bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of and interest in mobile health for diabetes self-care in vulnerable populations
Authors: Humble James R , Tolley Elizabeth A , Krukowski Rebecca A , Womack Catherine R , Motley Todd S , Bailey James E 
Published: May 2015

Objective We aimed to assess use of and interest in mobile health (mHealth) technology and in-person services for diabetes self-care in vulnerable populations. Methods We delivered a self-administered cross-sectional survey. Participants were recruited at two primary care practices (P1 and P2) with P1 located in a medically underserved area and P2 in an affluent suburb. Two-sample t-tests and chi-square tests were used with p < 0.05 significant. In addition, a secondary analysis was performed to analyse differences in use and interest in mHealth by age. Results Of 75 eligible patients, 60 completed the survey (80% response rate). P1 patients had significantly higher interest in three of five categories of in-person diabetes support services, one of four categories of health-related text messages (TM), and three of eight categories of mHealth applications ( p < 0.05). Smartphone users reported higher interest in TM ( p = 0.004) and mHealth applications for diabetes self-care ( p = 0.004). Younger patients were more likely to have a smartphone ( p < 0.006), use the Internet ( p < 0.0012), use smartphone applications ( p < 0.0004), and to be interested in using applications to manage their diabetes ( p < 0.004). Discussion This study shows substantial patient interest in TM and mHealth applications for diabetes self-care and suggests that patients in underserved areas may have particularly high interest in using mHealth solutions in primary care. Younger patients and smartphone users were more likely to be interested in using applications to manage their diabetes. As more patients use smartphones, interest in using mHealth to support patient self-care and strengthen primary care infrastructure will continue to grow.
Consumer preferences for teledermoscopy screening to detect melanoma early
Authors: Spinks Jean , Janda Monika , Soyer H Peter , Whitty Jennifer A 
Published: May 2015

Introduction ‘Store and forward’ teledermoscopy is a technology with potential advantages for melanoma screening. Any large-scale implementation of this technology is dependent on consumer acceptance. Aim To investigate preferences for melanoma screening options compared with skin self-examination in adults considered to be at increased risk of developing skin cancer. Methods A discrete choice experiment was completed by 35 consumers, all of whom had prior experience with the use of teledermoscopy, in Queensland, Australia. Participants made 12 choices between screening alternatives described by seven attributes including monetary cost. A mixed logit model was used to estimate the relative weights that consumers place on different aspects of screening, along with the marginal willingness to pay for teledermoscopy as opposed to screening at a clinic. Results Overall, participants preferred screening/diagnosis by a health professional rather than skin self-examination. Key drivers of screening choice were for results to be reviewed by a dermatologist; a higher detection rate; fewer non-cancerous moles being removed in relation to every skin cancer detected; and less time spent away from usual activities. On average, participants were willing to pay AUD110 to have teledermoscopy with dermatologist review available to them as a screening option. Discussion and conclusions Consumers preferentially value aspects of care that are more feasible with a teledermoscopy screening model, as compared with other skin cancer screening and diagnosis options. This study adds to previous literature in the area which has relied on the use of consumer satisfaction scales to assess the acceptability of teledermoscopy.
A cost comparison of travel models and behavioural telemedicine for rural, Native American populations in New Mexico
Authors: Horn Brady P , Barragan Gary N , Fore Chis , Bonham Caroline A 
Published: May 2015

Objective The purpose of this study was to model the cost of delivering behavioural health services to rural Native American populations using telecommunications and compare these costs with the travel costs associated with providing equivalent care. Methods Behavioural telehealth costs were modelled using equipment, transmission, administrative and IT costs from an established telecommunications centre. Two types of travel models were estimated: a patient travel model and a physician travel model. These costs were modelled using the New Mexico resource geographic information system program (RGIS) and ArcGIS software and unit costs (e.g. fuel prices, vehicle depreciation, lodging, physician wages, and patient wages) that were obtained from the literature and US government agencies. Results The average per-patient cost of providing behavioural healthcare via telehealth was US$138.34, and the average per-patient travel cost was US$169.76 for physicians and US$333.52 for patients. Sensitivity analysis found these results to be rather robust to changes in imputed parameters and preliminary evidence of economies of scale was found. Conclusion Besides the obvious benefits of increased access to healthcare and reduced health disparities, providing behavioural telehealth for rural Native American populations was estimated to be less costly than modelled equivalent care provided by travelling. Additionally, as administrative and coordination costs are a major component of telehealth costs, as programmes grow to serve more patients, the relative costs of these initial infrastructure as well as overall per-patient costs should decrease.
The effectiveness of telephone counselling in the treatment of illicit drug and alcohol use concerns
Authors: Gates Peter , Albertella Lucy 
Published: May 2015

Introduction Technology-assisted substance use interventions such as ‘high-tech’ internet-based treatments are thought to be effective; however, the relatively ‘low-tech’ use of telephone counselling does not yet have an established evidence base. This paper reviews the literature including articles with information on the use of telephone counselling for the treatment of illicit drug or alcohol use. Methods A systematic literature search using a set of telephone counselling and substance-related terms was conducted across four electronic databases. English studies prior to June 2014 that involved the use of telephone counselling with the treatment of illicit drug or alcohol use as a primary or secondary outcome were included. Review papers, opinion pieces, letters or editorials, case studies, published abstracts, and posters were excluded. In all, 94 publications were included in the review. Results and discussion The literature was supportive of telephone counselling for the treatment of alcohol use in the short term; however, literature regarding illicit drug use was particularly scarce. The generalisability of findings was limited by evident methodological issues in the included studies.
A comparative study on the effectiveness of one-way printed communication versus videophone interactive interviews on health promotion
Authors: Homma Satoki , Imamura Haruhiko , Nakamura Toru , Fujimura Kaori , Ito Yoshihiro , Maeda Yuji , Kaneko Ikuyo 
Published: May 2015

Introduction We performed a comparative study of a health education programme that was delivered either through one-way communication with printed media, or through interactive videophone interviews. We aimed to ascertain which mode of counselling, when used in combination with telemonitoring, is more effective at lifestyle modification intended to improve health status. Methods Participants, who were residents of Kurihara city in Miyagi prefecture, Japan, were randomized into two groups: one group received individualized monthly documented reports ( n = 33; 22 females; average age: 67.2 years), and the other received interactive videophone communication ( n = 35; 22 females; average age: 65.1 years) for three months. Telemonitoring was conducted on both groups, using a pedometer, weighing scale and a sphygmomanometer. Pre- and post-intervention, anthropometric measurements and blood tests were performed; the participants also completed self-administered questionnaires. Results and discussion The two groups showed similar degrees of health status improvement and satisfaction levels. However, the participants in the videophone group were more aware of improvements in their lifestyles than were the participants in the document group. The individualized printed communication programme was less time-consuming compared to videophone communication. Further studies are needed to formulate a balanced protocol for a counselling-cum-telemonitoring programme that provides optimal health improvement and cost performance with the available human resources.
Speed and accuracy of text-messaging emergency department electrocardiograms from a small community hospital to a provincial referral center
Authors: Scheuermeyer Frank Xavier , Grunau Brian E , Findlay Timothy , Grafstein Eric , Christenson Jim , Lang Eddy , Rowe Brian , Ho Kendall 
Published: May 2015

Background Currently, transmission of electrocardiograms (EKGs) from a small emergency department (ED) to specialists at referral hospitals can be a time-consuming and laborious process. We investigate whether text messaging by use of short message service (SMS) of EKGs from a small hospital to consultants at a large hospital is rapid and accurate. Methods This study involved a one-month prospective evaluation of consecutive EKGs recorded in a small community ED. Investigators obtained de-identified photographs of each EKG via a mobile phone camera. Each EKG picture, along with a brief patient clinical history, was sent via SMS to on-call emergency physicians located at a large referral care site. All images were evaluated solely on a mobile phone. The primary outcome was the proportion of SMS that were received within two minutes of being sent. As a secondary outcome, the intra-rater evaluation of the initial EKG and the SMS EKG image were compared on 13 standardized features. The tertiary outcome was cost of text messaging. Results A total of 298 patients (14.6%) had 409 EKGs performed and a total of 926 SMS were sent. 921 SMS (99.5%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 98.7–99.8%) arrived within two minutes with a median transmission time of nine seconds (interquartile range (IQR) 3–32 s). Between the gold standard original EKG, and the interpretation of the texted image, six out of 409 (1.5%, 95% CI 0.6–3.3%) had any differences recorded, across all 13 categories. Overall, the study cost 4.1 cents per texted image. Conclusions Systematic text messaging of ED EKGs from a small community hospital to a referral center is a rapid, accurate, portable, and inexpensive method of data transfer. This may be a safe and effective strategy to communicate vital patient information.
Cognate identification methods: Impacts on the cognate advantage in adult and child Spanish-English bilinguals
Authors: Potapova Irina , Blumenfeld Henrike K , Pruitt-Lord Sonja 
Published: May 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether four different cognate identification methods resulted in notably different classifications of cognate status for Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Third Edition (PPVT-III) test items and to investigate whether differences across criteria would impact findings of cognate effects in adult and preschool-aged Spanish-English bilingual speakers. Methodology: We compared four cognate identification methods: an objective criterion based on phonological overlap; two subjective criteria based on a translation elicitation task; and a hybrid criterion integrating objective and subjective standards. We then used each criterion to investigate cognate effects on the PPVT-III in 26 adult and 73 child Spanish-English bilinguals. Data and analysis: The test items identified as cognates by each criterion were compared (Experiment 1). Then, cognate advantage magnitudes, cognate accuracy rates, non-cognate accuracy rates, and number of individuals demonstrating the cognate advantage were investigated in both adult (Experiment 2) and child bilinguals (Experiment 3). Conclusions: Objective and subjective cognate identification methods were found to select notably different subsets of test items as cognates. Further, the methods led to differences in cognate effects, as well as in cognate and non-cognate accuracy rates, for both child and adult bilinguals. Originality: Although the cognate advantage has been widely studied in adult bilinguals, research on the cognate advantage in child bilinguals is limited and methods of identifying cognates are inconsistent across studies. The present study provides information about cognate effects in a young population and is the first comparison of objective and subjective approaches to cognate identification. Implications: This study extends previous work on cognate word processing in both child and adult bilinguals. Further, results offer an evaluation of methodologies that are critical for investigating the cognate advantage. This both facilitates interpretation of previous findings and can be used to guide methodological decisions in future research.
Using Creative Techniques in Leadership Learning and Development
Authors: Edwards Gareth , Elliott Carole , Iszatt-White Marian , Schedlitzki Doris 
Published: May 2015

The Problem Leadership development programs have become prolific in organizations in both the public and private sectors, with new initiatives endlessly being developed. Empirical and conceptual work that challenges some of the mainstream approaches to leadership learning and development has led to initiatives increasingly becoming complex in nature and to the use of innovative and unusual approaches. There is limited knowledge, however, regarding the impact of such techniques. The Solution This issue focuses on some core themes around enabling and enacting leadership development in organizations through creative techniques using art, poetry, symbolism, theater, drama, and film, and is rooted in experiences of delivering such interventions in a range of countries, sectors, and professions. Each article explores how these techniques can be translated into practice across a wide of variety leadership learning and development contexts and is rooted in the contemporary and critical leadership literature. The Stakeholders Human resource development professionals seeking to identify key considerations in selecting creative techniques for effective leadership learning and development interventions, and academics advising on such selections and teaching leadership themselves, will be interested in these articles, which will also set the basis for further empirical research and theoretical reflection on the topic.
The Dark Side
Authors: Armitage Andrew 
Published: May 2015

The Problem Morgan explored in her book What Poetry Brings to Business the deep but unexpected connections between business and poetry. She demonstrated how the creative energy, emotional power, and communicative complexity of poetry relate directly to the practical needs for innovation and problem solving that face business managers, and how poetry can unpack complexity, together with the ability to empathize with, and better understand the thoughts and feelings of others. This, it can be argued, not only aids the creative process of individuals, but it can also help facilitate the entrepreneurial culture of an organization, develop imaginative solutions, and help better understand chaotic environments. However, despite Morgan’s welcomed addition, it still remains that there is still a dearth of literature of the use of poetry concerning toxic leadership practices. The Solution According to Roebuck, reflexive practice can be described as a process of inquiry that facilities appreciation and understanding of contextualized views, deeper learning experiences, the development of ideas, and the conditions for actual change. Therefore, if organizations are not to objectify the creativity of those who aspire to be organizational leaders, then leadership development programs have to give voice to those who own organizational problems and their solution. Examples of organizational poetry will be presented to show how it can be used to unlock personal experiences and relationships within the context of working life. It will be argued that if stories are to represent reality as lived by those who report them, then poetry provides an alternative method of enquiry to inform contemporary leadership practices. The Stakeholders Poetry empowers individuals to internalize stories that carefully attend to context and settings to offer fresh perspectives on established truths, thus providing a way to explore hidden worlds that might often go unsaid in the milieu of normal conversation. As such, this article is aimed at those who need to develop an alternative paradigm for leadership and Human Resource Development (HRD) educational programs and want to adopt a more open dialogical approach to human relations within classroom settings and practice.
Aftercare Services for Child Victims of Sex Trafficking
Authors: Muraya Dorothy Neriah , Fry Deborah 
Published: May 2015

Objective: To explore aftercare services provided to child victims of sex trafficking globally based on the results of a systematic review of published and unpublished research, organizational policy, and current practice. This systematic review serves as a first step toward developing best practices for aftercare service providers. Method: A systematic search was conducted of four English language databases, two human trafficking resource libraries, and one Internet search engine for journal articles and “grey” literature published between January 2000 and May 2013 on the services offered to child sex trafficking victims globally. The search yielded 15 documents for inclusion in the review. Results: The 15 documents emphasized the need for aftercare service provision to be founded on children’s rights and trauma-informed service provision. They recommended delivery practices such as case management and multidisciplinary, multiagency and multinational coordination to ensure the child victims benefit fully from the services. The systematic review revealed that there are three phases to aftercare service provision: rescue, recover, and reintegration. Each of these phases is characterized by different needs and types of services provided. The recovery phase received the most attention compared to recovery and reintegration phases. Conclusion: The literature highlighted that aftercare service provision for child sex trafficking victims is a new area that needs an evidence base from which policy and practice can be formed. There is great need for further research and better documentation of service provision. While this research provides insight into this area, the gap in literature remains wide. The area of aftercare service provision for children who have been trafficked has experienced phenomenal growth within the last 10 years, and with more research and resources being directed to the area, the achievement of international minimum standards of care provision is possible.
Measures of follow-up in time-to-event studies: Why provide them and what should they be?
Authors: Betensky Rebecca A 
Published: May 2015

Background/Aims: There is some consensus among authors of reports of clinical studies that a measure of follow-up time is informative for the interpretation of the Kaplan–Meier estimate of the survivor function of the event time of interest. Previous authors have suggested that length of follow-up is important to report because the findings of a study should be extracted from the time frame in which most of the subjects have had the event or have remained under observation. This time frame is where the Kaplan–Meier estimate is most stable. This concept of stability is relative to the potential maximum information about the event time distribution contained in the sample; it is not relative to the true, population survivor function. A measure of stability is useful for the interpretation of an interim analysis in which an immature survivor function is presented. Our interest in this article lies in characterizing the unobserved, complete follow-up Kaplan–Meier estimate based on the observed, partial follow-up estimate. Our focus is not on characterizing the true event time distribution relative to its estimate. The concept of stability has not been well-defined in the literature, which has led to inconsistency and lack of transparency across trials in their attempts to capture it through a variety of measures of follow-up. Methods: We report the results of a survey of recent literature on cancer clinical trials and summarize whether follow-up is reported and if so, whether it is well-defined. We define commonly used measures of follow-up in clinical studies. Results: We explain how each measure should be assessed to evaluate the stability of the Kaplan–Meier estimate for the event, and we identify relationships among measures. We propose a new measure that better conveys the desired information about the stability of the current Kaplan–Meier estimate relative to one based on complete follow-up. We apply the proposed measure to a meningioma study for illustration. Conclusion: It is useful for reports of clinical studies to supplement Kaplan–Meier estimates with quantitative assessments of the stability of those estimates relative to the potential follow-up of study participants. We justify the use of one commonly used measure, and we propose a new measure that most directly accomplishes this goal.
Triallelic and epigenetic-like inheritance in human disorders of telomerase
Authors: Collopy Laura C. , Walne Amanda J. , Cardoso Shirleny , de la Fuente Josu , Mohamed Mahfuzah , Toriello Helga , Tamary Hannah , Ling Adam J. Y. V. , Lloyd Timothy , Kassam Rebecca , Tummala Hemanth , Vulliamy Thomas J. , Dokal Inderjeet 
Published: May 2015

Key PointsTelomerase variants in patients with bone marrow failure syndromes are difficult to categorize as disease-causing or otherwise. DC can derive from triallelic mutations in 2 telomerase genes and epigenetic-like inheritance of short telomeres.
Fast multi-scale feature fusion for ECG heartbeat classification
Authors: Ai Danni , Yang Jian , Wang Zeyu , Fan Jingfan , Ai Changbin , Wang Yongtian 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is conducted to monitor the electrical activity of the heart by presenting small amplitude and duration signals; as a result, hidden information present in ECG data is difficult to determine. However, this concealed information can be used to detect abnormalities. In our study, a fast feature-fusion method of ECG heartbeat classification based on multi-linear subspace learning is proposed. The method consists of four stages. First, baseline and high frequencies are removed to segment heartbeat. Second, as an extension of wavelets, wavelet-packet decomposition is conducted to extract features. With wavelet-packet decomposition, good time and frequency resolutions can be provided simultaneously. Third, decomposed confidences are arranged as a two-way tensor, in which feature fusion is directly implemented with generalized N dimensional ICA (GND-ICA). In this method, co-relationship among different data information is considered, and disadvantages of dimensionality are prevented; this method can also be used to reduce computing compared with linear subspace-learning methods (PCA). Finally, support vector machine (SVM) is considered as a classifier in heartbeat classification. In this study, ECG records are obtained from the MIT-BIT arrhythmia database. Four main heartbeat classes are used to examine the proposed algorithm. Based on the results of five measurements, sensitivity, positive predictivity, accuracy, average accuracy, and t-test, our conclusion is that a GND-ICA-based strategy can be used to provide enhanced ECG heartbeat classification. Furthermore, large redundant features are eliminated, and classification time is reduced.