bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting hedgehog‐GLI‐2 pathway in osteosarcoma
Authors: Yang Wen , Liu Xianzhe , Choy Edwin , Mankin Henry , Hornicek Francis J. , Duan Zhenfeng 
Published: September 2012

AbstractOsteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone. Patients with localized osteosarcoma are routinely treated with chemotherapy and surgery. However, many of these patients eventually relapse after these treatments. In such cases, there are limited treatment options for these patients and most will eventually die with metastatic disease. Therefore, it is imperative to identify better therapeutic strategies. Hedgehog‐GLI is responsible for the development of vertebrate embryonic and tumorigenesis. Specifically, the transcription factor, GLI‐2, plays a key role in development of normal prostate. Aberrant activation of GLI‐2 is correlated with various malignancies. We observe that GLI‐2 is highly expressed in osteosarcoma cell lines, and this correlates with poor clinical outcomes in patients. Knockdown of GLI‐2 by siRNA decreases osteosarcoma cell proliferation and viability, which eventually induces cell death as revealed in both in 2D and 3D cultures. In addition, we notice that administration of GLI‐2 siRNA can increase the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. These findings suggest GLI‐2 is required for osteosarcoma cell proliferation and survival. GLI‐2 may be exploited as a therapeutic target for the treatment of osteosarcoma patients. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31: 502–509, 2013
Effects of California chaparral plants on in vitro ruminal fermentation of forage and concentrate diet
Authors: Narvaez Nelmy , Wang Yuxi , Xu Zhong , McAllister Tim 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: The combustible nature of chaparral plants has been attributed to the presence of secondary compounds such as phenolic acids, flavonoids and essential oils, among others. However, the implication of the antimicrobial properties of secondary compounds of chaparral in modulating rumen microbial metabolism has not been determined. The effects of 11 chaparral plants on rumen microbial fermentation were assessed in an in vitro batch culture fermentation fed a barley silage:barley grain‐based low concentrate (LC) and high concentrate (HC) diets.RESULTS: With LC, gas production [g dry matter (DM) incubated] and DM disappearance (DMD) were unaffected by Adenostoma fasciculatum, Ceanothus cuneatus, Baccharis pilularis or Eriodictyon californicum, but all plants except C. cuneatus decreased (P < 0.05) CH4 production. With HC diet, all species except A. fasciculatum decreased (P < 0.01) total gas produced. Total volatile fatty acids (VFA) produced, molar proportions of acetate, propionate and butyrate, and the acetate:propionate (A:P) ratio were unaffected by chaparral addition to both HC and LC diets. Increased concentrations of A. fasciculatum and E. californicum decreased (linear; P < 0.05) fermentability and productions of CH4 and NH3‐N.CONCLUSION: Among all chaparral species investigated A. fasciculatum and E. californicum added as 10% of LC diet showed some potential to exert beneficial effects on rumen microbial fermentation. © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2012
High‐performance liquid chromatographic phenolic compound fingerprint for authenticity assessment of honey
Authors: Cavazza Antonella , Corradini Claudio , Musci Marilena , Salvadeo Paola 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Phenolic compound profiles of 20 honeys of different botanical origin (eucalyptus, citrus, chestnut and linden) were obtained by high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection after solid phase extraction, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the fingerprint method for monofloral honey discrimination.RESULTS: A total of 58 peaks were detected at λ = 280 nm. Distinctive phenolic compound profiles were obtained in which both the nature and the relative amount of the detected compounds were characteristic for different botanical source honeys. In order to detect sample groupings, chromatographic peak areas were submitted to principal component analysis. Then linear discriminant analysis was carried out on the first three principal components. In addition, linear discriminant analysis was carried out on the 58 variables, allowing the selection of five variables able to discriminate honeys of different botanical origin.CONCLUSION: The chemometric evaluation of the phenolic compound profiles yielded classification models able to group honey samples according to their floral source with an excellent degree of agreement. The main advantage of the fingerprint approach with respect to traditional methods is that it does not require time‐consuming identification and quantification of the analytes. The method proved to be effective for the assessment of honey authenticity. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of grafting and ripening conditions on some qualitative traits of ‘Cuore di bue’ tomato fruits
Authors: Nicoletto Carlo , Tosini Franco , Sambo Paolo 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundGrafting technique is increasingly being employed in order to obtain high production in difficult soils and to reduce chemical application. The present experimental work addressed the effect of grafting of tomato, cv. “Profitto” (P), on to the rootstocks “Beaufort” (B) and “Big Power” (BP) on fruit quality. Both fruit left to ripen on the plant and fruit stored at low temperature (4 °C) were included in the quality assessment.ResultsVitamin C and fructose content decreased in B andBPin fruits stored at 4 °C, whereas fruits ripened on the plant showed higher sugar concentrations. The free phenolic acids extracted were identified as caffeic acid,p‐coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid. Higher antioxidant compound content was consistently shown by P. Cold storage conditions caused a higher phenolic acid production due to the increase of ferulic acid. Compared with ripening on the plant, percentage differences ranged between 14.3% (caffeic acid) and 12.5% (p‐coumaric and chlorogenic acids). Total phenol content was also affected by maturation, showing higher values in fruits ripened on the plant than under cold storage conditions.ConclusionsIt was possible to observe a significant relationship between tomato fruit quality and grafting and relevant differences in fruit ripening conditions. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Identification and quantification of anthocyanins in Kyoho grape juice‐making pomace, Cabernet Sauvignon grape winemaking pomace and their fresh skin
Authors: Li Yuan , Ma Ruijing , Xu Zhenzhen , Wang Junhan , Chen Tong , Chen Fang , Wang Zhengfu 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe anthocyanins of Kyoho grape juice‐making pomace, Cabernet Sauvignon grape winemaking pomace and their fresh skin were identified and quantified by high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, and the influence of processing on the anthocyanin profiles was investigated.ResultsTwenty‐three and 16 anthocyanins were found in fresh skin of Kyoho and Cabernet Sauvignon grapes, respectively. Malvidin 3‐(trans)‐coumaroyl‐5‐diglucoside and malvidin 3‐glucoside were the most abundant anthocyanin in fresh skin of Kyoho and Cabernet Sauvignon grapes, respectively. The cis and trans isomers of malvidin 3‐coumaroyl‐5‐diglucoside are reported in Kyoho grape for the first time. In addition, the anthocyanin content of juice‐making pomace of Kyoho grapes and winemaking pomace of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes was significantly lower than the fresh skin samples (p < 0.05). The percentage variation of non‐acylated anthocyanins was lower than that of acylated anthocyanins in all pomace samples.ConclusionKyoho grape and Cabernet Sauvignon grape showed distinctive anthocyanin profiles. Juice‐making pomace is a better source of anthocyanins for use in functional foods than winemaking pomace.
Development of event‐specific PCR detection methods for genetically modified tomato Huafan No. 1
Authors: Yang Chao , Zhang Dabing , Yang Litao 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe genetically modified (GM) tomato Huafan No. 1 is a commercial GM event created in China, and the development of specific methods for its identification and quantification is necessary under labeling regulations for genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The event‐specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method is the most used method for identification of GMOs in routine analysis.ResultsThe 3′ junction sequence of transgene integration in GM Huafan No. 1 tomato was revealed by thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR (TAIL‐PCR) and sequencing analysis. Based on the revealed 3′ integration junction sequence, both conventional and real‐time PCR assays were developed and validated for GM Huafan No. 1 tomato identification. In the conventional PCR assay, the limit of detection (LOD) was 20 haploid genome copies. In the real‐time PCR assay, the LOD and limit of quantification (LOQ) were estimated to be 5 and 10 tomato haploid genome copies, respectively. Furthermore, the developed PCR methods were well validated by in‐house validation.ConclusionOur results suggest that the developed event‐specific PCR methods can be routinely used for identification and quantification of GM Huafan No. 1 tomato.© 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of fluid inertia forces on the squeeze film characteristics of conical plates—ferromagnetic fluid model
Authors: Lin Jaw‐Ren , Lin Ming‐Chung , Hung Tzu‐Chen , Wang Pin‐Yu 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTOn the basis of the Shliomis ferromagnetic fluid model, this paper is mainly concerned with the influences of convective fluid inertia forces in magnetic fluid‐based conical squeeze film plates in the presence of external magnetic fields. By applying the averaged momentum principle, a lubrication equation governing the film pressure is derived. Some previous contributions can be obtained from special cases of the present studies. Comparing with the non‐inertia non‐magnetic case, better squeeze film performances are predicted for the magnetic fluid‐based conical plates operating with a larger value of the inertial parameter of fluid inertia forces, the volume concentration of ferrite particles and the strength of applied magnetic fields. Some numerical results with specific cone angles are also provided in tables for engineering applications. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Finding the gold hidden in your company
Authors: Smith Neil 
Published: September 2012

AbstractJust because a company is excellent doesn't mean it can't improve. Smith finds that often the source of that improvement can be found in employee ideas. However, common barriers block improvement, such as controversy, information, time, change, silos, and processes. He outlines 12 principles for breaking down those barriers, starting with the process being led by the CEO, engaging the whole organization in change, and that ideas should be considered “based on facts and analysis, not opinions.” An especially crucial principle is building consensus. Without it, “there is no commitment to or investment in bringing an idea to fruition.”
The Right Angle: Visual Portrayal of Products Affects Observers’ Impressions of Owners
Authors: Schuldt Jonathon P. , Konrath Sara H. , Schwarz Norbert 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTConsumer products have long been known to influence observers’ impressions of product owners. The angle at which products are visually portrayed in advertisements, however, may be an overlooked factor in these effects. We hypothesize and find that portrayals of the same product from different viewpoints can prime different associations that color impressions of product and owner in parallel ways. In Study 1, automobiles were rated higher on status‐ and power‐related traits (e.g., dominant, powerful) when portrayed head‐on versus in side profile, an effect found for sport utility vehicles (SUVs)—a category with a reputation for dominance—but not sedans. In Study 2, these portrayal‐based associations influenced the impressions formed about the product's owner: a target person was rated higher on status‐ and power‐related traits when his SUV was portrayed head‐on versus in side profile. These results suggest that the influence of visual portrayal extends beyond general evaluations of products to affect more specific impressions of products and owners alike, and highlight that primed traits are likely to influence impressions when compatible with other knowledge about the target.
An Exploratory Study of the Otaku Adolescent Consumer
Authors: Niu Han‐Jen , Chiang Yung‐Sung , Tsai Hsien‐Tang 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTHigh accessibility to Internet technology and popularization of focus media has given rise to various emerging subcultures among the younger generation who constantly seek novelty. The otaku is such an adolescent subculture of avid collectors who have a special lifestyle and who are obsessed with anime products. This study explores this specific adolescent segment's traits and purchasing behavior patterns. A focus‐group interview was conducted with some adolescent otaku to allow them to express their opinions and purchasing behaviors. Then, a questionnaire was developed based on the interview's findings, and data from a survey of 105 respondents were collected. Exploratory factor analysis was applied to extract the otaku's trait factors, while confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used for the verification of the scale and structural model, respectively. The results show that the adolescent otaku present an obsessive preference for visual perception. The main factor influencing the otaku's purchasing intentions in terms of animation, comics, and games (ACG) is their strong interest in and participation willingness toward ACG. Strategic marketing directions applied to this adolescent group should emphasize information visualization to entice their buying behavior.
Consumer Decision Making on the Web: A Theoretical Analysis and Research Guidelines
Authors: Punj Girish 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTRecent empirical data on online shopping suggests that consumers have the potential to make better quality decisions while shopping on the web. But whether such potential is being realized by most consumers is an unresolved matter. Hence, the purpose of this research is to understand how (1) certain features of electronic environments have a favorable effect on the abilities of consumers to make better decisions, and (2) identify information‐processing strategies that would enable consumers to make better quality decisions while shopping online. A cross‐disciplinary theoretical analysis based on constructs drawn from economics (e.g., time costs), computing (e.g., recommendation agents), and psychology (e.g., decision strategies) is conducted to identify factors that potentially influence decision quality in electronic environments. The research is important from a theoretical standpoint because it examines an important aspect of online consumer decision making, namely, the impact of the electronic environment on the capabilities of consumers. It is important from both a managerial and public policy standpoint because the ability of shoppers to make better quality decisions while shopping online is directly related to improving market efficiency and enhancing consumer welfare in electronic markets.
Lycopene inhibits hepatic steatosis via microRNA‐21‐induced downregulation of fatty acid‐binding protein 7 in mice fed a high‐fat diet
Authors: Ahn Jiyun , Lee Hyunjung , Jung Chang Hwa , Ha Taeyoul 
Published: September 2012

ScopeNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic disorder characterized by hepatic fat accumulation and abnormal lipid metabolism. Here, we investigated the protective effect of lycopene on high‐fat diet‐induced hepatic steatosis and fatty acid‐induced intracellular lipid accumulation by miRNA regulation.Methods and resultsC57BL/6J mice were fed high‐fat diet with or without 0.05% lycopene for 8 weeks. Hepa 1–6 cells were treated with stearic acid (SA) after 24 h pretreatment with lycopene. Treatment of lycopene improved hepatic steatosis in high‐fat‐fed mice and reduced intracellular lipid accumulation induced by SA in Hepa 1–6 cells. We demonstrated that miR‐21 expression was decreased in livers from high‐fat diet‐fed mice and Hepa 1–6 cells treated with SA. Lycopene normalized the downregulation of miR‐21, which led to the downregulation of fatty acid‐binding protein 7 (FABP7), a direct target of miR‐21, at both the transcriptional and translational levels. This specific negative regulation of miR‐21 was achieved by targeting the FABP7 3′UTR. Upregulation of miR‐21 markedly blocked SA‐induced intracellular lipid accumulation by blocking FABP7 expression. Moreover, silencing of FABP7 reduced SA‐evoked lipid accumulation in Hepa 1–6 cells.ConclusionThe results suggest that lycopene may be a useful functional compound for treating NAFLD by regulating hepatic lipid metabolism.
The epidemiology of urinary incontinence and it's influence on quality of life in Taiwanese middle‐aged women
Authors: Horng Shiow‐Shiun , Huang Nicole , Wu Shiow‐Ing , Fang Yi‐Ting , Chou Yiing‐Jenq , Chou Pesus 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAimTo evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of urinary incontinence (UI) and its effects on quality of life in women aged between 35 and 64 years.MethodsData were obtained from the 2005 National Health Interview survey, in which 4,661 women aged between 35 and 64 years responded to questions concerning UI occurrence and health‐related quality of life (HRQL), assessed using the Short Form 36, Taiwan version. Chi‐square tests and multiple logistic regressions were applied to analyze comorbidity and risk factors of UI. Multivariable liner regression was used to evaluate the association between UI and HRQL.ResultsThe weighted UI prevalence in Taiwanese women aged 35–44, 45–54 years, and 55–64 years were 14.7%, 24.7%, and 32.4%, respectively. After adjustment, increased age, greater parity, higher BMI (body mass index), former HRT use, having a psychiatric disease, hyperlipidemia, and respiratory disease were identified as significant UI risk factors. Women with UI had significantly lower scores on all SF‐36 dimensions. After adjusting for other factors, UI remained a significant predictor of all domains of SF‐36 and was associated with reduced physical (by 2.31 points) and mental (by 2.76 points) component summary scores. From a mental health perspective, UI had a greater influence on HRQL than diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and chronic kidney disease.ConclusionThe UI prevalence of Taiwanese women is high, and its negative effects on quality of life are greater than those of other major chronic conditions, but are often overlooked and seldom intervened. Neurourol. Urodynam. 32: 371–376, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reliability and differentiation of pelvic floor muscle electromyography measurements in healthy volunteers using a new device: The multiple array probe leiden (MAPLe)
Authors: Voorham‐van der Zalm Petra J. , Voorham Jeroen C. , van den Bos Tine W.L. , Ouwerkerk Theo J. , Putter Hein , Wasser Martin N.J.M. , Webb Andrew , DeRuiter Marco C. , Pelger Rob C.M. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAimsA new multiple electrode probe, the Multiple Array Probe Leiden (MAPLe), has been developed for biofeedback registration of the individual pelvic floor musculature (PFM). The aim was to determine the reliability and differentiation of electromyography (EMG) signals measured with the MAPLe in healthy volunteers.MethodsTwo hundred twenty nine healthy volunteers not seeking treatment or using medication for symptoms of prolapse, lower urinary tract, bowel, pain, and/or sexual function related to pelvic floor dysfunction were qualified to participate. Subjects were asked to perform five tasks: rest, maximum voluntary contractions, endurance, cough, and valsalva. Mean EMG values per electrode were registered. Test–retest reliability was assessed using linear mixed model with random subject effects. One‐way ANOVA tests were performed to detect differences between groups.ResultsMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that each of the electrodes could be related nearest to the individual muscles. For test‐retest, the intraclass correlation ranged from 0.53 to 0.91. The MAPLe showed significant differences in average EMG values between men and women, and between nulliparous and parous, pre‐ and prostmenpausal women. Significant differences were seen between the left and right sides of the pelvic floor. In addition, the activity nearest to the individual pelvic floor muscles (external anal sphincter (EAS), puborectalis muscle, bulbospongiosus, ischiocavernosus and the pubococcygeus muscle) could be determined.ConclusionsThe MAPLe is a reliable instrument measuring the EMG signals of the different sides and levels nearest to the pelvic floor musculature and is capable to differentiate between men and women, nulliparous, parous, pre‐ and postmenopausal. The findings of this study have implications for the diagnosis and treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction in the future. Neurourol. Urodynam. 32: 341–348, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A new nine‐node solid‐shell finite element using complete 3D constitutive laws
Authors: Bassa B. , Sabourin F. , Brunet M. 
Published: September 2012

SUMMARYThe solid‐shell element presented in this paper has nine nodes: eight are classically located at the apexes and are fitted with three translational DOFs whereas the ninth is sited at the center and is endowed with only one DOF; a displacement along the ‘thickness’ direction. Indeed, to be used for modeling thin structures under bending effects, this kind of finite element has a favored direction where several integration points are distributed. Besides, there is solely one ‘in‐plane’ quadrature point to avoid locking phenomena and prohibitive CPU costs for large nonlinear computations. Because a reduced integration is not enough to completely prevent transverse shear locking, a shear–strain field is assumed. Compared with the other eight‐node ‘solid‐shell' bricks, the presence of a supplementary node has a main aim: getting a linear normal strain component which, along with a full three‐dimensional constitutive strain–stress behavior, allows to achieve similar results in bending cases as those obtained with the usual plane stress state hypothesis. For that, the ninth node DOF plays the role of an extra parameter essential for a quadratic interpolation of the displacement in the thickness direction. The advantage is that this DOF has a physical meaning and, for instance, a strength equivalent to a normal pressure can be prescribed. With a suitable nodal numbering, the band width is not significantly increased and meshes can easily be generated because the extra nodes are always located at element centers. To emphasize the peculiar features of such an element, a set of examples (linear and nonlinear) is carried out. Numerous comparisons with other elements show pretty good results in bending dominating problems while adding the event of a normal stress component in sheet metal forming simulations with double side contact. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.