bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formulasi Dan Evaluasi Sediaan Salep Luka Bakar Basis Hidrokarbon Ekstrak Etanol Daun Katang-Katang (Ipomoea Pescaprae L.) Asal Desa Seith Tahun 2023
Authors: Nur’in Aihena  , Aulia Debby Pelu  , Sahril Sillehu  
Published: July 2024

Background: Ointment is a semisolid preparation used as a topical medicine, which has direct access to the skin tissues. Katang-katang is one of the medicinal plants traditionally used to treat various types of wounds. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the secondary metabolite content of katang-katang leaves (Ipomoea pescaprae L.), create and evaluate a good and stable ointment formulation pharmaceutically, and test the irritation of the ointment for burn wounds using ethanol extract of katang-katang leaves (Ipomoea pescaprae L.). Method: The method used is experimental research, the ointment formulation is made using three formulations with different concentrations of active ingredients, with a ratio of FI 20%, FII 25%, and FIII 30%. Result: The results of the study indicate that katang-katang leaves contain flavonoids, tannins, and steroids. The study determined the formulation of a burn ointment from ethanol extract of katang-katang leaves (Ipomoea pescaprae L.). The organoleptic test results of FI, FII, and FIII showed good and stable color, odor, and shape, as well as homogeneity after one week of storage. The pH values measured were 7 for all formulations even after one week of storage. The spreading power of FI was (5.52 cm), FII was (5.88 cm), and FIII was (7.23 cm), which met the standards for good formulation. The irritation tests for all three formulas were categorized as safe. Conclusion: Based on the identification test results, the katang-katang leaves were found to contain flavonoids, tannins, and steroids. The evaluation test results for the three formulations using a hydrocarbon base showed that a good and stable burn ointment could be made from the ethanol extract of katang-katang leaves (Ipomoea pescaprae L.) without causing skin irritation.
Peran Tasawuf Dalam Meningkatkan Ketahanan Psikologis Pengusaha Muda
Authors: Nabila Nurrizki Awalia Effendi  , Dicky Tri Prayoga  
Published: July 2024

This research aims to examine the application of Sufism principles in a business context and its influence on mental resilience and business success. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach with purposive sampling techniques and snowball sampling with subjects aged between 21-30 years who are entrepreneurs. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with several entrepreneurs who apply Sufism in their business activities. The research results show that the principles of Sufism such as patience, trust, sincerity and gratitude have a significant role in helping entrepreneurs overcome business pressures and challenges. Entrepreneurs who apply Sufism principles are proven to have lower stress levels, higher motivation, and a better ability to make wise decisions. Apart from that, the application of Sufism also has a positive impact on the balance between material and spiritual aspects, creating more holistic and meaningful business success. This research makes an important contribution to understanding how the integration of spiritual values in business practices can improve entrepreneurs' mental well-being and drive sustainable success.
Sustainable environmental governance as the implementation of state defense policy
Authors: Muslikhatin Lilik , Supriyadi Asep Adang 
Published: July 2024

Background: Land waters in urban areas often become a source of problems if they are not managed wisely and firmly. The threat and risk of danger, disease and even death always haunt the people who live on the banks of the river. Poverty and slum areas are negative effects of less than optimal land water management in urban areas. The Indonesian government has taken various steps to address this, but the lack of urban land for settlement is the reason why immigrants from other regions reside and reside in dangerous areas such as riverbanks. The compulsion to live minimally in urban areas is a burden for local governments in their efforts to increase welfare as well as improve sustainable urban governance. Many other cities in developed countries have made efforts to improve inland water areas to alleviate poverty and at the same time beautify the urban landscape. The experts agreed to hold discussions to formulate the best policy steps for sustainable urban governance in Indonesia. Methods: In the process of data analysis and decision making related to sustainable environmental governance as implementation of national defense policy, this article utilizes the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Data Processing Method. Finding: The results of in-depth discussions and interviews with experts in the field of environment, urban governance, economic experts and poverty management experts from various institutions such as the Ministry of Social Affairs, PUPR Ministry, Spatial Planning and City Planning Services, Academics and also the Military were processed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Conclusion: The best decision alternative will be a recommendation for policy makers regarding sustainable urban governance. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study is relevant to the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method to formulate sustainable urban water management policies in Indonesia, involving various experts and related institutions to overcome poverty and improve urban landscapes. Therefore, this study can show policy recommendations based on various aspects and views.
Interpersonal Communication of Broken Home Students in Undergoing Lectures at Hasanuddin University
Authors: Desfita Fipin , Fatimah Jeanny Maria , Farid Muhammad 
Published: July 2024

Good communication is one of the most important factors that can avoid problems, misunderstandings, and conflicts with others. The purpose of this study is to find out the interpersonal communication of broken home students in facing lectures. The descriptive research method uses self disclousure theory and SOR theory. The technique of collecting data on in-depth interviews and observations with parties experiencing broken homes at Hasanuddin University, by interviewing key informants from broken home students from divorce and psychology lecturers at Hasanuddin University as reinforcement. The results of this study show that the interpersonal communication of divorced broken home students does not go well for their children by not paying attention to each other and communication is not smooth. And the impact of a broken home child has a bad impact and there are also positive ones, in contrast to a broken home family which is negative interpersonal communication does not go well so that the impact caused becomes a bad impact that causes the child to behave deviantly. The suggestion from this study is that in any condition and no matter how busy they are, parents should still set aside their time for their children either by communicating and interacting directly or by using telephone media.
Simulation of Massive MIMO Antennas for Improved Link Throughput
Authors: Durodola Omotayo May , Onu Kingsley Okechukwu , Dung Joshua Fom , Auta Richard M. , Rita-Rose E. B. 
Published: July 2024

Massive MIMO technology involves deploying multiple antennas on both ends of a communication link, which boosts spatial diversity and signal-to-noise ratio. By using multi-user MIMO transmission and techniques like spatial multiplexing and beamforming, it increases capacity, spectral efficiency, and data rates. Simulations conducted with tools like Octave software help engineers to optimize designs, predict system behavior, and assess the impact of antenna quantity on downlink throughput. This study addresses the increasing demand for high downlink data rates within modern communication networks. It explores the performance of Massive MIMO systems through simulations using Octave software, focusing on the quantity of antenna elements (M), and considering both spectral efficiency (SE) and data throughput. Results show higher M enhances both spectral efficiency and data rates. Efficiency dips at M=10, surges at M=40, and slowly, but steadily grows from M=50 to 100. Similar trends in data rates indicate M's impact on transmission performance. SE values range from 5.8442 bps/Hz (M = 10) to 24.1608 bps/Hz (M = 100), while data rates range from 116.8834 Mbps (M = 10) to 483.2158 Mbps (M = 100). These insights offer practical guidance for engineers and could facilitate the optimization of wireless communication setups and addressing the imperative for improved data rates. The study advances the understanding of Massive MIMO's potential, providing a roadmap for effectively leveraging its capabilities across diverse communication network scenarios.
Indications and Outcomes of Inferior Vena Cava Filter Insertion in a Tertiary Hospital in Metro Manila, Philippines: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yap-Uy Ma. Krizia Camille , Uy Lester , Diaz-Garcia Ramayana 
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION: Inferior vena cava (IVC) filters entrap emboli from the periphery going to the pulmonary circulation, preventing pulmonary embolism (PE). Studies show that many IVC filter insertions are done for weak or non–guideline-directed indications. This study examined the indications for IVC filter insertion in a tertiary care hospital in Metro Manila, adherence to society guidelines, and clinical outcomes after filter insertion.

METHODS: This study is a retrospective cohort involving patients who received an IVC filter from January 2015 to February 2021. The main outcome was the indication for IVC filter. Other outcomes were strength of recommendation for filter placement and postfilter clinical outcomes: all-cause death, venous thromboembolism–related mortality, PE, and filter-related complications.

RESULTS: Eighty-three patients received IVC filters from January 2015 to February 2021, and 77 were included in the analysis. Sixty-one percent had moderate to strong indications for the procedure, 49% were due to contraindication to anticoagulation. Thirty-nine percent had unclear indications: 16% concomitantly received therapeutic anticoagulation, whereas 11% had isolated distal deep vein thrombosis. Mean follow-up was 170 days. Postfilter clinical outcomes included all-cause death in 12%, venous thromboembolism–related mortality in 1%, and PE in 3%. Filter complications occurred in 4%. Retrievable IVC filters were used in 51% with attempted removal in 4%, 3% of which were successful.

CONCLUSION: The majority of patients receiving IVC filters in our center had strong to moderate indications for the procedure. The use of retrievable filters and consequent retrieval is low and should be encouraged. Venous thromboembolism–related mortality and filter complications were low, comparable to international data.

KEYWORDS: echocardiography, laboratory, reader, resources, sonographer, survey
The Filipino Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Outcomes Study (Filipino CPR 2015) Among Adult Cardiac Arrest Patients in Tertiary Hospitals in the Philippines: A Prospective Study
Authors: Adviento Jerelyn , Bugarin Orlando , Calvario Ma. Kristine Joy S , Junia Alex , Lavapie Francis , Soria Maria Luz Joanna , Encabo Regidor , Sandoval Vinhcent , Cruz Rochelle , Cruz Alvin Dela , Valdez Ivan , Cala Kathleen , Anico-Tondo Arnee , Mukaram Banisadar , Jaca Cecile , Catapang Aileen Lomarda , Salces Neil , Lesaca Ciara , Ogaco Gina , Diansuy Nina Noreen , Seguban Joseph Marc , Javier Marylis E , Acorda Nelson , Dispo Sharon , Awil Lotlot , Bautista Albert Hans , Avelino Ma. Magdalena , Lerios Jeannica Kriselle , Bagsit Nestor Lino , Reyes Don Robespierre , Rubrica Franco Onswald C , Amil Walid A , Mohammad Abdeltazer 
Published: July 2024

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) saves lives, but proper techniques must be taught and practiced. Outcomes have to be assessed to improve patient survival.

Methods: This is an observational, analytical, prospective study of CPR in adult cardiac arrest cases from selected tertiary hospitals in the Philippines. It describes the characteristics and clinical factors associated with CPR survival in the Philippines based on the American Heart Association 2010 guidelines. Validated Philippine Heart Association hospital cardiac arrest collection forms were used to gather data on the demographics, pre-arrest and CPR/code characteristics of the cases. The investigators analyzed survival outcomes from first arrest to initial return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) to hospital discharge. Epi Info 6 and STATA 11 statistical software were used for descriptive and inferential statistics, while the chi-square test was used for the association of variables (significant P-value set at <0.05). Stratified analysis and logistic regression analysis were done for confounders. Odds ratios (OR), 95% CI, and p-values were reported.

Results: Out of 156 patients, 101 (65%) survived up to ROSC and hospital discharge. The investigators found significant differences in patient survival under the following factors: CPR medications (OR=16.729; 95% CI 1.979, 141.375; P=0.0097); and post-arrest therapeutic hypothermia (OR=8.745; CI 1.826, 41.882; P=0.0067). There were some decision errors on the use of defibrillation for shockable rhythms (26%) and non-shockable rhythms (14.5%). Eighteen rhythms were not properly identified.

Conclusion: Decreased interval time from arrest to intubation and from arrest to call for code, CPR medications, and post-arrest therapeutic hypothermia were the most significant contributors to CPR survival in this study. Future training should address the errors in cardiac rhythm interpretation and defibrillator use.

Keywords: CPR, ROSC, defibrillation, hypothermia, survival
The Occurrence of Postoperative Residual Curarization among Post-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients in a Surgical Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Nuevo Marion R , Nuevo Florian R 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Intermediate-acting muscle relaxants have gained favor in fast-track cardiac anesthesia since these are associated with early extubation. However, postoperative residual curarization (PORC) still occur in the post anesthesia care unit. This study aims to determine the occurrence of PORC among post-coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients in the surgical intensive care units (SICU) of the Philippine Heart Center.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study was undertaken among 60 patients for elective CABG surgery. Within an hour from SICU arrival, Train of Four (TOF) ratio was obtained and a value of <0.7 signified the presence of PORC.

RESULTS: 57 out of 60 (95%) were found to have PORC. Patients without PORC were significantly warmer (36.4oC vs 34.8oC, p-value=0.019) upon SICU arrival compared to those with PORC. The duration of ventilatory support was significantly longer in those with PORC (510 min vs 305 mins, p-value=0.021). The rocuronium induction dose and duration of infusion did not differ between those with and without PORC while the use of reversal drug was seen to significantly prevent its occurrence (p-value=0.003).

CONCLUSION: This study showed a high incidence of PORC among post-CABG patients in the SICU with the current practice of Rocuronium infusion during surgery. The use of muscle relaxant reversal drug was seen to significantly prevent the development of PORC while higher body temperature upon SICU arrival was observed in patients that did not develop PORC. This study was also able to show that the development of PORC prolonged post-operative mechanical ventilatory support hindering the goals of fast-track cardiac surgery.
Nutrition and Frailty Status of Patients Undergoing Cardiovascular Surgery and Its Association With Postoperative Outcomes
Authors: D.Patricio Marion , Lagos Bjorn Timothy A , Tan Armand Delo A , Tortosa Christian John  M , Permejo Chito C 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is a component of frailty syndrome characterized by weakness, poor nutritional status, and reduced cognitive function. Frailty has been recognized to adversely affect post–cardiovascular surgery outcomes, with studies primarily in the elderly. To date, there are no published Philippine data on malnutrition and frailty in cardiac surgery patients.

METHODS: Malnutrition and frailty were assessed preoperatively in 111 adult patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery from October 2020 to February 2021. Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS) tool and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) were used for assessment, respectively. Their in-hospital postoperative outcomes were then observed.

RESULTS: There were 57 patients (51%) diagnosed with malnutrition, 26 (23%) of whom were also frail. Advanced age, rheumatic heart disease, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease were significantly higher in the malnutrition and frail group. After multivariate analysis, mortality rate (odds ratio [OR], 7.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.45–41.91; P = 0.017), prolonged hospitalization (OR, 5.96; 95% CI, 2.14–16.53; P = 0.001), mechanical ventilation (OR, 7.56; 95% CI, 1.81–31.62; P = 0.006), and nosocomial infections (OR, 13.57; 95% CI, 4.41–41.76; P < 0.001) were found higher in patients with malnutrition and frailty.

CONCLUSION: Evaluation of nutrition and frailty status using NRS and CFS was helpful in predicting postoperative outcomes. With a significant number of this population having malnutrition and frailty, there is a need to strengthen clinical pathways on perioperative nutrition and rehabilitation with the possibility of improving cardiovascular surgery outcomes.

KEYWORDS: malnutrition, frailty, cardiovascular surgery, postoperative outcomes
Single Coronary Ostium Branching into the Right and Left Coronary Artery and Draining into the Pulmonary Artery: A Case Report
Authors: Mojica Joerelle , Llanes Elmer Jasper , Ahererra Jaime , Morales Felimon , Lavente Jodette Joy , Balabagno Maria Margarita , Valones Ariel , Flores Karen 
Published: July 2024

This is the case of a 38-year-old female diagnosed with chronic glomerulonephritis and on chronic hemodialysis who was admitted for worsening heart failure. Physical examination revealed a continuous murmur in the left parasternal border, which decreased with inspiration. A chest radiograph revealed an enlarged main pulmonary artery. Transthoracic echocardiogram revealed a dilated right coronary ostium and a continuous Doppler signal in the main pulmonary artery (MPA), indicative of a fistula draining into the MPA. A coronary angiogram and cardiac computed tomography angiogram revealed an absent left main coronary artery and a right coronary artery (RCA) giving rise to the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and left circumflex artery (LCx). An arteriovenous fistula from the LAD draining into the MPA was also noted. She was diagnosed with anomalous origin of the LAD and LCx from the RCA with a coronary arteriovenous fistula from the LAD, LCx and RCA to the MPA, and end-stage renal failure due to glomerulonephritis. Her heart failure and renal failure were managed with optimal medical therapy and continuous hemodialysis, respectively. Surgery was offered to ligate the arteriovenous fistula. This case represents a rare combination of coronary anomalies. Despite the rarity, such defects should be suspected among patients presenting with heart failure and a continuous murmur on examination.
Correlation of Cardiac Biomarkers with Computed Tomography Severity Score in Covid-19 Patients
Authors: Rivera Ramon Miguel , Cuenza Lucky R , Razon-Cuenza Tamara J , G. Bello Jia An 
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION: A vast number of COVID-19 cases have been reported worldwide since the initial outbreak in China, and the disease has since become a global pandemic. Knowledge on this predominantly respiratory illness is evolving with studies suggesting myocardial injury reflected by elevated cardiac enzymes portending to more severe disease. CT scoring indices provide visual, semi-quantitative assessment of lung involvement and have aided in determining extent of COVID-19 pneumonia but, none have been validated for prognostication. Establishing a relationship between these non-invasive diagnostic parameters could provide timely identification and proper allocation of limited medical resources to patients in need of more aggressive therapy.

METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 50 COVID-19 patients were retrospectively enrolled and their clinical parameters collected from an electronic medical database. There was a total of 31 patients with troponin I-HS with chest CT scan done and another 42 patients for NT-proBNP and chest CT. The levels of both cardiac biomarkers in patients with clinically severe COVID pneumonia were higher than those with mild and moderate disease. Rank-order analysis showed that both troponin I-HS (moderate, p=0.0003174) and NT-proBNP (moderate, p=0.006255) correlated positively with CT severity scores. Furthermore, there is a significant relationship between mortality and septic shock with both Troponin I-HS (p<0.001; p=0.002) and NT-proBNP (p=0.004; p=0.031).

CONCLUSION: The cardiac markers troponin I-HS and NT-proBNP increased significantly at more severe CT scores and more notably, these biomarkers predicted the development of septic shock and mortality in COVID-19 pneumonia.

KEYWORDS: Cardiac Biomarkers, Chest CT, COVID-19, CT Severity, NT-proBNP, Troponin I
Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography as Predictor of Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Patients With Non–ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Unstable Angina
Authors: Lacanin Mary Rose Anne E , Tucay Edwin S , Medrano Ana Beatriz R , Ubaldo Rylan Jasper B 
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION: This study was conducted to determine the utility of two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D STE) in predicting major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in patients with non–ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS).

METHODOLOGY: This is a prospective cohort study that included 91 patients diagnosed to have NSTE-ACS. In-hospital and 6-month MACEs were evaluated in relation to their baseline echocardiographic parameters, 2D speckle strain, and strain rate analyses.

RESULTS: Among the conventional echocardiographic parameters, only left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD) and wall motion scores showed significant difference between those with and without outcomes after 6 months. Significant higher wall motion scores (24.06 vs 20.91 P = 0.0320) and LVESD (3.36 vs 2.97 cm, P = 0.0125) were noted among those who had MACE after 6 months. There were no significant differences among the 2D STE strain and strain rate between those patients with and without MACE during their hospital admission. However, after 6-month follow-up, significantly lower mean left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS) −14.22% ± 4.45% vs −16.44% ± 4.19%, P = 0.0261) and strain rate (−0.69 ± 0.36 s-1 vs −0.94 ± 0.25 s-1, P = 0.009) were observed among patients with MACE compared with those without. Incidence of reduced GLS strain and strain rate was significantly higher in those with MACE after 6 months. Left ventricular GLS sensitivity and specificity were 64.64% and 61.70%, respectively, at a cutoff value of less than −15.0% for detecting MACE within 6 months. Left ventricular GLS cutoff point less than −12.0%, which detects severe LV dysfunction in previous studies, have a sensitivity of 40% but a high specificity of 82.98% for predicting MACE after 6 months.

CONCLUSION: Both LV GLS strain and strain rate can be used to predict major adverse cardiovascular events after NSTE-ACS.

KEYWORDS: speckle tracking echocardiography, non–ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome, cardiac events