bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Updating in the Probabilistic Assessment of Existing Structures / Pravděpodobnostní Aktualizace Při Hodnocení Existujících Konstrukcí
Authors: Sýkora Miroslav , Holický Milan , Jung Karel 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Assessment of existing structures should be based on the knowledge about as-built conditions including uncertainties concerning geometry, material properties, loading and environmental conditions. A crucial step of the assessment may be the evaluation of prior information and newly obtained measurements for which Bayesian approach provides a consistent framework. Updating of probabilistic distributions of basic variables, direct updating of failure probability and combination thereof can be applied.
Frame on Elastic Foundation / Rám Na Pružnom Podloží
Authors: Tvrdá Katarína 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This article deals with calculation of the beam and frame rested on elastic foundation using matrix displacement method. An exact stiffness matrix of a beam element on elastic foundation is formulated. The beam is rested on elastic Winkler foundation. At the end off paper, same results of frame on elastic foundation are presented.
Conflits d'utilisation du sol et besoins en espace récréatif : le cas des grandes prairies angevines
Authors: Bonneau M. , Barbaza Yvette 
Published: May 2014

Abstract. - The intensifying action in agriculture in damp areas related to water-control and soil improvement is at the root of conflicts between agriculture and tourism.
Its brings about a change of the agrarian landscape, new types of cultivation and a disappearance of the entertaining function.
The author presents the case of the great meadows of the Anjou, studying more especially example of the meadows of Mollay, by the Thouet, affluent on the left side of the Loire.
The IL18RAP Region Disease Polymorphism Decreases IL-18RAP/IL-18R1/IL-1R1 Expression and Signaling through Innate Receptor–Initiated Pathways
Authors: Hedl Matija , Zheng Shasha , Abraham Clara 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Fine-tuning of cytokine-inducing pathways is essential for immune homeostasis. Consistently, a dysregulated increase or decrease in pattern-recognition receptor (PRR)-induced signaling and cytokine secretion can lead to inflammatory bowel disease. Multiple gene loci are associated with inflammatory bowel disease, but their functional effects are largely unknown. One such region in chromosome 2q12 (rs917997), also associated with other immune-mediated diseases, encompasses IL18RAP. We found that human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from rs917997 AA risk carriers secrete significantly less cytokines than G carriers upon stimulation of multiple PRRs, including nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2). We identified that IL-18 signaling through IL-18RAP was critical in amplifying PRR-induced cytokine secretion in MDMs. IL-18RAP responded to NOD2-initiated early, caspase-1–dependent autocrine IL-18, which dramatically enhanced MAPK, NF-κB, PI3K, and calcium signaling. Reconstituting MAPK activation was sufficient to rescue decreased cytokines in NOD2-stimulated IL-18RAP–deficient MDMs. Relative to GG carriers, MDM from rs917997 AA carriers had decreased expression of cell-surface IL-18RAP protein, as well as of IL-18R1 and IL-1R1, genes also located in the IL18RAP region. Accordingly, these risk-carrier MDMs show diminished PRR-, IL-18–, and IL-1–induced MAPK and NF-κB signaling. Taken together, our results demonstrate clear functional consequences of the rs917997 risk polymorphism; this polymorphism leads to a loss-of-function through decreased IL-18RAP, IL-18R1, and IL-1R1 protein expression, which impairs autocrine IL-18 and IL-1 signaling, thereby leading to decreased cytokine secretion in MDMs upon stimulation of a broad range of PRRs.
ATP Modulates Acute Inflammation In Vivo through Dual Oxidase 1–Derived H2O2 Production and NF-κB Activation
Authors: de Oliveira Sofia , López-Muñoz Azucena , Candel Sergio , Pelegrín Pablo , Calado Ângelo , Mulero Victoriano 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Dual oxidase 1 (Duox1) is the NADPH oxidase responsible for the H2O2 gradient formed in tissues after injury to trigger the early recruitment of leukocytes. Little is known about the signals that modulate H2O2 release from DUOX1 and whether the H2O2 gradient can orchestrate the inflammatory response in vivo. In this study, we report on a dominant-negative form of zebrafish Duox1 that is able to inhibit endogenous Duox1 activity, H2O2 release and leukocyte recruitment after tissue injury, with none of the side effects associated with morpholino-mediated Duox1 knockdown. Using this specific tool, we found that ATP release following tissue injury activates purinergic P2Y receptors, and modulates Duox1 activity through phospholipase C (PLC) and intracellular calcium signaling in vivo. Furthermore, Duox1-derived H2O2 is able to trigger the NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway. These data reveal that extracellular ATP acting as an early danger signal is responsible for the activation of Duox1 via a P2YR/PLC/Ca2+ signaling pathway and the production of H2O2, which, in turn, is able to modulate in vivo not only the early recruitment of leukocytes to the wound but also the inflammatory response through activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
Des sentiments aux connaissances littéraires : travail de transaction des mots, construction des valeurs au primaire et analyse de corpus
Authors: Champagne-Vergez Martine 
Published: May 2014

L’enseignant, passeur privilégié d’oeuvres littéraires, initie, à leur propos, une médiation par le biais du travail des mots, notamment d’ordre esthétique et émotionnel. Comment l’expression de l’émotion esthétique participe-t-elle de ce qui s’apprend durant les activités littéraires scolaires ? Quelle est la relation entre les sentiments et la construction des valeurs ? Notre étude repose sur trois corpus oraux et écrits, recueillis en fin d’école primaire en France (5eannée). L’observation des actions langagières se situe à l’endroit des reprises discursives du débat interprétatif. Dans certains cas, des transactions, co-élaborées par les élèves et l’enseignant, à l’oral comme à l’écrit, portent la trace de cette élaboration des savoirs et des valeurs.
L’Acadie et le Québec : convergences et divergences
Authors: Martineau France 
Published: May 2014

Cet article porte sur l’articulation entre les usages et les représentations qui émergent au Québec et en Acadie au XIXe siècle, dans un contexte sociopolitique où se redéfinissent les communautés canadiennes-françaises. À partir de l’examen d’un corpus de correspondance familiale et de discours métalinguistiques, nous montrons que les variétés linguistiques en Acadie et dans la vallée du Saint-Laurent durant le XIXe siècle partagent de nombreux traits, largement caractéristiques de ceux ayant cours avant la Révolution française ; toutefois, les commentaires sociolinguistiques tendent à gommer la convergence entre usages acadiens et laurentiens, au profit de la filiation française.
Adaptive backstepping repetitive learning control design for nonlinear discrete‐time systems with periodic uncertainties
Authors: Zhu Qiao , Xu Jian‐Xin , Yang Shiping , Hu Guang‐Da 
Published: May 2014

SummaryThis paper addresses a tracking problem for uncertain nonlinear discrete‐time systems in which the uncertainties, including parametric uncertainty and external disturbance, are periodic with known periodicity. Repetitive learning control (RLC) is an effective tool to deal with periodic unknown components. By using the backstepping procedures, an adaptive RLC law with periodic parameter estimation is designed. The overparameterization problem is overcome by postponing the parameter estimation to the last backstepping step, which could not be easily solved in robust adaptive control. It is shown that the proposed adaptive RLC law without overparameterization can guarantee the perfect tracking and boundedness of the states of the whole closed‐loop systems in presence of periodic uncertainties. In addition, the effectiveness of the developed controller is demonstrated by an implementation example on a single‐link flexible‐joint robot. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Study of Polymer/Clay Hybrid Composite Sorbent‐Based AAm/SMA Hydrogels and Semi‐IPNs Composed of ɩ‐Carrageenan and Montmorillonite for Water and Dye Sorption
Authors: Karadağ Erdener , Hasgül Banu , Kundakci Semİha , Üzüm Ömer Bariş 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTA series of chemically cross‐linked hybrid composite hydrogel systems containing polysaccharide/clay polyelectrolyte based on the acrylamide/sodium methacrylate (AAm/SMA) and ɩ‐carrageenan and clay such as montmorillonite were synthesized with free radical solution polymerization by using ammonium persulfate/N,N,N',N'‐tetramethylethylenediamine as a redox‐initiating pair in the presence of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate as a cross‐linker. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique were applied for characterization. The hydrogels, the semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks (semi–IPNs), and the hybrid composite hydrogel systems that were synthesized in this study have shown high water absorbency. Some swelling and diffusion properties were calculated, and they were discussed for the hybrid hydrogel systems prepared under various formulations. They were used in experiments on sorption of water‐soluble cationic dye such as Safranin T (ST). The sorption of ST into the polymeric systems was studied by a batch sorption technique at 25°C. For equilibrium sorption studies, dye removal capacity, adsorption percentage, and partition coefficient of the hydrogels, the semi‐IPNs, and the hybrid composite hydrogel systems are investigated. Consequently, the hydrogels, the semi‐IPNs, and the hybrid composite hydrogel systems developed in this study could serve as a potential device for water and dye sorbents. Some materials such as the hydrogels, the semi‐IPNs, and the hybrid composite hydrogel systems developed in this study with the ability to absorb water in high amounts could be used as a water and dye sorbents because of their potential applications in agriculture, environment, separation processes, and water purification.
Studies on the Performance of Polyester Composites Reinforced with Functionalized Grewia optiva Short Fibers
Authors: Rana Ashvinder K. , Singha Amar S. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThis paper deals with the fabrication and characterization of raw and surface‐modified Grewia optiva fibers reinforced unsaturated polyester (UPE) matrix based composites. Raw and surface‐modified fibers are used in different proportions (10, 20, 30, and 40%) for the fabrication of composites. The fiber proportion is optimized by studying various mechanical properties such as tensile, compressive, and flexural strength of UPE matrix‐based composites. After the optimization of fiber loadings, the optimized samples were evaluated for their physicochemical, thermal, fire retardancy, and biodegradability properties. Physicochemical and thermal stability of the composites is improved after fibers’ surface modification. The effect of different fire retardants (magnesium hydroxide and zinc borate) on the fire‐retardant behavior of polymer composites is also evaluated. Biodegradability of polymer composites is checked by using a soil burial method.
Surface Modification of PVC Film with Allylamine Plasma Polymers
Authors: Demirci Nagihan , Demirel Miyaser , Dilsiz Nursel 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTIn this study, surface modifications of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) films were performed with the plasma polymerization process. For this purpose, allylamine was used as a hydrophilic polymer for surface modification of PVC films. The wettability of PVC films was investigated using contact angle measurement. The water contact angle values increased from 116.4° to 12° by 104.4° for the coated PVC film. Surface free energies of PVC films were calculated using acid–base approaches and increased with increasing plasma treatment time. According to the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results, N–H peaks appeared in the expected wavelength. The thermal degradation behaviors of PVC films were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. The degradation temperature of PVC films was altered by the plasma treatment from 275°C to 380°C. Surface topography of PVC films was examined by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Distinct changes were observed in the topography of plasma‐treated PVC surface using AFM results. The results showed that allylamine plasma treatment can be used to enhance hydrophilicity of PVC surfaces.
Recent risk factors for open surgical mortality in patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Uchida Kenichiro , Io Akinori , Akita Sho , Munakata Hisaaki , Hibino Makoto , Fujii Kei , Kato Wataru , Sakai Yoshimasa , Tajima Kazuyoshi , Mizobata Yasumitsu 
Published: May 2014

AimWe examined recent relevant prognostic factors for the outcome of open surgical treatment of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm.MethodsBetween 2006 and 2012, 35 patients received emergency open surgical treatment for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm at our institute. We reviewed ambulance activity logs and clinical records of 34 infrarenal ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm patients retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify risk factors for surgical outcomes.ResultsEight patients died during surgery or within a few hours following surgery completion. Through univariate analysis, body mass index, serum lactate level, arterial blood pH, base excess, platelet count, prothrombin time–international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, type of ruptured aneurysm, response to i.v. fluid resuscitation within 2,000 mL in the initial therapy, and volume of blood loss during surgery were detected to be significant variants. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed the patients who were hemodynamically stabilized after primary volume loading had a 13.2 times higher possibility of survival. Body mass index, high serum lactate level, and volume of blood loss were also found to be independent risk factors of mortality.ConclusionThe risk factors of open surgical ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, body mass index, lactate level, volume of intraoperative blood loss, and response to initial 2,000 mL fluid resuscitation were correlated to survival.
Electrocardiogram findings of patients with serum potassium levels of nearly 10.0 mmol/L: a report of two cases
Authors: Kotera Atsushi , Irie Hiroki , Iwashita Shinsuke , Taniguchi Junichi , Kasaoka Shunji , Sagishima Katsuyuki , Kamohara Hidenobu , Kinoshita Yoshihiro 
Published: May 2014

CasesIn Case 1, a 63‐year‐old woman was admitted with muscular weakness. She had hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and chronic renal failure on hemodialysis. She was taking a beta‐blocker. Her pulse rate was 42 b.p.m. (irregular rhythm); serum potassium level was 9.8 mmol/L; electrocardiogram revealed widening of the QRS complex (0.256 s). In Case 2, a 59‐year‐old man was admitted with muscular weakness. He had hypertension and chronic renal failure, and was taking a renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitor. His pulse rate was 42 b.p.m. (irregular rhythm); serum potassium level was 10.1 mmol/L; electrocardiogram revealed widening of the QRS complex (0.180 s).OutcomeLife‐threatening arrhythmia did not occur, and patients survived under appropriate treatment.ConclusionChronic renal failure, diabetes mellitus, or medications affecting extrarenal potassium homeostasis can produce a tolerance to hyperkalemia. This tolerance may help prevent life‐threatening arrhythmia despite fatal levels of serum potassium.
Flexible stereoselektive Funktionalisierung von Ketonen durch Umpolung mit hypervalenten Iodreagentien
Authors: Mizar Pushpak , Wirth Thomas 
Published: May 2014

AbstractDie Funktionalisierung von Carbonylverbindungen in der α‐Position hat aufgrund der biologischen Bedeutung der Produkte große Aufmerksamkeit als Syntheseweg erhalten. Durch Polaritätsumkehr (“Umpolung”) zeigen wir, dass Sauerstoff‐, Stickstoff‐ und sogar Kohlenstoffnukleophile nach Anknüpfung an Enolether in Additionsreaktionen eingesetzt werden können. Unsere Resultate eröffnen die Möglichkeit neuer Retrosynthesen und einer raschen Erzeugung von vorher nur in vielstufigen Synthesen zugänglichen Strukturen.
A Graphene Oxide Membrane with Highly Selective Molecular Separation of Aqueous Organic Solution
Authors: Huang Kang , Liu Gongping , Lou Yueyun , Dong Ziye , Shen Jie , Jin Wanqin 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA graphene oxide (GO) membrane is supported on a ceramic hollow fiber prepared by a vacuum suction method. This GO membrane exhibited excellent water permeation for dimethyl carbonate/water mixtures through a pervaporation process. At 25 °C and 2.6 wt % feed water content, the permeate water content reached 95.2 wt % with a high permeation flux (1702 g m−2 h−1).
Small‐Molecule Recognition for Controlling Molecular Motion in Hydrogen‐Bond‐Assembled Rotaxanes
Authors: Martinez‐Cuezva Alberto , Berna Jose , Orenes Raul‐Angel , Pastor Aurelia , Alajarin Mateo 
Published: May 2014

AbstractDi(acylamino)pyridines successfully template the formation of hydrogen‐bonded rotaxanes through five‐component clipping reactions. A solid‐state study showed the participation of the pyridine nitrogen atom in the stabilization of the mechanical bond between the thread and the benzylic amide macrocycle. The addition of external complementary binders to a series of interlocked bis(2,6‐di(acylamino)pyridines) promoted restraint of the back and forward ring motion. The original translation can be restored through a competitive recognition event by the addition of a preorganized bis(di(acylamino)pyridine) that forms stronger ADA–DAD complexes with the external binders.
Annual survival probabilities of juvenile loggerhead sea turtles indicate high anthropogenic impact on Mediterranean populations
Authors: Casale Paolo , Freggi Daniela , Furii Giovanni , Vallini Carola , Salvemini Pasquale , Deflorio Michele , Totaro Giovanni , Raimondi Stefano , Fortuna Caterina , Godley Brendan J. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

One of the major gaps in the knowledge of sea turtle population dynamics is survival probability, in particular of juveniles, which represent the bulk of the population and whose survival has the greatest effect on population growth. One of the major global threats to sea turtles is incidental bycatch, although not all animals die in the process. This is particularly acute for the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta).
Here fisheries‐dependent monitoring is used to seek insights into patterns of survival at multiple Mediterranean foraging areas: north and south Adriatic, north Ionian, and the Tunisian shelf. Annual survival probability was estimated using the catch curve method. Size data of 2191 loggerhead turtles ranging from 19 to 92 cm curved carapace length were converted to age according to eight age–size curves available from the Mediterranean Sea.
The mean annual survival probabilities for the four areas were heterogeneous and ranged between 0.710 and 0.862. Results suggest that the survival probabilities for Mediterranean loggerheads, especially in some areas, are lower than would be expected from a healthy population. This is of particular concern for the Greek rookeries, which appear most affected by anthropogenic mortality occurring in the study areas. This supports the implementation in those areas of measures mitigating the main threats, notably bycatch.
Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, Crystal Structures, Optical Properties, and Photocurrent Response of Heteroacene Derivatives
Authors: Ren Tiejun , Xiao Jinchong , Wang Wenying , Xu Wenya , Wang Sujuan , Zhang Xuemin , Wang Xuefei , Chen Hua , Zhao Jianwen , Jiang Li 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSix 5,9,14,18‐tetrathiaheptacene derivatives (1 a–1 f) were synthesized by using a simple ether–ether exchange reaction and fully characterized. In contrast to the planar conformation usually observed in thiophene‐fused benzene systems, single‐crystal analysis indicates that 7,16‐dipropyl‐5,9,14,18‐tetrathiaheptacene (1 a), 7,16‐diphenyl‐5,9,14,18‐tetrathiaheptacene (1 b), and 7,16‐di(4′‐chlorophenyl)‐5,9,14,18‐tetrathiaheptacene (1 c) adopt chair conformations. The as‐formed dihedral angle between anthracene and the terminal benzene units are 137.258, 137.855, and 134.912° for 1 a, 1 b, and 1 c, respectively, which is close to the theoretical optimization results (128° for 1 b). Interestingly, the oxidized product of 7,16‐di(trifluoromethylphenyl)‐5,9,14,18‐tetrathiaheptacene (1 e) has a saddle shape, which results in the formation of column‐shaped units in the single crystal. The substituents on the side phenyl group have less effect on their UV/Vis absorption spectra, but a distinct redshift that accounts for the intramolecular charge transfer can be observed in the emission spectra. The electrochemical measurements show that all compounds present two oxidation waves. The photoswitching behavior based on 1 a–1 f was further measured and the experimental results suggest that these heteroacene derivatives are promising semiconductor materials for organic electronics.
Multipotent adult hippocampal progenitor cells maintained as neurospheres favor differentiation toward glial lineages
Authors: Oh Jisun , Daniels Gabrielle J. , Chiou Lawrence S. , Ye Eun‐Ah , Jeong Yong‐Seob , Sakaguchi Donald S. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAdult hippocampal progenitor cells (AHPCs) are generally maintained as a dispersed monolayer population of multipotent neural progenitors. To better understand cell–cell interactions among neural progenitors and their influences on cellular characteristics, we generated free‐floating cellular aggregates, or neurospheres, from the adherent monolayer population of AHPCs. Results from in vitro analyses demonstrated that both populations of AHPCs were highly proliferative under maintenance conditions, but AHPCs formed in neurospheres favored differentiation along a glial lineage and displayed greater migrational activity than the traditionally cultured AHPCs. To study the plasticity of AHPCs from both populations in vivo, we transplanted green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐expressing AHPCs via intraocular injection into the developing rat eyes. Both AHPC populations were capable of surviving and integrating into developing host central nervous system, but considerably more GFP‐positive cells were observed in the retinas transplanted with neurosphere AHPCs, compared to adherent AHPCs. These results suggest that the culture configuration during maintenance for neural progenitor cells (NPCs) influences cell fate and motility in vitro as well as in vivo. Our findings have implication for understanding different cellular characteristics of NPCs according to distinct intercellular architectures and for developing cell‐based therapeutic strategies using lineage‐committed NPCs.