bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WDR45-related encephalopathy mimicking Leigh syndrome associated with complex I deficiency: a case report
Authors: Ardissone Anna , Ferrera Giulia , Derderian Kevork , Izzo Rossella , Gnutti Barbara , Legati Andrea , Zorzi Giovanna Simonetta , Lamantea Eleonora , Iuso Arcangela 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Pathogenic WDR45 variants cause neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) including β-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration, characterized by developmental delay (DD), ataxia and extrapyramidal signs.
Our proband presented at 22 months with DD and now, aged 7, shows intellectual disability, ataxia and movement disorder. MRI is compatible with Leigh syndrome, a mitochondrial disorder (MD) phenotype, without evident brain iron accumulation. A reduction of respiratory chain complex I (cI) and complex II (cII) were found in muscle and fibroblasts, but a primary MD was excluded. Exome sequencing revealed a WDR45 pathogenic variant. Autophagy flux revealed a mildly reduced p62 response in fibroblasts.
Our report suggests, for the first time, a possible role of WDR45 in the assembly and enzymatic activity of cI and thus mitochondrial impairment as a potential pathophysiological BPAN mechanism.
We recommend considering WDR45-related NDDs in the differential diagnosis of early-onset neurodevelopmental disorders, especially Leigh-like encephalopathies with cI deficiency,even without brain iron accumulation.
A scoping review on the contribution of interprofessional collaborative practices on preventing and managing post-partum haemorrhage in the health care system
Authors: Zenani Nombulelo , Tulelo Patience Mashudu , Netshisaulu Khathu , Sepeng Nombulelo , Musie Maurine , Gundo Rodwell , Mulaudzi Fhumulani 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Post partum haemorrhage (PPH) is one of the complications that leads to increased morbidity and mortality management is interdependent on various healthcare professions acting according to promote safe and quality outcomes. This scoping review aims to explore and synthesise literature regarding the contribution of interprofessional collaboration practices in preventing and managing post-partum haemorrhage.
Design:
The review adopted a scoping review which is underpinned by a framework by Arksey and O’Malley that has five stages. Four databases were searched for sources: CINHAL, Scopus, PubMed, and Medline. Only English full-text written articles, across various research designs published between 2000–2024, were part of the inclusion criteria for the review.
Results
The review has shown that effective interprofessional collaboration has the potential of ensuring prompt diagnosis and management of PPH where the results ensure positive patient and team dynamics outcomes. Moreover, interprofessional collaboration in managing PPH safeguards good use of resource utilisation and team synergy where the is awareness of each healthcare professional roles, mutual trust and respect and shared leadership.
Conclusion
Preventing post-partum haemorrhage depends on high effective interprofessional collaboration. As a means of promoting safe healthcare delivery when PPH emergency occur, interprofessional collaboration practices is encouraged to be strengthened through various measures. Either through interprofessional collaboration quality improvement initiatives or interprofessional situ simulation training.
Sacubitril/valsartan attenuated myocardial inflammation, fibrosis, apoptosis and promoted autophagy in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity mice via regulating the AMPKα-mTORC1 signaling pathway
Authors: Hu Feng , Yan Senbo , Li Lin , Qiu Xiaoxia , Lin Xinghe , Wang Weiwei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background This study aimed to investigate the potential cardio-protective effects of sacubitril/valsartan (Sac/Val) in mice with doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiomyopathy, a common manifestation of cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) associated with DOX. Methods A total of 24 mice were equally classified into 4 groups; control group, DOX (total 24 mg/kg), Sac/Val (80 mg/kg), and Sac/Val + DOX (Sac/Val was given from seven day before doxorubicin administration). Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes was exposed to 5 µM of DOX for 6 hin vitroto mimic thein vivoconditions. A variety of techniques were used to investigate cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy, including western blot, real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), immunohistochemistry, and fluorescence. Results Mice with Dox-induced cardiotoxicity displayed impaired systolic and diastolic function, characterized by elevated levels of cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, apoptosis, and autophagy inhibition in the heart. Treatment with Sac/Val partially reversed these effects. In comparison to the control group, the protein expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, Collagen I, bax, cleaved caspase-3, and P62 were significantly increased, while the protein expression of bcl-2 and LC3-II were significantly decreased in the myocardial tissues of the Dox-induced cardiomyopathy group. The administration of Sac/Val demonstrated the potential to partially reverse alterations in protein expression within the myocardium of mice with Dox-induced cardiotoxicity by modulating the AMPKα-mTORC1 signaling pathway and suppressing oxidative stress. Additionally, Sac/Val treatment may mitigate Dox-induced apoptosis and inhibition of autophagy in primary cardiomyocytes. Conclusion Sac/Val seems to be cardio-protective against Dox-induced cardiotoxicity in pretreatment mice model. These findings could be attributed to the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and de-autophagy effects of Sac/Val through regulation of the AMPKα-mTORC1 signaling pathway.
Friction welding of 42CrMo medium carbon steel and 36Mn2V alloy steel: Effects of forging pressure and post-weld heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties
Authors: Lu Tian , Li Wenya , Wang Chuanliu , Tian Dongzhuang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

42CrMo medium carbon steel and 36Mn2V alloy steel were successfully jointed using continuous drive friction welding. The effects of forging pressure and post-weld heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of joints were investigated in detail. Results reveal that with increasing the forging pressure, the tensile and yield strength increase firstly and then decrease. The as-welded joint with the highest yield strength (708 MPa), largest elongation (14.2%), and high impact toughness (57.24 J) were obtained with the 35MPa forging pressure. After post-weld heat treatment, the joint yield strength, elongation, and impact toughness were increased to 798 MPa, 18.1%, and 71.02 J, respectively. The microhardness measurement results indicate that the as-welded joints show higher Vicker hardness than the two base metals. After post-weld heat treatment, the microhardness was decreased owing to martensite elimination. The above findings provide a basis for the implementation of friction welding of dissimilar steels used for drills in the coal-mining industry.
Microbial community structure and metabolic characteristics in the five different hadal trenches
Authors: Jing Hongmei , Liu Hao , Xiao Yao , Wu Ziying , Li Xuegong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Microbial community growth efficiency, the ratio of production to substrate assimilated, could provide insights into carbon flow among microbes and the regulation of marine biogeochemical cycles. However, by far microbial metabolic characters were largely undetermined in the deep hadal trench. Here, the structural and metabolism characteristics of microbial communities in five different trenches were investigated using Illumina high-throughput sequencing and quantitative PCR, as well as incubation with the 3H-leucine incorporation method and electron transport system. The community structure and diversity in the trenches located in different hemispheres were significantly different, with significantly higher of diversity and gene abundance appear in the northern and southern hemispheres, respectively. Depth, TOC and TP were identified as key factors. Cooperative relationship existed among different microbial groups as demonstrated by the co-occurrence network and Pearson correlation analysis. The respiration rates were significantly higher in the northern hemisphere than those in the southern hemisphere under atmospheric pressure. The prokaryotic growth efficiencies (PGE) were significantly higher under atmospheric pressure than under high hydrostatic pressure, this negative effect possibly because carbon flow was more inclined to maintain respiration under high hydrostatic pressure. This study represented the first comprehensive investigation of the microbial community structure and metabolic characteristics of sediments in different trenches, providing a preliminary insight into the processes and efficiency of microbial-driven carbon cycles in the deep biosphere.
Numerical simulation of optimum groyne arrangement for preventing bank erosion (Case study of Ghezel-Ozan River)
Authors: Chabokpour Jafar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This paper will discuss the optimum groyne configuration for preventing bank erosion alongside the Ghezel-Ozan River in Iran through advanced numerical simulations. The research used FLOW3D software to investigate the effects of spacing, lengths, the number, and the orientation of groins on flow patterns and erosion potential. In this regard, some key hydrodynamic parameters, such as Turbulent Kinetic Energy, Overall Flow Velocity, and Froude Number, are analyzed to quantify the efficacy of various groyne arrangements. The study area, belonging to the Eshtibin region of East Azarbaijan Province, is a 3-kilometer segment of the river, with a design flood discharge of 1435 m3/s for a 25-year return period. Coupled with detailed mesh (with 800,000 elements) and bathymetric data, this numerical model is to be used to represent as exactly as possible the morphology of the river. In this study, there are four groyne placement scenarios, showing the effect of number of groynes (4 or 7 units), spacing intervals (2.8 and 3.6 times the groyne length), and angular orientation (perpendicular and 30 degrees downstream). The results indicate that, upon the introduction of groynes, there are prominent changes in flow patterns and velocity distributions; therefore, this offers an avenue for erosion control. The study reveals that the optimal groyne configuration is dependent on site-specific conditions and design objectives, such as 4 number of groynes with 30 degrees orientation, stating tailored approaches are very important in river management strategies.
Impact of naso-jejunal tube enteral nutrition support on clinical outcomes and prognosis in patients with severe acute pancreatitis
Authors: Chen Maojian , Yu Guopan , Chen Ju , Mei Mingqiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The aim was to investigate the effects of enteral nutrition support by naso-jejunal tube on the duration of hospitalization, infection, cost, and clinical prognosis in patients with SAP. Patients were allocated into the treatment group, receiving naso-jejunal tube feeding, or the control group that underwent total parenteral nutrition therapy. Naso-jejunal tube enteral nutrition support started within 48 hours of hospital admission. We compared differences in general clinical data before admission, including primary outcomes and secondary outcomes after treatment. A total of 332 patients with SAP were enrolled and general clinical data, such as age, sex, and etiology, were similar in both groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, the time to disappear of abdominal pain and distension, fever, nausea and vomiting, peritoneal irritation signs were significantly shorter in the treated group. Furthermore, the mean hospitalization time, and the mean hospitalization and drug costs were significantly lower. Compared with the pretreatment period, the MOS item short from health survey (SF-36) scale scores were significantly improved in both groups after treatment (P < 0.001), but the SF-36 scale scores of patients in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group. Incidence of pancreatic necrotic infection and local complications, including pneumonia, bacteremia, and cholangitis was significantly lower compared to the control group. MOF and death in the treated group were also significantly lower. naso-jejunal tube enteral nutrition support can improve the nutritional status and quality of life of patients with SAP, and avoid the waste of medical resources.
Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation: β-Sitosterol Inhibits Cytokine Storm by Inducing Autophagy
Authors: Li Yue , Xu Jingyi , Li Hong , Xiao Xi , Yang Xi , Yi Cheng , Huang Ying 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

β-Sitosterol, a prominent phytosterol abundant in Chinese medicinal plants like Hemerocallis and Astragalus, possesses diverse beneficial properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-oxidative effects. Despite these recognized benefits, its precise anti-inflammatory mechanism remains elusive. In our investigation, we explored β-Sitosterol's impact on immune responses. In vitro experiments utilizing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages demonstrated significant suppression of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production alongside reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, indicating its potential as an anti-inflammatory agent. Transitioning to in vivo experiments, β-Sitosterol effectively attenuated cytokine storm (CS), characterized by pulmonary inflammatory infiltration and elevated IL-6, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and TNF-α levels. Autophagy, a pivotal cellular process in anti-inflammatory responses, emerged as a potential mediator of β-Sitosterol's action, as indicated by network pharmacology analyses. Molecular investigations revealed that β-Sitosterol promoted autophagic activity by enhancing the conversion of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 I (LC3I) to LC3II and facilitating p62 degradation. Notably, inhibition of autophagy reversed β-Sitosterol's anti-inflammatory effects, highlighting its dependence on this process. Furthermore, molecular docking studies unveiled stable binding between β-Sitosterol and the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), suggesting its potential modulation of CS through IGF1R. In summary, β-Sitosterol could exert anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting IGF1R activity and enhancing autophagy, offering insights into its therapeutic potential and paving the way for novel disease-targeting formulations.
Blood Pressure Measurement Technique in Clinical Practice
Authors: Delles Christian , Setjiadi Dellaneira , Geddes Colin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Blood pressure (BP) measurement is a common procedure conducted in various disciplines and widely available on clinical reports. The diagnosis and management of hypertension requires reliable measurement of BP in outpatient clinics. Published studies suggest the standardised method for BP measurement is difficult to apply in routine clinical practice.
This study aimed to assess the current practice of BP measurement in outpatient clinics in relevant secondary care clinical specialties across the 15 separate hospital sites of the NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde region (population 1.2 million) compared to the recommended standardised method.
An online questionnaire was developed and disseminated to the supervising clinician of each of 268 regular outpatient clinics. The questionnaire focused on the standardised BP method (patient preparation, environment, and BP measurement technique).
The questionnaire was returned for 110 clinics. 73 (66.4%) of the participating clinics measure BP routinely and these formed the basis for further analysis. 3 clinics (4.1%) apply all components of the standardised BP method. 5 (6.9%) clinics deliver advice to patients prior to clinic attendance on how to prepare for BP measurement. 61 (83.6%) of participating clinics have a dedicated quiet environment for BP measurement. 50 (68.5%) clinics always place the cuff on bare upper arm and 63.0% use a cuff size appropriate to upper arm circumference.
In a wide range of secondary care out-patient clinic settings we found that BP measurement rarely adheres to the recommended standards. This has important implications for the quality of treatment decisions that are based on BP measurement.
Distribution of SCoT-Based Populations Depict Genotypic Diversity of Six Stevia Germlines in Egypt
Authors: Hashem Mai M. , Eissa Rafat A. , AbouEldahab AbdelRahman A. , ElDoliefy Ahmed ElFatih A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The quick response (QR) codes produce unique patterns based on the black and white spots distribution. If germlines were ordered vertically in columns and alleles horizontally in rows, the presence (+ 1) and absence (0) of alleles could respectively be considered as the black and white spots. Consequently, the vertical and horizontal differential distribution of these black and white spots in a genotype can produce unique QR-like patterns (QRLP). The variation among these QRLP depends on the composition of alleles resembling the genetics embedded in the DNA. Accordingly, six stevia germlines were genotyped using 14 SCoT primers that generated 1320 allelic forms with 3.26% and 1.06% of uniquely positive and negative effects; respectively. Of the 1320 alleles (83.41% of polymorphs), 220 polymorphs encompassed 180–185 alleles representing the population size of effective interacting alleles (ne). The genetic diversity of SCoT was averaged across the observed number of alleles (Mean = 0.174; StDev = 0.44) and varied (Mean = 1.5; StDev = 0.35). Correspondingly, the Nei’s gene diversity (h) of observed heterozygosity (Mean = 0.27; StDev = 0.18) and the Shannon index (Mean = 0.41; StDev = 0.26) were different. Therefore, the gene/allele frequency that was discovered among the populations of SCoT loci varied (0.17, 0.33, 0.5, 0.67, 0.83, and 1). The dominant SCoT, in the current study, along with the unweighted pair-group of arithmetic average (UPGMA) analysis concluded four interacting ancestors configuring the genetics in the six stevia germlines. The study can be considered the first showing the SCoT marker as the best QRLP producer exclaiming the differential diversity despite the size of genotyped alleles.
A comparison of Chinese wild and cultivar soybean with European soybean collections on genetic diversity by Genome-Wide Scan
Authors: Xu Jiangyuan , Yao Xindong , Lu Yuqing , Leopold Rittler , Gu Yongzhe , Yuan Ming , Zhang Yong , Sun Rujian , Xue Yongguo , Liu Yeli , Han Dezhi , Wang Jinxing , Gao Huawei , Liu Zhangxiong , Qiu Lijuan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Although soybeans (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) originated in China and have spread worldwide, artificial selection for different breeding targets and methods in various regions can alter the genetic makeup of soybeans, enabling them to adapt to different environments. China has established a soybean germplasm gene bank that stores over 30,000 soybean germplasms from all over the world, but it contains few modern European varieties. The selective sweep analysis is an effective method for evaluating genetic diversity among populations and subpopulations. To compare the genetic diversity between Chinese and European germplasms, we genotyped 797 European varieties, 804 Chinese elite cultivars and landraces, and 54 Chinese wild varieties using the ZDX1 array, respectively. An analysis of 158,315 SNPs demonstrated a higher genetic diversity in Chinese wild soybeans and cultivars. Moreover, population structure findings indicated that European varieties possess partial Chinese ancestry. The joint analysis of pi, FST and XP-CLR identified 140 selected regions between Chinese and European germplasms in total. Specifically, the Chinese collection had 124 regions distributed across 15 chromosomes, while the European collection had 16 regions spread over 10 chromosomes. The QTLs identified within these selected regions highlight the significant differences in breeding targets across regions, providing a scientific basis for both Chinese and European breeders to utilize these germplasm resources.
An Efficient FLI-KDMSSA Framework for Computing Resource Allocation of IoV in Edge Computing
Authors: Hsieh Chao-Hsien , Xu Fengya , Yao Xinyu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The combination of Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) and Internet of Vehicles (IoV) can effectively improve the network performance. However, the mobility of vehicles and the diversity of tasks make the allocation of computing resources more complex. When the vehicle is in motion, its position can change at any time. This can result in overload of the edge servers. Meanwhile, vehicle tasks are sensitive to latency. It makes resource allocation within edge servers more difficult. In order to solve the above problems, this article proposes a FLI-KDMSSA framework for rational allocation of computing resources in the Internet of Vehicles. First, Fuzzy Logic Inference (FLI) algorithm is used in this framework to determine the computing nodes of IoV tasks in edge computing scenarios. This algorithm uses task length, edge server virtual machine utilization, and cloud bandwidth as parameters to establish fuzzy rules. Then, with the objective function of minimizing latency and load balancing values, this paper proposes a Discrete Multi-objective Sparrow Search Algorithm based on K-means (KDMSSA) to solve the virtual machine resource allocation scheme. The experiment is simulated on the iFogSim platform. To compare with PSO algorithm, the performance of KDMSSA is improved by 12.7%. To compare with SSA, the performance of KDMSSA is improved by 7.7%.
Social and Psychological Complexity Among Adolescents Living with HIV in Targeted Treatment Health Facilities in Kwara State, Nigeria – A Qualitative Study
Authors: Atibioke Oluyemi Peter , Oyasope Beatrice Tomisin , Ojomo Oluwaseun Ayoola 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background There is growing concern about the rising prevalence of HIV infection among adolescents and young people worldwide and the various challenges that accompany living with HIV among this population. This study investigated the social and psychological complexities of adolescents living with HIV in selected treatment health facilities in Kwara State, Nigeria. Methods Study adopted qualitative data collection method with six focus group discussions (FGDs) conducted across three health facilities, three sessions each for both males and females. Discussions were conducted in English and Yoruba languages, audio-recorded, transcribed, and translated into English. Content analysis was performed using MAXQDA Analytic Pro 2020. Results A total of 44 participants, comprising 24 males and 20 females aged 10 to 19, participated in the FGDs. More than ninety percent of the adolescents had not disclosed their HIV status to anyone beyond the health care providers, their parents/caregivers, and a few immediate family members. Keeping their HIV status private helped mitigate stigma and discrimination. Common immediate reactions to status disclosure to the adolescents included sadness, hopelessness, and bitterness. However, Operation Triple Zero program, which offered peer-to-peer learning and effective mental health services has been very effective and helpful. Also, sexual risk behavior is still high among sexually active adolescents despite their HIV-positive status. Conclusion Adolescents living with HIV face numerous social and psychological challenges, including sadness about their HIV-positive status. This exposes them to various mental health disorders. However, Operation Triple Zero has been acknowledged as the most effective platform for meeting their psychosocial needs.