bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ZEISS IOLMaster 700
Authors: Klaproth Oliver 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe ZEISS IOLMaster 700 with SWEPT Source Biometry® is designed for increasing patient throughput and getting fewer refractive surprises in cataract surgery. It combines all measurements required for modern non-toric IOL, toric IOL, and post-refractive surgery IOL power calculation, including Telecentric 3-Zone Keratometry, central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, axial length, corneal diameter distance, as well as alpha and kappa chords. It provides innovative technologies such as Total Keratometry (TK®) to include the posterior corneal curvature in IOL power calculation, the seamless cornea-to-retina scan, the unique fixation check, and central topography. It is part of the ZEISS Cataract Workflow, which enables remote IOL power calculation, surgical planning, IOL ordering, and more, in combination ZEISS EQ Workplace® and ZEISS Veracity® Surgical. It also enables markerless toric IOL alignment in combination with ZEISS CALLISTO eye®.
Digital Solutions in the Cataract Workflow from ZEISS
Authors: Schüle Melanie , Smith Kyle , Dreyer Stephan , Elliott Jeremiah 
Published: July 2024

AbstractZEISS has created several powerful digital solutions to support cataract surgeons and their teams in achieving workflow efficiency and excellent outcomes by integrating the entire process of cataract surgery—from the office to the OR and back. ZEISS offers two surgery planning solutions, the FORUM-based EQ Workplace and the cloud-based VERACITY Surgery Planner, as well as the intraoperative surgical guidance system, ZEISS CALLISTO eye—all created to improve efficiency and reduce errors while adapting to the surgeon’s existing workflow.
Biometry Measurements Using a New Large Coherence Length Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: John Shammas H. , Shammas Maya C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe swept-source OCT biometer (Argos) uses a 1060 nm wavelength and 20 nm bandwidth swept-source technology to collect 2-D OCT data of the full eye. The device measures the axial length and the anterior chamber depth, the central corneal thickness, aqueous depth, lens thickness, pupil size, the corneal diameter, and the corneal power in less than a second. The repeatability and reproducibility of the Argos measurements have been tested by means of variation analysis study and demonstrated that the new OCT biometer produces precise and reproducible measurements. Measurements made with the swept-source OCT biometer show a high acquisition rate compared with the IOLMaster 500 and the Lenstar biometers, especially in dense cataracts. The Argos swept-source optical coherence tomography measures the optical path length of each segment of the eye and uses a specific refractive index for each of these segments that has led to an improvement in IOL power calculation especially in long and short eyes.
Optical Biometer OA-2000
Authors: Hara Naoko , Benedikt Kathrin , Owaki Hirofumi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe OA-2000 is an optical biometer that automatically measures all parameters needed for IOL power calculation. Axial measurements are obtained by means of swept-source optical coherence tomography and corneal measurements by means of a Placido ring corneal topographer. Long coherence length allows high penetration and high success rate on long axial length myopic eyes. Different technical features provide a high success rate in measuring dense cataract eyes. Corneal keratometry and astigmatism are measured with accuracy and precision. The device includes different kinds of IOL formulae: standard, toric, and post-Lasik. In addition, software for optimization of IOL constants is included in OA-2000.
CASIA2: Anterior Segment 3D Swept-Source OCT
Authors: Hara Naoko , Benedikt Kathrin , Owaki Hirofumi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCASIA2 in a swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) anterior segment tomographer. It achieves deep penetration and provides wide-field images by means of a high scanning speed (50,000 scans/s) with a light source 1310 nm wavelength, and it can acquire high-quality 3D images from the anterior surface of cornea to the back surface of the crystalline lens. The clinical application includes pre-operative screening to measure corneal total astigmatism, higher-order aberrations, topography maps as well as 3D analysis of the crystalline lens geometry giving values for front and back surfaces, tilt, and decentration. Axial length and corneal power measured with the OA-2000 biometer can be automatically transferred to CASIA2 for intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation.
Cassini Corneal Topographer
Authors: Snellenburg Joris , Huijbregtse Maarten , Ortiz-Jaramillo Benhur , Ginting Masmei , Serfontein Ernst 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCassini is a reflection-based corneal topographer, that combines its signature color-coded LED pattern with a multitude of infrared LEDs to produce a detailed and highly accurate analysis of both the anterior and posterior corneal surface – even under challenging circumstances such as non-rotationally symmetric corneas or a non-standard corneal ratio. It provides cataract surgeons with the insights needed to tailor their surgical plans and IOL selection, which in turn provides their patients with more comfort and better surgical outcomes. Featuring among others; anterior, posterior and total corneal astigmatism; higher order aberrations and topographic maps; pupil and iris morphology; ocular surface (tear film) dynamics; Cassini allows for careful Toric or Multifocal lens selection and surgery planning. Its connectivity to a wide range of surgical devices, like FLACS systems and surgical microscopes, facilitates precise IOL alignment and brings astigmatism management to the operating room.
An Overview of Intraocular Lens Power Calculation Methods
Authors: Fam Han Bor 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAll methods and formulas developed to calculate the intraocular lens (IOL) power are described: historical methods, regression methods, theoretical formulas, thin and thick-lens formulas, ray-tracing, artificial intelligence methods and intraoperative aberrometry. The main characteristics of each approach are provided and a final classification of formulas and method is given.
Anterior Chamber Depth and IOL Calculations
Authors: Findl Oliver , Hirnschall Nino , Kronschläger Martin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe accurate prediction of postoperative anterior chamber depth (ACD) (intraocular lens (IOL) position) is important for accurate IOL power calculation. Different means to predict the postoperative ACD are discussed. Some of them are based on preoperative biometric measurements, while others can use intraoperative optical coherence tomography measurements of aphakic ACD. Whatever method is used the postoperative shift in ACD should be taken into account and possible factors like rhexis size, centering, and shape as well as patient factors such as zonule integrity and capsular shrinkage may also have an effect.
IOL Constant Optimization
Authors: Aristodemou Petros 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDifferences between IOL designs and biometry methods are sources of systematic error and can displace the average prediction error away from 0.0D. These require an adjustment of the IOL constant to reset the mean prediction error to 0.0D0.0D, so that the IOL formula can perform at its best. This review discusses the reasons why IOL constants may differ based on IOL characteristics and biometry method, as well as causes of erroneous estimation of IOL constants that should be taken into account. The chapter also describes various methodologies for optimizing IOL constants, from simple empirical methods to the conventional optimization approach by iteration using computerized spreadsheets. The code to perform these calculations is provided. The chapter ends by discussing the IOL power formulae with more than one constant and how these can be optimized.
Panacea IOL Calculator
Authors: Flikier David 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Panacea formula is a theoretical vergence thin lens formula that can calculate the spherical and toric intraocular lens (IOL) power. There are some relevant differences over other similar IOL formulas. The lens position algorithm is based on four biometric variables: axial length, keratometry, anterior chamber depth, and lens thickness. Keratometry is modified as a function of anterior to posterior curvature ratio to avoid errors in altered corneas. The axial length is transformed correcting the bias in extreme cases. The corneal power is optimized taking into account the asphericity and the anterior-to-posterior curvature ratio. Several studies have proved better results than other IOL formulas.
Astigmatism of the Cornea
Authors: Wang Li , Koch Douglas D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTotal corneal astigmatism is determined by both the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces. Ignoring posterior corneal astigmatism may yield an incorrect estimation of total corneal astigmatism. Correcting corneal astigmatism based on only anterior corneal measurements could lead to overcorrection in eyes that have WTR astigmatism and undercorrection in eyes that have ATR astigmatism. The ATR change that occurs with aging should be taken into consideration at the time of cataract surgery. Devices with more accurate and repeatable anterior and posterior corneal measurements are desirable.
IOL Power Calculation in Keratoconus
Authors: Kane Jack X 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe changes in the keratoconic cornea affect multiple aspects of IOL power calculation. The challenges with keratoconus are the corneal power measurement issues, the IOL formula calculation errors, and the difficulty in refraction. The different formulas used in keratoconus cases are compared. The Kane keratoconus formula utilises modified anterior corneal radii of the curvature that better represents the true anterior/posterior ratio in keratoconic eyes while also minimising the effect of corneal power on the ELP calculation. The Barrett True K formula for keratoconus incorporates the posterior corneal power and central corneal thickness to improve post-operative prediction. The SRK/T was better than all other conventional formulas.
IOL Calculation in Vitreoretinal Pathology and Surgery
Authors: Aramberri Jaime 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntraocular lens (IOL) power calculation is frequently performed in the context of retinal pathology and concomitant vitreoretinal surgery. The precision of the regular biometric measurements and calculation formulas can be affected unless the surgeon avoids the different sources of error. In this chapter, the biometry of the eye with retinal pathology is described exposing the most relevant causes of an incorrect measurement and the ways to avoid or correct them. Previously, vitrectomized eyes, especially filled with silicone oil, were more prone to error, and both the measurements and the refractive target have to adapt to the particularity of the eye. Phacovitrectomy has become a routine surgery with increasing demands in refractive outcomes which forces the surgeon to perform a precise calculation with the latest formulas.
Neue Auflage der Paris-Klassifikation 2022: Was ist neu?
Authors: Vlajnic Tatjana , Bubendorf Lukas 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungAls ein international anerkanntes Befundungssystem hat die Paris-Klassifikation einen globalen Durchbruch in der Standardisierung der Diagnosen in der Urinzytologie erzielt. Basierend auf Erfahrungen der letzten Jahre seit der Erstveröffentlichung werden in der Neuauflage die diagnostischen Kriterien präzisiert und differentialdiagnostische Schwierigkeiten ausführlicher diskutiert. Während der Nachweis eines high-grade Urothelkarzinoms nach wie vor im Vordergrund steht, werden auch weitere Aspekte der Urinzytologie, u. a. die Zytologie des oberen Harntrakts, und die damit verbundenen Herausforderungen thematisiert. Neu werden die low-grade urothelialen Neoplasien nicht mehr als eigenständige Kategorie aufgeführt, sondern in die Kategorie „negativ für high-grade Urothelkarzinom“ (NGHUC) eingeordnet. Die Paris-Klassifikation ist eine wichtige Grundlage für die Abschätzung des Malignitätsrisikos und das weitere klinische Vorgehen.
Drug-related emergency department visits: external validation of an assessment tool in a general emergency department population
Authors: Nymoen Lisbeth D. , Pettersen Julie L. S. , Flatebø Trude. E. , Øie Erik , Viktil Kirsten K. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The process of identifying drug-related hospitalisations is subjective and time-consuming. Assessment tool for identifying hospital admissions related to medications (AT-HARM10) was developed to simplify and objectify this process. AT-HARM10 has not previously been externally validated, thus the predictive precision of the tool is uncertain.

Aim
To externally validate AT-HARM10 in adult patients admitted to the emergency department (ED).

Method
This retrospective cross-sectional study investigated 402 patients admitted to the ED, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway. A trained 5th-year pharmacy student used AT-HARM10 to assess all patients and to classify their ED visits as possibly or unlikely drug-related. Assessment of the same patients by an interdisciplinary expert panel acted as the gold standard. The external validation was conducted by comparing AT-HARM10 classifications with the gold standard.

Results
According to AT-HARM10 assessments, 169 (42%) patients had a possible drug-related ED visit. Calculated sensitivity and specificity values were 95% and 71%, respectively. Further, positive and negative predictive values were 46% and 98%, respectively. Adverse effects/over-treatment and suboptimal treatment were the issues most frequently overestimated by AT-HARM10 compared with the gold standard.

Conclusion
AT-HARM10 identifies drug-related ED visits with high sensitivity. However, the low positive predictive value indicates that further review of ED visits classified as possible drug-related by AT-HARM10 is necessary. AT-HARM10 can serve as a useful first-step screening that efficiently identifies unlikely drug-related ED visits, thus only a smaller proportion of the patients need to be reviewed by an interdisciplinary expert panel.
Assessing lung consolidation in goats using different ultrasonographic techniques
Authors: Borriello Giuliano , Valentini Flaminia , Cagnotti Giulia , Capucchio Maria Teresa , Ferrini Sara , Zoppi Simona , D’Angelo Antonio , Bellino Claudio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGoats are often affected by respiratory diseases and, despite ultrasonography can assess lung consolidations in several species, it is rarely used in these animals. So, this study evaluated the effectiveness of on-farm lung ultrasonography in detecting lung consolidations on 27 goats. The goats, scheduled for slaughter, underwent complete clinical examinations and lung ultrasonography. For the latter, both sides of the thorax were divided in four quadrants and examined using convex and linear probes before and after shaving the hair. Each quadrant was classified based on presence/absence of lung consolidation and maximum consolidation’s depth (4-point scale: 0 healthy; 1 depth < 1 cm; 2 depth < 3 cm; 3 depth > 3 cm). The lungs were examined at necropsy, 66% of goats exhibited lung consolidations and sensitivity (83%-89%), specificity (100%), and κ coefficient values (0.67–0.72) were high with all techniques. An higher (p ≤ 0.01) percentage of class 1 lesions were found at necropsy compared to all the ultrasonographic techniques. All the ultrasonographic techniques effectively detected lung consolidation deeper than 1 cm. So, ultrasonography seems an effective tool for lung examination in goats with chronic pneumonia. The examination using the linear or the convex probes without shaving the hair could be a promising tool for the on-field diagnosis of pneumonia, although further research on larger sample sizes are necessary to validate these findings.
Nonspecific stress biomarkers for mortality prediction in older emergency department patients presenting with falls: a prospective multicenter observational study
Authors: Terhalle Lukas , Arntz Laura , Hoffmann Felix , Arnold Isabelle , Hafner Livia , Picking-Pitasch Laurentia , Zuppinger Joanna , Delport Lehnen Karen , Leuppi Jörg , Somasundaram Rajan , Nickel Christian H. , Bingisser Roland 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Older patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) after falling are increasingly prevalent. Falls are associated with functional decline and death. Biomarkers predicting short-term mortality might facilitate decisions regarding resource allocation and disposition. D-dimer levels are used to rule out thromboembolic disease, while copeptin and adrenomedullin (MR-proADM) may be used as measures of the patient`s stress level. These nonspecific biomarkers were selected as potential predictors for mortality.

Methods
Prospective, international, multicenter, cross-sectional observation was performed in two tertiary and two regional hospitals in Germany and Switzerland. Patients aged 65 years or older presenting to the ED after a fall were enrolled. Demographic data, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and D-dimers were collected upon presentation. Copeptin and MR-proADM levels were determined from frozen samples. Primary outcome was 30-day mortality; and secondary outcomes were mortality at 90, 180, and 365 days.

Results
Five hundred and seventy-two patients were included. Median age was 83 [IQR 78, 89] years, 236 (67.7%) were female. Mortality overall was 3.1% (30 d), 5.4% (90 d), 7.5% (180 d), and 13.8% (365 d), respectively. Non-survivors were older, had a lower ADL index and higher levels of all three biomarkers. Elevated levels of MR-proADM and D-dimer were associated with higher risk of mortality. MR-proADM and D-dimer showed high sensitivity and low negative likelihood ratio regarding short-term mortality, whereas copeptin did not.

Conclusion
D-dimer and MR-proADM levels might be useful as prognostic markers in older patients presenting to the ED after a fall, by identifying patients at low risk of short-term mortality.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02244983.
The prognostic value of IgA anti-citrullinated protein antibodies and rheumatoid factor in an early arthritis population with a treat-to-target approach
Authors: Heutz Judith W. , Looijen Agnes E. M. , Kuijpers Jac H. S. A. M. , Schreurs Marco W. J. , van der Helm-van Mil Annette H. M. , de Jong Pascal H. P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe mucosal origin hypothesis of rheumatoid arthritis has renewed the interest in IgA autoantibodies, but their added value over IgG anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) and IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) for modern treatment outcomes remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of IgA-ACPA and IgA-RF for treatment outcomes in an early arthritis population. IgA-ACPA/RF isotypes were measured in baseline sera from 480 inflammatory arthritis (IA) patients, who were included in the treatment in the Rotterdam Early Arthritis Cohort trial (tREACH). The tREACH trial was a multicentre, stratified, single-blinded trial with a treat-to-target approach. The prognostic value of IgA-ACPA/RF was determined by evaluating differences in (1) quick-attained (< 6 months after diagnosis) and persistent remission rates, (2) DMARD-free remission and (3) biological use between IA patients with and without IgA-ACPA/RF over 3 years of follow-up. IgA-ACPA was present in 23% of patients and overlapped with IgG-ACPA positivity in 94%. Similarly, IgA-RF overlapped with IgM-RF in 90% of patients. IgA-ACPA positivity was associated with lower DFR rates and more biological use, but this effect was largely mediated by the presence of IgG-ACPA, since this effect disappeared after stratification for IgG-ACPA (HR 0.6, 95%CI 0.2-1.6 for DFR). No differences were observed in ‘quick-attained and persistent remission’ rates and for IgA-RF. Their seems to be no additional value of IgA-ACPA and IgA-RF for modern, long-term clinical outcomes. The effects of IgA-ACPA seen in our study are largely mediated by the presence of IgG-ACPA. Based on these results, there is no rationale for measuring these isotypes in daily practice.
Having a Disposition and Making a Contribution
Authors: Johansen Marc 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Dispositional accounts of various phenomena have claimed that dispositions can be intrinsically masked. In cases of intrinsic masking, something has a disposition while also having an intrinsic property that would prevent that disposition from manifesting in the face of its stimulus. This paper develops a theory of disposition ascriptions capable of recognizing such dispositions. The theory is modeled on the view that dispositions are powers. I propose that having a disposition is a matter of exerting a corresponding kind of influence. Unlike powers theories, however, the account largely falls silent on questions of fundamental metaphysics. It does not build dispositions into fundamental ontology, posit necessary connections between properties, or otherwise appeal to sui generis modality.
The association between crop diversity and children’s dietary diversity: multi-scalar and cross-national comparisons
Authors: Isbell Carina , Tobin Daniel , Thiede Brian C. , Jones Kristal , Reynolds Travis 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFood insecurity is rising across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where undernourishment continues to affect a large portion of the population, particularly young children. Studies examining the associations between crop diversity and childhood nutrition have recently proliferated but are characterized by inconsistent results and two key limitations. First, many studies focus only on the household level, overlooking the prospect that more diverse crops at village and regional levels may contribute to household food security. Second, many studies pool data from multiple countries, which may obscure important context-specific aspects of nutrition outcomes. Drawing on Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from 10 SSA countries, in combination with agricultural production estimates for 112 crop species, this study explores the associations between crop diversity at multiple scales (10-, 25-, and 50-kilometer radii) and children’s dietary diversity (HDDS). In addition to producing overall estimates across our sample, we measure country-specific associations to account for spatial heterogeneity. Results of the overall model show a negative association between crop diversity and dietary diversity. However, the country-specific analyses uncover extensive variability in these associations: in some cases, diversity is highly positively correlated with HDDS, while in others the estimated effect is negative or nonexistent. Our findings suggest that country-level analyses provide important nuance that may be masked in pooled analyses. Moreover, these findings foreground the importance of looking beyond household-level analyses to understand the dynamic role that local crop diversity, and its exchange across space, can play in supporting children’s dietary diversity.