bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of the Linkage between A-Polysaccharide and the Core in the A-Lipopolysaccharide of Porphyromonas gingivalis W50
Authors: Paramonov Nikolay , Aduse-Opoku Joseph , Hashim Ahmed , Rangarajan Minnie , Curtis Michael A. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Porphyromonas gingivalis
synthesizes two lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), O-LPS and A-LPS. The structure of the core oligosaccharide (OS) of O-LPS and the attachment site of the O-polysaccharide (O-PS) repeating unit [→3)-α-
d
-Gal
p
-(1→6)-α-
d
-Glc
p
-(1→4)-α-
l
-Rha
p
-(1→3)-β-
d
-GalNAc
p
-(1→] to the core have been elucidated using the ΔPG1051 (WaaL, O-antigen ligase) and ΔPG1142 (Wzy, O-antigen polymerase) mutant strains, respectively. The core OS occurs as an “uncapped” glycoform devoid of O-PS and a “capped” glycoform that contains the attachment site of O-PS via β-
d
-GalNAc at position O-3 of the terminal α-(1→3)-linked mannose (Man) residue. In this study, the attachment site of A-PS to the core OS was determined based on structural analysis of SR-type LPS (O-LPS and A-LPS) isolated from a
P. gingivalis
ΔPG1142 mutant strain by extraction with aqueous hot phenol to minimize the destruction of A-LPS. Application of one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in combination with methylation analysis showed that the A-PS repeating unit is linked to a nonterminal α-(1→3)-linked Man of the “capped core” glycoform of outer core OS at position O-4 via a →6)-[α-
d
-Man-α-(1→2)-α-
d
-Man-1-phosphate→2]-α-
d
-Man-(1→ motif. In order to verify that O-PS and A-PS are attached to almost identical core glycoforms, we identified a putative α-mannosyltransferase (PG0129) in
P. gingivalis
W50 that may be involved in the formation of core OS. Inactivation of PG0129 led to the synthesis of deep-R-type LPS with a truncated core that lacks α-(1→3)-linked mannoses and is devoid of either O-PS or A-PS. This indicated that PG0129 is an α-1,3-mannosyltransferase required for synthesis of the outer core regions of both O-LPS and A-LPS in
P. gingivalis
.

IMPORTANCE
Porphyromonas gingivalis
, a Gram-negative anaerobe, is considered to be an important etiologic agent in periodontal disease, and among the virulence factors produced by the organism are two lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), O-LPS and A-LPS. The structures of the O-PS and A-PS repeating units, the core oligosaccharide (OS), and the linkage of the O-PS repeating unit to the core OS in O-LPS have been elucidated by our group. It is important to establish whether the attachment site of the A-PS repeating unit to the core OS in A-LPS is similar to or differs from that of the O-PS repeating unit in O-LPS. As part of understanding the biosynthetic pathway of the two LPSs in
P. gingivalis
, PG0129 was identified as an α-mannosyltransferase that is involved in the synthesis of the outer core regions of both O-LPS and A-LPS.
Receptor for hyaluronic acid-mediated motility (RHAMM, CD168) expression is prognostically important in both nodal negative and nodal positive large cell lung cancer
Authors: Augustin Florian , Fiegl Michael , Schmid Thomas , Pomme Geoffrey , Sterlacci William , Tzankov Alexandar 
Published: March 2015

ObjectiveDespite advances in therapy, lung cancer is still the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. Further prognostic tools are warranted for risk-adapted therapeutic decisions. We analysed a cohort of primary surgically treated non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) to determine the prognostic role of CD44 and associated molecules (receptor for hyaluronic acid-mediated motility (RHAMM), CD95, osteopontin (OPN), P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and caspase 3 (Casp3)). CD44 is a cell adhesion molecule. While the standard form (CD44s) is ubiquitously expressed, its variant isoforms are claimed to play an important role in invasion and metastasis in various cancers.MethodsThree-hundred and eighty-three primary surgically resected NSCLC specimens were brought into a standardised tissue microarray platform. Immunohistochemistry for CD44, CD95, RHAMM, OPN, P-gp and Casp3 was performed. The clinical correlation was made with known histopathological, phenotypical and genotypical variables; clinical data were available for a postoperative follow-up period of up to 15 years.ResultsRHAMM expression in the subgroup of large cell carcinomas (LCC) was associated with inferior survival (p=0.000223). Median overall survival was 92 versus 18 months for RHAMM-negative and positive patients, respectively. This survival difference remained significant in both nodal negative and positive patients (pN0: p=0.013 and pN≥1: p=0.007, respectively). P-gp expression was associated with inferior survival in adenocarcinomas (ACA; p=0.013) and appeared to be a postsurgical Union International Contre le Cancer (pUICC)- stage and gender-independent prognostic factor, irrespective of adjuvant chemotherapy, in the multivariable analysis; considering nodal status, this survival difference applied to pN0 cancers (p=0.026).ConclusionsAnalysis of RHAMM expression is a valuable predictor of survival in LCC. RHAMM-positive patients may benefit from a targeted therapy even in early nodal negative stages. Expression of P-gp identifies a subset of pN0 ACA patients with poor outcome independent of stage, gender and adjuvant chemotherapy.
Hans Sicat and the Transformation at the Philippine Stock Exchange
Authors: Dioquino Manuel C. 
Published: March 2015

The Philippine Stock Exchange, Inc. (PSE) was suffering a credibility problem in 2011. Just like the Philippine economy, the PSE was not performing well and the integrity of its leadership and decisions they made was being questioned by the public at large and the business community in particular. Hans Sicat, a retired investment banker, was invited to join the Board of Directors with a tacit agreement that he would be elected Chairman. Events thereafter led to Mr. Sicat's appointment as President and Chief Executive Officer of the bourse. Hans Sicat turns around the stock exchange successfully. How he makes it look seemingly simple is the subject of this case. Hans places all transformative efforts into two “bucket lists”. All of his efforts to increase the volume of trade in the exchange are classified under Liquidity, while all efforts to restore the integrity within the bourse and its listed firms, he refers to as Governance issues. The Philippine Stock Exchange, Inc. transformation does not go unnoticed by domestic and foreign investors, and other stakeholders as well. It breaks the 5,000 point barrier.
Chapter 3 The Archaean and Proterozoic history of Peninsular India: tectonic framework for Precambrian sedimentary basins in India
Authors: Meert Joseph G. , Pandit Manoj K. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

The Precambrian geological history of Peninsular India covers nearly 3.0 Ga. The Peninsula is an assembly of five different cratonic nuclei known as the Aravalli–Bundelkhand, Eastern Dharwar, Western Dharwar, Bastar and Singhbhum cratons along with the Southern Granulite Province. Final amalgamation of these elements occurred either by the end of the Archaean (2.5 Ga) or by the end of the Palaeoproterozoic (
c.
1.6 Ga). Each of these nuclei contains one or more sedimentary basins (or metasedimentary basins) of Proterozoic age. This chapter provides an overview of each of the cratons and a brief description of the Precambrian sedimentary basins in India that form the focus of the remainder of this book. In our view, it appears that basin formation and subsequent closure can be grossly constrained to three separate intervals that also broadly correspond to the assembly and disaggregation of the supercontinents Columbia, Rodinia and Gondwana. The oldest Purana-I basins developed during the 2.5–1.6 Ga interval, Purana-II basins formed during the 1.6–1.0 Ga interval and the Purana-III basins formed during the Neoproterozoic–Cambrian interval.
Chapter 7 A review of the current status of the Older Metamorphic Group and Older Metamorphic Tonalite Gneiss: insights into the Palaeoarchaean history of the Singhbhum craton, India
Authors: Hofmann Axel , Mazumder Rajat 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

The Older Metamorphic Group and the Older Metamorphic Tonalite Gneiss are classic examples of Palaeaoarchaean high-grade metamorphic rocks of the Singhbhum Craton of India. The Older Metamorphic Group is a supracrustal assemblage that was probably deposited as a greenstone belt-type succession before
c.
3.32 Ga, the low-grade equivalents of which are found in parts of the Iron Ore Group. The Older Metamorphic Tonalite Gneiss represents a suite of granitoids that are tectonically interleaved with the supracrustal gneisses and that formed over an extended period of time, 3.53–3.45 Ga and possibly later, by processes of Archaean crustal growth.
RF-IDraw
Authors: Wang Jue , Vasisht Deepak , Katabi Dina 
Published: March 2015

Prior work in RF-based positioning has mainly focused on discovering the absolute location of an RF source, where state-of-the-art systems can achieve an accuracy on the order of tens of centimeters using a large number of antennas. However, many applications in gaming and gesture based interface see more benefits in knowing the detailed shape of a motion. Such trajectory tracing requires a resolution several fold higher than what existing RF-based positioning systems can offer.
This paper shows that one can provide a dramatic increase in trajectory tracing accuracy, even with a small number of antennas. The key enabler for our design is a multi-resolution positioning technique that exploits an intrinsic tradeoff between improving the resolution and resolving ambiguity in the location of the RF source. The unique property of this design is its ability to precisely reconstruct the minute details in the trajectory shape, even when the absolute position might have an offset. We built a prototype of our design with commercial off-the-shelf RFID readers and tags and used it to enable a virtual touch screen, which allows a user to interact with a desired computing device by gesturing or writing her commands in the air, where each letter is only a few centimeters wide.
Volume expansion during NOS substrate donation with l-arginine: regulatory offsetting of renal response?
Authors: Andersen Jens Lundbæk , Sandgaard Niels C. F. , Bie Peter 
Published: March 2015

The responses to infusion of nitric oxide synthase substrate (l-arginine 3 mg · kg−1 · min−1) and to slow volume expansion (saline 35 ml/kg for 90 min) alone and in combination were investigated in separate experiments. l-Arginine left blood pressure and plasma ANG II unaffected but decreased heart rate (6 ± 2 beats/min) and urine osmolality, increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) transiently, and caused sustained increases in sodium excretion (fourfold) and urine flow (0.2 ± 0.0 to 0.7 ± 0.1 ml/min). Volume expansion increased arterial blood pressure (102 ± 3 to 114 ± 3 mmHg), elevated GFR persistently by 24%, and enhanced sodium excretion to a peak of 251 ± 31 μmol/min, together with marked increases in urine flow, osmolar and free water clearances, whereas plasma ANG II decreased (8.1 ± 1.7 to 1.6 ± 0.3 pg/ml). Combined volume expansion and l-arginine infusion tended to increase arterial blood pressure and increased GFR by 31%, whereas peak sodium excretion was enhanced to 335 ± 23 μmol/min at plasma ANG II levels of 3.0 ± 1.1 pg/ml; urine flow and osmolar clearance were increased at constant free water clearance. In conclusion, l-arginine 1) increases sodium excretion, 2) decreases basal urine osmolality, 3) exaggerates the natriuretic response to volume expansion by an average of 50% without persistent changes in GFR, and 4) abolishes the increase in free water clearance normally occurring during volume expansion. Thus l-arginine is a natriuretic substance compatible with a role of nitric oxide in sodium homeostasis, possibly by offsetting/shifting the renal response to sodium excess.
On a Nonlinear Degenerate Evolution Equation with Nonlinear Boundary Damping
Authors: Lourêdo A. T. , Siracusa G. , Silva Filho C. A. 
Published: March 2015

This paper deals essentially with a nonlinear degenerate evolution equation of the formKu″-Δu+∑j=1nbj∂u′/∂xj+uσu=0supplemented with nonlinear boundary conditions of Neumann type given by∂u/∂ν+h·, u′=0. Under suitable conditions the existence and uniqueness of solutions are shown and that the boundary damping produces a uniform global stability of the corresponding solutions.
Aberrant LPL Expression, Driven by STAT3, Mediates Free Fatty Acid Metabolism in CLL Cells
Authors: Rozovski Uri , Grgurevic Srdana , Bueso-Ramos Carlos , Harris David M. , Li Ping , Liu Zhiming , Wu Ji Yuan , Jain Preetesh , Wierda William , Burger Jan , O'Brien Susan , Jain Nitin , Ferrajoli Alessandra , Keating Michael J. , Estrov Zeev 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
While reviewing chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) bone marrow slides, we identified cytoplasmic lipid vacuoles in CLL cells but not in normal B cells. Because lipoprotein lipase (LPL), which catalyzes hydrolysis of triglycerides into free fatty acids (FFA), is aberrantly expressed in CLL, we investigated whether LPL regulates the oxidative metabolic capacity of CLL cells. We found that unlike normal B cells, CLL cells metabolize FFAs. Because STAT3 is constitutively activated in CLL cells and because we identified putative STAT3 binding sites in the LPL promoter, we sought to determine whether STAT3 drives the aberrant expression of LPL. Transfection of luciferase reporter gene constructs driven by LPL promoter fragments into MM1 cells revealed that STAT3 activates the LPL promoter. In addition, chromatin immunoprecipitation confirmed that STAT3 binds to the LPL promoter. Furthermore, transfection of CLL cells with STAT3-shRNA downregulated LPL transcripts and protein levels, confirming that STAT3 activates the LPL gene. Finally, transfection of CLL cells with LPL-siRNAs decreased the capacity of CLL cells to oxidize FFAs and reduced cell viability.
Implications: Our study suggests that CLL cells adopt their metabolism to oxidize FFA. Activated STAT3 induces LPL, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of triglycerides into FFA. Therefore, inhibition of STAT3 is likely to prevent the capacity of CLL cells to utilize FFA. Mol Cancer Res; 13(5); 944–53. ©2015 AACR.
Neuronal Calcium Wave Propagation Varies with Changes in Endoplasmic Reticulum Parameters: A Computer Model
Authors: Neymotin Samuel A. , McDougal Robert A. , Sherif Mohamed A. , Fall Christopher P. , Hines Michael L. , Lytton William W. 
Published: March 2015

Calcium ([Formula: see text]) waves provide a complement to neuronal electrical signaling, forming a key part of a neuron’s second messenger system. We developed a reaction-diffusion model of an apical dendrite with diffusible inositol triphosphate ([Formula: see text]), diffusible [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] receptors ([Formula: see text]s), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) [Formula: see text] leak, and ER pump (SERCA) on ER. [Formula: see text] is released from ER stores via [Formula: see text]s upon binding of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. This results in [Formula: see text]-induced-[Formula: see text]-release (CICR) and increases [Formula: see text] spread. At least two modes of [Formula: see text] wave spread have been suggested: a continuous mode based on presumed relative homogeneity of ER within the cell and a pseudo-saltatory model where [Formula: see text] regeneration occurs at discrete points with diffusion between them. We compared the effects of three patterns of hypothesized [Formula: see text] distribution: (1) continuous homogeneous ER, (2) hotspots with increased [Formula: see text] density ([Formula: see text] hotspots), and (3) areas of increased ER density (ER stacks). All three modes produced [Formula: see text] waves with velocities similar to those measured in vitro (approximately 50–90 [Formula: see text]m /sec). Continuous ER showed high sensitivity to [Formula: see text] density increases, with time to onset reduced and speed increased. Increases in SERCA density resulted in opposite effects. The measures were sensitive to changes in density and spacing of [Formula: see text] hotspots and stacks. Increasing the apparent diffusion coefficient of [Formula: see text] substantially increased wave speed. An extended electrochemical model, including voltage-gated calcium channels and AMPA synapses, demonstrated that membrane priming via AMPA stimulation enhances subsequent [Formula: see text] wave amplitude and duration. Our modeling suggests that pharmacological targeting of [Formula: see text]s and SERCA could allow modulation of [Formula: see text] wave propagation in diseases where [Formula: see text] dysregulation has been implicated.
After theology: growing up as youth ministers
Authors: Davis Richard 
Published: March 2015

In this paper I critique the claim that 'youth ministry is a part of theology'. I argue that such a position is both misplaced and damaging to the development of the profession. It is a residual belief of our corporate juvenilia. I propose a greater focus on the 'critical common sense' of the faith community arguing that this is distinct from 'theology'.
I discuss a number of different approaches to theology arguing that none provides an adequate foundation to practical youth ministry. I then explore the notion of 'critical common sense' through a consideration of perception, and MacIntyre's idea of an 'educated public'.
In Silico Analysis of RET Variants in Medullary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Heineman Thomas E. , Joshi Rohan , Cohen Marc A. , Kuhel William I. , Kutler David I. 
Published: March 2015

ObjectiveThe American Thyroid Association (ATA) medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) guidelines group RET variants, in the setting of familial medullary thyroid cancer and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2, into 4 classes of severity based on epidemiological data. The aim of this study was to determine if genotype correlates with phenotype in RET missense mutations.Study DesignIn silico mutational tolerance prediction.SettingAcademic research hospital.Subjects and MethodsWe analyzed all RET variants currently listed in the ATA guidelines for the management of MTC using 2 computer‐based (in silico) mutation tolerance prediction approaches: PolyPhen‐2 HumVar and PolyPhen‐2 HumDiv. Our analysis also included 27 different RET single‐nucleotide polymorphisms resulting in missense variants.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference in the overall HumDiv score between ATA groups A and B (P =. 025) and a statistically significant different HumVar score between benign polymorphisms and ATA group A (P =. 023). Overall, RET variants associated with a less aggressive clinical phenotype generally had a lower Hum Div/Var score.ConclusionsPolyphen‐2 Hum Div/Var may provide additional clinical data to help distinguish benign from MEN2/familial medullary thyroid carcinoma–causing RET variants as well as less aggressive phenotypes (ATA A) from more aggressive ones (ATA B‐C). In silico genetic analyses, with proper validation, may predict the phenotypic severity of RET variants, providing clinicians with a tool to aid clinical decision making in cases in which the RET variant is currently unknown or little epidemiological data are available.
Causes and Costs for ED Visits after Pediatric Adenotonsillectomy
Authors: Curtis Jonathan L. , Harvey D. Brandon , Willie Scott , Narasimhan Evan , Andrews Seth , Henrichsen Jake , Van Buren Nicholas C. , Srivastava Rajendu , Meier Jeremy D. 
Published: March 2015

Objective(1) Review the reasons, timing, and costs for children presenting to the emergency department (ED) after adenotonsillectomy (T&A).Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingTertiary care children’s hospital.Subjects and MethodsA standardized activity‐based hospital accounting system was used to identify 437 children from an academic pediatric otolaryngology practice presenting to the ED after T&A from 2009 to 2012. The reason for presentation, timing after surgery, and facility costs were recorded.ResultsThe study cohort represented 13.3% of the 3198 patients who underwent T&A during that time period. Overall, 133 (4.2%) presented for dehydration, 106 (3.3%) presented for post‐tonsillectomy hemorrhage, 65 (2.0%) for poorly controlled pain, 42 (1.3%) for fever, 29 (1.0%) for vomiting/nausea/GI discomfort, 22 (0.7%) for respiratory complications, and 12 (0.4%) for miscellaneous reasons related to the operation; 28 (0.8%) were unrelated to the T&A and excluded. Mean postoperative day at the time of ED presentation was 4.4 (95% CI, 4.1‐4.7). The mean cost per patient presenting to the ED was $1420 (95% CI, $1104‐$1737), the most costly subgroups being those presenting with respiratory complications ($2855; 95% CI, $1434‐$4277), hemorrhage ($1502; 95% CI, $1216‐$1787), and dehydration ($1372; 95% CI, $995‐$1750). The least costly subgroup was acute postoperative pain ($781; 95% CI, $282‐$1200).ConclusionA significant portion of children present to the ED after T&A for poorly controlled pain, dehydration, or fever. The costs from these visits are significant. Accounting for these costs in the global care for pediatric T&A could assist in calculating appropriate reimbursement for bundled payments in this climate of health care reform.
Thrombolytic therapy in a patient with inferolateral myocardial infarction after carbon monoxide poisoning
Authors: Unlu M , Ozturk C , Demirkol S , Balta S , Malek A , Celik T , Iyisoy A 
Published: March 2015

Introduction: ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) due to coronary artery occlusion caused by intracoronary thrombosis in the setting of acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a very rare presentation. We present a case of intracoronary large and mobile thrombus formation after CO poisoning. Case presentation: A previously healthy 50-year-old woman was referred for CO poisoning. She had chest pain after exposure to CO. Her initial mental status was preoccupied with chest pain. Her initial CO fraction was 28.1%, and initial laboratory data showed creatine kinase–myocardial isoenzyme of 134 U/L (upper limit 25 U/L) and troponin I of >50 ng/mL (upper limit 0.06 ng/mL). Electrocardiography was carried out on admission, revealing an ST segment elevation in the inferolateral leads. After initial evaluation, coronary angiography was performed and an intracoronary large mobile thrombus was seen in the proximal left anterior descending (LAD) artery with no significant stenosis. We administered tenecteplase with heparin. After the thrombolytic therapy, ST elevation in the inferolateral leads resolved. Repeat angiography was performed after 24 h; the thrombus in LAD had resolved. The patient was discharged after 5 days, with persistent Q wave in the inferior leads and mild hypokinesia of the inferoposterior wall suggesting myocardial injury. Conclusion: We describe intracoronary thrombus formation induced by CO poisoning. Because intracoronary thrombus can result in myocardial infarction, its consideration following CO poisoning is important. Patients with CO poisoning who have symptoms of STEMI should be carefully evaluated with serial electrocardiograms, cardiac biomarkers, and an echocardiogram. When there is evidence of acute myocardial injury, a primer in coronary angiography can determine which patients could benefit from intervention.