bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: pH‐Independent Transfer Hydrogenation in Water: Catalytic, Enantioselective Reduction of β‐Keto Esters.
Authors: Ariger Martin A. , Carreira Erick M. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn the presence of an optimized moisture‐ and air‐stable iridium catalyst, aromatic/heteroaromatic ketoesters are reduced by formic acid/sodium formate in excellent yields and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Selective Palladium‐Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation of Aryl Iodides Using a Bulky Diphosphine Ligand.
Authors: de la Fuente Veronica , Godard Cyril , Claver Carmen , Castillon Sergio 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe reactions proceed with 99% chemoselectivity for the formation of the desired amides, whereas the formation of α‐ketoamides is suppressed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Aryl‐Substituted Naphthalenes by Chemoselective Suzuki—Miyaura Reactions of Bromo‐trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy‐naphthalenes. Influence of Steric and Electronic Parameters.
Authors: Hassan Zahid , Hussain Munawar , Villinger Alexander , Langer Peter 
Published: November 2012

AbstractFor all substrates the first attack is observed at the brominated carbon.
ChemInform Abstract: Arbuzov Chemistry with Chlorofullerene C60Cl6: A Powerful Method for Selective Synthesis of Highly Functionalized [60]Fullerene Derivatives
Authors: Yurkova Anastasiya A. , Khakina Ekaterina A. , Troyanov Sergey I. , Chernyak Alexander , Shmygleva Lyubov , Peregudov Alexander S. , Martynenko Vyacheslav M. , Dobrovolskiy Yury A. , Troshin Pavel A. 
Published: November 2012

Abstractsuch as phosphoric acid (I) and its esters (II)
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Gabapentin Analogues via Organocatalytic Asymmetric Michael Addition of α‐Branched Aldehydes to β‐Nitroacrylates.
Authors: Yoshida Masanori , Masaki Erika , Ikehara Hiroto , Hara Shoji 
Published: November 2012

AbstractAn effective mixture of L‐phenylalanine and its lithium salt is presented as catalyst in the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: From Propargylic Amides to Functionalized Oxazoles: Domino Gold Catalysis/Oxidation by Dioxygen.
Authors: Hashmi A. Stephen K. , Jaimes Maria Camila Blanco , Schuster Andreas M. , Rominger Frank 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA new and highly efficient method to prepare 2,5‐disubstituted oxazoles is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,1′‐{3‐[(Alkylsulfanyl)methyl] tetrahydro‐2H‐thiopyran‐3,5‐diyl}diethanones from Sodium Sulfide and Thiols.
Authors: Baeva L. A. , Biktasheva L. F. , Nikitina T. S. , Fatykhov A. A. , Lyapina N. K. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe direct condensation of thiols (I) with formaldehyde (II), acetone (III) and sodium sulfide leads to title compounds (IV) in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel and Highly Regioselective Route to Construct Methylthio‐Substituted Pyridazines from Aryl Methyl Ketones at Room Temperature.
Authors: Wu Liuming , Yang Yan , Gao Meng , Zhang Dongxue , Shu Wenming , Zhu Yanping , Wu Anxin 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe title compounds (II) are versatile intermediates for further transformations.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 4‐Alkoxy‐6,9‐dichloro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐a]quinoxalines as Inhibitors of TNF‐α and IL‐6.
Authors: Guirado Antonio , Lopez Sanchez Jose I. , Ruiz‐Alcaraz Antonio J. , Bautista Delia , Galvez Jesus 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe approach to the unprecedented triazoloquinoxalines (VIII), whose synthesis appear to be unfeasible by other methods, involves dichlorodicyanoquinoxaline (III) as a cheap key intermediate.
ChemInform Abstract: (.+‐.)‐1,1′‐Binaphthalene‐2,2′‐diol‐derived Phosphoric Diester: Immobilization on Polyethylene Glycol Support and Application in the Pudovik Reaction.
Authors: Beletskaya I. P. , Patrikeeva L. S. , Lamaty F. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractRacemic PEG‐supported‐1,1′‐binaphthalene‐2,2′‐diphosphoric acids are synthesized using a click chemistry approach as key step.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Diterpenes from Solidago canadensis
Authors: Zeng Zhi‐Xin , Ma Wen‐Hui , Li Yong‐Le , Han Ting , Zheng Cheng‐Jian , Qin Lu‐Ping 
Published: November 2012

Abstractisolation and structure elucidation of solidagocanins A (Ia) and B (Ib)
ChemInform Abstract: In silico Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of 3′‐O‐Benzylated Analogues of Salacinol, a Potent α‐Glucosidase Inhibitor Isolated from an Ayurvedic Traditional Medicine “Salacia”.
Authors: Muraoka Osamu , et al. et al. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe α‐glucosidase inhibitory activities of (IV) and (V) are tested in vitro compared with those of salacinol, neosalacinol, and antidiabetics (voglibose and acarbose).
ChemInform Abstract: Sinoraculine, the Precursor of the Novel Alkaloid Sinoracutine from Stephania cepharantha Hayata
Authors: He Li , Deng Lu‐Lu , Mu Shu‐Zhen , Sun Qian‐Yun , Hao Xiao‐Jiang , Zhang Yuan‐Hu 
Published: November 2012

Abstractisolation and structure elucidation of sinoraculine (I)
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthetic Route to the C‐Nucleoside, 2‐Deoxy Benzamide Riboside.
Authors: Midtkandal Rebecca R. , Redpath Philip , Trammell Samuel A. J. , Macdonald Simon J. F. , Brenner Charles , Migaud Marie E. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe synthesis of 2‐deoxy benzamide riboside (XI) proceeds via the preparation of the m‐vinyl substituted phenyl exo‐alkene key intermediate (VII) which provides the necessary flexibility to access the m‐carboxamide substituent, essential to benzamide riboside analogues.
Biomonitoring of Ni and V Contamination Using Oysters (Saccostrea cucullata) at Lengeh Port, Persian Gulf, Iran
Authors: Haidari Behnam , Bakhtiari Alireza Riyahi , Yavari Vhid , Kazemi Ali , Shirneshan Golshan 
Published: November 2012

AbstractVanadium and nickel are two important indicators of oil pollution. Lengthy exposure to these elements causes serious harmful effects in human health, different harsh allergies being examples. The accumulation of two heavy metals (Ni and V) in sediment and the soft and hard tissues of Saccostrea cucullata were analyzed at three sampling sites along the coast of Lengeh Port, Persian Gulf. Results indicated at all the sampling sites; the Ni levels in soft tissues (STs) were higher than in the shells (SHs) and sediments, whereas the V levels were higher in the sediments. In addition, meaningful relationship (r = 0.65; p < 0.05) was observed across Ni levels in ST of S. cucullata and sediment, while for V concentrations a strong relationship (r = 0.83; p < 0.01) was found in SH of S. cucullata and sediment. This indicates that ST and SH of oyster can be considered as a biomonitoring agent for Ni and V levels, in coastal waters, respectively. The exposure of the consumer is compared directly to minimal risk level and provisional maximum tolerable daily intake. Result indicated that levels of Ni and V were within the safety limits for human consumption.
Optimal Regularity for the No‐Sign Obstacle Problem
Authors: Andersson John , Lindgren Erik , Shahgholian Henrik 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn this paper we prove the optimal $C^{1,1}(B_{1/2})$‐regularity for a general obstacle‐type problem

under the assumption that $f*N$ is $C^{1,1}(B_1)$, where N is the Newtonian potential. This is the weakest assumption for which one can hope to get $C^{1,1}$‐regularity. As a by‐product of the $C^{1,1}$‐regularity we are able to prove that, under a standard thickness assumption on the zero set close to a free boundary point $x^0$, the free boundary is locally a $C^1$‐graph close to $x^0$ provided f is Dini. This completely settles the question of the optimal regularity of this problem, which has been the focus of much attention during the last two decades. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The development of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in rhesus monkeys: Effects of age, sex, and early experience
Authors: Koch Hannah , McCormack Kai , Sanchez Mar M. , Maestripieri Dario 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe investigated the development of the HPA axis in group‐living rhesus monkeys. Forty‐three infants were studied from birth through their third year of life; 22 infants were physically abused by their mothers, while 21 infants were not abused. Plasma cortisol levels in basal conditions and in response to a novel environment test were assessed at 6‐month intervals. Both basal and stress cortisol increased steadily from 6 to 24 months of age and then dropped. Across all ages, stress cortisol levels were significantly higher than the basal levels. The cortisol responses to stress at 30 and 36 months of age were significantly lower than the responses at all other ages. At most ages there was an inverse relationship between basal and stress cortisol levels. Individual differences in basal cortisol levels were generally stable in the first 2 years and more variable in the third year while the opposite for true for cortisol responses to stress. At the end of the first year, but not later in life, abused infants had higher cortisol levels than controls across the basal and stress conditions. Rates of social interactions with the mother and other group members were positively correlated with basal cortisol levels early in life, and with cortisol responses to stress later in life. Altogether, these results indicate that there are strong individual differences in HPA function, that there is a relationship between basal activity and stress reactivity, and that early abuse has the short‐term effect of increasing both basal activity and stress reactivity. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 86–95, 2014.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Binary Ni–Co Hydroxides and Carbonate Hydroxides as Pseudosupercapacitors
Authors: Bastakoti Bishnu Prasad , Kamachi Yuichiro , Huang Hou‐Sheng , Chen Lin‐Chi , Wu Kevin C.‐W. , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA series of binary Ni–Co hydroxides and Ni–Co carbonate hydroxides with various shapes and compositions was successfully synthesized by a one‐step and reliable method assisted by an amphiphilic block copolymer. After thermal treatment at 200 °C, the as‐prepared samples could be activated and their surface areas could be increased. With increasing Co content, the shapes of the final products changed from flower‐ to fiber‐ and plate‐like structures. The synthesized binary Ni–Co sample with an optimized composition of Ni2+/Co2+ = 25:75 exhibited high surface area and a capacitance of 632 F g–1 at 5 mV s–1 with negligible capacitance loss after 1000 cycles. The capacitance value of the binary Ni–Co sample is higher than that of Ni hydroxide itself, and this improved electrochemical performance is attributed to the binary Co2+/Co3+ and Ni2+/Ni3+ couples that afford rich faradic capacitance and enhanced conductivity.
Effect of the addition of hardfats on the physical properties of cocoa butter
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Paula Badan , Basso Rodrigo Corrêa , Kieckbusch Theo Guenter 
Published: November 2012

AbstractFully hydrogenated oils, also known as hardfats, are currently employed in a limited number of applications in the food and chemical industries. The use of these compounds has been proposed for the improvement or standardization of the physical properties of lipid systems, showing great potential for use in the production of chocolate, confectionery, and similar products. This work evaluated the addition of different hardfats on the physicochemical properties of cocoa butter (CB). Fully hydrogenated oils with significantly different chemical composition, obtained from palm kernel oil (FHPKO), palm oil (FHPO), cottonseed oil (FHCO), soybean oil (FHSO), and crambe oil (FHCrO), were evaluated for their fatty acid and triacylglycerol compositions. Blends of CB/hardfats, at concentrations of 1, 3, and 5% w/w were studied by determining the melting point, solid fat profiles, microstructure, and consistency. Hardfats FHPO, FHCO, FHSO e FHCrO proved to be effective additives to modulate the physical properties of CB. Major changes on the physical properties of CB were performed by the FHSO. FHPKO was found unsatisfactory as a modifier of the CB.Practical applications: The use of hardfats as crystallization additives in products containing CB is here recommended for technological adjustments of CB formulations in relation to attributes like heat resistance and hardness, often necessary when commercialized in regions of warm climates or with large variation in temperature. The hardfats may act as potential modulators of CB crystallization, aiming to obtain higher quality products and significant cost reduction of industrial processing.
Methylation alterations at imprinted genes detected among long‐term shiftworkers
Authors: Jacobs Daniel I. , Hansen Johnni , Fu Alan , Stevens Richard G. , Tjonneland Anne , Vogel Ulla B. , Zheng Tongzhang , Zhu Yong 
Published: November 2012

AbstractExposure to light at night through shiftwork has been linked to alterations in DNA methylation and increased risk of cancer development. Using an Illumina Infinium Methylation Assay, we analyzed methylation levels of 397 CpG sites in the promoter regions of 56 normally imprinted genes to investigate whether shiftwork is associated with alteration of methylation patterns. Methylation was significantly higher at 20 CpG sites and significantly lower at 30 CpG sites (P < 0.05) in 10 female long‐term shiftworkers as compared to 10 female age‐ and folate intake‐matched day workers. The strongest evidence for altered methylation patterns in shiftworkers was observed for DLX5, IGF2AS, and TP73 based on the magnitude of methylation change and consistency in the direction of change across multiple CpG sites, and consistent results were observed using quantitative DNA methylation analysis. We conclude that long‐term shiftwork may alter methylation patterns at imprinted genes, which may be an important mechanism by which shiftwork has carcinogenic potential and warrants further investigation. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optimization of the Lanthanum Tungstate/Pr2NiO4 Half Cell for Application in Proton Conducting Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Quarez E. , Oumellal Y. , Joubert O. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractLa6WO12, recently reformulated La28–xW4+xO54+3x/2 exhibits a good level of protonic conductivity and chemical stability toward acidic gases. It is therefore a potential material for use as electrolyte in proton conducting solid oxide fuel cells (PC‐SOFC). Pr2NiO4 is a cathode material tested for SOFC in which proton conductivity has been demonstrated recently. In this study, compatibility between lanthanum tungstate and praseodymium nickelate has been investigated by powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Microstructure of symmetrical cells based on the lanthanum tungstate and Pr2NiO4 has been analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and performance of the cathode has been evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) through the value of the area specific resistance (ASR). To optimize the ASR value, different parameters were modified such as the Pr2NiO4 calcination temperature, the firing temperature of the symmetrical cells, the thickness of the Pr2NiO4 layer, and the composition of the composite cathode. An ASR value of 0.46 Ω cm2 at 700 °C has been obtained showing that lanthanum tungstate electrolyte associated with Pr2NiO4 cathode is a promising half cell for application in PC‐SOFC.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS WITH SEMI‐ANONYMOUS MATCHING
Authors: Engelhardt Bryan , Kurt Mark R. , Polgreen Philip M. 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTWe analyze the spread of sexually transmitted infections in an environment where individuals search for a sexual partner and, when found, cannot verify whether his partner is infected. Decisions are based on a variety of factors including the proportion infected, the likelihood of safe sex, the rate of detection and treatment, the cost of infection, and the length of search. The model demonstrates how directed search induces a separating equilibrium and, as a result, supports empirical evidence demonstrating the importance of sero‐sorting. Furthermore, the model reinforces arguments that decreasing the costs of infection increases the infection rate. The model is calibrated, and the policy implications are analyzed within the context of men who have sex with men. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Divergent cellular pathways of hippocampal memory consolidation and reconsolidation
Authors: Lee Jonathan L.C. , Hynds Robert E. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe reconsolidation of memories after their retrieval involves cellular mechanisms that recapitulate much of the initial consolidation process. However, we have previously demonstrated that there are independent cellular mechanisms of consolidation and reconsolidation in the dorsal hippocampus for contextual fear memories. Expression of BDNF was required for consolidation, while Zif268 expression was necessary for reconsolidation. Given the dichotomy between the obvious mechanistic similarity and notable dissociations between consolidation and reconsolidation, we sought to determine whether the separation at the level of gene expression reflected either parallel and independent upstream signaling pathways, or common upstream mechanisms that diverge by the level of transcriptional activation. Here we show that while consolidation and reconsolidation are commonly dependent upon NMDA receptor activation in the dorsal hippocampus there is a double dissociation between the effects of the MEK inhibitor U0126 and the IKK inhibitor sulfasalazine. Moreover, rescue experiments and western blot analyses show that there are functional NMDA receptor–ERK1–BDNF and NMDA receptor–IKKα–Zif268 pathways for consolidation and reconsolidation, respectively. Therefore, there are divergent pathways of hippocampal memory consolidation and reconsolidation, involving commonality at the cell surface, but separable downstream kinase cascades and transcriptional regulation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Losing sight of the future: Impaired semantic prospection following medial temporal lobe lesions
Authors: Race Elizabeth , Keane Margaret M. , Verfaellie Mieke 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe ability to imagine the future (prospection) relies on many of the same brain regions that support memory for the past. To date, scientific research has primarily focused on the neural substrates of episodic forms of prospection (mental simulation of spatiotemporally specific future events); however, little is known about the neural substrates of semantic prospection (mental simulation of future nonpersonal facts). Of particular interest is the role of the medial temporal lobes (MTLs), and specifically the hippocampus. Although the hippocampus has been proposed to play a key role in episodic prospection, recent evidence suggests that it may not play a similar role in semantic prospection. To examine this possibility, amnesic patients with MTL lesions were asked to imagine future issues occurring in the public domain. The results showed that patients could list general semantic facts about the future, but when probed to elaborate, patients produced impoverished descriptions that lacked semantic detail. This impairment occurred despite intact performance on standard neuropsychological tests of semantic processing and did not simply reflect deficits in narrative construction. The performance of a patient with damage limited to the hippocampus was similar to that of the remaining patients with MTL lesions and amnesic patients' impaired elaboration of the semantic future correlated with their impaired elaboration of the semantic past. Together, these results provide novel evidence from MTL amnesia that memory and prospection are linked in the semantic domain and reveal that the MTLs play a critical role in the construction of detailed, multi‐element semantic simulations. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity on heat transfer in a circular porous passage with axial conduction
Authors: Minaei Asgar , Karami Alimohammad 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn this study, heat transfer in a circular porous passage with axial conduction and variable viscosity and thermal conductivity numerically has been investigated. Heat transfer for the different values of Da and Pe is investigated. The results found show that Nusselt distribution with variable viscosity does not significantly differ from that with constant viscosity in both thermally developing and fully developed regions. However, in the developing region there is a significant difference between Nusselt distribution with variable thermal conductivity and Nusselt distribution with constant thermal conductivity. In the fully developed region Nusselt distribution with variable and constant thermal conductivities does not drastically differ. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj). DOI 10.1002/htj.21028
Numerical and experimental investigation of operating parameters of solar–powered desiccant wheel in India
Authors: Yadav Avadhesh , Bajpai V.K. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA mathematical model has been used to predict the operating parameters of a desiccant wheel for performance analysis of the desiccant wheel. The model considered both gas and solid side resistance. The model shows a good agreement with experimental data.An experimental setup was fabricated using an evacuated tube solar air collector with a desiccant wheel. The hot air needed for regeneration is produced by the evacuated tube solar air collector, which has a collector surface area of 4.44 m2 . The regeneration can be started from 40 °C. The temperature of outlet air obtained is in the range of 40–65 °C in this evacuated tube solar air collector. The experimental setup was installed at NIT Kurukshetra, India, 29° 58′ (latitude) North and 76° 53′ (longitude) East.Numerical results showed that both the moisture removal and the temperature increment of the process air increases with an increasing regeneration air temperature, regeneration air inlet velocity, and process inlet moisture. But both the moisture removal and the temperature increment of the processed air decreases by increasing the process air inlet velocity and regeneration air moisture at the inlet. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj). DOI 10.1002/htj.21031