bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le serpent contre la tortue. portraits post-sellarsiens de Hegel en « grand adversaire de ‘l'immédiateté' »
Authors: Tinland Olivier 
Published: December 2012

Résumé Les références de Wilfrid Sellars à Hegel dans Empirisme et philosophie de l’esprit sont aussi célèbres qu’allusives. Les héritiers de Sellars, menant campagne contre le « mythe du donné », ont souvent tenté de préciser les contours de cette interprétation de Hegel comme « grand adversaire de ‘l’immédiateté’ ». Dans le présent article, je me propose de présenter deux tentatives majeures d’interprétation post-sellarsienne de Hegel : celles de Richard Rorty et Robert Brandom. Tandis que Rorty opère une « kuhnianisation » de Hegel pour en faire, une fois son idéalisme mis de côté, l’incarnation du narrateur ironiste et historiciste des grands changements de vocabulaires du monde occidental, Brandom assume quant à lui jusqu’à un certain point l’idéalisme de Hegel en en reformulant les thèses principales conformément aux postulats de sa pragmatique inférentialiste. Dans cette perspective, la normativité rationnelle est considérée comme un ensemble de pratiques sociales d’engagements et d’autorisations inférentiels enchâssées dans des rapports de reconnaissance. Toutefois, aucun des deux penseurs ne parvient à articuler de manière satisfaisante les deux plans dont Hegel puis Sellars ont mis en évidence l’étroite solidarité : l’intersubjectivité de l’échange de raisons et l’objectivité des institutions sociales.
Revenir aux sensations mêmes
Authors: Roux Jeanne-Marie 
Published: December 2012

Résumé Cet article se propose de préciser la portée exacte de la critique sellarsienne du mythe du donné quant aux rapports entre science et perception, et ce à la lumière d’une confrontation avec la phénoménologie et, plus précisément, avec la manière dont Merleau-Ponty traite de leurs relations. Si Sellars nie bien dans Empirisme et philosophie de l’esprit que la perception puisse jouer aucun rôle fondationnel pour la science, s’il semble dans certains textes penser que la science doit se constituer indépendamment de toute référence à l’expérience perceptuelle, apparaît pourtant dans sa philosophie l’idée d’une référence du langage – et donc du langage scientifique – au perçu, constitué pour lui de sensations. Or cette idée, si elle ne prend dans sa philosophie qu’une place relativement marginale, nous semble pourtant fondamentale pour y assurer le lien de la science au réel, et rendre possible par là même la résolution d’un problème qui constitua l’un des fils rouges de la pensée sellarsienne : l’intégration de la nature qualitative de l’expérience dans la science moderne.
Les sciences régionales au Québec : une régiologie particulière
Authors: Vermot-Desroches Bernard 
Published: December 2012

Au Québec, les sciences régionales comme bien d’autres disciplines chevauchent en permanence, de façon évolutive, constructive et réciproque le savoir et le concret. On vit une symbiose originale entre la théorie et le réel. Cet article dresse la toile de fond dans laquelle cette discipline évolue au Québec depuis la fin des années 1950. Il tente de mettre en évidence les éléments qui distinguent les sciences régionales du Québec des sciences régionales plus conventionnelles de la communauté scientifique internationale. Quelques comparaisons sont envisagées. Une revue historique montre comment cette symbiose a su imposer des diagnostiques, des traitements et donc des politiques qui à leur tour peuvent dégager des idées et des modèles. Beaucoup d’exemples montrent comment ce mariage entre le concret et la théorie a permis de construire rationnellement les sciences régionales qui par nature ont toujours cherché à demeurer transparentes et utiles pour la province.
L'émergence et l'évolution des études et science régionales au Québec (1908-2008) Des liens et des lieux
Authors: Lafontaine Danielle 
Published: December 2012

Le texte analyse l’émergence et l’évolution, entre 1908 et 2008, des études et science régionales et du développement régional et territorial francophones au Québec (Canada). Six configurations ont été identifiées. L’analyse spectrale proposée met en évidence des continuités, des changements, des débats et des tensions. Un champ scientifique a progressivement émergé et peut être caractérisé par un ensemble d’informations reliées à propos de problèmes considérés importants durant toute la période : les variations de la distribution des populations et des ressources et la question des liens entre les populations et les systèmes écologiques, sociaux et économiques. En revisitant des publications issues de groupes de chercheurs rattachés à des communautés linguistiques et sociales, les groupes de chercheurs et praticiens peuvent envisager de nouvelles pistes pour poser et résoudre des problèmes.
La Géographie des comportements d'innovation au Québec : des territoires « européens » aux accessibilités « canadiennes » ?
Authors: Shearmur Richard 
Published: December 2012

La géographie de l’innovation est souvent abordée par le biais du rapport au territoire. Or, des recherches portant sur le Québec montrent que la propension à innover varie selon la distance aux centres urbains. Cet article propose une discussion, puis une analyse empirique, de la variation géographique des comportements d’innovation des entreprises manufacturières québécoises. Un questionnement sous-jacent à cette analyse concerne la possibilité que certaines idées, concepts ou approches en sciences régionales diffèrent entre le Canada et l’Europe. Les résultats montrent que les comportements d’innovation varient à la fois spatialement (selon l’accessibilité aux interlocuteurs), mais aussi selon le territoire. Seules les collaborations avec des partenaires privés ne reflètent aucun patron géographique. Il en ressort que les concepts utilisés – territoires finis ou distances continues - seraient communs au Canada et à l’Europe, mais que l’orientation des recherches empiriques – et donc les questions posées – seraient influencées par les particularités locales.
L'aménagement du territoire au Québec, le parent pauvre des sciences régionales
Authors: Beaudet Gérard , Meloche Jean-Philippe 
Published: December 2012

Bien que jouissant en apparence d’un statut enviable, l’aménagement du territoire arrive difficilement à répondre aux grands défis auxquels le Québec est confronté. Confiné à l’échelle locale de la planification depuis la fin des années 1970, il peut être assimilé à un exercice de macro zonage que relaient les plans et les réglementations d’urbanisme des municipalités locales. Cela explique en partie le désintérêt des sciences régionales à son égard. La transformation en cours de la géographie économique et la mobilisation de certains attributs de l’espace à des fins de requalification et de redynamisation des territoires semblent toutefois justifier un regain d’intérêt pour l’aménagement du territoire, aussi bien en tant que pratique que d’objet scientifique.
Géopolitique de l'antidrogue : concurrence et coopération russo-américaines en Asie centrale
Authors: Carcanague Samuel 
Published: December 2012

Résumé Depuis une décennie maintenant, la Russie mène une lutte acharnée contre le trafic d’opium provenant d’Afghanistan. Outre les conséquences dramatiques que la consommation d’opiacés provoque au sein des populations russes, leur trafic est un facteur important de déstabilisation en Asie centrale : montée en puissance des organisations criminelles, corruption, financement de mouvements extrémistes. Tout cela inquiète fortement le Kremlin, que la perspective de retrait des troupes internationales en Afghanistan ne rassure guère sur la question. Mais si cette lutte contre le trafic de drogue s’avère absolument nécessaire, elle n’est pas exempte de considérations géopolitiques, notamment face aux États-Unis qui souhaiteraient pouvoir rester influents dans la région.
Developing Geophysical Constraints on the History of the Amerasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Coakley Bernard , Ilhan Ibrahim 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
The Chukchi Edges project was designed to establish the relationship betweenthe Chukchi Shelf and Borderland and indirectly test theories of opening forthe Canada Basin. During this cruise, ~5300 km of 2D multi-channel seismicprofiles and other geophysical measurements (swath bathymetry, gravity, magnetics, sonobuoy refraction seismic) were collected from the RV Marcus G. Langseth across the transition between the Chukchi Shelf and ChukchiBorderland.
These profiles reveal extended basins separated by faulted high-standingblocks. Basin stratigraphy can be subdivided on the basis of gross stratalgeometry, reflection terminations and inferred unconformities. The wedge-shapedsynrift sequences terminate against the basement highs and/or major faults, burying the basement topography. The inferred postrift seismic units are morenearly tabular, but thicken locally due to compaction of underlying synriftsediments.
Reflection character is dominated by alternating high and low amplitudecontinuous reflectors which may be consistent with pelagic or turbiditesediments. Chaotic units are also observed, which may indicate mass-flowdeposits. The truncated sediments over the basement highs of the Chukchi Shelf, Chukchi Plateau and Northwind Ridge suggest major erosion due both to glacialplanation and earlier erosional events perhaps associated with basement upliftprior to or during rifting and extension.
It is believed that the bulk of the synrift sediments are Mesozoic in age. Certainly Cenozoic sediments are also preserved in these basins, but theposition of the boundary is uncertain. Locally, continuous reflectors areobserved underlying the rift basin fill. These older units, of very uncertainage, would, if sampled, provide constraint on the history and affinities of theChukchi Borderland.
In addition to the extensional basins, a number of small symmetric basinsare observed on the flanks of the Chukchi Plateau. These basins may betranstensional and argue for a 2nd phase of tectonism, which overprinted theobvious extensional fabric of the Borderland. This is supported by theobservation of uplifted postrift sediments on the flanks of some of theintermedial basement highs. Understanding the timing, distribution and extentof these two phases of tectonism, relative to the known history of N-Sextension on the Chukchi shelf and the apparent orthogonal extension observedon the Beaufort Shelf will further constrain the unknown history of the CanadaBasin.
IFN-γ from CD4 T Cells Is Essential for Host Survival and Enhances CD8 T Cell Function during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Authors: Green Angela M. , DiFazio Robert , Flynn JoAnne L. 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
IFN-γ is necessary in both humans and mice for control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. CD4 T cells are a significant source of IFN-γ during acute infection in mice and are required for control of bacterial growth and host survival. However, several other types of cells can and do produce IFN-γ during the course of the infection. We sought to determine whether IFN-γ from sources other than CD4 T cells was sufficient to control M. tuberculosis infection and whether CD4 T cells had a role in addition to IFN-γ production. To investigate the role of IFN-γ from CD4 T cells, a murine adoptive transfer model was developed in which all cells were capable of producing IFN-γ, with the exception of CD4 T cells. Our data in this system support that CD4 T cells are essential for control of infection, but also that IFN-γ from CD4 T cells is necessary for host survival and optimal long-term control of bacterial burden. In addition, IFN-γ from CD4 T cells was required for a robust CD8 T cell response. IFN-γ from T cells inhibited intracellular replication of M. tuberculosis in macrophages, suggesting IFN-γ may be necessary for intracellular bactericidal activity. Thus, although CD4 T cells play additional roles in the control of M. tuberculosis infection, IFN-γ is a major function by which these cells participate in resistance to tuberculosis.
Increasing Viral Dose Causes a Reversal in CD8+ T Cell Immunodominance during Primary Influenza Infection due to Differences in Antigen Presentation, T Cell Avidity, and Precursor Numbers
Authors: Luciani Fabio , Sanders Megan T. , Oveissi Sara , Pang Ken C. , Chen Weisan 
Published: December 2012

AbstractT cell responses are characterized by the phenomenon of immunodominance (ID), whereby peptide-specific T cells are elicited in a reproducible hierarchy of dominant and subdominant responses. However, the mechanisms that give rise to ID are not well understood. We investigated the effect of viral dose on primary CD8+ T cell (TCD8+) ID by injecting mice i.p. with various doses of influenza A virus and assessing the primary TCD8+ response to five dominant and subdominant peptides. Increasing viral dose enhanced the overall strength of the TCD8+ response, and it altered the ID hierarchy: specifically, NP366–374 TCD8+ were dominant at low viral doses but were supplanted by PA224–233 TCD8+ at high doses. To understand the basis for this reversal, we mathematically modeled these TCD8+ responses and used Bayesian statistics to obtain estimates for Ag presentation, TCD8+ precursor numbers, and avidity. Interestingly, at low viral doses, Ag presentation most critically shaped ID hierarchy, enabling TCD8+ specific to the more abundantly presented NP366–374 to dominate. By comparison, at high viral doses, TCD8+ avidity and precursor numbers appeared to be the major influences on ID hierarchy, resulting in PA224–233 TCD8+ usurping NP366–374 cells as the result of higher avidity and precursor numbers. These results demonstrate that the nature of primary TCD8+ responses to influenza A virus is highly influenced by Ag dose, which, in turn, determines the relative importance of Ag presentation, TCD8+ avidity, and precursor numbers in shaping the ID hierarchy. These findings provide valuable insights for future TCD8+-based vaccination strategies.
Early IL-17 Production by Intrahepatic T Cells Is Important for Adaptive Immune Responses in Viral Hepatitis
Authors: Hou Lifei , Jie Zuliang , Desai Mayura , Liang Yuejin , Soong Lynn , Wang Tian , Sun Jiaren 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the interactions among the innate and adaptive immune components of the liver parenchyma during acute viral hepatitis. Mice were i.v. infected with a recombinant adenovirus, and within the first 24 h of infection, we found a transient but significant accumulation of IL-17 and IL-23 in the liver. In vivo neutralization of these interleukins alleviated the liver injury. Further investigations showed that IL-17 neutralization halted the intrahepatic accumulation of CTLs and Th1 cells. A majority of the IL-17–producing cells in the liver were γδ T cells. Additionally, intrahepatic IL-17+ γδ T cells, but not the IFN-γ+ ones, preferentially expressed IL-7Rα (CD127) on their surface, which coincided with an elevation of hepatocyte-derived IL-7 at 12 h postinfection. IL-7Rα blockade in vivo severely impeded the expansion of IL-17–producing cells after viral infection. In vitro, IL-7 synergized with IL-23 and directly stimulated IL-17 production from γδ T cells in response to TCRγδ stimulation. Finally, type I IFN (IFN-I) signaling was found to be critical for hepatic IL-7 induction. Collectively, these results showed that the IFN-I/IL-7/IL-17 cascade was important in priming T cell responses in the liver. Moreover, the highly coordinated cross talk among hepatocytes and innate and adaptive immune cells played a critical role in anti-viral immunity in hepatitis.
Insight into the Sharing of Medical Images
Authors: Ge Y. , Nguyen H.T. , Arcury T.A. , Johnson A.J. , Hwang W. , Gage H.D. , Reynolds T. , Carr J.J. , Sandberg J.C. 
Published: December 2012

SummaryBackground: Scant knowledge exists describing health care providers’ and staffs’ experiences sharing imaging studies. Additional research is needed to determine the extent to which imaging studies are shared in diverse health care settings, and the extent to which provider or practice characteristics are associated with barriers to viewing external imaging studies on portable media.Objective: This analysis uses qualitative data to 1) examine how providers and their staff accessed outside medical imaging studies, 2) examine whether use or the desire to use imaging studies conducted at outside facilities varied by provider specialty or location (urban, suburban, and small town) and 3) delineate difficulties experienced by providers or staff as they attempted to view and use imaging studies available on portable media.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 85 health care providers and medical facility staff from urban, suburban, and small town medical practices in North Carolina and Virginia. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, then systematically analyzed using ATLAS.ti.Results: Physicians at family and pediatric medicine practices rely primarily on written reports for medical studies other than X-rays; and thus do not report difficulties accessing outside imaging studies. Subspecialists in urban, suburban, and small towns view imaging studies through internal communication systems, internet portals, or portable media. Many subspecialists and their staff report experiencing difficulty and time delays in accessing and using imaging studies on portable media.Conclusion: Subspecialists have distinct needs for viewing imaging studies that are not shared by typical primary care providers. As development and implementation of technical strategies to share medical records continue, this variation in need and use should be noted. The sharing and viewing of medical imaging studies on portable media is often inefficient and fails to meet the needs of many subspeciality physicians, and can lead to repeated imaging studies.Citation: Sandberg JC, Ge Y, Nguyen HT, Arcury TA, Johnson AJ, Hwang W, Gage HD, Reynolds T, Carr JJ. Insight into the sharing of medical images. Physician, other health care providers, and staff experience in a variety of medical settings. Appl Clin Inf 2012; 3: 475–487http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2012-06-RA-0022
Use of more than one electronic medical record system within a single health care organization
Authors: Fellner J. , Dugowson C. , Liebovitz D. , Fletcher G. , Payne T. 
Published: December 2012

SummaryHealthcare organizations vary in the number of electronic medical record (EMR) systems they use. Some use a single EMR for nearly all care they provide, while others use EMRs from more than one vendor. These strategies create a mixture of advantages, risks and costs. Based on our experience in two organizations over a decade, we analyzed use of more than one EMR within our two health care organizations to identify advantages, risks and costs that use of more than one EMR presents. We identified the data and functionality types that pose the greatest challenge to patient safety and efficiency. We present a model to classify patterns of use of more than one EMR within a single healthcare organization, and identified the most important 28 data types and 4 areas of functionality that in our experience present special challenges and safety risks with use of more than one EMR within a single healthcare organization. The use of more than one EMR in a single organization may be the chosen approach for many reasons, but in our organizations the limitations of this approach have also become clear. Those who use and support EMRs realize that to safely and efficiently use more than one EMR, a considerable amount of IT work is necessary. Thorough understanding of the challenges in using more than one EMR is an important prerequisite to minimizing the risks of using more than one EMR to care for patients in a single healthcare organization.
Citation: Payne T, Fellner J, Dugowson C, Liebovitz D, Fletcher G. Use of more than one electronic medical record system within a single health care organization. Appl Clin Inf 2012; 3: 462–474http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2012-10-RA-0040
Why Obstetric Patients are admitted to Intensive Care Unit? A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ghike Sunita , Asegaonkar Prashant 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACT
Pregnant women are often young and in their reproductive years. In majority of them, pregnancy and labor usually progresses uneventfully. Sudden complications occurring during this period may lead to maternal mortality. Though obstetric admission forms a small proportion of ICU admission, mortality among them is high. Proper antenatal care is still the mainstay of preventing complications in pregnant woman. This study was conducted to evaluate the obstetric admission to intensive care unit and causes and outcome of them. Two years retrospective review of all the obstetric admissions (Antenatal and postnatal up to 6 weeks post delivery) were done. Total number of patients admitted to ICU in this period, total number of deliveries in study period and total obstetric patients admitted to ICU were noted. The data included demographic details, obstetric history, indications for ICU admission, pre-existing medical illness and pregnancy complications necessitating ICU admissions. Total obstetric patients admitted to ICU were 1.04% of all deliveries. 48.53% women had pre-existing medical illness. 87.24% were antenatal and 12.67% were postnatal patients. 70.21% women had obstetric/medical illnesses during pregnancy which ICU admissions. Maternal mortality was observed in 31.91%. There was.changing trend in causes of maternal mortality, i.e. tropical diseases like dengue and malaria are found to be the cause of mortality in developing countries like India. Thus, there is need of obstetric high dependency unit (OHDU) at every center.

How to cite this article
Ghike S, Asegaonkar P. Why Obstetric Patients are admitted to Intensive Care Unit? A Retrospective Study. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2012;4(2):90-92.
Correlation of Pap Smear, Colposcopy and Histopathology in Women with Unhealthy Cervix
Authors: Joshi Sulabha , Ghike Sunita , Bhalerao Anuja , Kawthalkar Anjali , Kulkarni Sayali 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACT
Cervix cancer is one of the most common cancers in women after breast cancer. Pap smear and colposcopy are cornerstone for the diagnosis for premalignant conditions, though the specificity and sensitivity of each is different. Present study was conducted to see the correlation of coloposcopy, histopathology and Pap smear in low resource setting.

How to cite this article
Bhalerao A, Kulkarni S, Ghike S, Kawthalkar A, Joshi S. Correlation of Pap Smear, Colposcopy and Histopathology in Women with Unhealthy Cervix. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2012;4(2):97-98.
Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy: A Serious but Underestimated Problem
Authors: Sharma Arti , Choudhary Priyanka , Acharya Rajiv , Choudhary Anjali , Gupta Anshoo Garg 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACT
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (IHCP) is the most common liver disorder unique to pregnancy. In spite of the substantial risk, IHCP remains widely disregarded as a serious clinical problem. We report a case of IHCP with deranged coagulation which resulted in maternal morbidity in the form of severe postpartum hemorrhage and fetal mortality. This case emphasizes the fact that IHCP should be considered a high-risk condition, and careful fetal assessment and appropriate medical intervention might—improve maternal and perinatal outcome.

How to cite this article
Acharya R, Sharma A, Choudhary P, Choudhary A, Gupta AG. Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy: A Serious but Underestimated Problem. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2012;4(2):118-119.