bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photosynthetic performance in Antarctic lichens with different growth forms reflect the diversity of lichenized algal adaptation to microhabitats
Authors: Cao Shunan , Zhang Jie , Zheng Hongyuan , Liu Chuanpeng , Zhou Qiming 
Published: June 2015

AbstractLichens, as typical obligate associations between lichenized fungi and their photosynthetic partners, are dominant in Antarctica. Three Antarctic lichens, Ochrolechia frigida, Umbilicaria antarctica, and Usnea aurantiacoatra with different growth forms, were sampled nearby the Great Wall Station, King George Island. Molecular data revealed that the photosynthetic algae in these three lichens were Trebouxia jamesii. The net photo− synthesis (Pn) of three individuals from these species, together with environmental factors such as light and temperature, were recorded by CO2gas exchange measurements using a CI−340 portable photosynthetic system in situ. Differences between T(leaf) (the temperature of the thalli) and T(air) (the air temperature) for these lichens were not consistent, which reflected that environment and the growth form of thalli could affect T(leaf) significantly. Strong irradiation was expected to have adverse effects on Pn of Ochrolechia frigida and Umbilicaria antarctica whose thalli spread flat; but this photoinhibition had little effect on Usnea aurantiacoatra with exuberant tufted thallus. These results indicated that photosynthetic activity in lichens was affected by the growth forms of thalli besides microhabitat factors. One species of lichenized alga could exhibit diversified types of photosynthetic behavior when it was associated with various lichenized fungi in different microhabitats. It will be helpful for understanding how lichens are able to adapt to and colonize in extreme environments.
Important Questions Of Comparative Studies In Asian Countries
Authors: Pazyura Natalia 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe issue of the “identity” of comparative education as a field of study or a discipline has been discussed for decades. Yet a kind of systematic structure that provides the basic principles for a coherent exposition of the field remains open. “Comparative education” is no longer conceived as an imaginary field’s coherence but, rather in terms of distinct branches of comparative and international studies in education and their underlying issues. Such an understanding is fostered through a deepened awareness of the basic problems, and successive solutions, constitutive of the emergence and further conformations of the comparative approach in education and the social sciences. Thus, academic journal publications of the past decade to shape education policy research within an Asia-Pacific context have been analyzed. Facts of increasing research collaboration, growing policy evaluation research, and growing attention to higher education have been presented. Significant difference in research impact and diffusion between Asia-Pacific and American education policy studies has been shown. Perspectives for future research directions in education policy research in an Asia-Pacific context have been suggested.
Civic Consciousness Development Of Youth In The Context Of Educational Reforms: The US Experience
Authors: Kovalchuk Vasyl 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe article analyzes the experience of patriotic education and civic consciousness of youth in the United States. The author shares his experience of training under the programme “Civic consciousness development of youth in the context of educational reforms” of the US Agency for International Development (USAID).It has been found that the main course of civic education syllabus in the USA is the formation of political culture, legal awareness, the culture of interethnic relations, work motivation, awareness of moral values, the understanding of freedom, the culture of interethnic relations, the development of work motivation, fostering in children respect for work and realization of its role in people’s life. Civic education in US schools is performed in four ways: as a school subject; as a form of interdisciplinary activities in education; as a form of extra-curricula activities; as a way of school life which develops democratic behaviour.The article analyzes the role of public organizations in civic education of youth and defines the lines of their activities as well as a problem of low efficiency of civic education in Ukraine caused by the following reasons: conventional perceptions that civic education does not require special attention; the lack of concurrency in civic education curriculum implementation; the lack of consistency in training and professional development of civic education teachers, in sharing positive experience, coordination of activities and monitoring.
The Analysis Of Adult Immigrants’ Learning System In Canada
Authors: Mukan Nataliya , Barabash Olena , Busko Maria 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn the article the problem of adult immigrants’ learning in Canada has been studied. The main objectives of the article are defined as: analysis of scientific and pedagogical literature which highlights different aspects of the research problem; analysis of the adult immigrants’ learning system in Canada; and the perspectives for creative implementation of Canadian experience in Ukraine.Adult education and learning throughout the world have been studied by foreign and domestic scientists: fundamentals of lifelong education (O. Martirosyan), theory and practice of adult education (V. Horshkova); peculiarities of adult learning (L. Mazurenko); andragogical (M. Knowles), structural and functional, systemic approaches (N. Alboim); personality-oriented (S. Lisova); axiological (T. Brazhe) approaches; psychological, pedagogical, andragogical, sociological researches of adult education (T. Kuchay, L. Tymchuk) etc. Adult education in Canada has been studied by M. Borysova, N. Mukan, O. Ohiyenko, but the learning system of adult immigrants has not been studied yet. Among research methods we have used comparative and logical methods, induction and deduction, content analysis, prognostic method etc. The following research results have been presented: the adult immigrants’ learning has been described as a system which consists of such components as the aim and objectives, fields of study, functions, principles, legal framework, environment and stages of learning, content and operational components, monitoring and assessment. Among the perspectives of further research we can define the analysis of Canadian “Prior Learning Assessment and Recognition” system.
Comparative Analysis Of Pedagogical Technologies In The Context Of Future Agrarians’ Multicultural Education In The USA
Authors: Kravets Ruslan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn the article the comparative analysis of pedagogical technologies in the USA has been carried out in the context of future agrarians’ multicultural education. The essence of traditional and innovative pedagogical technologies and the peculiarities of their realization at higher educational establishments have been viewed. The expediency of developing the pedagogical technology of forming future agrarians’ multicultural competence has been reasoned. The classification of pedagogical technologies has been presented according to the level of application; the philosophical basis; the scientific conception of mastering the experience; the orientation on personality’s structures; the nature of modernisation of the traditional teaching system. The possibility of their determination is also considered due to the aims and tasks, the organizational forms, the dominant methods of teaching, the approaches to the personality, the category of students, the type of cognitive activity’s organization and management. The special attention is paid to two directions of the education’s development – traditional and innovative. The educational process in the American post-industrial, inform society and its attributive characteristics are substantially determined by a personality factor, and pushing off from this, the value of personality must serve as an initial moment in organizing the system of higher professional education. The practical aspects of implementing the traditional pedagogical technology, the technology of developing teaching, the programmable teaching technology, the problem-solving teaching technology, the module teaching technology, the concentrated teaching technology and the distance teaching technology are viewed.
International Relations As A Field Of Study In The Canadian System Of Higher Education
Authors: Istomina Kateryna 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe research presents an attempt to investigate the current state of international relations as a field of study in the context of higher education system in Canada. It contains a general overview of the field of study, focusing predominantly on the role and function of the given academic discipline. The scientific investigation covers the issue of short historiographic review of the development of international relations as a separate academic discipline and an independent field of study at the universities of Canada since it provides better understanding of the international relations evolution as a discipline in Canadian system of higher education. It gives information on the origins of international relations discipline in Canada and first higher education establishments, which provided professional training in the international relations field. The article reviews the official normative documents in the sphere of higher education in Canada, such as Major Field of Study Classification and Classification of Instructional Programs, being theoretical basis of our analysis. The research results can be used to outline the place of international relations major among the diversity of functioning academic majors in Canada. The research also turns to the profound analysis of the information about the offered instructional programs, dedicated to professional training of international relations specialists at the universities of Canada.
Peculiarities Of Cultural Interaction In Education: The US Experience
Authors: Baybakova Olga , Sidun Larysa 
Published: June 2015

AbstractArticle deals with the problem of multicultural education. Ukraine, being a multicultural society, requires a new conception of the world, aimed at integrating cultures and nations, their further convergence as well as cultural enrichment. In this context the experience of many foreign countries, especially the USA, is very interesting. This country differs from average multicultural nations in a range of peculiarities, one of which is the fact that cultural interaction was not within an individual ethnos, but within immigrants–descendants of different countries, representatives of various cultures. It is underlined that the USA is the country that underwent durable trials in search for the most optimum ways to provide cultural interaction. The most modern response to the cultural diversity at the end of the 20th century in the USA became the policy of multiculturalism. Multiculturalism is considered to be a democratic policy of solving the problem of cultural and social diversity in the society, which includes educational, linguistic, economic and social components and has specific mechanisms of embodiment.The interpretation of multicultural education is proposed as that one, which facilitates the formation in a person of the readiness for activities in a modern socio-cultural environment, preservation of personal identity, aspiration for respect and understanding of other cultural and ethnical communities, the ability to live in peace and harmony with representatives of various racial, ethnic, cultural, religious groups.
3D Li Diffusion in c-LixTiS2 (x = 0.69 and 0.75): A Theoretical Study
Authors: Islam Mazharul M. , Bredow Thomas 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Lithium diffusion in the spinel type cubic titanium disulphide
(c-LixTiS2, x = 0.69 and 0.75) is
investigated theoretically with periodic density-functional theory
(DFT) method. The calculated unit cell length and bond distances for
a series of LixTiS2 (0 < x < 1) compounds are in
agreement with the experimental data, with the maximum deviation of
+0.06% for the lattice parameter and −1.2% for
the bond length. In agreement with Vegard's law, the unit cell length
a is an almost linear function of x. The calculated average
intercalation potentials for the series LixTiS2
(0 < x < 1) range between 1.6 to 1.9 V which is
in the range of experimental findings. Competing pathways for
Li diffusion in c-LixTiS2
(x = 0.69 and 0.75) are investigated using the
climbing-image Nudged-Elastic-Band (cNEB) approach. Li+ ions
can migrate along the 〈100〉 and 〈110〉
directions suggesting that Li+ diffusion in
c-LixTiS2 is three-dimensional (3D). The
calculated activation energy values for the considered migration
pathways show that Li+ diffusion along the 〈100〉 directions is more preferable that that along the 〈110〉 directions.
Ordering Phenomena in Surfactant Systems: From Micellar Solutions to Gel and Crystalline Phases
Authors: Gibhardt Holger , Haramagatti Chandrashekara R. , Islamov Ahmed Kh. , Ivankov Oleksandr I. , Kuklin Alexander I. , Eckold Götz 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The phase behavior of surfactant systems is investigated using
alkyltrimethylammonium bromide surfactants with different alkyl chain
lengths (dodecyl-, tetradecyl-, hexadecyl- and octadecyl) as model
substances. The transitions between micellar solution, gel-phase and
crystalline phase are characterized by the combination of Raman
spectroscopy and small angle neutron scattering. It is demonstrated
that in systems with small surfactant molecules the aqueous solution
crystallizes directly on cooling to form hydrated crystals while an
intermediate gel phase is observed in long chain systems. The
cross-over is found for the hexadecyl-compound where the gel phase
appears only at high concentrations.
Peering Through the Cracks in the California Dream
Authors: Vaidya Anjali 
Published: June 2015

San Francisco-based Swensen’s ice cream is one of many American fast food joints that has proliferated across Asia’s expanding markets in the past decade, gaining popularity among a young generation in the East even as these outlets retreat from their home territory in the West. American ice cream parlors and diner-style cuisine have established a foothold across the Pacific, carrying with them tastes and images evocative of a bygone era. Fragments of nostalgia for the California Dream seep to the surface in Bangalore, India, a city filled with echoes of the long vanished past.
Landfill
Authors: Maretich Marta 
Published: June 2015

The author returns to Bakersfield, California to clear out her childhood home and confronts the unsustainable reality of life in today’s San Joaquin Valley. Presented as a series of narratives related by friends and neighbors during trips to Bakersfield’s immense landfill site, Maretich paints a picture of a community struggling under the effects of high crime, increasing poverty, and diminishing expectations in the wake of the Great Recession, which for Bakersfield is far from over. Exploring themes of sustainability, environmental policy, and personal responsibility, Maretich shines a light on one of California’s most important and least understood regions.
Genius Loci
Authors: Raskin Jonah 
Published: June 2015

This essay takes a literary journey to Jack London State Historic Park, the National Steinbeck Center, and the Beat Museum. An exploration of the shrines that are devoted to writers and which attract readers from around the world as well as close to home, the essay explores California’s identity as a cultural destination for tourists as well as for natives of the Golden State. By linking specific geographical places, such as Glen Ellen, Salinas, and San Francisco to books and to their authors, California’s literary shrines weave a kind of cultural magic that transcends time and place and invigorates twentieth-century classics such as Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath, Kerouac’s On the Road, and Jack London’s The Iron Heel.
Editorial
Authors: Fischer Gerhard 
Published: June 2015

The first issue of Agronomia Colombiana for 2015, volume 33, contains an article from the late Jorge Humberto Zurita (page 91), agronomic Engineer and associate professor from the Facult y of agricultural Sciences of t he universidad naciona l de Colombia Bogota, and a friend and colleague from the physiology and postharvest field who will be dearly missed by the Faculty and who has left fond memories for those that had the opportunity to know him and share his friendhip and knowledge.This issue of the Agronomia Colombiana journal presents different topics of domestic and international interest that contribute significantly to the development and research of tropical agriculture.
Effectiveness of a rock phosphate solubilizing fungus to increase soil solution phosphate impaired by the soil phosphate sorption capacity
Authors: Osorio Vega Nelson Walter , Habte Mitiku , León Peláez Juan Diego 
Published: June 2015

Available phosphate (P) deficiency in tropical soils has been recognized as a major factor that limits soil quality and plant performance. To overcome this, it is necessary to add high amounts of soluble P-fertilizers; however, this is inefficient and costly. Alternatively, rock phosphates (RP) can be used, but their low reactivity limits their use. Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSM) can enhance RP dissolution and, thus, improve the RP agronomic effectiveness as fertilizer. Nonetheless, their effectiveness may be impaired by the soil P fixation capacity. An experiment was carried out to assess the in vitro effectiveness of the fungus Mortierella sp. to dissolve RP in an axenic culture medium and, thus, enhance the solution P concentration in the presence of aliquots of soils with contrasting P fixation capacity. The results showed that the fungus was capable of lowering the medium pH from 7.7 to 3.0 and, thus, dissolving the RP. The presence of soil aliquots in the medium controlled the effectiveness of the fungus to increase the concentration of the soluble P. In the presence of soils with a low or medium P sorption capacity, the concentration of the soluble P was high (63.8-146.6 mg L-1) in comparison with the inoculated (soilless) treatment (50.0 mg L-1) and the uninoculated control (0.7 mg L-1). By contrast, with very-high P fixing soil aliquots, the concentration of the soluble P was very low (3.6-33.1 mg L-1); in addition, in these soils, the fungus immobilized more P into its mycelia than in soils with a low or medium P fixation capacity. The capacity of a soil to fix P seems to be a good predictor for the effectiveness of this fungus to increase the soluble P concentration via RP dissolution.
Cu2SnS3 Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Structures for Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Dias Sandra , Krupanidhi S. B. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTWe report the synthesis of Cu2SnS3 (CTS) nanostructures and its incorporation into an inorganic-organic hybrid device to enhance the photoresponse under AM 1.5 G solar illumination. The nanostructures were structurally and optically characterized. From X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) the CTS nanocrystals were found to be tetragonal. Flower like structures of CTS were obtained as seen from Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A band gap of 1.4 eV was obtained from absorption studies. Two devices have been studied, P3HT: PCBM = 1: 1 and CTS: P3HT: PCBM = 8:1:1. The photocurrent increased from a value of 2.33 mA at dark to 2.5 mA for the P3HT-PCBM blend to 3.36 mA for CTS: P3HT: PCBM = 8:1:1 device. The responsivity, sensitivity, external quantum efficiency and specific detectivity increased from 18.81 mA/W, 1.07, 4.25% and 6.88 × 108 Jones respectively for P3HT:PCBM sample to 189.97 mA/W, 1.44, 42.9% and 6.95 × 109 Jones for CTS: P3HT: PCBM = 8:1:1 sample at 1V bias and 1 Sun illumination intensity. The time dependent photoresponse was stable over different ON-OFF cycles. From the fit to the rise and decay curves, the rise and decay time constants were obtained.
Bilaterale Sklerotherapie zur Behandlung der idiopathischen renalen Hämaturie bei einem Mischlingsrüden
Authors: Thieman-Mankin K. M. , Cook A. K. , Heilmann R. M. 
Published: June 2015

ZusammenfassungEin 2 Jahre alter, männlich-kastrierter Deutscher-Schäferhund-Mischling wurde aufgrund chronischer makroskopischer Hämaturie vorgestellt. Weiterführende Untersuchungen einschließlich Sonographie und Urethrozystoskopie ergaben den Befund einer hochgradigen bilateralen idiopathischen renalen Hämaturie (IRH). Die medikamentöse Therapie mit Yunnan Baiyao war erfolglos. Durch eine bilaterale renale Sklerotherapie ließ sich, trotz Komplikation durch Dislokation beider Ureter-Dauerschienen innerhalb von 12 Tagen, ein dauerhaftes Sistieren der makroskopischen Hämaturie erzielen.
Perfil sociodemográfico e epidemiológico das vítimas de violência sexual no Estado de Sergipe
Authors: Sousa Laís Correia de , Machado Leane de Carvalho , Miranda Ana Carolina de Paula Teixeira 
Published: June 2015

Dentre as manifestações de violência, a sexual é tida como a mais persistente e cruel, pois gera implicações traumáticas e permanentes para quem sofre. Atravessa décadas, permeia várias culturas, populações de diferentes faixas etárias e diversos espaços sociais, sendo, portanto, considerada como problema de saúde pública e de violação aos direitos humanos. O estudo objetivou caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico e epidemiológico das vítimas de violência sexual notificadas no Serviço de Atendimento Médico a Vítimas de Violência Sexual. Estudo descritivo, de corte transversal, com coleta retrospectiva a partir dos prontuários das vítimas do serviço, no estado de Sergipe, no período de 2007 a 2011. A faixa etária das vítimas concentrou 56% de 10 a 14 anos e 94,3% do sexo feminino. Predominou a violência praticada por agressores conhecidos (84,8%) e o IML encaminhou 82,3% dos casos; 64% não fizeram uso de álcool e/ou drogas, enquanto 25% dos agressores fizeram uso. A procura por atendimento apontou 55,4% após 72h da agressão e 57,7% apresentou ausência de lesões. A gravidez ocorreu em 6,3% dos casos e predominou a infecção por sífilis. A partir do conhecimento do perfil das vítimas de violência, espera-se que o presente estudo possa contribuir sensibilizando gestores e profissionais de saúde para o aprimoramento da atenção integral e humanizada ofertada por todos os serviços no atendimento identificando as vítimas de violência sexual.
A problemática dos resíduos sólidos urbanos
Authors: Bitencourt Daniela Venceslau , Almeida Ronise Nascimento de , Pedrotti Alceu , Santos Luiz Carlos Pereira 
Published: June 2015

A maioria das cidades no Brasil e no mundo vem enfrentando sérios problemas relacionados a geração de resíduos e a falta de conhecimento sobre alternativas para o destino final dos resíduos sólidos urbanos, consideráveis transtornos á população e ao meio ambiente. Este artigo visa contextualizar a classificação dos resíduos bem como abordar diferentes alternativas de tratamento como: aterro sanitário, incineração, compostagem, biogasificação, e reciclagem. Dentro deste proposito, a metodologia utilizada neste estudo foi realizada fundamentalmente por intermédio de revisão bibliográfica e analise documental. Assim, a correta classificação, caracterização e tratamento dos resíduos, tornam-se fundamental para uma nova forma de gerenciamento, incorporando os princípios da sustentabilidade, que apresente resolução de problemas e que possibilite transformações de situações de vulnerabilidades dos grupos afetados, portanto, o bom gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos é considerado como importantes formas de evitar poluição ao meio ambiente e melhorar a qualidade de vida da população.