bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term tiapamil treatment of patients with angina pectoris
Authors: Salorinne Y. , Himberg J.‐J. , Eskelinen E. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe effects of a 12‐week oral treatment with tiapamil (200 mg t.i.d.) were compared to those of placebo treatment in a group of 20 men with coronary heart disease. There was a slight reduction of anginal symptoms (p < 0.05) and a tendency to less nitroglycerin consumption (p < 0.07). There were no statistically significant differences between the treatments in blood pressure, exercise tolerance during repeated exercise tests, ECG conduction intervals, or routine laboratory tests. No adverse side‐effects were encountered. It seems that tiapamil may be beneficial in preventing angina pectoris, but a higher oral dose must be used.
Use of multivariate analysis to improve the accuracy of radionuclide angiography with stress in detecting coronary artery disease in men
Authors: Greenberg P. S. , Bible M. , Ellestad M. H. , Berge R. , Johnson K. , Hayes M. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA multivariate analysis (MVA) system was derived retrospectively from a population of 76 males with coronary artery disease and 18 control subjects. Posterior probabilities were then derived from such a system prospectively in a new male population of 11 subjects with normal coronary arteries and hemodynamics and 63 patients with coronary artery disease. The sensitivity was 84% compared to that for change in ejection fraction (ΔEF)≥5 criterion of 71% (p < 0.01), the specificity was 91% compared to 73% for the ΔEF≥5 criterion (p > 0.05), and the correct classification rate was 85% compared to 72% for the ΔEF≥5 criterion (p < 0.01). The significant variables were: change in EF with exercise, percent maximal heart rate, change in end‐diastolic volume (ΔEDV) with exercise, change in R wave, and exercise duration. Application of the multivariate approach to radionuclide imaging with stress, including both exercise and nuclear parameters, significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy of the test and allowed for a probability statement concerning the likelihood of disease.
Cardiogoniometry: A new noninvasive method for detection of ischemic heart disease
Authors: Saner H. , Baur H. R. , Sanz E. , Gurtner H. P. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractCardiogoniometry is a new vectorcardiographic method. The vector‐loops are constructed from three orthogonal ECG leads and registered on‐line by a microprocessor. The angle between the maximal QRS and T vectors, as well as the spatial orientation of these vectors are very constant in healthy individuals. Deviations of these vectors and angles are sensitive indicators for changes in repolarization occurring, for instance, during coronary insufficiency. The changes in these variables were evaluated in 50 patients with suspected coronary artery disease and correlated with angiographic findings. Cardiogoniometry showed a sensitivity of 79% and a specificity of 82%, which is comparable to exercise testing. In contrast to the latter cardiogoniometry can be performed at rest, is free of risk, and therefore also suitable for elderly patients.
Relationship between electrocardiographically estimated infarct size and clinical findings in inferior myocardial infarction
Authors: Herlitz J. , Hjalmarson Å. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIn 270 patients with acute inferior wall myocardial infarction (MI) and no previous MI, Q‐ and R‐wave changes in leads II, III, and aVF in a 12‐lead standard ECG were related to the clinical course during hospitalization and 3‐month follow‐up. Patients with ECG‐defined transmural MI showed a higher incidence of tachycardia, high degree of AV block, congestive heart failure (CHF), and pericarditis than patients with nontransmural MI. In a subgroup including 226 patients, the series was divided into quartiles according to the sum of Q‐ and R‐wave changes in leads II, III, and aVF 4 days after arrival in hospital. A weak correlation between ECG‐determined infarct size and the incidence of complications such as congestive heart failure (CHF), need for furosemide, and pericarditis, as well as the duration of hospitalization was observed. It is concluded that ECG‐determined infarct size from leads II, III, and aVF in inferior MI is associated with the clinical course, although it cannot predict the outcome in the individual patient.
Discrete subaortic stenosis
Authors: Chaikhouni A. , Crawford F. A. , Sade R. M. , Taylor A. B. , Riopel D. A. , Hohn A. R. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractFrom 1971–1981, 18 patients with discrete subaortic stenosis were treated surgically at the Medical University of South Carolina. Echocardiography was diagnostic in 10 of 11 patients in whom it was used. Preoperative cardiac catheterization was performed in all patients. The preoperative left ventricular outflow systolic pressure gradient was 82.0±27.2 mmHg (mean±SD) (range 30–145). In 16 (88.8%) patients excision of the subaortic membrane was complete, and relief of left ventricular outflow obstruction was good. The excision was incomplete in 2 patients; one required reoperation for residual gradient and developed complete heart block, and the other had a residual gradient of 60 mmHg and was in New York Heart Association functional class II when lost to follow‐up. These data suggest that complete excision of the discrete subaortic stenosis is important to achieve good relief of left ventricular outflow obstruction.
Evaluation of left ventricular posterior wall movement after open mitral commissurotomy by echocardiogram: With reference to the effect of papilloplasty
Authors: Okamura K. , Maeta H. , Ijima H. , Mitsui T. , Hori M. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractLeft ventricular posterior wall movement in 20 patients with mitral stenosis (MS) was measured using M‐mode echocardiogram in order to evaluate the improvement of myocardial function after open mitral commissurotomy (OMC) and compared between the cases with (10 patients) and without (10 patients) papilloplasty. The maximum left ventricular end‐diastolic posterior wall velocity (LVPEVdmax) was increased from 71 ± 12 to 90 ± 16 mm/s in OMC patients (p < 0.01) and from 59 ± 19 to 101 ± 28 mm/s in OMC + P patients (p < 0.001). The maximum left ventricular systolic posterior wall velocity (LVPWVsmax) showed an increase from 51 ± 9 to 62 ± 10 mm/s in OMC patients (p < 0.02) and from 48 ± 10 to 69 ± 8 mm/s in the OMC + P group (p < 0.001). The mean LVPWVs increased from 35 ± 8 to 48 ± 8 mm/s in the OMC + P group (p < 0.01). These parameters correlate fairly well with stroke volume index (SVI), ejection fraction (EF), and fractional shortening (FS) derived from internal LV dimensions. Thus, the posterior wall movement may prove to be useful as an index for evaluating the improvement of LV function after OMC.
Echocardiographic features of right ventricular infarction
Authors: Cecchi F. , Zuppiroli A. , Favilli S. , Di Bari M. , Vannucci A. , Pini R. , Marchionni N. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIn a series of 75 consecutive patients with transmural acute myocardial infarction (AMI) a right‐to‐left ventricular filling pressure ratio equal to or greater than 0.65 (RVFP/LVFP >0.65) was assumed to be indicative of associated right ventricular infarction (RVI). Out of 45 patients with inferoposterior myocardial infarction, 11 (24%) had such hemodynamic evidence of right ventricular infarction (group A). The remaining 34 patients with inferoposterior myocardial infarction (group B) and the 30 patients with anterior myocardial infarction did not. Time‐motion and two‐dimensional echocardiographic examinations were performed 7–10 days after admission in the 62 patients who survived. Right ventricular wall asynergy was found in six of eight group A patients. In three of these, right ventricular dilatation was also present. No patient in group B with inferior infarction or with anterior infarction showed abnormal right ventricular wall motion. While hemodynamic monitoring seems presently the most specific diagnostic method and it is of invaluable help in the choice of the best pharmacological therapy of right ventricular failure due to RVI, two‐dimensional echocardiography is probably highly sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of RVI, by detecting RV wall motion and thickening abnormalities. Due to advantages, such as noninvasivity and repeatibility, two‐dimensional echocardiography can be used in the selection of patients who deserve hemodynamic monitoring and in follow‐up studies.
Occult thyrotoxicosis in patients with chronic and paroxysmal isolated atrial fibrillation
Authors: Ciaccheri M. , Cecchi F. , Arcangeli C. , Dolara A. , Zuppiroli A. , Pieroni C. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThyroid function tests, including thyrotropin releasing hormone administration (TRH), were performed in 40 consecutive patients with isolated atrial fibrillation (IAF) (i.e., without any other evidence of cardiac disease). The arrhythmia was chronic in 5 and paroxysmal in 35 patients. Thyrotoxicosis could not be diagnosed either clinically or by abnormal serum levels of T4, T3, T3 BC, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Thyroid stimulating hormone response to TRH, which was normal in 35 patients, was absent in 5 (12.5%) who were considered to have occult thyrotoxicosis. One had chronic and the other 4 had paroxysmal IAF. The arrhythmia did not recur after antithyroid treatment in these four patients who were in sinus rhythm after a mean follow‐up period of 21 months. Full exploration of the thyroid function therefore seems useful not only in patients with chronic IAF, but also in those affected by the paroxysmal form.
Fluctuations of the atrial cycle length and A‐V delay with a universal (DDD) pacemaker
Authors: Bognolo D. , Vijayanagar R. , Eckstein P. , Jeffery D. , Rosenfield L. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe electronic characteristics of a new universal (DDD) pulse generator can result in significant shortening of the atrial cycle length (A‐A interval) and shortening of the atrioventricular (A‐V) interval beyond the programmed values. These pacemaker arrhythmias are entirely compatible with normal function and must not be interpreted as malfunctions.
Study of natural teeth color according to toothguide 3d master through cluster analysis
Authors: Gómez‐Polo Cristina , Gómez‐Polo Miguel , Martínez Vázquez De Parga Juan Antonio , Celemín‐Viñuela Alicia 
Published: January 2015

AbstractHow natural teeth color are grouped with Toothguide 3D Master according to color coordinates, L*, C*, and h* is reported. Tooth color was measured through the Easyshade Compact (Vita‐Zahnfabrik) spectrophotometer using a sample of 1361 subjects aged between 16 and 89 years. The color of the middle third of the maxillary central incisor was registered according to the Toothguide 3D Master nomenclature and the coordinates L*, C*, and h*. Cluster analysis and the SPAD 5.5 statistical package were applied for data processing. Of the 1361 participants, only 545 (40%) had a match among the 26 physical shade tabs of the Toothguide 3D Master. Statistical analysis revealed the existence of four cluster groups: Cluster 1 comprised shade tabs 1M1–2L1.5–2M1; cluster 2 comprised 1M2–2L2.5–2M2–2M3–2R2.5–3M2–3L2.5; cluster 3 comprised 2R1.5–3L1.5–3M1–3R1.5–4L1.5–4M1; and cluster 4 comprised 3M3–3R2.5–4M2–4L2.5–4R1.5–4R2.5–4M3–5M1–5M2–5M3. Statistically significant differences (P < 0.0.1) were also found, both in the color dimension, and among the four cluster groups revealed. Taking into account the limitations of this study, the natural teeth color can be grouped into four clusters by following coordinates L*, C*, and h,* resulting from the compact spectrophotometer Vita Easyshade. Natural teeth color are not distributed homogeneously with Toothguide 3D Master according to color coordinates. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 41, 101–107, 2016
Possible Influence of Layer Deformation and Chiral Segregation on Dielectric Modes in the Dark Conglomerate Liquid Crystal
Authors: Bhat Deepa G. , Selvaraj Radhika , Kapanipathaiya Sadashiva B. , Ramarao Pratibha 
Published: January 2015

AbstractDielectric spectroscopy is used to investigate the structure, molecular dynamics, and relaxation phenomena in electric‐field‐induced switchable dark conglomerate (DC) phases in a bent‐core liquid crystal. The DC phases are obtained by applying a high‐frequency ac electric field in the B1rev phase or by cooling under a dc or an ac field from the isotropic phase. Although the DC phases exhibit good electro‐optic switching properties, the dielectric parameters are different from those observed in typical lamellar SmCP phases and similar to those obtained in a non‐switchable DC phase. We therefore propose that the dielectric response and reduced intensity of the relaxation modes may be a general feature in DC phases and may owe its origin to the deformed layer structure in which certain molecular motions are impeded. Further, we find that in the field‐induced DC phases derived from the isotropic phase, the dielectric modes are affected by chiral segregation promoted by the applied field.
Does FACS perturb gene expression?
Authors: Richardson Graham M. , Lannigan Joanne , Macara Ian G. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractFluorescence activated cell sorting is the technique most commonly used to separate primary mammary epithelial sub‐populations. Many studies incorporate this technique before analyzing gene expression within specific cellular lineages. However, to our knowledge, no one has examined the effects of fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) separation on short‐term transcriptional profiles. In this study, we isolated a heterogeneous mixture of cells from the mouse mammary gland. To determine the effects of the isolation and separation process on gene expression, we harvested RNA from the cells before enzymatic digestion, following enzymatic digestion, and following a mock FACS sort where the entire cohort of cells was retained. A strict protocol was followed to minimize disruption to the cells, and to ensure that no subpopulations were enriched or lost. Microarray analysis demonstrated that FACS causes minimal disruptions to gene expression patterns, but prior steps in the mammary cell isolation process are followed by upregulation of 18 miRNA's and rapid decreases in their predicted target transcripts. © 2015 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Detecting a hierarchical genetic population structure: the case study of the Fire Salamander (Salamandra salamandra) in Northern Italy
Authors: Pisa Giulia , Orioli Valerio , Spilotros Giulia , Fabbri Elena , Randi Ettore , Bani Luciano 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe multistep method here applied in studying the genetic structure of a low dispersal and philopatric species, such as the Fire Salamander Salamandra salamandra, was proved to be effective in identifying the hierarchical structure of populations living in broad‐leaved forest ecosystems in Northern Italy. In this study, 477 salamander larvae, collected in 28 sampling populations (SPs) in the Prealpine and in the foothill areas of Northern Italy, were genotyped at 16 specie‐specific microsatellites. SPs showed a significant overall genetic variation (Global FST = 0.032, P < 0.001). The genetic population structure was assessed by using STRUCTURE 2.3.4. We found two main genetic groups, one represented by SPs inhabiting the Prealpine belt, which maintain connections with those of the Eastern foothill lowland (PEF), and a second group with the SPs of the Western foothill lowland (WF). The two groups were significantly distinct with a Global FST of 0.010 (P < 0.001). While the first group showed a moderate structure, with only one divergent SP (Global FST = 0.006, P < 0.001), the second group proved more structured being divided in four clusters (Global FST = 0.017, P = 0.058). This genetic population structure should be due to the large conurbations and main roads that separate the WF group from the Prealpine belt and the Eastern foothill lowland. The adopted methods allowed the analysis of the genetic population structure of Fire Salamander from wide to local scale, identifying different degrees of genetic divergence of their populations derived from forest fragmentation induced by urban and infrastructure sprawl.
Effects of Winding Attachment Positions on Output Characteristics of Flux‐Modulating Synchronous Machines
Authors: Aoki Hirofumi , Fukami Tadashi , Shima Kazuo , Tsuda Toshihiro , Kawamura Mitsuhiro 
Published: January 2015

SUMMARYThe flux‐modulating synchronous machine (FMSM) is a new type of multipole SM with nonoverlapping concentrated armature and field windings on the stator. This paper compares the output characteristics of two FMSMs through finite element analysis (FEA) and experiments. In both of the FMSMs, the attachment positions of the armature and field windings are swapped. To determine the reason for the discrepancies in their output characteristics, unsaturated inductances were calculated using a d‐‐q equivalent circuit. In addition, the calculated results of the inductances were confirmed through a visualization of the leakage fluxes using FEA. The results of the study show that the synchronous inductance can be reduced by attaching the armature winding to the air‐gap side of the stator teeth and that the reduction leads to an increase in output power.
Computational NMR Methods in the Stereochemical Analysis of Organic Compounds: Are Proton or Carbon NMR Chemical Shift Data More Discriminating?
Authors: Chini Maria Giovanna , Riccio Raffaele , Bifulco Giuseppe 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe have investigated the 1H and 13C NMR chemical shift data of a large set of stereoisomeric organic compounds to determine whether it is possible to identify the nucleus that is more discriminating in stereochemical analyses conducted by quantum mechanical methods. By estimating the intrinsic deviation of the experimental chemical shifts of 219 pairs of diastereoisomers, we have reconsidered the concept of the match ratio as an inequality, namely 1H match ratio > 13C match ratio, mathematically demonstrating that the 1H nucleus is more discriminating than the 13C nucleus for all the investigated cases. Moreover, we have also verified that this inequality is satisfied by the most often used quantum chemical methods, which suggests that 1H chemical shifts are more discriminating than 13C chemical shifts in stereochemical assignments by quantum chemical calculations.
Simultaneous Titration of Ternary Mixtures of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cu(II) with Potentiometric Electronic Tongue Detection
Authors: Wilson Deivy , Alegret Salvador , del Valle Manel 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAn automatic titration method is reported to resolve ternary mixtures of transition metals (Pb2+, Cd2+ and Cu2+) employing electronic tongue detection and a reduced number of pre‐defined additions of EDTA titrant. Sensors used were PVC membrane selective electrodes with generic response to heavy‐metals, plus an artificial neural network response model. Detection limits obtained were ca. 1 mg L−1 for the three target ions and reproducibilities 3.0 % for Pb2+, 4.1 % for Cd2+ and 5.2 % for Cu2+. The system was applied to contaminated soil samples and high accuracy was obtained for the determination of Pb2+. In the determination Cd2+ and Cu2+, sample matrix showed a significant effect.
Tuning the Equilibrium Response Time of Meta‐Stable Photoacids in Ion‐Sensors by Appropriate Functionalization
Authors: Patel Parth K. , Johns Valentine K. , Mills Dawn M. , Boone James E. , Calvo‐Marzal Percy , Chumbimuni‐Torres Karin Y. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractHerein, we present different functionalized meta‐stable photoacids in ion‐sensors to tune the equilibrium response time. As a proof of concept, two new meta‐stable photoacids were synthesized, one contains an ether group and the other has an ester functional group. These functionalized meta‐stable photoacids were elucidated in solution of ethanol and in ion‐sensing films via pH and kinetic studies. In comparison from our previous work, the response time was reduced from hours to minutes by utilizing an ether functional group in the meta‐stable photoacid.
Fatty acid lithium salts from Cunninghamella echinulata have cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on HL‐60 human leukemia cells
Authors: Alakhras Raghda , Bellou Stamatia , Fotaki Grammatiki , Stephanou Georgia , Demopoulos Nikos A. , Papanikolaou Seraphim , Aggelis George 
Published: January 2015

Polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially gamma linolenic acid (GLA), are potentially useful agents in the treatment of cancer. Cunninghamella echinulata, a fungus species that is able to synthesize GLA, when cultivated under nitrogen‐limited conditions in a medium having glucose as carbon and energy source, accumulated 32–35% of lipids containing 11–18% GLA. The conversion yield of glucose to lipid was around 0.11 g per gram of glucose consumed while the lipid production was 5 g/L. Fatty acid lithium salts (FALS) were prepared from the total Cunninghamella lipids and studied for their effects on HL‐60 human leukemic cells. Cytotoxicity of FALS on HL‐60 leukemic cells was linearly related to the FALS concentration. High FALS concentration (i.e. 15 and 20 μg/mL) induced DNA fragmentation, while concurrent treatment of cells with H2O2 (at 100 μM) and FALS resulted in enhanced cytotoxicity of H2O2. However, when FALS were employed at low concentrations (i.e. 5 and 10 μg/mL), they demonstrated a protective effect on HL‐60 cells against H2O2 genotoxicity, whereas at 20 μg/mL FALS enhanced the ability of H2O2 to induce DNA fragmentation. It is concluded that FALS derived from C. echinulata lipids could be an effective preparation against HL‐60 human leukemic cells.
An extension of the SIMPLE based discontinuous Galerkin solver to unsteady incompressible flows
Authors: Klein B. , Kummer F. , Keil M. , Oberlack M. 
Published: January 2015

SummaryIn this paper, we present a SIMPLE based algorithm in the context of the discontinuous Galerkin method for unsteady incompressible flows. Time discretization is done fully implicit using backward differentiation formulae (BDF) of varying order from 1 to 4. We show that the original equation for the pressure correction can be modified by using an equivalent operator stemming from the symmetric interior penalty (SIP) method leading to a reduced stencil size.To assess the accuracy as well as the stability and the performance of the scheme, three different test cases are carried out: the Taylor vortex flow, the Orr‐Sommerfeld stability problem for plane Poiseuille flow and the flow past a square cylinder. (1) Simulating the Taylor vortex flow, we verify the temporal accuracy for the different BDF schemes. Using the mixed‐order formulation, a spatial convergence study yields convergence rates of k + 1 and k in the L2‐norm for velocity and pressure, respectively. For the equal‐order formulation, we obtain approximately the same convergence rates, while the absolute error is smaller. (2) The stability of our method is examined by simulating the Orr–Sommerfeld stability problem. Using the mixed‐order formulation and adjusting the penalty parameter of the symmetric interior penalty method for the discretization of the viscous part, we can demonstrate the long‐term stability of the algorithm. Using pressure stabilization the equal‐order formulation is stable without changing the penalty parameter. (3) Finally, the results for the flow past a square cylinder show excellent agreement with numerical reference solutions as well as experiments. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.