bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REVIVE Trial: Retrograde Delivery of Autologous Bone Marrow in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Patel Amit N. , Mittal Sanjay , Turan Goekmen , Winters Amalia A. , Henry Timothy D. , Ince Hueseyin , Trehan Naresh 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

Cell therapy is an evolving option for patients with end-stage heart failure and ongoing symptoms despite optimal medical therapy. Our goal was to evaluate retrograde bone marrow cell delivery in patients with either ischemic heart failure (IHF) or nonischemic heart failure (NIHF). This was a prospective randomized, multicenter, open-label study of the safety and feasibility of bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) infused retrograde into the coronary sinus. Sixty patients were stratified by IHF and NIHF and randomized to receive either BMAC infusion or control (standard heart failure care) in a 4:1 ratio. Accordingly, 24 subjects were randomized to the ischemic BMAC group and 6 to the ischemic control group. Similarly, 24 subjects were randomized to the nonischemic BMAC group and 6 to the nonischemic control group. All 60 patients were successfully enrolled in the study. The treatment groups received BMAC infusion without complications. The left ventricular ejection fraction in the patients receiving BMAC demonstrated significant improvement compared with baseline, from 25.1% at screening to 31.1% at 12 months (p = .007) in the NIHF group and from 26.3% to 31.1% in the IHF group (p = .035). The end-systolic diameter decreased significantly in the nonischemic BMAC group from 55.6 to 50.9 mm (p = .020). Retrograde BMAC delivery is safe. All patients receiving BMAC experienced improvements in left ventricular ejection fraction, but only those with NIHF showed improvements in left ventricular end-systolic diameter and B-type natriuretic peptide. These results provide the basis for a larger clinical trial in HF patients.

Significance
This work is the first prospective randomized clinical trial using high-dose cell therapy delivered via a retrograde coronary sinus infusion in patients with heart failure. This was a multinational, multicenter study, and it is novel, translatable, and scalable. On the basis of this trial and the safety of retrograde coronary sinus infusion, there are three other trials under way using this route of delivery.
Oral L-Arginine Supplementation Effects on Cardiometabolic Factors in Hypertensive Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and its Relationship with Body Mass Index
Authors: Kuryata Olexandr , Sirenko Oksana 
Published: July 2015

Hypertension and rheumatoid arthritis are regarded as a conditions associated with higher risk for cardiovascular disease. As known endothelial dysfunction is an early pathophysiological feature and an independent predictor cardiovascular disease. L-arginine is the amino acid with potential to improve endothelial function and is expected to play a role in the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular disease. In addition, data exists that L-arginine aspartate can reduce insulin resistance. We aimed to evaluate the effects of oral L-arginine supplementation on cardiometabolic factors by determining endothelial function, insulin resistance, adiponectin level in hypertensive patients combined with rheumatoid arthritis and its relationship with body mass index. 69 females with mean age – 54 [50,3; 61,5] years were enrolled. The 1st group made up 29 patients with hypertension combined with rheumatoid arthritis, 2nd group – 20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 3rd group – 20 patients with hypertension. In the endpoint patients were randomized to study subgroups patients, which received L-Arginine aspartate 30 ml/day during 4 weeks in addition to standard treatment, and control subgroups – received only the standard treatment. The levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, serum creatinine, body mass index, body area index were determined. Insulin resistance, adiponectin level, endothelial-dependent flow mediated vasodilatation of brachial artery were measured at baseline and after 4 weeks. In patients with hypertension combined with rheumatoid arthritis identified a significant increase in insulin levels, insulin resistance, adiponectin, which were associated with cardiovascular risk, abdominal obesity, inflammatory activity levels. Oral supplementation of L-arginine causes multiple beneficial effects on the complex of cardiometabolic factors including: endothelial dysfunction, peripheral insulin resistance, adiponectin level in hypertensive patients with rheumatoid arthritis, mainly in obesity case. With the correction of endothelial function were established more significantly changes in the investigated parameters.
Sleeping with the “Enemy”
Authors: Reeves Matthew 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn 2012, the Archaeology Department at James Madison’s Montpelier began an experimental program with Minelab Americas to encourage metal detectorists to become more involved in the scientific process of archaeological research. Specifically, the program is designed to be a week-long experience in which archaeologists and metal detectorists work together to identify and preserve archaeological sites at the 2,700-acre Montpelier property. In the process, the metal detector participants are taught the importance of site preservation through background lectures and hands-on field training in which they use their metal detectors as a remote sensing device. Participants learn how gridded metal detector surveys are conducted and the importance of proper context and curation of recovered objects. The team-based approach of our program has resulted in a co-creation process whereby metal detectorists bring to the table their skills in using their machines to identify subtle metallic artifact signals and archaeologists bring the skill of systematic survey techniques to map and record archaeological sites. In the end, teamwork encourages open and frank discussions regarding the interface between metal detecting and the archaeological communities and has gone a long way toward reconciling differences between these two groups who have a long history of strained relations.
Cemeteries as Participatory Museums
Authors: Miller Sarah E. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPreservationists and archaeologists often assess cemeteries for their research value as cultural resources of communities. Cemeteries hold significant interpretive and educational value because they serve communities as outdoor museums (Meyers 1996). The Cemetery Resource Protection Training (CRPT) workshop, developed by the Florida Public Archaeology Network (FPAN), engages the public by providing an archaeological perspective and hands-on experiences for local communities to aid them in addressing the real-world problem of neglected historic cemeteries. After completing over 36 workshops in 28 different communities, the CRPT workshop template has proven to be a highly transferable means to provide education and outreach to underserved communities and sites, as directed in FPAN’s mission. This paper considers cemeteries as participatory museums using Nina Simon’s (2010) co-creation framework. Following a brief summary of cemetery training programs and a review of the larger cemetery crisis in Florida, the rationale for creation of the CRPT program and building blocks of the workshop are provided for other public archaeologists to adapt for training cemetery stewards. Finally, the creation of training opportunities for nonprofessionals as an advance in public archaeology practice is discussed.
Anatomical Characteristics of the Flexor Digitorum Accessorius Longus Muscle and Their Relevance to Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Deleu Paul-André , Bevernage Bernhard Devos , Birch Ivan , Maldague Pierre , Gombault Vincent , Leemrijse Thibaut 
Published: July 2015

Background
Clinical and cadaver studies have reported that supernumerary muscles could be the etiology of a variety of pathologic disorders, such as posterior impingement syndrome, tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS), and flexor hallucis longus tenosynovitis. We describe a unique variant of the flexor digitorum accessorius longus (FDAL) muscle as an apparent cause of TTS, functioning as an independent flexor of the second toe, which has not been described in the literature. In addition to this case report, a systematic review was performed of TTS caused by the FDAL muscle.

Methods
A targeted search of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Web of Science identified full-text papers that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results
Twenty-nine papers were identified for inclusion in the systematic review: 12 clinical papers of TTS caused by the FDAL muscle and 17 cadaver-based papers.

Conclusions
Clinicians often do not include the FDAL muscle in the differential diagnosis of TTS. This literature review suggests that the FDAL is an important muscle in terms of its functional and clinical significance. Knowledge of this muscle, its anatomical location and variations, and its magnetic resonance imaging characteristics may help clinicians make an accurate differential diagnosis.
Influence of ENSO and the NAO on terrestrial carbon uptake in the Texas‐northern Mexico region
Authors: Parazoo Nicholas C. , Barnes Elizabeth , Worden John , Harper Anna B. , Bowman Kevin B. , Frankenberg Christian , Wolf Sebastian , Litvak Marcy , Keenan Trevor F. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractClimate extremes such as drought and heat waves can cause substantial reductions in terrestrial carbon uptake. Advancing projections of the carbon uptake response to future climate extremes depends on (1) identifying mechanistic links between the carbon cycle and atmospheric drivers, (2) detecting and attributing uptake changes, and (3) evaluating models of land response and atmospheric forcing. Here, we combine model simulations, remote sensing products, and ground observations to investigate the impact of climate variability on carbon uptake in the Texas‐northern Mexico region. Specifically, we (1) examine the relationship between drought, carbon uptake, and variability of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) using the Joint UK Land‐Environment Simulator (JULES) biosphere simulations from 1950–2012, (2) quantify changes in carbon uptake during record drought conditions in 2011, and (3) evaluate JULES carbon uptake and soil moisture in 2011 using observations from remote sensing and a network of flux towers in the region. Long‐term simulations reveal systematic decreases in regional‐scale carbon uptake during negative phases of ENSO and NAO, including amplified reductions of gross primary production (GPP) (−0.42 ± 0.18 Pg C yr−1) and net ecosystem production (NEP) (−0.14 ± 0.11 Pg C yr−1) during strong La Niña years. The 2011 megadrought caused some of the largest declines of GPP (−0.50 Pg C yr−1) and NEP (−0.23 Pg C yr−1) in our simulations. In 2011, consistent declines were found in observations, including high correlation of GPP and surface soil moisture (r = 0.82 ± 0.23, p = 0.012) in remote sensing‐based products. These results suggest a large‐scale response of carbon uptake to ENSO and NAO, and highlight a need to improve model predictions of ENSO and NAO in order to improve predictions of future impacts on the carbon cycle and the associated feedbacks to climate change.
Sources of new nitrogen in the Indian Ocean
Authors: Raes Eric J. , Thompson Peter A. , McInnes Allison S. , Nguyen Hoang Minh , Hardman‐Mountford Nick , Waite Anya M. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractQuantifying the different sources of nitrogen (N) within the N cycle is crucial to gain insights in oceanic phytoplankton production. To understand the controls of primary productivity and the associated capture of CO2 through photosynthesis in the southeastern Indian Ocean, we compiled the physical and biogeochemical data from four voyages conducted in 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013. Overall, higher NH4+ assimilation rates (~530 µmol m−2 h−1) relative to NO3− assimilation rates (~375 µmol m−2 h−1) suggest that the assimilation dynamics of C are primarily regulated by microbial regeneration in our region. N2 fixation rates did not decline when other source of dissolved inorganic nitrogen were available, although the assimilation of N2 is a highly energetic process. Our data showed that the diazotrophic community assimilated ~2 nmol N L−1 h−1 at relative elevated NH4+ assimilation rates ~12 nmol L−1 h−1 and NO3− assimilation rates ~6 nmol L−1 h−1. The small diffusive deep water NO3− fluxes could not support the measured NO3− assimilation rates and consequently point toward another source of dissolved inorganic NO3−. Highest NO2− values coincided consistently with shallow lower dissolved O2 layers (100–200 m; 100–180 µmol L−1). These results suggest that nitrification above the pycnocline could be a significant component of the N cycle in the eastern Indian Ocean. In our analysis we provide a conceptual understanding of how NO3− in the photic zone could be derived from new N through N2 fixation. We conclude with the hypothesis that N injected through N2 fixation can be recycled within the photic zone as NH4+ and sequentially oxidized to NO2− and NO3− in shallow lower dissolved oxygen layers.
In situ observations of multistage electron acceleration driven by magnetic reconnection
Authors: Wu Mingyu , Huang Can , Lu Quanming , Volwerk Martin , Nakamura Rumi , Vörös Zoltán , Zhang Tielong , Wang Shui 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWith observations of magnetic reconnection and the related bursty bulk flow (BBF) in the magnetotail by Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms mission, we investigate the process of the multistage acceleration of electrons in magnetotail reconnection events, which can be divided into three distinct stages: (1) first, electrons are accelerated in the vicinity of the X line where the electron temperature can be significantly raised while the energetic electron flux with the energy larger than tens of keV has no obvious enhancement. (2) Second, electrons suffer the nonadiabatic acceleration in the pileup region of magnetic reconnection, which results in the obvious enhancement of the energetic electron flux and the small increase of the electron temperature in the earthward flow. (3) At last, the energetic electron flux can be further raised in the BBFs due to adiabatic acceleration mechanisms. Our study indicates that low‐energy electrons can be accelerated to a high energy with a multistage process in magnetic reconnection events, which ranges from the vicinity of the X line to the BBFs.
Toward Standardized Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in Pediatric Rheumatology: Normal Age‐Related Ultrasound Findings
Authors: Collado Paz , Vojinovic Jelena , Nieto Juan Carlos , Windschall Daniel , Magni‐Manzoni Silvia , Bruyn George A. W. , Iagnocco Annamaria , D'agostino Maria Antonietta , Naredo Esperanza ,   on behalf of the Omeract Ultrasound Pediatric Group
Published: July 2015

ObjectiveThe Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Ultrasound Task Force has recently started to work on the validation and standardization of musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) examination in children in order to improve its applicability to joint examination.MethodsThis was a prospective multicenter study performed by 4 experts in pediatric MSUS, who independently collected representative images using predefined scanning procedures of 4 joints (knee, ankle, wrist, and second metacarpophalangeal joint) in different predefined age groups. Researchers were allowed to use their own settings (B‐mode and Doppler) in order to get the best quality image and highest sensitivity for low blood flow. Images were evaluated for quality parameters and an atlas was created with the best images. An equipment comparative study was performed by a single examiner using 2 different types of machines.ResultsSixty‐four healthy children were scanned. The quality of evaluated images, obtained by predefined scanning positions, was highly comparable among the examiners. The B‐mode images clearly showed age‐related variations of joint findings, while Doppler images showed the presence of blood flow, particularly within the epiphyseal cartilage of the children at a younger age. There was a high to good level of consistency between images obtained from the 2 different ultrasound machines.ConclusionThe study shows a systematic method for ultrasound examination of children at different age groups. Additionally, a baseline collection of images was developed, showing blood vessels in the joints examined. The present study could provide a framework for ongoing MSUS studies as well as for clinical practice in pediatric rheumatology.
Paired analysis of the microbiota of surface mucus and whole‐tissue specimens in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Kim Raymond J.T. , Biswas Kristi , Hoggard Michael , Taylor Michael W. , Douglas Richard G. 
Published: July 2015

BackgroundThe role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains uncertain. Recent evidence suggests that bacteria are able to establish microcolonies within the underlying mucosa. However, to date there has been no systematic comparison of bacterial community composition and diversity in the surface mucosa with that of the underlying tissue.MethodsPaired swabs and whole‐tissue samples were collected from the middle meatus of 9 patients with CRS undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery. The bacterial composition and diversity of the samples were determined using 16S rRNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing.ResultsThe bacterial communities of both swabs and tissues were dominated by known residents of the sinonasal cavity such as Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Prevotella, and Peptoniphilus. Although bacterial diversity (richness) did not differ between the 2 groups of samples, there were significant differences in the composition of bacterial communities. Molecular analyses revealed a large amount of interpersonal variation between patients.ConclusionSwab and tissue samples revealed similar bacterial diversity to each other and to that of other microbiota studies reported in the CRS literature. However, bacterial composition was significantly different between the 2 sample types, even though the tissue biopsies also comprise bacteria from the surface. We speculate that the bacteria on the surface seed the underlying tissue via the damaged epithelium in CRS patients, which over time develops into a distinct bacterial community.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed O‐ to S‐Alkyl Migration: A Pseudoreversible Barton–McCombie Pathway
Authors: Mahy William , Plucinski Pawel , Jover Jesús , Frost Christopher G. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractA practical ruthenium‐catalyzed O‐ to S‐alkyl migration affords structurally diverse thiooxazolidinones in excellent yields. Our studies suggest this catalytic transformation proceeds through a pseudoreversible radical pathway drawing mechanistic parallels to the classic Barton–McCombie reaction.
Nitrogen‐Doped Ordered Mesoporous Carbon with Different Morphologies for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Effect of Iron Species and Synergy of Textural Properties
Authors: Yang Dae‐Soo , Bhattacharjya Dhrubajyoti , Song Min Young , Razmjooei Fatemeh , Ko Jaejung , Yang Quan‐Hong , Yu Jong‐Sung 
Published: July 2015

AbstractNitrogen‐doped ordered mesoporous carbons (N‐OMCs) with different morphologies are prepared as oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts through pyrolysis of iron phthalocyanine‐infiltrated SBA‐15 silica with different mesochannel lengths. Excellent ORR activity with a nearly four‐electron transfer process is observed in both alkaline and acidic media. In particular, the difference in half‐wave potential for ORR relative to commercial Pt/C catalyst is only 50 mV negative in acidic medium, whereas it is 50 mV more positive in alkaline medium. Interestingly, it is found that although the use of iron is necessary for the preparation of highly active nitrogen‐doped ORR carbon catalysts, its presence is not necessary for N‐OMC to be active in the ORR in either alkaline or acidic media. In addition, the ORR activity increases gradually with decreasing mesopore channel length, with maximum activity in N‐OMC with short channels, demonstrating the high synergistic influence of structural morphology on ORR in heteroatom‐doped carbon.
Recyclable Hypervalent‐Iodine‐Mediated Dehydrogenative α,β′‐Bifunctionalization of β‐Keto Esters Under Metal‐Free Conditions
Authors: Duan Ya‐Nan , Cui Li‐Qian , Zuo Lin‐Hong , Zhang Chi 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe have developed a method for recyclable hypervalent‐iodine‐mediated direct dehydrogenative α,β′‐ bifunctionalization of β‐ketoesters and β‐diketones under metal‐free conditions, which affords a straightforward way to synthesize benzo‐fused 2,3‐dihydrofurans. This efficient, mild method, which has a wide substrate scope and good functional‐group tolerance, was used for the multistep synthesis of the protected aglycone of a naturally occurring phenolic glycoside. A mechanism involving Michael addition to an enone intermediate and subsequent oxidative cyclization is proposed.
A diagnostic model for impending death in cancer patients: Preliminary report
Authors: Hui David , Hess Kenneth , Santos Renata dos , Chisholm Gary , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: July 2015

BACKGROUNDSeveral highly specific bedside physical signs associated with impending death within 3 days for patients with advanced cancer were recently identified. A diagnostic model for impending death based on these physical signs was developed and assessed.METHODSSixty‐two physical signs were systematically documented every 12 hours from admission to death or discharge for 357 patients with advanced cancer who were admitted to acute palliative care units (APCUs) at 2 tertiary care cancer centers. Recursive partitioning analysis was used to develop a prediction model for impending death within 3 days with admission data. The model was validated with 5 iterations of 10‐fold cross‐validation, and the model was also applied to APCU days 2 to 6.RESULTSFor the 322 of 357 patients (90%) with complete data for all signs, the 3‐day mortality rate was 24% on admission. The final model was based on 2 variables (Palliative Performance Scale [PPS] and drooping of nasolabial folds) and had 4 terminal leaves: PPS score ≤ 20% and drooping of nasolabial folds present, PPS score ≤ 20% and drooping of nasolabial folds absent, PPS score of 30% to 60%, and PPS score ≥ 70%. The 3‐day mortality rates were 94%, 42%, 16%, and 3%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy was 81% for the original tree, 80% for cross‐validation, and 79% to 84% for subsequent APCU days.CONCLUSIONSBased on 2 objective bedside physical signs, a diagnostic model was developed for impending death within 3 days. This model was applicable to both APCU admission and subsequent days. Upon further external validation, this model may help clinicians to formulate the diagnosis of impending death. Cancer 2015;121:3914–3921. © 2015 American Cancer Society.