bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemotherapy for post‐menopausal women with early breast cancer seems not to result in clinically significant changes in thyroid function
Authors: Marina Djordje , Buch‐Larsen Kristian , Gillberg Linn , Andersen Mads Albrecht , Andersson Michael , Rasmussen Åse Krogh , Schwarz Peter 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveAdjuvant chemotherapy is often indicated in patients diagnosed with early breast cancer (EBC). Among others, weight gain is one of the observed side effects of both chemotherapy and other cancer treatments; however, the mechanism is not well‐described. In this study, we aimed to assess thyroid function before and shortly after the course of chemotherapy for EBC.MethodsThis is a prospective cohort study of women diagnosed with EBC. The main outcome was the thyroid function and body weight before and after completing chemotherapy. Secondary outcomes were the presence of thyroid autoantibodies and treatment radiation dosage. We included 72 patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy, whereas 59 patients also received supraclavicular locoregional radiotherapy. Triple‐negative breast cancer (BC) patients receiving chemoimmunotherapy were excluded.ResultsAfter the chemotherapy, we observed an increase in thyroid‐stimulating hormone (p = 0.03) and a decrease in free‐thyroxine (p = 0.0006), with no significant weight change. The prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis was low. On average 3 months post‐chemo, we found no statistically significant difference in the thyroid function of women treated versus not treated with supraclavicular locoregional radiotherapy.ConclusionsAlthough statistically significant changes in thyroid hormones were observed, this study suggests no obvious clinically significant changes in thyroid function in women with early BC after the course of chemotherapy. The decrease in thyroid function was not related to autoimmunity, non‐thyroidal illness, radiotherapy, or high‐dose corticosteroids. Further studies with a longer follow‐up of thyroid function after adjuvant chemotherapy and supraclavicular locoregional radiotherapy are needed.
Gut Roseburia is a protective marker for peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer
Authors: Yu Dandan , Fan Qilin , Yang Jinru , Jin Min , Shi Linli , Zhou Bin , Zhao Lei , Zhang Jieying , Lin Zhenyu , Zhang Tao , Liu Hongli 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundGastric cancer (GC), particularly for advanced stage of GC, commonly undergoes peritoneal metastasis (PM), which is the leading cause of GC‐related death. However, there currently has no reliable biomarker to predict the onset of GCPM. It is well known that the imbalance of gut microbiota contributes to the development and metastasis of gastrointestinal tumors. Unfortunately, little is known about how the alternation in gut microbiota is associated with the onset of GCPM.MethodsOur current study analyzed structural characteristics and functional prediction of gut microbiota in GC patients with PM (PM group) and without PM (non‐PM group). Fresh fecal samples were collected from a discovery cohort (PM = 38, non‐PM = 54) and a validation cohort (PM = 15, non‐PM = 21) of GC patients and their 16S ribosomal RNA (16s rRNA) gene amplicons were sequenced, followed by bioinformatics.ResultsThe results indicated an increase in the biodiversity of gut microbiota in the non‐PM group of the discovery cohort, compared with the PM group. Moreover, LEfSe analysis found 31 significantly different microorganisms, of which the Roseburia ranked the fifth in the random forest (RF) model. The characteristics of intestinal microbiota in GCPM patients were changed, and the abundance of Roseburia in gut microbiota from the GCPM patients was reduced and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that the reduced abundance of gut Roseburia effectively predicted the onset of GCPM.ConclusionThis signature was also observed in the validation cohort. Therefore, Roseburia is a protective microbial marker and the reduced abundance of Roseburia in gut microbiota may help early diagnosis of GCPM.
In Silico Approach for Assessment of the Anti‐Tumor Potential of Cannabinoid Compounds by Targeting Glucose‐6‐Phosphate Dehydrogenase Enzyme
Authors: Zemnou Tepap Cromwel , Anissi Jaouad , Bounou Salim , Berton Zanchi Fernando 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGlucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) enzyme that generates NADPH, which is required for cellular redox equilibrium and reductive biosynthesis. It has been demonstrated that abnormal G6PD activation promotes cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. To date, no G6PD inhibitor has passed clinical testing successfully enough to be launched as a medicine. As a result, in this investigation, cannabinoids were chosen to evaluate their anticancer potential by targeting G6PD. Molecular docking indicated that three molecules, Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), Cannabichromenic acid (CBCA), and tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), have the highest binding affinities for G6PD of −8.61, −8.39, and 8.01 Kcal mol. ADMET analysis found that all of them were safe prospective drug candidates. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and MM‐PBSA analysis confirm the structural compactness and lower conformational variation of protein‐ligand complexes, thereby maintaining structural stability and rigidity. Thus, our in silico investigation exhibited all three cannabinoids as potential competitive inhibitors of G6PD.
Cardiac papillary fibroelastomas: Unveiling a rare right atrial presentation with surgical insights—A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Davani Delaram Narimani , Alizadehasl Azin , Aliabadi Azam Yalameh , Bazrgar Aida , Pouraliakbar Hamidreza , Jebelli Seyedeh Fatemeh Hosseini , Najdaghi Soroush , Zonooz Yasamin Afsari 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageCardiac papillary fibroelastomas (CPF) are rare, benign tumors with thromboembolic potential. We present a 40‐year‐old male with a right atrial CPF, referred with acute chest pain. Advanced imaging and surgical excision with tricuspid valve repair were crucial, emphasizing the need for early detection and intervention in symptomatic and asymptomatic cases.
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy leads to complete pathologic response in locally advanced colon cancer
Authors: Sandow Lyndsey , Tsikitis Liana , Lopez Charles D. , Brinkerhoff Brian , Kardosh Adel , Pegna Guillaume , Chen Emerson Y. 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageImmunotherapy is considered first line in patients with dMMR metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent studies have also shown promising results with neoadjuvant immunotherapy in locally advanced CRC. We report a case in which neoadjuvant immunotherapy with pembrolizumab resulted in complete pathologic response at time of resection as well as saved the patient the morbidity associated with a hepatectomy. We also completed a scoping review of the literature which suggests promising tumor responses with treatment in dMMR CRC. Further randomized control trials to determine the magnitude of response and optimal regimen are needed.
Seronegative celiac disease with transient protein‐losing enteropathy and vitamin B12 deficiency in a pediatric patient: Case report
Authors: Shaikh Aisha , Ashraf Saad , Ansari Muhammad Ahsan , Zain‐Ul‐Haq Muhammad , Hashim Hashim Talib , Hashim Ali Talib , Alhatemi Ahmed Qasim Mohammed 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageEarly recognition and management of seronegative celiac disease, even in the absence of typical serological markers, can prevent complications and ensure better health outcomes in pediatric patients. Consideration of a gluten‐free diet in similar cases can lead to significant clinical improvement.AbstractCeliac disease, characterized by its diverse clinical manifestations, often necessitates adherence to a gluten‐free diet, particularly in pediatric patients for optimal growth and development. This report presents the case of an 11‐year‐old male who exhibited recurrent symptoms of fever and diarrhea progressing to edema and pallor, with a history dating back to age 3. Laboratory findings revealed pancytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, and proteinuria. Despite negative serological markers, noninvasive tests, along with clinical improvement on a gluten‐free diet and supportive measures within a month, suggested celiac disease complicated by transient protein‐losing enteropathy and vitamin B12 deficiency. It is important to note that other malabsorption disorders can also show clinical improvement following a gluten‐free diet. Additionally, the antibiotic treatment received by the patient could have addressed other possible causes of malabsorption, complicating the differential diagnosis. This case highlights the importance of early recognition and management of celiac disease, especially in pediatric patients, to prevent complications and promote optimal health outcomes.
Effects of Ring Functionalization in Anthracene‐Based Cyclophanes on the Binding Properties Toward Nucleotides and DNA
Authors: Basaran Ismet , Agafontsev Aleksandr M. , Morozov Boris S. , Oshchepkov Alexander S. , Imhof Petra , Kataev Evgeny A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSupramolecular recognition of nucleobases and short sequences is an emerging research field focusing on possible applications to treat many diseases. Controlling the affinity and selectivity of synthetic receptors to target desired nucleotides or short sequences is a highly challenging task. Herein, we elucidate the effect of substituents in the phenyl ring of the anthracene‐benzene azacyclophane on the recognition of nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs) and double‐stranded DNA. We show that introducing phenyl rings increases the affinity for NTPs 10‐fold and implements groove and intercalation binding modes with double‐stranded DNA. NMR studies and molecular modeling calculations support the ability of cyclophanes to encapsulate nucleobases as part of nucleotides.
Tutorial Review on the Set‐Up and Running of Quantum Mechanical Cluster Models for Enzymatic Reaction Mechanisms
Authors: de Visser Sam P. , Wong Henrik P. H. , Zhang Yi , Yadav Rolly , Sastri Chivukula V. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEnzymes turnover substrates into products with amazing efficiency and selectivity and as such have great potential for use in biotechnology and pharmaceutical applications. However, details of their catalytic cycles and the origins surrounding the regio‐ and chemoselectivity of enzymatic reaction processes remain unknown, which makes the engineering of enzymes and their use in biotechnology challenging. Computational modelling can assist experimental work in the field and establish the factors that influence the reaction rates and the product distributions. A popular approach in modelling is the use of quantum mechanical cluster models of enzymes that take the first‐ and second coordination sphere of the enzyme active site into consideration. These QM cluster models are widely applied but often the results obtained are dependent on model choice and model selection. Herein, we show that QM cluster models can give highly accurate results that reproduce experimental product distributions and free energies of activation within several kcal mol−1, regarded that large cluster models with >300 atoms are used that include key hydrogen bonding interactions and charged residues. In this tutorial review, we give general guidelines on the set‐up and applications of the QM cluster method and discuss its accuracy and reproducibility. Finally, several representative QM cluster model examples on metal‐containing enzymes are presented, which highlight the strength of the approach.
Tetradentate Pt(II) Complexes Based on Xylenylamino Linked Dual Pyrazolate Chelates for Organic Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: Zhou Fan , Pan Yi , Hung Wen‐Yi , Chen Ching‐Feng , Chen Kui‐Ming , Li Jian‐Liang , Yiu Shek‐Man , Liu Yi‐Mei , Chou Pi‐Tai , Chi Yun , Lau Kai‐Chung 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this work, we report the syntheses of three Pt(II) emitters, namely, Pt4N1, Pt4N2, and Pt4N3, to which their tetradentate chelates were assembled by linking two pyrazolate chelates with a single xylenylamino entity. Functionalization of Pt4N1 was achieved upon the addition of electronegative CF3 substituent on pyridinyl groups and switching to more electron‐deficient pyrazinyl groups in giving Pt4N2 and Pt4N3, respectively. The vertically arranged xylenylamino entity has effectively suppressed the inter‐molecular π‐π stacking and Pt⋅⋅⋅Pt interaction, as shown by the single crystal X‐ray structural analyses. Upon fabrication of OLED devices, Pt4N2 and Pt4N3 based devices delivered efficient cyan and green emission, with an EQEmax of 15.2 % and 11.2 %, respectively, affirming the successfulness of the tetradentate chelating strategy.
An insightful project in chemistry and art lessons
Authors: Korn‐Müller Andreas , Steinhofer Harald 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSchon seit jeher passen Chemie und Kunst zusammen, da chemische Substanzen als Farbmittel und Pigmente eine fundamentale Rolle in der Malerei spielen [1]. Im Gegensatz zu den herkömmlichen Malfarben, die im Kunstunterricht zum Einsatz kommen, besitzt Phosphoreszenzfarbe einen spektakulären Nachleuchteffekt. In einem fächerübergreifenden Projekt des Chemie‐ und Kunstunterrichts konnten die Schülerinnen und Schüler einer 7. Jahrgangsstufe phosphoreszierende Malfarbe auf Basis von Zinksulfid selbst ausprobieren. Zusätzlich gelingen mit einer bemalten Holzplatte spektakuläre Leuchteffekte für den Chemieunterricht.
Size‐Dependent Magnetic Responsiveness of a Photonic Crystal of Graphene Oxide Nanosheets
Authors: Ogawa Daisuke , Nishina Yuta , Sano Koki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA magnetically responsive photonic crystal of colloidal nanosheets can exhibit a controllable structural color, offering diverse potential applications. In this study, we systematically investigated how the lateral sizes of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets affect their magnetic responsiveness in a photonic system. Contrary to the prediction that larger lateral sizes of nanosheets would be more responsive to an applied magnetic field based on the magnetic energy of anisotropic materials, we discovered that GO nanosheets with larger lateral sizes in the photonic system scarcely responded to a 12 T magnetic field. The lack of magnetic response may be due to the strongly restricted rotational motion of GO nanosheets by mutual electrostatic forces. In contrast, GO nanosheets with medium lateral sizes readily responded to the 12 T magnetic field, forming a uniaxially oriented structure that resulted in a vivid structural color. However, smaller GO nanosheets displayed a less vivid structural color, possibly because of less structural ordering of GO nanosheets. Finally, we found that the photonic crystal of GO nanosheets with optimized lateral sizes responded effectively to the 12 T magnetic field across various GO concentrations, resulting in a vivid and tunable structural color.
High Broadband Optical Absorption and Bandstop Filter Characteristics of Pb/Nb2O5 Interfaces
Authors: Algarni Sabah. E. , Qasrawi Atef F. , Khusayfan Najla. M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, semitransparent lead films serve as substrates for depositing niobium pentoxide thin films, forming versatile electro‐optical devices. Using vacuum evaporation and ion sputtering techniques at ≈10−5 mbar, stacked layers of crystalline Pb and amorphous Nb2O5 are created. This process reduces free carrier absorption in Nb2O5 and forms Urbach tail states with a width of 0.91 eV. Pb/Nb2O5 thin films exhibit remarkable broadband absorption, exceeding 440% in the visible and 98% in the infrared. Moreover, Pb substrates induce a redshift in Nb2O5’s energy bandgap. Electrical analysis using impedance spectroscopy on Pb/Nb2O5/Ag structures reveals their series/parallel resonance and bandstop filter properties. Notably, the bandstop filters exhibit reflection coefficient minima at a notch frequency of 1.66 GHz, with a bandwidth of 280 MHz, return loss of 26 dB, and voltage standing wave ratio of 1.13. These findings underscore the device's potential for wide‐ranging electro‐optical applications across the electromagnetic spectrum.
Single‐stage single‐phase multiport DC–AC inverter suitable for standalone applications due to its notable performance in different operation modes
Authors: Ahmadian Sina , Abbasi Vahid , Hemmati Siroos 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA new multiport DC–AC converter is proposed for standalone and off‐grid tied applications. The configuration converts power from DC to AC form in a single stage with suitable voltage gain. To increase the certainty of supporting power, the converter is designed to operate in four modes, including battery‐alone mode. The other advantage of the presented work is supplying the output power during unbalanced voltage conditions of the input ports. The advanced features of the converter for being used in standalone applications are related to the suitable placement and structure of the bidirectional port. In addition, the configuration is designed in a way to contain appropriate structural properties such as the existence of a common ground between the DC section and inverter, continuity of input currents, configured by an acceptable number of components, and low‐voltage stress on the DC–DC section's switches. Furthermore, it has an impedance network to protect the inverter's switches in a shoot‐through state. To confirm the converter advantages from the mentioned points of view, it has been compared with similar configurations. A prototype rated at 110 V is prepared to demonstrate the advantages of the converter performance per different conditions. The results of the steady‐state and transient experiments validate the suitability of the presented converter.
Low‐latency and power‐efficient row‐based binary‐weighted compensator for fixed‐width Booth multiplier
Authors: Li Chung‐Yi , Hu Hong‐Chi , Chen Yuan‐Ho , Lin Shinn‐Yn 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFixed‐width Booth multiplier (FWBM) plays a significant role in the arouse of approximate computing (AC) field. In this paper, a row‐based binary‐weighted compensator (RBC) for fixed‐width Booth multiplication is proposed. The derived binary‐weighted close‐form minimizes the conversion loss and hardware cost. With the proposed close‐form, the partial product array can be reduced dramatically. Consequently, the compact FWBM with the proposed RBC not only shortens the critical path to at least 24% but also minimizes the power dissipation to at least 44%. Moreover, the proposed RBC outperforms the state‐of‐art with a maximum merit improvement of 39%. By implementing the proposed RBC‐FWBM in the FIR filter, we manage to demonstrate the practicality of the proposed design with a significant reduction in power‐dissipation and delay while maintaining high accuracy.
Comparative analysis of control strategies impact on power losses in IGBT power modules with a multiphysics‐circuit coupling method
Authors: Dou Zhifeng , Zhang Changai , Tian Ye , Lu Falong , Wang Qian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPower losses in semiconductor devices present a significant impediment to advancing power electronics systems for achieving higher frequencies, improved efficiency, and greater integration. A major challenge lies in directly coupling power losses with various control strategies, considering the variations in manufacturers, packaging, and process structures within the power electronics field. This paper introduces a field‐circuit coupling simulation methodology of the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) within the Simulink/COMSOL environment, using a conventional three‐phase six‐switch voltage source inverter (VSI) IGBT module as a case study. A composite transfer function interconnects the electrical and thermal aspects, enabling bidirectional coupling between IGBT temperature and losses. This study aims to comprehensively compare the effects of various control strategies, namely, single‐vector, dual‐vector, and three‐vector current model predictive control (CMPC) and space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM), on the losses and temperature of IGBT power modules. The findings emphasize that losses are significantly influenced by the selection of weighting factor coefficients and power factor settings under the same CMPC control strategy with a fixed switching frequency. Additionally, the selection of control strategies, such as CMPC and SVPWM, substantially impacts power losses in power electronic devices.
A novel compact and shadow resistance‐to‐frequency and resistance‐to‐time converter
Authors: Al‐Absi Muneer A. , Alkhulaifi Abdulaziz 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a novel compact and shadow resistance‐to‐frequency converter and resistance‐to‐time converter. The design incorporates three current feedback operational amplifiers (CFOA) and can be implemented in CMOS technology. The design's functionality has been proven through simulation and experimental verification. The simulation and experimental findings show that the proposed design works well with small deviation between simulation and experimental results.
Research progress on fusion genes in tumours
Authors: Chang Yinyi , Zhao Zitong , Song Yongmei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe concept of gene fusion describes the process of fusing two genes into one, which is closely linked to tumour occurrence and development and may even be the direct cause of some tumours. Due to their tumour‐specific expression and ability to drive tumour occurrence and development, there is great potential for fusion genes to be used as diagnostic markers and targets for specific types of tumours.Main bodyAlthough many fusion genes have been detected so far, they mainly focus on a small number of highly recurrent fusion genes detected in patients' tumours. There are few studies on the functional mechanism and clinical relevance of rare gene fusions. Our review discusses the generation mechanisms, detection methods, biological functions, and mechanisms of action of fusion genes. Additionally, we discuss the clinical significance of fusion gene detection in some tumour types.ConclusionThe function mechanism research of rare gene fusion is very necessary, and more functions of fusion genes independent of unfused/normal genes can be explored in future studies. There is still a long way to go in implementing precision tumour therapy targeting gene fusion.
Clinical and translational mode of single‐cell measurements: An artificial intelligent single cell
Authors: Wang Xiangdong , Powell Charles A. , Ma Qin , Fan Jia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWith rapid development and mature of single‐cell measurements, single‐cell biology and pathology become an emerging discipline to understand the disease. However, it is important to address concerns raised by clinicians as to how to apply single‐cell measurements for clinical practice, translate the signals of single‐cell systems biology into determination of clinical phenotype, and predict patient response to therapies. The present Perspective proposes a new system coined as the clinical artificial intelligent single‐cell (caiSC) with the dynamic generator of clinical single‐cell informatics, artificial intelligent analysers, molecular multimodal reference boxes, clinical inputs and outs, and AI‐based computerization. This system provides reliable and rapid information for impacting clinical diagnoses, monitoring, and prediction of the disease at the single‐cell level. The caiSC represents an important step and milestone to translate the single‐cell measurement into clinical application, assit clinicians’ decision‐making, and improve the quality of medical services. There is increasing evidence to support the possibility of the caiSC proposal, since the corresponding biotechnologies associated with caiSCs are rapidly developed. Therefore, we call the special attention and efforts from various scientists and clinicians on the caiSCs and believe that the appearance of the caiSCs can shed light on the future of clinical molecular medicine.