bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appearances of the circumcaval ureter on excretory urography and MR urography: A single-center case series
Authors: Muthusami Prakash , Ramesh Ananthakrishnan 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Objectives: To describe Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU) appearances of the circumcaval ureter, a rare congenital cause of hydronephrosis. Materials and Methods: Seven cases of circumcaval ureter, suspected on intravenous urography (IVU), underwent subsequent static MRU using heavily T2-weighted sequences. Results: The various appearances of circumcaval ureter on IVU and MRU were studied and compared. The circumcaval portion of the ureter was especially well seen on axial MRU sections, though this portion was routinely not visualized on IVU. In one case with a ureteric calculus, MRU also depicted a circumcaval course of the ureter, thus providing a complete diagnosis. In yet another case, where a circumcaval ureter was suspected on IVU, MRU proved the actual cause of ureteric obstruction to be a crossing vessel. Conclusion: Static MRU using heavily T2-weighted coronal and axial sequences can make or exclude the diagnosis of circumcaval ureter unequivocally.
Estimates of Hausdorff Dimension for Non-wandering Sets of Higher Dimensional Open Billiards
Authors: Wright Paul 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis article concerns a class of open billiards consisting of a finite number of strictly convex, non-eclipsing obstacles K. The non-wandering set M0 of the billiard ball map is a topological Cantor set, and its Hausdorff dimension has been previously estimated for billiards in ℝ2 using well-known techniques. We extend these estimates to billiards in ℝn and make various refinements to the estimates. These refinements also allow improvements to other results. We also show that in many cases, the nonwandering set is confined to a particular subset of ℝn formed by the convex hull of points determined by period 2 orbits. This allows more accurate bounds on the constants used in estimating Hausdorff dimension.
Saliva CA125 and TPS Levels in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Geng Xue-fei , Du Meng , Han Jing-xiu , Zhang Min , Tang Xiao-fei , Xing Ru-dong 
Published: June 2013

Objectives To determine the levels of carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and tissue polypeptide-specific antigen (TPS) in saliva of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and patients with nonneoplastic disease of the oral cavity, and to investigate their diagnostic value and their relationship with pathological grade and clinical stage. Methods A total of 97 hospitalized patients with OSCC, 36 patients with nonneoplastic disease of the oral cavity and 50 healthy individuals were included in this investigation. Mixed saliva was collected from these patients and the healthy controls before treatment. Saliva samples were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The saliva CA125 and TPS concentrations were significantly higher in patients with OSCC than in patients with nonneoplastic disease and healthy controls, but not significantly different between patients with nonneoplastic disease and controls. Neither the saliva CA125 nor the TPS level was correlated with pathological grade and clinical stage. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of saliva CA125 and TPS for the diagnosis of OSCC were 80.0%, 66.0%, 75.7%, and 82.1%, 74.0%, 79.3%, respectively. When CA125 and TPS were analyzed independently, there was no significant difference in sensitivity, specificity and accuracy between the two markers. When CA125 and TPS were analyzed in combination, there was no significant difference in sensitivity, specificity and accuracy between independent detection and combined detection. Conclusions The saliva CA125 and TPS concentrations were elevated in patients with OSCC. CA125 and TPS may prove to be useful tumor markers in OSCC.
Expression of ABCG2 Associated with Tumor Response in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients Receiving First-line FOLFOX Therapy – Preliminary Evidence
Authors: Lin Pei-Ching , Lin Hung-Hsin , Lin Jen-Kou , Lin Chun-Chi , Yang Shung-Haur , Li Anna Fen-Yau , Chen Wei-Shone , Chang Shih-Ching 
Published: June 2013

Purpose We retrospectively analyzed ABCG2 expression levels in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) to investigate the interaction between ABCG2 expression and the tumor response to oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil (FOLFOX). Methods Forty-three patients with CRC with liver metastasis who received first-line FOLFOX treatment at our institution between 2008 and 2010 were enrolled. ABCG2 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Tumor response was determined using the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria. Results At least 50% tumor shrinkage was observed in 16/43 patients (37.2%), including a complete response in 1 patient. According to the intensity of ABCG2 expression and the percentage of tumor cells expressing ABCG2, 21 tumors displayed high ABCG2 expression. Among these tumors, only 2 (9.5%) exhibited partial responses to FOLFOX; conversely, 63.6% of tumors with low ABCG2 expression (14/22) responded to FOLFOX. Primary and corresponding metastatic samples were available for 15 patients, and 13 of the metastatic tumors had higher ABCG2 expression than the corresponding primary tumors, but only 1 of these tumors responded to FOLFOX (7.7%). Conclusions ABCG2 expression is associated with the tumor response to FOLFOX in patients with metastatic CRC. ABCG2 may be a selective marker for the efficacy of FOLFOX in treating CRC.
DKK-1 in Serum as a Clinical and Prognostic Factor in Patients with Cervical Cancer
Authors: Jiang Tao , Huang Ling , Zhang Shulan 
Published: June 2013

Objectives Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) is involved in osteoporosis, arthritis, and cancer development and can become a potential therapeutic target of these diseases. The different expression of DKK-1 in different cancers shows that the function of DKK-1 depends on the histological type of the cancer cells and the tissue microenvironment. Because DKK-1 is a secreted protein, we investigated whether it could be found in the serum of patients with cervical cancer. Study design The expression of DKK-1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the serum of 60 healthy women, 60 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 156 patients with cervical cancer. Detailed treatment information of all 156 patients with cervical cancer and exhaustive follow-up data of 138 patients were collected. Results The levels of serum DKK-1 were significantly increased in patients with cervical cancer (11.90 [SD, 17.28] μg/mL) compared with healthy women (1.48 [SD, 1.86] μg/mL) and patients with CIN (4.77 [SD, 10.24] μg/mL) (p=0.00, p=0.00). The expression of DKK-1 in serum was correlated with lymphatic metastasis and tumor diameter in cervical carcinoma and associated with the prognosis of patients with cervical cancer. Conclusions DKK-1 detection with ELISA as a biological marker can be used for the detection and diagnosis of cervical carcinoma. DKK-1 in serum is a good predictor of poor prognosis in patients with cervical cancer.
Hypoxia Regulation of Phosphokinases and the Prognostic Value of pAKT in Breast Cancer
Authors: Wennemers Marloes , Stegeman Hanneke , Bussink Johan , Versleijen-Jonkers Yvonne M.H. , van Laarhoven Hanneke W.M , Raleigh James A. , Varia Mahesh A. , Sweep Fred C.G.J. , Span Paul N. 
Published: June 2013

Tumor hypoxia results in poor treatment response and is an indicator of poor outcome in cancer patients. TRIB3 is a hypoxia-upregulated protein involved in the ability of breast cancer cells to survive in hypoxic conditions. It is also involved in the prognosis of cancer patients, possibly by affecting several kinase-signaling pathways. We set out to establish which kinase-signaling pathways are regulated by hypoxia and whether these kinases are relevant for breast cancer prognosis. Using a phosphokinase antibody array comparing cells cultured under hypoxic conditions with those cultured during normoxia, we found that the phosphorylation status of ERK1/2, AKT, p70 S6 kinase, Lck and STAT3 was altered in both MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Using Western blotting, we found that phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) increased in hypoxic conditions. Knockdown of TRIB3 attenuated this effect of hypoxia on AKT activation. Both pAKT and TRIB3 were expressed in pimonidazole-positive, hypoxic areas of human breast cancer tumors. In breast cancer patients significantly lower 5-year disease-free survival was observed for the pAKT-positive compared to the pAKT-negative group (64.6% vs 86.1%, p=0.03). In conclusion, the phosphorylation status of AKT is increased in hypoxic conditions and TRIB3 knockdown attenuates this response. Furthermore, pAKT expression denotes a worse prognosis in breast cancer patients. The hypoxia-related activation of AKT could explain the resistance to various treatments including chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
EED Gene Polymorphism in Patients with Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Seo Geom Seog , Yu Ji-In , Chae Soo-Cheon , Park Won Cheol , Shin Sae Ron , Yoo Seung Taek , Choi Suck Chei , Lee Sung Hee 
Published: June 2013

Background Our previous work indicated that, first, the embryonic ectoderm development (EED) gene is a candidate gene associated with the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) and, second, that the haplotypes of the EED polymorphism are one of the markers for UC susceptibility. The risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) increases in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Aim The present study aimed at determining the association between polymorphisms in the EED gene and CRC. Methods Genotype analysis of EED single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was performed with high-resolution melting analysis, and the genotype and allele frequencies of the EED SNPs were compared between CRC patients and healthy controls. The haplotype frequencies of EED for multiple loci were estimated using the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm. Results Our study had a power of 76.6% at a 0.05 significance level. Genotype and allele frequencies of the SNPs and haplotype frequencies of the EED gene in CRC patients were not significantly different from those in healthy controls. Only the allele frequency of g.-1850G>C in the rectal cancer (RC) patient group was significantly different from that of the control group (p=0.04). Similarly, the genotype and allelic frequencies of the EED SNPs for either tumor site (left or right) or tumor stage were not significantly different from those in healthy controls. However, our data show an association between the g.-993G>C polymorphism in the EED gene and the presence of lymph node metastasis in CRC. Conclusions These results suggest that the SNPs of the EED gene might not be associated with susceptibility to CRC. However, this study shows that the allele frequency of g.-1850G>C in the RC patient group was significantly different from that in the control group (p=0.04) and that g.-993G>C may play a role in the lymph node metastatic process of CRC.
Status of Oral Ulcerative Mucositis and Biomarkers to Monitor Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Effects in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Loo Wings TY , Liu Qing , Yip Michael CW , Wang Min , Chow Louis WC , Cheung Mary NB , Yip Adrian YS , Ng Elizabeth LY 
Published: June 2013

Background This study was designed to assess oral ulcerative mucositis, C-reactive protein, blood pressure, heart rate and thyroid function in breast cancer patients in relation to the occurrence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods A total of 120 female breast cancer patients and women 100 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. PTSD status was assessed by questionnaire. Before and after treatment (modified radical mastectomy and chemotherapy), serum samples were collected and measured for levels of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) by ELISA. Oral ulcerative mucositis was evaluated by the number and duration of oral ulcers and the degree of pain. Results Breast cancer patients experienced long-term PTSD and had elevated serum T3 and T4 levels. Patients experienced more severe pain and longer duration of oral ulcers compared with the healthy group. Oral ulcers were significantly associated with PTSD score in terms of the number of ulcers (p=0.0025), the degree of pain (p<0.0001) and the duration of ulcers (p<0.0001). Conclusion These findings support that thyroid function is altered in breast cancer patients with PTSD. Elevation of T3 and T4 and oral ulcerative mucositis might be indicative of the emotional status of breast cancer patients.
New Developments in Breast Cancer Prognosis: Molecular Predictors of Treatment Response and Survival
Authors: Foo Eleanor MN , Boost Maureen V , Wong Anthony SW , Loo Wings TY , Chow Louis WC , Chow Christopher YC 
Published: June 2013

Aim This study aimed to assess the molecular subtypes of breast cancer for patients attending a dedicated breast care center and examine the association with clinicopathological features, treatment and survival outcomes. Methods Demographic, clinicopathological and treatment details were collected from women with primary breast cancer. Immunohistochemical subtypes were also collected. The association between breast cancer subtypes and clinicopathological features was assessed using the chi-square or Fisher's exact test. Survival outcomes were compared among subtypes with the log-rank test. Results Immunohistochemical subtypes were not associated with tumor size, lymphovascular invasion or lymph node involvement but differed by histological grade (p=0.014) and nuclear grade of tumors (p=0.001). The 5-year overall survival estimates for luminal A, luminal B, HER-2-positive and triple-negative tumors were 100%, 96.2%, 71.4% and 92.3% respectively. Compared to luminal A tumors (93.4%), luminal B (80.8%), HER-2-positive (71.4%) and triple-negative (76.9%) tumors exhibited a reduced disease-free survival (DFS). Patients with ER-positive tumors had a higher DFS than their ER-negative counterparts (p=0.036). Patients with tumors expressing a low Ki-67 level had a more favorable prognosis (p=0.02). Conclusions The most prevalent luminal A subtype is associated with relatively better prognosis, whereas HER-2-positive and triple-negative tumors are prone to early relapse with diminished survival.
Procalcitonin in Abdominal Exudate to Predict Prolonged Postoperative Ileus following Colorectal Carcinoma Surgery
Authors: Zhu Pengcheng , Liang Zhonglin , Fu Jihong , Chen Wei , Wang Zhongchuan , Jiang Honghua , Cui Long 
Published: June 2013

Background Prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) is a common problem after major abdominal surgery and can cause postoperative morbidity, extended hospitalization, as well as increased health care costs. Aim To investigate whether the levels of cytokines from abdominal exudate are predictive for early diagnosis of PPOI after colorectal surgery. Methods One hundred patients who had undergone elective resection for carcinoma of the sigmoid or rectum were recruited. The abdominal exudate was obtained from a drain tube after surgery to examine the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). The relationship between cytokine levels on postoperative day 1, 3 and 5 and the occurrence of PPOI was analyzed. Results Eight patients developed PPOI, which was diagnosed on postoperative day 10-15. PCT levels on postoperative day 1 and 3 were not significantly different between the 8 patients who developed PPOI and the 92 patients without PPOI. In contrast, PCT levels on day 5 were significantly higher in patients who developed PPOI than in patients without PPOI. The levels of CRP and TNF-α were irregular from day 1 to 5, and were not significantly different. Conclusions Increased PCT levels in abdominal exudate may predict PPOI in the early period following colorectal surgery.
Aberrant Promoter Methylation of PTEN Gene among Indian Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Alyasiri Nisreen S. , Ali Asgar , Kazim Zakia , Gupta Sunita , Mandal Ashish K. , Singh Ishwar , Rizvi Moshahid A. 
Published: June 2013

Background and aims Oral cancer is the second most common cancer in men and accounts for 50%-70% of the total cancer mortality in India. PTEN is a tumor suppressor gene that plays a critical role in controlling cell growth and survival. Promoter hypermethylation of the PTEN gene has been reported in many tumors. However, little is known about the association between promoter methylation and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Therefore, we aimed to detect the role of PTEN hypermethylation in OSCC patients in the Indian population. Methods Genomic DNA was isolated from 100 fresh oral tumor specimens and was subjected to bisulfite conversion. Methylation-specific PCR was employed on the converted DNA to investigate the methylation status. Results Of the total cases examined for PTEN promoter methylation we found that 35% were positive and 65% were negative. When evaluated in connection with tumor differentiation it was found that 82% of poorly differentiated, 24% of moderately differentiated and 32% of well differentiated OSCC samples were methylated. Methylation was further correlated with patient age, sex and tumor grade. Interestingly, we found that patient age and grade of differentiation were significantly associated with PTEN promoter methylation (p=0.05 and 0.0019, respectively) while sex was not (p=0.9). Conclusions The present study underlines the importance of PTEN hypermethylation among Indian OSCC patients.
The Ethics of History in Royce's The Spirit of Modern Philosophy
Authors: Harrelson Kevin J. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT
This essay examines the method and context that underlie Josiah Royce's The Spirit of Modern Philosophy (SMP). I locate this work among Royce's German influences, and I argue that SMP represents a considerable departure from his early Neo-Kantianism. In the concluding sections, I outline the ethical approach to historiography that Royce practices in SMP. Focusing on his polemic against Hans Vaihinger, I then draw from Royce some suggestions concerning how we should study and write the history of philosophy.
Sallis on Deuteros Plous: The Philosopher as Voyager
Authors: Freydberg Bernard 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT
Among the recurrent themes of John Sallis's Plato interpretation, the Socratic deuteros plous or “second sailing” occupies a major place. First treated by both Plato and Sallis in the Phaedo, the “second” acknowledges the impossibility for humans of a first voyage that would disclose the causes of all things in their originality. This essay is divided into four sections: (1) Sallis's reflections on the Phaedo, in which Socrates calls eikē phuro, “random mixing,” his only method; (2) his incorporation of Derridean themes into his reflections on deuteros plous, leading to his insights into a destabilizing in the very nature of logos; (3) his treatment of deuteros plous in Chorology, where he attests to the closing of access to a “first” beginning; and (4) his treatment of a nature in Force of Imagination and Topographies that remains inaccessible in its “first” form but occurs as immense and monstrous. In the conclusion, I return these interpretive developments to another of Sallis's guiding themes.
<b>Consciência fonológica e aprendizagem da linguagem escrita em crianças com Síndrome de Down nas pesquisas brasileiras</b>
Authors: Barby Ana Aparecida Machado , Guimarães Sandra Regina Kirchner 
Published: June 2013

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1984686X6687A existência de relação positiva entre a consciência fonológica e a aprendizagem da escrita em crianças com Síndrome de Down tem sido relatada por pesquisas brasileiras nos últimos anos. Este estudo teve por objetivo apresentar os resultados da investigação de teses, dissertações e artigos científicos que abordaram esta temática no período de 1995 a 2011, disponíveis nas bases de dados Lilacs, Scielo e Banco de Teses do Portal Capes. Para a realização das buscas foram utilizadas as expressões “síndrome de down” conjuntamente com “leitura e escrita”, “consciência fonológica”, “alfabetização fônica”, “fonologia”, “habilidades metafonológicas” e nos trabalhos identificados pelo título e/ou palavras-chave foram analisados os resumos. A partir dos resultados encontrados, foram identificadas 3 dissertações e 2 teses defendidas em programas de Pós-Graduação em Educação, Linguística, Psicologia e Educação Especial. Também foi possível localizar 6 artigos, publicados nas revistas: CEFAC, Psicologia: Reflexão Crítica, Pró-Fono: Revista de Atualização Científica e Revista de Educação Especial de Santa Maria. Concluiu-se que todos os estudos apontaram a existência de uma relação positiva entre o desenvolvimento da consciência fonológica e a aprendizagem da leitura e escrita em indivíduos com Síndrome de Down. Porém, as pesquisas sobre a temática ainda são pouco numerosas e recentes, sobretudo, as que avaliam a aplicação de programas de intervenção. Palavras-chave: Síndrome de Down; leitura e escrita; consciência fonológica.
Complications in Climate Data Classification: The Political and Cultural Production of Variable Names
Authors: Weber Nicholas M , Thomer Andrea K , Strand Gary 
Published: June 2013

<p>Model intercomparison projects are a unique and highly specialized form of data—intensive collaboration in the earth sciences. Typically, a set of pre‐determined boundary conditions (scenarios) are agreed upon by a community of model developers that then test and simulate each of those scenarios with individual ‘runs’ of a climate model. Because both the human expertise, and the computational power needed to produce an intercomparison project are exceptionally expensive, the data they produce are often archived for the broader climate science community to use in future research. Outside of high energy physics and astronomy sky surveys, climate modeling intercomparisons are one of the largest and most rapid methods of producing data in the natural sciences (Overpeck et al., 2010).</p><p>But, like any collaborative eScience project, the discovery and broad accessibility of this data is dependent on classifications and categorizations in the form of structured metadata—namely the Climate and Forecast (CF) metadata standard, which provides a controlled vocabulary to normalize the naming of a dataset’s variables. Intriguingly, the CF standard’s original publication notes, “…conventions have been developed only for things we know we need. Instead of trying to foresee the future, we have added features as required and will continue to do this” (Gregory, 2003). Yet, qualitatively we’ve observed that this is not the case; although the time period of intercomparison projects remains stable (2-3 years), the scale and complexity of models and their output continue to grow—and thus, data creation and variable names consistently outpace the ratification of CF.</p><p> </p>