bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics and genetic diversity of noroviruses in adults with acute gastroenteritis in Beijing, China in 2008–2009
Authors: Tian Geng , Jin Miao , Li Huiying , Li Quanrui , Wang Jing , Duan Zhao‐jun 
Published: February 2014

AbstractNorovirus (NoV) infections that cause acute gastroenteritis are commonly observed during colder months. This study was conducted to investigate the clinical features and molecular epidemiology of NoVs in adult outpatients with acute gastroenteritis in Beijing, China from August 2008 to July 2009. Five hundred nineteen patients were enrolled, their stool specimens were collected, and 136 (26.2%) were positive for NoV. The elderly were found to be more susceptible to NoVs than other age groups. The greatest number of gastroenteritis cases associated with occurred in October. Six GI and eleven GII NoV genotypes were isolated; among these, the GII.4 genotype was most prevalent (70/140 and 50% were the 2006b variant). The elderly were more susceptible to the GII.4 genotype than to other genotypes. Greater numbers of neutrophils in the peripheral blood were observed in the NoV infected group than in uninfected control group. However, the levels of neutrophils and leukocytes in the non‐GII.4 patients infected with NoV were higher than those of the GII.4‐infected patients. The data highlight the role of NoV as a primary agent responsible for gastroenteritis in adults in Beijing, China. J. Med. Virol. 86:1235–1242, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Externalizing and Internalizing Subtypes of Posttraumatic Psychopathology and Anger Expression
Authors: Castillo Diane T. , Joseph Jeremy S. , Tharp Andra T. , C'de Baca Janet , Torres‐Sena Lorraine M. , Qualls Clifford , Miller Mark W. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractSubtypes of posttraumatic psychopathology were replicated and extended in 254 female veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cluster analyses on Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory‐2 and Personality Psychopathology Five scales (Harkness, McNulty, & Ben‐Porath, ) yielded internalizing and externalizing psychopathology dimensions, with a third low psychopathology group (simple PTSD). Externalizers were higher than the internalizers and the simple PTSD groups on the antisocial, substance, and aggression scales; internalizers were higher on depression and anxiety scales. Further validation included an independent measure of psychopathology to examine anger (Buss‐Durkee Hostility Inventory, [BDHI]; Buss & Durkee, ). Externalizers were higher on extreme behavioral anger scales (assault and verbal hostility); and externalizers and internalizers were higher than the simple PTSD subjects on other anger scales. Positive correlations between the BDHI scales and the PTSD symptom of “irritability and anger outbursts” were found across scales in the total sample (range: r = .19–.36), on the assault scale in externalizers (r = .59), and the verbal hostility scale in both internalizers (r = .30) and simple PTSD (r = .37) groups, suggesting the broad utility of the symptom in the diagnosis. The results demonstrate the generalizability of the internalizing/externalizing typology to the female veteran population and highlight clinically relevant distinctions in anger expression within PTSD.
Synthesis and On‐Demand Gelation of Multifunctional Poly(ethylene glycol)‐Based Polymers
Authors: Sokolovskaya Ekaterina , Barner Leonie , Bräse Stefan , Lahann Jörg 
Published: February 2014

The synthesis of a novel photoreactive poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)‐based polymer with caged carbonyl groups is reported. We further demonstrate its use for the on‐demand fabrication of hydrogels. For rapid gelation, a hydrazide‐functionalized PEG is used as the second component for the hydrogel preparation. The photoreactive PEG‐based polymer is designed for controlled cleavage of the protecting groups upon exposure to UV light releases free aldehyde moieties, which readily react with hydrazide groups in situ. This hydrogel system may find applications in controlled release drug delivery applications, when combined with in situ gelation. Furthermore, the possibility of forming gels specifically upon UV irradiation gives an opportunity for 3D fabrication of degradable scaffolds.
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Qualitative analysis for a competition model with B‐D functional response and numerical simulation
Authors: Jiang Hongling , Wu Jianhua , Wang Lijuan , Li Jian , Guo Gaihui 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIn this article, a competition model with Beddington–DeAngelis functional response is discussed. By the fixed point index theory, some sufficient conditions for the existence of positive solutions are obtained. Moreover, by the regularity theory and perturbation technique, the existence, uniqueness, and stability of positive solutions are established. Our studies show that the competition can be controlled by the intrinsic growth rates and competition coefficients of two species. Especially, one sufficient condition that the system has a unique globally asymptotically stable positive solution is gained. Finally, some numerical simulations are given to support and supplement our theoretical results.Copyright © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 30: 1575–1594, 2014
Superconvergence and gradient recovery for a finite volume element method for solving convection‐diffusion equations
Authors: Zhang Tie , Sheng Ying 
Published: February 2014

AbstractWe study the superconvergence of the finite volume element (FVE) method for solving convection‐diffusion equations using bilinear trial functions. We first establish a superclose weak estimate for the bilinear form of FVE method. Based on this estimate, we obtain the H1‐superconvergence result: . Then, we present a gradient recovery formula and prove that the recovery gradient possesses the ‐order superconvergence. Moreover, an asymptotically exact a posteriori error estimate is also given for the gradient error of FVE solution.Copyright © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 30: 1152–1168, 2014
Self‐Compassion and Risk Behavior Among People Living With HIV/AIDS
Authors: Dawson Rose Carol , Webel Allison , Sullivan Kathleen M. , Cuca Yvette P. , Wantland Dean , Johnson Mallory O. , Brion John , Portillo Carmen J. , Corless Inge B. , Voss Joachim , Chen Wei‐Ti , Phillips J. Craig , Tyer‐Viola Lynda , Rivero‐Méndez Marta , Nicholas Patrice K. , Nokes Kathleen , Kemppainen Jeanne , Sefcik Elizabeth , Eller Lucille Sanzero , Iipinge Scholastika , Kirksey Kenn , Chaiphibalsarisdi Puangtip , Davila Nancy , Hamilton Mary Jane , Hickey Dorothy , Maryland Mary , Reid Paula , Holzemer William L. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractSexual risk behavior and illicit drug use among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) contribute to poor health and onward transmission of HIV. The aim of this collaborative multi‐site nursing research study was to explore the association between self‐compassion and risk behaviors in PLWHA. As part of a larger project, nurse researchers in Canada, China, Namibia, Puerto Rico, Thailand and the US enrolled 1211 sexually active PLWHA using convenience sampling. The majority of the sample was male, middle‐aged, and from the US. Illicit drug use was strongly associated with sexual risk behavior, but participants with higher self‐compassion were less likely to report sexual risk behavior, even in the presence of illicit drug use. Self‐compassion may be a novel area for behavioral intervention development for PLWHA. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The influence of etofenprox on narrow clawed crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823): Acute toxicity and sublethal effects on histology, hemolymph parameters, and total hemocyte counts
Authors: Benli Aysel Caglan Karasu 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTThe acute and sublethal effects of etofenprox, a nonester pyrethroid, was determined in narrow‐clawed crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823). Semistatic bioassay procedures were followed in both experiments, and the 24, 48, 72, and 96 h LC50 values (with 95% confidence limits) of technical etofenprox for crayfish were calculated as 0.68, 0.61, 0.45, and 0.41 µg/L, respectively based on Finney's probit analysis. Two concentrations of etofenprox (0.04 and 0.1 µg/L) were tested to determine sublethal effects due to 96 hours exposure. After exposure to sublethal etofenprox, hemolymph glucose, and lactate levels increased while total hemocyte counts and sodium levels decreased (p < 0.05). Hemolymph calcium, potassium, magnesium, and chloride concentrations did not change significantly. Histological alterations were evident in the gills and hepatopancreas after exposure to sublethal etofenprox concentrations. Lamellar hyperplasia and lining in the afferent and efferent branchial vessels were recorded in gills; whilst tubule necrosis was obvious in hepatopancreas. Etofenprox was found to be very highly toxic to crayfish, a nontarget organism. Exposure to sublethal concentrations for 96 h affected circulating hemocytes and hemolymph stress parameters via histological response, to compansate for the adverse effects of etofenprox. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 30: 887–894, 2015.
Opportunistic interference management: a new approach for multiantenna downlink cellular networks
Authors: Kiskani Mohsen Karimzadeh , Wang Zheng , Sadjadpour Hamid R. , Oviedo Jose A. , Garcia‐Luna‐Aceves Jose Joaquin 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA new approach for multiantenna broadcast channels in cellular networks based on multiuser diversity concept is introduced. The technique called opportunistic interference management achieves dirty paper coding capacity asymptotically with minimum feedback required. When there are K antennas at the base station with M mobile users in the cell, the proposed technique only requires K integer numbers related to channel state information between mobile users and base station. The encoding and decoding complexity of this scheme is the same as that of point‐to‐point communications, which makes the implementation of this technique easy. An antenna selection scheme is proposed at the base station to reduce the minimum required mobile users significantly at the expense of reasonable increase in feedback. In order to guarantee fairness, a new algorithm is presented that incorporates opportunistic interference management into existing Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) standard. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fluoroferrates with (dabcoH2)2+ or (dabcoH)+ Cations
Authors: Darmograi Ganna , Jouffret Laurent , Hémon‐Ribaud Annie , Leblanc Marc , Dujardin Gilles , Maisonneuve Vincent , Lhoste Jerome 
Published: February 2014

AbstractFour new hybrid fluoroferrates synthesized with 1,4‐diazabicyclooctane (dabco) are discussed. They were obtained through the use of conventional solvothermal synthesis in Teflon vessels to explore the composition space diagram of the (Fe2+,Fe3+)‐dabco‐HFaq. chemical system with ethanol or dimethylformamide as solvent. These Class I hybrid fluorides exhibit isolated hydrated and/or fluorinated iron entities associated to mono or diprotonated amines according to the synthesis conditions. Their structures were determined from single crystal diffraction: (dabcoH2)[FeIII2F8(H2O)2] (I), triclinic, space group P$\bar{1}$, Z = 2, a = 7.1657(2) Å, b = 7.6031(2) Å, c = 13.1497(3) Å, α = 73.631(1)°, β = 76.210(1)°, γ = 84.286(1)°, V = 667.1(1) Å3, R = 0.0299; (dabcoH2)2[FeIII2F10]·2H2O (II), orthorhombic, space group Pbca, Z = 4, a = 12.9801(7) Å, b = 11.4624(6) Å, c = 13.8641(7) Å, V = 2062.7(2) Å3, R = 0.0425; (dabcoH)4[FeIII2F10]·10H2O (III), triclinic, space group P$\bar{1}$, Z = 1, a = 8.921(3) Å, b = 9.468(4) Å, c = 13.452(4) Å, α = 76.87(2)°, β = 74.62(2)°, γ = 74.86(2)°, V = 1042.2(6) Å3, R = 0.0549; (dabcoH)[(FeII(H2O)6)(FeIIIF6)] (IV), trigonal, space group P31c, Z = 2, a = 9.2866(2) Å, c = 10.2401(2) Å, V = 764.8(3) Å3, R = 0.0252. The paper focuses on structural descriptions, environment of dabco cations or iron species, and hydrogen bonding modes in the light of literature examples.
Clinical, biochemical and molecular analysis of 13 Japanese patients with β‐ureidopropionase deficiency demonstrates high prevalence of the c.977G > A (p.R326Q) mutation
Authors: Nakajima Yoko , Meijer Judith , Dobritzsch Doreen , Ito Tetsuya , Meinsma Rutger , Abeling Nico G. G. M. , Roelofsen Jeroen , Zoetekouw Lida , Watanabe Yoriko , Tashiro Kyoko , Lee Tomoko , Takeshima Yasuhiro , Mitsubuchi Hiroshi , Yoneyama Akira , Ohta Kazuhide , Eto Kaoru , Saito Kayoko , Kuhara Tomiko , van Kuilenburg André B. P. 
Published: February 2014

Abstractβ‐ureidopropionase (βUP) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by N‐carbamyl‐β‐amino aciduria. To date, only 16 genetically confirmed patients with βUP deficiency have been reported. Here, we report on the clinical, biochemical and molecular findings of 13 Japanese βUP deficient patients. In this group of patients, three novel missense mutations (p.G31S, p.E271K, and p.I286T) and a recently described mutation (p.R326Q) were identified. The p.R326Q mutation was detected in all 13 patients with eight patients being homozygous for this mutation. Screening for the p.R326Q mutation in 110 Japanese individuals showed an allele frequency of 0.9 %. Transient expression of mutant βUP enzymes in HEK293 cells showed that the p.E271K and p.R326Q mutations cause profound decreases in activity (≤ 1.3 %). Conversely, βUP enzymes containing the p.G31S and p.I286T mutations possess residual activities of 50 and 70 %, respectively, suggesting we cannot exclude the presence of additional mutations in the non‐coding region of the UPB1 gene. Analysis of a human βUP homology model revealed that the effects of the mutations (p.G31S, p.E271K, and p.R326Q) on enzyme activity are most likely linked to improper oligomer assembly. Highly variable phenotypes ranging from neurological involvement (including convulsions and autism) to asymptomatic, were observed in diagnosed patients. High prevalence of p.R326Q in the normal Japanese population indicates that βUP deficiency is not as rare as generally considered and screening for βUP deficiency should be included in diagnosis of patients with unexplained neurological abnormalities.
Effects of belowground vertical distribution of a herbivore on plant biomass and survival in Lolium perenne
Authors: Tsunoda Tomonori , Kachi Naoki , Suzuki Jun‐Ichirou 
Published: February 2014

AbstractRoot herbivory affects plant performance, but the effects are not well understood. We tested the effects of the vertical distribution of a root‐feeding beetle larva (Anomala cuprea) by restricting its access to the top, middle, or bottom zone in pots of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) or by allowing unrestricted access. We predicted that plant mortality, biomass, and biomass allocation should change with the zone of root herbivory, because both the magnitude of root loss and the consequences of such loss are specific to the point of damage. Seven of nine plants died in each treatment in which the larvae had access to the top zone. In contrast, no plants died when larvae occupied the middle or bottom zones. Plants were killed when the larvae grazed the root base and severed the shoots from the roots. Moreover, total plant biomass and biomass allocation to roots were significantly lower when the larvae were confined to the top and middle feeding zones. The greatest number of roots were removed when the larvae occupied the top feeding zone. Thus, the vertical distribution of a belowground herbivore is crucially important to plant fate. In nature, most belowground herbivores are concentrated near the soil surface, and thus the effects of belowground herbivory are often more severe than the effects of aboveground herbivory.
Application of EPR Spectroscopy and DSC for Oxidative Stability Studies of Nigella sativa and Lepidium sativum Seed Oil
Authors: Naik Azza , Meda V. , Lele S. S. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractFood products incorporating oil rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids are known to become easily rancid. In order to delay the process of oxidation there is a need to develop analytical methods that accurately estimate the antioxidant potential of the oil and predict its oxidative stability. Thus, the present work investigated Lepidium sativum and Nigella sativa seed oil as a source of natural antioxidants. Further, the effect of blending the two oils on the oxidative stability of the unsaturated L. sativum oil was also studied. Electro‐paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy showed 100 % 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical quenching by both the oils at a concentration of 5 % w/v oil in benzene thereby establishing the anti‐oxidant potential of both the oils. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies showed addition of N. sativa oil to L. sativum oil enhanced its oxidation onset temperature, a relevant indicator of oil stability, thereby making N. sativa a source of natural antioxidants. Consequently, the DSC and EPR spectroscopy techniques so developed can find application in shelf life studies of oil.
Speleothem evidence for late Holocene climate variability and floods in Southern Greece
Authors: Finné Martin , Bar-Matthews Miryam , Holmgren Karin , Sundqvist Hanna S. , Liakopoulos Ilias , Zhang Qiong 
Published: February 2014

AbstractWe present stable isotope data (δ18O, δ13C) from a detrital rich stalagmite from Kapsia Cave, the Peloponnese, Greece. The cave is rich in archeological remains and there are reasons to believe that flooding of the cave has directly affected humans using the cave. Using a combination of U–Th and 14C dating to constrain a site-specific correction factor for (232Th/238U) detrital molar ratio, a linear age model was constructed. The age model shows that the stalagmite grew during the period from ca. 950 BC to ca. AD 830. The stable oxygen record from Kapsia indicates cyclical changes of close to 500 yr in precipitation amount, with rapid shifts towards wetter conditions followed by slowly developing aridity. Superimposed on this signal, wetter conditions are inferred around 850, 700, 500 and 400–100 BC, and around AD 160–300 and AD 770; and driest conditions are inferred to have occurred around 450 BC, AD 100–150 and AD 650. Detrital horizons in the stalagmite indicate that three major floods took place in the cave at 500 BC, 70 BC and AD 450. The stable carbon isotope record reflects changes in biological activity being a result of both climate and human activities.
AN ACTUARIAL BALANCE SHEET MODEL FOR DEFINED BENEFIT PAY-AS-YOU-GO PENSION SYSTEMS WITH DISABILITY AND RETIREMENT CONTINGENCIES
Authors: Ventura-Marco Manuel , Vidal-Meliá Carlos 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIn this paper, we develop a theoretical basis for drawing up a “Swedish” type actuarial balance sheet for a defined benefit pay-as-you-go (DB PAYG) scheme with retirement and disability benefits. Our model enables us to obtain the system's expected average turnover duration, measure the scheme's solvency and explore the phenomenon identified as “pension reclassification”, a widespread practice that masks the system's real status unless further pension information becomes available. The model is clearly linked to actuarial practice in social security and gives partial support to the practical adaptation of Swedish methodology carried out by OSFI (2012) in applying the concept of the contribution asset to the Canadian Pension Plan (CPP) balance sheet, which includes disability and survivor benefits.
Stability analysis for the onset of thermoacoustic oscillations in a gas-filled looped tube
Authors: Hyodo H. , Sugimoto N. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThis paper develops a stability analysis for the onset of thermoacoustic oscillations in a gas-filled looped tube with a stack inserted, subject to a temperature gradient. Analysis is carried out based on approximate theories for a thermoviscous diffusion layer derived from the thermoacoustic-wave equation taking account of the temperature dependence of the viscosity and the heat conductivity. Assuming that the stack consists of many pores axially and that the thickness of the diffusion layer is much thicker than the pore radius, the diffusion wave equation with higher-order terms included is applied for the gas in the pores of the stack. For the gas outside of the pores, the theory of a thin diffusion layer is applied. In a section called the buffer tube over which the temperature relaxes from that at the hot end of the stack to room temperature, the effects of the temperature gradient are taken into account. With plausible temperature distributions specified on the walls of the stack and the buffer tube, the solutions to the equations in both theories are obtained and a frequency equation is finally derived analytically by matching the conditions at the junctions between the various sections. Seeking a real solution to the frequency equation, marginal conditions of instability are obtained numerically not only for the one-wave mode but also for the two-wave mode, where the tube length corresponds to one wavelength and two wavelengths, respectively. It is revealed that the marginal conditions depend not only on the thickness of the diffusion layer but also on the porosity of the stack. Although the toroidal geometry allows waves to be propagated in both senses along the tube, it is found that the wave propagating in the sense from the cold to the hot end through the stack is always greater, so that a travelling wave in this sense emerges as a whole. The spatial and temporal variations of excess pressure and mean axial velocity averaged over the cross-section of a flow passage are displayed for the two modes of oscillations at the marginal state. The spatial distribution of mean acoustic energy flux (acoustic intensity) over one period is also shown. It is unveiled that the energy flux is generated only in the stack, and it decays slowly in the other sections by lossy effects due to a boundary layer. Mechanisms for the generation of the acoustic energy flux are also discussed.
Discourse Grammar, the dual process model, and brain lateralization: some correlations
Authors: HEINE BERND , KUTEVA TANIA , KALTENBÖCK GUNTHER 
Published: February 2014

abstractSome more recent lines of research converge on claiming that human cognitive behavior in general and linguistic discourse in particular cannot reasonably be reduced to one monolithic system of cognitive activity. What this research suggests, rather, is that this behavior exhibits a dualistic organization. In the present paper, two frameworks representing this tradition are contrasted, namely Discourse Grammar and the dual process model. The former rests on observations on language structure and language use, while the latter was developed on the basis of neurolinguistic observations. The two frameworks converge on claiming that there is a significant correlation between linguistic categorization and hemisphere-based brain activity. The present paper argues that this correlation can be related to contrasting linguistic functions associated with each of the two hemispheres.