bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Gain Scheduling of the Proportional‐Integral‐Observer
Authors: Bakhshande Fateme , Söffker Dirk 
Published: December 2014

AbstractEstimation of states and unknown inputs simultaneously can be done by Proportional‐Integral‐Observer (PIO). This observer is used in nonlinear and robust control. It has additional integral feedback loop in comparison with the usual Luenberger observer. Increasing the gain of this observer the performance would be increased, however due to this high gain the performance is influenced by measurement noise. Advanced PI‐Observer (API) algorithm is a method which is used for scheduling the optimal gain of PI‐Observer based on the cost function and by using a bank of PI‐Observer. In this contribution the proposed method obtains relative optimal gain by using a given cost function. Afterwards the absolute optimal gain is computed by changing the design parameters at each step based on the desired performance criteria. The absolute optimal gain is found instead of relative optimal gain in comparison with the API‐Observer. Simulation results estimating contact forces acting to a vibrating elastic beam based on indirect measurements illustrate the improvement of the proposed method. (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
System Identification based on Model Synchronization
Authors: Koester Marius , Jehle Georg , Fidlin Alexander 
Published: December 2014

AbstractDetailed knowledge about system parameters is required in many technical applications in order to model the system adequately. The question how to obtain parameter values and state maps of certain components thus is of significant importance in engineering applications. In this contribution, a novel approach to identifying system parameters and parameter‐free state maps of a simple nonlinear clutch actuation device is presented. To identify parameters, the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is used for synchronizing a system model with measurements of the system response to transient excitation. (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A Soft‐Computing Algorithm‐based Cognitive Observer for an Elastic Robotic Arm
Authors: Tamimi Hammam , Söffker Dirk 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis paper proposes the use of Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm for modeling and states estimation of an elastic robotic arm. Due to the complexity of the elastic robotic arm, an accurate mathematical model and large number of sensors are needed to achieve accurate estimation. Initially, it is assumed that all system states are measurable for a short period of time. Additionally, the system output and input signals are being continuously measured. The modeling module builds two models, the internal model which will capture the dynamics of the elastic robotic arm and the data‐driven observer model which will estimate the system states. The internal model and data‐driven observer are obtained based on the experimental measurements using SVM algorithm in contrast to classical methods that uses the mathematical system model to drive an observer. The internal model is able to make multi‐steps ahead predictions of all system states; therefore it can be used to generate a suitable control strategy. Once the models are ready, the main sensors can be removed or turned off. The proposed modeling module will eliminate the need for mathematical modeling and reduces the number of permanent sensors needed. If the main sensors are removed completely, the hardware price can be radically reduced. The simulation result demonstrates the efficiency and high performance of the modeling module. (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Numerical Solution of Large Scale Sparse Matrix Equations in Python
Authors: Baran Björn , Köhler Martin , Prasad Nitin , Saak Jens 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe M.E.S.S. software suite for solving large scale matrix equations and related problems is the successor of the obsolete LyaPack MATLAB® toolbox. The software suite consists of a new MATLAB toolbox and a separate C library C‐M.E.S.S. which works independent from MATLAB. Due to the fact that many scientists use Python with NumPy and SciPy for their computations, we want to provide the key algorithms of M.E.S.S. there as well. In this paper, we describe and compare two possible approaches for the implementation, with special focus on their multicore performance. (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Sum factorization of the static condensed Helmholtz equation in a three‐dimensional spectral element discretization
Authors: Huismann Immo , Haupt Lars , Stiller Jörg , Fröhlich Jochen 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe propose a factorization technique for the Helmholtz operator of a static condensed, three‐dimensional, cartesian spectral‐element discretization, that yields linear complexity in the number of degrees of freedom. We then compare its performance to a reference implementation of the conventional, unfactorized approach. (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Interpolation‐based nonlinear parametric MOR for gas pipelines
Authors: Lu Yi , Marheineke Nicole , Mohring Jan 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis work deals with the model order reduction (MOR) of nonlinear, parametric systems of partial differential equations as they arise in gas pipeline modeling. We present an approach that is based on a linearization around parametric working points, linear modal reduction and interpolation. The choice of the working points as well as the interpolation strategy crucially determine the approximation quality. (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Laplacians on quantum hypergraphs
Authors: Mugnolo Delio 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe introduce quantum hypergraphs, in analogy with the theory of quantum graphs developed over the last 15 years by many authors. We emphasize some problems that arise when one tries to define a Laplacian on a hypergraph. (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Fluid Flow in Wedge Type Domains
Authors: Maier Siegfried , Saal Jürgen 
Published: December 2014

AbstractMaximal regularity for the Stokes equations with perfect slip type boundary conditions on wedge domains is studied. The approach is based on operator theoretical methods, such as the operator sum method and ℋ∞‐calculus, and the reduced Stokes system. (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Local moment problem
Authors: Adamyan Vadym , Tkachenko Igor 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe work is devoted to the local moment problem, which consists in finding of non‐decreasing functions on the real axis having given first 2n + 1, n ≥ 0, power moments on the whole axis and also 2m + 1 first power moments on a certain finite axis interval. Considering the local moment problem as a combination of the Hausdorff and Hamburger truncated moment problems we obtain the conditions of its solvability and describe the class of its solutions with minimal number of growth points if the problem is solvable. (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A note on causality in reflexive Banach spaces.
Authors: Waurick Marcus 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn this short note we discuss the causality of linear closable operators in reflexive Banach spaces. We show that in general causality is not preserved under closure procedures. We shall give an alternative definition of causality for closable operators by means of a certain continuity poperty that carries over to the closure. (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Parabolic equations with mixed boundary conditions, degenerate diffusion and diffusion on interfaces
Authors: Disser Karoline 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe provide a unified functional analytic framework and prove a well‐posedness result for linear scalar parabolic problems in a non‐smooth setting, including mixed boundary conditions and additional dynamics and possible diffusion on the boundary and on an enclosed interface. (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Perron‐Frobenius type results for the block numerical range
Authors: Radl Agnes 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe survey results for the block numerical range of positive operators and Perron polynomials. It turns out that many properties of the block numerical range resemble the spectral properties known from Perron‐Frobenius theory for matrices and its generalisations to bounded linear operators. (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The parareal algorithm as a new approach for numerical integration of ODEs in real‐time simulations in automotive industry
Authors: Loderer Thomas , Heuveline Vincent , Lohner Rudolf 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn the automotive industry, there is a growing demand for real‐time simulation of dynamic physical models. This work investigates the capability of the parareal algorithm to meet these requirements for those physical models that are described by a system of ODEs. For this purpose, it is investigated in numerical simulations how different choices for some of the degrees of freedom arising in the implementation of parareal affect the accuracy and run time of the numerical integration in case of a benchmark task. Furthermore, the stability of the parareal scheme is investigated theoretically in case that the coarse stage uses a simplified model. (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Dynamics of discrete screw dislocations via discrete gradient flow
Authors: De Luca Lucia 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe present variational approaches (developed in [3,4,11]) to the study of statics and dynamics of screw dislocations in crystals.We model the crystal as a cubic lattice and we give the asymptotic Γ‐convergence expansion of the elastic energy induced by a finite family of screw dislocations as the lattice spacing goes to zero. We show that the effective energy associated to the presence of a finite system of screw dislocations coincides with the renormalized energy, studied within the Ginzburg‐Landau framework and ruling the interactions between the dislocations. As a byproduct of this analysis, we show the existence of many metastable configurations of dislocations pinned by energy barries. Using the minimizing movement approach á la De Giorgi, we introduce a discrete‐in‐time variational dynamics, referred to as Discrete Gradient Flow, which allows to overcome these energy barriers. More precisely, we show that lettting first the lattice spacing and then the time step of minimizing movements tend to zero, dislocations move accordingly with the gradient flow of the renormalized energy. (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The Use of Cuff Weights for Aquatic Gait Training in People Post‐Stroke with Hemiparesis
Authors: Nishiyori Ryota , Lai Byron , Lee Do Kyeong , Vrongistinos Konstantinos , Jung Taeyou 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackground and PurposeThis study aimed to examine how spatiotemporal and kinematic gait variables are influenced by the application of a cuff weight during aquatic walking in people post‐stroke. The secondary purpose was to compare the differences in gait responses between the placements of cuff weights on the proximal (knee weight) and distal end (ankle weight) of the shank.MethodsTwenty‐one participants post‐stroke with hemiparesis aged 66.3 ± 11.3 years participated in a cross‐sectional comparative study. Participants completed two aquatic walking trials at their self‐selected maximum walking speed across an 8‐m walkway under each of the three conditions: 1) walking with a knee weight; 2) walking with an ankle weight; and 3) walking with no weight. Cuff weights were worn on the paretic leg of each participant. Gait speed, cadence, step width and joint kinematics of the hip, knee and ankle joints were recorded by a customized three‐dimensional underwater motion analysis system.ResultsMean aquatic walking speeds significantly increased with the use of cuff weights when compared to walking with no weight. Changes in gait variables were found in the non‐paretic leg with the addition of weight, while no significant changes were found in the paretic leg.ConclusionThe results suggest that the use of additional weight can be helpful if the goal of gait training is to improve walking speed of people post‐stroke during pool floor walking. However, it is interesting to note that changes in gait variables were not found in the paretic limb where favourable responses were expected to occur. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Certificateless online/offline signcryption scheme
Authors: Li Jiguo , Zhao Jingjing , Zhang Yichen 
Published: December 2014

AbstractSigncryption is a highly efficient approach to achieve simultaneously confidentiality and authentication of message, which is more feasible than the simple combination of encryption and signature. The online/offline cryptography can further enhance the efficiency of signcryption system process without affecting its security. At present, most online/offline signcryptions focus on the ID‐based setting. However, the key escrow problem is inherent in ID‐based cryptography, which is regarded as the main barrier to affect the implementation of system. In this paper, we propose a brand new certificateless online/offline signcryption scheme. We prove the security of our scheme under q‐mBDHI, CDH and q‐CAA assumptions in the random oracle model. The proposed scheme overcomes the key escrow problem in the ID‐based setting. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Shear strength of deep beams: a mathematical model and design formula
Authors: Kassem Wael 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis paper presents a proposal for estimating the shear capacity of reinforced concrete deep beams. The proposed model is based on the fixed‐angle softened truss model and utilizes a newly proposed formula for the effective transverse compressive stress acting on the beam web. The proposed formula is developed using a stepwise multiple linear regression analysis of the reported shear capacity values of 445 experimental deep beams. The validity of the mathematical model is examined by comparing its response with the experimental results as well as the predictions of other formulas available in the literature, and it results in the one best fitting the measured shear strengths. The mathematical model leads to an explicit single closed‐form expression for computing the shear strength of deep beams. The proposed expression is dimensionless and contains four variables that express the horizontal and vertical reinforcement ratios, the concrete strength and the shear span‐to‐depth ratio. On the basis of the results of this paper, a design formula is proposed with predictions that are more consistent and also more reliable than those of the ACI Code and the Eurocode.
Single‐molecule bioelectronics
Authors: Rosenstein Jacob K. , Lemay Serge G. , Shepard Kenneth L. 
Published: December 2014

Experimental techniques that interface single biomolecules directly with microelectronic systems are increasingly being used in a wide range of powerful applications, from fundamental studies of biomolecules to ultra‐sensitive assays. In this study, we review several technologies that can perform electronic measurements of single molecules in solution: ion channels, nanopore sensors, carbon nanotube field‐effect transistors, electron tunneling gaps, and redox cycling. We discuss the shared features among these techniques that enable them to resolve individual molecules, and discuss their limitations. Recordings from each of these methods all rely on similar electronic instrumentation, and we discuss the relevant circuit implementations and potential for scaling these single‐molecule bioelectronic interfaces to high‐throughput arrayed sensing platforms. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2015, 7:475–493. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1323This article is categorized under:

Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing
Long‐Term Follow‐Up After Non‐operative Management of Biloma Due to Blunt Liver Injury
Authors: Tamura Nobuichiro , Ishihara Satoshi , Kuriyama Akira , Watanabe Shigeru , Suzuki Koichiro 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIntroductionSome case series have reported that hepatectomy was used to treat major bile leakage and biloma. However, it is unknown whether non‐operative management (NOM) can be used to treat these complications. Our hospital uses NOM primarily for blunt liver injuries. This study describes the incidence and treatment of newly developed biloma in hemodynamically stable patients with blunt liver trauma and investigates NOM as a treatment option.MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted from January 2006 to May 2012 at a tertiary care hospital in Japan. The primary outcome measures were the incidence of biloma and the number of patients who required operative management. Biloma was defined as a cystic lesion with low density near the site of liver injury on contrast‐enhanced abdominal computed tomography.ResultsChart review identified 98 patients (63 males and 35 females). Thirty‐five of 98 patients (35.7 % [95 % CI, 26.2–45.2]) developed biloma. Infected biloma in three, of whom one required percutaneous drainage. Hepatectomy was not performed.ConclusionOur data suggest that biloma after NOM of blunt liver injury is common (36 %), but infected biloma is rare. All patients with bilomas were treated using NOM. Most bilomas are self‐limited, and NOM is feasible.
Investigations related to scientific deep drilling to study reservoir-triggered earthquakes at Koyna, India
Authors: Gupta Harsh , Purnachandra Rao N. , Roy Sukanta , Arora Kusumita , Tiwari V. M. , Patro Prasanta K. , Satyanarayana H. V. S. , Shashidhar D. , Mallika K. , Akkiraju Vyasulu V. , Goswami Deepjyoti , Vyas Digant , Ravi G. , Srinivas K. N. S. S. S. , Srihari M. , Mishra S. , Dubey C. P. , Raju D. Ch. V. , Borah Ujjal , Chinna Reddy K. , Babu Narendra , Rohilla Sunil , Dhar Upasana , Sen Mrinal , Bhaskar Rao Y. J. , Bansal B. K. , Nayak Shailesh 
Published: December 2014

AbstractArtificial water reservoir-triggered earthquakes have continued at Koyna in the Deccan Traps province, India, since the impoundment of the Shivaji Sagar reservoir in 1962. Existing models, to comprehend the genesis of triggered earthquakes, suffer from lack of observations in the near field. To investigate further, scientific deep drilling and setting up a fault zone observatory at depth of 5–7 km is planned in the Koyna area. Prior to undertaking deep drilling, an exploratory phase of investigations has been launched to constrain subsurface geology, structure and heat flow regime in the area that provide critical inputs for the design of the deep borehole observatory. Two core boreholes drilled to depths of 1,522 and 1,196 m have penetrated the Deccan Traps and sampled the granitic basement in the region for the first time. Studies on cores provide new and direct information regarding the thickness of the Deccan Traps, the absence of infra-Trappean sediments and the nature of the underlying basement rocks. Temperatures estimated at a depth of 6 km in the area, made on the basis of heat flow and thermal properties data sets, do not exceed 150 °C. Low-elevation airborne gravity gradient and magnetic data sets covering 5,012 line km, together with high-quality magnetotelluric data at 100 stations, provide both regional information about the thickness of the Deccan Traps and the occurrence of localized density heterogeneities and anomalous conductive zones in the vicinity of the hypocentral zone. Acquisition of airborne LiDAR data to obtain a high-resolution topographic model of the region has been completed over an area of 1,064 km2centred on the Koyna seismic zone. Seismometers have been deployed in the granitic basement inside two boreholes and are planned in another set of six boreholes to obtain accurate hypocentral locations and constrain the disposition of fault zones.
Antibacterial activity of a cell wall hydrolase from Lactobacillus paracasei NRRL B-50314 produced by recombinant Bacillus megaterium
Authors: Liu Siqing , Rich Joseph O , Anderson Amber 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The cell-free supernatant (CFS) from Lactobacillus paracasei NRRL B-50314 culture has been previously reported as containing antibacterial activity against a wide variety of Gram-positive bacteria. The CFS protein gel slice corresponding to antibacterial activities was subjected to trypsin digestion and ion trap MASS (Gel/LC–MS/MS) analysis. BlastP search of the resulted IQAVISIAEQQIGKP sequence led to a hypothetical cell-wall associated hydrolase (designated as CWH here) from Lactobacillus paracasei ATCC 25302. Further analyses of CWH revealed that the IQAVISIAEQQIGKP belongs to a highly conserved region of the NlpC/P60 superfamily. The L. paracasei NRRL B-50314 CWH gene, cloned in pStrepHIS1525CWH477, was introduced into Bacillus megaterium MS 941. The production of CWH477 protein was induced by xylose. The CWH477 protein was purified by using NiNTA column, and elution fraction E2 showed highest antibacterial activity. This study and bioinformatics analyses suggested that the antibacterial activity of CWH could originate from its cell wall degrading enzymatic function.
Plant silicon content in forests of north China and its implications for phytolith carbon sequestration
Authors: Yang Xiaomin , Song Zhaoliang , Liu Hongyan , Bolan Nanthi S. , Wang Hailong , Li Zimin 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn plants, silicon (Si) accumulates in phytoliths, which can contain 0.1–6.0 % occluded organic carbon (phytolith‐occluded organic carbon, PhytOC). Globally, phytolith formation has implications for the long‐term terrestrial carbon balance, and thus, global climate change. In this study, we analyzed the Si contents of 108 species of plants from Inner Mongolia and Hebei, China, to demonstrate the relationships between plant Si content and various phylogenetic and ecological characteristics, and to estimate PhytOC production in the forests of north China. Variations in Si content were related to the plant's higher‐level phylogenetic position, according to the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group III classification. In angiosperms, the commelinoid monocot orders accumulated substantially more Si than did the other monocot orders, and the asteroid dicot orders accumulated more Si than did the other dicot orders. In an ecological context, herbs had the highest Si content (0.47 ± 0.26 % dry weight), followed by trees (0.33 ± 0.13 % dry weight) and shrubs (0.24 ± 0.09 % dry weight). The total PhytOC production rate in the forests of north China corresponded to 0.48 ± 0.20 × 106 t CO2 year−1, approximately 44 % of which was contributed by the understory vegetation comprising herbs and shrubs. This finding indicates that the phytolith carbon sequestration potential of the forests may be further enhanced by afforestation/reforestation, preserving the understory vegetation, and maximizing the aboveground net primary productivity of all forest layers, especially herbs that accumulate high Si contents.