bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy, safety, and predictors of response to infliximab therapy for ulcerative colitis: A Korean multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Lee Kang‐Moon , Jeen Yoon Tae , Cho Ju Yeon , Lee Chang Kyun , Koo Ja‐Seol , Park Dong Il , Im Jong Pil , Park Soo Jung , Kim You Sun , Kim Tae Oh , Lee Suck‐Ho , Jang Byung Ik , Kim Ji Won , Park Young Sook , Kim Eun‐Soo , Choi Chang Hwan , Kim Hyo Jong ,   IBD study Group of Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackground/AimsInfliximab is currently used for the treatment of moderate‐to‐severe ulcerative colitis (UC) with an inadequate response to conventional agents. The efficacy and safety of infliximab in Korean patients with UC were assessed.MethodsThis was a retrospective multicenter study including all adult patients who received at least one infliximab infusion for UC. Short‐ and long‐term clinical outcomes and adverse events of infliximab therapy were evaluated, and predictors of response were identified.ResultsA total of 134 UC patients were included. The indications for infliximab therapy were acute severe UC in 28%, steroid‐dependency in 38%, and steroid‐refractoriness in 33%, respectively. The rates of clinical response and remission were 87% and 45% at week 8. In multivariate analysis, we found significant predictors of clinical remission at week 8: immunomodulator‐naïve (odds ratio [OR] = 4.89, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.44–16.66, P = 0.01), hemoglobin ≥ 11.5 g/dL (OR = 4.47, 95% CI: 1.48–13.45, P = 0.008), C‐reactive protein ≥ 3 mg/dL (OR = 4.77, 95% CI: 1.43–15.94, P = 0.01), and response at week 2 (OR = 20.54, 95% CI: 2.40–175.71, P = 0.006). Long‐term clinical response and remission rates were 71% and 52%, respectively, and mucosal healing was the only factor influencing long‐term response. Adverse events related to infliximab occurred in 15% of patients, and most of them were mild and transient.ConclusionsInfliximab is effective and safe in the treatment of active UC in Korea. No history of previous immunomodulator use and high baseline C‐reactive protein are independent predictors of good response.
Daily intake of vitamin D‐ or calcium‐vitamin D‐fortified Persian yogurt drink (doogh) attenuates diabetes‐induced oxidative stress: evidence for antioxidative properties of vitamin D
Authors: Nikooyeh B. , Neyestani T. R. , Tayebinejad N. , Alavi‐Majd H. , Shariatzadeh N. , Kalayi A. , Zahedirad M. , Heravifard S. , Salekzamani S. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundBoth poor vitamin D status and oxidative stress (OS) have been independently associated with late diabetic complications, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). The present study aimed to examine the effect of daily intake of vitamin D alone or in combination with calcium as a fortified Persian yogurt drink (doogh) on OS over 12 weeks.MethodsNinety patients with type 2 diabetes aged 30–50 years from both sexes were randomly allocated to one of the three groups to receive two 250‐mL bottles of doogh a day, which was either plain (PD; containing 150 mg per 250 mL of calcium and no detectable vitamin D), vitamin D‐fortified (DD; containing 150 mg of calcium + 500 IU vitamin D per 250 mL) or calcium‐vitamin D‐fortified (CDD; 250 mg od calcium + 500 IU vitamin D per 250 mL).ResultsAlthough mean (SD) serum concentrations of protein carbonyl significantly decreased in both DD and CDD groups [−2.07 (4.39) nm, P = 0.015 and −4.4 (7.64) nm, P = 0.003, respectively], the change in PD group was not significant [−0.54 (6.96) nm, P = 0.674]. A similar pattern was observed for cardiac myeloperoxidase [PD: −19.4 (75.9) μg L−1, P = 0.173; DD: −21.8 (54.2) μg L−1, P = 0.035, CDD: −48.5 (76.9) μg L−1, P = 0.002]. Superoxide dismutase increased significantly only in DD and CDD [56.9 (74.0) U L−1, P < 0.001 and 51.6 (119.9) U L−1, P = 0.025, respectively]. Changes of serum advanced glycation end‐products showed a significant between‐group difference among PD, DD and CDD [239.4 (388.4) U L−1, −58.1 (147.6) U L−1 and −143.7 (475.9) U L−1 × 103, respectively, P = 0.003], which remained significant after controlling for changes of fasting serum glucose (P = 0.013) and glycated haemoglobin (P = 0.015).ConclusionsThe findings of the present study demonstrated an OS attenuating effect of vitamin D. However, extra calcium did not convey additional benefit.
Searching for reintegration: life experiences of people with schizophrenia
Authors: Ko Chen‐Ju , Smith Pam , Liao Hui‐Yen , Chiang Hsien‐Hsien 
Published: July 2013

Aims and objectivesThis study aimed to understand how people with chronic schizophrenia live with their illness experiences.BackgroundSchizophrenic clients in Taiwan have reported ineffective community care. As a long‐term deteriorating disorder, schizophrenia represents an important issue for healthcare providers.DesignThe research was conducted using an interpretative phenomenological approach, which stresses meaning and people's relationships with their surrounding world.MethodsPurposeful homogeneous sampling was used to recruit 15 participants who were interviewed individually. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was applied to the data.ResultsThe superordinate theme that emerged from this study was ‘searching for reintegration’. Reflecting on, living with and learning from illness experiences represented a dynamic process for participants to reintegrate their lives. By reflecting on the suffering associated with their psychological experiences, participants were able to engage in developing different strategies to cope with schizophrenia. This learning process enabled them to believe in, and value, their lives.ConclusionPsychological experiences can break down people's inner worlds, but also open up possibilities for self‐renewal. The cultural context exerts a powerful influence on the psychological comfort of people with schizophrenia and is therefore an area of possible concern.Relevance to clinical practiceThis research focused on reintegrating process of people with schizophrenia and developing culturally sensitive nursing care.
Developing a framework for nursing handover in the emergency department: an individualised and systematic approach
Authors: Klim Sharon , Kelly Anne‐Maree , Kerr Debra , Wood Sallie , McCann Terence 
Published: July 2013

Aims and objectivesTo explore emergency department (ED) nurses' perceptions of current practices and essential components of effective change of shift nursing handover.BackgroundIneffective nursing handover can negatively impact on patient outcomes. Evidence suggests that nursing handover in ED is highly variable. Proposed handover models in the literature are structured for inpatient settings and may not be suitable for ED settings.DesignA mixed methods study (survey and group interviews) was conducted in a metropolitan ED in Melbourne, Australia.MethodsDuring February–June 2011, a survey (n = 63) investigated perceptions of current practices and preferences for handover structure. Analyses are descriptive. In the same period, group interviews (n = 41) explored nurses' opinions about essential features and information of an effective nursing handover in the ED environment. A modified nominal group technique generated data that were analysed using content analysis.ResultsMost nurses (96%) perceived receiving adequate information during handover; however, gaps were identified, including omission of important information regarding medications, vital signs and nursing care needs. Group interviews identified five essential features of effective handover: systematic approach, treatment, appropriate environment, reference to documentation/charts and efficient communication. Essential information included patient details, presenting problem, future care/disposition plan, treatment and nursing observations.ConclusionHandover structures in the ED may not provide essential information to ensure adequate continuity of nursing care. ED nurses consider optimal handover to be specific for patients for whom they are caring, conducted at the bedside, structured and containing key elements (patient details, presenting problem, treatment, nursing observations, plan).Relevance to clinical practiceProvision of a handover framework incorporating key features and essential information has the potential to improve the efficiency of handover. Use of this framework may enhance the transfer of accurate and essential information to enable safe and high standards of nursing care in the ED.
Older people living at home: associations between falls and health complaints in men and women
Authors: Hedman Ann‐Marie Rydholm , Fonad Edit , Sandmark Hélène 
Published: July 2013

Aims and objectivesTo investigate the associations between self‐reported falls and health complaints, among persons aged 75 years and older living at home, and to investigate gender differences in the associations.BackgroundThere are several studies concerned with risk factors for falling, and others related to health complaints, but not many with associations between falls and health complaints. There are some inconsistent data of incidence and gender‐related differences in falling.DesignCase–control community‐based study.MethodsIn total, 1243 persons living in two municipal districts in Sweden answered a questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR) and regression models with 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to determine the associations between self‐reported falls and different health complaints.ResultsThe adjusted (multivariate) linear regression showed that urinary incontinence, self‐rated health and tiredness were significantly associated with falls for both men and women living at home. The gender‐related differences in falling were associated with the variables such as self‐rated health for men and tiredness and pain in the hands, elbows, legs or knees for women.ConclusionAn association is evident between falls and urinary incontinence, poor self‐rated health and tiredness for older persons living at home. Gender differences in falls show an association with poor self‐rated health, tiredness and pain in the hands, elbows, legs or knees.Relevance to clinical practiceAs older people are expected to live in their own homes as long as possible, more knowledge is required about what determines the risk of falling. Nurses in community care are recommended to use assessment tools that include urinary incontinence in order to detect the risk of falling.
The FORMNET‐B database: monitoring the biomass and dynamics of disturbed and degraded tropical forests
Authors: Cho Percival , Blackburn George A. , Bird Neil M. , Brewer Steven W. , Barlow Jos 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe biomass and dynamics of disturbed and degraded tropical forests have mostly been ignored in the recent scientific literature, partly because of a spotlight on old‐growth forests but also due to a lack of long‐term data from degraded forests. There is a pressing need to understand the rates and patterns of growth, mortality and recruitment in degraded forests, not only because they are increasing in area relative to old‐growth forests, but also due to their potential capacity to sequester large amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. This paper introduces a permanent forest plot network and database, FORMNET‐B (GIVD ID# NA‐BZ‐001), designed to study the long‐term dynamics of disturbed and degraded tropical forests in Belize, Central America.
The digital reading path: researching modes and multidirectionality with iPads
Authors: Simpson Alyson , Walsh Maureen , Rowsell Jennifer 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis paper reports a study that examines the integration of tablet technologies such as iPads into literacy lessons to investigate how reading and meaning‐making occur within this digital medium. Specifically in this paper, we discuss the concept of reading paths as applied to physical and cognitive planes of meaning‐making. The paper reports on data collected as part of a Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) funded project involving researchers from Canada, the United States and Australia. The study is currently under way in schools in the three different countries where the researchers are observing students in classrooms in primary and secondary schools. The research is designed with a mixed methods approach coding video footage of dyads to enable close study of their interaction during literacy tasks incorporating iPads. Our findings show that the affordances of touch technology allow for multimodal, multidirectional reading paths. By tracking students' interactions with the digital platform through touch, it is possible to see navigation as evidence of the relationship between material and cognitive processes, which fosters metatextual awareness. These aspects of modes and new literacies construct a dynamic materiality for students' reading and writing. As a result, we propose that current awareness of the mode of gesture needs to be expanded to take into account haptic ways of learning.
Rhamnose biosynthesis in mycoplasmas requires precursor glycans larger than monosaccharide
Authors: Jordan David S. , Daubenspeck James M. , Dybvig Kevin 
Published: July 2013

SummaryDespite the apparent absence of genes coding for the known pathways for biosynthesis, the monosaccharide rhamnose was detected in the d configuration in Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pulmonis, and in both the d and l configurations in Mycoplasma arthritidis. Surprisingly, the monosaccharide glucose was not a precursor for rhamnose biosynthesis and was not incorporated at detectable levels in glucose‐containing polysaccharides or glycoconjugates. In contrast, carbon atoms from starch, a polymer of glucose, were incorporated into rhamnose in each of the three species examined. When grown in a serum‐free medium supplemented with starch, M. arthritidis synthesized higher levels of rhamnose, with a shift in the relative amounts of the d and l configurations. Our findings suggest the presence of a novel pathway for rhamnose synthesis that is widespread in the genus Mycoplasma.
Genes and functional GI disorders: from casual to causal relationship
Authors: D'Amato Mauro 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID), and in particular irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), pose a considerable burden on health care and society, and negatively impact quality of life. These are common conditions of unknown etiology, and symptom‐based criteria are currently the sole nosological tools for their clinical classification. Major insight into FGID pathophysiology is therefore needed and, in recent years, increasing hope has been put on genetic research for the identification of causative pathways. This is more advanced in IBS compared with other FGID, but it has still provided often indecipherable results and no unequivocal evidence of a pathogenetic role for any particular gene. Although thousands of genetic variants have been undoubtedly linked to human disease in hundreds of genome‐wide association studies (GWAS), no similar effort has yet even been attempted in FGID. If meaningful, robust, and reproducible results are to be obtained for IBS and other FGID, we must shift gear and adopt these powerful hypothesis‐free approaches through concerted actions and allocation of adequate resources. Provided these are in place, the major challenge will be, inevitably, the choice of the target phenotype(s) beyond a descriptive symptom‐based classification.PurposeIn view of these much awaited developments, salient results and difficulties inherent to IBS gene discovery are briefly summarized here.
The Binding of Curcuma longa Extract with Bovine Serum Albumin Monitored via Time‐Resolved Fluorescence
Authors: Adília Lemos M. , Hungerford Graham 
Published: July 2013

AbstractTurmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is obtained from the rhizome of the Zingberaceae family and has a long history as an ingredient in cooking. It has been used as a dye and recently research has concentrated on its possible health benefits, specifically because of its antioxidant activity. The principal compound that is responsible for this activity is curcumin, which is present with the other curcuminoids; demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin. Curcumin exhibits fluorescence and its photophysics are markedly affected by the polarity, hydrogen bonding and pH. This provides a means to examine its interaction with proteins, which is important if its potential health role is to be fully investigated. In this work, we monitor the binding kinetics using time‐resolved fluorescence measurements, enabled by the use of low dead time electronics coupled with a high repetition rate excitation source and time‐resolved emission spectra of the extracted curcuminoids upon interaction with bovine serum albumin. From these measurements the decay‐associated spectra of the different lifetime components were obtained, which is consistent with reports of more than one binding site. Monitoring changes in these spectra with increasing temperature also allows for the denaturing of the serum albumin to be inferred.
Photochemical and Thermal Stability of Some Dihydroxyacetophenones Used as UV‐MALDI‐MS Matrices
Authors: Tarzi Olga I. , Stéfano Luciano Di , Argüello Juan E. , Oksdath‐Mansilla Gabriela , Erra‐Balsells Rosa 
Published: July 2013

Abstract2,4‐, 2,5‐, 2,6‐ and 3,5‐dihydroxyacetophenone (DHA) used as matrices in matrix‐assisted ultraviolet laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (UV‐MALDI‐MS) were studied by steady‐state and transient absorption spectroscopy, together with DFT calculations at the B3LYP level of theory. All compounds have low fluorescence quantum yields, possibly due to an efficient excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT). Laser flash photolysis (LFP) results showed that, only for 2,4‐DHA, a phototautomer could be detected at λ = 400 nm. Their photochemical stability in solution at different wavelengths and conditions was analyzed by UV–Vis and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐NMR), together with thin layer chromatography and ultraviolet laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (UV‐LDI‐MS). Only 3,5‐DHA showed decomposition when irradiated, probably because phototautomerization is not possible. Thermal stability studies of these compounds in solid state were also conducted.
Species of the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and C. boninense complexes associated with olive anthracnose
Authors: Schena L. , Mosca S. , Cacciola S. O. , Faedda R. , Sanzani S. M. , Agosteo G. E. , Sergeeva V. , Magnano di San Lio G. 
Published: July 2013

The taxonomic status of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu lato (s.l.) associated with olive anthracnose is still undetermined and the pathogenic ability of this species complex is controversial. In the present study, isolates obtained from olive and provisionally identified as C. gloeosporioides s.l. on the basis of morphological and cultural features were reclassified using ITS and TUB2 as DNA barcode markers and referred to seven distinct species, recently separated within C. gloeosporioides (C. aenigma, C. gloeosporioides sensu stricto (s.s.), C. kahawae, C. queenslandicum, C. siamense and C. theobromicola) and C. boninense (C. karstii) species complexes. Furthermore, isolates of C. kahawae were ascribed to the subspecies ciggaro by analysing the GS gene. A single isolate, not in either of these two species complexes, was not identified at the species level. In pathogenicity tests on detached olive drupes some of these species, including C. aenigma, C. kahawae subsp. ciggaro, C. queenslandicum, C. siamense and C. karstii, were shown to be weakly pathogenic. Moreover, they were found very sporadically on olive. In contrast, some isolates of C. gloeosporioides s.s. and isolates of C. theobromicola proved to be virulent on both green and ripening olives. This study gives a better insight into both the aetiology and the epidemiology of olive anthracnose and might have implications for biosecurity and quarantine because C. theobromicola has never been reported in major European olive‐producing countries.
Palinurid lobster aquaculture: nutritional progress and considerations for successful larval rearing
Authors: Francis David S. , Salmon Matt L. , Kenway Matt J. , Hall Michael R. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe closed‐cycle rearing of palinurid lobsters in commercially relevant quantities currently represents one of the most difficult challenges facing modern‐day aquaculture. The length and complexity of the larval life cycle exacerbate the problem, comprising the major bottleneck to their successful aquaculture. The general consensus is that developments in the key research area of nutrition will provide the necessary breakthroughs to make the closed‐cycle rearing of lobster a reality. Due to the cryptic nature of feeding preferences and complex larval morphology, a commercially formulated feed for their culture does currently not exist. Nevertheless, there has been a wealth of research conducted to elucidate many of the unknowns concerning larval nutritional requirements. This review presents a synthesis of this information, ranging from investigations of larval morphology and feeding behaviour, hatchery nutrition practices, the elucidation of wild prey items and the nutritional content of wild‐caught larval species. Based on the information available, this review culminates with a ‘best guess’ formulation for a larval spiny lobster diet, taking aspects concerning both the physical and chemical attributes of formulation into consideration. It is concluded that larval spiny lobsters are likely comparatively low in relation to other larval species with respect to their quantitative dietary requirements. Ultimately, the overall success of the larval cycle appears to be dictated by the stockpiling of lipids to fuel an energy‐demanding metamorphosis and a subsequent nonfeeding puerulus phase. These insights provide valuable direction for the formulation of nutritionally complete feeds to permit the closed‐loop culture of spiny lobster species.