bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SUBSTÂNCIAS ANTIMICROBIANAS PRODUZIDAS POR Bacillus spp. ISOLADOS DE FRUTAS
Authors: OLIVEIRA VINICYUS FORTE DE , FLEMING LUANA ROCHA , FERREIRA PATRÍCIA SILVIA , NASCIMENTO JANAÍNA DOS SANTOS 
Published: August 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu na investigação da produção de substâncias antimicrobianas por estirpes de Bacillus, isoladas de frutas, e verificar o potencial dessas substâncias na inibição de patógenos, associados à deterioração ou à transmissão de doenças por alimentos, como fungos e bactérias Gram-negativas ou Gram-positivas.Dez estirpes submetidas à coloração de Gram que mostraram ser bacilos foram testadas quanto à produção de substâncias antimicrobianas, utilizando-se como indicadoras diferentes bactérias Gram-positivas e Gram-negativas. Três estirpes, denominadas de Ame3, Mam1 e Pes1 apresentaram os maiores espectros de ação contra bactérias Gram-positivas, sugerindo que as substâncias produzidas por essas estirpes possam apresentar potencial de aplicação como biopreservativo de alimentos. Dez estirpes submetidas à coloração de Gram que mostraram ser bacilos foram testadas quanto à produção de substâncias antimicrobianas, utilizando-se como indicadoras diferentes bactérias Gram-positivas e Gram-negativas. Três estirpes, denominadas de Ame3, Mam1 e Pes1 apresentaram os maiores espectros de ação contra bactérias Gram-positivas, sugerindo que as substâncias produzidas por essas estirpes possam apresentar potencial de aplicação como biopreservativo de alimentos. Dez estirpes submetidas à coloração de Gram que mostraram ser bacilos foram testadas quanto à produção de substâncias antimicrobianas, utilizando-se como indicadoras diferentes bactérias Gram-positivas e Gram-negativas. Três estirpes, denominadas de Ame3, Mam1 e Pes1 apresentaram os maiores espectros de ação contra bactérias Gram-positivas, sugerindo que as substâncias produzidas por essas estirpes possam apresentar potencial de aplicação como biopreservativo de alimentos.
Le deuil dans les sciences de l’organisation : éléments d’analyse critique d’un transfert conceptuel1
Authors: Pailot Philippe 
Published: August 2014

Dans les sciences organisationnelles, de nombreux travaux utilisent, ou simplement évoquent, la notion de deuil pour donner un sens aux réactions « émotionnelles » particulièrement intenses de certains acteurs confrontés à des pertes dans leur champ professionnel. L’objet de cet article est de questionner les fondements théoriques et épistémologiques qui entourent la légitimité de l’analogie induite par ce transfert conceptuel et les limites de sa validité dans les pratiques empiriques de la recherche scientifique. La première partie de cet article s’attachera à repérer et catégoriser les travaux mobilisant ce concept dans les sciences organisationnelles. Le second visera à définir les contours de la notion de deuil et les exigences théoriques que cette définition impose au chercheur en gestion. La troisième partie visera à montrer la diversité des théories qui la compose et les difficultés posées par cet éclectisme dans l’usage gestionnaire du deuil. Enfin, nous chercherons, dans la quatrième partie, à marquer les limites théoriques des modèles des stades qui restent l’organisateur théorique le plus mobilisé dans notre discipline.
PME familiales québécoises : impact des parties prenantes externes à la famille1 dans les co-successions en fratrie
Authors: Deschamps Bérangère , Cisneros Luis , Barès Franck 
Published: August 2014

La littérature dédiée à la succession des entreprises familiales s’intéresse essentiellement à la relation entre un prédécesseur et un successeur unique. Or dans la pratique, il est fréquent qu’une fratrie prenne la suite. En s’appuyant sur quatre cas de successions familiales québécoises, cet article s’intéresse à l’impact des parties prenantes externes à la famille (PPEF) dans la création et le fonctionnement d’une co-succession en fratrie. Nous classons ces PPEF en deux catégories : les permanentes et les occasionnelles. Nous montrons comment elles influencent la naissance de la succession en fratrie et en quoi elles représentent un facteur clé de succès dans le fonctionnement de la co-succession.
PROBABILISTIC LONG RANGE FORECAST SYSTEM FOR OIL SPILL TRAJECTORIES IN THE GULF OF BISCAY (SPAIN)
Authors: Cárdenas Mar , Abascal Ana J. , Castanedo Sonia , Guanche Yanira , Méndez Fernando J. , Medina Raúl 
Published: August 2014

The increasing number of accidental oil spills has motivated the development and implementation of operational oceanography systems (OOS) to help in the decision process during oil spill emergency situations. Currently, most of the national and regional OOS have been setup for short-term (up to 5 days) oil spill forecast. However, recent accidental oil spills such as Prestige in Spain (2002) or Deep Horizon in Gulf of Mexico (2010), have revealed the importance of having larger prediction horizons (up to 30 days) in regional-scale areas.
In this work, we have developed a stochastic methodology based on the combination of clustering algorithms and Markov chains of first order to provide medium term (15–30 days) probabilistic oil spill forecasts. The method encompasses the following steps: (1) classification of representative atmospheric patterns using clustering techniques (PCA and k-means [1]); (2) determination the transition probability matrix associated with the Markov chain. The element of the transition matrix (pij) represents the probability of moving from a cluster “i” to a cluster “j” in one time step. In case an accident occurs, the Markov chain provides through the transition probability matrix, the evolution of ocean-atmospheric conditions during the forecasting period; (3) this result is used to force TESEO Lagrangian transport model [2] which allows the characterization of trajectories in probabilistic terms during the forecasting period.
The methodology has been applied in the Gulf of Biscay (Spain) to simulate the evolution of oil slick observations and drifter buoys gathered during the Prestige accident. The cumulative probability maps have been compared with these data (oil slicks observations and drifter data), showing that actual trajectories are consistent with the probability of contamination obtained. Results seem promising and we expect to reduce uncertainty by incorporating autoregressive logistic models to help improving the possible evolution of the ocean-atmospheric conditions. A detailed description of the methodology, application and validation will be shown in the presentation and in the final paper.
Oil Spill Simulants Workshop Process and Outcomes
Authors: DeCola Elise G. , Robertson Tim L. , Robida Jeremy , House Brian , Pegau W. Scott 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTIn March 2013, a high-level workshop of national experts was held to consider the potential permitting and use of oil simulants in U.S. waters to improve oil spill response planning and operations. The workshop was the culmination of a six-month workgroup process that brought together researchers and responders with knowledge and experience in oil spill response, research and development, spill modeling, and regulatory oversight.While nationally focused, the project was spearheaded by Alaska, where stakeholders and regulators had recognized the need for a simulant material to support research and development, testing spill response technologies, and training responders for Arctic and sub-Arctic spill response. The workshop yielded a strong consensus that there is a need for simulants to facilitate advances in oil spill response technologies, research and development, and training. There was also agreement that the current permitting regime is uncertain and untested, that a pilot project was needed to test the potential to permit an oil simulant release, and that there was a need to include oil simulants in the national response framework.
Quantitative Determination of Microbial Oil Degradation and Of Oil Absorption by a New Oil-Binding System in a Baltic Sea Mesocosm Experiment
Authors: Haehnel Janne , Jeschek Jenny , Schulz-Bull Detlef E. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACT
In this study, a novel oil-binding system for marine application was developed within the joint research project “BIOBIND” (“Airborne clean-up of oil pollution at sea with biogenic oil binders”). The system's components include oil-absorbing solids, made of biogenic and biodegradable wood-fiber, that can be dropped from an aircraft and subsequently recovered either at sea or along the coast. The binder-based system was tested together with oil-degrading microbial communities previously isolated from coastal water samples of the Baltic Sea. In a first attempt at a meso-scale setup, mesocosms containing different combinations of seawater, oil binders, crude oil, and oil-degrading bacteria were established. These experiments sought answers to the following questions: (1) How does the microbial community isolated from the Western Baltic Sea react to oil entries? (2) What happens to the crude oil? (3) How efficient is the oil absorption capacity of the developed binders? Microbial activity was monitored by measuring the oxygen, phosphate, and ammonia contents of the mesocosms. Weight loss of the whole crude was estimated using a gravimetric method. In one of the mesocosms, the selected inoculum degraded around 25 % of the added crude oil. In another, in which the absorption efficiency of the oil binders was examined, more than 98 % of the crude oil was absorbed. Further molecular details on the fate of the oil were obtained using gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector and mass spectrometry to quantify alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, respectively; both were efficiently degraded by the selected inoculum. The oil absorption and oil-degrading capabilities of a system consisting of oil binders and oil-degrading microbial communities at the meso-scale was shown. These promising preliminary tests recommend its further development for use in responding to small- and medium-size oil spills in near-coastal shallow-water areas.
Best Practices for Shoreline Cleanup and Assessment Technique (SCAT) from Recent Incidents
Authors: Tarpley John , Michel Jacqueline , Zengel Scott , Rutherford Nicolle , Childs Carl , Csulak Frank 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACT
The Shoreline Cleanup and Assessment Technique (SCAT) process, from initial reconnaissance, to generation of Shoreline Treatment Recommendations (STRs) and signoff, is an integral part of oil spill response operations. It is and should remain flexible and scalable based on spill conditions. Several challenging spill responses have contributed to the continuing evolution of the SCAT program. This review examines best practices and unique applications for the SCAT process, coordination within the Incident Command System (ICS), field implementation and tools, and data management. While the basic SCAT process remains the same, the detailed steps can vary greatly from spill to spill. STRs and incident specific forms may be required, additional review procedures for documents and shorelines may occur, endpoints and signoff can become extremely complex, intermediate plans may be generated to manage complexity, and various regulatory consultations may be necessary. Within the ICS, the SCAT program is typically part of the Environmental Unit under the Planning Section, but requires close coordination with the Operations Section. The use of SCAT- Operations Liaisons (both as having Operations on SCAT teams during surveys and as having SCAT team members work with Operations during actual cleanup) is a best practice to improve coordination and treatment effectiveness throughout the response. Field forms, data collection tools, and SCAT staff roles are evolving. The trials of electronic data collection with field computers continue; use of imagery, GPS, and GIS are ever increasing and necessary; and the roles and coordination of various types of field monitors/observers during cleanup operations need to be carefully defined. SCAT team members need to be well-trained, and field calibration should occur regularly within and among teams. SCAT data management now requires dedicated staff and computer data management systems in all but the smallest of spills. The need for high quality data, rapid analysis, and generation of useful products to a varied audience is becoming the expected standard. However, with these expectations come new procedures and specialized skills. QA/QC of field data is critical to all evaluations and products. Specialized databases have become robust enough to handle the most complex SCAT data and output requirements, and GIS tools can quickly generate a variety of necessary map products for multiple users. These functions require skills not found with typical SCAT field team members. In this paper, we will examine some of the recent advances and unique applications to the SCAT process.
USING EXERCISES AS A SOURCE OF OIL POLLUTION RESEARCH IDEAS
Authors: Vocke William T. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACT
Advancing the state of the art in oil pollution prevention and response requires the identification of missing elements and developing research to fill in the gaps in information. Researchers rely on a wide range of methods to identify new areas for study. Previous research frequently identifies new questions that could not be addressed at the time, or were outside the scope of the study. Lessons learned during response to real events also provide valuable insights. However, Preparedness for Response Exercise Program (PREP) and Homeland Security Exercise Evaluation Program (HSEEP) exercises are often overlooked as a source of new ideas for research.
Exercises are widely used to identify emergency response capabilities, to test equipment, practice response protocols, and to train personnel in their duties. This paper presents a review of selected After Action Reports (AARs) from PREP and HSEEP oil spill exercises to determine the extent that new research ideas could be gleaned from the information and the extent that research opportunities were identified.
This paper also addresses factors that limit the utility of exercises for identifying research needs. These limiting factors include the exercise purpose, exercise design, evaluation criteria, and after action reporting protocols. Practical suggestions on approaches to considering research needs during the exercises are provided.
Implementing Lessons Learned for NOAA's Emergency Response Division
Authors: Tarpley John , Drury Alice , Helton Doug 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACT
NOAA's Office of Response and Restoration Emergency Response Division (ERD) is committed to continually improving their response capabilities to hazardous material releases that affect life, property and natural resources. One way of achieving this is by capturing and implementing Lessons Learned from spills and exercises. Following an incident, the ERD reviews their contributions and actions to an incident via an internal “Hotwash” using a standard template, followed by documenting the results in an incident-specific report. Twice a year the Lessons Learned Team (LLT) reviews all incident hotwash reports from the previous period and identifies specific action items to address issues/problems that arose during the recent spill responses. The LLT reviews the action items and assigns a rating for importance, difficulty to implement, and time it would take to implement. These action items are also rated on their importance to improving the overall effectiveness of the ERD to respond to spills. The LLT generates an evaluation report of action items, which is submitted to the ERD's management for determination of whether these action items will be pursued, and if so, how assigned. Health and safety items are implemented immediately. Other items are incorporated into the ERD's Operational Plan and assigned a lead and due date, generally within six months to one year. Using this process has increased confidence in staff that the division has the capability to capture significant issues, effectively manage corrective actions into direct implementation, and improve response products and support capabilities.
Global Oil Spills and Oiled Wildlife Response Effort: Implications for Oil Spill Contingency Planning
Authors: Morgan Andrew David , Shaw-Brown Katherine , Bellingham Ian , Lewis Anna , Pearce Mitch , Pendoley Kellie 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACT
Over the last century there has been a significant increase in the number and size of oil spills to the marine environment due to the global proliferation of oil and gas extraction as well as the number of tankers and other maritime transport infrastructure associated with increased production. Efforts have traditionally been focussed on containment and deflection of oil rather than responding to wildlife. The present study examines total oiled wildlife effort in response to maritime spills for 286 recorded globally. Between 1910 and 1961 there was an average of 1.23 ± 0.43 incidents per year, spilling an average of 114,062 ± 352,512 tonnes of oil per year. These averages increased to 3.83 ± 2.65 events with 123,277 ± 166,735 tonnes of oil spilt per year from 1962 to 1990, and again, from 1991 to 2012 to 6.50 ± 5.17 events with 164,299 ± 290,655 tonnes of oil spilt per year. Offshore platform and tanker spills have accounted for 37% and 27% of this total, respectively. Of the 104 recorded instances where wildlife interactions occurred (40%), spill volume was not related to the total number of animals caught, oiled or pre-emptively; however, it was related to the number of carcasses collected. A lack of planning for Oiled Wildlife Response (OWR) was identified as a contributing factor exacerbating the impact of a spill on wildlife and for resourcing a response. Inadequacies within operator and government contingency planning, to prepare for and sustain a wildlife response for extended periods, can be overcome by using a mobilisation model that integrates wildlife carer networks, government regulatory agencies and operator resourcing via an independent coordinating organisation consisting of a small group of personnel highly experienced and trained in maritime operations and marine science with access to a network of persons with experience in responding to wildlife and their handling, treatment and rehabilitation.
Development of Field Stabilization Program to Enhance Survival of Seabirds During Oil Spill Response
Authors: Anderson Nancy L. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACT
Particularly during large or remote spills, transportation of oiled animals to a primary care center where they can receive medical care can take more than half a day. The primary goal of developing a Field Stabilization (FS) program is to provide initial medical care as quickly as possible after capture in order to increase survival. A secondary benefit is the ability to organize the transportation of birds to primary care centers to avoid overwhelming limited space and personnel resources.
To meet these goals FS programs must be mobile, flexible and scalable. Personnel, equipment and shelter need to be located near sites where birds are being recovered. Depending on the size of the spill, multiple FS sites may be required. The numbers and locations may need to change overtime. Therefore a modular design is desirable. This talk will provide an overview of one FS program and information to consider when adding FS to an existing oil spill response program.
Resilience in the Aftermath of The Gulf Of Mexico Oil Spill: An Academic-Community Partnership to Improve Health Education, Social Support, Access to Care, and Disaster Preparedness
Authors: Lichtveld Maureen Y. , Arosemena Farah A. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThe Gulf of Mexico oil spill affords a unique opportunity to examine resilience from a transdisciplinary, systems perspective. In 2011, the National Research Council (NRC) in its publication “Building Community Disaster Resilience through Private-Public Collaboration” recommended research that results in quantitative risk and outcome markers, projects which strengthen community resilience, and to document best practices. Although the ecological impacts of oil spills are widely studied, the full picture displaying the impact on population health is a lesser-explored area. Disasters, both natural and technological, can result in both short-term and long-term stressors. Tulane University Transdisciplinary Research Consortium for Gulf Resilience on Women's Health (GROWH) and the Gulf Region Health Outreach Program (GRHOP) community engagement and community health navigation projects are examples of evidence-based interventions using trained community health workers (CHWs) to address NRCs recommendations by 1) assessing adherence to prenatal care and postpartum and infant health outcomes, 2) building bridges between health systems and communities – working to improve the relevance, acceptability, and accessibility of health services, 3) increasing access to occupational and environmental health specialists, and 4) improving the ability of Gulf Coast communities to withstand and recover from a disaster.
Arctic Oiled Wildlife Response: Exploring Potential and Limitations
Authors: Nijkamp Hugo , Sessions Saskia , Blanc Philippe , Autret Yannick 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACT
The Arctic is an extremely vulnerable area for oil pollution. Because of global warming and the resulting retreating ice, new economic shipping and Exploration & Production activities are likely to develop in the coming years and decades. Both governments (e.g. Arctic Council) and the oil industry (e.g. Arctic Response Technology Joint Industry Programme) are preparing for increased oil spill response capabilities in the Arctic region, and are looking to join forces for more efficiency and effectiveness.
In connection to oil spill response planning in the Arctic both onshore and offshore, attention should be given to oiled wildlife response preparedness in this region. The Arctic is characterized by unique ecosystems and biodiversity, either marine or terrestrial, with a large proportion of migratory species. So although species diversity is assumed to be low compared to other regions, Arctic wildlife is very sensitive to the effects of oil pollution. Additionally the Arctic is a remote and extreme area for setting up a wildlife response in the framework of an oil spill response.
This paper explores what the limitations of an Arctic oiled wildlife response would be (physical/logistical, health & safety, environmental monitoring, ecosystems understanding, biodiversity data, sensitivity mapping, etc.), and identifies how current gaps in response preparedness could be filled. Special emphasis is laid on investments into the capabilities of specialised responders and their equipment, including creation of a specialised Arctic Wildlife Response Strike Team.