bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An analysis of noun tone groups in Bafut
Authors: Neba Ayu’nwi Ngwabe 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis paper identifies and explains tone patterns in Bafut nouns. After identifying the following tone processes: Tone Lowering (TL), High Tone Spread (HTS) and Phrase Final L Tone Docking (PFLTD), the paper demonstrates that besides the traditional morphological noun classes known to exist in Bantu languages, nouns can also be classified on the basis of tone patterns. The application of TL results in two classes: a class of nouns whose first syllable only is affected by TL and another whose two or more syllables are affected. HTS on the other hand, produces three classes: nouns with a surface high falling contour on their first syllables, nouns with a surface high tone in this same position and those with a downstepped H on all its syllables. PFLTD on its part produces two classes: nouns with a surface utterance final L and those with a final H tone. Data analysis reveals that the behaviour of a noun vis-à-vis the application of TL, HTS and PFLTD depends on whether the noun is lexically toneless, high toned or low toned and whether a noun has a HH or H stem. Tone patterns in Bafut nouns seem to be a kaleidoscope of the historical changes reported in the literature about Grassfields Bantu languages.
Of Babies and Bathwater. A Review of Tuukka Kaidesoja Naturalizing Critical Realist Social Ontology
Authors: Elder-Vass Dave 
Published: July 2015

AbstractTuukka Kaidesoja’s new book is a welcome addition to the literature on critical realism. He shows good judgement in defending Roy Bhaskar’s argument for causal powers while criticising its framing as a transcendental argument. In criticising Bhaskar’s concept of a real-but-not-actual ontological domain, however, he discards an essential element of a realist ontology, even a naturalised one: a recognition of the transfactual aspect of causal power.
Elaborating Naturalized Critical Realism: Response to Ruth Groff, Dave Elder-Vass, Daniel Little and Petri Ylikoski
Authors: Kaidesoja Tuukka 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis paper is a reply to the discussions of Ruth Groff, Dave Elder-Vass, Daniel Little, and Petri Ylikoski of Tuukka Kaidesoja (2013): Naturalizing Critical Realist Social Ontology (London: Routledge).
The Structure of Tort Law, Revisited: The Problem of Corporate Responsibility
Authors: Ewing Benjamin 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe prevalence of instrumentalist (particularly economic) approaches to tort law owes not only to the success of the law and economics movement but also to lingering questions about how well tort law instantiates such non-economic values as fairness and responsibility. In this article I use recent work in philosophy to help defend the view that tort law embodies distinctive interpersonal norms of responsibility. First, I draw on T. M. Scanlon’s work to help clarify the role that morally significant forms of agential responsibility play in tort law. Second, I connect the resulting analysis with Christian List’s and Philip Pettit’s theory of group agency and responsibility to defend the idea that responsibility-based explanations and justifications of tort law continue to make sense even when—as is often the case—defendants are groups such as corporations rather than individual human agents.
Comparison of Total Tumor Volume, Size and Number of Colorectal Liver Metastases in Prediction of Survival in Patients after Liver Resection
Authors: Hołówko Wacław , Grąt Michał , Wronka Karolina Maria , Stypułkowski Jan , Roszkowski Rafał , Studnicki Paweł , Krawczyk Marek 
Published: July 2015

AbstractLiver is the most common location of the colorectal cancer metastases occurrence. Liver resection is the only curative method of treatment. Unfortunately it is feasible only in 25% of patients with colorectal liver metastases, often because of the extensiveness of the disease.The aim of the study was to evaluate the predictive value of total tumor volume, size and number of colorectal liver metastases in patients treated with right hemihepatectomy.Material and methods. A retrospective analysis was performed in a group of 135 patients with colorectal liver metastases, who were treated with right hemihepatectomy. Total tumor volume was estimated based on the formula (4/3)πr3. Moreover, the study included an analysis of data on the number and size of tumors, radicality of the resection, time between primary tumor resection and liver resection, pre-operative blood serum concentration of carcinoembryonal antigen (CEA) and carcinoma antigen Ca19-9. The predictive value of the factors was evaluated by applying a Cox proportional hazards model and the area under the ROC curve.Results. The univariate analysis has shown the predictive value of size of the largest tumor (p=0.033; HR=1.065 per each cm) on the overall survival, however no predictive value of number of tumors (p=0.997; HR=1.000) and total tumor volume (p=0.212; HR=1.002) was observed. The multivariate analysis did not confirm the predictive value of the size of the largest tumor (p=0.141; HR=1.056). In the analysis of ROC curves, AUROC for the total tumor volume, the size of the largest tumor and the number of tumors were 0.629, 0.608, 0.520, respectively.Conclusions. Total tumor volume, size and number of liver metastases are not independent risk factors for the worse overall survival of patients with colorectal liver metastases treated with liver resection, therefore increased values of these factors should not be a contraindication for surgical treatment
Expression of the PLS3 Gene in Circulating Cells in Patients with Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kujawski Ryszard , Przybyłowska-Sygut Karolina , Mik Michał , Lewandowski Miłosz , Trzciński Radzisław , Berut Maciej , Dziki Łukasz , Majsterek Ireneusz , Dziki Adam 
Published: July 2015

AbstractCirculating tumor cells (CTC) are cells in circulating blood that have the antigen and gene features of tumor cells of a specific type. Since they can be potentially used in diagnostics and monitoring of treatment of many tumors, they have been attracting attention of researchers worldwide. Plastin-3 (PL S3) is one of such markers of CTC.The aim of the study was to assess expression of PL S3 in CTC in patients with colorectal cancer, to conduct a statistical analysis and to demonstrate a link between expression of PL S3 and progress of the disease, level of CEA and Ca19-9 markers, gender and age of the patients.Material and methods. A group of 85 patients of the Department of General and Colorectal Surgery of the Medical University in Łódź were enrolled in this study. Circulating tumor cells were isolated from whole blood of patients with colorectal cancer and an analysis of PL S3 gene expression in CTC was conducted. The next step was to conduct a statistical analysis and to demonstrate a link between expression of PL S3 in patients’ CTC and progress of the disease, level of CEA and Ca19-9 markers, gender and age of the patients.Results. PL S3 is a marker which can be potentially used in prediction and monitoring of colorectal cancer. A link between expression of PL S3 in CTC of patients with colorectal cancer and metastasis to lymph nodes has been demonstrated. It may be of key importance how PL S3 could impact the qualification to supplementary cancer treatment in patients with stage II colorectal cancer. A link between expression of PL S3 gene in CTC and gender requires further in-depth studies. It is beyond doubt that PL S3 must be further investigated to determine its role in diagnostics, prediction, treatment and monitoring of treatment of colorectal cancer
A Change of Traditional Method of Treatment of Partial Thickness Burn with Hydrofibre Dressings
Authors: Mitura Kryspin , Osłowska Jolanta , Mitura Alicja 
Published: July 2015

AbstractNearly 1% of population is affected with burn trauma annually. Among patients seeking advanced medical care almost 8% require hospital stay. Most burns are superficial and do not cause full thickness damage to the skin. Standard topical treatment of burn wounds with creams and ointments requires frequent dressings’ changes. The healing process is long and expensive. The technological revolution, as occurred in the last decade in the field of dressing care allows us to introduce the use of advanced material solutions. Modern materials allow to shorten the treatment time, reduce the expenses and diminish the patient discomfort leading to good outcome.The study presented a case of four patients treated due to the partial thickness burn wound. Hydrofiber dressing with silver ions were introduced in the treatment. We observed good short and long term results
The Influence of Micropauses on Surgeons’ Precision After Short Laparoscopy Procedures
Authors: Komorowski Andrzej L. , Usero David Dominguez , Rodil Jose Ramon Martin‑Hidalgo , Topór-Mądry Roman 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIt has recently been shown that micropauses during long surgical procedures can be beneficial for surgeons’ precision and fatigue.The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of micropauses on surgical precision measured by a simple smartphone application.Material and methods. Two surgeons performed 40 simple laparoscopic procedures (appendectomy and cholecystectomy) with or without micropauses. After the operation the precision of surgical movements was measured by a simple smartphone application in which the number of successful trials and their mean time were used as a precision surrogate.Results. Mean number of successful trials was significantly higher for appendectomy than for cholecystectomy (5.59 vs 4; p = 0.032). There was a difference between participating surgeons both in terms of number of successful trials (5.80 vs 3.55; p = 0.01) and a mean time of all successful trials (10.03 vs 6.28; p = 0.001). No other statistically significant differences were identified.Conclusion. Micropauses had no influence on surgical precision as evaluated after short laparoscopy procedures. The only differences were surgeon-dependent and intervention-dependent.
Is the Age of Patients with Iatrogenic Bile Duct Injuries Increasing?
Authors: Stankiewicz Rafał , Najnigier Bogusław , Krawczyk Marek 
Published: July 2015

AbstractResection of the gall-bladder is still the most common surgical procedure performed at general surgery departments. The laparoscopic method used in the majority of cases offers considerable benefits but at the same time is associated with an increased rate of bile duct complications. So far, a slim female aged 25-50 years was a typical patient with a iatrogenic bile duct injury.The aim of the study was to identify the age of patients with iatrogenic bile duct injuries as well as the clinical course observed in recent years.Material and methods. Gender and age structure of patients admitted to the Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery between the beginning of 2011 and June 2014 and treated for iatrogenic bile duct injuries, complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, were analysed. The patients were referred to the department as a reference centre.Results. In the group of 186 patients, females predominated (69.4%) and the mean age was 52 years. A considerable increase in the mean age of patients treated in 2014 as compared with previous years was seen. This was related to an increased rate of bile duct injuries in patients aged over 70 years, who accounted for about 25% of the group. In previous years, bile duct injuries in patients of such an advanced age happened considerably less frequently.Conclusions. A iatrogenic bile duct injury in an elderly person may prove a fatal complication. A repair surgery, i.e. the biliary-enteric anastomosis, is a major and burdensome procedure, particularly in the case of patients aged over 70 years. Special caution during laparoscopic cholecystectomy is advised in this population, and the slightest doubts should lead to conversion.
Surgical Correction of a Webbed-Neck Deformity in Turner’S Syndrome
Authors: Zieliński Tomasz , Lorenc-Podgórska Katarzyna , Antoszewski Bogusław 
Published: July 2015

AbstractTurner’s syndrome occurs in approximately 1 out of every 2,000 to 2,500 live-born girls. This genetically determined pathology is characterised by multiple congenital anomalies. A typical form of this syndrome is associated with a lack of one of the sex chromosomes (karyotype 45, X). From the point of view of plastic surgery, one of the most important elements of the therapy is correction of the webbed neck deformity.The aim of the study was to present the possibilities of surgical treatment of a webbed neck of patients with Turner’s syndrome and the evaluation of treatment results.In the years 2000-2012, six children with Turner’s syndrome were treated because of the webbed neck deformity. The age of patients ranged from 9 to 17 years.In the case of all patients, the aim was to distribute the neck skin folds by using Z-plasty in conjunction with a shift to the back of glabrous skin flaps mobilised from the anterolateral surface of the neck. In the case of four operated patients, the folds were completely removed and a correct symmetrical outline of the neck was obtained. One patient was found to have unilateral moderate webbed neck recurrence after about 2 years of treatment. In one case, the correction was insufficient. The performed surgical procedures enabled correction of low hairline only in the lateral parts of the neck. The lower line of the scalp in the central part of the neck has remained unchanged.The lateral approach with a shift of glabrous skin flap to the back, which we performed, allows for effective reduction of the webbed neck, excision of bands of the connective tissue and correction of the low hairline on the side of the neck. Z-plasty enables an adequate extension of scars and improves the contour of the neck.
Analysis of complications after blood components’ transfusions
Authors: Timler Dariusz , Klepaczka Jadwiga , Kasielska-Trojan Anna , Bogusiak Katarzyna 
Published: July 2015

AbstractComplications after blood components still constitute an important clinical problem and serve as limitation of liberal-transfusion strategy.The aim of the study was to present the 5-year incidence of early blood transfusions complications and to assess their relation to the type of the transfused blood components.Material and methods. 58,505 transfusions of blood components performed in the years 2006-2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Data concerning the amount of the transfused blood components and the numbers of adverse transfusion reactions reported to the Regional Blood Donation and Treatment Center (RBDTC) was collected.Results. 95 adverse transfusion reactions were reportedto RBDTC 0.16% of alldonations (95/58 505) - 58 after PRBC transfusions, 28 after platelet concentrate transfusions and 9 after FFP transfusion. Febrile nonhemolytic and allergic reactions constitute respectively 36.8% and 30.5% of all complications.Conclusion. Nonhemolyticand allergic reactions are the most common complications of blood components transfusion and they are more common after platelet concentrate transfusions in comparison to PRBC and FFP donations.
Endovascular treatment of renal artery occlusion caused by aortic stentgraft migration
Authors: Stanišić Michał Goran , Majewska Natalia , Romanowski Michał , Kulesza Jerzy , Juszkat Robert , Makałowski Marcin , Majewski Wacław 
Published: July 2015

AbstractRenal function impairment during interventional procedures became a real clinical problem. Contrast related nephropathy is the most common cause of renal failure, however, the procedure-related technical troubles may cause unexpected renal dysfunction.Technical failure of EVAR resulting in acute renal dysfunction is presented. The postprocedural occlusion of the right renal artery was treated in chimney technique. Early reintervention allowed the kidney preservation and renal function restoration.It is impossible to avoid all the complications following treatment of aortic aneurysm, but they can be anticipated and comprehensively treated in collaboration with other specialists.
Effect of equilibration time on Pu desorption from goethite
Authors: Wong Jennifer C. , Zavarin Mavrik , Begg James D. , Kersting Annie B. , Powell Brian A. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
It has been suggested that strongly sorbing ions such as plutonium may become irreversibly bound to mineral surfaces over time which
has implications for near- and far-field transport of Pu. Batch adsorption–desorption data were collected as a function of time and pH
to study the surface stability of Pu on goethite. Pu(IV) was adsorbed to goethite over the pH range 4.2 to 6.6 for different periods of
time (1, 6, 15, 34 and 116 d). Following adsorption, Pu was leached from the mineral surface with desferrioxamine B (DFOB),
a complexant capable of effectively competing with the goethite surface for Pu. The amount of Pu desorbed from the goethite was found
to vary as a function of the adsorption equilibration time, with less Pu removed from the goethite following longer adsorption
periods. This effect was most pronounced at low pH. Logarithmic desorption distribution ratios for each adsorption equilibration time
were fit to a pH-dependent model. Model slopes decreased between 1 and 116 d adsorption time, indicating that overall Pu(IV)
surface stability on goethite surfaces becomes less dependent on pH with greater adsorption equilibration time. The combination of
adsorption and desorption kinetic data suggest that non-redox aging processes affect Pu sorption behavior on goethite.
Public Spending and Education Attainment in the Middle East and North Africa
Authors: Iqbal Farrukh , Kiendrebeogo Youssouf 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has performed the best among all regions in improving education attainment over the past four decades (1970–2010). Using econometric analysis, we show that this was due in large part to a convergence process in which countries that had low levels of education in 1970 increased their stocks much faster than those with higher initial education. Since MENA had the second lowest education stock among all regions in 1970, it benefited substantially from convergence over the next four decades. We also show that MENA obtained a comparative edge from having had the highest rate of public spending on education among all developing country regions. Such spending, however, was of middling efficiency and did little to produce education of good quality.
Income Mobility in Costa Rica, 2001-2007
Authors: Rowe Samuel , Gindling T.H. , Trejos Juan Diego 
Published: July 2015

En este artículo se estudia la movilidad interanual o intrageneracional del ingreso en Costa<br />Rica. Para ello, se utilizan datos de panel construidos a partir de las Encuestas de Hogares<br />de Propósitos Múltiples correspondientes a los años del 2001 al 2007, que permiten darle<br />seguimiento a los mismos hogares y personas año con año. Se encontró que existe una<br />sustancial movilidad de ingresos interanual, particularmente en el segmento medio<br />de la distribución del ingreso. También se identificaron los factores que más afectan la<br />movilidad interanual del ingreso en Costa Rica. Se encontró que el ingreso per cápita es<br />condicionalmente convergente, esto es, las familias de bajos ingresos son más propensas a<br />experimentar aumentos mayores en sus ingresos que las familias de alto ingreso. Además<br />del ingreso per cápita inicial, los tres factores más importantes que explican los cambios<br />en los ingresos per cápita en Costa Rica son los siguientes, en orden de importancia: (1) cambios en la situación de empleo de los miembros del hogar; (2) cambios en el número de dependientes (niños, adultos mayores y miembros inactivos económicamente) en la familia; y (3) la educación de los miembros, particularmente la del jefe del hogar.<p> </p>
UN MODELO TEÓRICO DE REASIGNACIÓN DE RECURSOS ANTE UN SHOCK DE DEMANDA TURÍSTICA
Authors: Rojas Diego 
Published: July 2015

Este trabajo analiza la relevancia de la actividad turística y su posible impacto sobre la economía costarricense, desde un punto de vista teórico. La ausencia de estudios formales<br />cercanos a la realidad costarricense, y el uso de políticas e incentivos para la promoción del turismo hacen necesaria esta investigación.<br />Primero, se analizan los diferentes modelos que se han desarrollado en la literatura. Luego, se desarrolla el objetivo principal de esta investigación: construir un modelo que se acerca a las condiciones de la economía de Costa Rica. De forma específica, se tiene por objetivo discutir las siguientes preguntas: 1) ¿Cuál es el posible resultado sobre la producción interna, de largo plazo, de un aumento del gasto de los turistas?; 2) ¿En el largo plazo, qué sectores pueden ver aumentada su producción y que sectores pueden verla disminuida ante un aumento del gasto de los turistas? Y; 3) ¿Cuál es el comportamiento esperado de los precios relativos, de largo plazo, ante un aumento del gasto de los turistas?
DIFERENCIAS DE GÉNERO EN LA ELECCIÓN DE ESTILOS DE VIDA EN ARGENTINA
Authors: García Arancibia Rodrigo , Coronel Mariano 
Published: July 2015

Taking gender as a category of analysis, in this paper the association between lifestyles is analyzed for the Argentinean case, quantifying the revealed differences between men and women. Specifically the alcohol and tobacco consumption, dietary habits and level of physical activity are considered in the lifestyle category. A multiple correspondence analysis is performed and a log-linear model of empirical association is estimated. The<br />results show significant gender differences supporting the hypothesis that men affirm their masculinity and are legitimized as the stronger sex through unhealthy behaviors.<br /><br />
GESTIÓN DEL CONOCIMIENTO Y CAPITAL INTELECTUAL EN LA INDUSTRIA TEQUILERA DEL ESTADO DE JALISCO
Authors: Núñez Ramírez Marco Alberto 
Published: July 2015

<p>Studies show that knowledge management is associated with intellectual capital; however,<br />is not clear how this relationship occurs. The objective of this research is to know the degree of association between knowledge management and intellectual capital. We<br />obtained as empirical evidence 50 Tequila companies of the State of Jalisco, Mexico. We found positive and significant levels of correlation between the above variables; as well<br />as significant values of influence of the knowledge management on intellectual capital, through the use of control variables such as the size of the company and area of trade, through a correlational, and quantitative research with a non-experimental design, where the correlation of Pearson, multiple regression and hierarchical regression were used.</p>
Vibrant times for mechanical metamaterials
Authors: Christensen Johan , Kadic Muamer , Wegener Martin , Kraft Oliver , Wegener Martin 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMetamaterials are man-made designer matterthat obtains its unusual effective properties by structure rather than chemistry. Building upon the success of electromagnetic and acoustic metamaterials, researchers working on mechanical metamaterials strive at obtaining extraordinary or extreme elasticity tensors and mass-density tensors to thereby mold static stress fields or the flow of longitudinal/transverse elastic vibrations in unprecedented ways. In this prospective paper, we focus on recent advances and remaining challenges in this emerging field. Examples are ultralight-weight, negative mass density, negative modulus, pentamode, anisotropic mass density, Origami, nonlinear, bistable, and reprogrammable mechanical metamaterials.