bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REFLEXÕES SOBRE ÉTICA, ESTADO BRASILEIRO E EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Moura Dante Henrique 
Published: August 2014

Neste trabalho, discutimos a questão ética nas relações entre o estado brasileiro e os cidadãos, a partir de uma análise do papel do Estado, especialmente na esfera educacional.
Para isso nos valemos de uma revisão bibliográfica e de nossa própria experiência e conhecimento teórico-prático como profissional da educação. Inicialmente, fizemos um
resgate do sentido da ética e, posteriormente, realizamos análise à qual nos propusemos considerando como referencial o valor igualdade entre os indivíduos no que se refere ao acesso à educação. O estudo nos permitiu concluir que a relação entre o estado brasileiro e seus cidadãos carece de ética, uma vez que a igualdade não é alcançada sequer do ponto de vista formal previsto na Constituição Federal, na LDBEN e demais instrumentos legais.
Máxime que tratamos no texto da igualdade material, essa realmente, muito distanciada da relação entre o estado e a cidadania.

Palavras chave: educação, ética, estado brasileiro.
MONITORAMENTO DE SEDIMENTOS E REJEITOS DA USINA DE FERRO CARAJÁS ATRAVÉS DO SISTEMA DE GEOBARRAGEM (ESTUDO DE CASO)
Authors: Oliveira José Carlos , Xavier Fábio Valério Câmara , Sato Teruo , Campos José Anselmo , Walter Mauro Sérgio Miranda 
Published: August 2014

Com o objetivo de dar suporte atividades diárias de controle e para auxiliar a tomada de decisões na operação das barragens das minas de ferro da CVRD, Carajás-PA, foi
desenvolvido, em parceria com a empresa Geoexplore Consultoria e Serviços, um sistema de Gestão de Barragens baseado em geotecnologias. O GeoBarragem foi concebido para atuar na coleta de dados de campo, no armazenamento dos dados relacionados à gestão das barragens, na análise e integração espacial e na simulação do preenchimento das barragens. É composto por um coletor de dados através de Handheld, um Sistema Gerenciador de Banco de Dados, um software para integração e análise espacial de dados e um simulador de preenchimento de barragens.

Palavras chave: Monitoramento; Sedimentos e rejeitos; Geobarragem Minas de Ferro de
Carajás.
Editorial
Authors: Araújo André Luis Calado , Leite J Y P 
Published: August 2014

No seu quarto volume de 2009 a Holos apresenta Edição com os artigos selecionados do VI Congresso de Iniciação Científica - CONGIC, do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte.
O CONGIC foi realizado em novembro de 2009 e contou com a apresentação de cerca de 190 trabalhos de Iniciação Científica desenvolvidos na Instituição, como também trabalhos externos ao IFRN.
Os artigos representam uma parte significativa da inserção Institucional, em todos os seus campi, na pesquisa e nas suas diferentes áreas de atuação, tais como, agroecologia, alimentos, comércio, construção civil,educação, geologia e mineração, indústria, informática, meio ambiente e petróleo.
ANÁLISE DO CONSÓRCIO DE PRODUÇÃO E ABASTECIMENTO (CINPRA) DO MARANHÃO À LUZ DOS TEÓRICOS DAS REDES ORGANIZACIONAIS
Authors: Costa Ana Carolina Ribeiro , Nascimento A. B. F. M. , Tinôco D. S. 
Published: August 2014

O presente artigo estrutura-se em uma caracterização dos Consórcios Intermunicipais, seu processo de formação e o suporte teórico que lhe dá fundamentação: o neo-institucionalismo. Conseguinte, a revisão da literatura sobre redes organizacionais com um enfoque para seus mecanismos de imersão social (estrutural, cognitivo, cultural e político). O CINPRA - Consórcio Intermunicipal de Produção e Abastecimento, no estado do Maranhão, foi utilizado como foco do estudo por possuir uma experiência de quatorze anos de atuação, tendo suas ações reconhecidas e premiadas nacionalmente, sendo reconhecidas como experiência de prática inovadora na gestão pública. Por meio de uma pesquisa exploratória e da análise de conteúdo, os resultados bibliográficos e documentais caracterizam o CINPRA como uma rede organizacional. Documentos relatórios de gestão, sítios do governo federal, estadual e municipal, além de dados do IBGE e trabalhos acadêmicos foram utilizados como fontes de dados secundários. Por fim, conclui-se que os Consórcios Intermunicipais são um exemplo de rede organizacional e podem ser estudados através dos seus quatro principais mecanismos de imersão social: estrutural, cognitivo, cultural e político.
Palavras-Chaves: Redes Organizacionais. Consórcios Intermunicipais. CINPRA.
EL MÉTODO DE EXTRACCIÓN POR TRANSFERENCIA COMO ALTERNATIVA SOSTENIBLE PARA LA EXPLOTACIÓN DE YESO EN EL PÓLO GESSEIRO DO ARARIPE – BRASIL
Authors: Macêdo Filho Gregório Isaque , Alfonso Pura , De Souza Júlio Cesar 
Published: August 2014

La explotación de yeso en el Pólo Gesseiro do Araripe, Brasil es el mayor generador de desarrollo del Semiárido pernambucano, pero también es uno de los grandes proveedores de impactos negativos al medio ambiente.
Una alternativa de exploración sostenible del yeso en este sitio puede ser la selección de un método de laboreo que ofrezca menos impactos ambientales, y que transforme el área explorada en un local que continúe contribuyendo, de forma positiva, al ecosistema y al desarrollo regional.
Este trabajo compara el método de explotación por Cortas tradicionalmente utilizado en el Pólo, con el método tipo Transferencia que permite la recuperación del hueco al mismo tiempo que se desarrolla la mina, el cual resulta menos impactante desde el punto de vista ambiental y por tanto, considerado aquí como alternativa sostenible.
Al final se concluyó que la exploración de los yacimientos de yeso encontrados en esta región puede ser realizada de modo sostenible a través del método por Transferencia, por presentarse económicamente más eficiente y menos dañino al medio ambiente. Además, posibilita un posterior aprovechamiento económico del área explotada, transformando la minería en una actividad generadora de desarrollo inmediato y continuado.
INFLUÊNCIA DAS ESPÉCIES IÔNICAS DISSOLVIDAS NA FLOTAÇÃO DE CROMITA COM OLEATO
Authors: Baltar Carlos Adolpho Magalhães , Magalhães Filho T. A. , Medeiros A. R. S. 
Published: August 2014

O minério de cromo da Bahia é constituído por cromita (Cr2O3) e minerais de ganga como: magnetita, serpentinitos e piroxênios. A flotação seletiva é bastante complicada devido às características superficiais similares dos componentes mineralógicos. Além disso, essas espécies lançam, na polpa, uma considerável quantidade de íons que interferem fortemente no resultado da flotação.
Nesse trabalho verificou-se a influência das espécies iônicas dissolvidas, na ação do coletor, e a possibilidade de se conseguir seletividade em flotação com oleato de sódio. Os resultados sugerem a formação de compostos/precipitados, na forma de carboxilatos que apresentam ação fortemente depressora para concentrações de coletor de até 10-4M. A recuperação da cromita pode diminuir até 42% em relação à obtida em água destilada.
AS GESTÕES MUNICIPAIS E O USO DAS INFORMAÇÕES NO PACTO PELA SAÚDE NO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE.
Authors: Melo Cláudia Frederico de , Leite Maria Jalila Vieira de Figueirêdo , Carvalho Jovanka Bittencourt Leite de , Aquino Gilvânia Magda Luz de , Silva Edilene Rodrigues da , Macedo Cláudia Patrícia Costa de , Freire Flávio Henrique Miranda de Araújo 
Published: August 2014

O Pacto pela Saúde vem sendo para as gestões municipais uma experiência de grande relevância, em que uma nova forma de planejamento e avaliação tem sido proposta, com grande necessidade de utilização das informações em saúde. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o uso das informações no planejamento e execução das ações de saúde. Foram selecionados onze municípios de diferentes portes populacionais e de diferentes regiões do Estado. As opiniões foram coletadas através de entrevistas semiestruturadas e analisadas em quatro categorias. As opiniões foram coletadas através de	entrevistas semiestruturadas e analisadas em quatro categorias. Constatou-se que existe por parte dos gestores municipais uma avaliação positiva do processo de implantação do Pacto pela Saúde. Eles reconhecem a importância do uso das informações nos processos decisórios da gestão e aceitam as determinações impostas como naturais, sendo uma oportunidade de articulação e maior responsabilização. Identificaram, ainda, os principais problemas como propositivos, apresentando estratégias para superação dos mesmos para sua qualificação.
ENZYMATIC PRODUCTION OF ETHYL OLEATE ESTER USING A LIPASE FROM CANDIDA ANTARCTICA B
Authors: Sampaio Neta N. , Cunha J. A. C. , Sancho S. O. , Abreu R. F. A. , Pontes D. F. , Carioca J. O. B. , Rodrigues L. R. , Teixeira J. A. 
Published: August 2014

Lipases are biocatalysts of great importance in different areas, being able to catalyze reactions in aqueous or organic media. Furthermore, these enzymes are capable of using several substrates being stable in a wide range of pH and temperatures. Lipases promote the esterification between fatty acids and ethanol producing oleate esters. The aim of this work is to produce ethyl oleate ester by enzymatic esterification of oleic acid with ethanol. A lipase from Candida antarctica type B was used at a temperature of 55 °C. The reaction was conducted using oleic acid, sodium sulfate anhydrous, lipase and ethanol, with a ratio of oleic acid
(0.03 mol or 10 ml), lipase (0.1 mol or 0.01 g), sodium sulfate anhydrous (5 g) and ethanol 99 % (100 ml). Several reaction times were studied, namely 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H and 13C) and Infrared spectra confirmed the production of ethyl oleate ester for the studied conditions. The highest ethyl oleate production yield was obtained for 96 hours reaction time. Ethyl oleate esters have been reported to possess interesting applications in several industrial fields, such as food, aromatics, cosmetics, detergents, flavors and pharmaceuticals.
Peri‐Implant Bone Loss and Its Uncommon Causes: A Case Report
Authors: Tawse‐Smith Andrew , Atieh Momen A. , Leichter Jonathan , Girvan Liz , Rich Alison M. 
Published: August 2014

Introduction: Peri‐implantitis is often regarded as a biologic complication that may lead to late implant failure. However, the influence of confounding factors in this disease remains unclear. This case report highlights the interaction of other factors in the phenomena of crestal bone loss (CBL) associated with implant placement and presents an interventional treatment strategy.Case Presentation: A 70‐year‐old female was diagnosed with peri‐implantitis associated with an implant that was placed to replace a mandibular molar tooth. There was progressive CBL that continued despite the removal of the restoration. Peri‐implant therapy included a surgical intervention with a modification of the restoration. Inflamed tissues were excised for histologic evaluation. Metal‐like particles were shown in cytologic smears of peri‐implant areas. Subsequent evaluation of the inflamed connective tissue using scanning electron microscopy identified localized black scattered material. Energy‐dispersive spectrography analysis confirmed the presence of not only titanium particles but also gold, copper, and silver particles, with more particles at the epithelial junction.Conclusions: This report highlights the interplay between different confounding factors in the development and progression of peri‐implantitis and the importance of histologic examination in the management of peri‐implant diseases. Peri‐implantitis is no longer a biologic complication in which plaque is the sole factor. Functional wear and implant surface deterioration may need to be taken into account when analyzing the causes of CBL and implementing a multidisciplinary treatment plan. Future intervention studies need to pay more attention to the increasingly crucial role played by the mechanical properties of the surrounding bone and dental implants.
Use of Telemetry System to Control Gas Well Production while Adding Significant Value to Our Operations Offshore Ubit Field
Authors: Ogunlowo R. F. , Wanorue E. P. , Adeleye B. , Egbuzie C. U. , Ewherido U. J. , Alexander R. A. , Bekee E. K. , Babalola S. A. , Ineh G. C. , Okoli V. U. , Allagoa P. N. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Mobil Producing Nigeria (MPN) successfully deployed telemetry device in Ubit Field to remotely shut-in a gas source well whenever there is a system upset at the compressor facility thereby eliminating un-necessary gas production and associated flaring. The gas well was designed to produce gas cap gas for the purpose of gas lifting some wells on the remote un-manned wellhead platform where compressed gas is not available. The installation of this device was based on the Department of Petroleum Resources (DPR) directive on "no gas flare policy" in oil and gas field development and a demonstration of MPN's commitment to Regulatory compliance in Nigeria. Its implementation has potentially eliminated un-intended gas flaring, created cost savings on boat deployment and personnel travel time during emergency shut-in operations considering the distance of the um-manned platform to the production platform (PP). Gas-lifting itself has enabled production and additional reserves from hitherto shut-in wells as a result of low wellhead pressure (LWHP) caused by declining reservoir pressure or high water cut. Thus far, the device has performed creditably well till date enabling operations personnel to shut-in the gas source well remotely as required.
Its use has not gone without its own challenges but they were surmountable. These included issues of first time use of such equipment in our operation; and the type/size of battery which affected frequency of data transmission. The plan is to extend the use of the device to other gas source wells planned for other platforms. This is the first time in the history of the E & P industry a telemetry system is used to remotely monitor gas well production in Nigeria. Moreso, the construction and installation of the telemetry system achieved significant local content requirement.
Challenges in Identifying and Quantifying Hydrocarbons in Thinly Bedded, Laminated, and Low-Resistivity Pay Zones
Authors: Okowi Victor , Ishola Ade , Onuoha Vincent , Oifoghe Stanley 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Borehole images acquired in low-resistivity formations can help in the analysis of structural dip, fracture systems, depositional environments, borehole stability, and net-pay identification in thinly bedded sequences.
Net-sand analysis from these resistivity borehole images—in conjunction with results from a multicomponent induction logging service—helps to determine an accurate net-pay, even in thinly bedded intervals.
Laminated formations frequently exhibit electrical anisotropy where resistivity measured perpendicular to the bedding (Rv) is significantly higher than resistivity measured parallel to the bedding (Rh). This occurs when high-resistivity sand layers are interspersed with low-resistivity shale layers.
Analysis based on conventional resistivity tools will often bypass pay zones in thinly bedded sand-shale sequences. Average resistivity over these tools' vertical resolution can be misleadingly low and computed water saturation pessimistically high. This is a major cause of "low-resistivity pay" in thinly bedded laminated formations.
The multicomponent induction logging service is designed to efficiently and economically identify and quantify hydrocarbons in laminated, low-resistivity pay zones. It enables the determination of Rh and Rv. These resistivity measurements, when utilized with the laminated sand-shale analysis and stable tensor petrophysical model, enable the determination of the true formation resistivities and water saturations, and thus lead to accurate identification, and quantification of hydrocarbons-in-place (OIP).
In the Niger Delta where a comparison was made between the Water Saturation computed from Conventional and Multi-Component Resistivity, there was a 30% reduction in the computed Water Saturation, which gave a substantial increase in the computed OIP.
Fluid Characterization and EoS Modelling of PVT Experiments
Authors: Amao Temitope Olusegun , Amao Abiodun Matthew 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Equations of state (EoS) are used to simulate laboratory pressure, volume and temperature (PVT) experiments. Each PVT experiment mimics a form of phase behavior progression for the reservoir fluid from the reservoir and ultimately to the surface facilities. The use of a characterized fluid sample in compositional reservoir simulation study is precluded by a comparison and regression of EoS simulations to PVT laboratory data.
In this study, EoS phase behavior software was applied to match laboratory PVT data of several reservoir fluid samples from offshore Niger Delta. The paper presents the fluid characterization routines, simulations, and regression capabilities of the software which was used for the determination of EoS parameters needed to match experimental data.
Four EoS models are available through the generalized Martin's equation in the software used. This enabled the use of Redlich-Kwong (RK), Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK), Peng-Robinson (PR) and Zudkevitch-Joffe (ZJ) EoS. Two 3-parameter extensions of the PR EoS are also available, one based on a Peneloux et al. volume shift, the other being an implementation of the Schmidt-Wenzel (SW) two-parameter PR EoS. The SRK EoS similarly has a three-parameter extension. This gives a total of seven different EoS models. The predictive capability, strength and weaknesses of these models were subsequently compared and analyzed.
Effect of the degree of input fluid characterization and pseudodization on EoS PVT experimental modeling was investigated i.e. characterization to C7+, C12+, C20+, C30+, on the simulation output for each of the EoS models available in the software. The results showed varying degree of simulated experimental data congruence depending on the PVT experiment being modeled. With regression, both the PR and ZJ EoS gave comparable and generally good agreement with laboratory data. Without regression or significant tuning of EoS parameters, neither EoS adequately predicts observed reservoir fluid PVT behavior. This work further elucidates the succinct effect of fluid models used in compositional reservoir simulations which forms the basis for different production scenario and realizations.
Influence of Long Chain Acrylate Ester Polymers as Wax Inhibitors in Crude Oil Pipelines
Authors: Adeyanju Olusiji Ayoade , Oyekunle Layioye Ola 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Reliable technical methods for wax build up control in pipelines are critical to the production of crude oil in deep cold water environments. The effectiveness of groups of acrylate ester copolymers of varying alkyl side chains as pour point depressants (PPD) and as wax deposit inhibitors during the flow of crude oil in subsea pipeline was investigated. Three crude oil samples from different oil fields in the Niger Delta of Nigeria were employed. The overall average wax inhibition (OAWI) of 15 – 35% obtained with the acrylate ester copolymers was an improvement compared to the values of 8 – 23% reported from the previous studies.
Polymer of similar chemical structures as the crude oil was observed to be effective in the inhibition of wax deposits of such crude oil. Wax inhibition percentages of 25-55% were obtained at high coolant temperatures (above 20°C), but many of the inhibitors exhibited poor performance at low temperatures (below 10°C), with wax inhibition percentage as low as -8%. Addition of demulsifier to the solution of the oil and the polymer was found to improve the wax inhibiting ability. The overall average wax inhibition (OAWI) value of 15.6% was recorded by the use of the demulsifier as against the value of 7.4% without the demulsifier.
Periodontal consequences of mandibular incisor proclination during presurgical orthodontic treatment in Class III malocclusion patients
Authors: Choi Yoon Jeong , Chung Chooryung J. , Kim Kyung-Ho 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To test the hypothesis that periodontal changes are similar between proclined and minimal-changed mandibular incisor position groups during presurgical orthodontic treatment for Class III orthognathic surgery.

Materials and Methods:
The following measurements were performed before and after presurgical orthodontic treatment of 75 patients (proclination group, 39 subjects; minimal-change group, 36 subjects): clinical crown length, sulcus and bone probing depths, and width of attached gingiva from clinical examination; infradentale-to-MP (perpendicular distance of infradentale to mandibular plane) from examination of lateral cephalograms; and the distance between the cementoenamel junction and alveolar crest from examination of periapical radiographs. Data were compared between the two groups, and a regression analysis was performed to investigate factors affecting the periodontal changes.

Results:
In both groups, clinical crown length and bone probing depth increased during presurgical orthodontics (P &lt; .05). Infradentale-to-MP and the width of attached gingiva decreased more in the proclination group than in the minimal-change group (P &lt; .05). Proclination and protrusion of the mandibular incisors, and treatment duration affected the periodontal changes.

Conclusions:
The null hypothesis was rejected. Proclination of the mandibular incisors for decompensation in Class III surgery patients seems to result in labial alveolar bone recession and a decrease in width of attached gingiva. However, the amount of the periodontal recession appeared to be clinically insignificant.
Histological Scoring for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease  A Study in 55 Cases
Authors: Khanam Rehana , Kamal Muhammad , Jahan Fauzia , Ghosh P. K. 
Published: August 2014

Background: Steatohepatitis is a pattern of liver injury that may be seen in alcoholic or nonalcoholic liver disease. This morphological changes may occur with obesity, diabetes, the use of certain drugs or it may be idiopathic. The main histopathological features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) include hepatocellular steatosis and ballooning, mixed acute and chronic lobular inflammation and fibrosis. The recently developed histological scoring system for NAFLD by the NASH Clinical Research Network (NASH CRN) is becoming increasingly popular. The purpose of this study was to develop grading andstaging system and was based on liver biopsies from 50 patients with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis from BSMMU and other clinics of Dhaka city.Objective: This study was done to analyze the histological spectrum and to develop grading and staging system in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 55 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected for the study. Liver biopsy was done at hepatology department of BSMMU, and different clinics of the Dhaka City from july 2006 to june 2007. The data of patients along with histopathological reports were studied.Results: Out of total 55 cases of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease 33 were male (63.63%) and 22 were female (40%). Mean age of the patient was 37.81±10.80 years. 35 (63.63%) patients were obese. 2 patients (3.63%) were diabetic. Among 55 patients NAFL (steatosis) were diagnosed in 6 patients (10.90%) and NASH in 49 patients (89.09%). Forty two (16.36%) of the 46 Definite NASH biopsy specimen exhibited fibrosis and three had cirrhosis.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.19638 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 114-118