bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caregiver Quality of Life Is Related to Severity of Otitis Media in Children
Authors: Blank Sarah J. , Grindler David J. , Schulz Kristine A. , Witsell David L. , Lieu Judith E. C. 
Published: April 2014

ObjectiveOtitis media (OM) in children is the most frequent reason for physician visits in developed countries and burdens caregivers, society, and the child. Our objective was to describe the impact of OM severity on parent/caregiver quality of life (QoL).Study DesignMulti‐institutional prospective cross‐sectional study.SettingOtolaryngology, family, and pediatric practices.Subjects and MethodsChildren 6 to 24 months old with and without a primary diagnosis of recurrent OM and their caregivers. Physicians provided patient history, and parents/caregivers completed a Family Information Form, the PedsQL Family Impact survey, the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) survey, and the OM 6‐item severity survey (OM‐6).ResultsA total of 2413 subjects were enrolled and data from 1208 patients and physician were analyzed. The average child age was 16 months, and 54% were male. The mean OM‐6 score was 3.2. The mean PedsQL Family Impact score for parents was 66.9 from otolaryngology sites and 78.8 from pediatrics/family practice sites (P <. 001). Higher (worse) OM‐6 scores correlated significantly with worse PedsQL Family Impact scores (Pearson r = −0.512, P <. 01). Similarly, increasing OM‐6 scores strongly correlated with increased parental anxiety, depression, and fatigue, as well as decreased satisfaction (all P <. 01).ConclusionsWorse PedsQL Family Impact and PROMIS scores were highly correlated with elevated OM‐6 scores, suggesting that severity of childhood OM significantly affects parent/caregiver QoL. Understanding the impact of a child's illness on parent/caregiver QoL can help physicians counsel patients and families and provide better family‐centered, compassionate care.
Pattern of Failure in Surgically Treated Patients with Cervical Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Cao Cai‐Neng , Liu Shao‐Yan , Luo Jing‐Wei , Gao Li , Xu Guo‐Zhen , Xu Zhen‐Gang , Tang Ping‐Zhang 
Published: April 2014

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to analyze the pattern of failure in patients who have undergone surgical resection for cervical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingUniversity hospital.Subjects and MethodsSixty‐two patients who had undergone surgical resection of cervical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from January 2001 through April 2012. Sites of failure were documented.ResultsTwenty‐nine patients had developed treatment failure. Of the 29 patients, 14, 13, and 14 had developed local failure, regional failure, and distant metastasis, respectively. Of the 13 regional failures, the images of 2 patients were lost. The other 11 regional failures included left lateral nodal disease at level II (n = 2), level III (n = 4), and level IV (n = 7); right lateral nodal disease at level II (n = 2), level III (n = 3), and level IV (n = 3); and level VI (n = 4). The overall 2‐year local failure–free survival rate and regional failure–free survival rates were 79.6% and 58.6% (P =. 04) for patients with stage II disease and 79.6% and 59.6% (P =. 054) for patients with stage III disease, respectively.ConclusionsThe pattern of failure of cervical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is characterized by early locoregional failure, especially in patients with stage III disease.
Factors Predicting Rotator Cuff Retears
Authors: Le Brian T.N. , Wu Xiao L. , Lam Patrick H. , Murrell George A.C. 
Published: April 2014

Background: The rate of retears after rotator cuff repair varies from 11% to 94%. A retear is associated with poorer subjective and objective clinical outcomes than intact repair. Purpose: This study was designed to determine which preoperative and/or intraoperative factors held the greatest association with retears after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: This study retrospectively evaluated 1000 consecutive patients who had undergone a primary rotator cuff repair by a single surgeon using an arthroscopic inverted-mattress knotless technique and who had undergone an ultrasound evaluation 6 months after surgery to assess repair integrity. Exclusion criteria included previous rotator cuff repair on the same shoulder, incomplete repair, and repair using a synthetic polytetrafluoroethylene patch. All patients had completed the modified L’Insalata Questionnaire and underwent a clinical examination before surgery. Measurements of tear size, tear thickness, associated shoulder injury, tissue quality, and tendon mobility were recorded intraoperatively. Results: The overall retear rate at 6 months after surgery was 17%. Retears occurred in 27% of full-thickness tears and 5% of partial-thickness tears ( P < .0001). The best independent predictors of retears were anteroposterior tear length (correlation coefficient r = 0.41, P < .0001), tear size area ( r = 0.40, P < .0001), mediolateral tear length ( r = 0.34, P < .0001), tear thickness ( r = 0.29, P < .0001), age at surgery ( r = 0.27, P < .0001), and operative time ( r = 0.18, P < .0001). These factors produced a predictive model for retears: logit P = (0.039 × age at surgery in years) + (0.027 × tear thickness in %) + (1 × anteroposterior tear length in cm) + (0.76 × mediolateral tear length in cm) – (0.17 × tear size area in cm2) + (0.018 × operative time in minutes) –9.7. Logit P can be transformed into P, which is the chance of retears at 6 months after surgery. Conclusion: A rotator cuff retear is a multifactorial process with no single preoperative or intraoperative factor being overwhelmingly predictive of it. Nevertheless, rotator cuff tear size (tear dimensions, tear size area, and tear thickness) showed stronger associations with retears at 6 months after surgery than did measures of tissue quality and concomitant shoulder injuries.
Bony Landmarks of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tibial Footprint
Authors: Tensho Keiji , Shimodaira Hiroki , Aoki Tetsuhiro , Narita Nobuyo , Kato Hiroyuki , Kakegawa Akira , Fukushima Nanae , Moriizumi Tetsuji , Fujii Masahiro , Fujinaga Yasunari , Saito Naoto 
Published: April 2014

Background: Although the importance of tibial tunnel position for achieving stability after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction was recently recognized, there are fewer detailed reports of the anatomy of the tibial topographic footprint compared with the femoral side. Hypothesis: The ACL tibial footprint has a relationship to bony prominences and surrounding bony landmarks. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: This study consisted of 2 anatomic procedures for the identification of bony prominences that correspond to the ACL tibial footprint and 3 surrounding landmarks: the anterior ridge, lateral groove, and intertubercular fossa. In the first procedure, after computed tomography (CT) was performed on 12 paired, embalmed cadaveric knees, 12 knees were visually observed, while their contralateral knees were histologically observed. Comparisons were made between macroscopic and microscopic findings and 3-dimensional (3D) CT images of these bony landmarks. In the second procedure, the shape of the bony prominence and incidence of their bony landmarks were evaluated from the preoperative CT data of 60 knee joints. Results: In the first procedure, we were able to confirm a bony prominence and all 3 surrounding landmarks by CT in all cases. Visual evaluation confirmed a small bony eminence at the anterior boundary of the ACL. The lateral groove was not confirmed macroscopically. The ACL was not attached to the lateral intercondylar tubercle, ACL tibial ridge, and intertubercular space at the posterior boundary. Histological evaluation confirmed that the anterior ridge and lateral groove were positioned at the anterior and lateral boundaries, respectively. There was no ligament tissue on the intercondylar space corresponding to the intercondylar fossa. In the second investigation, the bony prominence showed 2 morphological patterns: an oval type (58.3%) and a triangular type (41.6%). The 3 bony landmarks, including the anterior ridge, lateral groove, and intertubercular fossa, existed in 96.6%, 100.0%, and 96.6% of the cases, respectively. Conclusion: There is a bony prominence corresponding to the ACL footprint and bony landmarks on the anterior, posterior, and lateral boundaries. Clinical Relevance: The study results may help create an accurate and reproducible tunnel, which is essential for successful ACL reconstruction surgery.
The Effect of a Donor Milk Policy on the Diet of Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Marinelli Kathleen A. , Lussier Mary M. , Brownell Elizabeth , Herson Victor C. , Hagadorn James I. 
Published: April 2014

Background: Use of donor milk (DM) to supplement mother’s own milk (MOM) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is steadily increasing based on health and developmental benefits to premature infants. A paucity of data exists documenting the effect of DM use on the diet of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants related to the implementation of a DM policy. Objective: This study aimed to compare VLBW enteral intake type in the first 28 days of life before versus after establishing a DM policy. Methods: This single-center pre–post prospective cohort study included all inborn infants ≤ 1500 grams in a level 4 NICU remaining hospitalized at 28 days and admitted either before (pre-DM period, October 2009–March 2010) or after (DM period, October 2010–September 2012) implementing a DM policy. The feeding protocol was unchanged in both periods. Collected data included maternal/infant demographics, infant clinical data, and daily volume of enteral intake as MOM, DM, and formula. The proportion of enteral feeds from these sources during the first 28 days of life was compared pre-DM versus DM. Results: Compared to pre-DM baseline, formula exposure was significantly decreased, and human milk exposure and proportion of diet as human milk increased. The proportion of infants fed exclusively human milk increased. Exposure to and proportion of diet as MOM was unchanged. Infants were fed earlier in the DM period. Conclusion: Establishment of a DM policy was associated with reduced exposure to formula, promoting an exclusively human milk diet, with earlier initiation of feeds and no decrease in use of MOM.
Experimental prestorage filtration removes antibodies and decreases lipids in RBC supernatants mitigating TRALI in vivo
Authors: Silliman Christopher C. , Kelher Marguerite R. , Khan Samina Y. , LaSarre Monica , West F. Bernadette , Land Kevin J. , Mish Barbara , Ceriano Linda , Sowemimo-Coker Samuel 
Published: April 2014

Key PointsTRALI may be induced by antibodies to HLA or HNA antigens or lipids, which accumulate during storage. Prestorage experimental filtration of RBCs removes HLA and HNA antibodies, decreases lipid priming activity, and mitigates TRALI in an animal model.
SATB1 overexpression promotes malignant T-cell proliferation in cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disease by repressing p21
Authors: Wang Yang , Gu Xiaoguang , Zhang Gaolei , Wang Lin , Wang Tingting , Zhao Yun , Zhang Xiuyan , Zhou Youwen , Kadin Marshall , Tu Ping 
Published: April 2014

Key PointsSATB1 is specifically overexpressed in the CD30+ lymphoma cells in cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disease. SATB1 promotes proliferation of CD30+ lymphoma cells by direct transcriptional repression of cell cycle inhibitor p21.
Evaluation of bendamustine in combination with fludarabine in primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells
Authors: El-Mabhouh Amal A. , Ayres Mary L. , Shpall Elizabeth J. , Baladandayuthapani Veerabhadran , Keating Michael J. , Wierda William G. , Gandhi Varsha 
Published: April 2014

Key PointsThe fludarabine and bendamustine combination is cytotoxic to CLL cells even in the presence of a protective microenvironment. H2AX activation was maximum with the combination, and unscheduled DNA synthesis induced by bendamustine was blocked by fludarabine.
Biochemical and functional characterization of Plasmodium falciparum GTP cyclohydrolase I
Authors: Kümpornsin Krittikorn , Kotanan Namfon , Chobson Pornpimol , Kochakarn Theerarat , Jirawatcharadech Piyaporn , Jaru-ampornpan Peera , Yuthavong Yongyuth , Chookajorn Thanat 
Published: April 2014

Abstract

Background
Antifolates are currently in clinical use for malaria preventive therapy and treatment. The drugs kill the parasites by targeting the enzymes in the de novo folate pathway. The use of antifolates has now been limited by the spread of drug-resistant mutations. GTP cyclohydrolase I (GCH1) is the first and the rate-limiting enzyme in the folate pathway. The amplification of the gch1 gene found in certain Plasmodium falciparum isolates can cause antifolate resistance and influence the course of antifolate resistance evolution. These findings showed the importance of P. falciparum GCH1 in drug resistance intervention. However, little is known about P. falciparum GCH1 in terms of kinetic parameters and functional assays, precluding the opportunity to obtain the key information on its catalytic reaction and to eventually develop this enzyme as a drug target.

Methods

Plasmodium falciparum GCH1 was cloned and expressed in bacteria. Enzymatic activity was determined by the measurement of fluorescent converted neopterin with assay validation by using mutant and GTP analogue. The genetic complementation study was performed in ∆folE bacteria to functionally identify the residues and domains of P. falciparum GCH1 required for its enzymatic activity. Plasmodial GCH1 sequences were aligned and structurally modeled to reveal conserved catalytic residues.

Results
Kinetic parameters and optimal conditions for enzymatic reactions were determined by the fluorescence-based assay. The inhibitor test against P. falciparum GCH1 is now possible as indicated by the inhibitory effect by 8-oxo-GTP. Genetic complementation was proven to be a convenient method to study the function of P. falciparum GCH1. A series of domain truncations revealed that the conserved core domain of GCH1 is responsible for its enzymatic activity. Homology modelling fits P. falciparum GCH1 into the classic Tunnelling-fold structure with well-conserved catalytic residues at the active site.

Conclusions
Functional assays for P. falciparum GCH1 based on enzymatic activity and genetic complementation were successfully developed. The assays in combination with a homology model characterized the enzymatic activity of P. falciparum GCH1 and the importance of its key amino acid residues. The potential to use the assay for inhibitor screening was validated by 8-oxo-GTP, a known GTP analogue inhibitor.
Leukemoid reaction in sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma: a two-case report
Authors: Huang Weiping , Wang Feng , Li Yeping , Duan Feifei , Yu Zhixian 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Leukemoid reaction is defined as reactive leukocytosis exceeding 40 × 109/l, with a significant increase in early neutrophil precursors, and can be a paraneoplastic manifestation of various malignant tumors. Leukemoid reaction is a sign for poor prognosis in solid tumors so is sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (SRCC) when compared to more differentiated histologies. Here, we are reporting two cases of leukemoid reaction after radical nephrectomy, both of which were diagnosed as SRCC pathologically. The operations were successful: no complications were observed and the patients were discharged in good condition. However, a few weeks later, the white blood cell (WBC) count gradually increased. Even though routine management was done immediately, the count was still elevating. A diagnosis of a leukemoid reaction was established and both of them died shortly thereafter. Due to the poor prognosis of most patients with malignant leukemoid reaction, leukemoid reaction may be a predictor of prognosis in patients with SRCC, but more data are needed.
Smoking at time of diagnosis and breast cancer-specific survival: new findings and systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Bérubé Sylvie , Lemieux Julie , Moore Lynne , Maunsell Elizabeth , Brisson Jacques 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Introduction
In women with breast cancer who smoke, it is unclear whether smoking could impair their survival from the disease.

Methods
We examined the relation of smoking at diagnosis to breast cancer-specific and overall survival among 5,892 women with invasive breast cancer treated in one Canadian center (1987 to 2008). Women were classified as never, former or current smokers. Current smokers were further classified according to total, intensity and duration of smoking. Deaths were identified through linkage to population mortality data. Cox proportional-hazards multivariate models were used. A systematic review with meta-analysis combines new findings with published results.

Results
Compared with never smokers, current smokers at diagnosis had a slightly, but not statistically significant, higher breast cancer-specific mortality (hazard ratio = 1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.97 to 1.37). Among current smokers, breast cancer-specific mortality increased with total exposure to, intensity and duration of smoking (all Ptrend <0.05). Compared to never smokers, breast cancer-specific mortality was 32 to 56% higher among heavy smokers (more than 30 pack years of smoking, more than 20 cigarettes per day or more than 30 years of smoking). Smoking at diagnosis was associated with an increased all-cause mortality rate. A meta-analysis of all studies showed a statistically significant, 33% increased mortality from breast cancer in women with breast cancer who are smokers at diagnosis compared to never smokers (hazard ratio = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.58).

Conclusions
Available evidence to date indicates that smoking at diagnosis is associated with a reduction of both overall and breast cancer-specific survival. Studies of the effect of smoking cessation after diagnosis on breast cancer-specific outcomes are needed.
Immobilization of a Lipase on Mesocellular Foam of Silica for Biocatalysis in Low-water-containing Organic Solvents
Authors: Kannan Kayambu , Mukherjee Joyeeta , Gupta Munishwar N 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Unfunctionalized mesocellular foam of silica was used for immobilization of the lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus. In the first approach, lipase was adsorbed onto polyethyleneimine-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and these particles in turn were bound to the foam interior to obtain the immobilized preparation [(PEI–Fe3O4)–TLL]–MCF. In the second method, PEI-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles were bound to the foam, and the lipase was bound to the composite to obtain [MCF–(PEI–Fe3O4)]–TLL as the immobilized preparation. The second preparation was found to be better in terms of surface area (397 m2 g−1), pore diameter (112 Å), and total pore volume (2.5 cm3 g−1). This preparation also performed better for synthesis of hexyl butyrate and biodiesel.
Synthesis and Structure of an η2-Silanimine-coordinated Half-sandwich-type Titanium Complex
Authors: Okazaki Masaaki , Ebina Shoya 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The reaction of [Cp*TiCl3] (Cp*: η5-C5Me5) with LiNtBu(SiMe2H) gave [Cp*Ti{NtBu(SiMe2H)}Cl2] (1), in which weak η2-SiH coordination to the titanium center was confirmed by NMR and X-ray diffraction analyses. Further treatment of 1 with MeLi in the presence of PMe3 afforded the silanimine-coordinated complex [Cp*Ti(η2-Me2SiNtBu)Cl(PMe3)] (2).
High fashion in film: Italian identity and global anxiety in Valentino: The Last Emperor and Gomorrah
Authors: Tulante Meriel 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The intersection between the Italian high-fashion industry and its relationship to national identity is explored in two 2008 films, Valentino: The Last Emperor (Tyrnauer, 2008) and Gomorrah (Garrone, 2008). The decline of high fashion problematizes Italy’s projection on a global stage of a national identity closely linked to its ‘Made in Italy’ brands and superiority in design. Both films conceptualize fashion as a salient cultural institution that is at the apex of pressing social, political and economic issues facing Italy as the country re-evaluates its construction of national identity. By visually exploiting the tension between the perfect exterior presentation of the fashion industry and the less appealing underlying realities, the directors challenge cinematically the boundaries between fiction and reality in identity construction at both national and global levels. The films showcase the performative creation of national symbols and in both the illusory quality of narratives of national identity emerges in the directors’ generically divergent yet topically convergent emphasis on the fiction of the constructed image.
From the state to the regions: The devolution of Italian cinema
Authors: Cucco Marco 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Italian cinema has often been a battle-ground between national government and local administrations. Since 1975 many laws have been passed in order to find a compromise between centralized control of filmic activities and a collective management that involving the State and local institutions. Despite the controversy, in the past two decades local administrations have become aware of the economic benefits from supporting film productions. Therefore they have been implementing film-friendly measures (film commissions, film funds, film incentives and tax revenues). At the same time the Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali/Ministry for Cultural Heritage and Activities is reconsidering its mission by moving from financing films to becoming a promoter, financier and regulator of the Italian cinema industry as a whole. This article analyses how in the past 35 years the Italian state and regions have negotiated their powers regarding cinematographic activities. It also examines the development of film commissions and film funds introduced by local administrations for supporting film production. The final part of the article suggests that financing and regulation of film production in Italy is experiencing a decentralization process.