bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of the Non-Isothermal and Isothermal Pyrolysis of Polyether Sulfone in Thermogravimetric Analysis
Authors: Yang Mu-Hoe , Lin Yeuh-Hui 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The thermal degradation behavior of polyether sulfone was examined using a dynamic heating program thermogravimetry analyzer under nitrogen atmosphere. The kinetic model of thermal degradation for the polyether sulfone was evaluated by using the kinetic parameters from dynamic thermogravimetric data. A discussion of the applicability of the model is presented using the four consecutive reactions analytical method. The model proposed correlates the thermograms obtained at thermogravimetric and differential thermogravimetric data with the same set of kinetic parameters. The degrees of decomposition for various components of polyether sulfone under dynamic conditions were simultaneously predicted via mathematical simulation. Moreover, the isothermal condition and the degree of decomposition were also predicted for various temperature conditions of the thermal degradation of polyether sulfone.
Evaluation of Single Sampling Plans by Attributes Using Mixture of Two Distributions
Authors: Loganathan A. , Krishnan P. Muthu , Vijayaraghavan R. , Saral M. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Inspection lots that are formed from the products or materials produced from two or more streams of a manufacturing industry may be heterogeneous with respect to some quality characteristic. In such cases, lot quality may not be of the same kind, rather a mixture of several kinds, and, hence, a mixture of distributions is an appropriate model to study the quality of such heterogeneous lots. This paper presents a study on the evaluation of a single sampling plan by attributes through its operating characteristic function under the conditions of mixture of two binomial and Poisson distributions.
Rheological Characterization of Asphalt Concrete Using a Shear Box
Authors: Said Safwat F. , Hakim Hassan , Eriksson Olle 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Pavement deformation in bituminous layers is mainly caused by shear deformations. There is a need for a practical shear test for routine use, which can be used to evaluate the shear properties of bituminous materials. Shear properties are related to pavement performance and needed in viscoelastic pavement evaluation models. The main objective of this work is to determine the rheological properties of asphalt concrete materials for use in viscoelastic models and performance evaluation of bituminous pavement layers. This paper describes an asphalt concrete shear box test for determining the shear modulus and phase angle of asphalt mixtures and estimating their viscosity. The sensitivity of the test method was determined by testing cylindrical asphalt concrete specimens of varying mix composition. A procedure is presented for rheological characterization of asphalt concrete materials for use as a performance indicator. It is also concluded that the asphalt concrete shear box is reliable for measuring the shear modulus, phase angle and viscosity of asphalt concrete at different temperatures and frequencies for use in evaluating pavement models and discriminating between asphalt mixes.
Evaluation of Effective Thermal Conductivity for Mineral Cast Structural Materials Using Steady-State and Transient Methods
Authors: Selvakumar A. , Mohanram P. V. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Thermal conductivity is a thermophysical property that represents the rate at which heat energy can be transported through the material. For any alternate material chosen for machine tool structures, the study of its thermal characteristics is imminent. Thermal conductivity is one major characteristic to be analysed. Mineral cast structures made of epoxy-granite are found to exhibit good mechanical properties, such as high stiffness and damping ratio. The material also has lesser weight, compared to conventional materials used for machine tool structures. Hence, these materials are emerging as an alternate to conventional cast iron machine tool structures. This study attempts to determine the effective thermal conductivity of epoxy granite material using steady-state and transient plane source (TPS) methods. The results obtained using the experimental methods are compared with geometrical models and the suitability of the methods is evaluated. It is observed that both methods are suitable for measuring effective thermal conductivity of two-phase materials. Compared to TPS method, the steady-state method is a slow and material-consuming technique but provides more accurate results. The effective thermal conductivity of the developed material is compared with some commercial polymer composites and observed that the developed material has greater thermal conductivity.
Determination of Dry Rubber Content in Natural Rubber Latex Based on Wavelet-Domain Fluorescence Image
Authors: Zhang Lin , Zhao Zhimin , Ji Yuyu , Ji Lei 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
A new method for determining the dry rubber content in natural rubber latex based on wavelet-domain fluorescence imaging is explained in this paper. A set of wavelet moment invariants, which are selected automatically based on the discrimination measures defined for the invariant features, are calculated and used to realize the quantitative analysis. Calibration is realized by calculating the standard template vectors of 31 classes of samples. According to the method of minimum distance classification and template matching, the dry rubber content of a tested sample can be determined.
Adaptive Vorsteuerung für Windenergieanlagen
Authors: Schlipf David , Cheng Po Wen 
Published: May 2013

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag beschreibt, wie Windmessungen mit LIDAR in einer Vorsteuerung verwendet werden können, um die Drehzahlschwankungen und damit die Belastungen von Windenergieanlagen zu reduzieren. Kernstück dieser Vorsteuerung ist ein Filter, der adaptiv auf die aktuellen Messungen eingestellt werden muss, da sich die Prädiktionszeit und die Korrelation zwischen Vorhersage und Anlagenverhalten kontinuierlich ändern. Die Ergebnisse werden mit Messdaten einer 5 MW Anlage validiert.
Regelung von Windenergieanlagen mit hydrodynamischem Überlagerungsgetriebe
Authors: Schmid Christian , Glasbrenner Michael , Hörmannskirchner Stefan 
Published: May 2013

Zusammenfassung
Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein alternatives Triebstrangkonzept für Windenergieanlagen betrachtet und hinsichtlich der Regelung auf eine konkrete Ausführungsvariante mit hydrodynamischem Überlagerungsgetriebe vertieft. Hierbei steht ein belastungsoptimiertes Gesamtregelungskonzept der Windturbine im Vordergrund, welches die Leistungs- sowie Drehzahlregelung zur Minimierung der Triebstrang- und Strukturbelastung umfasst. Dazu werden wirkungsvolle Entwurfs- sowie Optimierungsverfahren eingesetzt.
Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Haplotype Diversity in Chinese Rhesus Macaques
Authors: Karl Julie A , Bohn Patrick S , Wiseman Roger W , Nimityongskul Francesca A , Lank Simon M , Starrett Gabriel J , O’Connor David H 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The use of Chinese-origin rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) for infectious disease immunity research is increasing despite the relative lack of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I immunogenetics information available for this population. We determined transcript-based MHC class I haplotypes for 385 Chinese rhesus macaques from five different experimental cohorts, providing a concise representation of the full complement of MHC class I major alleles expressed by each animal. In total, 123 Mamu-A and Mamu-B haplotypes were defined in the full Chinese rhesus macaque cohort. We then performed an analysis of haplotype frequencies across the experimental cohorts of Chinese rhesus macaques, as well as a comparison against a group of 96 Indian rhesus macaques. Notably, 35 of the 51 Mamu-A and Mamu-B haplotypes observed in Indian rhesus macaques were also detected in the Chinese population, with 85% of the 385 Chinese-origin rhesus macaques expressing at least one of these class I haplotypes. This unexpected conservation of Indian rhesus macaque MHC class I haplotypes in the Chinese rhesus macaque population suggests that immunologic insights originally gleaned from studies using Indian rhesus macaques may be more applicable to Chinese rhesus macaques than previously appreciated and may provide an opportunity for studies of CD8+ T-cell responses between populations. It may also be possible to extend these studies across multiple species of macaques, as we found evidence of shared ancestral haplotypes between Chinese rhesus and Mauritian cynomolgus macaques.
Ipilimumab for Patients With Advanced Mucosal Melanoma
Authors: Postow Michael A. , Luke Jason J. , Bluth Mark J. , Ramaiya Nikhil , Panageas Katherine S. , Lawrence Donald P. , Ibrahim Nageatte , Flaherty Keith T. , Sullivan Ryan J. , Ott Patrick A. , Callahan Margaret K. , Harding James J. , D'Angelo Sandra P. , Dickson Mark A. , Schwartz Gary K. , Chapman Paul B. , Gnjatic Sacha , Wolchok Jedd D. , Hodi F. Stephen , Carvajal Richard D. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The outcome of patients with mucosal melanoma treated with ipilimumab is not defined. To assess the efficacy and safety of ipilimumab in this melanoma subset, we performed a multicenter, retrospective analysis of 33 patients with unresectable or metastatic mucosal melanoma treated with ipilimumab. The clinical characteristics, treatments, toxicities, radiographic assessment of disease burden by central radiology review at each site, and mutational profiles of the patients' tumors were recorded. Available peripheral blood samples were used to assess humoral immunity against a panel of cancer-testis antigens and other antigens. By the immune-related response criteria of the 30 patients who underwent radiographic assessment after ipilimumab at approximately week 12, there were 1 immune-related complete response, 1 immune-related partial response, 6 immune-related stable disease, and 22 immune-related progressive disease. By the modified World Health Organization criteria, there were 1 immune-related complete response, 1 immune-related partial response, 5 immune-related stable disease, and 23 immune-related progressive disease. Immune-related adverse events (as graded by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0) consisted of six patients with rash (four grade 1, two grade 2), three patients with diarrhea (one grade 1, two grade 3), one patient with grade 1 thyroiditis, one patient with grade 3 hepatitis, and 1 patient with grade 2 hypophysitis. The median overall survival from the time of the first dose of ipilimumab was 6.4 months (range: 1.8–26.7 months). Several patients demonstrated serologic responses to cancer-testis antigens and other antigens. Durable responses to ipilimumab were observed, but the overall response rate was low. Additional investigation is necessary to clarify the role of ipilimumab in patients with mucosal melanoma.
Spinel-free and spinel-poor dunite veins crosscutting the Wadi Rajmi ophiolite chromitite (northern Oman ophiolite)
Authors: Abbou-Kebir Khadidja , Arai Shoji , Ahmed Ahmed Hassan , Ceuleneer Georges 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Peculiar dunitic veins almost or totally free of spinels crosscut a podiform chromitite ore body in the Wadi Rajmi, northern Oman ophiolite. They probably originated from a komatiitic melt which was oversaturated in Fo≤94 olivines and which evolved to precipitate simultaneously both chromian spinels, with Cr# ranging from 0.6 to 0.8, and Fo91-93 olivines. The absence or the low modal amounts of spinels are possibly governed by a Cr-undersaturation state of the involved melt which crystallized under relatively low cooling rates to generate the spinel-free and the spinel-poor dunites. A shallow and highly depleted mantle source for this komatiitic melt was envisaged during a converging tectonic regime, initiated earlier in the dynamic history of the Oman ophiolite.
Apparent lack of cross-reactivity for infusion-related reactions between two forms of lipid-based amphotericin B
Authors: Buckley Mitchell S. , Anderson Clint S. , Patel Shardool A. , Yerondopoulos Melanie J. , Wicks Laura M. , Martin Mary T. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Purpose
The case of a patient who experienced probable infusion-related reactions to amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC) but tolerated continued amphotericin B therapy after a switch to an alternative lipid-based formulation is reported.

Summary
A 28-year-old immunocompromised man with pneumonia, respiratory failure, and neutropenic fever was initiated on ABLC and other antibiotics for suspected invasive aspergillosis. Due to the patient’s deteriorating renal function, the use of amphotericin B was deemed preferable to the standard therapy for invasive aspergillosis (voriconazole) even though he had experienced likely infusion-related reactions to ABLC on two prior occasions. During the infusion of ABLC, significant increases in the man’s temperature, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, and heart rate were observed. Although those symptoms were suspected to be infusion related, it was decided that continuing amphotericin B therapy with an alternative lipid-based form of the drug was the best course of action. After the patient was switched to liposomal amphotericin B one day later, no further infusion-related adverse reactions were noted for the duration of therapy. While this case suggests that adverse reactions to one type of amphotericin B might not occur with the use of an alternative formulation, further research is needed to better define the potential for cross-reactivity among various forms of amphotericin B and related safe-infusion practices.

Conclusion
A patient with invasive aspergillosis who experienced likely infusion- related reactions to ABLC was able to tolerate continued amphotericin B therapy after a switch to the liposomal formulation.
Associations between the risk of tooth agenesis and single-nucleotide polymorphisms of MSX1 and PAX9 genes in nonsyndromic cleft patients
Authors: Seo Yu-Jin , Park Ji Wan , Kim Young Ho , Baek Seung-Hak 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTObjective:To investigate the association between the risk of tooth agenesis and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MSX1 and PAX9 genes in nonsyndromic cleft patients.Materials and Methods:The subjects were 126 Korean nonsyndromic cleft patients. Tooth agenesis type (TAT) was classified as none (0); cleft area (1); cleft area + other area (2); and other area (3) based on agenesis of the maxillary lateral incisor (MXLI) and another tooth within or outside the cleft area. TAT was further grouped into two subcategories (0 and 1) and four subcategories (0, 1, 2, and 3). Three SNPs of MSX1 and 10 SNPs of PAX9 were investigated using Fisher's exact test and logistic regression analysis.Results:Although the association between genotype distribution of PAX9-rs7142363 and TAT was significant (P &lt; .05 in four subcategories), genotypic odds ratios (GORs) of SNPs in each TAT were not meaningful. However, for MSX1-rs12532 and PAX9-rs2073247, associations between genotypic distribution and TAT were significant (P &lt; .01 in four subcategories and P &lt; .05 in two subcategories; P &lt; .01 in two subcategories, respectively). In cleft area, GORs of MXLI agenesis in genotypes GA of MSX1-rs12532 and CT of PAX9-rs2073247 were increased by 3.14-fold and 4.15-fold compared with genotype GG of MSX1-rs12532 and CC of PAX9-rs2073247, respectively (P &lt;. 01; P &lt; .05). In cleft area + other area, the GOR of agenesis of MXLI and another tooth in genotype AA of MSX1-rs12532 was increased by fivefold compared with genotype GG (P &lt; .05).Conclusion:Genetic disturbances of MSX1 and PAX9 genes are associated with tooth agenesis within and outside the cleft area.
Low-Volume Insulin Degludec 200 Units/mL Once Daily Improves Glycemic Control Similarly to Insulin Glargine With a Low Risk of Hypoglycemia in Insulin-Naïve Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Gough Stephen C.L. , Bhargava Anuj , Jain Rajeev , Mersebach Henriette , Rasmussen Søren , Bergenstal Richard M. 
Published: May 2013

OBJECTIVE
The 200 units/mL formulation of insulin degludec (IDeg 200 units/mL) contains equal units of insulin in half the volume compared with the 100 units/mL formulation. We compared the efficacy and safety of IDeg 200 units/mL once daily with 100 units/mL insulin glargine (IGlar) in insulin-naïve subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) inadequately controlled with oral antidiabetic drugs.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In this 26-week, open-label, treat-to-target trial, subjects (n = 457; mean HbA1c 8.3% [67 mmol/mol], BMI 32.4 kg/m2, and fasting plasma glucose [FPG] 9.6 mmol/L [173.2 mg/dL]) were randomized to IDeg 200 units/mL or IGlar, both given once daily in combination with metformin with or without a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor. Basal insulin was initiated at 10 units/day and titrated weekly to an FPG target of &lt;5 mmol/L (&lt;90 mg/dL) according to mean prebreakfast self-measured blood glucose values from the preceding 3 days.

RESULTS
By 26 weeks, IDeg reduced HbA1c by 1.30% and was not inferior to IGlar. Mean observed FPG reductions were significantly greater with IDeg than IGlar (−3.7 vs. −3.4 mmol/L [–67 vs. –61 mg/dL]; estimated treatment difference: −0.42 [95% CI −0.78 to −0.06], P = 0.02). Despite this difference, rates of overall confirmed hypoglycemia were not higher with IDeg than with IGlar (1.22 and 1.42 episodes/patient-year, respectively), as were rates of nocturnal confirmed hypoglycemia (0.18 and 0.28 episodes/patient-year, respectively). Mean daily basal insulin dose was significantly lower by 11% with IDeg 200 units/mL compared with IGlar. IDeg was well-tolerated, and the rate of treatment-emergent adverse events was similar across groups.

CONCLUSIONS
In this treat-to-target trial in insulin-naïve patients with T2DM, IDeg 200 units/mL improved glycemic control similarly to IGlar with a low risk of hypoglycemia.
Marginal Adaptation of Direct Class II Composite Restorations with Different Cavity Liners
Authors: Pecie R , Onisor I , Krejci I , Bortolotto T 
Published: May 2013

SUMMARY
The aim of this study was to evaluate how cavity linings with different elastic modulus can influence the marginal adaptation (MA) of Class II composite restorations before and after thermo-mechanical loading.
Materials and Methods: Forty Class II cavities with margins extending 1 mm below the cement-enamel junction were prepared in extracted human third molars. In each group except the control group, a lining material of 1-mm thickness was applied to the bottom of the cavity and polymerized before placing the resin composite Herculite XRV Ultra (group A: control; group B: Premise Flowable lining; group C: Herculite XRV Ultra lining; and group D: Optibond FL lining). MA was evaluated (with a scanning electron microscope) before and after loading (200,000 loading cycles). Statistical analysis was done using the Shapiro-Wilks test, the analysis of variance test, and Duncan post hoc test at p&lt;0.05.
Results: Before loading, the percentages of continuous margins in dentin were superior (p&lt;0.05) for groups C and D (71.1% and 87.2%, respectively) compared to groups A and B (55.7% and 48.3%, respectively). After loading, group D (79.8%) was statistically superior in dentin compared to all of the other groups (43.6%, 35.9%, and 54.4%, respectively). In occlusal enamel, no significant difference was found between groups. The percentage of enamel fractures and the percentage of noncontinuous margins in proximal enamel were high, with no significant difference between liners. It can be concluded that for the materials used in this study, a 1-mm-thick lining with an extremely low elastic modulus (2-3 GPa) could redistribute shrinkage stress. The use of a flowable composite did not significantly improve MA.
Evaluation of thermal antinociceptive effects after intramuscular administration of hydromorphone hydrochloride to American kestrels (Falco sparverius)
Authors: Guzman David Sanchez-Migallon , Drazenovich Tracy L. , Olsen Glenn H. , Willits Neil H. , Paul-Murphy Joanne R. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the antinociceptive and sedative effects and duration of action of hydromorphone hydrochloride after IM administration to American kestrels (Falco sparverius).
Animals—11 healthy 2-year-old American kestrels.
Procedures—Hydromorphone (0.1, 0.3, and 0.6 mg/kg) and an equivalent volume of saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (control treatment) were administered IM to kestrels in a masked randomized complete crossover study design. Foot withdrawal response to a thermal stimulus was determined 30 to 60 minutes before (baseline) and 0.5, 1.5, 3, and 6 hours after treatment administration. Agitation-sedation scores were determined 3 to 5 minutes before each thermal test.
Results—Hydromorphone at 0.6 mg/kg, IM, significantly increased the thermal foot withdrawal threshold, compared with the response after administration of saline solution, for up to 3 hours, and hydromorphone at 0.1, 0.3, and 0.6 mg/kg, IM, significantly increased withdrawal responses for up to 6 hours, compared with baseline values. No significant differences in mean sedation-agitation scores were detected between hydromorphone and saline solution treatments; however, appreciable sedation was detected in 4 birds when administered 0.6 mg of hydromorphone/kg.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Hydromorphone at the doses evaluated significantly increased the thermal nociception threshold for American kestrels for 3 to 6 hours. Additional studies with other types of stimulation, formulations, dosages, routes of administration, and testing times are needed to fully evaluate the analgesic and adverse effects of hydromorphone in kestrels and other avian species and the use of hydromorphone in clinical settings.
Evaluation of righting reflex in cane toads (Bufo marinus) after topical application of sevoflurane jelly
Authors: Stone Sabrina M. , Clark-Price Stuart C. , Boesch Jordyn M. , Mitchell Mark A. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the righting reflex after topical application of a sevoflurane jelly in cane toads (Bufo marinus).
Animals—8 cane toads.
Procedures—Toads were 6 to 8 months of age and weighed (mean ± SD) 142.0 ± 25.2 g. Sevoflurane jelly was applied to the dorsum of each toad at a dose of 25 μL/g in trial 1 and 37.5 μL/g in trial 2. Toads were placed in dorsal recumbency every 30 seconds until loss of the righting reflex. Jelly was then removed by rinsing the toads with tap water. Toads were then left undisturbed in dorsal recumbency until return of the righting reflex. Chamber sevoflurane concentration was measured to determine vaporization.
Results—6 of 8 toads in trial 1 and 8 of 8 toads in trial 2 lost the righting reflex. Mean ± SD time to loss of the reflex was 8.2 ± 1.3 minutes for trial 1 and 8.3 ± 0.9 minutes for trial 2; this difference was not significant. Mean ± SD time to return of the reflex was 25.6 ± 26.2 minutes for trial 1 and 84.4 ± 47.2 minutes for trial 2; this difference was significant. Chamber sevoflurane concentration did not change significantly, compared with baseline (time 0) concentration, at any time in trial 1; however, there was a significant change in chamber sevoflurane concentration from baseline (time 0) concentration in trial 2. Chamber sevoflurane concentrations were not significantly different between trial 1 and trial 2 at any time. Mean ± SD chamber sevoflurane concentration was 0.46 ± 0.2% for trial 1 and 0.57 ± 0.28% for trial 2.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Sevoflurane jelly applied topically at a dose of 37.5 μL/g induced a more reliable loss of righting reflex and longer recovery time than when applied at a dose of 25 μL/g in cane toads.