bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do Finite Duration Provisions Reduce International Bargaining Delay?
Authors: Bearce David H. , Eldredge Cody D. , Jolliff Brandy J. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis research note hypothesizes that international agreements including a finite duration provision or with a shorter expected duration should take less time to negotiate. Using a random sample of agreements across different issue areas, it finds statistical support for this hypothesis. Agreements without a finite duration provision experienced a bargaining phase that was twice as long as agreements including a finite duration provision and otherwise short-term agreements. This result not only offers empirical support for the theoretical proposition that a longer shadow of the future leads to increased bargaining delay—it also has important policy implications. International negotiators can include a finite duration provision when they prefer a shorter bargaining phase to a potentially more durable agreement, and they can avoid this feature when they prefer a more durable agreement, although this decision comes with the cost of additional bargaining delay. By treating finite duration provisions as an independent variable, this result also addresses a critique of the research program on the rational design of international institutions that it moves backward by considering only design features as dependent variables.
Effects of functional endoscopic sinus surgery on chronic rhinosinusitis resistant to medication
Authors: Li H , Zhang X , Song Y , Wang T , Tan G 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the therapeutic effects of functional endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who were unresponsive to medical treatment.Methods:A total of 232 patients were divided into 2 groups: a functional endoscopic sinus surgery group (n = 162) and a conservative therapy group (n = 70). Efficacy was assessed in terms of Lund–Kennedy endoscopy scores and Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 20 symptom scores.Results:In the functional endoscopic sinus surgery group, Lund–Kennedy and Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 20 scores were significantly lower at 3, 6 and 12 months post-surgery compared with baseline scores. In the conservative therapy group, both sets of scores were significantly lower at 3 months, but not at 12 months. In this latter group, the Lund–Kennedy scores decreased only slightly and the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 20 scores significantly decreased at six months compared with initial scores, indicating disparity between the subjective and objective measures. Patient-reported symptom improvement was better in the functional endoscopic sinus surgery group than in the medication group at 12 months (p < 0.001).Conclusion:These findings suggest that functional endoscopic sinus surgery has better efficacy over a longer period compared with conservative therapy.
Cytotoxic agents and radiation therapy: mechanisms of action and clinical applications
Authors: Marrone Amanda , Tran William T. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe combination of radiation therapy and chemotherapy is rooted in its ability to help achieve locoregional and systemic control, therefore increasing the overall disease-free survival of patients. Understanding the mechanistic actions of cytotoxic agents and their targets on the cell cycle, as well as the governing pharmacokinetic principles can improve treatment delivery. The adjuvant treatment setting can overcome barriers such as hypoxia and genetically driven treatment resistance.PurposeThe purpose of this review is to present theoretical frameworks behind the chemoradiation paradigm and to describe current chemoradiation practices in radiation oncology.MethodologyA review was conducted using the US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health database (PubMed) using the following search keywords: chemoradiation, spatial cooperation, chemotherapeutic agents, pharmacokinetics, anti-vascular agents, tumour vasculature and tumour hypoxia.Results and conclusionsCurrent research has reported several rationales for the beneficial combination of radiation and chemotherapy to eradicate oncological diseases. Mechanisms of action and biological approaches are showing that concurrent treatments, as well as novel agents such as anti-vascular and anti-angiogenic agents may benefit improved treatment outcomes by reducing micro hypoxic environments in tumours. In addition, chemotherapy administered in tandem with radiation enhances cell-killing effects by targeting the cell cycle.
Meaning-centered dream work with hospice patients: A pilot study
Authors: Wright Scott T. , Grant Pei C. , Depner Rachel M. , Donnelly James P. , Kerr Christopher W. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjective:Hospice patients often struggle with loss of meaning, while many experience meaningful dreams. The purpose of this study was to conduct a preliminary exploration into the process and therapeutic outcomes of meaning-centered dream work with hospice patients.Method:A meaning-centered variation of the cognitive–experiential model of dream work (Hill, 1996; 2004) was tested with participants. This variation was influenced by the tenets of meaning-centered psychotherapy (Breitbart et al., 2012). A total of 12 dream-work sessions were conducted with 7 hospice patients (5 women), and session transcripts were analyzed using the consensual qualitative research (CQR) method (Hill, 2012). Participants also completed measures of gains from dream interpretation in terms of existential well-being and quality of life.Results:Participants' dreams generally featured familiar settings and living family and friends. Reported images from dreams were usually connected to feelings, relationships, and the concerns of waking life. Participants typically interpreted their dreams as meaning that they needed to change their way of thinking, address legacy concerns, or complete unfinished business. Generally, participants developed and implemented action plans based on these interpretations, despite their physical limitations. Participants described dream-work sessions as meaningful, comforting, and helpful. High scores on a measure of gains from dream interpretation were reported, consistent with qualitative findings. No adverse effects were reported or indicated by assessments.Significance of Results:Our results provided initial support for the feasibility and helpfulness of dream work in this population. Implications for counseling with the dying and directions for future research were also explored.
Oceanographic structure drives the assembly processes of microbial eukaryotic communities
Authors: Monier Adam , Comte Jérôme , Babin Marcel , Forest Alexandre , Matsuoka Atsushi , Lovejoy Connie 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Arctic Ocean microbial eukaryote phytoplankton form subsurface chlorophyll maximum (SCM), where much of the annual summer production occurs. This SCM is particularly persistent in the Western Arctic Ocean, which is strongly salinity stratified. The recent loss of multiyear sea ice and increased particulate-rich river discharge in the Arctic Ocean results in a greater volume of fresher water that may displace nutrient-rich saltier waters to deeper depths and decrease light penetration in areas affected by river discharge. Here, we surveyed microbial eukaryotic assemblages in the surface waters, and within and below the SCM. In most samples, we detected the pronounced SCM that usually occurs at the interface of the upper mixed layer and Pacific Summer Water (PSW). Poorly developed SCM was seen under two conditions, one above PSW and associated with a downwelling eddy, and the second in a region influenced by the Mackenzie River plume. Four phylogenetically distinct communities were identified: surface, pronounced SCM, weak SCM and a deeper community just below the SCM. Distance–decay relationships and phylogenetic structure suggested distinct ecological processes operating within these communities. In the pronounced SCM, picophytoplanktons were prevalent and community assembly was attributed to water mass history. In contrast, environmental filtering impacted the composition of the weak SCM communities, where heterotrophic Picozoa were more numerous. These results imply that displacement of Pacific waters to greater depth and increased terrigenous input may act as a control on SCM development and result in lower net summer primary production with a more heterotroph dominated eukaryotic microbial community.
A Novel Algorithm for the Precise Calculation of the Maximal Information Coefficient
Authors: Zhang Yi , Jia Shili , Huang Haiyun , Qiu Jiqing , Zhou Changjie 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMeasuring associations is an important scientific task. A novel measurement method maximal information coefficient (MIC) was proposed to identify a broad class of associations. As foreseen by its authors, MIC implementation algorithm ApproxMaxMI is not always convergent to real MIC values. An algorithm called SG (Simulated annealing and Genetic) was developed to facilitate the optimal calculation of MIC and the convergence of SG was proved based on Markov theory. When run on fruit fly data set including 1,000,000 pairs of gene expression profiles, the mean squared difference between SG and the exhaustive algorithm is 0.00075499, compared with 0.1834 in the case of ApproxMaxMI. The software SGMIC and its manual are freely available at http://lxy.depart.hebust.edu.cn/SGMIC/SGMIC.htm.
Translational models of lung disease
Authors: Mercer Paul F. , Abbott-Banner Katharine , Adcock Ian M. , Knowles Richard G. 
Published: October 2014

The 2nd Cross Company Respiratory Symposium (CCRS), held in Horsham, U.K. in 2012, brought together representatives from across the pharmaceutical industry with expert academics, in the common interest of improving the design and translational predictiveness of in vivo models of respiratory disease. Organized by the respiratory representatives of the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Federations (EFPIA) group of companies involved in the EU-funded project (U-BIOPRED), the aim of the symposium was to identify state-of-the-art improvements in the utility and design of models of respiratory disease, with a view to improving their translational potential and reducing wasteful animal usage. The respiratory research and development community is responding to the challenge of improving translation in several ways: greater collaboration and open sharing of data, careful selection of the species, complexity and chronicity of the models, improved practices in preclinical research, continued refinement in models of respiratory diseases and their sub-types, greater understanding of the biology underlying human respiratory diseases and their sub-types, and finally greater use of human (and especially disease-relevant) cells, tissues and explants. The present review highlights these initiatives, combining lessons from the symposium and papers published in Clinical Science arising from the symposium, with critiques of the models currently used in the settings of asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and COPD. The ultimate hope is that this will contribute to a more rational, efficient and sustainable development of a range of new treatments for respiratory diseases that continue to cause substantial morbidity and mortality across the world.
Supervising Clinical Fellows: Preparation and Styles
Authors: Summers Connie , Resendiz Maria , Ruiz-Felter Roxanna 
Published: October 2014

Purpose: The majority of supervision literature has focused on the supervision of graduate students. The purpose of this study was to examine the preparation of and explore the thinking styles of mentoring speech-language pathologists (SLPs) of Speech-Language Pathology graduates who are completing their clinical fellowship.
Method: A questionnaire was sent to 1626 SLPs by email who reported working in school settings and 102 participants responded. They were asked questions about demographics, caseloads, supervisory experiences, knowledge of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA, 2008) standards for supervision, and thinking styles. Forty of the participants reported on the number of years of experience they had with supervision and reported mentoring a clinical fellow in the past 3 years. These 40 participants were divided into two groups: mentoring SLPs with less experience (LEM; 1–5 years) and mentoring SLPs with more experience (MEM; 6 or more years).
Results: The LEM and MEM groups demonstrated different patterns in meeting and contacting their Clinical Fellows (CF) and in participating in training activities for mentoring SLPs. There were also differences in the thinking styles of the groups. The MEM group rated themselves as having preferences for tasks that allowed them to work on one thing at a time as well as tasks that had a more global focus more than those in the LEM group.
Conclusions: Differences in thinking styles may affect the style of supervision and mentoring. These relationships warrant further examination.
Versatile apparatus for thermoelectric characterization of oxides at high temperatures
Authors: Schrade Matthias , Fjeld Harald , Norby Truls , Finstad Terje G. 
Published: October 2014

An apparatus for measuring the Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity is presented and characterized. The device can be used in a wide temperature range from room temperature to 1050 °C and in all common atmospheres, including oxidizing, reducing, humid, and inert. The apparatus is suitable for samples with different geometries (disk-, bar-shaped), allowing a complete thermoelectric characterization (including thermal conductivity) on a single sample. The Seebeck coefficient α can be measured in both sample directions (in-plane and cross-plane) simultaneously. Electrical conductivity is measured via the van der Pauw method. Perovskite-type CaMnO3 and the misfit cobalt oxide (Ca2CoO3)q(CoO2) are studied to demonstrate the temperature range and to investigate the variation of the electrical properties as a function of the measurement atmosphere.
Identification of 14-series sulfido-conjugated mediators that promote resolution of infection and organ protection
Authors: Dalli Jesmond , Chiang Nan , Serhan Charles N. 
Published: October 2014

Significance
Inability of the body to contain infections may lead to collateral organ damage resulting from unchecked innate immune responses. Here we investigated the chemical signals produced by immune cells to expedite clearance of bacteria and promote organ repair and tissue regeneration. We identified molecules produced during self-limited infections and in human milk that promote clearance of bacteria as well as accelerate tissue regeneration. In addition, these molecules also protected organs from exuberant inflammatory responses by limiting select white blood cell recruitment and up-regulating the expression of proteins involved in tissue repair. Therefore, these results identify new resolution moduli that regulate phagocytes to clear bacteria and activate the regeneration milieu.
A nontranscriptional role for Oct4 in the regulation of mitotic entry
Authors: Zhao Rui , Deibler Richard W. , Lerou Paul H. , Ballabeni Andrea , Heffner Garrett C. , Cahan Patrick , Unternaehrer Juli J. , Kirschner Marc W. , Daley George Q. 
Published: October 2014

Significance
Embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells have abbreviated cell cycles. To achieve this rapid proliferation, several molecular safeguards that normally distinguish healthy from transformed cells are altered. Understanding how these pluripotent stem cells balance the demands of their unique cell cycles against the need to maintain a stable genome is critical to unlocking their great promise for regenerative medicine. Here, we demonstrate that Oct4 (octamer-binding transcription factor 4), a transcription factor required to maintain pluripotency, inhibits the activation of cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) 1, the master regulator of mitosis, and delays mitotic entry in a nontranscriptional manner. To our knowledge, our study is the first demonstration of a nontranscriptional function of the pluripotency regulator Oct4.
The Sugen 5416/Hypoxia Mouse Model of Pulmonary Hypertension Revisited: Long‐Term Follow‐Up
Authors: Vitali Sally H. , Hansmann Georg , Rose Chase , Fernandez‐Gonzalez Angeles , Scheid Annette , Mitsialis S. Alex , Kourembanas Stella 
Published: October 2014

The combination of a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist, Sugen 5416 (SU5416), and chronic hypoxia is known to cause pronounced pulmonary hypertension (PH) with angioobliterative lesions in rats and leads to exaggerated PH in mice as well. We sought to determine whether weekly SU5416 injections during 3 weeks of hypoxia leads to long‐term development of angioobliterative lesions and sustained or progressive PH in mice. Male C57BL/6J mice were injected with SU5416 (SuHx) or vehicle (VehHx) weekly during 3 weeks of exposure to 10% oxygen. Echocardiographic and invasive measures of hemodynamics and pulmonary vascular morphometry were performed after the 3‐week hypoxic exposure and after 10 weeks of recovery in normoxia. SuHx led to higher right ventricular (RV) systolic pressure and RV hypertrophy than VehHx after 3 weeks of hypoxia. Ten weeks after hypoxic exposure, RV systolic pressure decreased but remained elevated in SuHx mice compared with VehHx or normoxic control mice, but RV hypertrophy had resolved. After 3 weeks of hypoxia and 10 weeks of follow‐up in normoxia, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion was significantly decreased, indicating decreased systolic RV function. Very few angioobliterative lesions were found at the 10‐week follow‐up time point in SuHx mouse lungs. In conclusion, SU5416 combined with 3 weeks of hypoxia causes a more profound PH phenotype in mice than hypoxia alone. PH persists over 10 weeks of normoxic follow‐up in SuHx mice, but significant angioobliterative lesions do not occur, and neither PH nor RV dysfunction worsens. The SuHx mouse model is a useful adjunct to other PH models, but the search will continue for a mouse model that better recapitulates the human phenotype.
Rcount: simple and flexible RNA-Seq read counting
Authors: Schmid Marc W. , Grossniklaus Ueli 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Summary: Analysis of differential gene expression by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) is frequently done using feature counts, i.e. the number of reads mapping to a gene. However, commonly used count algorithms (e.g. HTSeq) do not address the problem of reads aligning with multiple locations in the genome (multireads) or reads aligning with positions where two or more genes overlap (ambiguous reads). Rcount specifically addresses these issues. Furthermore, Rcount allows the user to assign priorities to certain feature types (e.g. higher priority for protein-coding genes compared to rRNA-coding genes) or to add flanking regions.
Availability and implementation: Rcount provides a fast and easy-to-use graphical user interface requiring no command line or programming skills. It is implemented in C++ using the SeqAn ( www.seqan.de ) and the Qt libraries (qt-project.org). Source code and 64 bit binaries for (Ubuntu) Linux, Windows (7) and MacOSX are released under the GPLv3 license and are freely available on github.com/MWSchmid/Rcount.
Contact: marcschmid@gmx.ch
Supplementary information: Test data, genome annotation files, useful Python and R scripts and a step-by-step user guide (including run-time and memory usage tests) are available on github.com/MWSchmid/Rcount.
Antimicrobial peptides play a functional role in bumblebee anti-trypanosome defense
Authors: Deshwal Soni , Mallon Eamonn B. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTBumblebees, amongst the most important of pollinators, are under enormous population pressures. One of these is disease. The bumblebee and its gut trypanosomeCrithidia bombiare one of the fundamental models of ecological immunology. Although there is previous evidence of increased immune gene expression uponCrithidiainfection, recent work has focussed on the bumblebee’s gut microbiota. Here, by knocking down gene expression using RNAi, we show for the first time that antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have a functional role in anti-Crithidiadefense.
Time to change: the added value of an integrative approach to career research
Authors: Dany Françoise 
Published: October 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to call for an integrative approach to career research aiming to avoid both fragmentation and closure of the field through the discussion of a wide range of perspectives on career or career situations. The paper discusses the specificity of this integrative approach vs others, like the traditional approach or the multi or transdisciplinary approaches.Design/methodology/approach– The work is based on a review of the career literature, and an analytic comparison of existing research approaches across this body of literature.Findings– The paper shows the tendency of career theory to stick to narrow views of a career. The paper highlights the importance of taking into account the wide variety of career situations, which results from the fact that careers are necessarily located in time and space. The paper provides examples that invite to better explore career differences and seek for alternative explanations to career experiences. Because career dynamics are marked both by individual agency and different levels of structures, a more integrative kind of career research should thus trigger richer conversations among researchers regarding the complexity of the inhabited world.Originality/value– The specific added value of the integrative approach suggested in this paper is to open new routes for a career theory that could become stronger and enhance its power to illuminate a wide range of issues.
Predictors of college students’ willingness to use social network services
Authors: Kemal Çelik Ali , Karaaslan Abdulkerim 
Published: October 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to determine predictors of social network services use among college students at two Turkish universities, with particular emphasis on Facebook, Twitter, Foursquare, and Instagram.Design/methodology/approach– A written questionnaire was administered to 822 college students from various faculties. The data obtained from the corresponding questionnaire were analyzed using ordered logit analysis and four different models were independently estimated with respect to social network services.Findings– Ordered logit estimation results revealed that frequency of log in to social network sites, time spent on social network sites, and following event alerts were three predictors that had significant impact on the frequency of all four social network sites’ use. Particularly; event participation, information sharing, following on top ranked topics, and purchasing a product through social media were the other additional predictors of college students’ willingness to use the corresponding social network sites.Originality/value– Although a vast literature exists on the use of social network services among college students, relatively little work was published which compares several social network services and predictors of their use. This paper may contribute to the existing literature by presenting the predictors of college students’ use of four different social network services in a specific area of Turkey and providing a comprehensive comparison between them.