bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deleted in Breast Cancer 1 regulates cellular senescence during obesity
Authors: Escande Carlos , Nin Veronica , Pirtskhalava Tamar , Chini Claudia C. , Thereza Barbosa Maria , Mathison Angela , Urrutia Raul , Tchkonia Tamar , Kirkland James L. , Chini Eduardo N. 
Published: July 2014

SummaryChronic obesity leads to inflammation, tissue dysfunction, and cellular senescence. It was proposed that cellular senescence during obesity and aging drives inflammation and dysfunction. Consistent with this, clearance of senescent cells increases healthspan in progeroid mice. Here, we show that the protein Deleted in Breast Cancer‐1 (DBC1) regulates cellular senescence during obesity. Deletion of DBC1 protects preadipocytes against cellular senescence and senescence‐driven inflammation. Furthermore, we show protection against cellular senescence in DBC1 KO mice during obesity. Finally, we found that DBC1 participates in the onset of cellular senescence in response to cell damage by mechanism that involves binding and inhibition of HDAC3. We propose that by regulating HDAC3 activity during cellular damage, DBC1 participates in the fate decision that leads to the establishment of cellular senescence and consequently to inflammation and tissue dysfunction during obesity.
Roaming characteristics and feeding practices of village dogs scavenging sea‐turtle nests
Authors: Ruiz‐Izaguirre E. , van Woersem A. , Eilers K. (C.) H. A. M. , van Wieren S. E. , Bosch G. , van der Zijpp A. J. , de Boer I. J. M. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractVillage dogs are reported to prey on sea‐turtle nests at various beaches worldwide. Sea‐turtle species present in Mexico include six species, which are listed under the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List. It is however not clear why dogs scavenge and how they enter nesting areas; this hinders effective management of dogs at sea‐turtle nesting beaches. Hunger, for example, could be a driving factor for village dogs to scavenge sea‐turtle nests. The aim of this study was to gain insight into roaming characteristics and feeding practices of dogs scavenging sea‐turtle nests. Movements of 19 village dogs (9 nest scavengers and 10 non‐nest scavengers) at Colola village and beach (an important nesting ground for the eastern Pacific green turtle: Chelonia mydas) were monitored through radio‐tracking and direct observations. A prerequisite for nest scavenging is traveling to the beach. We computed ‘distance from home to beach’ and ‘the activity range’ of nest scavengers and non‐nest scavengers. Furthermore, the dogs' owners were interviewed regarding feeding practices. Nest scavengers had a lower metabolic energy intake of their daily food corn tortillas (296 kJ kg−1 BW0.75) than non‐nest scavengers (464 kJ kg−1 BW0.75) (two‐sample t‐test = 2.67, P = 0.017). Moreover, 39% of owners reported that they provided turtle eggs or egg shells to their dogs at least once. The activity range of nest scavengers was significantly larger than that of non‐nest scavengers (F = 11.64, P = 0.007). Dogs were generally found at the beach at night (42%) and dawn (34%). Our findings have implications for the management of dogs at sea‐turtle nesting beaches. We recommend that dogs' movements should be restricted between night (09:00 pm) and dawn (06:00 am) and that sufficient and adequate feeding of dogs should be promoted among dog owners.
Functional groups of woody species in semi‐arid regions at low latitudes
Authors: de Oliveira Clemir Candeia , Zandavalli Roberta Boscaini , de Lima André Luiz Alves , Rodal Maria Jesus Nogueira 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn seasonally dry environments, woody species have different survival strategies. However, little is known about how environmental variables affect the phenology and water dynamics of these species. We aim to understand which variables initiate the vegetative phenophases of species in a tropical semiarid climate at 3°S latitude, where variation in photoperiod is minimal and rainfall is seasonal. We hypothesize that groups of species with similar vegetative phenologies, under similar conditions, are functionally similar in terms of water storage and use. We analyse the relationship between functional characteristics related to the acquisition and utilization of water, such as wood density, water storage capacity, water potential and vegetative phenology. The attributes were ordered by multidimensional scaling, and a multiple response permutation procedure was used to test consistency of the groups. Canonical correspondence analysis and Mantel tests were used to evaluate the phenophase response to environmental variables. We found four functional groups: (i) deciduous low wood density, which lose 75% of their leaves one month before the end of the rains; (ii) evergreen high wood density; (iii) early deciduous high wood density, which lose 75% of their leaves one month after the end of the rains; and (iv) late deciduous high wood density, which lose 75% of their leaves two months after the end of the rains. As expected, the vegetative phenodynamics of the deciduous high wood density group were mainly influenced by water availability. The evergreens did not show a correlation with rainfall. Only leaf shedding of the late deciduous, and the vegetative phenophases of the evergreens, responded to an increase in temperature and photoperiod. Bud‐break responded to increased photoperiod and soil humidity in the deciduous low wood density group. The foliar periodicity groups can be explained by the presence of species that differ mainly in their mechanisms of water acquisition and use.
The genetics of brown coat color and white spotting in domestic yaks (Bos grunniens)
Authors: Zhang M.‐Q. , Xu X. , Luo S.‐J. 
Published: July 2014

SummaryDomestic yaks (Bos grunniens) exhibit two major coat color variations: a brown vs. wild‐type black pigmentation and a white spotting vs. wild‐type solid color pattern. The genetic basis for these variations in color and distribution remains largely unknown and may be complicated by a breeding history involving hybridization between yaks and cattle. Here, we investigated 92 domestic yaks from China using a candidate gene approach. Sequence variations in MC1R, PMEL and TYRP1 were surveyed in brown yaks; TYRP1 was unassociated with the coloration and excluded. Recessive mutations from MC1R, or p.Gln34*, p.Met73Leu and possibly p.Arg142Pro, are reported in bovids for the first time and accounted for approximately 40% of the brown yaks in this study. The remaining 60% of brown individuals correlated with a cattle‐derived deletion mutation from PMEL (p.Leu18del) in a dominant manner. Degrees of white spotting found in yaks vary from color sidedness and white face, to completely white. After examining the candidate gene KIT, we suggest that color‐sided and all‐white yaks are caused by the serial translations of KIT (Cs6 or Cs29) as reported for cattle. The white‐faced phenotype in yaks is associated with the KIT haplotype Swf. All KIT mutations underlying the serial phenotypes of white spotting in yaks are identical to those in cattle, indicating that cattle are the likely source of white spotting in yaks. Our results reveal the complex genetic origins of domestic yak coat color as either native in yaks through evolution and domestication or as introduced from cattle through interspecific hybridization.
Riches, Real Estate, and Resistance: How Land Speculation, Debt, and Trade Monopolies Led to theAmerican Revolution
Authors: Curtis Thomas D. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWhy did the colonies ofNorthAmerica rebel againstEngland in 1775? More than ideas of political freedom were at stake. It is unlikely that the colonists would have demanded independence if powerful land speculators, merchants, and urban artisans had not joined forces to protect their economic interests.England had levied taxes on the colonies, and the colonists had successfully overturned those measures. Taxation was a superficial problem. But in 1773, when England imposed a commercial monopoly on tea sales, and in 1774, when it cut off settlement in western lands, the colonists saw no choice but to rebel and create their own nation.GeorgeWashington,ThomasJefferson,PatrickHenry,GeorgeMason,RichardHenryLee, and other wealthyVirginians who led theAmericanRevolution stood to lose their huge investment in potential land sales ifEngland maintained control of the colonies.
Comparison of postoperative pain between single‐incision and conventional laparoscopic appendectomy in children
Authors: Miyauchi Yuya , Sato Masahito , Hattori Kengo 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to evaluate differences in postoperative pain between single‐incision laparoscopic appendectomy (SLA) and conventional laparoscopic appendectomy (CLA) for uncomplicated appendicitis in children.MethodsIn total, 30 patients underwent CLA, and 12 patients underwent SLA. Patients with perforated appendicitis or an abscess were excluded. We evaluated the length of hospital stay, the frequency of postoperative analgesic requirement, and the duration of postoperative pain.ResultsThe mean length of hospital stay was 3.67 ± 0.75 days for the CLA group and 4.0 ± 0.70 days for the SLA group. The mean frequency of postoperative analgesic requirement was 1.93 ± 1.63 times for the CLA group and 2.00 ± 1.00 times for the SLA group. The mean duration of postoperative pain was 52.63 ± 20.82 hours for the CLA group and 55.91 ± 18.45 hours for the SLA group. These postoperative outcomes were similar between the two groups.ConclusionOur study suggests that SLA, which results in similar postoperative pain as CLA, is a feasible technique for uncomplicated appendicitis in children.
Hepatocellular carcinoma in thalassaemia: an update of the Italian Registry
Authors: Borgna‐Pignatti Caterina , Garani Maria Chiara , Forni Gian Luca , Cappellini Maria Domenica , Cassinerio Elena , Fidone Carmelo , Spadola Vincenzo , Maggio Aurelio , Restivo Pantalone Gaetano , Piga Antonio , Longo Filomena , Gamberini Maria Rita , Ricchi Paolo , Costantini Silvia , D'Ascola Domenico , Cianciulli Paolo , Lai Maria Eliana , Carta Maria Paola , Ciancio Angela , Cavalli Paola , Putti Maria Caterina , Barella Susanna , Amendola Giovanni , Campisi Saveria , Capra Marcello , Caruso Vincenzo , Colletta Grazia , Volpato Stefano 
Published: July 2014

SummaryThe risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with thalassaemia is increased by transfusion‐transmitted infections and haemosiderosis. All Italian Thalassaemia Centres use an ad hoc form to report all diagnoses of HCC to the Italian Registry. Since our last report, in 2002, up to December 2012, 62 new cases were identified, 52% of whom were affected by thalassaemia major (TM) and 45% by thalassaemia intermedia (TI). Two had sickle‐thalassaemia (ST). The incidence of the tumour is increasing, possibly because of the longer survival of patients and consequent longer exposure to the noxious effects of the hepatotropic viruses and iron. Three patients were hepatitis B surface antigen‐positive, 36 patients showed evidence of past infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Fifty‐four patients had antibodies against hepatitis C virus (HCV), 43 of whom were HCV RNA positive. Only 4 had no evidence of exposure either to HCV or HBV. The mean liver iron concentration was 8 mg/g dry weight. Therapy included chemoembolization, thermoablation with radiofrequency and surgical excision. Three patients underwent liver transplant, 21 received palliative therapy. As of December 2012, 41 patients had died. The average survival time from HCC detection to death was 11·5 months (1·4–107·2 months). Ultrasonography is recommended every 6 months to enable early diagnosis of HCC, which is crucial to decrease mortality.
Maxillary Sinus Augmentation without Grafting Material with Simultaneous Implant Installation: A Three‐Dimensional Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Yan Xu , Zhang Xinwen , Gao Jie , Matsushita Yasuyuki , Koyano Kiyoshi , Jiang Xi , Ai Hongjun 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPurposeThe study aims to provide a theoretical guidance of postmaxillary implant in the augmented sinus without grafting materials by establishing a three‐dimensional model of this new implant restorative technique, evaluating failure risk of sinus augmentation without grafting materials of different alveolar ridge heights, and analyzing stress distribution of different healing stage.Materials and MethodsSeventeen three‐dimensional finite element models of a posterior maxillary region with sinus mucosa and different elevation heights were constructed according to anatomical data of sinus area, and the standard implant model based on Nobel Biocare implant system were created via computer‐aided design software. All materials were assumed to be isotropic and linearly elastic. Axial force of 150 N was applied. The von Mises stress, stress distribution, and implant displacement were calculated with software.ResultsWith the height of the alveolar ridge reducing, the maximum von Mises stress of tissues and the displacement of the implant are on the rise, especially when the height of the bone is less than 7 mm. When the height decreased to 4 mm, the data may be doubled. After the stiff callus stage, the stress and displacement were close to the control model.ConclusionFor maxillary sinus augmentation without grafting material implant technique, the stress of different tissues and the displacement of the implant were not increased much when the height of alveolar ridge is more than 7 mm. But if the alveolar bone height is less than 4 mm, this implant technique is not suggested. Immediately loading is not suggested and the loading opportunity should be after the stiff callus stage at least to improve the success rate.
A 7‐year prospective radiographic evaluation of marginal bone level around two different implant systems: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Burtscher Doris , Norer Burkhard , Dalla Torre Daniel , Beier Ulrike , Schubert Katharina , Grunert Ingrid 
Published: July 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the change in marginal bone level radiographically around two different implant systems after 7 years of use.Material and methodsTwenty fully edentulous patients were included in the study and randomly assigned to two treatment groups of machined surface implants (Brånemark, n = 40) and rough‐surface implants (Xive, n = 40). The implants were early loaded with individual bar‐retained overdentures. All patients were treated by the same surgeon and the same prosthodontist. Clinical and radiographic examinations were conducted at the time of implant loading (baseline) and annually for up to 7 years of use. Measurements to the nearest 0.1 mm were taken at the mesial and distal site, and the average values were calculated for each implant. A three‐level mixed‐effect analysis of covariance (ANOVA) was used to test the significance of the mean marginal bone change in the two implant groups.ResultsThe study population consisted of 15 women (75%) and five men (25%) with an average age of 61.6 years. A total of 79 of 80 implants integrated successfully. n = 1 Brånemark implant failed after 3 weeks. There was a significant difference (P < 0.001) between the two implant systems at the baseline measurements (0.14 mm Brånemark vs. 0.39 mm Xive) and a highly significant difference for the annual bone loss (0.07 mm [Brånemark] vs. 0.18 mm [Xive], P < 0.001).ConclusionBoth the implant systems are clinically satisfying. Nevertheless, the Brånemark group showed a better radiological performance than the Xive group.
High Frequency and Intensity of Drinking may Attenuate Increased Inflammatory Cytokine Levels of Major Depression in Alcohol‐use Disorders
Authors: Neupane Sudan P. , Lien Lars , Martinez Priscilla , Aukrust Pål , Ueland Thor , Mollnes Tom E. , Hestad Knut , Bramness Jørgen G. 
Published: July 2014

SummaryAimsAs major depression (MD) is often comorbid with alcohol‐use disorders (AUD) and alcohol itself modulates the immune system, we examined serum levels of interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interferon (IFN)‐γ in AUD patients with and without MD. Putative interactions between alcohol variables and MD on cytokine levels were also assessed.MethodsA consecutive sample of inpatients with AUD (N = 176) from eight alcohol treatment centers in Kathmandu, Nepal, was assessed for alcohol use and depression by administering fully structured psychiatric interviews. Serum cytokine levels were determined using multiplex technology.ResultsAlcohol‐use disorders patients with a positive history of MD had higher levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL‐6 (P = 0.019), TNF (P = 0.020), and IFN‐γ (P = 0.001), but not of IL‐10 (P = 0.853). AUD patients with MD had higher concentrations of cytokines compared with those without, regardless of the severity of the alcohol problem, but the difference was greater among those drinking in lower frequency and intensity.ConclusionThese findings provide evidence for altered functioning of the immune system in AUD patients with comorbid MD. However, frequent and intense drinking may attenuate the difference in the cytokine profiles between AUD patients with and without MD.
Histamine Upregulates Nav1.8 Expression in Primary Afferent Neurons via H2 Receptors: Involvement in Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Yue Jia‐Xing , Wang Ran‐Ran , Yu Jie , Tang Ying‐Ying , Hou Wei‐Wei , Lou Guo‐Dong , Zhang Shi‐Hong , Chen Zhong 
Published: July 2014

SummaryIntroductionThe upregulation of Nav1.8 in primary afferents plays a critical role in the development and persistence of neuropathic pain. The mechanisms underlying the upregulation are not fully understood.AimsThe present study aims to investigate the regulatory effect of histamine on the expression of Nav1.8 in primary afferent neurons and its involvement in neuropathic pain.ResultsHistamine at 10−8 M increased the expression of Nav1.8 in cultured DRG neurons. This effect could be blocked by H2 receptor antagonist cimetidine or famotidine, but not by H1 receptor antagonist pyrilamine or dual H3/H4 antagonist thioperamide. Peri‐sciatic administration of histamine increased Nav1.8 expression in the sciatic nerve and L4/L5 DRG neurons in a dose‐dependent manner, accompanied with remarkable mechanical allodynia and heat hyperalgesia in the ipsilateral hindpaw. Famotidine but not pyrilamine or thioperamide inhibited Nav1.8 upregulation and pain hypersensitivity. In addition, famotidine (40 mg/kg, i.p.) not only suppressed autotomy behavior in the rat neuroma model of neuropathic pain but also attenuated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia following partial sciatic nerve ligation. Moreover, famotidine inhibited Nav1.8 upregulation in the neuroma and ligated sciatic nerve.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that histamine increases Nav1.8 expression in primary afferent neurons via H2 receptor‐mediated pathway and thereby contributes to neuropathic pain. H2 receptor antagonists may potentially be used as analgesics for patients with neuropathic pain.
Ectopic pancreas in a giant mediastinal cyst
Authors: Li Wilson W. , van Boven Wim Jan , Jurhill Roy R. , Bonta Peter I. , Annema Jouke T. , de Mol Bas A. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractEctopic pancreas located in the mediastium is an extremely rare anomaly. We present a case of an ectopic pancreas located in a giant mediastinal cyst in an 18‐year‐old man. He presented with symptoms of dyspnea due to external compression of the cyst on the left main bronchus. Complete surgical resection was performed through median sternotomy, with relief of the bronchial compression postoperatively. Literature review showed 20 previously reported cases. These masses were usually large (>10 cm), almost exclusively located in the anterior mediastinum, predominately cystic in nature and generally benign. Surgical resection was performed in all reported cases with a favorable prognosis. Due to the size of these masses, operative treatment can be challenging and should be carefully planned, with specific considerations regarding anesthetic and surgical management.
Laryngopharyngeal symptoms in patients with asthma: a cross‐sectional controlled study
Authors: Hamdan Abdul Latif , Jaffal Hussein , Btaiche Rachel , Turfe Zaahir A. , Bawab Ibrahim , Kanj Nadim , Tamim Hani 
Published: July 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the frequency and severity of laryngopharyngeal symptoms in asthmatic patients. The role of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease as a co‐morbid disease to asthma has not been previously reported.Subjects and MethodSeventy‐two subjects, 36 asthmatics and 36 controls were included in this study. Demographic data included age, gender, status of asthma, use of steroid inhalers, smoking and history of allergy. Pulmonary function test was reported in 13 subjects. The evaluation consisted of filling the Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) described by Belafsky et al. The total score, frequency and average score of each laryngopharyngeal symptom was computed in both groups.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 46.61 ± 17.59 years with a female to male ratio of 2.3:1. Twenty patients were using steroid inhalers. Close to one third were smokers (30.6%) and 55.6% had allergic rhinitis. Thirty‐six percent had controlled asthma vs 64% were uncontrolled. The mean of the total RSI was significantly higher in patients compared with controls (12.03 ± 8.3 vs 6.64 ± 6.08, P value < 0.05). In the asthmatic group, 15 subjects had a positive RSI compared with only 4 in the control group (P value of 0.003). There was a significant difference in the prevalence and means of four laryngopharyngeal symptoms in patients vs controls.ConclusionLaryngopharyngeal reflux disease is more prevalent and more severe in patients with asthma vs controls.
COPD phenotypes in a lung cancer screening population
Authors: Balkan Arzu , Bulut Yonca , Fuhrman Carl R. , Fisher Stephen N. , Wilson David O. , Weissfeld Joel L. , Sciurba Frank C. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackground and AimsCOPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is a very heterogeneous disease, and phenotypic categorization of a high‐risk population has many potential benefits. The present study uses a symptom questionnaire, low‐dose computed tomography (LDCT) and pulmonary function tests (PFT) to phenotypically subgroup a high‐risk population.MethodsStudy group consisted of current or former smokers who underwent lung cancer screening with LDCT as a subgroup of Pittsburgh Lung Screening Study. In addition to LDCT, PFT and a symptom query questionnaire were obtained from each patient.ResultsThe study group consisted of 3183 subjects (age 50–79) subdivided into eight groups according to presence of symptoms, obstruction on PFT and presence of emphysema on LDCT. A total of 501 (15.7%) subjects were asymptomatic, with no airflow obstruction or evidence of emphysema. There were 866 (27.2%) subjects with both obstruction on PFT and emphysema on LDCT, but only 660 (20.7%) had symptoms. Five hundred thirty (16.6%) of the subjects had no emphysema on LDCT but had obstruction on PFT, although only 370 (11.6%) had symptoms. Four hundred seventy‐four (14.9%) of subjects had emphysema on LDCT, but no airflow obstruction, with 312 (9.8%) symptomatic. Finally, 812 (25.5%) of subjects had no evidence of airflow obstruction on PFT or emphysema on LDCT, but had symptoms.ConclusionCombining LDCT with PFT and a comprehensive questionnaire allows subgroup classification of COPD phenotypes in a high‐risk population and may lead to earlier intervention and an improved framework for future studies.