bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of transparent PMMA/Fe(IO3)3 nanocomposite films from microemulsion polymerization
Authors: Houf Latifa , Mugnier Yannick , Rouxel Didier , Le Dantec Ronan , Badie Laurent , Vincent Brice , Coustal Cécile , Beauquis Sandrine , Thevenet Charlotte , Galez Christine 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTPolymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/Fe(IO3)3 nanocomposite thin films are obtained by in situ particle generation in microemulsions and subsequent photopolymerization of a mixture containing methyl methacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, and crystallized iron iodate (Fe(IO3)3) nanorods. Hyper‐Rayleigh scattering measurements combined with X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering are first used to probe in situ the crystallization kinetics of iron iodate nanorods in water‐in‐oil microemulsions prepared with methyl methacrylate as the oil phase and marlophen NP12 as a surfactant. Trimethylolpropane triacrylate is then added as a crosslinker before spin‐coating. Films are deposited on glass substrates for the nonlinear optical characterizations and on silicon wafers for the piezoelectric and mechanical measurements. Nanocomposite films treated by corona discharge are finally characterized through optical microscopy, laser Doppler vibrometry, and Brillouin spectroscopy. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 1203‐1211, 2013
Catherine Breillat's “Tapage nocturne”
Authors: Lafontaine Andrée 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTDiscomfort remains, within feminist film theory, with representations of women in degrading, humiliating, and submissive positions. For years, feminist film theorists contested these images on film as a sign of misogyny, and feminist film theory evolved in large part due to those battles. Laura Mulvey's influential claim, that male spectators derive pleasure (cinematic and otherwise) from adopting a dominant position and a sadistic behavior toward women on screen, was later on challenged by Gaylyn Studlar, who pointed out the primacy of the pleasure in submission over that of mastery. In her important book on the von Sternberg/Dietrich film cycle, Studlar affirmed the potentially subversive nature of a masochistic aesthetic in film. She, however – and along with many other theorists after her – sees this subversion in the reversal of traditional gender roles (woman as passive, man as active). It has been easy to praise the value of a work portraying women on top. When women end up on the bottom, however, the film is ideologically suspicious and accused of perpetuating stereotypes, if not of encouraging abuse against women. This paper looks at the work of French director Catherine Breillat to see how female masochism operates and what functions it plays for her female characters’ identities. For our analysis, we will be looking at various conceptions of masochism, more particularly, those of Gilles Deleuze, Gaylyn Studlar and Emmanuel Ghent. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of torrefaction pretreatment for ethanol fermentation from waste money bills
Authors: Sheikh Md. Mominul Islam , Kim Chul‐Hwan , Park Hyeon‐Jin , Kim Sung‐Ho , Kim Gyeong‐Chul , Lee Ji‐Young , Sim Sung‐Woong , Kim Jae Won 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWaste money bills (WMB) that are no longer legal tender are nonrecyclable and are generally useless. In this work, we used this cellulose‐rich material for ethanol fermentation for the first time. Torrefaction of this nonlignocellulosic waste material was attempted to examine whether such material could benefit from this process as a conventional lignocellulosic material does. Effects of two important parameters, that is, residence times (20, 40, and 60 Min) and temperatures (140, 160, 180, 200, and 220°C), on the torrefaction yield were studied under an inert atmosphere. Glucose and ethanol yields were compared using a factorial experimental design. The highest glucose yield (81.59 mg/mL) was obtained with a torrefaction treatment consisting of 40 min at 180 °C, and it was increased 44.89% compared to untreated WMB. Based on ethanol feasibility studies conducted on WMB, this estimated quantity of glucose could be produced for subsequent fermentation to ethanol (38.92 mg/mL) and it was increased 47.92% compared to the untreated sample. The fermentation rate was also enhanced by adding 0.4 mM benzoic acid under anaerobic conditions. It is concluded that production of ethanol from WMB would reduce waste management costs and thus would be profitable.
Discrimination of vinegars using a catalytic nanomaterials‐based chemiluminescence sensor array
Authors: Niu Weifen , Liu Yan 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTQuality control of foods is important for both industrial and personal concerns. In the past decade, a variety of sensor techniques have been developed and various applications realized for the analysis of foods in both the liquid and gas phases. In this paper, we report a chemiluminescence (CL) sensor array based on nine catalytic nanomaterials for the discrimination of eight vinegars. CL response patterns can be obtained as ‘fingerprints’ for a given compound on the sensor array and then discriminated using linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The experiments demonstrate that the sensor array has excellent differentiability and reversibility. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Extended Activity of Triazole‐Containing Macrocyclic Protease Inhibitors
Authors: Pehere Ashok D. , Pietsch Markus , Gütschow Michael , Neilsen Paul M. , Pedersen Daniel Sejer , Nguyen Steven , Zvarec Ondrej , Sykes Matthew J. , Callen David F. , Abell Andrew D. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractPeptide‐derived protease inhibitors are an important class of compounds with the potential to treat a wide range of diseases. Herein, we describe the synthesis of a series of triazole‐containing macrocyclic protease inhibitors pre‐organized into a β‐strand conformation and an evaluation of their activity against a panel of proteases. Acyclic azido–alkyne‐based aldehydes are also evaluated for comparison. The macrocyclic peptidomimetics showed considerable activity towards calpain II, cathepsin L and S, and the 20S proteasome chymotrypsin‐like activity. Some of the first examples of highly potent macrocyclic inhibitors of cathepsin S were identified. These adopt a well‐defined β‐strand geometry as shown by NMR spectroscopy, X‐ray analysis, and molecular docking studies.
Effect of small scale flow barriers heterogeneities and connate water on displacement efficiency of polymer floods to heavy oil reservoirs
Authors: Mohammadi Saber , Ghazanfari Mohammed Hossein , Masihi Mohsen , Vossoughi Shapour 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThis work concerns a fundamental understanding of how heterogeneities induced by flow barriers and connate water affect the displacement efficiency of polymer floods, which has rarely been studied in the available literature. Here, a series of water/polymer injection experiments to heavy oil performed on five‐spot glass micromodels containing randomly distributed shale structures is presented. It has been found that macroscopic efficiency of polymer flooding majorly depends on flow barriers distribution/configuration; shale content and geometrical characteristics; presence of connate water and wettability of medium. Microscopic pictures revealed that the main parts of connate water were trapped in some pores/throats near and especially behind the shale streaks; also, presence of connate water causes a reduction of sweep efficiency due to premature breakthrough of displacing fluid in an oil‐wet media. In absence of connate water, polymer solution could linger and stick to the pore walls to delay the time for a polymer to channel to the production site. Results of this work disclose requirements for a detailed geologic study of barrier size and distribution for successful design of EOR processes in heterogeneous reservoirs.
Understanding of no‐load power in low consistency refiners
Authors: Rajabi Nasab Nina , Olson James A. , Heymer Jens , Martinez Mark D. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractLow consistency refining is primary means of improving the paper quality by imparting energy to fibres through repeated fibre–bar interactions. Useful part of the energy modifies the morphology of fibres and the remaining, no‐load power, overcomes the hydraulic, pumping and mechanical losses in the refiner. In this study, effect of consistency, operational and plate design parameters on no‐load power was experimentally determined on two pilot scale refiners with different diameters. Obtained data were used to provide a statistical model for prediction of no‐load power. To study the effect of diameter and groove depth, no‐load power of some mills were collected.
Spray characteristics of a swirl atomiser in trigger sprayers using water–ethanol mixtures
Authors: Yao Shanshan , Fang Tiegang 
Published: April 2013

AbstractPressure swirl atomisers are widely used in both industry and daily life. It is critical to understand the spray transient behaviour for better design of these systems. This paper presents an experimental study of conical liquid sheets breakup from a swirl atomiser nozzle in trigger sprayers. Spray and atomisation characteristics were measured and analysed. Water–ethanol mixtures were used to simulate different fluids on the breakup and atomisation quality of the spray development process with a wide range of surface tension while maintaining relatively small changes in fluid viscosity and density. The spray images were taken by a high speed digital camera and post‐processed to analyse the global spray structure, spray cone angle, and breakup length. The droplet size and its distribution were measured using a laser diffraction technique. It was observed that the surface waves grow rapidly on the cone‐shaped liquid sheets and breakup into liquid ligaments and droplets during the initial stage of fluid dispensing. Then the spray transitions into the developed stage. Near the end of the dispensing process, the liquid cone collapses with poor atomisation (large droplets) due to momentum loss. The comparison between different fluids showed that the spray cone angle and liquid breakup length decreased with the increase of ethanol percentage ratio. The percentiles parameters, Sauter mean diameter (SMD) and particle size distribution were measured and compared for different locations. High surface tension fluids produce larger droplets than lower surface tension fluids, which have the same trend as the percentiles parameters and SMD. Results also show that droplet size and its distribution depend on the location of the measurement. Generally speaking, smaller droplet size is found for a location away from the nozzle axis in the vertical direction. In the horizontal direction, larger droplet sizes are found for a location closer to the nozzle exit. © 2013 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
Expression of androgen receptor and its phosphorylated forms in breast cancer progression
Authors: Ren Qinghu , Zhang Liying , Ruoff Rachel , Ha Susan , Wang Jinhua , Jain Shilpa , Reuter Victor , Gerald William , Giri Dilip D. , Melamed Jonathan , Garabedian Michael J. , Lee Peng , Logan Susan K. 
Published: April 2013

BACKGROUNDAndrogen receptor (AR) expression in breast cancers may serve as a prognostic and predictive marker. We examined the expression pattern of AR and its phosphorylated forms, Ser‐213 (AR‐Ser[P]‐213) and Ser‐650 (AR‐Ser[P]‐650), in breast cancer and evaluated their association with clinicopathological parameters.METHODSImmunohistochemistry was performed on primary and distant metastatic breast cancers and benign breast tissue using antibodies against AR, AR‐Ser(P)‐213, and AR‐Ser(P)‐650. The levels of cytoplasmic and nuclear expression were scored semiquantitatively using a histoscore.RESULTSNuclear staining of AR was observed in all benign breast tissue and 67% of cancer cases. Nuclear and cytoplasmic AR‐Ser(P)‐213 was increased in breast cancers 2‐fold (P = .0014) and 1.7‐fold (P = .05), respectively, compared with benign controls, whereas nuclear and cytoplasmic AR‐Ser(P)‐650 expression was decreased in tumors by 1.9‐fold and 1.7‐fold (both P < .0001), respectively. Increased expression of nuclear or cytoplasmic AR‐Ser(P)‐213 was observed in metastatic breast cancers (1.3‐fold, P = .05), ER‐negative (2.6‐fold, P = .001), and invasive ductal carcinoma (6.8‐fold, P = .04). AR‐Ser(P)‐650 expression was downregulated in lymph node‐positive breast cancers (1.4‐fold, P = .02) but was upregulated in invasive ductal carcinomas (3.2‐fold, P < .0001) and metastases (1.5‐fold, P = .003). Moreover, in ER‐negative breast cancers, nuclear AR‐Ser(P)‐650 was decreased (1.4‐fold, P = .005), and cytoplasmic AR‐Ser(P)‐650 was increased (1.4‐fold, P = .003).CONCLUSIONSAR and its phosphorylation at serines 213 and 650 are differentially expressed in breast cancer tumorigenesis and progression. Phosphorylation of AR at serines 213 and 650 is increased in ER‐negative breast cancers, ductal carcinomas, and metastases and may have predictive value in breast cancer prognosis. Cancer 2013;119:2532–2540. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Trends in mammography screening rates after publication of the 2009 US Preventive Services Task Force recommendations
Authors: Pace Lydia E. , He Yulei , Keating Nancy L. 
Published: April 2013

BACKGROUNDIn November 2009, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) issued new recommendations regarding mammography screening. The Task Force recommended against routine screening for women ages 40 to 49 years and recommended biennial screening for women ages 50 to74 years. The recommendations met great controversy in mass media and medical literature; whether they have had an impact on screening patterns is not known. The objective of this study was to determine whether the 2009 USPSTF recommendations led to changes in screening rates among women ages 40 to 49 years and ages 50 to 74 years.METHODSThe authors performed cross‐sectional assessments of mammography screening in 2005, 2008, and 2011 using data from the National Health Interview Survey, a nationally representative, in‐person, household survey of the civilian, noninstitutionalized US population. In total, 27,829 women ages ≥40 years responded to the 2005, 2008, or 2011 surveys and reported about their mammography use. The primary outcome assessed was self‐reported mammography screening in the past year.RESULTSWhen adjusted for race, income, education level, insurance, and immigration status, mammography rates increased slightly from 2008 to 2011 (from 51.9% to 53.6%; P = .07) and did not decline within any age group. Among women ages 40 to 49 years, screening rates were 46.1% in 2008 and 47.5% in 2011 (P = 0.38). For women ages 50 to 74, screening rates were 57.2 in 2008 and 59.1 in 2011 (P = 0.09).CONCLUSIONSMammography rates did not decrease among women aged >40 years after publication of the USPSTF recommendations in 2009, suggesting that the vigorous policy debates and coverage in the media and medical literature have had an impact on the adoption of these recommendations. Cancer 2013;119:2518–2523. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Stage I of a phase 2 study assessing the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of barasertib (AZD1152) versus low‐dose cytosine arabinoside in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Kantarjian Hagop M. , Martinelli Giovanni , Jabbour Elias J. , Quintás‐Cardama Alfonso , Ando Kiyoshi , Bay Jacques‐Olivier , Wei Andrew , Gröpper Stefanie , Papayannidis Cristina , Owen Kate , Pike Laura , Schmitt Nicola , Stockman Paul K. , Giagounidis Aristoteles ,   SPARK‐AML1 Investigators
Published: April 2013

BACKGROUNDIn this phase 2 study, the authors evaluated the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of the Aurora B kinase inhibitor barasertib compared with low‐dose cytosine arabinoside (LDAC) in patients aged ≥60 years with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).METHODSPatients were randomized 2:1 to receive either open‐label barasertib 1200 mg (as a 7‐day intravenous infusion) or LDAC 20 mg (subcutaneously twice daily for 10 days) in 28‐day cycles. The primary endpoint was the objective complete response rate (OCRR) (complete responses [CR] plus confirmed CRs with incomplete recovery of neutrophils or platelets [CRi] according to Cheson criteria [also requiring reconfirmation of CRi ≥21 days after the first appearance and associated with partial recovery of platelets and neutrophils]). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and safety.RESULTSIn total, 74 patients (barasertib, n = 48; LDAC, n = 26) completed ≥1 cycle of treatment. A significant improvement in the OCRR was observed with barasertib (35.4% vs 11.5%; difference, 23.9%; 95% confidence interval, 2.7%‐39.9%; P < .05). Although the study was not formally sized to compare OS data, the median OS with barasertib was 8.2 months versus 4.5 months with LDAC (hazard ratio, 0.88; 95% confidence interval, 0.49‐1.58; P = .663). Stomatitis and febrile neutropenia were the most common adverse events with barasertib versus LDAC (71% vs 15% and 67% vs 19%, respectively).CONCLUSIONSBarasertib produced a significant improvement in the OCRR versus LDAC and had a more toxic but manageable safety profile, consistent with previous studies. Cancer 2013;119:2611–2619. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Differential dendritic targeting of AMPA receptor subunit mRNAs in adult rat hippocampal principal neurons and interneurons
Authors: Cox David J. , Racca Claudia 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIn hippocampal neurons, AMPA receptors (AMPARs) mediate fast excitatory postsynaptic responses at glutamatergic synapses, and are involved in various forms of synaptic plasticity. Dendritic local protein synthesis of selected AMPAR subunit mRNAs is considered an additional mechanism to independently and rapidly control the strength of individual synapses.We have used fluorescent in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry to analyze the localization of AMPAR subunit (GluA1–4) mRNAs and their relationship with the translation machinery in principal cells and interneurons of the adult rat hippocampus. The mRNAs encoding all four AMPAR subunits were detected in the somata and dendrites of CA3 and CA1 pyramidal cells and those of six classes of CA1 γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic interneurons. GluA1–4 subunit mRNAs were highly localized to the apical dendrites of pyramidal cells, whereas in interneurons they were present in multiple dendrites. In contrast, in the dentate gyrus, GluA1–4 subunit mRNAs were virtually restricted to the somata and were absent from the dendrites of granule cells. These different regional and cell type‐specific labeling patterns also correlated with the localization of markers for components of the protein synthesis machinery. Our results support the local translation of GluA1–4 mRNAs in dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal cells and CA1 interneurons but not in granule cells of the dentate gyrus. Furthermore, the regional and cell type‐specific differences we observed suggest that each cell type uses distinct ways of regulating the local translation of AMPAR subunits. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:1954–2007, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
In vivo characterization of a bigenic fluorescent mouse model of Alzheimer's disease with neurodegeneration
Authors: Crowe Sarah E. , Ellis‐Davies Graham C.R. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe loss of cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients is strongly correlated with the loss of neurons in various regions of the brain. We have created a new fluorescent bigenic mouse model of AD by crossing “H‐line” yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) mice with the 5xFAD mouse model, which we call the 5XY mouse model. The 5xFAD mouse has been shown to have significant loss of L5 pyramidal neurons by 12 months of age. These neurons are transgenically labeled with YFP in the 5XY mouse, which enable longitudinal imaging of structural changes. In the 5XY mice, we observed an appearance of axonal dystrophies, with two distinct morphologies in the early stages of the disease progression. Simple swelling dystrophies are transient in nature and are not directly associated with amyloid plaques. Rosette dystrophies are more complex structures that remained stable throughout all imaging sessions, and always surrounded an amyloid plaque. Plaque growth was followed over 4 weeks, and significant growth was seen between weekly imaging sessions. In addition to axonal dystrophy appearance and plaque growth, we were able to follow spine stability in 4‐month old 5XY mice, which revealed no significant loss of spines. 5XY mice also showed a striking shrinkage of the neocortex at older ages (12–14 months). The 5XY mouse model may be a valuable tool for studying specific events in the degeneration of the neocortex, and may suggest new avenues for therapeutic intervention. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:2181–2194, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Similarities and Differences in the Optical Response of Perylene‐Based Hetero‐Bichromophores and Their Monomeric Units
Authors: Selig Ulrike , Nuernberger Patrick , Dehm Volker , Settels Volker , Gsänger Marcel , Engels Bernd , Würthner Frank , Brixner Tobias 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe linear and nonlinear optical response of molecular hetero‐dimers and their composing perylene units is explored with fluorometry, steady‐state and transient absorption, and coherent two‐dimensional electronic spectroscopy. Supported by a Förster theory approach and ab initio calculations, we disclose the photoinduced dynamics comprising excitonic coupling, conformational changes, charge transfer, and relaxation dynamics. The influence of the actual orientation of the two chromophore units on these processes is investigated by employing two bichromophores built of the same monomeric units but linked differently.
Novel Process Windows for Enabling, Accelerating, and Uplifting Flow Chemistry
Authors: Hessel Volker , Kralisch Dana , Kockmann Norbert , Noël Timothy , Wang Qi 
Published: April 2013

AbstractNovel Process Windows make use of process conditions that are far from conventional practices. This involves the use of high temperatures, high pressures, high concentrations (solvent‐free), new chemical transformations, explosive conditions, and process simplification and integration to boost synthetic chemistry on both the laboratory and production scale. Such harsh reaction conditions can be safely reached in microstructured reactors due to their excellent transport intensification properties. This Review discusses the different routes towards Novel Process Windows and provides several examples for each route grouped into different classes of chemical and process‐design intensification.
Porous Graphitic Carbon Nanosheets Derived from Cornstalk Biomass for Advanced Supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Lei , Mu Guang , Tian Chungui , Sun Li , Zhou Wei , Yu Peng , Yin Jie , Fu Honggang 
Published: April 2013

AbstractPorous graphitic carbon nanosheets (PGCS) are synthesized by an in situ self‐generating template strategy based on the carburized effect of iron with cornstalks. Cornstalks firstly coordinate with [Fe(CN)6]4− ions to form the cornstalk–[Fe(CN)6]4− precursor. After carbonization and removal of the catalyst, PGCS are obtained. Series experiments indicate that PGCS can only be formed when using an iron‐based catalyst that can generate a carburized phase during the pyrolytic process. The unique structures of PGCS exhibit excellent capacitive performance. The PGCS‐1‐1100 sample (synthesized from 0.1 M [Fe(CN)6]4− with a carbonization temperature of 1100 °C), which shows excellent electrochemical capacitance (up to 213 F g−1 at 1 A g−1), cycling stability, and rate performance in 6 M KOH electrolyte. In the two‐electrode symmetric supercapacitors, the maximum energy densities that can be achieved are as high as 9.4 and 61.3 Wh kg−1 in aqueous and organic electrolytes, respectively. Moreover, high energy densities of 8.3 and 40.6 Wh kg−1 are achieved at the high power density of 10.5 kW kg−1 in aqueous and organic electrolytes, respectively. This strategy holds great promise for preparing PGCS from natural resources, including cornstalks, as advanced electrodes in supercapacitors.