bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wood Density and Carbon Concentration Jointly Drive Wood Carbon Density of Five Rosaceae Tree Species
Authors: Guo Pingping , Zhao Xiping , Wang Xingchang , Feng Qi , Li Xinjing , Tan Yangyang 
Published: June 2024

Wood can store carbon and help mitigate global climate change. Carbon density (CD), the basis for measuring and analyzing C storage, is the product of wood density (WD) and C concentration, which are dependent on wood structure, cellulose concentration (CC), hemicellulose concentration (HC), and lignin concentration (LC). However, little attention has been paid to the C concentration of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, which are fundamental factors in C storage and affect the credibility of accurate CD estimates. In order to disentangle the CD drives, WD, C concentration, CC, HC, and LC of the branch, stem, and root were quantified for five Rosaceae species from temperate forests in Northeastern China. The species were Sorbus alnifolia (Sieb.et Zucc.) K. Koch, Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim., Malus baccata (L.) Borkh., Crataegus pinnatifida var. major N. E. Brown, and Padus racemosa (Linn.) Gilib. The WD, CC, HC, and LC differed among species and tree organs, with the highest variability for the HC. The structural carbon concentration (SCC) was lower than the organic carbon concentration (OCC) and even the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) default value of 45%, with a maximum deviation of 2.6%. CD differed dramatically among species and tree organs. Based on SCC calculations, the highest CD was found in Sorbus alnifolia root (0.27 × 106 g/m3), while the lowest was found in Padus racemosa branch (0.22 × 106 g/m3). The results suggest that when estimating CD accurately at species level, it is important to consider not only WD but also structural carbohydrates and lignin concentration, providing important information on C fluxes and long-term C sequestration for forests. The study findings provide valuable insights into CD variations among tree species and organs and are valuable for forest management and policy development to improve carbon sequestration.
The Relationship between Biofilm Phenotypes and Biofilm-Associated Genes in Food-Related Listeria monocytogenes Strains
Authors: Burdová Alexandra , Véghová Adriana , Minarovičová Jana , Drahovská Hana , Kaclíková Eva 
Published: June 2024

Listeria monocytogenes is an important pathogen responsible for listeriosis, a serious foodborne illness associated with high mortality rates. Therefore, L. monocytogenes is considered a challenge for the food industry due to the ability of some strains to persist in food-associated environments. Biofilm production is presumed to contribute to increased L. monocytogenes resistance and persistence. The aims of this study were to (1) assess the biofilm formation of L. monocytogenes isolates from a meat processing facility and sheep farm previously characterized and subjected to whole-genome sequencing and (2) perform a comparative genomic analysis to compare the biofilm formation and the presence of a known set of biofilm-associated genes and related resistance or persistence markers. Among the 37 L. monocytogenes isolates of 15 sequence types and four serogroups involved in this study, 14%, 62%, and 24% resulted in the formation of weak, moderate, and strong biofilm, respectively. Increased biofilm-forming ability was associated with the presence of the stress survival islet 1 (SSI-1), inlL, and the truncated inlA genes. Combining the phenotypic and genotypic data may contribute to understanding the relationships between biofilm-associated genes and L. monocytogenes biofilm-forming ability, enabling improvement in the control of this foodborne pathogen.
Identifying Issues of Video Conferencing Tools for Teaching and Learning Using the PACT Framework
Authors: Ling Siew Eng , Chan Margaret Kit Yok , Khalid Md Saifuddin , Ling Siew Ching , Engkamat Adeline 
Published: June 2024

The usage of video conferencing tools in teaching and learning has become a norm in today's higher educational institutions, recognized across various academic settings. The experience gained by most educators in using video conferencing tools for teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic could be leveraged to enhance these tools. The study aims to capture the current practices and explore the issues of using video conferencing for teaching and learning in Malaysian higher educational institutions. It focuses on three target groups with hands-on experience: academicians, students, and e-learning consultants or information technology (IT) support staff. Interview and focus group protocols were developed based on the four elements of the PACT framework: People (P), Activities (A), Contexts (C), and Technologies (T). Data were gathered through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with the target groups. There were 24 participants involved in three focus group discussions and 28 participants in individual in-depth interviews. The PACT framework was employed to analyze the data, aiding in understanding the current situation, identifying areas for improvement, and envisioning future scenarios. Qualitative data were transcribed and categorized based on the four PACT elements. The study identified differences in the People element with four scenarios/practices on physical differences, six on psychological differences, three on mental models, and five on social differences. A total of twenty differences were identified under the Activities element, with six on temporal aspects, four each on cooperation, complexity, and safety-critical aspects, and two on the nature of the content. Under the Context element, one scenario/practice was identified for organizational circumstances, five for social circumstances, and three for physical circumstances. In the Technology element, five scenarios/practices were identified: two related to the input part of technologies and one each for the output, communication, and content parts of technologies. From the scenarios/practices of the responses, a total of fifty-two issues related to using video conferencing for teaching and learning were identified. These findings will serve as the basis for ideation in developing innovative video conferencing toolkits for teaching and learning.
Income Analysis of Lawi-Lawi (Coulerpa sp) in Laikang Village,Mangarabombang Sub-District, Takalar District
Authors: Udin Risma , Fakhriyyah Sitti , Cangara Arie Syahruni 
Published: June 2024

Seaweed has become a prima donna commodity for coastal communities, considering its positive contribution to the workforce and increasing income. Types of seaweed that have potential but have not been widely cultivated are Caulerpa sp. with the local names 'lawi-lawi' (Sulawesi) and 'Latoh' (Java). Lawi-lawi is widely known by the coastal community because several types of seaweed are used as daily natural food ingredients in South Sulawesi and are used for medical purposes because they contain antioxidants. Takalar Regency is the center of Lawi-lawi seaweed incubator, where development clusters are spread throughout the sub-district. One of the sub-districts that is the center for the development of Lawi-lawi seaweed is Mangarabombang District. some people in Laikang Village make a living as cultivators of lawi-lawi. Lawi-lawi cultivation activities in this village have been going on since 2011 and continue to grow until now. The purpose of this study was to determine the investment and income of lawi-lawi cultivators. The results showed that the average cost of cultivation of lawi-lawi (Caulerpa Sp) in Laikang Village, Mangarabombang District, Takalar Regency was IDR 8.397.500, the total annual income was IDR 8 .397.500 IDR. 147.600.000, total monthly income of IDR. 16.132.427.
IMMUNOSTIMULANT EVALUATION OF NEEM LEAVES AGAINTS NON-SPECIFIC IMMUNE OF TILAPIA INFECTED BY A. hydrophila
Authors: R.A. Islamy  , V. Hasan  , N.B. Mamat  , Y. Kilawati  , Y. Maimunah  
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study was to find out how neem leaf extract affected the immune systems of Tilapia (O. niloticus) that had A. hydrophila in their bodies. This included looking at its phytochemistry, antibacterial properties, bioactive compounds, and ability to make the immune system stronger. The extraction uses methanol. The phytochemical test of neem leaf extract includes flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids. We obtained the isolate A. hydrophila from the Jepara Brackish Water Aquaculture. Before use, we store these bacteria in Trypticase Soy Agar (TSA) media at 4 oC and Trypticase Soy Broth (TSB) subcultures. re use. Test antibacterial using published We confirmed flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids through phytochemical tests. firmed. The test against A. hydrophila bacteria found that 100% of the extract was the most effective concentration at stopping the growth of A. hydrophila bacteria. After feeding A. hydrophilla bacteria to Tilapia (O. niloticus), the extract of neem leaf (A. indica) significantly boosted the immune system. bserved.
Controlled and uncontrolled arterial hypertension: comparison of clinical and demographic characteristics in patients (according to the National Registry of Hypertension, 2019-2022)
Authors: Aksenova A. V. , Oshchepkova E. V. , Gorbunova E. V. , Makarov S. A. , Aksenov N. N. , Musaeva N. Z. , Chazova I. E. 
Published: June 2024

Aim: to analyze the features of antihypertensive therapy in a sample of patients with arterial hypertension observed in primary healthcare (2019-2022), to identify the features of therapy in patients with uncontrolled and controlled hypertension. Materials and methods. An analysis was made of antihypertensive therapy in 4543 patients, the frequency of prescription of various combinations ofantihypertensive drugs. For statistical data processing, the SPSS statistical software package was used. Drug combinations prescribed in less than 2% of cases were excluded from the graphical presentation. Results. The majority of patients with hypertension were prescribed combined AHT (2, 3 and 4-component therapy represented in 28.3 %, 33 %, 24.8 %, respectively). More than 90 % of patients receive drugs that block the RAAS system, more than 85 % – BB. Every third patient received a CCB, diuretic therapy most often prescribed mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (39.8 %), loop diuretics (20 %). Thiazide-like diuretics are prescribed 1.8 times more often than thiazide ones (18.6 % and 10.1 %). In the structure of monotherapy in patients with hypertension, the leading prescriptions are BBs, ACEIs and ARBs (43.3 %; 31.4 %; 15.1 %) with a high incidence of coronary heart disease and heart failure. Combinations of BB, ACEI and ARB form the most frequently prescribed double combinations (BB+ACEI – 48.3 %; ARB and BB – 22.8 %). Almost all of the most commonly prescribed 4-antihypertensive combinations contained MRA. Among patients with controlled and uncontrolled hypertension, the frequency of prescription of different classes of antihypertensive drugs as monotherapy did not differ. Features of combination therapy in patients with uncontrolled hypertension included more frequent prescription of BB+ARB (25.6 % vs. 20.8 %), BB+ARB+TlD (15.7 % vs. 10.3 %), BB+ARB+CCB (11.1% vs. 6.3 %), ARB+CCBd+TlD (2.9 % vs. 1 %), BB+BRA+CCBd+TlD (15.3 % vs. 8.1 %), BB+ ACEI+CCBd+TlD (7.1 % vs. 2 %), BB+ACEI+CCBd+TlD+AB (5.3 % vs. 0 %), BB+ARB+CCBd+TlD+AB (5.3 % vs. 0 %). Patients with controlled hypertension were more often prescribed BB+ACEI (53.5 % vs. 41.3 %), BB+ACEI+MRA (22.8 % vs. 13.5 %), BB+ACEI+LD (3.6 % vs. 1.4 %), BB+ACEI+LD+MRA (27.1 % vs. 14.1 %), BB+ACEI+CCBd+MRA (19.6 % vs. 5.8 %), BB+ACEI+TD+MRA+LD (2.5 times, (23.8 % vs. 9.6 %)), BB+ACEI+CCBd+MRA+TD (5 times, (14.9 % vs. 2.9 %). Сonclusions. Further escalation of the use of combination therapy is necessary given the high rate of failure to achieve target values.
The prognostic potential of the pulmonary function tests parameters in determining the risks of comorbid pathology development
Authors: Priseko L. G. , Nevzorova V. A. , Zakharchuk N. V. , Yurlova S. V. 
Published: June 2024

The aim is to study the prognostic potential of the parameters of the pulmonary function tests parameters in determining the risks of developing comorbid pathology. Material and methods. The study included 102 people, with an average age of 47 [43-52.7] years. Questionnaires, anthropometry, blood sampling for biochemical analysis, and spirometry were conducted. Cardiovascular risk (CVR) was calculated on the SCORE2 scale, stratification of the subjects by risk groups was carried out in accordance with the gradation on the scale used. Statistical processing was performed using nonparametric methods. Results. According to the calculation of the SSR on the SCORE2 scale, all the subjects were in the range of moderate (58.7 %) and high risk (41.3 %). The obtained data from the study of the respiratory function of the general sample were slightly lower in women than in men, with significant differences in the obtained FVC, FEV1, FEF2575. Depending on the presence of arterial hypertension (AH) it was found that the median values of both the actual and calculated lower limits of the norm (LLN) of spirometry indicators among people with AH were lower than those studied without hypertension. At the same time, significant differences depending on the presence of AH were revealed only in the case of LLN for FEV1, FEV1/FVC, FEF2575. In individuals with hypertension, the LLN-FEV1/FVC index was significantly lower than 70 %. In the group of subjects with hypertension, an inverse reliable relationship was found (p = −0.4; p < 0.001) between LLN-FEV1/FVC and the level of uricemia – a decrease in the index by 0.008 % will lead to an increase in uric acid by 1 mmol/l. A decrease in LLN-FEV1/FVC by 0.2 l and LLN-FEF2575 by 0.03 l/sec will increase the CVR on the SCORE2 scale by 1 % ((p = −0.5; p < 0.001) (p=−0.3; p=0.002), respectively). Conclusion. An assessment of the prognostic potential of the pulmonary function tests parameters in determining the risks of comorbid pathology, namely a combination of cardiovascular diseases and respiratory pathology, was carried out. A combined approach to the examination of the able-bodied population, taking into account spirometry data, will help to personify and in-depth assess the risks of developing significant diseases that affect the quality and life expectancy of the patient, his ability to work.
MIDIS: JWST/MIRI Reveals the Stellar Structure of ALMA-selected Galaxies in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field at Cosmic Noon
Authors: Boogaard Leindert A. , Gillman Steven , Melinder Jens , Walter Fabian , Colina Luis , Östlin Göran , Caputi Karina I. , Iani Edoardo , Pérez-González Pablo , van der Werf Paul , Greve Thomas R. , Wright Gillian , Alonso-Herrero Almudena , Álvarez-Márquez Javier , Annunziatella Marianna , Bik Arjan , Bosman Sarah , Costantin Luca , Crespo Gómez Alejandro , Dicken Dan , Eckart Andreas , Hjorth Jens , Jermann Iris , Labiano Alvaro , Langeroodi Danial , Meyer Romain A. , Moutard Thibaud , Peißker Florian , Pye John P. , Rinaldi Pierluigi , Tikkanen Tuomo V. , Topinka Martin , Henning Thomas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We present deep James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) F560W observations of a flux-limited, Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA)-selected sample of 28 galaxies at z = 0.5–3.7 in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF). The data from the MIRI Deep Imaging Survey (MIDIS) reveal the stellar structure of the HUDF galaxies at rest-frame wavelengths of λ > 1 μm for the first time. We revise the stellar mass estimates using new JWST photometry and find good agreement with pre-JWST analyses; the few discrepancies can be explained by blending issues in the earlier lower-resolution Spitzer data. At z ∼ 2.5, the resolved rest-frame near-infrared (1.6 μm) structure of the galaxies is significantly more smooth and centrally concentrated than seen by the Hubble Space Telescope at rest-frame 450 nm (F160W), with effective radii of R

e
(F560W) = 1–5 kpc and Sérsic indices mostly close to an exponential (disk-like) profile (n ≈ 1), up to n ≈ 5 (excluding active galactic nuclei). We find an average size ratio of R

e
(F560W)/R

e
(F160W) ≈ 0.7 that decreases with stellar mass. The stellar structure of the ALMA-selected galaxies is indistinguishable from a HUDF reference sample of all galaxies with a MIRI flux density greater than 1 μJy. We supplement our analysis with custom-made, position-dependent, empirical point-spread function models for the F560W observations. The results imply that a smoother stellar structure is in place in massive gas-rich, star-forming galaxies at “Cosmic Noon,” despite a more clumpy rest-frame optical appearance, placing additional constraints on galaxy formation simulations. As a next step, matched-resolution, resolved ALMA observations will be crucial to further link the mass- and light-weighted galaxy structures to the dusty interstellar medium.
SN 2023zaw: An Ultrastripped, Nickel-poor Supernova from a Low-mass Progenitor
Authors: Das Kaustav K. , Fremling Christoffer , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Schulze Steve , Sollerman Jesper , Karambelkar Viraj , Rose Sam , Anand Shreya , Andreoni Igor , Aubert Marie , Brennan Sean J. , Cenko S. Bradley , Coughlin Michael W. , O’Connor B. , De Kishalay , Fuller Jim , Graham Matthew , Hammerstein Erica , Haynie Annastasia , Hinds K-Ryan , Kleiser Io , Kulkarni S. R. , Lin Zeren , Liu Chang , Mahabal Ashish A. , Martin Christopher , Miller Adam A. , Neill James D. , Perley Daniel A. , Pessi Priscila J. , Prusinski Nikolaus Z. , Purdum Josiah , Ravi Vikram , Rusholme Ben , Wu Samantha , Wold Avery , Yan Lin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We present SN 2023zaw—a subluminous (M

r
= −16.7 mag) and rapidly evolving supernova (t
1/2,r
= 4.9 days), with the lowest nickel mass (≈0.002 M
⊙) measured among all stripped-envelope supernovae discovered to date. The photospheric spectra are dominated by broad He i and Ca near-infrared emission lines with velocities of ∼10,000−12,000 km s−1. The late-time spectra show prominent narrow He i emission lines at ∼1000 km s−1, indicative of interaction with He-rich circumstellar material. SN 2023zaw is located in the spiral arm of a star-forming galaxy. We perform radiation-hydrodynamical and analytical modeling of the lightcurve by fitting with a combination of shock-cooling emission and nickel decay. The progenitor has a best-fit envelope mass of ≈0.2 M
☉ and an envelope radius of ≈50 R
⊙. The extremely low nickel mass and low ejecta mass (≈0.5 M
⊙) suggest an ultrastripped SN, which originates from a mass-losing low-mass He-star (zero-age main-sequence mass < 10 M
⊙) in a close binary system. This is a channel to form double neutron star systems, whose merger is detectable with LIGO. SN 2023zaw underscores the existence of a previously undiscovered population of extremely low nickel mass (<0.005 M
☉) stripped-envelope supernovae, which can be explored with deep and high-cadence transient surveys.
Cancer Cell Small Molecule Secretome Induces the Immune Checkpoint NKG2A and Dysfunction of Human CD8+ T Cells
Authors: Rodriguez-Garcia Gabriel J , Graves Diana K , Mirza Muhammad B , Idrees Kamran , Kim Young J , Korrer Michael J , Rathmell Jeffrey C 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
PD-1 blockade has been approved for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. However, many HNSCC patients do not respond to this treatment, and other tumor microenvironmental factors may promote resistance to PD-1 blockade. We previously identified increased expression of the inhibitory receptor NKG2A on CD8+ T cells in HNSCC tumors compared with T cells in matching PBMC samples. Mechanisms that promote NKG2A expression and the role of NKG2A on human T cells in the tumor microenvironment, however, are uncertain. In this study, we show that tumor-conditioned media (TCM) of HNSCC cancer cell lines or ascites fluid from colorectal carcinoma patients is sufficient to induce the expression of NKG2A and other inhibitory receptors on activated CD8+ T cells isolated from PBMCs of healthy donors. Boiling or small molecular mass cutoff filtering did not eliminate the effect of TCM, suggesting that a small molecule promotes NKG2A. T cell activation in TCM decreased the basal and maximal mitochondrial respiration to metabolically restrain CD8+ T cells. Functionally, T cell activation in TCM reduced CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity as shown by lower production of cytokines, granzyme B, and perforin. Furthermore, TCM prevented CD8+ T cells from killing cancer cells in response to an anti-CD19/anti-CD3 bispecific T cell engager. Thus, a small secreted molecule from HNSCC cells can induce NKG2A expression and promote T cell dysfunction. Our findings may lead to targets for novel cancer therapies or biomarkers for NKG2A blockade response and provide a model to study T cell dysfunction and impaired metabolism.
Considerations for delayed-onset spinal arachnoid web after intracranial subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Wong Georgia , Pivazyan Gnel , Breton Jeffrey M. , Dowlati Ehsan , Felbaum Daniel R. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
Spinal arachnoid web (AW) is a rare condition causing spinal cord-related issues. Its cause is often idiopathic but can be linked to past trauma or spine surgery. We describe two cases of AWs that developed after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Case #1 is a 71-year-old male with nonaneurysmal SAH who developed myelopathy 1 year later. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed upper thoracic cord edema and an AW. Case #2 is a 57-year-old female who underwent coiling of a ruptured basilar artery aneurysm and ventriculoperitoneal shunting for hydrocephalus. Twenty months later, she developed mid-thoracic AW requiring surgical resection. Both patients showed symptom improvement postresection avoiding further reoperation. History of SAH is emerging as a risk factor for AW development, emphasizing the importance of monitoring delayed-onset myelopathy and back pain in recent SAH patients.
To Compare the Effects of 0.2% Ropivacaine Continuous Infusion versus Programmed Intermittent Bolus on Postoperative Analgesia with Adductor Canal Block, in Patients Undergoing Unilateral Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Thomas Anu Krupa , Medidi Anand Babu , Karuppusami Reka , Thomas Anju Sarah , Pillai Rahul , Salins Serina Ruth , Adhikary Sanjib Das 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Multimodal regimens are the mainstay of postoperative analgesia. Analgesic effectiveness of programmed intermittent bolus (PIB) versus continuous infusion (CI) in ultrasound-guided adductor canal block (ACB) for unilateral knee arthroplasty, were compared.

Materials and Methods:
Following Ethical and Clinical Trials Registry approval, eligible patients were administered pericapsular infiltration, intraoperatively and ACB with catheter, postoperatively. As per randomization, the PIB group received 10 ml 0.2% ropivacaine every 3 hourly while the CI group received 6mL/h. In addition, both groups received patient controlled boluses of 5mL with lockout interval of 30 minutes. The numerical rating score (NRS) score, plasma concentration of ropivacaine, use of rescue analgesics, quadricep strength by Straight Leg Rising Test (SLRT), Medical Research Council (MRC) scale for motor power, were monitored at 0, 1, 4, 24, 48 h, and Likert Scale for patient satisfaction, was measured at 72 h. To be clinically meaningful, sample size calculation, was according to a difference in NRS, for a power of 0.80, and σ‐standard deviation of two points, thus requiring at least 17 patients in each group.

Results:
In PIB group, patients experienced better analgesia in the first 24 h (rest - 95% CI - 0.089–0.669, P = 0.010 and movement - 95% CI - 0.82–0.884, P = 0.018) and motor power, in the first (P = 0.051) and 4th h (P = 0.034), after recovery, along with improved patient satisfaction (P = 0.001). Ropivacaine plasma concentration, at regular intervals, was independent of the pain scores with rest and movement. Rescue analgesia was inconclusive in both groups.

Conclusion:
The PIB option provided better analgesia in the postoperative period.