bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of lateral misalignment loss and total insertion loss with beam waist control in high contrast single mode coupling fibers
Authors: Prabu Ramachandran Thandaiah , Thillaigovindan Annalakshmi , Pandian Manimaraboopathy Maruthu , Elangovan Muthu Kumaran , Dorairajan Nithya , Chandrasekaran Karthikeyan , Hossam Zain Wafaa Fahim 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper has illustrated the management of lateral misalignment loss and total insertion loss with beam waist control in high contrast single mode coupling fibers. The beam waist variations are clarified versus the fiber coupler wavelength and coupling length variations for the silica glass/fluoride glass fiber coupler with the optimum incident beam angle of 60°. Besides, the coupling loss is demonstrated against the fiber coupler wavelength and coupling length variations for the silica glass/fluoride glass fiber coupler with the optimum incident beam angle of 60°. The optimum beam waist and optimum coupling loss are deeply studied against the fiber coupler core radius variations for the silica/fluoride glass fiber coupler with the optimum incident beam angle of 60° and wavelength of 1,550 nm.
Rediscovery of the Bavarian pine vole (Microtus bavaricus) in Germany
Authors: Stille David , Rudolph Bernd-Ulrich , Ripperger Simon Peter 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We report the rediscovery of Microtus bavaricus in Germany, a small mammal that had not been recorded here in more than 60 years. Between 2012 and 2014, a citizen science project addressed cat owners and farmers to collect rodents killed by cats and traps. Until 2017, we conducted 3,432 live trap nights to rediscover the species in and around the area of its discovery. However, only a three-step approach (screening large areas for the occurrence of pine voles using camera trapping, live trapping for collecting genetic material, DNA-barcoding) allowed for the rediscovery of this elusive species near Mittenwald in 2023.
Language politics and prestige in The Walled City: an exploratory study of the linguistic landscape of Intramuros, Manila
Authors: Manalastas Nicko Enrique Lanuzo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Tupas and Lorente (2014. A ‘new’ politics of language in the Philippines: Bilingual education and the new challenge of the mother tongues. In Peter Sercombe & Ruanni Tupas (eds.), Language, education and nation-building: Assimilation and shift in Southeast Asia, 165–180. New York: Springer) contended that “the politics of language in the Philippines always featured the tension between English on the one hand and the vernacular languages on the other.” But how exactly does this language dynamic manifest itself in the linguistic landscapes (LL) of the Philippines? To explore this question, this paper conducted an exploratory LL analysis of Intramuros, the famed “Walled City” of Manila, using Scollon and Scollon’s (2003. Discourses in place: Language in the material world. London: Routledge) place semiotics and Ben-Rafael et al.’s (2006. Linguistic landscape as symbolic construction of the public space: The case of Israel. International Journal of Multilingualism 3(1). 7–30) top-down and bottom-up sign classification. It found that English-based signs are used to accommodate a global audience, i.e., foreign tourists, whereas Filipino-based signs are used to police and regulate the behavior of residents and, to a certain extent, local tourists. To conclude, it argued that by looking at its linguistic landscape, historical districts like Intramuros articulate beliefs and assumptions on language that, in turn, make them deeply political and ideological sites.
Obsolete Pasts? Globalization as an Analytical Prism in Vincenzo Formaleoni’s History of the Black Sea (1788–89)
Authors: Boucher Lucile 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
It is not a surprise that, in times when beliefs about the cost-free benefits of infinite economic growth are urgently discussed, we find ourselves tempted to look back at the times when it emerged as a desirable future for the planet. This essay proposes an analysis of the Storia filosofica e politica della navigazione, del commercio e delle colonie degli antichi nel Mar Nero (Venice, 2 vols., 1788–89) written by Venetian polygrapher Vincenzo Formaleoni, who, urging the Venetians to regain their glorious trade in the Black Sea, revisited several centuries of ancient history. Building on Formaleoni’s reflection, I show that the increasingly global extension of commercial exchanges experienced in the 18th century reshaped contemporary ways to narrate the past, comprehend the present and conceive the future, a future which increasingly appeared as inescapably global. I argue that, beyond different economic doctrines, 18th-century historical narratives produced a vision where the history of humankind was essentially appreciated through an economic gaze – a sense of history that still prevails today.
Treating Brown Inks: Investigation into the Effects of Aqueous Treatment Methods on the Colour Stability of Bister, Sepia, Iron Gall and Logwood Inks
Authors: Weber Julia , Tsukada Masahiko , Pretzel Boris 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The effects of selected conservation treatments on brown inks have been investigated using inks prepared following historic recipes and applied to pure cellulose paper. Tests were carried out on both freshly prepared and on artificially preaged samples to enable the evaluation of the effects of ageing phenomena on the colour stability of the inks. The behaviour of the inks was studied by observation of changes occurring during treatment, accompanied by colorimetric measurements before and after the treatments. The goal of this study was to assess the risks posed to objects containing such inks by the selected treatments and to facilitate the design of safe treatment strategies for such objects.
II. Zur Dialektik von Recht und Ritus
Authors: Neuheuser Hanns Peter 
Published: July 2024

Summary
In public worships of the middle ages the communicative structures come into closer consideration when a ritual act is of relevance to the theology of the sacraments or to juridical implications. In these cases the spoken language seems to be of eminent importance, because the ritual initializes, strengthens or blesses (or cancels) a canonical status. Both a sacral language and a metaphorical text can create misunderstandings or errors. So interests and intentions have to be investigated in an examination or in the form of a dialogue, when ‘Amen’ as a simply answer is not sufficient. The dialogue during the ritual of baptism here is used as an example.
VIII. Vereine und Religionsgesellschaften als Formen der Dissidenz: Die konfessionelle und politische Auseinandersetzung um die ‚Lichtfreunde‘
Authors: Stamm-Kuhlmann Thomas 
Published: July 2024

Summary
In the period of political repression up to the revolution of 1848–1849, private societies (Vereine) functioned as a surrogate for public life. The Gustav-Adolf-Verein, created to support diaspora communities, united protestants of different convictions, including clergy and believers who considered the traditional structures of the Prussian church insufficient to answer the needs of modern society. Among them were rationalists deemed heretics by King Friedrich Wilhelm IV. By means of his Patent of Toleration issued in 1847, the king attempted to squeeze the rationalists, called ‘Lichtfreunde’, out of his church, arguing that they were free to form new congregations (freie Gemeinden). Their training in public debate made several of the rationalist clergymen obvious candidates for the parliamentary bodies that came into life during the revolution of 1848–1849. Most of them were considered to be “democrats”.
DELINEAMENTO EXPERIMENTAL DE FOTOPROTETOR FÍSICO (TiO2), OBTIDO PELO MÉTODO DE EMULSIFICAÇÃO ESPONTÂNEA, COM ASPECTO TRANSPARENTE À PELE
Authors: Ternouski Maria Catarina , Soares Martins Marcos Vinícius , Rickli Fiuza Martins Hilana , Brustolins Ludwig Daniel , Mendes Paz Chao Barbara , Camargo Luciana 
Published: July 2024

Os efeitos da radiação ultravioleta (UVR) na pele, são influenciados pela intensidade da fonte, tempo de exposição, comprimento de onda da UVR e pigmentação da pele. A radiação solar UVA, UVB atingem a superfície terrestre, sendo crucial para a produção de pré-vitamina D3 na pele humana. Exposição solar pode levar a eritema e queimaduras solares (UVB) e fotoenvelhecimento (UVA), além de aumentar o risco de câncer de pele, reconhecido como agente cancerígeno pela IARC.Os tumores malignos de pele, incluindo melanoma, carcinoma basocelular e espinocelular, são associados principalmente à exposição à radiação UV. Os casos de melanoma aumentaram significativamente de 1975 a 2016, indicando a importância da prevenção.Protetores solares são ferramentas fundamentais para evitar danos causados pela radiação UV. Existem dois tipos: químicos e físicos. Os químicos absorvem a energia UV, enquanto os físicos refletem ou dispersam a radiação. No entanto, os bloqueadores químicos têm sido associados a preocupações ambientais e de saúde, incluindo toxicidade para os corais e suspeitas de desregulação endócrina e carcinogenicidade. Foram obtidas pelo método de emulsificação espontânea seis formulações (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5 e F6) de protetor solar físico usando dióxido de titânio micronizado, apresentando-se a F5 como a formulação mais estável. A F5, apresentou-se transparente na pele. A caracterização mostrou um diâmetro médio de partícula de 273 ± 4,89nm e índice de polidispersão 0,25 ± 0,12, demonstrando homogeneidade na formulação e capacidade reduzida de agregação. A avaliação do fator de proteção solar (FPS) in vitro revelou valor de FPS - 28, considerado elevado para reflexão da radiação UV, atribuído à presença de partículas inorgânicas refletivas e à menor concentração de dióxido de titânio.
Leveraging real-time PCR for early diagnosis of respiratory conditions in the Indian pediatric population
Authors: Nandagopal Murugan , Kalyankumar Venugopal , Deepa Murugesan , Chirayu Padhiar 
Published: July 2024

Background: Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) caused by various viruses and microbial agents present clinical challenges due to their diverse presentations. This retrospective study aimed to identify epidemiological trends and clinical characteristics of RTIs in pediatric populations using molecular diagnosis.
Methods: The study cohort comprised 100 paediatric individuals, predominantly male (70%) compared to female (30%), distributed across different age brackets. Real Time PCR targeting 32 microbial pathogens includes bacteria (15) and viruses (17).
Results: The majority of participants were aged 1 to 12 months (38%), followed by 1 to 3 years (29%), and 3 to 10 years (25%), with the smallest group being infants under 1 month (8%). A total of 134 pathogens were detected in 100 patients, with a higher prevalence in males (80%) compared to females (20%). Human respiratory syncytial viruses A and B were the most common, with 17 cases in males and 5 in females. Klebsiella pneumonia followed, with 19 cases in males and 5 in females. Influenza A and B viruses were also notable, with 7 and 9 cases in males, and 4 and 7 cases in females, respectively. Other significant microbes included human parainfluenza virus 3, human adenovirus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Notably, SARS-CoV-2 and Acinetobacter baumannii were not detected in either gender during the study period.
Conclusions: Our study shows that nucleic acid-based tests, especially multiplex PCR, effectively detect respiratory viruses in pediatric RTI patients, reducing inappropriate antibacterial use and mortality/morbidity.
Silent Meckel’s diverticulum in an acute abdomen of adolescence
Authors: Umapathy Pasupathy , Madhu  , Kumar Dinesh , Umaserma  , Francis Litha 
Published: July 2024

Meckel's diverticulum is common congenital abnormality which is common in less than 2 years of age, mostly asymptomatic and may complications such as intestinal blockage, gastrointestinal bleeding, and perforation. It may rarely present as gangrenous Meckel’s diverticulum. A 13-year-old child brought with complaint abdominal pain for a month and abdominal distention, vomiting, fever for two days. No history of bleeding per rectum. On clinical examination, child febrile with tenderness in the lower abdomen and guarding in the right iliac fossa. Blood workup was normal. A CECT scan of whole abdomen revealed an enlarged appendix filled with fluid, and possible perforation tip of appendix. The imaging findings indicated a possible case of acute appendicitis, with signs of perforation and the presence of an abscess or collection near the appendix. The child underwent a laparoscopic appendectomy. Intraoperatively, it was found that the appendix was inflamed and had adhesions to the small bowel, abdominal wall, sigmoid colon, and urinary bladder. A bowel walk revealed dilated loops of the small bowel, and approximately three feet from the junction of the small and large intestines, a gangrenous Meckel's diverticulum was found. Consequently, a laparoscopic-assisted Meckel's resection and ileoileal anastomosis were performed. After surgical procedure, child improved symptomatically. Diverticulitis has multi facet clinical presentation and it can also occur along with other gastrointestinal conditions. Hence approaching any gastrointestinal condition, also should have suspicion on diverticulitis to avoid the complications of diverticulitis.
Comparative evaluation of bone density (in Hounsfield units) of potential implant sites in the edentulous mandibular first molar region in young adults and elderly male patients using cone beam computed tomography: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Khairnar Kalyani , Bhadage Chetan , Bhoosreddy Ajay , Barve Madhura 
Published: July 2024

: Previous literature has highlighted a significant difference in bone density between male and female patients; however, comparative data are scarce regarding bone density among younger and elderly male patients.: To measure the difference in bone density at the center and periphery of potential implant sites in the edentulous mandibular first molar region in young and elderly adult male patients.: Scans fulfilling the inclusion criteria will be divided into Group A (30–40 years) and Group B (50–60 years). The customized software measured and compared bone density at the potential implant site's center and periphery.: A total of 90 CBCT scans were equally divided into two groups. The mean density of both groups was compared on center (P 0.787), on the lingual aspect at 2mm (P 0.310), 4mm (P 0.291), and buccal aspect at 2mm (P 0.223) and 4mm (P 0.291). The difference in bone density in both groups at different positions of potential implant sites was statistically insignificant.: In males, age was not associated with bone density for the edentulous mandibular bone of the mandibular first molar site.
Brazilian cooperatives and the 2030 Agenda
Authors: Barden Júlia Elisabete , Sindelar Fernanda Cristina Wiebusch , Cyrne Carlos Cândido da Silva , Bersch Gabriel Arthur 
Published: July 2024

This study aims to analyze the initiatives taken during the Cooperation Day («C Day»), of Brazilian cooperatives and their contributions to the fulfillment of the 2030 Agenda. To this end, actions developed by Brazilian cooperatives in reference to the C Day related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), made available by the National Cooperative Learning Service (SESCOOP), were analyzed. Activities performed during the 2017 to 2020 period were analyzed. Results show the contributions of Brazilian cooperatives to the fulfillment of the SDGs. under analysis increased over time, although it is possible to observe disparities in the execution of the program in regional terms, in terms of the branches of activities involved, the impacted SDGs, and the dimensions met (economic, social, environmental or institutional).
Recibido: 29 agosto 2023 Aceptado: 26 junio 2024
Los principios cooperativos, su relatividad y su discutido valor como fuentes del derecho
Authors: Vargas Vasserot Carlos 
Published: July 2024

El trabajo trata del origen y evolución de los siete principios cooperativos de la Alianza Cooperativa Internacional y de su valor o no como fuente del Derecho nacional, retomando la clásica discusión del valor jurídico que realmente tienen. Para comprobar si estos principios vinculan a los legisladores, si les sirven como simples guías o si han quedado en un mero decálogo de buenas intenciones sin gran valor jurídico, se realiza una investigación del especifico reflejo normativo que ha tenido cada uno de ellos en el Derecho positivo. Respecto al Derecho español, se analiza cómo la legislación de cooperativas histórica y la actual han recepcionado los distintos principios cooperativos y como su reconocimiento varía mucho entre unas leyes autonómicas y otras. También se analiza el diferente tratamiento legal que han tenido los principios cooperativos en distintos ordenamientos de Derecho comparado, que da como resultado una gran falta de homogeneidad de sus regulaciones que demuestra la relatividad temporal y espacial de estos principios.
Recibido: 20 noviembre 2023 Aceptado: 04 julio 2024
The time-varying impact of US monetary policy spillovers on small open economies: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Danladi Saba Ndayezhin , Sanusi Aliyu Rafindadi 
Published: July 2024

This study examines the impact of the US monetary policy spillover on Indonesia’s macroeconomic and financial variables using quarterly data for the period 2000–2020 for both domestic and US variables. The study uses a Bayesian form of a time-varying parameter (TVP) vector autoregressive (VAR) model with stochastic volatility to look at how real GDP, inflation, the exchange rate, the stock market return, and the monetary policy rate react to a shock in US monetary policy. We find that US monetary policy spillovers, on average, boost Indonesia’s real GDP, stock market returns, and bilateral exchange rate vis a vis the US Dollar but also trigger domestic inflation beyond what Indonesia’s policy reaction could counteract. However, there are significant differences between the variables' responses to easing and tightening shocks, on the one hand, and conventional vs. unconventional monetary policy, on the other. Finally, we found substantial time variation corresponding to major global events, including the Global Financial Crisis and implementation of unconventional monetary policy, the taper tantrum of 2013–2014, and the severe lockdown in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019–2020. These findings underscore the importance for policymakers in Indonesia to closely monitor and anticipate the impact of US monetary policy spillovers on domestic macroeconomic variables. This knowledge can inform more effective policy responses and risk management strategies to safeguard economic stability and promote sustainable growth.
Slope Osteotomies in the Setting of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficiency
Authors: Kayaalp Mahmut Enes , Winkler Philipp , Zsidai Balint , Lucidi Gian Andrea , Runer Armin , Lott Ariana , Hughes Jonathan D. , Musahl Volker 
Published: July 2024

➤ Posterior tibial slope (PTS) of ≥12° represents an important risk factor for both anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and ACL reconstruction failure.➤ PTS measurements can significantly differ on the basis of the imaging modality and the measurement technique used. PTS should be measured on strictly lateral radiographs, with a recommended proximal tibial length of 15 cm in the image. The PTS measurement can be made by placing 2 circles to define the proximal tibial axis, 1 just below the tibial tubercle and another 10 cm below it. PTS measurements are underestimated when made on magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography.➤ Slope-reducing osteotomies can be performed using a (1) supratuberosity, (2) tubercle-reflecting transtuberosity, or (3) infratuberosity method. The correction target remains a topic of debate. Although it is controversial, some authors recommend overcorrecting the tibial slope slightly to a range of 4° to 6°. For instance, if the initial slope is 12°, a correction of 6° to 8° should be performed, given the target tibial slope of 4° to 6°.➤ Clinical outcomes following slope-reducing osteotomies have been favorable. However, potential complications, limited data with regard to the impact of slope-reducing osteotomies on osteoarthritis, and uncertainty with regard to the effects on the patellofemoral joint are notable concerns.➤ Patients with complex deformities may need biplanar osteotomies to comprehensively address the condition.
Multiple mutations in polyketide synthase led to disruption of Psittacofulvin production across diverse parrot species
Authors: Abdu Uri , Roy Shatadru Ghosh , Brejcha Jindřich , Maršík Petr , Bakhrat Anna , Abdu Moty , Arbore Roberto , Araújo Pedro , Afonso Sandra , Carneiro Miguel , Grossman-Haham Iris 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Polyketide synthases (PKSs) are crucial multidomain enzymes in diverse natural product biosynthesis. Parrots use a type I PKS to produce a unique pigment called psittacofulvin in their feathers. In domesticated budgerigars and lovebirds, the same amino acid substitution (R644W) within malonyl/acetyltransferase (MAT) domain of this enzyme has been shown to cause the blue phenotype with no psittacofulvin pigmentation, proposing a strong evolutionary constraint mechanism. Here, we identified six new causal variants in PKS associated with defective psittacofulvin production in four diverse species, including three nonsense mutations. Remaining three nonsynonymous substitutions reside within the ketoacyl synthase (KS) domain. Heterologous expression of these PKS variants in yeast confirmed complete or reduced loss of psittacofulvin production, additionally suggesting presence of an auxiliary polymorphism at the MAT domain. Our findings establish PKS as a functionally conserved key-enzyme determining psittacofulvin-based hues among diverse parrots, highlighting multiple conserved domains essential for the PKS function.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography based prognostic factors and visual outcomes in primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after pars plana vitrectomy
Authors: Torres-Costa Sónia , Ribeiro Margarida , Tavares-Correia João , Godinho Gonçalo , Alves-Faria Pedro , Falcão Manuel , Sousa Amândio Rocha 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the visual outcomes and changes in the retinal microcirculation in patients with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) following successful pars plana vitrectomy (PPV).
Methods
Nine macula-on RRD and 23 macula-off RRD eyes were retrospectively evaluated. Clinical data was collected at admission and 3 months after PPV. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was performed 3 months after PPV. Superficial vascular plexus data obtained with OCTA was compared between affected and fellow eyes and according to macular involvement. Quantitative measurements of the superficial retinal capillary associated with the preoperative and intraoperative factors were analyzed.
Results
Overall RRD inner vessel densities (IVD), full vessel densities (FVD), inner perfusion densities (IPD) and full perfusion densities (FPD) were significantly and positively correlated with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA)(p = 0.002, p = 0.006, p = 0.009, p = 0.023, respectively). In the macula-off RRD, IVD and FVD were significantly decreased compared to macula-on RRD (p = 0.014 and p = 0.034, respectively) and significantly correlated with a longer duration and larger extension of detachment. Higher differences of IVD and FVD between the fellow and affected eyes were significantly correlated with worse BCVA in the macula-off subgroup.
Conclusion
Macula-off RRD presented worse OCTA superficial vascular parameters compared to the macula-on group and fellow eyes, which were correlated with a poorer visual outcome and exacerbated by a longer duration and larger extension of the detachment. Macula-off RRD causes not only retinal structural damage but also a reduction in retinal perfusion despite successful anatomical repair.