bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seizures in patients with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism: effect of antiepileptic drug withdrawal on recurrence of seizures and serum calcium control
Authors: Modi Sagar , Tripathi Manjari , Saha Soma , Goswami Ravinder 
Published: March 2014

ObjectiveThere is limited information on seizures in patients with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism (IH). We assessed seizure characteristics at presentation, subclinical seizures during follow-up, and the effect of antiepileptic drug (AED) withdrawal in IH patients.Designs and methodsSeizure characteristics were assessed in 70 patients with IH attending endocrine clinic. Provoked electroencephalography (EEG) was performed for subclinical seizures in 44 of them. AEDs were withdrawn using strict criteria, i.e. i) no seizure during past 2 years, ii) normal EEG, iii) serum total calcium ≥1.8 mmol/l, and iv) feasibility to follow-up regularly after AED withdrawal for at least 9 months (n=14). The effects of AED withdrawal on seizures and serum total calcium were assessed.ResultsSeizures were present in 64.3% of patients, generalized tonic–clonic in 86.7%, and treated with phenytoin (46.7%), valproate (40%), and carbamazepine (26.7%). Most (69/70) patients were seizure-free during the follow-up of 6.6±4.5 years. Ten of 14 (71.4%) patients were successfully withdrawn from AED and remained seizure free during the follow-up period of 13.5±2.4 months (range 9–18). AEDs were restarted because of the recurrence of seizures (n=3) and poor compliance with calcium/vitamin D (n=1). The mean serum total calcium increased from 1.9±0.19 to 2.1±0.14 mmol/l after AED withdrawal (P=0.004).ConclusionSeizures were present in 64.3% of patients with IH and they responded to AED and calcium/1-α-(OH)D during the follow-up. With strict eligibility criteria, it was possible to withdraw AED in 71% of patients with IH. Serum total calcium improved significantly after AED withdrawal.
A Novel CaM Kinase II Pathway Controls the Location of Neuropeptide Release fromCaenorhabditis elegansMotor Neurons
Authors: Hoover Christopher M , Edwards Stacey L , Yu Szi-chieh , Kittelmann Maike , Richmond Janet E , Eimer Stefan , Yorks Rosalina M , Miller Kenneth G 
Published: March 2014

AbstractNeurons release neuropeptides via the regulated exocytosis of dense core vesicles (DCVs) to evoke or modulate behaviors. We found that Caenorhabditis elegans motor neurons send most of their DCVs to axons, leaving very few in the cell somas. How neurons maintain this skewed distribution and the extent to which it can be altered to control DCV numbers in axons or to drive release from somas for different behavioral impacts is unknown. Using a forward genetic screen, we identified loss-of-function mutations in UNC-43 (CaM kinase II) that reduce axonal DCV levels by ∼90% and cell soma/dendrite DCV levels by ∼80%, leaving small synaptic vesicles largely unaffected. Blocking regulated secretion in unc-43 mutants restored near wild-type axonal levels of DCVs. Time-lapse video microscopy showed no role for CaM kinase II in the transport of DCVs from cell somas to axons. In vivo secretion assays revealed that much of the missing neuropeptide in unc-43 mutants is secreted via a regulated secretory pathway requiring UNC-31 (CAPS) and UNC-18 (nSec1). DCV cargo levels in unc-43 mutants are similarly low in cell somas and the axon initial segment, indicating that the secretion occurs prior to axonal transport. Genetic pathway analysis suggests that abnormal neuropeptide function contributes to the sluggish basal locomotion rate of unc-43 mutants. These results reveal a novel pathway controlling the location of DCV exocytosis and describe a major new function for CaM kinase II.
Examining the Process of de Novo Gene Birth: An Educational Primer on “Integration of New Genes into Cellular Networks, and Their Structural Maturation”
Authors: Frietze Seth , Leatherman Judith 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
SUMMARY New genes that arise from modification of the noncoding portion of a genome rather than being duplicated from parent genes are called de novo genes. These genes, identified by their brief evolution and lack of parent genes, provide an opportunity to study the timeframe in which emerging genes integrate into cellular networks, and how the characteristics of these genes change as they mature into bona fide genes. An article by G. Abrusán provides an opportunity to introduce students to fundamental concepts in evolutionary and comparative genetics and to provide a technical background by which to discuss systems biology approaches when studying the evolutionary process of gene birth. Basic background needed to understand the Abrusán study and details on comparative genomic concepts tailored for a classroom discussion are provided, including discussion questions and a supplemental exercise on navigating a genome database.
Mixed‐conifer forests of central Oregon: effects of logging and fire exclusion vary with environment
Authors: Merschel Andrew G. , Spies Thomas A. , Heyerdahl Emily K. 
Published: March 2014

Twentieth‐century land management has altered the structure and composition of mixed‐conifer forests and decreased their resilience to fire, drought, and insects in many parts of the Interior West. These forests occur across a wide range of environmental settings and historical disturbance regimes, so their response to land management is likely to vary across landscapes and among ecoregions. However, this variation has not been well characterized and hampers the development of appropriate management and restoration plans. We identified mixed‐conifer types in central Oregon based on historical structure and composition, and successional trajectories following recent changes in land use, and evaluated how these types were distributed across environmental gradients. We used field data from 171 sites sampled across a range of environmental settings in two subregions: the eastern Cascades and the Ochoco Mountains.We identified four forest types in the eastern Cascades and four analogous types with lower densities in the Ochoco Mountains. All types historically contained ponderosa pine, but differed in the historical and modern proportions of shade‐tolerant vs. shade‐intolerant tree species. The Persistent Ponderosa Pine and Recent Douglas‐fir types occupied relatively hot–dry environments compared to Recent Grand Fir and Persistent Shade Tolerant sites, which occupied warm–moist and cold–wet environments, respectively. Twentieth‐century selective harvesting halved the density of large trees, with some variation among forest types. In contrast, the density of small trees doubled or tripled early in the 20th century, probably due to land‐use change and a relatively cool, wet climate. Contrary to the common perception that dry ponderosa pine forests are the most highly departed from historical conditions, we found a greater departure in the modern composition of small trees in warm–moist environments than in either hot–dry or cold–wet environments. Furthermore, shade‐tolerant trees began infilling earlier in cold–wet than in hot–dry environments and also in topographically shaded sites in the Ochoco Mountains. Our new classification could be used to prioritize management that seeks to restore structure and composition or create resilience in mixed‐conifer forests of the region.
Combining ability for yield and yield attributes in rice (Oryza sativa l.) genotypes using CMS system
Authors: Sharma CL , Singh NK , Mall AK , Kumar K , Singh ON 
Published: March 2014

Seventy five hybrids generated from crossing three cytoplasmic male sterile lines with 25 testers were studied along with parents for combining ability and gene action involved in expression of characters in rice. The GCA and SCA effects were significant for all the characters except seedling height, indicating the importance of both additive and non additive genetic components. The ratio of gca and sca variance was less than unity for all the characters also indicated preponderance of non additive genetic variance and suggested good prospects of the exploitation of variation through hybrid breeding. Amongst the parental lines, UPR-2080-24-1-R, IR-60076-1-R, PNR-165-10-6-R and IR-58025- A were found to be good general combiners which can be taken up to generate desirable segregates for further selection. None of the crosses showed significant sca effects for all the characters. On the basis of per se performance and high sca effects, IR-58025-A x CSRC-50-2-1-4-BR, PMS-10-A x IR-42688-2-118-6-3, RPMS-100-A x UPRI-92-79-R and NMS-4-A x IR-32419-28-3-1-3-R were good specific combiners for grain yield plant-1 and their components which could be used for exploitation of heterosis for yield. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v11i1.18372 SAARC J. Agri., 11(1): 23-33 (2013)
Zinc fertilization effects on agromorphological and quality parameters of commonly grown rice
Authors: Saha B , Saha S , Roy PD , Hazra GC , Das Arpita 
Published: March 2014

Among the micronutrients, zinc deficiency is widespread throughout the world particularly in low land rice fields causing low yields and affecting nutritional quality of the produce. In present investigation, 26 rice cultivars including some locals, aromatics, HYVs and hybrids grown on an Inceptisols with no Zn, basal Zn and soil+foliar applied Zn were evaluated for agro-morphological and quality parameters in a strip plot design having three replications during kharif season for consecutive two years (2009 and 2010). Rice cultivars differed significantly in their native agro-morphological parameters as well as among cultivar categories. Grain and straw yield as well as harvest index of different cultivars showed wide variations both with and without Zn application. On average, grain yields of different rice cultivars increased by 29% and 22% with soil plus foliar and only soil application of Zn, respectively. Regarding yield efficiency, HYV showed highest efficiency followed by hybrid, aromatic and local cultivars, irrespective of Zn fertilization. Applications of Zn, both as basal and as soil+foliar application significantly reduced the Fe content in brown rice irrespective of the cultivar grown. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v11i1.18388 SAARC J. Agri., 11(1): 105-120 (2013)
IFN-λ Exerts Opposing Effects on T Cell Responses Depending on the Chronicity of the Virus Infection
Authors: Misumi Ichiro , Whitmire Jason K. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
IFN-λ induces an antiviral state in many cell types and may contribute to the overall inflammatory environment after infection. Either of these effects may influence adaptive immune responses, but the role of type 3 IFNs in the development of primary and memory T cell responses to infection has not been evaluated. In this study, we examined T cell responses to acute or persistent lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection in IFN-λR1–deficient mice. Following acute infection, we find that IFN-λR1–deficient mice produced normal levels of IFN, robust NK cell responses, but greater than normal CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses compared with wild type BALB/c mice. There were more T cells that were IL-7Rhi and, correspondingly, the IFN-λR–deficient mice showed a 2- to 3-fold increase in memory T cell number. The inhibitory effect of IFN-λR expression was independent of direct cytokine signaling into T cells. In contrast with acute infection, the IFN-λR–deficient mice generated markedly diminished T cell responses and had greater weight loss compared with wild type mice when confronted with a highly disseminating variant of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. These data indicate that IFN-λR limits T cell responses and memory after transient infection but augments T cell responses during persisting infection. Thus, the immune-regulatory functions for IFN-λR are complex and vary with the overall inflammatory environment.
Twisted Vertex Operators and Unitary Lie Algebras
Authors: Chen Fulin , Gao Yun , Jing Naihuan , Tan Shaobin 
Published: March 2014

AbstractA representation of the central extension of the unitary Lie algebra coordinated with a skew Laurent polynomial ring is constructed using vertex operators over an integral ℤ2–lattice. The irreducible decomposition of the representation is explicitly computed and described. As a by–product, some fundamental representations of affine Kac–Moody Lie algebra of type A(2)n are recovered by the new method.
L’apport des pratiques d’éveil des mères dans la préparation de leurs enfants à l’entrée dans l’écrit
Authors: Myre-Bisaillon Julie , Breton Stéphanie , Boutin Nancy , Dionne Carmen 
Published: March 2014

Cette étude vise à examiner les contributions des pratiques d’éveil à la lecture et à l’écriture des mères dans le développement, chez leur enfant, des habiletés relatives à l’entrée dans l’écrit. Au total, 59 familles dont l’enfant commençait la maternelle ont participé à la recherche par une évaluation de l’enfant à domicile et des questionnaires portant sur les pratiques d’éveil. Il ressort que la lecture parent-enfant est importante, mais que d’autres pratiques ont aussi un apport : ce sont des activités qui s’inscrivent dans la vie quotidienne des familles, mais qui ne sont pas toutes intégrées dans les services d’aide offerts.
Quelle contribution des collectifs soignants à l’innovation hospitalière ?
Authors: Sainsaulieu Ivan 
Published: March 2014

L’innovation en organisation est souvent le fait des décideurs. Comment approcher celle qui vient des salariés ordinaires, prise sous l’angle du collectif de travail ? En situant notre réflexion dans l’univers hospitalier, nous avons nommé mobilisation consensuelle la capacité des collectifs à se mobiliser pour améliorer la qualité de soins. Sur cette base, nous analysons la contribution des personnels hospitaliers à la fois comme sujet et objet de l’innovation : c’est dans la mesure où ils subvertissent les rapports hiérarchiques institués qu’ils sont capables d’apporter des changements profitant au patient et à l’organisation. Ceci se réalise dans diverses occasions de coopération, de coordination interdisciplinaire et de participation qui sont examinées ici, avec les phénomènes de représentations qui leur sont associés, en soulignant les difficultés inhérentes à cet exercice de mobilisation innovante, dont on se demande toujours en quelle mesure elle est collective et/ou individuelle, démocratique ou élitiste.
Magnetosphere‐ionosphere coupling of global Pi2 pulsations
Authors: Keiling A. , Marghitu O. , Vogt J. , Amm O. , Bunescu C. , Constantinescu V. , Frey H. , Hamrin M. , Karlsson T. , Nakamura R. , Nilsson H. , Semeter J. , Sorbalo E. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractGlobal Pi2 pulsations have mainly been associated with either low/middle latitudes or middle/high latitudes and, as a result, have been treated as two different types of Pi2 pulsations, either the plasmaspheric cavity resonance or the transient response of the substorm current wedge, respectively. However, in some reports, global Pi2 pulsations have a single period spanning low/middle/high latitudes. This “super” global type has not yet been satisfactorily explained. In particular, it has been a major challenge to identify the coupling between the source region and the ground. Here we report two consecutive super global Pi2 events which were observed over a wide latitudinal and longitudinal range. Using four spacecraft that were azimuthally spread out in the nightside and one spacecraft in the tail lobe, it was possible to follow the Pi2 signal along various paths with time delays from the magnetotail to the ground. Furthermore, it was found that the global pulsations were a combination of various modes including the transient Alfvén and fast modes, field line resonance, and possibly a forced cavity‐type resonance. As for the source of the Pi2 periodicity, oscillatory plasma flow inside the plasma sheet during flow braking (e.g., interchange oscillations) is a likely candidate. Such flow modulations, resembling the ground Pi2 pulsations, were recorded for both events.
Storm time evolution of ELF/VLF waves observed by DEMETER satellite
Authors: Zhima Zeren , Cao JinBin , Liu WenLong , Fu HuiShan , Wang TieYan , Zhang XueMin , Shen XuHui 
Published: March 2014

AbstractIn this paper, using the data of Sun‐synchronous satellite (Detection of Electro‐Magnetic Waves Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) DEMETER, we investigated the storm time variations of ELF/VLF waves during the intense coronal mass ejections (CME)‐driven storms from 2005 to 2009. The results show that there is a good correlation between the enhancement of ELF/VLF waves and the CME events. Immidately following the enhanced wave activity driven by CMEs at the initial phase, the wave intensity decreases temporarily at the beginning of storm main phase. The strongest waves predominantly occur from the late main phase to early recovery phase. The ELF waves below 3 kHz are significantly intensified during the whole storm time, while the high‐frequency waves above 3 kHz seem strengthened predominantly during the late main and early recovery phase. The ELF waves below 3 kHz can exist in a wide L shell range, with the intensity peaking at L ~ 3 and 4. High‐frequency waves at f > 9 kHz exist mostly outside the plasmapause. The stronger ELF/VLF waves on the dayside can last longer time than those on the nightside.
C3‐Symmetric Cinchonine‐Squaramide‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Chlorolactonization of Styrene‐Type Carboxylic Acids with 1,3‐Dichloro‐5,5‐dimethylhydantoin: An Efficient Method to Chiral Isochroman‐1‐ones
Authors: Han Xin , Dong Chune , Zhou Hai‐Bing 
Published: March 2014

AbstractA more practical and efficient catalytic asymmetric chlorolactonization of styrene‐type carboxylic acids with 1,3‐dichloro‐5,5‐dimethylhydantoin (DCDMH) using C3‐symmetric cinchonine‐squaramide (CSCS) as organocatalyst has been developed. A series of chiral chloro‐substituted isochroman‐1‐ones was obtained in excellent yields (up to 95%) and enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee), whwereby the results for chloro‐substituted isochroman‐1‐ones are the best ever achieved. The catalyst can be recovered and reused for six cycles. Moreover, the chlorolactonization product 3b was further transformed to optically active bicyclic isochroman‐1‐one derivatives in high yield without losing the enantioselectivity. Furthermore, compounds 3e and 2n proved to be highly potent inhibitors of the HIV‐1 in TZM‐bl cells.magnified image
Lösungsmittelunterstützter Linker‐Austausch: eine Alternative zur De‐novo‐Synthese von Metall‐organischen Gerüsten
Authors: Karagiaridi Olga , Bury Wojciech , Mondloch Joseph E. , Hupp Joseph T. , Farha Omar K. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractMetall‐organische Gerüste (MOFs) sind Hybridmaterialien, die anhaltendes Interesse auf sich ziehen – nicht zuletzt wegen vielfältiger möglicher Anwendungen, von der Gastrennung über die Katalyse bis hin zum Sammeln von Licht. Allerdings ist die De‐novo‐Synthese von MOFs mit gewünschten Eigenschaften nicht immer einfach: unerwünschte Topologien können entstehen, die Löslichkeit von Vorstufen kann zu gering sein, und die Funktionalität wichtiger Netzwerkkomponenten kann verlorengehen. Mit einem neuen Ansatz – dem lösungsmittelunterstützten Linker‐Austausch (“solvent‐assisted linker exchange”, SALE) – lassen sich diese Probleme umgehen, und tatsächlich wurden mit SALE bereits verschiedene MOF‐Materialien erzeugt, die durch direkte Syntheseverfahren nicht erhältlich waren. Unsere Übersicht beschreibt Forschungsergebnisse über MOFs, die erst durch SALE möglich gemacht wurden, und diskutiert Studien, die das Verständnis dieses Verfahrens verbessert und sein Anwendungsgebiet erweitert haben.
An Electroactive Biotin‐Doped Polypyrrole Substrate That Immobilizes and Releases EpCAM‐Positive Cancer Cells
Authors: Jeon SeungHyun , Moon Jeong‐Mi , Lee Eun Sook , Kim Yon Hui , Cho Youngnam 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe specific capture and remotely controlled release of the EpCAM‐positive cancer cells from biotin‐doped polypyrrole (Ppy) films in response to an electrical potential is presented. As Ppy allows the direct incorporation of biotin molecules during the electrochemical process, densely packed biotin molecules can serve as the binding sites for streptavidin‐tagged biomolecular complexes. This study demonstrates not only the enhanced capture and enrichment of EpCAM‐positive cancer cells but also “on‐demand” release of the viable cells from conductive Ppy in an electrical‐potential‐dependent way. This novel approach is of great importance in a diverse range of applications, and in particular in cancer diagnostics and screening.
Systematic review of surgical management of synchronous colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Lykoudis P M , O'Reilly D , Nastos K , Fusai G 
Published: March 2014

Abstract

Background
The optimal management of colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases has not yet been elucidated. The aim of the present study was systematically to review current evidence concerning the timing and sequence of surgical interventions: colon first, liver first or simultaneous.

Methods
A systematic literature review was performed of clinical studies comparing the timing and sequence of surgical interventions in patients with synchronous liver metastases. Retrospective studies were included but case reports and small case series were excluded. Preoperative and intraoperative data, length of hospital stay, perioperative mortality and morbidity, and 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were compared. The studies were evaluated according to a modification of the methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS) criteria.

Results
Eighteen papers were included and 21 entries analysed. Five entries favoured the simultaneous approach regarding duration of procedure, whereas three showed no difference; five entries favoured simultaneous treatment in terms of blood loss, whereas in four there was no difference; and all studies comparing length of hospital stay favoured the simultaneous approach. Five studies favoured the simultaneous approach in terms of morbidity and eight found no difference, and no study demonstrated a difference in perioperative mortality. One study suggested a better 5-year survival rate after staged procedures, and another suggested worse 1-year but better 3- and 5-year survival rates following the simultaneous approach. The median MINORS score was 10, with incomplete follow-up and outcome reporting accounting primarily for low scores.

Conclusion
None of the three surgical strategies for synchronous colorectal liver metastases appeared inferior to the others.