bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wound‐associated macrophages control collagen 1α2 transcription during the early stages of skin wound healing
Authors: Rodero Mathieu P. , Legrand Julien M. D. , Bou‐Gharios George , Khosrotehrani Kiarash 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWound‐associated fibrosis is important to provide tensile strength upon wound healing but at the same time is detrimental to proper tissue regeneration. To date, there is no clear evidence of the role of macrophages and their subpopulations in the control of the kinetics of collagen production during wound healing. To evaluate in vivo the contribution of macrophages in collagen transcription, we depleted macrophages after wounding luciferase reporter mice of the collagen 1 alpha 2 (Col 1α2) promoter activity. Our data reveal that Col 1α2 starts to be transcribed at D2 after wounding, reaching a plateau after 7 days. Sustained macrophage depletion significantly reduced collagen 1α2 transcription from D4, indicating that the control of fibrosis by macrophages occurs during the early stages of the wound healing process. In conclusion, our results demonstrate an important role of wound macrophages in the control of collagen production during wound healing.
Papillary fibroblasts differentiate into reticular fibroblasts after prolonged in vitro culture
Authors: Janson David , Saintigny Gaëlle , Mahé Christian , Ghalbzouri Abdoelwaheb El 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe dermis can be divided into two morphologically different layers: the papillary and reticular dermis. Fibroblasts isolated from these layers behave differently when cultured in vitro. During skin ageing, the papillary dermis decreases in volume. Based on the functional differences in vitro, it is hypothesized that the loss of papillary fibroblasts contributes to skin ageing. In this study, we aimed to mimic certain aspects of skin ageing by using high‐passage cultures of reticular and papillary fibroblasts and investigated the effect of these cells on skin morphogenesis in reconstructed human skin equivalents. Skin equivalents generated with reticular fibroblasts showed a reduced terminal differentiation and fewer proliferating basal keratinocytes. Aged in vitro papillary fibroblasts had increased expression of biomarkers specific to reticular fibroblasts. The phenotype and morphology of skin equivalents generated with high‐passage papillary fibroblasts resembled that of reticular fibroblasts. This demonstrates that papillary fibroblasts can differentiate into reticular fibroblasts in vitro. Therefore, we hypothesize that papillary fibroblasts represent an undifferentiated phenotype, while reticular fibroblasts represent a more differentiated population. The differentiation process could be a new target for anti‐skin‐ageing strategies.
Proteomic analysis of immediate‐early response plasma proteins after 70% and 90% partial hepatectomy
Authors: Kumar Sudhanshu , Zou Yuhong , Bao Qi , Wang Mu , Dai Guoli 
Published: November 2012

AimPartial hepatectomy (PH) induces robust hepatic regenerative and metabolic responses that are considered to be triggered by humoral factors. The aim of the study was to identify plasma protein factors that potentially trigger or reflect the body's immediate‐early responses to liver mass reduction.MethodsMale C57BL/6 mice were subjected to sham operation, 70% PH or 90% PH. Blood was collected from the inferior vena cava at 20, 60 and 180 min after surgery.ResultsUsing a label‐free quantitative mass spectrometry‐based proteomics approach, we identified 399 proteins exhibiting significant changes in plasma expression between any two groups. Of the 399 proteins, 167 proteins had multiple unique sequences and high peptide ID confidence (>90%) and were defined as priority 1 proteins. A group of plasma proteins largely associated with metabolism is enriched after 70% PH. Among the plasma proteins that respond to 90% PH are a dominant group of proteins that are also associated with metabolism and one known cytokine (platelet factor 4). Ninety percent PH and 70% PH induces similar changes in plasma protein profile.ConclusionOur findings enable us to gain insight into the immediate‐early response of plasma proteins to liver mass loss. Our data support the notion that increased metabolic demands of the body after massive liver mass loss may function as a sensor that calibrates hepatic regenerative response.
Eocene volcanism during the incipient stage of Izu–Ogasawara Arc: Geology and petrology of the Mukojima Island Group, the Ogasawara Islands
Authors: Kanayama Kyoko , Umino Susumu , Ishizuka Osamu 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe Ogasawara Islands mainly comprise Eocene volcanic strata formed when the Izu–Ogasawara–Mariana Arc began. We present the first detailed volcanic geology, petrography and geochemistry of the Mukojima Island Group, northernmost of the Ogasawara Islands, and show that the volcanic stratigraphy consists of arc tholeiitic rocks, ultra‐depleted boninite‐series rocks, and less‐depleted boninitic andesites, which are correlatable to the Maruberiwan, Asahiyama and Mikazukiyama Formations on the Chichijima Island Group to the south. On Chichijima, a short hiatus is identified between the Maruberiwan (boninite, bronzite andesite, and dacite) and Asahiyama Formation (quartz dacite and rhyolite). In contrast, these lithologies are interbedded on Nakodojima of the Mukojima Island Group. The stratigraphically lower portion of Mukojima is mainly composed of pillow lava, which is overlain by reworked volcaniclastic rocks in the middle, whereas the upper portion is dominated by pyroclastic rocks. This suggests that volcanic activity now preserved in the Mukojima Island Group records growth of one or more volcanoes, beginning with quiet extrusion of lava under relatively deep water followed by volcaniclastic deposition. These then changed into moderately explosive eruptions that took place in shallow water or above sea level. This is consistent with the uplift of the entire Ogasawara Ridge during the Eocene. Boninites from the Mukojima Island Group are divided into three types on the basis of geochemistry. Type 1 boninites have high SiO2 (>57.0 wt.%) and Zr/Ti (>0.022) and are the most abundant type in both Mukojima and Chichijima Island Groups. Type 2 boninites have low SiO2 (<57.1 wt.%) and Zr/Ti (<0.014). Type 3 boninites have 57.6–60.7 wt.% SiO2 and are characterized by high CaO/Al2O3 (0.9–1.1). Both type 2 and 3 boninites are common on Mukojima but are rare in the Chichijima Island Group.
Geochemistry and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic constraints on the petrogenesis of Cenozoic lavas from the Pali Aike and Morro Chico area (52°S), southern Patagonia, South America
Authors: Choo Mi Kyung , Lee Mi Jung , Lee Jong Ik , Kim Kyu Han , Park Kye‐Hun 
Published: November 2012

AbstractGeochemical and isotopic analyses (Sr–Nd–Pb) of late Miocene to Quaternary plateau lavas from the Pali Aike and Morro Chico areas (52°S) were undertaken to constrain the melting processes and mantle sources that contributed to magma generation and the geodynamic evolution of southernmost Patagonia, South America. The Pali Aike and Morro Chico lavas are alkaline (Pali Aike, 45–49 wt.% SiO2; 4.3–5.9 wt.% Na2O+K2O) and subalkaline (Morro Chico, 50.5–50.8 wt.% SiO2; 4.0–4.4 wt.% Na2O+K2O), relatively primitive (Pali Aike, 9.5–13.7 wt.% MgO; Morro Chico, 7.6–8.8 wt.% MgO) mafic volcanic rocks that have typical intraplate ocean island basalt‐like signatures. Incompatible trace element ratios and isotopic ratios of the Pali Aike and Morro Chico lavas differ from those of the majority of Neogene southern Patagonian slab window lavas in showing more enriched characteristics and are similar to high‐μ (HIMU)‐like basalts. The rare earth element (REE) modeling to constrain mantle melting percentages suggests that these lavas were produced by low degrees of partial melting (1.0–2.0% for Pali Aike lavas and about 2.6–2.7% for Morro Chico lavas) of a garnet lherzolite mantle source. The major systematic variations of Sr–Nd–Pb isotopes in southern Patagonian lavas are related to geographic location. The Pali Aike and Morro Chico lavas from the southernmost part of Patagonia have lower 87Sr/86Sr and higher 143Nd/144Nd and 206Pb/204Pb ratios, relative to most of the southern Patagonian lavas erupted north of 49.5°S, pointing to a HIMU‐like signature. An isotopically depleted and HIMU‐like asthenospheric domain may have been the main source of magmas in the southernmost part of Patagonia (e.g. Pali Aike, Morro Chico, and Camusu Aike volcanic field), suggesting the presence of a major discontinuity in the isotopic composition of the asthenosphere in southern Patagonia. On the basis of geochemical and isotope data and the available geological and geotectonic reconstructions, a link between the HIMU asthenospheric mantle domain beneath southernmost Patagonia and the HIMU mega‐province of the southwestern Pacific Ocean is proposed.
The effect of calcium hydroxide on the antibiotic component of Odontopaste® and Ledermix® paste
Authors: Athanassiadis M. , Jacobsen N. , Nassery K. , Parashos P. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractAimTo investigate the chemical interaction of calcium hydroxide with the antibiotics demeclocycline calcium in Ledermix® Paste and clindamycin hydrochloride in Odontopaste®.MethodologyValidated methods were developed to analyse the interaction of calcium hydroxide in two forms, Pulpdent® and calcium hydroxide powder, with the two antibiotics. High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyse the mixed samples of the pastes and calcium hydroxide. The concentration of demeclocycline calcium over 0‐, 1‐, 18‐, 24‐, 72‐h and 7‐day time‐points was determined. The concentration of clindamycin hydrochloride over 1‐, 6‐, 24‐, 72‐h and 7‐day time‐points was determined. All tests with HPLC involved testing of the standard in duplicate alongside the samples. Linearity, precision and specificity of the testing procedures and apparatus were validated. Descriptive statistics are provided.ResultsThe antibiotics in both Odontopaste® and Ledermix® Paste were affected by the addition of calcium hydroxide. When mixed with calcium hydroxide powder, Odontopaste® had a 2% loss of clindamycin hydrochloride over 7 days, but when mixed with Pulpdent®, there was a 36% loss over 7 days. Ledermix® Paste showed an 80% loss of demeclocycline calcium over 7 days when mixed with calcium hydroxide powder and a 19% loss when mixed with Pulpdent® over the 7‐day period.ConclusionThe addition of calcium hydroxide to Odontopaste® or Ledermix® Paste results in reductions of the respective antibiotic over a 7‐day time period.
Intrarenal reflux in primary vesicoureteral reflux
Authors: Fukui Shinji , Watanabe Masato , Yoshino Kaoru 
Published: November 2012

ObjectivesTo elucidate the significance of intrarenal reflux.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 276 patients (age <5 years) with grade III to V vesicoureteral reflux. They were divided into two groups: 55 patients with intrarenal reflux and 221 patients without intrarenal reflux (control group). All patients received low‐dose antibiotic prophylaxis.ResultsThe most common initial presentation in both groups was febrile urinary tract infection. On dimercaptosuccinic acid scan, the rate of decreased differential renal function (<40%) was significantly higher in the intrarenal reflux group than in the control group (51% vs 33%, P < 0.05). Breakthrough urinary tract infections were observed in 26 patients (47%) in the intrarenal reflux group and 61 patients (28%) in the control group (P < 0.01). There was no statistically significant difference regarding spontaneous resolution of reflux, which occurred in nine patients (16%) in the intrarenal reflux group and 32 patients (14%) in the control group. Surgical treatment was selected more often in the intrarenal reflux group (P < 0.05) because of the high incidence of breakthrough urinary tract infection.ConclusionsThe rate of spontaneous resolution of high‐grade vesicoureteral reflux is similar between patients with and without intrarenal reflux. However, those with intrarenal reflux present are more likely to present a decreased differential renal function and breakthrough urinary tract infections. Consequently, surgical treatment is considered more frequently in cases with intrarenal reflux. Although high‐grade vesicoureteral reflux with intrarenal reflux can be treated conservatively, physicians should take into account the higher risk of breakthrough urinary tract infections.
Risk factors for chronic kidney disease after chemotherapy for testicular cancer
Authors: Inai Hiromu , Kawai Koji , Ikeda Atsushi , Ando Satoshi , Kimura Tomokazu , Oikawa Takehiro , Onozawa Mizuki , Miyazaki Jun , Uchida Katsunori , Nishiyama Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2012

ObjectiveTo elucidate the patterns of and risk factors for deterioration of renal function after chemotherapy in metastatic testicular cancer survivors using the estimated glomerular filtration rate.MethodsA total of 96 patients who were treated with cisplatin‐based chemotherapy for metastatic testicular cancer between January 1981 and December 2010 were enrolled in this study. The estimated glomerular filtration rate was based on the serum creatinine concentration using the formula of the Japanese Society of Nephrology. Risk factors for chronic kidney disease were examined by multivariate logistic‐regression analysis.ResultsThe median follow‐up period was 70 months (range 15–342). The median pretreatment estimated glomerular filtration rate was 98 mL/min/1.73 m2 (range 44–216), and it gradually decreased for 1 year after the end of chemotherapy, although there was no significant change in estimated glomerular filtration rate beyond 1 year. One year after chemotherapy, 22 of 96 patients (23%) showed chronic kidney disease (less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 estimated glomerular filtration rate). The multivariate analysis showed that the patients with mild renal damage (estimated glomerular filtration rate 60–89 mL/min/1.73 m2) and elevated blood pressure (higher than 130/80 mmHg) before treatment had a significant risk with odds ratios of 2.63 (95% confidence interval 1.09–6.73) and 4.22 (95% confidence interval 1.45–12.6), respectively.ConclusionsClose monitoring of renal function is important for at least 1 year after chemotherapy for testicular cancer, especially in patients having elevated blood pressure and/or mild renal damage before chemotherapy.
Vancomycin therapeutics and monitoring: a contemporary approach
Authors: Avent M. L. , Vaska V. L. , Rogers B. A. , Cheng A. C. , van Hal S. J. , Holmes N. E. , Howden B. P. , Paterson D. L. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractVancomycin remains a clinically useful antibiotic despite the advent of several alternative drugs. Optimising vancomycin therapy with therapeutic drug monitoring is widely recommended. The aim of therapeutic drug monitoring is to help the clinician to achieve target pharmacodynamic parameters in the case of vancomycin, an area under the concentration time curve/minimum inhibitory concentration ratio of ≥400. Vancomycin monitoring methods can be categorised into four categories: empiric trough concentrations; linear regression analysis (one‐compartment model), population methods and Bayesian estimation procedures. Although the empiric trough concentrations and population methods are easy to use and require minimal resources, there are large differences in the published vancomycin model parameters. This demonstrates that there is great variance in pharmacokinetic parameters between the models and a single vancomycin model cannot be applied to all patient populations. The linear regression and Bayesian methods recommended more accurate dosage regimens; however, they require additional resources such as information technology and healthcare personnel with background training in pharmacokinetics. The Bayesian methods offered additional advantages such as calculation of doses based on a single‐serum concentration and optimisation of the patient's previous pharmacokinetic data to determine subsequent dosage regimens. Computerised programs, utilising the Bayesian estimation procedures, are able to achieve target concentrations in a greater percentage of patients earlier in the course of therapy than the empiric trough concentrations and population methods. We recommend the use of these programs providing there is appropriate expertise available to make appropriate recommendations.
Validity and reliability of Turkish Caregiver Burden Scale among family caregivers of haemodialysis patients
Authors: Cil Akinci Ayse , Pinar Rukiye 
Published: November 2012

Aims and objectives. To investigate the validity and reliability of the Caregiver Burden Scale in family members who provide primary care for haemodialysis patients.Background. In Turkey, there is a need for a multi‐dimensional instrument to evaluate the caregiver burden in people who provide care for patients with chronic diseases.Design. A methodological study.Methods. The study sample consisted of 161 family members who provide primary care for haemodialysis patients. The forward‐backward translation method was used to develop the Turkish Caregiver Burden Scale. The reliability was based on internal consistency investigated by Cronbach’s alpha and item–total correlation. The factorial construct validity of the scale was tested with confirmatory factor analysis. By means of convergent and divergent validity, correlation between Caregiver Burden Scale and 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36) and correlation between Caregiver Burden Scale and the Maslach Burnout Scale were investigated.Results. Cronbach’s alpha and item–total correlations results suggested that there was good internal reliability. We found five underlying factors similar to original Scale’s five‐factor solution. The confirmatory factor analysis five‐factor model represented an acceptable fit. Factor loadings were significant, with standardised loadings ranging from 0·43–0·81. By means of divergent validity, all sub‐dimension scores and the total score of the Caregiver Burden Scale were negatively correlated with the SF‐36, whereas there was a positive correlation with the emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation subscales of the Maslach Burnout Scale as expected.Conclusion. These results suggest that the Caregiver Burden Scale is a reliable and valid instrument which can be used with confidence in Turkish caregivers for haemodialysis patients to screen caregiver burden.Relevance to clinical practice. The burden experienced by people who provide care for patients with chronic diseases can be evaluated with the Caregiver Burden Scale. Additionally, the Caregiver Burden Scale can be used in the evaluation of the effectiveness of attempts to decrease caregiver burden.
Resuscitation in general medical wards: who decides?
Authors: Ganz Freda DeKeyser , Kaufman Nechama , Israel Sima , Einav Sharon 
Published: November 2012

Aims and objectives.  To investigate nurse experiences and attitudes regarding resuscitation while focusing on intentional avoidance of action during a futile cardiac arrest.Background.  Nurses often lack the legal and clinical authority to make resuscitation decisions; however, in cases where they believe that resuscitation would be futile, they may elect to delay/avoid the initiation of resuscitation as a non‐confrontational method of achieving the desired endpoint, thus essentially transferring the final resuscitation decision from the physician to the nurse.Design and methods.  An anonymous questionnaire survey conducted among a convenience sample of 122/142 nurses from five medical wards in two Jerusalem hospitals.Results.  Nearly one‐fifth (19/117) of participants reported non‐initiation of a futile resuscitation. Nurses who chose not to initiate futile resuscitations were those who scored higher on the Support Do Not Attempt Resuscitation Questionnaire, those that had previously been consulted by a doctor regarding the initiation of resuscitation and those that expressed a desire to be a part of a multidisciplinary team focused on resuscitation decision‐making. No other variables seemed to affect this outcome.Conclusions.  Nurses are often excluded from the resuscitation decision‐making process despite their desire to participate. Delayed initiation/avoidance of resuscitation is being actively practiced by some nurses.Relevance to clinical practice.  Nurses should be given the opportunity to become an essential component of resuscitation decision‐making to avoid the pre‐emption of medical resuscitation decisions.
Living an unstable everyday life while attempting to perform normality – the meaning of living as an alcohol‐dependent woman
Authors: Thurang Anna , Bengtsson Tops Anita 
Published: November 2012

Aims and objectivesTo illuminate the meaning of living with alcohol dependency as a woman.BackgroundThe number of women suffering from alcohol dependency is increasing. Today there are shortcomings in knowledge about the lived experiences of being a woman with alcohol dependency; knowledge which might be of importance for meeting these women's specific needs of care.DesignThe study has a qualitative design. Fourteen women with alcohol dependency participated in open in‐depth interviews.MethodData were analysed according to a phenomenological‐hermeneutic method, and interpreted by help from gender and caring perspectives as well as results from previous research of alcohol dependency.ResultsIn relation to the women's senses of well‐being, four main gender formations were found; An unstable self involving continual and rapid swings between emotional and bodily reactions. Ambivalence – meaning ambiguous feelings towards themselves as human beings and how they lead their lives. Introspectiveness – involving reflections, pondering and being introverted. Attempts to perform normality – covering – dealing with life through various strategies and facades to live up to the expectations of how to behave as a woman.ConclusionLiving with alcohol dependency as a woman constitutes of a rapid shifting everyday life resulting in senses of alienation as well as private introspection leading to self‐degradation, and to a lesser extent meaningfulness and hope. It also constitutes of managing to perform normality.Relevance to clinical practiceWhen supporting women with alcohol dependency towards wellbeing, professionals need to work towards approaching the woman's inner thoughts, share them and reflect over them together. To support these women to find balance in life, caregivers need to cooperate with the women to find out how best to live a life adjusted to the woman's abilities and wishes.