bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep deprivation and obesity in shift workers in southern Brazil
Authors: Canuto Raquel , Pattussi Marcos Pascoal , Macagnan Jamile Block Araldi , Henn Ruth Liane , Olinto Maria Teresa Anselmo 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of our study was to explore the association between sleep deprivation and obesity among shift workers.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted. Obesity was defined as BMI ≥30 kg/m2. Time of sleep was categorized as: >5 h of continuous sleep/d; ≤5 h of continuous sleep/d with some additional rest (sleep deprivation level I); and ≤5 h of continuous sleep/d without any additional rest (sleep deprivation level II). Sociodemographic, parental and behavioural variables were evaluated by means of a standardized pre-tested questionnaire. Potential confounding factors were controlled for in the multivariable model.SettingA poultry-processing plant in southern Brazil.SubjectsNine hundred and five shift workers (63 % female).ResultsObesity was more prevalent in the participants who were female, aged 40 years and older, who had less schooling and reported excess weight in both parents. Sleep deprivation levels I and II were associated with increased income, number of meals consumed throughout the day and nightshift work. All of the workers who exhibited a degree of sleep deprivation worked the night shift. After controlling for potential confounding factors, the prevalence ratios of obesity were 1·4 (95 % CI 0·8, 2·2) and 4·4 (95 % CI 2·4, 8·0) in the workers with sleep deprivation levels I and II, respectively, compared with the reference group.ConclusionsThese results show a strong association between sleep deprivation and obesity in shift workers and that sleep deprivation may be a direct consequence of working at night.
The relationship between the timing of a palliative care consult and utilization outcomes for ventilator-assisted intensive care unit patients
Authors: Pereira Salonie , Kozikowski Andrzej , Pekmezaris Renee , Sunday Suzanne , Mir Tanveer , Saad Maha , Corrado Lauren , Wolf-Klein Gisele 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObjective:Given the great number of chronic care patients facing the end of life and the challenges of critical care delivery, there has been emerging evidence supporting the benefit of palliative care in the intensive care unit (ICU). We studied the relationship between the timing of a palliative care consult (PCC) and two utilization outcomes — length of stay (LOS) and pharmacy costs — in ventilator-assisted ICU patients.Method:A retrospective chart review was conducted (N = 90). Summed pharmacy costs were compared using a paired t test before and after PCC. Spearman correlations were performed between days to PCC and ICU LOS, ventilator days, and days to death following ventilator discontinuation.Results:Number of days from admission to PCC was correlated with total days on ventilator (ρ = 0.685, p < 0.0001) and total ICU LOS (ρ = 0.654, p < 0.0001). Number of days to PCC was correlated with pre-PCC total medication costs (ρ = 0.539, p < 0.0001). Median medication costs were significantly reduced after the PCC (p < 0.0001), from $230.96 to 30.62. Median medication costs decreased for all categories except for analgesics, antiemetics, and opioids. The number of patients receiving opioid infusion increased (37 vs. 90%) after PCC (p < 0.0001).Significance of results:Earlier timing for PCC in the ICU is associated with a lower LOS through quicker mechanical ventilation (MV) withdrawal, presenting a unique opportunity to both decrease costs and improve patient care.
Objective Quantification of Pre- and Postphonosurgery Vocal Fold Vibratory Characteristics Using High-Speed Videoendoscopy and a Harmonic Waveform Model
Authors: Ikuma Takeshi , Kunduk Melda , McWhorter Andrew J. 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
The model-based quantitative analysis of high-speed videoendoscopy (HSV) data at a low frame rate of 2,000 frames per second was assessed for its clinical adequacy. Stepwise regression was employed to evaluate the HSV parameters using harmonic models and their relationships to the Voice Handicap Index (VHI). Also, the model-based HSV parameters were compared with those using conventional analysis techniques.

Method

Eight pairs of HSV recordings of vocal folds before and after surgery for benign lesions were investigated. Five glottal area waveform features—fundamental frequency (F0), open quotient (OQ), speed index (SI), relative glottal gap (RGG), and harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR)—were measured using model-based and conventional approaches. The statistical analyses were conducted on the mean (
M
) and standard deviation (
SD
) of the feature measurements over 1 s during sustained phonation.

Results

Two model-based HSV parameters, OQ
M
(ρ = .67) and HNR
M
(ρ = −.56), were selected and explained 55% of the VHI variation. The conventional techniques yielded a regression model with OQ
SD
(ρ = −.60) and F0
SD
(ρ = .44), explaining 61% of the VHI variation.

Conclusions
Although the selected model-based HSV parameters explained less variation in the VHI than the conventionally computed HSV parameters, the behaviors of the model-based parameters were more consistent with expectations and theory than the conventional analysis techniques.
Videofluoroscopic Investigation of Body Position on Articulatory Positioning
Authors: Bae Youkyung , Perry Jamie L. , Kuehn David P. 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
To quantitatively examine the effects of body position on the positioning of the epiglottis, tongue, and velum at rest and during speech.

Method
Videofluoroscopic data were obtained from 12 healthy adults in the supine and upright positions at rest and during speech while the participants produced 12 VCV sequences. The effects of body position, target sounds, and adjacent sounds on structural positioning and vowel formant structure were investigated.

Results
Velar retropositioning in the supine position was the most consistent pattern observed at rest. During speech, all structures, with varying degrees of adjustment, appeared to work against the gravitational pull, resulting in no significant narrowing in the oro- and nasopharyngeal regions while in the supine position. Minimal differences in the formant data between the body positions were also observed. Overall, structural positioning was significantly dependent on the target and adjacent sounds regardless of body position.

Conclusions
The present study demonstrated that structural positioning in response to gravity varied across individuals based on the type of activities being performed. With varying degrees of positional adjustment across different structures, fairly consistent articulatory positioning in the anterior–posterior dimension was maintained in different body positions during speech.
Barium Versus Nonbarium Stimuli: Differences in Taste Intensity, Chemesthesis, and Swallowing Behavior in Healthy Adult Women
Authors: Nagy Ahmed , Steele Catriona M. , Pelletier Cathy A. 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
The authors examined the impact of barium on the perceived taste intensity of 7 different liquid tastant stimuli and the modulatory effect that these differences in perceived taste intensity have on swallowing behaviors.

Method
Participants were 80 healthy women, stratified by age group (<40; >60) and genetic taste status (supertasters; nontasters). Perceived taste intensity and chemesthetic properties (fizziness; burning–stinging) were rated for 7 tastant solutions (each prepared with and without barium) using the general Labeled Magnitude Scale. Tongue-palate pressures and submental surface electromyography (sEMG) were simultaneously measured during swallowing of these same randomized liquids. Path analysis differentiated the effects of stimulus, genetic taste status, age, barium condition, taste intensity, and an effortful saliva swallow strength covariate on swallowing.

Results
Barium stimuli were rated as having reduced taste intensity compared with nonbarium stimuli. Barium also dampened fizziness but did not influence burning–stinging sensation. The amplitudes of tongue-palate pressure or submental sEMG did not differ when swallowing barium versus nonbarium stimuli.

Conclusions
Despite impacting taste intensity, the addition of barium to liquid stimuli does not appear to alter behavioral parameters of swallowing. Barium solutions can be considered to elicit behaviors that are similar to those used with nonbarium liquids outside the assessment situation.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6170447
The Paternalist Meets His Match
Authors: Lusk Jayson L. , Marette Stephan , Norwood F. Bailey 
Published: October 2013

AbstractDespite the frequent arguments that findings from behavioral economics experiments justify paternalism, there is scant evidence of how people (the paternalists) make decisions for others or how the recipients of paternalism (the paternalees) respond to decisions made for them. Using data from over 300 people recruited from two cities in the United States and France, we study how choices between a relatively healthy item (apples) and a relatively unhealthy item (cookies) are influenced by one's role as either the paternalist or the paternalee. We find that after being provided information on nutritional content, but not before, paternalists make healthier choices for the paternalees than for themselves. Surprisingly, prior to being provided information, paternalees desire healthier choices than they expect the paternalists to give, a phenomenon that seems to arise from a type of egotism where individuals believe they make healthier choices than everyone else. Results in both locations reveal that more than 75% of paternalees prefer their own choices compared to the ones made for them by the paternalists, and are willing to pay non‐trivial amounts to have their own choices. Any intrinsic value people place on the freedom of choice must be weighed against whatever benefits might arise from paternalistic policies, and consequently the scope for paternalism may be narrower than is often purported.
‘A place for men to come and do their thing’: constructing masculinities in betting shops in London
Authors: Cassidy Rebecca 
Published: October 2013

AbstractDuring fieldwork conducted with workers and customers in betting shops in London research participants consistently conceptualized betting shops as masculine spaces in contrast to the femininity of other places including home and the bingo hall. According to this argument, betting on horses and dogs was ‘men's business’ and betting shops were ‘men's worlds’. Two explanations were offered to account for this situation. The first suggested that betting was traditionally a pastime enjoyed by men rather than women. The second was that betting is intrinsically more appealing to men because it is based on calculation and measurement, and women prefer more intuitive, simpler challenges. I use interviews with older people to describe how the legalisation of betting in cash in 1961 changed the geography of betting. I then draw upon interviews with regular customers in order to show how knowledge about betting is shared within rather than between genders. Finally, I use my experience of training and working as a cashier to describe how the particular hegemonic masculinity found in betting shops in London is maintained through myriad everyday practices which reward certain kinds of gendered performances while at the same time suppressing alternatives. The article shows how particular spaces may become gendered as an unanticipated consequence of legislation and how contingent gendered associations are both naturalized and, at the same time, subjected to intense attention.
Effects of CBRN Decontaminants in Common use by First Responders on the Recovery of Latent Fingerprints—Assessment of the Loss of Ridge Detail on Glass
Authors: Zuidberg Matthijs C. , van Woerkom Tiest , de Bruin Karla G. , Stoel Reinoud D. , de Puit Marcel 
Published: October 2013

AbstractFollowing a CBRN incident, first responders use decontamination procedures to reduce the risk of exposure. The effect of decontamination on forensic trace material has, however, not been fully examined. This study sought to evaluate the effect of five different physical or chemical decontamination materials on the recovery of latent fingerprints. Fingerprints were deposited on glass slides, decontaminated, and assessed on the presence of ridge detail. The results demonstrate that decontamination affects the quality of latent fingerprints substantially. On at least 61% of the fingerprints, a reduced amount of ridge detail was observed upon decontamination. Furthermore, development with cyanoacrylate appeared not to succeed anymore. Instead, the ability of vacuum metal deposition to successfully develop decontaminated fingerprints is demonstrated. The results from this study may contribute to an increased forensic awareness regarding decontamination and emphasize the necessity for further research into new item decontamination procedures or new forensic initiatives prior to decontamination.
Functional gastrointestinal disorders in patients with familial Mediterranean fever
Authors: Börekci Elif , Celikbilek Mehmet , Soytürk Müjde , Akar Servet , Börekci Hasan , Günaydin Ilhan 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAimFamilial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive autoinflammatory disease characterised by recurrent episodes of fever and polyserositis. To date, insufficient data regarding the prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional dyspepsia (FD) have been reported in patients with FMF. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in patients with FMF.MethodsThis study included 122 patients with FMF and a control group of 122 healthy volunteers who were similar with respect to age and sex. Clinical data were collected and gastrointestinal complaints were evaluated according to the Rome III criteria.ResultsIBS was found in 18% of the patients and 10.7% of the controls (P > 0.05). Dyspepsia was reported in 37.7% of the patients and 35.2% of the controls. Constipation was significantly higher in the control group (15.6% vs. 7.4%, P = 0.045), whereas diarrhoea was reported significantly more often in patients with FMF (P = 0.001).ConclusionsIBS and dyspepsia were not increased in patients with FMF, whereas diarrhoea was more frequently reported.
Three‐point suture anchor repair of traumatic sternoclavicular joint dislocation
Authors: O'Reilly‐Harbidge Sarah C. , Balogh Zsolt J. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundTraumatic dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) is a rare injury. Previous techniques are associated with hardware migration, loss of reduction and infectious complications. We aim to describe our preferred surgical technique and summarize our experience with three‐point suture technique of acute SCJ dislocation (SCJD). The objective of this study was to describe and assess the safety of three‐point suture anchor repair technique in acute traumatic dislocation in the SCJ.MethodsA 7‐year retrospective study in a university affiliated level 1 trauma centre. Operative cases and the trauma registry was reviewed to identify all potential cases of SCJD between 2005 and 2011. Inclusion criteria for this study were computed tomography (CT) identification of Allman III SCJD, intra‐operative confirmation of the CT findings, acute fixation defined as <7 days and surgical management with three‐point suture anchor technique. Chronic cases, suspected SCJDs without CT confirmation, physeal injuries and other surgical techniques were excluded.ResultsEight patients met inclusion criteria. The patients were aged 16–46 years (mean age 24 years). Two primary surgeons were involved and time to surgery ranging from day of presentation to day 6 post injury. No loss to follow‐up with clinical examinations and imaging being attended at 2 and 6 weeks, and 3 months. Average follow‐up was 10.75 ± 5.30 months (3–18 months). All patients had uncomplicated post‐operative course, with no evidence of respiratory compromise, swallowing difficulties during admission. In outpatient documentation there was no failure of hardware and no issues documented with regards to chronic pain or range of movement limitations secondary to pain. There have been no representations because of complications out to 6 years.ConclusionsThis series supports the safety of the three‐point suture anchor technique in the acute stabilization of SCJD. The technique is demonstrated as a safe, effective and reproducible method of SCJ fixation.
7 Settlement, Territory, and the Political Landscape of Late Bronze Age Polities in the Northern Levant
Authors: Casana Jesse 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTBy bringing together analysis of cuneiform texts and archaeological settlement data, I offer new perspectives on the spatial and territorial dimensions of polities in the northern Levant during the mid to late second millennium B.C.E. Settlement data suggest that a highly nucleated pattern of occupation at tell sites remained dominant and remarkably stable throughout the period, perhaps driven by hierarchically organized systems of land rights. In contrast, historical data show a complex and dynamic tapestry of changing territorial institutions, moving from a system of fragmented, spatially discontinuous polities in the earlier second millennium to one characterized by increasingly territorial states in later centuries. Results show how rapidly notions of territoriality might have changed in the past and highlight the fundamental importance of studies that integrate archaeological and historical data in efforts to understand the spatiality of ancient states. [Near East, Amuq, settlement, Hittites, Amorites]
8 Geographies of Power: Territoriality and Empire during the Mesopotamian Iron Age
Authors: Parker Bradley J. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTThis chapter synthesizes archaeological, textual, and ethnohistorical data from or pertaining to the Mesopotamian Iron Age to reconceptualize the nature of the territoriality of the Neo‐Assyrian Empire. Instead of seeing the Neo‐Assyrian Empire as a monolithic political unit, I show that it was an expansionist state that applied varying degrees of power over conquered landscapes. In describing what I call the “geographies” of Assyrian power, I utilize a modified version of D'Altroy's territorial‐hegemonic continuum to model the broader implications of these geographies for a more nuanced understanding of the spatiality of empire. [archaeology, Assyrian Empire, imperialism, territory, hegemonic power]
In vitro validation of an ultra‐sensitive scanning fluorescence microscope for analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells
Authors: Hillig Thore , Nygaard Ann‐Britt , Nekiunaite Laura , Klingelhöfer Jörg , Sölétormos György 
Published: October 2013

Analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTC) holds promise of providing liquid biopsies from patients with cancer. However, current methods include enrichment procedures. We present a method (CytoTrack®), where CTC from 7.5 mL of blood is stained, analyzed and counted by a scanning fluorescence microscope. The method was validated by breast cancer cells (MCF‐7) spiked in blood from healthy donors. The number of cells spiked in each blood sample was exactly determined by cell sorter and performed in three series of three samples spiked with 10, 33 or 100 cells in addition with three control samples for each series. The recovery rate of 10, 33 and 100 tumor cells in a blood sample was 55%, 70% and 78%, percent coefficient of variation (CV%) for samples was 59%, 32% and 18%, respectively. None of the control samples contained CTC. In conclusion, the method has been validated to highly sensitively detect breast cancer cells in spiking experiments and should be tested on blood samples from breast cancer patients. The method could benefit from automation that could reduce the CV%, and further optimization of the procedure to increase the recovery.
BMP4 promotes vascularization of human adipose stromal cells and endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Zhou C. , Cai X. , Grottkau B. E. , Lin Y. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObjectivesVascularization is a major obstacle to clinical application of regenerative medicine. Engineered tissues must be able to generate an early vascular network that can quickly connect with the host vasculature. Recent research demonstrates that natural adipose tissues contain abundant stromal cells, which can give rise to pericytes. In this study, we aimed to investigate the application of human adipose stromal cells (ASCs) to vascularization, and the function of BMP4 protein during vascularization.Materials and methodsImmunofluorescence staining for α‐SMA and PDGFR‐β were utilized to identify characteristics of ASCs/pericytes. They were then loaded into a collagen‐fibronectin gel with endothelial cells to assess their vascularization ability, both in vitro and in vivo.ResultsWe showed that the ASCs expressed some of the essential markers of pericytes and they were able to promote vascularization with endothelial cells in 3D culture, both in vitro and in vivo. BMP4 protein further promoted this vascularization.ConclusionAdipose stromal cells promoted vascularization by endothelial cells and BMP4 protein further enhanced this effect.
Chlorpromazine for the Treatment of Migraine in a Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Kanis Jessica M. , Timm Nathan L. 
Published: October 2013

BackgroundMigraine headache is a common presenting condition to the pediatric emergency department (PED). Dopamine receptor antagonists, such as prochlorperazine and metoclopramide, serve as the primary treatment for migraine headache in many emergency departments; however, in 2012, our institution experienced a shortage of these drugs, resulting in the use of alternative medications. Chlorpromazine was included as an option for treatment at our institution during this shortage, although limited data exist on the effectiveness in children.ObjectiveThe objectives of this study were: (1) to compare the treatment failure rate of chlorpromazine in the treatment of migraine headache in youth presenting to the PED with those who received prochlorperazine; and (2) to identify the frequency and type of adverse events, and change in pain score.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of patients 12‐21 years of age treated for migraine headache in our emergency department. Our treatment group received intravenous chlorpromazine between February and April 2012, while the comparison group consisted of children treated with intravenous prochlorperazine between February and April 2011. The outcomes of interest were: (1) treatment failure, defined as need for additional therapy, hospitalization or 48‐hour return; (2) adverse reactions to drug therapy; and (3) change in pain score.ResultsThis study yielded 75 patients in the treatment group and 274 in the comparison group. Forty percent (30/75) of the treatment group had treatment failure compared with 15% (41/274) of the comparison group. There was no difference in mean change in pain score between the groups. The most common adverse effects included hypotension in the treatment group (12%) and akathisia in the comparison group (12%).ConclusionsThis is the first study that has examined the use of chlorpromazine as a therapy in pediatric migraines. Abortive therapy for migraine headache in the PED with chlorpromazine is associated with greater need for rescue medication and hospitalization, and higher rates of hypotension.