bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing the multimodal approach to pancreatic cyst fluid diagnosis
Authors: Chai Siaw Ming , Herba Karl , Kumarasinghe M. Priyanthi , de Boer W. Bastiaan , Amanuel Benhur , Grieu‐Iacopetta Fabienne , Lim Ee Mun , Segarajasingam Dev , Yusoff Ian , Choo Chris , Frost Felicity 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to develop a triage algorithm to optimize diagnostic yield from cytology, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and v‐Ki‐ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) testing on different components of a single pancreatic cyst fluid specimen. The authors also sought to determine whether cell block supernatant was suitable for CEA and KRAS testing.METHODSFifty‐four pancreatic cysts were triaged according to a volume‐dependent protocol to generate fluid (neat and supernatant) and cell block specimens for cytology, comparative CEA, and KRAS testing. Follow‐up histology, diagnostic cytology, or a combined clinicopathologic interpretation was recorded as the final diagnosis.RESULTSThere were 26 mucinous cystic lesions and 28 nonmucinous cystic lesions with volumes ranging from 0.3 mL to 55 mL. Testing different components of the specimens (cell block, neat, and/or supernatant) enabled all laboratory investigations to be performed on 50 of 54 cyst fluids (92.6%). Interpretive concordance was observed in 17 of 17 cases (100%) and in 35 of 40 cases (87.5%) that had multiple components tested for CEA and KRAS mutations, respectively. An elevated CEA level (>192 ng/mL) was the most sensitive test for the detection of a mucinous cystic lesion (62.5%) versus KRAS mutation (56%) and “positive” cytology (61.5%). KRAS mutations were identified in 2 of 25 mucinous cystic lesions (8%) in which cytology and CEA levels were not contributory.CONCLUSIONSA volume‐based protocol using different components of the specimen was able to optimize diagnostic yield in pancreatic cyst fluids. KRAS mutation testing increased diagnostic yield when combined with cytology and CEA analysis. The current results demonstrated that supernatant is comparable to neat fluid and cell block material for CEA and KRAS testing. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2013. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Flow cytometry CD45‐negative B‐NHL: A case report of a diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma without extranodal involvement
Authors: Palmeira Carlos , Sousa Maria Emília , Godinho Inês , Pires Ana Marta , Mendes Carlos , Martins Gabriela 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackground:The loss of CD45, the leukocyte‐common antigen, has been described in rare cases of large B‐cell lymphoma (LBCL) subtypes with extranodal involvement by immunohistochemical methods. Here we report a case of a patient with LBCL, with no extranodal lesions, which is CD45 negative by flow cytometry (FC) immunophenotyping.Methods:Immunophenotyping and DNA content analysis was performed by multiparametric FC on lymph node and bone marrow aspirate obtained from a 65 year old male patient.Results:Malignant B‐lymphocytes were CD5‐, CD10+/++, CD11c‐, CD19+, CD20+/++, CD23‐, CD34‐, CD38‐/+, CD45‐, CD79b++/+++, BCL2 overexpressed, FMC7++, IgM++/+++, TdT‐ with Lambda light chain restriction. This pathological cellular population showed near‐diploid DNA content, with a high proliferate rate.Conclusions:To our knowledge, we describe the first case of a CD19+ B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma without expression of CD45 detected by FC, and the first case without extranodal involvement presentation. This case is reported not only because it is a rare one but also to raise awareness of FC users of its correct diagnosis. © 2012 International Clinical Cytometry Society
The phenotypic distribution and functional profile of tuberculin‐specific CD4 T‐cells characterizes different stages of TB infection
Authors: Streitz Mathias , Fuhrmann Stephan , Thomas David , Cheek Elizabeth , Nomura Laurel , Maecker Holden , Martus Peter , Aghaeepour Nima , Brinkman Ryan R , Volk Hans‐Dieter , Kern Florian 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackground:Recent publications have suggested that altered proportions of functional CD4 T‐cell subsets correlate with active pulmonary TB. Also, CD27‐expression on tuberculin‐activated IFN‐γ+ CD4 T‐cells is known to differ significantly between patients with active pulmonary TB and healthy TB‐unexposed BCG vaccinees. Here, we explore links between CD4 T‐cell phenotype, multiple functional subsets, and control of TB.Methods:We examined ex‐vivo overnight tuberculin activated CD4 T‐cells in regards to CD27‐expression and the activation markers, CD154 upregulation, IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, IL‐2, and degranulation in 44 individuals, including cases of clinically active pulmonary TB, and hospital staff with prolonged TB exposure, some of whom had latent TB.Results:Active pulmonary TB generally showed an excess of TNF‐α+ subsets over IFN‐γ+ subsets, paralleled by decreased CD27 expression on activated IFN‐γ+ or CD154+ CD4 T‐cells. The single subset distinguishing best between active pulmonary TB and high TB exposure was CD154+/TNF‐α+/ IFN‐γ‐/IL‐2‐/degranulation‐ (AUROC 0.90). The ratio between the frequencies of TNF‐α+/IFN‐γ+ CD4 T‐cells was an effective alternative parameter (AUROC 0.87).Conclusions:Functional subsets and phenotype of tuberculin induced CD4 T‐cells differ between stages of TB infection. Predominance of TNF‐α+ CD4 T‐cells in active infection suggests an increased effort of the immune system to contain disease. © 2012 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Nearly optimal linear transceiver design for amplify‐and‐forward MIMO multiple‐relay systems under MMSE criterion
Authors: Li Quanzhong , Huang Jiyu , Zhang Guangchi , Qin Jiayin 
Published: September 2012

SUMMARYIn this paper, we consider amplify‐and‐forward multiple‐input multiple‐output multiple‐relay systems, where all the nodes have multiple antennas. For enhancing link reliability, we address the problem of designing optimal linear transceiver to minimize the mean squared error (MSE) of symbol estimations subject to the total relay transmit power constraint. This problem is highly complex and has not been solved in the literature. We first simplify this optimization problem to one that takes a singular value vector and a unitary matrix as optimization variables. Then based on the analyses for the simplified problem, we develop an iterative algorithm consisting of one boundary optimization and one unitary matrix constrained optimization. We show analytically that the proposed iterative algorithm always converges, and the MSE is monotonically decreasing from one iteration to the next. Finally, numerical results demonstrate the nearly optimal performance of the proposed scheme. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of Various Sized CuInS2 Quantum Dots and Their Photovoltaic Properties as Sensitizers for TiO2 Photoanodes
Authors: Peng Zhuoyin , Liu Yueli , Shu Wei , Chen Keqiang , Chen Wen 
Published: September 2012

AbstractUnderstanding the various size effects of CuInS2 quantum dots is very important for improving the performance of quantum‐dot‐sensitized solar cells. In this work, CuInS2 quantum dots with sizes ranging from 2 to 8 nm have been synthesized by a simple thermolysis method and a ligand‐exchange process. The quantum dots as sensitizers were uniformly attached to the surface of TiO2 nanoparticle films capped with 3‐mercaptopropionic acid to form sensitized solar cells. Various sized CuInS2 quantum dots and sensitized TiO2 photoanodes were studied by XRD, TEM, UV/Vis, and PL spectroscopy. It was found that the CuInS2 quantum dots were successfully adsorbed on to the TiO2 nanoparticle films, and TiO2 photoanodes sensitized with 3.5 nm CuInS2 quantum dots have the highest optical absorption and best photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 0.72 % with a short circuit current density of 2.02 mA/cm2 and a voltage of 0.515 V under AM 1.5 illumination.
Cyclodextrin Anchoring on Magnetic Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Modified with Phosphonic Linkers
Authors: Tudisco Cristina , Oliveri Valentina , Cantarella Maria , Vecchio Graziella , Condorelli Guglielmo G. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractMagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MNPs) have been covalently modified with β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) cavities by adopting a two‐step anchoring route based on particle prefunctionalization with a phosphonic monolayer, which acts as a covalent linker between the MNPs and β‐CD. Particular attention has been devoted to the study of the functionalization process by adopting bifunctional phosphonic linkers to investigate the efficiency of the anchoring group (phosphonic acid or ester) and the role of a second functional group. The grafting process of the phosphonic linkers has been monitored by using X‐ray photoelectron and FTIR spectroscopy. β‐CD has then been successfully anchored on MNPs prefunctionalized with (3‐aminopropyl)phosphonic acid. The ability of β‐CD‐functionalized nanoparticles to carry and slowly release some drugs has been tested by adopting the anti‐inflammatory drug diclofenac sodium salt as a model.
Late‐Stage C–H Bond Arylation of Spirocyclic σ1 Ligands for Analysis of Complementary σ1 Receptor Surface
Authors: Meyer Christina , Schepmann Dirk , Yanagisawa Shuichi , Yamaguchi Junichiro , Itami Kenichiro , Wünsch Bernhard 
Published: September 2012

AbstractDirect C–H bond arylation in the α‐ and β‐positions of spirocyclic thiophenes containing various functional groups (amine, ether, acetal, lactone) was accomplished. Selective phenylation in the α‐position of the thiophene ring was achieved by using the catalytic system PdCl2/bipy/Ag2CO3. The introduction of phenyl moieties to the β‐position was performed with the catalytic system PdCl2/P[OCH(CF3)2]3/Ag2CO3. Even the five‐membered lactone 10 with an electron‐withdrawing carbonyl moiety directly attached to the thiophene ring was arylated. Spirocyclic thiophenes substituted with a phenyl moiety in position A (top position) or B (left position) display low nanomolar σ1 affinities (e.g., 4a: Ki = 1.6 nM; 5a: Ki = 2.4 nM), indicating an additional hydrophobic pocket on the complementary σ1 receptor protein. A phenyl moiety in position C (at the bottom position) is not tolerated by the σ1 receptor (e.g., 12: Ki = 483 nM). However, an additional phenyl moiety in position A is able to compensate at least partially the unfavorable effects of the phenyl moiety in position C.
Voltage‐driven transport of ions and DNA through nanocapillaries
Authors: Steinbock Lorenz J. , Lucas Alex , Otto Oliver , Keyser Ulrich F. 
Published: September 2012

We study the effect of salt concentration on the ionic conductance and translocation of single DNA molecules through nanocapillaries made out of quartz glass. DNA translocation experiments were performed in aqueous solution for concentrations of KCl between 10 mM and 2 M while ion conductance was characterized from 1 mM to 2 M KCl concentration. Here, we develop a model for the conductance of conical nanocapillaries taking into consideration the surface charge of the quartz glass. We demonstrate that the conductance of our nanocapillaries shows similar behavior to silicon oxide nanopores at low and high KCl concentrations. Finally, we show that DNA translocations in high KCl concentrations (400 mM–2 M) cause a reduction in the ionic current. In contrast, DNA translocations at low KCl concentrations (10–300 mM) lead to increases in the ionic current. Our new results, which until now have not been shown for nanocapillaries, can be well understood with an adapted model.
QT dispersion in mild cognitive impairment: a possible tool for predicting the risk of progression to dementia?
Authors: Coppola Ludovico , Mastrolorenzo Luigia , Coppola Antonino , De Biase Maria , Adamo Giovanna , Forte Raffaele , Fiorente Francesca , Orlando Rosanna , Caturano Michele , Cioffi Arcangelo , Riccardi Angela 
Published: September 2012

ObjectiveThe aim of this research was to investigate relationships between cognitive function and non‐invasive, repeatable cardiac parameters in elderly subjects suffering from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsTwo hundred and twenty‐four community‐living elderly subjects, 31 AD patients, 77 MCI patients, and 116 cognitively normal subjects (CNS), were evaluated for cognitive abilities (Mini Mental State Examination score (MMSE)) and for electrocardiographic [corrected heart rate QT interval dispersion (QTcD)] and echocardiographic [Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)] parameters.ResultsMean values of LVEF were not significantly different between the three groups; QTcD mean values were significantly lower in CNS group than in subjects with MCI and AD. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation test, carried out in the three study groups, showed a significant inverse correlation between QTcD and MMSE score (r = −0.357; p < 0.01) in the group of MCI patients, only. In multivariable‐adjusted linear regression tests, QTcD (p = 0.030) and education (p = 0.021) are associated with MMSE score in MCI group. Only the parameter of education appears to predict MMSE in CNS group; none of these parameters appear to predict MMSE in the group of patients with AD.ConclusionThe association between QTcD and MMSE requires cautious interpretation and further extensive investigation. However, if confirmed by longitudinal studies, the finding could play a role in the management of the subjects with MCI. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Employee Suggestion System: A New Approach Using Latent Semantic Analysis
Authors: Marksberry Phillip , Church Joshua , Schmidt Michael 
Published: September 2012

AbstractEmployee suggestion systems are often used as a way to improve participation from members of the organization to help solve problems that cannot be solved through traditional organizational practices. In the government sector, employee involvement programs are the most difficult to implement mainly because management regularly changes with new administration and these changes bring about many short‐term management practices and systems. Toyota's approach to employee suggestion programs has been widely benchmarked and studied, yet there is little research to show that these practices can be applied or are successful in the public sector. This work uses a statistical data‐mining technique to compare which types of human resource management practices are prevalent in employee suggestion programs at Toyota and a target government organization. This work shows that Toyota emphasizes organization‐centered factors to stimulate employee participation in solving small problems that relate to an employee's job. On the contrary, government organizations tend to emphasize employee factors that make conditions right for employees to make larger improvements in their jobs that lead to improvements outside their work areas. Findings suggest that Toyota's approach to employee suggestion programs is not a way to weaken management's obligation to perform problem solving, but instead is another medium to highlight problems that do not require management's intervention. These new insights and others provide an increased understanding of employee suggestion programs in the public sector that are unique to manufacturing. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sensitivity of hydrological ensemble forecasts to different sources and temporal resolutions of probabilistic quantitative precipitation forecasts: flash flood case studies in the Cévennes‐Vivarais region (Southern France)
Authors: Marty R. , Zin I. , Obled Ch. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis article analyses the performance of an integrated hydrological ensemble prediction system adapted to small to mid‐sized catchments (100–600 km2) situated in the Cévennes‐Vivarais region (Southern France) and characterized by short lag times (3–12 h). In this framework, flood forecasts need hourly Probabilistic Quantitative Precipitation Forecasts (PQPF) so as to provide early warning with 24–72 h of anticipation. Here, two sources of PQPF at daily and subdaily (6 h) meteorological time steps are considered: Ensemble Prediction Systems from the European Centre for Medium‐range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) and analogy‐based PQPF provided in real‐time at the Laboratoire d'étude des Transferts en Hydrologie et Environnement. The two PQPF are firstly disaggregated to respect the required hydrological hourly time step, through either the use of a stochastic rainfall generator or the application of a multimodel approach. Then, disaggregated PQPF are used as input to a hydrological model, which is called TOPSIMPL, to provide hourly ensemble discharge forecasts up to 48 h ahead. Illustration and evaluation of ensemble discharge forecasts issued in near real‐time conditions are given for some recently observed flash flood events. It is shown that hourly discharge forecasts are first‐order conditioned by the accuracy of PQPF at daily or subdaily time step. Six‐hour ensemble prediction systems correctly reproduce the rainfall temporal dynamics, whereas daily analogy‐based PQPF are less underdispersive in terms of rainfall amounts. As a result, the merging of the two sources of PQPF substantially increases the performance of discharge forecasts, the contribution of a more sophisticated hourly rainfall generator becoming marginal. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An automated algorithm for river ice monitoring over the Susquehanna River using the MODIS data
Authors: Chaouch Naira , Temimi Marouane , Romanov Peter , Cabrera Reggina , McKillop George , Khanbilvardi Reza 
Published: September 2012

AbstractReliable and prompt information on river ice condition and extent is needed to make accurate hydrological forecasts to predict ice jams breakups and issue timely flood warnings. This study presents a technique to detect and monitor river ice using observations from the MODIS instrument onboard the Terra satellite. The technique incorporates a threshold‐based decision tree image classification algorithm to process MODIS data and to determine the extent of ice. To differentiate between ice‐covered and ice‐free pixels within the riverbed, the algorithm combines observations in the visible and near‐infrared spectral bands. The developed technique presents the core of the MODIS‐based river ice mapping system, which has been developed to support National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NWS's operations. The system has been tested over the Susquehanna River in northeastern USA, where ice jam events leading to spring floods are a frequent occurrence. The automated algorithm generates three products: daily ice maps, weekly composite ice maps and running cloud‐free composite ice maps. The performance of the system was evaluated over nine winter seasons. The analysis of the derived products has revealed their good agreement with the aerial photography and with in situ observations‐based ice charts. The probability of ice detection determined from the comparison of the product with the high‐resolution Landsat imagery was equal to 91%. A consistent inverse relationship was found between the river discharge and the ice extent. The correlation between the discharge and the ice extent as determined from the weekly composite product reached 0.75. The developed CREST River Ice Observation System has been implemented at National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration–Cooperative Remote Sensing Science and Technology Center as an operational Web tool allowing end users and forecasters to assess ice conditions on the river. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Risk of germ cell testicular cancer according to origin: A migrant cohort study in 1,100,000 Israeli men
Authors: Levine Hagai , Afek Arnon , Shamiss Ari , Derazne Estela , Tzur Dorit , Zavdy Ofir , Barchana Micha , Kark Jeremy D. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractTesticular cancer incidence is highest among men of northern European ancestry and lowest among men of Asian/African descent. We conducted a large‐scale migrant cohort study to assess origin and migrant generation as predictors of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs), controlling for possible confounders. Data on 1,092,373 Jewish Israeli males, who underwent a general health examination prior to compulsory military service at ages 16–19 between the years 1967–2005, were linked to Israel National Cancer Registry to obtain incident TGCTs up to 2006. Cox proportional hazards was used to model time to event. Overall, 1,001 incident cases (534 seminoma and 467 nonseminoma) were detected during 19.2 million person‐years of follow‐up. Origin was a strong independent predictor of TGCTs with remarkably low incidence for North African‐born (HR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.04–0.21) and Asian‐born (HR = 0.35, 0.20–0.62), while intermediate for Israeli‐born of North African origin (HR = 0.48, 0.40–0.58) and Asian origin (HR = 0.56, 0.47–0.66), compared to European origin. A comparison of Israeli born of North African and Asian origin with North African and Asian‐born yielded a HR of 2.31 (1.36–3.93). Significant risk factors controlled for were year of birth, years of education and height. Findings persisted when analyses were stratified by histologic subtypes of TGCTs. The findings of lower rates of TGCTs among men born in North Africa and Asia compared to European ancestry, but a steep increase in next generation migrants, particularly among the Israeli‐born migrants from North Africa, provide clues to direct further research on the role of modern lifestyle and environment in the etiology of TGCTs.
Platycodin D induces anoikis and caspase‐mediated apoptosis via p38 MAPK in AGS human gastric cancer cells
Authors: Chun Jaemoo , Joo Eun Ji , Kang Minseok , Kim Yeong Shik 
Published: September 2012

AbstractMitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) cascades play important roles in cell proliferation, death, and differentiation in response to external stimuli. However, the precise role of MAPKs in platycodin D (PD)‐induced cytotoxicity remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effect of PD and its underlying mechanism on AGS human gastric cancer cells. PD significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced anoikis, which is a form of apoptosis in which cells detach from the substrate. It showed phosphatidylserine externalization, DNA fragmentation, increase of sub‐G1 phase, and activation of caspases in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. This apoptosis has been associated with the extrinsic pathway via Fas‐L and the intrinsic pathway via mitochondrial Bcl‐2 family members. Moreover, PD led to the phosphorylation of stresses‐activated protein kinases such as JNK and p38, followed by the activation of AP‐1. However, pretreatment with SB203580 (a p38 specific inhibitor) suppressed PD‐induced p38 and AP‐1 activation, and subsequently attenuated the PD‐induced apoptosis in AGS cells. These results suggest that p38 activation is responsible for PD‐induced apoptosis in AGS cells and PD might be useful for the development as the anticancer agent of gastric cancer. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 456–470, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Role of the Helicobacter pylori‐Induced inflammatory response in the development of gastric cancer
Authors: Lamb Acacia , Chen Lin‐Feng 
Published: September 2012

AbstractHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection causes chronic gastritis and peptic ulceration and is the strongest risk factor for the development of gastric cancer. The pathogenesis of H. pylori is believed to be associated with infection‐initiated chronic gastritis, which is characterized by enhanced expression of many inflammatory genes. H. pylori utilizes various virulence factors, targeting different cellular proteins, to modulate the host inflammatory response. In this review, we explore the many different ways by which H. pylori initiates inflammation, leveling many “hits” on the gastric mucosa which can lead to the development of cancer. We also discuss some recent findings in understanding the pathogen‐host interactions and the role of transcription factor NF‐κB in H. pylori‐induced inflammation. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 491–497, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.