bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraoral Manifestations in a Patient with Epidermal Nevus Syndrome
Authors: Baliga Vidya , Gopinath VPK , Baliga Sudhindra , Ramachandra Srinivas Sulugodu , Jithendra KD , Shetty Shamila 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT

Aim
To report rare findings of oral and periodontal manifestations in a patient with Epidermal nevus syndrome (ENS).

Background
The ENS describes the rare association of an epidermal nevus with abnormalities of central nervous system, ocular and skeletal abnormalities. Reports of oral involvement have been few. Also, most of the intraoral lesions have been reported in patients with nevi that do not fulfill the criteria for the diagnosis of ENS.

Case description
This report describes a case of ENS that, in addition to cutaneous manifestations showed skeletal involvement and intraoral manifestations such as the extension of the nevi on the face intraorally involving the labial mucosa, hypoplasia, hypodontia of teeth and severe periodontal destruction.

Conclusion
Patients with extensive epidermal nevi and systemic abnormalities should be suspected of having the ENS. Evaluation and management of patients with ENS requires a multidisciplinary team approach involving the dermatologist, pediatrician, ophthalmologist, neurologist, genetist, plastic surgeon and orthopedic services. Although uncommonly described in association with ENS, significant intraoral lesions do occur. Periodontal manifestations as in our patient, which to our knowledge has not been described in association with ENS so far, may also be present.

Clinical relevance
Alteration of the response of periodontal tissues to dental plaque in the presence of certain systemic diseases has been reported, but not in association with ENS. Severe periodontal destruction due to exaggerated response to dental plaque was seen in the present case. Hence, emphasis on oral hygiene maintenance in such patients is essential. Patients with ENS must be evaluated periodically as they show a persistent predisposition for the development of tumors

How to cite this article
Baliga V, Gopinath VPK, Baliga S, Ramachandra SS, Jithendra KD, Shetty S. Intraoral Manifestations in a Patient with Epidermal Nevus Syndrome . J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(4):762-765.
The Museum Maze in Oral Pathology Demystified—Part I
Authors: Ganavi BS 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT
Museum technologies provide a wide array of choice of museums to those who wish to exploit technology to attract, excite and ensure an unrivalled visitor experience, as well as capture and sustain share of mind and heart. Museum being a combination of both art and science requires skilled workmanship, meticulous planning and execution to exhibit a specimen to its optimal elegance due to its relatively smaller size and fragile nature. A well established oral pathology museum is rarely seen due to negligence of oral specimens, dearth of knowledge in this field and also available data on it. An insight on oral pathology museum, including its establishment, importance and advanced technologies to make it more simple and accessible are discussed in two parts. Part I emphasizes on basics in oral pathology museum, whereas part II highlights the specialized techniques and recent advances in museum technology. Our effort is to present this article as hands on experience for the pathologists, student population and the technicians.

How to cite this article
Patil S, Rao RS, Ganavi BS. The Museum Maze in Oral Pathology Demystified—Part I. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(4):770-776.
Carrier-based Root Canal Filling Materials: A Literature Review
Authors: Al-Kahtani Ahmed Mubarak 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTA review of the literature on the use of carrier based obturation materials focusing on Thermafil and Resilon based obturator (RealSeal 1) are presented in this article. The review addressed the history, apical leakage, coronal leakage, biocompatibility, sealing ability and clinical success of Thermafil and RealSeal 1.Based on the studies gathered, this review concluded that both treatment techniques (Thermafil and RealSeal 1) did not provide excellent apical sealing ability. More research should be done to try to overcome their main drawback, its sealing ability.How to cite this articleAl-Kahtani AM. Carrier-based Root Canal Filling Materials: A Literature Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(4):777-783.
Oxytocin and Epstein‐Barr virus: Stress biomarkers in the postpartum period among first‐time mothers from São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Rudzik Alanna E.F. , Breakey Alicia , Bribiescas Richard G. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between self‐reported stress levels among new mothers in São Paulo, Brazil and two biomarkers of stressful experience, oxytocin (OT) and Epstein‐Barr Virus antibody level (EBV‐ab), with planned pregnancy hypothesized as a moderator of biological response to stressful conditions.MethodsSixty‐three first‐time mothers between the ages of 15 and 45 were recruited from neighborhoods in São Paulo, Brazil. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected longitudinally, bi‐weekly between two and 12 weeks postpartum. OT level was assessed from breast milk samples and EBV‐ab from blood spot samples. An Interpersonal Satisfaction scale was developed, validated, and administered, along with the Cohen perceived stress scale (PSS).ResultsIn‐depth interview data revealed unplanned pregnancy to be a significant stressor in the lives of first‐time mothers. In linear regression, OT level was negatively associated with interpersonal satisfaction score (P = 0.022) and positively associated with PSS score (P = 0.007). When splitting the sample by planned status of the pregnancy, women with an unplanned pregnancy showed a strengthened positive association between OT level and PSS (P = 0.001; Adj R2 = 0.44) and negative association with interpersonal satisfaction (P = 0.017; Adj R2 = 0.15), while no associations existed for women with a planned pregnancy. EBV‐ab level was not correlated or associated with stress/satisfaction measures.ConclusionOT is an effective biomarker in the measurement of stress in the body, and additionally reflects differential experiences with difficult interpersonal circumstances, such as unplanned pregnancy. By contrast, EBV‐ab failed to reflect differences in self‐reported stress levels between mothers. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 26:43–50, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Chronic undernutrition and traditional weaning foods are associated with fat stores in ariaal infants of Northern Kenya
Authors: Miller Elizabeth M. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTThe high proportion of human infant fat is hypothesized to protect infant brains by mobilizing against growth disturbances caused by acute nutritional and pathogen stress during weaning. However, individuals who experience chronic nutritional stress have been shown to store fat rather than mobilize fat stores, although this has not been demonstrated during infancy. This study investigated the relationship between fat development, diet, and nutritional status among 239 breastfeeding Ariaal infants, a group of settled pastoralists who experience both acute and chronic nutritional stress residing in Marsabit District, Kenya. This study had three goals: 1) To investigate the pattern of fat accumulation among Ariaal infants compared with a reference population; 2) to explore the relationship between chronic nutritional stress and fat deposits; and 3) to determine the relationship between traditional weaning foods, particularly cow's milk, and infant's fat. Infants, particularly infants experiencing chronic nutritional stress, were found to accumulate fat deposits in a manner that suggests reduced oxidation of fat stores. Infant upper arm fat area significantly increases with age over the weaning period compared with reference populations, who show a decline in body fat. Chronically undernourished infants were particularly likely to have increased levels of upper arm fat compared with normal infants or acutely undernourished infants. In addition, infants who consume cow's milk are significantly fatter than those that do not. These results suggest that Ariaal infants have both physiological and cultural mechanisms for fat storage in the face of their nutritionally stressed environment. Am J Phys Anthropol 153:286–296, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Functional and morphological correlates of mandibular symphyseal form in a living human sample
Authors: Holton Nathan E. , Franciscus Robert G. , Ravosa Matthew J. , Southard Thomas E. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTVariation in recent human mandibular form is often thought to reflect differences in masticatory behavior associated with variation in food preparation and subsistence strategies. Nevertheless, while mandibular variation in some human comparisons appear to reflect differences in functional loading, other comparisons indicate that this relationship is not universal. This suggests that morphological variation in the mandible is influenced by other factors that may obscure the effects of loading on mandibular form. It is likely that highly strained mandibular regions, including the corpus, are influenced by well‐established patterns of lower facial skeletal integration. As such, it is unclear to what degree mandibular form reflects localized stresses incurred during mastication vs. a larger set of correlated features that may influence bone distribution patterns. In this study, we examine the relationship between mandibular symphyseal bone distribution (i.e., second moments of area, cortical bone area) and masticatory force production (i.e., in vivo maximal bite force magnitude and estimated symphyseal bending forces) along with lower facial shape variation in a sample of n = 20 living human male subjects. Our results indicate that while some aspects of symphyseal form (e.g., wishboning resistance) are significantly correlated with estimates of symphyseal bending force magnitude, others (i.e., vertical bending resistance) are more closely tied to variation in lower facial shape. This suggests that while the symphysis reflects variation in some variables related to functional loading, the complex and multifactorial influences on symphyseal form underscores the importance of exercising caution when inferring function from the mandible especially in narrow taxonomic comparisons. Am J Phys Anthropol 153:387–396, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Aqueous biphasic cancer cell migration assay enables robust, high‐throughput screening of anti‐cancer compounds
Authors: Lemmo Stephanie , Nasrollahi Samila , Tavana Hossein 
Published: November 2013

AbstractMigration of tumor cells is a fundamental event implicated in metastatic progression of cancer. Therapeutic compounds with the ability to inhibit the motility of cancer cells are critical for preventing cancer metastasis. Achieving this goal requires new technologies that enable high‐throughput drug screening against migration of cancer cells and expedite drug discovery. We report an easy‐to‐implement, robotically operated, cell migration microtechnology with the capability of simultaneous screening of multiple compounds. The technology utilizes a fully biocompatible polymeric aqueous two‐phase system to pattern a monolayer of cells containing a cell‐excluded gap that serves as the migration niche. We adapted this technology to a standard 96‐well plate format and parametrically optimized it to generate highly consistent migration niches. The analysis of migration is done automatically using computerized schemes. We use statistical metrics and show the robustness of this assay for drug screening and its sensitivity to identify effects of different drug compounds on migration of cancer cells. This technology can be employed in core centers, research laboratories, and pharmaceutical industries to evaluate the efficacy of compounds against migration of various types of metastatic cancer cells prior to expensive animal tests and thus, streamline anti‐migratory drug screening.
μ‐Chlorido‐Bridged Dimanganese(II) Complexes of the Schiff Base Derived from [2+2] Condensation of 2,6‐Diformyl‐4‐methylphenol and 1,3‐Bis(3‐aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane: Structure, Magnetism, Electrochemical Behaviour, and Catalytic Oxidation of Secondary Alcohols
Authors: Alexandru Mihaela , Cazacu Maria , Arvinte Adina , Shova Sergiu , Turta Constantin , Simionescu Bogdan C. , Dobrov Anatolie , Alegria Elisabete C. B. A. , Martins Luísa M. D. R. S. , Pombeiro Armando J. L. , Arion Vladimir B. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe reaction of 2,6‐diformyl‐4‐methylphenol with 1,3‐bis(3‐aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane in the presence of MnCl2 in a 1:1:2 molar ratio in methanol afforded a dinuclear μ‐chlorido‐bridged manganese(II) complex of the macrocyclic [2+2] condensation product (H2L), namely, [Mn2Cl2(H2L)(HL)]Cl·3H2O (1). The latter afforded a new compound, namely, [Mn2Cl2(H2L)2][MnCl4]·4CH3CN·0.5CHCl3·0.4H2O (2), after recrystallisation from 1:1 CHCl3/CH3CN. The co‐existence of the free and complexed azomethine groups, phenolato donors, μ‐chlorido bridges, and the disiloxane unit were well evidenced by ESI mass spectrometry and FTIR spectroscopy and confirmed by X‐ray crystallography. The magnetic measurements revealed an antiferromagnetic interaction between the two high‐spin (S = 5/2, g = 2) manganese(II) ions through the μ‐chlorido bridging ligands. The electrochemical behaviour of 1 and 2 has been studied, and details of their redox properties are reported. Both compounds act as catalysts or catalyst precursors in the solvent‐free low‐power microwave‐assisted oxidation of selected secondary alcohols, for example, 1‐phenylethanol, cyclohexanol, 2‐ and 3‐octanol, to the corresponding ketones in the absence of solvent. The highest yield of 72 % was achieved for 1‐phenylethanol by using a maximum of 1 % molar ratio of catalyst relative to substrate.
Synthesis of the Pentacyclic Framework of the Alkaloid Tronocarpine
Authors: Torres‐Ochoa Rubén O. , Reyes‐Gutiérrez Paul E. , Martínez Roberto 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA short and efficient synthesis of the pentacyclic core of the indole alkaloid tronocarpine is described. The synthetic pathway involves several easily accomplished steps, including a radical oxidative aromatic substitution reaction on the N‐tert‐butoxycarbonyl‐protected tryptamine and a xanthate, a 1,4–1,2‐nucleophilic addition between a 2,3‐disubstituted indole and an α,β‐unsaturated aldehyde, and a Ti‐mediated Dieckmann condensation. This report represents a significant advance in the quest for the first total synthesis of tronocarpine.
Chromium Coordination Compounds of Pyridoxal and Nicotinic Acid: Synthesis, Absorption and Metabolism
Authors: Gonzalez‐Vergara Enrique , De Gonzalez Blanca Candia , Hegenauer Jack , Saltman Paul 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe poor gastrointestinal absorption of inorganic chromium has hampered study of the bioavailability, biodistribution and function of this essential trace element. New coordination compounds of Cr(III) — most notably the Schiff base complexes of pyridoxal, dipeptides and nicotinic acid — have been synthesized and characterized for metabolic studies in mice. Data are presented to document the whole‐body absorption, excretory pathways and organ distribution of orally administered 51Cr complexes. These compounds are well absorbed but retention is low because of rapid urinary excretion. The liver accumulates more Cr from the pyridoxylidene complexes than from inorganic or other coordination compounds. These results suggest that Schiff base chelates potentiate the absorption of Cr by cells of the intestine, kidney and liver. Coordination by nicotinic acid increased the stability of the Schiff base chelates but did not affect the biodistribution significantly. The relationship of these complexes to the “glucose tolerance factor” is discussed.
The Role of Zinc in Angiotensin Converting Enzyme
Authors: Bünning Peter , Riordan James F. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAngiotensin converting enzyme is a chloride‐dependent zinc metalloexo‐peptidase. The zinc atom is essential for enzymatic activity. Removal of zinc by dialysis against the chelating agent 1,10‐phenanthroline abolishes activity toward the chromophoric substrates furanacryloyl‐Phe‐Gly‐Gly. Reconstitution of the resultant apoenzyme with either zinc, cobalt or manganese restores activity to 100, 55 or 25% of that of the native enzyme, respectively. Spontaneous dissociation of zinc from the enzyme occurs below pH 7 and this can be prevented by adding excess metal to the buffer. Radiationless energy transfer studies with a fluorescent substrate demonstrate that zinc is not required for substrate binding and does not mediate the activating effect of chloride. Thus, zinc functions solely in the hydrolytic step of catalysis.
Nucleotide‐Iron Complexes and Lipid Peroxidation: Mechanisms and Biological Significance
Authors: Hochstein Paul 
Published: November 2013

AbstractNucleotide pyrophosphate‐iron complexes (NPP‐Fe), which presumably function in the intracellular transport of iron, may also serve as substrates for cytochrome P450 reductase. The reduction of these complexes via this flavin enzyme leads to the formation of oxygen radicals which have the capacity to initiate peroxidation reactions in phospholipids. It is suggested that the formation of oxygen free‐radicals, catalyzed by iron bound to nucleotides, may contribute to cellular alterations involving membranes as well as other biological constituents.
Pulsed EPR Studies of bis Imidazole Heme a
Authors: Peisach J. , Mims W. B. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractElectron spin echo studies have been performed on the model compound for cytochrome a, bis imidazole heme a, and the results compared with those obtained for bis imidazole protoheme and for cytochrome a. The 14N coupling with the iron in the heme a model compound, as obtained from a study of the nuclear modulation effect, is comparable with that seen for the bis imidazole complex of protoheme. The magnetic field dependence of the linear electric field effect is essentially the same in both bis imidazole complexes, but is markedly different from that observed for cytochrome a.15 Thus the odd field component of the crystal field in bis imid heme a is different from that in cytochrome a.
Quaternary Structure and Spin State of Human Fetal Methemoglobin
Authors: Chevion Mordechai , Ilan Yael A. , Navok Tikva , Czapski Gidon 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn an attempt to shed more light on the physiological function of fetal hemoglobin, we studied the alteration of quaternary structure and switch in spin state of the fetal methemoglobin and compared it to the corresponding adult protein. Using the pulse‐radiolysis technique, solutions of fetal human methemoglobin were irradiated in order to reduce a single heme‐iron within the protein tetramers. The valence‐hybrids thus formed were reacted with oxygen. Kinetics of the reactions were studied. The effects of pH and inositol‐hexaphosphate (IHP) were examined. The kinetics of the ligation of oxygen to stripped valence‐hybrids showed a single‐phase behaviour at the pH range 7–9. As the pH was lowered below 6.5, a second slower phase became apparent. This slow phase consisted of ∼ 50% at pH 5.8. In the presence of IHP above pH 7.4, the kinetics of oxygen‐binding was of a single‐phase. As the pH was lowered a transition to a second, slower phase was noticed. Below pH 7 the slower phase was the only detectable one. The analysis of the relative contribution of the faster phase to the total reaction, as a function of the pH, showed a typical sigmoidal transition curve characterized by a pK = 7.2 and a Hill parameter n = 3.06. On this basis it is concluded that stripped, fetal human methemoglobin resides in an R quaternary structure while the presence of IHP stabilizes the T structure.at pH below 7.2. Thus, this protein exhibits a higher degree of intrinsic low affinity state than that of methemoglobin A, while in the presence of IHP the stabilization of the low affinity state of the fetal protein by the organic phosphate is smaller in comparison to the adult protein. The switch between the high spin aquomet‐ and the low spin hydroxymet‐derivatives of adult and fetal human hemoglobins was studied optically in detail. These switches were found to be only slightly affected by IHP, and exhibited very low cooperativity (pK = 8.04; n = 1.1 and pK = 8.10; n = 1.3 for adult methemoglobin when stripped and in the presence of IHP, respectively; pK = 8.18; n = 1.11 and pK = 8.21; n = 1.28 for fetal methemoglobin when stripped and in the presence of IHP, respectively). These findings lead to the conclusion that the transition between quaternary structures in either human or fetal methemoglobins is not coupled to the switch of the spin state of the ferric heme.
Kinetics and Mechanism of the Ferrimyoglobin — H202 Reaction
Authors: Kremer Mordechai L. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe kinetics of the reaction between ferrimyoglobin and H202 has been analyzed. It has been shown that the observed red complex is an intermediate which becomes stabilized in the system due to the fact that it is both formed and decomposed by H202. A FeO3+ type structure for the complex has been proposed with strong π‐bonding between the metal and the oxygen atom.
Low Lying Paramagnetic States in Oxy‐ and Carbonmonoxyhemoglobins
Authors: Cerdonio M. , Morante S. , Vitale S. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractReconsidering early and recently published magnetic susceptibility data, we find that the assumption about the full diamagnetism of oxy‐ and carbonmonoxy‐derivatives of hemoglobins is not warranted. It appears that these derivatives display a variety of magnetic states of the iron ligand complex, depending on conditions which must still be elucidated in full. The bearing of these results on debates of the past, the recent evidence from other spectroscopic techniques and the perspectives for future work are briefly discussed.
Hemoglobin Structural Dynamics as Monitored by Resonance Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Spiro Thomas G. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractResonance Raman spectra of the heme group are now understood at a level sufficient to provide a useful monitor of several heme structural features. Some porphyrin vibrational frequencies are sensitive to Fe oxidation state, or π‐electron distribution, and give insight into the electronic structure of 02, CO and NO hemes. Others are sensitive to Fe spin‐state, via the associated geometry variation, and provide an accurate index of the porphyrin core size. When examined during the photolysis of CO‐hemoglobin via short laser pulses, these frequencies indicate that conversion from low‐ to high‐spin Fe11 takes place within 30 ps of photolysis, presumably via intersystem‐crossing in the excited state, but that the subsequent relaxation of the Fe atom out of the heme plane takes longer than 20 ns, probably because of restraint by the protein. Axial ligand modes have been identified for several heme derivatives. The Fe‐imidazole frequency in deoxyhemoglobin is appreciably lowered in the T quaternary structure, as determined in both static and kinetic experiments, suggesting molecular tension or proximal imidazole H‐bond weakening in the T state.
Theory of Photodissociation with Coherent Laser Pulses
Authors: Shapiro Moshe 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA theory of photodissociation with coherent pulsed lasers is developed with special emphasis on the nature of the prepared state under various modes of excitation. Stationary and time‐dependent formulations are treated on an equal footing. Detuning of the transition frequencies with respect to the pulse center is shown to have a profound effect on the time evolution of the system during the pulse. The connection between the laser phase and its location and the nature of the prepared photodissociation state is made explicit. Applications to the femtosecond transition‐state spectra of the NaI system are presented.