bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding and Assessing Data-Driven Efficiencies Claims
Authors: Stucke Maurice E , Grunes Allen P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter analyses the significant procompetitive efficiencies that emerge from data-driven mergers. As companies undertake data-driven business strategies, one might expect them to raise data-driven efficiencies. Big Data and data-driven network effects can be characterized as entry barriers or efficiencies. An enforcement agency may characterize the need to continually update a significant volume and variety of data as an entry barrier. The merging parties on the other hand may characterize the combining of the volume and variety of their data, and the increase in the velocity in processing data as a procompetitive efficiency, enabling them to deliver value to consumers, such as better quality products. The chapter evaluates several potential data-driven efficiencies, using the three criteria employed in the US and EU, namely whether the efficiencies benefit consumers, are merger-specific, and are verifiable.
Enhancing Prehospital Care During the Conflict in Ukraine: NATO’s Role in Global Health Engagement
Authors: Onderková Anna , Quinn John , Meoli Michael , Taylor Daniel , Nesterenko Sergiy , Schramm Jessica M , Gimpelson A J , O’Kelly Aebhric , Parks Steven , Rizek Jamla , Davis Terri , Surkov Denys , Cherniawski Bohdan , Fernando Rajeev 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The conflict in Ukraine, ongoing since 2014 and escalating with the Russian invasion in 2022, has unveiled profound challenges in prehospital care essential for the survival and recovery of warfighters and civilians alike, necessitating a detailed examination of the current medical response mechanisms and their effectiveness.

Materials and Methods
This study provides an overview of these challenges and examines how these critical vulnerabilities have impacted the delivery of medical care in war-torn regions. It also explores the role of NATO and its member states in addressing these challenges, focusing on the efforts to standardize prehospital care, enhance training, and foster interoperability among medical services. Furthermore, it explores the role of global heath engagement through NGOs in addressing these prehospital care gaps within the Ukrainian conflict zone, drawing from direct observations, expert testimonials, and secondary data.

Results
Findings reveal significant enhancements in prehospital care through improved training, interoperability, and logistics management, despite ongoing challenges in medical infrastructure and extended evacuation times, which continue to impact the quality of care.

Conclusions
The study underscores the critical role of international collaboration and standardized protocols in bolstering prehospital medical responses in conflict settings, highlighting the need for continuous adaptation and support to mitigate the complexities of modern warfare. The insights gained from the Ukraine conflict offer valuable lessons for future military and humanitarian medical responses in similar conflict settings.
Relation between hydroxychloroquine dose and continuation rate in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Takeyama Shuhei , Kono Michihito , Aso Kuniyuki , Kamada Kazuro , Tada Maria , Tarumi Masato , Kosumi Yui , Yoshimura Masaru , Ninagawa Keita , Hisada Ryo , Fujieda Yuichiro , Kato Masaru , Amengual Olga , Atsumi Tatsuya 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is recommended at a target dose of 5 mg/kg per actual body weight to reduce the risk of retinopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the efficacy of HCQ has been established at doses of 6.5 mg/kg per ideal body weight. This study aimed to clarify the effects of the HCQ dose on the continuation rate in Japanese patients, who generally have a lower body mass index than Western patients.

Methods
This retrospective single-centre observational study enrolled patients with SLE on HCQ therapy. Patients were divided into two groups with a dose per actual body weight [the low-dose (&lt;5 mg/kg) group and the high-dose (≥5 mg/kg) group], and continuation rates were compared. The efficacy of 1-year HCQ therapy was assessed in patients without additional immunosuppressive agents and biologics.

Results
Of the 231 patients enrolled, 48 (20.8%) discontinued HCQ. The HCQ dose per actual body weight was identified as an independent risk factor for discontinuation. The low-dose group showed a significantly higher 1-year HCQ continuation rate than the high-dose group (83.2% vs. 72.8%, respectively). Both groups showed reductions in glucocorticoid requirement and serological activity after 1-year HCQ therapy.

Conclusions
HCQ &lt;5 mg/kg per actual body weight may facilitate greater continuation.
Despite regional variation, Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus (Pinyon Jay) densities generally increase with local pinyon–juniper cover and heterogeneous ground cover
Authors: Van Lanen Nicholas J , Monroe Adrian P , Aldridge Cameron L 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Traditionally, local-scale habitat relationship models are developed over small spatial extents, limiting model transferability and inference outside the study area. Thus, habitat managers frequently lack fine-scale information regarding the influence of vegetation composition and structure on site suitability or species abundance. Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus (Pinyon Jay) represents one declining species for which managers have limited information regarding the influence that vegetation composition and structure have on abundance at broad scales. To address this need, we developed a hierarchical Bayesian abundance model using summertime bird and vegetation data collected under the Integrated Monitoring in Bird Conservation Regions program to explain jay abundance as a function of local conditions. Our G. cyanocephalus abundance model allowed abundance relationships with pinyon pine (Pinus edulis and P. monophylla) and juniper (Juniperus spp.) to vary by ecoregion, thereby accounting for potential regional differences in habitat associations. We found G. cyanocephalus abundance was generally positively associated with pinyon pine and juniper cover; however, habitat relationships varied by ecoregion. Additionally, we found positive associations between jay abundance and grass cover, sagebrush cover, and percent bare ground. Our results agree with prior research suggesting mechanical removal of pinyon pine and juniper trees for sagebrush restoration or fuel treatments may negatively affect G. cyanocephalus. Managers wishing to reduce pinyon and juniper tree cover without negatively affecting G. cyanocephalus may benefit from targeting sites where both large-scale distribution models and our local habitat relationships suggest G. cyanocephalus are likely to occur in low numbers. Additionally, our modeled relationships indicate restoration that increases grass cover, sagebrush cover, and bare ground, while maintaining pinyon and (or) juniper cover, may lead to increased local densities of G. cyanocephalus.
Reduced representation sequencing reveals weak genetic differentiation between Canadian and European Larus hyperboreus (Glaucous Gull)
Authors: Lachance Linklater Emma , Sonsthagen Sarah A , Robertson Gregory J , Colston-Nepali Lila , Vigfúsdóttir Freydís , Friesen Vicki L 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Climate change poses a significant threat to Arctic ecosystems. Evaluation of genetic diversity within and differentiation among populations is needed to effectively conserve Arctic species and ensure genetic variation is appropriately managed. This research examined the population genetic structure in Larus hyperboreus (Glaucous Gull), a circumpolar Arctic species that is declining in parts of its range. Population genetic information is needed to help delineate management units, including information on genetic differences among related species, among subspecies (currently distinguished by subtle morphometric and plumage differences), and among colonies in North America. We conducted double-digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing for 62 L. hyperboreus, 18 L. argentatus smithsonianus (American Herring Gull), 6 L. a. argentatus (European Herring Gull), and 15 L. glaucescens (Glaucous-winged Gull) sampled across the Canadian and European Arctic. Interspecific analyses using 2,145 loci were unable to distinguish between all members of this species complex. Despite the geographic distance among sampling locations, molecular assignments and principal coordinates analyses based on 621 loci uncovered only weak population genetic differentiation among sampled European and Canadian colonies of L. hyperboreus. As L. hyperboreus occupying the eastern Canadian Arctic appears to be acting as a single panmictic population, conservation plans that protect Arctic habitat may help slow or reverse population declines. Proactive conservation strategies will benefit both L. hyperboreus and associated coastal Arctic ecosystems.
Promoting γ-aminobutyric acid accumulation to enhances saline-alkali tolerance in tomato
Authors: Wang Jingrong , Zhang Yong , Wang Junzheng , Ma Fang , Wang Linyang , Zhan Xiangqiang , Li Guobin , Hu Songshen , Khan Abid , Dang Haoran , Li Tianlai , Hu Xiaohui 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Saline-alkali stress is a widely distributed abiotic stress that severely limits plant growth. γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) accumulates rapidly in plants under saline-alkali stress, but the underlying molecular mechanisms and associated regulatory networks remain unclear. Here, we report a MYB-like protein, I-box binding factor (SlMYBI), which positively regulates saline-alkali tolerance through induced GABA accumulation by directly modulating the glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) gene SlGAD1 in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Overexpression of SlGAD1 increased GABA levels and decreased reactive oxygen species accumulation under saline-alkali stress, while silencing of SlGAD1 further suggested that SlGAD1 plays an active role in GABA synthesis and saline-alkali tolerance of tomato. In addition, we found that SlMYBI activates SlGAD1 transcription. Both overexpression of SlMYBI and editing of SlMYBI using CRISPR–Cas9 showed that SlMYBI regulates GABA synthesis by modulating SlGAD1 expression. Furthermore, the interaction of SlNF-YC1 with SlMYBI enhanced the transcriptional activity of SlMYBI on SlGAD1 to further improve saline-alkali tolerance in tomato. Interestingly, we found that ethylene signaling was involved in the GABA response to saline-alkali stress by RNA-seq analysis of SlGAD1-overexpressing lines. This study elucidates the involvement of SlMYBI in GABA synthesis regulation. Specifically, the SlMYBI–SlNF-YC1 module is involved in GABA accumulation in response to saline-alkali stress.
Endogenous dynamics of denunciation: Evidence from an inquisitorial trial
Authors: Estévez José Luis , Salihović Davor , Sgourev Stoyan V 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe develop an endogenous approach to the practice of denunciation, as an alternative to exogenous historical and sociological accounts. It analyzes denunciation as a response to increasing pressure, which in turn increases pressure on social contacts. The research context is the trial of Waldensians in Giaveno, Italy, in 1335, headed by the inquisitor Alberto de Castellario. A dynamic network actor model attests that coercive pressure not only raises the rate of denunciation but also compels denouncers to implicate individuals who are socially closer to them. We find that coercive pressure starts yielding diminishing returns relatively quickly, with the degree of redundancy of information escalating as a result of preferential attachment, increasingly targeting those already denounced by others, publicly announced suspects, and those having absconded from the trial.
Diminished GALNS activity in induced pluripotent stem cells of mucopolysaccharidosis IVA caused by compound p.S162Y and p.C165F mutation
Authors: Jiang X , Chen S , Jiang Z , Chen D , Chen H , Bai G , Yu L , Chen W 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) IVA is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding the galactosamine (N-acetyl)-6-sulfatase (GALNS) enzyme. Children with MPS IVA usually develop pectus carinatum, genu valgum and multiple skeletal abnormalities.

Aim
To establish a patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) disease model to investigate the effects of two GALNS missense mutations.

Methods
The medical history and clinical manifestations of a patient with MPS IVA were first inspected. The effects of the identified GALNS mutations were predicted through bioinformatic analysis. iPSCs were then generated by using Sendai virus to introduce Yamanaka reprogramming factors to urinary cells isolated from the patient. The pluripotency, karyotypic integrity, genetic mutations and differentiation ability of the iPSCs were tested. The effects of the GALNS mutations were further experimentally characterized using patient-derived cells.

Results
The patient exhibited a typical MPS IVA phenotype. Enzyme replacement therapy could not correct her skeletal abnormalities. GALNS c.485C&gt;A (p.S162Y) and c.494G&gt;T (p.C165F) mutations, inherited from her father and mother, respectively, were identified in the patient. These two mutations were predicted to disturb the hydrophobic core of the GALNS catalytic domain. Patient-derived iPSCs were successfully generated, and further characterization indicated that the two missense mutations significantly diminished GALNS activity without affecting its amount at both the RNA and protein levels.

Conclusions
We established a novel clinically relevant MPS IVA disease model that will be useful not only for investigating the pathogenic mechanisms of MPS IVA variants but also for drug screening and preclinical evaluation of novel therapies.
Optimizing epilepsy treatment: the impact of circadian rhythms and medication timing on conversion rates and survival
Authors: Cheng N , Liu J , Kan X , Wang J , Hui Z , Chen J 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The progression from isolated seizures to status epilepticus (SE) is a critical clinical issue. This study explores the influence of circadian rhythms on this transition and assesses the impact of medication timing on SE conversion rates and patient survival.

Aim
To determine the circadian patterns in the transition from isolated seizures to SE and to evaluate the efficacy of medication timing in reducing this conversion and improving survival outcomes.

Design and Methods
Utilizing the eICU Collaborative Research Database v2.0, a retrospective analysis was performed on patients at risk of SE conversion. The study analyzed the correlation between SE conversion timing and AEDs administration in relation to circadian rhythms, using a Logit model to evaluate the impact of medication timing on SE conversion and survival.

Results
The transition from isolated seizures to SE showed distinct circadian patterns, with a delayed acrophase. Early night-time AEDs administration significantly reduced conversion rates. Medication timing also influenced survival rates, with higher survival during specific periods.

Conclusion
Circadian rhythms significantly affect the transition from isolated seizures to SE. Timely AEDs administration is crucial for reducing conversions and improving survival. A chronotherapeutic approach aligning AEDs administration with individual circadian vulnerabilities could advance epilepsy management in ICU settings. Future research should focus on personalized medication strategies that utilize circadian rhythms to optimize treatment effects.
Bounded cohomology and homotopy colimits
Authors: Raptis George 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
The comparison map from bounded cohomology to singular cohomology plays an important role in the study of bounded cohomology theory and its applications. The vanishing and covering theorems of Gromov and Ivanov show interesting and useful properties of the comparison map under appropriate assumptions. We discuss an approach to these theorems, based on the general homotopy-theoretic properties of the comparison map, and obtain new proofs and refined versions of these results.
The Value of ETF Liquidity
Authors: Khomyn Marta , Putniņs̆ Tālis , Zoican Marius 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We analyze how ETFs compete. Drawing on a new model and empirical analysis, we show that ETF secondary market liquidity plays a key role in determining fees. More liquid ETFs for a given index charge higher fees and attract short-horizon investors who are more sensitive to liquidity than to fees. Higher turnover from these investors sustains the ETF’s high liquidity, allowing the ETF to extract a rent through its fee, and creating a first-mover advantage. Liquidity segmentation through clientele effects generates welfare losses. Our findings resolve the apparent paradox that higher-fee ETFs not only survive but also flourish in equilibrium.
“Where is Home?” Perceptions of Home and Future among Ukrainian Refugees in Norway
Authors: Oleksandra Deineko , Aasland Aadne 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article illuminates how Ukrainian refugees residing in Norway perceive “home” in spatial and temporal dimensions. By synthesising the “here and there” dichotomy with the concept of “home constellations”, the authors elaborate a theoretical scheme illustrating the nuanced and multifaceted notions of home that emerged during interviews conducted with Ukrainian refugees in Norway in 2022–2023. The variety of home notions reveals at least four possible scenarios of interactions between “home A” and “home B”: (1) Home “where I am from” (home A in Ukraine); (2) Home “where I am now” (home B in Norway); (3) Double home (both home A and home B); (4) Absence of home (no home). This article shows that Ukrainian refugees’ “homing desire” to create, feel, and believe in a home existing in the present serves to overcome the multilevel uncertainties of the future caused by the temporary nature of collective protection and the unknown prospects of a safe return to their homeland.
Pupil dilation reflects the social and motion content of faces
Authors: Ricou Camille , Rabadan Vivien , Mofid Yassine , Aguillon-Hernandez Nadia , Wardak Claire 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Human facial features (eyes, nose, and mouth) allow us to communicate with others. Observing faces triggers physiological responses, including pupil dilation. Still, the relative influence of social and motion content of a visual stimulus on pupillary reactivity has never been elucidated. A total of 30 adults aged 18–33 years old were recorded with an eye tracker. We analysed the event-related pupil dilation in response to stimuli distributed along a gradient of social salience (non-social to social, going from objects to avatars to real faces) and dynamism (static to micro- to macro-motion). Pupil dilation was larger in response to social (faces and avatars) compared to non-social stimuli (objects), with surprisingly a larger response for avatars. Pupil dilation was also larger in response to macro-motion compared to static. After quantifying each stimulus’ real quantity of motion, we found that the higher the quantity of motion, the larger the pupil dilated. However, the slope of this relationship was not higher for social stimuli. Overall, pupil dilation was more sensitive to the real quantity of motion than to the social component of motion, highlighting the relevance of ecological stimulations. Physiological response to faces results from specific contributions of both motion and social processing.
The tissue virome of black-spotted frogs reveals a diversity of uncharacterized viruses
Authors: Li Chenxi , Hu Yazhou , Liu Yuhang , Li Nan , Yi Le , Tu Changchun , He Biao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Amphibians are an essential class in the maintenance of global ecosystem equilibrium, but they face serious extinction risks driven by climate change and infectious diseases. Unfortunately, the virus diversity harbored by these creatures has been rarely investigated. By profiling the virus flora residing in different tissues of 100 farmed black-spotted frogs (Rana nigromaculata) using a combination of DNA and RNA viromic methods, we captured 28 high-quality viral sequences covering at least 11 viral families. Most of these sequences were remarkably divergent, adding at least 10 new species and 4 new genera within the families Orthomyxoviridae, Adenoviridae, Nodaviridae, Phenuiviridae, and Picornaviridae. We recovered five orthomyxovirus segments, with three distantly neighboring two Chinese fish-related viruses. The recombination event of frog virus 3 occurred among the frog and turtle strains. The relative abundance and molecular detection revealed different tissue tropisms of these viruses, with the orthomyxovirus and adenoviruses being enteric and probably also neurotropic, but the new astrovirus and picornavirus being hepatophilic. These results expand the spectrum of viruses harbored by anurans, highlighting the necessity to continuously monitor these viruses and to investigate the virus diversity in a broader area with more diverse amphibian species.
Discordance between mitochondrial, nuclear, and symbiont genomes in aphid phylogenetics: who is telling the truth?
Authors: Jousselin Emmanuelle , Coeur d’acier Armelle , Clamens Anne-Laure , Galan Maxime , Cruaud Corinne , Barbe Valérie , Manzano-Marín Alejandro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Aphids (Aphididae) are intensively studied due to their significance as pests and their captivating biological traits. Despite this interest, the evolutionary history of this insect family is poorly understood. Recent phylogenomic analyses have produced conflicting topologies, complicating our understanding of aphid trait evolution. In this work, we aimed to unravel the backbone phylogeny of aphids. We sequenced partial and whole mitochondrial genomes from 87 species. We additionally sequenced 42 nuclear loci across 95 aphid species and sourced 146 genes from 12 new and 61 published genomes from aphid obligate endosymbiont, Buchnera aphidicola. We obtained data from these three sources for a subset of aphid species, facilitating a comparative analysis of their signal. Our analyses confirm the monophyly of most subfamilies, validating current taxonomic classifications. However, relationships between subfamilies remain contentious in both mitochondrial and nuclear phylogenies. The topologies obtained with Buchnera are fully resolved but disagree with host phylogenies at deep evolutionary scales and conflict with views on the evolution of aphid morphology. We discuss alternative hypotheses for these discrepancies. Finally, the paucity of phylogenetic information at deep timescales may stem from an initial rapid radiation. Though challenging to establish, this scenario may inherently hinder resolution in aphid phylogenetics.