bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zero-shot evaluation of ChatGPT for food named-entity recognition and linking
Authors: Ogrinc Matevž , Koroušić Seljak Barbara , Eftimov Tome 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionRecognizing and extracting key information from textual data plays an important role in intelligent systems by maintaining up-to-date knowledge, reinforcing informed decision-making, question-answering, and more. It is especially apparent in the food domain, where critical information guides the decisions of nutritionists and clinicians. The information extraction process involves two natural language processing tasks named entity recognition—NER and named entity linking—NEL. With the emergence of large language models (LLMs), especially ChatGPT, many areas began incorporating its knowledge to reduce workloads or simplify tasks. In the field of food, however, we noticed an opportunity to involve ChatGPT in NER and NEL.MethodsTo assess ChatGPT's capabilities, we have evaluated its two versions, ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4, focusing on their performance across both NER and NEL tasks, emphasizing food-related data. To benchmark our results in the food domain, we also investigated its capabilities in a more broadly investigated biomedical domain. By evaluating its zero-shot capabilities, we were able to ascertain the strengths and weaknesses of the two versions of ChatGPT.ResultsDespite being able to show promising results in NER compared to other models. When tasked with linking entities to their identifiers from semantic models ChatGPT's effectiveness falls drastically.DiscussionWhile the integration of ChatGPT holds potential across various fields, it is crucial to approach its use with caution, particularly in relying on its responses for critical decisions in food and bio-medicine.
Maternal and infant oral health benefits from mothers receiving prenatal total oral rehabilitation: a pilot prospective birth cohort study
Authors: Yang Ruqian , Rashwan Noha , Al Jallad Nisreen , Wu Yan , Lu Xingyi , Wu TongTong , Xiao Jin 
Published: August 2024

AimThis study aimed to evaluate the maternal and infant oral health benefits from mothers receiving prenatal total oral rehabilitation (PTOR) before childbirth.MethodsBuilding upon our previous investigation, in which 15 expectant mothers received PTOR before their third trimester, achieving a state of oral health free from disease prior to delivery, we conducted a follow-up study to monitor these mothers and their newborns until they reached 2 years of age. We assessed the impact of PTOR on maternal and infant oral health, the utilization of dental care during the postpartum/early-life period, and the carriage of oral cariogenic microorganisms among mothers and their infants. Control groups consisting of 11 children and 17 mothers who did not undergo PTOR were included for comparative analysis.ResultsPTOR demonstrated a sustained improvement in maternal oral health outcomes by the end of 2 years postpartum, evidenced by a reduction in the Plaque Index and decayed surfaces compared with the control group (p &lt; 0.05). PTOR was also associated with increased perinatal oral health literacy compared with the baseline of the mothers themselves (p &lt; 0.05). In addition, PTOR led to a notable increase in maternal dental care utilization, rising from 26.7% before PTOR to 80% at 1 year postpartum and 70% at 2 years postpartum. Intriguingly, 40% of infants in the PTOR group had their first dental visit before reaching 1 year of age, in contrast to national data from the USA indicating a rate of less than 1%. Furthermore, a decrease in plaque Streptococcus mutans was observed in PTOR mothers 2 years postpartum, compared with both their baseline carriage and that of the control group (p &lt; 0.05). Infants in the PTOR group also had a lower incidence of early childhood caries, with 18% in the PTOR group vs. 27% in the control group, although this difference was not statistically significant due to the small sample size.ConclusionsPTOR is associated with sustained oral health benefits and improves dental care utilization by mothers and their infants. Large-scale clinical trials are warranted to validate these study findings.
Bibliometric Analysis of the Machine Learning Applications in Fraud Detection on Crowdfunding Platforms
Authors: Cardona Luis F. , Guzmán-Luna Jaime A. , Restrepo-Carmona Jaime A. 
Published: August 2024

Crowdfunding platforms are important for startups, since they offer diverse financing options, market validation, and promotional opportunities through an investor community. These platforms provide detailed company information, aiding informed investment decisions within a regulated and secure environment. Machine learning (ML) techniques are important in analyzing large data sets, detecting anomalies and fraud, and enhancing decision-making and business strategies. A systematic review employed PRISMA guidelines, which studied how ML improves fraud detection on digital crowdfunding platforms. The analysis includes English-language studies from peer-reviewed journals published between 2018 and 2023 to analyze the pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic. The findings indicate that ML techniques such as Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, and Artificial Neural Networks significantly enhance the predictive accuracy and utility of tax planning for startups considering equity crowdfunding. The United States, Germany, Canada, Italy, and Turkey do not present statistically significant differences at the 95% confidence level, standing out for their notable academic visibility. Florida Atlantic and Cornell Universities, Springer and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. publishing houses, and the Journal of Business Ethics and Management Science magazines present the highest citations without statistical differences at the 95% confidence level.
Importance of Human Breast Milk in the Early Colonization of Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Córdova-Carrillo Karina , De la Peña-Lobato Cristina , Cuevas-González María Verónica , Cuevas-González Juan Carlos , Espinosa-Cristóbal León Francisco , Tovar-Carrillo Karla Lizette , Saucedo-Acuña Rosa Alicia , Zambrano-Galván Graciela , Reyes-López Simón Yobanny 
Published: August 2024

Background and objectives: The development of the oral microbiome begins in the prenatal stage. Breast milk contains antimicrobial proteins, microorganisms, metabolites, enzymes, and immunoglobulins, among others; therefore, differences have been noted in the type of microorganisms that colonize the oral cavity of children who are breastfed compared to those who are formula-fed. Our objective was to establish the relationship between breastfeeding, formula feeding, or mixed feeding (breastfeeding and formula) with the presence of S. mutans in a population of children under 6 months of age. Materials and Methods: The patients were recruited from the Child Care Center of Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, and from the pediatric dentistry postgraduate clinics of the Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez; children exclusively fed maternally, with formula, and/or mixed were included. Those who had been fed within the previous hour were excluded. The sample was taken with a smear of the jugal groove using a sterile micro-brush. For the identification of Streptococcus mutans, a culture of Mitis Salivarius Agar (Millipore) was used. Results: 53.3% corresponded to females and 46.7% to males, 36.7% corresponded to maternal feeding, 23.3% corresponded to formula feeding, and 40% corresponded to mixed feeding. In 90% of the infants, the parents indicated that they did not perform oral hygiene. The CFU count showed that infants who were exclusively breastfed had an average of 9 × 10 CF/mL, formula-fed infants had an average of 78 × 10 CFU/mL, and those who had mixed feeding 21 × 10 CFU/mL. Conclusions: According to the results obtained, it was possible to corroborate that exclusive breastfeeding limits the colonization of Streptococcus mutans compared to those infants who receive formula or mixed feeding; these results could have a clinical impact on the dental health of infants by having a lower presence of one of the main etiological factors involved in dental caries and the type of microbiome established in the oral cavity.
EL CONTINUUM DE LAS VIOLENCIAS BASADAS EN GÉNERO - VBG: JÓVENES ENTRE LO PÚBLICO Y LO PRIVADO
Authors: OLAYA EUCARIS , PUYANA VILLAMIZAR YOLANDA , SALIVE MARÍA CLARA , BERNAL MARTINEZ ÁNGELA ROCÍO 
Published: August 2024

La Universidad Nacional de Colombia, fundada en 1867, es la principal institución universitaria del país, con nueve sedes en diferentes regiones y alrededor de 60 mil estudiantes, con una población docente mayoritariamente masculina. Aunque cuenta con políticas de equidad de género, las cifras reflejan un liderazgo y participación predominantemente masculina, con ciertas áreas más masculinizadas que otras.
La universidad ha sido pionera en temas de género, implementando políticas de equidad y prevención de violencias basadas en género, como el Protocolo para la Prevención y Atención de Casos de Violencias Basadas en Género. Sin embargo, las denuncias de violencias contra mujeres y personas no binarias continúan aumentando, lo que requiere un mayor compromiso en la prevención y atención de estas violencias.
Se destaca la necesidad de trabajar con colectivos estudiantiles y representantes para abordar la naturalización de la inequidad de género y los silencios que persisten en torno a las violencias. La investigación muestra las experiencias de los estudiantes y sus acciones de resistencia frente a las violencias, evidenciando la importancia de comprender sus trayectorias de vida y los significados que atribuyen a sus experiencias.
Ampliar el análisis más allá del término "continuum" es necesario para comprender las diversas dimensiones del sufrimiento y la impotencia experimentados por las personas afectadas.
Clinical, Pathological, and Genetic Characteristics of Patients with Digenic Alport Syndrome
Authors: Inoki Yuta , Horinouchi Tomoko , Yamamura Tomohiko , Ishimori Shingo , Ichikawa Yuta , Tanaka Yu , Ueda Chika , Kitakado Hideaki , Kondo Atsushi , Sakakibara Nana , Nagano China , Nozu Kandai 
Published: August 2024

Key Points

Patients with both COL4A3 and COL4A4 variants exhibited poor renal prognosis compared with those with autosomal dominant Alport syndrome.The proportion of patients with digenic Alport syndrome was 1.7% among all patients with Alport syndrome.

Background
Digenic Alport syndrome could be associated with poor renal prognosis. However, the characteristics of patients with digenic Alport syndrome remain ambiguous.

Methods
We retrospectively investigated the clinical symptoms, pathological findings, genetic variants, and proportions of patients with digenic Alport syndrome. The ages at detection of proteinuria and development of ESKD were compared between patients with digenic Alport syndrome with disease-causing variants in COL4A3 and COL4A4 and those with autosomal dominant Alport syndrome (ADAS) previously analyzed by our group.

Results
Eighteen patients from nine families with digenic variants in COL4A3 and COL4A4 and four male and five female patients with digenic variants in COL4A5 and COL4A3 or COL4A4 were enrolled in this study. Next-generation sequencing revealed that the proportion of patients with digenic Alport syndrome was 1.7% among all patients with Alport syndrome. In patients with digenic variants in COL4A3 and COL4A4, the median ages at detection of proteinuria and ESKD were 10.0 and 57.0 years, respectively. Compared with the patients with ADAS, the age at detection of proteinuria tended to be earlier (10.0 versus 20.0 years; P = 0.073) and that at development of ESKD was significantly earlier (57.0 versus 72.0 years; P = 0.045) in patients with digenic Alport syndrome.

Conclusions
Overall, patients with digenic Alport syndrome harboring COL4A3 and COL4A4 variants exhibited poor renal compared with the patients with ADAS. Therefore, timely identification of the two disease-causing variants is critical for the renal prognostic assessment and early treatment of patients with digenic Alport syndrome.
حق المتهم في الاستعانة بمحام أمام المحكمة الجزائية في التشريع العماني: دراسة تحليلية مقارنة
Authors: قشطة نزار حمدي , العبري فاطمة خليفة 
Published: August 2024

الأهداف: حق المتهم في الاستعانة بمحام يعد حقاً متفرعاً من حق الدفاع، وله أولوية كبيرة خاصة في مرحلة المحاكمة؛ لتحقيق ضمانات المحاكمة العادلة ومن ثم، هدفت الدراسة إلى توضيح مفهوم الاستعانة بمحام وأهميتها في مرحلة المحاكمة، وتبيان مدى إلزامية هذا الحق وفقاً للقانون بالنسبة للأحداث ولغير الأحداث، والأثر المترتب على عدم وجود هذه الضمانة للمتهم؛ الأمر الذي يثير إشكالية الدراسة؛ التي تتمحور حول مدى كفاية النصوص القانونية وتطبيقها فيما يتعلق بحق المتهم في الاستعانة بمحام أمام المحكمة الجزائية. المنهج: اتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي للإجابة عن تلك الإشكالية إضافة إلى المنهج المقارن. النتائج: توصلت الدراسة إلى نتيجة مهمة، مفادها أن المشرع العماني لم ينص على إلزامية ندب محام للمتهم البالغ في مرحلة المحاكمة حتى ولو كان متهماً في جناية، في حين جاء النص على إلزامية ندب محام للمتهم بنص صريح وواضح إذا كان المتهم حدثاً، وأوصت الدراسة المشرع العماني بضرورة تنظيم هذا الحق ووضع آلية معينه لكفالة هذه الضمانة المهمة للمتهم؛ بما يحقق التوافق بين نصوص النظام الأساسي وقانون الإجراءات الجزائية. الخاتمة: تناولت الدراسة حق المتهم في الدفاع أمام المحكمة الجزائية، وألقت الضوء على إيضاح مفهوم حق المتهم في لاستعانة بمحامم أمام المحكمة الجزائية، وبينت التنظيم القانوني لهذا الحق في التشريع العماني.
توظيف مهارات التعلم والابتكار في الممارسات التدريسية ومعوقاته لدى معلمي ومعلمات الرياضيات من وجهة نظرهم
Authors: الرويشد نهى راشد 
Published: August 2024

الأهداف: هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تعرّف توظيف مهارات التعلم والابتكار في الممارسات التدريسية ومعوقاته لدى معلمي ومعلمات الرياضيات من وجهة نظرهم. المنهج: اعتمدت الدراسة المنهج النوعي باستخدام المقابلات الشخصية شبه المنظمة، وتكونت من 9 أسئلة عن توظيف مهارات التعلم والابتكار في الممارسات التدريسية لمادة الرياضيات. بلغ عدد المشاركين 31 من معلمي مادة الرياضيات في دولة الكويت. النتائج: توصلت النتائج إلى أن الممارسات التدريسية للمجموعة الأولى: مهارات التفكير الناقد وحل المشكلة، ظهرت في أربعة محاور، وهي تشجيع طرح الأسئلة والمناقشة، وربط المسائل الرياضية بالمواقف الحياتية، وإعطاء التوجيهات، وتنويع استخدام الإستراتيجيات وتوليد الأفكار. وبرز في نتائج المجموعة الثانية مهارات الاتصال والتشارك محوران هما: الممارسات التدريسية الموجهة للمتعلم والممارسات التدريسية الموجهة للجماعة. أما نتائج المجموعة الثالثة مهارات الابتكار والإبداع؛ فكانت في ثلاثة محاور: وهي ربط أفكار سابقة واستدعاؤها، وتوليد أفكار مميزة غير مألوفة، وتقديم إضافات وتفاصيل جديدة. وأوضحت نتائج المشاركين معوقات في ممارساتهم التدريسية لمهارات التعلم والابتكار، وهي معوقات تتعلق بالمعلم؛ مثل قلة تدريب المعلمين، والتقيد بخطة زمنية، ومعوقات تتعلق بالطالب؛ مثل ضعف اللغة العربية، قراءة المسائل اللفظية، ومعوقات تتعلق بطبيعة المادة؛ مثل صعوبة فهم المشكلة وتحديدها، وكتابة المعلومات الرياضية إلى لغة رياضية واضحة وتفسيرها، ومعوقات تتعلق بالمنهج؛ مثل كثافة محتوى المنهج بالنسبة لزمن الحصة، وكذلك التقيد بطرق الحل في المنهج، ومعوقات تتعلق بالبيئة الصفية؛ مثل كثافة الفصل، وقلة الموارد والأدوات. الخاتمة: من أهم توصيات الدراسة الاهتمام بالتواصل الرياضي في الممارسات التدريسية وبخاصة التواصل الرياضي الكتابي، وتوفير مصادر متنوعة ومبتكرة لإثراء وتعلم الرياضيات لتحفيز مهارات التعلم والابتكار.
Collagen Type II-Based Injectable Materials for In situ Repair and Regeneration of Articular Cartilage Defect
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Hu Xu , Jin Min , Mu Yulei , Zhou Huiqun , Ma Cheng , Ma Liang , Liu Bangheng , Yao Hang , Huang Ye , Wang Dong-An 
Published: August 2024

Repairing and regenerating articular cartilage defects (ACDs) have long been challenging for physicians and scientists. The rise of injectable materials provides a novel strategy for minimally invasive surgery to repair ACDs. In this study, we successfully developed injectable materials based on collagen type II, achieving hyaline cartilage repair and regeneration of ACDs. Analysis was conducted on the regenerated cartilage after materials injection. The histology staining demonstrated complete healing of the ACDs with the attainment of a hyaline cartilage phenotype. The biochemical and biomechanical properties are similar to the adjacent native cartilage without noticeable adverse effects on the subchondral bone. Further transcriptome analysis found that compared with the Native cartilage adjacent to the defect area, the Regenerated cartilage in the defect area repaired with type II collagen-based injection materials showed changes in cartilage-related pathways, as well as down-regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathways and interleukin-17 signaling pathways, which changed the immune microenvironment of the ACD area. Overall, these findings offer a promising injectable approach to treating ACDs, providing a potential solution to the challenges associated with achieving hyaline cartilage in situ repair and regeneration while minimizing damage to the surrounding cartilage.
Deep learning model for predicting the spatial distribution of binding energy from atomic configurations
Authors: Saito Seiki , Sato Shingo , Nakamura Hiroaki , Takahashi Chako , Sawada Keiji , Hoshino Kazuo , Kobayashi Masahiro , Hasuo Masahiro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Understanding plasma-material interaction is crucial for achieving steady-state operation of magnetic confinement fusion devices. Kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) simulation is a powerful tool for investigating the motion of atoms in the plasma facing materials under the influence of this interaction. To predict trapping sites and migration energies necessary for kMC simulations, we developed a deep learning model based on pix2pix for predicting the spatial distribution of binding energy. Results show that the model can reproduce spatial distributions similar to the true values. However, larger errors occur in regions with steep value gradients.
Impact of thick N-polar AlN growth on crystalline quality and electrical properties of N-polar GaN/AlGaN/AlN FET
Authors: Zazuli Aina Hiyama , Kowaki Taketo , Miyamoto Minagi , Hanasaku Koki , Inahara Daisuke , Fujii Kai , Kimoto Taisei , Ninoki Ryosuke , Kurai Satoshi , Okada Narihito , Yamada Yoichi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this study, we attempted to fabricate N-polar GaN/AlGaN/AlN heterostructure FET by changing the thickness of the AlN layer. An Al-polar tiny-pit AlN layer and a polarity inversion method were used to grow N-polar AlN on vicinal sapphire via the metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy. The samples with an AlN thickness of up to 3.4 μm exhibited a crack-free surface. Additionally, the twist component of the crystal quality improved with an increasing AlN thickness. Consequently, the mobility, sheet conductivity, and surface flatness improved. The FET fabricated from the sample with a thicker AlN layer achieved a higher drain current of 279 mA mm−1 at a gate bias of V
G = 3 V.
Plasma sources sputtering nanoscale contaminants with low-energy ion flux on front-end mirrors in ITER optical diagnostics
Authors: Ushakov Andrey , Verlaan Ad , Stephan Ulf , Steinke Olaff , Meekes Cederik , Rijfers André , Giesen Peter , Yatsuka Eiichi , de Bock Maarten , Bassan Michele , Moser Lucas , Yokoyama Masahito , van Beekum Erik , Yadav Shobhit 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
New plasma sources are proposed to clean optical mirrors in diagnostic instruments of the ITER experiment considering RF discharges operating at low pressures (1–10 Pa) in inert gases. There are nearly twenty optical diagnostics where the front-end optical mirrors may require plasma cleaning. The mirrors vary in size and would need up to 400 W in the discharge to form ion fluxes capable of removing Be- and W-containing contaminants to restore the optical performance with tolerable damage to the mirror. The plasma sources suggested to clean contaminants include a vacuum matching circuit placed close to the mirror and a quarter wavelength band stop notch filter when mirror water cooling is needed. Long-term operation stability and cleaning homogeneity may employ a driving frequency variation to tune the circuit and a phase shift for RF voltages to clean two mirrors simultaneously. In this paper, the plasma sources based on 40 MHz RF discharge to clean first mirrors are studied experimentally for two ITER optical instruments: the Edge Thomson Scattering and the Visible Spectroscopy Reference System. Frequency tuning and phase shifting are studied in realistic configurations prototyping diagnostic port plug geometries.
Effect of gas injection pattern on magnetically expanding rf plasma source
Authors: Nakahama Yugo , Takahashi Kazunori 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Argon gas is injected from a back plate having either a radial center hole or shower-patterned eight holes into a 13.3-cm-diameter and 25-cm-long radio frequency (rf) plasma source attached to a 43.7-cm-diameter and 65cm-long diffusion chamber under an expanding magnetic field, which resembles the magnetic nozzle rf plasma thruster. The source has a double-turn loop antenna powered by a 13.56 MHz rf generator at a maximum power level of ~2.8 kW in low-pressure argon, providing a plasma density of about 1018 m−3 in the source. A high plasma density and a slightly low electron temperature are obtained for the shower-pattered case in both the source tube and the diffusion chamber, compared with the center hole case, suggesting that the neutral density profile significantly affects the plasma density profile. This result will provide an improvement in the thruster performance by the gas injection pattern.
Alterations in the gut microbiome after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in patients with hepatitis B virus-related portal hypertension
Authors: Zhao Hong-Wei , Zhang Jin-Long , Liu Fu-Quan , Yue Zhen-Dong , Wang Lei , Zhang Yu , Dong Cheng-Bin , Wang Zhen-Chang 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
Gut microbiota (GM) affects the progression and response to treatment in liver diseases. The GM composition is diverse and associated with different etiologies of liver diseases. Notably, alterations in GM alterations are observed in patients with portal hypertension (PH) secondary to cirrhosis, with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection being a major cause of cirrhosis in China. Thus, understanding the role of GM alterations in patients with HBV infection-related PH is essential.
AIM
To evaluate GM alterations in patients with HBV-related PH after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement.
METHODS
This was a prospective, observational clinical study. There were 30 patients (with a 100% technical success rate) recruited in the present study. Patients with esophagogastric variceal bleeding due to HBV infection-associated PH who underwent TIPS were enrolled. Stool samples were obtained before and one month after TIPS treatment, and GM was analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing.
RESULTS
One month after TIPS placement, 8 patients developed hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and were assigned to the HE group; the other 22 patients were assigned to the non-HE group. There was no substantial disparity in the abundance of GM at the phylum level between the two groups, regardless of TIPS treatment (all, P > 0.05). However, following TIPS placement, the following results were observed: (1) The abundance of Haemophilus and Eggerthella increased, whereas that of Anaerostipes , Dialister , Butyricicoccus , and Oscillospira declined in the HE group; (2) The richness of Eggerthella , Streptococcus , and Bilophila increased, whereas that of Roseburia and Ruminococcus decreased in the non-HE group; and (3) Members from the pathogenic genus Morganella appeared in the HE group but not in the non-HE group.
CONCLUSION
Intestinal microbiota-related synergism may predict the risk of HE following TIPS placement in patients with HBV-related PH. Prophylactic microbiome therapies may be useful for preventing and treating HE after TIPS placement.