bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eye Movements in Risky Choice
Authors: Stewart Neil , Hermens Frouke , Matthews William J. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe asked participants to make simple risky choices while we recorded their eye movements. We built a complete statistical model of the eye movements and found very little systematic variation in eye movements over the time course of a choice or across the different choices. The only exceptions were finding more (of the same) eye movements when choice options were similar, and an emerging gaze bias in which people looked more at the gamble they ultimately chose. These findings are inconsistent with prospect theory, the priority heuristic, or decision field theory. However, the eye movements made during a choice have a large relationship with the final choice, and this is mostly independent from the contribution of the actual attribute values in the choice options. That is, eye movements tell us not just about the processing of attribute values but also are independently associated with choice. The pattern is simple—people choose the gamble they look at more often, independently of the actual numbers they see—and this pattern is simpler than predicted by decision field theory, decision by sampling, and the parallel constraint satisfaction model. © 2015 The Authors. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric determination of indacaterol maleate in pure form and pharmaceutical preparations: application to content uniformity
Authors: El‐Ashry S. M. , El‐Wasseef D. R. , El‐Sherbiny D. T. , Salem Y. A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTwo simple, rapid, sensitive and precise spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric methods were developed for the determination of indacaterol maleate in bulk powder and capsules. Both methods were based on the direct measurement of the drug in methanol. In the spectrophotometric merthod (Method I) the absorbance was measured at 259 nm. The absorbance‐concentration plot was rectilinear over the range 1.0–10.0 µg mL−1 with a lower detection limit (LOD) of 0.078 µg mL−1 and lower quantification limit (LOQ) of 0.238 µg mL−1. Meanwhile in the spectrofluorimetric method (Method II) the native fluorescence was measured at 358 nm after excitation at 258 nm. The fluorescence‐concentration plot was rectilinear over the range of 1.0–40.0 ng mL−1 with an LOD of 0.075 ng mL−1and an LOQ of 0.226 ng mL−1. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the determination of indacaterol maleate in capsules with average percent recoveries ± RSD% of 99.94 ± 0.96 for Method I and 99.97 ± 0.81 for Method II. In addition, the proposed methods were extended to a content uniformity test according to the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) guidelines and were accurate, precise for the capsules studied with acceptance value 3.98 for Method I and 2.616 for Method II. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Oncological outcome following anastomotic leak in rectal surgery
Authors: Espín E , Ciga M A , Pera M , Ortiz H , Lujan J , Fraccalvieri D , Biondo S , Ciga M A , Espí A , Codina A , Ruiz M D , Espin E , Vallribera F , Palasí R , Parajo A , Camps I , Piñol M , Viciano V , Alonso E , Pera M , García T , Casal E , Garcia J , Rodríguez M , Reina Á , Roig J , Errasti J , Múgica J A , Gomez J , Rada R , Orelogio M 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Background
The influence of anastomotic leak on local recurrence and survival remains debated in rectal cancer.

Methods
This was a multicentre observational study using data from the Spanish Rectal Cancer Project database. Demographics, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, tumour location, stage, use of defunctioning stoma, administration of neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment, invasion of circumferential resection margin, quality of mesorectal excision and anastomotic leakage were recorded. Anastomotic leak was defined as an anastomotic event requiring surgical intervention or interventional radiology, including pelvic abscesses without radiological evidence of leakage and early rectovaginal fistulas. Variables associated with oncological outcome were assessed by multivariable Cox regression analysis.

Results
A total of 1181 consecutive patients were included. Rates of anastomotic leak and 30-day postoperative mortality were 9·4 and 2·4 per cent respectively. Data from 1153 patients were analysed after a median follow-up of 5 years. Cumulative rates of local recurrence, overall recurrence, overall survival and cancer-specific survival were 4·9, 19·4, 77·5 and 84·7 per cent respectively. In the multivariable regression analysis, anastomotic leakage was not associated with local recurrence (hazard ratio (HR) 0·80, 95 per cent c.i. 0·28 to 2·26; P = 0·669), overall recurrence (HR 1·14, 0·70 to 1·85; P = 0·606), overall survival (HR 1·10, 0·73 to 1·65; P = 0·648) or cancer-specific survival (HR 1·23, 0·75 to 2·02; P = 0·421).

Conclusion
Anastomotic leak after low anterior resection did not affect oncological outcomes in these patients.
Simultaneous determination of senkyunolide I and senkyunolide H in rat plasma by LC‐MS: application to a comparative pharmacokinetic study in normal and migrainous rats after oral administration of Chuanxiong Rhizoma extract
Authors: Zhao Xu , Ma Tiancheng , Zhang Chenning , Shi Shaohuai , Cui Sijiao , Bi Kaishun , Jia Ying 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTA selective liquid chromatographic–mass spectrometric method has been developed and validated for simultaneous determination of senkyunolide I (SEI) and senkyunolide H (SEH) from Chuanxiong Rhizoma in rat plasma. Plasma samples were extracted by liquid–liquid extraction with ethyl acetate and separated on a Kromasil C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm), with methanol–water (55:45, v/v) as mobile phase. The linear range was 0.05–25 µg/mL for SEI and 0.01–5.0 µg/mL for SEH, with lower limits of quantitation of 0.05 and 0.01 µg/mL, respectively. Intra‐ and inter‐day precision were within 10.0 and 9.8%, and the accuracies (relative errors) were <9.6 and 5.9%, with the mean extraction recoveries 81.0–86.6 and 80.5–85.0% for the two anayltes, respectively. The validated method was successfully applied to a comparative pharmacokinetic study of SEI and SEH in normal and migrainous rats after oral administration of Chuanxiong Rhizoma extract. The results indicated that there were obvious differences between normal and migrainous rats in the pharmacokinetic behavior after oral administration of Chuanxiong Rhizoma extract. The absorption of SEI and SEH were significantly increased in migrainous rats compared with normal rats. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epigenetic changes in the CDKN2A locus are associated with differential expression of P16INK4A and P14ARF in HPV‐positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Schlecht Nicolas F. , Ben‐Dayan Miriam , Anayannis Nicole , Lleras Roberto A. , Thomas Carlos , Wang Yanhua , Smith Richard V. , Burk Robert D. , Harris Thomas M. , Childs Geoffrey , Ow Thomas J. , Prystowsky Michael B. , Belbin Thomas J. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV)‐positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is recognized as a distinct disease entity associated with improved survival. DNA hypermethylation profiles differ significantly by HPV status suggesting that a specific subset of methylated CpG loci could give mechanistic insight into HPV‐driven OPSCC. We analyzed genome‐wide DNA methylation of primary tumor samples and adjacent normal mucosa from 46 OPSCC patients undergoing treatment at Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY using the Illumina HumanMethylation27 beadchip. For each matched tissue set, we measured differentially methylated CpG loci using a change in methylation level (M value). From these analyses, we identified a 22 CpG loci panel for HPV+ OPSCC that included four CDKN2A loci downstream of the p16(INK4A) and p14(ARF) transcription start sites. This panel was significantly associated with overall HPV detection (P < 0.05; ROC area under the curve = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.91–1.0) similar to the subset of four CDKN2A‐specific CpG loci (0.90, 95% CI: 0.82–0.99) with equivalence to the full 22 CpG panel. DNA hypermethylation correlated with a significant increase in alternative open reading frame (ARF) expression in HPV+ OPSCC primary tumors, but not to the other transcript variant encoded by the CDKN2A locus. Overall, this study provides evidence of epigenetic changes to the downstream region of the CDKN2A locus in HPV+ oropharyngeal cancer that are associated with changes in expression of the coded protein products.
Nab‐paclitaxel‐based compared to docetaxel‐based induction chemotherapy regimens for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Schell Amy , Ley Jessica , Wu Ningying , Trinkaus Kathryn , Wildes Tanya Marya , Michel Loren , Thorstad Wade , Gay Hiram , Lewis James , Rich Jason , Diaz Jason , Paniello Randal C. , Nussenbaum Brian , Adkins Douglas R. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe previously reported that nab‐paclitaxel‐based induction chemotherapy (IC) and concurrent chemoradiotherapy resulted in low relapse rates (13%) and excellent survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We compare the disease‐specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS) between patients given nab‐paclitaxel, cisplatin, and fluorouracil with cetuximab (APF‐C) and historical controls given docetaxel, cisplatin, and fluorouracil with cetuximab (TPF‐C). Patients with locally advanced HNSCC were treated with APF‐C (n = 30) or TPF‐C (n = 38). After 3 cycles of IC, patients were scheduled to receive cisplatin concurrent with definitive radiotherapy. T and N classification and smoking history were similar between the two groups and within p16‐positive and p16‐negative subsets. The median duration of follow‐up for living patients in the APF‐C group was 43.5 (range: 30–58) months versus 52 (range: 13–84) months for TPF‐C. The 2‐year DSS for patients treated with APF‐C was 96.7% [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 85.2%, 99.8%] and with TPF‐C was 77.6% (CI: 62.6%, 89.7%) (P = 0.0004). Disease progression that resulted in death was more frequent in the TPF‐C group (39%) compared with the APF‐C group (3%) when adjusted for competing risks of death from other causes (Gray's test, P = 0.0004). In p16 positive OPSCC, the 2‐year DSS for APF‐C was 100% and for TPF‐C was 74.6% (CI: 47.4%, 94.6%) (P = 0.0019) and the 2‐year OS for APF‐C was 94.1% (CI: 65.0%, 99.2%) and for TPF‐C was 74.6% (CI: 39.8%, 91.1%) (P = 0.013). In p16 negative HNSCC, the 2‐year DSS for APF‐C was 91.7% (CI: 67.6%, 99.6%) and for TPF‐C was 82.6% (CI: 64.4%, 94.8%) (P = 0.092). A 2‐year DSS and OS were significantly better with a nab‐paclitaxel‐based IC regimen (APF‐C) compared to a docetaxel‐based IC regimen (TPF‐C) in p16‐positive OPSCC.
Spectrum of myeloid neoplasms and immune deficiency associated with germline GATA2 mutations
Authors: Mir Muhammad A. , Kochuparambil Samith T. , Abraham Roshini S. , Rodriguez Vilmarie , Howard Matthew , Hsu Amy P. , Jackson Amie E. , Holland Steven M. , Patnaik Mrinal M. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractGuanine‐adenine‐thymine‐adenine 2 (GATA2) mutated disorders include the recently described MonoMAC syndrome (Monocytopenia and Mycobacterium avium complex infections), DCML (dendritic cell, monocyte, and lymphocyte deficiency), familial MDS/AML (myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia) (myeloid neoplasms), congenital neutropenia, congenital lymphedema (Emberger's syndrome), sensorineural deafness, viral warts, and a spectrum of aggressive infections seen across all age groups. While considerable efforts have been made to identify the mutations that characterize this disorder, pathogenesis remains a work in progress with less than 100 patients described in current literature. Varying clinical presentations offer diagnostic challenges. Allogeneic stem cell transplant remains the treatment of choice. Morbidity, mortality, and social costs due to the familial nature of the disease are considerable. We describe our experience with the disorder in three affected families and a comprehensive review of current literature.
Xenograft assessment of predictive biomarkers for standard head and neck cancer therapies
Authors: Stein Andrew P. , Swick Adam D. , Smith Molly A. , Blitzer Grace C. , Yang Robert Z. , Saha Sandeep , Harari Paul M. , Lambert Paul F. , Liu Cheng Z. , Kimple Randall J. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains a challenging cancer to treat with overall 5‐year survival on the order of 50–60%. Therefore, predictive biomarkers for this disease would be valuable to provide more effective and individualized therapeutic approaches for these patients. While prognostic biomarkers such as p16 expression correlate with outcome; to date, no predictive biomarkers have been clinically validated for HNSCC. We generated xenografts in immunocompromised mice from six established HNSCC cell lines and evaluated response to cisplatin, cetuximab, and radiation. Tissue microarrays were constructed from pre‐ and posttreatment tumor samples derived from each xenograft experiment. Quantitative immunohistochemistry was performed using a semiautomated imaging and analysis platform to determine the relative expression of five potential predictive biomarkers: epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), phospho‐EGFR, phospho‐Akt, phospho‐ERK, and excision repair cross‐complementation group 1 (ERCC1). Biomarker levels were compared between xenografts that were sensitive versus resistant to a specific therapy utilizing a two‐sample t‐test with equal standard deviations. Indeed the xenografts displayed heterogeneous responses to each treatment, and we linked a number of baseline biomarker levels to response. This included low ERCC1 being associated with cisplatin sensitivity, low phospho‐Akt correlated with cetuximab sensitivity, and high total EGFR was related to radiation resistance. Overall, we developed a systematic approach to identifying predictive biomarkers and demonstrated several connections between biomarker levels and treatment response. Despite these promising initial results, this work requires additional preclinical validation, likely involving the use of patient‐derived xenografts, prior to moving into the clinical realm for confirmation among patients with HNSCC.
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in norway 1963–2011: increasing incidence and stable mortality
Authors: Robsahm Trude E. , Helsing Per , Veierød Marit B. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is rapidly increasing in white populations, causing high morbidity and health‐care costs. Few studies, however, have described the trends forSCC, as population‐based data with a long follow‐up are limited. In Norway we have this opportunity and we aimed to describeSCCincidence, mortality and survival rates, according to sex, age, stage, primary anatomical location, and geographical region, for the period 1963–2011, for estimation of future health‐care needs. Data were retrieved from the Cancer Registry of Norway. Age‐adjustedSCCincidence and mortality rates and 5‐year relative survival (in percent) were calculated for 5‐year calendar periods. A joinpoint regression model identified the annual percentage change (APC) in rates over the 50‐year period. The age‐adjusted incidence rate increased ninefold in females and sixfold in males from 1963 to 2011, withAPCs of 5.6% (95% confidence interval,CI4.5, 7.3) and 3.3% (95%CI1.3, 5.3) in females and males, respectively.SCCincidence rose in all age groups, anatomical locations (except ears in females), and geographical regions, though restricted to localized tumors. Most striking increase was seen in the age group 70–79, in face and head locations and among residents in southern Norway.SCCmortality and survival rates remained relatively stable. Our findings underline an increasing need forSCCtreatment in Norway, especially considering the aging population. The findings also call for the creation of particular guidelines for primary prevention ofSCC.
Risk of second malignancies in patients with early‐stage classical Hodgkin's lymphoma treated in a modern era
Authors: LeMieux Melissa H. , Solanki Abhishek A. , Mahmood Usama , Chmura Steven J. , Koshy Matthew 
Published: January 2015

AbstractSecond malignancies remain an issue affecting morbidity and mortality in long‐term survivors of early stage Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). We undertook this study to determine if treatment in the modern era resulted in decreased second malignancies. Patients diagnosed with stage I–II cHL between 1988 and 2009 who received radiation therapy (RT) were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Freedom from second malignancy (FFSM) was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Univariate analysis (UVA) was performed using the Log‐Rank test, and included age, gender, year of diagnosis, and stage. Multivariable analysis (MVA) was performed using Cox Proportional Hazards modeling. The study cohort included 8807 patients. The median age at diagnosis was 32 years (range: 2–85). The majority of patients had stage II disease (n = 6044, 69%), 597 (7%) had extranodal involvement (ENI), and 1925 (22%) had B symptoms. Median follow‐up for the entire cohort was 7.2 years (range: 0–22). Five hundred twenty‐three (6%) patients developed a second malignancy. Median latency to second malignancy was 5.8 years (range: 0.1–21.5). Of the 523 patients that developed a second malignancy, 228 (44%) occurred in the first 5 years, 139 (27%) were diagnosed between years 5–10, and 156 (30%) beyond 10 years. The 10 year FFSM for patients treated between 1988 and 1999 was 93.0% versus 95.1% for patients treated between 2000 and 2009 (P = 0.04), On MVA, treatment between 2000 and 2009 was associated with a HR for second malignancy of 0.77 (95% Confidence Interval: 0.62–0.96, P = 0.02) compared to the treatment between 1988 and 1999. Our analysis suggests that in patients treated with RT for stage I or II cHL, treatment prior to 2000 had a slightly higher risk of second malignancy compared to treatment in 2000 and later. Further studies, with longer follow‐up of patients treated in the modern era are needed to confirm these findings.
Rates of complete diagnostic testing for patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Lin Tara L. , Williams Travis , He Jianghua , Aljitawi Omar S. , Ganguly Siddhartha , Abhyankar Sunil , Fleming Allan , Male Heather , McGuirk Joseph P. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIn addition to cytogenetics, additional molecular markers of prognosis have been identified and incorporated into the management of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We hypothesized that rates of molecular testing would be higher in an academic center versus community sites. A retrospective chart review included all de novo AML patients (excluding M3) at Kansas University Medical Center (KUMC) from January 2008 through April 2013. Records were evaluated for completeness of molecular testing as indicated by karyotype (FLT3, CEBPα, NPM1 in normal cytogenetics AML and c‐KIT in core binding factor [CBF] AML). 271 charts were reviewed: 98 with CN‐AML and 29 with CBF AML. Seventy were diagnosed at KUMC, 57 at a community site. Molecular testing was sent in 76/98 (77%) patients with CN‐AML. Patients diagnosed at KUMC had a significantly higher rate of molecular testing (51/55, 93%) as compared to those diagnosed at outside centers (18/43, 41%) (P < 0.001). Of 29 patients with CBF AML, c‐kit mutational analysis was performed more frequently at KUMC (14/15, 93%) than in community sites (8/14, 57%) (P = 0.035). There was a trend towards increased testing at both KUMC and community sites in later years. Rates of molecular testing in AML were higher in an academic center versus community sites in the 5 years following the World Health Organization revised classification of AML. All physicians who diagnose and treat AML must remain up to date on the latest recommendations and controversies in molecular testing in order to appropriately risk stratify patients and determine optimal therapy.
Racial/ethnic disparities in knowledge about one's breast cancer characteristics
Authors: Freedman Rachel A. , Kouri Elena M. , West Dee W. , Keating Nancy L. 
Published: January 2015

BACKGROUNDUnderstanding tumor characteristics is likely important, but little is known about breast cancer patients' knowledge of their own disease. The authors assessed women's knowledge about their tumor characteristics, whether racial/ethnic disparities in knowledge exist, and whether education and health literacy influence associations.METHODSA population‐based cohort of women in Northern California with stage 0 through III breast cancers diagnosed from 2010 to 2011 (participation rate 68.5%) was surveyed. Among 500 respondents (222 non‐Hispanic white women, 142 non‐Hispanic black women, and 136 Hispanic women), racial/ethnic differences in knowledge about tumor characteristics (estrogen receptor [ER] status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2] status, stage, grade) and correctness of tumor information (with California Cancer Registry data for confirmation) were examined. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the probability of: 1) knowing tumor stage, receptor status, and grade; and 2) correctly answering questions about tumor information by race/ethnicity. The impact of education and health literacy on findings was examined in sequential models.RESULTSOverall, 32% to 82% of women reported knowing each of the 4 tumor characteristics of interest, and 20% to 58% correctly reported these characteristics. After adjustment, black and Hispanic women were less likely than white women to know and have correct responses for stage, ER status, and HER2 status (all P<.05). Education and health literacy were significantly associated with knowing and having correct information about some characteristics, but these variables did not eliminate most of the racial/ethnic differences observed.CONCLUSIONSPatient's knowledge about their own breast cancer was generally poor, particularly for minority women. Further study of how this knowledge may impact receipt of care and outcomes is warranted. Cancer 2015;121:724–732. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Petri nets‐based model for the analysis of NORIA protocol
Authors: Macia H. , Ruiz M. C. , Mateo J. A. , Calleja J. L. 
Published: January 2015

SummaryNetwork rOle‐based Routing Intelligent Algorithm is a novel routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks, which combine various effective techniques in order to reduce energy consumption and improve data routes. This algorithm uses role assignment for distributing tasks over the network nodes and fuzzy logic for making decisions. There is a clear need for the use of formal methods to validate the correctness of the protocols as well as performance and functionality prior to the deployment of such algorithms in a real environment. This paper presents a formal and rigorous study of Network rOle‐based Routing Intelligent Algorithm. Prioritised‐timed coloured petri nets (PTCPNs) have been chosen as an appropriate modelling language. In this way, PTCPNs have been used to describe complete and unambiguous specifications of system behaviour, whereas CPNTools is used to evaluate the correctness of the protocol using state space exploration and for performance evaluation using simulation. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.