bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flipped classroom orthodontic education for undergraduate dental students: A factor analysis study
Authors: Saheb Safeena Abdul Khader , Hakami Zaki , Bokhari Ahmed M , Bawazeer Omar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionDental schools have a primary responsibility to devise a curriculum that enhances students’ confidence and knowledge in orthodontic case analysis. This study aims to compare the confidence levels and performance of undergraduate students in orthodontic case screening, moderated by faculty in a lecture‐based format against their self‐analysis of the same cases 1 year later, using a case‐based and flipped learning approach.Materials and methodsThis study involved 100 fifth‐year students. The same group received predoctoral orthodontics training through an instructor‐centered, didactic approach in their fifth year and a case‐based, student‐centered, flipped classroom approach in their sixth year. At the end of each semester, the students completed an orthodontic case analysis and a self‐reflection survey.ResultsThis study found no significant differences in diagnostic capabilities for orthodontic findings between the two methods studied. However, the self‐evaluation survey data revealed an increase in students’ confidence levels. This was specifically in terms of carrying out independent orthodontic case diagnosis, effectively communicating with orthodontic specialists, and their comfort in approaching orthodontic cases following the flipped classroom approach. Despite increased confidence in case diagnosis, the results showed that final‐year students are uncertain about creating initial treatment plans and referring cases at an early stage.ConclusionDespite no observed improvement in students’ orthodontic diagnostic abilities after another semester of student‐centered learning, their confidence in diagnosing orthodontic cases was notably enhanced.
Optimized AF4 combined with density cushion ultracentrifugation enables profiling of high‐purity human blood extracellular vesicles
Authors: Hu Liqiao , Zheng Xinyue , Zhou Maoge , Wang Jifeng , Tong Lingjun , Dong Ming , Xu Tao , Li Zonghong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising tool for clinical liquid biopsy. However, the identification of EVs derived from blood samples is hindered by the presence of abundant plasma proteins, which impairs the downstream biochemical analysis of EV‐associated proteins and nucleic acids. Here, we employed optimized asymmetric flow field‐flow fractionation (AF4) combined with density cushion ultracentrifugation (UC) to obtain high‐purity and intact EVs with very low lipoprotein contamination from human plasma and serum. Further proteomic analysis revealed more than 1000 EV‐associated proteins, a large proportion of which has not been previously reported. Specifically, we found that cell‐line‐derived EV markers are incompatible with the identification of plasma‐EVs and proposed that the proteins MYCT1, TSPAN14, MPIG6B and MYADM, as well as the traditional EV markers CD63 and CD147, are plasma‐EV markers. Benefiting from the high‐purity of EVs, we conducted comprehensive miRNA profiling of plasma EVs and nanosized particles (NPs), as well as compared plasma‐ and serum‐derived EVs, which provides a valuable resource for the EV research community. Overall, our findings provide a comprehensive assessment of human blood EVs as a basis for clinical biopsy applications.
Correlated spatiotemporal downscaling of Euro‐CORDEX climatic data for infrastructure resilience assessment
Authors: Chatzidaki Akrivi , Vamvatsikos Dimitrios , Barmpas Fotios , Hellsten Antti , Auvinen Mikko , Tsegas George 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA methodology is presented for downscaling the Euro‐CORDEX climatic projections in order to derive spatially and temporally correlated weather fields that can be used for risk and resilience assessment of large‐scale asset portfolios or interconnected infrastructure. The temporal resolution of the Euro‐CORDEX data is downscaled to a 10 min basis by employing a modified analogue‐type approach that utilizes the k‐NN algorithm along with measurements from weather stations. The aim is to generate composite “Frankenstein” days comprising 144 jigsaw pieces of observed 10 min timeseries that are scaled and/or shifted, and matched together to form a continuous daily record. These point‐estimates, valid only at the locations of the weather stations, are expanded spatially by employing high‐fidelity weather intensity measure fields that provide variable yet synchronous patterns of weather parameters at all locations of interest. As a case study, the Euro‐CORDEX projections for wind, temperature, and precipitation are downscaled for the Metsovo‐Panagia segment of Egnatia Odos highway in Greece, by employing high‐fidelity Computational Fluid Dynamic simulations that account for the topography of the site to simulate turbulent wind flows. These are combined with measurements of two local weather stations to generate the Frankenstein timeseries and corresponding weather fields that can be used for estimating operability, recovery and direct/indirect loss statistics on an event‐by‐event basis for an ensemble of interconnected highway assets.
Evaluation of the performance of meteorological drought indices in Morocco: A case study of different climatic zones
Authors: Oubaha Anas , Ongoma Victor , Hssaine Bouchra Ait , Bouchaou Lhoussaine , Chehbouni Abdelghani 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnderstanding drought occurrence and evolution is important in minimizing the impacts associated with it. This work assesses the performance of 10 commonly used meteorological indices to measure drought in Morocco. The studied indices are Deciles Index (DI), Percent of Normal Index (PNI), Z‐Score Index (ZSI), China‐Z Index (CZI), Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI), Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), its self‐calibrated variant (scPDSI) and Palmer Z Index (PZI). Rainfall and temperature gridded data is sourced from PERSIANN‐CDR and ERA5, respectively, for the period 1983–2021. The study area exhibits three main climatic regimes; subhumid, semi‐arid and arid, with a drying and warming climate, as depicted by the rainfall and temperature trends analysis. Results show that most rainfall‐based indices perform relatively poorly in drought monitoring in the study area. DI and PNI appear to be inconsistent and abnormally responsive to rainfall. RAI reports droughts 56.5% more frequently and slightly underestimate drought intensity compared to other indices. Similarly, ZSI and CZI largely underestimate drought intensity. PDSI and scPDSI are computationally demanding, often underestimate drought intensity and overestimate drought duration by at least 115% compared to SPI and SPEI. Conversely, PZI can be used for drought onset detection as it reported droughts early compared to the other indices. SPI and SPEI perform overall better regarding their consistent drought identification and severity assessment. However, SPEI is found to be more suitable than SPI in the arid and semi‐arid regions and performed better considering the warming climate of the country.
The Interplay between Negative Activating Emotions, Family Expressiveness, and Gender: Implications for Creativity
Authors: Wang Minghui , Takahashi Yusuke , Cheung Cecilia 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTResearch on the implications of negative emotions for creativity has yielded mixed findings. To clarify this relationship, we conducted a short‐term prospective study with data collected across two time points. We also explored the moderating roles of family expressiveness and gender in the creative process. The sample included 392 Japanese adolescents (54.7% female; age range: 12–13 years old). Adolescents reported on their experiences of negative activating emotion (e.g., fear, anxiety) and the degree to which their family members expressed positive emotions (e.g., expressing gratitude) toward each other. A drawing task and an alternative uses task (AUT) were used to measure adolescents' creativity. For creativity expressed in the drawing task, negative activating emotion enhanced creativity in girls only when their families' emotional expressivity was of low or average levels. For creativity indexed by the AUT, a high level of family expressiveness strengthened the relationship between negative activating emotion and creativity in boys but suppressed such a relationship in girls. Findings suggest that, at least among Japanese adolescents, the associations between negative activating emotions and creativity can depend on multiple factors, including family emotional expressivity, gender, and the nature of the creativity task.
Implementation of hospital electronic medical record Patient Friendly Medication Lists and Interim Medication Administration Charts
Authors: Wembridge Paul , Rashed Saly , Monypenny Nick , Rodda Hamish 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPatients discharged from Australian hospitals require a list of current medications at the point of discharge, which is commonly in the form of a Patient Friendly Medication List (PFML). Furthermore, the provision of an Interim Medication Administration Chart (IMAC) reduces the number of medication administration delays and omissions for patients discharged to residential aged‐care facilities. To increase the adoption of PFMLs and IMACs, a new process was developed for creating PFMLs and IMACs directly from the discharge prescription in the Electronic Medical Record (EMR). This retrospective pre‐ and post‐intervention audit aimed to evaluate 1 year of PFML and IMAC generation from three acute metropolitan hospitals, prior to and after transitioning from pharmacy dispensing software to EMR‐generated documents. Despite similar hospital activity, the transition to EMR‐generated PFMLs and IMACs was associated with a 157% increase in PFML provision (7930 vs 20 373), a 220% increase in IMAC provision (1569 vs 5022) and a 99% reduction in the number of items typed into the pharmacy dispensing software that did not require supply (−59 171/year). Discharge dispensary turnaround times were lower in the post‐intervention period (36 min vs 30 min, p < 0.01). In conclusion, the transition to EMR‐generated PFMLs and IMACs was associated with increased provision of these documents, reduced data entry for items not required to be supplied, decreased risk of transcription errors and shortened time taken for the hospital pharmacy to process discharge items. This project was exempt due to the local policy requirements that constitute research by the Eastern Health Office of Research and Ethics (Reference no: QA21‐094). The justification for this ethics exemption was as follows: the project complies with the National Health and Medical Research Council's Ethical considerations in quality assurance and evaluation activities and met local requirements for an audit or quality assurance activity.
Exploring the natural efficacy of spirulina powder for combating obesity, diabetes, and inflammation
Authors: Krishnan Hari , Kaushik Deepika , Kumar Mukul , Oz Emel , Brennan Charles , Proestos Charalampos , Kumar Vishal , Ahmed Mukhtar , Oz Fatih 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDAn increasing incidence of metabolic disorders emphasizes the need to explore natural treatments. Spirulina, a microalga with a rich nutrient profile, offers a promising solution for obesity, diabetes, and inflammation. This study provides a meticulous analysis of spirulina powder, evaluating its physicochemical attributes and technofunctional properties through the use of advanced analytical techniques.RESULTSSpirulina powder demonstrated strong flowability, substantial water and oil absorption capacity, and moderate foaming characteristics. The ethanolic extract of spirulina was found to be a repository of phenolic (6.93 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (7.17 mg QE/g) compounds, manifesting considerable antioxidant activity with a 58.49 g kg−1 inhibition of 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. The extract also exhibited pronounced inhibitory effects on lipase and amylase enzymes, with inhibition percentages of 72.05 g kg−1 and 70.28 g kg−1, respectively, and displayed a glucose retention capacity of 1.28 mg dL−1 (68.52 g kg−1) in a dialysis membrane assay. These results suggest its efficacy in modulating obesity and glycemic control. The powder also showed a potent anti‐inflammatory response by mitigating protein denaturation.CONCLUSIONSpirulina powder is a potent natural agent with multiple health benefits, meriting its incorporation into functional foods. It could be suitable for application in the food industry, offering a natural strategy to combat metabolic diseases. This research adds to the scientific literature on spirulina, paving the way for future research into its utilization. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Cover Image
Authors: Li Yueqi , Xu Lingbin , Sam Faisal Eudes , Li Aihua , Hu Kai , Tao Yongsheng 
Published: July 2024

The cover image is based on the Research Article Improving aromatic higher alcohol acetates in wines by co‐fermentation of Pichia kluyveri and Saccharomyces cerevisiae: growth interaction and amino acid competition by Yueqi Li et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.13519.image
Annular Hailey–Hailey disease
Authors: Fizazi Ariane , Dereure Olivier 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHailey–Hailey disease (HHD) is a genodermatosis that typically presents with crusted erosions located in skin folds and the perineum. We report two cases of a highly atypical form of HHD, characterised by inflammatory annular skin lesions on the trunk, isolated and sparing the folds in one patient. Diagnosis was confirmed by histology or genetic analysis. Clinicians should consider this exceptional subset of HHD when encountering annular lesions resistant to antifungals even when a relevant familial background is lacking.
A four‐party evolutionary game analysis of collaborative construction strategies for zero‐carbon tourism cities
Authors: Wang Jing , Liu Weitao , Wang Zhaofeng , Shi Song 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA four‐party evolutionary game model for the collaborative construction strategies of zero‐carbon tourism cities (ZCTCs) is established that considers the individual contributions of local governments, tourism enterprises, tourists and local residents to the overall carbon‐neutralizing target. The evolutionary stability of the game players' strategies is then analyzed. The results show that there are three stable strategy combinations in the game system for ZCTC construction, which matches the construction modes of tourism cities at different levels of development. The initial value, costs, rewards, penalties, distribution coefficient, and reporting coefficient of the strategy selection affect the evolutionary paths of game players.
Comprehensive assessment of nonuniform image quality: Application to imaging near metal
Authors: Toews Alexander R. , Lee Philip K. , Nayak Krishna S. , Hargreaves Brian A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeComprehensive assessment of image quality requires accounting for spatial variations in (i) intensity artifact, (ii) geometric distortion, (iii) signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), and (iv) spatial resolution, among other factors. This work presents an ensemble of methods to meet this need, from phantom design to image analysis, and applies it to the scenario of imaging near metal.MethodsA modular phantom design employing a gyroid lattice is developed to enable the co‐registered volumetric quantitation of image quality near a metallic hip implant. A method for measuring spatial resolution by means of local point spread function (PSF) estimation is presented and the relative fitness of gyroid and cubic lattices is examined. Intensity artifact, geometric distortion, and SNR maps are also computed. Results are demonstrated with 2D‐FSE and MAVRIC‐SL scan protocols on a 3T MRI scanner.ResultsThe spatial resolution method demonstrates a worst‐case error of 0.17 pixels for measuring in‐plane blurring up to 3 pixels (full width at half maximum). The gyroid outperforms a cubic lattice design for the local PSF estimation task. The phantom supports four configurations toggling the presence/absence of both metal and structure with good spatial correspondence for co‐registered analysis of the four quality factors. The marginal scan time to evaluate one scan protocol amounts to five repetitions. The phantom design can be fabricated in 2 days at negligible material cost.ConclusionThe phantom and associated analysis methods can elucidate complex image quality trade‐offs involving intensity artifact, geometric distortion, SNR, and spatial resolution. The ensemble of methods is suitable for benchmarking imaging performance near metal.
Improved abdominal T1 weighted imaging at 0.55T
Authors: Tasdelen Bilal , Lee Nam G. , Cui Sophia X. , Nayak Krishna S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeBreath‐held fat‐suppressed volumetric T1‐weighted MRI is an important and widely‐used technique for evaluating the abdomen. Both fat‐saturation and Dixon‐based fat‐suppression methods are used at conventional field strengths; however, both have challenges at lower field strengths (<1.5T) due to insufficient fat suppression and/or inadequate resolution. Specifically, at lower field strengths, fat saturation often fails due to the short T1 of lipid; and Cartesian Dixon imaging provides poor spatial resolution due to the need for a long ∆TE, due to the smaller ∆f between water and lipid. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate a new approach capable of simultaneously achieving excellent fat suppression and high spatial resolution on a 0.55T whole‐body system.MethodsWe applied 3D stack‐of‐spirals Dixon imaging at 0.55T, with compensation of concomitant field phase during reconstruction. The spiral readouts make efficient use of the requisite ∆TE. We compared this with 3D Cartesian Dixon imaging. Experiments were performed in 2 healthy and 10 elevated liver fat volunteers.ResultsStack‐of‐spirals Dixon imaging at 0.55T makes excellent use of the required ∆TE, provided high SNR efficiency and finer spatial resolution (1.7 × 1.7 × 5 mm3) compared Cartesian Dixon (3.5 × 3.5 × 5 mm3), within a 17‐s breath‐hold. We observed successful fat suppression, and improved definition of structures such as the liver, kidneys, and bowel.ConclusionWe demonstrate that high‐resolution single breath‐hold volumetric abdominal T1‐weighted imaging is feasible at 0.55T using spiral sampling and concomitant field correction. This is an attractive alternative to existing Cartesian‐based methods, as it simultaneously provides high‐resolution and excellent fat‐suppression.
Diagnostic accuracy of voluntary and stimulated neuromuscular jitter studies in ocular myasthenia gravis
Authors: Cosentino Giuseppe , Prunetti Paolo , Tammam Giulia , Zaffina Chiara , Gastaldi Matteo , Tassorelli Cristina , Alfonsi Enrico , Todisco Massimiliano 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsThere is a lack of studies comparing the accuracy of neuromuscular jitter analysis during voluntary activation (v‐jitter study) versus axonal stimulation (s‐jitter study). The study aimed to compare these two techniques in the same population of patients with suspected ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG).MethodsFourteen control subjects (mean age: 55.5 ± 15.2 years) and 34 patients with suspected OMG (mean age: 59 ± 13.9 years) were prospectively evaluated. Twenty spike pairs and 30 individual spikes were analyzed during v‐jitter and s‐jitter study, respectively. Two different criteria for abnormal individual jitter values were evaluated: ≥ or > than 10% values exceeding the upper normal limit.ResultsOMG was diagnosed in 19 patients based on clinical and laboratory findings, without considering jitter measurements. In most patients, v‐jitter and s‐jitter analyses provided comparable results. The maximum sensitivity (89%) was achieved with s‐jitter study using the ≥10% criterion, while the maximum specificity (93%) was found with v‐jitter study using the >10% criterion.DiscussionBoth v‐jitter and s‐jitter studies showed good to very good accuracy for the diagnosis of OMG, in the absence of any statistically significant difference. Therefore, the patient's cooperation level and examiner's experience should guide the choice of performing v‐jitter or s‐jitter analysis in patients with suspected OMG.
Predation of stocked Rainbow Trout in an Alabama tailwater
Authors: Baker Sarah M. , Sammons Steven M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
Coldwater releases from reservoirs support economically valuable sport fisheries for salmonids in the southern United States. The tailwater of Lewis Smith Dam in northwestern Alabama supports the only coldwater fishery in the state, with monthly stockings of about 1500 catchable-size (200–406 mm total length) Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Historically, the return to angler creel has been low in this fishery, and few large Rainbow Trout are caught. Numerous potential predators of stocked trout exist in this tailwater, including Gulf-strain Striped Bass Morone saxatilis, which are stocked annually in a downstream reservoir. Thus, the objective of this study was to quantify the amount of predation, which occurs on Rainbow Trout in the Smith Lake tailwater.

Methods
Potential predators of Rainbow Trout were collected six times over a 3-week period after stocking in March, May, June, and October 2018.

Result
Rainbow Trout were found in the stomachs of Striped Bass, hybrid striped bass (White Bass Morone chrysops × Striped Bass), Largemouth Bass Micropterus nigricans, and Chain Pickerel Esox niger. Only Striped Bass exhibited substantial predation on stocked Rainbow Trout, with 75% of these fish having at least one trout in their stomach. Of all identifiable prey items, Rainbow Trout composed 82% of the Striped Bass diet by number across all four sample months and constituted more than 65% of the Striped Bass diet by number in each sample month. Bioenergetics models predicted that a population of 500 Striped Bass living continuously in the tailwater from March through October could consume all Rainbow Trout stocked during each month. If Striped Bass vacated the area or switched from trout to other diet items for one-third of each month, they could still consume almost 60% of stocked trout.

Conclusion
Results of this study demonstrate that Striped Bass are significant predators of Rainbow Trout in the Smith Lake tailwater and are likely one of the main factors mediating Rainbow Trout survival and persistence in this fishery.