bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustained hepatitis C virus clearance and increased hepatitis B surface antigen seroclearance in patients with dual chronic hepatitis C and B during posttreatment follow-up
Authors: Yu Ming-Lung , Lee Chuan-Mo , Chen Chi-Ling , Chuang Wan-Long , Lu Sheng-Nan , Liu Chen-Hua , Wu Shun-Sheng , Liao Li-Ying , Kuo Hsing-Tao , Chao You-Chen , Tung Shui-Yi , Yang Sien-Sing , Kao Jia-Horng , Su Wei-Wen , Lin Chih-Lin , Yang Hung-Chih , Chen Pei-Jer , Chen Ding-Shinn , Liu Chun-Jen 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Patients dually infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV)/hepatitis B virus (HBV) have a higher risk of developing advanced liver disease or hepatocellular carcinoma compared with monoinfected patients. Yet, there is a similar rate of sustained virologic response (SVR) after peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin combination therapy in these patients compared with HCV-monoinfected patients and a high hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance rate. The durability of hepatitis C and B clearance in coinfected patients was investigated in a 5-year follow-up study. Patients with active HCV genotype 1, both HBV-coinfected (n = 97) and HBV-monoinfected (n = 110), underwent 48-week combination therapy with peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin. In patients with active HCV genotype 2 or 3, both HBV-coinfected (n = 64) and monoinfected (n = 50) patients underwent 24-week combination therapy. A total of 295 (91.9%) patients completed treatment and 24 weeks posttreatment follow-up; 264 (89.5%) patients agreed to receive additional follow-up for up to 5 years after the end of treatment. After a median follow-up of 4.6 ± 1.0 years, six of the 232 patients achieving SVR developed HCV RNA reappearance, including five HCV genotype 1/HBV-coinfected patients and one HCV genotype 2/3-monoinfected patient. Subgenomic analysis of the HCV core gene indicated that five patients developed delayed recurrence of HCV infection. Overall, the cumulative recurrence rate of HCV infection was 2.3% (0.4%/year; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.9%-5.5%). The cumulative HBsAg seroclearance rate was 30.0% (95% CI, 21.5%-42.0%); with 33.1% (95% CI, 21.8%-50.1%) in the 48-week combination therapy group and 24.3% (95% CI, 13.7%-42.9%) in the 24-week therapy group.

Conclusion

: Peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin therapy provides good HCV SVR durability and a high accumulative HBsAg seroclearance rate in patients who are coinfected with HCV and HBV.
Bone marrow monosomy 7: Hematologic and clinical manifestations in childhood and adolescence
Authors: Hutter John J. , Hecht Frederick , Kaiser‐Mccaw Barbara , Hays Taru , Baranko Paul , Cohen Jesse , Durie Brian 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe hematologic manifestations and clinical course are described for six children and adolescents with bone marrow monosomy 7. One child with secondary acute myelogenous leukemia had monosomy 7 plus a marker chromosome; the remaining patients had marrow monosomy 7 as the only karyotypic abnormality. The hematologic abnormalities were diverse, but the majority of patients had a smoldering preleukemic or myeloproliferative phase. Leukemic blasts were either undifferentiated or demonstrated evidence of myeloid differentiation. All patients responded poorly to antileukemic therapy. Bone marrow monosomy 7 was observed in one patient with severe marrow hypoplasia. Antileukemic therapy in another patient with > 30 per cent marrow blasts was associated with the development of a bone marrow myeloproliferative disorder with persistence of the monosomy 7 karyotype. We speculate that monosomy 7 may be a specific marker for a pluripotent hematopoetic stem cell abnormality that is associated with either blastic leukemia or a myeloproliferative disorder.
Phenotyping of canine lymphoma with monoclonal antibodies directed at cell surface antigens: Classification, morphology, clinical presentation and response to chemotherapy
Authors: Appelbaum Frederick R. , Sale George E. , Storb Rainer , Charrier Keith , Deeg H. Joachim , Graham Ted , Wulff Jan C. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractForty cases of naturally occurring canine lymphoma were studied using a panel of murine monoclonal antibodies which identify defined subsets of normal canine lymphocytes. The distribution of phenotypes was similar to that which is seen in man in that the majority (78 per cent) of canine lymphomas were of B‐cell origin but a definite minority were phenotypically of T‐cell (10 per cent) or non‐B, non‐T‐cell (12 per cent) origin. The expression of Ia‐like antigens was restricted to B‐cell neoplasms. Within each histologic subgroup of canine lymphomas there was considerable heterogeneity of cell surface marker expression. Immunophenotype appeared to correlate with clinical presentation. Finally, the reactivity of lymphoma cells with murine monoclonal antibody DLy‐6, an antibody which appears to react with a differentiation antigen on canine B and T cells, strongly predicted the outcome of initial induction chemotherapy in that all ten evaluable dogs with DLy‐6− tumors achieved complete responses to initial chemotherapy while only four of 11 dogs with DLy‐6+ tumors responded completely.
A report on a prospective trial of no initial therapy in patients with asymptomatic favourable prognosis non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: Mead G. M. , Macbeth F. R. , Ryall R. D. H. , Williams C. J. , Whitehouse J. M. A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThirty‐one (58 per cent) of a group of fifty‐three unselected patients with stage II–IV favourable prognosis non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma were regarded as being eligible for a prospective study of no initial therapy. Seventeen of these patients (55 per cent) have required no treatment for periods from 6 + −47 + months, (median 18 months) and fourteen patients have been treated with chemotherapy for progressive disease after a period varying from 3–40 months (median 9·5 months). Selected asymptomatic patients with non‐bulky disease may be suitable for no initial therapy. Randomized prospective trials will be needed to test whether survival is affected by delaying therapy.
In situ immunologic characterization of follicular lymphomas
Authors: Ancelin E. , Delsol G. , Familiades J. , Mason D. Y. , Kuhlein E. , Al Saati T. , Laurent G. , Huguet‐Rigal F. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractSurface markers were studied in a series of follicular lymphomas with immunofluorescence on frozen sections (39 cases) and on cell suspensions (21 cases), and with immunoperoxidase on frozen sections using a panel of 15 monoclonal antibodies (17 cases).With immunofluorescence on frozen sections, 22/39 cases showed monotypic sIg (IgMK: 14 cases, IgML: 7 cases, M: 1 case). In the remaining 17 cases the neoplastic follicles were negative. Nevertheless, even if sIg is not detected, the absence of an extracellular immunoglobulin network is indicative of the neoplastic, and not of the reactive nature of lymphoid follicles.The results obtained with immunofluorescence on frozen sections and on cell suspensions were identical in about half of the cases. In 9/21 cases monotypic sIg were detected by only one of these two methods.All the 17 cases studied with immunoperoxidase on frozen sections using monoclonal antibodies demonstrated monotypic sIg. On low magnification 6/17 sIg+ exhibited a nodular staining pattern while 7/17 cases this staining was diffuse. In 4/17 cases the staining pattern for heavy and light chains was different. A thin mantle zone, with sIgM plus sIgD cells, was observed in only 4 cases. Anti‐HLA‐DR and Leu‐10 were positive in all cases. T cells positive for OKT3 were mainly distributed in the interfollicular areas; OKT4 + cells outnumbered OKT8 + cells. Within the neoplastic follicles, T cells stained mainly for OKT4 and OKT8 + cells were scarce. Leu‐7 + cells predominated within the neoplastic nodules in 5 cases. With the anti‐dendritic reticulum cell monoclonal antibody, all 17 cases showed a network, usually more loosely arranged than in reactive follicles. In 4 cases, of follicular and diffuse lymphoma, this network was extremely dissociated and in some areas these cells were scanty or lacking.We concluded that immunoperoxidase on frozen sections, using monoclonal antibodies, appears to be the most reliable method for the immunological phenotyping of follicular lymphomas.
Growth fractions in malignant non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) as determinedin situwith the monoclonal antibody Ki‐67
Authors: Gerdes Johannes , Dallenbach Frederike , Lennert Karl , Lemke Hilmar , Stein Harald 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe proportion of proliferating cells in malignant non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) was determinedin situby immunostaining with the monoclonal antibody Ki‐67, which reacts with a nuclear antigen that is present only in proliferating cells. A highly significant correlation could be demonstrated between the proportion of Ki‐67 positive cells and the classification into high and low‐grade NHL according to the Kiel classification. 93·8 per cent of high‐grade and 88·5 per cent of low‐grade malignancies were correctly allocated to these groups using the percentage of Ki‐67 positive cells as discriminant parameter. On the basis of the medians, the degree of proliferation also paralleled the succession of entities within the Kiel classification. Within most of these different entities, however, the ranges of Ki‐67 positive cells varied considerably, indicating that the growth fractions within these groups are rather heterogeneous. Thus it might be useful to determine the growth fraction of each individual case of NHL, because this might be of prognostic value.
Comparative effects of teriparatide and risedronate in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in men: 18-month results of the EuroGIOPs trial
Authors: Glüer Claus-C , Marin Fernando , Ringe Johann D , Hawkins Federico , Möricke Rüdiger , Papaioannu Nikolaos , Farahmand Parvis , Minisola Salvatore , Martínez Guillermo , Nolla Joan M , Niedhart Christopher , Guañabens Nuria , Nuti Ranuccio , Martín-Mola Emilio , Thomasius Friederike , Kapetanos Georgios , Peña Jaime , Graeff Christian , Petto Helmut , Sanz Beatriz , Reisinger Andreas , Zysset Philippe K 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT

Data on treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) in men are scarce. We performed a randomized, open-label trial in men who have taken glucocorticoids (GC) for ≥3 months, and had an areal bone mineral density (aBMD) T-score ≤ –1.5 standard deviations. Subjects received 20 μg/d teriparatide (n = 45) or 35 mg/week risedronate (n = 47) for 18 months. Primary objective was to compare lumbar spine (L1–L3) BMD measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT). Secondary outcomes included BMD and microstructure measured by high-resolution QCT (HRQCT) at the 12th thoracic vertebra, biomechanical effects for axial compression, anterior bending, and axial torsion evaluated by finite element (FE) analysis from HRQCT data, aBMD by dual X-ray absorptiometry, biochemical markers, and safety. Computed tomography scans were performed at 0, 6, and 18 months. A mixed model repeated measures analysis was performed to compare changes from baseline between groups. Mean age was 56.3 years. Median GC dose and duration were 8.8 mg/d and 6.4 years, respectively; 39.1% of subjects had a prevalent fracture, and 32.6% received prior bisphosphonate treatment. At 18 months, trabecular BMD had significantly increased for both treatments, with significantly greater increases with teriparatide (16.3% versus 3.8%; p = 0.004). HRQCT trabecular and cortical variables significantly increased for both treatments with significantly larger improvements for teriparatide for integral and trabecular BMD and bone surface to volume ratio (BS/BV) as a microstructural measure. Vertebral strength increases at 18 months were significant in both groups (teriparatide: 26.0% to 34.0%; risedronate: 4.2% to 6.7%), with significantly higher increases in the teriparatide group for all loading modes (0.005 &lt; p &lt; 0.015). Adverse events were similar between groups. None of the patients on teriparatide but five (10.6%) on risedronate developed new clinical fractures (p = 0.056). In conclusion, in this 18-month trial in men with GIO, teriparatide showed larger improvements in spinal BMD, microstructure, and FE-derived strength than risedronate.
Compensatory regulation of the Snai1 and Snai2 genes during chondrogenesis
Authors: Chen Ying , Gridley Thomas 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT

Endochondral bone formation is a multistep process during which a cartilage primordium is replaced by mineralized bone. Several genes involved in cartilage and bone development have been identified as target genes for the Snail family of zinc finger transcriptional repressors, and a gain-of-function study has demonstrated that upregulation of Snai1 activity in mouse long bones caused a reduction in bone length. However, no in vivo loss-of-function studies have been performed to establish whether Snail family genes have an essential, physiological role during normal bone development. We demonstrate here that the Snai1 and Snai2 genes function redundantly during embryonic long bone development in mice. Deletion of the Snai2 gene, or limb bud–specific conditional deletion of the Snai1 gene, did not result in obvious defects in the skeleton. However, limb bud–specific Snai1 deletion on a Snai2 null genetic background resulted in substantial defects in the long bones of the limbs. Long bones of the Snai1/Snai2 double mutants exhibited defects in chondrocyte morphology and organization, inhibited trabecular bone formation, and delayed ossification. Chondrocyte proliferation was markedly reduced, and transcript levels of genes encoding cell cycle regulators, such as p21Waf1/Cip1, were strikingly upregulated in the Snai1/Snai2 double mutants, suggesting that during chondrogenesis Snail family proteins act to control cell proliferation by mediating expression of cell-cycle regulators. Snai2 transcript levels were increased in Snai1 mutant femurs, whereas Snai1 transcript levels were increased in Snai2 mutant femurs. In addition, in the mutant femurs the Snai1 and Snai2 genes compensated for each other's loss not only quantitatively, but also by expanding their expression into the other genes' normal expression domains. These results demonstrate that the Snai1 and Snai2 genes transcriptionally compensate temporally, spatially, and quantitatively for each other's loss, and demonstrate an essential role for Snail family genes during chondrogenesis in mice.
Isolation of a novel strain of Planomicrobium chinense from diesel contaminated soil of tropical environment
Authors: Das Reena , Tiwary Bhupendra N. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA novel bacterial strain (B6) degrading high concentration of diesel oil [up to 2.5% (v/v)] was isolated from a site contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons in the state of Chhattisgarh, India. The strain demonstrated efficient degradation for diesel oil range alkanes (C14 to C36 i.e., mostly linear chain alkanes). It was identified to be 99% similar to Planomicrobium chinense on the basis of partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing and biochemical characteristics. The efficiency of degradation was optimized at pH 7.2 and temperature at 32 °C. GC analysis demonstrated complete mineralization of higher chain alkanes into lower chain alkanes within 96 h. The organism also displayed surface tension reduction by producing stable emulsification on the onset of stationary phase. A multidimensional characteristics of the strain to grow at a high temperature range, resistance to various heavy metals as well as tolerance to moderate concentration of NaCl makes it suitable for bioremediation of soil contaminated with diesel oil in tropical environment.
Edaphobacillus lindanitolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) contaminated soil
Authors: Lal Devi , Khan Fazlurrahman , Gupta Sanjay Kumar , Schumann Peter , Lal Rup 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA Gram‐staining‐positive, aerobic, cocco‐bacilli‐shaped, non‐motile, non‐spore forming, cream colored strain bacterium (strain MNA4T) was isolated from hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) contaminated soil. Strain MNA4T showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 97.47% with type species of the newly defined genus Bhargavaea cecembensis. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain MNA4T belonged to a clade represented by Bhargavaea cecembensis, Bacillus beijingensis and Bacillus ginsengi. DNA‐DNA hybridization values of the strain MNA4T with close relatives were well below the 70% threshold value recommended for delineation of species. The major fatty acids were anteiso C15:0, anteiso C17:0, iso C16:0 and iso C15:0. The strain was found to contain respiratory quinones MK‐8, MK‐9 and MK‐7 in an approximate molar ratio of 85:7:5. Polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and two unknown phospholipids. The DNA G + C content was 55.6 mol%. Peptidoglycan type was A4α (L‐Lys – L‐Ala – D‐Asp). Phylogenetic analysis, fatty acids profile, phenotypic properties and chemotaxonomic data of strain MNA4T indicated that it represents a novel species of a novel genus for which the name Edaphobacillus lindanitolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is MNA4T (=CCM 7584T = DSM 22424T).
Survival of Barrow's goldeneyes during remigial molt and fall staging
Authors: Hogan Danica , Thompson Jonathan E. , Esler Daniel 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPostbreeding survival of waterfowl is rarely quantified, despite potential for constraints during this stage of the annual cycle that may subsequently affect population dynamics. We estimated survival of radio‐marked adult male Barrow's goldeneyes (Bucephala islandica) during remigial molt and fall staging at Cardinal and Leddy Lakes in the Boreal Transition Zone of northwestern Alberta, Canada. Daily survival rate (DSR) was high during remigial molt (DSR = 0.9987, 95% CI: 0.9967–1.0000), corresponding to a 39‐day period survival rate (PSR) of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.88–1.00). During fall staging, DSR was markedly lower (DSR = 0.9938, 95% CI: 0.9898–0.9978), corresponding to a PSR of 0.68 (95% CI: 0.53–0.87) over the 62‐day period between the end of remigial molt and fall migration. Half of fall staging mortalities observed on Cardinal Lake were directly attributed to hunting. We conclude that remigial molt is a period with high survival in the annual cycle of Barrow's goldeneyes at our study sites. However, in light of low fall staging survival, Barrow's goldeneye harvest management strategies should be carefully evaluated with intent to reduce risk of localized high mortality at significant staging sites in western Canada. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Nonlinear Brønsted and Hammett Correlations Associated with Reactions of 4‐Chloro‐7‐nitrobenzofurazan with Anilines in Dimethyl Sulfoxide Solution
Authors: Jmaoui I. , Boubaker T. , Goumont R. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe kinetics and mechanism of nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions of 4‐chloro‐7‐nitrobenzofurazan 1 with 4‐X‐substituted anilines 2a–g (X = OH, OCH3, CH3, H, I, Cl, and CN) are investigated in a dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) solution at 25°C. The Hammett plot of log k1 versus σ is nonlinear for all the anilines studied due to positive deviations of the electron‐donating substituents. However, the corresponding Yukawa–Tsuno plot resulted in a good linear correlation with σ+r (σ+−σ). The corresponding Brønsted‐type plot is also nonlinear, i.e., the slope (βnuc) changes from 1.60 to 0.56 as the basicity of anilines decreases. These results indicate a change in a mechanism from a polar SNAr process for less basic nucleophiles (X = I, Cl, and CN) to a single electron transfer for more basic nucleophiles (X = OH, OCH3, and CH3). The satisfactory log k1 versus Eo correlation obtained for the reactions of 1 with anilines 2a–d in the present system is consistent with the proposed mechanism. Interestingly, the βnuc = 1.60 value measured for 1 in Me2SO reflects one of the highest coefficients Brønsted ever observed for SNAr reactions. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 45: 152–160, 2013
Fiber optic probes for linear and nonlinear Raman applications – Current trends and future development
Authors: Latka Ines , Dochow Sebastian , Krafft Christoph , Dietzek Benjamin , Popp Jürgen 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis review focuses on fiber optic probes for linear and nonlinear Raman spectroscopy, especially for medical applications. It aims at providing an overview over contemporary technology, recent first clinical trials, and helps identifying future developments necessary to bring the emerging technology to clinical end users. After a short introduction to linear and nonlinear Raman spectroscopic modalities, general design considerations will be discussed and compared to common fiber probe setups. Subsequently, examples for medical applications of fiber optic Raman probes will be given concentrating on probes for linear Raman spectroscopy as these devices are technologically more mature compared to their counterparts based on nonlinear Raman spectroscopy. The review also includes a brief summary of first multimodal fiber optic probes and highlights their benefits for clinical applications. Finally, probes are introduced which employ either nonlinear Raman spectroscopy or surface enhanced spectroscopy.
Upconverting nanoparticles for pre‐clinical diffuse optical imaging, microscopy and sensing: Current trends and future challenges
Authors: Xu Can T. , Zhan Qiuqiang , Liu Haichun , Somesfalean Gabriel , Qian Jun , He Sailing , Andersson‐Engels Stefan 
Published: January 2013

AbstractUpconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are a class of recently developed luminescent biomarkers that – in several aspects – are superior to organic dyes and quantum dots. UCNPs can emit spectrally narrow anti‐Stokes shifted light with quantum yields which greatly exceed those of two‐photon dyes for fluence rates relevant for deep tissue imaging. Compared with conventionally used Stokes‐shifting fluorophores, UCNP‐based imaging systems can acquire completely autofluorescence‐free data with superb contrast. For diffuse optical imaging, the multi‐photon process involved in the upconversion process can be used to obtain images with unprecedented resolution. These unique properties make UCNPs extremely attractive in the field of biophotonics. UCNPs have already been applied in microscopy, small‐animal imaging, multi‐modal imaging, highly sensitive bioassays, temperature sensing and photodynamic therapy. In this review, the current state‐of‐the‐art UCNPs and their applications for diffuse imaging, microscopy and sensing targeted towards solving essential biological issues are discussed.
Silver nanowires for photonics applications
Authors: Xiong Xiao , Zou Chang‐Ling , Ren Xi‐Feng , Liu Ai‐Ping , Ye Yan‐Xia , Sun Fang‐Wen , Guo Guang‐Can 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAlthough silver nanowires as plasmonic components have been investigated extensively in both theoretical and experimental studies, a systematic study is still lacking. In this work, a review is given to explain some basic features of experimentally prepared nanowires and their optical properties in different situations, such as waveguides, resonators, and antennas. The review also lists several possible applications of nanowires for enhanced light‐emitting, photonic device fabrication, sensors, lasers, and nonlinear optics. Combined with the merits of both nanowires and surface plasmon polaritons, silver nanowires are certain to show their potential in photonics in the near future.