bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soy provides modest benefits on endothelial function without affecting inflammatory biomarkers in adults at cardiometabolic risk
Authors: Reverri Elizabeth J. , LaSalle Colette D. , Franke Adrian A. , Steinberg Francene M. 
Published: October 2014

ScopeSystemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and oxidative stress are involved in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Epidemiological evidence supports an association between whole soy food consumption and reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The objective of this randomized, controlled, cross‐over study was to evaluate the effects of soy nut consumption on inflammatory biomarkers and endothelial function and to assess whether isoflavone metabolism to secondary products, equol, and/orO‐desmethylangolensin (ODMA), modifies these responses.Methods and resultsn= 17 adults at cardiometabolic risk were randomly assigned to the order of two snack interventions, soy nuts, and macronutrient‐matched control snack, for four weeks each, separated by a two week washout period. Outcome measures included biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and glycemic control (ELISA and clinical analyzers), endothelial function, and arterial stiffness (peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT)), and isoflavone metabolites (LC‐MS/MS). Results revealed that consuming soy nuts improved arterial stiffness as assessed by the augmentation index using PAT (p= 0.03), despite lack of improvement in inflammatory biomarkers. Addition of equol and/or ODMA production status as covariates did not significantly change these results.ConclusionSoy nuts when added to a usual diet for one month provide some benefit on arterial stiffness in adults at cardiometabolic risk.
Daidzein and genistein fail to improve glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in Chinese women with impaired glucose regulation: A double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Ye Yan‐Bin , Chen Ai‐Ling , Lu Wei , Zhuo Shu‐Yu , Liu Juan , Guan Jian‐Hua , Deng Wan‐Ping , Fang Shi , Li Yan‐Bing , Chen Yu‐Ming 
Published: October 2014

ScopeThis randomized, double‐blind, and placebo‐controlled trial evaluated the effect of isolated daidzein and genistein on glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in 165 Chinese women aged 30–70 with impaired glucose regulation (IGR).Methods and resultsParticipants were randomly assigned to one of three groups with a daily dose of 10 g of soy protein plus (i) no addition, (ii) 50 mg of daidzein, or (iii) 50 mg of genistein for 24 wk. Fasting glucose (FG), insulin, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and glucose concentrations at 30, 60, 120, and 180 min and insulin concentrations at 30, 60, and 120 min after an oral 75‐g glucose tolerance test were assessed at baseline and at 12 and 24 wk postintervention. a total of 158 and 151 subjects completed the measures at wk 12 and 24, respectively. There were no significant differences in the changes (%) of FG and the 2‐h glucose, HbA1c, fasting, and 2‐h insulin or the area under the curve of glucose and insulin between the three treatment groups at wk 12 or 24 (all p > 0.05).ConclusionNeither isolated daidzein nor genistein has a significant effect on glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in Chinese women with IGR over a 6‐month supplementation period.
Is Inconsistent Pre‐Treatment Bedtime Related to CPAP Non‐Adherence?
Authors: Sawyer Amy M. , King Tonya S. , Sawyer Douglas A. , Rizzo Albert 
Published: October 2014

AbstractLack of adherence to continuous positive airway pressure therapy (CPAP) limits the effectiveness of treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We hypothesized that an irregular bedtime would be negatively related to regular use of CPAP treatment. If so, modifying bedtime schedule may address the persistent problem of inconsistent CPAP use in adults with OSA. In a prospective longitudinal study, we examined whether inconsistent self‐reported bedtime before initiation of CPAP treatment, operationalized as bedtime variability, was (1) different among those adherent (≥4 hours per night) and non‐adherent to CPAP treatment at 1 week and 1 month; and/or (2) was related to 1‐week and 1‐month CPAP use when other variables were accounted for. Consecutively recruited newly diagnosed OSA adults (n = 79) completed sleep diaries prior to CPAP treatment. One‐week and 1‐month objective CPAP use data were collected. Pre‐treatment bedtime variability was different among CPAP non‐adherers and adherers at 1 month and was a significant predictor of non‐adherence at 1 month in multi‐variable analyses. The odds of 1‐month CPAP non‐adherence were 3.5 times greater in those whose pre‐treatment bedtimes varied by >75 minutes. Addressing sleep schedule prior to CPAP initiation may be an opportunity to improve CPAP adherence. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Preparation, properties, and antibacterial behavior of a novel cellulose derivative containing lactam groups
Authors: Joubert Fanny , Sharples Gary J. , Musa Osama M. , Hodgson David R. W. , Cameron Neil R. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTLactam groups were introduced onto the backbone of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) to modify properties, such as solubility in organic solvents and solution viscosity and to introduce possible antibacterial activity. Functionalization was achieved using 1‐(hydroxymethyl)‐2‐pyrrolidinone (HMP), and the functionalization reactions were investigated using NMR spectroscopy. The covalent attachment between HEC and HMP was confirmed using 1H‐13C correlated NMR experiments. Degrees of functionalization were calculated using integrated 13C NMR spectra, with values of up to 0.9 being demonstrated on the primary alcohol functionality of HEC. The functionalized HECs showed markedly different properties to unfunctionalized HEC, including the ability to swell considerably in water. Functionalized HEC displayed increased thermal stability and reduced solution viscosity compared with unfunctionalized HEC. Moreover, functionalization altered the bacterial adhesion characteristics compared with unfunctionalized HEC. © 2014 The Authors. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015, 53, 68–78
Refolding of a fully functional flavivirus methyltransferase revealed that S‐adenosyl methionine but not S‐adenosyl homocysteine is copurified with flavivirus methyltransferase
Authors: Brecher Matthew B. , Li Zhong , Zhang Jing , Chen Hui , Lin Qishan , Liu Binbin , Li Hongmin 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMethylation of flavivirus RNA is vital for its stability and translation in the infected host cell. This methylation is mediated by the flavivirus methyltransferase (MTase), which methylates the N7 and 2′‐O positions of the viral RNA cap by using S‐adenosyl‐l‐methionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. In this report, we demonstrate that SAM, in contrast to the reaction by‐product S‐adenosyl‐l‐homocysteine, which was assumed previously, is copurified with the Dengue (DNV) and West Nile virus MTases produced in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This endogenous SAM can be removed by denaturation and refolding of the MTase protein. The refolded MTase of DNV serotype 3 (DNV3) displays methylation activity comparable to native enzyme, and its crystal structure at 2.1 Å is almost identical to that of native MTase. We characterized the binding of Sinefungin (SIN), a previously described SAM‐analog inhibitor of MTase function, to the native and refolded DNV3 MTase by isothermal titration calorimetry, and found that SIN binds to refolded MTase with more than 16 times the affinity of SIN binding to the MTase purified natively. Moreover, we show that SAM is also copurified with other flavivirus MTases, indicating that purification by refolding may be a generally applicable tool for studying flavivirus MTase inhibition.
Fish swimming in schools save energy regardless of their spatial position
Authors: Marras Stefano , Killen Shaun S. , Lindström Jan , McKenzie David J. , Steffensen John F. , Domenici Paolo 
Published: October 2014

AbstractFor animals, being a member of a group provides various advantages, such as reduced vulnerability to predators, increased foraging opportunities and reduced energetic costs of locomotion. In moving groups such as fish schools, there are benefits of group membership for trailing individuals, who can reduce the cost of movement by exploiting the flow patterns generated by the individuals swimming ahead of them. However, whether positions relative to the closest neighbours (e.g. ahead, sided by side or behind) modulate the individual energetic cost of swimming is still unknown. Here, we addressed these questions in grey mulletLiza aurataby measuring tail-beat frequency and amplitude of 15 focal fish, swimming in separate schools, while swimming in isolation and in various positions relative to their closest neighbours, at three speeds. Our results demonstrate that, in a fish school, individuals in any position have reduced costs of swimming, compared to when they swim at the same speed but alone. Although fish swimming behind their neighbours save the most energy, even fish swimming ahead of their nearest neighbour were able to gain a net energetic benefit over swimming in isolation, including those swimming at the front of a school. Interestingly, this energetic saving was greatest at the lowest swimming speed measured in our study. Because any member of a school gains an energetic benefit compared to swimming alone, we suggest that the benefits of membership in moving groups may be more strongly linked to reducing the costs of locomotion than previously appreciated.
The Correlation Between Mid-Brain Serotonin Transporter Availability and Intelligence Quotient in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Tseng P.Y. , Lee I.H. , Chen K.C. , Chen P.S. , Chiu N.T. , Yao W.J. , Chu C.L. , Yeh T.L. , Yang Y.K. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractPurpose:This study was performed to investigate the association between the mid-brain serotonin transporter (SERT) availability and intelligence quotient (IQ).Methods:One hundred and thirteen healthy participants, including 52 male and 61 female subjects, were recruited. We used SPECT with [123I]ADAM images to determine the SERT availability in the mid-brain, and measured the subjects’ IQ using the WAIS-R.Results:We found a significant positive correlation between the mid-brain SERT availability and the IQ of the participants. Even when controlling for age and sex, the significant association still existed.Conclusion:This result implied that the higher the SERT binding in the mid-brain, the better the IQ in healthy participants.
A Review of the Clinical Value of Isolated Lumbar Extension Resistance Training for Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Steele James , Bruce‐Low Stewart , Smith Dave 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjectiveChronic low back pain (CLBP) is prevalent, costly, and acknowledged as multifactorial in nature. However, deconditioning of the lumbar extensor musculature may be a common factor. Thus specific resistance exercise is often recommended. Many resistance exercises for the lumbar extensors exist, although recent evidence suggests that isolated lumbar extension (ILEX) resistance training may best for conditioning these muscles. Thus this review aimed to examine the use of ILEX resistance training in participants with CLBP to provide a best‐evidence synthesis for practitioners and clinicians.Literature SurveyReference lists from previous reviews were searched in addition to SPORTDiscus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases up to May 2014 using search terms including combinations and synonyms of “isolation,” “lumbar extension,” “lumbar exercise,” “lumbar strength,” “lumbar endurance,” “lumbar spine,” “low back exercise,” “CLBP,” “pain,” and “disability.”MethodologyA “snowballing”‐style literature search was used that involved an emergent approach. Studies examining ILEX resistance training as an intervention in symptomatic CLBP populations reporting pain, disability, or global perceived outcomes (GPO) as outcomes were examined. Pain and disability were outcomes and were compared to consensus guidelines for minimal clinically important changes. Single case reports were excluded.SynthesisResults suggest that ILEX resistance training produces significant and meaningful improvements in perceived pain, disability, and GPOs, as part of a multiple intervention or stand‐alone approach. A low frequency (once per week) yet high intensity of effort (to momentary muscular failure) approach using either full or limited range‐of‐motion ILEX resistance training appears to be sufficient and best for significant and meaningful outcomes. Limited comparative studies between ILEX resistance training and other specific exercise approaches exist; however, only limited evidence supports ILEX resistance training as being more effective.ConclusionsThese findings highlight ILEX resistance training as effective for significant and meaningful improvements in perceived pain, disability, and GPOs for CLBP participants. Further research should elucidate comparisons between ILEX resistance training and other specific exercise approaches and should clarify whether lumbar extensor conditioning is the mechanism responsible for the improvements reported.
Homology difference analysis of invasive mealybug speciesPhenacoccus solenopsisTinsley in Southern China with COI gene sequence variability
Authors: Wu F.Z. , Ma J. , Hu X.N. , Zeng L. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe mealybug speciesPhenacoccus solenopsis(P. solenopsis) has caused much agricultural damage since its recent invasion in China. However, the source of this invasion remains unclear. This study uses molecular methods to clarify the relationships among different population ofP. solenopsisfrom China, USA, Pakistan, India, and Vietnam to determine the geographic origin of the introduction of this species into China.P. solenopsissamples were collected from 25 different locations in three provinces of Southern China. Samples from the USA, Pakistan, and Vietnam were also obtained. Parts of the mitochondrial genes for cytochrome oxidase I (COI) were sequenced for each sample. Homologous DNA sequences of the samples from the USA and India were downloaded from Gen Bank. Two haplotypes were found in China. The first was from most samples from the Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hainan populations in the China and Pakistan groups, and the second from a few samples from the Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan populations in the China, Pakistan, India, and Vietnam groups. As shown in the maximum likelihood of trees constructed using the COI sequences, these samples belonged to two clades. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that mostP. solenopsismealybugs in Southern China are probably closely related to populations in Pakistan. The variation, relationship, expansion, and probable geographic origin ofP. solenopsismealybugs in Southern China are also discussed.
Natural(ly) men: masculinity and gendered anti-ageing practices in Finland and the USA
Authors: OJALA HANNA , CALASANTI TONI , KING NEAL , PIETILÄ ILKKA 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTThe neo-liberal ideologies that point to individual responsibility for risks increasingly influence countries of the global North. The anti-ageing industry reflects this dictate and encourages middle-aged people to use their products and services to manage their ageing. However, given the negative connotations attached to the term ‘anti-ageing’, which is usually seen to focus on aesthetics and thus be a woman's concern, men may be likely to disavow being involved in such activities. The article uses interview data collected from men aged 42–70 from Finland and the United States of America to explore whether and how men adhere to the call to manage their ageing when such anti-ageing activities are seen to be potentially feminising. We find that these men reflected neo-liberalism in the sense that they felt that, although ageing cannot be prevented, it can be controlled. Also while they generally rejected anti-ageing products and services that they judged to affect aesthetics, they reported that they use those that they define as promoting health and performance instead. For them, masculinity is the instrumental focus on performance to the exclusion of beauty or attractiveness. Masculine anti-ageing bodily strategies must also be ‘natural’, involving hard work rather than the use of products, which they regard as never having been scientifically proven to enhance performance. Thus, in talk of their anti-ageing, men distance themselves from women.
Contrasting ABA, AAB and ABC Renewal in a Free Operant Procedure
Authors: Bernal-Gamboa Rodolfo , Carrasco-López Montserrat , Nieto Javier 
Published: October 2014

AbstractOne experiment used a free operant procedure with rats to compare ABA, AAB and ABC renewal by using a within-subject testing procedure. All rats were first trained to press a lever for food in context A. Lever pressing was then extinguished in either context A or context B. For rats in the groups ABA and ABC extinction took place in context B, while the rats in group AAB received extinction in the same context in which acquisition took place (context A). Finally, all rats were tested for renewal in two sessions. One extinction session was carried out in the same extinction context and another session in a different context. Rats in the group ABA were tested in context B and in context A; rats in the group AAB were tested in contexts A and B, whereas the group ABC was tested in contexts B and C. The results of the ANOVA showed context renewal since all groups had higher rates of responding when they were tested outside the extinction context, F(2, 21) = 15.32, p = .001, ηp2 = .59; however, AAB and ABC renewal was lesser than ABA renewal, F(1, 21) = 16.70, p = .0001, ηp2 = .61.
Women would like their Partners to be more Synchronized with them in their Sleep-Wake Rhythm
Authors: Randler Christoph , Barrenstein Selina , Vollmer Christian , Díaz-Morales Juan Francisco , Jankowski Konrad S. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMen sleep shorter and go to bed and get up later than women, thus they are later chronotypes. This difference between the sexes is most pronounced between puberty and menopause indicating the possibility that morningness is subject to sexual dimorphism related to reproductive aspects. The objective of the study was to compare the sleep-wake behavior of women with their actual partners and with their preferred partners. As a hypothesis, we expect some assortment in mating concerning chronotype (with the actual partner), but we also expect a higher synchronization with a preferred ideal partner. 167 women were analyzed in this study (mean age: 23.0 ± 2.57 (SD) years). Mated women were earlier chronotypes than their partners (t= –2.051,p= .042,d= .34) but the difference was small (11:02 min ± 1:04 min). The results of the present study showed women preferring a partner synchronized to their own sleep-wake-rhythm more than their actual partners were. The above result was true either for single facets of the sleep-wake rhythm (e.g. bed time, sleep onset) or for midpoint of sleep on free days – an indicator of actual chronotype: women’s and their partners’ correlation of midpoint of sleep was lower (r= .513) than women’s and their ideal partners’ correlation (r= .855). Amongst various sleep-wake measures, women particularly preferred a partner going to bed at the same time. Assortative mating according to sleep-wake rhythm exists, but women for long-term pair-bonds would like their partners far more synchronized.
Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric Characteristics in a Sample from the Clinical Spanish Population
Authors: Vázquez Morejón Antonio J. , Vázquez-Morejón Jiménez Raquel , Zanin Gloria Bellido 
Published: October 2014

AbstractEven though the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) is one of the most popular instruments to assess anxiety today, only limited data is available about its psychometric characteristics and normative values in clinical Spanish populations. A study was conducted to test the psychometric characteristics of a Spanish adaptation of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) in a sample of 918 outpatients being treated at a community mental health center in Spain. Results confirmed the adaptation’s high internal consistency (∝ = .91), substantial test-retest reliability at 8–10 weeks (r= .84,p< .01), and satisfactory convergent validity with the Anxiety (r= .86,p< .01), Somatization (r= .81,p< .01), Obsessive-compulsive (r= .60,p< .01), and Phobic Anxiety (r= .63,p< .01) dimensions of the SCL-90-R, and with the Anxious Thoughts Inventory (r= .57,p< .01). Gender differences in BAI scores did occur, so normative values appear separately for each gender.
Messinvarianz zwischen den Geschlechtern in der deutschen Version des Young Adult Self-Report (YASR)
Authors: Agrez Urska , Zimprich Daniel , Steinhausen Hans-Christoph 
Published: October 2014

Die vorliegende Studie testete die Messinvarianz (MI) zwischen den Geschlechtern des 8-Faktoren Modells, welches der Deutsch-Schweizerischen Version des Young Adult Self-Report (YASR) unterliegt. Verschiedene Stufen der MI wurden an den Daten von jungen Schweizer Erwachsenen (N = 951, Durchschnittsalter = 19.8 Jahre, 56.3 % Frauen) aus einer repräsentativen epidemiologischen Stichprobe untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die gemessenen Konstrukte zwischen den Geschlechtern invariant sind. Es bestand eine partielle starke Invarianz der Messung, da manche Indikatoren des aggressiven Verhaltens zwischen den Gruppen unterschiedlich wirkten. Ferner wurden Geschlechtsunterschiede zwischen einigen Faktor-Interkorrelationen gefunden. Die Unterschiede zwischen Faktorenmittelwerten bei sechs der acht Faktoren bestätigten die bekannte höhere Prävalenz von internalisierenden Störungen bei jungen Frauen und die höhere Prävalenz von externalisierenden Störungen bei jungen Männern.
Kompetenzbereiche in der psychotherapeutischen Ausbildung
Authors: Nodop Steffi , Strauß Bernhard 
Published: October 2014

Theoretischer Hintergrund: Die Kompetenzbasierung der Psychotherapieausbildung wird immer intensiver diskutiert. Ein Konsens über Komponenten psychotherapeutischer Kompetenz und deren Wichtigkeit in der Ausbildung besteht bisher jedoch nicht. Fragestellung: In diesem Beitrag wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche Kompetenzen Ausbildungsteilnehmer am Ende der Ausbildung erreicht haben sollten und für wie wichtig welche Kompetenzen angesehen werden. Methode: Die offenen Antworten von Leitern psychotherapeutischer Ausbildungsinstitute (N = 129) aus dem Forschungsgutachten zur Psychotherapieausbildung wurden mit qualitativer Methodik ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: Vor allem fachlich-konzeptuelle Kompetenzen (57,2 %) wurden häufig genannt, aber auch personale (21,0 %) und interpersonale (21,9 %). Schlussfolgerungen: Die Aussagen der Ausbildungsleiter stimmen im Wesentlichen mit bestehenden Kompetenzdefinitionen überein, wenngleich die Betonung von Theoriewissen bzw. Fachkompetenzen zulasten von Beziehungsgestaltungs- und personalen Kompetenzen sich nicht ganz mit den Befunden und Kompetenzkonzepten der Psychotherapieforschung deckt. Schlüsselwörter: Psychotherapie, Ausbildung, Kompetenz, Qualitative Analyse
New approach to capture and characterize synaptic proteome
Authors: Liu Xin-An , Kadakkuzha Beena , Pascal Bruce , Steckler Caitlin , Akhmedov Komolitdin , Yan Long , Chalmers Michael , Puthanveettil Sathyanarayanan V. 
Published: October 2014

Significance
Here we report a strategy for isolating and characterizing populations of proteins targeted to synapses. Using this approach, we isolated and characterized multiple protein transport complexes from mouse brain, providing novel insights into the synaptic targeting of proteins and composition of synaptic proteome.