bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of electrolyte abnormalities and adverse outcomes in persons with eating disorders: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Buh Amos , Scott Mekaylah , Kiska Rohan , Fung Stephen G. , Solmi Marco , Kang Rachel , Salman Maria , Lee Kathryn , Milone Benjamin , Wafy Gamal , Syed Sarah , Dhaliwal Shan , Gibb Maya , Akbari Ayub , Brown Pierre A. , Hundemer Gregory L. , Sood Manish M. 
Published: August 2024

Background
Electrolytes (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphate) are required in specific amounts for proper functioning of the human body. Although the body has different organ systems, such as the kidneys, that regulate electrolyte levels in the blood, electrolyte abnormalities occur frequently in people with eating disorders. The objective of this review will be to examine the association between electrolyte imbalances and adverse outcomes in people with eating disorders.

Methods
A systematic review of studies on eating and electrolyte disorders shall be conducted. Electronic searches shall be done in the Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases. Selected studies shall include randomized control trials (RCTs), non-randomized controlled trials, and cross-sectional studies published in English or French. Quality appraisal of studies and a narrative synthesis of extracted data shall be conducted.

Discussion
This review will synthesize existing evidence on electrolyte abnormalities in people with eating disorders. It will identify the type of electrolyte imbalances, their impact, and outcomes in people with eating disorders. We anticipate that information that will be useful to policy makers and clinicians in designing better policies to prevent eating disorders and or manage people with eating disorders shall be elucidated in this study.

Dissemination
The final manuscript will be submitted for publication in a journal.

Review registration
This protocol has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO); registration number CRD42023477497.
Rurality and patients’ hospital experience: A multisite analysis from a US healthcare system
Authors: Fawad Iman , Fischer Karen M. , Yeganeh Hanieh Sadat Tabatabaei , Hanson Kristine T. , Wilshusen Laurie L. , Hydoub Yousif M. , Coons Trevor J. , Vista Tafi L. , Maniaci Michael J. , Habermann Elizabeth B. , Dugani Sagar B. 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe association between rurality of patients’ residence and hospital experience is incompletely described. The objective of the study was to compare hospital experience by rurality of patients’ residence.MethodsFrom a US Midwest institution’s 17 hospitals, we included 56,685 patients who returned a post-hospital Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) survey. We defined rurality using rural-urban commuting area codes (metropolitan, micropolitan, small town, rural). We evaluated the association of patient characteristics with top-box score (favorable response) for 10 HCAHPS items (six composite, two individual, two global). We obtained adjusted odds ratios (aOR [95% CI]) from logistic regression models including patient characteristics. We used key driver analysis to identify associations between HCAHPS items and global rating (combinedoverall rating of hospitalandrecommend hospital).ResultsOf all items,overall rating of hospitalhad lower odds of favorable response for patients from metropolitan (0.88 [0.81–0.94]), micropolitan (0.86 [0.79–0.94]), and small towns (0.90 [0.82–0.98]) compared with rural areas (global test,P= .003). For five items, lower odds of favorable response was observed for select areas compared with rural; for example,recommend hospitalfor patients from micropolitan (0.88 [0.81–0.97]) but not metropolitan (0.97 [0.89–1.05]) or small towns (0.93 [0.85–1.02]). For four items, rurality showed no association. In metropolitan, micropolitan, and small towns, men vs. women had higher odds of favorable response to most items, whereas in rural areas, sex-based differences were largely absent. Key driver analysis identifiedcare transition,communication about medicinesandenvironmentas drivers of global rating, independent of rurality.ConclusionsRural patients reported similar or modestly more favorable hospital experience. Determinants of favorable experience across rurality categories may inform system-wide and targeted improvement.
Seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, and syphilis co-infections and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Amhara regional state, northern Ethiopia: A hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Anteneh Degsew Ewunetie , Taye Eden Bishaw , Seyoum Asmra Tesfahun , Abuhay Alemken Eyayu , cherkose Endeshaw Admassu 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundCo-infections involving human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and syphilis pose significant public health problems during pregnancy. It can increase the risk of adverse outcomes for both the woman and the infant more than each infection alone does. However, the magnitude of these co-infections remains insufficiently documented. Hence, this study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, and syphilis co-infections and associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Amhara region referral hospitals in northern Ethiopia.MethodsA hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Amhara regional state referral hospitals from January 1 to February 30, 2024, among 606 pregnant women. Pregnant women were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. An interviewer-administered questionnaire and chart review were used to collect data. Data were analyzed in SPSSV26.0. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the magnitude of co-infections, and binary logistic regression was used to determine associated factors. Variables with a P-value < 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance.ResultOverall, 4.1% (95% CI: 2.7, 6.1) of pregnant women were co-infected. The prevalence of specific co-infections was 2% (95% CI: 1, 3.5) for HIV/HBV, 1.3% (95% CI: 0.6, 2.6) for HIV/syphilis, and 0.8% (95% CI: 0.3, 1.9) for HBV/syphilis. No cases of triple co-infection were observed. Women with a history of unsafe sex (AOR = 8.2, 95% CI: 1.5, 16.7) and incarceration (AOR = 9.3, 95% CI: 1.6, 20.8) were associated with HIV/syphilis co-infection. For HIV/HBV co-infection, contact with jaundice patients (AOR = 5.5, 95% CI: 1.3, 22.5) and women with a history of STIs (AOR = 4.6, 95% CI: 1.4, 14.9) was significantly associated. Women with STI history (AOR = 6.3, 95% CI: 1.2, 15.9) were also significantly associated with HBV/syphilis co-infection.ConclusionDespite the government’s elimination efforts, a relatively high prevalence of coinfections with the infections studied was found among pregnant women. Therefore, HIV, HBV, and syphilis testing and treatment packages should be strengthened by targeting pregnant women with a history of STIs, contact with patients with jaundice, a history of incarceration, and unsafe sex.
Results of tele-rehabilitation in patients with multiple sclerosis during 2020–2021 COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sivertseva S. A. , Anfilofeva K. S. , Zotova A. V. , Chukreev V. D. , Belkina A. Yu. , Volkova L. I. , Guseva M. E. , Boyko A. N. 
Published: August 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the nervous system of a predominantly progressive nature. In addition to diseasemodifying drug therapy of MS patients require physical rehabilitation, including tele-rehabilitation (TeleRBT).Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of TeleRBT in MS patients as one of the rehabilitation stages during the 2020–2021 coronavirus pandemic.Material and methods. The study involved 36 patients diagnosed with MS who completed a TeleRBT course. The course included 10 lessons of 60 minutes each over 10 days with a two-day break. Various questionnaires and scales were used to assess efficacy, and neurological status was also assessed.Results. In the group of patients who participated in TeleRBT, the level of disability on the EDSS scale did not change; walking function improved: the time to walk 25 feet decreased from 9.77±6.74 to 8.85±5.26 s (p=0.016), tolerance to physical activity increased: 6 minute walking distance without rest increased from 246.02±145.60 to 261.58±118.55 m (p=0.02), the speed of information processing in PASAT test improved from 31.92±18.35 to 43.12±21.39 (p<0.05), the number of correct answers in the SDMT test increased from 40.7±11.75 to 45.16±13.13 (p<0.05). No exacerbations of the disease were recorded during the TeleRBT period.Conclusion. TeleRBT had a positive effect on the cognitive and motor domains of patients with MS. The absence of exacerbations and negative dynamics in neurological status characterizes TeleRBT method as safe.
Pain in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
Authors: Novikova E. S. , Kotov A. S. , Kotov S. V. 
Published: August 2024

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a group of chronic autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system with a relapsing course. Unfortunately, the symptoms of exacerbation cannot always be completely stopped, and in addition to motor disorders, chronic pain and depression can worsen the patient's condition. Currently, one of the factors that significantly affects the quality of life of patients in this group is chronic, debilitating pain.Objective: to determine the prevalence of the pain syndrome in the population of NMOSD patients in Moscow region, to investigate its clinical characteristics and its impact on quality of life.Material and methods. The study included 33 patients with NMOSD (6 men and 27 women) aged 22 to 64 years. The following criteria were used to assess the neurological condition, presence and severity of the pain syndrome: Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Diagnostic Neuropathic Pain Questionnaire (DN4), Pain Detect Questionnaire (PDQ), McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory and MRI data.Results. Among the patients analysed, the pain syndrome occurred in 19 patients (57.6%): 4 patients with NMOSD without antibodies against aquaporin-4 (AQP4-) and 15 with antibodies against AQP4 (AQP4+). In this group, neuropathic pain was observed in 14 patients (11 – AQP4+ and three – AQP4-), pain due to spasticity in 6 patients (5 – AQP4+ and 1 – AQP4-), painful tonic spasms in 2 patients with AQP4+ and neuropathic itching – in 1 patient with AQP4-. According to the questionnaires of the seropositive patients, the median DN4 was 3 [2; 3] (here and below the data are given in Me format [25th; 75th percentile]), PDQ – 6 [5; 12], on the MPQ scale: pain rank index – 11 [9; 15], index of the number of selected symptoms – 3 [3; 4], pain intensity – 2 [1; 3]. The results for the physical and psychological health domains of the SF36 questionnaire were 35.9 [6.5; 36] and 50.5 [5; 51.5] respectively. Among AQP4+ patients, 7 out of 15 patients were diagnosed with depression; in the AQPpatients, only one man was diagnosed with depression. There was a statistically significant correlation between the age of the patients and pain level: neuropathic pain according to DN4 was more pronounced in younger patients (p=0.009), and neuropathic pain was significantly more severe in patients with an early onset of the disease (p=0.04).Conclusion. There is currently no clear approach for the treatment of pain in NMOSD. In the present small study, different causes of pain were identified, depending on the location and severity of the lesion, the age of the patient and the duration of the disease. The most important factor in the prevention and treatment of pain syndrome in NMOSD is probably adequate immunotherapy of the disease.
High-dose immunosuppressive therapy followed by haematopoietic stem cell transplantation as a method for the treatment of refractory forms of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in children
Authors: Bronina N. N. , Bykova O. V. , Bronin G. O. , Kessel A. E. , Seregin G. Z. , Kirgizov K. I. , Polushin A. Yu. , Batysheva T. T. 
Published: August 2024

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) is a general term for immune-mediated diseases of the central nervous system whose phenotype includes affection of the optic nerve, brainstem encephalitis and myelitis. NMOSD is most commonly associated with class G antibodies against aquaporin-4 (aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G, AQP4-IgG), less commonly with class G antibodies against the glycoprotein of myelin oligodendrocytes. There are also seronegative variants of NMOSD.The article describes our own experience in treating two boys with resistant NMOSD with AQP4-IgG positivity with high-dose immunosuppressive therapy (HIST) followed by haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In the first clinical observation, a case of resistant NMOSD in a 13-year-old boy is presented. Over the course of 6 months, the child’s neurological deficit progressed to 9.5 points on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). After mobilization of peripheral stem cells (PSC), HIST was performed, followed by autologous HSCT (autoHSCT). During the 18-month follow-up, no NMOSD activity and the decrease in EDSS to 7.0 points were maintained. In the second clinical observation, the experience with the treatment of a child with resistant high-activity NMOSD is presented. A 10-year-old boy had two exacerbations within four months against the background of two lines of immunosuppressive therapy. PSCs were collected before auto-HSCT, but due to a further exacerbation and lack of clinical response to the mobilization dose of cyclophosphamide, it was decided to perform an allogeneic HSCT from a haploidentical donor. The follow-up period was 9 months. The EDSS score decreased from 6.5 to 3.5. AQP4-IgG was not detected in the blood of either patient. Both patients received satralizumab as part of consolidation therapy. No significant complications were observed after transplantation.Thus, HIST followed by HSCT can be considered a promising method for the treatment of resistant forms of NMOSD. The choice of HSCT type may depend on the severity of the patient’s somatic and neurological condition as well as the clinical response to immunosuppressive therapy.
Augmenting heart disease prediction with explainable AI: A study of classification models
Authors: Titti Raja Rani , Pukkella Shalini , Radhika Tantravahi Sai Lakshmi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Although heart disease stands as a prominent contributor to worldwide deaths, not all individuals affected by it ultimately fall prey to its effects. Timely diagnosis and effective treatment can offer those with heart conditions a high-quality life in their later years. Consequently, early disease detection using accessible medical data has been a central goal for researchers in recent decades. Traditionally, researchers relied on statistical tools for this purpose. However, machine learning algorithms, especially classification models, have gained prominence with the growing accumulated data. These algorithms have shown promise in predicting heart disease based on individual data. Our study employed various classification algorithms to predict heart disease incidence using the available dataset. We prioritized model reliability by incorporating the conformal classifier. Our results have shown that boosting algorithms, such as XGBoost and CatBoost, demonstrated exceptional performance with promising metrics. These models identified chest pain type and ST segment slope as crucial indicators of heart disease. Boosting algorithms exhibited a compelling combination of broad coverage and a small prediction set size, making them well-suited for heart disease prediction. Furthermore, we employed explainable artificial intelligence-boosting algorithms to enhance the interpretability of our predictions.
Accessible chemistry: the success of small-scale laboratory kits in South Africa
Authors: du Toit Maria Henriette , du Toit Jean Isabelle 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Chemical innovations enhance our quality of life by responding to challenges in e.g., energy production, medical care, and material development. Studying and understanding chemistry is essential for future solutions. However, chemistry is not accessible to all learners. In South Africa, the challenge is to make chemistry accessible to all participants, especially in the North West province, in poor schools without easy access to resources and with inadequately trained teachers. One way to make chemistry more accessible is through micro-scale chemistry. With this goal in mind, the MYLAB small-scale chemistry kit was designed. The kit was developed around the 5 ml test tube (our size determinant). We wanted all learners and teachers to have hands-on, minds-on chemistry practical experience. Thus, workshops were organised to (i) train the teachers in the use of the kits and (ii) to allow learners to experience practicals hands-on. This article gives an overview of how the use of the MYLAB small-scale chemistry kit was successful in making chemistry accessible to all.
Asset Pricing and Portfolio Investment Management Using Machine Learning: Research Trend Analysis Using Scientometrics
Authors: Meng Chao , Chen Chen , Xu Heng , Li Ting 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
“Asset pricing” in the context of financial economics pertains to the investigation and formulation of two fundamental pricing ideas and the models that go along with them. Various models exist for different scenarios, but they can be traced back to either general equilibrium asset pricing or rational asset pricing. Asset pricing models, as the name suggests, serve as valuable tools to assess the value of assets. The general equilibrium theory states that supply and demand interact to determine market prices. In this context, asset prices collectively satisfy the market clearing condition, which dictates that the supply and demand for each asset are equal at the prevailing price. Another crucial aspect of financial planning is portfolio management (PM), which aims to maximise investment profits while minimising losses. PM involves implementing effective asset allocation strategies to enhance returns and mitigate risks. Numerous studies have been conducted worldwide on various types of asset pricing models and investment portfolios, with some incorporating machine learning and deep learning techniques. In several models, the predictive accuracy has exceeded 90%. To shed light on the current research landscape in the realm of asset pricing and portfolio investment, we conducted a scientometric analysis.
Next Generation EU Product Liability – For Digital and Other Products
Authors: Wagner Gerhard 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The new Directive on Product Liability is hard to overestimate, as it is nothing less than a complete overhaul of the 1985 Product Liability Directive (PLD), which still lies at the heart of EU tort law. One focus of the reform act is the challenge posed by digital transformation. To accommodate the new category of digital devices, the concept of product is widened so as to include software and related services, and the strict ex ante perspective for the finding of product defect is attenuated to account for continued control of the manufacturer post-marketing. Further to broadening the scope of application, the protective perimeter of the Directive is expanded, namely to include data used for private purposes. The second focus of the reform act, of at least equal importance, are changes to the liability regime for products of any kind, regardless of their digital nature or elements. Thus, e-commerce intermediaries such as platforms are ushered into the scope of the Directive as new defendants, alongside manufacturers, importers, and distributors. With a view to quantum, the € 500 retention for property damage had to go, together with the authority of the Member States to impose a cap on liability under the Directive. Unfortunately, there was no time to revisit the foundations of product liability. Thus, the new Directive holds on to the consumer protection gospel of product liability and excludes commercial property from the scope of protection, even though there is no good reason to discriminate against business interests. As before, national law must and will step in to fill in the gaps in Union law, perpetuating the double-track liability systems that the 1985 Directive helped to create.
War and liar: a semiotic account of metaphors in the reports on the discharge of Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water in Chinese media
Authors: Li Shukang , Chen Zihan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The release of nuclear wastewater by Japan has generated strong opposition from Japanese citizens, governments of neighboring countries, and global environmental advocates. China, representing the concerns of neighboring countries, has underscored the illicit and detrimental nature of this action. This study explores the metaphors employed in Chinese media regarding the discharge of Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water. Based on the self-built corpus, we reveal the rhetorical motives underlying the metaphors, drawing on the framework of critical metaphor analysis. The study centers on two major metaphors – war and liar metaphors – in the discourse of two Chinese official media, China Daily and People’s Daily Online. It is found that according to Chinese media, initiating and protesting the discharge of Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water is a war; and that the Japanese government and TEPCO are liars. The metaphor choices reflect China’s stance of opposition and condemnation against the discharge and its intention of uncovering deceptive and misleading information.
Making sense of a new language: authenticity and semiotics in additional language learning
Authors: Chen Ningyang , Zhou Chunxia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The concept of authenticity has received much discussion in applied linguistics and educational studies. Valuable insights have been gained into how authenticity is problematised in language teaching and how to improve the situation by engaging learners with better-designed materials and activities. These achievements notwithstanding, empirical evidence remains insufficient to understand learners’ meaning-making endeavours in real-life learning scenarios. The current study attempts to examine authenticity in additional language learning from a semiotic perspective, which may shed new light on the complex cognitive process of beginner learners’ first encounter with a new language and how this process could be motivated and facilitated by teachers in a classroom setting. Evidence of semiotic articulation and production of authenticity from a low-pressure Spanish classroom is analysed focussing on cultural authenticity, interactive authenticity and authenticity of behaviour and engagement. The evidence is discussed to find how semiotic resources in combination with lived experiences may help learners’ comprehension and appreciation of the target language and its culture. These findings reveal the relevance and value of semiotic approaches to language teaching research and provide practical implications for exposing pre-tertiary young learners to languages other than English for more diverse and extensive learning experiences.