bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective validation of predictive value of abdominal computed tomography scan on time to first treatment in Rai 0 chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients: results of the multicenter O‐CLL1‐GISL study
Authors: Gentile Massimo , Cutrona Giovanna , Molica Stefano , Ilariucci Fiorella , Mauro Francesca R. , Di Renzo Nicola , Di Raimondo Francesco , Vincelli Iolanda , Todoerti Katia , Matis Serena , Musolino Caterina , Fabris Sonia , Lionetti Marta , Levato Luciano , Zupo Simona , Angrilli Francesco , Consoli Ugo , Festini Gianluca , Longo Giuseppe , Cortelezzi Agostino , Musto Pellegrino , Federico Massimo , Neri Antonino , Ferrarini Manlio , Morabito Fortunato 
Published: March 2015

AbstractObjectiveWe performed an external and multicentric validation of the predictive value of abdominal computed tomography (aCT) on time to first treatment (TTFT) in early stage chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients.MethodsaCT was performed at diagnosis in 181 Rai 0 patients enrolled in the O‐CLL1‐GISL trial (clinicaltrial.gov ID:NCT00917549).ResultsFifty‐five patients showed an abnormal aCT. Patients with an abnormal aCT showed a significantly shorter TTFT than those with normal aCT (P < 0.0001). At multivariate analysis, aCT (P = 0.011), β‐2 microglobulin (P = 0.019), and CD38 expression (P = 0.047) correlated with TTFT. Following IWCLL 2008 criteria, 112 (61.9%) cases remained at Rai 0, while 69 (38.1%) satisfied the criteria of clinical monoclonal B‐cell lymphocytosis (cMBL). Reclassified Rai 0 patients with an abnormal aCT showed a significantly shorter TTFT than those with a normal aCT (P < 0.0001). At multivariate analysis, only aCT (P = 0.011) correlated with TTFT. Eleven cMBL cases (15.9%) showed an abnormal aCT and were reclassified as small lymphocytic lymphomas (SLL); nonetheless, TTFT was similar for cMBLs and SLLs.ConclusionOur results confirm the ability of the abnormal aCT to predict progression in early stage cases.
Fighting microbial drug resistance: a primer on the role of evolutionary biology in public health
Authors: Perron Gabriel G. , Inglis R. Fredrik , Pennings Pleuni S. , Cobey Sarah 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAlthough microbes have been evolving resistance to antimicrobials for millennia, the spread of resistance in pathogen populations calls for the development of new drugs and treatment strategies. We propose that successful, long‐term resistance management requires a better understanding of how resistance evolves in the first place. This is an opportunity for evolutionary biologists to engage in public health, a collaboration that has substantial precedent. Resistance evolution has been an important tool for developing and testing evolutionary theory, especially theory related to the genetic basis of new traits and constraints on adaptation. The present era is no exception. The articles in this issue highlight the breadth of current research on resistance evolution and also its challenges. In this introduction, we review the conceptual advances that have been achieved from studying resistance evolution and describe a path forward.
Integrating evolution in the management of captive zoo populations
Authors: Schulte‐Hostedde Albrecht I. , Mastromonaco Gabriela F. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBoth natural animal populations and those in captivity are subject to evolutionary forces. Evolutionary changes to captive populations may be an important, but poorly understood, factor that can affect the sustainability of these populations. The importance of maintaining the evolutionary integrity of zoo populations, especially those that are used for conservation efforts including reintroductions, is critical for the conservation of biodiversity. Here, we propose that a greater appreciation for an evolutionary perspective may offer important insights that can enhance the reproductive success and health for the sustainability of captive populations. We provide four examples and associated strategies that highlight this approach, including minimizing domestication (i.e., genetic adaptation to captivity), integrating natural mating systems into captive breeding protocols, minimizing the effects of translocation on variation in photoperiodism, and understanding the interplay of parasites/pathogens and inflammation. There are a myriad of other issues that may be important for captive populations, and we conclude that these may often be species specific. Nonetheless, an evolutionary perspective may mitigate some of the challenges currently facing captive populations that are important from a conservation perspective, including their sustainability.
Essential oils in the management of the donkey louse, Bovicola ocellatus
Authors: Ellse L. , Sands B. , Burden F. A. , Wall R. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryReasons for performing studyChewing lice are widespread and clinically compromising parasites of livestock and equids. Their management is complicated by growing levels of resistance to commonly applied insecticides. Hence, the development of novel approaches to their control is of major clinical interest.ObjectivesTo assess the effects of incorporating the essential oils of tea tree and lavender into a grooming programme for populations of donkeys with natural infestations of Bovicola ocellatus in the UK and Ireland when louse populations were at their winter seasonal peak.Study designIn vivo field trial.MethodsSuspensions of 5% (v/v) tea tree or lavender oil or an excipient only control were groomed into the coats of winter‐housed donkeys (n = 198) on 2 occasions, 2 weeks apart. Louse counts were conducted before each application and 2 weeks later.ResultsAfter 2 applications, the groups groomed with lavender or tea tree oil suspensions had a significant reduction in louse intensity, with a mean decline in louse abundance of 78% (95% confidence interval 76–80%). Louse numbers in the groups groomed with excipient only either did not change or increased significantly. Donkey hair length had no effect on the decline in louse numbers.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that the inclusion of essential oil suspensions during grooming can be used to manage louse populations successfully.
The Summary is available in Chinese – see Supporting Information.
Cardiovascular effects of pimobendan in healthy mature horses
Authors: Afonso T. , Giguère S. , Rapoport G. , Barton M. H. , Coleman A. E. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryReasons for performing studyPimobendan is an inodilator used in dogs for the management of heart failure due to myxomatous valve disease or dilated cardiomyopathy. The lack of data regarding the effects of pimobendan in horses prevents the rational use of this drug.ObjectiveTo determine the cardiovascular effects of pimobendan in healthy mature horses.Study designRandomised experimental study.MethodsFive horses were fasted overnight prior to receiving i.v. pimobendan (0.25 mg/kg bwt), intragastric (i.g.) pimobendan (0.25 mg/kg bwt) or i.g. placebo with a washout period of one week between each administration. Horses were instrumented for the measurement of right ventricular (RV) minimum pressure,RVmaximum pressure,RVend diastolic pressure, and maximum rate of increase and decrease inRVpressure before and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 h after drug administration. Arterial blood pressure, central venous pressure, cardiac output and heart rate were measured at the same time points. Data were expressed as a maximum percentage of change over baseline values.ResultsThere were no adverse effects associated with administration of pimobendan. The percentage increase in heart rate was significantly greater for horses given pimobendan i.g. (33 ± 4%) and i.v. (36 ± 14%) than for those given a placebo (−2 ± 7%). The percentage increase in maximum rate of increase inRVpressure (35 ± 36%) and the percentage decrease in minimum pressure (47 ± 24%) and end diastolic pressure (34 ± 13%) were significantly greater in horses given pimobendan i.v. than in those given placebo. Other variables measured were not significantly different between treatment groups.ConclusionPimobendan administered i.v. has positive chronotropic and inotropic effects in healthy mature horses and warrants further investigation for the treatment of heart failure in horses.
Medial patellar ligament splitting in horses with upward fixation of the patella: A long‐term follow‐up
Authors: Andersen C. , Tnibar A. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryReasons for performing studyMedial patellar ligament splitting (MPLS) has been shown to be a highly effective and minimally invasive treatment for upward fixation of the patella (UFP) in horses. However, long‐term follow‐up results of this procedure have not previously been reported.ObjectivesTo evaluate the long‐term resolution of UFP following MPLS and provide information on complications and recurrence.Study designRetrospective case series.MethodsData were collected from horses that underwent MPLS between 1999 and 2013. All cases had a confirmed diagnosis of UFP that had not responded to conservative therapy. Data were collected from medical records, including follow‐up visits and through telephone conversations with the owner, trainer or referring veterinarian.ResultsA total of 85 horses were included. Fifty‐eight horses (68%) had surgery under general anaesthesia in dorsal recumbency, while 27 horses (32%) underwent standing surgery and 97.6% had complete resolution of the UFP immediately after surgery or within the 2 week rehabilitation period. Two cases (2.4%) had only unilateral resolution after bilateral surgery, even after the procedure was repeated. The majority of cases (90.5%) were followed up at least 3 and up to 14 years after surgery. No short‐ or long‐term complications were reported. No recurrence of UFP was observed in the horses that resumed exercise after surgery.ConclusionsMedial patellar ligament splitting is a highly effective and minimally invasive surgical procedure to treat UFP when conservative treatment is unsuccessful. In addition, it allows for a very rapid return to sports activity. No short‐ or long‐term complications were observed and no recurrence of this condition was noted.
VHR/DUSP3 phosphatase: structure, function and regulation
Authors: Pavic Karolina , Duan Guangyou , Köhn Maja 
Published: March 2015

Vaccinia H1‐related (VHR) phosphatase, also known as dual‐specificity phosphatase (DUSP) 3, is a small member of theDUSP(also calledDSP) family of phosphatases.VHRhas a preference for phospho‐tyrosine substrates, and has important roles in cellular signaling ranging from cell‐cycle regulation and theDNAdamage response toMAPKsignaling, platelet activation and angiogenesis.VHR/DUSP3 has been implicated in several human cancers, where its tumor‐suppressing and ‐promoting properties have been described. We give a detailed overview ofVHR/DUSP3 phosphatase and compare it with its most closely related phosphatasesDUSP13B,DUSP26 andDUSP27.
Clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of super‐elderly hepatocellular carcinoma patients not indicated for surgical resection
Authors: Kinoshita Akiyoshi , Onoda Hiroshi , Ueda Kaoru , Imai Nami , Iwaku Akira , Tanaka Ken , Fushiya Nao , Koike Kazuhiko , Nishino Hirokazu , Tajiri Hisao 
Published: March 2015

AimConsidering the dramatic increase in average life expectancy during the 20th century throughout the world, the management of elderly patients with cancer has become a global issue. We herein investigated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of super‐elderly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients over 80 years old not indicated for surgical resection.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 206 newly diagnosed HCC patients. The patients were divided into two groups according to their age at inclusion; a super‐elderly group (n = 37, ≥80 years) and a younger group (n = 169, <80 years). We compared the clinical characteristics, overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) rates among the two groups. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with the OS and DSS.ResultsThe proportion of women was higher in the super‐elderly group than in the younger group (P = 0.017). There were no significant differences in the OS (P = 0.171) or DSS (P = 0.176) between the two groups. The multivariate analysis revealed that only the Cancer Liver Italian Program score (hazard ratio [HR], 2.972; P < 0.0001; HR, 3.694; P < 0.0001) was independently associated with the OS and DSS. Age was not found to be associated with the OS or DSS according to either the univariate or multivariate analysis.ConclusionThere were no significant differences in the OS and DSS rates among the super‐elderly HCC patients and younger HCC patients not indicated for surgical resection. An advanced age itself does not restrict the therapeutic approach, even in super‐elderly HCC patients not indicated for surgical resection.
Effects of antiviral therapy for hepatitis C following treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: survey findings of the Japanese Red Cross Liver Study Group
Authors: Joko Kouji , Goto Tohru , Watanabe Hiroshi , Mitsuda Akari , Uchida Yasushi , Hasebe Chitomi , Tsuruta Shotaro , Kimura Hiroyuki , Koike Takero , Akamatsu Takuji , Mashiba Toshie , Ochi Hironori , Nakamura Yoshiko , Tsuchiya Kaoru , Kurosaki Masayuki , Izumi Namiki 
Published: March 2015

AimTo investigate, in a large number of cases at multiple institutions, the effects and limitations of antiviral therapy for hepatitis C following treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in clinical practice.MethodsRetrospective analysis was performed of 112 patients who had received interferon (IFN) for treating hepatitis C following treatment of HCC and were registered with the Japanese Red Cross Liver Study Group. Factors that may influence recurrence and survival rates were investigated.ResultsFactors involved in prevention of recurrence were: surgical resection as HCC treatment, platelet and α‐fetoprotein (AFP) levels prior to IFN administration, IFN adherence and post‐IFN AFP level. Multivariate analysis showed post‐IFN AFP level to be an independent factor. Factors involved in prolonging survival were: IFN adherence, IFN response (sustained viral response), pre‐IFN alanine aminotransferase and AFP levels, post‐IFN AFP level and absence of recurrence. Multivariate analysis showed absence of recurrence to be an independent factor. Although IFN adherence was involved in recurrence and survival, ribavirin adherence was not. IFN was suggested to be involved in preventing recurrence and improving survival due not only to its anti‐viral effect, but also its antitumor effect.ConclusionAlthough complete prevention of HCC recurrence is difficult, the most important factor affecting first recurrence is the AFP level at 6 months after the conclusion of antiviral treatment. The survival rate improves dramatically if the hepatitis C virus is eliminated, but the most important factor for improving survival is absence of recurrence.
Development of a medication monitoring attitude measure using a mixed methods item development process
Authors: Witry Matthew J , Wesely Pamela M , Goedken Amber M , Ernst Erika J , Sorofman Bernard A , Doucette William R 
Published: March 2015

AbstractObjectivesMedication monitoring is important for safe and effective medication use; however, no attitudinal measure exists for a health care provider's medication monitoring attitude. The objectives of this study were to (1) create a measure of a community pharmacist medication monitoring attitude; (2) test concurrent validity using a validated measure of medication monitoring behaviours; and (3) report community pharmacist attitudes towards medication monitoring.MethodsA mixed methods item development process was employed to generate Likert-type items from qualitative interviews. Following item review and piloting, a four-contact survey, including 20 6-point Likert-type items and the four-item Behavioral Pharmaceutical Care Scale monitoring domain, was mailed to 599 randomly sampled US community pharmacists from the state of Iowa. Exploratory factor analysis, Pearson's correlation and descriptive statistics were used to address study objectives.Key findingsThere were 254 (42.4%) returned and usable surveys. Factor analysis yielded two domains, a seven-item, positively worded internal (α = 0.819) and an eight-item, negatively worded external domain (α = 0.811). Both domains were positively correlated with the monitoring domain of the Behavioral Pharmaceutical Care Scale supporting convergent validity. Overall, respondents had a positive internal monitoring attitude with a mean of 4.62 (0.68), although many practiced in an environment less conducive to monitoring, as evident by a mean of 3.13 (0.88). Pharmacists were more oriented towards medication side effect and effectiveness monitoring than nonadherence monitoring.ConclusionsThe mixed methods item development process created a reliable and valid measure of a pharmacist's medication monitoring attitude. While pharmacists had an overall positive medication monitoring attitude, improvements are needed to bolster adherence monitoring and make pharmacy environments more conducive to monitoring.
Transvesicoscopic ureteral reimplantation: Politano–Leadbetter versus Cohen technique
Authors: Soh Shigehiro , Kobori Yoshitomo , Shin Takeshi , Suzuki Keisuke , Iwahata Toshiyuki , Sadaoka Yuko , Sato Ryo , Nishi Morihiro , Iwamura Masatsugu , Okada Hiroshi 
Published: March 2015

ObjectivesTo compare the outcomes of the Politano–Leadbetter and Cohen techniques in laparoscopic pneumovesicum approach for ureteral reimplantation.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 24 patients who underwent transvesicoscopic ureteral reimplantation during the period from 2007 to 2014. The patients were treated with either the Cohen or Politano–Leadbetter technique. Operative duration, duration of hospital stay, and success and complication rates were compared.ResultsOperative duration was 1 h longer for the Politano–Leadbetter technique than for the Cohen technique (P < 0.05). Foley catheters were removed 2–3 days after the procedures. The mean hospital stay was 3.6 days. Reflux completely resolved in 21 patients (35 ureters, 94.6%), but not in two patients (2 ureters). There was no difference in the success rate or durations of catheterization or hospital stay between patients treated with the Politano–Leadbetter technique and those treated with the Cohen technique.ConclusionsThe Politano–Leadbetter and Cohen techniques are both reliable for transvesicoscopic ureteral reimplantation. Despite a longer operative time, because of the higher surgical complexity, the Politano–Leadbetter ureteral reimplantation offers important physiological advantages over other techniques.
Promotion or marketing of the nursing profession by nurses
Authors: Kagan I. , Biran E. , Telem L. , Steinovitz N. , Alboer D. , Ovadia K.L. , Melnikov S. 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundIn recent years, much effort has been invested all over the world in nurse recruitment and retention. Issues arising in this context are low job satisfaction, the poor public image of nursing and the reluctance of nurses to promote or market their profession.AimThis study aimed to examine factors explaining the marketing of the nursing profession by nurses working at a general tertiary medical centre in Israel.MethodOne hundred sixty‐nine registered nurses and midwives from five clinical care units completed a structured self‐administered questionnaire, measuring (a) professional self‐image, (b) job satisfaction, (c) nursing promotional and marketing activity questionnaire, and (d) demographic data.ResultsThe mean scores for the promotion of nursing were low. Nurses working in an intensive cardiac care unit demonstrated higher levels of promotional behaviour than nurses from other nursing wards in our study. Nurse managers reported higher levels of nursing promotion activity compared with first‐line staff nurses. There was a strong significant correlation between job satisfaction and marketing behaviour. Multiple regression analysis shows that 15% of the variance of promoting the nursing profession was explained by job satisfaction and job position.ConclusionNurses are not inclined to promote or market their profession to the public or to other professions. The policy on the marketing of nursing is inadequate.Implications for nursing or health policyA three‐level (individual, organizational and national) nursing marketing programme is proposed for implementation by nurse leadership and policy makers. Among proposed steps to improve marketing of the nursing profession are promotion of the image of nursing by the individual nurse in the course of her or his daily activities, formulation and implementation of policies and programmes to promote the image of nursing at the organizational level and drawing up of a long‐term programme for promoting or marketing the professional status of nursing at the national level.
Antiegalitarians for affirmative action? When social dominance orientation is positively related to support for egalitarian social policies
Authors: Ho Geoffrey C. , Unzueta Miguel M. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPrevious research has found that people high in social dominance orientation (i.e., antiegalitarians) generally oppose affirmative action policies. We propose that antiegalitarians may be less opposed to strong affirmative action policies because such policies may be perceived to ultimately strengthen racial hierarchies. Studies 1 and 2 demonstrate that antiegalitarian individuals are less opposed to affirmative action policies, as compared to egalitarian individuals, when such policies strongly weigh minority status in selection decisions. Study 3 provides evidence that antiegalitarians lessen their opposition to strong policies only when such policies are believed to enhance racial hierarchies through the recruitment of minorities that remain at the bottom of organizational hierarchies. Theoretical, political, and organizational implications are discussed.
Non‐invasive diagnosis of sweat gland dysplasia using optical coherence tomography and reflectance confocal microscopy in a family with anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (Christ–Siemens–Touraine syndrome)
Authors: Reinholz M. , Gauglitz G.G. , Giehl K. , Braun‐Falco M. , Schwaiger H. , Schauber J. , Ruzicka T. , Berneburg M. , von Braunmühl T. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundAnhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (AED) is an inherited syndrome, which originates mainly from genetic alteration of the ectodysplasin A (EDA) gene. It regularly affects the adnexa of the skin which results in a characteristic phenotype of the patients including hypo‐ or anhidrosis leading to severe disturbances in the regulation of body temperature.ObjectivesTo prevent the development of the symptoms in early childhood promising therapeutic approaches are currently under clinical investigation. In this context, timely diagnosis of this genetic syndrome is crucial. The purpose of our study was the investigation of modern non‐invasive imaging methods such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) in the immediate diagnosis of AED.MethodsWe examined a 3‐year‐old boy with the suspicion for an AED syndrome and his family members with RCM and OCT to document presence and characteristic features of sweat glands in comparison to non‐affected individuals.ResultsThe patient and the affected brother showed significantly reduced sweat glands in the imaging compared to the controls. The genetic analysis revealed a mutation of the EDA gene for hemizygosity previously associated with AED and the mother was revealed as the conductor of the genetic alteration.ConclusionsWith the help of non‐invasive imaging, we were able to detect sweat gland dysplasia in the affected family members without performing a biopsy which led us to the diagnosis of an AED. The application of modern dermatological imaging techniques might serve as valuable supplementary tools in the immediate, non‐invasive diagnosis of genetic syndromes especially in newborns when early therapeutic approaches are planned.