bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychometric properties of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy‐Health Professional Student's version: An Italian validation study with nursing students
Authors: Montanari Paola , Petrucci Cristina , Russo Silvia , Murray Ian , Dimonte Valerio , Lancia Loreto 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis methodological study was conducted to test the psychometric properties of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy‐Health Professional Student's version (JSE‐HPS), in a convenience sample of 797 Italian nursing students and to describe their empathic engagement. Data were subjected to exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, test–retest, correlation analysis, t‐test, and analysis of variance method. Principal component factor extraction with Oblimin rotation on the first half of the sample was conducted. The analysis suggested a three‐factor solution for 14 items: “compassionate care/emotional engagement,” “perspective‐taking,” and “standing in the patient's shoes.” Confirmatory factor analysis on the second half of the sample showed good fit indexes for the 14‐item solution, indicated by the exploratory factor analysis, and the 20 item solution of the scale, with the exception of one item. Test–retest correlation was 0.50 (P < 0.001) for the overall scale. Results from group comparisons and correlations are also provided and discussed. The Italian version of the JSE‐HPS is a psychometrically sound tool. The translated 20‐item solution is also suitable to carry out cross‐cultural comparisons.
First living‐related liver transplant to cure factor VII deficiency
Authors: Mohan Neelam , Karkra Sakshi , Jolly Anu S. , Vohra Vijay , Mohanka Ravi , Rastogi Amit , Soin A. S. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractCongenital factor VII deficiency is an autosomal recessive serious disorder of blood coagulation with wide genotypic and phenotypic variations. The clinical presentation can vary from asymptomatic patients to patients with major bleedings in severe deficiency (factor VII <1%). Investigations show prolonged PT and low factor VII. Treatment modalities include FFP and repeated recombinant factor VII infusions. We hereby report the first successful LRLT for factor VII deficiency in an infant, the first‐ever youngest baby reported worldwide. A six‐month‐old male child presented with easy bruisability, ecchymotic patches, hematuria, and convulsions. CT of the head showed subdural hemorrhage, which was treated conservatively. He had markedly increased PT (120 s) with normal platelets, and aPTT with factor VII level <1%. Despite the treatment by rFVIIa administration weekly, which was very expensive, he still had repeated life‐threatening bleeding episodes. LRLT was performed with mother as the donor, whose factor VII level was 57%. A factor VII infusion plan for pre‐, intra‐ and postoperative periods was formulated and TEG followed. Postoperatively, his factor VII started increasing from third day and was 38% on 24th day with PT <14 s. He had uneventful intraoperative and postoperative courses. LT is a safe and definite cure for factor VII deficiency.
The Sociology of Women's Abortion Experiences: Recent Research and Future Directions
Authors: Purcell Carrie 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAbortion is a common and essential reproductive healthcare procedure experienced by approximately one third of women at some time in their life. Abortion is also commonly politicised and presented in public discourse as inherently contentious or controversial. However, recent sociological research on women's experiences of abortion is relatively thin on the ground. The body of qualitative research on abortion experiences, which does exist, varies in scope and focus on a relatively limited range of themes. Building on an earlier review of qualitative research on women's abortion experiences, this paper explores the recent literature and identifies three key thematic areas: the context of abortion; reasons and decision‐making; and abortion stigma. It then goes on to identify gaps in the literature, to explore what shape a sociology of women's abortion experiences might take and to suggest future directions for sociological research.
Quantification of Pelvic Mobility on Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Images: Using Mechanical Insight to Help Diagnose Pelvic Pathologies
Authors: Lecomte‐Grosbras P. , Witz J.‐F. , Brieu M. , Faye N. , Cosson M. , Rubod C. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPelvic mobility is essential for good pelvic organ function. Any modification may be a sign of pathology. The objective of this study was to define a methodology to quantify pelvic mobility. An analysis protocol based on an image registration technique performed on dynamic magnetic resonance imaging sequences is presented. A methodology is proposed for measuring and analysing the whole displacement field based on the contour of the four pelvic organs: the vagina, bladder, rectum and uterus. A targeted analysis of pelvic mobility can be applied in the normal, hypermobility and hypomobility context. The quantification of pelvic mobility in normal conditions allows localising fascia or ligaments involved in the static of pelvic organs. In pathological situations such as prolapse, it helps localise a suspension structure weakness. In a context of hypomobility such as deep pelvic endometriosis, it should help localise pathologic areas to provide more relevant diagnosis and treatment. When combined with conventional radiology, this analysis protocol can be applied to the diagnosis and assessment of complex pelvic pathologies to help define the most suitable surgery. Moreover, these experimental results obtained in normal and pathological cases will help build and validate a better mechanical finite element model of the pelvic system.
Genomics and Ecophysiology of Heterotrophic Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria Isolated from Estuarine Surface Water
Authors: Bentzon-Tilia Mikkel , Severin Ina , Hansen Lars H. , Riemann Lasse 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT

The ability to reduce atmospheric nitrogen (N
2
) to ammonia, known as N
2
fixation, is a widely distributed trait among prokaryotes that accounts for an essential input of new N to a multitude of environments. Nitrogenase reductase gene (
nifH
) composition suggests that putative N
2
-fixing heterotrophic organisms are widespread in marine bacterioplankton, but their autecology and ecological significance are unknown. Here, we report genomic and ecophysiology data in relation to N
2
fixation by three environmentally relevant heterotrophic bacteria isolated from Baltic Sea surface water:
Pseudomonas stutzeri
strain BAL361 and
Raoultella ornithinolytica
strain BAL286, which are gammaproteobacteria, and
Rhodopseudomonas palustris
strain BAL398, an alphaproteobacterium. Genome sequencing revealed that all were metabolically versatile and that the gene clusters encoding the N
2
fixation complex varied in length and complexity between isolates. All three isolates could sustain growth by N
2
fixation in the absence of reactive N, and this fixation was stimulated by low concentrations of oxygen in all three organisms (≈4 to 40 µmol O
2
liter
−1
).
P. stutzeri
BAL361 did, however, fix N at up to 165 µmol O
2
liter
−1
, presumably accommodated through aggregate formation. Glucose stimulated N
2
fixation in general, and reactive N repressed N
2
fixation, except that ammonium (NH
4
+
) stimulated N
2
fixation in
R. palustris
BAL398, indicating the use of nitrogenase as an electron sink. The lack of correlations between nitrogenase reductase gene expression and ethylene (C
2
H
4
) production indicated tight posttranscriptional-level control. The N
2
fixation rates obtained suggested that, given the right conditions, these heterotrophic diazotrophs could contribute significantly to
in situ
rates.

IMPORTANCE
The biological process of importing atmospheric N
2
is of paramount importance in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. In the oceans, a diverse array of prokaryotes seemingly carry the genetic capacity to perform this process, but lack of knowledge about their autecology and the factors that constrain their N
2
fixation hamper an understanding of their ecological importance in marine waters. The present study documents a high variability of genomic and ecophysiological properties related to N
2
fixation in three heterotrophic isolates obtained from estuarine surface waters and shows that these organisms fix N
2
under a surprisingly broad range of conditions and at significant rates. The observed intricate regulation of N
2
fixation for the isolates indicates that indigenous populations of heterotrophic diazotrophs have discrete strategies to cope with environmental controls of N
2
fixation. Hence, community-level generalizations about the regulation of N
2
fixation in marine heterotrophic bacterioplankton may be problematic.
Prevalence and predictors of alcohol use during pregnancy: findings from international multicentre cohort studies
Authors: O'Keeffe Linda M , Kearney Patricia M , McCarthy Fergus P , Khashan Ali S , Greene Richard A , North Robyn A , Poston Lucilla , McCowan Lesley M E , Baker Philip N , Dekker Gus A , Walker James J , Taylor Rennae , Kenny Louise C 
Published: July 2015

ObjectivesTo compare the prevalence and predictors of alcohol use in multiple cohorts.DesignCross-cohort comparison of retrospective and prospective studies.SettingPopulation-based studies in Ireland, the UK, Australia and New Zealand.Participants17 244 women of predominantly Caucasian origin from two Irish retrospective studies (Growing up in Ireland (GUI) and Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System Ireland (PRAMS Ireland)), and one multicentre prospective international cohort, Screening for Pregnancy Endpoints (SCOPE) study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrevalence of alcohol use pre-pregnancy and during pregnancy across cohorts. Sociodemographic factors associated with alcohol consumption in each cohort.ResultsAlcohol consumption during pregnancy in Ireland ranged from 20% in GUI to 80% in SCOPE, and from 40% to 80% in Australia, New Zealand and the UK. Levels of exposure also varied substantially among drinkers in each cohort ranging from 70% consuming more than 1–2 units/week in the first trimester in SCOPE Ireland, to 46% and 15% in the retrospective studies. Smoking during pregnancy was the most consistent predictor of gestational alcohol use in all three cohorts, and smokers were 17% more likely to drink during pregnancy in SCOPE, relative risk (RR)=1.17 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.22), 50% more likely to drink during pregnancy in GUI, RR=1.50 (95% CI 1.36 to 1.65), and 42% more likely to drink in PRAMS, RR=1.42 (95% CI 1.18 to 1.70).ConclusionsOur data suggest that alcohol use during pregnancy is prevalent and socially pervasive in the UK, Ireland, New Zealand and Australia. New policy and interventions are required to reduce alcohol prevalence both prior to and during pregnancy. Further research on biological markers and conventions for measuring alcohol use in pregnancy is required to improve the validity and reliability of prevalence estimates.
An eastern Mediterranean analogue for the Late Palaeozoic evolution of the Pangaean suture zone in SW Iberia
Authors: Murphy J. Brendan , Braid James A. , Quesada Cecilio , Dahn Dustin , Gladney Evan , Dupuis Nicolle 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

It has long been recognized that the Late Palaeozoic evolution of SW Iberia preserves a record of terrane accretion, collision and suturing between Laurussia (South Portuguese Zone) and Gondwana (Ossa Morena Zone), which is one of the key events in the development of the Variscan orogen and the amalgamation of Pangea. The suture zone (Pulo do Lobo Zone) is classically considered to be an accretionary complex and is characterized by an assemblage of greenschist facies, polydeformed and imbricated meta-sedimentary rocks, mélanges and mafic complexes. However, recent work has shown some of the metasedimentary rocks and mélange were probaby derived from neither the upper nor the lower plates. Mafic complexes in the mélange have NMORB compositions, highly depleted Sm–Nd isotopic signatures and geochronological data imply that their protoliths probably formed prior to
c.
354 Ma. Geochronological data also imply that components of the mafic mélange contain a volumetrically minor amount of ancient continental detritus. The Pulo do Lobo Zone together with the two bounding units (South Portuguese and Ossa Morena zones) were also intruded by
c.
360–310 Ma composite plutons and related dykes ranging from gabbro to granite in composition. The oldest phases of these intrusions are syn- to late-tectonic with respect to the deformation. Taken together these recent observations suggest that much of the tectonic evolution of the Pulo do Lobo Zone post-dates the onset of collisional tectonics elsewhere in the Variscan orogen, suggesting that its evolution was dominated by subduction in relatively narrow tracts of oceanic lithosphere. This scenario may be broadly analogous to the complex Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the eastern Mediterranean oceanic tracts relative to the ongoing collision between the African, Eurasian and Arabian plates.
Molecular Pathways: Is AMPK a Friend or a Foe in Cancer?
Authors: Hardie D. Grahame 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy status expressed in essentially all eukaryotic cells. Once activated by energetic stress via a mechanism that detects increases in AMP:ATP and ADP:ATP ratios, AMPK acts to restore energy homeostasis by switching on catabolic pathways that generate ATP, while switching off ATP-consuming processes, including anabolic pathways required for cell growth and proliferation. AMPK activation promotes the glucose-sparing, oxidative metabolism utilized by most quiescent cells, rather than the rapid glucose uptake and glycolysis used by most proliferating cells. Numerous pharmacologic activators of AMPK are known, including drugs in long use such as salicylate and metformin, and there is evidence that regular use of either of the latter provides protection against development of cancer. Tumor cells appear to be under selection pressure to downregulate AMPK, thus limiting its restraining influence on cell growth and proliferation, and several interesting mechanisms by which this occurs are discussed. Paradoxically, however, a complete loss of AMPK function, which appears to be rare in human cancers, may be deleterious to survival of tumor cells. AMPK can therefore be either a friend or a foe in cancer, depending on the context. Clin Cancer Res; 21(17); 3836–40. ©2015 AACR.
Impact of Catheter Contact Force on Human Left Atrial Electrogram Characteristics in Sinus Rhythm and Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Ullah Waqas , Hunter Ross J. , Baker Victoria , Ling Liang-Han , Dhinoja Mehul B. , Sporton Simon , Earley Mark J. , Schilling Richard J. 
Published: July 2015

Background—
During left atrial mapping, optimal contact parameters minimizing variation secondary to catheter contact are not established.

Methods and Results—

Across 30 patients undergoing first-time atrial fibrillation ablation, 1965 stable mapping points (1409 atrial fibrillation, 556 sinus rhythm), comprising 8-s contact force (CF) and bipolar electrogram data were analyzed. Points were taken in groups at locations with CF or catheter orientation actively changed between acquisitions. Complexes were less positive at higher CF (Spearman ρ, −0.2;
P
<0.005, both rhythms). Increasing CF at a location significantly increased complex size, but only where initial CF was <10 g, and if the change was ≥4.5 g in sinus rhythm and ≥8 g in atrial fibrillation (
P
<0.0005, both rhythms): if initial CF was ≥10 g, no change was observed, regardless of CF change (
P
>0.05, both). Atrial ectopics during sinus rhythm were observed more frequently when CF was ≥10 g (
P
<0.0005). Increasing CF at a location was associated with an increase in the complex fractionated atrial electrogram interval confidence level score, but only if initial CF was <10 g and CF increased ≥8 g (
P
=0.003). The dominant frequency and organization index were unaffected by CF (
P
>0.1 for both). Changing catheter orientation from perpendicular to parallel in atrial fibrillation was associated with smaller, more positive complexes (
P
=0.001 for both), but no changes in complex fractionated atrial electrogram scores, dominant frequency or organization index (
P
>0.08 for each).

Conclusions—
During left atrial electrogram mapping, including complex fractionated atrial electrogram but not spectral parameter mapping, CF and catheter orientation influence results: consequently, mapping CFs should be ≥10 g to negate the influence of CF.

Clinical Trials Registration—

URL:
http://clinicaltrials.gov/
. Unique identifier: NCT01587404.
Intracranial Hemorrhage After Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Ögren Joachim , Irewall Anna-Lotta , Bergström Lisa , Mooe Thomas 
Published: July 2015

Background—
Epidemiological data on the risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICrH) after ischemic stroke are sparse. The aims of this study were to describe incidence, trends over time, and predictors of ICrH within 1 year after ischemic stroke.

Methods and Results—
All patients registered in the Swedish stroke register Riksstroke for 1998 to 2009 were included (n=196 765), and data were combined with the National Patient Register to identify ICrH occurrence. A matched reference population was obtained. Incidence rates and cumulative incidences were calculated. Multivariable regression analyses were used to identify predictors. Analyses were performed separately for the first 30 days and days 31 to 365 after ischemic stroke. The incidence rate was 1.97% per year at risk for the first year (0.13% in the reference population) and 0.85% excluding the first 30 days. Over time, the cumulative incidence increased the first 30 days but decreased over days 31 to 365. Thrombolysis, previous ICrH, atrial fibrillation, and male sex were associated with increased risk of ICrH during the first 30 days. Previous ICrH, increasing age, and male sex were associated with increased risk during days 31 to 365. Statins and antithrombotic treatment did not independently predict ICrH occurrence.

Conclusions—
The incidence of ICrH within 1 year after ischemic stroke was ≈2% per year at risk, about 15 times higher compared with the reference population. Over the study period, ICrH risk increased within the first 30 days but decreased thereafter. Previous ICrH, thrombolysis, and male sex affected the risk, whereas an increased use of antithrombotic treatments and statins did not.
Clinical Prediction Models for Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Wessler Benjamin S. , Lai YH Lana , Kramer Whitney , Cangelosi Michael , Raman Gowri , Lutz Jennifer S. , Kent David M. 
Published: July 2015

Background—
Clinical prediction models (CPMs) estimate the probability of clinical outcomes and hold the potential to improve decision making and individualize care. For patients with cardiovascular disease, there are numerous CPMs available although the extent of this literature is not well described.

Methods and Results—
We conducted a systematic review for articles containing CPMs for cardiovascular disease published between January 1990 and May 2012. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, stroke, venous thromboembolism, and peripheral vascular disease. We created a novel database and characterized CPMs based on the stage of development, population under study, performance, covariates, and predicted outcomes. There are 796 models included in this database. The number of CPMs published each year is increasing steadily over time. Seven hundred seventeen (90%) are de novo CPMs, 21 (3%) are CPM recalibrations, and 58 (7%) are CPM adaptations. This database contains CPMs for 31 index conditions, including 215 CPMs for patients with coronary artery disease, 168 CPMs for population samples, and 79 models for patients with heart failure. There are 77 distinct index/outcome pairings. Of the de novo models in this database, 450 (63%) report a c-statistic and 259 (36%) report some information on calibration.

Conclusions—
There is an abundance of CPMs available for a wide assortment of cardiovascular disease conditions, with substantial redundancy in the literature. The comparative performance of these models, the consistency of effects and risk estimates across models and the actual and potential clinical impact of this body of literature is poorly understood.
Reduction of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Contrast of Acute Ischemic Stroke at Short Diffusion Times
Authors: Baron Corey Allan , Kate Mahesh , Gioia Laura , Butcher Kenneth , Emery Derek , Budde Matthew , Beaulieu Christian 
Published: July 2015

Background and Purpose—
Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) of tissue water is a sensitive and specific indicator of acute brain ischemia, where reductions of the diffusion of tissue water are observed acutely in the stroke lesion core. Although these diffusion changes have been long attributed to cell swelling, the precise nature of the biophysical mechanisms remains uncertain.

Methods—
The potential cause of diffusion reductions after stroke was investigated using an advanced DWI technique, oscillating gradient spin-echo DWI, that enables much shorter diffusion times and can improve specificity for alterations of structure at the micron level.

Results—
Diffusion measurements in the white matter lesions of patients with acute ischemic stroke were reduced by only 8% using oscillating gradient spin-echo DWI, in contrast to a 37% decrease using standard DWI. Neurite beading has recently been proposed as a mechanism for the diffusion changes after ischemic stroke with some ex vivo evidence. To explore whether beading could cause such differential results, simulations of beaded cylinders and axonal swelling were performed, yielding good agreement with experiment.

Conclusions—
Short diffusion times result in dramatically reduced diffusion contrast of human stroke. Simulations implicate a combination of neuronal beading and axonal swelling as the key structural changes leading to the reduced apparent diffusion coefficient after stroke.
New records and range-extension of the swimming crab Xiphonectes pseudohastatoides (Yang & Tang, 2006) (Brachyura, Portunidae)
Authors: Koch M. , Chong V. C. , Sasekumar A. , Ďuriš Z. 
Published: July 2015

During an examination of swimming crabs of the Xiphonectes hastatoides species-complex from Malaysia and Vietnam, a series of specimens of Xiphonectes pseudohastatoides (Yang & Tang, 2006) was identified. This small-sized species was recognized based on its flattened pilose carapace with typical shape of its frontal teeth, a pair of long posterior lateral teeth and sharp posterolateral angles forming spines, ‘T’-shaped male abdomen with widely fused segments, and strongly curved first male pleopods. These specimens represent the first record of X. pseudohastatoides outside the northern part of the South China Sea, and thus, an extension of the known species range to central Vietnam and northeastern peninsular Malaysia. A short description and photographs are provided for the examined specimens.