bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between cognitive deficits and different outcomes of schizophrenia
Authors: de Nijs Jessica , Zoun Kirsten , Investigators GROUP 
Published: January 2015

CelSchizofrenia jest zaburzeniem o zróżnicowanym przebiegu. Oprócz objawów pozytywnych i negatywnych towarzyszą jej często zaburzenia funkcji poznawczych, które niejednokrotnie poprzedzają chorobę. Niewątpliwy jest związek między zdolnościami poznawczymi a następstwami schizofrenii. Biorąc to pod uwagę, jak również pamiętając, że jak najwcześniejsze rozpoznanie i leczenie schizofrenii daje większe szanse na lepszy efekt końcowy, niniejsze badanie sprawdzało hipotezę mówiącą, że funkcjonowanie poznawcze związane jest z dwoma pozornie przeciwstawnymi przebiegami choroby: remisją kliniczną oraz przymusową hospitalizacją w trzy lata po pierwszej ocenie stanu psychicznego.MetodaUczestnikami niniejszego badania byli pacjenci cierpiący na schizofrenię, podczas testów poznawczych niebędący w aktywnej fazie psychozy (N = 321). Wyniki testów poznawczych zostały wykorzystane jako zmienne predykcyjne dla stanu remisji lub wystąpienia przymusowej hospitalizacji w ciągu trzech lat od testów poznawczych. Testy poznawcze składały się z podtestów WAIS-III (Cyfry, Wiadomości, Arytmetyka, Braki w obrazkach), Testu Rozpoznawania Twarzy Bentona, Testu Aluzji i Testu Słuchowo-Werbalnego Uczenia się Reya.WynikiLepsze wyniki w zadaniach werbalnych (wyniki WAIS-III Arytmetyka (b = 0,17) oraz wyniki WAIS-III Wiadomości (b = 0,22)) i mniejsza liczba epizodów psychotycznych (b = -0,64) wiązały się ze stanem remisji. Gorsze wyniki w zadaniach związanych z pamięcią (b = -0,20) i większa liczba epizodów psychotycznych (b = 0,835) wiązały się z przymusową hospitalizacją.WnioskiNiniejsze trzyletnie badanie długoterminowe wykazało, że wyższe werbalne IQ jest czynnikiem ochronnym, a słaba pamięć i większa liczba epizodów psychotycznych są czynnikami ryzyka dla przebiegu schizofrenii. Sugeruje to, że przyszłe badania dotyczące narzędzi przewidywania następstw schizofrenii powinny zawierać ocenę werbalnego IQ oraz pamięci werbalnej.
Characteristics of groups after the suicide attempt. Cluster analysis of National Comorbidity Survey (NCS) 1990–1992
Authors: Wołodźko Tymoteusz , Kokoszka Andrzej 
Published: January 2015

CelZidentyfikowanie specyficznych grup ryzyka samobójstw.MetodaAnaliza klas ukrytych (latent class analysis – LCA) danych z National Comorbidity Survey (NCS) z lat 1990–1992, badania przeprowadzonego wśród reprezentatywnej grupy 5 977 Amerykanów w wieku 15–54 lat.WynikiZidentyfikowano siedem skupień osób podejmujących próby samobójcze: (C1) młodzi dorośli z pięcioma zaburzeniami psychicznymi w ciągu życia, z silnym lękiem i chorobami somatycznymi oraz niskim zarobkami, (C2) uzależnieni od alkoholu, z co najmniej czterema zaburzeniami psychicznymi w ciągu życia i nastrojami depresyjnymi, (C3) osoby bez zaburzeń psychicznych oraz z jednym lub dwoma zaburzeniami psychicznymi, w czwartej dekadzie życia, (C4) niemal wyłącznie kobiety, które wszystkie chorują na depresję, które miały inne zaburzenia psychiczne, często lękowe, (C5) osoby młode z różnorodnymi zaburzeniami psychicznymi i nadużywające alkohol oraz inne substancje psychoaktywne, z próbą samobójczą w przeszłości, niebędące w związku intymnym, (C6) niemal wyłącznie mężczyźni, w czwartej dekadzie życia, nadużywający alkohol i narkotyki, mający nastroje depresyjne, z których większość ma osobowość dyssocjalną i miała co najmniej trzy zaburzenia psychiczne, (C7) osoby młode bez zaburzeń, z jednym lub dwoma zaburzeniami psychicznymi, silnie zależne emocjonalnie.WnioskiAnaliza skupień pozwoliła względnie dobrze scharakteryzować siedem grup osób z dużym ryzykiem zachowań samobójczych.
Estimation des dimensions de certaines variétés de Kisin
Authors: Caruso Xavier 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Dans cet article, nous nous intéressons aux dimensions de certaines
variétés qui ont été introduites récemment par Kisin pour démontrer la
modularité de certaines représentations galoisiennes. Nous étudions plus
spécialement un cas particulier pour lequel nous donnons une estimation
de la dimension en question, puis, en nous basant sur ce résultat, nous
énonçons une conjecture dans le cas général.
In this paper, we study dimensions of some varieties, that were
introduced recently by Kisin in order to prove modularity of some
Galois representations.
In fact, we mainly consider a special case for which we obtain
an estimation of the dimension we are interested in. Then, based on
this result, we state a conjecture for the general case.
Design and Implementation of an Adaptive Space–Time Antenna Array for GPS Receivers
Authors: Li Jianxing , Zhang Ming , Shi Hongyu , Zheng Shi , Zhang Anxue 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIn this paper, an adaptive space–time antenna array to preserve global positioning system (GPS) signals while at the same time cancelling all interfering signals was designed and implemented. In the design, a new constraint vector and modified least mean square (M-LMS) algorithm were introduced and utilized to compute the real-time weights. An experimental system with a total size of 200 mm×200 mm×50 mm was implemented to verify the design. Design considerations and experimental results were presented and discussed. Experimental results show that high anti-jam capability has been achieved in the presence of wideband interfering signals. Therefore, the proposed design can be well applied for GPS receivers to enhance robustness.
Chemoenzymatic synthesis of a 1,2,3-triazolo- δ-lactone derivative
Authors: Gümüş Ayşegül , Mert Kudret 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The stereoselective synthesis of a 1,2,3-triazolo-δ-lactone (+)-6 derived from a homoallyl alcohol (S)-(-)-1 backbone was accomplished. 2-Thienyl-substituted allyl alcohol rac-1 was efficiently resolved through enzymatic method with high ee (95%) and known stereochemistry. An enantiomerically enriched azidoalcohol (+)-4 derived from a homoallyl alcohol was subjected to the Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate, followed by intramolecular cyclization of the corresponding cycloadduct (+)-5, to yield the 1,2,3-triazolo-δ-lactone derivative.
The effect of altered sphingolipid acyl chain length on various disease models
Authors: Park Woo-Jae , Park Joo-Won 
Published: January 2015

AbstractSphingolipids have emerged as an important lipid mediator in intracellular signalling and metabolism. Ceramide, which is central to sphingolipid metabolism, is generated either via ade novopathway, by attaching fatty acyl CoA to a long-chain base, or via a salvage pathway, by degrading pre-existing sphingolipids. As a ‘sphingolipid rheostat’ has been proposed, the balance between ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate has been the object of considerable attention. Ceramide has recently been reported to have a different function depending on its acyl chain length: six ceramide synthases (CerS) determine the specific ceramide acyl chain length in mammals. All CerS-deficient mice generated to date show that sphingolipids with defined acyl chain lengths play distinct pathophysiological roles in disease models. This review describes recent advances in understanding the associations of CerS with various diseases and includes clinical case reports.
Eating disorders in adolescents: how does the DSM-5 change the diagnosis?
Authors: Fisher Martin , Gonzalez Marisol , Malizio Joan 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the changes in diagnosis that occur in making the transition from Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria in an adolescent medicine eating disorder program.
Methods: During the months of September 2011 through December 2012, a data sheet was completed at the end of each new outpatient eating disorder evaluation listing the patient’s gender, age, ethnicity, weight, height, DSM-IV diagnosis, and proposed DSM-5 diagnosis. Distributions were calculated using the Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon rank sum analyses to determine differences between diagnostic groups.
Results: There were 309 patients evaluated during the 16-month period. DSM-IV diagnoses were as follows: anorexia nervosa, 81 patients (26.2%); bulimia nervosa, 29 patients (9.4%); binge eating disorder, 1 patient (0.3%); and eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS), 198 patients (64.6%). By contrast, DSM-5 diagnoses were as follows: anorexia nervosa, 100 patients; atypical anorexia nervosa, 93 patients; avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, 60 patients; bulimia nervosa, 29 patients; purging disorder, 18 patients; unspecified feeding or eating disorder, 4 patients; subthreshold bulimia nervosa, 2 patients; subthreshold binge eating disorder, 2 patients; and binge eating disorder, 1 patient.
Conclusion: Almost two thirds (64.6%) of the 309 patients had a diagnosis of EDNOS based on the DSM-IV criteria. By contrast, only four patients had a diagnosis of unspecified feeding or eating disorder based on the DSM-5 criteria. These data demonstrate that the goal of providing more specific diagnoses for patients with eating disorders has been accomplished very successfully by the new DSM-5 criteria.
A Multicast Sparse-Grooming Algorithm Based on Network Coding in WDM Networks
Authors: Zhang Shengfeng , Peng Han , Sui Meng , Liu Huanlin 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTo improve the limited number of wavelength utilization and decrease the traffic blocking probability in sparse-grooming wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) networks, a multicast sparse-grooming algorithm based on network coding (MCSA-NC) is put forward to solve the routing problem for dynamic multicast requests in this paper. In the proposed algorithm, a traffic partition strategy, that the coarse-granularity multicast request with grooming capability on the source node is split into several fine-granularity multicast requests, is designed so as to increase the probability for traffic grooming successfully in MCSA-NC. Besides considering that multiple destinations should receive the data from source of the multicast request at the same time, the traditional transmission mechanism is improved by constructing edge-disjoint paths for each split multicast request. Moreover, in order to reduce the number of wavelengths required and further decrease the traffic blocking probability, a light-tree reconfiguration mechanism is presented in the MCSA-NC, which can select a minimal cost light tree from the established edge-disjoint paths for a new multicast request.
Likelihood free inference for Markov processes: a comparison
Authors: Owen Jamie , Wilkinson Darren J. , Gillespie Colin S. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractApproaches to Bayesian inference for problems with intractable likelihoods have become increasingly important in recent years. Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) and “likelihood free” Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques are popular methods for tackling inference in these scenarios but such techniques are computationally expensive. In this paper we compare the two approaches to inference, with a particular focus on parameter inference for stochastic kinetic models, widely used in systems biology. Discrete time transition kernels for models of this type are intractable for all but the most trivial systems yet forward simulation is usually straightforward. We discuss the relative merits and drawbacks of each approach whilst considering the computational cost implications and efficiency of these techniques. In order to explore the properties of each approach we examine a range of observation regimes using two example models. We use a Lotka–Volterra predator–prey model to explore the impact of full or partial species observations using various time course observations under the assumption of known and unknown measurement error. Further investigation into the impact of observation error is then made using a Schlögl system, a test case which exhibits bi-modal state stability in some regions of parameter space.
Identification of eQTLs for Hepatic Xbp1s and Socs3 Gene Expression in Mice Fed a High-Fat, High-Caloric Diet
Authors: Pasricha Sarina , Kenney-Hunt Jane , Anderson Kristy , Jafari Nadereh , Hall Rabea A , Lammert Frank , Cheverud James , Green Richard M 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a highly prevalent form of human hepatic disease and feeding mice a high-fat, high-caloric (HFHC) diet is a standard model of NAFLD. To better understand the genetic basis of NAFLD, we conducted an expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis of mice fed a HFHC diet. Two-hundred sixty-five (A/J × C57BL/6J) F2 male mice were fed a HFHC diet for 8 wk. eQTL analysis was utilized to identify genomic regions that regulate hepatic gene expression of Xbp1s and Socs3. We identified two overlapping loci for Xbp1s and Socs3 on Chr 1 (164.0–185.4 Mb and 174.4–190.5 Mb, respectively) and Chr 11 (41.1–73.1 Mb and 44.0–68.6 Mb, respectively), and an additional locus for Socs3 on Chr 12 (109.9–117.4 Mb). C57BL/6J-Chr 11A/J/ NaJ mice fed a HFHC diet manifested the A/J phenotype of increased Xbp1s and Socs3 gene expression (P &lt; 0.05), whereas C57BL/6J-Chr 1A/J/ NaJ mice retained the C57BL/6J phenotype. In addition, we replicated the eQTLs on Chr 1 and Chr 12 (LOD scores ≥3.5) using mice from the BXD murine reference panel challenged with CCl4 to induce chronic liver injury and fibrosis. We have identified overlapping eQTLs for Xbp1 and Socs3 on Chr 1 and Chr 11, and consomic mice confirmed that replacing the C57BL/6J Chr 11 with the A/J Chr 11 resulted in an A/J phenotype for Xbp1 and Socs3 gene expression. Identification of the genes for these eQTLs will lead to a better understanding of the genetic factors responsible for NAFLD and potentially other hepatic diseases.
A Bayesian Model for the Analysis of Transgenerational Epigenetic Variation
Authors: Varona Luis , Munilla Sebastián , Mouresan Elena Flavia , González-Rodríguez Aldemar , Moreno Carlos , Altarriba Juan 
Published: January 2015

AbstractEpigenetics has become one of the major areas of biological research. However, the degree of phenotypic variability that is explained by epigenetic processes still remains unclear. From a quantitative genetics perspective, the estimation of variance components is achieved by means of the information provided by the resemblance between relatives. In a previous study, this resemblance was described as a function of the epigenetic variance component and a reset coefficient that indicates the rate of dissipation of epigenetic marks across generations. Given these assumptions, we propose a Bayesian mixed model methodology that allows the estimation of epigenetic variance from a genealogical and phenotypic database. The methodology is based on the development of a T matrix of epigenetic relationships that depends on the reset coefficient. In addition, we present a simple procedure for the calculation of the inverse of this matrix (T−1) and a Gibbs sampler algorithm that obtains posterior estimates of all the unknowns in the model. The new procedure was used with two simulated data sets and with a beef cattle database. In the simulated populations, the results of the analysis provided marginal posterior distributions that included the population parameters in the regions of highest posterior density. In the case of the beef cattle dataset, the posterior estimate of transgenerational epigenetic variability was very low and a model comparison test indicated that a model that did not included it was the most plausible.
Effect of a brief training program based on cognitive behavioral therapy in improving work performance: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kimura Risa , Mori Makiko , Tajima Miyuki , Somemura Hironori , Sasaki Norio , Yamamoto Megumi , Nakamura Saki , Okanoya June , Ito Yukio , Otsubo Tempei , Tanaka Katsutoshi 
Published: January 2015

Effect of a brief training program based on cognitive behavioral therapy in improving work performance: A randomized controlled trial: Risa Kimura, et al. Department of Occupational Mental Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kitasato UniversityObjectiveEfforts to improve performance in the workplace with respect to positive mental health have increased, and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has recently attracted attention as an intervention measure to this end. Here, we conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief training program on CBT for improving work performance of employees.MethodsThe participants were employees of an electric company in Japan. The intervention consisted of 1 group session of CBT (120 min) and web‐based CBT homework for 1 month. We evaluated employees in both the intervention and control groups at baseline and follow‐up after three months. The main outcome was work performance, which was evaluated by a subjective score from 1 to 10. The secondary outcome was self‐evaluation of cognitive flexibility. Analyses were conducted based on ITT.ResultsIn the intervention group, 84 participants attended the group session, with 79 subsequently completing at least 1 instance of online homework. ITT analysis showed that the subjective performance of the intervention group was significantly improved compared with that of the control group (1.47 vs. 0.69, mean difference 0.78 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.05 to 1.51], Cohen's d=0.31). The ability to recognize dysfunctional thinking patterns and change them to positive ones significantly improved in the intervention group compared to the control group (0.71 vs. 0.26, mean difference 0.45 [95% CI 0.06 to 0.83], d=0.33). However, after adjustment for baseline scores, no significant difference was observed. The ability to view a situation from multiple perspectives and expand one's repertoire of thought patterns in the intervention group also significantly improved (0.83 vs. 0.35, mean difference 0.48 [95% CI 0.35 to 0.95], d=0.29), but here again, significance was lost after adjusting for baseline scores. Discussion: Our results suggest that a brief training program that combines a group CBT session with web‐based CBT homework improved subjective work performance. In addition, this program might help improve employees’ cognitive flexibility.
Long‐term processes affecting restoration and viability of the federal threatened Mead's milkweed (Asclepias meadii)
Authors: Bowles M. L. , McBride J. L. , Bell T. J. 
Published: January 2015

Restoration is an important tool for reducing extinction risk of endangered plants. Population viabilities of few plant restorations have been modeled over decadal time periods and linked with genetic and ecological factors that drive restoration processes. We modeled viability of restored populations of Mead's milkweed (Asclepias meadii, Asclepiadaceae), a self‐incompatible perennial herb of eastern tallgrass prairie (TGP), federally listed as threatened in the U.S. From 1994 to 2004, we planted >600 seeds and >800 juvenile plants representing >50 genotypes across seven TGP sites. Propagule type, genotype, seed source, restoration site, precipitation and fire management significantly affected establishment, growth and viability. Plants established from seed had greater mortality and greater genetic and demographic attrition than did juveniles. Seedling growth rates also projected 20–30 yrs to reach flowering stage, and their survivorship provided a metric of site suitability for life cycle completion. Seed germination and juvenile plant size were greater in burned habitat, and juvenile size was also positively correlated with spring precipitation. Seed production required presence of multiple genotypes among flowering plants. Seedlings demonstrated a heterosis effect, with greater germination among seeds derived from inter‐population crosses. However, cumulative growth of planted juveniles as well as population growth (λ) on sub‐optimal habitat conditions tended to be lower for propagules derived from inter‐population crosses, demonstrating outbreeding depression. Although flowering occurred at multiple sites, positive population growth (λ > 1) occurred at only a single site, where increasing fire frequency decreased extinction probability.These results suggest that restoration of viable Mead's milkweed populations is possible in optimal habitat. However, restoration of this species is constrained by high demographic attrition and the long period (20 or more yrs) required to complete its life cycle. Crossing among populations to increase genetic diversity and compatible mating types may result in tradeoffs, with heterosis at early life history stages, but outbreeding depression expressed in older stages. Fire and precipitation are also critical interactive processes driving A. meadii growth and reproduction. They may be most effective when precipitation, a stochastic process, results in greater than average post‐burn rainfall. These constraints may have implications for restoration of other late‐successional plant species.
On the perception of Limited Traffic Zones as urban noise mitigation action
Authors: Maffei Luigi , Di Gabriele Maria , Masullo Massimiliano , Aletta Francesco 
Published: January 2015

AbstractEnvironmental noise is a very important issue in modern urban agglomerations and new policies are being explored in order to reduce high sound-pressure levels from transportation and industry, especially in urban contexts. Considering this issue from the subjective perspective, environmental noise is often related to noise annoyance. Over the years, possible solutions were explored for urban sound planning beyond the mere noise control engineering techniques and a number of international projects proposed innovative approaches to deal with this issue: most of them were traffic-related. In order to support the city management, it is suitable to analyse possible indirect effects of traffic limitations on the perception of the sonic environment. Indeed, it was observed that even traffic management plans with no specific focus on noise mitigation are likely to have acoustic implications. The present study investigated the variations of the sonic environment induced by the implementation of a Limited Traffic Zone (LTZ) in the historic centre of Naples, in terms of objective parameters and perceived quality of the ‘sound’ component by means of noise and social surveys before, immediately after and one year after the LTZ implementation, in order to check for possible time effects. Results show that the sample interviewed immediately after the LTZ implementation reported overall positive opinions on the sonic environment and its variation, while the sample interviewed one year after tended to shift to more neutral opinions. This finding suggests that the LTZ could be considered an effective environmental strategy for the urban noise control, but it should be adequately actuated in order to preserve the achievements in terms of noise reduction and subjective perception by the local population.
Topographic migration of 2D and 3D ground‐penetrating radar data considering variable velocities
Authors: Allroggen Niklas , Tronicke Jens , Delock Marcel , Böniger Urs 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTWe present a 2D/3D topographic migration scheme for ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) data which is able to account for variable velocities by using the root mean square (rms) velocity approximation. We test our migration scheme using a synthetic 2D example and compare our migrated image to the results obtained using common GPR migration approaches. Furthermore, we apply it to 2D and 3D field data. These examples are recorded across common subsurface settings including surface topography and variations in the GPR subsurface velocity field caused by a shallow ground water table. In such field settings, our migration strategy provides well focused images of common‐offset GPR data without the need for a detailed interval velocity model. The synthetic and field examples demonstrate that our topographic migration scheme allows for accurate GPR imaging in the presence of variations in surface topography and subsurface velocity.