bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Cultural Theory of Risk for Climate Change Adaptation
Authors: McNeeley Shannon M. , Lazrus Heather 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The way in which people perceive climate change risk is informed by their social interactions and cultural worldviews comprising fundamental beliefs about society and nature. Therefore, perceptions of climate change risk and vulnerability along with people’s “myths of nature”—that is, how groups of people conceptualize the way nature functions—influence the feasibility and acceptability of climate adaptation planning, policy making, and implementation. This study presents analyses of cultural worldviews that broaden the current treatments of culture and climate change mitigation and adaptation decision making in communities. The authors use insights from community-based climate research and engage the Cultural Theory of Risk conceptual framework to situate community understandings of, and responses to, climate impacts. This study looks at how the issue of climate change manifests socially in four cases in the United States and Tuvalu and how ideas about climate change are produced by the institutional cultural contexts across scales from the local to the global. This approach helps us identify local and regional priorities and support the development of new relationships for adaptation research and planning by helping to diagnose barriers to climate change adaptation, assist improved communication through framing/reframing climate issues based on shared understandings and collective learning, and help move from conflict to cooperation through better negotiation of diverse worldviews.
The PROactive innovative conceptual framework on physical activity
Authors: Dobbels Fabienne , de Jong Corina , Drost Ellen , Elberse Janneke , Feridou Chryssoula , Jacobs Laura , Rabinovich Roberto , Frei Anja , Puhan Milo A. , de Boer Willem I. , van der Molen Thys , Williams Kate , Pinnock Hillary , Troosters Thierry , Karlsson Niklas , Kulich Karoly , Rüdell Katja ,   the PROactive consortium
Published: July 2014

Although physical activity is considered an important therapeutic target in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), what “physical activity” means to COPD patients and how their perspective is best measured is poorly understood. We designed a conceptual framework, guiding the development and content validation of two patient reported outcome (PRO) instruments on physical activity (PROactive PRO instruments).116 patients from four European countries with diverse demographics and COPD phenotypes participated in three consecutive qualitative studies (63% male, age mean±sd66±9 years, 35% Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stage III–IV). 23 interviews and eight focus groups (n = 54) identified the main themes and candidate items of the framework. 39 cognitive debriefings allowed the clarity of the items and instructions to be optimised.Three themes emerged,i.e.impact of COPD on amount of physical activity, symptoms experienced during physical activity, and adaptations made to facilitate physical activity. The themes were similar irrespective of country, demographic or disease characteristics. Iterative rounds of appraisal and refinement of candidate items resulted in 30 items with a daily recall period and 34 items with a 7-day recall period.For the first time, our approach provides comprehensive insight on physical activity from the COPD patients’ perspective. The PROactive PRO instruments’ content validity represents the pivotal basis for empirically based item reduction and validation.
Human leukocyte antigen class II variants and adult-onset asthma: does occupational allergen exposure play a role?
Authors: Smit Lidwien A.M. , Strachan David P. , Vermeulen Roel , de Bakker Paul I.W. , Demenais Florence , Dumas Orianne , Carsin Anne-Elie , Cullinan Paul , Curjuric Ivan , Ghosh Rebecca E. , Heederik Dick , Imboden Medea , Jarvis Deborah , Lathrop Mark , Le Moual Nicole , Mehta Amar , Miedinger David , Sigsgaard Torben , Siroux Valérie , Vernez David , Zock Jan Paul , Kauffmann Francine , Probst-Hensch Nicole , Kogevinas Manolis , Bouzigon Emmanuelle 
Published: July 2014

Recently, a locus centred on rs9273349 in theHLA-DQregion emerged from genome-wide association studies of adult-onset asthma. We aimed to further investigate the role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II in adult-onset asthma and a possible interaction with occupational exposures.We imputed classical HLA-II alleles from 7579 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 6025 subjects (1202 with adult-onset asthma) from European cohorts: ECRHS, SAPALDIA, EGEA and B58C, and from surveys of bakers and agricultural workers. Based on an asthma-specific job–exposure matrix, 2629 subjects had ever been exposed to high molecular weight (HMW) allergens. We explored associations between 23 common HLA-II alleles and adult-onset asthma, and tested for gene–environment interaction with occupational exposure to HMW allergens. Interaction was also tested for rs9273349.Marginal associations of classical HLA-II alleles and adult-onset asthma were not statistically significant. Interaction was detected between theDPB1*03:01allele and exposure to HMW allergens (p = 0.009), in particular to latex (p = 0.01). In the unexposed group, theDPB1*03:01allele was associated with adult-onset asthma (OR 0.67, 95%CI 0.53–0.86). HMW allergen exposures did not modify the association of rs9273349 with adult-onset asthma.Common classical HLA-II alleles were not marginally associated with adult-onset asthma. The association of latex exposure and adult-onset asthma may be modified byDPB1*03:01.
Graphene as a transparent conducting and surface field layer in planar Si solar cells
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Mehta Bodh R , Bhatnagar Mehar , S Ravi , Mahapatra Silika , Salkalachen Saji , Jhawar Pratha 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
This work presents an experimental and finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulation-based study on the application of graphene as a transparent conducting layer on a planar and untextured crystalline p-n silicon solar cell. A high-quality monolayer graphene with 97% transparency and 350 Ω/□ sheet resistance grown by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition method was transferred onto planar Si cells. An increase in efficiency from 5.38% to 7.85% was observed upon deposition of graphene onto Si cells, which further increases to 8.94% upon SiO2 deposition onto the graphene/Si structure. A large increase in photon conversion efficiency as a result of graphene deposition shows that the electronic interaction and the presence of an electric field at the graphene/Si interface together play an important role in this improvement and additionally lead to a reduction in series resistance due to the conducting nature of graphene.
Mixed type iterations for multivalued nonexpansive mappings in hyperbolic spaces
Authors: Lei Xian-Cai , Li Hua , Di Lan 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to extend the iteration scheme of multivalued nonexpansive mappings from a Banach space to a hyperbolic space by proving Δ-convergence theorems for two multivalued nonexpansive mappings in terms of mixed type iteration processes to approximate a common fixed point of two multivalued nonexpansive mappings in hyperbolic spaces. The results presented in this paper are new and can be regarded as an extension of corresponding results from Banach spaces to hyperbolic spaces in the literature.

MSC:47H10, 54H25.
A Computational Study of the Interaction of Amphiphilic α-Helical Cell-Penetrating Peptides with Heparan Sulfate
Authors: Yang Ji , Furuta Tadaomi , Sakurai Minoru , Tsutsumi Hiroshi , Mihara Hisakazu 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that extracellular glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), such as heparan sulfate (HS), can bind cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) and cluster during CPP binding, thereby affecting the efficiency of a wide range of CPPs. Recently, we experimentally investigated the HS interactions of four peptides, which were chosen from our amphiphilic α-helical CPP library and had only one or two amino acid(s) differences (Arg/Glu and Ala/Phe). Here, we describe the computational methods and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations used to reveal the detailed binding and clustering mechanisms of these four peptides with HS. The order of the HS-binding affinities and HS-clustering abilities of the four CPPs, which were obtained from the binding free energies calculated in our MD simulations, almost agreed with our previous experimental data. Using free energy decomposition analyses, Arg-containing peptides were found to contribute more electrostatic energy to the binding enthalpy in comparison with Glu-containing peptides, whereas Phe-containing peptides benefited more from nonelectrostatic energy in comparison with Ala-containing peptides. Furthermore, although electrostatic interactions were revealed as the initial driving force in HS–CPP binding, nonelectrostatic interactions might be more favorable during the HS–CPP clustering process because of their tolerance to local charge mismatch. Consequently, CPPs that adopt a nonelectrostatic-dominant HS-binding mechanism could be internalized by cells more efficiently. Therefore, the present study provides important insights into the design of useful CPPs.
Extending the theory of shifting erogenous zones to men’s tattoos
Authors: Reilly Andrew 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The theory of shifting erogenous zones was originally intended to provide a rationale for fashion changes by suggesting that men were attracted to women based on eroticized body parts. This theory lost favour as an explanation of fashion change partly due to the second wave of feminism and partly due to the (over-) exposure of the body in today’s revealing fashions. However, I argue that tattoos now serve to eroticize the body. In addition, I analyse men’s tattoos in the context of the erogenous zones theory. No known study has examined the theory of shifting erogenous zones with regard to tattoos or men. Thus, this article serves to challenge current assumptions of the usefulness of the theory, examine the theory relative to the male gender and extend the theory to skin markings. Ethnographic data were collected via interviews and blogs and were analysed for themes relating to fashion and eroticism. I conclude that three types of tattoos have been used to call attention to and eroticize three different locations on men’s bodies: the bicep, the lower back and the upper arm.
Negotiations in masculine identities in the Utilikilts brand community
Authors: Reddy-Best Kelly L. , Howell Alexandra 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Steven Villegas developed the Utilikilts clothing brand in the United States in 2000. The company’s main product is an un-bifurcated ‘manly’ kilt that is marketed and sold to men, not women. This article analyses individuals who adopt the Utilikilts brand kilt and how they navigate their multiple and shifting identities in a cultural setting where skirts for men are not readily acceptable. This study analyses online forums created by the Utilikilts Company where consumers share their personal experiences wearing the kilt, photographs of individuals wearing the kilt and the content and language used on Utilikilts.com. The authors conclude that the brand community formed in online spaces allows the Utilikilt wearers to experiment with gender-pushing dress.
Electrical properties of boron doped CVD diamond after plasma cleaning probed by capacitance-voltage profiling
Authors: Araujo Luana S. , Berengue Olivia , Baldan Maurício , Ferreira Neidenei , Moro João , Chiquito Adenilson 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTDoped diamond films grown by chemical vapor techniques has been used to study hydrogen and oxygen terminated diamond. It is known that the electrical characteristics of metal-diamond interface are strongly affected by the diamond surface features. O2 plasma treatment was used as a cleaning procedure for as grown diamond samples leading to changes in the capacitance measurements after treatment. The alteration in the characteristics of the samples can be attributed to the surface adsorbates like hydrogen and water vapor present in the atmosphere. The results indicates that the O2 plasma treatment was effective in cleaning the surface revealing the expected features of a p-type diamond film.
Phylogeography of the Laniatorid HarvestmanPseudobiantes japonicusand Its Allied Species (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores: Epedanidae)
Authors: Kumekawa Yoshimasa , Ito Katsura , Tsurusaki Nobuo , Hayakawa Hiroshi , Ohga Kyohei , Yokoyama Jun , Tebayashi Shin-Ichi , Arakawa Ryo , Fukuda Tatsuya 
Published: July 2014

AbstractTo clarify the phylogenetic relationships of Pseudobiantes japonicusHirst, 1911 and its allied species, Epedanellus tuberculatus Roewer, 1911 and Kilungius insulanus (Hirst, 1911) (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores: Epedanidae), we conducted morphological and nucleotide sequence analyses of this complex. Sequencing of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene of 179 samples recovered six clades comprised of four allopatric lineages within P. japonicus and two monophyletic groups of E. tuberculatus and K. insulanus, respectively, related as follows: ([Clades A + B of P. japonicus] [Clade C of P. japonicus]) (K. insulanus [Clade D of P. japonicus +E. tuberculatus]). This phylogenetic relationship implies that “Pseudobiantes japonicus” is paraphyletic or polyphyletic, unless mitochondrial introgression between species is postulated. Moreover, Clades C and D of P. japonicus were also separable by the combination of a few morphological characters and from Clades A and B in P. japonicus. These results suggest that a thorough taxonomic revision is needed for the classification of P. japonicus and allied species.
Density ofTrichospilus diatraeae(Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) ParasitizingDiaphania hyalinata(Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Pupae
Authors: Silva Isabel M , Zanuncio Teresinha V , Pereira José M M , Wilcken Carlos F , Pereira Fabricio F , Serrão José E , Zanuncio José C 
Published: July 2014

AbstractDiaphania hyalinata L. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is a key pest of plants in the family Cucurbitaceae, defoliating and reducing photosynthetic area and yield. Trichospilus diatraeae Margabandhu & Cherian, 1942 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) parasitizes the pupae of this pest, but its biological and reproductive parameters with this host are unknown. The objective of our study was to characterize the reproduction of T. diatraeae in D. hyalinata pupae with different densities of this parasitoid. Individual D. hyalinata pupae (48 h old) were exposed to different densities of T. diatraeae (1:1, 4:1, 8:1, 12:1, 16:1, 20:1, and 24:1). The parasitoid density did not affect the parasitism and emergence rate of this natural enemy. The progeny, sex ratio, longevity, and head capsule width of T. diatraeae males and females decreased with increasing density, and its life cycle was proportional to density increase of T. diatraeae. Densities of up to eight T. diatraeae individuals per D. hyalinata pupae are favorable for the development of this parasitoid.
Wolbachia Multilocus Sequence Typing of Singly Infected and Multiply Infected Populations of Northern Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Roehrdanz R L , Wichmann S Sears 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The northern corn rootworm (Diabrotica barberi Smith & Lawrence) in eastern and central North America exhibits at least three distinct populations with respect to Wolbachia infection: uninfected; singly infected; multiply infected. The infected states are associated with different mtDNA haplotypes and reduced mtDNA variability. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to define strain types and examine the diversity of Wolbachia infecting northern corn rootworm. Four of the five MLST genes (coxA, hcpA, fbpA, and ftsZ) were represented by three alleles each. The remaining MLST gene (gatB) had four to six alleles. The uncertainty arose from whether to call two small clusters new alleles or artifacts of the amplification process. Singly infected individuals had a common set of alleles that defined one strain (wBarB). This strain was also a component of the multiple infections. A second strain (wBarA), restricted to the multiple infections, was defined by alleles that appeared with substantially greater frequency for each of the five loci. By default a third strain would comprise the less frequent third allele of the four loci, but it is not possible to determine to which gatB allele they are linked. Therefore, the strain is not fully defined. The diversity of gatB indicates that four to six Wolbachia strains are present in northern corn rootworm, a number that is similar to the five variants reported previously for the wsp gene. These results also highlight the very real difficulty of using the MLST system to define specific strains in a multiply infected host.
Abdominal Color of the Asian Citrus Psyllid (Hemiptera: Liviidae) is Associated with Flight Capabilities
Authors: Martini Xavier , Hoyte Angelique , Stelinski Lukasz L 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
We examined the propensity for flight initiation and flight capability of the Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, Hemiptera: Liviidae) with a flight mill. We measured continuous flight by D. citri for up to 3 h, which equated to a distance of ≈2.4 km. We compared the flight capability of D. citri depending on their sex and morphotype (color of abdomen). Two general morphotypes exist within this species: green-blue and gray-brown. We observed that ≈32% of psyllids from the green-blue morphotype tested exhibited long durations of flight (&gt;60 s); whereas &lt;5% of psyllids from the gray-brown morphotype performed such long duration flights. There was no significant difference in flight performance between the two sexes within both the gray—brown and green—blue morphotypes. Furthermore, psyllids from the gray—brown morphotype were characterized by smaller pronotums and shorter wings than psyllids from the green—blue morphotype. In addition, males, in general, were characterized by smaller pronotums and shorter wings than females. However, neither pronotum nor wing size were associated with flight capability of D. citri. Our results may help explain dispersal behavior of D. citri with respect to practical management on an area-wide scale.
Minimally invasive techniques in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis
Authors: Poves Ignasi , Burdío Fernando , Dorcaratto Dimitri , Grande Luis 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Open necrosectomy, the standard surgical treatment of infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN), presents a high rate of postoperative complications and an associated mortality of 20–60%. In the last decade various minimally invasive approaches (MIA) have been proposed for the treatment of IPN and the results seem to improve on those reported with open necrosectomy. These MIA include: percutaneous, retroperitoneal, endoscopic (endoluminal) and laparoscopic (transperitoneal). The adoption of the step-up approach in the management of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) facilitates the implementation of MIA as the surgical treatment of choice in most cases. Since MIA require the expertise of radiologists, endoscopists and surgeons, patients suffering SAP should be treated by multidisciplinary teams in referral centers. We describe the MIA currently available and discuss their advantages, disadvantages, and results.
New (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear evolution equation: multiple soliton solutions
Authors: Wazwaz Abdul-Majid 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn this work, we introduce an extended (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear evolution equation. We determine multiple soliton solutions by using the simplified Hirota’s method. In addition, we establish a variety of travelling wave solutions by using hyperbolic and trigonometric ansatze.
A Comparison Study of KOOS-PS and KOOS Function and Sport Scores
Authors: Stratford Paul W. , Kennedy Deborah M. 
Published: July 2014

Background
The KOOS-PS represents a shortened version of the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) Function and Sport scales. Previous investigations have not evaluated the KOOS-PS against performance measures or self-report measures composed of items that assess a broad spectrum of ability levels.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to compare the construct validity of the KOOS Function and Sport subscales with a shorter version of the measure (KOOS-PS).

Methods
Using a cross-sectional, observational design, consecutive consenting patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis were recruited at an assessment center visit to determine need for conservative or surgical management. Participants completed the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), KOOS, Timed “Up & Go” Test, and Six-Minute Walk Test. A single function-sport score (KOOS FunSportsum) and the KOOS-PS were abstracted from the KOOS. Pearson correlation coefficients were compared between the reference standards' scores (performance measures and LEFS) and KOOS scores. KOOS-PSraw scores were compared with KOOS-PSRasch scores.

Results
Three hundred seventy-seven patients with a mean age of 64.4 years (SD=10.5) participated. The correlation between performance reference standard and KOOS-PSRasch scores was significantly lower than with KOOS FunSportsum scores (mean difference in r=.08 [95% confidence interval=.03, .11], z=4.45, P1&lt;.001). A similar finding was observed with the LEFS comparison.

Limitations
The study sample did not consist of many patients with mild or severe functional status limitations.

Conclusions
For patients with knee osteoarthritis, the KOOS-PS appears too restricted in item content to provide a comprehensive estimate of lower extremity functional status level relative to the KOOS Function and Sport subscales. Pursuit of a computer-adapted test may be a productive direction for future inquiry.