bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ĐẶC ĐIỂM KHÁNG THỂ BẤT THƯỜNG Ở NGƯỜI HIẾN MÁU LẦN ĐẦU TẠI TRUNG TÂM TRUYỀN MÁU - CHỢ RẪY
Authors: Phan Thanh Nhìn Phan Thanh Nhìn , Nguyễn Ngọc Minh Thư Nguyễn Ngọc Minh Thư 
Published: July 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Sàng lọc kháng thể bất thường (KTBT) là xét nghiệm cần thiết đảm bảo trong an toàn truyền máu và giảm thiểu phản ứng chậm sau truyền máu. Những người hiến máu lần đầu là nhóm người hiến máu phổ biến nhất. Do đó, ngoài việc phát hiện bệnh lây nhiễm qua đường truyền máu thì xét nghiệm huyết thanh học nhóm máu: Định nhóm hồng cầu ABO, Rhesus và sàng lọc kháng thể bất thường ở những người hiến máu lần đầu là rất quan trọng. Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ KTBT ở người hiến máu tình nguyện (HMTN) lần đầu tại Trung tâm Truyền máu - Chợ Rẫy và khảo sát một số yếu tố liên quan đến KTBT ở người HMTN lần đầu. Đối tượng nghiên cứu: 11,342 mẫu máu người HMTN lần đầu tại Trung tâm Truyền máu - Chợ Rẫy từ 01/4/2023 đến 30/12/2023. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả cắt ngang. Tất cả mẫu máu của người HMTN lần đầu được sàng lọc KTBT bằng phương pháp hồng cầu gắn từ trên máy phân tích tự động DIAGAST. Kết quả: 11,342 mẫu máu đưa vào nghiên cứu có tỷ lệ nam (51.6%) và nữ (48.4%). Theo phân bố các nhóm máu cho thấy tỷ lệ nhóm máu O cao nhất (43.9%), tiếp theo là nhóm máu B (30.5%), A (19.7%) và AB (5.9%) và nhóm máu O là nhóm máu phổ biến nhất ở cả hai giới nam và nữ. Tỷ lệ người HMTN lần đầu có KTBT tại Trung tâm Truyền máu - Chợ Rẫy là (0.06%). Kháng thể bất thường phát hiện ở tất cả tuổi, giới và địa phương cư trú trong nghiên cứu.
TÌM HIỂU CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN CHẤT LƯỢNG CUỘC SỐNG Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH CHẠY THẬN NHÂN TẠO CHU KỲ BẰNG THANG ĐIỂM SF 36 – V2 TẠI BỆNH VIỆN THỐNG NHẤT
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Hạnh , Phạm Văn Hậu Phạm Văn Hậu , Nguyễn Bách Nguyễn Bách 
Published: July 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Suy thận mạn giai đoạn cuối là hậu quả nặng nề của các bệnh lý thận mạn tính. Chất lượng cuộc sống ở các bệnh nhân này thường thấp liên quan đến các đặc điểm bệnh lý, và đặc điểm dân số. Mục tiêu: Xác định chất lượng cuộc sống và tìm hiểu các yếu tố liên quan đến chất lượng cuộc sống ở người bệnh chạy thận nhân tạo chu kỳ Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang. Kết quả: Khảo sát chất lượng cuộc sống bằng thang điểm Sf 36 – v2 trên 4 khía cạnh : Hoạt động thể chất, cảm nhận đau, cảm nhận cuộc sống và goạt động sức khoẻ tổng quát cho thấy chất lượng cuộc sống liên quan đến tuổi, tăng một tuổi thì tỷ lệ sức khỏe liên quan đến hoạt động thể chất tốt giảm 5%, tăng 2.78 lần khi tăng một bậc trình độ học vấn. So với nhóm người lao động thì nhóm nội trợ có tỷ lệ sức khỏe liên quan đến hoạt động thể chất tốt thấp hơn 91%, nhóm hưu trí là 82%. Sức khỏe liên quan đến cảm nhận đau đớn có liên quan đến thời gian lọc máu so với nhóm lọc máu 1 năm, nhóm lọc máu dưới 5 năm có tỷ lệ cảm nhận đau đớn tốt lớn hơn 4.15 lần, lớn hơn 5.11 lần ở nhóm từ 5 đến 10 năm và 7.67 lần ở nhóm trên 10 năm. So với nhóm lọc máu từ 1-2 lần/tuần thì nhóm lọc máu 3 lần/tuần thể hiện tỷ lệ tự đánh giá sức khỏe tổng quát đạt tốt thấp hơn 71%. So với nhóm không có bệnh lý kèm theo, nhóm từ 2 bệnh lý kèm theo trở lên cho thấy tỷ lệ sức khỏe liên quan đến cảm nhận cuộc sống tốt thấp hơn 69%. Kết luận: Khi các yếu tố khác được kiểm soát thì: Sức khỏe liên quan đến hoạt động thể chất có mối liên quan có ý nghĩa đến tuổi, trình độ học vấn và nghề nghiệp Sức khỏe liên quan đến cảm nhận đau đớn có mối liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê với đặc điểm nghề nghiệp .Tỷ lệ sức khỏe liên quan đến cảm nhận đau đớn có mối liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê với thời gian lọc máu.Tỷ lệ tự đánh giá sức khỏe tổng quát liên quan đến thời gian lọc máu và bệnh lý kèm theo liên quan đến cảm nhận cuộc sống
Use of five different tests for Helicobacter pylori infection in Nepal
Authors: Sharma RP , Yamaoka Y , Shrestha PK , Khadga P , Sharma S , Shrestha KB 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) has declined rapidly in Asia. This has been shown in both sero-prevalence-based and endoscopy-based studies. The present study was conducted to determine the current prevalence of H.pylori infection in Nepali population referred for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and its relation with gastro-duodenal diseases.
Method: Total of 146 patients (71 males and 75 females with the mean age of 42, 43 yrs, range 16-90yrs) underwent endoscopy at endoscopy services in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH), Nepal. The diagnosis of H.pylori infection was determined non-invasively by serology and invasively by rapid urease test, culture, histology and immunohistochemistry.
Results: The overall prevalence of H.pylori infection was 48.6%. The sero-prevalence was 43.8%. Gastritis was the predominant finding (76.7%), followed by duodenal ucler (4.1%), gastric ulcer (4.8%), gastric adenocarcinoma (3.4%) and normal mucosa (10.9%).
Conclusion: The present study revealed the prevalence of H. pylori infection measured by serology was higher than that with other studies conducted in Nepal, the present study of the first study to use several tests at the same time to determine H. pylori prevalence.
Cognizance about menopause among women and its importance, a short descriptive study in Baluwatar
Authors: Bhattarai S 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Globally with the increasing life expectancy, there is growing population of elderly women living after experiencing menopause and thus exposed to potential long term consequences of menopause. According to literature, at least 60% of women suffer from mild symptoms, 20% suffer severe symptoms and 20% are asymptomatic¹. Literature shows variations in reported symptoms in women across regions; Asian women suffer less vasomotor and psychological symptoms than Western women². This study was conducted to determine knowledge, attitude and practice toward menopause among women in Nepal. The most implication of this finding is to help to develop menopausal care guideline and provide information to health educators to design a course on menopause.
Methods: This study was descriptive cross sectional study carried out in Kathmandu metropolitian city, Baluwatar, ward no-4, icchunadi marga, Kathmandu district of Nepal where the respondents (N-380) to assess their awareness of menopause and its importance and effects on health. In addition, the data were collected by using structured questionnaire with the use of simple Nepali language on consent of respondents. Computer software SPSS version 15 was used to scrupulous analysis of study.
Results: 96% participants knew that menopause is the developmental process and every women gets menopause. Majority of respondents (94%) knew that female would not be able to reproduce after menopause, 90% of respondents said the correct age of menopause and 74% of them were agreed regarding the need of education for family member about menopause. The lowest percentage of respondents (32%) knew that smoking may affect menopause. Majority of respondents 56% knew symptoms of irregular bleeding, 30% of respondents had headache, 28% with irritability, 24% with loss of sexual interest and only 22% of respondents knew hot flushes and night sweating. In addition, family is the most effective source of information. In this study, 64% participants had heard about menopause from their family, followed by friends 28%, and lowest sources of information were the school/college 6% and health personnel 2%. Likewise, majority of respondents 74% consulted the doctor for perimenopausal symptoms whereas minority of the respondents 2% consulted friends.
Conclusion: Under several myths and taboo relating to menopause in our country, majority of women mainly of rural and even urban areas feel dejected and dispirited and make sometime life miserable with
lack of knowledge of menopause. With increasing life expectancy, women spend 1/3rd of life in this phase, thus knowledge and awareness is vital point in every aspect. Thus the present study seems to be of small scale study, but, may have higher impact to invoke the researcher out there to do large scale study, to create new syllabic for students of college or at higher level management policy maker to take it seriously on the health of women who is backbone of family and thus country, Nepal.
Managing Chiari I Malformations; 5 Year Experience
Authors: Sedain G , Pradhanang A , Sharma MR , Shilpakar SK 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Chiari I malformations present with variety of symptoms. There are four types of Chiari malformations described in literature. There are two more types of Chiari introduced later; Chiari 0 and Chiari 1.5. Routine use of MRI has led to frequent identification of the Chiari malformation. Management of Chiari malformation has evolved with time. Asymptomatic patients can be managed conservatively with regular clinical and radiological follow up. Surgical management includes decompression of foramen magnum. This creates a space so that circulation of CSF is unimpeded. We analyzed patients who underwent surgical management at our centre in last 5 years.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of all patients operated in Neurosurgery department of TUTH (Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital) from 2012 July to 2017 July was done. Data was collected from hospital records and follow up was taken from outpatient department. Demography, associated syringomyelia, improvement in clinical symptoms and radiological improvement were analyzed. Minimum follow up of 1 year was included.
Results: A total of 37 patients were available for analysis. Male to female ratio was 15:22. Major presentation was occipital headache sensory impairment and atrophy of upper limb due to syringomyelia. Clinical and radiological improvement was seen in all patients except 1 patient who developed post operative pneumonia and succumbed. Morbidity in the form of wound infection in 2, Pseudo meningocele was present in 4 patients and CSF leak in 3 patients. Resolution of syrinx was observed in 34 patients except in 3 patients who required a syringopleural shunt in follow up.
Conclusion: Management of Chiari I malformation is relatively safe. In this era of diagnosis of more and more asymptomatic patients, clinical judgement is essential.
Effects of Exercise-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation on Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bao Xuedan , Hong Weiwei , Feng Liyao 
Published: July 2024

Objective: This study aims to systematically analyze the impact of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation on patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: We searched for original studies on the effect of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation on patients undergoing PCI published in domestic and foreign databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China Knowledge Network (CNKI), and VIP until December 2023. Studies retrieved were screened, and meta-analysis was extracted. The quality of the literature was evaluated; meta-analysis was carried out by RevMan5.4 software (Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK). Results: A total of 1073 sufferers undergoing PCI were included in 11 literatures. Meta-analysis displayed that cardiogenic mortality [risk ratio (RR) = 0.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.08, 0.64)], coronary restenosis rate [RR = 0.59, 95% CI (0.41, 0.87)], revascularization rate [RR = 0.58, 95% CI (0.43, 0.79)], incidence of recurrent angina pectoris [RR = 0.41, 95% CI (0.27, 0.62)], and late lumen loss [RR = –0.60, 95% CI (–0.98, –0.23)] in the trial group, were lower than those in the control group (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the recurrence rate of myocardial infarction between the test group and the control group [RR = 0.52, 95% CI (0.22, 1.25)]. Conclusion: Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation therapy can effectively reduce the risk of major adverse cardio-cerebrovascular events, such as cardiogenic death and coronary restenosis after PCI; it reduces the late lumen loss of the stent coronary segment and has no obvious effect on the recurrence of myocardial infarction. However, this therapy tends to reduce the recurrence rate of myocardial infarction.
Caracterización de fincas y estrategias para mejorar productividad del sistema producción cacao en los municipios de Betulia y Zapatoca, Colombia
Authors: Mejia Rueda Hector Gregorio , Montañez Acevedo Gladys , Villamizar Quiñonez César 
Published: July 2024

El grano de cacao tiene un valor nutricional alto que se está posicionando en los mercados internacionales después del azúcar y la caña. En Colombia, el cacao es muy importante para su economía, siendo materia prima de golosinas y bebidas [1]. La investigación se desarrolló en la zona de influencia de la central hidroeléctrica Sogamoso, constituida por los municipios de Betulia y Zapatoca, del departamento de Santander, Colombia. Debido a la baja producción de cacao en esta región, surgió la necesidad de realizar esta investigación para que sirviera de apoyo en la toma de decisiones frente a planteamientos e iniciativas que contribuyan a mejorar los cultivos y producción del cacao en dicho sector. La población fue constituida por 159 propietarios de fincas. Para seleccionar la muestra, se aplicó un muestreo probabilístico estratificado, donde el 52% de fincas se clasificaron como grandes (>5 ha) y el 48% de fincas como pequeñas (< 5 ha). La recolección de la información se realizó a través de una encuesta con preguntas abiertas y cerradas. Para el análisis de la información se aplicaron métodos estadísticos descriptivos y multivariantes. Los primeros permitieron describir aspectos relevantes y los multivariantes como el análisis de clasificación (AC) y de correspondencias múltiples (ACM) se aplicaron para caracterizar las fincas. Finalmente se socializaron los resultados de la encuesta a los productores de cacao y de manera concertada, se construyeron matrices DOFA, necesarias para elaborar el plan con algunas líneas estratégicas que conduzcan al mejoramiento de la competitividad de los productores de cacao resumidas en cuatro aspectos: productivo, social, ambiental/adaptación al cambio climático y agroindustrial
Climate Variability and Livelihood Vulnerability of Maasai Pastoralists in Amboseli Ecosystem, Kajiado County, Kenya
Authors: Oloitipitip Faith R. , Ndunda Ezekiel , Gichuki Cecilia M. 
Published: July 2024

The pastoral Maasai community living in Amboseli Ecosystem are facing serious challenges originating from climate variability. The ecosystem has been made fragile by climate related challenges causing household vulnerability. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of climate variability on livelihood vulnerability at the household level. The study used a mixed method, which focused on descriptive and correlational research designs. It targeted a population of 47, 058 residents from which a sample of 374 households was selected. Cluster and convenient sampling were used for quantitative and qualitative data respectively. A questionnaire with open and closed ended questions and with Likert scale format were used to collect quantitative data while interview schedules were used for qualitative data. In addition, secondary data were collected from different sources, including Kenya Meteorological Department and Kenya Wildlife Services. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse qualitative data while quantitative data were analysed using inferential statistics.. Results showed that climate variability is indeed causing livelihood vulnerability and therefore policy intervention in needed at the national and county levels. Majority of households were found to moderately vulnerable with female headed households being mostly vulnerable. This study therefore recommends that adaptation strategies at the household level to community level should be put in place so as to reduce vulnerability such as crop farming, livestock diversification, small scale businesses and employment In addition there is need to empower women through education, offering of small loans and grants for businesses as well as involvement in decision making on matters pasture and water management.
“Era Ega Racista?” Orientação para a Interpretação dum Parágrafo d’Os Maias (1888), de Eça de Queirós, em Massachusetts
Authors: MENDES VIKTOR , LIMA VANUSA VERA-CRUZ 
Published: July 2024

RESUMO: A interpretação das opiniões da personagem emblemática e excêntrica João da Ega do romance canónico queirosiano Os Maias resultou em respostas muito diversas e complexas à palestra pública de Vanusa Vera-Cruz Lima, intitulada “Is Eça de Queirós’s The Maias (1888) a Racist Novel?”, a 18 de fevereiro de 2021, via Zoom. Ega toca em feridas históricas e cria espanto devido às suas posições liberais e revolucionárias na sociedade lisboeta da segunda metade do século XIX. Em relação à questão racial, Ega não é tão progressista como noutros dos seus tópicos de controvérsia. Pouco se pode estranhar a subsequente e pertinente pergunta de um estudante de licenciatura da Universidade de Massachusetts Dartmouth: “Era Ega racista?” Tomando esta pergunta como de pesquisa (research question) e no quadro da imprescindível liberdade académica, este artigo oferece orientações preliminares para o prosseguimento da análise racial ao clássico Os Maias, rebatendo objeções a esta abordagem interpretativa, através, por exemplo, do contexto histórico e da ironia.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Eça de Queirós, Os Maias, análise racial, racismo, João da Ega, interpretação, ironia, contexto histórico
ABSTRACT: The interpretation of the views expressed by the emblematic and eccentric character João da Ega in Eça de Queirós’s canonical novel The Maias resulted in very diverse and complex responses to a public talk by Vanusa Vera-Cruz Lima, entitled “Is Eça de Queirós’s The Maias (1888) a Racist Novel?,” which took place on February 18, 2021, on Zoom. Ega probes historical wounds and provokes amazement of late nineteenth-century Lisbon society with his liberal and revolutionary positions. On the racial issue, Ega is not as progressive as on other controversial topics he addresses. No wonder, then, that an undergraduate student at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth could pose the following pertinent question: “Was Ega a racist?” Taking this query as a research question within the framework of indispensable academic freedom, this article offers preliminary guidelines for the development of racial analysis in the classic The Maias, rebutting objections to this hermeneutic approach that rely on notions such as, for example, the historical context and irony.
KEYWORDS: Eça de Queirós, The Maias, racial analysis, racism, João da Ega, interpretation, irony, historical context
Construyendo un futuro sostenible: la intención emprendedora de las mujeres en la Economía Social
Authors: Bastida Maria , Vaquero García Alberto , Vázquez Taín Miguel Ángel 
Published: July 2024

Este estudio examina la intención emprendedora de las mujeres en la Economía Social (ES) en Galicia, enfocándose en los factores clave para cerrar la brecha de género en el emprendimiento y desarrollar modelos de negocio que respondan a las necesidades y preferencias femeninas. Utilizando datos de la encuesta GEM-Galicia, se analizan las motivaciones, barreras y dinámicas específicas del emprendimiento femenino en el ámbito de la ES. El estudio revela un desconocimiento significativo sobre estos modelos organizativos, junto con dificultades en financiación y burocracia. Los resultados destacan la necesidad urgente de mejorar la educación y el conocimiento sobre la ES entre las mujeres, y de implantar políticas públicas que proporcionen apoyo adaptado a sus necesidades. Además, se sugiere la promoción de modelos organizativos colaborativos y orientados al impacto social. Finalmente, se concluye que políticas específicas, incluyendo asesoramiento y formación adecuada, pueden fomentar un entorno más equitativo y propiciar un desarrollo empresarial centrado en las personas.
A multi-ethnic proteomic profiling analysis in Alzheimer’s disease identifies the disparities in dysregulation of proteins and pathogenesis
Authors: Tan Mei Sze , Cheah Phaik-Leng , Chin Ai-Vyrn , Looi Lai-Meng , Chang Siow-Wee 
Published: July 2024

Background
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia that affects the elderly population. Lately, blood-based proteomics have been intensively sought in the discovery of AD biomarkers studies due to the capability to link external environmental factors with the development of AD. Demographic differences have been shown to affect the expression of the proteins in different populations which play a vital role in the degeneration of cognitive function.

Method
In this study, a proteomic study focused on Malaysian Chinese and Malay prospects was conducted. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in AD patients and normal controls for Chinese and Malays were identified. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted to further interpret the biological functions and pathways of the DEPs. In addition, a survey investigating behavioural practices among Chinese and Malay participants was conducted to support the results from the proteomic analysis.

Result
The variation of dysregulated proteins identified in Chinese and Malay samples suggested the disparities of pathways involved in this pathological condition for each respective ethnicity. Functional enrichment analysis supported this assumption in understanding the protein-protein interactions of the identified protein signatures and indicate that differentially expressed proteins identified from the Chinese group were significantly enriched with the functional terms related to Aβ/tau protein-related processes, oxidative stress and inflammation whereas neuroinflammation was associated with the Malay group. Besides that, a significant difference in sweet drinks/food intake habits between these two groups implies a relationship between sugar levels and the dysregulation of protein APOA4 in the Malay group. Additional meta-analysis further supported the dysregulation of proteins TF, AHSG, A1BG, APOA4 and C4A among AD groups.

Conclusion
These findings serve as a preliminary understanding in the molecular and demographic studies of AD in a multi-ethnic population.