bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gutter Impingement After Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Schuberth John M. , Babu Nina S. , Richey Johanna M. , Christensen Jeffrey C. 
Published: February 2013

Background: Symptomatic gutter impingement after ankle arthroplasty has been reported with various designs. However, the incidence and origin of impingement have not been fully elucidated. Furthermore, the outcome of patients following gutter debridement has not been reported. Methods: A review of 489 total ankle replacements was performed to calculate the incidence of symptomatic gutter impingement in 4 different devices and between the presenting causes of arthritis. The incidence of gutter impingement was determined for patients with and without preemptive gutter resection at the time of implantation. The functional outcome of 30 of the 34 patients who had subsequent gutter debridement was determined with 3 different outcome instruments. Results: Symptomatic gutter disease occurred in 34 of 489 cases (7%) followed for a minimum of 1 year (range, 1-12 years). There was a 2% incidence of gutter disease in the 194 ankles that had prophylactic gutter resection at the time of implantation and a 7% incidence in the 295 ankles that did not have gutter resection at the time of implantation. When the ankle treated with an Agility (DePuy Orthopaedics, Inc, Warsaw, IN) device was excluded, there was a 2% and an 18% incidence of gutter disease in the 2 groups, respectively ( P < .05). There was no difference in the incidence of gutter disease between the various implants and origins of ankle arthritis. Postoperative outcomes were favorable in the 27 patients who did not have another procedure after the initial gutter debridement. Seven patients (21%) required reoperation. Conclusion: Prophylactic gutter resection should be considered at the time of implantation to reduce the incidence of postoperative symptoms. Although most patients had favorable outcomes following gutter debridement, there was a high reoperation rate. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative series.
Assessing Accuracy of Sustentaculum Screw Placement During Calcaneal Fixation
Authors: Gitajn I. Leah , Toussaint Rull James , Kwon John Y. 
Published: February 2013

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the ability of the Harris heel view to confirm placement of the sustentacular screw during calcaneal fixation. Methods: A 4.0 cancellous screw was placed in a cadaveric specimen, from lateral to medial in 5 configurations: (1) within the sustentaculum, (2) misdirected inferiorly to sustentaculum, (3) misdirected superiorly to sustentaculum, (4) misdirected anteriorly to sustentaculum, and (5) misdirected posteriorly to sustentaculum. Harris heel views were obtained at 5 angulations and were analyzed to determine screw placement. Results: A screw placed anatomically was radiographically confirmed by the Harris heel view to be within the sustentaculum in all views. An inferiorly misdirected screw appeared radiographically within the sustentaculum at 30, 40 and 50 degrees but was confirmed misplaced on the 10- and 20-degree views. A posteriorly misdirected screw was confirmed misplaced on all 5 views. An anteriorly misdirected screw appeared radiographically within the sustentaculum on the 10-degree view but was confirmed misplaced on all other views. A superiorly misdirected screw was confirmed misplaced on all views. Conclusions: Clinicians should be aware that several specific axial heel views are required to verify placement of the sustentacular screw. An inferiorly misdirected screw will appear to be within the sustentaculum with the standard Harris heel view. Clinical Relevance: Heel views should be obtained from a range of 10 to 50 degrees to confirm accurate placement of the sustentacular screw.
Changes in Ankle Range of Motion and Muscle Strength in Habitual Wearers of High-Heeled Shoes
Authors: Kim Yushin , Lim Jong-Min , Yoon BumChul 
Published: February 2013

Background: Although cross-sectional biomechanical studies have reported that wearing high-heeled shoes can change the musculoskeletal system of the lower extremities, the long-term effects of wearing such shoes on the ankle remain unknown. The aim of this study was to reveal changes in ankle range of motion and muscle strength in habitual wearers of high-heeled shoes and to provide information for clinicians undertaking functional evaluations of the ankles of such patients. Methods: Habitual wearers of high-heeled shoes (n = 10; age, 23.9 ± 2.7 years) and wearers of flat shoes (n = 10; age, 23.8 ± 2.1 years) were selectively recruited, and the range of motion, maximal voluntary isometric force, and concentric contraction power of their ankles were measured. Results: Wearers of high-heeled shoes showed increased ankle range of motion on plantarflexion at 25 degrees and inversion at 10 degrees compared to flat shoe wearers ( P < .05) but decreased dorsiflexion (about 17 degrees) and eversion (13 degrees; P < .05). Concentric contraction power in ankle eversion was also 2 times higher in wearers of high-heeled shoes ( P < .05). Conclusions: These subjects had functional deformity of the ankle in a supinated direction and increased eversion power. Clinical Relevance: We cautiously recommend that habitual wearers of high-heeled shoes (those who walk in such shoes for more than 5 hours more than 6 times a week) undertake intensive ankle stretching exercises in the direction of dorsiflexion as well as eversion.
Application of the Model of Allostasis to Older Women’s Relocation to Senior Housing
Authors: Ewen Heidi H. , Kinney Jennifer 
Published: February 2013

Objectives: Adjustment to senior housing entails significant lifestyle changes and is a stressful process. The adaptation process is dynamic and has yet to be studied using the conceptual model of allostasis. This article presents exemplars of women whose profiles represent three allostatic states: successful adaptation (homeostasis), ongoing adaptation (allostasis), and maladaptation (allostatic load). Method: Older women who had relocated to senior housing participated in three interviews and monthly saliva sample collection over a 6-month period. Saliva was assayed for diurnal cortisol secretion. Triangulation of mixed methods was used to analyze data, and psychosocial data were mapped onto the cortisol graphs to illustrate changes in stress reactivity and well-being. Results: Coping abilities, perceptions of stressors, and cortisol measures provide a detailed picture of the interplay among events and perceptions and the effects of both on well-being. Discussion: The case exemplars provide detailed information on the complexity of psychosocial and physiological components of the model of allostasis. This study also fills a gap in knowledge on negative relocation outcomes using the allostatic model.
Urology on the inside: managing the needs of the incarcerated
Authors: Floyd MS , Mistry R , Williamson EPM , Machin DG , Baird AD 
Published: February 2013

Objective: Despite a substantial body of literature on prisoner health and the management of specific conditions that affect incarcerated persons, there remains a paucity of data pertaining to the specific urological needs of prisoners. Additionally, no study has documented the impact of prison referrals on a department of urology. Materials and methods: A year-long prospective study was performed in a university hospital recording all contact made by detained persons with the department of urology. Results: A total of 77 clinical encounters were made by 47 detained patients from seven different institutions over 12 months. All patients were male. The most common reason for urological consultation was investigation of lower tract symptoms, but a total of 18 separate complaints were recorded, including acute trauma. Conclusions: The presence of several places of detention impacts significantly on a department’s workload. Management of persons detained under Home Office Licence in a general hospital poses several challenges, including confidentiality and security issues, privacy and patient concerns and prison personnel secondments. The transient nature of the prisoner population can pose difficulties for planned admissions and outpatient follow-up.
Development and validation of a prognostic scoring system for patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Such Esperanza , Germing Ulrich , Malcovati Luca , Cervera José , Kuendgen Andrea , Della Porta Matteo G. , Nomdedeu Benet , Arenillas Leonor , Luño Elisa , Xicoy Blanca , Amigo Mari L. , Valcarcel David , Nachtkamp Kathrin , Ambaglio Ilaria , Hildebrandt Barbara , Lorenzo Ignacio , Cazzola Mario , Sanz Guillermo 
Published: February 2013

Key Points
CMML is a heterogeneous disorder with a highly variable prognosis that clearly requires a specific and widely accepted prognostic scoring system. CPSS is a powerful prognostic score that defines 4 risk groups for survival and AML evolution, developed and validated in the largest CMML series to date.
Sickle cell vaso-occlusion causes activation of iNKT cells that is decreased by the adenosine A2A receptor agonist regadenoson
Authors: Field Joshua J. , Lin Gene , Okam Maureen M. , Majerus Elaine , Keefer Jeffrey , Onyekwere Onyinye , Ross Ainsley , Campigotto Federico , Neuberg Donna , Linden Joel , Nathan David G. 
Published: February 2013

Key Points
The fraction of invariant NKT cells demonstrating activation is increased during painful crises compared with steady state. Regadenoson, an adenosine A2A receptor agonist, decreases the fraction of activated invariant NKT cells during painful crises.
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific, CD1d-restricted T cells in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Authors: Gargiulo Lucia , Papaioannou Maria , Sica Michela , Talini Giulia , Chaidos Aristeidis , Richichi Barbara , Nikolaev Andrei V. , Nativi Cristina , Layton Mark , de la Fuente Josu , Roberts Irene , Luzzatto Lucio , Notaro Rosario , Karadimitris Anastasios 
Published: February 2013

Key PointsThe mechanism of bone marrow failure (BMF) in PNH is not known. Novel CD1d-restricted, GPI-specific T cells are present in PNH patients and might be responsible for BMF.
Stability results in ℒ-fuzzy normed spaces for a cubic functional equation
Authors: Lee Sang-Baek , Park Won-Gil , Bae Jae-Hyeong 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
We establish some stability results concerning the functional equation

n
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+
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f
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n
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=

n
(

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+
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)

2

[
f
(
x
+
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)
+
f
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]

+

(

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,

where

n
≥
2

is a fixed integer, in the setting of ℒ-fuzzy normed spaces that in turn generalize a Hyers-Ulam stability result in the framework of classical normed spaces.

MSC:39B22, 39B52, 39B72, 46S40, 47S40.
New insights into the cardiovascular risk of migraine and the role of white matter hyperintensities: is gold all that glitters?
Authors: Tana Claudio , Tafuri Emmanuele , Tana Marco , Martelletti Paolo , Negro Andrea , Affaitati Giannapia , Fabrizio Alessandra , Costantini Raffaele , Mezzetti Andrea , Giamberardino Maria Adele 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The role of migraine as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events has been debated for several years, while it is more established for ischemic stroke. Recently, new studies have examined the likelihood of migraine to determine cardiovascular events, supporting the hypothesis of a predominant role in patients with migraine with aura, the risk including both sexes. In the literature, multiple pathophysiological mechanisms are described to explain this association, and are here discussed. Furthermore, the emerging evidence that a higher headache frequency and long-term migraine may worsen the cardio-metabolic profile in migraineurs (e.g. with a higher Framingham risk score and risk of developing atherosclerosis, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome) makes it increasingly necessary to reduce the number and severity of attacks, not only to alleviate the painful symptoms, but also to improve the prognosis in these patients.
The evolutionary rate of antibacterial drug targets
Authors: Gladki Arkadiusz , Kaczanowski Szymon , Szczesny Pawel , Zielenkiewicz Piotr 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Background
One of the major issues in the fight against infectious diseases is the notable increase in multiple drug resistance in pathogenic species. For that reason, newly acquired high-throughput data on virulent microbial agents attract the attention of many researchers seeking potential new drug targets. Many approaches have been used to evaluate proteins from infectious pathogens, including, but not limited to, similarity analysis, reverse docking, statistical 3D structure analysis, machine learning, topological properties of interaction networks or a combination of the aforementioned methods. From a biological perspective, most essential proteins (knockout lethal for bacteria) or highly conserved proteins (broad spectrum activity) are potential drug targets. Ribosomal proteins comprise such an example. Many of them are well-known drug targets in bacteria. It is intuitive that we should learn from nature how to design good drugs. Firstly, known antibiotics are mainly originating from natural products of microorganisms targeting other microorganisms. Secondly, paleontological data suggests that antibiotics have been used by microorganisms for million years. Thus, we have hypothesized that good drug targets are evolutionary constrained and are subject of evolutionary selection. This means that mutations in such proteins are deleterious and removed by selection, which makes them less susceptible to random development of resistance. Analysis of the speed of evolution seems to be good approach to test this hypothesis.

Results
In this study we show that pN/pS ratio of genes coding for known drug targets is significantly lower than the genome average and also lower than that for essential genes identified by experimental methods. Similar results are observed in the case of dN/dS analysis. Both analyzes suggest that drug targets tend to evolve slowly and that the rate of evolution is a better predictor of drugability than essentiality.

Conclusions
Evolutionary rate can be used to score and find potential drug targets. The results presented here may become a useful addition to a repertoire of drug target prediction methods. As a proof of concept, we analyzed GO enrichment among the slowest evolving genes. These may become the starting point in the search for antibiotics with a novel mechanism.
Use of digital gene expression to discriminate gene expression differences in early generations of resynthesized Brassica napus and its diploid progenitors
Authors: Jiang Jinjin , Shao Yanlin , Du Kun , Ran Liping , Fang Xiaoping , Wang Youping 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Background
Polyploidy is an important evolutionary mechanism in flowering plants that often induces immediate extensive changes in gene expression through genomic merging and doubling. Brassica napus L. is one of the most economically important polyploid oil crops and has been broadly studied as an example of polyploid crop. RNA-seq is a recently developed technique for transcriptome study, which could be in choice for profiling gene expression pattern in polyploids.

Results
We examined the global gene expression patterns of the first four generations of resynthesized B. napus (F1–F4), its diploid progenitors B. rapa and B. oleracea, and natural B. napus using digital gene expression analysis. Almost 42 million clean tags were generated using Illumina technology to produce the expression data for 25959 genes, which account for 63% of the annotated B. rapa genome. More than 56% of the genes were transcribed from both strands, which indicate the importance of RNA-mediated gene regulation in polyploidization. Tag mapping of the B. rapa genome generated 19023, 18547, 24383, 20659, 18881, 20692, and 19955 annotated genes for the B. rapa, B. oleracea, F1–F4 of synthesized B. napus, and natural B. napus libraries, respectively. The unambiguous tag-mapped genes in the libraries were functionally categorized via gene ontological analysis. Thousands of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and revealed the substantial changes in F1–F4. Among the 20 most DEGs are DNA binding/transcription factor, cyclin-dependent protein kinase, epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, and glycine-rich protein. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of the DEGs suggested approximately 120 biological pathways.

Conclusions
The systematic deep sequencing analysis provided a comprehensive understanding of the transcriptome complexity of early generations of synthesized B. napus. This information broadens our understanding of the mechanisms of B. napus polyploidization and contributes to molecular and genetic research by enriching the Brassica database.
Genomic analysis of the regulatory elements and links with intrinsic DNA structural properties in the shrunken genome of Buchnera
Authors: Brinza Lilia , Calevro Federica , Charles Hubert 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Background

Buchnera aphidicola is an obligate symbiotic bacterium, associated with most of the aphididae, whose genome has drastically shrunk during intracellular evolution. Gene regulation in Buchnera has been a matter of controversy in recent years as the combination of genomic information with the experimental results has been contradictory, refuting or arguing in favour of a functional and responsive transcription regulation in Buchnera.
The goal of this study was to describe the gene transcription regulation capabilities of Buchnera based on the inventory of cis- and trans-regulators encoded in the genomes of five strains from different aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum, Schizaphis graminum, Baizongia pistacea, Cinara cedri and Cinara tujafilina), as well as on the characterisation of some intrinsic structural properties of the DNA molecule in these bacteria.

Results
Interaction graph analysis shows that gene neighbourhoods are conserved between E. coli and Buchnera in structures called transcriptons, interactons and metabolons, indicating that selective pressures have acted on the evolution of transcriptional, protein-protein interaction and metabolic networks in Buchnera. The transcriptional regulatory network in Buchnera is composed of a few general DNA-topological regulators (Nucleoid Associated Proteins and topoisomerases), with the quasi-absence of any specific ones (except for multifunctional enzymes with a known gene expression regulatory role in Escherichia coli, such as AlaS, PepA and BolA, and the uncharacterized hypothetical regulators YchA and YrbA). The relative positioning of regulatory genes along the chromosome of Buchnera seems to have conserved its ancestral state, despite the genome erosion. Sigma-70 promoters with canonical thermodynamic sequence profiles were detected upstream of about 94% of the CDS of Buchnera in the different aphids. Based on Stress-Induced Duplex Destabilization (SIDD) measurements, unstable σ70 promoters were found specifically associated with the regulator and transporter genes.

Conclusions
This genomic analysis provides supporting evidence of a selection of functional regulatory structures and it has enabled us to propose hypotheses concerning possible links between these regulatory elements and the DNA-topology (i.e., supercoiling, curvature, flexibility and base-pair stability) in the regulation of gene expression in the shrunken genome of Buchnera.
A predictive signature gene set for discriminating active from latent tuberculosis in Warao Amerindian children
Authors: Verhagen Lilly M , Zomer Aldert , Maes Mailis , Villalba Julian A , del Nogal Berenice , Eleveld Marc , van Hijum Sacha AFT , de Waard Jacobus H , Hermans Peter WM 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundTuberculosis (TB) continues to cause a high toll of disease and death among children worldwide. The diagnosis of childhood TB is challenged by the paucibacillary nature of the disease and the difficulties in obtaining specimens. Whereas scientific and clinical research efforts to develop novel diagnostic tools have focused on TB in adults, childhood TB has been relatively neglected. Blood transcriptional profiling has improved our understanding of disease pathogenesis of adult TB and may offer future leads for diagnosis and treatment. No studies applying gene expression profiling of children with TB have been published so far.ResultsWe identified a 116-gene signature set that showed an average prediction error of 11% for TB vs. latent TB infection (LTBI) and for TB vs. LTBI vs. healthy controls (HC) in our dataset. A minimal gene set of only 9 genes showed the same prediction error of 11% for TB vs. LTBI in our dataset. Furthermore, this minimal set showed a significant discriminatory value for TB vs. LTBI for all previously published adult studies using whole blood gene expression, with average prediction errors between 17% and 23%. In order to identify a robust representative gene set that would perform well in populations of different genetic backgrounds, we selected ten genes that were highly discriminative between TB, LTBI and HC in all literature datasets as well as in our dataset. Functional annotation of these genes highlights a possible role for genes involved in calcium signaling and calcium metabolism as biomarkers for active TB. These ten genes were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in an additional cohort of 54 Warao Amerindian children with LTBI, HC and non-TB pneumonia. Decision tree analysis indicated that five of the ten genes were sufficient to classify 78% of the TB cases correctly with no LTBI subjects wrongly classified as TB (100% specificity).ConclusionsOur data justify the further exploration of our signature set as biomarkers for potential childhood TB diagnosis. We show that, as the identification of different biomarkers in ethnically distinct cohorts is apparent, it is important to cross-validate newly identified markers in all available cohorts.