bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LAMA TIDUR DAN AKUMULASI KELELAHAN KERJA (ACCUMULATED FATIGUE) PADA DOSEN
Authors: Yogisutanti Gurdani 
Published: September 2015

<p>Fatigue merupakan fenomena normal bagi setiap orang yang dapat dikurangi dengan istirahat maupun tidur. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan lama waktu tidur dengan akumulasi kelelahan kerja pada dosen. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2013 dengan desain cross sectional digunakan dalam penelitian terhadap 236 partisipan berasal dari 8 sekolah tinggi ilmu kesehatan swasta di Jawa Barat. Lama waktu tidur per hari diukur menggunakan kuesioner dan akumulasi kelelahan kerja diukur menggunakan instrumen self-diagnosis Check List for Assessment of Worker’s accumulated fatigue. Rerata waktu tidur adalah 6,23±1,1 jam per hari). Hasil uji statistik menggunakan Product Moment didapatkan lama waktu tidur berkorelasi negatif dengan gejala kelelahan subjektif (r=-0,132; p&lt;0,05), kondisi kerja(r= -0,169; p&lt;0,05) dan akumulasi kerja (r=-0,173; p&lt;0,05). Semakin tinggi lama tidur, maka semakin rendah kelelahan kerja yang terjadi. Kurangnya waktu tidur dalam jangka waktu yang lama dapat berakibat pada kualitas hidup dosen dan dapat menyebabkan sakit. Untuk mengurangi akumulasi kelelahan kerja harus cukup waktu tidur dan beristirahat.</p><p><em>Fatigue is a normal phenomenon that can be reduced by rest and sleep. The aims of this study was to uncover the relationship between lecturers’ sleep duration and their job burnout. This research was conducted at 2013. The cross sectional design was applied to 236 participants from eight private Health Sciences School in West Java. Sleep durations were measured by a questionnaire and Self-diagnosis Check List for Assessment of Worker’s accumulated fatigue was used to measure lecturers’ job burnout. Results have shown that rates of the sleep duration in a day were around 6,23±1,1 hours. Product moment test has shown that the sleep duration had negative correlation with subjective fatigue (r=-0.132; p&lt;0.05), working conditions (r=-0.169; p&lt;0.05), and working accumulation (r=-0.173; p&lt;0.05). The more sleep duration the lower job burnout. Long term sleepiness can be affected to quality of live. Adequat sleep one of best way to deal with job burnout problems.</em></p>
The Research Foci of Computing Research in South Africa as Reflected by Publications in the South African Computer Journal
Authors: Kotze Paula , Van der Merwe Alta 
Published: September 2015

The South African Computer Journal, better known as SACJ, has, for the last nineteen years, been one of the most pertinent
publications for the computing discipline within the South African milieu. In this paper we reflect on the topics of research
articles published in SACJ over its first 40 volumes of the journal using the ACM Computing Classification Scheme as basis. In
our analysis we divided the publications into three cycles of more or less six years in order to identify significant trends over the
history of the journal. We also used the same classification scheme to analyse the publication trends of various South African
tertiary education and research institutions.
Generic Network Location Service
Authors: Mwansa Laban , Janeček Jan 
Published: September 2015

This work presents the Generic Network Location Service based on the Chord implementation utilizing data structures called distributed hash tables (DHT) or structured overlay networks, which are used to build scalable self-managing distributed systems. The provided algorithms guarantee resilience in the presence of dynamism: they guarantee consistent lookup results in the presence of nodes failing and leaving. Generic Network Location Service provides a Location Service system based on DHT technology, which is storing device location records in nodes within a Chord DHT.
Location records are consisting of network device identification keys as attributes, which are used to create replicas of additional location records through established Chord hashing mechanisms. Storing device location records, in places address-able (using the DHT lookup) by individual location record keys provides a simple way of implementing transla¬tion functions similar to well¬ known network services (e.g. ARP, DNS, ENUM).
The generic network location ser¬vice presented in the paper is not supposed to be a substitu¬tion of the existing translation techniques (e.g. ARP, DNS, ENUM), but it is considered as an overlay service that uses data available in existing systems and provides some translations currently unavailable.
Hardware Genetic Algorithm Optimization by Critical Path Analysis using a Custom VLSI Architecture
Authors: Smith Farouk , Van den Berg Allan Edward 
Published: September 2015

This paper propose a Virtual-Field Programmable Gate Array (V-FPGA) architecture that allows direct access to its configuration bits to facilitate hardware evolution, thereby allowing any combinational or sequential digital circuit to be realized.
By using the V-FPGA, this paper investigates two possible ways of making evolutionary hardware systems more scalable: by optimizing the system’s genetic algorithm (GA); and by decomposing the solution circuit into smaller, evolvable sub-circuits. GA optimization is done by: omitting a canonical GA’s crossover operator (i.e. by using a 1+λ algorithm); applying evolution constraints; and optimizing the fitness function.
A noteworthy contribution this research has made is the in-depth analysis of the phenotypes’ CPs. Through analyzing the CPs, it has been shown that a great amount of insight can be gained into a phenotype’s fitness.
We found that as the number of columns in the Cartesian Genetic Programming array increases, so the likelihood of an external output being placed in the column decreases. Furthermore, the number of used LEs per column also substantially decreases per added column.
Finally, we demonstrated the evolution of a state-decomposed control circuit. It was shown that the evolution of each state’s sub-circuit was possible, and suggest that modular evolution can be a successful tool when dealing with scalability.
Ecosystem engineering by a gall‐forming wasp indirectly suppresses diversity and density of herbivores on oak trees
Authors: Wetzel William C. , Screen Robyn M. , Li Ivana , McKenzie Jennifer , Phillips Kyle A. , Cruz Melissa , Zhang Wenbo , Greene Austin , Lee Esther , Singh Nuray , Tran Carolyn , Yang Louie H. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractEcosystem engineers, organisms that modify the physical environment, are generally thought to increase diversity by facilitating species that benefit from engineered habitats. Recent theoretical work, however, suggests that ecosystem engineering could initiate cascades of trophic interactions that shape community structure in unexpected ways, potentially having negative indirect effects on abundance and diversity in components of the community that do not directly interact with the habitat modifications. We tested the indirect effects of a gall‐forming wasp on arthropod communities in surrounding unmodified foliage. We experimentally removed all senesced galls from entire trees during winter and sampled the arthropod community on foliage after budburst. Gall removal resulted in 59% greater herbivore density, 26% greater herbivore richness, and 27% greater arthropod density five weeks after budburst. Gall removal also reduced the differences in community composition among trees (i.e., reduced beta diversity), even when accounting for differences in richness. The community inside galls during winter and through the growing season was dominated by jumping spiders (Salticidae; 0.87 ± 0.12 spiders per gall). We suggest that senesced galls provided habitat for spiders, which suppressed herbivorous arthropods and increased beta diversity by facilitating assembly of unusual arthropod communities. Our results demonstrate that the effects of habitat modification by ecosystem engineers can extend beyond merely providing habitat for specialists; the effects can propagate far enough to influence the structure of communities that do not directly interact with habitat modifications.
Formation Evaluation in Tight Clastic and Carbonate Formations: A Malay Basin Case Study
Authors: Kyi K.. , Haddad S. S. , Chouya S.. , Wa W.. , Johan Z. J. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Tight heterogeneous clastic and carbonate formations present great challenges in terms of reservoir fluid characterisation and downhole fluid sampling during exploration phase. The low mobility imposed by the tight clastic formations usually prohibits conclusive formation testing and sampling using conventional wireline formation testers (WFT) with single probe. The small flow area provided by single probe typically does not allow single phase reservoir fluid withdrawal in such low mobility environment due to the high pressure drawdown. In addition, the optimisation of pressure drawdown is critical to ensure single phase and representative downhole reservoir fluid sampling within the allowed station time. On the other side, the heterogeneous nature of the carbonate pore system imposes a significant mobility range, varying from very tight to good permeability intervals. Pinnacle reef carbonates are often naturally fractured. The natural fracture system may cause fluid losses resulting in drilling and data acquisition challenges. Detailed planning and careful consideration on various testing options available is needed to address this high mobility variation and subsequently to maximise the data acquisition at minimum operation cost, time and risks.
This work presents case studies demonstrating a new WFT approach in appraising tight laminated sandstone and carbonate reservoirs in offshore Malaysia fields. An initial attempt with conventional technology did not allow to obtain any conclusive formation pressure measurement, pressure gradients, downhole reservoir fluid identification and sampling. On the other hand, the application of WFT Dual Packer offers limited pressure drawdown range and requires extended station time usually resisted by drillers. Realising the importance of these exploration wells to verify potential reserves from initial geological and petrophysical data, it became crucial to search for an alternative technology to achieve the fluid evaluation objectives in a time-effective manner.
This paper presents a new approach and methodology that was implemented and resulted in reliable reservoir rock pressure, mobility, and sampling while improving operational efficiency. As a result, it was possible to successfully evaluate the reservoirs of interest and meet study objectives.
This work will also provide a proposed best practice, workflow, and recommendations supported by field data examples.
Innovative Impregnated Drill-Bit Design with Enhanced Durability Improves Performance in Challenging Algerian Application
Authors: Gadallah Khaled , Richert Volker , Burch Connie 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Vertical wells are drilled in the In Aminas field in Algeria with various types of drill bits, including polycrystalline diamond compact bits (PDC), tungsten carbide insert bits (TCI), and impregnated (impreg) drill bits. The operator tested a new 6-in impregnated bit with novel cutting structure concepts in an attempt to drill the section in one run. The bit was used on rotary BHA, and high speed motor BHA for two runs in the same section.
Both runs did well, and the bit maintained the sharp cutting structure till the TD of the section.
The 6-in section comprises mulitple layers of hard abrasive sandstone with unconfined compressive strength up to 35 KPSI, loose shale which is relatively soft and ends with metamorphic rock.
The new impregnated bit uses diamond segments imbedded in blades comprising diamond-grit matrix material to create a cutting structure with variable wear along the bit face. This particular combination of diamond and matrix improved overall aggressiveness and durability in the shoulder.
To drill efficiently, impregs are paired with high-speed motors or turbines. The new design successfully drilled on two different BHAs. The first was a rotary-packed BHA that drilled 406.8 ft (124 m) at 4.33 ft/hr (1.32 m/hr). The bit didn't show signs of wear and was used on a second BHA with a high-speed motor that drilled another 603.7 ft (184 m) at 6 ft/hr (1.8 m/hr). The impreg's overall performance was 1,010 ft (308 m) at 5.2 ft/hr (1.6 m/hr), and the bit pulled out of hole in a very good condition.
The solution enabled the operator to drill 200% further, more than the best offsets and saving multiple bit trips, which resulted in total savings of USD 195,000.
This article will explain the benefits of the new technology and discuss how this novel impregnated bit successfully drilled the section in one run which is the first time ever to happen.
Continues Update for PetroSilah Full Fields Development Plan Results of Production and Reserves
Authors: Abdalla Omar Shehata , Shawky Mohamed , Badawy Omar , Maarouf Mounier , kamal Youssuf 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Field development planning is one of the core business processes in the upstream oil and gas industry. Before a discovered field can be developed and its hydrocarbon produced, proper evaluation and planning of the subsurface reservoirs and surface facilities are necessary to ensure that the field development plan is not only economical to undertake, but also flexible enough to cater for any deviation from the original plan during implementation as a result of inherent uncertainties in the reservoirs over the production life span of the field.
This paper describes the approach taken to prepare a Field Development Plan (FDP) for one of the old mature fields in the western desert of Egypt which operated by PetroSilah Petroleum Company in the concessions area in El-Fayoum, 90 Km south of Cairo. PetroSilah Petroleum Company operates more than 15 mature fields with very limited sand structure and depletion drive reservoirs mechanism, two common denominators among these fields is the high pour point of the produced oil and the lake of surface facilities for crude assembling and shipping since crude oil is transported by trucks.
The driver for this FDP was the requirement to maximize and improve existing field's production, starting 3rd quarter of 2012 FFDP initiated when total daily production rate of PetroSilah was 3500 BOPD such as work-over/re-completions campaign, new infill development and exploratory/appraisal wells have been drilled in addition to hydraulic fracture campaign and water injection project which started in some fields and preparation for other existing have been applied, results showed an increase of total average daily production up to 7000 BOPD.
The key areas emphasized in the preparation of the field development plan include the business driver, resource assessment, depletion strategy, development concept and selection, managing uncertainties, appraisal requirements, reservoir management, and anticipating production problems.
Static Model QC: Technical Aspects and Practice from A to Z
Authors: Noureldien Darhim M. , Merghany Ibrahim 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Petroleum Industry has a lot of uncertainties and risks in each element of its different domains starting from exploration reaching to production. Different tools are being used in order to minimize those uncertainties especially in characterizing reservoirs and defining the optimum development strategies for them. One of the most powerful tools is the numerical reservoir simulation which is considered the state of the art technique since 1990's. Numerical reservoir simulation uses certain geological and engineering findings and predicts the reservoir performance in the future stochastically. It helps a lot in maximizing the asset value and hence the project economics.
Geological Model or what is called “Static Modeling” is the most important stage in the reservoir modeling process at which we build our model to capture all structural, stratigraphical and petrophysical features. The static model is usually built by the geoscientists then delivered to the engineer to start feeding the model with the dynamic data (e.g. PVT, SCAL, Production, Pressure, VLP… etc.). But before feeding the static model, each reservoir engineer must check the quality of the Static Model to assure certain feature such as; it had been coarsened or upscaled properly, it can really mimic the fluid flow directions, it can be run by numerical solvers available in commercial Simulators without any convergence error, it is valid for the purpose it was built for and much more others.
That's why it is very important for each engineer that is willing to work on static models to have a road map of what he/she should do and what type of interactions with geoscientists needed in order to QC the static model before getting it to be Dynamic Model. Indeed, we generalized definite steps which can be considered as a template for any reservoir engineer to follow when he/she approaches to QC any static model. Those steps include all the QC elements starting from Structural aspects like faults modeling reaching to matching with electric logs and facies description. Not only the Static Model QC but also we proposed many recommendations during the Upscaling stage and how to keep your model as simple as you can. All of those were stated clearly combined with some technical details behind each step to let engineers be aware of the technicality in background and its impact.
This paper is important for any engineer dealing with reservoir modeling which will provide him with a general scheme to follow whilst QC'ing the model. This paper also targets the methodology to obtain well-defined model in order to have a better realization of our reservoir and hence better FDP and maximum asset value which is the ultimate target for any E&P company in our world.
Cyclic Group Steaming of Wells (CGSW): A Case Study in Issaran Egypt Field
Authors: Korany S. K. , Hassan W.. , Basta G. S. , Kortam W. T. , Coutry S. N. , Shokry K. S. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis paper describes a case study of cyclic group steaming of wells (CGSW) in a heavy oil (10-12 API) field located in Egypt. The field is known as Issaran with approximately 1.2 billion barrels of oil in place. CGSW was implemented in a pilot in a highly fractured limestone reservoir, with highly permeable fractures. During cyclic steam injection in the pilot, a negative effect was noticed during steam injection in some wells on surrounding wells; the gross production rate increased accompanied by an increase in water cut and wellhead temperature leading to loss in oil production. This meant that steam injection strategy needs some modificationsTo avoid this, CGSW was implemented by applying steam cycles in all the producers of the pilots simultaneously, allowing for a better distribution of heat around all the wells.Cyclic steam injection of all wells together implies pressurizing the reservoir, and hence increasing the reservoir energy along with decreasing the oil viscosity and enhancing the ultimate oil recovery. This, together with eliminating the negative effect of steam injection from the neighboring wells allowed the wells to show a better performanceComparison is made between some of the wells producing before and after CGSW. The results are shown along with a full description of the process.
Steerable Drilling Liner Matches the Industry's Common Theme Regarding Cost Optimization Approaches and minimize Geomechanics Related Challenges; Technology Overview, Applications and Limitations
Authors: El Sherbeny Wael , Biscaro Enrico , Merie Ibrahim , Mayer Heinrich , Dabyah Ali Al 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Because fracture gradient changes with rock type, some formations are more sensitive to induced fractures than others. Depending upon depth, the fractures created will either be horizontal or vertical. If the depth is 2500 feet or less, horizontal fractures are usually produced. Because horizontal fractures require lifting the entire overburden, they are limited to shallow depths. At depths over 3500 feet, fractures are usually vertical. Because vertical fractures occur without lifting the overburden, they can be created at much lower pressure. The propagation pressure is generally much less than the pressure that would be required to initiate the fracture. Consequently, fracture losses, once initiated, are difficult to control.
Wellbore instability, particularly in shale formations, is a major challenge in drilling operations. Many factors such as rock properties, in-situ stresses, chemical interactions between shale and drilling fluids, and thermal effects must be taken into consideration in well trajectory designs and drilling fluid formulations to mitigate wellbore instability-related problems.
The Steerable Drilling Liner service combines a rotary steerable system with a liner to help overcome the challenges: drilling in zones with lower pressure and unstable shale/coal layers, and with formations of varying flow and pressure regimes. Running the liner while drilling keeps the wellbore stable and eliminates the need to pull the drillstring to run casing. This is how it reduces your risks and NPT, saving the costs associated with contingency plans. Because the liner is isolated from the reamer shoe, you can rotate the liner at much lower RPMs than the pilot and reamer bits. This design lessens the load on the liner, improving its fatigue life.
The Steerable Drilling Liner steerable drilling liner service helps you to mitigate the risk of hole collapse and formation damage by reducing openhole exposure, Reduce NPT by eliminating extra trips and ensuring that the liner is installed at TD from the first run
Enhance wellbore integrity by drilling with the liner, leading to the plastering effect, which reduces fluid loss and cuttings volume, Lower health, safety, and environmental (HSE) risks by reducing pipe handling and rigsite footprint size
Steerable Drilling Liner service developed and qualified using a rigorous processes including extensive onshore testing at the service provider Experimental Test Area (BETA) facility before being successfully deployed offshore. Rely on Steerable Drilling Liner service performance in extreme environments; the cost-effective Steerable Drilling Liner service promotes wellbore stability and performs reliably in the challenging downhole environments. This Paper will reveal the technology overview, updates, case histories and field limitations