bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platelet‐rich plasma and plasma rich in growth factors in extra‐oral wound care
Authors: Perussolo Jeniffer , Calciolari Elena , Dereka Xanthippi , Donos Nikolaos 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis narrative review evaluates the existing literature on the clinical efficacy and safety of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) and plasma rich in growth factors (PRGFs) in extra‐oral wound care, considering their potential benefits and drawbacks. The review specifically focuses on the impact of these treatments on patients' quality of life, pain management, treatment costs, recurrence rates, and potential complications. Given the extensive literature and diverse range of extra‐oral wound types in which these autologous platelet concentrates have been applied, this narrative review focuses on the most frequently described wound types, including diabetic foot ulcers, venous leg ulcers, pressure ulcers, surgical wounds, and burns. The use of PRP has been reported in various medical specialties, with a low risk of adverse events. While there is a growing interest in the use of PRGF with promising results, the available literature on this topic is still limited. Only a few studies evaluated patients' perception of the treatment and the relationship between treatment costs and clinical outcomes. Data on recurrence rates and complications also vary across studies. In conclusion, PRP and PRGF show promise as alternatives or as adjunctive therapies to conventional treatments for various extra‐oral wounds and ulcers, leading to reduced wound size and accelerated healing time but should be considered on a case‐by‐case basis, taking into account the type and severity of the wound.
Effects of 9 Weeks of High‐ or Moderate‐Intensity Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Inhibitory Control, and Plasma Brain‐Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Danish Adolescents—A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gejl Anne Kær , Bugge Anna , Ernst Martin Thomsen , Mortensen Erik Lykke , Gejl Kasper Degn , Andersen Lars Bo 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeThe primary aims of this study were to examine the effects of 9 weeks of aerobic training, comprising three 30‐min sessions per week, on V̇O2max, inhibitory control, and plasma brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels among adolescents aged 16–19 years.MethodsOne hundred twenty‐one untrained or recreationally active adolescents from a Danish high school were enrolled in the study, with 58 females (17.8 ± 0.8 years) and 27 males (18.0 ± 0.9 years) completing it. Participants were randomly divided into three groups performing aerobic training at either moderate‐intensity (MIT: 60%–70% heart rate reserve [HRR]) or high‐intensity (HIT: 80%–100% HRR) or a passive control group (CON) continuing their habitual lifestyle. Both the training groups exercised for 3×30 min per week for 9 weeks using a combination of cycling and running. Before and after the intervention period maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) and the primary outcomes (inhibitory control measured by a modified flanker task, and resting plasma levels of BDNF) were evaluated.ResultsAfter the intervention period, the HIT group demonstrated a larger increase in V̇O2max compared to both the CON and MIT groups, while no significant effects were observed on inhibitory control or plasma BDNF levels in any training group. However, compared to the CON group, the HIT group exhibited a tendency for greater improvement in the flanker interference score (accuracy), attributable to enhanced accuracy on the incongruent stimuli from pre to post.ConclusionAerobic training in adolescents increased cardiorespiratory fitness in an intensity‐dependent manner, but no clear effects were observed on neither inhibitory control nor resting plasma BDNF levels.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02075944.
Assessing Leg Blood Flow and Cardiac Output During Running Using Thermodilution
Authors: Leahy Michael G. , Thompson Kyle M. A. , Skattebo Øyvind , de Paz Jose A. , Martin‐Rincon Marcos , Garcia‐Gonzalez Eduardo , Galvan‐Alvarez Victor , Boushel Robert , Hallén Jostein , Burr Jamie F. , Calbet José A. L. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTCardiac output (Q̇C) and leg blood flow (Q̇LEG) can be measured simultaneously with high accuracy using transpulmonary and femoral vein thermodilution with a single‐bolus injection. The invasive measure has offered important insight into leg hemodynamics and blood flow distribution during exercise. Despite being the natural modality of exercise in humans, there has been no direct measure of Q̇LEG while running in humans. We sought to determine the feasibility of the thermodilution technique for measuring Q̇LEG and conductance during high‐intensity running, in an exploratory case study. A trained runner (30 years male) completed two maximal incremental tests on a cycle ergometer and motorized treadmill. Q̇LEG and Q̇C were determined using the single‐bolus thermodilution technique. Arterial and venous blood were sampled throughout exercise, with continuous monitoring of metabolism, intra‐arterial and venous pressure, and temperature. The participant reached a greater peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) during running relative to cycling (74 vs. 68 mL/kg/min) with comparable Q̇LEG (19.0 vs. 19.5 L/min) and Q̇C (27.4 vs. 26.2 L/min). Leg vascular conductance was greater during high‐intensity running relative to cycling (82 vs. 70 mL/min/mmHg @ ~80% V̇O2peak). The “beat phenomenon” was apparent in femoral flow while running, producing large gradients in conductance (62–90 mL/min/mmHg @ 70% V̇O2peak). In summary, we present the first direct measure of Q̇LEG and conductance in a running human. Our findings corroborate several assumptions about Q̇LEG during running compared with cycling. Importantly, we demonstrate that using thermodilution in running exercise can be completed effectively and safely.
As We Were and As We Should Be, Combined Exercise Training in Adults With Schizophrenia: CORTEX‐SP Study Part II
Authors: Tous‐Espelosin Mikel , Pavon Cristóbal , Elizagarate Edorta , Sampedro Agurne , Maldonado‐Martín Sara 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo determine the changes in health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and sleep quality following a supervised combined exercise (EX) program compared to a Treatment‐As‐Usual (TAU) and to analyze the relationship between the differences in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and HRQoL domains in people with schizophrenia (SZ).MethodsThe SZ (n = 112, 41.3 ± 10.4 year) was randomly assigned into a TAU control group (n = 53) or EX‐group (n = 59, 3 days/week). The 36‐item Short‐Form Health Survey questionnaire assessed HRQoL and the sleep quality analysis (accelerometry).ResultsAfter the intervention (20 weeks), physical functioning (∆ = 12.9%), general health (∆ = 15.3%), mental health (∆ = 8.3%), physical component summary (PCS) (∆ = 5.1%), and sleep efficiency (∆ = 1.9%) increased (p < 0.05) in the EX, with no significant changes in the TAU for any domains studied. There were significant differences between groups whose EX showed improvements (p < 0.05) compared to TAU in physical functioning, general health, PCS, and sleep efficiency. A greater CRF was associated with better values in physical functioning, role‐physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, and PCS after the exercise program in SZ.ConclusionsA 20‐week supervised combined exercise intervention program for SZ increased sleep efficiency and physical functioning, general and mental health, and PCS scores. This could lead to a critical HRQoL change from how they were to how they should be.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03509597
Are soil carbon credits empty promises? Shortcomings of current soil carbon quantification methodologies and improvement avenues
Authors: Dupla Xavier , Bonvin Emma , Deluz Cédric , Lugassy Léa , Verrecchia Eric , Baveye Philippe C. , Grand Stéphanie , Boivin Pascal 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs the consequences of climate change are looming large, agricultural soil carbon credits have emerged as an increasingly advocated lever to incentivize the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and promote carbon storing farming practices. These credits are exchanged on self‐regulated voluntary carbon markets, each of them using distinct protocols to assess the changes in soil carbon stocks and convert them into carbon credits. Although serious discrepancies between protocols have already been noted regarding general carbon credit accounting principles, an in‐depth evaluation of how changes in soil organic carbon stocks are calculated is still lacking. In this context, the primary objective of our study was to investigate how changes in soil organic carbon stock are estimated by the major carbon credit protocols worldwide. We evaluated the requirements of each protocol regarding the estimation of the initial SOC stock as well as the modelling and/or measurement of changes in stock with time. We found that existing protocols vary greatly in their scientific rigour. We showed in particular that some protocols do not require in situ soil analyses to estimate initial soil carbon stocks but rely on regional values, leading them to potentially overestimate these stocks by up to 2.5 times. Our study also found that the protocols relying on models require different farming practices and different levels of information for each practice to estimate SOC stock changes. The protocols relying, at least partly, on soil sampling also displayed different requirements for the sampling design, sampling tools, SOC analysis methods and SOC stock calculation methods. On this basis, we suggest reforms designed to improve and standardize the quantification of carbon stock changes in soils and to improve the reliability of soil carbon credits.
Prehospital transfusion of labile blood product using intraosseous perfusion with multi‐lumen extender: Why not?
Authors: Aloird J. , Bernard P. , Javaudin O. , Casse M. , Richez M. , Hitier J.‐B. , Sarda A. , Colleu F. , Boissier J. , Freiermuth J.‐P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundFrench prehospital military medical teams are provided with labile blood products to effectively address hemorrhagic shock. In combat environment, standard good medical practice may limit efficacy of therapeutic goals regarding damage control resuscitation.Study Design and MethodsWe present here a case report describing the management of a soldier heavily wounded during a helicopter forward medical evacuation in Sahel region.ResultsWe report the challenge encountered by medical team using only a humeral intraosseous route available due to severity of lesions and challenging environment. In this configuration, multi‐lumen extender enabled transfusion of two units of packed red blood cells and two units of plasma, and analgesia while limiting manipulation and dislodgment of the fragile intraosseous route.This situation, outside of usual good medical practice, raises issues of hemolysis, physicochemical compability of drugs and blood products, and consequences on flow rate reduction.DiscussionWith this case, we emphasize the benefit of multi‐lumen extender associated with intraosseous route for early management of heavy casualties in harsh prehospital environment. Literature suggests that hemolysis and physicochemical compability should remain limited. The main issue of this setting consists of flow reduction and can be addressed by prioritizing humeral route, and using counter pressure cuffs, until a second peripheral or central line is available and management can resume without the need for multi‐lumen extender.
The International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) Public Health Research Toolkit: A report from the Surveillance, Risk Assessment and Policy Sub‐group of the ISBT Transfusion Transmitted Infectious Diseases Working Party
Authors: Stanley Jean , Busch Michael P. , Erikstrup Christian , Galel Susan A. , Holmberg Jerry A. , Lewin Antoine , O'Brien Sheila F. , Osiowy Carla , Patidar Gopal , Russell W. Alton , Spencer Bryan R. , Higgs Connie ,   the Surveillance, Risk Assessment, Policy Sub‐group of the ISBT Transfusion Transmitted Infectious Diseases Working Party
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesData provided from blood donors have contributed to the understanding of public health epidemiology and policy decisions. A recent example was during the severe acute respiratory syndrome‐related coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2) pandemic when blood services monitored the seroprevalence in blood donors. Based on this experience, blood services have the opportunity to expand their role and participate in public health surveillance and research. The aim of this report is to share available resources to assist blood services in this area.Materials and MethodsThe Surveillance, Risk Assessment and Policy (SRAP) Sub‐group of the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) Transfusion Transmitted Infectious Diseases (TTID) Working Party developed a Public Health Research Toolkit to assist blood services and researchers interested in expanding their role in public health research.ResultsThe ISBT Public Health Research Toolkit provides resources for what blood services can offer to public health, examples of donor research studies, the utility of donor data and website links to public health agencies. The toolkit includes a customizable template for those interested in establishing and managing a biobank.ConclusionThe ISBT Public Health Research Toolkit includes resources to increase the recognition of the role blood donors can play in public health and to help blood services gain commitment and funding from various agencies for new research and surveillance.
Orthoflavivirus surveillance in the Netherlands: Insights from a serosurvey in horses & dogs and a questionnaire among horse owners
Authors: Streng Kiki , Hakze‐van der Honing Renate W. , Graham Heather , van Oort Sophie , de Best Pauline A. , Abourashed Ayat , van der Poel Wim H. M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsZoonotic arboviruses (arthropod‐borne) of the Orthoflavivirus genus, such as West Nile virus (WNV), Usutu virus (USUV) and Tick‐borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), are emerging in Northwestern Europe and pose a threat to both human and animal health. In the Netherlands, passive symptomatic surveillance (notification of clinical cases) in horses is one of the main pillars for the early detection of WNV. For such passive surveillance to work properly, horse owners and veterinarians need to recognize symptoms and report suspected cases to the authorities. Currently, little is known about the seroprevalence of orthoflaviviruses in domestic animals in the Netherlands. Therefore, this study aims at identifying the seroprevalence of WNV and USUV in horses and dogs in the Netherlands. Additionally, this study seeks to evaluate the knowledge and perceptions of Dutch horse owners towards mosquito‐borne viruses.Methods and ResultsA cross‐sectional serosurvey in horses and dogs was conducted between May 2021 and May 2022. Serum samples were screened using an ELISA and doubtful and positive samples were confirmed by Virus Neutralization Tests for WNV, USUV and TBEV. A validated questionnaire, the MosquitoWise survey, was used to assess the knowledge and perceptions of Dutch horse owners towards mosquito‐borne viruses between July and October 2022. The serosurvey revealed a low seroprevalence for WNV in horses and no WNV‐positive dogs were found. Similarly, a low USUV seroprevalence was found in dogs. The MosquitoWise survey revealed a high knowledge level for horse owners and high awareness of WNV vaccination but a more limited intent to vaccinate.ConclusionsThe low seroprevalences of WNV and USUV indicate many dogs and horses remain susceptible, offering opportunities for trend analysis and surveillance. However, despite multiple recent detections of WNV, USUV, and TBEV in humans, the role of dogs and horses in early detection of human cases is debatable. High awareness among horse owners and the absence of detected equine WNV cases highlight this uncertainty. Continued surveillance is crucial for detecting increased virus circulation and protecting both animal and human health.
Acute intermittent hypoxia increases maximal motor unit discharge rates in people with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury
Authors: Pearcey Gregory E. P. , Afsharipour Babak , Holobar Aleš , Sandhu Milap S. , Rymer W. Zev 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAcute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) is an emerging technique for enhancing neuroplasticity and motor function in respiratory and limb musculature. Thus far, AIH‐induced improvements in strength have been reported for upper and lower limb muscles after chronic incomplete cervical spinal cord injury (iSCI), but the underlying mechanisms have been elusive. We used high‐density surface EMG (HDsEMG) to determine if motor unit discharge behaviour is altered after 15 × 60 s exposures to 9% inspired oxygen, interspersed with 21% inspired oxygen (AIH), compared to breathing only 21% air (SHAM). We recorded HDsEMG from the biceps and triceps brachii of seven individuals with iSCI during maximal elbow flexion and extension contractions, and motor unit spike trains were identified using convolutive blind source separation. After AIH, elbow flexion and extension torque increased by 54% and 59% from baseline (P = 0.003), respectively, whereas there was no change after SHAM. Across muscles, motor unit discharge rates increased by ∼4 pulses per second (P = 0.002) during maximal efforts, from before to after AIH. These results suggest that excitability and/or activation of spinal motoneurons is augmented after AIH, providing a mechanism to explain AIH‐induced increases in voluntary strength. Pending validation, AIH may be helpful in conjunction with other therapies to enhance rehabilitation outcomes after incomplete spinal cord injury, due to these enhancements in motor unit function and strength.
imageKey points
Acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) causes increases in muscular strength and neuroplasticity in people living with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI), but how it affects motor unit discharge rates is unknown.
Motor unit spike times were identified from high‐density surface electromyograms during maximal voluntary contractions and tracked from before to after AIH.
Motor unit discharge rates were increased following AIH.
These findings suggest that AIH can facilitate motoneuron function in people with incomplete SCI.
Effects of Fines Migration and Reservoir Heterogeneity on Well Productivity: Analytical Model and Field Cases
Authors: Russell T. , Nguyen C. , Loi G. , Mohd Shafian S. R. , Zulkifli N. N. , Zeinijahromi A. , Bedrikovetsky P. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Formation damage due to fines migration after water breakthrough during oil and gas production results in significant well productivity decline. A recent study derived an analytical model for fines migration during commingled water–oil production in homogeneous reservoirs. Yet, reservoir heterogeneity highly affects formation damage and well productivity. This article develops an analytical model for layer-cake reservoirs. We develop a novel methodology for characterizing productivity decline by considering the impedance as a function of water-cut, two quantities that are commonly measured throughout the production life of the well. The methodology is based on a new analytical model for inflow performance in layer-cake reservoirs under fines migration. The new model integrates pseudo-phase-permeability functions for commingled water–oil production with equations for fines release and induced permeability damage. The analytical model reveals linear well impedance growth versus water-cut increase, where the slope is determined by a modified form of the mobility ratio which includes the extent of formation damage. This linear form is shown to arise when the formation damage factor is constant, regardless of the distribution of reservoir permeabilities. The model is validated by comparison with production histories of five wells from three fields, which exhibit good agreement with the linear trend predicted by the new model. The explicit formulae allows for the prediction of productivity at abandonment, determining the optimal well stimulation time, as well as reconstructing skin values during the early stages of production to better estimate the influences of other formation damage factors, like those induced during drilling and completion.
A Proposed Method and Case Study of Waste Heat Recovery in an Industrial Application
Authors: Wechs Nikolaus , Floss Alexander G. , Tiller Dale K. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Waste heat recovered from a refrigeration machine is associated with the double benefit of generating cold and heat with just one unit. Additional energy is required in most cases to achieve these benefits. To evaluate the efficiency of waste heat recovery, two novel efficiency indicators are described. The overhead coefficient of performance (OCOP) describes additional electrical power required to raise the temperature to make waste heat usable. The coefficient of savings describes power reduction when condenser heat is fed into a cold district heating network instead of exhausting it to high-temperature outside air. Results are reported from a case study in a food logistic center with high cooling demand in Isny, Germany. Waste heat at this facility was previously released unused to outside air. We describe how this waste heat can be used to supply sustainable heat supply to a new residential area. During the design phase, it is difficult to choose the best operating temperature for district heating networks (DHNs). The novel indicators are used to value the effort to make waste heat usable. Whereas a supply temperature of 20 °C has no disadvantages for the operator, a supply temperature of 40 °C is associated with an increase in electricity consumption. The resulting OCOPs are above 5.0 even under unfavorable conditions and exceed the theoretically calculated (Holm and Pehnt, 2023, Wärmeschutz und Wärmepumpe-Warum Beides Zusammengehört, Forschungsinstitut für Wärmeschutz e.V., Institut für Energie und Umweltforschung, München/Berlin/Heidelberg, p, 13, 14; Agora Energiewende, Fraunhofer IEG, 2023, Roll-out von Großwärmepumpen in Deutschland, Strategien für den Markthochlauf in Wärmenetzen und Industrie, Berlin) and measured (Fraunhofer Institut für Solare Energiesysteme, 2020, “Wärmepumpen in Bestandsgebäuden, Ergebnisse aus dem Forschungsprojekt, WP-Smart im Bestand.”) coefficients of performance (COPs) for air-sourced heat pumps. Although using waste heat is not free, it is beneficial when overall efficiency is considered.