bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of man‐in‐the‐middle attacks using physical layer wireless security techniques
Authors: Wang Le , Wyglinski Alexander M. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractCompared with a wired network, a wireless network is not protected by the cable transmission medium. Information is broadcasted over the air and it can be intercepted by anyone within the transmission range. Even though the transmissions could potentially be protected by security authentication mechanisms, malicious users can still intercept the information by mimicking the characteristics of normal user or a legitimate access point. This scenario is referred as a man‐in‐the‐middle (MITM) attack. In the MITM attack, the attackers can bypass the security mechanisms, intercept the unprotected transmission packets, and sniff the information. Because of several vulnerabilities in the IEEE 802.11 protocol, it is difficult to defend against a wireless MITM attack. In this paper, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI)‐based detection mechanism for MITM attacks is proposed. RSSI information is an arbitrary integer that indicates the power level being received by the antenna. The random RSSI values are processed via a sliding window, yielding statistic information about the signal characteristics such as mean and standard deviation profiles. By analyzing those profiles, the detection mechanism can detect if a rogue access point, the key component of an MITM attack, is launched. Our proposed approach has been validated via hardware experimentation using Backtrack 5 tools and MATLAB software suite. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mechanism of proanthocyanidins-induced alcoholic fermentation enhancement inSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Li Jingyuan , Zhao Hongwei , Huang Weidong 
Published: October 2014

AbstractOur previous work revealed proanthocyanidins (PAs) could pose significant enhancement on the activity of H+-ATPase and fermentation efficiency after a transient initial inhibition (Li et al in Am J Enol Vitic 62(4):512–518, 2011). The aim of the present work was to understand the possible mechanism for this regulation. At Day 0.5 the gene expression level of PMA1 in AWRI R2 strain supplemented with 1.0 mg/mL PAs was decreased by around 54 % with a 50 % and a 56.5 % increase in the concentration of intracellular ATP and NADH/NAD+ ratio, respectively, compared to that of control. After the transient adaptation, the gene expression levels of PMA1 and HXT7 in PAs-treated cells were enhanced significantly accompanied by the decrease of ATP contents and NADH/NAD+ ratio, which resulted in the high level of the activities of rate-limiting enzymes. PAs could pose significant effects on the fermentation via glucose transport, the energy and redox homeostasis as well as the activities of rate-limiting enzymes in glycolysis.
Geschichte des Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes – von den Anfängen bis heute
Authors: Locher Wolfgang G. 
Published: October 2014

Einleitung
Seit vielen Jahrhunderten kommt dem Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienst (ÖGD) bei der Abwehr von Gesundheitsgefahren sowie bei der Erhaltung und Förderung der Gesundheit eine Schlüsselrolle zu. Die Figur des mit dem ÖGD verbundenen Arztes ist von viel historischer Kontinuität geprägt. Allerdings haben sich Aufgabenprofil und Selbstverständnis des sog. Amtsarztes in Abhängigkeit vom gesellschaftlichen und politischen Umfeld im Laufe der Geschichte doch auch beständig gewandelt.
Simple knockout by electroporation of engineered endonucleases into intact rat embryos
Authors: Kaneko Takehito , Sakuma Tetsushi , Yamamoto Takashi , Mashimo Tomoji 
Published: October 2014

AbstractEngineered endonucleases, such as zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) and the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) system, provide a powerful approach for genome editing in animals. However, the microinjection of endonucleases into embryos requires a high skill level, is time consuming and may cause damage to embryos. Here, we demonstrate that the electroporation of endonuclease mRNAs into intact embryos can induce editing at targeted loci and efficiently produce knockout rats. It is noteworthy that the electroporation of ZFNs resulted in an embryonic survival rate (91%) and a genome-editing rate (73%) that were more than 2-fold higher than the corresponding rates from conventional microinjection. Electroporation technology provides a simple and effective method to produce knockout animals.
Optical trapping reveals propulsion forces, power generation and motility efficiency of the unicellular parasites Trypanosoma brucei brucei
Authors: Stellamanns Eric , Uppaluri Sravanti , Hochstetter Axel , Heddergott Niko , Engstler Markus , Pfohl Thomas 
Published: October 2014

AbstractUnicellular parasites have developed sophisticated swimming mechanisms to survive in a wide range of environments. Cell motility of African trypanosomes, parasites responsible for fatal illness in humans and animals, is crucial both in the insect vector and the mammalian host. Using millisecond-scale imaging in a microfluidics platform along with a custom made optical trap, we are able to confine single cells to study trypanosome motility. From the trapping characteristics of the cells, we determine the propulsion force generated by cells with a single flagellum as well as of dividing trypanosomes with two fully developed flagella. Estimates of the dissipative energy and the power generation of single cells obtained from the motility patterns of the trypanosomes within the optical trap indicate that specific motility characteristics, in addition to locomotion, may be required for antibody clearance. Introducing a steerable second optical trap we could further measure the force, which is generated at the flagellar tip. Differences in the cellular structure of the trypanosomes are correlated with the trapping and motility characteristics and in consequence with their propulsion force, dissipative energy and power generation.
Performance of optimal three‐phase two‐way system with relay interference
Authors: Mandpura Anup K. , Prakriya Shankar 
Published: October 2014

In this work, the authors consider an amplify‐and‐forward (AF)‐based three‐phase two‐way system with interference at the relay. An optimum scheme to minimise the outage probability is formulated, and a closed form expression for the ‘channel‐dependent’ combining coefficient ‘α’ at the relay is derived. A novel approach is presented to derive an expression for the overall outage probability of the proposed three‐phase outage‐optimal two‐way relaying (3P‐OTWR) system. The authors also perform finite signal‐to‐noise (SNR) diversity‐multiplexing tradeoff and throughput analysis of the system. Furthermore, the problem of outage‐optimum power allocation is investigated. Using the asymptotic expression for the outage probability, it is shown that there is loss of diversity owing to interference at the relay. The authors perform Monte Carlo simulations to demonstrate that the 3P‐OTWR system outperforms a conventional three‐phase two‐way scheme. With outage‐optimum power allocation, the proposed scheme achieves a gain of approximately 3 dB in the medium‐to‐high SNR regime over a conventional scheme with α = 0.5 and equal power at terminals. The proposed three‐phase scheme in presence of co‐channel interference can provide a better throughput for higher transmission rates as compared with a two‐phase scheme when operated in the high SNR regime. Numerical results demonstrate accuracy of the derived expressions.
Simplified log likelihood ratio calculation in soft ordered successive interference cancellation for multiple‐input multiple‐output digital video broadcasting‐second generation terrestrial receivers
Authors: Kang In‐Woong , Lee Young‐Jun , Kim Youngmin , Seo Jae Hyun , Kim Heung Mook , Kim Hyoung‐Nam 
Published: October 2014

This study proposes a soft ordered successive interference cancellation (OSIC) receiver accompanied by a simplified log‐likelihood ratio calculation method for a dual‐polarised multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) digital video broadcasting‐second generation terrestrial system. The future terrestrial transmission systems will be required to provide high data rates for ultra‐high definition television service. For this purpose, dual‐polarised MIMO techniques with a little cross‐antenna interference and high‐order modulation schemes have been considered. As the cross‐antenna interference needs to be removed, a soft OSIC receiver can be used effectively. However, the receiver has to endure high computational complexity for calculating soft values. To reduce it, the authors simplified the calculation based on the decision threshold (DT) method. The main contribution of this study is to extend the conventional DT method, which is restricted to only low‐order modulations, to an algorithmic process applicable to any modulation order. The proposed soft OSIC receiver has about 1 dB degradation from the soft OSIC receiver with the maximum‐likelihood calculation of soft values. The degradation can be fully rewarded by the significantly reduced computational complexity. Furthermore, this study presents an additional possibility of improving the decoding performance by modelling the OSIC equaliser as a biased estimator.
Prestigious fruit trees in ancient Israel: first palynological evidence for growing Juglans regia and Citrus medica
Authors: Langgut Dafna 
Published: October 2014

This article describes the earliest evidence for the growing of two prestigious fruit trees:Juglans regia(Persian walnut) andCitrus medica(citron) in ancient Israel. The study also tries to identify the origin of these trees as well as their influence on Jewish tradition and culture. The palynological information from the Southern Levant supports the hypothesis of the survival ofJ. regiaduring the Last Glacial period in some areas of Eurasia. Accumulating palynological information as well as archeobotanical evidence ofJ. regiaplant remains from northern Israel from ∼1800 years BCE suggests the beginning of horticulture of walnut in the Southern Levant. The growing of walnut within Israel probably started in the north, and nearly one millennium later, palynological evidence indicates thatJ. regiacultivation had spread also to the Judean Mountains. Walnut is mentioned only once in the Bible, in Song of Solomon (6:11). From the interpretation of this text as well other Jewish texts and the available palynological diagrams, it is clear that since the Persian period (fifth to fourth centuries BCE),J. regiawas well established in ancient Israel. Citron, although being one of the four species of the Jewish feast of Tabernacles (Sukkot), is not native to the flora of the Near East. The earliest archeobotanical evidence of the growing ofC. medicain Israel was recently discovered in a Royal Persian garden in Ramat Rahel near Jerusalem, dated to the fifth to fourth centuries BCE.C. medicaseems to have made its way to Ramat Rahel from India via Persia. From that point on, citron gradually penetrated the Jewish culture and tradition. The citron is not mentioned in the Bible, and the association between the citron and thePürî `ëc hädär(Leviticus 23:40), translated “fruit of the goodly tree,” was only made during the first century AD.
Can permanent closures of nearshore areas reduce the proportions of undersized fish in the Icelandic longline fishery?
Authors: Björnsson Björn , Sólmundsson Jón , Pálsson Ólafur K. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In recent years, about one-third of the cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) catches in Icelandic waters have been obtained with longline. Although longlining has been regarded as a conservation-oriented fishing method, a serious drawback of this fishing gear is the high catches of undersized fish. Our purpose was to locate areas where catches of undersized fish are high and consider if it may be feasible to close them permanently for longlining. Extensive length measurements used in the analysis were made by official inspectors on-board longliners during 2005–2013 in the main fishing area around Iceland. We found that the percentage of undersized cod (&lt;55 cm total length) and haddock (&lt;45 cm) in those samples decreased in relation to both depth and distance from shore. Our results suggest that permanent closures of large nearshore areas for longlining is a feasible option to reduce catch of undersized cod and haddock.
Paramecium tetraurelia chromatin assembly factor-1-like protein PtCAF-1 is involved in RNA-mediated control of DNA elimination
Authors: Ignarski Michael , Singh Aditi , Swart Estienne C. , Arambasic Miroslav , Sandoval Pamela Y. , Nowacki Mariusz 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Genome-wide DNA remodelling in the ciliate Paramecium is ensured by RNA-mediated trans-nuclear crosstalk between the germline and the somatic genomes during sexual development. The rearrangements include elimination of transposable elements, minisatellites and tens of thousands non-coding elements called internally eliminated sequences (IESs). The trans-nuclear genome comparison process employs a distinct class of germline small RNAs (scnRNAs) that are compared against the parental somatic genome to select the germline-specific subset of scnRNAs that subsequently target DNA elimination in the progeny genome. Only a handful of proteins involved in this process have been identified so far and the mechanism of DNA targeting is unknown. Here we describe chromatin assembly factor-1-like protein (PtCAF-1), which we show is required for the survival of sexual progeny and localizes first in the parental and later in the newly developing macronucleus. Gene silencing shows that PtCAF-1 is required for the elimination of transposable elements and a subset of IESs. PTCAF-1 depletion also impairs the selection of germline-specific scnRNAs during development. We identify specific histone modifications appearing during Paramecium development which are strongly reduced in PTCAF-1 depleted cells. Our results demonstrate the importance of PtCAF-1 for the epigenetic trans-nuclear cross-talk mechanism.
Accuracy of Malignant Hyperthermia Diagnoses in Hospital Discharge Records
Authors: Pinyavat Teeda , Rosenberg Henry , Lang Barbara H. , Wong Cynthia A. , Riazi Sheila , Brady Joanne E. , Sun Lena S. , Li Guohua 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

Background:
In 1997, the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), 9th Revision Clinical Modification (ICD-9) coding system introduced the code for malignant hyperthermia (MH) (995.86). The aim of this study was to estimate the accuracy of coding for MH in hospital discharge records.

Methods:
An expert panel of anesthesiologists reviewed medical records for patients with a discharge diagnosis of MH based on ICD-9 or ICD-10 codes from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2008 at six tertiary care medical centers in North America. All cases were categorized as possible, probable, or fulminant MH, history of MH (family or personal) or other.

Results:
A total of 47 medical records with MH diagnoses were reviewed; 68.1% had a documented surgical procedure and general anesthesia, and 23.4% (95% CI, 12.3–38.0%) had a possible, probable, or fulminant MH event. Dantrolene was given in 81% of the MH events. All patients judged to have an incident MH event survived to discharge. Family and personal history of MH accounted for 46.8% of cases. High fever without evidence of MH during admission accounted for 23.4%, and the reason for MH coding was unclear in 6.4% of cases.

Conclusions:
Approximately one quarter of ICD-9 or ICD-10 coded MH diagnoses in hospital discharge records refer to incident MH episodes and an additional 47% to MH susceptibility (including personal history or family history). Information such as surgical procedure, anesthesia billing data, and dantrolene administration may aid in identifying incident MH cases among those with an ICD-9 or ICD-10 coded MH diagnosis in their hospital discharge records.
Guaranteed resonance enclosures and exclosures for atoms and molecules
Authors: Bögli Sabine , Brown B. Malcolm , Marletta Marco , Tretter Christiane , Wagenhofer Markus 
Published: October 2014

In this paper, we confirm, with absolute certainty, a conjecture on a certain oscillatory behaviour of higher auto-ionizing resonances of atoms and molecules beyond a threshold. These results not only definitely settle a more than 30 year old controversy in Rittby
et al.
(1981
Phys. Rev. A
24
, 1636–1639 (
doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.24.1636
)) and Korsch
et al.
(1982
Phys. Rev. A
26
, 1802–1803 (
doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.26.1802
)), but also provide new and reliable information on the threshold. Our interval-arithmetic-based method allows one, for the first time, to
en
close and to
ex
clude resonances with guaranteed certainty. The efficiency of our approach is demonstrated by the fact that we are able to show that the approximations in Rittby
et al.
(1981
Phys. Rev. A
24
, 1636–1639 (
doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.24.1636
))
do
lie near true resonances, whereas the approximations of higher resonances in Korsch
et al.
(1982
Phys. Rev. A
26
, 1802–1803 (
doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.26.1802
)) do
not
, and further that there exist two new pairs of resonances as suggested in Abramov
et al.
(2001
J. Phys. A
34
, 57–72 (
doi:10.1088/0305-4470/34/1/304
)).
The scholarship of application in the context of academic entrepreneurialism
Authors: Hayes Tang Hei-hang 
Published: October 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to undertake an inquiry into the way academic entrepreneurialism manifests itself in the changing discourses of the notion of “scholarship”. It particularly examines the contexts, rationales, definitions and implications of the discursive field of the “scholarship of application”. The global trend of academic entrepreneurialism profoundly affects the organisation of higher education institutions and academic life. Particularly, the form of scholarship has been undergoing subtle but constant transformation. The emergence of knowledge economies worldwide influences the practices and goals of traditional academy and illustrates commitment for fundamental knowledge and the new economies emphasise the results and impacts brought by applied knowledge. Alongside the “scholarship of discovery”, the “scholarship of application” is given attention.Design/methodology/approach– By reviewing the related literature, this paper articulates the definitions and dimensions of the “scholarship of application”. In addition, the impacts brought about by the concerned academic and policy discourses will be discussed.Findings– This paper finds that the emergence of the discursive field of the “scholarship of application” – as well as the discussions and actions in response to it – coincide with the intense neoliberal changes that affected traditional academia in the 1990s. It is argued that the emergence of and subsequent responses to the discursive field of the “scholarship of application” resulted in transforming purposes and practices of academic life. The discursive field of the “scholarship of application” also impacts on the concerned academic and policy discourses.Originality/value– To sustain the advancement of the scholarship of application, this paper implies the need to develop practices, cultivate culture as well as formulate prestige and reward mechanisms inherent to the existing higher education systems.
Radical innovation, market forces, political and business relationships
Authors: Chen Haowen , Liu Heng , Cheung Han 
Published: October 2014

Purpose– This study aims to investigate the relationships between radical innovation, market forces and political/business relationships in China by combining social capital theory and contingent theory. The paper focuses on how two types of managerial ties (i.e. business and political ties) impact firms’ capacity for radical innovation. It also examines the different moderating effects of market forces (i.e. demand uncertainty, technological turbulence and competitive intensity) on the linkage of managerial ties with radical innovation in the Chinese transitional context.Design/methodology/approach– A systematic literature review on managerial ties, radical innovation and market forces in emerging markets provides the theoretical foundation of our conceptual model and hypothesis. Using a survey sample of 119 Chinese firms, the authors conduct a regression analysis on the theoretical model and hypotheses.Findings– The results show that business ties have an inverted U-shape effect on radical innovation, while political ties have a positive impact on radical innovation. Furthermore, the market forces in transitional economies (i.e. demand uncertainty, technological turbulence and competitive intensity) have different moderating effects on the relationships between two types of managerial ties and Chinese firms’ radical innovation.Research limitations/implications– This study adopts its data set from the Chinese context. It would be necessary to replicate this research in other transitional economies because of specific differences between China and other transitional economies.Practical implications– Findings from our study indicate that firms which wish to succeed in radical innovation may need to adapt their tie-based strategies according to different market settings.Originality/value– The paper is original in its comparative investigation of the effect of business ties and political ties on radical innovation in contingent transitional market environments using a combination of social capital and contingent theories.
A dilemma of terracotta professional – the case of implementing information systems in a terracotta unit
Authors: Mohapatra Sanjay , Nayak Amit , Bhangadiya Ankita , Bagchi Ipshit , Sharma Pradeep Kumar , Behera Sukanya 
Published: October 2014

Subject area
The case concerns strategy.

Study level/applicability
This study is applicable to information system, development sector and application of technology in development sector.

Case overview
Krutika Terracotta Unit is a small unit located in Bhubaneswar, Odisha (India), owned by Mr Tarun Tapan Sahoo. The organization product portfolio varies from decorative statues, pots and vessel to customized products demanded by customers. Organization is also involved in training and renting the products for traditional fairs, marriages and religious ceremony in Bhubaneswar along with order sales. The case attempts to get a close picture of the industry. The exercise of developing the vision, mission, and goals for the organization was carried out and an attempt was made to align the information system with the business objectives even though the organization does not have a very structured organogram. Using BIS will surely reduce manual work and will give qualitative output. There will be lesser hassles in management. The defined and integrated approach will also help in taking strategic decisions well. The objective is to develop and apply well-structured BIS which can be integrated with the existing system so as to develop the terracotta organization in terms of reachability and profit-making with better decision-making capacity.

Expected learning outcomes
To learn about the business model of a handicraft marketing organization; to learn about the processes involved in traditional art form of Terracotta; to go through the exercise of creating vision, mission, goals of the organization through mutual discussion and expectation of owner; to determine how BIS helps in achieving higher productivity in Krutika Terracotta Unit; and to get an idea about how NPV calculation and social ROI should be measured for finding feasibility of technology investment.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Defence statement has been uploaded. Consent form to publish has been uploaded.