bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial and Antimalarial Activity of Novel Synthetic Mononuclear Ruthenium(II) Compounds
Authors: Anchuri Shyam Sunder , Thota Sreekanth , Bongoni Raja Narender , Yerra Rajeshwar , Reddy Rama Narsimha , Dhulipala Satyavati 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe present work was aimed that the two Ruthenium compounds namely, [Ru(A)2(B)]Cl2, where A = 1,10‐phenanthroline; B = 2‐NO2‐phenyl thiosemicarbazone (Compound R1)/2‐OH‐phenyl thiosemicarbazone (Compound R2) have been tested for antibacterial activity at the concentrations of 1 mg/mL against various Gram‐Positive organisms (Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus pyrogenes, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus & Bacillus megatarium) and Gram‐Negative organisms (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella paratyphi, Klebsiella pneumonia & Proteus mirabilis). The compounds were also tested for antifungal activity against Aspergillus clavatus, Aspergillus niger, Colletotrichum & Penicillium notatum by using agar diffusion assay and antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum (Strain 3D7) using MTT assay. The results concluded that the compound R1 exhibited significant antibacterial activity than R2 against Gram‐Negative bacteria with zones of inhibition ranging from 15‐20 mm. and mild antibacterial activity against Gram‐Positive bacteria in comparison to tetracycline, streptomycin and rifampicin. These complexes were found to have moderate antifungal activity with no activity was however observed against Aspergillus niger. The compound, R1 exhibited antimalarial activity at 10 μg/mL, whereas R2 did not show antimalarial activity upto 50 μg/mL. Sensitivity to the compounds was greatest in the gram‐negative bacteria, followed by the gram‐positive bacteria and fungi.
The Influence of Family Stability on Self‐Control and Adjustment
Authors: Malatras Jennifer Weil , Israel Allen C. 
Published: November 2012

ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to replicate previous evidence for a model in which self‐control mediates the relationship between family stability and internalizing symptoms, and to evaluate a similar model with regard to externalizing problems.MethodParticipants were 155 female and 134 male undergraduates—mean age of 19.03 years. Participants completed measures of stability in the family of origin (Stability of Activities in the Family Environment), self‐control (Self‐Control scale), current externalizing (Adult Self‐Report), and internalizing problems (Beck Depression Inventory II and Beck Anxiety Inventory).ResultsMultiple regression analyses largely support the proposed model for both the externalizing and internalizing domains.ConclusionsFamily stability may foster the development of self‐control and, in turn, lead to positive adjustment.
Value of pelvic sonography in the diagnosis of various forms of precocious puberty in girls
Authors: Eksioglu Ayse Secil , Yilmaz Sebahat , Cetinkaya Semra , Cinar Gokce , Yildiz Yasemin Tasci , Aycan Zehra 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPurpose.To evaluate the role of pelvic sonography (US) in the diagnosis and differentiation of various forms of precocious puberty in girls, and to explore reliable cutoff points of pelvic US measurements for differentiating between these conditions.Methods.Uterine length, uterine cross‐sectional area, uterine volume, fundocervical ratio, and ovarian volumes of 143 healthy girls were compared with those of 125 girls with different forms of sexual precocity. Ovaries were morphologically classified as homogenous, paucicystic, multicystic, macrocystic, and isolated cystic.Results.Almost all US measurements of girls with central precocious puberty in the 0‐ to 8‐year age group were significantly increased compared with controls and girls with premature thelarche and adrenarche (p < 0.05, except for ovarian volumes in premature thelarche group), whereas no statistically significant difference was found in the 8‐ to 10‐year group (p > 0.05). Ovarian morphology distributions did not differ significantly between patient subgroups, but all had more mature forms compared with controls. Due to the wide overlap between the measurements, no reliable cutoff points could be determined by charting receiver operating characteristics curves.Conclusions.Pelvic US can improve the diagnosis of central precocious puberty in girls of 0–8 years of age but provides no reliable type differentiation alone. It provides no valuable information for this diagnosis in girls of 8–10 years of age. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2013.
Quantitative determination of magnetic force on a coronary stent in MRI
Authors: Lopič Nina , Jelen Andreja , Vrtnik Stanislav , Jagličić Zvonko , Wencka Magdalena , Starc Radovan , Blinc Aleš , Dolinšek Janez 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPurpose:To introduce an analytical method for a quantitative determination of magnetic force on a coronary stent in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) magnet that is generally applicable to metallic implants. Magnetic forces on metallic implants in the MRI magnets are traditionally determined empirically by measuring deflection from the vertical plane at the central axis of the magnet and at the point of the largest force along the longitudinal axis of the magnet.Materials and Methods:Magnetic and chemical characterization of the stents was performed by a commercial magnetometer and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. Magnetic force on the stents fabricated of paramagnetic alloys (surgical stainless steel and cobalt–chromium) was determined by measuring the stent's magnetic dipole moment and employing the on‐axis magnetic field profile of an MRI magnet.Results:The maximum force on the stainless steel stent was found to be FS,max = 0.18 mN, whereas on the cobalt–chromium stent it was FC,max = 0.06 mN.Conclusion:The magnetic force on the investigated paramagnetic stents is even smaller than the gravitational force acting on the stents in the Earth's gravity field, so that it has no physiological impact on the stented vessels. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;37:391–397. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Blood oxygen level‐dependent liver MRI: Can It predict microvascular invasion in HCC?
Authors: Jhaveri Kartik S. , Cleary Sean P. , Fischer Sandra , Haider Masoom A. , Pargoankar Vivek , Khalidi Karim , Moshonov Hadas , Gallinger Steven 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPurpose:To assess Blood Oxygen Level‐Dependent (BOLD) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for noninvasive preoperative prediction of Microvascular Invasion (MVI) in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC).Materials and Methods:In this prospective, institutional review board approved study, 26 patients (21 men and 5 women age range, 34–77 years with mean age of 61 years) with HCC were evaluated preoperatively with liver MRI including baseline and post oxygen (O2) breathing BOLD MRI. Post processing of MRI data was performed to obtain R2* values (1/s) and correlated with histopathological assessment of MVI. Statistical analysis was performed to assess correlation of baseline R2*, post O2 R2* and R2* ratios to presence of MVI in HCC by binary logistic regression analysis.Results:MVI was present in 15/26 (58%) of HCC on histopathology. The mean R2* values ± SD at baseline and post O2 with and without MVI were 35 ± 12, 36 ± 12, 38 ± 10, 42 ± 17. The R2* values between the groups with and without MVI were not significantly different statistically.Conclusion:BOLD MRI is unable to accurately predict MVI in HCC. The noninvasive preoperative MRI detection of MVI in HCC remains elusive. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;37:692—699. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
BOLD Signal in memory paradigms in hippocampal region depends on echo time
Authors: Milian Monika , Zeltner Lena , Klamer Silke , Klose Uwe , Rona Sabine , Erb Michael 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPurpose:To evaluate the hypothesis that the entire hippocampus might be affected by susceptibility artifacts. Previous studies described susceptibility artifacts in the amygdala and the anterior hippocampus.Materials and Methods:We investigated 20 subjects with a verbal memory paradigm aiming at testing two different TEs (45 vs. 64 msec) at 1.5 T for hippocampal blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD) activity. T2* maps were calculated from the normalized mean echo‐planar imaging (EPI) of the two echo times (TEs).Results:Within the hippocampal region of interest (ROI), the amount of suprathreshold voxels was significantly higher at TE = 64 msec compared to TE = 45 msec. When corrected for multiple comparisons (family‐wise error [FWE] in a small volume of interest, P < 0.05) we no longer found significant activations at TE = 45 msec, while a significant number of voxels remained after the small volume correction (P < 0.05, FWE) within the ROI at TE = 64 msec.Conclusion:Although a shorter TE demonstrates advantages, a TE of 45 msec leads to a significant loss of BOLD signal detection in memory functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies when compared to 64 msec. We assume that the hippocampal region, even the anterior part, is not strongly affected by susceptibility gradients. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;37:1064–1071. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Propagation of CR extendibility at the vertex of a complex sector
Authors: Baracco Luca , Pinton Stefano 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe study propagation of CR extendibility at the vertex p of an analytic sector A contained in a CR manifold M. Let k be the weighted vanishing order of M and α the complex angle of A at p. Propagation takes place if and only if \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\alpha >\frac{1}{k}$\end{document}.
A case of α‐synuclein gene duplication presenting with head‐shaking movements
Authors: Itokawa Kaori , Sekine Takeshi , Funayama Manabu , Tomiyama Hiroyuki , Fukui Miki , Yamamoto Toshimasa , Tamura Naotoshi , Matsuda Hiroshi , Hattori Nobutaka , Araki Nobuo 
Published: November 2012

BackgroundPARK4 is a candidate locus for familial Parkinson's disease (PD), combined with multiplication of the α‐synuclein gene (SNCA). The eventual phenotype is dependent on the copy number of SNCA. Mutations in leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are also causative of parkinsonism. This report describes a man who presented at our hospital complaining of a stagger after running and difficulty in handling the mouse of a personal computer, having suffered tremors since his twenties. Nine months after treatment and discharge, he developed titubation and began to drag his right foot.MethodsWe examined the patient's family pedigree for SNCA dosage, using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We also screened this pedigree for mutations in parkin and LRRK2, using gene‐sequencing techniques.ResultsWe identified the proband, his sister, and his paternal uncle as carrying a duplication of SNCA. In addition, we found that the proband and his mother carried the G2385R variant of the LRRK2, a strong risk factor for PD in Asians and the rare V1450I variant, although only the proband showed symptoms of parkinsonism. No mutations were found in parkin.ConclusionsThe combination of SNCA gene duplication and LRRK2 G2385R variant may explain the early onset of disease in this patient. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
Predicted stabilities of endohedral metallo‐fullerenes La@C76
Authors: Uhlík Filip , Slanina Zdeněk , Akasaka Takeshi , Nagase Shigeru 
Published: November 2012

AbstractElectronic and molecular structure calculations of 29 selected La@C76 isomers are presented. The obtained energies and structural parameters are used for prediction of the temperature dependence of their equilibrium molar fractions. The Gibbs energies are used for the evaluation. The results can be applied to the conventional electric‐arc preparation technique. At experimentally relevant temperatures 1500–2000 K not only the prevailing isolated‐pentagon‐rule (IPR) satisfying isomer, but also a non‐IPR one could be accessible to isolation.
Effect of chemical treatment on the thermoelectric properties of single walled carbon nanotube networks
Authors: Piao Mingxing , Alam Mina Rastegar , Kim Gyutae , Dettlaff‐Weglikowska Urszula , Roth Siegmar 
Published: November 2012

AbstractCarbon nanotube networks showing superior electric properties, high chemical stability, strong mechanical properties, and flexibility are also known to exhibit thermoelectric effects. However, the experimental thermoelectric figure of merit, ZT, of pristine carbon nanotubes is typically in the range of 10−3–10−2, which is still not attractive for thermal energy conversion applications. In this work, we show possible ways to improve the thermoelectric properties of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) by means of chemical treatments. In this study, we primarily investigated the effect of chemical treatment on the electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power (TEP) of the entangled network of nanotubes, also, known as “buckypaper”. This chemical treatment increased the electrical conductivity due to p‐type doping, thereby, showing a decrease in the TEP given by the Seebeck coefficient, whereas the n‐type dopants changed the sign and value of the TEP from about 40 to −40 µV K−1. Neutral polymers, in terms of doping, such as PVDF, PMMA, PVA, PS, and PC, were expected to hinder phonon transport through the nanotube network, increasing the Seebeck coefficient up to ca. 50 µV K−1. Our results reveal the importance of chemical doping determining the sign and the magnitude of the TEP, and role of the polymer matrix in the development of more effective thermoelectric composites based on carbon nanotubes.
In situ and ex situ time resolved study of multi‐component FeCo oxide catalyst activation during MWNT synthesis
Authors: Kuznetsov Vladimir L. , Krasnikov Dmitry V. , Schmakov Alexander N. , Elumeeva Karina V. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractComparative in situ X‐ray diffraction (XRD) study of activation Fe, Co, and FeCo catalysts on different supports (Al2O3 and CaCO3) for multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) growth combined with ex situ high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) characterization has been performed. The catalyst contained Fe as an active component (mono‐component Fe catalyst) demonstrates the simultaneous formation of FeC alloys (austenite and tetragonal ferrite like structure) with their subsequent transformation into stable iron carbide Fe3C (cohenite). The active component of bimetal FeCo catalysts (Fe:Co = 2:1) is FeCo alloyed nanoparticles, which does not demonstrate carbide formation. The absence of carbides promotes carbon diffusion through metal particle providing much higher activity of bimetal FeCo catalyst in comparison with the mono‐component Fe and Co catalysts. Tubes produced using the bimetal catalysts have a high degree of structural perfection and narrow diameter distribution. The most active metal catalyst particles formed under reaction conditions are solid or at least have crystalline core. Pechini‐type method used for FeCo catalyst production provides much higher MWNT yields than it was described elsewhere. magnified imageStructure of active metal particles was proposed according to XRD data during MWNT growth on different type of catalysts with mono‐ and bimetal active component.
Linear antenna microwave plasma CVD diamond deposition at the edge of no‐growth region of CHO ternary diagram
Authors: Potocký Štěpán , Babchenko Oleg , Hruška Karel , Kromka Alexander 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe process parametric window for diamond deposition using the chemical vapor deposition at low pressures is quite limited where addition of oxygen in the gas phase broadens this window. The lower boundary of the lens‐shaped domain in CHO ternary diagram concurs with the H2CO tie‐line (C/(C + O) = 0.5). In this work, we present the set of experiments where the ratio of C/(C + O) was kept at a constant value 0.385. The effect of hydrogen concentration (ratio O/(O + H) varied from 0.047 to 0.364) on plasma characteristics and deposited NCD films were investigated. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the diamond character of all deposited coatings while scanning electron microscopy showed transformation from not closed to continuous film and further decrease of grain size and finally growth of diamond nanowires while decreasing hydrogen concentration in a gas mixture.
Tensilely Strained Germanium Nanomembranes as Infrared Optical Gain Media
Authors: Boztug C. , Sánchez‐Pérez J. R. , Sudradjat F. F. , Jacobson RB , Paskiewicz D. M. , Lagally M. G. , Paiella R. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe use of tensilely strained Ge nanomembranes as mid‐infrared optical gain media is investigated. Biaxial tensile strain in Ge has the effect of lowering the direct energy bandgap relative to the fundamental indirect one, thereby increasing the internal quantum efficiency for light emission and allowing for the formation of population inversion, until at a strain of about 1.9% Ge is even converted into a direct‐bandgap material. Gain calculations are presented showing that, already at strain levels of about 1.4% and above, Ge films can provide optical gain in the technologically important 2.1–2.5 μm spectral region, with transparency carrier densities that can be readily achieved under realistic pumping conditions. Mechanically stressed Ge nanomembranes capable of accommodating the required strain levels are developed and used to demonstrate strong strain‐enhanced photoluminescence. A detailed analysis of the high‐strain emission spectra also demonstrates that the nanomembranes can be pumped above transparency, and confirms the prediction that biaxial‐strain levels in excess of only 1.4% are required to obtain significant population inversion.
Protocol for Studying Aqueous Foams Stabilized by Surfactant Mixtures
Authors: Boos Julia , Drenckhan Wiebke , Stubenrauch Cosima 
Published: November 2012

AbstractEven though foams have been the subject of intensive investigations over the last decades, many important questions related to their properties remain open. This concerns in particular foams which are stabilized by mixtures of surfactants. The present study deals with the fundamental question: which are the important parameters one needs to consider if one wants to characterize foams properly? We give an answer to this question by providing a measuring protocol which we apply to well‐known surfactant systems. The surfactants of choice are the two non‐ionic surfactantsn‐dodecyl‐β‐d‐maltoside (β‐C12G2) and hexaethyleneglycol monododecyl ether (C12E6) as well as their 1:1 mixture. Following the suggested protocol, we generated data which allow discussion of the influence of the surfactant structure and of the composition on the time evolution of the foam volume, the liquid fraction, the bubble size and the bubble size distribution. This paper shows that different foam properties can be assigned to different surfactant structures, which is the crucial point if one wants to tailor‐make surfactants for specific applications.
Use of Glycerol Carbonate in an Efficient, One‐Pot and Solvent Free Synthesis of 1,3‐sn‐Diglycerides
Authors: Kargar Mojgan , Hekmatshoar Rahim , Ghandi Mehdi , Mostashari AbdolJalil 
Published: November 2012

AbstractAn efficient solvent‐free synthesis of a variety of highly pure 1,3‐sn‐diglycerides (1,3‐sn‐diacylglycerols) in a two‐step one pot process is described. Heating glycerol carbonate (4‐hydroxymethyl‐1,3‐dioxolan‐2‐one) with fatty acid anhydrides 2a–d affords 1:1 mixtures of glycerol carbonate fatty esters 3a–3d and the corresponding fatty acids. Further heating the reaction mixtures in the presence of catalytic amounts of 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) at 195–200 °C yields highly pure 1,3‐sn‐diglycerides 4a–4d.
Comparison of Fatty Acid, Sterol, and Tocol Compositions in Skin and Kernel of Turpentine (Pistacia terebinthus L.) Fruits
Authors: Ertas Erdal , Bekiroglu Somer , Ozdemir Ibrahim , Demirtas Ilknur 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPistacia terebinthus L. is an indigenous plant growing wild in the southern regions of Turkey. Its fruits are used in foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics due to its high oil content (ca. 45 g/100 g). In the present study, it was found out that the kernel and the skin parts of the fruit differ significantly (p < 0.05) both in terms of oil content and composition. Regardless of the geographical origin, the most abundant fatty acid was found to be monounsaturated oleic acid, 18:1n‐9 whose content was in the range of 51.2–67.5 g/100 g. β‐sitosterol is the predominant sterol in kernel and skin of the terebinthus fruits whose content was varying between 97.4 and 219.8 mg/100 g. Concerning different tocols (tocopherols and tocotrienols) detected in the kernel and skin, γ‐T was the one with highest concentration (437.2 mg/kg) in kernels, while the most abundant one in skin parts was found to be α‐T (348.7 mg/kg). In general the kernel of terebinthus fruits was more concentrated in PUFA, total sterol and tocopherols than skin, however, total tocotrienol content was higher in skin than kernel. On the basis of these findings it can be concluded that both kernel and skin are highly valuable in terms of bioactive compounds, whereas skin with a high amount saturated fatty acids is more suited to applications in cosmetic industry.
Apolipoprotein E genotype, dementia, and mortality in the oldest old: The 90+ Study
Authors: Corrada María M. , Paganini‐Hill Annlia , Berlau Daniel J. , Kawas Claudia H. 
Published: November 2012

BackgroundAlthough the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is a major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), it is not clear whether this relationship persists among the oldest old. Several European studies suggest that the effect of the APOE ε4 allele on dementia and mortality disappears in very old age. We describe the APOE allele and genotype frequencies and examine whether the presence of the APOE ε4 or APOE ε2 alleles is related to prevalent dementia, incident dementia, and mortality in a population‐based cohort of oldest‐old participants in the United States.MethodsWe studied 904 participants aged 90 years and older from The 90+ Study. Eight hundred two (89%) participants were genotyped and included in the prevalent dementia and mortality analyses. The 520 initially nondemented participants were included in the incident dementia analyses and were evaluated for dementia every 6 months.ResultsThe APOE ε4 allele was significantly associated with prevalent dementia (odds ratio = 2.06) and AD (odds ratio = 2.37) in women but not in men. The APOE ε2 allele was not related to prevalent dementia in either sex. After an average follow‐up of 2.4 years, 188 incident dementia cases were identified. Neither the APOE ε4 nor the APOE ε2 allele was related to incident dementia or AD. Five hundred ten (64%) participants died after an average follow‐up of 2.3 years, and their mortality was not related to the presence of either the APOE ε2 or APOE ε4 allele.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the associations between APOE ε4, dementia, and mortality are age dependent, and that APOE ε4 no longer plays a role in dementia and mortality at very old ages.