bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Musical Robots and the Serbian Kolo: A Narrative Analysis of Ana Sokolović’s Géométrie sentimentale (1997)
Authors: Harman Brian 
Published: March 2013

Composer Ana Sokolović divided her instrumental work Géométrie sentimentale into large sections inspired by pure geometric shapes — Triangle, Cercle and Carré — describing these sections as three contrasting perspectives of the same musical materials. This article uses a narrative analytical approach as a lens through which to understand these distinct sections and the materials populating them. Inspired by Sokolović’s employment of musical objects in her compositions and by the extra-musical concepts inspiring many of her works, this analysis uses a collection of colourful robot toys as metaphors for the work’s materials. Three unique perspectives of these toys are described: in Triangle, the robots interact as characters on a dramatic stage; in Cercle, they peacefully coexist in slow motion; and in Carré new combinations of robot elements are abruptly juxtaposed against each other. The characteristics and interactions between these toys, as well as the various harmonic ‘masks’ that the composer has them wear, are helpful in understanding Sokolović’s harmonic structure, variation/transformation techniques, formal organization and rhythmic characteristics. The Serbian kolo is also shown as influential on the work, relating directly to the physicality and kinetics of the metaphorical robots.
Outcome of Cataract Surgery in Patients with Pseudoexfoliation
Authors: Bangal Surekha , Bhandari Akshay , Gogri Pratik 
Published: March 2013

Purpose:
To study the surgical outcome & the complications encountered during & after cataract surgery in Indian patients with pseudoexfoliation.

Materials & Methods:
In this hospital based retrospective study, 50 patients above 50 years of age having cataract with pseudoexfoliation & having normal Intraocular Pressure (IOP) who underwent extracapsular catract surgery were included. Patients with other associated ocular pathology were excluded. Patients were followed up for various complications up to 30th postoperative day.

Results:
Fifty patients with pseudoexfoliation underwent extra capsular cataract surgery. Problems encountered during surgery were small nondilating pupil (26%), zonular dialysis (2%), posterior capsular rupture (6%), vitreous loss (4%), residual lens matter (10%), iridodialysis (4%) hyphema (2%). Post-operative complications were irregular pupil due to sphincterotomy (8%), significant anterior chamber reaction (30%), and exudative membrane formation (6%), corneal oedema with striate keratopathy (32%), iris pigment dispersion (16%), raised intraocular pressure (6%), posterior synechiae (2%) and intraocular lens decentration (2%).

Conclusion:
Patients with pseudoexfoliation are at increased risk for development of surgical and postsurgical complications. Awareness about complications and ability to manage these complications by experienced surgeon is key to success.
Adaptive control for coupled lagrangian systems with structured uncertainty in the interconnections
Authors: Flores‐Resendiz J. Francisco , Tang Yu 
Published: March 2013

SUMMARYIn this paper, an adaptive control scheme for coupled lagrangian systems is proposed. The interconnection terms among subsystems are assumed to have known structure and depend nonlinearly on uncertain parameters. Also, these coupling functions are restricted to those which are concave or convex with respect to the parameters. Two parameter adaptation laws are used to estimate local and interconnection unknown parameters. Both centralized and decentralized controls are designed. Ultimately bounded tracking with arbitrary precision is achieved regardless of ability to share information among subsystem. A numerical simulation, consisting of two pendulums interconnected by a nonlinear spring, is included to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of Thermally Induced Cyclic γ ↔ ε Transformation on Shape Memory Effect of a Quenched FeMnSiCrNi Alloy
Authors: Yang Qin , Yu Qinxu , Peng Huabei , Wen Yuhua 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe effects of thermally induced cyclic γ ↔ ε transformation on microstructures and shape memory effect (SME) are investigated in a quenched Fe14Mn5.5Si8.0Cr5.0Ni alloy. The results show that the annealing at 773 K remarkably improves the SME in the quenched alloy. One thermal cycling between 290 and 773 K remarkably increases the SME, but the further thermal cycling hardly improves the SME. The reason is that the amount of thermal ε martensite remarkably reduces after annealing at 773 K, but it hardly changes with the further increase of thermal cycling between 290 and 773 K. The pre‐existing thermal ε martensite not only prevents the occurrence of stress‐induced ε martensitic transformation but also promotes the formation of α′ martensite.
Non‐Monogamous Copulations and Potential Within‐Group Mating Competition in White‐Faced Saki Monkeys (Pithecia pithecia)
Authors: THOMPSON CYNTHIA L. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractMany primates display within‐species variation in social organization and mating system. Individuals of these species may be confronted with both the challenges of between‐group competition to exclude same‐sex competitors as well as within‐group competition for mating opportunities. Free‐ranging white‐faced saki monkeys (Pithecia pithecia) live in both male–female pairs and small multi‐male, multi‐female groups. Despite commonly held views that this species is monogamous, there are currently no published accounts of mating patterns in the genusPithecia. I recorded copulations and sexual behavior from three free‐ranging groups of white‐faced sakis at Brownsberg Naturepark, Suriname over a period of 17 months. Groups displayed both monogamous and polygynandrous mating. Individuals in polygynandrous groups were not observed to mate more frequently with certain partners. Copulation harassment occurred in 8.6% of copulations (totalN = 81) and was performed by both sexes. This harassment successfully prevented ejaculation in six out of seven instances and harassment by males resulted in male–male aggression on four occasions. Two cases of female‐directed sexual aggression by males were also observed, which may indicate that males use sexual coercion to influence female mating behavior. Although based on a small number of groups, these data show that white‐faced sakis display variability in mating system and that this variability is not directly dictated by social organization. Furthermore, groups with promiscuous copulations exhibit behaviors indicative of within‐group mating competition. Am. J. Primatol. 75:817–824, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Population structure of short‐finned pilot whales in the oceanic archipelago of Madeira based on photo‐identification and genetic analyses: implications for conservation
Authors: Alves Filipe , Quérouil Sophie , Dinis Ana , Nicolau Cátia , Ribeiro Cláudia , Freitas Luís , Kaufmann Manfred , Fortuna Caterina 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTPilot whalesGlobicephalaspp. are known to display a hierarchical social pattern, but longitudinal data to infer population structure of short‐finned pilot whalesGlobicephala macrorhynchusare rare.Using data collected between 2003‐2011 in the oceanic archipelago of Madeira, the grouping structure of short‐finned pilot whales was studied using photo‐identification methods and mtDNA sequences and microsatellite markers to test the hypotheses that (1) there is at least one pelagic and one or more island‐associated communities, and (2) groups are made of related individuals, with a matrilineal social structure.Pilot whales demonstrated a large degree of variability in site fidelity, including residents (up to 14‐year interval), regular visitors and transients. The social and temporal analyses revealed a well‐differentiated society with long‐lasting relationships (of years). The genetic analyses suggested that individuals of the three residency patterns may not be genetically isolated, and that small groups are made up of related individuals, suggesting some degree of social philopatry, while large groups are probably temporary associations of smaller groups.It is proposed that the pilot whales encountered in Madeira belong to a single population encompassing several clans, possibly three clans of island‐associated whales and others of transients, each containing two to three matrilineal pods, each with a mean of 15 individuals (SD=9, range: 4‐29). We suggest that the clans interact for mating purposes when they meet.For management decisions, it is considered that the island‐associated whales should not be regarded as demographically independent populations, but instead as stable social entities to be included in governmental management plans and requiring periodic evaluation of their status. The high proportion of marked individuals and low rate of mark change encourages further research in this species.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Which Patients Are Most Likely to Benefit From Total Joint Arthroplasty?
Authors: Hawker Gillian A. , Badley Elizabeth M. , Borkhoff Cornelia M. , Croxford Ruth , Davis Aileen M. , Dunn Sheila , Gignac Monique A. , Jaglal Susan B. , Kreder Hans J. , Sale Joanna E. M. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate patient predictors of good outcome following total joint arthroplasty (TJA).MethodsA population cohort with hip/knee arthritis (osteoarthritis [OA] or inflammatory arthritis) ages ≥55 years was recruited between 1996 and 1998 (baseline) and assessed annually for demographics, troublesome joints, health status, and overall hip/knee arthritis severity using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities OA Index (WOMAC). Survey data were linked with administrative databases to identify primary TJAs. Good outcome was defined as an improvement in WOMAC summary score greater than or equal to the minimal important difference (MID; 0.5 SD of the mean change). Logistic regression and Akaike's information criterion were used to determine the optimal number of predictors and the best model of that size. Log Poisson regression was used to determine the relative risk (RR) for a good outcome.ResultsPrimary TJA was performed in 202 patients (mean age 71.0 years; 79.7% female; 82.7% with >1 troublesome hip/knee; 65.8% knee replacements). Mean improvement in WOMAC summary score was 10.2 points (SD 18.05; MID 9 points). Of these patients, 53.5% experienced a good outcome. Four predictors were optimal. The best 4‐variable model included pre‐TJA WOMAC, comorbidity, number of troublesome hips/knees, and arthritis type (C statistic 0.80). The probability of a good outcome was greater with worse (higher) pre‐TJA WOMAC summary scores (adjusted RR 1.32 per 10‐point increase; P < 0.0001), fewer troublesome hips/knees (adjusted RR 0.82 per joint; P = 0.002), OA (adjusted RR for rheumatoid arthritis versus OA 0.33; P = 0.009), and fewer comorbidities (adjusted RR per condition 0.88; P = 0.01).ConclusionIn an OA cohort with a high prevalence of multiple troublesome joints and comorbidity, only half achieved a good TJA outcome, defined as improved pain and disability. A more comprehensive assessment of the benefits and risks of TJA is warranted.
Changes in Lipoproteins Associated With Methotrexate Therapy or Combination Therapy in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results From the Treatment of Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Trial
Authors: Navarro‐Millán Iris , Charles‐Schoeman Christina , Yang Shuo , Bathon Joan M. , Bridges S. Louis , Chen Lang , Cofield Stacey S. , Dell'Italia Louis J. , Moreland Larry W. , O'Dell James R. , Paulus Harold E. , Curtis Jeffrey R. 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveTo study changes in lipid profiles at 24 weeks among patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) participating in the Treatment of Early RA (TEAR) trial and randomized to receive methotrexate (MTX) plus etanercept, triple therapy (MTX plus sulfasalazine plus hydroxychloroquine), or aggressively titrated MTX monotherapy.MethodsThis TEAR substudy included 459 participants with biologic specimens. Serum levels of total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were measured at 0 and 24 weeks.ResultsAt 24 weeks, there were statistically significant increases in mean cholesterol levels in the MTX plus etanercept, triple therapy, and MTX monotherapy arms. The observed increases were 31.4 mg/dl, 28.7 mg/dl, and 30 mg/dl in LDL cholesterol, 19.3 mg/dl, 22.3 mg/dl, and 20.6 mg/dl in HDL cholesterol, and 56.8 mg/dl, 53 mg/dl, and 57.3 mg/dl in total cholesterol (P < 0.0001 versus baseline for each comparison). There was a statistically significant decrease in the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol at 24 weeks in all 3 treatment groups versus baseline. There was no difference in any lipid changes between the 3 treatment arms. After multivariable adjustment, change in C‐reactive protein, but not the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints, was associated with change in LDL cholesterol (P = 0.03) and total cholesterol (P = 0.01). Baseline glucocorticoid use was associated with changes in HDL cholesterol (P = 0.03) and total cholesterol (P = 0.02).ConclusionLevels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol increased comparably shortly after initiation of MTX plus etanercept, triple therapy, and MTX monotherapy among patients with early RA with active disease participating in a clinical trial. The clinical relevance of short‐term changes in traditional lipids on cardiovascular outcomes remains to be determined.
Metabolic Profiling Predicts Response to Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor α Therapy in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Kapoor Sabrina R. , Filer Andrew , Fitzpatrick Martin A. , Fisher Benjamin A. , Taylor Peter C. , Buckley Christopher D. , McInnes Iain B. , Raza Karim , Young Stephen P. 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveAnti–tumor necrosis factor (anti‐TNF) therapies are highly effective in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), but a significant number of patients exhibit only a partial or no therapeutic response. Inflammation alters local and systemic metabolism, and TNF plays a role in this. We undertook this study to determine if the patient's metabolic fingerprint prior to therapy could predict responses to anti‐TNF agents.MethodsUrine was collected from 16 RA patients and 20 PsA patients before and during therapy with infliximab or etanercept. Urine metabolic profiles were assessed using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Discriminating metabolites were identified, and the relationship between metabolic profiles and clinical outcomes was assessed.ResultsBaseline urine metabolic profiles discriminated between RA patients who did or did not have a good response to anti‐TNF therapy according to European League Against Rheumatism criteria, with a sensitivity of 88.9% and a specificity of 85.7%, with several metabolites contributing (in particular histamine, glutamine, xanthurenic acid, and ethanolamine). There was a correlation between baseline metabolic profiles and the magnitude of change in the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints from baseline to 12 months in RA patients (P = 0.04). In both RA and PsA, urinary metabolic profiles changed between baseline and 12 weeks of anti‐TNF therapy. Within the responders, urinary metabolite changes distinguished between etanercept and infliximab treatment.ConclusionThe clear relationship between urine metabolic profiles of RA patients at baseline and their response to anti‐TNF therapy may allow development of novel approaches to the optimization of therapy. Differences in metabolic profiles during treatment with infliximab and etanercept in RA and PsA may reflect distinct mechanisms of action.
Periconceptional maternal alcohol consumption and neural tube defects
Authors: Makelarski Jennifer A. , Romitti Paul A. , Sun Lixian , Burns Trudy L. , Druschel Charlotte M. , Suarez Lucina , Olshan Andrew F. , Siega‐Riz Anna Maria , Olney Richard S. ,   and the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: March 2013

AbstractBACKGROUND: Neural tube defects (NTD)s, which occur when the neural tube fails to close during early gestation, are some of the most common birth defects worldwide. Alcohol is a known teratogen and has been shown to induce NTDs in animal studies, although most human studies have failed to corroborate these results. Using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, associations between maternal reports of periconceptional (1 month prior through 2 months postconception) alcohol consumption and NTDs were examined.METHODS: NTD cases and unaffected live born control infants, delivered from 1997 through 2005, were included. Interview reports of alcohol consumption (quantity, frequency, variability, and type) were obtained from 1223 case mothers and 6807 control mothers. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR)s and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using multivariable logistic regression analysis.RESULTS: For all NTDs combined, most aORs for any alcohol consumption, one or more binge episodes, and different type(s) of alcohol consumed were near unity or modestly reduced (≥0.7<aOR≤1.1) and were not statistically significant. Findings were similar for individual NTD subtypes.CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest no elevated association between maternal periconceptional alcohol consumption and NTDs. Underreporting of alcohol consumption, due to negative social stigma associated with alcohol consumption during pregnancy, and limited reports for mothers with early pregnancy loss of a fetus with an NTD may have affected the estimated odds ratios. Future studies should aim to increase sample sizes for less prevalent subtypes, reduce exposure misclassification, and improve ascertainment offetal deaths and elective terminations. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
First experience with a new balloon‐expandable and re‐collapsible vascular sheath in transfemoral percutaneous aortic valve replacement
Authors: Sedaghat Alexander , Sinning Jan‐Malte , Werner Nikos 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveTo describe a novel method of transfemoral access via a first generation balloon‐expandable and re‐collapsible access system.MethodsIn a patient at very high risk for surgical aortic valve replacement and with a relative contraindication for transapical transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) (left ventricular ejection fraction = 12%), transfemoral TAVI was performed. Due to compromising peripheral vascular anatomy/disease, a novel balloon‐expandable and re‐collapsible sheath system (Onset Medical, a subdivision of Terumo Medical Corporation, Irvine, CA) was used to achieve transfemoral access for the implantation of a 31‐mm Medtronic CoreValve® prosthesis.ResultThe sheath with an initial outer diameter of ∼13 French was introduced via the right common femoral artery and advanced into the descending aorta without difficulties and expanded with a pressure of 20 atm for 60 sec. After successful transfemoral TAVI, the sheath was deflated to a size of ∼13 French and removed from the vessel. A ProStar® closure device was successfully used to achieve hemostasis. Routine access‐site angiography revealed no signs of dissection, stenosis, or extravasation. During the further clinical stay, no further major vascular complication or need for transfusion occurred. The patient was discharged on day 7 after the procedure.ConclusionThe use of a balloon‐expandable re‐collapsible transfemoral sheath appears to be a promising approach with the potential of less vascular trauma. Further studies will need to evaluate the potential benefit of this novel device in patients with peripheral artery disease and if vascular injury and subsequent access site complications can hereby further be reduced. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Twisted Morphologies and Novel Chiral Macroporous Films from the Self‐Assembly of Optically Active Helical Polyphosphazene Block Copolymers
Authors: Suárez‐Suárez Silvia , Carriedo Gabino A. , Tarazona M. Pilar , Presa Soto Alejandro 
Published: March 2013

AbstractA series of optically active helical polyphosphazene block copolymers of general formula R[NP(O2C20H12)]n‐b‐[NPMePh]m (R‐7 a–c) was synthesized and characterized. The polymers were prepared by sequential living cationic polycondensation of N‐silylphosphoranimines using the mono‐end‐capped initiator [Ph3PNPCl3][PCl6] (5) and exhibit a low polydispersity index (ca. 1.3). The temperature dependence of the specific optical activity ([α]D) of R‐7 a,b relative to that for the homopolymers R‐[NP(O2C20H12)]n (R‐8 a) and the R/S analogues (R/S‐7 a,b), revealed that the binaphthoxy–phosphazene segments induce a preferential helical conformation in the [NPMePh] blocks through a “sergeant‐and‐soldiers” mechanism, an effect that is unprecedented in polyphosphazenes. The self‐assembly of drop‐cast thin films of the chiral block copolymer R‐7 b (bearing a long chiral and rigid R[NP(O2C20H12)] segment) evidenced a transfer of helicity mechanism, leading to the formation of twisted morphologies (twisted “pearl necklace”), not observed in the nonchiral R/S‐7 b. The chiral R‐7 a and the nonchiral R/S‐7 a, self‐assemble by a nondirected morphology reconstruction process into regular‐shaped macroporous films with chiral‐rich areas close to edge of the pore. This is the first nontemplate self‐assembly route to chiral macroporous polymeric films with pore size larger than 50 nm. The solvent annealing (THF) of these films leads to the formation of regular spherical nanostructures (ca. 50 nm), a rare example of nanospheres exclusively formed by synthetic helical polymers.
Correlations between color attributes and children's color preferences
Authors: Gyu “Phillip” Park Jin 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis study examined the role of color attributes (lightness and saturation) on children's color preferences for interior room colors. It also investigated children's most preferred colors among each of the five major hue families in the Munsell color system using scale‐models. Previous color preference studies have typically been done with small color chips or papers, which are very different from seeing a color applied on wall surfaces. A simulation method allowed for investigating the value of color in real contexts and controlling confounding variables. Forty‐five color samples were displayed on scale‐models to 63 children ages 7–11 years old. This study identified children's most preferred colors among each of the five major hue families in Munsell color system. It also demonstrated that saturation was positively correlated with children's preferences in the red, green, blue, and purple hue families. In the yellow hue family, interestingly, lightness has a positive correlation with preferences. Children's gender differences were found in that girls prefer red and purple more than boys. These findings lead to color application guidelines for designers to understand better color and eventually to create improved environments for children and their families. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 39, 452–462, 2014