bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of Muscular Metastasis in a Case of Parathyroid Carcinoma Using 18F-FAPI-04 PET/CT
Authors: Chen Jie , Zhao Min , An Qi , Wei Lan , Chen Bin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A 46-year-old woman underwent surgery for parathyroid carcinoma 2 years ago. During follow-up, the patient presented with elevated parathyroid hormone (127.50 pg/mL; normal, 15–65). No abnormal uptake of 18F-FDG or 11C-choline was observed on 18F-FDG and 11C-choline PET/CT imaging. The patient was enrolled in a clinical trial for 18F-FAPI PET/CT imaging, revealing a lesion with intense focal uptake within the left sternocleidomastoid muscle. The patient underwent surgery. Postoperative pathology and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed parathyroid carcinoma metastasis.
Early Impact of Bevacizumab on the 99mTc-HYNIC-PSMA-11 Uptake in a Case of Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Ghaedian Tahereh , Alipour Abdolmajid , Rakhsha Abbas , Nasrollahi Hamid , Saffarian Arash 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly vascularized tumor with reported high prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression. On the other hand, bevacizumab as an antiangiogenesis drug is increasingly used in the treatment of GBM recurrence. We present a case of GBM recurrence with significant reduction of 99mTc-HYNIC-PSMA-11 uptake in her tumor 1 week after administration of 2 doses of bevacizumab with 2 weeks’ interval. This case emphasizes the main mechanism of PSMA uptake in GBM secondary to angiogenesis and also implies a potential interaction of bevacizumab with PSMA uptake that should be especially considered during diagnostic and therapeutic application of PSMA radiotracers in GBM.
Changes in Ventricular Volume After Posterior Vault Distraction Osteogenesis in Patients With Syndromic and Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis
Authors: Pontell Matthew E. , Barrero Carlos E. , Naidu Kirin , Hitchner Michaela , Wagner Connor S. , Salinero Lauren K. , Swanson Jordan W. , Bartlett Scott P. , Taylor Jesse A. 
Published: August 2024

Objective:
Little is known about the response of the ventricular system to cranial vault surgery in patients with craniosynostosis. This study aims to evaluate the changes in the cerebral ventricular system in response to posterior vault distraction osteogenesis (PVDO) in patients with syndromic and nonsyndromic craniosynostosis.

Methods:
A single-institution retrospective review of all patients with craniosynostosis undergoing PVDO from 2000 to 2022 was completed. Patients were included for analysis if they had pre and postoperative cranial computed tomography scans. Ventricular volume (VV) and intracranial volume (ICV) were calculated using segmentation software.

Results:
Both patients with syndromic synostosis and nonsyndromic synostosis (NSS) experienced a significant increase in ICV after PVDO, but only patients with NSS experienced a significant VV change (P = 0.004). After normalization by ICV, total, lateral, and third VV changes retained significance with percentage increases of 114%, 117%, and 89%, respectively (P < 0.05 for all).

Conclusion:
The differing results between cohorts reinforce the concept that the intracranial milieu is different between patients with syndromic synostosis and NSS. The results of the NSS cohort suggest that these patients may exist in a compensated state in which a reduction in cerebral blood flow and VV allows for the maintenance of parenchymal health to prevent the development of intracranial hypertension. Further studies may explore VV as a surrogate marker of ICP elevation, and the utility of cranial vault remodeling on nonsynostotic pathologies with cephalocranial disproportion.
Polyfracture and Cranial Injuries Drive the Cost and Inpatient Burden of Zygoma Fractures
Authors: Weitzman Rachel E. , Zhao Karena , Subramanian Tejas , Shomorony Andre , Sclafani Anthony P. 
Published: August 2024

Importance:
Facial trauma makes up a significant number of emergency room visits, with morbidity costs in excess of 1 billion dollars each year. Few studies have evaluated the economic outcomes of management and inpatient burden of facial trauma, most focusing solely on the mandible and isolated midface fractures.

Objective:
The authors aim to evaluate characteristics associated with increased cost and length of hospitalization of zygoma fracture management.

Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Setting:
Level 1—trauma academic medical center.

Participants:
Patients with zygoma fractures who presented to our institution from 2008 to 2021.

Main Outcomes and Measures:
Demographics, injury mechanisms, associated injuries, treatment information, and associated costs were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the patient and fracture characteristics associated with increased cost and length of hospitalization.

Results:
Our 14-year experience identified 689 patients with zygoma fractures who presented from 2008 to 2021. Seventy percent were male, and 40% occurred in Caucasian patients. The mean cost, adjusted for inflation, was $21,799.34, and the mean length of hospitalization was 5.5 days. Four or more fractures, associated cranial or intracranial injuries, and length of stay were associated with significantly higher cost, and 4 or more fractures, associated cranial or intracranial injuries, and female gender were associated with significantly longer length of hospitalization.

Conclusions and Relevance:
This study represents one of the largest comprehensive databases of zygoma fractures and one of the first to provide a descriptive cost and inpatient burden analysis. To improve outcomes and reduce hospital cost and inpatient burden, protocols should be implemented to address the factors that the authors identified as contributing to increased cost and length of hospitalization.
METTL14/IGF2BP2-MEDIATED M6A MODIFICATION OF STEAP1 AGGRAVATES ACUTE LUNG INJURY INDUCED BY SEPSIS
Authors: Lai Junhua , Yu Shaochi , Li Xia , Wei Qiuxing , Qin Jian 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe complication of sepsis, characterized by inflammation, edema, and injury to alveolar cells, leading to high mortality rates. Septic ALI is a complex disease involving multiple factors and signaling pathways. STEAP family member 1 (STEAP1) has been reported to be upregulated in a sepsis-induced ALI model. However, the role of STEAP1 in the regulation of septic ALI is not yet fully understood. Methods: The study stimulated human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) using lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to establish an in vitro ALI model. The study used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to measure mRNA expression, and western blotting assay or immunohistochemistry assay to analyze protein expression. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was performed to assess cell viability. Flow cytometry was conducted to analyze cell apoptosis. Tube formation assay was used to analyze the tube formation rate of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure the levels of interleukin 1beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha. The levels of Fe2+ and reactive oxygen species were determined using colorimetric and fluorometric assays, respectively. The glutathione level was also determined using a colorimetric assay. m6A RNA immunoprecipitation assay, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were performed to identify the association of STEAP1 with methyltransferase 14, N6-adenosine-methyltransferase noncatalytic subunit (METTL14) and insulin like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2). The transcript half-life of STEAP1 was analyzed by actinomycin D assay. Finally, a rat model of polymicrobial sepsis was established to analyze the effects of STEAP1 knockdown on lung injury in vivo. Results: We found that the mRNA expression levels of STEAP1 and METTL14 were upregulated in the blood of ALI patients induced by sepsis compared to healthy volunteers. LPS treatment increased the protein levels of STEAP1 and METTL14 in HPMECs. STEAP1 depletion attenuated LPS-induced promoting effects on HPMECs’ apoptosis, inflammatory response, and ferroptosis, as well as LPS-induced inhibitory effect on tube formation. We also found that METTL14 and IGF2BP2 stabilized STEAP1 mRNA expression through the m6A methylation modification process. Moreover, METTL14 silencing attenuated LPS-induced effects by decreasing STEAP1 expression in HPMECs, and STEAP1 silencing ameliorated cecal ligation and puncture-induced lung injury of mice. Conclusion: METTL14/IGF2BP2-mediated m6A modification of STEAP1 aggravated ALI induced by sepsis. These findings suggest potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of this disease.
Intra-individual variability in the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on free choice saccade behaviour
Authors: Caie Brandon , Blohm Gunnar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is used as a tool to causally influence neural activity in humans non-invasively. Although most studies recruit a large number of participants in order to uncover population-level effects, growing evidence suggests that tDCS may be expected to induce different effects in different individuals, leading to large inter-individual variability and confounds in population-level testing. Alternatively, this variability may arise from intra-individual sources that are difficult to assess in standard designs. Here, we performed between 8 and 10 sessions of tDCS within individuals to understand how intra-individual variability impacts the inference of tDCS effects. We recruited 5 participants who underwent functional MRI to localize the human frontal eye field (FEF) homologue. An HD-tDCS montage was used to stimulate the target location based on individual MRI localizations, alternating the polarity between anodal or cathodal current over 8-10 repeated sessions during a 5 week period. Participants performed a free choice task before and after stimulation while recording EEG activity. We then developed a difference-in-difference method based on permutation testing to assess the likelihood of a causal effect of tDCS at different levels of abstraction: group-level, inter-individual, and intra-individual. At the group-level, we found evidence for an influence of tDCS on choice reaction times, which followed a reaction-time dependent change in alpha-band activity, and on how choices depended on recent history. However, individuals showed heterogeneous, and often contradictory, effects. We then analyzed the distribution of session permutations at the intra-individual level, and found a discrepancy between the inter-individual effects that survived significance testing and the intra-individual effects that correlated on a session-session basis. We argue that, while the observed variability may have arisen from a combination of inter and intra-individual differences relevant to tDCS-dependent mechanisms of action, it may be equally well explained by spurious effects arising from history-dependence between repeated measures that are typically assumed to be independent. In light of this, we assess the counterfactuals that must be evaluated in order to make data-driven inferences about the causal effects of tDCS on free choice behaviour and its neural correlates.
Mozambican Food Pyramid
Authors: Fotinho Ernesto Francisco Maborre 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionIn order to support nutritionists and other food and nutrition education actors in Mozambique in improving the approaches of intervention messages to fight for chronic malnutrition and other nutritional related diseases that plague the country, this work brings the adaptation of the American food pyramid published in 1993 to the local reality.MethodsThe pyramid was built with the foods distributed in eight groups (Basic Foods, fruits, vegetables, legumes, milk, meats, fats and sugars) and in 5 levels. Each level was presented in minimum and medium portions to be consumed according to the established standard diets. The portions and the food equivalents tables were defined according to the caloric contribution of each food group using an automated spreadsheet of Microsoft Excel, version 19, and based on the principle of linear programming. The pyramid was based on two standard diets (1693 kcal and 2300 kcal) with four meals for both.ResultsThe percentage distribution of macronutrients in both diets is within the recommended range: Carbohydrates (45 to 65%), lipids (20 to 35%) and proteins (10 to 35%). Special attention was given to the milk group by calculating the bioavailable calcium values.DiscussionFactors such as food availability, dietary reference intake, and eating habits of the local population were elements of adaptation to the local context.ConclusionFurther studies are needed to validate and implement the instrument so that it becomes an effective and practical tool.Key messageWhat is already known on this topic:The tools that are currently used to promote healthy eating habits existing in parents present a gap regarding the portions of each food group that should be consumed, constituting a limitation for professionals in the area, who have been struggling to seek information on graphic representations of foods from other countries that do not fit the local reality.What this study adds:This study brings an adaptation of a graphic representation of foods closer to the local reality, which includes foods that are part of the usual diet of the local population, their recommended portions and a list of substitute foods.How this study might affect research, practice or policyThis study will contribute to the improvement of food and nutrition education messages and will serve as basic elements in the design of programs, strategies and intervention policies to combat chronic malnutrition that affects the country.
The phenomenology of psilocybin’s experience mediates subsequent persistent psychological effects independently of sex, previous experience or setting
Authors: Klučková Tereza , Nikolič Marek , Tylš Filip , Viktorin Vojtěch , Vejmola Čestmír , Viktorinová Michaela , Bravermanová Anna , Androvičová Renáta , Andrashko Veronika , Korčák Jakub , Zach Peter , Hájková Kateřina , Kuchař Martin , Balíková Marie , Brunovský Martin , Horáček Jiří , Páleníček Tomáš 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies have intensively explored the potential antidepressant effects of psilocybin. However, important variables such as previous experience, repeated administration, setting and sex remain underexplored. This study describes the acute psilocybin experience and long-term effects in a small sample of healthy individuals.MethodsIn a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study, 40 healthy participants (20 females, mean age 38, sd 8) received two doses of psilocybin 0.26 mg/kg per os at least 56 days apart (mean 354 days) in two study arms (EEG and fMRI). Near half of participants had experience with psychedelics. The Altered State of Consciousness Scale (ASC) and a visual analogue scale (VAS) on emotional valence of the phenomenology assessed acute phenomenology. The Persisting Effects Questionnaire (PEQ) assessed long- term effects. Venous blood samples were taken to measure serum psilocin levels.ResultsAll results were independent of previous experience, sex, EEG or fMRI arm/setting. Acute psychedelic effects were of moderate intensity on ASC. The VAS showed mostly pleasant and fluctuating, and only one unpleasant only experience. All experiences resolved in a positive or neutral state at the end of the session. Psilocybin induced sustained positive effects on all domains of the PEQ, with negligible negative effects. Oceanic Boundlessness and Visual Restructuralization were associated with positive effects on PEQ. Contrary to expectations, Dread of Ego Dissolution, typically associated with fearful experiences, was not associated with PEQ negative outcomes. The type of experience (pleasant or mixed) did not correlate with the intensity or direction of the lasting effect; however, peak experiences culminating in a positive mood were associated with positive long- term effects.ConclusionIn our sample repeated administration of psilocybin to healthy volunteers, induces positive, lasting effects. This underscores the psychological safety of psilocybin in a laboratory setting and supports its repeated use in clinical trials. In particular, challenging or anxiety-provoking experiences in controlled environments did not lead to adverse long-term outcomes.Clinical trial registration: EudraCT 2012-004579-37,https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2012-004579-37/CZ.
An updated molecular diagnostic for surveillance oftetMinNeisseria gonorrhoeae
Authors: Palace Samantha G. , Reyes Jordan A. , Neubauer Vickers Eric , Aatresh Aishani V. , Shen Wei , Iqbal Zamin , Grad Yonatan H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDoxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (doxy-PEP) for sexually transmitted bacterial infections reduces the risk of syphilis and chlamydia, but effectiveness against gonorrhea is variable, likely attributable to varying resistance rates. As doxy-PEP is incorporated into clinical practice, an urgent unanswered question is whether increased doxycycline use will drive tetracycline-class resistance inNeisseria gonorrhoeae. Here, we report an updated RT-PCR molecular diagnostic to detect thetetMgene that confers high-level tetracycline resistance inN. gonorrhoeae.
NewZNHIT3Variants Disrupting snoRNP Assembly Cause Prenatal PEHO Syndrome with Isolated Hydrops
Authors: Rahman Md Lutfur , Bonnard Adeline A. , Wang Feng , Ruaud Lyse , Guimiot Fabien , Li Yangping , Defer Ines , Wang Yilin , Marchand Virginie , Motorin Yuri , Yao Bing , Drunat Séverine , Ghalei Homa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractZNHIT3 (zinc finger HIT type containing protein 3) is an evolutionarily conserved protein required for ribosome biogenesis by mediating the assembly of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) of class C/D into ribonucleoprotein complexes (snoRNPs). Missense mutations in the gene encoding ZNHIT3 protein have been previously reported to cause PEHO syndrome, a severe neurodevelopmental disorder typically presenting after birth. We discuss here the case of two fetuses from a single family who presented with isolated hydrops during the early second trimester of pregnancy, resulting in intrauterine demise. Autopsy revealed no associated malformation. Through whole-genome quartet analysis, we identified two novel variants within theZNHIT3gene, both inherited from healthy parents and occurring as compound heterozygotes in both fetuses. The c.40T>C p.Cys14Arg variant originated from the father, while the c.251_254delAAGA variant was of maternal origin. Analysis of the variants in human cell culture models reveals that both variants reduce cell growth, albeit to different extents, and impact the protein’s stability and function in distinct ways. The c.251_254delAAGA results in production of a stable form of ZNHIT3 that lacks a domain required for mediating snoRNP biogenesis, whereas the c.40T>C p.Cys14Arg variation behaves similarly to the previously described PEHO-associatedZNHIT3variants that destabilize the protein. Interestingly, both variations lead to a marked decrease in specific box C/D snoRNA levels, reduced rRNA levels and cellular translation. Analysis of rRNA methylation pattern in fetus samples reveals distinct sites of hypo 2’-O-methylation. RNA-seq analysis of undifferentiated and differentiated SHSY5Y cells transfected with theZNHIT3variants reveals differential expression of a set of genes, many of which are associated with developmental processes and RNA binding compared to cells expressing wild-type ZNHIT3. In summary, this work extends the phenotype of PEHO syndrome to include antenatal manifestations and describe the molecular defects induced by two novelZNHIT3variants.
Rapid and robust identification of sepsis using SeptiCyte RAPID in a heterogenous patient population
Authors: Balk Robert , Esper Annette M. , Martin Greg S. , Miller Russell R. , Lopansri Bert K. , Burke John P. , Levy Mitchell , Rothman Richard E. , D’Alessio Franco R. , Sidhaye Venkataramana K. , Aggarwal Neil R. , Greenberg Jared A. , Yoder Mark , Patel Gourang , Gilbert Emily , Parada Jorge P. , Afshar Majid , Kempker Jordan A. , van der Poll Tom , Schultz Marcus J. , Scicluna Brendon P. , Klouwenberg Peter M. C. Klein , Liebler Janice , Blodget Emily , Kumar Santhi , Mei Xue W. , Navalkar Krupa , Yager Thomas D. , Sampson Dayle , Kirk James T. , Cermelli Silvia , Davis Roy F. , Brandon Richard B. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground/ObjectiveSeptiCyte RAPID is a transcriptional host response assay that discriminates between sepsis and non-infectious systemic inflammation (SIRS) with a one-hour turnaround time. The overall performance of this test in a cohort of 419 patients has recently been described [Balk et al., J Clin Med 2024, 13, 1194]. In this study we present results from a detailed stratification analysis in which SeptiCyte RAPID performance was evaluated in the same cohort across patient groups and subgroups encompassing different demographics, comorbidities and disease, sources and types of pathogens, interventional treatments, and clinically defined phenotypes. The aims were to identify variables that might affect the ability of SeptiCyte RAPID to discriminate between sepsis and SIRS, and to determine if any patient subgroups appeared to present a diagnostic challenge for the test.Methods1) Subgroup analysis, with subgroups defined by individual demographic or clinical variables, using conventional statistical comparison tests. 2) Principal component analysis and k-means clustering analysis, to investigate phenotypic subgroups defined by unique combinations of demographic and clinical variables.ResultsNo significant differences in SeptiCyte RAPID performance were observed between most groups and subgroups. One notable exception involved an enhanced SeptiCyte RAPID performance for a phenotypic subgroup defined by a combination of clinical variables suggesting a septic shock response.ConclusionsWe conclude that for this patient cohort SeptiCyte RAPID performance was largely unaffected by key variables associated with heterogeneity in patients suspected of sepsis.