bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
4D-Seismic and Reservoir Simulation To Map Bypassed Oil in Brown Field Development at Western Indian Offshore
Authors: Mitra Partha Pratim , Verma Shailendra Kumar 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Conventionally, reservoir simulation is being used for studying the reservoir dynamics and identification of areas of by-passed oil. However, just as the interpretation from time-lapse is dependent on acquisition and processing conditioning, the results of the simulation study are dependent on the accuracy of the model which invariably has large scale uncertainty and ambiguity. 4D seismic, inspite of all its current limitations in carbonates, is providing another independent input in identification of bypassed oil locales. Carbonate reservoir with lower rock compressibility in general, is less sensitive to changes in fluid properties and saturation induced acoustic velocity changes. However the presence of permeability and heterogeneity within carbonate can cause significant velocity change under certain condition. A properly conditioned 4D seismic data gives a meaningful representation of the fluid dynamics and reliable estimates of saturation change.
The paper presents an integrated study of 4D seismic and reservoir simulation, carried out over one of the western offshore fields of India. Karstified Eocene carbonate is the main producer with varying degree of reservoir heterogeneity. The reservoir is developed with peripheral water injection. All the structural and property modeling features of the static model have been incorporated in a fine-grid full field simulation model. The cell dimension has been kept as 150m x 150m with 3m to 4m thickness in the main zone of interest in order to have a more representative heterogeneous model which will simulate the reservoir fluid movements more precisely. Performance history match has been carried out with over ten years of historical data. From history match the communicating and sealing nature of different faults has been inferred. Areas of good and poor horizontal and vertical communication have been identified. The simulation model was then studied with difference volume from 4D seismic. A considerably good match of two different datasets was observed which raised the confidence level in mapping bypassed oil and in placement of infill wells for brown field development. Performance prediction carried out on this model indicates that oil recovery by 2020 AD is likely to be 2 % more than that anticipated in the earlier study.
Design and Evaluation of Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation of Gas and Coal Bed Methane Reservoirs Under Complex Geology and Stress Conditions
Authors: Valencia Karen Joy Legaspino , Chen Zhixi , Rahman Sheikh S. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
As exploitation of unconventional resources such as coalbed methane (CBM) reservoirs becomes increasingly essential, there is a growing need to develop hydraulic fracture treatment design for these reservoirs with complex geology and stress conditions. Conventional methodologies have failed to address the difficulties involved in the design and execution of fracture treatments in these complex conditions. These include unrestricted height growth breaking through the roof and floor of the coal seam, massive fluid loss as a consequence of the high leak-off formation and poroelastic effects. This paper presents an integrated approach to optimise hydraulic fracture treatments and addresses the associated problems encountered during the hydraulic fracturing process.
A 3D poroelastic, finite element based numerical design tool has been developed to describe the fracture geometry for given reservoir and operating conditions. This is coupled with a production model appropriately quantifying the post-frac productivity of a CBM reservoir. Finally, cost analysis is carried out to optimise design parameters against different production scenarios using a hybrid genetic-evolutionary optimisation tool.
Our study has shown a significant improvement in understanding the fracture containment mechanisms and impact of poroelastic effects in stimulating CBM reservoirs. Furthermore, results of this study demonstrate that use of an integrated approach in the design of hydraulic fracture treatments results in a higher yield and cost-effective exploitation of CBM prospects.

Introduction
Exploitation of unconventional resources such as coal bed methane reservoirs is motivated by the growing demand for hydrocarbon supply. This calls for a cost-effective stimulation methodology to maximise profit derived from these resources. Due to their characteristic difference with the conventional oil and gas reservoirs, largely accepted norms in the hydraulic fracturing literature are in many ways inadequate to address problems associated with hydraulic fracture stimulation in CBM reservoirs. In particular, the complexity in stimulating CBM reservoirs stems from the highly heterogeneous nature of their in-situ stress distribution and their naturally fractured and high leak-off characteristics. Furthermore, their production mechanism is significantly different from conventional gas wells since dewatering is required to lower the reservoir pressure and allow gas to desorb. When fracturing CBM reservoirs, abnormally high treating pressures often occur. In addition, stress barriers restricting fracture height growth may be inexistent.
FPSO Experience in Deepwater West Africa - The Design One, Build Two Strategy
Authors: Waters Lisa B. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The "Design One, Build Two" strategy has been employed for recent West Africa Deepwater Developments including the large Kizomba A and B developments in Angola and smaller EPS (Early Production System) Projects such as Yoho (Nigeria), Zafiro (Equatorial Guinea) and Xikomba (Angola).When properly managed and executed, the "Design One, Build Two" strategy reduces project cycle time and cost.

Introduction
The West Africa experience has identified key project conditions that are required for successful implementation of the "Design One, Build Two" strategy. These include use of the same:–Engineering design–Engineering and fabrication contractors–Fabrication yards–Vendors and suppliers–Project leadership teams–Project management systems
From a project management point of view, the "Design One, Build Two" strategy requires different approaches as compared to traditional "stand-alone" projects. This paper explores some of these differences, including the:–Alignment of project schedules and execution plans–Required project management philosophy–Common safety and quality programs–A "No Design Change" philosophy–Use of duplicate engineering–Alignment of engineering and procurement deliverables with fabricator's construction methods–Use of real time capture of lessons learned
The "Design One, Build Two" strategy, if properly planned, managed and executed, can optimize project economics for plays with multiple large developments that have similar geologic, geographic, economic and contractual elements. The learnings realized from West Africa Deepwater applications of the "Design One, Build Two" strategy can be applied in other large oil and gas development projects.

Design One, Build Two Implementation

The Kizomba A & B FPSO Example
This paper uses construction of the Kizomba A & B Floating Production Storage Offload (FPSO) vessels as an example of the key success factors in making the "Design One, Build Two" strategy work.

Cost and Schedule Impact
For the Kizomba FPSOs, the "Design One, Build Two" strategy captured cost savings on the order of 10%. As illustrated in Figure 1, completion of Kizomba B tracked five months ahead of Kizomba A. Fabrication on the Kizomba A Project fell up to 30% behind schedule, resulting in multiple execution plan adjustments and multiple recovery plans. The Kizomba B FPSO consistently tracked the original execution plan, progress never fell behind the plan and no recovery plans were required.
Integration of Intelligent Wells With Multi-Laterals, Sand Control, and Electric Submersible Pumps
Authors: Anderson Adam Baker 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Over the last two years, the implementation of Intelligent Well Systems (IWS) has grown tremendously. In this time period IWS has progressed from being utilized only in niche cases to a wider range of applications where other completion technologies are currently utilized to maximize productivity of the well. Multi-Laterals, Sand Control and Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESPs) are the three most widely utilized technologies with which IWS must be integrated.
A number of worldwide installations have been conducted to date, with many more planned, which will necessitate integration of each of these key technologies with IWS. From the most complex Sub-Sea Deepwater IWS and Multi-laterals to the least sophisticated ESP completion, this paper will address the major technical hurdles associated with these integrations.

Intelligent Well Systems Overview
Intelligent Well Systems (IWS) have been available since the 1990's with many successful documented case histories1.The basic intent of an IWS completion is to provide the ability to independently and remotely monitor and control production from each zone of a multi-zone well. In essence each zone can be treated as an individual well with the ability to continuously monitor production and then make decisions about choking back or shutting off production without significantly impacting production from other zones. This capability has been well documented to enhance well economics.
An IWS completion consists of the following basic components:Remotely Operated Control ValvePermanent Downhole GaugesProduction and Isolation PackersControl LinesSurface Control System
The Remotely Operated Control Valve provides the basic control functionality and can be remotely controlled from surface to open, close or choke a given interval.
The Permanent Downhole Gauge (PDG) System provides the data that is necessary to make control decisions. In the most basic systems the PDG will provide single point pressure and temperature, but in more sophisticated systems, mutil-point pressure/temperature, mass flow, water cut, density, distributed temperature and even phase flow measurements can be utilized.
Inventory of Rare, Endangered and Threatened (RET) Plant Species in Maruthamalai Hills, Western Ghats of Tamilnadu, South India
Authors: Subbaiyan B. , Samydurai P. , Prabu M. Karthik , Ramakrishnan R. , Thangapandian V. 
Published: March 2015

The present study deal with identification of rare, endanger and threatened plants in Maruthamalai Hills, part of Southern Western Ghats of Coimbatore District, Tamilnadu. In this investigation 30 rare, endangered and threatened (RET) plant species belongs to 15 families were identified and documented. Names of plants and RET category was gathered from IUCN annual reports and standard research articles. Enumerated plants were categorized in rare, endangered, endemic and threatened, species such as Caralluma bicolor, Terminalia arjuna, Ceropegia juncea, Rubia cordifolia, Celastrus paniculatus, Gloriosa suberpa, Gymnema sylvestres and so on. Finally it has been suggested that the RET medicinal plants are need to be proper conservation and management plans before it lost forever. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v12i1.12255Our Nature (2014), 12(1): 37-43.
Vanishing Acts: Sarah Kane’s Texts for Performance and Postdramatic Theatre
Authors: Roberts Matthew 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT: Written as texts for performance, Sarah Kane’s Crave and 4.48 Psychosis challenge the traditional dichotomy between dramatic literature and performance and reveal that the concept of presence often determines the authority that is invested either in performance or in text whenever the two are opposed. If we take Hans-Thies Lehmann’s elucidation of the “performance text” seriously, Kane’s notion of a text for performance provides the opportunity to rethink the text from within a postdramatic context, naming how complex aesthetic variables (including, but not limited to, printed content) interact to create a theatrical work. Yet, while performance influenced Kane’s effort to make theatre, her last two works question more traditional conceptualizations of performance as a present event that may refer to life itself. Kane, therefore, offers an opportunity to rethink performance postdramatically, whereby performance may be defined as the assemblage of a text that gives time and space to present life’s deferral.
Un traité de polémique christiano-arabe contre les Juifs attribué à « Abraham de Tibériade »
Authors: Vajda Georges 
Published: March 2015

Cet article analyse une pièce inédite et incomplète copiée dans le manuscrit arabe 4924 de la collection Chester-Beatty à Dublin : c'est un dialogue fictif, situé à Jérusalem, entre un moine chrétien et des Juifs, composé probablement dans un milieu monastique nestorien au plus tôt vers la seconde moitié du Xe siècle. Outre les testimonia agencés pour les besoins de la cause, l'opuscule fait état, argument assez banal lui aussi, de la déchéance sociale des Juifs.
Les citations bibliques mises en œuvre posent des problèmes textuels non entièrement résolus.
La « Section de l'Humanisme » à l'Institut de Recherche et d'Histoire des Textes
Authors: Bayle Édith 
Published: March 2015

La Section de l'Humanisme, créée en 1954 par Mlle Vielliard, a reçu pour mission de « rassembler une documentation bio-bibliographique sur les humanistes de tous les pays, du XIVe au XVIIe siècle ».
Elle rassemble dans son « Répertoire des humanistes » des données biographiques et bibliographiques concernant plus de 30.000 personnages. Elle assure depuis 1966 la rédaction de la « Bibliographie internationale de l'Humanisme et de la Renaissance » avec la collaboration d'un nombre croissant de pays.
Elle participe, avec l'accord de la Direction générale des Bibliothèques, à un projet de « Recensement des livres anciens des bibliothèques françaises », objet de la R. G. P. 207 du C. N. R. S. Elle étudie l'emploi d'un ordinateur, pour préparer un catalogue collectif de livres anciens, et s'attache aux problèmes de classification notionnelle.
Perioperative risk factors for surgical site infection in tibial tuberosity advancement: 224 stifles
Authors: Yap F. W. , Smith K.D. , Parkin T. , Calvo I. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryObjective: To examine perioperative factors affecting surgical site infection (SSI) rate following tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA).Study design: Retrospective case series.Sample population: 224 stifles in 186 dogs.Methods: Medical records of dogs that underwent TTA in a single institution were reviewed. Information on signalment anaesthetic and surgical parameters, as well as occurrence of SSI was recorded. Dogs were followed for a minimum of three months postoperatively. The association between perioperative factors and SSI was assessed usingChi-squared tests and binary logistic regression.Results: The prevalence of SSI was 5.3% (12/224 TTA). Surgical time (p = 0.02) and anaesthesia time (p = 0.03) were significantly associated with SSI. For every minute increase in surgical time and anaesthesia time, the likelihood of developing SSI increased by seven percent and four percent respectively. The use of postoperative antimicrobial therapy was not significantly associated with lower SSI (p = 0.719). Implants were removed in 1.3% of cases (3/224 TTA).Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that increased surgical and anaesthesia times are significant risk factors for SSI in TTA, and that there is no evidence that postoperative prophylactic antimicrobial therapy is associated with SSI rate.
Femoroacetabular Impingement: Current Concepts in Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Amanatullah Derek F. , Antkowiak Tomasz , Pillay Krushen , Patel Jay , Refaat Motasem , Toupadakis Chrisoula A. , Jamali Amir A. 
Published: March 2015

Educational Objectives

As a result of reading this article, physicians should be able to:

1.
Identify the etiology of femoroacetabular impingement.

2.
Assess femoroacetabular impingement on physical examination.

3.
Recognize femoroacetabular impingement on imaging studies.

4.
Discuss modern techniques to effectively treat femoroacetabular impingement, both open and arthroscopic.

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a recently proposed concept describing abnormal anatomic relationships within the hip joint that may lead to articular damage. Impingement is caused by bony deformities or spatial malorientation of the femoral head-neck junction and/or the acetabulum. These abnormalities lead to pathologic contact and shearing forces at the acetabular labrum and cartilage during physiological hip motion. There is an increasing body of evidence that these forces lead to cartilage wear and eventual osteoarthritis. Treatment options for FAI are evolving rapidly. Although the gold standard remains open hip dislocation, arthroscopic techniques have shown significant promise. It is possible that early recognition and treatment of subtle deformity about the hip may reduce the rate of hip osteoarthritis in the future. [
Orthopedics.
2015; 38(3):185–199.]
The Professional Socialization of the Graduate Assistant Athletic Trainer
Authors: Mazerolle Stephanie M. , Eason Christianne M. , Clines Stephanie , Pitney William A. 
Published: March 2015

ContextThe graduate assistant athletic trainer (AT) position often serves as one's first experience working independently as an AT and is also an important aspect of the professional socialization process. The socialization experiences of graduate assistant ATs have yet to be fully explored.ObjectiveTo understand the socialization process for graduate assistant ATs during their graduate experience.DesignQualitative study.SettingWe conducted phone interviews with all participants.Patients or Other ParticipantsA total of 25 graduate assistant ATs (20 women, 5 men) studying in 1 of 3 academic tracks: (1) accredited postprofessional athletic training program (n = 8), (2) postprofessional athletic training program (n = 11), or (3) a nonathletic training degree program (n = 6). The average age was 25 ± 5 years, and the median age was 24 years. Participants were certified by the Board of Certification for an average of 2 ± 0.4 years.Data Collection and AnalysisWe analyzed the data using a general inductive approach. Peer review, field notes, and intercoder reliability established trustworthiness. Data saturation guided participant recruitment.ResultsThe ability to gain clinical independence as a practitioner was an important socialization process. Having the chance to develop a relationship with a mentor, who provided support, guidance, and more of a hierarchical relationship, was an important socializing agent for the graduate assistant AT. Participants used the orientation session as a means to understand the expectations and role of the graduate-assistant position. Academic coursework was a way to achieve better inductance into the role via the opportunity to apply classroom skills during their clinical practice.ConclusionsSocializing the graduate assistant blends formal and informal processes. Transition to practice is a critical aspect of the profession; thus, supporting autonomous practice with directed mentoring can promote professional maturity.
Imperialism, ANZAC nationalism and the Aboriginal experience of warfare
Authors: Gibson Padraic John 
Published: March 2015

Aboriginal protest played a key role in undermining the celebratory settler-nationalism of the bicentennial in 1988. In the lead up to another major nationalist mobilisation, the centenary of the Gallipoli invasion on ANZAC Day 2015, extensive official efforts are being made to incorporate Aboriginal experiences into the day, through celebration of the role of Aboriginal people who served in Australia’s armed forces. This article provides a critical analysis of the 2014 NAIDOC theme as a way of exploring some of the tensions in this process. The NAIDOC theme, ‘Serving Country: Centenary and Beyond’, presented a continuity between Aboriginal soldiers in WW1 and Aboriginal warriors who fought in defence of their land during the 19th Century Frontier Wars. In contrast, this article argues that the real historical continuity is between the massacres on the frontier, which often involved Aboriginal troopers fighting for the colonial powers, and the invasions undertaken by Australian soldiers in WW1. New research documenting the horrific scale on which Aboriginal people were killed by Native Police in Queensland in the second half of the 19th Century is integrated with studies of the political economy of Australian settler-capitalism in this period. This analysis is used to demonstrate how capitalist class interests drove both the Frontier Wars and the development of an Australian regional empire, which was consolidated by the mobilisation of Australian troops in WW1.
Indications for blood transfusion following trauma - a pilot study
Authors: Ilancheran Arun , Rahman Fatima , Mitra Biswadev 
Published: March 2015

Background:Indications for blood transfusion during trauma resuscitation remain poorly understood. This study aimed to objectively determine the range of factors that lead to initiation of blood transfusion during trauma resuscitation.Design and method:This was a prospective, observational pilot study. A questionnaire was distributed to all clinicians following any transfusion of packed red blood cells during trauma resuscitation. The questionnaire focused on the clinicians’ opinion regarding the indication for red cell transfusion.Results:Complete data on 37 individual episodes of transfusion initiation in the Emergency Department were collected. The most commonly used pre-hospital factors that influenced initiation of transfusion was a pre-hospital systolic blood pressure (SBP) of < 100 mm Hg (65%), pre-hospital tachycardia (38%) or estimated blood loss of >1 L (30%) by paramedics. On arrival to hospital, the activation of a massive transfusion protocol was the commonest indication for transfusion, followed by a positive FAST examination (43%), low systolic blood pressure (35%), tachycardia (32%) or pallor (35%). Blood tests to guide initiation of transfusion were less commonly used with 9 (24%) patients transfused for a low haemoglobin level and 6 (16%) patients transfused for coagulopathy.Conclusions:A combination of objective pre- and in-hospital vital signs, together with subjective indicators such as pallor and estimation of blood loss guided initiation of transfusion following injury.
Onverdoofd ritueel slachten getoetst aan het EVRM: het Deense verbod als Europees vraagstuk
Authors: van der Schyff Gerhard 
Published: March 2015

Unstunned ritual slaugther in Denemark
According to the tenets of Judaism and Islam, animals must be slaughtered without any form of stunning. Stunning is often required to alleviate an animal’s suffering when it is killed. Legislation that requires stunning without exempting ritual slaughter leads to an interference with religious freedom that calls for closer justification. With reference to recent legislation in Denmark, this contribution analyses whether blanket stunning can be said to violate the right to freedom of religion in article 9 of the ECHR.