bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between team autonomy and new product development performance under different levels of technological turbulence⋆
Authors: Chen Jiyao , Neubaum Donald O. , Reilly Richard R. , Lynn Gary S. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractOperations management researchers have frequently suggested that autonomy can motivate teams to actively and flexibly adapt to fast‐changing environments, fostering innovation and creative problem solving. However, empirical studies have not consistently supported the benefits of team autonomy. We articulate the behavioral and mechanistic effects of team autonomy by integrating operations management and behavioral literatures. Further, we view team autonomy as a bipolar factor and argue that both the behavioral and mechanistic effects of team autonomy on operational outcomes are non‐linear. Drawing on information processing theory, we propose that the benefits of team autonomy depend on the degree of technological turbulence. A study of 212 new product development projects supports these propositions. Specifically, the relationship between team autonomy and operational outcomes is ∩‐shaped in technologically turbulent environments and U‐shaped in technologically stable environments. Further, operational outcomes mediate the relationships between team autonomy and product success. We discuss the theoretical implications regarding new product development, operations management, the bipolarity of autonomy, and information‐processing theory.
Symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and quality of life of mothers of school‐aged children: The roles of child, mother, and family variables
Authors: Chen Vincent Chin‐Hung , Yeh Chin‐Jung , Lee Tzu‐Chi , Chou Jen‐Yu , Shao Wen‐Chuan , Shih Ding‐Ho , Chen Chun‐Ing , Lee Pei‐Chin 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis study examined the impact of inattention and hyperactivity symptoms in children and mothers, opposition problems in children, maternal depression, and perceived family support on the quality of life (QOL) of mothers. Mothers of children in one elementary school were contacted. The relationship between sociodemographic variables, the levels of inattention and hyperactivity symptoms in children and mothers, oppositional symptoms in children, maternal depression, perceived family support, and maternal QOL were examined. Three hundred and eighty‐two participants were included in this study. Consistent factors related to the mother's QOL in the four domains were maternal depression, perceived family support, and housing status after controlling for several family, maternal, and child variables. Maternal QOL was more related to her own and family factors including maternal inattention, hyperactivity and depression symptoms, perceived family support, and housing status, instead of parent‐rated inattention and hyperactivity symptoms of the child. Screening for maternal inattention, hyperactivity and depression symptoms, and mental health services for these mothers are warranted based on these findings.
Epidemiology of Hunting Stand Injuries Presenting to US Emergency Departments, 2008–2013
Authors: Loder Randall T. 
Published: October 2014

Objective To determine the epidemiology of injuries from hunting stands presenting to US emergency departments (EDs). Methods The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database was queried for ED visits for the period 2008 through 2013 for hunting stand injuries and analyzed for age, diagnosis, sex, race, anatomic location of the injury, the use of alcohol, and association with a gunshot wound. Results There were an estimated 38,308 visits with an average age of 40.0 years (range, 1–83 years). The patients were predominantly male (93.3%), white (99.1%), and seen at small- or medium-size hospitals (80.6%). Disposition from the ED was admission in 20.1% and released in 79.9%. A fall occurred in 80.3%, a gunshot wound in 0.4%, and alcohol was involved in 0.6%. The most common diagnoses were a fracture (34.7%), contusion or abrasion (24.0%), strain or sprain (16.8%), laceration (7.7%), and internal organ injury (5.4%). Those injured in a fall were more frequently admitted (23.0% vs. 8.7%) and more likely to have a fracture (37.9% vs. 9.1%). Those with a fracture were older (44.6% vs. 37.9%). Those with internal organ injuries were more frequently admitted (44.8% vs 18.6%). Conclusions This study has characterized the epidemiology of hunting stand injuries with most occurring from falls. A fracture was the most common injury with a very low alcohol intoxication rate. These baseline data can now be used to compare other studies of hunting stand injuries and guide prevention strategies, such as education regarding the need for safety measures to prevent falls.
Review: psychiatric and medical consequences of disordered sleep
Authors: Stores G. 
Published: October 2014

Objectives:The aim of this article is to draw attention to the clinical importance of disordered sleep in psychiatry and to demonstrate the growing awareness of medical illness as a complication of disordered sleep. As background to these main objectives, some general points are made to illustrate present-day approaches to the common and often serious problem of sleep disturbance.Methods:The review is based on a literature search from which key publications were selected to illustrate, in turn, main connections between disordered sleep and psychiatric and medical conditions.Results:Many such connections are described. Throughout psychiatry, regarding patients whatever their age, these connections have implications for clinical assessment and management. Emphasis is placed on the risk of misdiagnosis of sleep disorders as psychiatric or medical conditions. Examples of this are provided. The growing evidence that disordered sleep can predispose to medical illness is discussed.Conclusion:As the subject of sleep and its disorders is particular relevant in psychiatry, a working knowledge of modern sleep medicine is important in all branches of psychiatric and other medical practice as well as in clinical research.
Freezing colloidal suspensions: periodic ice lenses and compaction
Authors: Anderson Anthony M. , Grae Worster M. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractRecent directional solidification experiments with aqueous suspensions of alumina particles (Anderson & Worster, Langmuir, vol. 28 (48), 2012, pp. 16512–16523) motivate a model for freezing colloidal suspensions that builds upon a theoretical framework developed by Rempel et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 498, 2004, pp. 227–244) in the context of freezing soils. Ice segregates from the suspension at slow freezing rates into discrete horizontal layers of particle-free ice, known as ice lenses. A portion of the particles is trapped between ice lenses, while the remainder are pushed ahead, forming a layer of fully compacted particles separated from the bulk suspension by a sharp compaction front. By dynamically modelling the compaction front, the growth kinetics of the ice lenses are fully coupled to the viscous flow through the evolving compacted layer. We examine the periodic states that develop at fixed freezing rates in a constant, uniform temperature gradient, and compare the results against experimental observations. Congruent with the experiments, three periodic regimes are identified. At low freezing rates, a regular periodic sequence of ice lenses is obtained; predictions for the compacted layer thickness and ice-lens characteristics as a function of freezing rate are consistent with experiments. At intermediate freezing rates, multiple modes of periodic ice lenses occur with a significantly diminished compacted layer. When the cohesion between the compacted particles is sufficiently strong, a sequence of mode-doubling bifurcations lead to chaos, which may explain the disordered ice lenses observed experimentally. Finally, beyond a critical freezing rate, the regime for sustained ice-lens growth breaks down. This breakdown is consistent with the emergence of a distinct regime of ice segregation found experimentally, which exhibits a periodic, banded structure that is qualitatively distinct from ice lenses.
ON EXPONENTIAL DIOPHANTINE EQUATIONS CONTAINING THE EULER QUOTIENT
Authors: TERAI NOBUHIRO 
Published: October 2014

AbstractLet $a$ and $m$ be relatively prime positive integers with $a>1$ and $m>2$. Let ${\it\phi}(m)$ be Euler’s totient function. The quotient $E_{m}(a)=(a^{{\it\phi}(m)}-1)/m$ is called the Euler quotient of $m$ with base $a$. By Euler’s theorem, $E_{m}(a)$ is an integer. In this paper, we consider the Diophantine equation $E_{m}(a)=x^{l}$ in integers $x>1,l>1$. We conjecture that this equation has exactly five solutions $(a,m,x,l)$ except for $(l,m)=(2,3),(2,6)$, and show that if the equation has solutions, then $m=p^{s}$ or $m=2p^{s}$ with $p$ an odd prime and $s\geq 1$.
ON SETS OF PP-GENERATORS OF FINITE GROUPS
Authors: KREMPA JAN , STOCKA AGNIESZKA 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe classes of finite groups with minimal sets of generators of fixed cardinalities, named ${\mathcal{B}}$-groups, and groups with the basis property, in which every subgroup is a ${\mathcal{B}}$-group, contain only $p$-groups and some $\{p,q\}$-groups. Moreover, abelian ${\mathcal{B}}$-groups are exactly $p$-groups. If only generators of prime power orders are considered, then an analogue of property ${\mathcal{B}}$ is denoted by ${\mathcal{B}}_{pp}$ and an analogue of the basis property is called the pp-basis property. These classes are larger and contain all nilpotent groups and some cyclic $q$-extensions of $p$-groups. In this paper we characterise all finite groups with the pp-basis property as products of $p$-groups and precisely described $\{p,q\}$-groups.
A CASE FOR HARMONIZING LAWS ON MARITIME INTERCEPTIONS OF IRREGULAR MIGRANTS
Authors: Klein Natalie 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMaritime interceptions continue as a fundamental dimension to external border controls against irregular migration, as seen most recently in Australia's institution of Operation Sovereign Borders in late 2013. The practice of developed States has highlighted the varied application and interpretation of four bodies of international law: the law of the sea, search and rescue obligations, refugee obligations and international human rights law. This article assesses this practice and the use of laws, highlighting the fragmentation of international law that has resulted. A proposal is presented to harmonize these laws and reconcile the divergent policy perspectives of different stakeholders.
Bisphenol A exposure and associations with obesity among adults: a critical review
Authors: Oppeneer Sarah J , Robien Kim 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo review the literature on bisphenol A (BPA) exposure and obesity in human populations.DesignSystematic review of the literature via searches of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and reference lists for articles published to 1 August 2014.SettingChina, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Sweden, UK, USA.SubjectsAdults (≥18 years).ResultsEighteen articles were identified and included in the review. Twelve studies included secondary evaluations of BPA exposure and BMI, and six studies evaluated body composition as the primary outcome. All analyses were cross-sectional and no study included in the review received a positive quality rating (twelve negative, six neutral). Eight studies observed a statistically significant positive association between urinary or serum BPA levels and BMI, and ten studies observed no association. Studies where BMI was a primary outcome and studies of neutral quality were more likely to observe an association.ConclusionsStudy results are conflicting and significant methodological issues limit the ability to draw conclusions from these studies. Prospective studies that measure BPA exposure and changes in body weight and composition are needed to establish temporality, causality and the direction of any observed associations.
GLOBAL WELL-POSEDNESS AND INSTABILITY OF A NONLINEAR SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION WITH HARMONIC POTENTIAL
Authors: SAANOUNI T. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the Cauchy problem for a nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a harmonic potential and exponential growth nonlinearity in two space dimensions. In the defocusing case, global well-posedness is obtained. In the focusing case, existence of nonglobal solutions is discussed via potential-well arguments.
HIGHER ORDER CONGRUENCES AMONGST HASSE–WEIL -VALUES
Authors: DELBOURGO DANIEL , PETERS LLOYD 
Published: October 2014

AbstractFor the $(d+1)$-dimensional Lie group $G=\mathbb{Z}_{p}^{\times }\ltimes \mathbb{Z}_{p}^{\oplus d}$, we determine through the use of $p$-power congruences a necessary and sufficient set of conditions whereby a collection of abelian $L$-functions arises from an element in $K_{1}(\mathbb{Z}_{p}\unicode[STIX]{x27E6}G\unicode[STIX]{x27E7})$. If $E$ is a semistable elliptic curve over $\mathbb{Q}$, these abelian $L$-functions already exist; therefore, one can obtain many new families of higher order $p$-adic congruences. The first layer congruences are then verified computationally in a variety of cases.
Osteopontin mediates mineralization and not osteogenic cell development in vitro
Authors: Holm Erik , Gleberzon Jared S. , Liao Yinyin , Sørensen Esben S. , Beier Frank , Hunter Graeme K. , Goldberg Harvey A. 
Published: October 2014

Biomineralization is a complex process in the development of mineralized tissues such as bone and pathological calcifications such as atherosclerotic plaques, kidney stones and gout. Osteopontin (OPN), an anionic phosphoprotein, is expressed in mineralizing tissues and has previously been demonstrated to be a potent inhibitor of hydroxyapatite formation. The OPN-deficient (Opn−/−) mouse displays a hypermineralized bone phenotype starting at 12 weeks postnatally. By isolating and culturing Opn−/− and wild-type (WT) osteoblasts, we sought to determine the role of OPN and two of its functional peptides in osteoblast development and mineralization. Opn−/− osteoblasts had significantly increased mineral deposition relative to their WT counterparts, with no physiologically relevant change in gene expression of osteogenic markers. Supplementation with bovine milk OPN (mOPN) led to a dramatic reduction in mineral deposition by the Opn−/− osteoblasts. Treatment with OPN-derived peptides corresponding to phosphorylated OPN-(220–235) (P3) and non-phosphorylated OPN-(65–80) (OPAR) also rescued the hypermineralization phenotype of Opn−/− osteogenic cultures. Supplementation with mOPN or the OPN-derived peptides did not alter the expression of terminal osteogenic markers. These data suggest that OPN plays an important role in the regulation of biomineralization, but that OPN does not appear to affect osteoblast cell development in vitro.
Quantification of the transferability of a designed protein specificity switch reveals extensive epistasis in molecular recognition
Authors: Melero Cristina , Ollikainen Noah , Harwood Ian , Karpiak Joel , Kortemme Tanja 
Published: October 2014

Significance
Specific interactions between proteins control the function of essentially all cellular processes. Despite the importance of interaction specificity, it is unclear how structurally similar proteins achieve their unique recognition preferences. Here, we redesign the specificity of a protein binding domain and quantify the extent to which the designed specificity switch can be transferred to homologous domains. We show that identical mutations in structurally similar domains have a wide range of effects on specificity. We apply a structure-based computational model that recapitulates this context dependence. Our findings show how subtle structural differences between homologous domains contribute to their unique specificities. The differential responses to similar mutation observed here could help explain how families of recognition domains have evolved diverse new interactions.
Obesity accelerates epigenetic aging of human liver
Authors: Horvath Steve , Erhart Wiebke , Brosch Mario , Ammerpohl Ole , von Schönfels Witigo , Ahrens Markus , Heits Nils , Bell Jordana T. , Tsai Pei-Chien , Spector Tim D. , Deloukas Panos , Siebert Reiner , Sipos Bence , Becker Thomas , Röcken Christoph , Schafmayer Clemens , Hampe Jochen 
Published: October 2014

Significance
Because obese people are at an increased risk of many age-related diseases, it is a plausible hypothesis that obesity increases the biological age of some tissues and cell types. However, it has been difficult to detect such an accelerated aging effect because it is unclear how to measure tissue age. Here we use a recently developed biomarker of aging (known as “epigenetic clock”) to study the relationship between epigenetic age and obesity in several human tissues. We report an unexpectedly strong correlation between high body mass index and the epigenetic age of liver tissue. This finding may explain why obese people suffer from the early onset of many age-related pathologies, including liver cancer.
Reaction–diffusion model of hair-bundle morphogenesis
Authors: Jacobo Adrian , Hudspeth A. J. 
Published: October 2014

Significance
Our senses of hearing and balance rest upon the activity of hair cells, the ear’s sensory receptors. Each hair cell detects mechanical stimuli with its hair bundle, an organelle comprising 10–300 cylindrical, actin-filled stereocilia. A bundle’s structure is highly stereotyped: the stereocilia stand erect in a regular, hexagonal array and display a monotonic gradient in length along one axis. This precise organization is key to the operation of the hair bundle: mutations that disturb the morphology of the bundle generally result in deafness. Here we provide a detailed mathematical model of hair-bundle morphogenesis that reproduces the essential features of bundles. The model also permits prediction of the effects of mutations, some of which have already been observed.
MAXI observations of gamma-ray bursts
Authors: Serino Motoko , Sakamoto Takanori , Kawai Nobuyuki , Yoshida Atsumasa , Ohno Masanori , Ogawa Yuji , Nishimura Yasunori , Fukushima Kosuke , Higa Masaya , Ishikawa Kazuto , Ishikawa Masaki , Kawamuro Taiki , Kimura Masashi , Matsuoka Masaru , Mihara Tatehiro , Morii Mikio , Nakagawa Yujin E. , Nakahira Satoshi , Nakajima Motoki , Nakano Yuki , Negoro Hitoshi , Onodera Takuya , Sasaki Masayuki , Shidatsu Megumi , Sugimoto Juri , Sugizaki Mutsumi , Suwa Fumitoshi , Suzuki Kazuhiko , Tachibana Yutaro , Takagi Toshihiro , Toizumi Takahiro , Tomida Hiroshi , Tsuboi Yohko , Tsunemi Hiroshi , Ueda Yoshihiro , Ueno Shiro , Usui Ryuichi , Yamada Hisaki , Yamamoto Takayuki , Yamaoka Kazutaka , Yamauchi Makoto , Yoshidome Koshiro , Yoshii Taketoshi 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image (MAXI) Gas Slit Camera (GSC) detects gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), including bursts with soft spectra, such as X-ray flashes (XRFs). MAXI/GSC is sensitive to the energy range from 2 to 30 keV. This energy range is lower than other currently operating instruments which are capable of detecting GRBs. Since the beginning of the MAXI operation on 2009 August 15, GSC observed 35 GRBs up to the middle of 2013. One third of them were also observed by other satellites. The rest of them show a trend to have soft spectra and low fluxes. Because of the contribution of those XRFs, the MAXI GRB rate is about three times higher than those expected from the BATSE log N–log P distribution. When we compare it to the observational results of the Wide-field X-ray Monitor on the High Energy Transient Explorer 2, which covers the the same energy range as that of MAXI/GSC, we find the possibility that many of the MAXI bursts are XRFs with Epeak lower than 20 keV. We discuss the source of soft GRBs observed only by MAXI. The MAXI log N–log S distribution suggests that the MAXI XRFs are distributed over a closer distance than hard GRBs. Since the distributions of the hardness of galactic stellar flares and X-ray bursts overlap with those of MAXI GRBs, we discuss the possibility of confusion of such galactic transients with the MAXI GRB samples.
Utility of the Surgical Apgar Score for Patients Who Undergo Surgery for Spinal Metastasis
Authors: Lau Darryl , Yee Timothy J. , La Marca Frank , Patel Rakesh , Park Paul 
Published: October 2014

Study Design:
Retrospective review of patients who underwent surgery for spinal metastasis between 2005 and 2011.

Objective:
To assess the utility of the surgical Apgar score (SAS) in patients who underwent surgery for spinal metastasis.

Summary of Background Data:
Surgery for spinal metastasis can be associated with relatively high morbidity and mortality. Consequently, identifying patients at risk for major postoperative complications is important. Several studies have validated SAS for predicting 30-day complication risk.

Methods:
SASs were calculated and patients stratified into 5 groups: scores 0–2, 3–4, 5–6, 7–8, 9–10 points. Multivariate logistic regression assessed whether SAS was an independent predictor of major complication 30 days after surgery. Multivariate analysis of covariance assessed whether SAS was independently associated with length of stay.

Results:
Ninety-seven patients with a variety of metastatic tumors were analyzed. There was no obvious trend in complication rates, or significant association between SAS and complication rate (P=0.413). Complication rates were 25.0% for SASs 0–2, 33.3% for 3–4, 18.4% for 5–6, 10.0% for 7–8, and 33.3% for 9–10 points. On multivariate analysis, SAS was not independently associated with complications; age above 65 years (odds ratio 4.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.31–52.27; P=0.028) and preoperative Karnofsky Performance Score of 10–40 (odds ratio 9.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.42–58.63; P=0.020) were associated with higher odds of complication. SASs 0–2 were an independent predictor of longer hospital stay (P=0.004).

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that SAS is not a significant predictor of major perioperative complications after spinal metastasis surgery; preoperative functional status and age are stronger predictors. The need continues for a preoperative scoring system to reliably predict risk for perioperative complications after spinal metastasis surgery.
A Change in Lumbar Sagittal Alignment After Single-level Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Degenerative Spondylolisthesis With Normal Sagittal Balance
Authors: Kim Chi Heon , Chung Chun Kee , Park Sung Bae , Yang Seung Heon , Kim Jung-Hee 
Published: October 2014

Study design:
Retrospective analysis.

Objective:
The object is to assess the correlation between whole lumbar lordosis (LL) and the segmental angle (SA) after single-level anterior lumbar interbody fusion for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis.

Summary of Background Data:
The restoration of the SA at lower lumbar spine is meaningful, considering it contributes approximately 60% of LL, and revision surgery due to flat back or adjacent segment pathology was necessary decades after the initial surgery. However, little is known about the change of whole lumbar curvature after single-level lower lumbar fusion surgery, especially for balanced spine.

Materials and Methods:
We included 41 consecutive patients (M:F=9:32; mean age, 59.8±9.3 y) with a single-level anterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery for low-grade degenerative spinal spondylolisthesis, with C7 plumb line of <5 cm and ≥2-year follow-up period. The operated levels were L4–L5 in 34 patients and L5–S1 in 7 patients. Whole LL, SA, pelvic tilt, and sacral slope were compared.

Results:
According to the Macnab criteria, a favorable outcome (excellent, 21; good, 15) was achieved in 36/41 (88%; excellent, 21; good, 15) patients. LL and SA were significantly changed from −50.8±9.9 to −54.6±11.1 degrees and −15.6±6.1 to −18.7±5.1 degrees (P<0.01), and a positive correlation (r=0.43, P=0.01) was observed between LL and SA at postoperative month 24. The changes to the pelvic tilt and sacral slope were not significant.

Conclusions:
Whole lumbar sagittal alignment was influenced by single SA. Therefore, obtaining adequate segmental lordosis is desirable considering the effect on the whole spine for a long time.