bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real‐world effectiveness of first‐line azacitidine or decitabine with or without venetoclax in acute myeloid leukemia patients unfit for intensive therapy
Authors: Acker Fabian , Chromik Jörg , Tiedjen Emily , Wolf Sebastian , Vischedyk Jonas B. , Makowka Philipp , Enßle Julius C. , Kouidri Khouloud , Sebastian Martin , Steffen Björn , Oellerich Thomas , Serve Hubert , Neubauer Andreas , Schäfer Jonas A. , Bittenbring Jörg T. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundFirst‐line treatment in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) unfit for intensive therapy is the combination of a hypomethylating agent (HMA) with venetoclax (VEN). However, retrospective data confirming the benefits of this regimen outside of clinical trials have shown conflicting results.MethodsWe performed a multicenter retrospective analysis of outcomes with first‐line HMA–VEN versus HMA in AML patients unfit for intensive chemotherapy.ResultsA total of 213 patients were included from three German hospitals (125 HMA–VEN, 88 HMA). Median overall survival in the HMA–VEN cohort was 7.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.1–14.7) versus 4.9 months (3.1–7.1) with HMA. After 1 year, 42% (95% CI, 33–54) and 19% (12–30) of patients were alive, respectively (hazard ratio [HR] for death, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.46–0.88). After adjusting for clinical and molecular baseline characteristics, treatment with HMA–VEN remained significantly associated with both prolonged survival (HR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.29–0.77) and time to next treatment (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.47–0.85). Patients who achieved recovery of peripheral blood counts had a favorable prognosis (HR for death, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.33–0.84).DiscussionThese data align with findings from the pivotal VIALE‐A trial and support the use of HMA–VEN in patients unfit for intensive therapy.
The effect of parental age on the quantity and quality of offspring in Syngnathus typhle, a species with male pregnancy
Authors: Pappert Freya Adele , Kolbe Daniel , Dubin Arseny , Roth Olivia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractParental age impacts offspring quantity and quality. Most prior research focused on maternal age. Since in most organisms the mother produces the costly eggs plus provides all or most parental care, it is difficult to distinguish maternal effects mediated via the egg from later maternal care. Here, we addressed the effects of parental age on offspring in Syngnathus typhle, a pipefish with male pregnancy. The divide between one parent producing the eggs and the second parent being the exclusive provider of parental care facilitates a distinction between the effects of parental age on egg quality versus parental age on early development. We fully reciprocally crossed young and old mothers and young and old fathers and assessed impact of parental age combination on offspring number, offspring size, and offspring gene expression patterns. Neither parental combination significantly influenced offspring size or male gestation duration; however, they influenced the number of offspring. Paternal, but not maternal, age strongly affected the offspring gene expression. Offspring from old fathers exhibited substantial changes in the expression of genes related to cell cycle regulation, protein synthesis, DNA repair, and neurogenesis. Our findings thus highlight the importance of gestation, as opposed to gamete production, in shaping the parental contribution to offspring development.
Management of paracondylar process fracture in three horses
Authors: Beldeanu Sabina , Tay M. C. Aaron , Daniel Carola , Dosi Miranda C. M. , Hahn Caroline N. , James Oliver , Townsend Neil B. , Liuti Tiziana , Schwarz Tobias , Parkinson Nicholas J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundFractures of the paracondylar process of the occipital bone may cause headshaking, neck pain and neurologic deficits. The condition is being recognised more frequently with increasing availability of computed tomography. However, to date only limited information is available as to presentation, treatment, surgical approach and outcome.ObjectivesTo describe the clinical signs, imaging findings, treatment, surgical approach and outcome in three horses diagnosed with paracondylar process fracture.Study designRetrospective case series.MethodsClinical records and diagnostic images of affected cases were reviewed.ResultsTwo cases had ventral nonunion fractures—one of these presented with neck pain, headshaking and behavioural changes, while in the other the fracture was a suspected incidental finding in a case of poor performance. A third case with a more dorsal fracture presented with acute facial nerve paralysis. Diagnosis was by computed tomography in all cases, although imaging of ventral fractures by radiography was found to be feasible. Where clinical signs could be associated confidently with the fracture, conservative management resulted in improvement but not complete resolution. Repeated recurrence of clinical signs after prolonged periods of remission necessitated surgical removal in one case, which was readily accomplished with the aid of ultrasound guidance, and led to rapid resolution of clinical signs without significant post‐operative complications. The surgical approach is described.Main limitationsLimited follow‐up was available.ConclusionsParacondylar process fracture should be considered as a differential diagnosis for headshaking, neck pain, poor performance and facial paresis, and is a justification for performing computed tomography in such cases. A multi‐disciplinary approach is beneficial due to the potential for orthopaedic, neurologic, ophthalmologic and behavioural clinical signs, with additional need for expertise in diagnostic imaging and pain management. Surgical fragment removal should be considered for ventral fractures.
Migraine heritability and beyond: A scoping review of twin studies
Authors: Olofsson Isa Amalie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis scoping review aimed to summarize current knowledge from twin studies on migraine. Migraine heritability, genetic correlations with migraine comorbid disorders, and the use of discordant twin pairs in migraine research are described. Further, the review considers the unused potential of twin studies in migraine research and reflects on future directions.BackgroundTwin studies can be used to understand how heritable and environmental factors influence human traits and disorders. The classical twin design compares the resemblance of a trait in monozygotic twins to that in dizygotic twins. The classical twin design can be extended to estimate the genetic correlation between disorders, model causality, and describe differences within discordant twin pairs.MethodsStudies focusing on migraine and using a twin study design were included. The search was performed on the PubMed‐MEDLINE database using the search terms “migraine” AND “twin” OR “twins.” It was done in May 2023, rerun in November 2023, and managed with the Covidence software.ResultsThe search identified 52 twin studies on migraine. In 24 papers, the heritability of migraine was estimated with a classical twin design. Heritability estimates ranged from 0.36 to 0.48 for studies with adults, both men and women, and unspecified migraine. Migraine heritability was predominantly estimated with twin cohorts of North European ancestry, and only two studies examined migraine subtypes. A multilevel classical twin design was used in 11 studies to examine the co‐occurrence between migraine and comorbid disorders. The differences within migraine discordant twin pairs were examined in nine studies.ConclusionThe heritability of migraine was estimated with a classical twin design in twin cohorts from seven different countries, with remarkably similar results across studies. Future studies should include migraine subtypes and twin cohorts of non‐North European ancestry to better reflect the global population. Beyond heritability estimations, the twin method is a valuable tool for understanding causality and describing differences within discordant twin pairs. Despite more than 80 years of twin studies in migraine research, the twin design has a large unused potential to advance our understanding of migraine.
Mapping the cited evidence of ductal carcinoma in situ from the 5th edition of the World Health Organisation classification of tumours of the breast
Authors: Wong Clarissa Jing Wen , Md Nasir Nur Diyana , Koh Valerie Cui Yun , Campbell Fiona , Fox Stephen , Lakhani Sunil R , Myles Nickolas , Yip George , Colling Richard , Cree Ian A , Lokuhetty Dilani , Tan Puay Hoon 
Published: July 2024

AimsDuctal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is recognised by the World Health Organisation (WHO) Classification of Tumours (WCT) as a non‐invasive neoplastic epithelial proliferation confined to the mammary ducts and lobules. This report categorises the references cited in the DCIS chapter of the 5th edition of the WCT (Breast Tumours) according to prevailing evidence levels for evidence‐based medicine and the Hierarchy of Evidence for Tumour Pathology (HETP), identifying potential gaps that can inform subsequent editions of the WCT for this tumour.Methods and resultsWe included all citations from the DCIS chapter of the WCT (Breast Tumours, 5th edition). Each citation was appraised according to its study design and evidence level. We developed our map of cited evidence, which is a graphical matrix of tumour type (column) and tumour descriptors (rows). Spheres were used to represent the evidence, with size and colour corresponding to their number and evidence level respectively. Thirty‐six publications were retrieved. The cited literature in the DCIS chapter comprised mainly case series and were regarded as low‐level. We found an unequal distribution of citations among tumour descriptors. ‘Pathogenesis’ and ‘prognosis and prediction’ contained the most references, while ‘clinical features’, ‘aetiology’ and ‘diagnostic molecular pathology’ had only a single citation each. ‘Prognosis and prediction’ had the greatest proportion of moderate‐ and high‐levels of evidence.ConclusionOur findings align with the disposition for observational studies inherent in the field of pathology. Our map is a springboard for future efforts in mapping all available evidence on DCIS, potentially augmenting the editorial process and future editions of WCTs.
Simultaneously enhanced ferroelectric and magnetic properties of SrTiO3‐modified Bi0.88Sm0.12FeO3 ceramics
Authors: Liu Juan , Sun Yu , Xiang Lilin , Sun TuLai , Yu Zilong , Cui Bing , Jin Chuangui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the present study, SrTiO3 was selected to enhance the multiferroic characteristics of Bi0.88Sm0.12FeO3 (BSF) ceramics. With increasing SrTiO3 content, the principal phase of BSF ceramic transitions from rhombohedral R3c to Pna21. Through DSC and dielectric analysis, it was observed that both the Curie temperature and Néel temperature decreased proportionally with the augmentation of SrTiO3 content. When x = .1, the optimal ferroelectric performance is achieved, and the highest remanent polarization value is 55.47 µC/cm2, significantly surpassing that of BSF ceramics. Moreover, the PFM test results showed that as the substitution content increased, the domains in the BSF ceramic gradually transformed from normal ferroelectric domains to polar nanomicro‐domains. Magnetic and magnetoelectric results show that when x = .1, the best magnetic properties are obtained, Mr = 59.7 emu/mol. The magnetoelectric coefficient αME initially increased and then decreased with the increasing SrTiO3 content, reaching its optimum magnetoelectric properties at x = .1, where αME = .47 mV cm–1 Oe–1. In summary, when the substitution amount of SrTiO3 reaches 10%, the ferroelectric, magnetic, and magnetoelectric properties of BSF ceramics are significantly improved.
Self‐defending mechanism of C/TaC‒SiC composites under 2100°C cyclic ablation environment
Authors: Tong Mingde , Shi Xinhao , Feng Tao , Dai Ying , He Pengfei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo achieve the repeatability of aerospace thermal components, C/TaC‒SiC composites were fabricated. Cycle ablation and bending tests were carried out. After 3 × 60 s of ablation beyond 2100°C, the mechanical property retention rate was 80.9%. Interestingly, a reaction similar to “ouroboros ring,” in which the cyclic reactions of “TaC being oxidized to Ta2O5 and Ta2O5 being reduced to TaC,” occurred in the central ablation region of C/TaC‒SiC composites. On the one hand, the continuous generation of TaC could prevent liquid state Ta2O5 from being blown off central ablation region, playing a similar role in “water and soil conservation.” On the other hand, liquid Ta2O5 covered the surface of C/TaC‒SiC composites during ablation process, contributing to block the inward permeation of oxidized gases. In addition, novel “Grotto” structures were detected in the transitional ablation region of C/TaC‒SiC composites. The formation reason of the “Grotto” structure has also been discussed.
The anti‐oxidation behavior of the Ti3SiC2/Cu composites at high temperatures
Authors: Zhang Rui , Zhang Huiming , Liu Fuyan , Ma Shuai 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Ti3SiC2/Cu composites were synthesized by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 950°C, 1000°C, and 1050°C, and the as‐formed composites were oxidized at 700°C, 800°C, and 900°C. The effects of the sintering temperature and the oxidation temperature on the anti‐oxidation of the composites at high temperatures were explored. The samples were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscope. The results indicated that the sintering temperature significantly improved the oxidation resistance of the composites. With the increase of the sintering temperature, the weight gain of the oxidation of the composites decreased and the optimum sintering temperature was 1050°C. At an identical sintering temperature, with the increase of the oxidation temperature, the weight gain of the oxidation of the composites first decreased and then it increased. Thus, when the oxidation temperature was 800°C, the composites exhibited an excellent oxidation resistance (oxidation weight gain: .0042 × 10−5 g/mm2). The anti‐oxidation behavior of the composites benefited by the formation of an oxide layer. The oxide layer was composed by TiO2, CuO, and amorphous SiO2.
An efficient method for quantitative analysis of the lipophilic rosemary extract applied in vegetable oils
Authors: Guo Mimi , Tang Huan , Li Xiujuan , Yang Liping , Xue Yalin , Duan Zhangqun 
Published: July 2024

SummaryRosemary extract (RE) is a natural antioxidant, which has been widely used for preservation of oils. The main lipophilic components of RE are carnosic acid (CA) and carnosol (CN). However, the reports on the method for determining CA and CN in vegetable oils are really rare. Herein, a highly efficient method for quantitative analysis of CA and CN in vegetable oils was developed. The vegetable oil samples were dissolved in n‐hexane saturated using acetonitrile and extracted with acetonitrile saturated using n‐hexane, followed by HPLC analysis using UV detector. Qualitative and quantitative determinations were performed by external standard method. Under the optimised conditions, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of CA were 0.11 μg mL−1 and 0.55 μg mL−1, respectively; LOD and LOQ of CN were 0.05 μg mL−1 and 0.20 μg mL−1, respectively. When the method was applied to determine CA and CN in vegetable oils spiked with standards, good recoveries (83.98% ~ 102.80% for CA and 98.29% ~ 114.74% for CN) and RSDs (0.61% ~ 7.36% for CA and 0.40% ~ 2.88% for CN, n = 2) were achieved. Accordingly, this work would efficiently identify and monitor lipophilic RE in vegetable oils, as this advanced method showed sensitive, quantitative, and reliable results suited for vegetable oils.
Significance of androgen‐deprivation therapy for intermediate‐ and high‐risk prostate cancer treated with high‐dose radiotherapy: A literature review
Authors: Aizawa Rihito , Ishikawa Hitoshi , Kato Manabu , Shimizu Shosei , Mizowaki Takashi , Kohjimoto Yasuo , Hinotsu Shiro , Hara Isao ,   the working group of the Japanese Urological Association Clinical Practice Guideline for Prostate Cancer 2023
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe real‐world benefits of adding androgen‐deprivation therapy (ADT) and its optimal duration when combined with current standard high‐dose radiation therapy (RT) remain unknown. We aimed to assess the efficacy of and toxicities associated with ADT in the setting of combination with high‐dose RT for intermediate‐risk (IR) and high‐risk (HR) prostate cancer (PCa). This article is a modified and detailed version of the commentary on Clinical Question 8 described in the Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Prostate Cancer (ver. 2023). A qualitative systematic review was performed according to the Minds Guide. All relevant published studies between September 2010 and August 2020, which assessed the outcomes of IR or HR PCa treated with high‐dose RT, were screened using two databases (PubMed and ICHUSHI). A total of 41 studies were included in this systematic review, mostly consisting of retrospective studies (N = 34). The evidence basically supports the benefit of adding ADT to high‐dose RT to improve tumor control. Regarding IR populations, many studies suggested the existence of a subgroup for which adding ADT had no impact on either overall survival or the BF‐free duration. On the other hand, regarding HR populations, several studies suggested the positive impact of adding ADT for ≥1 year on overall survival. Adding ADT increases not only the risk of sexual dysfunction but also that of cardiovascular toxicities or bone fracture. Although the benefit of adding ADT was basically suggested for both IR and HR populations, further investigations are warranted to identify subgroups of patients for whom ADT has no benefit, as well as the appropriate duration of ADT for those who do derive benefit.
High temperature oxidation regime transitions in hafnium carbide
Authors: Scott Jonathan A. , He Xiaoqing , Lipke David W. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the oxidation behavior of hafnium carbide is crucial to its application in extreme environments. In this work, the transition in high‐temperature oxidation kinetics regimes in hafnium carbide is explained based on phase equilibria considerations supported by observed changes in oxide scale microstructure evolution associated with different transformation pathways. Below, a composition‐dependent critical temperature and oxygen pressure, hafnium carbide first transforms to an amorphous material with nominal composition HfO2C followed by phase separation into carbon and hafnia domains. Subsequently, gaseous transport through a nanometric pore network formed by oxidative removal of phase‐separated carbon becomes rate‐limiting. Above this critical point, the oxidation sequence involves a direct transformation from hafnium carbide to hafnia and gaseous products, leading to dissimilar scale morphologies responsible for the reported transition from gaseous to solid‐state diffusion‐limited oxidation regimes at ultra‐high temperatures.
Patient participation—18 months of patient and staff perspectives in kidney care: A mixed methods study addressing the effects of facilitating staff person‐centredness
Authors: Hurtig Caroline , Årestedt Liselott , Uhlin Fredrik , Eldh Ann Catrine 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRationalePatient participation should encapsulate the individual's resources and needs, though such standards remain rationed for people living with a long‐term health concern like kidney failure.AimsTo illustrate what patient participation signified to patients and staff in kidney care, and whether an agreed or disagreed conceptualisation occurred over time, evaluating the influence of two study‐specific interventions to facilitate more person‐centred participation.MethodBy convergent mixed methods design across 9 units in Sweden, we repeated the following data collection at 3 time points over 18 months: semistructured interviews with patients and staff (n = 72), and structured reviews for accounts of participation in patient records (n = 240). Data were subjected to content analysis and descriptive statistics, respectively. The outcomes were appraised for changes over time besides the interventions to enhance attention to patients' participation: a clinical tool and guidance distributed to management, and additional local support, respectively.ResultsBoth patients and staff described patient participation as a comprehension of the disease and its management in everyday life. Yet, patients accentuated participation as one's experiences being recognised, and mutual knowledge exchange. Instead, staff emphasised the patients managing their treatment. The health records primarily represented what staff do to support their notion of patient participation. No influence of the interventions was noted, but what signified patient participation was maintained over time.ConclusionBoth patients and staff stress the importance of patient participation, although they focus on different elements. Further person‐centred conduct warrants a shared conceptualisation and strategies addressing and scaffolding patients' preferences and means.
Structural characterization and in vitro digestibility of rice starch processed with the combination of ultra‐high pressure homogenization, debranching, and temperature‐cycled crystallization
Authors: Sun Chengyi , Wang Caihong , Zhu Zhijie , Mei Liping , Hu Yuqing , He Zhaoxian , Du Xianfeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study examined the structural characterization and in vitro digestibility of rice starch processed with the combination of ultra‐high pressure homogenization (UHPH), debranching, and temperature‐cycled crystallization under various pressures (0–160 MPa). After UHPH treatment, the degree of branching (DB) of processed starches (0.65%–2.03%) was lower than that of the native rice starch (NS, 2.96%). Assessment of chain length distribution suggested that the considerable amylose was produced after treatments. Processed starches exhibited an irregular fragmented structure, and the crystalline structure was transformed from A‐type (native rice starch) into B + V‐type (processed starches). Moreover, the relative crystallinity (RC) and the absorbance ratio of 1047/1022 cm−1 (R1047/1022) of processed starches decreased from NS (RC, 22.99%; R1047/1022, 0.79) to 13.47%–18.21% (RC) and 0.51–0.78 (R1047/1022), respectively. Iodine binding curves revealed that processed starches possessed the higher degree of polymerization (DP). Furthermore, the contents of slowly digestible starch (SDS) and resistant starch (RS) increased in all processed starches, and the RS content of starch treated under 160 MPa (35.33%) was notably greater than that of native starch (9.37%). These results suggested that the UHPH can be used as a pretreatment strategy to reduce the digestibility of starch products.Practical applicationsUHPH pretreatment disrupts starch molecular chains to produce the large amounts of short linear amylose. Debranching followed by temperature‐cycled crystallization can increase the content of resistant starch (RS), yielding a raw material suitable for boosting the health of the digestive system and overall health. Therefore, UHPH pretreatment has a high application value in the field of starch modification.