bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of coupling DNA motif pairs on long-range chromatin interactions in human K562 cells
Authors: Wong Ka-Chun , Li Yue , Peng Chengbin 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Motivation: The protein–DNA interactions between transcription factors (TFs) and transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs, also known as DNA motifs) are critical activities in gene transcription. The identification of the DNA motifs is a vital task for downstream analysis. Unfortunately, the long-range coupling information between different DNA motifs is still lacking. To fill the void, as the first-of-its-kind study, we have identified the coupling DNA motif pairs on long-range chromatin interactions in human.
Results: The coupling DNA motif pairs exhibit substantially higher DNase accessibility than the background sequences. Half of the DNA motifs involved are matched to the existing motif databases, although nearly all of them are enriched with at least one gene ontology term. Their motif instances are also found statistically enriched on the promoter and enhancer regions. Especially, we introduce a novel measurement called motif pairing multiplicity which is defined as the number of motifs that are paired with a given motif on chromatin interactions. Interestingly, we observe that motif pairing multiplicity is linked to several characteristics such as regulatory region type, motif sequence degeneracy, DNase accessibility and pairing genomic distance. Taken into account together, we believe the coupling DNA motif pairs identified in this study can shed lights on the gene transcription mechanism under long-range chromatin interactions.
Availability and implementation: The identified motif pair data is compressed and available in the supplementary materials associated with this manuscript.
Contact: kc.w@cityu.edu.hk
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Variable responses of temperate calcified and fleshy macroalgae to elevated pCO2 and warming
Authors: Kram S. L. , Price N. N. , Donham E. M. , Johnson M. D. , Kelly E. L. A. , Hamilton S. L. , Smith J. E. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions simultaneously increase ocean temperatures and reduce ocean surface pH, a process termed ocean acidification (OA). OA is expected to negatively affect the growth and physiology of many calcified organisms, but the response of non-calcified (fleshy) organisms is less well understood. Rising temperatures and pCO2 can enhance photosynthetic rates (within tolerance limits). Therefore, warming may interact with OA to alter biological responses of macroalgae in complicated ways. Beyond thresholds of physiological tolerance, however, rising temperatures could further exacerbate negative responses to OA. Many studies have investigated the effects of OA or warming independently of each other, but few studies have quantified the interactive effects of OA and warming on marine organisms. We conducted four short-term independent factorial CO2 enrichment and warming experiments on six common species of calcified and fleshy macroalgae from southern California to investigate the independent and interactive effects of CO2 and warming on growth, carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzyme activity, pigment concentrations, and photosynthetic efficiency. There was no effect of elevated pCO2 on CA activity, pigment concentration, and photosynthetic efficiency in the macroalgal species studies. However, we found that calcareous algae suffered reduced growth rates under high pCO2 conditions alone, although the magnitude of the effect varied by species. Fleshy algae had mixed responses of growth rates to high pCO2, indicating that the effects of pCO2 enrichment are inconsistent across species. The combined effects of elevated pCO2 and warming had a significantly negative impact on growth for both fleshy and calcareous algae; calcareous algae experienced five times more weight loss than specimens in ambient control conditions and fleshy growth was reduced by 76%. Our results demonstrate the need to study the interactive effects of multiple stressors associated with global change on marine communities.
Radio relics tracing the projected mass distribution in CIZA J2242.8+5301
Authors: Okabe Nobuhiro , Akamatsu Hiroki , Kakuwa Jun , Fujita Yutaka , Zhang Yuying , Tanaka Masayuki , Umetsu Keiichi 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
We present a weak-lensing analysis for a merging galaxy cluster, CIZA J2242.8+5301, which hosts double radio relics, using three-band Subaru/Suprime-Cam imaging (Br′z′). Since the lifetime of dark matter halos colliding into clusters is longer than that of X-ray emitting gas halos, weak-lensing analysis is a powerful method to constrain merger dynamics. Two-dimensional shear fitting using a clean background catalog suggests that the cluster undergoes a merger with a mass ratio of about 2 : 1. The main halo is located around the gas core in the southern region, while no concentrated gas core is associated with the northern sub-halo. We find that the projected cluster mass distribution resulting from an unequal-mass merger is in excellent agreement with the curved shapes of the two radio relics and the overall X-ray morphology, except for the lack of the northern gas core. The lack of a prominent radio halo enables us to constrain an upper limit of the fractional energy of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence of $(\delta B/B)^2&lt;\mathcal {O}(10^{-6})$ at a resonant wavenumber, by finding a balance between the acceleration time and the time after the core passage or the cooling time, with an assumption of resonant acceleration by a second-order Fermi process.
Organizational responses to accountability requirements
Authors: Gray Carolyn Steele , Berta Whitney , Deber Raisa , Lum Janet 
Published: September 2015

Background:
In health care, accountability is being championed as a promising approach to meeting the dual imperatives of improving care quality while managing constrained budgets.

Purposes:
Few studies focus on public sector organizations' responsiveness to government imperatives for accountability. We applied and adapted a theory of organizational responsiveness to community care agencies operating in Ontario, Canada, asking the question: What is the array of realized organizational responses to government-imposed accountability requirements among community agencies that receive public funds to provide home and community care?

Methodology/Approach:
A sequential complementary mixed methods approach was used. It gathered data through a survey of 114 home and community care organizations in Ontario and interviews with 20 key informants representing 13 home and community care agencies and four government agencies. It generated findings using a parallel mixed analysis technique.

Findings:
In addition to responses predicted by the theory, we found that organizations engage in active, as well as passive, forms of compliance; we refer to this response as internal modification in which internal policies, practices, and/or procedures are changed to meet accountability requirements. We also found that environmental factors, such as the presence of an association representing organizational interests, can influence bargaining tactics.

Practice Implications:
Our study helps us to better understand the range of likely responses to accountability requirements and is a first step toward encouraging the development of accountability frameworks that favor positive outcomes for organizations and those holding them to account. Tailoring agreements to organizational environments, aligning perceived compliance with behaviors that encourage improved performance, and allowing for flexibility in accountability arrangements are suggested strategies to support beneficial outcomes.
Persistent Pneumonia
Authors: Ruttan Timothy , Vezzetti Robert , Scalo Jordan 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Primary pulmonary tumors are rare in pediatrics. When they are encountered, they are usually carcinoid tumors or mucoepidermoid carcinomas. We present a patient who presented to both his primary care physician and the pediatric emergency department with recurrent bouts of wheezing and pneumonia, none of which ever completely resolved despite appropriate treatment. The patient had multiple chest films, which demonstrated the persistence of what appeared to be a right-sided infiltrate/atelectasis. Ultimately, the patient underwent a diagnostic workup that included a computed tomography scan and bronchoscopy. These studies revealed the presence of a bronchial mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The patient was successfully treated with photoablation of the lesion through the involvement of multiple subspecialists, including pediatric pulmonology, pediatric surgery, pediatric otolaryngology, and pediatric oncology. We discuss the incidence and epidemiology of pediatric bronchial tumors in general and mucoepidermoid carcinoma in particular as well as diagnosis, treatment options, and prognosis. Emergency physicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for alternate diagnoses in patients whose disease fails to respond to traditionally accepted therapy.
An Assessment of Newly Identified Barriers to and Enablers for Prehospital Pediatric Pain Management
Authors: Whitley Daniel E. , Li Timmy , Jones Courtney M.C. , Cushman Jeremy T. , Williams David M. , Shah Manish N. 
Published: September 2015

Objectives
The aim of this study was to quantitatively assess the prevalence of newly identified barriers and enablers to prehospital narcotic analgesic administration in a sample of paramedics and determine whether these barriers and enablers differ between new and experienced paramedics.

Methods
We surveyed a convenience sample of paramedics from urban, suburban, and rural practice settings in an emergency medical services system. Descriptive statistics were calculated to describe responses, and differences between new (≤5 years) and experienced (>5 years) providers were assessed.

Results
There were 127 surveys analyzed; 67% of our sample was experienced and 86% considered treating pain important. Notable barriers for analgesic administration include causing more pain from intravenous catheter insertion, parental influences, difficulty assessing pain, and worry about allergic reactions. Notable enablers include belief that analgesic administration is important, education to administer analgesics, and support from agency leadership. There were statistically significant differences between new and experienced providers in the distribution of responses for survey items regarding how the importance of treating pain in children was learned, overall comfort with pediatric patients, receiving negative responses from superiors about giving pediatric patients analgesics, and usefulness of the Broselow tape for dosing fentanyl for children. Other barriers and enablers were not significantly different between new and experienced providers.

Conclusions
Top barriers to prehospital pediatric analgesic administration are related to skills and knowledge deficits, whereas enablers include support from agency leadership and personal views on analgesics. This information can be used to guide interventions to improve the management of pain in children.
Pelvic Fracture Urethral Injuries in Children
Authors: Meltzer James A. , Reddy Srinivas H. , Blumfield Einat , Alvayay Carolina , Blumberg Stephen M. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Pelvic fracture urethral injuries are uncommon injuries that are frequently overlooked in the emergency department. We present a case of a 2-year-old girl whose urethral trauma was initially missed and potentially worsened by the placement of a urinary catheter. The clinical and diagnostic features of these rare injuries are discussed along with the controversies surrounding urinary catheter placement and retrograde urethrography.
Leukemoid Reaction in a Pediatric Patient With Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Authors: Gonzalez Laura K. , Malhotra Sonali , Levine Marla , Jacobson-Dickman Elka 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Herein, we report a case of a 12-year-old girl who presented with diabetic ketoacidosis and a leukemoid reaction. Although this association has been described in a few adult patients, pediatric cases have not been reported. A leukemoid reaction is commonly defined as an elevation in the white blood cell count greater than 50,000/μL in response to severe illness or stress other than hematologic malignancy; it is considered to be mediated by various hormones, cytokines, and factors that are released in response to inciting triggers, such as acidosis. As highlighted in our report, distinguishing a benign leukemoid reaction from a hematologic malignancy and even tumor lysis syndrome, particularly in a setting of diabetic ketoacidosis, is crucial to ensuring safe and efficacious therapeutic interventions.
Optimal support strategy for mechanical systems under contract realm
Authors: Asjad Mohammad , Kulkarni Makarand S , Gandhi O P 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) start providing support to products that helped them in sustaining their business worldwide. The customers are entering into contracts with the OEM, to get the required level of performance but at minimum possible cost. It required the work distribution between OEM/service provider and the client, and may formalize through contract. The contract structure depends upon the number of player involved (customer, OEM and third party) and the support activity. The different contract alternatives can be formulated and the best one may be selected on the basis of minimum Life cycle cost. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach– In this work, mathematical models are developed; which are implemented on a real life problem. The developed models are optimized in context to preventive maintenance schedule.Findings– In this research, important issues are listed; research steps and mathematical models are presented. The problem has been identified from the literature perspective for mechanical systems. A methodology for formulating and selecting the optimal contract structure is also proposed. The model has been implemented on a real life problem, in which the OEMs provide support to their make installed at Compressed Natural Gas workstation in National Capital Region, India.Originality/value– The research results of this paper will contribute both academic and empirical value.
An upscale theory of thermal-mechanical coupling particle simulation for non-isothermal problems in two-dimensional quasi-static system
Authors: Xia Ming 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present an upscale theory of the thermal-mechanical coupling particle simulation for non-isothermal problems in two-dimensional quasi-static system, under which a small length-scale particle model can exactly reproduce the same mechanical and thermal results with that of a large length-scale one.

Design/methodology/approach
– The objective is achieved by extending the upscale theory of particle simulation for two-dimensional quasi-static problems from an isothermal system to a non-isothermal one.

Findings
– Five similarity criteria, namely geometric, material (mechanical and thermal) properties, gravity acceleration, (mechanical and thermal) time steps, thermal initial and boundary conditions (Dirichlet/Neumann boundary conditions), under which a small-length-scale particle model can exactly reproduce both the mechanical and thermal behavior with that of a large length-scale model for non-isothermal problems in a two-dimensional quasi-static system are proposed. Furthermore, to test the proposed upscale theory, two typical examples subjected to different thermal boundary conditions are simulated using two particle models of different length scale.

Originality/value
– The paper provides some important theoretical guidances to modeling thermal-mechanical coupled problems at both the engineering length scale (i.e. the meter scale) and the geological length scale (i.e. the kilometer scale) using the particle simulation method directly. The related simulation results from two typical examples of significantly different length scales (i.e. a meter scale and a kilometer scale) have demonstrated the usefulness and correctness of the proposed upscale theory for simulating non-isothermal problems in two-dimensional quasi-static system.
Analytical target cascading using ensemble of surrogates for engineering design problems
Authors: Jiang Zheng , Qiu Haobo , Zhao Ming , Zhang Shizhan , Gao Liang 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– In multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO), if the relationships between design variables and some output parameters, which are important performance constraints, are complex implicit problems, plenty of time should be spent on computationally expensive simulations to identify whether the implicit constraints are satisfied with the given design variables during the optimization iteration process. The purpose of this paper is to propose an ensemble of surrogates-based analytical target cascading (ESATC) method to tackle such MDO engineering design problems with reduced computational cost and high optimization accuracy.Design/methodology/approach– Different surrogate models are constructed based on the sample point sets obtained by Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) method. Then, according to the error metric of each surrogate model, the repeated ensemble of surrogates is constructed to approximate the implicit objective functions and constraints. Under the framework of analytical target cascading (ATC), the MDO problem is decomposed into several optimization subproblems and the function of analysis module of each subproblem is simulated by repeated ensemble of surrogates, working together to find the optimum solution.Findings– The proposed method shows better modeling accuracy and robustness than other individual surrogate model-based ATC method. A numerical benchmark problem and an industrial case study of the structural design of a super heavy vertical lathe machine tool are utilized to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.Originality/value– This paper integrates a repeated ensemble method with ATC strategy to construct the ESATC framework which is an effective method to solve MDO problems with implicit constraints and black-box objectives.
An heir for a business at Kurniawan security: a mere baton passing?
Authors: Kheng Yeoh Khar , June Sethela , Mohamed Shaik Dawood Raja 
Published: September 2015

Subject area
Family business

Study level/applicability
This case study is relevant for undergraduate and post-graduate degrees, specifically in the field of entrepreneurship. This case can be applied in the family business and entrepreneurship module.

Case overview
This case highlights the issue of succession planning in a family business. It describes the problem faced by the founder of a security service company, Kurniawan Security Services Sdn Bhd., in handing over his business to his sons. The case depicts the occurrence of conflicts as one of the common problems in running a family business which, in the end, may affect the perpetuity of the business concerns.

Expected learning outcomes
Upon completion of the case analysis, students should be able to explain the concept of entrepreneurship in the context of a family business, discuss the issue of succession planning commonly associated with running a family business, analyse critically the nature of conflicts that may occur in a family business and suggest how the problem(s) can be attempted to be solved from within the business management perspectives.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.
Enabling practitioners working with young people who self-harm
Authors: Foster Celeste , Birch Lynsey , Allen Shelly , Rayner Gillian 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to outline a UK-based interdisciplinary workforce development project that had the aim of improving service delivery for children and young people who self-harm or are feeling suicidal.

Design/methodology/approach
– This innovative practice-higher-education partnership utilised an iterative consultation process to establish the local workforce need and then facilitated the systematic synthesis and presentation of evidence-based clinical guidelines in a practical format, for staff working directly with young people who self-harm in non-mental health settings.

Findings
– The development, content and structure of this contextualised resource is presented, along with emerging outcomes and learning from the team. It is anticipated that this may also be a useful strategy and resource for other teams in other areas and is intended to provide a template that can be adapted by other localities to meet the specific needs of their own workforce.

Practical implications
– The paper demonstrates how higher education-practice partnerships can make clinical guidelines and research evidence in a field often thought of as highly specialist, accessible to all staff. It also shows a process of liaison and enhanced understanding across universal/specialist mental health service thresholds.

Originality/value
– This paper demonstrates how collaborative partnerships can work to bridge the gap between evidence-based guidelines and their implementation in practice, through innovative multi-agency initiatives.
Capturing experiences as they happen: diary data collection for social marketing
Authors: Burton Suzan , Nesbit Paul 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– This study aims to show how diary-style voice recordings can be used to provide social marketers with greater insights into the influences on behaviour than those obtained from interviews. Diary data have the potential to provide deeper insight into the causes of behaviour than can be obtained from retrospective interviews or surveys.

Design/methodology/approach
– Data were collected from 31 smokers and attempting quitters exploring their attributions for smoking and cigarette purchase, using both face-to face interviews and event-contingent voice recordings over a four-day period, with participants asked to make a recording whenever they were tempted to smoke or buy cigarettes.

Findings
– Voice recordings provided additional insights into the influences on smoking and cigarette purchase compared to face-to-face interviews. In particular, voice recordings appeared to provide insight into prompts for purchase and smoking that were not recalled during interviews, and, for some respondents, gave them greater control over unwanted behaviour.

Research limitations/implications
– The study relies on participants’ self-reports, and individuals may be unaware of some of the influences on their behaviour.

Practical implications
– The study shows that voice-recordings offer a novel method of obtaining insight into subtle influences on consumer behaviour that are insufficiently salient to be recalled in retrospective interviews.

Originality/value
– The study shows the value of voice recordings for providing near-real-time insights into triggers for different behaviours, and offers potential for extending the method into other areas of social marketing.