bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biocompatibility and biomechanical analysis of elastic TPU threads as new suture material
Authors: Vogels Ruben R. M. , Lambertz Andreas , Schuster Philipp , Jockenhoevel Stefan , Bouvy Nicole D. , Disselhorst‐Klug Catherine , Neumann Ulf P. , Klinge Uwe , Klink Christian D. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractHigh suture tension is one of the causes for many wound‐healing problems. Constriction of tissue within the suture loops of nonelastic sutures can lead to cutting of the suture through tissues and necrosis of the tissue within these loops. The use of elastic materials in new suture types could give the material the ability to adapt tension to the tissue requirements and subsequently lead to more vital tissue within its loops. We evaluated the foreign body host response, as indicator of biocompatibility, to a new thermoplastic poly(carbonate) urethane (TPU) synthetic suture material in a rat model compared with standard nonelastic polypropylene (PP) sutures. Tissue samples were collected at 7 and 21 days, and host response was evaluated. Subsequently, suture tension curves of the new elastic sutures for the first 30 min after knotting were recorded in a pig model. The new TPU sutures showed an improved foreign body response when compared with that of PP, with a reduction in the amount of macrophages surrounding the material. Tension experiments showed a superior tension curve for TPU sutures, with a major reduction in peak suture tension when compared with that of standard PP sutures, while still retaining adequate tension after 30 min. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 99–106, 2017.
Bioactive glass plus laser phototherapy as promise candidates for dentine hypersensitivity treatment
Authors: Lopez Talita Christine Camilo , Diniz Ivana Márcia Alves , Ferreira Leila Soares , Marchi Juliana , Borges Roger , de Cara Sueli Patricia Harumi Miyagi , D'Almeida‐Couto Roberta , Marques Márcia Martins 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTreatments for dentine hypersensitivity (DH) may produce positive effects, though do not have lasting results. We investigated the reparative potential of stem cells derived from deciduous teeth (SHEDs) in response to components delivered from substances used in the treatment of the DH, associated or not to laser phototherapy (LPT), to stimulate dentine formation. SHEDs were submitted to substances delivered from a laboratorial P‐rich bioactive glass [57SiO2−26CaO‐17P2O5 (wt %)] or a commercially available desensitizer (Gluma® Desensitizer), associated (or not) to LPT (InGAlP diode laser, 660 nm, 0.028 cm2, 20 mW, 5 J/cm2, 7 s, contact mode). Biomaterial characterization was performed by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and the particle size was evaluated by dynamic light scattering. SHEDs proliferation and differentiation were analyzed by MTT and Alizarin Red staining, respectively. The conditioned media used in these tests were evaluated regarding their pH and the ionic concentration changes due to ions leached from the bioactive glass (BG). BG majority presented a non‐crystalline solid structure and mixed particle sizes characterized by the agglomeration of nanoparticles. Cultures treated with BG alone or in association to LPT showed improved cell growth in relation to Gluma® (p < 0.05). Gluma® was cytotoxic in all tested conditions, regardless irradiated or not. BG associated to LPT induced intense mineral matrix formation. In conclusion, BG releases ionic dissolution products able to promote SHEDs differentiation. BG associated to LPT improves SHEDs proliferation and differentiation in vitro, and may be a promise therapeutic approach for the DH treatment. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 107–116, 2017.
Control of hydroxyapatite coating by self‐assembled monolayers on titanium and improvement of osteoblast adhesion
Authors: Shen Juan , Qi Yongcheng , Jin Bo , Wang Xiaoyan , Hu Yamin , Jiang Qiying 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTSelf‐assembly technique was applied to introduce functional groups and form hydroxyl‐, amine‐, and carboxyl‐terminal self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs). The SAMs were grafted onto titanium substrates to obtain a molecularly smooth functional surface. Subsequent hydrothermal crystal growth formed homogeneous and crack‐free crystalline hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings on these substrates. AFM and XPS were used to characterize the SAM surfaces, and XRD, SEM, and TEM were used to characterize the HA coatings. Results show that highly crystalline, dense, and oriented HA coatings can be formed on the OH–, NH2–, and COOH–SAM surfaces. The SAM surface with –COOH exhibited stronger nucleating ability than that with –OH and –NH2. The nucleation and growth processes of HA coatings were effectively controlled by varying reaction time, pH, and temperature. By using this method, highly crystalline, dense, and adherent HA coatings were obtained. In addition, in vitro cell evaluation demonstrated that HA coatings improved cell adhesion as compared with pristine titanium substrate. The proposed method is considerably effective in introducing the HA coatings on titanium surfaces for various biomedical applications and further usage in other industries. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 124–135, 2017.
The impact of a cancer diagnosis on health and well‐being: a prospective, population‐based study
Authors: Williams Kate , Jackson Sarah E. , Beeken Rebecca J. , Steptoe Andrew , Wardle Jane 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectiveLittle is known about the trajectory of health and well‐being from before to after a cancer diagnosis. This study aimed to examine changes in health and well‐being across three time points (0–2 years before a cancer diagnosis, 0–2 years post‐diagnosis and 2–4 years post‐diagnosis) in individuals receiving a new cancer diagnosis, and at matched time points in a cancer‐free comparison group.MethodsData were from waves 1–6 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Repeated‐measures ANOVAs were used to examine differences in self‐rated health, mobility impairments, activities of daily living impairments, quality of life, depressive symptoms and life satisfaction by group and time, and group‐by‐time interactions.ResultsOf the 4565 participants with data from three time points, 444 (9.7%) reported a new cancer diagnosis. Those in the cancer group reported poorer self‐rated health (p < .001), quality of life (p < .001) and life satisfaction (p < .01) than participants in the comparison group, and a higher proportion reported depressive symptoms (p < .001) and impairments in mobility (p < .001) and activities of daily living (p < .001). All markers of health and well‐being worsened significantly over time. The group‐by‐time interaction was significant for self‐rated health (p < .001), with a greater decline in health over time in the cancer group.ConclusionsCancer survivors in this sample had poorer health and well‐being than those with no diagnosis, and self‐rated health deteriorated more rapidly following a cancer diagnosis. Screening for these factors around the time of a cancer diagnosis could allow for interventions to be targeted effectively and improve the health and well‐being of cancer survivors. © 2015 The Authors. Psycho‐Oncology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Crystal structure of the Legionella pneumophila lem10 effector reveals a new member of the HD protein superfamily
Authors: Morar Mariya , Evdokimova Elena , Chang Changsoo , Ensminger Alexander W. , Savchenko Alexei 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTLegionella pneumophila, the intracellular pathogen that can cause severe pneumonia known as Legionnaire's disease, translocates close to 300 effectors inside the host cell using Dot/Icm type IVB secretion system. The structure and function for the majority of these effector proteins remains unknown. Here, we present the crystal structure of the L. pneumophila effector Lem10. The structure reveals a multidomain organization with the largest C‐terminal domain showing strong structural similarity to the HD protein superfamily representatives. However, Lem10 lacks the catalytic His‐Asp residue pair and does not show any in vitro phosphohydrolase enzymatic activity, typical for HD proteins. While the biological function of Lem10 remains elusive, our analysis shows that similar distinct features are shared by a significant number of HD domains found in Legionella proteins, including the SidE family of effectors known to play an important role during infection. Taken together our data point to the presence of a specific group of non‐catalytic Legionella HD domains, dubbed LHDs, which are involved in pathogenesis. Proteins 2015; 83:2319–2325. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Receptor Dissociation and B-Cell Activation
Authors: Yang Jianying , Reth Michael 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) is one of the most abundant receptors on the surface of B cells with roughly 100,000–200,000 copies per cell. Signaling through the BCR is crucial for the activation and differentiation of B cells. Unlike other receptors, the BCR can be activated by a large set of structurally different ligands, but the molecular mechanism of BCR activation is still a matter of controversy. Although dominant for a long time, the cross-link model (CLM) of BCR activation is not supported by recent studies of the nanoscale organization of the BCR on the surface of resting B cells. In contrast to the prediction of CLM, the numerous BCR complexes on these cells are not randomly distributed monomers but rather form oligomers which reside within membrane confinements. This finding is more in line with the dissociation activation model (DAM), wherein B-cell activation is accompanied by an opening of the auto-inhibited BCR oligomers instead of a cross-linking of the BCR monomers. In this review, we discuss in detail the new findings and their implications for BCR signaling.
An Extended Age-Hardening Model for Al-Mg-Si Alloys Incorporating the Room-Temperature Storage and Cold Deformation Process Stages
Authors: Myhr Ole Runar , Grong Øystein , Schäfer Carmen 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
In this article, a new age-hardening model for Al-Mg-Si alloys is presented (named NaMo-Version 2), which takes into account the combined effect of cold deformation and prolonged room-temperature storage on the subsequent response to artificial aging. As a starting point, the original physical framework of NaMo-Version 1 is revived and used as a basis for the extension. This is permissible, since a more in-depth analysis of the underlying particle-dislocation interactions confirms previous expectations that the simplifying assumption of spherical precipitates is not crucial for the final outcome of the calculations, provided that the yield strength model is calibrated against experimental data. At the same time, the implementation of the Kampmann–Wagner formalism means that the different microstructure models can be linked together in a manner that enforces solute partitioning and competition between the different hardening phases which form during aging (e.g., clusters, β″ and β′). In a calibrated form, NaMo-Version 2 exhibits a high degree of predictive power, as documented by comparison with experiments, using both dedicated nanostructure and yield strength data as a basis for the validation. Hence, the model is deemed to be well-suited for simulation of thermomechanical processing of Al-Mg-Si alloys involving cold-working operations like sheet forming and stretch bending in combination with heat treatment and welding.
Phase Transitions of Nonionic Surfactant C18:1E10 in Mixed Media of Water with Ionic Liquids
Authors: Wang Zhongni , Guan Lushi 
Published: October 2015

AbstractComplicated temperature‐induced phase transitions were shown in two hexagonal liquid crystal mesophases constructed by nonionic surfactant C18:1E10 in the media of water with ionic liquids, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrofluoroborate (bmim‐BF4) and 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (bmim‐PF6), respectively. Detailed phase transition information was extracted from rheological, polarized optical microscopy, deuterium magnetic resonance spectroscopy and small‐angle X‐ray scattering measurements, with good agreement among these techniques. It is shown that the order‐to‐disorder phase transition occurred in a narrow range of temperatures for both the two hexagonal mesophases. In particular, the mesophases experienced a biphasic hexagonal‐lamellar coexisting before completely melting, which was not found in the corresponding aqueous hexagonal system of the same surfactant concentration. Of most importance, the two target mesophases exhibited some clearly different behaviors. The phase transition temperature is much higher (ca. 10 °C) in a (water + bmim‐BF4) system than in a (water + bmim‐PF6) system. After melting, a fast transition from elastic micelle to Newtonian fluid was observed in the (water + bmim‐BF4) system, while the micelle related to the (water + bmim‐PF6) system remained elastic over a relatively wide temperature region. The results obtained give a better insight of how the mixed solvents support mesophase formation and modulate the phase transition.
Production of Palm‐Based Esteramine Through Heterogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Aziz Haliza Abdul , Aroua Mohamed Kheireddine , Yusoff Rozita , Abas Noor Azeerah , Idris Zainab , Hassan Hazimah Abu 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis study involved maximizing the conversion of palm‐based methyl palmitate to esteramine, an intermediate for esterquats via transesterification with triethanolamine, aided by Ca–Al as a heterogeneous catalyst in a 500‐ml reaction unit. The effect of process parameters on the conversion was investigated. The optimum process parameters, consisting of a mole ratio of 1.8:1 (methyl palmitate:triethanolamine), 170 °C, 10 mbar, 0.5 % catalyst and a duration of 2 h, produced more than 90 % conversion. Transesterification employing Ca–Al is more environmentally friendly than the conventional approach using sodium methoxide, simplifies the downstream separation process and the reusability of the catalyst was successfully tested in three subsequent cycles.
First record of buccinid genusChauvetia(Mollusca: Gastropoda) from the fossil record of the New World (Miocene, Venezuela) and its paleobiogeographic implications
Authors: Landau Bernard , da Silva Carlos M. , Vermeij Geerat J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractUntil now, the buccinid genusChauvetiawas considered of European or West African origin, and is still endemic to these areas today. This paper describes the oldest representative of the genus,Chauvetia inopinatanov. sp., from the upper Burdigalian-lower Langhian transition Cantaure Formation of Venezuela. This surprising record suggests a New World tropical origin to the genus and subsequent immigration to the Old World before the earliest known Old World record, which is upper Tortonian. We postulate that this pre-late Tortonian (pre-8.12–7.42 Ma) dispersal of the tropical Gatunian west-AtlanticChauvetiainto the tropical East Atlantic European-West African Province most probably happened during the 10.71–9.36 Ma interval (early–mid Tortonian) during which the Circum-Tropical Current weakened, and the northward Intra-Caribbean Current had started, enhancing the Gulf Stream and the North Atlantic Current. This new data constitutes compelling evidence of a pre-Pliocene eastward dispersal of New World shallow marine organisms across the Atlantic.
Dynamic conceptualizations of threat in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
Authors: KNAPTON OLIVIA 
Published: October 2015

abstractObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a severe mental health problem of a heterogeneous nature. To add to discussions around defining coherent subtypes of OCD, this paper uses qualitative, cognitive linguistic analysis to show how episodes of OCD can be differentiated based on their underlying conceptualizations of threat. Spoken narratives of OCD episodes told by people with OCD were analyzed using image schema theory and cognitive approaches to deixis in discourse. Through an exploration of the participants’ subjective experiences of time, space, and uncertainty in their recounted OCD episodes, the findings demonstrate that perceptions of threats fluctuate as OCD episodes unfold, and that it is the perceived movement (or not) of the threat that induces distress. Moreover, the dynamism of the threat is conceptualized differently for different subtypes of OCD. This variation can in part be explained by the role of two image schemas in structuring OCD episodes: the SOURCE–PATH–GOAL image schema and the CONTAINER image schema. It is argued that the blanket notion of threat as often investigated in clinical models of OCD is not sensitive enough to capture these shifting perspectives. It is thus recommended that threat perception in OCD is researched as a dynamic, evolving, and highly subjective experience.
Maiasaura, a model organism for extinct vertebrate population biology: a large sample statistical assessment of growth dynamics and survivorship
Authors: Woodward Holly N. , Freedman Fowler Elizabeth A. , Farlow James O. , Horner John R. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractFossil bone microanalyses reveal the ontogenetic histories of extinct tetrapods, but incomplete fossil records often result in small sample sets lacking statistical strength. In contrast, a histological sample of 50 tibiae of the hadrosaurid dinosaurMaiasaura peeblesorumallows predictions of annual growth and ecological interpretations based on more histologic data than any previous large sample study. Tibia length correlates well (R2>0.9) with diaphyseal circumference, cortical area, and bone wall thickness, thereby allowing longitudinal predictions of annual body size increases based on growth mark circumference measurements. With an avian level apposition rate of 86.4 μm/day,Maiasauraachieved over half of asymptotic tibia diaphyseal circumference within its first year. Mortality rate for the first year was 89.9% but a seven year period of peak performance followed, when survivorship (mean mortality rate=12.7%) was highest. During the third year of life,Maiasauraattained 36% (x=1260 kg) of asymptotic body mass, growth rate was decelerating (18.2 μm/day), cortical vascular orientation changed, and mortality rate briefly increased. These transitions may indicate onset of sexual maturity and corresponding reallocation of resources to reproduction. Skeletal maturity and senescence occurred after 8 years, at which point the mean mortality rate increased to 44.4%. Compared withAlligator, an extant relative,Maiasauraexhibits rapid cortical increase early in ontogeny, whileAlligatorcortical growth is much lower and protracted throughout ontogeny. Our life history synthesis ofMaiasaurautilizes the largest histological sample size for any extinct tetrapod species thus far, demonstrating how large sample microanalyses strengthen paleobiological interpretations.
Dietary intake and food sources of choline in European populations
Authors: Vennemann Francy B. C. , Ioannidou Sofia , Valsta Liisa M. , Dumas Céline , Ocké Marga C. , Mensink Gert B. M. , Lindtner Oliver , Virtanen Suvi M. , Tlustos Christina , D’Addezio Laura , Mattison Irene , Dubuisson Carine , Siksna Inese , Héraud Fanny 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCholine is an important nutrient for humans. Choline intake of the European population was assessed considering the European Food Safety Authority European Comprehensive Food Consumption Database and the United States Department of Agriculture Nutrient Database. Average choline intake ranges were 151–210 mg/d among toddlers (1 to ≤3 years old), 177–304 mg/d among other children (3 to ≤10 years old), 244–373 mg/d among adolescents (10 to ≤18 years old), 291–468 mg/d among adults (18 to ≤65 years old), 284–450 mg/d among elderly people (65 to ≤75 years old) and 269–444 mg/d among very elderly people (≥75 years old). The intakes were higher among males compared with females, mainly due to larger quantities of food consumed per day. In most of the population groups considered, the average choline intake was below the adequate intake (AI) set by the Institute of Medicine in the USA. The main food groups contributing to choline intake were meat, milk, grain, egg and their derived products, composite dishes and fish. The main limitations of this study are related to the absence of choline composition data of foods consumed by the European population and the subsequent assumption made to assess their intake levels. Given the definition of AI, no conclusion on the adequacy of choline intake can be drawn for most European population groups. Such results improve the knowledge on choline intake in Europe that could be further refined by the collection of choline composition data for foods as consumed in Europe.
A NOTE ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE WITH SCALENE ELEMENTARY TRIANGLES IN PLATO'S TIMAEUS: PL. TI. 54A-B
Authors: Paparazzo Ernesto 
Published: October 2015

In the Timaeus Plato says that, among the infinite number of right-angled scalene elementary triangles, the best (τὸ κάλλιστον) is that
ἐξ οὗ τὸ ἰσόπλευρον ἐκ τρίτου συνέστηκε.
Apart from few exceptions to be mentioned shortly, the translations of the Timaeus, which I am aware of spanning the period from the second half of the nineteenth century up to recent times, have usually rendered this passage as meaning that such an elementary triangle is that which, when two are combined, the equilateral triangle forms as a third figure. For instance, Bury and Zeyl respectively translate:
out of which, when two are conjoined, the equilateral triangle is constructed as a third.
and
from [a pair of] which the equilateral triangle is constructed as a third figure.
I shall refer to this sort of translation as the Prevailing Translation (hereafter PT).
Ultra-shallow-marine anoxia in an Early Triassic shallow-marine clastic ramp (Spitsbergen) and the suppression of benthic radiation
Authors: WIGNALL PAUL B. , BOND DAVID P. G. , SUN YADONG , GRASBY STEPHEN E. , BEAUCHAMP BENOIT , JOACHIMSKI MICHAEL M. , BLOMEIER DIERK P. G. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractLower Triassic marine strata in Spitsbergen accumulated on a mid-to-high latitude ramp in which high-energy foreshore and shoreface facies passed offshore into sheet sandstones of probable hyperpycnite origin. More distal facies include siltstones, shales and dolomitic limestones. Carbon isotope chemostratigraphy comparison allows improved age dating of the Boreal sections and shows a significant hiatus in the upper Spathian. Two major deepening events, in earliest Griesbachian and late Smithian time, are separated by shallowing-upwards trends that culminated in the Dienerian and Spathian substages. The redox record, revealed by changes in bioturbation, palaeoecology, pyrite framboid content and trace metal concentrations, shows anoxic phases alternating with intervals of better ventilation. Only Dienerian–early Smithian time witnessed persistent oxygenation that was sufficient to support a diverse benthic community. The most intensely anoxic, usually euxinic, conditions are best developed in offshore settings, but at times euxinia also developed in upper offshore settings where it is even recorded in hyperpycnite and storm-origin sandstone beds: an extraordinary facet of Spitsbergen's record. The euxinic phases do not track relative water depth changes. For example, the continuous shallowing upwards from the Griesbachian to lower Dienerian was witness to several euxinic phases separated by intervals of more oxic, bioturbated sediments. It is likely that the euxinia was controlled by climatic oscillations rather than intra-basinal factors. It remains to be seen if all the anoxic phases found in Spitsbergen are seen elsewhere, although the wide spread of anoxic facies in the Smithian/Spathian boundary interval is clearly a global event.