bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leadership in the Innovative Organization
Authors: Loveridge Ray 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
In the context of the increasing globalisation of value chains the management of both manufacturing and service firms find themselves faced by contradictory pressures to reduce costs whilst at the same time engaging with customers and suppliers in product improvement and innovation. For advocates of lean production methods the answer is often to be found in a check-list approach to rationalising the present modes of value creation within any organization. Much can be gained by combining such approaches with modes of continuous improvement or kaizen. As Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995) have brilliantly illustrated, the most successful of Japanese firms have achieved their ability to adapt and to innovate through the uses of internal and external appropriation of tacit knowledge. For these authors this implied not only a 'bottom-up' structure of formal organization but also a means of listening and translating experiential knowledge into codifiable product and process designs. In the Japanese context this was seen as being brought about by the day-to-day integration of group decision making into operational management as well as the use of special project teams. The application of the methods has proved much more problematic for Western managers, although Japanese transplants have been relatively successful in the same Western context. In this paper I suggest that leadership styles and the formal organization of knowledge creation have to be seen as being congruent both in their aims and in the manner in which they are operationalised. Managers have also to begin by recognising the basis for the psychological contract held with outside customers, suppliers and other organizational members. Quality, especially in service fields, is often in the eye of the beholder!
Appraisal of Innovation Knowledge
Authors: Soliman Fawzy 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The transformation into a full fledge innovative firm requires the firms to embrace, the concept of learning organisation. Transformation should be based on the premise that the foundation of good innovation is good knowledge. Furthermore, it is widely accepted that knowledge is a key component of the concept of learning organisation. Knowledge transfer which central to the innovation chain should be based on good knowledge which has been by appropriate method for measurement of knowledge. It is shown in this paper that assessment of knowledge should result in a better management of innovation. The paper proposes that good innovation strategies are always based on good knowledge and that in order to differentiate between which knowledge is good and which is useful or applicable for innovation, then knowledge must be first evaluated or assessed using an appropriate assessment method. The paper also shows that a method for assessing the attributes of knowledge should encompass nine important characteristics of knowledge.
Large Scale Construction Project Innovative Management Through 5-S
Authors: Hashim Hj. Abdul Ghani Mohd. , Ahmad Dato' Hj. Abdul Rahim Bin , Mat Dato' Hj. Abdullah bin Che , Chik Ir. Abdullah 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
It has been well-recognised that Japanese construction firms are good in safety, hygiene, quality, productivity and image. Over the last century, the Japanese have formalised the technique and name it as '5S' Practice. Through his research in Japan in 1988, the author has re-define the name as '5-S' and developed the world's first 5-S Audit Checklist. Since 1993, he used an innovative 5-S Checklist developed at SIRIM for training and consultancy in no less than 20 countries with over 100,000 persons from around 8,000 organisations world-wide. The objective of this paper is to explain the intricacy of the 5-S so that it can be understood easily and adopted readily by those who may find the tool useful. Some experience will also be shared in this article. It is hoped that this article can arouse the interest of the construction industry in Malaysia to take up this important and effective tool for quality improvement.
What are Languages? A Biolinguistic Perspective
Authors: Mendívil-Giró José-Luis 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe goal of the present contribution is to explore what kinds of objects languages are from a biolinguistic point of view. I define the biolinguistic point of view as a naturalistic study of languages and I show that from this point of view, languages are human language organs, that is, they are natural objects. However, languages change over time; therefore, they are also historically modified objects. Considering that natural organisms are historically modified natural objects, I look for inspiration in evolutionary theory to better specify what kinds of objects languages are and how they change and diversify. I conclude that every language is a ‘unique evolutionary history’ within a restricted space of design. This conclusion means that although the structure of languages reveals aspects of formal elegance and aspects of functional efficiency, there are no arguments to state that these aspects are manifested more or less intensely in some languages than in others. Then their formal and functional aspects are part of what is common to all languages, while variable parts of language are a reflection of the essentially historical nature of the lexical interface between the components of our language organs.
Soap Films as 1D waveguides
Authors: Emile Olivier , Emile Janine 
Published: November 2014

AbstractLaser light is injected in a free standing horizontal draining soap film through the glass frame sustaining the film. Two propagation regimes are clearly identified depending on the film thickness. At the beginning of the drainage, the soap film behaves as a multimode-one dimensional optofiuidic waveguide. In particular, we observe that the injected light creates a bottleneck in the film and part of the injected light is refracted leading to whiskers. At the end of the drainage where the film thickness is below 1μm, there is a strong selection among the various possible optical modes in the film, and part of the light is defiected. This leads to a self selection of the mode propagation inside the film.
Aquatic Heteroptera of Great Rivers of the Ukrainian Steppe Zone and Seasonal Changes of Abundance and Biomass
Authors: Grandova M. A. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Aquatic Heteroptera of Great Rivers of the Ukrainian Steppe Zone and Seasonal Changes of Abundance and Biomass. Grandova, M. A. - Aquatic Heteroptera are one of the important components of water biocoenoses. During the study of the great rivers of the Ukrainian continental steppe zone 34 species were found, among them Sigara mayri (Fieber, 1860), a new species for Ukraine. Cymatia bonsdorffi i (C. R. Sahlberg, 1819) and Hydrometra stagnorum (Linnaeus, 1758) are recorded in the Ukrainian continental steppe zone for the first time. During the whole year the aquatic Heteroptera taxocenoses of all the concerned objects create the indivisible complex, which basis is formed by inhabitants of inundated reservoirs. Th e highest abundance is observed in the reed bed lakes in the middle of July, aft er the hatching of the second generation nymphs of the polyvoltine species, the maximum of biomass is observed in October in the reed bed lakes, where Nepomorpha gather for overwintering.
Le magnétisme des céramiques anciennes
Authors: Bouchez R. , Coey J. Michael D. , Cornu Aymé , Deshayes J. , Ladrière J. , Coussement Romain 
Published: November 2014

Des fours et foyers de potiers de l'Iran ancien ont pu acre caractérisés par le magnétisme de la poterie qu'ils ont produite : les mesures magnétiques et les spectres Hossbauer des tessons étudiés ont été comparés avec ceux d'une terre à poterie de référence, cuite dans différentes conditions. Ont ainsi été caractérisés :
- des fours oxydants, à haute température !100aC, produisant une céramique jaune clair de tradition obsidienne,
- des fours réducteurs, à température moyenne 950°C, produisant une céramique gris clair du type Tepe Hissar II et III,
- des fours réducteurs à basse température 750°C, produisant une céramique gris noir du type Tureng Tepe II et III,
- des foyers néolithiques, à atmosphère mixte et à température inférieure à 950°C, produisant une céramique rouge du type Tureng Tepe II ou Tepe Hissar II.
Some ²³⁰Th /²³⁴U Dates on detrital travertines from Petralona Cave, Greece
Authors: Liritzis Ioannis 
Published: November 2014

La méthode de datation Th-23O/U-234 a été appliquée pour dater les travertines de la grotte Petralora, Grèce ; un site avec beaucoup de signification archéologique.
Ces travertines ont couvert un ensemble d'os et d'outils humains qui ont été associés à une occupation antérieure de la grotte. Les âges présentés ici, sont rangés d'environ 70 000 ans à plus de 350 000 ans (B.P.).
A cause de l'état de conservation des matériaux, les méthodes possibles de correction ont été appliquées.
Priorité est donnée à l'interprétation des résultats en tenant compte de leurs âges corrigés et de leurs implications paléoclimatologiques et archéologiques.
Le paysage, objet de l'archéologique
Authors: Chouquer G. , Favory F. 
Published: November 2014

What are the limits of the field of investigation of the archaeologists ? The reply is at two levels. At the level of finalities : at present one condemns punctual excavations if these don't integrate themselves in a more general problematic. Thus, one attends the definition of research programs. To establish this problematic (i.e. to replace the finds and the sites in their geographical space of 'the moment) today one resorts essentially to rapid methods of investigation : photo-interpretation, air-photography, teledectection, geophysical prospection. But this appeal to modern means of inquest, this generalisation of surveys, have made people aware, late in France, earlier elsewhere, that the present landscape was in fact the object of archaeology, and not only this or that fossil landscape miraculously preserved.
At the level of the instruments of research : a landscape archaeology (or rather of the strata of the landsca- pe) needs new methods : constitution of records by comparative series of a same object ; constitution of typologies of forms, etc... One can consider that this work is outlined for the gallo-roman villa. But important gaps subsist. An archaeology of the strata of the landscape requires means of analysis relatively sophisticated, capable of refining the reading of the object or os its images. The treatment of images, henceforth in tune, should permit an adequate exploitation of documents. One should favour exhaustive enquiries ; for instance, the survey of all gallo-roman centuriations, the survey of fossil traces of pre- or protohisto- ric divisions of the land, the survey of medieval clearings and of the new lanscapes of rural medieval colonisation (with as a consequence the inventary of new towns), the survey of the anomalies of the land divisions in towns. At last one should think about the cartographix conception one intends to propone. The realization of dense regional atlases (such as Picardy) or of thematical atlases (such as the project of an atlas on centuriations) seems preferable to the making up of traditional maps (such as the French Historical Atlas in course).
Essai de description formelle sur les épées hallstattiennes de l'Est de la France. Approche d'une méthode de gestion de l'information archéologique
Authors: Vuaillat Dominique , Lambert G. 
Published: November 2014

To study swords of the Hallstatt period in eastern France, the authors of this paper have elaborated a system of qualitative and quantitative description. They recapitulate current terminology and propose some slight changes in order to systematize the information gathering process.
Information concerning the archaeological context of the artefacts is recorded and up-dated in computer files at Neuchâtel (Switzerland) and Besançon (France). In this work the emphasis is put on the use of the machine as a rational model for the organization of the different data. The final processing of this data, and that of certain measurements taken on the artefact itself, is obtained by the application of existing,, proven statistical methods.
Détermination de l'épaisseur de la couche enrichie en argent sur les monnaies par des méthodes nucléaires d'analyses non destructives
Authors: Batsutcu M. , Barrandon J.N. 
Published: November 2014

Le problème de l'enrichissement superficiel en argent dans le cas des monnaies en alliage binaire argent-cuivre est bien connu. Néanmoins, la mesure non destructive de ce phénomène est très difficile. Nous présentons une méthode de calcul qui permet, à partir des résultats obtenus par trois méthodes nucléaires d'analyse non destructives, de déterminer l'épaisseur de cette couche enrichie.
Par ailleurs, nous donnons une méthode simple et non destructive de la détermination de l'épaisseur de la feuille d'argent qui entoure les monnaies fourrées.
Datation par spectrométrie RPE d'émail dentaire fossile dans le domaine de 50 000 ans à plusieurs millions d'années
Authors: Bouchez R. , Lopez-Carranza E. , Ma Jean-Luc , Amosse J. , Piboule M. , Cornu Aymé , Diebolt J. , Galland D. , Rey P. , Lumley H. de , Ramirez Pareja J. A. , Guérin Claude 
Published: November 2014

Une nouvelle méthode de datation par résonance paramagnétique électronique (RPE) a été développée. Elle utilise l'émail dentaire de mammifères fossiles ; un échantillon de A> 10 mg suffit, et il peut être prélevé sur une couche d'émail aussi faible que A/ 0,5 mm d'épaisseur. Cette méthode a été appliquée dans le domaine de 400 ka à 2 Ma, mais semble pouvoir l'être depuis *\t 50 ka jusqu'au moins 10 Ma.
Une première application en a été faite par la méthode comparative : la densité (nombre par gramme) des centres paramagnétiques ('spins') créés sous irradiation naturelle dans l'émail fossile a été mesurée par comparaison avec des fossiles d'âge connu ; la dose annuelle d'irradiation naturelle a été calculée à partir de la teneur en U, TH, K dans l'émail, la dentine sous-jacente et le sol environnant. Ainsi, l'émail du mastodonte des Andes, CUVIERONIUS hyodon (Ayusbamba, Pérou), comparé par RPE à celui de CERVUS philisi (Saint-Vallier, France) d'âge probable A/ 1,9 Ma, a permis d'obtenir un âge de 1,3 Ma (15 °/o) ; alors que l'arrivée des mastodontes, depuis l'Amérique du Nord, est actuellement située au début du Pleistocène. d'obtenir un âge de 1,3 Ma (15 °/o) ; alors que l'arrivée des mastodontes, depuis l'Amérique du Nord, est actuellement située au début du Pleistocene.
Télédétection et archéologie à échelle régionale : une opération sur les données Landsat
Authors: Poncet Yveline 
Published: November 2014

The Landsat Data were used within the framework of interdisciplinary researchs or archeological relevance which were carried out in the Agadez area (Republic of Niger) in a saharo-sahelian environment.
The matter was the study of huge territories uncovered by detailed thematic cartographies and where scouring the area poses important logistic problems.
So the pictures from the Landsat satellite were used to gather the necessary information on the natural environments, and to reach two objectives : preparing the archeological prospecting on the ground, studying the actual environments, and to reach two objectives : preparing the archeological prospecting on the ground, studying the actual environments and piecing together the elements of the ancient environment due to a more humid climate which has witnessed the establishment in the Agadez area of numerous anc varied human societies.
Analyse globale et non destructive des objets archéologiques cuivreux par activation avec des neutrons rapides de cyclotron
Authors: Beauchesne F. , Barrandon Jean-Noël 
Published: November 2014

We introduce a method of analysis which, contrary to those used at present (XRF, PIXE), allows a global analysis of objects made of copper alloys : the activation with fast neutrons of a cyclotron. In fact, these particles pass through all metallic objects.
After describing the activation method and defining the experimental conditions, we show that the method allows the non destructive dosage till ppm level for the ten main components of copper alloys : Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Ag, Sn, Sb, Au, and Pb.
Two methods of calibration are used : one of them sets us free from the corrosion state of the object which is basic for these types of non-noble metal alloys.
Several examples of analysis are given in the numismatic field.
Les marqueurs biogéochimiques : application à l'archéologie
Authors: Pepe C. , Dizabo Pierre , Scribe Pierre , Dagaut Jacques , Fillaux J. , Saliot Alain 
Published: November 2014

Ce travail a consisté à analyser certains marqueurs biogéochimiques pour l'étude de paléoenvironnements d'intérêt archéologique. Le choix des molécules étudiées par chromatographie en phase gazeuse (CPG) et en couplage chromatographie- spectrométrie de masse (CPG/SM) s'est porté sur des constituants lipidiques tels que les alcanes, les acides gras (saturés, insaturés, ramifiés) et les stérols en raison de leur stabilité chimique et de leur ubiquité dans le règne végétal et animal.
Certains critères nous ont permis de préciser l'impact de la dégradation bactérienne sur la matière organique étudiée (Carbon Preference Index, acides ramifiés iso et ante iso). En caractérisant l'origine des apports en matière organique, il devient alors possible d'opérer des distinctions dans les fonctions des structures archéologiques mises à jour. Il s'avère que l'utilisation de ces traceurs organiques permet d'apporter une contribution efficace à la reconstitution des de vie en milieu urbain depuis l'époque gallo-romaine.
Centres de production et échanges céramiques dans les Cyclades (apport de la microscopie optique)
Authors: Gautier J. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract : This study is a part of the research conducted by a French and Greek Group (RCP 583). It is devoted to Cycladic pottery during the Archaic Period, and the results are presented here after. Optic microscopy has been used : mineralogical and technological marks are identified in the aim to compare groups of
unknown origin («melian» orientalizing style, «linear» and «parian» styles, amphora «from Thera») to referencedceramics samples.
Our objective was to determine where the workshops were settled and to identify imported ceramics.
I - The origin of «melian» orientalizing ware has been clarified :
- These objects do not come from Melos.
- The «melian» samples recently excavated at Paros, appear to be an homogeneous group which have narrow similarities with parian referenced ceramics : this proves that the workshop was settled in Paros.
- Two «melian» vases found in Siphnos excavations come from the same parian workshop.
- On the contrary, «melian» vases found at Rhenee are quite different. They come from an other workshop which can be, byanalogy of materials, related to Naxos.
- The «pseudo-melian» type, found in Thassos is probably local imitation.
II - The «linear» Group has been generally attributed to Paros.
The naxian origin of this group has been proved. Another group, named «parian of Santorini» come from the same
workshop in Naxos.
III -Amphora «of Thera» are local fabrics, it does not seem they have been exported.
In conclusion'.
- Several workshops have coexisted, producing and trading vases of «melian» orientalizing style (Paros, Naxos, Thassos...).
- Naxian workshops had, since Geometric Period and during Archaic Period, a large activity and influence. They created original products («linear», «melian» ?) and they exported them.
Un exemple de stratégie d'évaluation du potentiel archéologique : le site antique d'Eauze (Gers)
Authors: Martinaud Michel , Schaad Daniel 
Published: November 2014

L'évaluation du potentiel archéologique d'une surface de huit hectares à l'emplacement de la ville antique d'Elusa,
métropole de la province de Novempopulanie au IVe siècle, nous a conduit a choisir comme stratégie d'investifation
l'association de la prospection électrique, des sondages archéologiques et de la prospection géologique.
La prospection électrique, réalisée sur 40 % de la surface, a d'abord permis de situer et de mesurer l'importance des
structures bâties (édifices, voies) et des secteurs exempts de constructions (places ? zones détruites ?...). Des sondages
archéologiques ont été ensuite menés jusqu'au substrat afin de préciser la nature des vestiges repérés par la prospection
électrique et de fournir un étalonnage des mesures électriques. Ces sondages ont aussi permis d'affiner, à l'échelle du site,
nos connaissances du contexte géologique sur lequel s'est implantée l'agglomération antique.
Les grandes lignes de la trame urbaine et l'état de conservation des vestiges enfouis sont ainsi déterminés avec une bonne
sécurité d'interprétation grâce à l'interaction coordonnée de ces trois méthodes d'investigation. Cet article explicite les choix
méthodologiques et techniques mis en oeuvre au cours de cette évaluation.
Le palynofaciès en archéologie : intérêt de son étude
Authors: Diot Marie-Françoise 
Published: November 2014

L'étude du palynofaciès a trait à la matière organique amorphe, aux débris opaques (minéraux, microcharbons),
aux débris végétaux et aux microfossiles (algues d'eau douce, theques d'oeufs de vers parasites..., y compris des pollens et
des spores).
Pour la première fois, ce type d'étude défini par les pétroliers est appliqué à des sédiments de sites archéologiques.
L'étude de la matière organique amorphe est laissée au second plan au profit de celle des autres constituants, en particulier
des microcharbons.
En archéologie, l'étude du palynofaciès est encourageante ; outre les renseignements sur la mise en place et la taphonomie
du matériel organique dont les pollens et spores, elle met en évidence les actions anthropozoogènes.
Quelques observations complémentaires sur les altérations de composition des céramiques au cours du temps : cas de quelques alcalins et alcalino-terreux
Authors: Picon Maurice 
Published: November 2014

On rappelle que les céramiques calcaires fortement surcuites sont particulièrement sensibles aux phénomènes de lessivage. Ceux-ci se traduisent par l'élimination d'une fraction très importante du potassium, mais également du baryum. La présence d'une phase vitreuse, instable, riche en potassium (et en baryum) est sans doute à l'origine de cette sensibilité
Ces fixations se produisent également dans le cas des céramiques calcaires non surcuites. On en donne deux exemples pou Sr et Ba, dans un contexte filonien et dans un contexte sédimentaire. On s'interroge enfin sur les relations qui existent entre ces fixations et la fixation du phosphore.
Nouveaux apports de l'image numérique en archéologie
Authors: Rouger Éric 
Published: November 2014

This article summerizes two years of research work, in the context of an M.S.T. memoir in archeology. It offers a new approach to automated acquisition of archeological information. This information concerns the establishment of elevation outlines, stratigraphies, and anthropological data.
The novelty of this method compared with others (Arkeoplan) consists in term of its application on an archeological excavation. It is necessary to make transparency, according to the criteria for future rectification using image processing. This process enables us to suppress traditional drawing on millimetre paper. Later, the main work is executed on a «Macintosh» computer, with the aid of three principal softwear components : picture processing, analysis and vectorisation. All results are as satisfaying as the usual drawings, and generaly complete observations which are made on the site.