bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intelligent Identification and Quantitative Evaluation Method of Fluid Components from T2-T1 2D NMR Logging
Authors: Li Chenglin , Tan Maojin , Li Chaoliu , Wang Kewen , Liu Peng , Xiao Chengwen , Xiao Lizhi 
Published: August 2024

Summary
T2-T1 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) logging plays an important role in fluid identification and reservoir evaluation. When the signal/noise ratio (SNR) is low, the response of the fluid component overlaps on the NMR 2D spectrum, and the fluid characteristic map obtained in the laboratory could not be directly applied to 2D NMR logging data. In this work, we proposed a T2-T1 2D NMR fluid identification and quantitative evaluation method based on blind source separation (BSS) and hierarchical clustering. This method fixes the number of fluid components of BSS as eight and utilizes a hierarchical clustering method to further process the 2D spectra obtained from BSS, so that each spectrum contains only one fluid component response. Subsequently, the fluid types are determined according to the response characteristics, and the fluid volumes are quantitatively calculated. Based on the synthetic data of T2-T1 2D NMR logging, this method was used to calculate the volumes of the fluid components, and the accuracy of the method was verified by comparing with the model and other four methods. This method was applied to 2D NMR logging data from Well Z and Well G and verified by oil test results. The results show that the relative error between the fluid volumes calculated by the proposed method and the model is smaller than other methods. The data processing results of Well Z and Well G are consistent with those of the oil test. Both synthetic data and actual logging data show that this method can provide the accurate fluid identification and quantitative evaluation results of T2-T1 2D NMR logging data.
Validity of linear and nonlinear measures of gait variability to characterize aging gait with a single low back accelerometer
Authors: Piergiovanni Sophia , Terrier Philippe 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study investigates the validity of the attractor complexity index (ACI), a recently developed gait analysis tool based on nonlinear dynamics. The analysis assesses ACI's sensitivity to motor-cognitive interference and its potential for characterizing age-related changes in gait patterns. Furthermore, the study compares ACI with classical gait metrics to determine its efficacy relative to established methods.
Methods
A 4x200m indoor walking test with a triaxial accelerometer attached to the lower back was used to compare gait patterns of younger (N = 42) and older adults (N = 60) during normal and metronome walking. The other linear and non-linear gait metrics were movement intensity, gait regularity, local dynamic stability (maximal Lyapunov exponents), and scaling exponent (detrended fluctuation analysis).
Results
In contrast to other gait metrics, ACI demonstrated a specific sensitivity to metronome walking, with both young and old participants exhibiting altered stride interval correlations. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between the young and old groups (standardized effect size: -0.77). Additionally, older participants exhibited slower walking speeds, a reduced movement intensity, and a lower gait regularity. Inferential statistics using linear mixed-effects models confirmed the responsiveness of ACI to metronome walking and its efficacy in differentiating between the gait patterns of older and younger adults.
Conclusion
The ACI is likely a sensitive marker for cognitive load during walking and can effectively discriminate age-related changes in gait patterns. Its ease of measurement makes it a promising tool gait analysis in unsupervised (free-living) conditions. Future research will focus on the ACI’s clinical utility for fall risk assessment.
Presumed sarcoid choroiditis: referral pathways, demographic characteristics and disease phenotypes.
Authors: Trepatchayakorn Supawat , Artiaga Jose Carlo , Bernal-Morales Carolina , Arpa Cristina , Petrushkin Harry 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose: To audit the current clinical process whereby patients with presumed sarcoid choroiditis are referred for systemic investigation. To describe demographic and phenotypic heterogeneity of patients clinically diagnosed with presumed sarcoid choroiditis, and to compare between those who were concordant and non-concordant to the 2019 International Workshop on Ocular Sarcoidosis (IWOS) diagnostic criteria.
Method: Retrospective audit of patients clinically diagnosed with presumed sarcoid choroiditis evidenced by the presence of hypo-fluorescent dark dots (HDDs) on indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). Cases with serologic evidence of tuberculosis were excluded. A target of six months was set between diagnosis and referral to a sarcoidosis clinic. Demographic data, intra-ocular clinical signs, and systemic investigations—as outlined by IWOS criteria—were analysed and compared between IWOS-concordant and IWOS-non-concordant groups.
Results Sixty-one cases of suspected sarcoid choroiditis based on clinical diagnosis plus HDDs on ICGA and negative serological tests for tuberculosis were included. Following referral, 34.4% of patients were systemically investigated by a sarcoidosis specialist within six months. Mean age was 46.6±17.1 years, 54.1% were male, and 44.3% Caucasian. Seventy-two percent (72%) of eyes fulfilled IWOS diagnostic criteria, while 28% did not Patients who met IWOS criteria were significantly more likely to have a systemic diagnosis of sarcoidosis versus the IWOS non-concordant group (41.2% vs 0%, p=0.010).
Conclusion Approximately one-third of patients with presumed sarcoid choroiditis were referred for systemic evaluation within 6 months. ICGA is a useful diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of sarcoid choroiditis. ICGA may help identify IWOS-non-concordant patients whose disease is confined to the eye.
Development of serum lipoprotein (a) detection using latex enhanced immunoturbidimetry
Authors: Liu Yanyan , Li Meijiao , Zhang Hao , Gao Le , Liu Jitao , Hou Yue , Xu Jiancheng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Lipoprotein (a) (Lp (a)) is indeed a significant factor in cardiovascular health, as it is a product of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-like particles that bind to apolipoprotein (a). Elevated levels of Lp (a) have been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), hastening disease progression and raising CVD mortality rates. However, the absence of standardized measurement methods for Lp (a) contributes to diagnostic uncertainties.
Method
A quantitative measurement method for serum Lp (a) was developed using fully automated latex-enhanced particle immunoturbidimetry technology represents a significant advancement in diagnostic capabilities. The key parameters such as repeatability, stability, linearity, and method comparison were evaluated to ensure the accuracy of the assay.
Result
The Lp (a) in samples was recognized by carboxylated latex particles covalently coated with anti-Lp (a) antibodies. The content of Lp (a) was quantified by measuring the changes in turbidity generated by agglutination at 600 nm. With precision CV% within the batch of 1.10% and inter-batch precision CV% of 1.79%, it demonstrates reliable performance using Randox biochemical quality control samples. The detection limit of 7 mg/L and a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9946) at concentrations of 0-1500 mg/L further validate its effectiveness.
Conclusion
The quantitative determination method of serum Lp (a) based on latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric analysis indeed provides rapid results, high accuracy, and automation, making it suitable for routine clinical testing. This method relies on the interaction between Lp (a) and latex particles, allowing for efficient measurement in serum samples.
syN-BEATS for Robust Pollutant Forecasting in Data-Limited Context
Authors: Berman Josef , Pinhasov Ben , Tshuva Moshe , Aperstein Yehudit 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This research introduces syN-BEATS, a novel ensemble deep learning model tailored for effective pollutant forecasting under conditions of limited data availability. Based on the N-BEATS architecture, syN-BEATS integrates various configurations with differing numbers of stacks and blocks, effectively combining weak and strong learning approaches. Our experiments show that syN-BEATS outperforms standard models, especially when using Bayesian optimization to fine-tune ensemble weights. The model consistently achieves low relative root mean square errors, proving its capacity for precise pollutant forecasting despite data constraints. A key aspect of this study is the use of data from only one meteorological and one air quality monitoring station per region, simulating environments with restricted monitoring capabilities. By applying this approach in regions with diverse climates and air quality levels, we thoroughly assess the model's flexibility and resilience under different environmental conditions. The results highlight syN-BEATS' ability to support the development of effective health alert systems that can detect specific airborne pollutants, even in areas with limited monitoring infrastructure. This advancement is crucial for enhancing environmental monitoring and public health management in under-resourced areas.
Decoding belowground links and fertility indicators: Soil drivers, carbon components, microbes, and crop yield under long-term organic (vermicompost) and inorganic nutrient (urea) fertilizer
Authors: khodabin ghorban , Esfahan Ehsan Zandi , Mohammadi-Kashka Faezeh , Madani Ahad 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
This 11-year study investigated the relationship between chemical drivers affecting soil microbial community structure, plant function, and yield under different fertilizer regimes (control, urea, vermicompost, and their combination) in a wheat-maize rotation system, aiming to enhance soil fertility and health.
Methods
The treatments in this study included six levels of fertilization: control (CO), standard rate (SV), double standard rate with vermicompost (DV), standard rate with urea (SU), double standard rate with urea (DU), and a combined application of SU and SV (HSU+HSV).
Results
Treatments receiving vermicompost (V) led to increases in low labile organic carbon (LOC) and recalcitrant organic carbon (ROC) compared to urea treatments (U). The proportion of high labile organic carbon (LOC-H) and medium labile organic carbon to SOC depended on carbon input through crop residues, roots, and exudates in CO, DU, and SU treatments. Replacing U with V enhanced negative gram bacteria (BaG-) performance by providing higher access to nutrients, a balanced SOC ratio, and decreased pH. Applying U increased fungal biomass and reduced positive gram bacteria biomass (BaG+), indicating fungi's higher sensitivity to N compared to C. Mycorrhizal fungal biomass and Shannon microbial diversity index decreased under DU conditions compared to CO.
Conclusion
Long-term vermicompost application improved soil quality by increasing SOC components and stocks, enhancing microbial activity, nutrient availability, and plant yield. The combined use of urea and vermicompost led to a beneficial symbiosis, regulating soil functions and plant properties, ultimately enhancing soil fertility and health in the wheat-maize rotation.
Early introduction of IL-10 weakens BCG revaccination's protection by suppressing CD4+Th1 cell responses
Authors: Lei Qing , Fu Hui , Yao Zongjie , Zhou Zijie , Wang Yueqing , Lin Xiaosong , Yuan Yin , Ouyang Qi , Xu Xinyue , Cao Jinge , Gan Mengze , Fan Xionglin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction: The only authorized tuberculosis (TB) vaccine, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), has shown limited effectiveness in protecting adolescents and adults against active TB, even boosted with either BCG itself or heterologous vaccine candidates.
Objectives: The mechanisms underlying the suboptimal efficacy of BCG revaccination against primary M.tb infection remain unknown.
Methods: C57BL/6J mice were immunized with the BCG vaccine once or twice, with lung tissue analyzed for changes in cytokine levels. Different intervals between vaccinations and detection times were also studied for IL-10 expression in various organs. IL-10 expressing cells in lung, spleen, and lymph nodes were analyzed using FACS and intracellular cytokine staining (ICS). BCG revaccinated IL-10-/- mutant mice were compared to wild type mice for antigen-specific IgG antibody and T cell response. Protection against M.tb aerosol challenge was assessed in BCG revaccinated mice that untreated or treated with anti-IL-10R monoclonal antibody.
Results: IL-10 was found to be upregulated in the lungs of BCG revaccinated mice shortly after the booster immunization. The expression of IL-10 reached its peak in the lungs 3-6 weeks post-revaccination, and was also observed in lymph nodes and spleens as early as 2 weeks after the booster dose, regardless of the time intervals between the prime and booster vaccinations. The main sources of IL-10 in these tissues were macrophages and dendritic cells. Blocking IL-10 signaling in BCG revaccinated mice, achieved through the use of IL-10-/- mutant mice or anti-IL-10R monoclonal antibody, increased levels of antigen-specific IFN-γ+ or IL-2+ CD4+ T cells, central and effector memory CD4+ T cell responses, leading to better protection against 300 CFU of aerosol M.tb infection.
Conclusion: Our findings are crucial for formulating effective immunization strategies pertaining to the BCG vaccine, as well as developing efficacious adult TB vaccine.
Rotations and Translations of Head Posture Parameters as a Predictor of the Rehabilitation Management Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Nonspecific Neck Pain: A Multicenter Prospective Case Series
Authors: Anwar Ghydaa , Moustafa Ibrahim M. , Ahbouch Amal , Alrahoomi Abdulla , Harrison Deed E. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

A multicenter, prospective consecutive case series study was conducted in 5 physiotherapy clinics in the UAE from January 2021 to March 2023 to assess rotations and translations of head posture parameters as potential predictors of conservative therapy outcomes in patients with chronic non-specific neck pain (CNSNP). Eighty-six patients (mean age 35 yrs., 65% male) with CNSNP underwent conservative therapy. All participants received a detailed examination including a computerized cervical spine posture analysis and demographic data was collected. Interventions included specific exercises, diathermy, longitudinal traction, education, a detailed exercise program, ergonomic advice, and medications. Interventions were applied 3 times per week for 8 weeks. Follow-up was 6-months after final treatment. A successful outcome was based on a minimum improvement of the following four outcomes using the patient centered outcome questionnaire (PCOQ): (1) reduction of pain by 17.5 points (0–100 NRS); (2) fatigue reduction by 7.5 points; (3) distress reduction by 5 points; and (4) interference reduction by 9.5 points. At 6-month follow-up it was found that success rates for pain, fatigue, distress, and interference were above 60% for the total participants. The logistic regression for predicting overall success in combined outcomes based on age, gender, smoking status, marital status, and sagittal head translation was: 1) Age: the odds ratio (0.69) suggests that as age increases, the likelihood of overall success decreases (p = 0.001); 2) Sex: females have higher odds of overall success compared to males (OR = 2.71, p < 0.001); 3) Smoking status and marital status: neither of these factors were statistically significant predictors of overall success; 4) Sagittal head translation: each unit increase (more anterior) in this abnormal posture reduced the odds of success by 13%, showing a strong and significant effect (OR = 0.13, p < 0.001). Overall, our findings indicate that younger age, female sex, and better posture alignment of the cervical spine all had a substantial impact on the likelihood of success of 6-month outcomes in patients suffering CNSNP.
Defining the Clinical Benefits of Adding a Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonist to Control Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Moderately Emetogenic Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Antiemesis 2023 from the Japan Society of Clinical Oncology
Authors: Hayashi Toshinobu , Yamamoto Shun , Miyata Yoshiharu , Takeda Masayuki , Abe Masakazu , Wada Makoto , Iino Keiko , Akechi Tatsuo , Imamura Chiyo K. , Okuyama Ayako , Ozawa Keiko , Kim Yong-Il , Sasaki Hidenori , Satomi Eriko , Tanaka Ryuhei , Nakajima Takako Eguchi , Nakamura Naoki , Nishimura Junichi , Noda Mayumi , Hayashi Kazumi , Higashi Takahiro , Boku Narikazu , Matsumoto Koji , Matsumoto Yoko , Okita Kenji , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Aogi Kenjiro , Iihara Hirotoshi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) commonly affects patient quality of life and the overall effectiveness of chemotherapy. This study aimed to evaluate whether adding neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists (NK1RAs) to 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonists (5-HT3RAs) and corticosteroids provides clinically meaningful benefits in preventing CINV in patients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC).
Methods
We conducted a systematic review of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Ichushi-Web to identify clinical studies evaluating NK1RAs combined with 5-HT3RAs and dexamethasone for managing CINV in MEC. The endpoints were complete response (CR), complete control (CC), total control (TC), adverse events, and costs. The data were analyzed using a random effects model.
Results
From 142 articles identified, 15 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), involving 4,405 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. Approximately 60% of the patients received carboplatin (CBDCA)-based chemotherapy. The meta-analysis showed that triplet antiemetic prophylaxis with NK1RA was significantly more effective for achieving CR than doublet prophylaxis in each phase. Regarding CC, the triplet antiemetic prophylaxis was significantly more effective than the doublet in the overall (risk difference [RD]: 0.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06–0.17) and delayed (RD: 0.08, 95% CI: 0.02–0.13) phases. For TC, no significant differences were observed in any phase. Adding NK1RA did not cause adverse events.
Conclusions
Adding NK1RA to CBDCA-based chemotherapy has shown clinical benefits. However, the clinical benefits of NK1RA-containing regimens for overall MEC have not yet been established and require RCTs that exclusively evaluate MEC regimens other than CBDCA-based chemotherapy.
Single-cell profiling reveals phenotypic changes in chronic atrophic gastritis
Authors: Lin Lin , Huang Tingxuan , Li Lizhi , Lin Yang , Wang Yizhe , You Weihao , An Yawen , Duan Yujie , He Shiwei , Ye Weimin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose To identify key cellular changes and molecular events that are involved in the atrophic mucosa, thus help understand the molecular mechanisms driving the occurrence of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG).
Methods We used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to characterize changes in the epithelial state and tissue microenvironment associated with CAG. The molecular changes were mainly identified by comparing differentially expressed genes between the two mucosa states. Gene Ontology (GO) pathway enrichment analysis was used to explore the potential functional changes in each cell subtype in atrophic mucosa. Gene set score analysis was conducted to compare the functional roles of different fibroblast subtypes and functional changes in cell subtypes between the CAG and control conditions. Metabolic analysis was conducted to compare the metabolic activity of C1Q+ macrophages under different conditions. NichNet analysis was used to analyze the regulatory relationships between CXCL11+APOE+ fibroblasts and C1Q+ macrophages, and between CXCL11+APOE+ fibroblasts and CD8+ effector T cells. Transcription Factor (TF) analysis was used to infer the transcription status of different T cell subtypes in atrophic and normal mucosa tissues.
Results We generated a single cell transcriptome atlas from 3 CAG biopsy samples and their paired adjacent normal tissues. Our analysis revealed that chief cells and parietal cells exhibited a loss of detoxification ability and that surface mucous cells displayed a reduced antimicrobial defense ability in CAG lesions. The mucous neck cells in CAG lesions upregulated genes related to cell cycle transition, which may lead to aberrant DNA replication. Additionally, the T exhaustion phenotype was infiltrated in CAG conditions. C1Q+macrophages exhibited reduced phagocytosis ability, downregulated expression of pattern recognition receptors and decreased metabolic activity. NichNet analysis revealed that a subpopulation of CXCL11+APOE+ fibroblasts regulated the inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of atrophic gastritis.
Conclusions In the occurrence of CAG, there is a certain degree of immune decline in the mucosal microenvironment, including a reduced immune response of C1Q+ macrophages, reduced cytotoxicity of T cell, as well as increased infiltration of exhausted T cells. Additionally, different epithelial subtypes aberrantly express genes that may be susceptible to external bacterial infection and undergo aberrant cell cycle progression.
Changes in nucleus pulposus cell atlas and the role of SPP1 during intervertebral disc degeneration: Single-cell sequencing analysis
Authors: wei xianzhao , Liu Chen , Jiao Kun , Li Xiaoyu , Deng Zixiang , Cheng Yajun , Wang Shanhe , Li Ming , zhou xiaoyi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The nucleus pulposus (NP) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD); however, its internal cellular heterogeneity and molecular mechanisms have not yet been elucidated.
Methods
ScRNA-seq was used to evaluate the structure of the NP at different degenerative stages in the same individual with IVDD. Unsupervised clustering of cells based on gene expression profiles was performed using the Seurat package and passed to Umap for cluster visualization. A rat disc degeneration model and an in vitro human NP cell degeneration model were established to validate the scRNA-Seq identification results.
Results
Six NP sub-clusters and immune cells were identified, and their distribution and functional differences between healthy and degenerative states were investigated. Immune cells were present only in degenerated NPs and may trigger NP degeneration. Cellular communication within the NP was altered by the intervention of immune cells. secreted phosphorylated protein 1 (SPP1), secreted by immune cells, plays a major role and is a key molecule in NP degeneration. The results of in vivo animal experiments and in vitro cellular experiments showed that the expression of SPP1 was increased in degenerating NPs. High expression of SPP1 promoted NP degeneration, whereas inhibition of its expression attenuated degeneration.
Conclusions
Cytoarchitectural changes in NP were revealed by scRNA-Seq. SPP1 is involved in the pathogenesis of disc degeneration and may be a new target for intervention in IVDD.