bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quaternary volcanism in southeastern Tibetan Plateau: A record of Neo-Tethyan oceanic slab stagnant in the mantle transition zone
Authors: Kang Huan , Zhao Yongwei , Zhang Xiaoran , Zhang Liyun , Zhang Huiping , Zou Haibo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Tibetan lateral mantle flow could help to decipher the material movement mechanisms within global plate convergence zones. However, the front edge of this mantle flow is unclear. We conducted petrological, geochronological, mineralogical, geochemical, and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic investigations of Quaternary intracontinental alkali basalts from southwestern Yunnan (south of 27°N) to determine the petrogenesis of the Quaternary alkali basalts in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau in particular and to trace the recent Tibetan lateral mantle flow. Alkali basalts in the region are mainly basanite and trachybasalt that erupted during the Pleistocene epoch. They possess highly incompatible elemental and radiogenic Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions similar to those of the oceanic-island basalts, consistent with melts derived from asthenospheric mantle with a low degree of partial melting. Calculated magma water contents of regional alkali basalts range from 1.32 ± 0.48 wt% to 2.23 ± 0.18 wt%, which corresponds to water content of their mantle source comprising 269 ppm to 3591 ppm, which is significantly higher than that of the normal upper mantle (i.e., 50–250 ppm). Quantitative trace-element modeling and dramatic variations in oceanic crust–sensitive indicators such as Eu/Eu*, Sr/Sr*, Ce/Pb, (Nb/Th)N-PM, and (Ta/U)N-PM indicate variable contributions of upper and lower oceanic crust to magma sources. Systematic examinations of petrological, geochemical, and geophysical evidence reveal that the temporary small-volume Quaternary volcanism in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau is unrelated to Tibetan southeastward mantle flow but is primarily attributed to stagnant Neo-Tethyan slab in the mantle transition zone. Our study offers a distinctive perspective for reconciling the geochemical features of intracontinental alkali basalts and highlights the potential role of alkali basalts in tracing the front edge of recent Tibetan lateral mantle flow.
Glycaemia and ischaemia-reperfusion brain injury in patients with ischaemic stroke treated with mechanical thrombectomy (GLIAS-MT): an observational, unicentric, prospective study protocol
Authors: Hervás Carlos , Peirotén Irene , González Laura , Alonso de Leciñana María , Alonso-López Elisa , Casado Laura , De Celis-Ruíz Elena , Fernández Prieto Andrés Francisco , Frutos Remedios , Gallego-Ruiz Rebeca , González Pérez de Villar Noemí , Gutiérrez-Fernández María , Navia Pedro , Otero-Ortega Laura , Pozo-Novoa Javier , Rigual Ricardo , Rodríguez-Pardo Jorge , Ruiz Gerardo , Fuentes Blanca 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPoststroke hyperglycaemia is an independent risk factor for poorer outcomes in patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) and is associated with a lower probability of functional recovery and higher mortality at 3 months. This study aims to evaluate the association between glucose levels during cerebral reperfusion with MT and functional recovery at 3 months, measured by subcutaneous continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices.MethodsThis prospective observational study aims to recruit 100 patients with ischaemic stroke and large anterior circulation vessel occlusion, in whom MT is indicated. CGM will be performed using a Freestyle Libre ProIQ device (FSL-CGM, Abbott Diabetes Care, Alameda, California, USA), which will be implanted on admission to the emergency department, to monitor glucose levels before, during and after reperfusion. The study’s primary endpoint will be the functional status at 3 months, as measured by the dichotomised modified Rankin Scale (0–2 indicating good recovery and 3–6 indicating dependency or death). We will analyse expression profiles of microRNA (miRNA) at the time of reperfusion and 24 hours later, as potential biomarkers of ischaemic-reperfusion injury. The most promising miRNAs include miR-100, miR-29b, miR-339, miR-15a and miR-424. All patients will undergo treatment according to current international recommendations and local protocols for the treatment of stroke, including intravenous thrombolysis if indicated.Ethics and disseminationThis study (protocol V.1.1, dated 29 October 2021, code 6017) has been approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of La Paz University Hospital (Madrid, Spain) and has been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT 05871502). Study results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications in Open Access format and at conference presentations.Trial registration numberNCT05871502.
Patient safety reporting and learning system of Catalonia (SNiSP Cat): a health policy initiative to enhance culture, leadership and professional engagement
Authors: Pareja-Rossell Clara , Rabanal-Tornero Manel , Oliva-Oliva Gloria , Gens-Barberà Montserrat , Hospital-Guardiola Inmaculada , Hernandez-Vidal Nuria , Capella-Gonzalez Jordina , Ayala-Villuendas David , Vidal-Melgosa Eusebi , Mansergas-Collado Nuria , López-Sanz Eva , Astier-Peña María-Pilar 
Published: August 2024

Patient safety reporting and learning systems (PSRLS) are tools to promote patient safety culture in healthcare organisations (HCO). Many PRSLS are locally developed. WHO Global Action Plan on Patient Safety 2021–2030 urges governments to deploy policies for healthcare risk management including PSRLS. The Ministry of Health of Catalonia (MHC) faced challenges in addressing quality and patient safety (Q&PS) issues due to disparate information systems. To address these challenges, the MHC developed a territorial PSRLS and embedded it in the Quality and Patient Safety Strategic Plan of Catalonia 2023–2027 (QPSS Plan Cat).MethodsFour-step process: (1) creation of a governance model, a web platform and reporting forms for a PSRLS in Catalonia (SNiSP Cat); (2) SNiSP Cat roll out; (3) embed SNiSP Cat information in the accreditation model for HCO and the PS scorecard; (4) Development of SNiSP Cat within the QPSS Plan Cat 2023–2027.ResultsThe SNiSP Cat is in use by 63/64 acute care hospital (ACH), 376/376 primary healthcare teams (PCT) and 17/98 long-term care facilities (LTCF). 1335/109 273 professionals were trained. Until 2022, 127 051 incidents have been migrated and reported (2013–2022). The system has generated three comprehensive risk maps for HCO: one for ACH, including patients’ falls, medication, clinical process and procedures; second for PCT, including clinical process and procedures, clinical administration and medication; and a third for LTCF, included patients’ falls, medication, digital/analogical documentation. SNiSP Cat provided information to support 53 standards out of 1312 of the ACH accreditation model and 14 standards out of 379 of PCT one. Regarding the MHC patient safety scorecard, 14 indicators out of 147 of ACH and 4 out of 41 of PCT are supported by SNiSP Cat data.ConclusionsThe availability of a territorial PSRLS (SNiSP Cat) allows MHC leads the Q&PS policy with direct information, risk maps and data support to the standards for the Catalan accreditation models and PS scorecard linked to incentivisation, turning the SNiSP Cat into a driven tool to implement the Quality and Patient Safety Strategic Plan of Catalonia 2023–2027.
Implementing virtual primary care: experiences, perspectives and identification of improvement opportunities in an academic primary care setting
Authors: Walji Sakina , O’Brien Patricia , Loi Anna , Rozmovits Linda , Bhattacharyya Onil 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundOne of the biggest changes to primary care triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic was the rapid integration of virtual care (VC). VC offers benefits to patients and providers but implementation presents challenges.MethodsThis study is a secondary analysis of a 2021 quality improvement (QI) driven environmental scan comprising a survey and 1:1 interviews, at the Department of Family and Community Medicine at the University of Toronto. The scan aimed to understand the current and desired future use of VC at the 14 sites.ResultsThe survey was completed by all sites between July and October 2021 and 1:1 interviews were conducted between October and November 2021 with 12 of the 14 site/QI leads. VC was seen as convenient and flexible, and as enabling continuity of care for patients who could not easily attend in-person. Factors enabling implementation of VC included leadership at both the system and local level; a shared understanding of VC on the part of providers, patients and clinical staff; and technological and administrative readiness. Challenges included the need for triage algorithms; incongruent expectations of VC by patients and providers; technology issues; increased administrative burden; and impacts on medical education. All anticipated that some degree of VC would continue in future.ConclusionsVC offered benefits but it also impacted clinical routines and administrative processes creating new forms of work for clinicians and staff. Patient education is needed to ensure that their expectations of VC align with those of providers. Research and QI efforts are required to optimise the use of VC in primary care.
Urban metabolic and airway immune profiles increase the risk of infections in early childhood
Authors: Brustad Nicklas , Thorsen Jonathan , Pedersen Casper Emil Tingskov , Ali Mina , Kyvsgaard Julie , Brandt Sarah , Lehtimäki Jenni , Prince Nicole , Følsgaard Nilofar V , Lasky-Su Jessica , Stokholm Jakob , Bønnelykke Klaus , Chawes Bo 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundInfections in childhood remain a leading global cause of child mortality and environmental exposures seem crucial. We investigated whether urbanicity at birth was associated with the risk of infections and explored underlying mechanisms.MethodsChildren (n=633) from the COPSAC2010mother–child cohort were monitored daily with symptom diaries of infection episodes during the first 3 years and prospectively diagnosed with asthma until age 6 years. Rural and urban environments were based on the CORINE land cover database. Child airway immune profile was measured at age 4 weeks. Maternal and child metabolomics profiling were assessed at pregnancy week 24 and at birth, respectively.ResultsWe observed a mean (SD) total number of infections of 16.3 (8.4) consisting mainly of upper respiratory infections until age 3 years. Urban versus rural living increased infection risk (17.1 (8.7) vs 15.2 (7.9), adjusted incidence rate ratio; 1.15 (1.05–1.26), p=0.002) and altered the child airway immune profile, which increased infection risk (principal component 1 (PC1): 1.03 (1.00–1.06), p=0.038 and PC2: 1.04 (1.01–1.07), p=0.022). Urban living also altered the maternal and child metabolomic profiles, which also increased infection risk. The association between urbanicity and infection risk was partly mediated through the maternal metabolomic and child airway immune profiles. Finally, urbanicity increased the risk of asthma by age 6 years, which was mediated through early infection load (pACME<0.001).ConclusionThis study suggests urbanicity as an independent risk factor for early infections partly explained by changes in the early metabolic and immunological development with implications for later risk of asthma.
The generalized second law formulated from the variable equation of state parameter
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Tanwi 
Published: August 2024

The generalized second law of thermodynamics (GSLT) is examined in the current work in the backdrop of Friedmann–Robertson–Walker universe. A digression from the standard Bekenstein–Hawking entropy formulation is considered. Two different modified forms of the entropy functions are studied. For the matter component, five well-known parameterizations of the equation of state parameter are taken into consideration. The diagrammatic representations of the rate of change of the entropy functions in the different models are presented. The outcomes suggest that the GSLT is valid in these models for certain choices of the parameters involved.
Whole rock lithogeochemical analysis of the Mount Read Volcanics: a new tool for geochemical exploration
Authors: Zivkovic Zebedee , Halley Scott , Vicary Mike , Baker Michael , Cracknell Matthew J. , Barker Shaun 
Published: August 2024

The Mount Read Volcanics (MRV) of western Tasmania is a belt of Middle to Late Cambrian submarine volcanics and volcaniclastics and one of the major base and precious metal provinces within Australia. Exploration success in the MRV has been in decline in recent years due to a variety of challenges including intensely altered rocks with complex stratigraphy and lithofacies variation, and a lack of accessible outcrop. As a result, local and regional mapping of the MRV is often restricted to Group-level stratigraphy, rendering geological mapping ineffective for identifying decametre-scale mine stratigraphy.
Surface rock chip and drill hole samples were collected and analysed using commercially available geochemical assays to create a regional geochemical dataset of the MRV, covering the entire province and all major stratigraphic units. From these data, a lithogeochemical methodology was developed, utilizing Ti/Nb and V/Sc systematics that effectively characterizes the samples according to composition and magmatic processes. This method is shown to be robust to biases due to alteration and lithofacies, eliminating the need for highly selective sampling or extensive data filtering.
To demonstrate the utility of this method in an exploration context, data from the K-lens of the Rosebery polymetallic volcanic-hosted massive sulfide (VHMS) deposit was used as a case study. Using Ti/Nb–V/Sc systematics, a rock composition classification was developed that allowed for discrimination of the footwall, hanging wall and host stratigraphy of the Rosebery mine sequence. A geochemical fingerprint for the footwall stratigraphy to mineralization was developed, and by correlating this signature to the regional unclassified samples, geochemical analogues for the Rosebery footwall were readily identified. This approach rapidly reduces the exploration search space and provides valuable information for future mineral exploration. The methodology is applicable in other terrains; however, appropriate orientation studies are required to investigate potential biases due to lithofacies, alteration and mineralogical variability.
The Healing Elements of an Eclectic Life Skills Programme: Clients’ Perspectives
Authors: Stone Alta , van Niekerk Lana 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: The article reports the healing elements of an eclectic life skills programme (ELSP) from the perspective of group members. An ELSP utilising open groups was developed to manage clients with mixed diagnostic profiles and different stages of recovery simultaneously. The aim was to explore the healing elements of an ELSP.Methods: Maximum variation purposive sampling was used to select six participants for the phenomenological inquiry. Data collection is comprised of observations, semistructured interviews, and reflective journals. Data analysis comprised an inductive thematic analysis.Consumer Involvement: Participants all attended groups offered within the ELSP. They participated in two semistructured interviews: the first interview in the week following admission and the second just before discharge. In addition, they documented their experiences in reflective journals for the duration of their participation.Findings: The analogy of a kaleidoscope portrayed the four themes; three pertained to structural dynamics, namely, programme mirror, facilitator mirror, and mirror of other group members. The fourth theme, namely, the magical pattern, pertained to personal sense‐making by individual group members.Conclusions: The dynamic interplay of healing factors, captured in the themes, facilitated healing. Self‐reflection was integral to the creation of a bespoke, facilitated self‐learning process with direct application in group members’ own lives.
Abiraterone, Olaparib, or Abiraterone + Olaparib in First-Line Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer with DNA Repair Defects (BRCAAway)
Authors: Hussain Maha , Kocherginsky Masha , Agarwal Neeraj , Adra Nabil , Zhang Jingsong , Paller Channing J. , Picus Joel , Reichert Zachery R. , Szmulewitz Russell Z. , Tagawa Scott T. , Kuzel Timothy M. , Bazzi Latifa A. , Daignault-Newton Stephanie , Whang Young E. , Dreicer Robert , Stephenson Ryan D. , Rettig Matthew B. , Shevrin Daniel , Gerke Travis , Chinnaiyan Arul M. , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Deleterious germline/somatic homologous recombination repair mutations (HRRm) are present in ∼25% of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Preclinically, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition demonstrated synergism with androgen receptor pathway (ARP)–targeted therapy. This trial evaluated the efficacy of ARP inhibitor versus PARP inhibitor versus their combination as first-line therapy in patients with mCRPC with HRRms.

Patients and Methods:
BRCAAway is a biomarker preselected, randomized, phase 2 trial. Patients with BRCA1/2 and/or ATM alterations were randomized 1:1:1 to Arm1: abiraterone (1,000 mg)/prednisone (5 mg BID) (Abi/pred), Arm2: olaparib (300 mg BID) (Ola), or Arm3: abiraterone/prednisone + olaparib (Abi/pred + Ola). Single-agent arms could cross over at progression. Exploratory Arm4 patients with other HRRms received olaparib alone. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and secondary endpoints were objective response, PSA response, and safety.

Results:
Sixty-one of 165 eligible patients had BRCA1/2 or ATM mutations: median age: 67 (IQR, 62–73) years. Mutations: BRCA1 n = 3, BRCA2 n = 46, ATM n = 11, and multiple n = 1; 33 germline and 28 somatic mutations. Median PFS [95% confidence interval (CI)]: Abi/pred, 8.6 months (m; 2.9, 17), Ola, 14 m (8.4, 20), and Abi/pred + Ola, 39 m [22, not reached (NR)]. There were no G4/5 adverse events; 8/19 patients on Abi/pred treatment crossed over to Ola, and 8/21 vice versa. Median PFS (95% CI) from crossover: Ola-after-Abi/pred, 8.3 m (5.5, 15) and Abi/pred-after-Ola, 7.2 m (2.8, NR). Median PFS (95% CI) from randomization: Ola-after-Abi/pred, 16 m (7.8, 25) and Abi/pred-after-Ola, 16 m (11, NR). Seventeen of 165 patients with other HRRms received olaparib: median PFS (95% CI): 5.5 m (2, 11).

Conclusions:
In patients with mCRPC with BRCA1/2 or ATM HRRm, Abi/pred + Ola was well tolerated and demonstrated longer PFS versus either agent alone or sequentially.
T-cell Responses to Individualized Neoantigen Therapy mRNA-4157 (V940) Alone or in Combination with Pembrolizumab in the Phase 1 KEYNOTE-603 Study
Authors: Gainor Justin F. , Patel Manish R. , Weber Jeffrey S. , Gutierrez Martin , Bauman Julie E. , Clarke Jeffrey M. , Julian Ricklie , Scott Aaron J. , Geiger Jessica L. , Kirtane Kedar , Robert-Tissot Celine , Coder Brandon , Tasneem Moomal , Sun Jing , Zheng Wei , Gerbereux Lauren , Laino Andressa , Porichis Filippos , Pollard Jack Russella , Hou Peijie , Sehgal Vasudha , Chen Xing , Morrissey Manju , Daghestani Hikmat N. , Feldman Igor , Srinivasan Lakshmi , Frederick Joshua P. , Brown Michelle , Aanur Praveen , Meehan Robert , Burris Howard A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
mRNA-4157 (V940) is an individualized neoantigen therapy targeting up to 34 patient-specific tumor neoantigens to induce T-cell responses and potentiate antitumor activity. We report mechanistic insights into the immunogenicity of mRNA-4157 via characterization of T-cell responses to neoantigens from the first-in-human, phase 1, KEYNOTE-603 study (NCT03313778) in patients with resected non–small cell lung cancer (Part A: 1-mg mRNA-4157, n = 4) or resected cutaneous melanoma (Part D: 1-mg mRNA-4157 + 200-mg pembrolizumab, n = 12). Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity were assessed. All patients experienced ≥1 treatment-emergent adverse event; there were no grade 4/5 adverse events or dose-limiting toxicities. mRNA-4157 alone induced consistent de novo and strengthened preexisting T-cell responses to targeted neoantigens. Following combination therapy, sustained mRNA-4157-induced neoantigen-specific T-cell responses and expansion of cytotoxic CD8 and CD4 T cells were observed. These findings show the potential of a novel mRNA individualized neoantigen therapy approach in oncology.
Significance: The safety and immunogenicity results from this phase 1 study of mRNA-4157 as adjuvant monotherapy or combination therapy with pembrolizumab show generation of de novo and enhancement of existing neoantigen-specific T-cell responses and provide mechanistic proof of concept to support further development of mRNA-4157 for patients with resected solid tumors.
See related commentary by Berraondo et al., p. 2021
The Mindful Brain: A Systematic Review of the Neural Correlates of Trait Mindfulness
Authors: Treves Isaac N. , Pichappan Kannammai , Hammoud Jude , Bauer Clemens C. C. , Ehmann Sebastian , Sacchet Matthew D. , Gabrieli John D. E. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Trait self-report mindfulness scales measure one's disposition to pay nonjudgmental attention to the present moment. Concerns have been raised about the validity of trait mindfulness scales. Despite this, there is extensive literature correlating mindfulness scales with objective brain measures, with the goal of providing insight into mechanisms of mindfulness, and insight into associated positive mental health outcomes. Here, we systematically examined the neural correlates of trait mindfulness. We assessed 68 correlational studies across structural magnetic resonance imaging, task-based fMRI, resting-state fMRI, and EEG. Several consistent findings were identified, associating greater trait mindfulness with decreased amygdala reactivity to emotional stimuli, increased cortical thickness in frontal regions and insular cortex regions, and decreased connectivity within the default-mode network. These findings converged with results from intervention studies and those that included mindfulness experts. On the other hand, the connections between trait mindfulness and EEG metrics remain inconclusive, as do the associations between trait mindfulness and between-network resting-state fMRI metrics. ERP measures from EEG used to measure attentional or emotional processing may not show reliable individual variation. Research on body awareness and self-relevant processing is scarce. For a more robust correlational neuroscience of trait mindfulness, we recommend larger sample sizes, data-driven, multivariate approaches to self-report and brain measures, and careful consideration of test–retest reliability. In addition, we should leave behind simplistic explanations of mindfulness, as there are many ways to be mindful, and leave behind simplistic explanations of the brain, as distributed networks of brain areas support mindfulness.
The Ceremony for Check-Marking Criminals for Execution and the Court and Autumn Assizes under the Qing Dynasty
Authors: Zhang Shiming 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Every year in the fall, the Qing emperor was to preside over ceremonies during which he was asked to check-mark the names of criminals condemned to capital punishment whom he reckoned were to be executed. This article proposes an understanding not only of these check-marking ceremonies under the Qing dynasty, but also of the judicial rehearing procedure of all capital punishment criminal cases, known as the Court and Autumn Assizes. Based on materials drawn from the Qing central archives and other institutional sources, as well as on the information found in officials’ diaries, this study provides a dynamic and evolutionary analysis of the Assizes and the check-marking ceremonies, highlighting their position as central features of the imperial judicial process. By detailing their successive changes, it seeks to unravel their highly complex and bureaucratic nature and to better assess the exact role played by the various institutional actors they called into play, first and foremost, the sovereign.