bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O uso de videocast no ensino de obstetrícia
Authors: Guimarães Vasconcelos Rosa Ana Beatriz , Brandão da Silva Andreza , Da Silva Martins Botelho Patrícia , Huguenin Tássio 
Published: August 2024

O uso das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs) se tornou bastante popular nos últimos anos, principalmente após a pandemia do COVID-19, implementados como forma de diversificar e dar continuidade ao ensino. Dessa maneira, formatos como podcast e videocast, que são recursos amplamente usados para o lazer, foram utilizados com o objetivo de ampliar o conhecimento dos mais variados temas, além da facilidade com os quais podem ser acessados. O objetivo desse artigo é descrever o processo de desenvolvimento de materiais didáticos, produzindo vídeocast com temas relevantes para o ensino médico, a fim de melhorar o processo educacional. Foi proposto aos alunos a apresentação de um caso clínico de obstetrícia utilizando alguma ferramenta diferente do padrão de ensino tradicional. Optamos pelo videocast e foi criado um roteiro, realizada a gravação e edição. A apresentação foi em uma aula de obstetrícia do curso de medicina e, posteriormente, um questionário de satisfação foi respondido pelos participantes. A produção de um videocast necessita de etapas importantes para seu sucesso como método de ensino. Utilizar as tecnologias da informação para facilitar o aprendizado foi proveitoso neste caso. Durante a pesquisa concluiu-se que a maioria considera a tecnologia mais interessante que o normal e afirmaram que reutilizariam essa ferramenta. Logo, percebeu-se que o uso desse método facilitou a fixação do conteúdo para 96,6% dos participantes devido à forma leve e descontraída de transmitir as informações. Portanto, após a análise dos dados da discussão, concluímos que há pouco uso de tecnologias modernas nesse processo, embora esse método inovador tenha comprovada eficácia da melhoria do aprendizado. Além disso, observa-se a importância de uma maior divulgação e preparo tanto de discentes e docentes para um adequado proveito dessa ferramenta.
Análise epidemiológica sobre o aumento de casos de sífilis congênita no território brasileiro
Authors: Caetano Novaes Bernado , Coimbra de Mendonça Vicentini Kelly , Mayer dos Santos Carraro Cristiano , Quintas de Almeida Maria Victória , De Paula Paraiso Alves Daniela , Grudka Campbell Vitor , Vieira Lima Vitor , Machado Sarmento1 Elder 
Published: August 2024

A sífilis congênita (SC) é uma infecção causada pela bactéria Treponema pallidum e é transmitida da mãe para o feto, principalmente por via transplacentária, que ocorre quando a mãe com diagnóstico não trata ou não realiza o tratamento de forma adequada. O objetivo desse trabalho é descrever a prevalência e distribuição da sífilis congênita em crianças nas regiões do Brasil, no período de 2012 a 2021, com ênfase nas variáveis faixa etária e regiões, correlacionando-as com as razões multifatoriais que levaram à situação epidemiológica atual. O método utilizado foi um estudo epidemiológico descritivo, retrospectivo e quantitativo sobre casos de sífilis congênita em crianças de 0 a 12 anos nas regiões do Brasil, entre 2012 e 2021, com dados obtidos por meio do Departamento de HIV/Aids, Tuberculose, Hepatites Virais e Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis da Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. A análise das variáveis foi realizada baseada nesses percentuais, com embasamento através da literatura publicada entre 2016 e 2023, obtidas nas plataformas online Scielo, PubMed, Science.gov e Tratado de Pediatria. Observou-se um aumento de aproximadamente 130,09% no número de casos totais, de 2012 a 2021, com maiores números de casos nas regiões Sudeste, Nordeste, Sul, Norte e Centro-Oeste, respectivamente. Esses eventos ocorreram com maior frequência na faixa etária de recém-nascidos com menos de sete dias de vida. Pode-se relacionar as altas taxas de incidência com melhores condições de acesso e atendimento nas unidades de saúde, o que eleva o número de casos, além de falhas no processo assistencial na redução da transmissão vertical e tratamento inadequado da sífilis materna. Conclui-se que houve um aumento considerável nos números de casos de sífilis congênita no Brasil, com maiores valores nas regiões Sudeste, Nordeste e Sul e na faixa etária de recém-nascidos de até sete dias. O alto número de casos de sífilis congênita pode ser explicado pela maior disponibilidade de métodos diagnósticos e pela falta de efetividade na redução da transmissão vertical, além do tratamento inadequado da sífilis materna. No entanto, existe a possibilidade de algumas regiões registrarem poucos casos devido às limitações no acesso e atendimento ao diagnóstico.
Effect of Particle Size On Mechanical Properties for Natural Powder Composite
Authors: Ganesh Pise  , Dr. S. B. Bhosale  
Published: August 2024

The research has been carried out to check effect of particle size on mechanical properties of Sugarcane and Banana fibre composite. The aim of the study is to check effect of particle size on mechanical properties on Sugarcane and banana fibre composite. For this purpose, bagasse powder was obtained after grinding the dried waste from sugar mills having particle sizes of 53,106,150,212,300,425 µm which is obtain from sieves of sieve shaker machine. And Banana fibre obtained from husk of the banana tree having 53, 106, 150, 212, 300, 425 µm which is obtained from sieves of sieve shaker machine. The particle size had a large effect on the properties of composites, and for sugarcane fibre the components at 700 rpm with applying load having particle size 300 and 425 µm gave less frictional loss as compared to other particle size of 53, 106, 150 and 212 µm. For 350 rpm with applying load having particle size 53,150, 212, 300 and 425µm gave less frictional loss as compare to other particle size 106 µm. For Banana fibre component at 700 rpm with applying load having particle size 425 µm gave less frictional loss as compare to other particle size 53,106, 150, 212 and 300 µm. For 350 rpm with applying load having particle size 425 µm gave less frictional loss as compare to other particle size 53, 106, 150, 212 and 300 µm.
Occurrence and Diversity of Intestinal Parasites on Raw Vegetables Sold in Samaru, Zaria
Authors: Yahaya Ocholi , Bishop Henry Ganriel , Abubakar Hauwa , Jacob Samuel , Apata Christiana Ozeiza 
Published: August 2024

Vegetables are part of everyday diet. There has been more emphasis on their palatability and nutritional values, but they potentially contribute to transmitting intestinal parasites, among other pathogens, to man. This study examined 10 samples of five commonly consumed vegetables from Samaru in Zaria, Nigeria. Twenty-five (25g) fresh vegetable samples were washed in 225 mL of sterile normal saline and gently shaken for 60 seconds. The wash water was allowed to stay for 3 hr in the dark. The supernatant was carefully discarded until only about 15mL was left. The sediment was further concentrated by centrifuging at 3000 revolutions per minute for 5 minutes and examined for intestinal parasites on wet mounts using the compound light microscope. The overall occurrence of intestinal parasites on the vegetables was 22.0%. Ascaris lumbricoides was the most occurring parasite (18.0%), followed by equal 2.0% of hookworms, Trichuris trichiura and Fasciola species. Vegetable samples obtained from Mangorori Market had the highest contamination with Ascaris lumbricoides than other markets, but overall parasitic contamination was highest on vegetables obtained from ABU Community Market. Cabbage was the most contaminated (50.0%), followed by 20% each of lettuce and carrots. Samples displayed on mats during the sale had the highest contamination with Ascaris lumbricoides (23.5%), followed by those displayed on the ground (22.2%). There was higher intestinal parasitic contamination of vegetables sold in dirty surroundings (23.3%) than in relatively clean surroundings (10.0%). Sufficient orientation on the role of fresh raw vegetables in transmitting intestinal parasites should be aimed at farmers, sellers, distributors and final consumers to curb potential health risks
“Diabetes Mellitus”, the Then and Now
Authors: Isma’il Safiya , Isma’il, M. Y.  , Umar, A. F.  
Published: August 2024

Study’s Novelty/Excerpt

This study provides comprehensive historical analysis of diabetes mellitus, tracing its evolution from ancient times to the modern era, which provides a unique chronological perspective on the disease's development.
It distinguishes itself by detailing key events, such as insights from the Ebers Papyrus and the discovery of insulin, and their impact on our understanding and treatment of diabetes.
Additionally, the manuscript offers a thorough exploration of how scientific endeavors over centuries have shaped the current medical landscape for diabetes mellitus, emphasizing the persistent challenge it poses despite significant medical advancements.

Full Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a type of metabolic illness characterized by protein, lipid, and glucose metabolism difficulties. It is distinguished by chronic hyperglycemia, which defects in either insulin action or secretion can cause. Diabetes mellitus has been recognized since ancient times, and despite medical advances, it remains an incurable chronic illness. Our historical article presents major events in the evolution of diabetes mellitus from ancient times to the present day. Articles, as well as book chapters were used in citing. The key events in the development of diabetes mellitus from ancient times to the present were explored. An understanding of the key moments leading up to the identification of diabetes mellitus was provided in this study. Events from the Ebers Papyrus, the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and the discovery of diabetes are covered in this article. It can be deduced that scientists tried to discover the presence and existence of these illnesses. The discovery of insulin has played a significant role in the history of diabetes mellitus.
A CADEIA PRODUTIVA DO TABACO NA ECONOMIA BRASILEIRA: UMA ANÁLISE MULTISSETORIAL/ The tobacco production chain in the Brazilian economy: a multisectoral analysis
Authors: Dos Santos Nunes Wagner , Pinheiro Vieira Leandro , Da Rocha Gonçalves Rodrigo , Rocha de Oliveira Cassius 
Published: August 2024

Este estudo investigou a interrupção parcial ou total do setor/atividade de fabricação de produtos de fumo, com o objetivo de quantificar a perda percentual na produção nacional em caso de uma interrupção hipotética deste setor, parte da cadeia produtiva do tabaco. Utilizando a abordagem da Matriz Insumo Produto (MIP) e o Método de Extração Hipotética (MEH), a fabricação de produtos de fumo foi artificialmente excluída, e o impacto dessa exclusão sobre o valor total da produção da economia brasileira foi avaliado. Foram utilizados os dados da Matriz de Insumo-produto Nacional de 2018, estimada pelo Núcleo de Economia Regional e Urbana (NEREUS/USP). Os resultados indicam que a eliminação hipotética da atividade de fabricação de produtos de fumo resultaria em uma contração de 0,15% do valor bruto da produção, 0,14% do valor adicionado e 0,18% no emprego no Brasil em todos os setores. Portanto, o estudo indica que a interrupção da fabricação de produtos de fumo gera perdas econômicas, afetando mais significativamente os setores de agricultura, comércio por atacado e transporte terrestre.
Abstract: This paper investigated the partial or total interruption of the tobacco product manufacturing sector/activity, with the objective of quantifying the percentage loss in national production in the event of a hypothetical interruption of this sector, part of the tobacco production chain. Using the Input Output Matrix (IOM) approach and the Hypothetical Extraction Method (HEM), the manufacture of tobacco products was artificially excluded, and the impact of this exclusion on the total value of production in the Brazilian economy was assessed. Data from the 2018 National Input Output Matrix, estimated by the Regional and Urban Economy Center (NEREUS/USP), were used. The results indicate that the hypothetical elimination of the tobacco product manufacturing activity would result in a contraction of 0.15% in the gross value of production, 0.14% in value added and 0.18% in employment in Brazil in all sectors. Therefore, the study indicates that the interruption of the manufacture of tobacco products generates economic losses, most significantly affecting the agriculture, wholesale trade and land transport sectors.
kNNDM CV: k-fold nearest-neighbour distance matching cross-validation for map accuracy estimation
Authors: Linnenbrink Jan , Milà Carles , Ludwig Marvin , Meyer Hanna 
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Random and spatial cross-validation (CV) methods are commonly used to evaluate machine-learning-based spatial prediction models, and the performance values obtained are often interpreted as map accuracy estimates. However, the appropriateness of such approaches is currently the subject of controversy. For the common case where no probability sample for validation purposes is available, in Milà et al. (2022) we proposed the nearest-neighbour distance matching (NNDM) leave-one-out (LOO) CV method. This method produces a distribution of geographical nearest-neighbour distances (NNDs) between test and training locations during CV that matches the distribution of NNDs between prediction and training locations. Hence, it creates predictive conditions during CV that are comparable to what is required when predicting a defined area. Although NNDM LOO CV produced largely reliable map accuracy estimates in our analysis, as a LOO-based method, it cannot be applied to the large datasets found in many studies. Here, we propose a novel k-fold CV strategy for map accuracy estimation inspired by the concepts of NNDM LOO CV: the k-fold NNDM (kNNDM) CV. The kNNDM algorithm tries to find a k-fold configuration such that the empirical cumulative distribution function (ECDF) of NNDs between test and training locations during CV is matched to the ECDF of NNDs between prediction and training locations. We tested kNNDM CV in a simulation study with different sampling distributions and compared it to other CV methods including NNDM LOO CV. We found that kNNDM CV performed similarly to NNDM LOO CV and produced reasonably reliable map accuracy estimates across sampling patterns. However, compared to NNDM LOO CV, kNNDM resulted in significantly reduced computation times. In an experiment using 4000 strongly clustered training points, kNNDM CV reduced the time spent on fold assignment and model training from 4.8 d to 1.2 min. Furthermore, we found a positive association between the quality of the match of the two ECDFs in kNNDM and the reliability of the map accuracy estimates. kNNDM provided the advantages of our original NNDM LOO CV strategy while bypassing its sample size limitations.
ПРОЧНОСТЬ БАРХАННЫХ ПЕСКОВ ПРИ ВИБРАЦИОННЫХ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯХ
Authors: Бихожаева Гульмира , Дүйсенгалиева Турлы 
Published: August 2024

Устойчивость грунтовых искусственных сооружений, состоящих из несвязных грунтов, представляет собой одну из важнейших инженерных задач проблемы надежности, решение которой возможно лишь на основе комплексного подхода. Одной из наиболее значительных проблем, возникающих при расчетах устойчивости, является определение расчетных характеристик грунта, от которых зависит корректность и точность расчета. Такими характеристиками являются показатели прочности грунтов – угол внутреннего трения, коэффициент внутреннего трения и удельное сцепление. В настоящее время актуальна задача их экспериментального определения в условиях, максимально приближенных к действительному напряженно-деформированному состоянию грунтовых массивов в составе насыпей и выемок земляного полотна железных и автомобильных дорог. Целью настоящей работы являлось исследование влияния напряженно-деформированного состояния, соответствующего различным уплотняющим вертикальным нагрузкам на прочностные характеристики несвязных грунтов. Обработка результатов испытаний производилась с учетом изменения площади контактной поверхности грунта в плоскости сдвига и сил трения между грунтом и металлической обоймой прибора. Скорость сдвига при проведении испытаний исключала концентрацию касательных напряжений у краев грунтового образца. Напряженно-деформированное состояние грунта при срезе в приборе моделировало реальное напряженно-деформированное состояние грунта при сдвиге в натурных условиях. Результаты, изложенные в данной работе, рекомендуется использовать в расчетах устойчивости грунтовых искусственных сооружений, состоящих из несвязных грунтов нарушенной структуры.
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ТРЕЩИНОСТОЙКОСТИ БЕТОНОВ ПРИ СТАТИЧЕСКОМ НАГРУЖЕНИИ
Authors: Бондарь Иван , Аль Дулайми Салман , Малик Арман , Алдекеева Динара , Қыстаубаев Сәкен 
Published: August 2024

Большинство объектов транспортных сооружений возводят бетона и железобетона. Физико-механические характеристики бетона устанавливаются в результате проведения испытаний контрольных образцов на сжатие и растяжение (изгиб). У бетона одной из самых основных физико-механических характеристик является прочность. В статье приведены результаты лабораторных исследований прочности бетона на сжатие (кубик) и изгиб (балочка). Эксперименты выполнены на лабораторном оборудовании - гидравлическом прессе с торсионным силоизмерением ПТ- 1250 и универсальной пневматической установкой ГТ – 1.0.2, предназначенной для определения предела прочности бетона при изгибе использовалась модернизированная лабораторная испытательная установка с предельной нагрузкой до 10 кН. Экспериментально определено, что изготовленные образцы из цемента марки ПЦ-Д20-Б имеют большее значение прочности бетона при сжатии по истечении 28 суток по сравнению с образцами из цемента марки ПЦ-Д20-Б + гипса марки Г-5 и только гипса марки Г-5. Изготовленные образцы-балочки испытывались по готовности от 1 суток до 28 суток из цемента марки ПЦ-Д20-Б более прочные при изгибе по сравнению с образцами из цемента марки ПЦ-Д20-Б + гипса марки Г-5 и только гипса марки Г-5. Следует отметить, что у образцов, выполненных из гипса марки Г-5 партия № 127, прочность образцов однодневной и двадцати восьмидневной давности различается всего на 18 %. Полученные результаты испытаний контрольных образцов, выполненных на основе вяжущего (цемента и гипса) на сжатие и растяжение при изгибе, в полной мере дают представление о методике для определения физико-механических характеристик строительных материалов.
The Effect of Periodontitis Treatment on Anti-DSDNA Titer in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Meysam Ahmadi  
Published: August 2024

Aim: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and periodontitis are both inflammatory diseases. It has been revealed that may be an association exists between them. Inflammation in chronic periodontitis causes gingival erosion and alveolar bone destruction. According to available sources, chronic inflammation due to periodontal disease has a negative effect on Anti-dsDNA as one of the most important laboratory indicators of SLE. The aim of this research is to evaluate the effect of periodontal treatment on Anti-dsDNA titer in patients with SLE.
Materials and methods: The samples were selected from well controlled patients with SLE . In the initial visit, the laboratory factor “Anti-dsDNA” was recorded from the patients. Patients with periodontal disease were divided into case and control groups by block randomization method. For the case group, scaling was done with an ultrasonic device and oral health education was provided to all patients. The patients were asked to return 3 months after the periodontal treatment to evaluate the level of disease activity and the response to periodontal treatment. For data analysis, SPSS 18 program and Mann-Whitney non-parametric test was used.
Results: The average duration of the disease in this study was 6.89 ± 6.56 years. Comparison of the average Anti-dsDNA autoantibody titer before and after treatment in the intervention group considering that there was no normality between the data and there was a statistically significant difference between the average Anti-DsDNA titer before and after the intervention in the subject group.
Conclusion: Since the phase 1 of periodontal treatment as a modifiable risk factor has led to a significant change in Anti-dsDNA titer and this antibody is an indicator of disease flare, periodontal treatment is recommended separately from the reactivation of the disease and to promote the disease control.
THE MIDDLE EOCENE BONY FISH FAUNA OF CALIFORNIA, USA, RECONSTRUCTED BY MEANS OF OTOLITHS
Authors: SCHWARZHANS WERNER W. , STRINGER GARY L. , TAKEUCHI GARY T. 
Published: August 2024

Large and diverse Eocene otolith assemblages have been described from the US Gulf and Atlantic coastal plains, various basins in Europe, and New Zealand. Here we described a highly diverse otolith association from the middle Eocene (Lutetian and Bartonian) strata of southern California, San Diego County, which was retrieved from the heritage of John E. Fitch (1918-1982) in the archives of the Ichthyology Department of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, Califronia. The collection represents the first Eocene otolith assemblage described from the Northeastern Pacific and stems from two localities: the Ardath Shale at Black’s Beach in the Torrey Pines Park just south of Black’s Canyon Road and north of the Salk Fault on the Pacific shore face, and the MissionValley Formation from the west-facing graded hill just east of the Miramar Water Treatment Plant near the southern shore of Miramar Reservoir. The Ardath Shale was deposited on the deep shelf and continental slope while the Mission Valley Formation represent an inland, nearshore environment during times of the maximum transgression.
A total of more than15,000 otoliths were found representing 96 species of which 53 are described as new and 12 remain in open nomenclature. The fauna of the Ardath Shale is distinctly richer containing 88 species while the one from the Miramar Reservoir site yielded 38 species. The low diversity at the Miramar Reservoir site is thought to be related to the shallow-water environment in which it was deposited whereas the high diversity at Black’s Beach reflects a mixture of shelf and bathyal fishes. In addition, 24 new otolith-based genera are established, four of which are in the category “incertae sedis”. Furthermore, five new species are described from a comparative otolith collection from the US Gulf Coast Eocene and one new species from a comparative collection from the Lutetian of Balegem in Belgium.
The Eocene otolith-based fish fauna from California is assessed for its paleoecological, paleobiogeographic and evolutionary significance. Particular emphasis is directed towards the elucidation of the evolution of the early Ophidiiformes, which during the early Paleogene were predominantly adapted to warm, clastic shallow-water environments and there were competing in abundance and diversity with other percomorphs (e.g., perciforms s.l.). A warm Eocene paleobioprovince is proposed for the Californian fish fauna which is not related to today’s endemic Northwest Pacific fish fauna along the regime of the cold-water California Current.