bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Profusion of Things
Authors: Singer T. Benjamin 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This article argues that activist claims about the erasure of transgender people in public health settings and research studies obscure a profusion of trans- and gender-nonconforming identities, embodiments, and terminology in public health contexts. Using the concept of a “transgender matrix,” this work explains how proliferating transgender imaginaries result in differing conceptualizations of sex, gender, sexuality, race, and culture that resonate with similarly variable public health research categorization practices. Demographic categories are double-edged swords in that they are necessary for the redirection of resources toward socially marginalized people; at the same time, they often constitute the conditions of containment of these same people. Drawing on de Certeau's concept of a tactic, this article proposes a mode of evasion through the mobilization of alternate classificatory schemas based on interrelational race- and class-based categorical imaginaries. This is exemplified by an ethnographically documented account of the Trans-health Information Project (TIP), a federally funded public health program. TIP created nonstandard safer-sex outreach packets that employed classificatory mobility in an ongoing process of adaptation and change, mutating in response to specific racial, ethnic, and class-based differences through the use of local vernaculars. This tactical maneuver temporarily circumnavigated administrative capture.
Making Transgender Count in Poland
Authors: KŁonkowska Anna M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe article examines the criteria for determining which individuals become legible as transgender in Poland and how expert medical and legal discourses normalize the gender identity, sexuality, and gender performativity of this group. Only those transgender people who fit the outdated model of the “true transsexual” are allowed to (in fact expected to) undergo a physical transition. Once transitioned, they are expected to blend into society and present heteronormative, socially conforming gender roles. In Poland, only those people who have been diagnosed as so-called true transsexuals are counted in the estimated number of transgender people. After describing the convoluted legal and medical processes that individuals are required to follow, the article presents qualitative research describing how transgender people in Poland have responded to these normalizing systems. The article concludes with proposals that would make trans populations more legible to policy makers and the mass media without imposing outdated medical norms on the trans community.
Boxes of Our Own Creation
Authors: Harrison-Quintana Jack , Grant Jaime M. , Rivera Ignacio G. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This article reports on the experience of developing and conducting the National Transgender Discrimination Survey (NTDS) as a grassroots community-based project that made a home for the 6,456 trans and gender-nonconforming people who chose to answer its seventy questions and created the largest quantitative data set on trans experience anywhere in the world. In order to explore the possibility of liberatory grassroots survey research, this article addresses three elements of the survey questionnaire and process. First, it discusses the convening of the team that ultimately created the instrument. Second, it describes the four qualifying questions that opened the survey questionnaire, inviting respondents to articulate their own gender identities. And finally, it looks closely at the last question of the survey, which eschewed the multiple-choice format in order to invite long-form responses about any topic respondents wished to address. This project has been unique in that it owes as much to the methodologies of activism and the history of community organizing as to the theories of survey research. Likewise, this article does not seek to offer best practices built only on citations to existing social science but rather is a record of the trail we blazed with this survey project in dialogue with women of color feminisms and trans liberation. The NTDS is a joint project of the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force and the National Center for Transgender Equality.
Persistently raised aspartate aminotransferase (AST) due to macro-AST in a rheumatology clinic
Authors: Mbagaya Wycliffe , Foo Joanne , Luvai Ahai , King Claire , Mapplebeck Sarah , Gough Andrew , Jassam Nuthar 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Macrocomplexes between immunoglobins and aspartate aminotransferase (macro-AST) may result in persistently increased AST concentration. The presence of macro-AST in patients has been implicated in unnecessary investigations of abnormal liver function tests. We report the case of a 44-year-old female who presented to the rheumatology clinic with a 12-months’ history of constant widespread pain affecting her limbs and was found to have an elevated AST concentration. Further information from her GP revealed a 14-years’ history of elevated AST with otherwise normal liver function. Previous abdominal ultrasound and two liver biopsies carried out 2 years apart were normal. This prompted further analytical investigation by the biochemistry department which identified macro-AST as the cause. This case illustrates that persistently raised isolated AST concentration with no other abnormal indices may warrant macroenzyme analysis potentially avoiding unnecessary invasive investigations.
Decreasing the threshold current density in Si lasers fabricated by using dressed-photons
Authors: Tanaka H. , Kawazoe T. , Ohtsu M. , Akahane K. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract:We fabricated a silicon (Si) laser by applying a dressed-photon–phonon assisted annealing process to a ridge-type light waveguide that we fabricated via siliconon- insulator (SOI) technology. We also evaluated a nearinfrared Si photodiode having optical gain to estimate the differential gain coefficient for designing lightwaveguides. We designed light waveguides having a thickness of 15 μm to realize a large optical confinement factor. The fabricated Si laser oscillated at a wavelength of 1.4 μm. The intensity of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) lightwas too low to be observed, because the threshold current density was so low that the Si laser started oscillating immediately after ASE occurred. The threshold current density for oscillation was estimated to be 40 A/cm
Congenital megalourethra: a case report of an isolated delayed presentation
Authors: Puri Anurag , Pal Dilip Kumar 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Megalourethra is a diffuse dilatation of the anterior urethra due to lack of corpus spongiosum with or without corpora cavernosa; it usually presents as a dilatation of that part of the urethra. The absence of these structures causes a ballooning of the urethra despite there being no mechanical obstruction. A 7-year-old boy presented with the complaints of weak stream, ballooning of the penis before and during voiding urine and post voiding dribbling. After examination and micturating urethrogram, he was diagnosed as having megalourethra, which was then corrected using reduction urethroplasty. These days megalourethra is diagnosed with prenatal ultrasonogram. This was a case of isolated delayed presentation of megalourethra without any associated anomaly.
The effect of acupuncture on pain score after open kidney surgery
Authors: Tabassi Kamiar Tavakkoli , Amini Parisa , Mohammadi Shabnam , Razavizadeh Rahim Taghavi , Golchian Amir 
Published: April 2015

Abstract: The pain after nephrectomy, just as any other surgery, is one of the problems that surgeons confront. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relieving effect of acupuncture on the pain experienced after nephrectomy.: This was a clinical trial that was performed on 30 patients with mean age of 40.8 ± 12.54 who were candidates for nephrectomy. After matching for gender and age, the patients were divided into either acupuncture or control group. In acupuncture group, four points were stimulated for 30 minutes, and in control group, other points were stimulated ineffectively for 30 min. Then, the pain experienced in the first six hours after the surgery was registered by a blind observer based on visual analog scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and the t-test.: Our results showed that the severity of pain in the acupuncture group was significantly lower than that in the control group. Also, there were six patients who required opioids in the acupuncture group, but there were 12 such patients in the control group. The mean opiate used in the control group was significantly greater than the mean for the acupuncture group.: Acupuncture can reduce the severity of pain and the demand for opioids in patients who have undergone nephrectomy.
Does Father Involvement Influence the Affect, Language Acquisition, Social Engagement and Behavior in Young Autistic Children? An Early Intervention Study
Authors: Louis Preeti Tabitha , Kumar Navin 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe present study adopts a randomized experimental design to evaluate the impact of a father-mediated therapy to improve the play skills, affect, language, social skills and behavior among 30 clinically diagnosed autistic children at the age of 3-5 years. Standardized inventories such as, The Play Based Observation (PBO), The Griffiths Mental Developmental Scales (GMDS), The Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS) and the Rendel Shorts Questionnaire were administered pre and post intervention. A special program that involved fathers in the caregiving and nurturing processes of these children was designed and implemented for 6 months after which the children were reassessed. Prior to the intervention, deficits in play skills and developmental delays across expressive and receptive language were observed. Scores on the Vineland Social Maturity Scale and the Rendel Shorts revealed behavioral markers. Post intervention, we noticed significant differences in the play, language acquisition, social engagement and behavior in the treatment group in comparison to the control group. The results suggested that father-mediated therapeutic involvement significantly has proven to positively foster development in young autistic children and this is an important implication for practitioners in developing early intervention programs.
The Risk Assessment of Adverse Events of Nursing Activities as the Element of Quality Management in Healhcare
Authors: Wiśniewska Malgorzata Z. , Grudowski Piotr , Konieczyńska Emila 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The purpose of the paper is to present MedCARVER+Shock method and Pareto analysis and its usability for the risk assessment of adverse events of nursing activities. 888 activities carried out by all 190 nurses working at the District Hospital X located in Poland were taken into account. During the research the qualitative approach was used. As the result sixteen groups of nursing activities causing the highest risk of adverse events were selected. Special attention required in: admission of a patient to the ward, sterilization, verbal communication with the patient, using of intravenous cannulas, needles, syringes, devices for transfusion of infusion liquids, servicing of hospital rooms, first aid in life-threatening situations, using medical devices and equipment. Ten basic causes of the risk of adverse events were identified, among others: lack of trainings, of modern equipment, of staff, failure to comply with procedures, lack of staff supervision, poor quality of ancillary materials, lack of management commitment. Finally MedCARVER+Shock method and Pareto analysis usability has been confirmed but it appeared that it is time-consuming and requires support from skilled professionals. Several suggestions have been put forward to improve the utility of MedCARVER+Shock.
Progressive constructions in native-speaker and adult-acquired Spanish
Authors: Fafulas Stephen 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis research documents the acquisition of a range of progressive constructions and their associated predictors of use by English-speaking learners of Spanish in the United States. The few existing studies on acquisition of the Spanish progressive by adult second language learners analyze only theestar‘be located’ + V-ndoform and little is known about the development of other progressive constructions (e.g.,andar‘go around’ + V-ndo) in interlanguage grammars. At the same time, research on the use and distribution of present progressive constructions by adult native-speakers of Spanish is limited. In order to address these gaps in the literature, the current study provides empirical evidence of native-speaker use of a range of progressive constructions and documents the emergence of these forms in adult-acquired Spanish. Results of the current study indicate that progressive constructions vary by dialect and language type, thus presenting an area of difficulty for learners of Spanish.
Breeding Avifauna Of The Waste Water Treatment Plants, Located In Northern Left-Bank Part Of Ukraine
Authors: Fedun O. M. , Usov O. Ye. , Gavris G. G. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Over the years 2005–2012 avifauna was studied of 17 waste water treatment plants, located in the Chernihiv and Sumy Regions (northern left-bank) of Ukraine. 81 species of 30 families and 14 orders were registered. Taking into account landscape and technological peculiarities of the waste water treatment plants the follows zones of the birds’ distribution were distinguished: zone of water areas, agro-meadows zone, zone of dams, technological zone. It was noted that birds occurred in different zones unevenly. Maximal species number and diversity of ecological structure of the breeding avifauna was noted within the water bodies and dams. In terms of landscape-biotopic characteristic in waste water treatment plants dominated dendrophilous and wetland birds.
A Pasture Of Big Ungulate Animals As Key Ecological Factor Influencing On The Fluctuation Of Natural Habitat Of Steppe Herbivorous Mammals
Authors: Tokarsky V. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The objective laws of the natural habitat structure of European subspecies of the steppe marmot over the period of the 20–21st centuries in Rostov Region have been analyzed. Essential changes in the way of usage of nature and foremost the decrease of number of stock-raising capacities and pasture areas took place all over the territory of European subspecies of the steppe marmot natural habitat. There is no doubt that the agricultural usage of land contributed to the inhabitance of big quantity of steppe marmots, namely keeping big quantities of horses and cattle which had large territories used as pasture areas. During these periods, we can see the substantial decreases of the steppe marmot’s population despite full prohibition of hunt (since 1929 there has been no industrial hunting for steppe marmots). In first case, over a 30-year period, the steppe marmots completely disappeared from the territory of Rostov Region. The second period is not over yet. Here we can foresee two variants of the situation development. At present the period of the steppe marmot disappearance has reached its midpoint. If the quantity of cattle and horses remains the same we can surely make forecasts of continued decrease of marmot’s population. However, if a cattle breeding increases the population of steppe marmots will be able to restore its natural habitat to previous size.
On a (3+1)-dimensional Boiti–Leon–Manna–Pempinelli Equation
Authors: Zuo Da-Wei , Gao Yi-Tian , Yu Xin , Sun Yu-Hao , Xue Long 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The Boiti–Leon–Manna–Pempinelli (BLMP) equation is seen as a model for the incompressible fluid. In this article, a (3+1)-dimensional BLMP equation is investigated. With the aid of the Bell polynomials, bilinear form of such an equation is obtained. By virtue of the bilinear form, two kinds of soliton solutions with different nonlinear dispersion relations and another kind of analytic solutions are derived. Lax pairs and Bäcklund transformations are also constructed. Soliton propagation and interaction are analysed: (i) solitions with different nonlinear dispersion relations have different velocities and backgrounds; (ii) for another kind of analytic solutions with different nonlinear dispersion relations, the periodic property is displayed.
Solar powered infotainment spot: design, feasibility study and fabrication of an autonomous PV system
Authors: Weeda V. , Isabella O. , Zeman M. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTFor increasing the awareness of photovoltaic (PV) conversion and its consumer developments, a PV-powered infotainment spot (information + entertainment) has been recently designed to be used in the campus of Delft University of Technology. This demonstrator provides information to people on campus via a rugged touchscreen that is powered only by solar energy. In this PV system, a 90-W rated flexible CIGS module was deployed as market alternative to rigid c-Si modules. A methodology to accurately estimate the irradiance on a curved plane was developed. Taking into account temperature, irradiance and shading effects, the energy production of the PV module was estimated to be 62 kWh/year. On the other hand, the load should exhibit an energy consumption of 19.3 kWh/year. By means of a 12-V DC mini grid, the excess energy was thus stored in a 120 Ah battery regulated via charge controller or made directly available with two ad-hoc USB ports for smartphone battery recharging. The realized prototype of the infotainment spot is potentially a completely autonomous small-scale PV system with zero loss of load probability.
A importância do método crítico na renovação dos estudos católicos em Portugal: o caso de Luís António Verney
Authors: Ferreira Breno Ferraz Leal 
Published: April 2015

No presente artigo, pretende-se tratar da obra Verdadeiro método de estudar (1746), de Luís António Verney (1713-1792), como uma proposta de renovação dos estudos católicos em Portugal baseada no método crítico. Após passarmos em revista o desenvolvimento do método crítico nos séculos XVII e XVIII, identificando alguns de seus desdobramentos na França, Itália e Portugal, inseriremos a obra de Verney no contexto intelectual italiano, onde o autor viveu desde 1736. Em seguida, mostraremos como a proposta do autor girava em torno da ideia de se conciliar a filosofia moderna com a teologia dogmática. Para ele, a teologia escolástica adotada pela Companhia de Jesus nos colégios e universidades portugueses não servia para o que deveria ser o principal empenho de teólogos e filósofos: defender a religião católica satisfatoriamente contra a heterodoxia religiosa.
Tradições de história global na América Latina e no Caribe
Authors: Marquese Rafael , Pimenta João Paulo 
Published: April 2015

Neste artigo é feito um apanhado crítico de autores e correntes historiográficas que, nos séculos XIX e XIX, estiveram voltados para a história da América Latina e do Caribe e que de muitas maneiras podem, efetivamente, ser considerados representantes do que hoje se reconhece como uma chamada história global. Com isso, pretende-se matizar e relativizar os afãs renovadores daqueles historiadores que atualmente se identificam com tal postura, bem como valorizar a importância de olhares abrangentes e articulados sobre a história do continente americano.
Problematização das relações entre História e Literatura na historiografia portuguesa actual: alguns exemplos
Authors: Moreira Nuno Bessa 
Published: April 2015

Este artigo trata o tema da narrativa historiográfica, relacionando-o com a literatura, desde os anos 1980, e na virada do século XX para o XXI, em Portugal - assunto escassamente abordado. Situamo-nos numa História da Historiografia comparativa, salvaguardando um enquadramento sintético da evolução desta área durante o século XX, considerando-se uma perspectiva internacional da História Narrativa. Serão analisados três textos específicos, da autoria de Fátima Bonifácio, Rui Bebiano e Luís Adão da Fonseca. Projetando conclusões, defende-se que a História Narrativa não alberga uma realidade una e homogénea. Enquanto Maria de Fátima Bonifácio parece pugnar pelo retorno da velha História, Rui Bebiano entende-a como poética, sem abdicar do rigor na pesquisa de fontes. Luís Adão da Fonseca defende a manutenção da história científica, mas considera que esta deve se conjugar com um estilo literário.
Distribution of oligochaetes in a stream in the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil
Authors: Rosa BFJV. , Martins RT. , Alves RG. 
Published: April 2015

The oligochaetes are considered good indicators of ecological conditions and specific types of habitats. Among the factors that influence the distribution of these invertebrates are the water flow and the nature of the substrate. The aim of this study is to describe the composition and distribution of oligochaete species in a first-order stream in Atlantic Forest and try to identify if some species are associated with characteristics of particular types of habitats. In the dry season and in the rainy season, sand and litter samples in two riffle areas and two pool areas were collected in different parts along the stream using a hand net. The greatest observed richness and abundance occurred in sand in the pool, however the greatest estimated richness was obtained for litter in the pool. The Kruskal-Wallis analysis showed effect of the different types of habitat on the abundance and richness of oligochaetes. The Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) and Multiresponse Permutation Procedure analysis (MRPP) indicated that the variation in the fauna composition had relation with different types of substrates. The indicator species analysis showed that Limnodrilus. hoffmeisteri was an indicator species in both the riffle sand and pool sand and Pristina americana was only an indicator in the pool sand. The high organic matter content in both sandy habitats probably favored the greater abundance of oligochaetes. The results showed that the substrate constitutes an important factor for the local distribution of these invertebrates in streams. The variation of the community structure among mesohabitats and the presence of indicator species of specific types of habitats in the stream demonstrate the importance of environmental heterogeneity for the oligochaetes fauna in forested streams.
Effects of transverse relationships between maxillary arch, mouth, and face on smile esthetics
Authors: Zhang Ke , Huang Lan , Yang Lin , Xu Li , Xue Chaoran , Xiang Zichao , Zhao Mengyuan , Li Song , Bai Yuxing , Bai Ding 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTObjective: To identify the ideal ratios between the widths of the maxillary arch, mouth, and face, respectively, and to determine the range of acceptable esthetic variations based on these ideal ratios.Materials and Methods: A photograph of a young female with a harmonious smile was selected and digitally altered to produce two sets of images. The first image showed an altered intercanine width, while the second one showed an altered oral fissure breadth. These alterations were independently rated by judges, including 23 orthodontists and 30 undergraduates. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare the scores given by male and female judges and those given by professional and nonprofessional judges.Results: The following ideal transverse ratios were determined: intercanine width/oral fissure breadth, 0.638; oral fissure breadth/interparopia width: the distance between left and right paropia, 0.617; and intercanine width/face width at the level of the labial commissures, 0.300. A range of −10% to +10% was proposed as the thresholds of esthetic smile evaluations. It was shown that gender of the raters had no effect on the rating of photographs, nor were there any statistically significant differences between the professional and nonprofessional judges’ ratings.Conclusions: Balanced transverse relationships in the facial region are important for smile esthetics, and there is a wide range of esthetically acceptable variations in the transverse relationships between the maxillary arch, mouth, and face.