bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Image-based Coral Reef Formation Detection and Change Assessment System
Authors: Francis Navea Roy , Franz Ofren Hernan , Joshua Ramos Robert , Angela Villanueva Alexa 
Published: July 2024

Coral reefs play an essential role in marine biodiversity as they provide protection and shelter for marine species. Coral reefs also take a major part in maintaining the amount of carbon dioxide and filtration of coastal waters. The destruction and decrease of coral reefs may lead to an imbalance in marine biodiversity. Hence, the coral reefs have to be protected through monitoring and surveillance.In this study, an image-based system that monitors coral reef formation detection and assess coral reef changes was implemented. Image Differencing and Post Classification Methods were used to perform detection and recognition of coral reef formation. Foreign objects such as coins, metal rod and stones were dropped to the experimental set-up. Significant changes in the coral reef environment as well as the significant changes in the formation of the coral reefs after the appearance of foreign objects were assessed. The average accuracy of the system relative to the foreign objects considered is 88.75%.Overall, the study proved that both algorithms are effective in underwater image processing of the coral reef formation. Statistically, there is no significant difference between the results of the two algorithms as used in this study in terms of recognition and detection.Â Â Â
Calcium phosphate nanoparticles prepared via solid-state route
Authors: N. Natasha A. , Ramesh S. , Y. Tan C. 
Published: July 2024

To date, the direction of bioceramic research is focused on the improvement of the mechanical performance and biological properties of existing bioactive ceramics particularly HA. Hence, the synthesis of crystalline HA nanoparticles with expected microstructure is of Â Â primary importance because the process directly relates to the phase purity, morphology, and particle size of the final HA particles. In this work, a simple and cost-effective technique, solid state reaction method was successfully employed to synthesize highly crystalline, high purity and single phase nanostructured hydroxyapatite powder using waste eggshells (HA-Es). The process involved mixing calcined eggshell powder and dicalcium hydrogen phosphate di-hydrate followed by a heat treatment at 800 Â°C for 5 hours. The resultant flower-like nanostructure HA powder is composed of leaf-like flakes having 100-200 nm width and crystallite size calculated using XRD data of ~56.21 nm.Â
Miscibility Study of Hexanoyl Chitosan/ Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Blends by Dilute Solution Viscometry and FTIR
Authors: H. Muhammad F. , H.Y. Subban R. , Winie Tan 
Published: July 2024

Miscibility behaviour of hexanoyl chitosan and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) blends in different ratios was measured using dilute solution viscometry (DSV) and FTIR spectroscopy. The difference between the experimental and theoretical values of intrinsic viscosity, âˆ†[Î·]m and the thermodynamic parameter, Î± were used to investigate the miscibility behaviour of the blends. FTIR studies suggested that there is no interaction between hexanoyl chitosan and PVC. Â The values of intrinsic viscosity, âˆ†[Î·]m > 0 and Î± < 0Â indicates repulsive interaction and immiscibility of polymer blend. FTIR results for hexanoyl chitosan showed no shift in frequency and no alteration in band shape as well as band inyensity with addition of PVC to the system. Both viscometric and FTIR results showed that hexanoyl chitosan and PVC are immiscible for all compositions under investigation.Â Â
Antioxidant activities of oligostilbenoids from the stem bark of Dipterocarpus verrucosus, Dipterocarpus crinitus and Dipterocarpus cornutus
Authors: Zuraida Wan Mohd Zain Wan , Ahmat Norizan , Puteh Osman Che 
Published: July 2024

Resveratrol, a stilbene-based polyphenol, is known to be substantially beneficial for human health because of its significant roles as antioxidant agents. Its oligomers received a considerable chemical and biological interest because of their structural complexity as well as their wide array of bioactivities role and function that includes as an antioxidative agent. Based on previous report, only 17 oligomers from Dipterocapaceae have been studied for their antioxidant and other activities. In an attempt to explore new antioxidant leads, the stem bark of Dipterocarpus from Dipterocarpaceae family were extracted and purified to give 14 oligostilbenes. The structures of the compounds were determined by comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data including UV, IR, MS and NMR after purification of individual compounds through a combination of chromatographic methods. The antioxidant activity was measured using four methods (Total Phenolic Content, DPPH, FTC and TBA). Fourteen compounds were screened for DPPH activity while only major compounds were screened using FTC and TBA methods in order to investigate the possible correlation between both mechanisms. The crude extracts showed high percent inhibition in TPC, FTC, TBA and DPPH methods.Â The TPC values for the crude extracts are within a range of 331.54 â€“ 482.31 mg/g GAE. In DPPH radical scavenging activity, the crudes displayed lower radical scavenging activity as compared to BHT and ascorbic acid. Nevertheless, D. verrucosus and D. cronutus demonstrated a significant free radical scavenging ability with IC50 values of 80 and 210 Âµg/ml, respectively. Both species also showed low absorbance values, which indicated a high level of antioxidant activity in FTC method. D. verrucosus, D. cornutus and D. crinitus extracts exhibited antioxidant potential in TBA method with percent inhibition of 88.64 %, 99.13 % and 95.02 %, respectively, as compared to vitamin E which has a percent inhibition of 83.23 % at a final concentration of 0.02% w/v. Evaluation on compounds indicated that resveratrol, diptoindonesin E, 4-methoxygallocatecatechin, ampelopsin A and scopoletin possessed IC50 values between 75-450 Âµg/mL in the DPPH assay. The results suggest that oligomer resveratrol from Dipterocarpus are potential sources of natural antioxidants.Â Â
Area Estimation of an Object Using Multiple Infrared Scanning Method for Non-vision Robotic System
Authors: M. Thamrin Norashikin , Arif Ashari Muhamad , . . 
Published: July 2024

This paper presents an obstacle detection based on multiple scanning of a non-stationary and discrete sensor for a non-vision robotic navigation system in an unknown environment. In Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM), complicated computation and expensive equipment are often used by many researchers to obtain an accurate and absolute result. Therefore, in this project, a low-cost and narrowband discrete sensor, namely, an infrared sensor is utilized to visualize the object as well as estimate its dimension and area for accuracy testing. This sensor is mounted on a rotary joint, which is formed by two servo motors, which are served as the vertical and horizontal axes movement during the scanning operation. Then, the scanned data is stored in a database and 2D graphical image of the scanned object based on these detection data are tabulated by using MATLAB 2D scatter plot toolbox. It is found that the multiple scanned data based on the infrared sensor is not suitable for size determination of an object instead it is suitable for object visualization.Â Â
Investigation of Annealing Temperature on Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films
Authors: Hashim Hashimah , Rafiq Roslan Muhammad , Mohd Yazid Ibrahim 
Published: July 2024

Vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin film is a material that has multiple functionalities and smart response that give good news for device engineers and material scientist. One of the applications of VO2 thin film is for smart windows that could help to reduce the impact of global warming from buildings and to reduce expenditure on equipment or other methods to cool buildings. Annealing temperature is one of the importance parameters in VO2 thin films fabrication. The optimum annealing temperature is required in order to produce good properties of thin films. In this research, the properties of VO2 thin films were examined. All samples were prepared by the sol-gel spin coating method. The thin films were annealed at different annealing temperatures of 475ËšC, 500ËšC, 525ËšC, 550ËšC and 575ËšC.Â The properties of thin film in term of structural, optical and electrical properties were investigated by using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis-NIR) spectrometer and Current-Voltage measurement respectively. FESEM was used to produce the images of the samplesâ€™ structure, the diameter of each nanoparticle and the thickness of samples. An I-V two-probe instrument was used to characterize the electrical properties of VO2 thin films with calculated resistivity and conductivity due to the differentiation of annealing temperature. An ultraviolet-visible spectrometer was used to characterize the optical properties of VO2 thin film; to show the absorbance and transmittance plots as well as calculated energy band gap. The results show that the thickness and the grain size of the thin films increase with annealing temperature. However, the increase in the absorbance and transmittance is inversely proportional to the annealing temperature.Â Â
An Effective Method for Mapping Web User Profile based on Domain Ontology
Authors: M Ratheeshkumar A. , Rajkumar M. , Balakrishnan S. , R Kalaiarasan T. 
Published: July 2024

Ontology is characterized as ideas, characteristics and relations that can be utilized to depict and speak to a territory of learning. The main aim of this paper is to create a personalized ontology for web information gathering using language processing techniques. Models use just learning from a worldwide or client's nearby data while speaking to the client profiles. Keeping in mind the end goal to make client's neighboring case archives for coordinating with the portrayal of a worldwide learning base and also to build up a combined ontology using strategies like ontology mapping technique, text categorization, jakard and cosine similarity methods are used to evaluate the efficiency.Â Â
Authorship Identification of Punjabi Poetry
Authors: Pandian A. , Wahid Stephen , Tokas Yash , V.Ramalingam V. 
Published: July 2024

The problem of identifying the author of an anonymous text is basically Authorship Identification. It is nothing but a single-label text-categorization task, from the ML point-of-view. An assumption is made that an unknown textâ€™s author can be differentiated by comparing a few lexical features extracted from theunknown text with the same of texts having known authors. In this paper, the process of Authorship Identification is executed on Punjabi poetry dataset consisting of Punjabi poems written by 5 different poets. Various features broadly categorised as statistical (word-count, char-count, etc.), syntactical (i.e. lexical) and semantically (language dependent) are first selected using the J48 Decision Tree Algorithm. The selected features are in turn, used as an input to multiple classifiers (like SVM, SMO, Bayes Net & Naive Bayes) and the proposed systemâ€™s validation is evaluated on the basis of Precision, Recall, F-score and Accuracy.Â Â
A Backward Difference Formulation for Solving Doffing-Van Der Pol Type Oscillators
Authors: FadlyNurullahRasedee Ahmad , Hasan Abdul Sathar Mohammad , Mohd Ijam Hazizah , Iskandar Othman Khairil , Ishak Norizarina , Raihana Hamzah Siti , Amalina Jamaludin Nur 
Published: July 2024

The study of chaotic motions in periodic self-excited oscillators are an area of interest in science and engineering. The current research proposes a numerical solution in backward difference form for solving these chaotic motions in periodic- self excited oscillators. The research conducted in this study focuses on chaotic motions in the form of Duffing-Van Der Pol Oscillators because of its various applications. A backward difference formulation in predictor-corrector (PeCe) mode is introduced for solving these Duffing-Van Der Pol directly. Numerical simulations provided will show the accuracy of the PeCe backward difference formulation compared against known viable methods. Results will also show that the PeCe backward formulation is a feasible alternative for solving Duffing-Van Der Pol oscillators.Â Â
Aedes Breeding Habitat Localization System
Authors: Sarlan Aliza , Muhammad Afiq SyedMuhammad Azhan Syed , Ahmad Rohiza , Fatimah Wan Ahmad Wan , Hussain Azham 
Published: July 2024

One of the main health issues Malaysia faced is dengue disease that is transmitted via Aedes mosquitos. The most prominence area of dengue cases in Malaysia is in urban area with construction site area reported the most. Till today, prevention and controlling methods are the only solution in combatting Aedes and dengue outbreak. The current aedes prevention approach via search and destroy involves manual searching of potential Aedes breeding habitat. The objective of this project is to develop an IoT based system called as the Aedes Breeding Habitat Localization System to locate watery areas, collect data and analyze data to improve understanding on potential Aedes breeding areas. The iterative and incremental prototyping approach has been used to develop prototype called ABLD. Also, an experiment for precision testing has been conducted to validate the system. Results found that time for data collection has been reduced tremendously and the collected data assist the health agencies improving data analytical process forecasting pattern and preventing future dengue outbreak.Â Â
Analysis of Iterated Affine Transformation Function and Linear Mapping for Content Preservation
Authors: Garg Ankit , Negi Ashish , Chauhan Geeta 
Published: July 2024

In image scaling contents of image can be distorted which are required to preserve using linear mapping. Geometric transformations can preserve structural properties i.e. parallelism, colinearity and orientation. It is highly desirable to preserve structural properties of image contents because human visual system is very sensitive to distortion of objects. In this paper image scaling is performed using iterative affine transformation and results show that linear mapping function applied on affine space preserve affine properties under affine transformation. A number of scaling operations are applied on image using iterative affine transformation and for each iteration linear mapping is performed to preserved object structure. Analysis present in this paper shows that in image scaling preservation of image content is possible under iterative affine transformation and linear mapping. Image artifacts can be minimize using saliency based antialiasing algorithm after affine transformation.Â Â
Neutralizing Perceptions of BPR Hard Part among Shipyard Employees
Authors: Ismail Azman , Hasni Osman Nor 
Published: July 2024

Deploying of BPR faces a lot of challenges either during pre-implementation, post-implementation,or both. Negative perceptions of BPR are one of the challenges normally happened during BPR deployment andit must be neutralized before it creates unnecessary resistance among employees. This research aims toneutralized BPR hard part such as radical change, clean slate process, and top down approach during revampingof project disbursement process in Shipyard. This study used qualitative method with interactive ActionResearch Cycle to neutralized BPR hard part using available BPR key critical success factors within Shipyardworking environment. The findings were based on interview conducted on twelve interviewees from Shipyardâ€™scross-functional department and stake holders related to project disbursement process. Negative perceptionduring pre-implementation was gradually reduced and become more positive after applying BPR key CSFâ€™sduring project implementation.Â Â
Performance Analysis and Low Power Design of Voltage Level-up Shifters
Authors: Srikanth B. , Nayak Rameswari , Singh Sangeeta , Harini V. 
Published: July 2024

Voltage level-up shifters are widely used in dual supply applications and it acts as an interface between main core and input-output units. Low power with efficient level-up shifter is designed by reducing the transistor count and the proposed level-up shifters are capable of converting from sub-threshold to above threshold level signal. The strength of pull-down networks and pull-up networks are enhanced by employing a couple of current mirror circuits. The simulation results of the proposed level shifter in 180nm technology yields a power dissipation of 95.79nw, propagation delay of 41.23ns for an input voltage of 0.4V and input frequency of 1MHz, low supply voltage VDDL=0.4V, high supply voltage VDDH=1.8V. Proposed 14T Level shifter in 90nm Technology demonstrates a power dissipation of 54.8nw, propagation delay of 28.8ns for an input voltage of 0.2V and input frequency of 1MHz, VDDL=0.2V, VDDH=1.2V.Â Â
Path Stability Prediction for Stable Routing using Markov Chain Model in MANETs
Authors: C Calarany , R Manoharan 
Published: July 2024

The mobility factor and the energy level of a node during data transmission in MANET are considered to be the most important challenges amongst several other issues like link stability, security and QoS factors in the designing of routing protocols. Forecasting the path stability, leads to an effective and reliable communication between the nodes in a highly dynamic scenario. Subsequently, in most of the work metrics namely hop count and energy are considered for stable path selection and mobility is handled in few works. Therefore, in this paper a prediction model with bi-objective optimization using Active Interactive Neighbour Rate (AINR) and Energy (E) have been considered for stable path selection. Markov models are widely used for depicting random behaviour in several processes related with time series. However, this model has not been utilized for predicting the stable path in a highly mobile network, taking into consideration the issues of mobility and energy. Hence, in this work a new Path Stability Prediction model, using Markov chain namely PSPM has been proposed, using two metrics namely AINR and E. The proposed model is incorporated in a multipath routing protocol, which identifies the optimal path in terms of minimum AINR and minimum energy consumption, which has been evaluated using NS 2.35. From the simulation, it has been found that the new protocol shows enhancement in results than the existing protocols namely AODV and AOMDV, in terms of various parameters such as Packet Delivery Ratio, Throughput, End-to-End Delay, Energy consumption and Routing Overhead.Â Â
Improving Oil Price forecasting using Regression-Relief-bases Indicators Selection Model
Authors: S. Al-Shamery Eman , Alâ€“Gashamy Hussein 
Published: July 2024

Crude oil holds a vital and growing role in the local and global economy. The main goal of this study is to explore the effect of technical indicators in enhancing the capability of Sequential Minimal Optimization (SMO) to forecast the precise oil price. In addition, Relief algorithm reduces the dimensional space and eliminates irrelevant factors. 10-fold Cross validation testing method is used to train two main series of crude oil price, Brentand West Texas Intermediate (WTI). Further, Mean Absolute Error Â and Root Mean Squared Error are considered as evaluation criteria. A comparison has been implemented on input features with and without TIs. The results show that using Technical Indicators satisfy better results of prediction. The Accuracy rate is raised with MAE ratio 14:1 for Brent and 15:1 for WTI, while RMSE improved with ratio17:1 for Brent and 20:1 for WTI. Finally, The experimental result proved that the optimized model was superior when compared with Linear regression, MLP regression, and Gaussian in terms of prediction errors.Â Â
Security Threats and Existing Solutions on Cloud Computing
Authors: Shahzad Faisal , Din Roshidi , Ghazali Osman 
Published: July 2024

Cloud computing as the greatest evolution of distributed computing, gets benefitted from the technology advancement due to its data versatility and economies of scale. Cloud computing aims to offer flexible services that can minimize the customer's need for investing in new hardware and software. However, the rapid extension of cloud computing raises some concerns regarding security and privacy of data that appears to be an inhibitor in the adoption of cloud services. It is, therefore, necessary to address these issues and their existing solutions. For this purpose, the present study is engrossed in the security threats to data that have been listed as the top threats in the previous years. Mainly, this study provides a review of top threats to cloud security and the solutions based on different models, frameworks, and algorithms to ensure data security in a cloud environment. The significance of this paper is twofold as it provides an overview of security threats as well as it explores the existing solutions to the problem in data security in cloud computing. The outcomes of this study presented that there is still a need for accurate mechanism or technique that can minimize the security threats faced in cloud computing.Â Â Â
Designing an Interactive Game to Encourage Cognitive Empathy as a Bullying Prevention Tool
Authors: Baharin Hanif , Sanim Mohd Fauzi Shukor , Ahmad Azlina , Mohmad Kamal Fazillah 
Published: July 2024

Bullying can have detrimental consequences to the victims, hence there is a need for bullying prevention programs at school. In this paper, we describe a gameplay model which may be usedto elicit cognitive empathy as a part of anti-bullying program among schoolchildren. We interviewed 79 schoolchildren from four schools in order to find out their understanding of bullying and their play behavior, and we observed their play behaviorduring recess. We found that most schoolchildren in our study instinctively know that bullying is wrong because it hurt others but attributethe consequences to self as imposed by authorities as the reason why hurting others is wrong. We argue that, this shows that they demonstrate affective empathy but would benefit from cognitive empathy training. From our findings we came out with design guidelines and produced a bullying morality conceptual model, which then informed our gameplay model. To validate the gameplay model, we designed and tested an indoor physical computing game prototype that encourages player to collectively exercise their cognitive empathy. The results from our game testing shows that the game mechanics proposed in our gameplay model do encourage players to exercise the empathy.Â Â
Automobile Driver Stress Detection By Wearable Glove System
Authors: D Hepsiba. , D.Vijay Anand L. , . . 
Published: July 2024

This paper focuses on predicting the driverâ€™s stress depending on the change in skin conductance. The Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) sensor is used for measuring the skin conductance. The electrical conductance varies with respect to the moisture of the skin produced by the sweat glands. The emotions of the driver such as normal state and stressed state are considered for monitoring. The electrical conductance of the skin helps to monitor the stress of the driver when driving the vehicle. Compared to other physiological signals such as ECG, EMG, EEG, EOG, Respiration Rate, this method is a simple and reliable method. Twenty subjects were exposed to the simulation driving environment under different scenarios such as Â normal roads, highways and heavy traffic roads. The readings obtained from this study helps in detecting the driverâ€™s stress level. Â Â