bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empagliflozin mitigates methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity in male albino rats: insights on the crosstalk of AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway
Authors: Mishriki Amal Anwar , Khalifa Amira Karam , Ibrahim Dina Anwar , Hashem Ghada Mohamed Abdel Zaher , Rashed Laila Ahmed , Abdelrahman Sahar Samir , Mahmoud Hesham M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The anti-diabetic drug, empagliflozin (EMPA), has many pleiotropic actions and is challenged recently to possess renoprotective properties. This renoprotective potential is proposed to be mediated via the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathways. This research investigated the renoprotective potential and the mechanistic pathway of EMPA against methotrexate (MTX)-induced nephrotoxicity and evaluated the role of AMPK by utilizing an AMPK inhibitor, dorsomorphin (Dorso).

Methods
Thirty male Wistar rats, weighing 180–200 g, were divided equally into five groups. Group I represented the control group. Nephrotoxicity was induced in the remaining rats through the administration of a single intraperitoneal injection of MTX (20 mg/kg). Rats were then randomly assigned to: Group 2 (received MTX injection only); Group 3 (received MTX and EMPA 30 mg/kg/day); Group 4 (received MTX and Dorso 0.2 mg/kg/day), Group 5 (received MTX, Dorso, EMPA). After one week, blood samples were collected, the rats were euthanized, and renal tissues were harvested for biochemical and histomorphometric assessments.

Results
MTX produced a significant rise in serum creatinine and tissue MDA levels; an increase in BAX, p53, cytochrome-c expression; a reduction in Bcl2 level; and disruption of renal microarchitecture. In contrast, EMPA therapy in group 3, resulted in a significant improvement of all these parameters, correlated with significant increase in AMPK phosphorylation and Nrf2 expression. Importantly, the co-administration of Dorso, in group 5, prevented EMPA’s beneficial effects.

Conclusion
EMPA has a potential protective effect against MTX-induced toxicity through the activation of the AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Impact of septal deviation and turbinate hypertrophy on nasal airway obstruction: insights from imaging and the NOSE scale: a retrospective study
Authors: Dikici Oğuzhan , Durgut Osman 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of nasal septum deviation and inferior turbinate hypertrophy on nasal obstruction by utilizing the Nose Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) values and paranasal sinus computed tomography (PSCT) findings for correct preoperative evaluation.

Methods
Ninety-six patients (57 males and 39 females) aged between 18 and 54 years (mean age, 30.3 ± 9.7 years) participated in this study. Among them, 56 patients underwent septoplasty combined with inferior turbinate outfracture, while 40 patients underwent septoplasty alone. Preoperative nasal examinations were performed on all patients. The direction, location, nasal septum deviation classification, and inferior turbinate hypertrophy size classification were carefully evaluated and compared with the NOSE survey results. PSCT of 56 patients were evaluated and classified by calculating the coronal location of septum deviation, the axial location of septum deviation, the coronal angle of septum deviation, and the axial angle of septum deviation.

Results
A positive correlation was found between the coronal location of the septal deviation and the preoperative NOSE 2, and the NOSE total, and the difference of postoperative and preoperative NOSE (p = 0.032, p = 0.007, p = 0.021, respectively). There was a statistically significant relationship between the coronal location of the septal deviation classification and the NOSE preoperative total values (p = 0.26). A negative statistically significant correlation was found between inferior turbinate hypertrophy and preoperative NOSE 5 values (p = 0.029).

Conclusion
We conclude that the combination of PSCT and the NOSE scale is helpful in determining the severity of nasal obstruction prior to surgery. Specifically, we found that nasal septum deviations located in the anterior and coronal planes have a greater impact on nasal obstruction compared to deviations in the axial plane. Inferior turbinate fracture does not provide more benefit than septoplasty alone in treating patients’ nasal obstruction. These findings emphasize the importance of a comprehensive approach in addressing nasal obstruction for optimal patient outcomes.
Borderline personality disorder: part 2 – psychiatric management
Authors: Ratnam Ashutosh , Garland Jacqueline , Miller Stephen 
Published: July 2024

SUMMARY
The large volume of seemingly conflicting guidance on the management of borderline personality disorder (BPD), combined with the ongoing shortage of specialised resources, can make the task feel like an exclusive undertaking that the general psychiatrist is underprepared for. In this article, we distil current evidence to submit that sound psychiatric management principles used to treat all serious and enduring mental disorders (diagnostics, comorbidity management, rational pharmacotherapy and dynamic risk management) are readily applicable and particularly therapeutic for BPD. We offer actionable practice guidance that we hope will render the clinical management experience a more lucid and rewarding one for both practitioner and patient.
Do we need a more individualised approach to the management of comorbid depression and diabetes?
Authors: Moodley Surina , Pavlou Panagiotis 
Published: July 2024

SUMMARYDiabetes and depression have a bidirectional relationship, but some antidepressants (such as the tricyclics) may have detrimental effects in diabetes that are exacerbated by behavioural changes associated with depression. This month's Cochrane Review evaluated the efficacy of psychological and pharmacological treatments of comorbid depression in diabetes and found that such interventions have a moderate and clinically significant effect on depression outcomes in people with diabetes. However, conclusions were limited by significant heterogeneity within examined populations and interventions, and significant risk of bias within trials. This commentary critically appraises the review and aims to contextualise its findings.
Distributionally Robust Newsvendor Under Stochastic Dominance with a Feature-Based Application
Authors: Fu Mingyang , Li Xiaobo , Zhang Lianmin 
Published: July 2024

Problem definition: In this paper, we study the newsvendor problem under some distributional ambiguity sets and explore their relations. Additionally, we explore the benefits of implementing this robust solution in the feature-based newsvendor problem. Methodology and results: We propose a new type of discrepancy-based ambiguity set, the JW ambiguity set, and analyze it within the framework of first-order stochastic dominance. We show that the distributionally robust optimization (DRO) problem with this ambiguity set admits a closed-form solution for the newsvendor loss. This result also implies that the newsvendor problem under the well-known infinity-Wasserstein ambiguity set and Lévy ball ambiguity set admit closed-form inventory levels as a by-product. In the application of feature-based newsvendor, we adopt general kernel methods to estimate the conditional demand distribution and apply our proposed DRO solutions to account for the estimation error. Managerial implications: The closed-form solutions enable an efficient computation of optimal inventory levels. In addition, we explore the property of optimal robust inventory levels with respect to the nonrobust version via concepts of perceived critical ratio and mean repulsion. The results of numerical experiments and the case study indicate that the proposed model outperforms other state-of-the-art approaches, particularly in environments where demand is influenced by covariates and difficult to estimate. Funding: X. Li is supported by the Singapore Ministry of Education [Tier 1 Grant 23-0619-P0001, 24-0500-A0001] and National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72331004]. L. Zhang is partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72171156 and 72231002] and the Hong Kong Research Grants Council [Grant 16212419]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.0159 .
“Actually, even me I wouldn’t think that it is there” exploring the knowledge and attitudes of health professionals towards autism spectrum disorders in Uganda
Authors: Kasujja Rosco , Kissa Barbara Yeko , Murphy Tara , Fleetwood-Meade Kirstie 
Published: July 2024

Globally, the prevalence of ASD is reported to be increasing requiring more health professionals to provide care. However, to-date, there is little research from Uganda. This study aimed to explore health professionals’ knowledge and attitudes in the identification, diagnosis, and management of ASD in children and adolescents in Uganda. A semi-structured interview guide was used to collect data from 20 health professionals working with children and adolescents in three regional hospitals in Uganda. The data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Perceptions and understanding by health professionals about ASD were captured as three themes: competence of health professionals in identifying and managing ASD; constraints to the identification and management of ASD; and, optimism. Findings suggest there are challenges in the identification and management of ASD, which results in the low detection of ASD in Uganda. Delivery of education to the wider community and health professional training is recommended.

Key practitioner message
Detection and identification of ASD in children and young people is limited in Uganda.
Health professionals in Uganda experience challenges that impact on their ability to appropriately diagnose and support individuals with ASD.
Lack of knowledge has been cited as a factor in the caregivers’ health seeking behavior.
The low numbers of caregivers seeking help for the children with ASD from the health centers implies that some community members still have faith in the medical field.
The sensitization of both professionals and community about the treatment and available services was recommended as a powerful tool in improving health-seeking behavior
Social media – Boon or Bane?
Authors: Burooj Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction and aims
This literature review examines the complex relationship between social media usage and its subsequent health sequelae while shedding light on fields of research that require further investigation in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

Materials and methods
Indexing services (SCOPUS and PUBMED) were used to identify pertinent studies, prioritising original research, review articles, and meta-analyses from 2018 to 2024. Papers not published in English (or where full-text translation was not available), research conducted solely on non-human populations, and proposal and opinion papers were excluded. Papers from before 2018 and those that observed an effect in a sample size of 50 participants or less were also omitted. The author then conducted a thorough evaluation of each study to ensure relevance and significance. After deduplication of results and implementation of the exclusion criterion, a total of 50 papers were shortlisted for this review. The keywords used for this literature search were “social media,” “internet usage,” “health,” “depression,” “cyberbullying,” “addiction,” and “misinformation.”

Results
The findings reveal a complex interplay between social media usage and psychosocial well-being. Social media facilitates global connectivity but correlates with depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation, especially among adolescents. Cyberbullying, anonymity-driven, escalates mental health risks. Social media usage links with addictive behaviours, substance abuse, misinformation propagation, and racial discrimination, exacerbating public health crises.

Conclusion
Longitudinal studies are crucial to understand causal relationships and develop targeted interventions. Collaboration among stakeholders is imperative to promote responsible social media usage and protect public health in the digital age.
A new manuscript witness of the poem
Altus Prosator
in the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek (Clm 18609): Analysis of the poem’s manuscript transmission and transcription of its text as found in Clm 18609
Authors: De Maeyer Nicolas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Altus Prosator is a Hiberno-Latin hymn of twenty-three stanzas which is often attributed to St. Columba of Iona. Until now, eight manuscripts of the poem have been known. This article presents a newly discovered manuscript of Altus Prosator (München, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Clm 18609): it provides the first detailed description of the contents of the manuscript, an analysis of the poem’s manuscript transmission (and particularly its association with Pomerius’ De uita contemplatiua), and a discussion of Hrabanus Maurus’ knowledge of the poem. At the end of the article a transcription of the text of the poem as found in the newly discovered manuscript is offered.
АВТОМАТИЗОВАНІ СИСТЕМИ КЕРУВАННЯ ВИРОБНИЦТВА ВІСЕСИМЕТРИЧНИХ ВИРОБІВ З КОМПОЗИЦІЙНИХ МАТЕРІАЛІВ
Authors: Myhovych Y.S. , Klymenko S.V. 
Published: July 2024

У роботі розглянуто особливості виробництва виробів з композитних матеріалів методом намотування, наведено опис існуючих методів намотування. Представлено два основних методи намотування: філативне та точкове. Представлені особливості використання методів намотування, що використовуються на виробництві. Визначено, що філативне намотування використовується для створення циліндричних та конічних оболонок з композитних матеріалів шляхом намотування волокон на форму за допомогою рухливої голови. Особливість цього методу включають можливість намотування на різні форми, регульовану швидкість руху валків та потребу у використанні спеціалізованих верстатів. Точкове намотування, використовується для виготовлення оболонок з композитних матеріалів за допомогою стрічок матеріалу. Він дозволяє створювати шари з стрічок, що обгортають поверхню форми, формуючи композитні вироби. Основні особливості цього методу включають можливість використання подвійного намотування для підвищення міцності та ефективності процесу виготовлення виробів з композиційних матеріалів.Найбільш важливу роль у виробництві вісесиметричних виробів з композиційних матеріалів відіграє точна подача волокон та смоли, що досягається за допомогою автоматичних систем подачі волокон і систем дозування смоли. Проведено аналіз сучасних автоматизованих систем керування, що використовуються для оптимізації процесу намотування. Визначено, що автоматизовані системи керування включають в себе числове програмування, що дозволяє підвищити рівень керування процесом виготовлення, а також застосовується високоточне сенсорне обладнання для моніторингу та контролю якості виробів, що в свою чергу забезпечує можливість детального аналізу різних параметрів виробів, таких як розмір, форма, текстура тощо. Запропоновані основні аспекти щодовиготовлення вісесиметричних виробів з композитних матеріалів методом намотування, з урахуванням температурного балансу та тиску. Також застосування автоматизованих систем керування у процессі виробництва вісесиметричних виробів з композитних матеріалів дозволить оптимізувати дозування смол або інших біндерів, що в свою чергу підвищить якість та стійкість виробу.
Multifiller carbon nanotube, graphene, and carbon black composite filaments: A path to versatile electromaterials
Authors: Lepak-Kuc Sandra , Nowicki Łukasz , Lekawa-Raus Agnieszka , Jakubowska Malgorzata 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Addressing the growing demand for conductive and flexible composites, this research focuses on producing thermoplastic composite fibers made of polyurethane and carbon nanomaterials featuring the highest possible electrical conductivity. Based on a recently developed methodology enabling the formation of very high filler contents of 40% w/w, this work presents a systematic investigation of the role of all the materials used during the manufacturing process and selects the materials that ensure the best electrical performance. The results show that the highest electrical conductivity and current-carrying capacities are obtained when dimethylformamide is used as a solvent, and small amounts of AKM surfactant aid the de-agglomeration of carbon nanomaterials. It is also shown that the hybridization of MWCNTs filler with graphene nanoplatelets and small amounts of carbon black is beneficial for the electrical properties. However, the highest performance is achieved with SWCNTs as fillers, exhibiting two orders of magnitude higher electrical conductivities of 6.17 × 104 S/m.

Impact statement
The article presents a pioneering exploration into the synthesis and application of a novel composite material. This research significantly impacts the field of electromaterials by introducing a cutting-edge approach that leverages the synergistic properties of carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbon black within a single filament. The impact of this research extends beyond the laboratory, influencing the development of next-generation materials that bridge the gap between conventional materials and advanced nanomaterials. The presented composite filaments open avenues for the creation of innovative devices and systems that demand good mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, and thermal stability. Moreover, the versatility of these filaments allows for the optimization of materials properties, enabling customization based on specific application requirements. In addition to its technological significance, the paper contributes to sustainability efforts by facilitating the production of lightweight, energy-efficient materials. The insights provided by this research have the potential to reshape the landscape of materials science, inspiring further exploration and innovation in the quest for versatile and high-performance electromaterials.

Graphical abstract
Implementation of National Morals in Islamic Boarding Schools to Strengthen Religious Identity and Superior Character
Authors: Anwar Cecep , Sobandi Oban , Ihsan Mahlil Nurul , Maliki Sabila Nur 
Published: July 2024

Pesantren has an important role in fostering the morals of the nation by strengthening religious identity and building superior character. In the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, which is dominated by digitalization and technological developments, moral challenges are increasingly urgent in building an ethical society. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of pesantren in fostering the nation's morals in this digital era. This research is included in library research, which is descriptive qualitative in nature. The results show that pesantren provide in-depth religious education to students, strengthen their religious identity, and teach strong moral values. In addition, pesantren also build superior character through a holistic education approach. They encourage the development of positive attitudes such as discipline, responsibility, honesty, hard work, and helping. Pesantren also provide leadership and social skills training to santri. This research resulted in an in-depth understanding of the strategic role of pesantren in fostering the nation's morals. The development of the nation's morals through pesantren contributes to creating a young generation that is technologically savvy, has integrity, and is able to contribute positively in building a civilized society. Pesantren memiliki peran penting dalam membina akhlak bangsa dengan memperkuat identitas keagamaan dan membangun karakter unggul. Dalam era Revolusi Industri 4.0 yang didominasi oleh digitalisasi dan perkembangan teknologi, tantangan moral semakin mendesak dalam membangun masyarakat yang beretika. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji peran pesantren dalam pembinaan akhlak bangsa di era digital ini. Penelitian ini termasuk ke dalam penelitian kepustakaan (library research), yang bersifat kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pesantren memberikan pendidikan agama yang mendalam kepada santri, memperkuat identitas keagamaan mereka, dan mengajarkan nilai-nilai moral yang kuat. Selain itu, pesantren juga membangun karakter unggul melalui pendekatan pendidikan holistik. Mereka mendorong pengembangan sikap positif seperti kedisiplinan, tanggung jawab, kejujuran, kerja keras, dan tolong-menolong. Pesantren juga memberikan pelatihan kepemimpinan dan keterampilan sosial kepada santri. Penelitian ini menghasilkan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang peran strategis pesantren dalam membina akhlak bangsa. Pembinaan akhlak bangsa melalui pesantren berkontribusi dalam menciptakan generasi muda yang cerdas teknologi, berintegritas, dan mampu berkontribusi positif dalam membangun masyarakat yang beradab.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Aplikasi Canva Sebagai Edukasi Mitigasi Bencana Tanah Longsor Pada AUD
Authors: Solehah Rena Aprilia , Anggarasari Nandhini Hudha , Fatwa Kh Elfan Fanhas 
Published: July 2024

This study aims to find out how to develop media based on the Canva application as education on landslide disaster mitigation for group C PAUD children or equivalent to children aged 5-6 years, as well as to find out the response of teachers and children to the development of learning media based on the Canva application. The research method used is Research and Development (RD) based on the ADDIE research and development model. The products made were validated by 6 experts who were competent in their fields including 2 material experts, 2 media experts and 2 disaster experts. Validation was carried out several stages where at stage 1 the material expert obtained a cumulative average score of 82.75% but needed a little improvement from the educational aspect. After repairing and carrying out stage 2 validation, a cumulative average score of 97.75% was obtained so that there was no revision of the media. The cumulative average score of stage 1 validation by media experts was 93.25% but slightly revised, the stage 2 validation obtained a score of 96.25%. Disaster experts at stage 1 provide an assessment with a cumulative average score of 82.75% with a few suggestions that must be improved. After the revision is complete, stage 2 validation is carried out with a score of 95.25% with very good criteria. The results of the trial through 3 stages to the children obtained a cumulative average score of 0.98 with the criteria of being feasible.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengembangan media berbasis aplikasi canva sebagai edukasi mitigasi bencana tanah longsor untuk anak PAUD kelompok C atau setara dengan anak usia 5-6 tahun, serta untuk mengatahui respon guru dan anak terhadap pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis aplikasi canva. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (RD) berdasarkan model penelitian dan pengembangan ADDIE. Prodak yang dibuat divalidasi oleh 6 ahli yang kompeten dibidangnya diantaranya yaitu 2 orang ahli materi, 2 orang ahli media dan 2 orang ahli bencana. Validasi dilakukan beberapa kali tahapan dimana pada tahap 1 oleh ahli materi diperoleh skor rata-rata komulatif sebesar 82,75% dengan tetapi sedikit perlu perbaikan dari aspek edukatif. Setelah perbaikan dan melaksanakan validasi tahap 2 memperoleh skor rata-rata komulatif 97,75% sehingga tidak ada revisi ulang terhadap media. Skor rata-rata komulatif validasi tahap 1 oleh ahli media sebesar 93,25% akan tetapi sedikit revisi, pada validasi tahap 2 memperoleh skor 96,25%. Ahli bencana pada tahap 1 memberikan penilaian dengan skor rata-rata komulatif 82,75% dengan sedikit saran yang harus diperbaiki, setelah selsai revisi dilakukan validasi tahap 2 memperoleh skor 95,25% dengan kriteria sangat baik. Hasil ujicoba melalui 3 tahap kepada anak-anak memperoleh skor rata-rata komulatif 0,98 dengan kriteria layak.