bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corporate Social Responsibility in Korea: How to Communicate Global Issues to Local Stakeholders
Authors: Park Gain , Park Hyun Soon 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis paper examines how to get support and legitimation for global environmental CSR campaigns from local and domestic stakeholders using construal level theory. The paper develops communication strategies to enhance the persuasiveness of CSR campaigns. A survey was with 252 young adults in eight experimental groups. We argue that there exists a certain distance toward every CSR topic perceived by individuals and that each matches better with either desirability or feasibility message framing. The results show that desirability messages have a greater power of persuasion in a CSR campaign that yields consequences in a distant time and place, whereas feasibility messages have a greater persuasive power in a campaign that yields relatively immediate results in a nearby place. We propose some recommendations for businesses on how to apply the findings to a practical CSR message design in order to improve the persuasiveness of global CSR campaigns. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Examining Stakeholders' Perceptions of Mining Impacts and Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Viveros Hector 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis paper aims to provide a better understanding of multistakeholder perceptions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in connection with mining industry impacts. While there is significant research about CSR, there is a lack of understanding in the area of specific stakeholders' perceptions within the extractive industry, particularly in a developing country like Chile. The findings reveal that stakeholders perceive mining impacts on social and environmental domains negatively in contrast to a positive perception about economic impacts. CSR is addressed in terms of social and environmental responsibilities, but is also perceived negatively as mere rhetoric, or simply as a marketing campaign. These perceptions reflect an anti‐trade‐off sentiment, revealing that CSR cannot be used as a tool to compensate negative mining impacts. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Cultural Values and Ecosystem Management at the Subwatershed Level
Authors: Retallack Matthew , Schott Stephan 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTThe valuation of ecosystem services is often centred on the proper integration of ecological and economic values but overlooks the social and cultural dimensions of ecosystem changes. We argue that these factors are essential for sustainable outcomes because they underlie preference formation, affect ownership over decision making and may help ensure that primary non‐market services needed to maintain ecosystem functions are sustained. In this study, we propose a conceptual framework for ecosystem service valuation at a local subwatershed scale that employs participatory democracy and discourse‐based methods to elicit and develop value systems while at the same time serving as a decision‐making process. Incorporating cultural theory and perceptions of risk tolerance, the framework discusses the importance of cultural considerations to achieving intergenerational equity, a precondition for sustainable development. The framework is applied to the case of Chelsea, Québec (Canada), and used to examine the community consultation component of a policy development process. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
The Influence of Interests and Beliefs on the Use of Environmental Cost–Benefit Analysis in Water Policy: The case of German policy‐makers
Authors: Dehnhardt Alexandra 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTIn recent decades cost–benefit analysis (CBA) and environmental benefit valuation have been assigned a significant role for environmental policy‐making and have been integrated as economic tools into the EC Water Framework Directive. The primary aim of the study is to explore the role that interests of bureaucratic actors as well as their beliefs might play in the application of environmental CBA. The paper draws on different analytical approaches derived from a political economy and a policy science perspective to explain the apparent reluctance to use the results of CBA and benefit estimates in policy‐making. The empirical findings of a qualitative survey among German water policy‐makers reveal that the self‐interested behaviour of bureaucratic actors impedes the use of CBA, but also suggest a considerable influence of beliefs that shape actors’ perception of the suitability of economic valuation approaches for environmental policy‐making. A differentiated view on these restraints might contribute to a reasonable use of procedural economic instruments in order to achieve environmental objectives. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Tetranuclear [2×2] Square‐Grid Lanthanide(III) Complexes: Syntheses, Structures, and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Biswas Sourav , Das Sourav , van Leusen Jan , Kögerler Paul , Chandrasekhar Vadapalli 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe reactions of lanthanide(III) nitrate salts (DyIII, TbIII, GdIII, and ErIII) with the aroylhydrazone‐based multidentate ligand 6‐(hydroxymethyl)‐N′‐[1‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)ethylidene]picolinohydrazide (LH2) in the presence of Et3N in a molar ratio of 1:1:4 afforded a series of homometallic tetranuclear lanthanide(III) complexes, [Ln4(LH)4(μ2‐OH)3(μ2‐OMe)]4NO3·xMeOH·yH2O (1, Ln = Dy, x = 2, y = 4; 2, Ln = Tb, x = 2, y = 4; 3, Ln = Gd, x = 2, y = 5; and 4, Ln = Er, x = 3, y = 3). X‐ray diffraction studies revealed that all of the complexes contain a tetracationic [2×2] square‐grid‐like [Ln4(μ2‐OH)3(μ2‐OMe)(μ2‐O)4]4+ core, which is assembled by the concerted coordination action of four monoanionic [LH]– ligands along with three μ2‐OH ligands and a μ2‐OMe ligand. All of the lanthanide centers are eight‐coordinate and adopt distorted triangular‐dodecahedral coordination geometries with two different types of coordination environments (6O,2N and 4O,4N). The magnetic susceptibility measurements of the complexes reveal both the presence of all‐antiferromagnetic coupling interactions as well as both isotropic (3) and anisotropic (1, 2, 4) single‐ion contributions, which do not result in slow relaxation characteristics typical of single‐molecule magnets.
Polynuclear Copper(II) Complexes as Catalysts for the Peroxidative Oxidation of Cyclohexane in a Room‐Temperature Ionic Liquid
Authors: Jlassi Raja , Ribeiro Ana P. C. , Guedes da Silva M. Fátima C. , Mahmudov Kamran T. , Kopylovich Maximilian N. , Anisimova Tatiana B. , Naïli Houcine , Tiago Gonçalo A. O. , Pombeiro Armando J. L. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe reaction of copper(II) nitrate hydrate with sodium 2‐[2‐(2,4‐dioxopentan‐3‐ylidene)hydrazinyl]terephthalate (Na2HL1) in the absence or presence of imidazole (im) leads to the new complexes [(H2O)Cu0.5{(μ‐L1‐1κO:2κ3N,O′,O″)Cu(H2O)2}]2 (1) and [Cu(im)(μ‐HL1‐1κO:2κ3N,O,O′)]2 (2), respectively, whereas the 1D coordination polymer [Cu2(H2O)2(μ‐H2L2‐1κ3N,O,O′:2κO″)(μ‐L2‐1κ3N,O,O′:2κ2N′,O″)]n (3) is obtained from Cu(NO3)2·2.5H2O and sodium 2‐[2‐(4,4‐dimethyl‐2,6‐dioxocyclohexylidene)hydrazinyl]terephthalate (Na2HL2). All of the compounds were characterized by ESI‐MS, IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and X‐ray diffraction analysis. Di‐ or tri‐deprotonated ligands display different coordination modes and lead to distinct nuclearities of the CuII complexes depending on the conditions used for the syntheses. Complexes 1–3 were successfully tested as dual‐role catalysts for cyclohexane oxidation under acid‐free conditions in the ionic liquid [1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, (bmim)(BF4)] as well as in acetonitrile. The application of the ionic liquid (IL) increased the product yield and turnover number and decreased the reaction time, in comparison with those for the use of the conventional acetonitrile solvent. Easy recycling of the catalyst, with preservation of almost the initial activity and selectivity, was also achieved by using the IL medium.
Hydrophilic Pd0 Complexes Based on Sugars for Efficient Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling in Aqueous Systems
Authors: Tarantino Giulia , Curcio Massimiliano , Pica Andrea , Carpentieri Andrea , Cucciolito Maria E. , Ruffo Francesco , Vitagliano Aldo , Lega Matteo 
Published: July 2014

AbstractTwo classes of hydrophilic Pd0 complexes containing P,N and N,N sugar‐based ligands were prepared and tested in the Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction under environmentally friendly aqueous conditions. The best catalyst was tolerant towards different substrates, and its activity is comparable with the highest values reported so far for reactions in aqueous media [loading 0.0010 %, turnover frequency (TOF) 3.5 × 104 h–1].
Synthesis of the Spiroketal Fragment of (–)‐Ushikulide A
Authors: Yadav Jhillu S. , Reddy N. Mallikarjuna , Rahman Md. Ataur , Prasad Attaluri R. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe stereoselective synthesis of the spiroketal fragment of the immunosuppressant (–)‐ushikulide A is described. The salient feature of this synthesis is the construction of the spiroketal moiety by hydrolysis of a dialkylated tosylmethyl isocyanide derivative derived from alkylation of tosylmethyl isocyanide (TosMIC) with suitably substituted halohydrin derivatives. The key functionalized tetrahydropyran ring was constructed by using Prins cyclization of the α‐acetoxy ether.
Dual Catalysis in Domino N‐Benzylation/Intramolecular C–H Arylation: Regio‐ and Chemoselective Synthesis of Annelated Nitrogen Heterocycles
Authors: Laha Joydev K. , Dayal Neetu , Singh Swati , Bhimpuria Rohan 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA general method has been developed for the synthesis of fused nitrogen heterocycles by using a domino N‐benzylation/C–H arylation reaction sequence. The details and yields of the domino process were compared with those of the two‐step literature protocol. Fused azaindoles, which are otherwise difficult to obtain, were synthesized by using this process. The unprecedented catalytic role of PPh3 in this N‐benzylation is described.
Biocatalytic Synthesis of Enantiopure β‐Methoxy‐β‐arylalanine Derivatives
Authors: Fan Shiming , Liu Shouxin , Zhang Hubo , Liu Ying , Yang Yihuang , Jin Longyi 
Published: July 2014

AbstractChiral β‐hydroxy‐β‐arylalanine and β‐methoxy‐β‐arylalanine derivatives, which occur widely in marine nature products, were stereoselectively synthesized with 99 % ee values. The two erythro isomers were prepared by L‐ or D‐aminoacylase‐catalyzed resolution of the corresponding N‐acetyl derivatives, whereas the two threo isomers were obtained only by D‐aminoacylase‐catalyzed resolution of the derivatives. erythro‐β‐Hydroxy‐β‐arylalanine derivatives were prepared by diastereoselective hydrogenation of ethyl 2‐(hydroxyimino)‐3‐oxo‐3‐arylpropanoates, which were in turn acquired by the oximation of ethyl 3‐oxo‐3‐arylpropanoates with ethyl nitrite in the presence of nano‐K2CO3 with yields of 72 % to 80 %. β‐Methoxy‐β‐arylalanine derivatives were synthesized through Williamson reactions between the corresponding β‐hydroxy‐β‐arylalanines and iodomethane with silver oxide as base.
Spiroaminals – Crystal Structure and Computational Investigation of Conformational Preferences and Tautomerization Reactions
Authors: Loerbroks Claudia , Böker Birte , Cordes Jens , Barrett Anthony G. M. , Thiel Walter 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe report the first X‐ray structure of a spiroaminal hydrochloride. The chiral spiroaminal crystallizes as a racemic hydrochloride in the monoclinic space group P21/n and adopts the thermodynamically most stable conformation. Density functional calculations on several spiroaminals were used to establish correlations between trends in conformational energies, steric repulsions, and anomeric effects and to reveal the mechanism of the ring‐opening tautomerization reaction. In the unsubstituted and backbone‐substituted spiroaminals, the aminal tautomer is thermodynamically preferred. N‐Substituted spiroaminals favor the amine/imine form for steric reasons, except for those with bridging N,N′ groups. The tautomerization from the aminal to the amine/imine is endergonic and kinetically hindered in the neutral species but quite facile after protonation. Anomeric effects lower the barriers but are less important than steric factors for relative energies.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Lignans of Three Structural Types from a Common Intermediate, Enantioselective Synthesis of (+)‐Yangambin
Authors: Syed Majid Khalil , Murray Cian , Casey Mike 
Published: July 2014

AbstractEnantioselective total synthesis of (+)‐yangambin was achieved. The key transformation is one‐pot conjugate addition/aldol reaction that involves an enantioenriched benzyl tert‐butyl sulfoxide, an enone, and gaseous formaldehyde to construct the bis(phenylpropanoid) backbone with excellent stereoselectivity and in good yield. Reduction of the ketone with diisobutylaluminium hydride and acid‐catalysed cyclisation in EtOH furnished (+)‐yangambin in good yield. The resulting synthesis is short, efficient and highly selective. Formation of 2,5‐diaryltetrahydrofuran lignans was observed as a side reaction in the final step of yangambin synthesis. Acid‐catalysed cyclisation of the aldol intermediate gave a completely different outcome. Dehydration to give an enone was followed by two electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions to furnish a derivative of the lignan lirionol.
Seismic performance and damage evaluation of a reinforced concrete frame with hysteretic dampers through shake‐table tests
Authors: Benavent‐Climent Amadeo , Morillas Leandro , Escolano‐Margarit David 
Published: July 2014

SUMMARYPassive energy dissipation devices are increasingly implemented in frame structures to improve their performance under seismic loading. Most guidelines for designing this type of system retain the requirements applicable to frames without dampers, and this hinders taking full advantage of the benefits of implementing dampers. Further, assessing the extent of damage suffered by the frame and by the dampers for different levels of seismic hazard is of paramount importance in the framework of performance‐based design. This paper presents an experimental investigation whose objectives are to provide empirical data on the response of reinforced concrete (RC) frames equipped with hysteretic dampers (dynamic response and damage) and to evaluate the need for the frame to form a strong column‐weak beam mechanism and dissipate large amounts of plastic strain energy. To this end, shake‐table tests were conducted on a 2/5‐scale RC frame with hysteretic dampers. The frame was designed only for gravitational loads. The dampers provided lateral strength and stiffness, respectively, three and 12 times greater than those of the frame. The test structure was subjected to a sequence of seismic simulations that represented different levels of seismic hazard. The RC frame showed a performance level of ‘immediate occupancy’, with maximum rotation demands below 20% of the ultimate capacity. The dampers dissipated most of the energy input by the earthquake. It is shown that combining hysteretic dampers with flexible reinforced concrete frames leads to structures with improved seismic performance and that requirements of conventional RC frames (without dampers) can be relieved. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An embedded boundary framework for compressible turbulent flow and fluid–structure computations on structured and unstructured grids
Authors: Lakshminarayan V. , Farhat C. , Main A. 
Published: July 2014

SUMMARYThe finite volume method with exact two‐phase Riemann problems (FIVER) is a two‐faceted computational method for compressible multi‐material (fluid–fluid, fluid–structure, and multi‐fluid–structure) problems characterized by large density jumps, and/or highly nonlinear structural motions and deformations. For compressible multi‐phase flow problems, FIVER is a Godunov‐type discretization scheme characterized by the construction and solution at the material interfaces of local, exact, two‐phase Riemann problems. For compressible fluid–structure interaction (FSI) problems, it is an embedded boundary method for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) capable of handling large structural deformations and topological changes. Originally developed for inviscid multi‐material computations on nonbody‐fitted structured and unstructured grids, FIVER is extended in this paper to laminar and turbulent viscous flow and FSI problems. To this effect, it is equipped with carefully designed extrapolation schemes for populating the ghost fluid values needed for the construction, in the vicinity of the fluid–structure interface, of second‐order spatial approximations of the viscous fluxes and source terms associated with Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS)‐based turbulence models and large eddy simulation (LES). Two support algorithms, which pertain to the application of any embedded boundary method for CFD to the robust, accurate, and fast solution of FSI problems, are also presented in this paper. The first one focuses on the fast computation of the time‐dependent distance to the wall because it is required by many RANS‐based turbulence models. The second algorithm addresses the robust and accurate computation of the flow‐induced forces and moments on embedded discrete surfaces, and their finite element representations when these surfaces are flexible. Equipped with these two auxiliary algorithms, the extension of FIVER to viscous flow and FSI problems is first verified with the LES of a turbulent flow past an immobile prolate spheroid, and the computation of a series of unsteady laminar flows past two counter‐rotating cylinders. Then, its potential for the solution of complex, turbulent, and flexible FSI problems is also demonstrated with the simulation, using the Spalart–Allmaras turbulence model, of the vertical tail buffeting of an F/A‐18 aircraft configuration and the comparison of the obtained numerical results with flight test data. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Numerical comparison of hybridized discontinuous Galerkin and finite volume methods for incompressible flow
Authors: Ahnert T. , Bärwolff G. 
Published: July 2014

SUMMARYIn this study, a hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin method is presented for solving the incompressible Navier–Stokes equation. In our formulation, the convective part is linearized using a Picard iteration, for which there exists a necessary criterion for convergence. We show that our novel hybridized implementation can be used as an alternative method for solving a range of problems in the field of incompressible fluid dynamics. We demonstrate this by comparing the performance of our method with standard finite volume solvers, specifically the well‐established finite volume method of second order in space, such as the icoFoam and simpleFoam of the OpenFOAM package for three typical fluid problems. These are the Taylor–Green vortex, the 180‐degree fence case and the DFG benchmark. Our careful comparison yields convincing evidence for the use of hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin method as a competitive alternative because of their high accuracy and better stability properties. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Family Therapy and Young Children A Case of Potential Child Abuse
Authors: Prior Graham 
Published: July 2014

Parental distress often places young children in grave danger of physical abuse. In this paper a family therapy approach is used with a single parent family with young children where physical abuse is a distinct possibility.The paper outlines some of the basic concepts used in the therapy and focuses on the effective use of relabelling as a means to diffuse anger and open the way for constructive change within the family system.
Towards a Multicultural Society: Family Therapy with Greek Families†
Authors: Stagoll Brian 
Published: July 2014

Language and cultural differences can pose barriers to effective intervention in migrant families in conflict. Family therapy approaches can provide some useful strategies for overcoming these obstacles. A family therapy approach can (1) emphasise the value of utilizing natural network support systems; (2) provide a model which helps clarify communication problems arising in the relay of information through a third person acting as an interpreter; (3) underline the importance of non‐verbal and process aspects of family communication; (4) suggest techniques for negotiating, joining, and finding commonalities of family experience between a therapist and family of different ethnic background.The therapist needs to develop sensitivity to both the universal and specific ethno‐cultural structures, norms and problems of families; when this sensitivity is achieved powerful and culturally syntonic healing forces can be released. Examples of successful family therapy interventions in some Greek families in conflict are given.
Family Law and Family Systems: Multidisciplinary Training for Professionals
Authors: Topham Margaret , Davidson Paul 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe Family Court in New Zealand has become the crucible for the mixing of legal and mental health professionals. Low key workshops convened by family therapists for multidisciplinary groups have made successful use of family therapy models and expertise to provide a base for the conciliation and mediation alternative to the adversary system so common in law and in earlier family litigation. Enhanced cross‐disciplinary understanding and morale appear to have accompanied the more formal learnings in family therapy, and the programme as detailed is included as one possible structure on which such experiences might be offered by other therapists in other places.
The Practice of Change: A Working MRI/Brief Therapy Clinic
Authors: Chubb Hendon , Nauts Phyllis L. , Evans Eldon L. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis paper describes the application of the M.R.I.'s brief therapy model in a new clinic in California. It discusses certain aspects of the model that are particularly important to the clinic's work and presents statistics for the early months of operation. Three case descriptions are offered as examples of the clinic's working style. A brief discussion of the model's effectiveness in a clinic setting is included.
Blackmail is Against the Law — Part Four: We Don't Need it Anymore!
Authors: Lang Moshe , McCallum Peter 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis paper reports in detail on the fourth session of family therapy which began after both mother and 14‐year old daughter attempted suicide. The transcript demonstrates how the family in some ways stays the same while at the same time responding to therapy by some changes. Considerable background information emerges which makes previously recognized problems in the family much more comprehensible. Complex negotiations occur which lead to agreement that the children will withdraw from therapy and their parents will continue in marital therapy.