bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First-principles calculations of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in Fe1−x
Co
x
/MgO(001) thin films
Authors: Cai Guanzhi , Wu Zhiming , Guo Fei , Wu Yaping , Li Heng , Liu Qianwen , Fu Mingming , Chen Ting , Kang Junyong 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) of Fe1−x
Co
x
thin films on MgO(001) was investigated via first-principles density-functional calculations. Four different configurations were considered based on their ground states: Fe/MgO, Fe12Co4/MgO, Fe10Co6/MgO, and Fe8Co8/MgO. As the Co composition increases, the amplitude of PMA increases first from Fe/MgO to Fe12Co4/MgO, and then decreases in Fe10Co6/MgO; finally, the magnetic anisotropy becomes horizontal in Fe8Co8/MgO. Analysis based on the second-order perturbation of the spin-orbit interaction was carried out to illustrate the contributions from Fe and Co atoms to PMA, and the differential charge density was calculated to give an intuitive comparison of 3d orbital occupancy. The enhanced PMA in Fe12Co4/MgO is ascribed to the optimized combination of occupied and unoccupied 3d states around the Fermi energy from both interface Fe and Co atoms, while the weaker PMA in Fe10Co6/MgO is mainly attributed to the modulation of the interface Co-d

xy
orbital around the Fermi energy. By adjusting the Co composition in Fe1−x
Co
x
, the density of states of transitional metal atoms will be modulated to optimize PMA for future high-density memory application.
Direct patterning of gold nanoparticles using flexographic printing for biosensing applications
Authors: Benson Jamie , Fung Chung Man , Lloyd Jonathan Stephen , Deganello Davide , Smith Nathan Andrew , Teng Kar Seng 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
In this paper, we have presented the use of flexographic printing techniques in the selective patterning of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) onto a substrate. Highly uniform coverage of AuNPs was selectively patterned on the substrate surface, which was subsequently used in the development of a glucose sensor. These AuNPs provide a biocompatible site for the attachment of enzymes and offer high sensitivity in the detection of glucose due to their large surface to volume ratio. The average size of the printed AuNPs is less than 60 nm. Glucose sensing tests were performed using printed carbon-AuNP electrodes functionalized with glucose oxidase (GOx). The results showed a high sensitivity of 5.52 μA mM−1 cm−2 with a detection limit of 26 μM. We have demonstrated the fabrication of AuNP-based biosensors using flexographic printing, which is ideal for low-cost, high-volume production of the devices.
Effective radiation dose of a MSCT, two CBCT and one conventional radiography device in the ankle region
Authors: Koivisto Juha , Kiljunen Timo , Kadesjö Nils , Shi Xie‐Qi , Wolff Jan 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess and compare the effective doses (ICRP 103) in the ankle region of X‐ray imaging resulting from a multi slice computed tomography (MSCT) device, two cone beam CT (CBCT) devices and one conventional x‐ray device.MethodsOrgan dose measurements were performed using 20 metal oxide field effect transistor (MOSFET) dosimeters that were placed in a custom made anthropomorphic RANDO ankle phantom. The following scanners were assessed in this study: Siemens Sensation Open 24‐slice MSCT‐scanner (120 kVp, 54 mAs), NewTom 5G CBCT scanner (110 kVp, 2.3 ‐ 59 mAs), Planmed Verity CBCT‐scanner (90 kVp, 48 mAs), Shimadzu FH‐21 HR direct radiography equipment (AP + LAT), (57 kVp, 16 mAs).ResultsMeasurements of the MSCT device resulted in 21.4 μSv effective dose. The effective doses of CBCTs were between 1.9 μSv and 14.3 μSv for NewTom 5G and 6.0 μSv for Planmed Verity. Effective doses for the Shimadzu FH‐21 HR conventional radiography were 1.0 μSv (LAT) and 0.5 μSv (AP), respectively.ConclusionsCompared with a conventional 2D radiographic device, this study showed a 14‐fold effective dose for standard MSCT and 1.3 ‐10 fold effective dose for standard CBCT protocols. CBCT devices offers a 3D view of ankle imaging and exhibited lower effective doses compared with MSCT.
Enhancement of periodontal tissue regeneration by transplantation of osteoprotegerin-engineered periodontal ligament stem cells
Authors: Su Fang , Liu Shi-Sen , Ma Jun-Li , Wang Dong-Sheng , E Ling-Ling , Liu Hong-Chen 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Introduction
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the capacity of a tissue-engineered complex of human osteoprotegerin (hOPG)-transfected periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) seeding on beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) to regenerate alveolar bone defects in New Zealand rabbits.

Methods
PDLSCs were isolated from rabbit periodontal ligament tissues and expanded in vitro to enrich PDLSC numbers, and their proliferative activities and differentiation capability were evaluated under specific induction conditions. Lentiviral vector containing hOPG and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) was constructed by using Gateway technology and transfected into rabbit PDLSCs. The expression of hOPG was determined with quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. The PDLSCs with or without engineered hOPG were seeded on β-TCP scaffolds prior to transplantation. Morphological characterization of cells and materials was done by scanning electron microscope. Twenty rabbits with alveolar bone defects were randomly allocated into four groups and transplanted with β-TCP, PDLSCs/β-TCP, and hOPG-transfected PDLSCs/β-TCP or were left untreated as a control. Animals were sacrificed 12 weeks after operation for histological observation and histomorphometric analysis.

Results
PDLSCs expressed STRO-1 and vementin and favored osteogenesis and adipogenesis in conditioned media. Expressions of hOPG were significantly upregulated after transfection of the lentiviral vector into PDLSCs. PDLSCs attached and spread well on β-TCP, and there was no significant difference in growth of PDLSCs on β-TCP between the hOPG transfection group and the non-transfection group. The histological observation and histomorphometric analysis showed that the hOPG-transfected PDLSCs/β-TCP complex exhibited an earlier mineralization and more bone formation inside the scaffold than control, β-TCP, and PDLSCs/β-TCP complexes. Implantation of hOPG-transfected PDLSCs contributed to new bone formation as determined by EGFP gene expression under circularly polarized light microscopy.

Conclusions
The present study demonstrated the feasibility of β-TCP scaffolds for primary PDLSC culture and expression of hOPG gene in vitro and in vivo, and hOPG-transfected PDLSCs could serve as a potential cell source for periodontal bone regeneration, which may shed light on the potential of systemic hOPG gene therapy in combination with PDLSC tissue engineering as a good candidate in periodontal tissue engineering for alveolar bone regeneration.
Social BIMCloud: a distributed cloud-based BIM platform for object-based lifecycle information exchange
Authors: Das Moumita , Cheng Jack CP , Kumar Srinath S 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Background
The architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry lacks a framework for capturing, managing, and exchanging project, product, and social information over the lifecycle of a building. The current tools have various limitations, such as lack of interoperability, slow to transfer huge building model files, and possibility of data inconsistency.

Methods
In this paper, we present a cloud-based BIM server framework namely Social BIMCloud that facilitates BIM information exchange through dynamic merging and splitting of building models. The data model of Social BIMCloud is based on but not limited to IFC. The data model of Social BIMCloud was further extended to accommodate social interactions, by studying the formal modes of communication in the AEC industry. An object-based approach to capture and manage social interactions in AEC projects through a BIM-based visual user interface was also developed and demonstrated.

Results
Social BIMCloud addresses the issues of inefficient data transfer speed and data inconsistency in a distributed environment by facilitating the storage and partial exchange of integrated nD BIM models. Data interoperability is facilitated through open BIM standards such as IFC and direct integration with construction software. High performance, scalability, fault tolerance, and cost effectiveness are facilitated through data partitioning, data replication strategies, multi-node structures, and pay-per-use tariff systems, respectively, through a cloud-based NoSQL database.

Conclusion
The Social BIMCloud framework helps to develop and exchange BIM models, which are rich in project information such as social interactions, cost, and energy analyses. This framework improves the communication efficiency between project participants, leading to better designs and less rework. The information captured by this framework could also be useful to determine important metrics such as industry trends, relationships among project participants, and user requirements.
Optimal consumer search with prospect utility in hybrid uncertain environment
Authors: Zhou Chi , Tang Wansheng , Zhao Ruiqing 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This paper studies a consumer search model with prospect utility in a hybrid uncertain environment. Hybrid uncertainty consists of the uncertainty of the consumer’s valuation for each product and the randomness of stockout. An optimal search strategy is designed for the consumer to search or buy a product. The results show that the presence of prospect utility can result in low purchase threshold. By comparative statics, we demonstrate that the consumer’s purchase threshold for low-value product increases with the risk coefficients for gains and losses, while the purchase threshold for high-value product decreases with the risk coefficients for gains and losses. In addition, we find that the consumer who is more sensitive to the loss will search for much less products. Finally, some numerical examples are given to illustrate the relationships between the model without and with prospect utility and further verify the effectiveness and credibility of the conclusions.
Mitochondrial fusion and fission are involved in stress tolerance of Candida glabrata
Authors: Li Shubo , Liu Liming , Chen Jian 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundRecently, cell tolerance toward environmental stresses has become the major problem in the development of industrial microbial fermentation. Acetoin is an important chemical that can be synthesized by microbes. Its toxicity was investigated usingCandida glabrataas the model in this study.ResultsA series of physiological and biochemical experiments demonstrated that the organic solvent acetoin can inhibit cell growth by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and inducing damage to mitochondria and cell apoptosis. Integrating RT-PCR experiments, the genesfzo1 anddnm1 were overexpressed to regulate the balance between mitochondrial fusion and fission. Enhancement of mitochondrial fusion was shown to significantly increase cell tolerance toward acetoin stress by inhibiting ROS production and increasing the intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) supply, which was also demonstrated by the addition of citrate.ConclusionsRegulating mitochondrial fusion-fission may be an alternative strategy for rationally improving the growth performance of eukaryotes under high environmental stress conditions, and also expands our knowledge of the mechanisms of cell tolerance through the processes of energy-related metabolic pathways.
Feasibility analysis for time-lapse seafloor gravity monitoring of producing gas fields in the Northern Carnarvon Basin, offshore Australia
Authors: Young Wendy May , Lumley David 
Published: March 2015

Highly accurate seafloor gravity data can detect small density changes in subsurface hydrocarbon reservoirs by precisely repositioning the gravimeters on the seafloor. In producing gas fields, these small density changes are primarily caused by production-related changes to the pressure and gas/fluid saturations in the reservoir pore space. Knowledge of the pressure and saturation changes is vital to optimize the gas recovery, especially in offshore environments in which wells are expensive and sparse. We assessed the feasibility of time-lapse seafloor gravity monitoring for the giant gas fields in Australia’s premier hydrocarbon province, the Northern Carnarvon Basin. We determined that gravity monitoring is more feasible for reservoirs with a large areal extent and/or shallow burial depths, with high porosities and high net-to-gross sand ratios. Forward modeling of the gravity responses using simple equivalent geometry shapes and full 3D complex heterogeneous models predicted that density changes in several of these producing gas reservoirs will result in readily detectable gravity signals ([Formula: see text]) within just a year or so of gas production. In a pure water-drive production regime, this gravity response equated to a fieldwide change in the gas-water contact height of approximately 2–3 m, or in a pure depletion-drive regime, a pressure decline equated to approximately 3–4 MPa (435–580 psi). We assessed the feasibility of time-lapse seafloor gravity monitoring for producing gas reservoirs that is flexible and practical, and it may be useful for a wide range of subsurface fluid-flow monitoring applications.
Représentations de Constantinople après la chute. Prolongements idéologiques
Authors: Drakopoulou Eugénie 
Published: March 2015

<p>L'image de Constantinople, liée à son mythe et au mythe du dernier empereur, apparaît après la chute de la ville, dans l'iconographie tant occidentale qu'orthodoxe, sur des icônes portatives, des manuscrits et des fresques dans les églises et les demeures patriciennes.</p><p>L'événement même de la prise de la ville, en tant que représentation indépendante ou incorporée à des cycles iconographiques existants, est représenté plusieurs fois, entre les premières années après la chute et le XIXe siècle, dans la peinture de l'Occident et de l'Orient orthodoxe. L'image de la ville de Constantinople, dans les années suivant sa chute, devient symbole de la supériorité et de la victoire du christianisme, symbole d'opulence, de prospérité et de vie cosmopolite, symbole de la libération de l'hellénisme asservi, mais aussi de la coexistence des mondes orthodoxe et musulman.</p><p>Dans ce travail, nous avons voulu repérer les différents messages, ethno-culturels, politiques et religieux dont sont chargées, selon les époques et les besoins, les représentations de Constantinople dans la peinture après sa prise par les Turcs.</p><p> </p>
The Topography of the Athenian Plain under Ottoman Rule (1456-1821)
Authors: Pallis Georgios 
Published: March 2015

<p>Τhe settlements that developed in the Athenian plain under Ottoman rule are the subject of the following paper. According to the written sources and the surviving monuments, 25 villages and 14 monasteries were spread throughout the area. After a remarkable period of prosperity in the sixteenth century, most of them fell into a continuous state of decline, until the end of the Ottoman era. The history and the organisation of these settlements, the road network that connected them and domestic and church architecture are put under investigation, in order to reconstruct as much as possible the map and the picture of the area during this long period.</p><p> </p>
Greek-Romanian Symbiotic Patterns in the Early Modern Period: History, Mentalities, Institutions - II
Authors: Panou Nikos 
Published: March 2015

<p>This is the second part of a larger study seeking to contribute to a better understanding of the sustained process of religious, socio-political and cultural contact between Greek and Romanian ethnic groups in the early modern period. The two sections published here bring forward and discuss little-known and yet important evidence covering the first two post-Byzantine centuries and are intended to elaborate, supplement or contextualise the materials presented in the first part (which appeared in the previous volume of this journal). Not accidentally, this article ends with an unavoidable reference to the very text that ignited our exploration into the historical landscape of the pre-modern Balkans, a short but striking passage from Matthew of Myra's early seventeenth-century chronicle known as <em>History of Wallachia</em>. Indeed, Matthew's testimony stands out as one of the first conscious attempts to account for the uneasy, but also prolific, dynamic and multi-layered, relationship between the two peoples. It has been the aim of this paper to illustrate the basic patterns of that intricate, as much as intriguing, relationship as it was being shaped in the aftermath of the Byzantine Commonwealth's absorption into the challenging world of the Ottoman Turks.</p><p> </p><p> </p>
Using Natural Sciences for Cultural Expansion: The National Socialist Agenda for the Balkans
Authors: Zarifi Maria 
Published: March 2015

<p>This article highlights the political merit natural sciences were awarded under the totalitarian regime of Nazi Germany and their propagandistic role in Hitler's foreign policy agenda for the Balkans, a region which was expected to replace Germany's colonies lost in World War I. It accounts further for the policies and strategies National Socialists used to exert cultural influence on the countries of South-East Europe, namely through a number of institutions with which natural sciences were in one way or another involved in order to promote German culture abroad. The promotion of the German language and, to a certain degree, the Nazi ideology was a precondition for familiarising the Balkan countries with German scientific achievements, which would pave the way for an economic and political infiltration in that region. Therefore, natural sciences, as part of the German intellect, acquired political and economic connotations hidden behind the euphemistic term of cultural policy, designed for this region of geopolitical importance. The article is based almost exclusively on unpublished German records.</p><p> </p><p> </p>
Crises and Merchant Networks in the nineteenth century: The Case of German Networks in Lombardy
Authors: Poettinger Monika 
Published: March 2015

<p>During the nineteenth century in Continental Europe, merchant networks founded enterprises wherever comparative or absolute advantages related to natural<br />resources or workers’ capabilities, but also changing economic policies, made it profitable. Incessantly comparing the cost-effectiveness of investments, merchant networks enhanced the efficiency of the entire economic system, but also favoured innovation, introducing technological advancements when feasible and potentially remunerative. At the same time, though, economic crises, more and more dependent on manufacturing and less on agricultural cycles, became manifest and an object of theoretical debate. The paper analyzes how merchant networks envisioned economic crises, if at all, and how the economic decision processes of such organizational structures responded to them. It will be ascertained that, more than sectorial imbalances and insufficient demand, the crisis that merchants really feared was the end of credibility and thus of access to credit. Personal failure could dramatically reduce the level of trust, depriving the merchant system of its functioning principle. The chosen framework of analysis describes the actual economic decision process, on which the distribution of production depended, and its<br />relation to economic cycles.</p>
The Crisis of the Long 1850s and Regime Change in the Ionian State and the Kingdom of Greece
Authors: Gekas Sakis 
Published: March 2015

<p>The overthrow of King Othon in 1862 and the decolonization of the Ionian Islands led to the unification of the Ionian State with the Kingdom of Greece. This article argues that the multifaceted crisis of the long 1850s (1847-1862) created a crisis of legitimacy for both the British Protectorate and the Othonian regime. The change of regime represents a case where an economic, social and political crisis set in motion a process of democratization and not the rise of an authoritarian regime (as in the 1930s). The argument balances socio-economic structuralist factors with the contingency of political action that determined the union of the two states; this regime change was the optimal and favoured solution and the way out of the legitimacy crisis for all actors involved.</p>
L’économie agricole grecque face à la longue crise de la première globalisation
Authors: Petmezas Socrate D. 
Published: March 2015

<p>Cette étude traite de la particularité du cas grec au cours de la Grande Dépression (circa 1872-1896). La Grèce, pays agricole, fut protégée par deux facteurs conjoncturels: la destruction imprévue du vignoble français par le phylloxéra et la hausse de la demande en raisin. Dans le même temps, le prix des céréales importées baissait et le bilan commercial du pays s’améliorait. En revanche (et à l’encontre des autres économies européennes), la Grèce devait connaître une grave crise du raisin au début de la relance de l’économie mondiale.</p>
Rebuilding the Future: C. A. Doxiadis and the Greek Reconstruction Effort (1945-1950)
Authors: Kakridis Andreas 
Published: March 2015

<p>The importance of ideas – and the individuals propagating them – is enhanced at times of crisis. When existing arrangements are challenged, new ideas help reconfigure group interests and alliances, forge new institutions and plan the future. This paper looks at one such set of ideas, born in response to the crisis facing Greece’s post-war economy: the views of Constantinos Doxiadis, an architect, senior civil servant and policy-maker active in Greece’s recovery programme. Drawing on policy documents, publications and memoranda, the paper sketches the values, intellectual influences and methods underpinning Doxiadis’ views on reconstruction. This casts light on the origins of his later proposals for a science of ekistics, whilst also undermining the conventional notion that left-wing theorists were alone in advancing progressive views of Greek development before 1947. In fact, Doxiadis’ vision seeks to transcend the Right–Left divide by presenting economic progress as an apolitical, scientific process, which would render ideology irrelevant. Such views owe much to the intellectual tradition of interwar technocracy and played a key role in shaping the concept of economic development after 1945.</p>
Watchtowers, Mastic Contraband and Rural Communities in the Aegean Archipelago under Ottoman Sovereignty
Authors: Ierapetritis Dimitrios G. 
Published: March 2015

<p>The construction of watchtowers on the islands of the Aegean Archipelago was common practice for Western peoples in the context of a systematic effort to provide military protection for agricultural areas and the populations of their rich commercial colonies. After the weakening of these colonies and the arrival of the Ottomans, the watchtowers, known as viglae, continued to operate, as they were closely associated with the socio-economic, everyday life of the region’s residents. Using the case study of the community of 21 mastic-gathering villages (Mastihohoria) of south Chios, this article aims to: a) investigate the main and secondary objectives of the Ottoman administration in maintaining the operation of the viglae; b) study the system of operation of the viglae during the period of Ottoman rule; and c) explore the maintenance of viglae during this era. This article is based on qualitative research, as it studies documents found primarily in archival material, such as notarial acts, communal decisions, and correspondence between members of the Ottoman administration and community representatives, as well as other historical, travel and geographical resources</p>