bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using species richness and functional traits predictions to constrain assemblage predictions from stacked species distribution models
Authors: D'Amen Manuela , Dubuis Anne , Fernandes Rui F. , Pottier Julien , Pellissier Loïc , Guisan Antoine 
Published: February 2015

AbstractAimModelling species distributions at the community level is required to make effective forecasts of global change impacts on diversity and ecosystem functioning. Community predictions may be achieved using macroecological properties of communities (macroecological models, MEM), or by stacking of individual species distribution models (stacked species distribution models, S‐SDMs). To obtain more realistic predictions of species assemblages, the SESAM (spatially explicit species assemblage modelling) framework suggests applying successive filters to the initial species source pool, by combining different modelling approaches and rules. Here we provide a first test of this framework in mountain grassland communities.LocationThe western Swiss Alps.MethodsTwo implementations of the SESAM framework were tested: a ‘probability ranking’ rule based on species richness predictions and rough probabilities from SDMs, and a ‘trait range’ rule that uses the predicted upper and lower bound of community‐level distribution of three different functional traits (vegetative height, specific leaf area, and seed mass) to constrain a pool of species from binary SDMs predictions.ResultsWe showed that all independent constraints contributed to reduce species richness overprediction. Only the ‘probability ranking’ rule allowed slight but significant improvements in the predictions of community composition.Main conclusionsWe tested various implementations of the SESAM framework by integrating macroecological constraints into S‐SDM predictions, and report one that is able to improve compositional predictions. We discuss possible improvements, such as further understanding the causality and precision of environmental predictors, using other assembly rules and testing other types of ecological or functional constraints.
Spontaneous calcification process in primary renal cells from a medullary sponge kidney patient harbouring a GDNF mutation
Authors: Mezzabotta Federica , Cristofaro Rosalba , Ceol Monica , Del Prete Dorella , Priante Giovanna , Familiari Alessandra , Fabris Antonia , D'Angelo Angela , Gambaro Giovanni , Anglani Franca 
Published: February 2015

AbstractMedullary nephrocalcinosis is a hallmark of medullary sponge kidney (MSK). We had the opportunity to study a spontaneous calcification process in vitro by utilizing the renal cells of a patient with MSK who was heterozygous for the c.‐27 + 18G>A variant in the GDNF gene encoding glial cell‐derived neurotrophic factor. The cells were obtained by collagenase digestion of papillary tissues from the MSK patient and from two patients who had no MSK or nephrocalcinosis. These cells were typed by immunocytochemistry, and the presence of mineral deposits was studied using von Kossa staining, scanning electron microscopy analysis and an ALP assay. Osteoblastic lineage markers were studied using immunocytochemistry and RT‐PCR. Staminality markers were also analysed using flow cytometry, magnetic cell separation technology, immunocytochemistry and RT‐PCR. Starting from p2, MSK and control cells formed nodules with a behaviour similar to that of calcifying pericytes; however, Ca2PO4 was only found in the MSK cultures. The MSK cells had morphologies and immunophenotypes resembling those of pericytes or stromal stem cells and were positive for vimentin, ZO1, αSMA and CD146. In addition, the MSK cells expressed osteocalcin and osteonectin, indicating an osteoblast‐like phenotype. In contrast to the control cells, GDNF was down‐regulated in the MSK cells. Stable GDNF knockdown was established in the HK2 cell line and was found to promote Ca2PO4 deposition when the cells were incubated with calcifying medium by regulating the osteonectin/osteopontin ratio in favour of osteonectin. Our data indicate that the human papilla may be a perivascular niche in which pericyte/stromal‐like cells can undergo osteogenic differentiation under particular conditions and suggest that GDNF down‐regulation may have influenced the observed phenomenon.
Mitochondria of a human multidrug‐resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cell line constitutively express inducible nitric oxide synthase in the inner membrane
Authors: Fantappiè Ornella , Sassoli Chiara , Tani Alessia , Nosi Daniele , Marchetti Serena , Formigli Lucia , Mazzanti Roberto 
Published: February 2015

AbstractMitochondria play a crucial role in pathways of stress conditions. They can be transported from one cell to another, bringing their features to the cell where they are transported. It has been shown in cancer cells overexpressing multidrug resistance (MDR) that mitochondria express proteins involved in drug resistance such as P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), breast cancer resistant protein and multiple resistance protein‐1. The MDR phenotype is associated with the constitutive expression of COX‐2 and iNOS, whereas celecoxib, a specific inhibitor of COX‐2 activity, reverses drug resistance of MDR cells by releasing cytochrome c from mitochondria. It is possible that COX‐2 and iNOS are also expressed in mitochondria of cancer cells overexpressing the MDR phenotype. This study involved experiments using the human HCC PLC/PRF/5 cell line with and without MDR phenotype and melanoma A375 cells that do not express the MDR1 phenotype but they do iNOS. Western blot analysis, confocal immunofluorescence and immune electron microscopy showed that iNOS is localized in mitochondria of MDR1‐positive cells, whereas COX‐2 is not. Low and moderate concentrations of celecoxib modulate the expression of iNOS and P‐gp in mitochondria of MDR cancer cells independently from inhibition of COX‐2 activity. However, A375 cells that express iNOS also in mitochondria, were not MDR1 positive. In conclusion, iNOS can be localized in mitochondria of HCC cells overexpressing MDR1 phenotype, however this phenomenon appears independent from the MDR1 phenotype occurrence. The presence of iNOS in mitochondria of human HCC cells phenotype probably concurs to a more aggressive behaviour of cancer cells.
Influence of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells pre‐implantation differentiation approach on periodontal regeneration in vivo
Authors: Cai Xinjie , Yang Fang , Yan Xiangzhen , Yang Wanxun , Yu Na , Oortgiesen Daniel A. W. , Wang Yining , Jansen John A. , Walboomers X. Frank 
Published: February 2015

AbstractAimThe implantation of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has previously been shown successful to achieve periodontal regeneration. However, the preferred pre‐implantation differentiation strategy (e.g. maintenance of stemness, osteogenic or chondrogenic induction) to obtain optimal periodontal regeneration is still unknown. This in vivo study explored which differentiation approach is most suitable for periodontal regeneration.Materials and MethodsMesenchymal stem cells were obtained from Fischer rats and seeded onto poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid)/poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) electrospun scaffolds, and then pre‐cultured under different in vitro conditions: (i) retention of multilineage differentiation potential; (ii) osteogenic differentiation approach; and (iii) chondrogenic differentiation approach. Subsequently, the cell‐scaffold constructs were implanted into experimental periodontal defects of Fischer rats, with empty scaffolds as controls. After 6 weeks of implantation, histomorphometrical analyses were applied to evaluate the regenerated periodontal tissues.ResultsThe chondrogenic differentiation approach showed regeneration of alveolar bone and ligament tissues. The retention of multilineage differentiation potential supported only ligament regeneration, while the osteogenic differentiation approach boosted alveolar bone regeneration.ConclusionChondrogenic differentiation of MSCs before implantation is a useful strategy for regeneration of alveolar bone and periodontal ligament, in the currently used rat model.
Soft‐tissue re‐growth following fibre retention osseous resective surgery or osseous resective surgery: a multilevel analysis
Authors: Cairo Francesco , Carnevale Gianfranco , Buti Jacopo , Nieri Michele , Mervelt Jana , Tonelli Paolo , Pagavino Gabriella , Tonetti Maurizio 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess soft‐tissue re‐growth following Fibre Retention Osseous Resective Surgery (FibReORS) or Osseous Resective Surgery (ORS) over a 12‐month healing period.Material and MethodsThirty patients with chronic periodontitis showing persistent periodontal pockets at posterior natural teeth after cause‐related therapy were enroled. Periodontal pockets were associated with infrabony defect ≤3 mm; 15 patients were randomly assigned to FibReORS (test group) and 15 to ORS (control group). Measurements were performed by a blind and calibrated examiner. Soft‐tissue rebound after flap suture was monitored by changes in gingival recession at 1‐, 3‐, 6‐, and 12‐ month follow‐up. Multilevel analysis considering patient, site, and time levels was performed.ResultsGreater osseous resection during surgery and higher post surgical gingival recession was observed in the ORS group. The mean amount of soft‐tissue rebound following surgery was 2.5 mm for ORS‐treated sites and 2.2 mm for FibReORS‐treated sites. Approximately 90% of the coronal re‐growth was detectable after 6 months for both procedures. The interaction between ORS and time of observation showed a higher soft‐tissue rebound after 12 months (p = 0.0233) for ORS‐treated sites.ConclusionsBoth procedures showed a similar coronal soft‐tissue re‐growth with a significant higher recession reduction for ORS‐treated sites. Significant clinical stability of the gingival margin is obtained 6 months after surgery for both procedures.
Detection of CAPN10 copy number variation in Thai patients with type 2 diabetes by denaturing high performance liquid chromatography and real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Plengvidhya Nattachet , Chanprasert Kanjana , Tangjittipokin Watip , Thongnoppakhun Wanna , Yenchitsomanus Pa‐thai 
Published: February 2015

AbstractAims/IntroductionA combination of multiple genetic and environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Copy number variations (CNVs) are associated with complex human diseases. However, CNVs can cause genotype deviation from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). A genetic case–control association study in 216 Thai diabetic patients and 192 non‐diabetic controls found that, after excluding genotyping errors, genotype distribution of calpain 10 (CAPN10) SNP44 (rs2975760) deviated from HWE. Here, we aimed to detect CNV within the CAPN10 SNP44 region.Materials and MethodsCNV within the CAPN10 SNP44 region was detected using denaturing high‐performance liquid chromatography, and the results confirmed by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction with SYBR Green I.ResultsBoth methods successfully identified CNV in the CAPN10 SNP44 region, obtaining concordant results. Correction of genotype calling based on the status of identified CNVs showed that the CAPN10 SNP44 genotype is in good agreement with HWE (P > 0.05). However, no association between CNV genotypes and risk of type 2 diabetes was observed.ConclusionsIdentified CNVs for CAPN10 SNP44 genotypes lead to deviation from HWE. Furthermore, both denaturing high‐performance liquid chromatography and real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction are useful for detecting CNVs.
Klebsiella pneumoniae thyroid abscess complicated with esophagitis in a woman with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus: A case report
Authors: Liu Yanxi , Yu Siyao , Ren Xing , Qiao Yue , Sun Guang 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe thyroid is resistant to infection because of the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the gland, and even though diabetes can induce a compromised immune system, thyroid infection disease is scarcely encountered in diabetic patients. Thyroid abscess formation in an asymptomatic diabetic patient is an even rarer entity. We present a case of a previously asymptomatic diabetic patient showing clinical symptoms of painful swelling in the anterior neck followed by progressing dysphagia, who was later diagnosed with thyroid abscess as a result of Klebsiella pneumoniae, complicated with esophagitis caused by the same microorganism. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of asymptomatic diabetes being clinically diagnosed with thyroid abscess as the first sign.
Applying Fuzzy and Probabilistic Uncertainty Concepts to the Material Flow Analysis of Palladium in Austria
Authors: Laner David , Rechberger Helmut , Astrup Thomas 
Published: February 2015

AbstractMaterial flow analysis (MFA) is a widely applied tool to investigate resource and recycling systems of metals and minerals. Owing to data limitations and restricted system understanding, MFA results are inherently uncertain. To demonstrate the systematic implementation of uncertainty analysis in MFA, two mathematical concepts for the quantification of uncertainties were applied to Austrian palladium (Pd) resource flows and evaluated: (1) uncertainty ranges expressed by fuzzy sets and (2) uncertainty ranges defined by normal distributions given as mean values and standard deviations. Whereas normal distributions represent the traditional approach for quantifying uncertainties in MFA, fuzzy sets may offer additional benefits in relation to uncertainty quantification in cases of scarce information. With respect to the Pd case study, the fuzzy representation of uncertain quantities is more consistent with the actual data availability in cases of incomplete databases, and fuzzy sets serve to highlight the effect of uncertainty on resource efficiency indicators derived from the MFA results. For both approaches, data reconciliation procedures offer the potential to reduce uncertainty and evaluate the plausibility of the model results. With respect to Pd resource management, improved formal collection of end‐of‐life (EOL) consumer products is identified as a key factor in increasing the recycling efficiency. In particular, the partial export of EOL vehicles represents a substantial loss of Pd from the Austrian resource system, whereas approximately 70% of the Pd in the EOL consumer products is recovered in waste management. In conclusion, systematic uncertainty analysis is an integral part of MFA required to provide robust decision support in resource management.
Clinician adherence to childhood overweight and obesity recommendations by race/ethnicity of the child
Authors: Gance‐Cleveland Bonnie , Aldrich Heather , Schmiege Sarah , Coursen Cristi , Dandreaux Danielle , Gilbert Lynn 
Published: February 2015

AbstractPurposeThis study describes school‐based health center (SBHC) providers’ adherence to obesity guidelines.Design and MethodsProviders (n = 28) were from SBHCs in six states serving children 5–12 years of age. A random sample of well‐child charts (n = 850) were audited for body mass index percentage, blood pressure percentage, overweight/obesity diagnosis, and laboratory assessment.ResultsBody mass index percentage was documented on 73% of charts and blood pressure percentage on 30.5%. Providers accurately diagnosed 40% overweight and 49.3% obese children. Laboratory guidelines were followed in 80.4% of cases. Assessments differed by child's race/ethnicity (p < .05), with most criteria having higher adherence in minority youth.Practice ImplicationsThere is a need for increased accuracy in how SBHC providers screen overweight/obese children.
Nebulised liposomal amphotericin B for Aspergillus lung diseases: case series and literature review
Authors: Godet Cendrine , Goudet Véronique , Laurent François , Moal Gwenaël Le , Gounant Valérie , Frat Jean‐Pierre , cateau Estelle , Roblot France , Cadranel Jacques 
Published: February 2015

SummaryOver the past 10 years the incidence of Aspergillus spp. has significantly increased, and it is now the most widespread air transmission fungal pathogen in developed countries. Whatever the clinical expression of the pulmonary disease and despite recent progress in antifungal drug therapy, morbidity and mortality related to aspergillosis lung disease still constitute a serious threat for immunosuppressed or mildly immunocompromised patients. Moreover, the treatments currently used have many limitations due to adverse effects and drug interactions. Finally, subjects exposed to azoles present an increased risk of Aspergillus‐resistant strain emergence. We have reported five cases with aspergillosis lung diseases that were either difficult to control or in which patients had a contra‐indication to triazole therapy, but which showed durable improvement following the administration of nebulised liposomal amphotericin B. Our alternative strategy could be of interest for patients with aspergillosis lung disease who otherwise cannot be conventionally treated by triazoles.
Resting Heart Rate and Incident Atrial Fibrillation in the Elderly
Authors: O'NEAL WESLEY T. , ALMAHMOUD MOHAMED F. , SOLIMAN ELSAYED Z. 
Published: February 2015

BackgroundAlterations in autonomic tone and/or sinus node dysfunction are common with aging. We hypothesized that older persons with low or high heart rates represent a population with subclinical abnormalities who are more likely to develop atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsA total of 5,226 participants aged 65 years or more (85% white; 42% male) with complete data from the Cardiovascular Health Study were used in this analysis. AF cases were identified during the yearly study electrocardiograms, participant history of a physician diagnosis, or by hospitalization data. Cox regression was used to compute hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between resting heart rate and incident AF using clinically relevant categories (heart rate ≤60 beats/min, 60< heart rate beats/min ≤90 beats/min (reference), heart rate >90 beats/min) and as a continuous variable per 5 beats/min decrease.ResultsOver a median follow‐up of 12.7 years, a total of 532 (10.2%) participants developed AF. In a multivariable Cox regression analysis, heart rates ≤60 beats/min (HR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.1, 1.5), but not >90 beats/min (HR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.52, 2.3), were associated with an increased risk of AF. Additionally, heart rate per 5 beats/min decrease was associated with an increased risk of AF (HR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.1). The results were consistent in subgroup analyses stratified by age, sex, race, and baseline cardiovascular disease.ConclusionIn the elderly, low heart rates are associated with an increased risk of AF. Potentially, underlying alterations in autonomic tone and/or subclinical sinus node dysfunction manifested as slow heart rate predispose to AF.
Immunomodulating properties of protein hydrolysates for application in cow's milk allergy
Authors: Kiewiet M. B. G. , Gros M. , van Neerven R. J. J. , Faas M. M. , de Vos P. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractCow's milk proteins cause allergic symptoms in 2–3% of all infants. In these individuals, the tolerogenic state of the intestinal immune system is broken, which can lead to sensitization against antigens and eventually to allergic responses. Although a true treatment for food allergy is not available, symptoms can be avoided by providing the infants with hydrolyzed proteins. Hydrolyzed proteins are proteins that are enzymatically degraded. They lack typical allergenic IgE‐binding epitopes but are also thought to play a pertinent role in other mechanisms inducing hypoallergenic effects. This review discusses the mechanisms and evidence for immunomodulating properties of cow's milk hydrolysates. Hydrolysates are found to strengthen the epithelial barrier, modulate T‐cell differentiation, and decrease inflammation. Some studies suggest a role for hydrolysates in manipulating pathogen recognition receptors signaling as underlying mechanism. Peptides from hydrolysates have been shown to bind to TLR2 and TLR4 and influence cytokine production in epithelial cells and macrophages. Current insight suggests that hydrolysates may actively participate in modulating the immune responses in subjects with cow's milk allergy and those at risk to develop cow's milk allergy. However, more research is required to design effective and reproducible means to develop targeting strategies to modulate the immune response.
Lichenoid Drug Eruption After Human Papillomavirus Vaccination
Authors: Laschinger Mary E. , Schleichert Rachel A. , Green Brian 
Published: February 2015

AbstractLichenoid drug reactions have been linked to a long and growing list of medications, most of which are used mainly in adults, making these reactions exceedingly rare in children. To the best of our knowledge, this case report is the first of a lichenoid drug eruption in a child after human papillomavirus vaccination.
Pigmented Purpuric Dermatosis: Clinicopathologic Characterization in a Pediatric Series
Authors: Coulombe Jérôme , Jean Sara‐Elizabeth , Hatami Afshin , Powell Julie , Marcoux Danielle , Kokta Victor , McCuaig Catherine 
Published: February 2015

AbstractPigmentary purpuras (PPs) are a group of chronic disorders of unknown origin seldom described in children. With this study we sought to better characterize PP eruptions, including clinical evolution and management. A retrospective chart review from 2003 to 2013 querying characteristics of children with a biopsy‐proven diagnosis of PP in the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste‐Justine dermatology clinic (Montreal, Quebec, Canada) was performed. Follow‐up was obtained through telephone interviews. Descriptive statistical analysis was used. Of the 17 subjects, 8 were male and the mean age of onset was 9 years. PP was asymptomatic in 11 patients, pruritic in 3, and of cosmetic concern in 3. Schamberg's disease was the most frequent subtype in 12 cases. Resolution of PP was found in 13 cases with a median duration of less than 1 year (range 6 months–9 years). Five patients experienced spontaneous clearing without treatment, and improvement was observed in 75% of cases treated with topical corticosteroids and 100% with narrowband ultraviolet B (nbUVB). No associated disease, significant drug exposure, or contact allergens were found. Those findings support that PPs in children are idiopathic, chronic eruptions that can benefit from watchful waiting, although topical corticosteroids or nbUVB are may be useful if the patient or family desires faster resolution. This study was limited by its small size, its retrospective nature, and selection and recall bias.