bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pentoxifylline‐tocopherol‐clodronate combination: A novel treatment for osteoradionecrosis of the temporal bone
Authors: Glicksman Jordan T. , Khalili Sammy , Fung Kevin , Parnes Lorne S. , Agrawal Sumit K. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundOsteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the temporal bone is a complication of radiation therapy that is extremely challenging to manage.MethodsWe report the case of a patient treated at our institution and present a review of the literature.ResultsA 52‐year‐old woman presented with ORN of the temporal bone 20 years after radiation therapy for an ipsilateral parotid tumor. She failed conservative management, including serial debridements, oral and topical antibiotics/antifungals, and aural lavage. As an alternative to hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and/or temporal bone resection, treatment with pentoxifylline‐tocopherol‐clodronate combination (PENTOCLO) was pursued and her condition improved dramatically.ConclusionThis is the first document use of PENTOCLO to treat ORN of the temporal bone. PENTOCLO may represent an effective nonsurgical management option for ORN of the temporal bone. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: E191–E193, 2015
An interchangeable role for kainate and metabotropic glutamate receptors in the induction of rat hippocampal mossy fiber long‐term potentiation in vivo
Authors: Wallis James L. , Irvine Mark W. , Jane David E. , Lodge David , Collingridge Graham L. , Bortolotto Zuner A. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTThe roles of both kainate receptors (KARs) and metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in mossy fiber long‐term potentiation (MF‐LTP) have been extensively studied in hippocampal brain slices, but the findings are controversial. In this study, we have addressed the roles of both mGluRs and KARs in MF‐LTP in anesthetized rats. We found that MF‐LTP could be induced in the presence of either GluK1‐selective KAR antagonists or group I mGluR antagonists. However, LTP was inhibited when the group I mGluRs and the GluK1‐KARs were simultaneously inhibited. Either mGlu1 or mGlu5 receptor activation is sufficient to induce this form of LTP as selective inhibition of either subtype alone, together with the inhibition of KARs, did not inhibit MF‐LTP. These data suggest that mGlu1 receptors, mGlu5 receptors, and GluK1‐KARs are all engaged during high‐frequency stimulation, and that the activation of any one of these receptors alone is sufficient for the induction of MF‐LTP in vivo. © 2015 The Authors Hippocampus Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Protein‐ and Peptide‐directed Approaches to Fluorescent Metal Nanoclusters
Authors: Hu Yihui , Guo Wenjing , Wei Hui 
Published: March 2015

AbstractFluorescent metal nanoclusters (FMNCs), one of the promising functional nanomaterials, have aroused great interest in diverse areas due to their unique characteristics, such as ultrasmall size, high fluorescence, excellent photophysical and chemical stability, good biocompatibility, and tuneable emissions. Many methods have been developed to prepare the FMNCs. Among them, the biomolecule‐directed approach, which could produce FMNCs with high water‐solubility, good biocompatibility, enhanced fluorescence, and rich surface chemistry for conjugation has attracted enormous attention. In this review, we highlight the substantial progress in protein‐ and peptide‐directed approaches to varieties of FMNCs. The synthetic protocols and potential formation mechanisms are well summarized. Selected key applications, ranging from biological and chemical detection to cellular and in vivo imaging, are also discussed. Finally, the current challenges, as well as future perspectives, are briefly discussed. The lessons from these case studies would provide a valuable guide to designing nanomaterials with desired or even personalized functions in the future.
Personality and social networks in organizations: A review and future directions
Authors: Landis Blaine 
Published: March 2015

SummaryRecent research linking individuals' personality characteristics to their social networks has brought a new understanding of how individual patterns of behavior affect networks in organizations. This review summarizes the major advancements in the three areas of social network research relevant to organizational behavior: (a) brokerage and structural holes; (b) network centrality and network size; and (c) strength of ties. This review also provides an agenda outlining three key opportunities for future research. These opportunities involve personality and social network change, bidirectional and dyadic processes, and the potential effect of network position on personality expression. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cognitive Predictors and Risk Factors of PTSD Following Stillbirth: A Short‐Term Longitudinal Study
Authors: Horsch Antje , Jacobs Ingo , McKenzie‐McHarg Kirstie 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis short‐term longitudinal study investigated cognitive predictors and risk factors of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in mothers following stillbirth. After a stillbirth at ≥ 24 weeks gestational age, 65 women completed structured clinical interviews and questionnaires assessing PTSD symptoms, cognitive predictors (appraisals, dysfunctional strategies), and risk factors (perceived social support, trauma history, obstetric history) at 3 and 6 months. PTSD symptoms decreased between 3 and 6 months (Cohen's d ranged .34–.52). Regression analyses also revealed a specific positive relationship between Rumination and concurrent frequency of PTSD symptoms (β = .45). Negative Self‐View and Negative World‐View related positively and Self‐Blame related negatively to concurrent number of PTSD symptoms (β = .48, .44, −.45, respectively). Suppression and Distraction predicted a decrease and Numbing predicted an increase in time‐lagged number of PTSD symptoms (β = −.33, −.28, .30, respectively). Risk factors for PTSD symptoms were younger age (β = −.25), lower income (β = −.29), fewer previous pregnancies (β = −.31), and poorer perceived social support (β = −.26). Interventions addressing negative appraisals, dysfunctional strategies, and social support are recommended for mothers with PTSD following stillbirth. Knowledge of cognitive predictors and risk factors of PTSD may inform the development of a screening instrument.
Synthesis and Self‐Assembly of Polyisobutylene Based Thermoresponsive Diblock Copolymers via Combination of Cationic and RAFT Polymerizations
Authors: Bauri Kamal , Li Ren , Faust Rudolf , De Priyadarsi 
Published: March 2015

SummaryBy the combination of living carbocationic and reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerizations, a series of well‐defined amphiphilic diblock copolymers composed of polyisobutylene (PIB) and poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (POEGMA) were successfully synthesized. First, cationic polymerization of isobutylene (IB) followed by chain end functionalization gave PIB‐macro chain transfer agent, which was subsequently used for block copolymerization with oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (OEGMA). Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) confirmed successful and efficient block copolymerzation. The thermoresponsive behaviour of block copolymer aqueous solutions was determined by UV‐vis spectroscopy. These block copolymers self‐assembled into spherical core‐shell nanostructures in an aqueous solution as evidenced by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Multi‐Component Protein – Protein Docking Based Protocol with External Scoring for Modeling Dimers of G Protein‐Coupled Receptors
Authors: Kaczor Agnieszka A. , Guixà‐González Ramon , Carrió Pau , Poso Antti , Dove Stefan , Pastor Manuel , Selent Jana 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn order to apply structure‐based drug design techniques to GPCR complexes, it is essential to model their 3D structure. For this purpose, a multi‐component protocol was derived based on protein‐protein docking which generates populations of dimers compatible with membrane integration, considering all reasonable interfaces. At the next stage, we applied a scoring procedure based on up to eleven different parameters including shape or electrostatics complementarity. Two methods of consensus scoring were performed: (i) average scores of 100 best scored dimers with respect to each interface, and (ii) frequencies of interfaces among 100 best scored dimers. In general, our multi‐component protocol gives correct indications for dimer interfaces that have been observed in X‐ray crystal structures of GPCR dimers (opsin dimer, chemokine CXCR4 and CCR5 dimers, κ opioid receptor dimer, β1 adrenergic receptor dimer and smoothened receptor dimer) but also suggests alternative dimerization interfaces. Interestingly, at times these alternative interfaces are scored higher than the experimentally observed ones suggesting them to be also relevant in the life cycle of studied GPCR dimers. Further results indicate that GPCR dimer and higher‐order oligomer formation may involve transmembrane helices (TMs) TM1‐TM2‐TM7, TM3‐TM4‐TM5 or TM4‐TM5‐TM6 but not TM1‐TM2‐TM3 or TM2‐TM3‐TM4 which is in general agreement with available experimental and computational data.
Acute‐onset chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: An electrodiagnostic study
Authors: Anadani Mohammad , Katirji Bashar 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Acute‐onset chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (A‐CIDP) is an increasingly recognized CIDP subtype. Differentiating A‐CIDP from Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is challenging but important, because there are different treatment outcomes. Methods: We report 3 patients with A‐CIDP who were initially diagnosed with severe GBS but were later confirmed to have CIDP based on their clinical course and electrodiagnostic (EDx) studies. We also report on the long‐term treatment of these patients and review the literature on EDx studies in this syndrome. Results: Three patients were initially diagnosed with GBS and responded to treatment. However, all 3 had arrest in improvement or deterioration during their rehabilitation phases. EDx studies showed prominent demyelinating changes many months after the initial presentation. All responded very well to immunotherapy. Conclusion: Although several features may suggest the diagnosis of A‐CIDP at initial presentation, close follow‐up of GBS patients during the recovery phase is also needed for accurate diagnosis. EDx studies may distinguish patients with A‐CIDP from GBS patients. Muscle Nerve 52: 900–905, 2015
Time‐space PGD for the rapid solution of 3D nonlinear parametrized problems in the many‐query context
Authors: Néron David , Boucard Pierre‐Alain , Relun Nicolas 
Published: March 2015

SummaryThis work deals with the question of the resolution of nonlinear problems for many different configurations in order to build a ‘virtual chart’ of solutions. The targeted problems are three‐dimensional structures driven by Chaboche‐type elastic‐viscoplastic constitutive laws. In this context, parametric analysis can lead to highly expensive computations when using a direct treatment. As an alternative, we present a technique based on the use of the time‐space proper generalized decomposition in the framework of the LATIN method. To speed up the calculations in the parametrized context, we use the fact that at each iteration of the LATIN method, an approximation over the entire time‐space domain is available. Then, a global reduced‐order basis is generated, reused and eventually enriched, by treating, one‐by‐one, all the various parameter sets. The novelty of the current paper is to develop a strategy that uses the reduced‐order basis for any new set of parameters as an initialization for the iterative procedure. The reduced‐order basis, which has been built for a set of parameters, is reused to build a first approximation of the solution for another set of parameters. An error indicator allows adding new functions to the basis only if necessary. The gain of this strategy for studying the influence of material or loading variability reaches the order of 25 in the industrial examples that are presented. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proton therapy for pediatric and adolescent esthesioneuroblastoma
Authors: Lucas John T. , Ladra Matthew M. , MacDonald Shannon M. , Busse Paul M. , Friedmann Alison M. , Ebb David H. , Marcus Karen J. , Tarbell Nancy J. , Yock Torunn I. 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundEsthesioneuroblastoma (EN) of the paranasal sinus comprises less than 3% of tumors of in pediatric and adolescent patients [1]. The collective adult literature indicates a critical role for radiotherapy in attaining cure [2], yet pediatric outcome data is limited. Radiation in pediatric patients with EN can cause significant morbidity due to the proximity of critical structures. Proton radiotherapy offers a potential dosimetric benefit that may improve long‐term survival and toxicity outcomes in the pediatric population [3].MethodsWe retrospectively identified eight patients treated for EN with proton radiotherapy from 2000‐2013. Times to event clinical endpoints are summarized using the Kaplan–Meier methods and are from the date of radiotherapy completion. Toxicities are reviewed and graded according to CTCAE v. 4.0.ResultsMedian follow up was 4.6 years for survivors (range 0.8–9.4 years). The 4 year overall survival was 87.5%. Four of eight patients (one elective) had comprehensive neck radiotherapy. No local or regional failures were observed. Two patients failed distantly with diffuse leptomeningeal disease and intraparenchymal brain metastases, at 0.6 and 1.3 months respectively. Four patients developed radiation related late toxicities including endocrine dysfunction, two cases of grade 2 retinopathy and one case of grade 3 optic neuropathy.ConclusionsIn a limited cohort, proton radiotherapy appears to provide excellent locoregional disease control even in those patients with locally advanced disease and intracranial extension. Distant failure determined overall survival in our cohort. Toxicities were acceptable given disease location and extent. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:1523–1528. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Radiologic resolution of malignant infantile osteopetrosis skeletal changes following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Hashemi Taheri Amir Pejman , Radmard Amir Reza , Kooraki Soheil , Behfar Maryam , Pak Neda , Hamidieh Amir Ali , Ghavamzadeh Ardeshir 
Published: March 2015

IntroductionHematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only known curative treatment of malignant infantile osteopetrosis (MIOP). In this study, short‐term serial bone surveys were used to assess radiologic evolution of skeletal changes after HSCT in MIOP.Materials and MethodsBaseline whole‐body bone survey was performed in all patients. HSCT was successful in 14 patients (11 with full chimerism, three with mixed chimerism) in whom follow‐up bone surveys were carried out at 6 and 12 months after HSCT.ResultsNormal corticomedullary differentiation was evident in five (P = 0.06) and 12 (P < 0.005) patients at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Abnormal endobone appearance in long bones, present in 11 participants at baseline exam, disappeared in eight (P = 0.008) and all (P = 0.001) patients at 6 and 12 months, respectively. In 6‐month follow‐up, rachitic changes significantly disappeared (P < 0.01) in long bones; however, they were evident in ribs of 12 patients (P = 0.50). No patient had rickets in ribs or long bones after 12 months.ConclusionWe observed considerable resolution of MIOP skeletal changes after HSCT in all patients with either full or mixed chimerism. Rachitic changes in long bones, attenuated corticomedullary differentiation, and endobone appearance were the first to resolve. We propose using single long bone plain x‐ray to demonstrate short‐term skeletal response to HSCT. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:1645–1649. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of higher energy collisional dissociation and collision‐induced dissociation MS/MS sequencing methods for identification of naturally occurring peptides in human urine
Authors: Pejchinovski Martin , Klein Julie , Ramírez‐Torres Adela , Bitsika Vasiliki , Mermelekas George , Vlahou Antonia , Mullen William , Mischak Harald , Jankowski Vera 
Published: March 2015

PurposeThe aim of this study is to determine the best fragmentation method for sequence identification of naturally occurring urinary peptides in the field of clinical proteomics.Experimental designWe used LC‐MS/MS analysis of urine samples to determine the analytical performance of higher energy collisional dissociation (HCD), CID with high and low resolution MS/MS for the identification of naturally occurring peptides in the low molecular weight urinary proteome.ResultsHCD and CID high‐resolution generated a 22% error rate in peptide sequence identifications. CID low‐resolution showed significantly higher error rates (37%). Excluding the error rate (i.e rejection of cysteine‐containing peptides), we observed a higher degree of overlap between HCD and CID high resolution for identification of peptide sequences of rank 1 and cross‐correlation ≥ 1.9 (262 peptide sequences) compared to CID low (208 peptide sequences with HCD and 192 peptide sequences with CID high). Reproducibility of detected peptides in three out of the five replicates was also higher in HCD and CID high in relation to CID low resolution.Conclusion and clinical relevanceOur data demonstrated that HCD and CID high‐resolution performed with better accuracy and reproducibility than CID low resolution in respect to the identification of naturally occurring urinary peptide sequences.
An in vitro analysis of separation of multi‐use ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next instruments in extracted mandibular molar teeth
Authors: Ertas Huseyin , Capar Ismail Davut 
Published: March 2015

SummaryThis study investigated the separation incidence of reused ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next rotary instruments and identified the location of separated fragments. The root canals of extracted human mandibular molars were prepared with 10 assorted sets of ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next instruments. After each preparation, instrument sets were autoclaved. This arrangement was repeated until an instrument fractured. The number of prepared teeth until fracture occurred was recorded for each instrument set. Teeth in which the instruments fractured were analyzed to determine the separation grade, apical relation, and coronal position. Fracture surfaces of the instruments were examined with scanning electron microscope. ProTaper Universal instruments fractured after application to a mean of 7.3 teeth, and ProTaper Next instruments after application to a mean of 5.7 teeth (p > 0.05). In the ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next groups, F2 and X1 were the most commonly fractured instruments, respectively. Torsional and cyclic failures were evenly distributed in both the groups. The mean lengths of the fractured fragments of the instruments showed no statistically significant difference. The distance between the tip of the fractured instruments and apical constriction was similar (p > 0.05). However, the mean distance between the root canal orifice and coronal part of the fractured instrument was shorter in the ProTaper Next group (p < 0.05). The life span of ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next instruments was the same for preparation of mandibular molar teeth. None of the instruments were fractured in the first usage. SCANNING 37:270–276, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Non‐linear analysis of shear‐critical reinforced concrete beams using the softened membrane model
Authors: Kassem Wael 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA method of analysis for predicting the shear strength and behaviour of shear‐dominated reinforced concrete beams is presented in this paper. The proposed model is based on the softened membrane model that accounts for the Poisson's effect on the behaviour of reinforced concrete beams subjected to the combined effect of shear and flexure. The softened membrane model is appealing for modelling the shear behaviour of concrete elements as it is based on solid mechanics of materials fundamentals. The accuracy of the proposed mathematical model was validated against the experimental results of 66 reinforced concrete elements tested under pure shear as well as 167 shear‐dominated RC beams available in the literature. Analysis results showed that the proposed model could satisfactorily predict the shear strength as well as the entire shear stress‐shear strain behaviour of shear‐dominated beams.
The Priority Principle
Authors: BAILEY ANDREW M. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT:Some philosophers say that you do not think in the primary or nonderivative sense. Rather, they say some item distinct from you (perhaps one of your parts or something of which you are a part) does your thinking for you; you inherit your mental life from that item. In this paper, I argue that this is a mistake. We do not inherit our thoughts in this way.
Debunking Biased Thinkers (Including Ourselves)
Authors: BALLANTYNE NATHAN 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT:Most of what we believe comes to us from the word of others, but we do not always believe what we are told. We often reject thinkers’ reports by attributing biases to them. We may call this debunking. In this essay, I consider how debunking might work and then examine whether, and how often, it can help to preserve rational belief in the face of disagreement.
On Spinoza's ‘Free Man’
Authors: NADLER STEVEN 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT:In this paper, I examine Spinoza's ‘model of human nature’ in the Ethics, and especially his notion of the ‘free man’. I argue that, contrary to usual interpretations, the free man is not an individual without passions and inadequate ideas but rather an individual who is able consistently to live according to the guidance of reason. Therefore, it is not an impossible and unattainable ideal or incoherent concept, as has often been claimed, but a very realizable goal for the achievement of human well-being.
SOME QUESTIONS ABOUT THE PROBLEM OF THE PROBLEM OF INDUCTION
Authors: Cariani Fabrizio 
Published: March 2015

White advances two central claims. The first is that a version of the problem of induction involves the reliability principle.
Reliability principle: If S considers whether the methods or rules she followed in concluding P are reliable, and she is not justified in believing that they are reliable, then she is not justified in believing P.
ARGUMENTATION AND THE SOCIAL SIGNIFICANCE OF REASONS
Authors: Rysiew Patrick 
Published: March 2015

AbstractJennifer Nagel suggests that Mercier and Sperber’s argumentative theory of reasoning can shed light on “why we commonly think of perceptually and testimonially supported judgments as justified despite feeling worried, on reflection, that only what is internally available can justify”. While I agree that there is indeed a natural path (or paths) from the argumentative theory to this asymmetry, and instability, in our epistemic judgments, I am not sure that it is quite the one that Nagel identifies. Having registered some reservations about Nagel’s account, I make an alternative suggestion as to how the argumentative theory might help to explain the naturalness of the relevant judgments.