bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined PI3K/Akt and Hsp90 targeting synergistically suppresses essential functions of alloreactive T cells and increases Tregs
Authors: Berges Carsten , Bedke Tanja , Stuehler Claudia , Khanna Nina , Zehnter Sarah , Kruhm Michaela , Winter Nadine , Bargou Ralf C , Topp Max S , Einsele Hermann , Chatterjee Manik 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease is still a major cause of transplant-related mortality after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. It requires immunosuppressive treatments that broadly abrogate T cell responses, including beneficial ones directed against tumor cells or infective pathogens. Inhibition of the heat shock protein of 90 kDa has been demonstrated to eliminate tumor cells, as well as alloreactive T cells while preserving antiviral T cell immunity. Here, we show that the suppressive effects of heat shock protein of 90 kDa inhibition on alloreactive T cells were synergistically enhanced by concomitant inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which is also strongly activated upon allogeneic stimulation. Molecular analyses revealed that this antiproliferative effect was mainly mediated by induction of cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. In addition, we observed an increased proportion of activated regulatory T cells, which critically contribute to acute graft-versus-host disease control, upon combined heat shock protein of 90 kDa/Akt isoforms 1 and 2 or heat shock protein of 90 kDa/PI3K/p110δ isoform inhibition. Moreover, antiviral T cell immunity was functionally preserved after combined heat shock protein of 90 kDa/Akt isoforms 1 and 2 inhibition. Taken together, our data suggest that the combined heat shock protein of 90 kDa/PI3K/Akt inhibition approach represents a reasonable dual strategy to suppress residual tumor growth and efficiently deplete alloreactive T cells and thus, provide a rationale to prevent and treat acute graft-versus-host disease selectively without impairing pathogen-specific T cell immunity.
An Efficient Approach to Prepare Carbon Nanotube–Gold Nanoparticles Nanocomposites Based on Amphiphilic Copolymer Containing Coumarin
Authors: Liu Jingcheng , Lin Licheng , Xie Yazhen , Liu Yanbing , Yuan Yan , Liu Xiaoya , Liu Ren 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
An efficient approach to prepare carbon nanotube–gold nanoparticle nanocomposites was reported by using amphiphilic copolymer containing coumarin. Amphiphilic copolymer PSVM was synthesized by addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and was employed to functionalize pristine MWNTs (multiwalled nanotubes). Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) synthesized by an in situ reduction approach were then strongly anchored on the functionalized MWNTs. This technique provided a simple and convenient route to efficiently assemble AuNPs onto the surfaces of MWNTs.
IURO – Soziale Mensch-Roboter-Interaktion in den Straßen von München
Authors: Buss Martin , Carton Daniel , Khan Sheraz , Kühnlenz Barbara , Kühnlenz Kolja , Landsiedel Christian , de Nijs Roderick , Turnwald Annemarie , Wollherr Dirk 
Published: August 2015

Zusammenfassung
Das Projekt Interactive Urban Robot (IURO)
erforscht Mensch-Roboter-Interaktion und autonome Robotik in
innerstädtischer Umgebung. In dem beleuchteten Szenario ist der
Roboter auf Routenanweisungen von Passanten angewiesen, die er in
natürlichsprachlichem Dialog und multimodaler Interaktion erwirbt.
Besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf den sozialen Gesichtspunkten, die
dieses Szenario, bei dem der Roboter auf Hilfestellung von
unbedarften Interaktionspartnern angewiesen ist, mit sich bringt.
Es werden zudem Aspekte der Navigation und Wahrnehmung in der
komplexen Umgebung einer Innenstadt erörtert.
Modellierung und Nichtlineare Modellprädiktive Regelung des Abluftmassenstroms von Brennstoffzellen
Authors: Schultze Martin , Horn Joachim 
Published: August 2015

Zusammenfassung
Polymerelektrolytmembran-Brennstoffzellen sind effiziente Energiewandler, liefern elektrische Energie, Wasser und sauerstoffarme
Abluft. Letztere eignet sich zur Flugzeug-Tank-Inertisierung. Der Beitrag beschreibt die Modellierung, Zustandsschätzung und
Nichtlineare Modellprädiktive Regelung eines multifunktionalen Brennstoffzellensystems. Ziel ist die geregelte Bereitstellung eines
entfeuchteten, sauerstoffarmen Abluftmassenstroms.
Movement Onset Detection and Target Estimation for Robot-Aided Arm Training
Authors: Riener Robert , Novak Domen 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This paper presents a motion intention estimation algorithm that is based on the recordings of joint torques, joint positions,
electromyography, eye tracking and contextual information. It is intended to be used to support a virtual-reality-based robotic arm
rehabilitation training. The algorithm first detects the onset of a reaching motion using joint torques and electromyography. It then
predicts the motion target using a combination of eye tracking and context, and activates robotic assistance toward the target. The
algorithm was first validated offline with 12 healthy subjects, then in a real-time robot control setting with 3 healthy subjects. In
offline crossvalidation, onset was detected using torques and electromyography 116 ms prior to detectable changes in joint
positions. Furthermore, it was possible to successfully predict a majority of motion targets, with the accuracy increasing over the
course of the motion. Results were slightly worse in online validation, but nonetheless show great potential for real-time use with
stroke patients.
Aktive Magnetlagerung für Turbomaschinen auf Basis von Standardantriebstechnik
Authors: Denk Joachim , Köpken Hans-Georg , Stoiber Dietmar , Viering Frank 
Published: August 2015

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Artikel beschreibt, wie zuverlässige Standardantriebsregelungstechnik und Standardleistungsteile, die in
Werkzeugmaschinenanwendungen in hoher Stückzahl zum Einsatz kommen, genutzt werden können, um Magnetlager in
Turbomaschinenanwendungen anzusteuern. Als Nachweis für die Tragfähigkeit des Ansatzes werden Ergebnisse von Prototypentests
mit einem 5-MW-Asynchronmotor sowie eine Kundenprototypenanwendung mit einem 23-MW-Kompressorstrang präsentiert.
Development of a tunable drug delivery system based on chitosan/polyacrylic acid polyelectrolyte multilayers from biodegradable scaffolds
Authors: Wulf Katharina , Schünemann Sophie , Strohbach Anne , Busch Raila , Felix Stephan B. , Schmitz Klaus-Peter , Sternberg Katrin , Petersen Svea 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPolyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films, established by layer-by-layer deposition, are attractive for drug delivery systems as drug delivery can be systematically controlled. However, one limitation of this coating method is the time-consuming character. The adsorption time of one layer typically takes minutes and commonly, investigated multilayers loaded with drugs contain more than 80 layers. Within our study we systematically evaluate parameters allowing the generation of a PEM-based drug delivery system on poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) with a reduced time consuming construction process and a controlled delivery of physiological amounts of active drugs. Therefore, several PEM based on PLLA with only five tetralayers consisting of polycation/polyanion/drug/polyanion are established and investigated regarding the release profiles of avidin fluorescein isothiocyanate as model substance and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We demonstrate that the polyelectrolyte nature and molecular weight of polyanions (hyaluronic acid, polyacrylic acid) and polycations (poly-L-lysine, chitosan) strongly influence the drug release profiles. Furthermore, in vitro cell culture studies show that the released VEGF amount and the cover layer from the favorite coating systems can beneficially enhance human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation.
Catalytic Degradation of Pyrrole in Aqueous Solution by Cu/SBA-15
Authors: Garg Shweta , Srivastava Vimal Chandra , Singh Seema , Mandal Tapas Kumar 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Present study reports parametric and kinetic study for catalytic per oxidation (CPO) of pyrrole by Cu/SBA-15 catalyst using H2O2 as an oxidant. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and thermo gravimetric-differential thermal analyses were used for the characterization of catalyst. Effects of various operating variables such as initial concentration of pyrrole (Co): 48.3–386.8 mg/L, catalytic dose (Cw): 0.5–2 g/L, stoichiometric ratio of hydrogen peroxide/pyrrole: 1–4, and reaction temperature (T): 50–60°C were studied. More than 85% pyrrole mineralization was observed at the optimum conditions of Cw = 1.5 g/L, stoichiometric ratio of hydrogen peroxide/pyrrole = 3, T = 55°C at pH = 6.1. A two-step pseudo-first-order kinetic model well-described the pyrrole mineralization by the CPO process.
How unique is the service leadership model? A comparison with contemporary leadership approaches
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Chung Po P.Y. , Leung Hildie 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe growth of the service economy in the contemporary world has resulted in a different set of requirements for effective leadership as compared with the industrial era, which focused primarily on manufacturing industries. To nurture “service leaders” in the service economy, the Hong Kong Institute of Service Leadership and Management proposed the service leadership model. The key characteristics of the service leadership model are outlined in this paper. A systematic comparison was also conducted to identify the common and unique features of the service leadership model with reference to the existing leadership theories, including the trait, servant, spiritual, authentic, ethical, transformational, charismatic, and top-down leadership approaches. The limitations and future directions for research in service leadership are also presented.
Evolution and realms of service leadership and leadership models
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Sun Rachel C.F. , Liu Ting Ting 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis paper presents a lesson plan in a course entitled “Service Leadership” at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. In that lecture, three basic aspects of the service leadership model are presented. First, the origin of service leadership from an evolutionary anthropology perspective is outlined. Second, three realms of service leadership with reference to self, others and systems are presented. Third, two leadership models (i.e. top-down and bottom-up models) are introduced, and their strengths and weaknesses are examined. Students are also invited to reflect on their assumptions of men with reference to leadership. Several class activities including role-play, self-reflection exercises and questionnaire survey are designed to help students achieve the learning outcomes. The paper ends by highlighting topics which can help students to have critical thinking and reflections.
Response of Piles Subjected to Progressive Soil Movement
Authors: Qin Hongyu , Guo Wei Dong 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Model tests were conducted to investigate the behavior of vertically loaded, free head piles undergoing lateral soil movement using an experimental apparatus developed in house. This paper presents ten new tests on an instrumented model pile in dry sand, which provide the profiles of bending moment, shear force and pile deflection along the pile, the development of maximum bending moment Mmax, maximum shear force Tmax, and pile deflection y0 at the ground surface with soil movement. The tests reveal the effects of axial load P (at pile head), the distance between the tested pile and source of free soil movement Sb, sliding depths, and angle of soil movement (via loading angle) on the pile response. For instance, the axial loading P leads to extra bending moment and deflection in the passive pile; the Mmax reduces with increase in Sb; and the Mmax is proportional to the “angle” of soil movement. The elastic solution by Guo and Qin [Guo, W. D., Qin, H. Y., 2010, “Thrust and Bending Moment of Rigid Piles Subjected to Moving Soil,” Can. Geotech. J., Vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 180–196] was used to predict the development of Mmax and Tmax observed in the current tests, a boundary element analysis, and an in situ pile test, respectively. It provides satisfactory predictions for all cases against the measured data.
Effect of Low Temperature on Latex Triaxial Membranes
Authors: Dyvik Rune 
Published: August 2015

AbstractTriaxial tests on soils typically have a latex membrane that confines the test specimen. Because temperature can affect geotechnical test results, laboratory testing is occasionally performed at in situ temperatures, which are typically lower than room temperature. Some long-duration low-temperature triaxial tests have yielded unusual stress path results that do not indicate failure as expected. This study shows that fresh- or salt-water-soaked latex triaxial membranes (as is the condition for a triaxial test) experience a 20-fold increase in stiffness over time at temperatures from just above the freezing point of water to at least 7.5°C. This stiffening comes from partial crystallization of the latex at low temperature. Stiffened membranes do not behave elastically, but exhibit a brittle type of behavior that can adversely affect test results. Variations of latex membrane stiffness with temperature and test duration are presented. These can be used to determine appropriate membrane stiffness corrections for processing triaxial test results. Triaxial tests for which temperature and duration would more than double the latex membrane stiffness are not recommended. Within the range of doubling membrane stiffness at low temperatures, membrane dimensional changes are not significant and may be neglected in the membrane correction.
Voice Stress Evaluators and Lie Detection
Authors: Hollien H , Geison L , Hicks JW 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Proponents of vocal stress analysis systems argue that they are able to detect spoken deception by analysis of “stress” in the voice signal. Presumably, they do so by examining traces made by laryngeal microtremors which, they claim (1) exist in the voice, (2) are associated with stress, and (3) ultimately are associated with lying. However, most research that seeks to identify the relationships between microtremors and laryngeal function has produced negative results, and data on the ability of voice analyzers to detect stress from speech—or to identify spoken deception—have been negative or “mixed” in nature. Since perspectives based on available results leave a number of questions unanswered, a series of experiments has been undertaken. The first was focused on the basic acoustic/temporal correlates of stress in voice (the subject of an earlier report), the second on examination of stress by commercial voice analyzers, and the third on the detection of relatively high-risk lies by this same type of voice analysis procedure. It was found that correct stress/nonstress identifications occurred only at chance levels; the lie/nonlie identification scores were quite similar with professional “examiners” performing at about the same level of accuracy as other auditors. The following review is divided into two parts: a history of the controversy and a presentation of the two cited experiments.
The Treating Psychiatrist as Forensic Evaluator in Release Decisions
Authors: Miller RD 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
In a previous paper, the author argued that clinicians who perform initial forensic evaluations might be better able to assume subsequent treating relationships with those they have evaluated than independent evaluators. In this paper, the author discusses the problems involved when clinicians who have established treatment relations with patients are then called upon to testify in release hearings. He concludes that the conflicts potentially are more significant in this situation, and that treating clinicians should not evaluate their patients for release.
The Psychiatrist's Role in Retrospective Determination of Suicide: An Uncertain Science
Authors: Goldstein RL 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Psychiatrists have made significant contributions to our understanding of the phenomenon of suicide and are generally regarded as experts in all matters relating to suicide. When a legal determination must be made as to whether an individual has died as a result of suicide or by accidental (or any other) means, psychiatrists are often called upon to proffer their expert opinion to assist the courts to resolve the matter. Two case illustrations are presented and analyzed in which psychiatrists were called upon to make such retrospective determinations of suicide. The question is raised as to whether psychiatrists may sometimes exceed the limits of their scientific expertise in making such determinations.
Vitreous Humor Chemistry: The Use of Potassium Concentration for the Prediction of the Postmortem Interval
Authors: Stephens RJ , Richards RG 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Upon review of the literature, extensive disagreement was found as to the usefulness of vitreous humor potassium concentration as a predictor of the postmortem interval (PMI). A pilot study of 1427 cases was performed to address this problem. The requisite statistical analysis for the prediction of PMI is inverse prediction. The 95% inverse prediction interval was found to be approximately ±20 h. The linear regression equation for the data was y = 0.238 x + 6.342, with a coefficient of determination (r2) of 0.374. This r2 value means that 62.6% of the variation of potassium is unaccounted for by the variation in PMI. Further studies are required to attribute this unaccounted variation to quantifiable factors. This would narrow the inverse prediction interval and enable vitreous potassium to be a useful aid in the prediction of PMI.
Evaluation of Textile Fiber Evidence: A Review
Authors: Bresee RR 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The problem of establishing whether or not a certain fibrous textile is the source of a particular single fiber collected from a crime scene is discussed in this paper. A single evidential fiber present at a crime scene can be associated with four major events. These are fiber transfer, persistence after transfer, evidence collection, and fiber analysis. These events are reviewed by drawing on both published research and general scientific principles.
The Effects of Deformed Shot on Shotgun Pellet Dispersion
Authors: Thornton JI , Rios FG 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
It has been previously proposed that the outliers of shotgun dispersion pattern are due to shot which are aerodynamically less stable as a result of impulse deformation at the instant of discharge. This has been confirmed by an experiment in which all of the shot are intentionally deformed before the loading of the shotshell. Any pattern of dispersed shot is therefore likely to be in part a result of a shot packing factor which describes the propensity of shot to be deformed upon discharge or to be cushioned against such deformation.
A Rapid Screening Technique for the Detection of Spermatozoa
Authors: Fraysier HD 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Phase contrast microscopy has been used for some time to search for and identify spermatozoa. An enhancement to the technique using xylene in conjunction with phase contrast microscopy is discussed. The method has been found to save time by allowing identification of spermatozoa with xylene-enhanced phase contrast microscopy in many cases that would have been unsuccessful using the normal “dry” phase contrast microscopy techniques. This eliminates a staining and reexamination step.
Analysis of Dihydrocodeine in Urine Using Sep-Pak® C18 Cartridges for Sample Cleanup
Authors: Nakamura GR , Stall WJ , Meeks RD 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A rapid and precise method for the isolation and identification of dihydrocodeine from urine is reported. The narcotic is isolated from urine using Sep-Pak® C18 cartridges for cleanup, requiring less than 30 min for preparation. Identification is performed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
Examination of Correction Fluid Obliterations
Authors: Waggoner LR 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The use of correction fluid, or white-out, is a common method of obliterating, altering, or covering up unwanted writing or typing. Removal of the correction fluid deposit using a solvent is a destructive method of examination. Photography with transmitted light is a nondestructive method which is not always successful. A third method that is both effective and nondestructive is the use of a product that renders the paper translucent. This liquid is applied to the paper under the opaque correction fluid deposit from the back. As the paper becomes translucent, the writing on the paper but under the correction fluid deposit is revealed. It is photographed, and the negative is printed in reverse so the writing will read right. The visualizing fluid is both volatile and inert, and in most cases will affect neither the paper nor ink.
Analysis of 2-Hydroxyimipramine in an Imipramine-Related Fatality
Authors: Fraser AD , Susnik E , Isner AF 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A fatality following ingestion of the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine (Novopramine®), acetaminophen, and ethyl alcohol is described. Imipramine, desipramine, acetaminophen, and 2-hydroxyimipramine were quantitated by high performance liquid chromatography, and ethyl alcohol by gas liquid chromatography. Concentrations of imipramine, desipramine, 2-hydroxyimipramine, and acetaminophen were: in blood—9.0, 1.1, 3.9, and 11 mg/L; in urine—92, 14, and 42 mg/L (acetaminophen not quantitated in urine). Ethyl alcohol concentration in blood was &lt;10 mg/dL and 105 mg/dL in the urine by headspace gas chromatography. These findings are compared to previous reports of imipramine-related fatalities. To our knowledge, this is the first fatality reported involving imipramine where analysis included quantitation of 2-hydroxyimipramine in blood and urine.
The Confined Space-Hypoxia Syndrome
Authors: Zugibe FT , Costello JT , Breithaupt MK , Zappi E , Allyn B 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Two meter readers of a local water company were found dead in an underground water meter pit. Studies revealed a decrease in oxygen and an increase in carbon dioxide in the pit as a result of aerobic microorganisms present in the pit. Such an atmosphere may be rapidly fatal to the unwary worker who frequents such an environment. It is of paramount importance that this occupational hazard be recognized so that preventative measures may be established. We propose that the term “Confined Space-Hypoxia Syndrome” be adopted to all such confined space accidents occurring in water meter pits, tanks, holds of ships, mines, underground storage bins, and so forth, resulting from oxygen-deficient atmospheres. A series of recommended preventative procedures is included.
Glyoxalase I Typing and Phosphoglucomutase-1 Subtyping of a Single Hair
Authors: Gambel AM , Budowle B , Terrell L 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A technique is described for the typing of glyoxalase I (GLO I) and the subtyping of phosphoglucomutase-1 (PGM-1) from the root sheath cells of a single forcibly removed hair. This procedure does not require sample preparation and does not alter the morphological characteristics of the hair. The combined discrimination probability (DP) of the two markers taken together is 0.90 for whites and 0.89 for blacks. GLO I can be typed after four weeks, and PGM-1 can be typed after eight to fifteen weeks in hairs maintained at room temperature. Hairs mounted with Permount® showed loss of enzyme activity and loss of band sharpness.