bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How does green finance policy affect firms' pro‐environmental mergers and acquisitions?
Authors: Yi Zhimin , Liu Haiyue , Wang Yile , Chen Jinyong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe study reveals that the Green Credit Guidelines significantly encourage firms' pro‐environmental mergers and acquisitions (M&As) among polluting industries, as evidenced by difference‐in‐differences estimations with Chinese listed firms (2004–2020). Three primary mechanisms include increased commercial credit financing, improvements within firm agencies, and heightened scrutiny from external analysts. The effect is more prominent in non‐state‐owned firms, firms with a higher number of executives with financial backgrounds, and regions with lower levels of green financial development and environmental regulations. Post‐M&A, acquiring firms demonstrate a marked decrease in environmental governance expenses and carbon emissions, alongside an improvement in overall environmental performance.
Assessing the Effect of Predator Control on Black‐Footed Cat Survival in Central South Africa
Authors: Lai Sandra , Warret Rodrigues Chloé , O'Donnell Holly , Küsters Martina , Herrick Jason , Lawrenz Arne , Lamberski Nadine , Schroeder Michelle , Wilson Beryl , Sliwa Alexander 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe black‐footed cat, a small felid endemic to southern Africa, is particularly vulnerable to killing by larger carnivores while also being prone to developing renal diseases. Here, we investigated the effect of predator control on black‐footed cat populations by comparing adult annual survival between two sites, a nature reserve with little predator management and a sheep and game farm where jackals and caracals were lethally controlled. Although relatively low, survival rates were similar for both sites, suggesting that intraguild killing did not have an additive effect on black‐footed cat mortality. Disease was however prevalent and weakened individuals might have a reduced ability to evade predators.
Exposure–response modelling of osimertinib in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Johnson Martin , Lin Yu‐Wei , Schmidt Henning , Sunnaker Mikael , Van Maanen Eline , Huang Xiangning , Rukazenkov Yuri , Tomkinson Helen , Vishwanathan Karthick 
Published: August 2024

AimsOsimertinib is a third‐generation, irreversible, central nervous system‐active, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with efficacy in EGFR‐mutated non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We assessed the relationship between plasma osimertinib levels and its efficacy and safety events.MethodsComprehensive pharmacokinetics exposure–response (E–R) modelling was performed utilizing steady state area under the curve (AUCss) data from first‐line, ≥second‐line and adjuvant studies from the osimertinib clinical development programme (20–240 mg once‐daily dosing; N = 1689 patients). Analyses were conducted for survival using a proportional hazard model; for interstitial lung disease (ILD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) events using a penalized logistic regression model and graphical analysis of potential confounding factors; and for rash and diarrhoea events using descriptive analysis.ResultsE–R modelling analyses indicated no clear trend of increasing efficacy with increasing osimertinib AUCss; efficacy in all exposure quartiles was significantly better than the control arm (comparator EGFR‐TKI, chemotherapy or placebo) irrespective of treatment line. Model‐based analysis suggested a potential relationship between increased osimertinib exposure and increased probability of ILD events, predominantly in Japanese patients. Additionally, there were increased probabilities of rash or diarrhoea with increasing osimertinib exposure. The probability of LVEF events showed overlapping confidence intervals for osimertinib ≤80 mg and control.ConclusionsE–R modelling in patients with EGFR‐mutated NSCLC demonstrated that increased osimertinib exposure was unlikely to increase efficacy but may increase occurrence of certain adverse events. Hence, long‐term treatment with doses ≥80 mg was not expected to provide additional benefit.
Long noncoding RNA H19 knockdown promotes angiogenesis via IMP2 after ischemic stroke
Authors: Zhong Liyuan , Fan Junfen , Yan Feng , Yang Zhenhong , Hu Yue , Li Lingzhi , Wang Rongliang , Zheng Yangmin , Luo Yumin , Liu Ping 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to explore the effects of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 knockdown on angiogenesis and blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and elucidate their underlying regulatory mechanisms.MethodsA middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion model was used to induce cerebral I/R injury. The cerebral infarct volume and neurological impairment were assessed using 2,3,5‐triphenyl‐tetrazolium chloride staining and neurobehavioral tests, respectively. Relevant proteins were evaluated using western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Additionally, a bioinformatics website was used to predict the potential target genes of lncRNA H19. Finally, a rescue experiment was conducted to confirm the potential mechanism.ResultsSilencing of H19 significantly decreased the cerebral infarct volume, enhanced the recovery of neurological function, mitigated BBB damage, and stimulated endothelial cell proliferation following ischemic stroke. Insulin‐like growth factor 2 mRNA‐binding protein 2 (IMP2) is predicted to be a potential target gene for lncRNA H19. H19 knockdown increased IMP2 protein expression and IMP2 inhibition reversed the protective effects of H19 inhibition.ConclusionDownregulation of H19 enhances angiogenesis and mitigates BBB damage by regulating IMP2, thereby alleviating cerebral I/R injury.
Challenges with sirolimus experimental data to inform QSP model of post‐transplantation cyclophosphamide regimens
Authors: Mohanan Ezhilpavai , Shen Guofang , Ren Suping , Fan Hsuan‐Hao , Moua Kao Tang Ying , Karolak Aleksandra , Rockne Russell C. , Nakamura Ryotaro , Horne David A. , Kanakry Christopher G. , Mager Donald E. , McCune Jeannine S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDose optimization of sirolimus may further improve outcomes in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) patients receiving post‐transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) to prevent graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD). Sirolimus exposure–response association studies in HCT patients (i.e., the association of trough concentration with clinical outcomes) have been conflicting. Sirolimus has important effects on T‐cells, including conventional (Tcons) and regulatory T‐cells (Tregs), both of which have been implicated in the mechanisms by which PTCy prevents GVHD, but there is an absence of validated biomarkers of sirolimus effects on these cell subsets. Considering the paucity of existing biomarkers and the complexities of the immune system, we conducted a literature review to inform a quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) model of GVHD. The published literature presented multiple challenges. The sirolimus pharmacokinetic models insufficiently describe sirolimus distribution to relevant physiological compartments. Despite multiple publications describing sirolimus effects on Tcons and Tregs in preclinical and human ex vivo models, consistent parameters relating sirolimus concentrations to circulating Tcons and Tregs could not be found. Each aspect presents a challenge in building a QSP model of sirolimus and its temporal effects on T‐cell subsets and GVHD prevention. To optimize GVHD prevention regimens, phase I studies and systematic studies of immunosuppressant concentration–effect association are needed for QSP modeling.
The top 10 priorities in adults living with type 1 diabetes in Ireland and the United Kingdom – A James Lind Alliance priority setting partnership
Authors: Newman Christine , Kinsella Suzannah , Rooney Peter , Bromley Jake , Connor Rachel , Gajewska Kate , Hannan Sinead , Holt Richard I. G. , Hubbard Julia , Kavangh Columb , Moffett Jinty , Morris Anna , Nathan Hilary , Oliver Nick , Petrie John R. , Skarlatos Michael , Treanor David , Williams Pauline , Dunne Fidelma P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsTo undertake a Priority Setting Partnership (PSP), identifying the most important unanswered questions in type 1 diabetes in Ireland and the United Kingdom and to compare these to priorities identified in a 2011 PSP.MethodsA steering committee (including eight individuals with lived experience/charity representatives and six clinicians) designed a survey which asked stakeholders to list three questions about type 1 diabetes. This was disseminated through social media, direct email contact, and printed posters. Following analysis, a second survey asked participants to rank these priorities in order of importance. The top questions were then carried forward to an online, 2 days final workshop where the final top 10 were ranked.ResultsThere were 1050 responses (64% female, 78% adults living with type 1 diabetes, 9% healthcare professionals, 9% family members) to the first survey and 2937 individual questions were submitted. Sixty‐five summary questions were submitted into a second survey, completed by 497 individuals (76% adults living with type 1 diabetes, 9% healthcare professionals, and 11% family members). Nineteen questions from the interim survey progressed to a final workshop, which identified the top 10 priorities through group discussion. As in 2011, there was emphasis on psychological health, diabetes‐related complications, and hypoglycaemia. New themes prioritised included artificial intelligence and women's health.ConclusionsThe research priorities, which have been identified using a robust and proven methodology, highlight the key concerns of those living with type 1 diabetes, their families and representatives, as well as clinicians in Ireland and the UK.
Safety evaluation of bi‐layered allogenic keratinocyte and fibroblast skin substitute for diabetic foot ulcers—SAFESKIN‐DFU: A Phase 1 clinical trial
Authors: Farzanbakhsh Shayan , Amini Mohammad Reza , Madani Hoda , Sadri Bahareh , Hassani Seyedeh Nafiseh , Fallah Nasrin , Samadian Azam , Aghdami Raheleh , Khalajasadi Zahra , Baharvand Hossein , Vosough Massoud , Hajizadeh‐Saffar Ensiyeh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimTo assess the safety and efficacy of a local skin substitute product in the treatment of chronic diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs).Materials and MethodsFive patients were evaluated over 6 months. Skin substitutes were applied twice at 2‐week intervals. Patients were monitored for any possible adverse effects and wound improvement.ResultsThe results indicated the overall safety of the skin substitute, with only few adverse effects unrelated to this product. Significant reduction in wound size was observed in four patients during the initial 12‐week treatment phase, with complete closure in two patients at 24 weeks.ConclusionsThe application of a bi‐layered allogeneic keratinocyte and fibroblast skin substitute in patients with chronic DFU was safe and associated with favourable wound healing results. Adherence to standard treatment protocols, including optimal offloading, is essential to maximize the likelihood of successful wound healing.
The effectiveness of telemonitoring and integrated personalized diabetes management in people with insulin‐treated type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Saetang Thanyalak , Greeviroj Primploy , Thavaraputta Subhanudh , Santisitthanon Prangareeya , Houngngam Natnicha , Laichuthai Nitchakarn 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of integrated personalized diabetes management (iPDM) through telemedicine (tele‐iPDM) with regard to glycaemic control.MethodsA 6‐month single‐centre, open‐label, prospective randomized controlled trial enrolled insulin‐treated patients with type 2 diabetes, aged 18–65 years with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels of 7.5%–10.5%. The tele‐iPDM group received insulin adjustment by investigators through a cloud‐based telemonitoring platform for 6 months (blood glucose monitoring reviewed weekly from Weeks 0 to 12 and then monthly from Weeks 13 to 24). The control group performed self‐monitoring and insulin adjustment. The primary outcome was the difference in HbA1c change from baseline between the two groups at 24 weeks. Secondary outcomes included changes in HbA1c at 12 weeks, fasting plasma glucose, body weight, body mass index (BMI), the percentage of individuals achieving HbA1c <7% at 24 weeks, the percentage of individuals with an HbA1c reduction of >0.5% at 24 weeks, and incidences of hypoglycaemic events.ResultsA total of 151 participants were enrolled, with a mean age of 53.36 ± 8.08 years and a mean diabetes duration of 12.38 ± 8.47 years. The baseline HbA1c was 8.47 ± 0.76%. The mean HbA1c decreased from baseline to 12 and 24 weeks in both groups. At 12 weeks, HbA1c reduction from baseline was −1.2% (95%CI −1.42 to −0.98) in the tele‐iPDM group and −0.57% (95%CI −0.79 to −0.36) in the control group. The mean difference in HbA1c between the tele‐iPDM and usual care groups at 12 weeks was −0.63% (95%CI −0.94 to −0.32; p < 0.001). At 24 weeks, HbA1c reduction from baseline was −1.14% (95%CI −1.38 to −0.89) in the tele‐iPDM group and − 0.49% (95%CI −0.73 to −0.25) in the control group. The mean difference in HbA1c between the tele‐iPDM and usual care groups was −0.65% (95%CI −0.99 to −0.30; p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in body weight, BMI, or hypoglycaemic events between the two groups.ConclusionTelemonitoring can support the iPDM care model in individuals with insulin‐treated type 2 diabetes. It improves the efficiency of diabetes care, enhances glycaemic control at 12 weeks, and sustains glycaemic control at 24 weeks.
Draft deferments and higher education: New evidence from a totalitarian state
Authors: Lskavyan Vahe 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPrevious studies report mixed results regarding the relationship between military conscription and educational incentives. We provide new evidence from a distinct institutional environment—the Soviet Union, a totalitarian and centrally planned superpower. We examine the impact of abolishing student deferments on higher education (HE) enrollments. Competing hypotheses about the value of Soviet HE imply an uncertain relationship. For a sample of individuals from Latvia, then part of the Soviet Union, we find that this change significantly reduced the odds of male but not female enrollments. There is no evidence that this relationship varied by nationality. Additionally, we find that males who enrolled in HE just before the deferments were abolished were less likely to complete their education. Our results confirm that Soviet HE was used, in part, to avoid military service.
Functional redundancy in carrion decomposition by temperate forest ant communities
Authors: Salido Angela , Reyes‐López Joaquín L. , Parejo Deseada , Avilés Jesús M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Scavenging of small avian corpses may provide ants with a valuable source of nutrients, a possibility poorly studied.
Here, we assessed whether ants are efficient carrion‐decomposers of avian corpses in Mediterranean dehesas through an exclusion experiment comparing decomposition rates among three treatments: vertebrate exclusion, vertebrate + invertebrate exclusion and control. Treatments were applied in a paired design in bird cavities and on the ground in two zones to assess functional redundancy. Ant community was characterized by pitfall traps, and key functional traits influencing ants' presence on carrion were identified by using phylogenetic comparative methods.
Carrion decomposition was influenced by the exclusion treatment, being significantly faster when ants and other invertebrates were not excluded, but not by location (cavity/ground). Vertebrates were less likely to detect baits in cavities and removed more bait mass in the most transformed zone. Twelve of 25 ant species in the community were found foraging on baits. Ant communities differed between carrion location and localities. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the proneness of ant species to forage on carrion was unrelated to morphological or social traits, but behavioural, being higher among species foraging collectively.
Our results show that ants play a functionally unique role in the decomposition of small corpses in dehesas, and particularly so in trees and less transformed pastureland. Decomposition involves different species in different microhabitats, suggesting high functional redundancy across ants. Our findings provide new insights into the role of ants as scavengers and expand our understanding of the functioning of Mediterranean communities.
Comparison of dopamine release and uptake parameters across sex, species and striatal subregions
Authors: Kuiper Lindsey B. , Dawes Monica H. , West Alyssa M. , DiMarco Emily K. , Galante Emma V. , Kishida Kenneth T. , Jones Sara R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFor over four decades, fast‐scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) has been used to selectively measure neurotransmitters such as dopamine (DA) with high spatial and temporal resolution, providing detailed information about the regulation of DA in the extracellular space. FSCV is an optimal method for determining concentrations of stimulus‐evoked DA in brain tissue. When modelling diseases involving disturbances in DA transmission, preclinical rodent models are especially useful because of the availability of specialized tools and techniques that serve as a foundation for translational research. There is known heterogeneity in DA dynamics between and within DA‐innervated brain structures and between males and females. However, systematic evaluations of sex‐ and species‐differences across multiple areas are lacking. Therefore, using FSCV, we captured a broad range of DA dynamics across five sub‐regions of the dorsal and ventral striatum of males and females of both rats and mice that reflect the functional heterogeneity of DA kinetics and dynamics within these structures. While numerous differences were found, in particular, we documented a strong, consistent pattern of increased DA transporter activity in females in all of the regions surveyed. The data herein are intended to be used as a resource for further investigation of DA terminal function.
Rat anterior cingulate neurons responsive to rule or strategy changes are modulated by the hippocampal theta rhythm and sharp‐wave ripples
Authors: Khamassi M. , Peyrache A. , Benchenane K. , Hopkins D. A. , Lebas N. , Douchamps V. , Droulez J. , Battaglia F. P. , Wiener S. I. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo better understand neural processing during adaptive learning of stimulus‐response‐reward contingencies, we recorded synchrony of neuronal activity in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and hippocampal rhythms in male rats acquiring and switching between spatial and visual discrimination tasks in a Y‐maze. ACC population activity as well as single unit activity shifted shortly after task rule changes or just before the rats adopted different task strategies. Hippocampal theta oscillations (associated with memory encoding) modulated an elevated proportion of rule‐change responsive neurons (70%), but other neurons that were correlated with strategy‐change, strategy value and reward‐rate were not. However, hippocampal sharp wave‐ripples modulated significantly higher proportions of rule‐change, strategy‐change and reward‐rate responsive cells during post‐session sleep but not pre‐session sleep. This suggests an underestimated mechanism for hippocampal mismatch and contextual signals to facilitate ACC to detect contingency changes for cognitive flexibility, a function that is attenuated after it is damaged.
Effect of estrogen depression on alveolar bone microarchitecture and periodontal ligament cells during orthodontic movement
Authors: Ruivo Andréa Karina , Calsa Bruno , Cancellara Matheus Gomez , Lima João Paulo Nascimento , da Silva Karla Rovaris , Esquisatto Marcelo Augusto Marretto , Santamaria‐Jr Milton 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of the estrogen depression during orthodontic tooth movement on alveolar bone microarchitecture and periodontal ligament. Female Wistar rats were divided into two groups, one consisting of non‐ovariectomized animals subjected to orthodontic tooth movement, and one comprising ovariectomized animals subjected to orthodontic tooth movement. Micro‐CT assessment of bone volume to total volume (BV/TV), total porosity, trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N), and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) in the alveolar bone of the orthodontically moved tooth was performed. Histomorphometric analyses were made in the periodontal ligament, and immunoexpression of RANK, RANKL, OPG, and TUNEL were quantified. Orthodontic tooth movement in the group of ovariectomized rats was faster than in non‐ovariectomized animals. The alveolar bone area showed lower values of BV/TV and trabecular thickness, and higher bone porosity and trabeculae numbers in the ovariectomized rats. Histological analyses in the ovariectomized group revealed an increase in collagen fibers in the periodontal ligament. The apoptotic cell counts in the periodontal ligament were higher in the group of ovariectomized rats than in the sham‐operated rats. Ovariectomy resulted in an increase in tooth movement and alteration of the alveolar bone microstructure in the first 7 day of orthodontic tooth movement, and in the presence of apoptotic cells in the periodontal ligament.
The Hope of the Earth
Authors: Moltmann Jürgen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs a tribute to the German theologian Jürgen Moltmann, who died on 3 June 2024 in Tübingen, Germany, this issue of The Ecumenical Review is publishing a chapter from his book Hope in These Troubled Times, launched during Moltmann's last visit to the World Council of Churches in 2019. This chapter offers a critique of a theological approach that puts the human being at the centre of the relationship toward nature, an approach that has become questionable because of the ecological crisis. Instead, this chapter argues for a paradigm shift from placing the human being at the centre of the world to a cosmic integration of humanity, from the arrogance of global dominion to cosmic humbleness, from a distinction between God and the world to a mutual participation of a “world in God” and “God in the world.”