bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric inheritance of cytoophidia in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Zhang Jing , Hulme Lydia , Liu Ji-Long 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT
A general view is that Schizosaccharomyces pombe undergoes symmetric cell division with two daughter cells inheriting equal shares of the content from the mother cell. Here we show that CTP synthase, a metabolic enzyme responsible for the de novo synthesis of the nucleotide CTP, can form filamentous cytoophidia in the cytoplasm and nucleus of S. pombe cells. Surprisingly, we observe that both cytoplasmic and nuclear cytoophidia are asymmetrically inherited during cell division. Our time-lapse studies suggest that cytoophidia are dynamic. Once the mother cell divides, the cytoplasmic and nuclear cytoophidia independently partition into one of the two daughter cells. Although the two daughter cells differ from one another morphologically, they possess similar chances of inheriting the cytoplasmic cytoophidium from the mother cell, suggesting that the partition of cytoophidium is a stochastic process. Our findings on asymmetric inheritance of cytoophidia in S. pombe offer an exciting opportunity to study the inheritance of metabolic enzymes in a well-studied model system.
Huntingtin is required for ER-to-Golgi transport and for secretory vesicle fusion at the plasma membrane
Authors: Brandstaetter Hemma , Kruppa Antonina J. , Buss Folma 
Published: November 2014

AbstractHuntingtin is a large membrane associated scaffolding protein that associates with endocytic and exocytic vesicles and modulates their trafficking along cytoskeletal tracks. Although Huntington’s disease progression is linked to toxic accumulation of mutant huntingtin protein, loss of wildtype huntingtin function may also contribute to neuronal cell death but its precise function is not well understood. Therefore, we investigated the molecular role of huntingtin in exocytosis and observed that huntingtin knockdown in HeLa cells causes a delay in ER-to-Golgi transport and a reduction in the number of cargo vesicles leaving the trans-Golgi network. In addition, huntingtin is required for secretory vesicle fusion at the plasma membrane. Similar defects in the early exocytic pathway were observed in primary fibroblasts from homozygous Q140 huntingtin knock-in mice that lack wildtype huntingtin expression. Interestingly, heterozygous fibroblasts from a Huntington’s disease patient with a Q180 expansion displayed no obvious defects in the early secretory pathway. Thus, our results highlight the requirement for wildtype huntingtin at distinct steps along the secretory pathway.
Distinctive Features of Methods to Improve the Level of Proficiency of Primary School Pupils
Authors: Моткова  , Motkova Yuliya 
Published: October 2014

Methods for improving the proficiency level of primary school pupils are described, efficiency of their application is examined. Also analyzed are
difficulties, with which a newcomer teacher may encounter when choosing between several teaching methods. Aspects and conditions, determining
the choice of teaching methods are highlighted. The paper allows a teacher to gain insight in the vast variety of teaching methods and techniques
and to determine which ones would be the most appropriate in terms of the educational program at hand.
How to Promote Inter-Ethnic Accord at Schools with Mixed Ethnic Composition of Students
Authors: Белянкова  , Belyankova N. 
Published: October 2014

The paper proposes methodological approaches for instilling the culture of interethnic relations in preschool- and primary school-age children,
for establishing interethnic harmony and consent in a group of the same-age pupils of different nationalities. Also discussed are issues on how
to maintain effective interaction between kindergarten and the primary school on the one hand, and the parents community on the other hand.
Examples of practical activities of various educational institutions are provided.
How to Train Future Teachers in Project Competences with the Help of the Electronic Model of Primary General Education Content
Authors: Фортыгина  , Fortygina Svetlana 
Published: October 2014

The paper examines specific aspects of how higher education students intending to be primary school teachers, master project competences.
Special attention is given to the “Electronic model of primary general education content”, the software product, which meets the requirements
imposed by the Federal State Educational Standard of Primary General Education in terms of effective forecasting the outcomes of pedagogical
activities.
Multifaceted Approach to Spiritual and Moral Education of Children in the Context of Supplementary Education
Authors: Касимова  , Kasimova T. 
Published: October 2014

The paper considers the multifaceted approach to spiritual and moral education of adolescents and children, which helps to understand and
taking in and accepting the national values. Ways to cope with this task are suggested, including such, as imparting school students to various
branches of art, help them to develop communicative skills; boost their drive to personal fulfillment; shaping socially desirable personal qualities;
instill insights about family values, traditions etc. Special attention is given to the role of supplementary educational institutions at a small
Russian town.
Gender Differences in the Willingness to Compete Emerge Early in Life and Persist
Authors: Sutter Matthias , Glätzle-Rützler Daniela 
Published: October 2014

Gender differences in the willingness to compete have been identified as one important factor in explaining gender differences in labor markets and within organizations. We present three experiments with a total of 1,570 subjects, ages three to 18 years, to investigate the origins of this gender gap. In a between-subjects design we find that boys are more likely to compete than girls as early as kindergarten and that this gap prevails throughout adolescence. Re-examining the behavior of 316 subjects in a within-subjects design two years later, we show that these gender differences also largely persist over a longer time period and can thus be considered stable. Controlling for subjects' abilities in the different tasks, their risk attitudes, and expected performance, the gender gap in the willingness to compete is estimated in the range of 10–20 percentage points. We discuss the implications of our findings for policy interventions and organizational management. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.1981 . This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.
Uncommon Value: The Characteristics and Investment Performance of Contrarian Funds
Authors: Wei Kelsey D. , Wermers Russ , Yao Tong 
Published: October 2014

Motivated by extant theories of herding behavior, this paper empirically identifies contrarian mutual funds as those trading most frequently against the crowd. We find that contrarian funds generate superior performance both when they trade against and with the herd, indicating that they possess superior private information. Furthermore, contrarians do not trade in a particularly correlated fashion with each other, consistent with these funds having disparate information. Our fund-level contrarian measure is largely unrelated to existing measures of fund strategy uniqueness, as both contrarian and herding funds score highly on such measures. Building on our finding of superior alphas for contrarian funds, we construct a stock-level contrarian score that reflects the aggregate stock selection information possessed by contrarian managers. This stock-level contrarian score significantly predicts stock returns after controlling for measures of stock-level herding, as well as a battery of return-predictive investment signals documented in prior studies. This paper was accepted by Wei Jiang, finance.
Why and When Consumers Prefer Products of User-Driven Firms: A Social Identification Account
Authors: Dahl Darren W. , Fuchs Christoph , Schreier Martin 
Published: October 2014

Companies are increasingly drawing on their user communities to generate promising ideas for new products, which are then marketed as “user-designed” products to the broader consumer market. We demonstrate that nonparticipating, observing consumers prefer to buy from user- rather than designer-driven firms because of an enhanced identification with the firm that has adopted this user-driven philosophy. Three experimental studies validate a newly proposed social identification account underlying this effect. Because consumers are also users, their social identities connect to the user-designers, and they feel empowerment by vicariously being involved in the design process. This formed connection leads to preference for the firm’s products. Importantly, this social identification account also effectively predicts when the effect does not materialize. First, we find that if consumers feel dissimilar to participating users, the effects are attenuated. We demonstrate that this happens when the community differs from consumers along important demographics (i.e., gender) or when consumers are nonexperts in the focal domain (i.e., they feel that they do not belong to the social group of participating users). Second, the effects are attenuated if the user-driven firm is only selectively rather than fully open to participation from all users (observing consumers do not feel socially included). These findings advance the emerging theory on user involvement and offer practical implications for firms interested in pursuing a user-driven philosophy. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.1999 . This paper was accepted by Pradeep Chintagunta, marketing.
Increasing Quality Sequence: When Is It an Optimal Product Introduction Strategy?
Authors: Pedram Mahmood , Balachander Subramanian 
Published: October 2014

In this paper, we analyze the optimal introduction timing of a seller’s products targeted at segments that differ in their willingness to pay for quality. Past studies suggest that an introduction sequence of a high-quality product followed by a lower-quality version of the product may mitigate the cannibalization effects of the low-quality product on profits from the high-quality product. We show that if customers who value quality more possess an outside option such as a substitute product, as may be the case with replacement buyers, a seller may find it optimal to follow a low-quality product with a higher-quality one, the latter being targeted at replacement buyers. Furthermore, the ability of the seller to commit to future qualities accentuates the sequential increase in quality in the presence of such buyers. Thus, we show that conditions other than uncertainty or technological improvements occurring over time may justify a seller adopting a strategy of sequentially increasing quality. This paper was accepted by J. Miguel Villas-Boas, marketing.
Dynamic Commercialization Strategies for Disruptive Technologies: Evidence from the Speech Recognition Industry
Authors: Marx Matt , Gans Joshua S. , Hsu David H. 
Published: October 2014

When start-up innovation involves a potentially disruptive technology—initially lagging in the predominant performance metric, but with a potentially favorable trajectory of improvement—incumbents may be wary of engaging in cooperative commercialization with the start-up. While the prevailing theory of disruptive innovation suggests that this will lead to (exclusively) competitive commercialization and the eventual replacement of incumbents, we consider a dynamic strategy involving product market entry before switching to a cooperative commercialization strategy. Empirical evidence from the automated speech recognition industry from 1952 to 2010 confirms our main hypothesis.This paper was accepted by Bruno Cassiman, business strategy.
A Quasi-Robust Optimization Approach for Crew Rescheduling
Authors: Veelenturf Lucas P. , Potthoff Daniel , Huisman Dennis , Kroon Leo G. , Maróti Gábor , Wagelmans Albert P. M. 
Published: October 2014

This paper studies the real-time crew rescheduling problem in case of large-scale disruptions. One of the greatest challenges of real-time disruption management is the unknown duration of the disruption. In this paper we present a novel approach for crew rescheduling where we deal with this uncertainty by considering several scenarios for the duration of the disruption. The rescheduling problem is similar to a two-stage optimization problem. In the first stage, at the start of the disruption, we reschedule the plan based on the optimistic scenario (i.e., assuming the shortest possible duration of the disruption), while taking into account the possibility that another scenario will be realized. We require a prescribed number of the rescheduled crew duties (a sequential list of tasks which have to be performed by a single crew member) to be recoverable. The true duration of the disruption is revealed in the second stage. By the recoverability of the duties, we expect that the first stage solution can easily be turned into a schedule that is feasible for the realized scenario. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by an application in real-time railway crew rescheduling. The ideas of this paper generalize to certain vehicle rescheduling and manufacturing problems where timetabled tasks which have a fixed start and end location are to be carried out by a given number of servers. We test our approach on a number of instances of Netherlands Railways (NS), the main operator of passenger trains in the Netherlands. The numerical experiments show that the approach indeed finds schedules which are easier to adjust if it turns out that another scenario than the optimistic one is realized for the duration of the disruption.
The civilizing process and sartorial studies
Authors: Wild Benjamin 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Analyses of sartorial vogues from the past and present have become increasingly cognizant of sociological paradigms, with the notable exception of Norbert Elias’ seminal theory of the civilizing process. This article argues for a greater awareness of the civilizing process in sartorial studies, particularly its discussion of the we–I balance, which elucidates changing patterns of self-perception within a continually evolving society. Felicitously, the diachronic approach adopted by civilizing process facilitates the incorporation of other, synchronic sociological models into sartorial analysis. Reference is made to the theories of Theodor Adorno, Michel de Certeau, Erving Goffman and Thorstein Veblen.
Blue or pink? That is the question: Homophobia and its influence on the gendering of colour symbolism
Authors: Kang Eun Jung 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Gender demarcation by the colours blue and pink in children’s clothing became too conspicuous to ignore during the decades before and after the turn of the twentieth century in America. This article elucidates the correlation between the history of colour fixation for babies of each gender and the formation of gender identity during this period. The investigation into the colour assignment to babies of each gender from the late Victorian era to the post-war era will demonstrate the vying relations of both sexes that were represented by blue and pink and the evolving interrelationship between colour and social structure when the fear of homosexuality was particularly widespread in the Euro-American world.
It’s your fault you’re fat: Judgements of responsibility and social conduct in the fashion industry
Authors: Christel Deborah A. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Examining the beliefs in the fashion industry surrounding the obese is critical to understanding discrimination issues and the resultant fit and sizing issues for plus-size consumers. The fashion industry offers certain styles in limited sizing, which in turn structures our society in such a way that only certain sizes can participate in choosing and wearing fashionable clothing. Therefore, the need to examine the people’s beliefs who will work in this industry is critical to restructuring the sizing, fit and discriminatory issues experienced by fat consumers. Understanding these beliefs among student designers, or the ‘gatekeepers’ of the fashion industry, may explain why plus-size women repeatedly report feeling discriminated against by the fashion industry and have difficulty finding clothing in styles, colours and fits they desire. The results of the study indicate that fashion design and merchandising students have strong negative beliefs about obese people. This article investigates the reasoning for such disdain towards obese bodies in the fashion industry and hopes to rectify the situation by offering suggestions to normalize fat bodies and incorporate information about plus-size consumers into fashion design and apparel merchandising courses.
Targeting the parents through the children in the golden age of Italian television advertising: The case of Carosello
Authors: Annunziato Sarah , Fiumara Francesco 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Carosello debuted on Italian airwaves on 3 February 1957, where it would remain for the next twenty years. The programme was an early format of televised advertising, which presented commercials that consisted of two parts: light entertainment clips followed by brief sales pitches. Carosello quickly became a household favourite, due in no small part to its appeal for children. In fact, the programme was so popular with youngsters that advertisers targeted kids in order to persuade their parents to purchase certain products. Copywriters did this by crafting advertisements that appealed to the cognitive capabilities of children and adhered to the same structures as traditional folk and fairy tales. This effectively transformed each episode of Carosello into a memorable collection of bedtime stories for the consumer age. This article will explore how copywriters targeted children, the success of this approach in marketing merchandise to adults, and the role of Carosello during Italy’s economic boom.
Book Reviews
Authors: West Rebecca , O’Donnell Hugh , Renga Dana , O’Leary Alan , O’Rawe Catherine , Maio Barbara , Hipkins Danielle , Orton Marie , Bayman Louis , Di Lullo Mauro 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The Italian Cinema Book, Peter Bondanella (ed.) (2014) London: British Film Institute (Palgrave Macmillan), 380 pp., ISBN: 9781844574049, p/bk, £25.99
Il prisma dei generi. Immagini DI donne in tv, Milly Buonanno (ed.) (2014) Milan: FrancoAngeli, 220 pp., ISBN: 9788891706041, p/bk, €29.00
Reframing Italy: New Trends in Italian Women’s Filmmaking, Bernadette Luciano and Susanna Scarparo (2013) West Lafayette, Indiana: Purdue University Press, 245 pp., ISBN: 978I557536556, p/bk, $45.00
Da Ercole a Fantozzi: Cinema Popolare e Società Italiana dal Boom Economico alla Neotelevisione (1958–1976), Giacomo Manzoli (2012) Rome: Carocci, 254 pp., ISBN: 9788843048632, p/bk, €25
Migrant Memories: Cultural History, Cinema and the Italian Post-War Diaspora in Britain, Margherita Sprio (2013) Oxford: Peter Lang, 290 pp., ISBN: 3034309473, p/bk, £45.
Tempo di Fiction. Il racconto televisivo in divenire, Milly Buonanno (ed.) (2013) Napoli: Liguori Editore, 168 pp., ISBN: 9788820761295, p/bk, €16.99
Italian Women Filmmakers and the Gendered Screen, Maristella Cantini (ed.) (2013) New York: Palgrave, 284 pp., ISBN: 9781137336507, h/bk (also available as an ebook), $95
The Cinemas of Italian Migration: European and Transatlantic Narratives, Sabine Schrader and Daniel Winkler (eds) (2013) Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 326 pp., ISBN: 9781443846240, h/bk, $85.00
Il cinema specchio della realtà. Modelli culturali a confronto, Francesca Borrione (2013) Rome: Aracne, 108 pp., ISBN: 9788854855663, p/bk, €11
La Glocalizzazione digitale dell’audiovisivo. Nuovi Paradigmi nel Panorama Mondiale, Paolo Sigismondi (2014) Milan: Franco Angeli, 203 pp., ISBN: 9788820458324, p/bk, €22.50
RAI narrates Italy: Current affairs, television information and changing times
Authors: Gavrila Mihaela , Morcellini Mario 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Television news broadcasts and in-depth information programmes have been among the most valued and typical characteristics of Italian Public Radio-Television (RAI), the Italian Public Broadcasting Service, since its early years. This article focuses on the television identity of programme hosts, the evolution of media language, and analyses the strengths and weaknesses of RAI’s strategy in dealing with in-depth information programmes. This article also offers an informed assessment of the future of the Italian Public Broadcasting Service by discussing both the past and in-depth information programmes. Only an RAI that focuses on cultural and technological upgrading will be able to celebrate its 60th anniversary and to continue as ‘mother’ of the Italians and of all those who appreciate reliable and professional television reporting of current affairs.
A Novel Cryptochrome-Dependent Oscillator inNeurospora crassa
Authors: Nsa Imade Y , Karunarathna Nirmala , Liu Xiaoguang , Huang Howard , Boetteger Brittni , Bell-Pedersen Deborah 
Published: November 2014

AbstractSeveral lines of evidence suggest that the circadian clock is constructed of multiple molecular feedback oscillators that function to generate robust rhythms in organisms. However, while core oscillator mechanisms driving specific behaviors are well described in several model systems, the nature of other potential circadian oscillators is not understood. Using genetic approaches in the fungus Neurospora crassa, we uncovered an oscillator mechanism that drives rhythmic spore development in the absence of the well-characterized FRQ/WCC oscillator (FWO) and in constant light, conditions under which the FWO is not functional. While this novel oscillator does not require the FWO for activity, it does require the blue-light photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME (CRY); thus, we call it the CRY-dependent oscillator (CDO). The CDO was uncovered in a strain carrying a mutation in cog-1 (cry-dependent oscillator gate-1), has a period of ∼1 day in constant light, and is temperature-compensated. In addition, cog-1 cells lacking the circadian blue-light photoreceptor WC-1 respond to blue light, suggesting that alternate light inputs function in cog-1 mutant cells. We show that the blue-light photoreceptors VIVID and CRY compensate for each other and for WC-1 in CRY-dependent oscillator light responses, but that WC-1 is necessary for circadian light entrainment.