bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships between Transtheoretical Model Stages of Change, Decisional Balance, Self-Efficacy, and Physical Activity Level among Nigerian Market Vendors
Authors: Maruf Fatai Adesina , Ibikunle Peter Olanrewaju , Raji Najim Olanrewaju 
Published: August 2013

Purpose. This study explored decisional balance, self-efficacy, and physical activity (PA) level in relation to stages of change (SoC) for PA among Nigerian vendors The study explored associations among decisional balance, self-efficacy, and PA level, and examined differences, by stage, in decisional balance, self-efficacy, and PA level. Design. Cross-sectional survey. Setting. Outdoor markets located in Eke Amobi, Nkwo, and Okpuno Egbu in Nnewi, southeastern Nigeria. Subjects. Participants were 499 market vendors (98 males and 401 females). Measures. Self-efficacy, perceived barrier and benefit, PA level, and SoC for PA. Analysis. Spearman rank-order and partial correlations; analysis of variance by gender with Bonferroni post hoc adjustment. Results. Self-efficacy (r = 069; p = 0.000), perceived benefit (r = .12; p = .007), and perceived barrier (r = –.11; p = .017) for PA were related to the SoC. Adjusting for age, gender, and marital status, only self-efficacy (r =.48; p = .000) remained correlated with the SoC. In males, significant differences in perceived barrier (p = .003) and benefit (p = .003) lay between stages of contemplation and preparation and between stages of precontemplation and contemplation for self-efficacy (p = .006). In females, there were significance differences in self-efficacy across stages of precontemplation and contemplation (p = .000) and preparation and action (p = .007). Conclusion. When designing PA interventions, age, gender, and marital status should be considered in explaining the relationships between outcome constructs of transtheoretical model (TTM) and SoC in vendors. It is also important to note that the stages at which outcome constructs of TTM change during PA interventions vary in males and females.
Comparison of the Invasiveness Between Reduced-Port Laparoscopy-Assisted Distal Gastrectomy and Conventional Laparoscopy-Assisted Distal Gastrectomy
Authors: Kawamura Hideki , Tanioka Toshiro , Shibuya Kazuaki , Tahara Munenori , Takahashi Masahiro 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
It is unknown whether reduced-port gastrectomy has a less invasive nature than conventional laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (C-LADG). So we compared 30 cases of dual-port laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (DP-LADG; using an umbilical port plus a right flank 5-mm port) as a reduced-port gastrectomy with 30 cases of C-LADG alternately performed by a single surgeon. No significant differences were observed in blood loss, intraoperative complications, the number of dissected lymph nodes, postoperative complications, the day of first defecation, analgesic agents required, changes in body temperature, heart rate, white blood cell count, serum albumin level, or lymphocyte count between the 2 groups. The amounts of oral intake in the DP-LADG group were significantly higher on postoperative days 9 and 10. We concluded that the amount of oral intake in the DP-LADG group was superior to that in the C-LADG group; however, no other evidence of DP-LADG being less invasive than C-LADG was obtained.
Splenic Artery Transposition Graft Usage for the Supply of the Right Hepatic Artery: A Case Report
Authors: Odabasi Mehmet , Eris Cengiz , Yildiz Mehmet Kamil , Abuoglu Hasan , Akbulut Sami , Saglam Abdullah 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Hepatic artery aneurysms are responsible for 12% to 20% of all visceral arterial aneurysms. Because most patients are asymptomatic, this disease is generally diagnosed incidentally during radiologic examination. Aneurysm rupture develops in 14% to 80% of cases, depending on the aneurysmatic segment's diameter and location, as well as other etiologic factors. Mortality rates associated with rupture range between 20% and 70%. Thus, early diagnosis and timely initiation of medical interventions are critical to improve survival rates. Here, we present a male patient, age 69 years, with a hepatic artery aneurysm that was detected incidentally. The 3-cm aneurysm was detected on contrast-enhanced computed tomography and extended from the common hepatic artery to the hepatic trifurcation. A laparotomy was performed using a right subcostal incision. After dissection of the hepatoduodenal ligament, the common, right, and left hepatic arteries, as well as the gastroduodenal artery, were suspended separately. Then, the aneurysmatic hepatic artery segment was resected, and the gastroduodenal artery stump was ligated. An end-to-end anastomosis was formed between the left and common hepatic arteries, followed by an end-to-end anastomosis formed between the right hepatic artery and splenic artery using a splenic artery transposition graft. Postoperative follow-up examinations showed that both hepatic arterial circulations were good, and no splenic infraction had developed.
Do psychosocial working conditions modify the effect of depressive symptoms on long‐term sickness absence?
Authors: Hjarsbech Pernille U. , Christensen Karl Bang , Andersen Rikke Voss , Borg Vilhelm , Aust Birgit , Rugulies Reiner 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this study was to investigate whether work unit‐levels of psychosocial working conditions modify the effect of depressive symptoms on risk of long‐term sickness absence (LTSA).MethodsA total of 5,416 Danish female eldercare workers from 309 work units were surveyed using questionnaires assessing depressive symptoms and psychosocial working conditions. LTSA was derived from a national register. We aggregated scores of psychosocial working conditions to the work unit‐level and conducted multi‐level Poisson regression analyses.ResultsDepressive symptoms, but not psychosocial working conditions, predicted LTSA. Psychosocial working conditions did not statistically significantly modify the effect of depressive symptoms on LTSA.ConclusionsPsychosocial working conditions did not modify the effect of depressive symptoms on LTSA. The results, however, need to be interpreted with caution, as we cannot rule out lack of exposure contrast and non‐differential misclassification of the exposure. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:1329–1340, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Organ‐on‐a‐chip technology and microfluidic whole‐body models for pharmacokinetic drug toxicity screening
Authors: Lee Jong Bum , Sung Jong Hwan 
Published: August 2013

AbstractMicroscale cell culture platforms better mimic the in vivo cellular microenvironment than conventional, macroscale systems. Microscale cultures therefore elicit a more authentic response from cultured cells, enabling physiologically realistic in vitro tissue models to be constructed. The fabrication of interconnecting microchambers and microchannels allows drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination to be simulated, and enables precise manipulation of fluid flow to replicate blood circulation. Complex, multi‐organ interactions can be investigated using “organ‐on‐a‐chip” toxicology screens. By reproducing the dynamics of multi‐organ interaction, the dynamics of various diseases and drug activities can be studied in mechanistic detail. In this review, we summarize the current status of technologies related to pharmacokinetic‐based drug toxicity testing, and the use of microtechnology for reproducing the interaction between multiple organs.
Expanding the scope of site‐specific recombinases for genetic and metabolic engineering
Authors: Gaj Thomas , Sirk Shannon J. , Barbas Carlos F. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTSite‐specific recombinases are tremendously valuable tools for basic research and genetic engineering. By promoting high‐fidelity DNA modifications, site‐specific recombination systems have empowered researchers with unprecedented control over diverse biological functions, enabling countless insights into cellular structure and function. The rigid target specificities of many sites‐specific recombinases, however, have limited their adoption in fields that require highly flexible recognition abilities. As a result, intense effort has been directed toward altering the properties of site‐specific recombination systems by protein engineering. Here, we review key developments in the rational design and directed molecular evolution of site‐specific recombinases, highlighting the numerous applications of these enzymes across diverse fields of study. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 1–15. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Multiwell stiffness assay for the study of cell responsiveness to cytotoxic drugs
Authors: Zustiak Silviya , Nossal Ralph , Sackett Dan L. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTIt is now well understood that the cell microenvironment, including the surrounding matrix, profoundly affects cell fate. This is especially true for solid tumors where, for example, matrix stiffness is believed to be an important factor in tumorogenesis. Our hypothesis is that since matrix stiffness affects cell fate, it may also be important in drug resistance. To test this hypothesis, we designed and built a multiwell polyacrylamide (PA) gel‐based stiffness assay, in which the gels were coated with collagen in order to facilitate cell attachment and proliferation. This PA‐based assay was used to examine the effect of stiffness on cultured cell responsiveness to cytotoxic drugs. In particular, we tested multiple cancer cell lines and their susceptibility to paclitaxel, a microtubule‐targeting agent. By assessing cell proliferation, morphology, and the IC50 of the drug, we were able to establish that the stiffness affects responsiveness to cytotoxic drugs in a cell‐dependent manner. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 396–403. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Do new cellulolytic enzyme preparations affect the industrial strategies for high solids lignocellulosic ethanol production?
Authors: Cannella David , Jørgensen Henning 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTProduction of ethanol from lignocellulosic materials has a promising market potential, but the process is still only at pilot/demonstration scale due to the technical and economical difficulties of the process. Operating the process at very high solids concentrations (above 20% dry matter—DM) has proven essential for economic feasibility at industrial scale. Historically, simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) was found to give better ethanol yields compared to separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF), but data in literature are typically based on operating the process at low dry matter conditions. In this work the impact of selected enzyme preparation and processing strategy (SHF, presaccharification and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation—PSSF, and SSF) on final ethanol yield and overall performance was investigated with pretreated wheat straw up to 30% DM. The experiments revealed that an SSF strategy was indeed better than SHF when applying an older generation enzyme cocktail (Celluclast‐Novozym 188). In case of the newer product Cellic CTec 2, SHF resulted in 20% higher final ethanol yield compared to SSF. It was possible to close the mass balance around cellulose to around 94%, revealing that the most relevant products could be accounted for. One observation was the presence of oxidized sugar (gluconic acid) upon enzymatic hydrolysis with the latest enzyme preparation. Experiments showed gluconic acid formation by recently discovered enzymatic class of lytic polysaccharides monoxygenases (LPMO's) to be depending on the processing strategy. The lowest concentration was achieved in SSF, which could be correlated with less available oxygen due to simultaneous oxygen consumption by the yeast. Quantity of glycerol and cell mass was also depending on the selected processing strategy. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 59–68. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Separation of carnitine and acylcarnitines in biological samples: a review
Authors: Mansour Fotouh R. , Wei Wenjun , Danielson Neil D. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTCarnitine and its acylesters are a family of compounds that can be used in the early diagnosis of many diseases. Carnitine and acylcarnitines have a crucial role in fatty acid transportation. The increased level of free carnitine, total carnitine, or the acylesters can act as biomarkers for many metabolic disorders, including diabetes, encephalopathy and cardiomyopathy. The determination of these compounds is difficult owing to the simple aliphatic structure, the chiral center and the permanent positive charge. Although MS detection can be enough to differentiate between some carnitine derivatives, closely related structural isomers of the acylcarnitines must be separated before detection because they form the same base peak and second most abundant ion peak. Different separation methods are discussed in this review, including reversed‐phase, hydrophilic interaction, ion exchange, ion pairing, mixed mode liquid chromatography, gas chromatography and electrophoresis. Representative example chromatograms are shown. The sample preparation and the different derivatization reactions are also covered. A table that summarizes the most important analytical methods by detailing the analyte mixture, the sample matrix, the separation mode and the detection method is provided. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fear of heights and mild visual height intolerance independent of alcohol consumption
Authors: Huppert Doreen , Grill Eva , Kapfhammer Hans‐Peter , Brandt Thomas 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundVisual height intolerance occurs when a visual stimulus causes apprehension of losing balance and falling from some height. Affecting one‐third of the population, it has a broad spectrum of symptoms, ranging from minor distress to fear of heights, which is defined as a specific phobia. Specific phobias are associated with higher alcohol consumption. This has not been specifically shown for susceptibility to the more general visual height intolerance.MethodsRepresentative case–control study nested within a population‐based cross‐sectional telephone survey to assess epidemiologically 1253 individuals ≥14 years, using a questionnaire on sociodemographic data, typical symptoms, precipitating visual stimuli, and alcohol drinking patterns (overall frequency of alcohol consumption, the daily quantities, and the motives).ResultsIndividuals susceptible or nonsusceptible to visual height intolerance showed no significant differences in drinking patterns. The daily average alcohol consumption was slightly higher in persons susceptible to visual height intolerance (4.1 g/day vs. 3.7 g/day). Of those consuming alcohol, cases and controls reported on average consuming 2.3 glasses per day. The prevalence of visual height intolerance was insignificantly higher in the small minority of those drinking 2–3 times per week versus teetotalers.ConclusionsOur study does not provide evidence that visual height intolerance – contrary to various specific phobias – is significantly associated with individual alcohol consumption patterns.
A Copper Metal–Organic Framework as an Efficient and Recyclable Catalyst for the Oxidative Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling of Phenols and Formamides
Authors: Phan Nam T. S. , Nguyen Tung T. , Vu Phuong H. L. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractA crystalline porous metal‐organic framework Cu2(BPDC)2(BPY) (BPDC=4,4′‐biphenyldicarboxylate, BPY=4,4′‐bipyridine) was synthesized and characterized by several techniques including XRD, SEM, TEM, thermogravimetric analysis, FTIR, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, hydrogen temperature‐programmed reduction, and nitrogen physisorption measurements. The Cu2(BPDC)2(BPY) could be employed as a heterogeneous catalyst for the copper‐catalyzed cross‐dehydrogenative coupling reaction of DMF with 2‐substituted phenols to form organic carbamates through CH activation under oxidative conditions. The Cu2(BPDC)2(BPY) offered higher catalytic activity than common copper salts such as Cu(OAc)2, CuCl, CuCl2, CuI, and Cu(NO3)2 as well as other Cu–MOFs such as Cu3(BTC)2, Cu(BDC), and Cu(BPDC). The Cu2(BPDC)2(BPY) catalyst could be facilely separated from the reaction mixture, could be recovered and reused several times without significant degradation in catalytic activity.
Anti‐HIV‐1 Peptide Derivatives Based on the HIV‐1 Co‐receptor CXCR4
Authors: Hashimoto Chie , Nomura Wataru , Narumi Tetsuo , Fujino Masayuki , Tsutsumi Hiroshi , Haseyama Masaki , Yamamoto Naoki , Murakami Tsutomu , Tamamura Hirokazu 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) uses CD4 and the co‐receptor CCR5 or CXCR4 in the process of cell entry. The negatively charged extracellular domains of CXCR4 (CXCR4‐ED) interact with positive charges on the V3 loop of gp120, facilitating binding via electrostatic interactions. The presence of highly conserved positively charged residues in the V3 loop suggests that CXCR4‐ED‐derived inhibitors might be broadly effective inhibitors. Synthetic peptide derivatives were evaluated for anti‐HIV‐1 activity. The 39‐mer extracellular N‐terminal region (NT) was divided into three fragments with 10‐mer overlapping sites (N1–N3), and these linear peptides were synthesized. Peptide N1 contains Met 1–Asp 20 and shows significant anti‐HIV‐1 activity. Extracellular loops 1 and 2 (ECL1 and 2) were mimicked by cyclic peptides C1 and C2, which were synthesized by chemoselective cyclization. Cyclic peptides C1 and C2 show higher anti‐HIV‐1 activity than their linear peptide counterparts, L1 and L2. The cytotoxicities of C1 and C2 are lower than those of L1 and L2. These results indicate that Met 1–Asp 20 segments of the NT and cyclic peptides of ECL1 and ECL2 are potent anti‐HIV‐1 drug candidates.
Hello ADIOS: the challenges and lessons of developing leadership class I/O frameworks
Authors: Liu Qing , Logan Jeremy , Tian Yuan , Abbasi Hasan , Podhorszki Norbert , Choi Jong Youl , Klasky Scott , Tchoua Roselyne , Lofstead Jay , Oldfield Ron , Parashar Manish , Samatova Nagiza , Schwan Karsten , Shoshani Arie , Wolf Matthew , Wu Kesheng , Yu Weikuan 
Published: August 2013

SUMMARYApplications running on leadership platforms are more and more bottlenecked by storage input/output (I/O). In an effort to combat the increasing disparity between I/O throughput and compute capability, we created Adaptable IO System (ADIOS) in 2005. Focusing on putting users first with a service oriented architecture, we combined cutting edge research into new I/O techniques with a design effort to create near optimal I/O methods. As a result, ADIOS provides the highest level of synchronous I/O performance for a number of mission critical applications at various Department of Energy Leadership Computing Facilities. Meanwhile ADIOS is leading the push for next generation techniques including staging and data processing pipelines. In this paper, we describe the startling observations we have made in the last half decade of I/O research and development, and elaborate the lessons we have learned along this journey. We also detail some of the challenges that remain as we look toward the coming Exascale era. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Homogeneous versus Heterogeneous Catalysts in Water Oxidation
Authors: Fukuzumi Shunichi , Hong Dachao 
Published: August 2013

AbstractRecent developments in thermal and photochemical water oxidation by using homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts is described together with the conversion of the homogeneous catalysts into heterogeneous catalysts during the course of water oxidation. The use of homogeneous catalysts is advantageous in the elucidation of detailed catalytic mechanisms including the detection of active intermediates for water oxidation. In contrast, heterogeneous catalysts are advantageous for practical applications, because of their high catalytic activity and the ease with which they can be separated by filtration. However, it is quite difficult to identify the active intermediates on the surfaces of heterogeneous catalysts, and therefore, the heterogeneous catalytic mechanism of water oxidation has not been clarified. Although investigations on homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts for water oxidation have been performed rather independently, the link between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts is becoming more important for the development of efficient WOCs. This microreview focuses on factors to determine if the actual catalysts for water oxidation are homogeneous or heterogeneous depending on the conditions under which the catalysts are used. Ligand oxidation of homogeneous catalysts sometimes results in dissociation of the ligands to form nanoparticles, which act as much more efficient catalysts for water oxidation.
K‐Oxyma: a Strong Acylation‐Promoting, 2‐CTC Resin‐Friendly Coupling Additive
Authors: Cherkupally Prabhakar , Acosta Gerardo A. , Nieto‐Rodriguez Lidia , Spengler Jan , Rodriguez Hortensia , Khattab Sherine N. , El‐Faham Ayman , Shamis Marina , Luxembourg Yoav , Prohens Rafel , Subiros‐Funosas Ramon , Albericio Fernando 
Published: August 2013

AbstractHere we present a new formulation of the recently introduced OxymaPure additive for peptide bond formation, in which the N‐hydroxylamine group is replaced by a potassium salt. The complete suppression of its acidity converts K‐Oxyma into the most suitable coupling choice when peptides are assembled on highly acid‐labile solid‐supports. The coupling efficiency and diminished prospects for epimerization are conserved relative to OxymaPure. In addition, K‐Oxyma displays excellent solubility in a variety of organic solvents and undergoes safer decomposition than classical 1‐hydroxybenzotriazole additives.
The stream power river incision model: evidence, theory and beyond
Authors: Lague Dimitri 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTThe stream power incision model (SPIM) is a cornerstone of quantitative geomorphology. It states that river incision rate is the product of drainage area and channel slope raised to the power exponents m and n, respectively. It is widely used to predict patterns of deformation from channel long profile inversion or to model knickpoint migration and landscape evolution. Numerous studies have attempted to test its applicability with mixed results prompting the question of its validity. This paper synthesizes these results, highlights the SPIM deficiencies, and offers new insights into the role of incision thresholds and channel width. By reviewing quantitative data on incising rivers, I first propose six sets of field evidence that any long‐term incision model should be able to predict. This analysis highlights several inconsistencies of the standard SPIM. Next, I discuss the methods used to construct physics‐based long‐term incision laws. I demonstrate that all published incising river datasets away from knickpoints or knickzones are in a regime dominated by threshold effects requiring an explicit upscaling of flood stochasticity neglected in the standard SPIM and other incision models. Using threshold‐stochastic simulations with dynamic width, I document the existence of composite transient dynamics where knickpoint propagation locally obeys a linear SPIM (n=1) while other part of the river obey a non‐linear SPIM (n>1). The threshold‐stochastic SPIM resolves some inconsistencies of the standard SPIM and matches steady‐state field evidence when width is not sensitive to incision rate. However it fails to predict the scaling of slope with incision rate for cases where width decreases with incision rate. Recent proposed models of dynamic width cannot resolve these deficiencies. An explicit upscaling of sediment flux and threshold‐stochastic effects combined with dynamic width should take us beyond the SPIM which is shown here to have a narrow range of validity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.