bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survey on pattern of myopia in school children in Hangzhou after the COVID-19 pandemic: a school-based vision screening study
Authors: He Ting , Yin Lei , Zheng Qingqing , He Bei , Xu Zhizi , Hu Tingting , Wu Yuanpeng , Chen Hu , Yu Jie , Shen Ting 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Myopia is a major health issue around the world. Myopia in children has increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic in China, but reports are scarce on the prevalence of myopia following the pandemic. This study collected vision screening data of school children in China for five consecutive years to observe the changes in myopia after the pandemic and compare the observed prevalence of myopia before and after the pandemic.

Methods
A school-based vision screening study used stratified samplings to collect the vision screening data in school children aged 6–13 from 45 primary schools in Hangzhou. Vision screening data including uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA) and spherical equivalent refraction(SER). Calculating the mean of SER and the prevalence of myopia and hyperopia from 2019 to 2023.

Results
A total of 79,068 screening results (158,136 eyes) were included in the analysis. A substantial myopic shift (approximately -0.30 diopters [D] on average) was found in 2020 and 2021 compared with 2019 in all age groups and a substantial myopic shift (approximately 0.4 D on average) was found in 2022 compared with 2021. A slight myopic shift (approximately -0.14 D on average) was found in 2023 compared with 2022. The prevalence of myopia in all age groups was the highest for five years in 2020 or 2021, which was 31.3% for 6-year-olds, 43.0% for 7-year-olds, and 53.7% for 8-year-olds. A positive change in the prevalence rate of myopia was found at 6 years old (0.59%, 0.12%, 0.36%, 0.25%, p < 0.001). The change in prevalence rate in myopia was shifted slightly in children aged 10–13 years. Children aged 8 to 13 years had a slight increase in myopia prevalence from 2022 to 2023. The prevalence of hyperopia was low and stable in all grade groups, ranging from 0.7% to 2.2% over five years.

Conclusion
Myopia in children has increased rapidly during the COVID-19 pandemic. After the pandemic, the prevalence of myopia in children gradually decreased temporarily and then rebounded. Myopic shift was more apparent in younger children. Myopic shift in children may be related to the reduction of outdoor time, less light, and near work habits, and further research is needed.
Effect of the Sauvé–Kapandji method on the wrist contact surface for distal radial ulnar joint disorders
Authors: Suzuki Tomoaki , Momma Daisuke , Inoue Nozomu , Kondo Eiji , Matsui Yuichiro , Iwasaki Norimasa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The Sauvé–Kapandji (S-K) method is a surgical procedure performed for chronic deformities of the distal radial ulnar joint (DRUJ). Changes to the joint contact surface from pre- to postoperatively under physiological in vivo conditions have not yet been determined for this useful treatment. The aim of the present study was therefore to compare the articular contact area of the wrist joint between before and after the S-K method for DRUJ disorders.

Methods
The SK method was performed for 15 patients with DRUJ osteoarthritis and ulnar impaction syndrome. We calculated the Mayo Wrist Score as the patient’s clinical findings and created 3-dimensional bone models of cases in which the S-K method was performed and calculated the contact area and shift in the center of the contact area using customized software.

Results
The Mean modified Mayo Wrist Score improved significantly from 60.3 preoperatively to 80.3 postoperatively (P < 0.01). Scaphoid contact area to the radius increased significantly from 112.6 ± 37.0 mm2 preoperatively to 127.5 ± 27.8 mm2 postoperatively (P = 0.03). Lunate contact area to radius-ulna was 121.3 ± 43.3 mm2 preoperatively and 112.5 ± 37.6 mm2 postoperatively, but this decrease was not significant (P = 0.38). Contact area ratio of scaphoid to lunate increased significantly from 1.01 ± 0.4 preoperatively to 1.20 ± 0.3 postoperatively (P = 0.02). Postoperative translations of the center of the scaphoid and lunate contact areas were decomposed into ulnar and proximal directions. Ulnar and proximal translation distances of the scaphoid contact area were 0.8 ± 1.7 mm and 0.4 ± 0.6 mm, respectively, and those of the lunate contact area were 1.1 ± 1.7 mm and 0.4 ± 1.1 mm, respectively. This study revealed changes in wrist contact area and center of the contact area before and after the S-K method.

Conclusion
These results may accurately indicate changes in wrist joint contact area from pre- to postoperatively using the S-K method for patients with DRUJ disorder. Evaluation of changes in contact area due to bone surface modeling of the wrist joint using 3DCT images may be useful in considering surgical methods.
Enhancing cancer therapy: the integration of oncolytic virus therapy with diverse treatments
Authors: Yan Zhuo , Zhang Zhengbo , Chen Yanan , Xu Jianghua , Wang Jilong , Wang Zhangquan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs one of the significant challenges to human health, cancer has long been a focal point in medical treatment. With ongoing advancements in the field of medicine, numerous methodologies for cancer therapy have emerged, among which oncolytic virus therapy has gained considerable attention. However, oncolytic viruses still exhibit limitations. Combining them with various therapies can further enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment, offering renewed hope for patients. In recent research, scientists have recognized the promising prospect of amalgamating oncolytic virus therapy with diverse treatments, potentially surmounting the restrictions of singular approaches. The central concept of this combined therapy revolves around leveraging oncolytic virus to incite localized tumor inflammation, augmenting the immune response for immunotherapeutic efficacy. Through this approach, the patient's immune system can better recognize and eliminate cancer cells, simultaneously reducing tumor evasion mechanisms against the immune system. This review delves deeply into the latest research progress concerning the integration of oncolytic virus with diverse treatments and its role in various types of cancer therapy. We aim to analyze the mechanisms, advantages, potential challenges, and future research directions of this combination therapy. By extensively exploring this field, we aim to instill renewed hope in the fight against cancer.
Combinatorial macrophage induced innate immunotherapy against Ewing sarcoma: Turning “Two Keys” simultaneously
Authors: Luo Wen , Hoang Hai , Miller Katherine E. , Zhu Hongwen , Xu Serena , Mo Xiaokui , Garfinkle Elizabeth A. R. , Costello Heather , Wijeratne Saranga , Chemnitz Wiebke , Gandhi Ronan , Liao Yanling , Ayello Janet , Gardenswartz Aliza , Rosenblum Jeremy M. , Cassady Kevin A. , Mardis Elaine R. , Lee Dean A. , Cripe Timothy P. , Cairo Mitchell S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Macrophages play important roles in phagocytosing tumor cells. However, tumors escape macrophage phagocytosis in part through the expression of anti-phagocytic signals, most commonly CD47. In Ewing sarcoma (ES), we found that tumor cells utilize dual mechanisms to evade macrophage clearance by simultaneously over-expressing CD47 and down-regulating cell surface calreticulin (csCRT), the pro-phagocytic signal. Here, we investigate the combination of a CD47 blockade (magrolimab, MAG) to inhibit the anti-phagocytic signal and a chemotherapy regimen (doxorubicin, DOX) to enhance the pro-phagocytic signal to induce macrophage phagocytosis of ES cells in vitro and inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in vivo.

Methods
Macrophages were derived from human peripheral blood monocytes by granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). Flow cytometry- and microscopy-based in-vitro phagocytosis assays were performed to evaluate macrophage phagocytosis of ES cells. Annexin-V assay was performed to evaluate apoptosis. CD47 was knocked out by CRISPR/Cas9 approach. ES cell-based and patient-derived-xenograft (PDX)-based mouse models were utilized to assess the effects of MAG and/or DOX on ES tumor development and animal survival. RNA-Seq combined with CIBERSORTx analysis was utilized to identify changes in tumor cell transcriptome and tumor infiltrating immune cell profiling in MAG and/or DOX treated xenograft tumors.

Results
We found that MAG significantly increased macrophage phagocytosis of ES cells in vitro (p < 0.01) and had significant effect on reducing tumor burden (p < 0.01) and increasing survival in NSG mouse model (p < 0.001). The csCRT level on ES cells was significantly enhanced by DOX in a dose- and time-dependent manner (p < 0.01). Importantly, DOX combined with MAG significantly enhanced macrophage phagocytosis of ES cells in vitro (p < 0.01) and significantly decreased tumor burden (p < 0.01) and lung metastasis (p < 0.0001) and extended animal survival in vivo in two different mouse models of ES (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, we identified CD38, CD209, CD163 and CD206 as potential markers for ES-phagocytic macrophages. Moreover, we found increased M2 macrophage infiltration and decreased expression of Cd209 in the tumor microenvironment of MAG and DOX combinatorial therapy treated tumors.

Conclusions
By turning “two keys” simultaneously to reactivate macrophage phagocytic activity, our data demonstrated an effective and highly translatable alternative therapeutic approach utilizing innate (tumor associated macrophages) immunotherapy against high-risk metastatic ES.
Increased adherence to influenza vaccination among Palermo family pediatricians: a study on safety and compliance of qLAIV vaccination
Authors: Costantino Claudio , Tramuto Fabio , Bonaccorso Nicole , Giudice Maria Carmela Lo , Balsamo Francesco , Carubia Alessandro , D’Azzo Luciano , Fruscione Santo , Sciortino Martina , Vitello Tania , Zagra Luigi , Pieri Alessia , Rizzari Rosaria , Serra Gregorio , Palermo Mario , Randazzo Maria Angela , Palmeri Sara , Asciutto Rosario , Corsello Giovanni , Graziano Giorgio , Maida Carmelo Massimo , Mazzucco Walter , Vitale Francesco 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Influenza represents a serious public health threat, especially for the management of severe cases and complications of the disease, requiring the implementation of control measures. We aimed to assess the acceptance and impact of qLAIV vaccination among a representative sample of family paediatricians (FPs) operating in Palermo Local Health Authority (LHA). To this end we evaluated vaccination coverage rates, comparing it with that observed in Sicilian context, while actively monitoring possible adverse reactions and their severity.

Methods
An observational descriptive non-controlled study was conducted in two phases, from September 2022 to June 2023. The first phase involved a formative and educational intervention with a pre-intervention questionnaire to assess the knowledge and attitudes of FPs on paediatric influenza vaccination. The second phase consisted of an active surveillance on qLAIV safety and acceptance among the paediatric population assisted by the participating FPs, from October 2022 to April 2023. Frequencies, chi-squared tests, and comparisons statistics were performed using Stata/MP 14.1.

Results
The overall coverage rate among the paediatric population involved in the intervention was 13.2%, with an I.M./qLAIV ratio of vaccine administered of 1/4.25. This coverage rate was significantly higher (p-value <0.001) when compared to the average values reported in the population under the Palermo Local Health Authority (LHA) (6.7%) and in the entire Sicily (5.9%). Adverse events in the qLAIV group were mild, with only 3.3% experiencing them, primarily presenting as a feverish rise (3.2%). No severe adverse reaction was reported.

Conclusions
The educational intervention significantly raised paediatric influenza vaccination rates among the participating FPs, and in general improved influenza vaccination coverage rates in the Palermo’s LHU. Minimal, non-serious adverse events underscored the vaccine’s safety. Training sessions ensured paediatricians stayed informed, enabling them to provide comprehensive information to parents for secure and informed vaccination decisions in their practices.
Boundedness of commutators of variable Marcinkiewicz fractional integral operator in grand variable Herz spaces
Authors: Sultan Babar , Sultan Mehvish , Khan Aziz , Abdeljawad Thabet 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLet $\mathbb{S}^{n-1}$

S

n
−
1

denote unit sphere in $\mathbb{R}^{n}$

R
n

equipped with the normalized Lebesgue measure. Let $\Phi \in L^{s}(\mathbb{S}^{n-1})$
Φ
∈

L
s

(

S

n
−
1

)
be a homogeneous function of degree zero such that $\int _{\mathbb{S}^{n-1}}\Phi (y^{\prime})d \sigma (y^{\prime})=0$

∫

S

n
−
1

Φ
(

y
′

)
d
σ
(

y
′

)
=
0
, where $y^{\prime}=y/|y|$

y
′

=
y
/
|
y
|
for any $y\neq 0$
y
≠
0
. The commutators of variable Marcinkiewicz fractional integral operator is defined as $$ [b,\mu _{\Phi}]^{m}_{\beta }(f)(x )= \left ( \int \limits _{0} ^{ \infty }\left |\int \limits _{|x -y | \leq s} \frac{\Phi (x -y )[b(x )-b(y )]^{m}}{|x -y |^{n-1-\beta (x )}}f(y )dy \right |^{2} \frac{ds}{s^{3}}\right )^{\frac{1}{2}}. $$

[
b
,

μ
Φ

]

β
m

(
f
)
(
x
)
=

(

∫
0
∞

|

∫

|
x
−
y
|
≤
s

Φ
(
x
−
y
)

[
b
(
x
)
−
b
(
y
)
]

m

|
x
−
y
|

n
−
1
−
β
(
x
)

f
(
y
)
d
y
|

2

d
s

s
3

)

1

2

.
In this paper, we obtain the boundedness of the commutators of the variable Marcinkiewicz fractional integral operator on grand variable Herz spaces ${\dot{K} ^{\alpha (\cdot ), q),\theta}_{ p(\cdot )}(\mathbb{R}^{n})}$

K
˙

p
(
⋅
)

α
(
⋅
)
,
q
)
,
θ

(

R
n

)
.
Novel analysis of nonlinear seventh-order fractional Kaup–Kupershmidt equation via the Caputo operator
Authors: Ganie Abdul Hamid , Mallik Saurav , AlBaidani Mashael M. , Khan Adnan , Shah Mohd Asif 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this work, we use two unique methodologies, the homotopy perturbation transform method and Yang transform decomposition method, to solve the fractional nonlinear seventh-order Kaup–Kupershmidt (KK) problem. The physical phenomena that arise in chemistry, physics, and engineering are mathematically explained in this equation, in particular, nonlinear optics, quantum mechanics, plasma physics, fluid dynamics, and so on. The provided methods are used to solve the fractional nonlinear seventh-order KK problem along with the Yang transform and fractional Caputo derivative. The results are significant and necessary for exploring a range of physical processes. This paper uses modern approaches and the fractional operator to develop satisfactory approximations to the offered problem. To solve the fractional KK equation, we first use the Yang transform and fractional Caputo derivative. He’s and Adomian polynomials are useful to manage nonlinear terms. It is shown that the suggested approximate solution converges to the exact one. In these approaches, the results are calculated as convergent series. The key advantage of the recommended approaches is that they provide highly precise results with little computational work. The suggested approach results are compared to the precise solution. By comparing the outcomes with the precise solution using graphs and tables we can verify the efficacy of the offered strategies. Also, the outcomes of the suggested methods at various fractional orders are examined, demonstrating that the findings get more accurate as the value moves from fractional order to integer order. Moreover, the offered methods are innovative, simple, and quite accurate, demonstrating that they are effective for resolving differential equations.
Systematic therapy for metastatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas: A single-center experience.
Authors: Sun Yuting , Tan Huijing , Chi Yihebali 
Published: July 2024

e16341 Background: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas is a rare tumor with low-grade malignancy. However, a small proportion of cases still exhibit more aggressive behavior and emerge as distant metastases. Limited data exist on systemic therapy for these entities. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on patients diagnosed with SPN of the pancreas who underwent medical treatment in our hospital between January 2020 and December 2023. The clinicopathological characteristics and therapeutic regimens of the patients were collected. The primary outcomes were disease control rate (DCR) and progression free survival (PFS). SPSS software V27.0 was used for data analysis. Results: Five patients were identified and 60.0% of patients were female . The median age was 34 years (range 16-53). All patients first underwent surgical resection. Four individuals had metachronous distant metastasis and one had synchronous distant metastasis. The most common metastatic site was peritoneum (3/5) and liver (3/5), followed by the distant lymph node (2/5). Progesterone receptor positive expression was found in four cases. Four patients received targeted therapy as first-line treatment (3 receiving anlotinib 12mg once daily on days 1-14 every 3 weeks and 1 receiving everolimus 10mg per day). All patients receiving targeted therapy had stable disease, with a DCR of 100%. The median PFS in the targeted therapy group was 8.1 months (95% CI, 6.7-9.5). Only one patient underwent first-line chemotherapy (gemcitabine plus S-1) and experienced disease progression at the initial efficacy evaluation. Data for second-line treatment was available for three patients. One patient got progressive disease (PD) after etoposide administration. Two individuals received everolimus 10mg daily, one of whom showed PD and the other achieved a partial response (PR). All treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were manageable. Conclusions: Metastatic SPN of the pancreas may be not chemosensitive. Targeted therapy, such as anlotinib and everolimus, appears to be a potential therapeutic option.
Effect of biocompatible snowman-like tumor-targeting dimer nanoparticles on delivery efficiency and anti-tumor therapy.
Authors: Ye Chanqi , Chen Ruyin , Li Qiong , Xu Shuaishuai , Ruan Jian 
Published: July 2024

e16347 Background: Chemotherapy is indispensable for the systematic treatment of aggressive malignancies, such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), while delivery vehicles are essential for improving delivery efficiency and enhancing anti-tumor therapy. Methods: We design and synthesize tumor-targeting PLA/shellac-FA dimer nanoparticles (NPs). Paclitaxel (PTX) and curcumin (CUR) are co-loaded in PLA/shellac-FA dimer NPs. In vitro, we apply CCK8 assay to investigate the cell uptake of different particle shape. In vivo, different shape of PLA/shellac-FA dimer NPs are injected to mice model with tumor to investigate their delivery performance and anti-tumor effect. Meanwhile, we apply the flow analysis to explore the effect of different shape of PLA/shellac-FA dimer NPs on tumor microenvironment (TME). Results: In vitro tests demonstrate cell uptake performance is optimized by tuning the particle shape to be snowman-like. In vivo tests confirm improved delivery efficiency and enhanced anti-tumor therapy of snowman-like PLA/shellac-FA dimer NPs. Besides, PTX + CUR-loaded snowman-like PLA/shellac-FA dimer NPs could effectively reduce the proportion of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in lymphocytes and reshape the M1/M2 polarization into an anti-tumor type. Meanwhile, the dimer NPs could enhance the infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), thus activating the immune response in the TME. Conclusions: The results suggest that snowman-like PLA/shellac-FA dimer NPs with a sharp shape can effectively improve the delivery efficiency and enhance the anti-tumor therapy, being a promising system for clinical applications.
Material, Psychological, and Behavioral Financial Hardship Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Cancer Survivors in the United States
Authors: Waters Austin R. , Wheeler Stephanie B. , Tan Kelly R. , Rosenstein Donald L. , Roberson Mya L. , Kirchhoff Anne C. , Kent Erin E. 
Published: July 2024

PURPOSE
Driven by anti-LGBTQ+ stigma, emerging literature suggests that lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) cancer survivors experience financial hardship (FH) more frequently than heterosexual survivors. However, few studies have used nationally representative samples to estimate this inequity.

METHODS
National Health Interview Survey data from 2019 to 2022 were pooled and weighted. Outcomes included material, psychological, and behavioral FH. The behavioral domain was further broken down into subdomains including medical care, prescription medications, and mental health care. Multivariable logit models controlling for a variety of factors were used to generate LGB and heterosexual predicted probabilities and differential effects for each FH outcome. Stratified estimates were generated by sex and age groups.

RESULTS

A total of N = 374 LGB and N = 12,757 heterosexual cancer survivors were included in this analysis. In adjusted analyses, LGB cancer survivors had significantly higher material (19%, 95% CI, 15 to 24
v
12%, 95% CI, 11 to 13;
P
= .004), psychological (44%, 95% CI, 38 to 51
v
37%, 95% CI, 36 to 38;
P
= .035), and behavioral (23%, 95% CI, 18 to 28
v
13%, 95% CI, 13 to 14;
P
< .0001) FH than heterosexual survivors. LGB cancer survivors also had higher medical behavioral (11%, 95% CI, 7 to 15
v
7%, 95% CI, 6 to 7;
P
= .030), prescription medication behavioral (14%, 95% CI, 10 to 19
v
10%, 95% CI, 9 to 10;
P
= .032), and mental health behavioral (9%, 95% CI, 6 to 13
v
3%, 95% CI, 3 to 4;
P
< .0001) FH than heterosexual survivors. Stratified estimates revealed young LGB cancer survivors had the highest probability of each outcome (material: 31%, 95% CI, 23 to 40; psychological: 58%, 95% CI, 50 to 66; behavioral: 45%, 95% CI, 36 to 53).

CONCLUSION
In this nationally representative analysis, LGB cancer survivors experience substantial inequities in all FH outcomes. It is crucial that future FH interventional work should prioritize populations at the highest risk of FH, such as LGB cancer survivors.
Enteropathogenic bacteria isolated in Sturnira hondurensis from central México
Authors: Segura-Trejo Daniela , Angel-Ruiz Norberto A. , Colunga-Salas Pablo 
Published: July 2024

Cerca del 45 % de las muertes humanas causadas por enfermedades infecciosas son causadas por enteropatógenos, entre ellos destacan los géneros Salmonella, Shigella y Escherichia. Este grupo de bacterias han sido poco estudiadas en murciélagos y sus ecosistemas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la presencia de enterobacterias en murciélagos asociados a un cuerpo de agua contaminado en Xalapa, México. Se colocaron 2 redes de niebla en el riachuelo Honduras, Xalapa, México. Los murciélagos se identificaron a nivel especie y de ellos se obtuvieron muestras de heces, las cuales se inocularon por triplicado en medio Salmonella-Shigella, se incubaron a 35 °C por 48 hr, adicionalmente se aisló, también por triplicado, una muestra de agua del riachuelo. Las especies bacterianas se identificaron mediante colorimetría. Se colectaron 4 individuos de Sturnira hondurensis. Dos individuos fueron positivos para Salmonella enterica, 2 positivos para Shigella flexneri y unidades formadoras de colonia (UFC) sospechosas a Escherichia coli se detectaron en 3 individuos. En 2 individuos se observó la coinfección de S. enterica - UFC sospechosas a E. coli. Todas estas especies se obtuvieron del cultivo del agua del riachuelo. Este estudio representa el primer reporte de aislamiento de S. enterica y S. flexneri en murciélagos mexicanos, específicamente en S. hondurensis. Finalmente, se resalta la importancia del buen manejo de aguas residuales, para evitar que cuerpos de agua sean potenciales fuente de infección para la fauna silvestre, así como la necesidad de estudios multidisciplinarios con el enfoque de “Una Salud”.