bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemokine receptor CCR7 regulates the intestinal TH1/TH17/Treg balance during Crohnˈs-like murine ileitis
Authors: McNamee Eóin N , Masterson Joanne C , Veny Marisol , Collins Colm B , Jedlicka Paul , Byrne Fergus R , Ng Gordon Y , Rivera-Nieves Jesús 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The regulation of T cell and DC retention and lymphatic egress within and from the intestine is critical for intestinal immunosurveillance; however, the cellular processes that orchestrate this balance during IBD remain poorly defined. With the use of a mouse model of TNF-driven Crohnˈs-like ileitis (TNFΔARE), we examined the role of CCR7 in the control of intestinal T cell and DC retention/egress during experimental CD. We observed that the frequency of CCR7-expressing TH1/TH17 effector lymphocytes increased during active disease in TNFΔARE mice and that ΔARE/CCR7−/− mice developed exacerbated ileitis and multiorgan inflammation, with a marked polarization and ileal retention of TH1 effector CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of ΔARE/CCR7−/− effector CD4+ into lymphopenic hosts resulted in ileo-colitis, whereas those transferred with ΔARE/CCR7+/+ CD4+ T cells developed ileitis. ΔARE/CCR7−/− mice had an acellular draining MLN, decreased CD103+ DC, and decreased expression of RALDH enzymes and of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs. Lastly, a mAb against CCR7 exacerbated ileitis in TNFΔARE mice, phenocopying the effects of congenital CCR7 deficiency. Our data underscore a critical role for the lymphoid chemokine receptor CCR7 in orchestrating immune cell traffic and TH1 versus TH17 bias during chronic murine ileitis.
Pseudo-Dumbbell-Type Molecular Beacon Probes Bearing Modified Deoxyuridine Derivatives and a Silylated Pyrene as a Fluorophore
Authors: Chowdhury Jakir Ahmed , Moriguchi Tomohisa , Shinozuka Kazuo 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
We have recently reported a novel pseudo-dumbbell-type molecular beacon probe (Probe 1) possessing polyamine-connected deoxyuridine (U) and silylated pyrene. The probe showed weak fluorescence signal while it stayed alone. Fluorescence signal of the probe was increased in the presence of the complementary DNA. In this study, we prepared new molecular beacons, Probe 2 and Probe 3, possessing the elongated stem portion of Probe 1. In addition, one U in Probe 2 is substituted by anthraquinone-bearing deoxyuridine residue (Y) in Probe 3. Probe 4 is essentially the same as Probe 1 but one deoxyguanosine in the loop portion of Probe 1 is substituted by deoxyinosine in Probe 4. In Probe 5, 3′-terminal deoxycytidine of Probe 3 is substituted by deoxyadenosine. The fluorescence signal of these probes is effectively quenched in the absence of target DNA. Among all, Probe 3 shows the most effective quenching. On the other hand, the signal is substantially increased in the presence of complementary DNA. The ratio of signal to background in case of Probe 3 is the highest. All these probes also recognize single nucleotide alternation in the target DNA to a different extent. The sequence recognition ability of Probe 3 is also the highest among all the probes.
Subject Oriented Education: from Depth to Project
Authors: Алексеева  , Alekseeva Lada , Мартынова  , Martynova V. 
Published: January 2015

The article discusses the history of vocational education in Russia and the modern trends of its development. There is a detailed analysis of how different
profiles were built in vocational education, how expanding the list of profiles form the concept of «individual profile». Vocational education is considered
in the context of three types of learning outcomes: subject-oriented, interdisciplinary and personal. Special attention is paid to organizational forms
(multi-discipline educational organization, preuniversitario) and to organization of vocational training. The paper provides integration technology of
subject oriented training and project methods of education.
Parents' lived experience in the anaesthetic room
Authors: Muazu Isa M 
Published: January 2015

Background:It is a common practice today in the UK that the majority of children are accompanied to the operating theatre by one or two parents. The Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland (AAGBI) recommends that this is offered to the parents as a recommended standard of care ( AAGBI, 2010 ).Aim:To describe the lived experiences of parents whose children had been scheduled for induction of general anaesthesia.Methods:This study (n=13) adopted a single-method approach involving purposeful sampling to select the participants aged 18–75 years, recruited from the pre-assessment clinics. The use of in-depth interviews was used to generate data about the participant's personal experiences. It is based on a descriptive approach within a phenomenological framework.Results:The analysis of the interviews and narrations of the participants led to the extraction of five major themes consisting of emotional impact, views of the impact of their presence, professional issues, information need and coping strategies.Conclusion:The experience of parents witnessing their children in the anaesthetic room being placed under anaesthesia can be considered to be stressful for the parents. Intervention strategies are needed to reduce the stress for the parents during this period. Health professionals need to have a better understanding of the individual coping strategies to support each parent and the impacts on parents' wellbeing.
Redox imaging using genetically encoded redox indicators in zebrafish and mice
Authors: Breckwoldt Michael O. , Wittmann Christine , Misgeld Thomas , Kerschensteiner Martin , Grabher Clemens 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Redox signals have emerged as important regulators of cellular physiology and pathology. The advent of redox imaging in vertebrate systems now provides the opportunity to dynamically visualize redox signaling during development and disease. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the generation of genetically encoded redox indicators (GERIs), introduce new redox imaging strategies, and highlight key publications in the field of vertebrate redox imaging. We also discuss the limitations and future potential of in vivo redox imaging in zebrafish and mice.
Phagocytosis‐dependent activation of aTLR9–BTK–calcineurin–NFATpathway co‐ordinates innate immunity toAspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Herbst Susanne , Shah Anand , Mazon Moya Maria , Marzola Vanessa , Jensen Barbara , Reed Anna , Birrell Mark A , Saijo Shinobu , Mostowy Serge , Shaunak Sunil , Armstrong‐James Darius 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTransplant recipients on calcineurin inhibitors are at high risk of invasive fungal infection. Understanding how calcineurin inhibitors impair fungal immunity is a key priority for defining risk of infection. Here, we show that the calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus impairs clearance of the major mould pathogenAspergillus fumigatusfrom the airway, by inhibiting macrophage inflammatory responses. This leads to defective early neutrophil recruitment and fungal clearance. We confirm these findings in zebrafish, showing an evolutionarily conserved role for calcineurin signalling in neutrophil recruitment during inflammation. We find that calcineurin–NFATactivation is phagocytosis dependent and collaborates withNF‐κB forTNF‐α production. For yeast zymosan particles, activation of macrophage calcineurin–NFAToccurs via the phagocytic Dectin‐1–spleen tyrosine kinase pathway, but forA. fumigatus, activation occurs via a phagosomalTLR9‐dependent and Bruton's tyrosine kinase‐dependent signalling pathway that is independent of MyD88. We confirm the collaboration betweenNFATandNF‐κB forTNF‐α production in primary alveolar macrophages. These observations identify inhibition of a newly discovered macrophageTLR9–BTK–calcineurin–NFATsignalling pathway as a key immune defect that leads to organ transplant‐related invasive aspergillosis.
Cinacalcet normalizes serum calcium in a double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled study in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism with contraindications to surgery
Authors: Khan Aliya , Bilezikian John , Bone Henry , Gurevich Andrey , Lakatos Peter , Misiorowski Waldemar , Rozhinskaya Liudmila , Trotman Marie-Louise , Tóth Miklós 
Published: January 2015

ObjectivePrimary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is diagnosed by the presence of hypercalcemia and elevated or nonsuppressed parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Although surgery is usually curative, some individuals fail or are unable or unwilling to undergo parathyroidectomy. In such individuals, targeted medical therapy may be of value. Cinacalcet normalized calcium level and lowered PTH in patients with PHPT in several phase 2 and open-label studies. We compared cinacalcet and placebo in subjects with PHPT unable to undergo parathyroidectomy.DesignPhase 3, double-blind, multi centere, randomized, placebo-controlled study.MethodsSixty-seven subjects (78% women) with moderate PHPT were randomized (1:1) to cinacalcet or placebo for ≤28 weeks.Main outcome measureAchievement of a normal mean corrected total serum calcium concentration of ≤10.3 mg/dl (2.575 mmol/l).ResultsBaseline median (quartile 1 (Q1), Q3) serum PTH was 164.0 (131.0, 211.0) pg/ml and mean (s.d.) serum Ca was 11.77 (0.46) mg/dl. Serum Ca normalized (≤10.3 mg/dl) in 75.8% of cinacalcet- vs 0% of placebo-treated subjects (P<0.001). Corrected serum Ca decreased by ≥1.0 mg/dl from baseline in 84.8% of cinacalcet- vs 5.9% of placebo-treated subjects (P<0.001). Least squares mean (s.e.m.) plasma PTH change from baseline was −23.80% (4.18%) (cinacalcet) vs −1.01% (4.05%) (placebo) (P<0.001). Similar numbers of subjects in the cinacalcet and placebo groups reported adverse events (AEs) (27 vs 20) and serious AEs (three vs four). Most commonly reported AEs were nausea and muscle spasms.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that cinacalcet normalizes serum calcium in this PHPT population and appears to be well tolerated.
ENDOCRINE TUMOURS: Familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma is a more aggressive disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Xiaofei , Cheng Wenli , Li Jingdong , Su Anping , Wei Tao , Liu Feng , Zhu Jingqiang 
Published: January 2015

ObjectiveThere is controversy as to whether familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) is more aggressive than sporadic NMTC (SNMTC). The aim of the study was to evaluate the biological characteristics of patients with FNMTC by a meta-analysis.MethodsFour databases (PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane library databases, and the Web of Science) were searched to identify studies published before September, 2014. All original studies that compared clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with FNMTC and SNMTC were included. The pooled effect sizes of interesting parameters were calculated by odds ratio (OR), standard mean difference (SMD), or hazard ratio (HR).ResultsTwelve studies with a total of 12 741 participants were included in this analysis. FNMTC patients had an increased rate of recurrence (OR=1.72, 95% CI: 1.34 to 2.20) and decreased disease-free survival (DFS) (HR=1.83, 95% CI: 1.34 to 2.52) in comparison with SNMTC patients. FNMTC possessed more aggressive biological behaviors, characterized by younger age at diagnosis (SMD=−0.91, 95% CI: −1.59 to −0.22), higher risk of multifocal (OR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.32 to 1.71), bilateral (OR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.66), extrathyroidal invasion (OR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.41), and lymph node metastasis (OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.38).ConclusionFNMTC is a more aggressive disease and possesses higher recurrence rate and lower DFS. More attention and careful consideration should be paid regarding the decision about treatment for patients with FNMTC.
Preoperative imaging for focused parathyroidectomy: making a good strategy even better
Authors: Guerin Carole , Lowery Aoife , Gabriel Sophie , Castinetti Frédéric , Philippon Mélanie , Vaillant-Lombard Josiane , Loundou Anderson , Henry Jean-François , Sebag Frédéric , Taïeb David 
Published: January 2015

ObjectiveSurgical treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) has undergone a major paradigm shift during the last decades from bilateral cervicotomy with four-gland neck exploration to image-guided focused approaches. The primary objective of the present study was to compare the performances of parathyroid scintigraphy (PS), parathyroid ultrasonography (US), and the combination of both procedures for guiding a focused approach on the basis of modified interpretation criteria.MethodsData from 199 patients operated for apparent sporadic pHPT and evaluated with US and PS using dual-isotope 123I/99mTc-sestamibi planar pinhole and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) acqusitions were evaluated.ResultsA total of 127 patients underwent a focused approach and the remainder had bilateral cervicotomy. In 42 cases, a focused approach was not performed due to the absence of concordant results between US and PS for a single-gland abnormality. Four patients had persistent disease and three had recurrent disease. A localizing preoperative PS had a sensitivity of 93.3%, positive predictive value of 85.8%, negative predictive value of 73.0%, and accuracy of 83.4% for predicting uniglandular disease. Additional SPECT images accurately localize posterior adenomas that are often missed by US. Compared with PS, US had a lower sensitivity (P<0.01). Our imaging protocol also enabled diagnosis of multiglandular disease in 60.6%.ConclusionsPS using a highly sensitive dual-tracer subtraction method is the most accurate technique for directing a focused approach. PS could be sufficient for directing a focused approach in the presence of a negative US in two major circumstances: posterior locations due to acquired ectopia that could be missed by US, and previous history of thyroidectomy due to interpretation difficulties.
TheDrosophilaGenome Nexus: A Population Genomic Resource of 623Drosophila melanogasterGenomes, Including 197 from a Single Ancestral Range Population
Authors: Lack Justin B , Cardeno Charis M , Crepeau Marc W , Taylor William , Corbett-Detig Russell B , Stevens Kristian A , Langley Charles H , Pool John E 
Published: January 2015

AbstractHundreds of wild-derived Drosophila melanogaster genomes have been published, but rigorous comparisons across data sets are precluded by differences in alignment methodology. The most common approach to reference-based genome assembly is a single round of alignment followed by quality filtering and variant detection. We evaluated variations and extensions of this approach and settled on an assembly strategy that utilizes two alignment programs and incorporates both substitutions and short indels to construct an updated reference for a second round of mapping prior to final variant detection. Utilizing this approach, we reassembled published D. melanogaster population genomic data sets and added unpublished genomes from several sub-Saharan populations. Most notably, we present aligned data from phase 3 of the Drosophila Population Genomics Project (DPGP3), which provides 197 genomes from a single ancestral range population of D. melanogaster (from Zambia). The large sample size, high genetic diversity, and potentially simpler demographic history of the DPGP3 sample will make this a highly valuable resource for fundamental population genetic research. The complete set of assemblies described here, termed the Drosophila Genome Nexus, presently comprises 623 consistently aligned genomes and is publicly available in multiple formats with supporting documentation and bioinformatic tools. This resource will greatly facilitate population genomic analysis in this model species by reducing the methodological differences between data sets.
Adimensionalización de una ecuación diferencial en un problema práctico de ingeniería
Authors: Alvarado Rogelio , Bernal Miguel Angel , Narváez José Rafael , Quiñones César Augusto 
Published: January 2015

<p>En este trabajo se muestra la aplicación del teorema Pi de Buckingham para obtener parámetros adimensionales en el proceso de adimensionalizar una ecuación y una consecuencia de esto para el caso particular de un amortiguador elástico conectado al parachoques de un automóvil en la búsqueda de valores óptimos para las constantes<br />de elasticidad del resorte y de atenuación del amortiguador c. Problema estudiado por el ingeniero D. A. Peters en su artículo Optimum Spring-Damper Design for Mass Impact[1]. Por claridad con el lector nos permitimos expandir algunos de los cálculos propuestos en la mencionada publicación y el uso del lenguaje de programación C++ para implementar el método de Newton-Raphson. Finalmente se muestra el instrumento<br />virtual Labview 8.5 que se construyó para el sistema con el objetivo de obtener los mejores valores de k y c.</p>
Caracterización química del aceite esencial e identificación preliminar de metabolitos secundarios en hojas de la especie raputia heptaphylla (rutaceae)
Authors: Coy Barrera Carlos Andrés , Parra Jorge , Cuca Suárez Luis Enrique 
Published: January 2015

<p>Con el objetivo de determinar la composición química del aceite esencial de hojas de la especie R. heptaphylla que pertenece a la familia Rutaceae y de la presencia preliminar de algunos metabolitos secundarios presentes en esta especie, se realizó la Cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas (CG-EM) al aceite esencial obtenido por arrastre con vapor y se realizaron pruebas químicas cualitativas de coloración y precipitación al extracto etanólico de hojas; encontrando para el caso del aceite la presencia principalmente de compuestos tipo monoterpeno y en el análisis fitoquímico preliminar la posible presencia de; flavonoides, alcaloides, terpenoides, compuestos aromáticos y taninos.</p>
Dinámicas y relaciones entre los emprendimientos, la formación del capital humano y los sistemas de producción de cinco empresas MiPymes del sector alimenticio en Bogotá
Authors: Rodríguez Restrepo Victor José 
Published: January 2015

Este documento presenta los resultados de unainvestigación sobre las dinámicas yrelaciones entre emprendimientos en cinco MiPymes del sector alimenticio en la ciudad deBogotá. La pregunta a resolver en este estudio es qué tanto se han dimensionadoestas empresas en el tema de laformación del capital humano para poder ser cada vez más competitivas yproductivas y llegar a formar una cadenao red para el país, de tal forma quepuedan abordar los mercados nacionales en el corto plazo y pensar enincursionar en los mercados internacionales al largo plazo, sabiendo que lasposibilidades de mejorar la tecnología enlas empresas son casi nulas. Todas ellas son empresasmanufactureras, unas más artesanales que otras, con poca capacidad deinnovación, comprometidas en actividades comerciales y productivas. Siendo MiPymesdel subsector de alimentos en el renglón de la panadería, se presentan losresultados observados y analizados a través de esta investigación.
Integración in (disciplinar) de las diversas áreas convergentes en las problemáticas ambientales. Desafío, tránsito y estado necesario.
Authors: Taborda Tapasco Ana María 
Published: January 2015

Los cuestionamientos ala labor científica y las preguntas por las causas y consecuencias de la crisisambiental, son temáticas que se retroalimentan configurando ámbitos de debatecompartidos, de donde surgen planteamientos sobre los desafíos para la ciencia,tecnología y educación, en lo referente a la atención requerida por lastensiones entre ecosistemas y culturas que vivimos actualmente y frente a lascuales, la ciencia debería actuar como dispositivo de apoyo para buscaralternativas de sostenibilidad, de divulgación y de vinculación entre distintossectores, a la vez que permita las sinergias de los conocimientos generados enlos diversos sectores. Profundizar en campos innovadores, quetraspasen las fronteras de la distinción entre ciencias sociales y cienciasexactas, revalúan su pertinencia, propiciando la creatividad en los pensadorespara generar ideas que puedan dar soporte a cambios culturales y a una adecuadainterpretación de la realidad, ya sea para replicar hechos o proponertransformaciones. Es así como el tránsito más fluido entre áreas disciplinaresque permita hacer conexiones entre teorías y metodologías antes no imaginadas,se presenta como un amplio espacio de trabajo para explorar en décadasvenideras para revitalizar el papel de la ciencia en la sociedad.
Propuesta de integración empresarial para el sector industrial de calzado y marroquinería de El Restrepo, Bogotá
Authors: Hernández Olave Juan Sebastián 
Published: January 2015

El artículo, resultado de investigación, identifica las características de la aglomeración empresarial de El Restrepo, uno de los sectores más afectados por intensas dinámicas de mercado. Buscó responder a tres objetivos fundamentales: Desarrollar una investigación de los fundamentos teóricos de la integración; Comprender las particularidades de los empresarios del sector y las condiciones del mercado interno que les impactan mediante la exploración de estudios sectoriales. Por último proponer un modelo de integración empresarial que planteó nuevas estrategias para intervenir las principales problemáticas del sector. Para el desarrollo de la investigación, se determinaron tres fases metodológicas para cumplir los objetivos propuestos y como resultado se obtuvo un modelo de integración que respondió a los objetivos de investigación y a las características de los empresarios de la aglomeración en estudio y se plantea que nuevas investigaciones son importantes para comprender aspectos relacionados con la confianza de los empresarios y su influencia en la generación de modelos de integración.
Estudio crítico de la legislación especial regulatoria de las organizaciones solidarias fase II.
Authors: Velandia-Hernández Carolina 
Published: January 2015

Este artículo es el resultado de la investigación propuesta en el Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas, Políticas y Sociales (cifad). Este proyecto buscó responder a la dispersión normativa, compilando en una sola codificación las normas principales y complementarias, documento inédito entregado y que reposa en la biblioteca del centro de investigaciones. Se propuso también entregar a través del presente documento un análisis de la estructura general de este cuerpo normativo, de manera que sea posible reconstruir y descubrir los detalles derivados de los principios de la solidaridad en la legislación colombiana, sus impactos y sus principales transformaciones. Con este panorama de referencia, se concluyó que la dinámica del derecho y la economía solidaria parten desde el punto de vista de lo real y lo histórico concreto. Esto en conformidad con los postulados de Manuel Jacques Parraguez, quien afirma que al derecho le compete un sentido no sólo ordenador de lo existente, sino también de cambio activo y constante. Al final del documento se podrá observar cómo esta tarea la asume el derecho social y solidario, de acuerdo con sus objetivos estratégicos derivados de la cohesión social.
La inconstitucionalidad por omisión: una revisión jurídica
Authors: Garzón-Buenaventura Edgard Fabian 
Published: January 2015

En el desarrollo del estatuto normativo, se parte de la premisa de la validez jurídica de la norma, sostenida bajo el concepto positivista jurídico de la supremacía constitucional. Se desprende de esta idea que ninguna norma legislativa o administrativa puede contrariar por vía de acción el precepto legal. De acuerdo con lo anterior, es necesario instruir sobre la idea de que el legislador, el ejecutivo y los funcionarios administrativos también pueden atropellar el precepto jurídico por vía de omisión, razón por la cual se tiene obligación de actuar de una manera determinada para que tenga eficacia plena la norma constitucional.