bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with type 2 diabetes and its correlates: a cross-sectional, matched case–control survey
Authors: Heydarzadeh Fatemeh , Mohammadi Fatemeh , Yadegar Amirhossein , Mohammadi Naeini Ali , Nabipoorashrafi Seyed Ali , Rabizadeh Soghra , Esteghamati Alireza , Nakhjavani Manouchehr 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
So far, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and mortality were shown to have a U-shaped relationship. Additionally, high HDL-C levels increase the risk of developing a variety of diseases. However, a paucity of data exists regarding the characteristics of people with high HDL-C levels. The aim of this study was to assess the demographics and characteristics of patients with high HDL-C levels and compare their features with normal and low HDL-C groups.

Methods
As a cross-sectional, matched case–control study, a total of 510 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) were enrolled in the study and categorized into three matched groups according to their HDL-C concentrations. The studied groups were matched by their age and gender. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves were designed to evaluate the relationship between height, blood pressure, triglyceride, and vitamin D concentrations with the probability of having high HDL-C levels. Furthermore, violin plots were conducted to illustrate the distribution of continuous variables within each group.

Results
This study showed that having high HDL-C (more than 70 mg/dL) compared to having low HDL-C (less than 40 mg/dL in men and 50 mg/dL in women) was significantly associated with height (OR 0.918, 95% CI 0.866–0.974), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (0.941, 0.910–0.972), vitamin D (0.970, 0.941–0.999), and triglyceride (0.992, 0.987–0.998) serum concentrations. Further analysis investigated that having high HDL-C levels compared to desired HDL-C levels (40 ≤ HDL-C levels < 70 in men and 50 ≤ HDL-C levels < 70 in women) was inversely associated with having SPB values greater than 130 mmHg. Besides, sufficient vitamin D levels (above 20 ng/ml) could 0.349 times decrease the odds of having high HDL-C versus normal HDL-C levels.

Conclusion
Sufficient vitamin D levels, SPB values higher than 130 mmHg, as well as increased triglyceride levels, were inversely associated with having high HDL levels. However, higher height values were associated with a decreased likelihood of having high HDL.
Xeropthalmia and optic neuropathy secondary to ARFID: a case report
Authors: Chia Aletheia ZH , Ann Lim Su , Sim Bryan , Davis Courtney 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) commonly present with loss of weight or faltering growth in the setting of poor nutrition. However, patients with ARFID can present with micronutrient deficiencies without weight loss. In patients with ARFID, clinicians should be vigilant for micronutrient deficiencies and their presentations.

Case presentation
We report a unique case of ARFID in a twelve-year-old girl, who developed micronutrient deficiencies and presented with acute visual loss with a preceding history of impaired night vision. Ophthalmic examination revealed xerophthalmia and bilateral optic neuropathy. Investigations showed severe Vitamin A and folate deficiencies which accounted for her clinical findings. In addition, she was also found to have low Vitamin B12, copper, and Vitamin D levels. She had a history of selective eating from a young age with a diet consisting largely of carbohydrates, with no regular intake of meat, dairy, fruit and vegetables. This was not driven by weight or body image concerns. The patient’s symptoms improved significantly with appropriate vitamin replacement and continued multidisciplinary care.

Conclusions
This report describes a patient with ARFID presenting with visual complaints. In this case, the selective eating behaviours resulted in xeropthalmia and optic neuropathy. Micronutrient deficiencies are uncommon in developed countries. When these deficiencies are suspected, eating disorders, such as ARFID, should be considered. Similarly, clinicians caring for patients with restrictive eating disorders including ARFID should be familiar with the clinical presentations of various micronutrient deficiencies and consider evaluation and treatment for micronutrient deficiencies when clinically indicated.
Automation of Wilms’ tumor segmentation by artificial intelligence
Authors: Hild Olivier , Berriet Pierre , Nallet Jérémie , Salvi Lorédane , Lenoir Marion , Henriet Julien , Thiran Jean-Philippe , Auber Frédéric , Chaussy Yann 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
3D reconstruction of Wilms’ tumor provides several advantages but are not systematically performed because manual segmentation is extremely time-consuming. The objective of our study was to develop an artificial intelligence tool to automate the segmentation of tumors and kidneys in children.

Methods
A manual segmentation was carried out by two experts on 14 CT scans. Then, the segmentation of Wilms’ tumor and neoplastic kidney was automatically performed using the CNN U-Net and the same CNN U-Net trained according to the OV2ASSION method. The time saving for the expert was estimated depending on the number of sections automatically segmented.

Results
When segmentations were performed manually by two experts, the inter-individual variability resulted in a Dice index of 0.95 for tumor and 0.87 for kidney. Fully automatic segmentation with the CNN U-Net yielded a poor Dice index of 0.69 for Wilms’ tumor and 0.27 for kidney. With the OV2ASSION method, the Dice index varied depending on the number of manually segmented sections. For the segmentation of the Wilms’ tumor and neoplastic kidney, it varied respectively from 0.97 to 0.94 for a gap of 1 (2 out of 3 sections performed manually) to 0.94 and 0.86 for a gap of 10 (1 section out of 6 performed manually).

Conclusion
Fully automated segmentation remains a challenge in the field of medical image processing. Although it is possible to use already developed neural networks, such as U-Net, we found that the results obtained were not satisfactory for segmentation of neoplastic kidneys or Wilms’ tumors in children. We developed an innovative CNN U-Net training method that makes it possible to segment the kidney and its tumor with the same precision as an expert while reducing their intervention time by 80%.
MRI-guided in-bore biopsy of the prostate – defining the optimal number of cores needed
Authors: Gross Moritz , Eisenhuber Edith , Assinger Petra , Schima Raphael , Susani Martin , Doblhammer Stefan , Schima Wolfgang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Numerous studies have shown that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted biopsy approaches are superior to traditional systematic transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy (TRUS-Bx). The optimal number of biopsy cores to be obtained per lesion identified on multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) images, however, remains a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incremental value of additional biopsy cores in an MRI-targeted “in-bore”-biopsy (MRI-Bx) setting.

Patients and methods
Two hundred and forty-five patients, who underwent MRI-Bx between June 2014 and September 2021, were included in this retrospective single-center analysis. All lesions were biopsied with at least five biopsy cores and cumulative detection rates for any cancer (PCa) as well as detection rates of clinically significant cancers (csPCa) were calculated for each sequentially labeled biopsy core. The cumulative per-core detection rates are presented as whole numbers and as proportion of the maximum detection rate reached, when all biopsy cores were considered. CsPCa was defined as Gleason Score (GS) ≥ 7 (3 + 4).

Results
One hundred and thirty-two of 245 Patients (53.9%) were diagnosed with prostate cancer and csPCa was found in 64 (26.1%) patients. The first biopsy core revealed csPCa/ PCa in 76.6% (49/64)/ 81.8% (108/132) of cases. The second, third and fourth core found csPCa/ PCa not detected by previous cores in 10.9% (7/64)/ 8.3% (11/132), 7.8% (5/64)/ 5.3% (7/132) and 3.1% (2/64)/ 3% (4/132) of cases, respectively. Obtaining one or more cores beyond the fourth biopsy core resulted in an increase in detection rate of 1.6% (1/64)/ 1.5% (2/132).

Conclusion
We found that obtaining five cores per lesion maximized detection rates. If, however, future research should establish a clear link between the incidence of serious complications and the number of biopsy cores obtained, a three-core biopsy might suffice as our results suggest that about 95% of all csPCa are detected by the first three cores.
Study on dynamic mechanism of granular flow erosion and entrainment based on DEM theory
Authors: He Xurong , Hu Xiewen , Huo Zihao , Tang Jianfeng , Zhang Shilin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Granular flows are common on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and the Hengduan Mountains in China, and their dynamic process processes have obvious erosional and entrainment effects. On the one hand, the volume of the granular flow increases by a factor of several or ten, which significantly increases its ability to cause a catastrophe; on the other hand, the eroded loose material affects the granular flow dynamics process and changes its state of motion.

Methods
In this paper, the dynamic mechanism of granular flow erosion and entrainment is investigated by DEM simulation.

Purpose
The effects of different substrate materials and substrate boundary conditions on granular flow erosion and entrainment are analyzed, and the effects of material mixing caused by erosion and entrainment on the state of motion of granular flow are discussed. It was verified that the kinetic mechanisms of granular flow erosion and entrainment includes impact erosion, ploughing, and shear abrasion.

Results
And discovered that small matrix particle size, small matrix boundary friction, and small matrix thickness lead to stronger ploughing and shear abrasion; Large matrix fractal dimensions result in stronger ploughing and weaker shear abrasion, and the granular flow does not entrain large amounts of material to the accumulation zone. Meanwhile, the dynamics of erosion and entrainment of granular flow were investigated, and the results showed that: 1. The greater the erosion rate, the greater the velocity and kinetic energy of the granular flow, the greater the distance traveled, and the smaller the apparent friction angle (i.e., the greater the mobility). 2. The amount of small granules in a granular flow changes its fluidity, the more small granules there are, the more fluid it is. 3. The fit reveals that the substrate fractal dimension has the strongest effect on the velocity and kinetic energy of granular flow, followed by substrate thickness and substrate boundary friction.
Impact of polypharmacy on 3-year mortality in patients with heart failure: a retrospective study
Authors: Hayashi Daisuke , Kubota Yoshiaki , Nishino Takuya , Watanabe Yukihiro , Iwade Yoshiki , Matsuda Junya , Kato Katsuhito , Tara Shuhei , Ise Yuya , Iwasaki Yu-ki , Asai Kuniya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) is important in heart failure management; however, polypharmacy itself may impact heart failure. Although measures against polypharmacy are needed, current discussion on unilateral drug tapering (including the drugs that should be tapered) is insufficient. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the number of prescribed GDMT drugs and prognosis in patients with heart failure.

Methods
In this single-centre retrospective study, 3,146 eligible patients with heart failure were included and divided into four groups based on the median number of prescribed GDMT drugs and the median number of drugs not included in the GDMT (ni-GDMT) at the time of hospital discharge. The definition of GDMT was based on various Japanese guidelines. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality within 3 years of hospital discharge.

Results
A total of 252 deaths were observed during the 3-year follow-up period. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that groups with GDMT drug count ≥ 5 and ni-GDMT drug count < 4 had the lowest mortality, and those with GDMT drug count < 5 and ni-GDMT drug count ≥ 4 had the highest mortality (log-rank, P < 0.001). Cox regression analysis revealed a significant association between ni-GDMT drug count and all-cause mortality, even after adjustment for number of GDMT medications, age, male, left ventricular ejection function < 40%, hemoglobin, albumin levels, and estimated glomerular filtration rate [HR = 1.06 (95% CI: 1.01–1.11), P = 0.020]. Conversely, the GDMT drug count was not associated with increased mortality rates.

Conclusions
The ni-GDMT drug count was significantly associated with 3-year mortality in patients with heart failure. Conversely, the GDMT drug count did not worsen the prognosis. Polypharmacy measures should consider ni-GDMT drug quantity to improve the prognosis and outcomes in patients with heart failure.
FPSO/LNG hawser system lifetime assessment by Gaidai multivariate risk assessment method
Authors: Gaidai Oleg , Cao Yu , Ashraf Alia , Sheng Jinlu , Zhu Yan , Liu Zirui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFloating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) unit being an offshore vessel, storing and producing crude oil, prior to crude oil being transported by accompanying shuttle tanker. Critical mooring/hawser strains during offloading operation have to be accurately predicted, in order to maintain operational safety and reliability. During certain types of offloading, excessive hawser tensions may occur, causing operational risks. Current study examines FPSO vessel’s dynamic reactions to hydrodynamic wave-induced loads, given realistic in situ environmental conditions, utilizing the AQWA software package. Current study advocates novel multi-dimensional spatiotemporal risks assessment approach, that is particularly well suited for large dataset analysis, based on numerical simulations (or measurements). Advocated multivariate reliability methodology may be useful for a variety of marine and offshore systems that must endure severe environmental stressors during their intended operational lifespan. Methodology, presented in this study provides advanced capability to efficiently, yet accurately evaluate dynamic system failure, hazard and damage risks, given representative dynamic record of multidimensional system’s inter-correlated critical components. Gaidai risk assessment method being novel dynamic multidimensional system’s lifetime assessment methodology. In order to validate and benchmark Gaidai risk assessment method, in this study it was applied to FPSO and potentially LNG (i.e., Liquid Natural Gas) vessels dynamics. Major advantage of the advocated approach is that there are no existing alternative risk assessment methods, able to tackle unlimited number of system’s dimensions. Accurate multi-dimensional risk assessment had been carried out, based on numerically simulated data, partially verified by available laboratory experiments. Confidence intervals had been given for predicted dynamic high-dimensional system risk levels.
Deciphering the fiber quality of Gossypium barbadense L. var. brasiliensis in La Convención, Cusco, Perú
Authors: MORALES-ARANIBAR Luis , SÁENZ Manuel Canto , MORALES-ARANIBAR Carlos Genaro , RIVERA Marite Yulisa Nieves , AGUILERA Jorge González , STEINER Fábio , BARDIVIESSO Diógenes Martins , ZUFFO Alan Mario 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The quality of cotton fiber determines its value in the textile market, influencing agricultural profitability and the efficiency of textile processing. The selection of genotypes with superior fibers is a key factor for genetic improvement programs seeking adaptability and sustainability in the face of climate change. This demonstrates the strategic importance of this plant for sustainable agriculture and the global textile industry. The objective of this research was to decipher the fiber quality of Gossypium barbadense var. brasiliensis in the native Amazonian communities of La Convención, Cusco-Perú, and to evaluate other critical aspects of native cotton that have not yet been identified. The methodology included non-probability sampling for accessibility, qualitative and quantitative analyses, and multivariate analyses. The fiber length (mm), micronaire index (maturity/fineness), fiber strength (gf/tex), length uniformity index (%), fiber elongation (%), maturation index (%), and short fiber index (%) were the fiber characteristics evaluated using the HVI method in cotton genotypes.

Results
Cotton accessions collected from Koribeni (Gossypium spp.) and Shivankoreni (Gossypium barbadense var. brasiliensis) stood out for their fiber quality properties, especially length, strength, and uniformity, which highlights their relevance for advanced textile applications and potential for use in plant genetic improvement programs.

Conclusion
These findings reinforce the need to conserve and study these native cotton accessions from the Peruvian Amazon region, which can offer promising perspectives for the textile industry and agricultural biodiversity.
Determinants of financial literacy: a systematic review and future research directions
Authors: Rehman Khurram , Mia Md Aslam 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFinancial literacy is considered an essential attribute for individuals and businesses to make optimal decisions. Considering the importance of financial literacy and the dearth of rigorous summaries in the existing literature on this topic, this study aims to investigate the factors affecting financial literacy. In doing so, we conducted a systematic review by selecting 53 papers from the Scopus database published between 1981 and 2024. Our investigation revealed that financial literacy is a multidimensional concept, and its determinants can be summarized into seven dimensions, namely demographic, socio-economic, psychological, financial, societal, Islamic, and technological factors. While demographic and socio-economic factors are widely used, psychological, financial, societal, and Islamic factors have received less attention from researchers. Nevertheless, the integration of technology into financial markets has recently drawn interest in the technological facet of financial literacy. Additionally, we analyzed the most influential papers and co-authorship networks in financial literacy research, providing a network analysis of existing studies. We further suggest that religious and technological factors, specifically Islamic financial literacy and digital financial literacy, may also influence financial literacy and deserve further investigation.
Phase I study of TQB3728 tablets, an oral inhibitor of apoptosis proteins in patients with advanced solid tumor.
Authors: Zheng Qiufan , Li Su , Xia Wen , Hong Ruoxi , Jiang Kuikui , Huang Jiajia , Xu Fei , Tu Lifan , Tang Shaonan , Huang Mengjia , Wang Shusen 
Published: July 2024

e13104 Background: Apoptosis proteins are frequently upregulated in human cancers and are associated with resistance to therapeutic agents and poor outcomes. TQB3728 antagonizes the function of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), thereby inhibiting NF-кB signaling pathways and promoting cancer cell death. This first-in-human study aims to evaluate the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and antitumor activity of TQB3728 in patients with advanced solid tumors after the failure of standard therapy. Methods: This study combined an accelerated dose titration design with a 3+3 dose escalation design. Three dosage schedules were explored. First of all, TQB3728 was given orally once a week, on a 28-day cycle (DS1). The starting dose of 25mg was escalated by 100% in a single patient until the third dose, then diverted to a 3+3 dose escalation design. The other two dosage schedules were TQB3728 given once daily on days 1-14 every 3 weeks (DS2) and daily every 4 weeks (DS3). The primary endpoint was safety, maximum tolerated or maximum administered dose (MTD), and the secondary endpoints were pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and tumor response per RECIST v1.1. Results: As of Dec 15, 2023, 23 patients (pts) received at least one dose of TQB3728 (dose range, 25 to 600mg). Based on the pharmacokinetics and safety of DS1, then DS2 (dose range, 100 to 200mg) and DS3 (dose range, 100 to 200mg) were investigated. The median follow-up period was 8.5m (range, 0.5 to 25m). No dose-limited toxicity and cytokine release syndrome were observed. The main treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were nausea (56.5%), lymphopenia (56.5%), dizziness (39.1%), hypersomnia (34.8%), increased aspartate aminotransferase (30.4%), increased alanine aminotransferase (26.1%), vomiting (26.1%), anemia (21.7%), decreased appetite (21.7%), and grade≥3 TRAE were lymphopenia (8.7%), anemia (4.4%). As for DS1, the average Tmax and t1/2 were 2 h and 9.6 h, respectively. The exposure did not increase with the dose above 150mg. Moreover, the average Tmax was about 2.3 h and 0.8 h, and t1/2 was 6.6 h and 7 h in DS2 and DS3, respectively. There was no significant accumulation with continuous medication. Additionally, Plasma MCP-1 increased at 3-6h postdose at high dose; cIAP-1 levels in PBMCs were undetected. Two pts (8.7%) had stable disease >6 weeks as the best treatment response. Conclusions: TQB3728 was well tolerated at doses up to 600mg but had limited anti-tumor activity in advanced solid tumor. According to the preliminary results, TQB3728 administered orally in combination with conventional chemo-radiotherapy is under exploration. Clinical trial information: NCT04523285 .