bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality control of lymph node dissection in the Dutch Gastric Cancer Trial
Authors: de Steur W O , Hartgrink H H , Dikken J L , Putter H , van de Velde C J H 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Background
Current guidelines indicate that D2 resection is the standard of care for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer. To assess the impact of quality assurance of lymph node removal, non-compliance and contamination in the D1 and D2 study arms of the Dutch Gastric Cancer Trial were investigated with respect to recurrence and survival.

Methods
The location and numbers of lymph nodes detected at pathological investigation in the Dutch Gastric Cancer Trial were compared according to the guidelines of the Japanese Research Society for the study of Gastric Cancer. Non-compliance was defined as inadequate removal of lymph node stations. Contamination was defined as lymph nodes removed outside the intended level of resection. The dissection groups D1 and D2 were divided into non-compliance, compliance and contamination categories. Long-term overall survival was calculated for minor (2 or fewer lymph nodes) and major (more than 2 lymph nodes) non-compliance and contamination in the D1 and D2 group, using Kaplan–Meier plots.

Results
Some 1078 patients were included, of whom 711 with potentially curative surgical resections were evaluated. Overall non-compliance was 80·5 per cent in the D1 and 81·6 per cent in the D2 group. Major non-compliance occurred in 15·3 per cent of the D1 and 26·0 per cent of the D2 group. Major contamination hardly occurred. Overall 15-year survival rates in the randomized groups were 21·2 per cent (D1) and 29·0 per cent (D2) (P = 0·351). After exclusion of patients with major non-compliance and/or major contamination, survival rates were 23·2 per cent (319 patients) and 32·6 per cent (245) respectively (P = 0·261). Where there was major non-compliance, survival rates in the D1 (58 patients) and D2 (86) groups were 10 and 17 per cent respectively (P = 0·302). Survival in the D2 compliant + contaminated group (139 patients) was significantly better than that in the D1 group without contamination (282): 35·7 versus 19·9 per cent (P = 0·041). In the D2 group, there was a significant difference in survival between contaminated (95 patients) and non-contaminated (236) groups: 39 versus 25·1 per cent (P = 0·041).

Conclusion
Non-compliance in the D2 dissection group may have obscured a significant difference in survival between the randomized groups. A D2 dissection with contamination was associated with the best survival, suggesting that extended D2 lymph node dissections improve survival.
Ex vivo normothermic perfusion for quality assessment of marginal donor kidney transplants
Authors: Hosgood S A , Barlow A D , Hunter J P , Nicholson M L 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Background
A significant proportion of kidneys procured for transplantation are discarded because of concerns about their suitability. In this study ex vivo normothermic perfusion (EVNP) was used as a quality assessment device before renal transplantation.

Methods
Seventy-four human kidneys deemed unsuitable for transplantation following retrieval underwent 60 min of EVNP with an oxygenated red cell-based solution at 36°C. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to identify thresholds of renal blood flow and urine output. These thresholds and a grading of macroscopic appearance were incorporated into an EVNP assessment score (highest quality, 1; lowest, 5). This was applied to a series of 36 kidneys transplanted after EVNP.

Results
In the discarded kidney series, 60 (81 per cent) scored 1–4 and 14 (19 per cent) scored 5. Although none of these kidneys was transplanted, those with a score from 1 to 4 were considered suitable for transplantation. In the 36 transplanted kidneys, the score ranged between 1 and 3 (score 1, 17; score 2, 11; score 3, 8). All of these kidneys were transplanted without any complications or primary non-function. The delayed graft function rate was 6 per cent (1 of 17) in kidneys scoring 1, 0 per cent (0 of 11) in those scoring 2 and 38 per cent (3 of 8) in those scoring 3 (P = 0·024). The mean(s.d.) estimated glomerular filtration rate at 12 months was 51(16), 63(15) and 38(21) ml in kidneys scoring 1, 2 and 3 respectively (P = 0·015).

Conclusion
EVNP combined with a simple scoring system is an innovative technology for pretransplant assessment of kidney quality and acceptability for transplantation. This study suggests that a high percentage of retrieved kidneys are being discarded unnecessarily.
Patient blood management to reduce surgical risk
Authors: Clevenger B , Mallett S V , Klein A A , Richards T 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Background
Preoperative anaemia and perioperative blood transfusion are both identifiable and preventable surgical risks. Patient blood management is a multimodal approach to address this issue. It focuses on three pillars of care: the detection and treatment of preoperative anaemia; the reduction of perioperative blood loss; and harnessing and optimizing the patient-specific physiological reserve of anaemia, including restrictive haemoglobin transfusion triggers. This article reviews why patient blood management is needed and strategies for its incorporation into surgical pathways.

Methods
Studies investigating the three pillars of patient blood management were identified using PubMed, focusing on recent evidence-based guidance for perioperative management.

Results
Anaemia is common in surgical practice. Both anaemia and blood transfusion are independently associated with adverse outcomes. Functional iron deficiency (iron restriction due to increased levels of hepcidin) is the most common cause of preoperative anaemia, and should be treated with intravenous iron. Intraoperative blood loss can be reduced with antifibrinolytic drugs such as tranexamic acid, and cell salvage should be used. A restrictive transfusion practice should be the standard of care after surgery.

Conclusion
The significance of preoperative anaemia appears underappreciated, and its detection should lead to routine investigation and treatment before elective surgery. The risks of unnecessary blood transfusion are increasingly being recognized. Strategic adoption of patient blood management in surgical practice is recommended, and will reduce costs and improve outcomes in surgery.
A simple risk stratification model that predicts 1‐year postoperative mortality rate in patients with solid‐organ cancer
Authors: Chou Wen‐Chi , Wang Frank , Cheng Yu‐Fan , Chen Miao‐Fen , Lu Chang‐Hsien , Wang Cheng‐Hsu , Lin Yung‐Chang , Yeh Ta‐Sen 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis study aimed to construct a scoring system developed exclusively from the preoperative data that predicts 1‐year postoperative mortality in patients with solid cancers. A total of 20,632 patients who had a curative resection for solid‐organ cancers between 2007 and 2012 at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center were included in the derivation cohort. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to develop a risk model that predicts 1‐year postoperative mortality. Patients were then stratified into four risk groups (low‐, intermediate‐, high‐, and very high‐risk) according to the total score (0–43) form mortality risk analysis. An independent cohort of 16,656 patients who underwent curative cancer surgeries at three other hospitals during the same study period (validation cohort) was enrolled to verify the risk model. Age, gender, cancer site, history of previous cancer, tumor stage, Charlson comorbidity index, American Society of Anesthesiologist score, admission type, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status were independently predictive of 1‐year postoperative mortality. The 1‐year postoperative mortality rates were 0.5%, 3.8%, 14.6%, and 33.8%, respectively, among the four risk groups in the derivation cohort (c‐statistic, 0.80), compared with 0.9%, 4.2%, 14.6%, and 32.6%, respectively, in the validation cohort (c‐statistic, 0.78). The risk stratification model also demonstrated good discrimination of long‐term survival outcome of the four‐tier risk groups (P < 0.01 for both cohorts). The risk stratification model not only predicts 1‐year postoperative mortality but also differentiates long‐term survival outcome between the risk groups.
Strengthening the Mother‐Child Relationship Following Domestic Abuse: Service Evaluation
Authors: Smith Emma , Belton Emma , Barnard Matt , Fisher Helen L. , Taylor Julie 
Published: August 2015

Experiencing domestic abuse can have a detrimental effect on the mother‐child relationship. Domestic Abuse Recovering Together (DART) is a ten‐week programme which focuses on rebuilding the mother‐child relationship after the abuse has ended and supporting other aspects of recovery.‘A ten‐week programme which focuses on rebuilding the mother‐child relationship after the abuse has ended’The evaluation of DART utilises a quasi‐experimental, mixed methods design and this article focuses on the pre‐ and post‐DART standardised measures obtained on mothers and children and practitioner interviews. Analyses identified significant positive changes in measures of participants’ wellbeing following DART. Results also indicated that mothers were more affectionate to their children and children were experiencing significantly fewer difficulties. Mothers, children and professionals who made referrals to DART rated the service highly and the majority of service users felt that it had helped their recovery.Qualitative interviews with ten DART practitioners identified barriers and facilitators which influenced outcome achievement. For example, joint mother/child sessions helped to improve their relationship, whilst contact with the perpetrator could limit the positive effects of the intervention. Such findings informed the development of a new domestic abuse service. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Messages

Before DART, many of the mothers had low self‐esteem and little confidence in their parenting abilities. Children had high levels of emotional and behavioural difficulties.
Significant improvements were found following DART: mothers' self‐esteem and confidence in parenting had increased and children had fewer emotional and behavioural difficulties. Mothers reported more affection to their children.
Qualitative interviews revealed barriers that led to some adaptations to the service.
‘Before DART, many of the mothers had low self‐esteem and little confidence in their parenting abilities’
The Effectiveness of Targeted Interventions for Children Exposed to Domestic Violence: Measuring Success in Ways that Matter to Children, Parents and Professionals
Authors: Howarth Emma , Moore Theresa H. M. , Shaw Ali R. G. , Welton Nicky J. , Feder Gene S. , Hester Marianne , MacMillan Harriet L. , Stanley Nicky 
Published: August 2015

The ultimate goal of trials is to identify interventions that can benefit individuals in the future. It is crucial, therefore, that they measure outcomes that reflect the priorities and expectations of those using the interventions. We consider this issue in relation to trials of interventions for children exposed to domestic violence and abuse (DVA). To explore this, we drew on data collected as part of a larger study to consider whether the types of outcomes measured in clinical trials reflect: (1) the perceived benefit of interventions reported in qualitative evaluation studies; and (2) the views of parents, professionals and young people as to what constitutes a ‘good outcome’. We found that trials most frequently evaluated changes in children's symptoms and disorders, whereas children and parents, along with practitioners, had broader concepts of success that extended beyond narrow health‐focused outcomes. A number of studies measured other types of outcomes, although there was inconsistency in the types of outcomes that were measured.Based on these findings, we discuss the need to reach consensus on an expanded set of outcomes to be measured in child‐focused DVA trials. This will mean that the effectiveness of interventions is judged against outcomes that are important to those who use interventions. It will also facilitate greater consistency in outcome measurement across studies, thereby enhancing the quality of evidence in this emerging field. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.‘Need to reach consensus on an expanded set of outcomes to be measured in child‐focused DVA trials’Key Practitioner MessagesIn order to adequately assess what works to reduce the impact of domestic violence on children, researchers should:

Work with stakeholders to understand which outcomes are important to them.
Seek consensus about a standardised set of outcomes to be measured and reported in all trials.
Ensure that the success of interventions is measured against these outcomes.
Discriminatory Contexts, Emotions and Civic/Political Engagement among Native Italians and Migrants
Authors: Albanesi Cinzia , Mazzoni Davide , Cicognani Elvira , Zani Bruna 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWe assume that emotions (anger, shame and hope) mediate the relationship between perceiving a discriminatory context and civic/political engagement. Results of a survey with 1242 participants (mean age 20.7 years; 53% men; 32.8% migrants) showed that such emotions play a different role according to the type of engagement and the population (native Italians versus migrants). Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Go with the flow: How children's persuasion knowledge is associated with their state of flow and emotions during advergame play
Authors: Vanwesenbeeck Ini , Ponnet Koen , Walrave Michel 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis study investigates children's persuasion knowledge towards an advergame. Based on the theory of limited capacity and the PAD dimensions of emotions (i.e. pleasure, arousal and dominance), we propose a model in which persuasion knowledge is associated with game flow, and in which game flow is subsequently related to self‐reported player emotions. To test this model, 200 respondents between 7 and 12 years old were asked to play an advergame and to complete a survey addressing self‐reported emotions, persuasion knowledge and game flow. Structural equation modelling partially confirms our model. Both managerial and ethical implications are discussed in the paper. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ZnO–Carbon‐Nanotube Composite Supported Nickel Catalysts for Selective Conversion of Cellulose into Vicinal Diols
Authors: van der Wijst Cornelis , Duan Xuezhi , Skeie Liland Ingvild , Walmsley John C. , Zhu Jun , Wang Aiqin , Zhang Tao , Chen De 
Published: August 2015

AbstractA ZnO‐nanolayer‐coated carbon nanotube (CNT) composite (ZnO–CNT) was employed as a support to immobilise Ni catalysts. Well‐mixed oxides, formed as a result of enhanced interfaces between the two oxides on CNTs, resulted in the formation of Ni–Zn alloys in reduced catalysts. The Ni/ZnO–CNT catalyst exhibited much higher yields of vicinal diols, for example, ethylene glycol and 1,2‐propylene glycol, from the conversion of cellulose than the reference Ni/CNT catalyst. A plausible reaction network on the Ni/ZnO–CNT catalyst has been proposed. Moreover, the effects of Ni loading and catalyst reduction temperature on the catalytic performance were probed, and the relationship between the catalyst structure and the yields of vicinal diols was correlated. The Ni‐rich alloy, relative to the Zn‐rich alloy, was suggested as the dominating active phase for the selective conversion of cellulose into vicinal diols. This might shed new light on the design and optimisation of Ni‐based catalysts for the catalytic conversion of cellulose with the Ni–Zn interaction.
In Situ Growth of NiSe Nanowire Film on Nickel Foam as an Electrode for High‐Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Tang Chun , Pu Zonghua , Liu Qian , Asiri Abdullah M. , Sun Xuping , Luo Yonglan , He Yuquan 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWe report on the facile one‐step hydrothermal preparation of a NiSe nanowire film on nickel foam (NiSe/NF) as a novel binder‐free electrode material for supercapacitors. This electrode delivers a high specific capacitance of 1790 F g−1 and an areal capacitance of 5.01 F cm−2 at a current density of 5 A g−1.
Iminoboronate Formation Leads to Fast and Reversible Conjugation Chemistry of α‐Nucleophiles at Neutral pH
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Anupam , Gao Jianmin 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBioorthogonal reactions that are fast and reversible under physiological conditions are in high demand for biological applications. Herein, it is shown that an ortho boronic acid substituent makes aryl ketones rapidly conjugate with α‐nucleophiles at neutral pH. Specifically, 2‐acetylphenylboronic acid and derivatives were found to conjugate with phenylhydrazine with rate constants of 102 to 103 M−1 s−1, comparable to the fastest bioorthogonal conjugations known to date. 11B NMR analysis revealed the varied extent of iminoboronate formation of the conjugates, in which the imine nitrogen forms a dative bond with boron. The iminoboronate formation activates the imines for hydrolysis and exchange, rendering these oxime/hydrazone conjugations reversible and dynamic under physiological conditions. The fast and dynamic nature of the iminoboronate chemistry should find wide applications in biology.
Functionalization of Carbonaceous Nanodots from MnII‐Coordinating Functional Knots
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhang Yu , Jia Mingyan , Meng Hu , Li Hui , Guan Yafeng , Feng Liang 
Published: August 2015

AbstractTransition metal (TM)‐induced functionalization has been expected to be powerful for the modification of carbonaceous nanodots (CDs) for many years. Although some attempts have been made, relevant research evolutions are at a standstill. In this work, a coordination–carbonization protocol to gain MnII‐functionalized CDs (MCDs) was innovatively employed, and the modification of CDs based on metal‐coordinating functional knots was realized. By investigating the structural and photophysical properties, coordinating conformation of functional knots was confirmed and considered to be correlated with excitation‐independent photoluminescence as well as large Stokes shift of MCDs. Moreover, potential applications of MCDs have been extended from common bioimaging and fluorescent inks to new areas, such as chemosensors for volatile organic compounds and anticorrosion fluorescent films.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluorine‐Rich Fluorides: New Insights into the Chemistry of Polyfluoride Anions.
Authors: Vent‐Schmidt Thomas , Brosi Felix , Metzger Jens , Schloeder Tobias , Wang Xuefeng , Andrews Lester , Mueller Carsten , Beckers Helmut , Riedel Sebastian 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe Cs+[F3]‐ ion pair as well as a so far unknown higher polyfluoride anion, [F5]‐ are matrix‐isolated by reaction of laser‐ablated Cs atoms with F2 in excess neon at 4 K, and characterized by IR spectroscopy and coupled‐cluster molecular structure calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of Sc1.91In1.39Mo15Se19, Containing Mo6 and Mo9 Clusters.
Authors: Gougeon Patrick , Gall Philippe , Salloum Diala 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSingle crystals of Sc1.91In1.39Mo15Se19 are obtained by solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of Sc2Se3, MoSe2, InSe, and Mo (sealed Mo crucible, 1773 K, 48 h).
ChemInform Abstract: The Bismuth Subiodides Bi8Pt5I3 and Bi16Pt11I6 — Layered Metals with Covalent Platinum Networks.
Authors: Rasche Bertold , Schnelle Walter , Ruck Michael 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPlatelets of Bi8Pt5I3 (I) and Bi16Pt11I6 (II) are crystallized from melts of Bi, Pt, and BiI3 in the molar ratio of 8:5:3 followed by annealing (silica tube, 750 °C (I) or 630 °C (II); cooling to 600 °C (I) or 550 °C (II) with a rate of 1 K/min, 5 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Type‐I Clathrates of K7.69(2)Cu2.94(6)Ge43.06(6) and Rb8Ag2.79(4)Ge43.21(4).
Authors: Zhang Hui , Xu Xuguang , Li Wei , Mu Gang , Huang Fu‐Qiang , Xie Xiao‐Ming 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe title compounds are synthesized from mixtures of the elements in a molar ratio of K/Rb:Cu/Ag:Ge = 8:2.7:43.3 (Ta tubes, 700 °C, 7 d) and characterized by powder XRD, magnetization and heat capacity measurements, and DFT calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Sr2P7X (X: Cl, Br, and I): Synthesis, Crystal and Electronic Structures of Double Zintl Salts Containing Heptaphosphanortricyclane, P73‐.
Authors: Dolyniuk Juli‐Anna , Tran Nhon , Lee Kathleen , Kovnir Kirill 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSr2P7I is prepared by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of the elements (evacuated silica tube, 973 K, 140 h) and Sr2P7Cl and Sr2P7Br are obtained from the reaction of Sr, red P, and SrBr (or SrCl) in the molar ratio of 3:14:1 under similar annealing conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐(1‐Arylsulfonylalkyl)‐7‐azaindoles as Precursors of Vinylogous Imine Intermediates for Hetero‐Michael Addition Reactions.
Authors: Jin Lunqiang , Jing Linhai , Luo Gan , Wang Rongming , Yin Mingxing , Wu Chaoling , Qin Dabin 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBase‐mediated Michael addition of hetero‐nucleophiles to vinylogous imines provides α‐substituted alkylazaindoles efficiently.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Reductive Cleavage of Aryl Alkyl Ethers to Arenes in Absence of External Reductant.
Authors: Tobisu Mamoru , Morioka Toshifumi , Ohtsuki Akimichi , Chatani Naoto 
Published: August 2015

AbstractA novel procedure for the nickel‐catalyzed deoxygenation of aryl ethers in the absence of an external reductant is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Two Dimensional Inorganic Electride‐Promoted Electron Transfer Efficiency in Transfer Hydrogenation of Alkynes and Alkenes.
Authors: Kim Ye Ji , Kim Sun Min , Cho Eun Jin , Hosono Hideo , Yang Jung Woon , Kim Sung Wng 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe two dimensional electride, dicalcium nitride, is successfully used as electron transfer agent in the simple and highly efficient hydrogenation of alkynes and alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Mediated Thiolation of Carbazole Derivatives and Related N‐Heterocycle Compounds.
Authors: Zhu Longzhi , Cao Xin , Qiu Renhua , Iwasaki Takanori , Reddy Vutukuri Prakash , Xu Xinhua , Yin Shuang‐Feng , Kambe Nobuaki 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe present reaction proceeds site‐selectively using less expensive Cu(OAc)2 without the need for any expensive noble metal catalyst nor additives to give the corresponding sulfenylated products in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Direct Amination of Arenes with Alkylamines.
Authors: Yan Qiangqiang , Chen Zhengkai , Yu Wenlong , Yin Hong , Liu Zhanxiang , Zhang Yuhong 
Published: August 2015

AbstractEfficient Ni‐catalyzed direct amination of unactivated arenes with simple alkylamines is achieved with assistance of a bidentate directing group.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(II)‐Catalyzed C—H Functionalizations Directed by Distal Weakly Coordinating Functional Groups.
Authors: Li Gang , Wan Li , Zhang Guofu , Leow Dasheng , Spangler Jillian , Yu Jin‐Quan 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe direct ortho‐C(sp2)‐H olefination or acetoxylation of phenylacetyl Weinreb amides, esters, and ketones as well as structurally closely related substrates is developed without the need for a directing group.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed α‐Methylenation of Ketones with N,N‐Dimethylacetamide: An Approach for α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Li Yi‐Ming , Lou Shao‐Jie , Zhou Qin‐Hua , Zhu Lian‐Wen , Zhu Long‐Feng , Li Lei 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe title process features a broad substrate scope and tolerates a wide variety of functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhenium‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Olefination of C(sp3)—H Bonds with Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagents.
Authors: Gu Haidong , Wang Congyang 
Published: August 2015

AbstractA combination of Re2(CO)10 as the catalyst with an alanine‐derived hypervalent iodine reagent allows the efficient coupling of cyclic and non‐cyclic ethers, toluene derivatives, and cycloalkanes with styrenes and 1,1‐diarylethanes.