bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly‐Dispersed Single‐Crystalline Ni‐Rich Cathodes with Low Li/O Loss for High‐Power and Long‐Life Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yu Haifeng , Han Qiang , Chen Long , Chen Ling , Jiang Hao , Li Chunzhong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHighly‐dispersed single‐crystalline Ni‐rich cathodes with low Li/O loss are the key for high‐power Li‐ion batteries, but it is still a big challenge because an additional 60–110 °C higher synthesis temperature is required in comparison with the polycrystalline counterparts. Herein, a highly‐ordered and monodisperse single‐crystalline LiNi0.83Co0.12Mn0.05O2 (NCM83) cathode with an average size of 3.24 µm is reported by a Sr/Nb synergically controlling the grain surface energy strategy based on the Vegard's slopes of various ions. The solid‐phase lithiation temperature is reduced by ≈80 °C, greatly reducing Li/Ni disorder and oxygen vacancies with rapid Li‐ion diffusion kinetics and high structure stability. The introduced Sr/Nb ions remarkably increase the electron cloud density near the Fermi level, while alleviating the H2‐H3 phase transition with reduced lattice shrinkage. The as‐prepared single‐crystalline NCM83 cathode exhibits obvious increased capacity retention of 60% at 10C (vs. 0.1C) in coin‐type half‐cells and 89% after cycling 1000 times at 0.5C in pouch‐type full‐cells. The work sheds light on the low‐temperature synthesis of monodisperse and uniform single‐crystalline Ni‐rich cathodes for high‐power and long‐life Li‐ion batteries.
Emerging Advanced Photo‐Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Yang Mingrui , Wang Denghui , Ling Yunhua , Guo Xiaoniu , Chen Weihua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe depletion of fossil fuels necessitates the efficient utilization of solar energy and the urgent resolution of its instability, intermittency, and storage challenges. Photo‐rechargeable batteries, which integrate solar cells and energy storage batteries to convert solar energy into electricity and store it as chemical energy, have gradually emerged as a novel research direction to meet the energy demands of various standalone applications such as building facades, mobile transportation devices, and outdoor settings. This review elucidates the device structure, working principles, and key parameters of photo‐rechargeable batteries. Furthermore, various photo‐rechargeable battery systems such as lithium‐ion battery, lithium‐sulfur battery, sodium‐ion battery, zinc‐ion battery, and aluminum‐ion battery are categorized and summarized, detailing their composition, operational mechanisms, and photoelectric performance. Finally, the future research directions of photo‐rechargeable batteries are delineated, advocating for the exploration of dual‐functional materials that integrate light conversion and energy storage. Specifically, emphasis is placed on studying the compatibility between optical and energy storage materials, investigating new battery operation mechanisms under illumination conditions, considering the imperative of achieving high stability and overall efficiency to enhance device performance, and elucidating the future application pathways of these technologies.
Interfacial Polymerization Fabricated Polydopamine Capsules as a Step Toward a Photothermal Protocell Model
Authors: Hu Cunjie , Chen Hui , Zheng Jing , Zhou Shaohong , Yang Xilei , Ngocho Kleins , Xie Tingliang , Wang Kemin , Liu Jianbo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPhotothermal is a significant solar energy conversion process on Earth, and photothermal‐responsive protocells are a potential model for prebiotic chemistry. Here, polydopamine microcapsules are fabricated via emulsion droplets‐templated interfacial polymerization and investigated their potential as synthetic protocell models for photothermal conversion and utilization. DNAzyme‐mediated dopamine peroxidation and polymerization occur at the water/oil interface of the emulsion droplets, facilitated by a biphasic microfluidic technique, leading to the formation of uniform polydopamine microcapsules, which retain structural integrity upon transfer into a continuous water phase. These microcapsules exhibit size‐dependent semi‐permeability and high photothermal capability due to their broad spectral absorbance. The photothermal‐mediated temperature rise within the microcapsules triggers DNA denaturation and rearrangement, and intermittent photothermal irradiation modulates reversible phase separation of DNA condensates, mimicking membrane‐less organelles. This work suggests that interfacial polymerization fabricated polydopamine capsules are a plausible photothermal protocell model that can demonstrate aspects of primitive abiotic cellularity.
Probing the Wannier function of Crystalline Solids with Angle‐Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy
Authors: He Yu , Walker Frederick J. , Ahn Charles H. , Ismail‐Beigi Sohrab 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAngle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) has been a widely adopted technique in the studies of quantum materials. The surface sensitivity of photoelectric effect also makes it a powerful tool to investigate surface and shallow interface phenomena. While an overwhelming majority of its use focuses on extracting the eigenenergy of the electron Bloch states in momentum space, attempts to extract information of the wave function via ARPES has been limited to molecular systems. In this perspective, it is proposed and advocated use ARPES to investigate and unravel wave function properties, as opposed to only the electron energy‐momentum dispersion relation, in crystalline solids and their interfaces. This can help enhance the rapidly growing development of material properties based on the spatial and geometric properties of the electronic wave functions.
Polarized Emission in Chiral Quasi‐2D Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diode
Authors: Shpatz Dayan Adva , Schneider Avi , Azulay Doron , Paltiel Yossi , Etgar Lioz 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChiral 2D perovskites synthesized using (R‐+)‐α‐Methylbenzylamine (R‐MBA) and (S–)‐α‐Methylbenzylamine (S‐MBA) as barrier molecules exhibit chirality at low n values, as confirmed by circular dichroism (CD) analysis. The Anisotropy factor decreases significantly with increasing the n value, reaching 0.0032 for pure 2D perovskite. These synthesized quasi‐2D chiral perovskites have been successfully integrated into light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), demonstrating polarized emission for the first time. Remarkably, n = 3, R enantiomer achieves a total external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 12.1%, with polarized EQE of 4%. In the case of n = 2, the total EQE for both enantiomers is 4.3%, with polarized EQE of 3.4%, higher than the non‐polarized EQE of 0.9%. Degree of Polarization (DOP) is employed to characterize the fraction of an electromagnetic wave that exhibits polarization. The DOP analysis reveals a significant increase for low dimensional perovskite. Particularly for n = 2, R enantiomer exhibits a DOP of 53% compared to 2.5% for the non‐chiral molecule BzA. These findings demonstrate efficient polarized emission in 2D chiral perovskite LEDs, indicating promising avenues for advanced optical device applications.
Global Analysis of a Fractional‐Order Hepatitis B Virus Model Under Immune Response in the Presence of Cytokines
Authors: Naik Parvaiz Ahmad , Yeolekar Bijal M , Qureshi Sania , Manhas Neeraj , Ghoreishi Mohammad , Yeolekar Mahesh , Huang Zhengxin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis research proposes and investigates an epidemiological model to study the dynamic behaviors of the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) under immune response and cytokine influence. The model's stability, positivity, boundedness, and equilibria are analyzed using Lyapunov functional methods and the Routh–Hurwitz criterion under Caputo fractional derivative. The study evaluates nucleoside analogues and interferon treatments, determining critical drug efficiencies. Equilibria, including infection‐free and endemic states, are analyzed using the fundamental reproduction number, , to predict disease elimination. Numerical simulations utilize the fractional Adams method and the L1 scheme, capturing memory traces as the fractional order changes. Results show the L1 scheme effectively captures memory traces, providing empirical support for the theoretical findings. Furthermore, Ulam–Hyers stability is treated according to the equilibrium point, which describes relationships between functions. Notably, the findings of the study yielded profound insights. They revealed that the HBV system remains locally asymptotic stable at disease‐free and the endemic point when . At the same time, the simulations illustrated a correlation between the rate of infection and the rise in infected individuals, indicating the feasibility of eradicating and effectively managing HBV infections through a multifaceted approach and various measures such as vaccination and effective drug administration protocols. The proposed framework can guide medical professionals and decision‐makers in developing effective strategies to limit and eliminate the spread of HBV in the population.
Using Adaptive Imaging Parameters to Improve PEGylated Ultrasmall Iron Oxide Nanoparticles‐Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Angiography
Authors: Li Cang , Shan Shanshan , Chen Lei , Afshari Mohammad Javad , Wang Hongzhao , Lu Kuan , Kou Dandan , Wang Ning , Gao Yang , Liu Chunyi , Zeng Jianfeng , Liu Feng , Gao Mingyuan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe PEGylated ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticles (PUSIONPs) exhibit longer blood residence time and better biodegradability than conventional gadolinium‐based contrast agents (GBCAs), enabling prolonged acquisitions in contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE‐MRA) applications. The image quality of CE‐MRA is dependent on the contrast agent concentration and the parameters of the pulse sequences. Here, a closed‐form mathematical model is demonstrated and validated to automatically optimize the concentration, echo time (TE), repetition time (TR) and flip angle (FA). The pharmacokinetic studies are performed to estimate the dynamic intravascular concentrations within 12 h postinjection, and the adaptive concentration‐dependent sequence parameters are determined to achieve optimal signal enhancement during a prolonged measurement window. The presented model is tested on phantom and in vivo rat images acquired from a 3T scanner. Imaging results demonstrate excellent agreement between experimental measurements and theoretical predictions, and the adaptive sequence parameters obtain better signal enhancement than the fixed ones. The low‐dose PUSIONPs (0.03 mmol kg−1 and 0.05 mmol kg−1) give a comparable signal intensity to the high‐dose one (0.10 mmol kg−1) within 2 h postinjection. The presented mathematical model provides guidance for the optimization of the concentration and sequence parameters in PUSIONPs‐enhanced MRA, and has great potential for further clinical translation.
Aggregation‐induced emission biomarkers for early detection of orthopaedic implant failure
Authors: Tavakoli Javad , Hu Qi , Tipper Joanne L. , Tang Youhong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the substantial increase in total joint replacements for treating degenerative joint disease has heightened concerns regarding implant loosening and failure. This is especially critical as more young patients are undergoing both initial and subsequent joint replacement procedures. These complications often necessitate additional revision surgeries. Unfortunately, current clinical practices lack effective methods for the early detection of implant failure, and there is a noticeable absence of strategies utilizing molecular markers to identify post‐surgery implant issues. This article critically assesses the potential of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) biomarkers in detecting molecular markers relevant to implant failure. It begins by outlining the pathogenesis of implant loosening and identifying pertinent molecular markers. The study then delves into how AIE luminogens (AIEgens) can play a crucial role in detecting processes such as osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. Notably, it discusses the utilization of AIEgens in detecting key molecular markers, including TNF‐α, osteocalcin, and urinary N‐terminal telopeptide. The prospect of AIE biomarkers for the early detection of bone loss and implant failure presents a promising avenue for enhancing our understanding of skeletal health and improving clinical outcomes through timely intervention and personalized treatment approaches. Ongoing research and development in this area are crucial for translating AIE‐based technologies into practical tools for optimizing bone health management.
Is cultural appropriateness culturally specific? Intersectional insights from a community‐based participatory mental health intervention study conducted with diverse cultural groups
Authors: Hess Julia Meredith , Magan Ifrah Mahamud , Goodkind Jessica R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGrowing evidence supports the importance of culturally appropriate mental health interventions, yet it is not always feasible to develop culturally grounded interventions or adapt existing interventions for each cultural group. In addition, these approaches do not recognize the multiple intersecting aspects of culture and identity that individuals, families, and communities possess. Thus, an essential question is whether culturally appropriate mental health interventions have to be culturally specific. We address this question by examining processes of the Refugee Well‐being Project (RWP), a community‐based mental health intervention for refugees resettled in the United States, which included people from multiple cultural groups (Afghanistan, Great Lakes region of Africa, Iraq, and Syria) and was grounded in common experiences of forcibly displaced people from marginalized backgrounds. RWP incorporates a practice‐based concept of culture, an intersectional view of identity, and a multilevel approach to address postmigration stressors. Semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with 290 participants at preintervention, followed by interviews at three timepoints with a purposively selected subsample (n = 66). Additional interviews (n = 101) were conducted with refugee and student partners. Four themes demonstrated key principles for creating culturally appropriate interventions with diverse groups: (a) recognize cultural complexity in practice; (b) focus on how racism and discrimination are experienced in everyday life; (c) de‐center dominant US culture; and (d) create an egalitarian, inclusive space to put principles into action. We conclude that mental health interventions implemented with multiple, diverse groups can be culturally appropriate and effective without being culturally specific.
Recessive loss‐of‐function variants in DPH1 identified as the molecular cause in a sibling pair previously diagnosed with Fine–Lubinsky syndrome
Authors: Waskow Emily R. ,   Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Emrick Lisa T. , Rosenfeld Jill A. , Ketkar Shamika , Burrage Lindsay C. , Scott Daryl A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFine–Lubinsky syndrome is a rare clinically defined syndrome sometimes referred to as brachycephaly, deafness, cataract, microstomia, and impaired intellectual development syndrome. Here we provide a clinical and molecular update for a sibling pair diagnosed with Fine–Lubinsky syndrome. An extensive genetic work‐up, including chromosomal microarray analysis and quad exome sequencing, was nondiagnostic. However, a research reanalysis of their exome sequencing data revealed that both were homozygous for an intronic c.749+39G>A [NM_001383.6] variant in DPH1. RNAseq analysis performed on RNA from fibroblasts revealed significantly reduced expression of DPH1 transcripts suggestive of abnormal splicing followed by nonsense mediated mRNA decay. Since the phenotypes of this sibling pair were consistent with those associated with the inheritance of biallelic pathogenic variants in DPH1, they were given a diagnosis of developmental delay with short stature, dysmorphic facial features, and sparse hair 1 (DEDSSH1). This leads us to recommend that all individuals with a clinical diagnosis of Fine–Lubinsky syndrome be screened for variants in DPH1. The clinical histories of this sibling pair emphasize that hearing loss associated with DEDSSH1 may remit over time and that individuals with DEDSSH1 should be monitored for the development of cardiomyopathy. This case also demonstrates the clinical utility of RNAseq as a means of functionally validating the effects of intronic variants that may affect splicing.
Lumbarization and sacralization: Domains of their co‐occurrence with other costal‐vertebral transformations are not identical
Authors: Tague Robert G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study evaluates whether sacralization of a lumbar vertebra and lumbarization of a sacral vertebra are a paired duality but with opposite expressions; the former is associated with 23 presacral vertebrae (PSV) and the latter with 25 PSV. Are sacralization and lumbarization local phenomena, involving only vertebra (V) 24 and V25, or are they associated with other costal‐vertebral transformations?Materials and MethodsStudy sample is of skeletonized humans, 431 females and 1405 males, who were 20–49 years of age‐at‐death and who died in the United States in the 20th and 21st centuries. Data collected are numbers of PSV and sacral vertebrae, presence of rib of V7, position of diaphragmatic vertebra, and transverse process and rib lengths of V5–V9, V18–V19, and V21–V22.ResultsFemales and males differ significantly in numbers of PSV. Both sexes show significant differences among individuals with 23 PSV, 24 PSV, and 25 PSV: (1) individuals with 23 PSV have the shortest ribs, whereas those with 25 PSV have the longest ribs, of V18 and V19; and (2) individuals with 23 PSV have the highest frequency of 6 sacral vertebrae, whereas those with 25 PSV have the highest frequency of 5 sacral vertebrae.DiscussionIndividuals with 23 PSV and 25 PSV show posterior and anterior homeotic transformation, respectively, of the thoracic‐lumbar and lumbar‐sacral boundaries, but only individuals with 25 PSV show transformation of the sacral–coccygeal boundary. As co‐occurring costal‐vertebral transformations differ between sacralization and lumbarization, inferentially the set of genes that influences these vertebrae also differs.
Measuring Kinetics under Vibrational Strong Coupling: Testing for a Change in the Nucleophilicity of Water and Alcohols
Authors: Muller Cyprien , Mayer Robert J. , Piejko Maciej , Patrahau Bianca , Bauer Valentin , Moran Joseph 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVibrational Strong Coupling (VSC) has been reported to change the rate of organic reactions. However, a lack of convenient and reliable methods to measure reaction kinetics under VSC makes it challenging to obtain mechanistic insight into its influence, hindering progress in the field. Here, we use recently developed fixed‐width optical cavities to obtain large kinetic datasets under VSC with small errors (±1–5 %) in an operationally simple manner using UV/Vis spectroscopy. The setup is used to test whether VSC changes a fundamental kinetic property of polar reactions, nucleophilicity, for water and alcohols, species commonly used in VSC‐modified chemistry. We determined the rate constants for nucleophilic capture with a library of benzhydrilium ions as reference electrophiles with and without strong coupling of the nucleophile's key vibrations. For all investigated combinations of electrophiles and nucleophiles, only minor changes in the observed rate constants of the reactions were observed independently of the coupled bands. These results indicate that VSC does not substantially alter the nucleophilicity of water and alcohols, suggesting that polar reactions are modified through other, presently unknown mechanisms. Fixed‐width cavities allow for convenient and reproducible UV/Vis kinetics, facilitating mechanistic studies of VSC‐modified chemistry.
Elektrochemische Homo‐ und Kreuzcyclisierung von Alkinen und Nitrilen für die regio‐ und chemoselektive Synthese von 3,6‐Diarylpyridinen
Authors: Ghosh Mangish , Mandal Tirtha , Lepori Mattia , Barham Joshua‐Philip , Rehbein Julia , Reiser Oliver 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWir berichten eine elektrochemische [2+2+2]‐Cyclisierung von Alkinen mit Nitrilen, bei der in einem einzigen Schritt aus kostengünstigen, leicht verfügbaren Ausgangsmaterialien substituierte Pyridine gebildet werden. Durch die Kombination von Elektrochemie und einem Triarylamin‐Redoxvermittler kann auf Übergangsmetalle und zusätzliche Oxidationsmittel verzichtet werden. Neben der Bildung von Diarylpyridinen über die Homokupplung zweier identischer Alkine ist auch die Heterokupplung zweier unterschiedlicher Alkine in Abhängigkeit von ihren elektronischen Eigenschaften möglich, was die beispiellose Kontrolle der Chemoselektivität in diesem katalytischen [2+2+2]‐Prozess unterstreicht. Mechanistische Untersuchungen wie Cyclovoltammetrie und Crossover‐Experimente in Verbindung mit DFT‐Berechnungen deuten auf die einleitende Oxidation eines Alkins als Schlüsselschritt hin, der zur Bildung eines Vinylradikalkation führt. Der Einsatz der Durchflusstechnik erwies sich als entscheidend für ein effizientes Scale‐up des Prozesses. Die Nützlichkeit der Produkte wird durch die Synthese von Molekülen mit ausgedehnten π‐Systemen veranschaulicht, die für die Material‐ oder Arzneimittelsynthese relevant sind.
A Review of the Use of the Nickel Catalyst in Azide‐Alkyne Cycloaddition Reactions
Authors: Sarreshtehdar Aslaheh Hamideh , Payamifar Sara , Poursattar Marjani Ahmad 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTTrying to find beneficial and effective catalysis for synthesizing biologically active and valuable 1,2,3‐triazoles is continually being studied to make the procedure more efficient, green, and eco‐friendly. The click reaction is famous in green chemistry for its high selectivity and efficiency in generating 1,2,3‐triazoles with important pharmaceutical and biological activities. 1,3‐Dipolar cycloaddition reaction of organic azides and alkynes by copper‐mediated have a great deal of attention paid to and developed to provide 1,2,3‐triazoles. However, utilizing Cu(II) species frequently requires a reducing reagent, making this approach less atom‐economic. Recently, notable progress has been made in designing and developing metal‐catalyzed click reactions to prepare 1,2,3‐triazoles. As appropriate alternatives to copper catalysts, nickel catalysts can be a good choice in click reactions. This review thoroughly studies the excellent potential of nickel catalysts in azide‐alkyne cycloaddition reactions and recommends using them as proper alternatives to traditional copper catalysts. This review can pave the path for further application of nickel catalysts in click reactions.