bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural Product Use for Chronic Pain: A New Survey of Patterns of Use, Beliefs, Concerns, and Disclosure to Providers
Authors: Seal Karen H. , Feinberg Termeh , Moore Liliana , Woodruff Nicole A. , Purcell Natalie , Bertenthal Daniel , McCamish Nicole , Becker William R. 
Published: February 2025

Background “Natural products” (NPs), including dietary supplements, are widely used, yet little is known about NP use for chronic pain and related conditions. Objective To develop a new NP survey to better understand reasons for NP use, beliefs, concerns, medication substitution, and provider disclosure. Methods Based on similar surveys and input from veteran focus groups and subject matter experts, a new brief NP survey was developed. The survey was piloted among 52 veterans with chronic pain enrolled in Veterans Health Administration (VA) primary care who endorsed NP use at baseline in a pragmatic trial comparing non-drug pain management approaches. Survey data was enriched with sociodemographic and clinical data from a parent trial. Descriptive frequencies and means were calculated. Results Of 55 surveys, 52 were completed (response rate, 94.5%). Respondents’ mean age was 57.6 (SD+/−12.5); 42% were women, 21% identified as Black/African American, and 10% Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity. All had chronic pain; 80% experienced disabling pain daily; 67% were prescribed non-opioid pain medication; 15% were prescribed opioids. In the prior 3 months, the mean number of NPs used was 4.6 (SD+/−3.2); 90% reported daily use. Most frequently used NPs were vitamins/minerals (94%), herbals/botanicals (60%); and cannabis (40%); one-third reported substituting NPs for pain medications. The majority endorsed safety concerns about interactions of NPs either with pain medications (55%) or other NPs (52%). Nearly all (98%) believed providers should discuss NP use with their patients, though only 52% had disclosed NP use to their providers. Conclusions Among veterans with chronic pain in VA primary care enrolled in a pragmatic trial, a new NP survey revealed prevalent use of multiple NPs concurrently, and in some cases, as substitutes for prescribed medications. Most veterans expressed safety concerns, yet a significant proportion reported not discussing NP use with their providers.
Effect of garlic powder supplementation on rumen microbiota and histology, and blood metabolites in Barki lambs
Authors: Rabee Alaa Emara , El Shereef Afaf A. , Nassar Mahmoud S. , El-Rayes Mohammed A. H. , Mohammed Rasha S. , Bakr Salah Abo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Garlic (Allium sativum) contains different bioactive compounds that have antimicrobial activities, which might modify rumen fermentation and improve animal performance. This study investigated the effect of garlic powder supplementation on growth performance, rumen fermentation and microbiota, blood metabolites, and immunity in Barki lambs. Twelve Barki lambs were assigned into two dietary treatments (n = 6): basal diet (control group) or basal diet supplemented with garlic powder as 2% of dry matter (DM) intake. The basal diet consisted of alfalfa hay and a concentrate feed mixture.

Results
The results showed that garlic supplementation enhanced the growth performance, blood immunoglobulins IgG and IgA, rumen pH, and the proportions of propionic, isobutyric, and isovaleric (P < 0.05). Moreover, the rumen ammonia, predicted methane, and microbial alpha diversity were declined due to garlic supplementation (P < 0.05). Principal Co-ordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed that microbial communities were clustered according to dietary treatments. The bacterial community was dominated by phyla Bacteroidota and Firmicutes. The supplementation improved the relative abundance of the family Ruminococcaceae, genus Prevotella and Butyrivibrio which were correlated positively with growth performance and blood immunity (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
The results explain that garlic powder could modify rumen microbiota to improve rumen fermentation, immunity, and growth performance in growing lambs.
Structural, optical, electrical and photocatalytic properties Ce-doped SnO2 nanoparticles for photoelectrochemical applications
Authors: Khan Hamid , Khan Muhammad Noman , Khan Matiullah , Iqbal Yaseen , Ahsan Syed Muhammad , Ullah Hafeez 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
SnO2 nanoparticles accompanied by various concentrations of Ce as dopant material were prepared to extend the optical absorption spectrum near the visible spectrum. The Ce-doped SnO2 NPs at 0.5% (w/w) exhibit significantly higher photocatalytic ability compared to pure SnO2. This enhancement has potential applications in environmental remediation, energy storage, and optoelectronic devices. The microstructures and optical properties of the prepared samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR, EDS, SEM, and UV–vis DRS. The results showed that the nanoparticles are in the tetragonal rutile SnO2 phase. Increasing Ce concentration (over 0.5% (w/w)) shifted the absorption edge towards higher wavelengths and the band gap energy drops from 3.620 to 3.031 eV. The FTIR spectrum confirmed the O–Sn–O bond information in the synthesized samples. The SEM images showed the formation of nearly spherical nanoparticles. Ce-doped SnO2 NPs have smaller primary particles than SnO2 NPs. Reduction in the band gap due to an increase in defects by Ce doping is found and confirmed by the UV–Vis spectra. The existence of Sn and O elements was confirmed by the observed EDS spectra. A plausible photocatalytic mechanism was proposed for the degradation of Methylene blue under UV light to examine the photocatalytic activity of SnO2 and Ce-doped SnO2 NPs photocatalyst. The Ce-doped SnO2 NPs display improved photocatalytic activity compared to SnO2. The influence of Ce concentration doping on the electrical properties was observed at room temperature. Impedance decreases with the frequency and Ce concentration while ac conductivity is increases with the frequency and Ce concentration. The dielectric constant and the dielectric loss rise up with the Ce doping and decrease with the frequency. Among the synthesized samples, the Ce-doped SnO2 depict improved ability of photodegradation and the optimal ability of SnO2 nanoparticles was achieved at 0.5% Ce doping.
Challenges to environmental sustainability and circular economy practices of Nigerian small and medium enterprises
Authors: Adesua-Lincoln Adebimpe 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study explores sustainability and circular economic practices of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. The research investigates the experiences and challenges faced by SMEs as they seek to navigate the implementation of circular and sustainable practices. Drawing on an integrated theoretical framework, the study combines the sustainability, entrepreneurship and strategic orientation literature to evaluate the interrelationship between these concepts. Through the use of questionnaire surveys conducted with entrepreneurs in Lagos Nigeria, the research helps fill the gap in the literature on circular economy practices of SMEs and makes recommendations to policymakers for the effective development of policy initiatives that promote a responsive approach to the SME sector. The research also proposes several strategies and policy initiatives to assist SMEs in developing requisite skills and knowledge to enable them to confidently implement environmental sustainability and circularity practices.
Global dominance of non-institutional delivery and the risky impact on maternal mortality spike in 25 Sub-Saharan African Countries
Authors: Oyedele Oyewole K. , Lawal Temitayo V. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Despite 70% of global maternal death occurring in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and the high rate of non-institutional delivery (NID), studies that inspect the connections are needed but lacking. Thus, we investigated the urban–rural burden and risk factors of NID and the correlate with maternal mortality to extend strategies for sinking the mortality spike towards sustainable development goal (SDG-3.1) in SSA.

Methods
Secondary analysis of recent (2014–2021) cross-sectional demographic-health-survey (DHS) were conducted across 25-countries in SSA. Primary outcome was institutional versus non-institutional delivery and secondary outcome was maternal-mortality-ratio (MMR) per 100,000 livebirths and the lifetime risk (LTR), while predictors were grouped by socio-economic, obstetrics and country-level factors. Data were weighted to adjust for heterogeneity and descriptive analysis was performed. Pearson chi-square, correlation, and simple linear regression anlyses were performed to assess relationships. Multivariable logistic regression further evaluated the predictor likelihood and significance at alpha = 5% (95% confidence-interval ‘CI’).

Results
Prevalence of NID was highest in Chad (78.6%), Madagascar (60.6%), then Nigeria (60.4%) and Angola (54.3%), with rural SSA dominating NID rate by about 85%. Odds of NID were significantly lower by 60% and 98% among women who had at least four antenatal care (ANC) visits (aOR = 0.40, 95%CI = 0.38–0.41) and utilized skilled birth attendants (SBA) at delivery (aOR = 0.02, 95%CI = 0.01–0.02), respectively. The odds of NID reduces by women age, educational-level, and wealth-quintiles. Positive and significant linear relationship exist between NID and MMR (ρ = 0.5453), and NID and LTR (ρ = 0.6136). Consequently, 1% increase in NID will lead to about 248/100000 and 8.2/1000 increase in MMR and LTR in SSA respectively.

Conclusions
Only South Africa, Rwanda and Malawi had achieved the WHO 90% coverage for healthcare delivery. ANC and SBA use reduced NID likelihood but, MMR is significantly influenced by NID. Hence, strategic decline in NID will proportionately influence the sinking of MMR spike to attain SDG-3.1 in SSA.
Out on a Limb: Brian Evenson's Last Days
Authors: De Boever Arne 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Brian Evenson's horror detective novel Last Days demonstrates an exhaustion with epistemology—the desire to know, and the cultic schisms between guardians of knowledge that it produces—and a turn toward ontology—specifically, a consideration of worlds in which things might not be the same from one moment to the next and a certain kind of knowledge therefore becomes impossible. In such worlds, in which “the future constancy of the real is not guaranteed” and moreover “contingency is necessary” (to recall the work of philosopher Quentin Meillassoux), the project of detection evidently comes under pressure—as do the literary practices of representation and narration. In this article, I develop a close reading of Evenson's novel in order to pursue the philosophical, political, and ultimately literary critical consequences of such a situation.
Integrating ChatGPT into the Exercise Industry: A Disruptive Shift for Industry Professionals
Authors: Vickey Ted 
Published: February 2025

Apply It!
• Use ChatGPT to automate client communication, freeing up time for direct client interactions.
• Create personalized workout plans based on client data using ChatGPT’s advanced capabilities.
• Enhance client retention by leveraging ChatGPT for consistent engagement and feedback loops.
• Streamline administrative tasks such as scheduling and client follow-ups, increasing efficiency.
A VIDA APÓS O LUTO PELA PERSPECTIVA PSICANALÍTICA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: dos Santos Maia Yaná , Da Silva Cruz Edson Júnior 
Published: February 2025

Resumo: A morte de um ente querido tende a se apresentar como um evento inesperado para os demais enlutados, podendo gerar importantes repercussões sociais e emocionais. Dessa maneira, o atendimento psicoterápico ao enlutado é importante para que este possa expressar seus sentimentos e desenvolver uma elaboração de luto saudável. O objetivo da presente pesquisa é apresentar um estudo descritivo, do tipo estudo de caso, sobre uma mulher adulta enlutada atendida por um serviço de Psicoterapia Regular em uma Clínica-Escola, utilizando os conceitos da Psicanálise como embasamento teórico. Inicialmente, a paciente estava apresentando importante sofrimento psíquico diante da morte de seus familiares, fator que estaria interferindo no funcionamento habitual de diversas áreas em sua vida. Com o processo psicoterápico, ela pôde elaborar com maior facilidade o luto que estava vivenciando, reorganizando sua rotina e fortalecendo vínculos interpessoais. Freud (1914/1980) aponta que a retirada das conexões com o objeto amado perdido requer um processo gradativo e lento, sendo necessário o acompanhamento psicológico para facilitar a elaboração da perda e, assim, possibilitar a celebração da vida após o luto.
Palavras-Chave: Morte. Luto. Estágio Clínico. Psicanálise. Psicologia.
Whose operation is it anyway? Consensus for surgical supervision code use
Authors: Cohen H , Simson R , Bamford R 
Published: February 2025

INTRODUCTION Operative numbers are critical for training programme applications, the annual review of competence progression and the Certificate of Completion of Training. This study sought to determine whether there is a consensus among surgeons for supervision codes being applied to general surgical operations. METHODS A survey including ten vignettes (representing common surgical procedures) was distributed to doctors who use the surgical e-logbook. Participants were asked to indicate for each vignette whether they would code the operation as ‘assisted’ (A) or ‘supervised with trainer scrubbed’ (STS). RESULTS A total of 261 responses were received from doctors across all grades. For an appendicectomy vignette describing involvement at each key step but no dissection, 58% of respondents coded it as A and 42% as STS. For a laparoscopic cholecystectomy vignette that described dissecting the gallbladder off the liver and closing the ports, 61% coded it as A and 39% as STS. Consultants were more likely to record a vignette as STS (59% vs 49%, p < 0.001), as were male surgeons (53% vs 47%, p = 0.004). Only 20% of respondents agreed with the statement “I find it easy to understand what supervision code I should record in my logbook”. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that there is little consensus on supervision codes for general surgical operations and considerable ambiguity in the system. The description of the codes on the e-logbook is not fit for purpose and guidance from the Intercollegiate Surgical Curriculum Programme is minimal. Clearer guidelines are required to enable surgeons in training to apply coding consistently to ensure validity in the use of indicative numbers for applications and as a marker of progress in training.
Beyond the law and the outlaws: anarchafeminism and Rote Zora
Authors: Marneros Christos 
Published: February 2025

The radical-feminist, urban-guerrilla group, Rote Zora (Red Zora), operated in West Germany between 1974 and 1995 and was responsible for several bombings and arsons. The attacks were aimed against those the group considered as ideological enemies; these ‘enemies’ were targeted because they were promoting and engaging in sexist practices and reactionary politics to maintain and extend the hegemony of the capitalist, imperialist and patriarchal society of the West.
The article aims to contribute to the emerging discussion, and hopefully to give some visibility to the important tradition of anarchafeminism. As such, by means of a close reading of Rote Zora’s interviews, communiqués and actions, I want to highlight the importance that these texts may have in advancing and enriching an anarchafeminist theory and practice that can oppose different forms of oppression, coming both from the apparent enemies (the law, patriarchy, the state, capitalism, the police) and from the enemy within (any tendencies of domination and/or the neglect of certain groups and sensitivities within radical groups themselves).
The synthetic opioid fentanyl increases HIV replication in macrophages
Authors: Madhuravasal Krishnan Janani , Kong Ling , Meeds Heidi L. , Roskin Krishna M. , Medvedovic Mario , Sherman Kenneth E. , Blackard Jason T. 
Published: February 2025

Background
The illicit use of synthetic opioids such as fentanyl has led to a serious public health crisis in the US. People with opioid use disorder are more likely to contract infections such as HIV and viral hepatitis and experience more severe disease. While several drugs of abuse are known to enhance viral replication and suppress immunologic responses, the effects of synthetic opioids on HIV pathogenesis have not been investigated thoroughly. Thus, we examined the impact of fentanyl on HIV replication and chemokine receptor expression in the U937 cell line and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs).

Methods
U937 cells were exposed to varying concentrations of fentanyl. Expression levels of the CXCR4 and CCR5 chemokine receptors were measured in cell lysates. HIV p24 antigen was quantified in culture supernatants by ELISA, and HIV proviral DNA was quantified in cells using SYBR real-time PCR targeting the pol gene. RNAseq was performed to characterize cellular gene regulation in the presence of fentanyl.

Results
Fentanyl induced HIV p24 expression and proviral DNA levels in U937 cells and in primary MDMs. The opioid antagonist naltrexone blocked the effect of fentanyl and reversed the expression of HIV protein and proviral DNA. Fentanyl led to a non-significant decrease in CXCR4 and CCR5 protein levels in U937 cells. RNA sequencing identified several differentially expressed genes in cells infected with HIV and exposed to fentanyl compared to infected cells with no drug exposure. Several microRNAs were also differentially expressed upon fentanyl exposure but not at a statistically significant level.

Conclusion
These data demonstrate that the synthetic opioid fentanyl can promote HIV replication in macrophages. As higher HIV levels lead to accelerated disease progression and a higher risk of transmission to others, further research is needed to better understand opioid-virus interactions and to develop new and/or optimized treatment strategies for people living with HIV and opioid use.
The effects of plyometric training with speed and weight overloads on volleyball players’ strength, power, and jumping performance
Authors: Iranpour Ahmad Reza , Hemmatinafar Mohammad , Nemati Javad , Salesi Mohsen , Esmaeili Hamed , Imanian Babak 
Published: February 2025

Background
The principle of gradual overload is crucial in improving sports performance, yet the effects of combining speed and weight overloads in plyometric training remain understudied.

Objective
This study investigated the effects of plyometric training with speed and weight overloads on isokinetic strength, explosive power, and agility in volleyball players.

Method
Forty male volleyball players were randomly assigned to four groups: plyometric training (PT), plyometric training with speed overload (PTS), plyometric training with weight overload (PTW), and plyometric training with both speed and weight overload (PTSW). Each group completed a four-week plyometric training regimen. Performance metrics, including Sarjent’s jump height (SJH), Spike jump height (SPJH), Sheppard test (ShT), muscle voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), rate of force development (RFD), absolute peak torque (PTQ), relative peak torque (RPT), and average power (AP) of knee extensors and flexors were measured before and after the intervention.

Results
SJH improved significantly in PTS (P = 0.012), PTW (P = 0.041), and PTSW (P = 0.001) compared to PT. SPJH showed substantial gains in PTS (P = 0.002), PTW (P = 0.001), and PTSW (P = 0.001) compared to PT. Average jump height and highest jump in ShT were also significantly higher in PTS, PTW, and PTSW (P < 0.05). Additionally, RFDext240°/s was enhanced considerably in PTS (P = 0.001) and PTSW (P = 0.001).

Conclusion
Based on the results, plyometric training with speed and weight overloads (PTSW) demonstrated superior enhancements in isokinetic strength, explosive power, and jumping performance. This combined approach is highly effective and significantly benefits male volleyball players, aiming to enhance their physical abilities.
Epidemiological landscape of androgenetic alopecia in the US: An All of Us cross-sectional study
Authors: Gupta Aditya K. , Wang Tong , Economopoulos Vasiliki 
Published: February 2025

Background
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is extremely prevalent with a multifactorial etiology.

Materials
We conducted a cross-sectional study using the All of US (AoU) dataset Sept 2024 to better understand the epidemiology, social determinants and management of AGA.

Results
Most males were 20–39 years old and females 60–69 years old. Men typically have an earlier onset of AGA than females. Male AGA is generally managed with finasteride; oral minoxidil is prescribed in younger males. Females are prescribed spironolactone and oral minoxidil with finasteride in post-menopausal females. There was very little dutasteride prescribed. Topical minoxidil is available over the counter and was not evaluated. Early in 2011 there were reports of the Post-Finasteride Syndrome (PFS); subsequently, the finasteride prescription rate fell to about 10–20% of the pre-PFS prescription rate. There was increased reporting for AGA in those who drink, have an annual household income ≥$75,000, and those with a higher level of education. There was also higher reporting of female AGA in those with anxiety and depression. Patients with higher income and education may have less pressing medical concerns enabling them to bring their AGA to the physician’s attention. Females in whom the AGA affects their anxiety and depression may seek help for the AGA as a way to address their underlying disorder.

Conclusions
This study provides a snapshot of the epidemiology and management of AGA in the USA. AGA is linked to the social determinants of health; addressing the AGA may help better manage the underlying mental and physical state.
Buried Treasures, the Power of Political Fairy Tales, Jack Zipes (2023)
Authors: Ryan Patrick 
Published: February 2025

Review of: Buried Treasures, the Power of Political Fairy Tales, Jack Zipes (2023)
Princeton, NJ and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 272 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-69124-473-0, h/bk, $35, £30
Peripheral versus non-peripheral optative particles
Authors: Coniglio Marco , Monforte Sergio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Discourse particles have been often associated with the sentence peripheries. However, considering for instance optative particles, we observe that their distribution can vary cross-linguistically, since some languages use middle-field particles, while other display left-peripheral particles. In addition, we observe further differences between these two groups, for instance, the grammaticalization process of optative left-peripheral particles is different from that of middle-field particles. Furthermore, the combination with the subjunctive mood does not seem to be sufficient in the case of middle-field particles. Based on these and other properties, we propose a syntactic analysis adopting current views assuming an Agree operation between the optative particles and the left periphery of the clause, in particular with two distinct heads encoding clause type and illocutionary force.
Crystal structure of (4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonyl)ferrocene, C21H16ClFeNO
Authors: Li Xiaohua , Dang Xiaolin , Yu Jingyin , Liu Bin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
C21H16ClFeNO, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 14.6936(11) Å, b = 9.3784(6) Å, c = 12.7854(8) Å, β = 105.183(2)°, V = 1700.4(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0584 wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1719, T = 170 K.