bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The plant‐specific transcription factor gene NAC103 is induced by bZIP60 through a new cis‐regulatory element to modulate the unfolded protein response in Arabidopsis
Authors: Sun Ling , Yang Zheng‐Ting , Song Ze‐Ting , Wang Mei‐Jing , Sun Le , Lu Sun‐Jie , Liu Jian‐Xiang 
Published: July 2013

SummaryThe unfolded protein response (UPR) plays important roles in plant development and plant–pathogen interactions, as well as in plant adaptation to adverse environmental stresses. Previously bZIP28 and bZIP60 have been identified as important UPR regulators for mitigating the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here we report the biological function of NAC103 in a novel transcriptional regulatory cascade, connecting bZIP60 to the UPR downstream genes in Arabidopsis. Expression of NAC103 was induced by ER stress, and was completely abolished in the bZIP60 null mutant. A new ER stress‐responsive cis‐element UPRE–III (TCATCG) on the NAC103 promoter was identified, and trans‐activation of UPRE–III by bZIP60 was confirmed in both yeast cells and Arabidopsis protoplasts. The direct binding of bZIP60 to UPRE–III‐containing DNA was also demonstrated in an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. NAC103 formed homodimers in yeast two‐hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. It had transcriptional activation activity and was localized in the nucleus. Over‐expression of NAC103 had pleiotropic effects on plant growth, and induced expression of several UPR downstream genes in Arabidopsis under normal growth conditions. The activation of UPR gene promoters by NAC103 was also confirmed in effector/reporter protoplast assays. Thus, our study demonstrates a transcriptional regulatory cascade in which NAC103 relays ER stress signals from bZIP60 to UPR downstream genes through a newly identified ER stress cis‐element (UPRE–III) and transcriptional activation activity of its encoded protein NAC103.
Phosphorylation of S344 in the calmodulin‐binding domain negatively affects CCaMK function during bacterial and fungal symbioses
Authors: Routray Pratyush , Miller J. Benjamin , Du Liqun , Oldroyd Giles , Poovaiah B. W. 
Published: July 2013

SummaryCalcium and Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase (CCaMK) plays a critical role in the signaling pathway that establishes root nodule symbiosis and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Calcium‐dependent autophosphorylation is central to the regulation of CCaMK, and this has been shown to promote calmodulin binding. Here, we report a regulatory mechanism of Medicago truncatula CCaMK (MtCCaMK) through autophosphorylation of S344 in the calmodulin‐binding/autoinhibitory domain. The phospho‐ablative mutation S344A did not have significant effect on its kinase activities, and supports root nodule symbiosis and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, indicating that phosphorylation at this position is not required for establishment of symbioses. The phospho‐mimic mutation S344D show drastically reduced calmodulin‐stimulated substrate phosphorylation, and this coincides with a compromised interaction with calmodulin and its interacting partner, IPD3. Functional complementation tests revealed that the S344D mutation blocked root nodule symbiosis and reduced the mycorrhizal association. Furthermore, S344D was shown to suppress the spontaneous nodulation associated with a gain‐of‐function mutant of MtCCaMK (T271A), revealing that phosphorylation at S344 of MtCCaMK is adequate for shutting down its activity, and is epistatic over previously identified T271 autophosphorylation. These results reveal a mechanism that enables CCaMK to ‘turn off’ its function through autophosphorylation.
TIME FOR COFFEE is an essential component in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Sanchez‐Villarreal Alfredo , Shin Jieun , Bujdoso Nora , Obata Toshihiro , Neumann Ulla , Du Shen‐Xiu , Ding Zhaojun , Davis Amanda M. , Shindo Takayuki , Schmelzer Elmon , Sulpice Ronan , Nunes‐Nesi Adriano , Stitt Mark , Fernie Alisdair R. , Davis Seth J. 
Published: July 2013

SummaryPlants often respond to environmental changes by reprogramming metabolic and stress‐associated pathways. Homeostatic integration of signaling is a central requirement for ensuring metabolic stability in living organisms. Under diurnal conditions, properly timed rhythmic metabolism provides fitness benefits to plants. TIME FOR COFFEE (TIC) is a circadian regulator known to be involved in clock resetting at dawn. Here we explored the mechanism of influence of TIC in plant growth and development, as initiated by a microarray analysis. This global profiling showed that a loss of TIC function causes a major reprogramming of gene expression that predicts numerous developmental, metabolic, and stress‐related phenotypes. This led us to demonstrate that this mutant exhibits late flowering, a plastochron defect, and diverse anatomical phenotypes. We further observed a starch‐excess phenotype and altered soluble carbohydrate levels. tic exhibited hypersensitivity to oxidative stress and abscisic acid, and this was associated with a striking resistance to drought. These phenotypes were connected to an increase in total glutathione levels that correlated with a readjustment of amino acids and polyamine pools. By comparatively analyzing our transcriptomic and metabolomic data, we concluded that TIC is a central element in plant homeostasis that integrates and coordinates developmental, metabolic, and environmental signals.
Cutaneous lesions associated with dual infection caused by canine distemper virus and orthopoxvirus in a domestic cat
Authors: Wiener Dominique J. , Welle Monika M. , Origgi Francesco C. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundWithin the context of an increased epidemiological pressure caused by canine distemper virus (CDV) in Switzerland together with a potential re‐emergence of endemic pathogens such as orthopoxviruses (OPXV), dual infections are possible among susceptible species.ObjectiveTo describe a case of concurrent CDV and OPXV infection in a cat.AnimalA 5‐year‐old, neutered male cat was presented with erythema, crusts and ulcerations around the left eye. High‐grade pruritus and a severe conjunctivitis were also present.MethodsFormalin‐fixed skin biopsy samples were obtained from lesional skin. Histopathology, CDV immunohistochemistry and CDV and OPXV RT‐PCR were performed.ResultsHistopathological examination showed severe epidermal necrosis extending to the follicular walls and a dermal infiltration, predominantly eosinophilic. Intranuclear and intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusion bodies were visible in the wall of affected hair follicles, with occasional formation of syncytia. The RT‐PCR revealed the contextual presence of both CDV and OPXV. Scattered cells stained positive for CDV by immunohistochemistry.Conclusion and discussionDual infections with CDV and OPXV, although rare, may occur and represent additional differential diagnoses for ulcerative skin lesions in cats.
Effect of Continuous Direct Current on the Yield Stress of Stainless Steel 304 Micro Tubes During Hydroforming Operations
Authors: Wagner Scott W. , Ng Kenny , Emblom William J. , Camelio Jaime A. 
Published: July 2013

Hydroforming at the macro scale offers the opportunity to create products that have superior mechanical properties and intricate complex geometries. Micro tube hydroforming is a process that is gaining popularity for similar reasons. At the same time, due to the physical size of the operations, there are many challenges including working with extremely high pressures and available materials that are typically difficult to form.
Increasing the formability of micro tubes during the hydroforming process is desired. Being able to increase the formability is essential because as the tube diameters decrease in size, the required forming pressure increases. As a result, it is important to explore methods to decrease the yield stress during forming operations. Traditional methods for decreasing the materials yield stress typically involve heating either the sample or the process equipment. Using traditional methods typically sacrifice dimensional quality of the part, alter the mechanical properties and also raise the costs of the operations.
Electrically Assisted Manufacturing (EAM) is a non-traditional method that is gaining popularity by reducing the necessary forces and pressures required in metal forming operations.
Sensitivities When Modeling Electrically-Assisted Forming
Authors: Bunget Cristina J. , Salandro Wesley A. , Mears Laine 
Published: July 2013

Recent research by the authors has resulted in the conception of several methods of accounting for direct electrical effects during an Electrically-Assisted Manufacturing (EAM) process, where electricity is applied to a conductive workpiece to enhance its formability characteristics. The modeling and analysis strategy accounts for both mechanical effects and heat transfer effects due to the applied electrical power.
This work presents a sensitivity analysis and explanation of several key material and process inputs during an Electrically-Assisted Forming (EAF) test on Stainless Steel 304 and Titanium Grades 2 and 5 specimens. First, the effect that the specific heat (Cp) value has on the model will be discussed and compared with another lightweight material. Second, the significance of all three heat transfer modes (conduction, convection, and radiation) will be noted, and any possible simplifications to the existing heat transfer model will be highlighted. Third, the general electroplastic effect coefficient (EEC) profile shape for the Stainless Steel 304 material will be compared to that of Titanium alloys. Fourth, a frequency analysis will be done on the data taken during the experiments, by way of a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), and the variation of frequency response with the electric input is studied.
Overall, this work provides insight into several factors affecting a material’s EEC profile, and also compares resulting EEC profiles of various materials.
A Study on the Performance of Rolling Oil During Cold Rolling of Stainless Steel Simulating Industrial Condition
Authors: Mahapatra R. , Singh Rait Jaspal , Pappy Samuel , Singh Inder , Kumar Ajay , Saxena Deepak , Martin V. , Malhotra R. K. 
Published: July 2013

The primary role of rolling oil in cold rolling is to reduce friction at the rubbing interface of the work roll and metal sheet surface. The rolling performance as well as cost effectiveness of rolled products is influenced by quality of the rolling oil. Lubricants are required to function under increasingly stressful operating conditions, so it is a challenge to evaluate the product under simulated conditions to improve the customer confidence in its performance.
A steel rolling mill customer had requested us to develop a rolling oil to roll stainless steel in a new 3-stand 18-high rolling mill and demonstrate its performance on an experimental set up. The present paper describes the methodology adopted to assess the suitability of a rolling oil for the particular rolling mill. The screening was carried out with a SRV (Schwingungs Reibungs und Verschleisstest, meaning Vibration, friction and Abrasion) tribometer and EHD (Elasto-hydrodynamic) interferometry based film thickness apparatus to assess the frictional and film forming characteristics of the oil under simulated operating conditions. In addition, simulated tests were carried out on a laboratory 2-Hi Experimental rolling mill to find out the specific roll force (rolling force per unit width of the strip being rolled) required to obtain 55–60% cumulative reduction in three passes as desired by the customer for different grades of stainless steel. Based on results obtained in the laboratory mill simulating industrial test conditions, the product was recommended and was accepted by the customer for use in their rolling mill.
PneuViz: MTConnect Compliant Compressed Air Monitoring Application
Authors: Atluru Sri , Deshpande Amit , Huang Sam , Pieper Ron 
Published: July 2013

Compressed air is regarded as the fourth largest utility in the manufacturing industry behind electricity, natural gas and water. It is used in a wide variety of pneumatic, mechanical and maintenance applications in every manufacturing facility. However, very little efforts have been made in trying to monitor and optimize the utilization of compressed air. Hence, a project was conducted to study and analyze the utilization of compressed air under various scenarios that are typical during metal cutting operation in a manufacturing facility.
PneuViz application was developed using LabVIEW programming package to monitor and analyze the results. PneuViz was seamlessly linked with the MTConnect data being broadcasted on the corporate network. PneuViz provides drill down capability to analyze cost of compressed air on a per part, per machine, and per customer order. Monitoring the utilization of compressed air by a stand-alone Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine as well as the overall utilization on the shop floor was facilitated by the use of a sensor system comprising of a flow meter, Data Acquisition Device (DAQ), and a power sensor (load meter). MTConnect was used to enable plug-and-play functionality across the various machines on the shop floor. This was implemented by developing a system of MTConnect adapters that were able to capture the raw sensor data and broadcast it over the Ethernet network.
Subsequently, analysis was carried out over various scenarios to determine the cost, energy and carbon footprint impact of the compressed air usage on the manufacturing shop floor.
Constrained Mixture Models of Arterial Homeostasis and Adaptation
Authors: Humphrey J. D. 
Published: July 2013

Phenomenological models of the mechanical behavior of the arterial wall continue to play important roles in vascular mechanics. Indeed, such models revealed the importance of residual stresses in homogenizing the transmural distribution of stress in normalcy [1], which in turn led to one of the most important hypotheses in vascular mechanobiology — the existence of a mechanical homeostasis [2]. Nevertheless, classical models are not able to exploit the growing information on the different mechanical properties and rates and extents of turnover of different structurally significant constituents within the arterial wall. To address this need, we have proposed a structurally-motivated, materially nonuniform model of the arterial wall based on a theory of constrained mixtures [cf. 3]. Key features of this model include the ability to prescribe individual stored energy functions for different structurally significant constituents that are constrained to move together within the overall wall while being allowed to possess individual evolving natural (stress-free) configurations, and the ability to prescribe separate stress-mediated constitutive relations for constituent production and removal.
We have shown that this constrained mixture approach can capture many salient features of arterial adaptations (e.g., evolving changes in geometry, overall material behavior, and collagen to elastin ratios) to both altered mechanical loading (e.g., altered blood flow and pressure as well as axial stretch) and disease progression (e.g., enlargement of intracranial aneurysms and the development and resolution of cerebral vasospasm). We submit that, in contrast to models built on the assumption of kinematic growth, this constrained mixture approach can incorporate increasingly detailed biological information on cell and matrix turnover and can thereby begin to generate and test novel hypotheses on mechanisms of arterial homeostasis and adaptation. We will show, for example, that the constrained mixture model suggests a possible mechanism for the origin of residual stresses and axial prestretches, the importance of cellular deposition of new extracellular matrix proteins within stressed states, the complementary roles of vasoactivity and matrix remodeling, and stress mediation of matrix turnover [4,5]. We note, in particular, the importance of residual stress and axial prestress in establishing arterial homeostasis and thus targets for subsequent adaptations [5,6].
Pulsating Fluid Flows Undergoing Transitions Between Laminar, Transitional, and Turbulent Regimes
Authors: Abraham John P. , Sparrow Eph M. , Lovik Ryan D. 
Published: July 2013

The two major fluid flow systems of the human body, blood circulation and respiration, experience timewise pulsations. The variations of the fluid velocity during a pulsation/respiration cycle give rise to transitions in the flow regime during the course of a cycle. At the lowest fluid velocity encountered in the cycle, it is likely that the flow is laminar. As the velocity increases, the laminar regime may transist into a regime called transitional intermittent. Further increases in velocity may lead either to the fully developed intermittent regime or to the fully developed turbulent regime. Once the velocity attains a maximum and begins to decrease, the process of laminarization may be initiated wherein a succession of flow regimes may occur in opposite order to that described in the foregoing.
The current capabilities of numerical simulation are limited to a single, user-specified flow regime, either laminar or turbulent. Consequently, the successive spontaneous flow regime transitions encountered in human-body fluid flows have been heretofore beyond the reach of biomedical investigators. Indeed, a thoroughgoing literature review failed to unearth any biomedical-oriented publications in which flow regime transitions have been taken into account.
The present investigation is aimed at applying, for the first time, a flow transition model previously developed for steady flows to unsteady flows. The flows to be considered are timewise periodic, with amplitudes, periods, and mean values appropriate to blood flows in large arteries. Special consideration will be given to the magnitudes of the wall shear stresses that are created by such flows, since the accumulation of plaque depends decisively on the shear. The work will also take account of variations in the flow geometry.
Quantitative Validation of a Finite Element Model of a Knee-Thigh-Hip Complex of a 50th Percentile Male
Authors: Mongiardini Mario , Silvestri Chiara , Ray Malcolm H. 
Published: July 2013

Traditionally the validation process of FE models is carried on by visually comparing two curves, respectively from an experimental test and the numerical simulation. A more rigorous way to quantitative compare two curves in the validation process would be provided by comparison metrics.
In this work the component validation of the Finite Element model of a Knee-Thigh-Hip complex was carried on by quantitatively comparing the results from the experimental tests with the corresponding numerical curves. An LSDYNA finite element model of the lower extremities was developed and the condyle, pelvis and femur and components were carefully validated using three comparison metrics. The good match.
Human Tibial Cartilage Reveals Non-Linear and Non-Uniform Regional Topography Under Physiological Loading Rates
Authors: Deneweth Jessica M. , Newman Kelly E. , Sylvia Stephen M. , McLean Scott G. , Arruda Ellen M. 
Published: July 2013

Nearly 3% of individuals worldwide experience pain, immobility, and compromised quality of life due to knee osteoarthritis (OA)1. It has been widely accepted that joint mechanics play a critical role in the initiation and progression of knee OA2. A shift away from the normal joint motion, for example due to injury or malalignment, is believed to produce an abnormal pattern of cartilage loading that creates unusual and damaging stresses within the tissue. Accurate knowledge of cartilage’s normal mechanical response to physiological loading—and particularly the regional dependence of this response—is critical to successfully testing this theory. To our knowledge, little is known about the regionally-dependent mechanical response of healthy human tibial cartilage under physiological loading conditions. There is also a compelling need for more accurate cartilage data to be integrated into computational simulations of the knee joint. Hence, the purpose of this study was two-fold:
1) to characterize the typical stress-strain response of tibial cartilage at 21 locations across the tibial plateau when subjected to loading representative of human walking, and
2) to demonstrate that these 21 sites can be reduced to a small number of regions displaying significantly different average moduli.
Complete Nucleotide Sequence of Porcine Circovirus 2 Isolated from Piglets in China
Authors: Hu Xiaoliang , Tian Zhige , Peng Bo , Chen Hui , Qu Juanjuan 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT
A new strain of canine distemper virus, strain HX, has been isolated from piglets in China, and its complete genome has been sequenced and analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that HX belongs to the 2d genotype cluster and it is highly prevalent in China.
Full Genome Sequence of a Natural Reassortant H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus Isolated from Domestic Ducks in Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: Zhao Mingjun , Liu Qingtao , Sun Qing , Zhang Wenjun , Zhao Guo , Gu Min , Wang Xiaoquan , Hu Shunlin , Liu Xiaowen , Liu Xiufan 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT
In this study, the complete genomic sequence of a novel reassortant H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) from domestic ducks in eastern China was reported. Phylogenetic analysis showed that seven of the eight genes were all highly homologous to the chicken-origin H9N2 viruses, whereas the PB2 gene was homologous to the human-origin H1N1 virus, which suggested that domestic ducks might play a key role in the genetic reassortment and evolution of H9N2 AIVs in eastern China.
Complete Genome Sequence of Avian Influenza Virus A/chicken/Jiangsu/1001/2013(H5N2), Demonstrating Continuous Reassortance of H5N2 in China
Authors: Mi Zhiqiang , Liu Wei , Fan Hang , An Xiaoping , Pei Guangqian , Wang Wei , Xu Xiaomeng , Ma Maijuan , Zhang Zhiyi , Cao Wuchun , Tong Yigang 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT
Avian influenza virus A/chicken/Jiangsu/1001/2013(H5N2) was identified from a healthy chicken in an eastern China poultry market. Whole-genome analysis demonstrated that the H5N2 virus originated from a reassortance between a previous A/chicken/Hebei/1102/2010(H5N2) virus and an endemic H5N1 virus. The results indicated that continuing reassortance of H5N2 has been occurring in domestic poultry of China.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Hydrogen- and Ethanol-Producing Anaerobic Alkalithermophilic Bacterium
Caloramator celer
Authors: Ciranna Alessandro , Larjo Antti , Kivistö Anniina , Santala Ville , Roos Christophe , Karp Matti 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT

Caloramator celer
strain JW/YL-NZ35 is a Gram-positive thermophilic, alkalitolerant, and strictly anaerobic bacterium capable of producing hydrogen and ethanol under extreme conditions. The draft genome sequence presented here will provide valuable information to further explore the physiology of this species and its potential for biofuel production.
Genome Sequence of Streptomyces violaceusniger Strain SPC6, a Halotolerant Streptomycete That Exhibits Rapid Growth and Development
Authors: Chen Ximing , Zhang Binglin , Zhang Wei , Wu Xiukun , Zhang Manxiao , Chen Tuo , Liu Guangxiu , Dyson Paul 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT

Streptomyces violaceus
niger

strain SPC6 is a halotolerant streptomycete isolated from the Linze desert in China. The strain has a very high growth rate and a short life cycle for a streptomycete. For surface-grown cultures, the period from spore germination to formation of colonies with mature spore chains is only 2 days at 37°C. Additionally, the strain is remarkably resistant to osmotic, heat, and UV stress compared with other streptomycetes. Analysis of the draft genome sequence indicates that the strain has the smallest reported genome (6.4 Mb) of any streptomycete. The availability of this genome sequence allows us to investigate the genetic basis of adaptation for growth in an extremely arid environment.