bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐1,3‐benzoselenazoles by Reaction of Bis(2‐aminophenyl) Diselenides with Aryl Aldehydes Using Sodium Metabisulfite
Authors: Radatz Catia Schwartz , Alves Diego , Schneider Paulo Henrique 
Published: May 2013

Abstractunder both thermal and microwave irradiation conditions
ChemInform Abstract: From the Bottom up: Dimensional Control and Characterization in Molecular Monolayers
Authors: Claridge Shelley A. , Liao Wei‐Ssu , Thomas John C. , Zhao Yuxi , Cao Huan H. , Cheunkar Sarawut , Serino Andrew C. , Andrews Anne M. , Weiss Paul S. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractReview: 337 refs.
A decentralized and service‐based solution for data mediation: the case for data providing service compositions
Authors: Sellami Mohamed , Gaaloul Walid , Defude Bruno 
Published: May 2013

SummaryThe last few years have seen an increase in the use of e‐services as a natural consequence of the service‐based economy growth. However, the distributed nature of services can raise several heterogeneity problems that can hamper the widespread adoption of service‐oriented architectures (SOA). In this paper, we are interested in data heterogeneity problems that can occur when using composite services. We propose a service‐based approach for automatically inserting appropriate mediation services in service compositions to resolve structural heterogeneities in their data flow. This mediation is ensured through a special kind of Web services called data mapping Web services. In addition, in order to be in agreement with the distributed nature of the Web, we propose a decentralized solution to publish/discover these services. We demonstrate how our approach applies to the data structural heterogeneity problem in data providing service compositions as a particular data heterogeneity case. Provided experimental results show that our approach is efficient in realistic situations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive divergence in body size overrides the effects of plasticity across natural habitats in the brown trout
Authors: Rogell Björn , Dannewitz Johan , Palm Stefan , Dahl Jonas , Petersson Erik , Laurila Anssi 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe evolution of life‐history traits is characterized by trade‐offs between different selection pressures, as well as plasticity across environmental conditions. Yet, studies on local adaptation are often performed under artificial conditions, leaving two issues unexplored: (i) how consistent are laboratory inferred local adaptations under natural conditions and (ii) how much phenotypic variation is attributed to phenotypic plasticity and to adaptive evolution, respectively, across environmental conditions? We reared fish from six locally adapted (domesticated and wild) populations of anadromous brown trout (Salmo trutta) in one semi‐natural and three natural streams and recorded a key life‐history trait (body size at the end of first growth season). We found that population‐specific reaction norms were close to parallel across different streams andQSTwas similar – and larger thanFST– within all streams, indicating a consistency of local adaptation in body size across natural environments. The amount of variation explained by population origin exceeded the variation across stream environments, indicating that genetic effects derived from adaptive processes have a stronger effect on phenotypic variation than plasticity induced by environmental conditions. These results suggest that plasticity does not “swamp” the phenotypic variation, and that selection may thus be efficient in generating genetic change.
Flexibility and constraints in the molt schedule of long‐distance migratory shorebirds: causes and consequences
Authors: Barshep Yahkat , Minton Clive D. T. , Underhill Les G. , Erni Birgit , Tomkovich Pavel 
Published: May 2013

AbstractMolt is a major component of the annual cycle of birds, the timing and extent of which can affect body condition, survival, and future reproductive success through carry‐over effects. The way in which molt is fitted into the annual cycle seems to be a somewhat neglected area which is both of interest and of importance. Study of the causes of annual variation in the timing of molt and its potential consequence in long‐distance migratory birds was examined using the Curlew Sandpiper, Calidris ferruginea, as a model species. Using the maximum likelihood molt models of Underhill and Zucchini (1988, Ibis 130:358–372), the relationship between annual variability in the start dates of molt at the population level with conditions on the breeding area was explored. Adult males typically started early in years when temperature in June on the Arctic breeding grounds were high compared to cold years while adult females molted later in years of high breeding success and/or warm July temperature and vice versa. When molt started later, the duration was often shorter, indicating that late completion of molt might have fitness consequences, probably jeopardizing survival. Evidence of this was seen in the low body condition of birds in years when molt was completed late. The results indicate that these migratory shorebirds follow a fine‐tuned annual life cycle, and disturbances at a certain stage can alter next biological events through carry‐over effects.
Coordination of Pentacyclohexanocucurbit[5]uril with Alkali Metal Ions and Supramolecular Self‐Assembly in the Absence and Presence of Inorganic Anions
Authors: Hu Jing‐Xu , Hu Ying‐Feng , Xiao Xin , Zhang Yun‐Qian , Tao Zhu , Xue Sai‐Feng , Liu Jing‐Xin , Zhu Qian‐Jiang 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe coordination of pentacyclohexanocucurbit[5]uril (PCyHQ[5]) to alkali metal cations and the formation of supramolecular assemblies in the absence and presence of [CdCl4]2– or [ZnCl4]2– anions as inorganic structure inducers have been investigated by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Studies of the crystal structures have revealed that the [CdCl4]2– or [ZnCl4]2– anions do not form honeycomb structures owing to the presence of alkyl substituents on the surface of the outer walls of PCyHQ[5], which can seriously perturb the interaction of the anions with the outer walls. Moreover, in the presence of [ZnCl4]2– anions, the formation of a new Rb‐PCyHQ[5]‐based 2D six‐membered “bracelet” network suggests that larger ions such as Ba2+ and even Ra2+ could form this new type of supramolecular assembly.
Synthesis of 6H‐Isoindolo[2,1‐a]indol‐6‐ones Through Wittig Reaction and Tandem Reductive Cyclization–Lactamization
Authors: Kadam Hari K. , Tilve Santosh G. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA convenient and efficient two‐step route to 6H‐Isoindolo[2,1‐a]indol‐6‐ones has been developed starting from o‐nitrobenzaldehydes. The methodology involves Wittig reaction followed by tandem reductive cyclization–lactamization. A series of isoindoloindolones incorporating different substituents on the indole nucleus has been prepared.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Myrtucommulone A
Authors: Charpentier Maël , Hans Marcus , Jauch Johann 
Published: May 2013

AbstractMyrtucommulone A (1), which was isolated from myrtle and other species of the myrtaceae family, was synthesized through an enantioselective Michael addition of isobutyryl phloroglucinol (5) to isobutylidene syncarpic acid (4) that was induced by a chiral Al–Li–BINOL (1,1′‐bi‐2‐naphthol) complex [(S,S)‐ALB]. Because there is significant steric crowding in Michael acceptor 4, myrtucommulone A (1) was obtained with an ee value of 70 % along with meso‐1 in 77 % chemical yield.
A Concise and Efficient Total Synthesis of Oleocanthal
Authors: Valli Matteo , Peviani Elena Giulia , Porta Alessio , D'Alfonso Alessandro , Zanoni Giuseppe , Vidari Giovanni 
Published: May 2013

AbstractOleocanthal, one of the minor components of the phenolic fraction isolated from extra virgin olive oil, is an effective inhibitor of COX enzymes, possessing similar potency to the NSAID ibuprofen. Moreover, it has the capacity to alter the structure of neurotoxic Aβ‐amyloid oligomers (ADDLs) and to change the structure of deformed microtubule‐associated tau–protein, thus inhibiting the formation of neurofibrillary tangles. It can have, therefore, potential therapeutic use for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In this paper we describe the total synthesis of (±)‐oleocanthal in just 8 steps (9 % overall yield) from easily available starting materials. Moreover, resolution of the racemic mixture on an HPLC chiral column provided both enantiomers of oleocanthal in a single operation for biological studies.
1,2‐Asymmetric Induction in Diastereo­selective Zwitterionic Aza‐Claisen Rearrangements: Key Steps in Optically Active Alkaloid Synthesis
Authors: Heescher Carolin , Schollmeyer Dieter , Nubbemeyer Udo 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe zwitterionic aza‐Claisen rearrangement of optically active N‐allylpyrrolidines and α‐phenoxyacetyl fluorides proceeds with complete simple diastereoselectivity (internal asymmetric induction) and complete 1,2‐asymmetric induction to generate a new C–C bond adjacent to a chiral C‐N‐Boc functionality. The resulting γ,δ‐unsaturated amides were cyclised to give the corresponding pyrrolizidinones, which enabled the determination of the relative configuration of the stereotriads. Vinyl group degradation and a final lactam reduction gave an optically active analogue of (+)‐petasinine (a pyrrolizidine alkaloid). Furthermore, the stereotriad‐containing amides should be useful key intermediates for the total synthesis of optically active elaeocarpin (an indolizidine alkaloid).
Blind modal identification of output‐only structures in time‐domain based on complexity pursuit
Authors: Yang Yongchao , Nagarajaiah Satish 
Published: May 2013

SUMMARYOutput‐only modal identification is needed when only structural responses are available. As a powerful unsupervised learning algorithm, blind source separation (BSS) technique is able to recover the hidden sources and the unknown mixing process using only the observed mixtures. This paper proposes a new time‐domain output‐only modal identification method based on a novel BSS learning algorithm, complexity pursuit (CP). The proposed concept—independent ‘physical systems’ living on the modal coordinates—connects the targeted constituent sources (and their mixing process) targeted by the CP learning rule and the modal responses (and the mode matrix), which can then be directly extracted by the CP algorithm from the measured free or ambient system responses. Numerical simulation results show that the CP method realizes accurate and robust modal identification even in the closely spaced mode and the highly damped mode cases subject to non‐stationary ambient excitation and provides excellent approximation to the non‐diagonalizable highly damped (complex) modes. Experimental and real‐world seismic‐excited structure examples are also presented to demonstrate its capability of blindly extracting modal information from system responses. The proposed CP is shown to yield clear physical interpretation in modal identification; it is computational efficient, user‐friendly, and automatic, requiring little expertise interactions for implementations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The prevalence of widespread central hypersensitivity in chronic pain patients
Authors: Schliessbach J. , Siegenthaler A. , Streitberger K. , Eichenberger U. , Nüesch E. , Jüni P. , Arendt‐Nielsen L. , Curatolo M. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundChronic pain is associated with generalized hypersensitivity and impaired endogenous pain modulation (conditioned pain modulation; CPM). Despite extensive research, their prevalence in chronic pain patients is unknown. This study investigated the prevalence and potential determinants of widespread central hypersensitivity and described the distribution of CPM in chronic pain patients.MethodsWe examined 464 consecutive chronic pain patients for generalized hypersensitivity and CPM using pressure algometry at the second toe and cold pressor test. Potential determinants of generalized central hypersensitivity were studied using uni‐ and multivariate regression analyses. Prevalence of generalized central hypersensitivity was calculated for the 5th, 10th and 25th percentile of normative values for pressure algometry obtained by a previous large study on healthy volunteers. CPM was addressed on a descriptive basis, since normative values are not available.ResultsDepending on the percentile of normative values considered, generalized central hypersensitivity affected 17.5–35.3% of patients. 23.7% of patients showed no increase in pressure pain threshold after cold pressor test. Generalized central hypersensitivity was more frequent and CPM less effective in women than in men. Unclearly classifiable pain syndromes showed higher frequencies of generalized central hypersensitivity than other pain syndromes.ConclusionsAlthough prevalent in chronic pain, generalized central hypersensitivity is not present in every patient. An individual assessment is therefore required in order to detect altered pain processing. The broad basic knowledge about central hypersensitivity now needs to be translated into concrete clinical consequences, so that patients can be offered an individually tailored mechanism‐based treatment.
FAM20C Functions Intracellularly Within Both Ameloblasts and Odontoblasts In Vivo
Authors: Wang Shih-Kai , Samann Andrew C , Hu Jan C-C , Simmer James P 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT

FAM20C, also known as Golgi casein kinase (G-CK), is proposed to be the archetype for a family of secreted kinases that phosphorylate target proteins in the Golgi and in extracellular matrices, but FAM20C serving an extracellular function is controversial. FAM20C phosphorylates secretory calcium-binding phosphoproteins (SCPPs), which are associated with the evolution of biomineralization in vertebrates. Current models of biomineralization assume SCPP proteins are secreted as phosphoproteins and their phosphates are essential for protein conformation and function. It would be a radical departure from current theories if proteins in mineralizing matrices were dephosphorylated as part of the mineralization mechanism and rephosphorylated in the extracellular milieu by FAM20C using ATP. To see if such mechanisms are possible in the formation of dental enamel, we tested the hypothesis that FAM20C is secreted by ameloblasts and accumulates in the enamel extracellular matrix during tooth development. FAM20C localization was determined by immunohistochemistry in day 5 mouse incisors and molars and by Western blot analyses of proteins extracted from pig enamel organ epithelia (EOE) and enamel shavings. FAM20C localized intracellularly within ameloblasts and odontoblasts in a pattern consistent with Golgi localization. Western blots detected FAM20C in the EOE extracts but not in the enamel matrix. We conclude that FAM20C is not a constituent of the enamel extracellular matrix and functions intracellularly within ameloblasts. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Improved Fracture Risk Assessment Based on Nonlinear Micro-Finite Element Simulations From HRpQCT Images at the Distal Radius
Authors: Christen David , Melton L Joseph , Zwahlen Alexander , Amin Shreyasee , Khosla Sundeep , Müller Ralph 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT

More accurate techniques to estimate fracture risk could help reduce the burden of fractures in postmenopausal women. Although micro-finite element (µFE) simulations allow a direct assessment of bone mechanical performance, in this first clinical study we investigated whether the additional information obtained using geometrically and materially nonlinear µFE simulations allows a better discrimination between fracture cases and controls. We used patient data and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HRpQCT) measurements from our previous clinical study on fracture risk, which compared 100 postmenopausal women with a distal forearm fracture to 105 controls. Analyzing these data with the nonlinear µFE simulations, the odds ratio (OR) for the factor-of-risk (yield load divided by the expected fall load) was marginally higher (1.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41–2.77) than for the factor-of-risk computed from linear µFE (1.89; 95% CI, 1.37–2.69). The yield load and the energy absorbed up to the yield point as computed from nonlinear µFE were highly correlated with the initial stiffness (R2 = 0.97 and 0.94, respectively) and could therefore be derived from linear simulations with little loss in precision. However, yield deformation was not related to any other measurement performed and was itself a good predictor of fracture risk (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.39–2.63). Moreover, a combined risk score integrating information on relative bone strength (yield load-based factor-of-risk), bone ductility (yield deformation), and the structural integrity of the bone under critical loads (cortical plastic volume) improved the separation of cases and controls by one-third (OR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.84–4.02). We therefore conclude that nonlinear µFE simulations provide important additional information on the risk of distal forearm fractures not accessible from linear µFE nor from other techniques assessing bone microstructure, density, or mass. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling enzymes are associated with cardiac hypertrophy in a genetic rat model of hypertension
Authors: Mehrotra Aanchal , Joe Bina , de la Serna Ivana L. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractPathological cardiac hypertrophy is characterized by a sustained increase in cardiomyocyte size and re‐activation of the fetal cardiac gene program. Previous studies implicated SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling enzymes as regulators of the fetal cardiac gene program in surgical models of cardiac hypertrophy. Although hypertension is a common risk factor for developing cardiac hypertrophy, there has not yet been any investigation into the role of SWI/SNF enzymes in cardiac hypertrophy using genetic models of hypertension. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that components of the SWI/SNF complex are activated and recruited to promoters that regulate the fetal cardiac gene program in hearts that become hypertrophic as a result of salt induced hypertension. Utilizing the Dahl salt‐sensitive (S) rat model, we found that the protein levels of several SWI/SNF subunits required for heart development, Brg1, Baf180, and Baf60c, are elevated in hypertrophic hearts from S rats fed a high salt diet compared with normotensive hearts from Dahl salt‐resistant (R) rats fed the same diet. Furthermore, we detected significantly higher levels of SWI/SNF subunit enrichment as well as evidence of more accessible chromatin structure on two fetal cardiac gene promoters in hearts from S rats compared with R rats. Our data implicate SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling enzymes as regulators of gene expression in cardiac hypertrophy resulting from salt induced hypertension. Thus we provide novel insights into the epigenetic mechanisms by which salt induced hypertension leads to cardiac hypertrophy. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 2337–2342, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gene methylation in rectal cancer: Predictive marker of response to chemoradiotherapy?
Authors: Molinari Chiara , Casadio Valentina , Foca Flavia , Zingaretti Chiara , Giannini Massimo , Avanzolini Andrea , Lucci Enrico , Saragoni Luca , Passardi Alessandro , Amadori Dino , Calistri Daniele , Zoli Wainer 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAlthough numerous studies have focused on the link between CpG island methylator phenotypes and the development of colorectal cancer, few studies have dealt specifically with methylation profiling in rectal cancer and its role in predicting response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT). We characterized methylation profiles in normal and neoplastic tissue samples from patients with rectal cancer and assessed the role of this molecular profile in predicting chemoradioactivity. We evaluated 74 pretreatment tumor samples and 16 apparently normal tissue biopsies from rectal cancer patients submitted to NCRT. The methylation profile of 24 different tumor suppressor genes was analyzed from FFPE samples by methylation‐specific multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MS‐MLPA). Methylation status was studied in relation to tissue type and clinical pathological parameters, in particular, pathological response evaluated by tumor regression grade (TRG). ESR1, CDH13, RARB, IGSF4, and APC genes showed high methylation levels in tumor samples (range 18.92–49.77) with respect to normal tissue. Methylation levels of the remaining genes were low and similar in both normal (range 1.91–14.56) and tumor tissue (range 1.84–11). Analysis of the association between methylation and response to therapy in tumor samples showed that only TIMP3 methylation status differed significantly within the four TRG classes (ANOVA, P < 0.05). Results from the present explorative study suggest that quantitative epigenetic classification of rectal cancer by MS‐MLPA clearly distinguishes tumor tissue from apparently normal mucosa. Conversely, with the exception of TIMP3 gene, the methylation of selected genes does not seem to correlate with response to NCRT. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 2343–2349, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bone Modifications in an Early Holocene Cremation Burial from Palawan, Philippines
Authors: Lara M. , Paz V. , Lewis H. , Solheim W. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractFragments of a single human skeleton recovered from a discrete archaeological context and dating to the Early Holocene from Ille Site, Palawan, Philippines, provided a unique opportunity to utilise anthropogenic bone modifications to reconstruct the postmortem history of a body prior to its deposition. Aside from being burnt, the remains were found to exhibit a combination of cutmarks, scrape marks, and impact scars indicative of disarticulation, defleshing, and hammerstone percussion. The results clearly demonstrate a complex ritualistic treatment of the body prior to interment that, so far, has not been recorded in Southeast Asia. This thus adds to the growing data of varying burial traditions during the early Holocene across the region. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lack of institutional pathways for referral: results of a survey among pediatric surgeons on prenatal consultation for congenital anomalies
Authors: Aite Lucia , Zaccara Antonio , Cuttini Marina , Mirante Nadia , Nahom Antonella , Bagolan Pietro 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis paper aimed to assess pathways through which pediatric surgeons receive couples for prenatal consultation after prenatal diagnosis.MethodA questionnaire was mailed to pediatric surgical centers to assess the following: (1) surgical caseload per year; (2) number of centers in which prenatal consultation is offered; (3) presence of a ‘structured’ prenatal consultation clinic; (4) number of consultations per year; (5) pathways for referral to the pediatric surgeon; and (6) the availability of psychological counseling.ResultsResponse rate was 81%, (42/52 centers). Thirty‐eight centers (93%) offered prenatal consultation. Seven centers (18%) reported to have a ‘structured’ clinic in terms of time and location. In 13 centers (34%), 1–9 consultations were carried out, from 10 to 19 in18 centers (47%), from 20 to over 50 in 7 centers (18%). In 34 centers, internal referrals from the obstetric departments were counseled, and in 28 centers, there were also external referrals. Eleven centers reported that couples were self‐referred. Information regarding prenatal counseling was available on the institutional website in 10/38 (26%) centers. Psychological counseling was available in 36 centers.ConclusionDespite the fact that the majority of pediatric surgical centers provides prenatal consultation, caseloads are very variable as are referral modalities. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.