bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
T-cell metabolism in autoimmune disease
Authors: Yang Zhen , Matteson Eric L , Goronzy Jörg J , Weyand Cornelia M 
Published: February 2015

AbstractCancer cells have long been known to fuel their pathogenic growth habits by sustaining a high glycolytic flux, first described almost 90 years ago as the so-called Warburg effect. Immune cells utilize a similar strategy to generate the energy carriers and metabolic intermediates they need to produce biomass and inflammatory mediators. Resting lymphocytes generate energy through oxidative phosphorylation and breakdown of fatty acids, and upon activation rapidly switch to aerobic glycolysis and low tricarboxylic acid flux. T cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have a disease-specific metabolic signature that may explain, at least in part, why they are dysfunctional. RA T cells are characterized by low adenosine triphosphate and lactate levels and increased availability of the cellular reductant NADPH. This anti-Warburg effect results from insufficient activity of the glycolytic enzyme phosphofructokinase and differentiates the metabolic status in RA T cells from those in cancer cells. Excess production of reactive oxygen species and a defect in lipid metabolism characterizes metabolic conditions in SLE T cells. Owing to increased production of the glycosphingolipids lactosylceramide, globotriaosylceramide and monosialotetrahexosylganglioside, SLE T cells change membrane raft formation and fail to phosphorylate pERK, yet hyperproliferate. Borrowing from cancer metabolomics, the metabolic modifications occurring in autoimmune disease are probably heterogeneous and context dependent. Variations of glucose, amino acid and lipid metabolism in different disease states may provide opportunities to develop biomarkers and exploit metabolic pathways as therapeutic targets.
Soil release performance of cotton finished with oleophobol CPR and CMC-Na salt
Authors: Dhiman Guneet , Chakraborty Jadu Nandan 
Published: February 2015

AbstractSoiling of textiles is an irresistible process that deteriorates the appearance of fabric caused by gradual accumulation of soil on it. Cotton fabrics were finished with two different types of soil releasing agents, viz. Oleophobol CPR (fluorocarbon based) and Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (CMC-Na) using Box-Behnken and Full factorial designs, respectively and the effect of factors and their levels on soil release property of fabric was studied. Finished fabrics were tested for two different soils i.e., mustard oil and hot coffee. From soiled and laundered fabrics soil release was evaluated for soil release rating as well as instrumental prediction with K/S value to measure discolouration of fabric due to soil. The CMC-Na salt finished cotton fabric picked up significantly more soil compared to that with Oleophobol CPR which resisted deposition of soil on fabric. Cotton fabrics finished with both of these showed excellent soil release with mustard oil and had better finish durability with Oleophobol CPR. Physical properties were comparable except stiffness which was high in CMC-Na finished cotton.
Pooled Analysis of Long-Term Survival Data From Phase II and Phase III Trials of Ipilimumab in Unresectable or Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Schadendorf Dirk , Hodi F. Stephen , Robert Caroline , Weber Jeffrey S. , Margolin Kim , Hamid Omid , Patt Debra , Chen Tai-Tsang , Berman David M. , Wolchok Jedd D. 
Published: February 2015

Purpose To provide a more precise estimate of long-term survival observed for ipilimumab-treated patients with advanced melanoma, we performed a pooled analysis of overall survival (OS) data from multiple studies. Methods The primary analysis pooled OS data for 1,861 patients from 10 prospective and two retrospective studies of ipilimumab, including two phase III trials. Patients were previously treated (n = 1,257) or treatment naive (n = 604), and the majority of patients received ipilimumab 3 mg/kg (n = 965) or 10 mg/kg (n = 706). We also conducted a secondary analysis of OS data (n = 4,846) with an additional 2,985 patients from an expanded access program. OS rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results Among 1,861 patients, median OS was 11.4 months (95% CI, 10.7 to 12.1 months), which included 254 patients with at least 3 years of survival follow-up. The survival curve began to plateau around year 3, with follow-up of up to 10 years. Three-year survival rates were 22%, 26%, and 20% for all patients, treatment-naive patients, and previously treated patients, respectively. Including data from the expanded access program, median OS was 9.5 months (95% CI, 9.0 to 10.0 months), with a plateau at 21% in the survival curve beginning around year 3. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the largest analysis of OS to date for ipilimumab-treated patients with advanced melanoma. We observed a plateau in the survival curve, beginning at approximately 3 years, which was independent of prior therapy or ipilimumab dose. These data add to the evidence supporting the durability of long-term survival in ipilimumab-treated patients with advanced melanoma.
Postoperative Radiotherapy for Pathologic N2 Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Adjuvant Chemotherapy: A Review of the National Cancer Data Base
Authors: Robinson Cliff G. , Patel Aalok P. , Bradley Jeffrey D. , DeWees Todd , Waqar Saiama N. , Morgensztern Daniel , Baggstrom Maria Q. , Govindan Ramaswamy , Bell Jennifer M. , Guthrie Tracey J. , Colditz Graham A. , Crabtree Traves D. , Kreisel Daniel , Krupnick Alexander S. , Patterson G. Alexander , Meyers Bryan F. , Puri Varun 
Published: February 2015

Purpose To investigate the impact of modern postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) on overall survival (OS) for patients with N2 non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated nationally with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients and Methods Patients with pathologic N2 NSCLC who underwent complete resection and adjuvant chemotherapy from 2006 to 2010 were identified from the National Cancer Data Base and stratified by use of PORT (≥ 45 Gy). A total of 4,483 patients were identified (PORT, n = 1,850; no PORT, n = 2,633). The impact of patient and treatment variables on OS was explored using Cox regression. Results Median follow-up time was 22 months. On univariable analysis, improved OS correlated with younger age, treatment at an academic facility, female sex, urban population, higher income, lower Charlson comorbidity score, smaller tumor size, multiagent chemotherapy, resection with at least a lobectomy, and PORT. On multivariable analysis, improved OS remained independently predicted by younger age, female sex, urban population, lower Charlson score, smaller tumor size, multiagent chemotherapy, resection with at least a lobectomy, and PORT (hazard ratio, 0.886; 95% CI, 0.798 to 0.988). Use of PORT was associated with an increase in median and 5-year OS compared with no PORT (median OS, 45.2 v 40.7 months, respectively; 5-year OS, 39.3% [95% CI, 35.4% to 43.5%] v 34.8% [95% CI, 31.6% to 38.3%], respectively; P = .014). Conclusion For patients with N2 NSCLC after complete resection and adjuvant chemotherapy, modern PORT seems to confer an additional OS advantage beyond that achieved with adjuvant chemotherapy alone.
Genomic Classifier Identifies Men With Adverse Pathology After Radical Prostatectomy Who Benefit From Adjuvant Radiation Therapy
Authors: Den Robert B. , Yousefi Kasra , Trabulsi Edouard J. , Abdollah Firas , Choeurng Voleak , Feng Felix Y. , Dicker Adam P. , Lallas Costas D. , Gomella Leonard G. , Davicioni Elai , Karnes R. Jeffrey 
Published: February 2015

Purpose The optimal timing of postoperative radiotherapy (RT) after radical prostatectomy (RP) is unclear. We hypothesized that a genomic classifier (GC) would provide prognostic and predictive insight into the development of clinical metastases in men receiving post-RP RT and inform decision making. Patients and Methods GC scores were calculated from 188 patients with pT3 or margin-positive prostate cancer, who received post-RP RT at Thomas Jefferson University and Mayo Clinic between 1990 and 2009. The primary end point was clinical metastasis. Prognostic accuracy of the models was tested using the concordance index for censored data and decision curve analysis. Cox regression analysis tested the relationship between GC and metastasis. Results The cumulative incidence of metastasis at 5 years after RT was 0%, 9%, and 29% for low, average, and high GC scores, respectively (P = .002). In multivariable analysis, GC and pre-RP prostate-specific antigen were independent predictors of metastasis (both P < .01). Within the low GC score (< 0.4), there were no differences in the cumulative incidence of metastasis comparing patients who received adjuvant or salvage RT (P = .79). However, for patients with higher GC scores (≥ 0.4), cumulative incidence of metastasis at 5 years was 6% for patients treated with adjuvant RT compared with 23% for patients treated with salvage RT (P < .01). Conclusion In patients treated with post-RP RT, GC is prognostic for the development of clinical metastasis beyond routine clinical and pathologic features. Although preliminary, patients with low GC scores are best treated with salvage RT, whereas those with high GC scores benefit from adjuvant therapy. These findings provide the first rational selection of timing for post-RP RT.
Lhx4 Deficiency: Increased Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Expression and Pituitary Hypoplasia
Authors: Gergics Peter , Brinkmeier Michelle L. , Camper Sally A. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractDefects in the Lhx4, Lhx3, and Pitx2 genes can cause combined pituitary hormone deficiency and pituitary hypoplasia in both humans and mice. Not much is known about the mechanism underlying hypoplasia in these mutants beyond generally increased cell death and poorly maintained proliferation. We identified both common and unique abnormalities in developmental regulation of key cell cycle regulator gene expression in each of these three mutants. All three mutants exhibit reduced expression of the proliferative marker Ki67 and the transitional marker p57. We discovered that expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1a (Cdkn1a or p21) is expanded dorsally in the pituitary primordium of both Lhx3 and Lhx4 mutants. Uniquely, Lhx4 mutants exhibit reduced cyclin D1 expression and have auxiliary pouch-like structures. We show evidence for indirect and direct effects of LHX4 on p21 expression in αT3-1 pituitary cells. In summary, Lhx4 is necessary for efficient pituitary progenitor cell proliferation and restriction of p21 expression.
Sustaining Research Networks: the Twenty-Year Experience of the HMO Research
Network
Authors: Steiner John F. , Paolino Andrea R. , Thompson Ella E. , Larson Eric B. 
Published: February 2015

Purpose: As multi-institutional research networks assume a central role in
clinical research, they must address the challenge of sustainability. Despite its
importance, the concept of network sustainability has received little attention in the
literature, and the sustainability strategies of durable scientific networks have not
been described.Innovation: The Health Maintenance Organization Research Network (HMORN)
is a consortium of 18 research departments in integrated health care delivery systems
with over 15 million members in the United States and Israel. The HMORN has coordinated
federally funded scientific networks and studies since 1994. This case study describes
the HMORN approach to sustainability, proposes an operational definition of network
sustainability, and identifies 10 essential elements that can enhance
sustainability.Credibility: The sustainability framework proposed here is drawn from
prior publications on organizational issues by HMORN investigators and from the
experience of recent HMORN leaders and senior staff.Conclusion and Discussion: Network
sustainability can be defined as (1) the development and enhancement of shared research
assets to facilitate a sequence of research studies in a specific content area or
multiple areas, and (2) a community of researchers and other stakeholders who reuse and
develop those assets. Essential elements needed to develop the shared assets of a
network include: network governance; trustworthy data and processes for sharing data;
shared knowledge about research tools; administrative efficiency; physical
infrastructure; and infrastructure funding. The community of researchers within a
network is enhanced by: a clearly defined mission, vision and values; protection of
human subjects; a culture of collaboration; and strong relationships with host
organizations. While the importance of these elements varies based on the membership and
goals of a network, this framework for sustainability can enhance strategic planning
within the network and can guide relationships with external stakeholders.
Zhang Yimou’s Blood Simple: Cannibalism, remaking and translation in world cinema
Authors: Evans Jonathan 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Zhang Yimou’s A Woman, A Gun and A Noodle Shop (2009) remakes the Coen brothers’ Blood Simple (1984) in a way that re-imagines the earlier film in a Chinese setting, adapting and recreating the narrative, but the film cannot be regarded as being aimed solely at a Chinese audience, as it was also released in the United States and United Kingdom. Drawing from translation studies and film studies, this article analyses how Zhang’s film adapts its source material, particularly its tendency to make explicit elements that were left implicit in the source text. The idea of cannibalization, from Brazilian modernist theory, helps explain the ambiguous orientation of the remake as both homage to and localization of the source text. This hybridity was not well received by American audiences and shows how the movie’s connection to both Zhang and the Coens leads to a dual voice in the film. The analysis demonstrates how translation and cross-cultural adaptation enrich ideas of world cinema.
Authorship in stage adaptations of ‘inherited tales’: A survey approach
Authors: Sunderland Jane 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
For a range of reasons, there is a dearth of empirical work on stage adaptations of ‘inherited tales’, both individually and in general; this is in contrast to work on film adaptations. This article starts by exploring epistemological and methodological reasons for this, and then proposes an alternative: analysis of bodies of texts about stage adaptations. To exemplify this, I report a survey in which I explore representations of authorship in stage adaptations in ‘Theatre’ entries in the 2012 Edinburgh Festival Fringe programme. In this large body of short texts, while authors of ‘sourcetexts’ are referred to occasionally, and titles of the sourcetexts frequently, in many cases there is no direct acknowledgement that the production is an adaptation of an ‘inherited tale’, and hence no direct mention of an ‘original’ author or title. I look at contextualized reasons for this in terms of creative and marketing considerations and of the wider ‘event’ itself (in particular, fringe productions at festivals), and at implications for understandings of ‘authorship’ in theatre.
‘Peeling back the mask’: Remediation and remix of Kenya’s news into popular culture
Authors: Omanga Duncan 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
This article probes how two ‘ordinary news’ events were remediated and remixed by ordinary users, journalists and professional musicians, and were circulated as popular music in Kenya. Specifically, using TV news clips and music videos uploaded on YouTube, the article reveals how the digital media allow news events to be emptied of their ‘hard news’ and to be circulated as either entirely new, or as modified artefacts of popular culture. To achieve its aims, the article borrows and modifies Bolter and Grusin’s logic of remediation to show the conflations and distinctions between news and its digital derivatives, and also their metamorphosis from hard news to popular music. In particular, the article concludes that the process of the remediation of news into remix is a factor of technology, content and context, whose interplay ambiguously interrogates the notion of erasure/invisibility (immediacy) and construction/visibility (hypermediacy).
Mining of hospital laboratory information systems: a model study defining age- and gender-specific reference intervals and trajectories for plasma creatinine in a pediatric population
Authors: Søeby Karen , Jensen Peter Bjødstrup , Werge Thomas , Sørensen Steen 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe knowledge of physiological fluctuation and variation of even commonly used biochemical quantities in extreme age groups and during development is sparse. This challenges the clinical interpretation and utility of laboratory tests in these age groups. To explore the utility of hospital laboratory data as a source of information, we analyzed enzymatic plasma creatinine as a model analyte in two large pediatric hospital samples.Plasma creatinine measurements from 9700 children aged 0–18 years were obtained from hospital laboratory databases and partitioned into high-resolution gender- and age-groups. Normal probability plots were used to deduce parameters of the normal distributions from healthy creatinine values in the mixed hospital datasets. Furthermore, temporal trajectories were generated from repeated measurements to examine developmental patterns in periods of changing creatinine levels.Creatinine shows great age dependence from birth throughout childhood. We computed and replicated 95% reference intervals in narrow gender and age bins and showed them to be comparable to those determined in healthy population studies. We identified pronounced transitions in creatinine levels at different time points after birth and around the early teens, which challenges the establishment and usefulness of reference intervals in those age groups.The study documents that hospital laboratory data may inform on the developmental aspects of creatinine, on periods with pronounced heterogeneity and valid reference intervals. Furthermore, part of the heterogeneity in creatinine distribution is likely due to differences in biological and chronological age of children and should be considered when using age-specific reference intervals.
Significantly improving the performance and dispersion morphology of porous g-C3N4/PANI composites by an interfacial polymerization method
Authors: Yu Qingbo , Li Xianhua , Zhang Leigang , Wang Xuexue , Tao Yulun , Zhang Mingxu 
Published: February 2015

AbstractPolyaniline (PANI) nanorods grown on layered porous graphitic carbon nitride (porous g-C3N4) sheets (porous g-C3N4/PANI) were successfully synthesized by interfacial polymerization of aniline monomers in the presence of porous g-C3N4 sheets. The experimental results suggest that porous g-C3N4 obtained a good dispersion with intercalated and exfoliated nanostructure and interfacial adhesion in PANI, which improved the thermal stability and photocatalytic activity of the porous g-C3N4/PANI composites.
Internal resilience, peer victimization, and suicidal ideation among adolescents
Authors: Hirschtritt Matthew E. , Ordóñez Anna E. , Rico Yvette C. , LeWinn Kaja Z. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractPurpose: Our goal was to examine the association between peer victimization (PV) and suicidal ideation (SI), and the degree to which internal resilience moderates this association.Materials and methods: We examined the independent associations between PV frequency and type (verbal, cyber, physical, and relational), internal resilience, and the risk of SI within the last 12 months among 9th and 11th grade students participating in the California Healthy Kids Survey (CHKS) (n=42,594; 55.2% female; 72.2% non-white).Results: Odds ratios (OR) of SI associated with very low- (at least 1 PV type 1 time, but none more than 1 time), low- (at least 1 PV type 2–3 times, but none more than 2–3 times), and moderate/high- (at least 1 PV type 4 times or more) frequency PV compared with no PV were 1.30 (95% CI=1.15–1.45), 1.70 (95% CI=1.51–1.90) and 2.47 (95% CI=1.23–2.73), respectively. Any exposure to physical (OR=1.31; 95% CI=1.19–1.44), relational (OR=1.26; 95% CI=1.15–1.38), verbal (OR=1.38; 95% CI=1.27–1.50), or cyber (OR=1.26; 95% CI=1.15–1.39) PV was associated with increased odds of SI compared with no PV. Internal resilience was associated with lower odds of SI (OR=0.98, 95% CI=0.98–0.99), regardless of PV exposure. The slope between internal resilience and SI was significantly steeper for those subjects who experienced verbal PV (OR interaction=0.99; 95% CI=0.98–1.00).Conclusion:Even infrequent PV was found to be associated with increased risk for SI. Internal resilience was associated with reduced SI, particularly for verbal forms of PV. Our results suggested that efforts to decrease SI among adolescents should be directed toward both preventing PV and strengthening internal resilience.
Thin-Layer Drying Model of Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) Kernel and Its Application in Fat Extraction Process
Authors: Chimplee Sirirattana , Klinkesorn Utai 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) kernels contain a high amount of fat and it has a potential to be used as a new alternative source of edible vegetable fat. Drying of fat seed can improve the fat yield and prolong the seed storage shelf life. Therefore the drying behaviour of rambutan kernels was investigated using a hot air dryer for 6 h at each of three temperatures, 45°C, 55°C and 65°C. Based on the coefficient of determination (R
2) and root mean square error (RMSE), modified Henderson and Pabis model was found to be the best thin-layer drying model for rambutan kernels (R
2 > 0.99 and RMSE < 0.02). The effective moisture diffusivity of rambutan kernels, estimated from a modified equation of Fick’s second law of diffusion, was 2.56 × 10–10 to 3.68 × 10–10 m2 s–1. The result of fat extraction significantly indicates the effect of low moisture rambutan kernels on the fat yield enhancing (P < 0.05).
Assessment and Separation of Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides in Chinese Soypaste
Authors: Li Fengjuan , Yamaki Kohji , Cheng Yongqiang , Fang Yuanyuan 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A Chinese soypaste-derived fraction with potent angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity (IC50 = 25.9 μg/mL) was obtained by treating soypaste extract with 80% ethanol. The result of gradient reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) suggested that bioactive peptides bearing some polarity groups made a substantial contribution to the ACE inhibitory activity. By mass spectrometric analysis, a component was separated as Glu-Ser-Gly-Asp which was then found to act in a dose-dependent manner against ACE activity as a non-competitive inhibitor, with an IC50 value of 2.297 mM.
Mathematical Modeling of Thin-Layer Solar Drying of Eland (Taurotragus oryx) Jerky
Authors: Kucerova Iva , Hubackova Anna , Rohlik Bo-Anne , Banout Jan 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Mathematical modeling of thin-layer solar drying of eland jerky was investigated in this study. Eland jerky was compared to traditional beef jerky, inasmuch as both were treated with traditional jerky marinade (TM), traditional marinade with honey (TMH) and compared to an untreated control (C). The influence of the marinades on the drying process was statistically significant. Based on the coefficients of determination, the root mean square errors and the chi-squares, the two-term model was found to be the most suitable model for describing the solar drying kinetics of eland jerky. The mean effective moisture diffusivities of solar dried eland meat for the C, TM and TMH samples were 2.07×10−10, 1.45×10−10 and 1.43×10−10 m2.s−1, respectively. The activation energy values for solar dried eland jerky were 23.75, 26.22 and 26.97 kJ mol−1 for C, TM and TMH, respectively.