bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spoiled FLASH MRI with slice selective excitation: Signal equation with a correction term
Authors: Gras Vincent , Abbas Zaheer , Shah Nadim J. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTSpoiled fast low‐angle shot (FLASH) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a simple contrast, largely independent of the spin‐spin relaxation time. Three‐dimensional FLASH imaging (3D FLASH) has gained importance due to its simplicity and its ability to produce isotropic, high‐resolution images. Nevertheless, 2D FLASH imaging can be more suited than 3D FLASH imaging in various specific applications requiring long repetition time, such as imaging of the proton density (PD), as it allows interleaved slice acquisition rather than consecutive slice acquisition. In practice, however, a slice‐selective excitation produces a nonuniform excitation profile, which needs to be taken into account to allow reliable quantitative data analysis. In this work, the influence of the nonuniform excitation profile on the detected signal is modeled as a dimensionless multiplicative correction, function of the flip angle, and the ratio of the repetition time to the spin‐lattice relaxation time T1. This model is validated experimentally by measuring the PD and T1 MR parameters in a phantom experiment on a 3T clinical scanner. A good accuracy in the estimation of T1 and in the reconstruction of the PD (weighted by the receiver sensitivity profile) is obtained, for example, a relative error of 3% in T1 within the range [500, 2000] ms and a precision of 1% in PD. It is also shown how the proposed theory can be extended to magnetization‐prepared 2D‐spoiled FLASH as well as other variations of the 2D‐spoiled FLASH sequence. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 42A: 89–100, 2013.
Prognostic implications of signet ring cell histology in esophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yendamuri Sai , Huang Miriam , Malhotra Usha , Warren Graham W. , Bogner Paul N. , Nwogu Chukwumere E. , Groman Adrienne , Demmy Todd L. 
Published: May 2013

BACKGROUNDSignet ring cell esophageal adenocarcinoma histology has been difficult to study in single institution series because of its relative rarity, yet has an anecdotal reputation for poor prognosis. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was examined to assess the prognostic implications of this esophageal adenocarcinoma subtype.METHODSAll patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma in the SEER database from 2004 to 2009 were included. Univariate and multivariate analyses examining the relationship of signet ring cell histology with overall survival were performed in all patients, as well as those undergoing surgical resection.RESULTSA total of 596 of 11,825 (5%) study patients had signet ring cell histology. Patients with signet ring cell histology were similar in age, race, and sex distribution, but had a higher grade (P <  .001) and higher stage (P <  .001) at diagnosis. In both the all‐patient group as well as those undergoing surgical resection, univariate analyses showed a worse survival in patients with signet ring cell esophageal cancer (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.13‐1.36 and HR = 1.57; 95% CI = 1.29‐1.93, respectively). In multivariate analyses adjusting for covariates, patients with signet ring cell cancer had a worse prognosis than those without (HR = 1.18; 95% CI = 1.07‐1.30). In surgically resected patients, this remained a trend, but did not reach statistical significance (HR = 1.16; 95% CI = 0.94‐1.42).CONCLUSIONSThis large study of esophageal adenocarcinoma confirms the clinical impression that signet ring cell variant of adenocarcinoma is associated with an advanced stage at presentation and a worse prognosis independent of stage of presentation. Cancer 2013;119:3156–3161. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Cost‐effectiveness of stereotactic body radiation therapy versus surgical resection for stage I non–small cell lung cancer
Authors: Shah Anand , Hahn Stephen M. , Stetson Robert L. , Friedberg Joseph S. , Pechet Taine T. V. , Sher David J. 
Published: May 2013

BACKGROUNDThe traditional treatment for clearly operable (CO) patients with stage I non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is lobectomy, with wedge resection (WR) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) serving as alternatives in marginally operable (MO) patients. Given an aging population with an increasing prevalence of screening, it is likely that progressively more people will be diagnosed with stage I NSCLC, and thus it is critical to compare the cost‐effectiveness of these treatments.METHODSA Markov model was created to compare the cost‐effectiveness of SBRT with WR and lobectomy for MO and CO patients, respectively. Disease, treatment, and toxicity data were extracted from the literature and varied in sensitivity analyses. A payer (Medicare) perspective was used.RESULTSIn the base case, SBRT (MO cohort), SBRT (CO cohort), WR, and lobectomy were associated with mean cost and quality‐adjusted life expectancies of $42,094/8.03, $40,107/8.21, $51,487/7.93, and $49,093/8.89, respectively. In MO patients, SBRT was the dominant and thus cost‐effective strategy. This result was confirmed in most deterministic sensitivity analyses as well as probabilistic sensitivity analysis, in which SBRT was most likely cost‐effective up to a willingness‐to‐pay of more than $500,000/quality‐adjusted life year. For CO patients, lobectomy was the cost‐effective treatment option in the base case (incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio of $13,216/quality‐adjusted life year) and in nearly every sensitivity analysis.CONCLUSIONSSBRT was nearly always the most cost‐effective treatment strategy for MO patients with stage I NSCLC. In contrast, for patients with CO disease, lobectomy was the most cost‐effective option. Cancer 2013;119:3123–3132. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Nomogram for predicting survival in patients with unresectable and/or metastatic urothelial cancer who are treated with cisplatin‐based chemotherapy
Authors: Galsky Matthew D. , Moshier Erin , Krege Susan , Lin Chia‐Chi , Hahn Noah , Ecke Thorsten , Sonpavde Guru , Godbold James , Oh William K. , Bamias Aristotle 
Published: May 2013

BACKGROUNDThe current study was conducted to develop a pretreatment prognostic model for patients with unresectable and/or metastatic urothelial cancer who were treated with first‐line, cisplatin‐based chemotherapy.METHODSIndividual data were pooled from 399 patients who were enrolled on 8 phase 2 and 3 trials evaluating cisplatin‐based, first‐line chemotherapy in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Variables selected for inclusion in the model were combined in a Cox proportional hazards model to produce a points‐based nomogram with which to predict the median, 1‐year, 2‐year, and 5‐year survival. The nomogram was validated externally using data from a randomized trial of the combination of methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin plus cisplatin versus docetaxel plus cisplatin.RESULTSThe median survival of the development cohort was 13.8 months (95% confidence interval, 12.1 months‐16.0 months); 68.2% of the patients had died at the time of last follow‐up. On multivariable analysis, the number of visceral metastatic sites, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, and leukocyte count were each found to be associated with overall survival (P < .05), whereas the site of the primary tumor and the presence of lymph node metastases were not. All 5 variables were included in the nomogram. When subjected to internal validation, the nomogram achieved a bootstrap‐corrected concordance index of 0.626. When applied to the external validation cohort, the nomogram achieved a concordance index of 0.634. Calibration plots suggested that the nomogram was well calibrated for all predictions.CONCLUSIONSBased on routinely measured pretreatment variables, a nomogram was constructed that predicts survival in patients with unresectable and/or metastatic urothelial cancer who are treated with cisplatin‐based chemotherapy. This model may be useful in patient counseling and clinical trial design. Cancer 2013;119:3012—3019. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
The Knowledge Diffusion Paths of Corporate Social Responsibility – From 1970 to 2011
Authors: Lu Louis Y.Y. , Liu John S. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a unique approach to translating a complex citation network into simple main paths. We apply this approach to explore the knowledge diffusion paths of corporate social responsibility (CSR) literature over the past 40 years. ISI Web of Science (WOS) is used as the data source for retrieving the CSR papers and their citation data. We then apply main path analysis to identify and visualize the local, global, and key‐route main paths. The local and global main paths identify those papers that play a key role in the knowledge diffusion of CSR. The key‐route main path clearly exhibits the divergence‐convergence pattern of CSR development. Although the divergence‐convergence pattern of a theory's development has been hinted at in previous literature, we propose the key‐route main path to systematically identify and exhibit it. This approach provides a useful method for researchers to figure out the development cycles of a target field. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Minimum symbol error rate multiuser detection using an effective invasive weed optimization for MIMO/SDMA–OFDM system
Authors: Bagadi Kala Praveen , Das Susmita 
Published: May 2013

SUMMARYSpace division multiple access–orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system has become a potential wireless communication system by offering high spectral efficiency, performance and capacity. This article deals with minimum symbol error rate (MSER)‐based multiuser detection (MUD) technique for the space division multiple access–orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system using an efficient invasive weed optimization (IWO) algorithm. The IWO algorithm is used for finding optimal weights such that the probability of error is directly minimized rather than minimizing the mean square error. Because of this, the MSER MUD is able to detect users even in overload scenario, where the number of users is more than the number of receiving antennas, unlike several classical detection techniques. The IWO is inspired from the nature of invasive colonization of weeds and relatively simple compared with other optimization techniques. The bit error rate performance of the proposed IWO‐aided MSER MUD is found to be better than minimum means square error and differential evolution algorithm‐aided MSER MUDs. Simulation results show that the proposed IWO MSER achieves faster convergence and lower complexity compared with the differential evolution MSER MUD. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Isolation and Crystal Structure of the Proposed Low‐Valent Active Species in the H2 Activation Catalytic Cycle
Authors: Inoki Daisuke , Matsumoto Takahiro , Nakai Hidetaka , Ogo Seiji 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe provide confirmation of our proposed design principles for a H2 activation catalytic cycle by constructing a new catalyst. We have been able to obtain a crystal structure to confirm our proposition that a reduced, dinuclear species stores electrons from hydrogen molecules in a metal–metal bond.
Relationships Between Structure and Spectroscopic Properties of Nd3+ Ethylene­diaminetetramethylenephosphonates and Ethylenediaminetetraacetates
Authors: Janicki Rafał , Mondry Anna 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe structural and spectroscopic properties of the Nd3+ compounds [C(NH2)3]7[Nd(EDTMP)(CO3)]·10H2O, K17H3[Nd4(EDTMP)4]·36H2O, [C(NH2)3][Nd(EDTA)(H2O)3] and Na[Nd(EDTA)(H2O)3]·5H2O are presented (H4EDTA = ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, H8EDTMP is a phosphonic acid analogue of H4EDTA). The obtained monomeric [Nd(EDTMP)(CO3)]7– and tetrameric [Nd4(EDTMP)4]20– structures, in which bidentate carbonate and tridentate bridged phosphonate coordination patterns appear, are exceptional. The use of different countercations has allowed us to assess their role in crystal formation and their influence on the spectroscopic properties of the investigated crystals. The countercations slightly change the geometry of [Nd(EDTA)(H2O)3]– and some subtle modifications of the geometry of the carboxylic groups is observed. These changes are discussed in the context of hypersensitive transition intensities. The intensities of the f–f transitions in all studied crystals were determined and analyzed basing on the Judd–Ofelt theory. Luminescence of the Nd3+ ions in the NIR region could be observed solely in the phosphonate complexes. The luminescence quantum yields were calculated from the luminescence lifetimes and the Judd–Ofelt parameters. The Φ value for the rigid tetramer [Nd4(EDTMP)4]20– is twice as large (7 %) as that for the monomer [Nd(EDTMP)(CO3)]7– (3.5 %).
Pencil Lead Electrode Modified with Hemoglobin Film as a Novel Biosensor for Nitrite Determination
Authors: Majidi Mir Reza , Saadatirad Afsaneh , Alipour Esmaeel 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIn the present paper, the electrochemical reduction of nitrite at a hemoglobin modified pencil lead electrode (Hb/PLE) is described. The electrochemical properties of nitrite were studied by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. Results showed that the hemoglobin film has an excellent electrochemical activity towards the reduction of nitrite. By using voltammetric and chronoamperometric methods, α, nα and n were calculated. Then the ability of the electrode for nitrite determination was investigated using differential pulse voltammetry. The electrocatalytic reduction peak currents were found to be linear with the nitrite concentration in the range from 10 to 220 µM with a detection limit of 5 µM. The relative standard deviation is 2 % for 3 successive determinations of a 100 µM nitrite solution. This modified electrode was successfully used for the detection of low amounts of NO2− in spinach sample and a spiked sample of tap water.
Optimal design of an equipment isolation system with nonlinear hysteretic behaviour
Authors: Reggio Anna , De Angelis Maurizio 
Published: May 2013

SUMMARYVibration isolation is well recognized as an effective mitigation strategy for acceleration‐sensitive equipment subjected to earthquake. In the present paper, an equipment isolation system with nonlinear hysteretic behaviour is proposed and a methodology for the optimal design is developed. An integrable constitutive model, derived from the mathematical Duhem hysteresis operator, is adopted for the isolation system. The optimization procedure is defined through a dual‐criteria approach that involves a transmissibility criterion combined with an energy performance criterion: the former consists in limiting the absolute acceleration of the isolated equipment below an allowable threshold value; the latter, in maximizing the ratio between the energy dissipation due to hysteresis and the input energy to reduce the isolator displacements. The seismic effectiveness of the nonlinear hysteretic isolation system is numerically investigated under natural accelerograms with different frequency content and increasing levels of excitation. Both ground‐mounted and floor‐mounted equipment items are considered in the analyses; in the second case, the dynamic interaction between the equipment and its supporting structure is taken into account in the design of the isolation system, and its effects on the isolation performance and the structural response are discussed. Comparisons in terms of effectiveness and robustness with a linear isolation system with viscoelastic behaviour are eventually provided. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of an in vitro thin-film solid-phase microextraction method to determine the bioavailability of xenoestrogens in soil
Authors: Engler Katherine Neafsey , Lemley Ann T. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Biosolids applied to agricultural fields, parks, and other areas represent significant sources of estrogen-like endocrine disrupting compound (EEDC) inputs to soil. It is important to determine the bioavailability of EEDCs in soil to inform risk assessment concerning their environmental presence; Eisenia fetida (earthworms) are typically used in traditional in vivo bioavailability experiments. The development of an in vitro bioavailability method will decrease time, expense, and use of solvents in future analyses. A thin-film solid-phase microextraction (TF-SPME) method for determining the bioavailability of several EEDCs detected in biosolids was developed and optimized. It was found that the TF-SPME method could be used to calculate equilibrium porewater concentrations of diethylhexyl phthalate, bisphenol A, benzophenone, and triclosan at environmentally relevant concentrations in artificial soil within 88 min. The potential and limitations of using TF-SPME–generated porewater concentrations to predict E. fetida tissue concentrations are discussed. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1962–1968. © 2013 SETAC
Dynamic decentralised algorithms for cognitive radio relay networks with multiple primary and secondary users utilising matching theory
Authors: Bayat Siavash , Louie Raymond H. Y. , Vucetic Branka , Li Yonghui 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTWe propose a distributed spectrum access algorithm for cognitive radio relay networks with multiple primary users (PUs) and multiple secondary users (SUs). The key idea behind the proposed algorithm is that the PUs negotiate with the SUs on both the amount of monetary compensation, and the amount of time the SUs are either (i) allowed spectrum access, or (ii) cooperatively relaying the PU's data, such that both the PUs' and the SUs' minimum rate requirements are satisfied. The proposed algorithm is shown to be flexible in prioritising either the PUs or the SUs. We prove that the proposed algorithm will result in the best possible stable matching and is weak Pareto optimal. Numerical analysis also reveals that the distributed algorithm can achieve a performance comparable to an optimal centralised solution, but with significantly less overhead and complexity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Corrosion coupon evaluation under pilot‐scale CO2 capture conditions at an Australian coal‐fired power station
Authors: Cousins Ashleigh , Ilyushechkin Alexander , Pearson Pauline , Cottrell Aaron , Huang Sanger , Feron Paul H.M. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractCorrosion is a major operational issue in amine treating plants. With the likely application of CO2 capture technologies to coal combustion flue gases, corrosion rates in gas streams containing oxygen are of interest and evaluation of potential construction materials under realistic conditions is essential. A total of 128 corrosion coupons were installed at the Tarong Post Combustion Capture (PCC) pilot plant in 8 locations during operation with 30 wt% monoethanolamine (MEA). Each corrosion test location contained 4 coupons of each type of metal (316L, 316L welded, C1018, C1018 galvanized). Coupons were installed in the pilot plant for 4296 or 5448 h; however plant operation was intermittent with actual operating times of 593 or 745 h. The highest corrosion rates were observed for carbon steel (C1018) and galvanized carbon steel (C1018 GLV) coupons located in both the absorber and stripper solvent storage tanks. C1018 GLV coupons typically showed higher rates of corrosion than C1018 coupons. C1018 coupons located in the absorber wash section also exhibited high corrosion rates, while C1018 GLV coupons in the same location did not. XRD analysis showed that the galvanized coupons in the absorber wash section retained some Zn in the corrosion scale. This could have aided their resistance to corrosion in this location. All other galvanized samples lost their zinc coating, indicating galvanizing might not be appropriate for use in CO2 capture applications. C1018 coupons in the absorber column experienced pitting. This was not seen for the galvanized coupons. In the stripping column, both the C1018 and C1018 GLV coupons showed areas of general corrosion attack. Stainless steel and welded stainless steel coupons showed no appreciable corrosion weight loss under the conditions tested. The corrosion resistance of the 316L stainless steel coupons to all environments considered here suggests it is suitable for use in all areas of amine based PCC plants. The corrosion rates measured on C1018 and C1018 GLV coupons suggest these materials would not be recommended for use in solvent storage tanks or wash sections of PCC plants. Due to intermittent use of the plant, it is unclear from these results whether C1018 or C1018 GLV would be suitable for use in the absorption/desorption columns. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Heavy oil production by carbon dioxide injection
Authors: Gao Changhong , Li Xiangliang , Guo Lanlei , Zhao Fangjian 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWith the depletion of light oil, heavy oil is becoming one of the most promising resources for meeting future energy consumption. Heavy oil resources are abundant, but the traditional water flooding method can only achieve less than 20% of heavy oil recovery. Thermal recovery has proven effective in producing heavy oil, but not suitable for many heavy oil formations that are either thin or buried deep underground. Carbon Dioxide injection is a ‘win‐win’ enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technique for many heavy oil fields. Injected CO2 not only increases heavy oil output, but also traps injected CO2 underground. Carbon dioxide effectively recovers heavy oil thanks to several mechanisms, including oil swelling, viscosity reduction, and blow‐down recovery. This review discusses the advances of CO2 flooding at both laboratory scale and field scale. Laboratory tests show that CO2 can significantly improve heavy oil recovery. Several field cases in the USA, Turkey, Trinidad, and China are reviewed. Field experiences show that CO2 flooding is a successful EOR method for heavy oil fields. However, some issues were encountered in field applications, such as early gas breakthrough, corrosion, CO2 availability, and high costs.
Chondrosarcoma of the hyoid bone: Case report and review of current management options
Authors: Zhang Isabella , Zaorsky Nicholas G. , Abraham John A. , Tuluc Madalina , Curry Joseph M. , Bar‐Ad Voichita 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundWe describe a 53‐year‐old man who presented with a painless neck mass and underwent a resection that identified the tumor as a low‐grade chondrosarcoma of the hyoid bone. We reviewed the literature for diagnosis and management options of this exceptionally rare diagnosis.MethodsWe conducted a search of the published medical literature before September 2012 in MEDLINE and PubMed using the terms “chondrosarcoma” and “hyoid.” The search led to 19 case reports. We then searched for recent advances in diagnosis and treatment.ResultsChondrosarcomas of the hyoid bone present as slow‐growing, painless masses of the neck. CT and MRI are useful for imaging, but definitive diagnosis is made by biopsy.ConclusionThe preferred treatment is complete surgical removal, whereas radiation is used as adjuvant therapy. Positive surgical margin is a significant risk factor for recurrence. Long‐term follow‐up is recommended because of recurrences many years later. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: E65–E72, 2014