bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depth and lateral deviations in guided implant surgery: an RCT comparing guided surgery with mental navigation or the use of a pilot‐drill template
Authors: Vercruyssen M. , Coucke W. , Naert I. , Jacobs R. , Teughels W. , Quirynen M. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAimTo assess the accuracy of guided surgery compared with mental navigation or the use of a pilot‐drill template in fully edentulous patients.Material and methodsSixty consecutive patients (72 jaws), requiring four to six implants (maxilla or mandible), were randomly assigned to one of the following treatment modalities: Materialise Universal® mucosa, Materialise Universal® bone, Facilitate™ mucosa, Facilitate™ bone, mental navigation, or a pilot‐drill template. Accuracy was assessed by matching the planning CT with a postoperative CBCT. Deviations were registered in a vertical (depth) and horizontal (lateral) plane. The latter further subdivided into BL (bucco‐lingual) and MD (mesio‐distal) deviations.ResultsThe overall mean vertical deviation for the guided surgery groups was 0.9 mm ± 0.8 (range: 0.0–3.7) and 0.9 mm ± 0.6 (range: 0.0–2.9) in a horizontal direction. For the non‐guided groups, this was 1.7 mm ± 1.3 (range: 0.0–6.4) and 2.1 mm ± 1.4 (range 0.0–8.5), respectively (P < 0.05). The overall mean deviation for the guided surgery groups in MD direction was 0.6 mm ± 0.5 (range: 0.0–2.5) and 0.5 mm ± 0.5 (range: 0.0–2.9) in BL direction. For the non‐guided groups, this was 1.8 mm ± 1.4 (range: 0.0–8.3) and 0.7 mm ± 0.6 (range 0.0–2.9), respectively. The deviation in MD direction was significantly higher in the non‐guided groups (P = 0.0002).ConclusionThe most important inaccuracy with guided surgery is in vertical direction (depth). The inaccuracy in MD or BL direction is clearly less. For non‐guided surgery, the inaccuracy is significantly higher.
Protein Kinase C is Essential for Kainate‐Induced Anxiety‐Related Behavior and Glutamatergic Synapse Upregulation in Prelimbic Cortex
Authors: Liu Bei , Feng Jing , Wang Jin‐Hui 
Published: September 2014

SummaryAimAnxiety is one of common mood disorders, in which the deficit of serotonergic and GABAergic synaptic functions in the amygdala and prefrontal cortex is believed to be involved. The pathological changes at the glutamatergic synapses and neurons in these brain regions as well as their underlying mechanisms remain elusive, which we aim to investigate.MethodsAn agonist of kainate‐type glutamate receptors, kainic acid, was applied to induce anxiety‐related behaviors. The morphology and functions of glutamatergic synapses in the prelimbic region of mouse prefrontal cortex were analyzed using cellular imaging and electrophysiology.ResultsAfter kainate‐induced anxiety is onset, the signal transmission at the glutamatergic synapses is upregulated, and the dendritic spine heads are enlarged. In terms of the molecular mechanisms, the upregulated synaptic plasticity is associated with the expression of more protein kinase C (PKC) in the dendritic spines. Chelerythrine, a PKC inhibitor, reverses kainate‐induced anxiety and anxiety‐related glutamatergic synapse upregulation.ConclusionThe activation of glutamatergic kainate‐type receptors leads to anxiety‐related behaviors and glutamatergic synapse upregulation through protein kinase C in the prelimbic region of the mouse prefrontal cortex.
A comparison of rectal, oesophageal and gastro‐intestinal tract temperatures during moderate‐intensity cycling in temperate and hot conditions
Authors: Mündel Toby , Carter James M. , Wilkinson David M. , Jones David A. 
Published: September 2014

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to compare three of the most commonly used methods of core temperature (Tcore) measurement during cycling under different environmental conditions as there are practical problems associated with each method and, sometimes, uncertainty as to which is the appropriate measure. Eight trained males (O2max: 60 ± 7 ml kg−1 min−1) completed two 60‐min cycling trials at ~70% O2max at 20°C (MOD) and 35°C (HOT). Measures of Tcore were made every 5 min with oesophageal (Toes) and rectal (Trec) thermistors and of the gastro‐intestinal tract temperature (Tgi) with a temperature‐sensitive disposable radio pill. During MOD Toes initially plateaued after 10 min, Tgi after 25 min and Trec after 50 min, whereas during HOT these times had increased to 25 min for Toes and 55 min for both Tgi and Trec. Toes consistently provided lower readings than Trec (0·24–0·26°C) and Tgi (0·26–0·28°C) with Tgi and Trec similar (0·02°C). Readings for Tgi displayed closer agreement with Trec (ICC = 0·92) than Toes (ICC = 0·86) with less agreement between Trec and Toes (ICC = 0·84). 95% of all Tgi readings were within ±0·5°C of Trec and within ±0·6°C of Toes with 95% of all Toes readings being within ±0·7°C of Trec. These results demonstrate distinct response times, absolute values and agreement between Tcore measured at different body locations under different ambient conditions. Implications and considerations are discussed.
Safe and efficient colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection in European settings: Is successful implementation of the procedure possible?
Authors: Spychalski Michal , Dziki Adam 
Published: September 2014

Background and AimEndoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is gaining worldwide recognition as valuable alternative to treat early colorectal neoplasia. Although the method is perceived as technically difficult and carries a higher risk of complications than conventional endoscopy, the oncological results are very promising. Herein we aim to present the treatment outcomes of ESD for lesions in the colon and rectum at the beginning of our learning curve.MethodsSeventy consecutive cases of colorectal ESD carried out in our center between June 2013 and May 2014 were analyzed. Effectiveness of dissection, complications and tumor recurrence after 3 months of treatment were investigated.ResultsOf the 70 ESD procedures, 39 were in the rectum, 10 in the sigmoid, eight in the descending colon, six in the ascending colon and seven in the cecum. Average size of removed tumors was 38.1 mm. In 50 cases, en‐block resection was achieved. In this group, 97% cases were R0 resection. Perforation occurred in four cases (5.7%) of which three were managed with endoclips. In four cases, significant bleeding occurred. In a follow‐up examination, two of 41 patients (4.9%) had recurrent adenoma that was successfully endoscopically removed.ConclusionsThe results confirm that ESD is an effective and safe modality for treatment of colorectal epithelial neoplasia in the colon and rectum even at the beginning of the learning curve. After proper training, results in Europe and Japan may be comparable.
The effect of the dual PI3K and mTOR inhibitor BEZ235 on tumour growth and osteolytic bone disease in multiple myeloma
Authors: Gan Zhen Ying , Fitter Stephen , Vandyke Kate , To Luen B. , Zannettino Andrew C.W. , Martin Sally K. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe plasma cell malignancy multiple myeloma (MM) is unique among haematological malignancies in its capacity to cause osteoclast‐mediated skeletal destruction. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway mediates proliferation, survival and drug resistance in MM plasma cells and is also involved in regulating the formation and activity of bone‐forming osteoblasts and bone‐resorbing osteoclasts. NVP‐BEZ235 is a dual pan class I PI3K and mTOR inhibitor that is currently undergoing clinical evaluation in several tumour settings. In this study, we examined the anti‐tumorigenic effects of BEZ235 in an immunocompetent mouse model of MM and assessed the effects of BEZ235 on osteoblast and osteoclast formation and function. BEZ235 treatment (50 mg/kg) resulted in a significant decrease in serum paraprotein and tumour burden, and μCT analysis of the proximal tibia revealed a significant reduction in the number of osteolytic bone lesions in BEZ235‐treated animals. Levels of the serum osteoblast marker P1NP were significantly higher in BEZ235‐treated animals, while levels of the osteoclast marker TRAcP5 were reduced. In vitro, BEZ235 decreased MM plasma cell proliferation, osteoclast formation and function and promoted osteoblast formation and function. These findings suggest that, in addition to its anti‐tumour properties, BEZ235 could be useful in treating osteolytic bone disease in MM patients.
Epilepsy prevalence and socioeconomic deprivation in England
Authors: Steer Samuel , Pickrell William O. , Kerr Michael P. , Thomas Rhys H. 
Published: September 2014

SummaryObjectiveEpilepsy is more prevalent in areas of greater socioeconomic deprivation; however, the factors that comprise this deprivation are not understood. We aimed to investigate the association between epilepsy, individual elements of deprivation, and geographic region in order to identify modifiable elements.MethodsEpilepsy prevalence was calculated via retrospective analysis of data recorded by general practitioners via the Quality and Outcomes Framework. The Index of Multiple Deprivation scores at Local Authority level for the entire population of England was employed. Epilepsy prevalence was evaluated for correlation against all seven indicators within the Indices of Multiple Deprivation. Data were analyzed including and excluding the city of London.ResultsOf the 37,699,503 patients in this study, 304,331 were registered as having epilepsy (prevalence 8 per 1,000; range 4.3–11.6). Positive correlation was seen with total Index of Multiple Deprivation score (r = 0.468, p < 0.01); education skills and training (r = 0.665, p < 0.01); employment deprivation (r = 0.629, p < 0.01); health deprivation and disability (r = 0.617, p < 0.01); income deprivation (r = 0.358, p < 0.01); crime (r = 0.232, p < 0.01); but not living environment (r = 0.079, p = 0.08). Negative correlation was seen between epilepsy prevalence and barriers to housing and services (r = −0.415, p < 0.01). When the data were analyzed excluding London, all correlations were strengthened. Epilepsy prevalence in adults varies by 2.5‐fold across England, from 4.3 per 1,000 in Kensington and Chelsea to 11.6 per 1,000 in Blackpool.SignificanceThis study shows a strong correlation between epilepsy prevalence and specific measures of socioeconomic deprivation. Many of these deprivation factors are potentially remediable. We hypothesize that people with epilepsy may move into urban areas and toward their general practitioner. This predominantly means an urban location but avoiding areas where the cost of living—particularly housing—is prohibitive, such as central London. The existing negative impact of epilepsy on employment and higher education may be exacerbated when people with epilepsy live in areas of greater socioeconomic deprivation.
Relationship between quality of root canal obturation and periapical lesion in elderly patients: a systematic review
Authors: Rutz da Silva Fabrício , Padilha Edna Zakrzevski , Cândido Valéria Silva , Cavassim Rodrigo , Pereira Antonio Carlos , Hebling Eduardo 
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between quality of root canal obturations and the presence/absence of periapical lesion in elderly patients.MethodologyThis was a systematic conducted by means analysing studies on the quality of root canal obturations and their relationship with periapical health in elderly patients. The methodological procedures were based on Cochrane. The inclusion criteria for selection of the titles were the following: (i) studies in humans; (ii) sample consisting of individuals aged 60 years or older; (iii) intending criteria defined for the evaluation of quality of root canal obturations; (iv) intending criteria defined for the evaluation of periapical health; (v) determination of the relationship between quality of endodontic treatment and presence of periapical lesions; and (vi) articles published between 1st March 2003 and 1st March 2013.ResultsA total of 3161 potentially relevant studies were found in three databases chosen for the literature review, with 1669 being repeated and 395 duplicated. Therefore, the abstracts of 1097 studies were read. A total of 1022 studies were excluded, resulting in 75 articles for full analysis. However, no study could be included in the present literature review.ConclusionThere is no consensus on the relationship between the quality of root canal obturations and periapical health in older patients.
Falling and fall risk factors in adults with haemophilia: an exploratory study
Authors: Sammels M. , Vandesande J. , Vlaeyen E. , Peerlinck K. , Milisen K. 
Published: September 2014

SummaryFalls are a particular risk in persons with haemophilia (PWH) because of damaged joints, high risk of bleeding, possible impact on the musculoskeletal system and functioning and costs associated with treatment for these fall‐related injuries. In addition, fall risk increases with age and PWH are increasingly entering the over 65 age group. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of falls during the past year and to explore which fall risk factors are present in community‐dwelling PWH. Dutch speaking community‐dwelling adults were included from the age of 40 years with severe or moderate haemophilia A or B, independent in their mobility and registered at the University Hospitals Leuven. They were asked to come to the haemophilia centre; otherwise a telephone survey was conducted. Demographic and social variables, medical variables, fall evaluation and clinical variables were queried. From the 89 PWH, 74 (83.1%) participated in the study. Twenty‐four (32.4%) fell in the past year, and 10 of them (41.7%) more than once with an average of four falls. Living conditions, physical activity, avoidance of winter sports due to fear of falling, orthopaedic status, urinary incontinence and mobility impairments are potential fall risk factors in adult PWH. This exploratory study indicates that PWH are attentive to falling since they are at higher risk for falls and because of the serious consequences it might have. Screening and fall prevention should be stimulated in the daily practice of haemophilia care.
Prolonged survival by combined treatment with granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor and dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor in a rat small‐for‐size liver transplantation model
Authors: Hsu Li‐Wen , Nakano Toshiaki , Huang Kuang‐Tzu , Chen Chien‐Chih , Chen Kuang‐Den , Lai Chia‐Yun , Yang Shih‐Ming , Lin Chih‐Che , Wang Chih‐Chi , Cheng Yu‐Fan , Chiu King‐Wah , Kuo Yur‐Ren , Goto Shigeru , Chen Chao‐Long 
Published: September 2014

AimDespite the great advances and excellent outcomes of liver transplantation (LT), small‐for‐size (SFS) graft syndrome is a life‐threatening complication that remains to be overcome. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of combined treatment with granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) and a dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP‐IV) inhibitor on SFS liver graft syndrome.MethodsThe transplantation of small‐sized Lewis donor livers into green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic Wistar rats was performed and the recipients were randomly assigned to one of four groups (without treatment, DPP‐IV inhibitor treatment, G‐CSF treatment and G‐CSF/DPP‐IV inhibitor combination). Recombinant human G‐CSF was injected s.c. at a dose of 2 μg/kg per day starting 5 days prior to transplantation. G‐CSF was combined with the p.o. administration of a DPP‐IV inhibitor (2 mg/kg per day) after transplantation until the end of the observation period.ResultsThe post‐transplant survival and liver function of rats treated with G‐CSF/DPP‐IV inhibitor combination therapy were significantly improved with an increased number of recipient‐derived GFP positive cells into the liver grafts. A confocal microscopy study showed cytokeratin (CK)‐18 and GFP positive hepatic progenitor cells in the parenchyma of the liver allografts. Untreated rats and rats treated with either G‐CSF or DPP‐IV inhibitor did not exhibit the prolonged survival and had less GFP and CK‐18 positive cells in the liver grafts after SFS LT.ConclusionOur results suggest that combined treatment with G‐CSF and DPP‐IV inhibitor may synergistically induce migration and differentiation of recipient‐derived stem cells into the hepatic progenitor cells, resulting in the amelioration of SFS liver graft syndrome.
Tax without Design: Recent Developments in UK Tax Policy
Authors: Johnson Paul 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThis paper considers the development of tax policy in the UK over the last decade or so and assesses policy change against a low bar – consistency and coherence. While this government has followed some consistent policies – notably, in some aspects of corporation tax and in increasing the income tax personal allowance – there are few signs of a wider coherent strategy. The same has been true of other recent governments. Many aspects of the system have become more complex. There have been numerous policy reversals. And few of those aspects of the system in most need of reform have been tackled. The need for reform, and a clear strategy for reform, remain as pressing as ever.
“Silence and Cowardice” at the University of Michigan: World War I and the Pursuit of Un-American Faculty
Authors: Cain Timothy Reese 
Published: September 2014

In September 1915, Minne Allen traveled from her native Germany to the United States, where her new husband Edward was set to begin a position as math instructor in the University of Michigan's College of Engineering. Although Minne was nervous about moving from cosmopolitan Berlin to a small college town and worried about the war ravaging Europe, she was excited to begin her married life. Four years later, the University of Michigan Board of Regents initiated dismissal proceedings against her husband, alleging that he had supported Germany in the recently concluded war. Even before Edward's removal, Minne had grown tired of the constant suspicion and surveillance that the university and her hyper-patriotic neighbors forced her and her husband to endure. She wrote to her mother:The unwillingness to subscribe voluntarily to the purchase of war bonds was and is still enough to dismiss an employee, especially if he is an independently thinking and acting employee who dares openly to criticize and to make suggestions for an honorable government policy and to work for peace and reconciliation…. Forced by many considerations, the educational institutions, which should have the greatest freedom of thought, have become places of silence and cowardice.
A Study of Maltreated Children and Their Families in Juvenile Court. III. Case Plans
Authors: Karatekin Canan , Gehrman Richard , Lawler Jamie 
Published: September 2014

AbstractWe reviewed publicly available court records of 88 cases referred to juvenile court for maltreatment in Hennepin County, Minnesota. The goal of the current study was to examine the content of, and extent of compliance with, case plans. There was an average of 9.5 items per child on the case plan. About half the case plans did not address at least one presenting maltreatment type. Compliance was generally high for items ordered for the children, and for cases that ended in family preservation. However, information on compliance was not included in the court records for many of the items.
DOES EQUITY‐BASED COMPENSATION MAKE CEOS MORE ACQUISITIVE?
Authors: Boulton Thomas J. , Braga‐Alves Marcus V. , Schlingemann Frederik P. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractTheory is conflicted on the impact of equity‐based compensation on managerial risk taking. We explore this issue by studying the relation between equity‐based compensation and firms' propensity to make acquisitions. Consistent with the notion that equity‐based compensation encourages managerial risk taking, we report a positive relation between equity‐based compensation and CEO acquisitiveness. Additionally, we find that the number of acquisitions, acquisition size, use of equity as payment, and propensity to acquire private firms are all positively associated with equity‐based compensation. Abnormal returns around acquisition announcements suggest that the impact of equity‐based compensation is not uniformly positive for acquiring‐firm shareholders.
Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for management of recurrent/relapsed ovarian granulosa cell tumor: A single‐center experience
Authors: Al‐Badawi Ismail A. , Abu‐Zaid Ahmed , Azzam Ayman , AlOmar Osama , AlHusaini Hamed , Amin Tarek 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to retrospectively report our experience (efficacy/morbidity) with cytoreductive surgery+hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS+HIPEC) for the management of recurrent/relapsed ovarian granulosa cell tumors (OGCT).Material and MethodsFrom 2010 to 2013, six patients underwent CRS+HIPEC. CRS was performed with standard peritonectomy procedures and visceral resections directed towards complete elimination of tumors from the abdominopelvic cavity. HIPEC was performed with cisplatin (50 mg/m2) and doxorubicin (15 mg/m2) and allowed to circulate in the abdominopelvic cavity for 90 min at 41.0–42.2°C.ResultsCytoreduction completeness (CC‐0) was achieved in all except one patient (CC‐1). Five patients had OGCT recurrences in abdomen+pelvis and one patient in abdomen only. No grade V morbidity (Clavien–Dindo classification) occurred. Two patients developed lung atelectasis, which was managed by mere chest physiotherapy (grade I). One patient developed urinary tract infection (grade II) and another patient developed pneumonia (grade II) – both of which were managed by antibiotics. One patient developed splenic bed and anterior abdominal wall collections requiring ultrasound‐guided aspiration without general anesthesia (grade III). One patient developed pulmonary embolism requiring intensive care‐unit management (grade IV). Four chemo‐naïve patients received adjuvant chemotherapy whereas the remaining two previously chemo‐exposed patients received no adjuvant therapy. All patients were alive and disease‐free without proof of recurrence/relapse at 40, 32, 27, 24, 20 and 16 months. The average interval of follow‐up after CRS+HIPEC was roughly 27 months (range: 16–40 months).ConclusionCRS+HIPEC appears to be an efficacious and morbidly well‐tolerated therapeutic modality for recurrent/relapsed OGCT. Long‐term follow‐up data and further research are needed.
Overexpression of myosin is associated with the development of uterine myoma
Authors: Zhang Wenchao , Cheng Zhongping , Qu Xiaoyan , Dai Hong , Ke Xiaoping , Chen Zijiang 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAimMyosin is involved in cell contraction and motility, but it is unclear whether it is involved in cell proliferation in uterine myoma. In this study therefore we aimed to explore the role of myosin in uterine myoma.Material and MethodsImmunohistochemistry and real‐time polymerase chain reaction were used to determine the expression of myosin light chain (MLC), myosin heavy chain (MHC) and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) in patient uterine myoma and adjacent smooth muscle tissue. Human uterine fibroid cells were isolated and cultured in vitro, myosin heavy chain 11 (MHC subtype expressed in uterine fibroid cells) was knocked down by RNA interference to reduce the expression of myosin, then cell proliferation was determined by the methyl thiazol tetrazolium bromide method. To explore the possible mechanism of reduced cell proliferation after myosin heavy chain 11 knockdown, the downstream proteins collagen I, insulin‐like growth factor‐1, fibronectin and proteoglycans were analyzed.ResultsExpression of MLC, MHC, MLCK and p‐MLCK in uterine myoma cells was significantly higher than in adjacent smooth muscle cells. After knockdown of MHC, smooth muscle cell proliferation decreased, and the production of collagen I, insulin‐like growth factor‐1 and fibronectin was also reduced, but proteoglycans did not show any significant change.ConclusionMyosin is overexpressed in uterine myoma, and the overexpression of myosin is associated with both uterine contraction and tumor development of uterine myoma.