bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The development of a framework for evaluating the impact of nurse consultant roles in the UK
Authors: Gerrish Kate , McDonnell Ann , Kennedy Fiona 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAimTo develop a framework to evaluate the impact of nurse consultants on patient, professional and organizational outcomes and identify associated indicators of impact.BackgroundSince nurse consultants were introduced into the UK in 2000, there has been growing interest in demonstrating their impact, although robust evidence of impact is lacking. Existing frameworks for evaluating the impact of advanced practice roles do not cover the four dimensions of the nurse consultant role sufficiently.DesignMultiple case study.MethodIndividual case studies of six nurse consultants in England were undertaken between December 2009–October 2010. Each case study involved interviews with the nurse consultant, healthcare staff, managers, patients and carers. Interviews explored participants' perceptions of the impact of the nurse consultant and indicators of actual and/or potential impact. Data were analysed using framework approach.FindingsThree domains of impact of nurse consultant roles were identified: clinical significance, professional significance and organizational significance. Each domain included three to four indicators of impact. All nurse consultants showed some evidence of impact in all three domains although the primary focus varied across the different nurse consultants. Due to the wide diversity in nurse consultant roles there was little commonality in the specific indicators of impact across all nurse consultants.ConclusionThe framework for capturing the impact of nurse consultants could be used by researchers and by nurse consultants to demonstrate their impact. Further research is required to assess the suitability of the framework for capturing the impact of other advanced practice roles.
A concept analysis of nursing overtime
Authors: Lobo Vanessa M. , Fisher Anita , Ploeg Jenny , Peachey Gladys , Akhtar‐Danesh Noori 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAimTo report a concept analysis of nursing overtime.BackgroundEconomic constraints have resulted in hospital restructuring with the aim of reducing costs. These processes often target nurse staffing (the largest organizational expense) by increasing usage of alternative staffing strategies including overtime hours. Overtime is a multifaceted, poorly defined, and indiscriminately used concept. Analysis of nursing overtime is an important step towards development and propagation of appropriate staffing strategies and rigorous research.DesignConcept analysis.Data sourcesThe search of electronic literature included indexes, grey literature, dictionaries, policy statements, contracts, glossaries and ancestry searching. Sources included were published between 1993–2012; dates were chosen in relation to increases in overtime hours used as a result of the healthcare structuring in the early 1990s. Approximately 65 documents met the inclusion criteria.Review methodsWalker and Avant's methodology guided the analysis.DiscussionNursing overtime can be defined by four attributes: perception of choice or control over overtime hours worked; rewards or lack thereof; time off duty counts equally as much as time on duty; and disruption due to a lack of preparation. Antecedents of overtime arise from societal, organizational, and individual levels. The consequences of nursing overtime can be positive and negative, affecting organizations, nurses, and the patients they care for.ConclusionThis concept analysis clarifies the intricacies surrounding nursing overtime with recommendations to advance nursing research, practice, and policies. A nursing‐specific middle‐range theory was proposed to guide the understanding and study of nursing overtime.
Genome‐wide Analysis of Plant‐specific Dof Transcription Factor Family in Tomato
Authors: Cai Xiaofeng , Zhang Yuyang , Zhang Chanjuan , Zhang Tingyan , Hu Tixu , Ye Jie , Zhang Junhong , Wang Taotao , Li Hanxia , Ye Zhibiao 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe Dof (DNA binding with One Finger) family encoding single zinc finger proteins has been known as a family of plant‐specific transcription factors. These transcription factors are involved in a variety of functions of importance for different biological processes in plants. In the current study, we identified 34 Dof family genes in tomato, distributed on 11 chromosomes. A complete overview of SlDof genes in tomato is presented, including the gene structures, chromosome locations, phylogeny, protein motifs and evolution pattern. Phylogenetic analysis of 34 SlDof proteins resulted in four classes constituting six clusters. In addition, a comparative analysis between these genes in tomato, Arabidopsis and rice was also performed. The tomato Dof family expansion has been dated to recent duplication events, and segmental duplication is predominant for the SlDof genes. Furthermore, the SlDof genes displayed differential expression either in their transcript abundance or in their expression patterns under normal growth conditions. This is the first step towards genome‐wide analyses of the Dof genes in tomato. Our study provides a very useful reference for cloning and functional analysis of the members of this gene family in tomato and other species.
Quality of life and mental health among parents of children with cerebral palsy: the influence of self‐efficacy and coping strategies
Authors: Guillamón Noemí , Nieto Ruben , Pousada Modesta , Redolar Diego , Muñoz Elena , Hernández Eulàlia , Boixadós Mercè , Gómez‐Zúñiga Benigna 
Published: March 2013

Aims and objectivesTo explore the quality of life and mental health of caregivers of children with cerebral palsy and to examine the impact of self‐efficacy and coping strategies on these outcomes.BackgroundFew studies analyse the impact of caring for a child with cerebral palsy on the caregivers' quality of life besides mental health. Also, less attention has been paid to the influence of caregiver's personal resources like self‐efficacy or coping strategies on how they adjust to the child's illness and the care situation.DesignCross‐section correlational design.MethodsSixty two parents of children with cerebral palsy completed measures to assess the quality of life (i.e. physical, environmental and social relationships), mental health (i.e. general mental health, depression and anxiety), self‐efficacy and coping strategies.ResultsParents of children with cerebral palsy had, in general terms, low levels of quality of life and mental health. Self‐efficacy was related to most of the outcomes, whereas any of the coping strategies assessed was significantly related to the outcomes.ConclusionsQuality of life and mental health can be affected in caregivers of children with CP. Personal resources like self‐efficacy also need attention as they can help in the understanding of the differences in these outcomes and the design of effective interventions.Relevance of clinical practiceSelf‐efficacy should be a key element in interventions addressed to parents of children with CP to elicit a process of empowerment that can improve the well‐being of the family as a whole.
META‐ANALYSIS OF ECONOMICS RESEARCH REPORTING GUIDELINES
Authors: Stanley T.D. , Doucouliagos Hristos , Giles Margaret , Heckemeyer Jost H. , Johnston Robert J. , Laroche Patrice , Nelson Jon P. , Paldam Martin , Poot Jacques , Pugh Geoff , Rosenberger Randall S. , Rost Katja 
Published: March 2013

AbstractMeta‐regression analysis (MRA) can provide objective and comprehensive summaries of economics research. Their use has grown rapidly over the last few decades. To improve transparency and to raise the quality of MRA, the meta‐analysis of economics research‐network (MAER‐Net) has created the below reporting guidelines. Future meta‐analyses in economics will be expected to follow these guidelines or give valid reasons why a meta‐analysis must deviate from them.
Medication Adherence and Treatment Patterns for Hypogonadal Patients Treated with Topical Testosterone Therapy: A Retrospective Medical Claims Analysis
Authors: Schoenfeld Michael Jay , Shortridge Emily , Cui Zhanglin , Muram David 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACT

Introduction
There is limited information on adherence to topical testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) among hypogonadal men.

Aim
To determine adherence rates among men treated with topical testosterone gels and to examine factors that may influence adherence, including age, presence of a specific diagnosis, and index dose.

Methods
Included were 15,435 hypogonadal men, from the Thomson Reuters MarketScan® Database, who had an initial topical testosterone prescription in 2009 and who were followed for 12 months.

Main Outcome Measures
Adherence to testosterone was measured by medication possession ratio (MPR), with high adherence defined as ≥0.8. Persistence was defined as the duration of therapy from the index date to the earliest of the following events: end date of the last prescription, date of the first gap of &gt;30 days between prescriptions, or end of the study period (12 months).

Results
Adherence to topical TRT was low. By 6 months, only 34.7% of patients had continued on medication; at 12 months, only 15.4%. Adherence rates were numerically similar among men who received AndroGel® or Testim® topical gels and did not differ among men of different age groups. Approximately 80% of patients initiated at the recommended dose of 50 mg/day. Over time, an increased proportion of men used a higher dose. This change was the result of dose escalation, rather than of greater adherence among men initiating therapy at a high dose. Dose escalation was seen as early as 1 month into therapy. Approximately 50% of men who discontinued treatment resumed therapy; most men used the same medication and dose.

Conclusions
Discontinuation rates are high among hypogonadal men treated with testosterone gels, irrespective of their age, diagnosis, and index dose. Further study, evaluating other measurable factors associated with low adherence among patients receiving topical TRT, may lead to interventions designed to improve adherence with therapy.
Potential pathogenetic role of Th17, Th0, and Th2 cells in erosive and reticular oral lichen planus
Authors: Piccinni M‐P , Lombardelli L , Logiodice F , Tesi D , Kullolli O , Biagiotti R , Giudizi MG , Romagnani S , Maggi E , Ficarra G 
Published: March 2013

ObjectivesThe role of Th17 cells and associated cytokines was investigated in oral lichen planus.Material and methods14 consecutive patients with oral lichen planus were investigated. For biological studies, tissues were taken from reticular or erosive lesions and from normal oral mucosa (controls) of the same patient. mRNA expression for IL‐17F, IL‐17A, MCP‐1, IL‐13, IL‐2, IL‐10, IL‐1β, RANTES, IL‐4, IL‐12B, IL‐8, IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, IL‐1α, IL‐18, TGF‐β1, IL‐23R, IL‐7, IL‐15, IL‐6, MIG, IP‐10, LTB, VEGF, IL‐5, IL‐27, IL‐23A, GAPDH, PPIB, Foxp3, GATA3, and RORC was measured using the QuantiGene 2.0.ResultsResults showed that Th17‐type and Th0‐type molecules' mRNAs, when compared with results obtained from tissue controls, were increased in biopsies of erosive lesions, whereas Th2‐type molecules' mRNAs were increased in reticular lesions. When the CD4+ T‐cell clones, derived from oral lichen planus tissues and tissue controls, were analyzed, a higher prevalence of Th17 (confirmed by an increased CD161 expression) and Th0 CD4+ T clones was found in erosive lesions, whereas a prevalence of Th2 clones was observed in reticular lesions.ConclusionsOur data suggest that Th17, Th0, and Th2 cells, respectively, may have a role in the pathogenesis of erosive and reticular oral lichen planus.
The Costs and Consequences of Adequately Managed Chronic Non‐Cancer Pain and Chronic Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Andrew R. , Derry Sheena , Taylor Rod S. , Straube Sebastian , Phillips Ceri J. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundChronic pain is distressing for patients and a burden on healthcare systems and society. Recent research demonstrates different aspects of the negative impact of chronic pain and the positive impact of successful treatment, making an overview of the costs and consequences of chronic pain appropriate.ObjectiveTo examine recent literature on chronic noncancer and neuropathic pain prevalence, impact on quality and quantity of life, societal and healthcare costs, and impact of successful therapy.MethodsSystematic reviews (1999 to February 2012) following PRISMA guidelines were conducted to identify studies reporting appropriate outcomes.ResultsChronic pain has a weighted average prevalence in adults of 20%; 7% have neuropathic pain, and 7% have severe pain. Chronic pain impeded activities of daily living, work and work efficiency, and reduced quality and quantity of life. Effective pain therapy (pain intensity reduction of at least 50%) resulted in consistent improvements in fatigue, sleep, depression, quality of life, and work.ConclusionStrenuous efforts should be put into obtaining good levels of pain relief for people in chronic pain, including the opportunity for multiple drug switching, using reliable, validated, and relatively easily applied patient‐centered outcomes. Detailed, thoughtful and informed decision analytic policy modeling would help understand the key elements in organizational change or service reengineering to plan the optimum pain management strategy to maximize pain relief and its stream of benefits against budgetary and other constraints. This paper contains the information on which such models can be based.
Regulation and acclimation of leaf gas exchange in a piñon–juniper woodland exposed to three different precipitation regimes
Authors: LIMOUSIN JEAN‐MARC , BICKFORD CHRISTOPHER P. , DICKMAN LEE T. , PANGLE ROBERT E. , HUDSON PATRICK J. , BOUTZ AMANDA L. , GEHRES NATHAN , OSUNA JESSICA L. , POCKMAN WILLIAM T. , MCDOWELL NATE G. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractLeaf gas‐exchange regulation plays a central role in the ability of trees to survive drought, but forecasting the future response of gas exchange to prolonged drought is hampered by our lack of knowledge regarding potential acclimation. To investigate whether leaf gas‐exchange rates and sensitivity to drought acclimate to precipitation regimes, we measured the seasonal variations of leaf gas exchange in a mature piñon–juniper Pinus edulis–Juniperus monosperma woodland after 3 years of precipitation manipulation. We compared trees receiving ambient precipitation with those in an irrigated treatment (+30% of ambient precipitation) and a partial rainfall exclusion (−45%). Treatments significantly affected leaf water potential, stomatal conductance and photosynthesis for both isohydric piñon and anisohydric juniper. Leaf gas exchange acclimated to the precipitation regimes in both species. Maximum gas‐exchange rates under well‐watered conditions, leaf‐specific hydraulic conductance and leaf water potential at zero photosynthetic assimilation all decreased with decreasing precipitation. Despite their distinct drought resistance and stomatal regulation strategies, both species experienced hydraulic limitation on leaf gas exchange when precipitation decreased, leading to an intraspecific trade‐off between maximum photosynthetic assimilation and resistance of photosynthesis to drought. This response will be most detrimental to the carbon balance of piñon under predicted increases in aridity in the southwestern USA.
Adipocytokines in childhood cancer survivors and correlation with metabolic syndrome components
Authors: Kojima Chiaki , Kubota Masaru , Nagai Ayako , Adachi Souichi , Watanabe Ken‐Ichiro , Nakahata Tatsutoshi 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundAlthough there are several studies on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in childhood cancer survivors (CCS), the association between MetS components and serum adipocytokine level has not been elucidated.MethodsThe charts of 49 patients (27 male, 22 female) who had attended the CCS clinic of the Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Hospital, between April 2009 and March 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Median age was 10.7 years, and the median interval since the completion of chemotherapy was 5.1 years. The diagnosis of MetS was made based on the Japanese criteria for either children or adults.ResultsThree (6.1%) of 49 patients fulfilled the criteria for MetS, and 28 (57.1%) had at least one component of MetS. High leptin level was seen in 18 patients (36.7%), and low total adiponectin level was seen in 20 (40.8%). The number of patients with high leptin was correlated with body mass index z‐score (>2.0), abdominal circumference/height (≥0.5), diastolic blood pressure and fasting blood sugar. The number of patients with low total adiponectin was correlated with systolic blood pressure and triglyceride. When the patients were divided into three groups based on the number of positive MetS components (0, 1 and 2–4), leptin and adiponectin tended to be higher and lower in the third group, respectively.ConclusionsAdipocytokines may play a role in the pathogenesis of MetS occurring in CCS. It is recommended that adipocytokines be evaluated together with MetS components at the CCS follow‐up clinics.
Physical Activity Questionnaire for children and adolescents: English norms and cut‐off points
Authors: Voss Christine , Ogunleye Ayodele A , Sandercock Gavin RH 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (PAQ‐C/‐A) provides general estimates of physical activity levels. Following recent expert recommendations for using the PAQ for population surveillance, the aim of this paper was twofold: first, to describe normative PAQ data for English youth; and second, to determine a criterion‐referenced PAQ‐score cut‐off point.MethodsParticipants (n = 7226, 53% boys, 10–15 years) completed an anglicized version of the PAQ. Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) was predicted from PACER lap count according to latest FITNESSGRAM standards and categorized into “at‐risk” and “no‐risk” for metabolic syndrome. ROC curves were drawn for each age–sex group to identify PAQ scores, which categorized youth into “sufficiently active” versus “low‐active” groups, using cardiorespiratory fitness as the criterion‐referenced standard.ResultsPAQ scores were higher in boys than in girls and declined with age. Mean PAQ score was a significant, albeit relatively weak (area under the curve < 0.7) discriminator between “at‐risk” and “no‐risk.” PAQ scores of ≥2.9 for boys and ≥2.7 for girls were identified as cut‐off points, although it may be more appropriate to use lower, age‐specific PAQ scores for girls of 13, 14 and 15 years (2.6, 2.4, 2.3, respectively).ConclusionThe normative and criterion‐referenced PAQ values may be used to standardize and categorize PAQ scores in future youth population studies.
Survey of methods used to detect bacterial contamination of platelet products in the United States in 2011
Authors: Brecher Mark E. , Jacobs Michael R. , Katz Louis M. , Jacobson Jessica , Riposo Jacqlyn , Carr‐Greer Allene , Kleinman Steve ,   AABB Bacterial Contamination Task Force
Published: March 2013

BackgroundTesting of platelets (PLTs) for bacterial contamination is required by the AABB Standards but is not fully standardized. On January 31, 2011, a new AABB Standard, 5.1.5.1.1, specified that bacterial detection methods for PLT components shall use assays either approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or validated to provide sensitivity equivalent to these FDA‐approved methods.MethodsAn Internet‐based survey of AABB member institutions was conducted from May to June 2012, to document current practices used in 2011 for bacterial detection in different PLT products and to assess the impact of the new standard.ResultsOf 1053 AABB member institutions surveyed, 40 of 99 blood centers (40.4%) and 184 of 954 hospital blood banks or transfusion services (19.3%) responded. Sixty‐four respondents manufactured PLTs. Apheresis PLTs (APs) were predominantly screened with the BacT/ALERT system (89.5%); the majority (95.2%) were cultured with at least 8 mL of product. There was substantial variation in the minimum incubation time of cultures before release of PLTs (range, 0 to >24 hr). Recalls of released AP for possible bacterial contamination were largely successful (67.3%); successful interdiction before transfusion was associated with incubation for more than 12 hours before release (p < 0.01). After Standard 5.1.5.1.1 took effect, there was a decrease in production of whole blood–derived PLT concentrates (WBPCs). Point‐of‐issue (“rapid”) immunoassays were used to screen a substantial proportion of WBPC PLTs, but were rarely used as secondary tests for previously cultured APs.ConclusionThe survey identified variability in culture methods and release times with AP, while use of WBPC decreased after AABB Standard 5.1.5.1.1 became effective.
Mannose reduces hyaluronan and leukocytes in wound granulation tissue and inhibits migration and hyaluronan‐dependent monocyte binding
Authors: Jokela Tiina A. , Kuokkanen Jukka , Kärnä Riikka , Pasonen‐Seppänen Sanna , Rilla Kirsi , Kössi Jyrki , Laato Matti , Tammi Raija H. , Tammi Markku I. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractWound healing is a highly regulated process starting from coagulation and ending in tissue remodeling. The end result varies from perfectly restored tissue, such as in early fetal skin, to scars in adults. The balanced repair process is frequently disturbed by local or systemic factors, like infections and diabetes. A rapid increase of hyaluronan is an inherent feature of wounds and is associated with tissue swelling, epithelial and mesenchymal cell migration and proliferation, and induction of cytokine signaling. Hyaluronan extending from cell surface into structures called cables can trap leukocytes and platelets and change their functions. All these features of hyaluronan modulate inflammation. The present data show that mannose, a recently described inhibitor of hyaluronan synthesis, inhibits dermal fibroblast invasion and prevents the enhanced leukocyte binding to hyaluronan that takes place in cells treated with an inflammatory mediator interleukin‐1β. Mannose also reduced hyaluronan in subcutaneous sponge granulation tissue, a model of skin wound, and suppressed its leukocyte recruitment and tissue growth. Mannose thus seems to suppress wounding‐induced inflammation in skin by attenuating hyaluronan synthesis.
An unusual case ofE colimeningitis in a patient with Marfan's syndrome
Authors: Kangath Raghesh Varot , Midturi John 
Published: March 2013

Spontaneous non-traumaticEscherichia colimeningitis is very rare in adults. We report a case of a 48-year-old woman with Marfan's syndrome withE colimeningitis. Apparently, the relation between an increased risk of meningitis and Marfan's syndrome is not well known. This patient was discharged on intravenous antibiotic therapy after a diagnosis ofE colimeningitis without looking for the cause by imaging studies previously. Her blood cultures were negative ruling out haematogenous spread. Our work-up revealed extensive dural ectasia with intrasacral meningoceles extending into the pelvis possibly acting as a portal of entry for the bacteria into the brain from the gastrointestinal tract.