bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adult female acne: a new paradigm
Authors: Dréno B. , Layton A. , Zouboulis C.C. , López‐Estebaranz J.L. , Zalewska‐Janowska A. , Bagatin E. , Zampeli V.A. , Yutskovskaya Y. , Harper J.C. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn the adult female, acne is a chronic condition with a substantial negative psychological, social and emotional impact. Based on time of onset, two subtypes of adult female acne are recognized: ‘persistent acne’ is a continuation of the disease from adolescence, while ‘late‐onset acne’ first presents in adulthood. The morphological characteristics of adult female acne are often distinct from adolescent acne. In adults, inflammatory lesions (particularly papules, pustules and nodules) are generally more prominent on the lower chin, jawline and neck, and comedones are more often closed comedones (micro cysts). Adult acne is mainly mild‐to‐moderate in severity and may be refractory to treatment. A holistic approach to acne therapy should be taken in adult females, which combines standard treatments with adjunctive therapy and cosmetic use. A number of factors specific to the adult female influence choice of treatment, including the predisposition of older skin to irritation, a possible slow response to treatment, a high likelihood of good adherence, whether of child‐bearing age, and the psychosocial impact of the disease. Adherence to therapy should be encouraged through further patient education and a simplified regimen that is tailored to suit the individual patient’s needs and lifestyle. This article reviews the specific characteristics of adult female acne, and provides recommendations for acne therapy in this patient group.
IL28B genotype is not useful for predicting treatment outcome in Asian chronic hepatitis B patients treated with pegylated interferon‐α
Authors: Holmes Jacinta A , Nguyen Tin , Ratnam Dilip , Heerasing Neel M , Tehan Jane V , Bonanzinga Sara , Dev Anouk , Bell Sally , Pianko Stephen , Chen Robert , Visvanathan Kumar , Hammond Rachel , Iser David , Rusli Ferry , Sievert William , Desmond Paul V , Bowden D Scott , Thompson Alexander J 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackground and AimIL28B genotype predicts response to pegylated interferon (peg‐IFN)‐based therapy in chronic hepatitis C. However, the utility of IL28B genotyping in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) cohorts treated with peg‐IFN is unclear. It was investigated whether IL28B genotype is associated with peg‐IFN treatment outcomes in a predominantly Asian CHB cohort.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of CHB patients treated with 48 weeks of peg‐IFN monotherapy. IL28B genotype (rs12979860) was determined (TaqMan allelic discrimination kit). Baseline hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐DNA, alanine aminotransferase, and liver histology were available. The primary end‐points were HBV e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion with HBV‐DNA < 2000 IU/mL 24 weeks post‐therapy (HBeAg‐positive patients) and HBV‐DNA < 2000 IU/mL 24 weeks after peg‐IFN (HBeAg‐negative patients). The association between IL28B genotype and peg‐IFN outcomes was analyzed.ResultsIL28B genotype was determined for 96 patients. Eighty‐eight percent were Asian, 62% were HBeAg positive, and 13% were METAVIR stage F3‐4. Median follow‐up time was 39.3 months. The majority of patients carried the CC IL28B genotype (84%). IL28B genotype did not differ according to HBeAg status. The primary end‐points were achieved in 27% of HBeAg‐positive and 61% of HBeAg‐negative patients. There was no association between IL28B genotype and the primary end‐point in either group. Furthermore, there was no difference in HBeAg loss alone, HBV surface antigen, alanine aminotransferase normalization, or on‐treatment HBV‐DNA levels according to IL28B genotype.ConclusionsIn the context of a small possible effect size and high frequency in Asian populations, IL28B genotyping is likely to have, at best, limited clinical utility for predicting peg‐IFN treatment outcome for CHB patients in the Asia–Pacific region.
Clinical value of multiband mucosectomy for the treatment of squamous intraepithelial neoplasia of the esophagus
Authors: Jin Xi‐Feng , Sun Qing‐Yan , Chai Tong‐Hai , Li Shu‐hui , Guo Yan‐li 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackground and AimTo evaluate the clinical value of multiband mucosectomy (MBM) for the treatment of squamous intraepithelial neoplasia of the esophagus.MethodsA total of 51 lesions located at esophagus from 43 patients were treated with MBM, among which 11 were diagnosed as middle‐grade intraepithelial neoplasia, 25 as high‐grade intraepithelial neoplasia, and 15 as early esophageal cancer pathologically. Primary end‐points were the rate of complete endoscopic resection and the mean operation time; the second end‐points were the postoperative local recurrence rate and acute plus early complications. The histopathological results were compared between pre‐MBM biopsy and MBM specimens. All patients were followed up endoscopically.ResultsA total of 52 MBM procedures with 180 resections were performed in 43 patients. The complete endoscopic resection was achieved in 92.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 81.8–96.9%). The sizes of the lesions ranged from 10 × 8 mm to 25 × 23 mm. The mean operation time is 37 ± 5 min. The operative acute bleeding complication was 7.6% (95% CI 3–18.1%); no perforations occurred. Early complications consisted of delayed bleeding (one patient 1.9%; 95% CI 0.3–10.1%) and slight esophageal stenosis (one patient). The histopathological diagnosis of 26 cases (51%) was consistent between biopsy and MBM samples, while 20 lesions exhibited higher grade dysplasia. The local recurrence rate was 6.9% (3/43) at 1 year, 9.3% (4/43) at 2 years, and 9.3% at 2.5 years. No death occurred during follow‐up.ConclusionsMBM is a safe and effective technique for the treatment of early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (GerdQ) in real‐world practice: A national multicenter survey on 8065 patients
Authors: Bai Yu , Du Yiqi , Zou Duowu , Jin Zhendong , Zhan Xianbao , Li Zhao‐Shen , Yang Yunsheng , Liu Yulan , Zhang Shutian , Qian Jiaming , Zhou Liya , Hao Jianyu , Chen Dongfeng , Fang Dianchun , Fan Daiming , Yu Xiaofeng , Sha Weihong , Nie Yuqiang , Zhang Xiaofeng , Xu Hong , Lv Nonghua , Jiang Bo , Zou Xiaoping , Fang Jingyuan , Fan Jiangao , Li Yan , Chen Weichang , Wang Bangmao , Zou Yiyou , Li Youming , Sun Mingjun , Chen Qikui , Chen Minhu , Zhao Xiaoyan ,   Chinese GerdQ Research Group
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackground and AimRecently, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (GerdQ) has been developed for diagnosis of GERD. However, no study investigated its value in real‐world practice. This study aimed to investigate whether GerdQ can be used for diagnosis of GERD in China.MethodsA national multicenter survey was undertaken; all patients who underwent first diagnostic upper endoscopy for upper gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms were included. Data including the gender, age, symptoms, and endoscopic findings were prospectively recorded. The GerdQ score was measured before endoscopic procedure.ResultsTotally, 8065 patients were included. One thousand four hundred and thirty‐five patients (17.8%) had reflux esophagitis. Among them, 620 (43.2%) patients' GerdQ score was ≥ 8. For 2025 patients with GerdQ ≥ 8, 620 (30.6%) were found to have reflux esophagitis, but the remaining 69.4% (1405/2025) were normal. Proportions of patients with reflux esophagitis increased in cut‐off range from 3–18 for GerdQ. However, 22.2% of the patients with a GerdQ score ≤ 2 also had reflux esophagitis. Twenty‐eight (0.3%) patients were diagnosed to have upper GI malignancies, and 10 out of these 28 (35.7%) patients' GerdQ score was ≥ 8.ConclusionsThe study suggests the proportions of Chinese patients with reflux esophagitis rise up with the increase of GerdQ score, and GerdQ may be used for diagnosis of GERD. However, low GerdQ score cannot exclude the possibility of reflux esophagitis. A minority of Chinese patients has high GerdQ score but is diagnosed with malignancies, even in the absence of alarm features.
Reduction of Belt Restraint Use: Long‐Term Effects of the EXBELT Intervention
Authors: Gulpers Math J. M. , Bleijlevens Michel H. C. , Ambergen Ton , Capezuti Elizabeth , van Rossum Erik , Hamers Jan P. H. 
Published: January 2013

ObjectivesTo assess the long‐term effects of the EXBELT intervention program, which was designed to reduce belt restraint use and was found to be effective immediately after implementation, after 24 months.DesignQuasi‐experimental longitudinal design.SettingThirteen nursing homes: seven assigned to control group and six to intervention group.ParticipantsA panel group (n = 225) of residents present at baseline and 24 months after baseline and a survey group (n = 689) of all residents present 24 months after baseline. The survey group included the panel group.InterventionEXBELT included four components: a policy change, an educational program, consultation, and availability of alternative interventions.MeasurementsThe use of belt restraints 24 months after baseline was the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcomes included other types of physical restraints. An independent observer collected data four times during a 24‐hour period.ResultsEXBELT resulted in a 65% decrease in belt use between baseline and 24 months after baseline in the panel group (odds ratio 0.35, 95% confidence interval = 0.13–0.93; P = .04). In the survey group, the proportion of residents using belts was 13% in the control and 3% in the intervention group (P < .001) 24 months after baseline. The use of the most restrictive types of restraints was significantly lower in the intervention group than the control group in the panel and survey groups.ConclusionThe EXBELT intervention was associated with long‐term minimization of belt restraint usage in older nursing home residents. A multicomponent intervention including institutional policy change, education, consultation, and the availability of alternative interventions had an enduring effect on successful restraint reduction.
Aging, Resting Pulse Rate, and Longevity
Authors: Stessman Jochanan , Jacobs Jeremy M. , Stessman‐Lande Irit , Gilon Dan , Leibowitz David 
Published: January 2013

ObjectivesTo examine the relationship between resting pulse rate (RPR) and longevity in individuals aged 70 to 90.DesignThe Jerusalem Longitudinal Cohort Study (1990–2010) is a prospective longitudinal study of a representative cohort born in 1920–21.SettingHome‐based comprehensive assessment in 1990, 1998, and 2005.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 70 (n = 453), 78 (n = 856), and 85 (n = 1,044), with follow‐up to age 90.MeasurementsComprehensive assessment included average RPR, beta‐blocker usage, and physical activity level. Mortality data were collected from the Ministry of Interior from 1990 to 2010.MethodsCox proportional hazards ratios (HRs) were determined for RPR (continuous variable), adjusting for sex, education, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, hypertension, kidney disease, anemia, physical activity, body mass index, self‐rated health, dementia, beta‐blocker use, and an interaction term for RPR by beta‐blocker use.ResultsMean RPR was 75.1 ± 9.9 at 70, 74.5 ± 10.9 at 78, and 68.5 ± 10.5 at 85 in women and 74.3 ± 10.7 at 70, 73.1 ± 11.2 at 78, and 65.2 ± 10.5 at 85 in men, with a significant decline from 78 to 85 for both sexes. In participants not taking beta‐blockers followed up from 70 to 77, 78 to 84, and 85 to 90, mean RPR was lower in survivors than nonsurvivors for women (75.8 ± 9.2 vs 83.5 ± 10.9, P < .001; 75.2 ± 9.8 vs 79.9 ± 12.6, P = .004; 71.5 ± 9.9 vs 74.6 ± 10.7, P = .02, respectively) and men (75.2 ± 10.3 vs 75.2 ± 10.9, P = .98; 73.5 ± 10.1 vs 77.2 ± 12.1, P = .005; 67.1 ± 9.5 vs 70.4 ± 11.7, P = .01, respectively). Adjusted HRs for mortality per 10‐beat increase in RPR during follow‐up were 1.13 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.87–1.47) for 70 to 77, 1.35 (95% CI = 1.11–1.65) for 78 to 84, and 1.17 (95% CI = 1.01–1.37) for 85 to 90.ConclusionRPR declines in the oldest old, and this decline is associated with greater longevity. It may serve as a simple prognostic marker in the oldest old.
Men's experiences of regaining urinary continence following robotic‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) for localised prostate cancer: a qualitative phenomenological study
Authors: Waller Jo , Pattison Natalie 
Published: January 2013

Aims and objectivesTo understand how men interpret their experiences of regaining continence following robotic‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP).BackgroundRALP is an innovative surgical technique intended to minimise the risk of long‐term postoperative urinary incontinence in localised prostate cancer. Studies have shown that urinary function and quality of life domains can be adversely affected following RALP; however, the impact on men's lives has been hitherto unreported.DesignA qualitative study using hermeneutic phenomenologyMethodsFace‐to‐face, in‐depth audio‐recorded interviews with seven men (aged 57–71) who had recently undergone RALP and defined themselves as continent of urine. Data were inductively analysed for themes using an adapted version of Diekelmann et al. [1989, The NLN Criteria of Appraisal of Baccalaureate Programs: A Critical Hermeneutic Analysis, 1st edn. National League for Nursing (NLN) Press, New York, NY] framework.ResultsMen's experiences of regaining continence were situated within a wider network of personal and social relationships, and cultural structures. Themes included ‘what was forecast’, ‘after‐sales service’, ‘new plumbing’, ‘sense of self’. Men adopted a variety of practical coping strategies: preventing incontinence; improving incontinence; and dealing with lack of bladder control.ConclusionThe need to regain a sense of control over their lives resulted in all men developing coping mechanisms in order that they could resume their societal roles, which were salient to their personal identity, inferring that men's ability to cope with incontinence after RALP was dependent on factors other than urinary leakage alone.Relevance to clinical practiceKnowledge of the potential impact of RALP could help nurses tailor appropriate interventions. Incontinence is individually interpreted and may not be well‐addressed by traditional ‘one‐size fits all’ preoperative programmes or information. Flexible and imaginative options (e.g., activity‐focused interventions; buddy systems; internet programmes; telephone follow‐up) for preoperative and postoperative support and activities for men may improve men's uptake of such services, through specialist nurse or peer support.
Care satisfaction among older people receiving public care and service at home or in special accommodation
Authors: Karlsson Staffan , Edberg Anna‐Karin , Jakobsson Ulf , Hallberg Ingalill R 
Published: January 2013

Aims and objectivesTo explore care satisfaction in relation to place of living, health‐related quality of life, functional dependency and health complaints among people 65 years or older, receiving public care and service. The concept public care and service concerns formal care from the municipality, including home help, home nursing care, rehabilitation and a special accommodation.BackgroundTo be able to provide care and service of high quality to older people, knowledge about factors influencing their experience of satisfaction with the care is essential.DesignCross‐sectional, including comparison and correlation.MethodsOne‐hundred sixty‐six people receiving public care and service from the municipality were interviewed regarding demography, functional ability, perceived health complaints and care. Health‐related quality of life was measured with SF‐12, and self‐rated care satisfaction was measured with a questionnaire.ResultsLow self‐rated care satisfaction was associated with dependency in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, blindness, faeces incontinence and anxiety, while high self‐rated care satisfaction was associated with dependency in Personal Activities of Daily Living. Those at home rated an overall higher care satisfaction and were more satisfied with care continuity and personal relations; they thought that the staff had more time and were more respectful and quiet, than the ratings by those in a special accommodation (equivalent to a nursing home).ConclusionsCare satisfaction and health‐related quality of life among older people was more associated with functional impairment and health complaints than to whether care and service was received at home or in a special accommodation.Relevance to clinical practiceAn approach using intervention focused on functional ability and health complaints is important for development of improved care satisfaction for older people receiving public care and service.
An investigation of the effects of dithranol-induced apoptosis in a human keratinocyte cell line
Authors: George Suja E , Anderson Rosaleen J , Haswell Malcolm , Groundwater Paul W 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Objectives
Dithranol, one of the most successful topical agents for the treatment of psoriasis, has been shown to exert its therapeutic effect by inducing keratinocyte apoptosis. To gain further insights into dithranol-induced apoptotic events in vitro, a detailed investigation of its time- and dose-dependent effects has been performed through the evaluation of selected apoptotic markers, using a human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) as a model.

Methods
The time- and dose-dependent effects of dithranol on a human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) were investigated through the evaluation of a series of apoptotic markers; morphological changes (electron microscopy), phosphatidylserine externalisation (flow cytometry), and caspase-3/7 activation.

Key findings
The dithranol-induced apoptotic cascade was found to follow a well-defined dose and time-course, with the concentration and the period of exposure to the drug acting as the two major factors influencing the events and nature of cell death. The earliest apoptotic event detected was caspase activation (after 6 h), followed by the occurrence of phosphatidylserine externalisation (after 9 h) and subsequently the morphological characteristics associated with early and late stage apoptosis/necrosis (after 12 h).

Conclusions
This study has elucidated the dose- and time-response effects of dithranol-induced apoptosis in human keratinocytes in vitro.
Approximate Bayesian computation for modular inference problems with many parameters: the example of migration rates
Authors: Aeschbacher S. , Futschik A. , Beaumont M. A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWe propose a two‐step procedure for estimating multiple migration rates in an approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) framework, accounting for global nuisance parameters. The approach is not limited to migration, but generally of interest for inference problems with multiple parameters and a modular structure (e.g. independent sets of demes or loci). We condition on a known, but complex demographic model of a spatially subdivided population, motivated by the reintroduction of Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) into Switzerland. In the first step, the global parameters ancestral mutation rate and male mating skew have been estimated for the whole population in Aeschbacher et al. (Genetics 2012; 192: 1027). In the second step, we estimate in this study the migration rates independently for clusters of demes putatively connected by migration. For large clusters (many migration rates), ABC faces the problem of too many summary statistics. We therefore assess by simulation if estimation per pair of demes is a valid alternative. We find that the trade‐off between reduced dimensionality for the pairwise estimation on the one hand and lower accuracy due to the assumption of pairwise independence on the other depends on the number of migration rates to be inferred: the accuracy of the pairwise approach increases with the number of parameters, relative to the joint estimation approach. To distinguish between low and zero migration, we perform ABC‐type model comparison between a model with migration and one without. Applying the approach to microsatellite data from Alpine ibex, we find no evidence for substantial gene flow via migration, except for one pair of demes in one direction.
Physical restraints practice in adult intensive care units in Egypt
Authors: Kandeel Nahed Attia , Attia Amal Kadry 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPhysical restraints are commonly used in intensive care units to reduce the risk of injury and ensure patient safety. However, there is still controversy regarding the practice of physical restraints in such units. The purpose of this study was to investigate the practices of physical restraints among critical care nurses in El‐Mansoura City, Egypt. The study involved a convenience sample of 275 critically ill adult patients, and 153 nurses. Data were collected from 11 intensive care units using a “physical restraint observation form” and a “structured questionnaire.” The results revealed that physical restraint was commonly used to ensure patient safety. Assessment of physical restraint was mainly restricted to peripheral circulation. The most commonly reported physically restrained site complications included: redness, bruising, swelling, and edema. The results illustrated a lack of documentation on physical restraint and a lack of education of patients and their families about the rationale of physical restraint usage. The study shed light on the need for standard guidelines and policies for physical restraint practices in Egyptian intensive care units.
Predischarge education improves adherence to a healthy lifestyle among Jordanian patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Eshah Nidal F. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractRisk factor reduction and modification of patient lifestyle have become the focus of secondary prevention and cardiac rehabilitation programs. Considering the scarcity of resources in developing countries, nurses can potentially provide great benefit to acute coronary syndrome patients by utilizing hospital time to teach the patients how to lower their risk for recurrence and adopt healthier lifestyles after discharge. The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness of a predischarge education on acute coronary syndrome patients' lifestyles. Quasi‐experimental pretest–post‐test design was used. The patients assigned to the experimental group were offered predischarge education that stimulates lifestyle modification and adoption of a healthier lifestyle. The experimental group scored significantly higher than the control group in three lifestyle components – health responsibilities, nutrition, and interpersonal relations. In conclusion, predischarge education helps motivate acute coronary syndrome patients to adhere to a healthy lifestyle postdischarge. Therefore, nurses must be educated and prepared to be qualified health educators, and health education should continue as one of the most important daily nursing practices, thus it is invested in the preparation of acute coronary patients' discharge plan.