bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of Mechanics Education by Means of Photoelasticity and Finite Element Method
Authors: Shakerin Said , Jensen Daniel D. 
Published: February 2013

The goal of this project is to enhance mechanics education by incorporating experiments using photoelastic stress analysis and finite element analysis within the existing curricula. Specific instructional objectives for students are to: (a) increase conceptual understanding of stress distribution through photoelastic and finite element based visualization, (b) gain experience with photoelasticity and finite elements including their advantages/limitations, and (c) appreciate the synergism between experimental and numerical methods of stress analysis. At UOP, one transmission polariscope set, one reflection polariscope set, and accompanying accessories have been purchased and installed for students' use. This equipment has also been used for in-class demonstrations and motivational presentations to high school students. Additional apparatus have been made in-house and/or purchased by departments at UOP and USAFA. All mechanical engineering students at UOP have benefited from this project. Several experiments have been introduced in the curriculum, and several student projects have been completed. A similar combination of photoelastsic demonstrations plus finite element results has been used at USAFA, which has exposed both engineering and non-engineering majors to this educational enhancement.
Promoting an Equality Agenda in Adult Literacy Practice Using Non-Text/Creative Methodologies
Authors: Mark Rob 
Published: February 2013

This paper examines the relationship between literacy, equality and creativity and the relevance for adult literacy practices. It looks in particular at how literacy tutors can use creative non-text methods to promote an understanding of equality in learners' lives. Through an examination of the findings from the Literacy and Equality in Irish Society (LEIS) Project (2004–2006), the paper shows how individuals from different fields of research and practice came together to create new insights into how literacy practices might be enacted in different learning contexts. To support this work, the project researched, designed and developed a resource guide (Lamb et al, 2006), which provides support for literacy tutors to explore equality issues using creative non-text methods of learning. Findings show that with appropriate support, tutors and learners can engage in a collaborative research process that has the potential to influence the ongoing development of literacy learning in new and creative ways. They also show that literacy is more than a set of basic skills to be acquired and that literacy, equality and creativity can be understood through the everyday lives and social practices of learners.
Adult Learning Opportunities in Nepal
Authors: Regmi Krishna , Regmi Sharada 
Published: February 2013

This paper presents the initial findings from a study of education system in Nepal. This paper examines the adult learning opportunities within the educational and cultural contexts by reviewing available literature relevant to Nepal. Findings show that there are wider opportunities for adult learning than those considered from education and policy research perspectives, and these include autonomous and self-directed learning as well as learning from life experiences. Study also shows that learning among adults is more than a set of basic skills to be acquired and that literacy, equality and creativity can be understood through the everyday lives and sociocultural practices of learners. The paper concludes by considering the implications of these findings on teaching-learning methodologies suitable for adult education initiatives and for professional practice in Nepal.
High‐Throughput Gene Silencing and mRNA Expression Analysis in Hepatocyte Sandwich Cultures
Authors: Hollingshead Brett D. , Gauthier Lauren M. , Burdick Andrew D. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractPrimary hepatocyte sandwich cultures are useful for a variety of research applications where maintenance of metabolic competency is essential. To ensure an optimal hepatocellular phenotype, cells are seeded on collagen‐coated dishes and embedded with an overlay of Matrigel. This culturing condition makes gene silencing by traditional reagent‐mediated transfection methods challenging. Here, an siRNA delivery method in primary mouse hepatocytes that allows cells to be cultured with Matrigel overlay is described. This method delivers >80% mRNA silencing with minimal alterations in cell viability. A 96‐well format allows for high‐throughput RNA processing and downstream quantitative PCR applications and reduces time and resources. This format is particularly useful when experiments requiring many different sampling conditions (such as pharmacologic dose‐response curves) are required. Curr. Protoc. Toxicol. 55:14.11.1‐14.11.11. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Evaluation of Proliferation of Neural Stem Cells In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Morte Maria Inês , Carreira Bruno P. , Machado Vanessa , Carmo Anália , Nunes‐Correia Isabel , Carvalho Caetana M. , Araújo Inês M. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis unit describes two basic protocols for the detection of the proliferation of neural stem cells (NSC). The first one addresses cell proliferation in cultures, starting with primary cell cultures isolated from the mouse subventricular zone (SVZ), in which SVZ‐derived NSC are kept in culture as neurospheres. By using this culture system, we are able to study different stages of adult neurogenesis, such as proliferation, differentiation, migration, and survival. Thus, in the first basic protocol, we describe two different techniques to evaluate cell proliferation based on EdU incorporation: (a) immunocytochemistry and (b) flow cytometry. EdU, a new thymidine analog, which is detected by a reproducible and sensitive method based on click chemistry, does not require DNA denaturation, as is the case with BrdU. Thus, co‐labeling of EdU with other specific antibodies of extracellular or intracellular targets, as well as other DNA dyes, is possible. In the second basic protocol, we describe an in vivo assay to evaluate proliferation of NSC in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus of adult mice, by both BrdU and EdU detection. With this approach, it is also possible to study different stages of adult neurogenesis, by co‐labeling thymidine analogs with other specific markers, such as doublecortin (DCX) or neuronal nuclei protein (NeuN). Curr. Protoc. Stem Cell Biol. 24:2D.14.1‐2D.14.24. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Bifurcation stenting after failed angioplasty of infrapopliteal arteries in critical limb ischemia: Techniques and short‐term follow‐up
Authors: Werner Martin , Scheinert Susanne , Bausback Yvonne , Bräunlich Sven , Ulrich Matthias , Piorkowski Michael , Scheinert Dierk , Schmidt Andrej 
Published: February 2013

ObjectivesTo report on the efficacy of drug eluting stents (DES) in below the knee lesions involving arterial bifurcations after failed angioplasty.BackgroundDES have become a mainstay in the treatment of below the knee lesions. However, little is known about the efficacy of DES in infapopliteal lesions involving the arterial bifurcations. This is the first report on the endovascular treatment of below‐the knee bifurcations.Methods11 patients with critical lower limb ischemia and complex infrapopliteal atherosclerotic disease underwent provisional DES placement in infrapopliteal bifurcation lesions. Clinical and angiographic follow–up data were prospectively collected in all patients.ResultsTechnical success was achieved in all cases. After 6 months, the two vessel primary patency (2VPP) rate was 54.5% and the 1VPP rate was 81.8%. Between baseline and the follow‐up, mean ankle‐brachial index increased from 0.31 ± 0.10 to 0.68 ± 0.16, and mean Rutherford–Becker class decreased from 4.73 ± 0.20 to 3.00 ± 1.41 (P < 0.001 for both comparisons).ConclusionsBifurcation stenting techniques, that are described for the coronary arteries can be also performed in the infrapopliteal arteries. However, early reocclusion was frequent in this case series, when stenting was performed in a bail‐out setting. If balloon angioplasty alone leads to no sufficient results in bifurcation lesions, a single stent strategy could also be considered. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: The New Barium Zinc Mercurides Ba3ZnHg10 and BaZn0.6Hg3.4 — Synthesis, Crystal and Electronic Structure.
Authors: Schwarz Michael , Wendorff Marco , Roehr Caroline 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared from stoichiometric mixtures of the elements (Ta crucibles, Ar, 975—1025 K).
ChemInform Abstract: New Rare‐Earth Metal Germanides with Bismuth Substitution. Synthesis, Structural Variations, and Magnetism of the RE[BixGe1‐x]2 (RE: Y, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd—Tm, Lu) Compounds.
Authors: Zhang Jiliang , Hmiel Benjamin , Antonelli Anthony , Tobash Paul H. , Bobev Svilen , Saha Shanta , Kirshenbaum Kevin , Greene Richard L. , Paglione Johnpierre 
Published: February 2013

AbstractSingle crystals of the title compounds are prepared from the elements using excess Bi as a flux (alumina crucible in a fused silica tube, 1273 K, 20 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Identifying a Structural Preference in Reduced Rare‐Earth Metal Halides by Combining Experimental and Computational Techniques.
Authors: Steinberg Simon , Brgoch Jakoah , Miller Gordon J. , Meyer Gerd 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe new compounds {MLa3}Br3 (M: Ru, Ir) are prepared from stoichiometric mixtures of LaBr3, La, and M (Ta containers, 1050 °C, 7 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Intrinsic Single‐Band Upconversion Emission in Colloidal Yb/Er(Tm):Na3Zr(Hf)F7 Nanocrystals.
Authors: Chen Daqin , Lei Lei , Zhang Rui , Yang Anping , Xu Ju , Wang Yuansheng 
Published: February 2013

AbstractLanthanoid‐doped Na3Zr(Hf)F7 nanocrystals are prepared solvothermally from EtOH solutions containing MOCl2 (M: Zr, Hf), Ln(NO3)3 (Ln: La—Lu), NH4F, sodium oleate, oleic acid, oleylamine, and H2O (autoclave, 130 °C, 12 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Rare‐Earth Chromium Gallides RE4CrGa12 (RE: Tb—Tm).
Authors: Slater Brianna R. , Bie Haiying , Stoyko Stanislav S. , Bauer Eric D. , Thompson Joe D. , Mar Arthur 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe new title compounds are prepared from the elements with excess Ga acting as a self‐flux (1000 °C, 7 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Bulk Superconductivity in Bismuth Oxysulfide Bi4O4S3.
Authors: Singh Shiva Kumar , Kumar Anuj , Gahtori Bhasker , Shruti Shruti , Sharma Gyaneshwar , Patnaik Satyabrata , Awana Veer P. S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe title compound is synthesized by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of Bi, Bi2O3, and sulfur (pressed pellets in an evacuated quartz tube, 500 °C, 2x18 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Elucidation of Tetraboric Acid with a New Borate Fundamental Building Block in a Chiral Uranyl Fluoroborate.
Authors: Wang Shuao , Parker T. Gannon , Grant Daniel J. , Diwu Juan , Alekseev Evgeny V. , Depmeier Wulf , Gagliardi Laura , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractRb2 [(UO2)2B8O12F6] ·H2B4O7 is synthesized from mixtures of UO2(NO3)2, H3BO3, RbBF4, and H2O (autoclave, 220 °C, 5 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of N‐Benzylidenebenzylamine from Benzylamine under the Action of Iron‐Containing Catalysts in CCl4.
Authors: Khusnutdinov R. I. , Baygusina A. R. , Aminov R. I. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA direct synthesis of N‐benzylidenebenzylamine (II) from benzylamine (I) is achieved with 92 to 96% yield in the presence of iron‐containing catalysts performing the reaction in excess of tetrachloromethane.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligand‐Free Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Cross‐Coupling of Aryl Halides with Oxalate Monoester Salts.
Authors: Li Yan , Chen Huan‐Huan , Wang Chu‐Fei , Xu Xiao‐Lan , Feng Yi‐Si 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA convenient protocol is developed which tolerates aryl iodides or activated bromobenzene derivatives to produce functionalized aromatic esters.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(II) Complex with a Potential N4‐Type Schiff‐Base Ligand as Highly Efficient Catalyst for Suzuki—Miyaura Reactions in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Banik Biplab , Tairai Archana , Shahnaz Nasifa , Das Pankaj 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe air‐stable new complex renders possible the preparation of various biaryls in aqueous media.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient One‐Step Synthesis of C3‐Symmetrical Benzenoid Compounds Mediated by SOCl2/EtOH.
Authors: Zhao Sanhu , Kang Lina , Ge Haixia , Yang Feifei , Wang Chenlu , Li Chang , Wang Qiang , Zhao Minggen 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAn efficient trisannulation and further aromatization of aryl methyl ketones leading to novel C3‐symmetrical benzenoid compounds is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: D‐Glucosamine Based‐Phosphine for Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions in the Supported Aqueous Phase Catalysis System.
Authors: Wojcik Karolina , Goux‐Henry Catherine , Andrioletti Bruno , Pietrusiewicz K. Michal , Framery Eric 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA preformed Pd(II) complex is immobilized on silica and successfully applied to the title process.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fluorenone Derivatives Through Pd‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Cyclization.
Authors: Li Hu , Zhu Ru‐Yi , Shi Wen‐Juan , He Ke‐Han , Shi Zhang‐Jie 
Published: February 2013

AbstractFluorenone derivatives bearing strong electron‐withdrawing groups such as ‐NO2 and ‐CN are not generated.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Alkene Carboetherification: Synthesis of Fused‐Ring and Bridged‐Ring Tetrahydrofurans.
Authors: Miller Yan , Miao Lei , Hosseini Azade S. , Chemler Sherry R. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractFor the first time the title reaction is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of 3‐Cyano‐3‐benzoyloxyoxindoles via Cyanoacylation of Isatins in the Presence of 4 Å Molecular Sieves.
Authors: Esmaeili Abbas Ali , Ghalandarabad Saeid Amini , Zangouei Mahdieh 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe method allows the preparation of isatin derivatives with high functionalization at C‐3.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Use of a Surfactant for Copper‐Catalyzed Coupling Reaction of Arylboronic Acids with Imidazoles in Water.
Authors: Inamoto Kiyofumi , Nozawa Kanako , Kadokawa Jun , Kondo Yoshinori 
Published: February 2013

AbstractCopper‐catalyzed oxidative coupling of arylboronic acids with imidazoles can be performed in water just using an amphiphilic surfactant.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Reactions and Anthelmintic Activity of 1‐[Benzimidazol‐2‐yl]‐4‐formyl‐3‐[2′‐(substituted phenyl)indole‐3‐yl] Pyrazoles.
Authors: Sharma Kanti , jian Renuka 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA green synthesis of the title 4‐formylpyrazoles (V) and their conversion into corresponding chalcones (VII) and Schiff bases (IX) are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis of 5‐Iminooxazolines and Their Subsequent Transformation to α,α‐Disubstituted Dipeptide Esters: A Formal [4 + 1] Cycloaddition Reaction of Cyclohexyl Isocyanide and Z‐Alkyl‐α‐benzoyl Amino‐Acrylates.
Authors: Esmaeili Abbas Ali , Shahmansouri Shima , Habibi Azizollah , Fakhari Ali Reza 
Published: February 2013

AbstractReaction of Z‐α‐benzoyl amino‐acrylic acid alkyl esters (I) with cyclohexyl isocyanide (II) gives iminooxazolines (III) under solvent‐free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Hetero‐Diels—Alder Reaction of 1,3‐Bis(silyloxy)‐1,3‐dienes with Aldehydes Catalyzed by Chiral Disulfonimide.
Authors: Guin Joyram , Rabalakos Constantinos , List Benjamin 
Published: February 2013

Abstract2,6‐Disubstituted and 2,5,6‐trisubstituted dihydropyranones are prepared from aromatic, heteroaromatic, or conjugated aromatic aldehydes and a variety of 1,3‐bis(silyloxy)‐1,3‐dienes or analogues in the presence of only 1 mol% of the new axially chiral disulfonimide (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthetic Route Toward Benzofuranpyridine‐Based Spirans.
Authors: Voskressensky Leonid G. , Kovaleva Svetlana , Borisova Tatiana N. , Eresko Alexandr B. , Tolkumov Valery S. , Tolkumov Sergey V. , Khrustalev Victor N. , Varlamov Alexey V. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA novel domino reaction of tetrahydrobenzofuropyridines with activated alkynes leads to benzofuropyridine‐based spirans which may be considered as analogues of the antifungal drug griseofulvin.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Metal/Organo‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative sp3 C—H Olefination of Tertiary Amines Using Molecular Oxygen as the Sole Oxidant.
Authors: Zhang Gen , Ma Yunxia , Wang Shoulei , Zhang Yaohu , Wang Rui 
Published: February 2013

AbstractN‐Aryltetrahydroisoquinolines are olefinated by acrylaldehyde, methyl or ethyl vinyl ketone, or acrylonitrile in the presence of a copper(II)/quinine catalyst system to give the corresponding 1‐alkenyltetrahydroisoquinolines (22 examples) with up to 99% enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Indium(III) Triflate Catalyzed Transacetalization Reactions of Diols and Triols under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Smith Brendan M. , Kubczyk Tomasz M. , Graham Andrew E. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAcyclic acetals and ketals undergo transacetalization with diols and triols in the presence of catalytic amounts of indium(III) triflate under solvent‐free conditions to generate the corresponding cyclic acetals and ketals in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Biginelli Reaction Catalyzed by a Simple Chiral Primary Amine Catalyst: Asymmetric Synthesis of Dihydropyrimidines.
Authors: Xu Da‐Zhen , Li Hui , Wang Yongmei 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe present asymmetric Biginelli reaction is promoted by the chiral bifunctional primary amine—pyridine catalyst CDP in combination with hydrochloric acid.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of 4(3H)‐Quinazolinones from Azides, Alkynes, Anilines, and Carbon Monoxide.
Authors: Shen Yang , Han Chao , Cai Shuying , Lu Ping , Wang Yanguang 
Published: February 2013

AbstractGenerally, the amidine intermediates undergo Pd‐catalyzed carbonylation and hydrolysis of the sulfonamide substituent to afford the desired heterocyclic ring system.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective N9 Alkylation of Purine Rings Assisted by β‐Cyclodextrin.
Authors: Zhang Qian , Cheng Gang , Huang Yong‐Zhen , Qu Gui‐Rong , Niu Hong‐Ying , Guo Hai‐Ming 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn the presence of β‐cyclodextrin, purine is effectively alkylated at N9 using water as solvent.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Characterization of New C2‐ and C1‐Symmetric Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorous, and Sulfur Derivatives and Analogues of TADDOL. Part 3. Some New Chiral Broensted Acids for Organocatalysis and pKa Values in MeO—(CH2)2—OH/H2O — A Survey
Authors: Seebach Dieter , Beck Albert K. , Bichsel Hans‐Ulrich , Pichota Arkadius , Sparr Christof , Wuensch Ralf , Schweizer W. Bernd 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA brief overview is given involving the role of TADDOLs as H‐bond donors and the importance of an intramolecular H‐bond for acidity enhancement.
ChemInform Abstract: Ultrasound‐Assisted Synthesis of 3‐(Arylamino)‐1‐ferrocenylpropan‐1‐ones.
Authors: Pejovic Anka , Stevanovic Dragana , Damljanovic Ivan , Vukicevic Mirjana , Novakovic Sladjana B. , Bogdanovic Goran A. , Mihajilov‐Krstev Tatjana , Radulovic Niko , Vukicevic Rastko D. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractUnder solvent‐free conditions and using montmorillonite K‐10 as catalyst, the ultrasonic irradiation of acryloylferrocene and arylamines affords the title ferrocenylamines (III) (17 examples), which all exhibit antibacterial activity against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative strains.
ChemInform Abstract: Alternative Synthesis and the Determination of Absolute Configuration of Docetaxel, an Anticancer Drug.
Authors: Sekhar N. M. , Vishweshwar Peddy , Acharyulu Palle V. R. , Anjaneyulu Yerramilli 
Published: February 2013

AbstractFor the first time, the absolute configuration of the title compound (I) is determined unambiguously by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine and Its Interhalogen Compounds: Versatile Reagents in Carbohydrate Chemistry. Part 25. A Facile and Convenient Synthesis of Disarmed Glycosyl Fluorides Using in situ Generated Iodine Monofluoride.
Authors: Mugunthan G. , Kartha K. P. Ravindranathan 
Published: February 2013

AbstractVarious thioglycosides are investigated to yield the α‐anomeric glycosyl fluorides exclusively.
Cardiac Valve Involvement in Systemic Diseases: A Review
Authors: Grimaldi Antonio , De Gennaro Luisa , Chiara Vermi Anna , Pappalardo Federico , Daniele Brunetti Natale , Di Biase Matteo , La Canna Giovanni , Alfieri Ottavio 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIncreasing age and new trends of mixed populations have newly aroused interest in valvular heart disease in the developed countries still in need of new clinical insights. In the clinical setting of systemic diseases, the proper assessment of cardiovascular abnormalities may be challenging, and the characterization of valvular involvement might help to recognize the underlying disease and cardiac sequelae. Prompt identification of valvular lesions may, therefore, also be useful for differential diagnosis. This article reviews the cardiac involvement in systemic diseases from etiology and background definition to echocardiographic assessment and clinical interpretation.The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Preparation of DNA from cytological material
Authors: Dejmek Annika , Zendehrokh Nooreldin , Tomaszewska Malgorzata , Edsjö Anders 
Published: February 2013

BACKGROUNDPersonalized oncology requires molecular analysis of tumor cells. Several studies have demonstrated that cytological material is suitable for DNA analysis, but to the authors' knowledge there are no systematic studies comparing how the yield and quality of extracted DNA is affected by the various techniques used for the preparation of cytological material.METHODSDNA yield and quality were compared using cultured human lung cancer cells subjected to different preparation techniques used in routine cytology, including fixation, mounting medium, and staining. The results were compared with the outcome of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) genotyping of 66 clinical cytological samples using the same DNA preparation protocol.RESULTSAll tested protocol combinations resulted in fragment lengths of at least 388 base pairs. The mounting agent EcoMount resulted in higher yields than traditional xylene‐based medium. Spray and ethanol fixation resulted in both a higher yield and better DNA quality than air drying. In liquid‐based cytology (LBC) methods, CytoLyt solution resulted in a 5‐fold higher yield than CytoRich Red. Papanicolaou staining provided twice the yield of hematoxylin and eosin staining in both liquid‐based preparations. Genotyping outcome and quality control values from the clinical EGFR genotyping demonstrated a sufficient amount and amplifiability of DNA in both spray‐fixed and air‐dried cytological samples.CONCLUSIONSReliable clinical genotyping can be performed using all tested methods. However, in the cell line experiments, spray‐ or ethanol‐fixed, Papanicolaou‐stained slides provided the best results in terms of yield and fragment length. In LBC, the DNA recovery efficiency of the preserving medium may differ considerably, which should be taken into consideration when introducing LBC. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2013;121:344–353. © 2013 American Cancer Society.