bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The difference in the Physiological response of the wheat plant to the effect of algae extracts and hydrogel
Authors: Mal Allah Safaa Younis , Al-Katib Mira Ausama Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

The study aims to test the effect of two algae, Compsopogon caeruleus, and Pithophora roettleri, in three concentrations (2, 1, and 0.5). Hydrogel (4, 2) g/kg. The current study included vegetative growth characteristics: The wheat germination rate plant height, root length, water content, leave area, total chlorophyll content dry weight, root and shoot total, and. was affected by fertilization treatments. And their Interference with concentrations and gel. The treatments in which each alga was used alone outperformed the Interference treatment between them in terms of the dry weight of the shoot, as it reached 1.26 and 1.27 grams for C. caeruleus and P. roettleri, respectively, while the best treatment was for weight. Root dryness of P.roettleri alga amounted to 0.19 grams. As for plant height, the best treatments were recorded with P. roettleri and C. caeruleus, respectively, as they reached 50.03 and 49.17 cm. In root length, the highest length was recorded when treated with C.caeruleus algae and reached 13.19 cm. The highest leave area was also recorded when treated with P.roettleri algae and reached 12.47 cm. The highest total and total chlorophyll content was recorded. Chlorophyll a when treated with the alga C.caeruleus reached 22.70 and 8.44 mg/g, respectively, while chlorophyll's content reached the highest percentage in the algae P.roettleri and reached 15.15 mg/g. Adding the hydrogel at a concentration of 2g/kg soil had a significant effect on the mentioned characteristics, while it was the concentration of 4 gm/kg of soil for the gel had a significant increase in the concentration of chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll an over the rest of the treatments. Laboratory results showed the effect of aqueous extracts on the wet biomass of both algae, and with the two concentrations (1, 2%), there was a significant increase in (seed germination, length of the petiole, root, and dry weight for wheat. The results of the anvil experiments indicated the presence of varying effects of aqueous extracts of wet living mass. Both the interaction between the algae and the gel, along with their concentrations, played a stimulating and moral role in some of the studied traits.
Oscillatory Potential-based Characterization of the Human Light-adapted Electroretinogram Using Discrete Wavelet Transform
Authors: Gao Min , Barboni Mirella Telles Salgueiro , Szabó Viktória , Nagy Zoltán Zsolt , Zobor Ditta , Nagy Balázs Vince 
Published: July 2024

Purpose: Our aim was to apply multiple discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) types to healthy light-adapted (cone) electroretinogram (ERG) signals in order to optimize DWT analysy in ERG. Oscillatory potentials (OP) were individually extracted from the signals and used to calculate an indicator for ERG analysis.Methods: Light-adapted (LA) 3.0 cd.s/m2 ISCEV standard ERGs were recorded from both eyes of 15 healthy volunteers (mean age: 36.9 ± 13.0 years old; 13 females). LA ERG signal components, such as b-wave and OPs, were analyzed using the discrete wavelet transformation (DWT). An index (%OPi) was proposed to estimate the individual oscillatory potentials (OP1-OP5) by calculating the coefficient ratio of the OP to b-wave. Multiple mother wavelet functions (i.e., Daubechies, Symlet, and Coiflet) with five orders were applied and compared statistically using Wilcoxon tests and paired t-test comparisons with Bonferroni posthoc analyses (p < 0.005). Results: OP4 shows the most energy at both low and high-frequency bands (80Hz and 160Hz), while OP2 has lower energy at the low-frequency band (80Hz) and higher energy at the high-frequency band (160Hz). The %OP2 is the largest among the five individual OPs. %OPs obtained with different wavelet functions differ from each other. Db2 and sym2 seem to be the optimal wavelets for analyzing light-adapted ERG components.Conclusion: Individual OPs of the light-adapted ERG obtained with the DWT analysis may characterize different levels of retinal dysfunction. The %OPi may serve as an indicator in ERG analysis.
Harnessing the Potential of Feather Keratin: Valorization of a Wasted Biomass
Authors: Wambui Kihonge Ashley 
Published: July 2024

Dependence on the finite resource, fossil fuel, to obtain petroleum-based materials has

caused adverse environmental decline both in the acquisition and disposal of the materials. To remedy this, a sustainable raw material stream is needed that is both eco-friendly and biodegradable. Feathers, a byproduct of poultry processing, emerge as a sustainable and renewable resource. Feathers have high keratin content and are biocompatible, non-toxic, and biodegradable. The current uses of the feathers are limited leading to a majority of the feathers being disposed of in an environmentally detrimental manner. To obtain the keratin, numerous extraction techniques are employed and consequentially the extracted keratin can be utilized in the creation of valorized products. This paper aims to review various keratin extraction techniques and provide a brief overview of current applications of extracted feather keratin.
Unraveling the influence of TTF-1 expression on immunotherapy outcomes in PD-L1-high non-squamous NSCLC: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Nishioka Naoya , Kawachi Hayato , Yamada Tadaaki , Tamiya Motohiro , Negi Yoshiki , Goto Yasuhiro , Nakao Akira , Shiotsu Shinsuke , Tanimura Keiko , Takeda Takayuki , Okada Asuka , Harada Taishi , Date Koji , Chihara Yusuke , Hasegawa Isao , Tamiya Nobuyo , Masui Taiki , Sai Natsuki , Ishida Masaki , Katayama Yuki , Morimoto Kenji , Iwasaku Masahiro , Tokuda Shinsaku , Kijima Takashi , Takayama Koichi 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionSeveral studies explored the association between thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) and the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy. However, the effect of TTF-1 on the therapeutic efficacy of programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor/chemoimmunotherapy in patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (non-Sq NSCLC) with a programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor proportion score of 50% or more who are highly susceptible to immunotherapy remains unresolved. Therefore, we evaluated whether TTF-1 has a clinical impact on this population.MethodsPatients with non-Sq NSCLC and high PD-L1 expression who received PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy between May 2017 and December 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. Treatment efficacy was compared after adjusting for baseline differences using propensity score matching.ResultsAmong the 446 patients with NSCLC with high PD-L1 expression, 266 patients with non-Sq NSCLC were analyzed. No significant differences in therapeutic efficacy were observed between the TTF-1-positive and -negative groups in the overall and propensity score-matched populations. Of chemoimmunotherapy, pemetrexed containing regimen significantly prolonged progression-free survival compared to chemoimmunotherapy without pemetrexed, regardless of TTF-1 expression (TTF1 positive; HR: 0.46 (95% Confidence interval: 0.26-0.81), p&lt;0.01, TTF-1 negative; HR: 0.29 (95% Confidence interval: 0.09-0.93), p=0.02).DiscussionTTF-1 expression did not affect the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy in patients with non-Sq NSCLC with high PD-L1 expression. In this population, pemetrexed-containing chemoimmunotherapy demonstrated superior anti-tumor efficacy, irrespective of TTF-1 expression.
Causal links between serum micronutrients and epilepsy: a Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Chen Haohao , Zheng Zequn , Cai Xiaorui , Gao Fenfei 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundMicronutrient levels play a critical role in epilepsy. This study investigates the impact of micronutrient levels on epilepsy via Mendelian randomization (MR).MethodsA two-sample MR framework evaluated the genetic association between 15 serum micronutrients and epilepsy phenotypes. The analysis included calcium, iron, zinc, selenium, copper, magnesium, potassium, folate, vitamins B6, B12, C, D, E, retinol, and carotene against all epilepsy, generalized epilepsy, childhood absence epilepsy (CAE), juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE), juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), generalized tonic–clonic seizures alone and with spike–wave electroencephalography (GTCS), and various focal epilepsy phenotypes [with hippocampal sclerosis (HS), lesions other than HS, lesion-negative]. The random-effects inverse-variance weighted (IVW) model was the primary method used, supported by heterogeneity and pleiotropy assessments. Multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses (MVMR) were used to identify micronutrients that are significantly causally associated with different epilepsy subtypes and to confirm the most potential causal risk factors for these subtypes.ResultsZinc conferred an increased risk of focal epilepsy with HS (OR = 1.01; p = 0.045). Carotene was similarly linked to higher risks of lesion-negative cases (OR = 1.129; p = 0.037). Conversely, vitamin B6 was associated with reduced risks of focal epilepsy with HS (OR = 0.949; p = 0.020), and vitamin D was linked to decreased risks of both CAE (OR = 0.976, 95% CI: 0.959–0.993, p = 0.006) and JAE (OR = 0.986, 95% CI: 0.973–0.999, p = 0.032). These associations were robust, showing minimal heterogeneity and no evidence of pleiotropy across various sensitivity analyses. After adjustment using MVMR, significant causal relationships between vitamin D and both CAE and JAE remained. Furthermore, the causal relationship between zinc and vitamin B6 on focal epilepsy with HS became non-significant, while carotene shifted from a risk factor to a protective factor for focal epilepsy lesion-negative after adjusting for vitamin D.ConclusionMR estimates provide robust evidence for the causal effects of vitamin D on reducing the risk of CAE, and JAE, which might provide alternative treatment strategies.
Characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates obtained from the middle ear fluid of US children, 2011–2021
Authors: Grant Lindsay R. , Apodaca Kevin , Deshpande Lalitagauri , Kimbrough John H. , Hayford Kyla , Yan Qi , Mendes Rodrigo , Cané Alejandro , Gessner Bradford D. , Arguedas Adriano 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionPneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), including higher valency vaccines such as PCV20, have the potential to reduce pediatric otitis media. We assessed serotype distribution, potential PCV coverage, and antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates cultured from middle ear fluid (MEF) of US children age ≤5 years.MethodsS. pneumoniae isolates identified from US hospitals participating in the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance program from 2011 to 2021 were included. Serotypes were determined by in silico analysis based on Pneumococcal Capsular Typing methodology. The percentage of isolates belonging to serotypes included in PCV13 (serotypes 1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F, 23F), PCV15 (PCV13 plus 22F, 33F), and PCV20 (PCV13 plus, 8, 10A, 11A, 12F, 15B, 22F and 33F) was calculated. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution and interpreted using CLSI criteria. Nonsusceptibility was defined as isolates that were intermediate or resistant to a selected antimicrobial.ResultsAmong the 199 S. pneumoniae isolates that were identified, 56.8% were from children age &lt;2 years. Six serotypes accounted for around 60% of isolates: 35B (16.6%), 15B (14.6%), 15A (7.5%), 19A (7.5%), 19F (7.5%), and 3 (7.0%). Serotypes included in PCV13, PCV15, and PCV20 accounted for 23.1%, 30.2%, and 54.8% of isolates, respectively. Overall, 45.2% of isolates were penicillin non-susceptible, and 13.6% were MDR, of which 48% were serotype 19A. Seven serotypes (19A, 15A, 15B, 15C, 23A, 33F, and 35B) accounted for the majority of non-susceptible isolates.DiscussionPCVs, particularly PCV20, may prevent a substantial fraction of S. pneumoniae otitis media (OM), including OM due to non-susceptible serotypes. The addition of serotypes 15A, 23A, and 35B would improve coverage against susceptible and non-susceptible pneumococcal OM.
Detection of muscular system adverse reaction signals in sacubitril/valsartan treatment combined with statins
Authors: Zhao Fukun , Luo Min , Wang Yuanmin , Su Mu , Tang Fei 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTo detect muscular system adverse reaction signals of sacubitril/valsartan treatment combined with statins (atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, simvastatin) to provide a reference for clinical administration.MethodsMultiplicative and additive models were used to mine the FDA’s spontaneous reports database to detect signals of drug-drug interactions between sacubitril/valsartan and statins. SAS 9.4 software was used to conduct statistical tests for suspicious signals to determine whether the signals were statistically significant.ResultsA total of 8,883,870 adverse reaction reports were analyzed. The combinations “sacubitril/valsartan - simvastatin - musculoskeletal muscle pain” had statistically significant correlation signals in both models (P &lt; 0.05). The combination “sacubitril/valsartan - atorvastatin - myopathy” and “sacubitril/valsartan–simvastatin - myopathy” had statistically significant correlation signal in the multiplicative model (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionCompared with a single drug, coadministration of sacubitril/valsartan with atorvastatin may increase safety risks to myopathy, with simvastatin may increase safety risks to the musculoskeletal pain and myopathy, which should be closely monitored in clinical practice.
The psychological impact of diagnosis of sinonasal, nasopharyngeal, and laryngeal cancers: a systematic review
Authors: Bonafede Michela , d'Errico Angelo , Rugarli Sabrina , Mensi Carolina , Miligi Lucia , Calisti Roberto , della Gatta Rosa , Piro Sara , Melis Paola , Vasselli Donatella , Binazzi Alessandra 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveHigh risk of degraded quality of life and psychological distress is observed in patients diagnosed with sinonasal, nasopharyngeal, and laryngeal cancers, which could be caused by exposure to carcinogens in workplaces. This review aimed to investigate the psychological impact of diagnosis associated with the possible occupational etiology of such neoplasms and to explore the instruments that evaluate the quality of life (QoL), anxiety, and depression in these patients.MethodsStudies were considered for the review only if they described aspects of the psychological impact of the diagnosis of sinonasal, nasopharyngeal, and laryngeal cancers and reported results distinguished by the tumor site. The psychological impact was assessed in terms of health-related QoL, anxiety, and depression using reliable psychometric questionnaires administered at the time of diagnosis and 1 year later.ResultsIn more than 5,900 records identified, 442 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria and 436 were excluded after full-text screening, resulting in six studies to be finally included in the review. The EORTC Core Quality of Life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), EORTC QLQ-H&amp;N35, and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) were used to evaluate the QoL, whereas the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) questionnaires were employed to assess anxiety and depression. QoL scores were similar to those of the general population at the time of diagnosis and remained unchanged or slightly improved at 1 year since diagnosis. In contrast, a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression was observed compared with the general population, although the results were inconsistent across the very few studies identified. No study investigating the association between the potential occupational etiology and QoL or distress was found.ConclusionExploring the existing scientific literature on emotional distress in sinonasal, nasopharyngeal, and laryngeal cancer patients was prompted by concerns over the disfiguring nature of treatment and the additional emotional burden resulting from their occupational etiology. Unfortunately, neither a crucial element nor other risk factors (lifestyle, smoking, drinking, etc.) were examined in any study. Patients' employment history should be considered in order to assess the possible impact of believing they are affected by an occupational exposure disease in the evaluation of their psychological distress. This history would support evidence-based recommendations about dedicated psychological interventions.
Increasing psychological flexibility is associated with positive therapy outcomes following a transdiagnostic ACT treatment
Authors: Rutschmann Ronja , Romanczuk-Seiferth Nina , Gloster Andrew , Richter Christoph 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesIncreasing psychological flexibility is considered an important mechanism of change in psychotherapy across diagnoses. In particular, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) primarily aims at increasing psychological flexibility in order to live a more fulfilling and meaningful life. The purpose of this study is to examine 1) how psychological flexibility changes during an ACT-based treatment in a transdiagnostic day hospital and 2) how this change is related to changes in symptomatology, quality of life, and general level of functioning.Methods90 patients of a psychiatric day hospital participated in the study. Psychological flexibility, symptomatology, and quality of life were assessed at three measurement time points (admission, discharge, and 3-month follow-up). The level of functioning was assessed at admission and discharge. Differences in psychological flexibility were tested via two-sided paired samples t-tests. Correlations of residualized change scores were calculated to detect associations between changes in psychological flexibility and other outcomes.ResultsPsychological flexibility increased significantly from pre-treatment to post-treatment (d = .43, p &lt;.001) and from pre-treatment to follow-up (d = .54, p &lt;.001). This change was significantly correlated to a decrease in symptomatology (r = .60 –.83, p &lt;.001) and an increase in most dimensions of quality of life (r = -.43 – -.75, p &lt;.001) and general level of functioning (r =-.34, p = .003).DiscussionThis study adds further evidence for psychological flexibility as a transdiagnostic process variable of successful psychotherapy. Limitations are discussed.
Digital agricultural technology services and farmers’ willingness to choose digital production technology in Sichuan province, China
Authors: Gong Wei , Ma Ruiyao , Zhang Haixia 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionDigital agricultural technology service has the characteristics of high efficiency, convenience and flexibility, and plays an important role in the process of Chinese agricultural digitalization, which is of great significance for realizing the modernization and intelligent development of agricultural production.MethodsBased on micro-survey data of small-scale farmers in Sichuan Province, this study utilizes the OLS method and the mediation effect model to investigate the impact of digital agricultural technology services on farmers’ willingness to adopt digital production technologies and its underlying mechanisms.ResultsThe results indicate that digital agricultural technology services effectively enhance farmers’ willingness to adopt digital production technologies, especially among those engaged in cooperative. Further analysis of mechanisms suggests that digital agricultural technology services influence farmers’ choices of household production and management methods by expanding their information channels, enhancing their cognition of digital production technologies, and facilitating access to technology. Moreover, heterogeneous analysis reveals significant differences in the willingness of farmers with varying levels of digital literacy to adopt digital production technologies. Digital agricultural technology services have a more pronounced impact on the willingness of highly digitally literate farmers.DiscussionThe findings of this paper deepen our comprehension of the operational mechanisms of digital agricultural technology services in the context of agricultural development, and advocate for policy recommendations such as enhancing the supply of digital agricultural technology services, strengthening the role of new agricultural entities, improving farmers’ digital literacy training, and enhancing policy support systems.
Assessment of bacterial and parasitic contamination of fruits gathered from specific local markets in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Demisie Kelelaw Nigusie , Melese Daniel Molla 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundAround the world, food-borne illnesses are still a frequent and significant hazard to public health. Human infection outbreaks brought on by eating raw fruits have happened more frequently. Fruits have been connected in recent years to a number of outbreaks of food-borne illness around the globe, including in Ethiopia.ObjectiveTo assess bacterial and parasitic contamination of fruits gathered from specific local markets in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out using fruits gathered from Addis Ababa local marketplaces. Convenient sampling were applied. With the assumption that each vendor provided 30 samples, a total of 120 fruit samples were gathered. Fruit samples were gathered in a plastic bag that had been sanitized and then brought to the lab for bacterial and parasitological investigation. All of the samples were checked for intestinal parasites and bacterial contamination. SPSS software version 25 was used to analyze the data. The Pearson's Chi-square test was used to assess categorical variables. The student's t-test was utilized to compare continuous variables, which were represented as the mean ± standard deviation. Using both univariate and multivariate analysis, odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed. Statistical significance was defined as a P &lt; 0.05.ResultsThere was a 100 (83.3%) level of bacterial contamination. While Salmonella and Shigella species were not recovered, S. aureus isolates 16 (13.3%) were the most common bacterial contamination, followed by E. coli isolates 8 (6.7%). The samples of bananas, mangos, papayas, and avocados from all four sites had total coliform (TCC) bacteria ranging from 2.1 × 103 to 3.2 × 104, 8.3x 102 to 1.8x 105CFU/g, 1.6x 102 to 3.7 x 104, and 1.2x 102 to 3.8 x 104 CFU/g, in that order. No parasites were found in this investigation.Conclusion and recommendationIt is usually recommended that customers in this research region wash and handle infected fruits properly to prevent bacterial illnesses. In addition, fruit dealers should have their bacterial contaminations routinely inspected. Large-scale research is advised to support this discovery.