bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An RNAi screen for Aire cofactors reveals a role for Hnrnpl in polymerase release and Aire-activated ectopic transcription
Authors: Giraud Matthieu , Jmari Nada , Du Lina , Carallis Floriane , Nieland Thomas J. F. , Perez-Campo Flor M. , Bensaude Olivier , Root David E. , Hacohen Nir , Mathis Diane , Benoist Christophe 
Published: January 2014

Significance
The transcription factor Aire controls an unusual mode of transcriptional regulation, important to establish immune tolerance to self, which allows the ectopic expression in the thymic epithelium of RNA transcripts normally restricted to defined tissues. Through a genome-scale RNAi, we identify 51 functional partners of Aire, reaffirming a role for Aire in unleashing stalled transcription, interestingly through involvement of RNA processing factors.
ULASJ1234+0907: the reddest type 1 quasar at
z = 2.5
revealed in the X-ray and far-infrared
Authors: Banerji Manda , Fabian A. C. , McMahon R. G. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
We present Herschel and XMM–Newton observations of ULASJ1234+0907 (z = 2.503), the reddest broad-line type 1 quasar currently known with (i − K)AB &gt; 7.1. Herschel observations indicate that the quasar host is a hyperluminous infrared galaxy with a total infrared luminosity of log10(LIR/L⊙) = 13.90 ± 0.02. A greybody fit gives a dust temperature of Td = 60 ± 3 K assuming an emissivity index of β = 1.5, considerably higher than in submillimeter bright galaxies observed at similar redshifts. The star formation rate is estimated to be &gt;2000 M⊙ yr−1 even accounting for a significant contribution from an active galactic nucleus (AGN) component to the total infrared luminosity or requiring that only the far-infrared luminosity is powered by a starburst. XMM–Newton observations constrain the hard X-ray luminosity to be L2-10 keV = 1.3 × 1045 erg s−1, putting ULASJ1234+0907 among the brightest X-ray quasars known. Through very deep optical and near-infrared imaging of the field at subarcsecond seeing, we demonstrate that despite its extreme luminosity, it is highly unlikely that ULASJ1234+0907 is being lensed. We measure a neutral hydrogen column density of NH = 9.0 × 1021 cm−2 corresponding to AV ∼ 6. The observed properties of ULASJ1234+0907 – high luminosity and Eddington ratio, broad lines, moderate column densities and significant infrared emission from reprocessed dust – are similar to those predicted by galaxy formation simulations for the AGN blowout phase. The high Eddington ratio, combined with the presence of significant amounts of dust, is expected to drive strong outflows due to the effects of radiation pressure on dust.
Determinants of expression variability
Authors: Alemu Elfalem Y. , Carl Joseph W. , Corrada Bravo Héctor , Hannenhalli Sridhar 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The amount of tissue-specific expression variability (EV) across individuals is an essential characteristic of a gene and believed to have evolved, in part, under functional constraints. However, the determinants and functional implications of EV are only beginning to be investigated. Our analyses based on multiple expression profiles in 41 primary human tissues show that a gene’s EV is significantly correlated with a number of features pertaining to the genomic, epigenomic, regulatory, polymorphic, functional, structural and network characteristics of the gene. We found that (i) EV of a gene is encoded, in part, by its genomic context and is further influenced by the epigenome; (ii) strong promoters induce less variable expression; (iii) less variable gene loci evolve under purifying selection against copy number polymorphisms; (iv) genes that encode inherently disordered or highly interacting proteins exhibit lower variability; and (v) genes with less variable expression are enriched for house-keeping functions, while genes with highly variable expression tend to function in development and extra-cellular response and are associated with human diseases. Thus, our analysis reveals a number of potential mediators as well as functional and evolutionary correlates of EV, and provides new insights into the inherent variability in eukaryotic gene expression.
A tRNA splicing operon: Archease endows RtcB with dual GTP/ATP cofactor specificity and accelerates RNA ligation
Authors: Desai Kevin K. , Cheng Chin L. , Bingman Craig A. , Phillips George N. , Raines Ronald T. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Archease is a 16-kDa protein that is conserved in all three domains of life. In diverse bacteria and archaea, the genes encoding Archease and the tRNA ligase RtcB are localized into an operon. Here we provide a rationale for this operon organization by showing that Archease and RtcB from Pyrococcus horikoshii function in tandem, with Archease altering the catalytic properties of the RNA ligase. RtcB catalyzes the GTP and Mn(II)-dependent joining of either 2′,3′-cyclic phosphate or 3′-phosphate termini to 5′-hydroxyl termini. We find that catalytic concentrations of Archease are sufficient to activate RtcB, and that Archease accelerates both the RNA 3′-P guanylylation and ligation steps. In addition, we show that Archease can alter the NTP specificity of RtcB such that ATP, dGTP or ITP is used efficiently. Moreover, RtcB variants that have inactivating substitutions in the guanine-binding pocket can be rescued by the addition of Archease. We also present a 1.4 Å-resolution crystal structure of P. horikoshii Archease that reveals a metal-binding site consisting of conserved carboxylates located at the protein tip. Substitution of the Archease metal-binding residues drastically reduced Archease-dependent activation of RtcB. Thus, evolution has sought to co-express archease and rtcB by creating a tRNA splicing operon.
Diffraction stress analysis of highly planar-faulted, macroscopically elastically anisotropic thin films and application to tensilely loaded nanocrystalline Ni and Ni(W)
Authors: Kurz Silke Julia Birgit , Welzel Udo , Bischoff Ewald , Mittemeijer Eric Jan 
Published: January 2014

The presence of planar faults complicates the diffraction stress analysis enormously owing to fault-induced displacement, broadening and asymmetry of the Bragg reflections. A dedicated stress-analysis method has been developed for highly planar-faulted, fibre-textured thin films of cubic crystal symmetry, using only specific reflections for diffraction stress analysis. The effect of unjustified use of other reflections has been demonstrated in the course of application of the method to Ni and Ni(W) thin films exhibiting excessive faulting and subjected to (1) a planar, rotationally symmetric stress state and (2) a planar biaxial stress state. In case 1 the crystallite-group method has been used, whereas in case 2 the stress-analysis method based on X-ray stress factors had to be applied. The successful separation of stress- and fault-induced reflection displacements has enabled the investigation of the mechanical behaviour of Ni and Ni(W) thin films byin situstress measurements during tensile loading, thereby exposing pronounced stiffness and increased strength by alloying with W.
Effect of cationic order–disorder on the transport properties of LaBaCo2O6–δand La0.5Ba0.5CoO3–δperovskites
Authors: Garcés Diana , Setevich Cristian F. , Caneiro Alberto , Cuello Gabriel Julio , Mogni Liliana 
Published: January 2014

A-site cationic ordered LaBaCo2O6−δand disordered La0.5Ba0.5CoO3−δperovskite phases were obtained by solid state reaction. Their structural properties were studied at room temperature and 673 K, by combining powder diffraction techniques, X-ray diffraction and neutron powder diffraction with an independent determination of the oxygen content of the samples by thermogravimetry. La0.5Ba0.5CoO3−δexhibits cubic symmetry with cations randomly distributed, whereas LaBaCo2O6−δshows tetragonal symmetry with the La3+and Ba2+ions distributed in alternating layers. The diffraction data were analyzed using the Rietveld method and different structural and microstructural models. Bond valence and Fourier methods were used to determine bond distances and neutron/electron density maps. LaBaCo2O6−δexhibits a higher concentration of oxygen vacancies than La0.5Ba0.5CoO3−δ, because the O atom is weakly bonded to the LaO layers. The anisotropic atomic displacement and the neutron density distribution suggest a two-dimensional O-migration path for LaBaCo2O6−δand a three-dimensional path for La0.5Ba0.5CoO3−δ.The mechanism of electrical conductivity isviaelectron holes with high mobilities (μLa0.5Ba0.5CoO3−δ= 2.49 cm2 V−1 s−1and μLaBaCo2O6−δ= 1.48 cm2 V−1 s−1at room temperature) and low activation energy (EaLaBaCo2O6−δ = 0.019 eV andEaLa0.5Ba0.5CoO3−δ= 0.030 eV). It has also been found that the higher electronic and ionic conductivities in La0.5Ba0.5CoO3−δcompared to those in LaBaCo2O6−δare due to the higher dimensionality of transport and to greater overlapping between the Co 3dand O 2porbitals.
Alkaline phosphatase activity in United Kingdom cheeses made from bovine pasteurised milk
Authors: Cassidy Sharon , Daly Carole , Early John , Rowe Michael T 
Published: January 2014

The aim of this study was to assess the alkaline phosphatase activity of representative cheeses made from pasteurised milk in the United Kingdom. The results generated will contribute to similar data from other EU Member States to assess the efficacy of setting a legal standard of a maximum of 10 mU/g for such cheeses. The study indicated that UK cheeses had a probability of 97.68% of meeting such a standard. This is however probably an underestimate as one cheese was sprayed with honey which may harbour yeasts, some species of which produce the alkaline phosphatase enzyme, which may have skewed the statistical analysis.
Non‐invasive prenatal testing for trisomy 21: a cross‐sectional survey of service users' views and likely uptake
Authors: Lewis C , Hill M , Silcock C , Daley R , Chitty LS 
Published: January 2014

ObjectiveTo assess the views and likely uptake of non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for trisomy 21 among potential service users in the UK.DesignCross‐sectional survey.SettingFour antenatal clinics in England and two websites.SampleA total of 1131 women and partners.MethodsQuestionnaire conducted with women (and partners) recruited through antenatal clinics, a random sample of members of the website Mumsnet, and viewers of the website and Facebook page of the support group Antenatal Results and Choices (ARC).Main outcome measuresFactors impacting decision‐making towards prenatal testing; views on NIPT, including service delivery and likely uptake; hypothetical scenarios, focused on current screening, invasive testing, and NIPT offered to women with a high‐risk screening result.ResultsThe vast majority (95.7%; 1071/1119; 95% CI 94.4–96.8%) thought NIPT was a positive development in prenatal care, with 88.2% (972/1103; 95% CI 86.1–90%) indicating that they would use the test, including respondents who would currently decline trisomy 21 screening (P < 0.001). Of the respondents who would have NIPT, 30.7% (299/973; 95% CI = 27.8–33.7%) said that they were ‘likely’ to terminate an affected pregnancy (including those who would currently decline screening or invasive testing), and 36.5% (355/973; 95% CI 33.5–39.6%) were ‘not likely’ to terminate an affected pregnancy. Respondents overwhelmingly indicated that safety for the baby was the most important attribute of NIPT (70.1%; 712/1015; 95% CI 67.2–73%).ConclusionRespondents were overwhelmingly positive towards the introduction of NIPT. Uptake is likely to be high, and includes women who currently decline screening as well as those who will use the test for information only. Pre‐test counselling to ensure that women understand the implications of the test result is essential.
Knowledge of café and restaurant managers to provide a safe meal to food allergic consumers
Authors: Wham Carol A. , Sharma Kanchan M. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractAimTo identify knowledge of café and restaurant managers to provide safe meals to food allergic consumers.MethodsA structured self‐administered knowledge questionnaire was completed by managers of 124 food establishments in Wellington, New Zealand.ResultsThree quarters (76%) of managers agreed to participate. Overall, 13% of respondents provided correct responses for all knowledge items. Most (93%) were very confident/confident to provide a safe meal to food allergic consumers and 64% very confident/confident to manage an allergen emergency. A quarter reported past training in food allergy management. Those with past training were more likely to have plans in place to provide a safe meal (14.8% vs. 3.4%; χ2 =2.918, P < 0.05), manage an emergency (37.8% vs 21.8%; χ2 = 2.158, P < 0.05) and to have a training program for staff (42.9% vs 8.8%; χ2 = 15.419, P < 0.001). Restaurant managers were more likely to have an emergency plan than café managers (33.3% vs 14.9%; χ2 = 3.974, P < 0.01). Two‐thirds (65%) of managers kept written recipes with ingredient details. Recipes were more likely kept if member of an industry association versus non‐member (81.6% vs 60.4%; χ2 = 4.332, P < 0.01). Seventy‐seven per cent were interested in future training. Interest was greater among industry association members (98.0% vs 83.7%; χ2 = 4.317, P < 0.02) and owners compared to managers (81.3% vs 71.7%; χ2 = 5.901, P < 0.02).ConclusionsFood allergy knowledge of food establishment managers may compromise the safety of food allergic customers. Positive benefits of voluntary manager training are evident. For robust consumer protection, it is suggested that training be incorporated into the registration requirements for food establishments.
Magnetic resonance imaging in adults with epilepsy: A pictorial essay
Authors: van Heerden Jolandi , Desmond Patricia M. , Tress Brian M. , Kwan Patrick , O'Brien Terence J. , Lui Elaine H. 
Published: January 2014

SummaryThis pictorial essay highlights the role of the radiologist as a member of the adult epilepsy multidisciplinary team, and gives an overview of MRI‐evident epileptogenic lesions.
Diagnostic dilemma of paraneoplastic arthritis: case series
Authors: Kisacik Bunyamin , Onat Ahmet M. , Kasifoglu Timucin , Pehlivan Yavuz , Pamuk Omer N. , Dalkilic Ediz , Donmez Salim , Bilge Sule Y. , Yilmaz Sedat , Erdem Hakan , Mercan Ridvan , Ozturk Mehmet A. , Bes Cemal , Soy Mehmet , Erten Sukran , Cobankara Veli , Senel Soner , Oner Fatma A. , Direskeneli Haner , Yilmaz Sema , Yazici Ayten , Emmungil Hakan , Aksu Kenan , Kul Seval , Cetin Gozde Y. , Sayarlioglu Mehmet 
Published: January 2014

AbstractObjectivesParaneoplastic arthritis (PA) may mimic rheumatic diseases. While presenting the demographic and laboratory features of the patients diagnosed with PA, this study also aims to provide possible appropriate tools to differentiate the PA cases from early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA).MethodsSixty‐five patients with PA (male/female: 43/22) from 15 different rheumatology clinics and 50 consecutive patients with ERA (male/female: 13/37) fulfilling the 2010 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for the diagnosis if the RA from Gaziantep Rheumatology Early Arthritis Trial (GREAT) as controls who were diagnosed at least 12 months before, were enrolled into study.ResultsMean ages of the patients with PA and ERA were 50.2 ± 15.3, and 42.7 ± 12.3, respectively, and the mean ages of the patients with PA were significantly higher than the ERA. Unlike the ERA patients, in our case series PA was predominantly observed among males. Oligoarthritis was significantly higher in solid tumors in contrast to ERA (P = 0.001). Polyarthritis and symmetric arthritis were significantly higher in the ERA group in contrast to all malignancies (P = 0.001). Rheumatoid factor (RF) and anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti‐CCP) positivity were significantly higher in the ERA group (each P = 0.001). Lactic dehydrogenase levels of hematologic malignancies were significantly higher than other groups (each, P = 0.001).ConclusionsERA patients had more symmetric joint involvement than PA; laboratory markers could be also an alternative where there is high RF and anti‐CCP positivity with antibody levels among the ERA patients. Finally, the demographic features can be used as differentiating factors; ERA was seen predominantly among females aged 40–59 years which refers to young adults.
The use of epidural analgesia for intrapartum pain relief in publicly funded healthcare
Authors: RÄISÄNEN SARI , KOKKI MERJA , KOKKI HANNU , GISSLER MIKA , KRAMER MICHAEL R. , HEINONEN SEPPO 
Published: January 2014

BackgroundEpidural analgesia is the most effective way to relieve pain during birth. In a population‐based case–control study, we evaluated whether socioeconomic status (SES) affects the use of epidural analgesia for intrapartum pain relief in publicly funded health care.MethodsData gathered from the Finnish Medical Birth Register included all singleton births (n = 521,179) in 2000–2010. The likelihood of receiving epidural analgesia according to vaginal birth order, socio‐demographic factors and delivery characteristics was determined by using logistic regression analysis.ResultsOverall, 66.6% of women with first vaginal births and 22.4% of women with second or subsequent vaginal births had epidural analgesia. The use of epidural analgesia was associated with several factors, such as post‐term pregnancy, gestational diabetes, maternal diabetes mellitus, single marital status, smoking, depression and fear of childbirth, induction, high birth weight and giving birth by vacuum extraction regardless of vaginal birth order. Epidural use did not vary substantially by SES in first vaginal births, but a minor difference was found in second or subsequent vaginal births. The prevalence of epidural analgesia was 3% [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.97, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.93–1.00] and 13% (aOR 0.87, 95% CI 0.83–0.90) lower among lower white‐collar workers and blue‐collar workers, respectively, compared with upper white‐collar workers.ConclusionsIn Finland, the use of epidural analgesia for intrapartum pain relief reflected clinical indications and did not substantially vary by SES regardless of vaginal birth order. This could be considered as an important indicator measuring health equality.
A systematic review of controlled interventions to reduce overweight and obesity in people with schizophrenia
Authors: Hjorth P. , Davidsen A. S. , Kilian R. , Skrubbeltrang C. 
Published: January 2014

ObjectiveOverweight and obesity are generally found among patients with schizophrenia. This may lead to serious implications for health and wellbeing. The aim was to review controlled intervention studies on reducing overweight/obesity and/or reducing physical illness in patients with schizophrenia.MethodA systematic literature search was carried out in the bibliographic databases PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase (Ovid), PsycInfo (Ovid) and Cinahl (Ebsco). We included all randomised and non‐randomised clinically controlled studies that compared a non‐pharmacological intervention, aimed at weight reduction and/or reducing physical illness, with standard care for patients with schizophrenia.ResultsAll 1713 references were evaluated for inclusion in the review. Twenty‐three met the inclusion criteria and were categorised into four subgroups according to tested interventions: diet, exercise and cognitive behavioural therapy, or mixed combinations of the three. In this review, interventions showed efficacy in reducing weight and improving physical health parameters confirming that physical health improvement was possible in patients with schizophrenia.ConclusionThe included studies indicate that the interventions reduced weight and improved physical health parameters in patients with schizophrenia.
Digging into the Creative City: A Feminist Critique
Authors: McLean Heather 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis paper contributes a critical and intersectional feminist analysis and methodological approach to debates about creative city policies and practices. Through a narrative description of community‐engaged arts interventions based on action research with the Toronto Free Gallery, an artist‐run centre and activist space, I demonstrate how feminist arts activism uncovers the multiple exclusions that creative city policies and practices entrench. In some ways, community‐engaged arts interventions can be complicit in exclusionary gentrification dynamics, particularly the production of spaces of white privilege and heteronormativity. But neoliberal imperatives are not always over determining. Feminist artists and activists are also finding ways to performatively and playfully push back at this highly regulated, gendered, and raced regime.
Urinary coproporphyrin I/(I + III) ratio as a surrogate for MRP2 or other transporter activities involved in methotrexate clearance
Authors: Benz‐de Bretagne Isabelle , Zahr Noël , Le Gouge Amélie , Hulot Jean‐Sébastien , Houillier Caroline , Hoang‐Xuan Khe , Gyan Emmanuel , Lissandre Séverine , Choquet Sylvain , Le Guellec Chantal 
Published: January 2014

AimsThe urinary coproporphyrin I/(I + III) ratio may be a surrogate for MRP2 activity. We conducted a prospective study in patients receiving methotrexate (MTX) to examine the relationship between this ratio and the pharmacokinetics of a MRP2 substrate.MethodsThree urine samples were collected from 81 patients for UCP I/(I + III) ratio determination: one before (P1), one at the end of MTX infusion (P2), and one on the day of hospital discharge (P3). Three polymorphisms of ABCC2 were analysed and their relationships with basal UCP I/(I + III) ratio values assessed. All associated drugs were recorded and a drug interaction score (DIS) was assigned. Population pharmacokinetic analysis was conducted to assess whether MTX clearance (MTXCL) was associated with the basal UCP I/(I + III) ratio, its variation during MTX infusion, the DIS or other common covariates.ResultsThe basal UCP I/(I + III) ratio was not associated with ABCC2 polymorphisms and did not differ according to the DIS. Significant changes in the ratio were observed over time, with an increase between P1 and P2 and a decrease at P3 (P < 0.001). No association was found between basal UCP I/(I + III) ratio and MTXCL. The final model indicates that MTXCL was dependent on the change in the ratio between P1 and P3, DIS and creatinine clearance.ConclusionThe basal UCP I/(I + III) ratio is not predictive of MTXCL. However, it is sensitive to the presence of MTX, so it is plausible that it reflects a function modified in response to the drug.