bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life Quilt South Australia—stitching the stories of life
Authors: Brotherton M 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundIn 2003 the Canadian Young Worker Memorial Quilt was completed and unveiled in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. One hundred Canadian families, representing each province of Canada and many workplace sectors, gave of themselves and worked with their grief to help create a unique piece of art to better demonstrate the magnitude of young workers who lost their lives on the job. With the Canadian Quilt as inspiration a group in South Australia set about developing their own quilt.Aims/Objectives/PurposeTo develop a quilt, videos and stories that not only commemorates those who have died, but also the enormous impact and emotional toll on the victim's families, friends and the community.MethodsFrom March 2011 to March 2012 workshops were held most Friday's at a donated work space. Those not based in the metropolitan area who wanted to be involved, were emailed instructions and posted materials.Results/OutcomeOver 70 people were involved in the development of the quilt. Three families recorded their stories on DVD and those three families along with three other families whose loved ones were killed in the same incident contributed to written stories.Significance/Contribution to the FieldFamilies were able to share their stories not only helping others in similar situations, but also to advocate for safety to prevent these tragedies from occurring again.
Occupational health and safety network in Thai medical schools: new paradigm of strengthening practice for health care workers
Authors: Ekpanyaskul C 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundOccupational health and safety network in Thai medical schools (OHNMS) deal with occupational injury prevention and occupational health and safety (OHS) promotion network for health care workers (HCWs). It is supported by Consortium of Thai medical schools.AimsTo develop the networking model for strengthening practice under limited resources.MethodsPhysicians, nurses and other people who are responsible for OHS in each medical school got together to set up the network. The vision of this OHNMS is ‘the leadership in OHS promotion in Thailand’. The network carries out under three strategies (1) OHS accreditation strategy, (2) health surveillance strategy and (3) build the competency and knowledge strategy.OutcomesIn 3 years, the activities and outputs of OHNMS were as follows: best practice for OHS service in medical schools, develop the environmental, health and safety surveillance system for HCWs, develop an OHS software programme and database to record HCWs' health, professional network of occupational physicians and occupational health nurses, recommend teaching OHS topics for medical student and research in OHS issues and publication.SignificanceThe advantages of OHNMS are to provide (1) effectiveness system for OHS service. (2) professional network and comprehensive knowledge management to society and (3) the channel to communicate in OHS promotion among medical schools. OHNMS is one model to develop and strengthen of OHS system. The network can easily move each organisation for OHS service. The activities of the network could be develop environmental of organisation change and save the cost rather than doing it individually.
Behaviour Based Safety reduces risk for NZ truck drivers
Authors: Everdon R , Leland LS , Alsop B 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundPrevious truck safety research has been conducted overseas, in environments unlike NZ. In hundreds of workplace applications, Behaviour Based Safety (BBS) has decreased hazardous behaviours; yet BBS is largely untested with lone workers (ie, truck drivers). Still, the US Transportation Research Board determined that BBS ‘had potential’ for use within the transport industry.Aims/Objectives/PurposeOur BBS programme is an applied psychological strategy that was designed for, and with the assistance of, NZ truck drivers. Our aim was to create a behavioural ‘shift’ to help reduce truck crashes, road fatalities, and injuries to truck drivers and other road users.MethodsWe used key BBS techniques—including employee input, safety checklists, and positive feedback. Five driver groups (n=75) provided a multiple baseline, time-series design. The drivers completed short, simple, safety self-reports periodically during their workweeks.Results/OutcomesDriver responses and alert ratings revealed decreased at-risk behaviours and improved ‘per safe’ scores. We found ownership (buy-in) and completion of programme varied between driver subgroups. Further planned investigation includes relationships between alert ratings/driver behaviours; fatigue levels/shift drivers; and group/individual differences.Significance/Contribution to the FieldAlmost everything is delivered by truck in NZ and so we need to reduce the risks inherent to driving. Our safety programme offers a low-cost, worker-friendly strategy that can help reduce truck crashes, injuries, and other associated harm; additionally, it can easily be adapted to suit other professions.
Suicide in Mozambique: evidence from 10 years mortuary data from forensic services at Maputo Central Hospital, Maputo city
Authors: Francisco Virgilio , Silveira Jacinta , Zacarias Antonio 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundStudies carried in Mozambique show that injuries are one of the 10 top leading causes of death in the country. Evidence shown that, suicide is increasing at the Forensic Services in Maputo Central Hospital in Maputo city.AimProvide baseline profile of suicide.Design/methodsThe study was cross-sectional of all non-natural death recorded from 2000–2009 at the Forensic Services in Maputo Central Hospital. This data was abstracted from hand written autopsy report, into 10 items on page, standardised form. The data collection was designed in order to evaluate the following variables: gender, race (assessed as African black, white, mongoloid and other), age (divided into 12 groups: 10–14; 15–19; 20–24;25–29;30–34;35–39;40–44; 45–49; 50–54; 55–59; 60–64; over 65-years-old), marital status (assessed as single; married/cohabitant; divorced/separated and widow), occupational status (assessed as blue-collar worker; low white-collar worker; inter/high white-collar worker and student/other), basic cause of death (assessed as hanging; fall; drowning; self-poisoning; firearm and other), place of the scene (assessed as at home, work place, public place, hospitals and without information). Data was analysed with bivariate analyses and significance level was set at ≤0.05.FindingsOver this period 12 732 autopsies have been done out of which 9% (n=893) were suicide. The important factors in ‘explaining’ suicide were at home, year 2008, being African black, male, single and blue collar-worker.
‘A long journey starts with a single step’—Waimakariri's journey into suicide prevention
Authors: Lodge Sarah 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundWaimakariri has a higher suicide rate than the social impact of the National average. Furthermore, social impact of the recent earthquakes has created the potential that these statistics could increase without appropriate intervention.AimTo develop a Needs Assessment and Action Plan that is relevant, workable, sustainable and, ultimately, effective in reducing the risk and incidences of suicide. The 558 suicides reported in New Zealand last year are ‘the tip of the iceberg’; with many suicides not reported as such. This issue is a reflection of the wellbeing of our communities. Waimakariri suicide statistics relate to a diverse range of demographics. With the greater proportion of suicides in the rural population, in youth and in middle-aged men; our picture is slightly different to that for the rest of New Zealand. It was important that we developed a plan that would address the wellbeing of these groups.MethodTo gather specific details of those who suicide is impossible. This information is closely protected by the Coronial court. This makes it difficult to know exactly where the problem lies. To gain a clearer picture, we took an evidence-based approach and found that victims had presented with two common contributors: a lack of resilience and insufficient protective factors in their lives. Our next step was to consider how these findings could be turned into appropriate interventions. Finally, we undertook to turn our learning into a robust local plan that aligned with the seven goals in the New Zealand Suicide Prevention Strategy.Results/OutcomeDeveloping this project has provided an excellent platform for discussing a traditionally taboo subject.
Alcohol expectancies, binge drinking and alcohol-related injuries in University students
Authors: Raquel Ines Peltzer , Mariana Cremonte , Clotilde Ubeda , Jorge Ungaro , Romina Brandariz , Karina Conde 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundOne the most studied psychosocial factors in alcohol drinking are the expectancies of alcohol effects (AE). They refer to the belief that a person holds on the cognitive, behavioural and physical effects of alcohol; they play an important role in the decision to drink. Binge drinking (BD) is characterised by the intake of high amounts of alcohol on a single occasion, and associated with injuries due to traffic and violence. BD is highly prevalent among university students; however in our country the relationship between AE, BD and injuries has not yet been studied.ObjectiveTo study the relationship between AE, binge drinking and injuries in university students.MethodA locally adapted version of the AEQ was used. The questionnaire assessed positive and negative expectancies. It also included questions on BD and alcohol-related injuries. A convenience sample (N=777) of university students was selected (UNMdP-Argentina). A logistic regression was performed with BD as the outcome variable and the dimensions of expectancies as predictors. Then, the OR for BD and alcohol-related injuries was estimated.ResultsPositive expectancies increased the probability of BD (OR 1.65 IC 1.5–1.9 p<0.001), while no association between BD and the rest of the dimensions for expectancies was found. BD increases by three the risk of an alcohol related-injury (OR 3.22 CI 2.12 to 4.88, x2 35.47 p<0.001).ConclusionStudents that hold positive expectancies have a higher probability of BD and of alcohol related-injuries. Understanding which beliefs may predict BD in university students provides information for the design of prevention measures.
Comparing fatal alcohol-related road traffic crashes in Botswana pre- and post-passage of a national alcohol levy
Authors: Sebego M , Voetsch K , Naumann R , Dellinger A 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundIn Botswana, road traffic crashes (RTCs) are a leading cause of death and disability, second only to HIV/AIDS in young adult males. Alcohol has been recognised as one of the principal risk factors for RTCs, particularly for fatal RTCs, globally.Aims/Objectives/PurposeTo examine the characteristics of fatal alcohol-related crashes (FARCs) in Botswana from 2006–2010 and to examine changes in rates pre- and post-levy.MethodsThis study analysed data from Botswana Police Accident Database from 2006 to 2010. Bivariate analyses examined associations between FARCs and other demographic and risk factors (eg, age, sex, injury severity, seat belt use). We calculated rates of FARCs per 10 000 registered vehicles and per 100 000 population and used z-tests to test for statistical significance.Results/OutcomeA large percentage of FARCs occurred on weekends (49%), among males (78%), and among 25–34 year-olds (35%). Pedestrians were identified as a high risk group (38%). Comparing changes pre- and post-levy, we found that there was a statistically significant change in FARCs per 10 000 registered vehicles (rate pre-levy=10.4; 95% CI 9.1 to 11.8 vs rate post-levy=8.3; 95% CI 7.3 to 9.3; p=0.01). However, rates per 100 000 population remained stable pre- and post-levy (rate pre-levy: 6.9; 95% CI 6.0 to 7.7 vs rate post-levy: 7.5; 95% CI 6.6 to 8.4; p=0.29).Significance/Contribution to the FieldThis study identified important characteristics of fatal alcohol-related crashes, which can be used to tailor prevention programmes in Botswana (eg, sobriety checkpoints), and provided an assessment of the impact of the national alcohol levy.
Relationship between alcohol mangement plans and injury reductions in a remote Australian community
Authors: Teresa Senserrick , Marilyn Lyford , Reece Hinchcliff , Soufiane Boufous , Kathleen Clapham , Sally Torr , Rebecca Ivers 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundAlcohol management plans have been introduced in several remote communities in Australia to address a high rate of alcohol-related harm.Aims/Objectives/PurposeTo evaluate the impact on injury of the alcohol management plan in Bourke NSW (population 2175; 33% Aboriginal) following introduction of takeaway alcohol restrictions in February 2009.MethodsCommunity and stakeholder interviews were conducted at 12 (n=29) and 24 months (n=19) post-restrictions. Hospital emergency presentations, admissions and police crime databases were analysed to compare injury at 12 months pre- and post-restrictions.Results/OutcomeContested views were provided; however, the majority of interviewees reported visible and tangible benefits, such as reduced public drunkeness and violence. Police reported a 22% decrease in assaults. Hospital presentations (N=714) showed no change in the proportion involving injury (6%) but a significant decline in the proportion of injury presentations involving alcohol (negative binomial regression p=0.016). Injury admissions were low (N=229), with few significant findings detected; however, head injuries decreased by 1.5 times.Significance/Contribution to the FieldDespite limitations of small numbers and alcohol status likely under-enumerated in hospital data, the results collectively indicate reductions in alcohol-related injury, supporting the increasing uptake of alcohol management plans.
Challenging the status quo: engaging youth in the development of a curriculum resource about alcohol and young people
Authors: Stuart S , Cvitanovic L 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundCombating alcohol related harm in New Zealand takes a concerted effort by many sectors of the community working together with a shared vision. Needs analysis identified a dearth of youth alcohol harm minimisation resource material to support curriculum delivery in Whanganui secondary schools. The project aimed to co-ordinate development of a youth informed digital video disc (DVD) to address this gap. It sought to engage youth in conversations around harm minimisation and curriculum resource development and to increase community collaboration in support of this. Evaluation focussed on project activities and short term outcomes.Aims/Objectives/PurposeEvaluation aims included identifying levels of stakeholder engagement, particularly among youth, factors influencing engagement and impact of the resource on youth awareness.MethodsMixed methods were used with a focus on a qualitative approach. Information was collected via debrief sessions, document analysis (including photographic records), youth pre and post DVD viewing feedback and participant observation.Results/OutcomesYouth were successfully engaged in key project implementation phases. This was influenced by opportunities to have meaningful input. Youth pre and post DVD viewing data indicated significant increases in awareness of the effects of alcohol and of strategies for keeping safer around alcohol.Significance/Contribution to the FieldA youth informed DVD resource is now available to support alcohol harm minimisation curriculum delivery in Whanganui. The potential for the DVD to be used more widely has been identified with ACC developing complimentary ‘wrap around’ resources to encourage familial relationships and conversations about alcohol and young people. Communities can individualise the resource to suit their needs.
Choices: safer partying using theatre-in-education
Authors: Duncan R , Graves B , Wood S 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundLocal reports indicated high levels of risk-taking behaviour by young people while partying, especially when alcohol or other drugs were involved.Using theatre-in-education to improve young people's skills to keep themselves safer was shown to reduce the likelihood of harmful situations occurring.Aims/Objectives/PurposeRaise young people's awareness and knowledge of how and why to choose safer partying behaviours. Increase parents' awareness of strategies to use in parenting. Support schools to provide related learning opportunities.MethodHYPE-GS collaboratively developed and delivered a performance for high-schools and alternative education centres, using a script based on local young people's stories of when partying ‘went wrong’. An interactive ‘Forum Theatre’ component allowed audience members to rework characters' choices. Almost 2000 young people and over 200 parents saw the performances.We used a Logic Model planning process for programme and evaluation design. Data was collected through observation, questionnaires and interviews, to gauge the programme's effectiveness in raising awareness, increasing knowledge and changing behaviours.Results/OutcomeInteractive Forum Theatre engaged young people and contributed to awareness raising, attitudinal and potentially behavioural change in young people.Parents felt better informed of current partying issues and how they could be supported to deal with these.Significance/Contribution to the FieldCHOICES provided an innovative and engaging way of raising awareness of the potential harms of unsafe partying behaviours and allowed young people to explore alternative decisions that lead to better outcomes. The evaluation demonstrated the effectiveness of the process and made several recommendations for extending the programme reach.
Reaching high-risk young adolescents: a process evaluation of a school based injury prevention programme
Authors: Dingli K , Buckley L , Chapman R , Reveruzzi B , Sheehan M 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundAdolescent injury is a serious public health concern. Adolescents classified as high-risk are a population most vulnerable to harm from injury due to increased engagement in risk-taking behaviour.Aims/Objectives/PurposeThe aim of this research is to evaluate responsiveness of high-risk young Australian adolescents (13–14 years) to a curriculum based injury prevention programme.MethodsFifteen schools implemented the Skills for Preventing Injury in Youth (SPIY) programme in April to June 2012. Focus groups were conducted with a random sample of teachers after the conclusion of SPIY in July 2012.Teachers classified the risk-level of students based on perceptions of student engagement in risk-taking behaviour (eg, alcohol, violence, transport risks) and reported on dose, adherence, quality of process and participant responsiveness.Results/OutcomesThe findings of teacher focus groups are presented regarding perceptions of the implementation of the curriculum based injury prevention programme and perceived responsiveness for high-risk young adolescents. Programme strengths and weaknesses are reported in the context of meeting the needs of high-risk young adolescents and the amount of material high-risk young adolescents received in line with the SPIY curriculum.Significance/Contribution to the FieldTeachers provide insight into responsiveness of high-risk young adolescents for a curriculum based injury prevention programme as well as the way it is implemented for high-risk young adolescents. Findings of this research have the potential to enhance implementation of school based interventions for high-risk young adolescents who are still participating in mainstream schooling and maximise programme effect and sustainability.
Acceptance of screening for intimate partner violence, actual screening and satisfaction with care amongst female clients visiting a health facility in Kano, Nigeria
Authors: John I , Lawoko S , Oluwatosin A 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundHealthcare providers have advocated for the screening and management of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) against women and its consequences. Unfortunately, data from high income countries suggest that women may have varied preferences for being screened for IPV in healthcare. Although women's preference for screening in sub-Saharan countries has not been well researched, IPV remains an accepted societal norm in many of these countries, including Nigeria.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to assess women's acceptance of screening for IPV in healthcare, the extent to which inquiry about IPV was carried out in healthcare and whether such inquiry impacted on satisfaction with care.MethodData on these variables were gathered through structured interviews from a sample of 507 women at a regional hospital in Kano, Nigeria. The study design was cross-sectional.ResultsThe results found acceptance for screening in the sample to be high (76%), but few women (7%) had actually been probed about violence in their contact with care providers. Acceptance for screening was associated with being married and being employed. Actual screening was associated with ethnicity and religion, where ethnic and religious majorities were more likely to be screened. Finally, being screened for IPV seemed to improve satisfaction with care.SignificanceThe findings demonstrate the need for adaptation of a screening protocol that is also sensitive to detect IPV amongst all ethnic and religious groups. The findings also have implications for further education of socio-economically disadvantaged women on the benefits of screening.
Is gender of healthcare provider important for screening for intimate partner violence against women? Experiences from a Nigerian sample
Authors: John Ime Akpan 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundIntimate partner violence (IPV) against women is gendered based violence that has varying degrees of health consequences on women. Advocacy for screening for IPV within healthcare and elsewhere has been championed for several years. Despite these calls, identification of IPV within the healthcare has met with challenges that relates to occupational and demographic characteristics of the Healthcare provider (HCP) especially gender.ObjectivesTo study the association between genders of HCP and screening for IPV at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano, Nigeria.Investigate the association of gender with the readiness to screen for example, perceived self-efficacy, access to social network to refer victims of IPV, professional roles, attitudes towards women and safety of provider /Victims.MethodA cross-sectional questionnaire study using the Domestic violence healthcare provider survey scale. T-test was utilised to assess the association between inquiry for violence and readiness to screen variables. Associations between categorical variables were assessed using χ2test.ResultsOf the 693 clinical staff at the hospital, 430 had regular contact with patients.90% of nurses were female while 70% of doctors were males. Inquiry for IPV among both genders was 25% and the males HCP inquired more than their female peers. Male HCP were more likely to blame the victims of IPV than the females. However, the females scored higher in the professional role resistance.SignificanceIn our study, gender of HCP was important in the diagnosis and management of IPV. Screening was low but increased inquiry was associated with the male gender.