bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coherence time limit of the biphotons generated in a dense cold atomcloud
Authors: Han Zhiguang , Qian Peng , Zhou L. , Chen J. F. , Zhang Weiping 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBiphotons with narrow bandwidth and long coherence time can enhance light-atominteraction, which leads to strong coupling between photonic and atomic qubits.Such strong coupling is desirable in quantum information processing, quantumstorage and communication. In particular, paired photons with a long coherencetime over submicroseconds facilitate the direct manipulation of biphoton wavefunction.In this paper, we report the narrow-band biphotons with a coherence time of2.34 μs generated from spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM)in a dense cold atom cloud, in which the anti-Stokes photons go through anarrow electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) window. In our knowledge,this is the best record of coherence time for paired photons achieved so far.A number of factors limiting the coherence time are analyzed in detail. Wefind the EIT coherence plays an essential role in determining the coherencetime for paired photons. The EIT dephasing rate is the ultimate limit to thecoherence time and an ultra-long coherence time above ten microseconds ispossible by further improvement of the dephasing rate below 100 kHz.
Mitochondrial superoxide in osteocytes perturbs canalicular networks in the setting of age-related osteoporosis
Authors: Kobayashi Keiji , Nojiri Hidetoshi , Saita Yoshitomo , Morikawa Daichi , Ozawa Yusuke , Watanabe Kenji , Koike Masato , Asou Yoshinori , Shirasawa Takuji , Yokote Koutaro , Kaneko Kazuo , Shimizu Takahiko 
Published: March 2015

AbstractOsteocytes are major bone cells that play a crucial role in maintaining the quality of and healing damage to bone tissue. The number of living osteocytes and canalicular networks declines in an age-dependent manner. However, the pathological effects of mitochondrial redox imbalances on osteocytes and bone metabolism have not been fully elucidated. We generated mice lacking mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 (Sod2) in osteocytes. Like an aged bone,Sod2depletion in the osteocytes positively enhanced the production of cellular superoxidein vivo. A bone morphological analysis demonstrated that theSod2-deficient femurs showed remarkable bone loss in an age-dependent manner. Interestingly,Sod2loss induced markedly disorganized osteocytic canalicular networks and decreased the number of live osteocytes. Furthermore,Sod2deficiency significantly suppressed bone formation and increased bone resorption concomitant with the upregulation of sclerostin and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL).In vitroexperiments also revealed that treatment with paraquat, a superoxide inducer in mitochondria, promoted the RANKL expression via, in part, ERK phosphorylation. These findings demonstrate that the mitochondrial superoxide induced in osteocytes bySod2ablation causes age-related bone loss due to the impairment of canalicular networks and bone metabolism via the deregulation of the sclerostin and RANKL expression.
Sex differences in skeletal muscle Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) levels: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Samaan M. Constantine , Anand Sonia S. , Sharma Arya M. , Samjoo Imtiaz A. , Tarnopolsky Mark A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWomen have higher adiposity but maintain insulin sensitivity when compared to men. Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) inhibits insulin signaling, but it is not known if PTEN regulate insulin resistance in a sex-specific manner. In this cross-sectional study, muscle biopsies from participants in the Molecular Study of Health and Risk in Ethnic Groups (Mol-SHARE) were used to test for sex differences in PTEN expression. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to determine PTEN gene expression (n = 53) and western blotting detected total and phosphorylated PTEN protein (n = 36). Study participants were comparable in age and body mass index. Women had higher fat mass percentage compared to men (40.25 ± 9.9% in women versus 27.6 ± 8.8% in men; mean difference −0.18, 95%CI (−0.24, −0.11), p-value <0.0001), with similar HOMA-IR (2.46 ± 2.05 in men versus 2.34 ± 3.06 in women; mean difference 0.04; 95% CI (−0.12, 0.21), p-value 0.59). Women had significant downregulation of PTEN gene expression (p-value 0.01) and upregulation of PTEN protein phosphorylation (inactivation) (p-value 0.001) when compared to men after correction for age, ethnicity, HOMA-IR, fat mass and sex. We conclude that the downregulation of muscle PTEN may explain the retention of insulin sensitivity with higher adiposity in women compared to men.
Structural conservation among the rhodopsin-like and other G protein-coupled receptors
Authors: Kinoshita Mikitaka , Okada Tetsuji 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIntramolecular remote coupling within the polypeptide backbones of membrane proteins is difficult to analyze owing to the limited structural information available at the atomic level. Nonetheless, recent progress in the crystallographic study of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) has provided an unprecedented opportunity for understanding the sophisticated architecture of heptahelical transmembrane (7TM) bundles. These 7TM bundles can respond to a wide range of extracellular stimuli while retaining the common function of binding trimeric G proteins. Here we have systematically analyzed select sets of inactive-like 7TM bundles to highlight the structural conservation of the receptors, in terms of intramolecular Cα-Cα distances. Distances with the highest scores were found to be dominated by the intrahelical distances of helix III, regardless of the choice of bundles in the set, indicating that the intracellular half of this helix is highly conserved. Unexpectedly, the distances between the cytoplasmic side of helix I and the extracellular region of helix VI provided the largest contribution to the high score populations among the interhelical pairs in most of the selected sets, including class B, C and frizzled receptors. These findings are expected to be valuable in further studies of GPCRs with unknown structure and of other protein families.
Topological analysis of the Escherichia coli WcaJ protein reveals a new conserved configuration for the polyisoprenyl-phosphate hexose-1-phosphate transferase family
Authors: Furlong Sarah E. , Ford Amy , Albarnez-Rodriguez Lorena , Valvano Miguel A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWcaJ is an Escherichia coli membrane enzyme catalysing the biosynthesis of undecaprenyl-diphosphate-glucose, the first step in the assembly of colanic acid exopolysaccharide. WcaJ belongs to a large family of polyisoprenyl-phosphate hexose-1-phosphate transferases (PHPTs) sharing a similar predicted topology consisting of an N-terminal domain containing four transmembrane helices (TMHs), a large central periplasmic loop and a C-terminal domain containing the fifth TMH (TMH-V) and a cytosolic tail. However, the topology of PHPTs has not been experimentally validated. Here, we investigated the topology of WcaJ using a combination of LacZ/PhoA reporter fusions and sulfhydryl labelling by PEGylation of novel cysteine residues introduced into a cysteine-less WcaJ. The results showed that the large central loop and the C-terminal tail both reside in the cytoplasm and are separated by TMH-V, which does not fully span the membrane, likely forming a "hairpin" structure. Modelling of TMH-V revealed that a highly conserved proline might contribute to a helix-break-helix structure in all PHPT members. Bioinformatic analyses show that all of these features are conserved in PHPT homologues from Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Our data demonstrate a novel topological configuration for PHPTs, which is proposed as a signature for all members of this enzyme family.
New Insights into the Diverse Electronic Phases of a Novel Vanadium Dioxide Polymorph: A Terahertz Spectroscopy Study
Authors: Lourembam James , Srivastava Amar , La-o-vorakiat Chan , Rotella H. , Venkatesan T. , Chia Elbert E. M. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA remarkable feature of vanadium dioxide is that it can be synthesized in a number of polymorphs. The conductivity mechanism in the metastable layered polymorph VO2(B) thin films has been investigated by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). In VO2(B), a critical temperature of 240 K marks the appearance of a non-zero Drude term in the observed complex conductivity, indicating the evolution from a pure insulating state towards a metallic state. In contrast, the THz conductivity of the well-known VO2(M1) is well fitted only by a modification of the Drude model to include backscattering. We also identified two different THz conductivity regimes separated by temperature in these two polymorphs. The electronic phase diagram is constructed, revealing that the width and onset of the metal-insulator transition in the B phase develop differently from the M1 phase.
A magnetic anti-cancer compound for magnet-guided delivery and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Eguchi Haruki , Umemura Masanari , Kurotani Reiko , Fukumura Hidenobu , Sato Itaru , Kim Jeong-Hwan , Hoshino Yujiro , Lee Jin , Amemiya Naoyuki , Sato Motohiko , Hirata Kunio , Singh David J. , Masuda Takatsugu , Yamamoto Masahiro , Urano Tsutomu , Yoshida Keiichiro , Tanigaki Katsumi , Yamamoto Masaki , Sato Mamoru , Inoue Seiichi , Aoki Ichio , Ishikawa Yoshihiro 
Published: March 2015

AbstractResearch on controlled drug delivery for cancer chemotherapy has focused mainly on ways to deliver existing anti-cancer drug compounds to specified targets, e.g., by conjugating them with magnetic particles or encapsulating them in micelles. Here, we show that an iron-salen, i.e., μ-oxoN,N'- bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine iron (Fe(Salen)), but not other metal salen derivatives, intrinsically exhibits both magnetic character and anti-cancer activity. X-Ray crystallographic analysis and first principles calculations based on the measured structure support this. It promoted apoptosis of various cancer cell lines, likely, via production of reactive oxygen species. In mouse leg tumor and tail melanoma models, Fe(Salen) delivery with magnet caused a robust decrease in tumor size and the accumulation of Fe(Salen) was visualized by magnetic resonance imaging. Fe(Salen) is an anti-cancer compound with magnetic property, which is suitable for drug delivery and imaging. We believe such magnetic anti-cancer drugs have the potential to greatly advance cancer chemotherapy for new theranostics and drug-delivery strategies.
Imbalanced functional link between executive control network and reward network explain the online-game seeking behaviors in Internet gaming disorder
Authors: Dong Guangheng , Lin Xiao , Hu Yanbo , Xie Chunming , Du Xiaoxia 
Published: March 2015

AbstractLiteratures have shown that Internet gaming disorder (IGD) subjects show impaired executive control and enhanced reward sensitivities than healthy controls. However, how these two networks jointly affect the valuation process and drive IGD subjects' online-game-seeking behaviors remains unknown. Thirty-five IGD and 36 healthy controls underwent a resting-states scan in the MRI scanner. Functional connectivity (FC) was examined within control and reward network seeds regions, respectively. Nucleus accumbens (NAcc) was selected as the node to find the interactions between these two networks. IGD subjects show decreased FC in the executive control network and increased FC in the reward network when comparing with the healthy controls. When examining the correlations between the NAcc and the executive control/reward networks, the link between the NAcc - executive control network is negatively related with the link between NAcc - reward network. The changes (decrease/increase) in IGD subjects' brain synchrony in control/reward networks suggest the inefficient/overly processing within neural circuitry underlying these processes. The inverse proportion between control network and reward network in IGD suggest that impairments in executive control lead to inefficient inhibition of enhanced cravings to excessive online game playing. This might shed light on the mechanistic understanding of IGD.
A Nomogram for Predicting the Benefit of Adjuvant Cytokine-Induced Killer Cell Immunotherapy in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Pan Qiu-Zhong , Wang Qi-Jing , Dan Jia-Qiang , Pan Ke , Li Yong-Qiang , Zhang Yao-Jun , Zhao Jing-Jing , Weng De-Sheng , Tang Yan , Huang Li-Xi , He Jia , Chen Shi-Ping , Ke Miao-La , Chen Min-Shan , Wicha Max S. , Chang Alfred E. , Zeng Yi-Xin , Li Qiao , Xia Jian-Chuan 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe benefits of adjuvant cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain mixed among patients. Here, we constructed a prognostic nomogram to enable individualized predictions of survival benefit of adjuvant CIK cell treatment for HCC patients. Survival analysis showed that the median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) for patients in the hepatectomy/CIK combination group were 41 and 16 months, respectively, compared to 28 and 12 months for patients in the hepatectomy alone group (control). Based on multivariate analysis of the entire cohort, independent factors for OS were tumor size, tumor capsule, pathological grades, total bilirubin, albumin, prothrombin time, alpha-fetoprotein and tumor number, which were incorporated into the nomogram. The survival prediction model performed well, as assessed by the c-index and calibration curve. Internal validation revealed a c-index of 0.698, which was significantly greater than the c-index value of the TNM (tumor–node–metastasis) staging systems of 0.634. The calibration curves fitted well. In conclusions, our developed nomogram resulted in more accurate individualized predictions of the survival benefit from adjuvant CIK cell treatment after hepatectomy. The model may provide valuable information to aid in the decision making regarding the application of adjuvant CIK cell immunotherapy.
A platform for rapid generation of single and multiplexed reporters in human iPSC lines
Authors: Pei Ying , Sierra Guadalupe , Sivapatham Renuka , Swistowski Andrzej , Rao Mahendra S. , Zeng Xianmin 
Published: March 2015

AbstractInduced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) are important tools for drug discovery assays and toxicology screens. In this manuscript, we design high efficiency TALEN and ZFN to target two safe harbor sites on chromosome 13 and 19 in a widely available and well-characterized integration-free iPSC line. We show that these sites can be targeted in multiple iPSC lines to generate reporter systems while retaining pluripotent characteristics. We extend this concept to making lineage reporters using a C-terminal targeting strategy to endogenous genes that express in a lineage-specific fashion. Furthermore, we demonstrate that we can develop a master cell line strategy and then use a Cre-recombinase induced cassette exchange strategy to rapidly exchange reporter cassettes to develop new reporter lines in the same isogenic background at high efficiency. Equally important we show that this recombination strategy allows targeting at progenitor cell stages, further increasing the utility of the platform system. The results in concert provide a novel platform for rapidly developing custom single or dual reporter systems for screening assays.
One-pot synthesis of hierarchical FeZSM-5 zeolites from natural aluminosilicates for selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3
Authors: Yue Yuanyuan , Liu Haiyan , Yuan Pei , Yu Chengzhong , Bao Xiaojun 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIron-modified ZSM-5 zeolites (FeZSM-5s) have been considered to be a promising catalyst system to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions, one of the most important global environmental issues, but their synthesis faces enormous economic and environmental challenges. Herein we report a cheap and green strategy to fabricate hierarchical FeZSM-5 zeolites from natural aluminosilicate minerals via a nanoscale depolymerization-reorganization method. Our strategy is featured by neither using any aluminum-, silicon-, or iron-containing inorganic chemical nor involving any mesoscale template and any post-synthetic modification. Compared with the conventional FeZSM-5 synthesized from inorganic chemicals with the similar Fe content, the resulting hierarchical FeZSM-5 with highly-dispersed iron species showed superior catalytic activity in the selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3.
Inferring Cuisine - Drug Interactions Using the Linked Data Approach
Authors: Jovanovik Milos , Bogojeska Aleksandra , Trajanov Dimitar , Kocarev Ljupco 
Published: March 2015

AbstractFood - drug interactions are well studied, however much less is known about cuisine - drug interactions. Non-native cuisines are becoming increasingly more popular as they are available in (almost) all regions in the world. Here we address the problem of how known negative food - drug interactions are spread in different cuisines. We show that different drug categories have different distribution of the negative effects in different parts of the world. The effects certain ingredients have on different drug categories and in different cuisines are also analyzed. This analysis is aimed towards stressing out the importance of cuisine - drug interactions for patients which are being administered drugs with known negative food interactions. A patient being under a treatment with one such drug should be advised not only about the possible negative food - drug interactions, but also about the cuisines that could be avoided from the patient's diet.
Upregulation of BMSCs Osteogenesis by Positively-Charged Tertiary Amines on Polymeric Implants via Charge/iNOS Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhang Wei , Liu Na , Shi Haigang , Liu Jun , Shi Lianxin , Zhang Bo , Wang Huaiyu , Ji Junhui , Chu Paul K. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPositively-charged surfaces on implants have a similar potential to upregulate osteogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) as electromagnetic therapy approved for bone regeneration. Generally, their osteogenesis functions are generally considered to stem from the charge-induced adhesion of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins without exploring the underlying surface charge/cell signaling molecule pathways. Herein, a positively-charged surface with controllable tertiary amines is produced on a polymer implant by plasma surface modification. In addition to inhibiting the TNF-α expression, the positively-charged surface with tertiary amines exhibits excellent cytocompatibility as well as remarkably upregulated osteogenesis-related gene/protein expressions and calcification of the contacted BMSCs. Stimulated by the charged surface, these BMSCs display high iNOS expressions among the three NOS isoforms. Meanwhile, downregulation of the iNOS by L-Can or siRNA inhibit osteogenic differentiation in the BMSCs. These findings suggest that a positively-charged surface with tertiary amines induces osteogenesis of BMSCsviathe surface charge/iNOS signaling pathway in addition to elevated ECM protein adhesion. Therefore, creating a positively-charged surface with tertiary amines is a promising approach to promote osseointegration with bone tissues.
Cyanobacterially generated peloids in laminated, organic‐matter rich, limestones: an unobtrusive presence
Authors: Tribovillard Nicolas‐Pierre 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTThe late‐Kimmeridgian Southern Jura (France) is a carbonate platform where laminated limestones accumulated locally (notably at Orbagnoux). The two types of laminations encountered result either from particle settling in a very quiet environment or from bacterial mat growth. In the latter case, as revealed by acid etching, the dark‐coloured laminae result from filamentous cyanobacteria developments, whereas the light‐coloured laminae appear, surprisingly, to comprise packed peloids. These peloids are interpreted as originating from the in vivo or shortly post mortem calcification of sheaths of coccoid cyanobacteria in an environment loaded by temporary excess alkalinity (and possible H2S emissions). Thus, a simple etching treatment reveals the unsuspected, albeit prominent, role of cyanobacteria in the genesis of the limestones from Orbagnoux. As such facies are widespread in Late Jurassic records, the role of cyanobacteria in their formation deserves re‐evaluation.
Toward a mineral physics reference model for the Moon’s core
Authors: Antonangeli Daniele , Morard Guillaume , Schmerr Nicholas C. , Komabayashi Tetsuya , Krisch Michael , Fiquet Guillaume , Fei Yingwei 
Published: March 2015

Significance
Iron is the main constituent of terrestrial planetary cores, taking on a hexagonal closed packed structure under the conditions of Earth’s inner core, and a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure at the more moderate pressures of smaller bodies, such as the Moon, Mercury, or Mars. Here we present sound velocity and density measurements of fcc iron at pressures and temperatures characteristic of small planetary interiors. The results indicate that the seismic velocities currently proposed for the Moon’s inner core are well below those of fcc iron or plausible iron alloys. Our dataset provides strong constraints to seismic models of the lunar core and cores of small telluric planets, and allows us to build a direct compositional and velocity model of the Moon’s core.
Genetic and biochemical investigations of the role of MamP in redox control of iron biomineralization inMagnetospirillum magneticum
Authors: Jones Stephanie R. , Wilson Tiffany D. , Brown Margaret E. , Rahn-Lee Lilah , Yu Yi , Fredriksen Laura L. , Ozyamak Ertan , Komeili Arash , Chang Michelle C. Y. 
Published: March 2015

SignificanceBiomineralization is an important and widespread phenomenon by which living systems produce solid materials from soluble metal ions and has key implications with regard to environmental and health processes. In this work, we report studies of redox and structural components that control mineralization events in the production of iron nanoparticles in directional-sensing bacteria.
Field experiment evidence of substantive, attributional, and behavioral persuasion by members of Congress in online town halls
Authors: Minozzi William , Neblo Michael A. , Esterling Kevin M. , Lazer David M. J. 
Published: March 2015

Significance
Persuasion is at the core of leadership, especially in a democracy, yet there is remarkably little evidence that direct appeals from leaders causally affect the attitudes and behaviors of their followers. The available evidence is either observational and indirect or based on laboratory experiments that simulate selected features of interactions with leaders. We fill this void with two randomized controlled field experiments in which 12 US representatives and a senator each met with samples of their constituents in online town halls. We find evidence of substantial persuasion effects on specific policy issues, attributions of trust and approval, and ultimately the decision to vote for the leader.
Submarine groundwater discharge as a major source of nutrients to the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Rodellas Valentí , Garcia-Orellana Jordi , Masqué Pere , Feldman Mor , Weinstein Yishai 
Published: March 2015

Significance
The Mediterranean Sea (MS) is one of the most oligotrophic seas in the world, and external inputs of nutrients are especially relevant to sustaining primary productivity in this basin. Here we evaluate the role of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) as a source of nutrients to the entire MS, a pathway that has been largely overlooked. This study demonstrates that SGD is a volumetrically important process in the MS, is of a larger magnitude than riverine discharge, and also represents a major source of dissolved inorganic nitrogen, phosphorous, and silica to the MS.