bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global endometrial transcriptomic profiling: transient immune activation precedes tissue proliferation and repair in healthy beef cows
Authors: Foley Cathriona , Chapwanya Aspinas , Creevey Christopher J , Narciandi Fernando , Morris Derek , Kenny Elaine M , Cormican Paul , Callanan John J , O’Farrelly Cliona , Meade Kieran G 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundAll cows experience bacterial contamination and tissue injury in the uterus postpartum, instigating a local inflammatory immune response. However mechanisms that control inflammation and achieve a physiologically functioning endometrium, while avoiding disease in the postpartum cow are not succinctly defined. This study aimed to identify novel candidate genes indicative of inflammation resolution during involution in healthy beef cows. Previous histological analysis of the endometrium revealed elevated inflammation 15 days postpartum (DPP) which was significantly decreased by 30 DPP. The current study generated a genome-wide transcriptomic profile of endometrial biopsies from these cows at both time points using mRNA-Seq. The pathway analysis tool GoSeq identified KEGG pathways enriched by significantly differentially expressed genes at both time points. Novel candidate genes associated with inflammatory resolution were subsequently validated in additional postpartum animals using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).ResultsmRNA-Seq revealed 1,107 significantly differentially expressed genes, 73 of which were increased 15 DPP and 1,034 were increased 30 DPP. Early postpartum, enriched immune pathways (adjustedP < 0.1) included the T cell receptor signalling pathway, graft-versus-host disease and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathways. However 30 DPP, where the majority of genes were differentially expressed, the enrichment (adjustedP < 0.1) of tissue repair and proliferative activity pathways was observed. Nineteen candidate genes selected from mRNA-Seq results, were independently assessed by qRT-PCR in additional postpartum cows (5 animals) at both time points.SAA1/2, GATA2, IGF1, SHC2,andSERPINA14genes were significantly elevated 30 DPP and are functionally associated with tissue repair and the restoration of uterine homeostasis postpartum.ConclusionsThe results of this study reveal an early activation of the immune response which undergoes a temporal functional change toward tissue proliferation and regeneration during endometrial involution in healthy postpartum cows. These molecular changes mirror the activation and resolution of endometrial inflammation during involution previously classified by the degree of neutrophil infiltration.SAA1/2, GATA2, IGF1, SHC2,andSERPINA14genes may become potential markers for resolution of endometrial inflammation in the postpartum cow.
Single cell analysis of Vibrio harveyi uncovers functional heterogeneity in response to quorum sensing signals
Authors: Anetzberger Claudia , Schell Ursula , Jung Kirsten 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundVibrio harveyiand closely related species are important pathogens in aquaculture. A complex quorum sensing cascade involving three autoinducers controls bioluminescence and several genes encoding virulence factors. Single cell analysis of aV. harveyipopulation has already indicated intercellular heterogeneity in the production of bioluminescence. This study was undertaken to analyze the expression of various autoinducer-dependent genes in individual cells.ResultsHere we used reporter strains bearing promoter::gfpfusions to monitor the induction/repression of three autoinducer-regulated genes in wild type conjugates at the single cell level. Two genes involved in pathogenesis -vhpandvscP, which code for an exoprotease and a component of the type III secretion system, respectively, andluxC(the first gene in theluxoperon) were chosen for analysis. Theluxoperon and the exoprotease gene are induced, whilevscPis repressed at high cell density. As controlsluxSandrecA,whose expression is not dependent on autoinducers, were examined. The responses of the promoter::gfpfusions in individual cells from the same culture ranged from no to high induction. Importantly, simultaneous analysis of two autoinducer induced phenotypes, bioluminescence (light detection) and exoproteolytic activity (fluorescence of a promoter::gfpfusion), in single cells provided evidence for functional heterogeneity within aV. harveyipopulation.ConclusionsAutoinducers are not only an indicator for cell density, but play a pivotal role in the coordination of physiological activities within the population.
Dietary correlates of an at-risk BMI among Inuit adults in the Canadian high arctic: cross-sectional international polar year Inuit health survey, 2007-2008
Authors: Zienczuk Natalia , Young T Kue , Cao Zhirong R , Egeland Grace M 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Background
The study’s objective was to investigate the dietary correlates of an at-risk body mass index (BMI) among Inuit adults from thirty-six communities across the Canadian Arctic using data from the cross-sectional International Polar Year Inuit Health Survey, conducted in 2007–2008.

Methods
The survey included assessments of 24-hr dietary recall, sociodemographics, physical activity, and anthropometry. Dietary characteristics of overweight and obesity were similar and therefore combined into one at- risk BMI category (≥25 kg/m2) for analyses. The relationship between an at-risk BMI and energy intake from macronutrients, high sugar drinks, high-fat foods, saturated fatty acids, and traditional foods were examined entering each dietary variable separately into a logistic regression model as an independent variable. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, region, kcalories, walking, smoking and alcohol consumption. Further multivariable models considered selected dietary variables together in one model.

Results
An at-risk BMI was present for 64% with a prevalence of overweight and obesity of 28% and 36%, respectively. Consumption of high-sugar drinks (>15.5% E) was significantly related with having an at-risk BMI (OR = 1.6; 95% CI 1.2; 2.2), whereas the % E from total carbohydrate evaluated as a continuous variable and as quartiles was inversely related to an at-risk BMI (P -trend < 0.05) in multivariable analyses. While % E from high-fat foods was positively related to an at-risk BMI, the findings were not significant in a model controlling for high-sugar drinks and % E from carbohydrates.

Conclusions
The prevalence of overweight and obesity is of public health concern among Inuit. The current findings highlight the obesogenic potential of high-sugar drink consumption in an ethnically distinct population undergoing rapid cultural changes and raises concerns regarding carbohydrate restricted diets. Health promotion programs aimed at preventing the development of an unhealthy body weight should focus on physical activity and the promotion of healthy diets with reduced intake of sugar drinks.
Strong innate immune response and cell death in chicken splenocytes infected with genotype VIId Newcastle disease virus
Authors: Hu Zenglei , Hu Jiao , Hu Shunlin , Liu Xiaowen , Wang Xiaoquan , Zhu Jie , Liu Xiufan 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Background
Genotype VIId Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates induce more severe damage to lymphoid tissues, especially to the spleen, when compared to virulent viruses of other genotypes. However, the biological basis of the unusual pathological changes remains largely unknown.

Methods
Virus replication, cytokine gene expression profile and cell death response in chicken splenocytes infected with two genotype VIId NDV strains (JS5/05 and JS3/05), genotype IX NDV strain F48E8 and genotype IV NDV strain Herts/33 were evaluated. Statistical significance of differences between experimental groups was determined using the Independent-Samples T test.

Results
JS5/05 and JS3/05 caused hyperinduction of type I interferons (IFNs) (IFN-α and -β) during detection period compared to F48E8 and Herts/33. JS5/05 increased expression level of IFN-γ gene at 6 h post-inoculation (pi) and JS3/05 initiated sustained activation of IFN-γ within 24 h pi, whereas transcriptional levels of IFN-γ remained unchanged at any of the time points during infection of F48E8 and Herts/33. In addition, compared to F48E8 and Herts/33, JS3/05 and JS5/05 significantly increased the amount of free nucleosomal DNA in splenocytes at 6 and 24 h pi respectively. Annexin-V and Proidium iodid (PI) double staining of infected cells showed that cell death induced by JS3/05 and JS5/05 was characterized by marked necrosis compared to F48E8 and Herts/33 at 24 h pi. These results indicate that genotype VIId NDV strains JS3/05 and JS5/05 elicited stronger innate immune and cell death responses in chicken splenocytes than F48E8 and Herts/33. JS5/05 replicated at a significantly higher efficiency in splenocytes than F48E8 and Herts/33. Early excessive cell death induced by JS3/05 infection partially impaired virus replication.

Conclusions
Viral dysregulaiton of host response may be relevant to the severe pathological manifestation in the spleen following genotype VIId NDV infection.
Sonographic cervical motion tenderness: A sign found in a patientÂ with pelvic inflammatory disease
Authors: Lewiss Resa E , Saul Turandot , Goldflam Katja 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
No single historical, physical, laboratory, or imaging finding is both sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Cervical motion tenderness (CMT), when present, is classically found on bimanual examination of the cervix and uterus. CMT is often associated with PID but can be present in other disease entities. We present a case report of a patient who was ultimately diagnosed with acute PID. The evaluating physician performed a trans-vaginal bedside ultrasound, and the operator appreciated ‘sonographic CMT’. In cases where the physical examination is equivocal or in patients where the exact location of tenderness is difficult to discern, performing a trans-vaginal bedside ultrasound examination can increase the physician's confidence that CMT is present as the cervix is being directly visualized as pressure is applied with the probe. Bedside ultrasound and specifically sonographic CMT may prove useful in diagnosing PID in patients with equivocal or unclear physical examination findings.
A recyclable PEG-crowned potassium tribromide [{K+PEG}·Br3−] for the synthesis of tetrabromobisphenol A
Authors: Verma Sanny , Jain Suman L , Sain Bir 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Polyethylene glycol-bound potassium tribromide [{K+PEG}·Br3
−] was found to be an efficient brominating agent for the bromination of bisphenol A to tetrabromobisphenol A of a very high purity in excellent yield. The brominating agent was easily prepared by reacting the PEG400 with KBr3 using the host-guest chemistry concept. The effect of various reaction parameters such as solvent, temperature, and concentration of brominating agent on the yield and purity of tetrabromobisphenol A was studied. The key advantages of the developed method are the use of inexpensive, non-volatile poly(ethylene)glycols, facile regeneration, and inbuilt recycling of generated HBr waste.
Performance of different screening methods for the determination of urinary glycosaminoclycans
Authors: Afyoncu Ebru , Yılmaz Gülsen , Yılmaz Fatma M. , Yücel Doğan 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Background: The study aim was to compare the performance of three different methods used for determining urinary glycosaminoglycans (GAG) levels in spot and 24-h urine samples.

Methods: Performance characteristics were studied for cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), and manual and automated dimethylmethylene blue (DMB) methods.

Results: For automated DMB method, within-run precisions were 9.10% and 1.98%, and between-day precisions were 13.0% and 5.81% in low- and high-urine pools, respectively. The method was linear up to 100 mg/L of GAG concentration. The detection limit of the method was 0.71 mg/L. Mean recovery was 95.7%.

Conclusions: The automated DMB method was found to give better performance characteristics than cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and manual DMB methods. It is a fast, cheap, simple and reliable method and can be applied in many diseases in which GAG is used as a screening test.
Theatre: A Neglected Site of Public History?
Authors: Dean David 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Although theatrical representations of the past have been examined by theatre and performance studies scholars, public historians have preferred to focus on historical re-enactments in living history sites, museums, or on film and television. This article argues that theatre is a compelling site for representing and understanding the past through a case study of one of the most performed plays in recent Canadian repertoire, Vern Theissen's Vimy. Drawing on a survey of audience members and the author's experiences as an academic historian working with a national theatre company, it proposes ways in which further study and practice can illuminate our understanding of the public and its pasts.
Circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 in Pregnancy and Infant Neuropsychological Development
Authors: Morales Eva , Guxens Mònica , Llop Sabrina , Rodríguez-Bernal Clara L. , Tardón Adonina , Riaño Isolina , Ibarluzea Jesús , Lertxundi Nerea , Espada Mercedes , Rodriguez Agueda , Sunyer Jordi 
Published: September 2012

OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] concentration in pregnancy is associated with neuropsychological development in infants.METHODS:The Spanish population-based cohort study INfancia y Medio Ambiente Project recruited pregnant women during the first trimester of pregnancy between November 2003 and February 2008. Completed data on 1820 mother-infant pairs were used. Maternal plasma 25(OH)D3 concentration was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography in pregnancy (mean 13.5±2.1 weeks of gestation). Offspring mental and psychomotor scores were assessed by trained psychologists at age 14 months (range, 11–23) by using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. β-Coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of mental and psychomotor scores associated with continuous or categorical concentrations of maternal plasma 25(OH)D3 were calculated by using linear regression analysis.RESULTS:The median plasma value of 25(OH)D3 in pregnancy was 29.6 ng/mL (interquartile range, 21.8–37.3). A positive linear relationship was found between circulating concentrations of maternal 25(OH)D3 concentrations in pregnancy and mental and psychomotor scores in the offspring. After adjustment for potential confounders, infants of mothers with 25(OH)D3 concentrations in pregnancy &gt;30 ng/mL showed higher mental score (β = 2.60; 95% CI 0.63–4.56) and higher psychomotor score (β = 2.32; 95% CI 0.36–4.28) in comparison with those of mothers with 25(OH)D3 concentrations &lt;20 ng/mL.CONCLUSIONS:Higher circulating concentration of maternal 25(OH)D3 in pregnancy was associated with improved mental and psychomotor development in infants.
Improving Heavy-Oil Well Economics with Hollow Microsphere Cementing Solutions: Case History
Authors: Carver Bob , Fitryansyah Yudy , Binyamin Agung KP 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Forecasts for world energy demand project significant growth in heavy oil, which constitutes a large resource base to exploit. Estimated resources of unconventional oil (heavy oil, bitumen, oil sands, and oil shales) are claimed to be as much as 7 trillion bbl, with technical recoverable quantities varying from 1 to 3 trillion bbl. Because some of the heavy oils are too viscous to flow at reservoir conditions, special production technologies are required to facilitate flow from the reservoir to the wellhead, which equates to an increase in production and operating costs. Thus, exploration technology is of minor importance because large resources have already been discovered, so optimizing production technology is of greater importance.
Heavy oils are usually found at relatively shallow depths that are structurally faulted and in unconsolidated sands. This type of formation imposes lost-circulation problems during drilling and completion, especially during cementing. Because the common production method for heavy-oil resources is steam injection, full steam resistance and cement-sheath integrity up to the surface is desired. In Duri, Indonesia, conventional treatments with lost circulation material (LCM) pills and/or cement plugs before primary cementing have proven to be costly because of the associated rig time and materials. Moreover, most of these troublesome wells will have no cement returns to the surface during the cementing process, and, as a consequence, show poor bonding or even free pipe during evaluation.
A high-strength, low-density (HSLD) cement system was suggested for increasing primary cementing success in steam-injected, low-fracture-gradient areas. The hollow microsphere cement system is HSLD-acknowledged as a feasible solution because conventional cement designs lose to the formation. After optimizing a HSLD cement design in the lab with reliable results, execution was successful in addressing lost circulation in primary cementing, with even more reductions in remediation costs.
This paper presents a case-history study as well as the development background and process to obtain the optimum solution to overcome lost circulation during cementing in Duri, Indonesia, including optimizing a cement-job design using software, lab test results, a slurry design with economic analysis, and finally cement-bond evaluation results showing the added value for the operator from this initiative.
Internet-Based Methods May Reach Higher-Risk Men who have Sex with
Men Not Reached Through Venue-Based Sampling§
Authors: Sanchez Travis , Smith Amanda , Denson Damian , DiNenno Elizabeth , Lansky Amy 
Published: September 2012

Background:
Internet-based sampling methods may reach men who have sex with men (MSM) who don’t attend physical venues frequented by MSM and may be at higher risk of HIV infection.

Methods:
Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine characteristics of adult MSM participants in 2 studies conducted in the same 5 U.S. cities: the 2003-2005 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System (NHBS) which used sampling from physical MSM venues (e.g., bars, clubs) and the 2007 Web-based HIV Behavioral Surveillance (WHBS) pilot which used sampling through online banner advertisements.

Results:
Among 5024 WHBS MSM, 95% attended a physical MSM venue in the past 12 months, and 75% attended weekly. WHBS MSM who were black, aged 18-21 years, not college educated, bisexual- or heterosexual-identifying, and reported unknown HIV serostatus were less likely to have attended a physical MSM venue in the past 12 months (all p<0.01). Compared to NHBS MSM, WHBS MSM were more likely to be white, younger, college-educated, report unknown HIV serostatus, report unprotected anal intercourse with a casual partner, and have first met that partner online (all p<0.0001). WHBS MSM were less likely to have been under the influence of drugs during most recent sex (p=0.01) or not know their sex partner’s HIV serostatus (p<0.0001).

Conclusions:
Many MSM recruited online also attended physical venues, but attendance varied by sub-group. Participants in WHBS and NHBS differed, and WHBS may represent a group of MSM at higher risk of HIV infection. These findings suggest that an internet-based method may be a useful supplement to NHBS.
A Cross-Sectional Study of Body Shape and Eating Attitude among Indian Female Healthcare Students
Authors: Balhara Yatan Pal Singh , Yadav Tarun , Arya Kishore , Mathur Shachi , Kataria Dinesh Kumar 
Published: September 2012

Objective: The current study aimed at assessing eating attitude and body shape concerns among Indian female healthcare students who had received some teaching/training in Psychiatry. Method: The study was conducted at government medical and nursing college. All the undergraduate healthcare students enrolled with institute at the time of study constituted the sampling frame for the study. Survey-based methodology was used for data collection. Study scales included semi-structured proforma, Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) (including the three sub-scales), and Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ). Data were analyzed using Pearson's and Spearman's correlation statistics and ANOVA with post hoc analysis. Results: A total of 498 students returned the completed study questionnaire. There was significant correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and EAT-26 scores) including the sub-scales score of EAT-26). Similarly, BMI and BSQ scores were also significantly correlated. Discussion: The findings from current study help understand the body shape and eating attitudes of Indian female healthcare students who had received some teaching/training in Psychiatry.
A Study of Postpartum Depression in a Fast Developing Country: Prevalence and Related Factors
Authors: Bener Abdulbari , Burgut F. Tuna , Ghuloum Suheila , Sheikh Javaid 
Published: September 2012

Background: Depression is a common and disabling complication of post-partum women. There is a paucity of research on postpartum depressive disorders and their predictors in women from Arab countries. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and identify risk factors of postpartum depression among Arab women in Qatar using Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale Score (EPDS). Design: This is a prospective cross-sectional study conducted during the period from January 2010 to May 2011. Setting: Primary healthcare centers of the Supreme Council of Health, State of Qatar. Subjects: A representative sample of 1669 mothers within 6 months after delivery were approached and 1379 (82.6%) mothers participated in this study. Methods: The study was based on a face-to-face interview with a designed diagnostic screening questionnaire. Occurrence of postpartum depressive symptoms was assessed by the EPDS. Also, socio-demographic characteristics, medical and family history, and obstetric variables of patients were collected through a designed questionnaire. The diagnostic screening questionnaire was reviewed and calculated the final score which identified the risk cases. Results: The prevalence of postpartum depression among the study sample was 17.6%. Mothers of age above 35 years (49.9% vs. 39.2%; p < 0.001), low education below intermediate level (51% vs. 35.8%; p < 0.001), housewives (38.7% vs. 29%; p = 0.03), with low monthly income (QR 5000–9999) (43.2% vs. 32.2%; p < 0.001) were significantly at high risk for postpartum depression. Maternal complications (38.7% vs. 26.1%; p < 0.001) and caesarean section (36.2% vs. 28.8%; p = 0.022) were significantly higher among depressed mothers compared to non-depressed women. Financial difficulties (OR=2.04; p < 0.001), prematurity (OR=1.64; p = 0.025), poor family support (OR=1.52; p = 0.016), dissatisfaction in marital life (OR=1.26; p = 0.005), poor marital relationship (OR=1.13; p = 0.05) were the main predictors of postpartum depression. Conclusion: This prevalence of postpartum depression in women living in Qatar was comparable to previous epidemiological research done in developing countries. Financial difficulties, prematurity, lack of family support, and poor marital relationships have been identified as main risk factors for developing postpartum depression.