bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1273 – Addictive Behaviour In An Acute Mental Health Unit (granada, Southern Spain)
Authors: Galiano S. , Soler A. , Muñoz J.E. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionFrom last March 2011 until now we have implemented in our Acute Mental Health Unit the Law 42/30-12-2010. This law regulates the existence of free-smoke places.MethodsWe have collected the data of the smokers patients that began the process of detoxification. We evaluated their level of dependence (Fargestrom's test), their motivation to smoke and the abstinence syndrome intensity. At three months of their hospital discharge we measured the abstinence from smoking in these patients.ResultsA total of 31 patients were assessed, 22 out of them were treated with patches of nicotine (14 men, 8 women) age range 18 -57 years; 9 out of 31 smokers patients did not use substitutive treatment (6 men, 3 women) age range 22 - 48 years.At three months, only 2 patients kept the tobacco abstinence (6.4%) and another patient more had reduced the consumption approximately to the half. Six month later only one of them kept abstinent.ConclusionsWe understand the necessary promotion and the prevention of the physical health in our patients, avoiding the consumption of toxic substances as far as possible. It is crucial to improve the efficacy of the interventions aimed at to quit tobacco consumption.However, the abandon of an addiction should have a fundamentally voluntary character. The addictions in our patients are chronic and recurrent, and they should be approached from a longitudinal perspective including in its treatment plan.
1274 – Factors Affecting Activity Of Health Care Seeking Behavior In Patients Suffering From Affective And Neurotic, Stress-related And Somatoform Disorders
Authors: Malygin Y. , Tsygankov B. , Malygin V. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionPatients suffering from psychic disorders are characterized with postponed health-seeking. The aim of this study was to find out factors affecting the activity of health care seeking behavior (HCSB).Material44 inpatients took part the study. Most of them were male (81%). Mean age was 39,0±12,3. Among patients 32% suffered from affective disorders, 68% - from neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders. Patients were divided into 2 groups with active - aHCSB (n= 32) and passive - pHCSB (n= 12).MethodsSemi-structured were used to find out the anamnestic information. Coping-strategies (Lazarus) test, personality test and attitude towards disease test were used.ResultsIn aHCSB group the rate of married patients or patients having non-official relations was higher than in pHCSB group. Contact with psychiatrist prior to current episode of disease predicted aHCSB. Anxiety towards symptoms of disease resulted aHCSB. In aHCSB group neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders were more common and affective disorders, apathy and asthenia were less common than in pHCSB group. Prevalence of symptoms of anxiety was higher in aHCSB, while presence of agoraphobia resulted pHCSB. Higher degree of coping strategies (seeking of social support and planning of problem-solving) was present in aHCSB compared with pHCSB group. Patients from aHCSB group had higher exalted personality traits. Sensitive type of attitude towards disease was more common in pHCSB than aHCSB group.ConclusionsHealth care seeking behavior is affected with complex of factors. Knowledge of these factors can be used in prevention of passive health care seeking behavior.
1283 – Social Motor Coordinations: a Study With Schizophrenia And Social Phobic Patients
Authors: Capdevielle D. , Salesse R. , Del-Monte J. , Varlet M. , Marin L. , Boulenger J.-P. , Smith R. , Bardy B. , Raffard S. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionSocial interactions dysfunctions make up core symptoms of many mental disorders and have been extensively studied through cognitive paradigms gathered under the concept of social cognition. Nevertheless, a growing body of literature have demonstrated that motor coordination is an important feature of these human social interactions but has been little studied in the context of mental diseases.ObjectiveIn this study, we propose to compare the processes of inter-agent coordination in healthy and socially impaired clinical populations (e.g. schizophrenia and social phobia patients).Method20 schizophrenia and 20 social phobia patients were compared to 20 healthy subjects using an hand-held pendulum paradigm in intentional and unintentional interpersonal motor coordination, with different leadership conditions. All participants had psychopathological and neuropsychological evaluations.ResultsOur results demonstrated that each group of subject was characterised by specific signature concerning interpersonal motor coordination. More specifically, instability of the coordination and temporal delay between patient and controls revealed that schizophrenia impaired intentional coordination but not spontaneous non-intentional coordination whereas social phobia only affected leader conditions.ConclusionTaken altogether, these preliminary results give evidence that motor control through motor coordination behaviours is a fundamental part of social interactions deficits in schizophrenia and social phobia. These results lead us to examine if the evaluation of motor coordination during a social interactions could help to discriminate the deficits in social interactions and to propose specific therapy for their rehabilitation.AcknowledgementsThis research was supported by an Agence Nationale de la Recherche grant (Project SCAD # ANR-09- BLAN-0405-03).
1290 – Relashionship Between Therapeutic Modalities And Treatment Compliance In Schizophrenia
Authors: Zouari O. , Zalila H. , Arfaoui S. , Boussetta A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionAlthough effective treatment for schizophrenia is available, patient's compliance with treatment prescriptions is notoriously poor. Factors influencing compliance were identified: factors linked to patients, factors depending on the therapeutic relation the clinician and factors due to medications.ObjectiveTo study the relationship between treatment techniques and medication compliance in schizophrenia.MethodA cross-sectional study of patients with schizophrenia and their parents followed as outpatients in the department of psychiatry D in Razi hospital.Results95 patients was recruited punctually. 84 patients (88.5%) were receiving long-acting neuroleptic. Just under half patients (48%) were compliant with their treatment. Almost all observing patients (91%) were receiving long-acting neuroleptic. The average dose of NLP prescribed in patients observing is slightly lower than that of not observed. The number of daily doses of treatment also appeared to influence the adherence behavior. The correlation between adverse events and compliance was statistically significant (p = 0.032).ConclusionThe management of schizophrenia could be greatly improved by considering the medication related factors leading to non compliance. Medication prescription complexity is important to take under consideration. However, strategies for the improvement of compliance must also take into consideration other factors such us patient-related and interactional factors.
1294 – Assessment Of Professional Stress Among Nurses At The General Hospital Of Sousse In Tunisia
Authors: Nakhli J. , Maraoui A. , Bouhlel S. , Ben Nasr S. , Ben Hadj Ali B. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundStressed workers are more likely to be unhealthy. However relation between professional stress and anxiety and/or depressive disorders remains controversial.ObjectiveThe aims of this study are to assess the degree of professional stress among nurses at the general hospital and to determine correlation between stress and anxiety and/or depressive symptoms.Methodology70 nurses through a random draw according to the specialty had participated. Six medical departments and three surgery departments were selected from eighteen departments. We have used two self-administered questionnaires: the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD).ResultsThe group mean age of was 33.7 ± 9.1 years.PSS mean score in our group was 43.2 ± 6.9 and HAD mean score was 17.4 ± 4.2.13% of nurses had pathological stress level (PSS Score > 50). We also noted that 33% of nurses had anxiety symptoms and 44% had depressive symptoms.No correlation was found between PSS score and HAD score and between PSS score and the two sub-scales of HAD.Variables such as female gender (p= 0.003), conflicts with colleagues (p= 0.016) were significantly correlated with high anxiety symptoms.For depressive symptoms, we found that nurses working in surgery department are more depressed than those in medicine department (p= 0.03).37% of nurses had criteria of major depressive disorder.Conclusion13% of nurses had pathological stress level. Third of them had anxiety symptoms and less than half had depressive symptoms.
1296 – Schizophrenia And Social Support: a Comparison Between China And Singapore
Authors: Chow A. , Mellor D. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionSocial support enhances a person's ability to cope and adapt to his environment, and has been found to bolster emotional and physical well-being. This may be especially true in collectivist cultures like Singapore and China, where Confucian values have strong influence over the peoples' behaviours. These values impact the way the society perceives mental illness and the way sufferers are supported. Despite cultural similarities, there are important differences between China and Singapore. Singapore is a highly developed country with excellent psychiatric facilities, while China is still developing with limited psychological resources.AimsTo understand how social support impacts on the psychosocial functioning of sufferers with schizophrenia. It sought to examine and elucidate differences between both countries so similar in culture but different in developments.MethodsStructured questionnaires were given to two groups of subjects (Patients and caregivers). Participants were recruited from Singapore and China (Shanghai). A total sample size of 200 participants was collected from both sites. This comprised of 50 patients and 50 primary care givers in each location.ResultsPreliminary results indicated similar psychosocial functioning levels in patients with schizophrenia despite differences in means of social support. Chinese patients received more support from their families while Singaporean patients obtained support from the external environment such as mental health professionals.ConclusionsIn spite of cultural similarities, these sufferers obtained and perceived social support from different sources. More research in cultural psychology is recommended to better understand the relationship between social support and schizophrenia in Asian societies.
1302 – Characteristics Of Suicidal Attempts In Bipolar Disorder: Differences Between Subtypes 1 And 2
Authors: Moliere F. ,   Fondation Fondamental
Published: July 2013

BackgroundSuicidal behaviour represents a main cause of morbidity in patients with bipolar disorder. Researchers estimate that between 25% and 60% of individuals with bipolar disorder will attempt suicide at least once in their lives. Although it remains a controversial issue, several studies have found that patients with bipolar-II disorder have a higher risk of suicide attempt than those with bipolar-I.AimTo investigate whether bipolar II disorder has different characteristics from bipolar I disorder among suicide attempters.Methods311 patients suffering from bipolar disorder, hospitalized after a suicide attempt, were interviewed by semi-structured interview, suicide attempt characteristics and a wide range of personality traits relevant to suicidal vulnerability.ResultsThere was no significant difference between BP-I and BP-II suicide attempters according to sociodemographic variables. BP-I and BP-II patients did not differ for intent and lethality of suicide attempt for both BP subtypes. There was no significant difference for other characteristics of suicide behavior such as number of previous attempts, age at first suicide attempt, use of violent mean. Personality traits such as impulsivity, aggression, emotional lability, and hopelessness were similar between BP-I and BP-II patients. There was no significant difference between the groups in rates of comorbid substance abuse, anxious disorder or eating disorder.LimitationsRetrospective study, lack of information about number of previous episodes and severity of acute episode of the bipolar disorder.ConclusionBP-I and BP-II subtypes have similar features of suicide attempt and personality traits relevant to suicidal risk.
1307 – Clinical Predictors Of Therapeutic Response To Clozapine In a Sample Of 42 Patients With Treatment-resistant Schizophrenia
Authors: Nakhli J. , Ltaief L. , Ben Amor L. , Ben Nasr S. , Ben Hadj Ali B. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundSeveral lines of evidence suggest that Clozapine is more effective than others antipsychotic drugs in treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). It would therefore be extremely valuable if predictors of response to Clozapine could be identified.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive factors of clinical responses to Clozapine in a group of patients with TRS.MethodsWe had studied 42 TRS patients (8 males and 34 females) receiving Clozapine. All patients inthis study fulfilled the criteria for refractory schizophrenia according to the UK guidelines for the for the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE).Psychopathology was evaluated before the initiation of Clozapine therapy and after 4 weeks using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), the Scale for the Assessment for Positive Symptoms (SAPS), and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS).ResultsOf the TRS patients on Clozapine, 61.9% achieved a clinical response, defined as at least a 20% decrease in BPRS.There were no correlation between gender, age, educational level and Clozapine response.The different subtypes of schizophrenia have shown no differences in therapeutic response.There was no correlation between response and daily doses of Clozapine (relative to dose per kg of body weight).A good Clozapine response was more likely when schizophrenia began at a later age (p= 0.007) and when negative symptoms were severe (p= 0.009).ConclusionIn our study 61.9% of TRS patients on Clozapine had a clinical response. Priority should be given for patients with evident negative symptom.
1308 – Pharmacological Treatment Of Adhd In Adults
Authors: Kooij J.J.S. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionADHD is a common disorder with a prevalence rate of 3-5% in children, adults and older persons. In psychiatry, addiction centers and forensic psychiatry, the prevalence of ADHD in adults is estimated higher, around 20%. After careful assessment of ADHD and comorbid disorders, ADHD in adulthood can be effectively treated with psycho-education, medication, coaching and cognitive behaviour therapy.Objectives & aimsTo give an overview of the current state-of-the-art treatment of ADHD and comorbidity in adults.MethodsPharmacological treatment of ADHD usually comes after treatment of more acute or severe disorders like depressive or bipolar episodes, anxiety disorders and addiction. Because of the inattention problems of ADHD patients, antidepressant medication is usually preferred above cognitive behaviour therapy for anxiety or depression. Light therapy for seasonal affective disorder and melatonin treatment for the frequent delayed sleep phase syndrome are usually effective, though yet little studied. Available, but off-label medications used for ADHD in adults are stimulants (methylphenidate, dexamphetamine), atomoxetine, bupropion XL, modafinil and tricyclic antidepressants.ResultsBased on 17 years of clinical experience and on efficacy and safety data in the literature, first and other choices of medication will be discussed, as well as common dosing schedules in adults, side effects, contra-indications and combined treatment of stimulants with antidepressants, mood stabilisers and melatonin.ConclusionsAll disorders must be addressed and treated in the right order, based on severity. Treatment of ADHD in adults is not just treatment of ADHD, but of a combination of disorders that cluster in our patients.
1310 – Factors Related To Homicide In Tunisian Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Nakhli J. , Bouhlel S. , Ben Meriem H. , Ridha R. , Ben Hadj Ali B. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundEvaluation of variables correlated to homicide is a fundamental issue for developing preventive and therapeutic strategies to deal with such criminal behavior.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to assess the characteristics of homicide in Tunisian patients suffering from schizophrenia and to determine the correlated socio-demographic, clinical and therapeutic variables.MethodsThe study included two groups of male patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia who attended the university psychiatric hospital of Tunis “Razi”. The first group was composed by 36 patients hospitalized in the forensic unit between the first January 2000 and 30 may 2012 for homicide. The second group included 50 patients without any criminal record. Demographic, clinical and therapeutic variables were analyzed and compared between the two groups.ResultsNo differences were found between the two groups regarding the different socio-demographic variables. Significant differences were found with respect to a duration of untreated psychosis equal to or more than one year (p= 0.048), shorter duration of psychiatric care (p= 0.002), lower number of hospitalizations (p= 0.026), antecedent of forced hospitalization (p< 0.001), low degree of insight (p= 0.001), poor medication compliance (p< 0.001) and higher antipsychotic doses (p= 0.001).ConclusionDemographic variables as suggested by other studies are less valuable predictors of homicide in patients with schizophrenia. Interventions for reducing such behavior should focus on clinical variables and integrate an early diagnosis of the disease and improvement of insight as well as medication compliance.
1311 – Response Trajectories During Antidepressant Treatment Of Major Mood Disorder
Authors: Vaiva G. , Courtet P. , Saleron J. , Corruble E. , Llorca P.M. , Bayle F. , Gorwood P. 
Published: July 2013

ContextA recent study by Levine and Leucht described several kinetics of treatment response among schizophrenic patients with antipsychotics. We aimed so to test this methodology in a population of depressed patients.Method2938 outpatients with major depressive disorder were included in a multicentre, non interventional study, assessing at inclusion, week 2 and week 6, mood (QIDS-C, CGI, PGI and VAS) and functionality (SDS). To identify homogeneous groups of patients on the evolution of QIDS criteria over time (D0, W2 and W6), the latent class linear mixed model was used. Then, the groups were described at each time by several clinical characteristics and scores using ANOVA or the chi-square test. All metrics at day 0 and week 2 were tested for their capacity to predict a kinetic of response, all patients being treated by Agomelatine.Results1200 patients were drug naïve for the current episode; 3 types of response kinetics were found: early, intermediate et late responders. The principal factor in relationship with a later response was the number of past episodes. Among the 1700 patients with a previous antidepressant treatment, 6 types of kinetics were distinguished: early response kinetics, intermediate and late response, non response and a singular one with early response at W2 and relapse at W6. The principal factor in relationship with a bad response kinetic was the age at first episode of mood disorder.ConclusionsPrevious reports stressing the interest of an assessment at week 2 were reinforced by the present results.
1313 – Prevalence Of Psychiatric Disorders Among Cancer Patients Admitted In a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Gopalan M. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionCancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and India is no exception to this. The controversies and necessity of assessing the prevalence of psychological morbidity with validated instruments in cancer patients, which can have important ramifications, in service delivery led to the present study.Aims and objectivesTo study the Prevalence and correlates of psychiatric morbidity in cancer patients and find the factors associated with psychiatric illness in cancer patients in a tertiary care centre.MethodsPatients admitted in Radiotherapy ward of Medical College Trivandrum who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were assessed using translated and validated MINI 6.0, delirium rating scale and Adjustment disorder questionnaire after obtaining informed consent.ResultsOf the 384 patients assessed the prevalence of Psychiatric disorders was 41.7% with adjustment disorders contributing to 22.6%, major depressive disorders 10.9%, delirium 6.5%, and hypomania 1.6% and age, past history of chemotherapy, past history of radiotherapy, & surgical treatment of carcinomas were significantly associated with psychiatric disorders.ConclusionsCancer is associated with Psychiatric disorders and affects patients. Psychological interventions can alleviate the distress of these persons and provisions of psychological support should be is an important component in the care of these patients.
1322 – Mirror Neuron Dysfunction And Ego-boundary Disturbances In Schizophrenia
Authors: Mehta U.M. , Basavaraju R. , Thirthalli J. , Gangadhar B.N. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionEgo-boundary disturbance (EBD) in schizophrenia is a unique psychopathological cluster characterized by passivity experiences (involving thoughts, actions, emotions and sensations) attributed by patients to some external agency. Aberrant mirror neuron activation may explain impaired self-monitoring and agency attribution underlying these ‘first rank’ symptoms.AimsWe aim to study mirror neuron activity (MNA) in schizophrenia patients with and without EBD using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).Methods50 right-handed schizophrenia patients (DSM IV) were evaluated using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview and the Positive & Negative Syndrome Scale. They completed a TMS experiment to assess putative premotor MNA. Motor evoked potential (MEP) was recorded in the right first dorsal interosseous muscle (FDI) with (a) 120% of resting motor threshold (RMT) and (b) stimulus intensity set to evoke MEP of 1 millivolt amplitude (MT1). These were done in 3 states: actual observation of an action using the FDI, virtual-observation (video) of this action and resting state. The difference of MEP between resting to action-observation states formed the measure of MNA.ResultsMNA measured using MT1 and 120% RMT paradigms for real-observation was significantly lower in the 18 patients with EBD (thought-broadcast/withdrawal/insertion, made-act/impulse/affect and somatic passivity) than the 32 patients without EBD (t=2.75, p = 0.009; t = 2.41, p = 0.02 respectively for the two paradigms). The two groups did not differ on age, gender, education and total symptom scores.ConclusionsSchizophrenia patients with EBD have lower premotor MNA. This highlights the role of MNA dysfunction in the pathophysiology of this unique and intriguing symptom cluster in schizophrenia.