bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An age‐stage structured population model for the coexistence of alternative migratory tactics in salmonid fishes
Authors: Horita Jun‐nosuke , Takada Takenori , Tachiki Yuuya 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAlternative tactics refer to the discontinuous patterns of phenotypic variation, often expressed as an association of several phenotypes. These tactics are widely observed in several taxa, with individuals in a population choosing a phenotype from multiple options depending on their status. In salmonids, alternative migratory tactics‐where some individuals undergo feeding migration to the ocean and others remain in their natal streams are associated with exaggerated phenotypic variations. Such discrete alternative phenotypes can have complex impacts on ecological and evolutionary processes (e.g., reproduction and the trait changes due to natural selection) owing to the large differences in demographic rates between tactics. In this study, to explore the eco‐evolutionary consequences of alternative migratory tactics in salmonid fishes, we constructed an age‐stage structured population model focusing on females. As individuals choose a tactic based on their own status, we incorporated the size structure of juveniles into the population dynamics and explored the evolution of the threshold trait. At the evolutionary endpoint, the threshold trait maximized the population size. Furthermore, the coexistence of resident and migrant tactics within a population occurred when the river environment was relatively poor and/or the ocean environment was rich; otherwise, all individuals adopted the resident tactic. This model provides several insights into the eco‐evolutionary response of the population to environmental change. For example, the increase in survivorship during migration increased the population size and the fraction of migrants as an ecological and evolutionary response, respectively.
Dynamic event‐triggered H∞ control for switched T‐S fuzzy systems under multiple cyber attacks
Authors: Tan Xiangtong , Li Xiehuan , Zong Guangdeng 
Published: August 2024

SummaryThis article studies the dynamic event‐triggered control problem for switched Takagi‐Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy systems against multiple cyber attacks. A new multiple cyber attack model is established by considering random false data injection attacks and aperiodic denial‐of‐service attacks. Then, to further efficiently utilize network communication resources, a dynamic event‐triggered mechanism (ETM), which includes a nonnegative dynamic variable, is constructed. Furthermore, the time‐delay switched T‐S fuzzy system considering dynamic ETM and multiple cyber attacks is derived by utilizing model transformation methods. Moreover, sufficient conditions for globally asymptotically stability and performance are derived by utilizing multiple Lyapunov functions and average dwell time method. Finally, an example is provided to validate the effectiveness of dynamic ETM.
High Photoresponsivity and Fast Response Speed Ferroelectric Photomemristor for Artificial Visual System Application
Authors: Zhao Zhen , Wang Zhanfeng , Xu Jikang , Zhao Pengli , Wang Jianning , Wang Yongrui , Zhang Weifeng , Li Changliang , Cui Haozhen , Wang Jiacheng , Zhang Yinxing , Sun Jiameng , Pei Yifei , Guo Zhenqiang , Faraj Yousef , Chen Jingsheng , Li Shushen , Yan Xiaobing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFerroelectric photoelectric devices show promising applications in artificial vision systems. However, this type of devices used in artificial vision systems exhibits low photoresponsivity and this limited cyclability of photocurrents, which hinders the progress of artificial vision systems. In this study, an artificial vision system is constructed with high photoresponsivity, fast photoresponse speed, and high read/write speed based on the Pd/PbZr0.4Ti0.6O3/La0.3Sr0.7MnO3/LaAlO3 ferroelectric photomemristor. The high optical response (18.86 nanoamperes) and read/write speeds (50 nanoseconds) of the device significantly improve the robustness and speed of the neuromorphic visual system while reducing power consumption for recognition. The artificial vision system developed in this study provides excellent real‐time image processing capabilities, including edge detection and classification with 100% accuracy for musical key patterns, and it is expected to offer great potential for the development of high‐performance self‐powered artificial vision systems.
Rare Earth‐Induced CoO6 Octahedral Distortion in Perovskite: An Efficient Catalytic Platform for RuO2‐Catalyzed Water Oxidation
Authors: Jiang Kunhong , Jiang Yong , Liang Zhong , Gu Chao , Shen Zhurui , Du Yaping 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRare earth (RE)‐based perovskites are considered as promising platform for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to their low cost and tunable structures. However, the systematic synthesis of perovskite catalysts with satisfactory performance has rarely been reported. Herein, a general synthetic protocol for RE‐substituted LaCoO3 (RE‐LCO) perovskites is demonstrated. Particularly, after loaded with RuO2, the as‐prepared RuO2:0.2Ce‐LCO hybrid structures exhibit OER performance with a low overpotential of 135 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in 1.0 m KOH, together with remarkable long‐term operation, representing one of the most efficient and robust Ru‐based catalysts. Comprehensive experimental results indicate that the enhanced OER mechanism is attributed to the Ce‐substitution, which alters the geometric configuration of CoO6 octahedra and generates more oxygen vacancies. Furthermore, the robust interaction between Ce‐LCO and RuO2 stabilizes the valence state of Ru site. Theoretical calculations corroborate that Co 3d orbitals overlap with Ce 4f orbitals near the Fermi level, greatly improving the electron transfer between Co and Ce atoms.
Novel Iontronic Pressure Sensor Coupling High Sensitivity and Wide‐Range for Stiffness Identification and Long‐Distance Precise Motion Control
Authors: Wang Dakai , Li Bo , Niu Shichao , Han Zhiwu , Ren Luquan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHigh‐performance flexible pressure sensors have garnered widespread applications across numerous vital fields, encompassing flexible robotics, artificial intelligence, and brain‐computer interfaces. However, the small compressibility range of flexible materials and the easy saturation characteristics of microstructures greatly limit their practical applications. Therefore, achieving high sensitivity over an extensive pressure range remains a challenge. Here, inspired by the skin, a raised structure with graded features is designed as the sensitive layer. A flexible pressure sensor with high performance is manufactured by combining iontronic interfaces. The results indicate that this sensor can stably maintain a high sensitivity of 161.26 kPa−1 even at a pressure of 320 kPa. Moreover, this sensor also has a fast response time and recovery time of 26 and 85 ms, respectively. As a demonstration, these sensors are applied to materials stiffness recognition, human motion monitoring, and control of long‐distance four‐wheel vehicles. This work will offer valuable insights and serve as a useful reference for achieving high sensitivity and a broadened sensing range in sensors.
Proximal High‐Index Metamaterials based on a Superlattice of Gold Nanohexagons Targeting the Near‐Infrared Band
Authors: Shin Dong‐In , Kim Jeongwon , Im Seong‐Gyun , Kang Taewoo , Wang Ke , Lee Gaehang , Kwon Seok Joon , Park Sungho , Yi Gi‐Ra 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPlasmonic nanoparticles can be assembled into a superlattice, to form optical metamaterials, particularly targeting precise control of optical properties such as refractive index (RI). The superlattices exhibit enhanced near‐field, given the sufficiently narrow gap between nanoparticles supporting multiple plasmonic resonance modes only realized in proximal environments. Herein, the planar superlattice of plasmonic Au nanohexagons (AuNHs) with precisely controlled geometries such as size, shape, and edge‐gaps is reported. The proximal AuNHs superlattice realized over a large area with selective edge‐to‐edge assembly exhibited the highest‐ever‐recorded RI values in the near‐infrared (NIR) band, surpassing the upper limit of the RI of the natural intrinsic materials (up to 10.04 at λ = 1.5 µm). The exceptionally enhanced RI is derived from intensified in‐plane surface plasmon coupling across the superlattices. Precise control of the edge‐gap of neighboring AuNHs systematically tuned the RI as confirmed by numerical analysis based on the plasmonic percolation model. Furthermore, a 1D photonic crystal, composed of alternating layers of AuNHs superlattices and low‐index polymers, is constructed to enhance the selectivity of the reflectivity operating in the NIR band. It is expected that the proximal AuNHs superlattices can be used as new optical metamaterials that can be extended to the NIR range.
Bioinspired Superstrong, Wet Adhesive Deep Eutectic Solvent‐Based Gels for Stain Sensing and ECG Monitoring
Authors: Yang Jinxue , Zhang Xuhang , Zhao Zhenjie , Wang Xue , Liang Zhenhu , Liang Yongri , Dan Liu Ying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLow mechanical properties and easy detachment from the hydration layer at the wet interface of hydrogel limit its application as an adhesive‐flexible sensor. In this study, the composition and structure of mussel mucoprotein are replicated using sulfonyl betaine (SBMA) containing zwitterion and N‐hydroxyethyl acrylamide to be polymerized in deep eutectic solvents and integrated with a polydopamine network to create a bionic eutectic gel with exceptionally strong and wet adhesion. Water erosion is effectively inhibited by the extensive hydrogen bond and electrostatic interactions. These dynamic bonds also impart self‐healing properties to the gel, showing a self‐healing efficiency of 55.45% after 48 h healing at room temperature. The zwitterion in SBMA can preferentially react with water to form a hydrated shell to protect the hydrogen bonds and enhance the exceptional water resistance and adhesion of the gel. The peel strength of the gel on a wet substrate is up to 220.71 N m−1, and its tensile strength can reach 1.01 MPa. It also has good mass stability at both low and high temperatures. This eutectic gel has the potential to be used in flexible electronic devices and can detect human movement and bioelectrical impulses on wet skin with great sensitivity.
Heterogeneous Organohydrogel Toward Automated and Interference‐Free Gradient Feeding of Drugs in Cell Screening
Authors: Gao Hongxiao , Wan Xizi , Xiao Wu‐Yi , Yang Yuemeng , Lu Jingwei , Wu Shihao , Xu Li‐Ping , Wang Shutao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCell‐based microarrays are widely used in the fields of drug discovery and toxicology. Precise gradient generation and automated drug feeding are essential for high‐throughput screening of live cells in tiny droplets. However, most existing technologies either require sophisticated robotic equipment or cause mechanical/physiological interference with cells. Here, a heterogeneous organohydrogel is presented for automated gradient drug feeding, while ensuring minimal interference with cells. The heterogeneous organohydrogel comprises three crucial components. The bottom surface can automatically generate gradients functioning as a gradient generator, the organohydrogel bulk allows unidirectional transport of drugs without backflow, and the top surface with hydrophilic arrays can firmly anchor the cell‐based droplet array to evaluate the concentration‐dependent bioeffects of drugs accurately. Such a unique structure enables universal screening of different cell types and drugs dissolved in different solvents, requiring neither additional accessories nor arduous drug functionalization. The heterogeneous organohydrogel with unprecedented automation and non‐interference possesses the enormous potential to be a next‐generation platform for drug screening.
Regulating the Water Dissociation on Atomic Iron Sites to Speed Up CO2 Protonation and Achieve pH‐Universal CO2 Electroreduction
Authors: Tang Qi , Hao Qi , Wu Junxiu , Zhang Yaowen , Sun Ping , Wang Depeng , Tian Chuan , Zhong Haixia , Zhu Yihan , Huang Keke , Liu Kai , Zhang Xinbo , Lu Jun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAtomic Fe sites enabled electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction (ECO2R) to carbon monoxide (CO) at low overpotentials. However, the narrow potential ranges for selective CO2 conversion on atomic Fe sites hindered the CO production at high current densities. Therefore, unveiling the CO2 electroreduction processes and clarifying the catalytic mechanisms on different atomic Fe sites are important for better design of atomic Fe catalysts toward efficient ECO2R. Herein, the ECO2R processes on single‐atom, dual‐atom, and cluster Fe sites are systematically investigated, and clarify that the balanced water dissociation and CO2 protonation on dual‐atom Fe sites promote the efficient CO production. The dual‐atom Fe catalyst achieves Faradaic efficiencies of CO (FECO) above 92% over a wide potential range of −0.4–−0.9 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode and maintains FECO of 91% after 153‐h electrolysis in H‐type cell. Benefitting from the favorable CO2 protonation for ECO2R on dual‐atom Fe sites, pH‐universal CO2 electroreduction is achieved in alkali‐/acid‐/bicarbonate‐fed membrane electrode assembly electrolyzer, with FECO exceeds 98% in strongly acidic/alkaline and neutral mediums. The work reveals a water dissociation‐promoted CO2 electroreduction on dual‐atom Fe sites and presents a feasible regulation of atomic Fe sites for highly active/selective ECO2R.
Induced C−C Coupling by Amorphous‐Crystalline Hybrid Structure for Selective CO2 Photoreduction into C2 Fuels
Authors: He Dongpo , Huang Guangbing , Hu Jun , Ding Jinyu , Liu Wenxiu , Chen Liang , Yan Wensheng , Zhu Junfa , Zhu Shan , Chen Qingxia , Jiao Xingchen , Xie Yi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSelective photoreduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) into high‐value C2 products remains a formidable challenge due to the elusive C−C coupling step. Herein, the novel concept is first introduced that an amorphous‐crystalline hybrid structure can galvanize previously inert metal atoms, thereby establishing highly active dual sites. This ingenious configuration promotes the C−C coupling, paving the way for CO2 photoreduction into C2 products. Taking the Bi2MoO6 nanosheets anchored by amorphous FeOOH species as an example, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra and X‐ray absorption near edge structure spectra and density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations confirm the electron transfer from FeOOH to Bi2MoO6 nanosheets. Thus, the introduction of FeOOH activates the nonoperative Bi sites for the construction of Bi−Mo dual sites, verified by the in situ XPS spectra and DFT calculations. Gibbs free energy calculations revealed the formation energy barrier of C−C coupling is hugely lowed from 3.41 to 0.45 eV thanks to the presence of FeOOH species. Therefore, the FeOOHBi2MoO6 nanosheets are a game changer, delivering the sole liquid product, acetic acid, with an impressive electron selectivity of ≈86.9%. In contrast, the Bi2MoO6 nanosheets lag behind, only capable of producing carbon monoxide from CO2 photoreduction.
Construction and modulation of aggregation‐induced emission materials based on dynamic covalent bonds
Authors: Zheng Mingxin , Wang Yang , Hu Danning , Tian Mei , Wei Yen , Yuan Jinying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe remarkable advantages and promising application potentials of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) materials have seen significant advancements in recent years. Notably, AIE materials incorporating dynamic covalent bonds (DCBs) have garnered escalating attention and demonstrated remarkable progress due to their reversible and self‐adaptive properties, thus exhibiting immense potential across various domains including biomedicine, nanomaterials, sensing, and optical displays. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent strides in DCBs‐based AIE materials, organized by the types of dynamic covalent bonds utilized, such as Diels–Alder reaction, imine bond, transesterification, boronic ester bond, disulfide bond, [2+2] Cycloaddition Reaction and X‐yne adducts exchange. Through exemplifying representative cases, we elucidate the design principles of chemical structures and the diverse dynamic behaviors exhibited by DCBs‐based AIE materials. Leveraging the principles of dynamic covalent chemistry, these emissive materials can be facilely prepared, and they possess inherent self‐adaptability and responsiveness to stimuli. Finally, we present succinct conclusions and discuss future trends in this burgeoning field, offering fresh insights into the design of novel luminescent materials based on dynamic covalent bonds for broader applications.
CCDC47 gene and trichohepatoneurodevelopmental syndrome: Report of the fifth and sixth cases from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsubeeh Najlaa A. , Almuqbil Mohammed A. , Davies William , Bertoli‐Avella Aida , Anikar Swathi , Zonic Emir , Eyaid Wafaa M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTrichohepatoneurodevelopmental syndrome (THNS) is an ultra‐rare and complex disorder affecting multiple organ systems. It is characterized by liver dysfunction, hypotonia, global developmental delay, coarse hair, and dysmorphic features. We describe two cases of THNS of Saudi origin, the fifth and sixth cases in the medical literature. Both cases presented with multiple dysmorphic features, generalized hypotonia, global developmental delay, and high liver enzyme level. Exome sequencing of Case 1 identified a pathogenic homozygous variant within the CCDC47: NM_020198.2:c.567_570del, p.(Glu190Profs*7). Genome sequencing of Case 2 identified two likely pathogenic heterozygous variants within the CCDC47: NM_020198.2:c.1327C>T, p.(Arg443*) and NM_020198.2:c.422dup, p.(Leu141Phefs*19). The trans phase of the detected variants has been confirmed by the parental testing. Furthermore, we evaluated the gene–disease association as per ClinGen guidelines and reached a strong level of association after inclusion of the new patients/variants. The findings from these cases will help to delineate the clinical phenotype and the mutational spectrum of this complex disorder.
Gas Tunnel Engineering of Prolyl Hydroxylase Reprograms Hypoxia Signaling in Cells
Authors: Windsor Peter , Ouyang Haiping , G. da Costa Joseph A. , Rama Damodaran Anoop , Chen Yue , Bhagi‐Damodaran Ambika 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCells have evolved intricate mechanisms for recognizing and responding to changes in oxygen (O2) concentrations. Here, we have reprogrammed cellular hypoxia (low O2) signaling via gas tunnel engineering of prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2), a non‐heme iron dependent O2 sensor. Using computational modeling and protein engineering techniques, we identify a gas tunnel and critical residues therein that limit the flow of O2 to PHD2’s catalytic core. We show that systematic modification of these residues can open the constriction topology of PHD2’s gas tunnel. Using kinetic stopped‐flow measurements with NO as a surrogate diatomic gas, we demonstrate up to 3.5‐fold enhancement in its association rate to the iron center of tunnel‐engineered mutants. Our most effectively designed mutant displays 9‐fold enhanced catalytic efficiency (kcat/KM=830±40 M−1 s−1) in hydroxylating a peptide mimic of hypoxia inducible transcription factor HIF‐1α, as compared to WT PHD2 (kcat/KM=90±9 M−1 s−1). Furthermore, transfection of plasmids that express designed PHD2 mutants in HEK‐293T mammalian cells reveal significant reduction of HIF‐1α and downstream hypoxia response transcripts under hypoxic conditions of 1 % O2. Overall, these studies highlight activation of PHD2 as a new pathway to reprogram hypoxia responses and HIF signaling in cells.
Promoting CO2 Electroreduction to Hydrocarbon Products via Sulfur‐Enhanced Proton Feeding in Atomically Precise Thiolate‐Protected Cu Clusters
Authors: Li Jun‐Kang , Dong Jian‐Peng , Liu Shuang‐Shuang , Hua Yue , Zhao Xue‐Li , Li Zhongjun , Zhao Shu‐Na , Zang Shuang‐Quan , Wang Rui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThiolate‐protected Cu clusters with well‐defined structures and stable low‐coordinated Cu+ species exhibit remarkable potential for the CO2RR and are ideal model catalysts for establishing structure‐electrocatalytic property relationships at the atomic level. However, extant Cu clusters employed in the CO2RR predominantly yield 2e− products. Herein, two model Cu4(MMI)4 and Cu8(MMI)4(tBuS)4 clusters (MMI=2‐mercapto‐1‐methylimidazole) are prepared to investigate the synergistic effect of Cu+ and adjacent S sites on the CO2RR. Cu4(MMI)4 can reduce CO2 to deep‐reduced products with a 91.0 % Faradaic efficiency (including 53.7 % for CH4) while maintaining remarkable stability. Conversely, Cu8(MMI)4(tBuS)4 shows a remarkable preference for C2+ products, achieving a maximum FE of 58.5 % with a C2+ current density of 152.1 mA⋅cm−2. In situ XAS and ex situ XPS spectra reveal the preservation of Cu+ species in Cu clusters during CO2RR, extensively enhancing the adsorption capacity of *CO intermediate. Moreover, kinetic analysis and theoretical calculations confirm that S sites facilitate H2O dissociation into *H species, which directly participate in the protonation process on adjacent Cu sites for the protonation of *CO to *CHO. This study highlights the important role of Cu−S dual sites in Cu clusters and provides mechanistic insights into the CO2RR pathway at the atomic level.
Amplification and Attenuation of Asymmetry via Kinetically Controlled Seed‐Induced Supramolecular Polymerization
Authors: Das Angshuman , Ghosh Saikat , George Subi J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe amplification of asymmetry in supramolecular polymers has recently garnered significant attention. While asymmetry amplification has predominantly been explored under thermodynamic conditions, the kinetic aspect of this process unveils intriguing observations, yet is scarcely reported in the literature. Herein, drawing inspiration from macromolecular systems, we propose a novel strategy for enhancing asymmetry in supramolecular polymers through a seed‐induced supramolecular polymerization approach under kinetic conditions, employing a naphthalene diimide‐derived monomer (ANSG) for template‐induced supramolecular polymerization, utilizing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and pyrophosphate (PPi) as templates. A chiral seed comprising [ANSG‐ATP]S effectively amplifies the overall supramolecular asymmetry when exposed to a mixture of achiral templates (PPi) and monomers (ANSG), owing to its efficient seeding characteristics under kinetic conditions. As a result of efficient co‐operativity, conversely, employing an achiral seed [ANSG‐PPi]S in a mixture of chiral templates (ATP) and monomers (ANSG) results in the attenuation of asymmetry, highlighting the effective modulation achievable through the seeding approach, an unprecedented observation in the field. Exploiting the efficient aggregation‐induced emission enhancement (AIEE) of the resultant supramolecular polymers further extends the amplification and attenuation of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) as a potential function.