bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Skin of the Film
Authors: Marks Laura U. 
Published: November 2013

Memories that evoke the physical awareness of touch, smell, and bodily presence can be vital links to home for people living in diaspora from their culture of origin. How can filmmakers working between cultures use cinema, a visual medium, to transmit that physical sense of place and culture? In The Skin of the Film Laura U. Marks offers an answer, building on the theories of Gilles Deleuze and others to explain how and why intercultural cinema represents embodied experience in a postcolonial, transnational world.
Much of intercultural cinema, Marks argues, has its origin in silence, in the gaps left by recorded history. Filmmakers seeking to represent their native cultures have had to develop new forms of cinematic expression. Marks offers a theory of “haptic visuality”—a visuality that functions like the sense of touch by triggering physical memories of smell, touch, and taste—to explain the newfound ways in which intercultural cinema engages the viewer bodily to convey cultural experience and memory. Using close to two hundred examples of intercultural film and video, she shows how the image allows viewers to experience cinema as a physical and multisensory embodiment of culture, not just as a visual representation of experience. Finally, this book offers a guide to many hard-to-find works of independent film and video made by Third World diasporic filmmakers now living in the United States, Great Britain, and Canada.
The Skin of the Film draws on phenomenology, postcolonial and feminist theory, anthropology, and cognitive science. It will be essential reading for those interested in film theory, experimental cinema, the experience of diaspora, and the role of the sensuous in culture.
Fumigant Treatment of Douglas-Fir Bridge Timbers
Authors: Morrell Jeffrey J. , Love Connie S. , Freitag Camille 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The residual protective effect of sodium n-methyldithiocarbamate (NaMDC) fumigant was investigated in Douglas-fir timbers in a bridge in western Oregon using fungal colonization and levels of methylisothiocyanate (MITC; the primary fungitoxic breakdown product of NaMDC) as the measures of protection. MITC levels were above the presumed protective threshold 7 years after treatment and remained above that level in four of five timbers 12 years after treatment. These results differ from those found in round timbers and suggest that the combination of a protective-treated shell and the sawn surface resulted in a more prolonged protective period against renewed fungal attack. These results illustrate the benefits of NaMDC treatment on bridge timbers.
Combined Salt and Temperature Impact on Montmorillonite Hydration
Authors: Svensson Per Daniel , Hansen Staffan 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBentonite is to be used as a sealing material for long-term storage of radioactive waste. During permafrost periods the buffer may freeze, causing the following: montmorillonite dehydration, ice formation, and pressure build-up that may fracture the surrounding rock. No previous study has been done on freezing of bentonite in saline water. Using small and wide angle X-ray scattering, the present study aimed to increase understanding of the combined impact of salt and temperature on the hydration (swelling) of Wyoming montmorillonite. The basal spacing of the Na-montmorillonite was very dependent on the water content, while this was not the case for the Ca-montmorillonite (after reaching 19 Å). The basal spacing of the free-swelling Na-montmorillonite (34–280 Å) was estimated successfully using simple calculations. During freezing of Na-montmorillonite in NaCl solution, both ice and hydrohalite formed (at -50 and -100ºC). At starting concentrations ≥ 1.5 M the basal spacing was not affected by freezing. During freezing of Ca-montmorillonite in CaCl2 solution, ice formed; antarcticite formed only sporadically. The basal spacing of the Ca-montmorillonite at high NaCl concentrations (>1 M) was greater at -50 and -100ºC (18 Å) than at 20ºC (16 Å). The opposite was observed at low concentrations. This change was attributed to small amounts of salts introduced into the montmorillonite interlayer, hence changing the interlayer water properties. The montmorillonite hydration was also temperature dependent; decreasing temperature increased the hydration (as long as no ice was formed) and increasing the temperature decreased the hydration. This was attributed to the temperature impact on the entropy of the hydration reaction. This observation was also reproduced in an experiment up to 90ºC. A small amount of salt in the groundwater was noted to reduce significantly the potential problem of ice formation in bentonite sealings.
Integration of Noninvasive DNA Testing for Aneuploidy into Prenatal Care: What Has Happened Since the Rubber Met the Road?
Authors: Bianchi Diana W , Wilkins-Haug Louise 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDOver the past 2 years, noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT), which uses massively parallel sequencing to align and count DNA fragments floating in the plasma of pregnant women, has become integrated into prenatal care. Professional societies currently recommend offering NIPT as an advanced screen to pregnant women at high risk for fetal aneuploidy, reserving invasive diagnostic procedures for those at the very highest risk.CONTENTIn this review, we summarize the available information on autosomal and sex chromosome aneuploidy detection. Clinical performance in CLIA-certified, College of American Pathology–accredited laboratories appears to be equivalent to prior clinical validation studies, with high sensitivities and specificities and very high negative predictive values. The main impact on clinical care has been a reduction in invasive procedures. Test accuracy is affected by the fetal fraction, the percentage of fetal DNA in the total amount of circulating cell-free DNA. Fetal fraction is in turn affected by maternal body mass index, gestational age, type of aneuploidy, singleton vs multiples, and mosaicism. Three studies comparing NIPT to serum or combined screening for autosomal aneuploidy all show that NIPT has significantly lower false-positive rates (approximately 0.1%), even in all-risk populations. A significant number of the discordant positive cases have underlying biological reasons, including confined placental mosaicism, maternal mosaicism, cotwin demise, or maternal malignancy.SUMMARYNIPT performs well as an advanced screen for whole chromosome aneuploidy. Economic considerations will likely dictate whether its use can be expanded to all risk populations and whether it can be applied routinely for the detection of subchromosome abnormalities.
Multistage oxygen delignification of high-kappa pine kraft pulp with peroxymonosulfuric acid (Px)
Authors: Jafari Vahid , Sixta Herbert , van Heiningen Adriaan 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
In the present study the advantages of multistage oxygen delignification was explored in comparison with a single-stage process at the same level of total caustic charge. A pine kraft pulp with kappa number of 65 (Kn65) was bleached with the focus on the effect of NaOH-charge distribution on Kn, pulp yield, and selectivity of oxygen delignification. The effect of initial chelation with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and interstage pulp treatment with peroxymonosulfuric acid (Px) were also investigated. It is shown that the chelated pulp with high Kn may be delignified in three stages to Kn15, but at an unacceptable reduction in pulp viscosity and yield. In contrast, interstage treatment of the chelated pulp with Px at a total charge of 2% active oxygen (based on pulp) in combination with three stages of oxygen delignification enables Kn reduction to about 15 at acceptable viscosity and total yield advantage of about 0.5% (based on wood) compared to an oxygen-delignified kraft pulp with Kn24 derived from the same pine wood chips.
A corpus-linguistic study of multiple relative clauses in Chinese
Authors: Ming Tao , Chen Liang 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
This study investigates the ordering restriction of two relative clauses modifying the same head noun phrase in Chinese. We use both retrospective and corpus data to challenge Larson and Takahashi's (2007) account of the ordering of such multiple relative clauses in Chinese in terms of the distinction of individual-level and stage-level relative clauses. Instead, we offer an account based on the discourse function of the multiple relative clauses in Chinese. Specifically, we argue that relative clauses that serve to provide grounding information for the head noun tend to precede other types of relative clauses. The proposed ordering restriction is shown to account for the ordering of multiple relative clauses in both Chinese and English.
Laser photobiomodulation influences the expression of genes related to the inflammatory process and muscle cell differentiation during the process of muscle healing
Authors: Rodrigues Natalia Camargo , Brunelli Roberta , de Araújo Heloísa Selistre , Parizotto Nivaldo Antonio , Renno Ana Claudia Muniz 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 780-nm laser therapy on the expression of genes related to muscle healing.Sixty-three rats were distributed into three groups: 1) injured control group (CG), 2) injured treatment group at 10 J/cmAt day 7, G10 presented a smaller necrosis area compared to CG and G50. Fourteen days post-surgery, G10 and G50 presented a smaller amount of inflammatory cells and a better tissue organization compared to CG. On day 21, G10 and G50 showed better muscle structure than the control. A significantly decreased COX-2 expression was observed in groups G10 and G50 at day 7 compared to the control animals. No difference was found among the experimental groups after 14 days, but G50 presented statistically higher COX-2 down-regulation at day 21. VEGF expression decreased in the first period analyzed in both treatment groups, increased after 14 days in G10, and increased after 21 days in G50. Both irradiated groups had a higher MyoD expression in all the evaluated periods and myogenin levels increased after 14 days in both treatment groups and in G10 after 21 days.780-nm laser therapy had positive effects during muscle regeneration through the gene expression modulation related to the inflammatory process and the new muscle fibers formation, in both fluencies used in the present study, but the fluence of 10 J/cm
Performance properties of vacuum insulation panels produced with various filling materials
Authors: Davraz Metin , Bayrakci Hilmi C. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Vacuum insulation panel (VIP) is known to be the most effective insulation material. However, the usage areas of VIPs are restricted because of their high production costs. The core of VIP is the most important item affecting the cost of VIP. In this study, to obtain VIPs, which are provided with minimum thermal conductivity resistance value (R=5 m2 K/mW), was aimed for the optimal thickness of the panel (<40 mm). Therefore, 14 different core samples of VIP were produced by using various types of powders (fumed silica, precipitated silica, perlite, and diatomite), opacifiers (silicon carbide, carbon black, and titanium dioxide), and fibers (glass fiber, organic fiber, and cellulosic fiber). By using appropriate test methods, the physical properties of core samples such as unit weight, porosity, mass per volume and mechanical properties, their uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, and dimensional stability and also thermal conductivity coefficient in vacuum were determined. Results were compared with values of reference materials. The most appropriate compression pressure used in the manufacture of core sample was 27.5 kN. In addition, taking into account the benefit-cost relationship, the results of this study showed that the mix of fumed silica and precipitated silica (powder material), silicon carbide (opacifier), and glass fiber (fiber) was determined as the most suitable raw materials.
Regional climate response to land surface changes after harvest in the North China Plain under present and possible future climate conditions
Authors: Cho Mee‐Hyun , Boo Kyung‐On , Lee Johan , Cho Chunho , Lim Gyu‐Ho 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the impacts of land use alterations from harvesting practices on the regional surface climate over the North China Plain. The surface climate responses after harvest in June in regions where double‐cropping is practiced were evaluated using observations and model simulations with the global climate model HadGEM2‐Atmosphere. Responses were modeled under both present and possible future climate conditions. In the model, double‐cropping was represented using the monthly varying fraction of vegetation. This contributed to an improvement in the model simulation over East Asia. Modeling results showed that the land surface was warmer and drier after harvest, and these simulation results were consistent with observations. The bare soil surface after harvest in June had biophysical impacts on the surface climate that were mediated by decreasing evapotranspiration and latent heat flux effects, which increased surface air temperatures and decreased surface humidity. An increase in shortwave radiation also contributed to the rise in temperatures. Under two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) scenarios for possible future climate conditions, land conversion induced additional warming in addition to greenhouse gases induced global warming. The RCP 8.5 and RCP 2.6 scenarios demonstrated a warming of 1.0°C and 1.4°C due to harvesting practices in June, respectively. The response magnitude was affected by the climate conditions in each RCP. Our results suggest that potential impacts of harvest on the local climate need to be considered in future projections of CO2‐induced warming on a regional scale.
Drivers of increased organic carbon concentrations in stream water following forest disturbance: Separating effects of changes in flow pathways and soil warming
Authors: Schelker J. , Grabs T. , Bishop K. , Laudon H. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractForest disturbance such as clear‐cutting has been identified as an important factor for increasing dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in boreal streams. We used a long‐term data set of soil temperature, soil moisture, shallow groundwater (GW) levels, and stream DOC concentrations from three boreal first‐order streams to investigate mechanisms causing these increases. Clear‐cutting was found to alter soil conditions with warmer and wetter soils during summer. The application of a riparian flow concentration integration model (RIM) explained a major part of variation in stream [DOC] arising from changing flow pathways in riparian soils during the pretreatment period (r2 = 0.4–0.7), but less well after the harvest. Model residuals were sensitive to changes in soil temperature. The linear regression models for the temperature dependence of [DOC] in soils were not different in the disturbed and undisturbed catchments, whereas a nonlinear response to soil moisture was found. Overall these results suggest that the increased DOC mobilization after forest disturbance is caused by (i) increased GW levels leading to increased water fluxes in shallow flow path in riparian soils and (ii) increased soil temperature increasing the DOC availability in soils during summer. These relationships indicate that the mechanisms of DOC mobilization after forest disturbance are not different to those of undisturbed catchments, but that catchment soils respond to the higher hydro‐climatic variation observed after clear‐cutting. This highlights the sensitivity of boreal streams to changes in the energy and water balance, which may be altered as a result of both land management and climate change.
The Bumps in Trinidadian Life: Reminiscence Bumps for Positive and Negative Life Events
Authors: Alea Nicole , Ali Sideeka , Marcano Blaine 
Published: November 2013

SummaryThe study examined the life‐script account for a reminiscence bump in a Trinidadian sample (N = 100; range: 31–59 years old). The cue‐word technique elicited memories, and events (n = 809) were content‐coded as life scripted (e.g., marriage), considering normative ages from a preliminary study, unusual (e.g., traumatic events), or ordinary (e.g., a day at the beach). Two reminiscence bumps were found: one between 6 and 15 years old and another in the mid‐twenties, for both positive and negative events. The early bump was comprised mostly of ordinary events, regardless of participant's age. The second bump period was mostly unusual events, regardless of valence, although people ≥40 years old were producing this bump for negative life events. Life‐scripted events were found only in the early negative reminiscence bump. The discussion focuses on other theoretical interpretations for the findings (e.g., life‐story account), methodological considerations for future work, and cultural considerations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Immunoassay of circulating terminal transferase in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A new technique for diagnosis
Authors: Stass Sanford A. , Peiper Stephen C. , Bollum F.J. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe measurement of circulating terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) antigen can be accomplished by the use of an ELISA immunoassay system. TdT was present in either peripheral or bone marrow plasma of five patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and absent from normal controls using ELISA. The assay was sensitive to a level of 20 ng/ml. The ALL patient values ranged from 160 ng/ml to 420 ng/ml. Use of ELISA for quantitation of TdT may have important diagnostic implications in patients with ALL.
Granulocytopenia with marked lymphocytosis manifesting sjogren syndrome
Authors: Goske James , Askari Ali D. , Dickman Eliot , Forman Walter B. , Crum Edward D. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractSjogren syndrome is a multi‐system disease leading to diverse organ involvement during its course [1, 2]. Hematologic abnormalities described in Sjogren syndrome include anemia, mild leukopenia [3, 4], eosinophilia, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hypergammaglobulinemia, mixed cryoglobulinemia, and a variety of autoantibodies [5]. Marked lymphocytosis with granulocytopenia is distinctly unusual and has not been previously reported. We reporf a case of Sjogren syndrome who presented with constellation of the latter problems without prominent sicca manifestations.
Simultaneous determination of the novel thiosemicarbazone anti‐cancer agent, Bp4eT, and its main phase I metabolites in plasma: Application to a pilot pharmacokinetic study in rats
Authors: Stariat Ján , Suprunová Vlasta , Roh Jaroslav , Šesták Vít , Eisner Tomáš , Filipský Tomáš , Mladěnka Přemysl , Nobilis Milan , Šimůnek Tomáš , Klimeš Jiří , Kalinowski Danuta S. , Richardson Des R. , Kovaříková Petra 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTNovel thiosemicarbazone metal chelators are extensively studied anti‐cancer agents with marked and selective activity against a wide variety of cancer cells, as well as human tumor xenografts in mice. This study describes the first validated LC‐MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of 2‐benzoylpyridine 4‐ethyl‐3‐thiosemicarbazone (Bp4eT) and its main metabolites (E/Z isomers of the semicarbazone structure, M1‐E and M1‐Z, and the amidrazone metabolite, M2) in plasma. Separation was achieved using a C18 column with ammonium formate/acetonitrile mixture as the mobile phase. Plasma samples were treated using solid‐phase extraction on 96‐well plates. This method was validated over the concentration range of 0.18–2.80 μM for Bp4eT, 0.02–0.37 μM for both M1‐E and M1‐Z, and 0.10–1.60 μM for M2. This methodology was applied to the analysis of samples from in vivo experiments, allowing for the concentration–time profile to be simultaneously assessed for the parent drug and its metabolites. The current study addresses the lack of knowledge regarding the quantitative analysis of thiosemicarbazone anti‐cancer drugs and their metabolites in plasma and provides the first pharmacokinetic data on a lead compound of this class. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mass spectrum analysis of serum biomarker proteins from patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Zhou Na , Wang Jie , Yu Yaqin , Shi Jieping , Li Xiaokun , Xu Bin , Yu Qiong 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTDiagnosis of schizophrenia does not have a clear objective test at present, so we aimed to identify the potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of schizophrenia by comparison of serum protein profiling between first‐episode schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. The combination of a magnetic bead separation system with matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF/TOF‐MS) was used to analyze the serum protein spectra of 286 first‐episode patients with schizophrenia, 41 chronic disease patients and 304 healthy controls. FlexAnlysis 3.0 and ClinProToolsTM 2.1 software was used to establish a diagnostic model for schizophrenia. The results demonstrated that 10 fragmented peptides demonstrated an optimal discriminatory performance. Among these fragmented peptides, the peptide with m/z 1206.58 was identified as a fragment of fibrinopeptide A. Receiver operating characteristic analysis for m/z 1206.58 showed that the area under the curve was 0.981 for schizophrenia vs healthy controls, and 0.999 for schizophrenia vs other chronic disease controls. From our result, we consider that the analysis of serum protein spectrum using the magnetic bead separation system and MALDI‐TOF/TOF‐MS is an objective diagnostic tool. We conclude that fibrinopeptide A has the potential to be a biomarker for diagnosis of schizophrenia. This protein may also help to elucidate schizophrenia disease pathogenesis. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Absolute Configuration of Oplopanone Derivatives From Serphidium stenocephalum: ECD Spectra of Acyclic Ketones With Front‐Octant Contributions
Authors: Shafiq Nusrat , Saleem Muhammad , Riaz Naheed , Tousif Muhammad Imran , Jabbar Abdul , Tareen Rasool Bakhsh , Pescitelli Gennaro 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTThe electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra of two sesquiterpenoids (1 and 2) related to oplopanone, obtained from a methanolic extract of the plant Serphidium stenocephalum (Artemisia stenocephala), were measured and reproduced by means of time‐dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations, establishing their absolute configuration. The application of ketone octant rule for carbonyl n‐π* ECD band to compounds 1 and 2, which include an acyclic carbonyl group, was critically assessed. The peculiar oplopanone skeleton makes a straightforward application of the octant rule impossible, because of the uncertainty related to the shape of the so‐called third nodal surface separating front and back octants. The various group contributions to the carbonyl n‐π* ECD band were estimated with TDDFT calculations on selected molecular models obtained by consecutive dissections from 1. Chirality 26:39–43, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The magnetic resonance myth of radio waves
Authors: Hoult D. I. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAn inaccurate description of magnetic resonance is current among those employing it in medicine and biology. The technique is purported to use radio waves for both stimulation of the sample and for reception of the ensuing signal. Arguments are presented which counter this myth, and using only magnetic fields, an accurate classical description of transmission and reception is given.