bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baltimore City's Model Court: Professional Stakeholders' Experience with Baltimore City's One Family, One Judge Docketing*
Authors: Shdaimah Corey , Summers Alicia 
Published: April 2013

The one family, one judge model is a recommended “best practice” adopted in jurisdictions across the country. This article reports findings from a survey of professional stakeholders (N = 165) in Baltimore regarding their perception of a recently implemented one family, one judge model in their jurisdiction. Perceptions of the one family, one judge practice are mostly positive; stakeholders believe that it improves the fairness and consistency of decision‐making. Stakeholder concerns focused on implementation, scheduling, and familiarity among parties. Based on our findings, we highlight the importance of ongoing efforts to reduce potential bias, to improve scheduling practices, and to increase inter‐ and intra‐agency coordination and communication to ensure that the one family, one judge model lives up to its promise while mitigating potential concerns.
Key Points for the Family Court Community
Most stakeholders are satisfied with the one family, one judge docketing as implemented in Baltimore City and believe that it has improved efficiency and decision‐making.
In planning and implementing one family, one judge docketing, jurisdictions must take into account logistical considerations that can impact the program feasibility, acceptance, and success. These include fiscal resources, local regulations, staffing, and workplace structures.
Communication and good relationships among stakeholders and agencies can help facilitate implementation of model court practices such as one family, one judge docketing.
Stakeholders voiced mixed concerns regarding the fairness of one family, one judge. Some stakeholders believed that the one family, one judge model potentially or actually exacerbated judicial bias; whereas others believed that the model reduced judicial bias. Understanding these concerns is important in directing future research and practice.
Insulin receptor substrate‐2 is expressed in kidney epithelium and up‐regulated in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Hookham Michelle B. , O'Donovan Helen C. , Church Rachel H. , Mercier‐Zuber Annie , Luzi Lucilla , Curran Simon P. , Carew Rosemarie M. , Droguett Alejandra , Mezzano Sergio , Schubert Markus , White Morris F. , Crean John K. , Brazil Derek P. 
Published: April 2013

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a progressive fibrotic condition that may lead to end‐stage renal disease and kidney failure. Transforming growth factor‐β1 and bone morphogenetic protein‐7 (BMP7) have been shown to induce DN‐like changes in the kidney and protect the kidney from such changes, respectively. Recent data identified insulin action at the level of the nephron as a crucial factor in the development and progression of DN. Insulin requires a family of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins for its physiological effects, and many reports have highlighted the role of insulin and IRS proteins in kidney physiology and disease. Here, we observed IRS2 expression predominantly in the developing and adult kidney epithelium in mouse and human. BMP7 treatment of human kidney proximal tubule epithelial cells (HK‐2 cells) increases IRS2 transcription. In addition, BMP7 treatment of HK‐2 cells induces an electrophoretic shift in IRS2 migration on SDS/PAGE, and increased association with phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase, probably due to increased tyrosine/serine phosphorylation. In a cohort of DN patients with a range of chronic kidney disease severity, IRS2 mRNA levels were elevated approximately ninefold, with the majority of IRS2 staining evident in the kidney tubules in DN patients. These data show that IRS2 is expressed in the kidney epithelium and may play a role in the downstream protective events triggered by BMP7 in the kidney. The specific up‐regulation of IRS2 in the kidney tubules of DN patients also indicates a novel role for IRS2 as a marker and/or mediator of human DN progression.Structured digital abstract

IRS2 physically interacts with p85α by anti bait coimmunoprecipitation (View interaction)
Empirical Validation of Reading Proficiency Guidelines
Authors: Clifford Ray , Cox Troy L. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe validation of ability scales describing multidimensional skills is always challenging, but not impossible. This study applies a multistage, criterion‐referenced approach that uses a framework of aligned texts and reading tasks to explore the validity of the ACTFL and related reading proficiency guidelines. Rasch measurement and statistical analyses of data generated in three separate language studies confirm a significant difference in reading difficulty between the proficiency levels tested.
Population decline and life‐cycle changes in a phantom midge (Chaoborus flavicans) after introduction of planktivorous fish
Authors: Regmi Bishnu P. , Wivegh Jan S. , Hobæk Anders 
Published: April 2013

Summary

Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis), a non‐native planktivorous fish species in western Norway, has been released into Lake Myravatn, which previously lacked planktivorous fish. Prior to the introduction, the zooplankton community was structured by predation by larvae of the phantom midge (Chaoborus flavicans), which maintained a bivoltine life cycle in the lake.

We hypothesised that the perch introduction would diminish the density and alter the bivoltine life‐cycle pattern of Chaoborus. To assess this, we used time series data from before (1983) and after (2007–10) the perch introduction.

The perch appears to have effectively exterminated the previously dominant predator C. flavicans within 4–5 years of introduction into the lake. The density of the larvae in the water column was high in 1983 as well as in 2007, with maximum levels recorded in August (up to 15 400 individuals m−2). In 2008, larval density was lower than in previous years, but the most dramatic decline occurred in 2009 (maximum 212 individuals m−2). In 2010, the density was very low (maximum 11 individuals m−2), and after July 2010, no larvae were found in the water column. The number of larvae residing in the sediments also declined quickly after the perch introduction.

In 1983 and 2007, C. flavicans produced two generations per year. Following the first emergence and reproduction in May, young larvae appeared in June and developed rapidly to emergence and reproduced again in August. Young larvae appeared again in August–September. In 2008, young larvae appeared only in June with no second emergence and reproduction. In 2009, young larvae did not appear until July, and again no further reproduction took place. Only a few instar IV larvae were recorded in 2010. The collapse in life cycle into a univoltine pattern occurred prior to the main population decline.

We conclude that direct predation by perch on Chaoborus larvae is the most likely explanation for the observed changes in their life cycle and density. It appears that the C. flavicans population of Lake Myravatn is approaching extinction.
Expectations of new treatment in rheumatoid arthritis: developing a patient‐generated questionnaire
Authors: Hofmann Darija , Ibrahim Fowzia , Rose Diana , Scott David L. , Cope Andrew , Wykes Til , Lempp Heidi 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundService‐user partnerships in research exist in mental health, but there have been few advances in other disciplines, apart from cancer.ObjectivesTo develop a patient‐generated expectancy measure for new treatments in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), using a participatory method.MethodStage 1: three repeated focus groups and two expert panels with patients withRAconducted by a patient researcher to generate items for the draft questionnaire. Stage 2: feasibility study of draft scale with consecutive outpatient attendees.ResultsPatients identified 21 dimensions of new treatment expectations, grouped into (i) physical, (ii) psycho‐social and (iii) expectations relating to the impact of treatment. This resulted in a draft instrument assessed in a feasibility study.Discussion and ConclusionThe participatory research method was useful in involving patients actively in research and to produce collaboratively a feasible, valid and acceptable measure inRA. The scale will be included in a longitudinal observational study, with newly diagnosed patients, to assess (i) whether the new scale demonstrates sensitivity to change for expectations when receiving new treatment and (ii) participants' completion rate of the new scale compared with five instruments included in the future study.
Preliminary Model and Technology of Piezoelectric Low Temperature Co‐fired Ceramic (LTCC) Uniaxial Accelerometer
Authors: Jurków Dominik , Dąbrowski Arkadiusz , Golonka Leszek , Zawada Tomasz 
Published: April 2013

Design procedure, technology and basic properties of a piezoelectric Low Temperature Co‐fired Ceramics (LTCC) accelerometer are presented in this paper. The sensor consists of a LTCC membrane with a seismic mass. Meggitt InSensor® PZT thick film has been applied as the sensing material. Finite element method (FEM) has been used to analyze the impact of the sensor geometry (membrane thickness, membrane and seismic mass radii) and PZT thick film placement on basic properties (sensitivity and bandwidth) of the device. The LTCC process was optimized in order to create thin and planar ceramic membrane with relatively huge seismic mass. Selected properties of the sensor have been measured and compared with the simulated ones.
Modelling sorption kinetic of sponge cake crumb added with milk syrup
Authors: Díaz‐Ramírez Mayra , Calderón‐Domínguez Georgina , Chanona‐Pérez J. Jorge , Janovitz‐Klapp Arturo , López‐Santiago Rubén , Farrera‐Rebollo Reynold R. , de la Paz Salgado‐Cruz Ma 
Published: April 2013

SummarySponge cake is an ideal product to be soaked with liquids, due to its porous structure; baking process causes differences in crumb features through the cake; therefore, it is important to know how these variations can affect its sorption capacity. The aim of this work was to study the relation between crumb cake structure at different levels (bottom, centre and top) and sorption characteristics when adding milk syrup. The Peleg model was the best to fit sorption data (R2 > 0.9), showing that the rate constant (k1) diminished as the cell density (r = 0.920) and gelatinisation percentage (r = 0.890) decreased, while moisture (r = −0.999) and aw (r = −0.994) increased; cell density only correlated with gelatinisation percentage (r = 0.997); micrographs showed that the sorption rate increased as more gelatinised starch and coagulated protein were found. To optimise the sorption process, the gelatinisation degree and crumb structure (cell density and types of pores) should be considered.
Regulation of circadian locomotor rhythm by neuropeptide Y‐like system in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: He C. , Cong X. , Zhang R. , Wu D. , An C. , Zhao Z. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractCircadian rhythms in behaviour and physiology exist widely in animals, plants, fungi and cyanobacteria. Although much work has been carried out to characterize the endogenous clock circuit, the output signals coupling the circadian pacemaker to behaviour and physiology remain elusive. Here, we show that neuropeptide F (NPF), a homologue of mammalian neuropeptide Y, and its G protein‐coupled receptor NPFR1 regulate the locomotor rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. Flies with loss of function in NPF or NPFR1 were unable to ramp up their activity before lights off under light : dark (LD) cycles, and oscillations in npf/NPF and npfr1/NPFR1 were found to correlate temporally with the locomotor rhythm. Furthermore, NPF is expressed in clock neurones including dorsolateral neurones (LNds) and ventrolateral neurones (LNvs), whereas NPFR1 is expressed in dorsal neurone 1 (DN1) and LNds. These results show that NPF signalling is involved in the circadian locomotor rhythm in LD cycles.
Polyphenol oxidase inactivation and vitamin C degradation kinetics of Fuji apple quarters by high humidity air impingement blanching
Authors: Bai Jun‐Wen , Gao Zhen‐Jiang , Xiao Hong‐Wei , Wang Xiao‐Tuo , Zhang Qian 
Published: April 2013

SummaryIn this study, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and vitamin C were used as the indicators of enzymes and nutrients to evaluate the apple quality during high humidity air impingement blanching (HHAIB) process. The PPO can be completely inactivated within 7 min at 90–120 °C and can retain relatively more vitamin C in the case of PPO fully inactivation. PPO inactivation followed zero‐order kinetics model at 90 and 100 °C, and followed first‐order fraction model at 110 and 120 °C. Activation energy (Ea) of PPO inactivation was between 11.61 and 13.66 kJ mol−1 by Arrhenius equation. Vitamin C degradation under all processing temperatures was well described by first‐order model and its Ea value was 26.69 kJ mol−1. Therefore, the HHAIB process was proved to be an effective pretreatment for Fuji apple quarters to inactivate PPO fast and meanwhile to maintain produce quality.
An Analysis of Relapse Prevention Factors and Their Ability to Predict Sustained Abstinence Following Treatment Completion
Authors: Farabee David , McCann Michael , Brecht Mary‐Lynn , Cousins Sarah J. , Antonini Valerie P. , Lee Anne B. , Hemberg Jordana , Karno Mitch , Rawson Richard A. 
Published: April 2013

Background & ObjectivesThis study assessed the role of 14 specific relapse‐prevention activities and their underlying factors in maintaining abstinence among subjects (N = 302) completing outpatient treatment for stimulant dependence.MethodsWe examined what broader dimensions might subsume the 14 items constituting the Drug Avoidance Activities checklist (Farabee et al. J Subst Abuse Treat 2002;23:343–350), and how well these derived factors predicted concurrent drug use at baseline and again 3 and 12 months later.ResultsAlthough four factors were identified consistently for the three time points, only avoidance strategies had sufficient internal consistency to be retained for further analysis. Controlling for age, gender, and ethnicity, the avoidance subscale was a significant predictor of UA results at all time periods: a one‐point increase in the avoidance strategies scale was associated with an 86% increase in odds of a negative UA at baseline (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.37–2.53, p < .001), a 77% increase at 3‐month follow‐up (OR = 1.77, CI = 1.37–2.29, p < .001), and a 37% increase at 12‐month follow‐up (OR = 1.37, CI = 1.04–1.81, p = .026).ConclusionsAlthough correlations of individual items with UA results showed statistically significant (p < .05) results for 8 of 14 items at one or more observation points, avoidance‐related behaviors showed the strongest associations with sustained abstinence. (Am J Addict 2013; 22:206–211)
Physicians' Beliefs about the Nature of Addiction: A Survey of Primary Care Physicians and Psychiatrists
Authors: Lawrence Ryan E. , Rasinski Kenneth A. , Yoon John D. , Curlin Farr A. 
Published: April 2013

Background and ObjectivesSociety debates whether addiction is a disease, a response to psychological woundedness, or moral failing.MethodWe surveyed a national sample of 1427 US primary care physicians (PCPs) and 487 psychiatrists, asking “In your judgment, to what extent is alcoholism/drug addiction each of the following? A) a disease B) a response to psychological woundedness C) a result of moral failings.”ResultsThe response rate was 63% for PCPs and 64% for psychiatrists. More psychiatrists than PCPs consider addiction a disease (64% versus 56%). Some PCPs (31%) and psychiatrists (27%) attribute addiction to psychological woundedness. More psychiatrists than PCPs said addiction is “not at all” due to moral failings (55% versus 39%).Conclusions and Scientific SignificanceThe disease model for addiction is prominent among physicians, but exists alongside beliefs that addiction is a response to psychological woundedness, or a result of moral failings. (Am J Addict 2013; 22:255–260)
Steps Physicians Report Taking to Reduce Diversion of Buprenorphine
Authors: Yang Amy , Arfken Cynthia L. , Johanson Chris‐Ellyn 
Published: April 2013

Background and ObjectivesPhysicians are challenged to effectively treat opioid dependent patients while minimizing diversion of potentially abusable medications, such as buprenorphine. The present study was designed to obtain information on steps physicians report taking to reduce diversion of buprenorphine.MethodNational quarterly surveys from 2008 to 2009 of qualified physicians who have prescribed buprenorphine were analyzed (N = 2,330). One part of the survey queried physicians about what steps they had taken to reduce abuse and diversion of buprenorphine from a pre‐specified list of 12 steps. Other parts of the survey included questions on the physicians' training and experience.ResultsPhysicians reported taking a mean of 4.4 steps. Longer experience prescribing buprenorphine, more buprenorphine‐related educational training, and concern about diversion as a limitation on using buprenorphine for maintenance were associated with higher number of steps taken.Conclusions and Scientific SignificancePhysicians are currently taking multiple steps to reduce diversion. Future research needs to verify if these steps are effective or are instead reducing access to treatment. (Am J Addict 2013; 22:184–187)
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and the Nicotine Transdermal Patch for Dual Nicotine and Cannabis Dependence: A Pilot Study
Authors: Hill Kevin P. , Toto Lindsay H. , Lukas Scott E. , Weiss Roger D. , Trksak George H. , Rodolico John M. , Greenfield Shelly F. 
Published: April 2013

Background and ObjectivesWe assessed the feasibility of a new cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) manual, plus transdermal patch nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), to treat co‐occurring nicotine and cannabis dependence.MethodSeven of 12 (58.3%) adults with DSM‐IV diagnoses of both nicotine and cannabis dependence completed 10 weeks of individual CBT and NRT.ResultsParticipants smoked 12.6 ± 4.9 tobacco cigarettes per day at baseline, which was reduced to 2.1 ± 4.2 at the end of treatment (F[5] = 23.5, p < .0001). The reduction in cannabis use from 10.0 ± 5.3 inhalations per day at baseline to 8.0 ± 5.3 inhalations per day at 10 weeks was not significant (F[5] = 1.12, p = .37). There was a significant decrease from the mean baseline Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence scores at weeks 4, 6, 8, and 10 of treatment (F[4] = 19.8, p < .001) and mean Client Satisfaction Questionnaire scores were uniformly high (30.6 ± 1.9).Conclusions and Scientific SignificanceA CBT plus NRT treatment program significantly reduced tobacco smoking but did not significantly reduce cannabis use in individuals with co‐occurring nicotine and cannabis dependence. There was no compensatory increase in cannabis use following the reduction in tobacco smoking, suggesting that clinicians can safely pursue simultaneous treatment of co‐occurring nicotine and cannabis dependence. The intervention was well‐liked by the 7 of the 12 enrollees who completed the study. (Am J Addict 2013; 22:233–238)
Frequency and Severity of Comorbid Mood and Anxiety Disorders in Prescription Opioid Dependence
Authors: Gros Daniel F. , Milanak Melissa E. , Brady Kathleen T. , Back Sudie E. 
Published: April 2013

Background and ObjectivesComorbid substance use disorders and mood and anxiety disorders are associated with more severe psychiatric symptoms, social and occupational impairment, and economic burden. To date, the majority of research has focused on comorbidity in illicit drug users, rather than prescription drug users. To address this gap in the literature, the present cross‐sectional study investigated the clinical profiles of individuals with prescription opioid dependence with or without comorbid mood and anxiety disorders.MethodsNinety individuals with prescription opioid use were recruited to participate in the study procedures. All participants completed a structured clinical interview and series of self‐report measures.Results and ConclusionsOf the 85 individuals with prescription opioid dependence, 47.1% (n = 40) were diagnosed with a comorbid mood or anxiety disorder. The findings showed that individuals with prescription opioid dependence and comorbid mood and anxiety disorders demonstrated significantly more severe alcohol use, psychiatric symptoms, and sleep impairment than individuals without comorbidity.Scientific SignificanceThe findings highlight the frequency and severity of co‐occurring mood and anxiety disorders in individuals with prescription opioid dependence and suggest that integrated interventions are needed to address these growing problems. (Am J Addict 2013; 22:261–265)
Predictors of Frequent Withdrawal Management Unit Use among Chronically Homeless, Homeless, and Housed Men: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Svoboda Tomislav 
Published: April 2013

Background and ObjectivesReports suggest that repeat users of detoxification services are less likely to get rehabilitated. The goal of this study is to determine rates and predictors of detoxification unit visits among individuals who are chronically homeless with severe drinking problems compared to those who are housed and in the general homeless population.MethodsVisit records (n = 1027) from all inner city Toronto detoxification units (n = 5) by men (n = 169) over a 6 year period were analyzed and linked to structured interview data for three populations: chronically homeless individuals with severe drinking problems (CHDP, n = 50); members of the general homeless population (GH, n = 61); and low‐income housed individuals (LIH, n = 58).ResultsThe CHDP group had 4.13 (3.86, 4.39) detoxification unit admissions per year, 18.1 (95% CI 12.5–23.7) and 33 (95% CI 21–46) times higher than the GH and LIH groups respectively. Admission rates were 43.8 % (95% CI 32.7–54.9%) higher in the winter than summer months for the CHDP group. The proportions of stays that involved police, leaving without discharge, and staying two days or less were 74%, 75%, and 89% among CHDP, GH, and LIH subjects.Conclusions and Scientific SignificanceRather than being a resource for achieving abstinence, frequent short visits, treatment non‐compliance, higher winter visit rates suggest that detoxification units are more likely used by individuals as shelter; high rates of admission related police involvement suggest that they continue to be used as an alternative to judicial intervention into public inebriation. (Am J Addict 2013; 22:226–232)
Thoracoscopic Diaphragmatic Hernia Repair in a Warmblood Mare
Authors: Röcken Michael , Mosel Gesine , Barske Katharine , Witte Tanja S. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo describe successful repair of a diaphragmatic hernia in a standing sedated horse using a minimally invasive thoracoscopic technique.Study DesignClinical report.AnimalsWarmblood mare with a diaphragmatic hernia.ResultsAn 18‐year‐old Warmblood mare with severe colic was referred for surgical treatment of small intestinal strangulation in a diaphragmatic defect. Twelve days after initial conventional colic surgery, left‐sided laparoscopy in the standing sedated mare for diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy failed because the spleen obscured the hernia. One week later, a left‐sided thoracoscopy was performed in the standing sedated horse and the hernia repaired by an intrathoracic suture technique. No long‐term complications occurred (up to 4 years) and the mare returned to her previous athletic activity, followed by use as a broodmare.ConclusionsTo avoid the high risks associated with general anesthesia, and to reduce surgical trauma and postoperative recovery, central diaphragmatic hernias are amenable to repair using a minimally invasive thoracoscopic technique in the standing sedated horse.