bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping evidence on the factors contributing to long waiting times and interventions to reduce waiting times within primary health care facilities in South Africa: A scoping review
Authors: Nwagbara Ugochinyere I. , Hlongwana Khumbulani W. , Chima Sylvester C. 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundGlobally, reduction of patient waiting time has been identified as one of the major characteristics of a functional health system. In South Africa, 83% of the general population visiting primary healthcare (PHC) facilities must contend with long waiting times, overcrowding, staff shortages, poor quality of care, an ineffective appointment booking system, and a lack of medication. These experiences may, in turn, affect how patients view service quality.MethodsThis scoping review was guided by Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework. The primary literature search of peer-reviewed and review articles was achieved through PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and World Health Organization (WHO) library databases, using waiting times, outpatient departments, factors, interventions, and primary healthcare facilities as keywords. Two independent reviewers screened abstracts and full articles, using the set inclusion and exclusion criteria. We used NVIVO®version 10 software to facilitate thematic analysis of the results from included studies.ResultsFrom the initial 250 records screened, nine studies were eligible for inclusion in this scoping review. Seven papers identified the factors contributing to waiting time, and five papers mentioned effective interventions implemented to reduce waiting times within PHC facilities. Our analysis produced three (patient factors, staff factors, and administrative systems) and two (manual-based waiting time reduction systems and electronic-based waiting time reduction systems) main themes pertaining to factors contributing to long waiting times and interventions to reduce waiting times, respectively.ConclusionOur results revealed that the patients, staff, and administrative systems all contribute to long waiting times within the PHC facilities. Patient waiting times recorded a wider and more evenly spread patient arrival pattern after the identified interventions in our study were implemented. There is a need to constantly strategize on measures such as implementing the use of an electronic appointment scheduling system and database, improving staff training on efficient patient flow management, and regularly assessing and optimizing administrative processes. By continuously monitoring and adapting these strategies, PHC facility managers can create a more efficient and patient-centered healthcare experience.
Economic evaluation of lifestyle interventions in infertility management: A systematic review
Authors: Untaaveesup Suvijak , Chongthanadon Brandon , Kositamongkol Chayanis , Phisalprapa Pochamana , Panyakhamlerd Krasean , Titapant Vitaya 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionInfertility, a global concern affecting both sexes, is influenced by modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. While the literature predominantly underscores the clinical- and cost-effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in the realm of infertility treatment, a holistic compilation analysing the economic dimensions of such interventions is lacking. This systematic review aimed to fill this gap by evaluating the economic facets of lifestyle interventions in the management of infertility.MethodsAn exhaustive search was conducted within the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases from their inception to February 2024. The aim was to find articles related to the economic aspects of lifestyle interventions in infertility management. These included clinical studies covering economic outcomes and economic evaluations. The Drummond Checklist was used to assess the quality of the included studies.ResultsFrom an initial yield of 7555 articles, five studies were deemed eligible for inclusion, comprising three cost-effectiveness analyses, one prospective cohort study and a randomized controlled trial, all of which were undertaken in high-income countries (the Netherlands, Australia and Japan). These studies included patients receiving infertility treatments for conditions such as unexplained infertility, polycystic ovary syndrome, ovulation disorders, or mild male infertility, inclusive of individuals with and without obesity. The women who participated in these studies were up to 45 years of age. The findings suggested that integrating lifestyle intervention programmes tends to enhance pregnancy and live birth outcomes. These programmes encompass coaching, psychological or behavioural guidance, nutritional adjustments, exercise regimes, weight management, smoking cessation and mindfulness techniques. Moreover, these interventions are likely to be more cost-effective than standard infertility care.ConclusionFor couples embarking on infertility treatments, the integration of lifestyle interventions into their management strategy not only fosters clinical benefits but also represents a cost-effective alternative to conventional care, particularly within high-income settings.
Detrás de las sombras: Escritoras cinematográficas en el cambio de siglo en México, Maricruz Castro Ricalde and Diego Sheinbaum Lerner (2024)
Authors: Arciniegas Hugo Armando 
Published: August 2024

Review of: Detrás de las sombras: Escritoras cinematográficas en el cambio de siglo en México, Maricruz Castro Ricalde and Diego Sheinbaum Lerner (2024)
Mexico City: Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas UNAM, 328 pp.,
ISBN 978-6-07308-516-8, p/bk, MXN 400, USD 24
Relationship of leptin concentrations as part of cytokine response to hyperlipoproteidemia in practically healthy northerners
Authors: Samodova A. V. , Dobrodeeva L. K. , Pashinskaya K. O. , Geshavets N. P. 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Cytokines secrete all cells when there is a threat of damage to it. Leptin, having all the properties of a cytokine, produces fat cells. It was of interest to identify the ratio of leptin concentrations and cytokines activating preventive inflammatory reactions in the blood of practically healthy Northerners with hyperlipoproteidemia.AIM: To identify the ratio of concentrations of leptin and IL-1ß, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 in the blood of practically healthy Northerners with hyperlipoproteidemia.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A survey of 286 practically healthy people aged 35-55 years living in the Arkhangelsk region was conducted. The body mass index in persons of the first group (n=211) was in the range of 19.5-26.8 kg/m2 and corresponded to the norm; and 75 people of the second group (body mass index 31-40 kg/m2). Concentrations of leptin, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were determined in the blood by ­enzyme immunoassay on an automatic Evolis enzyme immunoassay analyzer from Bio-Rad (Germanytotal ­cholesterol (OH), apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA-1), apolipoprotein B (ApoV), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), oxidized low-density lipoproteins (LDL), triglycerides (TG), phospholipids (FL) on the biochemical analyzer «Stat fax 1904 Plus» of the company «Awareness Technology, Inc.» USA.RESULTS: Fasting hyperlipoproteidemia in practically healthy people is associated with an increase in the concentration of leptin in the blood within the physiological content. The closest relationship between an increase in leptin levels and concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1ß, TNF-α and IL-6 was established (r=0.68, 0.74 and 0.83, respectively; p<0.001). The severity of the reaction of proinflammatory cytokines is regulated by a parallel increase in the secretion of anti-inflammatory IL-10 (r=0.62; p<0.001).CONCLUSION: It should be recognized that the stimulation of leptin secretion is provided by the influence of more intense signals initiating a cytokine reaction. In order to ensure the secretion of leptin, compared with that of proinflammatory cytokines, the influence of more pronounced signals associated with an increased need for metabolic energy is required. Higher concentrations of leptin were found with a low plasma content of HDL, ApoA-1 ligands and ApoB; The opinion is substantiated that leptin in physiological concentrations regulates the use of the depot of the energy substrate of adipose tissue by increasing its secretion with a low content of HDL in plasma, ligands of lipid transport forms.
Classification of agricultural priority and reserved areas in Brandenburg under consideration of bio-economic climate simulations
Authors: Von Czettritz Hannah Jona , Uthes Sandra , Schuler Johannes , Steinhäußer Reimund , Kersebaum Kurt-Christian , Zander Peter 
Published: August 2024

Ensuring a crisis-proof food supply has become a key political issue. In Germany, official spatial planning allows the use of priority and reserved areas to secure land for agricultural use and regional food supply. The focus should be particularly on climate-resilient areas that also have a stable yield potential in the future. This paper supplements widely used, static approaches for determining priority and reserved areas with a dynamic bio-economic analysis that takes future climate scenarios into account. The results for the German federal state of Brandenburg show a high area equivalence between the static and dynamic approaches. In the case of data gaps, for example, static approaches such as soil quality indices can serve as an adequate proxy for future yield potentials. However, not all climate-robust areas can be classified as potential reserved or priority areas. Furthermore, areas that show low yield potential under future conditions are not released for other land uses. Feedback from stakeholders involved in the study showed that the use of the dynamic approach and a target value using the results of a foodshed model lead to broad acceptance. The method developed here can make a valuable contribution to climate change adaptation in spatial planning instruments.
Platelet aggregation response to cyclooxygenase inhibition and thromboxane receptor antagonism using impedance aggregometry: A pilot study
Authors: Williams Auni C. , Fisher Kat G. , Alexander Lacy M. , Kenney W. Larry 
Published: August 2024

AbstractImpedance aggregometry is an alternative to light transmission aggregometry that allows analysis of platelet function in whole blood samples. We hypothesized (1) impedance aggregometry would produce repeatable results, (2) inhibition of cyclooxygenase with aspirin would attenuate aggregation responses to collagen and abolish the aggregation response to arachidonic acid (AA), and (3) thromboxane receptor antagonism (terutroban) would attenuate the aggregation response to AA. Venous blood was obtained from 11 participants three times separated by at least 2 weeks. One sample followed 7‐day‐aspirin intervention (81 mg once daily; ASA), the others no intervention (control). Aggregation was induced using 1 μg/mL collagen ([col 1]), 5 μg/mL collagen ([col 5]), and 50 mM AA via impedance aggregometry to determine total aggregation (AUC) analyzed for intra‐test repeatability, inter‐test repeatability, intervention (ASA or control), and incubation (saline or terutroban). [col 1] showed high intra‐test (p ≤ 0.03 visit 1 and 2) and inter‐test repeatability (p < 0.01). [col 5] and AA showed intra‐ ([col 5] p < 0.01 visit 1 and 2; AA p < 0.001 visit 1 and 2) but not inter‐test repeatability ([col 5] p = 0.48; AA p = 0.06). ASA attenuated AUC responses to [col 1] (p < 0.01), [col 5] (p = 0.03), and AA (p < 0.01). Terutroban attenuated AUC in response to AA (p < 0.01). [col 1] shows sufficient repeatability for longitudinal investigations of platelet function. [col 5] and AA may be used to investigate mechanisms of platelet function and metabolism at a single time point.
Associations of Major Lifetime and Everyday Discrimination with Cognitive Function among Middle-Aged and Older Adults
Authors: Chen Ruijia , Byrd DeAnnah R. , Whitfield Keith E. , Williams David R. 
Published: August 2024

Objectives
We investigated the associations of lifetime and everyday discrimination with cognitive function.

Methods
Data were from the Chicago Community Adult Health Study (n=2952, mean age=43 years [SD=17]). We fitted multivariable linear regression models to quantify the discrimination-cognition associations.

Results
Major lifetime (β1 vs 0 episodes of discrimination = 0.56; 95% CI, 0.15-0.96; β2+ vs 0 episodes of discrimination = 0.64, 95% CI, 0.31-0.97) and everyday (β=0.10, 95% CI, 0.06-0.14) discrimination were positively associated with cognition, and these associations did not differ by race/ethnicity. Among older adults, major lifetime discrimination, but not everyday discrimination, was positively associated with cognition (β2+ vs 0 episodes of discrimination=1.79; 95% CI, 0.79-2.79).

Discussion
Measurement and selection bias may partially explain the counterintuitive study findings. We call for longitudinal research to further investigate the discrimination-cognition relationship.
Physical Activity Engagement among Black Immigrants and African American Adults in the 2010 to 2018 NHIS Study
Authors: Ajibewa Tiwaloluwa A. , Turkson Ocran Ruth-Alma , Carnethon Mercedes R. , Metlock Faith E. , Liu Xiaoyue , Commodore-Mensah Yvonne 
Published: August 2024

Background
High rates of physical inactivity persist in the United States, with higher rates among non-Hispanic Black adults than among their White peers. However, a comparison of physical activity engagement across nativity among Black adults in the United States has yet to be fully documented. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine physical activity engagement rates among African immigrant and Afro-Caribbean immigrant adults compared with native-born African American adults using data from the 2010 to 2018 National Health Interview Survey.

Methods
Using data from the 2010 to 2018 National Health Interview Survey, we used generalized linear models to compare levels of physical activity (meeting the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA] recommendations) by ethnic subgroups of Black adults, sequentially adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related risk factors.

Results
Data from 38,037 adults (58.8% female, 21% college/graduate degree, and 41.4% with obesity) were included. Only 41.9% of all participants met the MVPA recommendations. In the fully adjusted models across the 9 years, higher levels of MVPA were seen among African Americans (42%) than among African immigrants (38%) and Afro-Caribbean immigrants (41%). Compared with African Americans, African immigrants were less likely to engage in physical activity that met the MVPA guidelines (prevalence ratio: 0.90; 95% confidence interval: 0.85, 0.96), whereas there were no differences in meeting the guidelines between Afro-Caribbean immigrants (prevalence ratio: 0.96; 95% confidence interval:0.90, 1.02) and African Americans.

Conclusion
Culturally tailored interventions addressing socioenvironmental barriers and facilitators of physical activity may have important impacts on physical activity promotion and long-term disease burden among Black adults across nativity.
The Use of English Song to Improve Listening Comprehension Achievement of Junior High School Students
Authors: Amelia Mely Dewi Nur , Tasnim Zakiyah , Fardhani Aan Erlyana 
Published: August 2024

This research investigated improving the students' listening comprehension achievement by using English songs. The research design was Classroom Action Research (CAR). The research area was Madrasah Ibtidaiyah which is under the auspices of the Alyasini Integrated Islamic Boarding School Foundation located in Pasuruan and the subjects of this research were Grade VIII-E students chosen purposively by using purposive method. The data were collected from interview, listening comprehension test, observation, and documentation. The results of this research showed that the results of observation showing that out of 30 students in the class, 25 students (83.33%) participated actively in the teaching-learning process by using English songs. Then, in the listening comprehension test, there was an increase from 19 students, or 63.33%, who achieved the target score before the action of the cycle to 26 students, or 86.67%, who achieved the target score after the action of the cycle model. This means that using English song could improve the students' participation and their listening comprehension achievement.
Entrevista com Rosana Fernandes
Authors: Oliveira Samuel Silva Rodrigues de , Pucu Wollmann do Amaral Luciana , Torres da Silva Claudiane , Fontes Paulo 
Published: August 2024

Rosana Fernandes é coordenadora geral da Escola Nacional Florestan Fernandes (ENFF), instituição mantida pelo Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST). Licenciada em Pedagogia (2003) pela Universidade do Estado do Mato Grosso (UEMT), mestre em Desenvolvimento Territorial na América Latina e Caribe (2005) pela Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP) e doutoranda em Educação pela Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), ela teve sua trajetória intelectual e política vinculada à docência e militância no MST.
A entrevista foi organizada coletivamente pelo Laboratório de Estudos de História dos Mundo do Trabalho (LEHTM-UFRJ), sob supervisão de Paulo Fontes, e realizada por Samuel Oliveira, Luciana Wollmann e Claudiane Torres, editores do dossiê na revista História Hoje. Ela ocorreu de maneira virtual em 04 de abril de 2023, pela plataforma Zoom, com Rosana Fernandes nos atendendo em seu horário de trabalho, na sala da coordenação da ENFF; a transcrição e a edição do material ocorreram entre os meses de maio e junho. O material aqui publicado foi atravessado pela conjuntura do primeiro semestre de 2023, com o debate sobre o Novo Ensino Médio no Ministério da Educação e a tentativa da bancada conservadora da Câmara de Deputados de criminalizar o MST, através da criação de uma Comissão Parlamentar de Inquérito (CPI).
A entrevistada aborda sua trajetória na militância do MST, a “Pedagogia da Terra”, os projetos de educação ligados aos assentamentos, o trabalho na coordenação da ENFF, e as relações entre o ensino de história no campo e os mundos do trabalho. Mostra o esforço dos movimentos sociais em construir pedagogias emancipatórias e atentas a uma didática da história que coloque como central a noção de trabalho e de luta contra os diversos tipos de opressão na construção da cidadania e democracia no Brasil.
Utility of Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, and Artificial Intelligence in Predicting Hospital Readmissions After Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Fares Mohamad Y. , Liu Harry H. , da Silva Etges Ana Paula Beck , Zhang Benjamin , Warner Jon J.P. , Olson Jeffrey J. , Fedorka Catherine J. , Khan Adam Z. , Best Matthew J. , Kirsch Jacob M. , Simon Jason E. , Sanders Brett , Costouros John G. , Zhang Xiaoran , Jones Porter , Haas Derek A. , Abboud Joseph A. ,   on behalf of The Avant-Garde Health and Codman Society Value-Based Care Group
Published: August 2024

Background:Numerous applications and strategies have been utilized to help assess the trends and patterns of readmissions after orthopaedic surgery in an attempt to extrapolate possible risk factors and causative agents. The aim of this work is to systematically summarize the available literature on the extent to which natural language processing, machine learning, and artificial intelligence (AI) can help improve the predictability of hospital readmissions after orthopaedic and spine surgeries.Methods:This is a systematic review and meta-analysis. PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar were searched, up until August 30, 2023, for studies that explore the use of AI, natural language processing, and machine learning tools for the prediction of readmission rates after orthopedic procedures. Data regarding surgery type, patient population, readmission outcomes, advanced models utilized, comparison methods, predictor sets, the inclusion of perioperative predictors, validation method, size of training and testing sample, accuracy, and receiver operating characteristics (C-statistic), among other factors, were extracted and assessed.Results:A total of 26 studies were included in our final dataset. The overall summary C-statistic showed a mean of 0.71 across all models, indicating a reasonable level of predictiveness. A total of 15 articles (57%) were attributed to the spine, making it the most commonly explored orthopaedic field in our study. When comparing accuracy of prediction models between different fields, models predicting readmissions after hip/knee arthroplasty procedures had a higher prediction accuracy (mean C-statistic = 0.79) than spine (mean C-statistic = 0.7) and shoulder (mean C-statistic = 0.67). In addition, models that used single institution data, and those that included intraoperative and/or postoperative outcomes, had a higher mean C-statistic than those utilizing other data sources, and that include only preoperative predictors. According to the Prediction model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool, the majority of the articles in our study had a high risk of bias.Conclusion:AI tools perform reasonably well in predicting readmissions after orthopaedic procedures. Future work should focus on standardizing study methodologies and designs, and improving the data analysis process, in an attempt to produce more reliable and tangible results.Level of Evidence:Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Metabolic adaptation drives self-organization during skin organoid morphogenesis
Authors: Lei Mingxing , Jiang Jingwei , Liu Weiwei , Wang Mengyue , Wang Dehuan , Wu Wang , Zhang Man , Zhou Siyi , Xiao Yang , Xiang Xiao , An Weiyi , Zhao Hengguang , Zhan Rixing , Yang Li , Luo Gaoxing , Chuong Cheng Ming 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Self-organization in organoid morphogenesis involves the coordinated arrangement of interacting cells into higher-order structures, yet the underlying principles remain elusive. Here, we investigate how epidermal and dermal cells respond distinctively to elevated levels of hypoxia during skin organoid morphogenesis that largely resembles the skin development during embryogenesis. We unveil that autonomously generated hypoxic environment-induced metabolic adaptation drives the transition from coalesced spheroids to a planarized structure in skin organoids through the following three levels. Hif1a-mediated anaerobic metabolism positions epidermal cells to the liquid phase of the cultures under a lower oxygen level, facilitating tissue phase separation of the epidermal layer from the dermal layer. Hypoxia-driven activation of lysosomal hydrolases eliminates suprabasal keratin debris during planar epidermis formation. Fibroblasts adjacent to the basal epidermis have differential metabolic adaptation to hypoxia, which exhibit enhanced retinoid metabolism and become putative papillary dermis. Together, these hypoxia-induced metabolic adaptations contribute to reconstructing skin architecture similar to physiological development. Our findings highlight the ability of hypoxia-induced metabolic alteration to trigger varied cellular responses, leading to self-organizing coalesced spheroids-to-planar topological transformations and the restoration of tissue homeostasis.