bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomy of a blastocyst: Cell behaviors driving cell fate choice and morphogenesis in the early mouse embryo
Authors: Schrode Nadine , Xenopoulos Panagiotis , Piliszek Anna , Frankenberg Stephen , Plusa Berenika , Hadjantonakis Anna‐Katerina 
Published: January 2013

SummaryThe preimplantation period of mouse early embryonic development is devoted to the specification of two extraembryonic tissues and their spatial segregation from the pluripotent epiblast. During this period two cell fate decisions are made while cells gradually lose their totipotency. The first fate decision involves the segregation of the extraembryonic trophectoderm (TE) lineage from the inner cell mass (ICM); the second occurs within the ICM and involves the segregation of the extraembryonic primitive endoderm (PrE) lineage from the pluripotent epiblast (EPI) lineage, which eventually gives rise to the embryo proper. Multiple determinants, such as differential cellular properties, signaling cues and the activity of transcriptional regulators, influence lineage choice in the early embryo. Here, we provide an overview of our current understanding of the mechanisms governing these cell fate decisions ensuring proper lineage allocation and segregation, while at the same time providing the embryo with an inherent flexibility to adjust when perturbed. genesis 51:219–233. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stepwise Spin Transition and Hysteresis of a Tetrameric Iron(II) Complex, fac‐[Tris(2‐methylimidazol‐4‐ylmethylidene‐n‐hexylamine)]iron(II) Chloride Hexafluorophosphate, Assembled by Imidazole···Chloride Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: Nishi Koshiro , Kondo Hiroki , Fujinami Takeshi , Matsumoto Naohide , Iijima Seiichiro , Halcrow Malcolm A. , Sunatsuki Yukinari , Kojima Masaaki 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA spin‐crossover iron(II) complex, fac‐[FeII(HLn‐Hx)3]Cl·PF6 (1), that exhibits stepwise spin transition and thermal hysteresis was synthesized by using the ligand 2‐methylimidazol‐4‐ylmethylidene‐n‐hexylamine (HLn‐Hx). Four complex cations (fac‐[FeII(HLn‐Hx)3]2+) and four Cl– anions associate through twelve imidazole···Cl– H bonds to give a tetrameric cubane‐like assembly, and one PF6– anion is encapsulated within the cavity of the cubane. Magnetic susceptibility measurements showed a three‐step spin transition, and the spin‐crossover profile became less pronounced as the sweep rate increased. At a sweep rate of 0.5 K min–1, the midpoint temperatures of the three steps are Tc(↑) = 131.2, 144.2, and 154.2 K in the heating mode and Tc(↓) = 116.8, 137.8, and 151.8 K in the cooling mode. The respective thermal hystereses were evaluated to be 14.4, 6.3, and 2.4 K wide.
High‐Power Low‐Cost Tissue‐Based Biofuel Cell
Authors: Gu Yonge , Sattayasamitsathit Sirilak , Jia Wenzhao , Kaufmann Kevin , Wang Chunming , Wang Joseph 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWe demonstrate the first example of using plant tissues for the operation of biofuel cells (BFC). A banana tissue rich with polyphenol oxidase (PPO), an enzyme able to reduce oxygen to water, was mixed with a carbon paste (banana/CP). The resulting tissue electrode was employed as the biocathode of a glucose biofuel cell based on a glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) bioanode. On the bioanode, multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are used as supports for the glucose‐dehydrogenase (GDH) biocatalyst and the Meldola’s blue (MDB) mediator, while the phenolic constituents of the banana serve as mediator for PPO. The maximum power output and open circuit voltage (OCV) of the banana‐based tissue biofuel cell were 57 µW/cm2 and 0.46 V, respectively. Control experiments using the corresponding pure enzyme tyrosinase (Tyr) for the biocathode resulted in a substantially lower power output. Cost analysis of this tissue biofuel cell system indicates dramatic improvements in terms of the power‐output/dollar compared to the common use of isolated enzymes (166 502 µW/$ vs. 17.8 µW/$, i.e., 9354 times improvement). The banana‐based biofuel cell displayed an extended lifetime of over 2 weeks with proper storage between experiments. We also demonstrate a fuel‐free full plant‐tissue based BFC concept, combining the banana biocathode with a bioanode based on germinated tomato‐seeds that contain alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), NAD+ and ethanol. Our findings indicate the potential of using plant tissues for the successful operation of efficient and cost‐effective BFC.
Microwave‐Assisted Functionalization of Phosphinic Acids: Amidations versus Esterifications
Authors: Keglevich György , Kiss Nóra Zsuzsa , Körtvélyesi Tamás 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTBoth the reaction enthalpies and enthalpies of activation obtained by high‐level quantum chemical calculations were against the direct amidation of phosphinic acids under traditional thermal conditions. However, the amidations, not expected to proceed on the basis of the endothermicity and the significantly high enthalpies of activation, did take place under microwave (MW) conditions in 30–36% conversions. As a comparison, the direct esterifications of phosphinic acids that are thermoneutral and have higher enthalpies of activation were quite efficient under MW conditions. The outcome of the MW‐assisted amidation is the balance of two effects. The local overheating effect could overcome the barrier meant by the enthalpy of activation, but the endothermicity works against this. Comparison of the results of the syntheses and the energetics calculated for the esterification and amidation of phosphinic acids enabled us to draw more general conclusions on the scope and limitation of the use of MW irradiation in organic syntheses. The traditional amidation of phosphinic acids via the phosphinic chloride intermediate gave the products in much better yields. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 24:91–99, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.21068
Enhancement of biomechanical behavior on osseointegration of implant with SLAffinity
Authors: Chu Kuo‐Tien , Cheng Han‐Yi , Pan Yung‐Ning , Chen Shyuan‐Yow , Ou Keng‐Liang 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate stresses resulting from different thicknesses of hydroxyapatite‐ and titanium dioxide (TiO2)‐treated layers at the interface between temporomandibular joint (TMJ) implants and bones using three‐dimensional finite element models. For ensuring osseointegration of implant treatment, one must examine the stresses of interface between implant and bone tissue. Treated layers on TMJ implants are a very important factor in clinical application. Several studies have investigated finite element models for TMJs, but few have examined a model for TMJ implants with treated layers. In this study, TMJ models were reconstructed using computer tomography data, and the effects of treated layer thickness on the stress field during jaw movement were investigated; this index has not yet been reported with respect to TMJ implant. The maximum stresses in the bone occurred at the position of the first screw. Data analysis indicated a greater decrease in this stress in the case of using TMJ implants with TiO2‐treated layers, and the stresses decreased with increasing layer thicknesses. Results confirmed that the treated layers improve biomechanical properties of the TMJ implants and release abnormal stress concentration in them. The results of our study offer the potential clinical benefit of inducing superior biomechanical behavior in TMJ implants. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2013.
Investigating the suspension culture on aggregation and function of mouse pancreatic β‐cells
Authors: Yang Kai‐Chiang , Wu Chang‐Chin , Yang Shu‐Hua , Chiu Chien‐Chang , Sumi Shoichiro , Lee Hsuan‐Shu 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe integrity and hierarchical structure of islet influence β‐cells physiology dramatically. A culture substrate which can maintain or improve β‐cells aggregation shall benefit cell therapy for diabetics. In this study, nontreated, type IV collagen, Lipidure, and ultralow attachment dishes were used to culture a murine β‐cell line, MIN‐6. The formation and biological performances of pseudoislets were investigated. Results showed that β‐cells formed loose and irregular aggregates on nontreated dishes. Oppositely, pseudoislets formed on other three substrates. Most pseudoislets on Lipidure and type IV collagen dishes had a diameter between 100–150 μm with high survival rate, while large pseudoislets (>250 μm) with seriously central necrosis were found on ultralow attachment dishes. Western blot analysis revealed that pseudoislets had relatively higher connexin 36 protein productions relative to single cells. The glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion test showed pseudoislets on type IV collagen have high stimulation index. Monolayers from TCPS dishes and pseudoislets from type IV collagen or Lipidure dishes were further transplanted into diabetic mice. Animals received both single cells and pseudoislets had decreasing blood glucose level and regained body weight. Histologic examination revealed that all implants successfully engrafted with positive insulin staining. Interestingly, the area under curve for the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test showed pseudoislets had superior glucose disappearance rate. This study reveals that isolated islets or insulin‐producing cells can be cultured on type IV collagen or Lipidure dishes to improve/maintain integrity prior to transplantation. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2013.
Identification of Novel Isoforms of Vitellogenin Expressed in Ascidian Eggs
Authors: Akasaka Mari , Kato Koichi H. , Kitajima Ken , Sawada Hitoshi 
Published: January 2013

AbstractVitellogenin is a precursor of yolk protein that is necessary for embryonic development. This protein is a large multi‐domain protein consisting of a signal peptide, a heavy‐chain lipovitellin, a phosvitin, a light‐chain lipovitellin, a von Willebrand factor type D domain (vWF‐D), and a C‐terminal coding region (CT), which are processed to respective domains after uptake into oocytes. It is currently believed that only lipovitellin and phosvitin domains are necessary for nutrient supply to oocytes. Thus, molecular species of vitellogenin lacking these domains are not known. Here, we show that two novel isoforms of vitellogenin, both of which possess vWF‐D and CT domains but not a lipovitellin or phosvitin domain, are expressed in the gonad of the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi. In situ hybridization revealed that mRNAs of these proteins are specifically expressed in oocytes and test cells, accessory cells in the perivitelline space of ascidian eggs. Immunohistochemistry showed that these proteins are localized around the surface of test cells in immature oocytes. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that vitellogenin associates with vesicles located beneath the vitelline coat (VC) before fertilization but that it dissociates from the VC after fertilization. These results, together with our previous results showing that vWF‐D and CT domains are capable of binding to the two sperm proteases HrProacrosin and HrSpermosin, led us to propose that novel isoforms of vitellogenin, which are expressed in oocytes and test cells and released to the perivitelline space during oocyte maturation, may participate in gamete interaction upon fertilization. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 320B:118–128, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Chemical constituents and anti‐ulcerogenic potential of the scales of Cynara scolymus (artichoke) heads
Authors: Nassar Mahmoud I , Mohamed Tahia K , Elshamy Abdelsamed I , El‐Toumy Sayed A , Lateef Azza M Abdel , Farrag Abdel‐Razik H 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDCynara scolymus L. (Asteraseae) (artichoke) is commonly eaten as a vegetable; its leaves are frequently used in folk medicine in the treatment of hepatitis, hyperlipidaemia, obesity and dyspeptic disorders. The purpose of this study is to determine the chemical composition of the volatile oil and alcoholic extract of artichoke head scales. In addition, the role of the methanol extract as an anti‐ulcer agent against ethanol‐induced gastric ulcer in rats was evaluated.RESULTSSix flavonoids and one phenolic acid were obtained from the methanol extract. Also, 37 compounds were identified in the volatile oil, the majority including mono‐ and sesquiterpenes. The artichoke extracts (200 and 400 mg kg−1) significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the ulcer index (55.33% and 72.14% inhibition). Histopathological examination of rat stomachs demonstrated that artichoke induced an increase in gastric mucus production, and a reduction of the depth and severity of mucosal lesions. Artichoke dose‐dependently reduced the elevated ethanol gastric malonylaldehyde, and reduced glutathione levels and catalase activity. These results suggest that the head scales of artichoke possess potential anti‐ulcer activity.CONCLUSIONSThe present paper describes the identification of volatile oil for the first time along with the isolation and identification of the constituents of the methanol extract. Moreover, the high anti‐ulcerogenic potential of scales of C. scolymus heads was established here for the first time. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Effective control of non‐native American mink by strategic trapping in a river catchment in mainland Britain
Authors: Reynolds Jonathan C. , Richardson Suzanne M. , Rodgers Ben J. E. , Rodgers Owain R. K. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe introduction of American mink (Neovison vison; hereafter mink) into Europe has had severe impacts on many native wildlife species, including the water vole (Arvicola amphibius) in mainland Britain. Although trapping has been widely used to attempt to control mink, managers have little direct evidence of its effect on mink density or distribution, particularly where immigration of mink from nearby areas is inevitable. Such evidence is needed to justify the use of lethal methods in conservation policy. During 2006–2010 we removed mink from the River Monnow Catchment in western Britain, using track‐recording rafts to monitor continuously for mink presence, guiding a strategic trapping effort. The area monitored and trapped was increased in stages, from a core sub‐catchment with 109 km of water‐course in 2006, to a 421‐km2 catchment with 203 km of water‐course in 2009. In each successive sub‐catchment, mink detection and capture rates declined rapidly to near‐zero levels after trapping began. Detections and captures showed seasonal peaks in every year corresponding to known dispersal periods, but also declined steadily from year to year, with increasing periods in which we did not detect mink. These results suggested that each sub‐catchment was cleared of mink within a few months, with subsequent captures attributable to immigration. On average, we detected each mink 5.1 times before capture (daily probability of detection = 0.059 per mink and raft), and trapped them 3.4 days after deploying traps in response. On average, mink entering the area were likely to have been present for less than 13 days before capture. Water voles had been extinct in the Monnow Catchment since the 1980s. During 2006–2008 (starting 6 months after mink trapping commenced), we released 700 captive‐bred water voles into the treatment area to re‐establish a wild population. Persistence of this population through the 4 years of the project was considered indicative of effective mink control. This study demonstrates that, even in a mainland context, a systematic trapping strategy can have a substantial impact on the density and distribution of a damaging species, in this case allowing the restoration of a native prey species. © 2013 The Wildlife Society
XOR/XNOR directed logic circuit based on coupled‐resonator‐induced transparency
Authors: Tian Yonghui , Zhang Lei , Xu Qianfan , Yang Lin 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe coupled‐resonator‐induced transparency (CRIT) effect in parallel‐coupled double microring resonators (MRRs) has been widely studied, and various applications based on the CRIT have been demonstrated. As an application of the CRIT, we propose and demonstrate a directed logic circuit that can implement the XOR and XNOR operations. Two electrical signals applied to the two MRRs represent the two operands of the logical operations, and the operational results are represented by the output optical signal. As a proof‐of‐concept, the thermo‐optic modulating scheme is employed with an operational speed of 10 kbps.
State of the art/science: Visual methods and information behavior research
Authors: Hartel Jenna , Lundh Anna , Sonnenwald Diane , Foster Nancy Fried 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis panel reports on methodological innovation now underway as information behavior scholars begin to experiment with visual methods. The session launches with a succinct introduction to visual methods by Jenna Hartel and then showcases three exemplar visual research designs. First, Dianne Sonnenwald presents the “information horizon interview” (1999, 2005), the singular visual method native to the information behavior community. Second, Anna Lundh (2010) describes her techniques for capturing and analyzing primary school children's information activities utilizing video recordings. Third, Nancy Fried Foster (Foster & Gibbons, 2007) reports how students, staff and faculty members produce maps, drawings, and photographs as a means of contributing their specialist knowledge to the design of library technologies and spaces at the University of Rochester. Altogether, the panel will present a collage of innovative visual research designs and engage the associated epistemological, theoretical, methodological, and empirical issues. All speakers will have 15 minutes and be timed to allow a minimum of 30 minutes for audience questions, comments, and discussion. Upon the conclusion attendees will have gained: knowledge of the state of the art/science of visual methods in information behavior research; an appreciation for the richness the approach brings to the specialty; and a platform to take new visual research designs forward.
Consumer health information searching process in real life settings
Authors: Zhang Yan 
Published: January 2013

AbstractCurrent research on consumer health information searching focuses on users' adoption of sources or their behaviors of using a specific system. Yet, few studies take a holistic perspective to examine health information searching as a process that takes place in real life settings and the cognitive activities involved. To fill this gap, we interviewed twenty‐one young consumers about their specific health information searching experiences. The results indicated that health information searching is as much social as it is private, as participants not only relied on search engines, but also consulted their close social ties and healthcare providers. When examining information from a source, participants followed a set of heuristics. When evaluating results, they initially focused on making a quick assessment of the relevance of the information, followed by an evaluation of its quality. Participants performed various cognitive activities, including building mental models, testing hypotheses, comparing and validating information, and taking mental notes, to process the information that they found. The knowledge gained from the search had an immediate impact on participants' health behaviors and health‐related decisions.
Understanding the participatory library through a grounded theory study
Authors: Nguyen Linh Cuong , Partridge Helen , Edwards Sylvia L. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractLankes and Silverstein (2006) introduced the “participatory library” and suggested that the nature and form of the library should be explored. In the last several years, some attempts have been made in order to develop contemporary library models that are often known as Library 2.0. However, little research has been based on empirical data and such models have had a strong focus on technical aspects but less focus on participation. The research presented in this paper fills this gap. A grounded theory approach was adopted for this study. Six librarians were involved in in‐depth individual interviews. As a preliminary result, five main factors of the participatory library emerged including technological, human, educational, social‐economic, and environmental. Five factors influencing the participation in libraries were also identified: finance, technology, education, awareness, and policy. The study's findings provide a fresh perspective on contemporary library and create a basis for further studies on this area.
Exploring alternative cyberbibliometrics for evaluation of scholarly performance in the social sciences and humanities in Taiwan
Authors: Tang Muh‐chyun , Wang Chun‐mei , Chen Kuang‐hua , Hsiang Jieh 
Published: January 2013

AbstractResearch output and impact metrics derived from commercial citation databases such as Web of Science and Scopus have become commonly used indicators of predominantly English language scholarly performance. Yet it has been pointed out that existing metrics are largely inadequate to reflect scholars' overall peer‐mediated performance, especially in the social sciences and humanities (SSH) where publication forms are more diverse. In this paper alternative metrics exploring a variety of communication sources were explored, with the aim of better reflecting SSH scholarship. Data for a group of 16 SSH scholars resident on Taiwan were collected, along with the number of grants and awards received from the chief public grantmaking body for the sciences on the island. Principle component analysis revealed four underlying dimensions represented by the 18 metrics. Multiple‐regression analyses were performed to examine how well each of the metrics and dimensions predicted the number of public grants awarded the study cohorts. Differences in the significance of the predictors were found between the social sciences and humanities. The results suggest the need to consider disciplinary differences when evaluating scholarly performance.
Transformation or continuity?: The impact of social media on information: implications for theory and practice
Authors: Haider Jutta , Huvila Isto , Cox Andrew , Francke Helena , Hall Hazel 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis panel debates whether the ways in which social media are changing the nature, creation, seeking, use and sharing of information constitute a transformation or are primarily marked by continuity. Ubiquitous and everyday access to social media (for some) seems to be bringing about changes in social practice, including of information‐related activities, such that conceptualisations of information itself are potentially reshaped. Discussants draw inspiration from the pervasive impact on information activities of the everyday adoption of social media. At a theoretical level they also draw inspiration from the analytic resources of contemporary practice theory and its emphasis on materiality and embodiment, routine and change, social expectations and social identity, and knowledge as a process. All the participants of the panel have conducted new empirical research on social media use with a focus on its deep as well as broad impact. The audience members are invited to discuss with the panelists questions such as how social media relate to routinised daily practices and institutionalised practices and hierarchies, how their use refashions social relationships, how they turn information seekers and users into information managers, producers and creators and shape perceptions of information authority and trustworthiness, and how a new theorisation can help librarians, information professionals and researchers understand change and assume a proactive role in it.