bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DMPPQA, a novel angiogenesis inhibitor, induces apoptosis in human colon cancer HCT‐116 cells and HUVECs
Authors: Ren Jie , Jiang Hefei , Zhao Juan , Xin Wenqun , Xu Yuanyuan , Chen Xin , Hu Kun 
Published: November 2013

AbstractCytotoxic activity of 5,7‐dimethoxy‐2‐phenyl‐N‐propylquinolin‐4‐amine (DMPPQA) was investigated in human colon cancer cells HCT‐116 and umbilical vein endothelial cell line HUVEC. The IC50 of DMPPQA on HCT‐116 and HUVEC cells were respectively 1.26 and 7.43 µM after 72 h treatment. DMPPQA inhibited the growth of HCT‐116 and HUVEC cells in concentration‐ and time‐dependent manners. Typical morphological changes of apoptotic body formation were seen after DMPPQA with Hoechst 33258 staining. FCM analysis showed that DMPPQA induced apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential loss (ΔΨm) and increase in the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) of HCT‐116 cells. After treating with DMPPQA, apoptosis‐related protein expression of Bax, cytochrome c, caspase‐9, caspase‐3, PARP‐1 and P53 increased and Bcl‐2 protein expression decreased. DMPPQA treatment of HUVECs reduced cell migration and microcapillary tube formation in a Matrigel matrix. It also decreased VEGF protein expression. Thus DMPPQA acts as an angiogenesis inhibitor and induces cell apoptosis by a caspase‐dependent mitochondrial pathway.
Role of myosin Va in neuritogenesis of chick dorsal root ganglia nociceptive neurons
Authors: Kanno Tatiane Y. N. , Espreafico Enilza M. , Yan Chao Yun Irene 
Published: November 2013

AbstractMyosin‐Va, widely distributed throughout the developing nervous system, is involved in the transport of vesicles and other intracellular components with its globular tail domain (GTD) implicated in cargo recognition/interaction. Inactivation of myosin‐Va in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons of chick embryos, in vitro, decreases the rate of filopodial extension. MYO5A mutant mice have severe neurological defects. We have found that the overexpression of GTD in DRG cultures reduces the number of neurons with long neurites (above fourfold cell body length) and increased the number of neurons with short or no neurites. However, if transfection occurred after the onset of neuritogenesis, this was not seen. In embryo, we characterized the expression pattern of myosin‐Va during neuritogenesis of TrkA‐positive cells at different stages of chick DRG development. Myosin‐Va expression was detected starting from HH25. At this stage, it was present in cells both with and without neurites. The presence of myosin‐Va in DRG neurites persisted throughout the last stage analysed (HH34). The data suggest that Myosin Va can participate in embryonic DRG neuritogenesis.
Valence‐to‐Core X‐Ray Emission Spectroscopy of Iron–Carbonyl Complexes: Implications for the Examination of Catalytic Intermediates
Authors: Delgado‐Jaime Mario Ulises , DeBeer Serena , Bauer Matthias 
Published: November 2013

AbstractValence‐to‐core X‐ray emission spectroscopy (V2C XES) has been applied to a series of compounds relevant to both homogeneous catalysts and intermediates in heterogeneous reactions, namely [Fe(CO)5], [Fe2(CO)9], [Fe3(CO)12], [Fe(CO)3(cod)] (cod=cyclo‐octadienyl), [Fe2Cp2(CO)4] (Cp=cyclo‐pentadienyl), [Fe2Cp*2(CO)4] (Cp*=tetramethylcyclopentadienyl), and [FeCp(CO)2(thf)][B(ArF)4] (ArF=pentafluorophenyl). DFT calculations of the V2C XES spectra show very good agreement with experiment, which allows for an in depth analysis of the origins of the observed spectral signatures. It is demonstrated that the observed spectral features can be broken down into specific ligand and metal fragment contributions. The relative intensities of the observed features are further explained through a quantitative investigation of the metal 3p and 4p contributions to the spectra. The ability to use V2C XES to separate carbonyl, hydrocarbon, and solvent contributions is highlighted.
Patient‐reported outcomes from EMILIA, a randomized phase 3 study of trastuzumab emtansine (T‐DM1) versus capecitabine and lapatinib in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–positive locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Welslau Manfred , Diéras Veronique , Sohn Joo‐Hyuk , Hurvitz Sara A. , Lalla Deepa , Fang Liang , Althaus Betsy , Guardino Ellie , Miles David 
Published: November 2013

BACKGROUNDThis report describes the results of an analysis of patient‐reported outcomes from EMILIA (TDM4370g/BO21977), a randomized phase 3 study of the antibody–drug conjugate trastuzumab emtansine (T‐DM1) versus capecitabine and lapatinib in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer.METHODSA secondary endpoint of the EMILIA study was time to symptom worsening (time from randomization to the first documentation of a ≥ 5‐point decrease from baseline) as measured by the Trial Outcome Index Physical/Functional/Breast (TOI‐PFB) subset of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Breast questionnaire. Predefined exploratory patient‐reported outcome endpoints included proportion of patients with a clinically significant improvement in symptoms (per TOI‐PFB) and proportion of patients with diarrhea symptoms (per Diarrhea Assessment Scale).RESULTSIn the T‐DM1 arm, 450 of 495 patients had a baseline and ≥ 1 postbaseline TOI‐PFB score versus 445 of 496 patients in the capecitabine‐plus‐lapatinib arm. Time to symptom worsening was delayed in the T‐DM1 arm versus the capecitabine‐plus‐lapatinib arm (7.1 months versus 4.6 months, respectively; hazard ratio = 0.796; P = .0121). In the T‐DM1 arm, 55.3% of patients developed clinically significant improvement in symptoms from baseline versus 49.4% in the capecitabine‐plus‐lapatinib arm (P = .0842). Although similar at baseline, the number of patients reporting diarrhea symptoms increased 1.5‐ to 2‐fold during treatment with capecitabine and lapatinib but remained near baseline levels in the T‐DM1 arm.CONCLUSIONSTogether with the EMILIA primary data, these results support the concept that T‐DM1 has greater efficacy and tolerability than capecitabine plus lapatinib, which may translate into improvements in health‐related quality of life. Cancer 2014;120:642–651. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Targeted next‐generation sequencing using fine‐needle aspirates from adenocarcinomas of the lung
Authors: Karnes Hope E. , Duncavage Eric J. , Bernadt Cory T. 
Published: November 2013

BACKGROUNDMolecular testing of cancer is increasingly critical to medicine. Next‐generation sequencing (NGS) provides comprehensive, unbiased, and inexpensive mutation analysis of multiple genes with a single test. However, to the authors' knowledge, the usefulness of NGS in fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) specimens, which may be the only specimens available, is unknown. Non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is an ideal model in which to evaluate cytopathologic applications of NGS because FNA is used for diagnosis and staging and specific molecular therapeutic targets in NSCLC are known. Herein, the performance and quality of targeted NGS in FNA specimens from a small series of lung adenocarcinomas is evaluated.METHODSSequence data were generated from FNA specimens and paired formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissues from 5 patients with lung adenocarcinoma. DNA was isolated from FNA aspirate smears and cores of FFPE tissue. Multiplex sequencing of 27 cancer‐related genes was performed after hybrid capture enrichment. Read‐quality metrics and single‐nucleotide variant calls were compared.RESULTSThe overall concordance of total reads across specimens was > 99% and the average concordance of single‐nucleotide variants was 99.5%. The total reads generated, as well as the percentages of mapped, on‐target, and unique reads were statistically indistinguishable (P > 0.05) between FFPE and FNA preparations. There also was no difference in the depth of sequencing coverage, including exon‐level coverage in known lung cancer mutation hotspots.CONCLUSIONSDNA isolated from FNA slides yields comprehensive, accurate, and statistically indistinguishable sequence information compared with that obtained from FFPE tissue. These results support the integration of NGS technologies into the standard cytopathology workflow. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2014;122:104–13. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Specificity and efficiency of reporter expression in adult neural progenitors vary substantially among nestin‐CreERT2 lines
Authors: Sun Min‐Yu , Yetman Michael J. , Lee Tang‐Cheng , Chen Yuqing , Jankowsky Joanna L. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTTransgenic lines expressing a controllable form of Cre recombinase have become valuable tools for manipulating gene expression in adult neural progenitors and their progeny. Neural progenitors express several proteins that distinguish them from mature neurons, and the promoters for these genes have been co‐opted to produce selective transgene expression within this population. To date, nine CreERT2 transgenic lines have been designed using the nestin promoter; however, only a subset are capable of eliciting expression within both neurogenic zones of the adult brain. Here we compare three such nestin‐CreERT2 lines to evaluate specificity of expression and efficiency of recombination. Each line was examined by using three different Cre reporter strains that varied in sensitivity. We found that all three nestin‐CreERT2 strains induced reporter expression within the main neurogenic areas, albeit to varying degrees depending on the reporter. Unexpectedly, we found that two of the three lines induced substantial reporter expression outside of neurogenic areas. These lines produced strong labeling in cerebellar granule neurons, with additional expression in the cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and thalamus. Reporter expression in the third nestin‐CreERT2 line was considerably more specific, but was also less efficient, labeling a smaller percentage of the target population than the other two drivers. Our findings suggest that each nestin‐CreERT2 line may best serve different experimental needs, depending on whether specificity or efficiency is of greatest concern. Our study further demonstrates that each new pair of driver and responder lines should be evaluated independently, as both components can significantly influence the resulting expression pattern. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:1191–1208, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Substrate‐thickness Dependence of Hydrogenated Microcrystalline Silicon Nucleation Rate on Amorphous Silicon Layer
Authors: Zuo Zewen , Cui Guanglei , Wang Yu , Wang Junzhuan , Pu Lin , Shi Yi 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe nucleation rate of hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon (µc‐Si:H) films deposited by plasma‐enhanced (PE)CVD on hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) substrates is investigated through structural and electrical characterization, with special attention paid to the initial growth stage of µc‐Si:H films. It is found that the nucleation rate of µc‐Si is dependent on the thickness of the a‐Si:H substrate. The µc‐Si:H film exhibits a rapid nucleation on a thin a‐Si:H layer, leaving a thin incubation layer at the µc‐Si/substrate interface. This substrate‐thickness dependence of the nucleation rate is proposed to be correlated with the stress inside the a‐Si:H layer. The high interfacial stress existing in the thin a‐Si:H layer facilitates the formation of high concentration, strained Si‐Si bonds, which are responsible for the rapid µc‐Si nucleation. The thick a‐Si:H layer relaxes the interfacial stress through the formation of islands in the Stranski‐Krastanow (S‐K) growth mode, while the intrinsic stress is still low, resulting in a long nucleation process allowing for the intrinsic compressive stress to be accumulated that is necessary for the µc‐Si deposited on it.
Comparison of three thiol probes for determination of apoptosis‐related changes in cellular redox status
Authors: Skindersoe Mette E. , Kjaerulff Soeren 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAn early step in apoptosis is extrusion of reduced glutathione (GSH). Current assays for measuring apoptosis involve a number of incubation and washing steps, making them time consuming and laborious. Using two novel thiol reactive agents (VitaBright‐43 and VitaBright‐48) and a GSH specific probe; monochlorobimane, we investigated whether changes in the level of free thiols can be used as an apoptotic marker. Upon addition to cells the probes permeate the cell membrane and react with intracellular thiols, causing cellular fluorescence. Cytometric quantification of the cell fluorescence (without washing) can then be used to determine the population's cellular thiol level at the single cell level. Apoptotic traits such as phosphatidylserine externalisation, caspase activity and mitochondrial potential were investigated at different time points after induction of apoptosis and correlated to changes detected using the thiol probes. We found that though all three thiol probes could be used to detect changes in the level of free thiols correlating well with apoptotic markers, other properties such as detection of early versus late apoptosis and staining kinetics differed among the three probes. However, we suggest adding evaluation of the level of free thiols to the list of phenotypes which may be measured in order to detect apoptosis, as this provides a reliable and easy way of assaying apoptosis. © 2013 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Disconnection of a basal ganglia circuit in juvenile songbirds attenuates the spectral differentiation of song syllables
Authors: Elliott Kevin C. , Wu Wei , Bertram Richard , Johnson Frank 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTSimilar to language acquisition by human infants, juvenile male zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) imitate an adult (tutor) song by transitioning from repetitive production of one or two undifferentiated protosyllables to the sequential production of a larger and spectrally heterogeneous set of syllables. The primary motor region that controls learned song is driven by a confluence of input from two premotor pathways: a posterior pathway that encodes the adult song syllables and an anterior pathway that includes a basal ganglia (BG)‐thalamo‐cortical circuit. Similar to mammalian motor‐learning systems, the songbird BG circuit is thought to be necessary for shaping juvenile vocal behaviour (undifferentiated protosyllables) toward specific targets (the tutor's song syllables). Here, we tested the hypothesis that anterior pathway activity contributes to the process of protosyllable differentiation. Bilateral ablation of lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior nidopallium (LMAN) was used to disconnect BG circuitry at ages before protosyllable production and differentiation. Comparison to surgical controls revealed that protosyllables fail to differentiate in birds that received juvenile LMAN ablation—the adult songs of birds with >80% bilateral LMAN ablation consisted of only one or two syllables produced with the repetitive form and spectral structure that characterizes undifferentiated protosyllables in normal juveniles. Our findings support a role for BG circuitry in shaping juvenile vocal behaviour toward the acoustic structure of the tutor song and suggest that posterior pathway function remains in an immature “default” state when developmental interaction with the anterior pathway is reduced or eliminated. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 74: 574–590, 2014
A role for the polarity complex and PI3 kinase in branch formation within retinotectal arbors of zebrafish
Authors: Schmidt John T. , Mariconda Laura , Morillo Francelina , Apraku Elizabeth 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTThe developing zebrafish retinotectal arbors make many trial branches with synapses but most are retracted. With NMDA blockers, branches are withdrawn at a higher rate, and a synapse on a branch not only stabilizes that branch, but biases new branches to form nearby. Here, we tested whether new branch formation requires the polarity complex, which is essential for organizing the cytoskeleton in initial axon formation. The complex (PAR3, PAR6, and atypical protein kinase C [aPKC]) is downstream of phosphatidyl‐inositol‐3‐kinase (PI3K), and its aPKC could be activated by retrograde arachidonic acid synaptic signaling. DiO‐labeled arbors in zebrafish were imaged on day 3 (before treatment) and 1–2 days after treatment to suppress or inhibit PAR3, PAR6, or PI3K. Intraocular antisense (AS) oligos to PAR3 or PAR6 both severely limited branch addition, which was most evident in arbors with few branches before treatment. As a result of the inability to branch, arbor segments grew longer than in controls. Both PI3K inhibition (LY294002) and AS suppression of PI3Kα and PI3Kδ isoforms likewise limited branch addition but also decreased growth, as the sum of segment lengths was below normal after 2 days. Both the results support the idea that the polarity complex and PI3K participate in arbor branch formation. The PKC inhibitor Go6983 also severely restricted branch addition and growth, as did bisindolyl‐maleimide and calphostin C reported previously, consistent with PKCζ, but not PKCµ, participation. These experiments suggest a mechanism whereby activity signaling could affect the branching of retinotectal arbors. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 74: 591–601, 2014
Selective Confinement of Ruthenium Nanoparticles in Silica Nanotubes
Authors: Nguyen T. Trang , Ersen Ovidiu , Serp Philippe 
Published: November 2013

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Philippe Serp at the Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination of CNRS UPR8241. The cover image shows the synthesis strategy that has been followed to confine ruthenium nanoparticles in silica nanotubes, by using carbon nanotubes as template, and illustrates the need for tomography techniques to observe these nanocatalysts.
Atropisomerism in 3,4,5‐Tri‐(2‐methoxyphenyl)‐2,6‐lutidine
Authors: Roszkowski Piotr , Błachut Dariusz , Maurin Jan K. , Woźnica Magdalena , Frelek Jadwiga , Pluciński Franciszek , Czarnocki Zbigniew 
Published: November 2013

AbstractSuzuki reaction of tribromo‐2,6‐lutidine with (2‐methoxyphenyl)boronic acid gave 3,4,5‐tris(2‐methoxyphenyl)‐2,6‐lutidine in the form of a mixture of three atropisomers that were stable at room temperature. Each isomer was isolated and fully characterized, including by X‐ray structure determination. One of the isomers, being a racemic mixture, was separated into individual enantiomers by using semipreparative chiral HPLC. Their absolute stereochemistry was initially assigned on the basis of computational calculation of the CD spectra and finally confirmed by X‐ray analysis.
Loss of Control over Eating: A Description of the Eating Disorder/Obesity Spectrum in Women
Authors: Villarejo Cynthia , Jiménez‐Murcia Susana , Álvarez‐Moya Eva , Granero Roser , Penelo Eva , Treasure Janet , Vilarrasa Núria , Gil‐Montserrat de Bernabé Mónica , Casanueva Felipe F. , Tinahones Francisco J. , Fernández‐Real José Manuel , Frühbeck Gema , de la Torre Rafael , Botella Cristina , Agüera Zaida , Menchón José Manuel , Fernández‐Aranda Fernando 
Published: November 2013

AbstractGoalsThis study aimed to analyse the association, commonalities and differences between obesity and eating disorders (ED).MethodA total of 150 female patients [50 obese with bulimia nervosa (OB + BN), 50 obese with binge eating disorders (OB + BED), 50 obese without eating disorders (OB)] and 50 female healthy‐eating/weight control (CG) volunteers participated in this study.AssessmentAll participants were assessed by the Eating Disorders Inventory‐2 (EDI‐2), the Symptom Checklist‐Revised (SCL‐90‐R) and the Temperament and Character Inventory‐Revised.ResultsIn general, all the groups differed significantly and showed linear trends (OB + BN > OB + BED > OB > CG) on general and eating psychopathology (SCL‐90‐R and EDI‐2). Regarding personality traits, statistically significant differences across all four groups were found on Harm Avoidance and Self‐Directedness. Whereas some symptoms were shared in extreme weight conditions, others were specifically related to ED.ConclusionsThe presence of binge and purge symptomatology in obese patients is clinically relevant. These findings help to understand the relationship between Obesity and ED. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
China's food security is threatened by the unsustainable use of water resources in North and Northwest China
Authors: Du Taisheng , Kang Shaozhong , Zhang Xiying , Zhang Jianhua 
Published: November 2013

AbstractChina has a growing population of 1.35 billion at the moment and has been largely self‐sufficient in its food production. In consideration of the major agricultural resources (land, available fresh water, and ambient temperature), China is actually very vulnerable in maintaining its food security. Due to the unfavorable distributions of its water resources and temperature conditions, almost all the land that can be cropped has been utilized. Over cropping and over irrigation has led to some serious problems in two major areas of this country. In Northwest China where most of the land belongs to the inland river system, over expanding of irrigated area has resulted in some serious ecological problems, such as shrinking of oasis and desertification of grasslands. In North China Plain where about half of the country's wheat and maize are produced, over cropping has been supplemented with underground water for several decades, which has led to fast drop of underground water table, for example, 0.88 m per year in the recent 30 years at Luancheng County. China's food security is threatened by its diminishing and unsustainable use of water resources. Integrative agronomic, biological, engineering, and administrative practices that can sustainably use the water resources will be the key ways out to secure the country's future food production.
Effects of chemical agents on physical properties and structure of primary pulp chamber dentin
Authors: Miori Pascon Fernanda , Rosamilia Kantovitz Kamila , Franciele Gaspar Juliana , De Paula Andreia Bolzan , Puppin‐Rontani Regina Maria 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTThis study evaluated the effects of chemical agents on the physical properties and structure of primary pulp chamber dentin using surface roughness, microhardness tests, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Twenty‐five primary teeth were sectioned exposing the pulp chamber and were divided into five groups (n = 5): NT, no treatment; SH1, 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); SH1U, 1% NaOCl + Endo‐PTC®; SH1E, 1% NaOCl + 17% EDTA; and E, 17% EDTA. After dentin treatment, the specimens were submitted to roughness, microhardness testing, and SEM analysis. Roughness and microhardness data were submitted to one‐way ANOVA and Tukey's test (P < 0.05). The SH1E group showed the highest roughness, followed by the E group (P < 0.05) when compared with the NT, SH1, and SH1U groups. Microhardness values of SH1 and SH1U showed no significant difference as compared to the NT (control) group (P > 0.05). Microhardness values could not be obtained in the EDTA groups (SH1E and E). The presence of intertubular dentin with opened dentin tubules was observed in the NT, SH1, and SH1U groups. SH1E showed eroded and disorganized dentin with few opened tubules and the intertubular/peritubular dentin was partially removed. Considering the physical and structural approaches and the chemical agents studied, it can be concluded that NaOCl and NaOCl associated with Endo‐PTC® were the agents that promoted the smallest changes in surface roughness, microhardness, and structure of the pulp chamber dentin of primary teeth. Microsc. Res. Tech. 77:52–56, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.