bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconnaissance professionnelle des seniors en situation de vulnérabilité : Vers une transformation de l’expérience des accompagnants
Authors: Baujard Corinne 
Published: July 2024

Cet article interroge la reconnaissance professionnelle des seniors en situation de vulnérabilité sur le vécu des accompagnants dans une entreprise européenne de logistique. Nous étudions l’expérience dans la manière dont les accompagnants se construisent eux-mêmes afin de comprendre les transactions sociales qui favorisent l’action des seniors. Comment la posture professionnelle de reconnaissance favorise-t-elle l’engagement des seniors au travail ? Une étude exploratoire conduite en 2022 auprès des accompagnants, complétée par une observation sur site réalisée à l’automne 2023 permet de relever l’existence d’une certaine distance subjective dans la considération d’autrui. Dans bien des situations, les seniors parviennent à un sens pour eux-mêmes qui engage le vivre ensemble dans l’activité du travail réalisée.
Affirmationes incompactae . La double opération dans le langage de la figure de l’incompact dans le Commentaire de l’Exode de Maître Eckhart
Authors: Casteigt Julie 
Published: July 2024

Cet essai prend en vue le paradoxe que soulève l’exégèse eckhartienne du verset Ex. 15, 3, dans le commentaire du livre de l’ Exode , à propos de l’objection formulée par la thèse dionysienne, dans la Hiérarchie céleste , chapitre 2, § 3, selon laquelle toute affirmation au sujet de Dieu est incompacte, tandis que Maître Eckhart soutient qu’elle est propre. Maître Eckhart limite la portée de l’objection dionysienne au mode de signifier selon l’inhérence et renverse l’incompacité des affirmations au sujet de Dieu en compacité, dès lors que ces dernières sont prises selon le mode de signifier selon l’identité essentielle.
The dialectic between knowledge, knowing, and concept in the theory of objectification
Authors: Radford Luis 
Published: July 2024

The theory of objectification (TO) is a theory of learning that seeks to foster conceptually rich, and critical, inclusive, and democratic pedagogical practices. The conception of these practices is based on a new understanding of learning as a cultural-historical process. In turn, the theoretical formulation of learning is anchored in a conception of knowledge that departs from the accounts of rationalists and (new and old) empiricists. The purpose of this article is to offer an overview of knowledge and learning as conceived in the TO. This overview is, of necessity, philosophical, as it addresses a problem that has often been overlooked in educational research: the ontological problem of the nature of knowledge – such as mathematical and scientific knowledge. The philosophical overview presented here is based on a specific philosophy that inspires the theory of objectification: dialectical materialism. Drawing on this philosophy, I theorize learning as a social, embodied, affective, semiotic, and material process where individuals encounter knowledge. In this encounter knowledge manifests itself in sensible practical and material activity through what it is called here knowing and concept. As argued in this article, knowledge, knowing, and concept are three modes of existence of a same entity that is invoked in the movement of learning.
Acute kidney injury in critically ill obstetric patients: Incidence and role of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalcin – A prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Pipil Kartik , Tyagi Asha , Tyagi Surbhi , Nigam Chanchal , Das Shukla 
Published: July 2024

Background and Aims:
Data focussing on acute kidney injury (AKI) in obstetric patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) are scarce and even more so regarding the role of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalcin (NGAL) in detecting AKI or predicting outcomes in these patients. Hence, we aim to evaluate the incidence of AKI in obstetric ICU patients and validate the role of urinary and serum NGAL in predicting the onset of AKI and mortality.

Methods:
This prospective observational cohort included 45 obstetric patients admitted in ICU, excluding those with prior renal dysfunction. Serum creatinine and urine output were monitored for the occurrence of AKI during the ICU stay. The outcome of the patient (survival or death) in the ICU and hospital was recorded, and serum and urinary NGAL were determined at the time of ICU admission.

Results:
AKI occurred in 32 [71.1%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 55.4%, 86.8%] patients during their ICU stay. Serum NGAL showed an area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCC) of 0.630 (95% CI: 0.417, 0.842) (P = 0.231) for AKI and 0.486 (95% CI: 0.295, 0.676) (P = 0.883) for ICU mortality. Urinary NGAL showed AUROC = 0.472 (95% CI: 0.285, 0.660) (P = 0.772) to predict AKI and 0.430 (95% CI: 0.268, 0.652) (P = 0.684) for ICU mortality.

Conclusions:
AKI is common amongst critically ill obstetric ICU patients. However, serum and urinary NGAL cannot be advocated to discriminate between patients with or without AKI or between survivors and non-survivors in critically ill obstetric patients.
Potential role of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 as a biomarker in patients with sepsis and septic shock: A prospective observational study
Authors: Sachidananda Roopa , Bhat Vikram Kemmannu , Kurjogi Mahantesh , Vanti Gulam Nabi L. , Kayara Madhura 
Published: July 2024

Background and Aims:
Early diagnosis of sepsis is crucial. The primary objective of this study was to explore the role of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in diagnosing sepsis and septic shock.

Methods:
This prospective observational study was conducted over 19 months. All adult patients aged more than 18 years with a diagnosis of sepsis or septic shock based on quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score were enroled. Blood was drawn for procalcitonin (PCT) and UCP2 on days 0, 3, 7 and 28. Blood samples from 50 healthy volunteers were used as controls. An electrochemiluminescence test was done for PCT. A quantitative enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay was used for UCP2. The Chi-square test was used for qualitative variables and the independent t-test for quantitative variables. The receiver operator characteristic curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of UCP2.

Results:
A total of 128 subjects were included in the study. Out of these, 78 patients (qSOFA score ≥2) were subcategorised into the infection group, sepsis or septic shock group based on the PCT levels. The UCP2 levels in the infection, sepsis or septic shock group were significantly higher than in the control group (P > 0.001). The UCP2 levels correlated with PCT on admission, day 3 and day 7.

Conclusion:
The UCP2 levels were significantly higher in sepsis and septic shock groups compared to controls and hence could be a potential diagnostic biomarker of sepsis.
Costoclavicular versus lateral sagittal infraclavicular brachial plexus block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing upper limb orthopaedic surgery: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Mondal Soumyajit , Sinha Chandni , Kumari Poonam , Kumar Abhyuday , Kumar Ajeet , Agarwal Prabhat 
Published: July 2024

Background and Aims:
Perineural catheters inserted through the costoclavicular (CC) technique of infraclavicular brachial plexus are helpful for postoperative analgesia. This trial compared postoperative local anaesthetic (LA) consumption in an ultrasound (US)-guided perineural catheter inserted by the CC technique with the conventional lateral sagittal (LS) technique.

Methods:
Eighty American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I/II patients scheduled for upper limb orthopaedic surgery were randomly assigned to receive a perineural catheter by either the CC technique (Group CC) or LS technique (Group LS). Postoperatively, all patients received patient-controlled regional analgesia (PCRA): bolus-only regime with 0.125% bupivacaine 6 ml and a lock-out interval of 20 minutes. The primary outcome was the 24 h LA consumption. The secondary outcomes were time of activation of PCRA, pain scores, patient satisfaction scores, and block-related complications. Categorical variables are presented as frequency, while continuous variables are expressed as mean [standard deviation (SD)] or median [interquartile range (IQR)]. An independent t-test or Mann–Whitney U-test was used to compare these continuous variables. A P value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results:
Patients in Group CC required less LA 24 h postoperatively (P < 0.001) and more time to activate PCRA (P = 0.003). The mean 24 h LA requirement was 83.35 (SD: 31.92) in Group CC as compared to 121.40 (SD: 48.51) ml in Group LS. They also reported better satisfaction scores (P = 0.001). Pain scores were comparable at all time points. Postoperatively, one patient in Group CC complained of paraesthesia, which subsided on removal of the catheter.

Conclusion:
Patients receiving post-operative analgesia by the CC catheter require lesser 24 h LA and report better satisfaction than those receiving analgesia through the LS technique.
Diagnostic Yield of Colonoscopy in Patients Presenting with Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding at a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Essa Suhair Aboud , Mudhir Hiba Dhari , Rustum Farah Lateef 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) poses a significant challenge in clinical practice due to its diverse etiologies and potential for serious morbidity and mortality. Colonoscopy is the preferred, valuable diagnostic tool for identifying the underlying cause of LGIB. This study aimed to evaluate colonoscopic findings in patients presenting with LGIB at a tertiary care hospital in Baghdad.

Subjects and Methods:
This retrospective descriptive study reviewed records of patients, who underwent colonoscopy for LGIB, at the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Teaching Hospital in Baghdad Governorate between January 1 and July 31, 2023. The analysis included age, sex, and endoscopic findings.

Results:
A total of 228 patients were included, with 124 (54.4%) males and 104 (45.6%) females. The mean age was 39.23 ± 20.57 years. A colonoscopy revealed a diagnostic yield of 68.0%. LGIB was more prevalent among individuals aged 40 years and younger (53.5%). The most common colonoscopic finding was hemorrhoids (20.2%), followed by polyps (13.1%), colitis (9.2%), ulcerative colitis (8.3%), and colorectal cancer (7.9%).

Conclusion:
This study underscores the importance of colonoscopy in evaluating LGIB. Larger, multicenter studies are recommended to validate these findings and guide clinical practice in LGIB management.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Sarcopenia among a Sample Aged 60 Years and Older in Iraq
Authors: Al-Taghlubee Israa M. , Al-Saffar Atheer J 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Aging is an unavoidable process characterized by a progressive decline in body organs and skeletal muscle. Sarcopenia is defined as low muscle mass and function; it is diagnosed according to the working group of sarcopenia definition; also, it can predict the adverse disability outcome and subsequent functional deterioration.

Objectives:
This study aims to estimating the prevalence of sarcopenia in old Iraqi adults and determines some sociodemographic factors that may be related.

Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 500 elderly aged ≥60 years in a community-dwelling and senior citizen center in Baghdad. The data were obtained from a questionnaire (sociodemographic and behavioral data) in addition to anthropometry measurements. The cut-off point score was derived from the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2.

Results:
Sarcopenia was present in 15%, 21.5% in males and 8.2% in females. It was positively associated with aging, significantly associated with males, marital state, retirement, nonsmoker, alcoholic, fall history, normal body mass index, and elderly. While it was negatively related to educational level and physical activity.

Conclusions:
Sarcopenia prevalence was presented with a considerable prevalence among old adults, as well as had a great association with all behavioral and lifestyle variants studied.
Predischarge Peak Atrial Longitudinal Strain and Plasma N-terminal Pro-hormone Brain Natriuretic Peptide as a Predictor of Short-term Rehospitalization and Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients with Acute Heart Failure
Authors: Kaler I. Gusti Bagus Putu Suwarjana , Wibhuti Ida Bagus Rangga , Wiryawan I. Nyoman , Lestari A. A. Wiradewi 
Published: July 2024

Context:
The postacute heart failure (AHF) rehospitalization rate is attributed to persistent hemodynamic congestion despite clinical improvement. Peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS), utilizing speckle tracking echocardiography technology, shows potential in post-AHF prognosis. Meanwhile, N-terminal pro-hormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) remains a known biomarker of intracardiac congestion.

Aims:
This study aimed to determine the relationship between predischarge PALS and NT-proBNP as predictors of major adverse cardiac event (MACE) in patients after AHF hospitalization.

Settings and Design:
This study is a prospective cohort study, conducted in Prof. Dr. I G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia.

Subjects and Methods:
The study included hospitalized AHF patients, collecting demographic data, comorbidities, therapies, and echocardiographic measures before discharge. Predischarge PALS and NT-proBNP were taken within 24 h before discharge. The main outcome was MACE, defined as rehospitalization and cardiovascular mortality within 90 days.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Comparative statistical analyses was done using independent t-test for continuous variables (Mann–Whitney U test for variables with abnormal distribution) and Chi-squared tests. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) used in determining optimal threshold values of predischarge PALS and NT-proBNP as a predictor of MACE. Kaplan–Meier curves were employed to gauge event-free survival differences between these cohorts. Then, independent Cox regression was used to identify the predictors of MACE.

Results:
The study enrolled 67 patients with varying ejection fraction (EF) (16 – heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, 10 – heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction, and 41 – heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; mean age: 56.88 ± 14.57 years). Over the 90-day follow-up, 21 patients (31.3%) encountered MACE. Both PALS (area under the curve [AUC] 0.816) and NT-proBNP (AUC 0.856) before discharge served as predictors of MACE. There was no significant AUC difference between ROC curves (area difference: 0.039, P = 0.553). The regression model highlighted that PALS and NT-proBNP level before discharge acted as independent predictors of MACE, irrespective of EF, average E/e’, or estimated predischarge pulmonary capillary wedge pressure.

Conclusions:
Predischarge PALS is comparable to NT-proBNP levels as independent predictors of short-term MACE after AHF hospitalization.
Wean early leave early: Apt strategy for weaning from non-invasive ventilation
Authors: Thampan Sebin J. , Prasath Arun , Moses Jackin , Kisku King H. , Sagar Pinkutty , Ravichandran Kandasamy 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Weaning protocols from Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) are scant. We set out to study a protocol that was different from the British Thoracic Society protocol and lay down a weaning protocol from NIV in patients with Acute acidotic hypercapnic respiratory failure (AAHRF).

Materials and Methods:
Patients admitted with AAHRF and treated with NIV (baseline pH<7.35, PaCO2 >45 mmHg, and not requiring intubation) at a tertiary care teaching hospital, after taking into consideration the inclusion and the exclusion criteria were randomised in to one of the two group of weaning form NIV and serial ABGs were monitored.

Results:
The primary outcome of the study shows that there was no significant differences in the success rates of weaning from NIV in both the arms. The secondary outcome shows a few factors such as age, gender, SAPS2 score having an effect on the determination of weaning failure.

Conclusion:
Our study showed that both weaning by duration reduction and pressure reduction had equal success rates but a point on noting the SAPS II score on admission and the age of a particular patient will help decide on weaning initiation.
CTRI/2019/12/022560 [Registered on: 30/12/2019].
The severity of non-smoking chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is correlated with biomass fuel exposure and COPD assessment test score
Authors: Pandey Anuj Kumar , Verma Ajay Kumar , Singh Arpita , Kant Surya , Chaudhary Shyam Chand , Bajpai Jyoti , Dixit Rakesh Kumar 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Objective:
Tobacco smoking is an established risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Current evidence suggests that non-tobacco-related risk factors vary geographically and are less understood than smoking. This study aims to compare the risk factors, symptoms, and clinical features of smoking (S-COPD) and non-smoking (NS-COPD) in a COPD population.

Materials and Methods:
In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 489 COPD patients were screened. Data on socio-demographics, smoking and medical history, other risk factors, symptoms, and clinical characteristics including COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score, and Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) Dyspnea Scale were examined.

Results:
Of the total selected 416 COPD patients, 35.34% were NS-COPD while 64.66% were S-COPD. S-COPD was predominant in males, whereas NS-COPD was predominant in females (P < 0.0001). In NS-COPD, biomass fuel exposure was a major risk factor (P < 0.0001), and 61% of subjects had a biomass fuel exposure index of >60. In bivariate and multivariate analyses, no risk factors were correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)% predicted, while among clinical features, duration of illness (P = 0.001) was correlated with lower values of FEV1 in the multivariate table of S-COPD. In the multivariate analysis, biomass fuel exposure (P = 0.039) and CAT score (P < 0.0001) were correlated with FEV1(%) in NS-COPD.

Conclusion:
Biomass fuel exposure is a substantial risk factor for NS-COPD and was correlated with FEV1(%) predicted. In addition, the CAT score correlated with disease severity in patients with NS-COPD. The development of COPD in non-smokers is being recognized as a separate phenotype and it should be managed according to risk factors.
Evaluation of alpha-defensins as a marker of severity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Kumar Kritika , Kaur Komaldeep , Jaswal Shivani , Aggarwal Deepak , Saini Varinder 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Defensins are key effector molecules of innate immunity that can contribute towards the diagnosis and monitoring of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The present study was conducted to investigate the role of alpha-defensins in patients with COPD by quantifying serum and sputum samples.

Methods:
A total of 180 patients were enrolled and divided into four groups, and sputum and serum values of alpha-defensins were assessed. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of sputum alpha-defensin as a diagnostic biomarker were evaluated to assess its utility in diagnosing COPD.

Results:
The mean value of sputum alpha-defensins was found to be statistically significant amongst the four groups (P < 0.001). The highest levels were found in subjects with AECOPD (385.76 ± 116.62 ng/mL). Sputum alpha-defensins were found to be negatively correlated with FEV 1 values (rho = −0.31, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Sputum alpha-defensins can be used as a potential marker for predicting acute exacerbation of COPD. In addition, they could serve as an indicator of disease severity in COPD patients.
Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation of T6 Dermatome on Appetite and Weight Reduction in Obese Individuals: A Pilot Study
Authors: Sahu Pradeep Kumar , Ranjan Piyush , Agrawal Deepak , Singh Garima 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Previous work demonstrated the beneficial effect of T6 dermatomal stimulation by the percutaneous method in managing obesity. However, a simple, cost-effective, and feasible intervention stimulating the dermatome can be a potential solution for obesity care.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to find the effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) of T6 dermatome on appetite and weight loss in obese individuals.

Material and Methods:
In this prospective single-arm experimental study, 20 obese patients received TENS treatment of T6 dermatome for 30 min, once a week and for 12 weeks. Outcome measures such as appetite level in the visual analog scale (VAS), weight in kg, and basal metabolic index (BMI) in kg/m2 were assessed at baseline, 12 weeks -post-intervention, and at 8 weeks of follow-up.

Results:
A statistically significant difference in all the variables was found from baseline to 12 weeks of intervention (P < 0.001) and maintained till 8 weeks of follow-up. From pre- to post-treatment, the effect size for appetite reduction was large (>1) while for weight and BMI loss was (0.14, 0.16), respectively small. Additionally, a weak correlation was found between pre- and follow-up appetite and weight loss (r = 0.25, P = 0.294).

Conclusions:
Twelve weeks of TENS treatment of T6 dermatome showed a positive effect in reducing appetite with sustained reduction up to 8 weeks of follow-up even after completion of the intervention. However, in the absence of dietary modification, TENS treatment was associated with low effect sizes weight and BMI loss.
Prevalence and Factor Associated with Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis Among Patients with Medical Conditions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lee Kai Wei , Khan Abdul Hanif Khan Yusof , Ching Siew Mooi , Kumar Sathish Jaya , Raj Charlene Lily Vincent Paul , Chia Peck Kee , Basri Hamidon , Sulaiman Wan Aliaa Wan , Mat Liyana Najwa Inche , Veettil Sajesh K , Hoo Fan Kee , Loh Wei Chao 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a severe autoimmune encephalitis due to immune production of anti-NMDAR antibodies against the NR1 subunit of the NMDA receptor which is present throughout the central nervous system. This condition had been reported to be prevalent in patients with certain medical conditions; however so far, there have been limited systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the prevalence and factors associated.

Objective:
This study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with anti-NMDAR encephalitis among affected patients.

Material and Methods:
The protocol of this study has been registered (2019: CRD42019142002) with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). The primary outcome was the incidence or prevalence of anti-NMDAR encephalitis and secondary outcomes were factors associated with anti-NMDAR encephalitis.

Results:
There were 11 studies and a total of 873 million patients taken from high-risk populations across 11 countries that were included in the primary analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of anti-NMDAR encephalitis among patients with medical conditions was 7.0% (95% CI = 4.4, 9.6). Those with first episode of psychosis or schizophrenia were at a higher risk of developing anti-NMDAR encephalitis with an odds ratio of 5.976 (95% CI = 1.122, 31.825).

Conclusion:
We found that almost one-tenth of patients with medical conditions had anti-NMDAR encephalitis; particularly those with first episode of psychosis or schizophrenia were among the high-risk medical conditions.