bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expanding economic protection to the elderly inLatinAmerica
Authors: Rofman Rafael , Apella Ignacio , Vezza Evelyn 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis article addresses the reforms introduced inLatinAmerican pension systems that had the aim of increasing coverage beyond formal‐sector workers. For this purpose, fourteen representative regional experiences are analysed using a taxonomy based on features of the cases examined in terms of design, implementation and results. The findings show that, although the reforms share the goal of expanding coverage, there are significant differences deriving from the context in which they were originally designed, their goals, and the capacity available to implement them. The results are not homogeneous, and it is possible to identify some aspects in which policy decisions can lead to better or worse results.
Extending maternity protection to all women: Trends, challenges and opportunities
Authors: Addati Laura 
Published: March 2015

AbstractProtecting maternity at work has been one of the primary concerns of the International Labour Organization since its foundation in 1919. Along with fundamental human rights treaties, the adoption of the Maternity Protection Convention, 2000 (No. 183) and, more recently, the ILO Recommendation concerning National Floors of Social Protection, 2012 (No. 202), have marked the universalization of the right to maternity protection and call for its extension to all women in line with the principle of equal opportunity and treatment between women and men. In the framework of these historical developments, this article presents evidence of how national legislative provisions on paid maternity leave have improved in the light of the principles of international labour standards, although a large majority of women workers are still not adequately protected in case of maternity. The article then addresses patterns of exclusion from maternity protection in law and practice, and concludes by discussing some social protection programmes that have the potential to extend maternity protection coverage and support to meet the care needs of the most vulnerable and which do so with a gender transformative focus.
The experience and perceptions of men with prostate cancer and their partners of the CONNECT psychosocial intervention: a qualitative exploration
Authors: McCaughan Eilis , McKenna Suzanne , McSorley Oonagh , Parahoo Kader 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAimTo explore the experience of prostate cancer survivors and their partners of the CONNECT psychosocial intervention.BackgroundThere is a scarcity of evidence relating to interventions to help men and their partners cope with the after affects of prostate cancer treatment.DesignThis study employed a qualitative design for in depth exploration through couple interviews. The addition of a short process evaluation questionnaire was used to supplement the qualitative data.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted between January 2012–October 2012 with a purposive sample of 11 couple dyads who had participated in the CONNECT intervention. Data were analysed using inductive content analysis. Simple descriptive statistics were used to analyse the findings from the questionnaire data.ResultsCouples perceived benefits of participating in the intervention to include: opportunities to share experiences, gain validation, obtain information and engage in couple care. The expertise of the professional facilitator and group dynamics were highlighted as factors influencing the success of the intervention. Potential areas for improvement of the intervention were identified as being: further development of the sexual dysfunction component; incorporation of a partner specific session to better address their needs; determination of optimal delivery format and timing; and further tailoring of the components of the intervention.ConclusionAlthough there were areas that could be further improved, this psychosocial intervention was valued by the participants. The insight gained from this qualitative exploration can be used to make the necessary changes before the intervention can be tested in a large randomised controlled trial.
A psychometric systematic review of self‐report instruments to identify anxiety in pregnancy
Authors: Evans Kerry , Spiby Helen , Morrell C. Jane 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAimsTo report a systematic review of the psychometric properties of self‐report instruments to identify the symptoms of anxiety in pregnancy to help clinicians and researchers select the most suitable instrument.BackgroundExcessive anxiety in pregnancy is associated with adverse birth outcomes, developmental and behavioural problems in infants and postnatal depression. Despite recommendations for routine psychological assessment in pregnancy, the optimal methods to identify anxiety in pregnancy have not been confirmed.DesignPsychometric systematic review.Data sourcesA systematic literature search of the multiple databases (1990–September 2014).Review methodsIdentification of self‐report instruments to measure anxiety in pregnancy using COSMIN guidelines to assess studies reporting a psychometric evaluation of validity and reliability.ResultsThirty‐two studies were included. Studies took place in the UK, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Germany, Italy, Scandinavia, Spain and the Netherlands. Seventeen different instruments were identified. Measures of validity were reported in 19 papers and reliability in 16. The overall quality of the papers was rated as fair to excellent using the COSMIN checklist. Only one paper scored excellent in more than one category.ConclusionMany instruments have been adapted for use in different populations to those for which they were designed. The State Trait Anxiety Inventory, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale have been tested more frequently than other instruments, yet require further assessment to confirm their value for use in pregnancy.
Influence of nursing interventions on adherence to treatment with antituberculosis drugs in children and young people: research protocol
Authors: Guix‐Comellas Eva Maria , Rozas‐Quesada Librada , Force‐Sanmartín Enriqueta , Estrada‐Masllorens Joan Maria , Galimany‐Masclans Jordi , Noguera‐Julian Antoni 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAimTo evaluate the efficacy of nursing interventions on adherence to antituberculosis medication in a paediatric cohort (aged 0‐18 years) and to identify the risk factors for non‐compliance.BackgroundAfter primary infection, children have a higher risk of developing tuberculosis and the severity of the disease is worse in children. Adherence to treatment is essential to control both latent infection and tuberculosis disease.DesignPhase 1: retrospective descriptive analysis (n = 270) in children and young people receiving antituberculosis treatment. Phase 2: quasi‐experimental, longitudinal, prospective study (n = 100). The results of the two phases will be compared.MethodsPhase 1: in children followed up during the period 2011–2013 (non‐intervention group), the level of adherence and its associated epidemiological, sociocultural and clinical risk factors will be analysed. Phase 2: educational (written information in the child's mother tongue and follow‐up telephone calls) and monitoring (Eidus‐Hamilton test and follow‐up questionnaire) nursing interventions will be implemented. The results of the two phases will be compared. The definitive Nurse‐led Follow‐up Programme will then be designed. This project was funded in October 2013.DiscussionThe risk factors for poor adherence to antituberculosis therapy need to be identified to optimize treatment success in latent tuberculosis infection and disease in children and young people. Simultaneous application of several educational and monitoring methods in nurse‐led follow‐up shall improve adherence in children and adolescents in our setting. These results may also be applicable in other settings, where tuberculosis is more prevalent and directly observed treatment strategies are not available.
Creating an Inclusive Society… How Close are We in Relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder? A General Population Survey
Authors: Dillenburger Karola , McKerr Lyn , Jordan Julie Ann , Devine Paula , Keenan Mickey 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundChildren with autism spectrum disorder are increasingly educated in mainstream classrooms in the United Kingdom (Wilkinson & Twist, Autism and Educational Assessment: UK Policy and Practice. NFER, Slough, 2010), and some employers are now specifically seeking out staff on the autism spectrum. Does that mean that we are living in an ‘inclusive society’ [United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA), Creating an Inclusive Society: Practical Strategies to Promote Social Integration 2008], in the sense that inequalities are reduced and full economic, social and cultural participation is advanced for individuals with autism?MethodsA general population survey was conducted to assess how close we, as a society, are to an inclusive society for individuals with autism in Northern Ireland. Public attitudes were examined to (i) visibility and social interaction, (ii) aetiology, needs and interventions, and (iii) rights and resources.ResultsA stratified, representative sample of 1204 adults took part in the survey; of these, 989 were aware of autism and their attitudes and behavioural projections reflected a mix of acceptance and denunciation. The level of confusion with regard to interventions reflected the general uncertainty within UK policy regarding meeting the needs of individuals on the autism spectrum (International Journal of Disability, Development and Education 61, 134, 2014a).ConclusionTherefore, it seems that inclusion is working to an extent, but more clarity is needed with regard to adequate education, intervention and support for individuals with autism.
Interleukin‐8 ‐251A/T gene polymorphism and lung cancer susceptibility: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Bin , Li Yun‐Song , Li Jie , Han Yi , Liu Zhi‐Dong 
Published: March 2015

AbstractMany studies have examined the association between the interleukin‐8 ‐251T/A (rs4073) gene polymorphism and lung cancer risk in various populations, but the results have been inconsistent. In this meta‐analysis, PubMed was searched for case–control studies published through 01 December 2013. The data were extracted, and pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. We assessed six published studies on the association between the interleukin‐8 ‐251T/A polymorphism and lung cancer risk. The included studies yielded a total of 3265 lung cancer cases and 3607 controls. For the homozygous A/A and A allele carriers (T/A + A/A), the pooled ORs for all studies combining 3265 cases and 3607 controls were 1.03 (95% CI = 0.92–1.14; P = 0.235 for heterogeneity) and 1.07 (95% CI = 0.96–1.19; P = 0.245 for heterogeneity) when compared with the homozygous wild‐type genotype (T/T). When the analysis was stratified by ethnicity, significant risks were found among Asians for both the A allele carriers and the homozygous A/A individuals. However, no significant associations were found in non‐Asian populations using any of the genetic models. This meta‐analysis suggests that the interleukin‐8 ‐251A allele confer an increased risk for the development of lung cancer among Asians.
PD‐1/PD‐L1 expression on CD4+ T cells and myeloid DCs correlates with the immune pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Liu Li , Zheng Qiangsun , Lee Jun , Ma Zhiqiang , Zhu Qiming , Wang Zhiquan 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAlthough immuno‐inflammatory response contributes to pathogenesis of AF, molecular and cellular mechanism in this process remains poorly understood. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that Programmed death‐1 (PD‐1)/PD‐1 ligand (PD‐L) pathway may be a potential pathway participating in AF pathogenesis. In this study, we detected the PD‐1 and PD‐L1, 2 expression on peripheral blood function cells by flow cytometry in 91 atrial fibrillation (AF) patients and 35 healthy volunteers. The expression of PD‐1 on CD4+ T cells and PD‐L1 on myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) in AF patients is significantly down‐regulated compared with healthy volunteers. In addition, the extent of PD‐1/PD‐L1 down‐regulation is closely related with AF burden. More importantly, Allogeneic mixed leukocyte reactions (MLR) shows that the mDCs PD‐L1 down‐regulation is associated with increased T cell (CD4+ and CD8+) proliferation, increased type 1 effector cytokines (IL‐2 and IFN‐γ) secretion, and decreased type 2 effector cytokine (IL‐10) secretion. Then, PD‐L1 up‐regulation by the stimulation of IFN‐α can significantly convert this representation. Collectively, our report suggest that T(CD4+)/mDCs‐associated PD‐1/PD‐L1 pathway plays a key role in AF immune regulation. PD‐1/PD‐L1 down‐regulation in AF patients promotes T cells function and may contribute to AF pathogenesis.
Development and Implementation of a Peer Mentoring Program for Early Career Gerontological Faculty
Authors: Bryant Ashley Leak , Aizer Brody Abraham , Perez Adriana , Shillam Casey , Edelman Linda S. , Bond Stewart M. , Foster Victoria , Siegel Elena O. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPurposeThe Hartford Gerontological Nursing Leaders (HGNL) formerly known as the Building Academic Geriatric Nursing Capacity Initiative (BAGNC), in conjunction with the National Hartford Centers of Gerontological Nursing Excellence (NHCGNE), developed and executed a peer mentoring program beginning in 2011 to enhance both (a) the experience of newly selected scholars and fellows to the NHCGNE and (b) the ongoing professional development of HGNL members. The purpose of this article is to describe key strategies used to develop and execute the peer mentoring program and to present formative program evaluation.DesignThe program was launched in January 2011 with seven peer mentor and mentee matches. In June 2012, the peer mentoring committee solicited feedback on the development of the peer mentoring program and changes were made for the subsequent cohorts.FindingsAn additional 12 matches were made in the following 2 years (2012 and 2013), for a total of 31 matches to date. We have learned several key lessons from our three cohorts regarding how to structure, implement, and carefully evaluate a peer mentoring program.ConclusionsInformal evaluation of our peer mentoring program noted several challenges for both peer mentors and mentees. Having knowledge of and addressing those challenges may increase the overall quality and effectiveness of peer mentoring programs and, in turn, benefit academic nursing by strengthening the faculty workforce.Clinical RelevanceFindings from development and implementation of a peer mentoring program for gerontological faculty could lead to new and adaptable programs in a variety of clinical and education settings.
Effect of prosthetic restoration on oral health‐related quality of life in patients with shortened dental arches: a multicentre study
Authors: Fueki K. , Igarashi Y. , Maeda Y. , Baba K. , Koyano K. , Sasaki K. , Akagawa Y. , Kuboki T. , Kasugai S. , Garrett N. R. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryThe aim of this multicentre prospective study was to investigate the effect of prosthetic restoration for missing posterior teeth in patients with shortened dental arches (SDAs). SDA patients with 2–12 missing occlusal units (a pair of occluding premolars corresponds to one unit, and a pair of occluding molars corresponds to two units) were consecutively recruited from seven university‐based dental hospitals in Japan. Patients chose no replacement of missing teeth or prosthetic treatment with removable partial dentures (RPDs) or implant‐supported fixed partial dentures (IFPDs). Oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) was measured using the oral health impact profile (Japanese version – OHIP‐J) at baseline and follow‐up/post‐treatment evaluation. Of the 169 subjects who completed baseline evaluation, 125 subjects (mean age; 63·0 years) received follow‐up/post‐treatment evaluation. No‐treatment was chosen by 42% (53/125) of the subjects, and 58% (72/125) chose treatment with a RPD (n = 53) or an IFPD (n = 19). In the no‐treatment (NT) group, the mean OHIP summary score at baseline was similar to that at follow‐up evaluation (P = 0·69). In the treatment (TRT) group, the mean OHIP summary score decreased significantly after the RPD treatment (P = 0·002), and it tended to decrease, though not statistically significant (P = 0·18), after the IFPD treatment. The restoration of one occlusal unit was associated with a 1·2‐point decrease in OHIP summary score (P = 0·034). These results suggest that the replacement of missing posterior teeth with RPDs or IFPDs improved OHRQoL. Prosthetic restoration for SDAs may benefit OHRQoL in patients needing replacement of missing posterior teeth.
Daily Dynamics of Adolescent Mood and Identity
Authors: Klimstra Theo A. , Kuppens Peter , Luyckx Koen , Branje Susan , Hale William W. , Oosterwegel Annerieke , Koot Hans M. , Meeus Wim H. J. 
Published: March 2015

Important linkages between daily mood and identity formation have been theorized, but have not been empirically tested as of yet. This study provided a first examination of these linkages within individuals (N = 392; 55.1% boys; Mage at T1 = 13.24, SD = 0.44) across 15 series of 5 days distributed over 5 years. Results revealed negative within‐time associations of educational and relational commitment with negative mood. Negative mood was positively associated with educational in‐depth exploration and educational and interpersonal reconsideration. Additionally, there were some cross‐lagged effects suggesting that identity and mood mutually affect one another across days. These results contribute to the growing knowledge on how identity unfolds in everyday life by revealing important associations with daily mood.
THE HAPPINESS AND SUBJECTIVE WELL‐BEING OF PEOPLE ON HAEMODIALYSIS
Authors: Bennett Paul N. , Weinberg Melissa K. , Bridgman Thea , Cummins Robert A. 
Published: March 2015

SUMMARYBackgroundHappiness is a construct that has been gaining more prominence in both social and health research. The measure of happiness, subjective well‐being, has not been rigorously explored in the end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD) population.ObjectivesTo measure the subjective well‐being of people with ESKD on haemodialysis and to compare their subjective well‐being with a general population cohort.DesignA cross‐sectional design measuring the subjective well‐being of an Australian haemodialysis cohort compared with a non‐dialysis age‐matched cohort.ParticipantsThe haemodialysis cohort (N = 172), recruited from eight dialysis centres, had a mean age of 64.04 years (SD = 14.82) and included 104 males (60.5%) and 66 (38.4%) females. The non‐dialysis cohort (N = 200), randomly extracted from the 2012 Australian Unity Wellbeing Index, had a mean age of 63.97 (SD = 14.68) and included 101 males (50.5%) and 99 females (49.5%).MeasurementSubjective well‐being was measured using the Personal Wellbeing Index. This seven‐item measure rates satisfaction with life in seven domains: standard of living, health, achievements in life, relationships, safety, community and future security.ResultsThe haemodialysis cohort reported lower general life satisfaction, life achievements, relationship and personal safety compared to the general population. There were no differences between the two groups for health, community and future security. Standard of living and satisfaction with life achievements carried higher importance in subjective well‐being compared with health satisfactionConclusionSubjective well‐being can be an important indicator of people's life quality to be considered by clinicians and nephrology researchers in future studies.
IgA NEPHROPATHY IN PATIENTS RECEIVING A RENAL TRANSPLANT
Authors: Lemes‐Canuto Ana Paula Pereira Santana , de Sandes‐Freitas Tainá Veras , Medina‐Pestana José Osmar , Mastroianni‐Kirsztajn Gianna 
Published: March 2015

SUMMARYBackgroundIgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the third most frequent cause of renal graft loss among patients with primary glomerulonephritis.ObjectivesTo assess clinical and laboratorial profile of patients with pre and/or post transplant IgAN, in addition to patient and graft survival in both groups.DesignData from 146 patients who had received a renal transplant were retrospectively collected and were divided in two groups: group 1‐patients with biopsy‐documented IgAN as the underlying native kidney disease (n = 128); group 2‐patients who developed post‐transplant IgAN independent of the underlying disease (n = 18).ParticipantsPatients submitted to renal transplantation (1998–2010) with pre and/or post transplant IgAN.MeasurementsClinical and laboratorial evaluation of renal function of 146 post transplant IgAN patients.ResultsRecipients and deceased donors exhibited a higher degree of HLA compatibility (1.0 vs. 2.5 mismatches for groups 1 and 2, respectively). The main post‐transplant IgAN presentation was haematuria associated with non‐nephrotic proteinuria (44.4%). A histological pattern of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was observed in 59.2% of biopsy samples. The 10‐year patient survival was 93.5% in group 1 and 100% in group 2, and the graft survival rates were 58.5 and 87.2%, respectively.ConclusionThe rate of post‐transplant IgA diagnosis in our case series was 11%, and IgAN was diagnosed late in the course of transplantation. In most cases, IgAN manifested as haematuria and non‐nephrotic proteinuria, without renal graft dysfunction, and this picture might explain late indication of graft biopsies. The 10‐year patient survival rates were excellent.
Modeling the Acceptability of Cashew Apple Nectar Brands Using the Proportional Odds Model
Authors: Lemos Tatiana De Oliveira , Rodrigues Maria Do Carmo Passos , De Lara Idemauro Antônio Rodrigues , De Araújo Ana Maria Souza , De Lemos Telma Leda Gomes , Pereira Ana Lúcia Fernandes , De Paula Laura Vicuña Torres 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe aim of this study was to use the proportional odds model to verify the acceptability of four cashew apple nectar brands fromBrazil and evaluate the influence of consumer profile in their acceptability. The consumer acceptance was performed by 100 untrained panelists, most ranging from 19 to 25‐year‐old female people. The proportional odds model was used in the acceptability modeling of the cashew apple nectar to evaluate the consumer profile influence in the acceptability. The modeling of the acceptability showed that theAandBcashew apple nectar brands were better accepted, whereas there was rejection to theCbrand. The model showed that the acceptability of the nectars was influenced by consumer profile (to like cashew apple nectar). Thus, the proportional odds model can be an alternative for consumer acceptability modeling and for relation of consumer profile and foods acceptability.Practical ApplicationsThis paper shows relevant information of the proportional odds model in verifying the cashew apple nectar acceptability by consumers. Moreover, the proportional odds model can be used to relate the consumer profile with the nectars acceptability.