bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful treatment of complex traumatic and surgical wounds with a foetal bovine dermal matrix
Authors: Hayn Ernesto 
Published: March 2013

AbstractA foetal bovine dermal repair scaffold (PriMatrix, TEI Biosciences) was used to treat complex surgical or traumatic wounds where the clinical need was to avoid skin flaps and to build new tissue in the wound that could be reepithelialised from the wound margins or closed with a subsequent application of a split‐thickness skin graft (STSG). Forty‐three consecutive cases were reviewed having an average size of 79·3 cm2, 50% of which had exposed tendon and/or bone. In a subset of wounds (44·7%), the implantation of the foetal dermal collagen scaffold was also augmented with negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT). Complete wound healing was documented in over 80% of the wounds treated, whether the wound was treated with the foetal bovine dermal scaffold alone (95·2%) or when supplemented with NPWT (82·4%). The scaffold successfully incorporated into wounds with exposed tendon and/or bone to build vascularised, dermal‐like tissue. The new tissue in the wound supported STSGs however, in the majority of the cases (88·3%); wound closure was achieved through reepithelialisation of the incorporated dermal scaffold by endogenous wound keratinocytes. The foetal bovine dermal repair scaffold was found to offer an effective alternative treatment strategy for definitive closure of challenging traumatic or surgical wounds on patients who were not suitable candidates for tissue flaps.
Upgrading of Gleason score and prostate volume: a clinicopathological analysis
Authors: Kim Kwang Hyun , Lim Sey Kiat , Shin Tae‐Young , Lee Joo Yong , Chung Byung Ha , Rha Koon Ho , Hong Sung Joon 
Published: March 2013

Objective
To more clearly elucidate the association between prostate volume and Gleason score (GS) upgrading.
Patient and Methods
We reviewed 451 patients with prostate cancer with a GS of 6 on biopsy, who underwent radical prostatectomy without neoadjuvant treatment.
As a preoperative variable, we assessed the independent effect of prostate volume on GS upgrading.
To evaluate the association between prostate volume and GS upgrading, we developed multivariate models with volumetric pathological variables, including postoperative tumour volume and percent tumour volume (tumour volume as a percentage of prostate volume).
Results
GS upgrading was observed in 194 patients (43.0%).
As a preoperative variable, smaller prostate volume was an independent predictor of GS upgrading.
In regression analysis, prostate volume and postoperative tumour volume were inversely correlated.
On multivariate analysis including volumetric pathological variables, tumour volume was a strong independent factor influencing GS upgrading, and prostate volume lost statistical significance after adjusting for tumour volume.
Percent tumour volume was inversely correlated with GS upgrading after adjusting for tumour volume.
Conclusions
Smaller prostate volume was an independent predictor of GS upgrading as a preoperative variable.
The inverse relationship between prostate volume and GS upgrading seems to be attributable to cancer biology, which was represented by tumour volume in our study. Percent tumour volume was also inversely associated with GS upgrading.
These results suggest that biological factors and sampling error both play important roles in GS upgrading.
Forecasting the decline of excess soil phosphorus in agricultural catchments
Authors: Wall D. P. , Jordan P. , Melland A. R. , Mellander P.‐E. , Mechan S. , Shortle G. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractMeasures within the European Union Nitrates Directive National Action Programmes in many member states aim to reduce soil phosphorus (P) levels from excessive to agronomically optimum. This is to reduce the risk of diffuse P losses to water and ultimately help achieve the Water Framework Directive targets of good water quality status. In this study, a ‘Soil P Decline’ model was used to evaluate this expectation for soils in four intensive agricultural catchments. Realistic annual P‐balance scenario deficits (−30, −15, −7 kg P/ha) were used to estimate the average time required for soils to decline to optimum levels in two predominantly arable and two grassland catchments with excessive soil test P (STP). Depending on the STP concentration and total P reserves, for the smallest field P deficit scenario (−7 kg P/ha), the model predictions were for an average of between 5 and 20 yr for agronomically optimum levels to be reached. Under the largest P deficit scenario (−30 kg P/ha), it was forecast to take between 2 and 10 yr. These predictions highlight the likely time lag that exists between implementation of soil P mitigation regulations and the desired outcome of few or no fields with excessive soil P. Expectations for water quality improvement through diffuse P source mitigation must also factor in additional time for P decline model uncertainty, land management variability and time for P sources to transfer to and within river networks.
Rapid redistribution of P to deeper soil layers in P saturated acid sandy soils
Authors: De Bolle S. , De Neve S. , Hofman G. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractProblems of excessive soil phosphorus (P) levels as a result of intensive agriculture are found in many regions in Western Europe, USA, Canada and New Zealand. This may lead to phosphorus leaching in soils with low P binding capacity. However, little is known about the changes in P saturation degree (PSD) of such soils with time. Between 1995 and 2005, an intensive inventory of the PSD status of acid sandy soils in Flanders was conducted, the results of which were used to enforce strict rules on P fertilizer inputs on P saturated soils. A new smaller survey on a selection of these fields was undertaken in 2009 and 2010. Comparison of the survey results shows that the mean PSD increased significantly from 46 to 59% over this period. We found evidence for a strong shift of the PSD from the upper to lower layers. The PSD level in the top layer (0–30 cm) generally increased significantly (P < 0.01) from 83 to 91%. The average increase in the PSD level of the 30–60 and 60–90 cm layers was even greater, from 33 to 55% and from 14 to 25%, respectively (P < 0.01). Current limits on P fertilizer application have not yet resulted in P mining in these soils and will thus need to be further restricted. The very clear increase in PSD movement in deeper layers from both increased Pox, and reduced Feox concentrations show that these high PSD soils pose a very serious and direct threat to groundwater quality.
Low‐income, Pregnant, African American Women's Views on Physical Activity and Diet
Authors: Groth Susan W. , Morrison‐Beedy Dianne 
Published: March 2013

IntroductionThis research was conducted to gain insight into how low‐income, pregnant, African American women viewed physical activity and approached nutrition during pregnancy.MethodsThree focus groups with a total of 26 women were conducted utilizing open‐ended questions related to physical activity and diet during pregnancy. Content analysis was used to analyze the verbatim transcripts. Groups were compared and contrasted at the within‐group and between‐group levels to identify themes.ResultsTwo themes that related to physical activity during pregnancy were identified: 1) fatigue and low energy dictate activity and 2) motivation to exercise is not there. Three themes were identified that related to diet: 1) despite best intentions, appetite, taste, and cravings drive eating behavior; 2) I'll decide for myself what to eat; and 3) eating out is a way of life.DiscussionWomen reported that being physically active and improving their diets was not easy. Women indicated that their levels of physical activity had decreased since becoming pregnant. Attempts at improving their diets were undermined by frequenting fast food restaurants and cravings for highly dense, palatable foods. Women ceded to the physical aspects of pregnancy, often choosing to ignore the advice of others. A combination of low levels of physical activity and calorie‐dense diets increased the risk of excessive gestational weight gain in this sample of women, consequently increasing the risk for weight retention after pregnancy. Health care providers can promote healthy eating and physical activity by building on women's being “in tune with and listening to” their bodies. They can query women about their beliefs regarding physical activity and diet and offer information to ensure understanding of what contributes to healthy pregnancy outcomes. Intervention can focus on factors such as cravings and what tastes good, suggesting ways to manage pregnancy effects within a healthy diet.
Body Image and Gestational Weight Gain: A Prospective Study
Authors: Hill Briony , Skouteris Helen , McCabe Marita , Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz Matthew 
Published: March 2013

IntroductionApproximately 50% of Australian adult women of childbearing age are overweight or obese, and, when pregnant, the majority gain excessive weight; this is also the case in the United States and other developed nations. High gestational weight gain (GWG) is the strongest predictor of maternal overweight/obesity postbirth and is also associated with an increased risk of childhood obesity. Understanding factors that contribute to excessive GWG is vital in combating obesity. The aim of the current study was to examine whether body image attitudes (eg, feeling fat, attractive, or strong and fit, and salience of weight and shape) predict GWG.MethodsPregnant women, recruited through advertisements on pregnancy online forums and parenting magazines, completed questionnaires assessing body image, demographic variables, and GWG. The Body Attitudes Questionnaire assessed body image in early‐to‐middle, middle, and late pregnancy (mean of 16.8, 24.7, and 33.0 weeks’ gestation, respectively). Total GWG was calculated by subtracting self‐reported pre pregnancy weight from self‐reported weight at 36.8 weeks’ gestation.ResultsA total of 150 pregnant women responded to the study's advertisements, and 72% (n = 108) took part. After controlling for pre pregnancy body mass index (BMI), lower attractiveness in early‐to‐middle pregnancy was associated with higher GWG. In late pregnancy, women who had the lowest feelings of fatness had greater GWG. Body image attitudes earlier in pregnancy did not predict whether GWG recommendations were exceeded. Women of higher BMI were more likely to gain excessive weight.DiscussionThe findings suggest that the type and timing of pregnancy, body attitudes, and the time of pregnancy when they are noted, predict GWG. However, more research in the area is needed, including assessment of the relationship between body image concerns, GWG, and other psychosocial factors. We recommend that midwives monitor body image concerns in pregnancy to help address factors affecting GWG in at‐risk women.
Using track changes and word processor to provide corrective feedback to learners in writing
Authors: AbuSeileek A.F. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of computer‐mediated corrective feedback types in an English as a foreign language (EFL) intact class over time. The participants were 64 English majors who were assigned randomly into three treatment conditions that gave and received computer‐mediated corrective feedback while writing (track changes, word processor, and track changes and word processor) and one control group that neither gave nor received writing corrective feedback. Students sat to a pre‐test (week 1), immediate post‐test (week 8) and delayed post‐test (week 12) in writing. Results showed decrease in mean error and mean feedback in students' writing performance related to correcting 11 major error types on immediate and delayed post‐tests, indicating that there was a significant effect for feedback type in favour of the group that used a combination of track changes and word processor. There was also a significant effect for the computer‐mediated corrective feedback over the control group. Moreover, results showed that both mean error and mean feedback decreased significantly from pre‐test to post‐test (week 1–week 8), indicating that overall, there was a significant change over time.
Virtual environments and autism: a developmental psychopathological approach
Authors: Rajendran G. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIndividuals with autism spectrum disorders supposedly have an affinity with information and communication technology (ICT), making it an ideally suited media for this population. Virtual environments (VEs) – both two‐dimensional and immersive – represent a particular kind of ICT that might be of special benefit. Specifically, this paper discusses the importance of psychological theory for VE designed for this population. I describe the contribution that different theories of autism (e.g., theory of mind, executive function, weak central coherence theory) have made and can make, as well as the potential of other non‐autism‐specific theories (e.g., embodied cognition). These technologies not only illuminate our understanding of autism, but they can also be used to develop new technologies for people without autism. So, as well as being an area of specialism, I argue that VE research in autism has extended – and will go onto – the boundaries of human–computer interaction more generally. This is because autism provides a unique window into human social communication and learning. Further, this field offers a chance for better inclusivity for individuals with autism within a digital society.
Is it a tool suitable for learning? A critical review of the literature on Facebook as a technology‐enhanced learning environment
Authors: Manca S. , Ranieri M. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractDespite its continuing popularity as the social network site par excellence, the educational value of Facebook has not been fully determined, and results from the mainstream educational paradigms are contradictory, with some scholars emphasizing its pedagogical affordances (e.g., widening context of learning, mixing information and learning resources, hybridization of expertise) and others cautioning against its use for educational purposes. Moreover, systematic reviews about documented educational usage of Facebook as a learning environment are lacking. This article attempts to provide a critical overview of current studies focusing on the use of Facebook as a technology‐enhanced learning environment, with the aim of exploring the extent to which its pedagogical potential is actually translated into practice. Only empirical studies published in peer‐reviewed academic journals with a specific focus on Facebook as a learning environment have been considered for the review. The authors conducted a comprehensive literature search that identified 23 relevant articles that were subsequently analysed according to a simplified list of guidelines. These articles were further analysed and recoded through a set of emerging categories. The results show that pedagogical affordances of Facebook have only been partially implemented and that there are still many obstacles that may prevent a full adoption of Facebook as a learning environment such as implicit institutional, teacher and student pedagogies, and cultural issues. Finally, a broad observation on the implications of the study is developed with some suggestions for future research.
Psychosocial Health of Infertile Ghanaian Women and Their Infertility Beliefs
Authors: Naab Florence , Brown Roger , Heidrich Susan 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to describe infertile women's psychosocial health problems and their infertility‐related beliefs and examine the relationships between their beliefs about infertility and psychosocial health problems.DesignThe study was a descriptive correlational cross‐sectional survey. Women (N = 203) who were receiving treatment for fertility problems in two public hospitals in Ghana were recruited.MethodsParticipants completed a Fertility Belief Questionnaire; measures of infertility‐related stress, anxiety, social isolation, perceived stigma, and depressive symptoms; and sociodemographic and infertility‐related health questions. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlations, and hierarchical regression analyses were performed.FindingsThe women reported high levels of infertility‐related stress, low levels of anxiety, some social isolation, low levels of perceived stigma, and high levels of depressive symptoms. Beliefs that infertility has negative consequences and that one has a poor understanding of infertility were significantly related to infertility‐related stress, social isolation, and depressive symptoms. Belief that infertility could be managed by personal control was significantly related to lower levels of anxiety and perceived stigma. Beliefs about consequences, illness coherence, and personal control explained significant proportions of the variances in anxiety, stress, social isolation, perceived stigma, and depressive symptoms.ConclusionsInfertile women in Ghana have psychosocial health problems that are associated with their beliefs about infertility.Clinical RelevanceFindings have implications for nursing care of infertile women in Ghana.
Telemonitoring for chronic heart failure: the views of patients and healthcare professionals – a qualitative study
Authors: Fairbrother Peter , Ure Jenny , Hanley Janet , McCloughan Lucy , Denvir Martin , Sheikh Aziz , McKinstry Brian ,   The Telescot programme team
Published: March 2013

Aims and objectivesTo understand the views of patients and professionals on the acceptability and perceived usefulness of telemonitoring in the management of chronic heart failure in the context of day‐to‐day care provision.BackgroundThere is an increasing interest in the potential for telemonitoring to support the home‐based management of patients with chronic heart failure. However, little is known about the views of patients and professionals on the use of telemonitoring in this context. A chronic heart failure telemonitoring service was set‐up by NHS Lothian, Scotland, to evaluate the intervention.DesignA qualitative design was adopted to explore the views of patients and professionals participating in the service.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were undertaken with 18 patients (61% male, mean age 75 years) and five professionals participating at different time points in this new service. Interviews were audio recorded, coded and thematically analysed using the Framework approach.ResultsFive main themes were identified: ‘information, support and reassurance’; ‘compliance and dependence’; ‘changes and challenges’; ‘determining the criteria for patient applicability to telemonitoring’; and ‘continuity of care’.ConclusionPatients and professionals considered telemonitoring useful in the management of chronic heart failure, although with some caveats. Telemonitoring was popular with patients because they felt reassurance arising from what was perceived as continuous practitioner surveillance. Professionals expressed concern regarding perceived patient dependence on practitioner support. Increased workload was also a concern. Both groups acknowledged the need for improved technology and changes to service provision in order to better meet the intended objectives of the service.Relevance to clinical practiceAlthough popular with patients, professionals emphasised the importance of case selection and adequate training and support, both for patients and themselves, in order to maximise the expected benefits of the service, particularly with regard to enabling self‐management.
Integrating illness concerns into cognitive behavioral therapy for children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease and co‐occurring anxiety
Authors: Reigada Laura C. , Benkov Keith J. , Bruzzese Jean‐Marie , Hoogendoorn Claire , Szigethy Eva , Briggie Alexis , Walder Deborah J. , Warner Carrie Masia 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPurposeTo examine the feasibility and preliminary benefits of an integrative cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease and anxiety.Design and MethodsNine adolescents participated in a CBT program at their gastroenterologist's office. Structured diagnostic interviews, self‐report measures of anxiety and pain, and physician‐rated disease severity were collected pretreatment and post‐treatment.ResultsPostintervention, 88% of adolescents were treatment responders, and 50% no longer met criteria for their principal anxiety disorder. Decreases were demonstrated in anxiety, pain, and disease severity.Practice ImplicationsAnxiety screening and a mental health referral to professionals familiar with medical management issues is important.
Form and Global Consciousness in the Victorian Period
Authors: Çelikkol Ayşe 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe increased visibility of globalization in the late twentieth and early twenty‐first centuries has led scholars in various disciplines from sociology to economics to discuss its impact, scope, and history. Literary criticism is no exception. This essay focuses on Victorian studies, in which the effort to historicize globalization has produced new readings of familiar texts. Recently, scholars of Victorian literature have been unearthing unlikely circuits of cross‐cultural interaction, tracing cosmopolitan sentiment, and shedding light on the ideology of the capitalist world system. This essay explores how formal analysis sheds light on the history of globalization.
Phylogeography and adaptation genetics of stickleback from theHaidaGwaii archipelago revealed using genome‐wide single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping
Authors: Deagle Bruce E. , Jones Felicity C. , Absher Devin M. , Kingsley David M. , Reimchen Thomas E. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThreespine stickleback populations are model systems for studying adaptive evolution and the underlying genetics. In lakes on theHaidaGwaii archipelago (off westernCanada), stickleback have undergone a remarkable local radiation and show phenotypic diversity matching that seen throughout the species distribution. To provide a historical context for this radiation, we surveyed genetic variation at >1000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci in stickleback from over 100 populations.SNPs included markers evenly distributed throughout genome and candidateSNPs tagging adaptive genomic regions. Based on evenly distributedSNPs, the phylogeographic pattern differs substantially from the disjunct pattern previously observed between two highly divergent mtDNAlineages. TheSNPtree instead shows extensive within watershed population clustering and different watersheds separated by short branches deep in the tree. These data are consistent with separate colonizations of most watersheds, despite underlying genetic connections between some independent drainages. This supports previous suppositions that morphological diversity observed between watersheds has been shaped independently, with populations exhibiting complete loss of lateral plates and giant size each occurring in several distinct clades. Throughout the archipelago, we see repeated selection ofSNPs tagging candidate freshwater adaptive variants at several genomic regions differentiated between marine–freshwater populations on a global scale (e.g.EDA,Na/KATPase). In estuarine sites, both marine and freshwater allelic variants were commonly detected. We also found typically marine alleles present in a few freshwater lakes, especially those with completely plated morphology. These results provide a general model for postglacial colonization of freshwater habitat by sticklebacks and illustrate the tremendous potential of genome‐wideSNPdata sets hold for resolving patterns and processes underlying recent adaptive divergences.