bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leucocyte migration inhibition and leucocyte adherence inhibition studies, using ferritin as ‘antigen’, in patients with malignant lymphoma
Authors: Bruce Lesley , Grail Ann , Hancock B. W. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIsoelectric focusing of ferritin prepared from three spleens involved by Hodgkin's disease demonstrated only minor differences from normal spleen ferritin. The leucocyte migration inhibition (LMI) and leucocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assays were used to assess sensitization to Hodgkin's disease spleen ferritin and its component acidic and basic isoferritins in patients with malignant lymphoma compared to patients with other malignancies and control subjects. A difference in response to ferritin was demonstrated in both tests with patients with malignant lymphoma compared to controls, and in LMI test compared to patients with other malignancies. There were also significant differences in responses in, (i) patients with malignant lymphoma compared to controls, against acidic and basic isoferritins in both tests, (ii) in lymphoma patients versus patients with other malignancies against acidic isoferritins in both tests, (iii) lymphoma versus other malignancy against basic isoferritins in the LMI test only. However, no significant differences, within each group, between responses with acidic and with basic isoferritins were demonstrated, and there was no correlation between individual patients' responses in the two tests.
Differential cytotoxicity of deoxyguanosine and 8‐aminoguanosine for human leukemic cell lines and normal bone marrow progenitor cells
Authors: De Fouw Nanneke J. , Ma David D. F. , Michalevicz Rita , Gray Douglas A. , Hoffbrand A. Victor 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe inhibitory effect of deoxyguanosine (GdR) alone or in combination with the purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) inhibitor, 8‐aminoguanosine (AG) was tested on human T, B, cALL and myeloid leukaemia cell lines and on normal human bone marrow haemopoietic progenitor cells. GdR was found to be toxic to T‐leukaemia cells. AG (100μm) alone did not have any inhibitory effect, but when used with GdR (2·5 × 10−5m) a synergistic effect was seen towards T cells. Incubation with GdR and AG resulted in a marked decrease in cell viability (> 90 per cent in three and > 75 per cent in four of 5 T leukaemic cell lines tested at 72 h). This drug combination did not inhibit the growth of non‐T leukaemic cells and was also non‐toxic to normal bone marrow multipotent progenitor cells (CFU‐GEMM) in vitro. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) acts consecutively with PNP in purine degradation. The addition of an ADA inhibitor, deoxycoformycin and deoxyadenosine, however, did not enhance the toxicity of GdR and AG for T cell leukaemia. The possibility of using GdR and AG for in vitro removal of residual T leukaemic blasts with the sparing of normal bone marrow cells, prior to autologous bone marrow transplantation should be further explored.
The effects of interferon on granulopoiesis in vitro
Authors: Müller Marianne R. , Hofmann Victor , Cogoli Marianne , Erni Jana , Arrenbrecht Stefan 
Published: January 2013

AbstractColony formation by myeloid progenitor cells (CFU‐c) in agar was inhibited to the same extent by heterogeneous human leucocyte IFN (IFN‐Le) and 2 different cloned IFN‐a2 preparations, but ∼10 times less by cloned IFN‐α1; cluster formation remained unaffected by any of the interferons. An antiproliferative effect is suggested by both lower cell yield and DNA synthesis in IFN containing liquid cultures. Incubation of cells with IFN for 18 h prior to plating with colony stimulating factor (CSF) reduced colony formation, indicating an altered responsiveness of CFU‐c to CSF. In IFN treated cultures no consistent block of morphological differentiation occurred, but granulocyte alkaline phosphatase activity was reduced. Thus, IFN may play a modulatory role on functional markers. Our results indicate that the effects observed with heterogeneous preparations are due to IFN and not to impurities and that various differentiation parameters are unequally affected by IFN.
Enhanced Ii expression after n‐butyrate treatment of a P3HR‐1 Burkitt's lymphoma subline which does not express HLA‐D
Authors: Spiro Robert C. , Sairenji Takeshi , Humphreys Robert E. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractTreatment of P3HR‐1 Burkitt's lymphoma cultured cells with 4 mM n‐butyrate for 48 h induced the abundant expression of a 35 000 dalton, microsomal membrane protein which was demonstrated to be the electrophoretically invariant Ii molecule. To prove this point, [35S]methionine‐labelled, microsomal membrane proteins or immunoprecipitates of such detergent‐solubilized proteins were subjected to electrophoresis either in SDS gels or in two‐dimensional, nonequilibrium pH gradient gels. The induced p35 molecule was judged to be Ii by molecular weight and isoelectric characteristics and by immune complex associations. The abundant expression of Ii on butyrate‐treated P3HR‐1 cells mimicked the high level of expression of p35 or Ii on leukemic cells of a subset of patients with hairy cell leukemia. Alpha and beta chains of the HLA‐D complex were absent from the P3HR‐1 cell line and present in the Jijoye parent from which mutant P3HR‐1 was derived. This relatively simple model can lead to the study of inducible synthesis, processing and expression of Ii, with or without HLA‐D alpha and beta chains.
The management of localized, infradiaphragmatic Hodgkin's disease: Experience of a rare clinical presentation at St Bartholomew's Hospital
Authors: Dorreen M. S. , Wrigley P. F. M. , Jones A. E. , Shand W. S. , Stansfeld A. G. , Lister T. A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBetween 1969 and 1982, 23 previously untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) confined to infradiaphragmatic sites were treated at St Bartholomew's Hospital. The distinguishing clinical characteristics of the patient population were a male: female ratio of 20:3. The mean age was 39 years, which was significantly older (P<0·05) than the mean age of patients with supradiaphragmatic HD (32 years) referred during the same period. Sixteen patients underwent formal pathological staging while one additional patient underwent a diagnostic laparotomy without splenectomy. The final pre‐treatment stages were PS IA: 5; PS IIA: 11; CS IIA: 1; PS IIB: 1; CS IIB 5. Splenic involvement correlated closely with the number of nodal sites involved, being detected in 1 / 7 patients with one site only compared with 8/9 with more (P<0·001).Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 21 (91 per cent) patients: 12/12 following ‘inverted Y’ radiotherapy (RT) and 9/11 following combination chemotherapy. Twenty patients remain alive and 18 continue without recurrence of HD between 15 months and 12 years. All patients who failed to enter CR or who relapsed had presented with three or more sites of involvement or with constitutional (‘B’) symptoms. These results confirm the generally good prognosis of this uncommon presentation of HD and also suggest that prognosis is determined by the bulk of disease rather than its precise anatomical localization, provided that appropriate therapy is administered.
Expression of p35 in hairy leukemic cells from Japanese patients
Authors: Shibuya Atsushi , Matsuo Yoshinobu , Sagawa Kimitaka , Katayama Isao 
Published: January 2013

AbstractSpiro and coworkers found a 35 000 dalton membrane protein (p35) expressed abundantly in hairy cells of a subset of white, American patients with hairy cell leukemia. They subsequently identified p35 to be the human homologue of murine Ii, an electrophoretically invariant protein associated with Ia molecules. Using related analytical techniques, we have studied leukemic cells of two blood and one splenic samples from three Japanese patients with hairy cell leukemia and have demonstrated abundance of p35 in the splenic and one of the blood samples. The second blood sample was negative for p35 by our method of analysis, but the same hairy cells became positive for p35 at 2 months in culture and negative again at 4 months in culture. All 3 samples of this patient (fresh hairy cells and cultured cells at 2 and 4 months) remained consistently positive for Ia and for light chain‐restricted immunoglobulin. Control cells from one each of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and Burkitt's lymphoma were negative for abundant p35 expression after culture as well as in the fresh state. One can conclude that the Japanese form of hairy cell leukemia, while varying in several distinct clinical and laboratory features from hairy cell leukemia in caucasions, is characterized also by abundant expression of p35 as seen in a subset of white patients. In addition, this expression of p35 is developed by hairy leukemic cells in culture initially but is lost upon longer term culture, in parallel with the level of tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase reactivity.
Re‐evaluation of high incidence of Hodgkin's disease in Kyushu, Japan
Authors: Tajima Kazuo , Suchi Taizan , Hirose Kaoru , Nakagawa Noriko , Kuroishi Tetsuo , Tominaga Suketami 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn order to revaluate the high mortality from Hodgkin's disease (HD) in Kyushu, Japan, the chronological changes of the geographical variation of HD were analysed. The age‐adjusted death rates (AADRs) for HD of the three periods 1969–71, 1974–76, and 1979–81 were calculated for each prefecture and 128 cases of HD in 1969–72 were re‐examined to evaluate the difference in the diagnostic criteria of HD among these periods.AADRs for HD in Kagoshima Prefecture, which had the highest mortality from HD in Japan in the early period, has decreased drastically and the mortality from HD in Kyushu has not been high in the most recent period.The main reasons for the decreased mortality from HD in Kyushu may be as follows: (1) HD has been more strictly diagnosed by histopathological criteria in recent years; (2) adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) which is prevalent in Kyushu and has similar histopathological features to those of HD may have been diagnosed as HD in the past when the concept of ATLL did not exist. Therefore, it is suggested that the mortality from HD in Kyushu has been essentially the same as for other areas in Japan even in the past.
Differential effect of TPA and n‐butyrate on induction of Ii and EBV antigens in the P3HR‐1 lymphoblastoid cell line
Authors: Sairenji Takeshi , Spiro Robert C. , Humphreys Robert E. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe aim of this study was to test whether EBV induction by TPA or n‐butyrate was related directly to hyperexpression of Ii, an electrophoretically invariant, 35 000 dalton, HLA‐DR antigen‐associated glycoprotein which is abundantly detected in EBV freshly transformed cells and is enhanced by EBV superinfection of lymphoblastoid cell lines. P3HR‐1 lymphoblasts were treated with n‐butyrate or TPA in variable doses and durations. The augmented expression of Ii, EBV antigens (EA and VCA), DNA synthesis, and cell growth and viability were monitored. n‐Butyrate induced hyperexpression of Ii at 2 days with a maximal effective dose of 4 mm, induced EBV antigens (EA and VCA) in 36 per cent of the cells at 2 days, inhibited DNA synthesis and cell growth, and was not cytolytic at 48 h when Ii induction was maximal. TPA did not induce hyperexpression of Ii, induced EBV antigens (EA) in 30 per cent of the cells at 4 days, did not inhibit DNA synthesis and cell growth, and was not cytolytic in the time course and doses studied. Ii expression, therefore, did not appear to be an obligatory consequence of EBV antigen induction. Ii induction might be related to an effect of EBV inducers on cellular DNA synthesis, or on control of the cell cycle, or directly upon Ii gene regulation.
18F-fluoride PET as a noninvasive imaging biomarker for determining treatment efficacy of bone active agents at the hip: A prospective, randomized, controlled clinical study
Authors: Frost Michelle L , Moore Amelia E , Siddique Musib , Blake Glen M , Laurent Didier , Borah Babul , Schramm Ursula , Valentin Marie-Anne , Pellas Theodore C , Marsden Paul K , Schleyer Paul J , Fogelman Ignac 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT

The functional imaging technique of 18F-fluoride positron emission tomography (18F-PET) allows the noninvasive quantitative assessment of regional bone formation at any skeletal site, including the spine and hip. The aim of this study was to determine if 18F-PET can be used as an early biomarker of treatment efficacy at the hip. Twenty-seven treatment-naive postmenopausal women with osteopenia were randomized to receive teriparatide and calcium and vitamin D (TPT group, n = 13) or calcium and vitamin D only (control group, n = 14). Subjects in the TPT group were treated with 20 µg/day teriparatide for 12 weeks. 18F-PET scans of the proximal femur, pelvis, and lumbar spine were performed at baseline and 12 weeks. The plasma clearance of 18F-fluoride to bone, Ki, a validated measurement of bone formation, was measured at four regions of the hip, lumbar spine, and pelvis. A significant increase in Ki was observed at all regions of interest (ROIs), including the total hip (+27%, p = 0.002), femoral neck (+25%, p = 0.040), hip trabecular ROI (+21%, p = 0.017), and hip cortical ROI (+51%, p = 0.001) in the TPT group. Significant increases in Ki in response to TPT were also observed at the lumbar spine (+18%, p = 0.001) and pelvis (+42%, p = 0.001). No significant changes in Kiwere observed for the control group. Changes in BMD and bone turnover markers were consistent with previous trials of teriparatide. In conclusion, this is the first study to our knowledge to demonstrate that 18F-PET can be used as an imaging biomarker for determining treatment efficacy at the hip as early as 12 weeks after initiation of therapy.
The regulation of runt-related transcription factor 2 by fibroblast growth factor-2 and connexin43 requires the inositol polyphosphate/protein kinase Cδ cascade
Authors: Niger Corinne , Luciotti Maria A , Buo Atum M , Hebert Carla , Ma Vy , Stains Joseph P 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT

Connexin43 (Cx43) plays a critical role in osteoblast function and bone mass accrual, yet the identity of the second messengers communicated by Cx43 gap junctions, the targets of these second messengers and how they regulate osteoblast function remain largely unknown. We have shown that alterations of Cx43 expression in osteoblasts can impact the responsiveness to fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2), by modulating the transcriptional activity of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2). In this study, we examined the contribution of the phospholipase Cγ1/inositol polyphosphate/protein kinase C delta (PKCδ) cascade to the Cx43-dependent transcriptional response of MC3T3 osteoblasts to FGF2. Knockdown of expression and/or inhibition of function of phospholipase Cγ1, inositol polyphosphate multikinase, which generates inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (InsP4) and InsP5, and inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1/2, which generates inositol pyrophosphates, prevented the ability of Cx43 to potentiate FGF2-induced signaling through Runx2. Conversely, overexpression of phospholipase Cγ1 and inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1/2 enhanced FGF2 activation of Runx2 and the effect of Cx43 overexpression on this response. Disruption of these pathways blocked the nuclear accumulation of PKCδ and the FGF2-dependent interaction of PKCδ and Runx2, reducing Runx2 transcriptional activity. These data reveal that FGF2-signaling involves the inositol polyphosphate cascade, including inositol hexakisphosphate kinase (IP6K), and demonstrate that IP6K regulates Runx2 and osteoblast gene expression. Additionally, these data implicate the water-soluble inositol polyphosphates as mediators of the Cx43-dependent amplification of the osteoblast response to FGF2, and suggest that these low molecular weight second messengers may be biologically relevant mediators of osteoblast function that are communicated by Cx43-gap junctions.
Effective fragment potential method in Q‐CHEM: A guide for users and developers
Authors: Ghosh Debashree , Kosenkov Dmytro , Vanovschi Vitalii , Flick Joanna , Kaliman Ilya , Shao Yihan , Gilbert Andrew T.B. , Krylov Anna I. , Slipchenko Lyudmila V. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA detailed description of the implementation of the effective fragment potential (EFP) method in the Q‐CHEM electronic structure package is presented. The Q‐CHEM implementation interfaces EFP with standard quantum mechanical (QM) methods such as Hartree–Fock, density functional theory, perturbation theory, and coupled‐cluster methods, as well as with methods for electronically excited and open‐shell species, for example, configuration interaction, time‐dependent density functional theory, and equation‐of‐motion coupled‐cluster models. In addition to the QM/EFP functionality, a “fragment‐only” feature is also available (when the system is described by effective fragments only). To aid further developments of the EFP methodology, a detailed description of the C++ classes and EFP module's workflow is presented. The EFP input structure and EFP job options are described. To assist setting up and performing EFP calculations, a collection of Perl service scripts is provided. The precomputed EFP parameters for standard fragments such as common solvents are stored in Q‐CHEM's auxiliary library; they can be easily invoked, similar to specifying standard basis sets. The instructions for generating user‐defined EFP parameters are given. Fragments positions can be specified by their center of mass coordinates and Euler angles. The interface with the IQMOL and WEBMO software is also described. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characterization of myxobacterial A‐motility: insights from microcinematographic observations
Authors: Koch Matthias K. , Hoiczyk Egbert 
Published: January 2013

AbstractMyxococcus xanthus, a predatory soil bacterium, has long been used as a model organism to study bacterial gliding motility. Research has revealed that two fundamentally distinct motor systems power gliding in this bacterium: repeated extensions and retractions of pili mediate social or (S‐) motility, whereas the motor powering adventurous or (A‐) motility has not yet been identified with certainty. Several different hypotheses to explain A‐motility have been suggested and differ with respect to the involved motor structures as well as the mechanics of motility. As some of the more recent models invoke helically arranged structures and processes that require rotations of the cell, we decided to re‐examine myxobacterial motility using microcinematographic techniques. This re‐examination was also prompted by the lack of direct experimental data on the rotation of M. xanthus during gliding. Microcinematographic observations of deformed cells and cells containing large stationary intracellular structures reveal clearly that M. xanthus gliding does not require cell rotation.
Resource selection by Indiana bats during the maternity season
Authors: Womack Kathryn M. , Amelon Sybill K. , Thompson Frank R. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractLittle information exists on resource selection by foraging Indiana bats (Myotis sodalis) during the maternity season. Existing studies are based on modest sample sizes because of the rarity of this endangered species and the difficulty of radio‐tracking bats. Our objectives were to determine resource selection by foraging Indiana bats during the maternity season and to compare resource use between pregnant and lactating individuals. We used an information theoretic approach with discrete choice modeling based on telemetry data to evaluate our hypotheses that land cover, percent canopy cover, distance to water, and prescribed fire affected the relative probability a point was used by a foraging Indiana bat. We fit models for individual bats and a population‐level model based on all individuals with a random factor to account for differences in sample size among individuals. We radio‐tracked 29 individuals and found variation in resource selection among individuals. However, among individuals with the same supported covariates, the magnitude and direction of the covariates were similar. Eighteen bats selected areas with greater canopy closure and 5 of 6 bats that had areas burned by low‐intensity prescribed fire in their home range selected burned areas. Resource selection was related to land cover for 13 individuals; they selected forest and shrubland over agricultural land, which composed >50% of the landscape within 10 km. We found no support for our hypothesis that resource selection was related to individual reproductive condition or Julian date in our population‐level model indicating habitat selection was not determined by reproductive status or date within the maternity season. Land use or forest management that greatly reduces canopy cover may have a negative impact on Indiana bat use. Maintaining forest cover in agricultural landscapes is likely critical to persistence of maternity colonies in these landscapes. Sites managed with low severity prescribed fire may be selected by some individuals because of reduced understory vegetation. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Invasive bullfrog larvae lack developmental plasticity to changing hydroperiod
Authors: Cook Megan T. , Heppell Selina S. , Garcia Tiffany S. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractDetermining the mechanisms responsible for the success of invasive species is critical for developing effective management strategies. Artificially draining managed wetlands to maintain natural ephemeral conditions is a common practice in the Pacific Northwest and is assumed to kill invasive American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) larvae, which typically overwinter in permanent wetlands before metamorphosis. Bullfrogs in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, however, have invaded ephemeral wetland sites with confirmed metamorphosis within 4 months after hatching at 1 site. We hypothesized that plasticity in growth and development rates in response to hydroperiod facilitated bullfrog invasion in Oregon. We tested this hypothesis by quantifying larval bullfrog development and growth in response to 3 hydroperiod conditions in a mesocosm setting. We tested clutches collected from both ephemeral (n = 3) and permanent (n = 3) wetlands. We found no differences in development or growth due to hydroperiod treatments (body length, P = 0.48; mass, P = 0.27), but we found differences in growth among clutches (P ≤ 0.001). These differences likely represent natural variation in growth rates because clutches collected from the same wetland type did not respond with similar growth and geographic barriers between collection sites did not account for the differences. These results indicate a lack of plasticity to hydroperiod and suggest that artificial hydroperiod manipulation in the Pacific Northwest will not induce rapid metamorphosis by invasive bullfrog larvae, although some genotypes may be capable of rapid growth and metamorphosis. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.