bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small orangiophilic squamous‐like cells: An underrecognized and useful morphological feature for the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma in pleural effusion cytology
Authors: Chen Longwen , Caldero Sonia Gatius , Gmitro Stephen , Smith Maxwell L. , De Petris Giovanni , Zarka Mathew A. 
Published: August 2013

BACKGROUNDThe cytological diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma (MM) on serous effusion is challenging due to significant morphologic overlap with reactive mesothelial cells and adenocarcinoma. One of the morphologic features of MM in effusion cytology, small orangiophilic squamous‐like cells (SOSLC), has received little attention. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the current study is the first to assess the sensitivity and specificity of SOSLC in serous effusion specimens from histology‐proven MM cases along with those of reactive mesothelial and adenocarcinoma cases.METHODSA total of 130 cases of pleural (86 cases) and peritoneal (44 cases) effusion cytology cases (30 with histology‐proven MM, 41 with adenocarcinoma, and 59 with reactive mesothelial cells) were studied. The presence or absence of SOSLC was recorded in each case.RESULTSThe cytological diagnoses of the 30 histology‐proven MM cases included 1) atypical mesothelial cells, favor reactive (4 cases); 2) atypical mesothelial cells, suspicious for or cannot exclude mesothelioma (18 cases); and 3) positive for MM (8 cases). SOSLC were found in 10 of the 30 MM effusion cases (33.3%), 1 of the 41 adenocarcinoma cases (2.4%), and 5 of the 59 reactive mesothelial cell cases (8.5%). SOSLC were more likely to be present in MM effusions compared with either adenocarcinoma (P < .0001) or reactive mesothelial cell (P < .02) effusions. All 10 cases of MM with SOSLC were from pleural fluids. One case of peritoneal serous adenocarcinoma had SOSLC and 5 cases of reactive mesothelial cells in peritoneal fluid were found to have SOSLC.CONCLUSIONSAlthough not sensitive, the presence of SOSLC is quite specific for MM in pleural fluid cytology specimens. Finding this morphological feature in pleural fluid should alert the pathologist to a possible diagnosis of MM.Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2014;122:70–75. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Kinetically Limited CO Adsorption: Spill‐Over as a Highly Effective Adsorption Pathway on Bimetallic Surfaces
Authors: Hartmann Heinrich , Diemant Thomas , Behm R. Jürgen 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWe demonstrate that the (local) adsorbed carbon monoxide, COad, coverage on the Pt‐free areas of bimetallic Pt/Ru(0001) surfaces (a Ru(0001) substrate partly covered by Pt monolayer islands) can be increased to ∼0.80 monolayers (ML), well above the established saturation COad coverage of 0.68 ML, even under ultrahigh vacuum conditions by using spill‐over of CO adsorbed on the Pt islands to the Ru areas as an highly effective adsorption channel. The apparent COad saturation coverage of 0.68 ML on pure Ru(0001) is identified as due to kinetic limitations, hindering further uptake from the gas phase, rather than being caused by thermodynamic reasons. This spill‐over mechanism is proposed to be a general phenomenon for adsorption on bimetallic surfaces.
Design of Porphyrin‐dota‐Like Scaffolds as All‐in‐One Multimodal Heterometallic Complexes for Medical Imaging
Authors: Eggenspiller Antoine , Michelin Clément , Desbois Nicolas , Richard Philippe , Barbe Jean‐Michel , Denat Franck , Licona Cynthia , Gaiddon Christian , Sayeh Amira , Choquet Philippe , Gros Claude P. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractA series of four multimodal ligands incorporating one porphyrin moiety and one or more dota‐like macrocycles all‐in‐one in the same molecular architecture have been synthesized and full characterized. The corresponding gadolinium(III) complexes were also synthesized and heterometallic complexes incorporating both gadolinium(III) and copper(II) ions were prepared as potential MRI/PET multimodal contrast agents. One ligand (L4) includes an amine moiety that can be activated for easy conversion into an isothiocyanate group for further anchoring to a biological vector. Preliminary relaxivity, cytotoxicity, and MRI studies showed that the complexes developed in this work are very promising medical‐imaging agents for the enhancement of contrast in bimodal MRI techniques.
Achievable rate regions for a three‐user multiple access channel with partial side information
Authors: Bahmani Elham , Hodtani Ghosheh Abed 
Published: August 2013

AbstractA generalisation of the Gaussian doubly dirty multiple access channel to a Gaussian triply dirty multiple access channel (GTD‐MAC) is considered, where there are three additive interference signals, each one non‐causally known to only associated transmitter. Same as in the Gaussian doubly dirty multiple access channel, Costa's strategy (i.e. random binning scheme) cannot achieve positive rates in the limit of strong interferences. In contrast, it is shown that positive rates independent of the interferences can be achieved by lattice strategies. In fact in some cases—which depend on the noise variance and power constraints—lattice strategies are optimal, in particular, in the high signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) regime. For the GTD‐MAC, two models are considered, full side information and partial side information at the transmitters. The results show that partiality in side information reduces the achievable rates as numerical illustrations confirm. Also, the results for the GTD‐MAC can be extended to the K‐user case. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
EphA4 Receptor Is a Novel Negative Regulator of Osteoclast Activity
Authors: Stiffel Virginia , Amoui Mehran , Sheng Matilda H-C , Mohan Subburaman , Lau K-H William 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT

Of the ephrin (Eph) receptors, mature osteoclasts express predominantly EphA4. This study sought to determine if EphA4 has a regulatory role in osteoclasts. Treatment of RAW/C4 cells with Epha4 small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) increased average size, Ctsk mRNA expression level, and bone resorption activity of the derived osteoclast-like cells. Activation of the EphA4 signaling in osteoclast precursors with EfnA4-fc chimeric protein reduced cell size and resorption activity of the derived osteoclasts. Homozygous Epha4 null mice had substantially less trabecular bone in femur and vertebra compared to wild-type controls. The bone loss was due to a decrease in trabecular number and an increase in trabecular spacing, but not to an increase in osteoclast-lined bone surface or an increase in the number of osteoclasts on bone surface. Dynamic histomorphometry and serum biomarker analyses indicate that bone formation in Epha4 null mice was reduced slightly but not significantly. Osteoclasts of Epha4 null mice were also larger, expressed higher levels of Mmp3 and Mmp9 mRNAs, and exhibited greater bone resorption activity than wild-type osteoclasts in vitro. Deficient Epha4 expression had no effects on the total number of osteoclast formed in response to receptor activator of NF-κB ligand nor on apoptosis of osteoclasts in vitro. It also did not affect the protein-tyrosine phosphorylation status of its ligands, EfnB2, EfnA2, and EfnA4, in osteoclasts. Deficient Epha4 expression in Epha4 null osteoclasts activated the β3-integrin signaling through reduced phosphorylation of the tyr-747 residue, which led to increased binding of the stimulatory talin and reduced binding of the inhibitory Dok1 to β3-integrin. This in turn activated Vav3 and the bone resorption activity of osteoclasts. In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time that EphA4 is a potent negative regulator of osteoclastic activity, mediated in part through increased Dok1 binding to β3-integrin via an increase in EphA4-dependent tyr-747 phosphorylation. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
High hip fracture risk in men with severe aortic calcification: MrOS study
Authors: Szulc Pawel , Blackwell Terri , Schousboe John T , Bauer Douglas C , Cawthon Peggy , Lane Nancy E. , Cummings Steven R , Orwoll Eric S , Black Dennis M , Ensrud Kristine E 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT

A significant link between cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis is established in postmenopausal women, but data for men are scarce. We tested the hypothesis that greater severity of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) was associated with an increased risk of nonspine fracture in 5994 men aged ≥65 years. AAC was assessed on 5400 baseline lateral thoracolumbar radiographs using a validated visual semiquantitative score. Total hip bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Incident nonspine fractures were centrally adjudicated. After adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), total hip BMD, fall history, prior fracture, smoking status, comorbidities, race, and clinical center, the risk of nonspine fracture (n = 805) was increased among men with higher AAC (hazard ratio [HR] quartile 4 [Q4] [AAC score ≥9] versus quartile 1 [Q1] [0–1], 1.36; 96% confidence interval [CI], 1.10–1.68). This association was due to an increased risk of hip fracture (n = 178) among men with higher AAC (HR Q4 versus Q1, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.41–3.87). By contrast, the association between AAC and the risk of nonspine, nonhip fracture was weaker and not significant (HR Q4 versus Q1, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.96–1.55). The findings regarding higher AAC and increased risk of fracture were not altered in additional analyses accounting for degree of trauma, estimated glomerular filtration rate, presence of lumbar vertebral fractures (which may bias AAC assessment), preexisting cardiovascular disease, ankle brachial index, or competing risk of death. Thus, in this large cohort of elderly men, greater AAC was independently associated with an increased risk of hip fracture, but not with other nonspine fractures. These findings suggest that AAC assessment may be a useful method for identification of older men at high risk of hip fracture. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
On the Possible Automorphism Groups of a Steiner Quintuple System of Order 21
Authors: Kolotoğlu Emre , Magliveras Spyros S. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractA Steiner system is called a Steiner quintuple systems of order v. The smallest order for which the existence, or otherwise, of a Steiner quintuple system is unknown is 21. In this article, we prove that, if an S(4, 5, 21) exists, the order of its full automorphism group is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 10.
Wind speed trends over Turkey from 1975 to 2006
Authors: Dadaser‐Celik Filiz , Cengiz Eda 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTThis study examines the spatial and temporal dynamics of wind speeds over Turkey by analysing data from 206 weather stations for a 32‐year period (1975–2006). Trends in annual, seasonal, and monthly average wind speeds were determined using the Mann–Kendall trend test with the trend‐free pre‐whitening procedure. The strengths of trends were estimated by calculating the Sen's slope. The possible causes of wind speed changes were discussed. The analysis showed that the majority of the stations (73%) in Turkey had average wind speeds between 1.6 and 3.3 m s−1 during the 32‐year period. From 1975 to 2006, 72% of stations had downward trends in annual average wind speeds. Downward trends were statistically significant at the 0.05 level for 62%. Significant upward trends were detected in only 16% of 206 stations. The rate of change in annual average wind speed data was on average −0.014 m s−1 year−1. The trends detected in monthly average wind speed data were mostly downward with an average strength between −0.007 and −0.017 m s−1 year−1. The directions and strengths of wind speed trends identified for the 1975–2006 period over Turkey are similar to the trends detected in wind speeds in many other regions over the earth. The changes in wind speeds in Turkey are most strongly related with the changes in general circulation patterns and air temperatures. The effects associated with changes in surface roughness and data quality are minor compared to other two factors.
Effect of Polymer Structure and Incorporation of Nanoparticles on the Behavior of Syndiotactic Polypropylenes
Authors: Bejarano Julian , Benavente Rosario , Pérez Ernesto , Wilhelm Manfred , Quijada Raúl , Palza Humberto 
Published: August 2013

A syndiotactic polypropylene (sPP) homopolymer and its copolymer with 1.4 mol% of norbornene (NsPP) are synthesized using a metallocene catalyst and the effect on the main properties of the addition of 4 wt% of either silica nanoparticles or multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is studied. Important changes are observed in the thermal behavior of the different samples, primarily related to a strong nucleating effect of the nanofillers, much larger in CNTs than in silica, and to cold crystallization processes in the copoly­mer. Moreover, a rather relevant effect of the nanoparticles and their type, and of the cyclic comonomer is observed on the mechanical behavior of the polymer in the solid state. A strong effect of the kind of nanoparticle is also observed in the melt rheological properties of the samples, where again CNTs render larger changes than silica nanoparticles. On the contrary, oxygen permeation of sPP is unchanged with the addition of nanoparticles.
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Tunable Multiple‐Shape Memory Polyethylene Blends
Authors: Hoeher Robin , Raidt Thomas , Krumm Christian , Meuris Monika , Katzenberg Frank , Tiller Joerg C. 
Published: August 2013

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are an important class of smart materials. Usually, these polymers can be switched between two shapes. Recently, the possibility of switching more than two shapes was introduced for SMPs with relatively low strain storage capability. In this work, a lightly cross‐linked polyethylene blend comprising 80 wt% EOC, 15 wt% LDPE, and 5 wt% HDPE is prepared in order to obtain a tunable multiple‐shape memory polymer with high strain storage capacity. It is found that depending on the programming procedure, this SMP obtains a dual‐, triple‐, or quadruple‐shape memory effect, with well‐defined intermediate temporary shapes (retraction < 0.5% K−1) over a significantly broad temperature range (up to 30 K), large storable strains (up to 1700%), and nearly full recovery of all shapes (>98.9%).
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Nucleation‐Driven Kinetics of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Melting
Authors: Vyazovkin Sergey , Yancey Benjamin , Walker Kahleah 
Published: August 2013

The kinetics of poly(ethylene terephthalate) melting are studied by DSC and treated in the framework of a nucleation kinetic model. The study focuses on the temperature dependence of the effective activation energy of melting. A theoretical dependence is derived from the model and an experimental one from the Kissinger plot. It is demonstrated that the theoretical dependence satisfactorily predicts the experimental one and fitting the former to the latter can be used for estimating the surface free energy of a nucleus.
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The Influences of Cooperative Swelling and Coordination on Patterned Decoration of Gold on Block Copolymer Nanospheres
Authors: Wang Lu , Mei Shilin , Jin Zhaoxia 
Published: August 2013

Ordered nanoring arrays are a new pattern of block copolymer thin films generated by spin‐coating of block copolymer reverse micelles on silicon substrates, which can further direct the formation of gold nanoring arrays on block copolymer thin films. Here, it is reported that the cooperation of swelling and coordination can influence the surface pattern of the block copolymer nanospheres. A hexagonally arranged dot pattern can be transformed into a ring pattern on polystyrene‐block‐poly(2‐vinylpyridine) nanospheres, and the new pattern can further direct the decoration of gold nanoparticles by balancing the swelling of the poly(2‐vinylpyridine) chains and the coordination effect between gold ions and the pyridine units.
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Design, Synthesis, and Application of Stimulus‐Sensing Biohybrid Hydrogels
Authors: Hotz Natascha , Wilcke Louisa , Weber Wilfried 
Published: August 2013

A key feature of any living system is the ability to sense and react to the environmental stimuli. The biochemical characterization of the underlying biological sensors combined with advances in polymer chemistry has enabled the development of stimulus‐sensitive biohybrid materials that translate most diverse chemical and biological input into a precise change in material properties. In this review article, we first describe synthesis strategies of how biological and chemical polymers can functionally be interconnected. We then provide a comprehensive overview of how the different properties of biological sensor molecules such as competitive target binding and allosteric modulation can be harnessed to develop responsive materials with applications in tissue engineering and drug delivery.
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Identification of thaumatin‐like protein and aspartyl protease as new major allergens in lettuce (Lactuca sativa)
Authors: Muñoz‐García Esther , Luengo‐Sánchez Olga , Haroun‐Díaz Elisa , Maroto Aroa Sanz , Palacín Arancha , Díaz –Perales Araceli , de las Heras Gozalo Manuel , Labrador‐Horrillo Moisés , Vivanco Fernando , Cuesta‐Herranz Javier , Pastor‐Vargas Carlos 
Published: August 2013

ScopeToday, about 2–8% of the population of Western countries exhibits some type of food allergy whose impact ranges from localized symptoms confined to the oral mucosa to severe anaphylactic reactions. Consumed worldwide, lettuce is a Compositae family vegetable that can elicit allergic reactions. To date, however, only one lipid transfer protein has been described in allergic reaction to lettuce. The aim of this study was to identify potential new allergens involved in lettuce allergy.Methods and resultsSera from 42 Spanish lettuce‐allergic patients were obtained from patients recruited at the outpatient clinic. IgE‐binding proteins were detected by SDS‐PAGE and immunoblotting. Molecular characterization of IgE‐binding bands was performed by MS. Thaumatin was purified using the Agilent 3100 OFFGEL system. The IgE‐binding bands recognized in the sera of more than 50% of patients were identified as lipid transfer protein (9 kDa), a thaumatin‐like protein (26 kDa), and an aspartyl protease (35 and 45 kDa). ELISA inhibition studies were performed to confirm the IgE reactivity of the purified allergen.ConclusionTwo new major lettuce allergens—a thaumatin‐like protein and an aspartyl protease—have been identified and characterized. These allergens may be used to improve both diagnosis and treatment of lettuce‐allergic patients.
G‐shaped monopole antenna with dual band‐stop function for UWB communications
Authors: Ojaroudi Nasser , Ojaroudi Mohammad 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTIn this study, a new design of dual band‐notched monopole antenna for UWB systems has been presented. The antenna consists of a G‐shaped radiating patch with a rotated Γ‐shaped slot, a feed line, and a ground plane with an inverted fork‐shaped slit which provides a wide usable fractional bandwidth of more than 125% with double band‐stop performance. By applying the inverted fork‐shaped slit in the ground plane, a new resonance at higher frequency range (11.5 GHz) is excited and much wider impedance bandwidth can be produced. In the proposed monopole antenna, to generate a single frequency band‐stop performance we convert a square radiating patch to G‐shaped structure and also by cutting a rotated Γ‐shaped slot, dual band‐notched function can be achieved. Simulated and measured results obtained for this antenna show that the proposed antenna offers very wide bandwidth from 2.7 to 12.3 GHz with two notched bands covering all the 5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN, 3.5/5.5 GHz WiMAX, and 4‐GHz C‐bands. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2686–2689, 2013
A low power triple‐mode parallel‐processing CMOS receiver for BD‐II/GPS/Galileo joint navigation applications
Authors: Zhongyuan Hou , Chuan Wang , Junhua Liu , Huailin Liao , Xing Zhang 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTThis article presents a low power triple‐mode parallel‐processing CMOS receiver for BD‐II/GPS/Galileo joint navigation applications. An innovative image rejecting parallel‐processing architecture is proposed, which utilizes a single frequency synthesizer, shares the front‐end, and adopts two complex band‐pass filters in two channels separately, aiming for the receiving of BD‐II B1/GPS L1/GALILEO L1 multistandard navigation signals simultaneously. The proposed triple‐mode parallel‐processing receiver is fabricated in a 0.18 μm CMOS process with 22.2 mA power consumption under the triple‐mode parallel‐processing navigation. Measured results show that it has a maximum conversion gain of 101.5 dB and a double‐side‐band noise figure of 3.3 dB with the fixed IF of 7*f0 (f0 = 1.023 MHz), tunable IF bandwidth of 2*f0/4*f0, and more than 34 dB image rejection. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2616–2620, 2013
Analysis of tem three‐section symmetrical directional couplers with tandem‐connected center section
Authors: Wincza Krzysztof , Gruszczynski Slawomir 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTThe analysis of TEM three‐section symmetrical directional couplers with tightly coupled section realized as a tandem connection of two coupled‐line sections has been shown. The design equations allowing for calculating the required even‐mode characteristic impedances of coupled‐line sections for arbitrarily chosen coupling coefficient and coupling ripple have been derived. The proposed method has been utilized for analysis of three‐section 3‐dB symmetrical couplers with different coupling ripple and the results are given in a tabular form. The theoretical analysis has been confirmed by measurements of a 3‐dB three‐section symmetrical coupler, in which coupled‐line sections constituting a tightly coupled section have been miniaturized to for better fitting to the coupler's structure. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2578–2582, 2013
WDM PON purpose remote pumped bidirectional EDFA using cascading FBGS as a pump reflector
Authors: Yu Yi Lin , Liaw Shien‐Kuei , Liu Ren‐Yang , Shin Chow Shing 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTWe proposed a remote pumped bidirectional C+L band fiber amplifier for wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network. A high‐reflectivity pump reflector using three cascading fiber Bragg gratings is designed to reflect the residual pump power for L‐band amplification. Both the gains for C‐band and L‐band are larger than 10.0 dB under −10 dBm launched power. Using the remote pumped bidirectional fiber amplifier, the power penalty is only 0.82 dB after 10 Gb/s, 24 km bidirectional transmission. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2553–2556, 2013
Compact wideband bandstop filters with electrically coupled open stubs
Authors: Lee Hyun‐Seung , Lim Won‐Gyu , Kim Choul‐Young 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTIn this article, a compact wideband bandstop filter in the form of open stub combination is proposed. The wideband characteristic of the proposed bandstop filter is due to electrical coupling at the ends of the two open stubs. A stopband is approximately improved by 52% (rejection depth: −20 dB) compared with the case that the end of open stub is uncombined. Proposed structure increases the skirt selectivity and elastically controls the frequency bandwidth and rejection depth. Furthermore, stopband is extended about 125% (rejection depth: −20 dB), when spurline is added to the proposed bandstop filter without any size increment. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2701–2703, 2013