bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building a “Library in a Box” with an out of the box solution: creating a prototype engineering library using XTF
Authors: Bolton Palumbo Laura 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the process of selecting and customizing XTF open source digital library software for a unique application. The paper describes how Rutgers University Libraries, in collaboration with the University of Liberia, and with grants from the Engineering Information Foundation (EIF), the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), and with contributions from the International Society of Electrical Engineers (IEEE), have created The EAKO System – Engineering Access to Knowledge Offline, a prototype “Library in a Box” for engineering information at the University of Liberia. The product runs on the open source platform XTF, created by California Digital Library, and is based on TEEAL, The Essential Electronic Agricultural Library, developed by Cornell University. Because internet access is extremely limited in Liberia, The EAKO System, like TEEAL, will work entirely offline.Design/methodology/approachOver 20 open source software programs were considered during the development of the prototype. XTF was selected based on its ease of use and adaptability.FindingsXTF is an easily customizable and powerful open source digital library solution, which met the needs of The EAKO System.Research limitations/implicationsThe amount of time required to enter data into the product was an issue. Solutions to streamline the process are being investigated.Practical implicationsFuture development includes more automation of data entry, as well as creating mobile access.Social implicationsThe EAKO System could be easily adapted to other areas of information need, in developing countries and elsewhere.Originality/valueUsing the open source software XTF for an offline information resource is a novel application, which may be of value in other developing countries where internet access is limited.
Oh, how Pinteresting! An introduction to Pinterest
Authors: Wilkinson Zara 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide an introduction to social networking site Pinterest.Design/methodology/approachThis paper provides an overview of Pinterest, its features, and how it can be used in libraries.FindingsPinterest is an immensely popular social networking site that can be used by librarians to interact with patrons and a community of library professionals.Originality/valuePinterest is a social networking site that is still new and unfamiliar to many librarians. This paper provides some familiarity with Pinterest and its use and suggests some ways librarians might consider using a library Pinterest account.
Allocating CSR plant functional types: the use of leaf economics and size traits to classify woody and herbaceous vascular plants
Authors: Pierce Simon , Brusa Guido , Vagge Ilda , Cerabolini Bruno E. L. 
Published: April 2013

Summary

Three main directions of adaptive specialization are evident in the world flora, reflecting fundamental trade‐offs between economics (conservative vs. acquisitive investment of resources) and size. The current method of ordinating plants according to these trade‐offs, CSR classification, cannot be applied to the woody species that dominate many terrestrial ecosystems.

We aimed to produce a novel CSR classification method applicable to vascular plants in general.

Principal components analysis (PCA) of variation in a range of plant traits for 678 angiosperm, gymnosperm and pteridophyte species was used to determine the limits to multivariate space occupied by functionally diverse species. From this calibration, correlations between PCA axes and values of leaf dry matter content (LDMC; as an index of conservatism in life history), specific leaf area (SLA; indicative of acquisitive economics) and leaf area (LA; photosynthetic organ size) were used to produce predictor regressions from which target species could be compared against the multivariate space. A spreadsheet was developed that returned ternary coordinates and tertiary CSR strategies for target subjects based on LA, LDMC and SLA values.

The method allowed classification of target species within a triangular space corresponding to Grime's theoretical CSR triangle and was sufficiently precise to distinguish strategies between species within genera and within populations of species. It was also largely in agreement with previous methods of CSR classification for herbaceous species.

Rapid CSR classification of woody and herbaceous vascular plants is now possible, potentially allowing primary plant functional types and ecosystem processes to be investigated over landscape scales.
Overview of Recent Events in the Microbiological Safety of Sprouts and New Intervention Technologies
Authors: Yang Yishan , Meier Fabienne , Ann Lo Jerilyn , Yuan Wenqian , Lee Pei Sze Valarie , Chung Hyun‐Jung , Yuk Hyun‐Gyun 
Published: April 2013

Abstract There has been an increasing trend in consumption of sprouts worldwide due to their widespread availability and high nutrient content. However, microbial contamination of sprouts readily occurs due to the presence of pathogenic bacteria in seeds; and the germination and sprouting process provide optimal conditions for bacterial growth. In recent years, there has been a rise in the number of outbreaks associated with sprouts. These outbreaks occurred mainly in the US, Canada, UK, as well as Europe. More recently in 2011, there were 4 sprout‐related outbreaks, with the Escherichia coli O104:H4 outbreak in Germany causing around 50 deaths and 4000 illnesses reported. On top of pathogenic E. coli, Salmonella spp. are often associated with sprout‐related foodborne disease outbreaks. The contamination of sprouts has become a worldwide food safety concern. Hence, this review paper covers the outbreaks associated with sprouts, prevalence and characteristics of pathogens contaminating sprouts, their survival and growth, and the source of these pathogens. Physical, biological, and chemical interventions utilized to minimize microbial risks in sprouts are also discussed.
Effects of Milk and Milk Products Consumption on Cancer: A Review
Authors: Davoodi H. , Esmaeili S. , Mortazavian A.M. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract Milk is considered to be the only foodstuff that contains approximately all different substances known to be essential for human nutrition. In terms of cancer risk, dairy foods have been reported as both protective and occasionally as harmful. The evidence that dairy foods can protect against cancer, or increase the risk of cancer is not conclusive. Overall, the proven health benefits of dairy foods greatly outweigh the unproven harm. Dairy foods should be encouraged as part of a varied and nutritious diet as they are essential to maintain good bone and dental health, to prevent osteoporosis, major cardiovascular disease risk factors, hypertension, type‐2 diabetes, metabolic syndromes, as well as some cancers. The Cancer Council and USDA recommend 3 servings of milk and milk products daily. This article reviews the potential of milk and milk products (its indigenous or exogenous compounds) to inhibit different cancer risks. Also reviewed are the reports over the years that have suggested milk and the dairy industry as responsible agents for causing cancer.
Unaccompanied refugee children – vulnerability and agency
Authors: Eide Ketil , Hjern Anders 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
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The numbers of refugee adolescents that arrive in Europe without their families has increased in recent years, particularly in Sweden. Research has demonstrated that these children have high rates of mental health problems, particularly depression and post‐traumatic stress disorder, during the first years after resettlement. Despite this, there are also indications that many of these unaccompanied children are resourceful and arrive with a clear vision of a positive future in the new country. Follow‐up studies in the United States and Norway have indicated fairly good social outcomes in the long term.ConclusionThe education and care that unaccompanied minors receive during the first years after resettlement, together with their own drive to create a positive future, are key factors in their mental health and long‐term adjustment.
The Part‐Time Job Satisfaction Puzzle: Different Types of Job Discrepancies and the Moderating Effect of Family Importance
Authors: Iseke Anja 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAlthough part‐time employment often appears as a substandard form of employment, evidence that part‐time employees are less satisfied than full‐time employees is ambiguous. To shed more light on this puzzle, I test an extended discrepancy theory framework using data from the German Socio‐Economic Panel. The results help explain previous inconsistent findings: Part‐time employment increases the chances of being underemployed while it reduces the likelihood of working more hours than preferred, and the negative effects of both types of working time mismatches on job satisfaction are similar in size. Furthermore, the importance attributed to family roles mitigates the negative effect of part‐time employment on job satisfaction.
Immunomodulatory effects of IL‐23 and IL‐17 in a mouse model of allergic rhinitis
Authors: Wang M. , Zhang W. , Shang J. , Yang J. , Zhang L. , Bachert C. 
Published: April 2013

SummaryBackgroundInterleukin‐23 (IL‐23) and IL‐17 may be involved in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR). However, a differentiation of the role of IL‐23 and IL‐17 has not been performed yet.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was therefore to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of IL‐23 and IL‐17, using a mouse model of AR.MethodsAnti‐IL‐23p19 and anti‐IL‐17 Abs were administrated intranasally during rechallenge in ovalbumin (OVA)‐induced AR in BALB/c mice. Immunomodulatory effects were evaluated by measuring nasal rubbing and sneezing occurrences, serum OVA‐specific antibodies, Th2 responses (i.e. expression of IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐13 and IFN‐γ genes in nasal mucosa, IL‐4+ CD4+ T cells percentages in superficial cervical lymph nodes (LNs) and IL‐4 production in LNs stimulated with OVA in vitro), and neutrophil, eosinophil and mast cell recruitment into the nasal mucosa.ResultsThe effect of IL‐17 antagonism was limited to attenuating the Th2 responses and neutrophil and eosinophil infiltration. In contrast, treatment with anti‐IL‐23p19 Abs markedly reduced nasal rubbing and sneezing events, Th2 responses, serum OVA‐specific IgE and IgG1 levels, as well as mucosal neutrophil, eosinophil and mast cell infiltration.Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceIL‐17 and IL‐23 may play a pathogenic role in an established AR mouse model; with a more pronounced contribution of IL‐23 than IL‐17.
Efficient Non‐linear Optimization via Multi‐scale Gradient Filtering
Authors: Martin Tobias , Joshi Pushkar , Bergou Miklós , Carr Nathan 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWe present a method for accelerating the convergence of continuous non‐linear shape optimization algorithms. We start with a general method for constructing gradient vector fields on a manifold, and we analyse this method from a signal processing viewpoint. This analysis reveals that we can construct various filters using the Laplace–Beltrami operator of the shape that can effectively separate the components of the gradient at different scales. We use this idea to adaptively change the scale of features being optimized to arrive at a solution that is optimal across multiple scales. This is in contrast to traditional descent‐based methods, for which the rate of convergence often stalls early once the high frequency components have been optimized. We demonstrate how our method can be easily integrated into existing non‐linear optimization frameworks such as gradient descent, Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno (BFGS) and the non‐linear conjugate gradient method. We show significant performance improvement for shape optimization in variational shape modelling and parameterization, and we also demonstrate the use of our method for efficient physical simulation.
Deproteinized bovine bone mineral particles and osseointegration of implants without primary bone contact: an experimental study in dogs
Authors: Sivolella Stefano , Bressan Eriberto , Salata Luiz A. , Quiñones Maria E. , Lang Niklaus P. , Botticelli Daniele 
Published: April 2013

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the influence on osseointegration of Deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) particles used to fill defects of at least 1 mm around implants having no primary contact with bone.Material and methodsPremolars and first molars were extracted bilaterally from the mandible of six Labrador dogs. After 3 months of healing, mucoperiosteal full‐thickness flaps were elevated, and one recipient site was prepared in the molar region of each hemi‐mandible to place implants. These were installed with a deliberate circumferential and periapical space to the bone walls of 1.2 mm. All implants were stabilized with passive fixation plates to maintain the implants in situ and without any contact with the implant bed. The control sites were left to be filled with coagulum, while at the test sites, the residual gap was filled with DBBM. After 3 months of submerged healing, the animals were sacrificed. Ground sections were prepared and analyzed histomorphometrically.ResultsMineralized bone‐to‐implant contact was 4.0% and 3.9% for control and test sites, respectively. The width of the residual defects was 0.48 mm and 0.88 mm at the control and test sites, respectively. The percentage of implant surface covered by a layer of dense connective tissue of 0.12 mm of width on average was 84.9% and 88.5% at the control and test sites, respectively.ConclusionA minor and not predictable degree of contact or distance osteogenesis was obtained on the implant surface when primary contact of the implant surface with the implant bed had deliberately been avoided. DBBM grafting of the artificial gap did not favor osseointegration. Neither did it enhance the ability to bridge the gap with newly formed bone in an artificial defect wider than 1 mm.
Forecasting: Exercises to Enhance Learning from Business Simulations
Authors: Clark Timothy S. , Kent Brian M. 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTForecasting the outputs of dynamic systems develops a richer understanding of relevant inputs and their interrelationships than merely observing them ex post. Academic business simulations foster students’ development of this critical competency, but learning outcomes can be significantly augmented with relatively simple, complementary exercises in forecasting. We introduce an in‐class forecasting exercise that is easily added to simulations or in any course where students gain from untangling the determinants of quantitative outcomes. The exercise also enhances opportunities for team‐building and spirited competition. Implementation details, evidence of effectiveness, and implications are discussed.
Metabolic dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension: the expanding relevance of the Warburg effect
Authors: Cottrill Katherine A. , Chan Stephen Y. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundPulmonary hypertension (PH) is an enigmatic vascular syndrome characterized by increased pulmonary arterial pressure and adverse remodelling of the pulmonary arterioles and often of the right ventricle. Drawing parallels with tumourigenesis, recent endeavours have explored the relationship between metabolic dysregulation and PH pathogenesis.DesignWe will discuss the general mechanisms by which cellular stressors such as hypoxia and inflammation alter cellular metabolism. Based on those principles, we will explore the development of a corresponding metabolic pathophenotype in PH, with a focus on WHO Groups I and III, and the implications that these alterations may have for future treatment of this disease.ResultsInvestigation of metabolic dysregulation in both the pulmonary vasculature and right ventricle during PH pathogenesis has provided a more unifying understanding of how disparate disease triggers coordinate end‐stage disease manifestations. Namely, as defined originally in various cancers, the Warburg effect describes a chronic shift in energy production from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. In many cases, this Warburg phenotype may serve as a central causative mechanism for PH progression, largely driving cellular hyperproliferation and resistance to apoptosis. Consequently, new therapeutic strategies have been increasingly pursued that target the Warburg phenotype. Finally, new technologies are increasingly becoming available to probe more completely the complexities of metabolic cellular reprogramming and may reveal distinct metabolic pathways beyond the Warburg effect that drive PH.ConclusionStudies of metabolic dysregulation in PH are just emerging but may offer powerful therapeutic means to prevent or even reverse disease progression at the molecular level.
Cost of stroke in France
Authors: Chevreul K. , Durand‐Zaleski I. , Gouépo A. , Fery‐Lemonnier E. , Hommel M. , Woimant F. 
Published: April 2013

Background and purposeA cost of illness study was undertaken on behalf of the French Ministry of Health to estimate the annual cost of stroke in France with the goal of better understanding the current economic burden so that improved strategies for care may be developed.MethodsUsing primary data from exhaustive national databases and both top‐down and bottom‐up approaches, the stroke‐related costs for healthcare, nursing care and lost productivity were estimated.ResultsThe total healthcare cost of stroke patients in France in 2007 was €5.3 billion, 92% of which was borne by statutory health insurance. The average cost of incident cases was €16 686 per patient in the first year, while the annual cost of prevalent cases was a little less than half that amount (€8099). Nursing care costs were estimated at €2.4 billion. Lost productivity reached €255.9 million and that income loss for stroke patients was partially compensated by €63.3 million in social benefit payments.ConclusionsWith healthcare costs representing 3% of total health expenditure in France, stroke constitutes an ongoing burden for the health system and overall economy. Nursing care added nearly half again the amount spent on healthcare, while productivity losses were more limited because nearly 80% of acute incident strokes were in patients over age 65. The high cost of illness underscores the need for improved prevention and interventions to limit the disabling effects of stroke.
Fatigue crack initiation in Hastelloy X – the role of boundaries
Authors: Abuzaid W. , Oral A. , Sehitoglu H. , Lambros J. , Maier H. J. 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTIn polycrystalline metals, microstructural features such as grain boundaries (GBs) influence fatigue crack initiation. Stress and strain heterogeneities, which arise in the vicinity of GBs, can promote the nucleation of fatigue cracks. Because of variations in grain size and GB types, and consequently variations in the local deformation response, scatter in fatigue life is expected. A deeper quantitative understanding of the early stages of fatigue crack nucleation and the scatter in life requires experimental and modelling work at appropriate length scales. In this work, experiments are conducted on Hastelloy X under fatigue conditions, and observations of fatigue damage are reported in conjunction with measurements of local strains using digital image correlation. We use a recent novel fatigue model based on persistent slip band–GB interaction to investigate the scatter in fatigue lives and shed light into the critical types of GBs that nucleate cracks. Experimental tools and methodologies, utilizing ex situ digital image correlation and electron backscatter diffraction, for high resolution deformation measurements at the grain level are also discussed in this paper and related to the simulations.
Reconsidering Resurrection, Incarnation and Nature in Schleiermacher's Glaubenslehre
Authors: Elgendy Rick 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIn the Glaubenslehre, Friedrich Schleiermacher affirms the resurrection of Christ but dissociates it from redemption. Many interpreters have proposed that Schleiermacher's move to evacuate the resurrection of salvific content follows necessarily from his positions on the nature‐system and the unity of the divine creative decree. This article argues that Schleiermacher could have offered a more ramified place for the resurrection of Christ in the Glaubenslehre had he interpreted it as the consummation and extension of God's incarnation in Christ. In this light, it suggests three propositions that would both extend redemptive significance to the resurrection and preserve the integrity of the nature‐system, and defends those propositions against two likely and significant objections.
The Effect of Paracetamol and Tropisetron on Pain: Experimental Studies and a Review of Published Data
Authors: Tiippana Elina , Hamunen Katri , Kontinen Vesa , Kalso Eija 
Published: April 2013

AbstractExperimental studies suggest that paracetamol‐induced analgesia is mediated via central serotonergic pathways and attenuated by 5‐HT3‐antagonists. However, clinical studies do not support this, and 5‐HT3‐antagonists are expected to reduce pain by blocking the descending pronociceptive pathway. The current project tested whether tropisetron attenuates analgesia by paracetamol. Two randomized, double‐blind, crossover studies with 18 healthy male volunteers in each were performed. Pain stimuli were cold water immersion (cold pressor test), contact heat pain (study 1) and electrical stimulation (study 2). In both studies, tropisetron 5 mg i.v. or saline was administered, followed by paracetamol 2 g i.v. 30 min. later. Individual changes in heat and cold pain intensity, cold pain tolerance and unpleasantness were recorded. The same thresholds were also expressed as scores (% of the individual score at baseline). Additionally, previously published findings on the effects of paracetamol and its interaction with 5HT3‐antagonists in human experimental pain models were reviewed. After calculation of the sensory and pain scores (%), tropisetron seemed to amplify the analgesic action of paracetamol. Paracetamol 2 g i.v. did not show any statistically significant analgesia in thermal tests (study 1), or differences in sensory, pain detection or moderate pain thresholds of the electrical stimulus (study 2). As paracetamol did not have a measurable analgesic effect in these tests, no conclusions can be drawn about the interaction between paracetamol and tropisetron. However, tropisetron may have an analgesic effect of its own. Clinicians should not avoid using these drugs together, unless larger clinical studies indicate otherwise.