bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequential Self-Folding Structures by 3D Printed Digital Shape Memory Polymers
Authors: Mao Yiqi , Yu Kai , Isakov Michael S. , Wu Jiangtao , Dunn Martin L. , Jerry Qi H. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractFolding is ubiquitous in nature with examples ranging from the formation of cellular components to winged insects. It finds technological applications including packaging of solar cells and space structures, deployable biomedical devices and self-assembling robots and airbags. Here we demonstrate sequential self-folding structures realized by thermal activation of spatially-variable patterns that are 3D printed with digital shape memory polymers, which are digital materials with different shape memory behaviors. The time-dependent behavior of each polymer allows the temporal sequencing of activation when the structure is subjected to a uniform temperature. This is demonstrated via a series of 3D printed structures that respond rapidly to a thermal stimulus and self-fold to specified shapes in controlled shape changing sequences. Measurements of the spatial and temporal nature of self-folding structures are in good agreement with the companion finite element simulations. A simplified reduced-order model is also developed to rapidly and accurately describe the self-folding physics. An important aspect of self-folding is the management of self-collisions, where different portions of the folding structure contact and then block further folding. A metric is developed to predict collisions and is used together with the reduced-order model to design self-folding structures that lock themselves into stable desired configurations.
Peri-implantation lethality in mice carrying megabase-scale deletion on 5qc3.3 is caused by Exoc1 null mutation
Authors: Mizuno Seiya , Takami Kohei , Daitoku Yoko , Tanimoto Yoko , Dinh Tra Thi Huong , Mizuno-Iijima Saori , Hasegawa Yoshikazu , Takahashi Satoru , Sugiyama Fumihiro , Yagami Ken-ichi 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe found a novel spontaneous mouse mutant with depigmentation in the ventral body, which we called White Spotting (WS) mouse. Genetic investigation revealed deletion of a > 1.2-Mb genomic region containing nine genes (Kit, Kdr, Srd5a3, Tmeme165, Clock, Pdcl2, Nmu, Exoc1 and Cep135). We designated this mutant allele KitWS. Interestingly, homozygous mutants (KitWS/WS) showed a peri-implantation lethal phenotype. Expression analyses of these nine genes in blastocysts suggested that Exoc1 was a prime candidate for this phenotype. We produced Exoc1 knockout mice and the same peri-implantation lethal phenotype was seen in Exoc1−/− embryos. In addition, the polygenic effect without Exoc1 was investigated in genome-edited KitWE mice carrying the Mb-scale deletion induced by the CRISPR/Cas9 system. As KitWE/WE embryos did not exhibit the abnormal phenotype, which was seen in KitWS/WS. We concluded that peri-implantation lethality in KitWS/WS was caused by a monogenic defect of Exoc1.
Exploring novel mechanistic insights in Alzheimer’s disease by assessing reliability of protein interactions
Authors: Malhotra Ashutosh , Younesi Erfan , Sahadevan Sudeep , Zimmermann Joerg , Hofmann-Apitius Martin 
Published: September 2015

AbstractProtein interaction networks are widely used in computational biology as a graphical means of representing higher-level systemic functions in a computable form. Although, many algorithms exist that seamlessly collect and measure protein interaction information in network models, they often do not provide novel mechanistic insights using quantitative criteria. Measuring information content and knowledge representation in network models about disease mechanisms becomes crucial particularly when exploring new target candidates in a well-defined functional context of a potential disease mechanism. To this end, we have developed a knowledge-based scoring approach that uses literature-derived protein interaction features to quantify protein interaction confidence. Thereby, we introduce the novel concept of knowledge cliffs, regions of the interaction network where a significant gap between high scoring and low scoring interactions is observed, representing a divide between established and emerging knowledge on disease mechanism. To show the application of this approach, we constructed and assessed reliability of a protein-protein interaction model specific to Alzheimer’s disease, which led to screening and prioritization of four novel protein candidates. Evaluation of the identified candidates showed that two of them are already followed in clinical trials for testing potential AD drugs.
Cooling field and temperature dependent exchange bias in spin glass/ferromagnet bilayers
Authors: Rui W. B. , Hu Y. , Du A. , You B. , Xiao M. W. , Zhang W. , Zhou S. M. , Du J. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe report on the experimental and theoretical studies of cooling field (HFC) and temperature (T) dependent exchange bias (EB) in FexAu1 − x/Fe19Ni81 spin glass (SG)/ferromagnet (FM) bilayers. When x varies from 8% to 14% in the FexAu1 − x SG alloys, with increasing T, a sign-changeable exchange bias field (HE) together with a unimodal distribution of coercivity (HC) are observed. Significantly, increasing in the magnitude of HFC reduces (increases) the value of HE in the negative (positive) region, resulting in the entire HE ∼ T curve to move leftwards and upwards. In the meanwhile, HFC variation has weak effects on HC. By Monte Carlo simulation using a SG/FM vector model, we are able to reproduce such HE dependences on T and HFC for the SG/FM system. Thus this work reveals that the SG/FM bilayer system containing intimately coupled interface, instead of a single SG layer, is responsible for the novel EB properties.
Integrated information storage and transfer with a coherent magnetic device
Authors: Jia Ning , Banchi Leonardo , Bayat Abolfazl , Dong Guangjiong , Bose Sougato 
Published: September 2015

AbstractQuantum systems are inherently dissipation-less, making them excellent candidates even for classical information processing. We propose to use an array of large-spin quantum magnets for realizing a device which has two modes of operation: memory and data-bus. While the weakly interacting low-energy levels are used as memory to store classical information (bits), the high-energy levels strongly interact with neighboring magnets and mediate the spatial movement of information through quantum dynamics. Despite the fact that memory and data-bus require different features, which are usually prerogative of different physical systems – well isolation for the memory cells and strong interactions for the transmission – our proposal avoids the notorious complexity of hybrid structures. The proposed mechanism can be realized with different setups. We specifically show that molecular magnets, as the most promising technology, can implement hundreds of operations within their coherence time, while adatoms on surfaces probed by a scanning tunneling microscope is a future possibility.
Targeted Knockdown of the Kinetochore Protein D40/Knl-1 Inhibits Human Cancer in a p53 Status-Independent Manner
Authors: Urata Yuri N. , Takeshita Fumitaka , Tanaka Hiroki , Ochiya Takahiro , Takimoto Masato 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe D40 gene encodes a kinetochore protein that plays an essential role in kinetochore formation during mitosis. Short inhibitory RNA against D40, D40 siRNA, has been shown to deplete the D40 protein in the human cancer cell line HeLa, which harbors wild-type p53 and this activity was followed by the significant inhibition of cell growth and induction of apoptotic cell death. The p53-null cancer cell line, PC-3M-luc, is also sensitive to the significant growth inhibition and cell death induced by D40 siRNA. The growth of PC-3M-luc tumors transplanted into nude mice was inhibited by the systemic administration of D40 siRNA and the atelocollagen complex. Furthermore, D40 siRNA significantly inhibited growth and induced apoptotic cell death in a cell line with a gain-of-function (GOF) mutation in p53, MDA-MB231-luc and also inhibited the growth of tumors transplanted into mice when administered as a D40 siRNA/atelocollagen complex. These results indicated that D40 siRNA induced apoptotic cell death in human cancer cell lines and inhibited their growth in vitro and in vivo regardless of p53 status. Therefore, D40 siRNA is a potential candidate anti-cancer reagent.
Delivery of Alginate Scaffold Releasing Two Trophic Factors for Spinal Cord Injury Repair
Authors: Grulova I. , Slovinska L. , Blaško J. , Devaux S. , Wisztorski M. , Salzet M. , Fournier I. , Kryukov O. , Cohen S. , Cizkova D. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) has been implicated in neural cell loss and consequently functional motor and sensory impairment. In this study, we propose an alginate -based neurobridge enriched with/without trophic growth factors (GFs) that can be utilized as a therapeutic approach for spinal cord repair. The bioavailability of key GFs, such as Epidermal Growth factor (EGF) and basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) released from injected alginate biomaterial to the central lesion site significantly enhanced the sparing of spinal cord tissue and increased the number of surviving neurons (choline acetyltransferase positive motoneurons) and sensory fibres. In addition, we document enhanced outgrowth of corticospinal tract axons and presence of blood vessels at the central lesion. Tissue proteomics was performed at 3, 7 and 10 days after SCI in rats indicated the presence of anti-inflammatory factors in segments above the central lesion site, whereas in segments below, neurite outgrowth factors, inflammatory cytokines and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan of the lectican protein family were overexpressed. Collectively, based on our data, we confirm that functional recovery was significantly improved in SCI groups receiving alginate scaffold with affinity-bound growth factors (ALG +GFs), compared to SCI animals without biomaterial treatment.
Understanding Mechanical Response of Elastomeric Graphene Networks
Authors: Ni Na , Barg Suelen , Garcia-Tunon Esther , Macul Perez Felipe , Miranda Miriam , Lu Cong , Mattevi Cecilia , Saiz Eduardo 
Published: September 2015

AbstractUltra-light porous networks based on nano-carbon materials (such as graphene or carbon nanotubes) have attracted increasing interest owing to their applications in wide fields from bioengineering to electrochemical devices. However, it is often difficult to translate the properties of nanomaterials to bulk three-dimensional networks with a control of their mechanical properties. In this work, we constructed elastomeric graphene porous networks with well-defined structures by freeze casting and thermal reduction and investigated systematically the effect of key microstructural features. The porous networks made of large reduced graphene oxide flakes (>20 μm) are superelastic and exhibit high energy absorption, showing much enhanced mechanical properties than those with small flakes (<2 μm). A better restoration of the graphitic nature also has a considerable effect. In comparison, microstructural differences, such as the foam architecture or the cell size have smaller or negligible effect on the mechanical response. The recoverability and energy adsorption depend on density with the latter exhibiting a minimum due to the interplay between wall fracture and friction during deformation. These findings suggest that an improvement in the mechanical properties of porous graphene networks significantly depend on the engineering of the graphene flake that controls the property of the cell walls.
Dual response to nest flooding during monsoon in an Indian ant
Authors: Kolay Swetashree , Annagiri Sumana 
Published: September 2015

AbstractFlooding causes destruction of shelter and disruption of activity in animals occupying subterranean nests. To ensure their survival organisms have evolved various responses to combat this problem. In this study we examine the response of an Indian ant, Diacamma indicum, to nest flooding during the monsoon season. Based on characterization of nest location, architecture and the response of these ants to different levels of flooding in their natural habitat as well as in the laboratory, we infer that they exhibit a dual response. On the one hand, the challenges presented by monsoon are dealt with by occupying shallow nests and modifying the entrance with decorations and soil mounds. On the other hand, inundated nests are evacuated and the ants occupy shelters at higher elevations. We conclude that focused studies of the monsoon biology of species that dwell in such climatic conditions may help us appreciate how organisms deal with and adapt to, extreme seasonal changes.
Secreted tyrosine sulfated-eIF5A mediates oxidative stress-induced apoptosis
Authors: Seko Yoshinori , Fujimura Tsutomu , Yao Takako , Taka Hikari , Mineki Reiko , Okumura Ko , Murayama Kimie 
Published: September 2015

AbstractOxidative stress plays a critical role in ischemia/reperfusion-injury, atherosclerosis and aging. It causes cell damage that leads to apoptosis via uncertain mechanisms. Because conditioned medium from cardiac myocytes subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation induces extensive apoptosis of cardiac myocytes under normoxia, we hypothesized that a humoral factor released from the hypoxic/reoxygenated cardiac myocytes mediates apoptosis. We identified an apoptosis-inducing humoral factor in the hypoxia/reoxygenation-conditioned medium. Here, we found that eIF5A undergoes tyrosine sulfation in the trans-Golgi and is rapidly secreted from cardiac myocytes in response to hypoxia/reoxygenation; then, eIF5A induces apoptosis by acting as a pro-apoptotic ligand. The apoptosis of cardiac myocytes induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation or ultraviolet irradiation was suppressed by anti-eIF5A neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in vitro. Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (but not ischemia alone) markedly increased the plasma levels of eIF5A and treatment with anti-eIF5A neutralizing mAbs significantly reduced myocardial injury. These results identify an important, novel specific biomarker and a critical therapeutic target for oxidative stress-induced cell injury.
Geranylgeranylacetone selectively binds to the HSP70 of Helicobacter pylori and alters its coccoid morphology
Authors: Grave Ewa , Yokota Shin-ichi , Yamamoto Soh , Tamura Arisa , Ohtaki-Mizoguchi Takako , Yokota Kenji , Oguma Keiji , Fujiwara Kazuhiko , Ogawa Nobuaki , Okamoto Tomoya , Otaka Michiro , Itoh Hideaki 
Published: September 2015

AbstractGeranylgeranylacetone (GGA) is used to treat patients suffering from peptic ulcers and gastritis. We examined the effect of GGA on Helicobacter pylori, which is a causative factor of gastrointestinal diseases. Previously, we have reported that GGA binds specifically to the molecular chaperone HSP70. In this paper, we report that GGA bounds to H. pylori HSP70 (product of the DnaK gene) with 26-times higher affinity than to human HSP70 and induced large conformational changes as observed from surface plasmon resonance and circular dichroism. Binding of GGA suppressed the activity of the H. pylori chaperone. GGA also altered several characteristics of H. pylori cells. GGA-treated cells elicited enhanced interleukin-8 production by gastric cancer cell lines and potentiated susceptibility to complement as compared to untreated cells. GGA also caused morphological alterations in H. pylori as reflected in fewer coccoid-like cells, suggesting that GGA converts H. pylori to an actively dividing, spiral state (vegetative form) from a non-growing, coccoid state. This morphological conversion by GGA resulted in accelerated growth of H. pylori. These results suggest a model in which GGA sensitizes H. pylori to antibiotic treatment by converting the cells to an actively growing state.
Revealing the nanoparticles aspect ratio in the glass-metal nanocomposites irradiated with femtosecond laser
Authors: Chervinskii S. , Drevinskas R. , Karpov D. V. , Beresna M. , Lipovskii A. A. , Svirko Yu. P. , Kazansky P. G. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe studied a femtosecond laser shaping of silver nanoparticles embedded in soda-lime glass. Comparing experimental absorption spectra with the modeling based on Maxwell Garnett approximation modified for spheroidal inclusions, we obtained the mean aspect ratio of the re-shaped silver nanoparticles as a function of the laser fluence. We demonstrated that under our experimental conditions the spherical shape of silver nanoparticles changed to a prolate spheroid with the aspect ratio as high as 3.5 at the laser fluence of 0.6 J/cm2. The developed approach can be employed to control the anisotropy of the glass-metal composites.
Functional and structural properties of a novel cellulosome-like multienzyme complex: efficient glycoside hydrolysis of water-insoluble 7-xylosyl-10-deacetylpaclitaxel
Authors: Dou Tong-Yi , Luan Hong-Wei , Ge Guang-Bo , Dong Ming-Ming , Zou Han-Fa , He Yu-Qi , Cui Pan , Wang Jia-Yue , Hao Da-Cheng , Yang Shi-Lin , Yang Ling 
Published: September 2015

AbstractCellulosome is a kind of multienzyme complex that displays high activity, selectivity and stability. Here, we report a novel, non-cellulolytic, cellulosome-like multienzyme complex that produced by theCellulosimicrobium cellulanswild-type strain F16 isolated from soil microflora. This multienzyme complex, with excellent catalytic efficiency ofkcat13.2 s−1to remove the C-7 xylosyl group from 7-xylosyl-10-deacetylpaclitaxel (10-DAXP), has an outstanding tolerance against organic solvents and an excellent general stability, with the long half-life of 214 hours. This cellulosome-like multienzyme complex has a novel structure distinct from the well-documented ones. The key catalytic subunit responsible for the β-xylosidase activity against 10-DAXP is identified to be a novel protein, indicating a new glycoside hydrolase (GH) family. The pioneering work described here offers a novel nanoscale biocatalyst for the production of biofuels and chemicals from renewable plant-based natural resources.
Bacterial inhibition potential of 3D rapid-prototyped magnesium-based porous composite scaffolds–an in vitro efficacy study
Authors: Ma Rui , Lai Yu-xiao , Li Long , Tan Hong-lue , Wang Jia-li , Li Ye , Tang Ting-ting , Qin Ling 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBone infections are common in trauma-induced open fractures with bone defects. Therefore, developing anti-infection scaffolds for repairing bone defects is desirable. This study develoepd novel Mg-based porous composite scaffolds with a basal matrix composed of poly(lactic-co-glycolicacid) (PLGA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP). A unique low-temperature rapid prototyping technology was used to fabricate the scaffolds, including PLGA/TCP (PT), PLGA/TCP/5%Mg (PT5M), PLGA/TCP/10%Mg (PT10M) and PLGA/TCP/15%Mg (PT15M). The bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated. The results indicated that the Mg-based scaffolds significantly inhibited bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation compared to PT and the PT10M and PT15M exhibited significantly stronger anti-biofilm ability than PT5M. In vitro degratation tests revealed that the degradation of the Mg-based scaffolds caused an increase of pH, Mg2+ concentration and osmolality and the increased pH may be one of the major contributing factors to the antibacterial function of the Mg-based scaffolds. Additionally, the PT15M exhibited an inhibitory effect on cell adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells. In conclusion, the PLGA/TCP/Mg scaffolds could inhibit bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation and the PT10M scaffold was considered to be an effective composition with considerable antibacterial ability and good cytocompatibility.
Stacked 3D RRAM Array with Graphene/CNT as Edge Electrodes
Authors: Bai Yue , Wu Huaqiang , Wang Kun , Wu Riga , Song Lin , Li Tianyi , Wang Jiangtao , Yu Zhiping , Qian He 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThere are two critical challenges which determine the array density of 3D RRAM: 1) the scaling limit in both horizontal and vertical directions; 2) the integration of selector devices in 3D structure. In this work, we present a novel 3D RRAM structure using low-dimensional materials, including 2D graphene and 1D carbon nanotube (CNT), as the edge electrodes. A two-layer 3D RRAM with monolayer graphene as edge electrode is demonstrated. The electrical results reveal that the RRAM devices could switch normally with this very thin edge electrode at nanometer scale. Meanwhile, benefited from the asymmetric carrier transport induced by Schottky barrier at metal/CNT and oxide/CNT interfaces, a selector built-in 3D RRAM structure using CNT as edge electrode is successfully fabricated and characterized. Furthermore, the discussion of high array density potential is presented.
A unified data representation theory for network visualization, ordering and coarse-graining
Authors: Kovács István A. , Mizsei Réka , Csermely Péter 
Published: September 2015

AbstractRepresentation of large data sets became a key question of many scientific disciplines in the last decade. Several approaches for network visualization, data ordering and coarse-graining accomplished this goal. However, there was no underlying theoretical framework linking these problems. Here we show an elegant, information theoretic data representation approach as a unified solution of network visualization, data ordering and coarse-graining. The optimal representation is the hardest to distinguish from the original data matrix, measured by the relative entropy. The representation of network nodes as probability distributions provides an efficient visualization method and, in one dimension, an ordering of network nodes and edges. Coarse-grained representations of the input network enable both efficient data compression and hierarchical visualization to achieve high quality representations of larger data sets. Our unified data representation theory will help the analysis of extensive data sets, by revealing the large-scale structure of complex networks in a comprehensible form.
Pressure-induced electronic phase separation of magnetism and superconductivity in CrAs
Authors: Khasanov Rustem , Guguchia Zurab , Eremin Ilya , Luetkens Hubertus , Amato Alex , Biswas Pabitra K. , Rüegg Christian , Susner Michael A. , Sefat Athena S. , Zhigadlo Nikolai D. , Morenzoni Elvezio 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe recent discovery of pressure (p) induced superconductivity in the binary helimagnet CrAs has raised questions on how superconductivity emerges from the magnetic state and on the mechanism of the superconducting pairing. In the present work the suppression of magnetism and the occurrence of superconductivity in CrAs were studied by means of muon spin rotation. The magnetism remains bulk up to p "Equation missing" 3.5 kbar while its volume fraction gradually decreases with increasing pressure until it vanishes at p "Equation missing" 7 kbar. At 3.5 kbar superconductivity abruptly appears with its maximum Tc "Equation missing" 1.2 K which decreases upon increasing the pressure. In the intermediate pressure region (3.5 "Equation missing" p "Equation missing" 7 kbar) the superconducting and the magnetic volume fractions are spatially phase separated and compete for phase volume. Our results indicate that the less conductive magnetic phase provides additional carriers (doping) to the superconducting parts of the CrAs sample thus leading to an increase of the transition temperature (Tc) and of the superfluid density (ρs). A scaling of ρs with "Equation missing" as well as the phase separation between magnetism and superconductivity point to a conventional mechanism of the Cooper-pairing in CrAs.