bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial Developmental Trajectory of Adolescents With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Hummel Thalia Z. , Tak Eline , Maurice‐Stam Heleen , Benninga Marc A. , Kindermann Angelika , Grootenhuis Martha A. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTBackground and Objectives:Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, debilitating disorder occurring in young patients in the most productive period of their lives. Little is known about the effect on the developmental trajectory of adolescents growing up with IBD. The purpose of this study was to assess the psychosocial developmental trajectory (“course of life”) and sociodemographic outcomes in adolescents with IBD compared with peers from the general population.Methods:A total of 62 adolescents (response rate 74%, boys 51.6%, mean age 18.6 years) completed the course of life questionnaire.Results:Patients with IBD achieved fewer milestones on the domains of autonomy and social and psychosexual development compared with their healthy peers. They went less frequently on holidays without adults, had fewer jobs during secondary school, were less frequently going out to a bar/disco during secondary school, and were older when falling in love for the first time. After secondary school, patients with IBD were more often unemployed.Conclusions:Negative consequences in terms of psychosocial development are prevalent in adolescents with IBD. Physicians should be attentive to these consequences and provide additional support if necessary. During transition to adult clinic, these topics are of major importance and should be an integral component of the comprehensive care of chronically ill adolescents and young adults.
The Value of Crime Scene and Site Visitation by Forensic Psychologists and Psychiatrists
Authors: Mohandie Kris , Meloy J. Reid 
Published: March 2013

AbstractSite visits and crime scene visitation by forensic psychologists and psychiatrists may enhance the accuracy and credibility of their forensic work in criminal, civil, and other important contexts. This ethically sound technique of after‐the‐fact data collection and verification offers numerous potential benefits to the forensic mental health professional: clarifying the subject's actions, assessing the reliability of witness reports, identifying contextual determinants of behavior, and more fully illuminating subject motivation and decision‐making. Limitations and suggested guidelines for conducting site visits are offered. Guidelines include preplanning, arranging for an informed guide to accompany and narrate the visit, and conducting the site visit prior to forensic examinations.
Identification of echinoderms (Echinodermata) from an anchialine cave in Cozumel Island, Mexico, using DNA barcodes
Authors: Bribiesca‐Contreras Guadalupe , Solís‐Marín Francisco A. , Laguarda‐Figueras Alfredo , Zaldívar‐Riverón Alejandro 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe echinoderm species richness of the Aerolito de Paraiso anchialine cave, on Cozumel Island, in the Mexican Caribbean, is assessed on the basis of morphological and DNA barcoding data. We included specimens from this cave system and from different open sea areas, and employed two different approaches for species delineation based on DNA barcoding data: a 2% cox1 divergence and the general mixed Yule‐coalescent (GMYC) approaches. We subsequently compared the results derived from these approaches with our morphospecies discrimination. A total of 188 cox1 sequences belonging to specimens of four echinoderm classes were examined. The 2% cox1 divergence and GMYC approaches recovered 78 and 70 putative species, respectively, 24 and 22 of which corresponded to specimens from the anchialine system. Of 26 echinoderm species identified in the cave system, seven appear to be endemic to it. Among these are Copidaster carvenicola Solís‐Marín & Laguarda‐Figueras, 2010, two morphologically distinctive, undescribed species belonging to Asterinides and Ophionereis and four probably cryptic undescribed species originally assigned to Amphipholis squamata (Delle Chiaje, 1839), Astropecten duplicatus Gray, 1840, Copidaster lymani (AH Clark, 1948) and Ophiothrix angulata (Say, 1825). Further research and protection of this particularly fragile ecosystem becomes urgent because construction of tourism developments is planned nearby.
The Impact of Adolescent Binge Drinking and Sustained Abstinence on Affective State
Authors: Bekman Nicole M. , Winward Jennifer L. , Lau Lily L. , Wagner Chase C. , Brown Sandra A. 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundWhile it is clear that affect is negatively impacted by heavy drinking in adulthood and that it improves with abstinence, little is known about effects of heavy drinking on mood during adolescence.MethodsThis study examined negative mood states among 2 groups of 16‐ to 18‐year‐old high school students; youth with a history of recent heavy episodic drinking (HED; n = 39) and comparison youth with limited lifetime drinking experience (CON; n = 26). Affect was assessed at 3 time points during a 4‐ to 6‐week period of monitored abstinence using the Hamilton Rating Scales for Anxiety and Depression; self‐reports were obtained with the state portion of the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory, and experience sampling of current affect was assessed via daily text messages sent at randomly determined times in the morning, afternoon, and evening.ResultsYouth with a recent history of HED reported more negative affect compared with nondrinking youth during early stages of abstinence (days since last HED at assessment 1: M = 6.46; SD = 5.06); however, differences in affect were not observed after 4 to 6 weeks of abstinence. Sex differences were evident, with HED girls reporting greater depression and anxiety than HED male peers. Although not significant, response patterns indicated that boys may experience faster resolution of negative emotional states than girls with sustained abstinence.ConclusionsFindings suggest that high‐dose drinking is associated with elevated negative affect for adolescents and that negative mood states may take longer to resolve for girls than for boys following heavy drinking episodes. Future research clarifying naturally occurring changes in affective response during early and sustained abstinence is necessary for improving programs designed to promote adolescent decision‐making and to reduce risk for relapse.
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate and Brain‐Derived Neurotrophic Factor Decreased Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Developing Hypothalamic Neuronal Cells: Role of Microglia
Authors: Boyadjieva Nadka I. , Sarkar Dipak K. 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundWe have previously shown that ethanol (EtOH) increases cellular apoptosis to developing neurons via the effects on oxidative stress of neurons directly and via increasing production of microglia‐derived factors. To study further the mechanism ofEtOHaction on neuronal apoptosis, we determined the effects of 2 well‐knownPKAactivators, dibutyryl cAMP(dbcAMP) and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), onEtOH‐activated oxidative stress and apoptotic processes in the hypothalamic neurons in the presence and absence of microglial cells' influence.MethodsIn enriched neuronal cells from fetal rat hypothalami treated withEtOHor with conditioned medium fromEtOH‐treated microglia, we measured cellular apoptosis by the free nucleosome assay and the levels of cAMP,BDNF,O2−, reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitrite, glutathione (GSH), and catalase following treatment withEtOHorEtOH‐treated microglial culture conditioned medium. Additionally, we tested the effectiveness of dbcAMPandBDNFin preventingEtOHorEtOH‐treated microglial conditioned medium on cellular apoptosis and oxidative stress in enriched hypothalamic neuronal cell in primary cultures.ResultsNeuronal cell cultures following treatment withEtOHorEtOH‐activated microglial conditioned medium showed decreased production levels of cAMPandBDNF. EtOH also increased apoptotic death as well as oxidative status, as demonstrated by higher cellular levels of oxidants but lower levels of antioxidants, in neuronal cells. These effects ofEtOHon oxidative stress and cell death were enhanced by the presence of microglia. Treatment withBDNFor dbcAMPdecreasedEtOHorEtOH‐activated microglial conditioned medium‐induced changes in the levels of intracellular free radicals,ROSandO2−, nitrite,GSH, and catalase.ConclusionsThese data support the possibility thatEtOHby acting directly and via increasing the production of microglial‐derived factors reduces cellular levels ofcAMPandBDNFto increase cellular oxidative status and apoptosis in hypothalamic neuronal cells in primary cultures.
Intraperitoneal Injection of Ethanol Results in Drastic Changes in Bone Metabolism Not Observed when Ethanol Is Administered by Oral Gavage
Authors: Iwaniec Urszula T. , Turner Russell T. 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundChronic alcohol abuse is associated with increased risk of osteoporosis while light‐to‐moderate alcohol intake correlates with reduced osteoporosis risk. Addition of alcohol to a liquid diet is often used to model chronic alcohol abuse. Methods to model intermittent drinking (including binge drinking and light‐to‐moderate consumption) include (i) intragastric administration of alcohol by oral gavage or (ii) intraperitoneal (ip) administration of alcohol by injection. However, it is unclear whether the latter 2 methods produce comparable results. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the skeletal response to alcohol delivered daily by oral gavage or ip injection.MethodsEthanol (EtOH) or vehicle was administered to 4‐month‐old female Sprague–Dawley rats once daily at 1.2 g/kg body weight for 7 days. Following necropsy, bone formation and bone architecture were evaluated in tibial diaphysis (cortical bone) and proximal tibial metaphysis (cancellous bone) by histomorphometry. mRNA was measured for bone matrix proteins in distal femur metaphysis.ResultsAdministration of alcohol by gavage had no significant effect on body weight gain or bone measurements. In contrast, administration of the same dose of alcohol by ip injection resulted in reduced body weight, total suppression of periosteal bone formation in tibial diaphysis, decreased cancellous bone formation in proximal tibial metaphysis, and decreased mRNA levels for bone matrix proteins in distal femur.ConclusionsOur findings raise concerns regarding the use of ip injection of EtOH in rodents as a method for modeling the skeletal effects of intermittent exposure to alcohol in humans. This concern is based on a failure of the ip route to replicate the oral route of alcohol administration.
Circadian Clock Period Inversely Correlates with Illness Severity in Cells from Patients with Alcohol Use Disorders
Authors: McCarthy Michael J. , Fernandes Malcolm , Kranzler Henry R. , Covault Jonathan M. , Welsh David K. 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundClinical and genetic studies suggest circadian clock genes may contribute to biological mechanisms underlying alcohol use disorders (AUD). In particular, the Per2 gene regulates alcohol consumption in mutant animals, and in humans with AUD, the 10870 variant in PER2 has been associated with alcohol consumption. However, with respect to function, the molecular clock remains largely uncharacterized in AUD patients.MethodsIn skin fibroblast cultures from well‐characterized human AUD patients (n = 19) and controls (n = 13), we used a bioluminescent reporter gene (Per2::luc) to measure circadian rhythms in gene expression at high sampling density for 5 days. Cells were genotyped for the PER2 10870 variant. The rhythm parameters period and amplitude were then analyzed using a case–control design and by genetic and clinical characteristics of the AUD subjects.ResultsThere were no differences between AUD cases and controls in rhythm parameters. However, period was inversely correlated with illness severity (defined as the number of alcohol dependence criteria met). The PER2 variant 10870 was not associated with differences in rhythm parameters.ConclusionsOur data suggest that differences in the cellular circadian clock are not pronounced in fibroblasts from AUD cases and controls. However, we found evidence that the circadian clock may be associated with an altered trajectory of AUD, possibly related to illness severity. Future work will be required to determine the mechanistic basis of this association.
Training health workers for magnesium sulfate use reduces case fatality from eclampsia: results from a multicenter trial
Authors: Okonofua Friday E. , Ogu Rosemary N. , Fabamwo Adetokunbo O. , Ujah Innocent O. , Chama Calvin M. , Archibong Eric I. , Onah Hyacinth E. , Galadanci Hadiza S. , Akuse James T. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness of an intervention aimed at improving the case management of eclampsia.DesignA multi‐center intervention study.SettingSix teaching hospitals in Nigeria.SampleClinical records of cases of eclampsia treated before and 1 year after the intervention.MethodsDoctors and midwives in selected hospitals were re‐trained to manage eclampsia using magnesium sulfate according to the Pritchard protocol.Main outcome measuresEclampsia case fatality rates, maternal and perinatal mortality rates before and after the intervention.ResultsA total of 219 cases of eclampsia were managed over a 12‐month period. There were seven maternal deaths. The post intervention case fatality rate of 3.2% was significantly less than the pre‐intervention rate of 15.1% (p < 0.001). The overall maternal and perinatal mortality ratios and rates respectively in the hospitals declined from 1199.2 to 954 per 100 000 deliveries and 141.5 to 129.8 per 1000 births, respectively (p > 0.05).ConclusionAn intervention to build the capacity of care‐providers to use an evidence‐based protocol for the treatment of eclampsia in Nigeria was successful in reducing associated case fatality rate. The increased and widespread use of such an intervention in maternity units might contribute to the reduction of maternal mortality in low‐income countries.
Network meta-analysis of the outcome ‘participant complete clearance’ in nonimmunosuppressed participants of eight interventions for actinic keratosis: a follow-up on a Cochrane review
Authors: Gupta A.K. , Paquet M. 
Published: March 2013

Summary
The conclusions of pairwise meta-analyses of interventions for actinic keratosis (AK) are limited due to the lack of direct comparison between some interventions. Consequently, we performed a network meta-analysis for eight treatments [5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA)-photodynamic therapy (PDT), cryotherapy, diclofenac 3% in 2·5% hyaluronic acid (DCF/HA), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 0·5% or 5·0%, imiquimod (IMI) 5%, ingenol mebutate (IMB) 0·015–0·05%, methyl aminolaevulinate (MAL)-PDT and placebo/vehicle (including placebo-PDT)] to determine their relative efficacies. As part of a prior Cochrane systematic review, different databases and grey literature were searched for randomized controlled trials up to April 2012. The inclusion criteria were parallel-group studies with nonimmunosuppressed participants: (i) reporting ‘participant complete clearance’ and (ii) comparing at least two of the interventions. Thirty-two publications met the criteria and they included the following number of individual or pooled studies (n) and total number of participants (N) for the different interventions: 5-FU 0·5% (n =4, N =169), 5-FU 5·0% (n =2, N =44), ALA-PDT (n =6, N =739), cryotherapy (n =2, N =174), DCF/HA (n =5, N =299), IMI (n =14, N =1411), IMB (n =3, N =560), MAL-PDT (n =7, N =557) and placebo (n =32, N =2520). Network analyses using a random-effects Bayesian model were carried out with the software ADDIS v1.16.1. The interventions were ranked as follows based on calculated probabilities and odd ratios: 5-FU &gt; ALA-PDT ≈ IMI ≈ IMB ≈ MAL-PDT &gt; cryotherapy &gt; DCF/HA &gt; placebo. This efficacy ranking was obtained based on the current available data on ‘participant complete clearance’ from randomized controlled trials and the analysis model used. However, several other factors should also be considered when prescribing a treatment for AK.
Concern for Others in the First Year of Life: Theory, Evidence, and Avenues for Research
Authors: Davidov Maayan , Zahn‐Waxler Carolyn , Roth‐Hanania Ronit , Knafo Ariel 
Published: March 2013

AbstractConcern for others has been thought to emerge in the 2nd year of life (Hoffman, , , ). Three related ideas underlying this view assume that younger infants cannot distinguish between self and other, cannot experience concern for others, and show self‐distress because they misinterpret others' distress as their own. In this article, we review evidence contradicting these assumptions and propose an alternative view of early empathy development. Specifically, we argue that empathic concern does not depend on self‐reflective abilities and exists during the 1st year of life, manifesting young infants' fundamental social nature. We also touch on avenues for research.
Insulin‐like growth factor‐1 predicts cognitive functions at 2‐year follow‐up in early, drug‐naïve Parkinson's disease
Authors: Pellecchia M. T. , Santangelo G. , Picillo M. , Pivonello R. , Longo K. , Pivonello C. , Vitale C. , Amboni M. , De Rosa A. , Moccia M. , Erro R. , De Michele G. , Santoro L. , Colao A. , Barone P. 
Published: March 2013

Background and purposeCognitive impairment is common in Parkinson's disease (PD), even in the early stages. We aimed to assess the relationship between insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) and cognitive functions in early, drug‐naïve patients with PD.MethodsSerum IGF‐1 was measured in 65 early, drug‐naïve patients with PD that underwent a complete neuropsychological battery at baseline and after 2 years. Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationships between neuropsychological scores and IGF‐1. Repeated‐measures anova was applied to assess changes in neuropsychological variables over time.ResultsAt baseline, IGF‐1 levels were related to phonological fluency. At follow‐up, IGF‐1 levels were associated with the Rey auditory verbal learning test (RAVLT) – immediate and delayed recall, Frontal Assessment Battery, verbal span and Benton judgement of the line orientation test. Patients with low IGF‐1 levels at baseline showed a significantly faster decline of performances than patients with high IGF‐1 levels on immediate and delayed recall of the RAVLT and interference task of the Stroop test.ConclusionsLow serum IGF‐1 levels are related to poor performance on executive tasks in early, drug‐naïve patients with PD, and may predict poor performance on attention/executive and verbal memory tasks after a 2‐year follow‐up.
Effects of celecoxib on hematoma and edema volumes in primary intracerebral hemorrhage: a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lee S.‐H. , Park H.‐K. , Ryu W.‐S. , Lee J.‐S. , Bae H.‐J. , Han M.‐K. , Lee Y.‐S. , Kwon H.‐M. , Kim C. K. , Park E.‐S. , Chung J.‐W. , Jung K.‐H. , Roh J.‐K. 
Published: March 2013

Background and purposeWe investigated the effect of celecoxib, a selective inhibitor of cyclo‐oxygenase 2, in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).MethodsWe conducted a multicenter, randomized, controlled, and open with blinded end‐point trial of 44 Korean patients 18 years or older with ICH within 24 h of onset. The intervention group (n = 20) received celecoxib (400 mg twice a day) for 14 days. The control group (n = 24) received the standard medical treatment for ICH. The primary end‐point was the number of patients with a change in the volume of perihematomal edema (PHE) from the 1st to the 7th ± 1 day (cut‐off value, 20%).ResultsThe time from onset to computed tomography scan slightly differed between groups (177 ± 160 min for control vs. 297 ± 305 min for the celecoxib group; P = 0.10). In the primary end‐point analysis using cut‐off values, there was a significant shift to reduced expansion of PHE in the celecoxib group (P = 0.005). With respect to the secondary end‐points, there was also a significant shift to reduced expansion of ICH in the celecoxib group (P = 0.046). In addition, the expansion rate of PHE at follow‐up tended to be higher in the control group than in the celecoxib group (90.6 ± 91.7% vs. 44.4 ± 64.9%; P = 0.058).ConclusionsIn our small, pilot trial, administration of celecoxib in the acute stage of ICH was associated with a smaller expansion of PHE than that observed in controls.
Therapeutic brain hypothermia, its mechanisms of action, and its prospects as a treatment for epilepsy
Authors: Motamedi Gholam K. , Lesser Ronald P. , Vicini Stefano 
Published: March 2013

SummaryCooling the core body temperature to 32–35°C, is almost standard practice for conditions such as cardiac arrest in adults, and perinatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in neonates. Limited clinical data, and more extensive animal experiments, indicate that hypothermia could help control seizures, and could be applied directly to the brain using implantable devices. These data have fostered further research to evaluate whether cooling would be a viable means to treat refractory epilepsy. Although the effect of temperature on cellular physiology has long been recognized, with possibly dual effects on pyramidal cells and interneurons, the exact mechanisms underlying its beneficial effects, in particular in epilepsy, are yet to be discovered. This article reviews currently available clinical and laboratory data with a focus on cellular mechanisms of action and prospects of hypothermia as a treatment for intractable seizures.