bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adding mixed probiotic to a low‐crude‐protein diet: Effects on production efficiency, nutrient retention, faecal gas discharge, faecal score and meat quality of finishing pigs
Authors: Biswas Sarbani , Kim Min Hee , Kang Dae‐Kyung , Baek Dong Heon , Kim In Ho 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study examined the impact of mixed probiotic inclusion in a reduced crude protein (CP) diet on production performance, nutrient retention, gas emissions, faecal score and meat quality of finishing pigs. In total, 150 pigs (body weight [BW] of 49.9 ± 2.80 kg and 6‐week trial) were arbitrarily distributed to one of three dietary treatments (10 replications per treatment, five pigs including three gilts and two barrows per replication). The dietary treatments were Positive Control/standard diet, 17.5% CP (PC); Negative Control/reduced (2.5%) CP diet, 15% CP (NC); and NC + 0.1% probiotic mix (NCP). Pigs fed the NCP diet exhibited tendency to increase BW gain at Week 6, increased the average daily gain (ADG) of pigs during Weeks 3–6 and showed tendency to increase ADG during the overall period than the NC diet. The CP digestibility decreased at Week 6 and presented a tendency to decrease at Week 3 in pigs fed the NC diet compared with the PC diet. However, CP digestibility increased with the NCP diet at Weeks 3 and 6 compared with the NC diet. A tendency in the reduction of H2S emissions from pig's faeces at Weeks 3 and 6 was observed by the NCP diet compared with NC and PC diets. Pigs fed the NC diet showed a lower faecal score than the PC diet at Week 6. The NC diet resulted in lower cooking loss and drip loss to the PC diet. Moreover, longissimus muscle area showed tendency to increase, cooking loss exhibited tendency to decrease and drip loss decreased in the meat samples of pigs receiving the NCP diet compared with the NC diet alone. The NCP diet exhibited great promise in maintaining performance by enhancing the growth performance, digestibility, mitigating gas emissions and improving the quality of meat in finishing pigs.
Effects of vineyard inter‐row management on soil physical properties and organic carbon in Central European vineyards
Authors: Liebhard Gunther , Winter Silvia , Zaller Johann G. , Bauer Thomas , Fantappiè Maria , Strauss Peter 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe intensity and frequency of inter‐row management in vineyards are highly diverse and depend on local environmental conditions and the wine grower's attitude and experience. Reasons for different management include water conservation, weed and pest control, biological activity promotion and soil fertility and biodiversity preservation. We studied different soil cover management in 16 paired vineyards located at eight sites in the Leithaberg and Carnuntum regions of eastern Austria. To this end, we compared inter‐rows with medium intensity (Periodically Mechanically Disturbed) and low intensity (Permanent Green Cover). We investigated the effects of these different management intensities on soil organic carbon, bulk density, saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, pore size distribution and percolation stability in the upper soil layer from 3 to 8 cm. Soil organic carbon and percolation stability were significantly higher and soil bulk density was significantly lower in vineyards with permanent green cover. No significant differences were observed for saturated hydraulic conductivity, pore size distribution and plant available water. This may be attributed to a minor effect as a result of the time lag of up to 2 years since the last tillage. Regression analysis to predict plant‐available water for local vineyard soils also showed that texture, total organic carbon and bulk density were suitable predictor variables. These results suggest that both investigated inter‐row management systems support a good soil structure for winegrowers. Organic carbon content and parameters interacting with organic carbon may still be improved with permanent vegetation cover systems; however, the positive effects on plant available water are limited.
The effect of an acute bout of exercise on circulating vitamin D metabolite concentrations: a randomised crossover study in healthy adults
Authors: Davies Sophie E. , Perkin Oliver J. , Betts James A. , Gonzalez Javier T. , Hewison Martin , Jenkinson Carl , Jones Kerry S. , Meadows Sarah R. , Parkington Damon A. , Koulman Albert , Thompson Dylan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe effect of acute exercise on circulating concentrations of vitamin D metabolites is unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we examined the effect of a bout of treadmill‐based exercise versus rest on circulating concentrations of 25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2, 3‐epi‐25(OH)D3, 24,25(OH)2D3, 1,25(OH)2D3, and vitamin D2 and D3 in healthy men and women. Thirty‐three healthy adults (14 females, 41 (15) years, body mass index 26.2 (3.7) kg/m2, 36.2 (9.2) ml/kg/min; mean (SD)) completed two laboratory visits involving 60 min of moderate‐intensity treadmill exercise (60% ) versus 60 min of seated rest, both in an overnight fasted‐state, as part of a randomised crossover design. Venous blood samples were drawn at baseline, immediately (0 h), 1 h and 24 h after the exercise or rest‐period. There was a significant time × trial interaction effect for total circulating 25(OH)D (P = 0.0148), 25(OH)D3 (P = 0.0127) and 1,25(OH)2D3 (P = 0.0226). Immediately post‐exercise, 25(OH)D, 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations were significantly elevated compared to the control resting condition, and 1,25(OH) 2D3 remained significantly elevated 1 h later. Circulating albumin, vitamin D binding protein, calcium and parathyroid hormone were elevated immediately post‐exercise. Thus, an acute bout of moderate intensity exercise transiently increases concentrations of circulating 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D3 compared to resting conditions.
imageKey points
Observational studies suggest that acute exercise might change circulating concentrations of vitamin D metabolites, but this has not been investigated using randomised crossover studies and using robust analytical procedures.
In this study, we used a randomised crossover design to examine the effect of a bout of treadmill‐based exercise (vs. rest) on circulating concentrations of a wide range of vitamin D metabolites in healthy humans.
We show that an acute bout of moderate intensity exercise transiently increases concentrations of circulating 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D3 compared to resting conditions.
These findings indicate that regular exercise could lead to transient but regular windows of enhanced vitamin D biological action.
3D Orbital Architecture of Exoplanetary Systems: KAM-Stability Analysis
Authors: Caracciolo Chiara , Locatelli Ugo , Sansottera Marco , Volpi Mara 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe study the KAM-stability of several single star two-planet
nonresonant extrasolar systems. It is likely that the observed
exoplanets are the most massive of the system considered. Therefore,
their robust stability is a crucial and necessary condition for the
long-term survival of the system when considering potential
additional exoplanets yet to be seen. Our study is based on the
construction of a combination of lower-dimensional elliptic and KAM
tori, so as to better approximate the dynamics in the framework of
accurate secular models. For each extrasolar system, we explore the
parameter space of both inclinations: the one with respect to the
line of sight and the mutual inclination between the planets. Our
approach shows that remarkable inclinations, resulting in
three-dimensional architectures that are far from being coplanar,
can be compatible with the KAM stability of the system. We find
that the highest values of the mutual inclinations are comparable to
those of the few systems for which the said inclinations are determined
by the observations.
Emergency department attendances and inpatient admissions due to mpox infection, England, 2022
Authors: Taylor Hannah , Humphreys Clare , Verlander Neville Q , Bhattacharya Alex , Vivancos Roberto , Paranthaman Karthik 
Published: August 2024

Objectives
In 2022, a global outbreak of mpox was reported. In the UK, it predominantly affected gay, bisexual and men who have sex with men (GBMSM). The study objectives were to describe the impact of the mpox outbreak on healthcare service usage in England in 2022, particularly emergency department (ED) attendance, inpatient admission and a number of bed days. Additionally, we wanted to explore whether pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) usage, as a marker of condomless anal intercourse, which increases the risk of sexually transmitted infections associated with compromised skin integrity, was associated with higher ED attendance or hospital attendance.

Methods
Data on adult males with laboratory-confirmed mpox were linked with hospital records and described. Using routinely collected data and self-reported exposure data (including PrEP usage) from surveillance questionnaires, multinomial regression was used to estimate adjusted relative risk ratios (aRRRs) with 95% CIs for ED attendance and hospital admission compared with those not admitted.

Results
Among 3542 adult males with mpox during May to December 2022, 544 (15.4%) attended ED and 202 (5.7%) were admitted to the hospital. London had the most cases (2393, 68.7%), ED attendances (391, 71.9%) and hospital admissions (121, 59.9%). In multinomial regression, we found strong evidence that compared with people living with HIV, the aRRR for hospital admissions was higher in those not using PrEP (6.9 (95% CI 2.3 to 20.6) vs 4.9 (95% CI 1.7 to 14.1)). The aRRR for ED attendance was 0.63 (95% CI 0.36 to 1.1) for those not using PrEP versus 0.49 (95% CI 0.31 to 0.79).

Conclusions
This outbreak had a considerable impact on health services, particularly in high-incidence areas. Commissioners of sexual and healthcare services should review plans for healthcare provision for similar sexually transmitted infection or novel outbreaks among GBMSM or naïve populations in the future. Further studies are needed to confirm and identify reasons for the higher likelihood of hospital admission seen for GBMSM without HIV infection.
Designing observables for measurements with deep learning
Authors: Long Owen , Nachman Benjamin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMany analyses in particle and nuclear physics use simulations to infer fundamental, effective, or phenomenological parameters of the underlying physics models. When the inference is performed with unfolded cross sections, the observables are designed using physics intuition and heuristics. We propose to design targeted observables with machine learning. Unfolded, differential cross sections in a neural network output contain the most information about parameters of interest and can be well-measured by construction. The networks are trained using a custom loss function that rewards outputs that are sensitive to the parameter(s) of interest while simultaneously penalizing outputs that are different between particle-level and detector-level (to minimize detector distortions). We demonstrate this idea in simulation using two physics models for inclusive measurements in deep inelastic scattering. We find that the new approach is more sensitive than classical observables at distinguishing the two models and also has a reduced unfolding uncertainty due to the reduced detector distortions.
Modelling the accelerating universe with f(Q) gravity: observational consistency
Authors: Narawade S. A. , Shekh S. H. , Mishra B. , Khyllep Wompherdeiki , Dutta Jibitesh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we present a cosmological model within the framework of symmetric teleparallel gravity, focusing on f(Q) gravity, where Q represents the non-metricity scalar. Utilizing cosmological datasets, we derive an accelerating cosmological model by constraining its free parameters. To achieve this, we determine the parametric form of the Hubble parameter using a well-motivated f(Q) function. Remarkably, all obtained values fall within the range suggested by cosmological observations. By employing the best-fit parameters, we calculate the present geometrical parameters and demonstrate the accelerating behaviour of the Universe. Furthermore, we thoroughly examine the evolutionary behaviours of the Universe, noting that our model converges to the $$\Lambda $$
Λ
CDM model at late times. Finally, we investigate the energy conditions and find a violation of the strong energy condition, which could provide a valuable understanding of the nature of dark energy.
A Study of Citations: Bibliometric Analysis of the 100 Top-cited Publications on Panic Disorder
Authors: Bhatia Gayatri , Kabra Vrinda , Chandi Anureet Kaur , Mathur Rahul 
Published: August 2024

Background: The number of times a publication is cited in scientific research papers is often considered to estimate its contribution to biomedical literature. Although extensive research has been conducted on panic disorder over time, attempts at a citation analysis have yet to be made to the best of our knowledge. Aim: The aim of this study was to understand the trends of research on panic disorder from the top 100 most-cited publications worldwide. Materials and Methods: A citation analysis of the top 100 panic disorder publications was conducted, using Harzing’s Publish or Perish to identify articles from Google Scholar. The study analyzed citation patterns, authorship, publication types, and themes. Exclusions comprised non-scientific materials. No ethics approval was needed as it involved published data, not human subjects. Results: Publications with more than 500 citations were 11, and those with more than 400 citations, known as citation classics, were 27. Fifty-nine publications were funded, of which 14 (23.8%) were clinical trials and 24 (40.7%) were observational studies. The maximum number of articles was published between 1990 and 1999 ( n = 45), followed by 2000 and 2009 ( n = 26). The h-index of the first author showed a significant positive correlation with the number of citations of the paper (Spearman’s ρ = 0.480, P = 0.02). Among research papers, the maximum were observational studies ( n = 44), followed by 19 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and eight non-randomized clinical trials. Additionally, among RCTs ( n = 19), 17 were focused on the management theme. Conclusion: This bibliometric analysis is an invaluable resource for scholars and students who might be interested in learning about the developments and patterns in the field of panic disorder research.
Exploring the Perceptions of Indian Mental Health Professionals Regarding Areca (Betel) Nut Products: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mohandoss Anusa Arunachalam , Ameen Shahul , Thavarajah Rooban 
Published: August 2024

Background: Areca nut (AN) and AN products (ANPs) are commonly used as psychoactive substances with marked dependence potential. Scant information exists on the Indian mental health professionals’ (MHPs) knowledge of AN-ANPs, attitude toward AN-ANP use/users, and behavior regarding their clients’ AN-ANP use. To address this gap, a survey was undertaken to assess MHPs’ knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral responses toward AN-ANP use and addiction. Methods: We developed a pretested, customized questionnaire and conducted a cross-sectional online survey among a random sample of MHPs. Results: The 209 respondents included 91 psychiatrists, 105 clinical psychologists, and 13 other MHPs from diverse settings. Among them, 46.89% believed that AN-ANP use does not fit the definition of abuse/addiction as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition or International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD-10)/ICD-11. Among the psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, and other MHPs, 60.4%, 48.6%, and 61.5% were unaware of any AN-ANP cessation protocols. The addictive potential of AN-ANP with tobacco was rated as severe by 68.1% of psychiatrists and 51.4% of clinical psychologists; 46.2% of other MHPs rated it as moderate. The addictive potential of AN-ANP without tobacco was rated as moderate by 50.5% of clinical psychologists and mild by 46.2% of psychiatrists. Of the sample, 67.46% discussed the harmful effects of AN-ANPs with clients, while 74.6% said a few or none of their clients sought help for AN-ANP cessation. Conclusion: Major lacunae were detected in the understanding of Indian MHPs about the addictive potential of AN-ANPs, management aspects, etc. An urgent need has been revealed for sensitization programs on AN-ANPs and the development of evidence-based cessation protocols.
Outcome of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support among children with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection: A single-center experience
Authors: Luangrath Mitchell A , Chegondi Madhuradhar , Badheka Aditya 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in children continues to increase nationally, including patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. Survival of pediatric patients with MRSA sepsis has not improved over the last 20 years. We sought to review our institutional experience and outcomes of ECMO support among children with MRSA infection. Methods: Children aged 0–19 years who received ECMO support from October 2014 to June 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. Patients with laboratory confirmed MRSA infections were identified. Results: Out of 88 unique pediatric patients requiring ECMO support, eight patients had documented MRSA infections. The duration of mechanical ventilation prior to ECMO initiation was an average of seven days (range 0.7 to 21.8 days). The median ECMO duration was 648.1 h (range 15.5 to 1580.5 h). Five patients were successfully decannulated; however, only two patients survived to discharge. The two surviving patients were both cannulated via VV-ECMO. Mechanical ventilation prior to ECMO was 4.5 and 21.8 days in these cases with run durations of 18.9 and 29.9 days, respectively. Conclusions: Our institutional survival of patients with MRSA on ECMO is lower than what has been reported in recent database studies, but notably, 62.5% were successfully decannulated. While both surviving patients were supported with VV-ECMO, there was no other clear trend in factors that contributed to survival. MRSA continues to be a source of significant morbidity and mortality among pediatric patients. On-going investigation of outcomes and factors contributing to survival in patients with MRSA infection on ECMO is warranted.
Patient and Operative Risk Factors for Osteoarthritis After Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Cohort Study of 41,976 Patients
Authors: Prentice Heather A. , Chan Priscilla H. , Paxton Elizabeth W. , Felson David T. , Funahashi Tadashi T. , Maletis Gregory B. 
Published: August 2024

Background: The reported incidence of posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis (PTOA) after primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) varies considerably. Further, there are gaps in identifying which patients are at risk for PTOA after ACLR and whether there are modifiable factors. Purpose: To (1) determine the incidence of PTOA in a primary ACLR cohort and (2) identify patient and perioperative factors associated with the development of PTOA after primary ACLR. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Data from the Kaiser Permanente ACLR Registry were used to conduct a cohort study. Patients who had undergone primary ACLR without a previous diagnosis of osteoarthritis were identified (2009-2020). The crude incidence of PTOA was calculated using the Aalen-Johansen estimator with a multistate model. The association of patient and operative factors with the development of PTOA after primary ACLR was modeled as a time to event using multistate Cox proportional hazards regression. Models stratified by age (<22 and ≥22 years) were also conducted because of the effect modification of age. Results: The study sample included 41,976 cases of primary ACLR. The incidence of PTOA was 1.7%, 5.1%, and 13.6% at 2, 5, and 10 year follow-ups, respectively. Risk factors for PTOA that were consistently identified in the overall cohort and age-stratified groups included a body mass index ≥30 versus <30 and an allograft or quadriceps tendon autograft versus a hamstring tendon autograft. Patients presenting with knee pain after ACLR were further identified when considering postoperative factors. Other risk factors for PTOA in the overall cohort included age ≥22 versus <22 years, bone–patellar tendon–bone autograft versus hamstring tendon autograft, hypertension, cartilage injury, meniscal injury, revision after primary ACLR with concomitant meniscal/cartilage surgery, multiligament injury, other activity at the time of injury compared with sport, and tibial tunnel drilling technique rather than the anteromedial portal. Conclusion: Knee pain after ACLR may be an early sign of PTOA. Surgeons should consider the adverse associations of a higher body mass index and an allograft or quadriceps tendon autograft with the development of PTOA, as these were factors identified with a higher risk, regardless of a patient’s age at the time of primary ACLR.
Sex-Specific Outcomes After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using an All–Soft Tissue Quadriceps Tendon Autograft in a Young Active Population
Authors: Petit Camryn B. , Slone Harris S. , Diekfuss Jed A. , Barber Foss Kim D. , Warren Shayla M. , Montalvo Alicia M. , Lamplot Joseph D. , Myer Gregory D. , Xerogeanes John W. 
Published: August 2024

Background: The ideal graft for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) in young athletes has a high return-to-sport (RTS) rate and a low reinjury rate. Quadriceps tendon autografts are being used with increasing frequency for ACLR in this population, despite a paucity of evidence to support their use. Purpose: To report the RTS rate, ipsilateral reinjury rate, and contralateral ACL injury rate in a young athletic population undergoing primary ACLR using an all–soft tissue quadriceps tendon (ASTQT) autograft. Study Design: Cases series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Patients aged 14 to 22 years who underwent primary ACLR using an ASTQT autograft by a single surgeon between January 1, 2005, and April 30, 2020, were identified via electronic medical records and contacted ≥24 months after ACLR to complete a survey regarding subsequent ipsilateral or contralateral ACL injuries and RTS. Patients who had undergone previous ACLR (ipsilateral or contralateral) were excluded. Results: A total of 656 patients (330 male, 326 female; mean age, 17.9 years) were identified, and 395 patients completed the survey (60.2%; 174 male, 221 female; mean age, 17.8 years) with a mean follow-up of 73 ± 29 months (range, 24-139 months). The RTS rate was high (male: 87.7%; female: 82.8%; P = .19). Male and female patients had similar rates of revision ACLR (male: 12.6%; female: 10.0%; P = .40) and contralateral ACL injuries (male: 13.8%; female: 11.3%; P = .46). Conclusion: A high RTS rate and similar rates of ipsilateral and contralateral ACL injuries were found for male and female patients in a young athletic population undergoing primary ACLR using an ASTQT autograft. These results help one to better understand the utility of ASTQT grafts to support successful ACLR in young athletic populations, for which ASTQT grafts appear to yield favorable outcomes.