bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatially extensive microbial biogeography of the Indian Ocean provides insights into the unique community structure of a pristine coral atoll
Authors: Jeffries Thomas C. , Ostrowski Martin , Williams Rohan B. , Xie Chao , Jensen Rachelle M. , Grzymski Joseph J. , Senstius Svend Jacob , Givskov Michael , Hoeke Ron , Philip Gayle K. , Neches Russell Y. , Drautz-Moses Daniela I. , Chénard Caroline , Paulsen Ian T. , Lauro Federico M. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMicroorganisms act both as drivers and indicators of perturbations in the marine environment. In an effort to establish baselines to predict the response of marine habitats to environmental change, here we report a broad survey of microbial diversity across the Indian Ocean, including the first microbial samples collected in the pristine lagoon of Salomon Islands, Chagos Archipelago. This was the first large-scale ecogenomic survey aboard a private yacht employing a ‘citizen oceanography’ approach and tools and protocols easily adapted to ocean going sailboats. Our data highlighted biogeographic patterns in microbial community composition across the Indian Ocean. Samples from within the Salomon Islands lagoon contained a community which was different even from adjacent samples despite constant water exchange, driven by the dominance of the photosynthetic cyanobacterium Synechococcus. In the lagoon, Synechococcus was also responsible for driving shifts in the metatranscriptional profiles. Enrichment of transcripts related to photosynthesis and nutrient cycling indicated bottom-up controls of community structure. However a five-fold increase in viral transcripts within the lagoon during the day, suggested a concomitant top-down control by bacteriophages. Indeed, genome recruitment against Synechococcus reference genomes suggested a role of viruses in providing the ecological filter for determining the β-diversity patterns in this system.
A Plasmonic Spanner for Metal Particle Manipulation
Authors: Zhang Yuquan , Shi Wei , Shen Zhe , Man Zhongsheng , Min Changjun , Shen Junfeng , Zhu Siwei , Urbach H. Paul , Yuan Xiaocong 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTypically, metal particles are difficult to manipulate with conventional optical vortex (OV) tweezers, because of their strong absorption and scattering. However, it has been shown that the vortex field of surface plasmonic polaritons, called plasmonic vortex (PV), is capable of stable trapping and dynamic rotation of metal particles, especially those of mesoscopic and Mie size. To uncover the different physical mechanisms of OV and PV tweezers, we investigated the force distribution and trapping potential of metal particles. In OV tweezers the stronger scattering force causes a positive potential barrier that repels particles, whereas in PV tweezers the dominant gradient force contributes to a negative potential well, resulting in stably trapped particles. Compared with OV, the orbital angular momentum of PV produces an azimuthal scattering force that rotates the trapped particles with more precise radius and position. Our results demonstrate that PV tweezers are superior in manipulation of metal particles.
Religion, Politics, and Economic Development
Authors: Marshall Katherine 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This article explores the interrelationships among religion, politics, and economic development, with emphasis on the transnational dimensions of religious interactions with development institutions and thinking. It highlights the disconnects and tensions between the worlds of development and faith, as well as their synergies. It shows how the political dimensions of religious and development politics take very different forms in different parts of the world by citing the experiences of a number of countries such as the Philippines, Guatemala, Kenya, Morocco, and Cambodia. The focus is on the role of religion in international relations and in the broader politics of development. Two major religious actors that are especially visible and have a major transnational influence are the Catholic Church and Islam. The article also considers events that have opened eyes and doors on how faith and development are intertwined, particularly the HIV and AIDS pandemic.
Organizing for Prosperity
Authors: Keefer Philip 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The ability of citizens to act collectively plays a central role in major debates in the political economy of development, including the causes and consequences of democratization and clientelism. This article uses two lines of research to underscore the importance of explicitly introducing the organization of collective action into these debates. Exhaustive research on the management of open access resources demonstrates that citizens’ ability to act collectively depends on nontrivial organizational arrangements that allow leaders to sanction free-riding and allow members to replace leaders if they shirk. Other research demonstrates wide variability in the organization of political parties. In countries where political parties do not have these two organizational characteristics, public policies are less friendly to economic development. This evidence suggests that, in future research on democracy, state-building, and development, citizen organization should be an explicit object of analysis.
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Treatment of Severe, Recurrent, and Refractory Clostridium difficile Infection in a Severely Immunocompromised Patient
Authors: Ramay Fariha H. , Amoroso Anthony , von Rosenvinge Erik C. , Saharia Kapil 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Information on the safety of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) among immunocompromised patients with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is limited, and some have recommended avoiding FMT in this population. We report a case of severe, refractory CDI in an orthotopic heart transplant recipient with pre-existing CD4 lymphopenia. Our experience suggests that FMT can be safe and effective in treating CDI in immunocompromised patients with acute illness.
Growth and Tolerance of Preterm Infants Fed a New Extensively Hydrolyzed Liquid Human Milk Fortifier
Authors: Kim Jae H. , Chan Gary , Schanler Richard , Groh‐Wargo Sharon , Bloom Barry , Dimmit Reed , Williams Larry , Baggs Geraldine , Barrett‐Reis Bridget 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTObjectives:This study was a comparison of growth and tolerance in premature infants fed either standard powdered human milk fortifier (HMF) or a newly formulated concentrated liquid that contained extensively hydrolyzed protein.Methods:This was an unblinded randomized controlled multicenter noninferiority study on preterm infants receiving human milk (HM) supplemented with 2 randomly assigned HMFs, either concentrated liquid HMF containing extensively hydrolyzed protein (LE‐HMF) or a powdered intact protein HMF (PI‐HMF) as the control. The study population consisted of preterm infants ≤33 weeks who were enterally fed HM. Infants were studied from the first day of HM fortification until day 29 or hospital discharge, whichever came first.Results:A total of 147 preterm infants were enrolled. Noninferiority was observed in weight gain reported in the intent‐to‐treat (ITT) analysis was 18.2 and 17.5 g · kg−1 · day−1 for the LE‐HMF and PI‐HMF groups, respectively. In an a priori defined subgroup of strict protocol followers (n = 75), the infants fed LE‐HMF achieved greater weight over time than those fed PI‐HMF (P = 0.036). The LE‐HMF group achieved greater linear growth over time compared to the PI‐HMF (P = 0.029). The protein intake from fortified HM was significantly higher in the LE‐HMF group compared with the PI‐HMF group (3.9 vs 3.3 g · kg−1 · day−1, P < 0.0001). Both fortifiers were well tolerated with no significant differences in overall morbidity.Conclusions:Both fortifiers showed excellent weight gain (grams per kilograms per day), tolerance, and low incidence of morbidity outcomes with the infants who were strict protocol followers fed LE‐HMF having improved growth during the study. These data point to the safety and suitability of this new concentrated liquid HMF (LE‐HMF) in preterm infants. Growth with this fortifier closely matches the recent recommendations for a weight gain of >18 g · kg−1 · day−1.
Value co-creation and stakeholder complexity: what strategy can learn from churches
Authors: Grandy Gina , Levit Tatiana 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to extend understandings of the demand-side view of strategy and how organizations co-create value with stakeholders. Through an iterative process of theory development, data collection, data analysis and writing, the authors propose a value co-creation perspective that more fully takes into account stakeholder complexity.Design/methodology/approach– The empirical data derives from a wider exploratory study on value creation and competitive advantage in Christian churches in Canada. Here the authors explore one case study from that wider study and analyze interviews with church members and leaders.Findings– The authors discuss two mutually constitutive processes of value co-creation, building a culture of community and enacting relational and shared leadership.Research limitations/implications– The authors propose a stakeholder-complex understanding of value creation where stakeholders can enact multiple roles, often simultaneously, in co-creation and where products/services are consumed for their symbolic, rather than material value. Further, co-creation may involve ongoing interactions and value creation can occur in non-monetary transactions.Originality/value– The authors offer, through an empirical exploration of a religious organization, an illustrative account of how value co-creation might be tied to stakeholder complexity. This study stretches the boundaries of mainstream strategy research by challenging two fundamental assumptions: that stakeholder roles must be distinct and that “value” must be clearly defined and explicitly linked to exchange value.
Assessment of myometrial invasion in endometrial cancer using three‐dimensional ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Christensen Julie W. , Dueholm Margit , Hansen Estrid S. , Marinovskij Edward , Lundorf Erik , Ørtoft Gitte 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIntroductionPreoperative knowledge of myometrial invasion in endometrial cancer is important for surgical planning. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic efficiency of two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS) with and without saline infusion (SIS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessment of myometrial invasion in endometrial cancer.Material and methods110 women with atypical endometrial hyperplasia or endometrial adenocarcinoma underwent preoperative 2D‐ and 3D‐TVS with and without SIS and MRI. Offline 3D‐TVS measurement was performed of the minimal tumor‐free margin in relation to myometrial thickness expressed as deep (≥50%) myometrial invasion and subjective impression of cervix involvement. The quality of images was also evaluated. Diagnostic efficiencies were calculated for myometrial and cervical involvement for each method. The pathologist's final diagnosis served as the reference standard.ResultsFor myometrial involvement, MRI showed greater accuracy than 3D‐TVS or 2D‐TVS (83, 71 and 75%, respectively). The efficiency of 3D‐TVS was not superior to 2D‐TVS and did not improve with SIS. The sensitivities of 2D‐TVS and 3D‐TVS were similar to that of MRI, and the efficiency of 3D‐TVS improved when volumes of inadequate quality (39%) were excluded. For evaluating cervical involvement, the accuracy of 3D‐TVS was 85%, comparable to the results of 2D‐TVS (80%) and MRI (85%). The results did not improve when saline was added.Conclusion3D‐TVS or 3D‐SIS was not more efficient than 2D‐TVS or MRI for assessment of myometrial invasion in endometrial cancer. 3D‐TVS assessment without 2D‐TVS was impeded by difficulties in obtaining 3D‐TVS volumes of sufficient quality.
Introduction of macarpine as a novel cell‐permeant DNA dye for live cell imaging and flow cytometry sorting
Authors: Slaninová Iva , López‐Sánchez Noelia , Šebrlová Kristýna , Vymazal Ondřej , Frade José María , Táborská Eva 
Published: October 2015

Background InformationMacarpine (MA) is a quaternary benzophenanthridine plant alkaloid isolated from Macleaya microcarpa or Stylophorum lasiocarpum. Benzophenanthridine alkaloids are interesting natural products that display antiproliferative, antimicrobial, antifungal and anti‐inflammatory activities, and also fluorescence properties. In a previous study, we demonstrated that thanks to its ability to interact with DNA and its spectral properties MA could be used as a supravital DNA probe for fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry including analyses of the cell cycle. In this study, we evaluated the suitability of MA as a DNA dye for time‐lapse microscopy and flow‐cytometric cell sorting.ResultsLiving A‐375 and MEF cells stained with MA were monitored by time‐lapse microscopy for 24 h. Mitoses were observed at MA concentrations up to 0.5 μg/ml during the first 2–3 h. After this period of time, cells treated with MA at concentrations of 0.75 and 0.5 μg/ml underwent apoptosis. Cells cultivated with MA at concentration of 0.25 μg/ml or lower survived throughout the 24 h period. Toxicity of MA was dependent on light wavelength and frequency of image capturing. The intensity of MA fluorescence decreased during the incubation. MA concentration of 0.1 μg/ml was identified as the most suitable for live cell imaging with respect to fluorescence intensity and toxicity. MA at the concentration 10 μg/ml was used for sorting of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)‐labelled neurons and fibroblasts yielding profiles similar to those obtained with DRAQ5. Contrary to DRAQ5, MA‐stained cells survived in culture, and the sorted cells lost the MA signal suggesting reversible binding of the dye to the DNA.ConclusionThe results proved that MA may readily be used for chromosomes depicting and mitosis monitoring by time‐lapse microscopy. In addition, MA has shown to be a suitable probe for sorting of EGFP‐labelled cells, including neurons, that survived the labelling process.SignificanceIn consideration of the results, we highly anticipate an onward use of MA in a broad range of applications based on live cell sorting and imaging, for example, cell synchronisation and monitoring of proliferation as an important experimental and/or diagnostic utility.
Does the severity of disability matter? The opinion of parents about professional support in residential facilities
Authors: Luijkx J. , Ten Brug A. , Vlaskamp C. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundResearchers have shown that the characteristics of a person with an intellectual disability (ID), in particular the severity of the disability, are related to the outcomes of professional support. Hardly any studies have asked parents and/or legal guardians for their own opinion about the quality of support given to their child/family member with ID. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between the severity of a person's disability and the opinions voiced by the parents and/or other legal guardians of that person concerning several aspects of the quality of support received in residential care.MethodQuestionnaires were completed by 1058 parents and/or legal guardians of people with ID living in residential facilities. A multiple covariance analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between the severity of the disability and the parents' and/or legal guardians' opinions.ResultsOnly small differences in the opinions about the quality of support were observed between parents and/or legal guardians of people with mild to moderate ID and those of people with severe to profound ID.ConclusionThis study showed that there are differences in parental opinions about the quality of support, but that most of these differences are not related to the severity of disability. The only significant difference related to the severity of disability is on the leisure activities domain. Parents and/or legal guardians of a person with severe/profound ID were less satisfied with leisure activities than parents and/or legal guardians of persons with mild/moderate ID. It is important to determine to what other factors parental opinions are related, as these opinions concerning the quality of support are important measures alongside client self‐reports and measures of the facility itself. The quality of support should be measured using a combination of methods for different stakeholders.
Blocking autophagy enhances meloxicam lethality to hepatocellular carcinoma by promotion of endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Zhong Jingtao , Dong Xiaofeng , Xiu Peng , Wang Fuhai , Liu Ju , Wei Honglong , Xu Zongzhen , Liu Feng , Li Tao , Li Jie 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectivesMeloxicam, a selective cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) inhibitor, has been demonstrated to exert anti‐tumour effects against various malignancies. However, up to now, mechanisms involved in meloxicam anti‐hepatocellular carcinoma effects have remained unclear.Materials and methodsCell viability and apoptosis were assessed by CCK‐8 and flow cytometry. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy‐associated molecules were analysed by western blotting and immunofluorescence assay. GRP78 and Atg5 knock‐down by siRNA or chemical inhibition was used to investigate cytotoxic effects of meloxicam treatment on HCC cells.ResultsWe found that meloxicam led to apoptosis and autophagy in HepG2 and Bel‐7402 cells via a mechanism that involved ER stress. Up‐regulation of GRP78 signalling pathway from meloxicam‐induced ER stress was critical for activation of autophagy. Furthermore, autophagy activation attenuated ER stress‐related cell death. Blocking autophagy by 3‐methyladenine (3‐MA) or Atg5 siRNA knock‐down enhanced meloxicam lethality for HCC by activation of ER stress‐related apoptosis. In addition, GRP78 seemed to lead to autophagic activation via the AMPK–mTOR signalling pathway. Blocking AMPK with a chemical inhibitor inhibited autophagy suggesting that meloxicam‐regulated autophagy requires activation of AMPK.ConclusionsOur results revealed that both ER stress and autophagy were involved in cell death evoked by meloxicam in HCC cells. This inhibition of autophagy to enhance meloxicam lethality, suggests a novel therapeutic strategy against HCC.
A case of insulin allergy successfully managed using multihexamer‐forming insulin degludec combined with liraglutide
Authors: Fujishiro M. , Izumida Y. , Takemiya S. , Kuwano Y. , Takamoto I. , Suzuki R. , Yamauchi T. , Ueki K. , Kadowaki T. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundInsulin allergy, one of insulin's adverse effects, is rare, especially in patients with Type 2 diabetes, but management is difficult and no effective strategy has yet been established. We experienced an insulin allergy case successfully managed with a novel combination of insulins.Case reportA 38‐year‐old woman started insulin therapy when diabetes was diagnosed at age 19 years. Despite poorly controlled diabetes because of poor adherence, she hoped to conceive a child and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion was introduced using insulin aspart at age 32 years. One month thereafter, she developed skin reactions at the subcutaneous insulin infusion catheter insertion site. The patient was then tested for all rapid‐acting insulin formulations, all of which triggered local reactions. She decided to continue the continuous subcutaneous infusion of human regular insulin, accompanied by oral cetirizine hydrochloride and betamethasone valerate ointment. The patient was admitted to our hospital at age 38 years with high HbA1c levels. She was tested for all long‐acting insulin analogues. All results, except for insulin degludec, were positive. She discontinued continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and switched to insulin degludec combined with liraglutide. The allergic reactions had completely disappeared and her blood glucose was well controlled by the time of discharge.ConclusionOur patient was allergic to all insulin formulations except insulin degludec. Her allergic reactions completely disappeared after switching to insulin degludec. The crystallized structure of this insulin might mask its skin allergen antigenicity. Furthermore, her postprandial hyperglycaemia was successfully controlled with liraglutide. We propose multihexamer‐forming ultra‐long‐acting insulin plus glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogues as a therapeutic option for patients with insulin allergy.
The Relevance of Hans‐Georg Gadamer's Concept of Tradition to the Philosophy of Education
Authors: Leiviskä Anniina 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTIn this article, Anniina Leiviskä argues that the educational relevance of Hans‐Georg Gadamer's concept of tradition has remained unacknowledged because of the conservatism that has been associated with Gadamer's hermeneutics, particularly his notion of tradition. Therefore, Leiviskä seeks to reveal the reflective, nonconservative nature of Gadamer's concept of tradition in order to illuminate its significance with respect to the philosophy of education. Utilizing Gadamer's reinterpretation of the Aristotelian notion of phronesis, she outlines a concept of situated rationality that rests upon the idea of the historicity of human existence, and she suggests that this concept may be used to define a central aim of education. Leiviskä argues that instead of disengaged objectivity, rationality as phronesis stands for the reflective reappropriation of one's tradition, which is enabled by one's situatedness in history and requires encountering other horizons — including the horizons of the past — through which one may be addressed and challenged.
Can genetically based clines in plant defence explain greater herbivory at higher latitudes?
Authors: Anstett Daniel N. , Ahern Jeffrey R. , Glinos Julia , Nawar Nabanita , Salminen Juha‐Pekka , Johnson Marc T. J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractGreater plant defence is predicted to evolve at lower latitudes in response to increased herbivore pressure. However, recent studies question the generality of this pattern. In this study, we tested for genetically based latitudinal clines in resistance to herbivores and underlying defence traits of Oenothera biennis. We grew plants from 137 populations from across the entire native range of O. biennis. Populations from lower latitudes showed greater resistance to multiple specialist and generalist herbivores. These patterns were associated with an increase in total phenolics at lower latitudes. A significant proportion of the phenolics were driven by the concentrations of two major ellagitannins, which exhibited opposing latitudinal clines. Our analyses suggest that these findings are unlikely to be explained by local adaptation of herbivore populations or genetic variation in phenology. Rather greater herbivory at high latitudes can be explained by latitudinal clines in the evolution of plant defences.