bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study of the Response of Spruce Trees to Pruning by Using the Instrument Complex Field-Map
Authors: Антонов О. , Антонов E. 
Published: July 2024

Установлено влияние одноприемной обрезки ветвей умеренной интенсивности до высоты 7,5 м на форму комлевой части ствола у крупных деревьев ели европейской с использованием приборного комплекса Field-Map. Дисперсионный анализ данных свидетельствует об отсутствии значимых различий в величинах сбега стволов деревьев ели на опытном и контрольном участках. Это опровергает существующее мнение об изменении прироста деревьев под влиянием одноприемной обрезки ветвей.
Increase the quality productivity of forests, combining quantitative and qualitative parameters of all trees and each tree individually, as well as improving the properties of manufactured wood, is one of the priority directions of development of forestry. The most effective way to improve the properties of moulded wood is considered to be pruning, which is part of the comprehensive care of the forest and is a necessary element of intensive forest management. Application timely multireception pruning allows us to grow high-quality branchless wood with a homogeneous structure and improved physico-mechanical and acoustic properties [1]. In countries with a developed forestry, this silvicultural method is considered the necessary care of the forest and almost classic example of the profitability of the investment [2]. The use of electronic devices: laser range finders, electronic measuring forks, global positioning devices (GPS) and field computers allowed the collection of field information with a high degree of accuracy and the formation of different databases. The article examines the impact of pruning of moderate intensity (28% of the length of the crown) on the shape of the butt part of the stem in spruce plantations using the instrument complex Field-Map. This complex developed by the Czech research institute of forest ecosystem (IFER). The studies have established that after 30 years of pruning to a height of 7.5 m there are no significant differences in the values of absolute and relative taper on experimental and control trees, which is confirmed by data of analysis of variance.
VNIILM innovation developments into forest management practices
Authors: Мартынюк А.А. 
Published: July 2024

Рассмотрены основные направления работы ВНИИЛМ в области защиты лесов, охраны лесов от пожаров, лесной экономики, международной деятельности и др. Приведены перспективные направления научных исследований.
The paper highlights promising areas of VNIILM operation. It is pointed out that lately the Institute has to address more urgent so-called applied challenges that need rather prompt actions. Successful suppression of Siberian moth outbreaks in 2017 in Siberian region is an example of such operation. Coordinated and well organized operation of multiple level managers, researchers and producers enabled such result. Studies related to wild fire prevention and suppression, post fire adaptation and forest regeneration are the Institute priorities. This is a goal of VNIILM subsidiary Forest pyrology, forest ecosystem protection technology development and forest regeneration Center establishment in Krasnoyarsk in 2018. Development and implementation of new procedures to assess forest resources with Earth remote sensing and domestic satellite image analysis is one of the surging areas. The paper focuses on other promising research areas as well. Forest resource pricing improvement primarily based on rent pattern is a priority area in forest economics. Institute cooperation experience with other sectoral institutions is stressed.
Invest Priority project to use forest: how to replace administration by competitions
Authors: Петров А.П. , Герасимов Е.В. 
Published: July 2024

Рассмотрены проблемы реализации приоритетных инвестиционных проектов в области освоения лесов, введенных статьей 22 Лесного кодекса РФ. Предложено заменить существующий административный подход новой институциональной организацией конкурсного отбора частного бизнеса с критерием максимизации рентного дохода.
The article deals with the problems of implementation of priority investment projects in the field of forest development, introduced by article 22 of the Forest code of the Russian Federation. It is proposed to replace the existing administrative approach with a new institutional organization of competitive selection of private businesses with the criteria of maximizing rental income. Thus, the indicators characterizing the effectiveness of investment projects clearly demonstrate that existing system of forest management is not able to create innovative institutional forms of production organization based on the integration of the forest industry and forestry. Existing approach to select investment projects does not provide the conditions for effective use and location of forest industries. The article present the rental instruments to estimate the investment projects efficient. It will replace administrative decisions by competitive selection of investors in order to grant the rights to use forest. Forest management plan is considered as base of competitive selection. Forest management plan in the status of the subject for the competitive selection of investors should consist of three blocks: 1 – Data about the applicant (investor); 2 – The forest plot inventory data; 3 – Applicant's plans in the field of use, reproduction and protection of forests, allowing establishing an integrated estimate of the activities effectiveness at the site, presented for competition. Priority investment projects remind the concession agreement, with their successful effective implementation, should become the main trend in the strategy of the forest sector development.
Structure of Forests of Zakamje of the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Пуряев А.С. , Кузнецова Н.Ф. 
Published: July 2024

Приведены результаты исследований, отражающие характер распределения лесов Закамья Республики Татарстан по преобладающим породам, возрасту, классам бонитета, полноте и запасу стволовой древесины в разрезе типов лесорастительных условий. Выявлены большие возможности повышения эколого-ресурсного потенциала лесов.
The results of investigation, reflecting structure character of forests from Zakamje region of Tatarstan Republic by prevailing species, age, capacity, density and yield in the network of forest site types are presented. The main part in Zakamje occupy forests growing in forest site type (FST) D2. The less by area and crop are stands in fresh suramens (FST) C2, where pine and aspen forests prevail. In FST D2 the main part is the share of aspen and lime stands, twice less in square are birch and oak forests. In fresh suramens the most productive by yield are coniferous forests. This tendency retains in ramens, where high-quality birch and aspen stands grow. In all concerned forest site types the most productive are larch and pine stands. In fresh suramens in the age up to 40 years the most relative density have spruce and aspen stands. In FST D2 along with larch the most density have spruce and pine forests and also young growth aspen stands. Stands distribution by age classes is irregular. The main forest area is the share of middle age stands being together with young growth the base for getting additional wood during care cuttings. For increase the forest productivity it is necessary to enlarge the volumes of forest care cuttings, make reconstruction of low-dense oak stands and expand the square of larch forest cultures in the region.
The Retrospective Analysis Of Forest Cultures Creation Technologies on Hilly Sands of the Average Don and Their Silvicultural Assessment
Authors: Турчина Т.А. , Банникова О.А. 
Published: July 2024

Проанализированы технологии создания лесных культур в разные периоды освоения бугристых песков. Проведен сравнительный анализ приживаемости, биометрических показателей растений, строения древостоев по диаметру в лесных культурах чистого и смешанного состава и при разных способах создания. Выявлено отрицательное влияние сосны обыкновенной на рост сосны крымской и предложен оптимальный тип лесных культур для обеих древесных пород. Дана лесоводственная оценка применявшихся технологий лесоразведения на бугристых песках Арчединско-Донского и Казанско-Вешенского массивов.
On sandy terraces in the basin of Central Don hilly sands are the most difficult for forest improvement. During their development 4 technologies of creation of forest cultures are developed and approved: 1 – soil preparation by furrows, hand planting; 2 – soil preparation by furrows, the mechanized planting; 3 – the mechanized planting with simultaneous cultural operations; 4 – preliminary ridging, prelanding cultivation, the mechanized planting (modern technology). Efficiency of technologies is estimated on the following indicators: 1) survival; 2) safety of plants in forest cultures; 3) biometric indicators of plants; 4) structure of forest stands on diameter; 5) level of influence of tree species in mixed plantations. Survival of forest cultures at technical acceptance made 97–99% when using technologies ¹ 1–3 and less than 50% – when using technology ¹ 4. Advantage of hand planting over mechanized is shown since 4–6 growth. Lack of modern technology is large number of technological operations. By the time of transfer of forest cultures to the lands covered with forest vegetation, quantity of the remained plants at manual way of creation decreases by 4,4–7,4% of initial density, and at mechanized – for 6,7–20,1%. Technologies ¹ 1–3 provide normative requirements for density of forest cultures even on condition of seed spacing reduction. The modern technology does not promote preservation of required quantity of plants. On biometric indicators of plants of technology direct impact is not made. Distinctions in growth are caused by biological features of wood breed, soil conditions, initial density. Statistics of structure of pure plantings of Scotch pine (As = 0,012, Ex =-0,595) and Crimean pine (As =-0,432; Ex =-1,302) indicate low suitability of use of the second as the main wood breed at cultivation of forest cultures on hilly sands. In mixed plantations of coniferous breeds already in the second class of age the negative impact of Scotch pine is observed: diameter of Crimean pine is 1,5 times less. On complex of indicators of the most effective is the technology based on manual way of creation of forest cultures. As in modern conditions the refusal of means of mechanization is impossible, measures for increase in efficiency of reforestation are increase in seed spacing up to 8–10 thousand pieces/hectare and reduction of number of technological operations.
Yield of Berry-Fields of Rubus Caesius in Flood Plain Forests of Steppe Pridonye depending on Density of Forest Crop
Authors: Коробова Я.В. , Турчин Т.Я. 
Published: July 2024

По данным полевых исследований за 2012–2014 и 2017 гг. проведена количественная оценка урожайности ежевики сизой (Rubus caesius L.) в пойменных лесах степного Придонья. Установлена зависимость урожайности данного вида от полноты древостоя.
The article devoted to research of influence of relative density of forest crops of the main forest-forming species on yield of Rubus fruticosus in flood plain of the Don river. In the scientific publications, devoted to problems of berry resource research, there is data about existing of close interconnection between yield of wild berry-fields and conditions of their growth. However, all these researches are devoted to the main northern berry crops: cranberries, cowberry, cloudberries. Relevance of provided article is due to the fact that, Rubus caesius, being an important non-woody resource of forests of the Southern regions of our country is researched very poor. We have not found works based on influence of taxation characteristics of forest crop on wild berry-fields of Rubus caesius. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact, that brushwoods of Rubus caesius impose specific requirements to environmental factors. First of all, it is significant an influence on growth and development of this crop of illumination level. The authors based on these examinations of 2012–2014 and 2017 years have done quantitative evaluation of yield indexes of Rubus caesius in flood plain forests of steppe Pridonye [1], there was found dependence of yield of this crop on density of forest crops, there was found it's optimal density to reach the most comfortable fruiting of brushwoods of Rubus caesius. In the course of work there were examined 31 sampling units in 5 dominant groups of forests types of flood plain of the Don river: willow groves, black poplar forests, elm forests, oak-forests, white poplar forests. The largest indexes of yield of berry-fields is typical for tree plantations with density 0,5–0,6. With other relatively equal conditions, in such forests there was pointed out the largest average indexes of yield of berry in the 4 years. Finally, there are given preliminary conclusions on the research topic, that confirms, that density of plantation is one of the determining factors of yield of brushwoods of Rubus caesius. References 1. Turchin, Ò. Y. The forests of steppe Pridonye / Ò. Y. Turchin, Ò. À. Turchina. – Rostov-on-Don : Publishing office of Rost. University, 2005. – 204 p.
Ribbon Relict Pine Forests in the Altay Territory – Current Forest Management and its Improvement
Authors: Мартынюк А.А. , Желдак В.И. , Лямцев Н.И. , Сидоренков В.М. , Рябцев О.В. , Жафяров А.В. 
Published: July 2024

В статье приведен ретроспективный анализ лесопользования в ленточных борах Алтайского края, включая вопросы изменения целевого назначения лесов, оборота хозяйства и возрастов рубки, систем и видов рубок в целях заготовки древесины и ухода за лесами. На основе результатов предварительного этапа полевых экспериментальных исследований дана характеристика эффективности и оценка процессов лесовосстановления на участках различных вариантов выборочных рубок в спелых и перестойных насаждениях, а также рубок обновления и переформирования в зависимости от особенностей лесорастительных условий. Приведена общая характеристика лесопатологической ситуации в сосновых лесах. Сформулированы основные положения региональной системы целевых лесохозяйственных мероприятий для ленточных боров Алтайского края.
The paper highlights aspects of felling-related ribbon pine forest condition assessment as well as summary of forest management historical experience in the Altay territory ribbon pine forests. Research findings result in factors that determine current ribbon pine forest condition, highlight historically varying procedures in forest management, yield calculation, estimation of forest stand felling ages, conservation operations in ribbon pine forest and its environmental and other functions, ribbon pine forest environment conservation potential buildup. Forest regeneration potential efficiency in relation to forest growing conditions and thinning intensity based on experimental research finding analysis in 64 selective felling areas more than 5 years ago is presented. Based on ribbon pine forest sanitary condition study findings key forest pests and diseases have been isolated and mostly affected woods found. With regard to earlier silvicultural operations and natural regeneration process potentials key forest management improvement areas in the Altay territory ribbon pine forests have been shaped through development and application of regional special purpose silvicultural operation packages in protective ribbon pine forests.
Growth in Height and Diameter of Pine Stands in the West Siberian Subtaiga-Forest-steppe Region of the Altai Krai
Authors: Осипенко А.Е. , Залесов С.В. , Белов Л.А. , Шубин Д.А. 
Published: July 2024

Приведены результаты изучения хода роста естественных и искусственных древостоев с преобладанием сосны, произрастающих в ленточных борах Алтайского края. Исследования проведены в трех наиболее распространенных типах леса разных климатических зон. На основе полученных в ходе исследования данных предложено разрабатывать таблицы хода роста естественных и искусственных сосновых древостоев Западно-Сибирского подтаежно-лесостепного района лесостепной зоны Алтайского края.
The studies are focused on there searches of the growth progress of pine stands and based on the electronic allotment database containing the taxation characteristic for more than 268 thousand allotments of the ribbon forests in the Altai Krai with a total area of ​​1 014 thousand ha. The database includes a taxation description of the eleven forest districts of the Altai Krai in which the ribbon forests are located. For graphing of the growth progress in height and diameter, a selection of taxation descriptions of natural and artificial stands with a predominance of pine growing in the forest types most common in ribbon forests of the Altai Krai was madefrom the database: flat hilly surface dry forest, fresh forest, and grass forest. The article provides data on the distribution of forest land by type of forest; equations and graphs describing the growth progress in height and diameter of natural and artificial pine stands. To approximate the data, the Mitscher lichfunction was used. The study revealed that the largest values of the average height and average diameter of the stands were observed in the type of forest grass forest, and the smallest – in the forest type of flat hilly surface dry forest. In the conditions of forest types of flathilly surface dry forest, fresh forest, and grass forest up to III, IV and V age classes, respectively, artificial stands exceed natural ones in average diameter and height. However, after these age classes they begin to exceed them according to these indicators.The curves of the growth progress of natural pine stands growing in forest types of flat hilly surface dry forest, fresh forest, and grass forest correspond better to III, II and I age class of bonitet, respectively. The totality of the values ​​of the taxation indicators of the researched stands represents a certain set of points which have upper and lower limits and increase with age. The obtained data can form the basis for tables being developed for the growth progress of natural and artificial pine stands in ribbon forests of the Altai Krai by forest types and climatic zones.
Assessment of Forest Fire System of the Country
Authors: Коршунов Н.А. , Савченкова В.А. , Перминов А.В. , Калинин М.С. 
Published: July 2024

Проанализировано состояние системы базовых компонентов, составляющих лесопожарные формирования и оказывающих влияние на всю систему охраны лесов от пожаров. Приведены количественные показатели анализа современной лесопожарной инфраструктуры и их сравнение с данными до 2000 г. Отмечена проблема неправомерной передачи части сети пожарнохимических станций на содержание арендаторам лесных участков и пространственного размещения лесопожарных формирований. Сформулированы основные задачи, которые необходимо решить для повышения эффективности системы охраны лесов от пожаров.
The article is devoted to the study of the state of the system of basic components that make up forest fire formations and have an impact on the entire system of forest fire protection. The actual problem of increasing the efficiency of the forest fire protection system in terms of rationing the working process of forest fire formations was also studied. Quantitative indicators of the analysis of modern forest fire infrastructure were given, as well as their comparison with the data that were in the period of the old Forest code. They show the need to solve from a scientific point of view with the analysis of longterm statistical data and the use of modern methods of information processing. In this regard, the legal regulations were analyzed, which regulate the provision of forest fire units, including in related departments, and information about the available resources of fire fighting studied. Evaluation of the data was carried out, which include such parameters as the coordinates of the locations of forest fire formations, their type, number of employees, the number and composition of machinery and equipment, their wear and tear, etc. A survey of regional specialists was conducted on the possible optimal composition and number of machinery and equipment, after processing of which a database containing information on 1,467 structural forest fire formations was compiled. A detailed analysis of the situation in some regions revealed the facts of unjustified inclusion of forest firefighters, forestry workers and inspectors engaged in forest supervision. Forest plans and master plans for extinguishing of forest fires of Russian Federation subjects were analyzed for regions in which there were discrepancies of the data with the available information. The assessment of the spatial location of forest fire formations showed that in the European part of the country the network of firechemical stations is the most developed, in some regions even excessive both in the number of stations and the number of equipment. There is a paradoxical phenomenon when on a set of firechemical stations there are only 2 3 workers. The number of pieces of equipment exceeds the actual number of employees. This indicates that the resources available in the region are not being used optimally. The main problems that need to be addressed in order to improve the effectiveness of the forest fire protection system have been identified.
Становление и развитие механизации лесохозяйственных работ
Authors: Rodin S. , Kazakov I. , Kazakov V. 
Published: July 2024

Development of machinery and equipment for forestry operation mechanization at the institute started practically right after its establishment. Special focus was on development of horse and tractor driven machinery for soil preparation, sowing and agrotechnical treatments. In post war years a new forestry mechanization development stage commenced in particular development of special power sources. A design bureau and production experimental workshop were established for engineering documentation development. In early 60es laboratories for mechanization of key forestry operation technologies, forest seed harvest and treatment, planting stock production, forest plantation establishment, afforestation of gullied and mountain slopes, thinning were founded. Longterm work of the Insitute mechanization experts and Tsokbleshozmash officers resulted in development and introduction into serial production of over 150 brands of new machines, equipment and tools most of them is secured with inventors certificates and patents. The developed machinery and equipment was introduced in many regions of the nation and its applications enabled mechanization of practically all forestry technological operations with sufficient quality and performance growth.
Приведены основные этапы становления и развития научноисследовательских и опытноконструкторских работ во ВНИИЛМ по созданию машин и оборудования для лесного хозяйства. Отмечены наиболее важные достижения в этой области и сотрудники института, внесшие существенный вклад в решение проблемы механизации лесохозяйственных работ.