bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review of the Factors that Patients Use to Choose their Surgeon
Authors: Yahanda Alexander T. , Lafaro Kelly J. , Spolverato Gaya , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundGiven surgery’s inherent risks, a patient should be able to make the most informed decisions possible in selecting surgical treatment. However, there is little information on what factors patients deem important when choosing a surgeon. We performed a systematic review of the literature focused on how patients select surgical care, focusing on identification of factors that influence patient choice as well as important sources of information used by patients.MethodsA search of all available literature on factors associated with choice of surgeon/surgical care, as well as sources of information used by patients before undergoing surgery, was conducted using the MEDLINE/PubMed electronic database.ResultsOf the 2315 publications identified, 86 studies met inclusion criteria. Overall, patients draw upon a wide range of factors when choosing surgical care. Surgeon reputation and competency stood out as the most valued professional attributes. Patients also often selected surgeons based on their interpersonal skills. Many patients chose surgical care using hospital, rather than surgeon, characteristics. For these patients, hospital reputation and hospital distance were factors of primary importance. Importantly, most patients relied on word‐of‐mouth and physician referrals when choosing a surgeon. Patients also expressed interest in quality information on surgeons, indicating that these data would be useful in decision‐making.ConclusionsPatients draw upon a myriad of factors when choosing a surgeon and the circumstances surrounding patients’ decisions maybe differ based on sociodemographic, cultural, as well as other factors. Additional information on how patients choose surgeons or hospitals will help providers assist patients in finding their preferred caregivers.
Trends in the psychopharmacological treatment of bipolar disorder: a nationwide register-based study
Authors: Bjørklund Louise , Horsdal Henriette Thisted , Mors Ole , Østergaard Søren Dinesen , Gasse Christiane 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveIn bipolar disorder, treatment with antidepressants without concomitant use of mood stabilisers (antidepressant monotherapy) is associated with development of mania and rapid cycling and is therefore not recommended. The present study aimed to investigate the psychopharmacological treatment patterns in bipolar disorder over time, with a focus on antidepressant monotherapy.MethodsCohort study with annual cross-sectional assessment of the use of psychotropic medications between 1995 and 2012 for all Danish residents aged 10 years or older with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder registered in the Danish Psychiatric Central Research Register. Users of a given psychotropic medication were defined as individuals having filled at least one prescription for that particular medication in the year of interest.ResultsWe identified 20 618 individuals with bipolar disorder. The proportion of patients with bipolar disorder using antidepressants, atypical antipsychotics and anticonvulsants increased over the study period, while the proportion of patients using lithium, typical antipsychotics and benzodiazepines/sedatives decreased. The proportion of patients treated with antidepressant monotherapy decreased from 20.5% in 1997 to 12.1% in 2012, and among antidepressant users, the proportion in monotherapy decreased from 47.7% to 23.9%, primarily driven by a decrease in the use of tricyclic antidepressants.ConclusionThe results show an increase in the proportion of patients with bipolar disorder being treated with antidepressants in the period from 1997 to 2012. However, in accordance with international treatment guidelines, the extent of antidepressant monotherapy decreased during the same period.
Diffusion and protection across a random graph
Authors: GALEOTTI ANDREA , ROGERS BRIAN W. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe study the interplay between the diffusion of a harmful state in a network of contacts and the possibility of individual agents to undertake costly investment to protect themselves against infection. We characterize how equilibrium diffusion outcomes, such as the immunization rate, total prevalence and welfare, respond to changes in the architecture of the network, and show that these responses depend on the details of the diffusion process.
Canine echinococcosis: genetic diversity ofEchinococcus granulosussensu stricto (s.s.) from definitive hosts
Authors: Boufana B. , Lett W. , Lahmar S. , Griffiths A. , Jenkins D.J. , Buishi I. , Engliez S.A. , Alrefadi M.A. , Eljaki A.A. , Elmestiri F.M. , Reyes M.M. , Pointing S. , Al-Hindi A. , Torgerson P.R. , Okamoto M. , Craig P.S. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractCanids, particularly dogs, constitute the major source of cystic echinococcosis (CE) infection to humans, with the majority of cases being caused byEchinococcus granulosus(G1 genotype). Canine echinococcosis is an asymptomatic disease caused by adult tapeworms ofE. granulosussensu lato (s.l.). Information on the population structure and genetic variation of adultE. granulosusis limited. Using sequenced data of the mitochondrial cytochromecoxidase subunit 1 (cox1) we examined the genetic diversity and population structure of adult tapeworms ofE. granulosus(G1 genotype) from canid definitive hosts originating from various geographical regions and compared it to that reported for the larval metacestode stage from sheep and human hosts.Echinococcus granulosus(s.s) was identified from adult tapeworm isolates from Kenya, Libya, Tunisia, Australia, China, Kazakhstan, United Kingdom and Peru, including the first known molecular confirmation from Gaza and the Falkland Islands. Haplotype analysis showed a star-shaped network with a centrally positioned common haplotype previously described for the metacestode stage from sheep and humans, and the neutrality indices indicated population expansion. Low Fst values suggested that populations of adultE. granulosuswere not genetically differentiated. Haplotype and nucleotide diversities forE. granulosusisolates from sheep and human origin were twice as high as those reported from canid hosts. This may be related to self-fertilization ofE. granulosusand/or to the longevity of the parasite in the respective intermediate and definitive hosts. Improved nuclear single loci are required to investigate the discrepancies in genetic variation seen in this study.
Partnership Program for long-term care insurance: the right model for addressing uncertainties with the future?
Authors: BERGQUIST SAVANNAH , COSTA-FONT JOAN , SWARTZ KATHERINE 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTPublic policies that provide incentives for higher middle-income people to purchase private long-term care insurance (LTCI) have been proposed as a way to shield large numbers of middle-income people from the risk of needing costly long-term care. A proposal to promote purchases of private LTCI that has gained modest traction in the United States of America is the Partnership Program. The structure and public–private nature of the Partnership Programs are reviewed along with the trends in sales of both regular private LTCI policies and Partnership LTCI policies to show that both experienced low purchase rates. Implementation efforts for the Partnership Programs were very modest, in part because many were launched when the Affordable Care Act was passed. At the same time, several well-known insurers withdrew from selling private LTCI. Understanding why the Partnership Program is not a success provides lessons for other counties interested in creating similar public–private ventures.
Nonlinear increase of X-ray intensities from thin foils irradiated with a 200 TW femtosecond laser
Authors: Faenov A. Ya. , Colgan J. , Hansen S. B. , Zhidkov A. , Pikuz T. A. , Nishiuchi M. , Pikuz S. A. , Skobelev I. Yu. , Abdallah J. , Sakaki H. , Sagisaka A. , Pirozhkov A. S. , Ogura K. , Fukuda Y. , Kanasaki M. , Hasegawa N. , Nishikino M. , Kando M. , Watanabe Y. , Kawachi T. , Masuda S. , Hosokai T. , Kodama R. , Kondo K. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe report, for the first time, that the energy of femtosecond optical laser pulses,E, with relativistic intensitiesI > 1021  W/cm2is efficiently converted to X-ray radiation, which is emitted by “hot” electron component in collision-less processes and heats the solid density plasma periphery. As shown by direct high-resolution spectroscopic measurements X-ray radiation from plasma periphery exhibits unusual non-linear growth ~E4–5of its power. The non-linear power growth occurs far earlier than the known regime when the radiation reaction dominates particle motion (RDR). Nevertheless, the radiation is shown to dominate the kinetics of the plasma periphery, changing in this regime (now labeled RDKR) the physical picture of the laser plasma interaction. Although in the experiments reported here we demonstrated by observation of KK hollow ions that X-ray intensities in the keV range exceeds ~1017  W/cm2, there is no theoretical limit of the radiation power. Therefore, such powerful X-ray sources can produce and probe exotic material states with high densities and multiple inner-shell electron excitations even for higherZelements. Femtosecond laser-produced plasmas may thus provide unique ultra-bright X-ray sources, for future studies of matter in extreme conditions, material science studies and radiography of biological systems.
Selective Negative Allosteric Modulation Of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors – A Structural Perspective of Ligands and Mutants
Authors: Harpsøe Kasper , Isberg Vignir , Tehan Benjamin G. , Weiss Dahlia , Arsova Angela , Marshall Fiona H. , Bräuner-Osborne Hans , Gloriam David E. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe metabotropic glutamate receptors have a wide range of modulatory functions in the central nervous system. They are among the most highly pursued drug targets, with relevance for several neurological diseases and a number of allosteric modulators have entered clinical trials. However, so far this has not led to a marketed drug, largely because of the difficulties in achieving subtype-selective compounds with desired properties. Very recently the first crystal structures were published for the transmembrane domain of two metabotropic glutamate receptors in complex with negative allosteric modulators. In this analysis, we make the first comprehensive structural comparison of all metabotropic glutamate receptors, placing selective negative allosteric modulators and critical mutants into the detailed context of the receptor binding sites. A better understanding of how the different mGlu allosteric modulator binding modes relates to selective pharmacological actions will be very valuable for rational design of safer drugs.
Detection of Langat virus by TaqMan real-time one-step qRT-PCR method
Authors: Muhd Radzi Siti Fatimah , Rückert Claudia , Sam Sing-Sin , Teoh Boon-Teong , Jee Pui-Fong , Phoon Wai-Hong , Abubakar Sazaly , Zandi Keivan 
Published: September 2015

AbstractLangat virus (LGTV), one of the members of the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) complex, was firstly isolated from Ixodes granulatus ticks in Malaysia. However, the prevalence of LGTV in ticks in the region remains unknown. Surveillance for LGTV is therefore important and thus a tool for specific detection of LGTV is needed. In the present study, we developed a real-time quantitative reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for rapid detection of LGTV. Our findings showed that the developed qRT-PCR could detect LGTV at a titre as low as 0.1 FFU/ml. The detection limit of the qRT-PCR assay at 95% probability was 0.28 FFU/ml as determined by probit analysis (p ≤ 0.05). Besides, the designed primers and probe did not amplify ORF of the E genes for some closely related and more pathogenic viruses including TBEV, Louping ill virus, Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus (OHFV), Alkhurma virus (ALKV), Kyasanur Forest Disease virus (KFDV) and Powassan virus (POWV) which showed the acceptable specificity of the developed assay. The sensitivity of the developed method also has been confirmed by determining the LGTV in infected tick cell line as well as LGTV- spiked tick tissues.
Screening for recombinants of Crambe abyssinica after transformation by the pMF1 marker-free vector based on chemical selection and meristematic regeneration
Authors: Qi Weicong , Tinnenbroek-Capel Iris E. M. , Salentijn Elma M. J. , Schaart Jan G. , Cheng Jihua , Denneboom Christel , Zhang Zhao , Zhang Xiaolin , Zhao Han , Visser Richard G. F. , Huang Bangquan , Van Loo Eibertus N. , Krens Frans A. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe T-DNA region of pMF1 vector of marker-free system developed by Wageningen UR, has Recombinase R-LBD gene fusion and nptII and codA gene fusion between two recombination sites. After transformation applying dexamethasone (DEX) can activate the recombinase to remove the T-DNA fragment between recombination sites. The recombinant ought to be selected on 5-fluorocytocine (5-FC) because of codA converting 5-FC into 5-fluorouracil the toxic. A PMF1 vector was transformed into hexaploid species Crambe abyssinica. Two independent transformants were chosen for DEX-induced recombination and later 5-FC selection. In contrast to earlier pMF1 experiments, the strategy of stepwise selection based on meristematic regeneration was engaged. After a long period of 5-FC selection, recombinants were obtained successfully, but most of the survivors were wildtype and non-recombinant. The results revealed when applying the PMF1 marker-free system on C. abyssinica, 1) Increasing in the DEX concentration did not correspondingly enhance the success of recombination; 2) both of the DEX-induced recombination and 5-FC negative selection were apparently insufficient which was leading to the extremely high frequency in chimerism occurring for recombinant and non-recombinant cells in tissues; 3) the strategy of stepwise selection based on meristem tissue regeneration was crucial for successfully isolating the recombinant germplasm from the chimera.
VirtualMicroscopy: ultra-fast interactive microscopy of gigapixel/terapixel images over internet
Authors: Wang Ching-Wei , Huang Cheng-Ta , Hung Chu-Mei 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAs digital imaging technology advances, gigapixel or terapixel super resolution microscopic images become available. We have built a real time virtual microscopy technique for interactive analysis of super high resolution microscopic images over internet on standard desktops, laptops or mobile devices. The presented virtual microscopy technique is demonstrated to perform as fast as using a microscopy locally without any delay to assess gigapixel ultra high resolution image data through wired or wireless internet by a Tablet or a standard PC. More importantly, the presented technology enables analysis of super high resolution microscopic image across sites and time and allows multi-person analysis at the same time, which greatly speed up data analysis process and reduces miscommunication among scientists and doctors. A web site has been created for illustration purposes. (http://www-o.ntust.edu.tw/~cweiwang/VirtualMicroscopy).
Conjunctiva-Sparing Posterior Ptosis Surgery: A Novel Approach
Authors: Vrcek Ivan , Hogan Robert N. , Rossen Jennifer , Mancini Ronald 
Published: September 2015

Purpose:
Müller’s muscle conjunctiva resection is a well-established means of correcting blepharoptosis. The primary objective of this prospective study was to determine if modifying Müller’s muscle conjunctiva resection by sparing the conjunctiva would accomplish successful repair while allowing patients to retain their conjunctiva. The potential advantages of preserving conjunctiva are significant and include: conservation of an anatomically normal tissue, retention of goblet cells, reduction of suture-related complications such as corneal irritation or abrasion as the conjunctiva covers the suture during postoperative healing, and preservation of conjunctiva for potential future surgical procedures critical to ocular health.

Methods:
This is a prospective study enrolling patients with mild to moderate ptosis.

Results:
The procedure has been performed in 18 patients and 30 eyelids. Follow up at 1 week revealed normal healing with expected postoperative edema and ecchymosis. Notably, all patients were free of any corneal abrasion or irritation. Follow up at 1 month and a minimum of 3 months (average 5.7 months) revealed that all patients had satisfactory correction of their blepharoptosis with Margin Reflex Distance 1 (MRD1) improvement to within 1 mm of the anticipated goal, preserved eyelid margin contour, and good symmetry (average 0.26 mm difference in MRD1 between the sides).

Conclusion:
These results show an effective correction of blepharoptosis with a favorable cosmetic outcome and low postoperative complication rate; all while preserving the conjunctiva.
Think manager, think male? Heterosexuals’ stereotypes of gay and lesbian managers
Authors: Liberman Benjamin E. , Golom Frank D. 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to extend the “think manager, think male” research paradigm by examining managerial stereotypes as a function of both gender and sexual orientation, thus comparing the similarity of managerial stereotypes against the stereotypes of male (heterosexual and gay) and female (heterosexual and lesbian) managers.Design/methodology/approach– In total, 163 heterosexual participants used the 92-item Descriptive Index attribute inventory to rate one of five target groups: successful managers, heterosexual male managers, heterosexual female managers, gay male managers, and lesbian female managers. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the degree of correspondence between ratings of the target groups.Findings– The findings showed a higher correspondence between the descriptions of heterosexual male or female managers and the successful manager prototype than between the descriptions of gay male managers and the successful manager prototype. Additionally, results showed that the stereotypes of lesbian female managers were seen as having a moderate level of fit with the successful manager prototype.Practical implications– The results of this study suggest that heterosexuals’ beliefs about gay male and lesbian female managers’ abilities are important. In particular, heterosexuals’ stereotypes that gay males lack the qualities of being a successful manager can limit gay men’s access to positions with managerial responsibilities and impede their progress into leadership positions.Originality/value– This study addresses a critical gap in the management literature as it is the first empirical investigation to assess whether the “think manager, think male” phenomenon holds for managers who are members of sexual minority groups.
Which capitalism for Poland?
Authors: Szahaj Andrzej 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to highlight the direction of economic changes affecting the Polish economy after the political transformation of the early 1990s.

Design/methodology/approach
– First, the author defines the phenomenon of cognitive capitalism. Subsequently, the social and psychological consequences of this form of management and its ideological character are presented. Finally, the effects of the application of cognitive capitalism to the Polish reality are considered and the desirable adjustments of the Polish capitalism are suggested.

Findings
– According to the theses of the paper: the negative effects of the Polish economic transformation are largely the result of an uncritical acceptance of the Anglo-Saxon model of capitalism, and the fight against the high social costs of the functioning of market economy calls for an adjustment of the Polish economy, which would bring it closer to the Scandinavian model of capitalism.

Research limitations/implications
– The paper shows the process of economic transformation in Poland from the perspective of the changes taking place in the bosom of the western capitalism, in particular of the Anglo-Saxon type.

Practical implications
– The author of the paper suggests a number of possible adjustments to the Polish model of capitalism, in particular calling for the introduction of elements of planning and state intervention into the model, the revival of municipal and cooperative ownership, as well as the introduction of corporatist practices.

Originality/value
– The author of the paper criticizes the thesis of the inevitability of the radically liberal transformation of the Polish economy, widely accepted in the literature. Moreover, he sees the relationship between the Polish free-market changes and the processes of “cognitivization” of western capitalism.
Uses of art in the urban space
Authors: Chmielewski Adam J. 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to argue that for many urban dwellers in developed societies proximity of the arts in the urban space is not tantamount to their availability.Design/methodology/approach– The method applied is based upon the conception of capabilities and the concept of the Human Development Index; an analysis of the available cultural statistics, as well as a study of two revealing case studies, that of Bilbao, Spain and Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, as distinct and alternative examples of the employment of arts as a stimulus for the urban growth and regeneration.Findings– The findings suggest that the current urban policies are not conducive to an equal access to the arts of the urban dwellers.Originality/value– The author provides an innovative explanation of this phenomenon from his own perspective of the political aesthetics, which includes,inter alia, the concepts of the public agoraphobia, commodification and interpassivity. Making use of the distinction between the intrinsic and instrumental values, the author argues in favour of the participative approach to the arts in the urban social life, and formulates a policy recommendation according to which small- and medium-sized cities are possibly better suited to satisfy the need for the enjoyment of the arts in a more egalitarian way.