bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wechselwirkung eines kondensierten Stickstoffmolekularstrahls mit einem koaxialen Elektronenstrahl
Authors: Becker E.W. , Hoffmann V.H. , Kessler R.W. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Einem von einer Unterbrecherscheibe kurzzeitig freigegebenen kondensierten Stickstoffmole-kularstrahl wird ein Elektronenstrahl koaxial entgegengeschickt. Es zeigt sich, daß der divergent aus der Kanone austretende Elektronenstrahl nach Erreichen des kondensierten Molekularstrahls zur Strahlachse hin umgelenkt und im Molekularstrahl gesammelt wird. Die von dem Elektronen-strahl im kondensierten Molekularstrahl hervorgerufene Ionisierung reicht aus, um eine elektrische Entladung im kondensierten Molekularstrahl zu zünden.
Die Dispersion des Kerr-Effektes. V.
Authors: Kuball H.G. , Galler W. , Göb R. , Singer D. 
Published: February 2015

The definition of a complex Kerr constant follows from the description of the interaction of light with molecules in an electrostatic field. The treatment is based on the time-dependent perturbation theory, assuming a quasi continuum of librational states of the molecules concerned.
The Kramers-Kronig relation for the Kerr effect and the electrochromism is deduced from the complex Kerr constant. The results are compared with the measurement of the Kerr effect of one azamerocyanine. For a number of molecules the amplitude of the optical polarizability and of the hyperpolarizability B is calculated for the long wavelength absorption band.
Bestimmung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit von Helium aus integralen Lichtbogenmessungen
Authors: Fischer E. , Hackmann J. , Uhlenbusch J. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In Ohmic heated plasmas the temperature of the electrons is always higher than the gas temperature. In this case the electrical conductivity can be assumed as a function of the gas temperature and the electric field strength. With this assumption comparing the characteristics of two arcs with different radii the electrical conductivity of an helium arc plasma (1 atm) is determined and reduced to the value for a field free plasma.
Das Temperatur-und Strömungsfeld in einem wandstabilisierten, magnetisch abgelenkten Bogen
Authors: Sauter Karl 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The influence of the Lorentz forces -caused by a stationary transverse uniform magnetic field -and the thereby induced flow field on a wall-stabilized electric arc in argon is experimentally investigated. The unsymmetrical temperature fields in the arc discharge cross-section for different values of arc current and magnetic field are determined by measuring the continuum radiation absolutely. The material functions of argon are taken from recently published literature; the specific radiation u(T) is evaluated from our measurements.
The convective term of the energy equation provides the component of the flow velocity parallel to grad T; herefrom, together with the continuity equation, the flow field is calculated. The evaluation of the momentum equation shows that within the main part of the arc-cross-section the Lorentz force is essentially compensated by a pressure gradient and not by inertial or viscous forces. The consistency of the results verifies the measurements, the applied material functions and the evaluation procedures.
Energies of Excited States of Doubly Ionized Molecules by Means of Auger Electron Spectroscopy Part I. Electronic States of N2
2+
Authors: Stalherm D. , Cleff B. , Hillig H. , Mehlhorn W. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A new method, Auger electron spectroscopy, is applied to the study of excited states of doubly ionized molecules. The energies of Auger electrons determine directly the vertical energies of doubly ionized states, because the single Auger process leaves the molecule in a state of double ionization. We have investigated the states of N2
2+ via the K Auger spectrum of N2. The ionization in the K shell was caused by electron impact. The K Auger electrons, analyzed by means of an electrostatic cylindrical mirror analyzer, gave direct evidence for the following states: x1Σg
+, A″ 3Σu
+ ,A3 Πg, c1Πg, d1Σu
+ and e1Σg
+ .Their energies have been measured and are listed below. Also the energy required to ionize N2 twofold in the (σg 2s) orbital has been determined to be (96.5 ± 1.0) eV.
Zum paramagnetischen Verhalten von Palladium-Eisen- und Palladium-Eisen-Wasserstoff-Legierungen / On the Paramagnetic Behavior of Palladium-Iron and Palladium-lron-Hydrogen Alloys
Authors: Frieske H. , Mahnig M. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
An evaluation for the paramagnetic susceptibilities of Pd/Fe and Pd/Fe/H alloys is proposed which accounts for the filling of the bands by electrons from the iron atoms. The susceptibilities are split into a "band" and an "iron" contribution, the latter of which exhibits Curie-Weiss behavior. Reevaluation of Gerstenberg's data yields a magnetic moment of 5.9 μB per iron atom.
For hydrogenated Pd/Fe alloys the coupling constant characteristic of the "iron" contribution to the susceptibility could be split into two contributions as well, of which the "d-band" contribution depends only on the electron concentration; the limiting values for high electron concentrations are proportional to the iron content of the alloy.
Both separations indicate again that every Fe atom donates 3 electrons into the delocalized states of the alloy.
The magnetic moment found here, however, is not in agreement with results derived from neutron diffraction experiments.
Lichtabsorption von Farbstoff-Molekülpaaren in Sandwichsystemen aus monomolekularen Schichten
Authors: Czikkely V. , Dreizler G. , Försterling H. , Kuhn H. , Sondermann J. , Tillmann P. , Wiegand J. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The absorption spectra of cyanine-like dye molecules in monolayer assemblies are investigated. Pairs between two different dye molecules were obtained by superposing monolayers containing the first and second dye respectively. The spectra of these aggregates are compared with the spectra of the corresponding monomers. The spectral shifts are calculated theoretically using a perturbation approach based on the timedependent Schrödinger equation. The electronic interaction integrals are calculated from wave functions given by the onedimensional electron gas theory making allowance for the polarization of the π-electrons and the solvent. A quantitative agreement between predicted and observed shifts and intensity changes is found. It is concluded from our experiments that during the coating process of the second dye layer the dye molecules in this layer are able to diffuse within the layer to form pairs with the dye molecules fixed in the first layer.
Zur Deutung des Energiespektrums von W183
Authors: Näpfel H 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The energy levels of W183 are calculated in a nuclear model consisting of three point masses. Two of them with equal masses within a fixed distance ρ0 represent the core of the nucleus. The third one, representing the extra nucleon, is assumed to move in a potential of the usual Nilsson type. For the description of the nuclear deformation a term P4 is added. In contrast to former calculations it can be shown that a consistent set of parameters exists which fits the experimental data including the level 7/2 - at 453.1 keV.
γ Transitions in the Decay of 99Mo
Authors: Bashandy E 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The internal conversion spectrum of γ transitions in the decay of 99Mo has been re-studied using a high resolution double focusing β-ray spectrometer. In addition to γ-rays previously reported, seven more γ-rays could be observed. Internal conversion coefficients and multipolarities of γ transitions are given. Energies, spins and parities of high excited levels in 99Tc are confirmed.
Optical Excitation Functions of Neon in the Vacuum Ultraviolet
Authors: Hertz H 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Optical excitation functions of Ne I, Ne II, and Ne III spectral lines in the wavelength range of 400 - 800 Å have been measured with electron energies from 0 to 500 eV. The excited ions are formed by electron impact in a single collision process. The (2p)4 3s levels of Ne II become populated via autoionizing states of the neon atom. The excitation functions of the neon resonance lines at 736 and 744 Å are strongly pressure dependent due to radiation imprisonment.
The Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectrum of 15N-Pyrrole
Authors: Rahkamaa Erkki 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A sub-spectral analysis of the high resolution proton magnetic resonance spectrum of 15N-pyrrole has been performed as an AA'BB'CX spin system. Absolute values of the proton-proton and nitrogen-proton couplings have been determined. It has also been concluded that all three nitrogen-proton couplings are negative. The parameters found in the analysis of the PMR spectra of normal and deuterated pyrroles, have also been briefly reported.
Impulsspektroskopische Untersuchungen der Elektronenspinrelaxation in freien Radikalen
Authors: Brändle R. , Krüger G.J. , Müller-Warmuth W. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Direct measurements of the electronic relaxation times T1 and T2 have been carried out in crystalline free radicals, in radicals diluted in solids, and in liquid solutions of free radicals. For this purpose, a pulse spectrometer operating at 9.3 GHz has been constructed, which is able to deliver 90° pulses of 20 ns duration, and to determine relaxation times of 3·10-8 s and longer. T1- and T2-measurements on DPPH (Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl) and BPA (Bis-diphenylenephenylallyl) have shown that the relaxation is governed by interactions between the Zeeman system and the exchange system of the electron spins down to the lowest temperature at which the ESR lines exist. The data are interpreted in terms of a simple model which takes into account exchange interaction between nearest neighbours of a linear chain of molecules. Furthermore, the electronic relaxation of organic crystals doped with free radicals has been investigated. - Finally, the relaxation of several free radicals has been studied in solutions of various organic liquids and of ammonia. From the temperature and concentration dependence it has been concluded that T1 can be explained by dipolar interactions between the electrons the time dependence of which is due to translational motion of the molecules. In contrast to nuclear relaxation data in liquids, the electronic T1 provides information for large ω τ-values, thus making possible a complete test of the theory of translational diffusion in liquids.
Effect of Inelastic Collisions on the Tail of the Electron Velocity Distribution
Authors: Oxenius J. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The effect of inelastic electron collisions with two-level atoms, having either two bound levels or one bound level and a continuum, on the electron velocity distribution is reconsidered. Attention is paid to the role played by physical parameters like cross sections, atomic occupation numbers, and temperature. Distribution functions and collision rates are given in terms of easily accessible tabulated functions.
Verbesserungen bei der Berechnung von Donatorniveaus durch Einführung einer effektiven Störstellenladung
Authors: Haug Albert 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Die Berechnung von Donatorniveaus mittels des Modells der wasserstoffartigen Störstelle läßt sich erheblich verbessern, wenn man die Donatoren nicht als einwertige Ionen auffaßt, sondern ihnen eine geeignete effektive Ladung zuschreibt, die man aus den Verhältnissen bei freien Atomen ableiten kann.
Correlation Function Approach to Short-Range Order in the Ising-Model
Authors: Jelitto Rainer J. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
By pushing forward the decoupling from the three-to the four-point correlation function short-range order is systematically introduced into the description of the statistical behaviour of the Ising-model. Application of a procedure which is a natural generalization of that invented by Bogoljubov and Tjablikov for the Heisenberg-model, leads to an overall-approximation for the magnetization and the nearest-neighbour correlation which may be compared with the Ising-model variant of Oguchi's two-spin-cluster molecular field theory. The results of both approximations are very similar both for low and high temperatures, but for the transition point the new approach yields values which lie considerably lower and therefore are more reliable than those following from Oguchi's theory. Moreover, the comparison with a slight modification of the theory which is also presented in this paper, illuminates the physical mechanism which is responsible for the formation of correlations within the order of approximation, considered.
Stark-Effekt-Untersuchung der Hyperfeinstruktur des 3 2P3/2-Zustands von Natrium mit der Level-crossing-Methode / Stark-Effect Investigation of the Hyperfine Structure of the 3 2P3/2-State of Sodium by Level-Crossing-Method
Authors: Zimmermann D. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The level-crossing-method has been used for an investigation of the hyperfine structure of the first excited 3 2P3/2-state of sodium applying an additional electric field parallel to the usual mag. netic field. By means of a detailed analysis of the measured change in intensity of the scattered fluorescence light due to the electric field the constant β of the quadratic Stark-effect of the 3 2P3/2-state of sodium was deduced to be β= (10.8± 1.2) kc/s·(kV/cm)2. The experimental result will be discussed with respect to a determination of upper and lower limits for oscillator strengths of transitions between the 3 2P3/2-state and S-states in the sodium spectrum.
Vibrational Potential Energy Distributions and Coriolis Coefficients for Extremal Force Constants in Bent XY2, Pyramidal XY3, and Tetrahedral XY4 Molecules
Authors: Freeman D.E. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
For 27 molecules with approximately extremal force fields, an empirical distinction between hydrides and non-hydrides is linked, via the comparison of calculated and observed Coriolis coefficients, to a difference, based ultimately on the relative lightness of the hydrogen atom, in the potential energy distributions of hydrides and non-hydrides. The potential energy criteria of Becher and Ballein are compared to those corresponding to extremal diagonal force constants. Coriolis coefficients for the model of progressive rigidity are mostly in rough agreement with those observed.
Self-diffusion of Silver Ions in the Cubic High Temperature Modification of Silver Iodide
Authors: Kvist Arnold , Tärneberg Roy 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The self-diffusion coefficient (D) of silver ions in silver iodide has been measured between 200 °C and 500 °C. The results can be described by the Arrhenius equation
D = 16.62 x 10-5 exp (-2190/RT),
where R is the gas constant in cal/mode, °K and T the temperature in °K. The standard deviation was 0.12 cm2/s.
The results coincide with Tubandt et al.1, whto investigated a small temperature interval around 200 °C.
Kritische Betrachtungen zu Ladungsverteilungen in Molekülen, erhalten durch SCF-MO-LCAO- Rechnungen
Authors: Janoschek R. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The numerical accuracy of population analysis as a tool for discussing the electron charge distribution in molecules is discussed. Theoretical bounds for the gross atomic charges resulting from the SCF-MO-LCAO method are derived. Calculated gross atomic charges which do not conform to these bounds are therefore inexact.
X-Ray Studies in the System Ti-Hg-Zn
Authors: Pušelj M. , Ban Z. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In a recent paper reported on part of the system Ti-Cu-Hg 1 a new phase TiCuHg2 was found having the crystal structure B 32 (NaTl type). The most inter-esting but hitherto unexplained feature of this structure is the degree of filling of the unit cell (71%). In order to examine which one of the metals in the structure is eventually responsible for the formation of this parti-cular phase, to which often a certain degree of ionic bonding is ascribed 2 , we tried to prepare the iso-structural compound TiZnHg2 . However, it turned out that its crystal structure belongs to the AuCu3 (Ll2) type (a = 4.02 ± 0.02 Ä), where all atoms are distri-buted statistically. We assume that the alternative con-figurations of the electron shells in the copper atom (3d 10 4s 1 or 3d 9 4s 2) may be responsible for such a behaviour. Diffractometer data for this phase are given in Table I. HKL d0 dc h h
Zur Erkennung schwacher Ranian-Banden durch digitale Spektrenauswertung: Isotopenaufspaltung der ν1-Frequenz des Kohlenstofftetrachlorids / Isolation of weak Raman-bands by digital computation The isotopic splitting of the ν1-frequency of Carbontetrachloride
Authors: Eysel Hans Hermann , Lucas Kai 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The enhancement of the signal to noise ratio by error computation is demosntrated with the ν1-frequency of C 37Cl4 in carbontetrachloride.
Untersuchung der Temperatur und der Expansion von Funkenkanälen in H2 bei variabler Energiezufuhr
Authors: Martinen H. , Tholl H. 
Published: February 2015

Measurements were carried out in order to investigate the temporal behaviour of temperatures in the channel axis of sparks in hydrogen in which different amounts of energy were released. It was found that with increasing energy input the temperature rises to approximately 60 000 °K . A further enhancement of temperature above this value could not be observed in spite of increasing energy dissipation. This effect can be explained by the fact that an increasing amount of the released energy is converted into expansion energy.
The temporal development of the channel radii was measured and was compared with calculated values using Drabkina's and Braginskii's theories. Good agreement between measured and calculated radii was found
Numerische Berechnung der gekoppelten Verteilungen von Potential und Temperatur für Wasserstoff-Lichtbögen endlicher Länge in axialen Magnetfeldern
Authors: Raeder J. , Wirtz S. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The energy balance is used to derive a partial differential eqution for the heat flux potential in a rotational symmetric arc column of finite length. This equation is combined with a corresponding equation for the electric potential in order to calculate the distributions of temperature and electric potential for an arc discharge in a strong axial magnetic field. Because the coupling of the two equations is very complicated, all investigations have to be made numerically. The influence of mass flow is studied by taking into account drastically simplified distributions of the azimuthal and radial flow velocities.
Experimental Investigation of Plasma Production by Irradiating Solid Hydrogen Foils with an Intense Pulse Laser
Authors: Sigel R. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Foils of solid hydrogen were irradiated with a giant pulse ruby laser. The formation and ex-pansion of the plasma produced this way was investigated by time-resolved absorption measure-ments, by streak and framing photography, by holographic interferometry and by time-off-flight and charge collection measurements. The measurements yield a fairly complete picture of this process: After the initial breakdown in the solid a plasma is produced at the surface of the foil facing the laser. Owing to the high pressure of the plasma the solid hydrogen is compressed by a shock wave. This allows the layer in which the plasma is produced to penetrate into the interior of the foil with a velocity of 3 × 106 cm/sec. Thus under the action of the focused beam foils up to 1 mm thickness are pierced by the light before the end of the pulse. The plasma cloud, ejected towards the laser, contains 4 × 1016 ions with a mean kinetic energy of 200 eV this corresponding to about half of the absorbed energy. The observations are compared with the well known results obtained in a plane, one-dimensional geometry. If allowance is made for the influence of the focusing of the laser beam on the structure of the shock front, the observations are readily understood.
Level-crossing-Experimente in angeregten Termen des Lu I zur Untersuchung der Hyperfeinstruktur von 175 Lu / Hyperfine Structure Investigations of Excited States of Lu I by Means of the Level-crossing Method
Authors: Göbel L. H. 
Published: February 2015

The magnetic dipol and the electric quadrupol interaction constants in the excited electronic states 5d6s6p (1D) 2D3/2 and 5d6s6p (1D) 2F5/2 of 175Lu I in natural isotopic abundance were investigated. The measurement was performed by resonance scattering of light with wavelengths λ = 4518.57 Å and λ = 3567.84 Å on a lutetium atomic beam. The following hyperfine structure constants were obtained:
B/A{(1D) 2D3/2} = +0.34704(80) ; A{(1D) 2D3/2} =-1313.34(50) gJ/0.80 MHz;
B{(1D) 2D3/2} =- 455.8(1.2) gJ/0.80 MHz; B/A{(1D) 2F5/2} = +9.7883(37) ; A{(1D) 2F5/2} =+ 351.864(56) gJ MHz;
B{(1D) 2F5/2} = + 3444.2 (1.9) gJ MHz.
The signs of the interaction constants were determined by examinations of these lines in a Fabry- Perot-interferometer. The lifetimes of the investigated states were found as follows:
τ{(1D) 2D3/2} = (4.9 ± 0.1) · 10-8 s; τ{(1D) 2F5/2) = (1.2 ± 0.1) · 10-8 s.
From these the oscillatorstrengths were deduced:
ƒ(3567.8 Å) = (1.7 + 0.2) · 10-1; ƒ(3841.2 Å) = (5.6 + 0.8) · 10-2;
ƒ(4518.6 Å) = (6.3 ± 0.1) · 10-2; ƒ(4967.5 Å) < 3 · 10-4.
Infrarotspektren von Adsorptionskomplexen des Kohlenmonoxids auf Magnesiumoxid
Authors: Kölbel H. , Ralek M. , Jírů P. 
Published: February 2015

Bei der Wechselwirkung des Kohlenmonoxids mit Magnesiumoxid ist selbst bei niedrigen Temperaturen der Ablauf der Boudouard-Reaktion unter Bildung von Kohlendioxid und elementarem Kohlenstoff zu beobachten.
Kohlenmonoxid und Kohlendioxid werden an der Oberfläche des Magnesiumoxids adsorbiert, wobei sich verschiedene Karbonatkomplexe ausbilden, die sich in ihrer Stabilität unterscheiden. Bikarbonatkomplexe entstehen durch eine Wechselwirkung zwischen Kohlendioxid und OHGruppen auf dem Magnesiumoxid.
Als stabilster Komplex erwies sich der Monodentatkarbonat-Komplex.
Bei Anwesenheit von Wasserstoff im System erfolgt eine Hydrierung des Kohlenmonoxids zu an der Oberfläche des MgO gebundenen Kohlenwasserstoffkomplexen.
Methode zur quantitativen Auswertung der Röntgen-Kleinwinkelstreukurven von geschmolzenen binären Legierungen
Authors: Steeb Siegfried 
Published: February 2015

A method is given for calculating from the absolute intensities of the X-Ray small angle scattering the concentration and atomic composition of clusters in binary molten alloys. For the alloy with 30 a/o Sn and 70 a/o Al it is shown that at least two models exist. A decision between these two models cannot be given at the moment.
First model: Particles consist of tin atoms only. Mean particle distance 28 to 36 Å. Diameter of particles 10 Å. Density 6.5 g/cm3. Particle concentration in the melt 2.42 a/o. Mean atomic weight of the matrix atoms 52.89. Density of matrix 3.97 g/cm3. 28.27 a/o of the matrix consist of Sn, 71.73 a/o of Al. 27.58 a/o of the Sn is contained in the matrix.
This model is in agreement with the measured increase of cluster diameter with increasing tin concentration.
Second model: Particles consist of Al atoms only. Mean particle distance 18 to 23 Å. Diameter of particles 10 Å. Particle density 2.37 g/cm3. Particle concentration in the melt 7.56 a/o. Mean atomic weight of the matrix atoms 56.74. Density of matrix 4.17 g/cm3. 32.45 a/o of the matrix consist of Sn, 67.55 a/o of Al. 62.44 a/o of the Al is contained in the matrix.
This model is in agreement with the phase diagram. In this case, the Al-clusters would be preformed nuclei in the melt which lead to primary precipitation of pure aluminum during the solidification process.