bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association of antihypertensives with postural blood pressure and falls among seniors residing in the community: a case–control study
Authors: Zia Anam , Kamaruzzaman Shahrul B. , Myint Phyo K. , Tan Maw P. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackgroundA drop in postural blood pressure (BP) may contribute to falls, while antihypertensives have been considered to induce postural drop or orthostatic hypotension (OH) and falls among older people. However, this relationship between antihypertensives, postural BP and the risk of falls has never been evaluated in a single study.ObjectiveTo examine the association of postural BP changes and BP therapy with the risk of falls among community‐dwelling older people in a case–control manner.MethodCases (n = 202) included participants aged ≥ 65 years with two falls or one injurious fall while controls (n = 156) included participants ≥ 65 years with no falls in the preceding 12 months. Antihypertensives usage and medical history were recorded. Supine BP measurements were obtained at 10 min rest and at 1, 2 and 3 min after standing. Orthostatic hypotension was defined as a reduction in BP of 20/10 mmHg within 3 min of standing.ResultsIndividual antihypertensive classes were not associated with falls. Minimal standing systolic BP (SBP) was significantly lower among fallers [128 (± 27·3) vs. 135·7 (± 24·7) mmHg; P = 0·01], but fallers were not more likely to fulfil the diagnostic criteria for OH. Diuretics were associated with OH and α‐blockers were associated with minimal standing SBP. Univariate analysis revealed that the use of ≥ 2 antihypertensives was associated with recurrent and injurious falls [OR,1.97;CI,1.2–3.1], which was no longer significant aftermultivariateadjustment for age and number of comorbidities [OR, 1.6; CI, 0.95–2.6].DiscussionMinimal standing SBP or a lower SBP at 2 or 3minutes standing was associated with falls rather than OH using consensus definition. Association between ≥ 2 antihypertensives and falls was attenuated by increasing age and comorbidities. Our findings challenge previous assumptions that OH or the use of antihypertensives is associated with falls. Future studies should now seek to link these findings prospectively with falls in order to guide decision‐making for BP lowering therapy among older patients.
Physicochemical and microbiological description of Caxiri – a cassava and corn alcoholic beverage
Authors: Miguel Maria Gabriela C. P. , Collela Carolina F. , de Almeida Euziclei G. , Dias Disney R. , Schwan Rosane F. 
Published: July 2015

SummaryCaxiri is a fermented alcoholic beverage made from cassava, corn and sweet potatoes by indigenous people in Brazil. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Lactobacillus fermentum, Bacillus subtilis and L. helveticus were the main microbial species detected. Maltose was the main carbohydrate found (19.12 g L−1), and lactic acid (15.09 g L−1) and ethanol (92.16 g L−1) were also found in high concentrations. Gas chromatography‐flame ionisation detector was used to identify thirteen volatile compounds. Among these volatiles, the higher concentrations were decanoic acid (123.04 μg L−1) for the acids, diethyl malate (88.32 μg L−1) for the esters, furfural (109.31 μg L−1) for the aldehydes, 2‐phenylethanol (1022.76 μg L−1) for the alcohols and 1,1‐diethoxyethane (226.24 μg L−1) for the others. This study contributes to increasing knowledge of the microbiota present in the alcoholic fermentation produced from cassava, corn and sweet potatoes.
Effect of Prosthodontic Rehabilitation of Maxillary Defects on Hypernasality of Speech
Authors: Tripathi Arvind , Gupta Ashutosh , Arora Varun 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPurposeTo establish a correlation between the effective internal diameter of the maxillary defect, the resonating frequency, and the effectiveness of the definitive obturator in reducing the percentage nasality.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐nine patients who underwent maxillectomy confined only to the hard palate (Aramany's class I and class II defect) and were wearing a definitive obturator for at least 3 months were included. The percentage nasality and resonating frequency were calculated with the help of Praat software. The patients were asked to read out a “Rainbow” passage and also to phonate and articulate vowels. Both parameters were assessed with and without the obturator prosthesis.ResultsFollowing obturator use, a mean change of 1.07 ± 0.83 kHz was observed in the resonating frequency (p< 0.001). The percentage change in resonating frequency was found to be 27.48 ± 4.99% following obturator use (p< 0.001). The effective internal diameter of the maxillary defect was calculated with the help of a Vernier calliper. The correlation between absolute and percentage values of resonating frequency and nasality before and after obturator use was found to be negative.ConclusionThis study found that efficacy of the obturator prosthesis in reducing nasality was greater in smaller defects than in large defects.
pH and Erosive Potential of Commonly Used Oral Moisturizers
Authors: Delgado Alex J. , Olafsson Vilhelm G. , Donovan Terence E. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPurposeTo measure the pH values of commonly used oral moisturizers and to evaluate their erosive potential using a gravimetric analysis.Materials and MethodsA pH analysis was performed for seven commercially available oral moisturizers using a calibrated pH meter. The pH recording was repeated three times, from three different bottles each of the same product. The gravimetric analysis was performed by submerging human dentin blocks in 5 ml of each of the moisturizers for a total of 2 weeks, with gravimetric measurements made at baseline, 24 hours, 48 hours, 96 hours, 1 week, and 15 days. Tap water was used as positive control and citric acid as the negative control. The erosive potential was descriptively analyzed, and a Spearman correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between the erosive potential and the pH values.ResultsThe average pH values are as follows: Oasis, 6.3, Bioténe Moisturizing Mouth Spray, 6.1, CTx2 Spray, 9.1, Mouth Kote, 3.0, Thayer's, 6.3, Bioténe Oral Balance, 6.6, Rain, 7.1, tap water 6.99, and citric acid 1.33. The results (% of tooth structure lost) of the gravimetric analysis were as follows: Mouth Kote, 9.6%, Bioténe Moisturizing Mouth Spray, 4.6%, Oasis, 3.2%, Thayer's, 2.0%, Bioténe Oral Balance, 0.0%, Rain, 0.0%, CTx2 Spray, 0.0%, tap water 0.0%, and citric acid 18.8%. There was a significant negative correlation between the pH values and the erosive potential (rs = −0.73; P ≤ 0.0001).ConclusionsThere is large variation in the composition and pH values of commonly used oral moisturizers, and there is a strong correlation between pH values and erosive potential of commonly used oral moisturizers. Clinical Significance: Patients with dry mouth are at increased risk for erosion and root caries. Oral moisturizing agents are often prescribed for patients with hyposalivation to be used as needed for symptomatic relief. This study shows that there is large variation in the pH values and erosive potential of commonly used oral moisturizing agents.
A Technique to Facilitate Tooth Modification for Removable Partial Denture Prosthesis Guide Planes
Authors: Haeberle C. Brent , Abreu Amara , Metzler Kurt 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe technique in this article was developed to provide a means to create prepared guide planes of proper dimension to ensure a more stable and retentive removable partial denture prosthesis (RPDP) framework when providing this service for a patient. Using commonly found clinical materials, a paralleling device can be fabricated from the modified diagnostic cast of the patient's dental arch requiring an RPDP. Polymethyl methacrylate or composite added to an altered thermoplastic form can be positioned intraorally and used as a guide to predictably adjust tooth structure for guide planes. Since it can potentially minimize the number of impressions and diagnostic casts made during the procedure, this can help achieve the desired result more efficiently and quickly for the patient.
Gene‐expression analysis of cementoblasts and osteoblasts
Authors: Matthews B. G. , Roguljic H. , Franceschetti T. , Roeder E. , Matic I. , Vidovic I. , Joshi P. , Kum K.‐Y. , Kalajzic I. 
Published: July 2015

Background and ObjectiveCementum and bone are similar mineralized tissues, but cementum accumulates much more slowly than bone, does not have vasculature or innervation and does not undergo remodeling. Despite these differences, there are no well‐established markers to distinguish cementoblasts from other mature mineralizing cells such as osteoblasts and odontoblasts. The purpose of this study was to assess differences in gene expression between cementoblasts and osteoblasts using gene profiling of cell populations isolated directly from osteocalcin–green fluorescent protein (OC‐GFP) transgenic mice.Material and MethodsOC‐GFP reporter mice were used as they show labeling of cementoblasts, osteoblasts and odontoblasts, but not of periodontal ligament fibroblasts, within the periodontium. We sorted cells digested from the molar root surface to isolate OC‐GFP+ cementoblasts. Osteoblasts were isolated from calvarial digests. Microarray analysis was performed, and selected results were confirmed by real‐time PCR and immunostaining or in situ hybridization.ResultsMicroarray analysis identified 95 genes that were expressed at least two‐fold higher in cementoblasts than in osteoblasts. Our analysis indicated that the Wnt signaling pathway was differentially regulated, as were genes related to skeletal development. Real‐time PCR confirmed that expression of the Wnt inhibitors Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (Wif1) and secreted frizzled‐related protein 1 (Sfrp1) was elevated in cementoblasts compared with osteoblasts, and Wif1 expression was localized to the apical root region. In addition, the transcription factor BARX homeobox 1 (Barx1) was expressed at higher levels in cementoblasts, and immunohistochemistry indicated that BARX1 was expressed in apical cementoblasts and cementocytes, but not in osteoblasts or odontoblasts.ConclusionThe OC‐GFP mouse provides a good model for selectively isolating cementoblasts, and allowed for identification of differentially expressed genes between cementoblasts and osteoblasts.
Change of Ultrasound Estimated Bladder Weight and Bladder Wall Thickness After Treatment of Bladder Outlet Obstruction With Dutasteride
Authors: LEE Ha Na , LEE Young‐Suk , HAN Deok Hyun , LEE Kyu‐Sung 
Published: July 2015

ObjectivesTo investigate the change of bladder wall hypertrophy to relieve bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) by treatment with 5α‐reductase inhibitor.MethodsMen who have BOO confirmed by urodynamic study (BOO index ≥40) were treated with dutasteride 0.5 mg once a day for 6 months. We measured ultrasound estimated bladder weight (UEBW), UEBW divided by body surface area (UEBW/BSA), and bladder wall thickness (BWT) before and after treatment. Changes in LUTS parameters were assessed by using the International Prostate Symptom Score, uroflowmetry, residual urine volume, prostate volume, serum prostate‐specific antigen (PSA), and LUTS outcome scores (LOS). Correlation between the change of LUTS parameters and UEBW, UEBW/BSA, and BWT were evaluated. We assessed the changes of bladder wall hypertrophy according to the results of benefit, satisfaction, and willingness to continue (BSW) questionnaire.ResultsThirty patients completed the 6‐month study. The mean UEBW was 47.10 ± 7.79 g before and 50.07 ± 5.39 g after dutasteride treatment (P = 0.259). The mean UEBW/BSA was 26.47 ± 4.30 g/m2 before and 28.2 ± 3.53 g/m2 after treatment (P = 0.253), and there was no definite change in mean BWT after treatment (P = 0.301). Most LUTS parameters including LOS significantly improved. Increased BOO index value was related to decreased BWT (ρ = 0.361, P = 0.049). There was no definite change in mean UEBW, UEBW/BSA, and BWT according to the results of the BSW questionnaire.ConclusionsThere was no change in UEBW, UEBW/BSA and BWT despite improving most clinical parameters suggesting BOO. The changes of bladder wall hypertrophy parameters still have limitations to directly reflect the relief of BOO.
Circulating Endothelial Cells Expressing the Angiogenic Transcription Factor Krüppel‐Like Factor 4 are Decreased in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Czepluch Frauke S. , Vogler Melanie , Kuschicke Hendrik , Meier Julia , Gogiraju Rajinikanth , Katschinski Dörthe M. , Riggert Joachim , Hasenfuss Gerd , Schäfer Katrin 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe zinc finger transcription factor KLF4 is known to control diverse EC functions.MethodsThe functional role of KLF4 for angiogenesis and its association with CAD was examined in HUVECs and human CECs.ResultsIn two different angiogenesis assays, siRNA‐mediated KLF4 downregulation impaired HUVEC sprouting and network formation. Conversely, KLF4 overexpression increased HUVEC sprouting and network formation. Similar findings were observed after incubation of HUVECs with CdM from KLF4 cDNA‐transfected cells, suggesting a role of paracrine factors for mediating angiogenic KLF4 effects. In this regard, VEGF expression was increased in KLF4‐overexpressing HUVECs, whereas its expression was reduced in HUVECs transfected with KLF4 siRNA. To examine the relevance of our in vitro findings for human endothelial dysfunction, we analyzed the expression of KLF4 in CECs of patients with stable CAD. Flow cytometry analyses revealed decreased numbers of KLF4‐positive CECs in peripheral blood from CAD patients compared to healthy controls.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that KLF4 may represent a potential biomarker for EC dysfunction. In the future, (therapeutic) modulation of KLF4 may be useful in regulating EC function during vascular disease processes.
Effects of Attachment Anxiety and Avoidance on Negotiation Propensity and Performance
Authors: Bear Julia B. , Segel‐Karpas Dikla 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAttachment theory has received scant consideration in the negotiation literature. We examined the effects of attachment anxiety and avoidance on negotiation propensity and performance in two studies. In terms of negotiation propensity (Study 1), attachment anxiety had significant, deleterious effects, though contrary to our predictions, attachment avoidance did not have significant effects. However, there was an interaction such that individuals high on attachment avoidance had a greater propensity to negotiate with an insecurely attached counterpart compared to a secure counterpart. In addition, attachment orientation influenced negotiation performance and information sharing (Study 2), but the effects depended upon role in the negotiation, with stronger effects for attachment avoidance as opposed to attachment anxiety. Theoretical and practical implications for research on negotiation and attachment theory are discussed.
From gene to harvest: insights into upstream process development for the GMP production of a monoclonal antibody in transgenic tobacco plants
Authors: Sack Markus , Rademacher Thomas , Spiegel Holger , Boes Alexander , Hellwig Stephan , Drossard Juergen , Stoger Eva , Fischer Rainer 
Published: July 2015

SummaryThe EU Sixth Framework Programme Integrated Project ‘Pharma‐Planta’ developed an approved manufacturing process for recombinant plant‐made pharmaceutical proteins (PMPs) using the human HIV‐neutralizing monoclonal antibody 2G12 as a case study. In contrast to the well‐established Chinese hamster ovary platform, which has been used for the production of therapeutic antibodies for nearly 30 years, only draft regulations were initially available covering the production of recombinant proteins in transgenic tobacco plants. Whereas recombinant proteins produced in animal cells are secreted into the culture medium during fermentation in bioreactors, intact plants grown under nonsterile conditions in a glasshouse environment provide various ‘plant‐specific’ regulatory and technical challenges for the development of a process suitable for the acquisition of a manufacturing licence for clinical phase I trials. During upstream process development, several generic steps were addressed (e.g. plant transformation and screening, seed bank generation, genetic stability, host plant uniformity) as well as product‐specific aspects (e.g. product quantity). This report summarizes the efforts undertaken to analyse and define the procedures for the GMP/GACP‐compliant upstream production of 2G12 in transgenic tobacco plants from gene to harvest, including the design of expression constructs, plant transformation, the generation of production lines, master and working seed banks and the detailed investigation of cultivation and harvesting parameters and their impact on biomass, product yield and intra/interbatch variability. The resulting procedures were successfully translated into a prototypic manufacturing process that has been approved by the German competent authority.
Recent progress in the treatment of infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Tomizawa Daisuke 
Published: July 2015

AbstractTreatment of infants with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), especially those with mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) rearrangement (MLL‐r), which account for approximately 80% of cases, is still a major challenge for pediatric hematologists and oncologists worldwide. Continuing efforts by collaborative clinical study groups in Europe, North America, and Japan have rescued approximately half of the MLL‐r ALL patients with intensive chemotherapy with or without allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Recent progress has clarified the unique mechanism of MLL‐r ALL: the aberrant methylation and histone modifications via DOT1L and other related molecules by MLL fusion proteins lead to leukemogenetic gene expression, thus to overt leukemia. In order to overcome this dismal subtype of ALL, novel targeted therapy based on leukemia biology is urgently needed. Due to the extreme rarity of the disease, collaboration between the study groups in Europe (Interfant), North America (Children's Oncology Group), and Japan (Japanese Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group) is under way.
Fever pattern and C‐reactive protein predict response to rescue therapy in Kawasaki disease
Authors: Nakagama Yu , Inuzuka Ryo , Hayashi Taiyu , Shindo Takahiro , Hirata Yoichiro , Shimizu Nobutaka , Inatomi Jun , Yokoyama Yoshiki , Namai Yoshiyuki , Oda Yoichiro , Takamizawa Masaru , Harita Yutaka , Oka Akira 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackgroundEvidence to guide rescue therapy in refractory Kawasaki disease (KD) is lacking. The aim of this study was to determine the most important variables in predicting non‐response to rescue therapy in refractory KD.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 171 patients diagnosed with refractory KD resistant to initial i.v. immunoglobulin (IVIG). Participants received rescue therapy consisting of IVIG monotherapy or IVIG plus prednisolone. Characteristics and laboratory variables were compared between rescue therapy non‐responders and responders. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent predictors of non‐response to rescue therapy.ResultsAmong the 171 participants, 54 (31.6%) were non‐responders to rescue therapy. On univariate analysis, fever pattern after initial IVIG, day of illness at rescue therapy, rescue therapy regimen and six laboratory variables (pre‐IVIG sodium, C‐reactive protein [CRP]; post‐IVIG white blood cell count, platelet count, sodium, CRP) were useful in discriminating between non‐responders and responders. These nine variables were included in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Persistent fever after initial IVIG (aOR, 2.39; 95%CI: 1.07–5.37) and post‐IVIG CRP (aOR, 1.09; 95%CI: 1.02–1.17, per 1 mg/dL increase) were identified as independent predictors of non‐response to rescue therapy. IVIG rescue monotherapy (aOR, 3.05; 95%CI: 1.05–8.84) also predicted non‐response after adjusting for fever pattern and post‐IVIG CRP.ConclusionsPersistent fever and elevated CRP after initial IVIG are predictive of non‐response to rescue therapy for refractory KD. For patients at high risk of non‐response, IVIG plus prednisolone, or even further intensified rescue therapy regimens may be preferable.
Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias with connective tissue diseases features: A review
Authors: Cottin Vincent 
Published: July 2015

AbstractA systematic approach is recommended to search for clinical and biological features of connective tissue disease (CTD) in any patient with interstitial lung disease (ILD). In the diagnostic approach to ILD, a diagnosis of CTD should be considered particularly in women and subjects younger than 50 years, and in those with an imaging and/or pathological pattern of non‐specific interstitial pneumonia. However, the diagnosis of CTD may be difficult when ILD is the presenting or the dominant manifestation of CTD. A proportion of patients with ILD present symptoms that belong to the spectrum of CTD and/or biological autoimmune features, but do not fulfil diagnostic criteria for a given CTD. Some imaging and histopathological patterns may also suggest the presence of an underlying CTD. Although studies published to date used heterogeneous definitions and terminology for this condition, evidence is accumulating that even limited CTD features are relevant regarding symptoms, imaging features, pathological pattern and possibly evolution to overt CTD, whereas the impact on prognosis needs confirmation. Conversely, autoantibodies alone do not seem to impact the prognosis or management in patients with otherwise typical idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and no extra‐pulmonary manifestation. A collective international multidisciplinary effort has proposed a uniform definition and criteria for ‘interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features’, a condition characterized by limited CTD features occurring in the setting of ILD, with the aim of fostering future clinical studies. Referral of ILD patients suspect to have CTD to a rheumatologist and possibly multidisciplinary discussion may contribute to a better management.