bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate change may impact habitat complementation and cause disassociation for mobile species
Authors: James Nicholas L. , Cumming Graeme S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Context
As complementary terrestrial and aquatic habitats are pulled apart by environmental change, animals will have to adjust their behaviours to successfully track their fundamental niches. We introduce a novel example of how climate change impacts can drive separation between complementary foraging and breeding habitats in seabirds.

Objectives
We evaluated how Black Noddies (Anous minutus) modified their movement behaviour across the seascape to access complementary habitat types during a period of local food scarcity; and whether this influenced their breeding success.

Methods
We quantified characteristics of foraging behaviour relating to energy consumption (time, distance and area covered) over four breeding seasons for Black Noddies (A. minutus) and compared favourable years (2019, 2020 and 2021) to an unfavourable year (2022). We also quantified and compared chick health and survival rates over the same period.

Results
In 2022, severe reduction in local food abundance on Heron Island led breeding Black Noddies to forage further by an order of magnitude, utilizing a remote wooded island (Bushy Islet) as an overnight roosting location. This was a novel and completely unexpected response to the altered environmental conditions. At the same time, 2022 saw significant increases in chick mortality and decreases in chick health compared to other years.

Conclusions
We show how a growing mismatch between nesting, roosting, and foraging sites pushed individuals in a breeding tropical seabird population to extend their foraging range by an order of magnitude, with direct negative consequences for juveniles. Our findings highlight the need to explicitly consider habitat complementation in land- and seascape conservation initiatives and planning.
Integration of multi-modal datasets to estimate human aging
Authors: Ribeiro Rogério , Moraes Athos , Moreno Marta , Ferreira Pedro G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAging involves complex biological processes leading to the decline of living organisms. As population lifespan increases worldwide, the importance of identifying factors underlying healthy aging has become critical. Integration of multi-modal datasets is a powerful approach for the analysis of complex biological systems, with the potential to uncover novel aging biomarkers. In this study, we leveraged publicly available epigenomic, transcriptomic and telomere length data along with histological images from the Genotype-Tissue Expression project to build tissue-specific regression models for age prediction. Using data from two tissues, lung and ovary, we aimed to compare model performance across data modalities, as well as to assess the improvement resulting from integrating multiple data types. Our results demostrate that methylation outperformed the other data modalities, with a mean absolute error of 3.36 and 4.36 in the test sets for lung and ovary, respectively. These models achieved lower error rates when compared with established state-of-the-art tissue-agnostic methylation models, emphasizing the importance of a tissue-specific approach. Additionally, this work has shown how the application of Hierarchical Image Pyramid Transformers for feature extraction significantly enhances age modeling using histological images. Finally, we evaluated the benefits of integrating multiple data modalities into a single model. Combining methylation data with other data modalities only marginally improved performance likely due to the limited number of available samples. Combining gene expression with histological features yielded more accurate age predictions compared with the individual performance of these data types. Given these results, this study shows how machine learning applications can be extended to/in multi-modal aging research. Code used is available at https://github.com/zroger49/multi_modal_age_prediction.
IoT-enabled healthcare transformation leveraging deep learning for advanced patient monitoring and diagnosis
Authors: Alharbe Nawaf , Almalki Manal 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDeep learning and the Internet of Things (IoT) are revolutionizing the healthcare industry. This study explores the potential commercial transformation resulting from IoT-enabled healthcare systems that use deep learning for patient monitoring and diagnosis. Wearables, smart sensors, and internet-connected medical devices allow doctors to monitor patients' vital signs, activities, and physiological traits in real time. However, these devices generate vast and complex data, making analysis and diagnosis challenging. Deep learning models are well-suited to analyze this growing volume of medical data. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks can automatically recognize complex patterns and relationships in sensor data, electronic health records, and patient-reported information. This capability aids clinical professionals in diagnosing illnesses, identifying warning signs, and tailoring treatments. This paper describes a Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) -based IoT-enabled healthcare system that performs feature extraction, classification, prediction, and data preparation. Additionally, it addresses interpretability issues, privacy concerns, and resource limitations of deep learning models in real-time healthcare settings. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) -powered IoT-based healthcare solutions, such as real-time patient monitoring, disease detection, risk prediction, and therapy optimization. These techniques can improve the quality, cost, and outcomes of healthcare. Combining Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) with IoT can significantly enhance healthcare by improving disease detection, personalized treatment, and patient monitoring through connected devices and powerful analytics.
Combinatorial Results on Barcode Lattices
Authors: Bouquet Alex , Vindas-Meléndez Andrés R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA barcode is a finite multiset of intervals on the real line. Jaramillo-Rodriguez (2023) previously defined a map from the space of barcodes with a fixed number of bars to a set of multipermutations, which presented new combinatorial invariants on the space of barcodes. A partial order can be defined on these multipermutations, resulting in a class of posets known as combinatorial barcode lattices. In this paper, we provide a number of equivalent definitions for the combinatorial barcode lattice, show that its Möbius function is a restriction of the Möbius function of the symmetric group under the weak Bruhat order, and show its ground set is the Jordan-Hölder set of a labeled poset. Furthermore, we obtain formulas for the number of join-irreducible elements, the rank-generating function, and the number of maximal chains of combinatorial barcode lattices. Lastly, we make connections between intervals in the combinatorial barcode lattice and certain classes of matchings.
Identification of climatic and management factors influencing wheat’s yield variability using AgMERRA dataset and DSSAT model across a temperate region
Authors: Farhadi Masume , Bannayan Mohammad , Fallah Mohammad Hassan , Jahan Mohsen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOne of the main challenges of today’s agriculture to ensure food security is developing strategies to deal with potential negative impacts of adaptation to climate variability. This study was conducted to determine climatic and management factors influencing wheat yield variability throughout a temperate region in Northeastern Iran in the period of 1980–2010. The growth stages and yield of wheat crop were simulated via DSSAT model, using AgMERRA gridded weather dataset. Also, the effect of climatic variables on yield was identified using Panel Data Regression (PDA). According to the results, 63% of the changes in irrigated wheat yield are explained by climatic factors (temperature and precipitation) and 37% by management factors. PDA revealed that among the climatic variables, the number of days with temperatures above 30 °C during the growing season, mean temperature, as well as amount and frequency of precipitation have a significant effect on irrigated wheat yield (p ≤ 0.05). The management practices, including provision of inputs such as chemical fertilizers, modified seeds, tillage machinery and equipment, information transfer and the penetration of knowledge in the field, would increase yields by 5 kg on average per year in study region. In general, employing effective management methods, in particular selecting the appropriate planting date that could result in better adaptation of the phenological stages of wheat to climatic conditions, thus improving the wheat yield. The results of this research suggest that use of valid AgMERRA meteorological dataset as input for DSSAT crop model could produce reliable simulations which in turn could be employed by food policy and decision makers, farmers, and managers in a temperate region.
Study of the Role of Nitrogen in the Oxidation of Titanium-Based Alloys by Changing the Reaction Gas
Authors: Gautier Kevin , Monceau Daniel , Epifano Enrica , Connétable Damien , Gheno Thomas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe role of nitrogen in the oxidation of Ti-2W, Ti-10Al-2W (at.%) and Ti6242S was investigated using experiments in air and in Ar-20%O2, and two-stage experiments where the reaction gas was switched from one mixture to the other. When switching from Ar-20%O2 to air, the oxidation rates first increased during a short period, then decreased. This surge of mass gain following the introduction of air was attributed to N pickup, forming a nitride layer and a N-enriched zone in the alloy, below the oxide layer. The subsequent decrease of oxidation rate was attributed to the formation of nitride and/or N-rich zone, which both act as diffusion barriers for oxygen. Switching from air to Ar-20%O2 caused an increase in the oxidation rate of the W-containing alloys, which was attributed to the consumption of this barrier. The gas change had no significant effect on the oxidation rate of Ti6242S, which formed a much thinner nitride layer in air. The faster the nitride layer grows, the faster it is consumed when removing N from the reaction gas, probably because of a higher diffusion rate of N in W-doped TiO2 compared to TiO2 formed on Ti6242S.
Overall side effect assessment of oxaliplatin toxicity in rectal cancer patients in NRG oncology/NSABP R04
Authors: Peipert John Devin , Roydhouse Jessica , Tighiouart Mourad , Henry Norah Lynn , Kim Sungjin , Hays Ron D. , Rogatko Andre , Yothers Greg , Ganz Patricia A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Regulatory guidance suggests capturing patient-reported overall side effect impact in cancer trials. We examined whether the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) GP5 item (“I am bothered by side effects of treatment”) post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy/radiotherapy differed between oxaliplatin vs. non- oxaliplatin arms in the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) R-04 trial of stage II–III rectal cancer patients.

Methods
The R-04 neoadjuvant trial compared local-regional tumor control between patients randomized to receive 5-fluorouracil or capecitabine with radiation, with or without oxaliplatin (4 treatment arms). Participants completed surveys at baseline and immediately after chemoradiotherapy. GP5 has a 5-point response scale: “Not at all” (0), “A little bit” (1), “Somewhat” (2), “Quite a bit” (3), and “Very much” (4). Logistic regression compared the odds of reporting moderate-high side effect impact (GP5 2–4) between patients receiving oxaliplatin or not after chemoradiotherapy, controlling for relevant patient characteristics. We examined associations between GP5 and other patient-reported outcomes reflecting side effects.

Results
Analyses were performed among 1132 study participants. Participants receiving oxaliplatin were 1.58 times (95% CI: 1.22–2.05) more likely to report moderate-high side effect bother at post-chemotherapy/radiation. In both arms, worse overall side effect impact was associated with patient-reported diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and peripheral sensory neuropathy (p < 0.01 for all).

Conclusion
This secondary analysis of R-04 found that GP5 distinguished between patients receiving oxaliplatin or not as part of their post-neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, adding patient-centric evidence on the reduced tolerability of oxaliplatin and demonstrating that GP5 is sensitive to known toxicity differences between treatments.

ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00058474.
Cardiometabolic effects of hypoprolactinemia
Authors: Auriemma Renata S. , Scairati Roberta , Pirchio Rosa , Del Vecchio Guendalina , Di Meglio Sara , Menafra Davide , Pivonello Rosario , Colao Annamaria 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe fall of PRL levels below the lower limit of the normal range configures the condition of hypoprolactinemia. Unlike PRL excess, whose clinical features and treatments are well established, hypoprolactinemia has been only recently described as a morbid entity requiring prompt identification and proper therapeutic approach. Particularly, hypoprolactinemia has been reported to be associated with the development of metabolic syndrome and impaired cardiometabolic health, as visceral obesity, insulin-resistance, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, chronic inflammation, and sexual dysfunction have been found more prevalent in patients with hypoprolactinemia as compared to those with normoprolactinemia. This evidence has been collected mainly in patients on chronic treatment with dopamine agonists for PRL excess due to a PRL-secreting pituitary tumour, and less frequently in those receiving the atypical antipsychotic aripiprazole. Nowadays, hypoprolactinemia appears to represent a novel and unexpected risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, as is the case for hyperprolactinemia. Nevertheless, current knowledge still lacks an accurate biochemical definition of hypoprolactinemia, since no clear PRL threshold has been established to rule in the diagnosis of PRL deficiency enabling early identification of those individual subjects with increased cardiovascular risk directly ascribable to the hormonal imbalance. The current review article focuses on the effects of hypoprolactinemia on the modulation of body weight, gluco-insulinemic and lipid profile, and provides latest knowledge about potential cardiovascular outcomes of hypoprolactinemia.
A review of fish diversity in Mediterranean seagrass habitats, with a focus on functional traits
Authors: Lattanzi A. , Bellisario B. , Cimmaruta R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBesides providing key ecosystem services, including improved water quality, coastal protection, and carbon sequestration, seagrasses are highly productive habitat-forming species essential in supporting fish diversity at the global level. In the Mediterranean Sea, seagrasses represent the main component of the sublittoral marine environment hosting a huge number of fish species that use this habitat for reproduction, foraging and/or refuge from predation. However, a complete synthesis of fish species observed in different seagrass habitats is still lacking at the whole Mediterranean basin scale, so hindering a thorough understanding of the main mechanisms involved in determining fish diversity patterns. We performed a systematic review by implementing a semi-automated, threshold-based filtering pipeline that allowed building up a dataset concerning all fish species reported in native Mediterranean seagrasses, including specific functional traits known to be involved with the potential use of seagrasses by fish. These data allowed to carry on a narrative synthesis on fish diversity in seagrass habitats, providing support to several assumptions repeatedly stated in literature but so far sustained mainly by local and fragmented data. Our findings suggested the onset of a general pattern in the occurrence of species, mostly based on life history and driven by body size and feeding habits. We evidenced unexpected knowledge gaps on the role of habitat heterogeneity and fish life stages in determining the presence and the potential use of seagrasses by species. In depth studies are therefore needed to better understand the mechanisms behind the structuring of fish communities, fundamental for the maintenance of marine biodiversity.
Graphical abstract
Liberal Arts Graduates in the Labour Market: A Comparative Study of Dutch University Colleges and Conventional Bachelor’s Programmes
Authors: Kovačević Milan , Dekker Teun J. , van der Velden Rolf 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper compares the employment outcomes of liberal arts graduates from Dutch university colleges with those of their peers who pursued conventional, subject-specific bachelor’s degrees. Using data from the Dutch National Alumni Survey, the analysis includes 14,933 respondents who completed a master’s programme at a research university, with 210 of them holding a university college degree. Logistic, multinomial, and OLS regression analyses were performed on six labour market outcomes: employment status, time to first paid job, vertical match, horizontal match, vertical and horizontal match combination, and hourly wage from regular work. Propensity score matching was used as a robustness check. The results show that holding a university college degree is not associated with any distinct advantages or disadvantages in the job market. While a liberal arts bachelor’s degree has a negative effect on obtaining employment in STEM professions, no statistically significant differences, neither negative nor positive, were found in other outcomes. This suggests that university colleges do not lack the capacity to prepare students for the labour market.
Strong Gravitational Lensing as a Probe of Dark Matter
Authors: Vegetti S. , Birrer S. , Despali G. , Fassnacht C. D. , Gilman D. , Hezaveh Y. , Perreault Levasseur L. , McKean J. P. , Powell D. M. , O’Riordan C. M. , Vernardos G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDark matter structures within strong gravitational lens galaxies and along their lines of sight leave a gravitational imprint on the multiple images of lensed sources. Strong gravitational lensing provides, therefore, a key test of different dark matter models. In this article, we describe how galaxy-scale strong gravitational lensing observations are sensitive to the physical nature of dark matter. We provide an historical perspective of the field, and review its current status. We discuss the challenges and advances in terms of data, treatment of systematic errors and theoretical predictions, that will enable one to deliver a stringent and robust test of different dark matter models in the next decade. With the advent of the next generation of sky surveys, the number of known strong gravitational lens systems is expected to increase by several orders of magnitude. Coupled with high-resolution follow-up observations, these data will provide a key opportunity to constrain the properties of dark matter with strong gravitational lensing.
The weight of truth
Authors: Wei Xintong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBelief is said to be subject to a norm of truth. A norm, intuitively, tells us what we ought to or may do. What sort of claim can truth make on us? On one standard view, the truth norm of belief is obliging. One ought to believe the truth and truth only. On another view, the truth norm of belief is permissive. One may believe the truth and truth only. Recently, it has been argued that the truth norm plays no interesting role in our normative theorizing for it issues excessive, unsatisfiable claims. This paper defends the truth norm of belief and proposes a novel answer to the question concerning its normative force on a reason-based framework. I argue that the normative force of the truth norm depends on the weight of truth as a normative reason for belief, which, just like that of any other normative reason, may vary across different contexts. I develop the idea that the weight of truth as a reason for belief is conditioned by what an epistemic agent can or cannot believe and modified by epistemic risk, among other things.
Genotype classification and pathogenicity of infectious bursal disease virus circulating in vaccinated broiler chicken farms
Authors: Mosad Samah M. , Elsayed Mona M. , Hammad Enas M. , Hendam Basma M. , Ali Hanaa S. , Eladl Abdelfattah H. , Saif Mohamed A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the genotype classification and pathogenicity of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) circulating in vaccinated broiler chicken farms in Egypt. A total of 150 samples were collected from 30 vaccinated commercial broiler chicken farms and pooled into 30 working samples. IBDV was tested using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification of the hypervariable region of the viral protein 2 (hvVP2) and the VP1 gene 5’ extremity. Both RT-PCR fragments were sequenced from six samples, and then the obtained nucleotide sequences were analyzed. The IBDV genotypes were identified using nucleotide sequences. Five sequences of the six strains examined were classified as genotype A3B2 for the highly virulent segments A and B (vv-A/vv-B IBDV). Interestingly, this study identified and classified a novel segment-reassortant strain as the A1B2 genotype. Specifically, it involved the segment reassortment of classical virulent segment A (cv-A) with vv-B producing cv-A/vv-B reassortant IBDV. Subsequently, we compared the pathogenicity of reassortant (cv-A/vv-B) IBDV and vvIBDV strains identified in this study. Both strains developed typical IBD clinical signs, postmortem lesions, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and lesion scores, which were more severe in vvIBDV than reassortant IBDV. In conclusion, this is the first report of the genotype classification based on both genome segments (hvVP2 and VP1) with pathogenicity of IBDV circulating in vaccinated broiler chicken farms and this pathogenicity is more severe in vvIBDV strain than a novel reassortant IBDV strain.
Immunotherapy for Microsatellite-Stable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Can we close the Gap between Potential and Practice?
Authors: Hamid Marwa Abdel , Pammer Lorenz M. , Lentner Theresa K. , Doleschal Bernhard , Gruber Rebecca , Kocher Florian , Gasser Elisabeth , Jöbstl Anna , Seeber Andreas , Amann Arno 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review will explore various strategies to rendering MSS mCRCs susceptible to ICI. Moreover, we will provide an overview of potential biomarkers that may aid to better patient selection, and discuss ongoing efforts in this area of research.

Recent Findings
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the top three most common cancers worldwide. While significant advances in treatment strategies have improved the prognosis for patients in the early stages of the disease, treatment options for metastatic CRC (mCRC) remain limited. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized the treatment of several malignancies, its efficacy in mCRC is largely confined to patients exhibiting a high microsatellite instability status (MSI-H). However, the vast majority of mCRC patients do not exhibit a MSI-H, but are microsatellite stable (MSS). In these patients ICIs are largely ineffective.

Summary
So far, ICIs do not play a crucial role in patients with MSS mCRC, despite the promising data for inducing long-term remissions in other tumour entities. For this reason, novel treatment strategies are needed to overcome the primary resistance upon ICI in patients with MSS.