bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neutrophil single-cell analysis identifies a uniquely primed subset and provides insights into predicting relapse of autoimmune small vessel vasculitis
Authors: Nishide Masayuki , Nishimura Kei , Matsushita Hiroaki , Kawada Shoji , Shimagami Hiroshi , Metsugi Shoichi , Kato Yasuhiro , Kawasaki Takahiro , Tsujimoto Kohei , Edahiro Ryuya , Shirai Yuya , Itotagawa Eri , Naito Maiko , Yamamoto Yuji , Matsukawa Kazuki , Omiya Ryusuke , Okada Yukinori , Hattori Kunihiro , Narazaki Masashi , Kumanogoh Atushi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Single cell analysis in autoimmune disease has largely focused on mononuclear cells and diseased tissues, leaving the diversity of neutrophils poorly understood. To identify the dynamics of neutrophil autoimmunity, we focus on an autoimmune disease characterized by abnormal neutrophil activation, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis. Single-cell transcriptome and surface proteome analyses are performed on 179,664 peripheral white blood cells from treatment-naïve patients with new-onset microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and healthy donors. Neutrophils are classified into seven subsets, two of which are significantly increased in MPA patients: immature neutrophils (Neu_Immature) and neutrophils characterized by type II interferon signature genes (Neu_T2ISG). The Neu_T2ISG subset shows increased expression of interferon (IFN)-γ response genes, many of which are identified as differentially expressed genes in neutrophils from MPA patients compared to those from healthy donors. Trajectory and cell–cell interaction analyses identify Neu_T2ISG as a uniquely primed subset that differentiates from mature neutrophils upon stimulation with IFN-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. The combined effect of these cytokines simultaneously exposes myeloperoxidase and Fcγ receptors on the neutrophil cell surface and promotes ANCA–induced neutrophil extracellular trap formation. Case-by-case analysis indicates that patients with a high proportion of the Neu_T2ISG subset are associated with persistent vasculitis symptoms. In a larger cohort using stored sera, serum IFN-γ levels at disease onset significantly correlate with susceptibility to disease relapse. Our findings identify neutrophil diversity at the single cell level and bridge the data to a clinically applicable biomarker for predicting relapse in small vessel vasculitis.
Rezivertinib versus Gefitinib as First-line Therapy for EGFR-mutated Locally Advanced or Metastatic NSCLC Patients (REZOR): A Multicenter, Double-blinded, Randomized Phase 3 Study
Authors: Shi Yuankai , Guo Yanzhen , Li Xingya , Wu Lin , Chen Zhaohong , Yang Sheng , Bi Minghong , Zhao Yanqiu , Yao Wenxiu , Yu Huiqing , Wang Ke , Zhao Wenhua , Sun Meili , Zhang Liangming , He Zhiyong , Lin Yingcheng , Shi Jianhua , Zhu Bo , Wang Lijun , Pan Yueyin , Shi Huaqiu , Sun Shenghua , Wen Meiling , Zhou Rui , Guo Shuliang , Han Zhigang , Yi Tienan , Zhang Hua , Cang Shundong , Yu Zhuang , Zhong Diansheng , Cui Jiuwei , Fang Jian , Gao Jinghua , Li Manxiang , Ma Rui , Jiang Mingyan , Qin Jianwen , Shu Yongqian , Ye Feng , Hu Sheng , Li Wen , Lu Hong , Yang Minglei , Yi Shanyong , Zhang Yan , Fan Yun , Ji Hongbo , Liu Zheng , Wang Haitao , Zhou Xiangdong , Zhang Don , Peng Jirong , Shen Haijiao , Gao Feng , Wang Tingting , Zhou Anqi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

REZOR is a multicenter, double-blinded, randomized phase 3 study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of rezivertinib (BPI-7711) and gefitinib as first-line therapies in patients with EGFR mutated locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The study included eligible patients from 50 hospitals across China. Those who had been histologically or cytologically confirmed NSCLC with EGFR exon 19 deletion or exon 21 L858R mutation by central laboratory were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive once daily either rezivertinib 180 mg or gefitinib 250 mg. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) evaluated by blinded independent central review (BICR), which was significantly superior in the rezivertinib group than the gefitinib group (19.3 versus 9.6 months, HR = 0.48, P <��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������
Analysis of factors influencing the prognosis of thrombolysis patients with acute cerebral infarction in advanced age
Authors: 杨 国正 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prognosis of patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) thrombolysis in advanced age and its influencing factors.
METHODS: Information about patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) in the Department of Neurology of Jiangsu Province Subei People's Hospital from August 2018 to July 2023 was retrospectively analyzed, and patients' baseline data were collected.1) They were grouped according to the 3-month mRS scores and divided into good prognosis (n=67) and poor prognosis groups (n=98). Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting patients with acute cerebral infarction at advanced age. (ii) The advanced age thrombolysis group was divided into good prognosis (n=41) and poor prognosis group (n=44). Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the senior acute cerebral infarction thrombolysis patients. (iii) The patients with poor prognosis were divided into thrombolysis group (n=44) and non-thrombolysis group (n=54) to explore the differences between them.
RESULTS: NIHSS score, age, urea nitrogen, and diabetes mellitus were the influencing factors for the prognosis of patients with thrombolysis for cerebral infarction in advanced age.
CONCLUSION: More attention should be paid to NIHSS score, age, urea nitrogen level, and the presence of diabetes mellitus in patients with acute cerebral infarction thrombolysis in the advanced age with a view to improving the patients' prognosis.
Hydrogeochemical Fingerprints of Groundwater in Crystallizine Terrain of South-Western Nigeria
Authors: Afolabi Olubukola 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

A total of 63 representative water samples were collected from 50 hand-dug wells and 13 boreholes in the study area from December to January before the onset of rainy season. Two sets of samples were collected from every location; a set of the samples was acidified with two drops of nitric acid (10% by volume) for cations determination while the other was not acidified. Physico-chemical parameters (temperature, total dissolved solutes, electrical conductivity and pH) of the water samples were determined in-situ using a multimeter-probe. The water samples were analyzed for cations and anions using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, Flame Photometry Emission and titrimetric methods. Results obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics, standard hydrochemical plots and irrigation indices. The results showed that physical stable parameters such as TDS ranged from 301.00-1753.00 mg/l, EC76.00-998.00µS/cm, Temperature 28.50–31.10°C and pH 5.60–10.00; The concentration of ions (mg/l) such as Na+ ranged from 2.60–22.50, K+, 2.50–16.30, Ca2+ 5.30–18.50, Mg2+, 1.28–34.70, SO42−, 7.10–25.70, HCO3−, 15.30-192.50, Cl−, 18.20-102.80 and NO3−, 0.00-5.60. The physico-chemical parameters revealed that the water samples are suitable for domestic usage with little exception of a few locations with high Mg. The dominant water types in the study area were calcium-chloride-type and mixed calcium-magnesium-chloride-type. The controlling mechanisms and processes of the groundwater were largely dominated by rock-water interactions (weathering) and reverse ion exchange. The geochemical signatures of the water showed that the water was under the influence of organic matter and CO2, and that the water was rich in Mg2+ but depleted in Na+.
The Impact of Governance and Economic Factors on Biocracy in the Committed Countries in COP28
Authors: Ronaghi Marzieh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Biocracy refers to a system of governance and decision-making that prioritizes the well-being and health of living systems, including ecosystems, species, and human communities. Biocracy promotes holistic, participatory, and adaptive management, integrating science, traditional knowledge, and collective decision-making. The goal is to cultivate a mutually enriching relationship between humans and the natural world. As a result, all human actions have an impact on Biocracy. This study covers annual data from 2010 to 2022 for a group of member countries of the COP28 with the percentage of emissions reduction needed to meet the 1.5 degree Celsius target by 2030 , among current top emitters and employs the Tobit Panel model with a limited dependent variable (LDV). The primary economic variables that substantially influence Biocracy are GDP growth, foreign investment, inflation rate, employment, and trade-related variables (exports and imports) and governance. The results indicate that the governance index and imports variable have the most significant positive effect on Biocracy and the elasticity of governance has the largest impact on Biocracy among all the variables studied. The study's objective is to identify strategies to enhance Biocracy without hindering economic growth, with an emphasis on the role of good governance.
JEL Classification: C21 · F30 · F43 · G10
Investigating barriers and enablers to the routine provision of HIV PrEP in community pharmacies in London
Authors: Alter Marsha , lakhani Shivali , Alaa Aos , Karki Manisha , Riboli-Sasco Eva , El-Osta Austen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The UK's integration of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) into community pharmacies presents a promising avenue for enhancing HIV prevention. Despite its effectiveness, PrEP's accessibility remains hindered by various barriers within community settings. In this study, we aimed to explore the perspectives of pharmacy team members regarding the barriers and facilitators to the routine provision of HIV PrEP in UK community pharmacies, as well as their recommendations to mitigating these challenges.
Methods
A mixed-method study utilising an online survey and semi-structured interviews with community pharmacists and non-pharmacist team members across the UK.
A convenience sample of 110 pharmacy team members participated in the study, including both pharmacists and non-pharmacist. Two pharmacy technicians and eight pharmacists took part in semi-structured interviews.
Data collection involved a cross-sectional online survey and semi-structured interviews. The survey assessed demographic characteristics, knowledge and attitudes towards PrEP provision, while interviews explored in-depth perceptions, experiences and recommendations.
Results
A significant proportion of respondents expressed a lack of confidence and knowledge regarding PrEP, with training identified as a critical need for facilitating PrEP provision. Additionally, the study highlighted the potential of community pharmacies to increase PrEP accessibility due to their geographical reach and the trust placed in pharmacists.
Conclusion
The study highlights the necessity for targeted training programs and public health campaigns to equip community pharmacies for effective PrEP provision. Enhancing pharmacists' competencies and public awareness could significantly impact HIV prevention strategies in the UK.
Efficacy and safety of classical herbal formula Xiao-Yao-San in depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Ya-Ting , Wang Xiao-Le , Zhang Yi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Xiao-Yao-San (XYS), also Hsiao-Yao-San, a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been widely demonstrated to relieve depression effectively in clinical trials. However, the results aren’t conclusive. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of XYS for depression in clinical randomized controlled trials, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods
We searched for the available electronic databases before October 2022. We also performed the quality assessment, data extraction, and analysis of the trials that were included using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Twenty-eight randomized trials with 2256 patients met the inclusion criteria and entered the final systematic review.
Results
The meta-analysis results showed that: 1). Compared with antidepressants, XYS had a better efficiency in improving clinical comprehensive effect while having similar efficiency with antidepressants in reducing Hamilton Depression Scale scores. Besides, XYS had fewer adverse events than antidepressants; 2) Compared with antidepressants, XYS plus antidepressants can significantly improve the clinical comprehensive effect, decrease Hamilton Depression Scale scores, Clinical General Impression Scale scores, and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale scores with fewer side effects.
Conclusion
XYS may efficiently treat depression alone or combined with antidepressants, and it is also safer than most antidepressants. However, there were still some limitations in the meta-analysis due to low methodological quality; thus, more long-term, randomized, and double-blinded clinical trials are needed in the future.
Understanding Cryptocurrency Market Dynamics: An Efficiency Perspective
Authors: Hong  , Jinyao  
Published: June 2024

Abstract

One of the main problems facing the world community is the question of how effective this currency is and if its use is appropriate and lawful, as well as the question of how well Bitcoin fits into the hypothesis of market efficiency. This article discusses the main aspects of Bitcoin cryptocurrency use, as well as its existence and use within the framework of the hypothesis of market efficiency. In order to determine the relationship between Bitcoin and Ethercoin, the stationarity of the variables was tested with classical unit root tests (ADF, PP) and structural break unit root tests (Lee & Strazicich). Although the variables were integrated to the same degree, there was no long-term relationship between them according to the Hatami-J (2008) cointegration test and market was determined that active in strong form (Guliyev, 2022). The shortrun asymmetric causality relationship between Bitcoin and Ethercoin the was revealed by Hatemi-J (2012) test. In addition, as part of the article, a large-scale study of domestic and foreign scientific literature on this problem was carried out.
Relación entre concepciones de educación inclusiva y acciones que inciden en la convivencia escolar
Authors: Trujillo Tabares Víctor Daniel , Palacio Peralta Nilva Rosa 
Published: June 2024

Este artículo muestra los resultados de una investigación realizada con agentes educativos como sujetos políticos, de una institución educativa del municipio de Turbo, donde se tuvo como objetivo develar la relación entre las concepciones de educación inclusiva y las acciones que inciden en la convivencia escolar, a partir del paradigma cualitativo, enfoque crítico social, método de Investigación Acción Pedagógica y se destaca entre las conclusiones, cómo la educación inclusiva y la convivencia escolar son procesos interrelacionados, que pueden lograrse desde el reconocimiento, respeto y valoración de la diversidad como condición inherente a la humanidad.
Assessment of the presence of Vibrio cholera and detection of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae in river sources within the Vhembe District Municipality Limpopo province of South Africa
Authors: Kachienga Leonard , Prosperit Mafunise , Traore Afsatou Ndama , Potgieter Natasha 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Most rivers in South Africa, particularly in rural areas, are contaminated and serve as a breeding ground for potential disease-causing microorganisms such as Vibrio cholera. Contaminated river sources could endanger the health of those communities that rely on them for domestic, agricultural, and recreational purposes. The aim of the study was to examine the presence of V. cholera and toxigenic V. cholera water samples from river sources collected in the Vhembe Municipal District during a three-month period. Physicochemical parameters, culture dependent and molecular techniques were used to identify V. cholerae in the samples. Majority of the physiochemical parameters were within the acceptable limit with exception of electrical conductivity readings in the Mvudi, Livuvhu, Dzindi, Nzhelele, Mutale, Shingwedzi, Tshinane and Nwedi rivers which were above the acceptable standard limit of 0–70 μS/cm. Most of the river samples tested positive for the presence of V. cholera, particularly on the downstream samples. Toxigenic V. cholerae was detected in four of the 12 samples that originally tested positive for V. cholera. The study revealed poor water quality and significant health concerns to consumers, emphasizing the importance of implementing river basin management measures to ensure the long-term sustainability of these rivers.
Exploring Psychosocial Distress in Cancer Patients and Survivors: A Quick Overview
Authors: Shivappa Pooja , Bernhardt Grisilda Vidya , Gatti Priya , Radhakrishnan Vijay 
Published: June 2024

:
Cancer remains one of the most prevalent diseases, with a high mortality rate, despite advancements in technology and science. Patients diagnosed
with cancer typically undergo a traumatic experience, enduring both mental anguish and physical exhaustion. Psychosocial distress is common
among cancer patients and can have a detrimental effect on their overall quality of life. Therefore, it is crucial for oncology healthcare
professionals to promptly evaluate psychosocial distress in cancer patients to improve their care and well-being. This review provides a concise
overview of the extensive literature on the epidemiology of various psychosocial disorders affecting cancer patients, including associated distress
and burdens, encountered challenges, pain symptoms, and potential evidence-based interventions or mandates in cancer care. Enhancing patientdoctor
communication and providing individualized care to the body and mind are necessary.
Europinidin Attenuates Methamphetamine-induced Learning and Memory Impairments and Hippocampal Alterations in Rodents: Based on Molecular Docking through a Mechanism of Neuromodulatory Cytokines/ Caspases-3/ CREB/BDNF Pathway
Authors: Sheikh Ryan A. , Afzal Muhammad , Al-Abbasi Fahad A. , Bukhari Hussam A. , Almalki Naif A. R. , Alqurashi May M. , Imam Faisal , Sayyed Nadeem , Kazmi Imran 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Methamphetamine (MA) is well recognized as a psychostimulant
that can cause neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration, which is associated with cognitive
decline, has been confirmed experimentally.

Objective:
The research aimed to investigate the neuroprotective properties of europinidin
(Eu) in rodents affected by methamphetamine (MA)-induced cognitive impairments
and hippocampal alterations. This was achieved by inhibiting lipid peroxidation
and pro-inflammatory markers.

Methods:
Rats were exposed to cognitive impairment produced by MA. The Morris water
maze (MWM) is utilized for evaluating behavioral parameters. Tests were conducted
on malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), interleukins-1β (IL-1β), reduced glutathione
(GSH), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the
expression of neurotransmitters (Norepinephrine [NE], dopamine [DA], glutamate, and
gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA]) as well as cAMP response element-binding protein
(CREB), IL-6, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and caspase 3 proteins. An investigation
was carried out using docking methodology to ascertain whether Eu interacts
with relevant molecular targets.

Results:
Significant decline in the transfer latency and there were significant changes in
the amount of SOD, GSH, CAT, and MDA and alterations in levels of IL-6, IL-1β,
CREB, TNF-α, BDNF, and Caspase 3 proteins expression, as well as considerably alterations
in level of neurotransmitters (NE, DA, Glutamate, and GABA) were observed in
the Eu-treated rats compared to the MA-induced rats. Eu had a favorable affinity towards
BDNF with docking scores of -9.486 kcal/mol.

Conclusion:
The experiment found that administering Eu to rats improved cognitive
abilities by changing antioxidant enzymes, reducing cytokines, and modifying neurotransmitter
levels, compared to rats in the control group treated with MA.
The Relationship between Dietary Habits and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Ou Haiya , Huang Hongshu , Ye Xiaopeng , Lin Haixiong , Wang Xiaotong 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
This study aimed to explore the potential causal relationship between
dietary habits and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD).

Methods:
Using the inverse-variance weighted method, a two-sample Mendelian randomization
(MR) analysis was performed to investigate the causal relationship between
22 dietary habits and GERD. The stability and reliability of the results were assessed using
leave-one-out analysis, heterogeneity tests, and tests for horizontal pleiotropy based
on the effect measure odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results:
The results of the MR analysis indicated a positive association between alcohol
drinking (OR=1.472; 95% CI, 1.331 to 1.629; p<1.0×10-3) and salt added to food
(OR=1.270; 95% CI, 1.117 to 1.443; p<1.0×10-3) with the risk of GERD. Conversely,
bread intake (OR=0.613; 95% CI, 0.477 to 0.790; p<1.0×10-3), cereal intake (OR=0.613;
95% CI, 0.391 to 0.677; p<1.0×10-3), cheese intake (OR=0.709; 95% CI, 0.593 to 0.846;
p<1.0×10-3), dried fruit intake (OR=0.535; 95% CI, 0.404 to 0.709; p<1.0×10-3), fresh
fruit intake (OR=0.415; 95% CI, 0.278 to 0.619; p<1.0×10-3), and oily fish intake
(OR=0.746; 95% CI, 0.633 to 0.879; p<1.0×10-3) were negatively associated with the
risk of GERD. Sensitivity analysis showed no evidence of reverse causation, pleiotropy,
or heterogeneity.

Conclusion:
Alcohol and salt added to food raised GERD risk, while bread intake, cereal
intake, cheese intake, intake of certain dried fruits and certain fresh fruits, and oily
fish lowered it. Our study affirms the potential causal link between these diets and
GERD, offering insights into targeted prevention strategies.