bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tacrolimus 0.03% ointment in labial discoid lupus erythematosus: A randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Wang Xiangjian , Zhang Lin , Luo Jingjing , Wu Zhongting , Mei Yingying , Wang Yuhong , Li Xiaoying , Wang Wanchun , Zhou Hongmei 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn this randomized, controlled clinical trial to compare efficacy and safety, 41 patients with labial discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) were randomized to 2 groups, either receiving tacrolimus 0.03% ointment (n = 22) or triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% cream (n = 19). Each patient was treated with 3, 2, and 1 daily doses in the first, second, and third weeks, respectively, for 1 course. After the 3 week treatment, patients with complete disappearance of erosion were followed up for 3 months. After the 3 week application, 20 participants in the tacrolimus group and 19 in the triamcinolone acetonide group completed the study. The rates of complete response were 70% and 89.5% in tacrolimus‐treated and triamcinolone acetonide–treated patients, respectively, with no significant difference (P = .235). Reduction in erosion and erythema showed no significant difference between groups (P > .05). Final reduction in reticulation areas and numeric rating scale scores were significantly greater in the tacrolimus group than in the triamcinolone acetonide group (P = .013; P = .048, respectively). Only 1 patient receiving tacrolimus presented with slight discomfort. There was no significant difference in 3 month recurrence rate between the groups (P > .05). Topical tacrolimus is considered as effective as triamcinolone acetonide for the management of labial DLE.
High accuracy of ultrasound in diagnosing the presence and type of groin hernia
Authors: Lee Ryan Ka Lok , Griffith James F. , Ng Wing Hung Alex 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundTo evaluate the accuracy of ultrasound (US) in diagnosing the the presence and type of groin hernia.MethodsWe retrospectively studied the results of 172 US examinations of the groin in 151 patients (101 men and 50 women; mean age, 59 years) who had undergone US examination for suspected groin hernia. In total, 119 of the groin hernias had been diagnosed on US, and 108 (91%) had required subsequent surgery. All patients who had had positive results for hernia on US and did not undergo surgery (n = 11) and most of the patients whose US results had been negative for hernia (n = 48) underwent limited MRI or CT scanning. We determined the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of US in diagnosing the presence and type of groin hernia. To identify any change in the accuracy of US over time at our institution, we compared the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of its use from January 2002 through December 2010 (n = 54 groins) with those from January 2011 through December 2012 (n = 118 groins).ResultsThe overall rates of sensitivity and specificity of US for diagnosing the presence of groin hernia were 96% and 96%. These rates reflect improvements from 92% and 88% prior to 2011 to 98% and 100% beginning in 2011. In addition, the overall accuracy of US for diagnosing the type of groin hernia was 96%. This also improved over time at our center from 91% prior to 2011 to 98% beginning in 2011.ConclusionsUS is highly accurate at diagnosing the presence and type of groin hernia. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 43:538–547, 2015
Immunohistochemical and lectin histochemical studies on the developing olfactory organs of fetal camel
Authors: Ibrahim Dalia , Taniguchi Kazumi , Yamamoto Yoshio , Taniguchi Kazuyuki , Nakamuta Nobuaki 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTLittle is known about the development of the olfactory organs of camel. In this study, prenatal development and neuronal differentiation of the vomeronasal organ (VNO) and the olfactory epithelium (OE) of the one‐humped camel were studied by immunohistochemistry and lectin histochemistry. A neuronal marker, protein gene product (PGP) 9.5, but not a marker of fully differentiated olfactory receptor cells, olfactory marker protein, intensely labeled the olfactory receptor cells of the VNO and OE at 395 mm, 510 mm, and 530 mm fetal ages, indicating that the olfactory receptor cells are differentiated, but not fully matured both in the VNO and the OE. In 187 mm and 190 mm fetuses, PGP 9.5 yielded faint immunoreactive signals in the VNO, but not in the OE, although the presence of olfactory receptor cells were demonstrated in both tissues by intense WGA and LEL stainings. We conclude that the camel VNO and OE bear differentiated, but still immature receptor cells; in addition, the onset of neuronal differentiation seems to be somewhat earlier in the VNO than in the OE till half of the prenatal life. Microsc. Res. Tech. 78:613–619, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MRI‐guided percutaneous transpedicular biopsy of thoracic and lumbar spine using a 0.23t scanner with optical instrument tracking
Authors: Liu Ming , Sequeiros Roberto Blanco , Xu Yujun , He Xiangmeng , Zhu Tongyin , Li Lei , Lü Yubo , Huang Jie , Li Chengli 
Published: May 2015

PurposeTo prospectively evaluate the safety and accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐guided percutaneous transpedicular biopsy of thoracic and lumbar spine using 0.23T magnetic resonance imaging with optical tracking.Materials and MethodsSixty‐seven thoracic and lumbar spine lesions in 67 patients underwent MRI‐guided percutaneous transpedicular biopsy using 0.23T MRI with optical tracking. These lesions were divided into two groups according to the location: 16 lesions in the thoracic spine and 51 lesions in the lumbar spine. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated, and comparison of the two groups was performed using Fisher's exact test. Each patient was monitored for complications.ResultsAll specimens obtained were sufficient for diagnosis. Histological examination of MRI‐guided percutaneous biopsy revealed 38 malignant and 29 benign lesions. The final diagnoses from surgery or clinical follow‐up were 42 malignant lesions and 25 benign lesions. The combined diagnostic performance of MRI‐guided percutaneous transpedicular thoracic and lumbar biopsy in diagnosing malignant tumors was as follows: accuracy, 94%; sensitivity, 89%; and specificity, 100%. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P = 1, Fisher's exact test). No serious complications occurred.ConclusionMRI‐guided percutaneous transpedicular biopsy is a safe and accurate diagnostic technique to evaluate thoracic and lumbar spine lesions. J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2015;42:1740–1746.
Prognostic relevance of apparent diffusion coefficient obtained by diffusion‐weighted MRI in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Kurosawa Jo , Tawada Katsunobu , Mikata Rintaro , Ishihara Takeshi , Tsuyuguchi Toshio , Saito Masayoshi , Shimofusa Ryota , Yoshitomi Hideyuki , Ohtsuka Masayuki , Miyazaki Masaru , Yokosuka Osamu 
Published: May 2015

BackgroundDiffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW‐MRI) is utilized as a method of oncologic imaging for predicting treatment outcomes. This study explored the role of DW‐MRI in the treatment of patients with resected pancreatic cancer by comparing apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values with clinicopathological findings and survival rates.Materials and MethodsRecords of 54 patients in whom DW‐MRI at 1.5T was performed (b values: 0 and 1000 mm2/s) before macroscopically curative resection were analyzed. ADC values were then calculated and compared with clinicopathological factors including age, gender, serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels, serum carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 levels, lymph node metastasis, primary tumoral location, size, differentiation, resectability, and pT stage. A survival analysis of clinicopathological factors and ADC values was performed using the Kaplan–Meier method, and the results were evaluated with the log‐rank test. Prognostic significance was assessed using the Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsSignificant associations were found between tumor differentiation and ADC values (P = 0.001). In a univariate analysis of overall survival, tumor differentiation (P = 0.037) and ADC values (P = 0.002) were identified as significant prognostic factors. However, age, gender, carcinoembryonic antigen levels, carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 levels, lymph node metastasis, primary tumoral location, size, resectability, and pT stage were not associated with overall survival. In a multivariate analysis of overall survival, only ADC values were identified as significant prognostic factors (hazard ratio 2.293, 95% confidence interval 1.147–4.585, P = 0.019).ConclusionADC values were found to be associated with prognosis in patients with resected pancreatic cancer. J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2015;42:1532–1537.
Comparison of readout segmented echo planar imaging (EPI) and EPI with reduced field‐of‐VIew diffusion‐weighted imaging at 3t in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Park Jin Young , Shin Hee Jung , Shin Ki Chang , Sung Yu Sub , Choi Woo Jung , Chae Eun Young , Cha Joo Hee , Kim Hak Hee 
Published: May 2015

PurposeTo qualitatively and quantitatively compare the diagnostic performance of rs‐EPI (readout segmented echo planar imaging) and reduced FOV (field‐of‐view) EPI in patients with biopsy‐proven breast cancer at 3T.Materials and MethodsBetween November 2013 and July 2014, 96 patients (age range, 30–75 years: mean, 52 years) with breast cancer were retrospectively enrolled in this study. In all patients, rs‐EPI and rFOV EPI were performed using a 3T MR scanner. Differences between two sequences were compared quantitatively by measuring the tumor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), contrast, and contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR). Two independent readers visually assessed overall image quality, lesion conspicuity, and reader preference. The regions of interest (ROIs) were drawn in the whole tumor and in the normal breast parenchyma. Comparisons of quantitative and qualitative parameters between two sequences were performed using the Mann–Whitney and the paired t‐test.ResultsSNR was significantly higher in rFOV EPI than in rs‐EPI (51.88 ± 27.68 vs. 76.46 ± 50.20, P < 0.001). Mean tumor ADC value and normal tissue ADC were significantly lower in rFOV EPI (P < 0.001). Absolute tumor mean and minimum ADCs of rFOV EPI were significantly lower than those of rs‐EPI (P < 0.001 for both). However, normalized ADC did not show a significant difference between the two sequences (P = 0.737). Lesion conspicuity and overall image quality of rFOV EPI were significantly higher than those of rs‐EPI for both readers (P = 0.025 and < 0.001).ConclusionIn breast cancer, rFOV EPI provided significantly higher image quality, lesion conspicuity, and SNR than rs‐EPI. J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2015;42:1679–1688.
MRI‐based prostate volume‐adjusted prostate‐specific antigen in the diagnosis of prostate cancer
Authors: Peng Yahui , Shen Dinggang , Liao Shu , Turkbey Baris , Rais‐Bahrami Soroush , Wood Bradford , Karademir Ibrahim , Antic Tatjana , Yousef Ambereen , Jiang Yulei , Pinto Peter A. , Choyke Peter L. , Oto Aytekin 
Published: May 2015

PurposeTo determine whether prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels adjusted by prostate and zonal volumes estimated from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) improve the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) and differentiation between patients who harbor high‐Gleason‐sum PCa and those without PCa.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study was Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)‐compliant and approved by the Institutional Review Board of participating medical institutions. T2‐weighted MR images were acquired for 61 PCa patients and 100 patients with elevated PSA but without PCa. Computer methods were used to segment prostate and zonal structures and to estimate the total prostate and central‐gland (CG) volumes, which were then used to calculate CG volume fraction, PSA density, and PSA density adjusted by CG volume. These quantities were used to differentiate patients with and without PCa. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used as the figure of merit.ResultsThe total prostate and CG volumes, CG volume fraction, and PSA density adjusted by the total prostate and CG volumes were statistically significantly different between patients with PCa and patients without PCa (P ≤ 0.007). AUC values for the total prostate and CG volumes, and PSA density adjusted by CG volume, were 0.68 ± 0.04, 0.68 ± 0.04, and 0.66 ± 0.04, respectively, and were significantly better than that of PSA (P < 0.02), for differentiation of PCa patients from patients without PCa.ConclusionThe total prostate and CG volumes estimated from T2‐weighted MR images and PSA density adjusted by these volumes can improve the effectiveness of PSA for the diagnosis of PCa and differentiation of high‐Gleason‐sum PCa patients from patients without PCa. J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2015;42:1733–1739.
Estimation of the Helmholtz–Kohlrausch effect for natural images
Authors: Shizume Takaya , Ohashi Gosuke , Takamatsu Hiroaki , Shimodaira Yoshifumi 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe Helmholtz–Kohlrausch (H‐K) effect is the phenomenon in which two color stimuli have the same luminance but different chroma in a certain hue, so the perceived brightness induced by the two stimuli are different. In expanding gamut, it is necessary to consider the H‐K effect. A quantification of the H‐K effect is required in order to evaluate and develop display devices for which the change of perceived brightness of gamut expansion must be considered. For quantification of the H‐K effect, prediction equations that can derive the equivalent luminance in a single color image have been proposed in previous studies. However, these equations have not been applied to natural images that are important. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to quantify the H‐K effect by deriving calculated values for natural images. For this purpose, first, we conducted the quantification of the H‐K effect in natural images by deriving the equivalent luminance as calculated values expanding the three prediction equations proposed in previous studies. Next, we carried out a subjective evaluation experiment by varying image's chroma and luminance. We then verified the effectiveness of the calculated values by comparing them with the result from the experiment.
Accuracy of computed tomography to predict extracapsular spread in p16‐positive squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Maxwell Jessica H. , Rath Tanya J. , Byrd James K. , Albergotti William G. , Wang Hong , Duvvuri Umamaheswar , Kim Seungwon , Johnson Jonas T. , Branstetter Barton F. , Ferris Robert L. 
Published: May 2015

ObjectiveTo determine the accuracy of pretreatment, contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of extracapsular spread (ECS) in cervical lymph node metastases from p16‐positive head‐and‐neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).Study DesignRetrospective observational study.MethodsSixty‐five (n = 65) patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2013 with p16‐positive HNSCC and with cervical lymph node metastases measuring at least 1 centimeter in diameter on pathological assessment were included. All patients underwent primary surgical treatment. Subjects' preoperative contrast‐enhanced neck CT scans were independently assigned a score for the likelihood of ECS (5‐point scale) by two board‐certified neuroradiologists. Receiver‐operating characteristic curves were generated, and optimal sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy were calculated for each radiologist.ResultsOn histological analysis, the majority of patients (58%; 38/65) were found to have ECS, and 29% (19/65) of patients had ≥ three metastatic lymph nodes. For radiologist 1, PPV and NPV for ECS detection were 72% (95% confidence interval (CI), 53%–87%) and 53% (95% CI, 36%–70%), respectively. For radiologist 2, PPV and NPV for ECS detection were 82% (95% CI, 60 %–95%) and 53% (95% CI, 38%–69%), respectively.ConclusionCT is not a reliable method for determining the presence of ECS in p16‐positive HNSCC patients.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 125:1613–1618, 2015
Genetic aspects and clinical characteristics of familial meniere's disease in a South Korean population
Authors: Lee Jeon Mi , Kim Mi Joo , Jung Jinsei , Kim Hyun Ji , Seo Young Joon , Kim Sung Huhn 
Published: May 2015

Objectives/HypothesisThis study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence, inheritance patterns, and clinical characteristics of familial Meniere's disease (MD) in a South Korean population.Study DesignDirect interviews, telephone interviews, and reviews of the medical records of definite Meniere's disease patients and their families.MethodsDirect and telephone interviews were performed for 286 definite MD patients and their family members who were suspected of having MD. The diagnosis of MD in family members was made by obtaining a detailed history, performing basic neurotological examinations and reviewing hearing test results. The clinical characteristics as well as the prevalence and inheritance patterns of familial MD were analyzed.ResultsThe prevalence of familial Meniere‐like syndrome (at least one family member with definite MD and other members with probable MD) and definite familial MD (two or more family members with definite Meniere's disease) were 9.8% and 6.3%, respectively, and the most common inheritance pattern was autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance. The significant clinical characteristics of familial cases were an early disease onset and a higher prevalence of migraines.ConclusionsThis is the first report describing the genetic aspects of MD in a single large Asian population. The prevalence of definite familial MD was 6.3% with an incomplete autosomal dominant inheritance pattern in most cases. Early‐onset age and a high prevalence of migraines were significant clinical features of familial MD in this South Korean population. These data could provide a basis for the analysis of the genetic mechanism of familial MD in Asian populations.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 125:2175–2180, 2015
Management of non‐invasive rhinosinusitis in the immunosuppressed patient population
Authors: Dao Ashley M. , Rereddy Shruthi K. , Wise Sarah K. , DelGaudio John M. , Patel Zara M. 
Published: May 2015

ObjectiveRhinologists are seeing an increasing number of immunosuppressed patients. Currently, no treatment paradigm exists for treating acute and chronic noninvasive rhinosinusitis (ARS, CRS) in this growing population. This study aims to identify patient and treatment factors that affect rhinosinusitis outcomes in this vulnerable population.Study DesignPrognostic retrospective cohort study.MethodsImmunocompromised patients treated by rhinologists for ARS or CRS 10/2007 to 10/2012 were identified by rhinosinusitis diagnostic codes, codes for transplant, cancer, HIV, diabetes, and codes indicating immunosuppression in the intensive care setting. Associations between patient factors and outcome were analyzed by logistic regression. Associations between treatment and outcome were analyzed by Firth logistic regression.ResultsA total of 132 subjects were identified. Of those, 90.9% had CRS and 9.1% had ARS; 12.9% were transplant patients; 47% were diabetic; 37.9% were cancer patients; and 16.7% were in the intensive care unit. Patients with higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) scores had decreased disease resolution (odds ratio [OR] = 0.5, P = 0.021). Transplant patients (OR = 22.5, P = 0.001), diabetics patients (OR = 6.4, P = 0.017), cancer patients (OR = 5.4, P = 0.046), and patients with prior medical therapy for rhinosinusitis (OR = 5.84, P < 0.001) had increased disease resolution compared to immunosuppressed critical care patients. Patients treated with antibiotics alone had no statistically significant difference in disease resolution compared to those receiving no treatment. In contrast, treatment plans including surgery were associated with greater disease resolution.ConclusionThis data indicates that surgical treatment provides improved outcomes for patients presenting with acute exacerbations of rhinosinusitis related to their immunocompromised state. Given the limited study population, these findings may not apply to HIV‐positive or ARS patients, and further study should be undertaken in these groups.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 125:1767–1771, 2015
Complication rates after functional endoscopic sinus surgery: Analysis of 50,734 Japanese patients
Authors: Suzuki Sayaka , Yasunaga Hideo , Matsui Hiroki , Fushimi Kiyohide , Kondo Kenji , Yamasoba Tatsuya 
Published: May 2015

ObjectiveThe complication rates associated with different types of functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) remain to be fully examined.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsWe extracted data from the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database on 50,734 patients (aged ≥ 16 years) who underwent FESS for chronic rhinosinusitis between 2007 and 2013. We focused on specific types of surgery and stratified the patients into three groups: group 1 (single sinus surgery), group 2 (multiple sinus surgery), and group 3 (whole sinus surgery). Patient characteristics and early postoperative complications including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, orbital injury, severe hemorrhage, and toxic shock syndrome (TSS) that occurred during 1 to 2 weeks of each hospitalization were compared. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between overall complication rate and background characteristics, with adjustment for within‐hospital clustering.ResultsThe overall complication rate was 0.50%; the rates of CSF leakage, orbital injury, hemorrhage requiring surgery, blood transfusion, and TSS were 0.09%, 0.09%, 0.10%, 0.18%, and 0.02%, respectively. Ethmoidectomy combined with sphenoidotomy was associated with higher overall complication rates (1.40%). The rate of orbital injury was highest in group 2, whereas that of other complications did not differ significantly among the groups. Extent of FESS showed no significant association with overall complication rate.ConclusionMore extensive FESS was not associated with increased rates of postoperative CSF leakage, hemorrhage, or TSS. Multiple sinus surgery was associated with a higher rate of orbital injury. The extent of surgery did not significantly affect the overall complication rate.Level of Evidence2b. Laryngoscope, 125:1785–1791, 2015