bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial‐resistant genes associated with Salmonella spp. isolated from human, poultry, and seafood sources
Authors: Adesiji Yemisi O. , Deekshit Vijaya Kumar , Karunasagar Indrani 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAntimicrobial‐resistant salmonellosis is a significant public health concern globally. A study was conducted to screen for Salmonella species from a total of 120 samples, of which 50 were retail meat samples purchased from five randomly selected sales outlets in the city of Mangalore, India. Twenty poultry fecal materials freshly voided before slaughter were obtained with sterile spatula and placed in sterile sealable polythene envelopes, and 20 clams were purchased from the estuaries of Nethravathi and Kankarnady market. In addition, 30 clinical isolates from Nigeria suspected to be Salmonella by only cultural characterization were also included in the study. In all, 30 samples—6 poultry, 8 seafood, and 16 Salmonella isolates from clinical samples—were confirmed positive by PCR and used in this study. The disk‐diffusion test was performed to determine the zone of inhibition, and detection of resistance genes was tested by PCR targeting various antimicrobial genes. Resistance to tetracycline (TET), cotrimoxazole, nalidixic acid, nitrofurantion, and piperacillin/tazobactin was found in 66.7%, 60%, 53.3%, 50% and 50% of the isolates, respectively. About 60–100% of MDR isolates possessed antibiotic‐resistant genes, of the tetracyclines resistant isolates, 20 (100%) 6 (30%), 7 (35%), and 10 (50%) carried tetA, tetB, tetC, and tetG genes, respectively. Of 18 cotrimoxazole‐resistant strains, 18 (100%), 14 (77.7%), and 4 (22.2%) had sul1, sul2, and sul3 genes, respectively. Of the 14 multidrug‐resistant isolates tested, 8 (61%) and 9 (69%) were positive for cmlA and cmlB genes, respectively, 10 (1.4%) tested positive for aph(3)11a genes, 8 (57%) tested positive for aac(3)lla, while none was positive for the aac6 gene. The results show the presence of antibiotic‐resistant Salmonella spp. in food samples from India and in human samples from Nigeria.
Chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and mineral extractability of Sudanese date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruits
Authors: Mohamed Rania M. A. , Fageer Aisha S. M. , Eltayeb Mohamed M. , Mohamed Ahmed Isam A. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe aim of the present work was to investigate the chemical composition, mineral extractability, and antioxidant capacity of six date palm varieties grown in Sudan. The results showed that Sudanese date varieties contained significantly different (P < 0.05) amounts of moisture, ash, fiber, oil, and carbohydrates, but have almost similar amounts of protein. Moreover, results revealed that date varieties contained significantly varied (P < 0.05) amounts of total polyphenols and total flavonoids, which ranged between 35.82 and 99.34 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g and 1.74–3.39 mg catechin equivalent/100 g, respectively. The antioxidant activities of the studied date varieties were as follows: ferric‐reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was within the range of 2.82–27.5 mmol/100 g, chelation of Fe2+ ion ranged from 54.31% to 94.98%, and scavenging of H2O2 ranged from 38.48% to 49.13%. There were many correlations (positive, negative, and weak) between antioxidant and mineral extractability of Sudanese date fruits.
Oscillations, networks, and their development: MEG connectivity changes with age
Authors: Schäfer Carmen B. , Morgan Benjamin R. , Ye Annette X. , Taylor Margot J. , Doesburg Sam M. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractMagnetoencephalographic (MEG) investigations of inter‐regional amplitude correlations have yielded new insights into the organization and neurophysiology of resting‐state networks (RSNs) first identified using fMRI. Inter‐regional MEG amplitude correlations in adult RSNs have been shown to be most prominent in alpha and beta frequency ranges and to express strong congruence with RSN topologies found using fMRI. Despite such advances, little is known about how oscillatory connectivity in RSNs develops throughout childhood and adolescence. This study used a novel fMRI‐guided MEG approach to investigate the maturation of resting‐state amplitude correlations in physiologically relevant frequency ranges within and among six RSNs in 59 participants, aged 6–34 years. We report age‐related increases in inter‐regional amplitude correlations that were largest in alpha and beta frequency bands. In contrast to fMRI reports, these changes were observed both within and between the various RSNs analyzed. Our results provide the first evidence of developmental changes in spontaneous neurophysiological connectivity in source‐resolved RSNs, which indicate increasing integration within and among intrinsic functional brain networks throughout childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood. Hum Brain Mapp 35:5249–5261, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Early life stress modulates amygdala‐prefrontal functional connectivity: Implications for oxytocin effects
Authors: Fan Yan , Herrera‐Melendez Ana Lucia , Pestke Karin , Feeser Melanie , Aust Sabine , Otte Christian , Pruessner Jens C. , Böker Heinz , Bajbouj Malek , Grimm Simone 
Published: May 2014

AbstractRecent evidence suggests that early life stress (ELS) changes stress reactivity via reduced resting state functional connectivity (rs‐FC) between amygdala and the prefrontal cortex. Oxytocin (OXT) modulates amygdala connectivity and attenuates responses to psychosocial stress, but its effect appears to be moderated by ELS. Here we first investigate the effect of ELS on amygdala‐prefrontal rs‐FC, and examine whether ELS‐associated changes of rs‐FC in this neural circuit predict its response to psychosocial stress. Secondly, we explore the joint effect of OXT and ELS on the amygdala‐prefrontal circuit. Eighteen healthy young males participated in a resting‐state fMRI study of OXT effects using a double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled, within‐subject crossover design. We measured the rs‐FC to bilateral amygdalae and subsequently assessed changes of state anxiety and prefrontal responses to psychosocial stress. Multiple linear regressions showed that ELS, specifically emotional abuse, predicted reduced rs‐FC between the right amygdala and pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC), which in turn predicted elevated state anxiety after psychosocial stress. In subjects with lower ELS scores, stronger pgACC‐amygdala rs‐FC predicted stronger pgACC deactivation during the psychosocial stress task, and this rest‐task interaction was attenuated by OXT. In subjects with higher ELS scores however, the rest‐task interaction was altered and OXT showed no significant effect. These findings highlight that ELS reduces pgACC‐amygdala rs‐FC and alters how rs‐FC of this circuit predicts its stress responsiveness. Such changes in pgACC‐amygdala functional dynamics may underlie the altered sensitivity to the effects of OXT after ELS. Hum Brain Mapp 35:5328–5339, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Midazolam and atropine alter theta oscillations in the hippocampal CA1 region by modulating both the somatic and distal dendritic dipoles
Authors: Balakrishnan Shilpashree , Pearce Robert A. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTTheta (4–12 Hz) oscillations in the hippocampus play an important role in learning and memory. They are altered by a wide variety of drugs that impair memory, and these effects may underlie or contribute to drug‐induced amnesia. However, the network mechanisms linking drug actions with changes in memory formation remain poorly defined. Here, we used a multisite linear electrode array to measure local field potentials simultaneously across the CA1 layers of the hippocampus during active exploration, and employed current source density analysis and computational modeling to investigate how midazolam and atropine—two amnestic drugs that are used clinically and experimentally—change the relative timing and strength of the drivers of θ‐oscillations. We found that two dipoles are present, with active inputs that are centered at the soma and the distal apical dendrite and passive return pathways that overlap in the mid‐apical dendrite. Both drugs shifted the position of the phase reversal in the local field potential that occurred in the mid‐apical dendritic region, but in opposite directions, by changing the strength of the dendritic pole, without altering the somatic pole or relative timing. Computational modeling showed that this constellation of changes, as well as an additional effect on a variably present mid‐apical pole, could be produced by simultaneous changes in the active somatic and distal dendritic inputs. These network‐level changes, produced by two amnestic drugs that target different types of receptors, may thus serve as a common basis for impaired memory encoding. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anterior thalamic lesions reduce spine density in both hippocampal CA1 and retrosplenial cortex, but enrichment rescues CA1 spines only
Authors: Harland Bruce C. , Collings David A. , McNaughton Neil , Abraham Wickliffe C. , Dalrymple‐Alford John C. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTInjury to the anterior thalamic nuclei (ATN) may affect both hippocampus and retrosplenial cortex thus explaining some parallels between diencephalic and medial temporal lobe amnesias. We found that standard‐housed rats with ATN lesions, compared with standard‐housed controls, showed reduced spine density in hippocampal CA1 neurons (basal dendrites, −11.2%; apical dendrites, −9.6%) and in retrospenial granular b cortex (Rgb) neurons (apical dendrites, −20.1%) together with spatial memory deficits on cross maze and radial‐arm maze tasks. Additional rats with ATN lesions were also shown to display a severe deficit on spatial working memory in the cross‐maze, but subsequent enriched housing ameliorated their performance on both this task and the radial‐arm maze. These enriched rats with ATN lesions also showed recovery of both basal and apical CA1 spine density to levels comparable to that of the standard‐housed controls, but no recovery of Rgb spine density. Inspection of spine types in the CA1 neurons showed that ATN lesions reduced the density of thin spines and mushroom spines, but not stubby spines; while enrichment promoted recovery of thin spines. Comparison with enriched rats that received pseudo‐training, which provided comparable task‐related experience, but no explicit spatial memory training, suggested that basal CA1 spine density in particular was associated with spatial learning and memory performance. Distal pathology in terms of reduced integrity of hippocampal and retrosplenial microstructure provides clear support for the influence of the ATN lesions on the extended hippocampal system. The reversal by postoperative enrichment of this deficit in the hippocampus but not the retrosplenial cortex may indicate region‐specific mechanisms of recovery after ATN injury. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Chaperone‐like Activity and Structure of Mutant H119G of Rat Lens αB‐crystallin: A Study of Divalent Metal Ion Binding Site
Authors: Lu Shou‐Yun , Kumar Reddy Desu Naveen , Huang Fu‐Yung 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe molecular chaperone αB‐crystallin, the major player in maintaining the transparency of the eye lens, preventing the aggregation of stress‐damaged and aging lens proteins from aggregation. In nonlenticular cells, it is involved in various neurological diseases, diabetes, and cancer. The role of some metal ions in the αB‐crystallin biology has been reported. Theoretical calculations have proposed that the coordination sites involving His101, His119, Lys121, His18 and Glu99 of human αB‐crystallin were the binding sites for divalent metal ions. Our previous mutagenesis study suggested that His18 rat lens αB‐crystallin is a crucial binding site for Cu(II) and Zn(II) in terms of chaperone‐like activity and structure. In this study mutant H119G of rat lens αB‐crystalin was cloned and expressed to investigate whether His119 is the coordination binding site. Copper and zinc at 1 mM concentration significantly increase the chaperone‐like activity in wild type αB‐crystalin, whereas zinc, copper and magnesium at 1 mM reduced the activity of H119G significantly. The results from chaperone‐like activity, ANS fluorescence measurement and Far‐and Near‐UV CD studies suggest that the replacement of His119 with Glycine resulted in a conformational and minor environmental changes that decrease chaperone‐like activity in the presence of divalent ions suggested that His119 was a crucial binding site for Cu(II) and Zn(II), which was similar to our previous study results of His18. Both results together suggest that His18 and His119 coordinates each other for the binding site of Cu(II) and Zn(II) in terms of improving the chaperone‐like activity and stability of crystallin/metal ion complex.
Titanium Tetrabutoxide (TTBO) as Efficient Catalyst for Rapid One Pot Synthesis of 2‐Arylbenzothiazoles under Mild Conditions
Authors: Naeimi Hossein , Heidarnezhad Arash 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAn effective strategy has been developed for rapid and efficient one pot synthesis of 2‐arylbenzothiazoles from readily available 2‐aminothiophenol and aromatic aldehydes catalyzed by TTBO in high yields and short reaction times. This strategy allows access to a structurally diverse array of products for further manipulation. The reactions were preceded under mild conditions to afford 2‐arylbenzothiazole derivatives. The pure products were identified and characterized by physical and spectroscopic data such as; IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR.
Interdecadal variability of winter precipitation in Northwest China and its association with the North Atlantic SST change
Authors: Zhou Lian‐Tong , Wu Renguang 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTWinter precipitation in Northwest China experienced an obvious interdecadal increase around 1987. Consistent increase in winter precipitation occurred in Middle Asia. This study investigates associated changes in atmospheric circulation and sea surface temperature (SST). Analyses show that winter water vapour flux and atmospheric circulation over the North Atlantic Ocean and Eurasia and SST in the North Atlantic Ocean were very different before and after 1987. During 1987–2008, a significant enhancement of tropospheric moisture convergence and ascending motion was observed over Northwest China and Middle Asia. This contributed to the increase of winter precipitation in Northwest China and Middle Asia. The wind difference field before and after 1987 features cyclones over Middle Asia and North Atlantic Ocean and anticyclones over East Asia and southern Europe‐northern Africa, signifying an obvious change in the Eurasian (EU) teleconnection pattern over middle latitudes of Eurasia. The results indicate that the Middle Asia and Northwest China were under the influence of enhanced westerlies from the North Atlantic Ocean that strengthened the water vapour transport to Middle Asia and Northwest China after 1987. Moreover, the interdecadal variability in the EU pattern is associated with the SST increase in the North Atlantic Ocean. Thus, the North Atlantic SST change is likely an important reason for the winter precipitation increase in Middle Asia and Northwest China.
Scientific Productivity and Idea Acceptance in Nobel Laureates
Authors: Charyton Christine , DeDios Samantha Lynn , Nygren Thomas Eugene 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe investigated how new ideas become accepted for Nobel laureates in science. Archival data were collected for 204 Nobel laureates from 1980 to 2009 in physics, chemistry, and medicine or physiology. Acceptance was evaluated for Nobel laureates by Prize area and three key publications in the Nobel laureates' publishing careers: (a) first publication concerning their Nobel idea (FN), (b) highest cited publication concerning their Nobel idea (HN), and (c) last publication concerning their Nobel idea (LN). Acceptance was defined primarily in terms of academic prestige for the journal articles (journal impact factors, article citation counts, Eigenfactor scores [journal impact and journal citations] and journal‐cited half‐life ratings). We found that acceptance for these publications mostly followed LN < FN < HN for all measures and Prize areas—except for physics on impact factor only, which followed FN < LN < HN, as hypothesized. In sum, recent ideas are least accepted rather than original ideas even for established and eminent Nobel laureates.
Long‐term outcomes after fertility‐sparing laparoscopic radical trachelectomy in young women with early‐stage cervical cancer: An Asan Gynecologic Cancer Group (AGCG) study
Authors: Park Jeong‐Yeol , Joo Won Deok , Chang Suk‐Joon , Kim Dae‐Yeon , Kim Jong‐Hyeok , Kim Yong‐Man , Kim Young‐Tak , Nam Joo‐Hyun 
Published: May 2014

ObjectivesTo evaluate the long‐term outcomes and risk factors for recurrence after fertility‐sparing laparoscopic radical trachelectomy (LRT) in young women with early‐stage cervical cancer.MethodsEighty‐eight consecutive patients from four tertiary cancer centers in Korea who had attempted fertility‐sparing LRT for early‐stage cervical cancer were included in this study.ResultsSeventy‐nine patients completed LRT. The mean age and tumor size were 31 years (range, 20–40 years) and 1.8 cm (range, 0.4–7 cm), respectively. Twenty‐nine patients had a tumor size greater than 2 cm, 22 had deep stromal invasion greater than 50%, and twelve had lymphovascular space invasion. After a median follow‐up time of 44 months (range, 3–105 months), nine patients had recurrence and one had died of disease. A tumor size greater than 2 cm (P = 0.039) and a depth of stromal invasion greater than 50% (P = 0.016) were significant risk factors for recurrence.ConclusionsThis is the largest series on fertility‐sparing LRT in young women with early cervical cancer. LRT is a feasible and safe fertility‐sparing alternative to radical hysterectomy in these women. A tumor size greater than 2 cm and a depth of stromal invasion greater than 50% were risk factors for recurrence. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 110:252–257. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Treatment and survival of patients with occult breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis: A nationwide retrospective study
Authors: Sohn Guiyun , Son Byung Ho , Lee Soo Jung , Kang Eun Young , Jung Sung Hoo , Cho Se‐Heon , Baek Seunghee , Lee Yu Ra , Kim Hee Jung , Ko Beom Suk , Yu  , Lee Jong Won , Ahn Sei‐Hyun 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesOccult breast cancer (OBC) accounts for 0.3–1.0% of all breast cancers and is a rare presentation of the disease. The present retrospective study examined the overall survival and prognostic factors associated with OBC in Korea.MethodThe study included 142 OBC patients identified from the Korean Breast Cancer Society cancer registry from January 1990 to December2009. All patients had pathologically positive axillary lymph nodes (N1–N3) and pathologically and radiologically negative in‐breast lesions (T0/Tx) based on a retrospective review of the database.ResultsNo statistically significant differences in overall survival were observed between patients undergoing axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) only (80.8%), breast conserving surgery (BCS) with ALND (98.0%), and mastectomy with ALND (92.5%) with P‐value of 0.061. Nodal status was a significant prognostic factor (P = 0.004) on univariate analysis. When compared with T1 patients group, T0/TxN1 patients showed better survival than T1N1 patients (hazard ratio [HR] 0.253; 95% confidence interval, 0.104–0.618; P = 0.003), but T0/TxN2, T0/TxN3 patients showed similar survival to T1N2, T1N3 patients.ConclusionsOBC patients treated with ALND only showed comparable outcomes to those undergoing ALND combined with BCS or mastectomy. Nodal status may be an independent predictor of poor outcome in OBC patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 110:270–274. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Corporate Social Responsibility Strategy in the Hotel Industry: Evidence from the Balearic Islands
Authors: Calveras Aleix 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis paper attempts to identify some of the main factors affecting a hotel establishment's decision to adopt (or not), and to what extent, socially and environmentally responsible business practices. Salient among the results obtained is the fact that corporate social responsibility (CSR) is likely to be part of a hotel's product differentiation strategy; additionally, it is shown that productivity aspects such as scale economies, as well as the hotel's internal organization, also impact a hotel's CSR strategy. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) Networks Conjugated with Gly–Gly–His via a Merrifield Solid‐Phase Peptide Synthesis Technique for Metal‐Ion Recognition
Authors: Efe‐Sanden Gulnur , Toomey Ryan 
Published: May 2014

The temperature‐dependent swelling behavior of poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) and tripeptide Gly–Gly–His (GGH)/poly(NIPAAm) conjugate hydrogel coatings are investigated using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM‐D) while in contact with NaCl, ZnCl2, NiCl2, and CuCl2 solutions. To fabricate the tripeptide conjugated gels, precursor gels of poly(NIPAAm‐co‐3‐aminopropylmethacrylamide[3.5 mol%]) are synthesized via free‐radical polymerization. The metal‐binding tripeptide, GGH, is subsequently synthesized in the gel via a Merrifield solid‐phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) technique, in which the amino group of the copolymer gel provides a functional site to support peptide synthesis. It is found that the logarithm of the transition temperature of the tripeptide GGH/poly(NIPAAm) conjugate hydrogel is proportional to the ionic strength, showing two distinct regions at low and high ionic strengths for the divalent ions. In the low‐ionic‐strength regime, the salting out constants are 0.08, 0.07, and 0.06 M−1 for Cu2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+, respectively, which follows the known trend for binding of ions to GGH. In the high‐ionic‐strength region, when the metal‐ion binding sites in the tripeptide conjugate hydrogel are saturated, the salting out constants are similar to the salting out constants associated with pure poly(NIPAAm).
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Synthesis of Thermoresponsive Glycopolymers Combining RAFT Polymerization, Thiol‐Ene Reaction, and Subsequent Immobilization onto Solid Supports
Authors: von der Ehe Christian , Weber Christine , Wagner Michael , Czaplewska Justyna A. , Gottschaldt Michael , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: May 2014

A new monomer, N‐hexenylacrylamide, is copolymerized with N‐isopropylacrylamide by reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization using a carboxylic‐acid‐functionalized RAFT agent. Subsequently, the resulting functional copolymers are reacted with acetylated thiogalactose via a thiol‐ene reaction. After deprotection of the sugar acetyl groups, the glycopolymers show a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior, as confirmed by turbidity measurements. One of these glycopolymers is subsequently immobilized onto solid supports. The obtained products are characterized by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform IR (ATR FTIR) spectroscopy, thermal gravimmetric analysis (TGA), and elemental analysis, confirming the immobilization of the glycopolymer. Additionally, the glycopolymer‐functionalized support shows interaction with the lectin RCA120.
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