bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuromedin U Receptor 2 does not play a role in the development of neuropathic pain following nerve injury in mice
Authors: Gilbert A.‐K. , Puma C. , Xu X. , Laird J.M.A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have identified neuromedin U receptor 2 (NMUR2) as the subtype mediating the effects of neuromedin U on acute chemo‐nociception induced by capsaicin or formalin injection. The aims of this study were to determine whether NMUR2 is required for the development of mechanical hypersensitivity after nerve injury or heat hypersensitivity after inflammation and whether there is a gender difference in the contribution of NMUR2 to nociception.MethodsMechanical sensitivity was assessed with von Frey filaments in wild type (WT) and NMUR2‐null mice at baseline and following spared tibial nerve (STN) injury. Heat sensitivity was also assessed at baseline and after induction of inflammation with Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA).ResultsThe response to von Frey filaments at baseline was similar for WT and NMUR2‐null mice and for males and females. The response of male NMUR2‐null mice was slightly but significantly decreased when exposed to 52 °C but not 58 °C heat stimuli. There was no difference between the stimulus‐response curve for WT and NMUR2‐null mice 7, 13 and 16 days after nerve injury. Similarly, after FCA‐induced inflammation, there was no significant difference in heat hyperalgesia between WT and NMUR2‐null mice or male or female mice in responses to temperatures ranging from 44 to 48 °C.ConclusionsThe present data do not support a significant contribution of NMUR2 to the development of hypersensitivity after nerve injury or tissue inflammation, suggesting that pharmacological intervention aimed at the NMUR2 receptor might not be a valuable approach for the treatment of chronic pain.
Acute enhancement of non‐rapid eye movement sleep in rats after drinking water contaminated with cadmium chloride
Authors: Unno Katsuya , Yamoto Kurumi , Takeuchi Kouhei , Kataoka Aya , Ozaki Tomoya , Mochizuki Takatoshi , Honda Kazuki , Miura Nobuhiko , Ikeda Masayuki 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTCadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal widely used or effused by industries. Serious environmental Cd pollution has been reported over the past two centuries, whereas the mechanisms underlying Cd‐mediated diseases are not fully understood. Interestingly, an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) after Cd exposure has been shown. Our group has demonstrated that sleep is triggered via accumulation of ROS during neuronal activities, and we thus hypothesize the involvement of Cd poisoning in sleep–wake irregularities. In the present study, we analyzed the effects of Cd intake (1–100 ppm CdCl2 in drinking water) on rats by monitoring sleep encephalograms and locomotor activities. The results demonstrated that 100 ppm CdCl2 administration for 28 h was sufficient to increase non‐rapid‐eye‐movement (non‐REM) sleep and reduce locomotor activities during the night (the rat active phase). In contrast, free‐running locomotor rhythms under constant dim red light and their re‐entrainment to 12:12‐h light/dark cycles were intact under chronic (1 month) 100 ppm CdCl2 administrations, suggesting a limited influence on circadian clock movements at this dosage. The relative amount of oxidized glutathione increased in the brain after the 28‐h 100 ppm CdCl2 administrations similar to the levels in cultured astrocytes receiving H2O2 or CdCl2 in culture medium. Therefore, we propose Cd‐induced sleep as a consequence of oxidative stress. As oxidized glutathione is an endogenous sleep substance, we suggest that Cd rapidly induces sleepiness and influences activity performance by occupying intrinsic sleep‐inducing mechanisms. In conclusion, we propose increased non‐REM sleep during the active phase as an index of acute Cd exposure. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recyclable synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of chitosan‐based polysaccharide composite materials
Authors: Tran Chieu D. , Duri Simon , Harkins April L. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWe have successfully developed a simple and totally recyclable method to synthesize novel, biocompatible, and biodegradable composite materials from cellulose (CEL) and chitosan (CS). In this method, [BMIm+Cl−], an ionic liquid (IL), was used as a green solvent to dissolve and synthesize the [CEL+CS] composites. Since, the IL can be removed from the composites by washing them with water, and recovered by distilling the washed solution, the method is totally recyclable. Spectroscopic and imaging techniques including XRD, FTIR, NIR, and SEM were used to monitor the dissolution, to characterize and to confirm that CEL and CS were successfully regenerated. More importantly, we have successfully demonstrated that [CEL+CS] composite is particularly suited for many applications including antimicrobial property. This is because the composites have combined advantages of their components, namely superior chemical and mechanical stability (from CEL) and bactericide (from CS). Results of tensile strength measurements clearly indicate that adding CEL into CS substantially increase its tensile strength. Up to 5× increase in tensile strength can be achieved by adding 80% of CEL into CS. Results of in vitro antibacterial assays confirm that CS retains its antibacterial property in the composite. More importantly, the composites reported here can inhibit growth of wider range of bacteria than other CS‐based materials prepared by conventional methods; that is over 24 h period, the composites substantially inhibited growth of bacteria such as MRSA, VRE, S. aureus, E. coli. These are bacteria that are often found to have the highest morbidity and mortality associated with wound infections. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2013.
Interdisciplinarity in the information field
Authors: Madsen Dorte 
Published: January 2013

AbstractInterdisciplinarity and its implications for developing a conceptual framework for the Information Field is discussed, and Zhang & Benjamin's (2007) paper Understanding Information Related Fields: A Conceptual Framework is examined. It is argued that the fundamental components of a framework must be seen as embedded in disciplines, with their theories, concepts, approaches and assumptions. It is argued that a theoretically based distinction between multi‐, inter‐ and transdisciplinarity is important as a foundation for a discussion of a conceptual framework for the Information Field. It is shown how interdisciplinary theory may inform the development of a shared conceptual framework for the Information Field. A continuum of integration from multi‐ to inter‐ to transdisciplinarity is useful for a distinction of different degrees of synthesis, as common conceptual frameworks tend to be associated with transdisciplinarity, which represents the greatest synthesis of approach.
Data reuse and sensemaking among novice social scientists
Authors: Faniel Ixchel M. , Kriesberg Adam , Yakel Elizabeth 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWe know little about the data reuse practices of novice data users. Yet large scale data reuse over the long term depends in part on uptake from early career researchers. This paper examines 22 novice social science researchers and how they make sense of social science data. Novices are particularly interested in understanding how data: 1) are transformed from qualitative to quantitative data, 2) capture concepts not well‐established in the literature, and 3) can be matched and merged across multiple datasets. We discuss how novice data users make sense of data in these three circumstances. We find that novices seek to understand the data producer's rationale for methodological procedures and measurement choices, which is broadly similar to researchers in other scientific communities. However we also find that they not only reflect on whether they can trust the data producers' decisions, but also seek guidance from members of their disciplinary community. Specifically, novice social science researchers are heavily influenced by more experienced social science researchers when it comes to discovering, evaluating, and justifying their reuse of other's data.
Understanding patient‐provider communication entered via a patient portal system
Authors: Sun Si , Zhou Xiaomu , Denny Joshua C. , Rosenbloom Trent , Xu Hua 
Published: January 2013

AbstractOur study examines patient‐provider communication via a patient portal in a large medical center. Our study is based on 1172 interactions made among stakeholders concerning 100 patients who are randomly selected from the 2009 MyHealthAtVanderbilt.com (a patient portal at the Vanderbilt Medical Center) patient pool; among which, 35 use the patient portal for messages. The findings show a wide range of topics discussed and ways in which patients provide and seek information as well as express psychosocial and emotional needs. In addition, while the patient portal has advantages over traditional communication technologies, it was not the primary communication media for our study sample. More research is needed to better elucidate barriers to the use of patient portals and the optimal methods of communication in differing contexts.
Dual roles in information mediation at work: Analysis of advice‐receiving and advice‐providing diary surveys
Authors: Yang Ji Yeon , Rieh Soo Young 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn everyday work, people often turn to their colleagues for information. Those colleagues play the role of information mediators by intervening in the information seeking and use of others. This study investigates how people initiate the information mediation process, how they influence one another's subsequent information behavior, and how they benefit from the process, from the perspectives of both the information seeker and the information mediator. To examine the dynamics of the information mediation process, an online diary survey was conducted in a real‐world workplace setting, followed by in‐depth interviews. This paper reports on a preliminary analysis of 450 diary entries in which participants reported the work tasks that required advice from colleagues as well as the extent of the advice provided. Analysis of the diary data revealed the types of tasks, types of advice, and relationship between task and advice types. The results suggest that people perceive tasks differently depending on whether they play the role of information seeker or information mediator, while their perception of advice seems to be independent of their role in the information mediation process. These typologies serve as a basis for further analyzing reciprocal influences between information seekers and mediators.
Investigating web information gathering tasks
Authors: Alhenshiri Anwar , Watters Carolyn , Shepherd Michael , Duffy Jack 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn this paper, we describe the preliminary results of a study investigating subtasks of the information gathering task on the Web. Those subtasks are: managing information, handling multiple sessions, and re‐finding information. The study compared features in a prototype, WIGI (Web Information Gathering Interface), to the current state of Web information gathering that involves mainly the Web browser. Substantial differences were revealed between the two states compared in the study.
Information use and information sharing in marketing: A diary study
Authors: Du Jia Tina 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe study reported in this paper is part of an ongoing research project exploring marketing professionals' information behavior. A diary study was conducted with seven marketing professionals who contributed a total of 1,198 diary entries during their five working days. This paper presents the results of how marketing professionals use and share information in their daily work activities including report writing, partnership maintenance, competitors' behavior and performance analysis, and strategic planning. The results show the subsequent use of information obtained and patterns of information sharing occurrence by marketing professionals.
AMARA: An affective agent to enhance users' enjoyment and engagement with online art collections
Authors: MacDonald Craig M. , Park S. Joon , Chae Gunho 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis demonstration presents AMARA, a novel interactive system to help novice art enthusiasts browse online art collections. Currently being developed for the Indianapolis Museum of Art website, the system uses an embedded interactive agent who asks users a series of simple and straightforward multiple‐choice questions regarding users' current feelings, preferences, and interests in art. The answers to each question are mapped to social tags, which are then used to retrieve and display relevant artworks the user may find interesting or appealing. Using AMARA, users can easily browse or search through online art collections without having to use a traditional keyword search, which requires extensive knowledge of art terminology or advanced subject expertise. Thus, AMARA was designed to enhance users' enjoyment and engagement with online art collections and assist users in discovering their known and unknown preferences in art.
Scientific bloggers under the altmetric microscope
Authors: Peters Isabella , Beutelspacher Lisa , Maghferat Parinaz , Terliesner Jens 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn this paper we present a preliminary altmetric study of scientific bloggers and how they use different social media (i.e. blogs, social bookmarking systems, and Twitter) for scholarly communication, information dissemination, and creation of visibility. We analyzed linking behavior in blog posts and tweets, number of comments assigned to blog posts and share of publications found in social bookmarking systems. Results show that heavy tweeting and blogging do not result in large numbers of followers and comments, tweets and blog posts contain lots of URLs and self‐citations, and share of publications found in social bookmarking systems varies between different platforms.
Introducing FRED: Faceted retrieval of e‐government documents
Authors: Freund Luanne , Jinglewski Mary , Kessler Kristof 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA faceted, metadata‐driven approach to e‐government information access is explored through the development of the FRED system. This paper describes first steps of this research, in which the quality of existing metadata in the Canadian context is examined, and the system framework is established. Future work will focus on mapping and supplementing existing metadata and evaluating the effectiveness of faceted information access in this domain.
Impact of antenatal glucocorticosteroids on whole‐genome expression in preterm babies
Authors: Saugstad Ola Didrik , Kwinta Przemko , Wollen Embjørg Julianne , Bik – Multanowski Mirosław , Madetko – Talowska Anna , Jagła Mateusz , Tomasik Tomasz , Pietrzyk Jacek Józef 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAimTo study the impact that using antenatal steroid to treat threatened preterm delivery has on whole‐genome expression.MethodsA prospective whole‐genome expression study was carried out on 50 newborn infants, delivered before 32 weeks gestation, who had been exposed to antenatal steroids, including 40 who had received a full antenatal steroid course. Seventy infants not exposed to antenatal steroids formed the control group. Microarray analyses were performed five and 28 days after delivery, and the results were validated by real‐time PCR. The study was conducted between September 2008 and November 2010.ResultsTwenty thousand six hundred and ninety‐three genes were studied in the infants' leucocytes. Thirteen were differentially expressed 5 days after delivery, but there were no differences at day 28. Four genes related to cancer or inflammation were up‐regulated. Nine genes were down‐regulated: six were Y‐linked and associated with malignancies, graft‐versus‐host disease, male infertility and cell differentiation and three were associated with pre‐eclampsia, oxidative stress and chloride/bicarbonate exchange. Seven gene pathways were up‐regulated at day five and only one at day 28. These were associated with cell growth, cell cycle regulation, metabolism and apoptosis.ConclusionAntenatal steroid therapy affects a limited number of genes and gene pathways in leucocytes in preterm babies at day five of life. The effect is short‐lived, but long‐term effects cannot be ruled out.
Managing disclosure following recent‐onset psychosis: utilizing the Individual Placement and Support model
Authors: Allott Kelly A. , Turner Luana R. , Chinnery Gina L. , Killackey Eoin J. , Nuechterlein Keith H. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAims:Individual Placement and Support is the most defined and evidence‐based approach to supported employment for severe mental illness, including recent‐onset psychosis. However, there is limited evidence or detailed guidelines informing the management of mental illness disclosure to educators or employers when delivering Individual Placement and Support. In this paper, we describe the initial disclosure preferences of young people with recent‐onset psychosis enrolled in Individual Placement and Support and provide guidance for managing disclosure when delivering Individual Placement and Support with this population.Methods:Drawing from sites in Melbourne, Australia and Los Angeles, USA, clients' initial disclosure preferences were examined. We describe approaches to providing IndividualPlacement and Support when no disclosure is permitted compared withwhen disclosure is permitted, including two illustrative case vignettes.Results:No disclosure of mental illness or disability was requested by 54–59% of clients; 41–46% of clients permitted partial or complete disclosure. The ‘no disclosure’ scenario required the Individual Placement and Support worker to provide support ‘behind the scenes’, whereas when disclosure was permitted, the Individual Placement and Support worker could have contact with instructors/employers and work ‘on the front lines’. The case vignettes illustrate how both approaches can lead to successful vocational outcomes.Conclusions:We found that Individual Placement and Support can be provided in an educative, flexible, creative and collaborative manner according to client disclosure preferences. We suggest that disclosure preferences do not prevent successful vocational outcomes, although this supposition requires empirical investigation.
Efficacy of the treatments used for the control of Caligus rogercresseyi infecting Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., in a new fish‐farming location in Region XI, Chile
Authors: Bravo S , Nuñez M , Silva M T 
Published: January 2013

AbstractCaligus rogercresseyi is the most important parasite affecting Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout farming in sea water in Chile. After the outbreaks of the infectious salmon anaemia recorded in Region X from 2007, the salmon industry has expanded southwards to Region XI, where 60% of Atlantic salmon in Chile is now produced. In parallel with the relocation of salmon production, sea lice infestation has also spread to Region XI, and today C. rogercresseyi is the most serious threat to the salmon‐farming industry in this region. The results obtained through a year of monitoring between September 2007 and August 2008 on a farm located in the ‘Las Guaitecas Archipelago’ in Region XI (44°S; 74°W) showed that treatments with emamectin benzoate and deltamethrin did not give the expected control of Caligus. Failures of the treatments were associated with the loss of sensitivity recorded for C. rogercresseyi to emamectin benzoate in Region X. In addition, a major influence was the lack of delousing coordination measures with the neighbouring farms sharing the same area in that period.
Prevalence and Prediction of Overweight and Obesity Among Elementary School Students
Authors: Moreno Geraldine , Johnson‐Shelton Deb , Boles Shawn 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe high rates of childhood overweight and obesity in the United States have generated interest in schools as sites for monitoring body mass index (BMI) information. This study established baseline values for a 5‐year longitudinal assessment of BMI of elementary school children and examined variation across the schools, because little is known about factors that affect the distribution of overweight and obesity within school districts.METHODSHeight and weight measurements were collected on 2317 elementary school children in 1 school district. BMI was calculated using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's NutStat program. Child characteristics included gender, age, eligibility for free and reduced lunch (proxy for socioeconomic status [SES]), school, grade, and ethnicity/race. Children were grouped into 2 BMI categories, <85th percentile or ≥85th percentile (overweight/obesity). Logistic regression was used to examine potential predictors of overweight/obesity.RESULTSPrevalence of ≥85th percentile was 30.9%, 34.4%, 35.3%, 36.4%, 37.1%, and 44.5% for K‐5, respectively. Prevalence of ≥85th percentile was highest among Hispanic children. Ethnicity was the strongest predictor of inclusion in the ≥85th percentile category followed by grade and free and reduced lunch eligibility.CONCLUSIONThe data are consistent with the prevalence of overweight/obesity among American children and Hispanic children in particular. District prevalence of overweight/obesity is higher than available state statistics. Most of the BMI variation is accounted for by ethnicity, SES, and grade. The grade effect and high prevalence of overweight/obesity provide a rationale for BMI screening retention at the schools.
Comparison of Multiple-Locus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis with Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Typing of Acinetobacter baumannii in China
Authors: Hu Yuan , Li Boqing , Jin Dazhi , Cui Zhigang , Tao Xiaoxia , Zhang Binghua , Zhang Jianzhong 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT

A panel of seven variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) markers was selected for
Acinetobacter baumannii
typing analysis (MLVA-7). Compared with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), MLVA-7 provided greater discrimination. We modified the criteria for MLVA complex assignments proposed previously, and a remarkable congruence between MLVA-7- and PFGE-based strain clustering was observed.
Emergency medical admissions, deaths at weekends and the public holiday effect. Cohort study
Authors: Smith Stacy , Allan Ananda , Greenlaw Nicola , Finlay Sian , Isles Chris 
Published: January 2013

ObjectivesTo assess whether mortality of patients admitted on weekends and public holidays was higher in a district general hospital whose consultants are present more than 6 h per day on the acute medical unit with no other fixed clinical commitments.DesignCohort study.SettingSecondary care.ParticipantsAll emergency medical admissions to Dumfries and Galloway Royal Infirmary between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2010.MethodsWe examined 7 and 30 day mortality for all weekend and for all public holiday admissions, using all weekday and non-public holiday admissions, respectively, as comparators. We adjusted mortality for age, gender, comorbidity, deprivation, diagnosis and year of admission.Results771 (3.8%) of 20 072 emergency admissions died within 7 days of admission and 1780 (8.9%) within 30 days. Adjusted weekend mortality in the all weekend versus all other days analysis was not significantly higher at 7 days (OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.31; p=0.312) or at 30 days (OR 1.07, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.21; p=0.322). By contrast, adjusted public holiday mortality in the all public holidays versus all other days analysis was 48% higher at 7 days (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.95; p=0.006) and 27% higher at 30 days (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.57; p=0.031). Interactions between the weekend variable and the public holiday variable were not statistically significant for mortality at either 7 or 30 days.ConclusionsPatients admitted as emergencies to medicine on public holidays had significantly higher mortality at 7 and 30 days compared with patients admitted on other days of the week.