bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomistic Modeling of Alumina/Epoxy Adhesion
Authors: Mackenzie F.O. Valega , Thijsse B. J. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTIn this work we report a specialized reactive force field (ReaxFF) developed for the study of alumina/epoxy interfaces. Force field parameters were obtained by fitting the reactions of small clusters and separate components of epoxies on alumina surfaces in the alpha phase. We also introduce a procedure to obtain crosslinked epoxies based on a proximity criterion to drive reactions and induce crosslinking. Properties of the resulting polymer, like the coefficient of thermal expansion, are found to be of the same order of magnitude as in experiments. Molecular dynamics was used to calculate the adhesion between these polymers and different alumina surfaces: Al2O3-deficient, Al-terminated, O-terminated, 12% and 75% hydroxylated. Typical values for strong adhesion are about 0.70 J/m2 which compare well with previously reported works. The role of defects is also studied.
Plasmonic nanoparticle enhanced and extended performance of Light-sensitive nanocrystal skins
Authors: Akhavan Shahab , Gungor Kivanc , Demir Hilmi Volkan 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTWe report on light-sensitive nanocrystal skin (LS-NS) platforms composed of monolayer visible nanocrystals (NCs) on top of bilayers of polyelectrolyte polymers. These LS-NS devices are operated on the principle of photogenerated potential buildup, unlike common photodetectors that operate on the basis of charge collection. The resulting devices are as highly sensitive as common photosensors, despite utilizing a monolayer of NCs and requiring no applied external bias. In this device architecture, using only a single NC monolayer also allows to reduce noise current generation. This LS-NS platform is highly stable under ambient conditions with fully sealed NC monolayer, promising for low-cost large-area UV/visible sensing applications. However, such visible NC based LS-NS devices exhibit limited performance in the long wavelength range due to the low optical absorption of these NCs (e.g., CdTe NCs) in this spectral range. Here, to enhance the device sensitivity, incorporating silver nanoparticles into LS-NS is proposed and demonstrated. For that, the optical absorption of CdTe monolayer NCs in the LS-NS devices is increased using the embedded silver nanostructures. With plasmon coupling, we observe a 2.6-fold enhancement factor in the photosensitivity around the localized surface plasmonic resonance peak of the nanostructures. Higher sensitivity improvement is also obtained at longer wavelengths. To predict the enhancement in the sensitivity of the LS-NS, numerical simulations are performed and the simulation results are found to agree well with the experimental data. Plasmonically enhanced LS-NS hold great promise for large-area photosensing applications extending from UV to IR including windows and facades of smart buildings.
Salt Tolerance of 74 Turfgrass Cultivars in Nutrient Solution Culture
Authors: Friell Joshua , Watkins Eric , Horgan Brian 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTTurfgrass may experience significant salt stress due to poor water quality, insufficient leaching, or exposure to environmental contaminants. Establishment of salt‐tolerant turfgrass cultivars is one possible method of mitigating the effects of salts in irrigation water or the soil environment. The objective of this research was to evaluate the relative salt tolerance of cool‐season turfgrasses in a controlled environment using digital image analysis. Six replications of 74 cool‐season turfgrasses were established using recommended seeding rates in 10.16‐cm by 10.16‐cm pots of silica sand for 12 wk, and suspended in two 760‐L tubs of half‐strength Hoagland solution. Following an adaptation period, all pots were exposed to salinity levels of 4, 14, and 24 dS m−1 successively, each for 2 wk. Digital images were collected after each exposure level using a custom light box, and analyzed for percent green tissue. Cultivars of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) were found to be most salt tolerant, with ‘Wolfpack II’ and ‘Jaguar 4G’ performing best after the 14 and 24 dS m−1 exposure levels, respectively. Many fine fescue entries performed well, including slender creeping red fescues (Festuca rubra L. ssp. litoralis) ‘Sealink’, ‘Seabreeze GT’, and ‘Shoreline’. Trial entries found to have consistent salt tolerance at all levels may be used to guide recommendations for turfgrass managers and breeders and have potential for use in salt‐tolerant mixtures.
Harvest Timing Affects Switchgrass Production, Forage Nutritive Value, and Nutrient Removal
Authors: Kering Maru K. , Guretzky John A. , Interrante Sindy M. , Butler Twain J. , Biermacher Jon T. , Mosali Jagadeesh 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTSwitchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) has potential for both bioenergy and forage. The objectives of this experiment were to (i) determine whether switchgrass could be harvested for greater nutritive value during the vegetative stage relative to early reproductive growth (boot stage); (ii) compare biomass yields of switchgrass harvested once vs. twice per year for bioenergy; and (iii) examine effects of N fertilizer rates on harvest systems. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with a split‐plot arrangement of harvest system treatments as main plot (harvest once per year after frost, harvest twice per year first at vegetative or boot stage, and regrowth after frost) and N fertilizer rate as subplots (0, 90, 180, and 270 kg N ha−1). Biomass yield was greatest and nutrient concentrations were least in the one‐cut system. For the two‐cut system, nutritive values and yields were similar. Total annual biomass increased linearly with N fertilization. Across N rates, crude protein (CP) concentration for the two‐cut systems was 50% greater (71 g kg−1) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentrations were 20% lesser (465 and 856 g kg−1, respectively) than switchgrass in the one‐cut system. –Switchgrass harvested at vegetative through boot stage and its regrowth could provide forage of acceptable nutritive value to beef cows. However, greater nutrient removal requires appropriate soil fertility evaluation and fertilizer management for sustainable yields.
Seed Safening from Herbicidal Injury in Switchgrass Establishment
Authors: Rushing J. Brett , Baldwin Brian S. , Taylor Alan G. , Owens Vance N. , Fike John H. , Moore Ken J. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTWeed control during the establishment year of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is critical for a successful stand. Laboratory and field studies were conducted for 2 yr to evaluate the effectiveness of seed safeners for protecting switchgrass seed from the preemergent herbicide metolachlor. Initial evaluations of six seed safeners determined that fluxofenim was the only successful protectant tested for switchgrass seedling germination. Safener rates 0, 25, 50, and 100% of the recommended rate (40 mg a.i. 100 g per seed), method of application (coating vs. controlled hydration), ecotype (lowland vs. upland), dry matter yield, and number of crowns per row were analyzed in replicated field trials conducted in Starkville, MS, Ames, IA, Blacksburg, VA, and Brookings, SD, in a randomized complete block design. Two establishment years were planted in single‐row (6.1 m) plots spaced 50.8 cm apart. Subsequent biomass yield was harvested at the end of each growing season. Exceptional stands were achieved with all rates of safener in both years due to the reduction or elimination of annual grassy weeds and no crop injury was experienced at any test location. The controlled hydration (combination of 25, 50, or 100% fluxofenim) method resulted in significantly greater yields and crown counts than the coating technique at most locations for both years.
Do Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) in the United States Understand that HIV Serodiscordance is Possible?
Authors: Wagenaar Bradley H. , Grabbe Kristina L. , Stephenson Rob , Khosropour Christine M. , Sullivan Patrick S. 
Published: May 2013

Background
Little is currently known about the extent to which US MSM understand the possibility that a long-term sex partner can have an HIV status different than one’s own status. This information is important in the adaptation of Couples Voluntary HIV Counseling and Testing (CVCT) for US MSM.

Methods
428 US MSM completed an online survey using MySpace.com from March-April, 2009.

Results
Of 426 MSM with complete data, 21.1% (90) were not definitively aware that serodiscordance is possible. Factors associated with a lack of understanding that serodiscordance is possible were: never having tested for HIV (OR: 2.0; CI: 1.1, 3.8), compared to testing 0-6 months previously and having a high school education or less (OR: 2.2; CI: 1.1, 4.5), compared to men who had completed at least some college.

Conclusions
A large proportion of young, internet-using MSM in the United States may not understand that HIV serodiscordance is possible within sexual partnerships. Based on these results, we recommend that CVCT provided to male couples in the United States should include education on HIV serodiscordance.
Effect of body position on indirect measurement of systolic arterial blood pressure in dogs
Authors: Rondeau Danielle A. , Mackalonis Megan E. , Hess Rebecka S. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Objective—To determine whether a difference existed in Doppler ultrasonographic measurements of systolic arterial blood pressure (SAP) in sitting versus laterally recumbent dogs and to determine the degree of variability in measurements made in each position.
Design—Diagnostic test evaluation.
Animals—51 healthy or sick adult dogs, without recent sedation or anesthesia and with an SAP ≤ 300 mm Hg.
Procedures—In a crossover design, SAP was measured via Doppler ultrasonography when dogs were sitting (on hind limbs with nonmeasured forelimb bearing weight) and laterally recumbent, with the cuff position at the level of the right atrium for both positions. Seven measurements were obtained per position for each dog.
Results—Mean ± SD SAP was significantly higher in the sitting (172.1 ± 33.3 mm Hg) versus recumbent (147.0 ± 24.6 mm Hg) position, and this difference was evident for 44 of 51 (86%) dogs. The mean difference in measured SAP between the 2 positions was 25.1 ± 28.5 mm Hg. Blood pressure measurements had a significantly higher repeatability in the recumbent position than in the sitting position.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Blood pressure measurements in dogs were significantly affected by body position, and they were higher for most dogs when sitting rather than laterally recumbent. Blood pressure measurements in the laterally recumbent body position were less variable than in the sitting position.
Prevalence of inherited disorders among mixed-breed and purebred dogs: 27,254 cases (1995–2010)
Authors: Bellumori Thomas P. , Famula Thomas R. , Bannasch Danika L. , Belanger Janelle M. , Oberbauer Anita M. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Objective—To determine the proportion of mixed-breed and purebred dogs with common genetic disorders.
Design—Case-control study.
Animals—27,254 dogs with an inherited disorder.
Procedures—Electronic medical records were reviewed for 24 genetic disorders: hemangiosarcoma, lymphoma, mast cell tumor, osteosarcoma, aortic stenosis, dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, mitral valve dysplasia, patent ductus arteriosus, ventricular septal defect, hyperadrenocorticism, hypoadrenocorticism, hypothyroidism, elbow dysplasia, hip dysplasia, intervertebral disk disease, patellar luxation, ruptured cranial cruciate ligament, atopy or allergic dermatitis, bloat, cataracts, epilepsy, lens luxation, and portosystemic shunt. For each disorder, healthy controls matched for age, body weight, and sex to each affected dog were identified.
Results—Genetic disorders differed in expression. No differences in expression of 13 genetic disorders were detected between purebred dogs and mixed-breed dogs (ie, hip dysplasia, hypo- and hyperadrenocorticism, cancers, lens luxation, and patellar luxation). Purebred dogs were more likely to have 10 genetic disorders, including dilated cardiomyopathy, elbow dysplasia, cataracts, and hypothyroidism. Mixed-breed dogs had a greater probability of ruptured cranial cruciate ligament.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Prevalence of genetic disorders in both populations was related to the specific disorder. Recently derived breeds or those from similar lineages appeared to be more susceptible to certain disorders that affect all closely related purebred dogs, whereas disorders with equal prevalence in the 2 populations suggested that those disorders represented more ancient mutations that are widely spread through the dog population. Results provided insight on how breeding practices may reduce prevalence of a disorder.
The Role of Dietitians in Providing Guidance: On the Use of Natural Health Products
Authors: Mihalynuk Tanis , Whiting Susan 
Published: May 2013

Purpose: Dietitians are experts on nutrition, and yet much uncertainty remains about their readiness and capacity to address a rapidly evolving marketplace of novel foods, nutrients, and nutrient-like substances (i.e., natural health products [NHPs]), which are available to consumers. In 2011, we conducted a qualitative examination of current thinking on the scope of practice, as well as barriers to and facilitators of dietitians’ role as experts in providing guidance on NHP use. Methods: We sought rich descriptions of existing and future dietetic competencies with NHPs. We therefore conducted six focus groups. Participants were 18 dietitians practising in rural settings and 21 practising in urban settings of Atlantic Canada. Results: Themes identified included people, products, and information; future education and training underlay these themes. The “food first” philosophy of dietetics practice was a primary convergent theme, the consensus being that NHPs can be used for select populations, lifestyles, and health conditions. The less food-related the NHP, the more divergent opinions were on specific competencies and scope of practice; focus group participants often referred to the importance of “doing no harm” and evidence-based practice. Conclusions: Dietitians’ achievement of competency in providing guidance on NHPs will require core, consistent, and crossdisciplinary information and competencies, as well as enhanced integrative practice models.
Sur l'emploi particulier d'un démonstratif chez Jean
Authors: Delebecque Édouard 
Published: May 2013

On trouve souvent chez Jean, dans les épîtres comme dans l'évangile, une formule grecque qui lui est propre, le démonstratif οΰτος (généralement sous la forme εν τούτω) suivi de
ἵνα ou de ὅτι, l'un et l'autre complétifs. Jean la réserve à l'annonce d'explications sur des problèmes majeurs de l'enseignement de Jésus. La formule qui a servi à Jésus parlant à ses disciples se retrouve chez Jean écrivant pour les siens.
Development and characterization of microsatellite markers for the medicinal plant Smilax brasiliensis (Smilacaceae) and related species
Authors: Martins Aline R. , Abreu Aluana G. , Bajay Miklos M. , Villela Priscilla M. S. , Batista Carlos E. A. , Monteiro Mariza , Alves‐Pereira Alessandro , Figueira Glyn M. , Pinheiro José B. , Appezzato‐da‐Glória Beatriz , Zucchi Maria I. 
Published: May 2013

• Premise of the study: A new set of microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed for Smilax brasiliensis, which is popularly known as sarsaparilla and used in folk medicine as a tonic, antirheumatic, and antisyphilitic. Smilax brasiliensis is sold in Brazilian pharmacies, and its origin and effectiveness are not subject to quality control.• Methods and Results: Using a protocol for genomic library enrichment, primer pairs were developed for 26 microsatellite loci and validated in 17 accessions of S. brasiliensis. Thirteen loci were polymorphic and four were monomorphic. The primers successfully amplified alleles in the congeners S. campestris, S. cissoides, S. fluminensis, S. goyazana, S. polyantha, S. quinquenervia, S. rufescens, S. subsessiliflora, and S. syphilitica.• Conclusions: The new SSR markers described herein are informative tools for genetic diversity and gene flow studies in S. brasiliensis and several congeners.
Characterization of microsatellite loci in Castilleja sessiliflora and transferability to 24 Castilleja species (Orobanchaceae)
Authors: Fant Jeremie B. , Weinberg‐Wolf Hannah , Tank David C. , Skogen Krissa A. 
Published: May 2013

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite primers were developed in the hemiparasitic perennial forb Castilleja sessiliflora to investigate patterns of gene flow and genetic diversity within and among populations.• Methods and Results: Twelve polymorphic loci were identified in C. sessiliflora and tested on three populations (32 individuals each) sampled across the range of the species. The loci amplified di‐ and trinucleotide repeats with 3–14 alleles per locus. To assess cross‐amplification, primer pairs were also tested on 24 additional Castilleja species that represent the morphological and geographic diversity of the genus. We provide reports of their effectiveness in all 25 taxa.• Conclusions: These results indicate the utility of these primers in C. sessiliflora for future studies of genetic structure and gene flow, as well as their widespread applicability in other members of the diverse and complex genus Castilleja.
Pluralistic ambiance and urban socialisation
Authors: Milliot Virginie 
Published: May 2013

Dans cet article nous proposons de décrire l’ambiance d’un des plus vieux quartiers cosmopolites de Paris : la Goutte d’Or. Nous analyserons les ressorts de la vie publique qui s’est fixée dans cet espace malgré trente ans de politique de « rénovation urbaine ». Ce quartier fonctionne comme une centralité, un nœud de réseaux pour les mondes de l’immigration et la rue y est transformée en espace de sociabilité et d’activités économiques informelles. C’est à la fois un espace de ressourcement culturel et une scène « cosmo-politique » populaire, un univers pluraliste en tension. Nous étudierons les rassemblements spontanés qu’occasionne quotidiennement le spectacle de la rue, la dynamique de communication et de « concernement » générée par cette vie publique. Nous verrons que cette ambiance est une forge pluraliste où se focalisent des attentions, se décentrent des opinions, se redéfinissent des seuils, une forge où se cristallise une diversité de publics mutuellement concernés par ce qu’ils peuvent ou non partager.
The Social Epidemiology and Burden of Malaria in Bali Nyonga, Northwest Cameroon
Authors: Pemunta N. V. 
Published: May 2013

Malaria is an infectious disease caused by the anopheles mosquito that kills at least one million people in Sub-Saharan Africa every year, leading to human suffering and enormous economic loses. This paper examines the complex web of cultural, poor socio-economic conditions and environmental factors for the prevalence of malaria in Bali Nyonga. The study outlines and assesses the multiple notions of malaria causation with dirty environment (80.76%) and the mosquito (76.92%) as the leading causes. Other causes are poor hygiene (46.15%), impure sources of portable water (23.08%), malnutrition (15.38%), witchcraft (11.54%), human-vector contact (34.61%),and palm wine drinking (32.69%).It reveals that any effective management of malaria must be based on an understanding of traditional cultural views and insights concerning the cause, spread and treatment of the disease, as well as gender roles within a given community since women bear a greater burden of the disease than men. This study further underscores the need to incorporate folk theories of disease causation, gender and malaria issues into malaria control strategies in order to improve their coverage and effectiveness in different contexts.
University Internet cafés: One more cup of information for the road
Authors: Tanyeri Tayfun , Cuhadar Cem , Kiyici Mübin , Coklar Ahmet Naci 
Published: May 2013

Internet cafés have become main centers for information access in Turkey. Recently universities have started their own Internet cafés. The purpose of this study was to identify how students used Internet cafés in universities and the problems they faced when using these cafés. Basicly, Turkish university students used Internet cafés for academic activities; they found the service fees rather high.
Internet cafés sind Hauptzentren für Informationen–Zugang in der Türkei geworden. Heutzutage haben alle Universitäten begonnen ihre Internetcafés zu öffnen. Der Zweck dieses Forschung–Studiums sollte identifizieren, wie Universität–Studenten Internet cafés in ihrer Universität benutzen und mit welchen Problemen sie konfrontiert sind, als sie den Internet benutzen. Das Hauptergebnis zeigte, daß die türkischen Studenten die Internetcafés für akademische Aktivitäten verwenden und sie fanden die Service-Gebühren ganz hoch. Die Studie versucht, aufzuzeigen, wie die Zunkunft der Internetcafes in der Türkei wohl aussehen wird.
DiPP and eLanguage: Two cooperative models for open access
Authors: Puschmann Cornelius , Reimer Peter 
Published: May 2013

This article describes the development, deployment and ongoing use of two collaborative platforms for the publication of peer&#150;reviewed, open access, academic e&#150;journals and the different organizational environments towards which each system is tailored. The two projects presented here, DiPP [1] and eLanguage [2], are examples of different approaches to electronic publishing: the first being a regional publishing cooperative, the second a disciplinary one [3]. Our description includes the technical specifications of the DiPP platform, which is an extension of the Plone [4] content management system and Fedora [5], and eLanguage, which is based on the Public Knowledge Project's Open Journal Systems (OJS) [6] and the blogging platform Wordpress [7]. The authors hope to convincingly illustrate how very specific factors &#151; both technical and cultural &#151; shape the requirements of those who work with different publishing products and that these factors must be carefully reviewed when building a publishing cooperative. We also wish to emphasize the importance of bringing together researchers, scholarly societies and libraries in a joint effort to create the ideal environment for open access. Scholarly societies in particular can act as influential stewards for the proliferation of open access due to their reach and the trust they enjoy, and therefor bringing them aboard is of critical importance [8].

Notes

1. See http://www.dipp.nrw.de/.

2. See http://elanguage.net/.

3. We owe the term publishing cooperative to Raym Crow of SPARC, who held a presentation outlining the concept at the First PKP Scholarly Publishing Conference in Vancouver on 12 July 2007. The presentation slides are available at http://pkp.sfu.ca/ocs/pkp2007/index.php/pkp/1/paper/view/79/33. See also Raym Crow, 2006. &#147;Publishing cooperatives: An alternative for non&#150;profit publishers,&#148; Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resource Coalition (SPARC) Discussion Paper, at http://www.arl.org/sparc/publications/papers.html; see also version in First Monday, volume 11, number 9 (September), at http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue11_9/crow/.

4. See http://plone.org/.

5. See http://www.fedora&#150;commons.org/. Note that this repository system is not to be confused with the Linux distribution of the same name.

6. See http://pkp.sfu.ca/?q=ojs.

7. See http://wordpress.org/.

8. See Veltrop (2003) and Waltham (2006) for a discussion of open access in relation to scholarly societies.