bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Event‐related potentials in response to cheating and cooperation in a social dilemma game
Authors: Bell Raoul , Sasse Julia , Möller Malte , Czernochowski Daniela , Mayr Susanne , Buchner Axel 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA sequential prisoner's dilemma game was combined with psychophysiological measures to examine the cognitive underpinnings of reciprocal exchange. Participants played four rounds of the game with partners who either cooperated or cheated. In a control condition, the partners’ faces were shown, but no interaction took place. The partners’ behaviors were consistent in the first three rounds of the game, but in the last round some of the partners unexpectedly changed strategies. In the first round of the game, the feedback about a partner's decision elicited a feedback P300, which was more pronounced for cooperation and cheating in comparison to the control condition, but did not vary as a function of feedback valence. In the last round, both the feedback negativity and the feedback P300 were sensitive to expectancy violations. There was no consistent evidence for a negativity bias, that is, enhanced allocation of attention to feedback about another person's cheating in comparison to feedback about another person's cooperation. Instead, participants focused on both positive and negative information, and flexibly adjusted their processing biases to the diagnosticity of the information. This conclusion was corroborated by the ERP correlates of memory retrieval. Successful retrieval of a partner's reputation was associated with an anterior positivity between 400 and 600 ms after face onset. This anterior positivity was more pronounced for both cooperator and cheater faces in comparison to control faces. The results suggest that it is not the negativity of social information, but rather its motivational and behavioral relevance that determines its processing.
AnRNAinterference knock‐down of nitrate reductase enhances lipid biosynthesis in the diatomPhaeodactylum tricornutum
Authors: Levitan Orly , Dinamarca Jorge , Zelzion Ehud , Gorbunov Maxim Y. , Falkowski Paul G. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryWhen diatoms are stressed for inorganic nitrogen they remodel their intermediate metabolism and redirect carbon towards lipid biosynthesis. However, this response comes at a significant cost reflected in decreased photosynthetic energy conversion efficiency and growth. Here we explore a molecular genetics approach to restrict the assimilation of inorganic nitrogen by knocking down nitrate reductase (NR). The transformant strain,NR21, exhibited about 50% lower expression and activity of the enzyme but simultaneously accumulated over 40% more fatty acids. However, in contrast to nitrogen‐stressed wild‐type (WT) cells, which grow at about 20% of the rate of nitrogen‐replete cells, growth ofNR21 was only reduced by about 30%. Biophysical analyses revealed that the photosynthetic energy conversion efficiency of photosystemIIwas unaffected inNR21; nevertheless, the plastoquinone pool was reduced by 50% at the optimal growth irradiance while in theWTit was over 90% oxidized. Further analyses reveal a 12‐fold increase in the glutamate/glutamine ratio and an increaseNADPHand malonyl‐CoA pool size. Transcriptomic analyses indicate that the knock down resulted in changes in the expression of genes for lipid biosynthesis, as well as the expression of specific transcription factors. Based on these observations, we hypothesize that the allocation of carbon and reductants in diatoms is controlled by a feedback mechanism between intermediate metabolites, the redox state of the plastid and the expression and binding of transcription factors related to stress responses.
Genome‐wide analysis on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii reveals the impact of hydrogen peroxide on protein stress responses and overlap with other stress transcriptomes
Authors: Blaby Ian K. , Blaby‐Haas Crysten E. , Pérez‐Pérez María Esther , Schmollinger Stefan , Fitz‐Gibbon Sorel , Lemaire Stéphane D. , Merchant Sabeeha S. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryReactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by and have the potential to be damaging to all aerobic organisms. In photosynthetic organisms, they are an unavoidable byproduct of electron transfer in both the chloroplast and mitochondrion. Here, we employ the reference unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to identify the effect of H2O2 on gene expression by monitoring the changes in the transcriptome in a time‐course experiment. Comparison of transcriptomes from cells sampled immediately prior to the addition of H2O2 and 0.5 and 1 h subsequently revealed 1278 differentially abundant transcripts. Of those transcripts that increase in abundance, many encode proteins involved in ROS detoxification, protein degradation and stress responses, whereas among those that decrease are transcripts encoding proteins involved in photosynthesis and central carbon metabolism. In addition to these transcriptomic adjustments, we observe that addition of H2O2 is followed by an accumulation and oxidation of the total intracellular glutathione pool, and a decrease in photosynthetic O2 output. Additionally, we analyze our transcriptomes in the context of changes in transcript abundance in response to singlet O2 (), and relate our H2O2‐induced transcripts to a diurnal transcriptome, where we demonstrate enrichments of H2O2‐induced transcripts early in the light phase, late in the light phase and 2 h prior to light. On this basis several genes that are highlighted in this work may be involved in previously undiscovered stress remediation pathways or acclimation responses.
Genes, circuits, and precision therapies for autism and related neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Sahin Mustafa , Sur Mriganka 
Published: October 2015

Help for neurodevelopmental disorders
When the brain does not develop normally, the disabilities that ensue can affect a person for life. Sahin and Sur review how emerging knowledge of the molecular biology behind a suite of neurodevelopmental disorders is shedding light on the group as a whole. The new knowledge offers tantalizing leads toward more effective therapies.

Science
, this issue p.
10.1126/science.aab3897
Draft Genome Sequence of “
Candidatus
Phytoplasma pruni” Strain CX, a Plant-Pathogenic Bacterium
Authors: Lee I.-M. , Shao J. , Bottner-Parker K. D. , Gundersen-Rindal D. E. , Zhao Y. , Davis R. E. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

“
Candidatus
Phytoplasma pruni” strain CX, belonging to subgroup 16SrIII-A, is a plant-pathogenic bacterium causing economically important diseases in many fruit crops. Here, we report the draft genome sequence, which consists of 598,508 bases, with a G+C content of 27.21 mol%.
Draft Genome Sequence of Burkholderia pseudomallei Strain 350105, Isolated in Hainan, China, in 1976
Authors: Song Lihua , Yu Yonghui , Feng Le , He Jun , Wang Tao , Zhu Hong , Duan Qing 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Burkholderia pseudomallei
is the etiological agent of the potentially fatal disease melioidosis. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of a virulent water isolate obtained from the Hainan Province of China in 1976,
B. pseudomallei
strain 350105.
Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus cereus Group Phage TsarBomba
Authors: Erill Ivan , Caruso Steven M. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

The
Bacillus cereus
group bacteriophage TsarBomba, a double-stranded DNA
Myoviridae
, was isolated from soil collected in Saratov, Russia. TsarBomba was found to be similar to
Bacillus
phages BCP78 and BCU4, and to have a wide host range among
Bacillus cereus
group species.
Draft Genome Sequence of Brazilian Leptospira noguchii Serogroup Panama Strain U73, Isolated from Cattle
Authors: Moreno Luisa Z. , Loureiro Ana P. , Miraglia Fabiana , Matajira Carlos E. C. , Kremer Frederico S. , Eslabao Marcos R. , Dellagostin Odir A. , Lilenbaum Walter , Moreno Andrea M. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Leptospira noguchii
is a current zoonotic pathogen in Brazil. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the Brazilian
L. noguchii
serogroup Panama strain U73, isolated from asymptomatic cattle urine.
Comparison of Whole-Genome Sequences from Two Colony Morphovars of Burkholderia pseudomallei
Authors: Hsueh Pei-Tan , Chen Yao-Shen , Lin Hsi-Hsu , Liu Pei-Ju , Ni Wen-Fan , Liu Mei-Chun , Chen Ya-Lei 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

The entire genomes of two isogenic morphovars (vgh16W and vgh16R) of
Burkholderia pseudomallei
were sequenced. A comparison of the sequences from both strains indicates that they show 99.99% identity, are composed of 22 tandem repeated sequences with <100 bp of indels, and have 199 single-base variants.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Acinetobacter
sp. Strain VT-511 Isolated from the Stomach of a Patient with Gastric Cancer
Authors: Tetz George , Tetz Victor 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

We report the draft genome sequence of
Acinetobacter
sp. strain VT-511, which was obtained from the stomach of a patient with gastric cancer. The genome of
Acinetobacter
sp. VT-511 is composed of approximately 3,416,321 bp and includes 3,214 predicted protein-coding genes.
"Speeding up the road to recovery": The Complex Recovery Assessment and Consultation (CRAC) service
Authors: Davis Le Brun Stephanie 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe number of bed closures in mental health is on the rise, creating additional pressure on services, including acute mental health services. An efficient way of working is required in order to streamline the acute care pathway and decrease unnecessary delays to length of stay, ensuring all individuals can be offered an inpatient bed when in crisis. The Complex Recovery Assessment and Consultation (CRAC) service was created in order to support acute mental health inpatient clinicians in streamlining hospital stays for service users who present with complex presentations that require lengthier admissions (over 40 days) by offering assessment, advice, and intervention from a rehabilitation perspective. The team was also created to understand why individuals may require a lengthy hospital stay.Preliminary data showed that requiring a placement on discharge proved to be the most significant factor in increased length of stay and so the team took on a new role of discharge coordinator after around a year of operating. This involved assisting in decreasing any delays out of hospital through improved communication and dedicated time to complete tasks, such as completing paperwork for placement referrals and funding panels. Since taking on this role it was found that the time taken for individuals to be discharged to a rehabilitation or specialist placement decreased; a rehabilitation placement by 13.12 days and a specialist placement by 9.22 days. Discharge to a family address also decreased by 2.9 days and a home address by 2.47 days. Those patients with complex presentations benefit from having one dedicated team to coordinate the discharge process. Their lengthier acute inpatient stay is improved through streamlining care pathways, ultimately decreasing delays in discharge.
WDR5 Supports an N-Myc Transcriptional Complex That Drives a Protumorigenic Gene Expression Signature in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Sun Yuting , Bell Jessica L. , Carter Daniel , Gherardi Samuele , Poulos Rebecca C. , Milazzo Giorgio , Wong Jason W.H. , Al-Awar Rima , Tee Andrew E. , Liu Pei Y. , Liu Bing , Atmadibrata Bernard , Wong Matthew , Trahair Toby , Zhao Quan , Shohet Jason M. , Haupt Ygal , Schulte Johannes H. , Brown Peter J. , Arrowsmith Cheryl H. , Vedadi Masoud , MacKenzie Karen L. , Hüttelmaier Stefan , Perini Giovanni , Marshall Glenn M. , Braithwaite Antony , Liu Tao 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
MYCN gene amplification in neuroblastoma drives a gene expression program that correlates strongly with aggressive disease. Mechanistically, trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) at target gene promoters is a strict prerequisite for this transcriptional program to be enacted. WDR5 is a histone H3K4 presenter that has been found to have an essential role in H3K4 trimethylation. For this reason, in this study, we investigated the relationship between WDR5-mediated H3K4 trimethylation and N-Myc transcriptional programs in neuroblastoma cells. N-Myc upregulated WDR5 expression in neuroblastoma cells. Gene expression analysis revealed that WDR5 target genes included those with MYC-binding elements at promoters such as MDM2. We showed that WDR5 could form a protein complex at the MDM2 promoter with N-Myc, but not p53, leading to histone H3K4 trimethylation and activation of MDM2 transcription. RNAi-mediated attenuation of WDR5 upregulated expression of wild-type but not mutant p53, an effect associated with growth inhibition and apoptosis. Similarly, a small-molecule antagonist of WDR5 reduced N-Myc/WDR5 complex formation, N-Myc target gene expression, and cell growth in neuroblastoma cells. In MYCN-transgenic mice, WDR5 was overexpressed in precancerous ganglion and neuroblastoma cells compared with normal ganglion cells. Clinically, elevated levels of WDR5 in neuroblastoma specimens were an independent predictor of poor overall survival. Overall, our results identify WDR5 as a key cofactor for N-Myc–regulated transcriptional activation and tumorigenesis and as a novel therapeutic target for MYCN-amplified neuroblastomas. Cancer Res; 75(23); 5143–54. ©2015 AACR.
Abstract A07: Combining CTLA4 and PD-L1 blockade leads to complete eradication of metastatic osteosarcoma
Authors: Lussier Danielle M. , Johnson John L. , Hingorani Pooja , Blattman Joseph N. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Osteosarcoma remains one of the most common bone cancers in children and adolescents. While conventional therapy can be effective at reducing or stabilizing primary osteosarcoma tumors, metastatic disease is typically refractory to treatment. Previously, we have investigated the role of PD-1 in limiting the efficacy of CTL to mediate metastatic osteosarcoma immune control. Blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 interactions in metastatic osteosarcoma dramatically improves survival outcomes by enhancing the function of osteosarcoma-specific CTL. However, PD-1/PD-L1 blockade treated mice still succumb to disease due to the development of PD-L1 antibody resistance. Combinational CTLA-4 and PD-L1 blockade treated mice were able to completely eradicate metastatic osteosarcoma, and generate immunity to disease. These results suggest that blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 interactions in patients with metastatic osteosarcoma may lead to tumor resistance, requiring combinational immunotherapies to combat disease.
Citation Format: Danielle M. Lussier, John L. Johnson, Pooja Hingorani, Joseph N. Blattman. Combining CTLA4 and PD-L1 blockade leads to complete eradication of metastatic osteosarcoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy: A New Chapter; December 1-4, 2014; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2015;3(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A07.
Abstract A17: The role of radiation-induced TGF-β in the generation of MDSCs
Authors: Gonzalez-Junca Alba , Pelicciotta Ilenia , Discroll Kyla Elizabeth , Barcellos-Hoff Mary Helen 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a subset of myeloid precursors that are only present in pathological situations such as pathogen infection and cancer. Very little is known about the regulation of this cells as well as the regulation of its immunosuppressive function. We are interested in whether MDSC abundance is regulated by tumor cells secreted factors as a means to evade anti-tumor immune responses and how this might be affected by radiation therapy. Our hypothesis is that radiation therapy activation of TGFβ, which has a prominent role in the induction and maintenance of MDSC, promotes MDSC in the tumor microenvironment, thereby limiting tumor control. To test this we first established co-cultures of tumor cell lines and freshly isolated PBMCs from normal donors. MDSC are rarely in healthy donor mono-cultures (less than 1%). However, co-culture with either MDA-MB231 breast cancer cell line or with U118-MG glioma cancer cells resulted in a significant enrichment in the population of MDSCs (up to 12%). We then isolated cells based on CD33 expression for functional characterization. Compared to CD33- cells, the CD33+ population expresses significantly higher levels of ARG1, PDL1, IL10 and TGFB1, which are markers of active MDSC. This model will be modified by co-culture with irradiated tumor cell lines in conjunction with TGFβ inhibitors in ongoing studies. We can postulate that the combination of radiotherapy and TGFβ inhibitors, which are nowadays in clinical trials for different cancer types, could have important therapeutic benefits.
Citation Format: Alba Gonzalez-Junca, Ilenia Pelicciotta, Kyla Elizabeth Discroll, Mary Helen Barcellos-Hoff. The role of radiation-induced TGF-β in the generation of MDSCs. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy: A New Chapter; December 1-4, 2014; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2015;3(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A17.
Abstract A40: Agonistic CD40 antibody combined with chemotherapy drives TLR4/MyD88 independent regression of pancreatic tumors in a T cell dependent manner
Authors: Byrne Katelyn T. , Vonderheide Robert H. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This abstract is being presented as a short talk in the scientific program. A full abstract is printed in the Proffered Abstracts section (PR07) of the Conference Proceedings.
Citation Format: Katelyn T. Byrne, Robert H. Vonderheide. Agonistic CD40 antibody combined with chemotherapy drives TLR4/MyD88 independent regression of pancreatic tumors in a T cell dependent manner. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy: A New Chapter; December 1-4, 2014; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2015;3(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A40.
Abstract A44: Checkpoint inhibition of adaptive immunity by IL-9 can be disrupted to achieve rapid T cell sensitization and rejection of progressive tumor challenges
Authors: Hoelzinger Dominique B. , Dominguez Ana Lucia , Cohen Peter A. , Gendler Sandra J. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Interleukin 9 (IL-9), the signature Th9 cytokine, is associated with T regulatory cell function, parasite expulsion and allergic airway inflammation. Because IL-9 can promote a tolerogenic/immunosuppressive environment, we used IL-9 knock-out (IL-9ko) mice to estimate the role of endogenous IL-9 in the biology of two aggressive breast cancers, TUBO and 4T1, and CT26 a colon carcinoma. Merely eliminating endogenous IL-9 enabled efficient sensitization of host T cells leading to early rejection of growing tumors. Duplicate tumor challenges simply grew progressively in wildtype mice. Interestingly, tumor rejection occurred without additional vaccines or immunomodulatory therapies. The IL-9ko mice acquired immunologic memory, which actively protected from residual disease and tumor rechallenges. The ability of a normally lethal tumor challenge to stimulate an enduring therapeutic response in IL-9ko mice was linked to the activation of CD8+ T cells, as IL-9ko mice failed to be cured if either CD8+ or CD4+ T cells were depleted. Importantly, T cells from tumor-rejecting IL-9ko mice retained effector competence in wildtype mice, and treatments with neutralizing anti-IL-9 significantly slowed tumor progression in wildtype mice. IL-9 inhibits the immune system's ability to prime effective immunological memory after exposure to growing tumor; it therefore functions as a checkpoint inhibitor of adaptive immunity. Optimization of IL-9 neutralization may play a unique role in immunotherapy.
Citation Format: Dominique B. Hoelzinger, Ana Lucia Dominguez, Peter A. Cohen, Sandra J. Gendler. Checkpoint inhibition of adaptive immunity by IL-9 can be disrupted to achieve rapid T cell sensitization and rejection of progressive tumor challenges. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy: A New Chapter; December 1-4, 2014; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2015;3(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A44.
Abstract A54: Laser-assisted intradermal delivery of Xcl1-specific fusion vaccines induces potent antitumor response
Authors: Terhorst Dorothea , Terhorst Dorothea , Fossum Even , Bogen Bjarne , Henri Sandrine , Malissen Bernard 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are highly efficient specialized antigen-presenting cells and have been regarded as promising targets in cancer immunotherapy. Cross-presentation of antigen by a subset of DCs, the CD8α-type DCs to CD8+ T cells is a fundamentally important mechanism in the defense against pathogens and tumors. In human and mice, CD8α-type DCs that are able to cross present uniquely express the chemokine receptor Xcr1 that binds the Xcl1 chemokine. We targeted antigens to cross- presenting CD8α-type DCs using Xcl1 inserted in dimeric vaccine molecules. Bivalent Xcl1 fusion vaccines bind specifically to and chemoattract CD8α-type DCs in a Xcr1 dependent manner.
With its easy accessibility and rich network of DCs, the skin appeals as a promising target site for vaccination. Using the PLEASE® laser microporation system, we specifically applied Xcl1 fusion vaccines into the murine dermis and targeted the cross-presenting CD8α-type dermal DCs. A single application of Xcl1 coupled to the modelantigen Ovalbumin (OVA) on the dermis of the mouse ear skin produced enhanced CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses, even in the absence of adjuvants. The first T-cell response was limited to the ear draining lymph node. This suggests that the application of antigens by laser microporation to the ear leads to a first localized immune response and thus limiting the possible amount of systemic side effects. However, such targeting of Xcl1-OVA also produced a striking enhancement of antibody responses. When the mice were challenged with B16 melanoma expressing OVA, treatment with the Xcl1-OVA could prevent development or mediate eradication of subcutaneous solid B16-OVA melanoma.
We conclude that targeting of dimeric fusion vaccine molecules to dermal CD8α-type DCs by use of Xcl1 represents a novel and promising method for inducing cytotoxic T cell reponses. Targeting the right dendritic cell subset in the right cutaneous compartment via PLEASE® laser microporation is a promising approach for immunotherapy also e.g. against allergies and pathogens.
Citation Format: Dorothea Terhorst, Dorothea Terhorst, Even Fossum, Bjarne Bogen, Sandrine Henri, Bernard Malissen. Laser-assisted intradermal delivery of Xcl1-specific fusion vaccines induces potent antitumor response. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy: A New Chapter; December 1-4, 2014; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2015;3(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A54.
Abstract A57: Determine a transcriptional mechanism novel to tumor infiltrating T cell dysfunction
Authors: Waugh Katherine A. , Leach Sonia , Slansky Jill E. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This abstract is being presented as a short talk in the scientific program. A full abstract is printed in the Proffered Abstracts section (PR03) of the Conference Proceedings.
Citation Format: Katherine A. Waugh, Sonia Leach, Jill E. Slansky. Determine a transcriptional mechanism novel to tumor infiltrating T cell dysfunction. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy: A New Chapter; December 1-4, 2014; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2015;3(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A57.