bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osmotin attenuates amyloid beta-induced memory impairment, tau phosphorylation and neurodegeneration in the mouse hippocampus
Authors: Ali Tahir , Yoon Gwang Ho , Shah Shahid Ali , Lee Hae Young , Kim Myeong Ok 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) include amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation, neurofibrillary tangle formation, synaptic dysfunction and neuronal loss. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotection of novel osmotin, a plant protein extracted from Nicotiana tabacum that has been considered to be a homolog of mammalian adiponectin. Here, we observed that treatment with osmotin (15 μg/g, intraperitoneally, 4 hr) at 3 and 40 days post-intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ1-42 significantly ameliorated Aβ1-42-induced memory impairment in mice. These results revealed that osmotin reverses Aβ1-42 injection-induced synaptic deficits, Aβ accumulation and BACE-1 expression. Treatment with osmotin also alleviated the Aβ1-42-induced hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein at serine 413 through the regulation of the aberrant phosphorylation of p-PI3K, p-Akt (serine 473) and p-GSK3β (serine 9). Moreover, our western blots and immunohistochemical results indicated that osmotin prevented Aβ1-42-induced apoptosis and neurodegeneration in the Aβ1-42-treated mice. Furthermore, osmotin attenuated Aβ1-42-induced neurotoxicity in vitro.To our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the neuroprotective effect of a novel osmotin against Aβ1-42-induced neurotoxicity. Our results demonstrated that this ubiquitous plant protein could potentially serve as a novel, promising and accessible neuroprotective agent against progressive neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.
Direct measurement on the geometric phase of a double quantum dot qubit via quantum point contact device
Authors: Liu Bao , Zhang Feng-Yang , Song Jie , Song He-Shan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe propose a direct measurement scheme to read out the geometric phase of a coupled double quantum dot system via a quantum point contact(QPC) device. An effective expression of the geometric phase has been derived, which relates the geometric phase of the double quantum dot qubit to the current through QPC device. All the parameters in our expression are measurable or tunable in experiment. Moreover, since the measurement process affects the state of the qubit slightly, the geometric phase can be protected. The feasibility of the scheme has been analyzed. Further, as an example, we simulate the geometrical phase of a qubit when the QPC device is replaced by a single electron transistor(SET).
Dispersive growth and laser-induced rippling of large-area singlelayer MoS2 nanosheets by CVD on c-plane sapphire substrate
Authors: Liu Hongfei , Chi Dongzhi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractVapor-phase growth of large-area two-dimensional (2D) MoS2nanosheets via reactions of sulfur with MoO3precursors vaporized and transferred from powder sources onto a target substrate has been rapidly progressing. Recent studies revealed that the growth yield of high quality singlelayer (SL) MoS2is essentially controlled by quite a few parameters including the temperature, the pressure, the amount/weight of loaded source precursors and the cleanup of old precursors. Here, we report a dispersive growth method where a shadow mask is encapsulated on the substrate to ‘indirectly’ supply the source precursors onto the laterally advancing growth front at elevated temperatures. With this method, we have grown large-area (up to millimeters) SL-MoS2nanosheets with a collective in-plane orientation on c-plane sapphire substrates. Regular ripples (~1 nm in height and ~50 nm in period) have been induced by laser scanning into the SL-MoS2nanosheets. The MoS2ripples easily initiate at the grain boundaries and extend along the atomic steps of the substrate. Such laser-induced ripple structures can be fundamental materials for studying their effects, which have been predicted to be significant but hitherto not evidenced, on the electronic, mechanical and transport properties of SL-MoS2.
Stimulation of EphB2 attenuates tau phosphorylation through PI3K/Akt-mediated inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β
Authors: Jiang Jun , Wang Zhi-Hao , Qu Min , Gao Di , Liu Xiu-Ping , Zhu Ling-Qiang , Wang Jian-Zhi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAbnormal tau hyperphosphorylation is an early pathological marker of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), however, the upstream factors that regulate tau phosphorylation are not illustrated and there is no efficient strategy to arrest tau hyperphosphorylation. Here, we find that activation of endogenous EphB2 receptor by ligand stimulation (ephrinB1/Fc) or by ectopic expression of EphB2 plus the ligand stimulation induces a remarkable tau dephosphorylation at multiple AD-associated sites in SK-N-SH cells and human embryonic kidney cells that stably express human tau (HEK293-tau). In cultured hippocampal neurons and the hippocampus of human tau transgenic mice, dephosphorylation of tau proteins was also detected by stimulation of EphB2 receptor. EphB2 activation inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), a crucial tau kinase and activates phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt both in vitro and in vivo, whereas simultaneous inhibition of PI3K or upregulation of GSK-3β abolishes the EphB2 stimulation-induced tau dephosphorylation. Finally, we confirm that ephrinB1/Fc treatment induces tyrosine phosphorylation (activation) of EphB2, while deletion of the tyrosine kinase domain (VM) of EphB2 eliminates the receptor stimulation-induced GSK-3β inhibition and tau dephosphorylation. We conclude that activation of EphB2 receptor kinase arrests tau hyperphosphorylation through PI3K-/Akt-mediated GSK-3β inhibition. Our data provide a novel membranous target to antagonize AD-like tau pathology.
Dietary protein and lifespan across the metamorphic boundary: protein-restricted larvae develop into short-lived adults
Authors: Runagall-McNaull A. , Bonduriansky R. , Crean A. J. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractRestriction of nutrients in the adult diet extends lifespan across a diverse range of species, but less is known about the long-term effects of developmental dietary restriction. In particular, it is not known whether adult lifespan is influenced by developmental caloric restriction or macronutrient balance. We used the nutritional geometry approach to independently manipulate protein and carbohydrate contents of the larval diet in the neriid fly, Telostylinus angusticollis, and measured adult lifespan. We found that adult male and female lifespan was shortest when larvae were fed a protein restricted diet. Thus, protein restriction in the larval diet has the opposite effect of protein restriction in the adult diet (which prolongs life in this species and across a wide range of taxa). Adult lifespan was unaffected by larval dietary carbohydrate. These patterns persisted after controlling for larval diet effects on adult body size. We propose that larval and adult protein sources are used for distinct metabolic tasks: during development, dietary protein is used to build a durable soma that enhances adult lifespan, although excessive protein consumption partially reverses this effect.
Case 2
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Pua Bradley B , Aguado Allison , Madoff David C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a case from the Venous Access section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Case 12
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Pua Bradley B , Aguado Allison , Madoff David C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a case from the Biopsy section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Case 26
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Pua Bradley B , Aguado Allison , Madoff David C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a case from the Ablation section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Case 27
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Pua Bradley B , Aguado Allison , Madoff David C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a case from the Embolization section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Case 35
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Pua Bradley B. , Aguado Allison , Madoff David C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a case from the Embolization section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Case 39
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Pua Bradley B. , Aguado Allison , Madoff David C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a case from the Embolization section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Case 40
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Pua Bradley B. , Aguado Allison , Madoff David C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a case from the Embolization section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Case 42
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Pua Bradley B. , Aguado Allison , Madoff David C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a case from the Embolization section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Case 46
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Pua Bradley B. , Aguado Allison , Madoff David C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a case from the Genitourinary Intervention section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Case 48
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Pua Bradley B. , Aguado Allison , Madoff David C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a case from the Genitourinary Intervention section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Case 61
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Pua Bradley B , Aguado Allison , Madoff David C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a case from the Gastrointestinal/Biliary Intervention section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Case 63
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Pua Bradley B , Aguado Allison , Madoff David C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a case from the Venous Intervention section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Case 64
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Pua Bradley B , Aguado Allison , Madoff David C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a case from the Venous Intervention section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Case 65
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Pua Bradley B , Aguado Allison , Madoff David C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a case from the Venous Intervention section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Case 71
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Pua Bradley B , Aguado Allison , Madoff David C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a case from the Venous Intervention section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Case 77
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Pua Bradley B , Aguado Allison , Madoff David C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a case from the Arterial Intervention section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Case 79
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Pua Bradley B , Aguado Allison , Madoff David C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a case from the Arterial Intervention section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Case 99
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Pua Bradley B , Aguado Allison , Madoff David C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a case from the Drainage section of Interventional Radiology Cases. The specific content of each case and its diagnosis are necessarily hidden from this abstract. Each case contains case history, followed immediately by the diagnosis, which is supported with findings, differential diagnosis, teaching points, management, and further reading suggestions.
Pretibial laceration
Authors: Bhanderi Neel , Cantle Fleur , Dheansa Balj 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis chapter provides a discussion of the challenges facing the emergency physician when dealing with an elderly patient with a pretibial laceration. The assessment of such wounds and a classification system for these injuries is presented.It examines the evidence base for three key clinical questions: the use of sterile water verses tap water for irrigation;the best method for closure of such wounds; and the potential benefits of early skin grafting. A potential management algorithm is presented and criteria for referral to a plastic surgeon discussed. The concept of skin-tear risk prevention is introduced.
Headache
Authors: McLeod Katie , Hobart Andrew 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This chapter provides a discussion of the challenges facing the emergency physician dealing with patients presenting with a range of headaches and an exploration of the necessary history and examination and the stratification of higher imaging and further diagnostics such as lumbar puncture.
It examines the evidence base for three key clinical questions; what is the best analgesia for each headache type, the role of lumbar puncture after CT in suspected subarachnoid haemorrhage and an overview of the alternative potential diagnoses for a ‘sudden-onset severe’ headache.
Back pain
Authors: Neill Andrew , Lasoye T. J. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This chapter provides a discussion of the challenges facing the emergency physician dealing with a patient presenting with acute back pain. It describes an overview of the range of potential differential diagnoses and the history, examination and investigation profiles required. It focuses on identifying the red flags that require investigation and then the consideration of analgesia and imaging modalities.
It examines the evidence base for three key clinical questions: the use of plain imaging in atraumatic back pain; the consideration of whether there is an analgesia hierarchy; and finally whether MRI can be performed on an urgent outpatient basis.
US agricultural support programs and ethanol policies effects on farmland values and rental rates
Authors: Kropp Jaclyn , Peckham Janet G. 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– In recent years, prices for prime farmland have increased substantially, begging the question is the dramatic increase the result of a speculative bubble or consistent with market fundamentals with increases driven by increased global demand, low interest rates, and recent changes to US agricultural and energy policies. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impacts of recent agricultural support policies and ethanol policies on farmland values and rental rates.

Design/methodology/approach
– Farm-level Agricultural Resource Management Survey data collected by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) between 1998 and 2008 as well as county-level data collected by the USDA, US Census Bureau, and Bureau of Economic Analysis are used to determine the impacts of recent agricultural support policies and ethanol policies on farmland values and rental rates, while controlling for parcel characteristics and urban pressure. Specifically, weighted ordinary least squares and two-stage least squares are used to investigate the impact of various governmental agricultural support policies, corn ethanol facilities location, and local corn ethanol production capacity on farmland values and rental rates.

Findings
– The results indicate that government payments, urban pressure, and the proximity of the parcel to an ethanol facility have a positive impact on both farmland values and rental rates. More specifically, parcels located in the same county as at least one corn ethanol facility are more valuable and command higher rental rates. In addition, county-level ethanol production capacity is positively associated with farmland values and rental rates. An inverse relationship between distance of the parcels from an ethanol facility and farmland values is also found; a similar result is found for rental rates.

Research limitations/implications
– The findings suggest that agricultural support payments and ethanol policies are capitalized into farmland values. These findings have important implications for the formulation of future farm policy. A limitation of the analyses is that farmland values are estimated by landowners; future research could utilize farmland transaction data to overcome potential biases generated by using landowner estimates. In addition, while our study period covers 11 years, future research could expand the time period further to analyze the effect of more recent agricultural and ethanol policies.

Originality/value
– This paper extends prior research pertaining to factors influencing farmland values and rental rates by also examining the proximity of the parcel to an operating ethanol facility using a unique data set.
Enhancing food security with Islamic microfinance: insights from some recent experiments
Authors: Obaidullah Mohammed 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– Islamic microfinance institutions (IsMFIs) have used diverse models and tools, as they seek to provide financial and non-financial support to the farming communities. A majortity of IsMFIs focus on provision of micro-credit to farmers alone as a means to enhance food security, following an approach similar to that of the conventional microfinance institutions. Others adopt a “finance-plus” approach and provide support in a multitude of areas other than finance, such as, technology, production, marketing, business development, capacity building, and thus, ultimately steering the project to success. The purpose of this paper is to examine the models and tools of Islamic agricultural finance for the rural poor that display major variations and draw lessons from a policy perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study undertakes a comprehensive review of the principles, modes and models of Islamic agricultural finance targeted at small-holder farmers. It uses a case study method to review several winning initiatives by IsMFIs across the globe. It highlights the various risks and challenges confronting the projects and how the same are sought to be mitigated.

Findings
– Islamic agricultural finance for the rural poor involves a range of modes, mechanisms and institutional structures. Credit-based and sharing-based modes work well under specific conditions and there is no one-size-fits-all solution for financing the rural poor. Case studies of successful initiatives reveal that composite models involving the integration of philanthropy-based, not-for-profit as well as for-profit components may provide ideal solutions. Additional factors critical for success include provision of safety nets, involvement of community, non-financial support in a multitude of areas other than finance, such as, technology, procurement, production, marketing, business development and institutional capacity building.

Originality/value
– The paper addresses a fundamental issue in financing the poor farmers in Muslim societies – whether to opt for a credit-based approach that would ensure greater outreach or to go for a holistic intervention involving financing of the entire value chain. The findings are based on personal interaction of the author with professionals directly involved in the projects.