bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post‐separation parental conflict and father–child physical contact: A bidirectional study
Authors: Larouche Karl , Drapeau Sylvie , Lachance Véronique , Ivers Hans , Baude Amandine , Gagné Marie‐Hélène , Dusseault Sarah 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe first goal of this longitudinal study was to examine the strength and direction of the relations between post‐separation parental conflict (PSPC) and father–child physical contact, as reported by the mother, at the time of separation (Time 1) and in the following 2 years (Time 2). A cross‐lagged panel model was conducted with a sample of 198 parents of children from 3 to 8 years old at the time of separation. The results indicated that PSPC at Time 1 predicted a lower frequency of father–child physical contact at Time 2, whereas the inverse relationship was not found. The strength and direction of the relations did not vary as a function of the level of the moderators. The results help us to identify priority targets in the development of policies and treatment programs for separated families.
A case of hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the lung harboring KRAS G12C responded favorably to sotorasib
Authors: Uruga Hironori , Miyamoto Atsushi , Fujii Takeshi , Okuma Takashi , Mitsumura Takahiro , Tamaoka Meiyo , Takazawa Yutaka 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHepatoid adenocarcinoma of the lung is a rare variant of adenocarcinoma. We describe a case of hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the lung that harbored KRAS G12C and responded favorably to sotorasib. A man in his 70s was found to have an abnormality on his chest X‐ray. He underwent right middle lobectomy, and a pathological examination of the surgical specimen showed conventional invasive adenocarcinoma with highly focal hepatoid adenocarcinoma. He received chemoradiotherapy and concurrent radiation, followed by durvalumab for postoperative recurrence. After three doses of durvalumab, he reported feeling short of breath. A computed tomography scan showed emerging broad consolidation in the right lower lobe. Transbronchial lung biopsy specimens from the consolidation showed hepatoid adenocarcinoma harboring KRAS G12C mutation. Therefore, he was started on sotorasib 960 mg daily. Eight days later, a computed tomography scan showed that the area of consolidation had reduced in size. Progressive disease was detected after 42 days of treatment with sotorasib. The patient died 1 month after cessation of sotorasib and 3 months after postoperative recurrence. We have encountered what we believe to be the first case of hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the lung with KRAS G12C mutation that responded favorably to treatment with sotorasib.
Digital whole‐slide imaging of changes in amyloid after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in patients with amyloid light‐chain amyloidosis
Authors: Kono Kei , Sawa Naoki , Wake Atsushi , Shintani‐Domoto Yukako , Fujii Takeshi , Takazawa Yutaka , Ubara Yoshifumi , Ohashi Kenichi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPeripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) has made amyloid light‐chain (AL) amyloidosis treatable. After PBSCT, hematological complete remission (HCR) can be achieved, leading to improved renal prognosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether whole slide imaging of biopsy samples shows a post‐treatment reduction in amyloid deposits in patients with AL amyloidosis. Patients were divided into three groups: Group A (n = 8), not eligible for PBSCT and treated with other therapies; Group B (n = 11), treated with PBSCT and achieved HCR; and Group C (n = 5), treated with PBSCT but did not achieve HCR. Clinical findings and amyloid deposition in glomeruli, interstitium, and blood vessels were compared before and after treatment using digital whole‐slide imaging. Proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia improved more in Group B than in the other groups, and in Group B, amyloid deposition improved more in the glomeruli than in the interstitium and blood vessels. The long‐term renal and survival prognosis was better in Group B than in the other groups. PBSCT can be expected to improve long‐term clinical and renal histological prognosis in patients with AL amyloidosis who achieve HCR. Amyloid disappearance from renal tissue may take a long time even after clinical HCR.
Crowded‐out? Changes in informal childcare during the expansion of formal services in Germany
Authors: Gambaro Ludovica , Schäper Clara , Spiess C. Katharina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInformal childcare care by grandparents, other relatives or friends is an important source of support in many Western countries, including Germany. Yet the role of this type of care is often overlooked in accounts of social policies supporting families with children, which tend to focus on formal childcare. This article examines whether the large formal childcare expansion occurring in Germany in the last two decades has been accompanied by similar or opposite trends in informal childcare usage. It argues that accounting for both formal and informal childcare can offer a more accurate assessment of defamilisation effects of family policies. Drawing on representative data from the German Socio‐Economic Panel the analysis identifies long‐run developments of childcare arrangements for children aged 1–10 between 1997 and 2020, offering for the first time a comprehensive picture of how families with children of different ages mix informal care and service provision. Results show that on average the expansion of formal childcare was not associated with an equal reduction in informal childcare, lending little support to the crowding‐out hypothesis. Further analyses distinguishing between population groups with different propensity to use formal childcare reveal, unexpectedly, remarkable similarities in the use of informal care throughout the period examined. The only exception are families with a migrant background, who tend to use informal childcare less than their counterparts. The general trend is, however, one whereby informal and formal care are increasingly combined.
A revised classification of the assassin bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae) based on combined analysis of phylogenomic and morphological data
Authors: Masonick Paul K. , Knyshov Alex , Gordon Eric R. L. , Forero Dimitri , Hwang Wei Song , Hoey‐Chamberlain Rochelle , Bush Tatiana , Castillo Stephanie , Hernandez Madison , Ramirez Jamie , Standring Samantha , Zhang Junxia , Weirauch Christiane 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAssassin bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae Latreille) comprise not only one of the largest radiations of predatory animals (22 subfamilies; >6,800 spp.) but also include the medically important kissing bugs (Triatominae Jeannel). Reduviidae are morphologically diverse, engage in an astounding array of predatory strategies and have evolved some of the most unique anti‐predator and stealth techniques in the animal kingdom. While significant progress has been made to reveal the evolutionary history of assassin bugs and revise their taxonomy, the non‐monophyly of the second largest assassin bug subfamily, Reduviinae Latreille, remains to be addressed. Leveraging phylogenomic data (2,291 loci) and 112 morphological characters, we performed the first data‐ and taxon‐rich (195 reduvioid taxa) combined phylogenetic analysis across Reduvioidea and reconstructed morphological diagnostic features for major lineages. We corroborated the rampant polyphyly of Reduviinae that demands substantial revisions to the subfamilial and tribal classification of assassin bugs. Our new classification for Reduviidae reduces the number of subfamilies to 19 and recognizes 40 tribes. We describe three new subfamilies to accommodate distantly related taxa previously classified as Reduviinae (Heteropinae subfam. nov., Nanokeralinae subfam. nov., and Pasirinae subfam. nov.). Triatominae sensu nov. are expanded to include closely related predatory reduviine genera. Cetherinae Jeannel, Chryxinae Champion, Pseudocetherinae Villiers, Salyavatinae Amyot & Serville and Sphaeridopinae Amyot & Serville are treated as junior synonyms of Reduviinae sensu nov. Epiroderinae Distant are synonymized with Phimophorinae Handlirsch sensu nov. and Bactrodini Stål stat. nov. are reclassified as a tribe of Harpactorinae Amyot & Serville. Psophidinae Distant is treated as a valid subfamily. This new classification represents a robust framework for future taxonomic and evolutionary research on assassin bugs.Zoobank Registration: http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2310C9AA-0D53-4EF6-9E75-C2B3A98CE096
New viruses are inevitable; pandemics are optional—Lessons for and from statistics
Authors: Nicholson James , Ridgway Jim 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe explore ways in which statistics can be used to understand disease spread and support decision‐making by governments. “Past performance does not guarantee future results”—we hope. We discuss and show examples from the National Science Foundation (NSF)‐funded COVID‐Inspired Data Science Education through Epidemiology (CIDSEE) project. Throughout, the emphasis is on the relationships between evidence, modeling and theorizing, and appropriate action. Statistics should be an essential element in all these aspects. We point to some “big statistical ideas” that underpin the whole process of modeling, which can be illustrated vividly in the context of pandemics. We argue that statistics education should emphasize the application of statistics in practical situations, and that many curricula do not equip students to use their understandings of statistics outside the classroom. We offer a framework for curriculum analysis and point to some rich teaching resources.
Assessment of visual acuity in Python regius using optokinetic response
Authors: Gomez Zaira , Cameron D. Joshua , Eng Curtis 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSnakes are known for their unique abilities including infrared reception and their heavy reliance on heat sensors and vibrations. Infrared reception of snakes has gone under immense investigation; however, there have been very few studies that elaborate on their capacity to see. The goal of this study is to determine visual acuity of ball pythons (Python regius) by observing their optokinetic response (OKR). The OKR is a series of rapid saccadic and smooth pursuit movements of the eyes. It has been used for decades to determine visual acuity in multiple species such as humans, rats, and other nonmammalian species such as zebrafish and box turtles. Past studies have discovered that birds, reptiles, and amphibians achieve gaze stabilization by head and body movements, whereas in mammals and fish, gaze stabilization is conducted by eye movements. In this study, ball pythons were placed in a clear tube in a dark room, and a spinning black and white grating was projected in front of them. The size, direction, and velocity of the grating was manipulated which allowed their visual acuity to be determined. Our hypothesis is that P. regius would have a poor OKR response with low visual acuity due to their heavy reliance on other senses. Results show that P. regius does respond to visual stimuli, shows ocular saccadic movement in the direction of their stimuli, and has a relatively poor visual acuity when compared to other previously studied reptiles.
Social network effects on particle variation among Singapore students
Authors: Botha Werner , Bernaisch Tobias 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe situate our study of Singapore English particles in the context of social network theory and language variation in order to gain access to Singapore students’ most natural language use (that is, their vernacular, in the Labovian sense), and consider aspects of social as well as stylistic variation. We provide the results of a study on the ego‐centric social networks of Chinese and Malay students and consider the network effects of social network zones as important in the social and stylistic variability of discourse particle use in these social networks. We argue that variation in the use of discourse particles is multifaceted and cannot be simply explained in terms of so‐called social constraints such as ethnicity, or gender, but rather as a combination of social variables that are fluid, and which reveal insights into the changing language situation of Singapore society at large.
A categorical Torelli theorem for hypersurfaces
Authors: Pirozhkov Dmitrii 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLet be a smooth Fano hypersurface of dimension and degree . The derived category of coherent sheaves on contains an interesting subcategory called the Kuznetsov component . We show that this subcategory, together with a certain autoequivalence called the rotation functor, determines uniquely if or if and . This generalizes a result by Huybrechts and Rennemo, who proved the same statement under the additional assumption that divides .
The role of metals in hypothiocyanite resistance in
Escherichia coli
Authors: Gray Michael J. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

The innate immune system employs a variety of antimicrobial oxidants to control and kill host-associated bacteria. Hypothiocyanite/hypothiocyanous acid (
−
OSCN/HOSCN) is one such antimicrobial oxidant that is synthesized by lactoperoxidase, myeloperoxidase, and eosinophil peroxidase at sites throughout the human body. HOSCN has potent antibacterial activity while being largely non-toxic toward human cells. The molecular mechanisms by which bacteria sense and defend themselves against HOSCN have only recently begun to be elaborated, notably by the discovery of bacterial HOSCN reductase (RclA), an HOSCN-degrading enzyme widely conserved among bacteria that live on epithelial surfaces. In this paper, I show that Ni
2+
sensitizes
Escherichia coli
to HOSCN by inhibiting glutathione reductase and that inorganic polyphosphate protects
E. coli
against this effect, probably by chelating Ni
2+
ions. I also found that RclA is very sensitive to inhibition by Cu
2+
and Zn
2+
, metals that are accumulated to high levels by innate immune cells, and that, surprisingly, thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase are not involved in HOSCN stress resistance in
E. coli
. These results advance our understanding of the contribution of different oxidative stress responses and redox buffering pathways to HOSCN resistance in
E. coli
and illustrate important interactions between metal ions and the enzymes bacteria use to defend themselves against oxidative stress.

IMPORTANCE

Hypothiocyanite (HOSCN) is an antimicrobial oxidant produced by the innate immune system. The molecular mechanisms by which host-associated bacteria defend themselves against HOSCN have only recently begun to be understood. The results in this paper are significant because they show that the low molecular weight thiol glutathione and enzyme glutathione reductase are critical components of the
Escherichia coli
HOSCN response, working by a mechanism distinct from that of the HOSCN-specific defenses provided by the RclA, RclB, and RclC proteins and that metal ions (including nickel, copper, and zinc) may impact the ability of bacteria to resist HOSCN by inhibiting specific defensive enzymes (e.g., glutathione reductase or RclA).
Prospective cohort study investigating frequency and risk factors for acute pain 1 day after refractive surgery
Authors: Betz Jason , Locatelli Elyana Vittoria Tessa , Harkness Brooke M , Perez-Blanco Maricarmen , Everist Steven J , Chen Siting , Stutzman Richard , Chamberlain Winston , Nanji Afshan , Lapidus Jodi , Aicher Sue A , Galor Anat 
Published: July 2024

Background/aimsTo examine demographic and clinical factors associated with ocular pain 1 day after refractive surgery.MethodsProspective study of individuals undergoing refractive surgery. Participants rated their ocular pain on a 0–10 numerical rating scale (NRS) presurgery and 1 day after surgery. Presurgery, participants completed questionnaires on demographics, comorbidities, medications and dry eye and ocular pain symptoms; and an anaesthetised Schirmer test was performed. Acute ocular pain 1 day after surgery was defined as an NRS score of worst pain since surgery ≥3 and this group was compared with individuals with NRS scores<3.Results251 individuals underwent refractive surgery (89% laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis, n=222; 11% PRK, n=29). Mean age was 35±8 years (range 19 to 60); 60% (n=150) self-identified as female, 80% (n=203) as White, and 36% (n=89) as Hispanic. Thirteen (5%) individuals reported ocular pain (NRS ≥3) prior to surgery and 67% (n=168) reported ocular pain 1 day after surgery (nine individuals had pain at both time points). Factors that were associated with pain 1 day after surgery included Hispanic ethnicity (adjusted relative risk (aRR) 1.42, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.68, p<0.001) and the presence of eye pain presurgery (aRR 1.10, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.18, p=0.02).ConclusionA majority of individuals report moderate or greater pain within 24 hours of refractive surgery. Hispanic ethnicity and eye pain prior to surgery were associated with self-reported acute postsurgical pain.
Impact of probiotic supplementation on exercise endurance among nonelite athletes: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, clinical trial
Authors: McDermott Caitlin E. , Judkins Taylor C. , Vincent Heather K. , Culpepper Tyler , Colee James , Nieves Carmelo , Mathews Anne E. , Langkamp-Henken Bobbi 
Published: July 2024

This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel trial investigated whether generally healthy adult, nonelite runners would have a greater time-to-exhaustion during submaximal treadmill running with probiotic versus placebo supplementation. It was hypothesized that the probiotic would impact training progression by reducing gastrointestinal (GI) and cold/flu symptoms. Participants who typically ran ≥24 km/week, ran or cross-trained 3–5 days per week, and had a maximal oxygen intake (V̇O2 max) in the 60–85th percentile were enrolled. V̇O2 max was used to establish individualized workload settings (85% of V̇O2 max) for the submaximal endurance tests at baseline and following 6 weeks of supplementation with a probiotic ( Lactobacillus helveticus Lafti L10, 5×109 CFU/capsule/day) or placebo. Participants self-reported GI and cold/flu symptoms and physical activity via daily and weekly questionnaires. Outcomes were tested using a linear model to determine if mean response values adjusted for baseline differed between groups. Twenty-eight participants ( n = 14/group), aged 25 ± 5 years (mean ± SD) with a body mass index of 23 ± 3 kg/m2, completed the study. At the final visit the probiotic group had a lower time-to-exhaustion versus the placebo group ( P = 0.01) due to an increase in time-to-exhaustion with the placebo (1344 ± 188 to 1565 ± 219 s, P = 0.01) with no change with the probiotic (1655 ± 230 to 1547 ± 215 s, P = 0.23). During the intervention, the probiotic group completed fewer aerobic training sessions per week ( P = 0.02) and trained at a lower intensity ( P = 0.007) versus the placebo group. Few GI and cold/flu symptoms were reported with no differences between groups. Time-to-exhaustion increased in the placebo group, possibly due to differences in training habits.
Electric Penrose, circular orbits and collisions of charged particles near charged black holes in Kalb–Ramond gravity
Authors: Zahid Muhammad , Rayimbaev Javlon , Kurbonov Nuriddin , Ahmedov Saidmuhammad , Shen Chao , Abdujabbarov Ahmadjon 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGeneral relativity (GR) is a well-tested theory of gravity in strong and weak field regimes. Many modifications to this theory were obtained, including different scalar, vector, and tensor fields to the GR with non-minimal coupling to gravity. Kalb–Ramond (KR) gravity is also a modified theory formulated in the presence of a bosonic field. One astrophysical way to test gravity is by studying the motion of test particles in the spacetime of black holes (BH). In this work, we study the circular motion of charged particles and explore energetic processes around charged BHs in KR theory. First, we investigated the event horizon radius and analyzed horizon-no horizon regions in the BH charge and KR parameter space. Considering the Coulomb interaction, we derive and analyze the effective potential for charged particles around a charged KR BH. We investigate charged particles’ angular momentum and energy corresponding to circular orbits. We also investigate how the KR non-minimal coupling parameter affects the radius of the innermost stable circular orbits, the corresponding energy, and the angular momentum. We also investigated the electric Penrose process and charged-particle collisions near the KR BH. The presence of the nonzero KR parameter results in a decrease in the energy efficiency of the Penrose process. Also obtained is that the KR parameter’s positive (negative) values cause a decrease (increase) in the center of mass energy of colliding particles near the BH horizon.
Impact of star pressure on $$\gamma $$ in modified gravity beyond post-Newtonian approach
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Ky , Chauvineau Bertrand 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe offer a concrete example exhibiting marked departure from the Parametrized Post-Newtonian (PPN) approximation in a modified theory of gravity. Specifically, we derive the exact formula for the Robertson parameter $$\gamma $$
γ
in Brans–Dicke gravity for spherical compact stars, explicitly incorporating the pressure content of the stars. We achieve this by exploiting the integrability of the 00-component of the Brans–Dicke field equation. In place of the conventional PPN result $$\gamma _{\,\text {PPN}}=\frac{\omega +1}{\omega +2}$$

γ

PPN

=

ω
+
1

ω
+
2

, we obtain the analytical expression $$\gamma _{\,\text {exact}}=\frac{\omega +1+(\omega +2)\Theta }{\omega +2+(\omega +1)\Theta }$$

γ

exact

=

ω
+
1
+
(
ω
+
2
)
Θ

ω
+
2
+
(
ω
+
1
)
Θ

where $$\Theta $$
Θ
is the ratio of the total pressure $$P_{\parallel }^{*}+2P_{\perp }^{*}$$

P

‖

∗

+
2

P

⊥

∗

and total energy $$E^{*}$$

E

∗

contained within the star. The dimensionless quantity $$\Theta $$
Θ
participates in $$\gamma $$
γ
due to the scalar degree of freedom of Brans–Dicke gravity. Our non-perturbative formula is valid for all field strengths and types of matter comprising the star. In addition, we establish two new mathematical identities linking the active gravitational mass, the ADM (Arnowitt–Deser–Misner) mass, and the Tolman mass, applicable for Brans–Dicke gravity. We draw four key conclusions:(1) The usual $$\gamma _{\,\text {PPN}}$$

γ

PPN

formula is violated for high-pressure mass sources, such as neutron stars, viz. when $$\Theta \ne 0$$

Θ
≠
0

, revealing a limitation of the PPN approximation in Brans–Dicke gravity. (2) The PPN result mainly stems from the assumption of pressureless matter. Even in the weak-field star case, non-zero pressure leads to a violation of the PPN formula for $$\gamma $$
γ
. Conversely, the PPN result is a good approximation for low-pressure matter, i.e. when $$\Theta \approx 0$$

Θ
≈
0

, for all field strengths. (3) Observational constraints on $$\gamma $$
γ
set joint bounds on $$\omega $$
ω
and $$\Theta $$
Θ
, with the latter representing a global characteristic of a mass source. If the equation of state of matter comprising the mass source approaches the ultra-relativistic form, entailing $$\Theta \simeq 1$$

Θ
≃
1

, $$\gamma _{\,\text {exact}}$$

γ

exact

converges to 1 irrespective of $$\omega $$
ω
. More generally, regardless of $$\omega $$
ω
, ultra-relativistic matter tends to suppress the scalar degree of freedom in the exterior vacuum of Brans–Dicke stars, reducing the vacuum to the Schwarzschild solution. (4) In a broader context, by exposing a limitation of the PPN approximation in Brans–Dicke gravity, our findings indicate the significance of considering the interior structure of stars in observational astronomy when testing candidate theories of gravitation that involve additional degrees of freedom besides the metric tensor.