bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RELIABILITY OF CYTODIAGNOSIS IN ORAL PEMPHIGUS VULGARIS
Authors: Ruocco Vincenzo , Coscia‐Porrazzi Luigi , Pisani Maruco 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to verify the reliability of the Tzanck test, performed by both traditional cytomorphology and the direct immunofluorescence technique, in diagnosis of oral pemphigus vulgaris.Cytologic smears were obtained from oral erosions of thirty patients with well ascertained pemphigus vulgaris. Control smears were taken from thirty patients affected by various other diseases of oral mucosa and from thirty healthy subjects. Cytologic diagnosis of oral pemphigus was based upon significant findings of acantholytic cells by cytomorphology, and of epithelial cells with pericellular deposition of IgG (which persisted after cytocentrifugation) by direct immunofluorescence.The cytomorphological test gave positive results in twenty‐eight patients with pemphigus and in one patient with herpetic stomatitis, and negative results in all other cases.The immunocytologic test gave positive results in all patients with pemphigus, and negative results in all controls.These findings indicate that the cytomorphological test may be a useful method for screening oral pemphigus, while the immunocytologic test may provide a reliable method for definitive diagnosis.
IMMUNE COMPLEXES AND LYMPHOCYTE SUBSET IN SECONDARY STAGE PITYRIASIS ROSEA#
Authors: Wu Ying‐Chin , Chang Chun‐Hsiang , Hsieh Rhong‐Phong , In Kuo‐Lin 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTCirculating immune complexes (CIC), percentages of lymphocyte subsets, serum immunoglobulins (IgG, M, A), serum complements (C3, C4) and tissue immunoreactants (IgG, M, A, C3, Clq, properdin and fibrinogen) were measured in thirty‐one patients with secondary stage pityriasis rosea (PR) and in forty‐five healthy controls. In these patients, no significant amount of CIC and tissue immunoreactants were detected. Decreased OKT4/OKT8 ratio resulting from the decreased OKT4‐positive (helper/inducer) cells and the increased OKT8‐positive (suppressor/cytotoxic) cells was noted in the patients as compared with the controls (p<0.001). In addition, an elevation of IgM and a decrease of C3 in sera were also noted. The role of the immune mechanism in the pathogenesis of PR and the possible causal agents are discussed.
A CASE OF ACUTE FEBRILE NEUTROPHILIC DERMATOSIS (SWEET'S SYNDROME)
Authors: Maekawa Yoshihiro , Kageshita Toshiro , Nagata Takashi 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTA 48‐year‐old Japanese woman suffering from acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis was hospitalized. The skin lesions included pea to thumb sized nodules and plaques that were edematous, flat elevated and oval shaped. Laboratory data disclosed high ESR, neutrophilic leucocytosis and positive CRP. Histological findings showed dense perivascular infiltration consisting mainly of neutrophils and nuclear dusts.An immunofluorescent study demonstrated deposits of IgM and C3 on the vessel walls, suggesting Arthus's reaction in the vessel walls as a cause of the subsequent pathologic changes in the skin.
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA ON RUBEOSIS STEROIDICA
Authors: Kikuchi Ichiro , Tajiri Akihiko 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTSquamous cell carcinoma developed on the erythematous right cheek of a 79‐year‐old woman where she had used corticosteroid ointments for 20 years. This condition, also known as rubeosis steroidica, might have predisposed the patient to squamous cell carcinoma, although the possibility of its being a coincidental association cannot be excluded.
Autoantibodies against Cell Adhesion Molecules in Pemphigus
Authors: Amagai Masayuki 
Published: April 2015

AbstractcDNA cloning has demonstrated that pemphigus autoantigens of both pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceus are members of the desmoglein subfamily of the cadherin supergene family. The availability of these cDNAs allowed us to utilize molecular engineering to attempt to understand the pathophysiology of pemphigus. Transfection study with a chimeric molecule containing the extracellular domain of PV antigen (PVA) and the cytoplasmic domain of E‐cadherin demonstrated that the extracellular domain of PVA mediates weak homophilic cell adhesion. Bacterial fusion proteins representing different parts of PVA showed that the major immunogenic domains are EC1, EC2, and EC4 and that at least one pathogenic epitope is located on the amino‐terminal region of PVA, an area thought to be important for classic cadherin homophilic interaction. Further, a secreted form of PVA recombinant protein, PVIg, was produced by baculovirus expression. Immunoabsorption assay has demonstrated that PVIg is capable of absorbing pathogenic autoantibodies from patients' sera and preventing blister formation in neonatal mice.
Antibody‐Binding to the 180‐kD Bullous Pemphigoid Antigens at the Lateral Cell Surface Causes Their Internalization and Inhibits Their Assembly at the Basal Cell Surface in Cultured Keratinocytes
Authors: Kitajima Yasuo , Hirako Yoshiaki , Owaribe Katsushi , Mori Shunji , Yaoita Hideo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe demonstrated the effects of monoclonal antibodies to the 180‐kD and 230‐kD BP antigens (BPA) and of BP sera on Ca++‐induced formation of hemidesmosomes in cultured human keratinocytes (a cell line, DJM‐1) by immunofluorescence microscopy. Under low Ca++ (0.07 mM) conditions, the 180‐kD and 230‐kD BPAs were distributed homogeneously on the basal plasma membrane, while they formed a peculiar concentric ring or arch (ring/arch) arrangement in high‐Ca++ (1.87 mM) medium. On the other hand, the apical‐lateral cell membrane was stained homogeneously with antibodies to the 180‐kD BPA, but not to the 230‐kD BPA, both in low and high Ca++ media. The low‐high Ca++ switch at first caused disappearance of the antigen from the basal plasma membrane and then formed the high‐Ca++ ring/arch pattern within 3 hrs. In this system, monoclonal antibodies to the 180‐kD and 230‐kD BPAs and the sera from 5 BP patients, 2 pemphigus vulgaris (PV) patients, and 4 normal volunteers were added into the culture media. The addition of anti‐180‐kD BPA antibodies or any BP serum caused the internalization of the 180‐kD BPA from the apical‐lateral cell membrane and inhibited the Ca++‐induced formation of the ring/arch pattern on the basal membrane, possibly by inhibiting the movement of the antigen from the lateral to the basal membrane to form hemidesmosomes. The internalized fluorescence dots were shown to be composed of the 180‐kD BPA and patient's IgG, but not of the 230‐kD BPA by double‐immunostaining, suggesting the internalized 180‐kD BPA was from the apical‐lateral membrane, but not from hemidesmosomes. Monoclonal antibodies to the 230‐kD BPA and normal and PV sera did not cause these effects. These results suggest that autoantibodies to the 180‐kD BPA, but not to the 230‐kD BPA, may directly bind the antigen on the cell surface and disturb the formation of hemidesmosomes.
Pharmacological Modulation of Endothelial Cell‐associated Adhesion Molecule Expression: Implications for Future Treatment of Dermatological Diseases
Authors: Foster Carolyn A. , Dreyfuss Michael , Mandak Brigitte , Meingassner Josef G. , Naegeli Hans Ulrich , Nussbaumer Alexius , Oberer Lukas , Scheel Günther , Swoboda Eva‐Maria 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSkin diseases with an inflammatory component, regardless of their etiology, are characterized at some point by the extravasation and subsequent infiltration of leukocytes into the dermal and/or epidermal compartments. This trafficking pattern is determined by a complex series of events whereby the leukocytes interact with cell adhesion molecules (CAM), particularly those induced on endothelial cells following activation with various inflammatory mediators. Vascular CAMs belonging to the selectin family (i.e., P‐selectin and E‐selectin) are thought to mediate early and reversible events involving leukocyte rolling and margination along the lumenal surface of microvascular cells (post‐capillary venules). Certain members of the immunoglobulin supergene family (i.e., VCAM‐1 and ICAM‐1) regulate later and irreversible steps which lead to firm attachment and subsequent diapedesis of leukocytes.Accumulating evidence suggests that if one blocks the ligand‐binding sites between leukocytes and endothelial cells, or inhibits vascular CAM expression, hematopoietic cell extravasation and progressive inflammatory events can be greatly diminished. To identify such inhibitors we developed a cell‐based Elisa using the human microvascular cell line HMEC‐1. As reported in the present paper, this approach yielded a naturally‐occurring, low molecular weight compound which potently inhibits cytokine‐induced adhesion molecule expression on cultured endothelial cells, without modulating “house‐keeping” proteins.
Differential Cell Surface Distribution of Adhesion Molecules Demonstrated by Immuno‐Scanning Electron Microscopy
Authors: Imayama Shuhei 
Published: April 2015

AbstractScanning electron microscopy with immuno‐gold labeling revealed that epidermal keratinocytes expressed ICAM‐1 and HLA‐DR molecules on their surfaces in patterns that differed in mycosis fungoides (MF) and lichenoid reaction (LR). ICAM‐1 molecules, visualized as deposits of gold particles, were present as clusters adjacent to the junctions interconnecting the keratinocytes of MF lesions. LFA‐1 molecules were seen as granules on the surfaces of all infiltrates, most of which also expressed ICAM‐1. HLA‐DR molecules were seen continuously along the borders of the individual keratinocytes. In LR, ICAM‐1 and HLA‐DR were expressed only sparsely on the undersurface of the epidermis, whereas the infiltrates expressed LFA‐1 molecules on their surfaces.These findings may explain the differing histological features of MF and LR: ICAM‐1 molecules present on the intercellular junctions of MF epidermis lead the LFA‐1‐bearing cells to migrate into the interspaces of the keratinocytes, thus producing “epidermotropism”. These cells aggregate by means of co‐expressed ICAM‐1 to thus produce the appearance of a “microabscess”. In LR, on the other hand, the minimal expression of ICAM‐1 on the epidermal undersurface leaves most infiltrates within the dermis, thus producing a “band‐like infiltrate” beneath the epidermis.
Computerized Digital Image Analysis: An Aid for Melanoma Diagnosis
Authors: Sober Arthur J. , Burstein Jay M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBoth digital imaging and epiluminescence microscopy hold promise for improved early detection of cutaneous melanoma. Several centers have been actively working in these areas during the past decade. These experiences and preliminary work based on the image capture of 83 pigmented lesions at our center using a prototype digital imaging system (SKINVIEW) are described. This system is based, in part, on the analysis of lesional morphologic features, such as shape, border, and radii. Histopathologic correlation was matched against these features to assess the efficacy of diagnosis. At our center, these parameters alone were not sufficient to discriminate between benign and malignant lesions, in part, because the melanomas were, in general, early lesions and many of the nevi were sufficiently clinically atypical to require removal for discrimination from melanoma. In addition, technical improvements in the image capturing and processing mechanism are needed. Rapid progress in this area is anticipated.
Hyperthermic Isolated Limb Perfusion with Intra‐Arterial Administration of Carboplatin and/or Interferon‐β for the Treatment of Malignant Melanoma of the Leg
Authors: Nakayama Juichiro , Takeuchi Minora , Mayumi Hisanori , Nagae Shonosuke , Matsuda Kazuhisa , Yasui Hisataka , Takahashi Shosuke , Hori Yoshiaki 
Published: April 2015

AbstractOur experiences of hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion with administration of carboplatin, interferon‐β or a combination of both are reported. Administration of high doses of these reagents was well tolerated by patients with melanoma without severe complications after the treatment. A total of 8 patients underwent this therapeutic modality. Remarkable clinical improvement was seen in the first patient, who was in Stage III at the time of the perfusion. Histopathological findings indicated severe damage to the melanoma cells after the operation. Prophylactic hyperthermic perfusion was performed in 6 other patients with Stage II–III melanoma of the lower limb. None of them have shown any signs of recurrence 1–10 months later. The activities of natural killer cells or T lymphocytes appeared to be increased when the perfusion was carried out with concomitant administration of both carboplatin and interferon‐β. These results suggest that hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion with carboplatin and/or interferon β administration is effective in patients with advanced stage melanoma.
Trabajadores y movimientos sociales del mundo en desarrollo. ¿Cuál es el futuro de las relaciones laborales?
Authors: SEN Ratna , LEE Chang‐Hee 
Published: April 2015

ResumenEn el contexto del declive de las instituciones de relaciones laborales tradicionales de las economías posfordistas, los autores examinan –centrándose en Asia– los nuevos contramovimientos en defensa de los trabajadores frente a la globalización en países en desarrollo. A partir de las luchas marxistas que identifican en China y de las variadísimas formas de protesta y representación que observan en la India, defienden un enfoque más incluyente de las relaciones laborales, tanto en la práctica como en la investigación. El futuro, afirman, dependerá de la interacción entre las reformas que introduzca el Estado y los movimientos sociales que espontáneamente llenen el vacío de representación actual.
Extreme population subdivision despite high colonization ability: contrasting regional patterns in intertidal tardigrades from the west coast of North America
Authors: Faurby Søren , Barber Paul H. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAimTo determine whether microscopic marine organisms experience more extreme population subdivision than co‐distributed macroscopic organisms.LocationThe intertidal zone of the west coast of North America.MethodsWe used phylogenetic methods, haplotype networks and analyses of molecular variance (AMOVAs) to examine geographical subdivision in tardigrades (Echiniscoides) between the northern tip of Vancouver Island and San Diego.ResultsAnalyses of 330 individuals from 19 populations revealed a genetically diverse set of tardigrades probably comprising between four and fifteen species. Southern populations displayed extreme population subdivision and contained many deeply divergent lineages that are fully or nearly restricted to single sampling sites. In contrast, northern populations exhibited lower levels of phylogeographical structure and few geographically restricted lineages. AMOVAs showed that inter‐population variation was maximized when nearly all southern populations were kept distinct and all northern populations were treated as a single population.Main conclusionsStrong patterns of population subdivision on fine spatial scales in tardigrades stand in sharp contrast to previous studies of macroscopic organisms across this same range, suggesting that geographical subdivision in microscopic organisms is stronger than in co‐occurring macroscopic organisms.
Histological and hormonal changes in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) after exposure to environmental cocaine concentration
Authors: Gay F , Ferrandino I , Monaco A , Cerulo M , Capasso G , Capaldo A 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe aim of this study was the assessment of histological and hormonal changes induced in the European eel from environmental concentrations of cocaine. Silver eels were exposed to 20 ng L−1 of cocaine during 50 days; at the same time, control, vehicle control and two post‐exposure recovery groups (3 and 10 days) were made. The general morphology of the skin and the intestine, and the plasma levels of prolactin, cortisol and dopamine were evaluated. In the skin, cocaine decreased the number and size of mucous cells, increased the thickness of the epidermis and altered the club cells and the basal lamina. In the intestine, cocaine increased the thickness of the epithelium and the number of mucous cells and reactivated the structure of the intestine and of the intestinal musculature. Moreover, cocaine increased plasma prolactin, cortisol and dopamine levels. These results suggest that cocaine induced histological changes, directly and/or through the hormonal changes observed. Considering the complex life cycle of the eel, the changes induced by cocaine in the skin, the intestine and the endocrine system could threaten the ability of the eel to successfully migrate and reproduce.
Fishpathogens.eu/noda: a free and handy online platform for Betanodavirus targeted research and data sharing
Authors: Mikkelsen S S , Panzarin V , Jonstrup S P , Bigarré L , Baud M , Gray T , Agapow P‐M , Olesen N J 
Published: April 2015

AbstractViral nervous necrosis (VNN) is a severe neuropathological disease affecting a broad variety of finfish species worldwide. The causative agents of VNN are small viruses with a bi‐segmented RNA genome known as betanodaviruses. At least four species with distinct but yet insufficiently characterized epidemiological features are recognized. The spread of VNN to an increasing number of host species, its wide geographic extent and its economical and ecological impacts justify the importance of collating as much molecular data as possible for tracing the origin of viral isolates and highlight the need for a freely accessible tool for epidemiological and molecular data sharing and consultation. For this purpose, we established a web‐based specific database using the www.fishpathogens.eu platform, with the aim of collecting molecular and epidemiological information on VNN viruses, with relevance to their control, management and research studies.
Urban Mining's Potential to Relieve China's Coming Resource Crisis
Authors: Wen Zongguo , Zhang Chenkai , Ji Xiaoli , Xue Yanyan 
Published: April 2015

SummaryChina's mineral resource consumption has gone through multiple increases since 1980, resulting in the inadequacy of important strategic resources and a high level of external dependence. Some developed countries have already reduced primary resources consumption through urban mining. Can China also break through the bottleneck of the resource shortage and continue its economic and social development through strengthening of urban mining? This article selected copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), lead (Pb), and iron (Fe) as case studies and established predictive models for metal demand, recycling, and stock, based on stock analysis, material flow analysis, and a life distribution model, and then analyzed the metabolism of the four resources and compared the environmental effects of three scenarios. The study indicates that the urban mining potential of Cu, Fe, Al, and Pb will attain 8.1, 711.6, 37.0, and 12.1 million tonnes, respectively, in 2040. Compared with 2010, the substitution rate (secondary metals substituting primary metals) of Cu and Fe increase by 25.4% and 59.9%, whereas external dependence decreases by 30.8% and 25.7%. However, substitution is not obvious regarding Al and Pb. The low resource scenario decreases resources use, which will reduce external dependence in the short term, whereas the strengthened recovery scenario increases resource recovery and has a larger effect in reducing external dependence in the long term. So, in line with urban mining in the future, China should change its environment and resource strategy, further strengthen layout and construction of urban mining demonstration bases, and encourage the use of recyclable resources to provide a better foundation for urban mining.
Radiopacity for Contemporary Luting Cements Using Digital Radiography under Various Exposure Conditions
Authors: An Seo‐Young , Lee Du‐Hyeong , Lee Kyu‐Bok 
Published: April 2015

AbstractPurposeThis study examined the radiopacity of contemporary luting cements using direct digital radiography under a range of exposure conditions.Materials and MethodsDisc specimens (N = 80, n = 10 per group, ø5 mm × 1 mm) were prepared from 8 resin‐based luting cements (BisCem Clearfil SA Luting, Duolink, Maxcem Elite Multilink Speed, Panavia F 2.0, RelyX Unicem Clicker, V‐link). The specimens were radiographed using a charge‐coupled device sensor along with an 11‐step aluminum step wedge (1.5‐mm incremental steps) and 1‐mm‐thick tooth cut using five tube voltage/exposure time setups (60 kVp, 0.10/0.08 seconds; 70 kVp, 0.10/0.08/0.06 seconds) at 4 mA and 30 cm. The radiopacity of the specimens was compared with that of the aluminum step wedge and human enamel and dentin using NIH ImageJ software (available at http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij/). A linear regression model for the aluminum step wedge was constructed, and the data were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan post hoc test.ResultsMaxcem Elite (5.142 to 5.441) showed the highest radiopacity of all materials, followed in order by Multilink Speed (3.731 to 3.396) and V‐link (2.763 to 3.103). The radiopacity of Panavia F 2.0 (2.025 to 2.429), BisCem (1.825 to 2.218), Clearfil SA Luting (1.692 to 2.145), Duolink (1.707 to 1.993), and RelyX Unicem Clicker (1.586 to 1.979) were between enamel (2.117 to 2.330) and dentin (1.302 to 1.685). The radiopacity of 70 kVp conditions was higher than that of the 60 kVp conditions.ConclusionsThe radiopacities of the tested luting materials were greater than those of dentin or aluminum, satisfying the criteria of the International Organization for Standardization, and they differed significantly from each other in the exposure setups.
3D FEA of Hollow and Solid Design Zirconia Dental Dowels
Authors: Kayahan Mehmet Baybora , Özkurt‐Kayahan Zeynep , Yay Kubilay , Kazazoğlu Ender 
Published: April 2015

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the stress distribution of hollow and solid design zirconia dowels.Materials and MethodsFinite element analysis (FEA) was used to investigate the influence of different dowel designs on the stress distribution of zirconia dowels. The coronal diameter of the dowel was 2.2 mm, the apical diameter was 1.8 mm, and the length was 15 mm. The diameter of the hollow space was 1.2 mm. Occlusal forces (both parallel and oblique) of 100 N were applied from the wider edge of the dowels simulating loads acting on the incisor during clenching and incising. The results were expressed in terms of von Mises criteria.ResultsFEA revealed differences in stress distribution. During parallel load, the maximum tensile stress of the hollow design (89.40 MPa) was greater than the solid design (43.30 MPa). During oblique load, the maximum tensile stress of the hollow design (1437.90 MPa) was greater than the solid design (917.96 MPa). The maximum deformation was observed in the coronal part of the dowel in both designs under the two load directions.ConclusionsFEA results showed that the hollow design zirconia dowels presented higher tensile stress.