groups were exposed or hydrophobic peptides were released. The carboxyl group in CA reacted with the amino group in Ara h1. The digestibility of Ara h1–CA was increased. The antigenicity of Ara h1–CA was undetectable after 30 min of digestion in vitro. These findings can serve as a reference for further research on hypoallergenic peanut products.
Innovative insights into the roasting‐driven transformation of volatile compounds and quality markers in flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) oil
Authors: Chen Zhanglian , Yang Jiawei , Fu Yuxin , Wan Yilai , Liu Wendi , Wang Ting , Fu Xizhe , Liu Wenyu , Wei Changqing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRoasting is essential for developing the characteristic aroma of flaxseed oil (FSO), yet its impact on oil quality remains underexplored. This study employed headspace‐gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry coupled with multivariate analysis to elucidate the dynamic changes in volatile compounds and quality characteristics of FSO subjected to varying roasting temperatures. Our findings revealed that seven key aroma compounds, identified through the variable importance in the projection scores of partial least square‐discrimination analysis models and relative aroma activity value, served as molecular markers indicative of distinct roasting temperatures. These compounds included 2,5‐dimethylpyrazine, 2‐pentylfuran, (E)‐2‐pentenal, 2‐ethyl‐3,6‐dimethylpyrazine, heptanal, octanal, and 2‐hexenal. Notably, roasting at 200°C was found to enhance oil stability and antioxidant capacity, with phenolic compounds and Maillard reaction products playing synergistic roles in bolstering these qualities. Network analysis further uncovered significant correlations between these key aroma compounds and quality characteristics, offering novel perspectives for assessing FSO quality under diverse roasting conditions. This research not only enriched our understanding of the roasting process's impact on FSO but also provided valuable guidance for the optimization of industrial roasting practices. This study would provide important practical applications in aroma regulation and process optimization of flaxseed oil.
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Trading off managerial and investor uncertainty in firm disclosure: Evidence from R&D investments and management guidance
Authors: Dube Svenja 
Published: August 2024

AbstractClassic disclosure theory suggests that investor uncertainty increases the probability of discretionary disclosure, while managerial uncertainty decreases this disclosure. Because R&D projects are inherently risky, R&D‐intensive firms face high managerial uncertainty as well as high investor uncertainty. This paper empirically examines how R&D intensity impacts the provision, horizon, and content of management earnings guidance. To address endogeneity concerns, state‐level R&D tax credits serve as an instrumental variable for R&D intensity. I find that high R&D firms do not provide less earnings guidance than low R&D firms. However, they issue more quarterly guidance but less annual guidance. This substitution strengthens when there is high managerial uncertainty about the success of R&D projects. Consistent with litigation risk leading to asymmetric disclosure incentives, the decrease in annual earnings guidance is concentrated in positive guidance. Overall, the results imply that firms modify the horizon and content of their earnings guidance by substituting long‐term positive guidance with short‐term guidance when managerial uncertainty discourages the issuance of the former.
Fluorescence imaging in reducing anastomotic leak after left‐sided colorectal resections: a systematic review and updated meta‐analysis
Authors: Kazi Mufaddal , Ajith Atul , Bhoyar Abhiram , Yelamanchi Raghav 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to pool randomized trials of patients undergoing left‐sided colorectal anastomosis, comparing the use of fluorescence perfusion imaging versus visual inspection in reducing anastomotic leaks.MethodsDatabases searched included PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, CINHAL (EBSCO), and Google Scholar based on the concepts: randomized, colorectal, anastomotic leak, and fluorescence imaging. The risk of bias was assessed using RoB2 and the certainty of the evidence with the GRADE Pro tool. The analysis used the log odds ratio for dichotomous data with 95% confidence intervals. Back‐transformation of the log odds to odds ratio was performed for the summary of findings. All syntheses used the Random‐effects model.ResultsSix randomized trials were included with 1949 patients and 204 events (leaks). Three trials included exclusively rectal cancer patients, while the other three involved benign and malignant pathologies of the sigmoid and rectum. The use of ostomy and preoperative radiation was variable. None of the studies had a high risk of bias. The pooled odds ratio for anastomotic leak reduction with Indocyanine Green (ICG) fluorescence was 0.586 (95% CI: 0.434–0.792). An absolute reduction of 4.7% in leak rates was observed, with no statistical heterogeneity (I2 = 0; p = 0.529). Due to clinical heterogeneity, the quality of evidence was rated moderate.ConclusionsThe use of ICG is associated with reduced leak rates following left‐sided colorectal anastomosis with moderate confidence. ICG may be considered a standard of care given the clinically significant benefit in decreasing anastomotic leaks.
A cost‐effective tool to standardize the scratch assay for cell migration
Authors: Bucchi Cristina , Baeza Josefa , Guarda Jaime , Bucchi Ana , Martínez‐Rodríguez Paulina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe scratch assay is commonly used in cell biology to evaluate cell migration; however, it is not a standardized method; it produces highly variable gap dimensions. We design a printable device, comprising a single wounding tool and a guide, and compared the gap produced by our device and the traditional method. The deviceis printable in a standard 3D printer. Cells were seeded on a 24‐well plate. After reaching full confluency, a gap was created using the traditional method (scratch assay with a pipette tip), a pipette tip and the guide of the device, or the single wounding tool and the guide. The gaps were observed for up to 48 h under a light microscope and analyzed.ResultsThe results show that the traditional method produces irregular and not straight gaps, and had the worst cell migration rates compared to the other groups. The wounding tool produced scrape signs at the well surface.ConclusionThe guide and pipette tip delivered the best results for the scratch assay.SignificanceThe use of the guide and the pipette tip for the scratch assay allows allows to perform reproducible cell migration experiments.
Dynamic self‐regulation and coregulation of respiratory sinus arrhythmia in mother–child and father–child interactions: Moderating effects of proximal and distal stressors
Authors: Li Longfeng , Lunkenheimer Erika 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study examined how proximal and distal familial stressors influenced the real‐time, dynamic individual and dyadic regulation of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) in mother–preschooler and father–preschooler interactions in at‐risk families (N = 94, Mage = 3.03 years, 47% males, 77% White, 20% Latinx, data collected 2013–2017). Proximal stressors were operationalized as changing task demands (baseline, challenge, recovery) across a dyadic puzzle task. Distal stressors were measured as parent‐reported stressful life events. Multilevel models revealed that greater proximal and distal stressors were related to weaker dynamic self‐regulation of RSA in mothers, fathers, and children, and more discordant mother–child and father–child coregulation of RSA. Findings affirm that stress is transmitted across levels and persons to compromise real‐time regulatory functioning in early, developmentally formative caregiver–child interactions.
The declining affordability of dental care in New Zealand from 1978 to 2023
Authors: Gage Ryan , Broadbent Jonathan , Leung William , Lee Martin , Sullivan Trudy 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn the early 2020s, nearly half of New Zealand adults reported that cost of treatment had prevented them from accessing dental care, with higher rates among Māori, Pasifika and individuals living in the most deprived areas. Unaffordable dental care may be explained by a rise in dental service fees over time relative to personal income, as documented in New Zealand between 1978 and 1993. However, there have been no contemporary estimates in New Zealand of how the affordability of dental care has changed. The aims of this study were to analyse the change in dental treatment fees and the personal income of New Zealanders from 1978 to 2023 and to explore differences in affordability of dental care by ethnicity.MethodsAverage fees for dental treatments were sourced from surveys completed by practising New Zealand dentists. Earnings (from 1978) and personal income data (full population from 2000 and by ethnicity from 2008) were sourced from Statistics NZ and NZ Official Yearbooks. Inflation‐adjusted changes in average fees, weekly personal earnings and income were calculated as a percentage change from 1978 levels for fees and earnings and from 2000 for personal income.ResultsFor the five dental treatments with data available from 1978 to 2023, fees increased in the range of 75%–236%, while earnings increased by 46% over the same period. Fees for other treatments (with data available from 1981 to 2009) similarly increased and mostly surpassed changes in earnings. From 2008 to 2023 the overall increase in personal income (about 21% across all ethnic groups) kept pace with the rising cost of most treatments. However, due to persistent income inequalities, in 2023, Māori and Pasifika would need to spend a higher proportion of their weekly income (approximately 16% and 23% respectively) to receive the same dental treatments as NZ Europeans.ConclusionsFees for dental treatments have risen markedly in recent decades, more sharply than the price of other goods and services.
‘It Isn't the Child Wearing Us Out, It's the System’: Navigating Support Systems When Struggling as Foster Parents in Norway
Authors: Solvi Anette S. , Råbu Marit , Røseth Idun 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTFoster parents encounter significant and diverse obstacles in receiving support when caring for children affected by relational trauma and mental illness. These issues extend to their interactions with welfare systems, mental health professionals and personal networks. This study is aimed at understanding foster parents' needs in navigating the support systems and finding a balance in their responsibilities. To address this, we conducted interviews with 22 foster parents caring for children receiving mental health treatment in a specialized outpatient clinic in Norway. We present the findings as a general meaning structure comprising four interconnected constituents: (1) the challenge of being an ‘employee’ and a parent, (2) encounters marked by inadequate information, (3) wanting a closer relationship with the child welfare services and (4) feeling a need for confidential conversations and support. This study underscores foster parents' struggle with systems that fail to provide adequate child information and holistic support, highlighting a pressing need for context‐aware and tailored systemic improvements.
A High‐Scalability Graph Modification System for Large‐Scale Networks
Authors: Xu Shaobin , Sun Minghui , Qin Jun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractModifying network results is the most intuitive way to inject domain knowledge into network detection algorithms to improve their performance. While advances in computation scalability have made detecting large‐scale networks possible, the human ability to modify such networks has not scaled accordingly, resulting in a huge ‘interaction gap’. Most existing works only support navigating and modifying edges one by one in a graph visualization, which causes a significant interaction burden when faced with large‐scale networks. In this work, we propose a novel graph pattern mining algorithm based on the minimum description length (MDL) principle to partition and summarize multi‐feature and isomorphic sub‐graph matches. The mined sub‐graph patterns can be utilized as mediums for modifying large‐scale networks. Combining two traditional approaches, we introduce a new coarse‐middle‐fine graph modification paradigm (i.e. query graph‐based modification sub‐graph pattern‐based modification raw edge‐based modification). We further present a graph modification system that supports the graph modification paradigm for improving the scalability of modifying detected large‐scale networks. We evaluate the performance of our graph pattern mining algorithm through an experimental study, demonstrate the usefulness of our system through a case study, and illustrate the efficiency of our graph modification paradigm through a user study.
Precision Antiplatelet Therapy after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (Precision PCI) Registry – Informing optimal antiplatelet strategies
Authors: Cavallari Larisa H. , Lee Craig R. , Franchi Francesco , Keeley Ellen C. , Rossi Joseph S. , Thomas Cameron D. , Gong Yan , McDonough Caitrin W. , Starostik Petr , Al Saeed Maryam J. , Been Latonya , Kulick Natasha , Malave Jean , Mulrenin Ian R. , Nguyen Anh B. , Terrell Joshua N. , Tillotson Grace , Beitelshees Amber L. , Winterstein Almut G. , Stouffer George A. , Angiolillo Dominick J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor (clopidogrel, prasugrel, or ticagrelor) is indicated after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to reduce the risk of atherothrombotic events. Approximately 30% of the US population has a CYP2C19 no‐function allele that reduces the effectiveness of clopidogrel, but not prasugrel or ticagrelor, after PCI. We have shown improved outcomes with the integration of CYP2C19 genotyping into clinical care to guide the selection of prasugrel or ticagrelor in CYP2C19 no‐function allele carriers. However, the influence of patient‐specific demographic, clinical, and other genetic factors on outcomes with genotype‐guided DAPT has not been defined. In addition, the impact of genotype‐guided de‐escalation from prasugrel or ticagrelor to clopidogrel in patients without a CYP2C19 no‐function allele has not been investigated in a diverse, real‐world clinical setting. The Precision Antiplatelet Therapy after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (Precision PCI) Registry is a multicenter US registry of patients who underwent PCI and clinical CYP2C19 testing. The registry is enrolling a diverse population, assessing atherothrombotic and bleeding events over 12 months, collecting DNA samples, and conducting platelet function testing in a subset of patients. The registry aims to define the influence of African ancestry and other patient‐specific factors on clinical outcomes with CYP2C19‐guided DAPT, evaluate the safety and effectiveness of CYP2C19‐guided DAPT de‐escalation following PCI in a real‐world setting, and identify additional genetic influences of clopidogrel response after PCI, with the ultimate goal of establishing optimal strategies for individualized antiplatelet therapy that improves outcomes in a diverse, real‐world population.
Causal relationship of inflammatory cytokines and serum metabolites in cerebral small vessel disease: a two‐step Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Zidong , Miao Lu , Zhang Tianyi , Thomas Aline M. , Li Shen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeThe aim was to investigate the causal relationships of inflammatory cytokines and serum metabolites in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD).MethodsBidirectional Mendelian randomization was first conducted to screen inflammatory cytokines and serum metabolites that were associated with imaging features of CSVD, including white matter hyperintensities, recent small subcortical infarcts, cortical cerebral microinfarcts, cerebral microbleeds, lacunes and enlarged perivascular spaces. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness and pleiotropy of these results. Subsequently, inflammatory cytokines and serum metabolites that were associated with CSVD were subjected to functional enrichment. Finally, mediation analysis was employed to investigate whether inflammatory cytokines or serum metabolites acted as an intermediary for the other in their causal relationship with CSVD.ResultsOf the inflammatory cytokines, five were risk factors (e.g., tumour‐necrosis‐factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand) and five (e.g., fibroblast growth factor 19) were protective factors for CSVD. Eleven serum metabolites that increased CSVD risk and 13 metabolites that decreased CSVD risk were also identified. The majority of these markers of CSVD susceptibility were lipid metabolites. Natural killer cell receptor sub‐type 2B4 was determined to act as a mediating factor of an unidentified metabolite for the enlargement of perivascular spaces.ConclusionSeveral inflammatory cytokines and serum metabolites had causal relationships with imaging features of CSVD. A natural killer cell receptor mediated in part the promotional effect of a metabolite on perivascular space enlargement.
Predictors of drug‐resistant epilepsy in childhood epilepsy syndromes: A subgroup analysis from a prospective cohort study
Authors: Ayoub Dana , Jaafar Fatima , Al‐Hajje Amal , Salameh Pascale , Jost Jeremy , Hmaimess Ghassan , Wazne Jaafar , Ismail‐Fawaz Zein , Sabbagh Sandra , Boumediene Farid , Beydoun Ahmad 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivePrevious studies assessing factors associated with drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE) were constrained by their amalgamation of all epilepsy syndromes in their analyses and the absence of uniform criteria for defining DRE. Our objective was to identify predictors of DRE among the four primary childhood epilepsy syndrome groups within a cohort of children with new onset seizures, using the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) definition of DRE and the recent classification of epilepsies.MethodsThis is a prospective study of 676 children with new onset seizures initiated on antiseizure medication. Patients were monitored for the occurrence of DRE according to the ILAE criteria and were categorized into one of four epilepsy groups: self‐limited focal epilepsies (SeLFEs), genetic generalized epilepsies (GGEs), developmental epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs), and focal epilepsies. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of DRE within each epilepsy group.ResultsOverall, 29.3% of children were classified as having DRE, with the highest incidence observed among children diagnosed with DEEs (77.7%), followed by focal epilepsies (31.5%). Across the entire cohort, predictors of DRE included the presence of an epileptogenic lesion, a higher pretreatment number of seizures, experiencing multiple seizure types, presence and severity of intellectual and developmental delay, myoclonus, and younger age at epilepsy onset. Within the GGEs, only a younger age at seizure onset and experiencing multiple seizure types predicted DRE. Among focal epilepsies, predictors of DRE included the presence of an epileptogenic lesion, experiencing multiple seizure types, and having a greater number of pretreatment seizures. Within the DEEs, predictors of DRE were the occurrence of tonic seizures. Predictors of DRE within SeLFEs could not be identified.SignificanceThis study indicates that different epilepsy syndromes are associated with distinct predictors of drug resistance. Anticipation of drug resistance within various groups is feasible using accessible clinical variables throughout the disease course.