bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of ketamine on the cardiopulmonary effects of intramuscular administration of dexmedetomidine-buprenorphine with subsequent reversal with atipamezole in dogs
Authors: Ko Jeff C. , Barletta Michele , Sen Ismail , Weil Ann B. , Krimins Rebecca A. , Payton Mark E. , Constable Peter 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Objective—To compare the cardiorespiratory effects of IM administration of dexmedetomidine-buprenorphine (DB) and dexmedetomidine-buprenorphine-ketamine (DBK) in dogs with subsequent reversal with atipamezole.
Design—Prospective, randomized crossover study.
Animals—5 healthy dogs.
Procedures—Dogs were instrumented for cardiac output (CO) measurement and received DB (15 μg of dexmedetomidine/kg [6.8 μg/lb] and 40 μg of buprenorphine/kg [18.2 μg/lb]) or DBK (DB plus 3 mg of ketamine/kg [1.36 mg/lb]) in randomized order while breathing room air. Atipamezole (150 μg/kg [68.2 μg/lb], IM) was administered 1 hour later. Hemodynamic data were collected in the conscious dogs and then at 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after drug administration. Lactate concentration was measured in mixed venous blood samples. Oxygen delivery (Do2) and oxygen consumption (o2) were calculated.
Results—Heart rate (HR), CO, and Do2 decreased after DB and DBK administration. The o2 did not change in the DB group but decreased in the DBK group. The HR was higher in the DBK group than in the DB group throughout the study, but the CO, Do2, and o2 values were similar for the 2 groups. Blood lactate concentrations remained low (< 1 mmol/L) throughout the study. Arterial hypoxemia and hypercapnea occurred in both groups. Mean arterial blood pressure and pulmonary artery wedge pressure were markedly increased in both groups, but to a greater extent in the DBK group. After atipamezole administration, HR, CO, and Do2 returned to the baseline values.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Adding ketamine to the DB combination allowed dogs to maintain a higher HR and delayed the onset of sinus arrhythmias but failed to provide a significantly higher CO because of a reduction in stroke volume.
Observing lake- and river-ice decay with SAR: advantages and limitations of the unsupervised k-means classification approach
Authors: Sobiech Jennifer , Dierking Wolfgang 
Published: January 2013

AbstractLarge parts of the Arctic are covered by water bodies. Ice covers on lakes and rivers prohibit the exchange of heat and water vapor between the water body and the atmosphere. With melt onset, the ecosystem is subjected to changes, making it important to monitor the ice decay. As ground-based monitoring of these vast uninhabited areas is expensive and thus restricted to a few locations, remote-sensing techniques need to be applied. Here we evaluate the performance of the unsupervised k-means classification for dividing ice and water fractions on lakes and river channels from spaceborne radar data in comparison to threshold-based methods. The analysis is based on six TerraSAR-X and three RADARSAT-2 images, obtained during spring 2011 over the central Lena Delta in northern Siberia. The performance of the k-means classification is found to be similar to a fixed-threshold approach. As the k-means classification does not need prior statistical backscatter analyses to account for the radar configuration and ice conditions, it is easier to use than the threshold method. In addition, we found that the application of a low-pass filter prior to the classification of river channels and a closing filter on the classification results of lakes strongly improves the overall classification results.
GM-CSF Produced by Nonhematopoietic Cells Is Required for Early Epithelial Cell Proliferation and Repair of Injured Colonic Mucosa
Authors: Egea Laia , McAllister Christopher S. , Lakhdari Omar , Minev Ivelina , Shenouda Steve , Kagnoff Martin F. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
GM-CSF is a growth factor that promotes the survival and activation of macrophages and granulocytes, as well as dendritic cell differentiation and survival in vitro. The mechanism by which exogenous GM-CSF ameliorates the severity of Crohn’s disease in humans and colitis in murine models has mainly been considered to reflect its activity on myeloid cells. We used GM-CSF–deficient (GM-CSF−/−) mice to probe the functional role of endogenous host-produced GM-CSF in a colitis model induced after injury to the colon epithelium. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), at doses that resulted in little epithelial damage and mucosal ulceration in wild type mice, caused marked colon ulceration and delayed ulcer healing in GM-CSF−/− mice. Colon crypt epithelial cell proliferation in vivo was significantly decreased in GM-CSF−/− mice at early times after DSS injury. This was paralleled by decreased expression of crypt epithelial cell genes involved in cell cycle, proliferation, and wound healing. Decreased crypt cell proliferation and delayed ulcer healing in GM-CSF−/− mice were rescued by exogenous GM-CSF, indicating the lack of a developmental abnormality in the epithelial cell proliferative response in those mice. Nonhematopoietic cells, and not myeloid cells, produced the GM-CSF important for colon epithelial proliferation after DSS-induced injury, as revealed by bone marrow chimera and dendritic cell–depletion experiments, with colon epithelial cells being the cellular source of GM-CSF. Endogenous epithelial cell–produced GM-CSF has a novel nonredundant role in facilitating epithelial cell proliferation and ulcer healing in response to injury of the colon crypt epithelium.
The Inhibin B Response to the Testicular Toxicant 1, 3 Dinitrobenzene in Male Rats
Authors: Sonee Manisha , Bogdan Nancy , Hall LeRoy , Bryant Stewart , Vinken Petra 
Published: January 2013

BACKGROUNDThis study was conducted as part of an ILSI‐HESI International Life Sciences Institute‐Health & Environmental Sciences Institute consortium effort to assess the utility of circulating Inhibin B as an early biomarker of Sertoli cell‐specific testicular toxicity in rats. 1, 3‐Dinitrobenzene (1,3‐DNB) was selected as a testicular toxicant in this study as it is known to target Sertoli cells.METHODS1,3‐DNB (2 and 6 mg/kg/day) or control (corn oil) was administered orally to male rats for two or five consecutive days. Blood was collected from rats treated for 2 days on days 1 and 2 and from rats treated for 5 days on days 1, 3, and 5. The resulting serum was evaluated for Inhibin B and follicle stimulating hormone. At the end of the treatment periods, the testes were removed, weighed, and examined histopathologically.RESULTSDaily administration of 1,3‐DNB resulted in decreased testis weight only on day 5 and only at the high dose (6 mg/kg/day). There was a time‐dependent increase in incidence and severity of testicular findings characterized by degeneration of the germinal epithelium with loss of pachytene spermatocytes and vacuolization of the Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules at the high dose. Inhibin B levels in 1,3‐DNB‐treated animals were decreased with treatment only on day 5 at the high dose; there were no associated changes in follicle stimulating hormone.CONCLUSIONSChanges in serum Inhibin B levels were detected only in association with moderate or severe testicular toxicity as evidenced by histopathology and is therefore considered to be of limited value as a biomarker for Sertoli cell toxicity.
Effect of Silk Protein Processing on Drug Delivery from Silk Films
Authors: Pritchard Eleanor M. , Hu Xiao , Finley Violet , Kuo Catherine K. , Kaplan David L. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractSericin removal from the core fibroin protein of silkworm silk is a critical first step in the use of silk for biomaterial‐related applications, but degumming can affect silk biomaterial properties, including molecular weight, viscosity, diffusivity and degradation behavior. Increasing the degumming time (10, 30, 60, and 90 min) decreases the average molecular weight of silk protein in solution, silk solution viscosity, and silk film glass‐transition temperature, and increases the rate of degradation of a silk film by protease. Model compounds spanning a range of physical‐chemical properties generally show an inverse relationship between degumming time and release rate through a varied degumming time silk coating. Degumming provides a useful control point to manipulate silk's material properties. magnified image
Coming across academic social media content serendipitously
Authors: Dantonio Laura , Makri Stephann , Blandford Ann 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWe wanted to find out whether students come across academic social media content serendipitously and, if so, to gain a detailed understanding of their experiences. To achieve this aim, we conducted semi‐structured Critical Incident interviews with 15 postgraduate students from various disciplines. We found that the students did indeed come across academic social media content serendipitously – often when undertaking unfocused browsing during a break from other academic work. Time investment was identified as an important over‐arching theme: investing time in creating and sharing social media content led to the creation of opportunities for serendipity for both the person creating/sharing the content and others. The interviews also highlighted a time investment trade‐off – where more time spent using social media was perceived to provide greater opportunity for serendipity but, as serendipity can never be guaranteed, it was also perceived to increase the chance that none of the information encountered would contribute to the interviewees' academic research (and therefore would be ‘wasted’ time). We make a number of suggestions for the design of social media tools that create opportunities for serendipity based on our findings.
Investigating positive and negative affects in collaborative information seeking: A pilot study report
Authors: González‐Ibáñez Roberto , Shah Chirag 
Published: January 2013

AbstractEmotions and other affective processes have long been considered a key component in people's life. Despite research conducted in several research domains, little is known about the role of emotions in the information seeking process of both individuals and teams. This poster presents preliminary results from a pilot study conducted in order to evaluate design decisions, experimental protocol, tasks, and the system that will be used in research aiming to investigate the implications of positive and negative affects in the information search process of both individuals and teams. The pilot study involved 12 subjects randomly assigned to five experimental conditions in which a common information search task was performed. In each session, facial expressions, eye tracking data, electrodermal activity, desktop activity, users' actions, and searches as well as communication logs were collected. In addition, as sessions were conducted, observations about subjects' behaviors, system problems, and research protocols were made. Results from this pilot study suggests effects of both positive and negative affects at the level of performance, communication, and perceived difficulty, among other aspects. In addition to these preliminary findings, the poster also contributes a unique methodology, involving a rigorous design, for conducting such user studies.
A tag‐based framework for extracting spoken surrogates
Authors: Kim Hyun Hee 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWe investigated the effectiveness of a tag method for speech summarization and then examined the efficient integration of the tag method with two approaches (an acoustic method and a sentence location approach). Then, we examined the means to present extracted speech summaries. Last, on the basis of our findings and previous studies, we proposed and evaluated a tag‐based framework for generating lecture video speech.
π–π Stacking mediated drug–drug interactions in human CYP2E1
Authors: Liu Yue , Liu Bing‐Ya , Hao Pei , Li Xuan , Li Yi‐Xue , Wang Jing‐Fang 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBecause of having many low molecular mass substrates, CYP2E1 is of particular interests to the pharmaceutical industry. Many evidences showed that this enzyme can adopt multiple substrates to significantly reduce the oxidation rate of the substrates. The detailed mechanism for this observation is still unclear. In the current study, we employed GPU‐accelerated molecular dynamics simulations to study the multiple‐binding mode of human CYP2E1, with an aim of offering a mechanistic explanation for the unexplained multiple‐substrate binding. Our results showed that Thr303 and Phe478 were key factors for the substrate recognition and multiple‐substrate binding. The former can form a significant hydrogen bond to recognize and position the substrate in the productive binding orientation in the active site. The latter acted as a mediator for the substrate communications via π–π stacking interactions. In the multiple‐binding mode, the aforementioned π–π stacking interactions formed by the aromatic rings of both substrates and Phe478 drove the first substrate far away from the catalytic center, orienting in an additional binding position and going against the substrate metabolism. All these findings could give atomic insights into the detailed mechanism for the multiple‐substrate binding in human CYP2E1, providing useful information for the drug metabolism mechanism and personalized use of clinical drugs. Proteins 2013; © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reliability Data Analysis for Life Test Designed Experiments with Sub‐Sampling
Authors: Freeman Laura J. , Vining G. Geoffrey 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTThe ability to model lifetime data from life test experiments is of paramount importance to all manufacturers, engineers and consumers. The Weibull distribution is commonly used to model the data from life tests. Standard Weibull analysis assume completely randomized designs. However, not all life test experiments come from completely randomized designs. Experiments involving sub‐sampling require a method for properly modeling the data. We provide a Weibull nonlinear mixed models (NLLMs) methodology for incorporating random effects in the analysis. We apply this methodology to a reliability life test on glass capacitors. We compare the NLLMs methodology to other available methods for incorporating random effects in reliability analysis. A simulation study reveals the method proposed in this paper is robust to both model misspecification and increasing levels of variance on the random effect. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The quality of parent/child relationships in adolescence is associated with poor adult psychosocial adjustment
Authors: Raudino Alessandra , Fergusson David M. , Horwood L. John 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTThis study used data gathered over the course of a New Zealand longitudinal study (N = 924) to examine the relationships between measures of parental bonding and attachment in adolescence (age 15–16) and later personal adjustment (major depression; anxiety disorder; suicidal behaviour; illicit drug abuse/dependence; crime) assessed up to the age of 30. Key findings included: 1) There were significant (p < 0.05) and pervasive associations between all measures of attachment and bonding and later outcomes. 2) Structural equation modelling showed that all measures of bonding and attachment loaded on a common factor reflecting the quality of parent/child relationships in adolescence. 3) After adjustment for covariates there were modest relationships (β = 0.16–0.17) between the quality of parent/child relationships in adolescence factor and later adjustment. The study findings suggest that the quality of parent/child relationships in adolescence is modestly related to later psychosocial functioning in adulthood.
Transfusion Requirements in Microsurgical Reconstruction in Maxillofacial Surgery: Ethical and Legal Problems of Patients who are Jehovah's Witnesses
Authors: Martin Lorena Pingarron , Arias-Gallo Javier , Perez-Chrzanowska Hanna , Seco Pilar Ruiz , Moro Javier Gonzalez M. , Burgueño-Garcia Miguel 
Published: January 2013

Objective To study transfusion requirements in patients with cancer undergoing head and neck reconstructive surgery and to discuss surgical and anesthetic strategies to reduce blood loss when the patient is a Jehovah's Witness. Material and Methods A descriptive study to expose the percentage of blood transfusions performed in patients with cancer undergoing microsurgical reconstructions in the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery of the referred hospital in the past 9 years. Results Two hundred thirty-seven microsurgical reconstructions were performed in head and neck tumors between January 2001 and December 2009. Statistical analysis shows a significant decrease ( p = 0.035) in the number of patients needing transfusions patients in recent years. Conclusions The treatment of patients who are Jehovah's Witnesses is an ethical and moral dilemma for the clinician and in particular for surgeons.
SwarmDock: a server for flexible protein–protein docking
Authors: Torchala Mieczyslaw , Moal Iain H. , Chaleil Raphael A. G. , Fernandez-Recio Juan , Bates Paul A. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Summary: Protein–protein interactions are central to almost all biological functions, and the atomic details of such interactions can yield insights into the mechanisms that underlie these functions. We present a web server that wraps and extends the SwarmDock flexible protein–protein docking algorithm. After uploading PDB files of the binding partners, the server generates low energy conformations and returns a ranked list of clustered docking poses and their corresponding structures. The user can perform full global docking, or focus on particular residues that are implicated in binding. The server is validated in the CAPRI blind docking experiment, against the most current docking benchmark, and against the ClusPro docking server, the highest performing server currently available.
Availability: The server is freely available and can be accessed at: http://bmm.cancerresearchuk.org/%7ESwarmDock/.
Contact: Paul.Bates@cancer.org.uk
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Marketing implications of the destination image of Mongolia
Authors: Mwaura David , Acquaye David , Jargal Sarnai 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the destination image of Mongolia held by actual and potential tourists, including how such images are formed and its implications in destination marketing.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative research was undertaken in order to understand the image of Mongolia held by actual and potential tourists and how such images were formed. An online questionnaire survey, that utilized structured questions, was carried out in leading travel blogs.FindingsDestination image plays an important role in determining whether a destination will be visited or not. Actual visitors' experience and perception of Mongolia was found to be highly positive and showed that generally the projected image represents an accurate picture of Mongolia. However, many potential visitors perceived Mongolia to be a long haul destination, that is remote and isolated.Practical implicationsSuccessful destination marketing campaigns will require tourism marketers to understand how those images are formed. This information will enable them to project a positive image to the right target markets. Understanding the information sources is beneficial to long haul destinations such as Mongolia, which can use such channels to promote their destination.Originality/valueMost destination image studies have concentrated on mainstream tourism destination and less popular long haul destinations such as Mongolia have received little, if no, attention. This paper will appeal to destination marketers of other long haul destinations who are seeking to position their destination in the right target markets.
Ethnicity and risk of caesarean section in a term, nulliparous New Zealand obstetric cohort
Authors: Anderson Ngaire H. , Sadler Lynn C. , Stewart Alistair W. , Fyfe Elaine M. , McCowan Lesley M.E. 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundOne in four New Zealand (NZ) women undergo caesarean section (CS); however, little is understood about how ethnicity influences CS rates. Previous NZ studies do not include many of NZ's ethnic groups and have been unable to account comprehensively for clinical risk factors.AimTo investigate ethnicity as an independent risk factor for elective and emergency CS in nulliparous women at term. We hypothesised that compared with European, Māori and Pacific women would have a lower risk of elective CS, but there would be no ethnic differences in emergency CS.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort analysis of prospectively recorded maternity data at National Women's Health, Auckland, NZ from 2006 to 2009. The study population was 11 848 singleton, nulliparous, term births. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed for elective and emergency CS, accounting for comprehensive confounding factors.ResultsThe overall CS rate was 31.2% (elective 7.8%, n = 923 and emergency 23.4%, n = 2770). Compared with European ethnicity, Pacific and Chinese women had a reduced odds of elective CS (adjusted odds ratios, aOR 0.42, [95% CI 0.24–0.73] and 0.68, [0.49–0.94], respectively), while Indian women had an increased odds of emergency CS (aOR 1.54, [1.26–1.88]). Rates of elective or emergency CS for other ethnicities were similar to European.ConclusionsAfter adjustment for confounding, we report ethnic differences in elective and emergency CS rates, which may be related to patient and/or care provider factors. Further prospective research is recommended to examine reasons for these ethnic differences in CS rates.
Interaction of monocytes/macrophages with ovarian cancer cells promotes angiogenesis in vitro
Authors: Wang Xipeng , Zhao Xiaobo , Wang Kai , Wu Li , Duan Tao 
Published: January 2013

It has been established that macrophages and endothelial cells infiltrate peritoneum in the vicinity of tumor implants of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). This study investigates whether the interaction of ovarian cancer cells and tumor‐associated macrophages could promote the involvement of endothelial cells in angiogenesis. Macrophage phenotypes were detected by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting, and cytokine/chemokine secretion was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The effect of co‐culture of ovarian cancer cells and tumor‐associated macrophage (TAM) cells on endothelial cell migration and tube formation was investigated. Signaling pathway mediators were also evaluated for their potential roles in endothelial cell activation by ovarian cancer cells co‐cultured with TAM cells. Our results showed that higher expression of interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) expression associated with 54.26 ± 34.46% of TAM infiltration of peritoneum was significantly higher than 16.58 ± 17.74% of CD3+ T‐cell by immunofluorescence co‐staining and confocal microscopy. THP‐1 cells exhibited M2‐polarized phenotype markers with high proportion of CD68+, CD206+ and CD204+ markers after phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA) treatment, After co‐culturing with TAM cells in a transwell chamber system, EOC cells (SKOV3) increased their IL‐8 expression at the level of mRNA and protein. After exposure to the conditioned medium obtained by co‐culturing TAM and SKOV3 cells, the migration and tube formation of endothelial cells were enhanced significantly. Furthermore, the upregulation of IL‐8 expression in ovarian cancer cells induced by macrophages could be inhibited by pyrollidine dithiocarbamate, an inhibitor of nuclear factor (NF)‐ κB signal pathway. We suggest that the interaction of ovarian cancer cells and tumor‐associated macrophages enhances the ability of endothelial cells to promote the progression of ovarian cancer.