bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trazodone counteracts the response of microglial cells to inflammatory stimuli
Authors: Chelucci Elisa , Daniele Simona , Vergassola Matteo , Ceccarelli Lorenzo , Zucchi Sara , Boltri Luigi , Martini Claudia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMicroglia are resident brain cells that regulate neuronal development and innate immunity. Microglia activation participates in the cellular response to neuroinflammation, thus representing a possible target for pharmacological strategies aimed to counteract the onset and progression of brain disorders, including depression. Antidepressant drugs have been reported to reduce neuroinflammation by acting also on glial cells. Herein, the potential anti‐inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of trazodone (TRZ) on the microglial human microglial clone 3 (HMC3) cell line were investigated. HMC3 cells were activated by a double inflammatory stimulus (lipopolysaccharide [LPS] and tumour necrosis factor‐alpha [TNF‐α], 24 h each), and the induction of inflammation was demonstrated by (i) the increased expression levels of nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐kB) and ionized calcium‐binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA‐1), and (ii) the increased release of interleukin 6 (IL‐6) and transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β). TRZ effects were evaluated by treating HMC3 cells for 24 h before (pre‐treatment) and after (post‐treatment) the double inflammatory stimulus. Notably, TRZ treatments significantly decreased the expression of NF‐kB and IBA‐1 and the release of the cytokines IL‐6 and TGF‐β. Moreover, TRZ prevented and reduced the release of quinolinic acid (QUIN), a known neurotoxic kynurenine metabolite. Finally, cellular supernatants collected from microglial cells pre‐treated LPS‐TNF‐α with TRZ were able to improve neuronal‐like cell viability, demonstrating a potential neuroprotective effect. Overall, this study suggests the anti‐inflammatory effects of TRZ on human microglia and strives for its neuroprotective properties.
Optimizing ketogenic diet therapy for childhood epilepsy: Identifying key factors for seizure control and psychomotor enhancement
Authors: Tong Xin , Wang Qian , Yang Jie , Zhou Jielan , Chen Xiaolu , Gan Jing , Cai Qianyun , Yu Tao , Luo Rong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo identify key factors influencing the therapeutic efficacy of the ketogenic diet (KD) for children with drug‐resistant epilepsy and elucidate their interconnected relationships to optimize clinical practice.MethodsParticipants were selected from children receiving KD treatment at West Second University Hospital of Sichuan University from September 2015 to October 2023. Clinical factors pre‐KD and post‐KD (at the third month) were analyzed systematically using an analytical framework. Descriptive analyses, univariate analyses, and multivariate regression analyses were performed for the entire cohort and subgroups of genetic and non‐genetic (i.e., structural and unknown) etiologies. Thereby, the most significant predictors were identified for each relevant dependent variable. Path analysis diagrams were used for visual representation.ResultsOf 156 patients, genetic etiology was prevalent (38.5%). In the genetic subgroup, channelopathies predicted lower baseline seizure frequency and increased chance of seizure freedom with KD. Frequent seizures and complex history of anti‐seizure medications (ASMs) predicted severe baseline psychomotor abnormalities. Younger age at KD initiation benefited psychomotor improvement. In the non‐genetic subgroup, lower baseline seizure frequency increased the likelihood of seizure freedom post‐KD. Concurrent use of multiple ASMs helped achieve ≥50% seizure reduction. Boys were more likely to experience psychomotor improvement. A significant correlation was found between ≥50% seizure reduction and psychomotor improvement in both subgroups. Delayed KD initiation (longer epilepsy duration at KD start) was related to a greater number of ASMs used, infrequent seizures, and older age at epilepsy onset. In addition, patients with channelopathies had delayed initiation of KD.SignificanceChildren with genetic epilepsy display more pronounced characteristics of epileptic encephalopathy. Early KD intervention is crucial for channelopathies, notably SCN1A variants. For other drug‐resistant epilepsy cases, KD alongside diverse ASMs may improve seizure control and developmental outcomes. However, the patient population benefiting most from early KD tends to start the treatment later, urging a re‐evaluation of KD decision‐making paradigms.
Phase field modeling for composite material failure
Authors: Yu Yuanfeng , Hou Chi , Zheng Xiaoya , Zhao Meiying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA computational framework of anisotropic phase field model is used to investigate the effects of effective critical energy release rate, interface property, and hole shape on the failure of composite material in this paper. This model is implemented in ABAQUS using a user‐defined element (UEL). First of all, the model is validated through a benchmark model. Second, the effective critical energy release rate is introduced, which can improve the accuracy of the simulation result. Then, the influence of strong and weak interfaces on the failure of composite material is studied. It can be found that the interface properties can change the evolution mode of crack and the final load–displacement response. Finally, the effect of hole shapes on the failure of the composite material is also explored, which shows that the bearing capacity of model can be improved by changing the shape of the hole.
Effect of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy in a patient with anxiety and burning mouth syndrome
Authors: Magne Hugues 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveTo propose an alternative treatment for burning mouth syndrome (BMS).BackgroundBMS is a serious condition that negatively affects the physical and emotional health of the elderly. Pharmacological interventions are not always appropriate in this population and may have significant side effects.Materials and MethodsWe present the case of an 86‐year‐old woman who has been suffering from BMS for 30 years and has been experiencing impaired quality of life, particularly sleep disturbances. Because standard pharmaceutical medications failed to alleviate the patient's pain, we proposed EMDR as an alternative therapeutic approach. Baseline measures included depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, daytime and nighttime pain and sleep quality. To anticipate anxious thoughts associated with pain, seven 45‐min EMDR sessions were conducted.ResultsTherapy resulted in reduced anxiety symptoms (−30%), improved pain control (−10% daytime, −60% nighttime) and improved sleep quality (+50%). This positive effect lasted for 4 months, and no serious negative effects were observed.ConclusionEMDR therapy may help older adults with BMS improve their pain and psychological management.
Glandular odontogenic cyst misdiagnosed and treated as a periapical inflammatory lesion for 6 years in an older adult
Authors: de Arruda José Alcides Almeida , Leite Vitor Augusto , de Oliveira Leandro Benetti , Louredo Brendo Vinicius Rodrigues , Penafort Paulo Victor Mendes , Alves Fábio Abreu , Vargas Pablo Agustin , Simonato Luciana Estevam , Tomo Saygo 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesTo document the case of a patient who underwent several endodontic treatments due to a glandular odontogenic cyst misdiagnosed as an inflammatory periapical lesion.BackgroundGlandular odontogenic cysts behave more aggressively, while others have an indolent course. There is limited information on this cyst in the gerodontologic literature.Materials and MethodsA 76‐year‐old male patient presented with an asymptomatic expansive lesion in the anterior mandible resistant to several endodontic treatments. Cone‐beam computed tomography revealed a multilocular osteolytic lesion measuring 6.0 × 4.0 cm, with cortical bone perforation.ResultsHistopathological analysis of a biopsy specimen was consistent with glandular odontogenic cyst. The patient underwent marginal mandibulectomy with preservation of the base of the mandible.ConclusionA strict diagnostic process is important to avoid unwanted consequences, particularly in the geriatric population.
Effects of 8‐h time‐restricted eating on energy intake, dietary composition and quality in adolescents with obesity
Authors: Bakhsh Jomanah A. , Vu My H. , Salvy Sarah Jeanne , Goran Michael I. , Vidmar Alaina P. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryBackgroundThe precise mechanisms underlying the health benefits of time‐restricted eating (TRE) are unclear, particularly in adolescents.ObjectivesThis secondary analysis examines the impact of 8‐h TRE on energy intake, dietary composition and quality in adolescents with obesity, using data from a 12‐week randomized, controlled pilot trial.MethodsParticipants (14–18 years with BMI >95th percentile) were assigned to either 8‐h TRE with real‐time or blinded continuous glucose monitoring or a control group with a 12+ h eating window. Dietary intake was analysed using the Nutrient Data System Recall 24‐h Dietary Recall and the Healthy Eating Index (HEI‐2020) for assessing diet quality.ResultsThe study included 44 participants (32 TRE, 12 control), predominantly female and Hispanic/Latino. The TRE group showed a significant reduction in mean energy intake (−441 kcal/day), carbohydrates (−65 g/day), added sugar (−19 g/day) and fat (−19 g/day), while the control group had a similar reduction in energy intake (−437 kcal/day) and carbohydrates (−63 g/day), but no significant changes in added sugar or fat. The percent energy intake from protein increased more in the TRE group compared to the control. The TRE group experienced a significant improvement in diet quality, with a 6.3‐point increase in HEI‐2020 score; however, between‐group comparisons were not statistically significant.ConclusionThere were no significant differences between the TRE and control groups in energy intake, dietary composition or quality. Future research with larger sample sizes is needed to further evaluate the potential impact of TRE on dietary behaviours.
One hundred cases of Rezum water vapor thermal therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia: Real‐world data at a single institution in Japan
Authors: Haga Kazunori , Akagashi Keigo , Tobe Musashi , Uchida Kosuke , Honma Ichiya , Hirobe Emi , Ishizaki Junji , Shimizu Takashi , Nakajima Hisao , Urahama Satoshi , Sato Yoshikazu 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveThe objective of our study was to assess the efficacy of Rezum, a minimally invasive surgical treatment, for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms related to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in real‐world clinical practice at a single institution in Japan.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a prospective study involving 100 patients who underwent the Rezum procedure between October 2022 and February 2024. We analyzed patient backgrounds that are compliant with Japanese regulations and assessed descriptive outcomes such as symptom scores, peak flow in uroflowmetry, post‐void residual (PVR) volume, and prostate volume (PVol). These data were collected at 1 and/or 3 months postoperatively.ResultsOn average, 4.7 water vapor injections were administered during the Rezum procedures, with a mean operative time of 6.3 min. Patients experienced significant relief in symptoms, with reductions of 55% in International Prostate Symptom Score, 53% in quality of life score, and 30% in Overactive Bladder Symptom Score. There was also a significant decrease in mean PVR volume (50% reduction) and PVol (27% reduction). Among the subgroup of 23 pre‐interventional catheter‐dependent patients, 91% achieved catheter independence.ConclusionOur single‐center analysis demonstrates that Rezum is an effective and safe minimally invasive therapeutic option for patients with BPH. This promising novel technique can be particularly beneficial for patients at an augmented risk of bleeding or those considered high risk for anesthesia.
The natural history of Gaucher disease type 1 in 31 patients over a median of 15 years: a retrospective study
Authors: Piran Siavash , Nimmo Graeme A. M. , Chaboureau Amélie , Mohankumar Rakesh , Kalia Lorraine V. , Amato Dominick 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThe natural history of untreated patients with type 1 Gaucher disease (GD1) is not well documented, and there is controversy over when and how to treat such patients, especially if they are only mildly symptomatic. Treatment of GD1 is inconvenient, very costly, and may result in undesirable side effects. We documented the clinical history of 31 untreated patients with GD1 followed in our clinic for 4–26 (median 15) years.MethodsThis was a retrospective, observational study of the progress of untreated adult patients with GD1 followed by blood tests (haemoglobin, platelet counts, ferritin and chitotriosidase), organ volumes (spleen and liver), bone manifestations (through magnetic resonance imaging and dual X‐ray absorptiometry scans) and neurological and quality of life issues. Statistical analyses were performed with the use of the Student paired t test and the modified Wald test for 95% confidence intervals.ResultsWe found that the above parameters remained stable in most patients over a period of 4–26 (median 15) years. Five patients progressed from normal bone density to osteopenia and two from osteopenia to osteofibrosis; six were peri‐ or post‐menopausal females. The DS‐3 was stable over time. Only four of the 31 patients were started on enzyme or substrate reduction therapy.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that many patients with GD1, provided with close follow‐up by a specialist centre, can be followed for many years without requiring treatment and with no or minimal worsening of their GD1 manifestations.
Microscopic marvels: Decoding the role of micropeptides in innate immunity
Authors: Naidu Praveena , Holford Mandë 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe innate immune response is under selection pressures from changing environments and pathogens. While sequence evolution can be studied by comparing rates of amino acid mutations within and between species, how a gene's birth and death contribute to the evolution of immunity is less known. Short open reading frames, once regarded as untranslated or transcriptional noise, can often produce micropeptides of <100 amino acids with a wide array of biological functions. Some micropeptide sequences are well conserved, whereas others have no evolutionary conservation, potentially representing new functional compounds that arise from species‐specific adaptations. To date, few reports have described the discovery of novel micropeptides of the innate immune system. The diversity of immune‐related micropeptides is a blind spot for gene and functional annotation. Immune‐related micropeptides represent a potential reservoir of untapped compounds for understanding and treating disease. This review consolidates what is currently known about the evolution and function of innate immune‐related micropeptides to facilitate their investigation.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Baloxavir and Oseltamivir in Outpatients With Influenza B
Authors: Takazono Takahiro , Ito Genta , Hosogaya Naoki , Iwanaga Naoki , Komeda Takuji , Kobayashi Masayuki , Kitanishi Yoshitake , Ogura Eriko , Mukae Hiroshi 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThis retrospective cohort study analyzed data from a Japanese health insurance database to assess the effectiveness of baloxavir (n = 4822) for preventing severe events compared with oseltamivir (n = 10,523) in patients with influenza B. The primary endpoint was hospitalization incidence (Days 2–14). The secondary endpoints included intravenous antibacterial drug use, pneumonia hospitalization, heart failure hospitalization, inhalational oxygen requirement, and use of other anti‐influenza drugs. The hospitalization incidence was significantly lower with baloxavir (0.15% vs. 0.37%; risk ratio: 2.48, 95% confidence interval: 1.13–5.43). Pneumonia and additional anti‐influenza therapy were also less frequent with baloxavir, thus supporting its use.Trial Registration: UMIN Clinical Trials Registry Study ID: UMIN000051382
Acute procedural safety of the latest radiofrequency ablation catheters in atrial fibrillation ablation: Data from a large prospective ablation registry
Authors: Arai Hirofumi , Miyazaki Shinsuke , Nitta Junichi , Inamura Yukihiro , Shirai Yasuhiro , Tanaka Yasuaki , Nagata Yasutoshi , Sekiguchi Yukio , Inaba Osamu , Sagawa Yuichiro , Mizukami Akira , Azegami Koji , Iwai Shinsuke , Hachiya Hitoshi , Ono Yuichi , Sasaki Takeshi , Takahashi Atsushi , Yamauchi Yasuteru , Okada Hiroyuki , Suzuki Atsushi , Suzuki Makoto , Handa Keita , Hirao Kenzo , Nishimura Takuro , Tao Susumu , Takigawa Masateru , Sasano Tetsuo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundSafety data of the latest radiofrequency (RF) technologies during atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation in real‐world clinical practice are limited.ObjectivesWe sought to evaluate the acute procedural safety of the four latest ablation catheters commonly used for AF ablation.MethodsA total of 3957 AF ablation procedures performed between January 2022 and December 2023 at 20 centers with either the THERMOCOOL SMARTTOUCH SF (STSF), TactiCath (TC), QDOT Micro (QDM), or TactiFlex (TF) were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsIn total, QDM, STSF, TF, and TC were used in 343 (8.7%), 1793 (45.3%), 1121 (28.4%), and 700(17.7%) procedures. Among 2406 index procedures, electrical pulmonary vein isolations were successfully achieved in 99.5%. Despite similar total procedure times in the four groups, the total fluoroscopic time was significantly shorter for QDM/STSF with CARTO than TF/TC with EnSite (18.7 ± 14 vs. 27.6 ± 20.6 min, p < .001) and longest in the TF group. The incidence of cardiac tamponade was 0.7% (0.5% and 0.9% during index and redo procedures, 0.8% and 0.3% for paroxysmal and non‐paroxysmal AF) and was significantly lower for QDM/STSF than TF/TC (0.2% vs. 1.1%, p = .008) and highest in the TF group. The incidence of cardiac tamponade was higher for TF than TC and STSF than QDM. In the multivariate analysis, TF/TC with EnSite was a significant independent predictor of cardiac tamponade during both the index (odds ratio [OR] = 4.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3–17.5, p = .02) and all procedures (OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.3–7.2, p = .01).ConclusionsThe incidence of cardiac tamponade and the fluoroscopic time during AF ablation significantly differed among the latest RF catheters and mapping systems in real‐world clinical practice.
Neuritin accelerates Schwann cell dedifferentiation via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway during Wallerian degeneration
Authors: Liu Jingmin , Guan Xin , Zheng Shuai , Shi Jiawei , Wang Xiaobo , Shen Zetao , Chen Zefu , Liao Congrui , Zhang Zhongmin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNeuritin, also known as candidate plasticity gene 15 (CPG15), was first identified as one of the activity‐dependent gene products in the brain. Previous studies have been reported that Neuritin induces neuritogenesis, neurite arborization, neurite outgrowth and synapse formation, which are involved in the development and functions of the central nervous system. However, the role of Neuritin in peripheral nerve injury is still unknown. Given the importance and necessity of Schwann cell dedifferentiation response to peripheral nerve injury, we aim to investigate the molecular mechanism of Neuritin steering Schwann cell dedifferentiation during Wallerian degeneration (WD) in injured peripheral nerve. Herein, using the explants of sciatic nerve, an ex vivo model of nerve degeneration, we provided evidences indicating that Neuritin vividly accelerates Schwann cell dedifferentiation. Moreover, we found that Neuritin promotes Schwann cell demyelination as well as axonal degeneration, phagocytosis, secretion capacity. In summary, we first described Neuritin acts as a positive regulator for Schwann cell dedifferentiation and WD after peripheral nerve injury.
Precision layering techniques: Integrating digital tools for accurate color matching and realistic try‐ins in anterior composite restorations
Authors: Manauta Jordi , Almeida Gabriela , Kovacs‐Vajna Zsolt M. , Vervack Valentin , Shaalan Osama , Devoto Walter , Faccoli Michela , Falacho Rui I. , Putignano Angelo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis article aims to demonstrate the clinical application of a comprehensive workflow that integrates digital tools for accurate color matching, and its immediate implementation in the restoration of anterior teeth.Clinical ConsiderationsTwo patients demonstrating dissatisfaction regarding a maxillary central incisor had an old restoration replaced resorting to a digital workflow to enhance the predictability of the new direct restoration. OptiShade allowed the precise assessment of tooth color and the CompoShade application provided precise color and material selection, as well as the determination of a layering strategy. Precision and accuracy of the colorimeter and the composite layering application were demonstrated clinically in vivo.ConclusionsImplementing a digital workflow with the integration of OptiShade measurements and the CompoShade layering recipe calculation, as well as the respective realistic try‐in, enables the achievement of precise color matching for anterior composite restorations.Clinical SignificanceThe employment of a digital colorimeter and layering recipes simplify shade matching, and optimizes composite resin clinical use and success. The implementation of a realistic try‐in, previous to the definitive restoration, allows the clinician to perform any adjustments if needed.
Myths surrounding vertical dimension of occlusion in restorative dentistry: A scoping review
Authors: Lassmann Łukasz , Calamita Marcelo A. , Manfredini Danielle 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis scoping review aims to clarify the concept of vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) in prosthetic dentistry, addressing prevalent myths, and controversies regarding its clinical management and impact on the stomatognathic system.MethodsThis paper critically examines common beliefs about VDO alteration and its effects on temporomandibular disorders (TMD) through an extensive literature review and an international survey. The survey included 862 general dentists and prosthodontists and explored their approaches to altering VDO and their perceptions of the clinical implications. The literature review provided a thorough analysis of existing research on VDO modification techniques, the adaptability of the stomatognathic system, and the relationship between VDO changes and TMD.ResultsThe survey revealed insights into dentists' perspectives on VDO, showing that while many practitioners test a new VDO due to concerns about patient adaptation, a significant majority observed that patients typically adjust well to a new VDO regardless of the technique used. The survey highlighted differing beliefs about the need for a gradual process and trial phase for VDO alteration, as well as the stability of modified VDO. Literature review suggests the stability and adaptability of VDO changes due to muscle adaptability and indicates no direct causal or curative link between VDO changes and TMD. Traditional methods for determining VDO in complete dentures may not be suitable for worn dentition, underscoring the need for tailored approaches.ConclusionThis paper suggests that the traditional belief in the need for a prolonged trial phase for VDO alterations may be reconsidered in light of evidence supporting the adaptability of the stomatognathic system. Moreover, it emphasizes the importance of distinguishing between methods suitable for complete dentures and those for managing cases of worn dentition. The purported link between VDO alterations and TMD is also found to lack scientific evidence, highlighting the need for individualized patient care based on current evidence and clinical judgment.