bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sole of an era
Authors: Colbeck Roger 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to convey the importance of improvements to Excellence in Research for Australia (ERA).Design/methodology/approachThe paper takes the form of a poetic exposition.FindingsThis paper highlights the necessity for alignment of research activity to ERA indicators of quality.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper emphasises the importance of research to academics and the need to allocate dedicated time in a school's curriculum.Originality/valueThe paper is a reflective piece written during a research day inspired by proceedings.
Accounting scholars and journals rating and benchmarking
Authors: Parker Lee D. , Guthrie James 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThis editorial aims to consider contemporary issues for accounting scholars, in particular journals rating and benchmarking, arguing that current international trends are risking academic research quality.Design/methodology/approachThis paper takes the form of an editorial review and argument.FindingsThe paper acknowledges that accounting academic research is important to the higher education system, careers and publishers. However, its quality and the construction and measurement of the quality of accounting journals and research impact on society continue to be hotly debated.Research limitations/implicationsThe editorial offers scope for accounting academics to engage in debate about the impact of journal rankings and benchmarking on their teaching and research, important issues in higher education, not only in Australia, but also internationally.Originality/valueThe paper provides commentary on the “quality” of accounting research and measurement practices associated with rating and benchmarking academic journals.
Out of control? Strategy in the NFP sector: the implications for management control
Authors: Tucker Basil P. , Parker Lee D. 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThis aim of this study is to explore the relationship between management control systems (MCSs) and the formulation of strategy in not‐for‐profit (NFP) organisations.Design/methodology/approachThe paper views the relationship between MCS and strategy through the contrasting lenses of new‐institutional and contingency theory, using data collected from semi‐structured interviews of CEOs and senior executives in 32 Australian NFPs.FindingsStrategy is formulated predominantly by intended means, through structured strategic planning processes. Emergent strategy is typically a rare means by which strategy is developed, and is in fact often actively discouraged in the NFPs investigated. Contrary to expectations, control is predominantly exercised through informal means, rather than by formally designed systems.Originality/valueWith strategy and control being central concerns for most NFPs, this sector provides a unique vehicle for exploring the “robustness” of prior MCS strategy empirical findings. Investigating the MCS strategy relationship within a highly complex NFP context is thus an “acid test” of existing understanding of the MCS‐strategy nexus. As one of the few studies to investigate the relationship between control and strategy as it may apply in this context, this study refines and further develops extant management control theory.
Grazing management can counteract the impacts of climate change‐induced sea level rise on salt marsh‐dependent waterbirds
Authors: Clausen Kevin K. , Stjernholm Michael , Clausen Preben 
Published: March 2013

Summary

Climate change–induced rises in sea level threaten to drastically reduce the areal extent of important salt marsh habitats for large numbers of waterfowl and waders. Furthermore, recent changes in management practice have rendered existent salt marshes unfavourable to many birds, as lack of grazing has induced an increase in high‐sward communities on former good‐quality marshes.
Based on a high‐resolution digital elevation model and two scenarios for projected rise in near‐future sea levels, we employ an ArcMap allocation model to foresee the areal loss in salt marsh associated with these changes. In addition, we quantify the areal extent of inadequate salt marsh management in four EU Special Protection Areas for Birds, and demonstrate concurrent population dynamics in four species relying on managed habitats. We conclude by investigating potential compensation for climate change–induced salt marsh losses by means of more efficient management.
Our models indicate that by the end of this century 15·3–43·6% of existent salt marshes will be flooded due to rising sea levels, and that inadequate managed salt marsh presently makes up around 51·1% of total marshes. Thus, re‐establishing extensive areas of well‐managed marshes might counterbalance the loss expected from rising sea levels during the next century.
In addition to positive effects on plant diversity, this will benefit energetically challenged herbivorous waterfowl such as light‐bellied brent geese Branta bernicla hrota L. and increase potential recovery of wader populations with unfavourable conservation status such as black‐tailed godwit Limosa limosa L., dunlin Calidris alpina L. and ruff Philomachus pugnax L.
Synthesis and applications. Implementing environmentally friendly management schemes based on extensive grazing (around 1 cow per hectare) is an important initiative to counteract the accelerating climate change–induced habitat loss in near‐coastal areas across the globe, and to secure priority salt marsh habitats that support internationally important populations of breeding, wintering and staging waterfowl. However, this may only be a temporary solution that will have to be supplemented by increased reintegration with the sea and managed retreat of seawalls or near‐coastal agricultural areas to effectively safeguard the future salt marsh biome.
Barriers to Use of Workers' Compensation for Patient Care at Massachusetts Community Health Centers
Authors: Azaroff Lenore S. , Davis Letitia K. , Naparstek Robert , Hashimoto Dean , Laing James R. , Wegman David H. 
Published: March 2013

ObjectivesTo examine barriers community health centers (CHCs) face in using workers' compensation insurance (WC).Data Sources/Study SettingLeadership of CHCs in Massachusetts.Study DesignWe used purposeful snowball sampling of CHC leaders for in‐depth exploration of reimbursement policies and practices, experiences with WC, and decisions about using WC. We quantified the prevalence of perceived barriers to using WC through a mail survey of all CHCs in Massachusetts.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsEmergent coding was used to elaborate themes and processes related to use of WC. Numbers and percentages of survey responses were calculated.Principal FindingsFew CHCs formally discourage use of WC, but underutilization emerged as a major issue: “We see an awful lot of work‐related injury, and I would say that most of it doesn't go through workers' comp.” Barriers include lack of familiarity with WC, uncertainty about work‐relatedness, and reliance on patients to identify work‐relatedness of their conditions. Reimbursement delays and denials lead patients and CHCs to absorb costs of services.ConclusionFollow‐up studies should fully characterize barriers to CHC use of WC and experiences in other states to guide system changes in CHCs and WC agencies. Education should target CHC staff and workers about WC.
Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease in Women: The Obstetric‐Gynecologist's Point of View
Authors: Perrone Giuseppina , Brunelli Roberto 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIt has been confirmed that cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality not only in men but also in women. The most recent American Heart Association (AHA) and European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) recommendations specifically address women. This is in response to the majority of studies that primarily involved men. Ideal cardiovascular health has been defined for women, and new factors were added to the traditional risk factors. As stated by the American and European Menopause Societies (NAMS and EMAS), hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is no longer believed to be protective for CVD; on the contrary, women benefit just as much as men from statins to lower their risk of heart disease. At the onset of menopause, women exhibit an increase in cholesterol and an increased risk of CVD. Unfortunately, hyperlipidemia is largely undertreated in women, although the rate of hypercholesterolemia among women is similar to that of men. More aggressive intervention is recommended for persons with multiple risk factors and/or monogenic dyslipidemias. In women affected by familial hypercholesterolemia in the homozygous and compound forms, treatment such as lipoprotein apheresis is also suggested. There is evidence for the use of these techniques even in pregnancy. An update on the most recent guidelines issued by AHA, EAS, NAMS and EMAS for the prevention of CVD in women along with a brief overview on the use of lipoprotein apheresis in women during pregnancy is reported.
Integrative genetic and metabolite profiling analysis suggests altered phosphatidylcholine metabolism in asthma
Authors: Ried J. S. , Baurecht H. , Stückler F. , Krumsiek J. , Gieger C. , Heinrich J. , Kabesch M. , Prehn C. , Peters A. , Rodriguez E. , Schulz H. , Strauch K. , Suhre K. , Wang‐Sattler R. , Wichmann H.‐E. , Theis F. J. , Illig T. , Adamski J. , Weidinger S. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundGenome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many risk loci for asthma, but effect sizes are small, and in most cases, the biological mechanisms are unclear. Targeted metabolite quantification that provides information about a whole range of pathways of intermediary metabolism can help to identify biomarkers and investigate disease mechanisms. Combining genetic and metabolic information can aid in characterizing genetic association signals with high resolution. This work aimed to investigate the interrelation of current asthma, candidate asthma risk alleles and a panel of metabolites.MethodsWe investigated 151 metabolites, quantified by targeted mass spectrometry, in fasting serum of asthmatic and nonasthmatic individuals from the population‐based KORA F4 study (N = 2925). In addition, we analysed effects of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 24 asthma risk loci on these metabolites.ResultsIncreased levels of various phosphatidylcholines and decreased levels of various lyso‐phosphatidylcholines were associated with asthma. Likewise, asthma risk alleles from the PDED3 and MED24 genes at the asthma susceptibility locus 17q21 were associated with increased concentrations of various phosphatidylcholines with consistent effect directions.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated the potential of metabolomics to infer asthma‐related biomarkers by the identification of potentially deregulated phospholipids that associate with asthma and asthma risk alleles.
From the Firm to the Network: Global Value Chains and Employment Relations Theory
Authors: Lakhani Tashlin , Kuruvilla Sarosh , Avgar Ariel 
Published: March 2013

AbstractWe posit that traditional employment relations theories that focus on individual firms embedded in distinct national institutional contexts are no longer adequate for the analysis of employment relations in a globalized era where production and services are increasingly coordinated across countries and firms. Building on global value chain theory, we introduce a configurational framework that explicitly addresses the employment relations implications of the interconnections within and between firms in the global economy. We argue that different value chain configurations will evidence different employment relations patterns, and we validate our framework by applying it to the study of three contemporary global issues. In sum, the framework permits a shift in the focus of employment relations scholarship away from the individual firm to the global networks in which they belong, and hence provides a new theoretical lens for the analysis of employment relations in the global economy.
Endocrine effects of hCG supplementation to recombinant FSH throughout controlled ovarian stimulation for IVF: a dose–response study
Authors: Thuesen L. L. , Smitz J. , Loft A. , Nyboe Andersen A. 
Published: March 2013

SummaryObjectiveTo analyse the endocrine response in relation to the Δ‐4 and Δ‐5 pathways of ovarian steroidogenesis after different doses of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) supplementation to recombinant FSH from Day 1 of controlled ovarian stimulation for IVF.DesignA randomized dose–response pilot study.PatientsA total of 62 IVF patients aged 25–37 years with regular cycles and FSH <12 IU/l were treated with a fixed dose of rFSH 150 IU/day and randomized to four hCG dose groups: Dose 0: 0 IU/day, Dose 50: 50 IU/day, Dose 100: 100 IU/day and Dose 150: 150 IU/day.ResultsA significant hCG dose‐dependent incremental increase was found for progesterone (49–160%), 17‐OH‐progesterone (223–614%), androstenedione (91–340%) and testosterone (95–338%) from Dose 0 to Dose 150, respectively. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) showed minor changes during stimulation and no differences between the groups. The highest oestradiol concentrations were observed in Dose 100 and Dose 150. Sex hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG) increased similarly in all groups at the end of stimulation. No difference was observed for anti‐müllerian hormone (AMH) concentration between the groups, but a 50% decline from the start to the end of the stimulation was found.ConclusionSupplementation with hCG resulted in a clear dose‐related response for androgens, progesterone and 17‐OH‐progesterone. Oestradiol concentration reached maximum levels with an hCG dose of 100 IU/day, suggesting saturation of aromatase function. No difference between the groups was observed for DHEA, supporting that the stimulatory effects of hCG doses on androgens and oestrogen production were mainly induced via the Δ‐5 pathway. SHBG, being a biomarker of oestrogen/androgen balance, was not changed by increasing hCG.
In Vivo and In Vitro Studies of Epithelial Cell Behavior around Titanium Implants with Machined and Rough Surfaces
Authors: Atsuta Ikiru , Ayukawa Yasunori , Furuhashi Akihiro , Ogino Yoichiro , Moriyama Yasuko , Tsukiyama Yoshihiro , Koyano Kiyoshi 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe surface roughness of a dental implant affects the epithelial wound healing process and may significantly enhance implant prognosis.PurposeWe explored the influence of surface roughness on peri‐implant epithelium (PIE) sealing and down‐growth by comparing machine‐surfaced (Ms) and rough‐surfaced (Rs) implants.Materials and Methods(1) Maxillary first molars were extracted from rats and replaced with Ms or Rs implants. (2) We also compared changes in the morphology of cultured rat oral epithelial cells (OECs) grown on Ms or Rs titanium (Ti) plates.Results(1) After 4 weeks, the PIE around Ms and Rs implants showed a similar structure to junctional epithelium (JE). At 16 weeks, Rs implants appeared to form a weak epithelial seal at the tissue‐implant interface and exhibited markedly less PIE down‐growth than Ms implants but was deeper than that observed in natural teeth. (2) We observed less expression of adhesion proteins in OECs cultured on Rs plates than in cells grown on Ms plates. Additionally, cell adherence, migration, and proliferation on Rs plates were lower, whereas apoptosis was reduced on Ms plates.ConclusionMs implants are a better choice for integration with an epithelial wound healing process.
A 2013 updated systematic review & meta‐analysis of 36 randomized controlled trials; no apparent effects of non steroidal anti‐inflammatory agents on the risk of bleeding after tonsillectomy
Authors: Riggin L. , Ramakrishna J. , Sommer D.D , Koren G. 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundAlthough the literature suggests that non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are effective in controlling post‐operative pain in the paediatric population, physicians have been reluctant to utilise these medications after tonsillectomy due to concerns of increased bleeding rates. While many surgeons prescribe opioid analgesics postoperatively, these are associated with a number of potential adverse side‐effects including nausea, vomiting, constipation, excessive sedation and respiratory compromise.Objective of reviewTo compare bleeding rates and severity between recipients of NSAIDs versus placebo or opioid analgesics for tonsillectomy.Search strategyTwo authors independently searched electronic databases including PubMed, OVID, EMBASE and Cochrane Review from inception to July 2012. The keywords used included: Adenotonsillectomy, Tonsillectomy, Analgesia, Bleeding, Perioperative and Postoperative. These were then combined in various combinations with specific NSAIDs.Evaluation methodA systematic review and meta‐analysis of all randomised control trials comparing bleeding rates and severity between NSAIDs versus placebo or opioids post‐tonsillectomy.ResultsA total of 36 studies met our inclusion criteria including 1747 children and 1446 adults. When all of the studies were combined in a meta‐analysis using the most severe outcome, there was no increased risk of bleeding in those using NSAIDs after tonsillectomy. Use of NSAIDs in general [1.30 (0.90–1.88)] or in children [1.06 (0.65–1.74)] was not associated with increased risk of bleeding in general, most severe bleeding, secondary haemorrhage, readmission or need of reoperation due to bleeding. Similarly, there was no increased bleeding risk for specific NSAIDs in adults. In the studies looking at paediatric subjects, the overall odds ratio of bleeding was even lower than in the general population and not significant. This result is based on 18 studies, six of which had zero outcomes in either treatment arm. Similar to the general population analysis, there was no significant difference in any of the subanalyses: bleeds treated with reoperation, readmission or bleeds in children that could be managed conservatively. There were also no significant differences in the subanalyses of individual NSAIDs. Similarly, there was no significant difference in rates of bleeding in the subanalysis of studies that gave NSAIDs multiple times, for instance, both before and after surgery.ConclusionsThese results suggest that NSAIDs can be considered as a safe method of analgesia among children undergoing tonsillectomy.
Light fastness and high‐temperature stability of thermochromic printing inks
Authors: Friškovec Mojca , Kulčar Rahela , Gunde Marta Klanjšek 
Published: March 2013

Thermochromic printing inks are known for their low stability under the influence of various external conditions, but the consequences of the phenomenon on dynamic colorimetric properties have not yet been analysed. In this work, thermochromic prints were exposed to light and heated at two different temperatures, 150 and 200 °C, for varying time periods. The changes to the dynamic colour properties of the samples were described. It was found that both exposure to light and heating to high temperatures degrade the dynamic properties of thermochromic inks; however, they have different effects on the colour hysteresis. The corresponding loops contract with light exposure and heating, which is best described by the area of the entire colour loop. Exposure to light broadens the corresponding loop, while heating makes it narrower. The chemical stability of inks after exposure was also analysed by forced oxidation applying weakly ionised oxygen plasma. Stability of thermochromic samples is a combined effect of the binder, the polymeric shell and the active core inside the pigment capsules. The results show that poor stability against light and high temperatures has different origins.
Use of azathioprine for non‐thymoma myasthenia and risk of cancer: a nationwide case–control study in Denmark
Authors: Pedersen E. G. , Pottegård A. , Hallas J. , Friis S. , Hansen K. , Jensen P. E. H. , Gaist D. 
Published: March 2013

Background and purposeTo evaluate the association between the use of azathioprine and risk of cancer in patients with non‐thymoma myasthenia gravis (MG) in a nationwide setting.MethodsCase–control study based on population‐based registries. Cases were patients with MG with a first time diagnosis of cancer (except non‐melanoma skin cancer) registered during 2000–2009, and controls were patients with MG with no history of cancer. Prior use of azathioprine in cases and controls was assessed through prescription records (1995–2009). We used unconditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for cancer associated with a high cumulative dose [≥ 1000 defined daily doses (DDD)] or long‐term use (≥ 5 years) of azathioprine, compared with never use of the drug and adjusted for potential confounders.ResultsWe identified 89 cases and 873 controls. The prevalence of ever use of azathioprine was similar among cases (39.3%) and controls (39.4%). We observed a slightly elevated OR for cancer overall associated with long‐term use of azathioprine (1.22; 95% CI: 0.62–2.40, P = 0.56). The highest ORs were observed for use of 2000 DDD or more of azathioprine; however, these risk estimates were based on small numbers.ConclusionsUse of azathioprine in patients with non‐thymoma MG may be associated with a slightly increased risk of cancer overall. Larger studies are necessary to address the risk of site‐specific cancers.