bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Computing in an Exploration and Production Enterprise: Achieving Community Learning and Knowledge Transfer
Authors: Jenkins Chris , Lowe Trey , Mjema Fredrick 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Companies in the exploration and production (E&P) business often suffer from communication challenges as the enterprise grows. These businesses are typically an amalgamation of merged or acquired companies and organically grown assets. Whether the enterprise is organized along functional or asset-based lines, communication outside the normal bounds of the organization can be a challenge. Individuals and teams working on complex problems are often unable to harness all of the company's intellectual capital because their network of colleagues is limited to those colleagues they personally know.
In the last decade, the emergence of Web 2.0 has changed the way that people consume and share information. Visitors to websites are no longer merely consumers of content, but can create, add to, or modify content visible to other users. This shared online space has brought individuals together and enabled the exchange of ideas in ways not previously possible. Given the way that social media has changed the landscape of society, this technology holds great potential to change the way companies conduct their internal business as well.
Devon Energy evaluated the use of a Knowledge Network through a pilot project built on a foundation of commonly available software (Microsoft SharePoint). Participants were completions engineers with a wide range of experience, hailing from a variety of divisions and geographic locations. These engineers identified areas where social computing could be helpful, such as finding experts within the company, building relationships, sharing knowledge, asking questions, and rapidly assembling teams to address issues facing multiple divisions. Participants tested the tools against all of these scenarios, including team projects to address real completions engineering issues with material impact to the company.
Participant feedback and business results from the pilot project have resulted in the Knowledge Network being sanctioned for deployment not only in engineering disciplines, but for all areas of the company. Through the pilot process, we came to understand why previous knowledge management efforts had met with little success. The paper outlines the changes necessary to establish and maintain a culture of community learning, from organizational structure, to participant expectations, time and money invested, and even to management expectations of return on software investments.
A compact sunflower line produced after cross Helianthus annuus x Verbesina encelioides
Authors: Vassilevska-Ivanova Roumiana , Kraptchev Boris , Stancheva Ira , Geneva Maria 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Intergeneric cross was made between the cultivated sunflower inbred line HA89 and an accession of wild Verbesina encelioides tolerant to drought and high temperature. The line was a BC2F5 progeny. The most remarkable feature of the plants was their compact architecture due to short petiole length and also, rather specific bright-yellow inflorescences. Similar plant architecture did not exist in either the wild or the cultivated parent. For sunflower, it is considered as a favourable and potentially useful adaptive trait. The line was multi-branched of medium type branching and possessed good agronomic characteristics. The overall characteristics of HA-VERBENC line make it a useful plant material for research on wide hybridization.
The Luc2 gene enhances reliability of bicistronic assays
Authors: Mašek Tomáš , Vopalenský Václav , Pospíšek Martin 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Luciferases are prominent reporters in molecular and cellular biology investigations including miRNA target studies and the determination of Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES) activities in bicistronic assays. A majority of the current bicistronic vectors contain a firefly luciferase reporter as the second cistron. One reason for this is the presence of cryptic transcription start sites inside the luciferase gene. We present here an experimental evaluation of the cryptic transcription within the latest version of the firefly luciferase gene, luc2. Using flow cytometric analysis, we observed a negligible amount of cryptic transcriptional activity that was only slightly above the background of untransfected cells. Nevertheless, quantitative reverse transcription PCR experiments revealed a six-to-nine-fold gradual increase of transcription along the coding region of the gene. The level of cryptic transcription from the coding region of the improved luc2 firefly luciferase gene is significantly lower when compared to the luc+ gene. In summary, the luc2 better fulfills the requirements of bicistronic assays than the previous luc+ version. The observed low cryptic transcription activity in luc2 could be limiting only in cases where weak IRESs are studied.
Physiological and anatomical responses of wheat to induced dehydration and rehydration
Authors: Kocheva Konstantina , Petrov Peter , Georgiev Georgi 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Hydroponically grown wheat seedlings of two prominent Bulgarian cultivars (Katya and Prelom) were subjected to 48 h osmotic stress with PEG 8000 and were then rehydrated. The degree of stress was evaluated by monitoring relative water content, lipid peroxidation level, and accumulation of free proline and hydrogen peroxide in the leaves. Anatomy and ultrastructure of leaf tissue were observed under light microscopy. After imposition of stress, drought tolerant cultivar Katya displayed higher free proline content and significantly lower malondialdehyde and peroxide concentration in leaves than in the leaves of susceptible cultivar Prelom. After 24 h of rehydration Katya showed better ability to restore leaf water status and an apparent tendency towards recovery, whereas Prelom sustained higher levels of hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation products and free proline and markedly low relative water content. Here, we have uncovered some of the characteristics displayed by cultivar Katya that enable it to survive and recover from severe osmotic stress. Interestingly, there was congruence between our results and the high level of cultivar Katya drought tolerance observed in the field.
A practical introduction to microbial community sequencing
Authors: Chmolowska Dominika 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The use of molecular methods is gaining popularity throughout the field of microbial community ecology studies thanks to their flexibility of application, which ranges from community structure to function and trait determination. Nonetheless, there are environmental microbiologists, who are new in the field and are just starting to get to grips with the genetic tool box. It is for them that this practitioner’s mini-review was compiled. The methods available for microbial community structure analysis are discussed, after which, the reader is introduced to sequencing, as this tool is the most appropriate and has seen the greatest development in recent years. A focus on the practical aspects of the methodology is maintained throughout. The sample preparation procedure from extraction to sequencing is described. Different applications and considerations of sequencing are briefly explained, including clone library sequencing vs. amplicon library sequencing, shotgun-metagenomics vs. metatranscriptomics and the ‘double RNA approach’.
High genetic differentiation among wild populations of alien Medicago sativa in Lithuania
Authors: Vyšniauskienė Regina , Rančelienė Vida , Patamsytė Jolanta , Žvingila Donatas 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa; =M. sativa ssp. sativa) in Lithuania is sown as albuminous forage for cattle due to favourable climatic condition. Over many generations, alfalfa plants have escaped from cultivation fields into natural ecosystems and established wild populations. We collected and analyzed individuals from seventeen wild populations of M. sativa. Using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analyses, 117 RAPD and 64 ISSR reproducible and highly polymorphic (90.8% for RAPD and 86.3% for ISSR) loci were established. AMOVA showed a high genetic differentiation of M. sativa populations for both types of DNA markers utilized. According to RAPD markers, the genetic variability among populations was 63.1% and 57.0% when ISSR markers were used. Taken together, these results demonstrate that wild populations of M. sativa possess a high potential of genetic variability, that could potentially result in colonization of natural ecosystems. The UPGMA cluster analysis also showed that the DNA markers discovered in this study can distinguish between M. sativa and M. falcata (=M. sativa ssp. falcata) populations and therefore may be used to study the genetic impact of M. sativa on the native populations of M. falcata.
Acute Pain Treatment at Department of Traumatology
Authors: Kováčová B. , Foltánová T. , Kónya Š. , Ďurišová A. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe aim of this retrospective study was to characterize the acute pain management in patients admitted to Department of Traumatology and to identify the efficacy of analgesic pharmacotherapy. The study involved 83 patients divided into two groups: 52 patients (63%) in Group 1 underwent operation; the remaining 31 patients (37%) in Group 2 had conservative treatment. The characteristics of the patients (diagnosis, analgesic therapy, age, comorbidities, drugs used during hospitalisation, analgesic efficacy) were obtained from electronic database and medical reports by the hospital. Therapy during the first seven days of hospitalisation and the recommended therapy after discharging home were analysed. Records of drug adverse reactions during the whole hospitalisation were monitored. Metamizol was the most frequently prescribed as a primal analgesic. Adequate analgesia solely by metamizol was reached in 20% of all patients; the remaining 80% required increased doses or combination with another analgesic. Metamizol was combined mainly with tramadol, morphine or pethidine. Our study proved metamizol to be an effective analgesic. No clinical manifestation of agranulocytosis was observed in this study.
Solubilisation of (+)-Usnic Acid in Aqueous Micellar Solutions of Gemini and Heterogemini Surfactants and their Equimolar Mixture
Authors: Lukáč M. , Prokipčák I. , Lacko I. , Devínsky F. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe solubilisation of natural compound, (+)-usnic acid, in micellar solutions of gemini (N,N’-didecyl-N,N,N’,N’-tetramethylethane-1,2-diyldiammonium dibromide) and heterogemini (decyl 2-[decyl(dimethyl)ammonio]ethylphosphate) surfactants and their equimolar mixture has been studied. The highest solubility was found for gemini surfactant. The relationship between synergism in surface properties of mixture of surfactants and their solubilisation properties is also discussed.
Bilateral calcaneal epiphysiolysis in a dog
Authors: Pèlach M. , Font C. , Cairó J. , Font J. 
Published: March 2013

SummaryA case of bilateral calcaneal epiphysiolysis in a six-month-old female Dobermann Pinscher is described in this report. The absence of a traumatic event and the clinical, radiographic and histopathological abnormalities led us to the diagnosis of simultaneous bilateral epiphysiolysis of the calcaneus. A tension band and a type II transarticular external fixator were placed. The clinical signs were resolved only temporarily because of the gravity of the bone changes.
Effect of tibial insertion site for lateral suture stabilization on the kinematics of the cranial cruciate ligament deficient-stifle during early, middle and late stance
Authors: Harper T. A. , Lanz O. I. , D'Amico L. L. , Butler J. R. , McLaughlin R. M. , Werre S. R. , Aulakh K. S. 
Published: March 2013

SummaryObjective: To evaluate the effect of two tibial attachment sites for lateral suture stabilization (LSS) on the three-dimensional femorotibial translational and rotational movements of the cranial cruciate ligament-deficient canine stifle during the early, middle and late stance phases.Study design: In vitro biomechanical study: 32 hindlimbs from 16 canine cadavers.Methods: Limbs were mounted in a testing jig and an electromagnetic tracking system was used to determine the three-dimensional femorotibial translational and rotational movements under 33% of body weight load during early, middle and late stance in the following sequence: cranial cruciate ligament-intact, cranial cruciate ligament-deficient and LSS with the distal anchor through the tibial tuberosity (LSSTT) or through the cranial eminence of the extensor groove (LSSEG). The proximal anchor point was the lateral femorofabellar ligament.Results: Post-LSS stifle three-dimensional femorotibial translational and rotational movements were more comparable to normal than post-transection movements for both techniques. Both LSS techniques restored femorotibial movements in cranial cruciate ligament-deficient stifles to varying amounts but neither technique successfully restored normal three-dimensional femorotibial movements. The LSSEG improved femorotibial movements of the cranial cruciate ligament-deficient stifle in the medial-lateral direction and axial rotation but performed poorly in restoring femorotibial movements in the cranial-caudal direction as compared to the LSSTT.Clinical significance: Both the LSSTT and LSSEG techniques failed to completely restore normal three-dimensional femorotibial translational and rotational movements in cranial cruciate ligament-deficient stifles in vitro.
Ex vivo evaluation of the biomechanical effect of varying monocortical screw numbers on a plate-rod canine femoral gap model
Authors: McCombe G. P. , Trask R. S. , Etches J. A. , German A. J. , Holden S. L. , Wallace A. M. , Burton N. J. , Delisser P. J. 
Published: March 2013

SummaryObjective: To compare the biomechanical behaviour of plate-rod constructs with varying numbers of monocortical screws applied to an ex vivo canine femoral-gap ostectomy model.Sample population: Twenty Greyhound dog cadaveric femurs.Methods: Bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed with dual x-ray absorptiometry. Bones were assigned to four groups. Bones had a 12-hole 3.5 mm locking compression plate with one bicortical non-locking cortical screw in the most proximal and distal plate holes and an intramedullary Steinmann pin applied across a 20 mm mid-diaphyseal ostectomy. Additionally, one to four monocortical non-locking cortical screws were then placed (Groups 1–4 respectively) in the proximal and distal fragments. Stiffness and axial collapse were determined before and after cyclic axial loading (6000 cycles at 20%, 40%, and 60% of mean bodyweight [total: 18000 cycles]). Constructs subsequently underwent an additional 45000 cycles at 60% of bodyweight (total: 63000 cycles). Loading to failure was then performed and ultimate load and mode of failure recorded.Results: The BMD did not differ significantly between groups. Construct stiffness for group 1 was significantly less than group 4 (p = 0.008). Stiffness showed a linear increase with an increasing number of monocortical screws (p = 0.001). All constructs survived fatigue loading. Load-to-failure was not significantly different between groups. Mean load- to-failure of all groups was >1350N.Clinical relevance: Ex vivo canine large-breed femurs showed adequate stability biomechanically and gradually increasing stiffness with increasing monocortical screw numbers.
4D cross‐borehole electrical resistivity tomography to control resin injection for ground stabilization: a case history in Venice (Italy)
Authors: Fischanger Federico , Morelli1 Gianfranco , Ranieri Gaetano , Santarato Giovanni , Occhi Marco 
Published: March 2013

Settlements of building foundations are generally due to water content changes in the shallow subsurface, both by natural and man‐made causes. Although resin injection is revealed to be a satisfactory solution for ground consolidation, a continuous monitoring of the process is needed to achieve optimal results. In order to control the injection of expanding resins, a field procedure is developed, based on the use of time‐lapse three‐dimensional (4D) Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT). The choice of electrical resistivity, as a parameter for designing and monitoring the consolidation work, is based on the key assumption that this physical property is the most sensitive to water content changes in soils. During the injection stage, repeated ERT acquisitions allow the injection process to be controlled and the injection schedule and its parameters to be modified, whenever necessary.In this paper the procedure and its results are illustrated, through a case history in Venice (Italy), where salt‐water bearing soils also had to be taken into account. Careful analysis of electrode array configurations and parameters had therefore to be performed in advance. Horizontal and vertical sections from the resulting 3D resistivity models show, through a noticeable local increase of the resistivity at and nearby the injection points, that re‐homogenization of soil is successfully achieved. Repeated 3D ERT measurements, carried out three and a half years after the consolidation work, show that stabilization of the subsoil below and around settled foundations is achieved, as also confirmed by comparing suitable extensimeter measurements on overlying structures, carried out before and after the treatment.
The Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Kinase Pathway Regulates IL-23 Expression by Human Dendritic Cells
Authors: Wang Qunwei , Franks Hester A. , Lax Stephanie J. , El Refaee Mohamed , Malecka Anna , Shah Sabaria , Spendlove Ian , Gough Michael J. , Seedhouse Claire , Madhusudan Srinivasan , Patel Poulam M. , Jackson Andrew M. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Little is known of the regulation of IL-23 secretion in dendritic cells (DC) despite its importance for human Th17 responses. In this study, we show for first time, to our knowledge, that the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) pathway, involved in DNA damage sensing, acts as an IL-23 repressor. Inhibition of ATM with the highly selective antagonist KU55933 markedly increased IL-23 secretion in human monocyte-derived DC and freshly isolated myeloid DC. In contrast, inhibiting the closely related mammalian target of rapamycin had no effect on IL-23. Priming naive CD4+ T cells with ATM-inhibited DC increased Th17 responses over and above those obtained with mature DC. Although ATM blockade increased the abundance of p19, p35, and p40 mRNA, IL-12p70 secretion was unaffected. To further examine a role for ATM in IL-23 regulation, we exposed DC to low doses of ionizing radiation. Exposure of DC to x-rays resulted in ATM phosphorylation and a corresponding depression of IL-23. Importantly, ATM inhibition with KU55933 prevented radiation-induced ATM phosphorylation and abrogated the capacity of x-rays to suppress IL-23. To explore how ATM repressed IL-23, we examined a role for endoplasmic reticulum stress responses by measuring generation of the spliced form of X-box protein-1, a key endoplasmic reticulum stress transcription factor. Inhibition of ATM increased the abundance of X-box protein-1 mRNA, and this was followed 3 h later by increased peak p19 transcription and IL-23 release. In summary, ATM activation or inhibition, respectively, inhibited or augmented IL-23 release. This novel role of the ATM pathway represents a new therapeutic target in autoimmunity and vaccine development.
An Extraribosomal Function of Ribosomal Protein L13a in Macrophages Resolves Inflammation
Authors: Poddar Darshana , Basu Abhijit , Baldwin William M. , Kondratov Roman V. , Barik Sailen , Mazumder Barsanjit 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Inflammation is an obligatory attempt of the immune system to protect the host from infections. However, unregulated synthesis of proinflammatory products can have detrimental effects. Although mechanisms that lead to inflammation are well appreciated, those that restrain it are not adequately understood. Creating macrophage-specific L13a-knockout mice, we report that depletion of ribosomal protein L13a abrogates the endogenous translation control of several chemokines in macrophages. Upon LPS-induced endotoxemia, these animals displayed symptoms of severe inflammation caused by widespread infiltration of macrophages in major organs causing tissue injury and reduced survival rates. Macrophages from these knockout animals show unregulated expression of several chemokines (e.g., CXCL13, CCL22, CCL8, and CCR3). These macrophages failed to show L13a-dependent RNA binding complex formation on target mRNAs. In addition, increased polyribosomal abundance of these mRNAs shows a defect in translation control in the macrophages. Thus, to our knowledge, our studies provide the first evidence of an essential extraribosomal function of ribosomal protein L13a in resolving physiological inflammation in a mammalian host.
Anteromedial Wedge Reduction Osteotomy for the Treatment of Femoral Head Deformities
Authors: Burian Michal , Dungl Pavel , Nanka Ondrej , Chomiak Jiri , Ostadal Martin , Frydrychova Monika , Kubes Radovan 
Published: March 2013

Aspherical femoral head deformity has poor a prognosis which can lead to early arthritic changes in young adults. The intraartricular anteromedial wedge reduction osteotomy restores sphericity of the femoral head. We performed seven anteromedial wedge reduction osteotomies. Clinical indications were pain, limp and restriction of movement of the hip joint. The mean age at time of the surgery was 13.3 years. The aetiology of the femroal head deformity was Perthes disease in six patients and in one patient, multiple epiphyseal dysplasia. All seven hips were classified as Stulberg V before surgery. At a mean follow-up of 17.4 months the Harris hip score increased from a mean of 55.4 pre-operatively to a mean of 84.8 postoperatively. The final results were Stulberg IV in one hip, Stulberg III in four hips and Stulberg II in two hips postoperatively. The capital diaphyseal ratio dropped from average of 1.57 pre-operatively to 1.21 postoperatively. No signs of osteonecrosis were recorded. One patient suffered a subluxation of the femoral head. The anteromedial wedge reduction osteotomy has good short-term results in aspherical incongruent hips.
Analogs in Luce’s Global Psychophysical Theory of Stevens’s Psychophysical Regression Effect
Authors: Luce R. Duncan 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
This article is based on the magnitude production representation in Luce’s (2004, 2011) global psychophysical theories for subjective intensity of both binary and unary continua. It is shown that the slopes of certain predicted linear relationships for magnitude production and estimation differ when, in the two procedures, the respondent-generated reference signals differ. This contrasts with Stevens’s (1975) regression effect, which arises because the exponents of the psychophysical scale differs with procedural changes. Four experiments are suggested to evaluate these predictions, which, importantly, should be analyzed for individual respondents, not data averaged over respondents.