bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of alive weight on body composition and fatty acid content of farmed beluga sturgeon (Huso huso)
Authors: Ghomi Mohammad Reza , Nikoo Mehdi , Sohrabnezhad Mehdi 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The correlation between alive weight of farmed beluga (Huso huso) (ranging from 1 to 89 kg) and body composition and fatty acid content was examined for the first time. In all weight groups, the content of protein, fat, moisture, and ash varied as follows: protein 11.2% to 18.63%, fat 1.40% to 6.0%, moisture 65.77% to 80.4%, and ash 0.54% to 1.4%. Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) were the most predominant fatty acids (43.11%) followed by polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs; 28.02%) and saturated fatty acids (SFAs; 20.72%). The content of protein, SFAs (C16:0, C18:0, and C20:0), and PUFAs (C18:2 n-6, C18:3 n-3, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) and the n-3/n-6 ratio showed a significant correlation (P < 0.01) with body weight. The content of n-3 (ranging from 6.99% to 11.72%) and n-6 (ranging from 10.82% to 28.21%) fatty acids, EPA (ranging from 0.85% to 2.66%), and DHA (ranging from 3.18% to 7.58%) and the n-3/n-6 ratio (ranging from 0.24 to 1.04) increased significantly with increasing body weight of beluga (P < 0.01), while MUFA and the DHA/EPA ratio were not correlated with the body weight of the fish. The results of this study indicated that protein content and essential n-3 PUFA were influenced by body weight.
CT evaluation of spontaneously ruptured renal angiomyolipomas with massive hemorrhage spreading into multi-retroperitoneal fascia and fascial spaces
Authors: Lu Chun-Yan , Min Peng-Qiu , Wu Bing 
Published: May 2013

Background Renal angiomyolipomas (RAMLs) can spontaneously rupture and induce hemorrhage that is usually confined to the perirenal space (PS) but may spread beyond the PS into other retroperitoneal fascia and fascial spaces, including up to the subdiaphramatic and down to pelvic extra-peritoneal regions. Purpose To evaluate the computed tomography (CT) manifestations of renal angiomyolipoma (RAML) associated with spontaneous rupture and massive hemorrhage spreading beyond the PS into other retroperitoneal fascia and fascial spaces, including up to the subdiaphramatic and down to pelvic extra-peritoneal regions. Material and Methods The CT scans of seven patients with spontaneously ruptured of RAMLs and massive hemorrhage (surgically and pathologically confirmed) were retrospectively reviewed. We evaluated the CT signs of the RAML itself and the regions with extensive retroperitoneal spreading after RAML rupture. Results The CT manifestations of seven cases with RAML spontaneous rupture and massive hemorrhage included the following: (a) RAML signs: size (>4.0 cm, five patients; <4.0 cm, two patients), location (periphery, six patients; central portion, one patient), component (fat tissue included, seven patients), and boundary (poorly revealed, seven patients); and (b) signs of extensive retroperitoneal spreading after RAML rupture: involving the PS and extending beyond the PS (seven patients); spread to the pelvic extraperitoneal space (seven patients); attached to the subdiaphragmatic extraperitoneal region (four patients); and extended to the contralateral retroperitoneal spaces (six patients). Conclusion CT scans clearly depict both the primary tumor and complicated signs of a spontaneously ruptured RAML with massive hemorrhage, which can affect other fascial planes and retroperitoneal spaces and can extend upward to the subdiaphragmatic region and downward to the pelvic extraperitoneal region or communicate with the contralateral side.
Crystal structure of dimethyl 1,4-dioxaspiro[4,5]dec-6-ene-(8R)-[(3,5- dinitrobenzoyl)oxa]-(2R,3R)-dicarboxylate, C19H18N2O12
Authors: Linker Torsten , Fudickar Werner , Kelling Alexandra , Schilde Uwe 
Published: May 2013

Abstract C19H18N2O12, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 6.2472(6) Å, b = 17.576(2) Å, c = 18.848(3) Å, V = 2069.6 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0393, wRref(F2) = 0.0694, T = 210 K.
Soldiers and Civilians
Authors: Schaefer Timo 
Published: May 2013

This article examines the history of warfare in the largely indigenous Mixteca region in Oaxaca during the Mexican War of Independence. Paying special attention to the relation between royalist and insurgent armies and native Mixtecans, the article argues that in the years 1814 and 1815, warfare became a pervasive fact for people. Unlike people in other regions of Mexico, however, Mixtecans showed relatively little interest in the war’s political and ideological stakes. Their engagement with modern Mexico’s foundational war took place largely on the level of military violence.
Este artículo analiza la historia de la guerra en la región primordialmente indígena de Oaxaca durante independencia de México. Prestando especial atención a las relaciones entre los ejércitos realista e insurgente y los mixtecos nativos, el artículo sostiene que en los años 1814 y 1815 la guerra se convirtió en un hecho generalizado para el pueblo. A diferencia de muchas otras regiones de México, empero, la Mixteca mostró relativamente poco interés en los intereses políticos e ideológicos de la guerra. Su involucramiento en la guerra fundacional del México moderno ocurrió en gran medida en el nivel de la violencia militar.
Anomia institucional, espacialidad y temporalidad en las muertes asociadas a la lucha contra la delincuencia organizada en México
Authors: Vilalta Carlos J. 
Published: May 2013

En este artículo se analizan los elementos geográficos y temporales de las muertes por ejecución, enfrentamiento y agresiones a la autoridad asociadas a la lucha contra la delincuencia organizada en México. Desde un enfoque espacio-temporal y sobre la base de la teoría de la anomia institucional, además de detectar varios patrones y procesos espaciales y temporales distintivos de la lucha, se encuentran algunos factores anómicos que operan como correlativos de la aceleración y agravamiento de la lucha. Se ofrece una discusión al respecto de los hallazgos y se sugieren ángulos de investigación para análisis posteriores.
In this article I analyze the geographical and temporal components of deaths by execution, confrontation and aggression towards authority associated to the war against organized crime in Mexico. Using a spatiotemporal approach and based on institutional anomie theory, various patterns and distinctive spatial and temporal processes of struggle may be detected, as well as some anomic factors that function correlatively to the acceleration and aggravation of the struggle. The article discusses these findings and suggests research stances for further analysis.
Historical Roots of Rural Migration
Authors: Castillo-Muñoz Verónica 
Published: May 2013

This article examines the human drama of displacement and the historical relationship between economic inequalities and rural migration in Nayarit, Mexico. It shows how during the 1940s indigenous peoples, in particular, were excluded from receiving agricultural subsidies for the cultivation of corn. The lack of subsidies spurred a massive outmigration of these communities to the Nayarit lowlands and the United States. This historical analysis will help us understand why rural Mexican workers adapted to a migrant life, which continues to this day.
Este artículo examina el drama humano del desplazamiento y la relación histórica entre las desigualdades económicas y la migración rural en Nayarit, México. En él, se muestra cómo durante la década de 1940 los habitantes indígenas, en particular, fueron excluidos de los subsidios agrícolas para el cultivo del maíz. La falta de subsidios alentó una emigración masiva de estas comunidades a las tierras bajas de Nayarit y Estados Unidos. Este análisis histórico nos ayudará a comprender por qué los trabajadores rurales mexicanos se adaptaron a la vida de migrantes, que sigue vigente hasta la fecha.
Genomic BLUP Decoded: A Look into the Black Box of Genomic Prediction
Authors: Habier David , Fernando Rohan L , Garrick Dorian J 
Published: May 2013

AbstractGenomic best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) is a statistical method that uses relationships between individuals calculated from single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to capture relationships at quantitative trait loci (QTL). We show that genomic BLUP exploits not only linkage disequilibrium (LD) and additive-genetic relationships, but also cosegregation to capture relationships at QTL. Simulations were used to study the contributions of those types of information to accuracy of genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs), their persistence over generations without retraining, and their effect on the correlation of GEBVs within families. We show that accuracy of GEBVs based on additive-genetic relationships can decline with increasing training data size and speculate that modeling polygenic effects via pedigree relationships jointly with genomic breeding values using Bayesian methods may prevent that decline. Cosegregation information from half sibs contributes little to accuracy of GEBVs in current dairy cattle breeding schemes but from full sibs it contributes considerably to accuracy within family in corn breeding. Cosegregation information also declines with increasing training data size, and its persistence over generations is lower than that of LD, suggesting the need to model LD and cosegregation explicitly. The correlation between GEBVs within families depends largely on additive-genetic relationship information, which is determined by the effective number of SNPs and training data size. As genomic BLUP cannot capture short-range LD information well, we recommend Bayesian methods with t-distributed priors.
Theoretical Basis for Interpretation of Temperature Data During Acidizing Treatment of Horizontal Wells
Authors: Tabatabaei M.. , Zhu D.. , Hill A.D.. D. 
Published: May 2013

Summary
Optimum fluid placement is crucial for successful acid-stimulation treatments of long horizontal wells where there is a broad variation of reservoir properties along the wellbore. Various methods have been developed and applied in the field to determine the fluid placement and effectiveness of the diversion process, but determining the injection profile during the course of matrix acidizing still remains a challenge. Recently, distributed temperature-sensing (DTS) technology has enabled us to observe the dynamic temperature profile along the wellbore during acid treatments. Quantitative interpretation of dynamic temperature data can provide an invaluable tool to assess the effectiveness of the treatment as well as optimize the treatment through on-the-fly modification of the treatment parameters such as volume, injection rate, and diversion method.
In this paper, we discuss how fluid placement can be quantified using dynamic temperature data. A mathematical model has been developed to simulate the temperature behavior along the wellbore during and shortly after acid treatments. This model couples a wellbore and a near-wellbore flow and thermal model considering the effect of both mass and heat transfer between the wellbore and the formation. The model accounts for all significant thermal processes involved during a treatment, including heat of reaction, conduction, and convection. Then, an inversion procedure is applied to interpret the acid-distribution profile from the measured temperature profiles.
To illustrate how to apply the model and analyze the DTS data, examples of matrix acidizing are presented. The temperature, flow, and pressure data were generated by a horizontal well-acidizing simulator. The inverse model is verified, and the effect of the distribution of stimulation fluid along the lateral and the effectiveness of the diversion processes on the transient temperature response is also discussed. We address some issues regarding solving the inverse problem and discuss the alternative methods of using warm-back information for cases in which inversion is difficult.
Relation between Asymptomatic Proteinase 3 Antibodies and Future Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
Authors: Olson Stephen W. , Owshalimpur David , Yuan Christina M. , Arbogast Charles , Baker Thomas P. , Oliver David , Abbott Kevin C. 
Published: May 2013

Summary

Background and objectives
The subclinical pathogenesis of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) has not been completely elucidated. Proteinase 3 (PR3) antibodies are strongly associated with GPA, but have not been evaluated before disease presentation.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
This was a retrospective case-control serum bank study in which PR3 antibodies and C-reactive protein (CRP) in up to three longitudinal serum samples for 27 GPA patients before diagnosis (1 day–19 years) were compared with 27 controls whose serum samples were matched for age, sex, and race. This study analyzed all patients with American College of Rheumatology criteria–confirmed disease identified in the Department of Defense electronic medical records between 1990 and 2008.

Results
A greater percentage of GPA patients had at least one elevated PR3 antibody level (≥6 U/ml) as well as at least one detectable PR3 antibody level (>1 U/ml) before diagnosis compared with matching controls (63% [17 of 27] versus 0% [0 of 27], P<0.001; and 85% [23 of 27] versus 4% [1 of 27], P<0.001, respectively). A greater percentage of GPA patients had a >1 U/ml per year rate of increase in PR3 antibody level compared with matching controls (62% [21 of 26] versus 0% [0 of 26], P<0.001). PR3 antibody more frequently became elevated before CRP (67% [12 of 18] versus 33% [6 of 18], P=0.04).

Conclusions
Subclinical PR3 antibody presence, trajectory, and temporal relationship to CRP associates with the future diagnosis of GPA. This data set further elucidates the pathogenesis of GPA.
Two methods to solve a fractional single phase moving boundary problem
Authors: Li Xicheng , Wang Shaowei , Zhao Moli 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
A moving boundary problem of a melting problem is considered in this study. A mathematical model using the Caputo fractional derivative heat equation is proposed in the paper. Since moving boundary problems are difficult to solve for the exact solution, two methods are presented to approximate the evolution of the temperature. To simplify the computation, a similarity variable is adopted in order to reduce the partial differential equations to ordinary ones.
Analysis on the time and frequency domain for the RC electric circuit of fractional order
Authors: Guía Manule , Gómez Francisco , Rosales Juan 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
This paper provides an analysis in the time and frequency domain of an RC electrical circuit described by a fractional differential equation of the order 0 < α≤ 1. We use the Laplace transform of the fractional derivative in the Caputo sense. In the time domain we emphasize on the delay, rise and settling times, while in the frequency domain the interest is in the cutoff frequency, the bandwidth and the asymptotes in low and high frequencies. All these quantities depend on the order of differential equation.
Validity of the Dynamic Gait Index in People With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Forsberg Anette , Andreasson Malin , Nilsagård Ylva E. 
Published: May 2013

BackgroundEvaluation of walking capacity and risk of falls in people with multiple sclerosis often are performed in rehabilitation. The Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) evaluates walking during different tasks, but the feasibility in identifying people at risk for falls needs to be further investigated.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate (1) the construct validity (known groups, convergent, and discriminant) of the DGI and (2) the accuracy of predicting falls and establishing a cutoff point to identify fallers.DesignThis trial was a multicenter, cross-sectional study.MethodsA convenience sample was composed of 81 people with multiple sclerosis with subjective gait and balance impairment who were able to walk 100 m (comparable to Expanded Disability Status Scale 1–6). Mean age of the participants was 49 years; 76% were women. The 25-Foot Timed Walk Test, Timed “Up & Go” Test, Four Square Step Test, Timed Sit-to-Stand Test, MS Walking Scale, Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale, and self-reported falls during the previous 2 months were used for validation, to establish cutoff points for identifying fallers, and to investigate predictive values.ResultsSignificantly lower DGI scores (P≤.001) were found for participants reporting falls (n=31). High sensitivity (87%) in identifying fallers was found, with a cutoff score ≤19. The positive predictive value was 50%, and the negative predictive value was 87%. The positive likelihood ratio was 1.77, and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.26. The convergent validity was moderate to strong (ρ=0.58–0.80), with the highest correlation coefficient found for the 25-Foot Timed Walk Test. Discriminant validity was shown with low correlation for the psychological subscale of the Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale.LimitationsThe sample included ambulatory people participating in a randomized controlled trial investigating balance training.ConclusionsThe DGI is a valid measure of dynamic balance during walking for ambulatory people with multiple sclerosis. With the cutoff point of ≤19, sensitivity was high in identifying people at risk of falls.
Comparative Kinematic and Electromyographic Assessment of Clinician- and Device-Assisted Sit-to-Stand Transfers in Patients With Stroke
Authors: Burnfield Judith M. , McCrory Bernadette , Shu Yu , Buster Thad W. , Taylor Adam P. , Goldman Amy J. 
Published: May 2013

BackgroundWorkplace injuries from patient handling are prevalent. With the adoption of no-lift policies, sit-to-stand transfer devices have emerged as one tool to combat injuries. However, the therapeutic value associated with sit-to-stand transfers with the use of an assistive apparatus cannot be determined due to a lack of evidence-based data.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare clinician-assisted, device-assisted, and the combination of clinician- and device-assisted sit-to-stand transfers in individuals who recently had a stroke.DesignThis cross-sectional, controlled laboratory study used a repeated-measures design.MethodsThe duration, joint kinematics, and muscle activity of 4 sit-to-stand transfer conditions were compared for 10 patients with stroke. Each patient performed 4 randomized sit-to-stand transfer conditions: clinician-assisted, device-assisted with no patient effort, device-assisted with the patient’s best effort, and device- and clinician-assisted.ResultsDevice-assisted transfers took nearly twice as long as clinician-assisted transfers. Hip and knee joint movement patterns were similar across all conditions. Forward trunk flexion was lacking and ankle motion was restrained during device-assisted transfers. Encouragement and guidance from the clinician during device-assisted transfers led to increased lower extremity muscle activation levels.LimitationsOne lifting device and one clinician were evaluated. Clinician effort could not be controlled.ConclusionsLack of forward trunk flexion and restrained ankle movement during device-assisted transfers may dissuade clinicians from selecting this device for use as a dedicated rehabilitation tool. However, with clinician encouragement, muscle activation increased, which suggests that it is possible to safely practice transfers while challenging key leg muscles essential for standing. Future sit-to-stand devices should promote safety for the patient and clinician and encourage a movement pattern that more closely mimics normal sit-to-stand biomechanics.
Clinicopathological characteristics and treatment of rhabdoid glioblastoma
Authors: Babu Ranjith , Hatef Jeffrey , McLendon Roger E. , Cummings Thomas J. , Sampson John H. , Friedman Allan H. , Adamson Cory 
Published: May 2013

Object
Rhabdoid glioblastoma (GB) is an exceedingly rare tumor in which some of the tumor cells possess rhabdoid features such as eccentric nuclei, abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, and pseudopapillary formations. These tumors are exceptionally aggressive, and leptomeningeal dissemination is common. In the 9 previously reported cases, the longest survival was only 9 months, with a median survival of 17.8 weeks. The authors report the clinicopathological characteristics of 4 cases of rhabdoid GB and demonstrate the utility of intensive temozolomide and adjuvant therapy in these tumors. The authors also review the literature to provide the most comprehensive understanding of these rare tumors to date.

Methods
A retrospective review was performed of patients treated for GB at the Duke University Medical Center between 2004 and 2012. One of two experienced neuropathologists identified 4 cases as being rhabdoid GBs. Immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses were performed in all cases. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess overall survival, with the log-rank test being used to evaluate differences between survival curves. An extensive review of the literature was also performed.

Results
The median age of patients with rhabdoid GB was 30 years. Clinical presentation varied with location, with headache being a presenting symptom in 90% of patients. All lesions were supratentorial, and 45.5% of the cases involved the temporal lobe. Leptomeningeal dissemination occurred in 63.6% of patients, with 1 patient having extracranial metastasis to the scalp and lungs. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed epidermal growth factor receptor gain or amplification in all study cases. The median survival in the authors' cohort was significantly higher than that of all previously reported cases (27.5 vs 4.5 months, p = 0.003). Postoperative treatment in the authors' cohort included radiotherapy with concurrent temozolomide, bevacizumab, interleukin 13, CCNU, and/or etoposide.

Conclusions
Enhanced survival in the authors' 4 patients suggests that the current standard of care for the treatment of GB may be beneficial in rhabdoid GB cases, with postoperative radiotherapy and concomitant temozolomide treatment followed by adjuvant therapy. Due to the rapid tumor dissemination associated with these lesions, aggressive and timely therapy is warranted, with frequent surveillance and/or continued therapy despite stable disease. Additionally, patients should undergo full craniospinal imaging to monitor the development of distant metastatic disease.
L'évolution du cadre de travail et des compétences requises des forestiers neuchâtelois (essai)
Authors: Pfund Jean-Laurent , Farron Léonard , Piaget Sylvain , Pochon Antoine 
Published: May 2013

Development of working conditions and skill requirements for foresters in the canton of Neuchâtel (essay)
The framework conditions for foresters are influenced both by changes in the administration and by the ever more important relationship between the world of the forester and the worlds of specialists from other ecologically oriented disciplines or those concerned with management of natural areas. Forestry training generally suits the needs and structures of the Neuchâtel cantonal service for wildlife, forests and nature, but must imperatively take into account its need to be open to biological disciplines as well as to the administrative and legal aspects of land use planning. The continuing education organised inside the service plays a vital role and is based on certain forest values which are also easily accessible to colleagues from other disciplines.