bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral keratinocyte stem/progenitor cells: specific markers, molecular signaling pathways and potential uses
Authors: Calenic Bogdan , Greabu Maria , Caruntu Constantin , Tanase Cristiana , Battino Maurizio 
Published: August 2015

AbstractOral keratinocyte stem cells reside in the basal layers of the oral epithelium, representing a minor population of cells with a great potential to self‐renew and proliferate over the course of their lifetime. As a result of the potential uses of oral keratinocyte stem cells in regenerative medicine and the key roles they play in tissue homeostasis, inflammatory conditions, wound healing and tumor initiation and progression, intense scientific efforts are currently being undertaken to identify, separate and reprogram these cells. Although currently there is no specific marker that can characterize and isolate oral keratinocyte stem cells, several suggestions have been made. Thus, different stem/progenitor‐cell subpopulations have been categorized based on combinations of positive and/or negative membrane‐surface markers, which include integrins, clusters of differentiation and cytokeratins. Important advances have also been made in understanding the molecular pathways that govern processes such as self‐renewal, differentiation, proliferation, wound healing and programmed cell death. A thorough understanding of stem‐cell biology and the molecular players that govern cellular fate is paramount in the quest for using stem‐cell‐derived therapies in the treatment of various oral pathologies. The current review focuses on recent advances in understanding the molecular signaling pathways coordinating the behavior of these cells and in identifying suitable markers used for their isolation and characterization. Special emphasis will also be placed on the roles played by oral keratinocyte stem and progenitor cells in normal and diseased oral tissues and on their potential uses in the fields of general medicine and dentistry.
In vivo Rac/Rop localization as well as interaction with RhoGAP and RhoGDI in tobacco pollen tubes: analysis by low‐level expression of fluorescent fusion proteins and bimolecular fluorescence complementation
Authors: Sun Jia , Eklund D. Magnus , Montes‐Rodriguez Adriana , Kost Benedikt 
Published: August 2015

SummaryPolarized Rac/Rop GTPase signaling plays a key role in polar cell growth, which is essential for plant morphogenesis. The molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for the polarization of Rac/Rop signaling during polar cell growth are only partially understood. Mutant variants of Rac/Rop GTPases lacking specific functions are important tools to investigate these mechanisms, and have been employed to develop a model suggesting that RhoGAP (GTPase activating protein) and RhoGDI (Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitor) mediated recycling of Rac/Rop GTPases maintains apical polarization of Rac/Rop activity in pollen tubes, which elongate by ‘tip growth’ (an extreme form of polar cell growth). Despite the importance of these mutant variants for Rac/Rop functional characterization, their distinct intracellular distributions have not been thoroughly comparatively and quantitatively analyzed. Furthermore, support for the proposed RhoGAP and RhoGDI functions in apical polarization of Rac/Rop activity based on the analysis of in vivo interactions between these proteins and Rac/Rop GTPases has been missing. Here, extensive fluorescent protein tagging and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) analyses are described of the intracellular distributions of wild type and mutant variants of the tobacco pollen tube Rac/Rop GTPase Nt‐Rac5, as well as of interactions of these Nt‐Rac5 variants with RhoGAP and RhoGDI proteins, in normally growing transiently transformed pollen tubes. Presented results substantially enhance our understanding of apical dynamics of pollen tube Rac/Rop signaling proteins, confirm previously proposed RhoGAP and RhoGDI functions in Rac/Rop polarization and provide important technical insights facilitating future in vivo protein localization and BiFC experiments in pollen tubes.
Genome Sequences of Four Staphylococcus capitis NRCS-A Isolates from Geographically Distant Neonatal Intensive Care Units
Authors: Lemriss H. , Lemriss S. , Martins-Simoes P. , Butin M. , Lahlou L. , Rasigade J.-P. , Kearns A. , Denis O. , Deighton M. , Ibrahimi A. , Laurent F. , El Kabbaj S. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus capitis
pulsotype NRCS-A was previously reported as a frequent cause of late-onset sepsis in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) worldwide. Here, we report the whole-genome shotgun sequences of four
S. capitis
pulsotype NCRS-A strains, CR03, CR04, CR05, and CR09, isolated from Belgium, Australia, the United Kingdom, and France, respectively.
Complete Genome Sequences of
Mandrillus leucophaeus
and
Papio ursinus
Cytomegaloviruses
Authors: Blewett Earl Linwood , Sherrod Carly J. , Texier Jordan R. , Conrad Tom M. , Dittmer Dirk P. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

The complete genome sequences of
Mandrillus leucophaeus
and
Papio ursinus
cytomegaloviruses were determined. An isolate from a drill monkey, OCOM6-2, and an isolate from a chacma baboon, OCOM4-52, were subjected to pyrosequencing and assembled. Comparative alignment of published primate cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) showed variable sequence conservation between species.
Draft Genome Sequence of Delftia tsuruhatensis MTQ3, a Strain of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium with Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Hou Qihui , Wang Chengqiang , Guo Haimeng , Xia Zhilin , Ye Jiangping , Liu Kai , Yang Yanan , Hou Xiaoyang , Liu Hu , Wang Jun , Du Binghai , Ding Yanqin 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Delftia tsuruhatensis
MTQ3 is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) isolated from tobacco rhizosphere. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
D. tsuruhatensis
MTQ3. Several functional genes related to antimicrobial activity and environment adaption have been found in the genome. This is the first genome sequence of
D. tsuruhatensis
related to PGPR.
Complete Genome Sequences of Chrysanthemum Stunt Viroid from a Single Chrysanthemum Cultivar
Authors: Choi Hoseong , Jo Yeonhwa , Yoon Ju-Yeon , Choi Seung-Kook , Cho Won Kyong 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

The chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd), a member of the genus
Pospiviroid
with a single circular RNA genome, infects many chrysanthemum species. Here, we report 25 complete genome sequences of CSVd in a single chrysanthemum cultivar, revealing 20 variants.
High-Quality Genome Sequence of Bacillus vireti DSM 15602
T
for Setting Up Phylogenomics for the Genomic Taxonomy of
Bacillus
-Like Bacteria
Authors: Liu Guo-Hong , Liu Bo , Wang Jie-Ping , Che Jian-Mei , Chen Qian-Qian , Chen Zheng 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Bacillus vireti
DSM 15602
T
is a Gram-negative, spore-forming, and facultatively anaerobic bacterium. Here, we report the 5.309-Mb draft genome sequence of
B. vireti
DSM 15602
T
, which will provide useful information for setting up phylogenomics for the genomic taxonomy of
Bacillus
-like bacteria, as well as for the functional gene mining and application of
B. vireti
.
Draft Genome Sequence of Corynebacterium striatum 1961 BR-RJ/09, a Multidrug-Susceptible Strain Isolated from the Urine of a Hospitalized 37-Year-Old Female Patient
Authors: Mattos-Guaraldi Ana L. , Guimarães Luis C. , Santos Carolina S. , Veras Adonney A. O. , Carneiro Adriana R. , Soares Siomar C. , Ramos Juliana N. , Souza Cassius , Vieira Veronica V. , Hirata Raphael , Azevedo Vasco , Pacheco Luis G. C. , Silva Artur , Ramos Rommel T. J. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Corynebacterium striatum
commonly colonizes the normal skin and nasopharyngeal tract of humans; however, this potentially pathogenic bacterium has been identified as the causative agent of several nosocomial infections. The current study describes the draft genome of strain 1961 BR-RJ/09, isolated from the urine of a hospitalized patient from Brazil.
Draft Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium bohemicum Strain DSM 44277
T
Authors: Asmar Shady , Phelippeau Michael , Robert Catherine , Croce Olivier , Drancourt Michel 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

The
Mycobacterium bohemicum
strain is a nontuberculosis species mainly responsible for pediatric cervical lymphadenitis. The draft genome of
M. bohemicum
DSM 44277
T
comprises 5,097,190 bp exhibiting a 68.64% G+C content, 4,840 protein-coding genes, and 75 predicted RNA genes.
Genome Sequence of the Acidophilic Sulfate-Reducing
Peptococcaceae
Strain CEB3
Authors: Petzsch Patrick , Poehlein Anja , Johnson D. Barrie , Daniel Rolf , Schlömann Michael , Mühling Martin 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

We report the draft genome of the
Peptococcaceae
strain CEB3 that originated from an acidic (pH 2.5) stream draining an abandoned copper mine. Strain CEB3 is one of the very few reported acidophilic sulfate-reducing isolates. The 5.04-Mb draft genome harbors 5,069 predicted protein-encoding and 66 RNA genes.
Targeting the miR-221–222/PUMA/BAK/BAX Pathway Abrogates Dexamethasone Resistance in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Zhao Jian-Jun , Chu Zhang-Bo , Hu Yu , Lin Jianhong , Wang Zhongqiu , Jiang Meng , Chen Ming , Wang Xujun , Kang Yue , Zhou Yangsheng , Chonghaile Triona Ni , Johncilla Melanie E. , Tai Yu-Tzu , Cheng Jin Q. , Letai Antony , Munshi Nikhil C. , Anderson Kenneth C. , Carrasco Ruben D. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Despite recent therapeutic advances that have doubled the median survival time of patients with multiple myeloma, intratumor genetic heterogeneity contributes to disease progression and emergence of drug resistance. miRNAs are noncoding small RNAs that play important roles in the regulation of gene expression and have been implicated in cancer progression and drug resistance. We investigated the role of the miR-221–222 family in dexamethasone-induced drug resistance in multiple myeloma using the isogenic cell lines MM1R and MM1S, which represent models of resistance and sensitivity, respectively. Analysis of array comparative genome hybridization data revealed gain of chromosome X regions at band p11.3, wherein the miR-221–222 resides, in resistant MM1R cells but not in sensitive MM1S cells. DNA copy number gains in MM1R cells were associated with increased miR-221–222 expression and downregulation of p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) as a likely proapoptotic target. We confirmed PUMA mRNA as a direct target of miR-221–222 in MM1S and MM1R cells by both gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies. In addition, miR-221–222 treatment rendered MM1S cells resistant to dexamethasone, whereas anti-miR-221–222 partially restored the dexamethasone sensitivity of MM1R cells. These studies have uncovered a role for miR-221–222 in multiple myeloma drug resistance and suggest a potential therapeutic role for inhibitors of miR-221–222 binding to PUMA mRNA as a means of overcoming dexamethasone resistance in patients. The clinical utility of this approach is predicated on the ability of antisense miR-221–222 to increase survival while reducing tumor burden and is strongly supported by the metastatic propensity of MM1R cells in preclinical mouse xenograft models of multiple myeloma. Moreover, our observation of increased levels of miR-221–222 with decreased PUMA expression in multiple myeloma cells from patients at relapse versus untreated controls suggests an even broader role for miR-221–222 in drug resistance and provides a rationale for the targeting of miR-221–222 as a means of improving patient outcomes. Cancer Res; 75(20); 4384–97. ©2015 AACR.
Carbonic Anhydrase Activity Monitored In Vivo by Hyperpolarized 13C-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Demonstrates Its Importance for pH Regulation in Tumors
Authors: Gallagher Ferdia A. , Sladen Helen , Kettunen Mikko I. , Serrao Eva M. , Rodrigues Tiago B. , Wright Alan , Gill Andrew B. , McGuire Sarah , Booth Thomas C. , Boren Joan , McIntyre Alan , Miller Jodi L. , Lee Shen-Han , Honess Davina , Day Sam E. , Hu De-En , Howat William J. , Harris Adrian L. , Brindle Kevin M. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase buffers tissue pH by catalyzing the rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) and bicarbonate (HCO3−). We assessed the functional activity of CAIX in two colorectal tumor models, expressing different levels of the enzyme, by measuring the rate of exchange of hyperpolarized 13C label between bicarbonate (H13CO3−) and carbon dioxide (13CO2), following injection of hyperpolarized H13CO3−, using 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C-MRS) magnetization transfer measurements. 31P-MRS measurements of the chemical shift of the pH probe, 3-aminopropylphosphonate, and 13C-MRS measurements of the H13CO3−/13CO2 peak intensity ratio showed that CAIX overexpression lowered extracellular pH in these tumors. However, the 13C measurements overestimated pH due to incomplete equilibration of the hyperpolarized 13C label between the H13CO3− and 13CO2 pools. Paradoxically, tumors overexpressing CAIX showed lower enzyme activity using magnetization transfer measurements, which can be explained by the more acidic extracellular pH in these tumors and the decreased activity of the enzyme at low pH. This explanation was confirmed by administration of bicarbonate in the drinking water, which elevated tumor extracellular pH and restored enzyme activity to control levels. These results suggest that CAIX expression is increased in hypoxia to compensate for the decrease in its activity produced by a low extracellular pH and supports the hypothesis that a major function of CAIX is to lower the extracellular pH. Cancer Res; 75(19); 4109–18. ©2015 AACR.
Leukocyte Telomere Length and Risks of Incident Coronary Heart Disease and Mortality in a Racially Diverse Population of Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Carty Cara L. , Kooperberg Charles , Liu Jingmin , Herndon Megan , Assimes Themistocles , Hou Lifang , Kroenke Candyce H. , LaCroix Andrea Z. , Kimura Masayuki , Aviv Abraham , Reiner Alexander P. 
Published: August 2015

Objective—
Telomeres are regions at the ends of chromosomes that maintain chromosomal structural integrity and genomic stability. In studies of mainly older, white populations, shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and increased risks of mortality and coronary heart disease (CHD). On average, African Americans (AfAm) have longer LTL than whites, but the LTL–CHD relationship in AfAm is unknown. We investigated the relationship of LTL with CHD and mortality among AfAm.

Approach and Results—

Using a case–cohort design, 1525 postmenopausal women (667 AfAm and 858 whites) from the Women’s Health Initiative had LTL measured in baseline blood samples by Southern blotting. CHD or mortality hazards ratios were estimated using race-stratified and risk factor–adjusted Cox proportional hazards models. There were 367 incident CHD (226 mortality) events in whites, whereas AfAm experienced 269 incident CHD (216 mortality) events during median follow-up of 13 years. Shorter LTL was associated with older age, current smoking, and white race/ethnicity. In whites, each 1 kilobase decrease in LTL was associated with 50% increased hazard of CHD, hazard ratio=1.50 (95% confidence interval, 1.08–2.10),
P
=0.017. There was no association between CHD and LTL in AfAm. White women with shorter LTL had higher risks of mortality. In contrast, shorter LTL was weakly associated with decreased mortality hazard in AfAm.

Conclusions—
As one of the largest prospective studies of LTL associations with incident CHD and mortality in a racially diverse sample, our study suggests differences in LTL associations with CHD and mortality between white and AfAm postmenopausal women.
Sepsis After Cardiac Surgery Early in Infancy and Adverse 4.5‐Year Neurocognitive Outcomes
Authors: Sidhu Naveen , Joffe Ari R. , Doughty Paul , Vatanpour Shabnam , Dinu Irina , Alton Gwen , Acton Bryan , Robertson Charlene M. T. ,   for the Western Canadian Complex Pediatric Therapies Follow‐up Program
Published: August 2015

Background
We aimed to determine whether sepsis is associated with neurocognitive outcomes 4.5 years after congenital heart disease surgery in early infancy.

Methods and Results

A secondary analysis from a prospective inception cohort included all children having congenital heart disease surgery done at ≤6 weeks of age with cardiopulmonary bypass at the Western Canadian referral center from 1996 to 2009. Follow‐up at the referral center determined the primary outcomes at 4.5 years with full‐scale, performance, and verbal intelligence quotients on the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence. Perioperative variables were collected prospectively, and confirmation of blood culture–positive sepsis was done retrospectively. Multiple linear regression models for neurocognitive outcomes and multiple Cox proportional hazards regression for mortality were determined. Sepsis occurred in 97 of 502 patients (19%) overall and in 76 of 396 survivors (19%) with 4.5‐year follow‐up. By 4.5 years, there were 91 (18%) deaths, and 396 of 411 survivors (96%) had follow‐up completed. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was associated with worse scores on all neurocognitive outcomes on multivariable regression; the association between extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and full‐scale intelligence quotient had a regression coefficient of −13.6 (95%
CI
−21.3 to −5.9;
P
=0.001). Sepsis perioperatively was associated with performance and verbal intelligence quotients, with a trend for full‐scale intelligence quotient (
P
=0.058) on multivariable regression. The regression coefficient for sepsis was strongest for performance intelligence quotient (−5.31; 95%
CI
−9.84 to −0.78;
P
=0.022). Sepsis was not but extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was associated with mortality by 4.5 years.

Conclusions
Perioperative sepsis and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were associated with adverse neurocognitive outcomes on multivariable regression. Quality improvement to prevent sepsis has the potential to improve long‐term neurocognitive outcomes in infants after surgery for congenital heart disease.
Cost-Utility Analysis of Mechanical Thrombectomy Using Stent Retrievers in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Ganesalingam Jeban , Pizzo Elena , Morris Stephen , Sunderland Tom , Ames Diane , Lobotesis Kyriakos 
Published: August 2015

Background and Purpose—
Recently, 5 randomized controlled trials demonstrated the benefit of endovascular therapy compared with intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator in acute stroke. Economic evidence evaluating stent retrievers is limited. We compared the cost-effectiveness of intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator alone versus mechanical thrombectomy and intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator as a bridging therapy in eligible patients in the UK National Health Service.

Methods—
A model-based cost-utility analysis was performed using a lifetime horizon. A Markov model was constructed and populated with probabilities, outcomes, and cost data from published sources, including 1-way and probabilistic sensitivity analysis.

Results—
Mechanical thrombectomy was more expensive than intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator, but it improved quality-adjusted life expectancy. The incremental cost per (quality-adjusted life year) gained of mechanical thrombectomy over a 20 year period was $11 651 (£7061). The probabilistic sensitivity analysis demonstrated that thrombectomy had a 100% probability of being cost-effective at the minimum willingness to pay for a quality-adjusted life year commonly used in United Kingdom.

Conclusions—
Although the upfront costs of thrombectomy are high, the potential quality-adjusted life year gains mean this intervention is cost-effective. This is an important factor for consideration in deciding whether to commission this intervention.
Recombinant ADAMTS 13 Attenuates Brain Injury After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Cai Ping , Luo Haiyu , Xu Haochen , Zhu Ximin , Xu Wenfang , Dai Yiqin , Xiao Jin , Cao Yongliang , Zhao Yuwu , Zhao Bing-Qiao , Fan Wenying 
Published: August 2015

Background and Purpose—
Inflammatory responses and blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction play important roles in brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The metalloprotease ADAMTS 13 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type I motif, member 13) was shown to limit inflammatory responses through its proteolytic effects on von Willebrand factor. In the present study, we addressed the role of ADAMTS 13 after experimental ICH.

Methods—
ICH was induced in mice by intracerebral infusion of autologous blood. The peri-hematomal inflammatory responses, levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1, pericyte coverage on brain capillaries, and BBB permeability were quantified at 24 hours. Functional outcomes, cerebral edema, and hemorrhagic lesion volume were quantified at day 3.

Results—
Treatment with recombinant ADAMTS 13 (rADAMTS 13) reduced the levels of chemokines and cytokines, myeloperoxidase activity, and microglia activation and neutrophil recruitment after ICH. rADAMTS 13 also decreased interleukin-6 expression in brain endothelial cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide, whereas recombinant von Willebrand factor reversed this effect. The anti-inflammatory effect of rADAMTS 13 was accompanied by reduced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and less activation of matrix metalloproteinase, enhanced pericyte coverage of brain microvessels, and attenuated BBB disruption. Furthermore, neutrophil depletion protected against BBB damage, and rADAMTS 13 treatment had no further beneficial effect. Finally, treatment of mice with rADAMTS 13 reduced cerebral edema and hemorrhagic lesion volume and improved neurological functions.

Conclusions—
Our findings reveal the importance of rADAMTS 13 in regulating pathological inflammation and BBB function and suggest that rADAMTS 13 may provide a new therapeutic strategy for ICH.
Efficient and Accurate Computational Electromagnetics Approach to Precipitation Particle Scattering Analysis Based on Higher-Order Method of Moments Integral Equation Modeling
Authors: Chobanyan E. , Šekeljić N. J. , Manić A. B. , Ilić M. M. , Bringi V. N. , Notaroš B. M. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractA new full-wave computational electromagnetics (CEM) approach to precipitation particle scattering analysis based primarily on a higher-order method of moments (MoM) for solving surface integral equations (SIEs) is proposed, as an alternative and addition to the conventionally used tools in this area. This is a well-established CEM approach that has not been applied, evaluated, discussed, or compared with other approaches in the scattering analysis of precipitation particles so far. Several characteristic examples of scattering from precipitation particles of various shapes demonstrate the capabilities and potential of the presented numerical methodology, and discuss its advantages over both discrete dipole approximation (DDA) and -matrix methods in cases considered. In particular, it is shown that the higher-order MoM-SIE approach is much faster, more accurate, and more robust than the DDA method, and much more general and versatile than the -matrix method. In addition, the paper illustrates problems with the convergence of the DDA method in some cases with high-contrast dielectric materials and large electrical sizes of particles and with the convergence of the -matrix method in some cases with electrically large or geometrically complex (viz., with a large aspect ratio) particles. For simulations of continuously inhomogeneous scatterers (e.g., melting ice particles), a higher-order MoM volume integral equation (VIE) technique is used, as the study’s secondary methodology. The results also indicate the necessity for numerically rigorous and computationally efficient realistic precipitation particle modeling in weather scattering applications, which is becoming even more important as the sensor frequencies of radar/radiometric systems are increasing.