bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prehospital Pulse-Dose Glucocorticoid in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Madsen Jasmine Melissa , Engstrøm Thomas , Obling Laust Emil Roelsgaard , Zhou Yan , Nepper-Christensen Lars , Beske Rasmus Paulin , Vejlstrup Niels Grove , Bang Lia Evi , Hassager Christian , Folke Fredrik , Kyhl Kasper , Andersen Lars Bredevang , Christensen Helle Collatz , Rytoft Laura , Arslani Ketina , Holmvang Lene , Pedersen Frants , Ahlehoff Ole , Jabbari Reza , Barfod Charlotte , Hougaard Mikkel , Minkkinen Mikko , Tilsted Hans-Henrik , Sørensen Rikke , Lønborg Jacob Thomsen 
Published: August 2024

ImportanceIn patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), acute inflammation is related to the extent of myocardial damage and may increase infarct size. Thus, administration of pulse-dose glucocorticoid in the very early phase of infarction may reduce infarct size.ObjectiveTo determine the cardioprotective effect of prehospital pulse-dose glucocorticoid in patients with STEMI.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a 1:1 investigator-initiated, blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial conducted between November 14, 2022, and October 17, 2023, with last follow-up on January 17, 2024. Patients 18 years and older with less than 12 hours of acute chest pain and STEMI were included in the prehospital setting throughout the Region Zealand and Capital Region of Denmark and transferred to Rigshospitalet, Denmark.InterventionPatients were randomly allocated to intravenous glucocorticoid (methylprednisolone, 250 mg) or placebo in the prehospital setting.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was final infarct size on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) at 3 months. The power calculation was based on an anticipated final infarct size of 13%. Secondary outcomes included CMR outcomes on acute scan and at 3 months, peak of cardiac biomarkers, clinical end points at 3 months, and adverse events.ResultsOf 530 included patients (median [IQR] age, 65 [56-75] years; 418 male [78.9%]) with STEMI, 401 (76%) were assessed for the primary outcome, with 198 patients treated with glucocorticoid and 203 with placebo. Median final infarct size was similar in the treatment groups (glucocorticoid, 5%; IQR, 2%-11% vs placebo, 6%; IQR, 2%-13%; P = .24). Compared with placebo, the glucocorticoid group had smaller acute infarct size (odds ratio, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.61-1.00), less microvascular obstruction (relative risk ratio, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.71-0.99), and greater acute left ventricular ejection fraction (mean difference, 4.44%; 95% CI, 2.01%-6.87%). Other secondary outcomes were similar in both groups.Conclusions and RelevanceIn patients with STEMI, treatment with prehospital pulse-dose glucocorticoid did not reduce final infarct size after 3 months. However, the trial was likely underpowered as the final infarct size was smaller than anticipated. The glucocorticoid group had improved acute parameters compared with placebo.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05462730
Advancements in Current Collectors for Composite Lithium Metal Anodes
Authors: Chen Shujing , Pan Chen , Wang Qianlong , Luo Jing‐Li , Fu Xian‐Zhu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLithium (Li) metal batteries have attracted great attention as next‐generation high‐energy‐density storage systems due to the high theoretical energy density and low redox potential of Li metal. However, the safety concerns and poor cycle life are hindering the commercialization of Li metal batteries. Combination of Li metal and current collectors to regulate Li plating/stripping behaviors is an effective strategy to address these issues. In this review, the recent advances in the current collectors for composite Li metal anodes are summarized, including construction interfacial protective layers on current collectors, fabrication and utilization of 3D current collectors, and improving the surface lithiophilicity for current collectors. Finally, perspectives of the current limitations and the future research directions are also presented.
Nanoporous Conjugated Polymer Aerogel Films for High‐Performance Electrochemical Transistors
Authors: Hu Zhenyu , Gu Puzhong , Yang Xiao , Sun Zejun , Lu Linlin , Liang Xing , Zhang Xiaoyu , Deng Zhiying , Liu Muxiang , Zu Guoqing , Huang Jia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOrganic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) possess low operating voltage and excellent amplification capability and show promising applications in biosensors and flexible electronics. However, the active layers of OECTs are usually dense films, which show limited ion penetration/transport, resulting in limited performances of OECTs. Here, unprecedented high‐performance flexible multifunctional OECTs based on nanoporous (mainly 2–60 nm), high‐specific‐surface‐area (255–281 m2 g−1), and flexible conjugated polymer aerogel films are developed. The nanoporous structures effectively facilitate ion penetration/transport, leading to significantly enhanced transconductance (48.5–53.5 mS) and on/off ratio (6.4 × 104) of the OECTs compared with those of dense devices. The resulting OECT‐based glucose sensors exhibit an ultralow detection limit of 1 pm, approximately two to three orders of magnitude lower than those of the previously reported OECT glucose sensors, and an ultrabroad detection range of 1 pm–5 m. They can detect trace amounts of glucose in sweat, serum, saliva, and urine in real time. Moreover, the OECTs can be used for high‐performance flexible artificial synapses and electrocardiogram monitoring. This work provides a powerful strategy toward highly sensitive biosensors, artificial synapses, and electrophysiological signal monitoring.
Molecular Design Leveraging Non‐Covalent Interactions for Efficient Light‐Emitting Organic Small Molecules
Authors: Kim Taehyun , Shin Giwon , Park Taiho , Kim Minjun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLight‐emitting organic small molecules require high internal and external quantum efficiencies with excellent radiative characteristics for their potential application in next‐generation optoelectronics. Nonetheless, achieving high efficiency in solid states remains a formidable challenge, primarily owing to the non‐radiative processes. Therefore, conformational modulation in solid states is pivotal in influencing emission properties to mitigate non‐radiative decay. Notably, modifying intra‐ and intermolecular non‐covalent interactions (NCIs) is a promising strategy that can simultaneously realize rigidity and stabilization of flexible single bonds, thus suppressing reorganization energy associated with non‐radiative decay. Consequently, considerable emission enhancement is attainable through adept manipulation of NCIs, corresponding to systems ranging from single molecules to multimolecular networks in solid states. This review systematically summarizes and analyzes the influence of diverse NCIs in efficient light‐emitting organic small molecules. The effects of NCIs on single‐and multimolecular‐systems are discussed, based on the fundamentals of light emission mechanism and the correlation between molecular design strategy and photophysical properties. Additionally, strategic perspectives are provided for the advancement of future light‐emitting organic small molecules. Therefore, this review serves as a comprehensive molecular design library, providing an up‐to‐date overview of molecular design leveraging NCIs for efficient light‐emitting organic small molecules.
Molybdenum‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Deoxygenative Annulation of 2‐Acylazobenzenes to Access N2,C3‐Disubstituted 2H‐Indazoles
Authors: Chu Haoke , Liu Quanyun , Shen Mei‐Hua , Xu Hua‐Dong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA molybdenum‐catalyzed synthesis of N2,C3‐disubstituted 2H‐indazoles from readily available 2‐acylazobenzenes via deoxygenation of C=O and annulation has been described. The non‐noble metal catalytic system has good tolerance of functional groups, and various N2,C3‐disubstituted 2H‐indazoles have been constructed in 24% to 99% yield. This reaction is easy to scale‐up and has shown its applications in deriving valuable fluorescent and bioactive compounds. The plausible mechanism shows the plausible processes of molybdenum‐catalyzed deoxygenative annulation.
Unraveling the Trade‐Off Between Oxygen Vacancy Concentration and Ordering of Perovskite Oxides for Efficient Lattice Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Liu Lin‐Bo , Tang Yu‐Feng , Liu Shuo , Yu Mulin , Sun Yifei , Fu Xian‐Zhu , Luo Jing‐Li , Liu Subiao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOxygen evolution reaction (OER) over perovskite oxides, upon undergoing a lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism, is strongly oxygen vacancy‐correlated as determined by the oxygen ion diffusivity. Despite substantial efforts having been devoted to tuning the oxygen vacancy concentration in perovskite oxides, the impact of the concomitant altering of oxygen vacancy ordering is often underestimated. In particular, the underlying mechanism of how the ordering and the concentration of oxygen vacancy affect the lattice OER, and how to well balance them still remain inadequately understood. Herein, a series of Sr1−xCaxCo0.5Fe0.5O3−δ with gradually increased oxygen vacancy concentration and ordering are synthesized. Theoretical calculations indicated that a higher oxygen vacancy concentration promoted the lattice oxygen migration, whereas a higher oxygen vacancy ordering impeded it. Particularly, Sr0.5Ca0.5Co0.5Fe0.5O3−δ with a relatively higher oxygen vacancy concentration and a lower ordering displayed the maximum oxygen diffusion rate and the optimal OER activity, affording a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at a quite low overpotential of 310.2 mV, together with a small Tafel slope of 55.87 mV dec−1. This study sheds light on the critical influence of oxygen vacancy configuration on the lattice OER, and paves a compromised avenue to screen and design advanced electrocatalysts for various electrochemical devices.
Development of Zn doping Fe‐Pd bifunctional mesh‐type catalyst for heterogeneous electro‐Fenton system
Authors: Zhang Wenwen , Xie Wenbin , Ma Tianen , Zhang Qi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Fe‐Pd bifunctional heterogeneous electro‐Fenton catalyst is an attractive option for the degradation of phenol wastewater. However, the catalyst faces issues such as inadequate yield of H2O2 on the Pd species and poor durability. In this study, we developed a bifunctional Fe‐Pd catalyst with Zn embedded into a mesh‐type γ‐Al2O3/Al support (ZnxFePd/γ‐Al2O3/Al). The characterization results indicate that the addition of Zn can improve the dispersion of the Pd component on the catalyst surface and promote the crystallization of Fe3O4. Density functional theory calculations reveal that Zn doping reduces the activation energy of the rate‐controlled step and promotes the desorption of products and intermediates in H2O2 synthesis. The reaction kinetics model was proposed. Furtherly, a possible reaction mechanism was proposed to explain the phenol degradation pathways. The selected Zn1.4FePd/γ‐Al2O3/Al catalyst achieved a degradation rate of 98.8% for phenol. The degradation rate remained above 85% after seven cycles.
Evaluation of antibiofilm agents for treatment of cystic fibrosis‐related chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Uyttebroek Saartje , Dupont Lieven , Wagemans Jeroen , Lavigne Rob , Merabishvili Maya , Coenye Tom , Van Gerven Laura 
Published: August 2024

Key points
Treatment of cystic fibrosis‐related chronic rhinosinusitis should target sinonasal biofilms.
NaHCO3 salts with/without xylitol have limited antibiofilm properties, whereas rhDNAse has not.
Phage effectivity varies and depends on the phage and the combination with antibiotics.
Atomically Precise Ternary Cluster: Polyoxometalate Cluster Sandwiched by Gold Clusters Protected by N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes
Authors: Chen Ren , Ma Xiao‐Hong , Luo Peng , Gong Chun‐Hua , Sun Jun‐Jun , Si Yu‐Bing , Dong Xi‐Yan , Pan Fangfang , Zang Shuang‐Quan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCoinage metal (Au, Ag, Cu) cluster and polyoxometalate (POM) cluster represent two types of subnanometer “artificial atoms” with significant potential in catalysis, sensing, and nanomedicine. While composite clusters combining Ag/Cu clusters with POM have achieved considerable success, the assembly of gold clusters with POM is still lagging. Herein, we first designedly synthesized two cluster structural units: an Au3O cluster stabilized by diverse N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands and an amine‐terminated POM linker. The subsequent reaction involved amine substitution in the POM linker for the central O atom in the Au3O cluster, resulting in the first ternary composite cluster—a POM cluster sandwiched by two Au clusters protected by NHCs. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and other characteristic methods characterized their atomically precise structures. Furthermore, altering the NHC ligands decreased the number of gold atoms in the sandwich structures, accompanying the different protonated degrees of amine ligand in the terminal end of the POM linker. These composite clusters showed excellent performances in catalytic H2O2 conversion through the synergistic effect between gold clusters and POM clusters. This work opens a new avenue to functional composite metal clusters and would promote their enhanced catalysis applications through intercluster synergistic interactions within composite systems.
Scalable Production of Thin and Durable Practical Li Metal Anode for High‐Energy‐Density Batteries
Authors: Xia Shuixin , Li Chenrui , Yuwono Jodie A. , Wang Yuehua , Wang Cheng , Li Mingnan , Zhang Xun , Yang Junhe , Mao Jianfeng , Zheng Shiyou , Guo Zaiping 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUtilization of thin Li metal is the ultimate pathway to achieving practical high‐energy‐density Li metal batteries (LMBs), but its practical implementation has been significantly impeded by formidable challenges of poor thinning processability, severe interphase instability and notorious dendritic Li growth. Here we report a practical thin (10–40 μm) Li/Mo/Li2Se with concurrently modulated interphase and mechanical properties, achieved via a scalable mechanical rolling process. The in situ generated Li2Se and Mo not only enhance the mechanical strength enabling the scalable fabrication of thin Li metal, but also promote homogeneous Li electrodeposition. Significantly, the Li/Mo/Li2Se demonstrates ultrahigh‐rate performance (15 mA cm−2) and ultralong‐lifespan cycling sustainability (2700 cycles) with exceptional anti‐pulverization capability. The Li|LiFePO4 cells show substantially prolonged cyclability over 1200 cycles with an ultralow decay rate of ~0.01 % per cycle. Moreover, the Li|LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 pouch cells deliver enhanced cycling stability even under the extremely harsh conditions of low negative‐to‐positive‐capacity (N/P) ratio of ~1.2 and lean electrolyte of ~0.95 g Ah−1, showing an exceptional energy density of 329.2 Wh kg−1. This work sheds light on facile pathway for scalable production of durable thin Li metal anode toward reliable practicability.
Design of Stable Chiral Aminosulfonium Ylides and Their Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis
Authors: Bao Wen , Wang Xu‐Jie , Wang Shao‐Hua , Chen Shi‐Wu , Liu Huan‐Huan , Xiang Shao‐Hua , Tan Bin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe isolation and catalytic enantioselective synthesis of configurationally stable S‐stereogenic sulfonium ylides have been significant challenges in the field of asymmetric synthesis. These reactive intermediates are crucial for a variety of synthetic transformations, yet their inherent tendency towards rapid inversion at the sulfur stereocenter has hindered their practical utilization. Conventional approaches have focused on strategies that incorporate a C=S bond‐containing cyclic framework to help mitigate this stereochemical lability. In this work, we present an alternative tactic that leverages the stabilizing influence of an adjacent N‐atom and cyclic sulfide moiety. Exploiting a copper catalyzed enantioselective intermolecular carbene transfer reaction, structurally diverse S‐stereogenic aminosulfonium ylides have been achieved in excellent yields and enantioselectivities. Experimental results indicate that the careful selection of 2‐diazo‐1,3‐diketone precursors is crucial for achieving optimal stereoinduction in this transformation. The resulting highly enantioenriched aminosulfonium ylides allow for further stereospecific elaborations to furnish aminosulfonium ylide oxides and sulfinamide. This work expands the boundaries of chiral sulfonium ylide chemistry, providing access to a broad range of previously elusive S‐stereogenic aminosulfonium ylide scaffolds.
Nuclease‐Resistant L‐DNA Tension Probes Enable Long‐Term Force Mapping of Single Cells and Cell Consortia
Authors: Sethi Soumya , Xu Tao , Sarkar Aritra , Drees Christoph , Jacob Claire , Walther Andreas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDNA‐based tension probes with precisely programmable force responses provide important insights into cellular mechanosensing. However, their degradability in cell culture limits their use for long‐term imaging, for instance, when cells migrate, divide, and differentiate. This is a critical limitation for providing insights into mechanobiology for these longer‐term processes. Here, we present DNA‐based tension probes that are entirely designed based on the stereoisomer of biological D‐DNA, i.e., L‐DNA. We demonstrate that L‐DNA tension probes are essentially indestructible by nucleases and provide days‐long imaging without significant loss in image quality. We also show their superiority already for short imaging times commonly used for classical D‐DNA tension probes. We showcase the potential of these resilient probes to image minute movements, and for generating long term force maps of single cells and of collectively migrating cell populations.
Shotgun Sequencing of 512‐mer Copolyester Allows Random Access to Stored Information
Authors: Jang Heejeong , Chu Hyunseon , Noh Hyojoo , Kim Kyoung Taek 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDigital information encoded in polymers has been exclusively decoded by mass spectrometry. However, the size limit of analytes in mass spectrometry restricts the storage capacity per chain. In addition, sequential decoding hinders random access to the bits of interest without full‐chain sequencing. Here we report the shotgun sequencing of a 512‐mer sequence‐defined polymer whose molecular weight (57.3 kDa) far exceeds the analytical limit of mass spectrometry. A 4‐bit fragmentation code was implemented at aperiodic positions during the synthetic encoding of 512‐bit information without affecting storage capacity per chain. Upon activating the fragmentation code, the polymer chain splits into 18 oligomers, which could be individually decoded by tandem‐mass sequencing. These sequences were computationally reconstructed into a full sequence using an error‐detection method. The proposed sequencing method eliminates the storage limit of a single polymer chain and allows random access to the bits of interest without full‐chain sequencing.
Configurational Isomerization‐Induced Orientation Switching: Non‐Fused Ring Dipodal Phosphonic Acids as Hole‐Extraction Layers for Efficient Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wang Yuxing , Wen Junjie , Huang Yifan , Gao Jiaxin , Duan Yuxin , Park Soohyung , Shin Woojin , Ma Zaifei , Liu Miao , Cho Sang Wan , Park Yeonju , Jung Young Mee , Lee Hyunbok , Liu Wenxu , Liu Yao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPhosphonic acid (PA) self‐assembled molecules have recently emerged as efficient hole‐extraction layers (HELs) for organic solar cells (OSCs). However, the structural effects of PAs on their self‐assembly behaviors on indium tin oxide (ITO) and thus photovoltaic performance remain obscure. Herein, we present a novel class of PAs, namely “non‐fused ring dipodal phosphonic acids” (NFR‐DPAs), featuring simple and malleable non‐fused ring backbones and dipodal phosphonic acid anchoring groups. The efficacy of configurational isomerism in modulating the photoelectronic properties and switching molecular orientation of PAs atop electrodes results in distinct substrate surface energy and electronic characteristics. The NFR‐DPA with linear (C2h symmetry) and brominated backbone exhibits favorable face‐on orientation and enhanced work function modification capability compared to its angular (C2v symmetry) and non‐brominated counterparts. This makes it versatile HELs in mitigating interfacial resistance for energy barrier‐free hole collection, and affording optimal active layer morphology, which results in an impressive efficiency of 19.11 % with a low voltage loss of 0.52 V for binary OSC devices and an excellent efficiency of 19.66 % for ternary OSC devices. This study presents a new dimension to design PA‐based HELs for high‐performance OSCs.
Physicochemical influence of graphite agent for fabrication of MoVTeNbO catalyst for direct oxidation of propene to acrylic acid
Authors: Rouzbahani Hossein Khosravi , Akbari Azam , Mazloom Golshan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMoV‐based composites stand out as the most promising potential catalysts targeted for direct production of acrylic acid from alkane/alkene substances. Herein, MoVTeNbO powder was synthesized and successfully fabricated by adding graphite as an appropriate tableting agent. Without employing graphite as lubricant, the fabrication of tablets was not practicable. The physicochemical effects of graphite on the catalyst properties were investigated via characterization by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ammonia temperature‐programmed desorption (NH3‐TPD), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) methods. In addition to the easy and operative formation of tablets by consisting graphite, TGA results indicated better thermal stability compared to the bare powder. No harmful impact of graphite on the catalyst crystalline phases and morphology was detected by XRD and SEM analysis. The SEM images proved the graphite incorporation as a binder in the physical combination of the catalyst particles along the compression process, resulting in the desired physical resistance. Graphite caused a slight decrease in the BET surface area and final catalyst acidity. Despite the effect of reducing propene conversion, interestingly, a substantial improvement in the yield of acrylic acid was found by tableting. The graphite as an inert agent suppressed hot spots on the catalyst surface, leading to superior consistency in activity over time as well as lower selectivity to undesirable COx.
A novel green approach for the construction of conductive glass fiber‐silver‐PANI ternary composites with efficient electromagnetic interference shielding and excellent thermal stability
Authors: Chandran Shine R. , Krishnan Raji R. , Johnson Elizabath , Prema K. H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe study proposes a novel way of amalgamating three different materials to develop an effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding material by completely utilizing the distinct properties of each one. First and foremost, binary composites have been prepared by combining with various weight of silver (1, 2, and 3 g) and constant weight percentages of glass fiber. The synthesis of the glass fiber‐silver‐PANI ternary composite is then brought about by PANI particles precisely encased on the surface of the glass fiber‐silver binary composite. The intertwining of a thin PANI coating on the binary composite is done successfully via simple in‐situ polymerization of aniline using lime juice as the dopant. The structural properties have been studied with XRD and FT‐IR. The SEM analysis reveals the effectual distribution of PANI on binary composite. The thermal stability of the composites has been studied using TG analysis. Most importantly, the glass fiber‐silver‐PANI ternary composite shows significantly high EMI shielding effectiveness up to 41 dB in the x‐band region.