bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 2.4‐GHz frequency synthesizer with a discrete‐time sample‐hold‐reset loops filter
Authors: Huang Jhin‐Fang , Lai Wen‐Cheng , Yang Jia‐Lun 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTA 2.4‐GHz integer‐N frequency synthesizer is implemented in TSMC 0.18‐μm CMOS process. This article proposes a charge pump (CP) linearization technique and uses a current‐switching differential Colpitts VCO to lower the phase noise and an averaged varactor circuit to increase the linearity of the VCO tuning range. A three phase sample‐hold‐reset loop filter that isolates the CP output node from the VCO tuning node, which improves synthesizer spur performance, minimizes phase noise and reduces on‐chip capacitors area. At 1.8 V supply voltage, measured results of the proposed prototype achieves a wide tuning range from 2.24 to 2.42 GHz, corresponding to 7.7%, a phase noise of −114.76 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency from 2.4 GHz, a power consumption of 13.6 mW and an output power of −8.43 dBm. Including pads, the chip area only occupies 0.849 (0.899 × 0.944) mm2. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2591–2598, 2014
Stability analysis of the PML scheme for CN‐FDTD and ADI‐FDTD
Authors: Hwang Jiunn‐Nan , Chen Fu‐Chiarng 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThe alternating direction implicit‐finite‐difference time‐domain (ADI‐FDTD) method can be seen as a second‐order perturbation of the Crank–Nicolson FDTD (CN‐FDTD) scheme. When the PML is introduced for the ADI‐FDTD method, the perturbation term will affect the stability of the ADI‐FDTD method. In this work, the stability analysis of the PML schemes for the ADI‐FDTD and CN‐FDTD are demonstrated. It is found that the PML equations for ADI‐FDTD method will be unstable due to the perturbation term. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2637–2642, 2014
Microstrip‐line FED beak‐shaped monopole‐like slot UWB antenna with enhanced band width
Authors: Chandel Richa , Gautam A. K. , Kanaujia Binod Kr. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTA novel microstrip‐line fed beak‐shaped monopole‐like slot UWB antenna is proposed for enhanced ultrawideband, bluetooth, GPS, and GSM applications. In which, a beak‐shaped radiating patch is fed by a microstrip‐line and a square ground plane is defected by etching a hexagonal slot. Two triangular slots in the beak‐shaped radiator and hexagonal‐shaped defect in the ground plane are used to obtain GPS (1520–1590 MHz), GSM (1770–1840 MHz), and bluetooth (2385–2490 MHz). Furthermore, the bandwidth of an antenna is increased by etching a triangular slot at the junction of patch and feeding line. The antenna is fabricated on 1.6 mm thick commercial available FR4 material. The antenna offers an enhanced bandwidth of 24.26 GHz from 0.24 to 24.5 GHz with the voltage standing wave ratio <2. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2624–2628, 2014
Efficient RF extrinsic parameters extraction technique for finfets
Authors: Maafri Djabar , Yagoub Mustapha C. E. , Touhami Rachida , Slimane Abdelhalim , Belaroussi Mohand Tahar 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTSmall signal RF modeling of FinFETs is strongly dependent on the methodology used to extract transistor intrinsic and extrinsic parameters. In this article, an original extraction method is proposed for determining all FinFET extrinsic series elements values from S‐parameters measurements at zero bias condition. The extracted technique is demonstrated through successful comparison between simulated and measured S‐parameters over a widefrequency range. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2616–2619, 2014
Even–odd mode analysis for multiband bandpass filters having multiple resonators and its microstrip implementations
Authors: Karpuz Ceyhun , Gorur Ali Kursad 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThis article presents even–odd mode impedance/admittance descriptions for dual‐mode multiband filters having independently controllable passbands formed by multiple resonators in different electrical lengths. Even–odd mode impedance models of dual‐mode ring resonators are used. Using these models, conventional equivalent admittance formulas are revised with a frequency dependent separation coefficient to obtain the desired in‐band return loss levels by keeping each passband from the effects of other passbands. As the proposed method can be applied for dual‐mode multiband filters, a dual‐mode dual‐band microstrip filter is designed, simulated, and fabricated. Designed filter has two dual‐mode resonators in different electrical lengths which are comprised by square loop resonators having narrow slits. Fabricated dual‐band filter has also been measured in a good agreement with the simulated results. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2664–2667, 2014
Microwave dielectric measurements of fibrous catalyst using transmission line technique in the frequency range of 1–4 GHz
Authors: Aboutaleb Adam , Chi‐Tangyie George , Huddersman Katherine , Oxley Chris H 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTMaterials performance at microwave frequencies has generated a wide interest in recent years for commercial and industrial purposes. However, the interaction between microwave energy and iron compounds is an area where further characterization work is required. The article presents a novel optimized analytical‐numerical method for conversion of smoothed transmission scattering (
) parameters to complex permittivity. The measurement method was validated and subsequently used to characterize the dielectric properties of modified polyacrylonitrile catalyst powder incorporating ligated iron cations. The result is compared to other published iron catalyst materials measured in the same frequency range of 1 to 4 GHz. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2671–2676, 2014
A new design of triple‐band WLAN/WiMAX monopole antenna for multiple‐input/multiple‐output applications
Authors: Ojaroudi Nasser , Ghadimi Nuraddin , Mehranpour Mehdi , Ojaroudi Yasser , Ojaroudi Sajjad 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTIn this manuscript, a new design of microstrip‐fed monopole antenna with meander‐line strips for wireless local area network (WLAN) and world‐wide interoperability microwave access (WiMAX) systems is proposed. The operating frequencies of the proposed antenna are 2.4/3.5/5.5 GHz, which covers the WLAN and WiMAX bands. The measured results of the proposed antenna show that the impedance bandwidths are from 2.01 to 2.67 GHz, 3.25 to 3.75 GHz, and 5 to 6 GHz. The presented antenna has a small size of 12 × 18 mm2. Various configurations of array of this antenna for multiple input‐multiple output (MIMO) application are also studied. It shows that the features of low profile, good return loss, and small mutual coupling are promising for MIMO applications. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2667–2671, 2014
A powerful method based on artificial bee colony algorithm for translational motion compensation of ISAR image
Authors: Ustun Deniz , Ozdemir Caner , Akdagli Ali , Toktas Abdurrahim , Berkan Bicer Mustafa 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTInverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging is an efficient technique to generate two‐dimensional spatial distributions of radar cross‐section of a target. The received signal of ISAR contains interphase errors resulting in blurring problem in the images due to motion effects of the target. In this study, a simple, stable, and robust method based on artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm has been proposed for motion compensation (MoComp) to overcome the blurring problem in ISAR images. The minimum entropy was used as objective function in the ABC algorithm for optimally determining the parameters of velocity and acceleration. The proposed method was implemented to four different scenarios based on the two air target models to show performance of the ABC algorithm. The radar signal of the target without MoComp was given as inputs to the ABC algorithm to determine velocity and acceleration values so as to provide the clearest ISAR image. The proposed method was compared with a suggestion reported elsewhere using particle swarm optimization (PSO), PSO with island model, genetic algorithm. It is pointed out that the proposed method is more successful, stable and efficient in terms of the image quality, entropy values, and standard deviation. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2691–2698, 2014
Three‐dimensional subwavelength confinement of a photonic nanojet using a plasmonic nanoantenna GAP
Authors: Hasan Mehdi , Simpson Jamesina J. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTUsing 3D finite‐difference time‐domain modeling, a microsphere‐generating nanojet and gold nanoantenna gap are optimized to achieve 3D nanojet confinement to a subwavelength volume of about 0.009 µm3 (wherein the edges of the volume are defined at 1/e2 of the maximum electric‐field intensity) for an incident wavelength of 633 nm. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2700–2706, 2014
Synthesis of matching networks for microwave active circuits based on genetic algorithm
Authors: Babak Leonid I. , Vjushkov Vladislav A. , Dorofeev Sergey Y. , Kalentyev Alexey A. , Garays Dmitry V. , Goryainov Alexandr E. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTA new genetic algorithm‐based technique for the synthesis of broadband matching and compensation networks used in microwave active circuits is presented. It allows the complete control over network configurations and element values leading to convenient practical solutions. The technique is implemented in the software tool GENESYN. As an example, the design of interstage network that compensates the transistors' gain slope and simultaneously provides DC bias in 4–6 GHz two‐stage FET amplifier is demonstrated. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2719–2722, 2014
Radiation beam pattern synthesis for coherent MIMO radar antenna arrays
Authors: Deng Hai , Geng Zhe , Himed Braham 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTAn innovative optimum waveform design approach is introduced for synthesizing the radiation beam pattern of coherent multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) radar to minimize the interference between the radar and other radio systems operating at the same frequency without degrading radar target detection performance. The proposed antenna array waveform design approach allows both amplitudes and phases to be optimized to synthesize the best radiation beam patterns. Given the designed waveforms for coherent MIMO radar, a virtual beamforming filter is used for virtual transmit–receive beam refocusing processing to achieve the maximum target processing gain. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2740–2745, 2014
Erratum for: A low phase noise LC‐VCO for phase‐locked frequency synthesizers
Authors: Wang Hao X. , Zhang Wei , Liu Yan Y. , Zhang Liang 
Published: August 2014

AbstractOriginally published Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1486–1492, 2014. The first author and the corresponding author's names are wrongly printed. And the third affiliation is not accurate. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2748, 2014
Erratum for: Single‐layer polarization‐switchable frequency‐band‐fixed microstrip antenna using a single‐switch
Authors: Oh Soon‐Soo , Park Wook‐Ki , Ahn Chi‐Hyung , Shafai Lotfollah 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTA single‐layer polarization‐switchable frequency‐bandfixed microstrip square‐ring antenna was developed. The copolar plane of the radiation pattern was reconfigured with a single‐switch, but the resonant frequencies were identical. A microstrip square‐ring antenna was adopted, and the lateral and vertical widths of the microstrip ring were tuned to agree the resonant frequencies of the unloaded or loaded antenna. A single‐layer dielectric substrate was used instead of a latest three‐layer configuration. Antenna impedance was optimized to a value between those of the loaded and unloaded antennas. The proposed antenna exhibited single‐switch polarization–reconfiguration on a single‐layer substrate, and could thus be used in mobile communications and microwave imaging systems. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1874–1879, 2014
Struggling with scales: revisiting the boundaries of river basin management
Authors: Warner Jeroen F. , Wester Philippus , Hoogesteger Jaime 
Published: August 2014

This article reviews, illustrated by two case studies, how struggles around scales play out in three globally hegemonic trends in river governance: (1) stakeholder participation for (2) integrated water resources management (IWRM), conceived at (3) the watershed or river basin level. This ‘holy trinity’ has found blanket acceptance and support both in top‐down (donors, governments) and bottom‐up [nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)] directions as a way of democratizing water management, rationalizing water resource use, and managing conflict between water users in river basins. The precepts underlying these trends however have largely gone unquestioned, and the basin scale has become ‘naturalized’. This continuing hegemonic frame tends to obfuscate how boundaries are often manipulated for political ends and how different stakeholders frame the ‘natural’ scale in quite different ways. In this article we notably question the way boundaries get drawn and scales framed in light of water infrastructure, such as dams, canals, locks, and pipelines, which not only act as ‘pipelines of power’ but also seemingly impose management scale, ‘naturalizing’ water management in a different, semi‐deterministic way. Rather than providing a full‐fledged literature review, we build our argument drawing from cases from Ecuador and Turkey, each in its own way showing that depoliticizing discourse hides a political reality that may be better captured by ‘polycentricity’. WIREs Water 2014, 1:469–481. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1035This article is categorized under:

Human Water > Water Governance
Dietary management in glycogen storage disease type III: what is the evidence?
Authors: Derks Terry G. J. , Smit G. Peter A. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn childhood, GSD type III causes relatively severe fasting intolerance, classically associated with ketotic hypoglycaemia. During follow up, history of (documented) hypoglycaemia, clinical parameters (growth, liver size, motor development, neuromuscular parameters), laboratory parameters (glucose, lactate, ALAT, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatine kinase and ketones) and cardiac parameters all need to be integrated in order to titrate dietary management, for which age‐dependent requirements need to be taken into account. Evidence from case studies and small cohort studies in both children and adults with GSD III demonstrate that prevention of hypoglycaemia and maintenance of euglycemia is not sufficient to prevent complications. Moreover, over‐treatment with carbohydrates may even be harmful. The ageing cohort of GSD III patients, including the non‐traditional clinical presentations in adulthood, raises ‬‬‬new questions.
Objective QbTest and subjective evaluation of stimulant treatment in adult attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Bijlenga D. , Jasperse M. , Gehlhaar S.K. , Sandra Kooij J.J. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose:To evaluate the QbTest as an objective measure versus self-reported ADHD Rating Scale (ADHD-RS) before and during stimulant treatment in adults with ADHD.Patients and methods:We used the subjective ADHD Rating Scale (ADHD-RS), and the objective computerized QbTest, which is a 20-minute unconditional identical pairs test that measures attention, impulsivity, and also hyperactivity using a motion-tracking system. Patients were assessed before (baseline) and during medical treatment with stimulants (follow-up) in an observational study design.Results:Data of n = 145 patients at baseline and n = 82 patients at follow-up were analyzed. There were significant symptom reductions on all symptom domains, but correlations between the tests were weak. Improvement on the QbTest was independent of the patient's age, gender, educational level, ADHD subtype, co-morbid disorders, and use of other medications. Patients with worst QbTest results at baseline showed most improvement at follow-up. The QbTest was more sensitive to medication effects than the ADHD-RS. QbTest objectified clinical significant medication effect in 54% of patients who subjectively did not report any clinical effects.Discussion:Symptoms dimensions of objective and subjective tests refer to different psychological constructs.Conclusion:The QbTest is a valuable addition to existing subjective measures to assess medication effects in ADHD patients who have difficulties reporting treatment effects.
Longitudinal relationship between expressed emotion and cannabis misuse in young people with first-episode psychosis
Authors: González-Blanch C. , Gleeson J.F. , Cotton S.M. , Crisp K. , McGorry P.D. , Alvarez-Jimenez M. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractCarers’ expressed emotion (EE) and patients’ cannabis misuse are two of the most robust predictors of psychotic relapse. We aimed to examine the temporal relationship between EE and cannabis misuse. Sixty-three key carers of young people with first-episode psychosis (FEP) were assessed at baseline and 7-month follow-up. EE was measured in carers using the Family Questionnaire (FQ) and cannabis misuse in patients using the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). Correlational and hierarchical logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the temporal relationship between EE components (i.e. criticism and emotional over involvement) and cannabis misuse. Carers’ criticism at baseline significantly predicted cannabis misuse according to the ASSIST at 7-month follow-up. The association remained significant after controlling for baseline symptom severity and social functioning (B = 0.15, P = .02). Conversely, baseline cannabis misuse was not associated with carers’ criticism at 7-month follow-up. Patients in families with high criticism showed a tendency to increase cannabis misuse over time whereas the opposite trend was observed in those with carers with low criticism. A family environment characterized by high criticism may become a key risk factor for worsening cannabis misuse over time in young people with FEP. Further studies should investigate the potential mechanisms (e.g., patient's anxiety or perceived stress) through which criticism increases cannabis misuse in FEP.
Transecting versus avoiding incision of the anterior placenta previa during cesarean delivery
Authors: Verspyck Eric , Douysset Xavier , Roman Horace , Marret Stephane , Marpeau Loïc 
Published: August 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo compare maternal outcomes after transection and after avoiding incision of the anterior placenta previa during cesarean delivery.MethodsIn a retrospective study, records were reviewed for women who had anterior placenta previa and delivered by cesarean after 24 weeks of pregnancy at a tertiary center in Rouen, France. During period A (January 2000 to December 2006), the protocol was to systematically transect the placenta when it was unavoidable. During period B (January 2007 to December 2010), the technique was to avoid incision by circumventing the placenta and passing a hand around its margin. Logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors associated with maternal transfusion of packed red blood cells.ResultsEighty‐four women were included (period A: n = 43; period B: n = 41). During period B, there was a reduction in frequency of intraoperative hemorrhage (> 1000 mL) (P = 0.02), intraoperative hemoglobin loss (P = 0.005), and frequency of blood transfusion (P = 0.02) as compared with period A. In multivariable analysis, period B was associated with a reduced risk of maternal transfusion (odds ratio 0.27; 95% confidence interval 0.09–0.82; P = 0.02).ConclusionAvoiding incision of the anterior placenta previa was found to reduce frequency of maternal blood transfusion during or after cesarean delivery.
Rate of cesarean delivery at hospitals providing emergency obstetric care in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Mohammad T. , Yoshimura Yukie 
Published: August 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the rate of cesarean delivery and its indications at public emergency obstetric care (EmOC) hospitals in a district in Bangladesh.MethodsIn a retrospective, cross‐sectional study, data were extracted from the Safe Motherhood Promotion Project database and operation theater registers for cesarean deliveries at three district and three subdistrict EmOC hospitals in Narsingdi between January 1 and December 31, 2008. Information on cesarean deliveries and their indications, and maternal and neonatal outcomes were analyzed descriptively.ResultsAmong 3329 deliveries, 1075 (32.3%) occurred by cesarean. The frequency of cesarean delivery ranged from 17.8% (147 of 824 deliveries) to 56.3% (174 of 309) among the six hospitals. Information on indications was available for 1043 cesarean deliveries. The main indications were previous cesarean delivery (251 deliveries, 24.1%), fetal distress (228, 21.9%), and prolonged or obstructed labor (214, 20.5%). There were no maternal deaths, but 10 (1.0%) cesarean deliveries resulted in stillbirth.ConclusionThe overall rate of cesarean delivery was high at EmOC hospitals. Interventions to improve decision making and limit possible unnecessary cesarean operations are needed.
Two rare AKAP9 variants are associated with Alzheimer's disease in African Americans
Authors: Logue Mark W. , Schu Matthew , Vardarajan Badri N. , Farrell John , Bennett David A. , Buxbaum Joseph D. , Byrd Goldie S. , Ertekin‐Taner Nilufer , Evans Denis , Foroud Tatiana , Goate Alison , Graff‐Radford Neill R. , Kamboh M. Ilyas , Kukull Walter A. , Manly Jennifer J. ,   Alzheimer Disease Genetics Consortium, Haines Jonathan L. , Mayeux Richard , Pericak‐Vance Margaret A. , Schellenberg Gerard D. , Lunetta Kathryn L. , Baldwin Clinton T. , Fallin M. Daniele , Farrer Lindsay A. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBackgroundLess is known about the genetic basis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in African Americans (AAs) than in non‐Hispanic whites.MethodsWhole exome sequencing (WES) was performed on seven AA AD cases. Disease association with potentially AD‐related variants from WES was assessed in an AA discovery cohort of 422 cases and 394 controls. Replication was sought in an AA sample of 1037 cases and 1869 controls from the Alzheimer Disease Genetics Consortium (ADGC).ResultsForty‐four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from WES passed filtering criteria and were successfully genotyped. Nominally significant (P < .05) association to AD was observed with two African‐descent specific AKAP9 SNPs in tight linkage disequilibrium: rs144662445 (P = .014) and rs149979685 (P = .037). These associations were replicated in the ADGC sample (rs144662445: P = .0022, odds ratio [OR] = 2.75; rs149979685: P = .0022, OR = 3.61).ConclusionsBecause AKAP9 was not previously linked to AD risk, this study indicates a potential new disease mechanism.
Is it a typical crosstalk: Need for re‐implantation?
Authors: Kaya Zeynettin , Akbuga Kursat , Aribas Alpay , Can Ilknur 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWith constantly evolving technology and an ever‐increasing number of patients with pacemakers, clinicians will encounter various pacemaker malfunctions in their practice. While some of these issues can be solved even by using only the pacemaker's mode settings, others require re‐intervention; neglecting a pacemaker's malfunction without full investigation threatens the patient's life. In this report, we describe a patient with a dual‐chamber pacemaker with neglected or unresolved dyssynchronization that occurred 2 years after implantation.