bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intramuscular pH modulates glutamate‐evoked masseter muscle pain magnitude in humans
Authors: Sato H. , Castrillon E.E. , Cairns B.E. , Bendixen K.H. , Wang K. , Nakagawa T. , Wajima K. , Svensson P. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundThis study was conducted to determine whether glutamate‐evoked jaw muscle pain is modulated by the acidity and temperature of the solution injected.MethodsThirty two participants participated and received injections of high‐temperature acidic (HT‐A) glutamate (pH 4.8, 48 °C), high‐temperature neutral (HT‐N) glutamate (pH 7.0, 48 °C) and neutral temperature neutral (NT‐N) glutamate (pH 7.0, 38 °C) solutions (0.5 mL) into the masseter muscle. Pain intensity was assessed with an electronic visual analogue scale (eVAS). Numerical rating scale (NRS) scores of unpleasantness and temperature perception, pain‐drawing areas, mechanical sensitivity and pressure pain thresholds (PPT) were also measured. Participants filled out the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ). One or two way ANOVAs were used for data analyses.ResultsInjection of HT‐A glutamate solutions significantly increased the area under the VAS‐time curve compared with injection of HT‐N glutamate and NT‐N glutamate solution (p < 0.040). The duration of glutamate‐evoked pain was significantly longer when HT‐A glutamate was injected than when NT‐N glutamate was injected (p < 0.017). No significant effects of acidity were detected on pain drawings, NRS unpleasantness and heat perception, but there was a significant effect of acidity on MPQ scores and mechanical sensitivity.ConclusionAcidity and temperature modulate glutamate‐evoked jaw muscle pain suggesting an interaction between acid sensing and glutamate receptors which could be of importance for understanding clinical muscle pain conditions.
Development of Silver Nanowires Based Highly Sensitive Amperometric Glucose Biosensor
Authors: Ahmad Mashkoor , Sun Hongyu , Hussain Muhammad , Karim Shafqat , Nisar Amjad , Khan Maaz 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe fabrication of a highly sensitive amperometric glucose biosensor based on silver nanowires (AgNWs) is presented. The electrochemical behavior of glassy carbon electrode modified by Ag NWs exhibits remarkable catalytic performance towards hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and glucose detection. The biosensor could detect glucose in the linear range from 0.005 mM to 10 mM, with a detection limit of 50 µM (S/N=3). The glucose biosensor shows high and reproducible sensitivity of 175.49 µA cm−2 mM and good stability. In addition, the biosensor exhibits a good anti‐interference ability and favorable stability over relatively long‐term storage (more than 21 days).
Guidelines for Closing the Efficiency Gap between Hero Solar Cells and Roll‐To‐Roll Printed Modules
Authors: Lucera Luca , Kubis Peter , Fecher Frank W. , Bronnbauer Carina , Turbiez Mathieu , Forberich Karen , Ameri Tayebeh , Egelhaaf Hans‐Joachim , Brabec Christoph J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractOne of the biggest challenges for the commercialization of polymer‐based and other printed photovoltaic (PV) technologies is to establish reliable up‐scaling processes that minimize the efficiency losses occurring during the transition from record laboratory cells to roll‐to‐roll (R2R) printed PV modules. This article reviews the latest advances in reducing the efficiency gap between record solar cells and large‐area organic PV modules. The major loss sources are identified for the most popular cell architectures and categorized into optical, electrical, and processing‐related contributions. Their relative shares in the overall efficiency drop are quantified through optical and electrical simulations. Further potential sources of efficiency loss, such as the replacement of halogenated by green solvents for active layer processing, are also addressed. Finally, the effect of reduced efficiency gaps on the production costs of R2R printed modules is discussed, demonstrating that values as low as € 0.5 Wp−1 (the nominal power of a solar module/cell) can be achieved.
Surface Modification of Silicon Anodes for Durable and HighEnergy Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Son Seoung‐Bum , Kappes Branden , Ban Chunmei 
Published: March 2015

AbstractCarbonaceous materials have dominated lithium‐ion battery anodes since their discovery in 1972. Materials and design challenges have prevented the move to silicon‐based anodes, despite their significantly higher specific energies. Morphological design motifs have focused on minimizing the structural instabilities that arise during lithium insertion and removal, which are themselves the subject of numerous articles and reviews. This review focuses on surface modification techniques that have been developed to minimize volume expansion, stabilize the surface of silicon against electrical isolation following pulverization, and improve the electronic and ionic conductivities of silicon anodes during operation and cycling.
Intramembranous bone regeneration differs among common inbred mouse strains following marrow ablation
Authors: Moran Meghan M. , Virdi Amarjit S. , Sena Kotaro , Mazzone Steven R. , McNulty Margaret A. , Sumner Dale R. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTVarious intact and post‐injury bone phenotypes are heritable traits. In this study, we sought to determine if intramembranous bone regeneration following marrow ablation differed among common inbred mouse strains and to identify how early the differences appear. We found a ∼four‐fold difference in the regenerated bone volume 21 days after marrow ablation in females from four inbred mouse strains: FVB/N (15.7 ± 8.1%, mean and standard deviation), C3H/He (15.5 ± 4.2%), C57BL/6 (12.2 ± 5.2%), and BALB/c (4.0 ± 4.4%); with BALB/c different from FVB/N (p = 0.007) and C3H/He (p = 0.002). A second experiment showed that FVB/N compared to BALB/c mice had more regenerated bone 7 and 14 days after ablation (p < 0.001), while at 21 days FVB/N mice had a greater fraction of mineralizing surface (p = 0.008) without a difference in mineral apposition rate. Thus, differences among strains are evident early during intramembranous bone regeneration following marrow ablation and appear to be associated with differences in osteogenic cell recruitment, but not osteoblast activity. The amount of regenerating bone was not correlated with other heritable traits such as the intact bone phenotype or soft tissue wound healing, suggesting that there may be independent genetic pathways for these traits. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:1374–1381, 2015.
Comparison of Pioneer and Native Woodland Species Growing on Top of an Engineered Landfill, Hong Kong: Restoration Programme
Authors: Wong Ming Hung , Chan Yuk Sing Gilbert , Zhang Chaosheng , Ng Charles Wang‐Wai 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis study dealt with a restoration project conducted at South‐East New Territories Landfill in Hong Kong, in order to screen suitable tree and shrub species (both native and pioneer species) for revegetation. For engineered landfills, landfill gas migration and leachate contamination to the topsoil are rarely problematic, but the lack of nutrients and moisture and poor physical soil conditions may jeopardize potential woodland establishment. The growth performance of 25 woody plant species subjected to 12 different soil amelioration and seedlings planting methods was compared. The results showed that the general performance (mortality rate, apical height, crown diameter and basal diameter) of pioneer species (notably Acacia species) was much better than that of native species in all blocks of woodland mix and scrub mix. The notch planting method was effective in helping seedling roots to have better contact with soil for water uptake, which subsequently increased the survival rates of seedlings, leading to a better tree coverage. Soil ameliorations (horticultural soil with fertilizer and horse and pig manure) generally increased the seedling survival rate and improved plant growth. Tree coverage on all the plant trial blocks was mainly established by the three Acacia species. A planting distance of 1 m was recommended for woodland establishment, and such dense seedlings planting would achieve a better tree coverage under a shorter period of time (than the distance of 3 m). Difficulties in woodland establishment were discussed, and the strategies for achieving a better tree growth were recommended. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ascorbic acid modulates cell migration in differentiated HL‐60 cells and peripheral blood leukocytes
Authors: Schwager Joseph , Bompard Albine , Weber Peter , Raederstorff Daniel 
Published: March 2015

ScopeThe impact of L‐ascorbic acid (L‐AA) on the chemokinesis (CK) and chemotaxis (CT) of HL‐60 cells and polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) was investigated.Methods and resultsHL‐60 cells were differentiated with DMSO, retinoic acid (RA), vitamin D, or L‐AA. Chemokinesis and chemotaxis of differentiated HL‐cells were assayed. Vitamin D3‐treated HL‐60 cells (dHL‐60vitD3 cells) and RA‐treated cells (dHL‐60RA cells) acquired monocyte/macrophage‐like and neutrophil‐like phenotypes, respectively. DMSO induced the differentiation of an intermediate phenotype (dHL‐60DMSO cells), whereas L‐AA downregulated neutrophil markers (dHL‐60L‐AA cells). dHL‐60DMSO cells had increased CK and potent CT in gradients of IL‐8 and N‐formyl‐L‐methionyl‐L‐leucyl‐L‐phenylalanine (fMLP). dHL‐60RA cells and dHL‐60L‐AA cells migrated less toward IL‐8 and fMLP; dHL‐60vitD3 cells preferably responded to fMLP. L‐AA enhanced CK of dHL‐60DMSO cells and was a weak chemo‐attractant. In human leukocytes, IL‐8 and fMLP triggered receptor‐mediated chemotaxis. CXCR2 and fMLPR were downregulated by IL‐8 and fMLP, respectively. L‐AA stimulated chemotaxis although significantly less than IL‐8 and fMLP. IL‐8 targeted chemotaxis was enhanced both in HL‐60 cells and leukocytes when cells were incubated with L‐AA.ConclusionL‐AA modulated chemokinesis and had significant chemo‐attractant properties, which were independent on fMLP or IL‐8 receptors. The results suggest that L‐AA improves leukocyte function in innate immune responses.
Resveratrol treatment restores peripheral insulin sensitivity in diabetic mice in a sirt1‐independent manner
Authors: González‐Rodríguez Águeda , Santamaría Beatriz , Mas‐Gutierrez José Antonio , Rada Patricia , Fernández‐Millán Elisa , Pardo Virginia , Álvarez Carmen , Cuadrado Antonio , Ros Manuel , Serrano Manuel , Valverde Ángela M. 
Published: March 2015

ScopeMice with deletion of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) 2 develop hyperglycaemia, impaired hepatic insulin signaling and elevated gluconeogenesis. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibition by resveratrol improves peripheral insulin sensitivity of these mice. Although resveratrol activates Sirtuin1 (Sirt1), the mechanisms underlying its beneficial effects are not totally elucidated. In this study, we have investigated whether Sirt1 mediates the effects of resveratrol in controlling insulin resistance in diabetic mice.Methods and resultsWe attempted to ameliorate peripheral insulin resistance in two diabetic models, Irs2‐deficient (Irs2−/−) mice and streptozotocin (STZ)‐injected mice by resveratrol treatment or Sirt1 overexpression. Resveratrol improved systemic insulin sensitivity of Irs2‐deficient mice. Irs2‐deficient mice are characterized by high levels of PTP1B expression in liver and muscle. Interestingly, resveratrol decreased PTP1B in both tissues, thereby restoring IRS1‐mediated insulin signaling. Moreover, resveratrol also restored insulin sensitivity and hepatic insulin signaling in STZ‐diabetic mice. In contrast, moderate overexpression of Sirt1 neither normalized PTP1B levels nor restored insulin signaling in Irs2‐deficient mice or STZ‐diabetic mice.ConclusionResveratrol improves peripheral insulin signaling independently of Sirt1 in diabetic mice in association with the inhibition of PTP1B and, therefore, this polyphenol could be an effective adjuvant for the treatment of diabetes.
An optimized Gaussian beam for multicell indoor optical wireless communications
Authors: Wu Dehao , Ghassemlooy Zabih , Zhong Wen‐de , Chen Chen 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTThe characteristics of a multipath indoor optical wireless channel can be estimated by two parameters: optical channel path loss (OCPL) and the root mean square (RMS) delay spread. In this letter, an optimized Gaussian beam (OGB) is proposed for a cellular indoor optical wireless communications (CI‐OWC) system. The expression for OGB with an optimized beam waist radius for OGB is derived. OCPL and the RMS delay spread (Drms) for four different configurations are simulated and analyzed. Results show that, for a CI‐OWC system, a minimum OCPL can be achieved by using the OGB and the maximum transmission data rate can be significantly extended by increasing the number of cells. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1049–1052, 2015
A novel miniature dual‐band bandpass filter based on the first and second resonances for 2.4/5.2 GHz WLAN application
Authors: Luo Jie , Liao Cheng , Zhou Haijing , Xiong Xiangzheng 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTIn this article, a dual‐band narrow bandpass filter using U‐shaped stepped‐impedance resonator (SIR) for 2.4/5.2 GHz wireless local area network (WLAN) application is proposed. The filter is composed of a simple U‐shaped SIR and novel feedlines with two open stubs. Furthermore, this article relatively used the first and second resonances to achieve the dual‐band performance. To validate the design and analysis, a prototype filter has been fabricated with two passbands are centered at 2.4 and 5.2 GHz with the fractional bandwidth of 4.9 and 3.5%, respectively. Its excellent selectivity is suitable for WLAN application. The measurement performances show good agreements with the simulated ones. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1143–1146, 2015
Switchable power combining circuit for improved graceful‐degradation performance
Authors: Lee Dong‐Mook , Hong Yunseog , An Yon‐Jun , Yook Jong‐Gwan 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTA four‐way switchable power combiner/divider is proposed in this letter. The structure is based on a substrate integrated circular cavity, and control of the number of coupling probes is possible for graceful degradation. The proposed structure forms a switchable power combining circuit with amplifiers at 2.13 GHz. In addition, the proposed scheme provides improved graceful‐degradation performance under the condition of amplifier's failure. The graceful‐degradation characteristics of gain and output power are experimentally demonstrated as one or more amplifiers are switched off. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1213–1216, 2015
Mediations of Cloth: Tapa and Personhood among the Maisin inPNG
Authors: Hermkens Anna‐Karina 
Published: March 2015

AbstractTapa (or barkcloth), which is made from the outer bark of specific trees, is intimately interwoven with past and present socialities acrossOceania. The cloths have been used to decorate, wrap, cover, protect, and carry the human body, as exchange valuables and commodities, in land claims, and as indexes and embodiments of ancestral power. This article explores the complexities of personhood inOceania by focusing on the making and ceremonial use of tapa among the Maisin of Collingwood Bay,PapuaNewGuinea. It elucidates dynamics of the intimate correspondence between people and things, and, in particular, how people's gendered identities are mediated: that is shaped, reproduced, and contested through the cloth's specific materiality and design. Ultimately, it reveals the mutual growth of people and things and how they are part of each other's substance, thereby dissolving the subject–object dichotomy.
Finding the Diamond: Prosperity, Secrecy, and Labour inVanuatu
Authors: Rousseau Benedicta 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn this article I discuss a genre of stories circulating in contemporaryVanuatu that tells of mysterious routes to wealth through attainment and possession of ‘the diamond’ in one of its myriad forms. Examples of these stories are given, and the genre is discussed with reference to changes in the economic and labouring activities of ni‐Vanuatu, particularly in the pre‐independence plantation economy. While possession of the diamond may lead to undreamed‐of wealth, in the majority of the stories the recipient fails to abide by the necessary conditions of secrecy, and usually loses their newly gained prosperity. The links between ‘magic’ and wealth production described byAlfredGell are discussed, in addition to the ways in which the magical might be used as a metonym for the ‘double binds’ of modernity. Drawing onNeilMaclean's distinction between freedom and autonomy inMelanesia, the article concludes with reflections on how ni‐Vanuatu might find a ‘self of value’ amid changed economic conditions and their social corollaries.
Current attitudes of parents and patients toward hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for sickle cell anemia
Authors: Meier Emily Riehm , Dioguardi Jacqueline V. , Kamani Naynesh 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only available cure for sickle cell anemia (SCA). HSCT‐associated risks are one of many barriers to its widespread use for SCA. The study objective was to assess parent and patient perceptions of HSCT in the era of more widespread knowledge about HSCT for SCA.ProcedureWe surveyed parents of children with SCA and adolescents with SCA using the standard reference gamble paradigm. Survey responses between Africans (A) and African Americans (AA) and between parents and adolescents were compared.ResultsSeventy‐two percent (64/89) of the respondents were willing to accept ≥5% risk of mortality, while 57% said they would accept a risk of ≥10% of graft versus host disease (GVHD). Twenty‐two percent were unwilling to accept any risk of mortality or GVHD. Risk averseness did not differ between A or AA respondents. Fifty‐six percent of respondents were willing to accept infertility post‐HSCT.ConclusionsThese data suggest that the majority of parents and adolescents are willing to accept the current risks associated with matched sibling HSCT for SCA. However, there continue to be significant numbers of parents and adolescents who are unwilling to accept any risk of HSCT‐associated mortality or GVHD. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:1277–1284. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Metformin protects primary rat hepatocytes against oxidative stress‐induced apoptosis
Authors: de la Rosa Laura Conde , Vrenken Titia E. , Buist‐Homan Manon , Faber Klaas Nico , Moshage Han 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe majority of chronic liver diseases are accompanied by oxidative stress, which induces apoptosis in hepatocytes and liver injury. Recent studies suggest that oxidative stress and insulin resistance are important in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the pathophysiology of diabetes complications. Metformin has been shown to be hepatoprotective in the insulin‐resistant and leptin‐deficient ob/ob mouse model of NAFLD. However, the mechanism involved in the protective effects of metformin has not been elucidated yet. Therefore, we investigated the protective effect of metformin against oxidative stress‐induced apoptosis. Primary rat hepatocytes were exposed to the oxidative stress‐generating compound menadione in the presence and absence of metformin. Apoptosis was determined by measuring caspase activity and poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP)‐cleavage, and necrosis was measured by Sytox Green nuclear staining. We demonstrate that (1) Metformin inhibits menadione‐induced caspase‐9,‐6,‐3 activation and PARP‐cleavage in a concentration‐dependent manner. (2) Metformin increases menadione‐induced heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) expression and inhibits c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK)‐phosphorylation. (3) Metformin does not induce necrosis in primary hepatocytes. Metformin protects hepatocytes against oxidative stress‐induced caspase activation, PARP‐cleavage and apoptosis. The anti‐apoptotic effect of metformin is in part dependent on HO‐1 and bcl‐xl induction and inhibition of JNK activation and independent of insulin signaling. Our results elucidate novel protective mechanisms of metformin and indicate that metformin could be investigated as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of oxidative stress‐related liver diseases.
Ab initio‐based bulk and surface thermodynamics of InGaN alloys: Investigating the effects of strain and surface polarity
Authors: Duff Andrew I. , Lymperakis Liverios , Neugebauer Jörg 
Published: March 2015

The growth of high In content InGaN with sufficiently high crystal quality is challenging due to the differences in the GaN and InN thermodynamics. The surprisingly different thermodynamics is due to a complex competition between strain and chemistry and mediated by the different indium and gallium atomic radii as well as their different bonding enthalpies with nitrogen. In the present work, we investigate bulk and surface thermodynamics of molecular beam epitaxial (MBE) growth of InxGa1−xN for the technologically relevant (0001) and growth planes by means of density functional theory calculations. Our calculations confirm that coherent growth fully suppresses phase separation through spinodal decomposition. However, the biaxial strain is found to have a marginal effect on the critical temperatures for InxGa1−xN decomposition. Furthermore, the thermal stability of excess indium is found to be remarkably higher on N‐polar surfaces than on the Ga‐polar surfaces. Phase diagram of In covered (a) Ga‐polar and (b) N‐polar surfaces as function of In pressure.
O– centers in LuAG:Ce,Mg ceramics
Authors: Hu Chen , Liu Shuping , Fasoli Mauro , Vedda Anna , Nikl Martin , Feng Xiqi , Pan Yubai 
Published: March 2015

Electron traps are known to a have great influence on the carriers transport process in Ce based scintillators. On the other hand, the role of hole traps in the scintillation process has been less considered. By means of electron spin resonance (ESR), we detected hole traps in highly Ce‐doped LuAG:Ce,Mg ceramics in the form of σ‐type O– centers. The g ‐tensor components turn out to be g⊥ = 2.0103, and g|| = 2.0023, revealing the axial symmetry of these defects. Mg‐perturbed variants of O– centers are proposed to exist in LuAG:Ce,Mg. Their occurrence is related to an elongated Mg–O bond as evidenced by DFT calculations. Finally, the multiple role of O– centers in the scintillation process is discussed.
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