bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective effect of rutin on the antioxidant genes expression in hypercholestrolemic male Westar rat
Authors: Al-Rejaie Salem S , Aleisa Abdulaziz M , Sayed-Ahmed Mohamed M , AL-Shabanah Othman A , Abuohashish Hatem M , Ahmed Mohammed M , Al-Hosaini Khaled A , Hafez Mohamed M 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
High-cholesterol diet (HCD) increases the oxidative stress in different tissues leading to many diseases. Rutin (RT) is a natural flavonoid (vitamin p), which possesses an antioxidant activity with protective potential. The present study aimed to examine the potential effects of rutin on hypercholesterolemia-induced hepatotoxicity in rat.

Methods
Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: GI) control (Rat chow), GII) Rutin (0.2% in rat chow), GIII) HCD (1% cholesterol and 0.5% cholic acid in rat chow) and GIV) rutin (0.2%) + HCD.

Results
Rutin in combination with HCD induced a significant protective effect against the hepatotoxicity by reducing the plasma level of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The HCD (GII) showed a decrease in glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and increase in glutathione S transferase α (GSTα), sulfiredoxin-1(Srx1), glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL) and paraoxonase-1(PON-1) genes expression levels.

Conclusion
Treatment with rutin reversed all the altered genes induced by HCD nearly to the control levels. The present study concluded that the HCD feedings altered the expression levels of some genes involved in the oxidative stress pathway resulting in DNA damage and hepatotoxicity. Rutin have a hepatoprotective effect through the mechanism of enhancing the antioxidant effect via amelioration of oxidative stress genes.
Expression and role of PGP, BCRP, MRP1 and MRP3 in multidrug resistance of canine mammary cancer cells
Authors: Pawłowski Karol M , Mucha Joanna , Majchrzak Kinga , Motyl Tomasz , Król Magdalena 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
In both women and female dogs, the most prevalent type of malignant neoplasm is the spontaneous mammary tumor. In dogs, half of these are malignant. The treatment of choice for the canine patients is surgical mastectomy. Unfortunately, it often fails in high-risk, locally invasive mammary tumors as of during the time of the surgery the micro-metastases are present. Moreover, there are neither large studies conducting to prove of the benefit from the chemotherapy in dogs nor established chemotherapy treatment protocols available. Additionally, the effectiveness of each individual chemotherapeutic agent and drug resistance of canine mammary cancer have not yet been characterized. That has become the aim of our study, to assess the expression of PGP, BCRP, MRP1 and MRP3 in canine mammary cancer cell lines and to investigate their role in cancer resistance to vinblastine, cisplatin and cyclophosphamide with using RNAi approach.

Results
The results suggested that in canine mammary cancer, the vinblastine efflux was mediated by PGP and MRP1 proteins, cisplatin efflux was mediated by all four examined efflux pumps (PGP, BCRP, MRP1 and MRP3), whereas cyclophosphamide resistance was related to BCRP activity. RNAi silencing of these efflux pumps significantly decreased IC50 doses of the examined drugs in canine mammary carcinoma cells.

Conclusions
Our results have indicated the treatment of cells involving use of the siRNA targeting efflux pumps could be a beneficial approach in the future.
Ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for rapid analysis of trace organic contaminants in water
Authors: Anumol Tarun , Merel Sylvain , Clarke Bradley O , Snyder Shane A 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
The widespread utilization of organic compounds in modern society and their dispersion through wastewater have resulted in extensive contamination of source and drinking waters. The vast majority of these compounds are not regulated in wastewater outfalls or in drinking water while trace amounts of certain compounds can impact aquatic wildlife. Hence it is prudent to monitor these contaminants in water sources until sufficient toxicological data relevant to humans becomes available. A method was developed for the analysis of 36 trace organic contaminants (TOrCs) including pharmaceuticals, pesticides, steroid hormones (androgens, progestins, and glucocorticoids), personal care products and polyfluorinated compounds (PFCs) using a single solid phase extraction (SPE) technique with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The method was applied to a variety of water matrices to demonstrate method performance and reliability.

Results
UHPLC-MS/MS in both positive and negative electrospray ionization (ESI) modes was employed to achieve optimum sensitivity while reducing sample analysis time (<20 min) compared with previously published methods. The detection limits for most compounds was lower than 1.0 picogram on the column while reporting limits in water ranged from 0.1 to 15 ng/L based on the extraction of a 1 L sample and concentration to 1 mL. Recoveries in ultrapure water for most compounds were between 90-110%, while recoveries in surface water and wastewater were in the range of 39-121% and 38-141% respectively. The analytical method was successfully applied to analyze samples across several different water matrices including wastewater, groundwater, surface water and drinking water at different stages of the treatment. Among several compounds detected in wastewater, sucralose and TCPP showed the highest concentrations.

Conclusion
The proposed method is sensitive, rapid and robust; hence it can be used to analyze a large variety of trace organic compounds in different water matrixes.
Genome-wide expression profiling and functional characterization of SCA28 lymphoblastoid cell lines reveal impairment in cell growth and activation of apoptotic pathways
Authors: Mancini Cecilia , Roncaglia Paola , Brussino Alessandro , Stevanin Giovanni , Lo Buono Nicola , Krmac Helena , Maltecca Francesca , Gazzano Elena , Bartoletti Stella Anna , Calvaruso Maria Antonietta , Iommarini Luisa , Cagnoli Claudia , Forlani Sylvie , Le Ber Isabelle , Durr Alexandra , Brice Alexis , Ghigo Dario , Casari Giorgio , Porcelli Anna Maria , Funaro Ada , Gasparre Giuseppe , Gustincich Stefano , Brusco Alfredo 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
SCA28 is an autosomal dominant ataxia associated with AFG3L2 gene mutations. We performed a whole genome expression profiling using lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from four SCA28 patients and six unrelated healthy controls matched for sex and age.

Methods
Gene expression was evaluated with the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Genome U133A 2.0 Arrays and data were validated by real-time PCR.

Results
We found 66 genes whose expression was statistically different in SCA28 LCLs, 35 of which were up-regulated and 31 down-regulated. The differentially expressed genes were clustered in five functional categories: (1) regulation of cell proliferation; (2) regulation of programmed cell death; (3) response to oxidative stress; (4) cell adhesion, and (5) chemical homeostasis. To validate these data, we performed functional experiments that proved an impaired SCA28 LCLs growth compared to controls (p < 0.005), an increased number of cells in the G0/G1 phase (p < 0.001), and an increased mortality because of apoptosis (p < 0.05). We also showed that respiratory chain activity and reactive oxygen species levels was not altered, although lipid peroxidation in SCA28 LCLs was increased in basal conditions (p < 0.05). We did not detect mitochondrial DNA large deletions. An increase of TFAM, a crucial protein for mtDNA maintenance, and of DRP1, a key regulator of mitochondrial dynamic mechanism, suggested an alteration of fission/fusion pathways.

Conclusions
Whole genome expression profiling, performed on SCA28 LCLs, allowed us to identify five altered functional categories that characterize the SCA28 LCLs phenotype, the first reported in human cells to our knowledge.
“Post partum hemorrhage: causes and management”
Authors: Edhi Muhammad Muzzammil , Aslam Hafiz Muhammad , Naqvi Zehra , Hashmi Haleema 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Post partum hemorrhage is defined as blood loss of 500 ml or above. It is the most common cause of pre-mature mortality of women world wide. Our objective was to evaluate the most common etiology and method of management of Post partum Hemorrhage in a tertiary care hospital of Karachi.

Findings
It was a cross sectional study conducted at Liaquat National Hospital Karachi, during the period of July 2011 to May 2012. Review include mode of delivery, possible cause of postpartum hemorrhage, supportive, medical and surgical interventions. All the women admitted with post partum hemorrhage or develop PPH in hospital after delivery were included in our study. Bleeding disorder and use of anticoagulants were set as exclusion criteria. Diagnosis was made on the basis of blood loss assessment which was made via subjective and objective evaluation.
During the targeted months, out of total 1493 deliveries (26/1493 = 1.741%) 26 cases of post partum hemorrhage were reported with a mean age of 26.153 ± 7.37. No deaths were reported and all cases were referred and unbooked cases. All Patients were conscious, tachycardiac and hypotensive. Most of the women were suffering from hemorrhage during or after the birth of their 1st child. Primary post partum hemorrhage emerge as the most common type of post partum hemorrhage and uterine atony was detected as the most common cause of primary post partum hemorrhage. Retained products of conception was the most common cause of secondary post partum hemorrhage and hysterectomy was found to be the most frequent method of management of post partum hemorrhage.

Conclusion
This study highlights the existing variable practices for the management of postpartum hemorrhage. Hemorrhage associated morbidity and mortality can be prevented by critical judgment, early referral and resuscitation by attendants. Introduction of an evidence-based management model can potentially reduce the practice variability and improve the quality of care.
Guidelines for the management of people with foot health problems related to rheumatoid arthritis: a survey of their use in podiatry practice
Authors: Williams Anita E , Graham Andrea S , Davies Samantha , Bowen Catherine J 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundIn the last decade there has been a significant expansion in the body of knowledge on the effects of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on the foot and the management of these problems. Aligned with this has been the development of specialist clinical roles for podiatrists. However, despite being recommended by national guidelines, specialist podiatrists are scarce. In order to inform non‐specialist podiatrists of the appropriate interventions for these foot problems, management guidelines have been developed and disseminated by a group of specialist podiatrists. The aim of this survey was to investigate the use of these guidelines in clinical practice.MethodFollowing ethical approval an online questionnaire survey was carried out. The questions were formulated from a focus group and comprised fixed response and open response questions. The survey underwent cognitive testing with two podiatrists before being finalised. An inductive approach using thematic analysis was used with the qualitative data.Results245 questionnaires were completed (128–non‐specialist working in the private sector, 101 non–specialists working in the NHS and 16 specialist podiatrists). Overall, 97% of the non‐specialists (n = 222) had not heard of the guidelines. The non‐specialists identified other influences on their management of people with RA, such as their undergraduate training and professional body branch meetings. Three main themes emerged from the qualitative data: (i) the benefits of the foot health management guidelines, (ii) the barriers to the use of guidelines generally and (iii) the features of useable clinical guidelines.ConclusionsThis study has revealed some crucial information about podiatrists' level of engagement with the foot health management guidelines and the use of guidelines in general. Specifically, the non‐specialist podiatrists were less likely to use the foot health management guidelines than the specialist podiatrists. The positive aspects were that for the specialist practitioners, the guidelines helped them to identify their professional development needs and for the few non‐specialists that did use them, they enabled appropriate referral to the rheumatology team for foot health management. The barriers to their use included a lack of understanding of the risk associated with managing people with RA and that guidelines can be too long and detailed for use in clinical practice. Suggestions are made for improving the implementation of foot health guidelines.
Evaluation of Human Papillomavirus Antibodies and Risk of Subsequent Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Kreimer Aimée R. , Johansson Mattias , Waterboer Tim , Kaaks Rudolf , Chang-Claude Jenny , Drogen Dagmar , Tjønneland Anne , Overvad Kim , Quirós J. Ramón , González Carlos A. , Sánchez Maria José , Larrañaga Nerea , Navarro Carmen , Barricarte Aurelio , Travis Ruth C. , Khaw Kay-Tee , Wareham Nick , Trichopoulou Antonia , Lagiou Pagona , Trichopoulos Dimitrios , Peeters Petra H.M. , Panico Salvatore , Masala Giovanna , Grioni Sara , Tumino Rosario , Vineis Paolo , Bueno-de-Mesquita H. Bas , Laurell Göran , Hallmans Göran , Manjer Jonas , Ekström Johanna , Skeie Guri , Lund Eiliv , Weiderpass Elisabete , Ferrari Pietro , Byrnes Graham , Romieu Isabelle , Riboli Elio , Hildesheim Allan , Boeing Heiner , Pawlita Michael , Brennan Paul 
Published: June 2013

Purpose Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) infection is causing an increasing number of oropharyngeal cancers in the United States and Europe. The aim of our study was to investigate whether HPV antibodies are associated with head and neck cancer risk when measured in prediagnostic sera. Methods We identified 638 participants with incident head and neck cancers (patients; 180 oral cancers, 135 oropharynx cancers, and 247 hypopharynx/larynx cancers) and 300 patients with esophageal cancers as well as 1,599 comparable controls from within the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Prediagnostic plasma samples from patients (collected, on average, 6 years before diagnosis) and control participants were analyzed for antibodies against multiple proteins of HPV16 as well as HPV6, HPV11, HPV18, HPV31, HPV33, HPV45, and HPV52. Odds ratios (ORs) of cancer and 95% CIs were calculated, adjusting for potential confounders. All-cause mortality was evaluated among patients using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results HPV16 E6 seropositivity was present in prediagnostic samples for 34.8% of patients with oropharyngeal cancer and 0.6% of controls (OR, 274; 95% CI, 110 to 681) but was not associated with other cancer sites. The increased risk of oropharyngeal cancer among HPV16 E6 seropositive participants was independent of time between blood collection and diagnosis and was observed more than 10 years before diagnosis. The all-cause mortality ratio among patients with oropharyngeal cancer was 0.30 (95% CI, 0.13 to 0.67), for patients who were HPV16 E6 seropositive compared with seronegative. Conclusion HPV16 E6 seropositivity was present more than 10 years before diagnosis of oropharyngeal cancers.
Association of Polymorphism rs198977 in Human Kallikrein-2 Gene (KLK2) with Susceptibility of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Lishan 
Published: June 2013

Objectives
To assess the association of polymorphism rs198977 in the human kallikrein-2 gene (KLK2) and risk of prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods
Two investigators independently searched the PubMed, Elsevier, EMBASE, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for rs198977 and PCa were calculated in a fixed-effects model (the Mantel-Haenszel method) and a random-effects model (the DerSimonian and Laird method) when appropriate.

Results
Six studies met the inclusion criteria in this meta-analysis, which included 5859 PCa cases and 4867 controls. Overall, rs198977 was associated with the PCa risk (TT+CT vs. CC, pooled OR = 1.163, 95% CI = 1.076–1.258, P-value <0.0001). When stratified by ethnicity, significant association was observed in Caucasian samples under both allele comparison (T vs. C, pooled OR = 1.152, 95% CI = 1.079–1.229, P-value <0.0001) and dominant model (TT+CT vs. CC, pooled OR = 1.197, 95% CI = 1.104–1.297, P-value <0.0001). In the overall analysis, a comparably significant increase in the frequency of allele T for rs198977 was detected between cases and controls in Caucasian.

Conclusion
This meta-analysis suggests that rs198977 of KLK2 was associated with susceptibility of PCa in Caucasian and the allele T might increase the risk of PCa in Caucasian.
The estrogen-related receptors and the adipocyte
Authors: Carnesecchi Julie , Vanacker Jean-Marc 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The estrogen-related receptors (ERRα, β, and γ) are orphan members of the nuclear receptor superfamily. ERRα and γ are highly expressed in tissues displaying elevated energy demands and are involved in several aspects of energetic metabolism, which they regulate mostly in association with members of the PGC-1 coactivator family. These activities have mostly been documented in the liver, heart, or skeletal muscle. ERRα and γ are also highly expressed in adipocytes. Their precise roles in this cell type are less documented, although published data indicate that they contribute to cell differentiation as well as functionality. This review describes these activities.
On Cannon–Thurston maps for relatively hyperbolic groups
Authors: Matsuda Yoshifumi , Oguni Shin-ichi 
Published: June 2013

Abstract.Baker and Riley gave an inclusion of a free group of rank 3 in a hyperbolic group for which the Cannon–Thurston map is not well-defined. By using their result, we show that every non-elementary hyperbolic group can be included in some hyperbolic group in such a way that the Cannon–Thurston map is not well-defined. In fact we generalize their result to every non-elementary relatively hyperbolic group.
Modification of PET fabrics by hyperbranched polymer: a comparative study of artificial neural networks (ANN) and statistical approach
Authors: Hasanzadeh Mahdi , Moieni Tahereh , Moghadam Bentolhoda Hadavi 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Hyperbranched polymers (HBPs) are highly branched, three-dimensional and polydisperse macromolecules and have been employed for modification of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabrics. The PET fabrics treatment process parameters, like HBP concentration, temperature and time, play a major role in treatment yield and dyeability of treated PET fabrics by acid dyes. Two different quantitative models, comprising response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural networks (ANN), were developed for predicting color strength (K/S value) of treated fabrics. The experiments were conducted based on central composite design (CCD) and a mathematical model was developed. A comparison of the predicted color strength using RSM and ANN was studied. The results obtained indicated that both RSM and ANN models show a very good relationship between the experimental and predicted response values. However, the ANN model shows more accurate results than the RSM model.
Stammdaten im Engineering
Authors: Sokolov Sergiy , Diedrich Christian 
Published: June 2013

Zusammenfassung
Unschärfen in der Datenbedeutung resultieren in subjektiver Dateninterpretation im Engineering. Somit sind Methoden gefragt, um Datensemantik sowie deren Entstehungsprozess abzulegen. Ein großes Anwendungspotenzial liegt hierbei im Einsatz von Datenkatalogen, die die Struktur dieser Daten, deren Eigenschaften und Bedeutung beschreiben. Die Festlegung deren Inhalte soll nach Kriterien der Allgemeingültigkeit und zeitlicher Stabilität erfolgen. In diesem Beitrag wird dafür das Stammdatenkonzept vorgeschlagen. Anschließend wird der Bezug von Stammdaten zu den Engineering-Vorgängen diskutiert.
SiC monolithically integrated wavelength selector with 4 channels
Authors: Vieira M. , Vieira M. A. , Silva V. , Louro P. , Costa J. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTIn this paper we present a monolithically integrated wavelength selector based on a double pin/pin a-SiC:H integrated optical active filter that requires optical switches to select visible wavelengths. Red, green, blue and violet pulsed communication channels are transmitted together, each one with a specific bit sequence. The combined optical signal is analyzed by reading out the generated photocurrent, under violet (400 nm) background applied either from the front or the back side of the device. The front and back backgrounds acts as channel selectors that selects one or more channels by splitting portions of the input multi-channel optical signals across the front and the back photodiodes. The transfer characteristics effects due to changes irradiation side are presented. The relationship between the optical inputs and the corresponding digital output levels is established through a 16-element look-up table to perform the optoelectronic conversion.Results show that the wavelength selector acts as a reconfigurable active filter that enhances the spectral sensitivity in a specific wavelength range and quenched it in the others, tuning a specific band. A binary weighted RGBV code that takes into account the specific weights assigned to each bit position is presented and establishes the optoelectronic functions.
Ipilimumab and Its Toxicities: A Multidisciplinary Approach
Authors: Fecher Leslie A. , Agarwala Sanjiv S. , Hodi F. Stephen , Weber Jeffrey S. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The treatment for metastatic melanoma has evolved significantly in the past few years. Ipilimumab, an immunotherapy, is now in mainstream oncology practice given that it has shown improved overall survival in randomized clinical trials. Other immune modulating agents, such as programmed death receptor-1 and programmed death receptor ligand-1 antibodies, are showing promise in early clinical trials. This manuscript will review ipilimumab and its most common side effects. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are important to recognize early, and their presentation, timing of onset, and general recommendations for workup and management will be reviewed. Assembling a multidisciplinary team, as well as thorough education of the patient, is recommended to optimize patient care.