bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short‐term effects of T‐2 toxin exposure on some lipid peroxide and glutathione redox parameters of broiler chickens
Authors: Bócsai A. , Pelyhe Cs. , Zándoki E. , Ancsin Zs. , Szabó‐Fodor J. , Erdélyi M. , Mézes M. , Balogh K. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to investigate the short‐term effects of T‐2 toxin exposure (3.09 mg/kg feed) on lipid peroxidation and glutathione redox system of broiler chicken. A total of 54 Cobb 500 cockerels were randomly distributed to two experimental groups at 21 days of age. Samples (blood plasma, red blood cell, liver, kidney and spleen) were collected every 12 h during a 48‐h period. The results showed that the initial phase of lipid peroxidation, as measured by conjugated dienes and trienes in the liver, was continuously, but not significantly higher in T‐2 toxin‐dosed birds than in control birds. The termination phase of lipid peroxidation, as measured by malondialdehyde, was significantly higher in liver and kidney as a result of T‐2 toxin exposure at the end of the experimental period (48th hour). The glutathione redox system activated shortly after starting the T‐2 toxin exposure, which is supported by the significantly higher concentration of reduced glutathione and glutathione peroxidase activity in blood plasma at 24 and 48 h, in liver at 12, 24 and 36 h, and in kidney and spleen at 24 h. These results suggest that T‐2 toxin, or its metabolites, may be involved in the generation of reactive oxygen substances which causes an increase in lipid peroxidation, and consequently activates the glutathione redox system, namely synthesis of reduced glutathione and glutathione peroxidase.
Analysis of the distribution and evolution of the ATP‐dependent DNA ligases of bacteria delineates a distinct phylogenetic group ‘Lig E’
Authors: Williamson Adele , Hjerde Erik , Kahlke Tim 
Published: September 2015

SummaryPrior to the discovery of a minimal ATP‐dependent DNA ligase in Haemophilus influenzae, bacteria were thought to only possess a NAD‐dependent ligase, which was involved in sealing of Okazaki fragments. We now know that a diverse range of bacterial species possess up to six of these accessory bacterial ATP‐dependent DNA ligases (b‐ADLs), which vary in size and enzymatic domain associations. Here we compare the domain structure of different types of b‐ADLs and investigate their distribution among the bacterial domain to describe possible evolutionary trajectories that gave rise to the sequence and structural diversity of these enzymes. Previous biochemical and genetic analyses have delineated three main classes of these enzymes: Lig B, Lig C and Lig D, which appear to have descended from a common ancestor within the bacterial domain. In the present study, we delineate a fourth group of b‐ADLs, Lig E, which possesses a number of unique features at the primary and tertiary structural levels. The biochemical characteristics, domain structure and inferred extracellular location sets this group apart from the other b‐ADLs. The results presented here indicate that the Lig E type ligases were horizontally transferred into bacteria in a separate event from other b‐ADLs possibly from a bacteriophage.
Relatives perception of writing diaries for critically ill. A phenomenological hermeneutical study
Authors: Nielsen Anne H. , Angel Sanne 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundDiaries written by nurses for the critically ill patient help the relatives cope and support the patient. Relatives may participate in writing a diary for the critically ill and when they do this is appreciated by the patients. However, the relative's perception of writing a diary has not previously been explored.AimTo explore how relatives perceive writing a diary for the critically ill patient.MethodIn a phenomenological–hermeneutic study building on the theory of Ricoeur interviews with seven relatives were conducted and interpreted.FindingsWhen relatives wrote a diary for the critically patients, they experienced that writing and reading the diary allowed for the unloading of emotions and expression of feelings. Writing a diary was a meaningful activity while enduring a situation of uncertainty and furthermore it created a distance that allowed understanding of the critical situation.ConclusionInvolving relatives in writing a diary may support relatives and help them cope with the critical situation.Relevance to clinical practiceRelatives are distressed and struggle to understand what is happening during the patient's course of illness. Involving relatives in writing a diary for the critically ill could be one way to meet their needs in the critical situation.
Are stabilized biosolids a eutrophication risk?
Authors: Withers P. J. A. , Flynn N. J. , Warren G. P. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractRegular application of phosphorus (P)‐rich biosolids to limited land areas poses a potential eutrophication risk because of rapid soil P accumulation and increased transport of P in land runoff to receiving waterbodies. To assess the effect of biosolid‐P on eutrophication risk, we tested the effect of a range of stabilized biosolids on soil test P (STP) accumulation (measured by Olsen‐P), and resulting increases in the potential release of soluble P to runoff (measured by soil water‐extractable P (WEP)), for five major UK soil types in a 90‐day incubation study. Rates of Olsen‐P increase (range 1–18% of total P applied) were greatest for lime‐stabilized biosolids and least for Fe‐rich and thermally dried biosolids. Increases in Olsen‐P were not always accompanied by increases in WEP. Biosolids which contained large amounts of P‐binding elements (e.g. Ca and Fe) actually reduced WEP concentrations on poorly buffered soils. There was less effect of biosolid type on highly buffered soils, which continued to release low amounts of soluble P even at high Olsen‐P concentrations (up to 57 mg/kg). Soil WEP concentrations tended to increase more rapidly above ca. 20% soil P saturation, when the P sorption index was >6, and for biosolids with a molar Fe:P ratio of >1.2, but these potential thresholds require further verification under field conditions. Our results suggest the eutrophication risk associated with biosolids application can be overestimated, and they support the more widespread use of this valuable and renewable nutrient resource on some UK soils.
Humanidades y formación contable: una relación necesaria para otear una reorientación de la profesión contable
Authors: Rojas Rojas William , Giraldo Gercés Gregorio 
Published: September 2015

<p>La educación contable se puede concebir como un proceso de transformación que incide no solo en la vida de quienes deciden asumir la contabilidad como profesión, sino que su ejercicio repercute directamente en el desarrollo de las dinámicas organizacionales y sociales. Las instituciones de educación superior que cuentan con este programa tienen la posibilidad de orientar la formación de contadores públicos de manera integral y crítica, siempre y cuando los actores que la viabilizan conjuren una nueva forma de abordar el hacer y las prácticas pedagógicas. En este sentido, el propósito de este texto es reflexionar en voz alta acerca de los caminos que se han venido desarrollando para transformar las prácticas contables y los procesos pedagógicos que sirven para impulsar la aparición de contadores capaces de repotenciar el telos de la profesión. Realmente se quiere invitar a pensar si se han dado cambios en la forma en que los miembros de la comunidad contable conciben la importancia de las humanidades (ciencias sociales y humanas) en el proceso de formación contable. En este horizonte de reflexión es pertinente preguntarse ¿cuál es la dimensión que se le da al componente de las humanidades en nuestro currículo? Para formular algunos elementos de análisis, se considera importante invitar a estudiar los desarrollos que se han obtenido con el ingreso de las humanidades a los currículos. </p>
Néstor Perlongher y sus cadáveres: del neobarroso a la necropoética
Authors: Zaidenwerg Ezequiel 
Published: September 2015

Este artículo explora la política de la forma poética en la obra de Néstor Perlongher en el contexto de la última dictadura militar argentina. En primer lugar, se analizan las operaciones de apropiación y adaptación que el poeta, antropólogo y militante argentino realiza sobre el neobarroco cubano de Lezama y Sarduy, a la hora de implantar en el Río de la Plata una poética que Perlongher llamaría “neobarrosa”. Luego se estudia la fascinación de Perlongher por los cadáveres nacionales, desde Eva Perón hasta los desaparecidos, y se postula que frente a la opción militante, el argentino se inclina por una necropoética. Así, formas y tradiciones dadas por muertas se levantan como zombis, y en ese énfasis en la corporeidad del lenguaje, Perlongher no sólo pone el cuerpo políticamente sino que les devuelve materialidad a los cuerpos borrados de los desaparecidos.
Biomasa residual : alternativa técnica y ambiental en el proceso de generación termoeléctrica
Authors: Restrepo Alvaro , Bazzo Edson 
Published: September 2015

El siguiente artículo presenta los resultados del análisis técnico (basado en la cantidad exergía) y ambiental realizado en una planta termoeléctrica de 50MWe nominales, localizada al sur del estado de Santa Catarina – Brasil, diseñada para operar con carbón pulverizado y adaptada para operar en proceso co-firing carbón - biomasa residual. Además de la planta termoeléctrica, el estudio consideró una frontera extendida que involucró los procesos relacionados con la obtención, transporte y manipulación tanto del carbón como de la biomasa. El análisis exergético siguió lineamentos de la segunda ley de la termodinámica; mientras que el análisis ambiental se realizó siguiendo la metodología de Análisis de Ciclo de Vida (ACV), considerando 1 MWh como unidad funcional y la categoría de impacto calentamiento global, mediante el método IPCC 2007 GWP 100 años. Para ambos casos (operación sólo con carbón y en co-firing) el análisis exergético indicó que la planta termoeléctrica responde por más del 95% del total de la exergía consumida. Para el análisis ambiental, los resultados indicaron que para el caso de operación sólo con carbón, son emitidos 1230 kg de CO por MWh, mientras que para la operación en co-firing, con una participación de hasta 10% de biomasa en base energética, el valor efectivo de la emisión fue de 1103 kg de CO por MWh.
Clasificación de lesión en rodilla usando señales de electromiografía superficial y goniometría empleando redes neuronales
Authors: Herrera González Marcelo , Martínez Hernández Gustavo Adolfo , Rodríguez Sotelo Jose Luis , Avilés Sánchez Oscar Fernando 
Published: September 2015

<p class="Normal1">En este artículo se propone una metodología para soporte al diagnóstico en análisis de lesión de rodilla, teniendo en cuenta que dichas lesiones son comunes y se producen por diferentes causas, y donde su diagnóstico y tratamiento se realiza por medio de valoraciones por parte de un profesional en el área, que dependiendo de su criterio puede conllevar a exámenes invasivos y/o de alto costo. El sistema emplea señales electromiográficas de superficie (EMGS) y señales de goniometría, analizadas con métodos de análisis de señales en el espacio de tiempo-frecuencia mediante espectrograma y transformada wavelet. Como técnica de aprendizaje de máquina se emplean redes neuronales artificiales, por medio de un perceptrón multicapa. Las señales EMG fueron tomadas en cuatro músculos internos-externos asociados a la articulación, por medio de exámenes físicos de flexión y extensión, en el cual se registró además la goniometría en el plano sagital. Con este sistema se obtuvieron rendimientos superiores al 80% en la efectividad como medida de desempeño, convirtiéndose esta propuesta en una solución objetiva, que puede darle más elementos de juicio al profesional para el diagnóstico.</p><p> </p>
Revision of sand-mite tribe Intermedialiini Wen, 1984 with redescription of Wuella quadriseta Wang et al., 1997 and key to species of the tribe (Acariformes: Walchiidae)
Authors: WEN TING-HUAN 
Published: September 2015

The sand-mite tribe Intermedialiini Wen, 1984 of Walchiidae was revised in accordance with newly erected genus Wuella Wang et al., 1997. Two genera, Intermedialia, comprising subgenera Intermedialia and Jianxia, and Wuella are included in this tribe. Redescription of Wuella quadriseta in comparison with W. sagitta (Goff, 1983) comb. n. was provided. Keys to genera including subgenera, and all nine species of the tribe Intermedialiiniare given.
Genomic Characterization of Brain Metastases Reveals Branched Evolution and Potential Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Brastianos Priscilla K. , Carter Scott L. , Santagata Sandro , Cahill Daniel P. , Taylor-Weiner Amaro , Jones Robert T. , Van Allen Eliezer M. , Lawrence Michael S. , Horowitz Peleg M. , Cibulskis Kristian , Ligon Keith L. , Tabernero Josep , Seoane Joan , Martinez-Saez Elena , Curry William T. , Dunn Ian F. , Paek Sun Ha , Park Sung-Hye , McKenna Aaron , Chevalier Aaron , Rosenberg Mara , Barker Frederick G. , Gill Corey M. , Van Hummelen Paul , Thorner Aaron R. , Johnson Bruce E. , Hoang Mai P. , Choueiri Toni K. , Signoretti Sabina , Sougnez Carrie , Rabin Michael S. , Lin Nancy U. , Winer Eric P. , Stemmer-Rachamimov Anat , Meyerson Matthew , Garraway Levi , Gabriel Stacey , Lander Eric S. , Beroukhim Rameen , Batchelor Tracy T. , Baselga José , Louis David N. , Getz Gad , Hahn William C. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBrain metastases are associated with a dismal prognosis. Whether brain metastases harbor distinct genetic alterations beyond those observed in primary tumors is unknown. We performed whole-exome sequencing of 86 matched brain metastases, primary tumors, and normal tissue. In all clonally related cancer samples, we observed branched evolution, where all metastatic and primary sites shared a common ancestor yet continued to evolve independently. In 53% of cases, we found potentially clinically informative alterations in the brain metastases not detected in the matched primary-tumor sample. In contrast, spatially and temporally separated brain metastasis sites were genetically homogenous. Distal extracranial and regional lymph node metastases were highly divergent from brain metastases. We detected alterations associated with sensitivity to PI3K/AKT/mTOR, CDK, and HER2/EGFR inhibitors in the brain metastases. Genomic analysis of brain metastases provides an opportunity to identify potentially clinically informative alterations not detected in clinically sampled primary tumors, regional lymph nodes, or extracranial metastases.Significance: Decisions for individualized therapies in patients with brain metastasis are often made from primary-tumor biopsies. We demonstrate that clinically actionable alterations present in brain metastases are frequently not detected in primary biopsies, suggesting that sequencing of primary biopsies alone may miss a substantial number of opportunities for targeted therapy. Cancer Discov; 5(11); 1164–77. ©2015 AACR.See related commentary by Stricker and Arteaga, p. 1124.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1111
Uranium and uranyl luminescence in agate/chalcedony
Authors: Götze Jens , Gaft Michael , Möckel Robert 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA systematic investigation of agates from different occurrences in Europe, Northern and Southern America reveals that macrocrystalline quartz and chalcedony within them have an unusually high uranium content. Whereas agates may contain >70 ppm of U, quartz from magmatic and metamorphic rocks as well as pegmatite quartz commonly exhibit U concentrations at sub-ppm levels. Spatially resolved trace-element analyses by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry show that the distribution of U within the agate samples is heterogeneous and coincides with the structural banding. The results indicate that U is incorporated into agate as uranyl ions. These ions, which are bound to the silica surface, are interpreted to originate from the parallel accumulation of Si and U by alteration processes of surrounding host rocks during agate formation.The uranyl ion is the cause of greenish photoluminescence (PL) in agate, which can only be excited by short wavelengths (<300 nm). The green PL is due to the electron transition from an excited to a ground state of the uranyl ion and is shown by a typical emission line at ∼500 nm accompanied by several equidistant lines. These are due to the harmonic vibration of oxygen atoms along the uranyl axis. Luminescence can be detected in samples with a U content down to the 1 ppm level.
Continuity in Training Primary School Students and Fifth- and Sixth-Graders on How to Solve Mathematical Problems
Authors: Бурлакова  , Burlakova T. , Целищева  , Tselishcheva Irina 
Published: September 2015

The paper considers how to sustain continuity in teaching Mathematics at primary school and further to Fifth- and Sixth-grade students. As the
authors’ educational experience proves, to achieve the above goal it is necessary and useful to help students to develop skills for problem solving
situations, given that such training should be provided form the very beginning, i.e., from the first grade. Specified are the techniques and methods
of stage-by-stage operation with problem solving situations, which results in both more successful development of students’ skills in problems
solving and boosting their intellectual activities. This also helps to improve the students’ skills to learn.
Teaching the “Basics of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics” Course at a Primary School
Authors: Виноградова  , Vinogradova Natalya 
Published: September 2015

The paper covers the actual issue concerning mastering the “Basics of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics” course by the fourth-grade students
of a primary school, in terms of both the emphasis on understanding the goals of learning, the curriculum contents and methods for teaching the
said course and on the ways to arrange the learning process itself. Also provided are the answers on specific questions, put forward by practicing
teachers and methodologists.
Acquaintance of Junior Schoolchildren and Preschool Children with the Book Decoration Art as a Perspective Direction of their Aesthetic Development
Authors: Зымалева  , Zymaleva L. 
Published: September 2015

Possibilities for development of junior schoolchildren and preschool children in the course of their acquaintance with the book design art in the
frames of additional education are revealed in this paper. The author provides the main content of teaching which allows children to understand
the book editions’ design art development history, to remember the terms connected with bibliographic data, external elements of the book design.
Subjects of schoolchildren’ practical works are characterized
Analysis of alcohol dependence in indigenous peoples in Northern Siberia.
Authors: Savchenko Michail , Bokhan Nikolay , Plotnikov Evgenii 
Published: September 2015

Aim of the studyThis work considers a statistical and clinical analysis of overall morbidity, characteristics of alcohol dependence and alcohol psychosis of indigenous population in North Siberia (Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District, major gas producing region of Russia, characterized by extreme natural conditions).Subject or material and methodsThe basic indices, which characterize the dynamics of alcohol dependence and alcohol psychosis in indigenous people of the North Siberia, are identified. As indicators of comparison, the mean age of the onset of alcohol drinking, duration of the first stage of alcoholism, alcohol tolerance, the mean age of the appearance of drinking bouts, the mean age of first and the total number of hospitalizations, and the duration of remission and variants of intoxication were used.ResultsA more malignant course and main traits of alcohol dependence of indigenous peoples in northern Siberia, according to all investigated parameters and a 147% increase in the number patients with psychoses under monitoring of addiction specialists over the period from 2002 to 2012 were revealed.DiscussionDifferences between indigenous people and new-comers related with specific metabolic features of natives are the background for progredient alcohol dependence. Easy access to alcohol last decades threatens to health indigenous people of the North.ConclusionsMore severe course of alcoholism among indigenous population of North of Siberia leads to the destruction of traditional lifestyles and reduction of the indigenous population in the northern territories of the Russian Federation.
Masculinity, femininity, self-appeal, strategies of self-presentation and styles of interpersonal functioning in transsexual women
Authors: Mandal Eugenia , Jakubowski Tomasz 
Published: September 2015

Aim of the studyThe aim of the study was to explore potential differences in gender identity and styles of interpersonal functioning between transsexual and non-transsexual women.Subject or material and methodsThe studied group consisted of 32 adult transwomen, and the control group consisted 32 adult biological women. The following tests were used: the Bem Sex Role Inventory (Polish version, Kuczyńska, 1992) , Scale of Self Appeal (Mandal, Zalewska, 2010), the Interpersonal Styles Scale (Stanik, 1998), and the Strategies of Self-Presentation Questionnaire (Mandal, Zalewska, 2010).ResultsThe transsexual women scored higher on the femininity scale than the non-transsexual women. The same situation occurred in the case of the use of the maintaining-overprotective style, submissive-dependent style and conformism scales.
While the non-transsexual women scored higher in the directive-autocratic style, aggressive-sadistic style, competitive-narcissistic style, partner attractiveness and self-promotion scales.
However, statistically significant differences between the groups did not occur in masculinity, adonization, interpersonal attractiveness, appreciation of the partner, self-depreciation, the withdrawing-masochistic style, the rebellious-suspicious style, self-acceptance/complacency, pessimism/helplessness/cry for help, lie, the friendly-cooperative style and the resourcefulness/realism/autonomy scales.DiscussionThe study revealed that transsexual women experience themselves and the surrounding world more in accord to the stereotype of what is feminine than non-transsexual women. Such was the case with the way they function interpersonally. Styles that they employ to a higher degree usually do not contain components of dominance and the need for autonomy but rather the need for affiliation and considerateness.ConclusionsTranswomen function more in accordance with the stereotype of femininity than biological women.
Meditation and psychosis. A trigger or a cure?
Authors: Dyga Krzysztof , Stupak Radosław 
Published: September 2015

The article is a review and an analysis of studies concerning usage of meditation techniques in psychiatry and psychotherapy. A brief history and characteristic of meditation is presented, with emphasis on mindfulness meditation, which is a variation most widely used for health reasons. On the other hand, potential „side effects” of meditational practices are also brought into attention. The authors focus mostly on meditation's links to psychosis, describing both conditions in which meditation may cause decompensation, as well as presenting research on the effects o modified meditation techniques implementation among psychotic patients. In order to better understand the phenomena described the authors interpret meditation's effects using both psychodynamic and cognitive theories. Presented studies suggest that in certain circumstances meditation may trigger psychosis, but they also show that interventions based on mindfulness may play an important clinical role in the alleviation of symptoms during psychotic episodes.