bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lower and Middle Cenomanian ammonites from the Morondava Basin, Madagascar
Authors: Kennedy William James , Walaszczyk Ireneusz , Gale Andrew S. , Dembicz Krzysztof , Praszkier Tomasz 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
Kennedy, W.J., Walaszczyk, I., Gale, A.S., Dembicz, K. and Praszkier, T. 2013. Lower and Midle Cenomanian ammonites from the Morondava Basin, Madagascar. Acta Geologica Polonica, 63(4), 625-655. Warszawa.
Lower and Middle Cenomanian ammonite assemblages have been collected on a bed-by-bed basis from localities at Vohipaly and Mahaboboka, Madagascar, as well as from outcrops around Berekata, all in the Morondava Basin, southwest Madagascar. These collections demonstrate the presence of the upper Lower Cenomanian Mantelliceras dixoni Zone and the lower Middle Cenomanian Cunningtoniceras inerme Zone of the north-western European standard sequence. These records indicate that the striking anomalies in the zonal assemblages of the classic divisions of the Madagascan Cenomanian are based on mixed assemblages, rather than a succession that differs radically from that elsewhere in the world. The dixoni Zone fauna is: Desmoceras cf. latidorsatum (Michelin, 1838), Pachydesmoceras kossmati Matsumoto, 1987, Forbesiceras sp., F. baylissiWright & Kennedy, 1984, F. largilliertianum (d’Orbigny, 1841), Mantelliceras cantianum Spath, 1926a, M. dixoni Spath, 1926b, M. mantelli (J. Sowerby, 1814), M. picteti Hyatt, 1903, M. saxbii (Sharpe, 1857), Sharpeiceras sp., S. falloti (Collignon, 1931), S. mocambiquense (Choffat, 1903), S. cf. florencae Spath, 1925, Acompsoceras renevieri (Sharpe, 1857), A. tenue Collignon, 1964, Calycoceras sp., Mrhiliceras lapparenti (Pervinquière, 1907), Mariella (Mariella) stolizcai (Collignon, 1964), Hypoturrilites taxyfabreae (Collignon, 1964), Turrilites scheuchzerianus Bosc, 1801, Sciponoceras cucullatum Collignon, 1964, and Sciponoceras antanimangaensis (Collignon, 1964). The presence of Calycoceras in a Lower Cenomanian association represents a precocious appearance of a genus typically Middle and Upper Cenomanian in occurrence, and matches records from Tunisia. The inerme Zone yields a more restricted assemblage: Pachydesmoceras kossmati, Forbesiceras baylissi, Acanthoceras sp. juv., Cunningtoniceras cunningtoni (Sharpe, 1855) and Hypoturrilites taxyfabreae.
Experimental method for estimation of compaction in the Oxfordian bedded limestones of the southern Kraków-Częstochowa Upland, Southern Poland
Authors: Kochman Alicja , Matyszkiewicz Jacek 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
Kochman, A. and Matyszkiewicz, J. 2013. Experimental method for estimation of compaction in the Oxfordian bedded limestones of the southern Krakow-Częstochowa Upland, Southern Poland. Acta Geologica Polonica, 63(4), 681-696. Warszawa.
The Upper Jurassic carbonates exposed in the southern part of the Krakow-Częstochowa Upland are well known for their significant facies diversity related to the presence of microbial and microbial-sponge carbonate buildups and bedded detrital limestone in between. Both the buildups and detrital limestones revealed differential susceptibility to compaction which, apart from differential subsidence of the Palaeozoic basement and synsedimentary faulting, was one of the factors controlling seafloor palaeorelief in the Late Jurassic sedimentary basin. The compaction of the detrital limestones has been estimated with an experimental oedometric method in which specially prepared mixtures made of ground limestones from a quarry in the village of Żary were subjected to oedometer tests. The diameters of the detrital grains and their percentages in the limestones were determined by microscopic examinations of thin sections. The diameters were assigned to predetermined classes corresponding to the Udden-Wentworth scale. The rock samples were then ground down to the grain sizes observed in thin sections. From such materials, mixtures were prepared of grain size distributions corresponding to those observed in thin sections. After adding water the mixtures were subjected to oedometer tests. Analysis of the compression of such mixtures under specific loads enabled preparation of a mathematical formula suitable for the estimation of mechanical compaction of the limestone. The obtained values varied from 27.52 to 55.53% for a load corresponding to 300 metres burial depth. The most significant effect of mechanical compaction was observed for loads representing only 2 metres burial depth. Further loading resulted in a much smaller reduction in sample height.
The results of the oedometer tests cannot be used directly to determine compaction of the detrital limestones. Mainly because microscopic observations of thin sections of the experimental material show that chemical compaction was also an important factor influencing thickness reduction of the limestones.
Quartz c-axis fabrics in constrictionally strained orthogneisses: implications for the evolution of the Orlica-Śnieżnik Dome, the Sudetes, Poland
Authors: Żelaźniewicz Andrzej , Kromuszczyńska Olga , Biegała Natalia 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
Żelaźniewicz, A., Kromuszczyńska, O. and Biegała, N. 2013. Quartz c-axis fabrics in constrictionally strained orthogneisses: implications for the evolution of the Orlica-Śnieżnik Dome, the Sudetes, Poland. Acta Geologica Polonica, 63(4), 697-722, Warszawa.
The Orlica-Śnieżnik Dome (OSD), NE Bohemian Massif, contains in its core several gneiss variants with protoliths dated at ~500 Ma. In the western limb of the OSD, rodding augen gneisses (Spalona gneiss unit) are mainly L>S tectonites with a prominent stretching lineation. The few quartz LPO studies have produced somewhat discrepant results. Reexamination of these rocks revealed that texture formation was a protracted, multistage process that involved strain partitioning with changing strain rate and kinematics in a general shear regime at temperatures of the amphibolite facies (450-600°C). Quartz c-axis microfabrics show complex yet reproducible patterns that developed under the joint control of strain geometry and temperature; thus the LPOs are mixed features represented by pseudogirdle patterns. Domainal differences in quartz microfabrics (ribbons, tails, quartzo-feldspathic aggregate) are common in the Spalona orthogneisses but uncommon in the sheared migmatitic gneisses. In the latter rocks, the constrictional strain was imposed on the originally planar fabric defined by high-temperature migmatitic layering. The constrictional fabric of the Spalona gneisses may have developed in the hinge zones of kilometer-scale folds, where the elongation occurred parallel to the fold axes. Other occurrences of rodding gneisses throughout the Orlica-Śnieżnik Dome are thought to occupy similar structural positions, which would point to the significance of large-scale folds in the tectonic structure of the dome.
EXPERIMENT OF GASIFICATION OF THE SYNTHETICALLY MIXED SAMPLE OF WASTE IN NITROGEN ATMOSPHERE
Authors: Lázár Marián , Jasminská Natália , Lengyelová Marta 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The article presents results of gasification of the synthetically mixed sample of waste in a 30 kVA transferred DC plasma reactor with a hollow graphite electrode. The subject of the research is a sample of waste consisting of components normally found in a municipal waste. The experimental test of waste gasification with a high level of organic fraction was implemented due to the verification of previously mentioned technology application also in the area of waste disposal at the current construction design of the reactor. Gasification took place in the inert atmosphere at the average temperature of 1578 °C. The goal of the experiment was the verification of possible synthesis gas production applicable in the energetic applications and focus of the possible usage of the energetic potential of, up to now not often used, secondary energy sources such as wastes.
CORROSION RESISTANCE OF MECHANICALLY ALLOYED 14%Cr ODS FERRITIC STEEL
Authors: Oksiuta Zbigniew , Och Ewa 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The paper presents results of the corrosion resistance of mechanically alloyed oxide dispersion strengthened 14% Cr ferritic stainless. The oxide dispersion strengthened steel was prepared by means of the powder metallurgy route that consists of mechanical alloying of a pre-alloyed argon atomized steel powder (Fe-14Cr-2W-0.3Ti) with 0.3 Y2O3 (wt%), followed by HIPping at 1150°C and annealing at 850°C for 1 h. The density of ODS ferritic steel after consolidation was about 99.0% of theoretical alloy density. The potentiodynamic corrosion tests were performed for 1h and 24 h of material exposure in a physiological saline solution. For comparison the 316 LV austenitic stainless steel was also examined. The obtained results revealed that both materials were in a passive stage, however the lower current corrosion density was measured for 316 LV steel. On the contrary, the austenitic stainless steel exhibited unstable chemical processes at the passive region. On the surface of both materials localized pitting corrosion was observed with different morphology of the cavities. A broken oxide scale with poor adhesion to the ferritic steel matrix with large number of density of localized corrosion attack was observed on the surface of the ODS steel.
JOINING THE COMBINATION OF AHSS STEEL AND HSLA STEEL BY RESISTANCE SPOT WELDING
Authors: Kaščák Ľuboš , Spišák Emil , Gajdoš Ivan 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The paper deals with the optimization of parameters of resistance spot welding and quality analysis of welded joints made by combination of galvanized Advanced High Strength Steel and High Strength Low Alloy steel. It is an advanced material combination utilized in automotive industry to reduce weight of the vehicle body and consequently lowering the fuel consumption to achieve the lowest possible fuel consumption, high active and passive safety of passengers while decreasing the amount of emission. The quality of welded joints was evaluated by destructive tests and non-destructive tests. The shear tensile test according to STN 05 1122 standard was used. Some samples were prepared for metallographic analysis, where the influence of the welding parameters on the structure of welded joint and occurrence of pores in the weld metal caused by evaporation of zinc from the coating was observed.
AIR FLOW ANALYSIS FOR ELECTRICAL MOTOR'S COOLING SYSTEM WITH AUTODESK SIMULATION CFD 2013 PROGRAM
Authors: Madej Jerzy , Będkowski Bartłomiej 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In the article the analysis of airflow through electrical motor was conducted and optimal design solution was chosen in order to increase cooling efficiency. Numerical simulations allow to determine the areas of temperature occurrence which may have destructive influence on electrical motor parts and on its safe operation. The numerical calculations of airflow was carried out for two different types of fans as well as for two different housings. An analysis of the construction was carried out by CFD method using Autodesk Simulation CFD 2013. Community results of the analysis, we can conclude that the better solution for machines with fixed direction of rotation is to use instead of the radial the axial fan. For axial fan the motor temperature in the same condition was lower by about 5°C.
EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT AND PLASMA NITRIDING ON CORROSION RESISTANCE OF 440B MARTENSITIC STAINLESS STEEL
Authors: Łępicka Magdalena , Grądzka-Dahlke Małgorzata 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Reliability and durability assurance poses a serious challenge for surgical instruments manufacturers. Hard working conditions, such as intermittent contact with body fluids and hard bone tissues, as well as necessity to undergo frequent sterilisation processes, induce constant research into solutions capable of ensuring high wear resistance while maintaining satisfactory imperviousness to corrosion. Plasma nitriding is marked as the modern corrosion resistance improving method suitable for surgical instruments steels. The paper presents findings from the heat treated and plasma nitrided AISI 440B (PN EN or DIN X90CrMoV18) steel corrosion resistance studies. Three conventionally heat treated (quenched with tempering in 250, 390 or 605°C) and three additionally plasma nitrided in N2:H2 reaction gas mixture (50:50, 35:65 and 20:80 ratio, respectively) specimens groups were examined. Furthermore, the authors evaluated the effect of machining - polishing and sandblasting - on investigated steel corrosion resistance. Microscopic observations and electrochemical corrosion tests were performed using a variety of analytical techniques. Results showed that, in comparison to conventional heat treatment, plasma nitriding of 440B stainless steel does not significantly affect its corrosive characteristics as far as the uniform nitride layer over the entire detail surface is obtained. The layer heterogeneity results in intensification of corrosion processes, making the material even more susceptible to corrosion than after conventional heat treatment, and contributing to severe, visible even with the unaided eye damages development.
ANALYSIS OF TRIBOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN THE INKING UNIT OF THE OFFSET PRINTING MACHINE
Authors: Pyryev Yuriy , Piętak Zofia Maria 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In this paper is proposed the mathematical description of the temperature distribution resulting from the friction between the two inking rollers (one of which is made off steel and the second one has elastic layer) in the offset printing machine. So-called in printing industry steel vibrator roller perform simultaneously rotary and reciprocating motion. This reciprocating motion is the main source of the heat generation. Using the Laplace transform method for heat conduction equations with boundary conditions taking into account the real processes taking place in the inking unit in contact area we obtained and analyzed the solution that could be useful for determination and regulation of parameters in order to decrease time of process stabilization
Impact of Tin and Nickel on the Brazing Properties of Silver Filler Metals and on the Strength of Brazed Joints Made of Stainless Steels
Authors: Winiowski A. , Rózanski M. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The research involved vacuum tests of brazing properties of silver filler metals, containing tin as well as tin and nickel, and used in brazing of chromium X6Cr17 and chromium-nickel X6CrNiTi18-10 stainless steels. The research also involved testing the strength and structural properties of brazed joints made of these steels. The tests were conducted on filler metals (silver brazing alloys) B-Ag68CuSn-730/755 (Ag68Cu28Sn4) and B-Ag65CuSnNi-740/767 (Ag65Cu28Sn5Ni2) and also, for comparative purposes, on the filler metal B-Ag72Cu-780 (Ag 272 according to PN-EN ISO 17672), most commonly applied in the vacuum brazing of high alloyed stainless steels. The brazing properties of the filler metals were tested by determining their wettability by means of the spreadability method. The strength of brazed joints made of the stainless steels was examined in a shear test. Research-related structural tests involved light and electron microscopy with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The comparative analysis of the properties of the filler metals revealed the positive impact of tin and nickel on the spreadability and wettability of the silver brazing alloys as well as on the quality and the shear strength of brazed joints.
Effect of Synergic Controlled Pulsed and Manual Gas Metal ARC Welding Processes on Mechanical and Metallurgical Properties of AISI 430 Ferritic Stainless Steel
Authors: Teker T. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The gas metal arc is widely used in manufacturing industries because of the high metal deposition rate and ease of automation with better weld quality at permissible cost than other welding processes in joining similar and dissimilar metals. AISI 430 steel is normally difficult to weld by melting methods, due to the associated problems such as grain growth. For this purpose, AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel couples of 10 mm thick were welded by the synergic controlled pulsed (GMAW-P) and manual gas metal arc (GMAW) welding techniques. The interface appearances of the welded specimens were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Structural changes in the weld zone were analysed by energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). Microhardness, notch charpy and tensile tests were conducted to determine the mechanical properties of specimens. Accordingly, the best result was obtained from the GMAW-P technique.
Analysis of the New Solution of the Vibratory Conveyor
Authors: Czubak P. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
It was noticed, in industrial practice, that in typical vibratory conveyors suspended on the coil springs system and driven by two self-synchronising vibrators their dissynchronisation can lead to local elevations of loose feed and in extreme cases to the arrestment of a feed flow from the machine or even to the reversal of its transportation direction along the body. The new structural solution of the vibratory conveyor which, in spite of disphasing of vibrators, enables the feed material transport along the trough with a constant velocity, was presented and analysed in the paper
Mathematical Modelling of the High Frequency Vibrations During Cold Rolling Process
Authors: Światoniowski A. , Bar O. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The study explores the model of high-frequency vibrations during the continuous rolling processes, the underlying assumption being that vibrations are self-excited. The effects of rolling stand and rolling process parameters on the nature and intensity of vibrations are investigated. The appearance of darkened streaks occurring on the metal sheet is explained. The results are compared with the data quoted in literature on the subject.
The Effect of Secondary Metalworking Processes on Susceptibility of Aircraft to Catastrophic Failures and Prevention Methods
Authors: Dzidowski E.S. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The causes of plane crashes, stemming from the subcritical growth of fatigue cracks, are examined. It is found that the crashes occurred mainly because of the negligence of the defects arising in the course of secondary metalworking processes. It is shown that it is possible to prevent such damage, i.e. voids, wedge cracks, grain boundary cracks, adiabatic shear bands and flow localization, through the use of processing maps indicating the ranges in which the above defects arise and the ranges in which safe deformation mechanisms, such as deformation in dynamic recrystallization conditions, superplasticity, globularization and dynamic recovery, occur. Thanks to the use of such maps the processes can be optimized by selecting proper deformation rates and forming temperatures.
Forming Limit Diagram of the AMS 5599 Sheet Metal
Authors: Fracz W. , Stachowicz F. , Trzepieciński T. , Pieją T. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Formability of sheet metal is dependent on the mechanical properties. Some materials form better than others - moreover, a material that has the best formability for one stamping may behave very poorly in a stamping of another configuration. For these reasons, extensive test programs are often carried out in an attempt to correlate material formability with value of some mechanical properties. The formability of sheet metal has frequently been expressed by the value of strain hardening exponent and plastic anisotropy ratio. The stress-strain and hardening behaviour of a material is very important in determining its resistance to plastic instability. However experimental studies of formability of various materials have revealed basic differences in behaviour, such as the ”brass-type” and the ”steel-type”, exhibiting respectively, zero and positive dependence of forming limit on the strain ratio. In this study mechanical properties and the Forming Limit Diagram of the AMS 5599 sheet metal were determined using uniaxial tensile test and Marciniak’s flat bottomed punch test respectively. Different methods were used for the FLD calculation - results of these calculations were compared with experimental results
The Analysis of Stress States in Steel Rods Surfaced by Welding
Authors: Winczek J. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In work is presented a method of calculating elasto-plastic states in thermally loaded rods, which takes into account phase transformations that occur during surfacing by welding. Kinetics of phase transformations during heating and cooling is limited by temperature values at the beginning and at the end of austenitic transformation, while the progress of phase transformations during cooling is determined on the basis of TTT-welding diagram, basing on Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolomogorov law for diffusional transformations and Koistinen-Marburger for martensitic transformation. Stress state of a bar subjected to thermo-mechanical loads is described assuming the planar cross section hypothesis and using integral equations of stress equilibrium of a bar as well as simple Hook’s law. Dependence of stresses from strains is assumed on the basis of tensile curves of particular structures, taking into account the influence of temperature. Computations of strains and stresses are investigated in a rod made of S235 steel, loaded by thermal fields generated by a point welding heat source of different intensities. The analysis of origination and development of plastic strains is carried out. In order to verify correctness of the model, experimental tests are carried out on a rod made of S235 steel surfaced with GMA method with geometry and welding parameters assumed in numerical simulations. Residual stresses, calculated taking into account phase transformations and for homogenous material model, are compared with experimental results.
The Effect of Nano SiO2 Particle Size Distribution on Rheological Behaviour of Shear Thickening Fluids
Authors: Idźkowska A. , Szafran M. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In present work the influence of particle size distribution on the dilatant effect of shear thickening fluid was investigated. As a ceramic powder a mixture of silicas 200 and 7 nm in ratio 95:5, 90:10, 85:15, 80:20, 75:25, 50:50 was used. A dispersing agent was poly (propylene glycol) of a molecular weight of 425 g/mol. The as prepared slurries were examined on a rotational rheometer Kinexus Pro with a plate-plate measuring system at room temperature, where the viscosity as a function of shear rate was investigated. The measurement showed that by partially replacing greater particle size by smaller one, it is possible to shift the onset of shear thickening to the higher value of shear rate, however, the decreases of dilatant effect is observed. The influence of particle size distribution on a maximum volume fraction also was investigated. The maximum volume fraction which was passible to obtain was 35 vol%.
Photothermal Transformation In Heterogeneous Semiconductors Structures Under Its Pulse Laser Irradiation: Role Of Electron-Hole Diffusion
Authors: Isaiev M. , Kuryliuk V. , Kuzmich A. , Burbelo R. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In this paper photothermal transformation in semiconductor structures with modified properties of subsurface layer under its irradiation by pulse laser (~10 ns) radiation was analyzed. It was show that the presence of this surface modified layer leads to increasing of surface temperature in comparison with homogeneous case. Moreover, this increasing could even compensate the temperature decreasing induced by thermal source redistribution caused by charge carrier diffusion.