bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rebirth and resurrection
Authors: Clark Heather 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter describes how Sylvia Plath met Ted Hughes, while providing an overview of her written works throughout their relationship. It explains how Plath and Hughes married in secret since Plath was worried she would lose her Fulbright Fellowship money if college officials learned she was married. Moreover, the couple were determined to write a new kind of poetry, in a bolder voice, that would stand apart from what they read in the pages of the British journals. Plath accepted a teaching position at Smith College in 1957 while Hughes taught at the University of Massachusetts before moving back to England a couple of years later. The chapter notes the cracks in Plath and Hughes’s marriage after she suffered a miscarriage and an appendectomy.
“The blood jet is poetry”—Devon, London, and Ariel
Authors: Clark Heather 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores Sylvia Plath’s works while staying in Devon, where the space and solitude benefited her work. It details the writing of Three Women, describing how Plath was determined to use her experience of childbirth and motherhood in her work. Plath was beginning to tear away the veil of propriety to reveal those parts of women’s experience that were left unspoken, or silenced. However, Plath’s illness and Ted Hughes’s absence affected her emotional volatility and creative inspiration, resulting in her best-known poems of Ariel. In 1963, Plath moved to London with her children and worked on the publication of The Bell Jar. The chapter details Plath’s death by self-inflicted carbon monoxide poisoning, her poems that she felt were written on the edge of madness, and her burial in West Yorkshire.
Étienne Parent, the Demise of the Mixed Constitution, and the Rise of Liberalism of Government in French Canada
Authors: Bédard-Rubin Jean-Christophe 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Between the adoption of the Act of Union in 1840 and the British North America Act in 1867, French-Canadian elites had to reconceptualize the nature and virtues of the British constitutional system. Étienne Parent, an early defender of the ‘mixed constitution’ and one of the most influential thinkers among French-Canadian reformists, turned to the civil service to give the new constitutional regime a stable foundation. His theory of the ‘sovereignty of intelligence’ borrowed French liberal ideas to build a distinct model of constitutionalism out of British constitutional institutions. Parent’s thought also exemplifies how the idea that the constitution is the principal integrative force of the polity continued to shape French-Canadian constitutional imaginary in the mid-nineteenth century. Recovering this dynamic and historical approach to constitutionalism sheds light on this distinct constitutional model, obscured by the later influence of AV Dicey and his retrospective interpretation of nineteenth-century constitutionalism. Putting the emphasis on the administration, Parent’s theory of the ‘sovereignty of intelligence’ offered a form of government liberalism which differed from the liberalism associated with parliamentary sovereignty, and republicanism and popular sovereignty. In many respects, Parent participated directly in the consolidation of the constitutional model he defended, and his thought allows us to recapture the synergy and generative tension between the cabinet and the civil service that endures in the contemporary constitutional practices of Westminster parliamentary systems.
Associations between thyroid function, thyroid diseases, and primary aldosteronism
Authors: Maiturouzi Mayire , Zhu Qing , Zhang Delian , Luo Qin , Wang Menghui , Cai Xintian , Heizhati Mulalibieke , Cai Li , Wu Ting , Liu Shasha , Dang Yujie , Aimudula Adilakezi , Hong Jing , Li Nanfang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
Previous studies focusing on primary aldosteronism (PA) and thyroid diseases were controversial. Hence, this study aimed to examine associations between thyroid function, thyroid diseases, and PA and its subtypes.

Design and Methods
This was a cross-sectional study, which enrolled 1023 patients with PA and 6138 patients with essential hypertension (EH) admitted to Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from August 2011 to June 2022. All patients with PA were accurately classified into aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA) by adrenal vein sampling (AVS). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship of thyroid function, thyroid nodules, and PA and its subtypes.

Results
A total of 7161 patients (327 APA and 696 IHA, and 6138 EH) were included with a mean age of 48.20 ± 8.83 years. PA patients and PA subtypes showed lower FT4, FT3, TT4, TT3, and prevalence of positive TPOAb, meanwhile higher prevalence of thyroid nodules than EH patients (PA: 56.10%, IHA: 56.90%, APA: 54.80%, and EH: 48.90%, respectively). PA (adjusted OR: 1.290, 95% CI: 1.035-1.607, P = .02) and its subtype (IHA) (adjusted OR: 1.316, 95% CI: 1.005-1.724, P = .04) were significantly associated with thyroid nodules. Compared to patients with lower plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) levels (&lt;12 ng/dL), patients with PAC levels ≥ 12 ng/dL presented a higher prevalence of thyroid nodules.

Conclusions
PA patients had lower thyroid function and higher prevalence of thyroid nodules compared to EH patients. Therefore, the screening of thyroid function and thyroid nodules may be indispensable for PA patients.
Primary unilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia with concomitant glucocorticoid and androgen excess and KDM1A inactivation
Authors: Elhassan Yasir S , Appenzeller Silke , Landwehr Laura-Sophie , Lippert Juliane , Popat Dillon , Gilligan Lorna C , Abdi Lida , Goh Edwina , Diaz-Cano Salvador , Kircher Stefan , Gramlich Susanne , Sutcliffe Robert P , Thangaratinam Shakila , Chan Li F , Fassnacht Martin , Arlt Wiebke , Ronchi Cristina L 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PBMAH) is a rare cause of Cushing's syndrome. Individuals with PBMAH and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)-dependent Cushing's syndrome due to ectopic expression of the GIP receptor (GIPR) typically harbor inactivating KDM1A sequence variants. Primary unilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PUMAH) with concomitant glucocorticoid and androgen excess has never been encountered or studied.

Methods
We investigated a woman with a large, heterogeneous adrenal mass and severe adrenocorticotropic hormone-independent glucocorticoid and androgen excess, a biochemical presentation typically suggestive of adrenocortical carcinoma. The patient presented during pregnancy (22nd week of gestation) and reported an 18-month history of oligomenorrhea, hirsutism, and weight gain. We undertook an exploratory study with detailed histopathological and genetic analysis of the resected adrenal mass and leukocyte DNA collected from the patient and her parents.

Results
Histopathology revealed benign macronodular adrenal hyperplasia. Imaging showed a persistently normal contralateral adrenal gland. Whole-exome sequencing of 4 representative nodules detected KDM1A germline variants, benign NM_001009999.3:c.136G &gt; A:p.G46S, and likely pathogenic NM_001009999.3:exon6:c.865_866del:p.R289Dfs*7. Copy number variation analysis demonstrated an additional somatic loss of the KDM1A wild-type allele on chromosome 1p36.12 in all nodules. RNA sequencing of a representative nodule showed low/absent KDM1A expression and increased GIPR expression compared with 52 unilateral sporadic adenomas and 4 normal adrenal glands. Luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor expression was normal. Sanger sequencing confirmed heterozygous KDM1A variants in both parents (father: p.R289Dfs*7 and mother: p.G46S) who showed no clinical features suggestive of glucocorticoid or androgen excess.

Conclusions
We investigated the first PUMAH associated with severe Cushing's syndrome and concomitant androgen excess, suggesting pathogenic mechanisms involving KDM1A.
Conventional steroids vs. dual-release hydrocortisone on metabolic, cardiovascular, and bone outcomes in adrenal insufficiency: a 10-year study
Authors: Guarnotta Valentina , Di Stefano Claudia , Tomasello Laura , Maniscalco Laura , Pizzolanti Giuseppe , Arnaldi Giorgio , Giordano Carla 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is characterized by increased mortality compared to general population, mainly due to cardiovascular disease. Conventional glucocorticoid (GC) replacement therapy has a role in determining the increased mortality risk. Primary outcome of the current study was to evaluate the impact of 10 years of conventional GCs and DR-HC on body weight changes in treatment-naive patients with AI. Secondary outcomes were changes from baseline to 5 and 10 years in anthropometric and metabolic profile, insulin sensitivity, cardiovascular, and bone parameters.

Design and methods
We prospectively randomized 42 patients to conventional GCs (cortisone acetate or hydrocortisone) and 44 to DR-HC (1:1). Anthropometric, metabolic, cardiovascular, and bone parameters were evaluated at baseline and after 5 and 10 years of follow-up. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06260462.

Results
At 10 years of follow-up, patients with conventional GCs had significantly higher values of BMI (P = .031), waist circumference (P = .047), systolic blood pressure (P = .039), total and LDL cholesterol (P = .041 and P = .042), HbA1c (P = .040), HOMA-IR (P = .006), AUC2h of glucose (P &lt; .001), thickness of the interventricular septum in diastole and of the posterior wall (both P &lt; .001) and significantly lower values of oral disposition index (P = .001) and ISI-Matsuda (P &lt; .001), lumbar spine T score (P = .036), and femoral neck Z score (P = .026), compared to patients treated with DR-HC.

Conclusions
In patients with treatment-naive AI, 10 years of conventional GC treatment is associated with a worsening of metabolic, insulin-sensitivity, cardiac, and bone outcomes, while DR-HC had no impact on them achieving a lower risk of developing comorbidities.
Can my writing be polished further? When ChatGPT meets human touch
Authors: Lee Yoo-Jean 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Recent attention on ChatGPT, a prominent AI language model, highlights its potential in assisting EFL writing. Although ChatGPT’s capabilities involve grammar correction, vocabulary enrichment and sentence structuring, its full potential alongside human scaffolding in EFL writing classrooms remains unexplored. This study aims to fill this gap by adopting the cognitive process model of writing as a theoretical framework. Four groups of 19 EFL learners were engaged in think-aloud sessions and interviews. The collaborative writing process with ChatGPT progressed through iterative stages of planning, translating, and reviewing, incorporating various embedded subprocesses. Guidance from the teacher and collaborative work among peers facilitated the effective use of ChatGPT for writing refinement by creating an environment of emotional reassurance and enhancing metacognitive awareness among the learners. The findings emphasise the importance of collaborative work, orchestrated by the teacher and peers in using ChatGPT in the EFL writing class.
Psychological interventions for depression and anxiety in patients with coronary heart disease, heart failure or atrial fibrillation: Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ski Chantal F , Taylor Rod S , McGuigan Karen , Long Linda , Lambert Jeffrey D , Richards Suzanne H , Thompson David R 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aims
Depression and anxiety occur frequently in individuals with cardiovascular disease and are associated with poor prognosis. This Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the effectiveness of psychological interventions on psychological and clinical outcomes in adults with coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure (HF) or atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods and results
CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases were searched from January 2009 to July 2022 for randomized controlled trials of psychological interventions vs. controls in adults with CHD, HF, or AF. Twenty-one studies (n = 2591) were assessed using random-effects models. We found psychological interventions reduced depression [standardized mean difference (SMD) −0.36; 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.65 to −0.06; P = 0.02], anxiety (SMD −0.57; 95% CI −0.96 to −0.18; P = 0.004), and improved mental health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (SMD 0.63, 95% CI 0.01 to 1.26; P = 0.05) (follow-up 6–12 months), but not physical health-related quality of life, all-cause mortality or major adverse cardiovascular events compared with controls. High heterogeneity was present across meta-analyses. Meta-regression analysis showed that psychological interventions designed to target anxiety, were more effective than non-targeted interventions.

Conclusion
This review found that psychological interventions improved depression, anxiety and mental HRQoL, with those targeting anxiety to show most benefit. Given the statistical heterogeneity, the precise magnitude of effects remains uncertain. Increasing use of multifactorial psychological interventions shows promise for incorporating patient needs and preferences. Investigation of those at high risk of poor outcomes, comparison of intervention components and those with AF is warranted.
Modifiable risk factors and self-reported health after percutaneous coronary intervention: with and without a history of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kjølseth Anniken Juvik , Norekvål Tone Merete , Brørs Gunhild , Hendriks Jeroen M , Risom Signe Stelling , Rotevatn Svein , Wentzel-Larsen Tore , Pettersen Trond Røed 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aims
Atrial fibrillation (AF) and coronary artery disease have several common risk factors, and 10–15% of patients with AF undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Little is known about changes over time in modifiable risk factors and self-reported health in patients with and without a history of AF after PCI. Therefore, the aims were to determine and compare changes in modifiable risk factors and self-reported health in patients with and without a history of AF after PCI.

Methods and results
CONCARDPCI, a prospective multi-centre cohort study including patients after PCI, was conducted at seven high-volume PCI centres in Norway and Denmark (n = 3417). Of these, 408 had a history of AF. Data collection was conducted at the index admission and at 2-, 6-, and 12 months after discharge. Self-reported health was assessed with RAND-12 and the myocardial infarction dimensional assessment scale. Patients with a history of AF reported poorer health at baseline. However, the physical (P = 0.012) and mental (P &lt; 0.001) health improved over time in both groups. The patients with a history of AF reported more emotional reactions (P = 0.029) and insecurities (P = 0.015). The proportion of smokers increased from 2- to 12 months in patients with a history of AF (P = 0.041), however, decreased in patients without AF from baseline to 6 months (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
An intensified focus on lifestyle interventions is needed to improve modifiable risk factors and self-reported health in patients with and without a history of AF after PCI.
Genetic Signatures of Positive Selection in Human Populations Adapted to High Altitude in Papua New Guinea
Authors: González-Buenfil Ram , Vieyra-Sánchez Sofía , Quinto-Cortés Consuelo D , Oppenheimer Stephen J , Pomat William , Laman Moses , Cervantes-Hernández Mayté C , Barberena-Jonas Carmina , Auckland Kathryn , Allen Angela , Allen Stephen , Phipps Maude E , Huerta-Sanchez Emilia , Ioannidis Alexander G , Mentzer Alexander J , Moreno-Estrada Andrés 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Papua New Guinea (PNG) hosts distinct environments mainly represented by the ecoregions of the Highlands and Lowlands that display increased altitude and a predominance of pathogens, respectively. Since its initial peopling approximately 50,000 years ago, inhabitants of these ecoregions might have differentially adapted to the environmental pressures exerted by each of them. However, the genetic basis of adaptation in populations from these areas remains understudied. Here, we investigated signals of positive selection in 62 highlanders and 43 lowlanders across 14 locations in the main island of PNG using whole-genome genotype data from the Oceanian Genome Variation Project (OGVP) and searched for signals of positive selection through population differentiation and haplotype-based selection scans. Additionally, we performed archaic ancestry estimation to detect selection signals in highlanders within introgressed regions of the genome. Among highland populations we identified candidate genes representing known biomarkers for mountain sickness (SAA4, SAA1, PRDX1, LDHA) as well as candidate genes of the Notch signaling pathway (PSEN1, NUMB, RBPJ, MAML3), a novel proposed pathway for high altitude adaptation in multiple organisms. We also identified candidate genes involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, and angiogenesis, processes inducible by hypoxia, as well as in components of the eye lens and the immune response. In contrast, candidate genes in the lowlands are mainly related to the immune response (HLA-DQB1, HLA-DQA2, TAAR6, TAAR9, TAAR8, RNASE4, RNASE6, ANG). Moreover, we find two candidate regions to be also enriched with archaic introgressed segments, suggesting that archaic admixture has played a role in the local adaptation of PNG populations.
Intelligent control and optimization of uninterrupted power serving de-icing technology for 110 kV power lines
Authors: Guo Ziqiang , Zhang Tianyi , Jia Laiqiang , Liu Ru , Duan Weiquan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In order to ensure the secure and reliable operation of the power system, extensive research has been conducted both domestically and internationally on the anti-icing and de-icing techniques for transmission lines. To achieve uninterrupted de-icing, this paper employs the technique of split conductor loop current for de-icing transmission lines. Moreover, by integrating the expert system with fuzzy logic theory based on the online monitoring system for ice covering on transmission lines, an intelligent control system for de-icing devices on ice-covered transmission lines has been established. In accordance with the requirements of the fuzzy expert system, the fuzzy membership functions of input variables, fuzzy rules, and various states of fuzzy output have been determined. The 110 kV LGJ-240 line was selected as the pilot line, and parameters such as ice covering thickness, conductor temperature, and de-icing time were monitored. Through online de-icing experiments, this study achieved automated control of de-icing devices and monitored the de-icing process. Utilizing a fuzzy expert system to assess online monitoring data effectively evaluated the condition of ice-covered transmission lines. The proposed ice melting model demonstrated an average relative error of 5.2% compared to measured results, validating the credibility of the assessment and offering guidance for the operation and maintenance of transmission lines.
The Worker Protection (Amendment of Equality Act) Act 2023: Implications for Protection Against Sexual Harassment
Authors: Busby Nicole 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
From October 2024 when the Worker Protection (Amendment of Equality Act 2010) Act 2023 comes into force, employers will be required to comply with a new duty to take reasonable steps to prevent sexual harassment of their employees. Under the Act, an employment tribunal will have the power to increase compensation by up to 25% if it finds that an employer has breached this duty. The Act started out as a private members bill and, in its original form, the bill contained a provision to extend protection against workplace harassment perpetuated by a third party such as a customer, client or visitor. However, following a difficult passage through Parliament, this provision was removed, and other proposed protections watered down. The reasons for this are explored in the following analysis which reveals the prioritisation of freedom of speech concerns over an improved legal regime for protecting workers against sexual harassment. The paper concludes by considering the Act’s likely impact and what further protections are needed in this area.
Nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora recruited rhizosphere microorganisms to cooperate in controlling root-knot nematodes in tomato
Authors: Shen Weixin , Yang Xinyue , Liu Yanzhuo , Wang Yongzhong , Lu Hengqian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aims
The objective of this study was to elucidate the role and mechanism of changes in the rhizosphere microbiome following Arthrobotrys oligospora treatment in the biological control of root-knot nematodes and identify the key fungal and bacterial species that collaborate with A. oligospora to biocontrol root-knot nematodes.

Methods and results
We conducted a pot experiment to investigate the impact of A. oligospora treatment on the biocontrol efficiency of A. oligospora against Meloidogyne incognita infecting tomatoes. We analyzed the rhizosphere bacteria and fungi communities of tomato by high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene fragment and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS). The results indicated that the application of A. oligospora resulted in a 53.6% reduction in the disease index of M. incognita infecting tomato plants. The bacterial diversity of rhizosphere soil declined in the A. oligospora-treated group, while fungal diversity increased. The A. oligospora treatment enriched the tomato rhizosphere with Acidobacteriota, Firmicutes, Bradyrhizobium, Sphingomonadales, Glomeromycota, and Purpureocillium. These organisms are involved in the utilization of rhizosphere organic matter, nitrogen, and glycerolipids, or play the role of ectomycorrhiza or directly kill nematodes. The networks of bacterial and fungal co-occurrence exhibited a greater degree of stability and complexity in the A. oligospora treatment group.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated the key fungal and bacterial species that collaborate with the A. oligospora in controlling the root-knot nematode and elaborated the potential mechanisms involved. The findings offer valuable insights and inspiration for the advancement of bionematicide based on nematode-trapping fungi.
Copyright and Competition
Authors: Tang Guan H 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter analyses how copyright law serves a pro-competitive role not in a particular work as such but in the market for ideas. On the one hand, the law grants a right holder a specific form of exclusivity to the copyrighted work, and an expression of idea so such work can be enjoyed in the larger market by the many. The copyright owner's work, together with inspired works created by others, would form and stimulate competition in the market for the underlying idea. On the other hand, in order to reinforce such competition, copyright law exemplifies certain infringing acts from liability by applying the merger or fair use doctrines in contexts, in which the copyright owner's exercise of exclusive rights might impede competition in a related market.