bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D With Stroke: Observational Mediation and Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Tsai Ming-Chieh , Fan Hsien-Yu , Hsu Hsin-Yin , Tseng Po-Jung , Chuang Shih-Ming , Yeh Tzu-Lin , Lee Chun-Chuan , Chien Ming-Nan , Chien Kuo-Liong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Context
The causal association and biological mechanism linking serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) to stroke risk lacks epidemiological evidence.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the association between 25(OH)D concentration and stroke risk as well as the potential mediating factors.

Design
The community-based prospective community-based cohort study, the Chin-Shan Community Cardiovascular Cohort, was conducted from 1990 to December 2011, with external validation using a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study.

Patients
A total of 1778 participants with serum 25(OH)D data were enrolled.

Methods
In the Chin-Shan Community Cardiovascular Cohort observational study, the outcome was ascertained as stroke, while in the 2-sample MR study, it was defined as ischemic stroke. Causal effects were estimated using restricted cubic spline analysis, COX proportional hazard ratios, mediation analysis, and 2-sample MR.

Results
Over 12 years (21 598 person-years) of follow-up, 163 participants (9.17%) developed stroke. Higher 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with lower stroke risk (hazard ratio: 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.43-0.96) after full-model adjustments. Mediation analysis showed a significant association between 25(OH)D concentration and stroke risk mediated by hypertension in unadjusted models (mediation percentage 23.3%, P = .008) that became nonsignificant in full models (mediation percentage, 15.5%; P = .072). Two-sample MR confirmed a significant inverse association between genetically determined 25(OH)D and stroke risk (inverse variance weighted method odds ratio 0.92; 95% confidence interval: 0.85-0.99; P = .036). However, hypertension had an insignificant mediating role in the MR study.

Conclusion
Higher 25(OH)D levels are linked to reduced stroke risk, potentially mediated by hypertension. Prioritizing blood pressure management may improve stroke prevention in 25(OH)D-deficient patients.
Fine-tuning AMPK in physiology and disease using point-mutant mouse models
Authors: Ashraf Naghmana , Van Nostrand Jeanine L. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase that monitors the cellular energy status to adapt it to the fluctuating nutritional and environmental conditions in an organism. AMPK plays an integral part in a wide array of physiological processes, such as cell growth, autophagy and mitochondrial function, and is implicated in diverse diseases, including cancer, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. AMPK orchestrates many different physiological outcomes by phosphorylating a broad range of downstream substrates. However, the importance of AMPK-mediated regulation of these substrates in vivo remains an ongoing area of investigation to better understand its precise role in cellular and metabolic homeostasis. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of our understanding of the kinase function of AMPK in vivo, as uncovered from mouse models that harbor phosphorylation mutations in AMPK substrates. We discuss some of the inherent limitations of these mouse models, highlight the broader implications of these studies for understanding human health and disease, and explore the valuable insights gained that could inform future therapeutic strategies for the treatment of metabolic and non-metabolic disorders.
Sex-specific trisomic Dyrk1a-related skeletal phenotypes during development in a Down syndrome model
Authors: LaCombe Jonathan M. , Sloan Kourtney , Thomas Jared R. , Blackwell Matthew P. , Crawford Isabella , Bishop Flannery , Wallace Joseph M. , Roper Randall J. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Skeletal insufficiency affects all individuals with Down syndrome (DS) or trisomy 21 and may alter bone strength throughout development due to a reduced period of bone formation and early attainment of peak bone mass compared to those in typically developing individuals. Appendicular skeletal deficits also appear in males before females with DS. In femurs of male Ts65Dn DS model mice, cortical deficits were pronounced throughout development, but trabecular deficits and Dyrk1a overexpression were transitory until postnatal day (P) 30, when there were persistent trabecular and cortical deficits and Dyrk1a was trending toward overexpression. Correction of DS-related skeletal deficits by a purported DYRK1A inhibitor or through genetic means beginning at P21 was not effective at P30, but germline normalization of Dyrk1a improved male bone structure by P36. Trabecular and cortical deficits in female Ts65Dn mice were evident at P30 but subsided by P36, typifying periodic developmental skeletal normalizations that progressed to more prominent bone deficiencies. Sex-dependent differences in skeletal deficits with a delayed impact of trisomic Dyrk1a are important to find temporally specific treatment periods for bone and other phenotypes associated with trisomy 21.
Is coconut water truly a miracle drink in pregnancy or a myth?
Authors: Raza Maryam 
Published: August 2024

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.8.8817
How to cite this: Raza M. Is coconut water truly a miracle drink in pregnancy or a myth? Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(8):1894. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.8.8817
Effect of honey and povidone-iodine on acute laceration wound healing: a pilot randomised controlled trial study
Authors: Suryadinata Kevin Leonard , Basuki Adi , Song Agustini , Yovita Nabila Viera , Pakan Adriani Purnasakti , Sagala Asian Edward 
Published: August 2024

Objective: Acute laceration wound (ALW) is one of the most common injuries in Indonesia with potential significant morbidities. In rural areas, povidone-iodine and honey are commonly used as wound dressings. This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of honey compared to paraffin gauze and the commonly used povidone-iodine in improving ALW healing time. Method: This study was a single-blind, pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) with three intervention groups (honey, povidone-iodine, and paraffin). The outcomes were wound healing time, slow healing, secondary healing, signs of infection, wound dehiscence, oedema, maceration, necrosis, exudate and cost. Results: A total of 35 patients (male to female ratio: 4:1), with a mean age of 22.5 (range: 6–47) years, were included and randomised to treatment groups using predetermined randomisation according to wound location and wound dressing selection: honey group, n=12; povidone-iodine group, n=11; paraffin group, n=12 with one patient lost to follow-up. All groups achieved timely healing, with a mean healing time of 9.45±5.31 days and 11.09±5.14 days for the povidone-iodine and paraffin groups, respectively, and a median healing time of 10 (3–19) days for the honey group (p>0.05). More wounds in the honey group achieved healing in ≤10 days compared with the other groups. Both povidone-iodine and honey groups had fewer adverse events, with the latter having the lowest cost. Conclusion: In this study, honey was clinically effective in accelerating healing time with a lower cost compared to paraffin, and was comparable to povidone-iodine. Future RCTs with a larger sample size should be pursued to determine honey's role in ALW treatment.
Effects of concurrent optical and magnetic stimulation in hard-to-heal wounds: a real-world evidence case series
Authors: Neyens Jacques , Heusden Wilma van , Veenendaal Dennis Van , Schols Jos 
Published: August 2024

Objective: This work explores concurrent optical and magnetic stimulation (COMS) effects on hard-to-heal wounds in real-world settings. Method: In this case series, participants received COMS 1–3 times per week for up to 12 weeks alongside standard wound care. Results: A total of 27 patients (18 female and nine male) were included. Mean age was 72 years. Participants’ wounds that were unresponsive to standard wound care included: venous leg ulcers (VLUs, n=13); mixed leg ulcers (MLUs, n=4); diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs, n=1); pressure ulcers (PUs, n=5); and traumatic wounds (TWs, n=4). On average, COMS was applied twice a week, resulting in an overall mean wound area reduction of 69%. In 24 participants, COMS was used primarily to achieve wound closure by the end of the 12-week period, of which: 12 were classified as complete wound closure (50%; VLUs=8, PUs=3 and TW=1); four as likely-to-heal (17%; VLUs=2 and MLUs=2); four as ‘improved’ (17%; MLU=1, DFU=1 and TWs=2); and four as ‘non-responding’ (17%; VLUs=3 and MLU=1). The best results were achieved in PUs and VLUs (respectively 100% and 62% categorised as completely healed). When used in participants where its purpose was other than that of achieving wound closure, COMS was successfully used to debride two PUs, and for wound bed preparation in one TW. Conclusion: In this case series, COMS showed positive effects and appeared to be beneficial in healing different types of hard-to-heal wounds in community health and homecare settings. Novel COMS therapy aspects emerged: (1) positive outcomes for PU and VLU treatment; (2) COMS as a potential debridement tool when sharp debridement is unfeasible; and (3) COMS as a promising method to prepare wound beds for subsequent skin grafting or skin replacement procedures.
Oral resveratrol in adults with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized placebo-controlled trial (ARTHROL)
Authors: Nguyen Christelle , Coudeyre Emmanuel , Boutron Isabelle , Baron Gabriel , Daste Camille , Lefèvre-Colau Marie-Martine , Sellam Jérémie , Zauderer Jennifer , Berenbaum Francis , Rannou François 
Published: August 2024

Background
Resveratrol is a natural compound found in red wine. It has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties in preclinical models. We compared the effect of oral resveratrol in a new patented formulation to oral placebo for individuals with painful knee osteoarthritis.

Methods and findings
ARTHROL was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, Phase 3 trial conducted in 3 tertiary care centers in France. We recruited adults who fulfilled the 1986 American College of Rheumatology criteria for knee osteoarthritis and reported a pain intensity score of at least 40 on an 11-point numeric rating scale (NRS) in 10-point increments (0, no pain, to 100, maximal pain). Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) by using a computer-generated randomization list with permuted blocks of variable size (2, 4, or 6) to receive oral resveratrol (40 mg [2 caplets] twice a day for 1 week, then 20 mg [1 caplet] twice a day; resveratrol group) or matched oral placebo (placebo group) for 6 months. The primary outcome was the mean change from baseline in knee pain on a self-administered 11-point pain NRS at 3 months. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: (NCT02905799).
Between October 20, 2017 and November 8, 2021, we assessed 649 individuals for eligibility, and from November 9, 2017, we recruited 142 (22%) participants (mean age 61.4 years [standard deviation (SD) 9.6] and 101 [71%] women); 71 (50%) were randomly assigned to the resveratrol group and 71 (50%) to the placebo group. At baseline, the mean knee pain score was 56.2/100 (SD 13.5). At 3 months, the mean reduction in knee pain was −15.7 (95% confidence interval (CI), −21.1 to −10.3) in the resveratrol group and −15.2 (95% CI, −20.5 to −9.8) in the placebo group (absolute difference −0.6 [95% CI, −8.0 to 6.9]; p = 0.88). Serious adverse events (not related to the interventions) occurred in 3 (4%) in the resveratrol group and 2 (3%) in the placebo group. Our study has limitations in that it was underpowered and the effect size, estimated to be 0.55, was optimistically estimated.

Conclusions
In this study, we observed that compared with placebo, oral resveratrol did not reduce knee pain in people with painful knee osteoarthritis.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02905799.
Effect of an educational intervention based on self-efficacy theory and health literacy skills on preventive behaviors of urinary tract infection in pregnant women: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Tavakoly Sany Seyedeh Belin , Eslami Vajieh , lael-Monfared Elaheh , Ghavami Vahid , Peyman Nooshin 
Published: August 2024

Objective
The impact of self-efficacy and health literacy skills on pregnant women’s adherence to urinary tract infection (UTI) preventive behaviors is inadequately investigated. Thus, the present study explored whether an educational intervention based on self-efficacy and health literacy skills managed to improve UTI preventive behaviors among pregnant women.

Methods
A quasi-experimental study was conducted from January to July 2021 among pregnant women residing in Mashhad, Iran. To this aim, 110 pregnant women at a gestational age of 12–18 weeks were randomly assigned to a control (n = 55) and an intervention group (n = 55) and completed all questionnaires during the intervention and the 3-month follow-up. The intervention group received the full training program, comprising six 2-hourly training sessions.

Results
Most women were from low-income families (69.1%), were housewives (74.5%) with high school education or lower (63.6%). The theory-based intervention had a significant effect (P < 0·05) on UTI preventive behavior outcomes (i.e., clothing habits, nutrition, urination, health, and sexual behaviors) in the intervention group compared with the control group after intervention, and in their variation from baseline to follow-up in all scores.

Conclusions
An educational intervention based on health literacy skills and self-efficacy could be an effective theory-based intervention to improve UTI preventive behaviors and reduce recurrent UTI and complications.
Relative motion splints versus metacarpophalangeal joint blocking splints in the management of trigger finger: Study protocol for a randomized comparative trial
Authors: Leong Li Xian , Chai Siaw Chui , Howell Julianne W. , Mohd Rasdi Hanif Farhan , Abdul Rahman Nur Rahimawati 
Published: August 2024

Background
Evidence supports the use of hand-based metacarpophalangeal joint (MCPJ) blocking splints as an intervention for trigger finger (TF). In practice, finger-based relative motion (RM) splints are also implemented without evidence.

Purpose
This randomized comparative trial (RCT) aims to evaluate implementation of MCPJ blocking and RM splints for effectiveness, function, occupational performance and wearability after 6 weeks of TF management.

Methods and analysis
Priori analysis determined 36 individuals were needed for random assignment to the RM or MCPJ blocking splint groups. Individuals must be aged ≥21 years, and diagnosed with TF involving ≥1 finger. For blinding purposes, the primary author screens for eligibility, fabricates the splints and educates. Therapist A administers the primary outcome measures Week-1 and Week-6—stage of stenosing tenosynovitis and secondary outcome measures- number of triggering events in 10 active fists, visual analog scales (VAS) for pain, splint comfort and satisfaction, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand, and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Therapist B in Week-3 instructs participants in deep tissue massage and administers splint wearability VASs. The RM pencil test is used to determine the affected finger(s) MCPJ splint position i.e., more extension or flexion based on participant response. The MCPJ blocking splint holds the MCPJ in a neutral position. Analysis involves a mixed-effects ANOVA to compare Week-1 and Week-6 primary and secondary outcomes.

Results
Recruitment and data collection are ongoing.

Discussion
Biomechanically RM splints control tendon excursion and reduce passive tendon tension while allowing unencumbered finger motion and hand function. Hence clinicians use RM splints as an intervention for TF, despite the lack of implementation evidence. This RCT implements a function-focused as well as patient-centered approach with partial blinding of assessors and participants.

Conclusion
We anticipate that this study will provide evidence for the implementation of RM splints to manage adults with TF.

Trial registration
Clinical trial registration This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05763017).
Knowledge, attitude and practice towards antibiotic use and resistance among the veterinarians in Bangladesh
Authors: Sarker Md Samun , Nath Sanjib Chandra , Ahmed Iftekhar , Siddiky Nure Alam , Islam Shariful , Kabir Md Ehsanul , Bupasha Zamila Bueaza 
Published: August 2024

Background
The emergence of antimicrobial resistance is a growing human and animal health concern around the world. When a number of studies have emphasized the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) regarding antibiotic use and resistance in humans, little attention has been paid to the veterinary sector. The aim of this study was to understand the KAP towards antibiotic use and resistance among veterinarians in Bangladesh.

Methods
A cross-sectional online based questionnaire survey was conducted from August to September 2020 among the registered veterinary practitioners. A self-administered Google form questionnaire consisting of 45 questions on knowledge, attitude and practice regarding antibiotic use and resistance was used. For statistical significance test we used Chi-square or Fisher’s Exact test and logistic regression for factor analysis.

Results
A total of 208 registered veterinarians participated in this study. The study involved a majority of male participants, constituting 85.1%, while 54.8% of the participants held a Masters degree. Around 52% of the veterinarians were poultry practitioners. All respondents were familiar with antimicrobials. The participants (91.4%) knew that antibiotics cannot cure viral infections, while 97.6% believed that frequent antibiotic prescriptions rendered them less effective. Participants claimed that only they were eligible to prescribe drugs for the treatment of animals, and around 80% disagreed with adding antibiotics with feed/water as a growth promoter in livestock. Of the total participants, 87% believed that a local antimicrobial guideline would be more effective than an international one. A multivariable analysis revealed that male veterinarians have 2.37 times higher knowledge regarding antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) (OR = 2.37, CI = 1.01–5.59, p = 0.05). Veterinarians engaged in government services demonstrated a 2.59 times more favorable attitude towards AMU and AMR (OR = 2.59, CI = 0.99–6.73, p = 0.05). Additionally, respondents aged 31–35 were 0.45 times more likely to exhibit good practices (OR = 0.45, CI = 0.2–1.00, p = 0.05). However, gaps in practices were highlighted in our study, suggesting training deficiencies.

Conclusion
The present study, for the first time conducted in Bangladesh, dictates that future interventions like academic courses, workshops, and seminars on antibiotic usage and resistance are needed to facilitate the knowledge, behavior and practice of veterinarians with regard to the rational use of antibiotics.
PENGARUH FRAUD PENTAGON DALAM PENDETEKSIAN FRAUDULENT FINANCIAL REPORTING PADA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI TAHUN 2015-2017
Authors: Rahmani Suci , Amin Muhammad Nuryatno 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThenmain objectivemof this studynis to analyzenthe factorsnof fraudulent financialnreporting withnpentagon fraudnanalysis. Thisnresearch usesnfive independentmvariables whichmis pressuremwith financialmtarget proxy, opportunityiwith proxynof ineffectiveimonitoring, rationalizationiwith change in auditornproxy, competencenwith proxy changenof director, andlarrogance with proxylfrequent numberlof CEO's picture. Whilelthe dependentpvariable is fraudulentlfinanciallreporting. Thisnresearch usespsecondary datapthat islfinancial reportpand annual report. Thelsample ofpthis studypare 41osamples ofnfinancialpcompanies listednin thenIndonesianStock Exchange (BEI) duringnthei2015 - 2017 period. Samplingntechniquenused ismpurposivensamplingomethod. Thepmethod of analysis innthis studyouses logistic regression no analysisi method. The resultskof thisnresearch showsjthat themineffective monitoring variablenhas aipositive significantoinfluence ofifraudulent financial reporting, meanwhile financialntargets has apnegative significantninfluence. Changeoin auditor,change of director, and frequent number of CEO'sjpicturemhas no influence of fraudulentnfinancial reporting.Keywords: Fraud; Fraudulent Financial Reporting; Fraud Pentagon
PENGARUH RASIO KEUANGAN TERHADAP PENGUNGKAPAN TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Sabella Adinda , Januarti Indira 
Published: August 2024

This study is aims to examine the effect of financial performance of Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure. The dependent variable used in this study is CSR Diclosure and independent variable is financial performance as measured by profitability, liquidity, and leverage. This population in this study is all Indonesia companies that received ASSRAT award in the period 2018-2019. This research sample was selected with certain criteria. Based on criteria, samples used was 30 companies in 2018, and 29 companies in 2019, with a total sample of 59 samples. The method of analysis used in this research is Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis. The result of this study indicate that liquidity and leverage have a negative significant effect on CSR disclosure. While, profitability is not significantly influence the CSR disclosure.