bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Value of Clinical Cervical Spine Tests in Patients With Cervicogenic Somatic Tinnitus
Authors: Michiels Sarah , Van de Heyning Paul , Truijen Steven , De Hertogh Willem 
Published: June 2015

Background
Tinnitus can be related to many different etiologies, such as hearing loss or a noise trauma, but it also can be related to the somatosensory system of the cervical spine. The diagnosis of cervicogenic somatic tinnitus (CST) is made when the predominant feature is the temporal coincidence of appearance or increase of both neck pain and tinnitus.

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of clinical cervical spine tests in people with CST.

Design
A cross-sectional study was conducted.

Setting
The study was conducted at a tertiary referral center.

Patients
Consecutive adult patients with chronic subjective nonpulsatile tinnitus were included. Exclusion criteria were vertigo, Ménière disease, middle ear pathology, intracranial pathology, cervical spine surgery, whiplash trauma, and temporomandibular dysfunction.

Measurements
A full ear, nose, and throat examination was conducted to classify patients into CST and non-CST groups. The physical therapist examination included completion of the Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire (NBQ) and the following clinical cervical spine tests: manual rotation test, adapted Spurling test (AST), trigger point tests, and tests for strength and endurance of the deep neck flexors.

Results
Eighty-seven patients with tinnitus were included, of whom 37 (43%) were diagnosed with CST. The diagnosis of CST becomes less likely with NBQ scores of &lt;14 points (sensitivity of 80%, likelihood ratio [LR] of 0.3, and posttest probability of 19%). Absence of trigger points corresponded to an LR of 0.3, a sensitivity of 82%, and a posttest probability of 22%. A positive manual rotation test and AST indicate a higher probability of CST (LR of 5, specificity of 90%, and posttest probability of 78%).

Limitations
A limited number of clinical cervical spine tests were used in this study. Although tests with good validity and reliability were included, additional tests could provide more information on cervical spine dysfunction in patients with CST.

Conclusions
Clinical cervical spine tests can support the diagnostic process for CST. An NBQ score of &lt;14 points and the absence of trigger points can help to exclude CST. In contrast, a positive manual rotation test and AST can help to include CST. In future studies, these tests should be included in a multidisciplinary assessment of patients with suspected CST.
La mystique et l’institution : les ressources de la spiritualité jésuite
Authors: Lu Jin 
Published: June 2015

Les références intellectuelles dont se revendique le pape François rassemblent la littérature et la mystique, notamment à travers l’œuvre de Michel de Certeau. Mais que nous disent-elles de sa manière de voir l’avenir de l’Église dont il a la charge ? Une pensée « ouverte » pour une Église « en chemin » : une telle ligne de conduite permettra-t-elle de surmonter des blocages actuels, comme ceux qui opposent la Chine au Vatican ?
Bitcoin : bulle ou révolution ?
Authors: Durana Gabrielle 
Published: June 2015

Échapper aux banques : une utopie qui a retrouvé de sa vigueur au lendemain de la crise des subprime et a donné naissance au « bitcoin », une monnaie numérique sur laquelle ont très vite commencé les spéculations, financières et autres. Mais quelle est la portée réelle de cette invention ?
Les enfants-loups de Lituanie
Authors: Demeure Brigitte 
Published: June 2015

Les enfants-loups sont les milliers d’enfants allemands de Prusse orientale qui ont fui et erré en Lituanie de 1945 à 1948. Ils ont tout perdu : famille, patrie, langue maternelle et jusqu’à leur nom. Il leur était interdit de parler de ce qui leur était arrivé et ce n’est qu’à partir de 1991 que l’omerta a cessé. Ils constituent alors l’association « Edelweiss ». Comment ont-ils fait pour survire à cette tragédie ? Sur quelle base a été créé ce grand groupe Edelweiss, avec quels effets de répétition ? Les outils conceptuels développés par V. Volkan permettent de contribuer à éclaircir ces questions.
La mutualité traumatique Une figure de la traversée du cancer lors de l’enfance
Authors: Araneda Marco 
Published: June 2015

Cet article définit et analyse la notion de « mutualité traumatique » dans le contexte de l’onco-hématologie pédiatrique. L’auteur cherche à comprendre la coexistence et la persistance, chez des enfants ayant traversé un cancer, d’un ensemble d’états émotionnels liés aux différents moments de l’épreuve somatique. Il analyse comment cette diversité se déploie dans cette clinique singulière, mais se retrouve aussi dans d’autres cliniques de l’extrême. Enfin, il s’agit d’explorer la fonction de ce phénomène en tant que résistance contre les changements identitaires déclenchés par la maladie.
Impact of extrafloral nectar availability and plant genotype on ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) visitation to quaking aspen (Salicaceae)
Authors: Newman Jonathon R. , Wagner Diane , Doak Patricia 
Published: June 2015

AbstractFor quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michaux; Salicaceae) the rate of extrafloral (EF) sugar secretion is increased by defoliation and decreased by drought. Although wholesale blocking of EF nectar has been shown to reduce ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) visitation to aspen, the effect of more subtle and realistic variations in nectar availability on ant recruitment is unknown. Working in Alaskan boreal forest (United States of America), we reduced and supplemented EF nectar availability on potted aspen ramets of three genotypes and surveyed visitation by free-living Formica fusca (Linnaeus) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Ants were more responsive to a subtle increase in sugar availability than to a decrease. While nectar reduction had no effect on ant visitation, nectar supplementation increased ant visitation to one aspen genotype by 70% during an early summer trial. Average ant visitation to different aspen genotypes varied during the late summer, indicating that aspen genotype can influence attractiveness to ants. We conclude that natural induction of EF secretion in response to herbivory may benefit aspen through improved ant recruitment, though the response is dependent on aspen genotype and time of year. Differences among aspen genets in attractiveness to ants could influence the relative success of genotypes, especially in settings in which aspen regenerates from seed.
Critical Roles of Chemoresistant Effector and Regulatory T Cells in Antitumor Immunity after Lymphodepleting Chemotherapy
Authors: Saida Yu , Watanabe Satoshi , Tanaka Tomohiro , Baba Junko , Sato Ko , Shoji Satoshi , Igarashi Natsue , Kondo Rie , Okajima Masaaki , Koshio Jun , Ichikawa Kosuke , Nozaki Koichiro , Ishikawa Daisuke , Koya Toshiyuki , Miura Satoru , Tanaka Junta , Kagamu Hiroshi , Yoshizawa Hirohisa , Nakata Koh , Narita Ichiei 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Antitumor immunity is augmented by cytotoxic lymphodepletion therapies. Adoptively transferred naive and effector T cells proliferate extensively and show enhanced antitumor effects in lymphopenic recipients. Although the impact of lymphodepletion on transferred donor T cells has been well evaluated, its influence on recipient T cells is largely unknown. The current study demonstrates that both regulatory T cells (Tregs) and effector CD8+ T cells from lymphopenic recipients play critical roles in the development of antitumor immunity after lymphodepletion. Cyclophosphamide (CPA) treatment depleted lymphocytes more efficiently than other cytotoxic agents; however, the percentage of CD4+CD25+ Foxp3+ Tregs was significantly increased in CPA-treated lymphopenic mice. Depletion of these chemoresistant Tregs following CPA treatment and transfer of naive CD4+ T cells augmented the antitumor immunity and significantly suppressed tumor progression. Further analyses revealed that recipient CD8+ T cells were responsible for this augmentation. Using Rag2−/− mice or depletion of recipient CD8+ T cells after CPA treatment abrogated the augmentation of antitumor effects in CPA-treated reconstituted mice. The transfer of donor CD4+ T cells enhanced the proliferation of CD8+ T cells and the priming of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells originating from the lymphopenic recipients. These results highlight the importance of the recipient cells surviving cytotoxic regimens in cancer immunotherapies.
CARMA3 Is Critical for the Initiation of Allergic Airway Inflammation
Authors: Causton Benjamin , Ramadas Ravisankar A. , Cho Josalyn L. , Jones Khristianna , Pardo-Saganta Ana , Rajagopal Jayaraj , Xavier Ramnik J. , Medoff Benjamin D. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Innate immune responses to allergens by airway epithelial cells (AECs) help initiate and propagate the adaptive immune response associated with allergic airway inflammation in asthma. Activation of the transcription factor NF-κB in AECs by allergens or secondary mediators via G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) is an important component of this multifaceted inflammatory cascade. Members of the caspase recruitment domain family of proteins display tissue-specific expression and help mediate NF-κB activity in response to numerous stimuli. We have previously shown that caspase recruitment domain–containing membrane-associated guanylate kinase protein (CARMA)3 is specifically expressed in AECs and mediates NF-κB activation in these cells in response to stimulation with the GPCR agonist lysophosphatidic acid. In this study, we demonstrate that reduced levels of CARMA3 in normal human bronchial epithelial cells decreases the production of proasthmatic mediators in response to a panel of asthma-relevant GPCR ligands such as lysophosphatidic acid, adenosine triphosphate, and allergens that activate GPCRs such as Alternaria alternata and house dust mite. We then show that genetically modified mice with CARMA3-deficient AECs have reduced airway eosinophilia and proinflammatory cytokine production in a murine model of allergic airway inflammation. Additionally, we demonstrate that these mice have impaired dendritic cell maturation in the lung and that dendritic cells from mice with CARMA3-deficient AECs have impaired Ag processing. In conclusion, we show that AEC CARMA3 helps mediate allergic airway inflammation, and that CARMA3 is a critical signaling molecule bridging the innate and adaptive immune responses in the lung.
Vitamin E Isoform γ-Tocotrienol Downregulates House Dust Mite–Induced Asthma
Authors: Peh Hong Yong , Ho Wanxing Eugene , Cheng Chang , Chan Tze Khee , Seow Ann Ching Genevieve , Lim Albert Y. H. , Fong Chee Wai , Seng Kok Yong , Ong Choon Nam , Wong W. S. Fred 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative damage contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma. Although corticosteroid is the first-line treatment for asthma, a subset of patients is steroid resistant, and chronic steroid use causes side effects. Because vitamin E isoform γ-tocotrienol possesses both antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, we sought to determine protective effects of γ-tocotrienol in a house dust mite (HDM) experimental asthma model. BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with HDM. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was assessed for total and differential cell counts, oxidative damage biomarkers, and cytokine levels. Lungs were examined for cell infiltration and mucus hypersecretion, as well as the expression of antioxidants and proinflammatory biomarkers. Sera were assayed for IgE and γ-tocotrienol levels. Airway hyperresponsiveness in response to methacholine was measured. γ-Tocotrienol displayed better free radical–neutralizing activity in vitro and inhibition of BAL fluid total, eosinophil, and neutrophil counts in HDM mouse asthma in vivo, as compared with other vitamin E isoforms, including α-tocopherol. Besides, γ-tocotrienol abated HDM-induced elevation of BAL fluid cytokine and chemokine levels, total reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage biomarker levels, and of serum IgE levels, but it promoted lung-endogenous antioxidant activities. Mechanistically, γ-tocotrienol was found to block nuclear NF-κB level and enhance nuclear Nrf2 levels in lung lysates to greater extents than did α-tocopherol and prednisolone. More importantly, γ-tocotrienol markedly suppressed methacholine-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in experimental asthma. To our knowledge, we have shown for the first time the protective actions of vitamin E isoform γ-tocotrienol in allergic asthma.
Pollensomes as Natural Vehicles for Pollen Allergens
Authors: Prado Noela , De Linares Concepción , Sanz María L. , Gamboa Pedro , Villalba Mayte , Rodríguez Rosalía , Batanero Eva 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Olive (Olea europaea) pollen constitutes one of the most important allergen sources in the Mediterranean countries and some areas of the United States, South Africa, and Australia. Recently, we provided evidence that olive pollen releases nanovesicles of respirable size, named generically pollensomes, during in vitro germination. Olive pollensomes contain allergens, such as Ole e 1, Ole e 11, and Ole e 12, suggesting a possible role in allergy. The aim of this study was to assess the contribution of pollensomes to the allergic reaction. We show that pollensomes exhibit allergenic activity in terms of patients’ IgE-binding capacity, human basophil activation, and positive skin reaction in sensitized patients. Furthermore, allergen-containing pollensomes have been isolated from three clinically relevant nonphylogenetically related species: birch (Betula verrucosa), pine (Pinus sylvestris), and ryegrass (Lolium perenne). Most interesting, pollensomes were isolated from aerobiological samples collected with an eight-stage cascade impactor collector, indicating that pollensomes secretion is a naturally occurring phenomenon. Our findings indicate that pollensomes may represent widespread vehicles for pollen allergens, with potential implications in the allergic reaction.
Efficient Preconditioners for a Shock Capturing Space-Time Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Systems of Conservation Laws
Authors: Hiltebrand Andreas , Mishra Siddhartha 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAn entropy stable fully discrete shock capturing space-time Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method was proposed in a recent paper to approximate hyperbolic systems of conservation laws. This numerical scheme involves the solution of a very large nonlinear system of algebraic equations, by a Newton-Krylov method, at every time step. In this paper, we design efficient preconditioners for the large, non-symmetric linear system, that needs to be solved at every Newton step. Two sets of preconditioners, one of the block Jacobi and another of the block Gauss-Seidel type are designed. Fourier analysis of the preconditioners reveals their robustness and a large number of numerical experiments are presented to illustrate the gain in efficiency that results from preconditioning. The resulting method is employed to compute approximate solutions of the compressible Euler equations, even for very high CFL numbers.
The Rupture of Thin Liquid Films Placed on Solid and Liquid Substrates in Gravity Body Forces
Authors: Kupershtokh A. L. , Ermanyuk E. V. , Gavrilov N. V. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis paper presents a numerical and experimental study on hydrodynamic behavior of thin liquid films in rectangular domains. Three-dimensional computer simulations were performed using the lattice Boltzmann equation method (LBM). The liquid films laying on solid and liquid substrates are considered. The rupture of liquid films in computations is initiated via the thermocapillary (Marangoni) effect by applying an initial spatially localized temperature perturbation. The rupture scenario is found to depend on the shape of the temperature distribution and on the wettability of the solid substrate. For a wettable solid substrate, complete rupture does not occur: a residual thin liquid film remains at the substrate in the region of pseudo-rupture. For a non-wettable solid substrate, a sharp-peaked axisymmetric temperature distribution induces the rupture at the center of symmetry where the temperature is maximal. Axisymmetric temperature distribution with a flat-peaked temperature profile initiates rupture of the liquid film along a circle at some distance from the center of symmetry. The outer boundary of the rupture expands, while the inner liquid disk transforms into a toroidal figure and ultimately into an oscillating droplet.We also apply the LBM to simulations of an evolution of one or two holes in liquid films for two-layer systems of immiscible fluids in a rectangular cell. The computed patterns are successfully compared against the results of experimental visualizations. Both the experiments and the simulations demonstrate that the initially circular holes evolved in the rectangular cell undergoing drastic changes of their shape under the effects of the surface tension and gravity. In the case of two interacting holes, the disruption of the liquid bridge separating two holes is experimentally observed and numerically simulated.
The Pragmatist Yogi: Ancient and Contemporary Yogic Somaesthetics
Authors: Mullis Eric C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
as de michelis has argued, americans have been fascinated by the psychosomatic discipline of yoga since the turn of the twentieth century.1 The transcendentalists Thoreau and Emerson were influenced by Vedantic philosophy, and William James was intrigued by neo-Vedantic yogic practices as promulgated by Swami Vivekananda.2 Since then, yoga has become a global phenomenon with approximately 20.4 million Americans regularly practicing the discipline.3 In this essay, I will consider the implications of yoga practice for pragmatist philosophy and, more specifically, for the discipline of somaesthetics as developed by Richard Shusterman.
Special Issue Dedicated to Witold Gombrowicz
Authors: Dapía Silvia G. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The year 2014 marked the 110th anniversary of the birth of the noted author Witold Gombrowicz, as well as the 75th anniversary of his arrival in Argentina, the 50th anniversary of his move to the Côte d’Azur in France, and the 25th anniversary of his death. In view of these important chronological markers, the Fifth World Congress on Polish Studies sponsored by the Polish Institute of Arts & Science of America in Warsaw in June 2014 included two complete sessions featuring several renowned Gombrowicz scholars. Those panels, along with additional papers presented at the First International Conference on Witold Gombrowicz held at the National Library in Buenos Aires in August 2014, forms the basis of this special issue of The Polish Review dedicated to his works.
Narrative and Form: Gombrowicz and the Narrative Conception of Personal Identity
Authors: Pratt Daniel 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Boom! Witold Gombrowicz’s novel Trans-Atlantyk (Transatlantic) ends with the explosion of Form and structure, destroying the foundation of the self. From the ashes of this blast, Gombrowicz’s phoenix self reemerges, only to be destroyed again and again in a never-ending cycle of creation and explosion. The cycle of destruction and creation underlines Gombrowicz’s preoccupation with himself, or, rather, with his self, which spans his entire oeuvre. From his first novel, which he claimed "from the first to the last word … endeavors to be the assertion of an identity," to the infamous repetition of the single word "me" over the first five days of his public diary, Gombrowicz’s work always centers on the ineluctable self and keeps the self undefined, or in Bakhtinian terms, unfinalized. The self of the main characters in Gombrowicz’s novels never has the time to solidify into a single Form but, instead, remains a half-formed entity, forever in the process of becoming, or, in Gombrowicz’s own terms, suspended between Form and immaturity.
Witold Gombrowicz in Spain
Authors: Stasiakiewicz Zofia 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn the 1960s, Witold Gombrowicz, as renowned an author as he was in Europe, with his works being translated into numerous languages, including Spanish, French, English, and Italian, was still relatively unknown in Francoist Spain. The one who came to play a crucial role in the introduction of his oeuvre to the Catalan and Spanish peninsular literary world was Gabriel Ferrater (1922–1972), a poet and literary editor at the Catalan publisher Seix Barral in Barcelona. An epistolary exchange between the two writers began in 1965. However, the relationship was initiated at least a few months earlier, when the Catalan poet became interested in the literary work of the Polish writer and came up with the idea of a Spanish edition of the novel Pornografía (Pornography). Thanks to this correspondence, which is currently held in the Witold Gombrowicz Archive at Beinecke Library at Yale University, it is possible to trace the process of translation and editing of the novel.
Gombrowicz, a Slippery Liar
Authors: Hochman Nicolás 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The general historical account of Witold Gombrowicz is that no sooner had the young author arrived in Argentina than the war broke out in Europe. Germany’s invasion of Poland meant a closing of the borders, and that prompted Gombrowicz’s decision to remain in Argentina. A strong, committed choice (albeit one committed to noncommitment), since his compatriots opted to scramble back on board the Chroby, the boat that had brought them to the Río de la Plata, to head home to Europe and enlist in the Polish resistance. A tough decision, but one influenced by an incontrovertible fact: Gombrowicz chose to stay because his homeland was occupied, and he did not want to fight, basically for three reasons: he was asthmatic, ideologically he was against war and those who wage it, and it was apparently a matter of no interest to him.
Two Ways of Thinking About Crime Gombrowicz’s “A Premeditated Crime” (1933) and Borges’s “Emma Zunz” (1948)
Authors: Dapia Silvia G. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Both Witold Gombrowicz’s “A Premeditated Crime” (1933) and Jorge Luis Borges’s “Emma Zunz” (1948) have characteristics that allow them to be placed within the detective story genre.1 Thus, as in detective fiction, both stories revolve around a seemingly “perfect” crime, although in Gombrowicz the crime is only in the mind of the narrator. Moreover, in both Gombrowicz’s and Borges’s stories, the narrative does not lead to unveiling a crime but to a crime itself. Ultimately both Gombrowicz’s and Borges’s narratives have a concern about truth. However, unlike traditional detective stories, in which the truth (“how things really happened”) is “out there” and the detective arrives at it through a process of inference carried out by his superior mind, in Gombrowicz’s short story the detective is not concerned with a realist notion of truth, while in Borges there is no perspicacious detective who unravels “what really happened” and reveals the identity of the culprit. By examining Gombrowicz’s and Borges’s stories, this article explores the particular notion of truth used by each author as well as the relationship between reality and representation as it appears in each of them.