bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cotton Yield and Canopy Closure in North Carolina as Influenced by Row Width, Plant Population, and Leaf Morphology
Authors: Riar Ranjit , Wells Randy , Edmisten Keith , Jordan David , Bacheler Jack 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTCotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield is partly determined by crop geometry, which is a function of row width and plant population. Field experiments were conducted in North Carolina during 2007 and 2008 to test the hypothesis that row width will be the determining factor in attaining canopy closure and hence greater fiber yield in North Carolina. The influences of both plant population and leaf morphology on the row width effects were also examined. Okra‐leaf (FiberMax 800 BR) and normal‐leaf (FiberMax 960 BR) cultivars were planted at 38‐ and 97‐cm row widths at populations of 7, 12, and 18 plants m−2. Cotton grown at 38‐cm row width yielded more than cotton grown at 97‐cm rows in some but not all environments. The percentage of canopy closure and the percentage of photosynthetically active radiation interception showed a close relationship over row width, leaf morphology, plant population, and environment (r2 = 0.84, P < 0.001). Higher plant population increased light interception and canopy closure early in the season. However, with time, these differences were reduced and were absent by the last observations. Row width was an important cause of greater canopy closure but this did not consistently translate into yield differences and yields were more closely affected by cumulative rainfall. Economic analysis found no loss of profit in the lowest plant population in either row width indicating that seed costs could be reduced without decreasing yield.
Identification of Stably Expressed Quantitative Trait Loci for Grain Yield and Protein Content Using Recombinant Inbred Line and Reciprocal Introgression Line Populations in Rice
Authors: Cheng Lirui , Xu Qin , Zheng Tianqing , Ye Guoyou , Luo Chenggang , Xu Jianlong , Li Zhikang 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTImprovements of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain yield and protein content are important breeding objectives. Two hundred forty recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between japonica cultivar Xiushui09 and indica breeding line IR2061‐520‐6‐9 were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting grain yield per plant (GYP) and protein content (PC) in rice. A total of five main‐effect QTLs (M‐QTLs) were identified on chromosomes 2, 4, 7, 10, and 12, which collectively explained 50.06% of the total phenotypic variance. As for PC, a total of four M‐QTLs were identified on chromosomes 2, 5, 10, and 11, which explained 41.44% of the total phenotypic variance. A total six pairs of epistatic QTLs (E‐QTLs) were identified. Furthermore, the M‐QTLs for GYP and PC detected in the RIL population were confirmed by two sets of BC2F6 reciprocal introgression lines (ILs) derived from the same parents and tested in Sanya and Hangzhou. The results indicated that four M‐QTLs (qGYP‐7 and qGYP‐12 for GYP and qPC‐10 and qPC‐11 for PC) showed stable expressions and consistent pyramiding effects across different environments under different genetic backgrounds. The ILs with pyramided nonallelic alleles at M‐QTLs for GYP from Xiushui09 in IR2061‐520‐6‐9 genetic background or the alleles of M‐QTLs for PC from IR2061‐520‐6‐9 in Xiushui09 genetic background provided some useful information on marker‐assisted selection (MAS) for developing either higher GYP or higher PC cultivars. Two lines, XS‐198 and IR146, with favorable alleles at four M‐QTLs from the two parents showed high GYP and PC and thus could be directly used in production.
Homotopy analysis method for solving Abel differential equation of fractional order
Authors: Jafari Hossein , Sayevand Khosro , Tajadodi Haleh , Baleanu Dumitru 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
In this study, the homotopy analysis method is used for solving the Abel differential equation with fractional order within the Caputo sense. Stabilityand convergence of the proposed approach is investigated. The numerical results demonstrate that the homotopy analysis method is accurate and readily implemented.
General formula for stability testing of linear systems with fractional-delay characteristic equation
Authors: Merrikh-Bayat Farshad 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIn some applications (especially in the filed of control theory) the characteristic equation of system contains fractional powers of the Laplace variable s possibly in combination with exponentials of fractional powers of s. The aim of this paper is to propose an easy-to-use and effective formula for bounded-input boundedoutput (BIBO) stability testing of a linear time-invariant system with fractional-delay characteristic equation in the general form of $$\Delta \left( s \right) = P_0 \left( s \right) + \sum\nolimits_{i = 1}^N {P_i \left( s \right)\exp ( - \zeta _i s^{\beta _i } ) = 0}$$, where P i(s) (i = 0,...,N) are the so-called fractional-order polynomials and ξ i and β i are positive real constants. The proposed formula determines the number of the roots of such a characteristic equation in the right half-plane of the first Riemann sheet by applying Rouche’s theorem. Numerical simulations are also presented to confirm the efficiency of the proposed formula.
The protective effect of crocin on the amyloid fibril formation of aβ42 peptide in vitro
Authors: Ghahghaei Arezou , Bathaie S. , Kheirkhah Hoda , Bahraminejad Elmira 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAβ is the main constituent of the amyloid plaque found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. There are two common isoforms of Aβ: the more common form, Aβ40, and the less common but more amyloidogenic form, Aβ42. Crocin is a carotenoid from the stigma of the saffron flower and it has many medicinal properties, including antioxidant effects. In this study, we examined the potential of crocin as a drug candidate against Aβ42 amyloid formation. The thioflavin T-binding assay and electron microscopy were used to examine the effects of crocin on the extension and disruption of Aβ42 amyloids. To further investigate the relationship between crocin and Aβ42 structure, we analyzed peptide conformation using the ANS-binding assay and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. An increase in the thioflavin T fluorescence intensity upon incubation revealed amyloid formation in Aβ42. It was found that crocin has the ability to prevent amyloid formation by decreasing the fluorescence intensity. Electron microscopy data also indicated that crocin decreased the amyloid fibril content of Aβ. The ANS-binding assay showed that crocin decreased the hydrophobic area in incubated Aβ42. CD spectroscopy results also showed that the peptide undergoes a structural change to α-helical and β-turn. Our study shows that the anti-amyloidogenic effect of crocin may be exerted not only by the inhibition of Aβ amyloid formation but also by the disruption of amyloid aggregates. Therefore, crocin could be essential in the search for therapies inhibiting aggregation or disrupting aggregation.
Invasive congeners are unlikely to hybridize with native Hawaiian Bidens (Asteraceae)
Authors: Knope Matthew L. , Pender Richard J. , Crawford Daniel J. , Wieczorek Ania M. 
Published: June 2013

• Premise of the study: Invasive plant species threaten native plants in multiple ways, one of which is genetic assimilation through hybridization. However, information regarding hybridization between related alien and native plant species is generally lacking. In Hawaii, the invasive Central American species Bidens pilosa and Bidens alba have colonized natural areas and often grow alongside the native Hawaiian Bidens species, a clade representing an adaptive radiation of 27 endemic taxa, many of which are threatened or endangered.• Methods: To assess the risk of hybridization between introduced and native Hawaiian Bidens (which will readily hybridize with one another), we undertook crosses in cultivation between the invasive species and nine native Bidens taxa.• Key results: The majority of the crosses formed no viable seed. Although seed did mature in several of the crosses, morphological screening of the resulting seedlings indicated that they were the result of self‐pollination.• Conclusions: This result suggests that B. alba and B. pilosa are incapable of hybridizing with these Hawaiian Bidens taxa. Further, we found that B. alba in Hawaii was self‐compatible, despite self‐incompatibility throughout its native range, and that the tetraploid species B. alba and the hexaploid species B. pilosa were cross‐compatible, although pollen fertility was low.
Les conditions d'une totalisation éthique de l'autre. Entre humanisation, catégorisation et personnalisation
Authors: Marchal Hervé 
Published: June 2013

L’article met en évidence trois logiques d’appréhension de l’autre considérées comme des qualités anthropologiques ou universelles : l’humanisation, la catégorisation et la personnalisation. Dès lors, il est question d’analyser plus finement les contours de ces trois facultés relationnelles à travers des épreuves qu’elles induisent directement dans le quotidien de chacun : l’humanité, l’inhumanité et la singularité. La conjugaison de ces trois registres d’identification d’autrui apparaît comme une condition nécessaire à l’instauration d’une véritable éthique relationnelle à même de considérer l’autre dans toute son épaisseur, à la fois comme un être humain, une catégorie spécifique et une personne singulière. Autrement dit, il s’agit de comprendre, dans une veine maussienne, comment l’autre peut être totalisé afin d’être saisi dans toute sa matière existentielle.
L'expérience d'un thérapeute en Afrique noire
Authors: Lehmann Jean-Pierre 
Published: June 2013

Est rapportée une expérience de thérapeute en Côte d’Ivoire remontant à plus d’une quarantaine d’années. Dans un dispensaire faisant partie du Service de santé scolaire et universitaire d’Abidjan, l’auteur a reçu quelque 2 000 élèves et étudiants Parallèlement, il effectuait des recherches ethnopsychiatriques auprès des guérisseurs traditionnels et des prophètes-guérisseurs. Les consultants reçus au dispensaire provenaient de trente-quatre ethnies différentes de Côte d’Ivoire et d’ethnies diverses d’une dizaine de pays d’Afrique de l’ouest. Plus de 70 % d’entre eux étaient issus de familles polygames dont les comportements étaient différents si les familles étaient patrilinéaires ou matrilinéaires, patrilocales ou matrilocales. Il fallait également prendre en compte le rôle de l’oncle maternel, donc de l’interférence pour l’enfant de deux filiations, sans compter que l’autorité paternelle pouvait être également exercée par un tuteur. En grande majorité, les élèves se plaignaient de « Brain fag syndrome », trouble psychosomatique lié à la situation d’acculturation, pris qu’ils étaient entre des désirs contradictoires et des intelligibilités non cohérentes entre elles. Pour tenter d’y remédier, le thérapeute a eu recours aux psychothérapies verbales mais plus encore à la relaxation individuelle et surtout en groupe où pouvaient jouer des mécanismes semblables à ceux qui régissent, dans leurs sociétés, les classes d’âge.
Rencontre et soins psychiques des nourrisson en souffrance et de leur famille dans des situations à haut risque psychosocial
Authors: Lamour Martine , Barraco de Pinto Marthe 
Published: June 2013

Les auteures témoignent de leur expérience clinique d’une trentaine d’années après de nourrissons dans des situations à haut risque psychosocial. Pour donner accès à des soins spécialisés à ces bébés et à leurs parents aux prises avec des troubles graves de la parentalité, deux modes d’abord se sont révélés particulièrement adaptés : les visites à domicile et le travail en réseau avec les différents professionnels impliqués.Elles développent les particularités de ces soins. Elles mettent en évidence les conditions nécessaires à la mise en place d’un cadre thérapeutique et les difficultés qui se rencontrent dans les VAD (visites à domicile). Elles analysent la dynamique des mouvements contre-transférentiels des soignants vis-à-vis des parents et des enfants, ainsi que ce qui se rejoue des problématiques familiales entre les différentes équipes du réseau, car exprimer leurs ressentis, pour les professionnels, leur donner sens à la lumière des dysfonctionnements familiaux, faire une évaluation en intégrant l’apport de chacun et garder le développement de l’enfant au centre des préoccupations permet, véritablement, de coconstruire un projet thérapeutique pour ces familles.
L’immigration en Italie
Authors: Pesenti-Rossi Erik 
Published: June 2013

Erik Pesenti-Rossi évoque les différentes modalités des bouleversements qu’a connu la société italienne avec l’arrivée des flux migratoires, à travers l’analyse de quelques films italiens traitant de l’immigration en Italie et de deux œuvres d’écrivains immigrés écrivant en italien : Geneviève Makaping, d’origine camerounaise et Parviz R. Parvizyan, d’origine iranienne.
Regards croisés sur l’immigration marocaine en Italie
Authors: Felici Isabelle 
Published: June 2013

Cet article est une étude du premier roman de Younis Tawfik, poète et écrivain d’origine iraquienne, installé depuis plusieurs décennies à Turin, où il a vu arriver et s’installer différents flux de population étrangère, notamment marocaine. La straniera (1999) met en scène la lutte pour la vie et la dignité d’une jeune femme marocaine fraîchement arrivée en Italie, et les interrogations du protagoniste masculin, immigré de longue date et parfaitement intégré, que la rencontre avec la jeune femme renvoie à son passé et à son statut d’étranger. L’article met en lumière la dimension didactique du roman, qui, à sa façon, explique l’« Orient » aux Italiens, analyse les croisements qui s’opèrent entre deux parcours immigrés et examine les modalités qui, selon l’auteur, viennent définir le dialogue interculturel.
Un nouveau Risorgimento du cinéma : Rossellini lecteur de Stendhal (cent) cinquante ans après
Authors: Testa Carlo 
Published: June 2013

Cet article fait d'abord le tour des raisons qui rendaient le Risorgimento (parachevé par l'unification de 1861) un thème actuel pour le public italien de 1961, au moment du dit « miracolo economico ». C'est en profitant de cette actualité, au moment du premier centenaire de la nation italienne, que sortit le film Vanina Vanini, re-créé par Roberto Rossellini sur la base de la nouvelle homonyme de Stendhal. Pourtant, malgré le moment favorable, la re-création littérature-cinéma opérée par Rossellini ne s'avéra pas fructueuse, à cause de certains obstacles matériels et commerciaux qui firent entrave aux intentions artistiques du metteur en scène. L'article examine ces contraintes -- qui hantaient et hantent toujours l'industrie cinématographique de par sa structure même -- et souligne que Rossellini sut lui-même tirer des conclusions courageusement radicales à partir de l'échec artistique essuyé dans son entreprise stendhalienne. Le film Vanina Vanini constitua le tournant décisif dans l'évolution du film de fiction de Rossellini vers les films didactiques et pédagogiques qu'il tourna en Italie et en France pendant les 15 dernières années de sa carrière.
Becoming-Ariel: Viewing Julie Taymor’s The Tempest through an Ecocritical Lens
Authors: Sibley-Esposito Clare 
Published: June 2013

The burgeoning field of ecocriticism takes what Cheryll Glotfelty has referred to as an “earth-centered approach” to cultural productions, with ecocritics sharing a concern with the interconnectedness of human and non-human spheres. This article presents a brief overview of some ecocritical readings of The Tempest, before interpreting Julie Taymor’s cinematographic adaptation in the light of such considerations. Taymor attributes a rather unproblematic power of manipulation of the natural world to her Prospera, yet some of her directorial choices, operating within the specificity of the film medium, tend nonetheless to highlight certain ecocritically-relevant dimensions of Shakespeare’s text. By viewing the film through an ecocritical lens, whilst borrowing terminology from Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, the figure of Ariel can be seen as operating on a “molecular plane” of ontological interconnectivity, in contrast to the “molar mode” of binary oppositions inherent in Prospera’s desire to dominate natural forces.
Electric Ladyland: And the Gods Made Love
Authors: Whiteley Sheila 
Published: June 2013

My discussion of Electric Ladyland relates to narratives of gender and sexuality – sometimes misplaced, sometimes elusive – an exploration that relates to the liminal quality of Hendrix's musical language. More specifically I discuss how he communicates the erotic, the supernatural and the extraordinariness of experience through his relationship to his guitar, his Electric Lady. As bluesman, Tom Attah, observed, ‘with Hendrix the physical becomes a frame of reference for the quality of the extra-ordinary experience. Time and again this is not only represented but actually given to us in his music; instrumental music becomes voices, voices become percussion, percussion becomes time; time becomes stretched and condensed and the whole becomes a Proustian rush that is a remembrance of the future’, ‘a spiral in which every curve inspires and propels the next arc of itself forward, downward and/or outward’. (Foucault, 1988: 35) What follows is my interpretation of the spiral, prefaced by earlier excursions into the Hendrix ‘experience’. It is hoped that this will lead to a broader debate on the ways in which the historical, demographic, sociological context itself determines other perceptions, representations and appropriations.
Regulatory CD8+ T Cells Associated with Erosion of Immune Surveillance in Persistent Virus Infection Suppress In Vitro and Have a Reversible Proliferative Defect
Authors: Hu Zhuting , Zhang Weijun , Usherwood Edward J. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
CD4+ T cell help is critical for CD8+ T cell memory and immune surveillance against persistent virus infections. Our recent data have showed the lack of CD4+ T cells leads to the generation of an IL-10–producing CD8+ T cell population during persistent murine γ-herpesvirus-68 (MHV-68) infection. IL-10 from these cells is partly responsible for erosion in immune surveillance, leading to spontaneous virus reactivation in lungs. In this study, we further characterized the generation, phenotype, and function of these IL-10–producing CD8+ T cells by comparing with a newly identified IL-10–producing CD8+ T cell population present during the acute stage of the infection. The IL-10–producing CD8+ populations in acute and chronic stages differed in their requirement for CD4+ T cell help, the dependence on IL-2/CD25 and CD40–CD40L pathways, and the ability to proliferate in vitro in response to anti-CD3 stimulation. IL-10–producing CD8+ T cells in the chronic stage showed a distinct immunophenotypic profile, sharing partial overlap with the markers of previously reported regulatory CD8+ T cells, and suppressed the proliferation of naive CD8+ T cells. Notably, they retained the ability to produce effector cytokines and cytotoxic activity. In addition, the proliferative defect of the cells could be restored by addition of exogenous IL-2 or blockade of IL-10. These data suggest that the IL-10–producing CD8+ T cells arising in chronic MHV-68 infection in the absence of CD4+ T cell help belong to a subset of CD8+ regulatory T cells.
Role of High Endothelial Venule–Expressed Heparan Sulfate in Chemokine Presentation and Lymphocyte Homing
Authors: Tsuboi Koichiro , Hirakawa Jotaro , Seki Emiko , Imai Yasuyuki , Yamaguchi Yu , Fukuda Minoru , Kawashima Hiroto 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Lymphocyte homing to peripheral lymph nodes (PLNs) is mediated by multistep interactions between lymphocytes and high endothelial venules (HEVs). Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in the presentation of chemokines on the surface of HEVs during this process. However, it remains unclear whether this cell surface presentation is a prerequisite for lymphocyte homing. In this study, we generated conditional knockout (cKO) mice lacking Ext1, which encodes a glycosyltransferase essential for HS synthesis, by crossing Ext1flox/flox mice with GlcNAc6ST-2-Cre transgenic mice expressing Cre recombinase in HEVs. Immunohistochemical studies indicated that HS expression was specifically eliminated in PLN HEVs but retained in other blood vessels in the cKO mice. The accumulation of a major secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine, CCL21, on HEVs was also abrogated without affecting CCL21 mRNA levels, indicating that HS presents CCL21 on HEVs in vivo. Notably, a short-term lymphocyte homing assay indicated that lymphocyte homing to PLNs was diminished in the cKO mice by 30–40%. Consistent with this result, contact hypersensitivity responses were also diminished in the cKO mice. The residual lymphocyte homing to PLNs in the cKO mice was dependent on pertussis toxin–sensitive Gi protein signaling, in which lysophosphatidic acid–mediated signaling was partly involved. These results suggest that chemokine presentation by HS on the surface of HEVs facilitates but is not absolutely required for lymphocyte homing.
Fetal–Maternal Alignment of Regulatory T Cells Correlates with IL-10 and Bcl-2 Upregulation in Pregnancy
Authors: Santner-Nanan Brigitte , Straubinger Kathrin , Hsu Peter , Parnell Grant , Tang Ben , Xu Bei , Makris Angela , Hennessy Annemarie , Peek Michael J. , Busch Dirk H. , Prazeres da Costa Clarissa , Nanan Ralph 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Transplacental immune regulation refers to the concept that during pregnancy, significant cross-talk occurs between the maternal and fetal immune system with potential long-term effects for both the mother and child. In this study, we made the surprising observation that there is a strong correlation of peripheral blood regulatory T (Treg) cells between the mother and the fetus. In contrast, there is no significant Treg cell correlation between paternal fetal dyads (pairs), suggesting that the specific context of pregnancy, rather than the genetic parental similarity to the fetus, is responsible for this correlation. Gene microarray analysis of Treg cells identified a typical IL-10–dependent signature in maternal and fetal Treg cells. In addition, a direct correlation of serum IL-10 protein levels between maternal fetal dyads was observed. Furthermore, we show that maternal serum IL-10 levels correlate with serum estradiol and estriol, implicating hormonal involvement in this alignment. Interestingly, we show that Treg cells possess higher expression of IL-10 receptor α and that Treg cell IL-10 receptor α expression directly correlates with their Bcl-2 expression. Indeed, in vitro data in both humans and mice demonstrate that IL-10 upregulates Bcl-2 specifically in Treg cells but not non-Treg cells. Our results provide evidence for transplacental regulation of cellular immunity and suggest that IL-10 may influence Treg cell homeostasis through its effect on Treg cell Bcl-2 expression. These novel findings have important implications on immune tolerance in pregnancy and beyond in areas of autoimmunity, allergy, and transplantation.