bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Just-in-Time Training: A Novel Approach to Quality Improvement Education
Authors: Knutson Allison , Park Nesha D. , Smith Denise , Tracy Kelly , Reed Danielle J.W. , Olsen Steven L. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTJust-in-time training (JITT) is accepted in medical education as a training method for newer concepts or seldom-performed procedures. Providing JITT to a large nursing staff may be an effective method to teach quality improvement (QI) initiatives. We sought to determine if JITT could increase knowledge of a specific nutrition QI initiative.Members of the nutrition QI team interviewed staff using the Frontline Contextual Inquiry to assess knowledge regarding the specific QI project. The inquiry was completed pre- and post-JITT. A JITT educational cart was created, which allowed trainers to bring the educational information to the bedside for a short, small group educational session.The results demonstrated a marked improvement in the knowledge of the frontline staff regarding our Vermont Oxford Network involvement and the specifics of the nutrition QI project.Just-in-time training can be a valuable and effective method to disseminate QI principles to a large audience of staff members.
Neonatal Pressure Ulcer Prevention
Authors: Scheans Patricia 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe incidence of pressure ulcers in acutely ill infants and children ranges up to 27 percent in intensive care units, with a range of 16–19 percent in NICUs. Anatomic, physiologic, and developmental factors place ill and preterm newborns at risk for skin breakdown. Two case studies illustrate these factors, and best practices for pressure ulcer prevention are described.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in the NICU
Authors: Prine Kelli Beckvermit , Goracke Kimberly , Rubarth Lori Baas 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was developed for adults but has been used in neonates as a life-saving rescue therapy for infants with respiratory failure and/or cardiac collapse as a result of congenital diaphragmatic hernia, meconium aspiration syndrome, persistent pulmonary hypertension, or systemic sepsis. ECMO has been proven to increase the survival rate for these diseases. This article provides an overview of neonatal ECMO: the history and development of neonatal ECMO, patient selection criteria, clinical management, the ECMO circuit, weaning from ECMO, and possible complications of ECMO.
An Innovative Strategy to Improve Family–Infant Bonding
Authors: Hutcheson Jamie L. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTTo improve family–infant bonding while newborns were separated from their parents, work began to develop a new Childbirth Center policy to guide staff in using Apple’s FaceTime application with patients. Multidisciplinary meetings were held to obtain consent for the use of FaceTime and to protect patient information. We acquired two iPads and the support needed for updates. The staff was educated, and implementation began in January, 2014.This program improved bonding as evidenced by feedback received from the parents who utilized it. Several parents commented on how much they preferred seeing images of their babies in motion breathing and crying instead of just still pictures. Physicians also used FaceTime while talking with parents about plans of care. Since our implementation, we have utilized FaceTime with 46 infants to impact bonding in our Special Care Nursery. This process enhances the delivery of relationship-based care with our patients.
Comparison of Azithromycin and Amoxicillin Before Dental Implant Placement: An Exploratory Study of Bioavailability and Resolution of Postoperative Inflammation
Authors: Escalante Mariana Gil , Eubank Tim D. , Leblebicioglu Binnaz , Walters John D. 
Published: August 2015

Background: Studies suggest that a single prophylactic dose of amoxicillin reduces early implant complications, but it is unclear whether other antibiotics are also effective. This study compared the local antimicrobial and anti‐inflammatory effects resulting from a single dose of azithromycin or amoxicillin before surgical placement of one‐stage dental implants.Methods: Healthy adult patients requiring one‐stage dental implant placement were allocated randomly to receive either 2 g amoxicillin (n = 7) or 500 mg azithromycin (n = 6) before surgery. Peri‐implant crevicular fluid (PICF) samples from the new implant and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from adjacent teeth were sampled on postoperative days 6, 13, and 20. Inflammatory mediators in the samples were analyzed by immunoassay, and antibiotic levels were measured by bioassay.Results: On day 6, azithromycin concentrations in GCF and PICF were 3.39 ± 0.73 and 2.77 ± 0.90 μg/mL, respectively, whereas amoxicillin was below the limit of detection. During early healing, patents in the azithromycin group exhibited a significantly greater decrease in GCF volume (P = 0.03, analysis of variance). At specific times during healing, the azithromycin group exhibited significantly lower levels of interleukin (IL)‐6 and IL‐8 in GCF than the amoxicillin group and exhibited significantly lower levels of granulocyte colony stimulating factor, IL‐8, macrophage inflammatory protein‐1β, and interferon‐gamma‐inducible protein‐10 in PICF.Conclusions: Azithromycin was available at the surgical site for a longer period of time than amoxicillin, and patients taking azithromycin exhibited lower levels of specific proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in GCF and PICF. Thus, preoperative azithromycin may enhance resolution of postoperative inflammation to a greater extent than amoxicillin.
The Influence of Chemical EOR on Produced Water Separation and Quality
Authors: Kaiser Anton , White Alan , Lukman Andi , I Istiyarso , Gernand Martin , ShamsiJazeyi Hadi , Wylde Jonathan , Alvarez Lourdes 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The use of alkaline surfactant polymer flooding techniques is becoming more commonplace, particularly in projects where heavier and more viscous crude oil is produced. While the efficacy of increasing recovery factors cannot be disputed, often there is little consideration given to the implications of these EOR chemicals breaking through into producer wells and entering the produced water handling system. The impact caused by EOR chemical breakthrough can be varied, but most commonly the efficacy of oil/water separation is seriously affected. The contribution that EOR chemicals can have on reservoir souring is often underestimated, as is the effect they can have upon standard production chemicals such as scale and corrosion inhibitors. The following paper discusses the oil in water and water in oil emulsion issues during an alkaline surfactant polymer flooding pilot in Asia.
A Historical Review and Prospective Modern-Day Assessment of the Non-Itemizer Charitable Contribution Deduction
Authors: Smith Eric S. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT
The direct charitable contribution deduction was an experimental deduction for the 1982–1986 tax years. It represents the only example in the tax laws in which non-itemizers were allowed a charitable contribution deduction in tandem with the standard deduction. This article offers a review of three distinct eras in tax history: the advent of the standard deduction, the enactment of the direct charitable contribution deduction, and its subsequent abandonment. This article clarifies the literature to demonstrate that the direct charitable contribution's demise was not a matter of course. The deduction was made permanent by the House of Representatives. Its extension was the subject of rigorous debate in the Senate and was tabled by only a few votes.
This article also considers the prospect of a modern-day direct charitable contribution. Taken on balance, concerns of economic necessity, fiscal viability, and measurable impact on the charitable sector suggest that reinstatement is neither necessary nor a prudent tax subsidy. Modern-day data indicate that non-itemizers are already giving. The tax incentive, therefore, proffered through the non-itemizer charitable contribution deduction would likely have relatively minimal effect on the charitable sector.
Environmentally Driven Increases in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity in Pima Indians and Non-Pimas in Mexico Over a 15-Year Period: The Maycoba Project
Authors: Esparza-Romero Julian , Valencia Mauro E. , Urquidez-Romero Rene , Chaudhari Lisa S. , Hanson Robert L. , Knowler William C. , Ravussin Eric , Bennett Peter H. , Schulz Leslie O. 
Published: August 2015

OBJECTIVE
The global epidemics of type 2 diabetes and obesity have been attributed to the interaction between lifestyle changes and genetic predisposition to these diseases. We compared the prevalences of type 2 diabetes and obesity in Mexican Pima Indians, presumed to have a high genetic predisposition to these diseases, to those in their non-Pima neighbors, both of whom over a 15-year period experienced a transition from a traditional to a more modern lifestyle.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Prevalence of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, and obesity in Mexican Pimas (n = 359) and non-Pima Mexicans (n = 251) were determined in 2010 using methods identical to those used in 1995.

RESULTS
During this 15-year period, age-adjusted diabetes prevalence was unchanged in Pima men (5.8% in 1995 vs. 6.1% in 2010) yet increased in non-Pima men from 0.0 to 8.6% (P &lt; 0.05). Diabetes prevalence tended to increase in both Pima women (9.4 vs. 13.4%) and non-Pima women (4.8 vs. 9.5%). Age-adjusted prevalence of obesity increased significantly in all groups (6.6 vs. 15.7% in Pima men; 8.5 vs. 20.5% in non-Pima men; 18.9. vs 36.3% in Pima women; 29.5 vs. 42.9% in non-Pima women).

CONCLUSIONS
Type 2 diabetes prevalence increased between 1995 and 2010 in non-Pima men, and to a lesser degree in women of both groups, but it did not increase in Pima men. Prevalence of obesity increased among Pimas and non-Pimas of both sexes. These changes occurred concomitantly with an environmental transition from a traditional to a more modernized lifestyle.
Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase 3 Trial of Triple Therapy With Dapagliflozin Add-on to Saxagliptin Plus Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Mathieu Chantal , Ranetti Aurelian Emil , Li Danshi , Ekholm Ella , Cook William , Hirshberg Boaz , Chen Hungta , Hansen Lars , Iqbal Nayyar 
Published: August 2015

OBJECTIVE
To compare the efficacy and safety of treatment with dapagliflozin versus that with placebo add-on to saxagliptin plus metformin in patients whose type 2 diabetes is inadequately controlled with saxagliptin plus metformin treatment.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Patients receiving treatment with stable metformin (stratum A) (screening HbA1c level 8.0–11.5% [64–102 mmol/mol]) or stable metformin and a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor (stratum B) (HbA1c 7.5–10.5% [58–91 mmol/mol]) for ≥8 weeks received open-label saxagliptin 5 mg/day and metformin for 16 weeks (stratum A) or 8 weeks (stratum B) (saxagliptin replaced any DPP-4 inhibitor). Patients with inadequate glycemic control (HbA1c 7–10.5% [53–91 mmol/mol]) were randomized to receive placebo or dapagliflozin 10 mg/day plus saxagliptin and metformin. The primary end point was the change in HbA1c from baseline to week 24. Secondary end points included fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level, 2-h postprandial glucose (PPG) level, body weight, and proportion of patients achieving an HbA1c level of &lt;7% (53 mmol/mol).

RESULTS
Treatment with dapagliflozin add-on to saxagliptin plus metformin resulted in a greater mean HbA1c reduction than placebo (−0.82 vs. −0.10% [−9 vs. −1.1 mmol/mol], P &lt; 0.0001). Significantly greater reductions in FPG level, 2-h PPG level, and body weight were observed, and more patients achieved an HbA1c level of &lt;7% (53 mmol/mol) with treatment with dapagliflozin versus placebo. Adverse events were similar across treatment groups, with a low overall risk of hypoglycemia (∼1%). Genital infections developed in more patients with dapagliflozin treatment (5%) than with placebo (0.6%).

CONCLUSIONS
Triple therapy with dapagliflozin add-on to saxagliptin plus metformin improves glycemic control and is well tolerated in patients whose type 2 diabetes is inadequately controlled with saxagliptin plus metformin therapy.
Forests and forestry in Poland and other EU countries
Authors: Zając Stanisław , Kaliszewski Adam , Młynarski Wojciech 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The paper provides general information about forests and forestry in Poland against a background of other EU Member States. Based on the data published in various international sources of statistical data it presents the information of forest resources, forest health condition, protection of forests, occurrence of forest fires, employment in forestry and related sectors, as well as selected aspects of production and trade of wood and wood products and also generation and use of renewable energy. The paper concludes that Poland is characterized by vast forest and timber resources, however in view of a large area of the country and large population share of forest lands in the total area of the country and the average forest area per inhabitant are low. The high share of protected areas makes Poland one of the leaders in forest protection, however Polish forests are very vulnerable to fires. Poland is a significant producer of wood-based panels, sawnwood and pulpwood, as well as paper and cardboard.
Organisational consciousness in public safety management system
Authors: Kożuch Barbara , Sienkiewicz-Małyjurek Katarzyna 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Organisational consciousness is one of the primary determinants driving organisational development. It is the organisation’s capacity for assessment of its operation level, quest for uniformity and organisational identity. This consciousness revolves around objectives of actions and integrates collective efforts, thereby determining collaboration. Therefore, it performs a vital role in the public safety management system (PSMS), where efficiency of operations may be achieved only as a result of joint actions. In essence, this was an imperative to carry out research aimed at analysing the significance of organisational consciousness in the public safety management system. During enquiries the authors gave insight into the concepts of organisational consciousness and organisational development as well as characterizing the PSMS in the context of organisational consciousness.
Bearing in mind a comprehensive and adaptive approach to each analysed situation in an individual manner the relevance of organisational consciousness in public safety management systems was found. Furthermore it was testified that organisational consciousness in the PSMS affects three areas, namely: enhances involvement in accomplishment of objectives set, strengthens inter-organisational collaboration and fosters innovative solutions.
Perception of organizational culture, commitment and loyalty of corporation employees
Authors: Barabasz Adela , Kuźmierz Mieszko 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The article is of empirical nature. It presents the results of research dedicated to identification of the organizational culture and the commitment of the employees of an international corporation operating on the financial services market. The OCAI questionnaire, used to identify the dominant type of organizational culture, and a questionnaire concerning the commitment and loyalty of employees in three selected branches of the company, located in Poland, England and India, were used in the research.
The main aim of the research was to identify the types of the organizational culture and to define the level of commitment of employees and loyalty, taking into account factors like branch location and nationality of the surveyed people. The assumption that organizational culture is positively correlated with the level of commitment and loyalty has been only partially confirmed and requires further verification. However, the differences between the results from the three branches (Poland, India, England) encourage continuation of that type of research.
Intercultural interactions in the German subsidiary operating in Poland-a case study
Authors: Przytuła Sylwia 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to identify the benefits and weaknesses arising from intercultural interactions arising between foreigners and local staff in the German subsidiary operating in Poland. The research procedure was a case study, and a method was 12 semi-structured interviews with Polish managers.
Research problems concerned the general perception of the Polish managers in relation to cooperation with foreigners. The respondents indicated the benefits and problems of this cooperation, as well as practical guidance (advice) to improve these interactions. This case study enriched the empirical achievements in the area of the new trend in management sciences, which is the positive organizational scholarship (POS).
Towards Family Entrepreneurial Orientation. The Construct, Dimensionality and Measurement
Authors: Tomski Piotr 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The paper is an attempt to transfer the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) onto the family ground. It constitutes an attempt to emerge the model of family entrepreneurial orientation (FEO) as the family background determining attitudes and entrepreneurial intentions. The research was conducted on a group of students who were asked to respond the questions concerning their families, and particularly, the ones formulated with reference to the existing concepts of entrepreneurial orientation referring to organizational entrepreneurship. There was conducted explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability of the scale was analyzed using Cronbach’s alpha reliability estimate.
“Stepping Up” Activity Poststroke: Ankle-Positioned Accelerometer Can Accurately Record Steps During Slow Walking
Authors: Klassen Tara D. , Simpson Lisa A. , Lim Shannon B. , Louie Dennis R. , Parappilly Beena , Sakakibara Brodie M. , Zbogar Dominik , Eng Janice J. 
Published: August 2015

Background
As physical activity in people poststroke is low, devices that monitor and provide feedback of walking activity provide motivation to engage in exercise and may assist rehabilitation professionals in auditing walking activity. However, most feedback devices are not accurate at slow walking speeds.

Objective
This study assessed the accuracy of one accelerometer to measure walking steps of community-dwelling individuals poststroke.

Design
This was a cross-sectional study.

Methods
Two accelerometers were positioned on the nonparetic waist and ankle of participants (N=43), and walking steps from these devices were recorded at 7 speeds (0.3–0.9 m/s) and compared with video recordings (gold standard).

Results
When positioned at the waist, the accelerometer had more than 10% error at all speeds, except 0.8 and 0.9 m/s, and numerous participants recorded zero steps at 0.3 to 0.5 m/s. The device had 10% or less error when positioned at the ankle for all speeds between 0.4 and 0.9 m/s.

Limitations
Some participants were unable to complete the faster walking speeds due to their walking impairments and inability to maintain the requested walking speed.

Conclusions
Although not recommended by the manufacturer, positioning the accelerometer at the ankle (compared with the waist) may fill a long-standing need for a readily available device that provides accurate feedback for the altered and slow walking patterns that occur with stroke.
Evaluating innovation. Part 1: The concept of progressive scholarly acceptance
Authors: Schnurman Zane , Kondziolka Douglas 
Published: August 2015

Understanding how the relevant medical community accepts new therapies is vital to patients, physicians, and society. Increasingly, focus is placed on how medical innovations are evaluated. But recognizing when a treatment has become accepted practice—essentially, acceptance by the scientific community—remains a challenge and a barrierto investigating treatment development. This report aims to demonstrate the theory, method, and limitations of a model for measuring a new metric that the authors term “progressive scholarly acceptance.”
A model was developed to identify when the scientific community has accepted an innovation, by observing when researchers have moved beyond the initial study of efficacy.
This model could enable further investigations into the methods and influences of treatment development.
Risk factors in retained fetal lung fluid syndrome
Authors: Ozalkaya E. , Topçuoğlu S. , Hafizoğlu T. , Karatekin G. , Ovali Fahri 
Published: August 2015

OBJECTIVE: Antenatal, postnatal follow-ups and laboratory findings of the cases with retained fetal lung fluid syndrome were evaluated to detect prognostic factors. STUDY DESIGN: This study was conducted at Zeynep Kamil Maternity and Children’s Training and Research Hospital including infants retained fetal lung fluid syndrome. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to duration of the clinical symptoms. Cases whose clinical findings resolving within first 24 hours constituted Group 1 ( n = 31), cases with clinical findings persisting between 24 and 72 hours constituted Group 2 ( n = 95) and cases with symptoms persisting >72 hours constituted Group 3 ( n = 10). Antenatal and postnatal clinical data and laboratory findings of the patients were evaluated retrospectively. RESULT: Pneumothorax, pulmonary hypertension, antibiotic use frequency and hospitalization periods were found to be prolonged in the patients admitted due to retained fetal lung fluid syndrome who were delivered with elective caesarean section, with low birth weight and gestational age, requiring intubation and invasive ventilation within first 12 hours, having low hemoglobin and blood chloride levels. CONCLUSIONS: Low blood chloride level can be a laboratory finding predicting whether malignant tachypnea develops or not in retained fetal lung fluid syndrome. Cut-off chloride value for malignant tachypnea can be determined with new studies which will be performed in the future.
Determining the prevalence of cytomegalovirus infection in a cohort of preterm infants
Authors: Pitlick Mitchell M. , Orr Kristin , Momany Allison M. , McDonald Erin L. , Murray Jeffrey C. , Ryckman Kelli K. 
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUND: Preterm birth is a global public health problem that is a significant cause of infant morbidity and mortality. Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has been proposed as a risk factor for preterm birth, but the rate of CMV in infants born preterm is unclear. CMV is the leading infectious cause of sensorineural hearing loss, which will affect 15% – 20% of congenitally infected infants later in their childhood. 90% of infected infants are asymptomatic at birth and are not recognized as at risk for CMV-associated deficits. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of CMV infection in a large cohort of preterm infants. METHODS: DNA was extracted from cord blood, peripheral blood, saliva, and buccal swab samples collected from preterm infants. A total of 1200 unique DNA samples were tested for CMV using a nested PCR protocol. The proportions of preterm infants with CMV was compared by sample collection type, race, gender, and gestational age. RESULTS: A total of 37 infants tested positive for CMV (3.08%). After excluding twins, siblings, and infants older than two weeks at the time of sample collection, two out of 589 infants were CMV positive (0.3%), which was lower than the proportion of CMV observed in the general population. All positive samples came from buccal swabs. CONCLUSIONS: Our work suggests that while CMV infection may not be greater in preterm infants than in the general population, given the neurologic consequences of CMV in preterm infants, screening of this population may still be warranted. If so, our results suggest buccal swabs, collected at pregnancy or at birth, may be an ideal method for such a program.