bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Holistic Life-Span Health Outcomes Among Elite Intercollegiate Student–Athletes
Authors: Sorenson Shawn C. , Romano Russell , Scholefield Robin M. , Martin Brandon E. , Gordon James E. , Azen Stanley P. , Schroeder E. Todd , Salem George J. 
Published: August 2014

Context:
Competitive sports are recognized as having unique health benefits and risks, and the effect of sports on life-span health among elite athletes has received increasing attention. However, supporting scientific data are sparse and do not represent modern athletes.

Objective:
To assess holistic life-span health and health-related quality-of-life (HRQL) among current and former National Collegiate Athletic Association student–athletes (SAs).

Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Setting:
A large Division I university.

Patients or Other Participants:
Population-based sample of 496 university students and alumni (age 17–84 years), including SAs and an age-matched and sex-matched nonathlete (NA) control group.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Participants completed anonymous, self-report questionnaires. We measured the Short-Form 12 (SF-12) physical and mental component HRQL scores and cumulative lifetime experience and relative risk of treatment for joint, cardiopulmonary, and psychosocial health concerns.

Results:
Older alumni (age 43+ years) SAs reported greater joint health concerns than NAs (larger joint summary scores; P = .04; Cohen d = 0.69; probability of clinically important difference [pCID] = 77%; treatment odds ratio [OR] = 14.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.6, 126). Joint health for current and younger alumni SAs was similar to that for NAs. Older alumni reported greater cardiopulmonary health concerns than younger alumni (summary score P &lt; .001; d = 1.05; pCID = 85%; OR = 5.8, 95% CI = 2.0, 16) and current students (P &lt; .001; d = 2.25; pCID &gt;99.5%; OR = 7.1, 95% CI = 3.3, 15), but the risk was similar for SAs and NAs. Current SAs demonstrated evidence of better psychosocial health (summary score P = .006; d = −0.52; pCID = 40%) and mental component HRQL (P = .008; d = 0.50; pCID = 48%) versus NAs but similar psychosocial treatment odds (OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.39, 1.9). Psychosocial health and mental component HRQL were similar between alumni SAs and NAs. No differences were observed between SAs and NAs in physical component HRQL.

Conclusions:
The SAs demonstrated significant, clinically meaningful evidence of greater joint health concerns later in life, comparable cardiopulmonary health, and differences in life-span psychosocial health and HRQL profiles compared with NAs. These data provide timely evidence regarding a compelling public issue and highlight the need for further study of life-span health among modern athletes.
Loss of Malignancy in Mouse Melanoma Cells by Long-Term Impact of Interferon-Beta In Vitro is Associated with N- and VE-Cadherins Suppression without Inhibition of Expression of EMT-Associated Twist and Slug Proteins
Authors: Alexandra Lykhova  , Natalia Bezdenezhnykh  , Nadiia Semesiuk  , Inna Adamenko  , Ada Vorontsova  , Yuri Kudryavets  
Published: August 2014

Aim: To study the effect of long-term impact of mouse interferon-beta (IFN-b) on the behavior of mouse melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo and the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) associated proteins. Materials and Methods: Studies were performed on mouse B16 melanoma cells as a tumor model (MM-4 cell line). Immunocytochemical and tumor cell biology approaches have been used in this study. Results: Long-time treatmentof MM-4 melanoma cellswith low-dose IFN-b (1/2 of IC50) leads to change their morphology, significant inhibition of cell growth and plating efficiency, suppression of cell migration and anchorage-independent growth in semisolid agar. Moreover, IFN-modification of melanoma cells is accompanied by the significant suppression of their malignancy in vivo: growth of tumor induced by IFN-treated cells has inhibited on 50% and growth of metastases - on 90%. Also, IFN-modification of MM-4 cells affects on the expression of proteins involved in cell cycle regulation and inhibits expression of some molecules of adhesion (N-, VE-cadherins), but not influence on the expression of EMT-associated Twist and Slug proteins and E-cadherin. Conclusions: Long-term impact of mouse IFN-beta in low dose on melanoma cells in vitro changes their phenotype and inhibits their proliferative potential, signs of malignancy in vitro, tumorigenicity and metastatic ability in vivo. Loss of malignancy is associated with inhibition of N- and VE-cadherins expression, but not associated with the change of expression and subcellular localization of E-cadherin and EMT transcription factors Twist and Slug.
Posttraumatic stress in breast cancer patients
Authors: Bulotienė Giedrė , Matuizienė Jurgita 
Published: August 2014

Background. Breast cancer diagnosis is a potential life-threatening event associated with significant distress. The present study aimed to identify the prevalence of posttraumatic stress and its association with clinical and social factors in early breast cancer patients and one year after surgery.
Materials and methods. Four hundred twenty one newly diagnosed breast cancer patients completed three questionnaires: Impact of Event Scale – revised (IES-R), Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), Vrana & Lauterbach Traumatic Events Scale-Civilian (TEQ). Women were questioned before surgery and one year later. Patients were 18–80 years old resident Lithuanian women with histologically confirmed breast cancer and no history of other cancers. Additional requirements were as follows: ability to read Lithuanian and being capable of completing a questionnaire.
Results. 51.5% of newly diagnosed breast cancer patients had from moderate to severe symptoms of PTSD (score average of IES-R ≥ 1.5). After one year it decreased and there were 33.5% of patients who had symptoms of PTSD. The scores of all subscales were decreased a bit as well. Immediately after statement of diagnosis, PTSD correlated with sadness, often cry and earlier traumatic experience. One year later, PTSD correlated with poor self perception, sadness and traumatic experience during this year. Pessimistic mood, lack of energy, difficulties to concentrate were significant to breast cancer patients.
Conclusions. A significant number of breast cancer patients suffers from PTSD symptoms. After one year, the amount of patients suffering from PTSD decreased almost twice. Depression and traumatic experience are the predictors of PTSD. The findings show that early evaluation of psychoemotional needs of breast cancer patients is necessary and early interventions are meaningful.
The study of cancer patients’ distress
Authors: Lunevičiūtė Ūla , Masteikienė Egidija 
Published: August 2014

Background. Distress of cancer patients is often left unnoticed and it induces various problems: it is harder for patients to adjust to the illness, the quality of life is poorer, it causes much distress for the team of oncologists. 1 year before in the VU Institute of Oncology the Distress Thermometer was started to be used for all patients in the hospital.
Purpose. To explore distress prevalence and features of cancer patients’ in the hospital.
Participants and methods. There were 488 participants. The Distress Thermometer (DT) was used to evaluate distress of the participants. DT consists of a Likert type scale from 0 to 10 that assesses the strength of experienced distress, and a problem list that includes practical, family, emotional, spiritual and physical problem groups.
Results. The mean score of distress of all participants was 3.47 (SD = 2.47). 82% of participants pointed from 0 to 5 scores, 18% of participants indicated from 6 to 10 scores. There was a statistically significant corellation between the distress score and the number of problems (r = 0.43, p
Clinical results of vulvar cancer treatment in early stages based on sentinel lymph node biopsy and classic surgical treatment in the Institute of Onco­logy of Vilnius University between 2011 and 2013
Authors: Žilinskas Kastytis , Maculevič Kristina , Volochovič Jelena , Zakarevičienė Jolita 
Published: August 2014

Background. Radical vulvectomy accompanied by bilateral inguinal lymph nodes dissection (ILND) has been performed to treat cancer for a long time but, due to various short and long term postoperative complications, alternatives have been found. The objective was to compare the clinical results of vulvar cancer treatment in early stages based on sentinel lymph node(s) biopsy (SLNB) and classic surgical treatment and to evaluate the radiological safety of SLNB.
Materials and methods. Retrospective study involved 26 patients with clinical stage I–II of vulvar carcinoma treated in the Institute of Oncology, Vilnius University, between 2011 and 2013. The women were divided into two groups: 14 patients underwent a reduced surgical treatment based on the SLNB method, and 12 patients underwent a classic surgical treatment.
Results. After SLNB and intraoperative histological examination, 9 patients in the first group underwent radical tumour excision, while the others underwent ipsilateral or bilateral ILND. Final histological examination detected metastases in lymph nodes in 4 patients from the first group and 3 patients from the second group. The average surgery duration on the patients undergoing only SLNB and radical tumour excision was 77.2 minutes, and the classical surgery took 177.7 minutes. Average exposure levels measured in the first group reached up to 1 µSv/hour.
Conclusions. Surgery treatment based on SLNB for patients with early stages of vulvar carcinoma can reduce the extent of surgical interventions. Exposure limits to the patients and staff were safe.
Prognostic value of cardiac iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine imaging in patients with indications for cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Maneikienė Vytė Valerija , Vajauskas Donatas , Aidietis Audrius , Tamošiūnas Algirdas Edvardas , Ručinskas Kęstutis , Skiauterytė Eglė , Marinskis Germanas 
Published: August 2014

Background. The aim of our study was to assess the cardiac 123I-MIBG imaging predictive value on the clinical outcome in HF patients with wide QRS complexes and compare its power in different treatment groups.
Materials and methods. We have prospectively investigated 67 heart failure patients with the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class II–IV, wide QRS complexes (>120 milliseconds), reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LV EF) eligible for CRT. 123I-MIBG planar and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scans were performed in a supine position with calculation of early and late heart-to-mediastinum (H/M) ratios, washout ratio (WR), summed defect scores and scores difference from SPECT acquisition. All patients were then divided in two groups according to their clinical status – 36 patients underwent implantation of CRT, and 31 patients were continued with OMT. Initial conventional heart failure markers and NYHA were assessed at the time of 123I-MIBG imaging and 6 months later. Comparisons of two groups were done applying the Student’s t-test, and if samples were small, the Fisher’s exact test was used. NYHA groups were compared applying the ANOVA single factor analysis. ROC curve analysis was performed to establish cut off values for predictors of response.
Results. Cardiac 123I-MIBG imaging data differed insignificantly, presenting a similar cardiac adrenergic innervation status in both groups. In the CRT group, NYHA and LV EF indicated more pronounced signs of HF. For all patients, NYHA IV patients had significantly larger LV diameter, smaller EF, larger BNP levels, lower late H/M values and larger denervation score difference. Responders to therapy (both groups) had significantly higher early H/M ratio – 2.35 ± 0.41 than non-responders – 2.00 ± 0.44 (p = 0.004), and late H/M ratio – 2.11 ± 0.44 for responders and 1.72 ± 0.54 for non-responders (p = 0.005). There were no significant differences in regional cardiac 123I-MIBG data for responders and non-responders.
Conclusions. Cardiac 123I-MIBG imaging has valuable prognostic power predicting clinical outcomes of HF patients with wide QRS complexes, despite the chosen type of treatment, with better outcomes for patients with early H/M ratio 2.00 and late H/M ratio above 1.77.
Heteropoly Acid Catalysts for the Synthesis of Fragrance Compounds from Biorenewables: The Alkoxylation of Monoterpenes
Authors: de Meireles Augusto L. P. , dos Santos Costa Maíra , da Silva Rocha Kelly A. , Kozhevnikova Elena F. , Kozhevnikov Ivan V. , Gusevskaya Elena V. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe cesium salt of tungstophosphoric heteropoly acid, Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40, is an active and environmentally friendly solid‐acid catalyst for the liquid‐phase alkoxylation of widespread monoterpenes, such as camphene, limonene, α‐pinene, and β‐pinene. These reactions provide isobornyl or α‐terpenyl ethers, useful as fragrances, in good to excellent yields. The reactions are equilibrium‐controlled and occur with high catalyst turnover numbers (TONs) up to 1500–4200 without catalyst leaching. Heteropoly acid H3PW12O40 also efficiently catalyzes the alkoxylation of these monoterpenes under homogeneous conditions with TONs up to 1500–11 300.
Air‐Stable Solid Aryl and Heteroaryl Organozinc Pivalates: Syntheses and Applications in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Manolikakes Sophia M. , Ellwart Mario , Stathakis Christos I. , Knochel Paul 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA wide range of air‐stable, solid, polyfunctional aryl and heteroarylzinc pivalates were efficiently prepared by either magnesium insertion or Hal/Mg exchange followed by transmetalation with Zn(OPiv)2 (OPiv=pivalate). By reducing the amount of LiCl the air stability could be significantly enhanced compared with previously prepared reagents. An alternative route is directed magnesiation using TMPMgCl⋅LiCl (TMP=2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidyl) followed by transmetalation with Zn(OPiv)2 or, for very sensitive substrates, direct zincation by using TMPZnOPiv. These zinc reagents not only show excellent stability towards air, but they also undergo a broad range of CC bond‐formation reactions, such as allylation and carbocupration reactions, as well as addition to aldehydes and 1,4‐addition reactions. Acylation reactions can be performed by using an excess of TMSCl to overcome side reactions of the omnipresent pivalate anion.
Alternative methods for toxicity assessments in fish: Comparison of the fish embryo toxicity and the larval growth and survival tests in zebrafish and fathead minnows
Authors: Jeffries Marlo K. Sellin , Stultz Amy E. , Smith Austin W. , Rawlings Jane M. , Belanger Scott E. , Oris James T. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

An increased demand for chemical toxicity evaluations has resulted in the need for alternative testing strategies that address animal welfare concerns. The fish embryo toxicity (FET) test developed for zebrafish (Danio rerio) is one such alternative, and the application of the FET test to other species such as the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) has been proposed. In the present study, the performances of the FET test and the larval growth and survival (LGS; a standard toxicity testing method) test in zebrafish and fathead minnows were evaluated. This required that testing methods for the fathead minnow FET and zebrafish LGS tests be harmonized with existing test methods and that the performance of these testing strategies be evaluated by comparing the median lethal concentrations of 2 reference toxicants, 3,4-dicholoraniline and ammonia, obtained via each of the test types. The results showed that procedures for the zebrafish FET test can be adapted and applied to the fathead minnow. Differences in test sensitivity were observed for 3,4-dicholoraniline but not ammonia; therefore, conclusions regarding which test types offer the least or most sensitivity could not be made. Overall, these results show that the fathead minnow FET test has potential as an alternative toxicity testing strategy and that further analysis with other toxicants is warranted in an effort to better characterize the sensitivity and feasibility of this testing strategy. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2584–2594. © 2014 SETAC
Update on the melanoma staging system: The importance of sentinel node staging and primary tumor mitotic rate
Authors: Balch Charles M. , Gershenwald Jeffrey E. , Soong Seng‐jaw , Thompson John F. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe 7th Edition of the AJCC Staging Manual includes a detailed summary of melanoma staging and prognosis. The revisions are summarized in this article, along with details on two key aspects of melanoma staging: the incorporation of mitotic rate of the primary melanoma and the key role of the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in determining accurate staging for clinically occult nodal metastases. Primary tumor mitotic rate was introduced as a major criterion for melanoma staging and prognosis that replaces the Clark's level of invasion, and is now proven to be an important independent adverse predictor of survival. Analysis of the AJCC melanoma staging database demonstrated a significant inverse correlation between primary tumor mitotic rate (histologically defined as mitoses/mm2) and survival. The use of SLNB reliably identifies melanoma patients with nodal micrometastases, enabling clinicians to identify patients with occult nodal metastases that would otherwise take months or years to become clinically palpable The number of nodal metastases was the most significant independent predictor of survival among all patients with stage III disease, including among patients with nodal micrometastases, and continues to be a primary criterion for defining Stage III melanoma. A clinical scoring system model and multivariate predictive tool under the auspices of the AJCC has led to a first‐generation web‐based predictive tool (www.melanomaprognosis.org). J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:379–385. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Children and youth with type 1 diabetes developing concomitant autoimmune disease do not exhibit worsening metabolic control or growth impairment
Authors: Soni Astha , Shaw Emily Jayne , Natarajan Anuja , Ng Sze May 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and concurrent autoimmune condition (AI) on glycaemic control and growth in children.Twenty‐eight children with T1DM and associated autoimmune condition were matched by sex and age at onset with two controls each. HbA1c, height standard deviation scores (SDS), weight SDS and BMI SDS were measured between six months and five years after developing T1DM.We included 28 children with T1DM and AI (10 males) and 56 (20 males) age and sex matched controls with T1DM. Out of the 28 patients with AI conditions, 21 (75%) had coeliac disease (CD), eight (28%) had autoimmune hypothyroidism (AH) and one (4%) patient had both CD and AH. Development of an AI condition occurred at 2.3 ± 3.1 years after diagnosis of T1DM. There was no significant difference in growth parameters between children in the AI group compared with controls from diagnosis to five years after diagnosis of T1DM. Children in the AI group had a significantly better HbA1c control six months after diagnosis, but no significance was noted at one, two, three and five years. Multiple logistic regression of factors showed no independent risk factors that affected the development of an AI.Suboptimal therapeutic control of an autoimmune condition such as coeliac disease and T1DM is known to lead to impairment in growth and substantial morbidity. Our study shows children with T1DM developing a concurrent autoimmune disease were not at risk of worsening metabolic control or growth impairment in the long term. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of metabolites determined by means of 1H HR MAS NMR in intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Pacholczyk-Sienicka Barbara , Radek Maciej , Radek Andrzej , Jankowski Stefan 
Published: August 2014

AbstractObjectThe objective of this study is the identification of metabolites by means of1H high resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (1H HR MAS NMR) spectroscopy and the evaluation of their applicability in distinguishing between healthy and degenerated disc tissues.Materials and methodsDifferences between the metabolic profiles of healthy and degenerated disc tissues were studied by means of1H HR MAS NMR. Analysis was performed for 81 disc tissue samples (control samplesn = 21, degenerated disc tissue samplesn = 60). Twenty six metabolites (amino acids, carbohydrates, and alcohols) were identified and quantified.ResultsThe results indicate that the metabolic profile of degenerated discs is characterized by the presence of 2-propanol and the absence ofscyllo-inositol and taurine. The concentrations of 2-propanol and lactate increase with age.ConclusionPCA analysis of ex vivo1H HR MAS NMR data revealed the occurrence of two groups: healthy and degenerative disc tissues. The effects of insufficient nutrient supply of discs, leading to their degeneration and back pain, are discussed.
Vegetation factors influencing the establishment and growth of the endangered Japanese orchid, Cypripedium macranthos var. rebunense
Authors: Kosaka Noriko , Kawahara Takayuki , Takahashi Hideki 
Published: August 2014

AbstractCypripedium macranthos var. rebunense is a well‐known endangered terrestrial orchid that is endemic to the cool‐temperate Rebun Island off the coast of northwestern Hokkaido, Japan. The present study aimed to identify suitable methods for conservation of this orchid through management of the natural vegetation. We analyzed the vegetation types and plants growing sympatrically with this orchid using two‐way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) and detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) ordination. Reproductive orchids can survive in various broad‐leaved and short to medium‐height herbaceous meadows with high plant species richness at a small scale in coastal regions. In order to maintain C. macranthos var. rebunense populations, succession to dense and tall large‐leaved herbs, Sasa scrub, shrubs, and trees, should be suppressed. Favorable vegetation for the establishment of seedlings of this orchid includes narrow‐leaved, medium‐sized grasses, sedges, herbs, mosses, and prostrate mat‐forming shrubs. The ground cover offered by these plants and their litter may favor stability of moisture, temperature, and suitable light conditions at the ground surface. In situ seed sowing at such ‘safe sites’ is a potential low‐impact technique to enhance seedling recruitment of this orchid.
Fatty Acid Profiles of Commercially Available Finfish Fillets in the United States
Authors: Cladis Dennis P. , Kleiner Alison C. , Freiser Helene H. , Santerre Charles R. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractFillets of 76 finfish species (293 composites of three fish) were obtained from commercial seafood vendors in six regions of the United States (i.e., Great Lakes, Mid‐Atlantic, New England, Northwest, Southeast, and Southwest). Full fatty acid profiles were determined for each species and are presented here. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been associated with many health benefits. Thus, fillets of each species were compared for total EPA plus DHA content, which ranged from 17 mg/100 g (pangasius/swai) to 2430 mg/100 g (Chilean sea bass). Of the top ten most popularly consumed seafoods in the US, finfish, including salmon species (717–1533 mg/100 g), Alaskan pollock (236 mg/100 g), tilapia (76 mg/100 g), channel catfish (44 mg/100 g), Atlantic cod (253 mg/100 g), and pangasius/swai (17 mg/100 g), exhibited a wide concentration range of EPA plus DHA. Large variances were found within many of the farmed species analyzed, which likely stems from dietary differences in the farm‐fed diet. The results of this study provide current information on a broad range of species and will help nutritionists and the public make informed decisions regarding seafood consumption.