bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial structuring of the population genetics of a European subterranean termite species
Authors: Bankhead‐Dronnet Stéphanie , Perdereau Elfie , Kutnik Magdalena , Dupont Simon , Bagnères Anne‐Geneviève 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn population genetics studies, detecting and quantifying the distribution of genetic variation can help elucidate ecological and evolutionary processes. In social insects, the distribution of population‐level genetic variability is generally linked to colony‐level genetic structure. It is thus especially crucial to conduct complementary analyses on such organisms to examine how spatial and social constraints interact to shape patterns of intraspecific diversity. In this study, we sequenced the mitochondrial COII gene for 52 colonies of the subterranean termite Reticulitermes grassei (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), sampled from a population in southwestern France. Three haplotypes were detected, one of which was found exclusively in the southern part of the study area (near the Pyrenees). After genotyping 6 microsatellite loci for 512 individual termites, we detected a significant degree of isolation by distance among individuals over the entire range; however, the cline of genetic differentiation was not continuous, suggesting the existence of differentiated populations. A spatial principal component analysis based on allele frequency data revealed significant spatial autocorrelation among genotypes: the northern and southern groups were strongly differentiated. This finding was corroborated by clustering analyses; depending on the randomized data set, two or three clusters, exhibiting significant degrees of differentiation, were identified. An examination of colony breeding systems showed that colonies containing related neotenic reproductives were prevalent, suggesting that inbreeding may contribute to the high level of homozygosity observed and thus enhance genetic contrasts among colonies. We discuss the effect of evolutionary and environmental factors as well as reproductive and dispersal modes on population genetic structure.
Clinical characteristics and management of hospitalized and ambulatory patients with heart failure–results from ESC heart failure long‐term registry–Egyptian cohort
Authors: Hassanein Mahmoud , Abdelhamid Magdy , Ibrahim Bassem , Elshazly Ahmed , Aboleineen Mohamed Wafaie , Sobhy Hesham , Nasr Gamela , Elmesseiry Fatma , Abdelmoniem Ahmed , Ashmawy Medhat , Farag Nabil , Youssef Amr , Elbahry Atef , Elrakshy Yahia , Sobhy Mohamed , Khairy Abdel Dayem Tarek M. , Ebeid Hamdy , Reda Ashraf , Boshra Hesham , Saleh Ayman , Maggioni Aldo Pietro 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAimsOur aim is to describe the clinical characteristics and management of patients hospitalized with acute heart failure (HHF) and ambulatory patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) in Egypt and compare them with heart failure (HF) patients from other countries in the European Society of Cardiology‐Heart Failure (ESC‐HF) registry.Methods and resultsThe ESC‐HF Long‐term Registry is a prospective, multi‐centre, observational study of patients presenting to cardiology centres in member countries of the ESC. From April 2011 to February 2014, a total of 2145 patients with HF were recruited from 20 centres all over Egypt. Of these patients, 1475 (68.8%) were hospitalized with HHF, while 670 (31.2%) had CHF. Less than one‐third (32.1%) of all patients were females. HHF patients {median age of 61 years [interquartile range (IQR), 53–69]} were older than CHF patients [median age of 57 years (IQR,46‐64)]; P < 0.0001. They had more diabetes mellitus (45.4% vs. 31.8%; P < 0.0001). Left ventricular ejection fraction > 45% was present in 22% of HHF vs. 25.6% of CHF (P = 0.17). Atrial fibrillation existed in about a quarter of all patients (24.5%). Ischaemic heart disease was the main cause of HF in Egyptian patients. All‐cause in‐hospital mortality was 5%. Egyptian patients presented at a much earlier age than in other regions in the registry. They had more diabetes mellitus. Atrial fibrillation prevalence was remarkably lower. Other co‐morbidities (renal dysfunction, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease) occurred less frequently.ConclusionPatients in the Egyptian cohort exhibited distinct features from HF patients in other countries in the ESC‐HF Long‐term Registry.
Protonation‐Dependent Luminescence of an Iridium(III) Bibenzimidazole Chromophore
Authors: Rommel Sebastian A. , Sorsche Dieter , Rockstroh Nils , Heinemann Frank W. , Kübel Joachim , Wächtler Maria , Dietzek Benjamin , Rau Sven 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe present the synthesis and a detailed structural and photophysical investigation of the bis(phenylpyridine)iridium(III) complex of 4,4′,5,5′‐tetramethyl‐2,2′‐bibenzimidazole [Ir(tmBBI)‐H2] and its homodinuclear complex [Ir(tmBBI)Ir]. Their structures were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis and NMR spectroscopy, and detailed UV/Vis and emission spectroscopy studies were performed. Ir(tmBBI)‐Hx shows strong protonation‐state‐dependent luminescence and is luminescent in all three of its protonation states, which allows for protonation‐state‐dependent color tuning from the green to blue spectral region. The diastereomeric meso and rac forms of the dinuclear Ir(tmBBI)Ir could be separated by fractional crystallization and both showed strong luminescence. A comparison with structurally related ruthenium complexes showed pronounced differences in their photophysical properties.
The Effects of Morphology and Linker Length on the Properties of Peptide–Lanthanide Upconversion Nanomaterials as G2 Phase Cell Cycle Inhibitors
Authors: Chan Chi‐Fai , Xie Chen , Tsang Ming‐Kiu , Lear Sam , Dai Lixiong , Zhou Yan , Cicho Jakub , Karbowiak Miroslaw , Hreniak Dariusz , Lan Rongfeng , Cobb Steve L. , Lam Michael Hon‐Wah , Hao Jianhua , Wong Ka‐Leung 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this work, the shape effect of our same‐sized hybrid nanomaterials conjugated with two different Plk1‐specific peptides had been investigated in terms of their photophysical properties, cellular uptake efficiencies, and selective inhibitory effects towards cancer and normal cells. The results clearly indicate that our spherical NaGdF4@SiO2‐P1 nanoparticles achieve the best performance for in vitro imaging, G2 phase cell arrest, and, hence, cell cycle inhibition.
Heterodi‐ (Fe, Pd/Pt) and Heterotrimetallic (Fe2, Pd) Complexes Derived from 4‐(Ferrocenylmethyl)‐N‐(2‐methoxyethyl)‐3,5‐­diphenylpyrazole as Potential Antitumoral Agents
Authors: Guillén Eva , González Asensio , López Concepción , Basu Pradipta K. , Ghosh Amrita , Font‐Bardía Mercè , Calvis Carme , Messeguer Ramón 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe study of the reactivity of the pyrazole derivative 1‐[MeO(CH2)2]‐3,5‐Ph2‐4‐(CH2Fc)–(C3N2) (1, Fc = ferrocenyl) with Na2[PdCl4], Pd(OAc)2, and [MCl2(dmso)2] (M = Pd or Pt, dmso = dimethyl sulfoxide) has allowed us to isolate trans‐[Pd{κ‐N‐(1‐{MeO(CH2)2}‐3,5‐Ph2‐4‐{CH2Fc}–{C3N2})}2Cl2] (2), [Pd{κ2‐C,N(1‐{MeO(CH2)2}‐3‐{C6H4}‐5‐Ph‐{C3N2})}{κ‐N‐(1‐{MeO(CH2)2}‐3,5‐Ph2‐4‐{CH2Fc}–{C3N2})}Cl] (3), [Pd{κ2‐C,N(1‐{MeO(CH2)2}‐3‐{C6H4}‐4‐{CH2Fc}‐5‐Ph‐{C3N2})}Cl(PPh3)] (4), and the trans (5) and cis (6) isomers of [Pt{κ‐N‐(1‐{MeO(CH2)2}‐3,5‐Ph2‐4‐{CH2Fc}–{C3N2})}Cl2(dmso)]. Compound 1 acts as a N (in 2, 5, and 6) or (C,N)– donor ligand (in 4) and shows both binding modes in 3. The cytotoxic assessment of 1–6 against MCF7, MDA‐MB231 (breast), and HCT‐116 (colon) cancer cell lines reveal that (1) 1 is more potent than 1‐[MeO(CH2)2]‐3,5‐Ph2‐(C3HN2) (V), (2) 2–6 have cytotoxic activity, (3) 2 and 3 are less active than 4–6, and (4) 6 is the most potent compound against the three cancer cell lines.
Chemoselective Synthesis of 5‐Alkylamino‐1H‐pyrazole‐4‐carbaldehydes by Cesium‐ and Copper‐Mediated Amination
Authors: Orrego‐Hernández Jessica , Cobo Justo , Portilla Jaime 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMicrowave‐assisted synthesis of new 5‐alkylamino‐pyrazole‐4‐carbaldehydes was performed efficiently, with yields up to 99 % and short reaction times. Nucleophilic substitution of primary alkylamines with activated 5‐chloro‐1‐(2‐pyridyl)pyrazole‐4‐carbaldehyde was mediated by the “cesium effect”. The amination of deactivated 1‐aryl‐5‐chloropyrazole‐4‐carbaldehydes was also assisted by the cesium ion and catalyzed by copper(I).
An Enantioselective Synthesis of Substituted Cyclohexanone Derivatives with an All‐Carbon Quaternary Stereocenter by Using an Organocatalytic Asymmetric Domino Double Michael Addition
Authors: Chen Chi‐Han , Ko Chi‐Ting , Reddy Ganapuram Madhusudhan , Lee Chia‐Jui , Lin Wenwei 
Published: July 2015

AbstractA cinchona alkaloid‐catalyzed enantioselective method has been developed for the synthesis of densely functionalized cyclohexanone derivatives with excellent diastereoselectivities and good enantioselectivities [diastereomeric ratio (dr) >95:5 and an enantiomeric excess (ee) value up to 86 %]. The products have an all‐carbon quaternary center that contains both a cyano and ester group flanked by two vicinal tertiary stereocenters. By using a one‐pot procedure, the tautomeric products were then transformed into the corresponding pyrazoles, which were obtained as single isomers in good yields.
Effects of laundering on military uniform fabric flammability
Authors: Morgan Alexander B. , Yip Pearl W. 
Published: July 2015

SummaryIn this paper, the effects of laundering on the flammability of a military uniform fabric were studied. The flame retardant was incorporated into the fiber prior to fiber spinning, and its ability to maintain flame spread and flame retardancy was evaluated by multiple test methods. Vertical flame spread, cone calorimeter, and pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry were used to determine how many of the flame retardants were removed as a function of wash cycles and if there was any measurable reduction in heat release/fire safety performance that correlated with a loss in flame retardant from washing. Fire testing showed that flame spread performance was maintained within the normal error for the measurement and heat release testing showed very little difference between samples as a function of laundering. Additional analysis via pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry showed that while the flame retardant levels did decrease with washing, enough of the material remained embedded in the fibers so that fire performance could be maintained. The results do indicate that the flame retardant can be washed off, but because of the flame retardant being deeply embedded in the fiber, enough will remain with the fabric after 25 washes to maintain flame retardant performance. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A retrospective international study on primary extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of the lung (BALT lymphoma) on behalf of International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group (IELSG)
Authors: Sammassimo Simona , Pruneri Giancarlo , Andreola Giovanna , Montoro Juan , Steffanoni Sara , Nowakowski Grzegorz S. , Gandini Sara , Negri Mara , Habermann Thomas M. , Raderer Markus , Li Zhi‐Ming , Zinzani Pier Luigi , Adam Patrick , Zucca Emanuele , Martinelli Giovanni 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPrimary lymphoma of the lung is a rare entity. Clinical features, optimal treatment, role of surgery and outcomes are not well defined, and the follow‐up is variable in published data. Clinical data of 205 patients who were confirmed to have bronchus mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma from December 1986 to December 2011 in 17 different centres worldwide were evaluated. Fifty‐five per cent of the patients were female. The median age at diagnosis was 62 (range 28–88) years. Only 9% had a history of exposure to toxic substances, while about 45% of the patients had a history of smoking. Ten per cent of the patients had autoimmune disease at presentation, and 19% patients had a reported preexisting lung disease. Treatment modalities included surgery alone in 63 patients (30%), radiotherapy in 3 (2%), antibiotics in 1 (1%) and systemic treatment in 128 (62%). Patients receiving a local approach, mainly surgical resection, experienced significantly improved progression‐free survival (p = 0.003) versus those receiving a systemic treatment. There were no other significant differences among treatment modalities. The survival data confirm the indolent nature of the disease. Local therapy (surgery or radiotherapy) results in long‐term disease‐free survival for patients with localized disease. Systemic treatment, including alkylating‐containing regimens, can be reserved to patients in relapse after incomplete surgical excision or for patients with advanced disease. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An Efficient Selective Oxidation of Alcohols with Zinc Zirconium Phosphate under Solvent‐free Conditions
Authors: Karimi Hirbod 
Published: July 2015

AbstractZinc zirconium phosphate (ZPZn) nanoparticles have been used as an efficient catalyst for the selective oxidation of a wide range of alcohols to their corresponding ketones or aldehydes using H2O2 as an oxidizing agent without any organic solvent, phase transfer catalyst, or additive. The steric factors associated with the substrates had a significant influence on the reaction conditions. The results showed that this method can be applied for chemoselective oxidation of benzyl alcohols in the presence of aliphatic alcohols. The catalyst used in the current study was characterized by ICP‐OES, XRD, N2 adsorption‐desorption, NH3‐TPD, Py‐FTIR, SEM, and TEM. These analyses revealed that the interlayer distance in the catalyst increased from 7.5 to 8.7 Å when Zn2+ was intercalated between the layers, whereas the crystallinity of the material was reduced. This nanocatalyst could also be recovered and reused at least seven times without any discernible decrease in its catalytic activity. This new method for the oxidation of alcohols has several key advantages, including mild and environmentally friendly reaction conditions, excellent yields and a facile work‐up.
Improved black‐blood imaging using DANTE‐SPACE for simultaneous carotid and intracranial vessel wall evaluation
Authors: Xie Yibin , Yang Qi , Xie Guoxi , Pang Jianing , Fan Zhaoyang , Li Debiao 
Published: July 2015

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to develop a three‐dimensional black blood imaging method for simultaneously evaluating the carotid and intracranial arterial vessel walls with high spatial resolution and excellent blood suppression with and without contrast enhancement.MethodsThe delay alternating with nutation for tailored excitation (DANTE) preparation module was incorporated into three‐dimensional variable flip angle turbo spin echo (SPACE) sequence to improve blood signal suppression. Simulations and phantom studies were performed to quantify image contrast variations induced by DANTE. DANTE‐SPACE, SPACE, and two‐dimensional turbo spin echo were compared for apparent signal‐to‐noise ratio, contrast‐to‐noise ratio, and morphometric measurements in 14 healthy subjects. Preliminary clinical validation was performed in six symptomatic patients.ResultsApparent residual luminal blood was observed in five (pre‐contrast) and nine (post‐contrast) subjects with SPACE and only two (post‐contrast) subjects with DANTE‐SPACE. DANTE‐SPACE showed 31% (pre‐contrast) and 100% (post‐contrast) improvement in wall‐to‐blood contrast‐to‐noise ratio over SPACE. Vessel wall area measured from SPACE was significantly larger than that from DANTE‐SPACE due to possible residual blood signal contamination. DANTE‐SPACE showed the potential to detect vessel wall dissection and identify plaque components in patients.ConclusionDANTE‐SPACE significantly improved arterial and venous blood suppression compared with SPACE. Simultaneous high‐resolution carotid and intracranial vessel wall imaging to potentially identify plaque components was feasible with a scan time under 6 min. Magn Reson Med 75:2286–2294, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Early stage radiation‐induced lung injury detected using hyperpolarized 129Xe Morphometry: Proof‐of‐concept demonstration in a rat model
Authors: Ouriadov Alexei , Fox Matthew , Hegarty Elaine , Parraga Grace , Wong Eugene , Santyr Giles E. 
Published: July 2015

PurposeRadiation‐induced lung injury (RILI) is still the major dose‐limiting toxicity related to lung cancer radiation therapy, and it is difficult to predict and detect patients who are at early risk of severe pneumonitis and fibrosis. The goal of this proof‐of‐concept preclinical demonstration was to investigate the potential of hyperpolarized 129Xe diffusion‐weighted MRI to detect the lung morphological changes associated with early stage RILI.MethodsHyperpolarized 129Xe MRI was performed using eight different diffusion sensitizations (0.0–115 s/cm2) in a small group of control rats (n = 4) and rats 2 wk after radiation exposure (n = 5). The diffusion‐weighted images were used to obtain morphological estimates of the pulmonary parenchyma including external radius (R), internal radius (r), alveolar sleeve depth (h), and mean airspace chord length (Lm). The histological mean linear intercept (MLI) were obtained for five control and five irradiated animals.ResultsMean R, r, and Lm were both significantly different (P < 0.02) in the irradiated rats (74 ± 17 µm, 43 ± 12 µm, and 54 ± 17 µm, respectively) compared with the control rats (100 ± 12 µm, 67 ± 10 µm, and 79 ± 12 µm, respectively). Changes in measured Lm values were consistent with changes in MLI values observed by histology.ConclusionsHyperpolarized 129Xe MRI provides a way to detect and measure regional microanatomical changes in lung parenchyma in a preclinical model of RILI. Magn Reson Med 75:2421–2431, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Eneolithic Cattle Burials from Aljmaš‐Podunavlje and Osijek‐Retfala, Croatia
Authors: Pasarić M. , Trbojević Vukičević T. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractTwo single bovine burials and one mixed animal burial (containing bovine and canid skeletal remains) have been unearthed at two Baden culture sites, Aljmaš‐Podunavlje and Osijek‐Retfala located in Eastern Croatia. Zooarchaeological analysis attributed the faunal remains to domesticated cattle (Bos taurus) and in one case a dog (Canis familiaris). Almost complete and articulated skeletons of subadult or adult cows were found in all three examined features, while pit 59/60 from Aljmaš also contained a skull belonging to an adult‐domesticated cattle and a skeleton of a very young dog, 2–3 months old. All of the skeletons are well preserved and display no evidence of carcass processing indicating that the animals were buried intentionally. Consideration of the positions in which these animals were interred and their relationship with nearby deposits enables discussion of potential animal burial strategies and possible connections with certain ritual practices in which cows and in one case a dog played important roles. The described burials represent the southernmost known distribution of the rite discussed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prevalence of antibiotic use: a comparison across various European health care data sources
Authors: Brauer Ruth , Ruigómez Ana , Downey Gerry , Bate Andrew , Garcia Rodriguez Luis Alberto , Huerta Consuelo , Gil Miguel , de Abajo Francisco , Requena Gema , Alvarez Yolanda , Slattery Jim , de Groot Mark , Souverein Patrick , Hesse Ulrik , Rottenkolber Marietta , Schmiedl Sven , de Vries Frank , Tepie Maurille Feudjo , Schlienger Raymond , Smeeth Liam , Douglas Ian , Reynolds Robert , Klungel Olaf 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPurposeThere is widespread concern about increases in antibiotic use, but comparative data from different European countries on rates of use are lacking. This study was designed to measure and understand the variation in antibiotic utilization across five European countries.MethodsSeven European healthcare databases with access to primary care data from Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain and the UK were used to measure and compare the point and 1‐year‐period prevalence of antibiotic use between 2004 and 2009. Descriptive analyses were stratified by gender, age and type of antibiotic. Separate analyses were performed to measure the most common underlying indications leading to the prescription of an antibiotic.ResultsThe average yearly period prevalence of antibiotic use varied from 15 (Netherlands) to 30 (Spain) users per 100 patients. A higher prevalence of antibiotic use by female patients, the very young (0–9 years) and old (80+ years), was observed in all databases. The lowest point prevalence was recorded in June and September and ranged from 0.51 (Netherlands) to 1.47 (UK) per 100 patients per day. Twelve percent (Netherlands) to forty‐nine (Spain) percent of all users were diagnosed with a respiratory tract infection, and the most common type of antibiotic prescribed were penicillin.ConclusionUsing identical methodology in seven EU databases to assess antibiotic use allowed us to compare drug usage patterns across Europe. Our results contribute quantitatively to the true understanding of similarities and differences in the use of antibiotic agents in different EU countries. © 2015 The Authors. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
‘I didn't even know boys could get the vaccine’: Parents' reasons for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination decision making for their sons
Authors: Perez Samara , Shapiro Gilla K. , Brown Christopher A. , Dube Eve , Ogilvie Gina , Rosberger Zeev 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe study's objective was to examine parents' reasons for their decision to vaccinate their 9–16‐year‐old sons with the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine.MethodsUsing the precaution adoption process model (PAPM), parents were classified according to one of six stages of decision making: unaware, unengaged, undecided, decided not to vaccinate, decided to vaccinate, or vaccinated. Parents responded to an open‐ended question: ‘What would influence your decision to have your son vaccinated or not against HPV?’ResultsThree thousand one hundred and seventeen parents provided 2,874 interpretable narrative responses that were coded using thematic content analyses. The majority of parents were in the earlier precaution adoption process model stages, that is, unaware that the HPV vaccine could be given to boys (57.0%), unengaged (20.9%), or undecided (9.1%). Needing more information, vaccine cost, risks associated with vaccination, and wanting a doctor's recommendation influenced these earlier‐staged parents' decisions. Parents who decided not to vaccinate their sons (6.8%) reported their decision was due to the risks, insufficient research, lack of confidence in vaccines, and/or no need for the vaccine (as their sons are not sexually active and/or too young). Parents who had decided to vaccinate their sons (5.0%) or who had vaccinated their sons (1.1%) reported that their decisions were based on protecting their sons' health and preventing disease.ConclusionThere are important differences in the factors that influence parents' decision depending on where they are along the decision‐making trajectory. Assuring that parents are well informed about the importance of male vaccination, reducing vaccine cost, accurately communicating vaccine safety, and improving patient–provider communication may augment vaccine coverage and prevent HPV‐associated cancers in Canada. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.