bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective smoothed finite element methods for extremely large deformation of anisotropic incompressible bio‐tissues
Authors: Jiang Chen , Zhang Zhi‐Qian , Han Xu , Liu Gui‐Rong 
Published: July 2014

SUMMARYTwo dynamic selective smoothed FEM (selective S‐FEM) are proposed for analysis of extremely large deformation of anisotropic incompressible bio‐tissues using the simplest four‐node tetrahedron elements. In the present two Selective S‐FEMs, the method that consists of the face‐based smoothed FEM (FS‐FEM) used for the deviatoric part of deformation and the node‐based smoothed FEM (NS‐FEM) used for the volumetric part is called FS/NS‐FEM; another method that replaces the deviatoric part of deformation in the first one by the edge‐based smoothed FEM (3D‐ES‐FEM) is call 3D‐ES/NS‐FEM. Both selective S‐FEMs can achieve outstanding accuracy, and stability of volumetric locking free. This is because the NS‐FEM offers an ‘overly‐soft’ feature (in contrast to the standard FEM ‘overly‐stiff’ model), which can be used to effectively mitigate the volumetric locking, and on the other hand, the 3D‐ES‐FEM and FS‐FEM produce close to exact stiffness for the discretized model leading to accurate solution. Numerical examples are presented to examine the performance of the selective S‐FEM methods, including soft bio‐tissues that may be isotropic, transversely isotropic, and anisotropic arterial layered materials. The present methods are found having good accuracy and performance. The examples also demonstrate that the proposed methods are very robust and possess remarkable capabilities of handling element distortion, which is very useful for simulating soft materials including bio‐tissues. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimization‐based autonomous racing of 1:43 scale RC cars
Authors: Liniger Alexander , Domahidi Alexander , Morari Manfred 
Published: July 2014

SummaryThis paper describes autonomous racing of RC race cars based on mathematical optimization. Using a dynamical model of the vehicle, control inputs are computed by receding horizon based controllers, where the objective is to maximize progress on the track subject to the requirement of staying on the track and avoiding opponents. Two different control formulations are presented. The first controller employs a two‐level structure, consisting of a path planner and a nonlinear model predictive controller (NMPC) for tracking. The second controller combines both tasks in one nonlinear optimization problem (NLP) following the ideas of contouring control. Linear time varying models obtained by linearization are used to build local approximations of the control NLPs in the form of convex quadratic programs (QPs) at each sampling time. The resulting QPs have a typical MPC structure and can be solved in the range of milliseconds by recent structure exploiting solvers, which is key to the real‐time feasibility of the overall control scheme. Obstacle avoidance is incorporated by means of a high‐level corridor planner based on dynamic programming, which generates convex constraints for the controllers according to the current position of opponents and the track layout. The control performance is investigated experimentally using 1:43 scale RC race cars, driven at speeds of more than 3 m/s and in operating regions with saturated rear tire forces (drifting). The algorithms run at 50 Hz sampling rate on embedded computing platforms, demonstrating the real‐time feasibility and high performance of optimization‐based approaches for autonomous racing. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Viewing rate and reference ranges for papillary muscle areas of the fetal heart using four‐dimensional ultrasound in the rendering mode
Authors: Rolo Liliam Cristine , Rizzo Giuseppe , Pietrolucci Maria Elena , Barros Fernanda Silveira Bello , Nardozza Luciano Marcondes Machado , Martins Wellington P. , Arduini Domenico , Moron Antonio Fernandes , Araujo Júnior Edward 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe aims of this study were to assess the viewing rate and determine reference ranges ​​for the papillary muscle areas in the fetal atrio‐ventricular valves using four‐dimensional (4D) ultrasound and spatio‐temporal image correlation (STIC) in the rendering mode.MethodsThis cross‐sectional prospective study included 310 4D STIC volume data sets of normal fetuses between 18 weeks 0 day and 34 weeks 0 day of gestation. The papillary muscles were antero‐lateral (MPAL) and postero‐medial (MPPM) to the mitral valve and antero‐superior (MPAS), inferior (MPI) and septal (MPS) to the tricuspid valve. Polynomial regressions were built to determine the reference ranges, and adjustments were made using the determination coefficient (R2). To assess inter‐observer reproducibility, the intra‐class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used.ResultsIdentification of the papillary muscles was possible in 89.3% patients. The best‐fit regression equations between papillary muscle areas and gestational age were second degree. The inter‐observer reproducibility was good (ICC: 0.98 to MPAS, 0.97 to MPI, 0.98 to MPS, 0.98 to MPAL and 0.97 to MPPM).ConclusionsIdentification of the papillary muscles of the fetal valves was possible in most of the 4D STIC volume data sets, enabling the determination of reference ranges using the rendering mode. The reference ranges ​​for the papillary muscle areas were determined. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Psychosocial interventions addressing the needs of Black women diagnosed with breast cancer: a review of the current landscape
Authors: Whitehead Nicole Ennis , Hearn Lauren E. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundPoorer health outcomes and lower survival rates have been well documented among African American/Black (Black) women diagnosed with breast cancer. Black women are 41% more likely to die from breast cancer than White women despite a lower incidence rate. Apart from pharmacotherapy, psychosocial interventions are recommended by the Institute of Medicine as standard medical care for breast cancer patients at all phases of treatment. The current review is the first attempt to systematically evaluate the literature on the influence of psychosocial interventions for Black women diagnosed with breast cancer.MethodsThis systematic review aimed to adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses guidelines. A comprehensive computerized literature search of CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science was conducted to obtain relevant studies.ResultsInterventions demonstrated improved mood, decreased distress, increased ability to cope with intrusive thoughts and cancer‐related stress, personal growth, and improved social well‐being. However, aspects unique to this population require additional scientific inquiry. Over 80% of empirical interventions focused on Black women diagnosed with breast cancer have been concentrated on the posttreatment phase. There is a paucity of work at the time of diagnosis and during treatment.ConclusionsTo address gaps in the scientific literature, more work is needed to better understand how psychosocial interventions can improve the health trajectory for Black women diagnosed with breast cancer particularly in the areas of seeking help and support, identifying culturally acceptable methods for engaging support networks, and identifying best practices for enhancing coping skills. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitative imaging of neuroinflammation in human white matter: A positron emission tomography study with translocator protein 18 kDa radioligand, [18F]‐FEPPA
Authors: Suridjan Ivonne , Rusjan Pablo M. , Kenk Miran , Verhoeff Nicolaas Paul L.G. , Voineskos Aristotle N. , Rotenberg David , Wilson Alan A. , Meyer Jeffrey H. , Houle Sylvain , Mizrahi Romina 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTThe ability to quantify translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) in white matter (WM) is important to understand the role of neuroinflammation in neurological disorders with WM involvement. This article aims to extend the utility of TSPO imaging in WM using a second‐generation radioligand, [18F]‐FEPPA, and high‐resolution research tomograph (HRRT) positron emission tomography (PET) camera system. Four WM regions of interests (WM‐ROI), relevant to the study of aging and neuroinflammatory diseases, were examined. The corpus callosum, cingulum bundle, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and posterior limb of internal capsule were delineated automatically onto subject's T1‐weighted magnetic resonance image using a diffusion tensor imaging‐based WM template. The TSPO polymorphism (rs6971) stratified individuals to three genetic groups: high‐affinity binders (HAB), mixed‐affinity binders (MAB), and low‐affinity binders. [18F]‐FEPPA PET scans were acquired on 32 healthy subjects and analyzed using a full kinetic compartment analysis. The two‐tissue compartment model showed moderate identifiability (coefficient of variation 15–19%) for [18F]‐FEPPA total volume distribution (VT) in WM‐ROIs. Noise affects VT variability, although its effect on bias was small (6%). In a worst‐case scenario, ≤6% of simulated data did not fit reliably. A simulation of increased TSPO density exposed minimal effect on variability and identifiability of [18F]‐FEPPA VT in WM‐ROIs. We found no association between age and [18F]‐FEPPA VT in WM‐ROIs. The VT values were 15% higher in HAB than in MAB, although the difference was not statistically significant. This study provides evidence for the utility and limitations of [18F]‐FEPPA PET to measure TSPO expression in WM. Synapse 68:536–547, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of the sensitivity of the novel α4β2* nicotinic acetylcholine receptor PET radioligand 18F‐(‐)‐NCFHEB to increases in synaptic acetylcholine levels in rhesus monkeys
Authors: Gallezot Jean‐Dominique , Esterlis Irina , Bois Frederic , Zheng Ming‐Qiang , Lin Shu‐Fei , Kloczynski Tracy , Krystal John H. , Huang Yiyun , Sabri Osama , Carson Richard E. , Cosgrove Kelly P. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTObjective18F‐(‐)‐NCFHEB (also known as 18F‐(‐)‐Flubatine) is a new radioligand to image α4β2* nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in vivo with positron emission tomography (PET), with faster kinetics than previous radioligands such as 18F‐2‐F‐A85380. The goal of this study was to assess the sensitivity of 18F‐(‐)‐NCFHEB‐PET to increases in synaptic acetylcholine concentration induced by acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.MethodsTwo rhesus monkeys were scanned four times each on a Focus 220 scanner: first at baseline, then during two bolus plus infusions of physostigmine (0.06–0.28 mg/kg), and finally following a bolus injection of donepezil (0.25 mg/kg). The arterial input function and the plasma free fraction fP were measured. 18F‐(‐)‐NCFHEB volume of distribution VT was estimated using the multilinear analysis MA1 and then normalized by plasma free fraction fP.Results18F‐(‐)‐NCFHEB fP was 0.89 ± 0.04. At baseline, 18F‐(‐)‐NCFHEB VT/fP ranged from 7.9 ± 1.3 mL plasma/cm3 tissue in the cerebellum to 34.3 ± 8.4 mL plasma/cm3 tissue in the thalamus. Physostigmine induced a dose‐dependent reduction of 18F‐(‐)‐NCFHEB VT/fP of 34 ± 9% in the putamen, 32 ± 8% in the thalamus, 25 ± 8% in the cortex, and 23 ± 10% in the hippocampus. With donepezil, 18F‐(‐)‐NCFHEB VT/fP was reduced by 24 ± 2%, 14 + 3% and 14 ± 5%, 10 ± 6% in the same regions.Conclusion18F‐(‐)‐NCFHEB can be used to detect changes in synaptic acetylcholine concentration and is a promising tracer to study acetylcholine dynamics with shorter scan durations than previous radioligands. Synapse 68:556–564, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers: Surface Science Studies of Carbazole Derivatives
Authors: Papp Christian , Wasserscheid Peter , Libuda Jörg , Steinrück Hans‐Peter 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe review recent results towards a molecular understanding of the adsorption and dehydrogenation of carbazole‐derived liquid organic hydrogen carriers on platinum and palladium single crystals and on Al2O3‐supported Pt and Pd nanoparticles. By combining synchrotron‐based high‐resolution X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared reflection‐absorption spectroscopy, advanced molecular beam methods and temperature‐programmed desorption spectroscopy, detailed insights into the reaction mechanism are obtained. On Pt(111), dehydrogenation of perhydro‐N‐ethylcarbazole, H12‐NEC, starts with activation of the hydrogen atoms at the pyrrole unit, yielding H8‐NEC as the first stable reaction intermediate at ∼340 K, followed by further dehydrogenation to NEC at ∼380 K. Above 390 K, dealkylation starts, yielding carbazole as an undesired byproduct. On small supported Pt particles, the dealkylation sets in at lower temperatures, due to the higher reactivity of low‐coordinated sites, while on larger particles with (111) facets a reactivity as on the flat surface is observed. Carbazole derivatives with ethyl, propyl and butyl chains show an overall very similar reactivity, both on Pt(111) and on Pt nanoparticles. When comparing the dealkylation behavior of H12‐NEC on Pt(111) and Pt nanoparticles to that on Pd(111) and Pd nanoparticles, we find a higher reactivity for the Pd systems.
Involvement of L‐type Ca2+ channel and toll‐like receptor‐4 in nickel‐induced interleukin‐8 gene expression
Authors: Lin Chia‐Hsien , Chung Chih‐Ang , Wong Jhen‐Hong , Chen Ben‐Kuen , Chiu Siou‐Jin , Klahan Sukhontip , Lee Yi‐Chao , Chang Wei‐Chiao 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTThe metal nickel (Ni2+) is found everywhere in our daily lives, including coins, costume jewelry, and even nuts and chocolates. Nickel poisoning can cause inflammatory reactions, respiratory diseases, and allergic contact dermatitis. To clarify the mechanism by which nickel induces mediators of inflammation, we used the human acute monocytic leukemia THP‐1 cell line as a model. Interleukin (IL)‐8 promoter activity as well as gene expression were tested by luciferase assay and real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The underlying mechanisms of nickel‐induced IL‐8 were investigated. We found that nickel induced IL‐8 gene expression via the L‐type Ca2+ channel, Toll‐like receptor‐4 (TRL‐4) and nuclear factor NF‐κB signal transduction pathways. Nickel activated NF‐κB expression through extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation and then increased IL‐8 expression. Thus, the L‐type Ca2+ channel and TRL‐4 play important roles in nickel‐induced inflammatory gene expressions. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 5–12, 2016.
Prediction of early‐ and late‐onset pregnancy‐induced hypertension using placental volume on three‐dimensional ultrasound and uterine artery Doppler
Authors: Arakaki T. , Hasegawa J. , Nakamura M. , Hamada S. , Muramoto M. , Takita H. , Ichizuka K. , Sekizawa A. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo determine whether uterine artery (UtA) Doppler findings and three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasound measurement of placental volume during the first trimester allowed prediction of early‐ and late‐onset pregnancy‐induced hypertension (early PIH and late PIH).MethodsSubjects with singleton pregnancy who underwent an ultrasound scan at 11–13 weeks' gestation and delivered between 2011 and 2013 were enrolled prospectively into the study. The UtA Doppler indices and placental volume on 3D ultrasound at 11–13 weeks' gestation in cases that developed early PIH (< 34 weeks) or PIH later in pregnancy (≥ 34 weeks) were compared with values in unaffected pregnancies.ResultsTen cases of early PIH, 67 cases of late PIH and 1285 unaffected pregnancies were analyzed. The UtA pulsatility index (PI) was higher in cases of early PIH than that in unaffected pregnancies (median, 2.35 vs 1.79; P = 0.043) but did not differ between cases of late PIH and unaffected pregnancies. Placental volume was smaller in cases of early PIH than that in unaffected pregnancies (median, 43 cm3 vs 62 cm3; P = 0.003) but did not differ between cases of late PIH and unaffected pregnancies. The area under the receiver–operating characteristics curve for the prediction of early PIH, by combining UtA‐PI and placental volume, was 0.832 (95% CI, 0.742–0.921), with this combination providing a detection rate for early PIH of 67.5% for a 5% false‐positive rate.ConclusionsHigh UtA‐PI and small placental volume were observed more often in cases of early PIH compared with unaffected pregnancies, but not in cases of late PIH. These results may indicate that there are differences in pathophysiology between early PIH and late PIH. Copyright © 2014 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Injury prevention among friends: The benefits of school connectedness
Authors: Chapman R.L. , Buckley L. , Reveruzzi B. , Sheehan M. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTUnsafe road behaviors, violence and alcohol use, are primary contributors to adolescent injury. Research suggests that adolescents look out for their friends and engage in protective behavior to reduce others' risk‐taking and that school connectedness is associated with reduced injury‐risks. This study examined the role of school connectedness in willingness to protect and prevent friends from involvement in alcohol use, fights and unlicensed driving. Surveys were completed at two time points, six months apart, by 545 13–14 year olds from seven Australian high schools. Females were significantly more likely than males to report willingness to protect their friends. School connectedness significantly and positively predicted willingness to protect across all three injury‐risk behaviors, after accounting for sex and own involvement in injury‐risk behaviors. School connectedness may therefore be an important factor to target in school‐based prevention programs, both to reduce adolescents' own injury‐risk behavior and to increase injury prevention among friends.
Alcohol use among adolescents, aggressive behaviour, and internalizing problems
Authors: Kivimäki Petri , Kekkonen Virve , Valtonen Hannu , Tolmunen Tommi , Honkalampi Kirsi , Tacke Ulrich , Hintikka Jukka , Lehto Soili M. , Laukkanen Eila 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTAlcohol use is common among adolescents, but its association with behavioural and emotional problems is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate how self‐reported psychosocial problems were associated with the use of alcohol in a community sample consisting of 4074 Finnish adolescents aged 13–18 years. Aggressive behaviour associated with alcohol use and a high level of alcohol consumption, while internalizing problems did not associate with alcohol use. Having problems in social relationships associated with abstinence and lower alcohol consumption. Tobacco smoking, early menarche and attention problems also associated with alcohol use.
Quality of life predictors in patients with epilepsy and cognitive disabilities
Authors: Viteva Ekaterina 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Purpose We aimed to assess the QOL and its predictors in Bulgarian patients with refractory epilepsy (RE) and cognitive problems.
Methods We conducted a study based on questionnaires designed for people with intellectual disability (the stigma scale, the Glasgow Depression Scale, the Glasgow Anxiety Scale, the Glasgow Epilepsy Outcome Scale – GEOS-35) and a purposeful interview on clinical and social factors of 64 patients (50% men) with RE and cognitive problems.
Results The mean total score of the GEOS-35 was 76 ± 2.34 (an indicator of low QOL). On univariate analysis, the GEOS-35 total score was associated with seizure frequency and severity, stigma, depression, and anxiety. On multivariate regression analysis predictors of the GEOS-35 total score were anxiety, seizure severity, and stigma Р < 0.001 (F = 14.66). Regarding the GEOS-35 subscales, on multivariate regression analysis, we found that 1. Seizure severity, seizure type, and anxiety were predictors of “concerns about seizures” Р < 0.001 (F = 8.99); 2. Anxiety was the only predictor of “concerns about treatment” Р < 0.001 (F = 7.98); 3. Anxiety and seizure severity were predictors of “concerns about caring” Р < 0.001 (F = 12.12); and 4. Seizure severity and stigma were predictors of “concerns about social impact” Р < 0.001 (F = 18.31).
Conclusions We have affirmed the low QOL in patients with RE and cognitive problems and its clinical and social determinants. The results from our study prove the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach for quality of life improvement in these patients.
Poor uptake of influenza vaccination in pregnancy in northern India
Authors: Koul Parvaiz A. , Bali Nargis K. , Ali Saima , Ahmad Syed J. , Bhat Muneer A. , Mir Hyder , Akram Shabir , Khan Umar H. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo study the uptake of influenza vaccination among pregnant women in northern India and physicians’ beliefs and practices regarding vaccination.MethodsA questionnaire‐based survey was undertaken between October 2012 and April 2013. Pregnant women attending an obstetric hospital in Srinagar, India, and healthcare personnel were asked to participate.ResultsAmong 1000 women aged 18–41 years (13.6% first trimester, 26.8% second trimester), none had been offered or received influenza vaccination. Only 9 (10.0%) of 90 obstetricians surveyed had been vaccinated for influenza in the past 5 years, although 81 (90.0%) believed that influenza could have severe consequences for themselves and their patients. The reasons cited for non‐vaccination included poor knowledge about availability of vaccine and concerns about its efficacy. Sixty‐six (73.3%) obstetricians believed that vaccine adverse effects are under‐reported, and 79 (87.8%) believed that vaccination programs are motivated by profit. Eighty‐four (93.3%) obstetricians wished to undergo vaccination in the coming flu season.ConclusionInfluenza vaccination among pregnant women in northern India is nonexistent. Poor uptake is rooted in misperceptions about vaccine availability, efficacy, and safety among treating physicians, few of whom are vaccinated.
The Nigeria Independent Accountability Mechanism for maternal, newborn, and child health
Authors: Garba Aminu Magashi , Bandali Sarah 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSince the 2010 launch of the UN Secretary‐General's Global Strategy for Women's and Children's Health, worldwide political energy coalesced around improving the health of women and children. Nigeria acted on a key recommendation emerging from the Global Strategy and became one of the first countries to establish an independent group known as the Nigeria Independent Accountability Mechanism (NIAM). NIAM aims to track efforts on progress related to Nigeria's roadmap for the health of women and children. It includes eminent people from outside government to ensure independence, and is recognized within government to analyze and report on progress. The concept of NIAM received approval at various national and international forums, as well as from the Nigeria Federal Ministry of Health. This experience provides an example of connecting expertise and groups with the government to influence and accelerate progress in maternal, newborn, and child health. Engagement between government and civil society should become the norm rather than the exception to achieve national goals.