bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Body Fat and Masticatory Function
Authors: Sánchez‐Ayala Alfonso , Campanha Nara Hellen , Garcia Renata Cunha Matheus Rodrigues 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPurpose: The aim of this cross‐sectional study was to investigate the relationship between body fat and masticatory function.Materials and Methods: One hundred dentate and partially edentulous participants (33 male; mean age, 39.7 ± 16.6 years) were selected. Body fat was established through body mass index (BMI). Masticatory function was evaluated by quantifying occlusal pairs and determining masticatory efficiency and swallowing threshold with the sieving method. During the swallowing threshold test, chewing rate was registered. Masticatory ability was also evaluated with a 5‐point Likert scale questionnaire. Data were analyzed with Spearman and chi‐square tests, as well as binary logistic regression analysis for the presence of increased BMI (α= 0.05).Results: Age (rho = 0.517), occlusal pairs (chi‐square = 26.353), masticatory efficiency (chi‐square = 30.935), masticatory ability (chi‐square = 25.132; p < 0.001), and swallowing threshold (chi‐square = 8.730; p < 0.005) were related to BMI. Age (odds ratio, OR = 1.048, 95% CI = 1.008 to 1.089) and lower masticatory efficiency (OR = 4.792, 95% CI = 1.419 to 16.183) were predictive of increased body fat (p < 0.05). Gender (chi‐square = 0.402, p= 0.526) and chewing rate (rho =–0.158, p= 0.117) were not related to BMI.Conclusions: These results suggest that people with lower masticatory efficiency may be at risk for increased body fat.
Fabrication of a Surgical Splint in an Emergency Situation: A Clinical Report
Authors: Gupta Lokendra , Aparna I.N. , Dhanasekar B. , Kamath Abhay T. , Lingeshwar D. , Agarwal Priyanka 
Published: October 2012

AbstractFractures involving pediatric jaws most often require a splint to prevent the fragments from being displaced; however, impression making presents a challenge. This article describes the fabrication of a surgical splint over an ideal cast, which is subsequently refitted with a tissue conditioner onto the patient's jaw. The highlight of this technique is the elimination of an impression procedure, thereby reducing clinical and laboratory time and easing pain in the child.
An Alternate Impression Technique for Ocular Prostheses
Authors: Goiato Marcelo Coelho , dos Santos Daniela Micheline , Moreno Amália , Filié Haddad Marcela , Turcio Karina Helga Leal 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis article describes an alternative two‐step ocular prosthesis impression technique that employs two materials of different consistencies. The method is intended to provide better adaptation to underlying tissues, increased mobility of the prosthesis owing to improvements in facial contours, and improved esthetics, as well as offering the patient greater comfort and security. These advantages and this prosthesis’ relative ease of fabrication mean it should be considered as the first step in the management of untreated anophthalmic sockets.
New Product Development: Impact of Project Characteristics and Development Practices on Performance
Authors: Ahmad Sohel , Mallick Debasish N. , Schroeder Roger G. 
Published: October 2012

Concurrent product development process and integrated product development teams have emerged as the two dominant new product development (NPD) “best practices” in the literature. Yet empirical evidence of their impact on product development success remains inconclusive. This paper draws upon organizational information processing theory (OIPT) to explore how these two dominant NPD best practices and two key aspects of NPD project characteristics (i.e., project uncertainty and project complexity) directly and jointly affect the NPD performance. Contrary to the “best practice” literature, the analysis, based on 266 NPD projects from three industries (i.e., automotive, electronics, and machinery) across nine countries (i.e., Austria, Finland, Germany, Italy, Japan, Korea, Spain, Sweden, and the United States), found no evidence of any direct impact of process concurrency or team integration on overall NPD performance. Instead, there is evidence of negative impact of the interaction between project uncertainty and concurrent NPD process and positive impact of the interaction between project complexity and team integration on overall NPD performance. Moreover, the study found no evidence of any direct negative impact of project uncertainty or complexity on overall NPD performance as suggested in the literature, but found evidence of a direct positive relationship between project complexity and overall NPD performance.The practical implications of these results are significant. First, neither process concurrency nor team integration should be embraced universally as best practice. Second, process concurrency should be avoided in projects with high uncertainty (i.e., when working with unfamiliar product, market, or technology). Finally, team integration should be encouraged for complex product development projects. For a simple product a loosely integrated team or a more centralized decision process may work well. However, as project complexity increases, team integration becomes essential for improved product development. There is no one‐size‐fits‐all solution for managing NPD projects. The choice of a product development practice should be determined by the project characteristics.
Colloidal Shaping of 8 mol% Yttria‐Stabilized Zirconia Electrolyte Honeycomb Structures by Microwave‐Assisted Thermal Gelation of Methyl Cellulose
Authors: Rajeswari Kotikalapudi , Biswas Papiya , Suresh Madireddy Buchi , Hareesh Unnikrishnan Saraswathy , Johnson Roy , Das Dibakar 
Published: October 2012

Eight mol% Yttria‐stabilized zirconia, the most commonly employed electrolyte material for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), was shaped into honeycomb structures by thermally induced gelation of aqueous zirconia slurry containing methyl cellulose using microwave irradiation. The green honeycomb samples were subjected to green density and green compressive strength measurements revealing a uniform gelation and hence a relatively higher strength for microwave irradiated samples. The green honeycomb samples were further sintered to crack‐free dense honeycombs (>99% TD) at 1525°C for 1 h. Honeycomb samples were characterized for their physical, cellular, and electrical properties. A relatively high ionic conductivity value of 0.07 S/cm at 800°C and corresponding low activation energy of 0.61 eV in the temperature range 700–800°C provide opportunities to explore the development of novel designs for SOFC application.
Joining of Silicon Nitride by Local Heating for Fabrication of Long Ceramic Pipes
Authors: Hotta Mikinori , Kondo Naoki , Kita Hideki , Ohji Tatsuki , Izutsu Yasuhisa 
Published: October 2012

This study demonstrated that a long silicon nitride pipe of several meters with adequately strong joints can be fabricated by a local‐heating joining technique. Commercially available silicon nitride ceramic pipes sintered with Y2O3 and Al2O3 additives were used for parent material, and powder slurry of Si3N4‐Y2O3‐Al2O3‐SiO2 system was brush‐coated on the rough or uneven end faces of the pipes. Joining was carried out by locally heating the joint region at different temperatures from 1500°C to 1650°C for 1 h with a mechanical pressure of 5 MPa in N2 flow; using a horizontal electrical furnace specially designed for this experiment. The silicon nitride pipe 3‐m long was successfully fabricated without voids or cracks in the joint region, and the microstructure of the joint region was similar to that of the parent one. The joint strength was examined in flexure using specimens cut from the joined pipes, and those joined at 1600°C and 1650°C indicated the highest strength of about 680 MPa, which was almost the same as that of the parent material. This study also indicated that the slurry brush‐coating technique is advantageous to easily joining ceramic pipes with rough or uneven end faces, which is essentially important for practical use.
Synthesis of Nanosized Cesium Ferrite by Precursor and Combustion Method: A Comparative Study
Authors: Gupta Manik , Gupta Munish , Randhawa Balwinder S. 
Published: October 2012

Thermolysis of cesium hexa(carboxylato)ferrate(III) precursors, Cs3[Fe(L)6].xH2O (L = formate, acetate, propionate, butyrate), has been carried out in flowing air atmosphere from ambient temperature to 1000°C. Various physico‐chemical techniques, that is, simultaneous TG‐DTG‐DTA, XRD, TEM, IR, Mössbauer spectroscopy, have been employed to characterize the intermediates and end products. After dehydration, the anhydrous precursors undergo exothermic decomposition to yield various intermediates, that is, cesium carbonate/propionate/butyrate and α‐Fe2O3. A subsequent decomposition of these intermediates leads to the formation of cesium ferrite above 800°C. Similar ferrite has been prepared by the combustion method at comparatively lower temperature (600°C) and in less time than that of conventional ceramic method.
Rural‐Urban Differences in Health Services Utilization in the US‐Mexico Border Region
Authors: Su Dejun , Pratt William , Salinas Jennifer , Wong Rebeca , Pagán José A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPurpose: Evaluate the association between driving distance to the US‐Mexico border and rural‐urban differences in the use of health services in Mexico by US border residents from Texas.Methods: Data for this study come from the Cross‐Border Utilization of Health Care Survey, a population‐based telephone survey conducted in the Texas border region in spring 2008. Driving distances to the border were estimated from the nearest border crossing station using Google Maps. Outcome measures included medication purchases, physician visits, dentist visits, and inpatient care in Mexico during the 12 months prior to the survey. A series of adjusted logit models were estimated after controlling for relevant confounding factors.Findings: The average driving distance to the nearest border crossing station among rural respondents was 4 times that of urban respondents (42.0 miles vs 10.3 miles [P < .001]). Rural respondents were more likely to be dissatisfied than urban respondents with the health care provided on the US side of the border, yet they were less likely to use health services in Mexico. Driving distance to the border largely explained the observed rural‐urban differences in medication purchases from Mexico. In the case of inpatient care, however, rural respondents reported a higher utilization rate than urban respondents and this rural‐urban difference became more pronounced after adjusting for the effect of driving distance to the border.Conclusions: Dissatisfaction with US health care services in rural communities in the US‐Mexico border region seems to be compounded by the lack of access to health care services in Mexico due to travel distance constraints.
Mesozoic “Red Beds” and its Evolution in the Hefei Basin
Authors: Jiaodong ZHANG , Xuanhua CHEN , Qiuli LI , Chengzhai LIU , Bing LI , Jie LI , Gang LIU , Fenglou REN 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe Hefei Basin is the largest basin in the North China landmass with complete and well‐preserved Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata. In the basin there developed a suite of extremely thick “red beds” in the Mesozoic. Owing to complex evolution processes and a lack of paleontological traces, there have been controversies regarding the division and correlation of this suite of red beds. Based on results obtained in recent years in drilling, seismic and surface geological investigations and in consideration of relationships between seismic sequences and regional tectonic events, as well as evidence in paleontology, petrology and isotopic dating, this paper preliminarily puts forward the following ideas about the sequence stratigraphic framework of the continental “red beds” in the Hefei Basin. (1) The Zhougongshan Formation and the Yuantongshan Formation have similar lithologic, geophysical and paleontological characteristics, so we incorporate them into a single formation, called the Yuantongshan Formation, and the original Zhougongshan and Yuantongshan Formations are regarded as the upper and the lower parts of the newly defined Yuantongshan Formation. Its age is the Middle Jurassic; (2) the Zhuxiang Formation belongs to the Upper Jurassic Series and (3) the age of the Xiangdaopu Formation is the Lower Cretaceous. Furthermore, signatures of depositional evolution are analyzed in the paper based on features of seismic reflection, outcrops and drilling data. The Early and Middle Jurassic is characterized by a foreland basin, which is influenced mainly by uplift and longitudinal compression of the Dabieshan Mountains; the Lower Jurassic System has a relatively small depositional area; the Middle Jurassic strata are distributed extensively over the whole basin, marking the summit of basin development; a flexure basin is characteristic of the Late Jurassic, manifesting a joint effect of the Dabieshan and Zhangbaling Mountains with the former being more significant. In the Early Cretaceous, the Xiangdaopu Formation was distributed in the Daqiao depression, evidently affected by extension of the Tanlu fault; in the Late Cretaceous, the Hefei Basin was subjected to dismembering and the Zhangqiao Formation was distributed in the east‐west direction along the downthrown side of the fault.
Sequence Thickness and its Response to Episodic Tectonic Evolution in Paleogene Qikou Sag, Bohaiwan Basin
Authors: Si CHEN , Hua WANG , Lihong ZHOU , Chuanyan HUANG , Jiahao WANG , Peigang REN , Xuemei XIANG 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe sequence stratigraphy framework of Paleogene of Qikou Sag has been built in this paper. The evolution law of episodic subsidence in Qikou Sag has been expounded, with the analysis of the characteristic of sequence thickness, as well as the study of consedimental tectonic activity, subsidence history, paleogeomorphology and the coupling relationship among them. The faults controlling action was the dominant mechanism during rifting stage I, as the depression was the dominant mechanism during rifting stage III, which embodies a process from intense disparity fault depression to integral subsidence. Meanwhile, under the control of regional faulting and later stage depression, subsidence rate centers and paleogeomorphic concave centers are always corresponding to the sequence thickness centers, and the changes of subsidence centers and paleogeomorphology concave centers are consistent with the migration of thickness centers, which presents the restriction, coupling and response among them and clarifies the law that tectonic activity controls the basin fill by means of controlling the subsidence rate and paleogeomorphology from contributing factor angle. On this basis, the dynamic evolution of the composite pattern of structure‐subsidence‐deposition in the fault controlling actic region during the three rifting stages and their petroleum geological significance has been discussed.
Seismic Technique for Studying Sedimentary Layer: Bohai Basin as an Example
Authors: Chuansong HE , Shuwen DONG , Xuanhua CHEN 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe upper tertiary to quaternary is the main target layer for oil and gas exploitation in Mainland China, especially crude oil production in the Bohai Basin accounts for approximately 40% of China's crude oil production. Therefore, a study of the Upper Tertiary to Quaternary has important significance for science and practical applications. In this study, using the receiver function method, Ps and later phase extraction, the sedimentary thickness and an accurate estimate of velocity ratio can be obtained. The technique is simple, its calculation results are unique, and it can be applied to a study of the sedimentary layer. The technique is promising for oil and gas exploration.
Indosinian Orogenesis in the Lhasa Terrane, Tibet: New Muscovite 40Ar‐39Ar Geochronology and Evolutionary Process
Authors: Huaqi LI , Zhiqin XU , Jingsui YANG , Zhemin TANG 
Published: October 2012

AbstractMuscovite 40Ar‐39Ar dating of muscovite‐quartz schist, eclogite and retrograde eclogite indicates an Indosinian orogenesis occurred at 220–240 Ma in the Lhasa terrane, which is caused by the closure of Paleo‐Tethyan ocean basin and the following collision of the northern Lhasa terrane and southern Gondwana land. This Indosinian orogenesis is further confirmed by the regional sedimentary characteristics, magmatic activity and ophiolite mélange. This evidence suggests that the Indosinian orogenic belt in the Lhasa terrane is widely distributed from the Coqen county in the west, and then extends eastward through the Ningzhong and Sumdo area, finally turning around the eastern Himalayan syntaxis into the Bomi county. Based on the evolutionary process, the geological development of Lhasa terrane from early Paleozoic to early Mesozoic can be divided into seven stages. All of the seven stages make up a whole Wilson circle and reveal a perfect evolutionary process of the Paleo‐Tethys ocean between the northern Lhasa terrane and southern Gondwana land. The Indosinian orogenisis is a significant event for the evolution of the Lhasa terrane as well as the Tibetan Plateau.
Petrological Characteristics and Genesis of the Central Indian Ocean Basin Basalts
Authors: DAS Pranab , IYER Sridhar D. , HAZRA Sugata 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe Central Indian Ocean Basin (CIOB) basalts are plagioclase‐rich, while olivine and pyroxene are very few. The analyses of 41 samples reveal high FeOT (∼10–18 wt%) and TiO2 (∼1.4–2.7 wt%) indicating a ferrobasaltic composition. The basalts have high incompatible elements (Zr 63–228 ppm; Nb ∼1–5 ppm; Ba ∼15–78 ppm; La ∼3–16 ppm), a similar U/Pb (0.02–0.4) ratio as the normal mid‐oceanic basalt (0.16±0.07) but the Ba/Nb (12.5–53) ratio is much larger than that of the normal mid‐oceanic ridge basalt (∼5.7) and Primitive Mantle (9.56). Interestingly almost all of the basalts have a significant negative Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu*=0.78–1.00) that may have been a result of the removal of feldspar and pyroxene during crystal fractionation. These compositional variations suggest that the basalts were derived through fractional crystallization together with low partial melting of a shallow seated magma.
Geochemistry of Carboniferous Sandstones (Sardar Formation), East‐Central Iran: Implication for Provenance and Tectonic Setting
Authors: KHANEHBAD Mohammad , MOUSSAVI‐HARAMI Reza , MAHBOUBI Asadollah , NADJAFI Mehdi , MAHMUDY GHARAIE Mohammad Hosein 
Published: October 2012

AbstractGeochemical analysis of sandstones from the Sardar Formation (from two stratigraphic successions) in east‐central Iran were used for identification of geochemical characterization of sandstones, provenance and tectonic setting. Sandstones in the two lithostratigraphic successions have similar chemical compositions suggesting a common provenance. Bulk‐rock geochemistry analysis of Carboniferous sandstones from Sardar Formation indicates that they are mainly quartz dominated and are classified as quartzarenites, sublitharenites and subarkoses, derived from acid igneous to intermediate igneous rocks. Discrimination function analysis indicates that the sandstones of Sardar Formation were derived from quartzose sedimentary provenance in a recycled orogenic setting. Also, major and trace elements in sandstones of Sardar Formation (e.g., K2O/Na2O vs. SiO2) indicate deposition in a stable passive continental margin (PM). Chemical index of alteration (CIA) for these rocks (> 65%) suggests a moderate to relatively high degree of weathering in the source area.
Laser Ablation ICP‐MS U‐Pb Zircon Geochronology of Granitoids and Quartz Veins in the Shihu Gold Mine, Taihang Orogen, North China: Timing of Gold‐mineralization and Tectonic Implications
Authors: Ye CAO , Shengrong LI , Xianxiao XIONG , Zhenzhen LI , Xiaobin LIU , Meijuan YAO , Huafeng ZHANG 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe Shihu gold deposit, situated in the Taihang Mesozoic orogen of the North China Craton (NCC), is hosted by ductile‐brittle faults within Archean metamorphic core complex. The deposit is characterized by gold‐bearing quartz‐polymetallic sulfides veins. The Mapeng granitoids stock and intermediate‐basic dikes intruded the metamorphic basement rocks, and are spatially related to gold mineralization. Detailed laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA ICP‐MS) U‐Pb zircon ages of the granitic rocks, dykes and mineralized quartz veins in the studied area reveal its magmatic and mineralized history. The mineralized quartz veins contain inherited zircons with ages of about 2.55 Ga and 1.84 Ga, probably coming from the basement. These two Precambrian events are coeval with those in other parts of the NCC. The Mapeng granitoid stock, the largest intrusion in the area, was emplaced at ca. 130 Ma, and is coeval with magmatic zircon populations from diorites and quartz diorite pophyrites in the same region. The ca. 130 Ma magmatism and gold mineralization were most likely related to an underplating event that took place in the Taihang orogen at Late Mesozoic. The timing of gold mineralization with respect to felsic magmatism in the area is similar to those observed in other major gold‐producing provinces in the NCC. This episode is simultaneous with those in the eastern margin of NCC, indicative of a widespread late Yanshanian metallogenic event that was a response to the Early Cretaceous lithosphere in the eastern NCC, in which the mesothermal gold deposits were formed from similar tectono‐magmatic environments.
Application of Spectral Angle Mapper Classification to Discriminate Hydrothermal Alteration in Southwest Birjand, Iran, Using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Image Processing
Authors: ABDI Maryam , KARIMPOUR Mohammd H. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) classification method for determining the optimum threshold (maximum spectral angle) to unveil the hydrothermal mineral assemblages related to mineral deposits. The study area indicates good potential for Cu‐Au porphyry, epithermal gold deposits and hydrothermal alteration well developed in arid and semiarid climates, which makes this region significant for Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) image processing analysis. Given that achieving an acceptable mineral mapping requires knowing the alteration patterns, petrochemistry and petrogenesis of the igneous rocks while considering the effect of weathering, overprinting of supergene alteration, overprinting of hypogene alteration and host rock spectral mixing, SAM classification was implemented for argillic, sericitic, propylitic, alunitization, silicification and iron oxide zones of six previously known mineral deposits: Maherabad, a Cu‐Au porphyry system; Sheikhabad, an upper part of Cu‐Au porphyry system; Khoonik, an Intrusion related Au system; Barmazid, a low sulfidation epithermal system; Khopik, a Cu‐Au porphyry system; and Hanish, an epithermal Au system. Thus, the investigation showed that although the whole alteration zones are affected by mixing, it is also possible to produce a favorable hydrothermal mineral map by such complementary data as petrology, petrochemistry and alteration patterns.
Disposal of unwanted medications: throw, bury, burn or just ignore?
Authors: Koshy Samuel 
Published: October 2012

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this article is to highlight the relevance of proper disposal of unwanted medications.

Key findings
Proper disposal of unwanted medications is a global issue. The consequences of improper disposal are a major concern, as it has negative consequences on both human health and the environment. Pharmacists are in a key position to ensure proper disposal and reduce the generation of unwanted medications.

Conclusion
There is urgent need for awareness on a global scale, among the public and healthcare professionals, of the importance of proper disposal of unwanted medications. Research is required to assess pharmacists' attitudes and methods used for disposal from pharmacies.