bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
dGAE(297–391) Tau Fragment Promotes Formation of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy‐Like Tau Filaments
Authors: Kitoka Kristine , Lends Alons , Kucinskas Gytis , Bula Anna Lina , Krasauskas Lukas , Smirnovas Vytautas , Zilkova Monika , Kovacech Branislav , Skrabana Rostislav , Hritz Jozef , Jaudzems Kristaps 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe microtubule‐associated protein tau forms disease‐specific filamentous aggregates in several different neurodegenerative diseases. In order to understand how tau undergoes misfolding into a specific filament type and to control this process for drug development purposes, it is crucial to study in vitro tau aggregation methods and investigate the structures of the obtained filaments at the atomic level. Here, we used the tau fragment dGAE, which aggregates spontaneously, to seed the formation of full‐length tau filaments. The structures of dGAE and full‐length tau filaments were investigated by magic‐angle spinning (MAS) solid‐state NMR, showing that dGAE allows propagation of a chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE)‐like fold to the full‐length tau. The obtained filaments efficiently seeded tau aggregation in HEK293T cells. This work demonstrates that in vitro preparation of disease‐specific types of full‐length tau filaments is feasible.
A Strategy for the Formal C−N Cross‐Coupling of Tertiary Amines
Authors: Ledwith Peter R. , Cooney Madelene L. , Bahou Karim A. , García‐Cárceles Javier , Thomson Joshua , Bower John F. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe report a strategy for the formal C−N cross‐coupling of tertiary amines via the in situ generation and displacement of N‐acyl ammonium species. Specifically, treatment of diverse tertiary amines with TFAA or chloroformates in the presence of NaI leads to the efficient generation of alkyl iodides, which can be engaged directly in Ni‐catalyzed cross‐couplings. The protocol is applicable to acyclic and cyclic systems, including highly hindered variants. Applications to the late‐stage modification of complex heterocycles are presented.
Surface Cladding Engineering via Oxygen Sulfur Distribution for Stable Electrocatalytic Oxygen Production
Authors: Zi Shengjie , Zhu Jiamin , Zhai Yue , Hu Yang , Zhang Nan , Li Shuhui , Liu Luohua , An Li , Xi Pinxian , Yan Chun‐Hua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInevitable leaching and corrosion under anodic oxidative environment greatly restrict the lifespan of most catalysts with excellent primitive activity for oxygen production. Here, based on Fick’ s Law, we present a surface cladding strategy to mitigate Ni dissolution and stabilize lattice oxygen triggering by directional flow of interfacial electrons and strong electronic interactions via constructing elaborately cladding‐type NiO/NiS heterostructure with controlled surface thickness. Multiple in situ characterization technologies indicated that this strategy can effectively prevent the irreversible Ni ions leaching and inhibit lattice oxygen from participating in anodic reaction. Combined with density functional theory calculations, we reveal that the stable interfacial O−Ni−S arrangement can facilitate the accumulation of electrons on surficial NiO side and weaken its Ni−O covalency. This would suppress the overoxidation of Ni and simultaneously fixing the lattice oxygen, thus enabling catalysts with boosted corrosion resistance without sacrificing its activity. Consequently, this cladding‐type NiO/NiS heterostructure exhibits excellent performance with a low overpotential of 256 mV after 500 h. Based on Fick's law, this work demonstrates the positive effect of surface modification through precisely adjusting of the oxygen‐sulfur exchange process, which has paved an innovative and effective way to solve the instability problem of anodic oxidation.
Hydrazine‐Catalysed Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization Of Cyclobutenes
Authors: Kellner‐Rogers Julian S. , Hsu Jesse H. , Keresztes Ivan , Fors Brett P. , Lambert Tristan H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMaterials formed by the ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of cyclic olefins are highly valued for industrial and academic applications but are difficult to prepare free of metal contaminants. Here we describe a highly efficient metal‐free ROMP of cyclobutenes using hydrazine catalysis. Reactions can be initiated via in situ condensation of a [2.2.2]‐bicyclic hydrazine catalyst with an aliphatic or aromatic aldehyde initiator. The polymerizations show living characteristics, achieving excellent control over molecular weight, low dispersity values, and high chain‐end fidelity. Additionally, the hydrazine can be used in substoichiometric amounts relative to the aldehyde chain‐end while maintaining good control over molecular weight and low dispersity values, indicating that a highly efficient chain transfer mechanism is occurring.
Photo‐Induced Ultrafast Charge Transfer and Air‐Stable Radical Formation in Tetraphenylpyrene Derivatives
Authors: Tang Lu , Gao Yuhang , Cong Nannan , Cui Zhiyuan , Zhang Ming , Li Feng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractStable organic radicals generated by photo‐excitation hold applications in molecular switching devices and information storage. It remains challenging to develop photo‐generated radical materials with rapid response and air stability in the solid state. Here, we report a structure based on 1,3,6,8‐tetraphenylpyrene derivative (Py‐TTAc) displaying photo‐induced radicals with air stability in the solid state. Photo‐induced electron transfer, exposed to a 365 nm ultraviolet lamp for 1 minute, affords radicals in Py‐TTAc powder as confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The maximum radical concentration reaches 2.21 % after continuous irradiation for 1 hour and recurs more than 10 times without any chemical degradation. The mechanistic study according to the femtosecond transient absorption (fsTA) and X‐ray technology suggests that the radicals are derived from photo‐induced symmetry‐breaking charge separation (SB‐CS) and stabilized through non‐covalent interactions. The photo‐generated stable radical system is employed in anti‐counterfeiting paper and optoelectronic device applications. This study will provide insights into the development of photoactive organic radical materials.
Waterborne polyurethane/cellulose composite aerogel with passive cooling and thermal insulation properties
Authors: He Yu , Zhang Zhenyu , Ma Haosen , Zhou Yan , Tian Xinxin , Sheng Dekun , Liu Xiangdong , Yang Yuming 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPassive cooling is a cooling technology that does not require external energy input, with most passive cooling strategies having high manufacturing difficulty and cost. In this study, we prepared lightweight aerogels (0.093 g/cm3) with high porosity (91.3%), directional pores, enhanced elastic recovery performance, and lower thermal conductivity (0.046 W/mK) through simple mixing, directional freezing, and freeze‐drying. The prepared samples have a reflectance of 87% in the ultraviolet—visible—near‐infrared (UV‐Vis‐NIR) range (0.2–2.5 μm) and an emissivity of 93.6% in the atmospheric transparency window. After covering the box with axial and transverse aerogel samples, the temperature inside the box relative to the uncovered sample box decreased by 12.9 and 13.4°C, respectively. This work provides a feasible method for the research of simply prepared passive cooling materials.
Crosslinked polyethyleneimine‐based structures in different morphologies as promising CO2 adsorption systems: A comprehensive study
Authors: Demirci Sahin , Inger Erk , Bhethanabotla Venkat , Sahiner Nurettin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAlthough there are many studies on CO2 adsorption via PEI‐modified carbon particles, metal–organic frameworks, zeolitic imidazolate frameworks, and silica‐based porous structures, only a limited number of studies on solely cross‐linked PEI‐based structures. Here, the CO2 adsorption capacities of PEI‐based microgels and cryogels were investigated. The effects of various parameters influencing the CO2 adsorption capacity of PEI‐based structures, for example, crosslinker types, PEI types (branched [bPEI] or linear [lPEI]), adsorbent types (microgel or cryogel), chemical‐modification including their complexes were examined. NaOH‐treated glycerol diglycidyl ether (GDE) crosslinked lPEI microgels exhibited higher CO2 adsorption capacity among other microgels with 0.094 ± 0.006 mmol CO2/g at 900 mm Hg, 25°C with 2‐ and 7.5‐fold increase upon pentaethylenehexamine (PEHA) modification and Ba(II) metal ion complexing, respectively. The CO2 adsorption capacity of bPEI and lPEI‐based cryogels were compared and found that lPEI‐GDE cryogels had higher adsorption capacity than bPEI‐GDE cryogels with 0.188 ± 0.01 mmol CO2/g at 900 mm Hg and 25°C. The reuse studies revealed that NaOH‐treated GDE crosslinked bPEI and lPEI microgels and cryogels showed promising potential, for example, after 10‐times repeated use >50% CO2 adsorption capacity was retained. The results affirmed that PEI‐based microgels and cryogels are encouraging materials for CO2 capture and reuse applications.
Journal recommended guidelines for systematic review and meta‐analyses
Authors: Wilson Adam B. , Bay Boon Huat , Byram Jessica N. , Carroll Melissa A. , Finn Gabrielle M. , Hammer Niels , Hildebrandt Sabine , Krebs Claudia , Wisco Jonathan J. , Organ Jason M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSystematic reviews and meta‐analyses aggregate research findings across studies and populations, making them a valuable form of research evidence. Over the past decade, studies in medical education using these methods have increased by 630%. However, many manuscripts are not publication‐ready due to inadequate planning and insufficient analyses. These guidelines aim to improve the clarity and comprehensiveness of reporting methodologies and outcomes, ensuring high quality and comparability. They align with existing standards like PRISMA, providing examples and best practices. Adhering to these guidelines is crucial for publication consideration in Anatomical Sciences Education.
Climate change exposure and the takeover market: A text‐based analysis
Authors: Chindasombatcharoen Pongsapak , Chatjuthamard Pattanaporn , Jiraporn Pornsit , Wongsinhirun Nopparat 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe examine the impact of takeover vulnerability on firm‐specific climate change exposure using sophisticated text‐based metrics generated from machine learning algorithms and a measure of takeover vulnerability primarily derived from state takeover laws. Based on a large sample of more than 28,000 observations, our findings show that firms more vulnerable to hostile takeovers have higher exposure to physical climate risks, as managers focus on short‐term financial performance over long‐term risk mitigation. These firms also reduce regulatory risk exposure by adopting stringent compliance measures and improving environmental practices to avoid penalties and attract investors. However, they are less likely to invest in new business opportunities related to climate change, prioritizing stability over potential gains in new business opportunities. Propensity score matching and entropy balancing confirm the robustness of these results. Our research provides insights into how hostile takeover threats influence corporate environmental strategies.
Structural and Electronic Factors Controlling the Efficiency and Rate of Intersystem Crossing to the Triplet State in Thiophene Polycyclic Derivatives
Authors: Griffrith Cameron , Krul Sarah E. , Hoehn Sean J. , Phan Tram , Crespo‐Hernández Carlos E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThiophene polycyclic derivatives are widely used in organic light‐emitting diodes, photovoltaics, and medicinal chemistry applications. Understanding the electronic and structural factors controlling their intersystem crossing rates is paramount for these applications to be successful. This study investigates the photophysical, electronic structure, and excited state dynamics of 1,2‐benzodiphenylene sulfide, benzo[b]naphtho[1,2‐d]thiophene, and benzo[b]naphtho[2,3‐d]thiophene in polar aprotic and non‐polar solvents. Steady‐state absorption and emission spectroscopy, femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, and DFT and TD‐DFT calculations are employed. Low fluorescence quantum yields of 1.2 to 2.7 % are measured in acetonitrile and cyclohexene, evidencing that the primary relaxation pathways in these thiophene derivatives are nonradiative. Linear interpolation of internal coordinates calculations predict that an S−C bond elongation reaction coordinate facilitates the efficient intersystem crossing to the T1 state. Excitation of 1,2‐benzodiphenylene sulfide and benzo[b]naphtho[1,2‐d]thiophene at 350 nm or benzo[b]naphtho[2,3‐d]thiophene at 365 nm, populates the lowest‐energy 1ππ* state, which relaxes to the 1ππ* minimum in tens of picoseconds or intersystem crosses to the triplet manifold in ca. 500 ps to 1.1 ns depending on the position at which the benzene rings are added. Excitation at 266 nm does not affect the intersystem crossing rates. Laser photodegradation experiments demonstrate that the thiophene polycyclic derivatives are highly photostable.
A Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on TPU/MXene/Carbon for Heart Rate and Tai Chi Posture Monitoring
Authors: Zhang Zhongxing , Cai Jun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRecently, the electronic skin (E‐skin) based on triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) has exhibited enormous potential in smart sports. However, TENGs device installed on human body usually faces challenges in complex mechanical environments. Here, we proposed a flexible TPU/MXene/carbon conductive electrode and combined with PDMS to prepare triboelectric nanogenerator (PT‐TENG) to harvest mechanical energy. Moreover, to demonstrate the application of PT‐TENG in smart sports, we can use it to monitor the posture changes of human joints during Tai Chi exercise and heart rate. The transfer charge (Qsc) of PT‐TENG can arrive at 104.65 nC, which is superior to the output performance produced by using traditional metal aluminum foil to prepare TENG device. The PT‐TENG can obtain the maximum output power of 132.34 μW under the working frequency 2 Hz. The experimental results show that PT‐TENG installed on the fingers, wrists, and knees of the human body can effectively perceive the bending angle of joints, which is very meaningful for evaluating the posture of movements in Tai Chi training. This research provide an effective path to promote the application of the self‐powered E‐skin based on TENG device on the smart sport field.
Preparation of 2‐Aminoimidazole‐Activated Substrates for the Study of Nonenzymatic Genome Replication
Authors: Robinson James D. , Sammons Scott R. , O'Flaherty Derek K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNonenzymatic genome replication is thought to be an important process for primitive lifeforms, but this has yet to be demonstrated experimentally. Recent studies on the nonenzymatic primer extension mechanism mediated by nucleoside 5′‐monophosphates (NMPs) activated with 2‐aminoimidazole have revealed that imidazolium‐bridged dinucleotide intermediates (N*N) account for the majority of the chemical copying process. As a result, an efficacious synthetic pathway for producing substrates activated with an imidazoyl moiety is desirable. This article provides a detailed protocol for the standard dehydrative redox reaction between NMPs and 2‐aminoimidazole to produce nucleotide phosphoroimidazolides. In addition, we describe a similar synthetic pathway to produce N*N in high yields for homodimers. Finally, a simple reversed‐phase cation exchange step is described to increase NMP solubility, which significantly increases yields for certain substrates. This approach allows for an efficient and cost‐effective methodology to prepare high‐quality substrates utilized in origins‐of‐life studies. © 2024 The Author(s). Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Synthesis of 2‐aminoimidazolephosphoroimidazolide‐activated cytidineBasic Protocol 2: Synthesis of 2‐aminoimidazolium‐bridged dicytidyl intermediateBasic Protocol 3: Cation exchange of guanosine 5′‐monophosphate disodium saltAlternate Protocol: Synthesis of cytidine 5′‐phosphoroimidazolide or 2‐aminoimidazolium‐bridged dicytidyl from cytidine 5′‐monophosphate disodium salt
Investigation of vaned diffuser endwall contouring technology for improving the stable operating range of a centrifugal compressor with an asymmetric volute
Authors: Cui Qin , Qin Guoliang , Jia Cheng , Wang Yi , Lei Jian , Zhang Yong , Sun Yuying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, nonaxisymmetric endwall contouring technology is employed as a passive control strategy to enhance the stable operating range of a centrifugal compressor with an asymmetric volute. The endwall contouring method is applied to the hub‐side wall of the vaned diffuser within a centrifugal compressor stage. Instead of utilizing a flat hub as the baseline diffuser, various diffuser configurations featuring hub‐side contoured endwalls are explored, with adjustments in the peak radial position and peak height of the convex and concave profiles. Numerical simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the centrifugal compressor stage with both the baseline and contoured vaned diffusers. The investigation explores the underlying flow control mechanisms and establishes the effective endwall contouring guidelines. The findings highlight the effectiveness of endwall contouring in enhancing the stable operating range of centrifugal compressors. Notably, a substantial enhancement of 15.1% in the stable operating range is achieved by employing the contoured diffuser with the peak radial position near the vane leading edge (LE) and the peak height at 20% of the vane height. The endwall contoured diffusers reduce the positive LE incidence angles to direct the fluid toward the suction side (SS), and increase the radial velocity near the SS to suppress the hub‐suction corner separations in the diffuser passages near the volute tongue. These improvements collectively contribute to the enhancement of diffuser flow characteristics. Finally, a set of effective endwall contouring guidelines is proposed to guide the endwall contouring design for enhancing the stable operating range of centrifugal compressors.
IFN‐γ and IL‐10 Immunosensor with Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube Interdigitated Electrodes toward Pen‐Side Cattle Paratuberculosis Monitoring
Authors: Ding Shaowei , Brownlee Benjamin J. , Parate Kshama , Pola Cicero C. , Chen Bolin , Hostetter Jesse M. , Jones Douglas , Jackman John , Iverson Brian D. , Claussen Jonathan C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHighly sensitive vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays (VANTAs) interdigitated electrode (IDE) arrays are developed for electrochemical biosensing of two cytokines (i.e., interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) and interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ)) that are useful for early detection Johne's disease (Bovine Paratuberculosis) in cattle. The high aspect ratio VANTA‐IDEs (50–60 µm in height) are grown through a chemical vapor deposition process from an iron (Fe) catalyst that is lithographically patterned on a silicon wafer with equal finger width and inter‐finger spacing of 25 µm. After functionalization with distinct antibodies the VANTA‐IDEs are capable of selective detection of both IL‐10 and IFN‐γ within an actual biological matrix (i.e., diluted bovine implant supernatant) over concentration ranges of 0.1 to 30 pg mL−1 (limit of detection – LOD: 0.0911 pg mL−1) and 50–500 pg mL−1 (LOD: 24.17 pg mL−1), respectively with a response time of <35 min. Results demonstrate important initial steps for rapid, pen‐side identification of cattle with stage‐I Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection before physical symptoms of Johne's disease are present. Such a rapid pen‐side diagnostic test can be used on cattle at an auction or before they are introduced to a herd to ensure the larger population does not become infected with Johne's disease.
Venation pattern of eleven species of Tephrosia
Authors: Bhatt R. P. , Tuteja S. K. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryThe venation pattern is studied in eleven species of Tephrosia. The major venation pattern conforms the pinnate camptodromous type. Areoles vary in size and shape. Composite intersecondaries and isolated tracheids are observed. Marginal ultimate venation is looped. Quantitative data regarding venation pattern have been used in grouping related taxa.
Studies on Bupleurum L. (Umbelliferae) in India II. SEM observations of leaf surfaces
Authors: Chakrabarty Chaitali , Mukherjee P. K. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryCuticular patterns of leaf surfaces are reported for 15 species of Bupleurum from India. The patterns found are of minor taxonomic significance, lending support only to the delineations of certain species. The adaptive value of the surface patterns in relation to habitats of the species concerned is discussed.
Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Pilzflora der Syrischen Arabischen Republik
Authors: Ali Nawal 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungIn der Arbeit werden Fundorte folgender phytoparasitischer Pilze aus der SAR mitgeteilt: Phragmidium tuberculatum J. Müll., Puccinia allii (DC.) Rudolphi, Puccinia graminis Pers., Puccinia sorghi Schweinitz, Uromyces phaseoli (Pers.) Wint., Uromyces viciae‐fabae (Pers.) Schroet.
Über antillanische Symplocaceae
Authors: Mai Dieter H. 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungVon 29 antillanischchen Arten der älteren Literatur hielten nur 18 der Kritik stand. S. strigillosa (Cuba) und S. jamaicensis (Jamaica) wurden in den Rang von Unterarten der weit verbreiteten S. martinicensis versetzt. S. azuensis aus der Dominikanischen Republik wird als neue Art beschrieben. Schwerpunkte der Bearbeitung waren die bisher ungenügend untersuchten Merkmalskomplexe der Steinfrüchte, der Pollen und der Blattskelette. Die suhgenerische Einteilung von Brand (1901) ist für die karibischen Arten im wesentlichen zu bestätigen. Arealgeographische Studien führten zur Ermittlung eines Entwicklungszentrums in der Sierra Maestra von Cuba und eines Reliktzentrums auf Guadeloupe. Der Endemitengrad bei der Gattung in der Karibik ist hoch.
Algunos aspectos fitogeográficos de plantas serpentinícolas cubanas
Authors: Iturralde Rosalina Berazaín 
Published: August 2024

ResumenSe describen ejemplos de distribución de las plantas serpentinicolas según los fenómenos de endemismo, relaciones, disyunciones y vicarianzas presentes a lo largo de lots núcleos ultrubásicos de la Isla de Cuba. Se discuten las posibles causas de la distribución actual.
Über eine altertümliche Konifere im Jungtertiär und deren Bedeutung für Braunkohlen‐ und Bernsteinbildung
Authors: Mai Dieter H. , Schneider Wilfrid 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungSamen, Zapfen und Zweige aus dem Oberoligozän/Untermiozän von Bitterfeld und der Lausitz gehören zu einer altertümlichen Konifere. die erstmals von Mai (1960) als Cupressospermum saxonicum beschrieben wurde. Disperse Kutikulen vom Typus Enormicutis saxonica Schneider n.fsp. gehören mit größter Wahrscheinlichkeit zur gleichen Art. Nach morphologischen und anatomischen Merkmalen gehört die Konifere zu mesozoischen Gruppen und ist im Jungtertiär Relikt. Ihr wird infolge ihres Harzreichtums große Bedeutung bei der Bernsteinbildung im Bitterfelder Gebiet zugemessen. Die Verteilung der dispersen Kutikulen bezeugl eine insbesondere in den ersten eutrophen torfbildenden Coenosen („K‐Fazies”) im 4. bis 2. miozänen Fiözhorizont teilweise dominierende Rolle dieser Konifere.