bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reversal of Mutant KRAS-Mediated Apoptosis Resistance by Concurrent Noxa/Bik Induction and Bcl-2/Bcl-xL Antagonism in Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Okamoto Koichi , Zaanan Aziz , Kawakami Hisato , Huang Shengbing , Sinicrope Frank A. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
KRAS mutations are frequently detected in human colorectal cancer and contribute to de novo apoptosis resistance and ultimately therapeutic failure. To overcome KRAS-mediated apoptosis resistance, the irreversible proteasome inhibitor, carfilzomib, was evaluated and found to potently induce Noxa, which was dependent upon c-Myc, and Bik. Isogenic mutant versus wild-type KRAS carcinoma cells showed elevated Bcl-xL, confirmed by KRAS siRNA or ectopic expression. Upregulated Bcl-xL by mutant KRAS was mediated by ERK as indicated by ERK knockdown. Bcl-xL expression was regulated at the level of mRNA and protein as shown using actinomycin D and cyclohexamide, respectively. Suppression of Bcl-xL by shRNA sensitized mutant KRAS cells to carfilzomib. Concurrent Bcl-xL antagonism by the BH3 mimetic ABT-263 combined with carfilzomib synergistically enhanced apoptosis that was dependent on Bax or p53, and was attenuated by Noxa or Bik shRNA. In support of this strategy, ectopically expressed Noxa enhanced apoptosis by ABT-263. Carfilzomib-induced Noxa and Bik sequestered Mcl-1 and ABT-263 released Bik and Bak from Bcl-xL, suggesting a mechanism for drug synergy. These preclinical findings establish mutant KRAS-mediated Bcl-xL upregulation as a key mechanism of apoptosis resistance in KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer. Furthermore, antagonizing Bcl-xL enabled carfilzomib-induced Noxa and Bik to induce synergistic apoptosis that reversed KRAS-mediated resistance.
Implications: This novel study reveals a promising treatment strategy to overcome apoptosis resistance in KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer by concurrent upregulation of Noxa/Bik and antagonism of Bcl-xL. Mol Cancer Res; 13(4); 659–69. ©2014 AACR.
Rediscovery of Eugenia fajardensis (Myrtaceae), a rare tree from the Puerto Rican Bank
Authors: Trejo-Torres Jorge Carlos , CARABALLO-ORTIZ MARCOS A. , VIVES-HEYLIGER MIGUEL A. , TORRES-SANTANA CHRISTIAN W. , CETZAL-IX WILLIAM , MERCADO-DÍAZ JOEL A. , CARLO TOMÁS A. 
Published: December 2014

Eugenia fragrans var.? fajardensis was described in 1895 and raised to species status in 1923 as E. fajardensis. In 1925, it was relegated to the synonymy of Anamomis fragrans (Myrcianthes fragrans). Since 2001, we have re-discovered wild plants and herbarium specimens, including a previously unidentified isotype of E. fajardensis, supporting the validity of this species. Here we designate a lectotype and an epitype for E. fajardensis. In addition, we provide: 1) an extended description for the species including the previously unknown flowers and fruits, an illustration, and photographs of live plants, 2) a key for the 24 taxa of Eugenia reported for Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, and 3) descriptions of the three known populations. These populations collectively hold 182 plants in the islands of Puerto Rico, Culebra, and Vieques. Based on the IUCN Red List Criteria, E. fajardensis meets the requirements to be considered a Critically Endangered species.
Development and testing of a visualization application software, implemented with wireless control system in smart home care
Authors: Vanus Jan , Kucera Pavel , Martinek Radek , Koziorek Jiri 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis article describes the development of a visualization application software used to control operational and technical functions in the Smart Home system or Smart Home Care system via the wireless xComfort control system. Graphic visualization of a home electrical control system gives the user unprecedented comfort when controlling home systems. The user is able to obtain the information necessary to optimise the management of operational and technical functions in the building as well as information about energy consumption. Selected definitions of requirements for the visualization system, online access via the Internet, control via USB interface, and control requirements executed via mobile phone are the reasons why these technical elements were selected. This article describes their mutual relations, functions and connections within the system. At the end of this article we propose a method to test the reliability of the created software application as well as the wireless xComfort system under different conditions which stimulate different implementation methods applicable to a real building/apartment unit. Measurement results can be used for the actual installation process and for optimal implementation of the active elements of the wireless system.
The levelling effect of product market competition on gender wage discrimination
Authors: Hirsch Boris , Oberfichtner Michael , Schnabel Claus 
Published: December 2014

AbstractUsing linked employer–employee panel data for West Germany that include direct information on the competition faced by plants, we investigate the effect of product market competition on the gender pay gap. Controlling for match fixed effects, we find that intensified competition significantly lowers the unexplained gap in plants with neither collective agreements nor a works council. Conversely, there is no effect in plants with these types of worker codetermination, which are unlikely to have enough discretion to adjust wages in the short run. We also document a larger competition effect in plants with few females in their workforces. Our findings are in line with Beckerian taste-based employer wage discrimination that is limited by competitive forces.JEL codes:J16, J31, J71
What active labour market programmes work for immigrants in Europe? A meta-analysis of the evaluation literature
Authors: Butschek Sebastian , Walter Thomas 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
A growing body of programme evaluation literature recognises immigrants as a disadvantaged group in European labour markets and investigates the employment effects of Active Labour Market Programmes (ALMPs) on this subgroup. So far, however, there is no systematic review establishing which ALMPs are effective for immigrants. Using a meta-analysis, we condense 93 estimates from 33 empirical studies of the effectiveness of four types of ALMPs employed across Europe to combat immigrant unemployment: training, job search assistance, wage subsidies and subsidised public sector employment. We find that only wage subsidies can be confidently recommended to European policy-makers.
Jel codes: J15, J61, J68, I38
The economy of attention in the age of (mis)information
Authors: Bessi Alessandro , Scala Antonio , Rossi Luca , Zhang Qian , Quattrociocchi Walter 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
In this work we present a thorough quantitative analysis of information consumption patterns of qualitatively different information on Facebook. Pages are categorized, according to their topics and the communities of interests they pertain to, in a) alternative information sources (diffusing topics that are neglected by science and main stream media); b) online political activism; and c) main stream media. We find similar information consumption patterns despite the very different nature of contents. Then, we classify users according to their interaction patterns among the different topics and measure how they responded to the injection of 2788 false information (parodistic imitations of alternative stories). We find that users prominently interacting with alternative information sources – i.e. more exposed to unsubstantiated claims – are more prone to interact with intentional and parodistic false claims.
A novel Cd8-cis-regulatory element preferentially directs expression in CD44hiCD62L+ CD8+ T cells and in CD8αα+ dendritic cells
Authors: Sakaguchi Shinya , Hombauer Matthias , Hassan Hammad , Tanaka Hirokazu , Yasmin Nighat , Naoe Yoshinori , Bilic Ivan , Moser Mirjam A , Hainberger Daniela , Mayer Herbert , Seiser Christian , Bergthaler Andreas , Taniuchi Ichiro , Ellmeier Wilfried 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
CD8 coreceptor expression is dynamically regulated during thymocyte development and is tightly controlled by the activity of at least 5 different cis-regulatory elements. Despite the detailed characterization of the Cd8 loci, the regulation of the complex expression pattern of CD8 cannot be fully explained by the activity of the known Cd8 enhancers. In this study, we revisited the Cd8ab gene complex with bioinformatics and transgenic reporter gene expression approaches to search for additional Cd8 cis-regulatory elements. This led to the identification of an ECR (ECR-4), which in transgenic reporter gene expression assays, directed expression preferentially in CD44hiCD62L+ CD8+ T cells, including innate-like CD8+ T cells. ECR-4, designated as Cd8 enhancer E8VI, was bound by Runx/CBFβ complexes and Bcl11b, indicating that E8VI is part of the cis-regulatory network that recruits transcription factors to the Cd8ab gene complex in CD8+ T cells. Transgenic reporter expression was maintained in LCMV-specific CD8+ T cells upon infection, although short-term, in vitro activation led to a down-regulation of E8VI activity. Finally, E8VI directed transgene expression also in CD8αα+ DCs but not in CD8αα-expressing IELs. Taken together, we have identified a novel Cd8 enhancer that directs expression in CD44hiCD62L+ CD8+ T cells, including innate-like and antigen-specific effector/memory CD8+ T cells and in CD8αα+ DCs, and thus, our data provide further insight into the cis-regulatory networks that control CD8 expression.
An essential role of syntaxin 3 protein for granule exocytosis and secretion of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-12b, and CCL4 from differentiated HL-60 cells
Authors: Naegelen Isabelle , Plancon Se´bastien , Nicot Nathalie , Kaoma Tony , Muller Arnaud , Vallar Laurent , Tschirhart Eric J , Bre´chard Sabrina 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Besides their roles in the killing of pathogens, neutrophils have the capacity to package a variety of cytokines into cytoplasmic granules for subsequent release upon inflammatory conditions. Because the rapid secretion of cytokines orchestrates the action of other immune cells at the infection site and thus, can contribute to the development and chronicity of inflammatory diseases, we aimed to determine the intracellular SNARE machinery responsible for the regulation of cytokine secretion and degranulation. From a constructed gene-expression network, we first selected relevant cytokines for functional validation by the CBA approach. We established a cytokine-secretion profile for human neutrophils and dHL-60 cells, underlining their similar ability to secrete a broad variety of cytokines within proinflammatory conditions mimicked by LPS stimulation. Secondly, after screening of SNARE genes by microarray experiments, we selected STX3 for further functional studies. With the use of a siRNA strategy, we show that STX3 is clearly required for the maximal release of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-12b, and CCL4 without alteration of other cytokine secretion in dHL-60 cells. In addition, we demonstrate that STX3 is involved in MMP-9 exocytosis from gelatinase granules, where STX3 is partly localized. Our results suggest that the secretion of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-12b, and CCL4 occurs during gelatinase degranulation, a process controlled by STX3. In summary, these findings provide first evidence that STX3 has an essential role in trafficking pathways of cytokines in neutrophil granulocytes.
Management Reporting As Internal Audit Object
Authors: Вахорина  , Vakhorina Marina 
Published: December 2014

In modern economic conditions of business entities’ operating the important
place belongs to researches related to a modern role of internal audit and its
place among other types of control procedures which have been put forward
recently in scientific studies. An enterprise operating efficiency which, in turn,
influences efficiency of all social production, depends on reliability of internal
audit results. The internal audit had been recognized in the international
corporate world long before. In certain cases an existence of Internal Audit
Departments is caused by requirements of stock exchanges (NYSE, LSE, etc.)
on which company’s shares are quoted, but in most cases a major factor is the
desire of companies’ shareholders and top management to increase the activity
efficiency by more rational use of resources, careful risks’ analysis and
management.
Thus, in management accounting system a collecting and processing of external
and internal information, i.e. on the enterprise itself and about an environment
surrounding it, and in the internal audit system — control and use of this
information for an assessment of external and internal risks inherent for
organization should carried out. Thus both systems have to be organized on
uniform methodological base — the IFRS based on criterion of financial
information usefulness for adoption of economic decisions.
The value of management reporting’s internal audit carrying out as control and
adoption of reasonable economic decisions is revealed in this paper. Advantages
of management accounting system according to IFRS principles are revealed
too.
A conclusion has been drawn that internal audit is the resource solving
management problems revealed by internal reporting for economic subjects’
management efficiency increase.
Management System of Enterprise’s Innovative Development: Synergistic Approach
Authors: Флек  , Flek Mikhail , Угнич  , Ugnich Ekaterina 
Published: December 2014

The task of innovative economy formation requires rethinking of enterprise’s
management system. This task solution from the standpoint of synergistic
approach will allow improve an efficiency of industrial enterprises’ potential
use, accelerate the rate of their innovative development and ensure their
competitiveness. The enterprise’s innovative development management system
and its components have been considered in this paper through the prism of
synergistic approach. Strategic vision of the enterprise management system
focuses on improvement of business philosophy and corporate culture,
principles, tools and methods of enterprise functioning. Synergistic approach to
modern enterprise management allows it to move on a new level of innovative
development taking into account objective laws and natural logic of systems’
functioning.
Gender Stereotypes in Media Business Discourse: Variations in Identities, Contexts and Cultures
Authors: Sousa Alcina 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis paper is meant to discuss two diverse but mutually entailed goals, underpinning the analysis of media business discourse. On the one hand, it promotes a critical understanding of how gender marks discourse and encodes power in business discursive communities, thus playing a key role in “shaping the expectations about people’s behaviours” (Koller 2004: 178). On the other, it promotes an interdisciplinary approach so as to disambiguate the discursive and argumentative strategies in the construction of media content by focusing on the symbolic organization and interaction between citizens and the discursive communities, in terms of male/female representations, given the way they throw global challenges and/or replicate stereotypes and particular ways of perceiving (Carter 1994: 5) the business discourse in terms of enunciation. The contrastive analysis of a corpus of magazine texts, covering news in April and May 2011, with a large readership in the global scenario, in Portuguese and in English (Sábado, Visão, Time and Newsweek), uncovers the power imbalance created when media texts pass on stereotypical patterns of behaviour in business and everyday discursive communities.
Deictic Representations of Person in Media Discourse
Authors: Mammadov Azad 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis paper aims to analyze the deictic representations of person in the British and American media discourse, mostly focusing on such genres and subgenres as newspaper articles, interviews, letters to editors, opinions, headlines and advertisements. For this purpose, we wish to introduce a theoretical framework for the study and then we hope to present certain ways in which deictic expressions (personal, possessive and reflexive pronouns) represent person. Theoretical framework for our study is based upon the socio-cognitive approach, which gives priority to individual practices and subjectivity over social practices in discourse as well as the definition of discourse based on knowledge. The reason why we focus on the media discourse is obvious. The high degree of personalized conceptualization and contextualization dominated by a large number of subjective factors prevail in the above-mentioned genres and subgenres of media discourse. The deictic representations of person play the key role in this process.
Target's Corporate Identity and its Reflection in Employee's Anonymous Reviews of the Company
Authors: Mysakowska Marta 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe purpose of this case study is to investigate the identity linguistically and cognitively presented by official Target Corporation’s discourse and to unveil any structures or elements that are prominent enough to be included in the employees’ discourse production. The assumption is that the particular language we speak and the structures we choose in various contexts predispose us to think and act in certain ways. As for the approach utilized in this research, it is rather data-driven than data-based. Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis (Wodak and Meyer 2001) are employed and they are supplemented by Critical Metaphor Analysis (Charteris-Black 2005). The sampling of the customers was opportunistic. The identity in and around organization can be effectively investigated through linguistic methods. The study has shown that the vision of the company’s identity is more integrated by the executives and team leaders than grassroots employees. The paper draws attention to the very basic level of communication and its potential of imposing certain conceptualizations – the actual building blocks of any narrative. Moreover, the methodology employed goes beyond mere content analysis and applies rigorous linguistic analysis of company discourse.
Patient- and Family-Centered Care of Children in the Emergency Department
Authors: Dudley Nanette , Ackerman Alice , Brown Kathleen M. , Snow Sally K. ,   American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Pediatric Emergency Medicine,   American College of Emergency Physicians Pediatric Emergency Medicine Committee,   Emergency Nurses Association Pediatric Committee, Shook Joan E. , Chun Thomas H. , Conners Gregory P. , Fuchs Susan M. , Gorelick Marc H. , Lane Natalie E. , Moore Brian R. , Wright Joseph L. 
Published: December 2014

This Technical Report was reaffirmed October 2019.
Patient- and family-centered care is an approach to the planning, delivery, and evaluation of health care that is grounded in a mutually beneficial partnership among patients, families, and health care professionals. Providing patient- and family-centered care to children in the emergency department setting presents many opportunities and challenges. This revised technical report draws on previously published policy statements and reports, reviews the current literature, and describes the present state of practice and research regarding patient- and family-centered care for children in the emergency department setting as well as some of the complexities of providing such care.
Charge carrier dynamics in small-molecule- and polymer-based donor-acceptor blends
Authors: Paudel Keshab , Johnson Brian , Thieme Mattson , Anthony John E. , Ostroverkhova Oksana 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTWe present a comparative study of optical absorption, photoluminescence (PL), and photoconductivity in bulk heterojunctions comprising a high performance functionalized anthradithiophene (ADT) derivative or the benchmark polymer P3HT as donor and functionalized pentacene (Pn) derivative or PCBM as acceptor. Of all D/A blends studied, the ADT/PCBM blend exhibited the highest charge photogeneration efficiencies under 532 nm excitation, leading to the highest amplitudes of time-resolved and continuous wave (cw) photocurrents. At nanosecond time scales after photoexcitation, both ADT-TES-F-based blends and the P3HT/Pn-TIPS-F8 blend exhibited photocurrents which were higher by a factor of 2-10, depending on the blend, than that in the P3HT/PCBM blend. However, cw photocurrents showed a different trend, with the ADT-TES-F/PCBM blend exhibiting only a factor of ∼2.5 higher photoresponse than that in the P3HT/PCBM blends, and the ADT-TES-F- and P3HT- based blends with Pn-TIPS-F8 showing a factor of ∼1.5-2.5 lower photoresponse than that in the P3HT/PCBM blend, due to other contributions, such as that of charge trap-limited transport, to cw photoresponse.
Organic Semiconductor Thin Films Deposited by Resonant Infrared Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation: A Fundamental Study of the Emulsion Target
Authors: Liu Yuankai , Atewologun Ayomide , Stiff-Roberts Adrienne D. 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTPoly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) thin films were deposited using emulsion-based, resonant infrared matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (RIR-MAPLE) from emulsions containing different solvents and different alcohols, to investigate the impact of emulsion on film morphology. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) and grazing-incidence, wide angle x-ray scattering (GIWAXS) results show that surface morphology of RIR-MAPLE as-deposited films can be varied from rough to smooth and the microcrystalline domain orientations with respect to the substrate can be tuned from randomly oriented to preferentially oriented in the vertical direction. The demonstrated ability to tune the structural characteristics of polymer thin films by controlling the target emulsion is important for the application of organic optoelectronic devices deposited by RIR-MAPLE.
The Relative and Incremental Valuation Effects of Embedded Value Disclosure by Life Insurers: Evidence from Cross-Listed Firms in the U.S.
Authors: El-Gazzar Samir M. , Jacob Rudolph A. , McGregor Scott P. 
Published: December 2014

SYNOPSIS
European life insurers began disclosing embedded value information (EV) over a decade ago due to concerns with traditional local accounting standards. EV is an estimate of the present value of future net cash flows from in-force life insurance business. However, U.S.-based life insurers have yet to adopt this disclosure, although several surveys and empirical studies suggest that EV disclosure provides valuable information in assessing life insurers' performance.
This paper examines the incremental valuation effects of EV disclosure in the presence of U.S. GAAP. We utilize a sample of cross-listed life insurers as surrogates to assess the valuation effects of EV disclosures for U.S. life insurers. Our empirical results show a higher association between EV and stock market prices than those of traditional accounting metrics such as earnings or book value. The results also show that EV has incremental explanatory power beyond those of traditional U.S. GAAP accounting measures. Our findings provide vital input to FASB and IASB as they currently engage in a joint project to develop uniform globally acceptable, comparable accounting standards for life insurers.