bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Global Nursing Faculty Shortage: Status and Solutions for Change
Authors: Nardi Deena A. , Gyurko Charlene C. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundIn addition to a global shortage of nurses, there is also a shortage of academically qualified faculty available to teach in schools of nursing.MethodsA systematic review examined proposed solutions to the global shortage of nursing faculty. Metasynthesis was used to compare and critically appraise strategies offered for solving or ameliorating the global nursing faculty shortage by premier nursing organizations.Findings181 recommendations in 62 publications were categorized into eight major themed solutions, including centralizing data management, international collaboration in nursing research, and increased funding for full‐time faculty positions in nursing programs.DiscussionThe nursing faculty shortage is due to a confluence of factors, including the global migration of nurses, a seeming persistent devaluation of faculty by academic programs, disincentives, and an overall reduction in full‐time equivalent faculty positions.ConclusionsResults point to a needed change in direction and approach to solving the nursing faculty shortage. By designing new education models that fit global healthcare needs and pooling teaching resources, designing and using the same databases across organizations to track and project faculty needs, and collaborating between schools and businesses to create mutually beneficial agreements for services, nursing faculty capacity can be enhanced, and nursing's capacity to meet global healthcare needs can be expanded.Clinical RelevanceThe results of this systematic review can be used as a rubric for the design and development of strategies to end the nursing faculty shortage and expand global nursing capacity.
Role of infected grandmothers in transmission of Helicobacter pylori to children in a Japanese rural town
Authors: Urita Yoshihisa , Watanabe Toshiyasu , Kawagoe Naoyuki , Takemoto Ikutaka , Tanaka Hideki , Kijima Sho , Kido Hidenori , Maeda Tadashi , Sugasawa Yasuyuki , Miyazaki Taito , Honda Yoshiko , Nakanishi Kazushige , Shimada Nagato , Nakajima Hitoshi , Sugimoto Motonobu , Urita Chisako 
Published: April 2013

AimAlthough the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) increases with age and the main period of acquisition is childhood, the route of transmission of H. pylori infection remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between prevalence of children and grandparents.MethodsA total of 838 consecutive children who attended the Urita clinic and whose blood was taken for work up were enrolled in the present study. They were 449 boys and 389 girls, with a mean age of 12.4 years. H. pylori serology of their family members who were living together in one house was picked up to analyse intra‐familial clustering of H. pylori infection. The family members of these children consisted of 448 fathers, 597 mothers, 205 grandfathers, 361 grandmothers and 589 siblings.ResultsThe seropositive rates of mothers, grandmother and siblings in seropositive children were significantly higher than those in seronegative children. H. pylori infection in mothers and grandmothers was a marked risk factor for infection in the index children. Larger family size was not a risk factor for H. pylori infection. In contrast, having an infected father or grandfather was not an independent predictor for children infection.ConclusionsOur data demonstrate that not only mother‐to‐child transmission but also grandmother‐to‐child transmission is an important mechanism for the spread of H. pylori in a three‐generation household.
Developing strategic readers: a multimodal analysis of a primary school teacher's use of speech, gesture and artefacts
Authors: Shanahan Lynn E. , Roof Lisa M. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractResearch on implementing reading strategy instruction has primarily focused on teachers' verbal communication with limited attention to other semiotic resources such as gesture and artefacts. In this paper, we construct a ‘telling case’ on the basis of how one primary teacher from the United States used speech, gesture and artefacts as a means of communication while instructing her students in reasons to predict when reading. Data sources for this case study consisted of field notes, artefacts and digital video. We analysed the teacher's use of gesture, speech and artefacts from a social semiotic multimodal perspective. Findings indicate that the teacher created meaning by interweaving multiple modes in the communicative contexts of strategy instruction using speech, deictic gestures, metaphoric gestures and artefacts. These findings are important to reading strategy instruction because much of the research and discussion of practice to date has centred on the instruction of reading strategies using teacher and student speech and not attending to the use of semiotic resources beyond speech.
Ries crater and suevite revisited—Observations and modeling Part I: Observations
Authors: Stöffler Dieter , Artemieva Natalia A. , Wünnemann Kai , Reimold W. Uwe , Jacob Juliane , Hansen Birgit K. , Summerson Iona A. T. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWe report results of an interdisciplinary project devoted to the 26 km‐diameter Ries crater and to the genesis of suevite. Recent laboratory analyses of “crater suevite” occurring within the central crater basin and of “outer suevite” on top of the continuous ejecta blanket, as well as data accumulated during the past 50 years, are interpreted within the boundary conditions imposed by a comprehensive new effort to model the crater formation and its ejecta deposits by computer code calculations (Artemieva et al. 2013). The properties of suevite are considered on all scales from megascopic to submicroscopic in the context of its geological setting. In a new approach, we reconstruct the minimum/maximum volumes of all allochthonous impact formations (108/116 km3), of suevite (14/22 km3), and the total volume of impact melt (4.9/8.0 km3) produced by the Ries impact event prior to erosion. These volumes are reasonably compatible with corresponding values obtained by numerical modeling. Taking all data on modal composition, texture, chemistry, and shock metamorphism of suevite, and the results of modeling into account, we arrive at a new empirical model implying five main consecutive phases of crater formation and ejecta emplacement. Numerical modeling indicates that only a very small fraction of suevite can be derived from the “primary ejecta plume,” which is possibly represented by the fine‐grained basal layer of outer suevite. The main mass of suevite was deposited from a “secondary plume” induced by an explosive reaction (“fuel‐coolant interaction”) of impact melt with water and volatile‐rich sedimentary rocks within a clast‐laden temporary melt pool. Both melt pool and plume appear to be heterogeneous in space and time. Outer suevite appears to be derived from an early formed, melt‐rich and clast‐poor plume region rich in strongly shocked components (melt ≫ clasts) and originating from an upper, more marginal zone of the melt pool. Crater suevite is obviously deposited from later formed, clast‐rich and melt‐poor plumes dominated by unshocked and weakly shocked clasts and derived from a deeper, central zone of the melt pool. Genetically, we distinguish between “primary suevite” which includes dike suevite, the lower sublayer of crater suevite, and possibly a basal layer of outer suevite, and “secondary suevite” represented by the massive upper sublayer of crater suevite and the main mass of outer suevite.
Caterpillar cereal as a potential complementary feeding product for infants and young children: nutritional content and acceptability
Authors: Bauserman Melissa , Lokangaka Adrien , Kodondi Kule‐Koto , Gado Justin , Viera Anthony J. , Bentley Margaret E. , Engmann Cyril , Tshefu Antoinette , Bose Carl 
Published: April 2013

AbstractMicronutrient deficiency is an important cause of growth stunting. To avoid micronutrient deficiency, the World Health Organization recommends complementary feeding with animal‐source foods. However, animal‐source foods are not readily available in many parts of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). In such areas, caterpillars are a staple in adult diets and may be suitable for complementary feeding for infants and young children. We developed a cereal made from dried caterpillars and other locally available ingredients (ground corn, palm oil, sugar and salt), measured its macro‐ and micronutrient contents and evaluated for microbiologic contamination. Maternal and infant acceptability was evaluated among 20 mothers and their 8–10‐month‐old infants. Mothers were instructed in the preparation of the cereal and asked to evaluate the cereal in five domains using a Likert scale. Mothers fed their infants a 30‐g portion daily for 1 week. Infant acceptability was based on cereal consumption and the occurrence of adverse events. The caterpillar cereal contained 132 kcal, 6.9‐g protein, 3.8‐mg iron and 3.8‐mg zinc per 30 g and was free from microbiologic contamination. Mothers’ median ratings for cereal characteristics were (5 = like very much): overall impression = 4, taste = 5, smell = 4, texture = 4, colour = 5, and consistency = 4. All infants consumed more than 75% of the daily portions, with five infants consuming 100%. No serious adverse events were reported. We conclude that a cereal made from locally available caterpillars has appropriate macro‐ and micronutrient contents for complementary feeding, and is acceptable to mothers and infants in the DRC.
Effects of BRAF inhibitors on human melanoma tissue before treatment, early during treatment, and on progression
Authors: Long Georgina V. , Wilmott James S. , Haydu Lauren E. , Tembe Varsha , Sharma Raghwa , Rizos Helen , Thompson John F. , Howle Julie , Scolyer Richard A. , Kefford Richard F. 
Published: April 2013

SummarySelective BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi) are a standard of care for the treatment of BRAFV600‐mutant metastatic melanoma. We analyzed a unique set of serial triplicate human metastatic melanoma tumor biopsies to identify biomarkers of BRAFi response and resistance. Morphologic features and immunohistochemical biomarkers were analyzed in 37 metastatic melanoma biopsies at pretreatment (PRE), early during treatment (EDT), and on progression (PROG) from 15 patients treated with a BRAFi and correlated with response and outcome. At EDT, proliferative markers decreased regardless of response, whereas markers of cell death increased in responders. High expression of nuclear p27 at baseline was the strongest predictor of a poorer OS and predicted worse response. The results show that BRAFi are universally antiproliferative, regardless of clinical response, whereas markers of cell death increased only in responders. The addition of therapies targeting the cell cycle machinery may improve the response and duration of BRAFi, and investigation of the mechanisms of apoptosis may provide additional therapeutic targets.
Chk1 is essential for the development of murine epidermal melanocytes
Authors: Smith Joanne , Larue Lionel , Gillespie David A. 
Published: April 2013

SummaryEmbryonic deletion of mouse Chk1 is lethal; however, whether Chk1 is essential in all individual tissues is unknown. By breeding C57Bl/ 6 mice homozygous for a conditional allele of Chk1 (Chk1fl/fl) and bearing melanocyte‐specific Tyr::Cre and DCT:: LacZ transgenes, we investigated the consequences of Chk1 deletion in the melanocytic lineage. We show that adult Tyr::Cre; Chk1fl/fl mice lack coat pigmentation and epidermal melanocytes in the hair follicles, but retain eye pigmentation in the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE). Melanoblasts formed normally during embryogenesis in Tyr::Cre; Chk1fl/fl mice at early times (embryonic day 10.5; E10.5) but were completely absent by stage E13.5, most probably as a consequence of spontaneous DNA damage and apoptosis. By contrast, melanoblast numbers were only slightly reduced in heterozygous Tyr::Cre; Chk1fl/ + embryos, and these mice exhibited normal coat pigmentation as adults. Thus, Chk1 is essential for the developmental formation of murine epidermal melanocytes but hemizygosity has little, if any, permanent developmental consequence in this cell type.
Successful Treatment of Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria Using Matched Unrelated Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Martinez Peinado Carmen , Díaz de Heredia Cristina , To‐Figueras Jordi , Arias‐Santiago Salvador , Nogueras Paloma , Elorza Izaskun , Olivé Teresa , Bádenas Célia , Moreno Mª José , Tercedor Jesús , Herrero Carmen 
Published: April 2013

AbstractCongenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP), or Günther's disease, is an inborn error of metabolism produced by a deficiency of uroporphyrinogen III synthase (UROS), the fourth enzyme of the heme biosynthesis pathway. This enzymatic defect induces the accumulation of isomer I porphyrins in erythrocytes, skin, and tissues, producing various clinical manifestations. Severe cases are characterized by extreme photosensitivity, causing scarring and mutilations, and by hemolytic anemia, reducing life expectancy. CEP is caused by mutations in the UROS gene, and one of the most severe forms of the disease is associated with a cysteine to arginine substitution at residue 73 of the protein (C73R). CEP has been successfully treated only by the transplantation of hematopoietic precursors. We report the case of a male infant with severe postdelivery symptoms diagnosed with CEP and found to be homozygous for the C73R mutation. He underwent successful allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from a matched unrelated donor at 7 months of age. The hemolytic anemia was corrected and the porphyrin overproduction was significantly reduced. The patient remained asymptomatic after 1 year. This new case confirms that patients with severe CEP can benefit from early postnatal hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Building from Within: Pastoral Insights into Community Resources and Assets
Authors: Ford Cassandra D. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractObjectivesTo explore perceptions of community pastors regarding the extent of community resources and assets in a rural, Southern, African American community.Design and SampleUtilizing a qualitative, descriptive design, interviews were conducted with six African American pastors.MeasuresInterviews were conducted using a semi‐structured interview guide based on an assets‐oriented approach.ResultsPastors discussed various resources and assets, probable within the community that may be considered as support for program development. Key themes included: (1) community strengths, (2) community support, and (3) resources for a healthy lifestyle. The church was identified, throughout the interviews, as a primary source of strength and support for community members.ConclusionsIn this study of African American pastors, various perceptions of community resources were identified. Findings indicate that a sample, rural, Southern, African American community has a wealth of resources and assets, but additional resources related to health promotion are still necessary to produce optimal results. Specific programs to prevent chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease can provide an effective means for addressing related health disparities. Programs implemented through churches can reach large numbers of individuals in the community and provide an important source of sustainable efforts to improve the health of African Americans.
Teaching the Devout Student: Faith and Scholarship in the Classroom
Authors: Smith Brian H. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIncreasing numbers of college students enrolling in religion courses in recent years are looking to develop their religious faith or spirituality, while professors of religion want students to use and appreciate scholarly tools to study religion from an academic perspective. Some scholars argue that it is not possible to satisfy both goals in the classroom, while authors in this journal have given suggestions on how to bridge the gap between faith and scholarship. I argue that such authors are correct and that, in my experience, historical‐critical methods can help devout students understand the original texts in their own religion better, comprehend why changes in interpretation have occurred over time, and appreciate the values in religions other than their own. Not all devout students are comfortable with an academic study of religion, but many can attain a more mature faith by such an approach.
The relationship between antenatal provider type and maternal care in rural Ghana: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Atunah‐Jay S. J. , Pettingell S. , Ohene S.‐A. , Michael Oakes J. , Borowsky I. W. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the influence of antenatal provider type on maternity care in rural Ghana.MethodsAn analysis of maternal care by antenatal provider type using the 2008 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. Study population included rural Ghanaian women aged 15–49 years with report of a live birth between 2003 and 2008. Bivariate chi‐square analysis was performed to examine differences in maternal report of WHO Maternal Health Interventions. Multivariate linear and logistic regression were performed to assess differences in antenatal care (ANC) scales and maternal care packages.ResultsThousand and three hundred and sixty‐seven rural women reported a live birth. Provider distribution was: doctor, 15.6%; midwife, 70%; community health officer (CHO), 9.1%; no provider, 5.3%. Women from lower socio‐demographic categories were more likely to report midwife or CHO. Report of CHO vs. no provider was positively associated with maternal services (P < 0.01). Report of doctor or midwife vs. CHO was significantly associated with maternal services (P < 0.01).ConclusionThere is a positive association between antenatal provider length of training and maternal specialization and report of maternal services. Community‐based providers are associated with markedly increased report of maternal services compared with no provider. Structural factors appear to underlie some differences in service provision.
Genome Sequencing of Bacillus subtilis Strain XF-1 with High Efficiency in the Suppression of
Plasmodiophora brassicae
Authors: Guo Shengye , Mao Zichao , Wu Yixin , Hao Kun , He Pengfei , He Yueqiu 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT

The genome of the rhizobacterium
Bacillus subtilis
XF-1 is 4.06 Mb in size and harbors 3,853 coding sequences (CDS). Giant gene clusters were dedicated to the nonribosomal synthesis of antimicrobial lipopeptides and polyketides. Remarkably, XF-1 possesses a gene cluster involved in the synthesis of chitosanase that is related to the suppression of the pathogen
Plasmodiophora brassicae
.
Complete Genome Sequence of Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica Strain SH04, Isolated from
Chrysomya megacephala
Collected from Pudong International Airport in China
Authors: Cao Xiao-Mei , Chen Tuo , Xu Li-Zhi , Yao Li-Si , Qi Jun , Zhang Xiao-Long , Yan Qing-Li , Deng Yao-Hua , Guo Tian-Yu , Wang Jing , Hu Kong-Xin , Xu Bao-Liang 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT

Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica
bacilli that live in the larvae of a parasitic fly were recently isolated and are speculated to be the cause of fulminant sepsis. Here we report and analyze the complete genome sequence of
Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica
strain SH04. No complete genome sequence of a
Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica
isolate has been documented previously.
Complete Genome Sequence of Serratia marcescens WW4
Authors: Chung Wan-Chia , Chen Ling-Ling , Lo Wen-Sui , Kuo Pei-An , Tu Jenn , Kuo Chih-Horng 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT

Serratia marcescens
WW4 is a biofilm-forming bacterium isolated from paper machine aggregates. Under conditions of phosphate limitation, this bacterium exhibits intergeneric inhibition of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
. Here, the complete genome sequence of
S. marcescens
WW4, which consists of one circular chromosome (5,241,455 bp) and one plasmid (pSmWW4; 3,248 bp), was determined.
Draft Genome Sequence of Rhodococcus ruber Strain BKS 20-38
Authors: Bala Monu , Kumar Shailesh , Raghava Gajendra Pal Singh , Mayilraj Shanmugam 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT

We report the 6.1-Mb genome sequence of
Rhodococcus ruber
strain BKS 20-38, isolated from the palm tree rhizosphere soil of Bhitarkanika National Park, Odhisha, India. The draft genome sequence of strain BKS 20-38 consists of 6,126,900 bp, with a G+C content of 69.72%, 5,716 protein-coding genes, and 49 RNAs.
Socioeconomic characteristics of residential areas and risk of death: is variation in spatial units for analysis a source of heterogeneity in observed associations?
Authors: Halonen Jaana I , Vahtera Jussi , Oksanen Tuula , Pentti Jaana , Virtanen Marianna , Jokela Markus , Diez-Roux Ana V , Kivimäki Mika 
Published: April 2013

ObjectivesEvidence on the association between the adverse socioeconomic characteristics of residential area and mortality is mixed. We examined whether the choice of spatial unit is critical in detecting this association.DesignRegister-linkage study.SettingData were from the Finnish Public Sector study's register cohort.ParticipantsThe place of residence of 146 600 cohort participants was linked to map grids and administrative areas, and they were followed up for mortality from 2000 to 2011. Residential area socioeconomic deprivation and household crowding were aggregated into five alternative areas based on map grids (250×250 m, 1×1 km and 10×10 km squares), and administrative borders (zip-code area and town).Primary and secondary outcome measuresAll-cause mortality.ResultsFor the 250×250 m area, mortality risk increased with increasing socioeconomic deprivation (HR for top vs bottom quintile 1.36, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.52). This association was either weaker or missing when broader spatial units were used. For household crowding, excess mortality was observed across all spatial units, the HRs ranging from 1.14 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.25) for zip code, and 1.21 (95% CI 1.11 to 1.31) for 250×250 m areas to 1.28 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.50) for 10×10 km areas.ConclusionsVariation in spatial units for analysis is a source of heterogeneity in observed associations between residential area characteristics and risk of death.