bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Children's school reading and curriculum innovation at the edge of Empire
Authors: Anton Cormack Phillip 
Published: September 2013

Purpose– Using the example of a “school paper” titledThe Children's Hour, developed in South Australia in the late nineteenth century, the purpose of this paper is to show the way that the colonial margins could act as sites of innovation in curriculum and pedagogy and not just as importers of ideas from the imperial centre.Design/methodology/approach– The analysis on which the examination ofThe Children's Houris based is a combination of Foucaultian discourse analysis and a genealogical approach to curriculum history which tracks different formations of techniques and programmes for shaping the human subject.Findings–The Children's Hour(1889-1963), featured the innovative use of literature and other genres, and provided new ways to shape the identities of school students and teachers. School papers were strongly implicated in the discursive construction of both a global/imperial and local/Australian identities and represent an informative case of the ways in which teaching and learning practices have been highly mobile in the field of reading.Originality/value– This research shows that the humble school reading text is an overlooked site for examining processes of the constitution of national identity and the citizen subject. It is also a reminder of the significance of communications technologies in the formation of, and struggles over, national/imperial imaginaries and that the school is an important site for studying these processes.
Business improvement using organisational goals, Riva technique and e-business development stages
Authors: Abd El Aziz Rasha , Fady Rasha 
Published: September 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine how to achieve business improvement using clear organisational goals and well-communicated vision, together with a powerful process modelling technique and an analysis of the adopted e-business development stages.

Design/methodology/approach
– Employing both business process modelling and improvement complement and reinforce one another. Among different business process modelling techniques, Ould's Riva method was selected to analyse the business processes and to improve the CRM business process in Incom Egypt. In order to get a deeper insight, seven-key decision makers at the case study organisation have been interviewed. E-business development stages have also been elaborated and analysed in the case study. This case study approach enables the researchers to get a complete picture of the problem.

Findings
– It was found that Incom Egypt aimed to automate their business processes to solve these problems but they failed. Main reasons behind its failure are their unstructured business processes and employees resistance to improvements. Setting clear goals that follow the organisation's mission and vision can direct managers towards better decision making. Therefore, identification of business processes should be among the first steps to understand business structure, where inefficiencies in current activities could be detected, adjusted and improved. Improvements could then follow e-business development stages using Earl's technique.

Originality/value
– The primary value of this paper is that business process improvement does not depend on one technique, but rather lies in the combination of process modelling, and e-business development together, which in turn helps decision makers successfully set up effective organisational plans via clarifying business processes. The improved system will provide a roadmap for organisations to make the proper transition to e-business.
Football club financial reporting: time for a new model?
Authors: Morrow Stephen 
Published: September 2013

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to critically evaluate football club financial reporting with reference to: the long-standing debate on the nature and purpose of accounting; and the implementation of UEFA's Financial Fair Play (FFP) regulations.Design/methodology/approach– The paper is based on a review and analysis of academic literature, accounting regulation and football regulations.Findings– The focus of financial reporting on rational economic decision-makers results in football club financial reports being of limited use to many football club stakeholders. Consideration of the social and organisational context of football, as takes place in FFP, can be used as a catalyst to consider broader approaches to football club reporting. The paper calls for fuller and different pictures to be provided of clubs’ performance, in particular broadening the scope of accountability to users beyond that provided by an economic account.Research limitations/implications– The paper is designed to stimulate debate about accounting for and reporting on football club businesses. A necessary next step is an exploratory project, focusing on one or a small number of clubs and their stakeholders, exploring in a practical setting what enhanced football club reporting might look like.Originality/value– While the weaknesses of financial reporting have been considered extensively in the mainstream accounting literature and on occasion in terms of sport, the paper seeks to progress this discussion by linking it to significant football policy initiatives and to wider social and community-based football research.
Toward an Instructionally Oriented Theory of Example‐Based Learning
Authors: Renkl Alexander 
Published: September 2013

AbstractLearning from examples is a very effective means of initial cognitive skill acquisition. There is an enormous body of research on the specifics of this learning method. This article presents an instructionally oriented theory of example‐based learning that integrates theoretical assumptions and findings from three research areas: learning from worked examples, observational learning, and analogical reasoning. This theory has descriptive and prescriptive elements. The descriptive subtheory deals with (a) the relevance and effectiveness of examples, (b) phases of skill acquisition, and (c) learning processes. The prescriptive subtheory proposes instructional principles that make full exploitation of the potential of example‐based learning possible.
Selection on quantitative colour variation inCentaurea cyanus: the role of the pollinator's visual system
Authors: Renoult J. P. , Thomann M. , Schaefer H. M. , Cheptou P.‐O. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractEven though the importance of selection for trait evolution is well established, we still lack a functional understanding of the mechanisms underlying phenotypic selection. Because animals necessarily use their sensory system to perceive phenotypic traits, the model of sensory bias assumes that sensory systems are the main determinant of signal evolution. Yet, it has remained poorly known how sensory systems contribute to shaping the fitness surface of selected individuals. In a greenhouse experiment, we quantified the strength and direction of selection on floral coloration in a population of cornflowers exposed to bumblebees as unique pollinators during 4 days. We detected significant selection on the chromatic and achromatic (brightness) components of floral coloration. We then studied whether these patterns of selection are explicable by accounting for the visual system of the pollinators. Using data on bumblebee colour vision, we first showed that bumblebees should discriminate among quantitative colour variants. The observed selection was then compared to the selection predicted by psychophysical models of bumblebee colour vision. The achromatic but not the chromatic channel of the bumblebee's visual system could explain the observed pattern of selection. These results highlight that (i) pollinators can select quantitative variation in floral coloration and could thus account for a gradual evolution of flower coloration, and (ii) stimulation of the visual system represents, at least partly, a functional mechanism potentially explaining pollinators' selection on floral colour variants.
Sex‐specific recombination rates and allele frequencies affect the invasion of sexually antagonistic variation on autosomes
Authors: Wyman M. J. , Wyman M. C. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe introduction and persistence of novel, sexually antagonistic alleles can depend upon factors that differ between males and females. Understanding the conditions for invasion in a two‐locus model can elucidate these processes. For instance, selection can act differently upon the sexes, or sex linkage can facilitate the invasion of genetic variation with opposing fitness effects between the sexes. Two factors that deserve further attention are recombination rates and allele frequencies – both of which can vary substantially between the sexes. We find that sex‐specific recombination rates in a two‐locus diploid model can affect the invasion outcome of sexually antagonistic alleles and that the sex‐averaged recombination rate is not necessarily sufficient to predict invasion. We confirm that the range of permissible recombination rates is smaller in the sex benefitting from invasion and larger in the sex harmed by invasion. However, within the invasion space, male recombination rate can be greater than, equal to or less than female recombination rate in order for a male‐benefit, female‐detriment allele to invade (and similarly for a female‐benefit, male‐detriment allele). We further show that a novel, sexually antagonistic allele that is also associated with a lowered recombination rate can invade more easily when present in the double heterozygote genotype. Finally, we find that sexual dimorphism in resident allele frequencies can impact the invasion of new sexually antagonistic alleles at a second locus. Our results suggest that accounting for sex‐specific recombination rates and allele frequencies can determine the difference between invasion and non‐invasion of novel, sexually antagonistic alleles in a two‐locus model.
First Whole-Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium iranicum, a Newly Reported Mycobacterial Species
Authors: Tan Joon Liang , Ng Hien Fuh , Wee Wei Yee , Ang Mia Yang , Wong Guat Jah , Ngeow Yun Fong , Choo Siew Woh 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium iranicum
is a new species of nontuberculous mycobacterium reported in 2013. Here, we describe the first whole-genome sequence of this species, that of
M. iranicum
strain UM_TJL, isolated from a patient in Malaysia.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Cryptococcus flavescens
Strain OH182.9_3C, a Biocontrol Agent against Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat
Authors: Rong Xiaoqing , McSpadden Gardener Brian B. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

Cryptococcus flavescens
strain OH182.9_3C (3C) is a novel biopesticidal agent that can be used to control fusarium head blight of wheat. Here we present the draft genome sequence for 3C, the first for the species
C. flavescens
. Additionally, several genes that may contribute to the biocontrol activities of 3C were identified
in silico.
Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus subtilis Strain S1-4, Which Degrades Feathers Efficiently
Authors: Yong Bin , Yang Bin-Qing , Zhao Chuan-Wu , Feng Hong 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

Bacillus subtilis
strain S1-4, with the capacity to efficiently degrade feathers, was isolated from chicken feathers. Sequencing showed that the genome of strain S1-4 differs from that of other
B. subtilis
strains, with limited insertions and deletions. The genome encodes multiple extracellular proteases and keratinases.
Late Permian aeolian sand seas from the Polish Upper Rotliegend Basin in the context of palaeoclimatic periodicity
Authors: Kiersnowski Hubert 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
A study of a Permian aeolian depositional system in the Polish Upper Rotliegend Basin (PURB) is described and is placed in the wider context of similar studies of the German, Dutch and UK parts of the Southern Permian Basin (SPB). Aeolian complexes in the PURB consist of several stacked erg units inter-bedded with fluvial and playa deposits. These deposits are grouped into seven main units: six predominantly aeolian and one fluvial. The separate aeolian units were considered as representative of the changing pattern of palaeowinds directions. The correlations of wind mean directions assisted in the development of a new depositional model for part of the Eastern Erg aeolian complex within the PURB.
CD95L Cell Surface Cleavage Triggers a Prometastatic Signaling Pathway in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Malleter Marine , Tauzin Sébastien , Bessede Alban , Castellano Rémy , Goubard Armelle , Godey Florence , Levêque Jean , Jézéquel Pascal , Campion Loic , Campone Mario , Ducret Thomas , MacGrogan Gaëtan , Debure Laure , Collette Yves , Vacher Pierre , Legembre Patrick 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) lacking estrogen and progesterone receptors and HER2 amplification have a relatively high risk of metastatic dissemination, but the mechanistic basis for this risk is not understood. Here, we report that serum levels of CD95 ligand (CD95L) are higher in patients with TNBC than in other patients with breast cancer. Metalloprotease-mediated cleavage of CD95L expressed by endothelial cells surrounding tumors generates a gradient that promotes cell motility due to the formation of an unconventional CD95-containing receptosome called the motility-inducing signaling complex. The formation of this complex was instrumental for Nox3-driven reactive oxygen species generation. Mechanistic investigations revealed a Yes–Orai1–EGFR–PI3K pathway that triggered migration of TNBC cells exposed to CD95L. Our findings establish a prometastatic function for metalloprotease-cleaved CD95L in TNBCs, revisiting its role in carcinogenesis. Cancer Res; 73(22); 6711–21. ©2013 AACR.
Approaches for Assessing and Discovering Protein Interactions in Cancer
Authors: Mohammed Hisham , Carroll Jason S. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Significant insight into the function of proteins can be delineated by discovering and characterizing interacting proteins. There are numerous methods for the discovery of unknown associated protein networks, with purification of the bait (the protein of interest) followed by mass spectrometry as a common theme. In recent years, advances have permitted the purification of endogenous proteins and methods for scaling down starting material. As such, approaches for rapid, unbiased identification of protein interactomes are becoming a standard tool in the researchers toolbox, rather than a technique that is only available to specialists. This review will highlight some of the recent technical advances in proteomic-based discovery approaches, the pros and cons of various methods and some of the key findings in cancer-related systems. Mol Cancer Res; 11(11); 1295–302. ©2013 AACR.
Transforming Growth Factor-β–Activated Kinase 1 Regulates Angiogenesis via AMP-Activated Protein Kinase-α1 and Redox Balance in Endothelial Cells
Authors: Zippel Nina , Malik Randa Abdel , Frömel Timo , Popp Rüdiger , Bess Elke , Strilic Boris , Wettschureck Nina , Fleming Ingrid , Fisslthaler Beate 
Published: September 2013

Objective—

Transforming growth factor-β–activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is a mitogen-activated protein 3-kinase and an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) kinase in some cell types. Although TAK1
−/−
mice display defects in developmental vasculogenesis, the role of TAK1 in endothelial cells has not been investigated in detail.

Approach and Results—

TAK1 downregulation (small interfering RNA) in human endothelial cells attenuated proliferation without inducing apoptosis and diminished endothelial cell migration, as well as tube formation. Cytokine- and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)–induced endothelial cell sprouting in a modified spheroid assay were abrogated by TAK1 downregulation. Moreover, VEGF–induced endothelial sprouting was impaired in aortic rings from mice lacking TAK1 in endothelial cells (TAK
ΔEC
). TAK1 inhibition and downregulation also inhibited VEGF–stimulated phosphorylation of several kinases, including AMPK. Proteomic analyses revealed that superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) expression was reduced in TAK1-deficient endothelial cells, resulting in attenuated hydrogen peroxide production but increased mitochondrial superoxide production. Endothelial cell SOD2 expression was also attenuated by AMPK inhibition and in endothelial cells from AMPKα1
−/−
mice but was unaffected by inhibitors of c-Jun N-terminal kinase, p38, extracellular signal–regulated kinase 1/2, or phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt. Moreover, the impaired endothelial sprouting from TAK
ΔEC
aortic rings was abrogated in the presence of polyethylene glycol-SOD, and tube formation was normalized by the overexpression of SOD2. A similar rescue of angiogenesis was observed in polyethylene glycol-SOD–treated aortic rings from mice with endothelial cell–specific deletion of the AMPKα1.

Conclusions—
These results establish TAK1 as an AMPKα1 kinase that regulates vascular endothelial growth factor–induced and cytokine-induced angiogenesis by modulating SOD2 expression and the superoxide anion:hydrogen peroxide balance.
Portfolio of Clinical Research in Adult Cardiovascular Disease as Reflected in ClinicalTrials.gov
Authors: Alexander Karen P. , Kong David F. , Starr Aijing Z. , Kramer Judith , Chiswell Karen , Tasneem Asba , Califf Robert M. 
Published: September 2013

Background
Cardiovascular medicine is widely regarded as a vanguard for evidence‐based drug and technology development. Our goal was to describe the cardiovascular clinical research portfolio from ClinicalTrials.gov.

Methods and Results
We identified 40 970 clinical research studies registered between 2007 and 2010 in which patients received diagnostic, therapeutic, or other interventions per protocol. By annotating 18 491 descriptors from the National Library of Medicine's Medical Subject Heading thesaurus and 1220 free‐text terms to select those relevant to cardiovascular disease, we identified studies that related to the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of diseases of the heart and peripheral arteries in adults (n=2325 [66%] included from review of 3503 potential studies). The study intervention involved a drug in 44.6%, a device or procedure in 39.3%, behavioral intervention in 8.1%, and biological or genetic interventions in 3.0% of the trials. More than half of the trials were postmarket approval (phase 4, 25.6%) or not part of drug development (no phase, 34.5%). Nearly half of all studies (46.3%) anticipated enrolling 100 patients or fewer. The majority of studies assessed biomarkers or surrogate outcomes, with just 31.8% reporting a clinical event as a primary outcome.

Conclusions
Cardiovascular studies registered on ClinicalTrials.gov span a range of study designs. Data have limited verification or standardization and require manual processes to describe and categorize studies. The preponderance of small and late‐phase studies raises questions regarding the strength of evidence likely to be generated by the current portfolio and the potential efficiency to be gained by more research consolidation.
THRIVE Score Predicts Ischemic Stroke Outcomes and Thrombolytic Hemorrhage Risk in VISTA
Authors: Flint Alexander C. , Faigeles Bonnie S. , Cullen Sean P. , Kamel Hooman , Rao Vivek A. , Gupta Rishi , Smith Wade S. , Bath Philip M. , Donnan Geoffrey A. ,   VISTA Steering Committee (VISTA-Acute) members, Lees K.R. , Alexandrov A. , Bath P.M. , Bluhmki E. , Bornstein N. , Claesson L. , Davis S.M. , Donnan G. , Diener H.C. , Fisher M. , Gregson B. , Grotta J. , Hacke W. , Hennerici M.G. , Hommel M. , Kaste M. , Lyden P. , Marler J. , Muir K. , Sacco R. , Shuaib A. , Teal P. , Wahlgren N.G. , Warach S. , Weimar C. 
Published: September 2013

Background and Purpose—
In previous studies, the Totaled Health Risks in Vascular Events (THRIVE) score has shown broad utility, allowing prediction of clinical outcome, death, and risk of hemorrhage after tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) treatment, irrespective of the type of acute stroke therapy applied to the patient.

Methods—
We used data from the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive to further validate the THRIVE score in a large cohort of patients receiving tPA or no acute treatment, to confirm the relationship between THRIVE and hemorrhage after tPA, and to compare the THRIVE score with several other available outcome prediction scores.

Results—

The THRIVE score strongly predicts clinical outcome (odds ratio, 0.55 for good outcome [95% CI, 0.53–0.57];
P
<0.001), mortality (odds ratio, 1.57 [95% confidence interval, 1.50–1.64];
P
<0.001), and risk of intracerebral hemorrhage after tPA (odds ratio, 1.34 [95% confidence interval, 1.22–1.46];
P
<0.001). The relationship between THRIVE score and outcome is not influenced by the independent relationship of tPA administration and outcome. In receiver operator characteristic curve analysis, the THRIVE score was superior to several other available outcome prediction scores in the prediction of clinical outcome and mortality.

Conclusions—

The THRIVE score is a simple-to-use tool to predict clinical outcome, mortality, and risk of hemorrhage after thrombolysis in patients with ischemic stroke. Despite its simplicity, the THRIVE score performs better than several other outcome prediction tools. A free Web calculator for the THRIVE score is available at
http://www.thrivescore.org
.
Barrier Layers in the Tropical South Atlantic: Mean Dynamics and Submesoscale Effects*
Authors: Veneziani Milena , Griffa Annalisa , Garraffo Zulema , Mensa Jean A. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Barrier layers are generated when the surface mixed layer is shallower than the layer where temperature is well mixed, in geographical regions where salinity plays a key role in setting up upper-ocean density stratification. In the tropical oceans, thick barrier layers are also found in a latitude range where spiraling trajectories from surface in situ drifters suggest the presence of predominantly cyclonic submesoscale-like vortices. The authors explore these dynamical processes and their interplay in the present paper, focusing on the tropical South Atlantic Ocean and using a high-resolution modeling approach. The objective is threefold: to investigate the mean dynamics contributing to barrier-layer formation in this region, to study the distribution and seasonality of submesoscale features, and to verify whether and how the submesoscale impacts barrier-layer thickness. The model used is the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) in its Adaptive Grid Refinement in Fortran (AGRIF) online-nested configuration with a horizontal resolution ranging between 9 and 1 km. The simulated circulation is first described in terms of mean and submesoscale dynamics, and the associated seasonal cycle. Mechanisms for barrier-layer formation are then investigated. The results confirm previous hypotheses by Mignot et al. on the relevance of enhanced winter mixing deepening the isothermal layer, whereas the salinity stratification is sustained by advection of surface fresh waters and subsurface salinity maxima. Finally, submesoscale effects on barrier-layer thickness are studied, quantifying their contribution to vertical fluxes of temperature and salinity. Submesoscale vortices associated with salinity fronts are found to have a significant effect, producing thicker barrier layers (by ~20%–35%) and a shallower mixed layer because of their restratifying effect on salinity.