bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A matter of reception: ELF and LaRa compared
Authors: Hülmbauer Cornelia 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This article addresses the conceptual differences and commonalities between two modes of intercultural communication: English as a lingua franca (ELF) and Lingua Receptiva (LaRa). While the former is more frequent and wide- spread but disputed for reasons of monolingual dominance, the latter is lesser known und contextually restricted but praised for preserving linguistic diversity. The article takes such common presumptions as a starting point for a detailed comparative investigation of the concepts ELF and LaRa. The first section is dedicated to the overall language frameworks of the two modes. It thus points to their constellational specificities and the notions of locality and context involved in them. The second part takes a closer look at the speaker/hearer perspectives assumed in ELF and LaRa as well as at the different manifestations of linguistic variability and accommodation emerging from them. The third part is then concerned with the assumedly most prominent dividing points between lingua franca and lingua receptiva, namely issues of range, linguistic diversity and eventually the relative degree of plurilinguality exhibited in the two modes. In a final comparative summary of the points raised, the article ultimately comes to the conclusion that ELF and LaRa are not at all mutually exclusive but overlapping communicative modes. It thus argues that intercultural speakers could profit from using them in a complementary fashion.
Grinding Characteristics of Black Soybeans (Glycine max) at Varied Moisture Contents: Particle Size, Energy Consumption, and Grinding Kinetics
Authors: Lee Youn Ju , Yoo Jin Sil , Yoon Won Byong 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The effects of moisture content on the grinding characteristics of black soybeans were studied. The average particle size of the black soybean powder was smaller as the moisture content was decreased by drying. Bond’s constants and the work index showed lower values as the moisture content decreased. A sigmoid model accurately described the grinding kinetics of the black soybean powder (R
2 > 0.90). The parameters in the sigmoidal models were useful to explain the effect of moisture content during grinding. However, at higher moisture contents, the sigmoid model did not accurately fit the grinding kinetics. The grinding characteristics of black soybeans showed a strong dependence on moisture content. Adjusting the moisture contents of black soybeans using a pretreatment such as drying is very important to control the grinding characteristics, including the energy consumption and the average particle size, during grinding.
An Empirical Examination of Minsky’s Financial Instability Hypothesis: From Market Process to Austrian Business Cycle
Authors: Mulligan Robert F. , Lirely Roger , Coffee David 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Minsky proposed classifying firms in three categories: (1) hedge finance units which borrow no more than they are able to service in interest and principal out of operating cash flows, (2) speculative finance units which are overleveraged to the point where they can service interest on their debt out of operating cash flows, but cannot repay the principal, and thus must continually roll over their existing debt, and (3) Ponzi finance units, whose operating cash flows are inadequate even to service interest on their debt. In Minsky’s financial instability hypothesis (FIH) protracted prosperity leads endogenously to firms overleveraging themselves and transforming a market dominated by hedge finance into one dominated by speculative and Ponzi finance. Since Ponzi finance units are forced to sell off assets to service their existing interest payments, once the market is sufficiently dominated by Ponzi finance units, this creates an oversupply of assets offered for sale, and the resulting debt deflation causes a financial crisis and drastic shortage of liquidity. It appears this crisis state can be brought about by a deceptively low critical mass of Ponzi and speculative finance units. This paper uses a large 2002–2009 quarterly data set of all publicly traded North American firms and foreign firms traded on North American exchanges, a total of 8,905 stocks. Financial ratios are used to classify these firms in each quarter according to Minsky’s FIH categories. Market value is used to weight the categories, and average betas are computed as measures of volatility. Results provide dramatic support for the FIH. The FIH is then reinterpreted in terms of Austrian business cycle (ABC) theory, which depends on inflationary credit expansion to drive the unsustainable prosperity. According to Minsky’s FIH, unsustainable prosperity emerges endogenously as long periods of economic expansion make borrowers and lenders alike more willing to engage in investment activities for which they fail to see the inherent risk. It becomes clear that this process is amplified and exacerbated by credit expansion. Minsky’s FIH helps flesh out some of the missing dynamics of the malinvestment liquidation phase of ABC theory, and the two views turn out to be surprisingly complementary.
Well Placement Optimization Under Constraints Using Modified Cuckoo Search
Authors: Alghareeb Zeid M. , Walton Sean P. , Williams John R. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
A new robust metaheuristic optimization method, namely modified cuckoo search (MCS), is presented in this paper. MCS is inspired by breeding behavior of cuckoo birds and combined with Lèvy flight approach to efficiently search for optimal solutions. MCS is coupled with a filtering technique to provide the ability to handle nonlinear constraints. The filter-based MCS is efficient insofar as it provides a bias toward exploration during early generations allowing for global search and then shifts that bias toward exploitation at final generations allowing to search promising areas of the solution. This helps in finding feasible solutions at earlier search stages and consequently improves convergence rate.
Two example cases involving two-dimensional synthetic reservoir models are presented. The first case compares the performance of MCS to that of genetic algorithm (GA) to maximize oil recovery by optimizing the location of four injection wells. It is shown that MCS outperforms GA in terms of the optimal solution as well as the rate of convergence. The second case entails the use of filter-based MCS to maximize NPV under maximum water cut constraint at the production well. The results indicate the superior performance of the filter-based MCS as it was able to quickly find feasible solutions even though all previous initial solutions were infeasible. The incorporation of filtering technique allows to assess the sensitivity of the objective function to the constraint violation. This provides additional insights that can lead to better future planning.
Existence and approximate controllability of Sobolev type fractional stochastic evolution equations
Authors: Mahmudov N.I. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
We study the existence of mild solutions and the approximate controllability concept for Sobolev type fractional semilinear stochastic evolution equations in Hilbert spaces. We prove existence of a mild solution and give sufficient conditions for the approximate controllability. In particular, we prove that the fractional linear stochastic system is approximately controllable in [0, b] if and only if the corresponding deterministic fractional linear system is approximately controllable in every [s, b], 0 ≤ s < b. An example is provided to illustrate the application of the obtained results.
Controllability, reachability and minimum energy control of fractional discrete-time linear systems with multiple delays in state
Authors: Busłowicz M. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
In the paper the problems of controllability, reachability and minimum energy control of a fractional discrete-time linear system with delays in state are addressed. A general form of solution of the state equation of the system is given and necessary and sufficient conditions for controllability, reachability and minimum energy control are established. The problems are considered for systems with unbounded and bounded inputs. The considerations are illustrated by numerical examples. Influence of a value of the fractional order on an optimal value of the performance index of the minimum energy control is examined on an example.
Scheduling arbitrary number of malleable tasks on multiprocessor systems
Authors: Barketau M.S. , Kovalyov M.Y. , Węglarz J. , Machowiak M. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The problem of scheduling n tasks in a multiprocessor system with m processors to minimize the makespan is studied. Tasks are malleable, which means that a task can be executed by several processors at a time, its processing speed depends on the number of allocated processors, and a set of processors allocated to the same task can change over time. The processing speed of a task is a strictly increasing function of the number of processors allocated to this task. The earlier studies considered the case n ≤ m. This paper presents results for arbitrary n and m including characterizations of a feasible domain and an optimal solution, polynomial time algorithms for strictly increasing convex and concave processing speed functions, and a combinatorial exponential algorithm for arbitrary strictly increasing functions.
Stability analysis of hybrid active power filter
Authors: Buła D. , Pasko M. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
In the paper the analysis of a three-phase hybrid active power filter stability has been presented. Configuration with a single tuned passive filter was used as an example. However, the analysis can be applied to similar configurations of hybrid filters with closed loop control.
The article presents a model of the analyzed system in the frequency domain. The division of the model into two independent systems, for positive and negative components, allowed to apply the Nyquist criterion for the stability analysis in this case. As a part of the analysis, the effect of delays, control signal filter parameters, and passive filter parameters have been examined. Based on the presented stability analysis, system parameters for the experimental model of a hybrid power filter have been selected. Finally, experimental results confirming the validity of the analysis have been shown.
Formal model of time point-based sequential data for OLAP-like analysis
Authors: Bębel B. , Morzy T. , Królikowski Z. , Wrembel R. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Numerous nowadays applications generate huge sets of data, whose natural feature is order, e.g,. sensor installations, RFID devices, workflow systems, Website monitors, health care applications. By analyzing the data and their order dependencies one can acquire new knowledge. However, nowadays commercial BI technologies and research prototypes allow to analyze mostly set oriented data, neglecting their order (sequential) dependencies. Few approaches to analyzing data of sequential nature have been proposed so far and all of them lack a comprehensive data model being able to represent and analyze sequential dependencies. In this paper, we propose a formal model for time point-based sequential data. The main elements of this model include an event and a sequence of events. Measures are associated with events and sequences. Measures are analyzed in the context set up by dimensions in an OLAP-like manner by means of the set of operations. The operations in our model are categorized as: operations on sequences, on dimensions, general operations, and analytical functions.
Increase of efficiency of SI engine through the implementation of thermodynamic cycle with additional expansion
Authors: Noga M. , Sendyka B. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The paper presents the theoretical basis and practical implementation of the concept of a five-stroke cycle where an additional expansion of the working medium is achieved in a separate cylinder. The work, carried out at the Cracow University of Technology, constitutes a development of the idea of five-stroke engine. This paper proposes a new theoretical thermodynamic cycle that describes the processes occurring in a five-stroke engine. It has been taken into consideration that the expansion ratio of the engine is twice the compression ratio. At the next step an analysis of the thermodynamic cycle with particular emphasis on its thermal efficiency compared to efficiency of four-stroke engine has been shown. In the second part of the article selected research results of the five-stroke engine built based on the existing four-cylinder spark ignition engine have been presented. A comparison of the total efficiency obtained by the engine in the four- and five-stroke version has been provided. Similar comparisons for specific emission of the selected exhaust components have also been given.
The onset of thermal convection in couple-stress fluid in hydromagnetics saturating a porous medium
Authors: Rana Gian C. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
In this paper, the effect of magnetic field on thermal convection in couple-stress fluid saturating a porous medium is considered. By applying linear stability theory and the normal mode analysis method, a mathematical theorem is derived which states that the viscoelastic thermal convection at marginal state, cannot manifest as stationary convection if the thermal Rayleigh number R, the medium permeability parameter Pι the couple-stress parameter F and the Chandrasekher number Q, satisfy the inequality

the result clearly establishes the stabilizing character of couple-stress parameter and magnetic field whereas destabilizing character of medium permeability.
A simplified control strategy for single-phase UPS inverters
Authors: Monfared M. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Though there are many strategies to control single-phase uninterruptible power supply (UPS) inverters, they suffer from some drawbacks, the main being complexity. This paper proposes a simple dual-loop controller for the single-phase UPS inverter with the LC filter. The suggested control scheme uses the capacitor current as the feedback signal in the inner current loop. No fictitious phase generation or reference frame transformations are required, and simple proportional gains are employed as both voltage and current regulators. A feedforward of the derivative of the output voltage is also proposed, which significantly improves the performance of the closed loop control system. Then, based on the model of the inverter with the proposed control strategy, a simple and systematic design procedure is presented. Finally, the theoretical achievements are supported by extensive simulations.
Active glasses as the luminescent sources of radiation for sensor applications
Authors: Żmojda J. , Dorosz D. , Kochanowicz M. , Dorosz J. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The article presents physicochemical, thermal and spectroscopic properties of two different glass systems: TeO2-GeO2-PbO-PbF2- BaO-Nb2O5-LaF3 and SiO2-Al2O3-Sb2O3, co-doped with Yb3+/Tm3+ ions. Blue upconversion luminescence at a wavelength of 478 nm corresponding to the thulium 1G4 ⇥3H6 transition was observed under 976 nm pump radiation in both of the co-doped glasses. This indicated the existence of efficient Yb3+ ⇥ Tm3+ energy transfer via three-photon absorption mechanism. Thermal and optical results substantiate the claim for practical applicability of the manufactured glasses in design of optical fiber sources.
NS1 gene based molecular characteristics of Aleutian mink disease virus circulating in Poland
Authors: Reichert Michał , Kostro Krzysztof 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterise the genetic variability of the Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV) circulating among mink farmed in Poland and to compare Polish isolates with AMDV variants available in the GenBank database. For this purpose PCR amplification and analysis of the 429 bp DNA fragment of the AMDV NS1 gene from 13 randomly selected AMDV infected mink was performed. A comparison showed that all tested amplicons were closely related to the sequence of the NS1 gene of AMDV and showed high (94%-97%) homology to virus variants from American mink (Neovison vison) isolated in Canada in 2007-2008. Eleven samples showing a high percentage (95%-97%) of sequence similarity together with three similar isolates originating from Canada formed one clade (monophyletic group). Two variants showing a lower percentage (about 94%- 95%) of sequence similarity to isolates from Canada formed a separate clade. Polish viruses can be subdivided into two main groups with a putative ancestor common to both Polish and three Canadian isolates. This result confirms the literature data indicating the occurrence of American mink in Eastern Europe (including Poland) from the 1950s when the animals were imported for breeding purposes. In conclusion, we provide for the first time a report on the genetic characteristics of the AMDV variants circulating in the Polish population of farmed mink and their relationship with previously known AMDV variants isolated and described abroad.
Histopathological and cytopathological findings in minipigs infected with Streptococcus suis serotype 2
Authors: Xie Chun , Hou Yi-Xuan , Zhao Yu-Ting , Cai Xue-Hui , Li Cai-Ying , Li Pei-Feng , Li Yun-Zhang , Su Xue , Yue Xiu-Wei , Wang Shu-Jie , Liu Yong-Gang , Yang Wei-Jun , Yuan Cong-Li , Cu Li , Hua Xiu-Guo , Yang Zhi-Biao 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Five pathogen-free miniature pigs (minipigs) were infected with the virulent strain SH08 of Streptococcus suis 2 (SS2) by intramuscular injection. The pigs died consecutively within 72 h after the challenge. An additional five non-infected pigs were euthanised and used as controls. Microstructural observations showed that degeneration, bleeding, congestion, cellular necrosis, and an increase in inflammatory cells were present in all organs and tissues except the brain. Ultrastructural observations revealed mitochondrial vacuolation and malformed or missing cristae, indicating that infection of minipigs with strain SH08 of SS2 can lead to extensive lesions in major internal organs and tissues. The findings also demonstrated that the minipig is a useful model for the study of SS2 infection.
Comparative identification of Candida species isolated from animals using phenotypic and PCR-RFLP methods
Authors: Nadăş George Cosmin , Kalmár Zsuzsa , Taulescu Marian Aurel , Chirilă Flore , Bouari Cosmina Maria , Răpuntean Sorin , Bolfa Pompei , Fiţ Nicodim Iosif 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify 58 Candida sp. strains isolated from animals using the Chromatic Candida test, the API 20 C AUX system, and polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The Chromatic Candida test was able to identify only C. albicans and C. krusei. The API 20 C AUX system and PCR-RFLP had similar specificity for the identification of Candida strains. In case of both methods, Candida albicans was the most frequently isolated species - 22 (37.93%) strains, followed by Candida krusei - 17 (29.31%) strains, Candida famata - 10 (17.24%) strains, Candida parapsilosis - five (8.62%) strains, and Candida kefyr - four (6.89%) strains. PCR-RFLP represents a reliable, quick and relatively inexpensive genotyping method, recommended for rapid identification of Candida spp.
Hygiene assessment of sheep slaughter cycle
Authors: Pyz-Łukasik Renata , Paszkiewicz Waldemar 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The purpose of the study was to determine microbial contamination of mutton carcass surface with regard to the number of the slaughtered animals. The total bacterial load and Enterobacteriaceae and enterococci counts were determined. Sampling for microbiological analysis as well as detection and enumeration of each microorganism group were performed according to the Polish Standards. No significant effect of the order of the slaughtering animals during the slaughter day on total bacterial count on mutton carcass surfaces was found. The overall bacterial contamination of mutton carcasses were between 1.0 × 103 cfu/cm2 (3.0 log - stage I) and 2.5 × 103 cfu/cm2 (3.4 log - stage III). No significant difference among the slaughter cycles, as indicated by total microbial numbers was observed. The obtained daily mean log values ranged from 4.7 × 102 (2.67 log) and 7.6 × 103 (3.88 log) cfu/cm2. The daily log mean values were lower than the maximal bacteria count (M) set out for hygiene standard of sheep slaughter process by the Commission Regulation 2073/2005. Bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family were recovered from 21 (65.6%) samples while enterococci were identified in 28 (87.5%) samples. In most cases, significant differences in the level of contamination with bacteria isolated from the carcasses at each stage of a daily slaughter cycle, were not observed. At stage III, significantly higher levels of bacterial contamination (0.86 and 1.31 log cfu/cm2 respectively) were established as compared to stage I (0.37 and 0.58 log cfu/cm2 respectively). There were no Salmonella-positive samples determined. Importantly, the number of slaughtered animals during a slaughter day did not influence bacterial contamination on carcass surface if the successful application of HACCP control system was combined with the implementation of optimal sanitary supervision.
Determination of illegal dyes in eggs by liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Piątkowska Marta , Jedziniak Piotr , Żmudzki Jan 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
A multiresidue method for simultaneous determination of 10 dyes unauthorised for the use in laying hens was developed (Sudan I, Sudan II, Sudan III, Sudan IV, Sudan Red G, Sudan Orange G, Sudan Red 7B, Para-Red, Toluidine Red, Citrus Red). The dyes were extracted using liquid-liquid extraction with acetonitrile in the presence of anhydrous sodium sulphate, and cleaned using zirconium coated silica cartridges. After dilution with acetonitrile saturated with hexane:DMSO (8:2), samples were analysed using LC-MS/MS system with acetonitrile (A) and 0.1% formic acid (B) as a mobile phase in a gradient mode and C18 analytical column. The method was validated according to the requirements described in the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC: linearity (r ≥ 0.998), precision: repeatability (1.94%-10.02%), and within-laboratory reproducibility (4.66%-8.89%), recovery (97%-105%), decision limit CCα (5.33-6.50 μg/kg), and detection capability CCβ (6.18-7.50 μg/kg) were calculated. The developed method fulfilled all performance criteria and can be used in the official survey of dyes residues in food of animal origin.
Hepatic stellate cells in the liver of dogs with steroid-induced hepatopathy
Authors: Sobczak-Filipiak Małgorzata , Szarek Józef , Czopowicz Michał , Mieczkowska Joanna , Lechowski Roman 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Morphological lesions in hepatic stellate cells caused by the immunosuppressive doses of dexamethasone were investigated in dogs. The archival samples of liver collected during a surgical biopsy were examined. The samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin or Carnoy’s solution and then stained with routine histochemical methods. The lesions were also investigated under electron microscope. It was demonstrated that the number of stellate cells significantly increased (P = 0.0277), yet the size of cytoplasmic lipid droplets significantly decreased (P = 0.0001). Even though steroid-induced hepatopathy is considered to be a reversible pathology, and the lesions in hepatocytes under the influence of dexamethasone occur in a short period, it was found that hepatic stellate cells proliferated and underwent activation. This resulted in collagen accumulation in the hepatic sinuses. The functional and morphological disturbances in the canine liver in the course of steroid-induced hepatopathy are initially subclinical, but the changes in the structure and function of hepatic stellate cells may become a cause of lesions in the wall of hepatic sinusoidal vessels, which may induce additional functional pathologies unrelated to the damage to hepatocytes.