bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Neurocognitive Functions of Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with Pediatric Bipolar Disorder and Disruptive Mood Dysregulation and at High Risk for Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Yenen Sivri I. , Çöp E. , Can K. C. , Yenen Menderes A. S. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPediatric Bipolar Disorder (BPD) is a chronic psychiatric disorder that alters normal and psychological development processes among patients. Although cognitive deficits in BPD have identified in recent studies, little is known about the developmental trajectory of these deficits. DMDD is a newly defined diagnosis included in the DSM-V. Since it added a new dimension to the clinical spectrum but few studies conducted on DMDD, there are some conflicting discussions in the literature about how to distinguish this disorder from other childhood psychiatric disorders and how to treat it.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the phenomenological and neuropsychological differences between children and adolescents with a diagnosis of BPD (Pediatric Bipolar Disorder), DMDD (Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder), and children and adolescents who are genetically at high risk for Bipolar Disorder (BD), and healthy controls (HCs) who do not have any psychiatric diagnosis, to investigate endophenotypes that may be predictive for BD.MethodsOur study sample consists of four groups, the BPD group (n=30), the Risk group (n=25), the DMDD group (n=36), and the Healthy Control group (n=29). All participants were evaluated by the “Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children—Now and Lifetime Pattern (K-SADS-PL)”. “Young Mania Rating Scale/Parent Form (YMRS-ABF), Conner’s Parent Rating Scale (CPRS-48), Child and Adolescent Behavior Rating Scale (CBCL)” scales were filled by parents, and “Child Depression Inventory (CDI), Youth Self-Report Form for 11-18 Years Olds (YSR)” scales were filled by children and adolescents. Neurocognitive test battery was applied to each participant: Continuous Performance Test (CPT), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT), Trait Making Test A and B sections (TMT-A/B), California Verbal Learning Test-Child version (CVLT-C).ResultsWhile it was determined that the cases in the BPD and DMDD groups performed significantly worse in CPT, SCWT, CVLT-C, TMT A/B tests compared to healthy controls, it was found that the subjects in the Risk group performed worse at the CPT test than healthy controls. In addition, the cases in the BPD, Risk and DMDD groups reported more clinical and behavioral problems than the healthy controls.ConclusionsThere is a significant deterioration in the areas of continuous attention, processing speed, cognitive flexibility, response prevention, verbal memory and working memory in the BPD and DMDD groups, and in the continuous attention area in the Risk group compared to healthy controls. Prospective follow-up and imaging studies using larger samples and a larger neurocognitive test battery in the future will better reveal the neuropsychological characteristics of the BPD, Risk and DMDD groups.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The psychosocial assessment of heart transplant candidates in Ireland
Authors: Corrigan K. , Crudden G. , Clarke A. M. , Doherty A. , Duffy R. , Azvee Z. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionWe aim to describe the psychosocial features, including Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment for transplantation (SIPAT) scores of individuals undergoing assessment for heart transplantation in Ireland.ObjectivesAll potential heart transplant candidates undergo assessment of psychosocial criteria to enhance selection and improve transplant outcomes. The Mater Hospital Consultation Liaison Psychiatry (CLP) department provides this national service in Ireland. All potential heart transplant candidates should receive a biopsychosocial assessment and screening via SIPAT tool as per international best practice. The SIPAT is a psychosocial evaluation and risk assessment tool which can help to determine suitability for organ transplant and identify modifiable risk factors to optimise a patient for transplant. Lower scores represent higher rates of suitability with a score < 21 representing an acceptable candidate and ≥21 minimally acceptable.MethodsWe retrospectively examined the clinical files of all individuals referred to the national centre for heart transplant assessment over a five-year study period between January 2014 and December 2019.ResultsOne-hundred and fifty four individuals were referred for heart transplant assessment with 79% (n=122/154) listed for a heart transplant. The most common indication for heart transplant assessment was non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy (48%, n=74/154). Of those listed for transplant, 74% (n=90/122) went on to receive a heart transplant. Of those undergoing assessment for heart transplant, 92% (142/154) were assessed by CLP and 94% (144/154) received social work assessment.SIPAT scores were available for 64/154 individuals with 22% (14/64) deemed excellent candidates for transplant, 59% (38/64) deemed good candidates, 14% (9/64) minimally acceptable candidate and 5% (3/64) deemed high risk. The SIPAT domain breakdown was as follows: patient readiness (mean 3.9, SD 3.4); social support system (mean 2.9, SD 4.2); psychological stability (mean 5.1, SD 4.9); and substance use (mean 3.8, SD2.4), with an average total score of 16 (SD 12.4).Post-transplant, 26% (23/90) were referred and seen by CLP, 53% (48/90) were referred to social work and 32% (29/90) required psychology services. Seventeen individuals (19%, 17/90) received a psychiatric diagnosis and 27% (24/90) were prescribed psychotropic medication in the post-transplant period.ConclusionsThis study describes for the first time the psychosocial factors and SIPAT scores of a national cohort of individuals referred for heart transplant. Psychiatric morbidity is high and this has implication for transplant suitability and post-operative course. This highlights the need for services to proactively identify and treat psychosocial factors in potential transplant recipients.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Development and validation of the Illness Representation Interview (IRI)
Authors: Kim D. Y. , Shin H. Y. , Choi S. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIt has been several years since the World Health Organization (WHO) advocated for shared decision-making(SDM) models when developing treatment plans for individuals with mental illnesses. It is emphasizing the importance of actively involving patients in expressing their opinions and sharing treatment-related information. However, few clinicians accept patients’ subjective views in clinical practice. Given that patients’ subjective beliefs about their symptoms significantly impact treatment satisfaction, prognosis, and adherence, it is essential to assess these perceptions. However, few studies have been conducted to assess patients’ subjective beliefs, their mental representation, of their disease. Therefore, this study aims to develop Interview that enable the utilization of patients’ cognitive representations of their mental illnesses in clinical practice.ObjectivesThe primary objective of this study is to develop a semi-structured interview and a self-report scale to evaluate patients’ mental representations of their illnesses. Subsequently, validate the reliability and validity of these tools as psychological assessments.MethodsAn initial structure for both the semi-structured interview and self-report scale was established through a literature review of existing disease representation measurements. Subsequently, expert panel discussions and further literature reviews were conducted to refine the structure and content of both tools. Content validity for both the interview and self-report scale was assessed by a panel of nine experts and a group of ten students. Following this, the developed interview tool was subjected to a validity analysis with clinical patients using Missick’s six validity criteria(Content, Substantive, Structural, Generalizability, External, Consequential).ResultsContent validity index (CVI) values for the overall structure indicated that all subdomains scored above 0.8, demonstrating the appropriateness of the interview tool’s five subdomains: symptoms, causes, temporal aspects, impact, and treatment and control. Content validity assessment for individual items revealed that some items within the “causes of the disease” subdomain, specifically stress-related factors, scored below 0.6, prompting necessary item modifications. All other factors achieved CVI scores of 0.6 or higher. Facial validity assessment yielded favorable results for all items in the self-report scale. All validity was demonstrated to be satisfactory.ConclusionsThis study has provided evidence that the developed tools are reliable and valid instruments for measuring patients’ perceptions of their illnesses, offering a trustworthy means to assess these vital cognitive representations in clinical practice.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Exploring Causal Relationships in Mental Health Literacy Through Twitter Content: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Lien Y.-J. , Feng H.-P. , Chen C.-H. , Tseng Y.-H. , Tseng W.-H. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe concept of Mental Health Literacy (MHL) is inherently multidimensional. However, the interrelationships among its various dimensions remain insufficiently elucidated. In recent years, the textual analysis of social media posts has emerged as a promising methodological approach for longitudinal research in this domain.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate whether temporal causal associations exist between recognition of mental illness (R), mental illness stigma (S), help-seeking efficacy (HE), maintenance of positive mental health (M), and help-seeking attitude (HA).MethodsTweets were collocted at three distinct time points: T1, T2, and T3, spanning the period from November 1, 2021, to December 31, 2022. We employed a machine-learning approach to categorize the posts into five MHL facets. Using these facets, we trained a machine learning model, specifically Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), to determine the MHL scores. To be eligible, an account must have an R facet score at T1, and M, S, HE facet scores at T2, as well as an HA facet score at T3. In total, we retrieved 4,471,951 MHL-related tweets from 941 users. We further employed structural equation modeling to validate the causal relationships within the MHL framework.ResultsIn the evaluation, BERT achieved average accuracy scores exceeding 89% across the five MHL facets in the validation set, along with F1-scores ranging between 0.75 and 0.89. Among the five MHL facets—maintenance of positive mental health, recognition of mental illness, help-seeking efficacy, and help-seeking attitudes—each demonstrated a statistically significant positive correlation with the others. Conversely, mental illness stigma exhibited a statistically significant negative correlation with the remaining four facets. In the analysis using single-mediation models, each of the individual mediator variables—namely, mental illness stigma, help-seeking efficacy, and maintenance of positive mental health—exhibited significant indirect effects. In the multiple-mediation model, two mediator variables—help-seeking efficacy and maintenance of positive mental health—demonstrated significant indirect effects. These findings suggested that the recognition of mental illness exerted an influence on help-seeking attitudes through one or more of these mediators.ConclusionsBy leveraging machine learning techniques for the textual analysis of social media and employing a longitudinal research design with panel data, this study elucidates the potential mechanisms through which the MHL framework influences attitudes toward seeking mental health services. These insights hold significant implications for the design of future interventions and the development of targeted policies aimed at promoting help-seeking behaviors.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Investigating Sex Differences in Opioid Use Disorder Risk Factors: Insights from Cross-Section Lebanese Study Population
Authors: Chamoun K. , Salameh P. , Sacre H. , Mouawad J. , Rabbaa L. , Megarbane B. , Hajj A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionOpioid use disorder (OUD) is a significant public health concern, and understanding the risk factors associated with OUD is crucial for effective prevention and management strategies. However, limited information is available regarding the role of sex differences in OUD risk factors. Women have often been excluded from clinical studies to create more homogeneous samples and simplify the analysis of treatment effects. The underrepresentation of women in clinical trials and the lack of sex stratification, typically limited to binary comparisons without considering gender dynamics, raise concerns about potential sex disparities. Given the emerging evidence suggesting the possibility of sex differences in the likelihood of developing OUD, further research is needed to investigate and understand these potential disparities to optimize the individualized management of OUD.ObjectivesThe primary objective of this study was to examine and identify any sex-related variations in OUD risk variables within the Lebanese community. By pinpointing sociodemographic, psychiatric, and other factors related to sleep and chronotype, we aim to elucidate their impact on the onset and progression of OUD in both males and females.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 581 Lebanese adults using an online questionnaire that included sociodemographic questions, validated scales for substance use disorders and sleep disorders, and assessments for depression and anxiety. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify associations between risk factors and OUD scores in both male and female populations.ResultsCommon risk factors for OUD were identified, including family and personal history of substance use disorder, co-occurrence of sedative and alcohol misuse, and psychiatric illnesses. Sex-specific risk factors were also observed. Among women, the ASSIST-opioids subscore was significantly associated with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (B=0.143) and Insomnia Severity Index (B=0.286) scores. Men demonstrated a correlation between ORT-OUD and younger age (B=0.882). Waterpipe consumption was negatively correlated with the ORT-OUD score in men (B=-0.018).ConclusionsOur study emphasizes the importance of examining sex differences in risk factors for OUD, particularly within the Lebanese population. By acknowledging these gender-specific risk factors, interventions can be customized to address the distinct vulnerabilities of each sex. This approach could potentially improve prevention efforts, facilitate early identification, and implement treatment strategies tailored to the specific needs of individuals with OUD. Further research is needed to delve into the underlying mechanisms and develop targeted interventions for enhanced management of OUD.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The impact of hormones on emotional and social development: a study in adolescent daughters of women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: del Río J. P. , Dabed F. , Díaz J. , Ladrón de Guevara A. , Gaspar P. , Maturana A. , Crisosto N. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPolycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine disorder in adolescents. It affects brain maturation, specially in highly neuronal plasticity periods However, there is a lack of information about the impact of this exposure during brain plasticity windows.ObjectivesCharacterize the consequences of hyperandrogenism in emotional status and social cognition (SC) on adolescents daughters of women with PCOS (dPCOS).MethodsAnalytical cross sectional study. dPCOS and controls between ages of 12 to 25 years old were recruited. Participants underwent a complete clinical evaluation, plasmatic hormones determinations (including total testosterone, SHBG, androstenedione and 17-OH-progesterone) and ovarian ultrasound characterization. SC was estimated by: measurements of affects (PANAS), strength and difficulties (SDQ), self-reported empathy (EQ/SQ and AQ), and gaze patterns for autonomic response measurement via Eye-Tracking.Results33 participants were recruited, 15 cases and 18 controls. Median age was 17 and 18 years, respectively. The dPCOS presented a larger anogenital distance (cm) (9.7 vs 7.8; p=0.014), Ferryman-Gallwey score mean (13.0 vs 2.0; p=<0.001) and free androgen index value (7.5 vs 4.1; p=0.004), suggesting hyperandrogenism exposure during intrauterine and adolescence periods. Regarding SC, dPCOS exhibited a predominantly negative affective status (PANAS 8.0 vs 2.0, p=0.049) and a higher score in socio-emotional problems (SDQ 2,5 vs 1,5; p=0,047). The eye-tracking registration showed that dPCOS presentes longer time to first fixation in areas of interest (s) (0,35 vs 0,28; p=0,037), which was associated with a worse endpoint in emotional recognition (aR2=-0,920; f=19,48; Pr >|t|=<0,049). Furthermore, the 2D:4D ratio (intrauterine marker of androgen exposure) was correlated with a predominance of negative affect (rho=0,51; p=0,019) and less prosocial behaviors (coef=-2,39; P>|t|=0,049).ConclusionsClinical and hormonal markers suggest that dPCOS are exposed to hyperandrogenism during the most critical neuroplasticity periods. This exposure is associated with negative affects, more social-emotional difficulties and less score on emotional recognition and prosocial behavior. Due to a high psychiatric comorbidity in PCOS patients, these findings are relevant and emphasize the importance of early mental health treatment in these patients.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder—an undervalued diagnosis? Preliminary results of a prospective study on Hungarian women
Authors: Pataki B. , Kiss B. L. , Juhász I. , Kálmán S. , Kovács I. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a new distinct diagnostic entity in the Fifth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). However, the severe premenstrual (PM) symptoms associated with PMDD result in functional impairment, globally, it remains highly underdiagnosed, underscoring the need for enhanced clinical recognition.ObjectivesThis ongoing study aims to assess the prevalence and symptom profile of PMDD in a sample of Hungarian women. It is part of a comprehensive research process aiming to validate a prospective PMDD diagnostic questionnaire (Daily Record of Severity of Problems, DRSP) in order to facilitate the diagnosis of the disorder.MethodsThe study was performed in three steps. Firstly, retrospective data were collected from 112 women. Probable PMDD was assessed using the DSM-5 Based Screening Tool, while anxio-depressive symptoms and well-being were evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory, the state subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the WHO Well-Being Scale. Subsequently, prospective data were obtained from 9 women who completed the DRSP along with the aforementioned mood questionnaires during both their PM and follicular phases.ResultsIn the first research phase, the sample was divided into women with probable PMDD diagnosis (PMDD group, n=68) and women without probable PMDD diagnosis (nonPMDD group, n=45) based on the DSM-5-Based Screening Tool. The PMDD group reported significantly more severe depressive (F(1; 56.2) = 19.394, p≤0.001) and anxiety (F(1; 35.6)=17.714, p≤0.001) symptoms and lower well-being (F(1; 44.3)=4.288, p=0.04) compared to the non-PMDD group, irrespective of the menstrual phase they experienced.In the second and third research phases based on the DRSP, the sample was divided into women with probable PMDD diagnosis (PMDD group, n= 3) and those without probable PMDD diagnosis (nonPMDD group, n=6). A statistically significant association was observed between the classifications according to the DSM-5 Based Screening Tool and the DRSP (p=0.048; Cramer’s V=0.79). The PMDD group showed a tendency of lower well-being and more severe anxio-depressive symptoms than the nonPMDD group (Well-being: between phases p=0.93, between groups p=0.06; BDI-II: between phases p=0.79, between groups p=0.07; STAI-S: between phases p=0.87, between groups p=0.17).ConclusionsThe prevalence of PMDD was high in our sample. Women with probable PMDD retrospectively reported substantial affective difficulties and a decline in subjective well-being, regardless of their menstrual cycle. Prospective preliminary findings suggest a trend toward differentiation associated with probable PMDD. These results highlight the need for prospective clinical studies addressing the psychological symptoms of women with PM issues and the importance of appropriate treatment of the clinical appearance of PMDD.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The Global Burden of Suicidal Behavior Among People Experiencing Food Insecurity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kaggwa M. M. M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionFood insecurity has become a growing burden within a global context where climate change, catastrophes, wars, and insurgencies are increasingly prevalent. Several studies have reported an association between suicidal behaviors (i.e., suicide ideation, plans, and attempts) and food insecurity. This meta-analytic review for the first time, synthesized the available literature to determine the pooled prevalence of suicidal behaviors among individuals experiencing food insecurity, and examined the strength of their association.ObjectivesTo determine the pooled prevalence of suicidal behaviors among individuals experiencing food insecurity, and examine the strength of their association.MethodsDatabases (Ovid, PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL) were searched using the appropriate search term from inception to July 2022. Eligible studies reporting the number/prevalence of suicidal behaviors among individuals experiencing food insecurity or the association between food insecurity and suicidal behaviors were included. The pooled prevalence of suicidal behaviors was determined using the random-effects model. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022352858).ResultsA total of 47 studies comprising 75,346 individuals having experienced food insecurity were included. The pooled prevalence was 22.3% for suicide ideation (95% CI: 14.7-29.9; I2=99.6%, p<0.001, k=18), 18.1% for suicide plans (95% CI: 7.0-29.1; I2=99.6%, p<0.001, k=4), 17.2% for suicide attempts (95% CI: 9.6-24.8; I2=99.9%, p<0.001, k=12), and 4.6% for unspecified suicidal behavior (95% CI: 2.8-6.4; I2=85.5%, p<0.001, k=5). There was a positive relationship between experiencing food insecurity and (i) suicide ideation (aOR=1.049 [95% CI: 1.046-1.052; I2=99.6%, p<0.001, k=31]), (ii) suicide plans (aOR=1.480 [95% CI: 1.465-1.496; I2=99.1%, p<0.001, k=5]), and (iii) unspecified suicide behaviors (aOR=1.133 [95% CI: 1.052-1.219; I2=53.0%, p=0.047, k=6]). However, a negative relationship was observed between experiencing food insecurity and suicide attempts (aOR=0.622 [95% CI: 0.617-0.627; I2 = 98.8%, p<0.001, k=15]). The continent and the countries income status where the study was conducted were the common cause of heterogeneity of the differences in the odds of the relationships between experiencing food insecurity and suicidal behaviors - with North America and high-income countries (HICs) having higher odds. For suicide attempts, all non HICs had a negative relationship with food insecurity.ConclusionsThere is a high prevalence of suicidal behaviors among individuals experiencing food insecurity. Initiatives to reduce food insecurity would likely be beneficial for mental wellbeing and to mitigate the risk of suicidal behaviors among population experiencing food insecurity.The paradoxical finding of suicide attempts having a negative relationship with food insecurity warrants further research.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared