bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relation between autism and psychosis: overlapping and differing features
Authors: Ruas Resende M. B. , Agostinho F. , Nogueira R. , Silva F. A. , Lousada R. , Cotovio D. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAutism spectrum disorders (ASD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) have a strong historic connection. At the beginning of the 20th century when referring to schizophrenic patients Eugen Bleuler used the term autism to describe the apparent withdrawal from the outside world. Other authors also emphasized the association between this two entities. In fact, only in DSM-III were these disorders placed in different diagnostic categories. Today, even though this nosological vision still prevails, a growing number of studies have shown significant overlaps between the two disorders. Patients with the diagnosis of ASD often experience psychotic symptoms and similarly schizophrenic patients have a high prevalence of autistic traits.ObjectivesTo clarify the distinction between ASD and psychotic disorders, namely to help the clinical and phenomenological distinction between patients with a primary psychotic disorder versus patients with the diagnosis of an autism spectrum disorder that might also experience psychotic symptoms.MethodsResearch on UpToDate using the terms “Autism Spectrum Disorders”; “Schizophrenia” and “psychosis”.ResultsDelusional beliefs and paranoid ideation are common findings in autistic individuals in the same way that they constitute one of the main features of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. However, in ASD individuals one must be vigilant of its distinction with “childish fantasies”. Both disorders (ASD and SCZ spectrum disorders) share Theory of Mind (ToM) impairments that contribute to the development of paranoia.Sensory anomalies are common in ASD and might be confused with hallucinations. However, anomalous perceptual experiences can and do often happen in ASD and are clinically overlapping with hallucinatory phenomena. In the case of a neurodevelopment disorder, however, they could probably be better understood as a part of it more than the signal of a co-ocurring psychotic disorder. Attenuated psychotic symptoms pose an even more complex subject because of the overlap between autistic symptoms and subclinical psychotic symptoms. Another area that poses diagnostic difficulties has to do with the distinction between negative symptoms seen in schizophrenia and autistic symptoms. Lack of emotional reciprocity in ASD can be confused with “blunted” affect in schizophrenia.Other overlapping features between these two entities can be identified.ConclusionsThe diagnostic boundaries between ASD and SCZ are not always clear. Their overlapping characteristics and potential co-occurrence might pose important diagnostic challenges in clinical practice. The clinical course of both diseases frequently represents a key element for the differential diagnosis between autism and psychosis. The profound knowledge of these two entities is of extreme importance contributing to the implementation of more targeted and effective management strategies.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Preadolescent and Adolescent Victims of Cyber Victimization in Tunisia
Authors: Touiti A. , Askri W. , Halayem S. , Bouden A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionNowadays children and adolescents are exposed to cyber victimization.This modern form of aggressive behavior has a negative impact on the psychological of victims,self esteem, and social interactionObjectivesTo investigate the relation between cybervictimization and depression in tunisian preadolescents and adolescentsMethodsThe Arabic validated version of the “cyberbullying assessment instrument” was distributed through social media groups of preadolescent and adolescents in Tunisia.The participants were also invited to answer items about social and demographic characteristics.The participation was voluntary,without confidential data.ResultsFifty four preadolescent and adolescent aged between 9 and 16 years old have participated. The average age was 12.4 years old. 64% of participants were girls.More than 80% of children have their own smartphone and a personal count on social media.Among those respondents,12 (22.2%) reported being cyberbullied at least once in the year.the children most likely to be bullied were girl aged between 9 and 12 years old with a poor socioeconomic level.low self esteem, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms are associated with cyber victimization.ConclusionsThe level of cyber victimization among preadolescents and adolescents is underestimated. Psychiatric disorder associated to this phenomena have to be considered in order to develop strategies and intervention to reduce the cyberbullying among vulnerable population.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Melatonin and self harm behavior in youth, beyond the sleep impact
Authors: Kouki N. , Maamri A. , kouki N. , Ghrissi F. , Hajri A. , zalila H. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSleep disorders in youth are associated to psychiatric disorders and may lead to significant negative effects on cognitive skills, emotional regulation and behavior such as self harm.ObjectivesThe aim of our study is to highlight the melatonin effects on reducing self harm behaviors in the youth.MethodsOur work is a literature review based on the PubMed interface and adapted for 2 databases: Science Direct and Google Scholar using the following combination ( self harm [MeSH terms]) AND ( melatonin [MeSH terms]) AND ( youth [MeSH terms]) .ResultsWe initially reviewed 6 articles published between 2012 and 2022. We retained 3 articles which corresponded to the aim of our study.Self harm behaviors were mainly described in youth during adolescenthood. In fact, self injurious release may be considered as way to release emotional tension and physical discomfort.Melatonin prescribed in youth for the treatment of sleep disorders not only improved sleep ,but also mood disorders and impulsivity. Melatonin restores indirectly serotonin levels through a continuous bidirectional connexion . Therefore it is efficient on psychiatric comorbidites, especially anxiety and depression which are associated with intentional self-harm.ConclusionsMelatonin is the most prescribed drug for sleep disturbances in children and adolescents, its impact covers a large spectrum of disturbances including the self harm behaviors.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Substance use, anxiety and depression among Tunisian college students
Authors: Bergaoui E. , Bouallagui A. , Moalla M. , Zrelli M. , Amri G. , Ghachem R. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSubstance use and mental health symptoms are frequent among college students worldwide.ObjectivesThis study examined the prevalence of substance use, anxiety and depression among college students and their associated factors.MethodsA total of 115 college students aged between 19 and 30 years from different universities completed a self-reported online survey during March 2023. The questionnaire included items on demographic information, substance use and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale.ResultsWomen represented 70% of our population. The average age was 25,1±3,5 years.Twenty-nine (25,2%) were smokers, thirty-three students (28,7%) consumed alcohol and nine students (7,8%) used cannabis. Five students used ecstasy. Four students used LSD. Three students used cocaine.Average HADS anxiety score was 7,96±4,26. Twenty-one students (18,3%) had mild anxiety symptoms. Thirty-three students (28,7%) had moderate to severe anxiety symptoms.Average HADS depression score was 8,59±4. Thirty-one students (27%) had mild depressive symptoms. Forty-one (35,7%) had moderate to severe symptoms of depression.Smoking was unrelated to gender, age, field of studies, economic or social status, family or personal history. It was related to drinking and doing other activities or hanging out with friends (p<0,001). Drinking alcohol was related to the field and year of study, age, hanging out with friends and other substance use (p<0,001). Using cannabis was related to psychiatric family history (p<0,05). Using one substance was related to using other substances (p<0,05). Anxiety was related to gender (p<0,001). Depression levels were related to socio-economic statuts (p=0,041). Poly-use was more frequent among older students (p=0,003) and medical students (p=0,031). Substance use was unrelated to anxiety and depression levels.ConclusionsTunisian universisties should consider detecting students with substance and mental health problems and offer them support and treatment if needed.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The difficulties of Adult ADHD management within a Community Mental Health Team
Authors: Haugh S. , Belay H. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by: inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity.Diagnosis of ADHD in adults is complex, owing to the need for retrospective evidence that symptoms began in childhood as well as the high rates of comorbid mental health conditions. There are no public specialized clinics for adults with ADHD in Ireland. In their absence, referrals are sent to general adult psychiatry.ObjectivesAn audit of standards of care received by patients with ADHD against those set by the NICE guidelines.MethodsCare received pre and 8 weeks post MDT (multi-disciplinary team) educational session. Inclusion criteria: existing adult community mental health team (CMHT) patients with a diagnosis of ADHD. Recommendations as per NICE guideline used for assessment: Specialist MDT team input, OT/ Psychology input, MDT review of reports, Specialist consultant with training in diagnosis and treatment, Diagnosis based on structured assessment e.g. DIVA, Detailed psychiatric assessment, Physical health monitoring before commencing treatment (e.g. ECG), Ongoing physical health monitoring (BP, HR, weight), Patient regularly attending follow upResultsThere were 7 patients with diagnosed ADHD attending the CMHT, 4 male, 3 female aged 19-42yo. 4 patients were diagnosed privately (average age at diagnosis 31yrs). 2 were diagnosed by CAMHS. And 1 was diagnosed by primary care psychology (age 27). 8 weeks following MDT meeting; 2 patients had been commenced on ADHD medication. Those on the wait list for OT/psychology remained on the wait list.ConclusionsADHD is a specialised area which requires a specialist MDT led by a consultant with expertise in diagnosis and treatment. As evidenced by this audit, despite the best efforts of adult psychiatric services, teams are not sufficiently resourced to meet the needs of adults with ADHD and fall short of the expected standards of care.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Extent of Lymphadenectomy for Surgical Management of Right-Sided Colon Cancer: The Randomized Phase III RELARC Trial
Authors: Lu Junyang , Xing Jiadi , Zang Lu , Zhang Chenghai , Xu Lai , Zhang Guannan , He Zirui , Sun Yueming , Feng Yifei , Du Xiaohui , Hu Shidong , Chi Pan , Huang Ying , Wang Ziqiang , Zhong Ming , Wu Aiwen , Zhu Anlong , Li Fei , Xu Jianmin , Kang Liang , Suo Jian , Deng Haijun , Ye Yingjiang , Ding Kefeng , Xu Tao , Zhang Yuelun , Zhang Zhongtao , Zheng Minhua , Su Xiangqian , Xiao Yi ,   on behalf of the RELARC study group, Wu Bin , Lin Guole , Qiu Huizhong , Chen Lei , Feng Bo , Ji Dongjian , He Changzheng , Fu Ze , Jiang Weizhong , Wu Qingbin , MD  , Deng Xiangbing , MD  , Yu Minhao , Luo Yang , Chen Pengju , Yao Yunfeng , Guan Wenlong , Li Ang , Cao Feng , He Guodong , He Xiaowen , Chen Yujia , Wang Daguang , Li Guoxin , Shen Kai , Li Jun , Yao Hongwei , Yang Yingchi 
Published: August 2024

PURPOSE
Complete mesocolic excision (CME) is being increasingly used for the treatment of right-sided colon cancer, although there is still no strong evidence that CME provides better long-term oncological outcomes than D2 dissection. The controversy is mainly regarding the survival benefit from extended lymph node dissection emphasized by CME.

METHODS

This multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:
NCT02619942
) was performed across 17 hospitals in China. Patients diagnosed with stage T2-T4aNanyM0 or TanyN + M0 right-sided colon cancer were randomly assigned (1:1) to undergo either CME or D2 dissection during laparoscopic right colectomy. The primary outcome was the 3-year disease-free survival (DFS), and the main secondary outcome was the 3-year overall survival (OS).

RESULTS

Between January 11, 2016, and December 26, 2019, 1,072 patients were randomly assigned (536 patients to CME and 536 patients to D2 dissection). In total, 995 patients (median age 61 years, 59% male) were included in the primary analysis (CME [n = 495]
v
D2 dissection [n = 500]). No significant differences were found between the groups in 3-year DFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.74 [95% CI, 0.54 to 1.02];
P
= .06; 86.1% in the CME group
v
81.9% in the D2 group) or in 3-year OS (HR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.43 to 1.16];
P
= .17; 94.7% in the CME group
v
92.6% in the D2 group).

CONCLUSION
This trial failed to find evidence of superior DFS outcome for CME compared with standard D2 lymph node dissection in primary surgical excision of right-sided colon cancer. Standard D2 dissection should be the routine procedure for these patients. CME should only be considered in patients with obvious mesocolic lymph node involvement.
Growth Hormone Deficiency in an Adolescent With Pseudohypoparathyroidism Type 1B
Authors: Sasidharan Pillai Sabitha , Reyes Monica , Jüppner Harald , Topor Lisa Swartz 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We report growth hormone (GH) deficiency due to presumed GH releasing hormone (GHRH) resistance in an adolescent with pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B (PHP1B) due to paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 20 (patUPD20). A male patient aged 11 years 10 months with obesity and mild developmental delay was found to have hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and an elevated parathyroid hormone level. History included muscle cramps and leg pain with activity. Examination showed round facies, short stature, and obesity. He was in puberty and bone age was advanced by &gt; 2 years. Detailed genetic workup, including nucleotide sequence analysis of GNAS exons 1-13 and STX16, methylation-sensitive multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and analysis of several microsatellite markers for chromosome 20, established the diagnosis of PHP1B due to patUPD20. Muscle cramps and hypocalcemia resolved with calcium carbonate, ergocalciferol, and calcitriol treatment. He was short with linear growth deceleration at around age 13 years. Peak GH concentration was insufficient following stimulation testing. Growth velocity improved with human GH treatment. Although rare, resistance to GHRH can occur in PHP1B and patients with this disorder should be evaluated for GH insufficiency if they present with short stature and reduced growth velocity. Treatment with recombinant human GH may improve growth velocity in such patients.
Efficacy and Safety of Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation and High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Meta-Analysis
Authors: Shen Yue , Fang Lanlan 
Published: August 2024

Aims/Background High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) and intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) are emerging neuromodulation techniques for major depressive disorder (MDD). However, clinical trials directly comparing their efficacy are limited. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the antidepressant effects and safety profiles of iTBS versus HF-rTMS for MDD. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted in major databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing iTBS and HF-rTMS for MDD. The primary outcome measures were response rate, remission rate, and common side effects. Meta-analysis was performed using fixed-effects and random-effects models. Publication bias was assessed. Results Seven RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. No significant differences were found in response rate (odds ratio (OR) 0.97, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.81 to 1.16, p = 0.75) or remission rate (OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.31, p = 0.62) between iTBS and HF-rTMS. Both active stimulations showed significantly higher response rates than sham treatment. The odds of response were 4–5 times greater for iTBS versus sham (OR 4.84, 95% CI 2.66 to 8.80, p < 0.001) and 3–4 times greater for HF-rTMS versus sham (OR 3.85, 95% CI 2.08 to 7.13, p < 0.001). No differences in common side effects such as headache were observed between iTBS and HF-rTMS. Conclusion iTBS and HF-rTMS have comparable efficacy and safety profiles in treating MDD based on current evidence. Both neuromodulation techniques are superior to sham stimulation. iTBS could be considered an alternative to HF-rTMS, with the advantage of shorter daily treatment duration. Further large RCTs with long-term follow-up are warranted to confirm these findings.
Quran memorisation and heart rate variability: How do they correlate?
Authors: Ghazali Ahmad Rohi , Abd Warif Nor Malia , A Yazit Noor Anisah , Juliana Norsham , Ishak Ismarulyusda , Ibrahim Farah Wahida , Mat Ludin Arimi Fitri , Harun Dzalani , Abd Rahman Santibuana , Che Wan Mohd Rozali Wan Nor Atikah 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUNDHeart rate variability (HRV) was shown to be affected by performing religious activities.AIMTo examine the relationship between the level of Quran (the holy book of Muslims) memorisation and HRV among teenagers.METHODSThis experimental study included 16 Tahfiz students and 16 non-Tahfiz students (n = 32). The HRV was measured in three tasks: Recalling familiar verses, memorising new verses, and recalling the newly memorised verses of the Quran. HRV analysis was done using these parameters: Standard deviation of N-N (heartbeat peak) interval; low frequency (LF); high frequency (HF) and LF/HF ratio.RESULTSThere were significant differences between tasks for all parameters (P < 0.05). However, between the groups, only the LF/HF ratio had significant differences, with F = 5.04, P < 0.05. Pearson correlation showed a moderate positive correlation between the number of pages memorised and the LF/HF ratio (r = 0.61, P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONQuran memorisation increased the HRV and our results suggested that this activity could be developed as an effective sympathovagal modulation training activity.
Ruptured venous aneurysm associated with a dural arteriovenous fistula: Two case reports
Authors: Kim You Sub , Yoon Woong , Baek Byung Hyun , Kim Seul Kee , Joo Sung Pil , Kim Tae Sun 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
In general, venous aneurysm associated with dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) is considered to be developed under long standing venous hypertension and manifested as venous ectasia of draining vein itself. However, discrete saccular shaped venous aneurysm without angiographic evidence of venous hypertension arising from the draining vein, like cerebral arterial aneurysm, is quite rare and its pathomechanism remains unclear in patients with dAVF.
CASE SUMMARY
In this report, we present two cases of ruptured saccular venous aneurysms associated with dAVF without venous hypertension or venous ectasia. In both cases, significant curve or stenosis is observed in draining vein, which is located in just distal portion of the venous aneurysms. These aneurysms were successfully treated with a transarterial embolization. Underlying mechanism of venous aneurysms in these cases is discussed.
CONCLUSION
Although there is little doubt that hemodynamic stress has a critical role in the development of venous aneurysms in patients with dAVF, preceding venous hypertension or venous ectasia is not necessary for development and enlargement of venous aneurysms. Considering the significant risk of rupture, a careful review of draining vein features including tortuosity or stenosis is needed, especially in venous aneurysms without evidence of venous hypertension.
Partially reflecting surface loaded graphene–silicon ceramic-based frequency reconfigurable MIMO antenna with pattern diversity for THz applications
Authors: Yadav Kumar Saurabh , Bharti Gagandeep , Verma Sudhanshu 
Published: August 2024

In this paper, a two-port graphene–silicon-based aerial is planned and
inspected. Features that make the planned radiator unique include the
following: (i) aperture expended to stimulate the dielectric makes CP
waves from 2.4 to 2.56 THz; (ii) loading of partial reflecting
surface over the dual-port radiator creates beam tilting by an amount
of ±45∘; and (iii) mirror positioning of the
feeding slot provides the polarization diversity and enhances the
separation close to 25 dB. A layer of graphene above the
silicon ceramic with varying chemical potential makes
the radiator frequency reconfigurable. After comparing
the optimized outcome obtained from HFSS with a CSTEM simulator, it is
established that the planned radiator operates efficiently between
2.35 and 3.15 THz with a peak gain of 6.5 dBi. The
addition of pattern diversity features improves the MIMO parameters of
the proposed antenna and makes it appropriate for THz built cellular
applications.
Diagnosis of tuberculosis infection in children with a novel skin test and the traditional tuberculin skin test: An observational study
Authors: Fritschi Nora , Gureva Tatyana , Eliseev Platon , Jackson Charlotte , Milanzi Edith , Crichton Siobhan , Collins Intira Jeannie , Turkova Anna , Mariandyshev Andrei , Ritz Nicole 
Published: August 2024

Background
A novel skin test–called Diaskintest (DT)—containing specific M. tuberculosis antigens is in clinical use in the Russian Federation (RF). This test may improve diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) infection. The use and performance of the DT was described and compared to the tuberculin skin test (TST).

Methods
Data on children <18 years referred to a TB reference centre (Jan/2018- Dec/2019) with ≥1 DT and TST result available were analysed. An immune correlate of TB infection was defined as a positive TST (≥10 mm induration) or a positive DT (any induration).

Results
Of 2710 included cases, the median age was 9.0 (IQR 5.7–13.1) years and 97.5% were BCG immunised. Overall, 1976 (79.9%) were TB uninfected, 724 (26.7%) had an immune correlate of TB infection and 10 (0.4%) TB disease. Reasons for referral were: positive or increasing skin test results in routine screening (992, 36.6%), screening before admission to a health care institution (501, 18.5%) and TB contact (457, 16.9%). DT was positive in 11.7% (308/2625) and TST in 63.1% (467/740) (Kappa 0.08, 95% CI:0.013–0.14). A positive DT was associated with older age (OR 1.16 (95% CI: 1.13–1.19) per year). Among TB contacts DT positivity was associated with contagiousness: highest proportion of positivity of 12.0% was observed when the index case was smear positive.

Conclusion
In a setting with universal BCG vaccination and regular screening with TST, DT was used to rule out TB infection as TST was commonly positive. We found an association of DT positivity and contagiousness of the index case in children contacts. These observations may suggest improved specificity and sensitivity of DT compared to TST.