bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and application of coal gangue sorting system based on deep learning
Authors: Zhang Kun , Wang Zhen , Zhang Zengbao , Shi Zhiyuan , Qi Yuhao , Du Mingchao , Chen Yong , Liu Tijun , Chen Yumeng , Yin Zhuang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWith the advancement of science and technology, coal-washing plants are transitioning to intelligent, information-based, and professional sorting systems. This shift accelerates the construction a modern economic system characterized by green and low-carbon development, thereby promoting the high-quality advancement of the coal industry. Traditional manual gangue picking and multi-axis robotic arm gangue selection currently suffer from low recognition accuracy, slow sorting efficiency, and high worker labor intensity. This paper proposes a deep learning-based, non-contact gangue recognition and pneumatic intelligent sorting system. The system constructs a dynamic database containing key feature information such as the target gangue's contour, quality, and center of mass. The system elucidates the relationships between ejection speed, mass, volume, angle of incidence, and the impact energy matching mechanism. Demonstration experiments using the system prototype for coal gangue sorting reveal that, compared to existing robotic arm sorting methods in coal washing plants, this system achieves a gangue identification accuracy exceeding 97%, a sorting rate above 91%, and a separation time of less than 3 s from identification to separation, thereby effectively enhancing raw coal purity.
The hard life of an octopus embryo is seen through gene expression, energy metabolism, and its ability to neutralize radical oxygen species
Authors: Ramos-Rodríguez Sadot , Ortega-Ramírez Karen , Méndez-Can Luisa , Galindo-Sánchez Clara , Galindo-Torres Pavel , Ventura-López Claudia , Mascaro´ Maite , Caamal-Monsreal Claudia , Rodríguez Gabriela , Díaz Fernando , Rosas Carlos 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe reproductive process in Octopus maya was analyzed to establish the amount of reactive oxygen species that the embryos inherit from females, during yolk synthesis. At the same time, respiratory metabolism, ROS production, and the expression of some genes of the antioxidant system were monitored to understand the ability of embryos to neutralize maternal ROS and those produced during development. The results indicate that carbonylated proteins and peroxidized lipids (LPO) were transferred from females to the embryos, presumably derived from the metabolic processes carried out during yolk synthesis in the ovary. Along with ROS, females also transferred to embryos glutathione (GSH), a key element of the antioxidant defense system, thus facilitating the neutralization of inherited ROS and those produced during development. Embryos are capable of neutralizing ROS thanks to the early expression of genes such as catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), which give rise to the synthesis of enzymes when the circulatory system is activated. Also, it was observed that the levels of the routine metabolic rate of embryos are almost as high as those of the maximum activity metabolism, which leads, on the one hand, to the elevated production of ROS and suggests that, at this stage of the life cycle in octopuses, energy production is maximum and is physically limited by the biological properties inherent to the structure of embryonic life (oxygen transfer through the chorion, gill surface, pumping capacity, etc.). Due to its role in regulating vascularization, a high expression of HIf-1A during organogenesis suggests that circulatory system development has begun in this phase of embryo development. The results indicate that the routine metabolic rate and the ability of O. maya embryos to neutralize the ROS are probably the maximum possible. Under such circumstances, embryos cannot generate more energy to combat the free radicals produced by their metabolism, even when environmental factors such as high temperatures or contaminants could demand excess energy.
Microbial and physicochemical changes in green bell peppers treated with ultrasonic-assisted washing in combination with Thymus vulgaris essential oil nanocapsules
Authors: Akbari Saiede , Radi Mohsen , Hosseinifarahi Mehdi , Amiri Sedigheh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, the effect of Thymus vulgaris essential oil (TVO) nanoemulsion (NE, 500 mg/L) in combination with ultrasound (ultrasound-NE) on the microbial and physiological quality of green bell pepper was investigated. The TVO-NE droplet size and zeta potential were 84.26 nm and − 0.77 mV, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the TVO and TVO-NE against E. coli and S. aureus were about 0.07 and 7 g/L, respectively. The NE-ultrasound treatment exhibited the lowest peroxidase activity and respiration rate with no detrimental effect on texture, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, pH, and TSS. Although the NE-ultrasound treatment showed the highest weight loss and electrolytic leakage, it exhibited the best visual color and appearance. The NE-ultrasound treatment descended the total viable/mold and yeast counts significantly compared to control. Results showed that treating the bell peppers with NE-ultrasound can result in bell peppers with good postharvest quality and extended shelf life.
Prediction of protein secondary structure by the improved TCN-BiLSTM-MHA model with knowledge distillation
Authors: Zhao Lufei , Li Jingyi , Zhan Weiqiang , Jiang Xuchu , Zhang Biao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSecondary structure prediction is a key step in understanding protein function and biological properties and is highly important in the fields of new drug development, disease treatment, bioengineering, etc. Accurately predicting the secondary structure of proteins helps to reveal how proteins are folded and how they function in cells. The application of deep learning models in protein structure prediction is particularly important because of their ability to process complex sequence information and extract meaningful patterns and features, thus significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of prediction. In this study, a combined model integrating an improved temporal convolutional network (TCN), bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM), and a multi-head attention (MHA) mechanism is proposed to enhance the accuracy of protein prediction in both eight-state and three-state structures. One-hot encoding features and word vector representations of physicochemical properties are incorporated. A significant emphasis is placed on knowledge distillation techniques utilizing the ProtT5 pretrained model, leading to performance improvements. The improved TCN, achieved through multiscale fusion and bidirectional operations, allows for better extraction of amino acid sequence features than traditional TCN models. The model demonstrated excellent prediction performance on multiple datasets. For the TS115, CB513 and PDB (2018–2020) datasets, the prediction accuracy of the eight-state structure of the six datasets in this paper reached 88.2%, 84.9%, and 95.3%, respectively, and the prediction accuracy of the three-state structure reached 91.3%, 90.3%, and 96.8%, respectively. This study not only improves the accuracy of protein secondary structure prediction but also provides an important tool for understanding protein structure and function, which is particularly applicable to resource-constrained contexts and provides a valuable tool for understanding protein structure and function.
Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide is independently associated with cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Hayashida Hiroyuki , Haruyama Naoki , Fukui Akiko , Yoshitomi Ryota , Fujisawa Hironobu , Nakayama Masaru 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe association between B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and cardiovascular (CV) events and mortality has not been well characterized in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We prospectively investigated whether BNP was associated with CV events or mortality beyond cardiac alterations in 1078 patients with CKD. Participants were divided into the following 3 groups according to circulating BNP concentration: < 40 pg/mL, low; 40–100 pg/mL, middle; and > 100 pg/mL, high. Primary outcome was fatal or nonfatal CV events, and alternative outcome was a composite of fatal or nonfatal CV events, or non-CV deaths. During a median follow-up of 2.6 years, CV and composite events occurred in 158 and 248 participants, respectively. Cox analyses after adjustment for covariates, including cardiac parameters, showed that the hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for CV events of middle and high groups were 1.00 (0.63, 1.58) and 1.72 (1.06, 2.79), respectively, compared with low group. Additionally, similar results were obtained for composite events; the HRs (95% CIs) of middle and high groups were 1.10 (0.77, 1.57) and 1.54 (1.04, 2.27), respectively, compared with low group. Thus, in CKD, high BNP concentrations were independently associated with CV events and mortality, independent of cardiac alterations.
A multicenter study of long-term outcomes of relapsing polychondritis in Iran
Authors: Jafarpour Mehdi , Saberivand Maryam , Saemi Maryam , Sahebari Maryam , Seyedmardani Seyedmostafa , Salesi Mansour , Hosseinpoor Sarah , Faezi Tahereh , Esalatmanesh Kamal , Hajialilo Mehrzad , Kolahi Sousan , Myrfeizi Zahra , Khabbazi Alireza 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRelapsing polychondritis (RP) is a systemic immune mediated disease characterized by recurrent episodes of inflammation in various cartilage-rich areas. RP may cause extensive tissue destruction and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In this multicenter study, we considered the remission status and long-term outcomes of RP in patients who were followed-up in six referral rheumatology centers in Iran. Outcomes of disease was assessed by remission status and RP induced damage. A total of 29 patients with RP were examined for enrollment in the study, and 26 patients with a minimum follow-up period of 6 months were included in the RP outcome analysis. Median time to control of symptoms and sustained remission were 5 and 23 weeks, respectively. Prednisolone was discontinued in 8 (30.8%) patients and medication-free remission was achieved in 7 (23.1%) patients. Regarding the disease course, 34.6% of patients had a relapsing–remitting course, 42.3% had a monophasic course, and 23.1% had an always-active course. Despite extensive treatment with immunosuppressive medications, RP induced damage was developed in 21 (80.8%) patients. Ear deformity and osteoporosis were the most common RP induced damage. Long-term remission and medications-free remission in RP is accessible. However, RP related damage occur in majority of patients.
Synchronous Eurasian heat extremes tied to boreal summer combined extratropical intraseasonal waves
Authors: Yang Jing , Zhu Tao , Vitart Frederic , Wang Bin , Xiang Baoqiang , Bao Qing , Lee June-Yi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHeat extremes frequently hit different regions synchronously during boreal summer over the Eurasian continent. A remarkable coupling is first revealed between Eurasian heat extreme occurrence and individual extratropical intraseasonal oscillation (EISO). Further, the combined EISOs facilitate and largely increase the occurrence probabilities of synchronous Eurasian heat extremes. These dominant combined EISOs together contribute 20–45% to the total heat extreme days over the five Eurasian regions where the climatological heat extremes occur most frequently. A multi-model hindcast further shows that the subseasonal prediction exhibits higher skills for synchronous heat extremes over the combined-EISO hotspot regions when the associated combined EISOs are active, supporting the notion that the monitoring and prediction of EISOs are crucial for heat extremes’ early warning. Skillful prediction of EISOs opens a pathway for heat extremes’ prediction by extending it from the weather to the subseasonal timescales.
Multi-omics machine learning to study host-microbiome interactions in early-onset colorectal cancer
Authors: Jayakrishnan Thejus T. , Sangwan Naseer , Barot Shimoli V. , Farha Nicole , Mariam Arshiya , Xiang Shao , Aucejo Federico , Conces Madison , Nair Kanika G. , Krishnamurthi Smitha S. , Schmit Stephanie L. , Liska David , Rotroff Daniel M. , Khorana Alok A. , Kamath Suneel D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (eoCRC) is rising, and its pathogenesis is not completely understood. We hypothesized that machine learning utilizing paired tissue microbiome and plasma metabolome features could uncover distinct host-microbiome associations between eoCRC and average-onset CRC (aoCRC). Individuals with stages I–IV CRC (n = 64) were categorized as eoCRC (age ≤ 50, n = 20) or aoCRC (age ≥ 60, n = 44). Untargeted plasma metabolomics and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing (microbiome analysis) of tumor tissue were performed. We fit DIABLO (Data Integration Analysis for Biomarker Discovery using Latent variable approaches for Omics studies) to construct a supervised machine-learning classifier using paired multi-omics (microbiome and metabolomics) data and identify associations unique to eoCRC. A differential association network analysis was also performed. Distinct clustering patterns emerged in multi-omic dimension reduction analysis. The metabolomics classifier achieved an AUC of 0.98, compared to AUC 0.61 for microbiome-based classifier. Circular correlation technique highlighted several key associations. Metabolites glycerol and pseudouridine (higher abundance in individuals with aoCRC) had negative correlations with Parasutterella, and Ruminococcaceae (higher abundance in individuals with eoCRC). Cholesterol and xylitol correlated negatively with Erysipelatoclostridium and Eubacterium, and showed a positive correlation with Acidovorax with higher abundance in individuals with eoCRC. Network analysis revealed different clustering patterns and associations for several metabolites e.g.: urea cycle metabolites and microbes such as Akkermansia. We show that multi-omics analysis can be utilized to study host-microbiome correlations in eoCRC and demonstrates promising biomarker potential of a metabolomics classifier. The distinct host-microbiome correlations for urea cycle in eoCRC may offer opportunities for therapeutic interventions.
Life and death of a thin liquid film
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Rizwanur , Shen Li , Ewen James P. , Heyes David M. , Dini Daniele , Smith Edward R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThin films, bubbles and membranes are central to numerous natural and engineering processes, i.e., in solar cells, coatings, biosensors, foams, and emulsions. Yet, the characterization and understanding of their rupture is limited by the scarcity of atomic detail. We present here the complete life-cycle of freely suspended films using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of a simple atomic fluid free of surfactants and surface impurities, thus isolating the fundamental rupture mechanisms. We identified a short-term ‘memory’ by rewinding in time from a rupture event, extracting deterministic behaviors from apparent stochasticity. A comprehensive investigation of the key rupture-stages including both unrestrained and frustrated propagation is made—characterization of the latter leads to a first-order correction to the classical film-retraction theory. The highly resolved time window reveals that the different modes of the morphological development, typically characterized as nucleation and spinodal rupture, continuously evolve seamlessly with time from one into the other.
The effect of antibiotic selection on collateral effects and evolvability of uropathogenic Escherichia coli
Authors: James Beth , Reesaul Hishikha , Kashif Sidra , Behruznia Mahboobeh , Meehan Conor J. , Domingo-Sananes Maria Rosa , Hubbard Alasdair T. M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTrimethoprim is recommended as a first-line treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in the UK. In 2018, 31.4% of Escherichia coli isolated from UTIs in England were trimethoprim-resistant, leading to overreliance on other first and second-line antibiotics. Here, we assessed whether, in principle, prior selection with trimethoprim results in collateral effects to other antibiotics recommended for the treatment of UTIs. As collateral effects, we considered changes in susceptibility, mutation-selection window and population establishment probability. We selected 10 trimethoprim-resistant derivatives from three clinical isolates of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. We found that mutations conferring trimethoprim resistance did not have any collateral effects on fosfomycin. In contrast, resistance to trimethoprim resulted in decreased susceptibility (collateral resistance) to nitrofurantoin, below the clinical breakpoint and narrowed the mutation-selection window, thereby reducing the maximum concentration for selection of nitrofurantoin resistance mutations. Our analyses demonstrate that multiple collateral responses should be accounted for when predicting and optimising antibiotic use, limiting future antimicrobial resistance emergence.
Nonlinear orbital and spin Edelstein effect in centrosymmetric metals
Authors: Baek Insu , Han Seungyun , Cheon Suik , Lee Hyun-Woo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNonlinear spintronics combines nonlinear dynamics with spintronics, opening up new possibilities beyond linear responses. A recent theoretical work [Xiao et al. Phys. Rev. Lett.130, 166302 (2023)] predicts the nonlinear generation of spin density [nonlinear spin Edelstein effect (NSEE)] in centrosymmetric metals based on symmetry analysis combined with first-principle calculation. This paper focuses on the fundamental role of orbital degrees of freedom for the nonlinear generation in centrosymmetric systems. Using a combination of tight-binding model and density functional theory calculations, we demonstrate that nonlinear orbital density can arise independently of spin–orbit coupling. In contrast, spin density follows through spin–orbit coupling. We further elucidate the microscopic mechanism responsible for this phenomenon, which involves the NSEE induced by electric-field-induced orbital Rashba texture. In addition, we also explore the potential applications of the nonlinear orbital and spin Edelstein effect for magnetic-field-free switching of magnetization.
In-plane hyperbolic phonon polaritons: materials, properties, and nanophotonic devices
Authors: Ma Yunxiu , Zhong Gang , Dai Zhigao , Ou Qingdong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn-plane hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) are phonon-mediated hybrid electromagnetic modes, particularly in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) crystals, which have attracted increasing attention because of their peculiar optical properties and promising nanophotonic applications. Here, we review the most recent advances in in-plane HPhPs in terms of materials, optical properties and nanophotonic devices. We begin with a survey of recently discovered in-plane anisotropic vdW materials and bulk crystals that naturally exhibit in-plane HPhPs. The fundamental properties of HPhPs in these anisotropic materials are then discussed, focusing on propagation directionality such as direction rotation, unidirectional excitation, canalization, negative reflection, and negative refraction. Finally, we discuss the present applications of in-plane HPhPs in nanophotonic devices and offer a perspective on future developments of in-plane HPhPs towards nanophotonic chips.
A CRISPR/Cas12a-powered gold/nickel foam surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy biosensor for nucleic acid specific detection in foods
Authors: Liu Yan , Gou Shirui , Qiu Long , Xu Zhiwen , Yang Haifeng , Yang Shiping , Zhao Yu 
Published: July 2024

AuNFs was used as a SERS substrate combined with CRISPR/Cas12a to achieve the specific detection of viral nucleic acids. At the same time, AuNFs could avoid the influence of Mg2+ in the CRISPR system in common SERS detection.
Modelling and optimisation of the surface‐mounted permanent magnet machine with multi‐level array magnets
Authors: Li Longxuan , Chen Zhaoliang , Zhao Wenliang , Diao Chengwu , Kwon Byung‐il 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn analytical and optimisation method is presented to improve the air‐gap magnetic field of the surface‐mounted permanent magnet machine with multi‐level array magnets, which can reduce air‐gap magnetic field harmonics and torque ripple. Different from the conventional analytical method (AM) around the entire single‐magnet pole, the modelling method of multi‐level equal‐thickness ferrite magnets with different remanences for improving the air‐gap flux density is investigated. Considering the influence of air‐gap relative permeability by stator slots and multi‐level magnet remanences on the air‐gap flux density, the proposed AM for improving air‐gap flux density is derived by analysing the slotless air‐gap flux density and slotted air‐gap relative permeability. The cogging torque is predicted with energy method by analysing the tangential magnetic field distribution at stator slots. Then, the back electromotive force is predicted by analysing the winding distribution and radial air‐gap flux density. Based on the proposed AM, the simulated annealing particle swarm optimisation algorithm is used by optimising the widths and thicknesses of the multi‐level array magnets to further reduce torque ripple and increase output torque. Finally, the accuracy of the proposed AM is verified by comparing with the finite element method.
Split‐source inverter with adaptive control scheme‐based shunt active power filter for power quality improvement
Authors: Barik Prasanta Kumar , Samal Sarita , Gupta Deepak Kumar , Appasani Bhargav , Jha Amitkumar V. , Islam Md. Minarul , Ustun Taha Selim 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlthough single‐stage inverters are popular for simpler design they face difficulties in shoot‐through mode operation. Insufficient DC voltage regulation and complicated LC network are principal drawbacks of these topologies. A new split source inverter (SSI) can solve problems with single‐stage inverters. In this paper, SSI replaced the voltage source inverter (VSI) of a shunt active power filter (SAPF) which alleviates power quality (PQ) issues in power system. Furthermore, a VSI‐based SAPF faces challenges to maintain consistent voltage across DC‐link capacitor, exactly compensating current generation, and switching loss reduction in inverter. This study examined efficacy of two inverter‐based SAPFs considering a modified synchronous reference frame approach for generating reference current; fuzzy logic controller for regulating DC‐link voltage; and adaptive fuzzy hysteresis current controller for generating switching pulses. Ideal and non‐ideal sources were considered when running the simulations for various load circumstances. The proposed SSI‐based SAPF with an advanced control approach can eradicate source current harmonics to 0.52% and 0.45% under ideal source conditions, and 0.65% and 0.54% under non‐ideal source conditions for non‐linear loads. Similarly, the ripples in the DC‐link voltage are also reduced to 2–3 V for the ideal case and 4–5 V for non‐ideal case.