bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on rapid arc quenching in protection gap based on magnetic blowing principle
Authors: Shan Songyi , Yang Tingfang , Zhou Huikang , Xie Zelong , Zhou Qianghui 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Parallel protection gap has the advantages of simple structure, good economy, and so on. It is widely used in lightning protection. However, the problem is that the arc’s self-extinguishing ability of the protection gap is poor and prone to tripping the line, hindering its further development. To address this problem, this paper proposes a method of connecting an electromagnet in series next to a protection gap and installing an arc-breaking grid at the gap. By changing the magnetic field distribution in the protective gap, while the arc is stretched, the arc is deflected to break on the arc-breaking grids, thus causing the arc to extinguish quickly. Through a finite element simulation platform, the arc simulation model of this protective gap was established based on the theory of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) approach. The results of the study show that a fast arc quenching method for parallel protection gaps based on the magnetic blowing principle can extinguish the arc within 5 ms, an 89.4 percent reduction in arc extinguishing time compared to the traditional parallel spark gap. Its arc temperature plummeted to below 2000 K in a short time, which greatly reduces the arc energy and effectively improves the arc extinguishing effect of the protection gap.
Study on current carrying capacity calculation model for dynamic capacity increase of carbon fiber reinforced composite core conductor
Authors: Feng Bo , Zhang Wei , Liao Yongli , Xia Xiaofei , Zhang Hourong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
With the “dual-carbon” as the goal of the new power system construction gradually in-depth, transmission lines must have energy-saving capacity for the direction of development. A new type of large-capacity overhead transmission conductor is the carbon fiber reinforced composite core (CFCC) conductor. The conductor has high capacity, low loss, high-temperature resistance, low high-temperature sag, and other characteristics. It is one of the key technologies and equipment applied to the transformation of old overhead transmission lines to enhance its capacity. At the same time, it can also realize the dynamic transmission capacity regulation of the overhead line. The application of the prospect is very promising. The accurate assessment and calculation model for the conductor’s allowable current carrying capacity is the key core technical problem of the overhead transmission line dynamic capacity increase capability. The paper establishes a maximum allowable current capacity calculation model for carbon fiber-reinforced composite core conductors based on Morgan’s formula. The results of the load flow calculation are compared with the actual load flow test results to verify the calculation model, and the maximum error is 3.59%, which proves the reliability of the calculation model. On this basis, the influence of external environmental factors (ambient temperature, sunlight intensity, wind speed, and direction) on the maximum allowable current capacity of the conductor is discussed. The correlation coefficient of the model is analyzed.
Discussion on energy saving control method of core electric power building facilities under low-carbon drive
Authors: Gao Meijing , Liang Yanqun , Wang Tingting 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Energy saving in the power field is a necessary technical link to complete the 3060 index in China. This paper extends the scope of building energy saving and the technical direction of power energy saving and focuses on the auxiliary energy consumption during the operation of the power system. Taking the substation of the key point of electric energy as an example, its auxiliary energy consumption belongs to the category of line loss. Therefore, reducing the auxiliary energy consumption of the substation is a strong support for reducing the line loss of the main network. In this paper, the boundary of power-dependent energy consumption is defined first and the evaluation method is given. Secondly, the measures to reduce the dependent energy consumption are given based on the variable data in the north of Huzhou City. Finally, the paper combines the data and carries out simulation verification, and the results show that the carbon emission of operation and maintenance can be reduced by up to 2.6% compared with the traditional strategy.
New lower background and higher rate technique for anti-neutrino detection using Tungsten 183 Isotope
Authors: Novak J. , Solomey N. , Hartsock B. , Doty B. , Folkerts J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Low energy anti-neutrinos detected from reactors or other
sources have typically used the conversion of an anti-neutrino on
Hydrogen, producing a positron and a free neutron. This neutron is
subsequently captured on a secondary element with a large neutron
capture cross-section such as gadolinium or cadmium. With most
neutron captures on gadolinium, it is possible to get two or three
delayed gamma signals of known energy to occur. Modern experiments
can make measurements with timing on the order of 25 ns. Fast
electronics like these allow for the possibility of accessing the
very fast signals from the nuclear de-excitation of a heavy nucleus
following the prompt positron signal, rather than relying on
traditional IBD techniques. We have found an isotope of tungsten,
183W that produces tantalum in the ground state at 2.094 MeV
or the first excited state at 2.167 MeV. The excited state of
183Ta* emits a signature secondary gamma pulse of 73 keV
with a 106 ns half-life. This offers a new delayed coincidence
technique that can be used to identify anti-neutrinos with lower
background noise. This allows for less shielding than required for
modern inverse beta decay detectors.
Characterization of shark skin properties and biomimetic replication
Authors: R R Baeten Stan , Kochovski Ana , Jovanova Jovana , Sakes Aimée 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This review explores the present knowledge of the unique properties of shark skin and possible applications of its functionalities, including drag reduction and swimming efficiency. Tooth-like denticles, with varied morphologies, sizes, and densities across the shark’s body, significantly influence the flow and interaction of fluids. Examining dermal denticle morphology, this study unveils the functional properties of real shark skin, including mechanical properties such as stiffness, stress–strain characteristics, and denticle density’s impact on tensile properties. The adaptive capabilities of the Mako shark scales, especially in high-speed swimming, are explored, emphasizing their passive flow-actuated dynamic micro-roughness. This research contains an overview of various studies on real shark skin, categorizing them into skin properties, morphology, and hydrodynamics. The paper extends exploration into industrial applications, detailing fabrication techniques and potential uses in vessels, aircraft, and water pipes for friction reduction. Three manufacturing approaches, bio-replicated forming, direct fabrication, and indirect manufacturing, are examined, with 3D printing and photoconfiguration technology emerging as promising alternatives. Investigations into the mechanical properties of shark skin fabrics reveal the impact of denticle size on tensile strength, stress, and strain. Beyond drag reduction, the study highlights the shark skin’s role in enhancing thrust and lift during locomotion. The paper identifies future research directions, emphasizing live shark testing and developing synthetic skin with the help of 3D printing incorporating the bristling effect.
The influence of multi-scale tough liquid fiber toughening agent on the mechanical properties of oil well cement-based composite materials
Authors: Meng Qingshan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Cementing is a key process in drilling engineering, and the cement sheath in cementing can sometime have problems such as significant brittleness, low toughness, and low resistance to impact damage, especially in perforation and fracturing environments where the cement sheath is more susceptible to damage. In response to the above issues, three types of inorganic carbon fibers, including 1 mm carbon fiber, 2 mm carbon fiber, and nanocarbon fiber, were studied indoors to investigate the influence of their ratios on the mechanical properties of cement paste. The optimal mixture of 1 mm carbon fiber, 2 mm carbon fiber, and nanocarbon fiber in a ratio of 3:2:1 was selected, and a multi-scale liquid fiber toughening agent BS-54 was obtained through special liquefaction process treatment. The liquid fiber toughening agent BS-54 has good water dispersibility and can evenly disperse in the slurry water, effectively improving the dispersion and addition of multi-scale fibers in cement slurry. The cement slurry prepared with multi-scale dispersed liquid fiber toughening agent has good rheological properties, water loss, and thickening properties. The addition of multi-scale dispersed liquid fiber toughening agent to cement slurry significantly increases the tensile strength, impact strength, and compressive strength of cement paste, effectively reduces the elastic modulus of cement paste, improves the strength of cement paste, and achieves toughening effect. Microscopic analysis shows that the active nanoparticles dispersed by multi-scale dispersed liquid fiber toughening agents can interweave between gaps, and the dense cross-linked structure formed by their multi-scale micro nano structure improves the toughness and strength of cement slurry. Moreover, the multi-scale dispersed liquid fiber toughening agent cement slurry ensures that the cement stone sample has good integrity under external impact, which is conducive to improving the impact resistance of the cement stone.
Relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties of V-N microalloyed high strength ship plate steel
Authors: Li Boyong , Li Guanglong , Zhang Dazheng , Yan Ling , Zhang Peng , Liu Pengcheng , Xiao Jiuhan , Qi Xiangyu , Wang Xiaohang , Liu Jinyi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
V-N microalloying treatment is an important way to improve the service performance of non-quenched and tempered ship plate steel. Herein, the influence of V(C, N) on the evolution of microstructure and improvement of mechanical properties was studied. In addition, the relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties of V-N microalloyed high strength ship plate steel was revealed. The results showed that the composite addition of V and N not only formed a fine dispersed precipitated phase, but more importantly, significantly refined the ferrite/pearlite microstructure, promoted the formation of intragranular acicular ferrite, increased the proportion of high angle grain boundaries, and decreased the kernel average misorientation value. The optimization of microstructure brought about by V-N microalloying achieved synchronous improvement of strength and cryogenic toughness. The impact energy of V-N microalloying ship plate steel increased from 97 J of V-N-free ship plate steel to 239 J at −40 °C, and the impact fracture mode changed from brittle quasi-cleavage fracture to microvoid coalescence fracture with a large number of equiaxial dimples.
Structural computational analysis of conventional and self-designed rover wheel architectures for extraterrestrial roving application
Authors: Vishnoi Mohit , Srivastava Siddharth , T G Mamatha , Kukshal Vikas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The technical advancements in robotics have closely been followed by developments in aerospace excavation robots. This research elucidates self-designed shape memory alloy wheels for their use in Lunar Excavations, which attributes to the new era of space exploration robots. The wheel design proves to be of paramount importance as crucial operations such as mobility, steering, and traction control build upon wheel design. A comparison has been made between Aluminium alloy, Structural Steel, and Shape Memory alloy (Nitinol) wheels for both conventional and self-designed wheel architectures. Wheel architecture tests and their results are articulated with the aid of simulation. The significant performance parameters, primarily Total Deformation, Equivalent Stress, and Shear stress-induced, were analyzed, which articulates the performance of the wheel at the time of landing. It was observed that for both wheel designs: self-designed and conventional, the maximum total deformation was 0.011154 mm and 1.3573 mm, respectively, when Aluminium alloy was chosen as the base material. For Steel and Nitinol, the self-designed wheel structure proved to perform better than the conventional wheel design with lower values of total deformation (0.0041129 mm and 0.010968 mm, respectively).
Research on tracking and synchronization control of dual hydraulic cylinders based on improved active disturbance rejection control
Authors: Xiao Yun , Sun Chungeng , Lian Chaojie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
To ensure the stability of vertical mold casting machine casting, and improve the quality of casting, for which the electro-hydraulic servo system of the traditional active disturbance rejection control(ADRC) of the nonlinear function is not smooth, a new type of nonlinear function is used. For the ADRC controller, there are too many adjustment parameters and complex engineering tuning, The snake optimization(SO) algorithm is used to adaptively tune the controller parameters, and the error can also be reduced. The simulation results show that compared with the PID controller and the traditional ADRC controller, the ADRC controller based on the Ifal function and SO has a certain jitter suppression effect as well as good tracking and synchronization performance, which can effectively improve the tracking and synchronization accuracy of the dual hydraulic cylinders of the electro-hydraulic servo system.
Examining the effect of urbanization on various land cover classes and environmental quality using remote sensing and GIS methods
Authors: Pokhariya Hemant Singh , Jain Khushi , Jain Prashuk 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
It is vital for public awareness and decision-makers to investigate the impact caused by changes in urban land use and land cover on ecosystem service values (ESVs) in order to promote sustainable urban development, protect the environment, protect public health, and ensure communities’ long-term well-being. Changes in ecosystem services brought on by changes in land use and cover (LULC) are a crucial early indicator and warning sign of ecological shifts. Using remote sensing and GIS tools, this study examined the shifting dynamics of ESVs in the Haridwar district in Uttarakhand state, India. The evaluation of land use land cover (LULC) changes was carried out by analyzing satellite images of the research region from 2001 to 2021. In addition, we examined changes in ecosystem services according to the study area’s LULC classifications. Using a random forest machine learning classifier, satellite images were classified into five categories of land cover: water bodies, forests, built-up areas, agricultural land, and bare land. The findings showed that from 2001 to 2021, forest cover and water bodies fell by 15.35% and 41.50%, respectively, while urban area and agricultural area rose by 69.24% and 12.31%, respectively. Due to increased urbanization and degradation of water bodies and forest areas, ESV fell from 103.19 USD ha −1 year −1 in 2001 to 70.53 USD ha −1 year −1 in 2021. The combination of LULC with the value of ecosystem services may improve our knowledge of several difficulties in an urban ecosystem. As a result, we advocate for the incorporation of LULC and ESVs as a tool that might be useful to urban planners and land managers in the future for sustainable development of natural resources.
Relational Justice
Authors: Dagan Hanoch , Dorfman Avihay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter develops a conception of interpersonal justice that duly addresses the fundamental circumstances of private law. The justice of private law must not merely safeguard people’s independence but also attend to private law’s responsibility for facilitating human interactions lest it ends up jeopardizing the significance of people’s mutual relationships in the pursuit of their self-determination. Likewise, the justice of private law should not be content with vindicating formal equality. Instead, it should ensure that the relationships it oversees (and, at times, even constructs) are interactions between substantively equal individuals. To enable the interacting parties to treat one another as both self-determining and substantively equal persons, private law must take into account people’s circumstances as well as constitutive choices that pertain to their ground projects (as opposed to their mere preferences).
Public Nuisance
Authors: Dagan Hanoch , Dorfman Avihay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter offers a reconstruction of the poorly understood tort of public nuisance. Contrary to the view that the underlying rights protected by this tort contrast with private rights, it argues that these rights are private rights like any other right in the law of torts since they protect private persons, taken severally. And yet, these private rights are also distinctively public in the sense that they protect the interests of private persons to use and enjoy the public space. Public nuisance, then, poses ex post liability for undermining these interests but, above all, constructs a liberal public space. Private law thus extends beyond the private sphere to capture entitlements and responsibilities that do not arise from or attach to ownership of land. This account refines the potentially significant role of the public nuisance tort by addressing the urgent threat posed by climate change.
Good Faith and Related Doctrines
Authors: Dagan Hanoch , Dorfman Avihay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter shows that contract doctrines on performance and remedies point to a concern with relational justice. The sequential nature typical of contract performance implies that contractual parties are particularly vulnerable to each other’s opportunism, and relational justice requires contract law to respond to this heightened, contract-specific type of vulnerability. If law is to facilitate contracting (as it should, given contract’s service to self-determination) and also ensure substantive equality, it must solidify a cooperative conception of contract performance that goes beyond the mandatory floor of relational justice. At the core of the web of doctrines analyzed in this chapter is the duty of good faith and fair dealing, which sets the contractual rules of the game. The substantial performance doctrine in service contracts and the principle against forfeiture in applying the condition/promise distinction can likewise be interpreted as belonging to this cooperative framework, as can the burden to mitigate and the choice of the expectation interest as the default measure of recovery. All these doctrines, to some extent, require the contractual parties to assist one another.
The Tort of Discrimination
Authors: Dagan Hanoch , Dorfman Avihay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Prohibitions on private discrimination in the workplace or in housing are typically justified by reference to our public commitments to equal opportunity and social integration as citizens in a democracy. This public law perspective often assumes that duties of anti-discrimination are (and perhaps must be) imposed solely by statutes. Relational justice, however, provides the normative resources to treat instances of private discrimination as a private wrong, namely, a tort. This chapter argues that private law’s endogenous commitments imply that people granted normative legal power over others—such as private proprietors, employers, commercial providers, and landlords—must be prevented from exerting it in defiance of others’ right to be treated as equals. Other things being equal, any attempt to do so by the holders of such power must count as an instance of overreach and as a legally cognizable injury to the person of the plaintiff regardless of whether the state or market competition generates generous work opportunities and creates integrative forums. In this general tort of private discrimination, disparate treatment and disparate impact could both amount to wrongful discrimination, as could many instances of impermissible inequity now falling through many statutory cracks.
The Promise of Private Law
Authors: Dagan Hanoch , Dorfman Avihay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In summarizing this book’s findings, this brief final chapter shows that, while theoretically innovative, relational justice theory is more loyal to the actual workings of private law than its major rivals. It also demonstrates that private law can, and to a significant extent already does, transcend the common law mold and use a variety of other procedural and institutional mechanisms. Finally, by articulating the currently implicit normative commitment of private law to reciprocal respect for self-determination and substantive equality, relational justice theory offers internal resources for critique and reform that can push private law (both within and without the state) toward the fulfillment of its great humanist promise.
Reading Texts and Traditions
Authors: Rodrigues Valerian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAmbedkar’s writings are informed by a philosophical perspective that human understanding and value realm are deeply marked by the frameworks of understanding and dispositions constituting a habitat. Our knowledge of social reality, our approach to the past, texts, and traditions, and even conception of the self are premised on such consciousness. Such consciousness may be trapped in valorizing certain issues and strivings, partisan viewpoints, and even prejudices. It may be complicit in epistemic erasures, ethical appropriations, and ascription of differences. It may even goad us to submission and servility on one hand and domination and claims of superiority on the other. However, our capacities as humans can subject such consciousness to revaluation and reorientation. Such appraisals may be facilitated by the contestations in which frameworks of understanding are caught or competing frameworks found in a habitat.
Being Human
Authors: Rodrigues Valerian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAmbedkar’s epistemic stance, accounts of caste and untouchability, and responses to the challenges they throw up are premised on an idea of the human. Human beings are endowed with reason and moral sensibility and entitled to a unique dignity and respect, despite the condition in which they find themselves, or their prevailing understanding or ethical disposition. While through reason they can fathom the whole universe, through love they can attune themselves to all beings. Their conscience can act as their sentinel to process the right from the wrong. Sociality is the indispensable condition for the fullest development of human. However, such a striving, befitting the human, can be pursued only through self-agency and self-help, and cannot be directed from outside. While upholding the significance of religion, Ambedkar did not subscribe to beliefs in God or soul and considered human perfectibility as a this-worldly concern.