bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Riding the wave of “Big Bang Disruption”
Authors: Denning Stephen 
Published: July 2014

Purpose
– This interview with author Paul Nunes discusses his theory that “Big Bang Disruption” is a new and critical threat to established businesses driven by large-scale, fast-paced innovation that can redraw global markets often before established players can react.

Design/methodology/approach
– The interview reviews the four phases of Big Bang Disruption. Nunes and his co-author Larry Downes believe that each phase has its own set of rules leaders need to learn to respond effectively.

Findings
– To defend against Big Bang Disruption, companies must strive to be the lowest-cost provider of all the elements of value the customer seeks, and be able to provide that value in a customer-intimate way.

Practical implications
– Marketing’s main function has shifted from selling to creating social consensus about what is “the best” value.

Originality/value
– Nunes’s startling conclusion: Every industry is now at risk. No industry will be left unscathed, no supply chain left unscrambled, no strategic plan left unraveled.
The influence of surface topology on the quality of the point cloud data acquired with laser line scanning probe
Authors: Hammad Mian Syed , Abdul Mannan Mohammed , M. Al-Ahmari Abdulrahman 
Published: July 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of surface topology on the performance of laser line scanning probe and to suggest methodology for 3D digitization of specular surfaces.

Design/methodology/approach
– Two different molds, one having milled surface and the other with polished surface, were used to identify effect of surface characteristics on the performance of laser line scanning probe mounted on bridge-type coordinate measuring machine. The point cloud data acquisition of two surfaces was carried out using different combinations of laser scanning parameters. The point cloud sets thus obtained were analyzed in terms of completeness, noise and accuracy. The polished mold which exhibited specular reflection was digitized at different scanning angles of laser line scanning probe using the best combination of scanning parameters.

Findings
– Results confirmed that surface characteristics play important role to determine quality of the reverse engineering (RE) process. The results in terms of completeness, accuracy and noise for point cloud sets have successfully been obtained for milled and polished surfaces. Three-dimensional (3D) comparison analysis suggested larger deviation in cases of polished surface as compared to milled surface. The point cloud set acquired with proposed approach was better in terms of both completeness and noise reduction.

Originality/value
– There has been an increased demand for measurement of metallic, polished and shiny surfaces in automotive, aerospace and medical industries. These surfaces are very difficult to scan because they exhibit specular reflection instead of diffuse reflection. Laser line scanning probe which is a non-contact method is in great demand for RE. This is due to the fact that it possesses very high data acquisition speed. However, laser scanning is hugely affected by surface characteristics which in turn govern specular reflection.In this paper, it has been shown that a surface that exhibits various degrees of specular reflection can be digitized efficiently if appropriate combination of scanning parameters and positions of laser line scanning probe are used. Also, this paper has attempted to offer a procedure to overcome incompleteness and noise in 3D data as obtained by the laser line scanning probe.
Mechanical vibrations of carbon nanotube-based mass sensors: an analytical approach
Authors: K. Georgantzinos Stylianos , I. Giannopoulos Georgios , K. Anifantis Nick 
Published: July 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the potential of single-walled carbon nanotubes as mass sensors by developing analytical expressions and then comparing the outcome with structural mechanics corresponding predictions.

Design/methodology/approach
– The carbon nanotube (CNT) resonators are assumed to be either single or double clamped. Analytical formulas capable of describing the vibrational behavior of such CNT-based nanoresonators with an attached mass at nanotube tip or various intermediate positions are developed by combining the Euler–Bernoulli theory and Krylov–Duncan functions.

Findings
– The validity and the accuracy of these formulas are examined for a wide range of cases via comparisons with corresponding results arisen by spring- or beam-based structural mechanics predictions. Both structural mechanics approaches utilize three-dimensional nanoscale elements formulated according to the molecular theory. The results indicate that the new sensor equations may be utilized for the estimation of vibration response of CNT-based mass sensors with reasonable accuracy.

Originality/value
– Simple analytical formulas are proved to approximate the mass sensing ability of CNTs adequately, the fact that may significantly contribute in the effort of developing new sensor devices.
Flexibility of processes and e-governance performance
Authors: Kumar Suri Pradeep 
Published: July 2014

Purpose
– The existing government processes are often not able to cope-up with the dynamic context of e-governance due to their rigid character as reflected in the dismal performance of e-governance projects. In this article, flexibility of the key processes and e-governance performance have been analyzed based on six agriculture related projects in India. The analysis has brought out implications for researchers, practitioners and society.

Design/methodology/approach
– Based on a review of literature, new constructs have been proposed and hypothesis formulated to study flexibility of processes and performance of e-governance. The empirical part of the study involves an opinion survey of officers involved in planning of the identified projects. The proposed constructs have been validated based on reliability and confirmatory factor analysis and used further for statistical analysis and interpretation.

Findings
– The research has revealed that “flexibility of processes” is a predictor of “performance of e-governance”. The analysis has further reflected the need for reengineering of conventional processes by embedding “change mechanisms” in processes for improving e-governance performance.

Practical implication
– The findings of this article are expected to sensitize the government officials and other actors involved in the planning and implementation of e-governance projects to analyse the underlying processes from the perspective of flexibility and take measures for transforming the conventional rigid processes into versatile and adaptive processes by introducing change mechanisms. Such redesigned processes are expected to lead to better performance of e-governance initiatives.

Originality/value
– This paper attempts to address the gap with respect to the lack of measures for analysing the relationship between flexibility of processes and performance of e-governance projects. The article opens the door for further research in terms of defining additional constructs such as “changing situation” and “competence level of actors” and exploring their predictive relationships with “performance of e-governance”. The context-specific interpretations of validated linkages influencing performance shall provide the base for arriving at an empirically founded synthesized strategic framework for improving the performance of e-governance projects.
Transparency in eVoting
Authors: Prosser Alexander 
Published: July 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this study is to present and discuss some core issues regarding the transparency of the eVoting process. Apart from the protection of voting secrecy, the possible manipulation of votes, even of the entire election, is one of the key issues in eVoting. Comparatively few Supreme Court rulings are available for eVoting, as it is a new field. Where there are rulings available, they often focus on the case at hand and do not derive general principles. On 3 March 2009, the German Constitutional Court published a ruling on the use of voting terminals[1] from which also general principles can be derived far beyond the case itself.

Design/methodology/approach
– Apart from the protection of voting secrecy, the possible manipulation of votes, even of the entire election, is one of the key issues in eVoting. Comparatively few Supreme Court rulings are available for eVoting, as it is a new field. Where there are rulings available, they often focus on the case at hand and do not derive general principles. On 3 March 2009, the German Constitutional Court published a ruling on the use of voting terminals[1] from which general principles can also be derived far beyond the case itself.

Findings
– The paper presented some core issues in eVoting transparency as required by the ruling of the German Constitutional Court. In particular, it suggested a way to define and operationalise the terms “audit chain”, “count” and “recount”, which arguably represent the core issues in eVoting transparency and auditability. Furthermore, the paper introduced a model to map the key security dimensions in an eVoting system and the degree to which they are fulfilled by technical, not just organisational, means, with auditability being the dimension discussed in this contribution.

Research limitations/implications
– The paper only considers political elections and starts off the framework and requirements set by the German Constitutional Court. With one exception, these requirements can be seen as rather generic for most Western-style democracies, the exception being observability and auditability of the election by the general public.

Practical implications
– The paper derives concrete design principles for remote eVoting systems.

Originality/value
– The paper develops a security framework for remote eVoting from given legal requirements. After an analysis of popular existing eVoting protocols, a generic eVoting protocol is derived satisfying these requirements.
Examining the impact of social exchange relationships on innovative work behaviour
Authors: A. Agarwal Upasna 
Published: July 2014

Purpose– This paper concurrently examines the antecedents, moderator as well as mediator of innovative work behavior (IWB).Design/methodology/approach– The paper reports a quantitative study of 510 managers from two service organizations based in western India. The focus of the paper is to examine the predictive ability of leader–member exchange (LMX), perceived organizational support (POS) and engagement on employees' IWB. Role of LMX as moderating variable (in POS–IWB relationship) and work engagement as the underlying mechanism explaining the relationship between predicting variables (LMX and POS) and IWB is tested.Findings– Results suggest that LMX, POS and work engagement positively relate to innovative employee behavior; LMX moderates the relationship between POS and innovative employee behavior. Additionally, work engagement mediates the relationship of LMX and POS with IWB.Research limitations/implications– Although this study is cross-sectional in nature, its findings have implications for contemporary leadership and organizational psychology research.Originality/value– This study significantly contributes to four different bodies of knowledge–work engagement, LMX, POS and IWB. The study also contributes in terms of its context. With increasing multinational opening their business in India, an understanding of employee motivation has become an important concern. This research is one of the rare attempts to examine engagement levels of Indian managerial employees.
Cross-functional bridge in dyadic relationship
Authors: Promise Opute Abdullah 
Published: July 2014

Purpose– This paper aims to examine the use of Cross-Functional Bridge (CFB) in dyadic relationships towards enhancing organisational performance. Prior research has flagged conflict in interfunctional relationships. Research on managing such conflict context is, however, limited.Design/methodology/approach– Analysing 20 in-depth interviews conducted in UK financial services organisations, this study explains how the CFB is used to manage interfunctional relationship conflict and enhance performance.Findings– This study underlines three core insights about intragroup working relationship: cultural and disciplinary differences and boundary fencing are core features of, and conflict drivers in, the accounting – marketing interface; CFB is a tool for analysing and managing these conflict drivers; and organisations that use this tool achieve improved organisational performance, an outcome that is enhanced and sustained through the team psychological enhancement factor of the conflict management strategy. Also, this study underlines the need to ensure a fit between conflict management strategy and conflict types.Research limitations/implications– This research has several limitations. It explores only accounting – marketing working relationship in UK financial services organisations. Also, it explores only relationship conflict and cultural and disciplinary diversity and boundary fencing factors. Finally, this study suggests a mediating influence of psychological well-being on the CFB – performance link, a conclusion that is based on a methodologically inadequate tool: causes and effects associations are better assessed quantitatively (Johnson and Onwuegbuzie, 2004).Practical implications– The paper highlights insights for analysing and resolving conflicts towards harmonious dyadic relationships. Importantly, managers who use the flagged CFB tool would achieve psychological enhancement in team, and extendedly enhanced organisational performance. Managers are reminded of the need to adequately address the emotional substances in relationship conflicts, as failure to do this will lead to conflict escalation, transformation and negative performance.Originality/value– The paper offers theory testing and theory building knowledge. The CFB insight is a major highlight, one that lays a brick for future development, especially concerning itsmodus operandi, motivators and how to maximize its performance value.
A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose‐based oligosaccharides define a two‐stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri)
Authors: Wyatt Timon T. , Golovina Elena A. , van Leeuwen Richard , Hallsworth John E. , Wösten Han A.B. , Dijksterhuis Jan 
Published: July 2014

SummaryFungal propagules survive stresses better than vegetative cells. Neosartorya fischeri, an Aspergillus teleomorph, forms ascospores that survive high temperatures or drying followed by heat. Not much is known about maturation and development of extreme stress resistance in fungal cells.This study provides a novel two‐step model for the acquisition of extreme stress resistance and entry into dormancy. Ascospores of 11‐ and 15‐day‐old cultures exhibited heat resistance, physiological activity, accumulation of compatible solutes and a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity. Electron spin resonance spectroscopy indicated that this stage is associated with the removal of bulk water and an increase of chemical stability.Older ascospores from 15‐ to 50‐day‐old cultures showed no changes in compatible solute content and cytoplasmic viscosity, but did exhibit a further increase of heat resistance and redox stability with age. This stage was also characterized by changes in the composition of the mixture of compatible solutes. Mannitol levels decreased and the relative quantities of trehalose and trehalose‐based oligosaccharides increased.Dormant ascospores of N. fischeri survive in low‐water habitats. After activation of the germination process, the stress resistance decreases, compatible solutes are degraded and the cellular viscosity drops. After 5 h, the hydrated cells enter the vegetative stage and redox stability has decreased notably.
When do autonomous banking regulators promote stability?
Authors: Jordana Jacint , Rosas Guillermo 
Published: July 2014

AbstractCan autonomous banking regulatory agencies reduce the odds that a country will suffer a crippling banking crisis? We investigate the impact that agencies charged with banking regulation and prudential supervision can have on financial stability in the banking sector. We argue that the potential benefits of autonomy are hard to realise because banking regulators face incentives to shirk in their mandate to secure banking stability. These incentives are strongest in political systems with high numbers of veto players, where the autonomy of a banking agency is difficult to undo even if the agency is derelict in promoting banking sector stability. We test an implication of this argument, namely, that the probability of bank crisis onset should diminish with the level of autonomy of the banking agency, but only in polities with low numbers of veto points. We base our analysis of this conditional hypothesis on an original dataset of 79 countries observed between 1971 and 2009 that captures the degree of autonomy of banking agencies from political principals. Our findings confirm that the impact of banking agency autonomy on the risk of bank crisis onset is conditional on the political structure in which the agency is embedded.
Escape into the City: Everyday Practices of Commoning and the Production of Urban Space in Dublin
Authors: Bresnihan Patrick , Byrne Michael 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn Dublin there are many needs and desires which are not met, or excluded, by the pattern of high rent, the commodification of social/cultural life, and the regulation of public space. Against this dynamic, Dublin has seen a number of experiments in urban commoning: people collectively finding ways of opening up space in order to do what they want. This might be as simple as wanting a space to work, to make food or to show films. Rather than trying to change this situation by appealing to existing institutions, these new urban commons are characterized by particular groups of people devising practical ways of escaping the forms of “enclosure” which limit what can happen in the city. This article takes a “militant research” approach to explore the potentials and limitations of these experiments in urban production and organization.
Diabetic macular oedema quantified with spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography – evaluation of boundary line artefacts and the effect on retinal thickness
Authors: Hodzic‐Hadzibegovic Delila , Sander Birgit A. , Lund‐Andersen Henrik 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPurposeTo characterize frequency, morphological cause and time‐dependent change of boundary line artefacts in optical coherence tomography (OCT) examinations of centre‐involved diabetic macular oedema (ciDME) patients who underwent ranibizumab treatment with 1‐year follow‐up and to evaluate the impact of artefacts on retinal thickness.MethodsOne hundred and fourteen patients were examined with radial scan protocol by Topcon 3D OCT at baseline, 3 and 12 months. All B scans from all visits were examined for boundary line artefacts (artefacts) and were stratified by morphological element causing artefacts including hard exudates (HE), epiretinal membranes (ERM), optical opacities and serous detachments. Boundary line artefacts were manually corrected and the corrected central subfield thickness (CST) and macular volume were compared with automated values. Data were compared with a repeatability coefficient of 25 μm.ResultsBoundary line artefacts were found in 51.8% of the total 342 OCT examinations and in 25.5% of the total 2052 B scans. Morphological elements that caused artefacts in the total 2052 B scans were HE (10.6%), ERM (10.3%), optical opacities (4.4%), serous detachments (1.7%) and others (1.2%). The number of artefacts due to HE decreased significantly (p = 0.0005), and the number of artefacts due to ERM were unchanged (p = 0.087) during 12 months. In OCT examinations with artefacts caused by HE, manually corrected CST was statistically significant higher than automated value at baseline and 3 months. For ERM, manually corrected CST was statistically significant lower than automated value at baseline and 12 months.ConclusionBoundary line artefacts in OCT examinations of ciDME patients using Topcon 3D OCT occur in 51.8%. In situation of boundary line artefacts in centre 1‐mm area every fourth OCT examination has a change in CST beyond 25 μm.
Impaired balance and neurodevelopmental disabilities among children with congenital cytomegalovirus infection
Authors: Karltorp Eva , Löfkvist Ulrika , Lewensohn‐Fuchs Ilona , Lindström Katarina , Eriksson Westblad Mimmi , Teär Fahnehjelm Kristina , Verrecchia Luca , Engman Mona‐Lisa 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAimAlthough cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common congenital infection, existing research has not provided us with a full picture of how this can affect children in the future. The aim of this case–control study was to evaluate disabilities in a well‐defined group of children with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, who had been fitted with cochlear implants because of severe hearing impairment.MethodsA multidisciplinary team assessed 26 children with congenital CMV infection for balance difficulties, neurodevelopmental disabilities and language and visual impairment. We also included a control group of 13 children with severe hearing impairment due to connexin 26 mutations.ResultsThe majority of the children with congenital CMV infection (88%) displayed balance disturbances, including walking at a later age, but there were no cases in the control group. The CMV group also displayed frequent neurodevelopmental disabilities and feeding difficulties.ConclusionCongenital CMV infection affects the general development of the brain and gives rise to a complex pattern of difficulties. Identifying comorbid conditions is very important, as children with associated difficulties and disabilities need more support than children with just hearing impairment. Congenital CMV infection needs to be considered in children with hearing impairment and/or balance disturbance and/or neurodevelopmental disabilities.
The sensory profile of children with asthma
Authors: Engel‐Yeger Batya , Almog Meital , Kessel Aharon 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAimSensory hypersensitivity is one expression of sensory processing disorders (SPD) and results from the inability to regulate an appropriate response to a sensory input in an adaptive manner. We explored the sensory processing profile of children with asthma, based on reports from parents.MethodsWe studied 86 children between the ages of four and 11 years: 37 diagnosed with asthma and 49 healthy controls. The parents of all participants filled out the Short Sensory Profile (SSP) that measures the child's behavioural reactions to sensory stimuli in daily environments.ResultsSensory processing disorders were more prevalent among children with asthma (F7,71 = 4.16, p = 0.001; ή2 = 0.29) than among healthy controls and were mainly reflected by hypersensitivity. While about 90% of the healthy children were reported to actively seek sensory stimuli, only 53% of the asthmatic children showed this trend. In the study group, 25.7% of the children's scores reflected abnormal sensory performance, compared with 0% of the controls (χ2=21.93; p < 0.001).ConclusionChildren with asthma may suffer from SPD. Our finding supports previous reports that suggest that the central nervous system is involved in the pathogenesis of atopic conditions. The sensory profile of children with asthma should be evaluated and treated as required.