bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly porous non-precious bimetallic electrocatalysts for efficient hydrogen evolution
Authors: Lu Qi , Hutchings Gregory S. , Yu Weiting , Zhou Yang , Forest Robert V. , Tao Runzhe , Rosen Jonathan , Yonemoto Bryan T. , Cao Zeyuan , Zheng Haimei , Xiao John Q. , Jiao Feng , Chen Jingguang G. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA robust and efficient non-precious metal catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction is one of the key components for carbon dioxide-free hydrogen production. Here we report that a hierarchical nanoporous copper-titanium bimetallic electrocatalyst is able to produce hydrogen from water under a mild overpotential at more than twice the rate of state-of-the-art carbon-supported platinum catalyst. Although both copper and titanium are known to be poor hydrogen evolution catalysts, the combination of these two elements creates unique copper-copper-titanium hollow sites, which have a hydrogen-binding energy very similar to that of platinum, resulting in an exceptional hydrogen evolution activity. In addition, the hierarchical porosity of the nanoporous copper-titanium catalyst also contributes to its high hydrogen evolution activity, because it provides a large-surface area for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution, and improves the mass transport properties. Moreover, the catalyst is self-supported, eliminating the overpotential associated with the catalyst/support interface.
Coherent quantum depletion of an interacting atom condensate
Authors: Kira M. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractSufficiently strong interactions promote coherent quantum transitions in spite of thermalization and losses, which are the adversaries of delicate effects such as reversibility and correlations. In atomic Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs), strong atom–atom interactions can eject atoms from the BEC to the normal component, yielding quantum depletion instead of temperature depletion. A recent experiment has already been verified to overcome losses. Here I show that it also achieves coherent quantum-depletion dynamics in a BEC swept fast enough from weak to strong atom–atom interactions. The elementary coherent process first excites the normal component into a liquid state that evolves into a spherical shell state, where the atom occupation peaks at a finite momentum to shield 50% of the BEC atoms from annihilation. The identified coherent processes resemble ultrafast semiconductor excitations expanding the scope of BEC explorations to many-body non-equilibrium studies.
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium revisited for inferences on genotypes featuring allele and copy-number variations
Authors: Recke Andreas , Recke Klaus-Günther , Ibrahim Saleh , Möller Steffen , Vonthein Reinhard 
Published: March 2015

AbstractCopy number variations represent a substantial source of genetic variation and are associated with a plethora of physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Joint copy number and allelic variations (CNAVs) are difficult to analyze and require new strategies to unravel the properties of genotype distributions. We developed a Bayesian hidden Markov model (HMM) approach that allows dissecting intrinsic properties and metastructures of the distribution of CNAVs within populations, in particular haplotype phases of genes with varying copy numbers. As a key feature, this approach incorporates an extension of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, allowing both a comprehensive and parsimonious model design. We demonstrate the quality of performance and applicability of the HMM approach with a real data set describing the Fcγ receptor (FcγR) gene region. Our concept, using a dynamic process to analyze a static distribution, establishes the basis for a novel understanding of complex genomic data sets.
Biosynthesis of soluble carotenoid holoproteins in Escherichia coli
Authors: de Carbon Céline Bourcier , Thurotte Adrien , Wilson Adjélé , Perreau François , Kirilovsky Diana 
Published: March 2015

AbstractCarotenoids are widely distributed natural pigments that are excellent antioxidants acting in photoprotection. They are typically solubilized in membranes or attached to proteins. In cyanobacteria, the photoactive soluble Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP) is involved in photoprotective mechanisms as a highly active singlet oxygen and excitation energy quencher. Here we describe a method for producing large amounts of holo-OCP in E.coli. The six different genes involved in the synthesis of holo-OCP were introduced into E. coli using three different plasmids. The choice of promoters and the order of gene induction were important: the induction of genes involved in carotenoid synthesis must precede the induction of the ocp gene in order to obtain holo-OCPs. Active holo-OCPs with primary structures derived from several cyanobacterial strains and containing different carotenoids were isolated. This approach for rapid heterologous synthesis of large quantities of carotenoproteins is a fundamental advance in the production of antioxidants of great interest to the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
A new model of tethered cord syndrome produced by slow traction
Authors: Huang Sheng-Li , Peng Jun , Yuan Guo-Lian , Ding Xiao-Yan , He Xi-Jing , Lan Bin-Shang 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe development of a suitable animal model is important for clarifying the pathogenesis of tethered cord syndrome (TCS). This study was undertaken to develop a new animal model for investigating the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for TCS. A traction device, a filum terminale tractor, was designed exclusively for this experiment. A TCS model was produced in cats using the tractor to fixate the filum terminale to the dorsal aspect of the second sacrum. The responses to tethering were evaluated by electron microscopy and electromyography for detection of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) at designated time points. Progressive swaying gait and lameness in clinical performance were observed with cord traction. Histopathological examination revealed an association between the increasing traction in the spinal cord and the increase in impaired nerve cells. No changes of SEPs and MEPs were detected in the untethered cats, while the latencies of SEPs and MEPs significantly increased in the tethered cats. The TCS model established in this study is simple and reproducible, in which varying degrees of tension could be applied to the neural elements.
Late-responding normal tissue cells benefit from high-precision radiotherapy with prolonged fraction delivery times via enhanced autophagy
Authors: Yao Qiwei , Zheng Rong , Xie Guozhu , Liao Guixiang , Du Shasha , Ren Chen , Li Rong , Lin Xiaoshan , Hu Daokun , Yuan Yawei 
Published: March 2015

AbstractHigh-precision radiotherapy (HPR) has established its important role in the treatment of tumors due to its precise dose distribution. Given its more complicated delivery process, HPR commonly requires more fraction delivery time (FDT). However, it is unknown whether it has an identical response of prolonged FDT on different normal tissues. Our results showed that fractionated irradiation with prolonged FDTs (15, 36 and 50 minutes) enhanced cell surviving fractions for normal tissue cells compared with irradiation with an FDT of 2 minutes. However, the late-responding normal cell line HEI-OC1 was more responsive to prolonged FDTs and demonstrated higher surviving fractions and significantly decreased apoptosis and DNA damage compared to the acute-responding normal cell line HaCaT. Increased autophagy mediated via the ATM-AMPK pathway was observed in HEI-OC1 cells compared with HaCaT cells when irradiated with prolonged FDTs. Furthermore, treatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA or ATM inhibitor KU55933 resulted in enhanced ROS accumulation and attenuation of the effect of prolonged FDT-mediated protection on irradiated HEI-OC1 cells. Our results indicated that late-responding normal tissue cells benefitted more from prolonged FDTs compared with acute-responding tissue cells, which was mainly attributed to enhanced cytoprotective autophagy mediated via the ATM/AMPK signaling pathway.
Plasmon-Assisted Audio Recording
Authors: Chen Hao , Bhuiya Abdul M. , Ding Qing , Toussaint Kimani C. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe present the first demonstration of the recording of optically encoded audio onto a plasmonic nanostructure. Analogous to the “optical sound” approach used in the early twentieth century to store sound on photographic film, we show that arrays of gold, pillar-supported bowtie nanoantennas could be used in a similar fashion to store sound information that is transferred via an amplitude modulated optical signal to the near field of an optical microscope. Retrieval of the audio information is achieved using standard imaging optics. We demonstrate that the sound information can be stored either as time-varying waveforms or in the frequency domain as the corresponding amplitude and phase spectra. A “plasmonic musical keyboard” comprising of 8 basic musical notes is constructed and used to play a short song. For comparison, we employ the correlation coefficient, which reveals that original and retrieved sound files are similar with maximum and minimum values of 0.995 and 0.342, respectively. We also show that the pBNAs could be used for basic signal processing by ablating unwanted frequency components on the nanostructure thereby enabling physical notch filtering of these components. Our work introduces a new application domain for plasmonic nanoantennas and experimentally verifies their potential for information processing.
Novel Type II and Monomeric NAD+ Specific Isocitrate Dehydrogenases: Phylogenetic Affinity, Enzymatic Characterization and Evolutionary Implication
Authors: Wang Peng , Lv Changqi , Zhu Guoping 
Published: March 2015

AbstractNAD+ use is an ancestral trait of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and the NADP+ phenotype arose through evolution as an ancient adaptation event. However, no NAD+-specific IDHs have been found among type II IDHs and monomeric IDHs. In this study, novel type II homodimeric NAD-IDHs from Ostreococcus lucimarinus CCE9901 IDH (OlIDH) and Micromonas sp. RCC299 (MiIDH) and novel monomeric NAD-IDHs from Campylobacter sp. FOBRC14 IDH (CaIDH) and Campylobacter curvus (CcIDH) were reported for the first time. The homodimeric OlIDH and monomeric CaIDH were determined by size exclusion chromatography and MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. All the four IDHs were demonstrated to be NAD+-specific, since OlIDH, MiIDH, CaIDH and CcIDH displayed 99-fold, 224-fold, 61-fold and 37-fold preferences for NAD+ over NADP+, respectively. The putative coenzyme discriminating amino acids (Asp326/Met327 in OlIDH, Leu584/Asp595 in CaIDH) were evaluated and the coenzyme specificities of the two mutants, OlIDH R326H327 and CaIDH H584R595, were completely reversed from NAD+ to NADP+. The detailed biochemical properties, including optimal reaction pH and temperature, thermostability and metal ion effects, of OlIDH and CaIDH were further investigated. The evolutionary connections among OlIDH, CaIDH and all the other forms of IDHs were described and discussed thoroughly.
Temporal Processing Deficits in Middle Age
Authors: Grose John H. , Mamo Sara K. , Buss Emily , Hall Joseph W. 
Published: March 2015

Purpose
The purpose of this brief report is to provide a synopsis of recent work, primarily from the authors' laboratory, that points to the emergence of temporal processing deficits relatively early in the aging process.

Method
The approach taken was to provide a descriptive summary of selected published and current experiments focusing on the processing of temporal envelopes and fine structure.

Conclusion
Deficits in both temporal envelope and temporal fine structure processing are evident during middle age even while audiometric hearing sensitivity remains normal.
Quantifying the Robustness of the English Sibilant Fricative Contrast in Children
Authors: Holliday Jeffrey J. , Reidy Patrick F. , Beckman Mary E. , Edwards Jan 
Published: March 2015

Purpose
Four measures of children's developing robustness of phonological contrast were compared to see how they correlated with age, vocabulary size, and adult listeners' correctness ratings.

Method
Word-initial sibilant fricative productions from eighty-one 2- to 5-year-old children and 20 adults were phonetically transcribed and acoustically analyzed. Four measures of robustness of contrast were calculated for each speaker on the basis of the centroid frequency measured from each fricative token. Productions that were transcribed as correct from different children were then used as stimuli in a perception experiment in which adult listeners rated the goodness of each production.

Results
Results showed that the degree of category overlap, quantified as the percentage of a child's productions whose category could be correctly predicted from the output of a mixed-effects logistic regression model, was the measure that correlated best with listeners' goodness judgments.

Conclusions
Even when children's productions have been transcribed as correct, adult listeners are sensitive to within-category variation quantified by the child's degree of category overlap. Further research is needed to explore the relationship between the age of a child and adults' sensitivity to different types of within-category variation in children's speech.
Prevention of postnatal mental health problems in women: knowledge exchange in primary care in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Rowe Heather J. , Fisher Jane R. W. 
Published: March 2015

Issue addressedWhat Were We Thinking (WWWT) is a psychoeducation group program for the primary prevention of postnatal mental health problems in women. It addresses two neglected risks for postnatal depression and anxiety: unsettled infant behaviour and adjustments in the partner relationship after the birth of a first baby. WWWT has evidence of efficacy when facilitated by specialist nurses. It is designed to be facilitated by trained nurses as part of standard postnatal primary care. The aim of this study is to assess nurses' understanding of their role in prevention of postnatal mental health problems, the requirements for and feasibility of implementing WWWT, and nurses' current practice and specific training needs.MethodsMaternal and Child Health (MCH) coordinators emailed nurses at all Victorian MCH centres an invitation to participate in a study about parent‐infant mental health. Semi‐structured interviews and group discussions were conducted. Responses were analysed thematically.ResultsMCH nurses demonstrated a willingness to implement a structured mental health‐promotion intervention into clinical practice. Successful implementation will require changes to enable routine attendance of fathers at group sessions and recommendations to parents about the use of infant behaviour management strategies.ConclusionsThis study contributes to comprehensive knowledge exchange about the implementation of a complex intervention in standard primary care. This knowledge is essential for generating practice‐based evidence of the WWWT mental health‐promotion program's effectiveness.
‘The secret shame’: a content analysis of online news reporting of a celebrity admitting smoking while pregnant
Authors: Carroll Beverley , Freeman Becky 
Published: March 2015

Issue addressedAround one in 10 Australian women report that they smoke while pregnant, and this may be a significant underestimation. In 2013, Australian celebrity Chrissie Swan announced publicly that she had been smoking during her pregnancy, generating substantial media coverage. This study sought to identify the main themes in the reporting of the ‘Swan pregnant and admitting smoking’ story by online news media.MethodsBetween 6 February 2013 and 18 February 2013 inclusively, a content analysis was conducted of Australian online news items using the keywords: ‘Chrissie Swan smoking’, and ‘Chrissie Swan pregnant and smoking’. News items were coded for nine themes.ResultsA total of 124 items were identified. The most frequent themes were: ‘celebrity story’ (90.32%) and ‘societal judgement of pregnant smokers’ (69.35%). Less than one‐half (45.97%) of the news items included ‘quitting is hard’ content and only 29.03% of the news items included ‘smoking and health’ content. Specific quit‐referral content was found in only 13.71% of the news items.ConclusionsThere was a missed opportunity to promote positive, non‐judgemental smoking and pregnancy messages and health information that support pregnant women to quit smoking.
Effects of Korean Red Ginseng extract on hepatic lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells
Authors: Lee Mak-Soon , Kim Chong-Tai , Kim In-Hwan , Kim Yangha 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of Korean red ginseng water extract (KRGE) on hepatic lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. KRGE decreased hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol levels. Further, KRGE suppressed expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. These results suggest that KRGE may reduce hepatic lipid accumulation by inhibition of FAS and HMG-CoA reductase expression in HepG2 cells.
Identification and characterization of a novel gene encoding the NBS1 protein in Pyricularia oryzae
Authors: Narukawa-Nara Megumi , Sasaki Kengo , Ishii Akira , Baba Kouhei , Amano Kanako , Kuroki Misa , Saitoh Ken-ichiro , Kamakura Takashi 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The ascomycete Pyricularia oryzae (teleomorph: Magnaporthe oryzae) causes one of the most serious diseases known as rice blast. The Nijmegen breakage syndrome protein (NBS1) is essential for DNA repair; thus, we studied the P. oryzae NBS1 homolog (PoNBS1). A PoNBS1 null mutant exhibited high sensitivity to DNA damage-inducing agents. The mutant also exhibited the retarded hyphal growth, and induced abnormal conidial germination and shape, but showed normal appressorium formation. The phenotypes of the null mutant were complemented by introducing the cDNA of PoNBS1 driven by a TrpC promoter of Aspergillus nidulans. In addition, the null mutant similarly complemented with the PoNBS1 cDNA lacking the FHA domain that had a normal phenotype except for hyphal growth. These results suggest that PoNBS1 is involved in DNA repair and normal development in P. oryzae. Moreover, the FHA domain of PoNBS1 participates in normal hyphal growth.
At Last We Have Gotten Together
Authors: Roll David L. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This chapter focuses on Harry Hopkins's role as intermediary in the conference between Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill in August 1941 in Placentia Bay. It examines the issues relating to lend-lease and World War II that Roosevelt and Churchill discussed during the conference, including the provisions of the Atlantic Charter and Churchill's objective of persuading the U.S. president to declare war against Germany. It also considers the agreement between Roosevelt and Churchill for a three-power supply meeting in Russia in late September 1941.
Fault Lines
Authors: Roll David L. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This chapter focuses on Harry Hopkins's role as chief intermediary between Franklin D. Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin in an effort to repair U.S.-Soviet relations during World War II. In the weeks following the Casablanca conference, Stalin put Roosevelt and Winston Churchill on the defensive, sending a series of messages reminding them of their earlier promises to launch a cross-Channel invasion of France “as early as 1942 or this spring at the latest” and complaining that the two-month winter pause of Anglo-American forces in Tunisia had enabled Germany to transfer as many as thirty-six fresh divisions to fight the Red Army on the eastern front. This chapter also considers the discussions between Roosevelt and Churchill at the Trident conference, with particular reference to the debates over the Allies' planned invasion of Italy and whether to bomb rail lines leading into Auschwitz or Auschwitz itself.
A Leave of Absence from Death
Authors: Roll David L. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This chapter examines the aftermath of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's death, with particular reference to its impact on Harry Hopkins's role for the United States during World War II. It first considers Hopkins's hospitalization due to nontropical sprue (or celiac disease) before turning to the speeches and pronouncements of Roosevelt and Winston Churchill about the Yalta conference. It then looks at the birth of the United Nations and the reactions of Hopkins, Churchill, and Joseph Stalin to Roosevelt's death, It also discusses Hopkins's meeting with Stalin in Moscow and his trip to Berlin before concluding with an assessment of his “serious doubts as to the possibility of genuine collaboration with the Soviet Union”.
Structure-PPi: a module for the annotation of cancer-related single-nucleotide variants at protein–protein interfaces
Authors: Vázquez Miguel , Valencia Alfonso , Pons Tirso 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Motivation: The interpretation of cancer-related single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) considering the protein features they affect, such as known functional sites, protein–protein interfaces, or relation with already annotated mutations, might complement the annotation of genetic variants in the analysis of NGS data. Current tools that annotate mutations fall short on several aspects, including the ability to use protein structure information or the interpretation of mutations in protein complexes.
Results: We present the Structure–PPi system for the comprehensive analysis of coding SNVs based on 3D protein structures of protein complexes. The 3D repository used, Interactome3D, includes experimental and modeled structures for proteins and protein–protein complexes. Structure–PPi annotates SNVs with features extracted from UniProt, InterPro, APPRIS, dbNSFP and COSMIC databases. We illustrate the usefulness of Structure–PPi with the interpretation of 1 027 122 non-synonymous SNVs from COSMIC and the 1000G Project that provides a collection of ∼172 700 SNVs mapped onto the protein 3D structure of 8726 human proteins (43.2% of the 20 214 SwissProt-curated proteins in UniProtKB release 2014_06) and protein–protein interfaces with potential functional implications.
Availability and implementation: Structure–PPi, along with a user manual and examples, isavailable at http://structureppi.bioinfo.cnio.es/Structure, the code for local installations at https://github.com/Rbbt-Workflows
Contact: tpons@cnio.es
Supplementary Information : Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.