bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Many Complexities in Treating and Studying Narcissism
Authors: Levy Kenneth N. 
Published: April 2014

In this commentary I examine conceptual and methodological issues in Dr. Riordan's (2012) presentation of three cases treated using Mitchell’s integrative model that combines aspects of Kernberg and Kohut's technical stances in the treatment of narcissism. Riordan proposes that Mitchell's integrative model provides a useful blend of Kernberg's focus on defense and Kohut's focus on empathy. He then provides case material to illustrate the benefits of Mitchell’s model. In discussing Riordan's paper, I focus on approaches to the case study method and present technical advances in Kernberg's approach that I believe address the concerns articulated by Riordan. These issues are examined in the current context of evidence-based practice.
Exposure Therapy -- What Is It That We Are Selling?
Authors: Ramnero Jonas , Folke Fredrik 
Published: April 2014

This discussion is a response to Muller and Schultz’s (2012) thoughtful commentary on our case series on treating Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) in this issue of the Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy. We join Muller and Schultz in their dedication to exposure treatment. We elaborate on their perceptive comments on what exposure is, and how it is presented, applied, and implemented most effectively, in the context of BDD specifically. We conclude by briefly exploring some of the complexities of the theory underlying exposure therapy.
Values-Focused Exposure and Response Prevention in the Treatment of Comorbid Schizophrenia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: The Case of "Mr. H"
Authors: Golden Ashleigh , Holaway Robert M. 
Published: April 2014

We describe a subgroup of individuals with comorbid diagnoses of paranoid schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive (OCD) disorder. It is proposed that traditional exposure and response prevention (ERP) may need to be altered given the unique characteristics of this subgroup. We suggest that providers may approach treatment for OCD from within the context of a patient’s delusion. The case study of "Mr. H," a veteran of the U.S. military diagnosed with schizophrenia and OCD, is described. We propose that attenuating or eliminating obsessions and compulsions may not result in the achievement of a goal stemming from a delusional belief, but may contribute to an increased sense of mastery and independence.
Considerations for Modifying Exposure and Response Prevention: The Cases of Mr. H and Angela
Authors: Austern David , Farber Tanya , Marinchak James 
Published: April 2014

Exposure and response prevention (ERP) is considered the gold standard treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, when comorbidity or other clinically relevant issues arise, the standard ERP protocol may require modification. Golden and Holaway's (2013) case of "Mr. H" and Pontes and Pereira's (2013) case of "Angela" offer excellent examples of clients presenting with these clinical challenges. Our commentary addresses some of the concerns raised by these authors by bringing in the emerging field of Distress Tolerance (DT) research. Using examples from the authors’ cases, along with relevant research, we suggest that clinicians who wish to modify ERP consider the proposed alterations carefully by simultaneously thinking more broadly and more specifically about the psychopathology present. In addition, we stress the necessity of various forms of continual outcome monitoring.
The Anxiety Disorders Clinic for Children and Adolescents (TADCCA) at Aarhus University in Denmark
Authors: Thastum Mikael 
Published: April 2014

This article serves as an introduction to the two case studies in this issue of PCSP. The first is the single case of "Erik," a 12-year-old boy with cognitive difficulties and multiple anxiety disorders who was seen with his family in a cognitive behavioral therapy group program designed for children with anxiety problems. The second case study is one of the total group of six families in which Erik was participating; as such it includes a summary of Erik's case in the context of the other five who participated. The group was conducted by a combination of a senior doctoral clinical psychologist and eight students. They were part of a training clinic, called The Anxiety Disorder Clinic for Children and Adolescents (TADCCA), in the Educational and Research Clinic of the Department of Psychology at Aarhus University in Aarhus, Denmark. This article describes the background and context of the TADCAA in which the two case studies took place.
The Politicization of Family Life: How Headship Became Essential to Evangelical Identity in the Late Twentieth Century
Authors: Stasson Anneke 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThis article describes the fluidity of evangelical gender ideology during the 1970s and posits that belief in male headship became one of the distinct marks of evangelical identity in the late 1970s and early 1980s. At that time, the Christian Right led a campaign against the Equal Rights Amendment, arguing that the ERA was the means by which feminists were seeking to destroy the family. It became politically expedient for evangelicals to assert their support for male headship over and against a feminist paradigm of the family. In the 1990s and 2000s, as evangelicals had begun to feel less animosity towards feminism and had actually absorbed many feminist assumptions, the Christian Right's campaign against gay marriage gave evangelicals a new reason to cling to the ideology of male headship. The campaigns against the ERA and gay marriage have made evangelicals aware of the very real presence of different models of family in American society. This awareness has enhanced commitment to the headship model of marriage.Historians Betty DeBerg and Margaret Bendroth have done much to point historians to the way in which gender ideology has been important to evangelical identity over the last century. By analyzing anti-ERA and anti-gay marriage evangelical literature, this article argues that gender ideology was integral to the formation of evangelical identity during the last third of the twentieth century. Thus, the article seeks to extend the argument of DeBerg and Bendroth into the 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s and to present gender ideology as a key feature in defining twentieth-century American evangelicalism.
“If a War It May Be Called”: The Peace Policy with American Indians
Authors: Graber Jennifer 
Published: April 2014

AbstractIn 1869, President Ulysses S. Grant initiated the “Peace Policy” with American Indians, an approach that privileged humane interactions with native peoples and allowed religious groups to run reservations across the American West. The Society of Friends, or Quakers, administered the largest number of reservations and symbolized the policy's benevolent aims. This essay explores varying Quaker understandings of peaceful relations with Indians as well as the general public's perception of the Friends' nonviolence. The essay focuses on an 1871 Indian attack on an overland wagon train, including Quaker engagements with the army in the attack's aftermath. Despite the Society's part in an emerging culture of threat against Plains Indians, Americans continued to consider both the Society and the policy to be peaceful. As such, this episode proves useful for understanding the intersections of religion and violence in United States history. Close analysis of the internal Quaker debate about military engagement, as well as Americans' ongoing identification of the policy with nonviolence, shows how religious groups and religious language were employed to reclassify episodes of violence as peace.
Xenon Ventilation During Therapeutic Hypothermia in Neonatal Encephalopathy: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Dingley John , Tooley James , Liu Xun , Scull-Brown Emma , Elstad Maja , Chakkarapani Ela , Sabir Hemmen , Thoresen Marianne 
Published: April 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Therapeutic hypothermia has become standard of care in newborns with moderate and severe neonatal encephalopathy; however, additional interventions are needed. In experimental models, breathing xenon gas during cooling offers long-term additive neuroprotection. This is the first xenon feasibility study in cooled infants. Xenon is expensive, requiring a closed-circuit delivery system.

METHODS:
Cooled newborns with neonatal encephalopathy were eligible for this single-arm, dose-escalation study if clinically stable, under 18 hours of age and requiring less than 35% oxygen. Xenon duration increased stepwise from 3 to 18 hours in 14 subjects; 1 received 25% xenon and 13 received 50%. Respiratory, cardiovascular, neurologic (ie, amplitude-integrated EEG, seizures), and inflammatory (C-reactive protein) effects were examined. The effects of starting or stopping xenon rapidly or slowly were studied. Three matched control subjects per xenon treated subject were selected from our cooling database. Follow-up was at 18 months using mental developmental and physical developmental indexes of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II.

RESULTS:
No adverse respiratory or cardiovascular effects, including post-extubation stridor, were seen. Xenon increased sedation and suppressed seizures and background electroencephalographic activity. Seizures sometimes occurred during rapid weaning of xenon but not during slow weaning. C-reactive protein levels were similar between groups. Hourly xenon consumption was 0.52 L. Three died, and 7 of 11 survivors had mental and physical developmental index scores ≥70 at follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS:
Breathing 50% xenon for up to 18 hours with 72 hours of cooling was feasible, with no adverse effects seen with 18 months' follow-up.
Public Perceptions of Pharmacogenetics
Authors: Zhang Steven C. , Bruce Carleton , Hayden Michael , Rieder Michael J. 
Published: April 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Pharmacogenetics (PGx) promises to optimize patient response to therapy. However, the public’s acceptance of PGx is not well known, notably when this applies to children. Our objective was to explore perceptions of PGx testing among individuals, who differ from each other by either parental status or educational exposure to PGx, and to explore parents’ views between PGx testing for oneself and PGx testing for their children.

METHODS:
An exploratory survey was conducted among parents and other adults. Surveys P and C were completed by parents, survey NP by middle-aged nonparents, and survey MS by medical students.

RESULTS:
Proper explanation before PGx testing appeared to be the most important issue to the respondents (eg, P = 1.55 × 10−38 for survey NP). Respondents who were more knowledgeable about PGx were also more comfortable with PGx testing (eg, P = 2.53 × 10−7 in case of mild disease). When PGx testing was for one’s child, parents valued their own understanding more than their child’s assent (P = 1.57 × 10−17).

CONCLUSIONS:
The acceptability of PGx testing, either for oneself or for one’s child, seemed to depend on baseline PGx knowledge, but not on parenthood.
Dipstick Screening for Urinary Tract Infection in Febrile Infants
Authors: Glissmeyer Eric W. , Korgenski E. Kent , Wilkes Jacob , Schunk Jeff E. , Sheng Xiaoming , Blaschke Anne J. , Byington Carrie L. 
Published: April 2014

OBJECTIVE:This study compares the performance of urine dipstick alone with urine microscopy and with both tests combined as a screen for urinary tract infection (UTI) in febrile infants aged 1 to 90 days.METHODS:We queried the Intermountain Healthcare data warehouse to identify febrile infants with urine dipstick, microscopy, and culture performed between 2004 and 2011. UTI was defined as &gt;50 000 colony-forming units per milliliter of a urinary pathogen. We compared the performance of urine dipstick with unstained microscopy or both tests combined (“combined urinalysis”) to identify UTI in infants aged 1 to 90 days.RESULTS:Of 13 030 febrile infants identified, 6394 (49%) had all tests performed and were included in the analysis. Of these, 770 (12%) had UTI. Urine culture results were positive within 24 hours in 83% of UTIs. The negative predictive value (NPV) was &gt;98% for all tests. The combined urinalysis NPV was 99.2% (95% confidence interval: 99.1%–99.3%) and was significantly greater than the dipstick NPV of 98.7% (98.6%–98.8%). The dipstick positive predictive value was significantly greater than combined urinalysis (66.8% [66.2%–67.4%] vs 51.2% [50.6%–51.8%]). These data suggest 8 febrile infants would be predicted to have a false-positive combined urinalysis for every 1 infant with UTI initially missed by dipstick screening.CONCLUSIONS:Urine dipstick testing compares favorably with both microscopy and combined urinalysis in febrile infants aged 1 to 90 days. The urine dipstick test may be an adequate stand-alone screen for UTI in febrile infants while awaiting urine culture results.
Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-analysis
Authors: McElhanon Barbara O. , McCracken Courtney , Karpen Saul , Sharp William G. 
Published: April 2014

BACKGROUND:In pediatric settings, parents often raise concerns about possible gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet the specificity of these concerns are not well studied.OBJECTIVE:To conduct a meta-analysis of research investigating GI symptoms among children with ASD.METHODS:We searched Medline, PsycINFO, and PubMed databases (1980–2012) in peer-reviewed journals. Analysis involved studies with a comparison group presenting quantitative data on GI symptoms using combinations of terms for ASD and GI indicators. The systematic search yielded 15 studies. We calculated effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a random-effects model.RESULTS:Children with ASD experience significantly more general GI symptoms than comparison groups, with a standardized mean difference of 0.82 (0.24) and a corresponding odds ratio (OR) of 4.42 (95% CI, 1.90–10.28). Analysis also indicated higher rates of diarrhea (OR, 3.63; 95% CI, 1.82–7.23), constipation (OR, 3.86; 95% CI, 2.23–6.71), and abdominal pain (OR, 2.45; 95% CI, 1.19–5.07).CONCLUSIONS:Results indicate greater prevalence of GI symptoms among children with ASD compared with control children. Identified studies involved high methodological variability and lack of comprehensive data prohibited analysis of GI pathophysiologies (eg, gastroesophageal reflux) typically associated with organic etiologies, limiting conclusions about the underpinnings of the observed association. Future research must address critical questions about the causes and long-term impact of GI symptoms in ASD. Such analyses will require more systematic research and clinical activities, including improved diagnostic screening, standardized assessment, and exploration of potential moderators (eg, dietary restrictions).
High-Deductible Health Plans
Authors:   COMMITTEE ON CHILD HEALTH FINANCING, Shenkin Budd N. , Long Thomas F. , Berman Suzanne Kathleen , Brandt Mary L. , Helm Mark , Hudak Mark , Price Jonathan , Racine Andrew D. , Shenkin Budd N. , Snider Iris Grace , White Patience Haydock , Droge Molly , Willis Earnestine 
Published: April 2014

This Policy Statement was retired May 2023.
High-deductible health plans (HDHPs) are insurance policies with higher deductibles than conventional plans. The Medicare Prescription Drug Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 linked many HDHPs with tax-advantaged spending accounts. The 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act continues to provide for HDHPs in its lower-level plans on the health insurance marketplace and provides for them in employer-offered plans. HDHPs decrease the premium cost of insurance policies for purchasers and shift the risk of further payments to the individual subscriber. HDHPs reduce utilization and total medical costs, at least in the short term. Because HDHPs require out-of-pocket payment in the initial stages of care, primary care and other outpatient services as well as elective procedures are the services most affected, whereas higher-cost services in the health care system, incurred after the deductible is met, are unaffected. HDHPs promote adverse selection because healthier and wealthier patients tend to opt out of conventional plans in favor of HDHPs. Because the ill pay more than the healthy under HDHPs, families with children with special health care needs bear an increased cost burden in this model. HDHPs discourage use of nonpreventive primary care and thus are at odds with most recommendations for improving the organization of health care, which focus on strengthening primary care.
This policy statement provides background information on HDHPs, discusses the implications for families and pediatric care providers, and suggests courses of action.
Child Life Services
Authors:   COMMITTEE ON HOSPITAL CARE and CHILD LIFE COUNCIL, Percelay Jack M. , Betts James M. , Chitkara Maribeth B. , Jewell Jennifer A. , Preuschoff Claudia K. , Rauch Daniel A. 
Published: April 2014

This Policy Statement was retired. See https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-040261.
Child life programs are an important component of pediatric hospital–based care to address the psychosocial concerns that accompany hospitalization and other health care experiences. Child life specialists focus on the optimal development and well-being of infants, children, adolescents, and young adults while promoting coping skills and minimizing the adverse effects of hospitalization, health care, and/or other potentially stressful experiences. Using therapeutic play, expressive modalities, and psychological preparation as primary tools, in collaboration with the entire health care team and family, child life interventions facilitate coping and adjustment at times and under circumstances that might otherwise prove overwhelming for the child. Play and developmentally appropriate communication are used to: (1) promote optimal development; (2) educate children and families about health conditions; (3) prepare children and families for medical events or procedures; (4) plan and rehearse useful coping and pain management strategies; (5) help children work through feelings about past or impending experiences; and (6) establish therapeutic relationships with patients, siblings, and parents to support family involvement in each child’s care.
Flow cytometry analysis of coxsackievirus B receptors expression in human CaCo-2 cells
Authors: Riabi Samira , Harrath Rafik , Gaâloul Imed , Hamzeh-Cognasse Hind , Délezay Olivier , Aouni Mahjoub , Pozzetto Bruno 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
A subset of coxsackieviruses B (CV-B) is able to initiate intestinal infection via the attachment to two cell surface proteins, decayaccelerating factor (DAF) and coxsackie adenovirus receptor (CAR). The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression pattern of these receptors in the polarized CaCo-2 cell line using flow cytometry. The expression of CAR-specific mRNA and proteins was analyzed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis was used to study the surface expression patterns of CAR and DAF. CAR and DAF were well detected at the surface of CaCo-2 cells by flow cytometry. Despite the fact that CAR was susceptible to the action of trypsin, a few amounts of the latter enzyme and a precise dilution did not impair its correct detection by flow cytometry. This technique was used to demonstrate that the density of cells did not influence the expression of CAR at the cell surface. CaCo-2 cells express high levels of CAR and DAF at their surface. Flow cytometry, if used adequately, represents a helpful tool for the study of the interactions between these cells and various viral targets.
Bithermal caloric test results and vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in patients with vestibular migraine
Authors: Sanyelbhaa Talaat Hossam , Sanyelbhaa Talaat Ahmed 
Published: May 2014

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to study the ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials, cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials, and bithermal caloric test results in subjects with vestibular migraine and to discover whether they are correlated.

Study design:
The study group included 50 patients with vestibular migraine (32 females, 18 males), with age range 18–60 years (38 ± 12.2). The control group included 60 healthy volunteers of matched age and gender distribution. Audiovestibular evaluation in the form of pure tone audiometry, middle ear immittance, ocular and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials, and a bithermal caloric test were performed after at least three days from the last migraine or vertiginous episode; none of the study group was kept on prophylactic treatment for migraine.

Results:
Normal vestibular evoked myogenic potentials and caloric responses were reported in the entire control group and 12 subjects (24%) of the study group. Unilateral canal paresis was reported in 19 subjects in the study group. Abnormal ocular and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials were registered in 27 and 30 subjects of the study group, respectively; abnormal vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (either ocular or cervical) were registered in 38 subjects. In this study 80 abnormal ocular and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials were registered in the study group; there were 14 traces showing delayed peak latency and 66 traces showing absent responses. There were positive correlations between the incidence of canal paresis and both abnormal ocular and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in the ipsilateral and the contralateral ears.

Conclusions:
The patients with vestibular migraine showed a significantly higher prevalence of abnormal bithermal caloric test results and ocular and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials. Significant canal paresis is associated with more pronounced abnormal vestibular evoked myogenic potentials
Study on Packing Phase Control Based on the Cavity Pressure-Temperature during Injection Molding
Authors: Xie P. C. , Wang X. H. , Wu T. , Ding Y. M. , Yang W. M. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Packing phase control during injection molding process plays a crucial role in ensuring the product quality. As one of the hot topics in the field of polymer precise injection molding, quality control of injection molded parts has always been of concern. In this present study, a part weight control method based on the cavity pressure-temperature during the packing phase was proposed. Experimental results illustrated that the proposed method, which used cavity pressure and Pressure-Temperature (P-T) control as filling-to-packing switchover mode and packing method respectively, was an effective approach for the part weight control. Typical crystalline material (polypropylene) and amorphous material (ABS) were chosen to further verify the feasibility of the control method, and experiments had shown to yield consistent conclusions. The experimental results and conclusions presented in this paper will be useful for proper setting of injection molding process.