bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food Safety Hazards and Microbiological Zoonoses in European Meat Imports Detected in Border Inspection in the Period 2008–2013
Authors: Jansen W. , Grabowski N. , Gerulat B. , Klein G. 
Published: May 2015

SummaryMicrobiological contaminations and other food safety hazards are omnipresent within the European Union (EU) and a considerable risk for consumers, particularly in imported meat and meat products. The number of rejections at external EU borders has been increasing in recent years. Official authorities in each member state are therefore obliged to notify border rejections of food and animal feed due to a direct or indirect risk to human or animal health. This study explored the trends and temporal and spatial distribution of notifications on food safety hazards between January 2008 and December 2013 with a special emphasis on microbiological zoonoses in meat and meat products including poultry at border checks resulting from the rapid alert system for food and feed (RASFF). Results indicated that border rejection notifications are increasing exponentially, frequently due to Salmonella in poultry and shiga‐toxin‐producing E. coli in meat and meat products.
Draft Genome Sequence of 24570, the Type Strain of Shigella flexneri
Authors: Baker Kate S. , Parkhill Julian , Thomson Nicholas R. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Shigella flexneri
is a diarrheal pathogen that causes a large disease burden worldwide. We sequenced the genome of the publicly available type strain (
S. flexneri
2a strain 24570) of this bacterial species to increase its utility as a reference. We present genome assembly results and comparisons with other reference strains.
Whole-Genome Sequence of a Novel Hantavirus Isolated from the European Mole (
Talpa europaea
)
Authors: Gu Se Hun , Hejduk Janusz , Markowski Janusz , Markowski Marcin , Liberski Paweł P. , Yanagihara Richard 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

The complete genome sequence of Nova virus, a novel hantavirus isolated from a European mole (
Talpa europaea
) captured in central Poland, was determined. The availability of this sequence will facilitate the search for other mole-borne hantaviruses and will accelerate the acquisition of new knowledge about their phylogeography and evolutionary origin.
Draft Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium chelonae Type Strain ATCC 35752
Authors: Hasan Nabeeh A. , Davidson Rebecca M. , de Moura Vinicius Calado Nogueira , Garcia Benjamin J. , Reynolds Paul R. , Epperson L. Elaine , Farias-Hesson Eveline , DeGroote Mary Ann , Jackson Mary , Strong Michael 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium chelonae
is a rapidly growing opportunistic nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) species that causes infections in humans and other hosts. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Mycobacterium chelonae
type strain ATCC 35752, consisting of 4.89 Mbp, 63.96% G+C content, 4,489 protein-coding genes, 48 tRNAs, and 3 rRNA genes.
Genome Anatomy of Streptococcus parasanguinis Strain C1A, Isolated from a Patient with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Reveals Unusual Genomic Features
Authors: Chan Kok-Gan , Ng Kim Tien , Pang Yong Kek , Chong Teik Min , Kamarulzaman Adeeba , Yin Wai-Fong , Tee Kok Keng 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Streptococcus parasanguinis
causes invasive diseases. However, the mechanism by which it causes disease remains unclear. Here, we describe the complete genome sequence of
S. parasanguinis
C1A, isolated from a patient diagnosed with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Several genes that might be associated with pathogenesis are also described.
Complete Genome Sequence of an Evolved Thermotoga maritima Isolate
Authors: Singh Raghuveer , Gradnigo Julien , White Derrick , Lipzen Anna , Martin Joel , Schackwitz Wendy , Moriyama Etsuko , Blum Paul 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Thermotoga maritima
is a hyperthermophilic bacterium with a small genome (1.86 Mbp). Genome resequencing of Tma200, a derivative produced by experimental microbial evolution, revealed the occurrence of deletions and substitution mutations. Their identification contributes to a better understanding of genome instability in this organism.
Pandoraea
sp. Strain E26: Discovery of Its Quorum-Sensing Properties via Whole-Genome Sequence Analysis
Authors: Chan Kok-Gan , Yin Wai-Fong , Tee Kok Keng , Chang Chien-Yi , Priya Kumutha 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

We report the draft genome sequence of
Pandoraea
sp. strain E26 isolated from a former landfill site, sequenced by the Illumina MiSeq platform. This genome sequence will be useful to further understand the quorum-sensing system of this isolate.
Assessment of tumour viability in human lung cancer xenografts with texture-based image analysis
Authors: Turkki Riku , Linder Nina , Holopainen Tanja , Wang Yinhai , Grote Anne , Lundin Mikael , Alitalo Kari , Lundin Johan 
Published: May 2015

AimsTo build and evaluate an automated method for assessing tumour viability in histological tissue samples using texture features and supervised learning.MethodsH&E-stained sections (n=56) of human non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma xenografts were digitised with a whole-slide scanner. A novel image analysis method based on local binary patterns and a support vector machine classifier was trained with a set of sample regions (n=177) extracted from the whole-slide images and tested with another set of images (n=494). The extracted regions, or single-tissue entity images, were chosen to represent as pure as possible examples of three morphological tissue entities: viable tumour tissue, non-viable tumour tissue and mouse host tissue.ResultsAn agreement of 94.5% (area under the curve=0.995, kappa=0.90) was achieved to classify the single-tissue entity images in the test set (n=494) into the viable tumour and non-viable tumour tissue categories. The algorithm assigned 250 of the 252 non-viable and 219 of the 242 of viable sample regions to the correct categories, respectively. This corresponds to a sensitivity of 90.5% and specificity of 99.2%.ConclusionsThe proposed image analysis-based tumour viability assessment resulted in a high agreement with expert annotations. By providing extraction of detailed information of the tumour microenvironment, the automated method can be used in preclinical research settings. The method could also have implications in cancer diagnostics, cancer outcome prognostics and prediction.
Acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea syndrome in dogs: 108 cases
Authors: Mortier F. , Strohmeyer K. , Hartmann K. , Unterer S. 
Published: May 2015

No prospective studies including large numbers of dogs with acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea syndrome (AHDS) are published so far. The aim of this case–control study was to describe signalment, history, clinical signs, laboratory values and course of disease in dogs with AHDS. Dogs (108) with idiopathic acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea (<3 days) were prospectively enrolled. Clinical assessment was performed by calculation of the ‘AHDS index’ (0–18). The hospital population and 21 healthy dogs served as control groups. Dogs with AHDS had a significantly lower body weight (median 9.8 kg) and age (median five years) than other dogs of the hospital population (20 kg; 10 years) (P<0.001). Predisposed breeds were Yorkshire terrier, miniature pinscher, miniature schnauzer and Maltese. The syndrome was more likely to occur during winter. Vomiting preceded the onset of bloody diarrhoea in 80 per cent of dogs and haematemesis was observed in half of those cases. Median AHDS index at presentation was 12 (range 3–17). Haematocrit was generally high (median 57.1 per cent; range 33–76 per cent), but exceeded 60 per cent only in 31.4 per cent of dogs. Haematocrit of 48.1 per cent of dogs was above reference range, as was monocyte (50.0 per cent), segmented (59.6 per cent) and band neutrophil count (45.2 per cent). A rapid clinical improvement occurred during the first 48 hours.
β-Cryptoxanthin Synergistically Enhances the Antitumoral Activity of Oxaliplatin through ΔNP73 Negative Regulation in Colon Cancer
Authors: San Millán Coral , Soldevilla Beatriz , Martín Paloma , Gil-Calderón Beatriz , Compte Marta , Pérez-Sacristán Belén , Donoso Encarnación , Peña Cristina , Romero Jesús , Granado-Lorencio Fernando , Bonilla Félix , Domínguez Gemma 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Background: The acquired resistance to chemotherapy represents the major limitation in the treatment of cancer. New strategies to solve this failure and improve patients' outcomes are necessary. The cancer preventive effect of β-cryptoxanthin has been widely described in population studies. Few reports support its putative use as an antitumoral compound. Here we focus on the therapeutic potential of β-cryptoxanthin individually or in combination with oxaliplatin in colon cancer and try to decipher the molecular basis underlying its effect.
Methods: Apoptosis, viability and proliferation assays, mouse models, and an intervention study in 20 healthy subjects were performed. A PCR array was carried out to unravel the molecular putative basis of the β-cryptoxanthin effect, and further signaling experiments were conducted. Comet Assay was completed to evaluate the genotoxicity of the treatments.
Results: β-Cryptoxanthin differentially regulates the expression of the P73 variants in vitro, in vivo, and in a human intervention study. This carotenoid decreases the proliferation of cancer cells and cooperates with oxaliplatin to induce apoptosis through the negative regulation of ΔNP73. The antitumoral concentrations of oxaliplatin decrease in the presence of β-cryptoxanthin to achieve same percentage of growth inhibition. The genotoxicity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of mice decreased in the combined treatment.
Conclusions: We propose a putative novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of colon cancer based on the combination of β-cryptoxanthin and oxaliplatin. The combined regimen produced more benefit than either individual modality without increasing side effects. In addition, the concentration-limiting toxicity of oxaliplatin is reduced in the presence of the carotenoid. Clin Cancer Res; 21(19); 4398–409. ©2015 AACR.
A violência escolar em matérias de jornal: um imaginário construído em Belém - PA
Authors: Silva Livia Sousa da , Mendonça Kátia Marly Leite 
Published: May 2015

<p>O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar de que forma se constitui o imaginário da violência escolar no texto midiático. Ao proceder à análise de textos midiáticos impressos buscamos a compreensão dos constituintes imaginários subjacentes à ideia de violência escolar conformada nesses discursos. Por acreditar numa construção midiática perpassada de intencionalidades, que ao construir um imaginário para a violência estará influenciando opiniões e decisões, quer seja no foro particular ou da esfera pública; participando mesmo da construção da Violência Escolar como objeto de estudo, de atenção e de intervenção. Para tanto, julgamos importante conjugar estudos do campo da Sociologia da Comunicação e do Imaginário e da Hermenêutica Compreensivo-Dialógica. Como uma primeira incursão de investigação nessa arena de significações, expomos um prelúdio da tessitura de tal pesquisa. </p>
Role of Insulin in the Regulation of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9
Authors: Miao Ji , Manthena Praveen V. , Haas Mary E. , Ling Alisha V. , Shin Dong-Ju , Graham Mark J. , Crooke Rosanne M. , Liu Jingwen , Biddinger Sudha B. 
Published: May 2015

Objective—
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), which binds the low-density lipoprotein receptor and targets it for degradation, has emerged as an important regulator of serum cholesterol levels and cardiovascular disease risk. Although much work is currently focused on developing therapies for inhibiting PCSK9, the endogenous regulation of PCSK9, particularly by insulin, remains unclear. The objective of these studies was to determine the effects of insulin on PCSK9 in vitro and in vivo.

Approach and Results—

Using rat hepatoma cells and primary rat hepatocytes, we found that insulin increased PCSK9 expression and increased low-density lipoprotein receptor degradation in a PCSK9-dependent manner. In parallel, hepatic
Pcsk9
mRNA and plasma PCSK9 protein levels were reduced by 55% to 75% in mice with liver-specific knockout of the insulin receptor; 75% to 88% in mice made insulin-deficient with streptozotocin; and 65% in
ob/ob
mice treated with antisense oligonucleotides against the insulin receptor. However, antisense oligonucleotide–mediated knockdown of insulin receptor in lean, wild-type mice had little effect. In addition, we found that fasting was able to reduce PCSK9 expression by 80% even in mice that lack hepatic insulin signaling.

Conclusions—
Taken together, these data indicate that although insulin induces PCSK9 expression, it is not the sole or even dominant regulator of PCSK9 under all conditions.
Electroanatomical Voltage and Morphology Characteristics in Postinfarction Patients Undergoing Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation
Authors: Tsiachris Dimitris , Silberbauer John , Maccabelli Giuseppe , Oloriz Teresa , Baratto Francesca , Mizuno Hiroya , Bisceglia Caterina , Vergara Pasquale , Marzi Alessandra , Sora Nicoleta , Guarracini Fabrizio , Radinovic Andrea , Cireddu Manuela , Sala Simone , Gulletta Simone , Paglino Gabriele , Mazzone Patrizio , Trevisi Nicola , Della Bella Paolo 
Published: May 2015

Background—
Catheter ablation is an important therapeutic option in postmyocardial infarction patients with ventricular tachycardia (VT). We analyzed the endo–epicardial electroanatomical mapping (EAM) voltage and morphology characteristics, their association with clinical data and their prognostic value in a large cohort of postmyocardial infarction patients.

Methods and Results—

We performed total and segmental analysis of voltage (bipolar dense scar [DS] and low voltage areas, unipolar low voltage and penumbra areas) and morphology characteristics (presence of abnormal late potentials [LPs] and early potentials [EPs]) in 100 postmyocardial infarction patients undergoing electroanatomical mapping–based VT ablation (26 endo–epicardial procedures) from 2010–2012. All patients had unipolar low voltage areas, whereas 18% had no identifiable endocardial bipolar DS areas. Endocardial bipolar DS area >22.5 cm
2
best predicted scar transmurality. Endo–epicardial LPs were recorded in 2/3 patients, more frequently in nonseptal myocardial segments and were abolished in 51%. Endocardial bipolar DS area >7 cm
2
and endocardial bipolar scar density >0.35 predicted epicardial LPs. Isolated LPs are located mainly epicardially and EPs endocardially. As a primary strategy, LPs and VT-mapping ablation occurred in 48%, only VT-mapping ablation in 27%, only LPs ablation in 17%, and EPs ablation in 6%. Endocardial LP abolition was associated with reduced VT recurrence and increased unipolar penumbra area predicted cardiac death.

Conclusions—
Endocardial scar extension and density predict scar transmurality and endo–epicardial presence of LPs, although DS is not always identified in postmyocardial infarction patients. LPs, most frequently located in nonseptal myocardial segments, were abolished in 51% resulting in improved outcome.
Left Ventricular T-Cell Recruitment Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Heart Failure
Authors: Nevers Tania , Salvador Ane M. , Grodecki-Pena Anna , Knapp Andrew , Velázquez Francisco , Aronovitz Mark , Kapur Navin K. , Karas Richard H. , Blanton Robert M. , Alcaide Pilar 
Published: May 2015

Background—
Despite the emerging association between heart failure (HF) and inflammation, the role of T cells, major players in chronic inflammation, has only recently begun to be explored. Whether T-cell recruitment to the left ventricle (LV) participates in the development of HF requires further investigation to identify novel mechanisms that may serve for the design of alternative therapeutic interventions.

Methods and Results—

Real-time videomicroscopy of T cells from nonischemic HF patients or from mice with HF induced by transverse aortic constriction revealed enhanced adhesion to activated vascular endothelial cells under flow conditions in vitro compared with T cells from healthy subjects or sham mice. T cells in the mediastinal lymph nodes and the intramyocardial endothelium were both activated in response to transverse aortic constriction and the kinetics of LV T-cell infiltration was directly associated with the development of systolic dysfunction. In response to transverse aortic constriction, T cell–deficient mice (T-cell receptor, TCRα
−/−
) had preserved LV systolic and diastolic function, reduced LV fibrosis, hypertrophy and inflammation, and improved survival compared with wild-type mice. Furthermore, T-cell depletion in wild-type mice after transverse aortic constriction prevented HF.

Conclusions—
T cells are major contributors to nonischemic HF. Their activation combined with the activation of the LV endothelium results in LV T-cell infiltration negatively contributing to HF progression through mechanisms involving cytokine release and induction of cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy. Reduction of T-cell infiltration is thus identified as a novel translational target in HF.
Thrombogenicity and Early Vascular Healing Response in Metallic Biodegradable Polymer-Based and Fully Bioabsorbable Drug-Eluting Stents
Authors: Koppara Tobias , Cheng Qi , Yahagi Kazuyuki , Mori Hiroyoshi , Sanchez Oscar David , Feygin Julia , Wittchow Eric , Kolodgie Frank D. , Virmani Renu , Joner Michael 
Published: May 2015

Background—
Acute thrombogenicity and re-endothelialization represent clinically relevant end points pertaining to the safety of coronary stents, which have not been compared among biodegradable polymer-based drug-eluting metallic stents and fully bioabsorbable scaffolds to date.

Methods and Results—
We investigated comparative outcomes with respect to acute thrombogenicity and re-endothelialization among thin-strut biodegradable polymer metallic everolimus eluting stents (EES), thick-strut fully bioabsorbable EES, thick-strut biodegradable polymer metallic biolimus-eluting stents and control bare metal stents. An ex-vivo porcine arterio-venous shunt model was used to assess platelet aggregation, whereas a healthy rabbit model of iliofemoral stent implantation was used to assess re-endothelialization and inflammation. Confocal microscopy was used to detect fluorescently labeled antibody staining directed against CD61/CD42b for the identification of aggregated thrombocytes, CD14/PM-1, and RAM-11 for identification of neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages. Endothelial recovery was assessed by scanning electron microscopy, whereas CD31/PECAM-1 was used to confirm endothelial maturity. EES demonstrated significantly less acute thrombogenicity compared with bioabsorbable EES and biolimus-eluting stents. EES showed greater re-endothelialization at 28 days and reduced inflammatory cell adhesion of monocytes/macrophages at 14 days compared with bioabsorbable EES. Only bare metal stents showed complete re-endothelialization at 28 days.

Conclusions—
These outcomes indicate differential trends in thrombogenicity and vascular healing among contemporary stents used in clinical practice and suggest a need for long-term adjunct antithrombotic pharmacotherapy for bioabsorbable EES.
Fructosamine and Glycated Albumin and the Risk of Cardiovascular Outcomes and Death
Authors: Selvin Elizabeth , Rawlings Andreea M. , Lutsey Pamela L. , Maruthur Nisa , Pankow James S. , Steffes Michael , Coresh Josef 
Published: May 2015

Background—
Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is the standard measure to monitor glucose control in diabetes mellitus and is a marker of future cardiovascular risk. Fructosamine and glycated albumin are markers of short-term glycemic control, but their associations with cardiovascular outcomes are uncharacterized.

Methods and Results—
We measured glycated albumin and fructosamine in 11 104 participants with and without diabetes in the community-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study in 1990 to 1992 (baseline). We evaluated associations of fructosamine and glycated albumin with risk of coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, heart failure, and mortality. We compared associations with those observed for HbA1c. During two decades of follow-up there were 1096 new cases of coronary heart disease, 605 of ischemic stroke, 1432 of heart failure, and 2860 deaths. Elevated baseline concentrations of fructosamine and glycated albumin were significantly associated with each of the outcomes even after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, with especially strong associations in persons with diabetes mellitus. Associations were of similar magnitude to those observed for HbA1c and—as has been previously observed for HbA1c—the associations tended to be J-shaped, with an elevation of risk at the lowest levels of each biomarker.

Conclusions—
The acceptance of new measures of hyperglycemia is partly dependent on establishing their association with long-term outcomes. We found that fructosamine and glycated albumin were associated with vascular outcomes and mortality and that these associations were similar to those observed for HbA1c.
Different Imaging Strategies in Patients With Possible Basilar Artery Occlusion
Authors: Beyer Sebastian E. , Hunink Myriam G. , Schöberl Florian , von Baumgarten Louisa , Petersen Steffen E. , Dichgans Martin , Janssen Hendrik , Ertl-Wagner Birgit , Reiser Maximilian F. , Sommer Wieland H. 
Published: May 2015

Background and Purpose—
This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of different noninvasive imaging strategies in patients with possible basilar artery occlusion.

Methods—
A Markov decision analytic model was used to evaluate long-term outcomes resulting from strategies using computed tomographic angiography (CTA), magnetic resonance imaging, nonenhanced CT, or duplex ultrasound with intravenous (IV) thrombolysis being administered after positive findings. The analysis was performed from the societal perspective based on US recommendations. Input parameters were derived from the literature. Costs were obtained from United States costing sources and published literature. Outcomes were lifetime costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), incremental cost-effectiveness ratios, and net monetary benefits, with a willingness-to-pay threshold of $80 000 per QALY. The strategy with the highest net monetary benefit was considered the most cost-effective. Extensive deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to explore the effect of varying parameter values.

Results—
In the reference case analysis, CTA dominated all other imaging strategies. CTA yielded 0.02 QALYs more than magnetic resonance imaging and 0.04 QALYs more than duplex ultrasound followed by CTA. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of $80 000 per QALY, CTA yielded the highest net monetary benefits. The probability that CTA is cost-effective was 96% at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $80 000/QALY. Sensitivity analyses showed that duplex ultrasound was cost-effective only for a prior probability of ≤0.02 and that these results were only minimally influenced by duplex ultrasound sensitivity and specificity. Nonenhanced CT and magnetic resonance imaging never became the most cost-effective strategy.

Conclusions—
Our results suggest that CTA in patients with possible basilar artery occlusion is cost-effective.