bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural, Optical, Surface Morphological and Electrical Properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 Thin Film Synthesized by Drop Casting Technique
Authors: Vanalakar Sharadrao Anandarao , Yeo Soo Jung , Patil Pramod Shankarrao , Kim Jin Young , Kim Jin Hyeok 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Quaternary Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films have been receiving an
excessive technological interest in the solar cell industry due to its
outstanding opto-electronics properties. This study report the
deposition of CZTS thin films on the soda lime glass substrate using
simple and cost effective drop casting route. In this route, CZTS ink
was prepared using CuCl2, SnCl2, ZnCl2,
Na2S as a precursors, and polyvinylpyrrolidone as a binder
with de-ionized water as a solvent. The CZTS ink was then drop-cast
onto the clean glass substrate at 110 ℃ and sintered
at 550 ℃ for 1.30 h in sulfur
vapor. Amorphous thin films of CZTS were deposited, and thermally
converted to polycrystalline, semiconducting CZTS. Films were studied
using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman
spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy
dispersive spectrometer, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. A polycrystalline
CZTS thin films were obtained with a ratio of
Zn/Sn = 1.0, S / metal = 1.07. The
films had a band gap of about 1.56 eV. The films were
p-type with a hall mobility of 32 cm2/Vs. These drop
cast CZTS thin films can be applied as the absorber layers in solar
cells. We expect that the method and idea presented in this work will
provide a new way for the construction of highly efficient
photo-absorber not only for CZTS, but also for other semiconductor
materials.
Spatial Localization of Recent Ancestors for Admixed Individuals
Authors: Yang Wen-Yun , Platt Alexander , Chiang Charleston Wen-Kai , Eskin Eleazar , Novembre John , Pasaniuc Bogdan 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAncestry analysis from genetic data plays a critical role in studies of human disease and evolution. Recent work has introduced explicit models for the geographic distribution of genetic variation and has shown that such explicit models yield superior accuracy in ancestry inference over nonmodel-based methods. Here we extend such work to introduce a method that models admixture between ancestors from multiple sources across a geographic continuum. We devise efficient algorithms based on hidden Markov models to localize on a map the recent ancestors (e.g., grandparents) of admixed individuals, joint with assigning ancestry at each locus in the genome. We validate our methods by using empirical data from individuals with mixed European ancestry from the Population Reference Sample study and show that our approach is able to localize their recent ancestors within an average of 470 km of the reported locations of their grandparents. Furthermore, simulations from real Population Reference Sample genotype data show that our method attains high accuracy in localizing recent ancestors of admixed individuals in Europe (an average of 550 km from their true location for localization of two ancestries in Europe, four generations ago). We explore the limits of ancestry localization under our approach and find that performance decreases as the number of distinct ancestries and generations since admixture increases. Finally, we build a map of expected localization accuracy across admixed individuals according to the location of origin within Europe of their ancestors.
Regulation of Synaptic Transmission at theCaenorhabditis elegansM4 Neuromuscular Junction by an Antagonistic Relationship Between Two Calcium Channels
Authors: Steciuk Mark , Cheong Mi Cheong , Waite Christopher , You Young-Jai , Avery Leon 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn wild-type Caenorhabditis elegans, the synapse from motor neuron M4 to pharyngeal terminal bulb (TB) muscles is silent, and the muscles are instead excited by gap junction connections from adjacent muscles. An eat-5 innexin mutant lacking this electrical connection has few TB contractions and is unable to grow well on certain foods. We showed previously that this defect can be overcome by activation of the M4 → TB synapse. To identify genes that negatively regulate synaptic transmission, we isolated new suppressors of eat-5. To our surprise, these suppressors included null mutations in NPQR-type calcium channel subunit genes unc-2 and unc-36. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that Ca2+ entry through the NPQR-type channel inhibits synaptic transmission by activating the calcium-activated K+ channel SLO-1, thus antagonizing the EGL-19 L-type calcium channel.
Oocyte And Embryo Vitrification In The Ivf Laboratory: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Simopoulou Maria , Asimakopoulos Byron , Bakas Panagiotis , Boyadjiev Nikolay , Tzanakaki Despoina , Creatsas George 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT
Vitrification is an excellent tool in the IVF laboratory, enabling options and offering flexibility in assisted reproduction. The technology of cryopreservation has been underway since the early 20th century. The advent of vitrification has advanced the expectations in routine clinical practice in the IVF laboratory presenting impressive results both in post-thaw survival, and in clinical pregnancy rates, as well as significantly enhancing clinical results on preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). Contradicting opinions have been published recently on the limitations and potential that vitrification has in the laboratory, as well as on the optimal approach to employ vitrification in IVF. This review aims to present a comprehensive analysis of the practical aspects of vitrification including concerns and options regarding its use on oocytes and embryos while comparing it with the traditional “slow-freezing” cryopreservation technique
Clinical Investigations: Lash Ptosis As A Characteristic Sign Of Floppy Eyelid Syndrome
Authors: Sredkova Milena I. 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT
AIM: To find a correlation between the floppy eyelid syndrome and the clinical sign of lash ptosis and loss of eyelash parallelism and develop an algorithm for early diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective case-control study including 97 consecutive patients diagnosed with floppy eyelid and 81 healthy sex- and age-matched controls. The study was conducted in Professor Pashev Eye Hospital, Sofia between January 2011 and December 2012. The clinical sign of lash ptosis and loss of eyelash parallelism was investigated in two stages. The condition was graded using a specially designed algorithm. RESULTS: Lash ptosis and loss of eyelash parallelism was documented in all 97 (100%) patients with floppy eyelid and only in 8 patients (9%) in the control group. Statistical analysis of the results showed a very strong association between this sign and the floppy eyelid syndrome (p < 0.0001), and a correlation between the degree of lash ptosis and stage of the disease (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: The clinical sign of lash ptosis and loss of eyelash parallelism is characteristic for the syndrome. Recognizing this sign during a routine eye examination can facilitate a timely diagnosis of the frequently overlooked and improperly treated disorder of floppy eyelid.
Experimental Investigations: Micromeritic Procedures In Assessing Antinuclear Antibody Patterns In Immunofluorescent Assay
Authors: Murdjeva Mariana A. , Milieva Emilia T. , Stefanov Rumen S. , Draganov Marian M. , Krastev Petko B. 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT
AIM: The aim of this study was to introduce a micromeritic procedure (a statistical approach for small objects) in indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) to fi nd objective quantitative parameters of antinuclear antibody (ANA) patterns which could support a diagnosis of auto-immune diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sera of patients with systemic autoimmune diseases, McCoy-Plovdiv serum-free cell line, goat anti-human immunoglobulin-G FITC-conjugate, fluorescent microscope, computer-assisted digital image processing, analysis using a micromeritic procedure, ANOVA. RESULTS: Three ANA fluorescent patterns (homogeneous, rim and speckled) were analyzed by the micromeritic procedure. Parameters for the image brightness of the pixels (pixel grey value) were obtained and discussed as objective characteristics of fluorescent patterns: maximum ANA-linkage volume and surface density were established for the objects with speckled localization pattern. CONCLUSION: The micromeritic method for getting objective quantitative values of ANA fluorescent patterns in indirect immunofluorescent assay might be a valuable tool aiding in immunological diagnosing if integrated in a laboratory software package.
Chemical Tests for Identification and Characterization of Tomato Cultivars
Authors: Vishwanath K. , Pallavi H.M. , Nethra N. , Prasad S. Rajendra 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT
Various chemical tests are being used to reveal chemical differences among the seeds or seedlings of different cultivars. Study to characterize and identify 24 tomato cultivars based on chemical test chemicals viz., Standard phenol test, Modified phenol test, NaOH test, KOH test and Seedling growth response to added chemicals reveled that, most of the cultivars studied were distinct from other cultivars. No single chemical test could distinguish all the varieties. However, distinguishable chemical characteristics were used to develop the keys for identification of each and every cultivar and all the cultivars were distinguished based on these identification keys.
Recognition and Determination of Related Traits Importance with Seed Yield in Chickpea (Cicer Aietinum)
Authors: Ghorbani Tayebeh , Cheghamirza Kianoosh , Bardideh Kosar , Shoar Parastoo Basili 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT
To study the relationship between seed yield and its components 5 varieties and 18 different genotypes of Cicer arietinum were evaluated. This study was carried out under dryland farming during 2007 in research farm of Razi university. Path analysis showed that in the first level of yield, the highest direct effect was related to biological yield and the highest indirect effect was related to seed number per plant due to biological yield. In second level of yield due to the seed number per plant double seed pod number had the highest direct effect and the highest indirect effect was related to hundreds seed weight due to double the seed pod number. In second level of yield due to biological yield, the highest direct effect was related to high plant and the highest indirect effect was related to high plant due to second branch number. In the third level of yield due to a hundred seed weight, the highest direct effect was related to pod diameter and the highest indirect effect was related to pod length due to pod diameter. Factor analysis showed that 5 factors explained 81.65 percent of the variance. Cluster analysis based on ward method were arranged genotypes in 3 clusters.
Variation of Water-Soluble Carbohydrates and Grain Yield in Iranian Cold Barley Promising Lines Under Well-Watered and Water Stress Conditions
Authors: Mohammadi Soleiman , Nazani Reza Kas , Mahootchi Ayda Hosseinzadeh , Ftohi Keiwan 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT
In order to evaluate promising lines in terms of grain yield and water-soluble carbohydrates remobiliza-tion, an experiment with fifteen promising lines and two checks was carried out under full irrigation and terminal water stress conditions at Miyandoab Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Station. Mobilized dry matter content and remobilization percentage from shoot to grain under water deficit (177mg)(11.2%) were greater than those under well watering condition. The lowest (110 mg) and the highest (260mg) mobilized dry matter to grain were obtained for C-79-18 and C-83-15lines, respectively. Water deficit reduced grain yield of barley genotypes by 200-1600 kg/ha, and mean grain yield reduction was 800 kg/ha. Line 14 with 5.880and 5.300t/ha grain yield in favorable and water stress conditions was superior to the other lines. Under water deficit condition, line 14 had greater grain yieldby20% and 38% than the Bahman and Makouee cultivars, respectively. The results showed that greater grain yield in tolerant lines under water deficit was due to remobilization of unstructured carbohydrates from shoot to grain. Thus, it seems that selection of lines with higher translocated dry matter and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilate in grain filling under water stress, the suitable way for achieving genotypes with high grain yield under water stress condition.
Mal D'Archive: Derrida, Freud, and the Beginnings of the Logic of the Trace in 1888
Authors: Bergo Bettina 
Published: November 2014

Starting from Mal d'archive and La bête et le souverain II, I explore what Derrida argues is the cleaved nature of Freud's concepts, and which he compares to the contradictory characteristics of every archive (from a library, to memory, to writing, to electronic mail): to be revolutionary in its institution of the new and simultaneously to be or become conservative, even reactionary. For Derrida, Freud's later writing will tie the motivation to create an archive to the destructive logic of the death drive. An interesting example of Freud's cleaved concepts first emerges in his early study of the brain (1888). It is elaborated in his deconstructive approach to aphasia and to the acquisition of language (1891). I argue in this essay that Derrida understood Freud's logic as present over the course of his entire life, and this, in a way that justifies my showing its presence in Freud's earliest neurological texts. I show that in its radicality, which includes an interactionist neurology based on inscription and archiving, opposition to 19th century cortico-centrism (and the homunculus model of psychic sovereignty), and a rethinking of traditional “localizationism,” Freud's model of the brain and mind would have advanced understanding of the mental “archive” decades before this upheaval took place in neuroscience.
Formes et usages de la mémoire dans la construction de l'éthos professionnel
Authors: Bonnet Thomas , Filion Normand 
Published: November 2014

Cet article présente quelques résultats d’une étude comparative interrogeant la construction de l’éthos professionnel à travers l’usage mémoriel. En s’intéressant à la façon dont les souvenirs sont mobilisés dans trois collectifs de travail, les auteurs montrent comment les identités s’élaborent dans l’appel à différents régimes discursifs. Trois types de récits sont dégagés : l’anecdote, le récit expérientiel et l’« histoire illustre ». S’ils s’appuient sur des souvenirs individuels et sont partagés au sein des groupes, ils contribuent cependant chacun spécifiquement à la construction du sens du travail.
Bovine tuberculosis in Rwanda: Prevalence and economic impact evaluation by meat inspection at Société des Abattoirs de Nyabugogo-Nyabugogo Abattoir, Kigali
Authors: Habarugira Gervais , Rukelibuga Joseph , Nanyingi Mark O. , Mushonga Borden 
Published: November 2014

Despite the significant public health burden of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in Rwanda, the prevalence of bTB is poorly documented. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of bTB in cattle using gross examination of granulomatous lesions, to identify mycobacteria species in suspected samples, and to evaluate the economic impact of meat condemnation based on bTB-like lesions in the meat industry in Rwanda. Routine meat inspection was conducted at Société des Abattoirs de Nyabugogo (SABAN)-Nyabugogo Abattoir. Tissue samples including 31 lymph nodes, 3 lungs and 2 livers were obtained from cattle of different ages with gross tuberculous lesions. Mycobacterium bovis was identified using microscopy with Kinyoun staining and isolation of mycobacterial species in culture on Löwenstein–Jensen and Colestos media, further identified using biochemical tests. Our findings, based on culture and postmortem results, show that the prevalence of bTB is 0.5%(0.587*148/16753), with an overall gross tuberculous lesion prevalence of 0.9% (148/16753). The presence of lesions were higher in cattle aged 2 years and older (1.6% vs. 0.6%, p < 0.05) and higher in females than in males (1.4% vs. 0.6%, p < 0.05). Of the 36 samples tested, 26 (72.2%) were positive by microscopic examination with Kinyoun staining while M. bovis was culture-confirmed in 21 (58.7%) cases. Bovine tuberculosis caused condemnation of 1683.5 kg of meat, resulting in an estimated loss of $4810. Our findings indicate that the prevalence of bTB in Rwanda is significant, and that bTB is a major cause of meat condemnation requiring continued implementation of surveillance and control measures. Furthermore, the results from this study also show important variations in sensitivity of the different tests that were used to determine the prevalence of bTB in cattle in Rwanda.
Newton-Shamanskii Method for a Quadratic Matrix Equation Arising in Quasi-Birth-Death Problems
Authors: Guo Pei-Chang 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn order to determine the stationary distribution for discrete time quasi-birth-death Markov chains, it is necessary to find the minimal nonnegative solution of a quadratic matrix equation. The Newton-Shamanskii method is applied to solve this equation, and the sequence of matrices produced is monotonically increasing and converges to its minimal nonnegative solution. Numerical results illustrate the effectiveness of this procedure.
Computing Switching Surfaces in Optimal Control Based on Triangular Decomposition
Authors: Li Xiaoliang , Huang Yanli , Zheng Zewei , Cheng Wanyou 
Published: November 2014

AbstractVarious algorithms for optimal control require the explicit determination of switching surfaces. However, switching strategies may be very complicated, such that the computation of switching surfaces is quite challenging. General methods are proposed here to compute switching surfaces systematically, based on algebraic computational tools such as triangular decomposition. Our methods are highly complex compared to some widely-used numerical options, but they can be made feasible for realtime applications by moving the computational burden off-line. The tutorial-style presentation is intended to introduce potentially powerful symbolic computation methods to system scientists in particular, and an illustrative example of time-optimal control is given to show the effectiveness and generality of our approach.
Lie Group Classification for a Generalised Coupled Lane-Emden System in Dimension One
Authors: Muatjetjeja Ben , Khalique Chaudry Masood 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn this article, we discuss the generalised coupled Lane-Emden systemu”+ H(v) = 0,v” +G(u) = 0 that applies to several physical phenomena. The Lie group classification of the underlying system shows that it admits a ten-dimensional equivalence Lie algebra. We also show that the principal Lie algebra in one dimension has several possible extensions, and obtain an exact solution for an interesting particular case via Noether integrals.
Backward Error Analysis for an Eigenproblem Involving Two Classes of Matrices
Authors: Zhu Lei , Xu Weiwei 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWe consider backward errors for an eigenproblem of a class of symmetric generalised centrosymmetric matrices and skew-symmetric generalised skew-centrosymmetric matrices, which are extensions of symmetric centrosymmetric and skew-symmetric skew-centrosymmetric matrices. Explicit formulae are presented for the computable backward errors for approximate eigenpairs of these two kinds of structured matrices. Numerical examples illustrate our results.
Factors Influencing Physical Activity Behaviors in Colorectal Cancer Survivors
Authors: Packel Lora B. , Prehn Angela Witt , Anderson Cheryl L. , Fisher Paige L. 
Published: November 2014

Purpose. To elucidate factors that impact intention (INT) to be active as well as actual physical activity (PA) behavior in colorectal cancer survivors (CRC-S) using the theory of planned behavior (TpB). Planning for PA was explored as a mediator of the INT-behavior relationship. Chemotherapy-induced neuropathy and fatigue were also explored. Design. A cross-sectional quantitative mailed survey was used. Setting. The study was conducted among community-dwelling adults living in Pennsylvania when diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC). Subjects. Subjects comprised 843 CRC-S diagnosed with CRC in Pennsylvania in 2009. Measures. The survey included questions about planning for PA, TpB constructs, medical and social variables, and PA as measured by a modified Godin Leisure Time Questionnaire. Analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample. A mediation analysis was used to determine if planning mediated the relationship between INT and actual PA behavior. A stepwise regression was used to determine predictors of INT and PA. Results. Ninety-six CRC-S responded, with 25% meeting PA recommendations for health promotion, suggesting that CRC-S are insufficiently active. Perceived behavioral control (PBC) and social norm (SN) accounted for 43% of the variance in INT, whereas 30% of the variance in PA was explained by PBC and age. Neuropathy negatively impacted PA behavior (p = .008). Both action and coping planning partially mediated the INT-behavior relationship (β = 20.08, p = .007; β = 22.85, p = .001, respectively). Conclusion. Survivors at risk for inactivity are those with low PBC, low SN, and neuropathy, and those who are older.
De ambtenaar als professional?
Authors: Jansen Thijs , Janssen Luc , Kwakkelstein Tobias 
Published: November 2014

The civil servant as a professional
The opening article introduces the topic of this special issue: civil servants. Changes in the context, role and legal status of civil servants in the Netherlands fuel the debate on the civil servant as a professional in academic and policy circles. This special issue reports on this debate, with contributions from legal, sociological, public administration and more applied perspectives.
Op weg naar een nieuwe ambtelijke status
Authors: Janssen Luc 
Published: November 2014

Towards a new civil servant status
After years of debate, the discussion concerning the legal status of civil servants has reached its climax. The abolition of special civil servant status has never been closer. In February 2014 the Dutch Parliament approved a proposal that is based on the view that the particular legal status of civil servants has to be ‘normalized’, and that the terms and conditions of employment in the public sector could be regulated in line with market sector standards. In this article, both the discussion and the proposal are considered. In addition, we reflect on the extent to which and the way in which the proposal could have a positive impact on the development of the professional competence of civil servants.