bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deficiency of fibroblast activation protein alpha ameliorates cartilage destruction in inflammatory destructive arthritis
Authors: Wäldele Stefan , Koers-Wunrau Christina , Beckmann Denise , Korb-Pap Adelheid , Wehmeyer Corinna , Pap Thomas , Dankbar Berno 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Inflammatory destructive arthritis, like rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is characterized by invasion of synovial fibroblasts (SF) into the articular cartilage and erosion of the underlying bone, leading to progressive joint destruction. Because fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP) has been associated with cell migration and cell invasiveness, we studied the function of FAP in joint destruction in RA.

Methods
Expression of FAP in synovial tissues and fibroblasts from patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and RA as well as from wild-type and arthritic mice was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, fluorescence microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Fibroblast adhesion and migration capacity was assessed using cartilage attachment assays and wound-healing assays, respectively. For in vivo studies, FAP-deficient mice were crossed into the human tumor necrosis factor transgenic mice (hTNFtg), which develop a chronic inflammatory arthritis. Beside clinical assessment, inflammation, cartilage damage, and bone erosion were evaluated by histomorphometric analyses.

Results
RA synovial tissues demonstrated high expression of FAP whereas in OA samples only marginal expression was detectable. Consistently, a higher expression was detected in arthritis SF compared to non-arthritis OA SF in vitro. FAP-deficiency in hTNFtg mice led to less cartilage degradation despite unaltered inflammation and bone erosion. Accordingly, FAP−/− hTNFtg SF demonstrated a lower cartilage adhesion capacity compared to hTNFtg SF in vitro.

Conclusions
These data point to a so far unknown role of FAP in the attachment of SF to cartilage, promoting proteoglycan loss and subsequently cartilage degradation in chronic inflammatory arthritis.
Micromorphological and chemical elucidation of the degradation mechanisms of birch bark archaeological artefacts
Authors: Orsini Sibilla , Ribechini Erika , Modugno Francesca , Klügl Johanna , Di Pietro Giovanna , Colombini Maria Perla 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Introduction
Since ancient times, the unique properties of birch barks (Betula genus) have made them a material of choice for producing both everyday-life and artistic objects. Yet archaeological birch bark artefacts are rare, and little is known about the chemical transformations undergone by bark (chemically composed mainly of suberin and triterpenes) in archaeological contexts. Understanding the chemical modifications induced by ageing is essential for selecting suitable preservation and conservation approaches. Thus, the main aim of this research is to assess the preservation and state of degradation of archaeological findings made of birch bark: a Neolithic bow case recovered from a melting ice patch in the Bernese Alps (Switzerland) and a waterlogged birch bark vessel discovered at Moossee Lake (Canton of Bern, Switzerland).
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) were used to obtain information at micro-morphological and molecular levels on the state of degradation of the birch bark findings. GC/MS analysis followed two different sample preparations, alkaline hydrolysis and solvent extraction, in order to investigate respectively the hydrolysable and soluble constituents, and to test whether part of the suberin structure was depolymerised by the long period of burial.

Results and conclusions
SEM investigations on archaeological birch bark samples have shown that the extent of degradation of the microstructure is much higher in waterlogged birch bark than in birch bark preserved in ice. GC/MS analysis revealed that at a molecular level, the birch bark was quite well preserved. In both the archaeological environments, ice patch and lake water, various reactions had taken place leading to the depletion of reactive and sensitive compounds such as unsaturated acids and epoxy-compounds. In addition, archaeological birch bark had undergone depolymerization and oxidation reactions leading to the appearance of free suberin monomers and of oxidised triterpenes (betulone and lupenone). GC/MS data also seems to suggest that the birch bark preserved in the waterlogged site had a more pronounced degradation both in terms of oxidation and depolymerisation.
Shroom3 functions downstream of planar cell polarity to regulate myosin II distribution and cellular organization during neural tube closure
Authors: McGreevy Erica M. , Vijayraghavan Deepthi , Davidson Lance A. , Hildebrand Jeffrey D. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
Neural tube closure is a critical developmental event that relies on actomyosin contractility to facilitate specific processes such as apical constriction, tissue bending, and directional cell rearrangements. These complicated processes require the coordinated activities of Rho-Kinase (Rock), to regulate cytoskeletal dynamics and actomyosin contractility, and the Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) pathway, to direct the polarized cellular behaviors that drive convergent extension (CE) movements. Here we investigate the role of Shroom3 as a direct linker between PCP and actomyosin contractility during mouse neural tube morphogenesis. In embryos, simultaneous depletion of Shroom3 and the PCP components Vangl2 or Wnt5a results in an increased liability to NTDs and CE failure. We further show that these pathways intersect at Dishevelled, as Shroom3 and Dishevelled 2 co-distribute and form a physical complex in cells. We observed that multiple components of the Shroom3 pathway are planar polarized along mediolateral cell junctions in the neural plate of E8.5 embryos in a Shroom3 and PCP-dependent manner. Finally, we demonstrate that Shroom3 mutant embryos exhibit defects in planar cell arrangement during neural tube closure, suggesting a role for Shroom3 activity in CE. These findings support a model in which the Shroom3 and PCP pathways interact to control CE and polarized bending of the neural plate and provide a clear illustration of the complex genetic basis of NTDs.
Hormonal regulation of colour change in eyes of a cryptic fish
Authors: Sköld Helen Nilsson , Yngsell Daniel , Mubashishir Muhmd , Wallin Margareta 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
Colour change of the skin in lower vertebrates such as fish has been a subject of great scientific and public interest. However, colour change also takes place in eyes of fish and while an increasing amount of data indicates its importance in behaviour, very little is known about its regulation. Here, we report that both eye and skin coloration change in response to white to black background adaptation in live sand goby Pomatoschistus minutes, a bentic marine fish. Through in vitro experiments, we show that noradrenaline and melanocyte concentrating hormone (MCH) treatments cause aggregation of pigment organelles in the eye chromatophores. Daylight had no aggregating effect. Combining forskolin to elevate intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) with MCH resulted in complete pigment dispersal and darkening of the eyes, whereas combining prolactin, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) or melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) with MCH resulted in more yellow and red eyes. ACTH and MSH also induced dispersal in the melanophores, resulting in overall darker eyes.
By comparing analysis of eyes, skin and peritoneum, we conclude that the regulation pattern is similar between these different tissues in this species which is relevant for the cryptic life strategy of this species. With the exception of ACTH which resulted in most prominent melanophore pigment dispersal in the eyes, all other treatments provided similar results between tissue types. To our knowledge, this is the first study that has directly analysed hormonal regulation of physiological colour change in eyes of fish.
Structural, Electronic, and Magnetic Properties of Novel Spin-Crossover Complex: Fe(butyl nicotinate)2[Au(CN)2]2
Authors: Ueno Shoutaro , Kawasaki Takeshi , Okabayashi Jun , Kitazawa Takafumi 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
We have synthesized a novel bilayered Hofmann-type 2D network complex Fe(butyl nicotinate)2[Au(CN)2]2 (I). The single crystals of I reveal a spin-crossover (SCO) transition around 200 K. Temperature-dependent X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectra indicate that I displays both SCO and aurophilic interaction properties.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of psychotherapy in treatment of essential hypertension on the primary care level
Authors: Zholamanova Ainur , Kalmatayeva Zhanna 
Published: January 2015

Aim of the studyestimate expediency of psychotherapy in patients with essential hypertension with clinical and economic perspectives.Subject or material and methods75 patients with identified psychosomatic disorders (37 men, 38 female) suffering from hypertension 1-2 degrees (from 140/90 to 179/109 mm Hg), were randomized into 2 groups (mean age is 48,5±3,69, and 47,5±4,2 years). All patients received therapy by the same scheme, but 1ST group of patients additionally treated with psychotherapy.ResultsMini-mult test showed qualitative improvements on all scales for the 1st group. The control examination of the mean blood pressure at week 14 found statistically significant difference between final systolic blood pressure of two groups (134.27±3.7 vs. 137.33±3.9, p=0.032), but no such difference in final diastolic blood pressure (82.93±5.1 vs. 83.81±4.3, p=0.198). The average cost for 24 weeks for 1 person is 47.81 USD and 48,62 USD respectively. Costs of reductions of SBP is 1.98 USD vs. 2,53 USD and DBP 3.19 USD vs 3.73 USD per 1 mm. Hg. BP level reduction is faster in the 1st group (7.05 weeks vs. 7.97 weeks).DiscussionEconomical results are relevant to the Republic of Kazakhstan, but for use in another country with another organization of the health system, it will be different.Conclusionsconservative therapy of hypertension combined with comprehensive psychotherapy leads to better results compared with a conventional conservative treatment scheme, from psychological, clinical and economical points of view, bur results can be different in the another country. More trials in different countries with bigger number of patients are necessary.
Why is it important to monitor the diet of overweight patients with depressive disorders?
Authors: Stefańska Ewa , Wendołowicz Agnieszka , Cwalina Urszula , Kowzan Urszula , Konarzewska Beata , Szulc Agata , Ostrowska Lucyna 
Published: January 2015

Aim of the studyThe aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of weight reduction diet in patients with depressive disorders, including the assessment of changes in the intake of major nutrients that may promote alterations in body composition during a three-month observation.Subject or material and methodsThe study included 77 people with excessive body weight (45 women and 32 men; average age of women 49.3±10.3 years and men 47.1± 1.2 years) treated for recurrent depressive disorders and being on a 3-month weight reduction diet. The study patients underwent anthropometric measurements and their body composition was determined with electric bio-impedance.ResultsMean weight loss in women was 2.7±2.5kg, and in men 2.0±5.6kg. There was a decrease in fat mass in women by an average of 1.8±5.7kg and in men by 1.3±7.1kg. A statistically significant reduction was reported in the mean waist circumference (3.8±3.7cm) and hips (2.0 ± 1.9cm) among women. Diet modification brought a decrease in the energy value of daily diet and reduction in the supply of macronutrients.DiscussionDietary treatment consisting in reduced energy values, mainly by reducing fat intake, contributes to weight loss.ConclusionsThe long-term effect of the nutritional therapy indicates the need for intensified dietary education, both in terms of the number of dietary trainings and intensive cooperation between patient and dietician for proper selection of food products. The cooperation should not only be related to diet correction, but is also expected to motivate physical activity and lifestyle changes.
Cognitive functioning in depression period of bipolar disorder
Authors: Świtalska Julita , Borkowska Alina 
Published: January 2015

Aim of the studyStudy aims were to compare neuropsychological functioning of depressed bipolar patients and healthy controls and to estimate relationship between cognitive functions and depressive symptoms.Subject or material and methodsCognitive functions were examined in 30 depressed bipolar patients aged 18-68 (M=45,6; 18 women and 12 men) who fulfilled ICD-10 criteria for depressive episode (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score ≥ 11). The comparison group consisted of 30 healthy subjects aged 23-71 (M=46,2; 20 women and 10 men) matched in aged, years of education and gender to bipolar group. A neuropsychological battery assessed executive functions and working memory.ResultsThe bipolar patients in depression reviled neuropsychological deficits in working memory and some aspects of executive functions in comparison to healthy group. Only in WCST test both groups received similar results. Neuropsychological functioning seems to be independent of the severity of depressive symptoms.DiscussionDifferent aspects of working memory and executive functions are impaired in depression period of bipolar disorder and they seem independent of the severity of depressive symptoms. These results are consistent with previous reports.ConclusionsIn patients with bipolar depression cognitive assessment should be taken into account in the diagnosis and the disturbances in executive functions and working memory should be treated with neuropsychological rehabilitation and / or pharmacotherapy.
Assessment of dietary habits of patients with recurrent depressive disorders
Authors: Stefańska Ewa , Wendołowicz Agnieszka , Cwalina Urszula , Kowzan Urszula , Konarzewska Beata , Szulc Agata , Ostrowska Lucyna 
Published: January 2015

Aim of the studyThe aim of this study was evaluation of selected dietary habits of patients with recurrent depressive disorders.Subject or material and methodsThe study included 150 patients (75 patients suffering from recurrent depressive disorders. and 75 healthy people aged 18-64 years). The assessment of dietary habits was carried out by using a food frequency questionnaire.ResultsIt has been shown that in the compared groups of women, patients with depression consumed significantly less groats (p<0.001), rice (p= 0.02), red meat (p<0.01), fish (p<0.01), vegetables (p<0.001), fruits (p<0.01) and wine (p<0.001) in comparison with women without depression, and they were significantly more likely to consume wheat-rye bread (p= 0.03), cheese (p=0.02), butter (p=0.03), cream (p <0.01), lard (p <0.001), coffee (p=0.03) and sugar (p=0.02) in comparison with women without depression. Statistically significant differences between the two groups of men were diagnosed in the frequent intake of lard (p<0.001) and less frequent vegetable oils (p<0.01), beer (p= 0.01), and fast food (p<0.01) for men with depression compared with men in the control group.DiscussionThe correct food pattern requires both the proper balance of energy intake and food rations sufficient quantity and quality of products providing all essentials nutrients.ConclusionsIn the treatment of patients with depression during the declared change of diet, the need for nutrition education on the principles of rational nutrition should be taken into attention, including the selection of appropriate food groups in order to ensure an optimal supply of all necessary to the proper functioning of the body's nutrients.
Modified Single Photo-diode (MSPD) Detection Technique for SAC-OCDMA System
Authors: Abdulqader Sarah G. , Fadhil Hilal A. , Aljunid S. A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIn this paper, a new detection technique called modified single photo-diode (MSPD) detection for SAC-OCDMA system is proposed. The proposed system based on the single photo-diode (SPD) detection technique. The new detection technique is proposed to overcome the limitation of phase-induced intensity noise (PIIN) in SPD detection technique. However, the proposed detection is based on an optical hard limiter (OHL) followed by a SPD and a low-pass filter (LPF) in order to suppress the phase intensity noise (PIIN) at the receiver side. The results show that the MSPD detection based on OHL has a good performance even when the transmission distance is long, which is different from the case of SPD detection technique. Therefore, the MSPD detection technique is shown to be effective to improve the bit error rate (BER<10
Single center experience in selective feticide in high-order multiple pregnancy: clinical and ethical issues
Authors: Monni Giovanni , Illescas Tamara , Iuculano Ambra , Floris Marcella , Mulas Federica , McCullough Laurence B. , Chervenak Frank A. , Gelber Shari E. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThis paper describes the 20-year experience with selective feticide (SF) of high-order multiple quadruplet and higher pregnancies in a single center.The paper describes protocols, procedures, management, outcomes, and ethical issues.SF was performed in 49 pregnancies with 244 fetuses, with median gestational age of 12+2 weeks. The initial number was nine (one case), eight (one case), seven (three cases), six (11 cases), five (eight cases), and four (27 cases). Nuchal translucency was utilized prior to the procedure starting in 1996. The technique was transabdominal ultrasound-guided and intrathoracic injection of potassium chloride. One pregnancy (with seven fetuses) was reduced to three, 42 to two, and four (starting with four fetuses) to singletons. There were ten pregnancy losses (20.4%). A decreasing trend in losses was evident over the 20-year time period: 7/23 (30.4%) from 1994 to 2004 down to 3/26 (11.5%) for 2004–2014. No chromosomal abnormalities were present in any of the survivors. The ethical issues focus on the justification of SF in high-order multifetal pregnancies.In this series, pregnancy loss decreased with operator experience. Excellent outcomes can be achieved with the ethically justified use of feticide in high-order multiple pregnancies.
Photo-control of the thermal radical recombination reaction: photochromism of an azobenzene-bridged imidazole dimer
Authors: Mutoh Katsuya , Arai Hiroki , Kobayashi Yoichi , Abe Jiro 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Among various kinds of photochromic compounds, bridged imidazole dimers have been known as fast photo-switch molecules. Bridged imidazole dimers have opened up various potential applications to photochromic lenses and real-time holographic displays. The optical properties of bridged imidazole dimers strongly depend on the bridging moiety to tether two imidazole rings. Therefore, the control of the bridging structure by introducing another photochromic moiety would increase the versatility of bridged imidazole dimers. In this study, we designed and synthesized a new type of the bridged imidazole dimer 1 which has the azobenzene moiety as the photo-responsive linker. The cis–trans isomerization of the azobenzene moiety enables to change the distance between the photogenerated radical pairs. The two structural isomers, cis–1 and trans–1, are observed and both compounds undergo the photochromism to produce the imidazolyl radicals. We found that the two imidazolyl radicals generated from cis–1 are close enough to form the intramolecular C–N bond, whereas the imidazolyl radicals of trans–1 undergo the intermolecular recombination reaction due to the long distance between the radicals. Our results demonstrate the control of intra-/intermolecular radical recombination reactions by the combination of the two photochromic compounds.
Discrepancies Between Transcutaneous and Serum Bilirubin Measurements
Authors: Taylor James A. , Burgos Anthony E. , Flaherman Valerie , Chung Esther K. , Simpson Elizabeth A. , Goyal Neera K. , Von Kohorn Isabelle , Dhepyasuwan Nui ,   for the Better Outcomes through Research for Newborns Network
Published: January 2015

OBJECTIVE:
To characterize discrepancies between transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) measurements and total serum bilirubin (TSB) levels among newborns receiving care at multiple nursery sites across the United States.

METHODS:
Medical records were reviewed to obtain data on all TcB measurements collected during two 2-week periods on neonates admitted to participating newborn nurseries. Data on TSB levels obtained within 2 hours of a TcB measurement were also abstracted. TcB – TSB differences and correlations between the values were determined. Data on demographic information for individual newborns and TcB screening practices for each nursery were also collected. Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify characteristics independently associated with the TcB – TSB difference.

RESULTS:
Data on 8319 TcB measurements were collected at 27 nursery sites; 925 TSB levels were matched to a TcB value. The mean TcB – TSB difference was 0.84 ± 1.78 mg/dL, and the correlation between paired measurements was 0.78. In the multivariate analysis, TcB – TSB differences were 0.67 mg/dL higher in African-American newborns than in neonates of other races (P &lt; .001). The TcB – TSB difference also varied significantly based on brand of TcB meter used and hour of age of the infant. For 2.2% of paired measurements, the TcB measurement underestimated the TSB level by ≥3 mg/dL.

CONCLUSIONS:
During routine clinical care, TcB measurement provided a reasonable estimate of TSB levels in healthy newborns. Discrepancies between TcB and TSB levels were increased in African-American newborns and varied based on brand of meter used.
ADAPTAÇÃO DA METAHEURÍSTICAS GRASP COMO ALTERNATIVA PARA MELHORAR O DESEMPENHO DA LOGÍSTICA APLICADA AO E-COMMERCE
Authors: Zanetti Márcia Cristina Valle , Marôcco Annik Passos , Campos Jr Heleno de Souza 
Published: January 2015

Uma das questões mais relevantes para o sucesso do e-commerce é a capacidade das organizações em oferecer serviços de logística com qualidade, especialmente na distribuição e entrega de produtos solicitados. Sendo assim, essas empresas gradativamente se tornam mais dependentes de processos que propiciem sistemas de logística mais eficientes, ressaltando a ideia de oferecimento de produtos e serviços que possam superar barreiras como localização e distância a custos praticáveis. Propõe-se, neste artigo, diferentes versões da metaheurística GRASP para solucionar o Problema de Roteamento de Veículos. Para a sua resolução diferentes algoritmos aplicados à fase de construção e de busca local do GRASP são propostos, com posterior realização de refinamento visando melhorar a qualidade da solução buscada. O produto final do algoritmo possibilitará minimizar custos de logística, tempos de entrega, melhores rotas e redução da quantidade total de veículos necessários para o oferecimento do serviço.