bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of recombinant human MG53 protein on tourniquet‐induced ischemia‐reperfusion injury in rat muscle
Authors: Corona Benjamin T. , Garg Koyal , Roe Janet L. , Zhu Hua , Park Ki Ho , Ma Jianjie , Walters Thomas J. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Skeletal muscle ischemia–reperfusion injury (I‐R) is a complex injury process that includes damage to the sarcolemmal membrane, contributing to necrosis and apoptosis. MG53, a muscle‐specific TRIM family protein, has been shown to be essential for regulating membrane repair and has been shown to be protective against cardiac I‐R and various forms of skeletal muscle injury. The purpose of this study was to determine if recombinant human MG53 (rhMG53) administration offered protection against I‐R. Methods: rhMG53 was administered to rats immediately before tourniquet‐induced ischemia and again immediately before reperfusion. Two days later muscle damage was assessed histologically. Results: rhMG53 offered no protective effect, as evidenced primarily by similar Evans blue dye inclusion in the muscles of rats administered rhMG53 or saline. Conclusions: Administration of rhMG53 does not offer protection against I‐R in rat skeletal muscle. Additional studies are required to determine if the lack of a response is species‐specific. Muscle Nerve 49: 919–921, 2014
Osteometric Analysis of South American Sea Lions (Otaria flavescens) Pups From Patagonia. An Assessment of Their Use as Indicators for Seasonality in Archaeological Sites
Authors: Borella F. , L'heureux G. L. , Grandi M. F. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractZooarchaeological analyses of pinniped remains have been scarce in South America because of lack of specific studies of species determination and estimation of age and sex. Nonetheless, the presence of small and unfused bones (assigned as pup remains) of Otaria flavescens (O. flavescens) in the Patagonian archaeological record has been frequently used as an indicator of summer occupation accomplished by ecological analogues. For this reason, we carried out a postcranial skeletons osteometric study of modern pups of South American sea lions (O. flavescens) with known sex and aged 0–12 months, allowing a more precise age estimation of archaeological samples. Then, we revisited the evidence for seasonality in the Cabo Virgenes 6 site at Cabo Virgenes locality, one of the archaeological localities in Patagonia where the seasonality has been determined only on the basis of the presence of unfused pup bones. Our metric data study on a modern sample shows that the regression analyses generated a complementary and dependable age estimation model for unfused appendicular bones of O. flavescens between 0 and 12 months old that can be applied to samples recovered from archaeological sites. These osteometric studies of postcranial elements allow us to adjust the age estimation of the animal's death and re‐examine seasonality of the Cabo Virgenes 6 site (Santa Cruz, Argentina). Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cultural Effects on Phenetic Distances Among Postclassic Mexican and Southwest United States Populations
Authors: Ragsdale C. S. , Edgar H. J. H. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe Southwest United States (US) and Mesoamerica are often thought of as disparate regional networks separated by Northern Mexico. Chaco Canyon in the Southwest US, Tlatelolco in Central Mexico and Casas Grandes in Northern Mexico, all had large inter‐regional trade centres that economically connected these networks. This study investigated how factors such as geographic distance, shared migration history, trade and political interaction affected biological relationships and population affinities among sites in Mexico and in Southwest US during the Postclassic period (ad 900 ~ 1520). Distances based on cultural and geographic variables derived from archaeological and ethnohistoric data were compared with phenetic distances obtained from dental morphological traits. The results of Mantel tests show trade (corr = 0.441, p = 0.005), shared migration history (corr = 0.496, p = 0.004) and geographic distance (corr = 0.304, p = 0.02) are significantly correlated with phenetic distances, whereas political interaction (corr = 0.157, p = 0.133) is not. Partial Mantel tests show trade (corr = 0.223, p = 0.049) and shared migration history (corr = 0.493, p = 0.003) remain significant when controlling for similarities with geographic distance, although the correlation for trade and phenetic distance is lowered. Geographic distance is not significant when similarities with trade (corr = 0.067, p = 0.681) and shared migration history (corr = 0.148, p = 0.127) are controlled. These results highlight the importance of economic relationships and shared migration history across geographic regions in interpreting biological relationships among contemporaneous populations in prehistoric Mexico and the Southwest US. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Feynmans Idee wird Realität
Authors: Windpassinger Patrick 
Published: January 2014

AbstractQuantensimulatoren sind Quantencomputer für spezielle Fragestellungen. An der Berechnung hochkorrelierter Vielteilchensysteme zum Beispiel scheitern konventionelle Computer. Quantensimulatoren stellen solche komplexen Quantensysteme, zum Beispiel aus der Festkörperphysik, mit einem sehr gut kontrollierbaren Modellsystem nach. Mit ultrakalten Gasen in optischen Fallen als Modellsysteme wurden in den vergangenen Jahren faszinierende Ergebnisse erzielt. Drei vorgestellte Beispiele zeigen dies. Das erste Beispiel ist der Übergang von einem delokalisierten Suprafluid in einen Mott‐Isolator aus fest lokalisierten Teilchen. Das zweite Beispiel sind frustrierte Spinsysteme, zum Beispiel auf Dreiecksgittern. Und das dritte Beispiel ist die Simulation des Phasenübergangs zwischen Bose‐Einstein‐kondensierten Molekülen und suprafluiden Cooper‐Paaren.
Materie am Limit
Authors: Hempel Matthias 
Published: January 2014

AbstractDie Struktur von Neutronensternen ist durch die sogenannte Zustandsgleichung festgelegt. Ihr Inneres kann grob in vier Zonen unterteilt werden: Die äußere und innere Kruste, der äußere und innere Kern, in dem exotische Formen von Materie auftauchen können. Der Kern des Neutronensterns macht dabei den größten Anteil seiner Gesamtmasse und ‐größe aus. Die jüngsten astrophysikalischen Entdeckungen zweier äußerst massereicher Neutronensterne haben entscheidend dazu beigetragen, die Eigenschaften von Materie bei hohen Dichten festzulegen. Des Weiteren setzen diese Entdeckungen eine obere Grenze für die maximale Dichte, die im Zentrum von Neutronensternen erreicht werden kann.
“Particles” simuliert ein ideales Gas
Authors: Burde Jan‐Philipp , Wilhelm Thomas , Kuhn Jochen , Lück Stephan 
Published: January 2014

AbstractMit der kostenfreien Android‐App “Particle Physics Simulator” lassen sich schnell und unkompliziert verschiedene Phänomene von Gasen im Teilchenmodell simulieren. Dabei bietet die App verschiedene Einstellmöglichkeiten und eignet sich beispielsweise zur Veranschaulichung der Brownschen Molekularbewegung oder des Ausgleichsbestrebens von Gasen.
Auch Talent fürs Schreiben
Authors: Loos Andreas 
Published: January 2014

AbstractEr stammte vom Lande: Bauern, Steinmetze und auch mal ein Dorfsheriff finden sich unter seinen Vorfahren. Es ist ein hartes Leben, das sie führen: Der Vater stirbt mit 41, ein Großteil der Geschwister des Gesuchten wird schon in der Kindheit von Krankheiten dahingerafft. Nur ein Bruder überlebt. Er selbst arbeitet sich nach oben.
Negative Masse bringt Lichtpulse in Fahrt
Authors: Regensburger Alois , Wimmer Martin , Bersch Christoph , Peschel Ulf 
Published: January 2014

AbstractZu jeder Kraft, die zwei Körper aufeinander ausüben, gibt es laut dem dritten Newtonschen Axiom eine Gegenkraft, die in umgekehrter Richtung wirkt. Daher werden zwei wechselwirkende Körper stets aufeinander zu oder voneinander weg beschleunigt, ihr gemeinsamer Schwerpunkt bewegt sich aber mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit. Wenn aber einer der Körper eine negative Masse besitzt, dann wirken die induzierten Beschleunigungen in dieselbe Richtung: Das Gesamtsystem wird immer schneller. Unsere Arbeitsgruppe an der Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg hat diese Situation in einem optischen Fasernetzwerk nachgebildet, in dem sich zwei Lichtpulse mit positiver und negativer effektiver Masse gegenseitig in die gleiche Richtung beschleunigen.
Haftung bewahren
Authors: Heepe Lars , Gorb Stanislav N. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractHaftung ist ein bedeutender Effekt sowohl in Technik und Alltag wie auch in der Natur. Ein interdisziplinäres Forscherteam der Universität Kiel hat herausgefunden, dass das Geheimnis, der in der Natur weit verbreiteten discoidalen Geometrie der Haftorgane, in einer gleichmäßigen mechanischen Spannungsverteilung zwischen Oberfläche und Haftelement liegt.
Doppelspalt‐Interferenz an Molekülen
Authors: Schmidt Lothar Ph. H. , Dörner Reinhard 
Published: January 2014

AbstractPhysiker der Goethe‐Universität Frankfurt haben ein Gedankenexperiment realisiert, über das Bohr und Einstein in ihrer Debatte über die Quantenphysik gestritten haben. Hierfür schossen sie Heliumatome auf Wasserstoffmoleküle, die die Funktion von Doppelspalten übernahmen. Der Spaltabstand entsprach der Größe des Moleküls. Das Experiment bestätigt Bohrs Interpretation.
Growth responses to irradiance regime along an ecological gradient of Quercuscastaneifolia seedlings of different provenance
Authors: Babaei Soustani Fariba , Jalali Seyed Gholamali , Sohrabi Hormoz , Shirvany Anoshirvan 
Published: January 2014

AbstractUnderstory light is known as one of the most important environmental predictors of growth response of woody species. Hence, the primary objective of most forest management practices is optimizing that resource for understory seedlings. In this study, growth responses of Quercus castaneifolia seedlings from five different provenances from west to east of the Hyrcanian forest were investigated along their ecological gradients (from high to low precipitation). An experimental design was executed under controlled conditions at eight different irradiance levels (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 100 % full irradiance). Results showed that the irradiance is probably the most important determinant of variation in seedling characteristics. Among all investigated variables, variability in seedling size was affected significantly by provenance, while seedling morphology and their architectural response was affected by different levels of irradiance in a curvilinear manner. The biggest changes were observed at lowest irradiance levels (10–20 %) while at higher irradiance (70–100 %) the curves flatten. It was shown that, unlike at low irradiance levels, there is little capacity in seedling morphology to acclimatize with high irradiance intensity. Attaining maximal biomass varies across provenances and irradiance gradient. The highest biomass for the five provenances could be ranked as follows: 20–60 % and 50–60 % for the wetter and drier provenances, respectively. These results demonstrated that the light requirement increases from wetter to drier provenances, with a negative relationship between light requirement and precipitation regime. Different responses to irradiance levels may be the result of genetic adaptation to the ecological conditions prevailing in native habitat, especially precipitation regime.
Combination of Urea Complexation and Molecular Distillation to Purify DHA and EPA from Sardine Oil Ethyl Esters
Authors: Lin W. , Wu F. W. , Yue L. , Du Q. G. , Tian L. , Wang Z. X. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractUrea complexation (UC) and the molecular distillation (MD) technique were applied jointly to purify eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from sardine oil ethyl esters (SOEE). Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to measure the influences of the variables to the responses and the optimal conditions. Regression analysis and variance analysis of the models demonstrated that each multinomial correctly represented the relationships between the responses and the variables. The urea‐to‐SOEE ratio was much more significant than crystallization temperature in UC, and the quadratic term of rotation speed of swept‐surface scrapers was the most significant variable in MD. Optimal UC conditions were 1.9:1 urea‐to‐SOEE ratio and −1 °C crystallization temperature at which the purity and total recovery of EPA and DHA were 65.6 % and 46.8 %, respectively. The best conditions predicted for MD were 75 °C distillation temperature, 54.8 °C preheat temperature, 4.5 °C condensation temperature, and 307 rpm rotation speed at which the purity of EPA and DHA was 83.5 %. The predicted values were verified to be reasonably close to the experimentally observed values.
Nicotine and endometrial decidual growth in pseudopregnant rats
Authors: Siti Norashikin M. T. , Ghosh S. , Chatterjee R. , Rajikin M. H. , Chatterjee A. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractPurposeThe present study aims to investigate the effects of nicotine on the endometrial decidual growth and levels of estrogen and progesterone in pseudopregnant rats.MethodsPseudopregnancy (pc) was induced in cyclic Sprague‐Dawley rats by sterile mating. Subcutaneous injection of nicotine tartrate (7.5 mg/kg/day) was scheduled from day 1 through day 5, day 5 through day 9 or day 1 through day 9 of pc. In another group of pseudopregnant rats, concomitant treatment of nicotine tartrate concurrently with progesterone (2 mg/day) was scheduled from day 1 through day 9 pc. Control groups received subcutaneous injections of vehicle only. Endometrial decidualization was induced on day 5 pc. On day 10 pc, animals were sacrificed.The degree of decidual growth and circulating levels of estrogen and progesterone were measured.ResultsThe decidual growth in all the first three nicotine‐treated groups of animals was significantly reduced, particularly in the animals treated with nicotine from day 1 through day 9 pc. Plasma estrogen levels were significantly elevated in animals treated with nicotine from day 1 through day 9 pc. Conversely, levels of plasma progesterone were found to be significantly attenuated in the same group of nicotine‐treated animals compared to controls. Exogenous replacement of progesterone, however, caused a higher degree of endometrial decidualization compared to the nicotine‐treated group but it was slightly less than when compared to control.ConclusionsIn conclusion, nicotine‐induced progesterone deficiency with a corresponding elevation of estrogen may possibly attenuate the degree of endometrial decidualization in pseudopregnant rats.
Magnesium sulfate‐induced blocked premature atrial contractions resulting in fetal bradyarrhythmia
Authors: Miyoshi Takekazu , Shimizu Wataru , Noda Takashi , Kobayashi Yoshinari , Kamiya Chizuko A. , Yamanaka Kaoru , Neki Reiko , Yoshimatsu Jun , Kamakura Shiro 
Published: January 2014

AbstractHere, we present a rare case of fetal bradyarrhythmia following magnesium sulfate therapy for preterm labor. After we switched treatment from ritodrine hydrochloride to magnesium sulfate at 25 weeks' gestation, the fetal heart rate dropped from 150 bpm to 80–100 bpm. Fetal echocardiography and magnetocardiography indicated bigeminy and trigeminy of blocked premature atrial contractions. It is well known that magnesium sulfate decreases the baseline and variability of fetal heart rate. Studies have reported a substantial decrease of 2–15 bpm in the baseline fetal heart rate, and magnesium has various effects on fetal heart rate patterns with a lower baseline fetal heart rate within the normal range of 110–160 bpm. This is the first report of magnesium sulfate‐induced fetal bradyarrhythmia by prolongation of the refractory period of the atrioventricular node in the case of blocked premature atrial contractions. Clinicians should consider fetal bradyarrhythmia when the baseline fetal heart rate drops to <100 bpm after magnesium sulfate administration.
Towards individualized cancer therapy: Challenges and prospects
Authors: Hutchinson Ezzie 
Published: January 2014

AbstractAt the 17th International Symposium in the annual series of prestigious meetings organized by the Fritz Bender Foundation, 07–09 November 2013, researchers, clinicians and students gathered to discuss and exchange knowledge on individualized cancer therapies. Co‐organized and hosted by the Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain, the sessions covered genetic profiling of patients, tumor characterization, tumor–host relationships and therapeutic targets, with talks from many international experts in the field. The presentations summarized in this report illustrate the current status of our knowledge and the future directions for cancer research in these broad topic areas.
Arbeitsunsicherheit und Gesundheit
Authors: Barrech Amira , Glaser Jürgen , Gündel Harald 
Published: January 2014

Einleitung
Strukturelle Umwälzungen und Wirtschaftskrisen haben in den letzten Jahrzehnten zu einer globalen Zunahme von Arbeitsunsicherheit geführt (OECD, 1997; Eurofound, 2012). Diese gilt als arbeitsbedingter Stressor und wird mit psychischen, wie auch somatischen Beeinträchtigungen der Gesundheit in Verbindung gebracht (Greenhalgh and Rosenblatt, 2010). Untersuchungen zur Prävention gesundheitlicher Beeinträchtigungen fehlen gerade im betrieblichen Kontext bislang weitestgehend. In Anbetracht der individuellen und gesellschaftlichen Implikationen ist die Erprobung von geeigneten Interventionen geboten.
Direktausbildung: Der Psychotherapeut als Scientist-Practitioner Bologna, Staatsexamen, Approbation und sozialrechtliche Zulassung
Authors: Hillecke Thomas , Sosnowsky-Waschek Nadia , Zimber Andreas , Dimou-Diringer Helena , Diener Carsten , Wilker Friedrich-Wilhelm 
Published: January 2014

Einleitung
Zur geplanten Reform des Psychotherapeutengesetzes wurde eine Direktausbildung zum Psychotherapeuten in die öffentliche Diskussion gebracht. Das hier vorgeschlagene Modell ist vom Bachelorstudium bis zur Approbation und sozialrechtlichen Zulassung konzipiert.
FIM Motor Scores for Classifying Community Discharge After Inpatient Rehabilitation for Hip Fracture
Authors: Wang Ching‐Yi , Graham James E. , Karmarkar Amol M. , Reistetter Timothy A. , Protas Elizabeth J. , Ottenbacher Kenneth J. 
Published: January 2014

ObjectiveTo assess the utility of functional status in classifying patients by discharge setting after inpatient rehabilitation for hip fracture.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingA total of 1257 inpatient rehabilitation facilities in the United States.PatientsMedicare beneficiaries (N = 117,168) receiving inpatient rehabilitation for hip fracture from 2007 to 2009.MethodsReceiver operating characteristic curve analyses to assess the overall discriminatory ability of functional status scores (Functional Independence Measure [FIM] total, FIM cognition, and FIM motor) and to identify the functioning threshold that best differentiates patients by discharge setting.Main Outcome MeasurementsDischarge setting (community versus institutional).ResultsApproximately 68% of patients were discharged to the community after inpatient rehabilitation for hip fracture. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses indicate that discharge FIM motor ratings (area under the curve: 0.84) alone are as effective as a multivariable model (area under the curve: 0.85), including sociodemographic and clinical factors, in discriminating patients discharged to the community from those discharged to an institution. A discharge FIM motor rating of 58 yielded the best balance in sensitivity and specificity for classifying patients by discharge setting.ConclusionsDischarge FIM motor ratings demonstrated good discriminatory ability for classifying discharge setting. An FIM motor rating of 58 may serve as a clinical tool to guide treatment plans and/or as additional information in complex discharge planning decisions for patients with hip fracture.
Frequency and Reasons for Return to the Primary Acute Care Service Among Patients With Lymphoma Undergoing Inpatient Rehabilitation
Authors: Fu Jack B. , Lee Jay , Smith Dennis W. , Shin Ki , Guo Ying , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: January 2014

ObjectiveTo assess the frequency and risk factors for return to the primary acute care service among patients with lymphoma undergoing inpatient rehabilitation.DesignRetrospective study.SettingTertiary referral‐based cancer center.PatientsAll patients with a history of lymphoma admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation between October 1, 2003, and January 30, 2013.Main Outcome MeasuresItems analyzed from patient records included return to the primary acute care service with demographic information, lymphoma characteristics, medications, hospital admission characteristics, and laboratory values.ResultsA total of 143 unique patient admissions were analyzed, and 54 of these 143 lymphoma inpatient rehabilitation admissions (38%) returned to the primary acute care service. However, 16 of 54 (30%) returned because they needed additional chemotherapy. Excluding patients who returned to the primary acute care service for chemotherapy, statistically significant or approaching statistically significant factors (P < .10) associated with return to the primary acute care service included a creatinine level ≥1.3 mg/dL (P = .0002), male gender (P = .001), history of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (P = .0355), and presence of an intravenous antifungal agent (P = .0717). Of the patients transferred back to the primary acute care service, 13 of 38 (34%) were discharged directly home, 10 of 38 (26%) died in the hospital, 7 of 38 (18%) were transferred to a subacute rehabilitation facility, and 4 of 38 (11%) were transferred to inpatient rehabilitation.ConclusionsWhen excluding patients who returned for chemotherapy, patients with lymphoma who were male, had undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and had a creatinine level ≥1.3 mg/dL demonstrated increased risk for return to the primary acute care service.
‘HOW I BECAME A COMPOSER’: AN INTERVIEW WITH VINKO GLOBOKAR
Authors: Goldman Jonathan 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis article is an interview with the Franco-Slovenian composer, conductor and trombonist Vinko Globokar, translated, edited and introduced by the author. It offers an overview of Globokar's musical development and a consideration of his artistic position, which straddles the worlds of composition and improvisation. Globokar's music combines complex organisation with an interest in non-hierarchical and improvisatory elements. He has always refused to pit the avant-garde claims of contemporary music against those of free jazz, his music embracing aspects of both, as well as of traditional Balkan musics. His genre-defying approach remains better known in continental Europe than in the UK or North America, and the present text is a contribution to the limited bibliography on Globokar in English.
HETEROPHONIC TUNINGS IN THE MUSIC OF LARRY POLANSKY
Authors: Fiore Giacomo 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis paper explores the use of heterophonic tunings, the gradual substitution of pitches from one harmonic series to another resulting in the simultaneous sounding of different and sometimes contrasting intonations, in the music of the American composer Larry Polansky. The discussion is contextualised by an exploration of the innovations in tuning practice in the work of an earlier generation of American composers. The ramifications of Polansky's compositional ideas in terms of notation and performability are examined with reference to several key works, notably for jim, ben and lou; freeHorn; and ii-v-i.