bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L'émergence d'une critique artistique : la danse hip-hop
Authors: Shapiro Roberta 
Published: January 2013

Résumé L’analyse de corpus d’articles parus de 1987 à 2001 montre que deux grands quotidiens nationaux, Le Monde et Libération, accordent une place non négligeable à la danse hip-hop. Au cours de la période, les rédacteurs se dégagent progressivement d’une description en termes d’animation culturelle au bénéfice d’une approche en termes artistiques, délaissant du coup le portrait socio-démographique des producteurs pour la qualification esthétique de leurs œuvres. Ils qualifient de « courant de la danse contemporaine » ce qui a longtemps été perçu comme un jeu d’adolescents destiné à passer de mode. Mais il ne s’agit pas seulement de labellisation : la requalification artistique opéré par le discours journalistique a accompagné un long travail de transformation concrète de l’activité elle-même, engagée dans les années 1980, et qui est l’œuvre d’une pluralité d’acteurs : danseurs hip-hop, travailleurs sociaux, administrateurs et artistes du monde du spectacle vivant, agents de la puissance publique. En en faisant ensuite un objet de compte-rendu digne de la curiosité publique, en la qualifiant de danse, les critiques contribuent à faire connaître le hip-hop bien au-delà du cercle des premiers pratiquants. En définissant les producteurs et leurs œuvres en référence à une filiation esthético-historique, en en faisant la théorie, le discours critique influence et oriente en retour les actions des personnes évaluées, les désigne comme dignes du soutien des financeurs et contribue à former un public. Mais il témoigne également des limites de la reconnaissance qu’on veut bien accorder à une expression portée principalement par les enfants de l’immigration.
Le deust comme formation théâtrale universitaire du comédien en région
Authors: Cardot Nathalie 
Published: January 2013

Résumé Nous tenterons par le biais du deust (diplôme d’étude universitaire scientifique et technique) formation théâtrale régionale à Besançon (Franche-Comté), d’observer comment l’université se positionne aujourd’hui dans le paysage théâtral. L’aspect régional nous autorise à saisir les différentes voies et possibilités offertes à l’étudiant en région dans la recherche d’une formation théâtrale. Deux types d’enseignement s’offrent à l’étudiant de théâtre en France, le premier relève d’institutions sous tutelle d’État et le second de cours privés très nombreux et de valeur inégale. Le deust théâtre est une formation universitaire de deux ans à finalité professionnelle qui fonctionne en parallèle d’un deug théâtre. Cette formation, comme beaucoup d’autres se trouve confrontée au culte de l’autodidaxie et au discours de la non-utilité de posséder un diplôme pour être comédien. La justification du deust se fonde sur l’utilité du passage par une école pour être comédien et sur la complémentarité théorie-pratique. L’étudiant, apprenti comédien, en s’engageant dans le deust , suit une formation théâtrale par alternance lui permettant d’intégrer les codes et les règles du champ théâtral. Deux promotions ont été suivies grâce à la méthode de l’entretien. Elles nous ont expliqué les difficultés rencontrées, les possibilités de débouchés et l’échec rencontré lors de la formation. L’université, nouvelle recrue sur le marché des formations théâtrales, rivalisera-t-elle avec les écoles spécialisées en théâtre ?
Critiques et cinéastes à l'épreuve des gens ordinaires sur internet
Authors: Verdrager Pierre 
Published: January 2013

Résumé L’auteur analyse dans cet article la controverse qui a eu lieu en 1999 au sujet de la fonction et de la place de la critique cinématographique. L’objet de l’enquête est la mise au jour des principes sur lesquels prennent appui les personnes pour forger leur jugement ; son terrain a été fourni par le Forum du site Internet du journal Libération où se sont exprimées bon nombres de personnes au sujet de cette controverse ; sa méthode est guidée par le respect du double principe de la neutralité axiologique et de la symétrie analytique.
Historicités du 20 e siècle
Authors: Bantigny Ludivine 
Published: January 2013

Résumé Ce texte propose d’examiner les définitions de la notion d’« historicités », d’explorer les usages qui en sont faits ou pourraient en être faits par les sciences sociales en général et par l’histoire en particulier, et de réfléchir à ce qui a été nommé le « présentisme ». Si la définition est loin d’être figée, on peut entendre par historicité la capacité qu’ont les acteurs d’une société ou d’une communauté donnée à inscrire leur présent dans une histoire, à le penser comme situé dans un temps non pas neutre mais signifiant, par la conception qu’ils s’en font, les interprétations qu’ils s’en donnent et les récits qu’ils en forgent. L’historicité suppose une conscience mouvante et changeante du passé et du futur, façonnée à l’aune du présent. Il est dès lors important d’insister sur la pluralité des modes d’historicités et donc sur leur coexistence. Par là, il s’agit de considérer les formes d’historicités dominantes et les résistances qui peuvent aussi lui être opposées.
L'historicité nazie
Authors: Chapoutot Johann 
Published: January 2013

Résumé On perçoit, de l’extérieur, le projet nazi comme une projection vers un millenium de modernité et de domination. À y regarder de plus près, on s’aperçoit que la conception nazie du temps est plus rétrospective que prospective : « l’homme nouveau » est le produit d’une archéologie eugéniste, et la fin ultime du projet nazi est de mettre un terme à l’histoire, au passage du temps, en éliminant une bonne fois pour toutes l’éternel ennemi de la race nordique. Le temps nazi rêvé est donc l’immobilité de la stase, un temps eschatologique, sans guerre ni passage, qui est proprement une sortie de l’histoire pour rejoindre le temps, routinier et réitératif, de la nature.
Le temps politisé
Authors: Bantigny Ludivine 
Published: January 2013

Résumé Cet article entend revisiter l’événement Mai-Juin 68 à l’aune de la conscience historique qu’en ont ses différents acteurs et du rapport aux temporalités imbriquées qu’ils entretiennent alors. Il évoque l’attention particulière prêtée au temps vécu comme un « temps de qualité », entre sentiment de l’urgence et impression de vivre un moment suspendu. Pour autant, ces temporalités elles-mêmes sont replacées dans la conscience que l’histoire est en train de se faire et qu’elle nécessite de réfléchir à cette condition historique, où le passé est un héritage pour mieux penser l’avenir. De fait, les références historiques mobilisées ici n’ont rien de figé ; elles signent bien plutôt un rendez-vous de l’histoire et de l’événement, ce qui en fait un passé vivant.
Acute Anterior Uveitis Following Intravitreal Injection of Bevacizumab
Authors: Mozayan Arash , Farah Samer 
Published: January 2013

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To report five cases of iritis after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
The clinical charts of patients who received intravitreal injections of bevacizumab or ranibizumab from January 2009 to September 2011 by one physician were retrospectively reviewed.

RESULTS:
A total of 1,097 injections of bevacizumab and 571 of ranibizumab were administered. Five patients developed acute anterior uveitis and presented with severe pain, photophobia, conjunctival injection, and anterior chamber reaction 2 to 24 hours after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab. All five patients were treated with topical corticosteroids with rapid resolution of the inflammation.

CONCLUSION:
Although uncommon, acute iritis is a complication of intravitreal injection of bevacizumab.
Carbon Nanotube Bucky Paper as an Artificial Support Membrane for Retinal Cell Transplantation
Authors: Leng Theodore , Fishman Harvey A. 
Published: January 2013

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Transplantation of epithelial cells on a substrate to rescue diseased retinal cells is an experimental therapy for age-related macular degeneration. Carbon nanotube bucky paper was tested for cell transplantation into the retina.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Bucky paper was prepared and human RPE cells cultured on its surface demonstrating its utility as a cell transplantation substrate. Bucky paper was implanted underneath 9 rabbit retinas using a standard 3-port pars plana vitrectomy and subretinal bleb. A 1 mm retinotomy was created through which Bucky paper precut to fit was inserted with the subretinal forceps, into the subretinal bleb. The retina was reattached by airfluid exchange.

RESULTS:
By light microscopy, RPE cells demonstrated normal morphology and growth patterns on the bucky paper surface. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed a confluent monolayer of cells, and indicated the formation of microvilli on the apical surface. Bucky paper remained flat in the subretinal space after 2 weeks, the retina fully attached without edema or inflammation.

CONCLUSION:
Bucky paper possesses the necessary attributes for therapeutic cell transplantation in the eye.
Oligodeoxynucleotides Expressing Polyguanosine Motifs Promote Antitumor Activity through the Upregulation of IL-2
Authors: Kobayashi Nobuaki , Hong Choongman , Klinman Dennis M. , Shirota Hidekazu 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe primary goal of cancer immunotherapy is to elicit an immune response capable of eliminating the tumor. One approach toward accomplishing that goal uses general (rather than tumor-specific) immunomodulatory agents to boost the number and activity of pre-existing CTLs. We find that the intratumoral injection of polyguanosine (poly-G) oligonucleotides (ODN) has such an effect, boosting antitumor immunity and promoting tumor regression. The antitumor activity of poly-G ODN was mediated through CD8 T cells in a TLR9-independent manner. Mechanistically, poly-G ODN directly induced the phosphorylation of Lck (an essential element of the T cell–signaling pathway), thereby enhancing the production of IL-2 and CD8 T cell proliferation. These findings establish poly-G ODN as a novel type of cancer immunotherapy.
Activation of TLR4 Is Required for the Synergistic Induction of Dual Oxidase 2 and Dual Oxidase A2 by IFN-γ and Lipopolysaccharide in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Wu Yongzhong , Lu Jiamo , Antony Smitha , Juhasz Agnes , Liu Han , Jiang Guojian , Meitzler Jennifer L. , Hollingshead Melinda , Haines Diana C. , Butcher Donna , Roy Krishnendu , Doroshow James H. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Pancreatitis is associated with release of proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species and plays an important role in the development of pancreatic cancer. We recently demonstrated that dual oxidase (Duox)2, an NADPH oxidase essential for reactive oxygen species–related, gastrointestinal host defense, is regulated by IFN-γ–mediated Stat1 binding to the Duox2 promoter in pancreatic tumor lines. Because LPS enhances the development and invasiveness of pancreatic cancer in vivo following TLR4-related activation of NF-κB, we examined whether LPS, alone or combined with IFN-γ, regulated Duox2. We found that upregulation of TLR4 by IFN-γ in BxPC-3 and CFPAC-1 pancreatic cancer cells was augmented by LPS, resulting in activation of NF-κB, accumulation of NF-κB (p65) in the nucleus, and increased binding of p65 to the Duox2 promoter. TLR4 silencing with small interfering RNAs, as well as two independent NF-κB inhibitors, attenuated LPS- and IFN-γ–mediated Duox2 upregulation in BxPC-3 cells. Induction of Duox2 expression by IFN-γ and LPS may result from IFN-γ–related activation of Stat1 acting in concert with NF-κB–related upregulation of Duox2. Sustained extracellular accumulation of H2O2 generated by exposure to both LPS and IFN-γ was responsible for an ∼50% decrease in BxPC-3 cell proliferation associated with a G1 cell cycle block, apoptosis, and DNA damage. We also demonstrated upregulation of Duox expression in vivo in pancreatic cancer xenografts and in patients with chronic pancreatitis. These results suggest that inflammatory cytokines can interact to produce a Duox-dependent pro-oxidant milieu that could increase the pathologic potential of pancreatic inflammation and pancreatic cancer cells.
Ultrasound-guided Endovascular Treatment for Vascular Access Malfunction: Results in 4896 Cases
Authors: Wakabayashi Masanori , Hanada Sayaka , Nakano Hiroyuki , Wakabayashi Tsunemichi 
Published: January 2013

Purpose For the protracted maintenance of vascular access, countermeasures against stenosis are important. Between March 2004 and October 2011 superficial ultrasound-guided percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) was performed in our hospital for arteriovenous fistula malfunction in 4869 cases in 1011 patients, and the utility of the treatment was assessed on the basis of early results. In cases where vascular intervention was deemed necessary, the procedure was conducted under ultrasound guidance as first option, with fluoroscopy and radiography used additionally as necessary. Methods The ultrasound apparatus used was primarily the 11 MHz linear-type probe (GE-Yokogawa Logiq S6). For subclavian and brachiocephalic veins, the microconvex-type probe was used to visualize the lesion through the intercostal space. In obstruction cases, ultrasound-guided PTA was performed after superficial ultrasound-guided aspiration or thrombus removal. Results In stenosis cases, early success (technical and clinical) was obtained in 4288 of 4414 cases (97.1%). In obstruction cases, early success was obtained in 443 cases and 91.9% for obstruction cases. Assistance by intra-operative fluoroscopy or radiography was required in 55 cases, and surgical reconstruction was required in 42 cases. Serious complications occurred in 12 of 4869 cases (0.2%). Conclusions Ultrasound-guided PTA for arteriovenous fistula malfunction could be used as a substitute for fluoroscopy-guided PTA, and enables the use of safe and rapid intervention techniques.
Hiperplasia Prostática Benigna e PSA: o efeito dominó
Authors: Santos José Agostinho 
Published: January 2013

Após a publicação de uma recomendação contra o rastreio câncer prostático pela U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, a comunidade médica não poderá desvincular-se das particularidades relacionadas com o antígeno prostático específico (PSA). O enfoque dado às guidelines da Hiperplasia Prostática surge pela possível partilha, a determinado ponto da sua abordagem, de um trilho que cursa também com a solicitação do PSA. Os resultados de dois grandes ensaios clínicos constituem o maior corpo da evidência actual e deles sobressai que o número de homens que evitaram a morte por câncer prostático após submetidos ao rastreio foi reduzido. Há evidência de que 100-200 em 1000 homens rastreados terão um falso-positivo, a maioria dos quais será biopsada, com possíveis danos psicológicos e orgânicos. O Médico de Família deverá relembrar que não é recomendado que se ofereça esta análise, sem que primeiro discuta, juntamente com o paciente, as questões inerentes ao PSA.
Le marché européen de défense : un nouvel espace de luttes
Authors: Lavallée Chantal 
Published: January 2013

L’adoption du « paquet défense », y compris la défense dans le marché intérieur de l’ue, soulève la question du rôle de la Commission dans ce domaine névralgique. Cet article, en combinant une approche holiste de la sécurité avec la notion de champ, met en lumière la contribution de la Commission et ses relations avec les autres acteurs dans la mise en place du marché européen de défense. En analysant les pratiques et leurs effets structurants, cet article démontre que ce marché n’est pas le résultat d’une convergence des politiques nationales, mais un espace de luttes de pouvoir et de stratégies entre plusieurs acteurs, étatiques et non étatiques, pour mieux se positionner au sein du champ européen de la sécurité et de la défense.
De quoi la politique de sécurité et de défense commune est-elle l’expression ?
Authors: Balzacq Thierry 
Published: January 2013

À contre-courant des récits les plus influents, les contributions rassemblées dans ce numéro d’Études internationales débouchent, à titre principal, sur un enseignement : les pratiques rendues possibles par lapsdcsecrètent les prémices d’une culture stratégique. L’objet de cette conclusion est de mettre en exergue et, simultanément, de discuter les différents arguments qui sous-tendent ce résultat. Tout en restant attentif à la singularité des préoccupations des articles passés au crible, ce texte fait l’hypothèse que l’évolution de lapsdcexprime – en même temps qu’elle en dépend – trois éléments qui permettent aux textes précédents de s’emboîter : d’abord, la manière dont l’Union européenne fabrique ses politiques dans les domaines de la défense et de la sécurité ; ensuite, les processus qu’elle isole ; enfin, les mécanismes d’exercice de la puissance qu’elle privilégie.
A Successful Model for Laparoscopic Training in Mongolia
Authors: Vargas Gabriela , Price Raymond R. , Sergelen Orgoi , Lkhagvabayar Byadran , Batcholuun Pandaan , Enkhamagalan Tsiiregzen 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
The benefits of laparoscopic surgery have not been available to the majority of Mongolians. Mongolian surgical leaders requested assistance in expanding laparoscopy. A capacity-building approach for teaching laparoscopic cholecystectomy throughout Mongolia is reviewed. A laparoscopic cholecystectomy training program was developed. The program included a didactic course and an intensive 2-week practical operating experience. Courses were taught in Ulaanbataar and at 3 of the 4 regional diagnostic referral and treatment centers from 2006 to 2010. During this training period, a total of 303 teaching laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed. There was one common bile duct injury and one duodenal injury. The conversion rate was 2.0%. This program has been successful in creating a self-sustaining practice of training. The traditional surgical approach to gallbladder disease in Mongolia has been challenged and has, in turn, been a stimulus for improvement in the medical community.
Pulmonary Metastasis From Breast Cancer With an 18-Year Disease-Free Interval: Implication of the Role of Surgery
Authors: Fujii Takaaki , Yajima Reina , Yamaki Ei , Kohsaka Takayuki , Yamaguchi Satoru , Tsutsumi Soichi , Mogi Akira , Asao Takayuki , Kuwano Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
The appearance of pulmonary metastasis more than 15 years after primary treatment for breast cancer is rare. We herein report the case of a breast cancer patient with solitary pulmonary metastasis, after an 18-year disease-free period, treated with resection. A 66-year-old Japanese woman was found to exhibit an abnormal shadow on a chest X-ray. She had undergone a left mastectomy for breast cancer 18 years previously. The nodule was suspected to be either metastatic or primary lung cancer, and thus thoracoscopic surgery was performed. The histologic diagnosis was metastasis from breast cancer. Pulmonary resection in breast cancer recurrence is an important diagnostic tool that allows for a differential diagnosis with primary lung cancer. The clinical implication of surgery for a solitary pulmonary metastasis from breast cancer is discussed in this report.
Minimally Invasive Treatment of Pilonidal Disease: Crystallized Phenol and Laser Depilation
Authors: Girgin Mustafa , Kanat Burhan Hakan , Ayten Refik , Cetinkaya Ziya , Kanat Zekiye , Bozdağ Ahmet , Turkoglu Ahmet , Ilhan Yavuz Selim 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Pilonidal disease has been treated surgically and by various other methods for many years. The most important problem associated with such treatment is recurrence, but cosmetic outcome is another important issue that cannot be ignored. Today, crystallized phenol is recognized as a treatment option associated with good medical and cosmetic outcomes. We hypothesized that the addition of laser depilation to crystallized phenol treatment of pilonidal disease might increase the rate of success, and this study aimed to determine if the hypothesis was true. Patients who were treated with crystallized phenol and 755-nm alexandrite laser depilation were retrospectively analyzed. In total, 42 (31 male and 11 female) patients were treated with crystallized phenol and alexandrite laser depilation and were followed up between January 2009 and January 2012. In all, 38 patients (90.5%) had chronic disease and 4 (9.5%) had recurrent disease. Among the patients, 26 (61.9%) recovered following 1 crystallized phenol treatment, and the remaining patients had complete remission following repeated treatment. Some patients needed multiple treatments, even up to 8 times. None of the patients had a recurrence during a mean 24 months (range, 6–30 months) of follow-up. Whatever method of treatment is used for pilonidal disease, hair cleaning positively affects treatment outcome. The present results support the hypothesis that the addition of laser depilation (which provides more permanent and effective depilation than other methods) to crystallized phenol treatment (a non-radical, minimally invasive method associated with very good cosmetic results) can increase the effectiveness of the treatment and also reduce the recurrence rate of the disease.
Tranexamic Acid: A Potential Adjunct to Resectoscopic Endometrial Ablation
Authors: Ergun Bulent , Bastu Ercan , Ozsurmeli Mehmet , Celik Cem 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a substantial cause of ill health in women worldwide. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of endometrial ablation using a modified urologic resectoscope along with tranexamic acid in AUB. Sixty patients were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent resectoscopic surgery. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 (n = 30) received 500 mg of tranexamic acid. Group 2 (n = 30) served as the control group and underwent surgery without the administration of tranexamic acid. Total pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC) scores were significantly lower postoperatively (152.14 ± 9.65 versus 6.6 ± 0.90; P &lt; 0.001). When stratified by the administration of tranexamic acid, the number of patients with a postoperative day 1 PBAC score ≤15 was higher in the tranexamic group (19 versus 13), whereas the number of patients with a post operative day 1 PBAC score &gt;15 was lower in the tranexamic group (11 versus 17), but the differences were not statistically significant (P &gt; 0.05). AUB is a complex disease that may need repeated treatments. In expert hands, the treatment rate of resectoscopic surgery seems acceptable. However, some patients may require additional interventions, like repeated surgery, hysterectomy, or a drug therapy in the long run. Introduction of tranexamic acid as a potential adjunct to rollerball endometrial ablation may present an interesting option that requires additional well-designed studies before firm conclusions can be made.
Barium Appendicitis 1 Month After a Barium Meal
Authors: Urade Masaaki , Shinbo Toshihumi 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Because barium sulfate (BaSO4) is not harmful to the mucosa, it is widely used for gastrointestinal imaging. Barium appendicitis is a very rare complication of barium meals and barium enema. We report a case of acute appendicitis associated with retained appendiceal barium. A 47-year-old man presented with right lower abdominal pain after upper gastrointestinal imaging was performed using barium 1 month earlier. The abdominal plain roentgenogram showed an area of retained barium in the right lower quadrant. Multiplanar reconstruction of computed tomography scans showed barium retention in the appendix. Emergency appendectomy was performed. A cross section of the specimen revealed the barium mass. Barium-associated appendicitis is a very rare clinical entity but we should be cautious of this uncommon disease when we encounter barium deposits in the appendix after barium examination. This report is significant because barium was identified both macroscopically and microscopically.