bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Users' Technology Capabilities and the Growth of Micro and Small Enterprises in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors: Gathu Jane Wanjiku Kabiru Gathu , Ngugi Patrick Karanja , Nyang’au Samson Paul 
Published: July 2024

This study sought to establish the influence of user's capabilities on the Growth of Micro and Small Enterprises in Nairobi, Kenya and; To determine the moderating effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation on user's capabilities and the Growth of Micro and Small Enterprises in Nairobi, Kenya. The study was grounded on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM. The study adopted a descriptive research design since the design enabled the researcher to generalize the findings to a larger population of MSEs. In addition, this design enabled the researcher describe the characteristics of the population being studied as they exist at present hence minimizing biasness and maximizing the reliability of the evidence collected. This study was guided by positivism philosophy. The target population for this study comprised of all the 1835 Owners or managers of the MSEs registered with Nairobi City County and have operated for more than five years. Stratified and Simple Random sampling techniques was used to select a total of 184 respondents for the study. The study found out that user's capabilities and organizational technology policies were the key variable that significantly influencing the Growth of Micro and Small Enterprises in Nairobi County, Kenya. Specifically MSEs Staff were largely found to be un-trained especially on Emerging Technologies and lacked motivation to adopt and use technologies. In addition, study found out that there was low adoption on use of social media platform for business operation. The study recommend that the Management of MSEs needs to make deliberate efforts and invest on training especially on Emerging Technologies such as e-commerce, communication, e-production, e-procurement among others. This will ensure that the MSEs staffs are well equipped with the necessary skills and knowledge needed to effective utilize the emerging technologies in the market. Further, the management of the MSEs needs to be motivated to adopt and use technologies and innovation. Motivation many be inform of incentives and rewards that motivates users to adopt and use technology in their operations. The is also need to invest in a strong and robust social media platforms that are easy to use for most users. Social media networks can be harnessed to boast in product and services marketing and sourcing of market information among other.
La presencia de la mujer en las publicaciones académico-científicas en el período 2010-2020
Authors: Fernández-Cézar Raquel , Cámara-Prada Virginia , Solano-Pinto Natalia 
Published: July 2024

Antecedentes: La escasa presencia de la mujer en las profesiones científicas y tecnológicas, así como en el ámbito académico, constituye un problema para nuestra sociedad. La recogida de dicha presencia en la literatura científica requiere un análisis profundo.
Objetivo: En este trabajo se presenta una revisión bibliográfica de los artículos publicados en revistas especializadas que analiza la presencia de la mujer en el ámbito científico académico, para determinar si esta ha evolucionado con el tiempo; también busca encontrar los factores que determinan dicha presencia.
Métodos: Se ha hecho una revisión de la literatura publicada en las bases de datos WOS, Dialnet y Ebsco, centrada en el contenido, seleccionándose un total de 53 artículos.
Resultados: Se han identificado como factores que determinan su presencia los siguientes: las oportunidades de acceso al ámbito científico-tecnológico; los estudios universitarios elegidos por las mujeres; el papel de los estereotipos de género en el alumnado preuniversitario; y la promoción de las mujeres en las instituciones académico-científicas, con los que se ha confirmado que las mujeres están escasamente representadas en áreas como la informática, arquitectura o física, dado que las oportunidades de ingreso y promoción son bajas. Las oportunidades de acceso son determinadas por el contexto familiar, social, económico y étnico, así como la escuela y la calidad de la enseñanza, desempeñando un papel destacado los estereotipos de género. Respecto a la promoción de las mujeres en las instituciones académico-científicas, sigue siendo escasa, fruto de la segregación tanto horizontal como vertical que sufren.
Conclusión: En las publicaciones se observa que ha habido una cierta evolución positiva en los últimos años, pero no se ha alcanzado la igualdad real. Por ello, se presentan algunas acciones a futuro para contrarrestar esta situación.
Digital Transformation in Increasing the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Zakat Management Muhammadiyah Experience
Authors: Pamungkas Puput Puspita Ganjar 
Published: July 2024

One of the efforts that can be made to reduce the number of poverty and other social inequalities in the community can be through philanthropic institutions that have credible, trusted and professional values in their management so that they can give birth to a prosperous society. However, it is undeniable that in Indonesia there are still people who avoid the obligation to pay zakat or doubt existing philanthropic institutions. This research provides an overview of philanthropic strategies and innovations under the auspices of the Muhammadiyah organization, namely LAZISMU, which is one of the largest philanthropies in Indonesia. The transparent management of Zakat, Infaq and Shodaqoh is continuous and fair, making all muzakki have high loyalty and trust in entrusting their property. The methods used are qualitative and relevant literacy studies.
Keywords: Transformation, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Muhammadiyah

Abstrak
Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi jumlah kemiskinan dan kesenjangan sosial lainnya di masyarakat dapat melalui lembaga filantropi yang memiliki nilai kredibilitas, terpercaya dan profesional dalam pengelolaannya sehingga dapat melahirkan masyarakat yang sejatera. Namun, tak dapat dipungkiri bahwasanya di Indonesia masih terdapat masyarakat yang mengindar dari kewajiban membayar zakat ataupun meragukan lembaga filantropi yang ada. Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran terkait strategi dan inovasi filantropi di bawah naungan organsasi Muhammadiyah yakni LAZISMU yang merupakan salah satu filantropi terbesar di Indonesia. Pengelolaan Zakat, Infaq dan Shodaqoh yang transaparan, bersifat kontinyu dan berkeadilan menjadikan seluruh muzakki memiliki loyalitas tinggi serta kepercayaan menitipkan hartanya. Metode yang digunakan ialah kualitatif dan studi literasi yang relevan.
Kata kunci: Transformasi, Efektifitas, Efisiensi, Muhammadiyah
Connaissances des médecins tunisiens à propos de la cigarette électronique
Authors: Kammoun Imtinen , Hajri Ahlem , Driss Faten , Zalila Haifa , Maamri Amira 
Published: July 2024

Introduction : La cigarette électronique est un produit tabagique de nouvelle génération dont le mécanisme d’utilisation permettrait en théorie de minimiser les conséquences néfastes sur la santé.
Objectif: Déterminer les connaissances et les perceptions d’un échantillon de médecins tunisiens vis-à-vis de la cigarette électronique.
Méthodes : Nous avons conduit une étude transversale descriptive à visée analytique sur une période de deux mois auprès d’un échantillon de médecins tunisiens. Nous avons utilisé un auto-questionnaire en ligne portant sur les connaissances et les perceptions des médecins concernant la cigarette électronique.
Résultats : Les données ont été obtenues auprès de 216 médecins. Parmi les participants, 97,2% connaissaient les cigarettes électroniques, 56,5 % déclaraient avoir des connaissances faibles et 83,4% ont exprimé leur motivation à en apprendre davantage sur les cigarettes électroniques.
D’une manière globale, 83,8 % des médecins estimaient que la cigarette électronique est nocive pour la santé de l'utilisateur. L’utilisation de ce produit accroîtrait le risque de cancer selon 73,1% des participants, le risque de maladies cardiovasculaires selon 68,5% des participants et le risque de maladies pulmonaires chroniques selon 79,2% des participants. La perception des cigarettes électroniques comme étant nocives pour la santé de l’utilisateur était associée à la spécialité médicale des médecins (p=0,032). La recommandation de la cigarette électronique comme outil de sevrage tabagique était corrélée négativement à la formation en addictologie (p=0,027).
Conclusions : Les connaissances des médecins à propos des cigarettes électroniques sont hétérogènes traduisant le manque d’information et de consensus à l’heure actuelle.
Minor Millets: Miracle Grain of South India
Authors: C Sharmila Bharathi, , Elango A. 
Published: July 2024

Minor millets are important traditional food crops for dry land farmers in India. India has the third largest area under minor millets cultivation in the world. Minor millets such as finger millet, foxtail millet, proso millet, kodo millet, little millet and barnyard millet are considered as a climate-smart crop. Since these crops are widely divergent for thermo and photoperiods and hence these are known for their climatic resilience and are relatively less prone to biotic stress factors. Added these crops are rich in protein, fat, crude fiber, iron and other minerals and vitamins with low glycemic index in comparison to cereals like wheat and rice. Hence they are labelled as nutri- cereals and act as the source of food, feed and fodder. Minor millets have curative and nutrient - rich properties in the form of antioxidants which prevent weakening of human health such as lowering blood pressure, risk of heart disease, obesity, prevention of cancer, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes etc. Owing to its health benefits, the minor millets output has increased recently due to the availability of high-yielding varieties, pest and disease - resistant varieties, and improved cultivation techniques, rising by 1.05 percent annually. This review aims to document the production status, demand, varietal diversity, current consumption pattern, processing, nutrient composition and therapeutic potential of minor millets for further research on various aspects.
Selective UV Reflecting Mirrors Based on Nanoparticle Multilayers
Authors: Smirnov J. R. Castro , Calvo Mauricio E. , Míguez Hernán 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA new type of nanostructured selective ultraviolet (UV) reflecting mirror is presented. Periodic porous multilayers with photonic crystal properties are built by spin‐coating‐assisted layer‐by‐layer deposition of colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles of ZrO2 and SiO2 (electronic band gap at λ < 220 nm). These optical filters are designed to block well‐defined wavelength ranges of the UVA, UVB, and UVC regions of the electromagnetic spectrum while preserving transparency in the visible. The shielding against those spectral regions arises exclusively from optical interference phenomena and depends only on the number of stacked layers and the refractive index contrast between them. In addition, it is shown that the accessible pore network of the as‐deposited multilayer allows preparing thin, flexible, self‐standing, transferable, and adaptable selective UV filters by polymer infiltration, without significantly losing reflectance intensity, i.e., preserving the dielectric contrast. These films offer a degree of protection comparable to that of traditional ones, without any foreseeable unwanted secondary effects, such as photodegradation, increase of local temperature or, as is the case for organic absorbers, generation of free radicals, all of which are caused by light absorption.
Methods for Controlling Structure and Photophysical Properties in Polyfluorene Solutions and Gels
Authors: Knaapila Matti , Monkman Andrew P. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractKnowledge of the phase behavior of polyfluorene solutions and gels has expanded tremendously in recent years. The relationship between the structure formation and photophysics is known at the quantitative level. The factors which we understand control these relationships include virtually all important materials parameters such as solvent quality, side chain branching, side chain length, molecular weight, thermal history and myriad functionalizations. This review describes advances in controlling structure and photophysical properties in polyfluorene solutions and gels. It discusses the demarcation lines between solutions, gels, and macrophase separation in conjugated polymers and reviews essential solid state properties needed for understanding of solutions. It gives an insight into polyfluorene and polyfluorene beta phase in solutions and gels and describes all the structural levels in solvent matrices, ranging from intramolecular structures to the diverse aggregate classes and network structures and agglomerates of these units. It goes on to describe the kinetics and thermodynamics of these structures. It details the manifold molecular parameters used in their control and continues with the molecular confinement and touches on permanently cross‐linked networks. Particular focus is placed on the experimental results of archetypical polyfluorenes and solvent matrices and connection between structure and photonics. A connection is also made to the mean field type theories of hairy‐rod like polymers. This altogether allows generalizations and provides a guideline for materials scientists, synthetic chemists and device engineers as well, for this important class of semiconductor, luminescent polymers.
A novel mosaic NSD1 intragenic deletion in a patient with an atypical phenotype
Authors: Castronovo Chiara , Rusconi Daniela , Crippa Milena , Giardino Daniela , Gervasini Cristina , Milani Donatella , Cereda Anna , Larizza Lidia , Selicorni Angelo , Finelli Palma 
Published: January 2013

AbstractSotos syndrome, which is characterized by overgrowth, macrocephaly, distinctive facial features, and developmental delay, arises from mutations and deletions of the NSD1 gene at 5q35.3. Sixteen NSD1 intragenic deletions (including one in a mosaic condition) and one partial duplication have been reported in patients with Sotos syndrome. Here, we describe a boy aged 4 years and 10 months that showed facial dysmorphism (including frontal bossing, widely spaced eyes, deeply set eyes, a wide nasal bridge, anteverted nares, and a wide mouth), normal growth, and a psychomotor delay. High‐resolution array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis identified a mosaic heterozygous intragenic NSD1 deletion of 38 kb, which included part of intron 2 and the entire exon 3, and led to NSD1 haploinsufficiency. The deletion somatic mosaicism was subsequently confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis using fosmid clones. This patient presents the most atypical phenotype thus far associated with NSD1 haploinsufficiency. It is possible that this atypical phenotype may have resulted from the somatic mosaicism of the NSD1 defect. Our study confirms the usefulness of array CGH for increasing the detection rate of NSD1 abnormalities and for diagnosing syndromic patients that do not present an easily recognized phenotype. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Deletion at the SLC1A1 glutamate transporter gene co‐segregates with schizophrenia and bipolar schizoaffective disorder in a 5‐generation family
Authors: Myles‐Worsley Marina , Tiobech Josepha , Browning Sharon R. , Korn Jeremy , Goodman Sarah , Gentile Karen , Melhem Nadine , Byerley William , Faraone Stephen V. , Middleton Frank A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractGrowing evidence for genetic overlap between schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BPD) suggests that causal variants of large effect on disease risk may cross traditional diagnostic boundaries. Extended multigenerational families with both SCZ and BPD cases can be a valuable resource for discovery of shared biological pathways because they can reveal the natural evolution of the underlying genetic disruptions and their phenotypic expression. We investigated a deletion at the SLC1A1 glutamate transporter gene originally identified as a copy number variant exclusively carried by members of a 5‐generation Palauan family. Using an expanded sample of 21 family members, quantitative PCR confirmed the deletion in all seven individuals with psychosis, three “obligate‐carrier” parents and one unaffected sibling, while four marry‐in parents were non‐carriers. Linkage analysis under an autosomal dominant model generated a LOD‐score of 3.64, confirming co‐segregation of the deletion with psychosis. For more precise localization, we determined the approximate deletion end points using alignment of next‐generation sequencing data for one affected deletion‐carrier and then designed PCR amplicons to span the entire deletion locus. These probes established that the deletion spans 84,298 bp, thus eliminating the entire promoter, the transcription start site, and the first 59 amino acids of the protein, including the first transmembrane Na2+/dicarboxylate symporter domain, one of the domains that perform the glutamate transport action. Discovery of this functionally relevant SLC1A1 mutation and its co‐segregation with psychosis in an extended multigenerational pedigree provides further support for the important role played by glutamatergic transmission in the pathophysiology of psychotic disorders. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Selected rapporteur summaries from the XX world congress of psychiatric genetics, Hamburg, Germany, october 14–18, 2012
Authors: Anderson‐Schmidt Heike , Beltcheva Olga , Brandon Mariko D. , Byrne Enda M. , Diehl Eric J. , Duncan Laramie , Gonzalez Suzanne D. , Hannon Eilis , Kantojärvi Katri , Karagiannidis Iordanis , Kos Mark Z. , Kotyuk Eszter , Laufer Benjamin I. , Mantha Katarzyna , McGregor Nathaniel W. , Meier Sandra , Nieratschker Vanessa , Spiers Helen , Squassina Alessio , Thakur Geeta A. , Tiwari Yash , Viswanath Biju , Way Michael J. , Wong Cybele C.P. , O'Shea Anne , DeLisi Lynn E. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe XXth World Congress of Psychiatric Genetics (WCPG), sponsored by The International Society of Psychiatric Genetics (ISPG) took place in Hamburg, Germany on October 14–18, 2012. Approximately 600 participants gathered to discuss the latest findings in this rapidly advancing field. The following report was written by student travel awardees. Each was assigned sessions as rapporteurs. This manuscript represents topics covered in most, but not all, oral presentations during the conference, and some of the major notable new findings reported at this 2012 WCPG. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mechanical and thermal transmission properties of carbon nanofiber‐dispersed carbon/phenolic multiscale composites
Authors: Bhattacharyya Amitava , Rana Sohel , Parveen Shama , Fangueiro Raul , Alagirusamy Ramasamy , Joshi Mangala 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe present article reports the development and characterization of carbon nanofiber (CNF)‐incorporated carbon/phenolic multiscale composites. Vapor‐grown CNFs were dispersed homogeneously in to phenolic resin using an effective dispersion route, and carbon fabrics were subsequently impregnated with the CNF‐dispersed resin to develop carbon fiber/CNF/phenolic resin multiscale composites. Mechanical and thermal transmission properties of multiscale composites were characterized. Elastic modulus and thermal conductivity of neat carbon/phenolic and multiscale composites were predicted and compared with the experimental results. It was observed that incorporation of only 1.5 wt % CNF resulted in 10% improvement in Young's modulus, 12% increase in tensile strength, and 36% increase in thermal conductivity of carbon/phenolic composites. Fracture surface of composite samples revealed the formation of stronger fiber/matrix interface in case of multiscale composites than neat carbon/phenolic composites. Enhancement of above properties through CNF addition has been explained, and the difference between the predicted values and experimental results has been discussed. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Novel poly(ether ketone)arylates: Synthesis, characterization and properties
Authors: Zhou Yongxiang , Wang Ning , Li Min , Wu Lei , Wu Ting , Xu Jianjun , Liu Pengqing 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn order to reduce the melt temperature (Tm) of the thermotropic crystalline polyarylate and improve its compatibility with poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK), a series of poly(ether ketone)arylates (PEKARs) containing aryl ether ketone units (AEK) are synthesized through melt transesterification reaction from p‐acetoxybenzoic acid, 1,3‐bis(4′‐carboxylphenoxy)benzene and 4,4′‐bis(p‐acetoxyphenoxy)benzophenone. The inherent viscosities of these polymers are in the range 0.35–0.81 dL/g. The morphologies and properties of PEKARs are characterized by polarized optical microscopy, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetric analysis, etc. The results show that all PEKARs are semi‐crystalline polymers, and the introduction of AEK units can reduce the symmetry of the main chains, leading to decreasing the crystallizability and changing the crystalline form. The PEKARs with AEK less than 30% can exhibit thermotropic liquid crystalline state. The initial and the maximum decomposition temperatures increase with the increase in AEK content. These PEKARs are expected to act as processing agents for PEEK to reduce its processing viscosity. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Urethane reaction kinetics of butanediols catalyzed by Zr(acac)4
Authors: Yang Peng Fei , Li Tian Duo 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe urethane reaction of isocyanate was carried out with zirconium acetyl acetonate (Zr(acac)4) as catalyst. 1,2‐Butanediol and 1,4‐butanediol were used as model compounds to investigate the reaction kinetics. It was shown that hydroxyl groups in 1,2‐butanediol appeared to have different reaction rate when reacting with phenyl isocyanate, which was labeled as kfast and kslow. It was very surprising that the reaction rate of 1,4‐butanediol (kcon) was very similar to the value of kslow at the same temperature although there is only primary hydroxyl group in its molecule. Furthermore, activation energy (Ea), activation enthalpy (ΔH), and activation entropy (ΔS) for the reaction were calculated out, from which some catalytic properties of Zr(acac)4 were revealed. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Turn‐On Fluorescence Detection of Apoptotic Cells Using a Zinc(II)‐Dipicolylamine‐Functionalized Poly(diacetylene) Liposome
Authors: Cho Yong‐Suk , Kim Kyung Mi , Lee Duhwan , Kim Won Jong , Ahn Kyo Han 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA liposome‐based fluorescence sensing system for apoptotic cells has been developed from stimuli‐responsive poly(diacetylene)‐liposomes for the first time. The combination of the liposome components, a phosphatidylserine‐binding ZnII‐dipicolylamine component and an alcohol‐terminated component in the ratio of 2:1, has led to an efficient detection system for apoptotic cells, as demonstrated by confocal fluorescence microscopy and FACS analysis. The liposome shows a color change from blue to reddish purple and emits fluorescence in the turn‐on mode upon interaction with phosphatidylserine. The present system thus avoids the washing steps required for “always‐on”‐type sensing systems.