bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Illness trajectory and Internet as a health information and communication channel used by parents of infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: De Rouck Sofie , Leys Mark 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundInternet use became an integral part of the healthcare relationship. Literature indicates that the illness trajectory plays a role in the use of Internet as a health information tool. This study focuses on infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit.AimThis study aims to understand how the illness trajectory triggers the use of Internet by parents of infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit, using a conceptual framework influenced by Corbin and Strauss' illness trajectory.DesignThis study was based on a qualitative longitudinal multiple‐case study design.MethodsFrom July 2007–August 2008 and from June 2009–May 2010, parents with newborns were prospectively interviewed over a period of 10 months. Parents were recruited in four neonatal intensive care units. The interviews were subject of a thematic content analysis.ResultsThe multi‐layered illness trajectory triggers Internet use. Parents' online health information behaviour interacts with other information channels too (such as interaction with healthcare professionals). Parents accumulate knowledge along the illness trajectory affecting their information needs. The sickness trajectory helps to understand the complexity of the information behaviour. Labels have a major impact on the effectiveness of search strategies.ConclusionsNursing and other healthcare professionals should become more aware about the complex relationship between information needs and Internet use along the illness trajectory of an infant. As such, they will be more able to assist parents in finding and evaluating high‐quality online information at the right time.
Urinary iodine concentrations of pregnant women in Ukraine
Authors: Sekitani Yui , Hayashida Naomi , Takahashi Jumpei , Kozlovsky Alexander A. , Rudnitskiy Stanislav , Petrova Anjelika , Gutevych Oleksandr K. , Chorniy Sergiy A. , Yamashita Shunichi , Takamura Noboru 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Background: Iodine requirements increase during pregnancy and previous studies have reported the inadequate iodine status of pregnant women in areas that have achieved iodine sufficiency in the general population. We examined the urinary iodine (UI) concentrations of pregnant women in Ukraine, where the iodine status is showing improvement among the general population.

Methods: We enrolled 148 pregnant women <16 weeks pregnant and 80 healthy women as a control group living in Zhitomir, Ukraine. UI concentration, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), antithyroglobulin antibodies (TGAb), and antithyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) were measured.

Results: The median UI concentrations were significantly lower in pregnant women than in control women [13.0 (ND–51.0) μg/L vs. 62.0 (35.3–108.5) μg/L, p<0.001]. TSH concentrations were significantly lower in pregnant women than in control women [1.7 (1.2–2.7) IU/L vs. 2.2 (1.4–3.1) IU/L, p=0.011], but this difference disappeared when adjusted for age (2.1±0.1 IU/L vs. 2.4±0.2 IU/L, p=0.097). The frequency of TSH over 6.2 IU/L and the frequency of positive TGAb and/or TPOAb were not statistically different between groups (p=0.70 and p=0.48, respectively). The UI concentrations of 142 pregnant women (95.9%) were <150 μg/L indicating insufficient iodine intake.

Conclusions: The UI concentration of pregnant women in Ukraine revealed severe iodine deficiency. Regular monitoring and appropriate nutrition education are essential because iodine deficiency can be easily prevented by adequate iodine intake. The risk of iodine deprivation during pregnancy needs to be assessed locally over time because it may occur in areas that are not globally recognized as being iodine-deficient.
Crystal structure of bis(dimethylamido)-bis(ethyl-3-(pentafluorophenylamido) but-2-enoate)titanium, C28H30F10N4O4Ti
Authors: Mellentin-Born Karolin , Saak Wolfgang , Doye Sven 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
C28H30F10N4O4Ti, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.1509(3) Å, b = 12.6138(5) Å, c = 26.7928(9) Å, β = 91.637(2)°, V = 3091.4 Å3, Z = 4,Rgt(F) = 0.0365, wRref(F2) = 0.1285, T = 153 K.
Asymmetrical Corneal Topography in Map-Dot-Fingerprint Dystrophy Resembling Keratoconus
Authors: Marcovich Arie L 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACT
Map-dot-fingerprint dystrophy cause painless blurred vision due to irregular astigmatism. Corneal topography may show asymmetry and irregularity and can resemble keratoconus. Two patients with map-dot dystrophy with unilateral blurring of vision are presented that were misdiagnosed as keratoconus due to asymmetric corneal topography. Medical treatment with hypertonic saline and lubrication in one patient and alcohol assisted epithelial delamination in the second patient restored visual acuity and restored normal appearance of corneal topography.

How to cite this article
Marcovich AL. Asymmetrical Corneal Topography in Map-Dot-Fingerprint Dystrophy Resembling Keratoconus. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2012;1(2):131-133.
Movies as a Supporting Tool for Assessing Student’s Performance Test
Authors: Zahar Iwan 
Published: September 2012

The use of questionnaires and interviews, student’s portfolio, academic transcript were not sufficient to know the background of students and their previous knowledge. The objective of the research is to use movies as supporting criteria to know students prior knowledge, and also other useful information to improve student’s performance. The survey method was undertaken in 20 third year product design students and 9 fourth year multimedia students, University Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia. Three questions were used after showing Monalisa Smile’s movie; (1) What is your impression of this movie? (2) How the story is told? (3) What is the element and principal designs which are used in this movie? Most students in the first and third year student can answer the first and second questions but they could not answer the third questions. Art history and art criticism are not included in UMK curricula. Students were seldom criticized movies: therefore, most of their answers could not find the main objective of the movie. Regarding students answer, these movie tests will help lecturer to access student performance which cannot be revealed in the questionnaires and interviews. Keywords - movie, student performance, assessment
Teacher Communication Behavior: It’s Impact to the Students’ Attitude in Learning Science
Authors: Eupena Roxan G. 
Published: September 2012

Teachers' interpersonal communication behavior in the classroom is known to be one of a vital element in creating a classroom learning environment that significantly contribute towards the students’ attitudes and motivation of learning. In view of this concept, the study was primarily conducted to investigate the impact of science teachers’ communication behavior towards the attitude of students in learning science. The study employs descriptive correlation research design and makes use of the Teacher Communication Behavior Questionnaire (TCBQ) of She and Fisher (2002), as well as the Test of Science Related Attitudes of Fraser (modified by She and Fisher in 2002). Results show no significant differences on gender; nevertheless, significant differences are apparent in two of the five scales of TCB namely non-verbal support and controlling in terms of age differences. Simple correlation coefficient indicates a significant correlation in four TCB scales namely: challenging, encouragement and praise, nonverbal support and controlling with the attitudinal scale, enjoyment in science lessons. Attitudinal scale career interest in science on the other hand, is correlated with encouragement and praise and non-verbal support. The above result indicates that communication behavior of science teachers has great contribution and impact towards the attitudes of students in learning science. Keywords - teacher communication behavior, science related attitudes, learning
Potential carcinogenic effects of world trade center dust after intratracheal instillation to Sprague–Dawley rats: First observation
Authors: Soffritti M. , Falcioni L. , Bua L. , Tibaldi E. , Manservigi M. , Belpoggi F. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundMore than 10 years have passed since the terrorist attack on the New York City World Trade Center on September 11, 2001. It is well known that long‐term carcinogenic bioassays on rodents can predict the potential carcinogenic effects of chemical and physical agents for humans.ObjectiveA life‐span carcinogenicity bioassay was conducted on Sprague–Dawley rats at the CMCRC of the Ramazzini Institute to test the potential carcinogenic effects of settled dust collected at the WTC immediately after the terrorist attack.MethodsThe WTC material tested is a complex mixture of coarse particles (95%) contain pulverized cement, glass fibres, asbestos, lead, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBS) and polychlorinated furans, and dioxin. The test matter was suspended in sterile saline and administered by intratracheal instillation (IT) to 8‐week‐old Sprague–Dawley rats (100 animals/sex), 3–4 days/week for 4 weeks. A group of 200 male and female rats served as controls. The animals were kept under observation until natural death.ResultsHistopathological evaluation of the lungs (target organ) of instilled control and treated male and female rats, did not show any significant increased incidence of lung tumors. Two hemangiomas (one with endothelial atypia) and one hemangiosarcoma were found in the lungs of treated males. Moreover a modest increased incidence of terminal bronchiolar hyperplasia (TBH) and squamous metaplasia occurred in the lung of treated males and females compared to the controls.ConclusionHemangioma and hemangiosarcoma are extremely rare tumors in the lung of our colony and we believe they are caused by WTC dust. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:155–162, 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Adaptive Control of the Electro‐Hydraulic Servo‐System with External Disturbances
Authors: Wos Piotr , Dindorf Ryszard 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe paper deals with the structure of the adaptive control electro‐hydraulic servo‐system (EHSS) with external load disturbances, practical verification of the identification, and control algorithms. The electro‐hydraulic servo system composed of a servo‐cylinder controlled with a servo‐valve is discussed. It is a strongly nonlinear object with parameters changing over time. Adaptive adjuster parameters were determined by means of current identification resulting in the parametric model. Identification was conducted on the basis of measurement of the controlling size and regulated size objects. The identified model of the object was applied to carry out the on‐line synthesis of the proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller. The selected problems connected with obtaining the algorithm of adaptive control are presented. The computer program for implementing the algorithm with numerical simulation and identification of the control physical model object were calculated. The aim of the research was to examine the effectiveness of the adaptive control method in an electro‐hydraulic servo system, both theoretically and experimentally.
Bayesian‐Based Domain Search Using Multiple Autonomous Vehicles with Intermittent Information Sharing
Authors: Wang Yue , Hussein Islam I. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis paper focuses on the development of Bayesian‐based domain search strategies using distributed multiple autonomous vehicles with intermittent communications. Multi‐sensor fusion based on observations from neighboring vehicles is implemented via binary Bayesian filtering. We prove theoretically that, under appropriate sensor models, the belief of whether there exists an object at every discretized cell in the domain will converge to the true state. An uncertainty map representing the entropies associated with these probabilities is constructed to guide the vehicles’ motion for domain exploration. Under the proposed strategies, all objects in the search domain will be detected. Different motion control schemes are numerically tested to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed search strategies.
Anatomy of the human mammary gland: Current status of knowledge
Authors: Hassiotou Foteini , Geddes Donna 
Published: September 2012

AbstractMammary glands are unique to mammals, with the specific function of synthesizing, secreting, and delivering milk to the newborn. Given this function, it is only during a pregnancy/lactation cycle that the gland reaches a mature developmental state via hormonal influences at the cellular level that effect drastic modifications in the micro‐ and macro‐anatomy of the gland, resulting in remodeling of the gland into a milk‐secretory organ. Pubertal and post‐pubertal development of the breast in females aids in preparing it to assume a functional state during pregnancy and lactation. Remarkably, this organ has the capacity to regress to a resting state upon cessation of lactation, and then undergo the same cycle of expansion and regression again in subsequent pregnancies during reproductive life. This plasticity suggests tight hormonal regulation, which is paramount for the normal function of the gland. This review presents the current status of knowledge of the normal macro‐ and micro‐anatomy of the human mammary gland and the distinct changes it undergoes during the key developmental stages that characterize it, from embryonic life through to post‐menopausal age. In addition, it discusses recent advances in our understanding of the normal function of the breast during lactation, with special reference to breastmilk, its composition, and how it can be utilized as a tool to advance knowledge on normal and aberrant breast development and function. Finally, anatomical and molecular traits associated with aberrant expansion of the breast are discussed to set the basis for future comparisons that may illuminate the origin of breast cancer. Clin. Anat. Clin. Anat. 26:29–48, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Categorizing the distribution of the saphenous nerve in relation to the great saphenous vein
Authors: Wilmot V.V. , Evans D.J.R. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractSaphenous donor site neuralgia is a cause of morbidity post‐coronary artery bypass surgery. Saphenous nerve damage during harvesting of the great saphenous vein is thought to be responsible. We dissected 37 cadaveric lower limbs from the knee fold to the dorsal venous arches, to study the spatial relations of the saphenous nerve and great saphenous vein to identify its distribution within the leg. Distribution of the saphenous nerve was categorized into Type A, where the nerve traveled inferiorly and split into an anterior and posterior branch during its course between the knee fold and medial malleolus, Type B, where the nerve traveled anterior to the vein with a small caliber branch traveling posteriorly at the proximal end, Type C where two main branches originated at the knee fold, one anterior to and one posterior to the vein. Overall the vein and nerve crossed in 27 out of the 37 cases (73%), occurring between 5 and 29 cm from the malleolus (60% occurred between 16 and 26 cm). In 32 (86%) of cases, the distal part of the nerve and vein were tightly adhered to each other within a common sheath. The length of adherence ranged from 3 to 26 cm with an average of 14 cm. The saphenous nerve is highly vulnerable during harvesting of the great saphenous vein due to its close relationship and crossing branches. Knowledge of the distribution categories of the nerve can help guide the surgeon to avoid damaging nerve branches during harvesting. Clin. Anat. Clin. Anat. 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Typology of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Technologies in Latin America
Authors: Noyola Adalberto , Padilla‐Rivera Alejandro , Morgan‐Sagastume Juan Manuel , Güereca Leonor Patricia , Hernández‐Padilla Flor 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of the wastewater treatment plants in six Latin American and Caribbean countries. Based on a sample of 2734 municipal treatment facilities, the applied processes are classified by sizes (influent flow) and type of technologies. The distribution of the technologies is also presented for each of the six countries. In addition, a representative municipal wastewater characterization, based on influent data from 174 treatment plants, is proposed. Results show that stabilization ponds, activated sludge, and the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors represent 80% of the treatment facilities of the sample, providing treatment to 81% of the total flow considered. Moreover, 67% of the plants in the sample are small (flow <25 L/s) and the very small facilities (influent flow <5 L/s) are extensively applied in the region (34% of the sample), especially in Mexico and Brazil. The use of very small treatment plants may result in low energy efficiency systems and on possible incompliance of the discharge standards. This common practice in several countries in Latin America should be revised in order to improve the environmental performance of such facilities.
Fluid Flux and Clearance in Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Martin Greg S. , Brigham Kenneth L. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAcute lung injury (ALI) and its most severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), were presciently described nearly two centuries ago by René Laennec, later to be described clinically in the 1950s and 1960s. Substantial advances have been made in understanding the pathogenesis of these forms of permeability pulmonary edema, including Starling forces and cellular transport mechanisms involved in the generation and resolution of this form of lung injury. Functional animal models and clinically applicable case definitions for ALI and ARDS were instrumental in gaining these new insights. Although no specific pharmacological therapies for ALI and ARDS yet exist, outcomes have improved with advancements in respiratory and fluid‐based supportive therapies, and methods to prevent the development or exacerbation of lung injury. Newer targeted therapies continue to be tested for efficacy in this condition where mortality rates frequently exceed 30%. In this article, we review the history of the pathophysiology of lung fluid and solute movement and the seminal clinical observations that brought that history to clinical relevance. We review the relevant lung structure and function and the dynamics of edema formation and resolution, and we describe the related clinical syndromes and the current treatment modalities. © 2012 American Physiological Society.Compr Physiol2:2471‐2480, 2012.
Nuclear Receptor Control of Enterohepatic Circulation
Authors: Gonzalez Frank J. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractEnterohepatic circulation is responsible for the capture of bile acids and other steroids produced or metabolized in the liver and secreted to the intestine, for reabsorption back into the circulation and transport back to the liver. Bile acids are secreted from the liver in the form of mixed micelles that also contain phosphatidylcholines and cholesterol that facilitate the uptake of fats and vitamins from the diet due to the surfactant properties of bile acids and lipids. Bile acids are synthesized in the liver from cholesterol by a cascade of enzymes that carry out oxidation and conjugation reactions, and transported to the bile duct and gall bladder where they are stored before being released into the intestine. Bile flow from the gall bladder to the small intestine is triggered by food intake in accordance with its role in lipid and vitamin absorption from the diet. Bile acids are further metabolized by gut bacteria and are transported back to the circulation. Metabolites produced in the liver are termed primary bile acids or primary conjugated bile salts, while the metabolites generated by bacterial are called secondary bile acids. About 95% of bile acids are reabsorbed in the proximal and distal ileum into the hepatic portal vein and then into the liver sinusoids, where they are efficiently transported into the liver with little remaining in circulation. Each bile acid is reabsorbed about 20 times on average before being eliminated. Enterohepatic circulation is under tight regulation by nuclear receptor signaling, notably by the farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Published 2012.Compr Physiol2:2811‐2828, 2012.
Horizontal Gene Transfer in Choanoflagellates
Authors: Tucker Richard P. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractHorizontal gene transfer (HGT), also known as lateral gene transfer, results in the rapid acquisition of genes from another organism. HGT has long been known to be a driving force in speciation in prokaryotes, and there is evidence for HGT from symbiotic and infectious bacteria to metazoans, as well as from protists to bacteria. Recently, it has become clear that as many as a 1,000 genes in the genome of the choanoflagellate Monosiga brevicollis may have been acquired by HGT. Interestingly, these genes reportedly come from algae, bacteria, and other choanoflagellate prey. Some of these genes appear to have allowed an ancestral choanoflagellate to exploit nutrient‐poor environments and were not passed on to metazoan descendents. However, some of these genes are also found in animal genomes, suggesting that HGT into a common ancestor of choanozoans and animals may have contributed to metazoan evolution. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 320B:1–9, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Large‐scale diagnostics of extratropical cyclogenesis in eastern Australia
Authors: Dowdy Andrew J. , Mills Graham A. , Timbal Bertrand 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTExtratropical cyclones that develop near the east coast of Australia often have severe consequences such as flash flooding and damaging winds and seas, as well as beneficial consequences such as being responsible for heavy rainfall events that contribute significantly to total rainfall and runoff. There is subjective evidence that the development of most major events, commonly known as East Coast Lows (ECLs), is associated with the movement of a high amplitude upper‐tropospheric trough system over eastern Australia. To test this hypothesis, this study examines a number of large‐scale diagnostic quantities in the upper‐troposphere associated with extratropical cyclogenesis. Climatologies of these diagnostic quantities, based on reanalyses, are examined and compared with a database of observed ECL events. Results are examined in relation to seasonal and geographic variations. A diagnostic quantity based on geostrophic vorticity is shown to provide a good indication of the likely occurrence of east‐coast cyclogenesis. The potential application of these diagnostics to global climate model simulations of past and future climates is also discussed.