bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plant diversity shapes microbe‐rhizosphere effects on P mobilisation from organic matter in soil
Authors: Hacker Nina , Ebeling Anne , Gessler Arthur , Gleixner Gerd , González Macé Odette , de Kroon Hans , Lange Markus , Mommer Liesje , Eisenhauer Nico , Ravenek Janneke , Scheu Stefan , Weigelt Alexandra , Wagg Cameron , Wilcke Wolfgang , Oelmann Yvonne 
Published: September 2015

AbstractPlant species richness (PSR) increases nutrient uptake which depletes bioavailable nutrient pools in soil. No such relationship between plant uptake and availability in soil was found for phosphorus (P). We explored PSR effects on P mobilisation [phosphatase activity (PA)] in soil. PA increased with PSR. The positive PSR effect was not solely due to an increase in Corg concentrations because PSR remained significant if related to PA:Corg. An increase in PA per unit Corg increases the probability of the temporal and spatial match between substrate, enzyme and microorganism potentially serving as an adaption to competition. Carbon use efficiency of microorganisms (Cmic:Corg) increased with increasing PSR while enzyme exudation efficiency (PA:Cmic) remained constant. These findings suggest the need for efficient C rather than P cycling underlying the relationship between PSR and PA. Our results indicate that the coupling between C and P cycling in soil becomes tighter with increasing PSR.
Investigation on failure modes for pin joints made from unidirectional glass–epoxy nanoclay laminates
Authors: Singh M. , Saini J. S. , Bhunia H. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn the present work the effect of the nanoclay on the bearing strength and failure mode of the pin joints was investigated both experimentally and numerically. Geometric parameters, i.e. the distance from the free edge of specimen to the diameter of the first hole (E/D) ratio and width of the specimen to the diameter of the holes (W/D) ratio were investigated. The E/D and W/D ratios were varied from 1 to 5. Tsai–Wu failure criterion with characteristic curve method and progressive damage analysis was used for the prediction of failure modes. Results showed that bearing strength and failure mode were considerable affected by the wt% of nanoclay and the geometric parameters. A good agreement was obtained between experimental and numerical predictions.
D‐dimer levels in maintenance hemodialysis patients: High prevalence of positive values also in the group without predisposing diseases
Authors: Gubensek Jakob , Lolic Matea , Ponikvar Rafael , Buturovic‐Ponikvar Jadranka 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe aimed to estimate the prevalence of elevated D‐dimer levels in all chronic hemodialysis patients and those without additional disease, and to identify factors associated with increased D‐dimer. In 167 chronic hemodialysis patients from our center, D‐dimer was measured before dialysis. The effects of age, C‐reactive protein (CRP), recent acute illness, vascular access, anticoagulation type, dialysis vintage, and chronic diseases, considered to predispose for increased D‐dimer levels, were analyzed. The median D‐dimer in the whole group was 966 (inter‐quartile range [IQR] 524–1947) μg/L and was positive (>500 μg/L) in 75% of cases. D‐dimer was positive in 91% of patients with acute illness, 76% of those with predisposing chronic diseases, but was still positive in 52% of patients without additional disease (i.e., acute illness or predisposing chronic diseases) – median D‐dimer was 538.5 (IQR 359–966) μg/L. D‐dimer was correlated to patients' age, but not dialysis vintage. In univariate analysis, the D‐dimer levels were significantly higher in patients with atrial fibrillation, ischemic heart disease, recent acute illness, increased CRP, dialyzed over a catheter, and on citrate anticoagulation. Multivariate logistic regression showed that only age >65 years (odds ratio [OR] 2.93), catheter (OR 4.86), and positive CRP (OR 4.07) were independently associated with positive D‐dimer at 500 μg/L cut‐off, while the significance of age disappeared at 2000 μg/L cut‐off. To conclude, the high prevalence of positive D‐dimer values even in hemodialysis patients without additional disease limits the use of D‐dimer for exclusion of thromboembolic diseases in hemodialysis patients.
Molecular basis of alcoholic fatty liver disease: From incidence to treatment
Authors: Lívero Francislaine AR , Acco Alexandra 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAlcoholic liver diseases have complex and multiple pathogenic mechanisms but still no effective treatment. Steatosis or alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) has a widespread incidence and is the first step in the progression to more severe stages of alcoholic liver disease, with concomitant increases in morbidity and mortality rates. The ways in which this progression occurs and why some individuals are susceptible are still unanswered scientific questions. Research with animal models and clinical evidence have shown that it is a multifactorial disease that involves interactions between lipid metabolism, inflammation, the immune response and oxidative stress. Each of these pathways provides a better understanding of the pathogenesis of AFLD and contributes to the development of therapeutic strategies. This review emphasizes the importance of research on alcoholic steatosis based on incidence data, key pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic interventions, and discusses perspectives on the progression of this disease.
Skysurveys, Light Curves and Statistical Challenges
Authors: Babu G. Jogesh , Mahabal Ashish 
Published: September 2015

SummaryResearch in astronomy is undergoing a profound transformation from the study of small samples to the analysis of large‐scale digital surveys of the sky. Ever larger amounts of data and better statistical techniques are being used to address a vast range of astronomical problems, from near‐by asteroids to universe‐wide cosmology. There is a huge need for new methodology development to address petabyte‐sized datasets of images, atlases with millions of spectra, multivariate catalogues and time series with billions of objects. The focus of this article is on the analysis of light‐curves (i.e. the variation of source brightness as a function of time). A description of the importance of the problem and the techniques already being used is given. The field is ripe with many statistical and computational challenges.
MicroRNAs; easy and potent targets in optimizing therapeutic methods in reparative angiogenesis
Authors: Pourrajab Fatemeh , Vakili Zarch Abbas , Hekmatimoghaddam Seyedhossein , Zare‐Khormizi Mohamad Reza 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe age‐related senescence of adult tissues is associated with the decreased level of angiogenic capability and with the development of a degenerative disease such as atherosclerosis which thereafter result in the deteriorating function of multiple systems. Findings indicate that tissue senescence not only diminishes repair processes but also promotes atherogenesis, serving as a double‐edged sword in the development and prognosis of ischaemia‐associated diseases. Evidence evokes microRNAs (miRNAs) as molecular switchers that underlie cellular events in different tissues. Here, miRNAs would promote new potential targets for optimizing therapeutic methods in blood flow recovery to the ischaemic area. Effectively beginning an ischaemia therapy, a more characteristic of miRNAchanges in adult tissues is prerequisite and in the forefront. It may also be a preliminary phase in treatment strategies by stem cell‐based therapy.
In vitro expression of cytokeratin 18, 19 and tube formation of adipose‐derived stem cells induced by the breast epithelial cell line HBL‐100
Authors: Yang Jie , Xiong Lingyun , Wang Rongrong , Yuan Quan , Xia Yun , Sun Jiaming , Horch Raymund E. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractFat transplantation is increasingly used in breast augmentation; and recently, the issue of safety concerns from a cellular and molecular point of view has been raised. In this study, attentions were paid to the interaction between adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSC) and mammary epithelial cells: human breast cancer cell line ‐ 100 (HBL ‐ 100) cells were used to simulate the normal microenvironment in breast tissue, ADSCs were harvest from human and co‐cultured with HBL‐100 cells. It was found that ADSCs formed tube‐like structures in the co‐culture with HBL‐100 cells in contrast to the normal morphology of ADSCs in the control group. In addition, the immunofluorescence imaging showed that cytokeratin 18 and 19 (CK18 and 19) were significantly expressed in ADSCs after the co‐culture with HBL‐100 cells. The ultrastructure of those ADSCs also showed epithelial changes. In conclusion, ADSCs are not biological stable when co‐cultured with HBL‐100 cells. They differentiate into epithelial‐like cells with the expression of epithelial surface marks (CK 18, 19) and form tube‐like structures. This may offer an important evidence for the further study of clinical application of transplanting ADSCs rich adipose tissue into the breast in the future.
Brimonidine gel 0.33% rapidly improves patient‐reported outcomes by controlling facial erythema of rosacea: a randomized, double‐blind, vehicle‐controlled study
Authors: Layton A.M. , Schaller M. , Homey B. , Hofmann M.A. , Bewley A.P. , Lehmann P. , Nohlgård C. , Sarwer D.B. , Kerrouche N. , Ma Y.M. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundFacial redness contributes to impaired psychosocial functioning in rosacea patients and the only approved treatment for erythema is topical brimonidine gel 0.33%.ObjectivesTo evaluate patient‐reported outcomes, as well as efficacy and safety, in subjects with self‐perceived severe erythema treated with brimonidine gel 0.33% compared to vehicle.MethodsAn 8‐day multicenter, randomized study comparing once‐daily brimonidine gel 0.33% with vehicle gel using a facial redness questionnaire, subject satisfaction questionnaire and a patient diary of facial redness control to assess patient‐reported outcomes.ResultsOf the 92 included subjects with self‐perceived severe erythema, very few were satisfied with their appearance at baseline (4.2% brimonidine group, 0 vehicle group). On Day 8, significantly more brimonidine group subjects were satisfied with their facial appearance compared to vehicle group (36.9% vs. 21.5%; P < 0.05), with the overall treatment effect (69.6% vs. 40.4%; P < 0.01), and with the improvement in their facial redness (67.4% vs. 33.3%; P < 0.001). More brimonidine group subjects were able to control their facial redness daily (e.g. 83.0% vs. 38.9% on Day 1). On Day 8, significantly more brimonidine group subjects than vehicle group had at least a one‐grade improvement from baseline in the Clinician Erythema Assessment score (71.7% vs. 35.7%; P = 0.0011) and Patient Self‐Assessment score (76.1% vs. 47.6%; P = 0.004). More subjects in the brimonidine group (29.2%) reported treatment‐related adverse events than in the vehicle group (15.9%) but most were mild and transient.ConclusionsOnce‐daily brimonidine gel 0.33% allowed patients to rapidly control their facial redness and significantly improved patient‐reported outcomes in the treatment of persistent facial erythema of rosacea.
Benzodiazepine Prescribing in Older Adults in U.S. Ambulatory Clinics and Emergency Departments (2001–10)
Authors: Marra Erin M. , Mazer‐Amirshahi Maryann , Brooks Gillian , van den Anker John , May Larissa , Pines Jesse M. 
Published: September 2015

ObjectivesTo assess trends in benzodiazepine use from 2001 to 2010 in older adults in U.S. ambulatory clinics and emergency departments (EDs).DesignRetrospective analysis.Setting2001 to 2010 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS).ParticipantsIndividuals aged 65 and older for whom the reason for visit might prompt a physician to use a benzodiazepine (e.g., anxiety, detoxification, back sprain).MeasurementsThe NAMCS and NHAMCS were used to evaluate U.S. ambulatory clinic and ED visits. Encounters involving individuals aged 65 and older for whom a benzodiazepine might be prescribed were analyzed. Trends in benzodiazepine use in these visits were explored, and predictors of use were assessed using survey‐weighted chi‐square tests and logistic regression.ResultsFrom 2001 to 2010, benzodiazepines were used in 16.6 million of 133.3 million ambulatory clinic visits and 1.9 million of 18.1 million ED visits with the selected reasons for the visits. There was no change in benzodiazepine use in either setting over the study period, although benzodiazepine use for those aged 85 and older increased from 8.9% to 19.3% in ambulatory clinics and 10.1% to 17.2% in EDs. Individuals visiting clinics with anxiety were five times as likely to receive benzodiazepines (odds ratio (OR) = 4.8), and those in EDs were twice as likely (OR = 2.3).ConclusionDespite safety concerns, benzodiazepine use in older adults in U.S. ambulatory clinics and EDs did not change from 2001 to 2010. In the oldest individuals, who are at higher risk of adverse events, a greater increase was seen than in those aged 65 to 84. Additional measures may be needed to promote alternatives to benzodiazepines.
Work‐related factors, job satisfaction and intent to leave the current job among United States nurses
Authors: Han Kihye , Trinkoff Alison M , Gurses Ayse P 
Published: September 2015

Aims and objectivesTo examine the relationships of work‐related factors (e.g. autonomy, work schedule, supervisory and peer support) to nurses' job satisfaction and intent to leave their current position.BackgroundLow job satisfaction and high turnover of nurses are major problems for health care. To improve nurse retention, work‐related factors associated with job satisfaction and intent to leave should be investigated.DesignA cross‐sectional secondary data analysis.MethodsData were obtained in 2004 from Wave 3 of the Nurses' Worklife and Health Study. A random sample of 5000 actively licenced nurses in Illinois and North Carolina (two US states) were sent the survey in wave 1, of which 1641 actively working bedside nurses participated in wave 3. We examined associations of various work‐related factors with job satisfaction and intent to leave the current position.ResultsNurses who were dissatisfied with their job reported significantly higher psychological demands and lower autonomy than nurses who were satisfied. Nurses were significantly less satisfied with their jobs when they worked longer hours with inadequate breaks or sick days. Lack of support from peers and supervisors was also related to significantly lower odds of job satisfaction. For intention to leave, nurses who said they planned to leave their current job reported significantly lower autonomy and less support from their peers than nurses who intended to stay.ConclusionA variety of modifiable work‐related factors were significantly related to job satisfaction and intention to leave the current job among nurses. Future research should focus on developing interventions that could mitigate these factors (e.g. by improving work schedules, increasing autonomy and/or nurse support). The impact of such interventions on job satisfaction and intention to leave the current position could then be evaluated.Relevance to clinical practiceTo increase nurse retention, improved schedules, autonomy and supportive work environments should be promoted.
Six‐Year Survival of a Mini Dental Implant‐Retained Overdenture in a Child with Ectodermal Dysplasia
Authors: Kilic Serdar , Altintas Subutay Han , Yilmaz Altintas Nuray , Ozkaynak Ozkan , Bayram Mehmet , Kusgoz Adem , Taskesen Fatih 
Published: September 2015

AbstractPatients with ectodermal dysplasia (ED) experience several problems caused by abnormal development and functioning of the head and neck region. In addition to developmental nasal cartilage abnormalities and absence of sweat glands, hair, and eyebrows, edentulism or developmental disorders of teeth (cone‐shaped teeth) are commonly observed in these types of patients. ED is also characterized by underdeveloped alveolar ridges, a decreased occlusal vertical dimension, reduced salivary secretion, and dry oral mucosa, which make prosthetic rehabilitation difficult. Few studies of intraosseous dental implant‐retained prostheses have described adverse effects on craniofacial growth and esthetic and functional disadvantages, while some researchers have described the advantages of this treatment option as an alternative option in these cases. Due to the associated alveolar bone deficiency, dental mini‐implant therapy may be a treatment option for these patients; however, there are isolated cases in the literature regarding the rehabilitation of ED patients with mini‐implant‐supported overdentures. This clinical report describes the rehabilitation of a 6‐year‐old child with ED using a maxillary removable partial prosthesis and a mini‐implant‐retained mandibular overdenture. The clinical and radiographic findings of this prosthetic rehabilitation during the 6‐year follow‐up are also presented.
Strains Around Abutment Teeth with Different Attachments Used for Implant‐Assisted Distal Extension Partial Overdentures: An In Vitro Study
Authors: ELsyad Moustafa Abdou , Omran Abdelbaset Omar , Fouad Mohammed Mohammed 
Published: September 2015

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate and compare strain around abutment teeth with different attachments used for implant‐assisted distal extension partial overdentures (IADEPODs).Materials and MethodsA mandibular Kennedy class I acrylic model (remaining teeth from first premolar to first premolar) was constructed. A conventional partial denture was constructed over the model (control, group 1). Two laboratory implants were then placed bilaterally in the first molar areas parallel to each other and perpendicular to the residual ridge. Three additional experimental partial overdentures (PODs) were constructed and connected to the implants using ball (group 2), magnetic (group 3), and Locator (group 4) attachments. Three linear strain gauges were bonded buccal, lingual, and distal to the first premolar abutment tooth at the right (loading) and the left (nonloading) sides. For each group, a universal testing device was used to apply a unilateral vertical static load (50 N) on the first molar area, and the strain was recorded using a multichannel digital strainometer.ResultsSignificant differences between groups and between sites of strain gauges were detected. Strains recorded for all groups were compressive (negative) in nature. Group 1 demonstrated the highest strain, followed by group 3 and group 4; group 2 recorded the lowest strain. For group 2, the highest strain was recoded at the lingual nonloading side. For group 1, group 3, and group 4, the highest strain was recorded at the buccal loading side.ConclusionWithin the limitation of the present study, ball attachments used to retain IADEPODs to the implants were associated with lower strains around abutment teeth than Locator and magnetic attachments. The highest strain was recorded with conventional partial dentures.
PATIENTS EXPERIENCES OF INVOLVEMENT IN CHOICE OF DIALYSIS MODE
Authors: Erlang Anne S. , Nielsen Ida H. , Hansen Helle O.B. , Finderup Jeanette 
Published: September 2015

SUMMARYBackgroundInternational guidelines recommend that patients choose dialysis mode based on their own values and preferences; thus, involvement is needed in dialysis choice. A literature review indicated a lack of knowledge concerning patient involvement in decision‐making, especially concerning patients’ experiences of the decision‐making process just after making the decision and before starting dialysis.ObjectivesTo gather information about how patients experienced involvement in the decision‐making process of renal substation therapy just after they have made the decision and before starting dialysis.MethodsA qualitative method with a phenomenological and hermeneutic approach. The study was based on individual semi‐structured interviews with nine adult patients with chronic kidney disease. A data‐driven analysis based on systematic text condensation was used.FindingsPatients are a significant part of the decision. Health care professionals contribute to the experience of being involved. Patients keep putting off the final choice.ConclusionThe patients found themselves involved in the choice of dialysis mode and have different views on what is needed to feel being involved. Information, interaction, and advice from health care professionals affect this experience. However, the experience of not having any symptoms caused patients to put off the final choice of dialysis mode.
Evaluation of a school screening programme for young people from refugee backgrounds
Authors: Woodland Lisa , Kang Melissa , Elliot Christopher , Perry Astrid , Eagar Sandy , Zwi Karen 
Published: September 2015

AimTo describe the development of the Optimising Health and Learning Program, guided by the only available published framework for the delivery of health services to newly arrived refugee children and report on the evaluation of the programme.MethodsWe conducted process and impact evaluation using a mixed methods approach. The sample was 294 refugee young people enrolled in two Intensive English Centres in New South Wales. We collected quantitative data (demographic and clinical information) as well as qualitative data via focus groups, key informant interviews, surveys and programme documentation. Qualitative data were subjected to thematic analysis; programme documents underwent document review.ResultsThere were high levels of programme participation (90%), and the yield from routine health screening was high (80% of participants screened positive for two or more health conditions). All identified programme development strategies were implemented; programme partners and participants reported satisfaction with the programme. Sixteen programme partners were identified with a high level of intersectoral collaboration reported. Significant in‐kind contributions and seed funding enabled the uptake of the programme to increase from one to five Intensive English Centres over a 4‐year period.ConclusionProcess and impact evaluation identified that the programme was well implemented and met its stated objectives of increasing the detection of health conditions likely to impact on student health and learning; linkage of newly arrived students and their families with primary health care; and coordination of care across primary health and specialist services.