bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Process optimization and kinetic modeling of ultrasound assisted lactic acid production
Authors: Kanimozhi N. V. , Sukumar M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe impact of ultrasound‐assisted fermentation using Lactobacillus species was investigated, for enhanced lactic acid production. The different ultrasound frequencies of 20, 30, and 40 Hz, with time intervals of 3, 4, and 5 min, and with corn steep liquor concentrations of 1%–3% were examined using response surface methodology‐Box–Behnken design. The growth of lactic acid production was modeled by Contois model (linear) and Baranyi–Roberts model (nonlinear), assessing the suitability of Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus acidophilus for industrial processes. At 34 h, the maximal lactic acid generation of L. paracasei, L. plantarum, and L. acidophilus was 85.2%, 82.1%, and 79.4%, respectively. The R2, μmax, and Ks values for L. paracasei and L. plantarum were found to be 0.9158, 0.574 h−1, 54.27 g/L and 0.9426, 0.294 h−1, 22.66 g/L, respectively, using Contois model. The observed R2 values of Baranyi–Roberts model for the strains L. acidophilus, L. paracasei, and L. plantarum were 0.9947, 0.9954, and 0.9998, respectively.Practical ApplicationsLactic acid is crucial in the fermentation process for products like yogurt, sauerkraut, kimchi, and pickles, enhancing flavor, texture, and shelf life. As a precursor to biodegradable plastics, lactic acid contributes to the development of sustainable packaging materials and environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional plastics. Utilizing waste corn steep liquor (CSL) as a growth medium presents a sustainable and cost‐effective solution for lactic acid production, capitalizing on its rich nutrient profile to enhance microbial growth. As a byproduct of corn wet milling, using CSL for fermentation processes promotes waste valorization and contributes to a circular economy. The optimization of fermentation conditions using the Box–Behnken design ensures maximum yield and efficiency by systematically evaluating the effects of key process variables. Integrating advanced growth curve models like the Contois and Baranyi models further refines the understanding and prediction of microbial dynamics, enabling precise control over the fermentation process. This comprehensive approach not only promotes the efficient use of industrial by‐products but also advances the development of environmentally friendly and economically viable bioprocesses.
The plant terpenes DMNT and TMTT function as signaling compounds that attract Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis) to maize plants
Authors: Zhao Mengjie , Huang Shijie , Zhang Qingyang , Wei Yuming , Tao Zhen , Wang Chuanhong , Zhao Yibing , Zhang Xinqiao , Dong Jinghui , Wang Ling , Chen Chen , Wang Tengyue , Li Peijin 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTDuring their co‐evolution with herbivorous insects, plants have developed multiple defense strategies that resist pests, such as releasing a blend of herbivory‐induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) that repel pests or recruit their natural enemies. However, the responses of insects to HIPVs in maize (Zea mays L.) are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that the Asian corn borer (ACB, Ostrinia furnacalis), a major insect pest of maize, shows a preference for maize pre‐infested with ACB larvae rather than being repelled by these plants. Through combined transcriptomic and metabolomics analysis of ACB‐infested maize seedlings, we identified two substances that explain this behavior: (E)‐4,8‐dimethylnona‐1,3,7‐triene (DMNT) and (3E,7E)‐4,8,12‐trimethyltrideca‐1,3,7,11‐tetraene (TMTT). DMNT and TMTT attracted ACB larvae, and knocking out the maize genes responsible for their biosynthesis via gene editing impaired this attraction. External supplementation with DMNT/TMTT hampered the larvae's ability to locate pre‐infested maize. These findings uncover a novel role for DMNT and TMTT in driving the behavior of ACB. Genetic modification of maize to make it less detectable by ACB might be an effective strategy for developing maize germplasm resistant to ACB and for managing this pest effectively in the field.
The OsAGO2–OsNAC300–OsNAP module regulates leaf senescence in rice
Authors: Zheng Shaoyan , Chen Junyu , He Ying , Lu Jingqin , Chen Hong , Liang Zipeng , Zhang Junqi , Liu Zhenlan , Li Jing , Zhuang Chuxiong 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTLeaves play a crucial role in the growth and development of rice (Oryza sativa) as sites for the production of photosynthesis. Early leaf senescence leads to substantial drops in rice yields. Whether and how DNA methylation regulates gene expression and affects leaf senescence remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that mutations in rice ARGONAUTE 2 (OsAGO2) lead to premature leaf senescence, with chloroplasts in Osago2 having lower chlorophyll content and an abnormal thylakoid structure compared with those from wild‐type plants. We show that OsAGO2 associates with a 24‐nt microRNA and binds to the promoter region of OsNAC300, which causes DNA methylation and suppressed expression of OsNAC300. Overexpressing OsNAC300 causes the similar premature leaf senescence as Osago2 mutants and knocking out OsNAC300 in the Osago2 mutant background suppresses the early senescence of Osago2 mutants. Based on yeast one‐hybrid, dual‐luciferase, and electrophoresis mobility shift assays, we propose that OsNAC300 directly regulates transcription of the key rice aging gene NAC‐like, activated by APETALA3/PISTILLATA (OsNAP) to control leaf senescence. Our results unravel a previously unknown epigenetic regulatory mechanism underlying leaf senescence in which OsAGO2–OsNAC300–OsNAP acts as a key regulatory module of leaf senescence to maintain leaf function.
Qualitative evaluation of a package of implementation strategies codesigned to support the introduction of multiple micronutrient supplementation (MMS) for pregnant women in Bamako, Mali
Authors: Ba Aissata , Fox Monica J. , Keita Adama Mamby , Hurley Kristen M. , King Shannon E. , Sow Samba , Diarra Kounandji , Djiteye Mahamane , Kanté Baba Seydou , Coulibaly Moussa , Dembele Ousmane , Noguchi Lisa M. , Sripad Pooja , Winch Peter J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMali national policy recommends that women take iron and folic acid supplements (IFA) from the time of the first antenatal care (ANC) visit, throughout pregnancy and during the first 3 months after delivery. In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) updated their ANC guidelines to recommend the United Nations International Multiple Micronutrient Antenatal Preparation (UNIMMAP) formulation of multiple micronutrient supplements (MMS) in the context of rigorous research, including implementation research. In Bamako, Mali, a codesign process was used to tailor antenatal care MMS packaging and counselling materials aimed at optimizing delivery and uptake of and adherence to MMS. This paper presents the codesign process along with the results of a post‐intervention qualitative assessment to evaluate the behaviour change intervention. At the conclusion of the intervention, we conducted semistructured qualitative interviews with 24 women who had received the intervention and six pharmacy managers from the six health centres participating in the study. We conducted two focus groups with midwives who had delivered the intervention and two group discussions with family members of women who had received the intervention. Respondent perspectives reveal an easy experience transitioning from previously used IFA. Women and providers concur that the intervention counselling materials and visual aids were instrumental in influencing the perceived benefit and uptake of MMS. Family members play an influential role in pregnant women's decision‐making regarding MMS uptake. MMS and the associated implementation strategies developed through the codesign process were found to be a highly acceptable intervention.
Monetary policy, income distribution and semi‐autonomous demand in the US
Authors: Avritzer Joana David , Barbieri Goes Maria Cristina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe empirically explore the role of monetary and distribution shocks on semi‐autonomous demand under a supermultiplier framework. We use quarterly data for the United States from 1968 to 2022 and apply a SVAR model to investigate the effect of changes in financial and distributive variables on autonomous expenditure. We find that: (i) the federal funds rate has a negative and statistically significant effect on autonomous expenditure; (ii) a positive shock in the wage share (WS) has a negative effect on non‐revolving consumer credit (CC) and a transitory positive effect on induced consumption; (iii) a positive shock in aggregated autonomous demand has a positive, persistent, and significant effect on induced consumption and, output, as well as on the adjusted WS; (iv) a positive shock in private residential investment has a positive, persistent and statistically significant effect on other autonomous components of demand and output; (v) while residential investment positively influences CC and durable consumption, the inverse does not hold.
Synaptic gene expression changes in frontotemporal dementia due to the MAPT 10 + 16 mutation
Authors: Dando Owen , McGeachan Robert , McQueen Jamie , Baxter Paul , Rockley Nathan , McAlister Hannah , Prasad Adharsh , He Xin , King Declan , Rose Jamie , Jones Phillip B. , Tulloch Jane , Chandran Siddharthan , Smith Colin , Hardingham Giles , Spires‐Jones Tara L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsMutations in the MAPT gene encoding tau protein can cause autosomal dominant neurodegenerative tauopathies including frontotemporal dementia (often with Parkinsonism). In Alzheimer's disease, the most common tauopathy, synapse loss is the strongest pathological correlate of cognitive decline. Recently, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging with synaptic tracers revealed clinically relevant loss of synapses in primary tauopathies; however, the molecular mechanisms leading to synapse degeneration in primary tauopathies remain largely unknown. In this study, we examined post‐mortem brain tissue from people who died with frontotemporal dementia with tau pathology (FTDtau) caused by the MAPT intronic exon 10 + 16 mutation, which increases splice variants containing exon 10 resulting in higher levels of tau with four microtubule‐binding domains.MethodsWe used RNA sequencing and histopathology to examine temporal cortex and visual cortex, to look for molecular phenotypes compared to age, sex and RNA integrity matched participants who died without neurological disease (n = 12 FTDtau10 + 16 and 13 controls).ResultsBulk tissue RNA sequencing reveals substantial downregulation of gene expression associated with synaptic function. Upregulated biological pathways in human MAPT 10 + 16 brain included those involved in transcriptional regulation, DNA damage response and neuroinflammation. Histopathology confirmed increased pathological tau accumulation in FTDtau10 + 16 cortex as well as a loss of presynaptic protein staining and region‐specific increased colocalization of phospho‐tau with synapses in temporal cortex.ConclusionsOur data indicate that synaptic pathology likely contributes to pathogenesis in FTDtau10 + 16 caused by the MAPT 10 + 16 mutation.
Antiviral potential of extracts from Myriogloea major against herpes simplex type 1, 2 and bovine coronavirus
Authors: Conesa Ana Lucía , Dellatorre Fernando Gaspar , Latour Ezequiel , Ponce Nora Marta Andrea , Stortz Carlos A. , Scolaro Luis Alberto , Álvarez Vera Alejandra , Lassalle Verónica Leticia , Ayala‐Peña Victoria Belen 
Published: August 2024

SUMMARYFucose‐rich sulfated polysaccharides such as fucoidans are primarily found in brown algae. These compounds possess interesting pharmacological perspectives for antiviral and antioxidant drug development. The brown alga Myriogloea major (Chordariaceae, Ectocarpales) is an endemic brown alga from Argentine Patagonia similar to other members of the Chordariaceae family used as a commercial source of fucoidans. In the present study, M. major was extracted with diluted hydrochloric acid (pH 2) solution in a protocol usually utilized for obtaining fucoidans. The dry weight from two extracts at different extraction stages (E1 and E2) represented 42% of the extracted dried biomass. Chemical analysis showed that the extracts contained between 15% (E2) and 20% (E1) of sulfate esters and approximately 80% of fucose constituents on their polysaccharides. The total phenolic content was lower than 1% (gallic acid equivalents). We analyzed the antioxidant activity of these extracts against the anti‐herpes simplex virus (HSV)‐1, HSV‐2 and bovine coronavirus. The antioxidant activity was lower than 50% at a concentration of 1 mg mL−1 in both extracts. Our findings demonstrate that, in the presence of these extracts, the viral adsorption and internalization were reduced by up to 75%. By applying its antiviral action to block the viral infection, the progeny virus released from host cells was significantly restricted, without affecting cell‐to‐cell spread of virus or virus viability.
Cutoff for a class of auto‐regressive models with vanishing additive noise
Authors: Gerencsér Balázs , Ottolini Andrea 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe analyze the convergence rates for a family of auto‐regressive Markov chains on Euclidean space depending on a parameter , where at each step a randomly chosen coordinate is replaced by a noisy damped weighted average of the others. The interest in the model comes from the connection with a certain Bayesian scheme introduced by de Finetti in the analysis of partially exchangeable data. Our main result shows that, when n gets large (corresponding to a vanishing noise), a cutoff phenomenon occurs.
Participation in a daily diary study about suicide ideation yields no iatrogenic effects: A mixed method analysis
Authors: Love H. A. , Morgan P. , Smith P. N. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionDespite evidence that participation in suicide research is not associated with worsening ideation, behaviors, or intent, the rise of intensive longitudinal methods to assess ideation and behaviors necessitates further investigation for potential iatrogenic effects. The present study assessed rates of change in suicide ideation (SI) in a 10‐day daily diary study.MethodsSeventy‐two adult participants with ongoing SI participated in 10 daily diary surveys and three follow‐up assessments. One open‐ended item was included to address participant experiences in the study.ResultsA multilevel piecewise growth model revealed steady declines in SI for participants over the 10 days. However, rates of SI increased during the follow‐up assessments, indicating that participation in the daily surveys was associated with general reductions in SI. Further, qualitative analyses of experiences in the study revealed the following themes: Useful (n = 34), Heightened Awareness (n = 21), Functional (n = 6), Not Useful (n = 6), and Beneficence (n = 4).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that participation in suicide research, including intensive longitudinal methods such as daily diary studies, did not have iatrogenic effects on participants with SI. Qualitative results demonstrated the numerous benefits participants derived while taking part in this study.
Large‐Scale Formation and Long‐Term Culture of Hepatocyte Organoids From Streamlined In Vivo Genome‐Edited GGTA1−/− Pigs for Bioartificial Liver Applications
Authors: He Yuting , Gao Mengyu , Zhu Xinglong , Peng Wanliu , Zhou Yanyan , Cheng Jingqiu , Bai Lang , Bao Ji 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTHepatocyte transplantation and bioartificial liver (BAL) systems hold significant promise as less invasive alternatives to traditional transplantation, providing crucial temporary support for patients with acute and chronic liver failure. Although human hepatocytes are ideal, their use is limited by ethical concerns and donor availability, leading to the use of porcine hepatocytes in BAL systems due to their functional similarities. Recent advancements in gene‐editing technology have improved porcine organ xenotransplantation clinical trials by addressing immune rejection issues. Gene‐edited pigs, such as alpha‐1,3‐galactosyltransferase (GGTA1) knockout pigs, offer a secure source of primary cells for BAL systems. Our research focuses on optimizing the safety and functionality of porcine primary hepatocytes during large‐scale cultivation. We achieved this by creating GGTA1 knockout pigs through one‐step delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 to pig zygotes via oviduct injection of rAAV, and enhancing hepatocyte viability and function by co‐culturing hepatocytes with Roof plate‐specific spondin 1 overexpressing HUVECs (R‐HUVECs). Using a Rocker culture system, approximately 1010 primary porcine hepatocytes and R‐HUVECs rapidly formed organoids with a diameter of 92.1 ± 28.1 µm within 24 h. These organoids not only maintained excellent functionality but also supported partial hepatocyte self‐renewal during long‐term culture over 28 days. Gene‐edited primary porcine hepatocyte organoids will significantly advance the applications of hepatocyte transplantation and BAL systems.
Two‐day Static Cold Preservation of α1,3‐Galactosyltransferase Knockout Kidney Grafts Before Simulated Xenotransplantation
Authors: Mojoudi Mohammadreza , Taggart McLean , Karadagi Ahmad , Hassan Madeeha , Tomosugi Toshihide , Tomofuji Katsuhiro , Agius Thomas , Lyon Arnaud , Nakamura Tsukasa , Taveras Christopher , Ozgur Ozge Sila , Kharga Anil , Matheson Rudy , Riella Leonardo V. , Kimura Shoko , Yeh Heidi , Markmann James F. , Kawai Tatsuo , Uygun Korkut , Longchamp Alban 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTTransplantation remains the preferred treatment for end‐stage kidney disease but is critically limited by the number of available organs. Xenografts from genetically modified pigs have become a promising solution to the loss of life while waiting for transplantation. However, the current clinical model for xenotransplantation will require off‐site procurement, leading to a period of ischemia during transportation. As of today, there is limited understanding regarding the preservation of these organs, including the duration of viability, and the associated molecular changes. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the effects of static cold storage (SCS) on α1,3‐galactosyltransferase knockout (GGTA1 KO) kidney. After SCS, viability was further assessed using acellular sub‐normothermic ex vivo perfusion and simulated transplantation with human blood. Compared to baseline, tubular and glomerular interstitium was preserved after 2 days of SCS in both WT and GGTA1 KO kidneys. Bulk RNA‐sequencing demonstrated that only eight genes were differentially expressed after SCS in GGTA1 KO kidneys. During sub‐normothermic perfusion, kidney function, reflected by oxygen consumption, urine output, and lactate production was adequate in GGTA1 KO grafts. During a simulated transplant with human blood, macroscopic and histological assessment revealed minimal kidney injury. However, GGTA1 KO kidneys exhibited higher arterial resistance, increased lactate production, and reduced oxygen consumption during the simulated transplant. In summary, our study suggests that SCS is feasible for the preservation of porcine GGTA1 KO kidneys. However, alternative preservation methods should be evaluated for extended preservation of porcine grafts.
Local limits in p$p$‐adic random matrix theory
Authors: Van Peski Roger 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe study the distribution of singular numbers of products of certain classes of ‐adic random matrices, as both the matrix size and number of products go to simultaneously. In this limit, we prove convergence of the local statistics to a new random point configuration on , defined explicitly in terms of certain intricate mixed ‐series/exponential sums. This object may be viewed as a nontrivial ‐adic analogue of the interpolating distributions of Akemann–Burda–Kieburg, which generalize the sine and Airy kernels and govern limits of complex matrix products. Our proof uses new Macdonald process computations and holds for matrices with iid additive Haar entries, corners of Haar matrices from , and the ‐adic analogue of Dyson Brownian motion studied by the author (https://arxiv.org/pdf/2309.02865).
Intracerebroventricular insulin injection acutely normalizes the augmented exercise pressor reflex in male rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Estrada Juan A. , Ishizawa Rie , Kim Han‐Kyul , Fukazawa Ayumi , Hori Amane , Hotta Norio , Iwamoto Gary A. , Smith Scott A. , Vongpatanasin Wanpen , Mizuno Masaki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe exercise pressor reflex (EPR) is exaggerated in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the underlying central nervous system aberrations have not been fully delineated. Stimulation of muscle afferents within working skeletal muscle activates the EPR, by sending information to neurons in the brainstem, where it is integrated and results in reflexively increased mean arterial pressure (MAP) and sympathetic nerve activity. Brain insulin is known to regulate neural activity within the brainstem. We hypothesize that brain insulin injection in T2DM rats attenuates the augmented EPR, and that T2DM is associated with decreased brain insulin. Using male Sprague–Dawley rats, T2DM and control rats were generated via an induction protocol with two low doses of streptozotocin (35 and 25 mg/kg, i.p.) in combination with a 14–23‐week high‐fat diet or saline injections and a low‐fat diet, respectively. After decerebration, MAP and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) were evaluated during EPR stimulation, evoked by electrically induced muscle contraction via ventral root stimulation, before and after (1 and 2 h post) intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) insulin microinjections (500 mU, 50 nl). i.c.v. insulin decreased peak MAP (ΔMAP Pre (36 ± 14 mmHg) vs. 1 h (21 ± 14 mmHg) vs. 2 h (11 ± 6 mmHg), P < 0.05) and RSNA (ΔRSNA Pre (107.5 ± 40%), vs. 1 h (75.4 ± 46%) vs. 2 h (51 ± 35%), P < 0.05) responses in T2DM, but not controls. In T2DM rats, cerebrospinal fluid insulin was decreased (0.41 ± 0.19 vs. 0.11 ± 0.05 ng/ml, control (n = 14) vs. T2DM (n = 4), P < 0.01). The results demonstrated that insulin injections into the brain normalized the augmented EPR in brain hypoinsulinaemic T2DM rats, indicating that the EPR can be regulated by brain insulin.
imageKey points
The reflexive increase in blood pressure and sympathetic nerve activity mediated by the autonomic nervous system during muscle contractions is also known as the exercise pressor reflex.
The exercise pressor reflex is dangerously augmented in type 2 diabetes, in both rats and humans.
In type 2 diabetic rats both cerebrospinal fluid insulin and phosphoinositide 3‐kinase signalling within cardiovascular brainstem neurons decrease in parallel.
Brain insulin injections decrease the magnitude of the reflexive pressor and sympathetic responses to hindlimb muscle contraction in type 2 diabetic rats.
Partial correction of low insulin within the central nervous system in type 2 diabetes may treat aberrant exercise pressor reflex function.