bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depression, Anxiety, Body Image, Sexual Functioning, and Dyadic Adjustment Associated with Dialysis Type in Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: Öyekçin Demet Güleç , Gülpek Demet , Sahin Erkan Melih , Mete Levent 
Published: August 2012

Objective: Depression is the most widely studied complication in dialysis patients. In patients with chronic renal failure, changes in body image are considered to be associated with invasive treatment interventions. In addition, sexual problems are common in dialysis patients. In this study, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients are investigated for depression, anxiety, body image, sexual satisfaction, and dyadic adjustment. Methods: Hemodialysis patients ( n = 36), peritoneal dialysis patients ( n = 54), and healthy controls ( n = 30) were included in the study. All the subjects were assessed with Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, Body Image Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Scale, Golombok-Rust Inventory for Sexual Satisfaction, and Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Results: Depression (20.64 + 15.20) and anxiety levels (14.72 + 12.36) were significantly higher in hemodialysis group compared to peritoneal dialysis (13.54 + 12.51; 12.74 + 11.21) and control groups (7.17 + 5.58; 9.86 + 9.19). In peritoneal dialysis group, as depression and anxiety levels increased, body image was disturbed and sexual satisfaction decreased. In peritoneal dialysis group, body image (86.98 + 23.63) was better than hemodialysis group (101.58 + 26.51) and was not different from the control group (83.67 + 22.11). In hemodialysis group, as depression and anxiety levels increased, body image was disturbed. In both groups, long-term dialysis disturbed body image. Conclusion: Patients should be informed about the impacts of dialysis. Clinicians may wish to monitor dialysis-users for anxiety, depression, dyadic adjustment, and body image difficulties at follow-up appointments. Interventions that target intimate partner interventions, appearance-related beliefs, and anxiety depression may be of benefit to this population.
The Relationship between Postpartum Depression and Breastfeeding
Authors: Hamdan Aisha , Tamim Hani 
Published: August 2012

Introduction: The purpose was to investigate the possible correlation or predictive relationship between breastfeeding and Postpartum Depression (PPD). Method: We conducted a prospective study in which 137 Arab women were assessed during pregnancy and postpartum. Current breastfeeding was correlated with postpartum outcomes (EPDS and MINI), employment, and use of formula at 2 and 4 months postpartum, as well as with other variables. Results: Women who were breastfeeding at 2 and 4 months had lower scores on EPDS ( p < 0.0037 and p < 0.0001, respectively) and were less likely to be diagnosed with PPD at 4 months ( p < 0.0025). Higher scores on EPDS and diagnosis of PPD at 2 months were predictive of lower rates of breastfeeding at 4 months ( p < 0.0001 and p < 0.005, respectively). Women who were employed and using formula at 2 months were less likely to breastfeed at 4 months ( p < 0.0001). Breastfeeding women at 2 months had lower scores on EPDS ( p < 0.003) and were less likely to be diagnosed with PPD ( p < 0.05) at 4 months. Discussion: The results indicate that women who breastfeed their infants reduced their risk of developing PPD, with effects being maintained over the first 4 months postpartum. PPD may also decrease the rate of breastfeeding, suggesting a reciprocal relationship between these variables.
The Abuse of Prescription Medications and Employment History
Authors: Sansone Randy A. , Leung Justin S. , Wiederman Michael W. 
Published: August 2012

Objective: The relationship between prescription medication abuse and employment history is rarely studied and is the focus of the present study. Method: Using a cross-sectional consecutive sample of 325 internal medicine outpatients and a self-report survey methodology, we examined prescription medication abuse (“Have you ever intentionally, or on purpose, abused prescription medications?”) and four employment variables. Results: We found statistically significant relationships between the abuse of prescription medications and all four employment variables—i.e., number of different jobs held since age 18 (5.05 in nonabusers versus 7.81 in past abusers), estimated percentage of time employed since age 18 (79.0% in nonabusers versus 63.3% in past abusers), being paid “under the table” (24.9% in nonabusers versus 77.4% in past abusers), and being fired (37.2% in nonabusers versus 64.5% in past abusers)—all indicating less employment viability in participants with past histories of prescription medication abuse. Conclusions: The abuse of prescription medications is associated with impaired functionality in the work arena.
On-the-fly Ambiguity Resolution Using an Estimator of the Modified Ambiguity Covariance Matrix for the GNSS Positioning Model Based on Phase Data
Authors: Cellmer S. 
Published: August 2012

On-the-fly Ambiguity Resolution Using an Estimator of the Modified Ambiguity Covariance Matrix for the GNSS Positioning Model Based on Phase Data
On-the-fly ambiguity resolution (OTF AR) is based on a small data set, obtained from a very short observation session or even from a single epoch observation. In these cases, a classical approach to ambiguity resolution (e.g. the Lambda method) can meet some numerical problems. The basis of the Lambda method is an integer decorrelation of the positive definite ambiguity covariance matrix (ACM). The necessary condition for the proper performing of this procedure is a positive definiteness of ACM. However, this condition is not satisfied in cases of very short observation sessions or single epoch positioning if phase-only observations are used. The subject of this contribution is such a case where phase-only observations are used in the final part of the computational process. The modification of ACM is proposed in order to ensure its positive definiteness. An estimator of modified ACM is a good ACM approximation for the purpose of performing the LAMBDA method. Another problem of short sessions (or a single epoch) positioning is the poor quality of the float solution. In this paper, a cascade adjustment with wide-lane combinations of signals L1 and L2 as a method of solving this problem is presented.
Evaluation of Gastric Ulcerogenic and Healing Impairment Effects of Bisphosphonates: Adverse Gastric Reactions of Bisphosphonate
Authors: Takeuchi Koji , Amagase Kikuko 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBisphosphonates (BPPs) were developed as antiresorptive drugs capable of treating diseases related to bone remodeling; however, they have untoward effects including ulceration in the upper gastrointestinal tract and worsen the healing‐impairment action of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, prescribed in patients with arthritis or osteoporosis. We produced ulcers in the antrum by administering BPPs to fasted rats, followed by refeeding, and confirmed their healing‐impairment action on pre‐existing gastric ulcers; the ulcerogenic effect is due to direct mucosal irritation and decrease in the mucosal anti‐oxidative system, while the latter effect is due to dysregulation of growth factor expression, such as vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor, and angiogenesis in the ulcerated mucosa. In this article, we describe these two animal models for investigating BPP‐related adverse reactions, including methods for the induction of antral ulcers and healing impairment of gastric ulcers, as well as measurement of pathogenic functional and biochemical changes. Curr. Protoc. Toxicol. 53:21.10.1‐21.10.29. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Plasmonic Response of Ag‐ and Au‐Infiltrated Cross‐Linked Lysozyme Crystals
Authors: Muskens Otto L. , England Matt W. , Danos Lefteris , Li Mei , Mann Stephen 
Published: August 2012

AbstractMetal‐infiltrated protein crystals form a novel class of bio‐nanomaterials of great interest for applications in biomedicine, chemistry, and optoelectronics. As yet, very little is known about the internal structure of these materials and the interconnectivity of the metallic network. Here, the optical response of individual Au‐ and Ag‐infiltrated cross‐linked lysozyme crystals is investigated using angle‐ and polarization‐dependent spectroscopy. The measurements unequivocally show that metallic inclusions formed inside the nanoporous solvent channels do not connect into continuous nanowires, but rather consist of ensembles of isolated spheroidal nanoclusters with aspect ratios as high as a value of four, and which exhibit a pronounced plasmonic response that is isotropic on a macroscopic length scale. Fluorescence measurement in the visible range show a strong contribution from the protein host, which is quenched by the Au inclusions, and a weaker contribution attributed to the molecule‐like emission from small Au‐clusters.
Beyond Samarium Diiodide: Vistas in Reductive Chemistry Mediated by Lanthanides(II)
Authors: Szostak Michal , Procter David J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractReactions proceeding through open‐shell, single‐electron pathways offer attractive alternative outcomes to those proceeding through closed‐shell, two‐electron mechanisms. In this context, samarium diiodide (SmI2) has emerged as one of the most important and convenient‐to‐use electron‐transfer reagents available in the laboratory. Recently, significant progress has been made in the reductive chemistry of other divalent lanthanides which for many years had been considered too reactive to be of value to synthetic chemists. Herein, we illustrate how new samarium(II) complexes and nonclassical lanthanide(II) reagents are changing the landscape of modern reductive chemistry.
Orgenic plants: Gene‐manipulated plants compatible with organic farming
Authors: Ryffel Gerhart U. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBased on recent advances in plant gene technology, I propose to develop a new category of GM plants, orgenic plants, that are compatible with organic farming. These orgenic plants do not contain herbicide resistance genes to avoid herbicide application in agriculture. Furthermore, they either contain genes that are naturally exchanged between species, or are sterile to avoid outcrossing if they received a transgene from a different species. These GM plants are likely to be acceptable to most sceptics of GM plants and facilitate the use of innovative new crops.
A comprehensive look at financial volatility prediction by economic variables
Authors: Christiansen Charlotte , Schmeling Maik , Schrimpf Andreas 
Published: August 2012

SUMMARYWe investigate whether return volatility is predictable by macroeconomic and financial variables to shed light on the economic drivers of financial volatility. Our approach is distinct owing to its comprehensiveness: First, we employ a data‐rich forecast methodology to handle a large set of potential predictors in a Bayesian model‐averaging approach and, second, we take a look at multiple asset classes (equities, foreign exchange, bonds and commodities) over long time spans. We find that proxies for credit risk and funding liquidity consistently show up as common predictors of volatility across asset classes. Variables capturing time‐varying risk premia also perform well as predictors of volatility. While forecasts by macro‐finance augmented models also achieve forecasting gains out‐of‐sample relative to autoregressive benchmarks, the performance varies across asset classes and over time. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Association of Cotherapy Supervision With Client Outcomes, Attrition, and Trainee Effectiveness in a Psychotherapy Training Clinic
Authors: Tanner Melissa A. , Gray James J. , Haaga David A. F. 
Published: August 2012

ObjectiveCotherapy supervision has been hypothesized to enhance client outcomes and trainee effectiveness, but there is little empirical evidence relevant to either claim. This study tested both hypotheses, using data from the supervision of psychology doctoral students conducting cognitive behavioral therapy in a university‐based clinic.MethodGroups of clients treated by supervisor‐trainee duos and groups of clients treated by solo trainees with varying exposure to cotherapy supervision were compared on changes in symptoms as measured with the Outcome Questionnaire (OQ‐45) and on dropout rates.ResultsClients showed statistically significant reductions in symptoms from pretreatment to posttreatment. However, there were no significant group differences in the magnitude of change or in client retention.ConclusionsNo support was obtained for the hypothesized benefits of cotherapy supervision. Clients treated by a cotherapy (supervisor and supervisee) team did not improve more than did clients treated by solo trainees. Furthermore, clients treated by (solo) trainees who had received cotherapy supervision did not improve more than did clients treated by trainees who had not received cotherapy supervision.
Climatic trends over Ethiopia: regional signals and drivers
Authors: Jury Mark R. , Funk Chris 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis study analyses observed and projected climatic trends over Ethiopia, through analysis of temperature and rainfall records and related meteorological fields. The observed datasets include gridded station records and reanalysis products; while projected trends are analysed from coupled model simulations drawn from the IPCC 4th Assessment. Upward trends in air temperature of + 0.03 °C year−1 and downward trends in rainfall of − 0.4 mm month−1 year−1 have been observed over Ethiopia's southwestern region in the period 1948‐2006. These trends are projected to continue to 2050 according to the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Lab model using the A1B scenario. Large scale forcing derives from the West Indian Ocean where significant warming and increased rainfall are found. Anticyclonic circulations have strengthened over northern and southern Africa, limiting moisture transport from the Gulf of Guinea and Congo. Changes in the regional Walker and Hadley circulations modulate the observed and projected climatic trends. Comparing past and future patterns, the key features spread westward from Ethiopia across the Sahel and serve as an early warning of potential impacts. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
Primal‐dual active set methods for Allen–Cahn variational inequalities with nonlocal constraints
Authors: Blank Luise , Garcke Harald , Sarbu Lavinia , Styles Vanessa 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe propose and analyze a primal‐dual active set method for discretized versions of the local and nonlocal Allen–Cahn variational inequalities. An existence result for the nonlocal variational inequality is shown in a formulation involving Lagrange multipliers for local and nonlocal constraints. Local convergence of the discrete method is shown by interpreting the approach as a semismooth Newton method. Properties of the method are discussed and several numerical simulations demonstrate its efficiency. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2013
Occipitalization of the Atlas in Two Female Skeletons from Apollonia Pontica, Bulgaria
Authors: Keenleyside A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractOccipitalization of the atlas was observed in two adult female skeletons from the Greek colonial site of Apollonia Pontica (5th to 3rd centuries BC), located on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. Representing a rare congenital anomaly of the atlanto‐occipital junction, this condition has been documented in very few skeletal remains from Classical antiquity. Postmortem damage to one of the specimens prevented an evaluation of its clinical significance. The dimensions of the second specimen, however, suggest that the affected individual may have experienced some neurological symptoms associated with her condition. The burial of the two females in close proximity to one another raises the possibility that they may have been biologically related. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of heat accelerated aging on tensile strength of three dimensional braided/epoxy resin composites
Authors: Song Leilei , Li Jialu 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe tensile tests of three‐dimensional (3Dim) and four‐directional (4Dir) carbon fiber braided/epoxy resin composites and carbon fiber woven plain fabric laminated/epoxy composites after heat accelerated aging at 150 and 180°C for 60, 120, and 180 h were carried out respectively. The reason of the changes of tensile property of these composites after different aging period of time at different high temperature was explained. The results of two‐way ANOVA analyzing indicate that the aging time has a significant effect on tensile strength of these composites. With the increase of accelerated aging period of time at high temperature, the tensile strengths of these composite samples decreased compared with that of composite samples without aging. However the decrease of tensile strength of 3Dim and 4Dir braided composites is less than that of laminated composites. One of the reasons is after aging for a long time at high temperature, the resin is damaged and becomes brittle which make the bonding force between fiber and resin decrease. Another reason is the structure of reinforcement of composites. After aging, the structure of 3Dim and 4Dir braided/epoxy resin composites still keeps the integrity which makes the 3Dim and 4Dir composites have less tensile performance degradation (3Dim and 4 Dir: three‐dimensional and four‐directional). POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Gentamicin loaded β‐tricalcium phosphate/gelatin composite microspheres as biodegradable bone fillers
Authors: Sezer Umran Aydemir , Aksoy Eda Ayse , Durucan Caner , Hasirci Nesrin 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn this study, novel composite bone fillers with microspherical shape, biodegradable property, and antibacterial effect were designed and prepared. Various fillers with different β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP)/gelatin (G)/glutaraldeyde (GA) compositions were loaded with a model antibiotic, gentamicin. The effect of composition and preparation conditions on the release of gentamicin was investigated in in vitro conditions. Complete release were observed in 12 h for pure β‐TCP powder, and this period was extended up to 96 h as the gelatin content increased in the microspheres. Morphological and chemical structures of the microspheres, before and after the release studies, were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared, respectively. Antibacterial activities were examined againstEscherichia coliby using disc diffusion method and promising results were obtained. It is proposed that these novel β‐TCP/G/GA microspheres can be applied locally to prevent and/or eliminate infection that might occur around a defected region of hard tissue and supports the healing process. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Characterization and DC electrical conductivity of the composite films containing polyaniline‐carboxymethyl cellulose
Authors: Basavaraja C. , Kim Jin Kyoung , Thinh P.X. , Huh Do Sung 
Published: August 2012

AbstractNew polymer composites containing polyaniline‐carboxymethyl cellulose (PANI‐CMC) were prepared via the polymerization of aniline hydrochloride using different concentration (wt%) of sodium CMC using ammonium persulfate as an oxidant. The thermal stability and embedded crystallinity of the composites were investigated using thermogravimetric and X‐ray diffraction analysis method, respectively. The electrical properties of the composites were examined using temperature‐dependent DC conductivity within 300–500 K. As compared to pure polyaniline the composites with increasing CMC in the PANI‐CMC composites shows the enhancement in the higher crystallinity and thermal stability, and higher electrical conductivities under equivalent conditions. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
A study on mechanical, thermal, and wear characteristics of nylon 66/molybdenum disulfide composites reinforced with glass fibers
Authors: Basavaraj E. , Ramaraj B. , Siddaramaiah  
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe influence of silane‐coated short glass fibers (SGF) on the mechanical and wear characteristics of nylon 66 composites was investigated by compounding nylon 66 with 35% SGF as well as with 2% molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and without MoS2 in a co‐rotating twin screw extruder. Thus the resultant material was evaluated for physico‐mechanical, thermal, sliding wear, and morphological characteristics. It was found that the addition of glass fibers as well as MoS2 has significantly improved the tensile strength, tensile modulus, and impact strength of the nylon 66. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis reveals significant changes in the crystallization behavior of nylon 66 for incorporation of fillers. Thermal stability of the nylon 66 was found to be improved as revealed by the thermogravimetric analysis results. Dynamic mechanical analysis results show drastic improvement in the storage modulus of the nylon 66 both in the glassy region as well as in the rubbery region. Wear analysis shows that the incorporation of glass fibers and MoS2 filler has reduced the wear loss and specific wear rate of nylon 66. Worn surfaces were examined with scanning electron microscopy to have better insight of the wear mechanism. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Fabrication and characterization of NBR/MWCNT composites by latex technology
Authors: Jiang Hongxia , Ni Qingqing , Wang Hongfu , Liu Jihong 
Published: August 2012

AbstractTo develop a rubber composite with excellent electrical properties, a sort of synthetic rubber, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) with CN dipoles as matrix, multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as filler, was synthesized. NBR composites reinforced with 0.5, 1.5, 3, 10, and 20 phr MWCNT contents were fabricated by latex technology. The electrical conductivity, dielectric characteristics, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness at room temperature of NBR/MWCNT composites were investigated. MWCNTs were found well dispersed into NBR matrix even for 20 phr content by FESEM observation. The electrical conductivity increased with an increment of MWCNT content. The dielectric constant was over 104 at 103 Hz frequency for 10 and 20 phr MWCNTs‐reinforced NBR composites. It was attributed to the increased electrons and interface polarization. The improved conductivity and dielectric permittivity resulted in an enhanced EMI shielding effectiveness. The EMI shielding effectiveness reached 26 dB at 16.7 GHz frequency for NBR/20 phr MWCNT composite with 1.0 mm thickness. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Study on the preparation and properties of aligned carbon nanotubes/polylactide composite fibers
Authors: Kong Yuxia , Yuan Jie , Wang Zongming , Qiu Jun 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe oriented carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/polylactic acid (PLA) composite fibers was prepared by the modified electrospinning technology, and characterized by Raman, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and thermogravimetric (TG)/differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analyses, respectively. Results showed that functionalized MWNTs have obvious orientation along the fiber axial in the interior of the electrospun PLA fibers, and improved the crystallization degree of PLA in the composite fibers due to the heterogeneous nucleation effect. The influences of polycaprolactone‐functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs‐PCL) on the performances of PLA fibers were studied. The crystallization region inside the MWNTs–PCL/PLA composite fibers was enlarged by increasing the MWNTs‐PCL content. As a result, enhanced crystallization temperature was obtained. Moreover, a small amount of MWNTs‐PCL (0.5%) improved the thermal stability of PLA matrix, while excess MWNTs‐PCL (3.0%) induced the decrease of the thermal stability of PLA resin due to the agglomeration of MWNTs‐PCL. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers