bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Prospective Observational Analysis of Ambulation After Motor Vehicle Collisions
Authors: Merlin Mark A. , Ciccosanti Colleen , Saybolt Matthew D. , Bockoff Olivia , Mazzei Michael , Shiroff Adam 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectivesPredicting injury patterns of patients based only on mechanism of injury is difficult and is well described in the literature. Characteristics of patients on-scene immediately following injury(ies) may lead to predicting injury patterns. Although reported frequently, the significance of victim ambulation after a motor vehicle crash is poorly understood. It was hypothesized that ambulation at the scene is not predictive of injury severity following a motor vehicle crash (MVC).MethodsA prospective, cohort study of 117 consecutive injured patients who were ambulatory after MVCs were enrolled. Paramedics in a large urban Emergency Medical Services (EMS) system were mandated to document “ambulatory” or “nonambulatory” for motor vehicle collisions in order to complete their prehospital electronic medical records. This assured accuracy and completeness in the data collection. All charts were abstracted for trauma-induced injury and imaging results.ResultsA total of 608 (10.9%) persons were ambulatory at the scene, of which 284 had an injury pattern documented in the prehospital or emergency department record. The average age was 35.9 (SD = 16.8) years, and 158 (55.6%) were male. A total of 707 injuries were identified in the 284 patients who had sustained injuries.ConclusionsAmbulation after motor vehicle collisions appears to be only infrequently associated with major injuries, although this population still may present with significant injuries. A larger, prospective study is warranted.MerlinMA, CiccosantiC, SayboltMD, BockoffO, MazzeiM, ShiroffA. A prospective observational analysis of ambulation after motor vehicle collisions. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2013;28(1):1-3.
Voicing Nature in John Luther Adams's The Place Where You Go to Listen
Authors: Kinnear Tyler 
Published: November 2012

John Luther Adams's The Place Where You Go to Listen (2006), a permanent sound-and-light installation at the Museum of the North in Fairbanks, Alaska, resonates strongly with the geography and ecology of the composer's place of residence. The audiovisual experience is generated through a computer programme that translates real-time data streams from geophysical events into sound and colour signals. The Place functions as an artistic mirror, absorbing data from natural phenomena and reflecting it back to the listener in a deliberately allusive way. As a result, those present are invited to raise their awareness to the ‘unheard vibrations’ of the natural world.Upon entering the installation, the listener perceives an ongoing, harmonically dense hum. Through immersion, he or she notices change in both the location from which sounds project and the properties of audio and visual signals. Drawing on information theory, this article investigates the process whereby Adams renders scientific data into an audiovisual presentation as well as the role the composer and audience play in attributing meaning to this environmentally driven work. By examining the communicative layers of the installation and exploring the perceptual tendencies of the listener, we can better understand how The Place raises environmental awareness.
Perception of front-of-pack labels according to social characteristics, nutritional knowledge and food purchasing habits
Authors: Méjean Caroline , Macouillard Pauline , Péneau Sandrine , Hercberg Serge , Castetbon Katia 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo identify patterns of perception of front-of-pack (FOP) nutrition labels and to determine social factors, nutritional knowledge and attention to packaging features related to such patterns.DesignCross-sectional. Perception was measured using indicators of understanding and acceptability of three simple FOP labels (the ‘Green Tick’, the logo of the French Nutrition and Health Programme (PNNS logo) and ‘simple traffic lights’ (STL)) and two detailed formats (‘multiple traffic lights’ (MTL) and the ‘colour range’ logo (CR)). Associations of perception patterns with individual characteristics were examined using χ2 tests.SettingData from the French NutriNet-Santé cohort study.SubjectsA total of 38 763 adults.ResultsFour perception patterns emerged. Poorly educated individuals were most often found in groups favouring simple formats. The ‘favourable to CR’ group had a high rate of men and older persons. Poor nutritional knowledge was more frequent in the ‘favourable to STL’ group, while individuals with substantial knowledge were proportionally more numerous in the ‘favourable to MTL’ group. The ‘favourable to STL’ group more frequently self-reported noting price and marketing characteristics during purchasing, while the ‘favourable to MTL’ and ‘favourable to CR’ groups declared more interest in nutritional information. The ‘favourable to Green Tick and PNNS logo’ group self-reported paying closer attention to claims and quality guarantee labels.ConclusionsThe ‘favourable to MTL’ cluster was most frequently represented in our survey. However, simple FOP formats may be most appropriate for increasing awareness of healthy eating among targeted groups with poor nutritional knowledge and little interest in the nutritional quality of packaged foods.
Assessment of the dining environment on and near the campuses of fifteen post-secondary institutions
Authors: Horacek Tanya M , Erdman Maria B , Byrd-Bredbenner Carol , Carey Gale , Colby Sarah M , Greene Geoffrey W , Guo Wen , Kattelmann Kendra K , Olfert Melissa , Walsh Jennifer , White Adrienne B 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveThe present study evaluated the restaurant and dining venues on and near post-secondary campuses varying in institution size.DesignThe Nutrition Environment Measures Survey for Restaurants (NEMS-R) was modified to evaluate restaurants as fast food, sit down and fast casual; and campus dining venues as dining halls, student unions and snack bar/cafés. ANOVA withpost hocTukey'sBandTtests were used to distinguish differences between dining venues and associated institutions by size.SettingThe study was conducted at fifteen US post-secondary institutions, 2009–2011.SubjectsData presented are from a sample of 175 restaurants and sixty-eight on-campus dining venues.ResultsThere were minimal differences in dining halls by institution size, although medium-sized institutions as compared with small-sized institutions offered significantly more healthful side dish/salad bar items. Dining halls scored significantly higher than student unions or snack bar/cafés on healthful entrées, side dish/salad bar and beverages offerings, but they also had the most barriers to healthful dietary habits (i.e. all-you-can-eat). No differences were found by restaurant type for NEMS-R scores for total restaurant dining environment or healthful entrées and barriers. Snack bars had more healthful side dishes (P= 0·002) and fast-food restaurants had the highest level of facilitators (i.e. nutrition information;P= 0·002).ConclusionsBased on this evaluation in fifteen institutions, the full campus dining environment provides limited support for healthy eating and obesity prevention. The quality of campus dining environments can be improved via healthful offerings, providing nutrition information and other supports to facilitate healthy eating and prevent unwanted weight gain.
ON THE EQUATION f(g(x))=f(x)hm(x) FOR COMPOSITE POLYNOMIALS
Authors: GANGULI HIMADRI , JANKAUSKAS JONAS 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn this paper we solve the equation f(g(x))=f(x)hm(x) where f(x), g(x) and h(x) are unknown polynomials with coefficients in an arbitrary field K, f(x) is nonconstant and separable, deg g≥2, the polynomial g(x) has nonzero derivative g′(x)≠0 in K[x] and the integer m≥2 is not divisible by the characteristic of the field K. We prove that this equation has no solutions if deg f≥3 . If deg f=2 , we prove that m=2 and give all solutions explicitly in terms of Chebyshev polynomials. The Diophantine applications for such polynomials f(x) , g(x) , h(x) with coefficients in ℚ or ℤ are considered in the context of the conjecture of Cassaigne et al. on the values of Liouville’s λ function at points f(r) , r∈ℚ.
Pharmacological insights into the role of P2X4 receptors in behavioural regulation: lessons from ivermectin
Authors: Bortolato Marco , Yardley Megan M. , Khoja Sheraz , Godar Sean C. , Asatryan Liana , Finn Deborah A. , Alkana Ronald L. , Louie Stan G. , Davies Daryl L. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Purinergic ionotropic P2X receptors are a family of cation-permeable channels that bind extracellular adenosine 5′-triphosphate. In particular, convergent lines of evidence have recently highlighted P2X4 receptors as a potentially critical target in the regulation of multiple nervous and behavioural functions, including pain, neuroendocrine regulation and hippocampal plasticity. Nevertheless, the role of the P2X4 receptor in behavioural organization remains poorly investigated. To study the effects of P2X4 activation, we tested the acute effects of its potent positive allosteric modulator ivermectin (IVM, 2.5–10 mg/kg i.p.) on a broad set of paradigms capturing complementary aspects of perceptual, emotional and cognitive regulation in mice. In a novel open field, IVM did not induce significant changes in locomotor activity, but increased the time spent in the peripheral zone. In contrast, IVM produced anxiolytic-like effects in the elevated plus maze and marble burying tasks, as well as depression-like behaviours in the tail-suspension and forced swim tests. The agent induced no significant behavioural changes in the conditioned place preference test and in the novel object recognition task. Finally, the drug induced a dose-dependent decrease in sensorimotor gating, as assessed by pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle reflex. In P2X4 knockout mice, the effects of IVM in the open field and elevated plus maze were similar to those observed in wild type mice; conversely, the drug significantly increased startle amplitude and failed to reduce PPI. Taken together, these results suggest that P2X4 receptors may play a role in the regulation of sensorimotor gating.
Gale crater: the Mars Science Laboratory/Curiosity Rover Landing Site
Authors: Wray James J. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractGale crater formed from an impact on Mars ∼3.6 billion years ago. It hosts a central mound nearly 100 km wide and ∼5 km high, consisting of layered rocks with a variety of textures and spectral properties. The oldest exposed layers contain variably hydrated sulphates and smectite clay minerals, implying an aqueous origin, whereas the younger layers higher on the mound are covered by a mantle of dust. Fluvial channels carved into the crater walls and the lower mound indicate that surface liquids were present during and after deposition of the mound material. Numerous hypotheses have been advocated for the origin of some or all minerals and layers in the mound, ranging from deep lakes to playas to mostly dry dune fields to airfall dust or ash subjected to only minor alteration driven by snowmelt. The complexity of the mound suggests that multiple depositional and diagenetic processes are represented in the materials exposed today. Beginning in August 2012, the Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity will explore Gale crater by ascending the mound's northwestern flank, providing unprecedented new detail on the evolution of environmental conditions and habitability over many millions of years during which the mound strata accumulated.
Attitudes, beliefs and perceptions regarding truth disclosure of cancer-related information in the Middle East: A review
Authors: Khalil Rami Bou 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe aim of this review is to evaluate the current status concerning attitudes, beliefs and/or practices of patients, family members, health professionals and/or caregivers regarding truth disclosure about a cancer diagnosis in the Greater Middle East countries. A search was done via MedLine for all publications related to this review objective. 55 publications were included emanating from Egypt, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Palestine Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and United Arab Emirates. In the Greater Middle East region, a diagnosis of cancer is still mixed with social stigma and misperceptions related to incurability. Physicians conserve a truth disclosure policy in which from one side they respect some of the historical and cultural misperceptions about cancer and accordingly, tell the truth about cancer to one of the family members and from another side acknowledge the patients' right to know the truth and tend to disclose it for him(or her) when possible. Family members and caregivers' attitudes, perceptions and beliefs about telling the truth to the patient seem to be in favor of concealment. Discrepant results concerning physicians' and patients' evaluation of the quality of truth disclosure exist in the literature. Education programs in breaking bad news are lacking in many countries. Finally, the most important and common problem affecting truth disclosure to a patient suffering from cancer is the lack of codes and legislations concerning the patients' rights in an informed consent. Studies, legislations and training programs are needed in this domain in Middle Eastern societies.
Geomagnetic jerks as chaotic fluctuations of the Earth's magnetic field
Authors: Qamili E. , De Santis A. , Isac A. , Mandea M. , Duka B. , Simonyan A. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe geomagnetic field is chaotic and can be characterized by a mean exponential time scale < τ > after which it is no longer predictable. It is also ergodic, so time analyses can substitute the more difficult phase space analyses. Taking advantage of these two properties of the Earth's magnetic field, a scheme of processing global geomagnetic models in time is presented, to estimate fluctuations of the time scale τ. Here considering that the capability to predict the geomagnetic field is reduced over periods of geomagnetic jerks, we propose a method to detect these events over a long time span. This approach considers that epochs characterized by relative minima of fluctuations in time scale τ, i.e., those periods when a geomagnetic field is less predictable, are possible jerk occurrence dates. We analyze the last 400 years of the geomagnetic field (covered by the Gufm1 model) to detect minima of fluctuations, i.e., epochs characterized by low values of the time scale. Most of the well known jerks are confirmed through this method and a few others have been suggested. Finally, we also identify some short periods when the field is less chaotic (more predictable) than usual, naming these periods assteady state geomagnetic regime, to underline their opposite behavior with respect to jerks.
First estimates of the contribution of CaCO3precipitation to the release of CO2to the atmosphere during young sea ice growth
Authors: Geilfus N.‐X. , Carnat G. , Dieckmann G. S. , Halden N. , Nehrke G. , Papakyriakou T. , Tison J.‐L. , Delille B. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe report measurements of pH, total alkalinity, air‐ice CO2fluxes (chamber method), and CaCO3content of frost flowers (FF) and thin landfast sea ice. As the temperature decreases, concentration of solutes in the brine skim increases. Along this gradual concentration process, some salts reach their solubility threshold and start precipitating. The precipitation of ikaite (CaCO3.6H2O) was confirmed in the FF and throughout the ice by Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray analysis. The amount of ikaite precipitated was estimated to be 25 µmol kg−1melted FF, in the FF and is shown to decrease from 19 to 15 µmol kg−1melted ice in the upper part and at the bottom of the ice, respectively. CO2release due to precipitation of CaCO3is estimated to be 50 µmol kg−1melted samples. The dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) normalized to a salinity of 10 exhibits significant depletion in the upper layer of the ice and in the FF. This DIC loss is estimated to be 2069 µmol kg−1melted sample and corresponds to a CO2release from the ice to the atmosphere ranging from 20 to 40 mmol m−2 d−1. This estimate is consistent with flux measurements of air‐ice CO2exchange. Our measurements confirm previous laboratory findings that growing young sea ice acts as a source of CO2to the atmosphere. CaCO3precipitation during early ice growth appears to promote the release of CO2to the atmosphere; however, its contribution to the overall release by newly formed ice is most likely minor.
Suitability of temperature, hydraulic heads, and acesulfame to quantify wastewater‐related fluxes in the hyporheic and riparian zone
Authors: Engelhardt Irina , Prommer Henning , Moore Catherine , Schulz Manoj , Schüth Christoph , Ternes Thomas A. 
Published: November 2012

Key Points
Fate of acesulfame is assessed in a complex hyporheic zone setting
Its value as wastewater tracer is determined through data worth analysis
Recorded temperatures provided the most valuable constraints to quantify fluxes
Vitex rotundifolia L. prevented airway eosinophilic inflammation and airway remodeling in an ovalbumin-induced asthma mouse model
Authors: Bae Hyunsu , Kim Youngeun , Lee Euijeong , Park Soojin , Jung Kyung-Hwa , Gu Min-Jung , Hong Seon-Pyo , Kim Jinju 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Vitex rotundifolia L. (VR) as long been used in China and Korea in traditional medicine. This study was conducted to evaluate the ability of Vitex rotundifolia L. to prevent airway inflammation and remodeling in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced murine asthma model. The total cell number and number of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were counted. The levels of cytokines in the BAL fluid and serum IgE levels were measured using an ELISA. For histological analysis, hematoxylin and eosin staining, periodic acid-Schiff staining and immunohistochemistry were evaluated. The release of total cells into the BAL fluid was significantly inhibited in OVA-induced asthmatic mice treated with VR extract. In addition, eosinophilia and lymphocytosis were reduced significantly in mice that received VR extract. Furthermore, levels of the Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-5 and pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α in the BAL fluid and total IgE in serum were markedly suppressed by VR extract. OVA-specific IgE in the serum and IL-13 in the BAL fluid were decreased, but not significantly. The allergic effects of VR extract were accompanied by a reduction in airway hyperresponsiveness. Additionally, morphologic findings demonstrated that VR extract substantially inhibited OVA-induced eosinophilia, goblet cell hyperplasia and smooth muscle mass production. This finding suggests that VR extract may have pharmacological effects that would be useful for the treatment of asthma via the inhibition of the Th2 response and airway remodeling.
How graduate students perceive, use, and manage electronic resources
Authors: Wu Ming‐der , Chen Shih‐chuan 
Published: November 2012

PurposeThis study aims to investigate graduate student perceptions of electronic resources, their search behaviour, and their usage patterns.Design/methodology/approachInterviews were conducted in a research‐oriented university, and participants included 18 graduate students from three disciplines: humanities, social sciences, and science and technology.FindingsGraduate students are frequent users of electronic resources, particularly during the thesis‐writing period. Graduate students of science and technology perceive electronic resources to be considerably more important to their research and studies than students of other disciplines do. Few students use the metasearch tool to retrieve heterogeneous electronic resources in the library. Very few students use alert services to obtain updated information.Originality/valueThe findings of the study could help university librarians acquire an enhanced understanding of the usage behaviour of graduate students on electronic resources.
Web co‐word analysis for business intelligence in the Chinese environment
Authors: Vaughan Liwen , Yang Rongbin , Tang Juan 
Published: November 2012

PurposeThe study seeks to apply Web co‐word analysis to the Chinese business environment to test the feasibility of the method there.Design/methodology/approachThe authors selected a group of companies in two Chinese industries, collected co‐word data for the companies, analyzed the data with multidimensional scaling (MDS), and then compared the MDS maps generated from the co‐word data with business situations to find out if the co‐word method works.FindingsThe study found that the Web co‐word method could potentially be applied to the Chinese environment. The study also found the advantages and disadvantages of the Web co‐word method vs the Web co‐link method.Originality/valueKnowing the applicability of the Web co‐word method to the Chinese environment contributes to the knowledge of this new Webometrics method. Mining business information from the Web is more valuable when applied to a foreign country where language and culture barriers exist. To use the co‐word method, one does not have to be able to read or write in that language. One only needs to have the names of the companies to study, which can be easily obtained without knowledge of the language. The value of business information about countries such as China is obvious given the global nature of contemporary business competition and the significance of the Chinese economy to the world.
Cyclic analysis of thermal impedance of a passive layer of aluminium in a neutral borate buffer solution
Authors: Krakowiak Stefan , Darowicki Kazimierz , Jurak Kacper 
Published: November 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the passive layer on 1050A aluminium alloy in non‐stationary conditions of linearly raised and lowered temperatures by means of dynamic electrochemistry impedance spectroscopy (DEIS).Design/methodology/approachThe oxide passive layer on aluminium was examined using DEIS under non‐stationary conditions of linearly raised and lowered temperatures. In total, five heating‐cooling cycles were performed.FindingsA significant change of impedance was observed only during the first cycle, which was called the forming one. During the subsequent cycles, the impedance of the system changed in a reversible manner.Originality/valueThe analysis using a equivalent circuit allowed us to determine a change of electric parameters of the circuit in the temperature function. Obtained changes of the electric parameters were correlated with layer structure.