bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical chorioamnionitis at term III: how well do clinical criteria perform in the identification of proven intra-amniotic infection?
Authors: Romero Roberto , Chaemsaithong Piya , Korzeniewski Steven J. , Kusanovic Juan P. , Docheva Nikolina , Martinez-Varea Alicia , Ahmed Ahmed I. , Yoon Bo Hyun , Hassan Sonia S. , Chaiworapongsa Tinnakorn , Yeo Lami 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe diagnosis of clinical chorioamnionitis is based on a combination of signs [fever, maternal or fetal tachycardia, foul-smelling amniotic fluid (AF), uterine tenderness and maternal leukocytosis]. Bacterial infections within the amniotic cavity are considered the most frequent cause of clinical chorioamnionitis and an indication for antibiotic administration to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity. Recent studies show that only 54% of patients with the diagnosis of clinical chorioamnionitis at term have bacteria in the AF and evidence of intra-amniotic inflammation. The objective of this study was to examine the performance of the clinical criteria for the diagnosis of chorioamnionitis to identify patients with microbial-associated intra-amniotic inflammation (also termed intra-amniotic infection).This retrospective cross-sectional study included 45 patients with the diagnosis of clinical chorioamnionitis at term, whose AF underwent analysis for: 1) the presence of microorganisms using both cultivation and molecular biologic techniques [polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with broad primers], and 2) interleukin (IL)-6 concentrations by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The diagnostic performance (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and likelihood ratios) of each clinical sign and their combination to identify clinical chorioamnionitis were determined using microbial-associated intra-amniotic inflammation [presence of microorganisms in the AF using cultivation or molecular techniques and elevated AF IL-6 concentrations (≥2.6 ng/mL)] as the gold standard.: The accuracy of each clinical sign for the identification of microbial-associated intra-amniotic inflammation (intra-amniotic infection) ranged between 46.7% and 57.8%. The combination of fever with three or more clinical criteria did not substantially improve diagnostic accuracy.In the presence of a fever during labor at term, signs used to diagnose clinical chorioamnionitis do not accurately identify the patient with proven intra-amniotic infection (i.e., those with microorganisms detected by culture or molecular microbiologic techniques and an associated intra-amniotic inflammatory response).
Verbal allocutivity in a crosslinguistic perspective
Authors: Antonov Anton 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAllocutivity is a term coined to describe a phenomenon in Basque whereby, in certain pragmatic (and syntactic) circumstances, an addressee who is not an argument of the verb is systematically encoded in all declarative main clause conjugated verb forms. Although the term has been exclusively applied to Basque, similar phenomena are found in other languages as well. Indeed, despite certain differences in the degree of grammaticalization and usage, allocutive verb forms are attested in at least Pumé (isolate; Venezuela), Nambikwara (isolate; Brazil), Mandan (Siouan; North America), and Beja (Cushitic; Northeast Africa). The aim of this article is to propose a typology of verbal allocutivity in a crosslinguistic perspective, taking into consideration the locus of encoding, the manner in which it is encoded, the information concerning the addressee which is encoded, and the syntactic environments in which it can appear.
The development of regional differentiation of office construction in the Czech Republic: 1990–2010
Authors: Domalewski Pavel , Baxa Jan 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The factors that were crucial for the construction of administrative buildings in the regional capitals of the Czech Republic are subject to examination in this article. One primary question is whether the development of office construction reflects the qualitative importance of the cities, or whether there are some other regularities in the spatial distribution of construction. To identify the key factors, controlled interviews with experts professionally involved in the construction of administrative buildings were carried out, and these data were then extended as part of a large-scale questionnaire survey with other experts on the issue. The results have confirmed the dominant position of the capital city of Prague in terms of its qualitative importance, as the remaining regional capitals have less than one-tenth of the volume of modern office building areas. The greatest differences in the construction of administrative buildings have been noted in Brno and Ostrava, despite the fact that they exhibit similar characteristics when considered in the light of respondent-determined factors.
The Passage of Time
Authors: Noonan Harold W. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Eric Olson argues that the dynamic view of time must be false. It requires that the question ‘How fast does time pass?’ has an answer. But its only possible answer, one second per second, is not an answer. I argue that Olson has failed to identify what is wrong with talk of time’s passage. Then I argue that, nonetheless, he is right to reject it. To say that time passes is analogous to saying that space is dense, and to ask about the rate of time’s passage is analogous to asking how dense space is. Since the questions are on a par the dynamic view of time, which requires that they are not, is mistaken.
Natural Properties and Atomicity in Modal Realism
Authors: Borghini Andrea , Lando Giorgio 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The paper pinpoints certain unrecognized difficulties that surface for recombination and duplication in modal realism when we ask whether the following inter-world fixity claims hold true: 1) A property is perfectly natural in a world iff it is perfectly natural in every world where it is instantiated; 2) Something is mereologically atomic in a world iff all of its duplicates in every world are atomic. In connection to 1), the hypothesis of idlers prompts four variants of Lewis’s doctrine of perfectly natural properties, all deemed unsatisfactory for the purposes of duplication and recombination. By means of 2), instead, we show that the principle of recombination does not countenance the atomicity or non-atomicity of duplicates; but it should, because it is genuinely possible that: a) something, which is atomic, is non-atomic; and b) something, which is non-atomic, is atomic. In discussing 1) and 2), the paper substantiates a tension in Lewis’s metaphysics between modal intuitions and the reliance on the natural sciences.
Monte Carlo study of medium-energy electron penetration in aluminium and silver
Authors: Aydın Asuman , Peker Ali 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Monte Carlo simulations are very useful for many physical processes. The transport of particles was simulated by Monte Carlo calculating the basic parameters such as probabilities of transmitted–reflected and angular-energy distributions after interaction with matter. Monte Carlo simulations of electron scattering based on the single scattering model were presented in the medium-energy region for aluminium and silver matters. Two basic equations are required the elastic scattering cross section and the energy loss. The Rutherford equation for the different screening parameters is investigated. This scattering model is accurate in the energy range from a few keV up to about 0.50 MeV. The reliability of the simulation method is analysed by comparing experimental data from transmission measurements.
Unravelling peptidomes by in silico mining
Authors: Koehbach Johannes , Jackson Kathryn A.V. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractPeptides of great number and diversity occur in all domains of life and exhibit a range of pharmaceutically relevant bioactivities. The complexity of biological samples including human cells or tissues, plant extracts or animal venom cocktails, often impedes the discovery of novel bioactive peptides using mass spectrometrybased peptidomics analysis. An increasing number of publicly available genome and transcriptome datasets, together with refined bioinformatics analysis, allows for rapid identification of novel peptides which may have been previously unrecognized. Moreover, a combination of information extracted from
Modeling gene-covariate interactions in sparse regression with group structure for genome-wide association studies
Authors: Li Yun , O’Connor George T. , Dupuis Josée , Kolaczyk Eric 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn genome-wide association studies (GWAS), it is of interest to identify genetic variants associated with phenotypes. For a given phenotype, the associated genetic variants are usually a sparse subset of all possible variants. Traditional Lasso-type estimation methods can therefore be used to detect important genes. But the relationship between genotypes at one variant and a phenotype may be influenced by other variables, such as sex and life style. Hence it is important to be able to incorporate gene-covariate interactions into the sparse regression model. In addition, because there is biological knowledge on the manner in which genes work together in structured groups, it is desirable to incorporate this information as well. In this paper, we present a novel sparse regression methodology for gene-covariate models in association studies that not only allows such interactions but also considers biological group structure. Simulation results show that our method substantially outperforms another method, in which interaction is considered, but group structure is ignored. Application to data on total plasma immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentrations in the Framingham Heart Study (FHS), using sex and smoking status as covariates, yields several potentially interesting gene-covariate interactions.
Once and Twice
Authors: Richard S. Kayne 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The study of English once and twice yields evidence that each of them is actually a complex phrase containing two visible morphemes and one silent one. Neither is a simple lexical item. The -ce morpheme is akin to a postposition, despite English being primarily prepositional. The silent element associated with once and twice is a silent counterpart of time, represented as TIME. This instance of TIME is singular, even in the case of twice. There appears to be a link between TIME and the syntax of classifiers.
The presence of silent TIME with once and twice indirectly provides evidence for the presence in the human language faculty of other antecedentless silent nominal elements such as NUMBER. Silent elements of this sort are not visible (even via an antecedent) in the primary data available to the learner. Their properties, for example, their singularity or plurality and their licensing conditions, therefore provide us with a privileged window onto the invariant core of the language faculty itself.
The presence of silent elements such as TIME and NUMBER can, in part, be traced back to a principle of decompositionality, to the effect that the human language faculty imposes a maximum of one interpretable syntactic feature per lexical item.
Once upon an invisible TIME: On Frequentative Phrases in Chinese
Authors: Liao Wei-Wen Roger 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In view of Kayne’s (2014) analysis, the English expressions of once, twice, and #-times are compared with the corresponding Chinese expression, #-ci. This paper shows that data from Chinese not only support Kayne’s analysis that treats the silent TIME as classifier, but they also suggest that the frequentative phrase may involve a silent NP and/or PP. The latter provides some possible modifications to Kayne’s original analysis of the suffix -ce.
Determinants and inverses of circulant matrices with complex Fibonacci numbers
Authors: Altınışık Ercan , Feyza Yalçın N. , Büyükköse Şerife 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Let ℱn = circ (︀F*1 , F*2, . . . , F*n︀ be the n×n circulant matrix associated with complex Fibonacci numbers
F*1, F*2, . . . , F*n. In the present paper we calculate the determinant of ℱn in terms of complex Fibonacci
numbers. Furthermore, we show that ℱn is invertible and obtain the entries of the inverse of ℱn in terms of
complex Fibonacci numbers.
Participial Perception Verb Complements in Old English
Authors: Lowrey Brian 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In this paper, I shall examine the complements of perception verbs in Old English involving a noun phrase and a present participle. What kind of perception is described by these structures? Do they evoke the perception of an event, or that of an entity? It will be shown here that there are good reasons to believe that an NP + present participle sequence could function as the equivalent of the traditional “AcI” construction when used with perception verbs. I shall also attempt to determine to what extent the syntax of this construction matches the semantics: is the internal argument of the perception verb the NP alone, or some kind of combination of the NP and the participle? This question is particularly interesting in the light of Declerck’s (1982) remarks on participle perception verb complements in modern English. Finally, I shall take a look at morphological parametres: sometimes the participle inflects to agree with the NP, whereas on other occasions it does not. What might the implications of this kind of variation be?
On the Auxiliary Status of Dare in Old English
Authors: Tomaszewska Magdalena 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
OE *durran ‘dare’ belongs to a group of the so-called preterite-present verbs which developed weak past tense forms replacing the originally strong forms throughout the paradigm. The present study hypothesizes that the potential sources of this development are related to the decay of the subjunctive mood in Old English. Further, this corpus-based study analyses the status of DARE in Old English, with the findings showing that the verb displayed both lexical and auxiliary verb characteristics. These results are juxtaposed and compared with the verb's developments in Middle English. The databases examined are the corpus of The Dictionary of Old English in Electronic Form (A-G) and the Innsbruck Computer Archive of Machine-Readable English Texts. In both cases, a search of potential forms was performed on all the files of the corpora, the raw results were then analysed in order to eliminate irrelevant instances (adjectives, nouns, foreign words, etc.). The relevant forms were examined with the aim to check the properties of DARE as a lexical and an auxiliary verb, and compare the findings with Molencki’s (2002, 2005) observations.
Design of UHPC Structural Members: Lessons Learned and ASTM Test Requirements
Authors: Sritharan Sri 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Over the past decade, ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) has been used in several pilot projects, which included designing of different bridge components. In each case, it became clear that the design efficiency and cost effectiveness of the UHPC structural member was not possible when the conventional approaches developed for normal concrete members were followed. More efficient structural design solutions were realized when alternative geometries and/or unique properties of the UHPC were taken advantage of in the design process. Structural testing of these members and/or field testing of bridges designed with UHPC structural members showed that their performance was extremely satisfactory in spite of adopting new design concepts and alternative geometries. Drawing design experience from bridge girders to bridge decks to UHPC piles to wind turbine towers, this paper summarized the important lessons learned and established ASTM test requirements that could facilitate designing of cost-effective UHPC members and connections with satisfactory performance. In this process, ultimate strength for flexure, shear and torsion, fatigue resistance, serviceability issues and long-term behavior of different UHPC members were given consideration.
Effect Of Fabric Layers On Whiteness And Yellowness Indices Of Some Polyester Fabrics Woven With Different Constructional Parameters
Authors: Akgun Mine 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This paper focuses on the assessment of whiteness indices (WI) changes that occurred in white polyester fabrics according to different fabric layers. Yellowness indices (YI) were also assessed with the WI of fabric samples. White polyester fabrics having different constructional parameters were used, the results showed that WI of polyester fabrics increased up to a certain layer of fabric depending on constructional parameters and compactness of fabric. After a certain layer, WI of fabrics remained almost constant or steeply decreased. YI changed in good relation with whiteness changes. The results showed that the suitable number of fabric layer could be determined for WI measurements according to the compactness and to the structural parameters of the fabric samples. The suitable choice of the fabric layers for whiteness measurement depended on fabric constructional properties and could be made by considering the certain layer number, which could be obtained at the point of the maximum value of whiteness.
Properties Of Viscose Vortex Yarns Depending On Technological Parameters Of Spinning
Authors: Moučková Eva , Mertová Iva , Jirásková Petra , Krupincová Gabriela , Křemenáková Dana 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This paper analyzes the relationship between technological parameters of spinning of 100% CV Vortex yarns of different counts and its selected geometrical parameters (a lead of helix of wrapping fibre ribbon, yarn diameter) as well as yarn properties. The number of twist of wrapping fibre layer is determined. The effect of the yarn delivery speed, hollow spindle diameter, and the main draft on the hairiness, mass irregularity, tenacity, elongation, resistance to abrasion and bending rigidity of Vortex yarn is observed. The yarn properties are compared with the properties of open-end rotor spun yarns. Slivers of the same spinning lot were used for the production of both kinds of yarn. The results showed that the delivery speed in combination with spindle diameter affects yarn diameter, hairiness and abrasion resistance. Mass irregularity and imperfections of yarn is mainly affected by the main draft of drafting unit. Technological parameters of spinning do not affect the level of bending rigidity of the Vortex yarn. Tested rotor spun yarns had a larger diameter, higher hairiness, lower tenacity and higher elongation, lower mass irregularity and number of imperfections, higher abrasion resistance and lower bending rigidity compared to tested Vortex spun yarns.
Rank of Submodule, Linear Transformations and Linearly Independent Subsets of Z-module
Authors: Nakasho Kazuhisa , Futa Yuichi , Okazaki Hiroyuki , Shidama Yasunari 
Published: May 2015

Summary
In this article, we formalize some basic facts of Z-module. In the first section, we discuss the rank of submodule of Z-module and its properties. Especially, we formally prove that the rank of any Z-module is equal to or more than that of its submodules, and vice versa, and that there exists a submodule with any given rank that satisfies the above condition. In the next section, we mention basic facts of linear transformations between two Z-modules. In this section, we define homomorphism between two Z-modules and deal with kernel and image of homomorphism. In the last section, we formally prove some basic facts about linearly independent subsets and linear combinations. These formalizations are based on [9](p.191-242), [23](p.117-172) and [2](p.17-35).
Events of Borel Sets, Construction of Borel Sets and Random Variables for Stochastic Finance
Authors: Jaeger Peter 
Published: May 2015

Summary
We consider special events of Borel sets with the aim to prove, that the set of the irrational numbers is an event of the Borel sets. The set of the natural numbers, the set of the integer numbers and the set of the rational numbers are countable, so we can use the literature [10] (pp. 78-81) as a basis for the similar construction of the proof. Next we prove, that different sets can construct the Borel sets [16] (pp. 9-10). Literature [16] (pp. 9-10) and [11] (pp. 11-12) gives an overview, that there exists some other sets for this construction. Last we define special functions as random variables for stochastic finance in discrete time. The relevant functions are implemented in the article [15], see [9] (p. 4). The aim is to construct events and random variables, which can easily be used with a probability measure. See as an example theorems (10) and (14) in [20]. Then the formalization is more similar to the presentation used in the book [9]. As a background, further literatures is [3] (pp. 9-12), [13] (pp. 17-20), and [8] (pp.32-35).
Some Remarkable Identities Involving Numbers
Authors: Ziobro Rafał 
Published: May 2015

Summary
The article focuses on simple identities found for binomials, their divisibility, and basic inequalities. A general formula allowing factorization of the sum of like powers is introduced and used to prove elementary theorems for natural numbers.
Formulas for short multiplication are sometimes referred in English or French as remarkable identities. The same formulas could be found in works concerning polynomial factorization, where there exists no single term for various identities. Their usability is not questionable, and they have been successfully utilized since for ages. For example, in his books published in 1731 (p. 385), Edward Hatton [3] wrote: “Note, that the differences of any two like powers of two quantities, will always be divided by the difference of the quantities without any remainer...”.
Despite of its conceptual simplicity, the problem of factorization of sums/differences of two like powers could still be analyzed [7], giving new and possibly interesting results [6].
Investigation of the impact using neuroanatomy specimens prepared using new anatomical techniques on students' learning
Authors: Ruiz C. , Lima N. , Cunha R. , Nascimento S. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Introduction: Neuroanatomy specimens have greater fragility than other anatomy specimens and their useful life depends on good conditioning and protection. The difficulty in obtaining human specimens has increased the demand for preparations that might make such specimens more durable. Objective: transform the collection of neuroanatomy specimens in the anatomy laboratory into specimens that were more instructive for students, through more refined anatomical techniques, thereby improving the appearance and preservation of these specimens, and also to develop a scientific study on the importance of this type of didactic-pedagogical tool. Material and Methods: After preparing the specimens and using them in the classroom, we applied a questionnaire to evaluate the learning process, with regard to ease of handling the specimens, improvement of instruction and construction of knowledge. We gathered responses from 53 students in their fourth teaching semester of the biomedicine course at the Methodist University of São Paulo. Results: after the treatment to clarify and demarcate anatomical structures in the neuroanatomical specimens that was put forward in this study, an effective improvement in the students' study method was demonstrated (100%). Conclusions: The objectives proposed by the discipline were achieved in terms of yield (92.5%) and understanding of theory during practical classes (98%), thus generating student behavior that was more positive. In relation to handling and discomfort relating to the smell of the old specimens, there was an improvement of 88.7% through using the current specimens. There was also an improvement in learning outside of the classroom hours (86.4%).