bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
472 The International Student Surgical Network-UK (InciSioN-UK) Global Surgery Conference 2023 - Addressing the Need for Global Surgery Exposure
Authors: Erhabor J , Wong W , Fareed F , Anderson R , Kotecha S , Mazzoleni A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aim
InciSion-UK is the global surgery national working group for UK-based medical students and trainee doctors. On September 9th, 2023, InciSion-UK ran a one-day international hybrid conference to educate the target audience about global surgery. This study aimed to explore attendees' attitudes towards global surgery and evaluate the event’s impact.

Method
The InciSion-UK Global Surgery Conference 2023 was held at the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of England and featured various virtual, and in-person talks, panels, and presentations. Pre- and post-conference questionnaires were distributed via email and MedAll to all registered participants before and after the event.

Results
Out of 640 pre-conference responses, the majority were from doctors (59%) or medical students (31%) based in Europe (45.6%), Asia (31%) and Africa (22%). “Education/Teaching” (75%) and “Research” (70%) were their key areas of interest within global surgery. "Professional Development" (83%) and "Learning about Global Surgery" (71%) were cited as the main reasons for registering.
From 794 post-conference responses, participants’ confidence in global surgery increased from 2.8/5 to 4.2/5. The overall ‘helpfulness’ of the content was rated at 4.4/5. Feedback from the conference highlighted the quality of talks (40%) and technical issues (22%) as the key areas of positive and negative feedback. In future events, attendees wanted to learn more about specific surgical specialties/procedures (21.82%) and research/innovation (18.18%).

Conclusions
The InciSion-UK Global Surgery Conference 2023 educated a diverse audience of medical students and trainees and increased their confidence in global surgery. Feedback from the conference will be invaluable for developing future global surgery events.
494 A Comparison of the Nature and Prevalence of Bullying Amongst Trainees and Consultants
Authors: Novintan S , Elton C 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aim
The study aims to compare the prevalence and nature of bullying amongst trainees and consultants, as well as to analyse the effectiveness of reporting systems.

Method
UK GMC-registered doctors participated in an anonymised survey on bullying (n=313). The majority were male (57%), 42% were consultants, 37% trainees and 21% out of training.

Results
42% of trainees had experienced bullying. Compared to consultants, trainees are more likely to be bullied by nurses (p&lt;0.05), administrative staff (p=0.06) and less likely to be bullied by colleagues of a similar standing (p&lt;0.05). Trainees reported bullying less frequently than consultants (35% vs. 39%).
Trainees didn’t report bullying for fear of being labelled a troublemaker (68%), a belief that nothing would happen (68%) and a fear of being targeted as a result (59%). Notably, trainees ranked certain reasons much higher than consultants: a lack of awareness of the reporting procedure, lengthy reporting procedure, a lack of support and a fear of anonymity being broken.
When trainees reported the bullying, the outcome wasn’t to their satisfaction in almost half of the cases. The most cited reason was “nothing changed as a result”. Of those who received a response, response time was most commonly less than 3 months. Trainees were less likely to contact the freedom to speak up guardian than consultants. A majority of trainees wish they had reported the bullying in hindsight.

Conclusions
This data demonstrates that bullying is still a prevalent issue and underscores the further work needed to support trainees specifically in reporting bullying.
525 Ampullary Adenoma Associated with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis. An Uncommon Cause of Pancreatitis Diagnosed on Transcystic Choledochoscopy
Authors: Goh B , Ho S , Chai V , Houli N , Smith N 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We present the case of a gentleman in his forties, who presented with post-prandial right upper quadrant pain associated with nausea and vomiting. His background was notable for a total colectomy and end ileostomy at the age of 33 in the setting of Familial Adematous Polyposis. His past medical history was notable for depression and anxiety.
On examination he was haemodynamically stable and afebrile, with percussion tenderness and localised guarding in the right upper quadrant. Investigations revealed an elevated lipase of 4700. His liver function tests were notable for a bilirubin of 50, and mild cholestatic derangement on his liver function tests. Diagnosis of mild pancreatitis was established.
Ultrasound demonstrated sludge in the gallbladder, though no evidence of common bile duct dilatation. An MRCP (Figure 1) was first performed, which demonstrated interstitial pancreatitis, associated with a distal common bile duct filling defect favoured to be sludge.
Laparoscopic choelcystectomy with transcystic bile duct exploration was performed utilising a flexible choledodoscope. Multiple polyploid lesions were noted arising from the distal common bile duct, extending to the Ampulla (Video 1, Figure 2). A biopsy was not obtained. A Fanelli biliary stent was deployed via a trancystic approach to allow for biliary drainage. An ERCP was subsequently performed confirming the diagnosis of ampullary adenoma.
Long term follows up studies would suggest the risk of malignant transformation is low, thus while there is no standardised approach to ampullary adenoma, endoscopic resection is preferred to surgical resection and pancreaticoduodenectomy, accepting a high likelihood of recurrence.
108 Comparing Virtual Reality Versus Simulation to Teach the Assessment and Management of Acute Surgical Scenarios
Authors: Tran M T , Ahmad M , Patel K , Argyriou O , Davies A , Shalhoub J 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Traditional apprenticeship-based surgical training presents with challenges, especially in acute scenarios. Simulation is the current gold standard but has its drawbacks. Virtual reality (VR) offers immersive three-dimensional computer-generated training scenarios and can connect users from various locations.

Aim
We aimed to compare the performance of junior doctors to manage an acute surgical scenario using VR and mannequin-based simulation. We hypothesised that VR would be as effective as mannequin-based simulation in performance outcomes.

Method
This multicentre, randomised controlled pilot study was conducted with eighteen junior doctor volunteers (Foundation and Core Trainee Year 1). Ten were randomly allocated to VR and eight to mannequin-based simulation. Participants completed questionnaires and a 15-minute pneumothorax scenario. Quantitative metrics included overall score, time-to-critical decisions, and academic buoyancy scores (ABS). Qualitative metrics included participants’ likes and dislikes of their allocated simulation modality.

Results
VR participants scored significantly higher than mannequin-based simulation participants in overall scores (74.30% (SD±5.08%) versus 59.75% (SD±10.14) (p=0.04)), and technical skills aspects (77.20% (SD±8.01%) versus 65.00% (SD±8.21%) (p=0.01)). Mannequin-based simulation participants initiated critical decisions faster and demonstrated a trend towards a faster mean time-to-completion (p=0.06). ABS scores increased for both study groups, though was only significant for VR participants (p≤0.01). VR participants liked how VR fostered independent learning but disliked the formulaic content and impaired communication-learning compared to mannequin-based simulation.

Conclusions
VR can be as effective as mannequin-based simulation in training junior doctors in acute surgical scenarios. Future research should recruit a larger sample size for a full comparative randomised controlled trial.
926 Long-Term Outcomes of Internal Fixation vs Hemiarthroplasty for Femoral Neck Fractures: A Quantitative Analysis of the Correlation Between Harris Hip Score and Mortality in Elderly Patients
Authors: Gill S , Govardhana B , Patel R , Prashar A , Ramkumar P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aim
Trials that assess differences over time in HHS (Harris Hip Score), for both hemiarthroplasty and internal fixation post NOF (neck of femur) fractures, are limited. NOF fractures are more common in elderly patients and have high associated risks of mortality. Mortality rates after hemiarthroplasty or internal fixation vary in the literature. A quantitative relationship between HHS and mortality after these surgical interventions between 12 and 24 months is not known. This study aims to calculate this relationship.

Method
PubMed and Cochrane were searched for randomised controlled trials up to 7.11.23, reporting HHS over 12, and 24 months. Data was extracted by 4 researchers. The differences in HHS over time post hemiarthroplasty and fixation was assessed using unpaired T testing. 905 records were screened. 3 studies enrolling 544 participants met the eligibility criteria and were analysed.

Results
Our analysis showed an insignificant correlation between weighted HHS and mortality in fixation procedure outcomes (r=0.28, r^2= 0.08), However, revealed a relatively strong negative correlation in hemiarthroplasty procedure outcomes (r=-0.67, r^2=0.44). No significant relationships could be determined (p&gt;0.05).

Conclusions
Known changes to the relationship between HHS and mortality over time could affect the choice of surgical intervention for a NOF fracture for patients with greater comorbidities and surgical risk. This could inform future clinical trial design and surgical decision-making. Further studies are required to formally assess a correlation between HHS and mortality over time - specifically between 12 and 24 months.
1262 Comparison of Oncological Outcomes Following a Whipple Procedure with Vascular Resection to a Standard Whipple Procedure
Authors: Bennett H , Strauther S 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aim
A Whipple procedure with vasculature resection is performed in selected patients when indicated. The oncological outcomes were reviewed and compared with patients who underwent a standard Whipple procedure.

Method
As part of a wider literature review, survival outcomes following a standard Whipple procedure were compared with patients who underwent either arterial or venous resection. Anatomical dissection of cadavers was also conducted to highlight the concomitant anatomy.

Results
When venous resection was performed there was a lower 5-year survival compared to the standard Whipple procedure. However, this difference became non-significant once subgroup analysis was performed on studies which used neo-adjuvant therapy. Effective performance of arterial resection demonstrated greater median survival over palliative care. Though, when compared to those who underwent a standard Whipple procedure the median survival, 1-year and 3-year survival was lower.

Conclusions
When neo-adjuvant therapy is used, the oncological outcomes of those who underwent a venous resection Whipple procedure were similar to those who underwent a standard Whipple procedure. Clinicians should be aware of the possible benefits this provides in increasing survival. The Whipple procedure with arterial resection is a possible treatment as it demonstrated greater oncological outcomes over palliative care. However, these patients need to be carefully selected by the surgeon.
1300 Gender Distribution of Invited Speakers at Major Cardiothoracic Surgery Conferences: A Retrospective Open Cohort Study
Authors: Khaliq Raja A K , Georgi M , Asif A , Thamilmaran A , Burton O , Leung K H C , Tse F , Gargan A , Gargan K , Lee K , Haque S , Abdi Z , Kamboj R 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aim
Females are under-represented in surgery despite the representation of female surgeons at academic meetings being an important facet of gender equity. We aimed to investigate the percentage of female faculty included in all sessions and to quantify the prevalence of all-male speaking panels (“manels”) at major cardiothoracic surgery meetings.

Method
We retrospectively analysed annual meetings organised by four major cardiothoracic surgery associations/societies between January 2016 and December 2021. Data were collected on invited lecturers, panelists and chairs/moderators. Male and female faculty were academically stratified according to mean publications, citations, and H-index. A “manel” was defined as a session with 2 or more speakers, all of whom are men. Sex was defined by gender titles used in the conference program or the Gender Balance Assessment Tool (GBAT).

Results
A total of 1182 sessions (panels and invited lectures) with 4841 speakers across 23 conferences were identified from January 2016 to December 2021. The mean percentage of female faculty (invited lecturers, panelists and chairs) was 12.8% (n=618). Of 893 panel sessions, 570 (63.8%) were manels. No statistically significant difference in the percentage of manels was observed between online (59.0%) versus in-person conferences (65.2%) (p=0.118). No statistically significant difference in the percentage of manels was observed over time (from 60.4% in 2016 to 61.1% in 2021) (p=0.163). Male invited lecturers had a significantly higher H-index than female invited lecturers (p&lt;0.05).

Conclusions
Manels are highly prevalent in major cardiothoracic surgery meetings whilst there is poor representation of female speakers. This may further worsen gender diversity in surgery.
146 A New National Deanery Guide for Plastic, Burns and Reconstructive Surgery Training Within the United Kingdom
Authors: Chu H 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The national selection process for plastic surgery training can be overwhelming and the ranking process can be difficult given the lack of resources currently available. We aim to create a national deanery handbook for plastic surgery training in the United Kingdom which provides validated first-hand information from trainees within the deanery. This will allow those rotating within, or those applying to, that particular deanery to have an overview of what is offered and provide a key document that is easily accessible.

Methods
An initial survey that was distributed to senior house officers included 60% that were currently applying for national training and in total 80% have been through the hospital ranking process.

Results
All of the respondents felt that an online resource would be beneficial. The Plastic Surgery Trainee Association (PLASTA) regional representative network was used to collect data which was then processed into an electronic handbook. This document provides a welcome blurb from the training programme director (TPD), specific information for each hospital and region-specific data detailing the work commitments for plastic surgery trainees.

Conclusions
We would like to promote exposure to this excellent resource, that is freely available to all international and national doctors, at the ASiT conference. We believe that this information is invaluable for trainees who are ranking jobs during the national selection process and those rotating within their deanery. We also hope that our work will be a launch pad for other specialities to create a similar resource.
473 Viral Vanity: Unmasking Plastic Surgery Trends on Instagram and TikTok
Authors: Tzatzidou A , Abdullmalek H R S 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aim
Social media exerts substantial influence on contemporary life, shaping the collective narrative. A current rising trend known as “academic social media” involves healthcare professionals leveraging social platforms for networking, patient education and recruitment. This cross-sectional analysis of Instagram and TikTok short video content aims to identify the perceptions of plastic surgery on social media.

Method
A search of the term “plastic surgery” was performed on Instagram and TikTok, and the first 100 short videos on each platform (TikTok’s and Reels) were reviewed. Posts were categorised based on their country of origin, the poster’s profession, content’s nature, sub-specialty, the accuracy of information and impact.

Results
The assessed videos garnered 355,909,365 views (302,881,140 on TikTok). Predominantly, the content was informative (66 posts), closely followed by advertisements and before-and-after visuals (59 each). Only 13 videos featured educational material. Aesthetic surgery overwhelmingly dominated, with only 5 videos addressing a different subspecialty. Plastic surgeons generated most content (42% on TikTok and 75% on Instagram), followed by patient-documented material. Cross-platform overlap was minimal. Approximately 27% of TikTok and 12.5% of Instagram videos contained inaccuracies with documented unsafe practices, such as a patient recounting an additional cosmetic procedure performed without consent.

Conclusions
The widespread popularity of short-form plastic surgery videos is evident. While many come from reliable sources, there is a notable emphasis on cosmetic procedures, presenting a skewed view of the diverse practices within plastic surgery. The significant prevalence of inaccuracies on TikTok, especially given its growing popularity compared to Instagram, raises concerns about the public dissemination of misinformation.
642 The role and use of digital simulation in plastic surgery training: A Systematic Review
Authors: Martin J , Rangaraju M , Alqalaf Z , Izadi D 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aim
Traditional surgical training is seeing a seismic shift as new technologies and training platforms become available. These changes have gathered pace since the COVID-19 pandemic, where decreased training opportunities, and increased ward-based work have cultivated a need for alternative teaching methods. This systematic review aims to evaluate use of digital simulation tools which use augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), or 3-Dimensional Digital Simulation (3D-DS) in the training of junior doctors in plastic surgery.

Method
A systematic search using keywords related to plastic surgery training and digital simulation was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, and the Cochrane library. 394 articles were retrieved, and 195 s reviewed. Three independent reviewers evaluated all articles based on an inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results
Twenty-one studies were included, utilising either AR (n=9), VR (n=5), or 3-D DS (n=7). Digital simulation was consistently preferred by participants, compared to traditional methods, yielding superior results on both cognitive and practical assessment. The assessment and replication of study results was often limited by heterogeneity, absence of a comparator or control group, sample size, and evidence supporting transferability to clinical practice.

Conclusions
Currently, contemporary technology is underutilised in plastic surgery training. Digital simulation offers a pathway to improved proficiency, remediating lost training opportunities, and acting as a valuable adjunct for trainees at any stage. Formal implementation of these technologies requires a robust evidence base. Future research can help validate these changes in surgical education through the development of a standardised assessment tool and elucidating the transferability of skills acquired virtually to reality.
889 Perceptions of Plastic Surgery Amongst Undergraduate Medical Students: A Literature Review
Authors: Luu J , Gupta S , Kalvala J , Sharma L , Miranda B 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aim
Medical school training must be broad enough to assess patients yet focused enough to appropriately refer to plastic surgery. Plastic and reconstructive surgery encompasses deformity and disability which comprises a significant proportion of surgical disease burden. Referral delays and inappropriate interventions exacerbate this: effective training is paramount. The Royal College of Surgeons’ National Undergraduate Curriculum in Surgery offers guidance on essential knowledge, but overcrowded undergraduate curricula hinder this. This review synthesised the literature on global student plastic surgery perceptions and pedagogical methods employed, with a UK focus.

Method
A PubMed search on 28/10/2022 returned 1224 articles. After screening for temporality and title and relevancy, 164 articles remained. Following full-text screening and de-duplication, 20 articles remained.

Results
A paucity of undergraduate plastic surgery teaching exists, with associated reduced training applications. Merely 10% of 16 US medical schools and a 51% reduction in UK schools contain compulsory plastic surgery teaching. 90% of 348 final year students at 15 UK medical schools were not confident in burns management. Student perceptions of plastic surgery’s scope are notably skewed. Students overemphasise its aesthetic component and underestimate peripheral neuropathies, limb surgery and trauma. Media and social media significantly drive this.

Conclusions
Plastic surgery is misperceived by medical students, due to limited exposure and (social)media-perpetuated stereotypes. Due to the critical role of plastic surgery in managing trauma, burns and cancer, it is vital that students are aware of its scope. The full scale of UK student perceptions on plastic surgery are yet to be elucidated.
673 Is There a Need for Patient Education and Empowerment Through Information Leaflets? – a Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Tata R C , Chandhak S , Tahir M A , Ponnuswamy K , Teo T , Worley L , Somani Z , Abdelreheem M , Khan A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aim
Patient information leaflets, which are supplied by NHS trusts, represent an underutilized resource within our surgical department. Despite patients expressing a keen interest in accessing these informational materials, there is currently no automatic provision. This study seeks to measure the existing usage and knowledge levels concerning these leaflets among healthcare workers, while also evaluating patients' attitudes towards receiving them.

Method
Employing the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle methodology, we executed a Quality Improvement Project through the administration of questionnaires. In the initial PDSA cycle (PDSA-1), we evaluated clinicians' awareness of the accessibility and current utilization of information leaflets. Subsequently, in the second PDSA cycle (PDSA-2), our focus shifted to comprehending the patient's perspective and attitude towards these informational materials.

Results
In PDSA-1, involving doctors in the general surgical department, 54.2% were aware of trust information leaflets, with only 8.2% routinely providing them to patients. A concerning 87.5% didn't know how to access these leaflets. PDSA-2 revealed that 80% of inpatients didn't receive leaflets, while 73.33% desired them. Of those, 83.3% (23.3% extremely important, 40% very important, 20% somewhat important) believed leaflets were crucial for informed treatment decisions.

Conclusions
The study underscores the underutilization of NHS trust-supplied patient information leaflets in our surgical department. Clinician awareness and patient accessibility gaps were evident in PDSA-1 and PDSA-2. The disconnect between patient interest and leaflet provision highlights an opportunity for improvement. We recommend implementing an automatic provision of information leaflets and enhancing clinician awareness to bridge the gap, fostering better patient engagement and informed decision-making in our department.