bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mus spretus et M. musculus (Rodentia, Mammalia) en zone méditerranéenne: différenciation biométrique et morphologique: application à des fossiles marocains pléistocènes / Mus spretus and M. musculus (Rodentia, Mammalia) in the Mediterranean zone: biometric and morphological differentiation: application to Pleistocene Moroccan fossils
Authors: Darviche Djamchid , Orth Annie , Michaux Jacques 
Published: January 2015

RésuméLa présente étude porte sur la taille et la forme des dents et sur la morphologie crânienne d'individus en provenance d'Europe sud-occidentale et d'Afrique du Nord caractérisés génétiquement comme appartenant aux espèces Mus spretus et Mus musculus domesticus . Une révision des caractères diagnostiques des dents et du crâne utilisés pour la détermination de l'appartenance spécifique des spécimens a été faite. La révision porte sur 17 caractères métriques et 14 caractères morphologiques. Une application à un matériel fossile inédit d'âge pléistocène supérieur du Maroc a ensuite été tentée. La détermination de ces restes fossiles représentés par des molaires inférieures de souris du gisement de Doukkala II, près de Rabat, permet de conclure à la présence d'une souris très proche de l'actuelle M. spretus . La présence dans le Pléistocène supérieur d'une souris, différente de la souris domestique, est ainsi démontrée dans le nord de l'Afrique, l'arrivée de la souris domestique dans ce secteur restant à préciser.
Laser surface treatment of aluminum composite: surface characteristics
Authors: Yilbas Bekir S. , Toor Ihsan-ul-Haq , Malik Jahanzaib 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Laser treatment of an aluminum composite surface was carried out to improve tribological properties and corrosion resistance at the surface. The workpiece consists of 15% SiC and pure aluminum, and it is produced by hot pressing. The characteristics of the laser-treated surface were examined using optical and scanning electron microscopes, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, a micro-tribometer, and a potentiostat. Laser treatment was carried out by following a spiral scanning track at the surface. This provides a self-annealing effect of the lately formed laser tracks on the initially formed tracks while lowering the cooling rates at the surface. It was found that laser-treated surfaces are free from asperities such as large-scale cracks and voids. Laser treatment improves the hardness of the surface because of the dense layer formation in the surface region. The friction coefficient of the laser-treated surface attains lower values than that corresponding to the untreated surface. Laser treatment improves the corrosion resistance of the surface.
Microstructural characteristics and protection performances of plasma-sprayed Al2O3–Al composite coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy
Authors: Sun Huanhuan , Ma Shuqin 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Four Al2O3-Al composite coatings were successfully fabricated on AZ91D alloy by plasma sprayed with changing ratios of Al2O3 and Al mixed powders, respectively. XRD results indicate that all the composite coatings are composed of γ-Al2O3, α-Al2O3, and Al. SEM and EDS analysis find that Al2O3-Al composite coatings present the interlaced structures of Al and Al2O3 bands. VIDAS image analysis reveals that the porosities of the composite coatings are increased by adding Al2O3. In the composite coatings, the hardness of Al is about 62 HV and that of Al2O3 is up to 1380 HV. The electrochemical polarization tests testify that Al2O3-Al composite coatings can effectively protect AZ91D alloy from corroding in a chloride environment. The wear test results confirm that the wear resistance of Al2O3-Al composite coatings is markedly superior to that of AZ91D alloy. The excellent protection degrees are attributed to their particular compositions, microstructures, and properties. Moreover, the effect of Al2O3 contents on the microstructures and protection performances of Al2O3-Al composite coatings was also studied and discussed in detail.
Vom Anti-Parlamentarier zum „kalten Arisierer“ jüdischer Unternehmen in Europa
Authors: Rohstock Anne 
Published: January 2015

Vorspann
Die Debatte um Theodor Eschenburg geht weiter. Nun behaupten die Quellen ihr Vetorecht gegen subjektive Eindrücke und wissenschaftlich verbrämte Schutzbehauptungen. Anne Rohstock bereichert nach intensiven Recherchen in zahlreichen Archiven den Deutungsstreit über Eschenburg in der Weimarer Republik, vor allem aber schlägt sie eine breite Lichtschneise in das Dunkel, das die Jahre des Zweiten Weltkriegs noch immer umgibt. Eschenburg war als Wirtschaftsfunktionär überall im besetzten Europa aktiv und dabei routinemäßig, aber auch durchaus eigeninitiativ an der „kalten Arisierung“ von zahlreichen jüdischen Betrieben beteiligt.
Der Deutungsstreit um die „Ghettorenten“
Authors: Lehnstaedt Stephan 
Published: January 2015

Vorspann
In der Januarausgabe 2014 der Vierteljahrshefte hat Martin Löns, Vizepräsident des Landessozialgerichts Nordrhein-Westfalen, den Aufsatz „Wiedergutmachung im 21. Jahrhundert“ von Stephan Lehnstaedt (VfZ 3/2013) scharf kritisiert und dem Autor vorgeworfen, seine für die nordrhein-westfälische Sozialgerichtsbarkeit wenig schmeichelhaften Befunde beruhten auf einem unsachgemäßen Umgang mit Quellen und Fakten und einer Vernachlässigung der Kriterien wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens. Hier Lehnstaedts Entgegnung.
Energy and Nutrient Intake From Pizza in the United States
Authors: Powell Lisa M. , Nguyen Binh T. , Dietz William H. 
Published: January 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Pizza consumption is a top contributor to children’s and adolescents’ caloric intake. The objective of this study was to examine children’s and adolescents’ pizza consumption patterns and its impact on their energy and nutrient intake.

METHODS:
Twenty-four–hour dietary recall data for children aged 2 to 11 and adolescents aged 12 to 19 were drawn from the 2003–2004, 2005–2006, 2007–2008, and 2009–2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We tested changes in consumption patterns, including by race/ethnicity, income, meal occasion, and source. Individual-level fixed effects regression models estimated the impact of pizza consumption on total energy intake (TEI) and intakes of sugar, saturated fat, and sodium.

RESULTS:
From 2003–2004 to 2009–2010, overall energy intake from pizza declined 25% among children (110 to 83 kcal, P ≤ .05). Among adolescents, although caloric intake from pizza among those who consumed pizza fell (801 to 624 kcal, P ≤ .05), overall pizza intake remained unchanged due to slightly higher pizza consumption prevalence. For children and adolescents, pizza intake fell (P ≤ .05) at dinner time and from fast food. For children and adolescents, respectively, pizza consumption was significantly associated with higher net daily TEI (84 kcal and 230 kcal) and higher intakes of saturated fat (3 g and 5 g) and sodium (134 mg and 484 mg) but not sugar intake, and such affects generally did not differ by sociodemographic characteristics. Pizza consumption as a snack or from fast-food restaurants had the greatest adverse impact on TEI.

CONCLUSIONS:
The adverse dietary effects of pizza consumption found in this study suggest that its consumption should be curbed and its nutrient content improved.
Diagnosing Significant PDA Using Natriuretic Peptides in Preterm Neonates: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kulkarni Madhulika , Gokulakrishnan Ganga , Price Jack , Fernandes Caraciolo J. , Leeflang Mariska , Pammi Mohan 
Published: January 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Echocardiogram is the gold standard for the diagnosis of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) in preterm neonates. A simple blood assay for brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) or amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) may be useful in the diagnosis and management of hsPDA. Our objectives were to determine the diagnostic accuracy of BNP and NT-proBNP for hsPDA in preterm neonates and to explore heterogeneity by analyzing subgroups.

METHODS:
The systematic review was performed as recommended by the Cochrane Diagnostic Test Accuracy Working Group. Electronic databases, conference abstracts, and cross-references were searched. We included studies that evaluated BNP or NT-proBNP (index test) in preterm neonates with suspected hsPDA (participants) in comparison with echocardiogram (reference standard). A bivariate random effects model was used for meta-analysis, and summary receiver operating characteristic curves were generated.

RESULTS:
Ten BNP and 11 NT-proBNP studies were included. Studies varied by methodological quality, type of commercial assay, thresholds, age at testing, gestational age, and whether the assay was used to initiate medical or surgical therapy. Sensitivity and specificity for BNP at summary point were 88% and 92%, respectively, and for NT-proBNP they were 90% and 84%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
The studies evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of BNP and NT-proBNP for hsPDA varied widely by assay characteristics (assay kit and threshold) and patient characteristics (gestational and chronological age); therefore, generalizability between centers is not possible. We recommend that BNP or NT-proBNP assays be locally validated for specific patient population and outcomes, to initiate therapy or follow response to therapy.
Adatok Johann Jacob Khün „érseki udvari festő” működéséhez, Lippay György pozsonyi nyaralókastélyának újonnan előkerült keleti látképe (1663) kapcsán
Authors: Ecsedy Anna 
Published: January 2015

Archbishop of Esztergom György Lippay’s (1600–1666) summer residence and garden in Pozsony were represented on a series of engravings published in 1663. A hitherto unknown piece of this series features the eastern view of the residence (Bibliotheca Ecclesiae Metropolitanae Strigoniensis, Esztergom; fig.). The sheet bears the signature of Johann Jacob Khün, painter to the archbishop who supposedly produced the drawings for the entire series.
According to various sources most of which were concluded by Klára Garas, Khün came from a family of over four generations of painters and sculptors originated in Besztercebánya. The present study attempts to uncover documents representing Khün’s family relations and personal connections in the milieu of the archbishop’s court at Pressburg.
Only a few sources remain on Johann Jacob Khün’s work in archbishop Lippay’s service. Based on a few miscellaneous allusions and the painter’s recently recovered letter written to the archbishop’s physician and familiar Polycarpus Procopius Bonannus (d. 1664) in 1659, the author presumes that Khün was the grandson of Jacob Khien the elder (d. after 1619) who created the so-called Zmeskál epitaph (Berzevice, c. 1600). Johann Jacob Khün’s father was probably the painter Jacob Khien the younger who became a burgess of Besztercebánya in 1619. Pozsony sculptor Johann Christoph Khien (d. 1696/97), creator of the Holy Trinity column of Nagyszombat (1683–1695), and Ferdinand Khien, a doctor born in Besztercebánya who graduated at the University of Wittenberg (1667) and later worked in Eperjes and Pozsony were probably Johann Jacob Khün’s brothers. Judging by the 1659 letter and other sources, Khün’s brother Ferdinand may well have been helped with the starting of his medical career by Bonannus who probably interceeded for him to spend his pharmacist’s training in Johann Weber’s (1612–1684) pharmacy in Eperjes.
Khün’s letter implies that he may well have produced illustrations for Bonannus’s ambitious but ultimately unpublished and lost opus describing Hungary’s geographical and mineralogical treasures, entitled De admirandis Hungariae rebus, backed by archbishop Lippay and Lord Chief Justice Ferenc Nádasdy (1623–1671). The correspondence of Bonannus, a rare group of sources, provides some important data to the project and Khün’s surmized participation, and might as well lead to closer acquaintance with the process of furnishing and decorating of archbishop György Lippay’s summer residence and garden of Pozsony.
A year after the publishing of the print series Khün already worked as a court painter to Count (later Palatine and Prince) Pál Esterházy (1635–1713). Between 1664 and 1671 he produced at least eight paintings for him, and decorated sixteen rooms of his Kismarton Castle.
Aplicación de herramientas de manufactura esbelta para el mejoramiento de la cadena de valor de una línea de producción de sillas para oficina.
Authors: Wilches Arango María Jimena 
Published: January 2015

Los sistemas de producción pueden representarse y analizarse como una cadena de valor que muestre las actividadesrealizadas para lograr la generación de productos o servicios ofrecidos a los clientes finales. Sin embargoal hacer esto, es muy común encontrarse con actividades que en realidad no le agregan valor a estos productos oservicios lo que implica un impacto negativo en la productividad del sistema. Estas actividades pueden ser clasificadas como desperdicios según la filosofía de la manufactura esbelta, la cual a su vez nos brinda herramientas que nos permiten eliminar estos desperdicios y de esta manera mejorar el flujo e incrementar la productividad de estos sistemas de producción. En este artículo, resultado de una investigación aplicada, se muestra el análisis y mejoramiento de la cadena de valor una línea de producción de sillas para oficina. Primero se presentan losdesperdicios identificados en la cadena de valor, luego se determinan las herramientas de manufactura esbeltamás apropiadas para su eliminación y finalmente se hace un análisis costo-beneficio para la implementación delas herramientas propuestas.
Características actuales de la integración económica entre mercosur y los países de la comunidad Andina
Authors: Neira Orjuela Fernando 
Published: January 2015

El presente artículo hace parte de una investigación más amplia sobre procesos de integración y desarrollo en la Comunidad Andina, en particular, el objetivo de este ensayo es mostrar las características actuales de la integración económica entre el Mercado Común del Sur y los países andinos haciendo relevantes logros y limitaciones. Los datos fueron trabajados a partir de las bases de datos de la Comunidad Andina.
Teorías de internacionalización
Authors: Cardozo Pedro Pablo , Chavarro Andrés , Ramírez Carlos Ariel 
Published: January 2015

Este trabajo recopila las diferentes propuestas teóricas que pretenden explicar el fenómeno de la internacionalización desde distintas perspectivas económicas relacionadas con el actual movimiento global que afecta los mercados y la forma como en ellos se incorporan las empresas, y algunas clasiﬁcaciones de las mismas realizadas por diferentes autores. Además, se hace énfasis en los modelos de internacionalización que describen la internacionalización de pymes y se presentan consideraciones puntuales con relación a la internacionalización de pymes de alta tecnología, resaltando los que, para los autores, son los modelos que mejor se adaptan a este perﬁ l especial de empresas y a sus formas particulares de actividad internacional.El documento que se desarrolla a continuación es uno de los resultados logrados en la investigación de prácticas de internacionalización de pymes de alta tecnología ubicadas en Bogotá, realizada durante el 2005-2006.
Dose-Dense Nonpegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin and Docetaxel Combination in Breast Cancer: Dose-Finding Study
Authors: Ricevuto Enrico , Cocciolone Valentina , Mancini Maria , Cannita Katia , Romano Silvio , Bruera Gemma , Pelliccione Michela , Adinolfi Maria Ilaria , Ciccozzi Antonietta , Bafile Alberto , Penco Maria , Ficorella Corrado 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Author Summary

Background.
Anthracyclines and taxanes are effective drugs in breast cancer (BC), but their toxicity profiles limit their use in combination. A dose-finding study was performed to determine maximum tolerated doses (MTDs) of nonpegylated liposomal doxorubicin (TLC-D99) and docetaxel (DTX) as a dose-dense schedule, to maintain dose intensity, and to limit toxicity, particularly cardiac.

Methods.
Twenty-four patients were enrolled, 12 with metastatic BC, 5 with locally advanced BC, and 7 with early BC. An intra- and interpatient approach was planned in two sequential steps. In the first step, TLC-D99 was administered at dose levels of 40, 45, and 50 mg/m2 plus DTX at a fixed dose of 50 mg/m2. In the second step, TLC-D99 was administered at the dose established in the first step plus DTX at dose levels of 55, 60, and 65 mg/m2. Every treatment cycle was delivered on day 1 every 14 days. Pegylated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was scheduled on day 2. Dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were defined as G4 hematological; G3 nonhematological; ≥10% or ≥20% left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) reduction if the final value was &lt;50% or ≥50%, respectively; severe arrhythmia; and symptomatic heart failure. LVEF was evaluated by echocardiography every two cycles, and precursor brain natriuretic peptide (pBNP) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) were monitored on days 1 and 2.

Results.
Five DLTs occurred (20.8%). No cardiac event of congestive heart failure was reported; 2 events of grade 3 cardiac dysfunction (8.3%), including a ≥20% LVEF reduction in 1 patient and symptomatic arrhythmia in another; 2 incidences of G4 neutropenia (8.3%); and 1 occurrence of G3 asthenia (4.2%) were reported. MTDs were not reached. The recommended doses were established as TLC-D99 50 mg/m2 and DTX 65 mg/m2. Cumulatively, mild (G1–G2) cardiac dysfunction was observed in 58.4% of patients: G1 cardiac arrhythmia was noted in 50%, G1–G2 general cardiac toxicity occurred in 25%, and concomitant toxicity was present in 17%. cTnI never increased. pBNP was increased in 25% and was associated with limiting arrhythmia in 4% and cardiac dysfunction in 16%.

Conclusion.
Dose-dense TLC-D99 50 mg/m2 and DTX 65 mg/m2 can be safely administered in combination every 2 weeks for breast cancer, with the highest projected dose intensity for each drug at 25 and 32.5 mg/m2 per week, respectively.
Psychotropic Drug Use Among Preschool Children in the Medicaid Program From 36 States
Authors: Garfield Lauren D. , Brown Derek S. , Allaire Benjamin T. , Ross Raven E. , Nicol Ginger E. , Raghavan Ramesh 
Published: January 2015

Objectives. We determined the prevalence of and indications for psychotropic medication among preschool children in Medicaid. Methods. We obtained 2000 to 2003 Medicaid Analytic Extract data from 36 states. We followed children in 2 cohorts, born in 1999 and 2000, up to age 4 years. We used logistic regression to model odds of receiving medications for (1) attention-deficit disorder/attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, (2) depression or anxiety, and (3) psychotic illness or bipolar. Results. Overall, 1.19% of children received at least 1 psychotropic drug. Medications for attention-deficit disorder/attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder treatment were most common (0.61% of all children), followed by depression or anxiety (0.59%) and psychotic illness or bipolar (0.24%). Among children, boys, those of other or unknown race compared with White, and those with other insurance compared with fee for service–only had higher odds of receiving a prescription (odds ratio [OR] = 1.80 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.74, 1.86], 1.87 [1.66, 1.85], and 1.14 [1.01, 1.28], respectively), whereas Black and Hispanic children had lower odds (OR = 0.51 [95% CI = 0.48, 0.53] and 0.37 [0.34, 0.39], respectively). Conclusions. Preschoolers are receiving psychotropic medications despite limited evidence supporting safety or efficacy. Future research should focus on implementing medication use practice parameters in infant and toddler clinics, and expanding psychosocial interventions for young children with behavioral problems.
A Minimal Intervention to Promote Smoke-Free Homes Among 2-1-1 Callers: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kegler Michelle C. , Bundy Lucja , Haardörfer Regine , Escoffery Cam , Berg Carla , Yembra Debbie , Kreuter Matthew , Hovell Mel , Williams Rebecca , Mullen Patricia Dolan , Ribisl Kurt , Burnham Donna 
Published: January 2015

Objectives. We tested the efficacy of a minimal intervention to create smoke-free homes in low-income households recruited through the United Way of Greater Atlanta 2-1-1, an information and referral system that connects callers to local social services. Methods. We conducted a randomized controlled trial (n = 498) from June 2012 through June 2013, with follow-up at 3 and 6 months. The intervention consisted of 3 mailings and 1 coaching call. Results. Participants were mostly smokers (79.7%), women (82.7%), African American (83.3%), and not employed (76.5%), with an annual household income of $10 000 or less (55.6%). At 6-months postbaseline, significantly more intervention participants reported a full ban on smoking in the home than did control participants (40.0% vs 25.4%; P = .002). The intervention worked for smokers and nonsmokers, as well as those with or without children. Conclusions. Minimal intervention was effective in promoting smoke-free homes in low income households and offers a potentially scalable model for protecting children and adult nonsmokers from secondhand smoke exposure in their homes.
Accelerometer-Monitored Sedentary Behavior and Observed Physical Function Loss
Authors: Semanik Pamela A. , Lee Jungwha , Song Jing , Chang Rowland W. , Sohn Min-Woong , Ehrlich-Jones Linda S. , Ainsworth Barbara E. , Nevitt Michael M. , Kwoh C. Kent , Dunlop Dorothy D. 
Published: January 2015

Objectives. We examined whether objectively measured sedentary behavior is related to subsequent functional loss among community-dwelling adults with or at high risk for knee osteoarthritis. Methods. We analyzed longitudinal data (2008–2012) from 1659 Osteoarthritis Initiative participants aged 49 to 83 years in 4 cities. Baseline sedentary time was assessed by accelerometer monitoring. Functional loss (gait speed and chair stand testing) was regressed on baseline sedentary time and covariates (baseline function; socioeconomics [age, gender, race/ethnicity, income, education], health factors [obesity, depression, comorbidities, knee symptoms, knee osteoarthritis severity, prior knee injury, other lower extremity pain, smoking], and moderate-to-vigorous activity). Results. This cohort spent almost two thirds of their waking hours (average = 9.8 h) in sedentary behaviors. Sedentary time was significantly positively associated with subsequent functional loss in both gait speed (−1.66 ft/min decrease per 10% increment sedentary percentage waking hours) and chair stand rate (−0.75 repetitions/min decrease), controlling for covariates. Conclusions. Being less sedentary was related to less future decline in function, independent of time spent in moderate-to-vigorous activity. Both limiting sedentary activities and promoting physical activity in adults with knee osteoarthritis may be important in maintaining function.