bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Slot antenna for mobile base station using AMC
Authors: El-Gendy Mohamed S. , Abdullah Haythem H. , Abdallah Esmat A. 
Published: January 2014

In this paper, a new configuration of dual-band, dual-polarized microstrip antenna applicable to mobile base stations is proposed. The concept behind the new design is the use of an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) structure that operates in the required two bands beneath a radiating diamond shaped slot. The choice of the diamond-shaped slot is due to its support of an infinite number of resonant modes where the dimensions of the diamond shape have more degree of freedom that controls the excited modes when compared to the rectangular slot. The proposed antenna works over the 870–960 MHz (GSM850/GSM900) band and the 1710–2170 MHz (DCS1800/PCS1900/UMTS2100) bands for mobile communication systems. The antenna is suitable for transmitting and receiving mobile signals since it has two ports of orthogonal polarization. The antenna is fabricated on a combination of FR4 dielectric substrate and foam layers in order to achieve low cost. The proposed antenna yields high isolation between its two ports not exceeding −30 dB and a front-to-back ratio exceeding 15 dB. The average antenna gains are about 6.6 dBi at the GSM850/GSM900, 7.1 dBi at the DCS1800/PCS1900, and 6.8 dBi at the UMTS2100 bands. The theory of radiation is proved analytically and verified by comparing its results with some simulated results. Finally, a good agreement between the simulated and measured results is noticed.
Der Fragebogen zur Selbstwirksamkeit in der Erziehung (FSW)
Authors: Kliem Sören , Kessemeier Yvonne , Heinrichs Nina , Döpfner Manfred , Hahlweg Kurt 
Published: January 2014

Der 9 Items umfassende Fragebogen zur Selbstwirksamkeit in der Erziehung (FSW) wurde in Anlehnung an verschiedene international verbreitete Fragebögen entwickelt. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, den Fragebogen hinsichtlich seiner psychometrischen Güte sowie Validitätsaspekten zu überprüfen. Der FSW wurde anhand einer Stichprobe von N = 271 Müttern und N = 198 Vätern von Kindern zwischen 2.5 und 6.5 Jahren evaluiert. Für den Gesamtwert des FSW wurden gute interne Konsistenzen (Mütter: α = .78; Väter: α = .79) ermittelt. Die Zusammenhänge mit anderen Fragebögen fielen weitestgehend erwartungsgemäß aus. Der Fragebogen kann zukünftig in der Praxis und Forschung eingesetzt werden.
Portfolio Speculation and Commodity Price Volatility in a Stochastic Storage Model
Authors: Vercammen James , Doroudian Ali 
Published: January 2014

AbstractSimulated prices from a stochastic storage model are used to examine the price impacts of speculation by rational investors who diversify their financial portfolios by holding agricultural commodity futures. The main result is that rather than destabilizing commodity prices, as is commonly believed, portfolio speculation actually reduces price volatility. Portfolio speculation can potentially destabilize a commodity's price because the additional demand for long futures by speculators is expected to drive up the cash price during both periods of low net demand, when the cash price is below average, and periods of high net demand, when the cash price is above average. Our theoretical analysis demonstrates that the higher level of inventory that is associated with portfolio speculation results in a larger release of stocks during periods of high net demand. The price simulations reveal that this stock adjustment effect is strong since overall price volatility is smaller rather than larger with portfolio speculation.
Hedging and Speculative Trading in Agricultural Futures Markets
Authors: Fishe Raymond P. H. , Janzen Joseph P. , Smith Aaron 
Published: January 2014

AbstractRegulators and industry participants have expressed concern that excessive speculation harms agricultural futures markets. Such harm may arise if speculators cause prices to systematically differ from the price sequence that would arise in markets populated by equally informed traders with rational expectations (RE). We show theoretically that, when traders exhibit differences of opinion (DO) about the expected value of the commodity, futures prices may diverge from the RE equilibrium. Moreover, we develop a testable prediction, namely that positions held by different trader groups are correlated with prices in a DO equilibrium but not correlated in a RE equilibrium. We find strong empirical support for the DO‐type environment; changes in positions held by managed money traders are positively correlated with prices, and changes in positions held by producers are negatively correlated. In the context of our DO model, this finding implies that prices change by more on average than producers think they should and by less than managed money thinks they should. However, the evidence suggests that neither group is systematically more prescient than the other.
Characterization of the SOS meta-regulon in the human gut microbiome
Authors: Cornish Joseph P. , Sanchez-Alberola Neus , O’Neill Patrick K. , O'Keefe Ronald , Gheba Jameel , Erill Ivan 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Motivation: Data from metagenomics projects remain largely untapped for the analysis of transcriptional regulatory networks. Here, we provide proof-of-concept that metagenomic data can be effectively leveraged to analyze regulatory networks by characterizing the SOS meta-regulon in the human gut microbiome.
Results: We combine well-established in silico and in vitro techniques to mine the human gut microbiome data and determine the relative composition of the SOS network in a natural setting. Our analysis highlights the importance of translesion synthesis as a primary function of the SOS response. We predict the association of this network with three novel protein clusters involved in cell wall biogenesis, chromosome partitioning and restriction modification, and we confirm binding of the SOS response transcriptional repressor to sites in the promoter of a cell wall biogenesis enzyme, a phage integrase and a death-on-curing protein. We discuss the implications of these findings and the potential for this approach for metagenome analysis.
Contact: erill@umbc.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The effect of targeted stocking on behaviour and space utilization of a released finfish
Authors: Pursche Alexander R. , Suthers Iain M. , Taylor Matthew D. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Targeted stocking involves the release of fish directly into high-quality habitat, however this is often time-consuming, expensive and difficult. Acoustically tagged hatchery-reared juvenile mulloway Argyrosomus japonicus were released in groups directly into deep-hole habitat preferred by wild conspecifics (targeted stocking), or in a non-targeted fashion near easily accessible sites that lacked high-quality habitats in the direct vicinity. Fish were tracked continuously, 24 h d−1, for 5 d following release. Fish released in a targeted fashion showed lower mean activity rates (50% less movement) and occupied higher quality habitats than fish released in a non-targeted fashion. Fish released in a non-targeted fashion also used a greater number of smaller habitat patches. The implications for improvements in behaviour and habitat usage patterns for fish released in a targeted fashion, such as improved growth and survival, are discussed. Identifying and releasing fish directly into the species' high-quality habitat may ultimately improve the success of stocking programs.
The early life history of fish—there is still a lot of work to do!
Authors: Browman Howard I. , Skiftesvik Anne Berit 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The themed set of articles that follows this introduction contains a selection of the papers that were presented at the 36th Annual Larval Fish Conference (ALFC), convened in Osøyro, Norway, 2–6 July 2012. The conference was organized around four theme sessions, three of which are represented with articles in this collection: “Assessing the relative contribution of different sources of mortality in the early life stages of fishes”; “The contribution of mechanistic,behavioural, and physiological studies on fish larvae to ecosystem models”; “Effects of oil and natural gas surveys, extraction activity and spills on fish early life stages”. Looking back at the main themes of earlier conferences about the early life history of fish reveals that they were not very different from those of ALFC2012. Clearly, we still have a lot of work to do on these and other topics related to the biology and ecology of fish early life stages.
Could the planktonic stages of polar cod and Pacific sand lance compete for food in the warming Beaufort Sea?
Authors: Falardeau Marianne , Robert Dominique , Fortier Louis 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The boreal Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes hexapterus) was recently detected in southeastern Beaufort Sea (Canadian Arctic), numbering as the second most abundant ichthyoplankton species after the polar cod (Boreogadus saida) in 2011. We contrast the hatching periods, growth, prey selectivity, and feeding success of the planktonic stages of the two species. Polar cod hatched from January to mid-July and sand lance from mid-July to early September, precluding any competition among the larval stages. By weight, sand lance larvae grew 3.7 times faster than polar cod larvae. The co-occurring juveniles of both species fed primarily on copepods and to a lesser extent on bivalve larvae, shifting to larger prey with growth. The feeding success of both species appeared limited by the availability of their preferred prey. A significant diet overlap in juveniles >25 mm suggested potential competition for Pseudocalanus spp., Calanus spp., and bivalve larvae. However, sand lance strongly selected for nauplii while the more diversified diet of polar cod comprised mainly the copepodites of these species. Interspecific competition for food is unlikely at this time but is predicted to amplify with a climate-related reduction in the size of zooplankton prey and an increase in the abundance of sand lance.
Divestment laws, fiduciary duty, and pension fund management: an empirical examination
Authors: Ghahramani Salar 
Published: January 2014

Purpose
– This paper aims to conduct an empirical analysis of subnational laws of the USA that require public pension funds to divest from companies that are in business with Cuba, Iran, Syria, and Sudan and explores whether public fund officials may be in violation of their fiduciary duty responsibilities toward pension system beneficiaries as they execute state-mandated divestment schemes.

Design/methodology/approach
– A database search was conducted for specific federal laws, presidential executive orders, and departments, offices, and terminology relevant to the topic of the research to explore the extent by which states employ public pension divestment regimes inspired by the federal governments designation of the four countries labeled as state sponsors of terrorism. Quantitative and financial calculations were used to conduct the cost analysis of divestment laws.

Findings
– Divestment laws are costly for the beneficiaries. In the majority of the states that have divestment laws, the public funds, rather than the states, must cover the losses associated with divestment, resulting in pension fund trustees and managers having to take action that are in violation of their fiduciary duty responsibilities.

Research limitations/implications
– The study recommends a major overhaul of the current divestment laws.

Practical implications
– Divestment legislations must be revised as they cause a divergence of interests between state-driven political gestures, the fiduciary responsibilities of pension system trustees, and the financial interests of the beneficiaries.

Originality/value
– This is the first study that recommends specific legislative action that would resolve the divergence of interests between state-driven political gestures, the fiduciary responsibilities of pension system trustees, and the financial interests of the beneficiaries.
UK Bribery Act 2010: implications for business in Africa
Authors: Lagu Yanga Martina 
Published: January 2014

Purpose– This article aims to examine some of the implications of the UK Bribery Act (UKBA) 2010 for business in Africa and reviews the effectiveness of strategies African governments have adopted to prevent bribery. The author proposes the development of a bespoke anti-bribery management system (ABMS) based on empirical research. This would help African institutions overcome some of the challenges associated with enforcing regulatory measures formulated in developed countries.Design/methodology/approach– The paper takes the form of a literature review and commentary.Findings– The UKBA has extra-territorial jurisdiction which empowers UK courts to prosecute cases of bribery committed abroad by UK companies and their associates. The risk of prosecution is likely to affect foreign direct investment and official development aid flows to Africa. However, companies can escape prosecution if they can prove that they have adequate procedures in place to prevent bribery. This raises the question as to whether the legislation shifts the responsibility of fighting bribery to under-resourced overseas business partners and supply chains. While most African governments have adopted robust anti-bribery laws, their enforcement is hampered by weak institutions.Research limitations/implications– Empirical research is required to assess the impact of the legislation over the next five years.Practical implications– African organisations must be sensitised about the consequences of violating the UKBA to ensure they adopt appropriate anti-bribery strategies.Originality/value– This article contributes to literature by exploring the development of evidence based ABMS for African organisations which is currently lacking.
How publics react to crisis communication efforts
Authors: Timothy Coombs W. , Jean Holladay Sherry 
Published: January 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to provide a rationale and framework for examining stakeholder reactions to crisis communication messages in various social media channels. Stakeholders can become crisis communications by entering various sub-arenas of the larger rhetorical arena. The concept of sub-arena is presented and a case analysis used to illustrate the application and value of examining stakeholder crisis communicators during a crisis.Design/methodology/approach– Content analysis was used to evaluate publicly available social media messages posted on the Livestrong blog and theHuffington Postonline news site.Findings– The paper demonstrates that monitoring reactions of stakeholders can reveal how individuals can act as crisis communications in social media messages can serve as barometers the effectiveness of an organization's crisis response. The importance of examining multiple sub-arenas is considered due to the influence of supportive stakeholders in organizational social media.Research limitations/implications– Only two sub-arenas were analyzed using one crisis response during a crisis that extended over a number of months.Practical implications– The paper includes implications for the examination of social media messages from supportive stakeholder and neutral sub-arenas. The results provide indicators of the effectiveness of an organization's crisis response and how stakeholder messages in social media may contribute to or undermine the crisis response.Originality/value– This paper demonstrates the value of monitoring social media comments to gauge reactions to organizational crisis responses and demonstrates how stakeholders can function as informal crisis managers. It also begins the discussion of the value and conceptualization of sub-arenas.
Multiple-period market risk prediction under long memory: when VaR is higher than expected
Authors: Kinateder Harald , Wagner Niklas 
Published: January 2014

Purpose
– The paper aims to model multiple-period market risk forecasts under long memory persistence in market volatility.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper proposes volatility forecasts based on a combination of the GARCH(1,1)-model with potentially fat-tailed and skewed innovations and a long memory specification of the slowly declining influence of past volatility shocks. As the square-root-of-time rule is known to be mis-specified, the GARCH setting of Drost and Nijman is used as benchmark model. The empirical study of equity market risk is based on daily returns during the period January 1975 to December 2010. The out-of-sample accuracy of VaR predictions is studied for 5, 10, 20 and 60 trading days.

Findings
– The long memory scaling approach remarkably improves VaR forecasts for the longer horizons. This result is only in part due to higher predicted risk levels. Ex post calibration to equal unconditional VaR levels illustrates that the approach also enhances efficiency in allocating VaR capital through time.

Practical implications
– The improved VaR forecasts show that one should account for long memory when calibrating risk models.

Originality/value
– The paper models single-period returns rather than choosing the simpler approach of modeling lower-frequency multiple-period returns for long-run volatility forecasting. The approach considers long memory in volatility and has two main advantages: it yields a consistent set of volatility predictions for various horizons and VaR forecasting accuracy is improved.
It takes (more than) two to tango: informal tango market dynamics in Barcelona
Authors: Khlif Wafa , Pousset Joanna 
Published: January 2014

Purpose– This paper aims to address the tango market as a social institution by building on the notion of “globalization from below” as well as social capital theory to understand the market's dynamics as a part of the Barcelona grey economy and as one that supports immigration settlement and integration.Design/methodology/approach– The authors began with participant observation that helped the authors to capture the essence of the market, to observe the behaviours of the participants and then to interview different actors. For more than a year (October 2011-December 2012), the authors frequented various tango dancing floors and also attended different tango classes. The authors concentrated the interviews during the first quarter of 2013 (January-March). The authors conducted 15 recorded interviews with distinct categories of supplier to the tango market.Findings– The authors demonstrate how the resulting social exclusion is theraison d'êtreof globalization from below, through a cross-cultural symbiotic relationship. Moreover, the authors examine the causes of informal market relations and their impact on the nature of interactions among market participants.Originality/value– The tango in Barcelona is made up of a series of individual exchanges and transactions that create a functioning and ordered system. Economically speaking, it can be assumed as an emergent market. But this market is deeply embedded in a social and political context making it a social institution constructed in culturally specific ways. The local socio-political context opens the door to corruption, although not necessarily to breaking the law, allowing the market agents to remain within the system and “dance” with it. Their disobedience to the rule creates disorder but allows them to recreate a specific order.
Implementation and Assessment of Food Safety Educational Materials for Secondary and Postsecondary Education
Authors: Shearer Adrienne E.H. , Snider O. Sue , Kniel Kalmia E. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractPrevious studies have reported on the inadequacy of youth knowledge and practice of food safety principles. The formal high school science classroom environment presents an opportunity to stimulate interest and increase knowledge in food safety with potential benefits to students in improved science literacy, development of life skills, and greater awareness of career opportunities. Previously developed educational materials, Foodborne Illness Outbreak Investigations for Food Safety Education, were evaluated for instruction by high school and community college science educators of various subject matters including foods, microbiology, disease, and chemistry courses. Educator feedback was favorable on measures of quality, implementation ease, and student engagement, with ratings greater than 3 on a 5‐point scale corresponding to “good” to “excellent.” A positive change in familiarity with food safety concepts for 4 groups of students, representing approximately 77% of the participants, was demonstrated by an overall increase, ranging from 4% to 14%, in correct responses to a test administered before and after exposure to the materials. There was variation in degree of change and the topics positively impacted for student groups by subject matter.
Properties of Cassava Starch‐Based Edible Coating Containing Essential Oils
Authors: Oriani Vivian Boesso , Molina Gustavo , Chiumarelli Marcela , Pastore Gláucia Maria , Hubinger Miriam Dupas 
Published: January 2014

AbstractEdible coatings were produced using cassava starch (2% and 3% w/v) containing cinnamon bark (0.05% to 0.30% v/v) or fennel (0.05% to 0.30% v/v) essential oils. Edible cassava starch coating at 2% and 3% (w/v) containing or not containing 0.30% (v/v) of each essential oils conferred increased in water vapor resistance and decreased in the respiration rates of coated apple slices when compared with uncoated fruit. Cassava starch coatings (2% w/v) added 0.10% or 0.30% (v/v) fennel or cinnamon bark essential oils showed antioxidant capacity, and the addition of 0.30% (v/v) of each essential oil demonstrated antimicrobial properties. The coating containing cinnamon bark essential oil showed a significant antioxidant capacity, comparing to fennel essential oil. Antimicrobial tests showed that the addition of 0.30% (v/v) cinnamon bark essential oil to the edible coating inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella choleraesuis, and 0.30% fennel essential oil inhibited just S. aureus. Treatment with 2% (w/v) of cassava starch containing 0.30% (v/v) of the cinnamon bark essential oil showed barrier properties, an antioxidant capacity and microbial inhibition.
Fabrication of Low‐Cost, Cementless Femoral Stem 316L Stainless Steel Using Investment Casting Technique
Authors: Baharuddin Mohd Yusof , Salleh Sh‐Hussain , Suhasril Andril Arafat , Zulkifly Ahmad Hafiz , Lee Muhammad Hisyam , Omar Mohd Afian , Abd Kader Ab Saman , Mohd Noor Alias , A. Harris Arief Ruhullah , Abdul Majid Norazman 
Published: January 2014

AbstractTotal hip arthroplasty is a flourishing orthopedic surgery, generating billions of dollars of revenue. The cost associated with the fabrication of implants has been increasing year by year, and this phenomenon has burdened the patient with extra charges. Consequently, this study will focus on designing an accurate implant via implementing the reverse engineering of three‐dimensional morphological study based on a particular population. By using finite element analysis, this study will assist to predict the outcome and could become a useful tool for preclinical testing of newly designed implants. A prototype is then fabricated using 316L stainless steel by applying investment casting techniques that reduce manufacturing cost without jeopardizing implant quality. The finite element analysis showed that the maximum von Mises stress was 66.88 MPa proximally with a safety factor of 2.39 against endosteal fracture, and micromotion was 4.73 μm, which promotes osseointegration. This method offers a fabrication process of cementless femoral stems with lower cost, subsequently helping patients, particularly those from nondeveloped countries.