bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assembly and evaluation of an inventory of guidelines that are available to support clinical hematology laboratory practice
Authors: Hayward C. P. M. , Moffat K. A. , George T. I. , Proytcheva M. 
Published: May 2015

SummaryIntroductionPractice guidelines provide helpful support for clinical laboratories. Our goal was to assemble an inventory of publically listed guidelines on hematology laboratory topics, to create a resource for laboratories and for assessing gaps in practice‐focused guidelines.MethodsPubMed and website searches were conducted to assemble an inventory of hematology laboratory‐focused guidelines. Exclusions included annual, technical, or collaborative study reports, clinically focused guidelines, position papers, nomenclature, and calibration documents.ResultsSixty‐eight guidelines were identified on hematology laboratory practice topics from 12 organizations, some as joint guidelines. The median year of publication was 2010 and 15% were >10 years old. Coagulation topics had the largest numbers of guidelines, whereas some areas of practice had few guidelines. A minority of guidelines showed evidence of periodic updates, as some organizations did not remove or identify outdated guidelines.ConclusionsThis inventory of current practice guidelines will encourage awareness and uptake of guideline recommendations by the worldwide hematology laboratory community, with the International Society for Laboratory Hematology facilitating ongoing updates. There is a need to encourage best guideline development practices, to ensure that hematology laboratory community has current, high‐quality, and evidence‐based practice guidelines that cover the full scope of hematology laboratory practice.
Krüppel‐like factor 1: hematologic phenotypes associated with KLF1 gene mutations
Authors: Waye J. S. , Eng B. 
Published: May 2015

SummaryKrüppel‐like factor 1 (KLF1) is a pleiotropic erythroid transcription factor that is essential for hematopoiesis. KLF1 mutations have been associated with severe hematologic disorders, including congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type IV (CDAN4) due to a dominant‐negative missense mutation (c.973G>A, p.Glu325Lys) and transfusion‐dependent hemolytic anemia in compound heterozygotes for loss‐of‐function mutations. In addition, several benign hematologic conditions are due to KLF1 haploinsufficiency. Herein, we review the genotype–phenotype relationship associated with KLF1 mutations and discuss the utility of KLF1 gene testing in laboratory hematology.
Advances in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of multiple myeloma
Authors: Chesi M. , Bergsagel P. L. 
Published: May 2015

SummaryMultiple myeloma (MM) is a tumor of indolent, bone marrow (BM) localized, isotype‐switched plasma cells. Recently, the diagnostic criteria have been amended to include some patients who would previously have been diagnosed with ultra‐high‐risk smoldering MM and benefit from immediate treatment. Genetically it can be divided into tumors with different recurrent immunoglobulin heavy chain gene translocations (4p16, 11q13, 6p21, 16q23, 20q11) and tumors characterized by hyperdiploidy with multiple trisomies. Recent genomic studies have shown that almost half of untreated patients have a genetic rearrangements of the MYC locus that result in juxtaposition of ectopic super‐enhancers adjacent to MYC, as well as somatic mutations that activate the RAS/MAPK pathway (NRAS, KRAS, BRAF, FGFR3). Mutations that result in constitutive activation of the NFkB pathway and that inactivate TP53, CDKN2C, KDM6A, FAM46C, and DIS3 are also recurrent. A major insight from these studies has been the recognition of the high degree of subclonal heterogeneity in MM, which is more frequent in patients with high‐risk genetics. The subclones may alternate in dominance under alternating therapeutic pressure, a phenomenon known as ‘clonal tides’. The identification of marked subclonal heterogeneity argues in those patients for the use of therapeutic strategies to maximize response, and long‐term suppressive therapies to prevent tumor regrowth and development of additional subclones.
The diagnostic and clinical impact of genetics and epigenetics in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Ohgami R. S. , Arber D. A. 
Published: May 2015

SummaryAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a complex disease, for which our understanding of the role of genetic and epigenetic changes has undergone significant advancements. Newer diagnostic and prognostic classifications have increasingly incorporated such information, and novel therapies have been developed to target specific genes, processes, and pathways based on this growing understanding. Given the rapid evolution of this field, it is critical for physicians and translational researchers to have a more in‐depth understanding of this evolving landscape. Here, we review both genetics and epigenetics in acute myeloid leukemia from a practical standpoint.
Effects of anticoagulation on markers of activation of clotting following major orthopedic surgery
Authors: Bern M. M. , Hazel D. , Reilly D. T. , Adcock D. M. , Hou L. 
Published: May 2015

SummaryIntroductionThis study examines makers of activation of clotting following three chemoprophylactic regimens used for prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolic disease (TED) following high‐risk surgery for TED.MethodsPatients having elective primary knee or hip replacement surgery received variable dose warfarin (target international normalized ratios 2.0–2.5), 1 mg warfarin daily starting 7 days preoperatively or aspirin 325 mg daily starting on the day of surgery. Twelve patients in each group were treated for 28 ± 2 days. Thrombin–antithrombin (T‐AT) and prothrombin fragment F1 + 2 were measured at baseline and postoperative days 3 and 28 ± 2.ResultsThrombin–antithrombin and F1 + 2 on postoperative day 3 were equal for the study groups. By days 28 ± 2, variable dose warfarin therapy group suppressed production of F1 + 2 (P = 0.002) with no difference in the T‐AT accumulation. F1 + 2 for other patients overlapped the normal range.ConclusionThe signals of activated clotting following surgery did not differentiate the three regimens on postoperative day 3. Variable dose warfarin was associated with suppression of F1 + 2 after 1 month of therapy, with no effect on accumulation of T‐AT. Fixed low‐dose warfarin started 7 days prior to surgery and aspirin are not inferior on postoperative day 3, but appear to be inferior over a longer treatment.
The dark side of computer‐mediated control
Authors: Vieira da Cunha João , Carugati Andrea , Leclercq‐Vandelannoitte Aurelie 
Published: May 2015

AbstractResearch on the dark side of computer‐mediated control has explained the consequences of computer‐mediated control when work is tightly coupled with its electronic representation because information systems record work automatically. Our study complements prior research by addressing the dark side of computer‐mediated control when work and its electronic representation are loosely coupled, because it is employees who report their work in IT systems. Data from a 15‐month ethnographic study of the appropriation of a customer relationship management system in the sales department of a large organization reveal that loosely versus tightly coupled computer‐mediated control produce key differences that re‐specify the dark side of computer‐mediated control.
Studies on the Stability of Fermented Milk Beverage by the Addition of Whey Protein Concentrate
Authors: Li Yan Hua , He Shan Shan , Meng Yue Cheng , Chen Jie , Wang Wei Jun 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWhey protein concentrate (WPC) was widely used in fermented milk beverage (FMB). The effects of different contents and addition time of WPC on particle size, ζ‐potential, surface hydrophobicity, microstructure and rheological properties of FMB were investigated. When WPC was added and fermented in FMB, the particle size and microstructure had little change, while ζ‐potential decreased and surface hydrophobicity increased gradually during acidification. However, when WPC was added after fermentation, the process of acidification caused a pronounced alteration in the stability of FMB. It was also shown that FMB with WPC added after fermentation was pseudoplastic. The consistency coefficient decreased and the flow behavior index increased when the content of WPC increased in the FMB system fermented with WPC during acidification. These results could have important theoretical and practical implications in the addition of WPC based on FMB.Practical ApplicationsThis study investigated the effects of different contents and addition time of whey protein concentrate (WPC) in fermented milk beverage (FMB) on particle size, ζ‐potential, surface hydrophobicity, microstructure and rheological properties. The information on the stability of FMB when WPC was added could shed light on the technological application and reduce the business costs. The research on the properties of FMB via adding WPC would provide a theoretical basis and technical guidance for production.
Carbetocin versus intra‐umbilical oxytocin in the management of retained placenta: A randomized clinical study
Authors: Elfayomy Amr K. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAimThis study aimed to compare the hemodynamic profile and efficacy of carbetocin versus intra‐umbilical oxytocin in the management of retained placenta following vaginal delivery.Material and MethodsIn this randomized clinical study, women with retained placenta for more than 30 min were assigned to receive either an i.v. bolus of 100‐µg carbetocin (n = 38) or an intra‐umbilical vein injection of 50 IU oxytocin in 30 mL saline (n = 40). The main parameters evaluated were the success rate for expulsion of the placenta and the effects of these drugs on maternal blood pressure.ResultsThe success rate in the carbetocin group was 86.84% compared to 77.5% in the intra‐umbilical oxytocin group. Notably, 57.7% of the participants had prior induction of labor or augmentation during labor. There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding the estimated blood loss, drop of hemoglobin within the first 48 h, additional uterotonic injection or the need for manual removal of the placenta. Systolic blood pressure was significantly lower in the intra‐umbilical oxytocin group at 30 and 60 min after injection (P = 0.008, 0.026, respectively). Nonetheless, diastolic blood pressure was significantly lower in the intra‐umbilical oxytocin group than in the carbetocin group at 30 min (P = 0.036).ConclusionA single i.v. bolus of carbetocin and umbilical vein injection of 50 IU oxytocin are similarly effective in reducing the need for manual removal of the placenta. Carbetocin seems to have an acceptable hemodynamic safety profile and can be used as an alternative choice to the conventional oxytocic agents in the management of retained placenta.
Primary cervical choriocarcinoma during viable intrauterine pregnancy
Authors: Park Minyoung , Han Seung‐su , Lee Eun‐ju , Byon Mina , Kim Mi‐young , Kim Mi‐kyung , Kim Gwang Jun 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA 31‐year‐old multigravida woman at 27 weeks’ gestation was admitted with vaginal bleeding and a hypervascular mass near the cervix on ultrasonography. After discharge with improvement, she was readmitted the next day for uncontrolled, heavy vaginal bleeding and underwent emergency cesarean section at 29 weeks’ gestation. A 3‐cm friable mass found near the cervix was removed surgically; this lesion was shown to be primary cervical choriocarcinoma. On the 17th postoperative day the patient underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with preservation of both ovaries and biopsy was performed on the right ovary. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage was I and her World Health Organization prognostic score was 9, representing high risk. The patient received three rounds of chemotherapy until achieving three consecutive normal human chorionic gonadotropin levels with two additional courses to address risk of relapse. DNA genotyping on short tandem repeat polymorphism confirmed the gestational choriocarcinoma.
Influence of surgical orthodontic treatment on masticatory function in skeletal Class III patients
Authors: Kubota T. , Yagi T. , Tomonari H. , Ikemori T. , Miyawaki S. 
Published: May 2015

SummarySkeletal Class III patients exhibit malocclusion characterised by Angle Class III and anterior crossbite, and their occlusion shows total or partially lateral crossbite of the posterior teeth. Most patients exhibit lower bite force and muscle activity than non‐affected subjects. While orthognathic surgery may help improve masticatory function in these patients, its effects have not been fully elucidated. The aims of the study were to evaluate jaw movement and the electromyographic (EMG) activity of masticatory muscles before and after orthognathic treatment in skeletal Class III patients in comparison with control subjects with normal occlusion. Jaw movement variables and EMG data were recorded in 14 female patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and 15 female controls with good occlusion. Significant changes in jaw movement, from a chopping to a grinding pattern, were observed after orthognathic treatment (closing angle P < 0·01; cycle width P < 0·01), rendering jaw movement in the patient group similar to that of the control group. However, the grinding pattern in the patient group was not as broad as that of controls. The activity indexes, indicating the relative contributions of the masseter and temporalis muscles (where a negative value corresponds to relatively more temporalis activity and vice versa) changed from negative to positive after treatment (P < 0·05), becoming similar to those of control subjects. Our findings suggest that orthognathic treatment in skeletal Class III patients improves the masticatory chewing pattern and muscle activity. However, the chewing pattern remains incomplete compared with controls.
Detection and Sequence Analysis of Grapevine Leafroll‐Associated Virus 2 Isolates from China
Authors: Fan Xudong , Dong Yafeng , Zhang Zun ping , Ren Fang , Hu Guojun , Zhou Jun 
Published: May 2015

AbstractSeveral grapevine leafroll‐associated viruses (GLRaVs) have been found frequently in grapevines behaving GLD. Among them, GLRaV‐2 is the only one belonging to Closterovirus, and mainly induces leafroll symptoms and graft incompatibility. In this study, new degenerate primer pairs designed against the HSP70 gene were applied in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nested PCR (nPCR) to detect GLRaV‐2 in 132 samples collected from 14 provinces and regions of China. Of the samples, 51.5% were infected with GLRaV‐2, and most did not exhibit GLD symptoms. Some popular grape cultivars had a high incidence of GLRaV‐2 infection, such as Cabernet Sauvignon (92.3%), Chardonnay (80%), Red Globe (75%) and Italian Riesling (73.7%). ‘Beta’ rootstocks, previously identified as negative samples, were also found to be highly infected with GLRaV‐2 (50%). GLRaV‐2 isolates obtained in this study showed identities ranging from 68.9% to 100% and 76.47% to 100.0% at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on the HSP70 gene showed that all GLRaV‐2 isolates in China belong to three of five reported phylogenetic groups. Different variants belonging to the PN and RG groups were present in a single isolate. The results showed that the new degenerate primer pairs could detect more GLRaV‐2 isolates than the previously reported primers. This is the first detailed report on the prevalence and gene diversity of GLRaV‐2 in China and also provides an nPCR method to improve the sensitivity of PCR as an alternative method when no real‐time PCR device is available.
Readiness Enhancement Management Strategies (REMS): a proof of concept and evaluation feasibility study of staff training to improve service engagement by people with personality difficulties
Authors: Clarke M. , Jinks M. , McMurran M. 
Published: May 2015

Accessible summary
One third of people diagnosed with PD do not complete treatment and non‐completion is associated with poorer clinical outcomes.
Equipping staff to be better able to engage this client group is important, and web‐based, self‐directed learning is a potentially cost‐effective way to train staff.
This study examined the implementation of a web‐based training programme called Readiness Enhancement Management Strategies (REMS) in three types of service.
Completion rates were 94.4% in community health services; 92.3% in prison offender health services; and 46.5% in probation services. Staff found the content of REMS acceptable and useful.
This study demonstrated that staff in NHS and criminal justice settings can complete REMS, but staff in probation services are challenged by time pressures and limited computer access. Staff at probation sites were less familiar with PD issues compared with the NHS staff.
AbstractA web‐based staff training programme called Readiness Enhancement Management Strategies (REMS) was developed to promote the engagement of people with personality difficulties in treatment. This ‘proof of concept’ study examined the REMS implementation process, its acceptability and the feasibility of using service data for future evaluation. Staff in six services working with people diagnosed with personality disorder or undiagnosed people with personality difficulties were eligible to participate: two community health services, two prison offender health services and two probation services. Of 92 eligible staff, 74 were available to undertake REMS. These staff completed knowledge and acceptability surveys and rated service user engagement with treatment. The proportion of treatment sessions attended by service users was collected for a 30‐week period. REMS completion rates were community – 94.4%, prison – 92.3% and probation – 46.5%. Three quarters of participants rated REMS as 7 out of 10 or higher. All teams were able to provide service data for the study period. REMS can be implemented by National Health Services (NHS) staff in community and prison settings, but technology issues need to be resolved in probation services. REMS may be useful for NHS staff working with difficult to engage clients, and an evaluation is a feasible prospect.
Phylogeny and subgeneric classification of Bouteloua with a new species, B. herrera‐arrietae (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae: Boutelouinae)
Authors: Peterson Paul M. , Romaschenko Konstantin , Arrieta Yolanda Herrera 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBouteloua (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae; Boutelouiane) is an important genus of forage grasses containing 60 species found primarily in the Americas with a center of diversity in northern Mexico. A modern subgeneric classification is lacking. The goals of our study were to reconstruct the evolutionary history among the species of Bouteloua using molecular data with increased species sampling compared to previous studies. A phylogenetic analysis was conducted on 209 samples, of which 59 species (206 individuals) were in Bouteloua, using two plastid (rpl32‐trnL spacer and rps16‐trnK spacer) and nuclear ITS 1&2 (ribosomal internal transcribed spacer) sequences to infer evolutionary relationships and produce a subgeneric classification. Overall, ITS and plastid phylogenies rendered similar patterns. However, the ITS phylogeny lacked backbone structure, recovering only four internal clades out of nine found in the plastid phylogeny. The ITS network shows a radiative evolutionary pattern and indicates a number of incompatible splits, suggesting past hybridization between species of different sections. The maximum‐likelihood tree from the combined plastid and ITS regions is well resolved and depicts a strongly supported monophyletic Bouteloua that includes ten strongly supported clades and one moderately supported clade. The molecular results support the recognition of 10 sections and two subsections within Bouteloua s.l.; three sections are new: Barbata, Hirsuta, and Trifida; four sections are new combinations: Buchloe, Cyclostachya, Opizia, and Triplathera; and two subsections are new: Eriopoda and Hirsuta. Based on our molecular results and the possession of unique morphological characters we describe a new species from Nuevo León, Bouteloua herrera‐arrietae.
Coalescent methods for estimating species trees from phylogenomic data
Authors: Liu Liang , Wu Shaoyuan , Yu Lili 
Published: May 2015

AbstractGenome‐scale sequence data have become increasingly available in the phylogenetic studies for understanding the evolutionary histories of species. However, it is challenging to develop probabilistic models to account for heterogeneity of phylogenomic data. The multispecies coalescent model describes gene trees as independent random variables generated from a coalescence process occurring along the lineages of the species tree. Since the multispecies coalescent model allows gene trees to vary across genes, coalescent‐based methods have been popularly used to account for heterogeneous gene trees in phylogenomic data analysis. In this paper, we summarize and evaluate the performance of coalescent‐based methods for estimating species trees from genome‐scale sequence data. We investigate the effects of deep coalescence and mutation on the performance of species tree estimation methods. We found that the coalescent‐based methods perform well in estimating species trees for a large number of genes, regardless of the degree of deep coalescence and mutation. The performance of the coalescent methods is negatively correlated with the lengths of internal branches of the species tree.
Factors associated with serum soluble inhibitors of Wnt‐β‐catenin signaling (sclerostin and dickkopf‐1) in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Yamada Shunsuke , Tsuruya Kazuhiko , Tokumoto Masanori , Yoshida Hisako , Ooboshi Hiroaki , Kitazono Takanari 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAimSclerostin and dickkopf‐1 (Dkk‐1) are soluble inhibitors of Wnt‐β‐catenin signaling and are involved in decreased bone formation and bone volume in patients with various bone diseases. The clinical characteristics of sclerostin and Dkk‐1 and their impacts on mineral and bone metabolism remain undetermined in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study investigated the association between serum sclerostin and Dkk‐1 levels and mineral disorders in 74 outpatients under PD treatment. Levels of sclerostin and Dkk‐1 in serum, urine, and peritoneal dialysate were determined using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kits. The associations between serum sclerostin and Dkk‐1 levels and biochemical parameters were evaluated by linear regression analyses.ResultsMedian serum sclerostin and Dkk‐1 levels were 138 pmol/L (range, 98.3–195.9 pmol/L) and 38.8 pmol/L (range, 28.5–47.1 pmol/L), respectively. Both sclerostin and Dkk‐1 were excreted into urine and peritoneal dialysate. Multivariable linear regression analyses showed that serum sclerostin level was significantly associated with age, sex, parathyroid hormone level, and renal Kt/V. In contrast, serum Dkk‐1 level was associated with platelet count and serum fibroblast growth factor 23 level but not with any of the bone metabolic markers.ConclusionSerum sclerostin was associated with serum intact parathyroid hormone, while Dkk‐1 was associated with serum fibroblast growth factor 23 in patients undergoing PD. The utility of determining soluble Wnt‐β‐catenin inhibitors levels in patients undergoing PD requires further investigation.