bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pattern of velopharyngeal valve closure in patients with cleft palate after primary cleft palate repair: A cross-sectional nasoendoscopic analysis
Authors: Adamson Olawale Olatunbosun , Egbunah Uchenna Patrick 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The velopharyngeal valve (VPV) consists of the velum, lateral pharyngeal walls, and posterior pharyngeal walls. Velopharyngeal (VP) closure is required during attempted phonation, deglutition, and sucking, and serves to prevent nasal regurgitation of fluids or solids that are normally delivered to the oropharynx.

Objectives:
This study aimed to identify the patterns of VPV closure in children with cleft palate (CP) who had palatal repair done and to determine the relationship between surgical technique and pattern of closure.

Patients and Methods:
This study was conducted in the nasoendoscopy room of the Orofacial Cleft Clinic, Lagos University Teaching Hospital. All patients with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate or isolated CP who had palatal repair done at age 12 months and above with either von Langenbeck, Bardach, or Furlow’s techniques were included in this review. All patients were examined using a flexible fiber-optic nasoendoscope.

Results:
There were 35 patients who had nasoendoscopy done and met the inclusion criteria. The most common pattern of closure of the VP mechanism in patients examined by nasoendoscopy was circular (48.6%), followed by coronal (37.1%). von Langenbeck’s technique had the highest frequency in all patterns of closure though this was not statistically significant (P = 0.47). Both von Langenbeck and Bardach techniques had both coronal and circular as their most common closure patterns, while Furlow’s had the circular as the most common pattern of closure.

Conclusion:
The most common pattern of closure of the VP mechanism in patients who had CP repair in this study was circular and there was no apparent relationship between the surgical technique of repair and pattern of closure.
Analysis of phenotypic characteristics and mutation patterns in syndromic craniofacial anomalies: Insights from a tertiary care medical genetics unit in South India
Authors: Aaron Rekha , Chellappa Roopa Kunthavai , Danda Sumita 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
Craniofacial anomalies (CFAs) are rare congenital anomalies that have a profound impact on social acceptance. Most of the syndromic CFAs are genetic in origin and are the result of alteration in single or multiple genes inherited from parents or de novo.

Aims:
The main aim of this study was to explore the phenotypic variations and the mutation profiles in the various CFA.

Subjects and Methods:
This was a retrospective study where records of 20 patients were obtained from electronic medical records for analysis. The numbers provided do not accurately reflect the true prevalence as they only encompass cases referred to our department for testing.

Results:
The median age in this cohort was 1 year with males 60% and females 40%. Out of 20 cases, 8 cases were classified as CFA-associated craniosynostosis and 12 with orofacial clefts. Disease-causing genes identified were FGFR2, RTTN, ASXL3, IRF6, TP63, POLR1D, TCOF1, KMT2D, KDM6A, LARP1, and C5orf42. Most of these craniofacial syndromes were predominantly autosomal dominant, sporadic, and de novo. We had three autosomal recessive cases (RTTN, LARP1, and C5orf42) and one X-linked dominant case (KDM6A). Two novel variants were identified, one for Van der Woude syndrome and another for Crouzon’s syndrome.

Conclusions:
Although these syndromes are rare in occurrence, the present study provides a detailed phenotypic spectrum and causative mutation in various CFAs in Indian patients. This is crucial for understanding the genetic basis of these conditions and can potentially lead to advancements in diagnosis, treatment, and appropriate genetic counseling.
Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: Focus on Imaging
Authors: Shukla Madhu , Burkule Nitin , Agrawal Vinayak , Mohan Jagdish Chander 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) is a broad term denoting subclinical or clinical heart muscle disease which presents predominantly with serious arrhythmias. Heart muscle disease or cardiomyopathy can present as an abnormal electrocardiogram, heart failure, syncope, arrhythmias, or sudden cardiac death. Ventricular arrhythmogenesis is the hallmark of this entity. A small but significant number of athletes experiencing sudden cardiac death have AC. AC has complex and ill-understood pathophysiology. Usually, arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathies are genetic or hereditary. In these patients, muscle hypertrophy, dilatation, cardiac fat metaplasia, and fibrosis provide the anatomic substrate for arrhythmias. Hereditary cardiomyopathies are considered primary diseases of the cardiac myocytes and their intercellular junctions. Secondary diseases of the myocardium due to coronary artery disease, hypertension, valvular heart disease, etc., are excluded from this nomenclature. Channelopathies are also not included in the spectrum of AC. Initially, AC was reported as a single phenotype and labeled arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, and it was considered a desmosomal disorder. Our current knowledge about this entity has expanded to include multiple variants of this entity with diverse genetic mutations. Its genotypes and phenotypes are still evolving. As of now, distinct desmosomal, cytoskeletal, nuclear, and sarcomeric ACs have been reported. Geography-specific syndromic ACs have also been described. It is a cell-to-cell disjunction cardiomyopathy impairing the inter- and intracellular signal transduction. Gap junctions make AC unique in the sense that arrhythmias precede structural alterations or heart failure in the vast majority. There is also a distinct arrhythmogenic atrial cardiomyopathy. Diagnostic algorithms include morphofunctional, depolarization and repolarization abnormalities, distinct genetic mutations, and typical arrhythmias which serve as the basis of scoring systems devised to diagnose AC. This review discusses salient aspects of AC focusing on imaging observations.
Delivering Integrated Care for Older People – A Feasibility Study on Online Training of Master Trainers
Authors: Kuba Ruchika , Singhal Sunny , Mathur Arvind , Goyal Laxmi Kant 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The World Health Organization has advocated the training of healthcare workers in providing integrated care for older people (ICOPE). Due to physical and financial barriers, training through online mode was adopted. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acceptability, feasibility and effectiveness of the online ICOPE training programme.

Subjects and Methods:
It was an observational study and 102 doctors from seven South Asian countries were imparted ICOPE training online. Knowledge was tested through multiple-choice questions. Feedback was taken through a structured online questionnaire after each session and after 1 year.

Results:
About 88.4% found the session satisfactory to excellent for grasping the concept. Seventy-nine per cent of participants rated the session interaction to be satisfactory to excellent. About 91.8% of participants rated the utility of the session as satisfactory to excellent as a future master trainer. Participants demonstrated significant improvement in knowledge post-training (mean difference of 3.6 ± 2.8; P < 0.001). Post 1-year responses remained positive with 91.3% using the course materials and skills, and 82.6% providing further training to other doctors.

Conclusions:
The online training programme is feasible and effective in imparting ICOPE training.
Need to go Beyond Iron Supplementation for ’Anaemia Mukt Bharat’ amongst Children Under 19 Years – An Ecological Study
Authors: Chinnadurai Aravinda , Raja Sangeetha 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Anaemia remains a prevalent issue in India, especially amongst the reproductive age group. This study was conducted to assess the contribution of micronutrient deficiencies beyond iron to this problem.

Materials and Methods:
Using data from the Comprehensive National Nutritional Survey 2016–2018 and key indicators from the Anaemia Mukt Bharat programme, we evaluated the role of micronutrient deficiencies in anaemia prevalence.

Results:
Our findings indicate that deficiencies in Vitamin A, B12, D, Zinc and folate significantly contribute to anaemia prevalence. In addition, the coverage of iron supplementation was low across many states and union territories.

Conclusions:
The current strategy of iron supplementation alone is insufficient. A broader approach, including multiple micronutrient supplementations, is necessary. The implementation of the AMB programme requires introspection with a focus on consistent drug supply and behavioural change campaigns in schools and Anganwadis.
Serious Adverse Events Following COVID 19 Vaccination in India: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Punathukandi Sruthikrishna , Thayyil Jayakrishnan , Nair Meera S. , Salam Ahana 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The aim of this study was to identify the type and detail the serious adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination in India.

Materials and Methods:
The descriptive study was conducted by extracting the data from the website by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India https://shorturl.at/imwJY. The variables analysed were types of vaccines, types of SAEFI, thromboembolic (TE) events, neurological manifestations and consistent causal association as per the World Health Organization. Data were entered into MS Excel and analysed using the SPSS software version 25.

Results:
Out of the total 1.9 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccines, 1527 cases of SAEFI were reported. Among these, 51.7% were coincidental and 30.8% were associated with vaccination. All the allergic reactions (58), anaphylaxis (50), TE events (342) and Guillain–Barre syndrome (41) had consistent causal association. Out of the 598 deaths, 2% of deaths had consistent causal association. In comparison of exposure to Covaxin, Covishield had high odds of death (odds ratio [OR] =1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.11–2.07), acute febrile illness (OR = 2.07; 95% CI = 1–4.3), TE events (OR = 1.58; 95% CI = 1.08–2.31) and cardiovascular events (OR = 2.03; 95% CI = 1.32–3.13).

Conclusions:
Compared to other countries, similar types of SAEFIs were reported from India but at a lower rate.
Juxtapapillary congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium: A report of two cases
Authors: Alshalan Hanan A. , Alsalamah Abrar K. , Nowilaty Sawsan R. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (CHRPE) occurring in the juxtapapillary location is extremely rare. In this report, we describe two cases of juxtapapillary CHRPEs discovered incidentally in two patients and highlight their clinical and multimodal retinal imaging features that helped establish the diagnosis and differentiate the lesions from other juxtapapillary solitary pigmented lesions.
Review of Pavement Thickness and Road Damage Using an Empirical Approach
Authors: Lakawa Irwan , Syamsuddin Syamsuddin , Hujiyanto Hujiyanto , Alfian Muhammad Fikri 
Published: August 2024

Road damage can be attributed to several factors, including high traffic volume, excessive vehicle loads, subgrade bearing capacity, and climatic conditions. Common. methods for road pavement planning include the Road Note 31 method, AASHTO 1993, Component Analysis, and the 2017 Pavement Design Manual. This study aims to review pavement thickness and identify the damage levels on the Palingi-Lansilowo road in Konawe Islands Regency.
The analysis results indicate that 50% of the road pavement falls into the Severely Damaged category, while the remaining 50% is classified as Moderately Damaged. The dominant causes of road damage are climatic factors and subgrade bearing capacity. The pavement thickness determined using the Component Analysis method includes subbase course of Class C Sand and Gravel (15 cm), base course of Class C Crushed Stone (15 cm), and surface course of Asphalt Concrete (5 cm). This review is based on traffic survey results from 2023. Therefore, it is recommended to reassess the road condition and pavement thickness in the next 10 years, considering urban development and traffic growth rate.
Building high-performance web applications with NextJS
Authors: Harrison Oke Ekpobimi  
Published: August 2024

Building high-performance web applications is crucial in today's fast-paced digital landscape, where user experience and speed are paramount. NextJS, a popular React framework, offers a robust solution for developing scalable and efficient web applications. This paper explores the key strategies and techniques for optimizing performance using NextJS, emphasizing its capabilities in static site generation (SSG), server-side rendering (SSR), and incremental static regeneration (ISR). NextJS simplifies the process of code splitting and lazy loading, ensuring that applications load faster and perform better by only delivering the necessary code to users. Image optimization is another critical aspect, with NextJS providing built-in components to manage images efficiently, reducing load times and enhancing visual performance. The framework's data-fetching methods, including getStaticProps, getServerSabsytrideProps, and getInitialProps, are designed to cater to various performance needs, allowing developers to choose the most suitable approach for their specific use cases. Enhancing user experience goes beyond load times. NextJS supports Progressive Web App (PWA) features, such as offline support and caching, which improve the mobile experience and overall application resilience. Accessibility is also a priority, with tools and techniques available to ensure that applications are usable by everyone, including those with disabilities. Advanced performance techniques include optimizing build performance through custom Webpack configurations, analyzing and reducing bundle sizes, and utilizing NextJS plugins and middleware. Integrating with a Content Delivery Network (CDN) further boosts performance by distributing content closer to users geographically. Continuous monitoring and maintenance are essential, with performance monitoring tools, automated CI/CD pipelines, and regular audits ensuring that applications remain performant and up-to-date. By leveraging NextJS's powerful features and following best practices for performance optimization, developers can create high-performance web applications that provide exceptional user experiences and meet the demands of modern web standards.
Keywords: Building, Web Application, NextJS, Information Technology, Tools.
Analisa kualitas Crude Palm Oil (CPO) pada vacuum dryer di PT. Socfin Indonesia Kebun Seunagan
Authors: Susanti Lusi , Husin Hasanuddin 
Published: August 2024

Produk yang dihasilkan di pabrik kelapa sawit (PKS) PT. Socfin Indonesia Kebun Seunagan adalah minyak kelapa sawit kasar atau Crude Palm Oil (CPO) dan inti kelapa sawit (kernel). Proses pengolahan kelapa sawit melalui beberapa stasiun antara lain stasiun penerimaan buah, stasiun perebusan, stasiun penebah, stasiun pengempaan, stasiun pemurnian dan stasiun pengolahan biji. Dalam industri pengolahan minyak kelapa sawit faktor utama yang dapat menimbulkan kerusakan mutu minyak sawit yaitu kandungan air dan kadar asam lemak bebas (ALB) yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas CPO pada Vacuum dryer di PKS PT. Socfin indonesia kebun Seunagan yang dilihat dari kadar ALB dan kadar air. Analisa kadar asam lemak bebas dilakukan dengan metode titrasi asam basa dengan menggunakan larutan standar NaOH 0.25 N, sedangkan analisa kadar air menggunakan metode gravimetri. Hasil perhitungan diperoleh rata-rata kadar asam lemak bebas (ALB) pada bagian atas yaitu 2,12%, lalu pada bagian tengah yaitu 2,21% dan pada bagian bawah yaitu 2,25%. Pada kadar air bagian atas dengan rata-rata yaitu 0,15%, lalu pada bagian tengah yaitu 0,19% dan pada bagian bawah yaitu 0,17% Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa dari analisa kadar asam lemak bebas, dan kadar air telah memenuhi syarat pabrik PT. Socfin Indonesia Kebun Seunagan dan Standar SNI.
Identifikasi pola agroforestri di Desa Sumber Sari Kecamatan Sebulu Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara
Authors: Prastiyo Yulius Budi 
Published: August 2024

Sistem agroforestri sebagai praktik teknologi penggunaan lahan secara terencana dengan mengkombinasikan tumbuhan berkayu dengan tanaman pertanian dan atau hewan (ternak) dan atau ikan secara bersamaan atau bergiliran, akan menghasilkan pola tanam dari interaksi komponen ekologis, sosial dan ekonomis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data pola tanam agroforestri pada daerah penelitian. Lokasi penelitian terletak di Desa Sumber Sari Kecamatan Sebulu Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara Metode penelitian menggunakan 15 responden petani yang memiliki lahan agroforestri dengan pengambilan data analisis vegetasi, sosial, dan ekonomi melalui metode survei dan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola agroforestri yang diterapkan oleh petani yaitu pola agrisilvikultur, agrosilvopastura, dan silvopastura. Terdapat kurang lebih 32 spesies tanaman pertanian dan perkebunan yang diusahakan oleh petani dengan fungsi sebagai penghasil buah, sayuran, dan fungsi lain. Interaksi komponen vegetasi, sosial, dan ekonomi telah membentuk pola tanam agroforestri yang khas. Penerapan pengelolaan lahan pola agroforestri telah memberikan kontribusi yang nyata bagi masyarakat di Desa Sumber Sari Kecamatan Sebulu Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara.
Pendampingan faktor faktor penyebab keterlambatan pembangunan Jembatan Karang Semanding Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Saputra Dofir Surya , Hidayat Ferdi , Zahriyah Aminatus 
Published: August 2024

Keberlanjutan pembangunan infrastruktur yang berkembang dalam era saat ini berperan sangat penting untuk menunjang kegiatan sosial ekonomi masyarakat dalam menunjang perkembangan nilai perekonomian yang lebih baik ke depan, seiring sumber daya manusia yang terus berkembang khususnya infrastruktur jembatan. Jembatan di Karang Semanding ini sebagai alasan pemilihan lokasi dikarenakan terjadi keterlambatan pada progres berjalannya pembangunan proyek yang dijadwalkan mulai pada tanggal 14 februari 2023 dan ditargetkan selesai pada tanggal 13 Juni 2023 namun sampai tanggal 14 Maret 2023 pelaksanaan pekerjaan belum dimulai oleh pihak pelaksana yakni CV. Bima Putra Nusantara. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan buat menganalisa faktor-faktor penyebab keterlambatan pada proyek pembangunan jembatan Karang Semanding. Kegiatan pendampingan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pendekatan percepatan dalam hal mengejar keterlambatan pembanguan jembatan Karang Semanding Metode pada kegiatan ini adalah Pertama, pendampingan penentuan faktor-faktor penyebab keterlambatan pembangunan jembatan Karang Semanding dan teluk. Kedua, pendampingan pasca penentuan yaitu pembuatan kuesioner, mengolah data, menganalisis data yang telah di dapat dari kuesioner yang kemudian untuk ditarik kesimpulan dengan pendekatan uji indeks pengaruh, indeks frekuensi, dan indeks kepentingan. Hasil Pendampingan ini adalah dilakukan dari identifikasi faktor-faktor apa saja penyebab keterlambatan. Faktor penyebab keterlambatan pembangunan jembatan Karang Semanding dengan nilai indeks kepentingan tertinggi yaitu faktor teknis dengan nilai indeks kepentingan sebesar 48,1% dan pendampingan memberikan pendekatan percepatan terhadap keterlambatan pembangunan jembatan Karang Semanding yang menjadi acuan pengambilan keputusan pihak mitra yakni CV. Bima Putra Nusantara dalam bentuk pre-order material precast dan kuantitas dan kualitas pekerja yang harus ditambah.
Penyuluhan pemanfaatan tumbuhan lokal sebagai pewarna alami kerajinan ecoprint
Authors: Syatrawati Syatrawati , Prastiyo Yulius Budi , Darwisah Baso , Wahyuni Sri , Muthmainna Muthmainna 
Published: August 2024

Keberagaman sumber daya alam tumbuhan dapat mendorong geliat perekonomian masyarakat Desa Barania sebagai desa wisata berbasis kelestarian lingkungan dan ekowisata. Potensi dan daya tarik alam yang indah, produk ekonomi kreatif seperti kuliner khas lokal, juga produk fashion, serta kegiatan budaya juga menambah potensi sebagai desa wisata. Mempertimbangkan potensi alam dan kemampuan dasar dalam mengelola kerajinan akan menjadi salah satu alternatif penghasilan warga masyarakat dan sekaligus sebagai produk khas daerah yang menjadi daya tarik. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan dalam memanfatkan tumbuhan lokal sebagai sumber pewarna alami pada berbagai produk fashion. Program pengabdian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April – November 2023 di Desa Barania, Kecamatan Sinjai Barat, Kabupaten Sinjai. Metode dengan sosialisasi memperkenalkan tujuan dan manfaat metode ecoprint, pemanfataan tumbuhan sebagai pewarna alami dan praktik tehnik membuat kerajinan yang berbasis pewarna alami serta pendampingan berkelanjutan. Peserta sangat antusias mengikuti seluruh rangkaian kegiatan dan akhirnya masyarakat sudah terampil memproduksi produk ecoprint. Dampak berkembangnya industri fashion ecoprint ini membantu mengatasi kendala polusi lingkungan akibat dari industri tekstil dan menjasi prinsip rancang berkelanjutan untuk menghasilkan karya fashion yang aman.
PERBANDINGAN KUALITAS KITOSAN PADA LIMBAH CANGKANG RAJUNGAN (Portunus pelagicus) REBUS DAN MENTAH DITINJAU DARI % N-DEASETILASI
Authors: Yudhantara Sandi Mahesa , Sugiyo Warlan , Buanasari Buanasari 
Published: August 2024

Kitosan merupakan Kitin yang terdeasetilasi sebanyak mungkin yang kualitasnya dapat diukur melalui nilai % N-Deasetilasi. Kitosan mempunyai potensi yang digunakan dalam berbagai bidang industri dan kesehatan, sehingga keperluannya dipengaruhi oleh standar kualitasnya. Cangkang Rajungan yang merupakan salah satu sumber bahan pembuatan Kitosan sampai saat ini pemanfaatannya belum maksimal, terutama cangkang dari limbah hasil konsumsi (restoran). Peneliti bermaksud untuk menguji Kitosan yang berasal dari cangkang Rajungan mentah dan yang telah dimasak untuk membandingkannya kualitasnya. Proses pembuatan Kitosan melalui tiga tahapan utama yaitu deproteinasi, demineralisasi dan deasetilasi, sedangkan pada tahapan analisisnya menggunakan metode base line dengan menggunakan alat spektrofotometer FT-IR. Hasilnya diperoleh harga % N-Deasetilasi sebesar 74,8640% pada sampel cangkang Rajungan mentah (A), sedangkan pada sampel cangkang Rajungan masak (B), harga % N-Deasetilasi sebesar 68,9313 %. Selisih antara sampel A dengan sampel B hanya terpaut 5,9327%.