bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining a social‐participatory youth co‐researcher methodology: a cross‐case analysis extending possibilities of literacy and research
Authors: Watson Vaughn W. M. , Marciano Joanne E. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAt a time when youth are increasingly negotiating new media literacy practices across multiple contexts, literacy researchers are compelled to take notice and reconsider methodologies that centre the researcher, to purposefully engage youth's knowledge, identities and new media literacies as research methodologies. To that end, the authors constructed and enacted a Social‐Participatory Youth Co‐Researcher methodology across two in‐depth interpretive qualitative research studies. Specifically, the authors describe and analyse how such a methodology enacts purposeful researcher roles for youth that forefront their emerging literacies and complicate static notions of teacher, research(er), standardised curriculum and teacher evaluation whilst youth grapple with issues of educational equity.
Nurse‐physician collaboration and associations with perceived autonomy in Cypriot critical care nurses
Authors: Georgiou Evanthia , Papathanassoglou Elizabeth DE , Pavlakis Andreas 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBackground and aimsIncreased nurse‐physician collaboration is a factor in improved patient outcomes. Limited autonomy of nurses has been proposed as a barrier to collaboration. This study aims to explore nurse‐physician collaboration and potential associations with nurses' autonomy and pertinent nurses' characteristics in adult intensive care units (ICUs) in Cyprus.Design and MethodsDescriptive correlational study with sampling of the entire adult ICU nurses' population in Cyprus (five ICUs in four public hospitals, n = 163, response rate 88·58%). Nurse‐physician collaboration was assessed by the Collaboration and Satisfaction About Care Decisions Scale (CSACD), and autonomy by the Varjus et al. scale.ResultsThe average CSACD score was 36·36 ± 13·30 (range: 7–70), implying low levels of collaboration and satisfaction with care decisions. Male participants reported significantly lower CSACD scores (t = 2·056, p = 0·04). CSACD correlated positively with years of ICU nursing experience (r = 0·332, p < 0·0001) and professional satisfaction (r = 0·455, p < 0·0001). The mean autonomy score was 76·15 ± 16·84 (range: 18–108). Higher degree of perceived collaboration (CSACD scores) associated with higher autonomy scores (r = 0·508, p <0·0001).ConclusionsOur findings imply low levels of nurse‐physician collaboration and satisfaction with care decisions and moderate levels of autonomy in ICU nurses in Cyprus.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results provide insight into the association between nurse‐physician collaboration and nurses' autonomy and the correlating factors.
Revisiting Old Friends: The Production, Distribution and Use of Peterborough Ware in Britain
Authors: Ard Vincent , Darvill Timothy 
Published: January 2015

SummaryPeterborough Ware is now recognized as the dominant ceramic tradition of the middle Neolithic in southern Britain during the period 3400–2800 BC, part of a wider north European family of Impressed Wares. Drawing on an extensive inventory of 600 recorded assemblages constructed by enriching previous lists with the results of development‐driven research carried out over the last 20 years or so, this paper reviews the production, distribution and use of Peterborough Ware. Support is found for the traditional sub‐division of the Peterborough Ware series into three sub‐styles: Ebbsfleet, Mortlake and Fengate Wares on the basis of the materials used, forms, and the decorative schemes preferred in each. The overall distribution of Peterborough Ware focuses on south‐eastern Britain although there are important assemblages from areas to the west and north, especially those composed of Mortlake Ware. The range of contexts in which Peterborough Ware was deposited is wide, but suggests a backward‐looking attitude in which the users of this style of pottery were trying to connect with their past.
An Absolute Chronological Framework for the Central‐Eastern European Eneolithic
Authors: Wencel Maciej Mateusz 
Published: January 2015

SummaryBayesian analysis of a large corpus of radiocarbon measurements from central and eastern Europe has been performed in order to revisit and modify archaeological models of the spatio‐temporal development of three Eneolithic cultures (the Funnel Beaker, the Globular Amphora and the Corded Ware cultures). While the results place the origins of the Funnel Beaker and the Corded Ware cultures in central‐eastern Poland, it was impossible to specify the place of origin of the Globular Amphora complex.
IronAgeSaunas ofNorthernPortugal: State of the Art and Research Perspectives
Authors: García Quintela Marco V. , Santos‐Estévez Manuel 
Published: January 2015

SummarySpecial buildings used as saunas have been found in certain large hillforts in the north ofPortugal and in theCantabrian coastal area ofAsturias andGalicia inSpain. The principal aim of this study is to highlight the importance of these buildings in the archaeology and art of theEuropeanIronAge, where they are very rarely mentioned. Two approaches are developed: inParts 1 and 2, we explain the structure of the buildings, their function, and the current debate surrounding their dating. InParts 3 and 4, further analyses are developed on their position in the landscape, associating the saunas with the public life of the hillforts, and on the decorative structure of the pedras formosas (‘beautiful stones’) found in some of them, and their relation to certain artistic trends in so‐called Celtic art.
Exponential Decline in the Dispersal of Stone Artefacts in Roman Britain: Further Expressions of Trade
Authors: Allen J.R.L. 
Published: January 2015

SummarySeveral industries that exploited stone are known to have sprung up in Iron Age–Roman and Roman Britain. They include the fashioning of rotary querns from the Upper Old Red Sandstone of the Forest of Dean and the Lower Cretaceous Hythe Beds (Lodsworth rock) of West Sussex, the production of whetstones from sandstones in the Weald Clay Formation of the north‐west Weald, and the manufacture of a wide range of products from the Upper Jurassic Purbeck Marble of south‐east Dorset. The dispersal of goods from these sources is found to exhibit a similar exponential decline with distance to that previously demonstrated for prehistoric stone artefacts and Romano‐British ceramics. Evidently, interactions at settlements led to the retention of a roughly constant proportion of the goods brought there.
Identification and Management of Noncompliance in Atrial Fibrillation Patients Receiving Dabigatran: The Role of a Drug Monitor
Authors: HU YU‐FENG , LIAO JO‐NAN , CHERN CHANG‐MING , WENG CHING‐HUI , LIN YENN‐JIANG , CHANG SHIH‐LIN , WU CHENG‐HSUEH , SUNG SHIH‐HSIEN , WANG KANG‐LING , LU TSE‐MIN , CHAO TZE‐FAN , LO LI‐WEI , CHUNG FA‐PO , HSU LI‐CHI , CHEN SHIH‐ANN 
Published: January 2015

BackgroundNoncompliant patients might be at risk of thromboembolism because of the short half‐life and rapid offset of dabigatran etexilate. The assessment and management of dabigatran noncompliance should be optimized.Methods and ResultsA total of 150 nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients receiving dabigatran were prospectively enrolled and followed for drug compliance and persistence. Noncompliance was identified by questionnaires and interviews. The hemoclot thrombin inhibitor (HTI) assay was used for monitoring the plasma dabigatran levels. Sixteen patients were noncompliant (10.7%). None of the clinical characteristics were significantly relevant to noncompliance after multivariate analysis. The dabigatran plasma level based on HTI was the only independent predictor of noncompliance (odds ratio: 0.97 per ng/mL, P = 0.003). The prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio of PT (INR [PT]), and activated partial thromboplastin time did not differ between compliant and noncompliant patients. During the follow‐up, the persistent prescription of dabigatran was noted in 75% of noncompliant patients without improvement in compliance. The drug discontinuation rate was higher in the noncompliant than compliant patients (6.7% vs. 25%, P = 0.035). None of the patients in either group received warfarin after discontinuing dabigatran.ConclusionsThe assessment and management of dabigatran noncompliance is generally ignored in clinical practice. The measurement of dabigatran plasma levels by HTI could be a reliable and simple method to identify noncompliant patients.
Transcription co‐activator Arabidopsis ANGUSTIFOLIA3 (AN3) regulates water‐use efficiency and drought tolerance by modulating stomatal density and improving root architecture by the transrepression of YODA (YDA)
Authors: Meng Lai‐Sheng , Yao Shun‐Qiao 
Published: January 2015

SummaryOne goal of modern agriculture is the improvement of plant drought tolerance and water‐use efficiency (WUE). Although stomatal density has been linked to WUE, the causal molecular mechanisms and engineered alternations of this relationship are not yet fully understood. Moreover, YODA (YDA), which is a MAPKK kinase gene, negatively regulates stomatal development. BR‐INSENSITIVE 2 interacts with phosphorylates and inhibits YDA. However, whether YDA is modulated in the transcriptional level is still unclear. Plants lacking ANGUSTIFOLIA3 (AN3) activity have high drought stress tolerance because of low stomatal densities and improved root architecture. Such plants also exhibit enhanced WUE through declining transpiration without a demonstrable reduction in biomass accumulation. AN3 negatively regulated YDA expression at the transcriptional level by target‐gene analysis. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis indicated that AN3 was associated with a region of the YDA promoter in vivo. YDA mutation significantly decreased the stomatal density and root length of an3 mutant, thus proving the participation of YDA in an3 drought tolerance and WUE enhancement. These components form an AN3–YDA complex, which allows the integration of water deficit stress signalling into the production or spacing of stomata and cell proliferation, thus leading to drought tolerance and enhanced WUE.
Inhibiting plant microRNA activity: molecular SPONGEs, target MIMICs and STTMs all display variable efficacies against target microRNAs
Authors: Reichel Marlene , Li Yanjiao , Li Junyan , Millar Anthony A. 
Published: January 2015

SummaryElucidation of microRNA (miRNA) function through a loss‐of‐function approach has proven difficult due to extensive genetic redundancy among most plant and animal miRNA families. Consequently, miRNA decoy technologies such as target MIMICs (MIMs) and short tandem target MIMICs (STTMs) in plants or molecular SPONGEs (SPs) in animals have been developed to generate loss‐of‐function phenotypes by perturbing endogenous miRNA activity. To test whether SPs can inhibit plant miRNA activity, synthetic SP transgenes containing multiple miRNA binding sites targeting different Arabidopsis miRNA families were generated. Additionally, their silencing efficacies were compared to the corresponding MIM and STTM transgenes via scoring the frequency and severity of phenotypic abnormalities elicited by each transgene. While SPs with wild‐type miRNA binding sites have no apparent impact, SPs containing miRNA binding sites with two central mismatches (cmSPs) can generate strong loss‐of‐function phenotypes. However, their efficacy varied dramatically, from inducing strong loss‐of‐function phenotypes to failing to produce any phenotypic impact. Variability was also observed when MIMs and STTMs were compared to cmSPs. While cmSP165/166 and STTM165/166 showed a stronger efficacy than MIM165/166, MIM159 was stronger than cmSP159 and STTM159. Although increasing the number of miRNA binding sites or strengthening the free energy of the miRNA binding site interaction can improve decoy efficacy, clearly additional unknown overriding factors are at play. In conclusion, we demonstrate that no one approach guarantees the strongest miRNA inhibition, but rather distinct miRNA families respond differently to the various approaches, suggesting that multiple approaches may need to be taken to generate the desired loss‐of‐function outcome.
B‐Mode and Doppler Sonography of the Mammary Glands in Dairy Goats for Mastitis Diagnosis
Authors: Santos VJC , Simplício K , Sanchez D , Coutinho L , Teixeira P , Barros F , Almeida V , Rodrigues L , Bartlewski P , Oliveira M , Feliciano M , Vicente W 
Published: January 2015

ContentsThis study aimed to evaluate the sonographic characteristics of the udder and teats and to determine the Doppler indexes of mammary artery in healthy and undergoing subclinical and clinical mastitis goats. Thirty animals among Saanen and Alpine Brown goats were arranged in three groups, healthy goats (HG), goats with subclinical mastitis (SMG) and goats with clinical mastitis (CMG). Using the B‐mode, the sonographic characteristics (echotexture and echogenicity) and biometry (diameter and area of the udder cistern, diameter and area of the teat cistern and thickness of the teat wall) were evaluated. Using Doppler ultrasonography, the vascular indexes of the mammary artery were obtained. It was observed hyperechogenicity with solid component in the gland cistern when comparing animals with clinical mastitis and healthy mammary tissue. Regarding the echotexture of the breast tissue, there was heterogeneity in the mammary parenchyma on the three groups, for the milk, it was observed homogeneity for animals on HG and SMG and heterogeneity for animals on CMG. Grey‐scale quantitative assessment revealed increase in echogenicity (mean value) for all the structures when comparing the three groups. Biometry did not reveal statistical difference between groups, for none of the evaluated structures. Doppler examination of the mammary artery showed the decrease of end diastolic velocity and raise of pulsatility index between groups. The association of B‐mode and Doppler ultrasonography is useful for the evaluation of the udder of dairy goats with mastitis. It is a sensitive and specific method for the study of this disease. Doppler mode was unable to establish reliable criteria for diagnosis of subclinical mastitis. Moreover, the quantification of echogenicity is a useful technique for the evaluation of the milk in animals with mastitis; therefore, it is suggested that it can be used as complementary technique for the diagnosis of mastitis in goats.
Intellectual Property, Scientific Independence, and the Efficacy and Environmental Impacts of Genetically Engineered Crops
Authors: Glenna Leland L. , Tooker John , Welsh J. Rick , Ervin David 
Published: January 2015

AbstractNeoliberalism is the political ideology behind efforts to commercialize university science. The development of genetically engineered (GE) crops has facilitated the commercialization process because GE crops generally have more restrictive intellectual property protections than conventional crops. Those restrictions have led some to question whether long‐term university research and innovations are being compromised to protect short‐term intellectual property interests. This concern is evident in two letters submitted by public‐sector entomologists in February 2009 to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The letters asserted that scientists are prohibited from conducting fully independent research on the efficacy and environmental impact of GE crops. In response to the letter, the American Seed Trade Association (ASTA) negotiated an agreement between university scientists and seed companies to protect industry property rights while enabling university scientists to conduct research with more independence. Through a survey of public‐ and private‐sector entomologists who are members of two regional entomologist research groups, we document scientists' perspectives on the adequacy of the ASTA agreement and whether those scientists have experienced limitations on their research projects involving efficacy and environmental impacts. Our findings show that limitations exist and that certain forms of public knowledge about crops are likely being compromised. These findings have implications for the legitimacy of current risk management institutions, as well as for future technological breakthroughs and innovations.
Challenging Racism and White Privilege in Undergraduate Theology Contexts: Teaching and Learning Strategies for Maximizing the Promise of Community Service‐Learning
Authors: Reed‐Bouley Jennifer , Kyle Eric 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThis paper explores the possibilities and challenges inherent in employing community service‐learning as a pedagogy for engaging undergraduates in theology and religious studies courses that contribute to racial reconciliation. The paper summarizes research from the scholarship of teaching and learning on best practices for structuring service‐learning projects and processes that hold the possibility of students' genuine engagement with issues of race and the wisdom of theCatholic tradition.
Working through the Problems of Study Abroad Using the Methodologies of Religious Studies
Authors: Siegler Elijah 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAfter illustrating the joys of teaching religious studies abroad with an anecdote from my trip to China, I warn of some of its inherent pedagogical and ethical challenges. I argue that teaching some of the “new directions” in religious studies scholarship might address these challenges. These include a turning away from the abstract (texts, beliefs, theologies) and towards the concrete (bodies, places, rituals); moving away from teaching religions as unchanging, ancient verities and instead emphasizing the impact that colonialism, modernization, and secularism have had; moving from searching for authenticity to questioning it; and emphasizing methodological self‐consciousness. Keeping these new directions in mind will help ensure the study abroad experience is educationally successful. This essay serves as an introduction to a series of six additional essays comprising a special section of the journal (see Teaching Theology and Religion 18:1, January 2015).
What Do We Compare When We Compare Religions? Philosophical Remarks on the Psychology of Studying Comparative Religion Abroad
Authors: Irvine Andrew 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe issue of comparison is a vexing one in religious and theological studies, not least for teachers of comparative religion in study abroad settings. We try to make familiar ideas fresh and strange, in settings where students may find it hard not to take “fresh” and “strange” as signs of existential threat. The author explores this delicate pedagogical situation, drawing on several years' experience directing a study abroad program and on the thought of figures from the Western existentialist tradition and Chinese Confucian philosophy. The article focuses particularly on “oh events” – defined as moments when one learns one has something to learn and something to unlearn. The author argues that the experience of shame that is typical of oh events can become a valuable resource for cross‐cultural learning and personal transformation, if teachers assist students to reflect on the experience as a sign of differing, but potentially harmonizable, cultural expectations. This essay is published alongside of six other essays, including a response from John Barbour, comprising a special section of the journal (see Teaching Theology and Religion 18:1, January 2015).
The Immersion Experience: Lessons from Study Abroad in Religion
Authors: Mitchell Kerry 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThis paper discusses strategies I employed during seven years of teaching within a study abroad program focusing on religion. This year‐long program traveled to four Asian countries and included immersion experiences in monasteries, ashrams, and other religious institutions. I identify four principles and discuss accompanying exercises that guided my teaching: (1) Accept and observe anxiety. Inability to understand is a sign that direct and deep contact is taking place. (2) Educate about education. Help students to see the aims, assumptions, and context of the teaching strategies religious practitioners employ. (3) Make it practical. Devise exercises that students can do and do well and that do not demand synthetic, systematic comprehension even as a goal. (4) Stop making sense. Build pauses and breaks into the train of reflection on the meaning of experience. These spaces give room for the shifts in the ways of learning that study abroad demands. This essay is published alongside of six other essays, including a response from John Barbour, comprising a special section of the journal (see Teaching Theology and Religion 18:1, January 2015).
Inverting the Object of Study: Recalibrating the Frame of Reference in Study Abroad Experiences
Authors: Palmer Norris W. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThis essay is concerned with study abroad experiences as opportunities for student cognitive development, using the interpretive lens of educational psychologist William G. Perry. A standard and often valuable assignment in courses on world religions is a site visit to a religious institution in one's local area. This may concretize otherwise abstract materials and help students reflect on ways in which the lived experience of religion differs from its presentation in course texts and other academic materials. Increasingly, study abroad trips are being offered as extended and more intensive ways of bringing this material to life, offering students opportunity to see lived religion within another cultural framework. At the heart of this paper is the contention that such study abroad experiences function not simply as longer, more intense versions of site visits but, rather, as experiences that invert the subject and object of study. The worldview of the student becomes a primary object of study, which is examined, as it were, by the particulars of the religion(s) under investigation and the cultures of which said religion(s) are a part. Where site visits offer students an opportunity to visit the strange amidst the familiar, study abroad trips provide opportunities for students to become the strange within a recalibrated familiar. The subject becomes the object and is interrogated by the context of study. While local, stateside site visits can offer a degree of such dislocation, their brevity, together with some degree of assimilation to the larger culture flows on the part of the local religious institution being visited, most often mitigates any significant inversion. Students generally see such institutions as either mildly or wildly exotic, but always within their frame of reference, which constitutes the norm. When abroad, the normative experience of students is often subverted in ways that lay bare the assumptions behind such views and makes possible another world in which to live. Simply put, the subject and object of study change places. If this inversion is carefully attended to, it can provide rich insight into not only the topics nominally being studied but also occasion opportunity for real cognitive development on the part of the student. This essay is published alongside of six other essays, including a response from John Barbour, comprising a special section of the journal (see Teaching Theology and Religion 18:1, January 2015).