bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rethinking news trust in post-truth Turkey: Immediacy as the imagined affordance of television and search engines
Authors: Koçer Suncem , Özkan Nazlı 
Published: August 2024

In today’s post-truth world, news users grapple with the tension between growing distrust in news institutions and the need for “true” information. Based on a mixed-methods study conducted in Turkey, this paper examines strategies developed by news users to establish trust in media tools in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and populist polarization. We first collected data with a nationally representative survey ( N = 1089). Then, 30 media users filled out media diaries for 1 week. We interviewed diary participants at the end of the week. We also conducted a four-week-long participant observation in three locations. Based on this data, we argue that users build trust in news stories by attributing a sense of immediacy to specific media, namely television and search engines. This immediacy arises from people’s desire to scrutinize the accuracy of news stories in Turkey’s highly polarized media environment. We term this ascribed meaning of transparency the imagined affordance of immediacy, asserting that immediacy is crucial for forming trust in the post-truth era. Contrary to suggestions that news trust is diminishing in the post-truth era, our paper highlights citizens’ creative strategies to reestablish trust in contemporary news media.
High-Frequency rTMS Broadly Ameliorates Working Memory and Cognitive Symptoms in Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Liu Yuanwen , Ai Yinan , Cao Jie , Cheng Qilin , Hu Hongwu , Luo Jing , Zeng Lei , Zhang Shuxian , Fang Jie , Huang Li , Zheng Haiqing , Hu Xiquan 
Published: August 2024

Objective To explore the efficacy and tolerability of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of post-stroke working memory (WM) impairment and its changes in brain function. Methods In the present randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled design, 10 Hz rTMS was administered to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of patients with post-stroke WM impairment for 14 days. Measures included WM (primary outcome), comprehensive neuropsychological tests, and the functional near-infrared spectroscopy test. Patients were assessed at baseline, after the intervention (week 2), and 4 weeks after treatment cessation (week 6). Results Of 123 stroke patients, 82 finished the trial. The rTMS group showed more WM improvement at week 2 ( t = 5.55, P < .001) and week 6 ( t = 2.11, P = .045) than the sham group. Most of the neuropsychological test scores were markedly improved in the rTMS group. In particular, the rTMS group exhibited significantly higher oxygenated hemoglobin content and significantly stronger functional connectivity in the left DLPFC, right pre-motor cortex (PMC), and right superior parietal lobule (SPL) at weeks 2 and 6. Dropout rates were equal (18% [9/50 cases] in each group), and headaches were the most common side effect (rTMS: 36% [18/50 cases]; sham: 30% [15/50 cases]). Conclusions High-frequency rTMS was effective in improving post-stroke WM impairment, with good tolerability, and the efficacy lasted up to 4 weeks, which may be due to the activation of the left DLPFC, right PMC, and right SPL brain regions and their synergistic enhancement of neural remodeling.
The impact of early perioperative heparin-free anticoagulation for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation on bleeding and thrombotic events in lung transplantation: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Qi Zhijiang , Gu Sichao , Yu Xin , Zhang Zeyu , Cui Xiaoyang , Li Changlong , Li Min , Zhan Qingyuan 
Published: August 2024

Background: Perioperative heparin-free anticoagulation extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for lung transplantation is rarely reported. Objective: To evaluate the impact of a heparin-free strategy on bleeding and thrombotic events, blood transfusion, and coagulation function during the early perioperative period and on prognosis, and to observe its effect on different ECMO types. Design: A retrospective cohort study. Methods: Data were collected from 324 lung transplantation patients undergoing early perioperative heparin-free ECMO between August 2017 and July 2022. Clinical data including perioperative bleeding and thrombotic events, blood product transfusion, coagulation indicators and 1-year survival were analysed. Results: Patients were divided in venovenous (VV; n = 251), venoarterial (VA; n = 40) and venovenous-arterial (VV-A; n = 33) groups. The VV group had the lowest intraoperative bleeding and thoracic drainage within 24 h postoperatively. Vein thrombosis occurred in 30.2% of patients within 10 days postoperatively or 1 week after ECMO withdrawal, and no significant difference was found among the three groups. Double lung transplantation, increased intraoperative bleeding, and increased postoperative drainage were associated with vein thrombosis. Except for acute myocardial infarction in one patient, no other serious thrombotic events occurred. The VV-ECMO group had the lowest demand for blood transfusion. The highest prothrombin time and the lowest fibrinogen levels were observed in the VA group during ECMO run, while the highest platelet counts were found in the VV group. Both intraoperative bleeding and thoracic drainage within 24 h postoperatively were independent predictors for 1-year survival, and no thrombosis-related deaths occurred. Conclusion: Short-term heparin-free anticoagulation, particularly VV-ECMO, did not result in serious thrombotic events or thrombosis-related deaths, indicating that it is a safe and feasible strategy for perioperative ECMO in lung transplantation.
Comparison of ureteoroscopy and laser stone fragmentation between Holmium: YAG laser with MOSES versus non-MOSES technology: a prospective single-center propensity score-matched analysis using similar laser settings
Authors: Jahrreiss Victoria , Ripa Francesco , Cerrato Clara , Nedbal Carlotta , Pietropaolo Amelia , Somani Bhaskar 
Published: August 2024

Background: In vitro studies have shown that the holmium Modulated Optics Enhancement Systems (MOSES) technology can lead to an increase in the efficacy of lithotripsy and a reduction of retropulsion, but clinical evidence comparing it to non-MOSES technology is still scarce. We did a comparison of ureteoroscopy and laser stone fragmentation (URSL) between Holmium:YAG laser with MOSES versus non-MOSES technologies. Methods: Patient data and outcomes were prospectively collected and analyzed regarding patient demographics, stone parameters, and clinical outcomes. Patients undergoing URSL with standard holmium laser without MOSES technology (Group 1) were compared to holmium laser with MOSES (Group 2) using the same clinical laser settings (0.4–1 J, 20–40 Hz) with dusting and pop-dusting technique. The independent t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, and Chi-squared test were used, with a p-value of < 0.05 as significant. Given the different sizes of the cohorts, we performed a propensity score 1:1 matched analysis. Results: A total of 206 patients (1:1 matched) with a male:female ratio of 94:112 and a median age of 56 (range: 39–68) years were analyzed. Groups 1 and 2 were matched for ureteric stones (27.7% and 22.3%, p = 0.42), pre-stenting (37% and 35%, p = 0.66), the mean number of stones (1.76 ± 1.3) and (1.82 ± 1.4, p = 0.73), and ureteral access sheath use (37% and 35%, p = 0.77) respectively. While there was no significant statistical difference in clinical outcomes, the stone size was slightly larger in Group 2, 14.8 ± 10.8 mm vs 11.7 ± 8.0 mm, for a lower operative time 42.7 ± 30.6 min versus 48.5 ± 25 min, lower perioperative complication rates 3.9% versus 4.9% and a higher stone-free rate 90.3% versus 87.4%. Conclusion: While the use of MOSES technology was slightly beneficial for the treatment of stones in terms of clinical outcomes, this was not statistically significant. As this debate continues, there is a need for high-quality randomized studies to show if there is a true difference in these outcomes.
Machine learning-based prognostic model for in-hospital mortality of aortic dissection: Insights from an intensive care medicine perspective
Authors: Lei Jiahao , Zhang Zhuojing , Li Yixuan , Wu Zhaoyu , Pu Hongji , Xu Zhijue , Yang Xinrui , Hu Jiateng , Liu Guang , Qiu Peng , Chen Tao , Lu Xinwu 
Published: August 2024

Objective Aortic dissection (AD) is a severe emergency with high morbidity and mortality, necessitating strict monitoring and management. This retrospective study aimed to identify prognostic factors and establish predictive models for in-hospital mortality among AD patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods We retrieved ICU admission records of AD patients from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV critical care data set and the eICU Collaborative Research Database. Functional data analysis was further applied to estimate continuous vital sign processes, and variables associated with in-hospital mortality were identified through univariate analyses. Subsequently, we employed multivariable logistic regression and machine learning techniques, including simple decision tree, random forest (RF), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) to develop prognostic models for in-hospital mortality. Results Given 643 ICU admissions from MIMIC-IV and 501 admissions from eICU, 29 and 28 prognostic factors were identified from each database through univariate analyses, respectively. For prognostic model construction, 507 MIMIC-IV admissions were divided into 406 (80%) for training and 101 (20%) for internal validation, and 87 eICU admissions were included as an external validation group. Of the four models tested, the RF consistently exhibited the best performance among different variable subsets, boasting area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.870 and 0.850. The models highlighted the mean 24-h fluid intake as the most potent prognostic factor. Conclusions The current prognostic models effectively forecasted in-hospital mortality among AD patients, and they pinpointed noteworthy prognostic factors, including initial blood pressure upon ICU admission and mean 24-h fluid intake.
Clinical Outcomes Affecting Return to Play Following Latarjet Procedure in Young Contact and Limited Contact Athletes
Authors: Sridharan Mathangi , Patel Akshar , Katayama Erryk , Swinehart Dane , Rauck Ryan C. , Cvetanovich Gregory L. , Bishop Julie Y. 
Published: August 2024

Background: Several studies have examined return to play (RTP) and outcomes following the Latarjet procedure in contact athletes. Purpose: To investigate clinical outcomes affecting RTP following the Latarjet procedure in contact athletes. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A total of 67 contact athletes (72 shoulders) ≤35 years old who underwent Latarjet procedure for recurrent shoulder instability between January 1, 2018, and March 31, 2022, were retrospectively identified. Demographic information, medical history, surgical history, number of dislocations before surgery, and postoperative complications up to 6 months after surgery were reviewed. Outcomes evaluated included RTP, competition level, satisfaction, and patient-reported outcomes including visual analog scale for pain, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) Score, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) scores. Results: There were a total of 67 patients (72 shoulders) included in the study with a mean age at surgery of 19.7 years for all shoulders. Of the total cohort, 46 patients (50 shoulders; [69.4%]) were available for follow-up by phone. Of the 46 patients contacted by phone, 22/46 were football players; 30/50 [60.0% of all shoulders]) were contact athletes and 19/46 [41.3%] limited contact athletes) were interviewed with a mean follow-up of 25.5 months (range, 10-49 months). Of 72 patients, 22 (30.6% of shoulders and 32.8% of patients) patients had prior shoulder surgery, most commonly arthroscopic stabilization. Only 1 patient experienced hardware failure, but this did not require reoperation. Sixteen of 46 (35%) athletes competed at the collegiate level, and 24/46 (52%) were high school athletes at the time of surgery; 34 of 46 patients (74%) returned to play, of which 30 of the 34 (88%) returned to playing at the same competition level; 15 of 22 (68%) football players returned to play. Only 4 of 51 (8%) reported subjective recurrent instability. Postoperative mean ASES score was 92.2, DASH score was 5.6, and visual analog scale for pain score was 4 (range, 0-50). A total of 43 of 46 (93%) patients reported improvement in quality of life after undergoing the Latarjet procedure for shoulder instability. Eight of 72 (11.1%) shoulders had unresolved pain or stiffness 6 months postoperatively, and 2 of 72 (2.8%) required revisions. Conclusion: Patient RTP, outcomes, and satisfaction were high following the Latarjet procedure in young contact athletes.
Evaluation of effectiveness resistance genes in wheat genotypes using marker-assisted selection for stripe rust resistance breeding”
Authors: Shahin Atef A. , Omara Reda I. , Omar Hend A. , El-Din Heba Saad , Sehsah Mohamed D. , Essa Tarek , Zayton Marwa A. , Omar Hanaa S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractStripe rust, induced by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is the most harmful and prevalent disease in temperate regions worldwide, affecting wheat production areas globally. An effective strategy for controlling the disease involves enhancing genetic resistance against stripe rust, achieved through Egyptian breeding efforts not previously conducted on wheat genotypes. The resistance level to stripe rust in thirty-eight wheat genotypes was assessed using marker-assisted selection methods. The investigation suggests that wheat breeding programs can utilize slow-rusting Yr genes, which are effective resistance genes, to develop novel genotypes with stripe rust resistance through marker-assisted breeding. Based on the four disease responses of the wheat genotypes under investigation, the results categorized the genotypes into three groups. The first group included resistant genotypes, the second group exhibited a slow-rusting character with the lowest disease symptom rates, and the last group displayed the highest disease characteristics rates throughout the three seasons, comprising fast-rusting genotypes. The rust-resistant genes identified were Yr5, Yr9, Yr10, Yr15, Yr17, Yr18, Yr26, Yr29, Yr30, and Yr36. Genes Yr26, Yr30, and Yr36 were present in all genotypes. Genotypes Misr3, Misr4, Giza168, Giza167, Giza170, Giza171, Gemmeiza9, and Gemmeiza10 carried the Yr9 gene. Only one genotype, Sids13, was found to have the Yr17 gene. Genes Yr18 and Yr29 were identified in Sids14, Giza168, Giza170, Gemmeiza9, and Gemmeiza10. However, none of the wheat genotypes showed the presence of Yr5, Yr10, or Yr15. Several backcrossing generations were conducted to introduce the Yr5 and Yr10 genes into susceptible genotypes (Misr1, Misr2, and Gemmeiza11). These genotypes are cultivated globally and are known for producing high-quality flour, making them of great importance to farmers. The study demonstrates significant potential for enhancing wheat genotypes for stripe rust resistance and increased production.
High myoglobin level as an independent risk factor for death in elderly patients with critical COVID-19 infection: a retrospective case-control study
Authors: Sun Xiaoxiao , Zhang Hui , Zhang Meixian , Fei Miaomiao , Xiong Lize , Li Cheng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Aim
This study aimed to discover risk factors for death in patients with critical COVID-19 infection in order to identify patients with a higher risk of death at an early stage.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with critical COVID-19 infection from April 2022 to June 2022. Data were collected from the electronic medical records. Propensity matching scores were used to reduce the effect of confounding factors, such as patient baseline variables. Independent risk factors affecting patient prognosis were assessed using univariate logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Restricted cubic spline curves were used to assess the relationship between independent and dependent variables.

Results
The data of 132 patients with critical COVID-19 infection were included in the study. Of the 132 patients, 79 survived and 53 died. Among laboratory indicators, patients who died had higher proportions of abnormalities in procalcitonin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine, cardiac troponin I, and myoglobin. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses suggested that abnormal AST (OR = 4.98, P = 0.02), creatinine (OR = 7.93, P = 0.021), and myoglobin (OR = 103.08, P = 0.002) were independent risk factors for death. After correction for AST and creatinine, a linear relationship between myoglobin and risk of death in patients was found using restricted cubic splines.

Conclusion
High myoglobin level is an independent risk factor for death and is therefore a prognostic marker in elderly patients with severe COVID-19 infection.
Patient perspective on the elimination mother-to-child transmission of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B in Bali, Indonesia: a qualitative study
Authors: Armini Luh Nik , Setiawati Elsa Pudji , Arisanti Nita , Hilmanto Dany 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to explore the facilitators and barriers to the elimination of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), syphilis, and hepatitis B transmission based on the perspectives of mothers living with HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B.

Methods
This study employed a descriptive, qualitative design. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with mothers living with HIV, syphilis, and/or hepatitis B virus. A total of 25 participants were included in the study. This study used a triangulation method conducted by members to enhance the validity and dependability of the findings. The study was conducted at referral hospitals and community health centers between September 2022 and February 2023. Data analysis utilized deductive content analysis and categorized themes based on a socio-ecological framework.

Results
The findings revealed facilitators and barriers across five levels of the socio-ecological framework and 21 subcategories. The findings included the following: (1) At the policy level, facilitators were mandatory testing programs, and barriers were separating testing services from antenatal care facilities. (2) At the community level, facilitators included the involvement of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and cross-sector support. Barriers included challenges faced by non-residents and fear of stigma and discrimination. (3) At the healthcare system level, facilitators included tracking and follow-up by midwives, positive relationships with healthcare providers, and satisfaction with healthcare services. Barriers included prolonged waiting times, insufficient information from healthcare providers, and administrative limitations. (4) At the interpersonal level, facilitators included partner and family support, open communication, and absence of stigma. Barriers included the reluctance of sexual partners to undergo screening. (5) At the individual level, facilitators included the desire for a healthy baby, adequate knowledge, self-acceptance, and commitment to a healthy lifestyle; barriers included the lack of administrative discipline.

Conclusion
Mothers living with HIV, syphilis, or hepatitis B require tailored healthcare approaches. Healthcare professionals must understand and meet the needs of mothers within a comprehensive care continuum. The findings of this study advocate for the development and implementation of integrated care models that are responsive to the specific challenges and preferences of affected mothers, aiming to improve health outcomes for both mothers and their children.
Current limitations in predicting mRNA translation with deep learning models
Authors: Schlusser Niels , González Asier , Pandey Muskan , Zavolan Mihaela 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The design of nucleotide sequences with defined properties is a long-standing problem in bioengineering. An important application is protein expression, be it in the context of research or the production of mRNA vaccines. The rate of protein synthesis depends on the 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR) of the mRNAs, and recently, deep learning models were proposed to predict the translation output of mRNAs from the 5′UTR sequence. At the same time, large data sets of endogenous and reporter mRNA translation have become available.

Results
In this study, we use complementary data obtained in two different cell types to assess the accuracy and generality of currently available models for predicting translational output. We find that while performing well on the data sets on which they were trained, deep learning models do not generalize well to other data sets, in particular of endogenous mRNAs, which differ in many properties from reporter constructs.

Conclusions
These differences limit the ability of deep learning models to uncover mechanisms of translation control and to predict the impact of genetic variation. We suggest directions that combine high-throughput measurements and machine learning to unravel mechanisms of translation control and improve construct design.
Confounding giant right atrial mass
Authors: Tatar Sefa , Sahin Ahmet Taha , Işık Mehmet , Görmüş Niyazi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrimary cardiac tumors are uncommon, with approximately 70–80% classified as benign. Myxomas constitute roughly half of all benign cardiac tumors, while cardiac hydatid cysts are exceptionally rare. Shortness of breath is a prominent symptom associated with these conditions. Echocardiography serves as the primary diagnostic tool, enabling early detection. The preferred course of action involves the surgical excision of the mass.Case presentationOur first case, a 51-year-old female presented to the cardiology outpatient clinic with complaints of shortness of breath and palpitations persisting for 3 months. Physical examination and tests were within normal limits. Echocardiography revealed a right atrial myxoma measuring 65 * 35 mm. Despite not affecting valve and ventricular functions, the mass was surgically resected. Our second case, a 55-year-old male admitted to the cardiology clinic with recurrent fever, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Physical examination and tests were normal. Echocardiography revealed an echogenic mass with a septate appearance adhering to the free wall of the right atrium. The patient, diagnosed with a hydatid cyst, underwent surgical resection.ConclusionsWe came across two different cases of RA masses which happened to be myxoma and hydatid cysts, and we managed accordingly. The right atrial myxomas typically present with nonspecific shortness of breath unless they cause valve obstruction. In cases where clinical findings suggest infection in the right atrial masses, it is essential to consider hydatid cyst as a potential diagnosis alongside the initial consideration of vegetation.