bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potential of the energy cane as the main biomass crop for the cellulosic industry
Authors: Carvalho-Netto Osmar V , Bressiani Jose A , Soriano Hugo L , Fiori Celso S , Santos Joao M , Barbosa Geraldo VS , Xavier Mauro A , Landell Marcos GA , Pereira Goncalo AG 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The last century was the scene of an extraordinary social and economic development of mankind. This development had the fossil energy as one of its pillars. The discovery of petrol led the society to shape a development model highly dependent on this source of energy, which has finite resources and also promotes a big increase on the greenhouse gases, with unforeseeable consequences for the human beings as well as the entire life. It is imperative that we change the pillars of energy from fossil to renewables that will be more sustainable and less aggressive to the environment. One of the sources of this new energy platform, probably the best, is biomass. Fibrous plants bring several advantages and fit well within the requirements deemed important to be elected as producers of biomass. Among these characteristics we have the high processing capacity of solar energy into biomass, fast growth, long-term canopy, possibility of large-scale production. Despite of that this plants are adapted to suboptimal environments that allows its production not compete with food production because it requires less energy input, bringing marginal lands into production with its all social-benefit consequences. Among the fibrous plants, SUGAR CANE or, better, ENERGY CANE has one of the biggest potential for biomass productions. Results from several breeding programs has showing the high biomass potential of energy cane over other biomass crops like sorghum, elephant grass and eucalyptus.
Southwest Oncology Group S0008: A Phase III Trial of High-Dose Interferon Alfa-2b Versus Cisplatin, Vinblastine, and Dacarbazine, Plus Interleukin-2 and Interferon in Patients With High-Risk Melanoma—An Intergroup Study of Cancer and Leukemia Group B, Children's Oncology Group, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, and Southwest Oncology Group
Authors: Flaherty Lawrence E. , Othus Megan , Atkins Michael B. , Tuthill Ralph J. , Thompson John A. , Vetto John T. , Haluska Frank G. , Pappo Alberto S. , Sosman Jeffrey A. , Redman Bruce G. , Moon James , Ribas Antoni , Kirkwood John M. , Sondak Vernon K. 
Published: October 2014

Purpose High-dose interferon (IFN) for 1 year (HDI) is the US Food and Drug Administration–approved adjuvant therapy for patients with high-risk melanoma. Efforts to modify IFN dose and schedule have not improved efficacy. We sought to determine whether a shorter course of biochemotherapy would be more effective. Patients and Methods S0008 (S0008: Chemotherapy Plus Biological Therapy in Treating Patients With Melanoma) was an Intergroup phase III trial that enrolled high-risk patients (stage IIIA-N2a through IIIC-N3), randomly assigning them to receive either HDI or biochemotherapy consisting of dacarbazine, cisplatin, vinblastine, interleukin-2, IFN alfa-2b (IFN-α-2b) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor given every 21 days for three cycles. Coprimary end points were relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Results In all, 432 patients were enrolled. Grade 3 and 4 adverse events occurred in 57% and 7% of HDI patients and 36% and 40% of biochemotherapy patients, respectively. At a median follow-up of 7.2 years, biochemotherapy improved RFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.75; 95% CI, 0.58 to 0.97; P = .015), with a median RFS of 4.0 years (95% CI, 1.9 years to not reached [NR]) versus 1.9 years for HDI (95% CI, 1.2 to 2.8 years) and a 5-year RFS of 48% versus 39%. Median OS was not different (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.31; P = .55), with a median OS of 9.9 years (95% CI, 4.62 years to NR) for biochemotherapy versus 6.7 years (95% CI, 4.5 years to NR) for HDI and a 5-year OS of 56% for both arms. Conclusion Biochemotherapy is a shorter, alternative adjuvant treatment for patients with high-risk melanoma that provides statistically significant improvement in RFS but no difference in OS and more toxicity compared with HDI.
Daily Aspirin Use and Prostate Cancer–Specific Mortality in a Large Cohort of Men with Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer
Authors: Jacobs Eric J. , Newton Christina C. , Stevens Victoria L. , Campbell Peter T. , Freedland Stephen J. , Gapstur Susan M. 
Published: October 2014

Purpose In a recent analysis of a large clinical database, postdiagnosis aspirin use was associated with 57% lower prostate cancer–specific mortality (PCSM) among men diagnosed with nonmetastatic prostate cancer. However, information on this association remains limited. We assessed the association between daily aspirin use and PCSM in a large prospective cohort. Patients and Methods This analysis included men diagnosed with nonmetastatic prostate cancer between enrollment in the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort in 1992 or 1993 and June 2009. Aspirin use was reported at enrollment, in 1997, and every 2 years thereafter. During follow-up through 2010, there were 441 prostate cancer deaths among 8,427 prostate cancer cases with information on prediagnosis aspirin use and 301 prostate cancer deaths among 7,118 prostate cancer cases with information on postdiagnosis aspirin use. Results Compared with no aspirin use, neither prediagnosis nor postdiagnosis daily aspirin use were statistically significantly associated with PCSM (prediagnosis use, multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 0.92, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.17, postdiagnosis use, HR = 0.98; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.29). However, among men diagnosed with high-risk cancers (≥ T3 and/or Gleason score ≥ 8), postdiagnosis daily aspirin use was associated with lower PCSM (HR = 0.60; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.97), with no clear difference by dose (low-dose, typically 81 mg per day, HR = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.27 to 0.92, higher dose, HR = 0.73; 95% CI, 0.40 to 1.34). Conclusion A randomized trial of aspirin among men diagnosed with nonmetastatic prostate cancer was recently funded. Our results suggest any additional randomized trials addressing this question should prioritize enrolling men with high-risk cancers and need not use high doses.
Trastuzumab Plus Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Breast Cancer: Planned Joint Analysis of Overall Survival From NSABP B-31 and NCCTG N9831
Authors: Perez Edith A. , Romond Edward H. , Suman Vera J. , Jeong Jong-Hyeon , Sledge George , Geyer Charles E. , Martino Silvana , Rastogi Priya , Gralow Julie , Swain Sandra M. , Winer Eric P. , Colon-Otero Gerardo , Davidson Nancy E. , Mamounas Eleftherios , Zujewski Jo Anne , Wolmark Norman 
Published: October 2014

Purpose Positive interim analysis findings from four large adjuvant trials evaluating trastuzumab in patients with early-stage human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) –positive breast cancer were first reported in 2005. One of these reports, the joint analysis of North Central Cancer Treatment Group NCCTG N9831 (Combination Chemotherapy With or Without Trastuzumab in Treating Women With HER2-Overexpressing Breast Cancer) and the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project NSABP B-31 (Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide Plus Paclitaxel With or Without Trastuzumab in Treating Women With Node-Positive Breast Cancer That Overexpresses HER2), was updated in 2011. We now report the planned definitive overall survival (OS) results from this joint analysis along with updates on the disease-free survival (DFS) end point. Methods In all, 4,046 patients with HER2-positive operable breast cancer were enrolled to receive doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel with or without trastuzumab in both trials. The required number of events for the definitive statistical analysis for OS (710 events) was reached in September 2012. Updated analyses of overall DFS and related subgroups were also performed. Results Median time on study was 8.4 years. Adding trastuzumab to chemotherapy led to a 37% relative improvement in OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.63; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.73; P < .001) and an increase in 10-year OS rate from 75.2% to 84%. These results were accompanied by an improvement in DFS of 40% (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.68; P < .001) and increase in 10-year DFS rate from 62.2% to 73.7%. All patient subgroups benefited from addition of this targeted anti-HER2 agent. Conclusion The addition of trastuzumab to paclitaxel after doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide in early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer results in a substantial and durable improvement in survival as a result of a sustained marked reduction in cancer recurrence.
Prediction of Late Distant Recurrence After 5 Years of Endocrine Treatment: A Combined Analysis of Patients From the Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group 8 and Arimidex, Tamoxifen Alone or in Combination Randomized Trials Using the PAM50 Risk of Recurrence Score
Authors: Sestak Ivana , Cuzick Jack , Dowsett Mitch , Lopez-Knowles Elena , Filipits Martin , Dubsky Peter , Cowens John Wayne , Ferree Sean , Schaper Carl , Fesl Christian , Gnant Michael 
Published: October 2014

Purpose We have previously shown that the PAM50-based risk of recurrence (ROR) score is significantly correlated with distant recurrence in both the translational research cohort within the Arimidex, Tamoxifen Alone or in Combination (ATAC) trial (TransATAC) and Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group 8 (ABCSG 8) randomized trials. Here, we focus on the ROR score for predicting distant recurrence after 5 years of follow-up in a combined analysis of these two randomized trials. Methods Long-term follow-up data and tissue samples were obtained from 2,137 postmenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive early-stage breast cancer from the ABCSG 8 and TransATAC trials. We used Cox proportional hazard regression models to determine the prognostic value of ROR for distant recurrence beyond 5 years in the combined data set. Results A total of 2,137 women who did not have a recurrence 5 years after diagnosis were included in the combined analyses. The Clinical Treatment Score (CTS) was the strongest prognostic factor 5 years after diagnosis (univariable: likelihood ratio [LR] χ2 = 94.12, bivariable: LR χ2 = 61.43). The ROR score was significantly prognostic by itself in years 5 to 10. In the node-negative/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative subgroup, more prognostic value for late distant recurrence was added by the ROR score compared with the CTS. Conclusion The ROR score added clinically meaningful prognostic information to the CTS in all patients and all subgroups in the late follow-up period. These results suggest that the ROR score may be helpful for separating patients into risk groups who could be spared or potentially benefit from extended hormonal therapy beyond 5 years of treatment.
Preliminary Results of a Phase II Trial of Proton Radiotherapy for Pediatric Rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Ladra Matthew M. , Szymonifka Jackie D. , Mahajan Anita , Friedmann Alison M. , Yong Yeap Beow , Goebel Claire P. , MacDonald Shannon M. , Grosshans David R. , Rodriguez-Galindo Carlos , Marcus Karen J. , Tarbell Nancy J. , Yock Torunn I. 
Published: October 2014

Purpose This prospective phase II study was designed to assess disease control and to describe acute and late adverse effects of treatment with proton radiotherapy in children with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Patients and Methods Fifty-seven patients with localized RMS (age 21 years or younger) or metastatic embryonal RMS (age 2 to 10 years) were enrolled between February 2005 and August 2012. All patients were treated with chemotherapy based on either vincristine, actinomycin, and cyclophosphamide or vincristine, actinomycin, and ifosfamide–based chemotherapy and proton radiation. Surgical resection was based on tumor site and accessibility. Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, Version 3.0, was used to assess and grade adverse effects of treatment. Concurrent enrollment onto Children's Oncology Group or European Pediatric Sarcoma Study Group protocols was allowed. All pathology and imaging were reviewed at the treating institution. Results Median follow-up was 47 months (range, 14 to 102 months) for survivors. Five-year event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and local control (LC) were 69%, 78%, and 81%, respectively, for the entire cohort. The 5-year LC by risk group was 93% for low-risk and 77% for intermediate-risk disease. There were 13 patients with grade 3 acute toxicity and three patients with grade 3 late toxicity. There were no acute or late toxicities higher than grade 3. Conclusion Five-year LC, EFS, and OS rates were similar to those observed in comparable trials that used photon radiation. Acute and late toxicity rates were favorable. Proton radiation appears to represent a safe and effective radiation modality for pediatric RMS.
Testicular fluorine-18 fludeoxyglucose uptake on positron emission tomography CT in patients with lymphoma: clinical significance and management impact
Authors: Sidhu P , Lin P , Son H , Rosenfeld D , Lin M 
Published: October 2014

Objective:
This is the first case series examining the role of fluorine-18 fludeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography-CT (PET-CT) in the diagnosis of lymphoma, and its impact on the clinical management of patients with secondary testicular involvement. This study explores the clinical significance of abnormal testicular uptake, maximum standardized uptake values and the diagnostic value of the CT component in PET-CT scans of these patients.

Methods:
The case notes and PET scans of 12 patients with diagnosis of lymphoma that were reported to have abnormal 18F-FDG uptake in the testes were examined. Case notes were reviewed for the underlying diagnosis, indication for the scan and its effect on the management decision.

Results:
12 patients demonstrated abnormal 18F-FDG uptake on the PET-CT scans (mean age, 63 years; range, 37–82 years). Seven patients were diagnosed with testicular lymphoma. Six out of the seven (86%) patients received additional intrathecal chemotherapy in addition to their systemic chemotherapy, and one patient had testicular radiotherapy.

Conclusion:
This study establishes the importance of identifying and reporting abnormal 18F-FDG uptake in the testes on PET-CT in patients with lymphoma. 18F-FDG PET-CT is superior to conventional imaging in identifying testicular lymphoma and has significant management impact. It also emphasizes the importance of incorporating the testes as part of the scan coverage.

Advances in knowledge:
The appearances of testicular lymphoma on 18F-FDG PET-CT can be variable and abnormal testicular uptake warrants further investigations and confirmation. FDG PET-CT is an important tool and can be used in addition to conventional imaging in the identification of testicular lymphoma.
Case Report: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria in a woman heterozygous for G6PD A-
Authors: Perdigones Nieves , Morales Mariela , Mason Philip , Bessler Monica 
Published: October 2014

We describe a case of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) in a woman who is heterozygous for the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase A- (G6PDA-) allele. PNH is associated with one or more clones of cells that lack complement inhibition due to loss of function somatic mutations in thePIGAgene. PIGAencodes the enzyme phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis, class A, which catalyses the first step of glycosylphosphatidylinisotol (GPI) anchor synthesis. Two GPI anchored red cell surface antigens regulate complement lysis. G6PD catalyses the first step of the pentose phosphate pathway and enzyme variants, frequent in some populations have been selected because they confer resistance to malaria, are associated with hemolysis in the presence of oxidizing agents including several drugs. The patient had suffered a hemolytic attack after taking co-trimoxazole, a drug that precipitates hemolysis in G6PD deficient individuals. Since bothG6PDandPIGAare X-linked we hypothesized that thePIGAmutation was on the X-chromosome carrying theG6PDA- allele. Investigations showed that in fact thePIGAmutation was on the X-chromosome carrying the normalG6PD Ballele. We speculate that complement activation onG6PD A- red cells exposed to Bactrim might have triggered complement activation inducing the lysis ofG6PD BPNH Type II red blood cells or that the patient may have had a PNH clone expressingG6PDA-at the time of the hemolytic episode.
Laboratory Evaluation of Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma
Authors: Eisenhofer Graeme , Peitzsch Mirko 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDPheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are potentially lethal yet usually surgically curable causes of endocrine hypertension; therefore, once clinical suspicion is aroused it is imperative that clinicians choose the most appropriate laboratory tests to identify the tumors.CONTENTCompelling evidence now indicates that initial screening for PPGLs should include measurements of plasma free metanephrines or urine fractionated metanephrines. LC-MS/MS offers numerous advantages over other analytical methods and is the method of choice when measurements include methoxytyramine, the O-methylated metabolite of dopamine. The plasma test offers advantages over the urine test, although it is rarely implemented correctly, rendering the urine test preferable for mainstream use. To ensure optimum diagnostic sensitivity for the plasma test, reference intervals must be established for blood samples collected after 30 min of supine rest and after an overnight fast when measurements include methoxytyramine. Similarly collected blood samples during screening, together with use of age-adjusted reference intervals, further minimize false-positive results. Extents and patterns of increases in plasma normetanephrine, metanephrine, and methoxytyramine can additionally help predict size and adrenal vs extraadrenal locations of tumors, as well as presence of metastases and underlying germline mutations of tumor susceptibility genes.SUMMARYCarried out correctly at specialist endocrine centers, collection of blood for measurements of plasma normetanephrine, metanephrine, and methoxytyramine not only provides high accuracy for diagnosis of PPGLs, but can also guide clinical decision-making about follow-up imaging strategies, genetic testing, and therapeutic options. At other centers, measurements of urine fractionated metanephrines will identify most PPGLs.
The participatory installation – Forming the evidence of experience
Authors: Fenner Patricia , Allen Jan 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
This article reports on an enquiry designed to explore the impact of the arts on health though a participatory arts installation during the Evidence in a Different Form Conference. Delegates were invited to contribute to the installation with small, personally meaningful objects related to the arts, health and evidence. The process and content of the installation are discussed, focusing on dynamic interactions, conversations and meaningful associations that evolved. Implications identified relate to the arts, place-making and restorative environments, how personal meanings attached to art can change over time and how the direction of projects using arts-based processes can sometimes develop unpredictably. This installation project demonstrates how being open to the natural evolution of a project can reap meaningful results for communities.
Learning from experience: Building the evidence base for arts and health in a community health service
Authors: Nikolas Helen 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Well-planned and evaluated work that produces measurable repeatable outcomes will add to the evidence base for arts and health. Two participatory artworks were created over consecutive years to promote a welcoming ambience in reception areas on two sites of a community health service (CHS) in Victoria. The model used consultation and achieved maximum participation. A range of evaluation methods allowed for triangulation of the results. In addition to the improved ambience, qualitative thematic analysis identified outcomes for participants in both projects of connectedness, relaxation, reminiscence, enjoyment and beauty. By repeating a successful model and finding similar outcomes, we can develop the evidence base.
Art as evidence: Ethical considerations when using client artworks in exhibitions
Authors: Leenstra San , Goldstraw Sally , Rumbold Bruce 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Exhibitions are frequently used to illustrate outcomes of arts therapy programmes, showcase community arts projects, and to gather research data. In this article we review some of the ethical dilemmas that arise in exhibiting client or participant artwork, and argue that attention to shared decision-making within an ethics of care framework is needed to ensure constructive ethical practice.
Palliative care for the planet
Authors: Horsfall Debbie , Linnell Sheridan , Latham Robyne , Rumbold Jean 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
This article weaves together our responses, as three visitors and one Indigenous owner of this land, to the impending end of life, at least human life, on this planet. What we make of this almost impossible theme and what it makes of us are enacted through art, poetry, reverie, analysis and storytelling. We write in ways that are personal, lateral and yet collective, experimenting with how the tensions and connections between different art forms, methodologies and theories might contribute to an emergent ethic of ‘palliative care for the planet’.
Face-to-face and distance teaching and learning in higher education: Lessons from the preparation of professional musicians
Authors: Jorgensen Estelle R. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this article, it is suggested that academic programmes in higher education can benefit from focusing on procedural (or practical and phenomenal) and propositional (or theoretical and abstract) knowledge. The preparation of professional musicians is particularly relevant to this issue because musicians’ focus is often on procedural knowledge gained through making music. Accordingly, two approaches to preparing professional musicians are contrasted – face-to-face and distance education – and these illustrate how the transmission and acquisition of procedural knowledge works. The first, face-to-face teaching and learning, is thought about figuratively in terms of an artist who apprentices pupils or disciples and leads them to become exponents of particular musical practices. The second, distance teaching and learning in music as practiced worldwide, is informed particularly by metaphors of the web, factory and boutique that invoke, respectively, notions of connectivity, production and consumption in music education. The role of technology in mediating the process of teacher and student interaction in distance education is explored. Implications of the analysis for distance teaching and learning in higher education are sketched, with particular reference to the practical case of a hypothetical music school.
Reviews
Authors: Mitchell Helen , Thomas Niall 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The Oxford Handbook of Film Music Studies, David Neumeyer (ed.) (2014) New York: Oxford University Press, 683 pp., ISBN: 9780195328493, h/bk, £100
The Art of Music Production: The Theory and Practice, Richard James Burgess (2013) Oxford University Press, 329 pp., ISBN: 9780199921744, p/bk, £19.99
The politics of place in two early films by Borau
Authors: D’Lugo Marvin 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Borau’s refusal to accept the ghettoization of Spanish film through the imposition of ‘national’ cinema is one of the hallmarks of his career. He is the first in his generation of Spanish directors to develop an aesthetic strategy to reframe Spanish cultural identity through a series of international co-productions. This article looks at two films and two decisive moments in Borau’s career when that transnational aesthetic first emerges. Hay que matar a B/B Must Die (1974) and La Sabina (1979) elaborate counter-narratives of the nation that interrogate the relationship between place and power and the identity shaped by the politics of location.