bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Classification and management of tibial tubercle avulsion fractures in children
Authors: Kothari Varun , Park Chang , Sobti Anshul , Hulme Alison , Sun Stephen Ng Man 
Published: July 2024

Abstract Fractures of the tibial tubercle are an uncommon injury, constituting 0.4–2.7% of all epiphyseal injuries. They occur in the adolescent age group, often during sports such as basketball and football. They are often classified using the modified Ogden classification. Understanding the anatomy and pathophysiology is essential in the management of these fractures, to predict complications and counsel patients and families on care. Tibial tubercle fractures generally have favourable overall outcomes when the correct treatment modality is chosen, with a high rate of union and a 98% return to preinjury activities. This article provides a guide for doctors on the classification and management of these injuries, to ensure that appropriate treatment is given according to current literature and best practice.
Risk factors of postoperative urinary retention following total hip and knee arthroplasty
Authors: Azarboo Alireza , Ghaseminejad-Raeini Amirhossein , Teymoori-Masuleh Mohammad , Mousavi Seyed M. , Jamalikhah-Gaskarei Negin , Hoveidaei Amir H. , Citak Mustafa , Luo T. D. 
Published: July 2024

AimsThe aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the pooled incidence of postoperative urinary retention (POUR) following total hip and knee arthroplasty (total joint replacement (TJR)) and to evaluate the risk factors and complications associated with POUR.MethodsTwo authors conducted searches in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus on TJR and urinary retention. Eligible studies that reported the rate of POUR and associated risk factors for patients undergoing TJR were included in the analysis. Patient demographic details, medical comorbidities, and postoperative outcomes and complications were separately analyzed. The effect estimates for continuous and categorical data were reported as standardized mean differences (SMDs) and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs, respectively.ResultsA total of 31 studies were included in the systematic review. Of these, 29 studies entered our meta-analysis, which included 3,273 patients diagnosed with POUR and 11,583 patients without POUR following TJR. The pooled incidence of POUR was 28.06%. Demographic risk factors included male sex (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.26 to 2.59), increasing age (SMD 0.16, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.27), and American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 3 to 4 (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.77). Patients with a history of benign prostatic hyperplasia (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.41 to 2.83) and retention (OR 3.10, 95% CI 1.58 to 6.06) were more likely to develop POUR. Surgery-related risk factors included spinal anaesthesia (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.74) and postoperative epidural analgesia (OR 2.82, 95% CI 1.65 to 4.82). Total hip arthroplasty was associated with higher odds of POUR compared to total knee arthroplasty (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.20). Postoperatively, POUR was associated with a longer length of stay (SMD 0.21, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.39).ConclusionOur meta-analysis demonstrated key risk variables for POUR following TJR, which may assist in identifying at-risk patients and direct patient-centered pathways to minimize this postoperative complication.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(7):601–611.
Trans-ancestry analysis in over 799,000 individuals yields new insights into the genetic etiology of colorectal cancer
Authors: Yang Changlong , Chang Zhenglin , Dai Youguo , Mo Jinzhao , Zhang Qitai , Zhu Mingming , Luan Likun , Zhang Jinhu , Sun Baoqing , Jia Junyi 
Published: July 2024

Background
Recent studies have demonstrated the relevance of circulating factors in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the causal relationship remains unclear.

Methods
Summary-level data for CRC were obtained from the UK Biobank (5,657 cases and 372,016 controls), FinnGen cohort (3,022 cases and 215,770 controls), and BioBank Japan Project (BBJ, 7,062 cases and 195,745 controls). Thirty-two peripheral markers with consistent definitions were collected from the three biobanks. Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to evaluate the causal effect of circulating factors on CRC. The effects from the three consortiums were combined using trans-ancestry meta-analysis methods.

Results
Our analysis provided compelling evidence for the causal association of higher genetically predicted eosinophil cell count (EOS, odds ratio [OR], 0.8639; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.7922–0.9421) and red cell distribution width (RDW, OR, 0.9981; 95% CI, 0.9972–0.9989) levels with a decreased risk of CRC. Additionally, we found suggestive evidence indicating that higher levels of total cholesterol (TC, OR, 1.0022; 95% CI, 1.0002–1.0042) may increase the risk of CRC. Conversely, higher levels of platelet count (PLT, OR, 0.9984; 95% CI, 0.9972–0.9996), total protein (TP, OR, 0.9445; 95% CI, 0.9037–0.9872), and C-reactive protein (CRP, OR, 0.9991; 95% CI, 0.9983–0.9999) may confer a protective effect against CRC. Moreover, we identified six ancestry-specific causal factors, indicating the necessity of considering patients’ ancestry backgrounds before formulating prevention strategies.

Conclusions
MR findings support the independent causal roles of circulating factors in CRC, which might provide a deeper insight into early detection of CRC and supply potential preventative strategies.
The pooled prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among children and adolescents in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Girma Desalegn , Abita Zinie , Adugna Amanuel , Alie Melsew Setegn , Shifera Nigusie , Abebe Gossa Fetene 
Published: July 2024

Background
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is one of the most common childhood neurobehavioral disorders, which has a serious negative effect on educational achievement, peer relationships, social functioning, behavior, and self-esteem of children. However, the pooled prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is not well known in Ethiopia. Therefore, the main objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to estimate the pooled prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among children and adolescents in Ethiopia.

Methods
PubMed, HINARI, Science Direct, Psych INFO, Google Scholar, African Journals Online, and cross-referenced were searched to identify relevant articles. Quality appraisal was done using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. Heterogeneity was tested using the I-square statistics. Publication bias was tested using a funnel plot visual inspection. Further, trim and fill analysis was done to correct publication bias.Forest plots and tables were used to present results. The random effect model was used to compute the pooled prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among children and adolescents.

Results
The overall pooled prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among children and adolescents in Ethiopia was 14.2% (95% CI: 8.48, 22.83). Being male (OR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.54; 3.12), being aged 6–11 years (OR: 3.67, 95% CI: 1.98; 6.83), low family socioeconomic status (OR: 3.45 95% CI: 2.17; 5.47), maternal complication during pregnancy (OR: 3.29, 95% CI: 1.97; 5.51) and family history of mental illness (OR: 3.83, 95% CI:2.17; 6.77) were factors associated with a higher odds of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among children and adolescents.

Conclusions
The overall pooled prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among children and adolescents is high in Ethiopia as compared to previous literature. To reduce the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among children and adolescents, emphasis has to be given to prevention, early detection, and management of pregnancy-related complications. Moreover, parents with mental illness should be supported and properly treated to reduce the impact of hostile parenting on their child’s health.

Trial registration
Registered in PROSPERO with ID: CRD42024536334.
Clinician’s perspectives on gene therapy for Alzheimer’s disease: A qualitative study
Authors: Kelemen Lilly , Gupta Ishika , Yavarow Zollie , Smith Samantha I. , Johnson Kim G. , Boucher Nathan A. 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
We aimed to understand clinician views regarding gene therapy as a future treatment for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and potential barriers and facilitators to its use.

Methods
We interviewed ten clinicians who treat patients with AD. Clinicians helped design a semi-structured interview including the following domains: establishing understanding, cost/access, quality of life, and religion/spirituality. Transcripts were analyzed by a coding team using descriptive content analysis with inductive approach.

Results
Clinicians identified three main areas of concern: 1) potential clinician and patient understanding of gene therapy and Alzheimer’s disease 2) consideration of inequity (i.e., care access, disease awareness along with education level, family support, trust in care systems); and 3) considerations in decision-making (i.e., religious/spiritual beliefs and method of treatment delivery as a decision-making tools).

Discussion and conclusion
Findings highlight areas for knowledge-building for patients and clinicians alike. Clinicians must be aware of patient/family educational needs and gaps in their own clinical knowledge before engaging patients/families with new technology. Allowing time for questions is crucial to building rapport and trust.
Bright light increases blood pressure and rate‐pressure product after a single session of aerobic exercise in men
Authors: Oliveira Gustavo F. , Marin Thais C. , Barbosa Julio C. C. L. , Azevêdo Luan M. , Thosar Saurabh S. , Cipolla‐Neto José , Forjaz Claudia L. M. , Brito Leandro C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to test whether bright light (BL) exposure attenuates the reduction in blood pressure (BP) postexercise compared to dim light (DL). Twenty healthy men (27 ± 5 years) randomly underwent two experimental sessions: one under BL (5000 lux) and another under dim light (DL <8lux). In each session, subjects executed a bout of aerobic exercise (cycle ergometer, 30 min, moderate intensity). BP (oscillometric) and heart rate (HR monitor) were measured, and rate‐pressure‐product (RPP) was calculated. Additionally, a 24‐h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was conducted after the sessions. Systolic BP decreased while HR increased significantly and similarly after the exercise in both sessions. Additionally, systolic BP levels were higher in BL than DL throughout the experimental session (Psession = 0.04). Diastolic (Pinteraction = 0.02) and mean (Pinteraction = 0.03) BPs decreased after exercise in DL (at 30 min), and increased in BL (at 60 and 90 min). RPP increased in both sessions postexercise, but with a main effect revealing higher levels throughout the experimental session in BL than DL (Psession = 0.04) and during the first 3 h of ABPM (p = 0.05). In healthy men, BL exposure increased systolic BP and cardiac work, and abolished the postexercise decreases of diastolic and mean BPs.
The key roles of thyroid hormone in mitochondrial regulation, at interface of human health and disease
Authors: Sagliocchi Serena , Restolfer Federica , Cossidente Alessandro , Dentice Monica 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Mitochondria are highly plastic and dynamic organelles long known as the powerhouse of cellular bioenergetics, but also endowed with a critical role in stress responses and homeostasis maintenance, supporting and integrating activities across multifaced cellular processes. As a such, mitochondria dysfunctions are leading causes of a wide range of diseases and pathologies. Thyroid hormones (THs) are endocrine regulators of cellular metabolism, regulating intracellular nutrients fueling of sugars, amino acids and fatty acids. For instance, THs regulate the balance between the anabolism and catabolism of all the macro-molecules, influencing energy homeostasis during different nutritional conditions. Noteworthy, not only most of the TH-dependent metabolic modulations act via the mitochondria, but also THs have been proved to regulate the mitochondrial biosynthesis, dynamics and function. The significance of such an interplay is different in the context of specific tissues and strongly impacts on cellular homeostasis. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of THs-dependent mitochondrial functions and dynamics is required to develop more precise strategies for targeting mitochondrial function. Herein, we describe the mechanisms of TH-dependent metabolic regulation with a focus on mitochondrial action, in different tissue contexts, thus providing new insights for targeted modulation of mitochondrial dynamics.
Pseudomonas fluorescens SP007s enhances defense responses against the soybean bacterial pustule caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines
Authors: Athinuwat Dusit , Thepbandit Wannaporn , Siriwong Supatcharee , Prathuangwong Sutruedee 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A bacterial pustule caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines (Xag) is one of the main diseases of soybeans in Thailand. Beneficial microbes crucial to sustainable plant production were examined in this study. Soybean plants were sprayed with Pseudomonas fluorescens SP007s strain three times before Xag infection. The results showed a significant reduction in bacterial pustule disease severity by up to 85%, increased leaf accumulation of salicylic acid with 134% during the infection process of Xag. Furthermore, the Xag population size in soybean leaves was reduced by priming with SP007s. The mechanism of SP007s in the chemical structure of mesophyll was characterized by using the synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) analysis. The SR-FTIR spectral changes from the mesophyll showed higher integral area groups of polysaccharides (peak of 900–1,200 cm−1). These biochemical changes were involved with the primed resistance of the soybean plants against the bacterial pustule disease as well as the polysaccharide signals that were linked to hypersensitive responses leading to a rapid death of plant cells to effectively restrict the growth of pathogens at the infected site. Therefore, we consider that SP007s can be a promising biocontrol agent by activating immunity of soybean plants.
Potential influence of nitrogen fertilizer rates on yield and yield components of carrot (Dacus carota L.) in Ethiopia: Systematic review
Authors: Gelaye Yohannes , Getahun Sewnet 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Carrot is a significant root crop in Ethiopia but its production faces challenges such as nutrient loss and unfavorable growth conditions, which hinder its productivity. The objective of this review was to evaluate the impact of nitrogen fertilizer rates on carrot yield in Ethiopia. A systematic review using databases like PubMed and Scopus focused on peer-reviewed, English-language studies with quantitative data on nitrogen fertilizer and carrot yield in Ethiopia, excluding non-peer-reviewed articles and those lacking quantitative data or in other languages. Globally, carrot yields are 30–100 tons per hectare, but only 5.5 tons in Ethiopia. Carrots are rich in vitamins A, C, and B, proteins, minerals, and fiber, with vitamin C boosting immunity and aiding in wound healing and allergy management. Meanwhile, vitamin A plays a crucial role in vision, bone growth, immune function, and reproduction. It is a rich source of carotenoids and anthocyanins. The application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly improved carrot yield (root length, fresh weight, and dry weight). In Ethiopia, the use of nitrogen fertilizer affects the marketability and total yield of carrots, with small-scale farmers employing diverse rates for cultivation. Current recommendations suggest 69 kg/ha of phosphorus (P2O5) and 46 kg/ha of nitrogen, but farmers often do not follow these guidelines. In conclusion, optimizing nitrogen fertilizer usage is crucial for enhancing carrot yields among small farmers, underscoring the need for government support to tailor recommendations to local soil conditions and boost productivity.
Independent isomeric yield ratios of fission products in the epi-cadmium neutron-induced fission of 245Cm
Authors: Naik Haladhara , Singh Ram Janam , Dange Srikant Pandurang , Jang Wooyoung 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Independent isomeric yield ratios (IR) of 128,130,132Sb, 131,133Te, 132,134I, 135Xe and 138Cs in the epi-cadmium neutron-induced fission of 245Cm have been measured for the first time by using an off-line gamma-ray spectrometric technique. The average energy of the epi-cadmium neutron spectrum (<E

n
>) is 1.9 MeV. From the IR values, root mean square fragment angular momenta (J
RMS) were deduced by using the spin dependent statistical model analysis. The IR and JRMS values of the fission products from the present work were compared with the literature data in the thermal neutron-induced fission of 245Cm to examine the role of excitation energy. Effect of nuclear structure on J
RMS value was also examined.
Modified formula for estimating the Bowen ratio - description of the determination procedure
Authors: Leśny Jacek , Kuchar Leszek , Panfil Monika 
Published: July 2024

Cel pracyJednym ze sposobów szacowania ewapotranspiracji jest wykorzystanie struktury bilansu cieplnego powierzchni czynnej.Materiał i metodyW pracy pokazano jak wykorzystując dane pomiarowe struktury bilansu cieplnego różnych upraw wyprowadzić wzór szacujący stosunek Bowena, który w kolejnym kroku może posłużyć właśnie do oszacowania ewapotranspiracji. Opisana dwuetapowa metoda w której wpierw wyznacz się empiryczny wskaźnik W, a dopiero w drugim kroku stosunek Bowena. Pozwala to badaczowi graficznie zobaczyć uzyskiwane rezultaty w trakcie poszukiwania dobrego wyniku i wykorzystać proste narzędzia oferowane w arkuszach kalkula-cyjnych.Wyniki i wnioskiUzyskane formuły z dużą dokładnością, w stosunku do zmierzonrgo, pozwalały oszacować ewapotranspirację upraw rolniczych.
Impacto de las urgencias en la atención medica
Authors: De Antioquia Universidad , De Salud Pública Facultad Nacional , Abad Gómez Héctor , Investigaciones Centro de , De Salud de Antioquia Servicio Seccional , Ancón Sur Regional de , Epidemiología Oficina de , San Vicente de Paúl Hospital Universitario , Urgencias Servicio de , Vigilancia Epidemiológica Comité de , Salud Metro 
Published: July 2024

Hace má de una década, los servicios de urgencias de nuestro país y en especial de las ciudades no lograban atender adecuadamente la multitud de casos de diarrea, síndrome respiratorio agudo o desnutrición, causas estas que cobraban gran cantidad de vidad de la población infantil. Entonces se añoraba el desarrollo en espera de mejores condiciones de vida que permitiesen el control de los problemas originados en el saneamiento, aunque se debe reconocer que existía el temor de la llamada transición epidemiológica la cual según Omrhan fuesen en el futuro el cáncer y las enfermedades cardiovasculares las que explicarian la mayoría de las muertes.
Caracterización de la descentralización del sector salud en tres municipios: Itagüí, La Ceja y Balboa.
Authors: Molina M Gloria , Ramírez T Claudia Milena 
Published: July 2024

La descentralización del sector salud implica cambios de orden fiscal, social y administrativo para que los municipios asuman las competencias transferidas por el gobierno central y departamental con lo cual el gobierno municipal es responsable de la salud de la población. Los resultados señalan que a pesar de que Itagüí, La Ceja y Balboa son tres municipios con niveles de desarrollo socioeconómicos muy diferentes, tienen en general avances similares en la implementación de la descentralización y han enfrentado obstáculos tales como la falta de voluntad política de los alcaldes de cada periodo para apoyar el proceso, la falta de capacidad técnica del personal de las direcciones locales de salud, la alta rotación de estos como expresión del clientelismo político y la complejidad de la legislación. El desempeño de los organismos de dirección del sector es bajo y los mecanismos de coordinación entre ellos son diferentes o inexistentes; el sistema de información en salud obtuvo igualmente bajos índices de calidad y efectividad en la toma se decisiones. El aseguramiento en salud es uno delos aspectos que tiene mayor avance y aunque existen una serie de organizaciones comunitarias, estas han tenido muy poca influencia en la toma de decisiones en salud.
Incidencia en salud pública de la globalización del comercio y las inversiones.
Authors: Labonté Ronald , E Restrepo Helena 
Published: July 2024

El tema de la globalización del comercio y los tratados internacionales que lo rigen reviste en la actualidad una importancia muy grande dentro del campo de la salud pública. El profesor Ronald Labonté ha preparado para la Unión Internacional de Promoción y Educación para la Salud (UIPES) varios documentos sobre los efectos que genera en la salud de las poblaciones de países menos desarrollados este movimiento internacional en la regulación de los mercados con ventajas para los países ricos. El presente artículo es una traducción resumida, autorizada por el autor y por la UIPES, de uno de dichos documentos, en el cual se define la posición de ellos previamente a una de las reuniones de la Organización Mundial del Comercio (OMC). Labonté claramente define que no plantea la oposición de a los aspectos positivos del comercio globalizado, siempre y cuando se respete la autonomía de los gobiernos de países pobre y no se atente contra sus recursos naturales respetando la ecología. Se trata de fortalecer, más que debilitar, la capacidad de las naciones en desarrollo para mejorar su posición económica con respecto a las naciones desarrolladas (equidad global)
Nutrición preventiva
Authors: Martínez L Elkin 
Published: July 2024

La alimentación de las personas en la época moderna se ha visto asociada al incremento de diversas patologías crónicas, tales como isquemia coronaria, hipertensión, cáncer, diabetes, cirrosis, osteoporosis, obesidad, etc. Estas enfermedades ocupan hoy los primeros lugares de la mortalidad en el mundo occidental. Las evidencias señalan a las grasas saturadas, el azúcar, la sal y el alcohol, como sustancias cuyo consumo debe moderarse. Las frutas secas, las verduras y los cereales integrales, con su alto contenido en fibra vegetal, vitaminas y antioxidantes, aparecen como una opción deseable para la salud. El soporte epidemiológico disponible sugiere la reeducación poblacional en relación con los hábitos alimentarios y pronostica un marcado beneficio para la salud pública, en caso de lograr una optima aplicación de los programas de nutrición preventiva.