bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Study on the Application of Ultrasound-guided Quadratus Lumborum Block Combined with Ilioinguinal/Iliohypogastric Nerve Block in Inguinal Surgery in the Elderly
Authors: Zhang Jian , Sun Guohai , Zhang Lei , Zhang Lihui 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
This study aimed to investigate the effects of combining an ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block with an ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block during inguinal surgery in older patients.

Methods:
Between December 2020 and June 2023, 300 elderly patients who underwent inguinal surgery at our institution were randomly divided into an observation group (n = 150) and a control group (n = 150). The observation group received ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block in addition to ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block, whereas the control group received only ultrasound-guided ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block. The postoperative conditions and anesthesia dose (propofol and remifentanil) during surgery were recorded. The average arterial pressure and heart rate of the two groups were compared 10 min before anesthesia, 10 min after anesthesia, and postoperatively. Pain intensity was measured during and 30 min after the procedure using the pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), aldosterone (ALD), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were evaluated before surgery and 1 day later, and the incidence of postoperative complications was noted and compared between the two groups.

Results:
The propofol and remifentanil dosages in the observation group were much lower than those in the control group, and hospital stay and recovery times were significantly shorter (P < 0.05). Ten minutes before anesthesia, there was no significant difference in the mean arterial pressure and heart rate between the two groups, and no difference at any other time point in the observation group (P > 0.05). Ten minutes after anesthesia and postoperatively, the average arterial pressure and heart rate of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, whereas those of the control group were higher than those observed preanesthesia (P < 0.05). The postoperative MDA and ALD levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and the postoperative TAC level in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The VAS scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group. No discernible difference in the frequency of complications was observed between the two groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
The combination of ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block with ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block can significantly minimize the amount of anesthesia used during surgery, exert a good analgesic effect, shorten hospitalization time, stabilize hemodynamics, and reduce stress response with high safety.
Anxiolytic effects of stem of Rubia cordifolia ethanol extract on anxiety models in Wistar albino rats
Authors: Yasar S Ahamed Shaheen , Kotekar Sridevi , Bhat Nagapati Prabhakar , Nayak Roopa P. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Anxiety is an emotional condition characterized by unease, discomfort, and worry or fear about certain known or unknown potential hazards in the future. Plants have served as a useful resource for the discovery of novel medications for therapeutic purposes. Since ancient times, Rubia cordifolia (manjistha) has been valued for its therapeutic qualities.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to assess in Wistar albino rats the anxiolytic potential of an ethanolic extract derived from the stem of R. cordifolia.

Subjects and Methods:
The models elevated plus maze (EPM) and light & dark arena (LDA) were utilized to assess the anxiolytic activity. There were four groups each containing six animals: distilled water (10 mg/kg po), diazepam (2 mg/kg po), extract test dose 1 (100 mg/kg po) and extract test dose 2 (200 mg/kg po).

Results:
The one-way ANOVA and Tukey–Kramer multiple comparison tests were used to assess the standard error mean results. The statistical program used for data analysis was GraphPad Prism 6.0. Rats treated with the extract dose of 200 mg/kg showed significant results with more time spent in the EPM open arms (50.5 ± 3.2) and higher entries into the light arena (24.8 ± 0.5) in comparison to the control group. The anxiolytic effect observed in this study was closely comparable to the standard anxiolytic drug, diazepam 2 mg/kg (EPM: 49.7 ± 1.7 and LDA: 25.6 ± 0.4).

Conclusion:
The above study results suggest that the stem of R. cordifolia ethanol extract of dose 200 mg/kg possesses promising anxiolytic properties in Wistar albino rats. The aforementioned results of this study on antianxiety medications need to be confirmed by further clinical trials.
A surge in fulminant idiopathic intracranial hypertension cases within 1 year from the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic lockdown: A case series
Authors: Aldhahwani Bashaer , Gupta Arnav , Badeeb Nooran , Jordan David , Albreiki Danah 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

PURPOSE:
A surge in the number of cases of fulminant idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) was observed within 1 year of the lockdown due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in March 2020. This study aims to describe the characteristics, outline of management, and final visual outcome for six cases diagnosed with fulminant IIH.

METHODS:
We reviewed the medical records of six adult patients diagnosed with fulminant IIH, between May and November 2021, based on their presentation at the University of Ottawa, Eye Institute.

RESULTS:
All six patients were diagnosed with fulminant IIH (five females and one male). Five out of six patients were obese and one patient was overweight. Medical treatment included the administration of acetazolamide (2–4 g/day) to all patients and intravenous methylprednisolone in four patients. Surgical treatment (optic nerve sheath fenestration) was performed for all patients. Visual function improved for three out of the six patients, two patients remained stable, and one patient got worse.

CONCLUSION:
There has been a recent surge in the number of cases of fulminant IIH in the COVID-19 lockdown period. The negative impact of COVID-19 on health led to an increase in weight, which is thought to have played a role in this recent increase in fulminant IIH cases. Urgent surgery, coupled with acetazolamide administration, is recommended for such patients. Patient compliance and close follow-up are recommended for early detection of relapse.
Two approximation results for divergence free measures
Authors: Goodman Jesse , Hernandez Felipe , Spector Daniel 
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we prove two approximation results for divergence free measures. The first is a form of an assertion of J. Bourgain and H. Brezis concerning the approximation of solenoidal charges in the strict topology: Given

F \in M_{b}(\mathbb{R}^{d};\mathbb{R}^{d})

such that

\operatorname*{div}F=0

in the sense of distributions, there exist oriented

C^{1}

loops

\Gamma_{i,l}

with associated measures

\mu_{\Gamma_{i,l}}

such that

\begin{align*}F= \lim_{l \to \infty}\frac{\|F\|_{M_b(\mathbb{R}^d;\mathbb{R}^d)}}{n_{l} \cdot l}\sum_{i=1}^{n_l}\mu_{\Gamma_{i,l}}\end{align*}

weakly-star in the sense of measures and

\begin{align*}\lim_{l \to \infty}\frac{1}{n_{l} \cdot l}\sum_{i=1}^{n_l}\|\mu_{\Gamma_{i,l}}\|_{M_b(\mathbb{R}^d;\mathbb{R}^d)}= 1.\end{align*}

The second, which is an almost immediate consequence of the first, is that smooth compactly supported functions are dense in

\{ F \in M_{b}(\mathbb{R}^{d};\mathbb{R}^{d}): \operatorname*{div}F=0 \}

with respect to the strict topology.
Impact of Rice Husk Ash Based-Geopolymer on Some Geotechnical Properties of Selected Residual Tropical Soils
Authors: Ayodele A.L. , Ajibola I.K. , Fajobi A.B. 
Published: July 2024

There is usually a need to enhance the properties of soils with poor geotechnical properties encountered during construction. The utilisation of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) - based geopolymer for improving some properties of two selected tropical soils was investigated. The Atterberg’s limits (Liquid limit, LL and plastic limit, PL), compaction properties (maximum dry density, MDD and optimum moisture content, OMC), California bearing ratio (CBR) and unconfined compression strength (UCS) of the un-stabilized and stabilized soils were estimated. The soil samples were stabilized with alkali activated RHA varying from 3 to 15% (in 3% increment). Alkaline activation was achieved by using a mixture of NaOH(aq) and Na2SiO3(aq) in ratio 1:2. Mineralogy and elemental analysis of the un-stabilized soils, RHA and stabilized soils were obtained using X-Ray diffraction, X-Ray Fluorescence, EDS and SEM. The LL and PI of the stabilized soils decreased with as much as 30 and 40%, respectively, while the CBR and UCS increased as much as 300% and 1500%, respectively. SEM and EDS analysis of the treated soil showed the formation of crystalline hydration products. It is concluded that RHA based geopolymer is a potential environmentally sustainable stabiliser in tropical climatic condition.
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kemampuan Mengenal Huruf pada Anak Usia Dini di RA AL Wardah Kabupaten Pati
Authors: Fathonah Siti , Kusbiantari Dyah , Wirahno Dewi Nugrahastuti , Marfu’ah Sri , Sahrul Sahrul 
Published: July 2024

Prosedur pengembangan dalam ini meningkatkan kemampuan mengenal huruf anak usia dini, lokasi penelitian di Kabupaten Pati tahun 2024 dengan jumlah subjek penelitan sebanyak 43 orang anak. Metedo pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, angket atau kuesioner, dokumentasi. Instrumen data pernyataan yang dibahas pada penelitian ini adalah yang berhubungan dengan konsep diri. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengembangan instrumen penilaian kemampuan mengenal hurf dan mengetahui validitas dan reliabilitas setelah diuji. Berdasarkan uji validitas dan reliabilitas pada tabel 2 Item Reliability dapat dilihat pada Item-rest Correlation bahwa dari butir 1 sampai butir 10 memiliki nilai sudah lebih dari 0,3 maka instrumen tersebut dapat dikatakan valid. Pada uji Scale Reliability Statistics tabel 1 dapat dilihat pada Cronbach's α memiliki nilai 0,856 > 0,6 artinya instrumen tersebut reliabel. hasil analisis data pada tabel Pearson Correlation bahwa dari butir 1 sampai butir 10 masih menempati pada kotak warna hijau dan tidak ada satupun butir yang berada pada kotak warna merah, hal ini menandakan bahwa instrumen penilaian kemampuan mengenal huruf masih berada pada kategori koefisien yang tinggi sehingga dapat dinyatakan valid dan reliabel.
Analisis Kebutuhan LKPD Berbasis Etnomatematika untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik
Authors: Destareiza Fitriasih Eka , . Nuryadi , . Supriyanti 
Published: July 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji kebutuhan LKPD (Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik) berbasis Etnomatematika untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar matematika. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kelas VII disalah satu SMP Negeri di Yogyakarta. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, penyebaran angket, dan hasil ulangan yang menggunakan indikator motivasi belajar. Penelitian ini memiliki beberapa hasil. Pertama, 63% siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami materi matematika. Kedua, 87% siswa tidak memiliki motivasi untuk belajar matematika. Ketiga, 73% siswa mengatakan bahkan media pembelajaran yang memudahkan belajar matematika adalah LKPD, 20% memilih buku sebagai media pembelajaran yang memudahkan belajar matematika dan 7% siswa memilih media pembelajaran lainnya. Serta diperoleh hasil 70% siswa tertarik jika bahan ajar bangun ruang dikemas dalam bentuk LKPD berbasis Etnomatematika untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar. Selain itu, hasil ulangan menunjukan bahwa masih terdapat 87% siswa memperoleh nilai di bawah Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM). Oleh karena itu pengembangan LKPD berbasis Etnomatematika dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar.
Implementasi Fungsi Komunikasi Pemerintah Desa dalam Memahamkan Kesadaran Hukum pada Warga Desa Lebak Sari, Desa Sukamaju, dan Desa Sukaraja di Kabupaten Sukabumi Tahun 2021
Authors: Sriwartini Yayu 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui implementasi komunikasi aparatur pemerintah Desa Lebaksari Kecamatan Parakansalak, Desa Sukaraja Kecamatan Sukaraja dan Desa Sukamaju Kecamatan Sukalarang Kabupaten Sukabumi dalam memahamkan sadar hukum kepada warga. Fenomena ini menarik diteliti karena ketiga desa tersebut berhasil meraih prestasi Anubhawa Sasana, yaitu penghargaan pemerintah yang diberikan kepada suatu desa yang warganya telah memiliki kesadaran hukum tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah aparatur pemerintah Desa Lebaksari, Desa Sukaraja dan Desa Sukamaju. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan wawancara dengan kepala desa, dan perwakilan lembaga kemasyarakatan; penelusuran dokumentasi secara manual dan digital. Dalam mengolah dan menganalisa data, peneliti melakukan beberapa tahapan reduksi terhadap data yang diperoleh di lapangan, kategorisasi dan pengodean terhadap data yang dianggap sama. Lalu penyajian data dalam bentuk narasi dan menganalisanya. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan konsep komunikasi pemerintahan, fungsi komunikasi organisasi, teori sistem serta teori sistem sosial. Hasil penelitian di pemerintah Desa Sukaraja, Desa Sukamaju dan Desa Lebaksari menunjukkan bahwa: (1) komunikator dalam penyadaran hukum kepada warga dilakukan tidak hanya dilakukan oleh kepala dan perangkat desa saja tetapi juga melibatkan peran dari pengelola lembaga kemasyarakatan, tokok agama serta tokoh masyarakat setempat; (2) pesan dilakukan secara lisan dan tertulis baik formal maupun informal; (3) saluran-saluran yang digunakan adalah komunikasi antarpribadi, komunikasi kelompok (bimbingan teknis, lokakarya, seminar, diskusi), media luar ruang, media sosial; dan (4) kegiatan penyadaran hukum merepresentasikan fungsi informatif, regulatif, persuasif dan integratif.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE ALEITAMENTO MATERNO NO BRASIL: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: De Figueredo Paiva Eliesia , Cunha Pereira Ana Paula , Soares Aragão Júlio César 
Published: July 2024

Os desafios que as políticas públicas de Aleitamento Materno no Brasil enfrentam atualmente estão ligados a: equidade de gênero no trabalho, extensão das leis de licença maternidade e paternidade, desigualdade econômicas e sociais, falta de proteção a trabalhadora do mercado informal ou autônoma e compreensão que o processo do aleitamento materno vai além da visão técnica e biológica. A presente pesquisa objetivou analisar a literatura específica que versa sobre o assunto, trazendo considerações sobre a temática aqui desenvolvida. Pergunta norteadora da pesquisa: as políticas públicas de aleitamento materno no Brasil se mostram efetivas em termos de aplicabilidade? A metodologia empregada foi uma revisão integrativa tendo como critério de inclusão pesquisas realizadas no Brasil nos anos de 2012 a 2022, inseridas nas bases de dados da SciELO e BVS – Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Como resultados pudemos observar que políticas públicas no Brasil contribuem para o apoio e incentivo ao aleitamento materno, porém os dados obtidos sugerem a necessidade de revisitar o processo de implementação, certificação e avaliação destes programas com vistas de obter melhores índices tanto de aleitamento materno. Diante do exposto podemos concluir que as atuais políticas públicas nacionais de Aleitamento materno ainda não atendem plenamente as necessidades sociais e que existem amplas oportunidades de melhorias como por exemplo: maior número de pesquisas, publicações e políticas públicas que promovam uma maior adesão ao aleitamento materno, a qualificação dos profissionais da saúde de modo que possuam aporte teórico para ofertar as gestantes, mãe e familiares.
Prevalence of Cadmium and Lead Residues in Fried Meat (Suya) Sold in Kaduna Metropolis, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Saulawa, M. A.  , Jikamshi, M. A.  
Published: July 2024

Study’s Novelty/Excerpt

This study is novel as it provides the first comprehensive analysis of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) contamination in various types of suya meat in Kaduna, Nigeria, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry.
Unlike previous research, this study uniquely examines multiple animal sources and local government areas, offering a detailed comparison of contamination levels across species and regions.
Additionally, the findings highlight the widespread public health risk due to Cd and Pb levels exceeding international safety standards, emphasizing the urgent need for regulatory measures to mitigate environmental pollution and protect public health.

Full Abstract
Heavy metals are of public health concern worldwide due to their damaging effects on human and animal health. The study was aimed at analyzing the presence of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) residues in suya meats; cattle meat (beef), sheep meat (mutton), goat meat (chevon), fowl meat (chicken) and dog meat sold in the Kaduna metropolis, Kaduna State. A descriptive-quantitative research design was used, with fifty samples collected from four Local Government Areas (Chikun, Igabi, Kaduna North and Kaduna South). Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometery was used to analyze and quantify the presence of these heavy metals. Microsoft Excel (Version 2019) and one-way ANOVA are the statistical tools used for result analysis and Cd and Pb were found to be present in all the suya samples analyzed. The results showed statistical significance (p<0.05) between the overall mean concentration of Cd (0.049 mg/kg) and Pb (0.44 mg/kg) in the samples. Even though the mean concentration of Cd in suya samples varied with regards to which the animal originates viz: cattle (0.033 mg/kg), sheep (0.058 mg/kg), goat (0.048 mg/kg), dog (0.04 mg/kg) and chicken (0.078 mg/kg); likewise that of Pb: cattle (0.47 mg/kg), sheep (0.41 mg/kg), goat (0.41 mg/kg), dog (0.39 mg/kg) and chicken (0.51 mg/kg); the animal species from which the meat used in making the suya had no statistically significant influence on the heavy metal content of the meat (p˃0.05). The mean concentration of Cd and Pb obtained within the study areas, in mg/kg were: Chikun (0.046 and 0.43), Igabi (0.044 and 0.43), Kaduna North (0.054 mg/kg) and (0.49 mg/kg), Kaduna South (0.053 mg/kg) and (0.41 mg/kg) respectively. The mean concentration of cadmium and lead in the suya samples was above the permissible limits set by EC and FAO limits of 0.01ug/g lead and 0.003ug/g for cadmium (FAO, 1983), indicating the general contamination of suya meats by heavy metals. The study recommends public measures to minimize environmental pollution and bioaccumulation of Cd and Pb to prevent related ailments and mortality; enforcing regulations governing industrial activities and waste disposal to protect the public from heavy metals pollution.
Antibacterial Susceptibility Pattern of Bacteria Isolated from Ready-to-Eat Lettuce and Gurasa Sold within Kaduna State University (Main Campus), Kaduna State
Authors: Muhammad, J.  , Bako, G. D.  , Dogara, U. P.  , Musa, B.  , Jeremiah, J.  
Published: July 2024

Study’s Novelty/Excerpt

This study evaluates the antibacterial susceptibility of pathogens isolated from ready-to-eat lettuce and gurasa sold at Kaduna State University, identifying significant health risks associated with these popular foods.
The research reveals a high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp, Salmonella spp, and Klebsiella spp, with S. aureus and E. coli being the most common isolates.
The findings highlight the urgent need for improved food safety measures and antibiotic resistance management to mitigate potential public health threats.

Full Abstract
The consumption of ready-to-eat lettuce and gurasa has gained acceptance due to its appealing taste and nutritional value. However, these foods can serve as a vehicle for transmission of pathogens. This study was carried out to assess the antibacterial susceptibility pattern of pathogens isolated from lettuce and gurasa sold at Kaduna State University. Samples were collected from five vendors of gurasa and lettuce. Standard microbiological methods were carried out using a pour plate and a modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method to determine the antibacterial susceptibility pattern. The isolates obtained were examined for morphological and biochemical characteristics. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp, Salmonella spp, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella spp. were isolated and identified. Staphylococcus aureus was the most prevalent bacterium in this study, having 27.7% in lettuce and 38.4% in gurasa, and Escherichia coli, having 16.6% in lettuce and 30.7% in gurasa. There was no significant difference (P ˃ 0.05) in the total colony counts of bacteria among the samples. Lettuce had the least bacteria count (1.48 x 106 CFU/g), while gurasa had the highest (1.55 x 106 CFU/g). Antimicrobial sensitivity test results showed that 10 S. aureus isolates were resistant to Rocephin (100%), 7 E. coli isolates were resistant to Septrin, Amoxicillin, and Augmentin (100%), 6 Klebsiella spp isolates were resistant to Amoxicillin and Augmentin(100%), 5 Salmonella spp isolates were resistant to Septrin, Amoxicillin and Augmentin (100%) and 3 Bacillus spp were resistant to Rocephin (100%). The high bacterial resistance to antibiotics is of great concern as infections with these organisms could be lethal.
Determination of Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Strains from Kindirmo in Nasarawa Town, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Aliyu, Y.  , Adegba, J.  , Abdullahi, F. H.  , Abdulkarim, M. L.  , Muhammad, A. S.  , Ahmed, N. M.  
Published: July 2024

Study’s Novelty/Excerpt

This study examined the antibiotic resistance patterns of beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Kindirmo, a traditional fermented milk product, in Nasarawa town, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.
It identifies the prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing E. coli in Kindirmo, highlighting a 5.92% contamination rate and revealing complete resistance to six antibiotics among the isolates.
The study underscores the public health risks associated with consuming Kindirmo and calls for stringent hygiene measures during its production and sale to protect consumers.

Full Abstract
This study investigates the antibiotic resistance patterns of beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Kindirmo in Nasarawa town, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Over five months, 169 samples were collected from four sampling points. Escherichia coli was isolated using the streak-plating method and identified through biochemical tests. All isolates tested positive for beta-lactamase production. The agar-disc diffusion technique assessed the beta-lactamase-producing E. coli strains' susceptibility to 10 antibiotics. Out of 169 samples, 10 were contaminated with E. coli, resulting in a prevalence of 5.92%. The isolates showed complete resistance to six antibiotics, while 70% and 50% demonstrated susceptibility to ofloxacin, pefloxacin, and gentamicin, respectively. Six antibiotic-resistance phenotypes were identified among the E. coli isolates. The presence of beta-lactamase-producing E. coli in Kindirmo suggests that consuming the product in the area poses a risk to consumers. Authorities should enforce basic hygiene requirements during production and sales to safeguard public health.