bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring the Value of Program Adaptation: A Comparative Effectiveness Study of the Standard and a Culturally Adapted Version of the Arthritis Self-Help Program
Authors: Reid M. Carrington , Chen Emily K. , Parker Samantha J. , Henderson Charles R. , Pillemer Karl 
Published: November 2013

Background Arthritis remains an important public health problem. Questions/Purposes This study aims to determine the effects of an adapted (vs. the original) Arthritis Self-Help Program (ASHP) among older adults. Specifically, this study sought to determine (1) whether the adapted ASHP improved attendance, retention, and adherence with the use of self-management exercises, and (2) if the original ASHP's beneficial outcomes were maintained following program adaptation. Patient and Methods Individuals age ≥60 with self-reported arthritis were recruited from eight New York City senior centers. Participants were assessed at baseline to assess their demographic and clinical status and at 6 and 24 weeks to ascertain study outcomes using validated measures. Results Two-hundred-one participants (64 non-Hispanic African Americans, 86 Hispanics, and 51 non-Hispanic Whites) enrolled. Participants in the adapted (vs. original) ASHP had better average attendance in the six session program (4.7 vs. 3.2 classes attended, p < 0.01) and program retention (93% vs. 74%, p < 0.01). Adherence with use of the self-management exercises (number of days using endurance, stretching, and relaxation exercises) was similar in both groups. Significant positive physical/psychosocial outcomes were documented in both the adapted and original program. Conclusion The adapted ASHP improved program attendance and retention while maintaining improvements in physical and psychosocial functions. These results support future efforts to employ controlled designs to quantify the benefits of adapted evidence-based programs to ensure that adaptation maintains program effectiveness.
A Reversal in the Relationship of Human Development With Fertility?
Authors: Harttgen Kenneth , Vollmer Sebastian 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Myrskylä et al. (2009) found that the relationship between the human development index (HDI) and the total fertility rate (TFR) reverses from negative (i.e., increases in HDI are associated with decreases in TFR) to positive (i.e., increases in HDI are associated with increases in TFR) at an HDI level of 0.86. In this article, we show that the reversal in the HDI-TFR relationship is robust to neither the UNDP’s recent revision in the HDI calculation method nor thedecomposition of the HDI into its education, standard-of-living, and health subindices.
Predictors of unknown HIV serostatus at the time of labor and delivery in Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Ononge Sam , Karamagi Charles , Nakabiito Clemensia , Wandabwa Julius , Mirembe Florence , Rukundo Godfrey Z. , Jennings Larissa 
Published: November 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo determine factors associated with an unknown HIV serostatus among pregnant women admitted in labor to Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda.MethodsIn total, 665 pregnant women admitted to Mulago Hospital were interviewed about their sociodemographic characteristics, obstetric history, access to prenatal care, fears regarding HIV testing, and knowledge about modes of mother‐to‐child‐transmission (MTCT). Knowledge of the HIV serostatus was assessed by self‐report and verified by prenatal card review.ResultsThe prevalence of unknown HIV serostatus at the time of labor was 27.1%. Factors associated with an unknown HIV serostatus included high parity (odds ratio [OR] 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16–3.14), preterm delivery (OR 2.60; 95% CI, 1.06–6.34), prenatal care at a private clinic (OR 12.87; 95% CI, 5.68–29.14), residence more than 5 km from the nearest prenatal clinic (OR 2.86; 95% CI, 1.18–17.9), high knowledge about MTCT (OR 0.25; 95% CI, 0.07–0.86), and fears related to disclosing the test result to the partner (OR 3.60; 95% CI, 1.84–7.06).ConclusionThe high prevalence of unknown HIV serostatus among women in labor highlights the need to improve accessibility to HIV testing services early during pregnancy to be able to take advantage of antiretroviral therapy.
A case of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy in which left ventricular remodeling and reverse remodeling were seen with pacing on and off
Authors: Matsui Taiju , Kayano Hiroyuki , Nishimura Hideki , Toshida Tsutomu , Asano Taku , Hamazaki Yuji , Tanno Kaoru , Kobayashi Youichi 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA 77‐year‐old woman with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy was admitted to the hospital in March 2005 with a chief complaint of chest discomfort, and a left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) gradient was seen. After starting apical dual chamber (DDD) pacing and oral cibenzoline 300 mg/day to relieve the stenosis, the pressure gradient and subjective symptoms disappeared. The patient was then followed as an outpatient. In January 2008, cibenzoline was discontinued because the patient experienced a hypoglycemic attack. Plain chest radiographs showed an increased cardiothoracic ratio from May 2009 and ventricular remodeling was suspected, although there were no changes in chest symptoms. Therefore, pacing off was considered. Acute changes in the LVOT gradient were evaluated with echocardiography before and after pacing on–off, but no changes were seen, so the course was observed in the pacing‐off state. The LVOT gradient gradually increased again from 7 months after pacing off, and the pressure gradient decreased again after pacing was restarted. On the electrocardiogram, a deep negative T wave was seen in V4–6 immediately after pacing off, but with time, it became positive, similar to before an implantable cardioverter defibrillator was inserted. Reverse remodeling was judged to occur after pacing off, and pacing therapy was restarted. The patient is currently under observation.
Historic and current distribution patterns, and minimum abundance of killer whales (Orcinus orca) in the north-west Atlantic
Authors: Lawson Jack W. , Stevens Tara S. 
Published: November 2013

This study represents the first comprehensive examination of the distribution and abundance of killer whales (Orcinus orca) in the north-west Atlantic. Based on a collation of sightings data and a multi-year photographic catalogue of killer whales, 836 sighting events have been recorded between 1758 and 2012, with most occurring in the last ten years. Killer whales were most commonly observed during June–September in Newfoundland/Labrador, Canada. Most sightings were made close to shore, although many occurred beyond coastal shelf areas and in water depths in excess of 3000 m. Relatively fewer sightings were recorded on the Scotian Shelf, in the Gulf of St Lawrence or the north-eastern USA, despite appreciable aerial and vessel-based cetacean survey effort. In the north-west Atlantic, killer whales have been sighted both alone and in groups, with group sizes ranging from 2 to 30 whales (rarely more than 15, although an aggregation of 100 was reported 43 years ago). Groups usually comprised 2–6 individuals. Based on photographic records, there are at least 67 identified killer whales in the northwest Atlantic; this is an underestimate, since a large portion of our image collection was not of sufficient quality to be considered in the analysis, and many of the whales do not have easily discernible markings. The discovery curve of newly-identified whales has not plateaued, suggesting that there are more whales to identify. These data allow us to better understand the ecology of these killer whales, and provide a baseline against which population changes and distribution patterns can be assessed.
Wagner and the ‘Makart Style’
Authors: GREY THOMAS 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe visual artist most commonly linked with the name of Richard Wagner from the 1870s to the early twentieth century was the now relatively little-known Viennese painter Hans Makart (1844–84). Makart's Viennese atelier – no less than his sumptuous history paintings, ‘bacchanals’, society portraits and multi-media design-projects (notably a lavish 1879 historical pageant celebrating the Hapsburg monarchy) – defined an influential visual and stylistic idiom for the early fin-de-siècle. The style is recognisable in the salon at villa Wahnfried, in Paul Joukowsky's set designs for the first Parsifal, and arguably, in aspects of Wagner's music itself. Like most artists of the era, Makart occasionally depicted Wagnerian motifs, but his affinity with the composer was recognised as a matter of style and technique. Two breakthrough works from around 1868 in triptych form, Moderne Amoretten (Modern Cupids) and Der Pest in Florenz (The Plague in Florence), suggest thematic and conceptual parallels with Tannhäuser and Tristan und Isolde, respectively. Makart's Renaissance history paintings and the 1879 Vienna Festzug stage national history as a collective aesthetic experience in the manner of Die Meistersinger. A ubiquitous theme in comparisons of artist and composer is the role of colour (visual, harmonic and timbral), raised to a quasi-autonomous force that dominates composition and ‘idea’. Makart's resistance to conventions of visual narrative, as read by contemporary critics, recalls Wagner's resistance to conventional melodic periodicity.This article investigates the cultural and technical sources of Makart's appeal in the later nineteenth century and traces the comparison of Makart's and Wagner's styles as a critical topos. The disappearance of Makart and his ‘style’ from modern critical consciousness, I argue, mirrors a cultural Amnesia regarding features central to Wagner's irresistible fascination for his contemporaries.
Qualitative Evaluation of Scanning Electron Microscopy Methods in a Study of the Resin Cement/Dentine Adhesive Interface
Authors: Pereira Carolina N. d. B. , Daleprane Bruno , Barbosa Paola F. , Moreira Allyson N. , de Magalhães Cláudia S. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractSample preparation and imaging techniques for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of dehydrated dental samples can hinder the structural analyses. This study qualitatively evaluated images obtained with two different protocols of SEM preparation and analysis to assess the dentine adhesive interface. The crown and root dentine of 12 bovine incisors were subjected to cementation with the resin cement RelyX U100 or RelyX ARC/SBMP (n = 6). After storage for 7 days in a moist environment at 37 ± 1°C, the dentine samples were dehydrated in an ascending alcohol series, and three specimens from each group were coated with gold or carbon and examined in a high-vacuum (JEOL JSM—6360LV, 10 kV) or low-vacuum (FEI Quanta 200F, 15–30 kV) microscope. Images were obtained at magnifications between 50 and 2,000×, but with different working distances. The use of high vacuum for carbon and gold coating and SEM visualization led to cracks in the samples. A small number of cracks can be described in the specimens subjected to the low-vacuum technique. The protocol for SEM imaging in low vacuum was considered more appropriate for preservation of the integrity of the evaluated structures.
Intergrowth of Components and Ramps in Coffin-Shaped ZSM-5 Zeolite Crystals Unraveled by Focused Ion Beam-Assisted Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: Lu Jiangbo , Roeffaers Maarten B.J. , Bartholomeeusen Evelyne , Sels Bert F. , Schryvers Dominique 
Published: November 2013

AbstractScanning electron microscopy, focused ion beam (FIB), and transmission electron microscopy are combined to study the intergrowth of 90° rotational components and of ramps in coffin-shaped ZSM-5 crystals. The 90° rotational boundaries with local zig-zag features between different intergrowth components are observed in the main part of crystal. Also a new kind of displacement boundary is described. At the displacement boundary there is a shift of the unit cells along the boundary without a change in orientation. Based on lamellae prepared with FIB from different positions of the ramps and crystal, the orientation relationships between ramps and the main part of the crystal are studied and the three-dimensional morphology and growth mechanism of the ramp are illustrated.
Where Human Rights Meet Administrative Law: Essential Elements and Limits to Delegation: European Court of Justice, Grand Chamber C-355/10: European Parliament v. Council of the European Union
Authors: den Heijer Maarten , Tauschinsky Eljalill 
Published: November 2013

Case C-355/10 deals with institutional questions and with the delicate issue of intercepting migrants at sea, and thus with fundamental rights. The European Parliament had sought the annulment of a decision of the Council, adopted under the regulatory procedure with scrutiny (PRAC), on the grounds that it exceeded the scope of the implementing power in Article 12(5) of the Schengen Borders Code. The decision laid down rules and guidelines for Frontex maritime operations.The Court annulled the contested decision because it considered that the provisions on interception measures and search and rescue involved important political choices, and that these provisions contain elements that call for the use of legislation instead of an implementing act. However, the Court maintained the effects of the decision until it is replaced by new rules within a reasonable time. In response to the judgment, the Commission presented a fresh proposal for a regulation on 12 April 2013.
Anomalous resistance overshoot in the integer quantum Hall effect
Authors: Kendirlik E. M. , Sirt S. , Kalkan S. B. , Dietsche W. , Wegscheider W. , Ludwig S. , Siddiki A. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn this work we report on experiments performed on smooth edge-narrow Hall bars. The magneto-transport properties of intermediate mobility two-dimensional electron systems are investigated and analyzed within the screening theory of the integer quantized Hall effect. We observe a non-monotonic increase of Hall resistance at the low magnetic field ends of the quantized plateaus, known as the overshoot effect. Unexpectedly, for Hall bars that are defined by shallow chemical etching the overshoot effect becomes more pronounced at elevated temperatures. We observe the overshoot effect at odd and even integer plateaus, which favor a spin independent explanation, in contrast to discussion in the literature. In a second set of the experiments, we investigate the overshoot effect in gate defined Hall bar and explicitly show that the amplitude of the overshoot effect can be directly controlled by gate voltages. We offer a comprehensive explanation based on scattering between evanescent incompressible channels.
CNTF-mediated protection of photoreceptors requires initial activation of the cytokine receptor gp130 in Müller glial cells
Authors: Rhee Kun Do , Nusinowitz Steven , Chao Kevin , Yu Fei , Bok Dean , Yang Xian-Jie 
Published: November 2013

Significance
The cytokine CNTF has been approved by the FDA as a neuroprotective treatment for major retinal degenerative diseases. However, the mechanism of CNTF-triggered protection and CNTF-responsive cells in the retina remains unknown. Using molecular genetic analyses in a retinal degeneration mouse model, we identify the Müller glial cell as the direct initial target of exogenous CNTF signals. We provide evidence that CNTF signals stimulate a Müller glia and photoreceptor intercellular signaling loop involved in neuronal survival. Nonetheless, despite the marked improvement in photoreceptor morphology and survival, CNTF treatment does not result in a corresponding improvement of visual function. These results provide insight into the mechanism of CNTF action in the diseased retinas relevant to its clinical applications.
The limits of racial prejudice
Authors: Lewis Kevin 
Published: November 2013

Significance
Racial segregation in romantic networks is a robust and ubiquitous social phenomenon—but one we understand remarkably poorly. In this paper, I analyze a large network of interactions among users of a popular online dating site. First, I find that users from all racial backgrounds are equally likely or more likely to cross a racial boundary when reciprocating than when initiating romantic contact. Second, I find that certain subsets of users who receive—and reply to—a cross-race message initiate more new interracial exchanges in the short-term future than they would have otherwise. These findings illustrate an important mechanism whereby racial biases in assortative mating may be reduced temporarily by the actions of others.
DNA polymerase δ-interacting protein 2 is a processivity factor for DNA polymerase λ during 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine bypass
Authors: Maga Giovanni , Crespan Emmanuele , Markkanen Enni , Imhof Ralph , Furrer Antonia , Villani Giuseppe , Hübscher Ulrich , van Loon Barbara 
Published: November 2013

Significance
Macromolecules (DNA, proteins, and lipids) in all cells are constantly damaged by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In particular, ROS cause 1,000–7,000 DNA damages per day. Due to its lowest redox potential, the base guanine is mostly affected, resulting in the formation of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine. This modified base instructs incorporation of adenosine, instead of cytidine, by replicative DNA polymerases, potentially leading to GC→TA transversion mutations. DNA polymerase λ is the most efficient enzyme in performing accurate translesion synthesis over 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine, since it preferentially incorporates the correct cytidine. In this paper we found that the protein called “DNA polymerase δ interacting protein 2” supports DNA polymerase λ in its important task and can protect cells from ROS DNA damage.
Visualization of local DNA unwinding by Mre11/Rad50/Nbs1 using single-molecule FRET
Authors: Cannon Brian , Kuhnlein Jeffrey , Yang Soo-Hyun , Cheng Anita , Schindler Detlev , Stark Jeremy M. , Russell Rick , Paull Tanya T. 
Published: November 2013

Significance
The Mre11/Rad50/Nbs1 (MRN) complex recognizes double-strand breaks in eukaryotic cells, initiating DNA repair and signaling cell cycle checkpoint arrest. Several enzymes are known to be stimulated at sites of breaks through the actions of MRN, including nucleases and the ATM protein kinase. Here we investigated the interactions between MRN and DNA ends using a single-molecule approach that allows us to measure the unwinding of the helix while MRN is bound. We found that MRN promotes local separation of the DNA strands at the end of the helix (15–20 base pairs) in an ATP-dependent manner. A mutation in Rad50 that blocks this ATP-dependent opening also blocks DNA end processing in human cells, confirming the importance of duplex opening for MRN function.
Reducing Jagged 1 and 2 levels prevents cerebral arteriovenous malformations in matrix Gla protein deficiency
Authors: Yao Yucheng , Yao Jiayi , Radparvar Melina , Blazquez-Medela Ana M. , Guihard Pierre J. , Jumabay Medet , Boström Kristina I. 
Published: November 2013

Significance
Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are common vascular abnormalities that may lead to strokes. Signaling by bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and Notch play important roles in the formation of cerebral AVMs, but the cross-talk between the pathways is poorly understood. We report that gene deletion of matrix Gla protein (MGP), a BMP inhibitor, causes cerebral AVMs in mice by activating activin receptor-like kinase 1, a BMP receptor. This activation enhances Notch activity and disrupts endothelial cell differentiation by inducing the Notch ligands Jagged 1 and 2. Reducing Jagged 1 and 2 expression prevents the disruption in differentiation and AVM formation. The findings suggest that MGP maintains the balance between BMP and Notch signaling and promotes a normal brain vasculature.
Mechanistic picture for conformational transition of a membrane transporter at atomic resolution
Authors: Moradi Mahmoud , Tajkhorshid Emad 
Published: November 2013

Significance
Membrane transporters rely on large-scale conformational changes for their function. Despite considerable effort, however, details of such structural transitions are largely unknown, leaving many fundamental questions regarding the transport mechanism in this important family of membrane proteins unanswered. Here, we present a nonequilibrium approach to characterize the conformational transition of MsbA, a member of the ATP-binding cassette exporter family, which is involved in transport of diverse substrates across the membrane. The design of the study is based on complex, system-specific reaction coordinates and protocols resulting in an unprecedented level of detail on the nature of conformational coupling and the mechanism of transport. The presented approach opens opportunities for investigating large-scale conformational changes of other membrane transporters.
Genetic basis of neurocognitive decline and reduced white-matter integrity in normal human brain aging
Authors: Glahn David C. , Kent Jack W. , Sprooten Emma , Diego Vincent P. , Winkler Anderson M. , Curran Joanne E. , McKay D. Reese , Knowles Emma E. , Carless Melanie A , Göring Harald H. H. , Dyer Thomas D. , Olvera Rene L. , Fox Peter T. , Almasy Laura , Charlesworth Jac , Kochunov Peter , Duggirala Ravi , Blangero John 
Published: November 2013

SignificanceIdentification of genes associated with brain aging should improve our understanding of the biological processes that govern normal age-related decline. In randomly selected pedigrees, we documented profound aging effects from young adulthood to old age (18–83 years) on neurocognitive ability and diffusion-based white-matter measures. Despite significant phenotypic correlation between white-matter integrity and tests of processing speed, working memory, declarative memory, and intelligence, no evidence for shared genetic determination was observed. Applying a gene-by-environment interaction analysis where age is an environmental factor, we demonstrate a heritable basis for neurocognitive deterioration with age. In contrast, increasing white-matter incoherence with age appears to be nongenetic. Identifying brain-aging traits is a critical first step in delineating the biological mechanisms of successful aging.
Noninvasive detection of cancer-associated genome-wide hypomethylation and copy number aberrations by plasma DNA bisulfite sequencing
Authors: Chan K. C. Allen , Jiang Peiyong , Chan Carol W. M. , Sun Kun , Wong John , Hui Edwin P. , Chan Stephen L. , Chan Wing Cheong , Hui David S. C. , Ng Simon S. M. , Chan Henry L. Y. , Wong Cesar S. C. , Ma Brigette B. Y. , Chan Anthony T. C. , Lai Paul B. S. , Sun Hao , Chiu Rossa W. K. , Lo Y. M. Dennis 
Published: November 2013

Significance
Genome-wide hypomethylation is frequently observed in cancers. In this study, we showed that genome-wide hypomethylation analysis in plasma using shotgun massively parallel bisulfite sequencing is a powerful general approach for the detection of multiple types of cancers. This approach is particularly attractive because high sensitivity and specificity can be achieved using low sequence depth, which is practical diagnostically. This approach can also be used for monitoring patients following treatment. The same sequencing data can be further used for detecting cancer-associated copy number aberrations at no additional costs. One could thus combine plasma hypomethylation and copy number analyses in a synergistic manner for further enhancing detection sensitivity or specificity.