bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute pain service: the journey in a developing country setting
Authors: GOVIND P. , BHAKTA P. , DUREJA G. P. , GUPTA A. , VENKATARAJU A. 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundIn India, acute pain service (APS) is in nascent stage because of lesser importance given to pain management. After establishing an APS in our hospital, we conducted a prospective audit (2008–2011) with an aim to regularly assess the efficacy of techniques on pain scores, muscle power, and adverse effects.MethodsThe audit was undertaken in three phases. An assessment of the existing system and recommendation to modify the APS was undertaken in phase I. In phase II, an APS team was constituted and audits were conducted at six monthly intervals for formation of the protocol. Subsequently in phase III, yearly audits were undertaken that led to the development of a final APS.ResultsThere was a steady increase in the number of patients availing APS in intravenous patient‐controlled analgesia (IVPCA), epidural analgesia (EA), and continuous peripheral nerve block (CPNB). At the same time, the average visual analogue score (VAS) decreased significantly as the year progressed. While the VAS score did not differ significantly between EA and CPNB, it was less compared with IVPCA. Introduction of regional analgesic techniques played a major role in improving the pain scores.ConclusionImplementation of APS resulted in reduced pain scores in our surgical patients. Proper planning, role allocation, formation, and adherence to protocols as well as undertaking regular audit resulted in improving the quality of APS.
Efficacy of transarterial embolisation in the management of post‐partum haemorrhage and its impact on subsequent pregnancies
Authors: Inoue Seiji , Masuyama Hisashi , Hiramatsu Yuji ,   Multi‐Institutional Study Group of Transarterial Embolization for Massive Obstetric Haemorrhage in Chugoku & Shikoku Area Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Published: October 2014

BackgroundTransarterial embolisation (TAE) has been attracting attention as a treatment option for post‐partum haemorrhage (PPH).AimsWe investigated cases in which TAE was performed for PPH to determine the efficacy of TAE for the treatment of PPH and its impact on subsequent pregnancies and childbirth in a multi‐institutional case‐series study.Materials and MethodsA total of 211 women who underwent emergency (n=161) or prophylactic (n=50) TAE for the management of PPH from 2002 to 2011 in the Chugoku and Shikoku regions of Japan were evaluated. Data on maternal background, treatment efficacy, adverse events in 113 cases followed up after TAE and subsequent pregnancies in 76 women were obtained.ResultsThe overall success rate of emergency and prophylactic TAE was 91.9 and 96.0%, respectively. The rate of complications such as infection, uterine necrosis and amenorrhoea was 13.3% among women followed up after TAE. Forty women became pregnant after TAE, and the pregnancy rate among those who desired fertility was 52.6%. Twenty‐eight gave birth, including four preterm deliveries. Five (16.7%) were associated with a hysterectomy due to placenta accreta.ConclusionsTo reduce haemorrhage and avoid hysterectomy, TAE may be considered as a treatment option for PPH, however short and long terms complications are not uncommon.
Prenatal and preconception population carrier screening for cystic fibrosis in Australia: Where are we up to?
Authors: Massie John , Ioannou Liane , Delatycki Martin 
Published: October 2014

AimsTo describe prenatal and preconception population carrier screening for cystic fibrosis (CF) in Australia and consider progress towards establishing a universal program.MethodMedline and Embase databases (1989–2013) were searched for all publications with Australian data. Existing programs for CF carrier screening in Australia were reviewed and professional peak body websites accessed to determine recommendations.ResultsTwenty‐two studies met the inclusion criteria. Key stakeholder groups believe that prenatal and preconception carrier screening for CF should be available. Health‐economic analyses support that CF carrier screening can be cost‐effective. There are small programs for CF carrier screening, in Victoria, New South Wales and Queensland. The Human Genetics Society of Australasia (HGSA) specifically recommend that screening be offered to women and couples planning a pregnancy and in the early stages of pregnancy. Other peak bodies indirectly endorse the availability of CF carrier screening. Barriers to screening include not being offered screening, the cost of testing, inequity of access and an incorrect perception that not having a family history of CF lowers risk.ConclusionsThere is support for prenatal and preconception CF carrier screening by the community, health professionals and peak professional bodies in Australia. The barriers to development of a national screening program could be overcome with greater physician engagement and government support.ImplicationsIn the interest of equity, government funded testing should be routinely offered to all pregnant women and couples planning a pregnancy.
Idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: retrospective analysis of 9095 patients
Authors: De Felice K. M. , Novotna M. , Enders F. T. , Faubion W. A. , Tremaine W. J. , Kantarci O. H. , Raffals L. E. 
Published: October 2014

SummaryBackgroundAnti‐TNFα biologics induce and maintain remission in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Also, they have been reported to induce or unmask idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (IIDD).AimTo determine if anti‐TNFα biologics increased the risk of IIDD in a large cohort of patients with IBD.MethodsWe retrospectively identified adult patients referred to the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN for management of IBD from a five state capture area (Minnesota, Wisconsin, North Dakota, South Dakota and Iowa) between 1996 and 2010. IIDDs were identified in both Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) patients with and without anti‐TNFα exposure using the 2010 McDonald MRI criteria. The risk of IIDDs in patients with and without anti‐TNFα exposure was estimated for IBD; CD and UC groups separately.ResultsA total of 9095 patients with IBD were identified (4342 CD and 4753 UC). Four patients with CD with exposure to anti‐TNFα agents (4/2054) and five patients with CD without anti‐TNFα exposure (5/2288) developed a confirmed IIDD. One patient with UC with exposure to anti‐TNFα agents (1/1371) and five patients with UC without anti‐TNFα agents developed a confirmed IIDD (5/3382). The per cent of IIDDs in patients with and without anti‐TNFα exposure was; IBD: 0.15% and 0.18% (RR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.28–2.42; P = 0.729); CD: 0.19% and 0.22% (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.24–3.31; P = 0.863); UC: 0.07% and 0.15% (RR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.06–4.22; P = 0.510).ConclusionAnti‐TNFα biologics do not appear to impact the risk of developing clinical idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
The Patron–Client System and Its Effect on Resources Management in Cambodia: A Case in the Tonle Sap Lake
Authors: Sithirith Mak 
Published: October 2014

This article discusses the sociopolitical context of resource management in Cambodia, focusing on the contemporary ecological conditions in Tonle Sap Lake, the largest freshwater lake in mainland Southeast Asia. It describes the resource governance system in the area that has developed through the local community's ecological knowledge, and how intervention by the state through a patron–client system has led to a conflict with it, fostering over‐exploitation of natural resources. The article argues that conflict harms the management of the lake and ultimately, the sustainability of resources in the area.graphic
A Fall From Grace? “Beef‐gate” and the Case of Indonesia's Prosperous Justice Party
Authors: Kramer Elisabeth 
Published: October 2014

This article explores the impact of a widely publicized corruption scandal upon Indonesia's most prominent Islamic Party, the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) in 2013, involving the exchange of money in return for beef‐import licenses (“Beef‐gate”). In the 2004 and 2009 elections PKS ran a populist campaign, drawing heavily upon anti‐corruption rather than Islamic issues, and became renowned for its hard‐line stance against graft. However, while PKS's reputation certainly deteriorated due to Beef‐gate, it still performed better than anticipated in the nation's legislative election held in April 2014. This article proposes two possible reasons for this: the party's grassroots membership structure provided a solid basis from which to rebuild, and the senior leadership adeptly managed its image while the scandal was in the public eye. With this effective image management, the party was able to retain the support of many of its voters, while minimizing damage to its image more broadly.Makalah ini membahas dari satu kasus yang hangat diberitakan tahun 2013 yaitu skandal korupsi yang dihadapi Partai Keadilan Sejahtera (PKS) mengenai lisensi impor daging sapi (dikenal sebagai “Beef‐gate”). Pada pemilihan umum tahun 2004 dan 2009, PKS mengambil langkah kampanye populis, dengan mengedepankan isu‐isu anti‐korupsi daripada isu‐isu Islami lainnya, dan dikenal mempunyai sikap yang sangat keras menolak korupsi. Meski reputasi PKS menurun akibat skandal impor daging sapi ini, dalam pemilihan umum bulan April 2014 PKS masih mampu meraih lebih banyak suara daripada yang diperkirakan. Makalah ini mengajukan dua alasan atas hal tersebut: struktur keanggotaan di akar rumput menyediakan dasar yang cukup kuat untuk bangkit kembali, dan pimpinan senior partai mahir menjalin citra partai di saat skandal tersebut menjadi sorotan publik. Dengan kemahiran menjalin citra partai secara efektif ini, PKS tetap mampu menahan suara dan pada saat yang sama, secara umum memperkecil dampak dari citra yang rusak itu.
Communication challenges learners face online: Why addressing CMC and language proficiency will not solve learners' problems
Authors: Jung‐Ivannikova Liubov 
Published: October 2014

AbstractComputer‐mediated communication (CMC) has been argued to cause (mis)communication issues. Research and practice suggest a range of tactics and strategies for educators focused on how to encourage and foster communication in a virtual learning environment (VLE) (eg, Salmon). However, while frameworks such as Salmon's support the effective development of online communication and collaboration between students, they are not sufficient to address intercultural issues. In this paper, research data are used to develop an argument that both native and non‐native English‐speaking students can use CMC successfully but that both groups experience challenges expressing themselves through written communication. Data collected from in‐depth interviews and discourse analysis of textual datasets reveal that students felt obliged to write in an unfamiliar way because of the asynchronous mode of communication, the presence of the tutor and the design of the VLE. Ironically, these are elements that previous studies have proposed as benefits of CMC. Additionally, while national culture was important in intercultural communication, so too were students' educational and professional cultures, which are more commonly overlooked in studies of online communication.
Newly Designed and Synthesized Curcumin Analogs with in vitro Cytotoxicity and Tubulin Polymerization Activity
Authors: Fawzy Iten M. , Youssef Khairia M. , Ismail Nasser S. M. , Gullbo Joachim , Abouzid Khaled A. M. 
Published: October 2014

Novel curcumin analogs with 4‐piperidone ring were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against five different cancer cell lines. 3,5‐bis(4‐Hydroxy‐3‐methoxybenzylidene)‐4‐oxo‐N‐phenylpiperidine‐1‐carbothioamide (XIIe) exhibited considerable cytotoxic activity with IC50 values in 1–2.5 μm range. In silico and in vitro, studies were also performed to predict the binding affinity of the target compounds to the β‐chain of tubulin receptor (PDB code 1SA1) and their abilities to affect microtubules polymerization cycle. 3,5‐bis(3‐Iodo‐5‐methoxy‐4‐propoxybenzylidene)‐N‐acetylpiperidin‐4‐one (VIIa) was found to exert 93.3% inhibition of tubulin and destabilization of microtubules in vitro compared to vincristine while, 3,5‐bis(3,4,5‐trimethoxybenzylidene)‐N‐benzoylpiperidin‐4‐one (XIIc) showed high potency in a different way where it exerted 94.8% stabilization of microtubules in vitro compared to positive control paclitaxel.
Environment‐Adaptive Contact Poses for Virtual Characters
Authors: Kang Changgu , Lee Sung‐Hee 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe present a novel method to generate a virtual character's multi‐contact poses adaptive to the various shapes of the environment. Given the user‐specified center of mass (CoM) position and direction as inputs, our method finds the potential contacts for the character in the surrounding geometry of the environment and generates a set of stable poses that are contact‐rich. Major contributions of the work are in efficiently finding admissible support points for the target environment by precomputing candidate support points from a human pose database, and in automatically generating interactive poses that can maintain stable equilibrium. We develop the concept of support complexity to scale the set of precomputed support points by the geometric complexity of the environment. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method by creating contact poses for various test cases of environments.
Editing and Synthesizing Two‐Character Motions using a Coupled Inverted Pendulum Model
Authors: Hwang J. , Suh I.H. , Kwon T. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis study aims to develop a controller for use in the online simulation of two interacting characters. This controller is capable of generalizing two sets of interaction motions of the two characters based on the relationships between the characters. The controller can exhibit similar motions to a captured human motion while reacting in a natural way to the opponent character in real time. To achieve this, we propose a new type of physical model called a coupled inverted pendulum on carts that comprises two inverted pendulum on a cart models, one for each individual, which are coupled by a relationship model. The proposed framework is divided into two steps: motion analysis and motion synthesis. Motion analysis is an offline preprocessing step, which optimizes the control parameters to move the proposed model along a motion capture trajectory of two interacting humans. The optimization procedure generates a coupled pendulum trajectory which represents the relationship between two characters for each frame, and is used as a reference in the synthesis step. In the motion synthesis step, a new coupled pendulum trajectory is planned reflecting the effects of the physical interaction, and the captured reference motions are edited based on the planned trajectory produced by the coupled pendulum trajectory generator. To validate the proposed framework, we used a motion capture data set showing two people performing kickboxing. The proposed controller is able to generalize the behaviors of two humans to different situations such as different speeds and turning speeds in a realistic way in real time.
Using physically Based Rendering to Benchmark Structured Light Scanners
Authors: Medeiros Esdras , Doraiswamy Harish , Berger Matthew , Silva Claudio T. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractStructured light scanning is ubiquituous in 3D acquisition. It is capable of capturing high geometric detail at a low cost under a variety of challenging scene conditions. Recent methods have demonstrated robustness in the presence of artifacts due to global illumination, such as inter‐reflections and sub‐surface scattering, as well as imperfections caused by projector defocus. For comparing approaches, however, the quantitative evaluation of structured lighting schemes is hindered by the challenges in obtaining ground truth data, resulting in a poor understanding for these methods across a wide range of shapes, materials, and lighting configurations. In this paper, we present a benchmark to study the performance of structured lighting algorithms in the presence of errors caused due to the above properties of the scene. In order to do this, we construct a synthetic structured lighting scanner that uses advanced physically based rendering techniques to simulate the point cloud acquisition process. We show that, under conditions similar to that of a real scanner, our synthetic scanner replicates the same artifacts found in the output of a real scanner. Using this synthetic scanner, we perform a quantitative evaluation of four different structured lighting techniques – gray‐code patterns, micro‐phase shifting, ensemble codes, and unstructured light scanning. The evaluation, performed on a variety of scenes, demonstrate that no one method is capable of adequately handling all sources of error – each method is appropriate for addressing distinct sources of error.
Interactive Image‐Guided Modeling of Extruded Shapes
Authors: Cao Yan‐Pei , Ju Tao , Fu Zhao , Hu Shi‐Min 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA recent trend in interactive modeling of 3D shapes from a single image is designing minimal interfaces, and accompanying algorithms, for modeling a specific class of objects. Expanding upon the range of shapes that existing minimal interfaces can model, we present an interactive image‐guided tool for modeling shapes made up of extruded parts. An extruded part is represented by extruding a closed planar curve, called base, in the direction orthogonal to the base. To model each extruded part, the user only needs to sketch the projected base shape in the image. The main technical contribution is a novel optimization‐based approach for recovering the 3D normal of the base of an extruded object by exploring both geometric regularity of the sketched curve and image contents. We developed a convenient interface for modeling multi‐part shapes and a method for optimizing the relative placement of the parts. Our tool is validated using synthetic data and tested on real‐world images.
Anisotropic geodesics for live‐wire mesh segmentation
Authors: Zhuang Yixin , Zou Ming , Carr Nathan , Ju Tao 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe present an interactive method for mesh segmentation that is inspired by the classical live‐wire interaction for image segmentation. The core contribution of the work is the definition and computation of wires on surfaces that are likely to lie at segment boundaries. We define wires as geodesics in a new tensor‐based anisotropic metric, which improves upon previous metrics in stability and feature‐awareness. We further introduce a simple but effective mesh embedding approach that allows geodesic paths in an anisotropic path to be computed efficiently using existing algorithms designed for Euclidean geodesics. Our tool is particularly suited for delineating segmentation boundaries that are aligned with features or curvature directions, and we demonstrate its use in creating artist‐guided segmentations.
Multiple Shape Correspondence by Dynamic Programming
Authors: Sahillioğlu Y. , Yemez Y. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe present a multiple shape correspondence method based on dynamic programming, that computes consistent bijective maps between all shape pairs in a given collection of initially unmatched shapes. As a fundamental distinction from previous work, our method aims to explicitly minimize the overall distortion, i.e., the average isometric distortion of the resulting maps over all shape pairs. We cast the problem as optimal path finding on a graph structure where vertices are maps between shape extremities. We exploit as much context information as possible using a dynamic programming based algorithm to approximate the optimal solution. Our method generates coarse multiple correspondences between shape extremities, as well as denser correspondences as by‐product. We assess the performance on various mesh sequences of (nearly) isometric shapes. Our experiments show that, for isometric shape collections with non‐uniform triangulation and noise, our method can compute relatively dense correspondences reasonably fast and outperform state of the art in terms of accuracy.
Structure Aware Visual Cryptography
Authors: Liu Bin , Martin Ralph R. , Huang Ji‐Wu , Hu Shi‐Min 
Published: October 2014

AbstractVisual cryptography is an encryption technique that hides a secret image by distributing it between some shared images made up of seemingly random black‐and‐white pixels. Extended visual cryptography (EVC) goes further in that the shared images instead represent meaningful binary pictures. The original approach to EVC suffered from low contrast, so later papers considered how to improve the visual quality of the results by enhancing contrast of the shared images. This work further improves the appearance of the shared images by preserving edge structures within them using a framework of dithering followed by a detail recovery operation. We are also careful to suppress noise in smooth areas.
Advanced Hybrid Particle‐Grid Method with Sub‐Grid Particle Correction
Authors: Um Kiwon , Baek Seungho , Han JungHyun 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel hybrid particle‐grid approach to liquid simulation, which uses the fluid‐implicit‐particle (FLIP) method to resolve the liquid motion and a grid‐based particle correction method to complement FLIP. The correction process addresses the high‐frequency errors in FLIP ensuring that the particles are properly distributed. The proposed approach enables the corrective procedure to avoid directly processing the particle relationships and supports flexible corrective forces. The proposed technique effectively and efficiently improves the distribution of the particles and therefore enhances the overall simulation quality. The experimental results confirm that the technique is able to conserve the liquid volume and to produce dynamic surface motions, thin liquid sheets, and smooth surfaces without disturbing artifacts such as bumpy noise.
Learning Natural Colors for Image Recoloring
Authors: Huang H.‐Z. , Zhang S.‐H. , Martin R. R. , Hu S.‐M. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe present a data‐driven method for automatically recoloring a photo to enhance its appearance or change a viewer's emotional response to it. A compact representation called a RegionNet summarizes color and geometric features of image regions, and geometric relationships between them. Correlations between color property distributions and geometric features of regions are learned from a database of well‐colored photos. A probabilistic factor graph model is used to summarize distributions of color properties and generate an overall probability distribution for color suggestions. Given a new input image, we can generate multiple recolored results which unlike previous automatic results, are both natural and artistic, and compatible with their spatial arrangements.